bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black soldier fly liquid biofertilizer in bunga mayang sugarcane plantation: From experiment to policy implications
Authors: Pakpahan Agus , Widowati Retno , Suryadinata Andri
Published: January 2021

Sugarcane is one of the most important cultivated plants for more than a millennial. In Indonesia, especially in Java, sugarcane is also a part of symbolic local culture. In fact, during the Dutch colonialism sugarcane had given substantial wealth to the Dutch and in the early 1930s the export revenue of sugar from Indonesia was the second largest in the world. The status of sugarcane now is still important for Indonesia even though Indonesian status now is one of the largest sugar importing countries in the world. One of major problems for such contradicting path of history is that the continuously lowering Indonesian productivity of sugarcane since the last 45 years. The main conventional choice for sugarcane productivity improvement is, among others, maintaining high dosage of chemical fertilizer. The choice of using high dosage chemical fertilizer such as urea, for example, is not only costly in term of monetary spending but also is costly in term of environmental costs such as water, air, and soil pollutions. In fact agriculture is classified as one of the most polluted sector. This article shares the results of the case study that has been conducted one year (2017-2018) in sugarcane plantation in Bunga Mayang, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The experiment took full recommended dosage application of inorganic N, P, K, fertilizer as experimental control. The results showed that there were no significantly difference in the productivity of sugarcane between the application of full dosage of inorganic N, P, K fertilizer and the half-dosage of inorganic N, P, K fertilizer in combination with 60 l per ha of Black Soldier Fly (BSF)’s liquid biofertilizer. The results implied very important implications for future research, new agricultural practices and new development policy agenda. One of the most important policy implications is how to build a circular economic structure between rural-urban regions where now food and other agricultural products flow from rural to urban regions and create food and other organic wastes in cities. In the next system the circular structure will create no-organic waste that will pollute cities and other areas but cities will become agriculture regional source of biofertilizer produced by BSF’s biofertilizer industry which will fertilize the country sides environments.
Place of Worship as Capital Space: The Relationship between Masjid Raya Bandung and Shopping Centers
Authors: Zaidan Yuris Fahman , Priyatna Aquarini , Mulyadi R. M.
Published: January 2021

The mosque is generally known as a place of worship for Muslims.  Besides being seen as a physical and spiritual space, a mosque is also a cultural space.  The culture is manifested through the everyday life of people who are connected to the mosque.  The economy is part of the everyday life that will connect the mosque with other economic sectors such as shopping centers.  This research will show the relationship between the mosque and shopping centers that contribute to the development or production of capital space in the city.  Masjid Raya Bandung (MRB) is the focus of research to uncover the formation of capital space and its relationship with shopping centers around the MRB.  The method used is observation and in-depth interviews with people visiting the mosque and shopping centers.  The theory used to look at this case is the production of space from Henri Lefebvre.  The results showed that the mosque was not only seen as a place of worship, but also a capital space.  The formation of this capital space can be seen from the relation of MRB with the shopping places around it and the relations of the activities of visitors who presuppose these two spaces: the mosque and the shopping centers.  That way, the mosque is used as a means of perpetuating the economic process or consumerism in the surrounding spaces, including in shopping centers.
Hybridising the Media’s Corporate-Political Discourse through Rhetorical Strategies: An Analysis of "Cómo el poder de las noticias nos da noticias del poder" (Morales, 1971)
Authors: Del-Valle-Rojas Juan-Alfredo
Published: January 2021

This article presents a theoretical conceptualisation of the pervasiveness of mechanisms of economic and political power in modern media, as represented in José Ricardo Morales’ play Cómo el poder de las noticias nos da noticias del poder (1971). This article focuses on two interconnected research questions: 1) What are the specific rhetorical strategies hybridising corporate-political discourse in the media that are represented by José Ricardo Morales in his play? 2) How do the rhetorical strategies and discourses represented in the play contribute to a new understanding of the impact of media intervention, both by corporate media and politicians, on audiences/readers today? This article critically analyses and discusses Morales’s unique, oblique critical approach to the media, and the political and discursive challenges made in the play. These orientate contemporary sets of beliefs while re-signifying the material and symbolic configurations of the Western globalised social fabric. The analysis shows that the dramatic piece contains a predictive discourse in presenting the role of journalism, both defying national literary canons and anticipating several issues related to media intervention by corporate media and politicians in the 1970s, especially in the Chilean context.
«Strong Curtains» and «Dramatic Punches»: The Legacy of Playwriting in the Screenwriting Manuals of the Studio Era
Authors: Chiarulli Raffaele
Published: January 2021

The Hollywood Golden Age was a revolutionary moment in the history of cinema and is pivotal to understanding the historical passage of a peculiar new art form –screenwriting. This early film period, from the Tens to the Sixties, was determined by key interactions between the respective forms of cinema and stage. Together, these interactions form a wider screenwriting “discourse.” There are reoccurring disputes in film scholarship over the paternity of the conventions and techniques of screenwriting. One solution is that techniques of theatre playwriting persisted extensively in the production practices of classical Hollywood cinema. Whether or not its professionals were aware of this is at the heart of this dispute. It is possible to identify the contribution of screenwriting manuals from Hollywood’s Golden Age toward the standardization of screenwriting techniques. The article aims to examine in the screenwriting manuals of this period some statements by practitioners who document the normalization and codification of the narrative structures used in screenwriting over time –in particular, the three-act structure. The validity and origin of the three-act structure are constantly debated among screenwriters. While this formula was known to the early writers of the Silent Era due to its legacy throughout centuries of playwriting and literature, it reappeared in the Seventies in the guise of a new theory. This article attempts to fill in certain gaps in the history of the theorization of screenwriting practices by juxtaposing statements found in screenwriting manuals and the statements of scholars and educators of this field. Ultimately, narrative conventions belonging to the tradition of theatre, as well as technological exigencies were integral in shaping the cinema techniques in use today.
Zakopane i Tatry fin de siècle. Jan Kasprowicz – podróże artysty
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Polska, Święcicki Klaudiusz
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the process of increased interest in Zakopane and Podhale culture in the second half of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century. Discusses the problem of highlanders acquiring national identity. Characterizes the environment of the intellectual and artistic elite of Zakopane. Attempts to analyse how fascination with the Tatra landscape and highlander culture influenced the formation of one of the myths that fund modern national identity. Tries to show how the artists influenced the development of Zakopane as a holiday spa. It also shows the impact of bohemia on the transformation of the culture of highlanders in the Podhale region. The second part of the article discusses the relationship of the poet Jan Kasprowicz with Podhale. His peregrinations to Zakopane and Poronin were presented. On the selected example from creativity, an attempt was made to analyse the poet’s fascination with the Tatra Mountains and highlander culture.
Торговельна мобільність українських селян Галичини першої половини ХІХ ст. за даними львівської преси
Authors:   Instytut Ludoznawstwa, Narodowa Akademia Nauk Ukrainy, Kijów, Ukraina, Мовна Уляна
Published: January 2021

The article analyses one of the possible types of villagers’ mobility, i.e. the commercial mobility of Ukrainian peasants in the first half of the 19th century. The issues of commerce were widely presented in the pages of the then periodicals in Lviv. For this reason, they became the main historical source on which the present study was based, since they reported the current state of the public discourse. The correspondents for “Gazet Lwowska”, “Tygodnik Rolniczo-Przemysłowy”, “Rozmaitości” – W. Pol, J. Żywicki, M. Stöger, K. Turowski – dedicated relatively a lot of attention to the issues of commerce. The press focused on such issues as villagers’’ trade in cattle, wood, cloth and farm produce.
Listy Antoniego Prochaski do Aleksandra Semkowicza (1876–1887) w zbiorach prywatnych Teofila Emila Modelskiego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Sierżęga Paweł
Published: January 2021

The article presents Antoni Prochaski’s private correspondence to Aleksander Semkowicz from Teofil Emil Modelski’s private collection, stored in the Archive of the Jagiellonian University. The letters document A. Prochaski’s search queries in archives and libraries in Konigsberg, Petersburg and Moscow (1876–1882). The correspondence allow insight into the scientific environment of the luminaries of the German, Polish and Russian historical science, describe the conditions of everyday archival work and introduce the topics of Prochaski’s works focused on the history of Poland in the 14th and 15th century.
War and mobility. Galicians in the Kingdom of Poland during World War I
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Polska, Szymczak Damian
Published: January 2021

The period of World War I was not only a military confrontation of soldiers of fighting countries. It also significantly affected the daily lives of millions of ordinary people. One of the manifestations of this influence was war mobility. It also concerned the inhabitants of Galicia. As a result of warfare’s, the Galicians were forced to move in different directions; as soldiers, refugees, evacuated. One of the directions of Galician migration was the Kingdom of Poland, that was conquered in 1915 by the Central Powers. The influx of people from Galicia into this area can be divided into several waves. As the first came the Polish soldiers in Austrian uniforms. The next one was made up of Galician Poles served in the Austrian occupation government. Then came to the Kingdom scholars, officials, and intelligentsia invited by the authorities of the rebuilding Polish state. The Galicians were not always well received by their countrymen from the Congress Poland. One of the reasons was prevailing stereotypes and prejudices. However, the Galician’s made a significant contribution to the work of building Polish statehood.
Nanobiotechnology for agricultural sustainability, and food and environmental safety
Authors: Madanayake Nadun H. , Hossain Akbar , Adassooriya Nadeesh M.
Published: January 2021

Agricultural development has become a requisite to meet the food security of an increasing world population under changing climate for eliminating poverty and hunger. Recently, scientists recognized that human wellness and healthy life are going to face challenges in the near future because of the vulnerability of agriculture and nat-ural resources. It is due to imbalance and unnecessary use of synthetic agricultural inputs in traditional farming systems. Therefore, improved agricultural technology has to ensure, in traditional farming, safe agricultural produce and bringing down of environmental pollution. Recently, nanotechnology (NT) has been recognized as a promising next-generation technology in the field of agriculture. As an environment-friendly and economically viable tool, the potentiality of nanomaterials (NMs), such as nanosensors, nanopesticides, nanofertilizers, nanocarriers, nanochips, and nano-packaging, has shown great prospect in improving safe agricultural productivity and upholding of environmental safety. Because the use of NMs decreases imbalance and unconscious utilization of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, this minimizes the loss of nutrients and lead to improved agricultural productivity thru the smooth distribution of fertilizers and pesticides, and also improving water and nutrient effi-ciency. The current review concentrates on the utilization of NT for agricultural sustainability and environmental safety.
Cenários de Mudanças Climáticas para a Região Nordeste do Brasil por meio da Técnica de Downscaling Estatístico
Authors: Costa Rafaela Lisboa , Gomes Heliofábio Barros , Silva Fabrício Daniel dos Santos , Baptista Gustavo Macedo de Mello , Rocha Júnior Rodrigo Lins da , Herdies Dirceu Luís , Silva Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da
Published: January 2021

Resumo O impacto das mudanças climáticas nos padrões de precipitação e temperaturas máximas e mínimas da região Nordeste do Brasil é investigado com base na média dos resultados de quatro modelos climáticos globais, ECHAM5-OM da Alemanha, HADGEM2-ES do Reino Unido, BCM2 da Noruega e o CNRM-CM3 da França, para dois cenários de emissões de gases de efeito estufa, A1B e A2 que tiveram suas projeções futuras regionalizadas para o período 2021-2080 com o emprego da técnica de downscaling estatístico. A habilidade dos modelos em simular as condições do clima presente foi validada para o período de controle 1961-1990, apresentando resultados muito satisfatórios. Foi empregado o método dos análogos para realizar o downscaling estatístico e encontrar as relações preditor-preditando. Os resultados apontam para uma redução expressiva da precipitação nos respectivos períodos chuvosos das sub-regiões do Nordeste, e aumento das temperaturas máximas no primeiro semestre de forma mais significativa, com tendência a diminuição em extensas áreas do setor norte do Nordeste em meses do segundo semestre, principalmente para o cenário A2. Para as temperaturas mínimas os resultados apontam para tendência de aumento em todo o ano com destaque para os meses de inverno.
Performance of piglets according to colostrum intake and serum immunoglobulin concentration determined by the immunocrit method
Authors: Krolikowski Tatiani Rogeli Behrenz , Krolikowski Giovani , Kummer Anderson Douglas , Barden Anderson , Bonavigo Andréia , Guisso Carlos Alexandre , Prestes Alan Miranda , Bennemann Paulo Eduardo
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT: Colostrum is the main source of immunoglobulins for piglets and several studies have shown that colostrum intake by piglets have a significant influence on their immunity as well as their future performance. The aim of this study was to ascertain the correlation between colostrum intake in the first 24 hours and the serum immunoglobulin concentration determined by immunocrit (IR), determine if the birth order of piglets interfered in colostrum intake and the IR, and measure their weight gain up to 42 days of age. One hundred and three piglets were included in the study and divided into two groups according to colostrum intake in the first 24 hours: > 230 g and <230 g. Piglets with an intake of (230 g colostrum at birth had a mean weight of 1.412 ± 0.156 kg (mean ± SEM) while animals with a colostrum intake <230 g weighed 1.317 ± 0.162 kg (P>0.05). The mean IR between colostrum intake groups was 0.075 (<230 g) and 0.096 ((230 g) (p<0.05). The IR differed between the order of birth of the piglets; where piglets born up to ≤7 had an IR=0.096 while those born from >7 presented with an IR=0.079 (p<0.05). Piglets that consumed more colostrum (>230 g) in the first 24 hours after birth had a greater immunocrit and greater weight gain from 7 to 42 days of age (p<0.05). We concluded that the order of birth does not affect the colostrum intake, but the IR has a negative correlation (CORR= -0.3101; p<0,05) with the order of birth. Piglets with intake of more than 230 g of colostrum show greater weight gain up to 42 days of age.
Heparin solution in the prevention of occlusions in Hickman® catheters a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Silva Sandra Regina da , Reichembach Mitzy Tannia , Pontes Letícia , Souza Gisele de Paula e Silva Carneiro Mendes de , Kusma Solena
Published: January 2021

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the 50 IU/mL heparin solution compared to the 0.9% isotonic saline solution in preventing occlusion of the double lumen Hickman® catheter, 7 and 9 French, in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Method: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial. 17 double-lumen catheters (heparin group: n=7 and 0.9% isotonic saline group: n=10) were analyzed in which the two catheter routes were evaluated separately, totaling 34 lumens. The outcome variables were occlusion without reflux and complete occlusion. Descriptive analyses were performed using the Chi-square test and, of survival, according to the Kaplan-Meier test. Results: the mean number of days until the occlusion outcome was 52 in the heparin group and 13.46 in the 0.9% isotonic saline group in the white catheter route (p<0.001). In the red route, the mean follow-up days in the heparin group were 35.29, with no occlusion and 22.30 in the 0.9% isotonic saline group until the first occlusion (p=0.030). Conclusion: blocking with 50 IU/mL heparin solution is more effective than 0.9% isotonic saline in preventing occlusion of the Hickman® catheter. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-3ht499.
Nasogastric/nasoenteric tube-related adverse events: an integrative review
Authors: Motta Ana Paula Gobbo , Rigobello Mayara Carvalho Godinho , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira , Gimenes Fernanda Raphael Escobar
Published: January 2021

Objective: to analyze in the scientific literature the evidence on nasogastric/nasoenteric tube related adverse events in adult patients. Method: integrative literature review through the search of publications in journals indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, EMBASE and Scopus, and hand searching, was undertaken up to April 2017. Results: the sample consisted of 69 primary studies, mainly in English and published in the USA and UK. They were divided in two main categories and subcategories: the first category refers to Mechanical Adverse Events (respiratory complications; esophageal or pharyngeal complications; tube obstruction; intestinal perforation; intracranial perforation and unplanned tube removal) and the second alludes to Others (pressure injury related to fixation and misconnections). Death was reported in 16 articles. Conclusion: nasogastric/nasoenteric tube related adverse events are relatively common and the majority involved respiratory harm that resulted in increased hospitalization and/or death. The results may contribute to healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to develop an evidence-based guideline for insertion and correct positioning of bedside enteral tubes in adult patients.
Hospitalized older adult: predictors of functional decline
Authors: Tavares João Paulo de Almeida , Nunes Lisa Alexandra Nogueira Veiga , Grácio Joana Catarina Gonçalves
Published: January 2021

Objective: to identify the predictors of functional decline in hospitalized individuals aged 70 or over, between: baseline and discharge; discharge and follow-up, and baseline and three-month follow-up. Method: a prospective cohort study conducted in internal medicine services. A questionnaire was applied (clinical and demographic variables, and predictors of functional decline) at three moments. The predictors were determined using the binary logistic regression model. Results: the sample included 101 patients, 53.3% female, mean age of 82.47 ± 6.57 years old. The predictors that most contributed to decline in hospitalization were the following: previous hospitalization (OR=1.8), access to social support (OR=4.86), cognitive deficit (OR=6.35), mechanical restraint (OR=7.82), and not having a partner (OR=4.34). Age (OR=1.18) and medical diagnosis (OR=0.10) were the predictors between discharge and follow-up. Being older, delirium during hospitalization (OR=5.92), and presenting risk of functional decline (OR=5.53) were predictors of decline between the baseline and follow-up. Conclusion: the most relevant predictors were age, previous hospitalization, cognitive deficit, restraint, social support, not having a partner, and delirium. Carrying out interventions aimed at minimizing the impact of these predictors can be an important contribution in the prevention of functional decline.
Social relationships and survival in the older adult cohort
Authors: Soares Mariangela Uhlmann , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Nedel Fúlvio Borges , Wachs Louriele Soares , Kessler Marciane , Thumé Elaine
Published: January 2021

Objective: to verify the influence of social relations on the survival of older adults living in southern Brazil. Method: a cohort study (2008 and 2016/17), conducted with 1,593 individuals aged 60 years old or over, in individual interviews. The outcomes of social relations and survival were verified by Multiple Correspondence Analysis, which guided the proposal of an explanatory matrix for social relations, the analysis of survival by Kaplan-Meier, and the multivariate analysis by Cox regression to verify the association between the independent variables. Results: follow-up was carried out with 82.5% (n=1,314), with 46.1% being followed up in 2016/17 (n=735) and 579 deaths (36.4%). The older adults who went out of their homes daily had a 39% reduction in mortality, and going to parties kept the protective effect of 17% for survival. The lower risk of death for women is modified when the older adults live in households with two or more people, in this case women have an 89% higher risk of death than men. Conclusion: strengthened social relationships play a mediating role in survival. The findings made it possible to verify the importance of going out of the house as a marker of protection for survival.
“The One Best Way?” Repensando a difusão do management e seus impactos em decisões na carreira acadêmica em administração
Authors: DUARTE MÁRCIA DE FREITAS
Published: January 2021

Resumo Este artigo tem o objetivo de reforçar um debate com um caráter reflexivo, ao propor o (re)pensar e o questionar sobre aspectos relacionados à origem e à difusão do ensino e da pesquisa na área de Administração. Por meio de uma narrativa confessional, são apresentados o processo de desenvolvimento e legitimação do ensino e da pesquisa em Administração, tendo como base a literatura que trata do americanismo e do pós-colonialismo. Em seguida, argumenta-se que esse arcabouço teórico pode permitir melhor compreensão sobre a difusão e a aceitação mundial do modelo americano de produtividade e de ensino dessa disciplina (o management, the one best way), tornando-se algo naturalizado e com caráter universal, ao mesmo tempo em que reduzia iniciativas locais de gestão, diminuía contextos e silenciava atores potencialmente capazes de construir seu próprio campo de conhecimento relacionado à gestão. A partir daí, discute-se como a compreensão desse contexto em que o management emergiu pode reforçar certas reflexões sobre algumas das decisões inerentes à carreira acadêmica em Administração, bem como influenciar na postura e na prática do pesquisador e do docente, sendo este um tema essencial aos acadêmicos em formação ou aos que possuem alguma aspiração em cursar uma graduação ou pós-graduação nesta área.
TRANSCULTURAL TRANSLATION AND ADAPTATION OF CONDOM EMBARRASSMENT SCALE FOR THE BRAZILIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Moreira Berenice , Leite Umbelina do Rego , Souza Sidclay Bezerra de , Pattussi Marcos Pascoal
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Condom Embarrassment Scale for use in the Brazilian context. Method: methodological study that included the following steps: initial translation of the original scale by two independent translators, summary of translations, reverse translation, evaluation of the reverse translation by the author of the original scale, adaptations in the Portuguese version by a committee of experts and completion of pre -test. Such steps allowed the necessary adaptations to be made to the socio-cultural reality and to the level of understanding of the target population. 42 university students aged 18 to 28, of both sexes, from a university located in the Midwest Region of Brazil participated in the pre-test. Results: considering the idiomatic and cultural variations evaluated, the Portuguese version demonstrated equivalence with the North American version. Conclusion: the Brazilian Portuguese version of the scale demonstrated comprehensibility when applied to university students. Further studies evaluating the psychometric properties of the scale are needed.
Intervenções fisioterapêuticas direcionadas à pessoa idosa em situação de violência: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Dias Adriana Luna Pinto , Almeida Ana Maria de , Schveitzer Mariana Cabral , Souto Rafaella Queiroga
Published: January 2021

Resumo Objetivo Identificar as intervenções fisioterapêuticas direcionadas à pessoa idosa em situação de violência. Método Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, em que foram acessadas as seguintes bases de dados/bibliotecas/buscadores e literatura cinzenta: BVS, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PEDro, BDTD, OpenGrey, OpenThesis, RCAAP, Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, DART-Europe E-theses Portal e Theses Canada Portal. As buscas utilizaram os descritores e palavras-chave, que foram combinados por meio dos operadores booleanos OR e AND: Fisioterapeutas, Fisioterapia, “Physical Therapists”, Physiotherapy, “Physical Therapy”, “Physical Therapy Specialty”, “Physical Therapy Modalities”, Rehabilitation, Reabilitação, “Elder Abuse”, “Maus-tratos ao Idoso”, “Physical Abuse”, “Elder Neglect”, “Aged Abuse” e “Elder Mistreatment”. Resultados Dos 601 registros encontrados, 46 foram excluídos por serem duplicados, sendo selecionados 555 para leitura dos respectivos títulos e resumos. Foram excluídas 548 publicações por não se adequarem aos critérios de inclusão, sendo pré-selecionados 7 trabalhos. Pela estratégia Snowballing um foi identificado, originando um resultado final de 8 estudos. Conclusão As intervenções fisioterapêuticas direcionadas à pessoa idosa em situação de violência compreendem: educação em saúde, medidas no estresse do cuidador, recursos comunitários, rastreamento/triagem, avaliação, identificação, plano terapêutico/reabilitação e denúncia. Diante dos achados, observa-se que, apesar da lacuna no conhecimento dessa temática, o fisioterapeuta desempenha um papel imprescindível na condução de casos de violência contra a pessoa idosa.
Efeito imediato da estimulação auditiva rítmica nos parâmetros espaços-temporais da marcha de idosos sedentários: um estudo piloto
Authors: Nascimento Camila Maria Mendes , Lucena Laiza de Oliveira , Lima Ágata Rodrigues de , Lima Jonathas Carlos de , Lins Carla Cabral dos Santos Accioly , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales
Published: January 2021

Resumo Objetivos Avaliar o efeito imediato da estimulação auditiva rítmica (EAR) com música sobre os parâmetros espaços-temporais da marcha em idosos sedentários e analisar possíveis interações com os episódios de quedas. Métodos Estudo piloto de intervenção com idosos sedentários (n=15), idade ≥ 60 anos, ambos os sexos, independentes na marcha. Adicionalmente, os idosos foram divididos em dois grupos, caidores (n=5) e não caidores (n=10), baseado no histórico de quedas no último ano. A avaliação dos parâmetros espaços-temporais da marcha foi realizada através do teste de Caminhada de 10 metros executado em marcha livre (T0), repetido com suporte da EAR com música (T1) e executado em marcha livre novamente (T2). Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados a ANOVA de medidas repetidas e a ANOVA (two-way) para comparação entre os grupos, com o post hoc de Tukey. O tamanho do efeito das intervenções também foi calculado. Resultados Houve redução significativa do tempo e do número de passos e um aumento da velocidade da marcha (p<0,0001; com efeito grande) entre os momentos T0-T1 e T0-T2. Ambos os grupos caidores e não caidores apresentaram redução significativa do tempo e do número de passos (p<0,0001) e aumento da velocidade (p<0,0001), mas apenas na variável cadência houve efeito do grupo e da interação tempo e grupo. Conclusão Verificou-se um efeito imediato positivo do uso da EAR nos parâmetros espaços-temporais da marcha de idosos sedentários com maior efeito na cadência de idosos não caidores.
Tendência temporal da incidência da coinfecção TB/HIV e testagem de HIV da população idosa brasileira de 2008 a 2018
Authors: Silva Janderson Diego Pimenta da , Azevedo Rosemeiry Capriata de Souza , Reiners Annelita Almeida Oliveira , Santana Aenne Zandonadi Rodrigues , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Vendramini Ana Carolina Macri Gaspar
Published: January 2021

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a tendência temporal da incidência da coinfecção TB/HIV e a proporção de testagem de HIV na população idosa brasileira e suas regiões, de 2008 a 2018. Método Estudo ecológico, de série temporal, realizado com todos os casos novos de pessoas idosas com coinfecção TB/HIV. Os dados foram extraídos do SINAN-TB e analisados pelo método Prais-Winsten. Resultados Na análise temporal da incidência, o Brasil apresentou tendência estável (VPA 2,1) e as regiões: Sudeste tendência decrescente (VPA -2,15), Nordeste e Norte tendências crescentes (VPA 9,92; VPA 10,18 respectivamente) e Sul e Centro-Oeste tendências estáveis (VPA 0,17; VPA 4,81 respectivamente). No Brasil e nas regiões a proporção de testagem para o HIV mostrou tendências crescentes: Brasil (VPA 12,82), Norte (VPA 20,46), Nordeste (VPA 17,85), Sudeste (VPA 10,29), Sul (VPA 7,11) e Centro-Oeste (VPA 6,10). Dos 3213 casos novos de coinfecção TB/HIV notificados no período estudado, a maior parte (68,66%) foi do sexo masculino, 78,74% na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos. Quanto à forma clínica a maioria (72,70%) foi do tipo pulmonar. Conclusão Diante da magnitude e implicações da coinfecção TB/HIV na população idosa para os serviços de saúde, esses achados poderão subsidiar profissionais de saúde e gestores na adoção de medidas eficazes no controle dessas doenças.
Personality Impairment in Children and Adolescents with ADHD
Authors: Haddad Anna Helena , Yazig Latife , Resende Ana Cristina , Areco Kelsy Catherina Nema , Semer Norma Lottenberg , Lotufo Neto Francisco
Published: January 2021

Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents manifests itself in a heterogeneous manner as regards personality aspects. This study aimed to evaluate, by using the Ego Impairment Index, the personality functioning characteristics of children and adolescents between 9 and 15 years old (to be completed), diagnosed with the disorder (clinical group) and compare them with a non-clinical group. The groups included 42 participants each. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime version was used for diagnosis, and the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) was utilized for personality traits. When compared to their peers, the participants in the clinical group showed ability to discern adaptive behaviors through proper judgment, difficulty in keeping thinking and reasoning processes stable, a negative view of themselves and others, in addition to difficulty in establishing cooperative relationships.
Incremental Validity between the Wartegg and Rorschach tests (R-PAS)
Authors: Pessotto Fernando , Primi Ricardo
Published: January 2021

Abstract Incremental validity indicates how much a measure can add prevision to a criterion, more than what can be previewed by other sources of data. In other words, it means how an instrument can complement and aid on information comprehension derived from another. The objective of the study was to verify evidence of incremental validity between the Wartegg and the Rorschach tests (R-PAS). A total of 40 subjects with ages varying between 21 to 70 years participated, divided into two groups, one composed by schizophrenia diagnosis and another, by subjects with a history of psychiatric diseases. Everybody responded to the Rorschach and Wartegg tests. The results indicated predictive capacity among the instruments of 75% for the variable Formal Quality, 98% for Movement and 100% for Content. New studies are suggested about validity evidences with larger samples as well as the analysis of other variables, not explored in this study.
Nitrogen fertilization in off-season corn crop in different Brazilian Cerrado environments
Authors: Simão Eduardo de Paula , Resende Álvaro Vilela de , Gontijo Neto Miguel Marques , Silva Alexandre Ferreira da , Godinho Vicente de Paulo Campos , Galvão João Carlos Cardoso , Borghi Emerson , Oliveira Antônio Carlos de , Giehl Jeferson
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the grain yield and the economic response of off-season corn (Zea mays) crop subjected to different combinations of starter and topdressing nitrogen fertilization, in the Brazilian Cerrado region. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design in a 3×4 factorial arrangement (0, 45, and 90 kg ha-1 N at sowing and 0, 22.5, 45, and 90 kg ha-1 N in topdressing as urea), in six environments, combining three sites and two sowing times. Grain yield was determined, and the response to total N applied as starter and topdressing was used to obtain a general model of the average trend of the technical and economic return of fertilization. The corn crop response varied according to the environment, and the observed yields were high. The application of N as a starter fertilizer increased corn yield and improved the effect of topdressing fertilization or even made it unnecessary. Fertilization with 90 kg ha-1 N as urea promotes greater yield and economic return and improves N balance in the soybean/off-season corn crop system.
Organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of fillets of pirapitinga fed different protein sources in a biofloc system
Authors: Díaz Hernán Antonio Alzate , Ramírez Adriana Patricia Muñoz , Emerenciano Maurício Gustavo Coelho , Carrasco Sandra Clemencia Pardo
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the organoleptic and nutritional quality of fillets of cultured pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus), fed diets with either partial or total substitution of fishmeal, and to determine the nutritional quality of the biofloc meal. Fish were cultured in 500-L tanks with 84 fish m-3, treated with biofloc technology (BFT), and fed three isoproteic diets (24% crude protein, CP) formulated with the following protein sources: soybean meal (SM); soybean meal + fishmeal (SM+FM); and soybean meal + spirulina (SM+SP). After 84 days of culture, microbiological, nutritional, and sensory analyses were carried out on fillets with skin and without scales. There were not significant differences for dry matter, CP, moisture, and fat content between treatments. The fatty acid profile showed 21.3±1.03% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs = ω-3 + ω-6), 37.11±1.29% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 41.58±1.34% saturated fatty acids (SFAs). The protein sources soybean meal and spirulina do not affect the fillet quality of pirapitinga nor the nutritional quality of biofloc meal.
The Relation of Shakespeare to Montaigne
Authors: Hooker Elizabeth Robbins
Published: January 2021

That Shakespeare read Montaigne's Essays is made probable by the fact that they were well-known to his contemporaries. He was only sixteen when the first two books were published in Paris. By the end of the century, before he had begun to write his greatest tragedies, the popularity of the work had already spread to England. Of this fact there still remain many signs: “Seven or eight of great wit and worth,” Florio tells us, had made attempts to translate the Essays; two separate entries of such a translation had been made in the Stationers' Register; “divers of his peeces” in English, Cornwallis writes, were going from hand to hand in manuscript; and Bacon had published Essays, in which not only the name, but several appropriations of thought, acknowledged and unacknowledged, show the indebtedness of their author to Montaigne.
Some Arthurian Fragments from Fourteenth Century Chronicles
Authors: Fletcher Robert Huntington
Published: January 2021

The Chronicle of the Monastery of Hales (in Gloucestershire) occupies the first fifty-six folios of ms. Cotton Cleopatra D. iii, a manuscript written in or soon after the year 1301, with which it originally ended. As is the case with scores of other Latin Chronicles of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, its first part, the “Gesta Britonum,” consists essentially of a condensation of Geoffry of Monmouth's Historia, with a few divergences. It has no notable feature before the reign of Arthur.
A Study of the Romance of the Seven Sages with Special Reference to the Middle English Versions
Authors: Campbell Killis
Published: January 2021

The main object of this study has been to investigate thoroughly the relations of the Middle English versions of the Seven Sages of Rome.
A Hitherto Unnoticed Middle English Manuscript of the Seven Sages
Authors: Napier Arthur S.
Published: January 2021

In the very exhaustive and thorough account of the Middle English versions of the Seven Sages by Dr. Killis Campbell, which appeared in these Publications, XIV, pp. 37 f., I see that the Bodleian MS. has escaped notice. As I believe that no one has hitherto called attention to this version, it may be worth while to give a brief account of it here. I came across it some years ago whilst working through a number of the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library. The MS. in question bears the press mark MS. Rawl. Poet. 175 (New Catalogue 14667) and is a parchment MS. of the middle of the 14th century, The Seven Sages occupying fol. 109-131b. This Rawlinson version is in the Northern dialect and agrees very closely indeed with MS. C (Cotton Galba E. IX); in fact in the portions which I have examined, these two MSS. agree almost word for word, as the following specimen and collations show. To give some idea of the MS. I here append (1) 11. 1-128 in full, (2) the readings from the Rawlinson MS. which differ from MS. C in the Avis story, and (3) the readings from the Rawl. MS. which differ from MS. C in the last portion of the whole (ll. 3913-4002). Contractions are denoted by italics.
The Work of the Modern Language Association of America
Authors: Smith C. Alphonso
Published: January 2021

In one of his most characteristic essays Matthew Arnold has discussed the literary influence of academies. He reminds us that “In the bulk of the intellectual work of a nation which has no centre, no intellectual metropolis like an academy .... there is observable a note of provinciality.” This note of provinciality, he further says, is due to one or both of two causes: (1) To remoteness from a “centre of correct information;” and (2) to remoteness from a “ centre of correct taste.” Remoteness from a centre of correct information gives rise to provinciality of ideas; while remoteness from a centre of correct taste gives rise to provinciality of style. Arnold declares, for example, that Addison, though free from provinciality of style, is yet provincial in his ideas. He is not a moralist of the first rank, says Arnold, because “he has not the best ideas attainable in or about his time, and which were, so to speak, in the air then, to be seized by the finest spirits. . . . He is provincial by his matter, though not by his manner.”
The First Riddle of Cynewulf
Authors: Lawrence William Witherle
Published: January 2021

There are few questions concerning Anglo-Saxon literature which have been more widely discussed than the interpretation of the so-called First Riddle of Cynewulf. The subject was introduced by Heinrich Leo in 1857, in his celebrated monograph Quae de se ipso Cynewulfus Poeta Anglosaxonicus tradiderit. Before that time the line shad attracted little attention. As is well known, they occur in the Exeter Book, the collection of verse left by Bishop Leofric to his cathedral church in the eleventh century. Thorpe, in his edition of this manuscript, did not venture to translate them, which is scarcely to be wondered at, since both language and grammatical construction are unusually obscure. The investigations of Leo, however, with those of his followers and opponents, at once gave great interest and importance to the almost unnoticed lines. It may be well to mention briefly the principal theories which have been founded on this bit of verse, some of which rival in ingenuity the familiar attempts to establish a Baconian cypher in the works of Shakespeare.
A Study of Pope's Imitations of Horace
Authors: Tupper James W.
Published: January 2021

Dr. Johnson said of Pope's Imitations of the Satires and Epistles of Horace that they “cannot give pleasure to common readers; the man of learning may be sometimes surprised and delighted by an unexpected parallel; but the comparison requires knowledge of the original, which will likewise often detect strained applications. Between Roman images and English manners there will be an irreconcileable dissimilitude, and the works will be generally uncouth and party-coloured; neither original nor translated, neither ancient nor modern.” It is not necessary to refute, what no one now maintains, that these Imitations cannot give pleasure to common readers, that they appeal only to men of learning by their unexpected parallels to the original, or that they are generally uncouth. It remains, then, to discover how far the rest of this criticism holds good as well as to investigate Pope's methods in rendering his original.
Characterization in the Beginning of Thackeray's Pendennis
Authors: Merrill Katharine
Published: January 2021

This paper was begun with the expectation of dealing somewhat fully with one large division of Pendennis, but as the investigation proceeded, ample material was found for a report of usual length in the one topic of characterization; hence, other topics have been omitted. The word ‘beginning’ is used technically to include the early part of the book up to the point where the chief opposing elements of the entire action face each other. If the essence of a story consists in a conflict of forces, the beginning cannot logically end with the introduction of one set of these forces, nor is it extended into the active struggle between them, for this makes the middle of the action. The point of juxtaposition of the two sets, therefore, if not the point of opposition, must form the end of the beginning.
Literary Symbolism in France
Authors: Schinz Albert
Published: January 2021

The terms “symbolist” and “décadent” are often considered synonymous. This has its reason for being; the two directions are related not only empirically, but logically. Symbolism calls forth Decadentism. However, for a study of the contemporary movement in French literature it would be advantageous to separate the two tendencies. This is easy enough, seeing that Symbolism has relation, above all, to the very foundation of the thought of the poets and writers of the group in question, while Decadentism is related to the expression of that thought. Up to this time Decadentism has been studied too much, Symbolism too little. Hence the confusion of criticism, which, itself ignorant of the fundamental side of the problem, has kept in ignorance the public wishing to draw inspiration from it. We are speaking naturally of a particular criticism, the official one in France: Brunetière, Doumic, Lemaître, etc. Men like Mauclair or Beaunier were yet too young to give sufficient value to their authority against these pontiffs, at a time when that would have been necessary for the understanding of the new-comers. However, the two recent books by Kahn (Symbolistes et Décadents, Paris, Vanier, 1902) and by Beaunier (La Poésie nouvelle, éd. du Mercure de France, Paris, 1902) will henceforth render inexcusable, even among the general public, the superficial appreciation of Symbolism which has been the fashion up to now.
The Latin and the Anglo-Saxon Juliana
Authors: Garnett James M.
Published: January 2021

In the Acta Sanctorum, volume II for February, being volume V of the whole work, under date of February 16th, the assigned date of her martyrdom, we find two lives of St. Juliana, both edited by Bolland himself. One of these lives is by an anonymous author, and is edited from eleven mss., collected by Bolland from various libraries duly specified; and the other is by a certain Peter, a sub-deacon, and is edited from mss. at Naples and at Capua. This Life is dedicated by Peter to an “Egregio Patri Domno Petro sanctae Parthenopensis Ecclesiae optimo Pastori,” at whose request it claims to have been written, and who is identified by Bolland with Peter, Archbishop of Naples, 1094-1111. If this identification is correct, the second Life is much later than the first; and it is written in a much more ornate and elaborate style, frequently interspersed with hexameter verses.
Proper Names in Old English Verse
Authors: Bright James W.
Published: January 2021

It is true that the poets often allow proper names to disturb the rhythmic character of verse; but there are limits beyond which few versifiers will be found to push any special license that they may be disposed to exercise in the use of names. The famous Shakespearean crux in the line,

“Lucius, Lucullus, and Sempronius Vllorxa,”

[Timon, III, iv, 112.]
VII.—The Philological Legend of Cynewulf
Authors: Jr Frederick Tupper
Published: January 2021

Romance seldom stalks frank and undisguised. It wears the sober cloak of religion in the pious fictions of the saints and assumes the honest name of history in the inventions of chroniclers. Yet nowhere does it veil its face more darkly than in the pages of seemingly serious-minded biographers. That curious volume, recorded by Isaac D'Israeli, the Farfalloni degli Antichi Historici, might easily find its counterpart in our English literary apocrypha. The legalized narrative of Alfred's splendid foundation of the University of Oxford; Chaucer's life at the University and at Woodstock and his base betrayal of his friends; Shakespeare's intrigue with William Herbert's mistress; Milton's dream-meeting with the fair Italians under the Cambridge tree—all these have been themes of the legend maker. Now he who harks back to the earliest days of Old English prose and poetry will find disguised romance lurking everywhere. The philologist has often dragged it forth and stripped it of its pretences; but he has just as often connived at its rogueries. This connivance has been in the main unconscious, for the Anglist has been the dupe of his methods which have led him all unwitting into the very lap of legends. In his fallacies of false assumption, in his tame acquiescence in unfounded assertions that bear a certain stamp of authority and in his proneness to manipulate by argument data that he will be branded for doubting, the modern scholar is too often akin to the medieval schoolman. And so, in his last chapter, sly romance has its way with him.