bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate drives patterns of seed traits in Quercus species across China
Authors: Xia Ke , Daws Matthew I. , Peng Lin‐Lin
Published: March 2022

Traits enabling seeds to survive post‐dispersal desiccation and subsequently germinate are important aspects of plant regeneration for species with desiccation‐sensitive seeds. However, how desiccation and germination‐related traits co‐vary and relate to patterns of climate variation are unknown.

We investigated physiological traits related to desiccation and germination of desiccation‐sensitive seeds from 19 Quercus species, which typically dominate subalpine, subtropical and temperate forests in China.

The results demonstrate a strong relationship between climate and seed traits consistent with a hypothesis of minimizing seed death from desiccation. Seeds of subalpine species were most desiccation sensitive and died fastest when dried. These species avoided drought and cold by germinating rapidly. Subtropical and temperate oaks had more variable strategies to minimize the risk of mortality reflecting a continuum between traits that facilitate rapid germination (with the risk of rapid desiccation) and slow germination (and slow desiccation).

Across the Quercus species, the relative level of seed desiccation sensitivity, which we predicted to be important for reducing the risk of drying related mortality, was independent of climate. For desiccation‐sensitive seeds this suggests a more diverse range of strategies for minimizing desiccation risk than reported previously.
Impaired KIN10 function restores developmental defects in the Arabidopsis trehalose 6‐phosphate synthase1 (tps1) mutant
Authors: Zacharaki Vasiliki , Ponnu Jathish , Crepin Nathalie , Langenecker Tobias , Hagmann Jörg , Skorzinski Noemi , Musialak‐Lange Magdalena , Wahl Vanessa , Rolland Filip , Schmid Markus
Published: March 2022

Sensing carbohydrate availability is essential for plants to coordinate their growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, TREHALOSE 6‐PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1) and its product, trehalose 6‐phosphate (T6P), are important for the metabolic control of development. tps1 mutants are embryo‐lethal and unable to flower when embryogenesis is rescued. T6P regulates development in part through inhibition of SUCROSE NON‐FERMENTING1 RELATED KINASE1 (SnRK1).

Here, we explored the role of SnRK1 in T6P‐mediated plant growth and development using a combination of a mutant suppressor screen and genetic, cellular and transcriptomic approaches.

We report nonsynonymous amino acid substitutions in the catalytic KIN10 and regulatory SNF4 subunits of SnRK1 that can restore both embryogenesis and flowering of tps1 mutant plants. The identified SNF4 point mutations disrupt the interaction with the catalytic subunit KIN10.

Contrary to the common view that the two A. thaliana SnRK1 catalytic subunits act redundantly, we found that loss‐of‐function mutations in KIN11 are unable to restore embryogenesis and flowering, highlighting the important role of KIN10 in T6P signalling.
A Focused review on the pathophysiology of post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Authors: Maghfour Jalal , Olayinka Jadesola , Hamzavi Iltefat H. , Mohammad Tasneem F.
Published: March 2022

Post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is one of the most common disorders of acquired hyperpigmentation. It often develops following cutaneous inflammation and is triggered by various stimuli, from inflammatory and autoimmune conditions to iatrogenic causes and mechanical injuries. While it is well established that an increase in melanin production and distribution within the epidermis and dermis is a hallmark feature of this condition, the exact mechanisms underlying PIH are not completely understood. This article aims to review the current evidence on the pathophysiology of PIH as the cellular and molecular mechanism of PIH represents a promising avenue for the development of novel, targeted therapies.
Volume flexibility at responsive suppliers in reshoring decisions: Analysis of a dual sourcing inventory model
Authors: Gijsbrechts Joren , Boute Robert N. , Disney Stephen M. , Van Mieghem Jan A.
Published: March 2022

We investigate how volume flexibility, defined by a sourcing cost premium beyond a base capacity, at a local responsive supplier impacts the decision to reshore supply. The buyer also has access to a remote supplier that is cheaper with no restrictions on volume flexibility. We show that with unit lead time difference between both suppliers, the optimal dual sourcing policy is a modified dual base‐stock policy with three base‐stock levels , , and . The replenishment orders are generated by first placing a base order from the fast supplier of at most units to raise the inventory position to , if that is possible. After this base order, if the adjusted inventory position is still below , additional units are ordered from the fast supplier at an overtime premium to reach . Finally, if the adjusted inventory position is below , an order from the slow supplier is placed to bring the final inventory position to . Surprisingly, in contrast to single sourcing with limited volume flexibility, a more complex dual sourcing model often results in a “simpler” policy that replaces demand in each period. The latter allows analytical insights into the sourcing split between the responsive and the remote supplier. Our analysis shows how increased volume flexibility at the responsive supplier promotes the decision to reshore operations and effectively serves as a cost benefit. It also shows how investing in base capacity or additional volume flexibility act as strategic substitutes.
A model for wind farm management with option interactions
Authors: Bensoussan Alain , Chevalier‐Roignant Benoît , Rivera Alejandro
Published: March 2022

A renewable energy site can expand its power generation capacity by an endogenous amount but may also want to shut down to save on fixed operating costs and interest payments if the market prospects deteriorate. We model such circumstances and derive managerial implications that help us explain real‐world conundrums, illustrating the intricate interactions between the operational decision to build up capacity and the financial decision to exit an industry. Shutting down may be delayed in the hope of expanding capacity upon recovery; an expansion may also be delayed in the presence of a valuable exit option. Numerical extensions provide further managerial insights. In particular, the presence of fixed or proportional financing costs may lead the firm to delay its expansion decision, but the scale of investment will only be affected by proportional costs. If herding behavior causes equipment prices to increase (respectively, decrease) when electricity prices are high (respectively, low), managers should invest earlier (respectively, later) and more (respectively, less) while equipment prices are low (respectively, high). Furthermore, although volume swings (due to capacity decommissionings and expansions) are marked in a homogeneous industry (when the default and expansion thresholds are reached), heterogeneity in the population of wind farms smooths out such effects.
Genome‐wide identification of invertases in Fabaceae, focusing on transcriptional regulation of Pisum sativum invertases in seed subjected to drought
Authors: Morin Amélie , Kadi Fadia , Porcheron Benoit , Vriet Cécile , Maurousset Laurence , Lemoine Rémi , Pourtau Nathalie , Doidy Joan
Published: March 2022

Invertases are key enzymes for carbon metabolism, cleaving sucrose into energy‐rich and signaling metabolites, glucose and fructose. Invertases play pivotal roles in development and stress response, determining yield and quality of seed production. In this context, the repertoire of invertase gene families is critically scarce in legumes. Here, we performed a systematic search for invertase families in 16 Fabaceae genomes. For instance, we identified 19 invertase genes in the model plant Medicago and 17 accessions in the agronomic crop Pisum sativum. Our comprehensive phylogenetic analysis sets a milestone for the scientific community as we propose a new nomenclature to correctly name plant invertases. Thus, neutral invertases were classified into four clades of cytosolic invertase (CINV). Acid invertases were classified into two cell wall invertase clades (CWINV) and two vacuolar invertase clades (VINV). Then, we explored transcriptional regulation of the pea invertase family, focusing on seed development and water stress. Invertase expression decreased sharply from embryogenesis to seed‐filling stages, consistent with higher sucrose and lower monosaccharide contents. The vacuolar invertase PsVINV1.1 clearly marked the transition between both developmental stages. We hypothesize that the predominantly expressed cell wall invertase, PsCWINV1.2, may drive sucrose unloading towards developing seeds. The same candidates, PsVINV1.1 and PsCWINV1.2, were also regulated by water deficit during embryonic stage. We suggest that PsVINV1.1 along with vacuolar sugar transporters maintain cellular osmotic pressure and PsCWINV1.2 control hexose provision, thereby ensuring embryo survival in drought conditions. Altogether, our findings provide novel insights into the regulation of plant carbon metabolism in a challenging environment.
Soil organic matter storage in temperate lowland arable, grassland and woodland topsoil and subsoil
Authors: Antony Dedy , Collins Chris D. , Clark Joanna M. , Sizmur Tom
Published: March 2022

Soils are the largest terrestrial pool of organic carbon, with up to 50% of soil organic carbon (SOC) stored below 30 cm. Knowledge of the impact of land use on the mechanisms by which SOC is stored in subsoils is critical to developing and delivering strategies to mitigate climate change. We characterized SOC under arable, grassland, and deciduous woodland land uses in lowland England to determine how land use affects the mechanisms by which topsoil and subsoil SOC are protected. Soil organic matter (SOM) physical fractionation and ammonium oxalate extractable Al, Fe and Mn were analysed to elucidate protection mechanisms. Results revealed that the mineral‐free particulate organic matter (fPOM) fraction was significantly greater in both the topsoil and subsoil under woodland than under grassland or arable. The mineral‐associated organic carbon (MinOC) fraction was proportionally greater in the subsoil compared with topsoil under all land uses, with arable >grassland > woodland. These findings indicate that land use affects the extent to which SOC is protected, with woodlands containing a higher proportion of carbon that has less protection from decomposition. Subsoil SOC is protected from decomposition by organo‐mineral interactions with amorphous Al, Fe and Mn, and may be susceptible to future pH shifts as a result of land use change. This study highlights the need to consider the impact of land use change on SOC, given policy and public interest in woodland planting for climate change mitigation.
Chromosome‐level genome of Camellia lanceoleosa provides a valuable resource for understanding genome evolution and self‐incompatibility
Authors: Gong Wenfang , Xiao Shixin , Wang Linkai , Liao Zhenyang , Chang Yihong , Mo Wenjuan , Hu Guanxing , Li Wenying , Zhao Guang , Zhu Huaguo , Hu Xiaoming , Ji Ke , Xiang Xiaofeng , Song Qiling , Yuan Deyi , Jin Shuangxia , Zhang Lin
Published: March 2022

The section Oleifera (Theaceae) has attracted attention for the high levels of unsaturated fatty acids found in its seeds. Here, we report the chromosome‐scale genome of the sect. Oleifera using diploid wild Camellia lanceoleosa with a final size of 3.00 Gb and an N50 scaffold size of 186.43 Mb. Repetitive sequences accounted for 80.63% and were distributed unevenly across the genome. Camellia lanceoleosa underwent a whole‐genome duplication event approximately 65 million years ago (65 Mya), prior to the divergence of C. lanceoleosa and Camellia sinensis (approx. 6–7 Mya). Syntenic comparisons of these two species elucidated the genomic rearrangement, appearing to be driven in part by the activity of transposable elements. The expanded and positively selected genes in C. lanceoleosa were significantly enriched in oil biosynthesis, and the expansion of homomeric acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) genes and the seed‐biased expression of genes encoding heteromeric ACCase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase and stearoyl‐ACP desaturase could be of primary importance for the high oil and oleic acid content found in C. lanceoleosa. Theanine and catechins were present in the leaves of C. lanceoleosa. However, caffeine can not be dectected in the leaves but was abundant in the seeds and roots. The functional and transcriptional divergence of genes encoding SAM‐dependent N‐methyltransferases may be associated with caffeine accumulation and distribution. Gene expression profiles, structural composition and chromosomal location suggest that the late‐acting self‐incompatibility of C. lanceoleosa is likely to have favoured a novel mechanism co‐occurring with gametophytic self‐incompatibility. This study provides valuable resources for quantitative and qualitative improvements and genome assembly of polyploid plants in sect. Oleifera.
Functional divergence of a pair of Arabidopsis phospho‐base methyltransferases, PMT1 and PMT3, conferred by distinct N‐terminal sequences
Authors: Liu Yu‐chi , Tan Yue‐Rong , Chang Chin‐Wen , Nguyen Van C. , Kanehara Kazue , Kobayashi Koichi , Nakamura Yuki
Published: March 2022

In seed plants, phospho‐base N‐methyltransferase (PMT) catalyzes a key step in the biosynthesis pathway of phosphatidylcholine (PC), the most abundant phospholipid class. Arabidopsis thaliana possesses three copies of PMT, with PMT1 and PMT3 play a primary role because the pmt1 pmt3 double mutant shows considerably reduced PC content with a pale seedling phenotype. Although the function of PMT1 and PMT3 may be redundant because neither of the parental single mutants showed a similar mutant phenotype, major developmental defects and possible functional divergence of these PMTs underlying the pale pmt1 pmt3 seedling phenotype are unknown. Here, we show the major developmental defect of the pale seedlings in xylem of the hypocotyl with partial impairments in chloroplast development and photosynthetic activity in leaves. Although PMT1 and PMT3 are localized at the endoplasmic reticulum, their tissue‐specific expression pattern was distinct in hypocotyls and roots. Intriguingly, the function of PMT3 but not PMT1 requires its characteristic N‐terminal sequence in addition to the promoter because truncation of the N‐terminal sequence of PMT3 or substitution with PMT1 driven by the PMT3 promoter failed to rescue the pale pmt1 pmt3 seedling phenotype. Thus, PMT3 function requires the N‐terminal sequence in addition to its promoter, whereas the PMT1 function is defined by the promoter.
Digitising SU(2) gauge fields and the freezing transition
Authors: Hartung Tobias , Jakobs Timo , Jansen Karl , Ostmeyer Johann , Urbach Carsten
Published: March 2022

Efficient discretisations of gauge groups are crucial with the long term perspective of using tensor networks or quantum computers for lattice gauge theory simulations. For any Lie group other than U(1), however, there is no class of asymptotically dense discrete subgroups. Therefore, discretisations limited to subgroups are bound to lead to a freezing of Monte Carlo simulations at weak couplings, necessitating alternative partitionings without a group structure. In this work we provide a comprehensive analysis of this freezing for all discrete subgroups of SU(2) and different classes of asymptotically dense subsets. We find that an appropriate choice of the subset allows unfrozen simulations for arbitrary couplings, though one has to be careful with varying weights of unevenly distributed points. A generalised version of the Fibonacci spiral appears to be particularly efficient and close to optimal.
Transitivity and sensitivity of semigroup actions on uniform spaces
Authors: Renukadevi V. , Tamilselvi S.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigate several forms of transitivity and sensitivity in the dynamical system of semigroup actions. Firstly, we derive some equivalent conditions for a dynamical system to be sensitive. In particular, it is proved that an M-system with an equicontinuous point is minimal as well as equicontinuous, every syndetically transitive system with equicontinuous point is minimal as well as equicontinuous. Also, we derive equivalent conditions for a system to be almost equicontinuous in terms of sensitivity and equicontinuity. Besides, some results on point transitive and densely point transitive system on uniform spaces are obtained.
Anticipating the Biden Doctrine for the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Wu Chunsi , Gong Keyu , Xue Chen , Li Ning
Published: March 2022

Since the Biden administration took office, its approach and strategy for domestic and foreign affairs have become the focus of global attention. The new administration’s policy toward the Korean Peninsula is one of the most heatedly debated subjects among policymakers and pundits. The past four years have seen major changes in regional security architecture, the most noticeable of which are dynamics on the Korean Peninsula and intensified China-U.S. strategic rivalry. In this context, a comprehensive overhaul of Mr. Trump’s approach to global affairs is expected under a Democratic administration staffed with foreign policy veterans, and the Korean Peninsula policy will be among the most consequential decisions for Biden’s White House. President Biden’s policy toward Pyongyang will be substantially different from Trump’s approach. A bottom-up, incremental model is likely to replace Trump’s personalized diplomacy marked by flashy summit meetings and “love letters.” Existing sanctions will be maintained until the Biden administration sees substantive results regarding the North’s nuclear and missile arsenal. While keeping up the pressure to coerce Pyongyang back to the negotiating table, President Biden is expected to respond more proactively to Kim Jong-un’s overtures or “provocations” and place a high premium on policy reciprocity. The Biden team will elevate the role of Seoul and Tokyo in its strategic planning and increase trilateral coordination and consultation. Stiff competition is more likely to hinder China-U.S. coordination on the Peninsula. The tone, substance, and results of diplomatic engagement between Beijing and Washington over the nuclear issue in the early days of the new administration will give a foretaste of what could ensue on the Peninsula. Positive initial interactions may generate broader implications for China-U.S. relations, regional stability, and global security at large.
FOCAC at Twenty
Authors: Sibiri Hagan
Published: March 2022

The eighth Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in November 2021 marked two decades since the first major contemporary Sino–African meeting was held in Beijing in 2000. Despite the framework being entrenched as the principal inter-governmental and functional platform for China-Africa diplomacy and an avenue through which China’s policy toward Africa and Africa’s policy toward China is charted, doubts remain among some reviewers about the true nature of the framework. The arguable contention has been whether FOCAC is a self-interested grand machination imposed by China as the dominant actor to aid its global resurgence or African-oriented, serving the interests of Africa’s great power diplomacy in the twenty-first century. This paper maintains that both standpoints misinterpret what the forum truly represents. It argues that, contrary to the contending perspectives, FOCAC is a “bargained institutional framework” for shared impacts. Consequently, FOCAC represents a policy platform for collective engagement and serves as a knowledge production platform for developing and exchanging ideas and experiences to advance shared development goals.
Study on the Characteristics of Special Cultural Tourism Securing and Enhancing Operations Based on Big Data
Authors: Peng Peng
Published: March 2022

After entering the new century, the country’s requirements for environmental protection are increasingly stringent. Many provinces with weak industrial bases regard tourism as an important industry for economic development and make great efforts to support and promote it. In order to adapt to the changes in the demand of the tourism industry under the internet, this paper is based on the research of the characteristics of cultural tourism planning strategies under the background of big data. After analyzing the advantages of the traditional ant colony algorithm in the design of tourism routes, in order to improve the rationality of the planning of travel routes, an optimized ant colony algorithm model is established to solve the characteristic tourism planning routes, making route planning more scientific and efficient. The final simulation experiment proves that the improvement of the ant colony algorithm in this study can effectively improve the effectiveness of the route planning and formulate special tourist routes that are more popular with tourists.
Effectiveness of Combination of Chitosan Gel and Hydroxyapatite from Crabs Shells (Portunus pelagicus) Waste as Bonegraft on Periodontal Network Regeneration through IL-1 and BMP-2 Analysis
Authors: Gani Asdar , Yulianty Risfah , Supiaty Supiaty , Rusdy Machirah , Dwipa Asri Gustivanny , Eka Satya Dian , Rahayu Feblina Ayu , Achmad Harun
Published: March 2022

Background. Periodontitis can be treated by regenerating periodontal tissue using a bone graft. Several natural materials such as chitosan and minerals such as hydroxyapatite can be developed to increase periodontal tissue regeneration. Chitosan has a high potential in healing wounds. Hydroxyapatite has excellent properties such as biocompatibility, osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenesis, making it an ideal material for soft and hard tissue regeneration. Chitosan and hydroxyapatite can be obtained from the shells of crustaceans, such as crabs shells (Portunus pelagicus). Objective. To assess the effectiveness of the combination of chitosan gel and hydroxyapatite powder as a bone graft on periodontal tissue regeneration in experimental animals. Periodontal tissue regeneration was assessed by expressing inflammatory cytokine gene indicators IL-1 and BMP-2. Methods. Experimental laboratory research and clinical trials with posttest only control group design. Twenty-seven Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Then the femoral bone defect was made, the positive control group was given placebo gel, the positive control group was given BATAN hydroxyapatite, and the test group was given a combination of chitosan gel and hydroxyapatite crab shells. Wistar rats were sacrificed on days 7, 14, and 21, and the femur bone was then taken for immunohistochemical analysis to determine the levels of IL-1 and BMP-2. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Levene test, and one-way ANOVA analyzed the data. Results. On days 7, 14, and 21, the expression levels of IL-1 and BMP2 were significantly different between the three groups. The group added with chitosan gel and crab shell HA showed a faster decrease in IL-1 expression than the control group. BMP-2 expression increased in the test group compared to the control group. Conclusion. The combination of chitosan gel and hydroxyapatite inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines and increased the production of BMP-2.
Radiomics of Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Effect of Preprocessing on Features Estimation from Computed Tomography Imaging
Authors: Linsalata Stefania , Borgheresi Rita , Marfisi Daniela , Barca Patrizio , Sainato Aldo , Paiar Fabiola , Neri Emanuele , Traino Antonio Claudio , Giannelli Marco
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of image preprocessing on radiomic features estimation from computed tomography (CT) imaging of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). CT images of 20 patients with LARC were used to estimate 105 radiomic features of 7 classes (shape, first‐order, GLCM, GLDM, GLRLM, GLSZM, and NGTDM). Radiomic features were estimated for 6 different isotropic resampling voxel sizes, using 10 interpolation algorithms (at fixed bin width) and 6 different bin widths (at fixed interpolation algorithm). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated to assess the variability in radiomic features estimation due to preprocessing. A repeated measures correlation analysis was performed to assess any linear correlation between radiomic feature estimate and resampling voxel size or bin width. Reproducibility of radiomic feature estimate, when assessed through ICC analysis, was nominally excellent (ICC > 0.9) for shape features, good (0.75 < ICC ≤ 0.9) or moderate (0.5 < ICC ≤ 0.75) for first‐order features, and moderate or poor (0 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.5) for textural features. A number of radiomic features characterized by good or excellent reproducibility in terms of ICC showed however median CV values greater than 15%. For most textural features, a significant (p < 0.05) correlation between their estimate and resampling voxel size or bin width was found. In CT imaging of patients with LARC, the estimate of textural features, as well as of first‐order features to a lesser extent, is appreciably biased by preprocessing. Accordingly, this should be taken into account when planning clinical or research studies, as well as when comparing results from different studies and performing multicenter studies.
Platelet P2Y12 Inhibitor in the Treatment and Prevention of Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Fengzhi , Cao Yumeng , Liu Yanjie , Ren Zhanxiu , Li Fuyong
Published: March 2022

There have been speculation and research linking migraine with abnormalities of platelet aggregation and activation. The role of the P2Y12 platelet inhibitor in the treatment of migraine has not been established. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of the platelet P2Y12 inhibitor in the treatment of migraine and prevention of new-onset migraine headache (MHA) following transcatheter atrial septal defect closure (ASDC). We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies. The primary outcomes were the headache responder rate and the rate of new-onset migraine attacks following ASDC. Four studies for a total of 262 migraine patients with or without patent foramen ovale (PFO) and three studies involving 539 patients with antiplatelet treatment in the prevention of new-onset migraine following ASDC were included. The pooled responder rate of the P2Y12 inhibitor for migraine was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.43 to 0.81). For patients who underwent ASDC, the use of antiplatelet regimens including the P2Y12 inhibitor, compared with regimens excluding P2Y12 inhibitor, resulted in a lower rate of new-onset migraine (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.77,

P
=
0.005

). We concluded that the P2Y12 platelet inhibitor may have a primary prophylactic role in migraine patients with or without PFO and prevent new-onset MHA after ASDC. The responsiveness of the P2Y12 inhibitor could help select candidates who would benefit from PFO closure. It warrants further large-scale research to explore the role of the P2Y12 inhibitor, particularly in a proportion of migraine patients.
A Dynamic Multitarget Detection Algorithm in front of Vehicle Based on Embedded System and Internet of Things
Authors: Dou Huili , Wang Guohua
Published: March 2022

There are few studies for the classification detection and dynamic multitarget detection of the targets in front of vehicles. In order to solve this problem, a dynamic multitarget detection algorithm is proposed. First, a dynamic multitarget detection with displacement at any time is suggested; secondly, a multitarget detection algorithm based on improved You Only Look Once version 3 (YOLOv3) is proposed for the detection of multitarget high probability risk events in front of the vehicle. The YOLOv3 algorithm model is a lightweight backbone network that uses embedded real-time detection technologies. In this paper, we use a lightweight Mobilenetv2 to replace Darknet-53 for feature extraction. Moreover, an optimizer is used for multiobjective feature extraction, group normalization, and multiobjective feature extraction. The results show that in comparison with the original YOLOv3 algorithm, the detection leakage rate of the improved YOLOv3 multitarget detection algorithm is less than 5%, and the amount of model parameters in this paper is reduced by 95% as compared to the traditional data and CPU intertime is reduced to 78%.
Evolution of Green Space Based on Remote Sensing Images in Zhengdong New District
Authors: Xiao Zhetao , Tian Yunlu , Hao Lijun
Published: March 2022

With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the socioeconomic development and environmental damage in Zhengdong New District of Zhengzhou City seriously threaten the development of green space. The paper focused on Zhengdong New District and selected four important nodes in 2007, 2011, 2015, and 2019 to interpret the remote sensing image, explore the local spatial evolution through the method of land use transfer model construction, extract the green space area conversion analysis information of the study area, and analyze the influence factors of its transformation. The research shows that from 2007 to 2019, the internal structure of green space in Zhengdong New District that were cultivated land, woodland, grassland, and water bodies, its showed different trends, and the dynamic changes were different. Among them, the area of cultivated land continued to decrease, the area of construction land continued to increase, the total area of woodland increased, the area of grassland and water bodies fluctuated, and the total green space was greatly reduced; the conversion of land types in Zhengdong New District mainly focused on the conversion of cultivated land to construction land, woodland, and grassland. The results shows that the green space of Zhengdong New District is affected by social, economic, natural, and other factors and various factors interact with each other. However, social and economic development factors are obviously stronger than natural and administrative factors on the evolution of green space area.
Modeling and Dynamic Analysis for a Motion of Mounted-Based Axisymmetric Rigid Body under Self-Excited Vibrations in an Attractive Newtonian Field
Authors: El-Borhamy Mohamed , El-Sheikh Zeinab , Ali Manal E.
Published: March 2022

In this article, the mathematical modeling and dynamic analysis for a motion of a rigid body mounted on a vibrating base affected by a strongly nonlinear damping and an attractive Newtonian field are investigated. The governing equations are derived, and specific conditions for asymptotic stability of the motion are stated. Results of analytical analysis are used to identify some distinct types of motion, including the cases that are apparently regular or chaotic. A reduction technique via averaging is used to obtain the amplitude equation and the response diagrams to identify regions where the jump phenomenon may occur. Moreover, a simple analytical relationship between the parameters of the system, describing whether the jump phenomenon will be possible, is obtained. Homoclinic bifurcation diagrams are used to argue apparently that the chaotic behavior is slowly approaching a strange attractor at specific values of system parameters. Results of numerical solutions using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are closely coincided with the analytical ones to verify all types of motion.
The High Expression of Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 5 Is an Adverse Prognostic Factor in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Man , Wang Tao , Zhu Yonglin , Zhang Yanmei , Zhu Lichao , Li Xiaoxiao
Published: March 2022

Background. Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) genes are crucial for genomic DNA replication and are important biomarkers in tumor biology. In this study, we aimed to identify the diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic value of the MCM2–10 genes in patients with lung cancer. Methods. We examined the expression levels, gene networks, and protein networks of lung cancer using data from the ONCOMINE, GeneMANIA, and STRING databases. We conducted a functional enrichment analysis of MCM2–10 using the clusterProfiler package using TCGA data. The correlation between the MCM2–10 expression and lung cancer prognosis was evaluated using Cox regression analysis. The influence of clinical variables on overall survival (OS) was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. The TIMER database was used to evaluate the correlation between tumor infiltrating levels and lung cancer. Kaplan–Meier Plotter pan‐cancer RNA sequencing was used to estimate the correlation between the MCM5 expression and OS in different immune cell subgroups in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Finally, the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year predictions of LUAD were performed using nomogram and calibration analysis. Results. The expression of MCM2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10 in lung cancer was higher than that for normal samples. The MCM5 expression was associated with poor OS in patients with LUAD, and prognosis was related to TNM stage, smoking status, and pathological stage. The MCM5 expression is correlated with immune invasion in LUAD and may affect prognosis due to immune infiltration. Conclusion. MCM5 may serve as a molecular biomarker for LUAD prognosis.
Point-of-Care (POC) Urinary L-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (u-LFABP) Use in Critically Ill, Very Preterm Neonates
Authors: Puspitasari Henny Adriani , Hidayati Eka Laksmi , Palupi-Baroto Retno , Mardiasmo Diashati Ramadhani , Roeslani Rosalina Dewi
Published: March 2022

Preterm neonates are born with fewer functional nephrons, rendering them vulnerable to secondary insult. These insults are associated with acute kidney injury (AKI); thus, structural damage must be detected as early as possible. Urinary L-type fatty acid-binding protein (u-LFABP) has been proposed as a highly suitable kidney injury biomarker during prematurity. We aimed to analyze the use of POC u-LFABP in critically ill, very preterm neonates. This study was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, from November to December 2020. Baseline characteristics were recorded from electronic medical records. u-LFABP examination utilized stored urine samples from a previous study and was performed using a LFABP POC test kit. The proportion of abnormal u-LFABP (83.3%) was highest at 72 hours. Neonates with older gestational age (0–48 hours;

p
=
0.017

) and higher birth weight (0–48 hours;

p
=
0.022

, 72 hours;

p
=
0.013

) had normal u-LFABP levels. Neonates exposed to nephrotoxic agents showed higher proportion of abnormal u-LFABP (0–48 hours;

p
=
0.006

). Longer invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) period was observed in neonates with abnormal u-LFABP levels at 0–48 hours (7.44 ± 7.9 vs. 1.50 ± 2.9 days;

p
=
0.011

). We found an association between complication rates and poorer disease outcome trends with abnormal u-LFABP; however, this relationship was not supported statistically. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that u-LFABP can be detected using bedside POC kit in critically ill very preterm neonates and those exposed to nephrotoxic agents may be at risk for kidney injury, confirmed by abnormal u-LFABP levels.
Assessment of Liver Fibrosis with the Use of Elastography in Paediatric Patients with Diagnosed Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Wiecek Sabina , Fabrowicz Piotr , Wos Halina , Kordys-Darmolinska Bożena , Cebula Maciej , Gruszczynska Katarzyna , Grzybowska-Chlebowczyk Urszula
Published: March 2022

Background. Complications of cystic fibrosis-associated liver disease (CFLD) are a leading nonpulmonary cause of death. Noninvasive tests enabling early detection of liver changes, especially in children are sought. The aim of the study was to assess the scale of liver fibrosis with the use of elastography in paediatric patients with diagnosed cystic fibrosis (CF) and its comparison with other tests (APRI and Fibrotest). Methods. We examined 41 children, in the age range 2-21 years, with diagnosed CF. The analysis a included clinical picture, laboratory parameters of liver damage, and cholestasis. Aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and Fibrotest were done in all patients. Liver stiffness measurements were acquired using shear-wave elastography (SWE). Results. CFLD was diagnosed in 16/41 patients (39%). Abnormal elastography was observed in 19/41 patients (46.3%), and in 5/41 (12.2%), the changes were advanced (F4). Abnormal elastography was observed in 12/16 (75%) of the patients with CFLD, and in 7/25 (28%), there were no lesions observed in the liver in the course of cystic fibrosis. In all patients with F4, we observed abnormal results of the APRI and Fibrotest. In most patients with small changes in elastography, we found normal results of the APRI and Fibrotest. Conclusion. Elastography seems to be a noninvasive examination useful in everyday clinical work in detecting early liver changes and monitoring of progression in paediatric patients with diagnosed cystic fibrosis, ahead of changes in laboratory tests. The cost-effectiveness of this test, the possibility of its repetition, and its availability are additional benefits.
Object Extraction of Tennis Video Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Huang Huadong
Published: March 2022

Moving target detection and tracking technology is the core technology in the field of computer vision. It integrates image processing, pattern recognition and intelligence, and artificial intelligence and automatic control are the keys to an intelligent video surveillance system. The method acquires video image signals through visible light or infrared sensors, performs digital image processing on the video images, detects moving targets, and then extracts moving targets for target recognition. Then, the moving target is predicted and tracked according to the image features and spatiotemporal features, and the contour shape, position, and motion trajectory of the target are obtained, which provides data support for subsequent tasks. This paper uses the convolutional neural network model HyperNet as the technical support to study the deep learning (DL) tennis video target extraction. The final experimental results show that the loss value of the loss function in the training process of this method is stably maintained between 1.5% and 2.5%, and the speed performance is also greatly improved. The number of boxes for extracting candidate regions is significantly reduced, the calculation time for each frame will not exceed 1.8 s, the orientation accuracy of target extraction is 96.32%, and the size accuracy is 91.05%.
Construction Project Claim Management under the Background of Wireless Communication and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Li Yan
Published: March 2022

At this stage, construction projects involve more and more aspects, and the market environment they face is also increasingly complex. The application of wireless communication and artificial intelligence technology provides convenient conditions for the establishment of construction engineering claim management system. Based on this, this paper conducts research on the subject of construction engineering claim management under the background of wireless communication and artificial intelligence. This paper first briefly introduces the classification of construction engineering claims, designs the construction engineering claim management system, and analyzes the relevant functional requirements and functional modules of the system. In terms of grasping the current situation of relevant people’s cognition of construction engineering claims, the research adopts the method of questionnaire survey, then summarizes the existing problems according to the questionnaire data, and finally combines the predesigned functional modules to solve these problems. Systematic Recommendations. The survey data shows that in the case of 400 concurrent users, the transaction volume of the system reached 17.13 T/s, and the system transaction operations were all successful. These experiments demonstrate that the availability and adaptability of the preset functional modules are very high.
Prediction of Pyrolysis Kinetics of Biomass: New Insights from Artificial Intelligence-Based Modeling
Authors: Dong Lei , Wang RanRan , Liu PeiDe , Sarvazizi Saeed
Published: March 2022

The present work introduces a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR)-based stochastic gradient boosting (SGB) decision tree framework for simulating and capturing of the thermal decomposition kinetics of biomass considering effective parameters of the ultimate analysis (such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur content) and process heating rate. Through a total of 149 pyrolysis kinetics, this study developed an artificial model and subjected it to training and testing phases. The proposed model was validated using error analysis, sensitivity, regression, and outlier detection. The coefficient of determination (R2) and mean relative error (%MRE) were calculated to be 0.993 and 4.354%, respectively, suggesting good performance in the estimation of the pyrolysis kinetic parameters. Also, the sensitivity results indicated the process heating rate to have the strongest effect on the model output with a relevancy factor of 0.43. Eventually, the proposed model showed superior performance compared to earlier frameworks.
Expression and Prognosis Value of the KLF Family Members in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Huang Zhongting , He Haibin , Qiu Feng , Qian Hailong
Published: March 2022

Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are some kind of transcriptional regulator that regulates a broad range of cellular functions and has been linked to the development of certain malignancies. KLF expression patterns and prognostic values in colorectal cancer (CRC) have, however, been investigated rarely. To investigate the differential expression, predictive value, and gene mutations of KLFs in CRC patients, we used various online analytic tools, including ONCOMINE, TCGA, cBioPortal, and the TIMER database. KLF2-6, KLF8-10, KLF12-15, and KLF17 mRNA expression levels were dramatically downregulated in CRC tissues, but KLF1, KLF7, and KLF16 mRNA expression levels were significantly elevated in CRC tissues. According to the findings of Cox regression analysis, upregulation of KLF3, KLF5, and KLF6 and downregulation of KLF15 were linked with a better prognosis in CRC. For functional enrichment, our findings revealed that KLF members are involved in a variety of cancer-related biological processes. In colon cancer and rectal cancer, KLFs were also shown to be associated with a variety of immune cells. The findings of this research reveal that KLF family members’ mRNA expression levels are possible prognostic indicators for patients with CRC.
Shield Tunneling Parameters Matching Based on Support Vector Machine and Improved Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Sun Shilong
Published: March 2022

Of late, emerging algorithms such as machine learning have been increasingly used in shield tunneling construction management and control. This research article proposes a shield tunneling parameter matching model based on a support vector machine (SVM) and an improved particle swarm algorithm (PSO) to enhance the accuracy and reliability of shield tunneling parameter selection. First, the optimization performance of the algorithm is augmented by adjusting particle diversity. Simulation-based experiments are conducted to test the performance of the improved algorithm. The experimental results indicate that the improved algorithm has better accuracy. Meanwhile, the particle diversity adjustment strategy is given. Then, the SVM model to express the relationship between shield tunneling parameters and ground settlement is established and trained. Based on the obtained SVM model, the improved PSO is used to optimize the tunneling parameters. The results show that the shield tunneling parameter matching model based on SVM and improved PSO can obtain more accurate shield tunneling parameters and provides a more precise reference for selecting shield tunneling parameters.
An Extensive Comparison of the Clinical Efficiency of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) and Neutral Sodium Fluoride (NaF) Oral Rinses in the Prevention of White Spot Lesions during Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pilli Lakshmi Narayana , Singaraju Gowri Sankar , Nettam Venkatesh , Keerthipati Thejasree , Mandava Prasad , Marya Anand
Published: March 2022

Background. The purpose of this randomized trial is to compare the efficacy of weekly once regime of neutral sodium fluoride (NaF) oral rinse with that of acidulated phosphate (APF) formulated daily mouth rinse in the reduction of white spot lesions (WSLs) associated with fixed orthodontic appliance treatment. Methods. The participants (n = 90) of this single‐center, two‐arm parallel study without a control group were randomly assigned with 1 : 1 distribution to each of the two groups after the bonding of brackets. Group A/test group 1 (n = 45) was given weekly rinse of neutral sodium fluoride (Colgate® PreviDent® Dental Rinse-0.2% NaF), and for group B/test group 2 (n = 45), an APF formulated daily oral rinse (Colgate® Ortho Defense@ PhosFlur® Rinse‐0.044% w/v of NaF) was given for six months. The outcome was assessed by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) index for scoring the demineralization, and for scoring gingivitis, Loe and Silness gingival index (GI) was utilized. Four different time points “T0”immediately before bonding procedures, “T1” after 4weeks, “T2” after 12 weeks, and “T3” after 24 weeks were taken to assess the ICDAS and GI scores. Results. The mean ICDAS scores for group A (NaF) were 0.025, 0.051, 0.093, and 0.113 and for group B (APF) were 0.014, 0.022, 0.038, and 0.015 at different points of time. The GI scores for group A were 0.008, 0.22, 0.33, and 0.38 and for group B were 0.003, 0.136, 0.181, and 0.097 at different time points. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) for both groups in terms of reducing WSL and GI. Conclusion. APF formulated daily oral rinse—0.044% w/v of NaF—is more effective than the weekly once regimen of 0.2% NaF oral rinse to prevent white spot lesions.
Identification of the Metabolomics Signature of Human Follicular Fluid from PCOS Women with Insulin Resistance
Authors: Liu Ran , Bai Shun , Zheng Shengxia , Zhu Xinyi , Zhang Yan , Xu Bo , Zhao Weidong
Published: March 2022

Context. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological endocrine disease, and approximately 60% of patients with PCOS have different degrees of insulin resistance (IR). The regulatory role of metabolic networks in human follicular fluid (FF) related to IR in PCOS remains unclear. Aims. To explore the effect of IR on the metabolism of PCOS by analyzing the changes in FF metabolites in PCOS patients who are undergoing assisted reproductive technology based on the metabonomic platform of ultraperformance gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Method. Eight PCOS patients with IR (PCOS-IR) and 8 PCOS patients without IR (PCOS-NIR) were enrolled. All patients received controlled ovarian stimulation by using the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol, and the FF of a single dominant follicle was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval. The metabolite profiles of the FF were determined by GC/MS. Key Results. A total of 20 differentially expressed metabolites in FF were identified. Compared with levels in the PCOS-NIR group, stearic acid, palmitic acid, pentadecanoic acid, stigmasterol, citric acid, isocitric acid, thymine, and pyruvic acid in FF were significantly increased in the PCOS-IR group. Lithocholic acid and sinapinic acid in FF decreased significantly. The affected metabolic pathways with potential regulatory roles were identified by KEGG annotation. Conclusion. Compared with the PCOS-NIR group, the PCOS-IR group showed more significant metabolic abnormalities. Implications. These results will help us to understand the pathogenesis of PCOS combined with IR and will provide new clues for studying metabolic disorders associated with PCOS, e.g., IR.