bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Ripeness and Blending Speed on the Extraction Yield and Physical Chemical Properties of Low Viscosity Banana Juice
Authors: Kibazohi Oscar , Matabura Victor V
Published: January 2022

Low viscosity banana juice can be extracted from banana by blending and pressing the resulted semi-solid pulp to separate the juice. This juice extraction technology is relatively new and further studies to understand key parameters for juice release is vital for scaling up production and commercialisation. This study, investigated the influence of blending speed and ripeness stage on banana juice yield using two banana cultivars; the East African highland banana (Mbile) and the exotic banana (Pisang awak). Types of sugars and organic acids in the juice were analysed using an HPLC. Changes with ripening of fruit firmness, juice pH and soluble solids were also examined. The juice yield increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing blending speed and ripeness stage for all cultivars. The Mbile cultivar from Kagera had the highest juice yield of 82.35%, followed by Mbile cultivar from Kilimanjaro with 75.30% and Pisang awak cultivar with juice yield of 62.50%. The highest juice yield for all cultivars was achieved at 3500 rpm blending speed and ripeness stage 5. Fructose and glucose sugars increased significantly (p < 0.05) with ripeness, while sucrose showed insignificant changes. Malic and citric acids were observed to increase significantly (p < 0.05) during ripening in all banana cultivars.

Keywords: East African highland banana, Banana juice extraction, Blending speed, Low viscosity banana juice.
Biodiesel Generation from Palm Kernel Biomass via an In-situ Transesterification Approach
Authors: Ikechukwu Chikaodili D. , Ifijen Ikhazuagbe H. , Udokpoh Nyaknno U. , Ikhuoria Esther U.
Published: January 2022

This study investigated an in-situ transesterification of palm kernel biomass at variable reaction times (4 h, 5 h and 6 h) and catalyst loading (2 wt%, 3 wt.% and 5 wt.%). The biodiesel yields were observed to vary with these parameters. GC-MS analysis showed high fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) contents for all the prepared biodiesel samples (C-18:1, C-14:0, C-16:0, and C-18:0). 2 wt.% catalyst loading and 4 h reaction time were observed to be the best reaction conditions from the experimented parameters that gave the best biodiesel yield at 300 rpm mixing intensity. The in-situ method recorded a higher degree of oil extraction and efficient conversion of oil to biodiesel (93.93%) compared to the conventional transesterification method which gave 89.45%. The kinematic viscosity, acid value and iodine value of 3.96 mm2/s, 0.56 mg KOH g–1 and 120 g 100 g–1 were found to be within the limits of ASTM D6751-09 and EN14214 standards. These results confirm that efficient production of biodiesel from palm kernel biomass could be possible through an in-situ acidic transesterification process.

 Keywords: Biodiesel, fatty acid methyl ester, palm kernel biomass, transesterification
Identification and Characterization of Cassava Mosaic Begomoviruses in Non-crop Plants from Unguja and Pemba Islands
Authors: Mwakosya Joseph A. , Temu Gladness E. , Ndunguru Joseph C.
Published: January 2022

Cassava mosaic disease caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) remains one of the major constraints to cassava production since it causes yield losses up to 100%. Researches showed that some of CMBs infecting cassava plants may be coming from non-crop plants. This study intended to identify and characterize CMBs isolated from non-crop plant species in Unguja and Pemba Islands. A total of 108 viral symptomatic and asymptomatic non-crop leaf samples were collected using stratified sampling. DNA was extracted by using CTAB protocol followed by polymerase chain reaction using universal and specific primers for cassava mosaic begomoviruses identification. Results showed that, among eleven samples that were amplified, four were African cassava mosaic viruses (ACMV) and seven were East African cassava mosaic viruses (EACMV). DNA sequencing by Sanger method showed 97–99% similarities with isolates of ACMV and EACMV reported elsewhere in Africa. Using RbcL and MatK plant barcode genes, Datura stramonium, Solanum melongena and Solanum incanum were found associated with ACMV, while Senna occidentalis, Sida acuta and Ricinus communis harboured EACMV. These findings are a key in understanding the epidemiology of cassava mosaic disease and are potential in the development of sustainable management strategies for this disease.

Keywords: Begomoviruses, Cassava mosaic disease, East African cassava mosaic virus, Non crop plants.
Mathematical Characterization of Biological Control of Cassava Pests Model
Authors: Aderinto Yidiat O. , Ibiwoye Faith O. , Oke Michael O. , Jimoh Folashade M.
Published: January 2022

Pests are major constraints to the effective growth and development of every crop through their damage, and can be controlled effectively by the use of their natural enemies which is referred to as the biological pest control. In this study, the biological control model of cassava pests through optimal control theory was presented in order to minimize the population of the pests and stabilize the natural enemies population so as not to affect the crop negatively. A mathematical model was formulated via the Lotka-Volterra model, and the model was characterized. The optimality system was established, the equilibrium point with its uniqueness was established for the model. Finally, stability analysis of the model was investigated through optimal control approach and numerical data were employed to validate the system. The results obtained showed that cassava pests can be effectively controlled biologically.

Keywords: Optimal control, Cassava pest, Biological control, Stability, Natural enemies
Development of Biodegradable Food Packaging Materials from Agricultural Biomass
Authors: Bidu Jerome M , Towo Arnold , Haule Liberato , , William Joshua C , Kaale Lilian D
Published: January 2022

This study utilised maize husk fibres and pulp to prepare a biocomposite fabric for foodpackaging. The optimum conditions for extracting maize husk fibres were determinedexperimentally to be 5 g/l of sodium hydroxide concentration at 100 °C for 60 minutes and liquor ratio of 1:20. The fabric was manufactured by solution casting of maize husk pulp on a web prepared by aligning maize husk and sisal fibres using a deckle and frame. The sisal fibre content was varied from 5 to 50% at ratios ranging from 95:5 to 50:50 (maize: sisal fibres). The biodegradable fabric was characterised using three mechanical properties: tear strength, tensile strength, and abrasion resistance. The tear strength ranged from 0.79 MPa to 3.93 MPa whereas the tensile strength ranged from 13.35 MPa to 56.46 MPa, which conforms to the data available from literature. Abrasion tests verified that there was no mass loss at 5,000, 10,000 and 15,000 cycles. Overall, the study findings show that maize husk fibres can replace up to 80% of sisalfibres in materials for food packaging applications without compromising their quality.

Keywords: Maize husk fibre, biocomposite, sisal fibres, food packaging.
Topology Structure Analysis of High Dimensional Dataset by Flattening Deformation of Data Manifold
Authors: Zhuang Xiaodong , Mastorakis Nikos E.
Published: January 2022

A new analysis method for high dimensional sets is proposed by autonomous deforming of data manifolds. The deformation is guided by two kinds of virtual interactions between data points. The flattening of data manifold is achieved under the elastic and repelling interactions, meanwhile the topological structure of the manifold is preserved. The proposed method provides a novel geometric viewpoint on high-dimensional data analysis. Experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in dataset structure analysis.
Improvement of mining technology for the longwall -170/ -100 m in Seam H10 at East Wing of Mong Duong coal mine
Authors: Vu Tien Trung , Tran Ha Manh , Do Son Anh , Le Dung Tien , Thai Au Hai ,   Faculty of Mining, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam  Mong Duong Coal Joint Stock Company - Vinacomin, Vietnam
Published: January 2022

The coal production of the longwall -170/ -100 m in the seam H10 at the East wing of Mong Duong coal mine has basically reached the designed capacity. Because the mining technology layout of this longwall was designed with only one raise in coal for travel and with one group of workers, this layout cannot fulfil the requirement of increasing production of the mine. The production organization and labour arrangement of the layout face difficulty, cause considerable time for performing a production cycle and constrain productivity. Through a field study at the mine, the authors propose a solution for improvement of mining technology layout of the longwall. That is, another raise in coal and a second group of workers are added to the current layout. The associated production organization chart has been accordingly revised. The calculation results show that the production cycle time is decreased, and the productivity is increased. The research results from the paper are important and necessary for Mong Duong coal mine as they form the basis for increase of coal production and labour productivity at the longwall -170/ -130 m.
Degasification of methane for high methane-emitted coal seam at Mao Khe coal mine - Vinacomin by drilling long borehole
Authors: Pham Duy Van , Le Dung Tien , Do Son Anh ,   Mao Khe Coal Company - Vinacomin, Vietnam  Faculty of Mining, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a technical solution for reducing methane gas concentration (degasification) caused by a high methane-emitted coal seam at Mao Khe coal mine - Vinacomin. The technique is implemented by drilling a long borehole from the footwall of the roadway into the coal seam and punching small holes along the borehole for gas release. A field study at the longwall level -150/-80 m at Seam 9 of Mao Khe coal mine shows that after the degasification, the gas concentration here is lowered to safety standards. The technique can be used for all coal seams ranked as Class II, Class III, and super-class regarding methane gas, minimizing the risk of methane combustion and explosion.
An Analysis of the Relationship between University Students’ Views on Distance Education and their Computer Self-Efficacy
Authors: Sendogdu A. Aslan , Koyuncuoglu Ozdal
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine the relationship between university students’ views of distance education system and their computer self-efficacy in terms of some variables using Information Systems Success Model (ISSM) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The study is important since the studies on the distance education system made with Unified Learning Style Model (ULSM) are limited in the COVID-19 pandemic period when distance education has become widespread. The views of university students on distance education and computer self-efficacy were examined in the study in accordance with the causal-comparative design, taking into account the variables of gender, year of study and academic achievement. Then, the correlation between the Technology Acceptance Model, participants’ achievement levels and computer self-efficacy was explained. 895 students attending Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Applied Sciences undergraduate program participated in the study. While gathering data, previously tested Technology Acceptance and Information Systems Success Model Integration and Computer Self-efficacy scales were used by combining the components from both models.
Psychological-based Physical Exercise Education Model for Improving Elderly Physical Fitness
Authors: Rismayanthi Cerika , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Kristiyanto Agus , Doewes Muchsin
Published: January 2022

Increasing age that helps everyone will lead to the elderly group being vulnerable to various activities because of the decline in physiological functions. On the other hand, the elderly have to be able to survive. In addition to the psychological aspects, aspects of muscle, cardiovascular, balance, and mobility are essential factors to support the body's work. Measurements in this study using Delphi Technique towards a psychological-based physical exercise education model to improve physical fitness. The majority of validity tests are more significant than critical 0.30, so the Delphi technique is valid. In the reliability test, the calculated values of Cronbach's Alpha were 0.889 and 0.741, indicating that various questions about the use of the Delphi technique were reliable or consistent. It can be concluded that applied Delphi Technique as a psychological-based physical exercise education model to improve physical fitness for the elderly stated valid and reliable.
The Effect of the Blended Project-based Learning Model and Creative Thinking Ability on Engineering Students' Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mursid R. , Saragih Abdul Hasan , Hartono Rudi
Published: January 2022

This research examines the effect of the blended project-based learning (PjBL) model and creative thinking ability on engineering students' drawing learning outcomes. Using a pre and post-test quasi-experimental design, the research included a sample of 80 students from two different classes at the Faculty of Engineering, UNIMED, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through two-way ANOVA. Subsequently, the results showed that the members of experimental group I, comprising students who participated in the blended PjBL model, obtained the highest engineering drawing learning outcomes. The creative thinking ability outcomes of the students taught with this model were higher than those of the group II students who used the ordinary blended learning model. However, those with low thinking abilities taught with the ordinary model exhibited higher learning outcomes than the experimental group. These results show an interaction between the effect of the PjBL model and creative thinking ability on the learning outcomes of engineering students. Therefore, lecturers need to use a blended PjBL model to ensure improved outcomes, alongside enhancing students' creative thinking abilities to increase the model's effectiveness.
An Escape-Room about Krebs cycle prepared for Chemical Students
Authors: Marín Silvia , De Atauri Pedro R. , Moreno Estefania , Pérez-Torras Sandra , Farràs Jaume , Imperial Santiago , Cascante Marta , Centelles Josep Joan
Published: January 2022

Games are excellent teaching tools for self-learning. Students playing a game enjoy themselves and at the same time learn basic and important concepts. Different games including crossword puzzles, word search puzzles, knight’s tour games, connecting dots, mazes, matching two sets, amidakuji, and logic games were used for continuous assessment during the confinement due to pandemic. These games were developed as part of the GINDO-UB180 teaching innovation group activities. Since these games were very successful, we decided to combine all of them and construct a new teaching activity, that would help our students to study one essential metabolic pathway: The Krebs cycle. This activity (https://forms.gle/BPvpnLQRNYNPxcLQ7) is an Escape-room, and it was recently tested by our students in a General Biochemistry course. The code of the Escape room after the game is a word: either the longest in the letter soup, an anagram from several boxes from the crossword puzzles, the sentence from the knight’s tour game, or a word obtained following a maze. The results obtained after carrying out the Escape room will be compared with those obtained using previous tasks in terms of assessment and acceptance by the students in order to be included in the future as self-evaluation activities.
Investigating the Acquisitions in the Science Teaching Program in terms of Life Skills
Authors: Ormancı Ümmühan , Kaçar Sevinç , Çepni Salih
Published: January 2022

In parallel with the developing technology and knowledge, it has become very important for individuals to use various skills effectively. In Turkey, some life skills expected to be acquired by students are included in the 2018 Science Course Teaching Program. It is thought that determining included life skills and their levels in the acquisitions of the science-teaching program will be important in terms of literature. In the study, it was aimed to examine the acquisitions in the primary and secondary school science course-teaching program in terms of life skills. Document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. As a data collection tool, the booklet of the Ministry of National Education 2018 Science Course Teaching Program was used. In the findings obtained from the study, it was determined that the acquisitions in the science program include the most analytical thinking and decision-making skills, the least creative thinking, entrepreneurship and teamwork skills. When the science-teaching program is examined, it can be said that the result is not surprising since it often includes expressions such as experimenting, developing projects, making conclusions, creating models, discussions and these statements require more analytical thinking and decision-making skills.
The Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of a Chemistry Student Teacher: An Experience in Pre-Service Education
Authors: Arrigo Viviane , Lorencini Júnior Álvaro , Broietti Fabiele Cristiane Dias
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the development of the PCK of a Chemistry student teacher, from a university in southern Brazil, during teaching activities in the Supervised Internship. The theoretical basis adopted in this study was the PCK theory proposed by Shulman (1986, 1987) and some models that unfolded from it. Data collection occurred through audio recordings of the discussions that took place between the student teacher and the teacher educator during the planning of the teaching activities and after their implementation. These discussions were transcribed and the student teacher’s speeches were analyzed based on discursive textual analysis. During planning, the mobilization of the student teacher’s PCK had as a starting point the content knowledge, which supported the mobilization of other knowledge from the base, such as general pedagogical knowledge and knowledge of the context, influenced by teaching purposes and strategies and by the situations experienced with students. After the classes were taught, the PCK presented itself through a reflective process that gave rise to five categories: Learning, Participation, Planning, Teacher-Student Interaction and Pedagogical Content Mediation, particularities that were part of the PCK and that were expanded by the validation of the practice itself. Therefore, we defend that the development of the student teacher’s PCK occurred in association between the integrative and transformative models proposed by Gess-Newsome (1999).
Evaluation of the “Artvin gets Color with Science and Robotics 2” Project
Authors: Açışlı Çelik Sibel , Ergin İsmet
Published: January 2022

This research was supported within the scope of TÜBİTAK-4004 Nature Education and Science Schools Program with Project number 121B899. In this research, it is aimed to evaluate the "Artvin gets Color with Science and Robotics 2" project, which was carried out with 30 secondary school 6th and 7th grade students between 2-8 August 2021 within the scope of TÜBİTAK 4004–Nature Education and Science Schools Projects. Science, robotics, artificial intelligence, astronomy and nature education activities were carried out in the project that was aimed to be evaluated. In the research, the end-of-day activity evaluation form, reflective pictures and semi-structured interview form were used to evaluate the project and the activities carried out in the project by the students who participated in the project as data collection tools. The research was carried out in the qualitative research method and the students' diaries, reflective pictures and the end of the project views were analyzed by content analysis. Almost all of the project participants stated that they found most of the activities instructive and entertaining, they enjoyed all the activities, they liked the environment in which the project was held, they would like to participate in the project again and would recommend the project to their friends. With this project, it is seen that students' interest in science, nature and robotics increased and they realized how important it is to protect nature. In addition, the majority of the students stated that they were interested in robotics. The students who participated in the project stated that they learned more permanently because they did all the activities by doing it themselves and they found the project useful.
Teacher Characteristics and Experiences in Light of the Challenges Presented by the COVID-19 Pandemic in Paraguay
Authors: Canese Valentina , Mereles Juan Ignacio , Amarilla Jessica Andrea
Published: January 2022

The advent of COVID-19 generated unprecedented disruptions in the education sector throughout the world. This study presents a comparison of teacher characteristics, perceptions about the development of online educational activities and the difficulties experienced at the beginning of online teaching implementation and at the end of 2020 in Paraguay. A mixed methodology was used with focus group interviews and semi-structured questionnaires administered through electronic means. Teachers from all educational levels in Paraguay, from public and private institutions, were considered. At the beginning of the pandemic, 1030 teachers participated. In the follow-up study, 299 teachers participated, mainly from the capital city and the Central Department. The study revealed significant proportions of teachers who were forced to acquire new equipment and increased technological services. The main means of communication used, at all levels, were WhatsApp and educational platforms. At the end of 2020, there were a higher proportion of teachers trained in the use of technological tools for teaching. The main problem faced by teachers in remote activities is associated with internet connection. Although challenging, teachers also considered the opportunities granted by the situation. These teaching experiences serve to establish and design mechanisms to make education in times of pandemic bearable.
Pedagogical Practices and Challenges of Junior High School Teachers in Virtual Teaching in the Lens of the CoI Framework
Authors: Lansangan Ryan Villafuerte , Yoma Karen Sadiwa , Yoma Caesar Anthony E.
Published: January 2022

This study explored the online teaching experiences of the Junior High School teachers through the lens of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework by investigating their perceived level of confidence, pedagogical practices and encountered challenges. Employing concurrent-convergent mixed method design, the study included 66 Junior High School teachers who perceived themselves most confident in the aspect of teaching presence, followed by cognitive presence, then social presence. Having CoI as the school's adapted framework in facilitating online instruction, teachers identified CoI teaching strategies that address the challenges and hindrances in the execution of online instruction underscoring the different presences (teaching, social, and cognitive) and raised instructional dilemmas and challenges that hinder its optimum execution. Recommendations were also offered as inputs in the improvement of the existing school policies and practices in the conduct of online teaching and learning.
Ancient Epigraphic Inscriptions as a Source for Research of the Oldest Past of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Šačić Beća Amra
Published: January 2022

: Epigraphic inscriptions hundreds of which have been found in the territory

of Bosnia and Herzegovina, are an authentic testimony of the people of the time about the

political, cultural and social life of provinces Dalmatia, and the two Pannonia provinces

(Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior). Although a systematic research is lacking, the

number of newly-found epigraphic monuments has significantly increased in Bosnia and

Herzegovina and to that number four more will be added. Two monuments were found

in the wider Trebinje area, while the other two are from the Crkvine near Makljenovac

(Doboj) locality. Votive altar for Jupiter, Best and Greatest, from the soldier of Cohors prima

Delmatarum milliaria is the first material evidence for which it can be certainly asserted

that it is linked to the presence of the cohort in the area of Doboj. The cohort whose name

is mentioned on the epigraphic monument from Doboj was probably made in the 80s CE,

after the Roman legions retreated from the area of the province Dalmatia. It is considered

that the cohort was stationed throughout the whole principate in its “birth” province

Dalmatia and that it is, conditionally speaking, one of the autochthonous cohorts. The

confirmation that the Cohors prima Delmatarum milliaria equitata was stationed in the

castrum in Makljenovac is a good indicator that Romans accounted for the inter-provincial

borders, not only for he limes.
The Changing Face of Fiscal Policy in the Periphery of the World of Islam
Authors: Kasumović Fahd
Published: January 2022

This paper explores the Ottoman government’s Gypsy poll tax policy in the frontier province of Bosnia in the period between 1690s and 1856 by using unpublished archival sources to deconstruct the dominant historiographic narratives on this matter, as well as to answer several important, but still unaddressed questions. After reassessing the principal historiographic ideas and conflicting narratives on the political and legal background of the Gypsy poll tax, this study investigates the hitherto unknown regional variations in the Gypsy poll tax policy, financial importance of the poll tax at the provincial and local level, tax farming arrangements as well as changes in tax collection strategies. Throughout, it argues that previous historiographic works on these questions did not adequately present the changing nature of the Ottoman taxation policy as they lacked the materials to provide us with a more detailed insight. On the other hand, this research reveals the nuances of these financial changes and variations, which occurred over time, tracks down the central government’s efforts to mobilise the necessary resources and improve the state capacity, while it explains the connection of these changes with the wider economic crises and transformation processes in the Ottoman Empire.
Prošlost Bosne i Hercegovine na stranicama Kalendara Narodne uzdanice / The past of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the pages of the Kalendar Narodne uzdanice
Authors: Maslo Amer , Muhedinović Ajdin
Published: January 2022

In the period from 1923 to 1945, the Muslim Cultural and Educational Society “Narodna uzdanica” operated in Bosnia and Herzegovina. As part of its publishing

activities, this society, once a year, published the Kalendar, a publication of a cultural and educational nature. In almost every issue, articles were published where numerous authors

with varying degrees of success sought to contribute to the study of the past of Bosnia and Herzegovina, especially that part of the past in which Bosnia and Herzegovina was under

Ottoman rule. This paper aims to offer a brief overview of the works that thematically dealt with the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Kalendar Narodne uzdanice, to point out

their importance, and in some places to show how political and ideological circumstances influenced published works. A selective bibliography of historiographical works published

in the Kalendar Narodne uzdanice is offered as a contribution to the work.
Poplava, zemljotres, smog: Prilozi ekohistoriji Bosne i Hercegovine u 20. stoljeću. Sarajevo: Udruženje za modernu historiju (UMHIS), Drugo, izmijenjeno i dopunjeno izdanje, 2020, 281 str.
Authors: Marukić Faris
Published: January 2022

Book Review
Amir Duranović, Islamska zajednica u jugoslavenskom socijalizmu. Sarajevo: Udruženje za modernu historiju / Udruga za modernu povijest (UMHIS), 2021, 314 str.
Authors: Lojić  Duraković Saima
Published: January 2022

Book Review
Judith L. Pace, Hard questions. Learning to teach controversial issues. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2021.
Authors: Forić Plasto Melisa
Published: January 2022

Book Review
Edin Veladžić, Slavojka Beštić Bronza, Bojana Dujković Blagojević, Melisa Forić Plasto, Elma Hašimbegović, Senada Jusić – Dučić, Fahd Kasumović, Marija Naletilić, Edin Radušić
Authors: Kahriman Dženana
Published: January 2022

Book Review
Imenice a-vrste u ijekavskošćakavskom govoru Sarajeva / A-type Nouns in the Ijekavian-Shtokavian Dialect of Sarajevo
Authors: Bajraktarević Enisa
Published: January 2022

The paper brings the morphological features of the a-type nouns of the Sarajevo dialect in the light of the Eastern Bosnian ijekavian-shtokavian dialect to which it belongs, connecting them with those previously recorded in Sarajevo as well as in the neighbouring dialects. Informants are Sarajevans born in the early 20th century. The corpus consists of transcribed audio material of about 150 pages.
Između jave i sna / Between Reality and Dream Narcissistic Dream
Authors: Duraković Irma
Published: January 2022

The Story Der Garten der Erkenntnis (1895) by the Austrian author Leopold von Andrian is colored by a dreamlike atmosphere and, as such, points to the importance of the dream phenomenon among Viennese modernists even before Freud’s revolutionary study Die Traumdeutung (1900) served as a template for literary dreams. Erwin, the protagonist, although travelling through cities, does not embark on life and opposes sleep; his perception of the outside word is “narcissistic”. Erwin is in search of knowledge of the world; however, his view on his path to cognition becomes increasingly subjective, resulting in an encounter with his doppelganger. And his struggle with the doppelganger does not take place in his dream, but in his dreamlike reality. In this paper, the question arises as to what the dreamlike reality is, why does Erwin flee to it and what consequences are left on on him and the perception of the world around him.
Funktionen der bildenden Kunst im literarischen Werk E. T. A. Hoffmanns / The Functions of Fine Arts in the Literary Work of E. T. A. Hoffmann
Authors: Orozović Anja
Published: January 2022

E. T. A. Hoffmann was a multi-talented artist who was not only known as a writer but as well as a composer and a draftsman. These talents can be noticed through various traces within his literary work. The references to the fine arts characterize Hoffmann’s entire oeuvre from the early to the late phase. The interest in certain artists and works, which Hoffmann adopted both in Dresden and during the Bamberg and Berlin periods, can be encountered through various references, especially within his narratives. The presented article includes three story collections: Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier,. Blätter aus dem Tagebuche eines reisenden Enthusiasten (1814/15), Nachtstücke (1816/17), and Die Serapionsbrüder (1819/21). It begins by referring to Hoffmann’s engagement with various artistic models, and then goes on to examine the traces of these encounters. The approach divides the references into four categories that within selected narratives reference to different features. Hoffmann not only relays on the traditionally painterly genres of fantasy and nocturne, but also attempts to transpose their characteristics into literature. The works of visual artists can serve as narrative prompts, or to shape the protagonist and landscape depictions. The above-mentioned references contribute to a better understanding of Hoffmann’s narrative work, both on the poetological level and on the level of content.
Zastupljenost metodike nastave sa školskom praksom na studijskim programima za obrazovanje budućih nastavnika prirodnih nauka / Representation of Teaching Methodology with School Practice in Study Programs for the Education of Pre-Service Science Teacher
Authors: Idrizović Džejla , Dedić Bukvić Emina
Published: January 2022

Teaching methodology is a key segment in the initial education of future teachers. It is a science that studies legality in the field of teaching and learning, but in a specific, clearly defined field of activity. That is, it is a science that explores what to learn, how to learn and teach, as well as how and with what support certain teaching contents are learned. Future teachers, during their initial education, in parallel with the professional knowledge from selected subjects of study, acquire knowledge, develop skills and attitudes on how to teach this subject of study and how future generations will acquire, adopt, form knowledge and skills through their own activity. The aim of this paper is to determine the representation of teaching methodology with school practice in study programs for the education pre-service science teachers. Based on the aim, a qualitative research was conducted, in which the legal provisions regulating the teaching processes at the University of Sarajevo were primarily analysed, with an emphasis on the pedagogical-psychological and didactic methodological group of subjects in the study programs for education of pre-service science teachers at the University of Sarajevo. The total of 11 teacher education programs for education of pre-service science teachers at the Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, were analyzed. The analysis and description of official study programs that prepare future science teachers showed an unequal treatment of teaching methodology practices in the study programs of this higher education institution. We identified different approaches in creating goals and outcomes for teaching content from teaching methodology, unequal number of ECTS credits for this segment of initial education, and also the specifics of certain teaching methodology in study programs have been recognized. The results and recommendations can offer ideas for reflection that will improve the initial education for education of pre-service science teachers. The results of the research also emphasize the responsibility of university teachers in the process of creating curricula with an emphasis on pedagogical-psychological and didactic-methodological area.
THE WESLEYAN SYNTHESIS RECONSIDERED
Authors: Snyder Howard A.
Published: January 2022

This article purpose finds what is “the Wesleyan synthesis,” and will also briefly revisit the much-discussed Wesleyan Quadrilateral. Wesley effectively combined in thought and practice these five elements, namely: (1) Divine sovereignty and human freedom, (2) Doctrine and experience, (3) Experience and structure, (4) Charismatic and institutional elements, and (5) Present and future salvation. This article argues that this synthesis is powerful, but also that it is biblical. In fact, the reason this synthesis is powerful is that it faithfully embodies the revealed truth of Scripture. The results of the Wesleyan synthesis are drawing three general conclusions. First, Wesley's theology was broader and more profound than has often been realized. Second, Wesley's theology can help us develop a biblical understanding of culture and culture change. Third, Wesley's theology is thus an open invitation to continue to develop a theology of church, mission, and culture that is profoundly biblical and sharply relevant to the present age.
Experiments on Tanier Production with Conservation in Puerto Rico's Mountain Region
Authors: Abruña-Rodríguez Fernando , Boneta García Elvin G. , Vicente-Chandler José , Silva Servando
Published: January 2022

Experiments conducted on the cultural and fertility requirements of taniers (Xanthosoma sp.) on typical latosols in the Humid Mountain Region of Puerto Rico showed: 1. Taniers grown under 50-percent shade provided by trees yielded only a third as much as those grown in full sunlight. 2. Taniers planted directly in undisturbed latosols yielded as much as those planted in thoroughly prepared soil. Prometryne gave good results as a pre-emergence herbicide. 3. The Morada, Viequera, Rascana, Bisley, Drearies, and Inglesa varieties gave promising results. 4. Yields increased with population up to 14,700 plants per acre in one experiment, but were unaffected by plant population in another where more favorable rainfall resulted in higher yields. 5. Taniers responded rather consistently to 100 pounds of N per acre in two equal applications but exhibited variable response to applications of P and K. The application of 100 pounds N, 40 pounds P (92 pounds P2O5), and 100 pounds K per acre would seem to be a reasonable practice. 6. Ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium nitrate and ammonium-nitrate-lime were equally efficient providers of N to taniers, but sodium nitrate applications severely reduced yields.
Testing Tephrosia Vogelii for Resistance to Foliar Blight in Puerto Rico
Authors: Ruppel E. G. , Barnes D. K. , Freyre R. H. , Santiago Alma
Published: January 2022

The severity of foliar blight in T. vogelii incited by T. cucumeris and M. phaseoli was significantly greater for 48- and 72-hour periods of postinoculation humidity of 100 percent than for periods of 0, 12, and 24 hours. Inoculations of 1-, 2-, 4-, and 8-week-old seedlings demonstrated that disease severity was significantly greater in the 2-week-old seedlings inoculated with either pathogen and in the 8-week-old seedlings inoculated with M. phaseoli, than in other age groups. No consistent differences in resistance to the pathogens were detected among six entries of T. vogelii in damping-off trials and foliar inoculation tests in the greenhouse. However, differences were observed for leaf yield and leaf:stem ratios among 13 lines of T. vogelii which were tested in the field under a severe epiphytotic of foliar disease. Some of these differences were associated with disease resistance and the remainder with the inherent agronomic differences between lines.
REKAYASA BAHASA MEDIA MASA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP DUNIA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Astawa Dewa Nyoman Wija
Published: January 2022

Media massa dapat disimak sebagai indikator kemajuan bangsa. Negara-negara maju dicirikan oleh banyak dan beragamnya media massa, serta keterlibatan masyarakat dengan media massa. Media massa sebagai institusi memiliki peran sosial politik yang sangat penting dalam pembangunan bangsa, khususnya pendidikan bahasa. Sebagai institusi sosial, media massa adalah juga objek penelitian sosial. Pemahaman akan institusi ini adalah bagian dari pemahaman sosial politik masyarakat. Dalam masyarakat yang masih berkembang, media massa berperan sebagai juru bicara masyarakat yang masih belum mampu “berkomunikasi” dengan pemerintah, masyarakat, dan lingkungannya. Fungsi pendidikan bahasa pada intinya adalah melatih siswa untuk mampu berpikir kritis, yaitu terampil berbahasa sebagai pendengar, pembicara, pembaca, dan penulis sebagai bagian tak terpisahkan dari proses pemelekwacanaan (cultural literacy) bangsa.
DESCRIPTION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN ENGLISH LEARNING TO THE RURAL JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN TABANAN REGENCY
Authors: Sukraningsih Gusti Ayu Gede , Sueni Ni Made
Published: January 2022

Learning assessment is important aspect in valuing education achievement. In line with this, the Ministry of Education and Culture issues minister of education and culture regulation No. 23 Year 2016 (Permendikbud No 23 Year 2016) governing the standard of assessment, one of which is authentic assessment. This research aimed at describing authentic assessment in English learning  toward the students of two rural state schools in Tabanan regency, namely SMP Negeri 1 Kerambitan and SMP Negeri 2 Kediri. The subjects of this research were five teachers and 155 students. The techniques of data collection  used in this research were observation, interview, and documentation. The data were analyzed by using qualitative data analysis consisting of data reduction, data display, conclusion, and verification. Based on the analysis, it was found that (1) the authentic assessment was implemented in learning process by assessing the competence of attitude, knowledge, and skills. (2) the techniques of assessment used to value each competency include (a) observation and journal for attitude competency, (b) written test, oral test, and assignment for knowledge competency, and (c) performance, project, and portfolio for skills competency. The conclusion of this research is the authentic assessment in both schools is well implemented. It is due to the efforts of the local government through Department of Education and each school to hold the training program to the teachers on curriculum 2013 implementation.
PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DENGAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK BERBASIS TEMA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN JATI DIRI
Authors: Parmini Ni Putu
Published: January 2022

Tujuan kajian ini untuk mengetahui pembentukan jati diri melalui pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dengan pendekatan saintifik berbasis tema. Pembelajaran dilakukan dengan pendekatan saintifik berbasis tema pada siswa kelas VII SMP di Ubud. Dengan materi yang dibahas bertemakan cinta tanah air, khasiat daun kelor dengan langkah – langkah, mengamati, menanya, menghubungkan, mengasosiasikan dengan materi Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia yang menjadi materi pokok, dan mengkomunikasikan dalam bentuk wacana, prosa maupun puisi dari materi yang dibahas. Dengan cara itu berdampak positif terhadap pembentukan jati diri siswa.
Development of scientific-theoretical provisions to clarify the concept of road infrastructure in the road sector
Authors:   Belarusian State University of Transport, Tsarenkova Irina M.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the author's view on the interpretation of the concept of «road infrastructure ». The relevance of the research is determined by the need to develop the theoretical foundations of transport logistics, due to the specifics of the road sector and its close integration with the sphere of road transport, when the implementation of road construction work on the creation and operational activities for the maintenance, improvement of reliability and extension of durability of roads are combined in time and space with the processes of transport and logistics services. The aim of the article is to clarify the theoretical provisions in terms of specifying the concepts that characterize the road component of the infrastructure of the transport and logistics system of the country, as well as to develop recommendations for its further development. The paper uses the system-structural approach to explaining the essence and content of road infrastructure, its development is proposed to be based on the logistic approach. The main provisions resulting from the study of the economic essence of road infrastructure are presented, the basic theoretical aspects are systematized with clarification of the conceptual apparatus used in the economic development of road facilities on the basis of the logistic approach. The analysis of its forming elements is performed, which allows to exclude the spontaneous use of the concepts of «roads» and «road infrastructure». The refined interpretation of the objects that form the road infrastructure is based on the selection of the main functions they perform in the process of solving relatively discrete economic problems in the service of traffic flows, as well as the physical location in relation to the road. At present, the sectoral structuring of infrastructure facilities is predominant. Having synthesized and investigated by means of the general theory of systems road and transport-logistic activity, the necessity of theoretical modeling of road infrastructure from the standpoint of processes and procedures of management of its development has been established. It is carried out to achieve the methodological goal and allows a new way to consider the ways of structural relationships and their functioning in the economic development of road facilities. As a result, the likelihood of a strategic alliance of road transport and road economy in transport and logistics systems is increased.
Integration of blockchain technology into the state order management system
Authors:   Volga State Technological University, Terentyev Viktor N.
Published: January 2022

The state order management system, which was reformed in 2013, despite constant modernization with endless legislative patches, continues to be a cumbersome bureaucratic monster, unable to cope with the ever-increasing volume of tasks. In the modern technically developed world, solving discrete distribution problems through protocol commissions and paper reports is an atavism like bone abacus in the space flight control center. One of the tools for the development of digital management of the state order system is the integration of a new form of monetary circulation into the state economy – by means of a centralized register based on blockchain technology. The purpose of this research is to form a model for integrating digital financial assets into the system of ensuring state needs. An integral process of such integration should be the digital blockchain algorithm, expressed in smart contracts and provided with financial exchange processes through digital financial assets (digital ruble in the proposed case). The way proposed by the author of the study for the introduction of a system of centralized registers supporting the financial turnover of the digital ruble into the domestic financial infrastructure is a direct embodiment of the state's policy on digitalization of state processes. The paper reveals shortcomings of the existing domestic legislation regarding the regulation of the management processes of the state order system. The concept of "digital financial assets", "digital ruble" is disclosed. An effective method is proposed to prevent the formation of economic risk factors through the corruption component in the execution of government contracts.
The problem of staffing for the digital transformation of the entrepreneurial sector and the directions of its solutions
Authors:   Russian Technological University, Esenin Mikhail A. , Dubrova Tatiana A. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: January 2022

The active development of digitalization can have a significant impact on the formation of competitive advantages of organizations in the entrepreneurial sector, which was clearly manifested with the onset of the pandemic. The generalization of the results of business surveys in the entrepreneurial sector of the EU countries and Russia, presented in the work, revealed that the problem of staffing occupies a prominent place among the constraints on the development of digital transformations. It is shown that the current situation is characterized by an increasing demand for qualified specialists in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for various sectors of the economy against the background of a low level of digital skills in the workplace. At the same time, both in the entrepreneurial sector of the EU countries and in Russia, the coverage of organizations with advanced digital technologies is insignificant, in contrast to the basic segment technologies. Using the principal components method, generalized characteristics were constructed for reflecting the active use of advanced digital technologies in various fields, which made it possible to further assess their relationship with the set of indicators of investment in human capital. The implemented approach showed promising directions for solving the problem of staffing the digitalization of the business sector, which seems relevant for both Russian and European entrepreneurship.