bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Efisiensi Energi Listrik Dengan Menggunakan Sistem Kontrol Inncom Di The Laguna, A Luxury Collection Resort & Spa
Authors: Sukadana I Wayan , Manuaba I Nyoman , Asna I Made , Yasa I Wayan Sugara
Published: July 2023

The Laguna, A Luxury Collection Resort & Spa merupakan salah satu resort yang memerlukan cukup banyak energi listrik,  sehingga efisiensi penggunaan energi listrik di The Laguna, A Luxury Collection Resort & Spa sangatlah penting. Cara untuk mengoptimalkan efisiensi energi listrik yaitu dengan menggunakan sistem kontrol inncom. Penggunaan sistem kontrol inncom dipilih karena mampu mengatur sistem kelistrikan setiap kamar secara otomatis. Pada saat kamar tidak ditempati tamu, maka temperatur ruangan di  22º C dan semua lampu kamar akan mati . Pada saat tamu masuk kamar lampu akan menyala dan suhu ruangan berubah menjadi 20º C.  Namun jika tamu sudah check out maka maka semua lampu akan off dan unit Fcu akan kembali ke set yaitu 22º. Konsumsi tenaga listrik sebelum menggunakan inncom  sebesar 23,42 kWh/hari dan setelah menggunakan sistem kontrol income 12.54 KWh / hari. Efisiensi yang didaptakan dengan menggunakan sistem kontrol inncom yaitu sebesar 10,89  KWh/ hari. BEP yang didapatkan dari pengunaan sistem kontrol inncom adalah 25, 38 bulan.
Martin Lensch: „Eine kommissarische Verwendung kommt bei Pastor Lensch und seiner ablehnenden Haltung zum heutigen Kurs kaum in Frage“
Authors: Maeger Lilian
Published: July 2023

Martin Siegmund Lensch, Sohn von Johann Heinrich und Anna Sophia Lensch, wurde am 11. April 1869 auf Pellworm geboren. Er war der erste festangestellte Pastor der neuen Gemeinde Neu-Galmsbüll. Ab 1910 wirkte er bis zu seinem
Ruhestand 1934 als Pastor in Elmshorn. Lensch war Mitglied der Bekennenden Kirche. Er gehörte zu den wenigen Theologen, die dem NS-Regime ablehnend gegenüberstanden.
TRACE ELEMENTS IN FOOD PRODUCTION OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTION
Authors: Kupchak D. V. , Lyubimova O. I.
Published: July 2023

The article substantiates the possibility of using vanadyl sulfate as an ingredient in the production of hypoglycemic food products. A number of literature sources have been analyzed, which indicate the oxidative and hypoglycemic ability of vanadium compounds.
COMPETITIVE PROMOTION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES:
WOMEN'S AGENDA
Authors: Artemenko T. V.
Published: July 2023

The article notes the attention in the world community to the women's agenda in international trade, indicates certain provisions of the National Action Strategy for Women regarding the promotion of women's entrepreneurship, briefly describes the provisions of Russian competitions that stimulate women's participation in exports and identify the best experience of their support by Regional Export Support Centers
ON THE QUESTION OF THE CONCEPT OF MONOPOLIZATION
AND ITS PROHIBITION
Authors: Danilovskaya A. V.
Published: July 2023

The Constitution of the Russian Federation in Article 34 provides for the prohibition of economic activities aimed at monopolization. However, there is no definition of the term "monopolization" in Russian legislation. Such a situation inevitably raises the question of understanding monopolization as such and what exactly the legal prohibition is aimed at. The absence of clearly defined boundaries of the constitutional prohibition in the law leads to misunderstanding and ignoring threats to competition as an important principle of the market economy. Meanwhile, clarity on this issue is necessary for the effectiveness of state policy in the field of competition protection, which largely depends on how fully and clearly legal regulations are formulated for the law enforcement officer.
APPROPRIATION AND EMBEZZLEMENT: GENERAL ISSUES OF DIFFERENTIATION WITH RELATED ELEMENTS OF THE CRIME
Authors: Merinov S. E. , Petrova N. A.
Published: July 2023

The work is devoted to the review of some aspects of legislation regarding the differentiation of the corpus delicti provided for in Article 160 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with related corpus delicti
ANGLICISMS AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IN PROFESSIONAL
ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Pak S. M. , Gizbrecht M. V.
Published: July 2023

In linguistic papers devoted to the problems of borrowings the following issues are as a rule of researchers’ interest: the level of the language adaptation of loan words as well as means of borrowing. In the given article the purpose is different, and namely, to elicit historical, social and political reasons of English borrowings. The phenomenon of anglicism is considered from the viewpoint of professional activity. The authors have chosen the spheres that are most representative in terms of anglicism, i.e., economy including IT, banking, PR and advertising, marketing, insurance; politics, and sport. Novelty of the research consists in the attempt to explore the reasons for English borrowings differently, each sphere in turn. Classification of anglicisms is done bases on the causes.
Green infrastructure as
panacea
,
deus ex machina
, or both?
Authors: Mell Ian , Whitten Meredith
Published: July 2023

The concept of ‘green infrastructure’ gained prominence within urban planning as decision-makers attempted to create more sustainable and multi-functional places. However, as the concept gained traction its advocates engaged in a process of terminological exploration which led to divergencies in praxis. The result has been an ongoing debate regarding what green infrastructure ‘is’ and whether alternative terms are better placed to address contemporary planning issues. The wider debates regarding green infrastructure have been framed as a ‘solution’ to complex and often historical landscape and urban planning problems. We argue that situating green infrastructure as a
panacea
, a
deus ex machina
, or
both
undermines understanding of the concept’s principles and application in practice. However, there is a value to these debates if, and where, they facilitate consensus on how, what and where investments should be made by decision-makers.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/
Introducing the Texas Euclid Survey for Lyα (TESLA) Survey: Initial Study Correlating Galaxy Properties to Lyα Emission
Authors: Chávez Ortiz Óscar A. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Davis Dustin , Leung Gene , Mentuch Cooper Erin , Bagley Micaela , Larson Rebecca , Casey Caitlin M. , McCarron Adam P. , Gebhardt Karl , Guo Yuchen , Liu Chenxu , Laseter Isaac , Rhodes Jason , Bender Ralf , Fabricius Max , Sánchez Ariel G. , Scarlata Claudia , Capak Peter , Zalesky Lukas , Sanders David , Szapudi Istvan , Baxter Eric , McPartland Conor , Weaver John R. , Toft Sune , Mobasher Bahram , Suzuki Nao , Chartab Nima
Published: July 2023

We present the Texas Euclid Survey for Lyα (TESLA), a spectroscopic survey in the 10 deg2 of the Euclid North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) field. Using TESLA, we study how the physical properties of Lyα emitters (LAEs) correlate with Lyα emission to understand the escape of Lyα emission from galaxies at redshifts of 2–3.5. We present an analysis of 43 LAEs performed in the NEP field using early data from the TESLA survey. We use Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam imaging in the grizy bands, Spitzer/IRAC channels 1 and 2 from the Hawaii 20 deg2 (H20) survey, and spectra acquired by the Visible Integral-Field Replicable Unit Spectrograph (VIRUS) on the Hobby–Eberly Telescope. We perform spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting to compute the galaxy properties of 43 LAEs, and study correlations between stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), and dust to the Lyα rest-frame equivalent width (W
Lyα
). We uncover marginal (1σ significance) correlations between stellar mass and W
Lyα
, and SFR and W
Lyα
, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of −0.

34

−
.14

+
.17

and −0.

37

−
.14

+
.16

, respectively. We show that the W
Lyα
distribution of the 43 LAEs is consistent with being drawn from an exponential distribution with an e-folding scale of W
0 = 150 Å. Once complete the TESLA survey will enable the study of ≳50,000 LAEs to explore more correlations between galaxy properties and W
Lyα
. The large sample size will allow the construction of a predictive model for W
Lyα
as a function of SED-derived galaxy properties, which could be used to improve Lyα-based constraints on reionization.
Particle-in-cell Simulations of Mildly Relativistic Outflows in Kilonova Emissions
Authors: Rassel Mohira , Kilian Patrick , Aberham Vito , Spanier Felix , Lloyd-Ronning Nicole , Fryer Chris L.
Published: July 2023

The electromagnetic emission from neutron star mergers is comprised of multiple components. Synchrotron emission from the disk-powered jet and thermal emission from the merger ejecta (powered by a variety of sources) are among the most studied sources. The low masses and high velocities of the merger ejecta quickly develop conditions where emission from collisionless shocks becomes critical and synchrotron emission from the merger ejecta constitutes a third component to the observed signal. The aim of this project is to examine shock development, magnetic field generation, and particle acceleration in the case of mildly relativistic shocks, which are expected when the tidal ejecta of neutron star mergers drive a shock into the external medium. Using LANL’s vector particle-in-cell (VPIC) code, we have run simulations of such mildly relativistic, collisionless, weakly magnetized plasmas and computed the resultant magnetic fields and particle energy spectra. We show the effects of varying plasma conditions, as well as explore the validity of using different proton-to-electron mass ratios in VPIC. Our results have implications for observing late-time electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave detections of neutron star mergers.
Interpreting the Si ii and C ii Line Spectra from the COS Legacy Archive Spectroscopic SurveY Using a Virtual Galaxy from a High-resolution Radiation-hydrodynamic Simulation
Authors: Gazagnes Simon , Mauerhofer Valentin , Berg Danielle A. , Blaizot Jeremy , Verhamme Anne , Garel Thibault , Erb Dawn K. , Arellano-Córdova Karla Z. , Brinchmann Jarle , Chisholm John , Hayes Matthew , Henry Alaina , James Bethan L. , Jaskot Anne , Jurlin Nika , Martin Crystal L. , Maseda Michael , Scarlata Claudia , Skillman Evan D. , Wilkins Stephen M. , Wofford Aida , Xu Xinfeng
Published: July 2023

Observations of low-ionization state metal lines provide crucial insights into the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies, yet, disentangling the physical processes responsible for the emerging line profiles is difficult. This work investigates how mock spectra generated using a single galaxy in a radiation-hydrodynamical simulation can help us interpret observations of a real galaxy. We create 22,500 C ii and Si ii spectra from the virtual galaxy at different times and through multiple lines of sight and compare them with the 45 observations of low-redshift star-forming galaxies from the COS Legacy Spectroscopic SurveY (classy). We find that the mock profiles provide accurate replicates of the observations of 38 galaxies with a broad range of stellar masses (106–109
M
⊙) and metallicities (0.02–0.55 Z
⊙). Additionally, we highlight that aperture losses explain the weakness of the fluorescent emission in several classy spectra and must be accounted for when comparing simulations to observations. Overall, we show that the evolution of a single simulated galaxy can produce a large diversity of spectra whose properties are representative of galaxies of comparable or smaller masses. Building upon these results, we explore the origin of the continuum, residual flux, and fluorescent emission in the simulation. We find that these different spectral features all emerge from distinct regions in the galaxy’s ISM, and their characteristics can vary as a function of the viewing angle. While these outcomes challenge simplified interpretations of down-the-barrel spectra, our results indicate that high-resolution simulations provide an optimal framework to interpret these observations.
Comparing Early Evolution of Flames in X-Ray Bursts in Two and Three Dimensions
Authors: Zingale Michael , Eiden Kiran , Katz Max
Published: July 2023

We explore the early evolution of flame ignition and spreading on the surface of a neutron star in three dimensions, in the context of X-ray bursts. We look at the nucleosynthesis and morphology of the burning front and compare to two-dimensional axisymmetric simulations to gauge how important a full three-dimensional treatment of the flame is for the early dynamics. Finally, we discuss the progress toward full-star resolved flame simulations.
First case report of isolation of Micrococcus lylae from urinary catheter of a 50-year-old woman suffering from malignancy
Authors: Mandviya Pooja , Ghanwate Niraj , Thakare Prashant
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most common healthcare-associated infection which tends to cause increased length of morbidity, and mortality of patients, in addition to increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
Methodology: In the present study, urinary catheters were collected from a 50-year-old woman suffering from malignancy, bedridden, and having urinary incontinence. These catheters were processed in laboratory for isolation of bacteria using standard procedures.
Results: Microbiological examination of the urinary catheters by biochemical, physiological, and VITEK 2 compact system revealed bacterial infection caused by Micrococcus lylae, a Gram-positive microorganism belonging to the family Micrococcacea. These Gram-positive bacteria were found to be susceptible to streptomycin, erythromycin, cefotaxime, neomycin, kanamycin, vancomycin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Bacterial species were confirmed using 16s rRNA sequencing.
Conclusions: The sequences were found to have 99% similarity with Micrococcus lylae. This is the first report of isolation of Micrococcus lylae from the urinary catheter.
Respiratory tract infection after oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia and related factors
Authors: Chen Feng , Fang Leilei , Feng Kunkun , Xu Jianbo
Published: July 2023

Introduction: We aimed to explore the respiratory tract infection after oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia and related factors
Methodology: A total of 494 patients receiving oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation were assigned to a non-infection group (n=469) and an infection group (n=25). Another 494 healthy people undergoing physical examination in the same period were enrolled to establish a classification tree model. The distribution of pathogens, drug resistance of main pathogens, and related influencing factors of postoperative respiratory tract infection were analyzed. The influencing factors of respiratory tract infection were screened by logistic regression analysis. After construction of the classification and regression tree (CART) model based on the influencing factors, the accuracy was evaluated by plotting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly resistant to cefazolin and more sensitive to cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and imipenem. Staphylococcus aureus was highly resistant to gentamicin and more sensitive to vancomycin. Age ≥ 60 years old, history of lung diseases, operation time ≥ 4 h, anesthesia ventilation time ≥ 120 min, and orotracheal intubation were independent influencing factors of respiratory tract infection (p< 0.05). The results of the gain chart, index map, and Risk value indicated a high predictive value of the CART model for the risk of postoperative respiratory tract infection. The area under the ROC curve was 0.869 [95% confidence interval: 0.795-0.947].
Conclusions: The CART model has a high predictive value and may reduce the risk of postoperative infection.
The main predictive factors of worse outcome in patients with COVID-19 infection hospitalized in temporary COVID hospital
Authors: Djurdjevic Jovana , Tomonjic Nina , Cirkovic Andja , Lukovic Sretko , Pavlovic Luka , Rasic Melanija , Perovic Marko , Banko Ana , Jeremic Ivica
Published: July 2023

Introduction: After the Serbian community hospitals had reached their full capacity during the pandemic, new institutions were enrolled into the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) system as temporary COVID hospitals (TCH). These hospitals usually had no intensive care units (ICU) and no possibility to treat severely ill patients. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors at the time of triage that could help identify patients that will require ICU treatment and cannot be treated in a TCH.
Methodology: In this retrospective study, a total of 158 patients with COVID-19 infection were enrolled. The demographic information, underlying comorbidities, laboratory findings, chest X-rays, computed tomography scans, and clinical outcomes were obtained from medical records. Deterioration of a patient’s condition was regarded as a need for further transfer to ICU.
Results: During the hospitalization 15.2% of patients required transfer to ICU. Patients with deterioration were significantly older and there was no difference between genders. We observed a higher prevalence of hypertension, other cardiovascular diseases, lower lymphocyte and platelet counts, and higher IL-6 and troponin T in patients with deterioration. The multivariate logistical regression model showed that only age was an independent risk factor for deterioration and with each year of age, the risk for poor outcome increased by 8%.
Conclusions: Patients with cardiovascular risk factors, low lymphocyte and platelet counts, high IL-6 and troponin T and, especially, increased age should not be treated in a TCH because of the high possibility for deterioration and need for transfer to an ICU.
Increase in veterinary prescriptions of azithromycin during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Del Fiol Fernando de Sá , Bergamaschi Cristiane de Cassia , De Andrade Isaltino Pereira , Tolentino da Silva Marcus , Barberato-Filho Silvio , Bellini Silva Bianca Gianola , Higa Nakaghi Andrea Cristina , Cruz Lopes Luciane
Published: July 2023

Introduction: With the advent of the pandemic in 2020 and the lack of perspectives on the treatment of COVID-19, numerous therapeutic proposals have emerged, including hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. Therefore, some studies have shown that in many countries, the demand for azithromycin has increased during the pandemic. In Brazil, antibiotics can only be purchased with a medical, dental, or veterinary prescription. This study aimed to determine whether the number of prescriptions made by veterinarians (which could be used by humans) has increased during the pandemic.
Methodology: Data on the purchase of antibiotics made under veterinary prescriptions in Brazilian pharmacies between 2014 and 2021 were collected. To assess the changes in monthly trends in the use of the selected antibiotics, we applied the Joinpoint regression.
Results: The most prescribed antibiotic in all years was cephalexin (35%), followed by amoxicillin (24%). During the pandemic, sales of azithromycin substantially increased. Regression analysis showed that since 2014, azithromycin prescriptions grew by an average of 0.67% per month. At the beginning of the pandemic, the monthly growth rate became 12.64%. When comparing azithromycin sales during the pandemic with the historical average (2014–2019), the increase was 41%.
Conclusions: During the pandemic, there was no animal health situation in Brazil that required the use of this antibiotic. Veterinary prescriptions may have been an instrument for human access to azithromycin for the treatment of COVID-19. Stricter enforcement policies are needed to address this problem to avoid antimicrobial resistance.
Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps and Comorbid Asthma: Results of Reslizumab Treatment
Authors: Boiko Natalia , Stagnieva Irina , Lodochkina Olga
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:  Chronic  rhinosinusitis  with  nasal  polyps  (CRSwNP)  and  asthma  are  comorbid,  mutually burdening, difficult-to-treat diseases. The presence of a correlation between the severity of the course of CRSwNP and eosinophilic asthma, the  proximity of the endotypes of these diseases, and the success in the application of humanized monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of severe asthma explain the interest in the study of the possibility of using this group of medications in patients with CRSwNP.
AIM: The present study purposes to evaluate changes in the severity of CRS symptoms in patients with comorbid asthma during reslizumab treatment. The clinical effect of the treatment, the dynamics of subjective and objective characteristics of (CRSwNP) and asthma symptoms, indicators of general and local eosinophilia have been analyzed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 18 patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, treated with reslizumab. Research protocol: the first examination conducted before reslizumab treatment included an assessment of clinical symptoms using Sino-nasal outcome test-22 and asthma control test, endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity, computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses, rhinocytogram, determination of the content of eosinophils and eosinophil cation protein in the blood, spirometry. Evaluation of the results of treatment was carried out after 6 injections of reslizumab at a dose of 3 mg/kg 1 time every 4 weeks. The obtained data were processed by means of the “Statistica 12.0” program (StatSoft, USA). The  differences in the indicators were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: After 6 injections of reslizumab both a noticeable improvement in asthma control and a decrease in the severity of the nasal symptoms were noted. A more evident effect in diminution of asthma symptoms due to the use of reslizumab was obtained in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma with CRSwNP compared with cases without polyps.
CONCLUSION: Treatment with reslizumab in patients with eosinophilic asthma and concomitant CRS with polyps and eosinophilic CRS leads not only to improved control of asthma symptoms but also to significant regression of nasal symptoms.
Evidence from mitochondrial genomics on interordinal relationships in insects
Authors: Cameron Stephen , Beckenbach Andrew , Dowton Mark , Whiting Michael
Published: July 2023

Mitochondrial (mt) genomes are the largest molecular data source for deep level insect phylogenetics that is also obtainable in a reasonable timeframe and for a reasonable cost. Over 100 insect mt genomes have been sequenced, representing 29 of the 30 orders, multiple suborders for a third of the orders, and many representatives of the mega-diverse orders. Genome rearrangements have been found in a third of the insect orders however these rearrangements diagnose groups of ordinal or lower rank. Sequence based phylogenetic hypotheses utilizing mt genomic data are a promising source of data on interordinal relationships however these studies are hampered by base compositional biases, unequal rates of nucleotide substitution across groups and other long-branch effects. Available data from the field of insect mitogenomic phylogenetics is reviewed and future directions in this research outlined.
Ovariole structure supports sistergroup relationship of Neuroptera and Coleoptera
Authors: Büning Jürgen
Published: July 2023

Insect ovaries consist of functional units, the ovarioles. Each ovariole is a polarized tube with a germarial region at its anterior end. Undifferentiated germarial germ cells may differentiate either into oocytes alone (so-called panoistic ovarioles) or in oocytes and nurse cells (so-called meroistic ovarioles). Whenever nurse cells accompany an oocyte through all growth periods in a separated physiological unit – the follicle – the subtype is called polytrophic meroistic. In telotrophic meroistic ovarioles all nurse cells remain in an anterior trophic chamber and contribute their products finally into all growing oocytes via nutritive cords. Differences in the mode of germ cell cluster formation and the specifi c interaction of germ cells with the somatic tissues were causing these different types. All three types are constant at the family to order level or even at a supra-order level. Therefore the characters which lead to these types are excellent candidates to unravel order and supraorder ranked taxa. Data from the analysis of germ cell cluster formation are presented which corroborate the sistergroup relationship of Neuropterida and Coleoptera.
The potential value of the mid-abdominal musculature and nervous system in the reconstruction of interordinal relationships in Lower Neoptera
Authors: Klug Rebecca , Klass Klaus
Published: July 2023

The mid-abdominal musculature and its innervation are compared for several lower neopteran “orders”; data on Embioptera and Mantophasmatodea are presented for the fi rst time. For the sclerotisations, the musculature, and the nervous system of the mid-abdomen general descriptions are given, and general aspects of homologisation in these elements are explained; for the lateral muscles the distinction of three groups innervated by the T-, B-, or C-nerves is confi rmed. Differences in the musculature and nervous system of the lower neopteran lineages are discussed and evaluated with regard to their phylogenetic implications. Conditions in Ephemeroptera, Megaloptera, and Zygentoma are partly included in the discussion. Several characters were found to be informative on interordinal relationships. Plecoptera have features probably plesiomorphic at the neopteran level: the origin of nerve A in front of the ganglion and the innervation of intrasegmental lateral muscles by nerve A; this may support the monophyly of a taxon comprising all other Neoptera. The hyperneural muscle found in many Dictyoptera also appears as a uniquely plesiomorphic structure (at the pterygotan level). The co-occurrence of two specifi c lateral muscles supplied by nerve B as well as certain subdivisions in the lateral muscles may support a clade Phasmatodea + Embioptera. We also point to character systems that appear informative on the internal phylogeny of order-level taxa, such as the relationships between nerves T and M in Plecoptera, the ventral musculature in Ensifera, the dorsal musculature in Dermaptera, and details of the hyperneural muscle in Dictyoptera. Besides the very low number of taxa studied so far, major problems still persistent in the use of mid-abdominal characters for phylogenetic work are (1) the insuffi cient knowledge on topographic homologies for the lateral cuticular areas of the mid-abdomen; (2) lacking knowledge on the neuronal structural level of the mid-abdominal nervous system; (3) diffi culties in the homologisation of muscles and nerves between Pterygota and the apterygote Archaeognatha and Zygentoma, which are partly due to the presence of a system of non-cuticular tendons in the latter and limit outgroup comparison for Pterygota.
A contribution to the phylogeny of the Ciidae and its relationships with other cucujoid and tenebrionoid beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia)
Authors: Buder Gerda , Grossmann Christin , Hundsdoerfer Anna , Klass Klaus-Dieter
Published: July 2023

In order to study phylogenetic relationships in Ciidae, test its monophyly, and resolve its position within Cucujiformia, we sampled 20 species from 12 genera of Ciidae (Sphindocis not included), 27 species from 20 other families of Cucujoidea and Tenebrionoidea, 2 species from the cleroid family Trogossitidae (all Cucujiformia), and a bostrichid (Bostrichiformia). We analysed 18S, COI, and – for Ciidae – COII sequences according to maximum parsimony (fi xed alignment with equal and differentiated weighting, and partial direct optimization), maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methodology, all applied to three different subsets of the taxon sample. Saturation curves indicate that 18S, COI, and COII are informative at the systematic levels in question. We demonstrate that the extent to which a particular subgroup is sampled can strongly infl uence the phylogenetic results, even in distant corners of the tree. Ciidae is obtained as monophyletic. We find non-monophyly for the speciose genus Cis, and for Sulcacis. Different analyses suggest either Ropalodontus, or Sulcacis fronticornis + Xylographus + Octotemnus, or Sulcacis fronticornis + Xylographus alone as the sister group of the remaining Ciidae. Apart from a clade Sulcacis fronticornis + Xylographus the results for inter-generic relationships in Ciidae vary strongly with the analytical methods and taxon sampling. Different analyses place Ciidae as sister to Nitidulidae or far basally and isolated in the cucujoid-tenebrionoid assemblage. Regarding the phylogeny of the cucujoid-tenebrionoid assemblage, resolution is mostly confl icting. Yet, monophyly is supported for Sphindidae, Cryptophagidae, Tenebrionidae, Coccinellidae + Endomychidae, and Tetratomidae + Anthicidae + Monotomidae. Altogether, families from Cucujoidea and Tenebrionoidea are fairly mixed up in our trees, and the cleroid Trogossitidae falls within the cucujoid-tenebrionoid assemblage.
Branchiura (Crustacea) - Survey of Historical Literature and Taxonomy
Authors: Møller Ole
Published: July 2023

The Branchiura (carp lice) is a small group of parasitic Crustacea found mainly on freshwater fish comprising the four genera Argulus, Dolops, Chonopeltis and Dipteropeltis. The earliest descriptions of “carp lice” dates back to 10th century China, and several descriptions were made in the beginning of the “modern age” of Zoology beginning in the 18th century. However, the last genus to be described was Dipteropeltis as late as in 1912. While a few species like Argulus foliaceus, A. japonicus and Dolops ranarum are fairly well-known, most Branchiura species remain more or less uninvestigated. As the literature is far spread and often hard to access, this survey aims to give an overview of the most important available historical literature on morphology, and systematics / nomenclature in a chronological order for each of the four genera, to the hopeful benefit of Branchiura researchers.
Early crustacean evolution and the appearance of epipodites and gills
Authors: Maas Andreas , Haug Carolin , Haug Joachim , Olesen Jorgen , Zhang Xiguang , Waloszek Dieter
Published: July 2023

Epipodites are structures on the outer edges of crustacean appendages serving as gills or for osmoregulation. Their evolutionary origin has been debated for a long time. Three major issues are of relevance: 1) the function of epipodites, 2) their development, and 3) the fossil record. While it has long been a problem to distinguish the gill and osmoregulatory functions of epipodites histologically, this has recently become possible based on ultrastructure. A respiratory function has particularly been claimed for the limbs or parts of limbs of early arthropod fossils. Not only rami and cuticular structures, but also entire appendages, have been referred to as “gills”. Among living taxa, the opisthosomal limbs of limulids are called gills or gill limbs, although the numerous leaf-like gill structures occur only on the posterior side of the exopods. It has long been known that crustacean exopods do not serve a respiratory function, which is restricted to structures along the outer proximal edge of the limbs. Three-dimensionally preserved fossil crustaceans from the ‘Orsten’ have contributed much to our understanding of the evolution and phylogeny of Crustacea, in particular limb evolution. The recently discovered Yicaris dianensis from the Lower Cambrian demonstrates not only the presence but also the morphogenesis of three epipodites on all post-maxillulary appendages. Yicaris dianensis may therefore be a valuable model for understanding the evolutionary origin of epipodites, not least since comparative morphology demonstrates that epipodites show a large plasticity among living eucrustacean taxa and may not even be homologous. Epipodites are discussed here in the light of 1) other putative respiratory and osmoregulatory structures in other ‘Orsten’ taxa, 2) morphological and functional variations of epipodites in living eucrustaceans, and 3) the discovery of two new species of ‘Orsten’ eucrustaceans, also showing evidence of three epipodites. This contribution aims to provide a guide for further investigations on the evolution of crustacean epipodites.
Advances in crustacean phylogenetics
Authors: Richter Stefan , Møller Ole , Wirkner Christian
Published: July 2023

150 years after Darwin’s ‘Origin of Species’ and 100 years after W.T. Calman’s infl uential treatment on crustacean morphology and classifi cation, crustacean phylogenetics remains an active, exciting and controversial fi eld of research. An international symposium held from 7th–11th October 2008 at the University of Rostock attempted to summarize the latest developments. Molecular evidence suggests that crustaceans are paraphyletic with regard to the hexapods, though a few potential apomorphies of Crustacea can still be named. If Crustacea do turn out to be paraphyletic, the name should disappear from formal classifi cations, as simply including hexapods in the group would be tantamount to ignoring the different research histories. Nevertheless, ‘crustaceans’ will remain a colloquial term and crustaceanology (carcinology) an important fi eld of research. Within crustaceans, Branchiopoda and Malacostraca are well supported monophyla. While the internal phylogeny of Branchiopoda seems almost to be settled, it is still highly controversial within Malacostraca, in particular with regard to the peracarid taxa. The same can be said of the Decapoda. It remains uncertain whether the Maxillopoda is monophyletic, and while the monophyly of the Thecostraca is well supported, the origin of Rhizocephala remains enigmatic. Advances have been made in applying molecular systematic techniques to almost all crustacean taxa, but morphological research has also moved on. New morphological techniques provide new insights in our understanding of evolutionary transformations.
Simultaneous analysis and the origin of eusociality in the Vespidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera)
Authors: Pickett Kurt , Carpenter James
Published: July 2023

A review of the literature concerning the phylogenetics of the Vespidae is presented. We also present a new phylogenetic analysis of the Vespidae based on what is by far the largest taxon sample to include molecular data, and the largest phenotypic character dataset ever compiled. Relationships among the subfamilies are Euparagiinae + (Masarinae + (Eumeninae + (Stenogastrinae + (Polistinae + Vespinae)))), with all the subfamilies monophyletic. A single origin of eusociality is thus supported. Our results empirically supersede all previous treatments and should be the preferred scaffold of the family for studies of social behavior.
Systematics of the new Australasian orb-weaving spider genus Backobourkia (Araneae: Araneidae: Araneinae)
Authors: Framenau Volker , Dupérré Nadine , Blackledge Todd , Vink Cor
Published: July 2023

Backobourkia, a new Australasian genus of orb-weaving spider (family Araneidae Clerck, 1758) is proposed with Backobourkia heroine (L. Koch, 1871) as type species. Two other species are included in the genus: B. brounii (Urquhart, 1885) comb. nov. (here removed from synonymy with B. heroine) and B. collina (Keyserling, 1886) comb. nov. (= Araneus reversus Hogg, 1914, new synonymy). A phylogenetic analysis places Backobourkia within the ‘coxal hook clade’ of the subfamily Araneinae Clerck, 1758 and close to Eriophora Simon, 1864; however, Backobourkia differs from other Australasian Araneinae by the proposed synapopomorphy of a long fl ange at the base of the median apophysis in males. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) supports the monophyly of Backobourkia in a limited dataset that includes exemplars of Australasian Araneidae and Eriophora ravilla (C.L. Koch, 1844) (type species of Eriophora Simon, 1864). Backobourkia brounii and B. heroine are sister taxa in this analysis. Backobourkia collina is unusual within the genus and amongst most Araneinae as it displays extreme sexual size dimorphism (SSD), with females on average more than four times the size of males. Comparison with the other two Backobourkia species (and other Araneinae) suggests male dwarfi sm rather than female gigantism for this SSD. Some morphological differences of B. collina males to its congeners are evident, possibly due to its reduced size. These include characters of putative phylogenetic signal at the genus level such as eye position, shape of male pedipalp sclerites and the absence or presence of endite teeth or coxal hooks. Backobourkia species are common throughout Australia, with B. heroine more prevalent in the western and B. brounii in the eastern parts of the country. Backobourkia collina is mainly found throughout the arid regions. Backobourkia brounii is also found in New Zealand and B. heroine in New Caledonia. Araneus felinus (Butler, 1876), originally described as ‘Allied to E. heroine’, is here considered a nomen dubium as the type specimen appears to be lost and an accurate identifi cation based on the original description is not possible. The New Zealand Eriophora decorosa (Urquhart, 1894) is transferred to Acroaspis Karsch, 1878, A. decorosa (Urquhart, 1894) comb. nov.
Taxonomic revision and phylogeny of the genus Cetiocyon and its discovery in the Neotropical region (Insecta: Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Authors: Fikácek Martin , Short Andrew
Published: July 2023

The hydrophilid genus Cetiocyon Hansen (Sphaeridiinae: Megasternini) is diagnosed and revised, resulting in the fi rst record of the genus in the Neotropical Region and recognition of eight species in New Guinea. One new species, Cetiocyon incantatus new species, is described from Suriname, and four new species from the central mountain range of New Guinea: Cetiocyon cribripunctatus new species, Cetiocyon hebaueri new species, Cetiocyon riedeli new species, and Cetiocyon traipela new species. Four previously described species are redescribed: Cetiocyon goliathus (Huijbregts, 1984), Cetiocyon hanseni Hebauer, 2001, Cetiocyon loksai Hebauer, 2001, and Cetiocyon papuensis (d'Orchymont, 1924). An identifi cation key is included for all recognized species, along with photographs and illustrations of relevant morphological characters. A phylogenetic analysis based on 34 morphological characters supports the monophyly of the genus and its Australian – New Guinean origin, and suggests its close relationships to the New Guinean genus Platycyon Hansen and New Guinean species of Pelosoma Mulsant. Three distinctive lineages have been recognized within Cetiocyon, two represented by New Guinean species, the third by the Neotropical one. Possible reasons for the disjunct distribution of the genus are discussed, along with remarks about the composition of the Megasternini fauna in New Guinea.
Revision of the maculata-group of Phyllodromica: species from Central Europe (Insecta: Blattodea: Blattellidae: Ectobiinae)
Authors: Bohn Horst , Chládek František
Published: July 2023

The Central European species of the maculata-group of Phyllodromica are revised comprising six known species (Phyllodromica chladeki, P. harzi, P. hungarica, P. maculata, P. marani, and P. transylvanica) and three new species (P. latipennis from Slovakia and Hungary, P. halterisignata and P. variabilis from Romania). A short characterization of the group is given and all species are described and depicted with their main characteristics; the geographic distribution of the species is shown on several maps; determination keys allow the identifi cation of males and females. P. dobsiki has turned out to be a junior synonym of P. hungarica. Similarly, the name Blatta maculata Schreber, 1781, is most likely a junior synonym of Blatta schaefferi Goeze, 1778; the authors propose to consider schaefferi as a nomen dubium and to retain maculata as the valid name.
First evidence of aggressive chemical mimicry in the Malagasy orb weaving spider Exechocentrus lancearius Simon, 1889 (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae) and description of a second species in the genus
Authors: Scharff Nikolaj , Hormiga Gustavo
Published: July 2023

The araneid genus Exechocentrus Simon, 1889 and its type species Exechocentrus lancearius were originally described based on a single female specimen from Madagascar, which was missing the abdomen. The first complete adult specimen, a female, of Excechocentrus lancearius was collected in 2000. A second adult female of Excechocentrus sp. was discovered in 2009, about 300 km away from the first locality. We redescribe the neotype of Exechocentrus lancearius and describe the second adult female as Exechocentrus madilina new species. We also report some observations on the natural history of Exechocentrus lancearius, including photographs of its highly modified foraging web, which provide indirect evidence of aggressive chemical mimicry.
Phylogeny of the Saxifraga-associated species of Dichotrachelus (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with remarks on their radiation in the Alps
Authors: Meregalli Massimo , Menardo Fabrizio , Klass Klaus , Cervalla Piero
Published: July 2023

A phylogenetic analysis of the Saxifraga-associated species of Dichotrachelus was carried out based on morphological and, for some species, molecular data. The various methods implemented gave congruent results and yielded a significantly supported phylogenetic inference of the relationships among the species. Saxifraga-associated species form a monophyletic unit, and some species-groups were evidenced, distributed in the eastern, central and western Alps, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic inference, and taking into account palaeogeological and palaeogeographical information, a biogeographic scenario of the events that may have led to the present-day distribution is proposed.
Biology of a leaf miner (Coleoptera) on Liaoningocladus boii (Coniferales) from the Early Cretaceous of northeastern China and the leaf-mining biology of possible insect culprit clades
Authors: Ding Qiaoling , Labandeira Conrad , Dong Ren
Published: July 2023

Specimens of the broad-leaved conifer, Liaoningocladus boii Sun, Zheng & Mei 2000 were evaluated from the mid Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation occurring overwhelmingly at Dawangzhangzi, Liaoning Province, NE China. Arthropod-mediated plant damage types (DTs) were categorized for 343 specimens of this host; one of these DTs represented a distinctive leaf-mine, DT280, established as Fossafolia offae Ding, Labandeira & Ren, ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. A comparison of DT280 to analogous modern leaf mines was based on: (1) leaf-mine features observed in modern leaf mines; (2) likelihood of a particular leaf-mine culprit lineage being present, given phylogenetic evidence; and (3) body fossils of the candidate culprit occurring in the same or a spatiotemporally proximal deposit. Evidence from these three and other sources of information indicate the most likely miner of F. offae was an extinct species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera), perhaps similar to modern leaf-mining tribe Trachyini. Much less likely affiliations were Mordellidae, Chrysomelidae and Curculionoidea. Fossafolia offae leaf mines were produced by a larva that consisted of four instars, engaged in full-depth tissue feeding, partitioned into a linear, earlier-phase mine with a distinctive frass trail and a more blotch-like, later-phase mine. Adults of this leaf miner likely fed on L. boii, producing linear patches of intercostal window feeding, assigned to DT103, or less likely, may have been a pollinator. The adult female likely laid eggs singly into leaf tissues between adjacent major veins, resulting in DT101 ovipositional damage. This study provides for the use of multiple damage-types to document life-history feeding traits for a single herbivore species. Consequently, we introduce the damage-type suite concept to refer to two or more different damage types genetically linked to the same culprit herbivore that issue from different developmental stages (larvae, adult), or are produced by different tissue-penetrating insect organs (ovipositors, mouthparts). In addition, we provide a basis for using three types of general evidence necessary to elucidate identification of the culprit.
Unravelling the goblin spiders puzzle: rDNA phylogeny of the family Oonopidae (Araneae)
Authors: De Busschere Charlotte , Fannes Wouter , Henrard Arnaud , Gaublomme Eva , Jocqué Rudy , Baert Léon
Published: July 2023

The mega-diverse haplogyne family of goblin spiders (Oonopidae Simon, 1890) has long been among the most poorly known families of spiders. However, since the launch of the goblin spider Planetary Biodiversity Inventory project knowledge about Oonopidae is rapidly expanding. Currently, Oonopidae is placed within the superfamily Dysderoidea and is divided into three subfamilies. Nevertheless, the monophyly and internal phylogeny of this family has not yet been investigated based on DNA sequence data. Hence, this study reports the first phylogeny based on ribosomal sequence data including 37 oonopid genera and representatives of all families within the Dysderoidea. These results suggest that the majority of the oonopid genera constitute a natural group. Moreover, two subfamilies Orchestininae and Sulsulinae and several morphologically defined groups e.g. the Zyngoonops- and Dysderina-groups, were well supported. In contrast, the Pelicinus-, Stenoonops- and Scaphiella-groups were not corroborated. Although most genera represented by more than one specimen were recovered as monophyletic, our study casts doubt on the monophyly of the genus Aschnaoonops Makhan & Ezzatpanah, 2011. Furthermore, the results corroborate that a low degree of body sclerotisation might be considered as a plesiomorphic trait.
The genus Callistethus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) in the Neotropics: new data and new species from Costa Rica
Authors: Filippini Valentina , Galante Eduardo , Micó Estefanía
Published: July 2023

The species Callistethus carbo sp.n., C. flavodorsalis sp.n., C. fuscorubens sp.n., C. lativittis sp.n., C. levigatus sp.n., C. macroxantholeus sp.n., C. microxantholeus sp.n., C. multiplicatus sp.n., C. parapulcher sp.n., C. pseudocollaris sp.n. and C. stannibractea sp.n. from Costa Rica are described. Synonymy of Callistethus kolbei (Ohaus, 1897) with Callistethus specularis (Bates, 1888) is proposed. A phylogenetic analysis based on the genes 16S, COI and 28S is carried out for Costa Rican species and diagnostic morphological features for the genus are tested on it for phylogenetic signal. An identification key for Callistethus species of Costa Rica is provided. The distribution patterns of Callistethus species in Costa Rica are discussed.
Phylogenetic and biogeographical review of the Drepanocerina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Oniticellini)
Authors: Roggero Angela , Barbero Enrico , Palestrini Claudia
Published: July 2023

A phylogenetic analysis of Drepanocerina based on 81 morphological characters was conducted using various analytical approaches (Maximum Parsimony, New Technology Search, Bayesian Inference, and Phylogenetic Networks Analysis). Twelve lineages ranked at the generic level were resolved, with full congruency among the four analytical methods. Results allowed to propose two new genera, which are herein described as Paraixodina gen. nov. and Epidrepanus gen. nov. In addition, the previously unknown Eodrepanus integriceps and Sinodrepanus similis females were identified and described. A biogeographic analysis was performed based on 14 geographic macro-areas, partitioning the subtribe and outgroup distributional ranges. Based on the inferred phylogeny and biogeography, an ancestral distribution and radiation scenario from the Central East Africa macroarea (Afrotropical Region) was proposed. The biogeographic implications of past and present-day relationships within Drepanocerina was discussed.