bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Energy Security in Indonesia from a Net Zero Perspective
Authors: Muyasyaroh Ayu Pratiwi
Published: February 2024

This study aims at examining in what way and to what extent Indonesia can safeguard its energy security from a net zero perspective. To achieve the objective of this study, the current and projected figures of three variables of the country’s energy system—the total emissions of Kyoto gases, CO2 emissions per sector, and primary energy mix—up to the end of the century were calculated. To shed light on these variables, IMAGE 3.2, an Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) was used. Three scenarios that include CurPol, NDC, and Glasgow were reviewed. This study found that the country's reliance on finite fossil fuels becomes unavoidable, potentially causing Indonesia to miss its net zero target while also being vulnerable to energy crises. It is found that neither strategy described in the country’s current policies nor in its NDC are in line with the country’s net-zero target.This situation is exacerbated by the fact that Indonesia has not enshrined its net zero target in law, leaving the country’s net zero commitment merely as a proposal rather than a pledge. Thus, if Indonesia is committed to ensure its energy security while also meeting its net zero target, it becomes imperative for the country to advance energy efficiency measures, incorporate carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology to control the emissions of ffossil fuels, and significantly increase the shares of renewables (solar and biomass in particular) to at least 50%in the country's primary energy mix.
Strategic Implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions for Waste-to-Energy Utilization in Indonesia
Authors: Hamzah Alfiyah Nur Inayah , Paliling Valeria Erika Sari
Published: February 2024

Municipal solid waste (MSW) stands out as a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, with Indonesia ranking among the world's largest contributors. The Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) commits Indonesia to minimize MSW emissions through renewable energy development, a central aspect of addressing the climate change crisis. In response, Presidential Regulation Number 35 of 2018 was introduced to vitalize these efforts. However, despite these initiatives, the existing legal framework has not adequately addressed the issue. This research aims to address two pivotal questions: How does Indonesian law regulate the conversion of waste into energy? To what extent do current regulations encompass Waste-to-Energy power plants? Employing a normative legal analysis, this study critically examines national legal instruments related to renewable energy, utilizing a statutory approach. Our findings underscore that current regulations concerning renewable energy lack effectiveness in ensuring availability, resilience, and national energy independence in a sustainable manner. Our study contributes to the existing body of research by delving into aspects of Waste-to-Energy regulation in Indonesia, an area that has not been extensively explored in previous studies.
Triumphing Over Adversity: Navigating Climate Change, Covid-19, and Conflict for Sustainable Development in the Post-Globalization Era
Authors: Samekto FX Adji , Purwanti Ani , Natalis Aga
Published: February 2024

This research examines the role of addressing global humanitarian issues in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by States at the UN Sustainable Development Conference in 2012. The SDGs aim to tackle key challenges related to sustainable development, covering environmental, social, and economic dimensions. However, achieving a balance between environmental protection, economic growth, and social inclusion is a complex task requiring continuous efforts and commitment. Through a socio-legal approach, this study identifies three global humanitarian issues as obstacles to the SDGs: climate change, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and conflicts between States, specifically the Russo-Ukrainian War. Addressing climate change is crucial as it poses significant threats to the environment and human life. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates existing challenges, impacting health systems, economies, and social well-being. State conflicts disrupt peace and stability, impeding progress towards development goals. Overcoming these obstacles necessitates international cooperation, policy reforms, and effective governance, prioritizing sustainability, resilience, and inclusiveness. By addressing these humanitarian issues, we can enhance the likelihood of achieving the SDGs and building a more sustainable and equitable future for all.
Discourse On Western Development Plans In Post-Colonial British West Africa
Authors: Oluwaseun Osadola
Published: February 2024

This scholarly discourse seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Western Development Plan that was executed in British West Africa during the post-colonial era. Academics have examined the portrayal of the British colonial government from different viewpoints and perspectives. Distinguished African academics have thoroughly examined this topic from an angle of self-interest, whereas highly regarded European scholars have analysed it from the standpoint of imperialism. The connections and affiliations between African states and their European counterparts have had negative consequences for their economic sustainability and cultural cohesion. Therefore, it is indisputable that the economies of post-colonial Africa are primarily shaped by the enduring impacts of their colonial past. The colonial economies were tightly interconnected with the economic systems of their respective metropolitan powers via a range of measures, such as currency manipulation, trade restrictions, and infrastructure expansion. This article provides a thorough review of the development plans created after the attainment of Nigeria's independence with the aim of reporting their effects on the economy and growth of West Africa.
La figura del error judicial frente a la prisión preventiva
Authors: Naveda Delgado Jonathan Alexander , López Moya Daniela Fernanda
Published: February 2024

Introducción: La figura del error judicial está reconocida dentro de la legislación ecuatoriana como aquella decisión equívoca emitida por los servidores judiciales, que genera afectaciones a los derechos del sancionado, en especial cuando se manifiesta en la aplicación de la prisión preventiva, pues al ser una medida cautelar de carácter extraordinario para su implementación se amerita de la motivación suficiente de hechos y derecho, así como de indicios que vinculan la responsabilidad del procesado y el descarte del uso de otras medidas,  caso contrario quien la recibe pierde su libertad arbitrariamente, lo que da cabida a la responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado para reparar el daño, habilitando posteriormente a hacer uso del derecho de repetición en contra de las autoridades judiciales. La presente investigación tiene como Objetivo analizar el origen de esta figura, su conceptualización y su vínculo con la implementación de la medida cautelar de prisión preventiva, además, del impacto que tiene en el desarrollo procesal penal, Metodología, mediante un enfoque cualitativo, histórico lógico, documental y bibliográfico, Conclusión, los cuales ayudaron a determinar que el error es provocado por la falta de aplicación de los principios de objetividad y debida diligencia, dando lugar a sanciones a los responsables y reparación al afectado. Área de estudio general: Derecho. Área de estudio específica: Derecho Penal y Constitucional.
Key Success Factors Influencing the Sustainability of University-Industry Partnerships in South Africa
Authors: Ramraj Upaasna
Published: February 2024

Due to the inability of stakeholders to address local and global challenges independently, there is a rising need for partnerships between academia and industry. Higher education institutions are key role players in developing future employees, necessitating intervention strategies with industry.  Conversely, industry is eager to absorb these employees in an effort to identify solutions to their ongoing concerns. As a result, establishing symbiotic relationships with one another becomes critical, since such partnerships have been known to address a wide range of challenges. This study, therefore, investigated factors that influence the sustainability of university-industry partnerships by means of a quantitative survey applied to exit-level higher education students and industry managers.  A hybrid questionnaire was used to collect data, incorporating open-ended and closed questions.  Some of the survey findings include solidification of contracts, dynamic stakeholder engagement, strategic planning initiatives and fostering commitment, resulting in re-engineered business processes and bespoke education.  These findings have significant implications for the long-term viability of university-education partnerships. As a result, it is critical for stakeholders to prioritise investment in these partnerships recognising their significance as catalysts for innovation and drivers of economic progress.
Linguistic Contribution of Games to Terminology Acquisition
Authors: Plaku Megi , Enesi Prof. Assoc. Miranda , Vishkurti Prof. Dr. Silvana
Published: February 2024

Undoubtedly, teaching and learning are two elements of the educational process that require continuous updates to keep alive and encourage students' attention, interest, involvement, and independence. To learn a language, communication is the main means of achieving the goal. In a class there is a wide variety of student typologies, therefore, the task arises to select methodologies and techniques that ensure satisfactory activation of students and achievement of the main objectives of the teaching and learning process.

Coming up with techniques or activities that ensure inclusiveness is a challenge, but games ca be classified as a common denominator for a large part of students, bearing in mind that the most effective approach, especially in foreign language learning, is the communicative approach.

In the study undertaken at the Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, it was concluded that the games used throughout the semester had a fruitful result in the acquisition of terminology by students. The study is quantitative and qualitative. For data collection, a test and a questionnaire were used. In addition to the effectiveness in achieving the objectives of the learning process, overall students had a very positive approach towards games because according to them they experienced pleasure interacting with each other in a harmonious context, and on the other hand they learned about and from their colleagues whenever activities (games) were implemented in the classroom, they were motivated to express themselves a lot. However, it was noticed that games should not surpass a certain limit. While implementing “Role Play”, students’ interest throughout the semester vanished, which means that the implementation of certain games in the classroom should be balanced. In the main, games’ contribution to terminology learning was not only on the educational, and linguistic aspects but also on the social aspects of students.
How the spatio-temporal overlap of cod, haddock, and capelin larvae affects their recruitment in the Norwegian-Barents Sea system
Authors: Ferreira ASA , Langangen Ø , Yaragina NA , Prokopchuk IP , Durant JM
Published: February 2024

The Norwegian-Barents Sea (NBS) system is very productive; however, the extent to which this productivity varies remains uncertain for many species. Cod Gadus morhua, haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus, and capelin Mallotus villosus are 3 key species that overlap in a large portion of the NBS ecosystem. In this hypothesis-driven study, we investigated the interaction of these 3 species during their pelagic larval stage and assessed the impact of their spatio-temporal overlap on survival. We hypothesised that the spatio-temporal overlap between the larvae of the 3 species, as they likely drift together, influences their survival at later stages. We calculated the spatio-temporal overlap of each pair of the 3 studied species and tested it against their recruitment. We utilised a multiple linear regression model with temperature, spawning stock biomass, and spatio-temporal overlap among larvae, their food, and competitors as explanatory variables; this model explained ∼43, ∼24, and ∼73% of the variability in cod, haddock, and capelin recruitment, respectively. The overlaps between larval cod and competing species and/or food have a negative influence on cod recruitment, whereas the sign of the relationships pertaining to haddock and capelin varies. These results improve our understanding of how these fish species use their critical habitats to face emerging environmental stressors.
MARXISM AND AMOR INTELLECTUALIS: TOWARD A THEORY OF SOCIALIST CULTURE BY VOLODYMYR YURYNETS
Authors: Гундорова Тамара
Published: February 2024

The paper analyzes the methodological framework of the philosophy of culture and new literary criticism of the Ukrainian philosopher and literary critic Volodymyr Yurynets (1891—1937) within his article “To the Problem of Socialist Culture (Introduction to the book ‘Mykola Bazhan’).” His ideas testify to the powerful methodological searches in the field of Marxist criticism of the 1920s aimed at substantiating the nature of post-revolutionary culture. Balancing between Marxism and Western idealist philosophy, Yurynets brings elements of the latter into his philosophical Marxist criticism.

While elaborating a model of new criticism, Yurynets substantiates perception based on a “fluxion of intellectual sympathy.” In this process, the recipient becomes an organ of “amor intellectualis, indifferent amazement.” Yurynets considers his philosophical criticism of culture to be a Marxist form of cultural philosophy. He asserts that literature is a form of philosophical thinking and argues that literary criticism armed with philosophy is a phenomenon completely different from academic literary criticism. Justifying philosophical criticism as an active and modeling force of the modern time, Yurynets appeals to the ideas of the literary critic Leonid Grossman, the literary theorist Pavel Medvedev, and the linguist Nikolai Marr. Yurynets’s concept comes down to the search for the meaning of art in relation to the “life world” of a man. At the same time, he interprets the discovery of the “living forces of the epoch” in the context of historical materialism. In an effort to purify aesthetic perception from subjectivity, psychology, and emotion, Yurynets actually adapts E. Husserl’s ‘phenomenological reduction’ and applies it to the aesthetic reception. The scholar also refers to reflexology and Freudian psychoanalysis as sources of artistic inspiration and interpretive ideas for contemporary philosophical criticism.
Nőgyógyászati hormonterápia és a cardiovascularis rizikó : 2. rész: a menopauzális hormonterápia
Authors: László Ádám
Published: February 2024

Cardiovascularis vonatkozásai szempontjából a hormonális fogamzásgátlás mellett a menopauzális hormonterápia bír kiemelkedő klinikai jelentőséggel. Ha a menopauzális hormonterápiát 60 évesnél fiatalabb nők, illetve a menopauza után kevesebb mint tíz évvel kezdik el, csökken a koszorúér-betegségek kockázata és a mortalitás. Hagyományos, tablettás menopauzális hormon terápia mellett a vénás thromboemboliák és a stroke rizikója kisfokban nő, transdermalis bevitel esetén azonban nem. A 60 év feletti nőkben elkezdve a menopauzális hormonterápia fokozza a cardiovascularis események kockázatát, ezért a menopauzális hormonterápiát érdemes elkezdeni a menopauza szindróma tüneteinek (elsősorban a hőhullámok) megjelenésekor, lehetőleg fiatalabb korban. A súlyos késői szövődmények megelőzése céljából korai petefészek-elégtelenségben és korai menopauzában a menopauzális hormonterápia megkezdése és folytatása legalább a természetes menopauza idejéig mindenképpen szükséges. Az alábbiakban a terápia és az alternatív kezelési lehetőségek cardiovascularis vonatkozásait foglaljuk össze.
Májbetegségek a háziorvosi gyakorlatban – mikor gondoljunk rá?
Authors: Schuller János
Published: February 2024

Az elmúlt évtizedekben robbanásszerűen fejlődött a hepatológia. Egyre több betegség etiológiája, patomechanizmusa vált ismertté és így a májbetegségek többségében már hatásos kezelésre van lehetőség. Ez a fejlődés óriási felelősséget ró a gyógyító orvosra, hiszen többé-kevésbé minden orvosnak tudnia kell, melyek a gyógyítás lehetőségei a nem a saját szakterületébe tartozó kórképekben. Más szóval: a pontos etiológiai diagnózis felállítása fontos, mert a legtöbb esetben annak terápiás konzekvenciája van. Cikkünkben áttekintjük, melyek azok a tünetek és leletek, amelyek fel kell, hogy keltsék a májbetegség gyanúját, valamint összefoglaljuk a legfontosabb májbetegségek prognózisát és terápiáját.
A rozuvasztatin/acetilszalicilsav fix kombináció helye a mindennapi gyakorlatban
Authors: Simonyi Gábor
Published: February 2024

A cardiovascularis betegségek hazánk vezető haláloki tényezői, ugyanakkor a megelőzhető és a kezelhető betegségeknél is jelentős arányban képviseltetik magukat. A cardiovascularis betegségek szekunder prevenciójában kiemelkedő szerepet játszanak a statinok és az acetilszalicilsav (ASA). Alkalmazási területeik szélesek, ugyanakkor a szekunder prevencióban számos közös cardiovascularis betegségben javasoltak. Az acetilszalicilsav-statin kombinációk közül ASA/rozuvasztatin kombináció mérsékelte legkifejezettebben – a többi statinhoz képest – a cardiovascularis betegségek kockázatát. Más vizsgálatok pedig a fix gyógyszer-kombinációk előnyeit emelték ki a cardiovascularis kockázatcsökkentésben. Egy új, hazai fix kombináció, amely az ASA/rozuvasztatin fix kombinációját tartalmazza, kiemelkedő helyet vívhat ki magának a cardiovascularis betegségek szekunder prevenciójában.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS POWER POINT PADA MATERI S HIDROKARBON UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI SMA
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Agustina Sry , Wiraningtyas Agrippina , Annafi Nurfidianty
Published: February 2024

Media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis powert point merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran yang yang memanfaatkan kecanggihan teknolgi, yang bisa digunakan guru untuk menyampaikan pesan dan merangsang prosesb belajar peserta didik dari pengirim ke penerima, meliputi pikiran, perasaan, minat, perhatian peserta didik untuk memperlancar proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis powert point untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa SMA Negeri 1 Monta pada materi hidrokarbon yang layak dan dapat diterima baik oleh guru. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu Research and Developmen (R & D) dengan model 3D yang merupakan penyederhanaan model 4D dari Thiagarajan. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari tahap Define, Design, dan Develop. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui lembar validasi. Analisis data hasil validasi ini dihitung menggunakan rumus skala likert untuk menguji validitas produk media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis powert point. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil penilaian dari validator I dengan nilai rata-rata 80,5%, validator II dengan nilai rata- rata 75% dan dari validator III 80,5% rata –rata yang didapatkan oleh ketiga validator yaitu 82,5% dikategorikan sangat layak.hasil penelitian diperoleh Media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis powert point untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa yang telah teruji kelayakannya berdasarkan validasi dari ketiga ahli.
Sintering Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Dispersed-Reinforced Fe-TaC Composites Produced by High Energy Ball Milling
Authors: Park Bum-Soon , Lee Jeong-Han , Park Jae-Cheol , Hong Sung-Kil , Park Hyun-Kuk
Published: February 2024

In this study, a high-melting point element, tantalum carbide (TaC) was added to improve the mechanical properties and the oxidation/corrosion resistance of Fe. The Fe-TaC composites were synthesized by high energy ball milling for the mechanical alloying of the non-equilibrium phase (Fe-Ta) and the homogeneous dispersion of TaC. Fe-TaC composite samples were fabricated using 5, 10, and 20 wt.% TaC. The ductile particles (Fe) got harden and the brittle particles (TaC) were uniformly dispersed, while facilitating short-range diffusion in the ductile matrix by the high energy ball milling method. Spark plasma sintering was performed at a sintering temperature of 850 oC and pressure of 60 MPa. As the TaC contents increased, the sintering exponential (m) increased. A higher ‘m’ value indicates a lower magnitude of shrinkage, by decreasing the lattice and grain boundary (G/B) diffusion path between the pores and particles. The hardness increased from 128.9±10.4 to 444.2±20.6 kg/mm2 as the grain size decreased from 5.13 to 3.99 μm. This enhancement is attributed to the Hall-Petch relationship and dispersion strengthening effect. The mechanical properties of the sintered bodies were studied to evaluate how the different TaC content affect their characteristics. In addition, oxidation resistance increased with increasing TaC contents. It was considered that the local oxidation resistance based on the formation of an oxide layer of TaO and Fe2O3.
Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiAl/HI-TEMP 820/ SCM440H Materials Manufactured through Vacuum Brazing according to Process Temperature
Authors: Yoo Sang-Kyu , Kim Ji-Won , Lee Cho-Long , Oh Myung-Hoon , Choi In-Chul
Published: February 2024

The TiAl alloy is attracting attention as a lightweight and heat-resistant material, because of its high specific strength, excellent high-temperature formability, and fatigue strength. However, its applications are limited by its high unit price and low room temperature ductility. To overcome this issue, dissimilarly bonded materials have been extensively employed. This involves joining a brittle metal to a low-cost metal that possesses excellent plasticity, using various dissimilar bonding techniques. In this study, TiAl/HI-TEMP 820/SCM440H materials were fabricated using a vacuum brazing process under different temperature conditions. After the brazing process, the microstructure of the interfacial area revealed seven distinct layers resulting from chemical reactions between the base metals and the filler metal. These reaction layers consisted of a Ni solid solution, intermetallic compounds (Ti3Al, TiNi2Al, Ti2Ni, FeNi), and borides (CrB, TiB2, FeB). To analyze the effect of brazing temperature on the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties at the interface of TiAl/HI-TEMP 820/SCM440H materials, conventional uniaxial tests and nanoindentation tests were performed. The measured nanohardness exhibited a significantly large distribution for each reaction layer, with the highest hardness values observed in the intermetallic compounds and borides layers. Additionally, room temperature tensile tests confirmed that fractures initiated in the highhardness and brittle intermetallic compounds and borides layers.
Relic or Messiah? (1930–1940)
Authors: Malgrati Paul
Published: February 2024

Chapter 3 describes contradictions between partisan politics and avant-garde literature in the treatment of Rober Burns’s memory throughout the 1930s. Whilst Scottish radicals and avant-garde writers had converged after the Great War in reaction to Burnsian jingoism, the iconoclastic, controversial turn of the 1920s ‘Renaissance’ movement clashed with partisan ambitions to co-opt Burns’s popular memory. On the one hand, 1930s Scottish novelists including Lewis Grassic Gibbon, George Blake, and Eric Linklater, building on MacDiarmid’s work, described Burns’s poetry as an old-fashioned relic of pre-industrial times. On the other, new political groups, from communists to nationalists and fascists, laid claim to the Scottish electorate by praising Burns as a key ideological precursor.
Indigenous Dreams and Kailyard Politics: Burns after Empire (1960–1979)
Authors: Malgrati Paul
Published: February 2024

This section opens in the wake of decolonisation during the 1960s, as a new generation of ‘Folk Revivalists’ turned Burns into a counter-cultural, post-colonial hero of Scottish indigenousness. Combined with the rise of the SNP in Scottish politics, this nationalistic approach to the poet fostered a slow but significant shift in mainstream public discourse, evident, for instance, in the patriotic rhetoric of the Labour Party in the run-up to the 1979 referendum on Scottish devolution. Exclusive interviews, conducted with ex-Labour politician Jim Sillars and journalist Fiona Ross (daughter of Labour Burnsian figurehead, William Ross), refine our analysis in this section.
Epilogue: A Poetic Constitution
Authors: Malgrati Paul
Published: February 2024

The conclusion of the book offers a fresh overview of Burns’s afterlife, stressing key shifts in his political reception since the Victorian era. From Great War jingoism to 1940s socialism and contemporary nationalism, this final section highlights the increasing (and ongoing) conflation of Burns’s legacy with constitutional issues. Certainly, Burns remains a major symbol of Scottish identity, used by various political groupings wishing to impose their vision of Scottishness. Yet, more crucially, since the 1960s, ‘Scotland’s National Bard’ has been turned into a constitutional poet—an icon used not only to define the identity of a stateless nation but, more markedly, to advocate or oppose the creation of a Scottish nation-state. This trend is evident in Scottish politic, from the SNP to the Conservative party. It is also blatant in contemporary literature, where avant-garde scepticism about Burnsian authority still coexists with bardic postures, brandishing Scottish identity in hope of home-rule. Despite attempts by some poets, including ‘makars’ Liz Lochhead, Jackie Kay, and Kathleen Jamie, to query Burns’s myth through the lens of gender and race, Scotland’s constitutional obsession has become the central feature of the bard’s political afterlife in the twenty-first century.
Isu Perpanjangan Masa Jabatan Presiden Tiga Periode di Media Massa terhadap Sikap Publik
Authors: Radita Gora  , Aladdin Yuri Alfrin
Published: February 2024

The issue of extending the President's term of office to three terms has become very strong along with the issue of postponing the 2024 Election circulating in the community, which has then invited controversy in society and also massive coverage in the mass media, including hot discussions on social media. The media has a big role to influence public attitudes. So, through the Inoculation theory, we attempt to examine explanatively the issue of extending the presidential term of office in the media on public attitudes using a quantitative approach. Based on the research results, it shows that there is an influence between the issue of extending the President's term of office and postponing the 2024 Election on public attitudes which show disapproval of these two issues. The public believes that extending the presidential term of office and postponing elections is a violation of the constitution and also creates a sense of distrust among respondents towards the current government. Apart from that, respondents also linked the two issues circulating in the mass media and online media to the interests of IKN and also considered that the government was not functioning well in accordance with the mandate of the constitution.
Características de una clase inclusiva en estudiantes con Síndrome de Asperger de una escuela primaria de Puebla, México
Authors: Elías Segura Omar Alexis , Cuaya Cuaya Lizeth
Published: February 2024

En el ambiente educativo existen diferentes aspectos y determinaciones que se requieren atender en la formación humana, para ello la presente investigación se enfocó en las  características de una clase inclusiva donde se propicien aprendizajes en estudiantes con Síndrome de Asperger, para este estudio la metodología que se utilizó fue cualitativa descriptiva, empleando como herramienta de recolección de información una entrevista, la cual fue aplicada a docentes de una escuela primaria inclusiva que tuvieron un acercamiento con estudiantes que presentan este trastorno. De acuerdo a los resultados que se obtuvieron en la investigación, se entendió que dentro de las características de una clase inclusiva se encuentran el ajuste curricular, la comprensión de las necesidades de los alumnos que presentan la necesidad educativa y de todo el grupo en general, ya que las estrategias o técnicas deben de ser aptas para todos los alumnos y que se trabaje en conjunto con los estudiantes con Síndrome de Asperger, el rol del docente es ser guía y acompañar a todos los alumnos sin excluir a nadie.
Función simbólica verbal en la infancia. Evidencias de una muestra de niños de zonas urbanas de Argentina.
Authors: Germano Guadalupe , Maly Luciana , Rodríguez-Ares Lola , Fernández-Cid Hernán Gerardo
Published: February 2024

La capacidad de representar objetos ausentes mediante el uso de signos y símbolos, de acuerdo con la edad y el entorno sociocultural, se conoce como función simbólica. Adquirir esta capacidad desempeña un papel fundamental en el desarrollo cognitivo y en la resolución de los desafíos característicos de cada etapa del crecimiento. Se llevó a cabo un estudio empírico para investigar el nivel de adquisición de la función simbólica verbal en niños de áreas urbanas de Buenos Aires, Argentina, con el objetivo de describirla en detalle y conocer las posibles diferencias según el género y la edad. El diseño del estudio fue no experimental, de tipo transversal, con enfoque descriptivo y correlacional, y se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico (N=52; edad promedio= 6.31 años, DE= 2.07; 52% varones). Entre los resultados principales, se encontró que, tal como se había hipotetizado, la capacidad simbólica aumenta a medida que los niños crecen. Además, los niños obtuvieron puntuaciones medias más altas que las niñas. Por último, mediante un análisis de regresión logística, se demostró que la edad fue una variable explicativa de la función simbólica, mientras que el género no. Es de notar que solo cuatro niños completaron la prueba de función simbólica sin cometer errores y obtuvieron la puntuación máxima. Estos hallazgos indican que no se puede asumir que los niños adquieren automáticamente la función simbólica verbal al pasar la etapa del jardín de infantes o al cumplir seis años o más. Se lleva a cabo una discusión de los resultados a la luz de la teoría socio histórico cultural.
HALITOSIS IN CHILDREN- A REVIEW
Authors: Shetty Raksha , Bhat Sham , Hegde Sundeep , Bhat Vidya , Sunny Shanai
Published: February 2024

Halitosis is a bad breath emanating from the oral cavity and may be due to oral or non-oral sources. It is one of the important factors in social communication; hence the origin of concern not only for a possible health condition but also for frequent psychological alterations leading to social and personal isolation. Halitosis is common in children and occurs due to many reasons like allergies, cold, chronic sinusitis, dietary pattern, large tonsils, dental caries, periodontal disease, poor oral hygiene. This article provides a review about aetiologic classification, diagnosis and management of halitosis along with a series of recommendations which will help in elimination of bad breath in children.

Key Words: Halitosis,volatile Sulphur compound, malodor
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PRIMARY STABILITY, INSERTION TORQUE, IMPLANT BONE CONTACT IN OSSEODENSIFICATION AND CONVENTIONAL OSTEOTOMY-A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Kachi Pooja , Jagtap Amit , Swarup Siddharth , Shah Sanika
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Conventional osteotomy is asubtractive technique as for implant placement bone tissue is cut and removedfrom the implant site. However, implant stability (primary)is widely altered asfrom the bed of the implant,bone is removed. Osseodensification is a non-subtractive technique, which acts in a non-cutting mode. They can be used in a clockwise direction for cutting which enhances implant stability, improves implant bone contact or in a counter-clockwise direction for non-cutting,which smoothly condenses the bone.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare primary stability, insertion torque, implant bone contact in osseodensification and conventional osteotomy.

DATA SOURCES:Data was searched through the database, Pub Med and Ebscohost published between 1st January 2013 and 31st October 2019. Literature search strategy was developed using keywords related to primary stability in conventional osteotomy and osseodesification.

STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: The comprehensive data search was performed in Pub Med and Ebscohost. While carrying out the search through Pub Med, the filters were put for the dates of publication as from 1st January 2013 till 31st October 2019. Language restrictions were put. Studies included in English language were selected. No filters for study design or full text articles were set. The keywords for search were decided by reviewing the literature. The search strategy used in PubMed and Ebscohost for searching articles was osseodensification AND conventional osteotomy AND osseodensification,primary stability AND conventional osteotomy, primary stability AND osseodensification, implant bone contact AND conventional osteotomy, implant bone contact AND osseodensification, insertion torque AND conventional osteotomy, insertion torque AND osseodensification (implant stability OR primary stability) AND (implant bone contact OR implant to contact).

RESULTS: A total of 129 articles were identified through electronic database searching. After duplicate removal, and full text reading, 6 articles qualified for qualitative synthesis in this systematic review.

LIMITATIONS :This review had the following limitations:-
1. As all the databases were not open access, the inclusion of the study articles was less.
2. Unpublished data was not included in this review.
3. Not all the studies provided baseline and end scores so those studies were excluded from the calculation of statistical and clinical significance.

CONCLUSION :The success of implant depends on primary stability of implant. Out of all studies that were evaluated few stated that osseodensification improved primary stability and increased implant bone contact. Osseodensifications have higher insertion torque compared to conventional osteotomy.

Key Words : Conventional osteotomy, Osseodensification, Densah burs,
Primary stability, Insertion torque, Implant-bone contact
Efficacy of Ozone Oil in treating Chronic Periodontitis as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing as compared to Scaling and Root Planing alone
Authors: Shah Rohit , Chavan Rishi , Mitra Dipika , Prithyani Saurabh
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Ozone is a colourless gas form of oxygen and is present in the atmosphere. It effectively kills bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites at a lower concentration. It is a powerful oxidizer.
Ozone has been proposed as an alternative oral antiseptic in dentistry. There are many known actions of ozone on human body such as immunostimulating, analgesic, antihypoxic, detoxicating and antimicrobial properties.
Because of these Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory and Healing promoting factors of Ozone, it was conceptualized to be used in a dissolved form as Ozonated Olive Oil to treat patients suffering from Chronic Periodontitis.
Aim:
• To compare the clinical efficacy of local delivery of ozone oil as an adjunct to scaling and root planing versus scaling and root planing alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Study Design:

• The study was a split mouth study (Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial). In each recruited patient, teeth with probing pocket depth of 5mm to 7mm was allotted to either:
1. Group A - 15 Test sites (Treated with scaling and root planing + ozonated oil)
2. Group B - 15 Control sites (Treated with scaling and root planing only)

Results: Results were compiled and data analysed using SPSS software.

Conclusion:
This study helped evaluate the efficacy of ozonated olive oil as an adjunct (locally delivered drug) for non surgical treatment of Chronic periodontitis. Ozonated olive oil is effective and would add as a treatment medicament in our already expanding arsenal of locally delivered agents used for combating Chronic Periodontits.

Key Words
Chronic Periodontitis, Ozone, Ozonated olive oil, Non surgical periodontal therapy , Local drug delivery.
Immediate implant placement with simultaneous bone augmentation using guided bone regeneration in the anterior maxillary aesthetic zone: A retrospective study
Authors: Bhagol Amrish , V Ashwin , Singh Virendra
Published: February 2024

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the effect of membrane guided bone regeneration (MGBR) among two groups which underwent dental implant
placement with and without MGBR. Effects of vertical bone augmentation were analysed and compared, with particular attention to the health of the corresponding peri-implant hard and soft tissues.

Materials and Methods
In this retrospective clinical study, 57 dental implants were consecutively placed in 50 patients with deficient ridges requiring vertical bone augmentation, divided into two
group (Implant placement with and without MGBR). Both the groups were evaluated retrospectively after a period of functional loading varying from 12 to 29 months.

Results
All 57 implants were stable, with adequate secondary stability and osseointegration. In group A, The mean probing depth was 2.5 mm ranging from 1 to 4 mm (SD½ 1.34), in Group B the mean probing depth was 2.34 mm ranging from 1 to 4 mm (SD½1.17). The difference in probing depth were statistically non-significant (p>0.005).A comparison of the crestal bone level(CBL) values between group A (1.17mm) and group B (1.64mm)
revealed statistically significant difference at 12 month follow-up (p<0.005).

Summary and Conclusions
Within the limitations of the study, our results are in favour of suggesting that vertically regenerated bone with GBR techniques responds to implant placement like native, non-regenerated bone.

Key Words
Dental implant; Guided bone regeneration; crestal bone level.
INSIGHT INTO COVID-19: AN UPDATE ON DENTISTRY
Authors: V Kurien Vino Tito , Shamsuddeen Suhana
Published: February 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019, also known as COVID-19, has recently become a worldwide emergency. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it a global pandemic. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is found to be the pathogen responsible for this infection.

The spread of COVID-19 has raised major challenges for dentistry and medicine in the affected countries. Direct contact, droplet and aerosol transmissions are the possible routes of transmission of the infection. Many of the dental procedures generate droplets and aerosols resulting in increased risk of transmission of disease.

This review article highlights the COVID-19 pandemic and offers certain guidelines with recommendations on infection control and preventive measures. These measures will help to prevent the spread of the infection and further worsening of the current disease scenario.

KeyWords:Coid-19,Spread,Dentistry
Quality accreditation of dental clinics: Need of the hour (part 10)
Addressing requirements related to responsibilities of management
Authors: Dhule Manjusha
Published: February 2024

This is thetenth article in the series of articles ‘Quality Accreditation of Dental Clinics – Need of the Hour’. As described in the first article (Published in JIDA May 2020 issue) there are 10 chapters in NABH standards for Dental Healthcare Service Providers (DHSP). First chapter ‘Access, Assessment & Continuity of Care’ (AAC) is described in JIDA June 2020 Issue;Second chapter ‘Care Of Patients’ (COP) is described in JIDA July 2020 Issue.Third Chapter ‘Patient Rights & Education’ is described in JIDA August 2020 Issue.Fourth chapter is ‘Management of Dental MateriaMedica& Equipment’ described in JIDA September, October & November 2020 Issues. Fifth chapter ‘Infection Control’ explained in JIDA December 2020 Issue and the sixth chapter ‘Continuous Quality Improvement’ is explained in JIDA January 2021 Issue.

Addressing accreditation standards & implementing them in day-to-day practices is the primary objective in the preparation of DHSP for Accreditation.Responsibility of Management (ROM), the seventh chapter. The intent of this chapter is to provide information about ethical and responsible leadership.

The aim of this article is to provide a brief idea about the criteria required to fulfill in order to address requirements related to the seventh chapter of NABH, i.e.,Responsibility of Management (ROM).
________________________________________
KEY WORDS:
Quality Accreditations, Dental Clinics, NABH, Leadership, Management
Offerings for Foreign-Trained Dentists pursuing unrestricted licensure in the United States
Authors: Sharma Avni , Sharma Pranshu , Kadhium Viyan , Kaur Harleen , Nalliah Romesh
Published: February 2024

Background:While about 50% of applicants are accepted into dental schools, acceptance rates to Internationally Trained Dentist Programmes(ITDPs) are estimated to be about 2% making it one of the most competitive dental programmes in the United States.

Aim:This paper provides a structured review of dental school websites in order to document and distinguish training opportunities for foreign trained dentists that do and do not lead to unrestricted licensure in the United States (U.S.)

Materials and Methods: Three independent reviewers conducted a manual search of the US dental school website and a fourth served as arbiter. University of Michigan Medical School’s Committee on Human Research reviewed the study and deemed that no IRB oversight was necessary for this review.

Results: Only 40 US dental schools offered Internationally Trained Dentist Programmes (ITDPs) for foreign trained dentists. Additionally, there were 32 non-clinical, non- Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) accredited programmes that do not lead to licensure.

Conclusions: Our study found that less than 60% of dental schools offer an offered Internationally Trained Dentist Programme (ITDP) but several offer observerships/externships to foreign trained dentists that do not lead to licensure. Both of these programmes are costly and timely, therefore, schools with these programmes; observerships/externships should consider expanding the number of seats in their Internationally Trained Dentist Programme (ITDPs) or if they do not have an Internationally Trained Dentist Programme (ITDP) but offer an observerships/externship programme, then possibly creating one.

KeyWords: Academic recruitment; Professional student; Licensure and certification.
Quality accreditation of dental clinics: Need of the hour (part 11) Addressing requirements related to facility management and safety
Authors: Dhule-Bomble Manjusha
Published: February 2024

This is theeleventh article in the series of articles ‘Quality Accreditation of Dental Clinics – Need of the Hour’. As described in the first article (Published in JIDA May 2020 Issue) there are 10 chapters in NABH standards for Dental Healthcare Service Providers (DHSP). First chapter ‘Access, Assessment and Continuity of Care’ (AAC) is described in JIDA June 2020 issue;Second chapter ‘Care Of Patients’ (COP) is described in JIDA July 2020 Issue .Third Chapter ‘Patient Rights and Education’ is described in JIDA August 2020 Issue. Fourth chapter is ‘Management of Dental Materia Medica and Equipment’ described in JIDA September, October and November 2020 Issues. Fifth chapter ‘Infection Control’ explained in JIDA December 2020 Issue, Sixth chapter ‘Continuous Quality Improvement’ is explained in JIDA January 2021 Issue and seventh chapter is explained in JIDA February 2021 issue.

Addressing accreditation standards and implementing them in day-to-day practices is the primary objective in the preparation of DHSP for accreditation.‘Facility Management and Safety’ (FMS) is the eighth chapter. The intent of this chapter is to provide information about safety management in the environment and facilities of DHSP and planning for fire and non-fire emergencies.

The aim of this article is to provide brief idea about the criteria required to fulfill in order to address requirements related to the eighth chapter of NABH, i.e.,‘Facility Management and Safety’ (FMS).

KEY WORDS:
Quality Accreditations, Dental Clinics, NABH, Facility, Maintenance, Equipment management, safety, fire and non-fire emergencies
Effect of different tooth whitening systems in combination with buffering and antioxidant agents on the shear bond strength of composite resin – An invitro study
Authors: Chowdary Kommineni Harika , Nagesh Bolla , Sunil Ram , Potru Lakshmi Bhavani , Majety Krishna Sravika
Published: February 2024

Aim: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of tooth whitening systems on bond strength of composite resin.

Material and Methods:One hundred and twenty maxillary central incisors (n=120) were divided into two groups based on the tooth whitening procedure used. Group 1: Bleaching (Pola Office, USA), Group 2: Micro abrasion (Opalustre, Australia). The samples subdivided into three groups depending on the surface treatments. Group A: Control (no surface treatment), Group B: Buffering agent (Sodium bicarbonate), Group C: buffering agent followed by Antioxidant (Sodium ascorbate). After the surface treatments, the groups were further subdivided into two (I & II), based on the storage period in artificial saliva before the composite restoration.Composite resin was bonded to the labial surface of the teeth perpendicular to the long axis and the specimens were stored in artificial saliva for 24 hours. The samples were then subjected to shear bond strength test under the Universal testing machine.

Statistical analysis: The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using a two-way ANOVA test, independent t-test, and Tukeys multiple post hoc tests. The p value was set <0.05.

Results:The results obtained have shown that out of all the groups, Group 1 with CII showed higher bond strength and Group 1 with AI shower lower values of bond strength. Among the groups, all the groups surface treated with buffering agent and antioxidant showed higher values of bond strength than control and buffering agent groups. The delay in time period showed significant difference in Group 1 than in Group 2.

Conclusions: Within the limitations of the current study, bleaching and micro abrasion followed by surface treatment using buffering agent followed by antioxidant application showed improved bond strength than the other groups after bleaching.

Key Words: Bleaching, Microabrasion, Buffering agent, Antioxidant, Bond strength.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Knowledge and Attitudes among recent Dental Graduates: A cross sectional study
Authors: Shinde Jayesh , Mowade Tushar , Tekale Rahul , Radke Usha
Published: February 2024

Aim – To assess and compare obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) knowledge and attitudes among recent dental graduates.

Setting and design – cross sectional questionnaire-based study

Methods and materials - OSAKA questionnaire was used to assess and compare 2017, 2018, 2019 batch pass-out dental graduate’s knowledge and attitudes concerning the identification and management of patients with OSA.

Statistical analysis used - Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package F or Social Science (SPSS) version 21 for Windows (Armonk, NY: IBM corp). Data normality was checked by using Shapiro – Wilk test. Comparison of knowledge between 2017, 2018, 2019 batch pass out graduates was done using Chi square test. For attitude questions, level of significance (p value) was calculated by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA F test).

Result - We found that 2017 batch participants shows less knowledge less confidence in managing patients with OSA compare to 2018 and 2019 batch pass-outs.
Conclusion - With increasing the year of practice of dental professionals there is gradual decrease in knowledge and attitude towards treating and diagnosis patient with OSA. The addition of sleep medicine education to the current dental school curriculum, as well as a greater number of hours to sleep education could improve outcomes in patients with OSA.

Keywords – oral sleep apnea, dental graduates, knowledge, attitude.