bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lichtgesteuerte dynamische Chiralitätsumkehr in funktionalen selbstorganisierten helikalen Überstrukturen
Authors: Bisoyi Hari Krishna , Li Quan
Published: January 2016

Helikale Überstrukturen sind weit verbreitet in der Natur, in synthetischen Polymeren und in supramolekularen Anordnungen. Die Steuerung der Chiralität (der Händigkeit) dynamischer helikaler Überstrukturen molekularer und makromolekularer Systeme durch externe Stimuli ist eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe, die jedoch große Beachtung findet aufgrund des attraktiven Anwendungspotenzials von Materialien mit morphologieabhängigen, einstellbaren Eigenschaften. Die lichtgesteuerte Chiralitätsumkehr in selbstorganisierten helikalen Überstrukturen (d. h. cholesterischen, chiral‐nematischen Flüssigkristallen) steht derzeit im Mittelpunkt des Interesses, da durch die Umkehr der Händigkeit die Drehrichtung von selektiv reflektiertem, zirkular polarisiertem Licht verändert wird, woraus sich ein breites Anwendungspotenzial ergibt. Hier erörtern wir die aktuellen Entwicklungen bei der Chiralitätsumkehr cholesterischer Flüssigkristalle, die durch photoisomerisierbare chirale molekulare Motoren oder Schalter ermöglicht wird. Es werden verschiedene Klassen chiraler photoresponsiver Dotanden (Gastmoleküle) behandelt, die eine reversible lichtgesteuerte Chiralitätsumkehr helikaler Überstrukturen auf der Basis nematischer Wirtkomponenten bewirken können. Wege zum rationalen Design chiraler molekularer Schalter, welche die Chiralitätsumkehr helikaler Überstrukturen auf der Basis cholesterischer Flüssigkristalle bewirken, werden aufgezeigt. Wir hoffen, mit diesem Aufsatz eine Orientierungshilfe für den gezielten Entwurf weicher Materialien mit Potenzial zur stimuligesteuerten Chiralitätsumkehr und multifunktionaler Wirt‐Gast‐Systeme geben zu können.
Carbocyclic Amino Ketones by Bredt's Rule‐Arrested Kulinkovich–de Meijere Reaction
Authors: Finn Paul B. , Derstine Brenden P. , Sieburth Scott McN.
Published: January 2016

The TiII‐mediated formation of cyclopropylamines from alkenes and amides, the Kulinkovich–de Meijere reaction, involves two carbon–carbon bond‐forming steps. Strategic use of a tricyclic intermediate can arrest the process if the second step requires formation of a bridgehead double bond. Use of this Bredt's rule constraint results in the production of carbocyclic amino ketones, key alkaloid building blocks.
Filtration Shell Mediated Power Density Independent Orthogonal Excitations–Emissions Upconversion Luminescence
Authors: Li Xiaomin , Guo Zhenzhen , Zhao Tiancong , Lu Yang , Zhou Lei , Zhao Dongyuan , Zhang Fan
Published: January 2016

Lanthanide doped core–multishell structured NaGdF4:Yb,Er@NaYF4:Yb@NaGdF4:Yb,Nd@NaYF4@NaGdF4:Yb,Tm@NaYF4 nanoparticles with power‐density independent orthogonal excitations‐emissions upconversion luminescence (UCL) were fabricated for the first time. The optical properties of these core–multishell structured nanoparticles were related to the absorption filtration effect of the NaGdF4:Yb,Tm layer. By tuning the thickness of the filtration layer, the nanoparticles can exhibit unique two independent groups of UCL: Tm3+ prominent UV/blue (UV=ultraviolet) UCL under the excitation at 980 nm and Er3+ prominent green/red UCL under the excitation at 796 nm. The filtration‐shell mediated orthogonal excitations‐emissions UCL are power‐density independent. As a proof of concept, the core–multishell nanoparticles are used in multi‐dimensional security design and imaging‐guided combined photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.
Azulenesulfonium Salts: Accessible, Stable, and Versatile Reagents for Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Cowper Paul , Jin Yu , Turton Michael D. , Kociok‐Köhn Gabriele , Lewis Simon E.
Published: January 2016

Azulenesulfonium salts may be readily prepared from the corresponding azulenes by an SEAr reaction. These azulene sulfonium salts are bench‐stable species that may be employed as pseudohalides for cross‐coupling. Specifically, their application in Suzuki–Miyaura reactions has been demonstrated with a diverse selection of coupling partners. These azulenesulfonium salts possess significant advantages in comparison with the corresponding azulenyl halides, which are known to be unstable and difficult to prepare in pure form.
IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEASOME ALPHA6 SUBUNIT ASSOCIATED WITH DELTAMETHRIN RESISTANCE IN Drosophila melanogaster Kc CELLS
Authors: Hu Junli , Xu Qin , Chi Qingping , Liu Wei , Li Fengliang , Cheng Luogen
Published: January 2016

Differential expression of the proteasome alpha6 (prosalpha6) was previously reported between Plutella xylostella strains that are resistant or susceptible to the pesticide deltamethrin (DM). This finding indicated that the prosalpha6 may be involved in DM resistance. In this article, qPCR analysis revealed that the prosalpha6 was also significantly upregulated in Drosophila Kc cells treated with DM. To better understand the contribution of prosalpha6 in DM resistance, RNA interference, heterologous expression, and a proteasome inhibitor (MG‐132) were used. MG‐132 was used to suppress proteasomal activity, and the dsRNA was designed to block the function of prosalpha6. The results indicated that both MG‐132 and prosalpha6 knockdown decreased the cellular viability following DM treatment. Prosalpha6 was cloned and transfected into Drosophila Kc cells. The result showed that overexpression of prosalpha6 in Drosophila Kc cells conferred some protection against DM. Taken together, our results indicate that prosalpha6 is involved in Drosophila cells DM resistance.
Isoindoline Derivatives of α‐Amino Acids as Cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 Inhibitors
Authors: Mancilla‐Percino Teresa , Trejo‐Muñoz Cynthia R. , Díaz‐Gandarilla José Alfredo , Talamás‐Rohana Patricia , Guzmán Ramírez José Eduardo , Cervantes Jair , Figueroa Ortíz Armando
Published: January 2016

IC50 values were obtained for two series of isoindolines derived from α‐amino acids over cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX‐1 and COX‐2). In order to explain the biological activity observed, a structure–activity relationship (SAR) model was achieved for the tested compounds and 19 reference compounds with known selective inhibitory activity, through the correlation of the binding energies calculated from rigid docking of the best conformations into the catalytic sites of COX‐1 and COX‐2, as well as their molecular descriptors: Log P, molecular weight (MW), volume (V), and solvation energy (Esol) versus their experimental IC50 values by MLR and LS‐SVM methods. The model probed whether the COX‐1 and COX‐2 inhibitory activities of the isoindolines correlate with steric, hydrophobic, and thermodynamic parameters. The correlation values with MLR for COX‐1 and COX‐2 (r2 = 0.4193 and r2 = 0.5929) were optimized with LS‐SVM until r2 = 0.6818 for COX‐1 and r2 = 0.8985 for COX‐2, resulting in a good predictive ability for COX‐1 and ‐2 inhibition with this model. In conclusion, the data suggests that the physicochemical descriptors evaluated have an impact on the inhibitory activity and selectivity of isoindolines over COX‐1 and COX‐2.
Energetic Properties of Rocket Propellants Evaluated through the Computational Determination of Heats of Formation of Nitrogen‐Rich Compounds
Authors: Forquet Valérian , Miró Sabaté Carles , Chermette Henry , Jacob Guy , Labarthe Émilie , Delalu Henri , Darwich Chaza
Published: January 2016

The use of ab initio and DFT methods to calculate the enthalpies of formation of solid ionic compounds is described. The results obtained from the calculations are then compared with those from experimental measurements on nitrogen‐rich salts of the 2,2‐dimethyltriazanium cation (DMTZ) synthesized in our laboratory and on other nitrogen‐rich ionic compounds. The importance of calculating accurate volumes and lattice enthalpies for the determination of heats of formation is also discussed. Furthermore, the crystal structure and hydrogen‐bonding networks of the nitroformate salt of the DMTZ cation is described in detail. Lastly, the theoretical heats of formation were used to calculate the specific impulses (Isp) of the salts of the DMTZ cation in view of a prospective application in propellant formulations.
Detection of Aβ Monomers and Oligomers: Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhou Yanli , Liu Lantao , Hao Yuanqiang , Xu Maotian
Published: January 2016

Alzheimer's disease (AD), as the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically characterized by deposition of extracellular plaque composed of amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ). Different assembled states of Aβ have been considered as both important biomarkers and drug targets for the diagnosis and therapy of AD. Recent studies demonstrate that small, diffusible Aβ oligomers formed by aggregation of Aβ monomers are the major toxic agents in AD. Therefore, the development of reliable assays for Aβ (both monomers and oligomers) will be important for the early differential diagnosis of dementia, predicting the progression of AD, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of novel anti‐Aβ drugs for AD. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in the development of techniques for detection of Aβ monomers and oligomers. In particular, the principles governing the design of these sensors are classified and summarized. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of the assays are evaluated. This review also discusses the improvements and challenges for application of these assays in the early diagnosis of AD.
Catalytic Asymmetric Ring‐Opening Reactions of Aziridines with 3‐Aryl‐Oxindoles
Authors: Wang Linqing , Li Dan , Yang Dongxu , Wang Kezhou , Wang Jie , Wang Pengxin , Su Wu , Wang Rui
Published: January 2016

A highly enantioselective ring‐opening alkylation reaction between 3‐aryl‐oxindole and N‐(2‐picolinoyl) aziridine has been realized for the first time. The reaction is efficiently mediated by a simple in‐situ‐generated magnesium catalyst and 3,3′‐fluorinated‐BINOL (BINOL=1,1′‐binaphthalene‐2,2′‐diol) has been identified as a powerful chiral ligand. Notably, the fluorine atom on the chiral ligand plays a key role in providing the desired chiral 3‐alkyl‐3‐aryl oxindoles with excellent enantioselectivities.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Site‐Selective C−H Functionalization of Weakly Coordinating Sulfonamides: Synthesis of Biaryl Sulfonamides
Authors: Vanjari Rajeshwer , Guntreddi Tirumaleswararao , Singh Krishna Nand
Published: January 2016

A novel and site selective C−H functionalization of unsubstituted sulfonamides has been developed for the synthesis of ortho aryl sulfonamides. The reaction involves highly regioselective ortho mono arylation of weakly coordinating SO2NH2 directing group by means of aryl iodides. Palladium acetate in the presence of silver(I) oxide is found to be the most effective catalytic system.
Problem‐based learning applied to the artificial intelligence course
Authors: Fernandes Marcelo A. C.
Published: January 2016

The purpose of this article is to present a problem‐based learning (PBL) proposal for use in the Artificial Intelligence course. The proposal includes problems associated with the area of mobile robotics, in which the student develops artificial intelligence solutions to optimize the movement of a robot in an unknown environment, avoiding obstacles. The proposed method was applied during three semesters (2012.1, 2013.1, and 2013.2), in the Applied Artificial Intelligence course of the Computational Engineering programme at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The results obtained in opinion surveys with the students during the three semesters are presented with the aim of validating the PBL proposal. The responses obtained in the opinion surveys show that the proposed method was well received, given that more than 80% of the responses were positive. Details of the implementation of the proposal are provided in order to assist others involved in the teaching of similar academic programme. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 24:388–399, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21717
Predictors of early androgen deprivation treatment failure in prostate cancer with bone metastases
Authors: Varenhorst Eberhard , Klaff Rami , Berglund Anders , Hedlund Per Olov , Sandblom Gabriel ,   the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group (SPCG) Trial No. 5
Published: January 2016

Approximately 15% of men with hormone naïve metastatic prostate cancer primarily fail to respond to androgen deprivation treatment (ADT). The reason why the response to ADT differs in this subgroup of men with prostate cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of these men and to thereby define predictors of early ADT failure in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases. The study was based on 915 men from the prospective randomized multicenter trial (no. 5) conducted by the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group comparing parenteral estrogen with total androgen blockade. Early ADT failure was defined as death from metastatic prostate cancer within 12 months after the start of ADT. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to identify clinical predictors of early ADT failure. Ninety‐four (10.3%) men were primarily nonresponders to ADT. Independent predictors of early ADT failure were poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS), analgesic consumption, low hemoglobin, and high Soloway score (extent of disease observed on the scan), in where patients with poor PS and/or high analgesic consumption had a threefold risk of early ADT failure. Not significantly factors related to early ADT failure were age, treatment, cardiovascular comorbidity, T category, grade of malignancy, serum estrogen level, and SHBG at enrolment. We analyzed characteristics of a subgroup of patients who primarily failed to respond to ADT. Four independent clinical predictors of early ADT failure could be defined, and men exhibiting these features should be considered for an alternative treatment.
Heed practical lessons learned from Missouri football team's planned boycott
Authors: O'Brien Timothy
Published: January 2016

The recent decision by members of the University of Missouri's football team to stop participating in football‐related activities in the midst of the season until the university president resigned or was removed captured the entire nation's attention.
New Caledonia: A ‘ Hot Spot’ for Valuable Chemodiversity
Authors: Coulerie Paul , Poullain Cyril
Published: January 2016

The flora of New Caledonia encompasses more than 3000 plant species and almost 80% are endemic. New Caledonia is considered as a ‘hot spot’ for biodiversity. With the current global loss of biodiversity and the fact that several drugs and pesticides become obsolete, there is an urgent need to increase sampling and research on new natural products. In this context, we review the chemical knowledge available on New Caledonian native flora from economical perspectives. We expect that a better knowledge of the economic potential of plant chemistry will encourage the plantation of native plants for the development of a sustainable economy which will participate in the conservation of biodiversity. In the second part of this review, we focus on the results exposed in 60 scientific articles and describe the identification of 225 original compounds from basal angiosperms and eudicot rosids. We discuss the economic potential of plants and molecules from medicinal and industrial perspectives. This review also highlights several plants and groups, such as Amborella sp., Piperaceae, or Phyllanthaceae, that are unexplored in New Caledonia despite their high chemical interest. Those plants are considered to have priority in future chemical investigations.
Loop‐Grafted Old Yellow Enzymes in the Bienzymatic Cascade Reduction of Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Reich Sabrina , Nestl Bettina M. , Hauer Bernhard
Published: January 2016

The enzymatic reduction of C=C bonds in allylic alcohols with Old Yellow Enzymes represents a challenging task, due to insufficient activation through the hydroxy group. In our work, we coupled an alcohol dehydrogenase with three wild‐type ene reductases—namely nicotinamide‐dependent cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one reductase (NCR) from Zymomonas mobilis, OYE1 from Saccharomyces pastorianus and morphinone reductase (MR) from Pseudomonas putida M10—and four rationally designed β/α loop variants of NCR in the bienzymatic cascade hydrogenation of allylic alcohols. Remarkably, the wild type of NCR was not able to catalyse the cascade reaction whereas MR and OYE1 demonstrated high to excellent activities. Through the rational loop grafting of two intrinsic β/α surface loop regions near the entrance of the active site of NCR with the corresponding loops from OYE1 or MR we successfully transferred the cascade reduction activity from one family member to another. Further we observed that loop grafting revealed certain influences on the interaction with the nicotinamide cofactor.
Endothelial function: The canary in the artery
Authors: Gilchrist Ian C.
Published: January 2016

Key Points

Vascular dysfunction at the level of the brachial artery after transradial cardiac catheterization appears transient and resolves within a week

Chemo‐toxicity from procedural cocktails in addition to catheter‐mediated barotrauma directly to the brachial artery or indirectly from radial trauma may play a role in its etiology.

Further work is needed to better define the causes of vascular damage from the transradial procedures to develop safer techniques for the future.
In multivessel coronary artery disease, a “state‐of‐the‐art” randomized clinical trial of revascularization is needed
Authors: Bang Vigyan V. , Levy Michael S.
Published: January 2016

Key Points

Based on this meta‐analysis of primarily observational data, complete revascularization (CR) is associated with a reduced risk of death, MI, and repeat revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVCAD) as compared with incomplete revascularization (IR).

Given the current state of evidence, the likelihood of achieving complete revascularization should influence whether PCI or CABG is the best strategy in patients with MVCAD.

Given the lack of randomized trials in this area, more robust trial data will address the validity of these findings.
Successful percutaneous implantation of symetis ACURATEneo transcatheter aortic bioprosthesis for the treatment of pure aortic regurgitation
Authors: Cerillo Alfredo Giuseppe , Griese Daniel , Berti Sergio
Published: January 2016

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was initially developed for the treatment of calcific aortic stenosis. In the recent years, however, TAVI has been used to treat selected patients with pure, severe AR. We report successful transfemoral implantation of a Symetis ACURATE neo bioprosthesis in a severely symptomatic, 87‐year‐old woman with pure AR and major comorbidities. We decided to use the ACURATE neo bioprosthesis for some of its features appeared to us as potentially useful in the setting of pure AR: the stabilization arches ensure perfect coaxial alignment and extreme stability of the device during deployment, and the “waist” and the skirt were considered useful to obtain a good seal in the absence of significant valvular and annular calcifications. Finally, we decided to use a self‐expanding valve to minimize the trauma to the aortic annulus. The procedure was successful and the patient was discharged home on postoperative day 3. At the 3‐month control echocardiography, there was no residual AR, and the mean transprosthetic gradient was 3 mm Hg. The current case demonstrates that percutaneous TAVI with the ACURATE neo bioprosthesis may be used to treat pure, isolated AR in selected patients. The device has several interesting features that could make it advantageous in this setting. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Successful recovery of tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy with severely depressed left ventricular systolic function by catheter ablation with mechanical hemodynamic support: a case report
Authors: Kamada Kazuhiro , Kubo Toshihiko , Sada Masashi , Ishikita Akihito , Tezuka Mika , Akiyama Yusuke , Umezu Ryuta , Ogawa Kiyohiro , Horimoto Koshin , Matsusaka Hidenori
Published: January 2016

Key Clinical Message

We describe the case that persistent atrial fibrillation refractory to rhythm control by pharmacotherapy and electrical cardioversions caused tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy with low ejection fraction and hemodynamic instability. Mechanical hemodynamic support using an intra‐aortic balloon pump is one of the choices of hemodynamic support during catheter ablation by pulmonary vein isolation.
Covalently Supported Ionic Liquid Phases: An Advanced Class of Recyclable Catalytic Systems
Authors: Giacalone Francesco , Gruttadauria Michelangelo
Published: January 2016

In this review, the most recent advances in the synthesis and catalytic applications of covalently supported ionic liquid (IL) phases will be discussed. This class of recyclable catalytic materials is based on the covalent attachment of several types of ammonium salts, usually imidazolium, but also thiazolium, triazolium, and pyrrolidinium salts, on the surface of different supports, for example, silica, periodic mesoporous organosilica, polystyrene, magnetic‐based materials, carbon nanotubes (NTs), halloysite NTs, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), and fullerenes. Moreover, poly(ionic liquid) materials, in which the IL‐based structure also acts as a support, will be considered. The synthetic applications of these materials will be presented, with special emphasis on their roles as catalysts, without added organocatalysts or metal‐based catalysts, as supports for organocatalysts, and as supports for metal‐based catalysts.
Enhancement of Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis with In Situ Hydrolysis of 2,2‐Dimethoxy Propane
Authors: Wang Shengping , Zhou Jingjie , Zhao Shuyang , Zhao Yujun , Ma Xinbin
Published: January 2016

The direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO2 and methanol is an attractive approach based on green chemistry. The influence of the addition of 2,2‐dimethoxy propane (DMP) on DMC formation was investigated over spindle‐CeO2, cube‐CeO2, and octahedron‐CeO2. Among these catalysts, spindle‐CeO2 showed a more favorable catalytic performance than the other CeO2 catalysts for the direct DMC synthesis with the addition of DMP. The yield of DMC was greatly improved by in situ removal of water from the reaction system through the addition of DMP. This indicated that hydrolysis of DMP overcomes the thermodynamic limitations of DMC formation and is highly effective for increasing the DMC yield. Thermodynamic calculations and the higher equilibrium constant supported this result.
Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy for Determination of the Biochemical Methane Potential: State of the Art
Authors: Ward Alastair J.
Published: January 2016

The use of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the determination of biogas and/or methane yields is a relatively new application of the technique. The accepted method of measuring the potential yield, the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test, involves the digestion of test substrates in an inoculum sourced from an active biogas reactor. The details of the BMP method vary, despite attempts at standardization. However, all the various methods are time consuming, with digestion times typically in the range of 30–100 days, and they are also rather labor intensive. The use of NIRS to predict gas yields can potentially cut this time to a matter of minutes and can even be implemented as an online measurement. But before NIRS can be used to give a reliable indication of true gas yields, there are many obstacles to be overcome, particularly regarding the uncertainty due to the poor standard error of laboratory of the reference method.
Benchmarking of Gas‐Assisted Atomization Systems for Liquid Disintegration
Authors: Günther Astrid , Lampa Aljoscha , Fritsching Udo , Schröder Jewe , Kleinhans Agnes , Gaukel Volker , Schuchmann Heike P. , Loth Jan‐Martin , Petermann Marcus , Wirth Karl‐Ernst
Published: January 2016

Four different gas‐assisted atomizer systems are compared to assess their atomization performance for water and polymer solution feeds. An external mixing twin‐fluid atomizer serving as standard atomization configuration is compared to three rather unconventional atomization techniques. An internal mixing atomization system is represented by an effervescent atomizer that can be operated at lower air‐to‐liquid ratio than the conventional gas atomizers. Superheated atomization is an innovative technique to enhance the atomization of liquids by a phase change within the emerging spray. CO2‐assisted atomization takes the same line by releasing a liquid saturated with CO2 into a lower pressure environment. The atomization configurations were used to disintegrate the model fluid water and more challenging polymer solutions with higher viscosities. Resulting spray configurations and drop sizes distributions were compared.
Influence of Wetting on Washing and Filtration Properties
Authors: Burisch Markus , Peuker Urs A.
Published: January 2016

The washing of filter cakes represents a central part of material treatment and purification in science, research, and industry. The displacement washing aims at removing residues or at recovering the target liquid. This study focuses on systems with two immiscible liquids, thus the washing liquid forms a phase boundary with the pore liquid. By coating a solid model system with silanes, different surface energies on the surfaces can be achieved while all other granulometric properties remain unchanged. In addition to experimental investigation of the filtration and washing characteristics, the measurement of the contact angles quantifies the wetting behavior between the solid and the liquid phase.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of the Impact of Structure on the Degassing Efficiency of a Cyclone
Authors: Wang Chao‐yang , Yang Qiang , Xu Xiao , Wang Hua‐lin
Published: January 2016

The separation of liquid‐gas flows is essential for many industrial processes. Computational fluid dynamics including the algebraic slip mixture model and the Reynolds stress model is firstly adopted to analyze the impact of the number of inlets and the column diameter ratio on the degassing performance of a hydrocyclone. For separating the micrometer‐sized bubbles, the structures with one to six inlets and seven different column diameter ratios are simulated. The results show that multiport designs are more suitable for liquid‐gas separation, particularly for separation of small bubbles. However, as the number of inlets increases, the growth trend of separation efficiency is slowed. A longer column section is beneficial to small bubbles, but results in a greater loss of fluid energy.
Synergistic Effects of Cosolvents on the Dissolution of Wool Keratin Using Ionic Liquids
Authors: Wang Lijun , Nie Yi , Zhang Xiangping , Zeng Shaojuan , Zhang Suojiang , Zheng Shuangshuang
Published: January 2016

Keratin, regenerated from wool fibers, is widely used in the textile and medicine fields. In this work, a series of synthesized 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium‐based ionic liquids (IL) were used to dissolve wool keratin. Among these IL, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate, [BMIM][DMP], is the best solvent; it can completely dissolve 5.0 wt % wool keratin in 10.5 h at 120 °C. In order to shorten the dissolution time, different cosolvents (sodium dodecyl sulfate, urea, and caprolactam) were utilized. Wool fibers at 5.0 wt % were dissolved under nitrogen within 4.5 h and a urea/[BMIM][DMP] mass ratio of 2.0 %, indicating that synergistic effects between the cosolvent and the IL can shorten the dissolution time. In addition, keratin regeneration was also studied. The results indicate that keratin regenerated in methanol shows better reproducibility and mechanical performance.
Influence of Temperature on Fluidized‐Bed Catalyst Attrition Behavior
Authors: Hao Jingai , Zhao Yinfeng , Ye Mao , Liu Zhongmin
Published: January 2016

Particle attrition is a prevalent problem in fluidized beds due to continuous moving of catalyst particles. It is always operated at high temperature either for lab‐ or industrial‐scale fluidized beds. The influence of temperature on the attrition behavior of commercial methanol‐to‐olefins (MTO) and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts is analyzed in a three‐orifice lab‐scale fluidized bed device from room temperature to 600 °C. The two catalysts are found to be alike in attrition mode. Both change from a combination of abrasion and fragmentation to main abrasion with increasing temperature, but differ greatly in the variation of attrition index with temperature which may be attributed to the difference of material and particle properties. An empirical correlation of attrition index to attrition temperature for all test samples is proposed.
One‐Pot Sequential Propargylation/Cycloisomerization: A Facile [4+2]‐Benzannulation Approach to Carbazoles
Authors: Raji Reddy Chada , Rani Valleti Reddi , Dilipkumar Uredi
Published: January 2016

A novel one‐pot [4+2]‐benzannulation approach to substituted carbazoles is accomplished by acid‐catalyzed C3‐propargylation of 2‐alkenyl/aryl indoles with 1‐aryl propargylic alcohols, followed by cycloisomerization. A variety of 2‐alkenylated indoles and 2‐aryl/heteroaryl indoles successfully participated in this tandem reaction with 1‐aryl/heteroaryl propargylic alcohols to provide diversely substituted and annulated carbazoles, as well as an aza[5]helicene.
Triptycene‐Roofed Quinoxaline Cavitands for the Supramolecular Detection of BTEX in Air
Authors: Bertani Federico , Riboni Nicolò , Bianchi Federica , Brancatelli Giovanna , Sterner Elizabeth S. , Pinalli Roberta , Geremia Silvano , Swager Timothy M. , Dalcanale Enrico
Published: January 2016

Two novel triptycene quinoxaline cavitands (DiTriptyQxCav and MonoTriptyQxCav) have been designed, synthesized, and applied in the supramolecular detection of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in air. The complexation properties of the two cavitands towards aromatics in the solid state are strengthened by the presence of the triptycene moieties at the upper rim of the tetraquinoxaline walls, promoting the confinement of the aromatic hydrocarbons within the cavity. The two cavitands were used as fiber coatings for solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) BTEX monitoring in air. The best performances in terms of enrichment factors, selectivity, and LOD (limit of detection) values were obtained by using the DiTriptyQxCav coating. The corresponding SPME fiber was successfully tested under real urban monitoring conditions, outperforming the commercial divinylbenzene–Carboxen–polydimethylsiloxane (DVB–CAR–PDMS) fiber in BTEX adsorption.
Facile Construction of Structurally Defined Porous Membranes from Supramolecular Hexakistriphenylamine Metallacycles through Electropolymerization
Authors: Xu Xing‐Dong , Yao Chang‐Jiang , Chen Li‐Jun , Yin Guang‐Qiang , Zhong Yu‐Wu , Yang Hai‐Bo
Published: January 2016

The construction of well‐controlled porous materials is very challenging. Herein, we report the successful preparation of structurally defined porous membranes based on hexakistriphenylamine metallacycles through electropolymerization. The newly designed porous materials were characterized by the typical cyclic voltammograms, XPS, SEM, and TEM investigations. Further investigations revealed that the metallacycle‐based polymer films displayed a good size‐selective molecular‐sieving behavior.
Chemo‐ and Regioselective Reduction of 5,15‐Diazaporphyrins Providing Antiaromatic Azaporphyrinoids
Authors: Yamaji Ayaka , Tsurugi Hayato , Miyake Yoshihiro , Mashima Kazushi , Shinokubo Hiroshi
Published: January 2016

Reagent‐controlled chemo‐ and regioselective reduction of 5,15‐diazaporphyrins has been developed. The selective reduction of carbon–carbon double bonds of diazaporphyrins provides 18 π aromatic isobacteriochlorin‐type products, whereas the reduction of carbon–nitrogen double bonds leads to selective formation of 20 π N,N′‐dihydrodiazaporphyrins in excellent yields. The distinct antiaromatic character of N,N′‐dihydrodiazaporphyrins has been revealed. The free‐base N,N′‐dihydrodiazaporphyrin exhibits slower inner NH tautomerism than that in the corresponding 18 π porphyrins.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Tris(hydroxylammonium) Orthophosphate.
Authors: Leinemann Malte , Jess Inke , Boeckmann Jan , Naether Christian
Published: January 2016

Single crystals of (H3NOH)3PO4 are formed from a 1:3 molar mixture of H3PO4 and NH2OH upon cooling.
ChemInform Abstract: All Inorganic Colloidal Perovskite Quantum Dots: A New Class of Lasing Materials with Favorable Characteristics.
Authors: Wang Yue , Li Xiaoming , Song Jizhong , Xiao Lian , Zeng Haibo , Sun Handong
Published: January 2016

CsPbX3 (X: Cl, Br, I) quantum dots are prepared by injecting small amounts of a precursor solution consisting of Cs2CO3, oleic acid (OA), and octadecene (ODE) (150 °C, 1.5 h) to a solution comprising ODE, OA, oleylamine, and PbX2 at 160 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Color Manipulation of Intense Multiluminescence from CaZnOS:Mn2+ by Mn2+ Concentration Effect.
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Cheng , Zhao Li‐Zhen , Long Yun‐Ze , Zhang Hong‐Di , Sun Bin , Han Wen‐Peng , Yan Xu , Wang Xusheng
Published: January 2016

Single‐phase polycrystalline CaZn1‐xMnxOS (x = 0—0.1) is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of CaO, ZnS, and MnCO3 (alumina crucible, 1100 °C, 3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Switchable Photovoltaic Effects in Hexagonal Manganite Thin Films Having Narrow Band Gaps.
Authors: Han Hyeon , Song Seungwoo , Lee June Ho , Kim Kun Joong , Kim Guan‐Woo , Park Taiho , Jang Hyun Myung
Published: January 2016

Epitaxial hexagonal manganite thin films h‐LnMnO3 (Ln: Lu, Y) are grown on a Pt (111) film on Al2O3 (0001) substrate by pulsed laser deposition (850 °C substrate temperature, 1.5 J/cm2, 3 Hz).
ChemInform Abstract: [XeOXeOXe]2+, the Missing Oxide of Xenon(II); Synthesis, Raman Spectrum, and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of [XeOXeOXe][μ‐F(ReO2F3)2]2.
Authors: Ivanova Maria V. , Mercier Helene P. A. , Schrobilgen Gary J.
Published: January 2016

The first xenon(II) oxide, [XeOXeOXe]2+ is synthesized as [F(ReO2F3)2]‐ salt by reaction of ReO3F with XeF2 (molar ratios from ≈1:2 to ≈1:1) in anhydrous HF (FEP reactor, ‐30 °C, 2‐4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Cu3(SeO4)2(SeO3OH)2 (H2O)16 — The First Example of a Linear Octahedral—Tetrahedral Heptamer in Inorganic Compounds.
Authors: Gurzhiy Vladislav V. , Al‐Shuray Alexander , Britvin Sergey N. , Krivovichev Sergey V.
Published: January 2016

Single crystals of the new copper selenate Cu3(SeO4)2(SeO3OH)2 (H2O)16 are obtained by hydrothermal reaction of an aqueous solution of (UO2)NO3, Cu(NO3)2, and H2SeO4 (autoclave, 180 °C, 72 h) followed by slow solvent evaporation.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Alkylative Alkyne—Aldehyde Cross‐Couplings.
Authors: Nie Ming , Fu Wenzhen , Cao Ziping , Tang Wenjun
Published: January 2016

Chiral tetrasubstituted allylic alcohols are prepared in high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Disulfonimide‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Reduction of N‐Alkyl Imines.
Authors: Wakchaure Vijay N. , Kaib Philip S. J. , Leutzsch Markus , List Benjamin
Published: January 2016

An axially chiral binaphthyl‐based disulfonimide is synthesized and successfully applied as organo‐catalyst for the enantioselective reduction of N‐alkyl imines with Hantzsch ester.
ChemInform Abstract: Potassium Phosphate—Ionic Liquid Mediated Selective Mono‐Michael Addition.
Authors: Sawant Anand D. , Jagadale Suryabala D. , Desai Uday V. , Salunkhe Manikrao M.
Published: January 2016

Mono‐Michael addition is observed when active methylene compounds react with compounds with active C—C double bounds in [bmim]Cl/K3PO4 at room temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: An Arylative Ring Expansion Cascade of Fused Cyclobutenes via Short‐Lived Intermediates with Planar Chirality.
Authors: Arichi Norihito , Yamada Ken‐ichi , Yamaoka Yousuke , Takasu Kiyosei
Published: January 2016

4π‐Electrocyclic ring opening of fused cyclobutanes gives cyclic cis‐trans diene intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible‐Light Photoredox‐Catalyzed Semipinacol‐Type Rearrangement: Trifluoromethylation/Ring Expansion by a Radical—Polar Mechanism.
Authors: Sahoo Basudev , Li Jun‐Long , Glorius Frank
Published: January 2016

19 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component Azidation of Styrene‐Type Double Bonds: Light‐Switchable Behavior of a Copper Photoredox Catalyst.
Authors: Fumagalli Gabriele , Rabet Pauline T. G. , Boyd Scott , Greaney Michael F.
Published: January 2016

The copper‐catalyzed reaction of indene and styrene with Zhdankin reagent in MeOH in the presence of light gives rise to methoxy azides (III) and (VII), whilst the reaction in the dark leads to diazides (IV)/(V) and (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Azaxylylenes Photogenerated from o‐Amido Imines: Photoassisted Access to Complex Spiro‐Poly‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Mukhina Olga A. , Kuznetsov Dmitry M. , Cowger Teresa M. , Kutateladze Andrei G.
Published: January 2016

The intramolecular photocyclization of amino azaxylylenes derived from o‐amido imines, e.g. compounds (I), (IV), and (VII), leads to mixtures of [4 + 4] and [4 + 2] adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Oxidation Catalysis of a Diniobium‐Substituted Silicodecatungstate.
Authors: Satake Naoto , Hirano Tomohisa , Kamata Keigo , Suzuki Kosuke , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: January 2016

A novel diniobium‐substituted silicodecatungstate is prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N,N′,N′‐Tetramethylenediamine Dioxide (TMEDAO2) Facilitates Atom Economical/Open Atmosphere Ley—Griffith (TPAP) Tandem Oxidation‐Wittig Reactions.
Authors: Read Christopher D. G. , Moore Peter W. , Williams Craig M.
Published: January 2016

Activated alcohols are efficiently oxidized under standard Ley—Griffith conditions to aldehydes or ketones, resp., using the title dioxide (TMDD) as the oxidizing agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(II)‐Mediated C(sp2)—H Hydroxylation.
Authors: Sun Shang‐Zheng , Shang Ming , Wang Hong‐Li , Lin Hai‐Xia , Dai Hui‐Xiong , Yu Jin‐Quan
Published: January 2016

The 2‐(oxazolin‐2‐yl)aniline moiety as directing group affords aerial ortho‐hydroxylation of thus derived benzamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Vinyl Chlorides via Triphosgene—Pyridine Activation of Ketones.
Authors: Saputra Mirza A. , Ngo Ly , Kartika Rendy
Published: January 2016

Low yields are presumably due to decomposition of vinyl chlorides during chromatographic purification.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed meta‐Selective C—H Bromination.
Authors: Teskey Christopher J. , Lui Andrew Y. W. , Greaney Michael F.
Published: January 2016

The first type of Ru‐catalyzed directed meta‐selective C—H bromination of 2‐pyridylarenes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Functionalized Trichloromethylcarbinols.
Authors: Ram Ram N. , Soni Vineet Kumar
Published: January 2016

Sodium trichloroacetate is used in the α‐trichloromethylation of α‐haloalkyl‐ketones, ‐esters, and ‐amides.
ChemInform Abstract: The Voight Reaction on Tertiary α‐Hydroxy Ketones.
Authors: Rao H. Surya Prakash , Vijjapu Satish
Published: January 2016

The Voight amination is applied for the synthesis of several tert‐α‐amino ketones present on various polycyclic derivatives like phenanthrene, pyrenes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of β,β‐Disubstituted α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Sugiura Masaharu , Ashikari Yasuhiko , Nakajima Makoto
Published: January 2016

Methyl alkyl and aryl ketones undergo TiCl4‐mediated aldol reaction in good yields and with high E selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Cleavage of P‐Methoxybenzyl and 2‐Naphthylmethyl Ethers Using a Catalytic Amount of HCl in Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol.
Authors: Volbeda Anne Geert , Kistemaker Hans A. V. , Overkleeft Herman S. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Filippov Dmitri V. , Codee Jeroen D. C.
Published: January 2016

Using the title reagent, fully protected gluco‐ and mannopyranosides can be selectively Pmb‐ and naphthylmethyl‐cleaved leaving arylthio, methyl‐, benzyl‐, and silyl‐ether functions as well as acetate protective groups unaffected.
ChemInform Abstract: General Ambient Temperature Benzylic Metalations Using Mixed‐Metal Li/K‐TMP Amide.
Authors: Manvar Atul , Fleming Patricia , O'Shea Donal F.
Published: January 2016

Using in‐situ prepared LiNK reagent, methylarenes are sequentially converted into mono‐ and bis‐trimethylsilylated derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Lithiated Aryl Benzyl Ethers: Inhibition of [1,2]‐Wittig Rearrangement and Application to the Synthesis of Benzo[b]furan Derivatives.
Authors: Velasco Rocio , Feberero Claudia , Sanz Roberto
Published: January 2016

Lithiation of aryl benzyl ethers with tBuLi at low temperatures generates stable organolithium intermediates at the benzylic CH2‐group to give a variety of substituted ethers after quenching with electrophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Multi‐Component Synthesis of Acrylamidines and Benzoimidazoles.
Authors: Wang Jinjin , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang
Published: January 2016

Acrylamidines are prepared via copper‐catalyzed three‐component reaction of propargyl acetates, sulfonyl azides, and anilines.
ChemInform Abstract: An Inexpensive and Recyclable Silver‐Foil Catalyst for the Cyclopropanation of Alkenes with Diazoacetates under Mechanochemical Conditions.
Authors: Chen Longrui , Bovee Mark O. , Lemma Betsegaw E. , Keithley Kimberlee S. M. , Pilson Sara L. , Coleman Michael G. , Mack James
Published: January 2016

Cyclopropanes are diastereoselectively prepared from diazoacetates and styrenes under solvent free conditions in a stainless‐steel ball mill.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound‐Assisted, Convenient and Widely Applicable 1,1′‐Carbonyl‐diimidazole‐Mediated “One‐Pot” Synthesis of Acyl/Sulfonyl Hydrazines.
Authors: Khan Khalid Mohammed , Salar Uzma , Fakhri Muhammad Imran , Taha Muhammad , Hameed Abdul , Perveen Shahnaz , Voelter Wolfgang
Published: January 2016

A diverse range of benzoic and sulfonic acid derivatives including biologically and pharmaceutically relevant ones are efficiently transformed into acyl and sulfonyl hydrazines.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of BF3 Catalyzed Mannich Derivatives with Excellent ee from Phenylpropanolamine, Study of Their Antimicrobial Activity and Molecular Docking.
Authors: Chennakesava Rao K. , Easwaramoorthi K. , Arun Y. , Balachandran C. , Muralidhara Rao K. S. , Govindhan M. , Emi Nobuhiko , Prakasam T. , Perumal P. T.
Published: January 2016

Antimicrobial agents [(IV) and (VI)] are synthesized with 100% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper/Manganese Cocatalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Vinylarenes with Ketones.
Authors: Lan Xing‐Wang , Wang Nai‐Xing , Zhang Wei , Wen Jia‐Long , Bai Cui‐Bing , Xing Yalan , Li Yi‐He
Published: January 2016

This method gives access to 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds from vinylarenes and ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Passerini Adducts from Aldehydes and Isocyanides under the Auxiliary of Water.
Authors: Li Ming , Qiu Bin , Kong Xiang‐Jing , Wen Li‐Rong
Published: January 2016

This method offers a straightforward access to α‐acyloxycarboxamides with two identical functional groups in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium/Copper Tandem Catalysis for Carbon—Carbon Triple Bond Cleavage of Diaryl Acetylenes.
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Fan Wenyou , Deng Guo‐Jun , Zhou Wang
Published: January 2016

A new complex catalytic system for the cleavage of carbon‐carbon triple bond is firstly developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of Novel Spiro[acenaphthylene‐1,2′‐pyrrolidin]‐2‐one Compounds.
Authors: Lin Yan , Fu Zhijie , Shen Tianhua , Che Fengfeng , Song Qingbao
Published: January 2016

21 Title compounds are prepared by a catalyst‐free 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides formed in situ from (I) and (III) with chalcones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Synthesis of α,γ‐Disubstituted γ‐Butyrolactones Through Diastereoselective Bromolactonization with Alkali Metal Bromide: Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)‐Dubiusamine C.
Authors: Moriyama Katsuhiko , Sugiue Toru , Nishinohara Chihiro , Togo Hideo
Published: January 2016

The diastereoselective bromolactonization of α‐substituted 4‐pentenoic acids and 4‐pentenamides by oxidative umpolung of bromide ion using alkali metal bromide with Oxone is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclable and Reusable [RuCl2(p‐cymene)] 2/Cu(OAc)2/PEG‐400/H2O System for Oxidative C—H Bond Alkenylations: Green Synthesis of Phthalides.
Authors: Zhao Hong , Zhang Tinli , Yan Tao , Cai Mingzhong
Published: January 2016

Alkyl acrylates and acrylonitrile react with benzoic acids to give the title compounds in modest to high yields whereby substituents in ortho‐position of the benzoic acids remarkably improve yields independently from their electronic nature.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Cotinine and Iso‐Cotinine Analogues from an Ugi‐4CR Approach.
Authors: Polindara‐Garcia Luis A. , Montesinos‐Miguel Dario , Vazquez Alfredo
Published: January 2016

The cotinine analogues [e.g. (VI)] are synthesized from 3‐pyridinylaldehydes [e.g. (I)] in two steps under base‐mediated reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Cyanation of Indoles with Acetonitrile as a Cyano Source.
Authors: Zhao Mengdi , Zhang Wei , Shen Zengming
Published: January 2016

Cyanation occurs regioselectively in 3‐position.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Naphthylindole Construction by Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Direct Arylation of Indoles with 1‐Diazonaphthalen‐2‐(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Baral Ek Raj , Lee Yong Rok , Kim Sung Hong
Published: January 2016

The Rh‐catalyzed arylation of indoles (I) with 1‐diazonaphthalenones (II) affords a series of 3‐naphthylindoles (III) in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Polycyclic Spiropyrrolidine Oxindoles Bearing Mesityl Oxide Unit via a Three‐Component 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Wang Hui‐Juan , Pan Bo‐Wen , Zhang Wen‐Hui , Yang Chao , Liu Xiong‐Li , Zhao Zhi , Feng Ting‐Ting , Zhou Ying , Yuan Wei‐Cheng
Published: January 2016

A facile and efficient methodology is developed for the synthesis of multifunctional polycyclic spiropyrrolidine oxindoles via a three‐component 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of dienones (III) with azomethine ylides (thermally generated in situ from isatin derivatives and proline or thioproline).
ChemInform Abstract: Diverse Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3‐b]indol and Dihydropyrano[2,3‐b]indol via Tunable Lewis Bases Catalyzed Domino Reactions.
Authors: Liu Yufen , Du Yanlong , Yu Aimin , Qin Dabin , Meng Xiangtai
Published: January 2016

Tunable domino reactions between methyleneindolones and allenoates are developed leading to pyrano[2,3‐b]indoles with either an E‐ or a Z‐configured ethylidene substituent, or dihydropyrano[2,3‐b]indol.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of N‐Sulfonylaziridines with Indoles: Efficient Construction of Pyrroloindolines.
Authors: Chai Zhuo , Zhu You‐Min , Yang Pei‐Jun , Wang Shaoyin , Wang Shaowu , Liu Zhen , Yang Gaosheng
Published: January 2016

A Lewis acid catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of indoles and 2‐aryl‐N‐tosylaziridines by using Cu(I)/chiral diphosphine catalysts gives pyrroloindolines with high enantioselectivity under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectively Controlled Synthesis of 3(5)‐(Trifluoromethyl)pyrazolylbenzenesulfonamides and Their Effects on a Pathological Pain Model in Mice.
Authors: Zanatta Nilo , et al.
Published: January 2016

Depending on the reaction conditions, the reaction of (I) with (II) gives 3‐trifluoromethyl‐pyrazolylbenzenesulfonamides (V) or 5‐trifluoromethyl‐pyrazolylbenzenesulfonamides (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Aluminum‐Catalyzed Oxazolidinone Synthesis and Their Conversion into Functional Non‐Symmetrical Ureas.
Authors: Laserna Victor , Guo Wusheng , Kleij Arjan W.
Published: January 2016

The Al‐catalyzed reaction of epoxides with phenyl carbamate affords stereoselectively oxazolidinones, which are readily transformed into non‐symmetrical ureas by reaction with amines.