bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I-D Orientation as a Predictor of Preference for Transitive Hierarchy and Egalitarianism in Human Social Groups
Authors:   , Egert David
Published: February 2023

I-D orientation is a personality characteristic that refers to the extent to which individuals compensate for uncertainty in their environment. Those who compensate more are termed delayed-return individuals whereas those who compensate less are termed immediate return individuals. This study examined the relationship between I-D orientation among undergraduate students and preference for and engagement in hierarchical or egalitarian behaviors while in small groups with undefined power distribution. Because immediate-return societies (such as some indigenous African tribes) are largely based on egalitarianism and equality, it is expected that immediate-return individuals would prefer more egalitarian relationships. The l-D orientation of each student was determined and their behaviors while in a three-person debate group were both self-rated and externally-rated to determine any shifting towards hierarchical or egalitarian relationships. Based on data from the external raters, a significant relationship between I-D orientation and an individual’s shifting towards egalitarianism and transitive dominance was found. These results support the notion that immediate-return individuals favor and behave in egalitarian ways, even though they themselves are not aware of these behaviors.
Perceptions of Solicited Versus Unsolicited Self-Disclosure
Authors:   , Hund Renee
Published: February 2023

Jacobson and Anderson's non-empirically-based pilot observations for their 1982 study revealed that subjects tended to give high ratings of social skill to those individuals who self-disclosed only when directly solicited to do so and who tended to avoid unsolicited self-references. The present study hypothesized that Individuals who gave only solicited self-disclosures would receive higher ratings of social skillfulness, social appropriateness, and Interpersonal attraction than Individuals who give only unsolicited self-disclosures. In the present study, classes of male and female students taking general education courses were randomly assigned to listen to one of four audio taped scenarios which consisted of one male and one female actor conversing. In each tape, one actor was giving either solicited or unsolicited self-disclosure to the opposite-sexed non-discloser. After subjects had listened to the audiotape, they rated both the discloser and non-discloser on the three dimensions of social appropriateness, social skillfulness, and interpersonal attractiveness. A three-way multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to determine the existence of significant relationships within the data. This analysis confirmed the hypothesis that unsolicited self-disclosers would receive lower ratings of social appropriateness and Interpersonal attraction than solicited self-disclosers; however, they did not receive lower ratings of social skillfulness. Also, the present study did not reveal the presence of sex differences.
Opinions Concerning Unique Dual Relationships Among Recovering Substance Abuse Counselors in Rural and Urban Settings
Authors:   , Powell Les
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate opinions of recovering substance abuse counselors concerning unique dual relationships. The independent variables were length of time in recovery, length of time in field (amount of work experience), amount of formal education, gender, and geographical location (size of community). The dependent variables were scores from the Substance Abuse Counselor Multiple Role Scale. The sample consisted of 100 individuals. Five composite null hypotheses were tested employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) at the .0500 level. A total of 108 comparisons were made, plus 102 recurring comparisons. Of the 108 comparisons, 30 were for main effects and 78 for interactions. Of the 30 main effects, 5 were statistically significant at the .0500 level. Of the 78 interactions, 5 were statistically significant at the .0500 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. female recovering substance abuse counselors have more awareness of, sensitivity toward, difficulty with , and/or observation of unique dual relationships for Primary Mutual-Help Role Versus Counselor Role scores than do their male counterparts; 2. substance abuse counselors in recovery 0-4 years have more awareness of, sensitivity toward, difficulty with , and/or observation of unique dual relationships for Counselor Discomfort scores than do their counterparts with 5-10 years of recovery: 3. length of time in recovery , amount of formal education, and gender should be interpreted concurrently for Opinion of Potential Dual Relationships: 4. length of time in recovery , amount of formal education , and gender should be interpreted concurrently for Effects on Counseling Relationships; 5. length of time in recovery , amount of formal education, and gender should be interpreted concurrently for Personal Recovery Versus Counselor Role: 6. length of time in recovery, amount of formal education, and gender should be interpreted concurrently for Total score of the Substance Abuse Counselor Multiple Role Scale (SACMRS): 7. length of time in field (amount of work experience), amount of formal education and gender should be interpreted concurrently for Counselor Discomfort: and 8. no association between community size (geographical location) of recovering substance abuse counselors and their opinions concerning unique dual relationships.
Experiments in Painting
Authors:   , Howerton Glen
Published: February 2023

This report is a summation of an experiment to find the most creative approach for the writer in painting with watercolor. The research comes entirely from actual experiences and through experiments with the medium. Several approaches or methods of beginning a watercolor have been tried and analyzed following their completion.
Teapots
Authors:   , McBeth David
Published: February 2023

The intent of this thesis work is to explore the meaning of the teapot form in clay. This exhibition represents the manifestation of that theme through clay sculptures and drawings. There is no presumption on that part of the artist that this should be an all-inclusive statement about the teapot form. Specific limits of clay body and firing temperature are self-imposed from the onset that by their very nature limit the scope of this exploration through the teapot theme. It is, however, important that this visual discussion of the teapot form broaden our general understanding of what teapots are about.
Winter Cover of Ring-Necked Pheasant, Phasianus Colochicus, in Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Henderson Frank
Published: February 2023

It was the purpose of this study to determine the cover types used by ring- necked pheasants during winter months. Game managers generally acknowledge winter to be the critical season in the life of pheasants, and they realize the importance of adequate winter cover. According to Eggen (1952), the destruction of wildlife habitats has a direct bearing on pheasant populations and, in Kansas, habitat development or cover restoration must be practiced if wildlife areas are to support the maximum number of pheasants. Starvation is not believed to be a limiting factor in the wild (Lyon, 1952).
Habitat Preference of Cervus Elaphus on the Southern Great Plains
Authors:   , Robinson James
Published: February 2023

Ten adult cow elk (Cervus elaphus) were released on the Cimarron National Grasslands, Morton County, Kansas, in November, 1990. Data collected from a radio-telemetry study of these elk were used to calculate which of the available habitats they preferred or avoided. Overall, sandsage prairie and riparian habitats seemed to be preferred. The results of the study also indicated that shortgrass prairie, crop land, and Conservation Reserve Program habitats were avoided. Utilization of these habitats by month was examined. The results of this study were compared to those of other studies in similar habitats.
Community Sales In Kansas
Authors:   , Briscoe Nellis
Published: February 2023

During the past quarter century in Kansas there has developed a unique economic unit that has restricted itself principally to the livestock industry. This development was facilitated greatly by the abnormal years of drought and depression in the decade of the 1930's. The purpose of this paper is to investigate t he growth, development, operation, and economic value of the community sale in Kansas. A general survey of community sales throughout the state will be made ; however , the Salina Sales Pavilion of Salina , Kansas will be used as a model due to its geographic location, financial organization, and volume of business .
Effect of Powerline Rights-of-Way on Small Mammal Diversity and Movement in the Rocky Mountains of North-Central Colorado
Authors:   , Storm Jonathan
Published: February 2023

Forested ecosystems in North America are being fragmented by an increasing number of power line rights-of-way without a full understanding of the effect these disturbances have on natural ecosystems. Small mammal activity was monitored along power line rights-of-way (power line sites) and adjacent subalpine forest habitat (forest sites) in Clear Creek Co., Colorado. Both power line and forest sites were divided into right-of-way, edge, and forest habitat for comparative purposes. I was unable to statistically determine whether power line and forest sites differed in mean estimated abundance and species composition of small mammals. Power line sites did have more captures, however, perhaps because of an edge effect. The deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) was the most common small mammal at power line sites, whereas the southern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys gapperi) was the most prevalent species at forest sites. More least chipmunk (Tamias minimus) were captured at power line sites than at forest sites, perhaps because of this species preference for open, early-succession habitat. The cinereus shrew (Sorex cinereus) and C. gapperi preferred the forest habitat of power line sites. I think these species habitat associations are caused by their preference for mesic areas. The least chipmunk showed a preference for habitat within the power line right-of-way, likely because of its preference for early-succession habitat. Clethrionomys gapperi exhibited a significant increase in capture rate farther from the right-of-way at power line and forest sites. Peromyscus maniculatus crossed the power line right-of way in their natural movements, whereas C. gapperi were not recorded as crossing the power line right-of-way. Tamias minimus, red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). C. gapperi, and P. maniculatus translocated at power line sites were capable of crossing the power line right-of-way.
A Study Involving the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Dibenzylcarbinols
Authors:   , Horning Edward
Published: February 2023

The synthesis of some unsymmetrical dibenzylcarbinols was attempted through a Grignard reaction involving para-substituted benzyl halides and phenylacetaldehyde. It was found that the Grignard reaction does not produce the desired carbinols. Evidence is presented to show that the Grignard reagent initiates an aldol condensation of the phenylacetaldehyde which is further catalyzed by the alkoxide ions formed in the reaction. The resulting aldol undergoes a Grignard reaction to form a substituted pentanediol which partially dehydrates upon distillation at reduced pressure. A reaction mechanism is proposed to account for the formation of the reaction products. An alternate synthetic route was proposed for the preparation of unsymmetrical dibenzylcarbinols, and 1-phenyl-3-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-propanol was successfully prepared in this manner. The 3, 5-dinitrobenzoate and the phenylurethan derivatives of this carbinol were also prepared. This is the first reported synthesis for 1-phenyl-3-(p- chlorophenyl)-2-propanol.
Depiction of Nature Through Realism in Illustration
Authors:   , Wallert Alva
Published: February 2023

My main focus in this thesis is to acquaint the observer with the overlooked, but most important entities of nature.
A New Synthesis of Alkenes from Vic-Diols Via Sulfite Esters
Authors:   , Hsieh Wen-Ih
Published: February 2023

The preparation of olefins has been practiced for many years, but no regiospecific and stereospecific methods, using vic-diols as starting materials, were investigated until recent years. In this work, the preparation of cyclic sulfites of vic-diols was undertaken. These served as precursors to the olefins. The sulfites reacted with iodide ion to produce the olefins in most cases. Three sulfites: 4, 5-dimethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxathiolane-2-oxide, 4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl -1, 3, 2-dioxathlolane-2-oxide, and trans-1, 2 - cyclohexane sulfite, were prepared successfully from the corresponding vic-diols: 2, 3-butanediol, pinacol, and trans-1, 2-cyclohexanediol, respectively. The formation of the sulfites was supported by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectral evidence. Attempts to prepare alkenes by react ion of the sulfites with iodide ion were successful in producing 2-butene and cyclohexene. However, all experiments directed toward the preparation of 2, 3-dimethyl -2-butene from pinacol sulfite failed.
Role Playing as an Approach to Parent Teacher Conferences
Authors:   , Owen Dorothy
Published: February 2023

The two purposes of this study were first, to study parent conferences as a means of reporting pupil progress; and second, to obtain background material in order to write a play which could be used to depict parent-teacher conference techniques. The procedure followed included a survey of literature relating to parent-teacher conferences, the development of a list of principles, and the writing of a play utilizing these principles. The study reveals that older reporting methods cannot be utilized to report progress effectively in schools where opportunity is stressed for fullest development of the social, physical, emotional, and intellectual abilities of children. Both parents and teachers approve the use of the parent-teacher conference as a reporting method. By the conference method the activities of the school and the progress of the child can be much better interpreted to the parents. Many and varied plans are being tried at the present time in order to provide adequate time for the preparation and scheduling or the conferences. Although teachers realize that conferences can improve the relationship between school and home, they are also cognizant that, unless handled properly, mutual understanding will not be obtained and actual harm may result. The methods of improving techniques may be conducted in various ways. Role playing can be used by teachers willing to explore new ways of becoming more effective in their counseling techniques with parents. The findings of this study would indicate that conferences should become an integral part of the school program.
A Theme Study of Social Problems In A Group of Short Stories Written Between 1936 And 1946.
Authors:   , Reed Irma
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of this study to determine as accurately as possible the use made of social problems in the themes of short stories written between the years 1936 and 1946 and published in the Atlantic Monthly, Harper’s Magazine, and the Saturday Evening Post, and to make a brief classification of these stories by type.
Policy Analysis of Emissions Cap and Trade: The United State and The European Union
Authors:   , Bealby Drew
Published: February 2023

Effects of climate change are appearing each day therefore proactive steps need to be made to reduce these effects. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) notes that humans producing greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide are the main reason the Earth’s overall temperature is rising (NASA 2019). A policy analysis was done on the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) along with comparisons to the United States’ emissions policies that are in place currently. The European Union (E.U.) itself is both an economic and political union of 27 countries in the continent of Europe (European Union 2019). The goal of this research was to analyze what aspects of emission trading programs worked well, and where future implementations can be upgraded. This study provided suggestions for a nationwide policy to be created for the U.S. Analysis of the EU ETS was done via the EU ETS Handbook provided by the E.U.’s public website. Analysis of both the California Cap and Trade Program (CCTP) and the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) were done via the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions policy hub. The study provided evidence that a nationwide emission cap and trade program would be both feasible and economically beneficial to the United States (U.S.). The two emission trading programs currently in effect in the U.S. do not cover aircraft emissions. The proposed nationwide emission program could target aircraft and become just the second country to enforce a policy which limits aircraft emissions.
Relationship Between Secure and Insecure Childhood Attachment Status and Adult Conflict Management Skills
Authors:   , Conyac Linda
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis was to identify the relationship between secure and insecure childhood attachment status and adult conflict management skills. The subjects (N=161) were student volunteers available through classes at a regional Midwestern university. The Parental Bonding Instrument (Parker, Tupling, & Brown, 1979) and the Conflict Skill Assessment (developed by the researcher) were used. The results revealed that the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), with its care and overprotection scale, was related to the score the subject obtained on their conflict management skills. On a violence subscale, in the Conflict Skills Assessment, it was found that only the care scale in the PBI was a predictor of the violence rating. This research supported the concept that childhood attachment relates to adult conflict management skills.
Curriculum Guides for Physical Education in the Elementary School
Authors:   , Shaw Donald
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of this study to present guides for elementary school physical education, which may be used by teachers, administrators and supervisors. Specifically the guides are intended to reveal the opinions of prominent authorities regarding physical education in the elementary school. THE PROBLEM: The problem is \What are the guides that can be used in the teaching of elementary physical education?\ The problem may be divided further into the following: 1. Teaching guides 2. Guides for the curriculum to be used in elementary physical education 3. Guides for evaluation
Attitudes of Selected Educators Toward Mastery of English Fundamentals
Authors:   , Watt Roy
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to gather material pertaining to the teaching of basic English fundamentals in the schools of Norton, Phillips, Smith, and Rooks counties in Kansas. From the results of this survey the writer attempted to establish recommended levels of mastery of various English fundamentals upon which teachers might continue to advance the student toward a better mastery of the fundamentals of written and oral communications. The material used in this thesis was collected by the use of the questionnaire method. The questionnaire consisted of eight questions pertaining to the teacher and his or her qualifications. The major part of the questionnaire consisted of thirty-one basic English skills with four levels of mastery which the teacher might check. The questionnaires were sent to all listed English teachers and administrators. The names of other teachers who received questionnaires were drawn from a card file for each of the suggested levels of mastery. Each of these teachers or administrators was asked to check the level of mastery of each of the listed skills. Forsyth Library of Fort Hays Kansas State College was searched for information concerning this subject. Many courses of study in the language arts field were found. Six of these were chosen to be used as base authorities in this study. Other states were contacted asking for their recommendations. Two replied and were added to the above authorities. The recommendations of four city departments of education and the recommendations of the English faculty of Fort Hays Kansas State College were also added to the list of authorities. An analysis of the questionnaires received from the teacher s of the above mentioned counties indicated a very wide set of recommendations as to the level of mastery of the basic fundamentals of English. An analysis of the material used as base authorities indicated agreement to a great extent concerning the level of mastery of these skills. The extent to which the writer was able to establish recommended levels of master y from the results of the above mentioned material was limited because of the limitations of the area and number of teachers actually involved. Bearing this in mind, the writer made the following statement: the larger part of the fundamentals of English or basic grammar should be mastered to a degree of competency by the end of the eighth or ninth grades with periodic reviews to follow as refresher courses.
Women in Time
Authors:   , Hurst Deanna
Published: February 2023

Representation of the female figure and its diversity through time and culture is the focus of my work.
A Financial Study of The City of Hays, Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Bingham Lorenze
Published: February 2023

The great problem of municipal finance with which a majority of our municipalities are confronted at the present time is a problem that can be attacked only through a slow process of analysis and investigation. Slashing of salaries, indiscriminate dispensing with the various services offered by the city in prosperous times, and increasing of bonded indebtedness will not in any sense provide a permanent solution to the problem. The difficulty is in tracing the course of money taken in by the city from its source to its ultimate use in providing that which the citizens demand. When this has been done, then it may be possible to locate points in the city budget where reductions can be made without a corresponding reduction in the efficiency of the city. The primary aim of the writer of this thesis has been to investigate the various avenues from which funds for the support of the city of Hays are derived, to trace these funds through the collecting and controlling agencies of the city, and finally, to determine the ultimate purpose for which the funds are expended. No attempt has been made to present the administration of the finance of Hays from the viewpoint of the critical observer interested in uncovering either outstanding efficiencies or inefficiencies. Rather, the data herein presented are submitted as an impartial study of a typical city of the second class of Kansas, showing only that information which is available to every citizen who may be interested in carrying on such an investigation.
Three Method Tsunami Vulnerability Analysis of the United States East Coast
Authors:   , Knolla Joshua
Published: February 2023

The East Coast of the United States could be susceptible to tsunamis or even mega tsunamis. With this in mind it becomes essential to answer the question: Where is vulnerability to a tsunami greatest along the East Coast of the United States? To answer this question the following parameters have been set. First, the study will include county level subdivisions along the USEC that have coasts along the Atlantic Ocean. The possible source regions of a tsunami or mega tsunami are also noted. This analysis includes both social and physical factors with nine and five of them considered respectively. Three separate methods were created with these datasets to see the variance of the analysis based on changes in methods. The results show how impactful cities are in determining vulnerability due to the concentration of different peoples. There is much that can be gleaned by taking a deeper look into these analyses, especially when comparing which methodologies are most effective and for what situations they are useful for. This study highlights the need for additional research into the topic and more importantly increased awareness of policy makers towards preparing for these disasters.
A Survey of the Flower Moth (Schinia, Noctuidae, Lepidoptera) of Kansas
Authors:   , Ochs C.
Published: February 2023

This study is the first to determine which species of Schinia occur in Kansas and to describe the geographical and temporal distribution of each. Ultraviolet (UV) light-traps were operated for 140 nights, in 68 counties, during three seasons (1989-1991). Additionally, specimens were collected at night as they visited electric lights and during the day as they visited food plants. These specimens and those present in several public and private collections allowed examination of 1491 individuals of 38 species. The distributional maps and graphs of flight periods (temporal distribution) which resulted provide the basis for more comprehensive studies of the genus.
A Study of Fantasy: Determinants of Fantasy Function and Content
Authors:   , Halderman Brent
Published: February 2023

The present study examined the relationship among the subject’s age, sex, liberal-conservative attitudes, and their fantasies. Subjects responded to a questionnaire with seven scales (a) Positive-Constructive fantasies, (b) Attentional-Control fantasies, (c) Guilt-Fear of Failure fantasies, (d) Sexual fantasies, (e) Bizarre-Improbable fantasies, (f) Present-Oriented fantasies, and (g) Liberalism-Conservatism attitudes. Total fantasy frequency was determined by combing the other fantasy scales. It was proposed that (a) liberals would engage in more sexual and bizarre-improbable fantasies than conservatives, (b) males would typically be more liberal and engage in sexual fantasy more frequently than females, (c) subjects would typically engage in less sexual and bizarre-improbable fantasies as age increase, and (d) fantasies would be typically present oriented. Results for the research questions were mixed. In general, it was found that age affects the frequency of positive-constructive, sexual, and total fantasies. Liberal-conservative attitudes were also different. Males and females scored differently with regard to sexual and present-oriented fantasies. Sex differences were also found in liberal-conservative attitudes. Finally, liberal-conservative attitudes affect the significance of age and sex differences for positive-constructive, guilt-fear of failure, bizarre-improbable, sexual, and total fantasies. The data did not support any specific theoretical explanation.
California's 2011 Realignment Legislation Addressing Public Safety And How It Will Impact Local Governments
Authors:   , Mineau John
Published: February 2023

California’s 2011 Realignment Legislation Addressing Public Safety is the most sweeping public safety reform package since shortly after California’s statehood in 1850. Traditionally, any person convicted and confined for a felony has been incarcerated and supervised by the state. Moving forward, realignment will put many convicted felons in local jails instead of state prisons. It will also place paroling offenders under local probation supervision rather than state parole. The change in parole supervision represents a monumental shift of responsibility from the state to local governments. Realignment will have major effects on local government operations and budgets. Realignment has been conceptualized for a number of years. It became a reality this year largely because of a United States Supreme Court Ruling that ordered California’s prison system to reduce its inmate population. California’s prison system has been overcrowded for the past 20 years. Realignment is expected to reduce overcrowded conditions and bring the state into compliance with the Supreme Court order. Realignment is also designed to cut costs in the state prison system. The state legislature is also hopeful that realignment will improve rehabilitation of offenders and bolster local law enforcement supervision of these offenders. Realignment is projected to make more than 25,000 inmates eligible for local incarceration and more than 29,000 eligible for local probation supervision.
An Investigation of Family Structure, Family Happiness, and Academic Achievement for Elementary and Junior High Students
Authors:   , Volker Peggy
Published: February 2023

An investigation of family structure, family happiness, and academic achievement was conducted. The subjects for this study were 264 elementary and junior high students from one school. Three instruments were used: SRA Achievement Test, Personal Attribute Inventory for Children-Family, and a Student's Information Sheet. The researcher tested 14 hypotheses at the .05 level of significance. Analyses of variance and Bonferroni multiple comparison tests of means were employed to compare SRA growth scale scores according to family structure, SRA growth scale scores according to family happiness, family happiness scores according to family structure, family happiness scores according to Intervals of time since divorce was experienced, and SRA growth scale scores according to intervals of time since divorce vas experienced. The results of this study indicated that family structure did not significantly affect academic achievement. This study also indicated that family happiness did not affect the academic achievement of students in Grades 4 through 8. According to this study, family structure seemed to significantly affect family happiness. Family happiness of students from divorced homes did not seem to be significantly affected by the number of years since the divorce was experienced. A significant difference was found in the level of academic achievement attained by students who had experienced divorce. As Indicated by the results of this study, the academic achievement of the students who had experienced divorce four to seven years before the study was significantly lower than the academic achievement of the students who had experienced divorce eight or more years prior to the study.
Differences in Academic Achievement, School Related Attitudes, and Self-Esteem According to Graduation Status
Authors:   , Weber Rita
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the differences in attitudes, academic achievement, and self-esteem among graduating seniors, high school dropouts, and those who dropped out of high school and enrolled in an alternative school. The subjects were selected from a Midwestern high school of 1,089 students. The subjects consisted of 36 graduating seniors, 34 dropouts and 33 alternative school students. Of those 103 subjects, 52 we r e female and 51 were male; 49 were Hispanic and 54 were Anglo. The Demos D. Scale was used as the technique to assess the school related attitudes of the subjects. The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory Adult Form was used to measure the subject's self- esteem. Each subject's grade point average for the ninth grade was employed as a measure of academic achievement. A three group status survey design was employed. The independent variables investigated were gender, race, and graduation status. The dependent variables were academic achievement, school related attitudes, and self-esteem of the subjects. Data analysis consisted of testing six null hypotheses. Each null hypothesis was tested employing a three-way analysis of variance. Forty-three comparisons were made; of those comparisons, eight were found to be statistically significant. The results of this study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. graduating seniors have a higher G.P.A. than dropouts and alternative school students, 2. Angloes have a higher G.P.A. than Hispanics, 3. graduating seniors place a higher value on the importance of education than high school dropouts and alternative school students. 4. Females place a higher value on the importance of education than males, 5. Angloes have a more favorable attitude toward school personnel than Hispanics, 6. Graduating seniors place more importance on school behavior than dropouts and alternative school students, 7. Angloes have a higher self-esteem than Hispanics, 8. Anglo females have a higher self-esteem than Hispanic females.
A History of Fort Larned
Authors:   , Woods B.
Published: February 2023

This thesis is a study of the history of Fort Larned Kansas covering the years 1859-1932.
A Research Synthesis and Taxonomy of Six Factors in Impression Formation and Their Effects Upon Communication
Authors:   , Lembke Cheryl
Published: February 2023

An analysis of the process of impression formation is difficult yet worthwhile - because in any consideration of human relations, numerous allowances for individual differences must be made. As Frank Rarig noted, “the interpersonal relations of any one individual comprise a pattern of particulars peculiar to him alone.”
The Effects Of Upper Body vs Lower Body Training On Rate-Pressure Product
Authors:   , Baird Zanae
Published: February 2023

Lower body activities such as walking, running, and cycling have traditionally been used as the activity mode during physiological exercise testing. Interest in specific responses to upper extremity exercise has increased since upper body cycle ergometry became an important alternative exercise mode in the 1970s. Previous research on upper extremity exercise utilized upper body cycle ergometry or a standard push-pull rowing movement. Few upper extremity studies measured rate-pressure product. The purpose of this study was to compare rate-pressure product between lower extremity exercise utilizing upright cycling and primarily upper extremity exercise on a double arm swing Ski Erg ergometer. Hemodynamic response was measured using an automated motion tolerant exercise test monitor. The study utilized one dependent variable (rate-pressure product) and four independent variables (exercise mode, exercise intensity, age group, and gender). A repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to determine the effects of exercise mode, gender, and age group on rate-pressure product at identical exercise workloads. Significant differences in rate-pressure product were found for exercise mode, but not for gender or age group. Mean rate-pressure product increase for each workload was then compared using the Tukey LSD post hoc test. Rate-pressure product increase during each workload of upper extremity was significantly greater than during the corresponding lower extremity workload. This finding provides further evidence that greater hemodynamic demand during upper extremity exercise is a generalized response which occurs in response to isolated upper extremity exercise independent of the exact arm movement or specific muscle involvement. The findings also indicate greater hemodynamic response to upper extremity exercise is independent of gender or age group.
An Observational Study of the Academic and Behavioral Effects on Typically Developing Children Due to Inclusion of Students with Behavioral Disorders in the General Education Classroom
Authors:   , Bieker Brandie
Published: February 2023

The research focus of inclusion in the general education programs is often directed toward the students who have been identified as eligible for special education services. The research on the effects of inclusion on typically developing students is less studied and consists of parent and teacher perceptions, rather than empirical evidence (Rafferty & Griffin, 2005). The current study was developed to observe the academic responses and inappropriate behaviors of four typically developing fourth grade students (two male and two female) in a general education classroom with a peer who displays behaviors consistent with the criteria necessary for eligibility of special education services due to emotional disturbance (ED). The typically developing students were observed in three settings within the general education classroom: (a) the student identified with ED was in the general education classroom working with a full time paraprofessional; (b) the student identified ED was not in the general education classroom, nor was the paraprofessional; and (c) the student with ED was in the classroom, while the paraprofessional was not. Within an alternating treatments design, the results indicated that the students’ academic responding was highest when the student with ED was not in the classroom, nor was a paraprofessional, lower when the student with ED and a paraprofessional were in the classroom, and the lowest when the student with ED was in the classroom and a paraprofessional was not in the classroom. The students’ inappropriate behaviors were highest when the student with ED was in the classroom and the paraprofessional was not, lower when the student with ED was in the classroom with a paraprofessional, and the lowest when the student with ED and the paraprofessional were not in the classroom. Implications for service delivery and future research were discussed.
The Effects of Ability Grouping on Kindergarten Students’ ReadingAchievement
Authors: Nauman Katie , null null , null null , null null , null null , null null
Published: February 2023

The number of elementary students in the United States reading at a proficient level is significantly low. Elementary schools in the United States need to increase the number of students reading at the proficient level in order to move towards success in other subject areas, raise graduation rates, increase economic opportunities, and boost the likelihood of favorable long term health. Foundational reading skills, beginning in kindergarten, are an early predictor of future reading proficiency. Homogeneous ability grouping is one instructional strategy that can help students master foundational reading skills. Ability grouping is an educational practice that can be used with all students. Few studies exist in the research involving American kindergarten students' participation in homogeneous ability groups. This research seeks to fill that gap by testing the effects of ability grouping on kindergarten students' reading achievement. This study utilized an AB research design over the course of 12 weeks in a kindergarten classroom. In this study, all 24 students in the kindergarten class completed the FAST one-minute letter sound fluency assessment, Form 1, to establish a baseline score. The students received six weeks of foundational skills instruction during the baseline phase. During the intervention phase, the students spent six weeks engaged in homogeneous ability groups. It was hypothesized that kindergarten students who participated in an ability-grouped intervention in the area of reading would make greater gains in letter sound fluency than when not participating in a homogeneous ability-grouped intervention. A dependent samples t-test and subsequent analysis of the results did not support this hypothesis.
Correlations of Paragraph Meaning Tests to Other Reading-Related Tests in Primary Grades
Authors:   , Green Laveta
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to determine the predictability of selected subskills to success in reading, and (2) to compare children's achievements on selected subskills as a means of diagnosing instructional needs in the classroom.
Chlorophyll-Supporting Tissue Relationships in Two Communities in Western Kansas
Authors:   , Cullen Joseph
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare selected aspects of structure and function of two grassland communities. The climax plant community had not been grazed for fifteen year. The successional community was farmed for twenty-four years previous to this study. Data was collected from May 20 to October 14. Structural aspects were determined form absolute frequency, basal cover and per cent frequency data. These data indicate Sporobolus cryptandrus, Kochia scoparia, Setaria viridis and Ambrosia psilostyachya were the most abundant species in the successional area. In the climax area the most abundant plant species were Bouteloua curtipendula, Buchloe dactyloides, Bouteloua gracilis and Ambrosia psilostachya. The functional aspects of the communities were characterized using production data, chlorophyll and supporting tissue contents and chlorophyll A/supporting tissue ratios. A significant difference is indicated between chlorophyll content and supporting tissue of the sample areas. No difference in species diversity was detected between the sample areas using Odum’s definition of a dominant. However, the species composition of the sample areas is quite different. The ratio of Chlorophyll A/supporting tissue was very similar for both sample areas.
3D Seismic Analysis and Characterization of a Stacked Turbidite Channel: Niger Delta Complex
Authors:   , Luna Anthony
Published: February 2023

A stacked turbidite channel was interpreted from 3D seismic data acquired in the Niger Delta off the west coast of Africa. In offshore environments, such as the Niger Delta, submarine canyons provide a conduit for currents to transport large sediment loads to form stacked turbidites. Turbidite channels are typically convoluted deposits and contain sands that are potential reservoir targets of hydrocarbon exploration. The internal characteristics of these turbidites are often complex and difficult to interpret accurately. This study characterizes the morphology of a stacked turbidite deposit by describing key features that are commonly found in turbidite channels, including: channel sinuosity, facies, repeated cutting and filling, and stacking patterns. These ubiquitous components of deepwater deposits are important for efficient reservoir characterization and can be resolved in most seismic data sets. The presence of shale diapirs in the Niger Delta Complex complicates the interpretation of channel morphology and potential reservoir areas. By interpreting the channelï¿½s key features it was determined that the channel is highly sinuous and has been cut off in several sections forming oxbows. Channel fill is highly variable, but most likely consists of four main facies: basal lags, slumps, high net to gross stacked channels, and low net to gross channel levees. Subchannels present in the data are commonly stacked in vertical and lateral patterns. Also, through attribute analysis three potential reservoirs were identified and recommended as drilling targets.
Perceptual Proposition
Authors:   , Carlsgaad Lynn
Published: February 2023

Manuscript contains photographic slides not appended to this PDF.
Influence Of Shaded Conditions On Development Of Asteraceae Species Native to Kansas
Authors:   , Rodrigues de Queiroz Aline
Published: February 2023

to the heterogeneity of habitats, all plants are exposed to at least some degree of shade during their lifetime. Reduced light intensity, drops in R:FR ratio, and limited blue light are cues for plants to perceive competition; the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) is common for grassland species while shade tolerance (ST) is common for forest species when competition is perceived. SAS is characterized by elongation of stems and petioles, reduced branches, decreased leaf area, decreased shoot biomass, and increased number of ramets. ST is characterized by little elongation of stems and petioles, high chlorophyll content and high chlorophyll a/b ratio in leaves, low root-shoot ratio, and thinner leaves. In this study, germination of six native Asteraceae species was tested against 10%, 50%, and 100% of natural light in a greenhouse. Measurements of growth and reproduction were made in two species under the same light conditions. Shaded conditions decreased germinabilities of seeds in all species that were tested. Increased light conditions resulted in increased growth for both species. When exposed to shaded conditions, both species displayed several traits that are related with shade tolerance modifications such as little elongation of stems and petioles, higher specific leaf area, higher chlorophyll a/b ratio, reduced leaf area and root/shoot biomass, and fewer and thinner leaves. In summary, plants displayed unexpected strategies and a high resilience to grow and develop under shaded conditions.
The Relationship of Anxiety to the Variability Index of Repression in the Interpersonal System of Personality Diagnosis
Authors:   , Hull Harry
Published: February 2023

The present experiment was designed to determine the relationship of the variability index of repression to anxiety, as measured by PGR. Fifty-five Ss were administered level IIs and level IIIMM of the Leary Interpersonal System of Personality Diagnosis, and summary descriptive points were obtained for each S at both levels, as well as a discrepancy, octant change, intensity level II, and intensity level III score. Ss were then shown descriptive statements corresponding to their level II and level III summary points, and PGR responses were recorded to these presentations. The personality variables and PGR measures were then inter-correlated. Two personality variables, intensity level II and intensity level III showed significant correlations with two of the response measures. The results are discussed in terms of social desirability, in addition to experimental assumptions involving the personality systems predictive power, the adequacy of the response measure, method of presentation, and the level III personality tool.
Motivation, Perceptions of Discrepancies, and Emotional Factors : An Exploration of Body Image in Late Adolescence
Authors:   , Goodheart Kristen
Published: February 2023

Past research on body image has focused primarily on females, the drive for thinness, and the impact of the media and society upon the drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction. However, less research has examined body image in males and motivations for muscularity in both males and females. The purpose of this research was to examine how gender, involvement in a romantic relationship, and body mass index influence body image in late adolescence. Motivations, including the drive for muscularity and the drive for thinness; perceptions of discrepancies, including body satisfaction, perceived pressure, and ideal body stereotypes; and emotional factors, including self-esteem, body esteem, satisfaction with life, and depressive symptoms were explored. Results of the study show differences in motivations between genders; however, no difference in the drive for muscularity or drive for thinness was found based on relationship status or body mass index. Results also show differences in gender in body esteem, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms but not satisfaction with life. Differences depending on relationship status were also found to have an impact upon self-esteem, body esteem, and satisfaction with life but not depressive symptoms. Body mass index was not related to any of the emotional factors explored.
Teacher Effectiveness and The Use of The Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory With Special Class Teachers of The Mentally Retarded in Kansas.
Authors:   , Marshall James
Published: February 2023

The problem, as presented in this paper, was to explore some possible values of the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory as a tool to predict teacher effectiveness in special classes for the mentally retarded.