bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the main problems arising during the recognition of the defect type based on the results of the dissolved gases analysis
Authors: Shutenko Oleg
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of the analysis of the main problems that arise when recognising the defect type in oil-filled equipment of electric power networks based on the results of the dissolved gases analysis. On the example of interpreting the actual results of the dissolved gases analysis, the main problems arising in the recognition of partial discharges, spark discharges, discharges with low and high energy density, local overheating and combined defects are analysed using the graphical method from the IEC 60599 standard, the ETRA square and the Duval triangle. The analysis revealed significant discrepancies in the norms and criteria regulated by different standards and methods for interpreting the results of the dissolved gases analysis to recognise the same defect. The research results showed that for almost all the analysed defects, the non-recognition is caused by the absence of normalised values of diagnostic criteria (values of gas ratios, percentage of gases and ratios of gas concentrations to the gas with the maximum content) for some defects or combinations of several defects. False diagnoses are made when identifying the type of defects in oil-filled equipment based on the results of the dissolved gases analysis because the values of individual gas ratios or percentage content of individual gases are not taken into account. The analysis revealed contradictions in the diagnoses made when different diagnostic criteria (ratios of characteristic gases and percentage of gases) are used for the same results of the analysis of gases dissolved in oil. Ensuring reliable recognition of the type of defect in oil-filled equipment based on the results of dissolved gas analysis is possible thanks to an integrated approach that includes not only the analysis of gas ratios, but also the analysis of the percentage of gases and defect nomograms. In addition, it is crucial to take into account the physicochemical laws of gas formation in oil, in particular, the dependence of gas content on the temperature or energy of defects.
IMPROVING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IMPELLER OF A HIGH-PRESSURE CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR BY DESIGNING WITH THE HELP OF CAD
Authors: Rogovyi Andrii , Azarov Andrii , Demchuk Roman
Published: November 2023

High-pressure compressors are among the most common pneumatic machines in industry and transport. Classical methods of designing such machines are based on flow modeling methods in two-dimensional and one-dimensional settings. The specified design methods lead to the creation of sufficiently perfect constructions, but their characteristics can still be improved. To simulate the flow in a high-pressure compressor, it becomes relevant to study the possibilities of optimizing the design using the Ansys Vista CAD system, which can significantly increase the efficiency of the compressor. The goal of the work is to improve the characteristics of the high-pressure centrifugal compressor impeller by designing with the help of CAD. The study was carried out on the basis of the design of the flow part of the impeller of a high-pressure centrifugal compressor using the Ansys VistaCCD automated design system based on the operation parameters of a mass-produced compressor. It was found that the efficiency maxima location of the designed and serial compressor impellers are approximately the same, while the polytropic efficiency of the designed impeller is 6 % more. At the same time, the ratio of total pressures decreases by 18 %. On the other hand, the high-efficiency zone of the impeller is significantly expanded for the designed impeller. This range has increased more than three times. At the same time, in the zone of optimal efficiency, the power consumed for the designed impeller decreases by 20 % to 240 kW. The designed impeller has a more perfect distribution of pressures for the splitter with approximately the same characteristics for the main blades of the impellers. Analyzing the velocity vectors and distributions, it can be derived that the serial compressor has two separation zones: in the blade bending region and at the outlet, unlike the designed one.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF PROCESS FLUID FLOW IN THE PIPES OF A COILED TUBING INSTALLATION
Authors: Shevchenko Nataliya , Kaliuzhnyi Vladyslav , Andriievska Viktoriia
Published: November 2023

Today, one of the modern trends is the use of coiled tubing technologies and improvement of the composition of washing agents (liquids). The features of coiled tubing technological sections are considered – spiral pipe laying, the ratio of the main dimensions of flexible pipes, drum and guide sector. The presence of a pipe conveyor gives special responsibility for ensuring the movement of a string of flexible pipes within a given load range. The length of the pipes reaches 5000 m. The radial dimensions of the well are 150 mm. The stages of determining the main parameters of a pumping unit for supplying process fluid to a well are listed. When carrying out technological operations, the pump must overcome the hydrodynamic losses of direct and reverse fluid supply into the well. It is necessary to take into account the possibility of misalignment of cylindrical pipes. To carry out technological operations to intensify oil production, multicomponent process fluids are used. The presence of chemical and polymer additives in liquids has a significant impact on the properties of aqueous and hydrocarbon systems and forms gels of varying density, viscosity and rheology. It is known that even a small content of polymer additives in the solution (6–30 g/l) leads to non-Newtonian behavior of the washing fluid in the well pipes. The work uses experimental data obtained by Region LLC of Ukraine. For numerical modeling of the hydrodynamic characteristics of a process fluid, linear and nonlinear models of a viscous fluid are used. In all cases, steady flow was considered. Due to the fact that the work uses the academic version of the ANSYS CFD package with limited capabilities in terms of the number of cells, the computational areas were selected using simplified schemes. The following schemes are considered: spiral – guide – straight pipe, only the spiral part of winding the pipe on a drum, an annular space between cylindrical pipes with possible eccentricity. The results of numerous studies are used to predict hydraulic resistance coefficients in pipes and the characteristics of pumping equipment for supplying process fluid to a well. The results can also be used for verification strength calculations of flexible pipe columns for hazardous sections.
Guidelines for the Use of Botulinum Toxin in Otolaryngology From the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics Guideline Task Force
Authors:   Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics, and Logopedics Guideline Task Force, Ban Myung Jin , Ryu Chang Hwan , Woo Joo Hyun , Lee Young Chan , Lee Dong Kun , Kwon Minsu , Hong Yong Tae , Lee Gil Joon , Byeon Hyung Kwon , Choi Seung Ho , Lee Seung Won
Published: November 2023

The Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics created a task force to establish clinical practice guidelines for the use of botulinum toxin (BT) in otolaryngology. We selected 10 disease categories: spasmodic dysphonia, essential vocal tremor, vocal fold granuloma, bilateral vocal fold paralysis, Frey’s syndrome, sialocele, sialorrhea, cricopharyngeal dysfunction, chronic sialadenitis, and first bite syndrome. To retrieve all relevant papers, we searched the CORE databases with predefined search strategies, including Medline (PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and KoreaMed. The committee reported 13 final recommendations with detailed evidence profiles. The guidelines are primarily aimed at all clinicians applying BT to the head and neck area. In addition, the guidelines aim to promote an improved understanding of the safe and effective use of BT by policymakers and counselors, as well as in patients scheduled to receive BT injections.
Uso de los dispositivos móviles en la infancia: oportunidades y peligros
Authors: González-Sanmamed Mercedes , Losada-Puente Luisa , Rebollo-Quintela Nuria , Rodríguez-Machado Eduardo
Published: November 2023

El análisis de los efectos del uso de dispositivos tecnológicos en la infancia suscita especial interés científico y social. La responsabilidad otorgada a las familias en la educación digital de la infancia hace imprescindible contar con sus percepciones para comprender este fenómeno. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, a través de la técnica de encuesta, en la que se indagó en la percepción de las familias acerca del uso que sus hijas e hijos realizaban de dispositivos móviles. Se aplicó un cuestionario compuesto por 15 ítems (escala Likert 5 puntos) sobre los beneficios y riesgos del uso de estos dispositivos. Participaron 241 familias (73.4% madres), con hijos/as de 3 a 8 años (51.7% niñas) escolarizados en Educación Infantil y Primaria. Los resultados mostraron una valoración más elevada de los riesgos, destacando el acceso a contenido inapropiado. La utilidad educativa y el entretenimiento fueron los beneficios más valorados. El nivel de preocupación fue mayor en familias con hijos/as en Educación Infantil. La edad de los progenitores correlacionó negativamente con la valoración de los beneficios para el control parental y su utilidad educativa, y la edad de los/as hijos/as positivamente con la preocupación por el aislamiento familiar y social. Hubo diferencias en función del tiempo de conexión y del empleo de mecanismos de control parental. Finalmente, se apunta la necesidad de tomar medidas preventivas de educación digital escolar y familiar que permitan optimizar los beneficios del uso de dispositivos y reducir los riesgos asociados a su uso desde edades tempranas.
Nonionic Surfactant Blends for Enhanced Oil Recovery in High-Temperature Eagle Ford Reservoir
Authors: Ladan Elsie B. , Schechter David S.
Published: November 2023

Nonionic surfactants have proven successful and cost-effective in enhancing production from conventional and unconventional reservoirs. However, studies into the mechanism and performance of nonionic surfactants have been limited to reservoirs with temperatures below 200°F due to the temperature-dependent physiochemical properties, especially cloudpoint (CP). In this study, nonionic-ionic surfactant blends were designed to create nonionic systems with cloudpoint temperatures (CPTs) above 300°F for wettability alteration in high-temperature reservoirs like the Eagle Ford Shale in Texas, USA.

Through CP, wettability, interfacial tension (IFT), and spontaneous imbibition experiments, 22 commercial surfactant samples (individual and blends) were investigated. Results showed that the amount of ionic cosurfactant affected thermal stability, with increasing concentration leading to increasing CPT. Wettability alteration was dependent not only on temperature but also on the class of ionic cosurfactant. Cationic cosurfactants were superior at improving nonionic surfactants’ thermal stability. However, they resulted in oil-wet contact angles (CAs) with increasing temperature. On the other hand, anionic cosurfactants displayed better synergy in terms of wettability alteration, creating strongly water-wet and intermediate-wet CAs at high temperatures. Therefore, the focus was placed on nonionic-anionic surfactant blends for the reservoir samples used in this study. Stable surfactant blends with CPTs from 316°F to 348°F were successfully created for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications at high-temperature conditions. Spontaneous imbibition studies using these blends indicated improved recovery by up to 173%. This work validates and builds upon previous studies of surfactant performance, wettability alteration, and IFT while providing new insight into nonionic surfactant blends at temperature conditions not currently available in the literature. It also serves as a template for the surfactant screening and selection process when considering nonionic surfactants.
The barriers and enablers to the integration of a clinical decision support systems into general practice medical software: A narrative review using a systematic approach
Authors: Hallinan Christine Mary , GP Libby Dai , Canaway Rachel , Hegarty Kelsey , Boyle Douglas
Published: November 2023

Background Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have become an integral part of clinical software management systems in Australian general practices. These systems encompass a range of tools that support patient data management, medication management, patient diagnosis, decision support, pharmacovigilance, drug control, and clinical guidance. They provide functionalities such as computerised alerts, recalls, reminders, clinical guidelines, patient data reports, documentation templates, clinical workflow tools, and prescribing guidance. In this research we aim to explore the enablers and barriers related to the integration of clinical decision support tools into existing clinical management software systems, by undertaking a systematic search of the literature.Methods For this narrative review, MEDLINE (Web of Science) and Scopus databases were searched for peer reviewed articles published in English between January 1980 and March 2023. All study types that examined clinical decision support in medicine were included in the review.Results Thirty-nine studies were included in this review. Of these studies, most reported CDSS varied widely in application, scope, functionality, type, and complexity. Differences in CDSS technical and clinical interface functionality provide options around the type of prompts delivered to a general practitioner (GP). Passive prompts provide clinical guidance to the GP end-user without requiring any action on their part, while active prompts are automated clinical actions or alerts, which the user must either accept or override to proceed with their workflow. CDSS applications include those for the detection and management of cancer, sepsis, acute pain, hypertension, asthma, diabetes, alcohol and tobacco use, antibiotic prescribing, vaccination, medication adverse events, and pregnancy care. For CDSS to provide maximum utility, co-design between the GP end-user and developer needs to be embedded in the functionality.Conclusion Implementation of an integrative multidisciplinary CDSS is not static, it involves multiple iterations of development and re-design that is based on both staged and ad-hoc usability evaluations. This narrative review found the use of co-design provides opportunities for a deeper understanding of the barriers and enablers to the integration of CDSS in clinical practice. Co-design also facilitates the development of more individualised ‘bespoke’ CDSS so the specific needs of clinician end-users can be fulfilled.
Determinant factors, barriers and performance outcomes of green innovation adoption by firms: a systematic literature review
Authors: Liu Shu , Thurasamy Ramayah , Mohamad Marini Nurbanum
Published: November 2023

What is the significance of understanding the determinant factors and motivations behind a firm’s decision to adopt green innovations, identifying the sources of barriers and what are the outcomes of such adoption? How do the findings from the literature review help to define the conceptual framework for green innovation adoption (GIA)? What are the future research trends? To address these research questions, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted. After defining inclusion and exclusion search criteria, a systematic search of peer-reviewed articles from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases was conducted. The search database contained 84 papers, of which 42 met the specific analysis goals of this study using the InOrdinatio method. The results indicated a growing interest in green innovation, with 78.57% of papers published between 2015 and 2022. Top research countries include Pakistan, the EU, China, the USA and Malaysia. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods were used in selecting the papers, which highlight leading firms as protagonists in developing new technologies. This research aims to promote internal factors that firms can manage, rather than complying with external factors beyond their control. Based on the SLR, this paper proposes a proposition and a conceptual model for further research on GIA. This study offers a novel framework and understanding for researchers to explore the antecedents and consequences of GIA by enterprises. Based on the identified literature gaps, promising avenues for future research were proposed.
The use of implementation science theories, models, and frameworks in implementation research for medicinal products: a scoping review
Authors: Smith Meredith Y , Gaglio Bridget , Anatchkova Milena
Published: November 2023

Background: The uptake, adoption, and integration of new medicines and treatment regimens within healthcare delivery can take a decade or more. Increasingly, implementation science (IS) research is being used to bridge this gap between the availability of new therapeutic evidence and its actual application in clinical practice. Little is known, however, about the quality of IS research in this area, including the degree to which theories, models, and frameworks (TMFs) are being used. The objective of this study was to conduct a scoping review of the use of TMFs in implementation research involving medicinal products.
Methods: A search was conducted for English language abstracts and manuscripts describing the application of TMFs in IS studies for medicinal products. Eligible publications were those published between January 1, 1974, and December 12, 2022.
All records were screened at the title and abstract stage; included full-text papers were abstracted using data extraction tables designed for the study. Study quality was appraised using the Implementation Research Development Tool.
Results: The initial scoping search identified 2,697 publications, of which nine were ultimately eligible for inclusion in the review. Most studies were published after 2020 and varied in their objectives, design, and therapeutic area. Most studies had sample sizes of fewer than 50 participants, and all focused on the post-marketing phase of drug development. The TMF most frequently used was the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Although most studies applied all TMF domains, TMF use was limited to instrument development and/or qualitative analysis. Quality appraisals indicated the need for engaging patients and other stakeholders in the implementation research, reporting on the cost of implementation strategies, and evaluating the unintended consequences of implementation efforts.
Conclusions: We found that few IS studies involving medicinal products reported using TMFs. Those that did encompassed a wide variety of therapeutic indications and medicinal products; all were in the post-marketing phase and involved limited application of the TMF. Researchers should consider conducting IS in earlier phases of drug development and integrate the TMF throughout the research process. More consistent and in-depth use of TMFs may help advance research in this area.
First record of a negative single stranded RNA viruses from entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin
Authors: Zhang Zheng-kun , Xu Mengnan , Liu Hongyu , Jia Xue , Zou Xiaowei , Lu Yizhuo , Sui Li , Li Qiyun , Liu Jianfeng
Published: November 2023

Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin is an entomopathogenic fungus that has been developed as a biological insecticide and used worldwide. B. bassiana can be infected by one or more mycoviruses, which are generally double stranded RNA viruses (dsRNA), but single stranded RNA virus (ssRNA) infection has been rarely reported, especially negative single stranded RNA viruses (-ssRNA). In the present study, we sequenced and analyzed the whole genomes of two different nucleic acid types of mycoviruses that co-infected one B. bassiana strain, which are -ssRNA and dsRNA, namely Beauveria bassiana negative transcribed RNA virus 1 (BbNSRVs1) and Beauveria bassiana dsRNA mycovirus 1 (BbdsRNAMV1), respectively. The genome of BbNSRVs1 consists of a -ssRNA segment with a length of 6169 bp harboring a single open reading frame (ORF), which encodes a putative RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with 1949 aa (220.1 kDa), it showed the highest homology of 59.79% to that of PvLamonoambiV2 belongs to family Monoegalales according to a BLASTx analysis. This is the first report of -ssRNA mycovirus in B. bassiana. The genome of BbdsRNAMV1 consists of two dsRNA fragments with 2164 bp and 1765 bp in length, respectively, the dsRNA1 of which encodes a conserved RdRp motif, with a BLASTx homology of 70.75% to that of a taxonomically undetermined mycovirus Fusarium graminearum dsRNA mycovirus 5 (FgdsRNAMV5), and the dsRNA2 encodes a coat protein (CP) motif, with a BLASTx homology of 64.26% to that of the FgdsRNAMV5. Therefore, the status of virus BbdsRNAMV1 was taxonomically undetermined.
Microbial community structure and metabolic profile of anthropized freshwater tributary channels from La Plata River, Argentina to develop sustainable remediation strategies
Authors: Starevich Viviana Ayelén , Madueño Laura , Festa Sabrina , Agnello Ana Carolina , Cecotti Martina , Layún Florencia , Oneto Maria Elena , Panno María Teresa Del , Morelli Irma Susana
Published: November 2023

Microbial communities from freshwater sediments are involved in biogeochemical cycles and they can be modified by physical and chemical changes in the environment. Linking the microbial community structure (MCS) with physicochemistry of freshwater courses allows a better understanding of its ecology and can be useful to assess the ecological impact generated by human activity. The MCS of tributary channels from La Plata River affected by oil refinery (C, D and E) and one also by urban discharges (C) was studied. For this purpose, 16S rRNA metabarcoding analysis, in silico metagenome functional prediction and the hydrocarbon degradation potential (in silico predictions of hydrocarbon degrading genes and their quantification by qPCR) of the MCS were studied. Principal coordinate analysis revealed that the MCS was different between sites, and it was not structured by the hydrocarbon content. Site C showed physicochemical characteristics, bacterial taxa and an in silico functional prediction related to fermentative/heterotrophic metabolism. Site D, despite having higher concentration of hydrocarbon, presented autotrophic, syntrophic, and methanogenic pathways commonly involved in natural processes in anoxic sediments. Site E showed and intermediate autotrophic/heterotrophic behaviour. The hydrocarbon degradation potential showed no positive correlation between the hydrocarbon degrading genes quantified and predicted. The results suggest that the hydrocarbon concentration in the sites was not enough selection pressure from to structure the bacterial community composition. Understanding which is the variable that structures the bacterial community composition is essential for monitoring and designing of sustainable management strategies for contaminated freshwater ecosystems.
Deep Neural Operator Driven Digital Twin-EnablingTechnology: Accelerated Surrogate Prediction for NuclearSystems
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuma , Alam Syed Bahauddin
Published: November 2023

This research introduces the Deep Operator Network (DeepONet) as a robust surrogate modeling method within the context of digital twin (DT) systems for nuclear energy systems. With the increasing importance of nuclear energy as a carbon-neutral solution, adopting DT technology has become crucial to enhancing operational efficiencies, safety, and predictive capabilities in nuclear engineering applications. DeepONet exhibits remarkable prediction accuracy, outperforming traditional ML methods.Through extensive benchmarking and evaluation, this study showcases the scalability and computational efficiency of DeepONet in solving a challenging particle transport problem. By taking functions as input data and constructing the operator G from training data, DeepONet can handle diverse and complex scenarios effectively.However, the application of DeepONet also reveals challenges related to optimal sensor placement and model evaluation, critical aspects of real-world implementation. Addressing these challenges will further enhance the method's practicality and reliability.Overall, DeepONet presents a promising and transformative tool for nuclear engineering research and applications. Its accurate prediction and computational efficiency capabilities can revolutionize DT systems, advancing nuclear engineering research. This study marks an important step towards harnessing the power of surrogate modeling techniques in critical engineering domains.
Predicting preoperative muscle invasion status for bladder cancer using computed tomography-based radiomics nomogram
Authors: Zhang Rui , Jia Shijun , Zhai Linhan , Wu Feng , Zhang Shuang , Li Feng
Published: November 2023

Objectives
The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of the established computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics nomogram combined with radiomics and clinical features for predicting muscle invasion status in bladder cancer (BCa).
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from patients who underwent CT urography at our institution between May 2018 and April 2023 with uroepithelial carcinoma of the bladder confirmed by postoperative histology. There were 196 patients enrolled in all, and each was randomized at random to either the training cohort (n = 137) or the test cohort (n = 59). 851 radiomics features in all were retrieved. For feature selection, the significance test and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) approaches were utilized. Subsequently, the radiomics score (Radscore) was obtained by applying linear weighting based on the selected features. The clinical and radiomics model, as well as radiomics-clinical nomogram were all established using logistic regression. Three models were evaluated using analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve. An area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as well as specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were included in the analysis. Radiomics-clinical nomogram's performance was assessed based on discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility.
Results
After obtaining 851 radiomics features, 12 features were ultimately selected. Histopathological grading and tortuous blood vessels were included in the clinical model. The Radscore and clinical histopathology grading were among the final predictors in the unique nomogram. The three models had an AUC of 0.811 (95% CI, 0.742–0.880), 0.845 (95% CI, 0.781–0.908), and 0.896 (95% CI, 0.846–0.947) in the training cohort and in the test cohort they were 0.808 (95% CI, 0.703–0.913), 0.847 (95% CI, 0.739–0.954), and 0.887 (95% CI, 0.803–0.971). According to the DeLong test, the radiomics-clinical nomogram's AUC in the training cohort substantially differed from that of the clinical model (AUC: 0.896 versus 0.845, p = 0.015) and the radiomics model (AUC: 0.896 versus 0.811, p = 0.002). The Delong test in the test cohort revealed no significant difference among the three models. The nomogram proved clinically useful, according to decision curve evaluations.
Conclusions
BCa muscle invasion status could be accurately predicted preoperatively by the radiomics-clinical nomogram.
Soil Fertility Management Practices among Smallholder Cereals Producing Farmers in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Ummul-Kulthum , Nazifi Buhari , Saba Mohammed
Published: November 2023

Scientific methodologies have been employed to assess soil fertility in Nigeria and other African nations. Nevertheless, there are discrepancies between the scientific procedures employed and the farmers' perceptions regarding soil fertility. This study examined the soil fertility management strategies employed by smallholder farmers engaged in grain production in the Dutsin-Ma Local Government area of Katsina State, Nigeria. The data was obtained by a random sampling method, consisting of 120 cereal producers. This dataset was then subjected to analysis using both descriptive statistics and a logit regression model. The results of the study indicate that a significant majority (91%) of farmers who are married possess land, with a substantial proportion (78.3%) acquiring it mostly through inheritance. The findings indicate that a significant proportion (77.5%) of farmers surveyed do not possess membership in cooperative groups, while a relatively small percentage (15.8%) have established contact with extension personnel. The findings additionally demonstrate that the mean age of farmers is 48 years, and the average farm size is 3 hectares. Furthermore, most of the farmers, approximately 52%, possess formal education. The findings indicate that a limited proportion (37.5%) of farmers possess knowledge regarding soil fertility, primarily relying on observations related to soil color and texture. The research region revealed that most farmers employed crop rotation, fallow farming, and manuring as management strategies to mitigate the reduction in soil fertility. The statistical analysis reveals that the level of education (p < 0.01), farming experience (p < 0.1), and Government source of input (p < 0.1) are important variables that have an impact on farmers' understanding of soil fertility within the research region. Farmers were identified as facing various challenges, including soil degradation, limited financial resources, drought and flooding, and the high cost of fertilizer for soil management. There is a necessity to offer novel approaches for educating farmers about soil fertility and its associated management techniques within the designated study region.
A Peptide Encoded by Long Non-coding RNA NEAT1 Suppresses Cancer Growth through Interfering RAF-HSP90β Complex Stability
Authors: Dong Zigang , Chen xiao-jie , Li Jian , Laster Kyle , Zhang Hengchao , Huang Yin , Liu Fangfang , Zhou Liting , Liu Kangdong , Huang Chuntian
Published: November 2023

NEAT1, a highly abundant non-coding RNA, is essential for regulating paraspeckle formation. Studies investigating NEAT1 function have focused primarily on transcript level interactions. Here, we investigate NEAT1 translatomes using esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines to detect new translational events and identify their contribution to cancer phenotype. We identified three previously unreported microproteins and confirmed their endogenous expression by parallel reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry. We found that ENSEP3, a conserved 9-aa peptide, suppresses ESCC growth. ESCC tissues exhibit lower levels of ENSEP3 expression than normal tissues. ENSEP3 binds to HSP90β and disrupts the formation of RAF-HSP90β multi-molecular complexes. Sustained disruption of the RAF-HSP90β complex resulted in reduced RAF expression and MAPK-pathway inhibition. The results of in vivo murine studies showed that application of synthetic ENSEP3 peptides to patient derived tumor tissues suppressed ESCC growth by specifically inhibiting the activation of MAPK pathways. ENSEP3 is the first functional endogenous microprotein with a full-length of less than ten amino acids. This suggests that even microproteins encoded by sORF frames smaller than 30 bp could potentially possess significant regulatory functions in cellular processes.
Osteoking Promotes Bone Formation and Bone Defect Repair through ZBP1-STAT1-PKR-MLKL-mediated Necroptosis
Authors: Suya Zhang , Liu Yudong , Ma Zhaochen , Gao Shuangrong , Chen Lin , Zhong Honggang , Zhang Chu , Li Tao , Chen Weiheng , Zhang Yanqiong , Lin Na
Published: November 2023

Background: Osteoking has been used for fracture therapy with a satisfying clinical efficacy. However, its therapeutic properties and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.
Method: A bone defect rat model was established to evaluate the pharmacological effects of Osteoking by the dynamic observation of X-ray, micro-CT and histopathologic examination. Transcriptome profiling was performed to identify bone defect-related genes and Osteoking effective targets. Then, a "disease-related gene-drug target" interaction network was constructed and a list of key network targets were screened, which were experimentally verified.
Results: Osteoking effectively promoted bone defect repair in rats by accelerating the repair of cortical bone and the growth of trabeculae. Histopathologically, the bone defect rats displayed lower histopathologic scores in cortical bone, cancellous bone and bone connection than normal controls, and Osteoking exerted a favorable effect with a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.001). The abnormal serum levels of bone turnover markers, bone growth factors and bone metabolism-related biochemical indexes in bone defect rats were also reversed by Osteoking treatment. Following the transcriptome-based network investigation, we hypothesized that osteoking might attenuate the levels of ZBP1-STAT1-PKR-MLKL-mediated necroptosis involved into bone defect. Experimentally, the expression levels of ZBP1, STAT1, PKR and the hallmark inflammatory cytokines for the end of necroptosis were distinctly elevated in bone defect rats, but were all effectively reversed by Osteoking treatment, which were also suppressed the activities of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL in bone tissue supernatants.
Conclusions: Osteoking may promote bone formation and bone defect repair by regulating ZBP1-STAT1-PKR axis, leading to inhibit RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL activation-mediated necroptosis.
Reactivation of Herpetic Keratitis by Mixing and Matching Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in Taiwan: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Chang Yin-Hsi , Hung Kuo-Hsuan , Su Chen-Ying , Hsiung Chun , Liu Yu-Ting , Yeh Lung-Kun
Published: November 2023

Background
As an increasing population has received different kinds of COVID-19 vaccines, many ocular adverse events have been reported. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between COVID-19 vaccines and the activation of herpetic keratitis.
Methods
Patients presented with any type of herpetic keratitis after mixing and matching COVID-19 vaccinations was enrolled. A descriptive analysis of the demographics, clinical history and ocular presentation in these patients was performed.
Results
A total of 16 patients including 6 (37.5%) males and 10 (62.5%) females receiving COVID-19 vaccines between 2021 to 2022 were included. The mean age at evaluation was 59.4 ± 15.4 years. Of the 16 patients, 9 (56.3%), 2 (12.5%), 5 (31.3%) of them presented with stromal keratitis, epithelial keratitis and herpes zoster ophthalmicus respectively. Among 8 recurrent cases, the COVID-19 vaccine-related attacks presented severer in 1 (12.5%) patient, equally severe in 2 (25%) patients, and less severe in 5 (62.5%) patients compared to previous infection. Interestingly, 6 (37.5%) patients developed an initial symptomatic herpetic keratitis attack after mixing and matching (COVID-19) vaccination. All of them received oral famciclovir with or without topical steroid eyedrops soon after diagnosis. The majority of them reported no further complication.
Conclusions
In conclusion, this study demonstrated a possible association between COVID-19 vaccination and primary herpetic infection or reactivation. Early diagnosis and appropriate management help reduce the severity of the disease.
Enhancing Emergency Medicine Education: Integrating the Mini-CEX with BOPPPS Teaching Model
Authors: Liu Yukun , Li Zhanfei , Tang Manli , Wang Yuchang
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the combined application effects of the Mini-CEX assessment tool and the BOPPPS teaching model in emergency medicine education.
Methods: Fifty-eight interns participating in emergency surgery rotations at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, between October and December 2022, were selected as the study participants. They were randomly divided into a control group (traditional teaching methods) and an observation group (combining the Mini-CEX assessment tool with the BOPPPS teaching model). Assessments were conducted on theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and communication abilities among both groups of students. Additionally, satisfaction surveys were administered, followed by statistical analysis of the results.
Results: Significant improvements were observed in the assessment scores of both groups post-teaching compared to pre-teaching evaluations. Moreover, the combined teaching practices integrating the Mini-CEX and BOPPPS models significantly enhanced students' grasp of knowledge and application of skills in emergency medicine compared to traditional teaching methods.
Conclusion: The findings of this study underscore the potential value of integrating the Mini-CEX assessment tool with the BOPPPS teaching model in emergency medicine education. This not only offers a novel perspective for teaching practices but also provides insights for future teaching methodologies in the field of medical education.
Analysis of 25 Surgical Cases of Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Thymic Carcinoma
Authors: Midorikawa Kensuke , Miyahara So , Nishino Nanako , Ueda Yuichirou , Waseda Ryuichi , Shiraishi Takeshi , Sato Toshihiko
Published: November 2023

Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent surgical resection for thymic neuroendocrine tumors (TNET) or thymic carcinoma.
Methods
In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of our surgical patients at Fukuoka University Hospital from January 1995 to December 2018.
Results
There were nine cases of TNET and 16 cases of thymic carcinoma. Regarding the pathological type, the TNET group included three atypical carcinoid cases, two large cell neuroendocrine tumor cases, two small cell carcinoma cases, and two other cases. The thymic carcinoma group included 15 squamous carcinoma cases and one case of adenosquamous carcinoma. Based on the Masaoka-Koga staging system, six TNET cases and 11 thymic carcinoma cases were stage III or IV. The complete resection rate was 77% in the TNET group and 81% in the thymic carcinoma group. Additional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy was performed in five cases of TNET and 11 cases of thymic carcinoma. The five-year survival rate and five-year disease-free survival rate were 87.5% and 75.0% in the TNET group and 58.9% and 57.1% in the thymic carcinoma group, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.248 and P = 0.894, respectively). In the univariate analysis, complete resection was a statistically significant prognostic factor (P = 0.017).
Conclusion
In this study, no difference in prognosis was observed between TNET and thymic carcinomas. To understand the characteristics of these tumors, further case accumulation and multicenter clinical studies are needed. (243words)
iGenSig-Rx: an integral genomic signature based white-box tool for modeling cancer therapeutic responses using multi-omics data
Authors: Lee Sanghoon , Sun Min , Hu Yiheng , Wang Yue , Islam Md N. , Goerlitz David , Lucas Peter C. , Lee Adrian V. , Swain Sandra M. , Tang Gong , Wang Xiao-Song
Published: November 2023

Multi-omics sequencing is expected to become clinically routine within the next decade and transform clinical care. However, there is a paucity of viable and interpretable genome-wide modeling methods that can facilitate rational selection of patients for tailored intervention. Here we develop an integral genomic signature-based method called iGenSig-Rx as a white-box tool for modeling therapeutic response based on clinical trial datasets with improved cross-dataset applicability and tolerance to sequencing bias. This method leverages high-dimensional redundant genomic features to address the challenges of cross-dataset modeling, a concept similar to the use of redundant steel rods to reinforce the pillars of a building. Using genomic datasets for HER2 targeted therapies, the iGenSig-Rx model demonstrates stable predictive power across four independent clinical trials. More importantly, the iGenSig-Rx model offers the level of transparency much needed for clinical application, allowing for clear explanations as to how the predictions are produced, how the features contribute to the prediction, and what are the key underlying pathways. We expect that iGenSig-Rx as a class of biologically interpretable multi-omics modeling methods will have broad applications in big-data based precision oncology. The R package is available: https://github.com/wangxlab/iGenSig-Rx. NOTE: the Github website will be released upon publication and the R package is available for review through google drive: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1KgecmUoon9-h2Dg1rPCyEGFPOp28Ols3?usp=sharing
Selecting CMIP6 models to assess the impact of climate change on energy demand over Europe
Authors: FILAHI Hajar , Omrani Hiba , Drobinski philippe , Claudel Sandra , Oueslati Boutheina
Published: November 2023

The CMIP project has reached the end of its sixth phase, with a large set of simulations: 30 research entities, 40 different climate models, and 8 socio-economic scenarios. All the simulations represent a very large volume of data amounting to more than 30 Petabytes. The exploitation of all the simulations in impact studies would be extremely costly in computing time and storage. Moreover, these models suffer from several sources of uncertainties (coarse spatial resolution, physical parameterizations, ...) which produce large systematic biases when they are compared to observations. This study details an approach developed for the selection of a subset of simulations from the CMIP6 multi-model ensemble to assess the impact of climate change on the energy demand in Europe. At a climatic time scale, besides socio-economic factors, energy demand variability and evolution depend mainly on air temperature (and to a lesser extent, wind speed, and humidity). The developed process of selection combines two main criteria applied to the daily mean, maximum, and minimum air temperature from all CMIP6 simulations where these variables are available. The first one consists of choosing a subset of models that represents the whole range of possible temperature changes in the future compared to the historical climate. The second criterion considers the skills of the CMIP6 historical simulations over Europe with respect to ERA5 climatology in order to discard the climate simulations with the poorest representation of the present climate. The methodology of selection allows to maximization of the diversity of climate projections among the best-performing models.
Research on the influencing factors of childbearing intention based on HLM model
Authors: Hong Zhenjia , Wu Chengzhuo
Published: November 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Atmospheric patterns associated with sub-daily rainfall extremes in western Europe
Authors: Whitford Anna Caroline , Blenkinsop Stephen , Fowler Hayley J.
Published: November 2023

Large-scale atmospheric conditions are a significant driver of rainfall extremes. However, little attention so far has been devoted to understanding how large-scale circulation patterns influence sub-daily rainfall extremes. Using a gauge-based sub-daily rainfall dataset, we investigate the relationship between large-scale circulation and 3-hour extremes for western Europe. A set of 30 weather patterns (WPs) developed by the UK Met Office and reanalysis data of geopotential height at 500hPa (z500) are used to represent large-scale atmospheric conditions. Strong associations with 3hr extremes are found for a small number of WPs: over 50% of 3hr rainfall extremes across Western Europe occur with just 5 WPs. Composites of z500 reveal the WPs resulting in southerly or south-westerly flow along the leading edge of a trough, accompanied by a ridge to the east or northeast, are most favourable for sub-daily rainfall extremes, with a statistically-significant difference between the atmospheric conditions on WP + sub-daily rainfall extreme event days compared to WP non-event days. Given that large-scale circulations are predictable much further in advance than individual extreme rainfall events, these identified relationships could therefore have important implications for forecasting, aiding in the early identification of periods with increased risk of short-duration rainfall extremes.
Acute Kidney Injury In Pediatric Burn Patients
Authors: KAHRAMANLAR Demet , OZLU Sare Gülfem , DEMİR Pervin , ERTEN Elif Emel , ŞENEL Emrah , BAYRAKÇI Umut Selda
Published: November 2023

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and important complication of burn injury. Although there are numerous adult studies data regarding AKI in pediatric burn patients is scarce. In this study we aimed to evaluate the frequency, clinical features and prognosis of AKI among pediatric burn injury patients.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients aged between 1 month and 18 years followed in pediatric burn intensive care unit between years 2011 and 2017 were included in the study.Patients with known kidney disease were not included. Demographic data, laboratory and clinical variables, management strategies and prognosis were obtained from the hospital records of the patients. Factors associated with AKI were determined by logistic regression analysis.
Results: A total of 697 patients had been followed up and among them 87 (12.5%) had acute kidney injury. Older age, being a refugee, prolonged duration between the incident and time of hospitalization, presence of sepsis and severity and type of burn, the amount of fluid administered, being intubated, accompanying organ failure were all related with the development of AKI. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis the most important contributors of AKI were older age and increased serum hemoglobin values.
Conclusion: As observed in adults AKI is also an important and common complication of burn injury among pediatric burn patients. Early recognition and prompt and appropriate management is crucial to avoid morbidity and mortality.