bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Forest Biomass and Carbon Storage in Habitat 9340 Quercus ilex L. to Support Management Decisions for Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Ispikoudis Stefanos , Zianis Dimitris , Tziolas Emmanouil , Damianidis Christos , Rapti Dimitra , Tsiros Emmanouel , Michalakis Dimitrios , Karteris Apostolos
Published: February 2024

The assessment of forest biomass has been a focus of research, aiming to understand matter–energy relationships in forest ecosystems and address forestry practice issues. In recent decades there has been increased societal interest in rational forest resource exploitation, necessitating accurate biomass estimation. In Greece there has been limited efforts in estimating forest biomass, and the current study focuses on habitat type 9340, “Quercus ilex and Quercus rotundifolia forests,” located in the protected areas “GR1420004–Karla–Mavrovouni–Kefalovryso Velestinou–Neochori” and “GR1430001–Oros Pilio and Paraktia Thalassia Zoni (Mount Pilion and Coastal Sea Zone)” in the Natura 2000 network. The habitat falls within the thermo-Mediterranean zone and the study aims to estimate the biomass and carbon storage to contribute to sustainable EU forest strategies. Due to resource limitations, a generalized allometric equation was proposed as an alternative to traditional biomass estimation methods. The above-ground biomass per hectare was estimated, ranging from 16.10 to 205.27 Mg ha−1 (mean 61.91 Mg ha−1). Furthermore, two approaches were used to estimate the total biomass in the habitat: regional averages based on spatial distribution and spatial interpolation using a geographic information system. The total estimated biomass for habitat 9340 is 183,505 Mg, with the carbon storage in standing dry biomass amounting to 83,725.25 Mg. Despite the absence of sampled biomass specimens, this study combines robust statistical techniques with published empirical values to provide a solid framework for estimating assimilated CO2. Sequestered CO2 in the study area is estimated at 306,992.58 Mg. Therefore, the significant role of Quercus ilex L. in carbon storage in Mediterranean forest ecosystems is highlighted by sequestering a substantial amount of CO2.
Traffic-Calming Measures as an Instrument for Revitalizing the Urban Environment
Authors: Leonardi Salvatore , Distefano Natalia
Published: February 2024

With the advent of rapid urbanization, cities are confronted with increasingly complex challenges [...]
Ethnobotanical Investigation of Mimusops zeyheri, an Underutilized Indigenous Fruit Tree in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Matlala Maropeng Erica , Ndhlovu Peter Tshepiso , Mokgehle Salmina N. , Otang-Mbeng Wilfred
Published: February 2024

In developing countries, the livelihoods of millions of households heavily rely on wild fruit products to meet their basic needs. With its many nutritious assets, Mimusops zeyheri could, therefore, be valued as a natural resource for fighting hunger, poverty, malnutrition and food insecurity in developing countries. Indigenous fruit trees remain underutilized and harvested in the wild, with few cultivated sustainably. The study aimed to explore and document the various uses of M. zeyheri. Using face-to-face, semi-structured questionnaires, an ethnobotanical survey was collected among 53 participants using purposive sampling in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Descriptive statistics and ethnobotanical indices, such as Use Value (UV) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), were used for analysis. M. zeyheri was reported to have various uses, which included but was not limited to food and medicine. It was found that the most commonly used plant components were fruits (47%) and leaves (22%). Decoction (39%) was the most popular method of preparation. M. zeyheri has become scarce in the surveyed communities, presumably due to extensive habitat destruction caused by population increases. Therefore, due to its scarcity, it does not significantly improve the livelihoods or overall well-being of local communities. This study suggests that M. zeyheri could improve food and economic security if thoroughly investigated and cultivated on a large scale.
Green versus Grey Framing: Exploring the Mechanism behind the Negative Footprint Illusion in Environmental Sustainability Assessments
Authors: Gorissen Karen , Weijters Bert , Deltomme Berre
Published: February 2024

Given the complexity of assessing the environmental sustainability of products, consumers rely on cognitive strategies to simplify complex information and develop quick judgments, often referred to as heuristics, when processing eco-information. One of these heuristics is called ‘the Negative Footprint Illusion’: Consumers erroneously estimate the total environmental impact of a combination of a green and non-green product as lower than the same non-green product alone. In this research, we test this bias and explore its underlying mechanism. We evoke a more summative vs. more evaluative mindset by framing the response scales negatively (in terms of environmental damage, referred to as ‘grey scaling’) vs. positively (in terms of environmental friendliness, referred to as ‘green scaling’). This is carried out by using an online between-subject experiment in which respondents either respond on an evaluative response scale (green scaling), or a summative response scale (grey scaling). A hamburger and bio-apple were used as stimuli (either shown together or apart). First, the results show that the negative footprint is only apparent in the green scaling condition. Second, respondents who score higher on environmental concern show a stronger negative footprint illusion for the green scaling condition. Our study not only elucidates the cognitive mechanisms driving the negative footprint illusion but also offers strategic directions for both theoretical advancement and practical applications in environmental decision-making, highlighting effective ways to mitigate this bias.
Sustainable Food Consumption: Social Representations of Definitions, Drivers, and Obstacles
Authors: Genova Carlo , Allegretti Veronica
Published: February 2024

The topic of food is one of the main terrains of the debate about sustainability, with reference to all the components of food systems. At present, a vast body of literature exists about what can be considered as sustainable food products, as well as about drivers and obstacles connected with the consumption of these products. On the contrary, little research exists about the representations of these elements developed by potential consumers. On the basis of qualitative research in Turin, Italy, the aim of this article is to reflect upon what individuals mean by sustainable food products, what they think about the drivers at the basis of their consumption, and what, in their opinion, the main obstacles for potential consumers are in adopting these products. These are the main findings of this research. Regarding the definition of sustainability of food products, research showed that the scientific literature identifies two main dimensions, environmental and economic; in contrast, for potential consumers, the environmental dimension takes priority. Moreover, in the literature, food sustainability is mainly evaluated considering all the five phases of the food chain (production, processing, distribution, consumption, disposal); while potential consumers focus primarily on production and processing, only partly on distribution, and neglect the other two phases. Considering drivers and obstacles of sustainable food consumption, the scientific literature identifies six drivers: environment and health, the main ones, followed by human rights, taste/quality, culture, relationships; and four main potential obstacles: availability and cost first of all, and then competences and culinary habits/traditions. Potential consumers, instead, regarding drivers give priority to environment, and add fashion and identity construction dynamics; regarding obstacles, focus on cost and on competences, do not identify the products’ availability or culinary habits and traditions as relevant factors, and add a reference to the creation of social networks among consumers where information and competences are shared as potential facilitators.
The Importance of Lassa Fever and Its Disease Management in West Africa
Authors: Reyna Rachel , Littlefield Kirsten , Shehu Nathan , Makishima Tomoko , Maruyama Junki , Paessler Slobodan
Published: February 2024

Lassa virus (LASV) is a zoonotic pathogen endemic throughout western Africa and is responsible for a human disease known as Lassa fever (LF). Historically, LASV has been emphasized as one of the greatest public health threats in West Africa, with up to 300,000 cases and 5000 associated deaths per year. This, and the fact that the disease has been reported in travelers, has driven a rapid production of various vaccine candidates. Several of these vaccines are currently in clinical development, despite limitations in understanding the immune response to infection. Alarmingly, the host immune response has been implicated in the induction of sensorineural hearing loss in LF survivors, legitimately raising safety questions about any future vaccines as well as efficacy in preventing potential hearing loss. The objective of this article is to revisit the importance and prevalence of LF in West Africa, with focus on Nigeria, and discuss current therapeutic approaches and ongoing vaccine development. In addition, we aim to emphasize the need for more scientific studies relating to LF-associated hearing loss, and to promote critical discussion about potential risks and benefits of vaccinating the population in endemic regions of West Africa.
Enhanced Runoff Modeling by Incorporating Information from the GR4J Hydrological Model and Multiple Remotely Sensed Precipitation Datasets
Authors: Mo Chongxun , Su Qihua , Lei Xingbi , Ma Rongyong , Huang Yi , Feng Chengxin , Sun Guikai
Published: February 2024

Reliable runoff modeling is essential for water resource allocation and management. However, a key uncertainty source is that the true precipitation field is difficult to measure, making reliable runoff modeling still challenging. To account for this uncertainty, this study developed a two-step approach combining ensemble average and cumulative distribution correction (i.e., EC) to incorporate information from the GR4J (modèle du Génie Rural à 4 paramètres Journalier) hydrological model and multiple remotely sensed precipitation datasets. In the EC approach, firstly, the ensemble average is applied to construct transitional fluxes using the reproduced runoff information, which is yielded by applying various remotely sensed precipitation datasets to drive the GR4J model. Subsequently, the cumulative distribution correction is applied to enhance the transitional fluxes to model runoff. In our experiments, the effectiveness of the EC approach was investigated by runoff modeling to incorporate information from the GR4J model and six precipitation datasets in the Pingtang Watershed (PW; Southwest China), and the single precipitation dataset-based approaches and the ensemble average were used as benchmarks. The results show that the EC method performed better than the benchmarks and had a satisfactory performance with Nash–Sutcliffe values of 0.68 during calibration and validation. Meanwhile, the EC method exhibited a more stable performance than the ensemble averaging method under different incorporation scenarios. However, the single precipitation dataset-based approaches tended to underestimate runoff (regression coefficients < 1), and there were similar errors between the calibration and validation stages. To further illustrate the effectiveness of the EC model, five watersheds (including the PW) of different hydrometeorological features were used to test the EC model and its benchmarks. The results show that both the EC model and the ensemble averaging had good transferability, but the EC model had better performance across all the test watersheds. Conversely, the single precipitation dataset-based approaches exhibited significant regional variations and, therefore, had low transferability. The current study concludes that the EC approach can be a robust alternative to model runoff and highlights the value of the incorporation of multiple precipitation datasets in runoff modeling.
The Spatiotemporal Variation and Historical Evolution of Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediments from the Pearl River Estuary, China
Authors: Ma Yu , Ma Yuan , Zhang Weijie , Zhang Hao , Li Tuanjie , Kong Dingjiang , Xu Chunling , Shi Huaming , Xu Xin , Wang Di
Published: February 2024

Many tributaries of the Pearl River carry large amounts of terrestrial pollutants into estuarine areas. Heavy metals accumulate in estuarine sedimentary environments, and coupled and changing biogeochemical processes occur in estuarine areas. The results of this study showed that the heavy metal contents in the sediment were the highest near the confluence of the Humen and Jiaomen outlets in 2005 and 2019; they were the second-highest near the remaining outlets, and gradually decreased toward the lower reaches, with high contents on the western shore and low contents on the eastern shore. The heavy metal pollution mainly originated from the Pearl River runoff. The historical evolution of heavy metals in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) effectively reflected the impacts of pollutant inputs from the river basin as well as industrial and agricultural production and anthropogenic activities in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). In 2019, the surface sediments were not contaminated with Hg, and the Pb and Zn contents decreased significantly, indicating significant advances in environmental management; however, the Cu and Cd levels still indicated heavy pollution level in the upper reaches.
Recent and future distribution of the alien Chinese pond mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) on the European continent
Authors: Mehler Knut , Labecka Anna M. , Sîrbu Ioan , Flores Natasha Y. , Leuven Rob S. E. W. , Collas Frank P. L.
Published: February 2024

The alien freshwater mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) has rapidly spread throughout Europe over the past decades. This species can cope with a broad range of environmental conditions and has a high reproductive capacity making S. woodiana a successful invader. Due to its negative effects on native freshwater mollusk communities and parasitized fish it is critical to identify suitable habitats where S. woodiana may persist and how these habitats may be altered under future climate projections. We applied multivariate ordination methods to analyze the space-time relationship and a maximum entropy approach (MaxEnt) to predict the recent (1970–2000) and future (2041–2060 and 2081–2100) distribution of S. woodiana using environmental and climate variables for the European continent. After first sightings in 1979 there were only a few new locations and findings which increased unevenly and exponentially to a maximum of about 100 new locations per year followed by decline during the last few years. Under recent climate condition, 2.3% of European watersheds are predicted as highly suitable habitat for S. woodiana and located in the temperate climate zone between 40°N and 60°N. Suitable habitat was associated with lowland watersheds characterized by fluviatile deposits and agriculture. Elevation, the distance between water bodies, land cover and mean temperature of the coldest quarter were the main factors influencing the modeling results. For future climate scenarios, highly suitable habitat increased to 2.4% by the middle of this century and decreased to 2.2% by the end of the century under the ‘least radiative forcing’ scenario. For the intermediate and high radiative forcing in 2050 and 2100, highly suitable habitat decreased to 2.2% and 1.7% and to 2.2% and 2.2%, respectively. Results from our study can be used as a baseline to better understand potential invasion pathways, identify high risk areas, and to initiate early detection and rapid response strategies.
Adaptive mechanisms of invasion of Chthamalus challengeri (Hoek, 1883) in the trans-oceanic zone of coastal China
Authors: Chen Ningning , Liu Yan , Yuan Lin , Wu Huixian , Xue Junzeng
Published: February 2024

Chthamalus challengeri Hoek, 1883 (Crustacea, Cirripedia) is typically found in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea along the coast of China. However, until 2009, it was never seen in the East China Sea. In 2010, C. challengeri was discovered at Yangshan Port in Zhoushan, East China Sea, and it has since been found to invade several islands in the Zhoushan Islands area successfully. Although the population that invaded Yangshan Port has disappeared in recent years, the population that successfully invaded the other islands in Zhoushan has been increasing in density. To study the ecological adaptability of C. challengeri larvae from the Zhoushan Sea Area, we conducted an experiment observing the larvae’s response to different temperatures and salinity gradients. The results indicate that the C. challengeri larvae are highly adaptable to different temperatures and salinities, and under temperatures ranging from 10–25 °C and salinities of 25–35, nauplius can complete all six stages of development and reach a settlement. We found that the survival and settlement rates during larval development were highest at 20 °C and salinity 30, which could be considered the optimum conditions for C. challengeri larvae. At these conditions, it took approximately 11.5 days for the larvae to undergo development from nauplius I to complete settlement. However, lower temperatures slowed down the development rate and settlement of C. challengeri larvae to some extent, while high temperatures can directly lead to the death of C. challengeri. According to the results of this study, the settlement period of C. challengeri in a new habitat can last as long as 7 months (April to November) compared to its original environment. This extended settlement period could provide favorable conditions for the long-distance dispersal of C. challengeri and enhance its invasive ability in new habitats.
Pontederia crassipes invasiveness on Jeju island is linked to a decline in water pH and climate change-driven overwintering
Authors: Song Uhram , Oh Seok Hyeon , Kim Byoung Woo , Jeong Seonah , Rim Hojun
Published: February 2024

Freshwater ecosystems are vulnerable to the invasion of exotic aquatic plant species because of the great likelihood of the introduction of exotic species, and the lack of barriers that block introduced species. Water hyacinth, Pontederia crassipes Mart., is one of the world’s most invasive alien plant species damaging freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Here, we monitored the water hyacinth population on Jeju island, Korea, to assess current invasion risks. Furthermore, we investigated how water hyacinth affects water pH because pH is an important determinant of the distribution of other aquatic plants, and thus a good indicator of aquatic ecosystem health. Water containing water hyacinth had a pH of 5.3, while that with water hyacinth and soil had a pH of 4.8 72 hours after the start of the experiment. Water hyacinth extracts contained shikimic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid, which are possible compounds that caused a decline in water pH. Water hyacinth also inhibited the growth of the aquatic plant species, Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna perpusilla. These results imply that invasion of water hyacinth adversely impacts the abiotic and biotic characteristics of aquatic ecosystems. Moreover, monitoring the water hyacinth population suggests that this invasive aquatic plant overwinters on Jeju island. Therefore, regular monitoring and subsequent control of water hyacinth population can prevent its expansion in the aquatic habitats of Jeju island and the southern region of the Korean peninsula.
Técnicas de Impresión 3D Para Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas de Países en Desarrollo
Authors: Pérez Baltar Ana Belén , Bracho Rodríguez Alina María , Bracho Rodríguez Amanda Isabel , Ortega Arana Junior Anthony
Published: February 2024

Cada día la tecnología obliga a ir innovando en los procesos de producción ofreciendo diferentes metodologías de fabricación aplicables en infinitas oportunidades de negocios, en la Industria 4.0, este término involucra la incorporación de tecnologías digitales,  relacionadas con la conexión a internet  en los procesos de producción, y en ésta, sobresale la Manufactura Aditiva, esta reúne tecnologías basadas en la fabricación de objetos simétricos por medio de la adición de material entre ellas la impresión 3D. Tomando como referencia lo antes mencionado, este trabajo estará enfocado en identificar las organizaciones llámesele a éstas Pymes que han visto la forma de reconducir o de crear nuevas líneas de producción utilizando manufactura aditiva (Impresión 3D) en Latinoamérica y principalmente Ecuador. La metodología empleada en la realización del estudio sigue la aproximación conocida como "Desk Research". Esta metodología implica un proceso de búsqueda y selección de material documental para generar conocimiento a partir de la evidencia de investigaciones previas. Aunque en Ecuador hay varias empresas dedicadas a la impresión 3D, la tecnología como tal no está explotado a fondo, en la actualidad Ecuador esta fomenta el aprendizaje sobre la Industria 4.0, sin embargo, todo apunta que no es suficiente para estar a la línea de otros países de Latinoamérica, por ende, es necesario fortalecer la cultura tecnología desde lo gubernamental, la academia y el sector económico.
Kidney Failure Events, Cardiovascular Disease Events, and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with IgA Nephropathy in a Real-World Database
Authors: Lerma Edgar V. , Thakker Kamlesh M. , Bensink Mark E. , Lieblich Richard , Bunke C. Martin , Gong Wu , Rava Andrew R. , Wang Kaijun , Amari Diana T. , Oliveri David , Murphy Michael V. , Cork David M.W. , Velez Juan Carlos Q.
Published: February 2024

Key Points

In our US real-world cohort study of patients with IgA nephropathy, elevated proteinuria and progression to kidney failure (KF) were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease/mortality events.

Elevated pre-KF proteinuria was also associated with progression to KF/mortality events.

Incremental costs associated with CKD stage, nephrotic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease events and of these events were high.

Background

IgA nephropathy (IgAN)–associated glomerular injury leads to proteinuria, hematuria, and progressive loss of GFR, with progression to kidney failure (KF). This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic effects of proteinuria and progression to KF on cardiovascular disease (CVD)/mortality events and KF/mortality events in the United States.

Methods

We conducted a noninterventional, retrospective cohort study in adult patients with IgAN using Optum's deidentified Market Clarity Data (January 1, 2007, to March 31, 2021). Adult (age ≥18 years) patients with at least two signs, disease, symptoms natural language processing term entries for IgAN, within 180 and ≥30 days apart within the identification period were included. Outcomes were assessed by time-dependent proteinuria (≥1 versus <1 g/d) and KF status (pre versus post). Descriptive statistics were used for categorical and continuous variables. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent predictors were used to estimate differences across groups.

Results

Patients with pre-KF status and proteinuria ≥1 g/d were more likely to have a CVD/mortality event during follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio [HR; 95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.80 [1.12 to 2.89]; P < 0.001) or a KF/mortality event (adjusted HR [95% CI]: 2.10 [1.73 to 2.56]; P < 0.001). Patients with post-KF status were more likely to have a CVD/mortality event during follow-up (adjusted HR [95% CI]: 3.28 [2.82 to 3.81]; P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Elevated proteinuria and progression to KF were associated with a higher risk of CVD/mortality events. Elevated pre-KF proteinuria was also associated with progression to KF/mortality events. On the basis of our real-world retrospective database analysis, we hypothesize that novel IgAN therapies that reduce proteinuria and slow the rate of progression to KF have the potential to reduce CVD risk, improve kidney outcomes, and prolong/increase overall survival.
Temporal analysis of the change in vegetation cover around the UHE Coaracy Nunes – Amapá
Authors: Schneider Juliana Cristina , Godoy Bruno Spacek
Published: February 2024

The construction of dams became necessary for national development, in wich the Amazon region, due to its great hydro-energy potential, became the country's hydroelectric frontier. The oldest region reservoir is the UHE Coaracy Nunes-Amapá, built in 1960 and operating since 1975. However, its construction generated several problems, such as loss of territoriality, difficulties in the subsistence of villages and modification of the environment. Therefore, understanding the changes that have occurred in the environment becomes relevant to knowledge, to enable recovery, preservation, conservation and local monitoring actions. In this way, the present study sought to understand if there were changes in the vegetation cover around the UHE Coaracy Nunes from 2000 to 2020. For this, remote sensing data were used. Eleven images obtained from the TM/Landsat-5, ETM+/Landsat 7 and OLI/Landsat-8 satellites were utilized, delimiting the study area with the creation of a polygon (buffer) around the UHE. Digital processing techniques were applied to these images with the support of pixel counting software. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated, making it possible to obtain the median. The results obtained demonstrate that the image processing allowed to differentiate its constituent elements (plant cover, exposed soil and water body). The calculation of NDVI medians, for scenes between the years 2000 to 2020, ranged from 0,27 to 0,53 (mean of 0,43 ± 0,09), thus, the statistical analysis showed no relationship over the years (F1,9 = 2,31 and P = 0,16), indicating that during the analyzed period there were no changes in vegetation cover on the ground. This stability may be due to the stagnation of population growth in the city, as well as the presence of the Seringal Triunfo Natural Heritage Private Reserve within the selected area. Another factor that can be attributed to this stability is the pixel count, as the surface of water bodies was not removed. However, the use of Landast satellite images, temporal sequence and the NDVI index proved to be effective tools in remote sensing, enabling the understanding of the dynamics of vegetation cover around the UHE Coaracy Nunes, thus showing its stability in the analyzed period.
Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Belarus: Incidence, Development Risks, Prognosis
Authors: Скрягина Е.М. , Калечиц О.М. , Журкин Д.М. , Глинская Т.Н. , Дюсьмикеева М.И. , Климук Д.А. , Сапрыкина Ж.А. , Ветушко Д.А. , Бобрукевич Е.Л. , Белько А.Ф.
Published: February 2024

Представлены результаты анализа эпидемиологических данных распространенности множественно лекарственно-устойчивого туберкулеза в Беларуси за 2013–2022 гг. и прогноз заболеваемости на 2023–2025 гг. На фоне ежегодного снижения общей заболеваемости туберкулезом с 47,6 до 18,2 на 100 тыс. населения удельный вес МЛУ-ТБ остается высоким как среди впервые диагностированных случаев (35,7%), так и среди ранее леченных пациентов (60,0%). Установлен риск развития и распространенности МЛУ-ТБ при наличии у пациентов с туберкулезом коморбидных заболеваний. Показана целесообразность лечения пациентов с МЛУ-ТБ в сочетании с ВИЧ-инфекцией и хроническим вирусным гепатитом С в специализированных центрах туберкулеза. Прогнозные данные свидетельствуют о дальнейшем улучшении эпидемической ситуации с туберкулезом и МЛУ-ТБ в ближайшие 3 года: общая заболеваемость туберкулезом составит от 16,7 до 13,9 на 100 тыс. населения, МЛУ-ТБ – от 6,4 до 5,6 на 100 тыс. населения.

The results of an analysis of epidemiological data on the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Belarus for 2013–2022 are presented. and incidence forecast for 2023–2025. Against the background of an annual decrease in the overall incidence of tuberculosis from 47.6 to 18.2 per 100 thousand population, the proportion of MDR-TB remains high, both among newly diagnosed cases (35.7%) and among previously treated patients (60.0%). The risk of development and prevalence of MDR-TB has been established in the presence of comorbid diseases in patients with tuberculosis. The feasibility of treating patients with MDR-TB in combination with HIV infection and chronic viral hepatitis C in specialized tuberculosis centers has been demonstrated. Forecast data indicate a further improvement in the epidemic situation with tuberculosis and MDR-TB in the next 3 years: the overall incidence of tuberculosis will be from 16.7 to 13.9 per 100 thousand population, MDR-TB – from 6.4 to 5.6 per 100 thousand population.
Assessment of Complications in Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 According to the Degree of Severity
Authors: Мамедова Х.Г.
Published: February 2024

Течение инфекции COVID-19 в основном классифицируется как легкое, среднетяжелое, тяжелое и критическое (крайне тяжелое). Были исследованы параметры периферической крови, такие как общее количество лейкоцитов, лимфоцитов, нейтрофилов, а также другие биохимические параметры крови и факторы свертывания, которые связаны с тяжестью инфекции COVID-19. Выявлены биомаркеры, предсказывающие тяжесть и исход пациентов с COVID-19. Наши результаты показывают, что тяжелая лимфопения и повышенный уровень С-реактивного белка (118,41 мг/л) связаны с тяжестью гипоксемии и прогнозируемой госпитальной смертностью. Кроме того, изменения количества лейкоцитов в течение первых 4 дней после госпитализации были в высокой степени связаны с осложнениями (pU<0,001).

The coronavirus infection 2019 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) is mainly classified as mild, moderate and severe and critical. Peripheral blood parameters such as total leukocyte count, lymphocytes, neutrophils, as well as other blood biochemical parameters and coagulation factors were investigated to be associated with the severity of the COVID-19 infection. In our presentation, the identification of biomarkers that predict the severity and outcome of patients with COVID-19 was very helpful. Our results show that severe lymphopenia and elevated C-reactive protein (118.41 mg/L) are associated with hypoxemia severity and predicted hospital mortality. In addition, changes in leukocyte count during the first 4 days after hospitalization were highly associated with complications, pU<0.001.
The Employment of Figurative Language in a Motion Picture Artwork
Authors: Fitria Nora , Ismail Nyak Mutia , Zuhra Cut Mulia
Published: February 2024

This study aimed at finding out the use of figurative language in an artwork, specifically movie called Toy Story 3. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative which provided the necessary data analysis to gain the information needed from the movie. The data soure was movie entitled Toy Story 3 with xxxx minutes in length. In collecting data, the researcher used document analysis; later in daa analysis, the interactive analysis consisting of data reduction, data display, and dat verification was employed. Te result shows that there are three types of figurative language consisted in the movie: Metaphor, Simile, and Hyperbole. The metaphors were used to describe something by comparing it with other objects, Hyperbole ws employed iin order to make the language used in the film increase a child's imagination to infinity, and Simile usage enhances the sentences to spark the curiosity of the audience—merely children. Then, it was aso found that regarding the frequency, Metaphor occurs nine times and represents 60%, Hyperbole occurs five times and represents 33%, and Simile occurs one time and represents 7%. Iin conclusion, The movie Toy Story 3 used only a few figurative speeches because the target audience is children, hence simple forms of language uses are utilized.
“[eɪ], [oʊ], [aɪ]”: A Quantitative Study on High School Students’ Errors in Pronouncing English Diphthong
Authors: Kurniasy Dessy , Idami Zahratul , Keumala Meta , Husna Nina Hayatul
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study was to find out the errors made by students in pronouncing diphthong “eɪ, oʊ, aɪ”. This study used a quantitative approach. To obtain valid data, the researchers administered a test that was carried out to 30 students as the sample taken from IX IPA 1 of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa. Based on the research, the data showed that one student made errors 6 times and got score 50, three students made errors 5 times and got score 58. Seven students made errors 4 times and got score 67, four students made errors 3 times and got score 75. Eight students made errors 2 times and got score 83. Six students made errors 1 time and got score 92. There was only one student who made no errors and got score 100. The cause of errors in pronouncing English diphthongs was revealed to be affected by interference of the mother tongue which is popular as the basic principle of contrastive analysis. The coming pre-service teachers were able to devise appropriate lesson plan in diphthong pronunciation teaching. In addition, it is also hoped that they can construct the suitable material for various levels and needs of learners.
Perbandingan Pengungkapan (Disclosure) Informasi Keuangan Di Neraca dan CALK (LKPD Aceh Barat Daya)
Authors: Alfarisyi Naupal
Published: February 2024

bstract This paper contains a comparison of the disclosure of financial information in the balance sheet and notes to the financial statements of LKPD Aceh Barat Daya. The phenomenon that appears in the disclosure is a discrepancy between the existing information and that which is disclosed to users of financial statements, including the public, which if not disclosed honestly will lead to a crisis of confidence in local governments. This paper is structured to show a comparison of disclosures and discuss how this level of disclosure relates to the confidence of local governments in providing financial information. This paper has been prepared by reviewing the literature so that it can be concluded that the disclosures in LKPD Aceh Barat Daya between the balance sheet and notes to the financial report are presented quite well. Keywords: agency theory,disclosure, signalling theory
Analisis Kepuasan Masyakarat Terhadap Alokasi BBM Bersubsidi Di Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan Aceh Barat
Authors: Febriyanti Melani , Fahlevi Mirdha
Published: February 2024

Abstract This study aims to analyze the fuel subsidized by the government, subsidized fuel is needed by the people in the district of Johan Pahlawan, especially for fishermen and people who have low incomes. Questionnaires were distributed throughout the district of Johan Pahlawan, West Aceh. Sampling was carried out by considering the representativeness of respondents from each Kec.Johan Pahlawan, as many as 47 respondents in online media. This data was analyzed by using a quantitative approach, with the technique of collecting data according to the truth and then the data was processed, compiled and analyzed by the method of descriptive statistics. Keywords: community satisfaction, subsidized fuel
Analisis Kinerja Pada Beberapa Kabupaten dan Kota Di Aceh
Authors: Amellya Shebrina , Abdullah Syukriy
Published: February 2024

Abstract PAD becomes the basis for consideration for local governments when preparing budgets that will be agreed with the DPRD. Some of the PAD targets have not been achieved, so there is a possibility of a shortage of funds to finance expenditures. When setting PAD targets, local governments inflate the target so that they can budget the same amount of spending. If the income does not reach the target, there will be a cut in spending allocation. Therefore, this research is needed to analyze how the pattern or behavior in the performance of PAD and its components. Poor performance for PAD or PAD targets not being achieved can have several meanings, one of which is that PAD targets are forced or are above potential. The DPRD or the regional head himself imposes a high PAD target because if the PAD target is high, then the allocated expenditure can also be high. PAD that exceeds the target may have agency problems, because the SKPD proposes a PAD target that is too low. Agency problems in budget changes occur when budget changes are based on fulfilling the self-interest of budget decision makers. Thus, the determination of the budget on the income and expenditure will result in a variance or difference between the budget and realization. The difference between the budget and the realization will indicate inaccuracies in setting targets in the budgeting process.Keywords: Anggaran, PAD, Realisasi, Teori Keagenan, Varian.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Keuangan dan Locus of Control Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan Mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
Authors: Ayu Novia Nella , Berlianti Nadya , Rahmi Anasril Aulia , Rodiah Siti
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan keuangan dan locus of control terhadap perilaku pengelolaan keuangan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau.  Saat ini  mahasiswa sudah mempelajari bagaimana pengetahuan keuangan dan locus of control yang sudah dipelajari dan pada penilitian ini apakah variable mempengaruhi perilaku keuangan mahasiswa tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel adalah random sampling. Uji coba instrumen dianalisis menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas dan menggunaka IBM SPSS Statistic 20, sebelum menguji hipotesis, terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji instrumen, kemudai melaksanakan uji asumsi klasik yaitu uji normalitas, uji multikolinieritas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas Dari hasil yang telah dilakukan pada pengetahuan keuangan dan locus of control terhadap perilaku pengelolaan keuangan mahasiswa  menjunjukkan hasil signifikan positif.
Dampak Pengembangan Komoditi Nilam terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Kabupaten Nagan Raya
Authors: Hernisa Frici Manza , Risma Okta Rabiana
Published: February 2024

In this study, the purpose of the research was to  see the development anda development of patchouli on the welfare of the commonity. This research was conducted in Ujong Blang Village and Blang Baro Rambong Village, Beutong District, Nagan Raya Regency. The problem is with the develpoment of patchuli , it is hoped that is can improve the commodity’s economy because there is still a large area of abandonedland with fertile soil being one of the very good potentials for patchuoli. In this study, researchers used qualitative methods, which collected data through primary and secondary data. The method used in descriptive method. Secondary data was obtained from the regional development planning agency and primary data was obtained  by direct interviews with patchuoli farmers. The respondent in this study consisted of internal. Parties, namely the Village head of Ujong Blang Village and Blang Baro Rambong Village. External parties, namery the head of the economy development planning division of the regional development planning agency of Nagan Raya Regency. Basd of the result of research on the development of the patchuoli commodity on the welfare of the commodity, the benefits can a better standard of living.
Pengaruh Inflasi dan Pendapatan Perkapita terhadap Konsumsi Rumah Tangga di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Nailufar Fanny , Jannah Miftahul , Juanda Reza
Published: February 2024

This study examined and analyzed the influence of inflation rate and per capita income on household consumption in Aceh province. This study used secondary data accessed on the Central Bureau of Statistics for 12 years (2009-2020). The method of data analysis used was the Multiple Linear Regression analysis method using Eviews 10. The results study indicated that inflation had no significant effect on Household Consumption in Aceh Province, and Per capita income had a positive and significant effect on Household Consumption in Aceh Province. Simultaneously, Inflation and Per capita Income had a significant effect on Household Consumption in Aceh Province
Analisis Trend Pengeluaran Konsumsi Pangan Di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Suriani Nisa , Noviar Helmi
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the trend of food and beverage consumption expenditure in Aceh Province. This study used secondary data, namely time series data using the least square trend analysis method. The results of this study show that food and beverage consumption expenditures in Aceh Province for 2023 are experiencing an increasing trend. The largest Food Consumption Expenditure is the Central Aceh Region, followed by the Eastern Region. The least consumption is in the South-West Region. However, it is estimated that in 2023 the growth of consumption expenditure in the South -West Aceh Region is estimated to increase relative to the other three regions.
Analisis Sistem Akuntansi Pertanggungjawaban Uang Perjalanan Dinas Di Setdakab Nagan Raya
Authors: Fitriansyah Dina , Rahmadani Ika
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the Accountability of Business Travel money in SETDAKAB Nagan Raya and whether it has been prepared by Minister of Finance Regulation No. 07/PMK.05/2008 concerning the Second Amendment to the Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 45/PMK. 05/2007, which contains official domestic travel for state officials, civil servants, and non-permanent employees. The research method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method by observing work practices at research locations to obtain primary and secondary data. The data was recorded and collected using interview techniques with Expenditure Treasurers, Assistant Treasurers, and SPPD operators to see the mechanism of the administration process for official travel money accountability. The results of this study also show that the budget for travel in the Nagan Raya region from 2018 to 2020 has experienced an increase in funding, and in 2021 there was a decrease in the budget due to budget cuts. The budget has been allocated to help residents affected by the pandemic. It has been effective and efficient in carrying out the payment of official travel money at SETDAKAB Nagan Raya.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat Pada Kantor Imigrasi Kelas II Non Tpi Meulaboh
Authors: Maya Sari Iir
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the services provided by the immigration office to the community and how much influence the quality of immigration office services has on community satisfaction. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The population in this study amounted to 400 people. While taking samples using Aricunto's opinion with a technique that contains if the population is < 100, then all of them will be sampled, but if > 100, then a sample of 10-15% or 20-25% is taken. Convenience sampling to obtain a sample of 50 people. Technique data collection used is observation, questionnaires, and literature study. The results of this study are that the services at the Bengkalis Immigration Office have been appropriately fulfilled based on the provisions of the central government. Then the service quality of the Bengkalis Immigration Office significantly affects the level of community satisfaction, with an influence percentage of 13.1%, and other variables influence the remaining 86.9%.
Analisis Pemanfaatan Beasiswa Aceh Carong Bagi Mahasiswa Politeknik Aceh
Authors: Sari Devi Mulia , Fauziah Sri Rani , Arfiani Mutia
Published: February 2024

The Carong Aceh Scholarship is one of the Aceh government programs to finance the education of the poor. The Aceh Carong Scholarship Program is given to prospective students who have good academic potential who are financially disadvantaged. Aceh Carong scholarship holders are exempt from tuition fees during their studies and receive a monthly allowance. The Aceh Carong Scholarship must be managed in such a way that scholarship recipients can use the Aceh Carong Scholarship to meet their daily needs. Scholarship recipients must put academic needs before individual needs and use these grants wisely. The focus of this research is the use of the Aceh Carong Scholarship for Aceh Polytechnic students. Efforts to obtain these answers were made by making research subjects using the snowball sampling method. Researchers collected information about the use of the Carong Aceh subsidy through observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that students use their scholarships wisely and in accordance with sharia guidelines. They use scholarship funds in a simple, economical and lawful way. They are not excessive in utilizing scholarship funds. They also set aside their scholarship funds for savings. And every time they consume it, they always pay attention to its halal status
Efektivitas Pemberian Reward Terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan PT. Delima Makmur Aceh Singkil
Authors: Atsram Hafitz , Damrus Damrus , Manan Afni Abdul
Published: February 2024

This literature discusses about the relation between leadership and accountability in local government. This study discusses how the effectiveness and influence of rewarding on improving the performance of employees of PT Delima Makmur Aceh Singkil and the form of rewarding in improving employee performance at PT Delima Makmur Aceh Singkil. The research in this article aims to describe how effective the improvement in employee performance that occurs with the reward program given to each employee who reaches the target or achieves. The type of research that the author uses is field research, in order to find data that is the subject matter under study. The author uses data collection techniques through direct interviews, online interviews, documentation and data from PT Delima Makmur. The data that has been obtained is processed with a qualitative descriptive method, followed by describing and dividing certain subject matter and describing through clear and easy-to-understand sentences. The results of research conducted by researchers in the field illustrate that the effectiveness of rewarding in improving employee performance at PT. Delima Makmur Aceh Singkil is in accordance with the target the company wants, rewards can also provide good motivation to each employee, all of that can be seen from the gradual achievement of the production of PT. Delima Makmur which continues to increase from year to year.
Analisis Biaya Produksi dalam Menentukan Harga Jual Pada UMKM di Aceh Barat
Authors: Julita Julita , Rahmazaniati Linda
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze how the calculation of the production cost of tempeh chips and determine the selling price of tempeh chips at the Home Industry of Chips and Snack Mrs. Ana in West Aceh Regency.  The research method used is descriptive quantitative method, namely the research method by collecting data that is in accordance with the actual situation and then the data is compiled, processed and analyzed. The data sources of this research are primary and secondary data. Data were collected through library research and field research such as observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study illustrate that the home industry of Mrs. Ana’s tempeh chips has calculated production costs. However, the calculations carried out are still not precise, because they still  use calculations with very simple methods, where the calculations carried out by Mrs. Ana’s home industry have not calculated in detail the costs incurred during the production process such as fixed BOP (machine maintenance costs and maintenance costs and equipment depreciation cost) and variable BOP (the cost of using gasoline or transportation cost), so that that the cost incurred are calculated  to be less for the production process, and create a higher selling price charged  to consumers, and in determining the selling price of the product, it appears  that there are still the same as business actors in general who only set the selling price according to the market.