bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Teacher's Journal: The M.O.O.K. Book: Students Author a Book about Mathematics
Authors: Chapman Susan
Published: December 2020

Fostering positive feelings toward reading and books is an all-encompassing goal of elementary school teachers. Frequently, however, little attention is given to promoting positive attitudes toward mathematics. I began the school year looking for a long-term project that would direct my third-grade students' focus toward the real-world uses of mathematics and would instill in them the excitement of engaging in mathematical work. My aim was to help all my students enjoy mathematics and know that the value of mathematics encompasses vastly more outcomes than their performance on a standardized test.
Math by the Month: Transportation
Authors: Helms Janel E. , Hinks Matthew J. , Goodman Michelle V. , Leiby Shelly R. , Verna Luke J. , Wetzel Cheryl A.
Published: December 2020

The “Math by the Month” activities are designed to appeal directly to students. Students may work on the activities individually or in small groups. No solutions are suggested so that students will look to themselves as the mathematical authority, thereby developing the confidence to validate their work.
Fractions Attack! Children Thinking and Talking Mathematically
Authors: Alcaro Patricia C. , Alston Alice S. , Katims Nancy
Published: December 2020

How do we know when children are thinking mathematically? How do we establish a setting that will elicit mathematical thinking? What do we learn about the children as a result?
Math by the Month: Using Manipulatives to Show What We Know
Authors: Mistretta Regina , Porzio Joseph A.
Published: December 2020

The “Math by the Month” activities are designed to appeal directly to students. Students may work on the activities individually or in small groups. No solutions are suggested so that students will look to themselves as the mathematical authority, thereby developing the confidence to validate their work. This month's activities focus on students' using various manipulative materials to demonstrate their understandings related to a variety of topics across the mathematics curriculum. Using manipulatives helps students understand and explain the mathematical concepts and the related skills that they are expected to master at their grade levels. Their use also gives teachers valuable insights into students' mastery of these same concepts and skills.
Early Childhood Corner: The Earliest Geometry
Authors: Clements Douglas H. , Sarama Julie
Published: December 2020

In keeping with the early childhood chapter of Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, this department examines activities and children's thinking in geometry and, in the next issue, number. From prekindergarten to grade 12, the Geometry Standard addresses four main areas: properties of shapes, location and spatial relationships, transformations and symmetry, and visualization. For each area, we quote the goal of the Standard and the associated early-childhood expectations. We then present snippets of research and sample activities to develop ideas within each area with students.
Research, Reflection, Practice: Gender Equity in Mathematics Education
Authors: Levi Linda
Published: December 2020

Gender equity in mathematics education is a complex issue. Although males and females take similar mathematics classes and achieve similar scores on standardized tests throughout the K–12 school years (Kimball 1989; National Science Board 1998), males' participation in mathematics after high school is far greater than females' (National Science Board 1998). Many educators are studying the K–12 school experience in an attempt to understand gender differences in mathematics participation. For example, as we make advancements in assessing children's thinking, we are starting to find gender differences in young children's mathematics achievement. In a large study of first through third graders, in which individual interviews were used to assess children's thinking, researchers found gender differences in children's solution strategies (Fennema et al. 1998). Other researchers are asking teachers what information they can offer to advance our understanding of gender equity in mathematics.
Learning Geometry and a New Language
Authors: Swindal Donna Norton
Published: December 2020

The world of geometry has a language of its own. Although most of our students learn the label names for several two-dimensional shapes from childrens' television shows, they still need to understand geometric concepts, recognize opportunities for applying these concepts, and be able to communicate using the concepts in authentic situations. NCTM's Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (1989) jolted many teachers into realizing the need for deeper exploration of geometry. Students need the time and opportunity to develop spatial sense and investigate two- and threedimensional figures in a setting that encourages inquiry and immerses students in the experience, language, and conceptual understanding of geometry.
Representation: An Important Process for Teaching and Learning Mathematics
Authors: Fennell Francis , Rowan Tom
Published: December 2020

Representation is more than a process; it is a way of teaching and learning mathematics.
Developing Number Sense: What Can Other Cultures Tell Us?
Authors: Zaslavsky Claudia
Published: December 2020

Linda Lai's third- and fourth-grade mathematics students in the Edith Bowen Lab School of Utah State University are studying a variety of counting systems used by people around the world and throughout time. Activity and voices fill the room as students use books, reference materials, and even the Internet to conduct their research. As the students work, many show surprise when they learn about and experience the many ways that people have counted and recorded numbers. From finger counting to number words that relate to our fingers and toes; to concrete materials, such as sticks, strings, and pebbles; and, finally, to the numerals invented by various societies, these students are enhancing their number sense by learning about the systems of other cultures. Additionally, the students are gaining a cultural appreciation for the diverse ways that we all use to count.
Elastic Geometry and Storyknifing A Yup'ik Eskimo Example
Authors: Lipka Jerry , Wildfeuer Sandra , Wahlberg Nastasia , George Mary , Ezran Dafna
Published: December 2020

Storytelling occurs across cultures but is not generally thought of as having a mathematical component; nor are other everyday activities, such as shopping for groceries, packing for a trip, or making a quilt. Each of these informal activities, however, contains embedded mathematics; in Yup'ik Eskimo storyknifing, the forms etched illustrate a relationship between mathematics and ethnomathematics (see fig. 1). Children usually do not see the relationship between their surroundings and activities and mathematics. Connecting the intuitive, visual, and spatial components of storyknifing, as well as other everyday and ethnomathematical activities, with mathematical reasoning is a way to adapt, enrich, and enlarge the types of problems and processes that elementary school students face when learning mathematics.
Investigations: Consumer Investigations: What Is the Best Chip?
Authors: Methany Dixie
Published: December 2020

The “Investigations” department recognizes the importance of students' exploring mathematics in a real-world context. This investigation helps students learn to identify multiple approaches for solving problems. Students will seek answers to the types of questions often posed by consumer agencies and people who work in sales and marketing.
Equal Sharing and the Roots of Fraction Equivalence
Authors: Empson Susan
Published: December 2020

How would you help a child understand that 8/24 = 1/3? What kinds of ideas and activities support that understanding? A common approach to fraction equivalence is to show that two fractional parts are the same size through matching circular or rectangular regions. This approach is limited because it isolates the idea of equivalence from other potentially enriching ideas, such as multiplication and division.
And Then There Was Luke: The Geometric Thinking of a Young Mathematician
Authors: Sharp Janet , Hoiberg Karen
Published: December 2020

What might students say about the angles of the pentagonal block shown in figure 1? Children might respond in different ways, depending on their abilities and experiences with angles. Some might say that the block “has five angles” after touching each of the corners. Others might observe that “it looks like all the angles are the same size.” Perhaps a few would respond as did Luke, a bright fifth grader who is featured in this article.
Do Numbers Have Shapes? Connecting Number Patterns and Shapes through the Vedic Matrix
Authors: Stemn Blidi , Collins Jill
Published: December 2020

As teachers who are interested in integrating non-Western mathematics activities into our lessons, we decided to teach number patterns through the Vedic (pronounced “Vaydik”) matrix. This stimulating activity, which is found in Vedic mathematics from India, investigates patterns using the numbers 1 through 9. The premise underlying the Vedic matrix is that numbers form symmetrical “shapes” (Nelson, Joseph, and Williams 1993). This approach to teaching developmentally appropriate mathematics content contrasts with the “tourist curriculum” approach in which students view multicultural mathematics activities as fun but not as essential for mathematical learning (Davidson and Kramer 1997). The tourist curriculum, according to Derman-Sparks as cited in Davidson and Kramer, trivializes the curriculum and does not address the real-life problems and experiences of different cultures.
A Teacher's Journal: September 2001
Authors: Levin Barbara , Berger Dina , Cave Linda
Published: December 2020

Twenty-five Ferndale School District students in a second- and third-grade combination classroom were asked several questions during the mathematics problem-solving lesson in the first week of school: “Where did you go this summer? How far did you travel? Who traveled the farthest?” Their interest was immediately piqued. Each student was given a 3 × 5 index card and told to list the places that he or she had gone that summer and to “guesstimate” the distances from Ferndale, Washington, to these destinations. The students displayed creative thinking about the task by immediately starting to print information on their cards.
Research into Practice: October 2001
Authors: Frykholm Jeffrey A.
Published: December 2020

Recently, I overheard a conversation between our two boys, ages 3 and 6. Conversation may not be the best word to use under such circumstances, however, because the dialogue seemed more like a manipulation than an exchange of ideas. Two sets of hands wanted one object of affection, and nearly all civil attempts to reconcile the matter had been exhausted. In a moment of inspiration, our elder son turned to a convention that has led to the peaceful resolution of many similar confrontations: “Eenie, meenie, minie, moe. …”
Problem Solvers: Football Frenzy
Authors: Mann Robert
Published: December 2020

The goal of the “Problem Solvers” department is to foster improved communication among teachers by posing one problem each month for K–6 teachers to try with their students. Every teacher can become an author: pose the problem, reflect on your students'work, analyze the classroom dialogue, and submit the resulting insights to this department. Every teacher can help us all better understand children's capabilities and thinking about mathematics by contributing to the journal. Remember that even student misconceptions are interesting.
Research, Reflection, Practice: December 2001
Authors: Buschman Larry
Published: December 2020

During the 1999–2000 school year, the teaching staff, including teachers and instructional assistants, at Jefferson Elementary School, Jefferson, Oregon, engaged in an action research project to investigate how student interviews would influence the way that teachers present mathematics in the classroom. For the purpose of this article, action research is defined as the process of asking a worthwhile research question, collecting credible evidence to answer the question, and using the evidence to guide further improvement in a school. Action research is similar to traditional research in that it embodies a desire to inquire and understand and a commitment to use data to guide improvement efforts. Unlike traditional research, which is usually conducted by university researchers to construct general theories, action research is conducted by school personnel to build local knowledge. Although action research can yield results that can be generalized outside the local school setting, the outcomes of action research are primarily directed toward meeting the needs of children in a school through changes made by the school's teacher-researchers.
Creating Numerical Scales for Measuring Tools
Authors: Young Sharon L. , O'Leary Robbin
Published: December 2020

Young children show an early interest in measuring. They want to know how tall they are and how much they weigh, and they want to measure the ingredients to make cookies. We wanted to tap this natural enthusiasm for measuring by involving students in activities that would encourage them to think mathematically about the need for creating measuring tools with numerical scales.
Principles and Standards (2002): April 2002
Authors: Tarr James E.
Published: December 2020

NCTM's Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (2000) identifies Data Analysis and Probability as one of the five content standards for pre-K–12 mathematics and delineates learning expectations at each of four grade bands. This standard places much more emphasis on data analysis than on probability, particularly for grades pre-K through 5. Indeed, only one of the four goals in the standard directly addresses probability, and no probability learning expectations are explicitly stated for grades pre-K through 2. The standard states, however, that “instructional programs from prekindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to understand and apply basic concepts of probability” (p. 48).
Math By the Month: Mathematical Potpourri
Authors: Cloke Gayle , Ewing Nola , Stevens Dory
Published: December 2020

The “Math by the Month” activities are designed to appeal directly to students. The activities may be used with students individually or in small groups, or they may be assigned as problems of the week. No solutions are suggested so that students will look to themselves as the mathematical authorities.
News from the Net: The World of Math Online
Authors: Lowry Kim
Published: December 2020

Asite called math.com (access it at www.math.com), run by Encore Software of Gardena, California, is a rich source for elementary school students and their parents and teachers. The site offers several free software packages, of which Math Express! is one. This set of three CD-ROMs contains 2600 problems in basic mathematics and beyond, with step-by-step instruction, custom quizzes, self-paced study, and three-dimensional games and puzzles.
Are We Overemphasizing Manipulatives in the Primary Grades to the Detriment of Girls?
Authors: Ambrose Rebecca C.
Published: December 2020

In keeping with the Equity Principle of the Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 2000), educators must maintain high expectations for all children and continually examine their practices to ensure that all children learn mathematics with understanding. The instructional practice of using manipulatives for problem solving merits closer examination because it may send the wrong message to some children. Recent research indicates that some girls' understanding seems to be limited by their overreliance on manipulatives. Before presenting the research findings, I will outline the role of manipulatives in supporting the development of children's understanding, then examine how this promising practice can be detrimental when used too often.
A Walk in the Park
Authors: Mann Robert
Published: December 2020

The goal of the “Problem Solvers” department is to foster improved communication among teachers by posing one problem each month for K–6 teachers to try with their students. Every teacher can become an author: pose the problem, reflect on your students'work, analyze the classroom dialogue, and submit the resulting insights to this department. Every teacher can help us all better understand children's capabilities and thinking about mathematics with their contributions to the journal. Remember that even student misconceptions are interesting.
Becoming a Problem Solver
Authors: Buschman Larry
Published: December 2020

Over the past ten years, I have attempted to identify the characteristics of young children as they grow and mature as problem solvers by conducting an action research project in a first- through third-grade classroom. Teaching in a multiage classroom gave me the opportunity to observe children over a period of three years and to document their progress using various types of assessment. I observed children while they were engaged in the act of solving problems and sharing solutions with others. I interviewed children as they solved problems and I scored their written work using a scoring guide, or rubric.
Creating Cultural Relevance in Teaching and Learning Mathematics
Authors: Leonard Jacqueline , Guha Smita
Published: December 2020

Current reform in mathematics education, spurred by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM), emphasizes the importance of making connections to the realworld experiences of children. Even in such activities as riding a bus, subway train, or bicycle to school, the cultural experiences of children from diverse backgrounds provide teachers and students with a plethora of mathematics problems. Culture is meaning that is shared by a group of people who hold common values and beliefs (Malloy and Malloy 1998). Members of the group may have racial, ethnic, political, or community ties, which can be used as springboards for culturally relevant teaching.
Math By the Month: Pets
Authors: Shreero Betsy , Sullivan Cindy , Urbano Alicia
Published: December 2020

The “Math by the Month” activities are designed to engage students to think like mathematicians. The activities allow for students to work individually or in small groups, or they may be used as problems of the week. No solutions are suggested so that students will look to themselves for mathematical justification and authority, thereby developing confidence to validate their work.
The Chinese Numeration System and Place Value
Authors: Uy Frederick L.
Published: December 2020

Ichi, ni, san … Otu, abuo, ato… Eins, zwei, drei … Have you heard these words before? What might they mean? In case you are not familiar with these words, they mean “One, two, three…” in Japanese, Igbo, and German, respectively.
Learning-Disabled Students Make Sense of Mathematics
Authors: Behrend Jean L.
Published: December 2020

Cal loved mathematics word problems. He delighted in new types of problems, exclaiming, “This is fun!” when a problem was presented. At the end of third grade, he successfully solved word problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, multiple steps, and extraneous information.
Helping English-Language Learners Develop Computational Fluency
Authors: Bresser Rusty
Published: December 2020

Students who are computationally fluent can solve problems accurately, efficiently, and with flexibility. These students draw on a repertoire of strategies when solving problems, and their choice of strategies often depends on the type of problem they are solving and the numbers involved. Computational fluency is rooted in an understanding of arithmetic operations, the base-ten number system, and number relationships. Communicating mathematical ideas is fundamental to developing computational fluency. When students share their solution strategies with others, they learn that there are many ways to solve problems and that some strategies are more efficient than others.
Subtraction Strategies from Children's Thinking: Moving toward Fluency with Greater Numbers
Authors: Huinker DeAnn , Freckman Janis L. , Steinmeyer Meghan B.
Published: December 2020

Richfield Elementary School is in the midst of its literacy campaign. Room 24 has read 674 books and Room 16 has read 328 books. The teacher, Meghan Steinmeyer, has asked her students in Room 16 to figure out the number of books they must read to catch up to Room 24. One student, John, works with the number 330 rather than 328 to make the subtraction easier (see fig. 1). He subtracts 330 from 674 and gets 344. Because he subtracted a number that he increased by 2, he compensates by adding 2 back to the 344 to get 346.
In My Opinion: Using Rewards in Mathematics Education: Two Points of View
Authors: Reeves Charles A. (Andy) , Taylor-Cox Jennifer
Published: December 2020

The Editorial Panel of Teaching Children Mathematics encouraged the authors to present two opposing points of view on the topic of rewards for mathematics achievement. Are our views really that different?
Building a Community of Mathematicians
Authors: Whitin David J. , Whitin Phyllis
Published: December 2020

Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 2000) states that the teacher plays an important role in establishing and nurturing an environment that is conducive to learning mathematics (p. 18). This article describes one of the ways that we, a classroom teacher and a university collaborator, began to build this supportive environment.
Math By the Month: World-Record Math
Authors: Shreero Betsy , Sullivan Cindy , Urbano Alicia
Published: December 2020

The “Math by the Month” activities are designed to engage students to think like mathematicians. The activities allow for students to work individually or in small groups, or they may be used as problems of the week. No solutions are suggested so that students will look to themselves for mathematical justification and authority, thereby developing confidence to validate their work.
Top Tips for Being Your Best
Authors: Silbey Robyn
Published: December 2020

Share news about happenings in the field of elementary school mathematics education, views on matters pertaining to teaching and learning mathematics in the early childhood or elementary school years, and reactions to previously published opinion pieces or articles. Find detailed department submission guidelines at http:/www.nctm.org/WriteForTCM.
Communication modes during romantic dissolution: The impact of attachment and intimacy on initiator breakup strategies
Authors: Hoffman William
Published: December 2020

A majority of romantic pair-bonds will not remain together. Surprisingly, however, less is known about relationship dissolution compared with other stages of romantic relationships, such as initiation and maintenance. The present study addresses this gap by investigating breakup initiators’ communication strategies as outcomes for the individual’s attachment style and the emotional intimacy of a recent terminated romantic relationship. Participants (N = 174) completed a series of empirically reliable and valid Likert-scale measures to assess both predictors: (a) adult attachment and (b) emotional intimacy. Emotional intimacy was a significant predictor of each of the four breakup communication strategies, and adult attachment style – particularly attachment anxiety - was significantly related to specific communication strategies, primarily those related to openness. This researcher concluded that emotional intimacy better predictors of breakup communication strategy compared with attachment style. Limitations and a general discussion or summary of findings are provided, followed by some suggestions for future research.
Apresentação
Authors: Manso Valeriano Durán
Published: December 2020

Apresentação
Los profesores universitarios en el Nuevo Cine Español: representaciones y prototipos en Nueve cartas a Berta (Basilio Martín Patino, 1966)
Authors: Manso Valeriano Durán
Published: December 2020

La Universidad española no ha tenido mucha presencia en el cine español del franquismo (1939-1975) hasta la década de los 60. El número de universitarios experimentó un cierto crecimiento desde la década anterior, y así se empezó a plasmar en la pantalla grande a partir de estos años. La capacidad del cine para reflejar, representar y construir realidades permite que las películas ambientadas en el ámbito universitario muestren –de forma fiel, crítica o idealizada-, esa realidad educativa, además de las relaciones entre los docentes y los alumnos. De esta manera, los objetivos de este estudio son abordar la representación de la Universidad en el cine español de los años 60 y conocer los rasgos del profesor universitario en el Nuevo Cine Español, una corriente cinematográfica crítica con el cine hegemónico del franquismo. Para ello, se analiza a los docentes de Nueve cartas a Berta (1966), dirigida por Basilio Martín Patino, uno de los cineastas más personales de este estilo. Desde estas consideraciones, se pretende reflexionar sobre los prototipos de profesor universitario presentes en el cine español de los 60 y conocer sus semejanzas y diferencias con los planteados en Muerte de un ciclista (Juan Antonio Bardem, 1955) –que supuso la primera representación de la educación superior en el cine español-, y en películas comerciales como Margarita se llama mi amor (Ramón Fernández, 1961) y Los chicos del Preu (Pedro Lazaga, 1967).
Relações construídas no diálogo e na mediação através do pensar: aprendizagem colaborativa na EAD
Authors: Cortelini Valdete Gusberti , Da Rosa Geraldo Antônio
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo objetiva trazer para discussão a aprendizagem colaborativa evidenciada no espaço da EaD, no curso de Pedagogia da UFRGS, Universidade Aberta do Brasil, no polo do município de Vila Flores, Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo propõe uma reflexão interligada entre o Projeto Político Pedagógico do curso, a mediação entre as interdisciplinas do eixo V, segundo pensamentos de Feuerstein (2014) e Freire (2015), que consolidam a práxis da aprendizagem colaborativa na docência on-line, ancorada por Montes (2016). Nesse contexto, evidenciamos a mediação da aprendizagem como prática colaborativa para a construção do conhecimento na docência, através da experiência do blog como uma estratégia de aprendizagem que possibilita desenvolver competências voltadas à reciprocidade, ao compartilhamento, ao desafio do desenvolvimento da curiosidade intelectual, ao significado e ao pertencimento entre os sujeitos envolvidos na construção da autonomia necessária para pensar a própria existência em relação ao outro, para uma educação mais humana.
Testemunhas de um declínio ou artífices de uma renovação? Autoritarismos globais ultracontemporâneos em debate
Authors: Pereira Chrystian Wilson
Published: December 2020

Resenha de: SNYDER, Timothy. Na contramão da liberdade. A guinada autoritária nas democracias contemporâneas. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, Tradução de Berilo Vargas, 2019.
DVA em instituições financeiras: reflexões acerca do valor adicionado em bancos comercias e cooperativas de crédito com enfoque gerencial
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Fernandes Lucas Andrade , Altoé Stella Maris Lima ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Suave Ricardo ,   Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste
Published: December 2020

A divulgação da Demonstração do Valor Adicionado (DVA) é optativa para cooperativas de crédito e obrigatória para os bancos comerciais de capital aberto. Este estudo tem como objetivo demonstrar possíveis valores para as DVAs das cooperativas Sicoob e Sicredi, que não fazem tal divulgação, e comparar com as demonstrações das instituições financeiras Banco do Brasil e Itaú, para o período de 2015 a 2018. O estudo se utilizou de procedimentos documentais para a coleta de dados referentes às demonstrações das instituições estudadas em seus portais na internet. Com a comparação das DVAs de cada instituição nos últimos quatro anos, foi possível identificar que a cooperativa Sicredi liderou os segmentos de remuneração de capital próprio e de terceiros, o Banco do Brasil o segmento de impostos, taxas e contribuições, enquanto seu concorrente, o Banco Itaú, acumulou o maior percentual de impostos a recuperar. No segmento pessoal, a cooperativa Sicoob se destaca como sendo a instituição que mais remunera seus colaboradores.
Papéis da perícia criminal contábil e contabilidade forense: diferenças e estudo bibliométrico
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Lopez Bruna Benita Weber Sanchez , Petri Sergio Murilo ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Published: December 2020

Diante de cenários no Brasil e no mundo, com escândalos de corrupção em empresas e órgãos públicos, tornou-se necessário medidas para detectar e impedir fraudes, assim como a geração de provas para os órgãos julgadores. Visto a relevância, este trabalho tem por objetivo evidenciar e diferenciar os papéis da perícia criminal contábil e da contabilidade forense, a partir das análises bibliométricas dos artigos publicados sobre os referidos temas no período de 1999 até 2019. Para o subsídio da pesquisa bibliométrica, fez uso das bases Spell, Scielo e Google Acadêmico em uma abordagem quali-quanti, a fim de apresentar dados da arte da produção científica realizada nos últimos anos sobre a temática, que é tão relevante para a justiça em sociedade. Foram encontrados 20 artigos, número inferior frente a importância do tema. A pesquisa demonstrou que são poucos autores que se aprofundam no tema com trabalhos publicados e existem semelhanças e diferenças entre Perícia Criminal e Contabilidade Forense, sendo que ambas as áreas visam a resolução de conflitos e utilizam-se da ciência em favor de esclarecimentos de fatos e da verdade, com senso crítico, olhar cético, conhecimento aprofundado sobre contabilidade, aspectos jurídicos e graus de expertise, já as principais diferenças estão nos órgãos que determinam os trabalhos, assim como a regularização e a formação dos profissionais.
Riding Gear Items from the Jurgionys Cemetery of the Late Fourteenth–Early Sixteenth Centuries
Authors: Vitkūnas Manvydas
Published: December 2020

The paper publishes information on the riding gear items (namely, spurs and their fragments, a miniature stirrup, as well as horse teeth) discovered during the archaeological excavations of 2010–2011 and 2013–2014 at the Jurgionys cemetery located in the Aukštadvaris eldership of the Trakai district and dating to the late fourteenth– early fifteenth centuries. The paper aims to introduce the artefacts to the scientific archaeological array establishing their typology and chronology and their place in the context of other finds discovered at Lithuanian medieval inhumation burials. The Jurgionys cemetery of the late fourteenth–early fifteenth century (Aukštadvaris eldership, Trakai district) contained numerous items of riding gear. Burials 2 (Fig. 1) and 16 had one spur in each, whereas burial 11 (Fig. 2) had two spurs. Random finds from disturbed burials picked from the ploughed layer added two more fragments of spurs and a piece of a miniature stirrup. The level of preservation of the spurs varied, some of the finds were highly corroded and surviving only partially. Yet the spurs were typical of Western and Central Europe (although spurs with star-shaped spikes are also found in the lands of the former Grand Duchy of Moscow, there are no close analogues to the ones discovered at the Jurgionys cemetery). Two of the three spur finds came from the burials containing weapons (burial 11 contained an axe and a spearhead and burial 16 contained a sword). The rich array of burial goods found in burial 16 (Fig. 3) implies that the person buried therein enjoyed a high social status. The spur found in burial 16 (Fig. 4) is typologically very similar to the ones discovered at the Palace of the Grand Dukes of the Lower Castle of Vilnius and in London. It goes without saying that typologically similar spurs can also be found elsewhere. One of the randomly found spurs has survived only partially (Fig. 5). The other randomly found spur bears strap holders decorated with a scallop shell ornament (Fig. 6). Such an ornament could be related to the cult of St James the Great which used to be rather widespread in medieval Europe. A miniature stirrup (Fig. 7) is similar to the stirrups of the eastern type found in the territory of modern Ukraine and southern Russia; they are related to the nomadic peoples of the steppe. Materials of the Jurgionys cemetery considerably broaden our knowledge about the riding gear used by medieval Lithuanian horsemen, and horse teeth found in burials 35 and 37 should be perceived as horsemen’s symbols. They are unique finds for the cemetery of the Jurgionys community, which was only barely influenced by Christianity at the time.
Anthroponyms and Surnames of the Nobility of the Grodno Powiat in 1565
Authors: Čirūnaitė Jūratė
Published: December 2020

Patronyms could have been formed from the -sk- type anthroponyms in the generation of 1565: Друцкевичъ, Долъгошцичъ. Two surnames were found among the -sk- type anthroponyms: Халецки, Куровъски. Six more -sk- type anthroponyms are the first mention of later authenticated surnames: Завацъки, Каменъски, Новицъки, Петровъски, Свиръски, Снаръски. They were supposed to become surnames in the second half of the sixteenth century. Among the anthroponyms that are not names, patronymics, -sk- type anthroponyms, the surname Шышъко is unquestionable. Provisionally, four anthroponyms can also be considered surnames as, when changing into a surname, they dropped the patronymic suffix: Ейсмонтъ, Кобята, Стер[ъ]пейко, Толоч[ъ]ко. In the document of 1565, five more anthroponyms of this type, which were later authenticated, are mentioned for the first time: Белокозъ, Галабурда, Доха, Куликъ, Мицута. They had to become surnames in the second half of the sixteenth century. Four surnames are recorded among the first patronymics: Кгинюшевичъ, Киселевичъ, Моръдасовичъ, Носовичъ. There are two other first mentions of this type of later authenticated surnames: Бутрымовичъ, Полуяновичъ. Also, the rare patronymic form of the Christian anthroponym Хомичъ can be considered the first mention of the surname. These anthroponyms were to become surnames in the second half of the sixteenth century. The second patronymics, especially those recorded in the genitive case singular, represented the old naming system where they partially performed the function of the present surname. The surnames derived from the second patronymics, Ейсмон[ъ]товича and Сиръкгутевича (there is also a variant of the inscription Шыркгутевичъ), could have functioned already in the middle of the sixteenth century if they were written not in the genitive but in the nominative case. The anthroponym Почобутовича can be considered the first mention of a surname authenticated later among the second patronymics. Having dropped its suffix, this anthroponym had to become a surname in the second half of the sixteenth century. One person had two surnames: Халецъки Киселевичъ. Two people had two potential surnames: Новицъки Ейсмонътовича and Ейсмонътовича Снаръски. Both anthroponyms of those potential surnames of -sk- type, namely, Новицъки and Снаръски, were the first mention of later authentication, while Ейсмонътовича can be presumed to be a surname if written in the nominative case.
A Systematic Review of Refrains of Lithuanian Folk Songs
Authors: Trimonytė Bikelienė Jurga
Published: December 2020

The characteristics of the song language have always been a domain of interest to the representatives of different areas of philology, yet the linguistic expression of the refrains of Lithuanian folk songs has been given very little attention so far. Refrains are not well defined and for this reasons they are left out of the discussion of traditional grammar, although their linguistic expression frequently conforms to the rules of syllable and word formation of the Lithuanian language. Analysis of the characteristics of the structure and semantics of the subject material has led to the classification of refrains into the following four groups based on the method of their occurrence: (1) onomatopoeic refrains, (2) quasi-lexical (motivated and unmotivated) refrains, (3) quasi-derivational refrains, and (4) combinational refrains. The subject material is dominated by onomatopoeic refrains. Quasi-lexical refrains occur nearly ten times less frequently. Quasi-derivational refrains with endings similar to the formal derivational formative are quite rare, and combinational refrains are extremely scarce. Research efforts show that in order to obtain a complete picture of the periphery of the lexis system, it is necessary to focus on refrains, develop their classification, disclose the unique features of refrains and the qualities typical exclusively of them, which has never been addressed anywhere before.
Trabajadora/e/s Sociales como sujetos políticos, una apuesta desde la reconceptualización latinoamericana
Authors: Bautista Joaqui Haider Esteban , Castillo Niño Joseph Vicent
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo pretende evidenciar algunas reflexiones sobre la necesidad del profesionalen Trabajo Social como sujeto político en la cotidianidad ante la arremetida del modelo neoliberal. El objetivo fue establecer la relación entre el movimiento de reconceptualización y la construcción de un/a trabajador/a social como sujeto político acorde a la cuestión social. Se empleó una revisión bibliográfica de carácter cualitativa en diversas bases de datos y mediante múltiples buscadores académicos. Se presenta el contexto socio-histórico del proceso de la reconceptualización en Latinoamérica. Sumada una búsqueda sobre las implicaciones de ser sujeto social y la comprensión de la cuestión social de cara a nuevas representaciones de la desigualdad social.  Luego, una articulación y reflexión de las categoríasseñaladas anteriormente dando un apartado de discusión donde son expuestos algunos argumentosque sustentan el objetivo central de la investigación. A manera de conclusión, se destaca la necesidadde ser sujeto político desde la formación y ejercicio profesional frente a las nuevas representacionesde la cuestión social en concordancia con la vigencia de los aportes realizados por el movimiento de lareconceptualización (1960-1970). Se finaliza la discusión con una invitación para ampliar y fortalecer el área de investigación como una apuesta ético-política

This article aims to highlight some reflections on the need of the social worker as a political subject in all his professional actions, is a qualitative research, conducted under a documentary review in various databases and repositories, indexed books and journals, both nationally and internationally. It is divided into a review of the socio-historical context of the process of reconceptualization and its contributions to the construction of critical social work, a review of the importance and implications of being a social subject, the understanding of the social question emanating from a capitalist model that constantly generates inequalities and precarious living conditions for a large part of the world’s population, followed by an articulation and reflection of the categories outlined above, finally, conclusions are presented that point to the need to be a political subject from the training and professional practice as a response to the community and in accordance with the validity of the reconceptualization as an emancipating struggle for the social subjects that see afectted their integrity and the guarantee of their human rights, calling on him or the professional in Social Work, to be a participant in the processes he carries out and not seen as a third , oblivious to that reality, to conclude the invitation is extended to expand and strengthen the area of research as an ethical-political bet.
Les incarnations de Barbara Hannigan, artiste plurielle
Authors: L’Écuyer Sylvia
Published: December 2020

Soprano, cheffe d’orchestre, muse, directrice artistique, mentore, la Canadienne Barbara Hannigan mène à tous égards une carrière exceptionnelle pour son éclectisme, pour le niveau incontestable d’excellence de ses réalisations et pour l’énergie inépuisable qui semble l’habiter. Catapultée au statut de superstar par une renversante interprétation du rôle de Lulu à Bruxelles, en 2012, nommée « artiste Étoile » au Festival de Lucerne en 2014, lauréate du Glasshütte Original MusicFestivalAward en 2020, Hannigan a créé plus de 85 oeuvres, en grande partie écrites pour elle. En 2017, elle lançait Equilibrium (eq), un programme de mentorat unique destiné à un petit groupe de jeunes artistes en début de carrière qu’elle sélectionne elle-même. En assistant aux ateliers eq, l’auteure a observé qu’en plus d’encourager ces musiciens à aborder la carrière avec confiance, discipline et joie et à s’entourer de partenaires artistiques stimulants, Hannigan leur offre d’être leur première partenaire dans les projets novateurs qu’elle continue d’embrasser.
Espírito Santo e Missão: algumas reflexões à luz da teologia da revelação de Andrés Torres Queiruga
Authors: Nobre José Aguiar
Published: December 2020

Sob a inspiração do Espírito Santo, em vista do dinamismo e efetivação da missão, procuramos, na teologia da revelação de Torres Queiruga, uma fundamentação prática para a continuidade da missão. Na atualidade, o autor encontra-se dedicado ao dificílimo tema da Trindade. Não temos uma teologia do Espírito Santo em Torres Queiruga, entretanto, neste trabalho, buscaremos haurir as inspirações do Espírito naturalmente presentes na obra do teólogo galego para enfrentarmos os desafios da missão hodierna. Do ponto de vista formal, indagamos: como recorrer ao Espírito Santo para realizarmos a missão evangelizadora na atualidade? Metodologicamente recorremos à pesquisa bibliográfica. A nossa hipótese é de que é importantíssimo nos darmos conta de que Jesus Cristo está presente para nós com a mesma intensidade de antes e essa percepção faz com que todos sejamos imediatos a Ele. Os resultados esperados consistem em entendermos que, para o exercício da missão na cultura moderna, mediante o Espírito Santo, por utilizar uma linguagem e imagem do Deus amoroso, aliado do ser humano, Torres Queiruga apresenta uma proposta inteligível que traz arrazoadas iluminações das questões teológicas atuais.
Crer e interpretar: uma nova ‘virada’ hermenêutica da teologia?
Authors: De Mori Geraldo Luiz
Published: December 2020

Enquanto ciência, a hermenêutica surgiu no século XIX, determinando desde então osprocedimentos da maioria das então chamadas “ciências do espírito” (ciências humanas). Nocampo da exegese e da teologia cristãs, as contribuições de Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Heidegger,Gadamer e Ricoeur são fundamentais para captar e compreender os processos vividos pelarelação entre teologia e hermenêutica nos dois últimos séculos. Este estudo propõe, numprimeiro momento, um breve sobrevoo sobre a história da hermenêutica filosófica,apresentando, em seguida, seus impactos na exegese e na teologia dos últimos dois séculos,para, num último momento, interrogar-se sobre o conflito que opõe hoje essas hermenêuticasàs fundamentalistas.
Um samaritano desconcertante: Chegou junto dele, viu-o e moveu-se de compaixão (Lc 10,33)
Authors: Do Carmo Solange Maria , Calil Eduardo César Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

A parábola do bom samaritano (Lc 10,25-37), apesar de imensamente estudada, deixa sempreuma porta aberta para novas interpretações. Rica em simbologia, mensagem e beleza, põeem xeque as práticas religiosas como garantidoras da vida cristã. Este artigo começa lançandoum rápido olhar sobre o Evangelho de Lucas, que pode ser chamado de Evangelho de muitosepítetos, sendo o mais marcante deles “Evangelho da compaixão ou da misericórdia”. Depois,mostra como os evangelistas descreveram Jesus como poeta da compaixão, capaz demisericórdia até com seus algozes. Assim, como um poeta, cantador dos mistérios da vida,por meio de parábolas, Jesus se comunica com seus ouvintes, evitando reduzir sua mensagema formulações religiosas obtusas, mas, ao contrário, com imagens significativas revela ariqueza e a amplidão do Reino que ele veio tornar possível entre nós. Passando com olharatento sobre cada detalhe da parábola do bom samaritano, seus personagens, suas nuancesmais singelas e também suas provocações, este artigo chegará finalmente a duasconsiderações que mostram a extensão da mesma: um que se posiciona no campo dapsicologia e outro no campo da teologia do ministério ordenado.
O princípio pluralista diante das dimensões do lúdico e da festividade
Authors: Ribeiro Claudio De Oliveira
Published: December 2020

A pesquisa tem como foco destacar aspectos de novas linguagens teológicas, forjadas nas expressões dos desejos humanos e associadas às dimensões lúdicas e místicas de formas de vida marcadas pela festividade, pela alteridade, pela afirmação da diferença, pela poesia e pelo empoderamento de grupos subalternizados que, nos entrelugares de suas culturas, revelam visões plurais e criativas de vida. Entre os resultados alcançados na pesquisa, destacamos o valor das teologias narrativas e da teopoética, que representam visões de recriação da linguagem teológica, com elementos simbólicos e de forte apelo existencial que traduzem concepções teológicas fundamentais da fé. Metodologicamente, procuramos seguir na trilha de pensar a vida e as experiências religiosas a partir do lugar criativo e propositivo dos entrelugares e fronteiras das culturas, assim como estar atentos à perspectiva dos estudos culturais decoloniais que destaca a tríplice demanda de decoloniadade do poder, do saber e do ser. Para isso, nos esforçamos em articular o princípio pluralista com visões antropológicas que valorizam o lúdico e a festividade, uma vez que tais dimensões nem sempre são realçadas nas análises teológicas e constituem intensa força mobilizadora da vida.
Liturgia e pandemia: as respostas da Igreja do Nazareno frente aos desafios do novo coronavírus
Authors: Couto Vinicius
Published: December 2020

O presente ensaio analisa as maneiras como a Igreja do Nazareno tem respondido aos desafios litúrgicos causados pela pandemia do novo coronavírus, especialmente no que tange à realização das programações eclesiais, à communio sanctorum e à administração dos sacramentos batismo e ceia do Senhor. A pesquisa é bibliográfica e dialoga principalmente com os artigos de um dossiê sobre os desafios ministeriais em tempos de pandemia organizado pelo Didache, um periódico da Igreja do Nazareno em que pastores e professores de vários países atuam como articulistas. Antes disso, entretanto, o texto reúne informações da pandemia da gripe espanhola, ocorrida há 100 anos, e apresenta algumas ações tomadas pelos nazarenos naquele tempo, a fim de discutir a evolução da tratativa denominacional em tempos pandêmicos. Concluiu-se que, para os desafios provocados pelo novo coronavírus, medidas mais maduras foram adotadas desde a pandemia da gripe espanhola, que os desafios globais contemporâneos têm sido discutidos de modo contextual e em concordância com os órgãos sanitários mundiais e, que, devido à nova normalidade causada pelo desafio sanitário, modelos litúrgicos híbridos têm sido utilizados paliativamente, mas poderão servir como um formato que se consolide mesmo em condições similares às predecessoras do novo coronavírus.