bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrogen-induced inhibition of spermatogenesis in zebrafish is largely reversed by androgen
Authors: de Castro Assis Luiz Henrique , de Nóbrega Rafael Henrique , Gómez-González Nuria Esther , Bogerd Jan , Schulz Rüdiger Winfried
Published: February 2018

The hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis involves both gonadotropins and steroid hormones. Long-termin vivoexposure of adult zebrafish to estrogen impaired spermatogenesis associated with an androgen insufficiency, possibly induced by inhibiting gonadotropin release. Using this experimental model, we investigated if androgen treatment could enhance spermatogenesis, while maintaining the inhibition of gonadotropin release through continued estrogen exposure. Moreover, we also exposed animals to androgen alone, in order to examine androgen effects in the absence of estrogen-induced gonadotropin inhibition. Estrogen exposure depleted type B spermatogonia, meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells from the adult testis, but promoted the proliferation of type A undifferentiated spermatogonia, which accumulated in the testis. This change in germ cell composition was accompanied by reduced mRNA levels of those growth factors (e.g.insl3andigf3) expressed by testicular somatic cells and known to stimulate spermatogonial differentiation in zebrafish. Additional androgen (11-ketoandrostenedione, which is converted to 11-ketotestosterone) treatmentin vivoreversed most of the effects of estrogen exposure on spermatogenesis whileinsl3andigf3transcript levels remained suppressed. When androgen treatment was given alone, it promoted the production of haploid cells at the expense of spermatogonia, and increased transcript levels of some growth factor and hormone receptor genes, but not those ofinsl3origf3. We conclude that estrogen exposure efficiently inhibits spermatogenesis because it induces androgen insufficiency and suppresses gonadotropin-regulated growth factors known to stimulate germ cell differentiation. Moreover, our results suggest that androgens and the growth factors Insl3 and Igf3 stimulate spermatogenesis via independent pathways.
“Usted no está completo si no tiene casa propia”: El acceso a la vivienda en el Área Metropolitana de San José: Clases medias, urbanizaciones, residenciales y condominios (1950-2011).
Authors: Blanco Ramos Roberto Antonio , Porras Ramírez Jefferson Eduardo
Published: February 2018

El siguiente artículo analiza el proceso histórico del acceso a la vivienda en el en el Área Metropolitana de San José, que realizaron los sectores medios y populares, en el periodo de 1950-2011. Se parte de la hipótesis de que tanto el Estado como la iniciativa privada (inmobiliarias) incidieron en la formación de segregación socio espacial, al proyectar diversos planes habitacionales. El estudio inicia desde el decenio de 1950, debido a que ocurren cambios a nivel urbano y estatal como los siguientes: La creación de un ente que regula los procesos de urbanización (Instituto Nacional de Vivienda y Urbanismo), la formación e intervención de la tugurización y el surgimiento de espacios residenciales para el asentamiento de clases medias. El  análisis finaliza en el año de 2011; debido a que a partir de la década del 2000 surgieron paulatinamente, las llamadas “comunidades cerradas” que reflejan otra lógica de fragmentación socio espacial. Metodológicamente se plantearon dos fases: Una referida a un análisis descriptivo realizado a fuentes primarias. La segunda fase  se  trabajó  desde un enfoque de historia oral, mediante entrevistas semi estructuradas, realizadas a dueños de inmobiliarias, a ingenieros civiles y arquitectos que laboraron en el periodo.
Morir por "alferecía" en la Parroquia de Santiago de Querétaro, México: 1838-1851.
Authors: Espinosa Cortés Luz María , Ruiz Arregui Liliana
Published: February 2018

Es un estudio interdisciplinario en el que participan la Historia y la Salud Pública. Objetivo: Dar cuenta de las discusiones entre los médicos occidentales sobre la "alferecía" (enfermedad convulsiva) y su construcción como expresión diagnóstica de causa de muerte infantil; conocer la distribución y estacionalidad de las causas de muerte de los menores de 5 años, y conocer la distribución y estacionalidad de los decesos por "alferecía" según grupo etario. Metodología: Análisis histórico y estadístico. Resultados. De enero de 1838 a diciembre de 1851 se registraron 5,358 decesos de todas las edades: 2,649 (49.3 por ciento) correspondieron al grupo de 0 a 5 años de edad. Se encontró que la disentería fue la primera causa de muerte en niños de 1 a 5 años; y la "alferecía" en menores de un mes. En este segundo grupo el 81 por ciento murió por "alferecía" durante las dos primeras semanas de vida. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de decesos de menores de un mes por "alferecía" coincidió con el periodo de incubación de la bacteria Clostridium tetani que es de 3 a 28 días, es probable que se debieran al tétanos neonatal o "mal de los siete días".Palabras clave: mortalidad neonatal, enfoque interdisciplinario, afección neurológica, edad por grupo, búsqueda documental en línea, saberes locales
Las condiciones laborales de las comunidades indígenas del nororiente Neogranadino, siglo XVII
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: February 2018

Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar los abusos en las condiciones de trabajo impuestas a las comunidades indígenas del nororiente del Nuevo Reino de Granada durante el siglo XVII. La asignación de trabajos fuertes, la continua extracción de sus pueblos ancestrales, la constante presión ejercida por vecinos y encomenderos y la conmutación de trabajo a cambio de ser eximido del pago del tributo, fueron factores que ocasionaron una extenuante carga laboral a través del sistema de encomienda, la mita y el concertaje. Así entonces, la Corona española se vio en dificultades para conciliar su afán por extraer las mayores riquezas de sus colonias, la necesidad del indio de producir al máximo su tierra y la constante presión de blancos y mestizos urgidos de mano de obra. A fin de cuentas, estos excesos influyeron en la merma demográfica de las comunidades indígenas y en el progresivo deterioro de sus condiciones sociales y económicas pero, por otro, lado incentivó el mestizaje.
Reseña y comentario de: Iván Molina Jiménez. Príncipes de las Remotidades. Carlos Luis Fallas y los escritores proletarios costarricenses del siglo XX. San José: Editorial de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia, 2016.
Authors: Díaz Arias David
Published: February 2018

La producción del historiador Iván Molina sobre Carlos Luis Fallas anterior a este libro, se caracteriza por inspeccionar dos vertientes: una que explora a Fallas como actor histórico y otra que rescata y difunde la producción de Fallas que se publicó y permaneció en hojas de semanarios impresos entre las décadas de 1930 y 1960, o que estuvo inédita por diversas razones.
Utilization of Fermentation Technology for Processing Waste to be Composted and Biourine
Authors: Arnawa I Ketut , Udiyana Bagus Putu , Widnyana I Ketut , Sukerta Dan I Made
Published: February 2018

The main objectives of technology dissemination on Bhuana Sari group of pigs are (1) to overcome environmental contamination of the impacts of waste generated by the pig farming group, (2) to utilize pig feces and urine for compost and biourine. The methods used are counseling, training and mentoring. The results show that there is an increase in the knowledge of farmers on the production of cages that meet the requirements for sanitary healthcare and to prevent environmental pollution, tofu category increases by 10% from 30% to 40%, enough know categories increases by 20% from 45% to 65% do not know decrease from 25% to 0%. Nearly 90% of farmers have been well-informed of cattle manure processing techniques for organic fertilizers, and farmers have successfully made compost from pig manure (fesces). Almost 90% of farmers are well aware of the techniques of cattle manure (urine) for organic fertilizer (Biourine). And breeders have managed to make a biourine from urine pigs. Farmers have applied compost and biourine to fertilize banana and cocoa plantation crops.
The Significance of Recruitment and Selection on Organizational Performance: The Case of Private owned Organizations in Erbil, North of Iraq
Authors: Harky Yashar Fadhil Mohammed
Published: February 2018

Recruitment and selection, general seen as a human resource management function, plays a great role in impacting critically on the performance of an organization in terms of achieving its ultimate goal (Costello, 2006). The purpose of this study is to have an understanding of employee recruitment and selection practices and also the organization performance in some private sectors companies in Erbil (North of Iraq). The selected companies that were used to represent the other companies include; two telecommunication companies; Korek and Asiacell Telekom and Darin Group Company. The aim of this research study was to measures the level of effectiveness and efficiency of the recruitment and selection process and organizational performance. This is because the research wants to investigate if the recruitment and selection process is adequate to increase organizational performance of the private sector in Erbil in best possible manner without waste of valuable time and effort. The study also reviews literature on recruitment and selection and equally organizational performance. A total of 363 employees shared their opinions in questionnaires; the data obtained from the survey was analyzed with the use of SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences).
Determination Loyalty Based on Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Trust at Pt. Bpr Bukit Tanjung Badung
Authors: Mahardika I Made Ngurah Oka , SE., MM Dr. I Nengah Suardhika, , SE., MM Dr. I Nengah Landra,
Published: February 2018

Every company must have a competitive advantage to win the market. Important factor to be considered by business actor is consumer satisfaction. Consumer satisfaction must be a guideline to guide the entire organization in order to be able to meet customer satisfaction in order to become a sustainable competitive advantage. Satisfied customers will be willing to recommend to others to take advantage of BPR facilities.

The purpose of this study is to test and confirm the relationship between service quality, satisfaction, trust and loyalty, in the financial services company PT. BPR Bukit Tanjung Badung. Respondents in this research are the condition of routine transactions at least 2 times and has a minimum balance of Rp.500.000,-. The number of respondents in this study determined 93 respondents by using sampling technique called proportional random sampling. This research uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with SMARTPLS 3 program.

The results of this study indicate that: 1) Service quality has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction, 2) Service quality has a positive and significant impact on customer confidence, 3) Service quality has positive but insignificant effect on customer loyalty, 4) satisfaction has positive and significant on customer loyalty, 5) satisfaction has a positive and significant impact on customer trust, 6) trust positively and significantly influence on customer loyalty.
The elimination of the Tibolddaróc cave dwellings; non-Gypsies in the CS housing program
Authors: Hajnáczky Tamás
Published: February 2018

This paper presents the case of the elimination of cave houses in Tibolddaróc in the socialist era with the help of the affordable housing program implemented by the 2/1965 ÉMPM regulation. The housing program aimed to eliminate poor living condition in slums where Gypsy* and non-Gypsy people lived. Contrary to popular belief, 30% of the people living in the settlements “not complying with social requirements” were non-Gypsies, according to the settlement survey of 1964. Most surveyed non-Gypsy dwellers lived in cave houses, barracks, miner colonies or family houses. To provide a comparison, the author found it important to investigate the case of cave-dwellings in Tibolddaróc, where a well-definable group of non- Gypsies were accepted into the affordable housing program. In addition to demonstrating the elimination process in the locality, the author describes the discrepancies in the execution of the affordable housing program as compared to the original plan aimed at the Gypsy population. Furthermore, the paper reflects on the role of the socialist regime and its responsibility in the favorable or detrimental outcome of the elimination program.
A hepatitis B- és D-vírus-fertőzés diagnosztikája, antivirális kezelése. Magyar konszenzusajánlás. Érvényes: 2017. szeptember 22-től
Authors: Horváth Gábor , Gerlei Zsuzsanna , Gervain Judit , Lengyel Gabriella , Makara Mihály , Pár Alajos , Rókusz László , Szalay Ferenc , Tornai István , Werling Klára , Hunyady Béla
Published: February 2018

Diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus infection mean for the patient to be able to maintain working capacity, to increase quality of life, to prevent cancer, and to prolong life expectancy, while the society benefits from eliminating the chances of further transmission of the viruses, and decreasing the overall costs of serious complications. The guideline delineates the treatment algorithms from 22 September 2017 set by a consensus meeting of physicians involved in the treatment of these diseases. The prevalence of HBV infection in the Hungarian general population is 0,5–0,7%. The indications of treatment are based upon viral examinations (including viral nucleic acid determination), determinations of disease activity and stage (including biochemical, pathologic, and/or non-invasive methods), and excluding contraindications. To avoid unnecessary side effects and for a cost-effective approach, the guideline stresses the importance of quick and detailed virologic evaluations, the applicability of transient elastography as an acceptable alternative of liver biopsy in this regard as well as the relevance of appropriate consistent follow-up schedule for viral response during therapy. The first choice of therapy in chronic HBV infection can be pegylated interferon for 48 weeks or continuous entecavir or tenofovir therapy. The latter two must be continued for at least 12 months after hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion. Lamivudine is no longer the first choice; patients currently taking lamivudine must switch if the response is inadequate. Appropriate treatment of patients taking immunosuppressive medications is highly recommended. Pegylated interferon based therapy is recommended for the treatment of concomitant hepatitis D infection. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(Suppl 1): 24–37.
A new motor screening assessment for children at risk for motor disorders: construct validity
Authors: Okuda Paola Matiko Martins , Pangelinan Melissa , Chiorri Carlo , Capellini Simone Aparecida , Cogo-Moreira Hugo
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a motor screening assessment and provide preliminary evidence of its psychometric properties. Methods: A sample of 365 elementary school students was assessed, with structural equation modeling applied to obtain evidence of the adequacy of the factor structure of the motor screening assessment. As well, differential item functioning was used to evaluate whether various identifiable subgroups of children (i.e., sex and grade) perform particular tasks differently. Results: Overall, girls obtained higher scores than boys while, for both sexes, the assessment scores increased with age. Furthermore, differential item function analysis revealed that the precision of the test was highest for those with moderate to low motor performance, suggesting that this tool would be appropriate for identifying individuals with movement difficulties. Conclusion: Although further tests of its psychometric properties are required, the motor screening assessment appears to be a reliable, valid, and quickly-administered tool for screening children's movements.
Driving and visual deficits in stroke patients
Authors: Braga Marina Marcondes , Nickel Renato , Lange Marcos , Piovesan Élcio Juliato
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to conduct an exploratory assessment of visual impairment following stroke, and to discuss the possibilities of reintroducing patients to the activity of driving. Methods: The Useful Field of View test was used to assess visual processing and visual attention. Results: A total of 18 patients were included in the study, and were assigned to either the drive group (n = 9) or the intention group (n = 9). In the drive group, one patient was categorized as moderate-to-high risk; whereas, in the intention group, one patient was categorized as low-to-moderate risk. Additionally, two patients in the intention group were categorized as high risk. The patients did not perceive their visual deficits as a limitation. Conclusion: Visual attention is an interference factor in terms of the safe performance of driving after a stroke. All patients showed a high level of interest for the independence provided through being able to drive.
Augusta Marie Déjerine-Klumpke: much more than just Déjerine's wife
Authors: Nogueira Eduardo de Almeida Guimarães , Carvalho Vitor Martinez de , Queiroz Marcos Vinicius de , Rosa Gleysson Rodrigues , Fragoso Yara Dadalti
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Augusta Marie Déjerine-Klumpke (1859-1927) was a formidable neurologist, neuroanatomist and researcher in France. One of the first women to be accepted for medical internship, externship and research in Paris, Augusta made her name studying and teaching anatomy, histology and dissection, attending clinical activities in neurology, obstetrics, pediatrics and neurologic trauma, performing necropsies, and writing scientific papers and book chapters. Her main research in neurology awarded her an eponym for the avulsion of the lowest root of the brachial plexus (Klumpke's palsy). Married to her professor, the remarkable Dr. Joseph Jules Déjerine, Augusta continued her career and became the first female president of the French Society of Neurology.
Relationship between visuospatial episodic memory, processing speed and executive function: are they stable over a lifespan?
Authors: Dias Bruna Fulgêncio , Rezende Letícia Oliveira , Malloy-Diniz Leandro Fernandes , Paula Jonas Jardim de
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT The present study evaluated the association between episodic memory, executive function and processing speed in a sample with different age ranges. We tested the hypothesis that processing speed, executive function and memory are more strongly associated during childhood and old age. We evaluated 571 participants, aged six to 92 years, divided into four age groups: children/adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults and older adults. Correlation analyses suggested that the shared variance between the processing speed and memory is strong in childhood but weak across other age ranges. Executive function, however, had a stronger association both in childhood and in old age, when compared with the intermediate stages. We conclude that the effects of processing speed and executive function on memory are not stable across human development. These functions may be compensatory mechanisms for memory functioning in childhood and old age.
Stendhal syndrome: a clinical and historical overview
Authors: Palacios-Sánchez Leonardo , Botero-Meneses Juan Sebastián , Pachón Rocío Plazas , Hernández Laura Bibiana Pineros , Triana-Melo Juanita del Pilar , Ramírez-Rodríguez Santiago
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT It could be argued that one of the few unifying qualities all human beings share is the ability to appreciate beauty. While the object of beauty may change from one person to another, the awe and the thrill experienced by an enthralled beholder remains the same. Sometimes, this experience can be so overwhelming it can bring someone to the edge of existence. A very rare condition, known as aesthetic syndrome and, more commonly, Stendhal syndrome, entails a clinical phenomenon in which the presence of a beautiful piece of work or architecture causes dysautonomic symptoms such as tachycardia, diaphoresis, chest pains and loss of consciousness. We present an historical and clinical review of this condition.
Effect of virtual reality in Parkinson's disease: a prospective observational study
Authors: Severiano Maria Izabel Rodrigues , Zeigelboim Bianca Simone , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , Santos Geslaine Janaína Barbosa , Fonseca Vinícius Ribas
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the effectiveness of balance exercises by means of virtual reality games in Parkinson's disease. Methods: Sixteen patients were submitted to anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological and vestibular examinations, as well as the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Berg Balance Scale, SF-36 questionnaire, and the SRT, applied before and after rehabilitation with virtual reality games. Results: Final scoring for the Dizziness Handicap Inventory and Berg Balance Scale was better after rehabilitation. The SRT showed a significant result after rehabilitation. The SF-36 showed a significant change in the functional capacity for the Tightrope Walk and Ski Slalom virtual reality games (p < 0.05), as well as in the mental health aspect of the Ski Slalom game (p < 0.05). The Dizziness Handicap Inventory and Berg Balance Scale showed significant changes in the Ski Slalom game (p < 0.05). There was evidence of clinical improvement in patients in the final assessment after virtual rehabilitation. Conclusion: The Tightrope Walk and Ski Slalom virtual games were shown to be the most effective for this population.
Traumatic brain injury pharmacological treatment: recommendations
Authors: Anghinah Renato , Amorim Robson Luís Oliveira de , Paiva Wellingson Silva , Schmidt Magali Taino , Ianof Jéssica Natuline
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT This article presents the recommendations on the pharmacological treatment employed in traumatic brain injury (TBI) at the outpatient clinic of the Cognitive Rehabilitation after TBI Service of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. A systematic assessment of the consensus reached in other countries, and of articles on TBI available in the PUBMED and LILACS medical databases, was carried out. We offer recommendations of pharmacological treatments in patients after TBI with different symptoms.
Judiciário e Política no Brasil Contemporâneo: Um Retrato do Supremo Tribunal Federal a partir da Cobertura do Jornal Folha de S. Paulo
Authors: Oliveira Fabiana Luci de
Published: February 2018

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo é discutir a visibilidade do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), qualificando-a a partir da cobertura da grande imprensa. Buscamos descrever como o jornal Folha de S. Paulo (FSP) retratou a atuação do Supremo no período de 1999-2014, enfocando o tipo de cobertura predominante (política ou jurídica), os temas de maior recorrência no enquadramento da instituição, e os fatores que determinam a cobertura. Verificamos em que medida essa cobertura acompanha as ações efetivas do tribunal, examinando quais decisões viraram notícia. Para isso, trabalhamos com a análise de conteúdo de 6.271 notícias. A partir desses dados problematizamos a construção da imagem pública do tribunal e a forma pela qual a mídia vem posicionando a instituição no sistema político brasileiro. Concluímos que a FSP construiu uma imagem eminentemente política do STF, com sua cobertura exacerbando a personalização da instituição, o perfil individual dos seus ministros, e enfatizando excessivamente os casos de judicialização anticorrupção.
Classes Médias no Brasil: Do que se Trata? Qual seu Tamanho? Como Vem Mudando?
Authors: Cardoso Adalberto , Préteceille Edmond
Published: February 2018

RESUMO O artigo procura responder à seguinte questão: até que ponto a melhoria nas condições de vida no país entre 2002 e 2014 resultou de mudanças na estrutura de posições de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras na divisão social do trabalho, a ponto de podermos sustentar que o Brasil tornou-se um país de classe média? Para isso, discute-se a literatura internacional e nacional sobre classes médias, incluindo o debate sobre a “nova classe média”; apresenta-se inovadora alternativa sociológica de construção da estrutura de classes no Brasil a partir da Classificação Socioprofissional francesa; mostra-se empiricamente a evolução dessa estrutura; e conclui-se que as classes médias cresceram significativamente no período, mas o país está muito longe de ser “um país de classe média”.
Resistance to Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus in in vitro germinated genotypes of Passiflora setacea
Authors: SACOMAN NAYARA NIELE , VIANA ALEXANDRE PIO , CARVALHO VIRGINIA SILVA , SANTOS EILEEN AZEVEDO , RODRIGUES ROSANA
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is a fruit species of great relevance for Brazilian economy. However, it is highly susceptible to the Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV). The species P.setacea, on the other hand, is resistant to the disease. The present study aimed to identify CABMV-resistant P. setacea genotypes for the introgression of genes into sour passion fruit genetic breeding programs. The seeds of passion fruit genotypes were germinated in vitro in MS culture medium. The seedlings were acclimatized in a growth chamber at the temperature of 27 ± 2ºC, photoperiod of 16:8 hours and 80% of relative humidity. Thirty plants of each genotype were mechanically inoculated with extract prepared from leaves collected from passion fruit plants with symptoms of CABMV for the assessment of resistance to CABMV. The severity of leaf symptoms was evaluated by means of a grading scale of visual signs. After the visual evaluation and identification of the asymptomatic genotypes of P. setacea, the PTA-ELISA test was carried out for 30 selected genotypes. According to the visual evaluation, all P. setacea genotypes were highly resistant to CABMV, while the P. edulis genotypes were highly susceptible. Out of the 30 genotypes selected, only PsRJ 4 was considered susceptible by PTA-ELISA. The other genotypes of P. setacea were considered resistant and present great potential for use in passion fruit genetic breeding programs.
Jornada Mundial da Juventude Rio 2013: ressignificando espaços da cidade e identidades religiosas
Authors: Gonzalez Luciana Thais Villa , Mariz Cecília Loreto
Published: February 2018

Resumo Através de observações da Jornada Mundial da Juventude Rio 2013 e entrevistas com anfitriões de “peregrinos”, discute-se como esse ritual religioso-festivo se fez presente no espaço público e nas casas de moradores do Rio de Janeiro impactando a subjetividade de católicos de bairros mais pobres. Por dispersar seus “peregrinos” por toda cidade incluindo regiões marcadas pelo alto percentual de evangélicos, a JMJ proporcionou a seus moradores contato com católicos de outros países despertando a consciência da dimensão dessa igreja e, entre católicos, o orgulho de pertencer a seu “rebanho universal”. Além disso, através de eventos públicos, a JMJ levou esses católicos a vivenciarem áreas nobres e turísticas da cidade que lhes eram antes vistas como afastadas e distantes.
A vida jurídica das igrejas: observações sobre minorias religiosas em quatro países (Argentina, Brasil, México e Uruguai)
Authors: Giumbelli Emerson
Published: February 2018

Resumo Este texto apresenta dados baseados em pesquisa comparativa envolvendo quatro países latino-americanos: Argentina, Brasil, México e Uruguai. O foco recai sobre as formas de constituição jurídica de coletivos religiosos, permitindo a formulação de uma série de questões. Que procedimentos estão envolvidos na obtenção de personalidade jurídica para grupos “religiosos”? A quais instâncias burocráticas devem seus responsáveis se dirigir? Como os aparatos estatais se estruturam para conferir personalidade jurídica e que critérios adotam para reconhecer ou não grupos “religiosos”? Tais questões são desenvolvidas acompanhando-se a situação de minorias religiosas a fim de se compreender características mais gerais do modo como as religiões se organizam nos quatro países. São assim colocadas em relação discussões que versam sobre definições sociais de religião e discussões que incidem sobre configurações de diversidade religiosa.
Popcorn genotypes resistance to fall armyworm
Authors: Oliveira Nádia Cristina de , Suzukawa Andréia Kazumi , Pereira Carolina Bertuzzi , Santos Hayssa Vilela , Hanel Aldo , Albuquerque Fernando Alves de , Scapim Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate popcorn genotypes for resistance to the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. The experiment used a completely randomized design with 30 replicates. The popcorn genotypes Aelton, Arzm 05 083, Beija-Flor, Colombiana, Composto Chico, Composto Gaúcha, Márcia, Mateus, Ufvm Barão Viçosa, Vanin, and Viviane were evaluated,along with the common maize variety Zapalote Chico. Newly hatched fall armyworm larvae were individually assessed with regard to biological development and consumption of food. The data were subjected to multivariate analyses of variance and genetic divergence among genotypes was evaluated through the clustering methods of Tocher based on generalized Mahalanobis distances and canonical variable analyses. Seven popcorn genotypes, namely, Aelton, Arzm 05 083, Composto Chico, Composto Gaúcha, Márcia, Mateus, and Viviane,were shown to form a cluster (cluster I) that had antibiosis as the mechanism of resistance to the pest. Cluster I genotypes and the Zapalote Chico genotype could be used for stacking genes for antibiosis and non-preference resistance.
Cogan's syndrome – A rare aortitis, difficult to diagnose but with therapeutic potential
Authors: Colodetti Raiza , Spina Guilherme , Leal Tatiana , Oliveira Jr Mucio , Soeiro Alexandre
Published: February 2018

Summary The inflammation of aortic wall, named aortitis, is a rare condition that can be caused by a number of pathologies, mainly inflammatory or infectious in nature. In this context, the occurrence of combined audiovestibular and/or ocular manifestations eventually led to the diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome, making it the rare case, but susceptible to adequate immunosuppressive treatment and satisfactory disease control.
Sickle cell retinopathy: A literature review
Authors: Ribeiro Marina Viegas Moura Rezende , Jucá João Vitor de Omena , Alves Anna Luyza Correia dos Santos , Ferreira Caio Victor Oliveira , Barbosa Fabiano Timbó , Ribeiro Êurica Adélia Nogueira
Published: February 2018

Summary Hemoglobinopathies are a group of hereditary diseases that cause quantitative or qualitative changes in the shape, function or synthesis of hemoglobin. One of the most common is sickle cell anemia, which, due to sickling of erythrocytes, causes vaso-occlusive phenomena. Among the possible ocular manifestations, the most representative is retinopathy, which can lead to blindness if left untreated. Therefore, periodic ophthalmologic monitoring of these patients is important for early diagnosis and adequate therapeutic management, which can be done localy by treating the lesions in the eyes, or systemically.
Spatial-temporal variability of leaf chlorophyll and its relationship with cocoa yield
Authors: Medauar Caique C. , Galvão Ícaro M. , Carvalho Luis C. C. , Silva Samuel de A.
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial-temporal variability of leaf chlorophyll index and its relationship with cocoa yield. The experiment was carried out in an experimental area of cocoa production located in Ilhéus, Bahia State, Brazil. Leaf chlorophyll content was measured in September, October, January, February, March and April in the 2014/2015 season, at each sampling point of a regular grid by using a portable chlorophyll meter. Under the same conditions, yield was evaluated and the data were submitted to descriptive statistics and a linear correlation study. Geostatistical analysis was used to determine and quantify the spatial and temporal variability of leaf chlorophyll index and yield. Leaf chlorophyll index varied over the period evaluated, but the months of February, March and April showed no spatial dependence in the study area, indicating absence of temporal stability. Cocoa monthly yield, except in January, presented high spatial variability. Under the conditions of this study, it was not possible to establish a relationship between leaf chlorophyll index and cocoa yield.
Growth and yield of sugarcane irrigated with brackish water and leaching fractions
Authors: Lira Raquele M. de , Silva Ênio F. de F. e , Simões Neto Djalma E. , Santos Júnior José A. , Lima Breno L. de C. , Silva Jucicléia S. da
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the growth and yield of sugarcane irrigated with brackish water and leaching fractions. A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of five irrigation water salinity levels (0.5, 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1) and two leaching fractions (0 and 0.17), corresponding to 100 and 120% of the crop evapotranspiration. The irrigation management was performed daily. Irrigation water salinity levels were obtained by adding NaCl and CaCl2 to the public-supply water, in order to obtain a molar ratio between Na:Ca of 1:1. The following measurements were taken: height and stem diameter; number of tillers; number of leaves and leaf area with monthly frequency between 60 and 300 days after planting (DAP). It was concluded that irrigation water salinity negatively influenced the variables of growth and yield in the sugarcane, and the leaching fraction of 0.17 was capable of reducing the deleterious effects of the salts on the plants.
Artificial intelligence in seeding density optimization and yield simulation for oat
Authors: Dornelles Eldair F. , Kraisig Adriana R. , Silva José A. G. da , Sawicki Sandro , Roos-Frantz Fabricia , Carbonera Roberto
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence may represent an efficient strategy for simulation and optimization of important processes in agriculture. The main goal of the study is to propose the use of artificial intelligence, namely artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, respectively, in the simulation of oat grain yield and optimization of seeding density, considering the main succession systems of southern Brazil. The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replicates, following a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, for seeding densities (100, 300, 600 and 900 seeds m-2) and oat cultivars (Brisasul and URS Taura), in succession systems of corn/oats and soybean/oats. A multi-layered artificial neural network and a genetic algorithm were implemented in Java programming language, and the results obtained from this implementation were compared with traditional polynomial regression. The use of artificial intelligence through neural networks and genetic algorithms allows the efficient simulation of oat grain yield and better optimization of seeding density in comparison to polynomial regression, considering the main succession systems in southern Brazil.
Operational management of the cane infield wagon: Analysis of the cost of repair and maintenance
Authors: Galvão Cezario B. , Garcia Angel P. , Albiero Daneil , Ribeiro Admilson Í. , Banchi Ângelo D.
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT In the mechanical harvesting of sugarcane, a self-propelled harvester is used in conjunction with an agricultural implement named infield wagon, which has the function of storing and transporting the harvested product. Much of the cost of sugarcane production comes from this operation (30 to 60%). Among the operational costs of agricultural machinery, the cost of repair and maintenance (CRM) is relevant. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the parameters of the CRM mathematical model based on the life (hours of use) for the infield wagon, using the method of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE). These CRM models were obtained for two sets of infield wagon from different manufacturers and their costs over up to 12 years. The model was adjusted and then validated using descriptive statistics methods. Fitted CRM equations were different for each analyzed set of infield wagon and, therefore, are a valuable tool in the management of mechanization in sugarcane mills as it provides elements that can support decision-making of managers in the acquisition and management of agricultural implements.
Prevalence of dental trauma in disabled persons seen at the dental clinic for special-needs patients of the Catholic University of Brasília (UCB)
Authors: FRANÇA Kamilla , MIRANDA Alexandre Franco , ALMEIDA Júlio César Franco , COSTA Priscila Paganini , GARCIA Fernanda Cristina Pimentel
Published: February 2018

Abstract Introduction In Brazil, dental trauma (DT) is considered a public health problem. However, few studies in the literature report the prevalence of DT in disabled persons (DP). Objective The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of DT among DP seen at the Dental Clinic for Special-Needs Patients (COPE) of the Catholic University of Brasília. Material and method A retrospective, descriptive study analyzing 73 medical charts of DP seen at the COPE between 2014 and 2016 was conducted. Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected. The t-test was used to check for significant differences between the categories of the variables analyzed. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) was used for all statistical analyses (p < 0.05). Result A DT prevalence of 33/73 (45.2%) was found among DP. The predominant type of fracture was crown fracture (26/33-78.8%). The majority of patients were over 20 years old (63/73 - 86.3%), at a proportion significantly higher than those for the other age categories (p < 0.008). The patients in the sample had a variety of diseases, predominantly in the following categories: mental (22/73- 30.1%), multiple (19/73-26%), and systemic (14/73-19.2%). Conclusion A high prevalence of DT was found in DP, with the majority of cases being related to mental and multiple diseases. Further research is needed to assess the prevalence of DT in this patient group throughout the Federal District.
Oral health indicators in the Interfederative Pacts of the Unified Health System: development in the 1998-2016 period
Authors: FRANÇA Mary Anne de Souza Alves , FREIRE Maria do Carmo Matias , PEREIRA Edsaura Maria , MARCELO Vânia Cristina
Published: February 2018

Abstract Introduction In recent decades, the Ministry of Health has been recommending the use of indicators for the assessment and monitoring of health care. Over the years, it has instituted interfederative pacts dealing with health indicators, including oral health indicators, with the purpose of encouraging health system managers to incorporate the monitoring and assessment of actions in their practice, as well as enabling the follow-up of the performance of services. Objective To analyze the development of oral health indicators propounded in the interfederative pacts of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil between 1998 and 2016. Material and method Documentary research based on government guidelines issued during the analyzed period. The variables studied were the characteristics of publications and indicators (denomination, method of calculation, source and purposes). Result In the period of 1998-2016, oral health indicators were proposed in the pact on primary care indicators (1998-2006), in the Pacts for Health (2007-2011), and in the resolutions of the tripartite intermanagerial committee (2012, 2013 and 2016). Changes were identified over this period, characterized by the inclusion and exclusion of indicators, and by a drastic reduction in the number of indicators, eventually leading to only one retained indicator: “Proportion of tooth extractions in relation to procedures.” Conclusion There were changes in oral health indicators over the analyzed period, characterized by periods of advancement and regression, eventually resulting in a single indicator related to mutilating actions (tooth extractions), effective in 2016.
The impact of the partial replacement of sodium chloride in the development of starter cultures during Italian salami production
Authors: Fieira Claudia , Marchi João Francisco , Marafão Daiana , Alfaro Alexandre da Trindade
Published: February 2018

Abstract Italian salami is a cured meat with high sodium contents which is easy, fast and convenient to consume. Starter cultures are used to improve its sensory characteristics and refine its technological manufacturing process. The goal of this study was to reduce the sodium content in Italian salami through the partial replacement of sodium chloride by potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride, and evaluate the viability of the Lactobacillus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. cells found in the starter culture. Four formulations were elaborated: one with, and one without the starter culture, but both with the addition of sodium chloride; and two with the partial replacement of 60% of the sodium chloride: the first with KCl, and the other with a mixture of KCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2. Physicochemical and microbiological evaluations were carried out to monitor the ripening and the quality of the final product. The partial replacement of NaCl by other salts (MgCl2, CaCl2, KCl) did not interfere in the growth of the starter culture in the Italian salami, neither did it affect the majority of the physicochemical parameters of the Italian salami nor the microbiological quality of the final product.
Influência das transformações urbanas no conforto acústico: estudo-piloto da cidade universitária da UFRJ
Authors: Magioli Flavia Benevides , Torres Julio Cesar Boscher
Published: February 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma metodologia para análise da influência das transformações urbanas no conforto acústico de um espaço urbano. Esta avaliação é baseada em um estudo-piloto, utilizando como objeto de análise a Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, na qual diversas transformações urbanas vêm ocorrendo ao longo dos anos, muitas destas definidas pelo Plano Diretor da UFRJ para o ano de 2020. A avaliação do impacto das transformações foi realizada através da comparação dos mapas de ruído produzidos pelas diversas configurações urbanas, principalmente as viárias e morfológicas das edificações. A validação dos mapas foi realizada através da medição dos níveis de pressão sonora nos pontos de interesse. Os mapas foram gerados utilizando dados de contagens veiculares e levantamento da tipologia física local. Os resultados da análise dos mapas, em função das transformações urbanas, permitiram constatar que os níveis de ruído na área estão acima dos recomendados legalmente e identificar as principais causas dessa elevação de ruído. Dessa forma, foi possível realizar uma análise crítica das transformações ao longo do tempo e da configuração espacial atual, para propor medidas mitigadoras da poluição sonora e obter um quadro de maior conforto acústico na Ilha do Fundão, sede da Cidade Universitária da UFRJ.
Cidade e interação: o papel do espaço urbano na organização social
Authors: Netto Vinicius M. , Meirelles João , Ribeiro Fabiano L.
Published: February 2018

Resumo Como ações pessoais, aparentemente caóticas, podem gerar os imensos sistemas de interações em que vivemos? Neste artigo, buscamos responder a esta pergunta sugerindo que há um papel para as cidades, na forma de coordenar nossas ações. Investigamos esse processo explorando um conceito particular: a “entropia” ou como sistemas lidam com a incerteza e imprevisibilidade na transição de ações individuais para sistemas de ação. Examinando as condições de (i) as ações como dependentes da informação em seu ambiente e de (ii) a cidade como ambiente de informação, propomos que (iii) a cidade produz diferenças na probabilidade de que certas interações venham a ser realizadas. Investigamos este processo através de simulações de diferentes cenários, de modo a identificar o espaço como uma condição necessária, mas não suficiente, para reduzir entropia social. Finalmente, sugerimos que os estados e flutuações da entropia são uma parte vital da reprodução social, e revelam profundas conexões entre sistemas sociais, informacionais e espaciais.
Os Mobilizadores Precários: base social e luta pela moradia popular nas cidades de Recife e Jaboatão dos Guararapes, PE
Authors: Silva Cleiton Ferreira da
Published: February 2018

Resumo Este artigo discute as transformações político-econômicas provocadas pela reestruturação do capitalismo e sua repercussão nos espaços urbanos, essencialmente as cidades que são comumente transformadas em locais indutores do desenvolvimento estratégico, do empresarialismo urbano e de extração do sobrelucro, desencadeando as contradições sociais e a luta de classes, especialmente para uma população precarizada e desprovida dos elementos essenciais, a quem o viver dignamente é negado. Essa população denominamos neste estudo de Mobilizadores Precários. Para isso, analisamos a atuação de um movimento sem-teto nas cidades de Recife e Jaboatão dos Guararapes, ou seja, a conjuntura de sua base social (política, econômica e social) e a repercussão política desses sujeitos coletivos na conquista de moradias e no enfrentamento de um modelo excludente. Utilizamos para isso o acompanhamento empírico dos núcleos de ocupação nas cidades supracitadas e a aplicação dos questionários entre as famílias atendidas pelo movimento em questão, retratando os mecanismos de luta e a caracterização das famílias.
Altitud, variables climáticas y tiempo de permanencia de las personas en plazas de Ecuador
Authors: Basantes Alba Cristina Núñez , García Ester Higueras
Published: February 2018

Resumen El tiempo de permanencia de las personas en el espacio público es un indicador que también permite medir su calidad. De hecho, es una dimensión crucial para construir una experiencia que facilite estar con otras personas, ver el entorno y procesar las impresiones visuales. En este sentido, el presente estudio aplica el método descriptivo para comprender la incidencia de la altitud y las variables climáticas (temperatura seca, velocidad del viento, humedad relativa) sobre el tiempo de permanencia de las personas en dos plazas centrales de Ecuador con similares características funcionales, localizadas a 2.575,00 msnm y a 37,54 msnm. Los resultados muestran que el tiempo máximo de permanencia de las personas en las plazas se registra cuando las variables climáticas se encuentran dentro de la zona de confort; sin embargo, no es una constante que se repita en las dos plazas de estudio, por lo que, a partir de ahí, parece que esta relación depende de otros factores. En relación a las variables altitud y tiempo de permanencia en las plazas, se identificó la siguiente correspondencia parcial: en la plaza ubicada a menor altitud se registra que las personas permanecen tres horas, siendo este el tiempo máximo identificado en este estudio.