bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges of prehospital aerial operations in response to earthquake hazards
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Hossein , Khankeh Hamidreza , Atighechian Golrokh , Yarmohammadian Mohammad H. , Memarzadeh Mehrdad
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUNDS:

Due to the severity of the earthquake, it may need immediate treatment and transfer of the injured people to advanced medical centers, as well as dispatch of the expert team and specialized health equipment to the accident-affected area. Aerial emergency is an important responsibility of the health care system in this situation. The study aimed to extract the prehospital emergency challenges of Iran aerial operations emergency in response to the earthquake.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was qualitative content analysis with conventional approach. Sampling was done in a purposive method and data were collected through semi-structured interview. The panel involved consists of 26 health professionals in medical emergencies. Recorded interviews were transcribed into written and then conventional content analysis was used to derive coding categories directly from the text data.

RESULTS:

Content analysis is provided 97 initial codes, 20 subcategories and 4 main categories including challenges of “response assessment,” “support,” “pre-hospital staff-management,” and “response operation,” respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results showed that the necessity to assess the affected area, staffing, and management actions, including integrated operations command and the development of a dedicated response plan, as well as the use of strategies inter-organizational coordination in the response phase to earthquake. This study also emphasized that providing standard equipment, support actions, and strengthening communication infrastructure, and updating the aerial emergency system should be considered as one of the priorities of the emergency organization of Iran to provide a desired response to the earthquake.
A qualitative approach to identify clinical uncertainty in practicing physicians and clinical residents
Authors: Bigdeli Shoaleh , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Ghanavati Shirin , Soltani Arabshahi Seyed Kamran
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:

Clinical decision-making is not only stressful to physicians, but also to patients and even their companions. Thus, managing uncertainty in clinical decision-making is essential which requires knowing its origins. Therefore, this study aimed to understand determinants of uncertainty in clinical decision-making from the perspective of clinical physicians.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This is a qualitative study which is done during October to November 2020. An in-depth interview is performed with 24 specialists of clinical groups including obstetrics, surgery, internal medicine, and pediatrics, working in teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. All the interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed according to the steps suggested by Graneheim and Lundman. The interviews were analyzed through comparative method. Then, the interviewer created initial codes, categories, and key concepts and sent them to fourteen physicians for member check.

RESULTS:

According to the participants’ view, determinants of uncertainty in clinical decision-making consisted of three themes: individual determinants, dynamics of medical sciences, and diagnostic and instrumental constraint. Individual determinants can be related to the physician or patient. The dynamics of medical sciences could be explained in two categories: variation of medical science and complexity. Diagnostic and instrumental constraint category could be also explained in subcategories such as lack of efficient diagnostic tests and unknown etiology.

CONCLUSION:

To curb uncertainty, the more accessible way is considering interventional programs with a focus on individual determinants related to physicians, such as strengthening doctor–patient relationships, and considering related mandatory retraining courses to reduce insufficient knowledge of physicians.
Mini clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX)
Authors: Batra Pooja , Batra Ravi , Verma Niket , Bokariya Pradeep , Garg Shreyak , Yadav Sneha
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:

The mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX) is a formative assessment tool designed to provide feedback on skills essential to good medical care by observing an actual clinical encounter. However, the bigger advantage of mini-CEX is the structured feedback that it provides to the students as well as the faculty, thus helping them to make better decisions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This study was a cross-sectional observational study. Sixteen surgery residents volunteered for participation and five professors conducted sessions; hence, 80 mini-CEX encounters. Seven core clinical skill assessments were done, and the performance was rated on a 9-point scale (grouped into unsatisfactory, satisfactory, and superior). Immediate feedback to the residents was given by the faculty. Delayed feedback from faculty and residents regarding the perception of mini-CEX was taken. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for inferential statistics.

RESULTS:

As planned, 80 (100%) mini-CEX encounters were conducted. Surgery residents showed improvement that was statistically significant in the competencies of medical interviewing skills, physical examination skills, humanistic qualities/professionalism, and counseling skills. Most of the faculty (80%) were able to identify the gaps in the knowledge of students and areas of improvement for their teaching. However, 60% of the faculty felt that it required more effort than traditional methods. The mean time taken by the assessor for observation and feedback to residents was 12.51 min and 5.68 min, respectively. The mean scores of evaluator satisfaction and resident satisfaction with mini-CEX sessions were 6.04 and 7.49, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Mini-CEX improves the learning environment in residency and also leads to improvement in medical interviewing skills, physical examination skills, humanistic qualities/professionalism, and counseling skills. It is done in the actual patient encounter and hence prepares the resident better for dealing with patients in the future.
The impact of lifestyle stressors, menstrual pattern, and cardiometabolic risk factors on young females with cholelithiasis
Authors: Balakrishnan Grrishma , Iqbal Tubah , Uppinakudru Gurunandan , Fernandes Ryan , Bangera Shobith , Dutt R. Aswini
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:

Lifestyle and nutritional transitions in the society driven by globalization have led to the rising burden of cholelithiasis. The present study was done to assess the impact of lifestyle, stress, menstrual pattern, and cardiometabolic risk factors on young females with cholelithiasis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A hospital-based case–control study was conducted on young females of 18–45 years. Cases and age-matched controls were compared on their lifestyle parameters like demography, marital status, occupation, educational status, family income, stress along with menstrual pattern, cardiometabolic parameters like anthropometric measures, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and lipid profile. Chi-square test and unpaired t-test were used for the analysis of data using SPSS software, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

The majority of the cases were from rural areas, married, homemakers leading a comparatively sedentary lifestyle consuming more red meat, less literate, and belonged to a lower economic group with significantly more stress compared to controls. The age of menarche, neither the regularity nor irregularity of the menstrual cycle (regular cycle 21–35 days), showed any difference, but cases had significantly more pregnancies and usage of oral contraceptives compared to controls. Waist–height ratio, systolic BP, FBS, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher in cases. Cases had a 14.4 times more risk of developing metabolic syndrome when compared with controls.

CONCLUSION:

Married, rural, less literate Indian women leading a sedentary lifestyle, consuming more of red meat, and soft drinks with increased psychosomatic stress are more prone to develop cholelithiasis. Women who use hormonal contraceptives have increased occurrence of cholelithiasis and they were more prone to develop metabolic syndrome. The need for the hour is health education, to implement simple lifestyle changes, thereby decreasing the incidence of cholelithiasis in young females.
The correlation between nursing students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors, cardiovascular disease risk factors’ knowledge level, and obsession symptoms
Authors: Baykal Dilek , Kutlu Leman , Demir Burcu D.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:

Nursing students have a role in the awareness of risk factors in the development of healthy lifestyle behaviors. Nursing students’ awareness of disease risk factors plays a role in developing healthy lifestyle behaviors. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the effect of nursing students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular disease risk factors’ knowledge levels and obsessive–compulsive symptoms.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Two hundred and twenty-four students studying in the nursing departments of two foundation universities participated in the study between April and October 2020. Sociodemographic information form, Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF-KL), and Maudsley Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) were applied to the students.

RESULTS:

It was found that the nursing students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors (123.53 ± 25.78) and cardiovascular risk factors’ knowledge level (21.08 ±± 2.70) were high. Obsessive–compulsive symptoms (16.12 ± 6.22) were moderate. In the correlation of sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that age correlated with the nutrition subdimension of CARRF-KL and HPLP-II, income level correlated with HPLP-II, place of residence correlated with HPLP-II, CARRF-KL, and MOCI, and having a health problem correlated with health responsibility. Income status, place of residence, and presence of health problems were found to be correlated with HPLP-II in all subdimensions in the regression analysis. In the regression analysis of HPLP-II with CARRF-KL and MOCI scales, it was found that it was significantly related to interpersonal relations, spiritual growth, stress management, and total score dimensions.

CONCLUSION:

Healthy lifestyle behaviors of nursing students are related to cardiovascular risk factors’ knowledge level and obsession symptoms. In addition, some demographic characteristics affect healthy lifestyle behaviors.
A Hybrid Approach to Multimodal Biometric Recognition Based on Feature-level Fusion of Face, Two Irises, and Both Thumbprints
Authors: Safavipour Mohammad H. , Doostari Mohammad A. , Sadjedi Hamed
Published: August 2022

Background:

The most significant motivations for designing multi-biometric systems are high-accuracy recognition, high-security assurances as well as overcoming the limitations like non-universality, noisy sensor data, and large intra-user variations. Therefore, choosing data for fusion is of high significance for the design of a multimodal biometric system. The feature vectors contain richer information than the scores, decisions and even raw data, thereby making feature-level fusion more effective than other levels.

Method:

In the proposed method, kernel is used for fusion in feature space. First, the face features are extracted using kernel-based methods, the features of both right and left irises are extracted using Hough Transform and Daugman algorithm methods, and the features of both thumb prints are extracted using the Gabor filter bank. Second, after normalization operations, we use kernel methods to map the feature vectors to a kernel Hilbert space where non-linear relations are shown as linear for the purpose of compatibility of feature spaces. Then, dimensionality reduction algorithms are used to the fusion of the feature vectors extracted from fingerprints, irises and the face. since the proposed system uses face, both right 7and left irises and right and left thumbprints, it is hybrid multi-biometric system. We c8arried out the tests on seven databases.

Results:

Our results show that the hybrid multimodal template, while being secure against spoof attacks and making the system robust, can use the dimensionality of only 15 features to increase the accuracy of a hybrid multimodal biometric system to 100%, which shows a significant improvement compared with uni-biometric and other multimodal systems.

Conclusion:

The proposed method can be used to search large databases. Consequently, a large database of a secure multimodal template could be correctly differentiated based on the corresponding class of a test sample without any consistency error.
Brain Tumor Segmentation using Hierarchical Combination of Fuzzy Logic and Cellular Automata
Authors: Kalantari Roqaie , Moqadam Roqaie , Loghmani Nazila , Allahverdy Armin , Shiran Mohammad Bagher , Zare-Sadeghi Arash
Published: August 2022

Background:

Magnetic resonance (MR) image is one of the most important diagnostic tools for brain tumor detection. Segmentation of glioma tumor region in brain MR images is challenging in medical image processing problems. Precise and reliable segmentation algorithms can be significantly helpful in the diagnosis and treatment planning.

Methods:

In this article, a novel brain tumor segmentation method is introduced as a postsegmentation module, which uses the primary segmentation method's output as input and makes the segmentation performance values better. This approach is a combination of fuzzy logic and cellular automata (CA).

Results:

The BraTS online dataset has been used for implementing the proposed method. In the first step, the intensity of each pixel is fed to a fuzzy system to label each pixel, and at the second step, the label of each pixel is fed to a fuzzy CA to make the performance of segmentation better. This step repeated while the performance saturated. The accuracy of the first step was 85.8%, but the accuracy of segmentation after using fuzzy CA was obtained to 99.8%.

Conclusion:

The practical results have shown that our proposed method could improve the brain tumor segmentation in MR images significantly in comparison with other approaches.
Comparison of Two Different Contrast Sensitivity Testing Methods in Patients with Low Vision
Authors: Altinbay Deniz , Sahli Esra , Idil Aysun
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To assess the agreement between two different contrast testing modalities using the index of contrast sensitivity (ICS) in patients with low vision.

Methods:

Thirty-eight patients with low vision were included in the study. Contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured binocularly with both the Vector vision-standardized CS test (CSV-1000E, Vector Vision Co, Greenville, Ohio, USA) and the MonPack 3 (Metrovision, France) after refractive correction for each participant. Based on the data from the two tests, the ICS was calculated. The Bland–Altman technique was used to evaluate the agreement between ICSs obtained from different test methods.

Results:

Range of best corrected visual acuity was 0.50–1.00 logMAR. According to the median logCS values, CS values were highest at 3 cycles per degree (cpd) for the CSV-1000E test and at 1.5 cpd for the Metrovision MonPack 3 test. The median ICS for CSV-1000E was −0.22 (95th percentile 4.75), and the median ICS for Metrovision MonPack 3 was 0.08 (95th percentile 1.65). The mean difference was 0.655 (between −3.82 and 5.13) within limits of agreement (LoA). The difference and mean values between the two CS test measurements were found to be within LoA range.

Conclusions:

An agreement was found between the Metrovision MonPack 3 test and the standard CSV-1000E test results in patients with visual impairment. However, the agreement range was within very wide limits. Therefore, it was thought that they may not be used interchangeability in clinical practice.
Relationship Between Postoperative Intraocular Pressure and Refractive Outcomes in Patients after Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty
Authors: Wei Wei Dayna Yong , Shen Liang , Manotosh Ray , Wee Tien Anna Tan , Hui-Chen Charmaine Chai
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To study the effect of intraocular pressure (IOP) on refractive outcomes after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Methods:

This retrospective study included eyes which underwent DALK. DALK technique involved either modified Anwar big-bubble if possible or manual anterior lamellar dissection. Our main outcome measures are postoperative IOP and refractive outcomes at postoperative week and months 1, 3, 6, and 12.

Results:

Fifty-nine eyes of 59 patients were included. DALK was performed for optical (93.2%) and tectonic (6.8%) purposes. 76.3% of the patients had keratoconus. Anwar's big-bubble technique was successful in 30 cases. Linear mixed-model was used to analyze the effect of the highest postoperative IOP measured prior to measurement of postoperative cylinder. Patients with greater maximum postoperative IOP measured had worse postoperative cylinder (P = 0.015) and spherical equivalent (P = 0.012). Those with IOP more than 21 mmHg had worse postoperative cylinder (P = 0.050) and spherical equivalent (P = 0.054). The method of DALK and presence of suture removal were not shown to statistically affect postoperative cylinder.

Conclusion:

Our study shows a positive correlation between postoperative IOP and worse spherical equivalent and cylinder post-DALK, emphasizing the need for good IOP control with IOP-lowering medication(s).
Ocular Biometric Values and Prevalence of Corneal Astigmatism in Patients Candidate for Cataract Surgery
Authors: Hashemian Seyed Javad , Hashemian Seyed Mahyar , Karimian Farid , Hadavandkhani Ali , Jafari Mohammad Ebrahim , Hashemian Mahsa Sadat , Hadi Yasaman , Semnani Fatemeh Nadjafi
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To analyze the biometric values and the prevalence of corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery candidates.

Methods:

This is a prospective study. Ocular biometric values and corneal keratometric astigmatism were measured by optical low-coherence reflectometry (Lenstar LS 900) before surgery in patients who were candidates for cataract extraction surgery. Descriptive measurements of biometric dimensions and keratometric cylinder data and their correlations with sex and age were evaluated.

Results:

Ocular biometric and keratometric values from 2084 eyes of 2084 patients (mean age 66.43, range 19–95 years) were analyzed. The mean values were as follows: corneal astigmatism 0.89 diopter (D), mean corneal keratometry 44.29 D, central corneal thickness 534 μ, internal anterior chamber depth (ACD) 3.11 mm, lens thickness 4.50 mm, and axial length 23.35 mm. Corneal astigmatism was <1.25 D in 1660 (79.5%) of eyes. Astigmatism was with-the-rule in 976 (46.8%) of eyes, against-the-rule (ATR) in 702 (33.7%), and oblique in 406 (19.5%). Analysis of corneal astigmatism revealed a change toward “ATR” with age which was not statistically significant. The ACD was correlated with age. The amount of corneal astigmatism had no correlation with age and sex.

Conclusion:

Corneal astigmatism was higher than 1.25 D in about 21% of cataract surgery candidates with slight differences between the various age ranges and had no correlation with age and sex.
Contralateral Autokeratoplasty, Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Luxated Cataract, and Flanged Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation
Authors: Saa Francisco Lucero , Cremona Federico Andrés , Cotic Mariano , Chiaradía Pablo
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To describe a case of a combined procedure including autokeratoplasty, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), and scleral intraocular lens (IOL) fixation.

Methods:

Case report.

Results:

We describe a case of an 85-year-old patient presenting a right, blind eye with a clear cornea and a left eye with acceptable visual potential but affected by bullous keratopathy, aphakia, and a posteriorly dislocated nucleus. The patient underwent a contralateral autokeratoplasty, PPV, and flanged intrascleral IOL fixation with double needle technique. After 24 months of follow-up, the graft remained clear, and the IOL was stable.

Conclusions:

Complex cases comprising anterior and posterior segments pathology sometimes require combined procedures. A shortage of corneal tissue in developing countries is common. In strictly selected cases, autokeratoplasty may be an option and is associated with fewer complications than allograft corneal transplantation. Sutureless novel techniques for intrascleral fixation of IOL have shown good results and reliable lens stability.
Differences and Limits of Agreement Among Pentacam, Corvis-St, and Iol-Master 700 Optical Biometric Devices Regarding Central Corneal Thickness Measurements
Authors: Rajabi Sattar , Asharlous Amir , Riazi Abbas , Khabazkhoob Mehdi , Moalej Alireza
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To investigate the differences and limits of agreement in measuring corneal thickness using Pentacam, Corvis, and intraocular lens (IOL)-Master 700 devices.

Methods:

This study was conducted on 37 right eyes of 21 males and 16 females (n= 37) with a mean age of 52.11 ± 6.30 years. The central corneal thickness was measured using three optical biometric devices, including Pentacam, Corvis, and IOL-Master 700. The inclusion criteria were normal eyes without any ophthalmological abnormalities, history of ocular pathology, or ocular surgery. The data obtained from these three devices were compared two by two. The correlation and agreement limits among them were analyzed using statistical techniques.

Results:

The mean standard deviation differences between Pentacam and Corvis, Pentacam and IOL-Master 700, as well as Corvis and IOL-Master 700 regarding the corneal thickness measurement, were 22.13 ± 8.05, 7.91 ± 8.02, and 14.21 ± 9.85 μm, respectively, which were statistically significant (P< 0.0001). Based on the investigation of the limits of agreement according to the Bland Altman method, the corresponding values between Pentacam and Corvis, Pentacam and IOL-Master 700, and Corvis and IOL-Master 700 were -16.2 to +15.4, -15.8 to +16.3, and -20.1 to +20.0 μm, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients of the measurements obtained by Pentacam and Corvis, Pentacam and IOL-Master 700, as well as Corvis and IOL-Master 700 were determined 0.957, 0.964, and 0.948, respectively (P< 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The results from this study indicate that the interchangeable use of these three devices is not appropriate due to statistically significant differences and broad limits of agreement among the three devices, especially between Corvis and IOL-Master 700.
Evaluation of Systolic Time Intervals in Patients of Ischemic Heart Disease with Clinical Heart Failure
Authors: Seetharam Smitha Pernaje , Vinutha Shankar M S , Reddy Niranjan
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Left ventricular (LV) systolic function evaluation is based on ejection fraction assessment. Due to the great sensitivity of the examination and the ease of measurement, systolic time intervals (STIs) are ideally appropriate for studying the effects of pharmacologic agents upon the heart. In this context, the present study aimed to estimate and compare STI in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) with clinical heart failure and among control subjects without clinically established LV dysfunction based on their LV ejection fraction (LVEF).

Materials and Methods:

This case–control study included 33 IHD patients as cases and 32 healthy subjects as controls. All subjects underwent pulsed-Doppler echocardiogram to estimate STIs: total electromechanical systole (QS2), preejection period (PEP), and LV ejection time (LVET).

Results:

A significant difference between PEP (145.23 ± 23.20 vs. 82.99 ± 8.63, P < 0.00001), LVET (231.34 ± 40.89 vs. 265.39 ± 31.98, P = 0.000947), and PEP/LVET ratio (0.63 ± 0.15 vs. 0.31 ± 0.08, P < 0.00001) between cases and controls was found. On subgroup analysis, a weak correlation was found in patients with LVEF ≤40% and PEP/LVET (r = −0.3677, P = 0.1958). In addition, a relatively strong correlation between LVET and heart rate (r = −0.432, P = 0.012) was found among the cases.

Conclusion:

The current study results showed that the differences in the values of STI among cases than in controls could be an indicator of LV systolic dysfunction. In addition, this method may have impending applications in the management of IHD.
Perceived Sleep Quality and Quantity before Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kiran H S , Gowthami T
Published: August 2022

Background:

Sleep plays a vital role in disease prevention and rejuvenation. Diet and exercise are emphasized in the prevention of diseases, whereas sleep is often overlooked. The consequences of poor sleep often go unnoticed. Insufficient and poor sleep has been associated with various health problems and is considered an important risk factor. The objective of this study was to explore the association between perceived sleep quality and quantity before acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Materials and Methods:

It was a prospective observational study. Thirty hospitalized patients of acute coronary syndrome with an index event of first-time MI satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was administered to the patients. Other basic investigations done for the diagnosis and work-up of the cases by the treating doctors were noted and data were analyzed.

Results:

In our study, the mean Global PSQI score was 7.16 (standard deviation = 3.79). In our study, based on Global PSQI scores (based on the details of the past 1 month before acute MI), sleep quality was found to be “POOR” (Global PSQI score >5) in 23 (76.7%) patients with acute MI which was statistically significant (Spearman's Rho: r = 1) and “Good” (Global PSQI score <5) in 7 (23.3%) patients. All the patients >60 years of age had poor sleep quality. The average duration of sleep was 5 h 30 min. The majority of the patients (71%) with acute MI slept for <6 h which was statistically significant (Spearman's Rho: r = –1).

Conclusion:

This pilot study, based on PSQI, establishes the association between perceived sleep quality and quantity and acute MI.
Complementary Therapeutic Effect of Polyherbal Supplement (Gasca D™) on Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Lifestyle Modification: A Randomised Cohort Clinical Trial
Authors: Ibrahim Salihu Ismail , Kabir Nafisatu , Ibrahim D. Gezawa , Abdullahi Amina Umar , Bashir Chedi , Fakhraddeen Yahya Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Our previous studies have shown that Gasca D™; a polyherbal formulation made from three well known antidiabetic plants in Nigeria, possess anti-hyperglycemic, body weight and blood lipid lowering potentials in rats. In view of this, the present study was therefore designed to evaluate the complementary therapeutic efficacy of Gasca D™ supplementation with lifestyle modification in a clinical setting. The randomized cohort trial was conducted in sixty (60) newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients on life style modification as first-line therapy who willingly volunteered to participate. The subjects that satisfy our inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into Gasca D™ (GG) and lifestyle (LG) groups. The GG group received 2000 mg Gasca D™ capsules daily over a twelve weeks period whereas the LG group received none. Biochemical estimates were conducted on subjects to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the polyherbal supplement at the end of the intervention period. Mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) showed a decrease of 23.4% (p < 0.05) in the GG group contrary to a 9.6% mean FBS observed in the LG (p < 0.05) group. Variation in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was in line with that of FBS. Safety of Gasca D™ was demonstrated by a normal renal and liver function profile in both groups. Our finding suggests that, Gasca D™ can successfully be used as an effective and safe complementary nutraceutical for the control of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic patients on life style modification.
Identification and characterization of microbial community of anaerobic digested poultry litter
Authors: Zobeashia Stella Suanu Leh-Togi , Abioye Peter Olabisi , Ijah Udeme Joshua Josiah , Oyewole Oluwafemi Adebayo
Published: August 2022

Livestock farming have resulted in the release of excessive wastes which, contains abundant organic matter and microbial population. The need to develop an alternative and sustainable methods to minimize the waste generated and it effects on the environment led to the application of anaerobic digestion (AD) for the treatment of waste and generation of methane gas. The study focused on investigation of the microbiome involve in AD of poultry litter and was conducted using poultry litter as organic substrate under batch conditions at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of fifty-six (56) days in fifteen (15) liter fabricated digesters at 37OC. The pH, total solid (TS), moisture content (MC) total ammonia nitrogen, volatile solid (VS) was assessed before and after digestion while the microbial community diversity was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results indicated a pH of 7.91±0.04 before digestion and 7.33±0.06 after digestion and a TS value of 56.40±0.6% before digestion and 6.30±0.34% after digestion. A collective biogas yield of 5.21±21.00 bars were recorded. The characterization of biogas analyzed with non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas analyzer (gas board 3100p) revealed a percentage methane content of 50.31±1.33. The microbial community indicate Bacteroidetes (46.37%), Firmicutes (48.37%), Proteobacteria (8.17%), as the most dominant phylum. This study suggests the importance of molecular analysis as a fundamental tool to gain insight and deeper understanding of anaerobic digester performances.
EXAMPLE OF USING 3D PRINTERS IN HOSPITAL BIOMEDICAL UNITS
Authors: ŞAHİN Mehmet Erhan
Published: August 2022

Along with the developments in the industry, the Three-Dimensional (3D) printer technology, which came to the fore at the end of the 1980s, has started to be used in many areas and has taken an important place in our lives. The prototype of the final version of a product designed with the help of Computer Aided Design (CAD) programs can be easily produced. 3D printers; They are involved in areas such as automotive and machine production in order to develop prototypes in the industry, developing course materials in education, planning of surgical operations in the field of health, production of artificial organs and orthotic prosthesis applications in biomedicine. In this study, 3D printers in the biomedical units in hospitals, the production of new ones instead of the broken parts, and their usage areas are included. In this context, the static analysis of the broken keypad of the ultrasound device was made. Accordingly, the model was created using computer software and the production was carried out with a 3D printer. An example of the usage areas of 3D printers is presented. In addition, the cost of the keypad is reduced by manufacturing it one by one instead of replacing it as a whole.
Pesquisa e Extensão como estratégias de articulação popular durante a Pandemia: formação coletiva sobre a questão da mineração
Authors: Antonino Lucas Zenha , Santos Rocha Valdirene , Germani Guiomar Inez , Montalvão Pablo
Published: August 2022

A expansão da fronteira mineral contribui para o recrudescimento dos conflitos da mineração que repercutem, sobremaneira, no campo, atingindo as populações em sua diversidade. Os conflitos minério-agrários resultam de um modelo mineral pautado na capitalização da natureza e na exploração dos seus bens. Esse contexto demanda dos movimentos de luta uma resistência, cada vez mais qualificada, que consiga compreender as contradições atreladas ao capital mineral e enfrentar as injustiças que atingem seus territórios de vida. Nessa perspectiva, diante dos desafios impostos pela pandemia provocada pelo Coronavírus, a Articulação de Enfrentamento ao Modelo Mineral em Defesa da Vida na Bahia realizou a atividade de dextensão intitulada Ciclos de Formação: Impactos e Realidades do Modelo Mineral na Bahia. Este manuscrito apresenta uma experiência de formação coletiva, desenvolvida no formato virtual e realizada em três ciclos: I – O que é, como funciona e para que serve a CFEM?; II – Questão Hídrica e Mineração na Bahia; e, III – O uso do Sistema de Informação Geográfica da Mineração. Os resultados demonstraram a importância das atividades de pesquisa e extensão para o processo de formação, mobilização e articulação das bases comunitárias, em torno dos interesses comuns, e o crescente apelo social pela temática.
Симболички сукоби око причешћа у Србији за време пандемије
Authors: Јовановић Милош
Published: August 2022

Испрва замишљена као зборник више текстова, ова књига је требало да носи наслов Истраживања из социологије сазнања. Како је одмицало разматрање симболичких сукоба везаних за ритуал причешћа у време пандемије КОВИД-19, постало је јасно да та тема нуди обиље материјала и захтева анализу која би по обиму и сложености била довољна за посебну монографију. Рад на прикупљеној грађи био je готово у потпуности интерпретативног карактера, ако се изузме поглавље где су анализирани квантитативни подаци који се односе на религиозност, поверење и задовољство радом институција добијени у анкетним истраживањима спроведеним у Србији током 2020. и 2021. године. Важно је да се напомене да током писања ове књиге није постојала намера да она буде студија о томе која је од сукобљених страна у праву, односно која је од њих у поседу истине (а која у заблуди), те не би требало да се чита у том кључу. Ова књига се бави симболичким структурацијама стварности, где је „стварност“ схваћена у складу са Хусерловом1 (Edmund Husserl), односно Шицовом (Alfred Schütz) опаском „да je значење наших искустава/доживљаја, а не онтолошка структура предмета/објеката, оно што конституише стварност“ (Schutz 1962: 230).2 Ако некоме боље или савременије звучи: ова књига се бави дискурзивним конструкцијама симболичких структура и поредака. У вези са тим, још једна, не мање битна примедба која би требало да предупреди неке од могућих неспоразума: репрезентације света треба (аналитички) одвојити од онога што људи чине и како то чине у својим свакодневним животима. Текст који следи ће се бавити овим првим – представама „стварности“. Проналажење врсте односа и начина повезивања представа и конкретних делања и пракси било би предмет једног новог емпиријског истраживања. Оно би могло да буде наставак овде изложеног.
Las marcas coloniales en la escuela. Una mirada filosófica- educativa de escuelas primarias del sur de Mendoza
Authors: Quiroz María Milena
Published: August 2022

La siguiente investigación explora y atiende algunas preocupaciones sobre la escuela moderna. Ésta pareciera conformada de manera exclusiva como función de formar seres para el futuro, el desarrollo y el progreso acumulativo. Este estudio aborda tal delimitación, propone una reflexión filosófica educativa sobre las presencias y ausencias en la escuela y busca producir conocimiento crítico acerca de las formas de habitarla. Para ello se procede a la construcción de un marco teórico que toma en consideración las categorías de pedagogía de la presencia y pedagogía de la ausencia como nociones que habilitan la deconstrucción de saberes, prácticas y tiempos pedagógicos para otras formas de habitar la escuela. Desde el marco que ofrecen las epistemologías del sur y a partir de la comunidad de indagación propuesta por la Filosofía con niños/as y jóvenes se estudian dos comunidades educativas del sur de Mendoza. Se ingresa al estudio de campo con cuatro categorías – pedagogía, comunidad de indagación, buen vivir o vivir bien y colonialidad – y esta última, es el motivo del artículo. A partir de la conceptualización que ofrece Aníbal Quijano se busca identificar cómo se presenta en las escuelas la colonialidad, sus marcas; aquellas inscripciones y vestigios del patrón de poder colonial presentes en las dinámicas escolares, y es bajo tres formas que se identifican: colonialidad de la ausencia, colonialidad de la cuna y colonialidad de las valoraciones y las prácticas. Tales ofrecen un cierto mapa de coligación de huellas del patrón de poder colonial y posibilitan considerar prácticas que abren la comprensión del mundo.
Legal Political Analysis in The State Budget (State Accountability)
Authors: Kristhy Mutia Evi , Siswanto Dadang , Ketaren Datman
Published: August 2022

Accountability is still a major issue in the public sector in Indonesia. Lack of responsibility is very visible, and over time, it has become the dominant aspect of organizational culture, especially in budget management. This research aims to review the Political Analysis of Law in the State Budget (State Accountability). The research method used in this study is qualitative with the literature review. The results show that inherently, politicians are vulnerable to taking advantage of the government's position to enrich themselves, their colleagues and their relationships. Therefore, to maximize the budget so that it is right on target, on time, and with the right quality, it is necessary to supervise the Financial Supervisory Agency (BPK), which has an important role in carrying out audits of the management and state financial responsibility.
Audit of Attendance Information System with Fingerprint Using Cobit 4.1 Framework at PT DSN
Authors: Salsabilla Alda Tasya , Amelya Fitri Risca Amrizal , Sururi Rifky Ahmad , Setiyawan Rochmat
Published: August 2022

The Fingerprint attendance system helps companies control employee working hours more efficiently and improve operational work activities using computerized tools, which can record the attendance list of each company employee. They were conducted following the COBIT Framework 4.1 standards for IT governance. It is necessary to conduct an audit to evaluate the information system's current governance. The research focuses on the sub-domains of AI4, DS1, DS4, DS5, DS10, and ME2. This research uses observation, interview and literature techniques. The data analysis technique used is Maturity level. From the results of the study, it was found that DS5 was at the level of 3.02; DS4 and DS10 were at level 3 (Defined Process); DS1 was at the level of 2.8; AI4 was at level 2.7 (Repeatable but Intuitive); while ME2 is at the level of 1.7 (Initial/ad Hoc). The highest score is on DS5 (Ensure Systems Security) with a value of 3.02, and the lowest is on ME2 (Monitor and Evaluate Internal Control) with a value of 1.7
Determinants of Commercial Bank Performance with Guarantee Interest as Moderating Variables in Banks Listed on IDX 2016 – 2020
Authors: Hartanto Dhanang , Syarif Andam Dewi
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze and examine the effect of the Efficiency Ratio (BOPO), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Size (SIZE) with LPS Guarantee Interest Rate (SBP) as a moderating variable on the Return On Assets (ROA) of Commercial Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. The sampling method used is purposive sampling, including the observation of 38 commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2020. The statistical analysis method used is a descriptive quantitative method with the type of data being time series and cross-section using moderated regression analysis method (MRA). The results showed that the determinants of Operating Costs with Operating Income (BOPO) and Guarantee Interest Rate (SBP) had a positive and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), Non Performing Loans (NPL) had a significant negative effect on Return On Assets (ROA). The Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Bank Size (SIZE) do not affect Return On Assets (ROA). The results of the Moderating Guarantee Interest Rate (SBP) moderate the effect of Operating Costs with Operating Income (BOPO) and moderate the effect of Non-Performing Loans (NPL) on Return On Assets (ROA). It is believed that the Guaranteed Interest Rate (SBP) has force power as a determinant of the level of profitability or performance of the bank, either directly or indirectly.
Community Participation in Covid-19 Prevention and Transmission
Authors: Ganjar UngguL Pamenang  , Prihanto Prihanto
Published: August 2022

Community participation in Covid-19 prevention and transmission is very important, because the community is not only the object but also the subject in handling Covid-19. Community participation can provide benefits in preventing and handling Covid-19; it will reduce morbidity and mortality in the area. The purpose of this literature review is to know the role of the community in Covid-19 prevention and transmission. The method used is literature review. Community participation in Covid-19 prevention and transmission is not only the responsibility of each individual or health worker but it is the responsibility of the entire community. Community participation that is carried out actively and participatively will make of the success of the programs that are being carried out become higher and maximally. The community is not only an object but also a subject in every program or activity that is being carried out. Efforts are being made to increase community participation, namely through socialization, counseling or health education and discussions. These activities will provide knowledge and insight for the community, and the main point is that it will raise public awareness to be actively involved and take part in the success of activities that are being carried out for the common interest, creating a healthy community, avoiding the spread and transmission of Covid-19.
Correlation between Knowledge of Online Learning Methods and Students’ Motivation During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: C. Ermayani Putriyanti  , Caecilia Titin Retnani  , Masruchi  , Prihanto
Published: August 2022

The Covid 19 pandemic has many impacts on various aspects of life of the Indonesian people; one of which is education. One crucial change is in learning methods, which shifts from face to face (offline) to online learning methods). Students need to adapt to the changes because some students have never used online learning methods. The shifting learning method could affect students’enthusiasm for learning, particularly for students who have never used this method before. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between knowledge of online learning method and learning motivation of nursing students. The research design was cross-sectional. The research respondents were 112 nursing students from four universities in Central Java and Yogyakarta, that were taken by stratified random sampling method. The inclusion criteria are Diploma 3 Nursing students, age 18-25 years old, and students who are undergoing online learning. Data were collected using google form questionnaire which has been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis used were univariate test for respondent characteristics, and correlation test using Spearman Rho. The results show that the characteristics of respondents are mostly at the age of 18-20 years (81.25%), the educational background of high school is 64.3%, and students who are also working are 2.7%. The most widely used application for online learning is Whatsapp (87.5%). The level of student knowledge is mostly good (54.5%), whereas other 33.9% respondenst are having sufficient knowledge, and 11.6% other are lack of knowledge about online learning. While the level of learning motivation is 0% weak motivation, 33.9% moderate motivation and 59% strong motivation. The correlation between knowledge of online learning method and learning motivation is significant, as shown by the p-value of 0.001 (p<0.005). As conclusion, during the Covid 19 pandemic, students who have good knowledge of learning method have significantly strong learning motivation.
Oral Health Status among Children between the Ages of 12 and 15 Attending Government and Private School Systems in Bareilly City
Authors: Gautam Nandita
Published: August 2022

Background: Statistics on the oral health status of children from various socioeconomic backgrounds are available through assessments of children’s oral health status in public and private schools. The current study’s objective is to evaluate and compare the levels of oral hygiene, gingival health and caries experience among students attending government and private schools in Bareilly City.

Subjects and Methods: The study participants were selected using a stratified random sample technique combined with cluster sampling. The oral hygiene state, gingival status and caries experience of 12 and 15-year-old students from three public and private schools were evaluated and compared. Three qualified and calibrated investigators used a mouth mirror and explorer while doing the test outside in the daytime.

Results: The research observes 604 kids in all, 331 from the government and 273 from private homes. Kids attend government schools had a mean Oral Hygiene Index that was Simplified (OHIS) that was greater (2.9 [1.1]) than kids attending private schools (0.6 [0.4]). Children attending government schools had higher mean gingival scores and mean decaying, missing and filled tooth than those attending private schools. Students at government schools were far more likely to have poor oral hygiene, mild to severe gingivitis and caries encounter.

Conclusion: Compared to children attending government schools, students who attend private schools had a considerably lower rate of oral illnesses. Therefore, in any statewide school oral health programs that are proposed, children from government schools should be given preference over those from private schools.
A Rare Presentation of Solitary Giant Neurofibroma
Authors: Ranjan Rahul
Published: August 2022

Neurofibroma is common benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor. It may occur anywhere in the body. Including skin and soft tissue, nervous system muscle and skeleton and visceral organ. Solitary neurofibroma is rare in the giant type. We are presenting a rare case of solitary giant gluteal neurofibroma, which was first confirmed with true cut biopsy which was completely excised afterwards and histopathological confirmation was performed. This case had no generalised neurofibromatosis. Presentation, diagnostic features, imaging and treatment are represented here.
COULD AFFECT THE ROOTING OF TWO TAXUS BACCATA VARIETIES STEM CUTTING LENGTH AND PROPAGATION PERIOD?
Authors: Szekely-Varga Zsolt , Kentelky Endre
Published: August 2022

Ornamental trees are used worldwide in landscape design. Taxus baccata L. is an evergreen non-resinous tree, often with multiple trunks and spreading, pyramidal or rounded canopy. It can be propagated generatively and vegetatively. Nurseries mostly prefer to propagate them by vegetative way, because this type of method is quicker and the newly propagated plants inherit the genetics of the mother plants. In this study we have selected two varieties of Taxus baccata `Repandens` (TBR) and T. baccata `Fastigiata Aurea` (TBF), in which different length stem cuttings (5–10, 10–20, and 20–25 cm) were obtained and propagated in two different periods (May and July). From our results could be concluded that TBR rooting percentage increased at the collected cuttings in May and at 10–20 cm size. On the other hand, at TBF cuttings rooting percentage reported significant increases at 5–10 cm, also at the cuttings collected in May. In conclusion, our research suggests that Taxus baccata cuttings could obtain a higher rooting percentage when they are collected in May, moreover the length of the cuttings could be an influencing factor.