bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soluble CD146 in the detection and grading of intravascular and tissue congestion in patients with acute dyspnoea: analysis of the prospective observational Lithuanian Echocardiography Study of Dyspnoea in Acute Settings (LEDA) cohort
Authors: Juknevičienė Renata , Simonavičius Justas , Mikalauskas Aurimas , Čerlinskaitė-Bajorė Kamilė , Arrigo Mattia , Juknevičius Vytautas , Alitoit-Marrote Irina , Kablučko Denis , Bagdonaitė Loreta , Vitkus Dalius , Balčiūnas Mindaugas , Zuozienė Gitana , Barysienė Jūratė , Žaliaduonytė Diana , Stašaitis Kęstutis , Kavoliūnienė Aušra , Mebazaa Alexandre , Čelutkienė Jelena
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the potential of soluble cluster of differentiation 146 (sCD146) in the detection and grading of congestion in patients with acute dyspnoea.

Design

Subanalysis of the prospective observational Lithuanian Echocardiography Study of Dyspnoea in Acute Settings (LEDA) cohort.

Setting

Two Lithuanian university centres.

Participants

Adult patients with acute dyspnoea admitted to the emergency department.

Methods

Congestion was assessed using clinical and sonographic parameters. All patients underwent sCD146 and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) testing.

Results

The median value of sCD146 concentration in the study cohort (n=437) was 405 (IQR 315–509) ng/mL. sCD146 was higher in patients with peripheral oedema than in those without (median (IQR) 472 (373–535) vs 400 (304–501) ng/mL, p=0.009) and with pulmonary rales than in those without (439 (335–528) vs 394 (296–484) ng/mL, p=0.001). We found a parallel increase of estimated right atrial pressure (eRAP) and sCD146 concentration: sCD146 was 337 (300–425), 404 (290–489) and 477 (363–572) ng/mL in patients with normal, moderately elevated and high eRAP, respectively (p=0.001). In patients with low NT-proBNP, high sCD146 distinguished a subgroup with a higher prevalence of oedema as compared with patients with low levels of both biomarkers (76.0% vs 41.0%, p=0.010). Moreover, high sCD146 indicated a higher prevalence of elevated eRAP, irrespective of NT-proBNP concentration (p<0.05).

Conclusion

sCD146 concentration reflects the degree of intravascular and tissue congestion assessed by clinical and echocardiographic indices, with this association maintained in patients with low NT-proBNP. Our data support the notion that NT-proBNP might represent heart stretch while sCD146 rather represents peripheral venous congestion.
Risk and outcome of acute myeloid leukaemia among survivors of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a retrospective observational study based on SEER database
Authors: Du Yu , Wang Ying , Li Qinlu , Chang Xiaona , Zhang Heng , Xiao Min , Xing Shugang
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Survivors of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are at an increased risk of developing second primary malignancies. However, the risk of secondary acute myeloid leukaemia (sAML) has not been previously described in detail, and the outcomes of patients with sAML are also undiscovered compared with their de novo counterparts (de novo acute myeloid leukaemia, dnAML).

Design

This study is a retrospective database study.

Setting and participants

A total of 70 280 patients with primary DLBCL, diagnosed between 2000 and 2016, were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Another cohort with dnAML matching with sAML was also obtained from SEER database.

Results

The standardised incidence ratio was 6.23 (95% CI: 5.50 to 7.03) for sAML among survivors of DLBCL. The estimated cumulative incidence of sAML was 0.61% 15 years after the diagnosis of DLBCL. Patients aged 60–74 years were more likely to have sAML than those <60 years (subdistribution HR (sHR)=1.417; 95% CI: 1.087 to 1.850), whereas patients aged ≥75 years were less likely to have sAML (sHR=0.648; 95% CI: 0.452 to 0.930). Patients with advanced-stage DLBCL were more prone to sAML than those with early-stage disease (sHR=1.307; 95% CI: 1.012 to 1.690). There was a significant difference of survival between patients with dnAML and those with sAML (HR=1.25; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.53).

Conclusions

The risk of developing sAML after DLBCL is substantial. Patients aged 60–74 years and with advanced-stage are more prone to sAML. And, compared with their dnAML counterparts, patients with sAML have a worse prognosis.
Satisfaction with life and associated factors among elderly people living in two cities in northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Mekonnen Habtamu Sewunet , Lindgren Helena , Geda Biftu , Azale Telake , Erlandsson Kerstin
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aimed to determine the level of life satisfaction and identify associated factors among elderly people living in two cities in northwest Ethiopia.

Design

Community-based cross-sectional study.

Setting

Two cities in northwest Ethiopia (Gondar and Bahir Dar).

Participants

816 elderly people age 60 years and above living in Gondar and Bahir Dar, northwest Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants.

Main outcome measure

Level of life satisfaction. Considering the mean and SD, three levels of satisfaction appeared to suffice as the basis for analysis and discussion: 23.5–34.4 dissatisfied, 34.5–56.5 averagely satisfied and 56.6–67.5 satisfied. Multivariable ordinal regression analysis was done to control the confounders. Since the outcome variable has an ordinal category, ordinal regression analysis is appropriate. A p≤0.05 and AOR (adjusted OR) with a 95% CI were considered to determine the statistically significant variables and strength of the association.

Results

The mean age of the respondents was 68.2 years with an SD±7.2. The level of life satisfaction was: dissatisfied 17.2%, moderately satisfied 63.8% and well satisfied 19.0%. Overall, 45.8% (95% CI 42.2% to 49.2%) of the participants had a score equal to or above the mean. Regarding associated factors; retired current occupation (AOR=2.23, 95% CI 1.09 to 4.55), good self-rated health status (AOR=2.54, 95% CI 1.29 to 4.99), having no chronic disease (AOR=1.48, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.11), somewhat-good (AOR=2.15, 95% CI 1.12 to 4.13) and good (AOR=4.51, 95% CI 2.40 to 8.45) self-perception on ageing life, moderate functional impairment on daily living activities (AOR=5.43, 95% CI 1.81 to 16.24), high sense of coherence (AOR=3.80, 95% CI 2.04 to 7.08), house rent as a source of finance (AOR=2.60, 95% CI 1.49 to 4.52) and high perceived social support (AOR=2.13, 95% CI 1.44 to 3.16) had statistically significant association with the life satisfaction.

Conclusion

The life satisfaction level in our study group was lower than in some more highly developed countries. To improve the level of life satisfaction in Ethiopia, a holistic programme of nursing care for elderly people, particularly as concerns about their health and psychosocial conditions is crucial in both community and clinical settings.
Hypofractionated versus conventional intensity-modulated radiation irradiation (HARVEST-adjuvant): study protocol for a randomised non-inferior multicentre phase III trial
Authors: Xie Jinrong , Xu Feifei , Zhao Yutian , Cai Gang , Lin Xiao , Zhu Qiwei , Lin Qing , Yao Yuan , Xu Cheng , Cai Rong , Wang Shubei , Tang Xiaolu , Chen Chuying , Zheng Siyue , Chen Mei , Chen Min , Qian Xiaofang , Shen Chunhong , Li Jian , Xu Haoping , Xu Fei , Han Yimin , Li Min , Ou Dan , Shen Kun Wei , Qi Wei-Xiang , Cao Lu , Huang Xiaobo , Chen Jiayi
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Short course regimen has become the major trend in the field of adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with breast cancer. Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HF-RT) regimen of 40–42.5 Gy in 15–16 fractions has been established as a preferred option for whole breast irradiation. However, few evidences of hypofractionated regional nodal irradiation (RNI), especially involving internal mammary nodes (IMNs), could be available during the era of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Against this background, we design this trial to explore the hypothesis that HF-RT regimen involving RNI (including infraclavicular, supraclavicular nodes and IMNs) will be non-inferior to a standard schedule by using IMRT technique.

Methods and analysis

This is an open-label randomised, non-inferior, multicentre phase III trial. Patients with breast cancer with an indication for RNI after breast conserving surgery or mastectomy are randomised at a ratio of 1:1 into the following two groups: hypofractionated regimen of 2.67 Gy for 16 fractions or conventional regimen of 2 Gy for 25 fractions. The dose was prescribed to ipsilateral chest wall or whole breast and RNI (including infraclavicular, supraclavicular nodes and IMNs, lower axilla if indicated). The trial plans to enrol a total of 801 patients and all patients will be treated using IMRT technique. The primary endpoint is 5-year locoregional recurrence. The secondary endpoints include 5-year distant metastasis free survival, invasive recurrence-free survival, overall survival, accumulative acute radiation-induced toxicity and accumulative late radiation-induced toxicity, cosmetic outcomes and quality of life.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has been approved by the Ethical Committee of Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (version 2018-95-3) and approvals from ethical committee of each participating centre have also been obtained. Research findings will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number

NCT03829553.
Nomograms for predicting overall and cancer-specific survival of patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy: a retrospective SEER-based study
Authors: Zheng Jianyi , Li Shijie , Zhao Yiqiao , Tao Zijia , Li Lei , Li Zeyu , Li Mingyang , Chen Xiaonan
Published: September 2022

Objective

We aimed to construct and validate nomograms to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) after nephrectomy.

Design

This study is a retrospective cohort study.

Setting and participants

There were 2810 patients with chRCC from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 included in the study who were randomly divided into a training cohort (n=1970) and a validation cohort (n=840). Another single-centre external validation cohort containing 124 patients from our hospital was also involved in our study.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

OS and CSS.

Results

Nomograms for OS and CSS include four and five variables, respectively, from the result of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses. Nomograms reveal the accurate discrimination by the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and C-indexes, with a C-index value of 0.777 (95% CI 0.728 to 0.826), 0.810 (95% CI 0.747 to 0.873) and 0.863 (95% CI 0.773 to 0.953) for the training cohort, the internal validation cohort and the external validation cohort in the nomogram for OS; and a C-index value of 0.884 (95% CI 0.829 to 0.939), 0.868 (95% CI 0.772 to 0.964) and 0.862 (95% CI 0.760 to 0.964) for the training cohort, the internal validation cohort and the external validation cohort in the nomogram for CSS. It was also proven that there was a high degree of conformance between the predicted and observation results by calibration plots. In addition, the comparison of ROC curves and C-indexes between nomograms and seventh tumour, node and metastasis stage demonstrated that nomograms were better in accuracy and efficacy ability.

Conclusions

We successfully constructed two accurate and effective nomograms to predict OS and CSS for patients with chRCC after nephrectomy, which can help clinical doctors choose individual treatment strategies for chRCC patients.
Treatment patterns for oral anticoagulants in older patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective, cross-sectional, nationwide study from Denmark
Authors: Rasmussen Peter Vibe , Sakthivel Tharsika , Dalgaard Frederik , Gislason Gunnar Hilmar , Pallisgaard Jannik Langtved , Hansen Morten Lock
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a predominant risk factor of ischaemic stroke and treatment with oral anticoagulants (OACs) is recommended in all patients with risk factors. This study sought to examine treatment patterns of OACs in older patients with AF.

Design

Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Setting

Danish nationwide administrative and clinical registers and databases.

Participants

A total of 40 027 patients,>75 years of age, after their first hospital contact due to AF between 2010 and 2018.

Primary and secondary outcomes measures

The primary event of interest was claimed prescriptions for OACs within 180 days after first hospital contact due to AF. Proportions of patients treated with OACs were estimated and clinical factors associated with the probability of receiving OAC treatment were identified using adjusted logistic regression models.

Results

A total of 40 027 patients were included with a slight majority of women (54%). The median age was 81 years (IQR 78–86). We found that an overall 32 235 patients (81%) were prescribed an OAC after their first hospital contact due to AF with a marked increase in the proportion of patients treated from 2010 to 2018. Factors related to a decreased probability of receiving treatment were bleeding risk factors such as a history of haemorrhagic stroke (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.27), any bleeding (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.62) as well as markers of frailty such as osteoporosis (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.85).

Conclusion

In this large nationwide study, we found that in older patients with AF, the overall rates of OAC prescription were generally high (~80%) and increasing during the last decade. Factors associated with not receiving guideline recommended OAC treatment were generally related to bleeding risk factors or frailty.
Multicentre single-arm phase II trial evaluating the safety and effiCacy of Panitumumab and iRinOtecan in NeoRAS Wild-type mEtaStatic colorectal cancer patientS (C-PROWESS trial): study protocol
Authors: Osumi Hiroki , Ishizuka Naoki , Takashima Atsuo , Kumekawa Yosuke , Nakano Daisuke , Shiozawa Manabu , Denda Tadamichi , Sawada Ryoichi , Ouchi Kota , Wakatsuki Takeru , Narikazu Boku , Kato Ken , Yamaguchi Kensei , Shinozaki Eiji
Published: September 2022

Introduction

A new concept of ‘NeoRAS wild-type (WT)’, which means conversion of RAS status from RAS mutant to RAS WT after treatment, has been reported. Previous observational and proof-of-concept studies have demonstrated the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in patients with NeoRAS WT metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Moreover, posthoc biomarker analyses of these studies have suggested that not only the RAS status in the circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) but also other gene mutational status may be useful as biomarkers of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors for NeoRAS WT mCRC.

Methods and analysis

This trial is a multicentre, single-arm, phase II trial to assess the efficacy and safety of panitumumab plus irinotecan therapy for patients with NeoRAS mCRC. The key eligibility criteria include RAS mutant mCRC initially proven in tumour tissue refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin and irinotecan; RAS WT in ctDNA (defined as plasma mutant allele frequencies of all RAS ≤0.1%) within 28 days before enrolment and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤2. The primary endpoint is the response rate. The target sample size is 30 patients. Biomarker analyses are planned to be performed using next-generation sequencing-based ctDNA analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

This study was approved by the certified review board of National Cancer Center Hospital. The main results of the trial will be presented in international meetings and in medical journals.

Trial registration number

s031210565.
Improving access to Hackney Integrated Learning Disability Service
Authors: Omrani Osama , Spiers Jessica , Prior David , Haberland Kirsty , Kabir Anwar , Sinclair Candace , Woods Tom , Hall Ian , Checkley Laura
Published: September 2022

Aims

Improving access to Hackney Integrated Learning Disability Service (ILDS) using quality improvement (QI) methodology by reducing the time taken to complete eligibility assessment by 50% by April 2021, while improving service user and staff experience.

Background

Referrals to ILDS require assessment of eligibility. It was noted that there was significant waiting time between referral and eligibility assessment, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Quality Network for Community Learning Disability Services guidelines suggest waiting times for those accessing adult learning disability (LD) community services be locally agreed, although there is limited literature on this topic.

Methods

All staff members across the multidisciplinary team were invited to participate in the QI project. We defined outcome measures as days from referral to allocation of eligibility assessment to staff member and to completion of eligibility assessment, comparing referrals received before and after start of the project. The key change ideas tested using Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were: (1) eligibility screening checklist, (2) eligibility assessments drop-in sessions for staff, (3) formal training for ILDS staff, (4) eligibility screening allocation system, (5) template letters for eligibility decisions, (6) new ILDS referral form, (7) workshops for local general practitioners.

Results

Time taken to eligibility assessment allocation decreased from median of 184 (mean=183.5±109.8) to 13 days (mean=19.9±26.4) (93% reduction). Time to completion of eligibility assessment decreased from a median of 271 (mean=296.0±133.8) to 63 days (mean=75.7±34.8) (77% reduction). We received positive feedback from staff and service users regarding the new eligibility process.

Conclusions

We report waiting times for accessing our community adult LD services and effective strategies for reducing this. We recommend similar services use a QI methodology to reduce waiting times and improve the experience of staff and service users.
Communication about sexual orientation and gender between clinicians, LGBT+ people facing serious illness and their significant others: a qualitative interview study of experiences, preferences and recommendations
Authors: Braybrook Debbie , Bristowe Katherine , Timmins Liadh , Roach Anna , Day Elizabeth , Clift Paul , Rose Ruth , Marshall Steve , Johnson Katherine , Sleeman Katherine E , Harding Richard
Published: September 2022

Background

Healthcare organisations have legal and ethical duties to reduce inequalities in access to healthcare services and related outcomes. However, lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or transgender (LGBT+) people continue to experience and anticipate discrimination in health and social care. Skilled communication is vital for quality person-centred care, but there is inconsistent provision of evidence-based clinician education on health needs and experiences of LGBT+ people to support this. This study aimed to identify key stakeholders’ experiences, preferences and best practices for communication regarding sexual orientation, gender identity and gender history in order to reduce inequalities in healthcare.

Methods

Semistructured qualitative interviews with LGBT+ patients with serious illness, significant others and clinicians, recruited via UK-wide LGBT+ groups, two hospitals and one hospice in England. We analysed the interview data using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

74 stakeholders participated: 34 LGBT+ patients with serious illness, 13 significant others and 27 multiprofessional clinicians. Participants described key communication strategies to promote inclusive practice across three domains: (1) ‘Creating positive first impressions and building rapport’ were central to relationship building and enacted through routine use of inclusive language, avoiding potentially negative non-verbal signals and echoing terminology used by patients and caregivers; (2) ‘Enhancing care by actively exploring and explaining the relevance of sexual orientation and gender identity’, participants described the benefits of clinicians initiating these discussions, pursuing topics guided by the patient’s response or expressed preferences for disclosure. Active involvement of significant others was encouraged to demonstrate recognition of the relationship; these individual level actions are underpinned by a foundation of (3) ‘visible and consistent LGBT+ inclusiveness in care systems’. Although participants expressed hesitance talking about LGBT+ identities with individuals from some sociocultural and religious backgrounds, there was widespread support for institutions to adopt a standardised, LGBT+ inclusive, visibly supportive approach.

Conclusions

Person-centred care can be enhanced by incorporating discussions about sexual orientation and gender identity into routine clinical practice. Inclusive language and sensitive exploration of relationships and identities are core activities. Institutions need to support clinicians through provision of adequate training, resources, inclusive monitoring systems, policies and structures. Ten inclusive communication recommendations are made based on the data.
Occupational health screening during Gurkha Central Selection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wong Andrew Ka Ho , Paton M , Dalbahadur P , Williams A M , Semakula F , Sweeney C , Smith M , Parsons I T
Published: September 2022

Objective

The selection process to the British Army’s Brigade of Gurkhas is rigorous, demanding and competitive. The ethos of recruitment to the Gurkhas is grounded in an overarching tenant: that selection is free, fair and transparent. The aim of this study was to retrospectively review reasons for potential recruits (PRs) to be deemed medically unsuitable or deferred suitability on medical grounds for selection to the Brigade of Gurkhas.

Methods

A retrospective review was conducted by extracted data from published post-exercise reports for the past four years to ascertain numbers of PRs deemed medically fit, medically unsuitable or deferred suitability on medical grounds. The International Classification of Disease version 11 (ICD-11) codes were retrospectively assigned to code medical reasons for non-progression. Rates of medical non-progression were compared by year.

Results

A total of 3154 PRs were analysed between 2018 and 2021. There was no significant difference between PRs deemed medically fit and those deemed medically suitable or deferred on medical grounds over the study period (p=0.351). There was a significant difference in the ratio of PRs deferred on medical grounds and those deemed medically unsuitable over the study period (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Selection to the Gurkhas is extremely competitive. These data demonstrate that, overall, reasons for medical deferral or unsuitability have remained constant despite the impact of a global pandemic. These data reinforce the central tenant of Gurkha selection; that it continues to be free, fair, and transparent.
Motives, frequency, predictors and outcomes of MRA discontinuation in a real-world heart failure population
Authors: Jonsson Holmdahl Anna , Wessberg Gustav , Norberg Helena , Söderström Adrian , Valham Fredrik , Bergdahl Ellinor , Lindmark Krister
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) reduce mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but are largely underused. We evaluated the frequency, motives, predictors and outcomes of MRA discontinuation in a real-world heart failure population.

Methods and results

This was a single-centre, retrospective cohort study where medical record-based data were collected on patients with HFrEF between 2010 and 2018. In the final analysis, 572 patients were included that comprised the continued MRA group (n=275) and the discontinued MRA group (n=297). Patients that discontinued MRA were older, had a higher comorbidity index and a lower index estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Predictors of MRA discontinuations were increased S-potassium, lower eGFR, lower systolic blood pressure, higher frequency of comorbidities and a higher left ventricular ejection fraction. The most common reason for MRA discontinuation was renal dysfunction (n=97, 33%) with 59% of these having an eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m2, and elevated S-potassium (n=71, 24%) with 32% of these having an S-potassium >5.5 mmol/L. Discontinuation of MRA increased the adjusted risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.48; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.05; p=0.019).

Conclusions

Half of all patients with HFrEF initiated on MRA discontinued the treatment. A substantial number of patients discontinued MRA without meeting the guideline-recommended levels of eGFR and S-potassium where mild to moderate hyperkalaemia seems to be the most decisive predictor. Further, MRA discontinuation was associated with increased adjusted risk of all-cause mortality.
Consolidation theory of slurry dewatered by permeable geotextile tube with distributed prefabricated drains
Authors: Zhang Hao , Geng Xue-yu , Sun Hong-lei , Deng Yong-feng , Liu Si-jie , Cai Yuan-qiang
Published: September 2022

Introducing the prefabricated horizontal drains (PHDs) into the permeable geotextile tubes has been reckoned as an efficient and economical method of dewatering slurries with high water contents. However, its application is limited by the poor understanding of the fundamental consolidation mechanism, often resulting in overconservative designs. With the proposed two-dimensional plane-strain consolidation model, a semi-analytical solution calibrated by laboratory test results is obtained. Furthermore, parametric analyses, for example, PHD pave rate, and element aspect ratio, along with the soil anisotropy coefficient, are also conducted to achieve the optimum design requirement. A critical condition corresponding to the optimum effectiveness of this consolidation technique is found, beyond which the consolidation efficiency decreases gradually. The greater the abovementioned parameters are, the later and milder the efficiency reduction occurs. The consolidation efficiency can keep at a high level until the end of consolidation when the values of these parameters are great enough. In the end, design charts and design recommendations are provided with immediate benefits for practical engineers.
Three-dimensional large deformation modeling of landslides in spatially variable and strain-softening soils subjected to seismic loads
Authors: Liu Yong , Chen Xuejian , Hu Miao
Published: September 2022

Landslide is a common dynamic large-deformation disaster of mobilized soils, which poses a serious threat to the lives and economic properties of surrounding people. Both the strain-softening effect and spatial variability of soil are reported to have significant impacts on landslide behaviors. This study investigated the coupled effect of strain softening and spatial variability on the occurrence, evolution, and runout behavior of landslides induced by seismic loads, using three-dimensional (3D) large-deformation finite-element method. The results show that both the strain-softening behavior and spatial variability of soil dramatically affect the sliding velocity and runout distance. Their coupled effect further weakens the soil strength, resulting in a larger runout distance. Secondly, the runout distance in the 3D deterministic analysis is always smaller than the minimum value in the corresponding random analysis, which completely differs from the result from the two-dimensional (2D) analysis. This finding indicates that 2D analysis can result in a conservative estimation on the runout distance for spatially variable soils and highlights the advantages of 3D modeling on landslides. Thirdly, a linear formula was proposed to quantify the runout distance based on the horizontal peak acceleration, which can provide some guidelines for the safety design in practical slope engineering.
Energy extraction via magnetic reconnection in Lorentz breaking Kerr–Sen and Kiselev black holes
Authors: Carleo Amodio , Lambiase Gaetano , Mastrototaro Leonardo
Published: September 2022

Black holes can accumulate a large amount of energy, responsible for highly energetic astrophysical phenomena. Although the Blandford–Znajek is considered to date the leading mechanism for powering jets and GRBs, recently fast magnetic reconnection (MR) of the magnetic field was proposed as a new way to extract energy. In this paper, we investigate this phenomena in a bumblebee Kerr–Sen BH, which differentiates from standard Kerr solution via a Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter $$\ell $$
ℓ
and an electric charge one b. We find that the presence of the charge parameter strongly changes the simple Kerr case, making this extraction mechanism possible even for not extremely rotating black holes ($$a\sim 0.7$$

a
∼
0.7

). We also show that, under appropriate circumstances, MR is more efficient compared to the Blandford–Znajek mechanism. We finally compare these results with dark energy (quintessence) black-hole solutions. In this case, we find that a Kerr black hole is indistinguishable from a rotational Kiselev one, whatever the energy-matter that surrounds it (including ordinary matter, such as dust and radiation).
Resummed Higgs boson cross section at next-to SV to $${\mathrm{NNLO}}+ {\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}}$$
Authors: Ajjath A. H. , Mukherjee Pooja , Ravindran V. , Sankar Aparna , Tiwari Surabhi
Published: September 2022

We present the resummed predictions for inclusive cross section for the production of Higgs boson at next-to-next-to leading logarithmic ($${\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}}$$

NNLL
¯

) accuracy taking into account both soft-virtual ($$\mathrm{SV}$$
SV
) and next-to SV ($$\mathrm{NSV}$$
NSV
) threshold logarithms. We derive the N-dependent coefficients and the N-independent constants in Mellin-N space for our study. Using the minimal prescription we perform the inverse Mellin transformation and match it with the corresponding fixed order results. We report in detail the numerical impact of N-independent part of resummed result and explore the ambiguity involved in exponentiating them. By studying the K factors at different logarithmic accuracy, we find that the perturbative expansion shows better convergence improving the reliability of the prediction at $${\mathrm{NNLO}} + {\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}}$$

NNLO
+

NNLL
¯

accuracy. For instance, the cross-section at $${\mathrm{NNLO}} + {\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}}$$

NNLO
+

NNLL
¯

accuracy reduces by $$3.15\%$$

3.15
%

as compared to the $$\mathrm{NNLO}$$
NNLO
result for the central scale $$\mu _R = \mu _F = m_H/2$$

μ
R

=

μ
F

=

m
H

/
2

at 13 TeV LHC. We also observe that the resummed $$\mathrm{SV} + \mathrm{NSV}$$

SV
+
NSV

result improves the renormalisation scale uncertainty at every order in perturbation theory. The uncertainty from the renormalisation scale $$\mu _R$$

μ
R

ranges between $$(+8.85\% ,-10.12\%)$$

(
+
8.85
%
,
-
10.12
%
)

at $$\mathrm{NNLO}$$
NNLO
whereas it goes down to $$(+6.54\% , - 8.32\%)$$

(
+
6.54
%
,
-
8.32
%
)

at $${\mathrm{NNLO}} + {\overline{\mathrm{NNLL}}}$$

NNLO
+

NNLL
¯

accuracy. However, the factorisation scale uncertainty is worsened by the inclusion of these NSV logarithms hinting the importance of resummation beyond $$\mathrm{NSV}$$
NSV
terms. We also present our predictions for $$\mathrm{SV} + \mathrm{NSV}$$

SV
+
NSV

resummed result at different collider energies.
Influence of basement fabrics on fault reactivation during rifting and inversion: a case study from the Celtic Sea basins, offshore Ireland
Authors: Rodríguez-Salgado P. , Childs C. , Shannon P. M. , Walsh J. J.
Published: September 2022

The evolution of rift basins is often influenced by the reactivation of pre-existing structures, a response that is partly controlled by the angular relationship between fault strike and the subsequent extension/compression axes. In the Celtic Sea basins, offshore Ireland, Caledonian and Variscan structures form a heterogeneous basement for rifting in the Triassic–Jurassic and Cretaceous and for later Pyrenean inversion in the Paleogene. Using 2D and 3D seismic reflection data, we evaluate the impact of a range of pre-existing structures on the style of deformation within basin margin and basin axis settings. The earlier Triassic–Jurassic rift phases arising from NW–SE extension exploited the NNE–SSW-, NE–SW- and ENE–WSW-trending basement structures. By contrast, Cretaceous rifting, with a dominant north–south extension direction, generated newly formed, roughly east–west-trending normal faults, which interacted with pre-existing faults that were only reactivated when they were at >45° to the extension direction. During basin inversion arising from north–south compression, orthogonal extensional faults and highly oblique basement structures were reactivated as reverse and strike/oblique slip faults, and together interacted with the newly formed strike-slip faults. Combining constraints from multiple deformation phases, this study highlights the reactivation response of variably oriented faults to changing extension and compression vectors, and the associated changes in fault behaviour and mode of fault formation.

Supplementary material:
The location of regional 2D seismic reflection lines and a detailed description of the seismic interpretation are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6168279
Service learning and self-efficacy in exercise science: outcomes of a community fitness training program involving undergraduate Exercise Science students
Authors: Cleveland Kris M. , Peterson Scott A.
Published: September 2022

This study was done to investigate the effect of a structured fitness training experience on Exercise Science students’ self-efficacy for fitness assessment and exercise prescription. Our results indicate a significant improvement in self-efficacy from pretest to posttest. Students also reported improved confidence in their fitness assessment and exercise prescription skills. Community members reported a positive experience with students’ knowledge of fitness assessment and exercise prescription and their progression to independence in a home exercise program.
Adaptation in auditory processing
Authors: Willmore Ben D. B. , King Andrew J.
Published: September 2022

Adaptation is an essential feature of auditory neurons, which reduces their responses to unchanging and recurring sounds and allows their response properties to be matched to the constantly changing statistics of sounds that reach the ears. As a consequence, processing in the auditory system highlights novel or unpredictable sounds and produces an efficient representation of the vast range of sounds that animals can perceive by continually adjusting the sensitivity and, to a lesser extent, the tuning properties of neurons to the most commonly encountered stimulus values. Together with attentional modulation, adaptation to sound statistics also helps to generate neural representations of sound that are tolerant to background noise and therefore plays a vital role in auditory scene analysis. In this review, we consider the diverse forms of adaptation that are found in the auditory system in terms of the processing levels at which they arise, the underlying neural mechanisms, and their impact on neural coding and perception. We also ask what the dynamics of adaptation, which can occur over multiple timescales, reveal about the statistical properties of the environment. Finally, we examine how adaptation to sound statistics is influenced by learning and experience and changes as a result of aging and hearing loss.
[Retracted] Extraction of Music Main Melody and Multi‐Pitch Estimation Method Based on Support Vector Machine in Big Data Environment
Authors: Liang Shaoru , Shu Ran
Published: September 2022

Main melody extraction and multi‐pitch estimation are two important research topics in the MIR field. In this article, the SVM algorithm is used to analyze and discuss music melody extraction and multi‐pitch estimation. In the part of multi‐fundamental frequency extraction, this article first filters the song signal with equal loudness and weakens the energy of the high‐frequency and low‐frequency parts of the song signal. Thereafter, the multi‐resolution short‐time Fourier transform suitable for processing song signals is introduced. In addition, in order to avoid the sharp jump of the estimated melody pitch in the same note duration range, this article proposes a main melody extraction method combining the SVM algorithm with dynamic programming. In this article, more features are used to distinguish the pitch contour of vocal fundamental frequency from that of the nonvocal fundamental frequency, which does not only depend on energy or a certain feature. The experimental results show that the lowest octave error of this method is 1.46. Meanwhile, the recall rate of the algorithm can reach about 95%. This method not only improves the recall rate of the fundamental frequency of the human voice but also improves the recall rate and pitch accuracy rate of the whole main melody extraction system.
Serum Sestrin2 Was Lower in Septic Shock Patients with Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Huang Rongjin , Chen Feng , Zeng Aiying , Ke Jun , Lin Shirong
Published: September 2022

Background. To determine the clinical significance of variations in serum sestrin2 protein levels in the development of septic cardiomyopathy in septic shock patients. Methods. The serum sestrin2 concentrations of each sample were determined using ELISA in a total of 67 control persons and 188 patients with septic shock. Furthermore, using transthoracic echocardiography, septic shock patients were split into two groups based on whether or not cardiomyopathy had developed, and the differences in each index between the two groups were analyzed. We looked at the relationship between serum sestrin2 levels, norepinephrine dosage, and NTproBNP levels. The influencing variables for the prediction of septic cardiomyopathy linked with the development of septic cardiomyopathy and clinical prognosis in septic cardiomyopathy were determined using multivariate binary logistic regression. Results. Assessment of left ventricular systolic function by measurement of LVEF revealed that 61/188 (32.4%) of the 188 patients with septic shock included in the research satisfied the diagnostic criteria for septic cardiomyopathy. (1) Sestrin2 protein levels showed a significant difference between septic shock and healthy controls (

p
<
0.01

). (2) Compared to the group without septic cardiomyopathy, the group with combined septic cardiomyopathy had lower serum sestrin2 protein levels (

p
<
0.05

), lower systolic blood pressure (

p
<
0.05

), and higher plasma NTproBNP levels (

p
<
0.01

) and used greater norepinephrine dosages (

p
<
0.01

). The levels of serum sestrin2 protein revealed a little negative relationship with NTproBNP and norepinephrine dose. However, a binary logistic regression analysis revealed that none of these factors was an independent predictor of septic shock. (3) Age, lactate level, SOFA score, positive bacteremia, and sestrin2 protein were shown to be substantial discrepancies in clinical outcomes in patients with septic cardiomyopathy, becoming variables that impact clinical outcomes. Positive bacteremia (

p
=
0.031

, OR = 5.084), SOFA score (

p
=
0.021

, OR = 1.304), and sestrin2 protein (

p
=

 

0.039

, OR = 0.897) were revealed to have independent influences in predicting clinical mortality outcome in septic cardiomyopathy using multivariate binary logistic regression. Conclusion. High serum sestrin2 levels clearly distinguish septic shock patients from healthy controls, whereas low serum sestrin2 levels are related with cardiac dysfunction to some extent but are not an independent influence factor for septic cardiomyopathy. Low serum sestrin2 levels were shown to be useful in predicting clinical outcome in patients with septic cardiomyopathy.
Comparison of Coulomb Impurity, Longitudinal Acoustic Phonons, and Surface Optical Phonons Affecting the n = 0 Landau Level in Monolayer Graphene
Authors: Ji W. H. , Yang H. T. , Ban S. L.
Published: September 2022

The influences of a charged Coulombic impurity with screened effect and carrier-phonon interaction on the n = 0 Landau level in monolayer graphene with a polar substrate under a high static magnetic field are discussed to compare the competition among the impurities, the longitudinal acoustic phonons in the graphene plane and the surface optical phonons on the substrate. A method of linear combination operators is used to deal with the position and momentum of a carrier in a magnetic field. The method of Lee-Low-Pines variation with an arbitrary carrier-phonon coupling is adopted to derive the effects of phonons. It is found that the energy gap of n = 0 Landau level opened by carrier-longitudinal acoustic phonons cannot be the main mechanism, whereas both the carrier-surface optical phonon interaction and the carrier-impurity interaction play the main roles in determining the energy splitting.
The Effects of Six Weeks of Endurance Training and CGRP Inhibition on Nrf2 and AKT Expression in the Hippocampal Tissue of Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Zare Maryam , Nayebifar Shila , Aminizadeh Soheil , Vahidian-Rezazadeh Majid
Published: September 2022

Purpose. To study the effects of a six-week endurance training protocol and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibition on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and protein kinase B (PKB) or AKT expression in the hippocampal tissue of male Wistar rats. Main Methods. Building on a controlled experimental design with a posttest, 28 healthy Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=7per group), including control, control+CGRP inhibition, endurance training, and endurance training+CGRP inhibition groups. The training groups were trained for six weeks. Rats in the CGRP inhibition group received CGRP receptor antagonist daily (0.25 mg/kg) via intravenous (IV) injection. The Nrf2 and AKT (PKB) expression was measured using the real-time PCR technique. Results. In the endurance training group, Nrf2 expression in the hippocampal tissue was increased significantly more than in other groups (P<0.05). There was also a significant increase in the AKT expression in the endurance training group compared to the control group (P=0.048) and in the endurance training+CGRP inhibition compared to the control group (P=0.012). In addition, there was no significant relationship between AKT (PKB) and Nrf2 (r=−0.27,n=28,P=0.16). Conclusion. Endurance training alone has been able to increase Nrf2 and AKT (PKB) mRNA levels in the hippocampal tissue, considering that endurance training had no significant effect on AKT and Nrf2 expression after adding to CGRP inhibition.
On the Application of BIM Technology and Neural Network Algorithm in the Study of Energy-Saving Optimization of the Envelope Structure of Assembled Buildings in the Western Sichuan Plain
Authors: Li HuaDong , Li XuXiang , Jiang Ying , Wei Chuan
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of the economy, carbon neutral and carbon peak are on the agenda in China, and the reform of intelligent construction and assembly building is in full swing in the Chinese construction industry. In order to further explore and study the relationship between the textural structural issues of the envelope structure and the overall energy consumption situation of the house, and further bridge the gap between the actual energy-saving design scheme and the actual application scheme, therefore, this paper takes a certain place as a research object to study the phenomenon of design assembly energy saving, based on dozens of assembly building enterprises researched, selected samples of envelope components studied, selected BIM technology for premodeling optimization, used neural network algorithm for analysis of influencing factors, and studied the application in the study of energy-saving optimization of assembly building envelope in the western Sichuan plain area, and used OpenStudio was used to build a model to simulate the heating and air conditioning load of the assembled building numerically and to fit the quantitative relationship between the variable factors and the building energy consumption. On this basis, the relationship between multifactor and single-factor variables is identified and evaluated using relevant variables means.
Gene-Based Network Analysis Reveals Prognostic Biomarkers Implicated in Diabetic Tubulointerstitial Injury
Authors: Wu Sumin , Li Wei , Chen Binhuan , Pei Xuefeng , Cao Yangjian , Wei Yuting , Zhu Ye
Published: September 2022

Background. Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a significant cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a devastating disease worldwide. Objective. The aim of this study was to reveal crucial genes closely linked to the molecular mechanism of tubulointerstitial injury in DN. Methods. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to download the datasets. Based on this, a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) network was constructed to detect DN-related modules and hub genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichments were performed on the selected hub genes and modules. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was performed on the obtained gene signature. Results. The WGCNA network was constructed based on 3019 genes, and nine gene coexpression modules were generated. A total of 57 genes, including 34 genes in the magenta module and 23 genes in the purple module, were adapted as hub genes. 61 significantly downregulated and 119 upregulated genes were screened as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). 25 overlapping genes between hub genes chosen from WGCNA and DEG were identified. Through LASSO analysis, a 9-gene signature may be a potential prognostic biomarker for DN. To further explore the potential mechanism of DN, the different immune cell infiltrations between tubulointerstitial samples of DN and healthy samples were estimated. Conclusions. This bioinformatics study identified CX3CR1, HRG, LTF, TUBA1A, GADD45B, PDK4, CLIC5, NDNF, and SOCS2 as candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of DN. Moreover, DN tends to own a higher proportion of memory B cell.
[Retracted] Performance of Emotional Cognition Education in College Students’ Psychological Health Classroom
Authors: Zheng Yinying , Yao Xiaomin , Wang Yi
Published: September 2022

With the development of modern technology, a variety of values and social thoughts based on streaming media have caused a huge impact on the field of ideology and culture, and contemporary college students are deeply affected. Nowadays, college students are very prone to problems such as lack of empathy, distorted values, and weakening of life values. College students commit suicide, homicide, and other illegal and criminal incidents due to unhealthy psychological reasons. This paper abstracts the emotional cognitive ability of college students into a psychological resilience model and then analyzes it. It is concluded that the overall applicability of college students to emotional cognition education in the psychological classroom is not high. In order to change the overall low applicability of this situation, this paper pioneers the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology to the emotional cognitive education system of college students’ psychological classrooms. Through the experiment, four results of the two psychological classroom models were obtained under different genders, different grades, different household registration types, and comprehensive conditions. The improved mode of combining the Internet of Things technology with emotional cognitive education can increase the applicability of college students to emotional cognitive education in the psychological classroom by about 6.97%. It helps to cultivate and educate the positive emotions of college students and promote the comprehensive and healthy development of college students.