bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Na+/K+-ATPase and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expressions in parenchymal and microenvironmental cells of canine mammary tumours
Authors: Ozmen Ozlem
Published: November 2022

The most common canine tumour is mammary tumour, which resembles breast cancer in humans. Microenvironment is a crucial factor in the formation of breast cancers. In order to distinguish between benign and malignant canine mammary tumours, this study looked at the immunohistochemical expression of Na+/K+-ATPase and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in tumour and microenvironmental cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 in canine mammary tumours and their relationship with malignancy. In this investigation, 10 normal breast tissues were used as controls, and 28 benign and 46 malignant mammary tumours were taken from the archives of the Department of Pathology. The findings showed that malignant tumours expressed more Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 than did normal breast tissue. Both markers had a negative or slight expression in benign tumours, whereas they considerably increased in malignant tumours. Both tumour parenchymal and microenvironmental cells in malignancies expressed Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2. Na+/K+-ATPase expression was observed to be more prominent in cells when compared to BMP-2. These findings also suggest that Na+/K+-ATPase and BMP-2 could be employed in the future to help diagnose canine and possibly human breast cancers earlier or as possible targets for treatment.
Brian Carwana – A Professor to the Public
Authors: Jacob Barrett
Published: November 2022

“The Profession” profiles scholars with a background in Religious Studies who have employed their training in compelling ways in, around, and outside of the academy. Brian Carwana works as the Executive Director of the Encounter World Religions Centre in Toronto, Canada. From working in venture capital, to studying to be a history teacher, to ultimately earning a PhD in Religious Studies from the University of Toronto, Carwana’s story shows how a non-traditional academic career path led to him being a non-traditional academic. Carwana leads groups of participants through content and theory classes, takes them to site visits across Toronto, and works to promote religious literacy through his programming.
Naming the Game
Authors: Vernoff Charles Elliot
Published: November 2022

In The Archive, we bring back some of our most provocative essays from yesteryear to see what lessons we might learn from them today. Given the shifting grounds on which defenses of the academic study of religion are being made—whether in the IAHR as discussed in The Interview or in the context of the contemporary U.S., a post-Carson v. Makin academy as discussed in The Editorial—we return to a 1983 piece by Charles Elliot Vernoff, originally published in the Council on the Study of Religion Bulletin 15.4, 109-112, where he traces the contours of the field in the early 1980s.
Strategically Implementing the “Z” (for Zoom)-Option in Graduate Education
Authors: Raschke Carl
Published: November 2022

The Department takes a look at how academic programs in our field adapt to the changing landscape of higher education. In this edition, Carl Raschke shares how and why the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Denver developed a remote option for their M.A. program. The “Z”- Option, as they call it, addresses social, cultural, and economic trends in U.S. universities with a forward-thinking and researched proposal that should be on your radar.
Critical Archaeology in the Digital Age: Proceedings of the 12th IEMA Visiting Scholar Conference. Edited by Kevin Garstki
Authors: MacDonald Iain
Published: November 2022

Critical Archaeology in the Digital Age: Proceedings of the 12th IEMA Visiting Scholar Conference. Edited by Kevin Garstki. 2022. 210 pp. Cotsen Digital Archaeology Series 2. UCLA Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, Los Angeles, CA. ISBN eBook: 978-1-950446-26-1 (open access), Paperback: 978-1-950445-30-8.
Conflict, Heritage and World-Making in the Chaco: War at the End of the Worlds? By Esther Breithoff
Authors: Zarankin Andres
Published: November 2022

Conflict, Heritage and World-Making in the Chaco: War at the End of the Worlds? By Esther Breithoff. 2020. UCL Press, London. ISBN eBook: 978-1-787358-06-5 (open access).
Systemic Functional Linguistics in Translation
Authors: Hoang Van Van
Published: November 2022

This article is concerned with my personal account of the process of translating into Vietnamese a world famous grammar book: An Introduction to Functional Grammar, Second Edition, written by world renowned scholar M. A. K. Halliday. The account of the translation process is placed within the compass of systemic functional linguistics. It is clear from my account that in translating An Introduction to Functional Grammar, Second Edition, the translator may experience many daunting problems, among which the problems of translating technical terms and long and heavily loaded nominal groups seem to be the toughest. It is also clear from my account that systemic functional linguistics is highly relevant to translation theory and translation practice. It can stand to benefit the translator from analysis of the source text, to discussion of translation problems, to explanation for establishment of points of equivalence between the choices in the target text and those in the source text, and to synthesis of the target text.
Power or Alpha? The Better Way of Decreasing the False Discovery Rate
Authors: Bartoš František , Maier Maximilian
Published: November 2022

The replication crisis in psychology has led to an increased concern regarding the false discovery rate (FDR) – the proportion of false positive findings among all significant findings. In this article, we compare two previously proposed solutions for decreasing the FDR: increasing statistical power and decreasing significance level α. First, we provide an intuitive explanation for α, power, and FDR to improve the understanding of these concepts. Second, we investigate the relationship between α and power. We show that for decreasing FDR, reducing α is more efficient than increasing power. We suggest that researchers interested in reducing the FDR should decrease α rather than increase power. By investigating the relative importance of both α level and power, we connect the literature on these topics and our results have implications for increasing the reproducibility of psychological science.
Digital business transformation organizational and economic problems of Russian enterprises and ways to solve them
Authors: Mozgovoy Aleksandr , Kuzina Galina , Krylov Aleksandr
Published: November 2022

In the digital economy conditions, further growth in the competitiveness of Russian enterprises depends on the success of their digital business transformation, without that the transition to a qualitatively different path of development is impossible. The purpose of the study is to identify organizational, economic, and digital business transformation problems of Russian enterprises and ways to solve them in the context of the transition to a digital economy. Research objectives: objective conditions analysis for digital transformation; control system diagnostic analysis, including the level of management processes automation; analysis of the organizational structure of Administration/Management, the companies personnel involvement degree, and the level of business processes development; analyze organizational culture and its capacity for digital transformation. The results obtained indicate that the most important obstacles to digital business transformation are: misunderstanding of the digitalization purpose, lack of competencies and knowledge, the internal resistance of employees and fear of change, lack of strategy, and lack of qualified specialists. To solve this problem, it is necessary to reconsider the vision of the company, consider the overall system, define targets, and present an example of the digital economy: organizational culture of the organization, organizational management structure, and business processes. In studies from the systems observation standpoint diagnostic analysis procedures, expert-analytical methods, methods for setting up a structural management system, procedures for functional and cost analysis, business process reengineering, building an organizational culture profile — Organizational culture assessment tool, guidelines for determining transformation figures in Russian enterprises. The research methodology also includes observation, conducting surveys, and interviewing experts.
Retrospective of the sanction regime in the framework of trade and economic cooperation between Russia and the European Union
Authors: Malikhin Alexander
Published: November 2022

Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the European Union is due to the potential of economic ties and the high complementarity of economies in the field of energy exchange, telecommunication systems for mineral fertilizers, however, in the crisis conditions (2008) and the sanctions regime (2014 and at present), trade cooperation is undergoing some changes.
It is important to note that the above crisis points had an impact on the trade and economic relations of partners, but did not destroy the definitive supply chains of energy resources from Russia to the countries of the European Union and light industry goods and food products from the European Union to Russia.
It is also worth paying attention to the deep mutual partnership between Russia and the countries of the European Union in the field of investment cooperation. Direct foreign investments from Russia to the countries of the European Union account for about 93 % of the total volume of direct foreign investments directed from Russia, and from the European Union to Russia — 70 %.
At first glance, the current sanctions regime should have significantly weakened trade and economic relations between Russia and the European Union, however, today, Germany and Italy are the suppliers with the greatest potential for exporting all products to Russia along with China (largely due to high demand on the Russian market).
Despite the high elaboration of the problem, this topic is relevant, because, firstly, the Russian Federation and the European Union are in close partnership, and secondly, the foreign economic cooperation of the partner countries is complicated by political and economic factors that are relevant to the world community. Thus, the study of these problems and the search for solutions are the most relevant in modern conditions.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE PROTEÍNAS QUE PERMITAN DISTINGUIR SUJETOS CON Y SIN ESTOMATITIS AFTOSA RECURRENTE
Authors: Pérez Angela Paz Vergara , Martínez César Ándres Rivera , Ayala Paola  Andrea Camargo
Published: November 2022

La estomatitis aftosa recurrente es la enfermedad más común de la mucosa oral. Actualmente las alternativas terapéuticas son sólo paliativas y limitadas, debido a la escasa comprensión del proceso etiopatogénico. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar proteínas que permitan distinguir entre grupos de sujetos con y sin estomatitis aftosa recurrente, para comprender los procesos que controlan los estados de salud y enfermedad. En este estudio de casos y controles, evaluamos mediante proteómica basada en espectrometría de masas la saliva de controles sanos y pacientes con estomatitis aftosa recurrente durante la presencia y ausencia de lesiones. Cuantificamos las proteínas, utilizando los recuentos espectrales informados por PEAKS Studio X+, y preparamos una base de datos utilizando SPSS. Determinamos las proteínas expresadas diferencialmente entre los grupos con el software Perseus mediante un análisis de ANOVA y un agrupamiento jerárquico. La proteína factor de transcripción dependiente de AMP cíclico salival ATF-6 beta (ATF6B), destaca con un mejor perfil de clasificación, por lo que su presencia permite distinguir entre la presencia y ausencia de lesiones ulcerosas en pacientes con y sin estomatitis aftosa recurrente. Nuestro análisis reveló que ATF6B está relacionada con la respuesta al estrés del retículo endoplásmico en los queratinocitos orales. Desde una perspectiva clínica, sugerimos que esta proteína está relacionada con varios procesos biológicos principalmente referentes con una respuesta anti-muerte celular, determinada por el estrés del retículo endoplásmico que podría ser la causa del daño que resulta en la liberación de este marcador al medio oral.
MICROMECHANICAL ESTIMATES FOR THE EFFECTIVE PERMEABILITY OF 2D POROUS MATERIALS WITH ARBITRARILY SHAPED PORES
Authors: Tran A.-T. , Le-Quang Hung , He Q.-C. , Nguyen D.-H.
Published: November 2022

The present work aims to determine the effective permeability of two-dimensional (2D) porous materials consisting of an isotropic permeable solid matrix in which arbitrarily shaped pores are embedded. The interfaces between the solid phase and pores are characterized by the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman conditions. To achieve the objective, by combining the complex variable method with the conformal mapping technique, we first solve the fundamental coupled Darcy-Stokes problem concerning the fluid flow in an infinite permeable solid containing a pore of arbitrary shape and undergoing a remote uniform pressure gradient. Next, with the help of this solution, each fluid-filled pore is replaced with an equivalent permeable inclusion whose permeability is determined. Finally, the dilute distribution, Mori-Tanaka, and differential schemes of micromechanics are applied to obtain estimates for the effective permeability of 2D composites with pores of different shapes. These estimates are compared with the relevant numerical results provided by the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM). In particular, the dependence of the effective permeability on the pore shapes is discussed.
Reading Russian poetry: An expert–novice study
Authors: Fokin Danil , Blohm Stefan , Riekhakainen Elena
Published: November 2022

Studying the role of expertise in poetry reading, we hypothesized that poets’ expert knowledge comprises genre-appropriate reading- and comprehension strategies that are reflected in distinct patterns of reading behavior.
We recorded eye movements while two groups of native speakers (n=10 each) read selected Russian poetry: an expert group of professional poets who read poetry daily, and a control group of novices who read poetry less than once a month. We conducted mixed-effects regression analyses to test for effects of group on first-fixation durations, first-pass gaze durations, and total reading times per word while controlling for lexical- and text variables.
First-fixation durations exclusively reflected lexical features, and total reading times reflected both lexical- and text variables; only first-pass gaze durations were additionally modulated by readers’ level of expertise. Whereas gaze durations of novice readers became faster as they progressed through the poems, and differed between line-final words and non-final ones, poets retained a steady pace of first-pass reading throughout the poems and within verse lines. Additionally, poets’ gaze durations were less sensitive to word length.
We conclude that readers’ level of expertise modulates the way they read poetry. Our findings support theories of literary comprehension that assume distinct processing modes which emerge from prior experience with literary texts.
Silent versus reading out loud modes: An eye-tracking study
Authors: Smyrnakis Ioannis , Andreadakis Vassilios , Rina Andriani , Bοufachrentin Nadia , Aslanides Ioannis
Published: November 2022

The main purpose of this study is to compare the silent and loud reading ability of typical and dyslexic readers, using eye-tracking technology to monitor the reading process. The participants (156 students of normal intelligence) were first divided into three groups based on their school grade, and each subgroup was then further separated into typical readers and students diagnosed with dyslexia. The students read the same text twice, one time silently and one time out loud. Various eye-tracking parameters were calculated for both types of reading. In general, the performance of the typical students was better for both modes of reading - regardless of age. In the older age groups, typical readers performed better at silent reading. The dyslexic readers in all age groups performed better at reading out loud. However, this was less prominent in secondary and upper secondary dyslexics, reflecting a slow shift towards silent reading mode as they age. Our results confirm that the eye-tracking parameters of dyslexics improve with age in both silent and loud reading, and their reading preference shifts slowly towards silent reading. Typical readers, before 4th grade do not show a clear reading mode preference, however, after that age they develop a clear preference for silent reading.
Review on eye-hand span in sight-reading of music
Authors: Perra Joris , Poulin-Charronnat Bénédicte , Baccino Thierry , Drai-Zerbib Véronique
Published: November 2022

In a sight-reading task, the position of the eyes on the score is generally further ahead than the note being produced by the instrument. This anticipation allows musicians to identify the upcoming notes and possible difficulties and to plan their gestures accordingly. The eye-hand span (EHS) corresponds to this offset between the eye and the hand and measures the distance or latency between an eye fixation on the score and the production of the note on the instrument. While EHS is mostly quite short, the variation in its size can depend on multiple factors. EHS increases in line with the musician's expertise level, diminishes as a function of the complexity of the score and can vary depending on the context in which it is played. By summarizing the main factors that affect EHS and the methodologies used in this field of study, the present review of the literature highlights the fact that a) to ensure effective sight reading, the EHS must be adaptable and optimized in size (neither too long not too short), with the best sight readers exhibiting a high level of perceptual flexibility in adapting their span to the complexity of the score; b) it is important to interpret EHS in the light of the specificities of the score, given that it varies so much both within and between scores; and c) the flexibility of EHS can be a good indicator of the perceptual and cognitive capacities of musicians, showing that a musician's gaze can be attracted early by a complexity in a still distant part of the score. These various points are discussed in the light of the literature on music-reading expertise. Promising avenues of research using the eye tracking method are proposed in order to further our knowledge of the construction of an expertise that requires multisensory integration.
Effects of word length and word frequency among dyslexic, ADHD-I and typical readers
Authors: Pereira Norberto , Costa Maria Armanda , Guerreiro Manuela
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to investigate the neuropsycholinguistic functioning of children with Developmental Dyslexia (DD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder – inattentive subtype (ADHD-I) in a reading task. The psycholinguistic profile of both groups was assessed using a battery of neuropsychological and linguistic tests and compared to typical readers. Participants were submitted to a silent reading task with lexical manipulation of the text. Eye movements were recorded and compared aiming to find cognitive processes involved in reading that could help differentiate groups. The study examined whether word-frequency and word-length effects distinguish between groups. Participants included 19 typical readers, 21 children diagnosed with ADHD-I and 19 children with DD. All participants were attending 4th grade and had a mean age of 9.08 years. Children with DD and ADHD-I exhibited significant different cognitive and linguistic profiles on almost all measures evaluated when compared to typical readers. The effects of word length and word frequency interaction also differed significantly in the 3 experimental groups. The results support the multiple cognitive deficits theory. While the shared deficits support the evidence of a phonological disorder present in both conditions, the specific ones corroborate the hypothesis of an oculomotor dysfunction in DD and a visuo-spatial attention dysfunction in ADHD.
New device for taking nine-directional ocular photographs: “9Gaze” application
Authors: Goseki Toshiaki , Kunimi Keiko , Shioya Naoko , Iijima Yuka , Sebe Manami , Hosoya Karin , Fukaya Kyo
Published: November 2022

This study compared the time required to produce nine-directional ocular photographs using the conventional method to that using the newly devised 9Gaze application. In total, 20 healthy adults, 10 adult patients with strabismus, and 10 pediatric patients with amblyopia or strabismus had their ocular photographs taken using a digital camera with PowerPoint 2010, and with an iPad, and iPod touch with 9Gaze. Photographs of 10 healthy patients were taken by orthoptists with <1 year of experience, and the other participants had theirs taken by those with >1 year of experience. The required time was compared between the three devices in all patients and the two orthoptist groups in 20 healthy adults (>1 year and <1 year of experience). The required times were significantly different between the devices: 515.5 ± 187.0 sec with the digital camera, 117.4 ± 17.8 sec with the iPad, and 76.3 ± 14.1 sec with the iPod touch. The required time with the digital camera was significantly different between the two orthoptist groups (404.7 ± 150.8 vs. 626.3 ± 154.2 sec, P=0.007).  The use of the 9Gaze application shortened the recording time required. Furthermore, 9Gaze can be used without considering the years of experience of the examiner.
Non-goal driven eye movement after a visual search task
Authors: Takemoto Ayumi , Nakazawa Atsushi , Kumada Takatsune
Published: November 2022

We investigated the functions and mechanisms of non-goal-driven eye movements, which are defined as eye movements induced when looking at visual stimuli on a display without engaging in a specific task or looking at a display without any visual stimuli or tasks. In our experiment, participants were asked to perform a visual search task on a display, which was followed by a rest period in which stimuli remained on the display or all stimuli were erased. During the rest period, the participants were asked to only look at the displays without engaging in any visual or cognitive tasks. We mainly analyzed the gaze-shift patterns in both task and rest periods, in which eye movements were classified in accordance with the angles of saccade directions in two consecutive saccades. The results indicate a significant difference between goal-driven eye movements, which were observed in the task period, and non-goal-driven eye movements, which were observed in the rest period. Scanning gaze-shift patterns dominated the task period, and backward and corrective-saccade-like gaze-shift patterns dominated the rest period. The gaze-shift pattern was affected by the task-difficulty during the task period. From these findings, we propose a model describing the oculomotor system in terms of goal-driven and non-goal-driven eye movements. In this model, the engagement levels of top-down and bottom-up control change along with task difficulty and are affected by the gaze-shift patterns during a visual search task. Decoupling of top-down control from the oculomotor system during a rest period induces backward saccades, resulting in fixation around the central part of a display. Therefore, we suggest that non-goal-driven eye movements play a crucial role in maintaining the readiness of the oculomotor system for the next search task.
Eye movements in mild traumatic brain injury: Clinical challenges
Authors: McDonald Matthew A. , Danesh-Meyer Helen V , Holdsworth Samantha
Published: November 2022

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also known as concussion, is a common injury which affects patients of all demographics. There is a global effort to accurately diagnose and identify patients at highest risk of prolonged symptom burden to facilitate appropriate rehabilitation efforts. Underreporting is common with large numbers not engaging with services, in addition to differences in treatment outcomes according to ethnicity, age, and gender. As patients recover, symptomology evolves which challenges rehabilitative efforts with no clear definition of ‘recovered’. This review describes key areas in mTBI such as diagnostic challenges, epidemiology, prognosis, and pathophysiology which serves as an introduction to “Eye Movements in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Ocular Biomarkers.”
Eye movements in mild traumatic brain injury: Ocular biomarkers
Authors: McDonald Matthew A. , Danesh-Meyer Helen V , Holdsworth Samantha
Published: November 2022

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI, or concussion), results from direct and indirect trauma to the head (i.e. a closed injury of transmitted forces), with or without loss of consciousness. The current method of diagnosis is largely based on symptom assessment and clinical history. There is an urgent need to identify an objective biomarker which can not only detect injury, but inform prognosis and recovery. Ocular motor impairment is argued to be ubiquitous across mTBI subtypes and may serve as a valuable clinical biomarker with the recent advent of more affordable and portable eye tracking technology. Many groups have positively correlated the degree of ocular motor impairment to symptom severity with a minority attempting to validate these findings with diffusion tract imaging and functional MRI. However, numerous methodological issues limit the interpretation of results, preventing any singular ocular biomarker from prevailing. This review will comprehensively describe the anatomical susceptibility, clinical measurement, and current eye tracking literature surrounding saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibulo-ocular reflex, vergence, pupillary light reflex, and accommodation in mTBI.
A meta-analysis on the effect of expertise on eye movements during music reading
Authors: Perra Joris , Latimier Alice , Poulin-Charronnat Bénédicte , Baccino Thierry , Drai-Zerbib Véronique
Published: November 2022

The current meta-analysis was conducted on 12 studies comparing the eye movements of expert versus non-expert musicians and attempted to determine which eye movement measures are expertise dependent during music reading. The total dataset of 61 comparisons was divided into four subsets, each concerning one eye-movement variable (i.e., fixation duration, number of fixations, saccade amplitude, and gaze duration). We used a variance estimation method to aggregate the effect sizes. The results support the robust finding of reduced fixation duration in expert musicians (Subset 1, g = -0.72). Due to low statistical power because of limited effect sizes, the results on the number of fixations, saccade amplitude, and gaze duration were not reliable. We conducted meta-regression analyses to determine potential moderators of the effect of expertise on eye movements (i.e., definition of experimental groups, type of musical task performed, type of musical material used or tempo control). Moderator analyses did not yield any reliable results. The need for consistency in the experimental methodology is discussed.
*The first two authors equally contributed to the first authorship
Eye movements during reading and their relationship to reading assessment outcomes in Swedish elementary school children
Authors: Strandberg Andrea , Nilsson Mattias , Östberg Per , Öqvist Seimyr Gustaf
Published: November 2022

The characteristics of children’s eye movements during reading change as they gradually become better readers. However, few eye tracking studies have investigated children’s reading and reading development and little is known about the relationship between reading-related eye movement measures and reading assessment outcomes. We recorded and analyzed three basic eye movement measures in an ecologically valid eye-tracking set-up. The participants were Swedish children (n = 2876) who were recorded in their normal school environment. The relationship between eye movements and reading assessment outcomes was analyzed in using linear mixed effects models. We found similar age-related changes in eye movement characteristics as established in previous studies, and that eye movements seem to correlate with reading outcome measures. Additionally, our results show that eye movements predict the results on several tests from a word reading assess- ment. Hence eye tracking may potentially be a useful tool in assessing reading development.
Hidden semi-Markov models to segment reading phases from eye movements
Authors: Olivier Brice , Guérin-Dugué Anne , Durand Jean-Baptiste
Published: November 2022

Our objective is to analyze scanpaths acquired through participants achieving a reading task aiming at answering a binary question: Is the text related or not to some given target topic? We propose a data-driven method based on hidden semi-Markov chains to segment scanpaths into phases deduced from the model states, which are shown to represent different cognitive strategies: normal reading, fast reading, information search, and slow confirmation. These phases were confirmed using different external covariates, among which semantic information extracted from texts. Analyses highlighted some strong preference of specific participants for specific strategies and more globally, large individual variability in eye-movement characteristics, as accounted for by random effects. As a perspective, the possibility of improving reading models by accounting for possible heterogeneity sources during reading is discussed.
Incorporation of prior knowledge and habits while solving anagrams
Authors: Murray Jesse , Sutter Andrew , Lobifaro Angelia , Cousens Graham , Kouh Minjoon
Published: November 2022

Games and puzzles provide a valuable context for examining human problem- solving behavior. We recorded and analyzed the sequence of letters viewed by the participants of our study while they were solving anagram puzzles. The goal was to examine and understand how people's linguistic habits and prior knowledge influenced their eye movements. The main findings of this study are: (1) People's stereotypical habit of scanning (e.g., adjacent or top viewing) strongly influences their solution-seeking behavior. (2) People tend to incorpo- rate their prior knowledge of letter statistics in a reasonable way, such as looking less frequently at letter combinations that are uncommon in the English lan- guage. Therefore, it was found that people’s prior.
Valoración de servicios ambientales por captura de CO2 en un ecosistema de bosque seco tropical en el municipio de El Carmen de Bolívar, Colombia
Authors: Zuluaga Zuluaga Liliana , Castro Escobar Edisson Stiven
Published: November 2022

Este trabajo de investigación analiza la estructura del ecosistema de bosque seco tropical en siete segmentos estudiados en el municipio de El Carmen de Bolívar, Colombia. Se tiene como objetivo estimar la captura de carbono en el compartimiento fustal, para luego calcular el valor monetario de los servicios ambientales de almacenamiento de CO2. La valoración se realizó utilizando una base de datos construida a partir de un muestreo de árboles por transectos; esto permitió establecer los tipos de especies, densidad, altura comercial y el diámetro a la altura del pecho de la madera. Finalmente se calculó mediante estas variables, el stock de biomasa aérea a través de tres modelos de estimación alométrica. En los resultados se evidencian impactos de origen antropogénico en el bosque, aunque aún hay un número importante de especies nativas; sin embargo estas son principalmente caducifolias, lo que reduce el stock de captura de CO2 debido a los ciclos de defoliación natural. A pesar de esto el ecosistema es un sumidero importante de carbono.
La memoria biocultural de la Etnia Sáliba, resguardo el suspiro, municipio de Orocué, Casanare
Authors: Quintero Corredor Cindy Pamela , Monje Carvajal Jhon Jairo
Published: November 2022

Este documento contiene resultados de una investigación con la etnia sáliba del resguardo El Suspiro en Orocué, Casanare, orientada a generar elementos para la recuperación de su memoria biocultural. La metodología usó herramientas de la investigación acción participativa para tener acceso a una aproximación más ajustada de su cultura, espiritualidad y producción agrícola en gran parte erosionadas en la memoria colectiva de sus integrantes, principalmente por momentos y elementos de la modernidad en contacto con las comunidades no indígenas de la zona. Se usaron acercamientos vivenciales con inmersión por largos períodos en la comunidad y participación de actividades festivas, de producción, de espiritualidad y de cotidianidad para ayudar a tener una percepción más ajustada de su realidad y apoyar los resultados de la investigación.
The impact of heavy periods on women with a bleeding disorder
Authors: Sugg Nicola , Morgan Debra
Published: November 2022

Background

Women with a bleeding disorder (WBD), including those diagnosed as a carrier, often have heavy periods associated with prolonged bleeding and pain. This survey sought to describe the impact of this substantial burden on daily living and the personal cost of managing heavy periods.

Methods

An online survey was promoted to women who identify as having a bleeding disorder via the social media of The Haemophilia Society in January and February 2020. The survey included 20 questions about personal data, symptoms and the practicalities of living with a bleeding disorder.

Results

A total of 181 responses were received, of which 151 were complete questionnaires. Of these, 58% of respondents were aged 18–45 and 136 identified as having a bleeding disorder, mostly haemophilia or von Willebrand disease. Thirteen (10%) had been diagnosed as a haemophilia carrier and a further four women were probable carriers. Prolonged or painful periods were reported by the majority of respondents; the median duration of bleeding was 7 days (range 2–42). Thirty-six per cent took time off work or study as a result and 42% reported a negative impact on social life. Eighteen women (13%) reported having to use a combination of sanitary protection products to manage their bleeding. Women diagnosed as a carrier reported morbidity comparable with that of women with a diagnosed bleeding disorder and reported greater use of combinations of sanitary protection.

Conclusion

WBD experience a high prevalence of heavy bleeding and prolonged, painful periods despite using appropriate symptomatic treatment. The impact of heavy periods on women diagnosed as a being a carrier is comparable with that experienced by women with a diagnosed bleeding disorder, but as they are not always clinically recognised they may lack access to care and support.
Atenção à saúde da população em situação de rua no Brasil: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Jesus Alicia Almeida da Silva , Lisboa Milena Silva
Published: November 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: A população em situação de rua, caracterizada como grupo populacional heterogêneo que possui em comum a pobreza extrema, é um público com a maioria dos direitos humanos violados, entre os quais destacamos o frágil acesso à saúde pública. Pensando nisso, esse estudo tem como objetivo compreender como a literatura cientifica aborda os cuidados à população em situação de rua ofertados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, conhecer as estratégias de cuidado utilizados e refletir sobre o funcionamento da relação entre a população de rua e a rede de saúde. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, realizada a partir da análise da produção científica na área da saúde, publicada no banco de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde entre os anos de 2000 e 2019, tendo como critérios de inclusão os artigos em português, completos e disponíveis online, publicados em periódicos brasileiros. RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram divididos em três categorias (Dimensões organizativas do cuidado, Dispositivos de cuidado e Determinantes sociais) e oito subcategorias (Acesso à saúde, Políticas públicas, Intersetorialidade e Rede, Estratégias de cuidado e Estratégias norteadoras, saúde-doença e exclusão social). CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível observar que, dentre as políticas públicas direcionadas aos cuidados da população em situação de rua, a que mais se mostra eficaz e satisfatória é o Consultório na Rua, apresentando como estratégias norteadoras o vínculo entre a população e as equipes de saúde, a redução de danos e atividades educativas. Contudo, ainda é necessário a efetivação de políticas públicas com a atenção voltada às necessidades específicas da população em questão.
Youth perspectives on community health in Nunavik: a community-engaged photovoice project
Authors: Pawlowski Madeleine , Riva Mylene , Fletcher Christopher , Lyonnais Marie-Claude , Arsenault-Hudon David
Published: November 2022

Objective

The overall objective of this study was to elicit understandings of community health among Inuit youth aged 12–18 in the region of Nunavik, northern Quebec, through identifying community conditions supporting health from their perspective and exploring how they conceptualize a healthy community.

Methods

In January and February 2020, 51 secondary students from three communities participated in a 1-week participatory photovoice activity during regular class time. Youth participated in three different sessions dedicated to the ethics of taking photographs, taking photos in the community, and group discussions of photographs. Discussions were analyzed via thematic analysis and validated with the youth in the fall of 2020.

Results

Twelve key community conditions supporting health were identified: family, food, culture, language, sense of community belonging, land, housing, services, community, connection, caring and somewhere to go. The youth understood a healthy community to be a place where “nothing was broken” and where community conditions supporting health could be visualized like the rocks in an inuksuk, a stone cairn used by Inuit for wayfinding on the tundra landscape. Participants chose the human form of inuksuk which has become widespread in northern and southern Canadian popular culture.

Conclusion

Findings from this study serve to confirm and strengthen existing models of Inuit health while also raising fresh perspectives and concepts relevant to the younger generation. Images and words of the youth identified in this study may be important in designing effective health promotion strategies that are accessible and relevant to younger generations, thus responding to an important research, programmatic and policy gap.
Mini-cases of professional-inspired activities in e-learning platforms: An experience for the formative assessment
Authors: Tortajada-Geanro Luis Antonio
Published: November 2022

The formative assessment is a strategy that allows students to be aware of the state of their learning and to establish ways to correct the identified deficiencies; at the same time, it provides information to the instructor about those issues where misunderstandings occur. In the present study, we study its application to the solving of problems in university subject of scientific field. The activity involved short extension cases, coming from professional situations combined to self-learning tasks and supported on e-learning platform (Sakai software). The methodology was designed to achieve deep learning and a continuous evaluation of the process, not only the final product. The evidences collected (student’s documents, interviews and smartphone-based surveys) informed about the impact of the presented approach. The participants positively valued the initiative against the more traditional methodologies. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that students can actively participate in the learning-oriented assessment, maintaining the guarantees of the educational process, mainly suitable for large classes, limited schedule or on-line classes.
First experience of total body irradiation in conditioning regimes for allogenic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Dinikina Yu. V. , Mikhailov A. V. , Rusina M. A. , Smirnova A. Yu. , Vorob’ov N. A. , Kataev N. A. , Kubasov A. V.
Published: November 2022

Background. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective treatment method of refractory and recurrent forms of acute leukemia in children, while the question of choosing a conditioning regimen in order to achieve the best treatment results remains debatable. Conditioning based on total body irradiation (TbI) was confirmed to be most effective in some trials, but there are still issues of overcoming early and late toxicity, as well   as difficulties in planning and routing patients.Aim. To share the experience of interdisciplinary patient management during the conditioning period with TbI inclusion in Saint petersburg, to evaluate the feasibility, toxicity and effectiveness of the method.Materials and methods. patients undergoing allo-HSCT for high risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia conditioned either with TbI (n = 12) or chemotherapy (n = 10) were included. Medical data were retrospectively analyzed with an assessment of the following transplant outcomes: HSCT-associated toxicity, the frequency and severity of infectious complications, graft versus host disease, as well as overall and event-free survival rates. we have evaluated radiotherapy plans in order to assess the compliance of radiation exposure with acceptable values for critical organs.Results. All patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in both groups received appropriate myeloablative conditioning. According to the study results, despite the lack of significance, we obtained differences in HSCT-associated mortality (8.3 and 30 %; p = 0.151), 2-years overall and event-free survival (66 ± 13.6 and 36 ± 16.1 %; p = 0.122) in group with TbI and HdCT respectively. It should be noted that there was a trend towards a decrease of toxic reactions frequency in case of TbI-containing regimens; however we didn’t reveal any significant differences in the number of infectious complications during post-transplant period. The median follow-up was 24.2 months and there were no signs of delayed toxicity.Conclusion. TbI-based conditioning was well tolerated with a low incidence of early and delayed toxicity, better overall and event-free survival. based on feasibility of TbI in Saint petersburg hospitals it is possible to recommend the method in routine practice, taking into account clinical indications.
Identification of behavioral disorders using the Achenbach questionnaire in children with tumors of the posterior cranial fossa after completion of special treatment (pilot research)
Authors: Kasatkin V. N. , Borodina I. D. , Deviaterikova A. A. , Malykh S. B. , Karelin A. F.
Published: November 2022

Background. The increase in life expectancy of children who survived cancer leads to new tasks for doctors, psychologists and rehabilitation specialists to assessing the consequences of the experienced disease and its treatment. The most common disorders in children who have survived oncological diseases are behavioral disorders, a decrease in mood background, as well as chronic fatigue.Aim. To identify predictors of behavioral disorders in children who have survived central nervous system oncological diseases.Materials and methods. The study involved 52 children with central nervous system tumors aged 6 to 17 years. The median time after completion of therapy in this group of patients was 18 (3–117) months.Results. As a result of the study, it was shown that such treatment parameters as the degree of tumor malignancy and the radiation therapy volume are associated with behavioral disorders in children who have survived cancer. In such children, a reduced mood background was revealed, and the older the child, the higher the probability of a reduced mood background. A reduced mood background is also associated with the use of vincristine preparation. Children who have a residual tumor are more likely to complain of unpleasant sensations in the body. All children, despite the specifics of their treatment, complain of constant fatigue, which affects their daily activity.Conclusion. Thus, factors that are associated with behavioral disorders in children who have survived oncological diseases in the central nervous system were identified.
Management of patients with immune thrombocytopenia in the Moscow region
Authors: Zakharov S. G. , Mitina T. A. , Vardanyan R. V. , Kontievskiy I. N. , Faenko A. P. , Tekeeva Z. R.
Published: November 2022

Background. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITp) is an autoimmune disease characterized by antibody-mediated platelets destruction and impairment of their production, which manifests itself as: isolated thrombocytopenia, risk of spontaneous hemorrhage and bleeding of varying severity. ITp is a hematological, orphan disease with an incidence of 1–4 cases per 100,000 population. In modern literature, primary and secondary immune thrombocytopenias are distinguished. primary immune thrombocytopenia is a diagnosis of exclusion. To verify it, a certain diagnostic search is required.Aim. To evaluate clinical characteristics and treatment efficacy in patients with a confirmed primary immune thrombocytopenia in the Moscow region.Materials and methods. This article presents the results of an analysis of more than 2,400 outpatient records of patients diagnosed with thrombocytopenia (for the period from 2010 to 2022). Of these, about 400 confirmed clinical cases of various ITp forms were included in the ITp registry of the Moscow Region. All patients live in the Moscow region, receive treatment and are observed at the Center for Orphan diseases of the M.f. vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute.Results. There are 415 patients with a verified diagnosis of ITp in the register of the Moscow Region Center for Orphan diseases of the M.f. vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute (71 % (n = 294) are female). In 69.8 % (n = 290) of patients at the time of disease manifestation, hemorrhagic syndrome was recorded. As a first-line therapy, 92.8 % (n = 385) of patients received corticosteroids (prednisolone, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone), in the second-line therapy, 82 % (n = 340) of patients were recommended therapy with thrombopoietin receptor agonists (romiplostim, eltrombopag). The options for third-line therapy in patients with ITp are rituximab monotherapy, splenectomy, and intravenous immunoglobulin. Splenectomy was performed in 3.37 % (n = 14) of patients.Conclusion. when evaluating this register, the highest efficiency of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (romiplostim, eltrombopag) is observed – 84.1 % of the objective response.