bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Time beneath the Concrete
Authors: Abourahme Nasser
Published: February 2025

In The Time beneath the Concrete, Nasser Abourahme argues that settler colonialism is always as much an attempt to conquer time as it is to conquer land. Taking as his primary object Palestinian refugee camps, created in the fallout of the eliminatory violence of Israel’s founding, Abourahme shows how these camps become the primary place where settler colonial attempts to dominate space and time encounter Indigenous refusal. Seen from the camps, Israel becomes a settler colonial project defined by its inability to move past the past—a project stuck at its foundational moment of conquest. At the same time, the Palestinian insistence on return is a refusal to abide by the closure of the past into settler futurity. Palestinian struggle does not just happen in the open time of dispossession; it happens over this time. That struggle, Abourahme demonstrates, is a form of anticolonial refusal that draws its power not from any decisive finality, but precisely from irresolution and keeping time open.

Duke University Press Scholars of Color First Book Award
Exploring thermal tolerance across time and space in a tropical bivalve, Pinctada margaritifera
Authors: Lugue K. , Monaco C. J. , Vigouroux E. , Sham Koua M. , Vidal-Dupiol J. , Mitta G. , Le Luyer J.
Published: February 2025

Ectotherm's vulnerability to climate change is predicted to increase with temperature variation. Still, translating laboratory observations of organisms’ heat-stress responses to the natural fluctuating environment remains challenging. In this study, we used an integrative framework combining insights from the Thermal Death Time (TDT) curves and physiological reaction norms, to precisely capture Pinctada margaritifera’s thermal performance and tolerance landsape. We then applied this integrative model to predict individuals’ cummulative heat injury as a function of actual temperature conditions documented at five contrasting islands across French Polynesia. Substantial injury was predicted for spats (ranging from 30.24 to 29.62%) when exposed to eight consecutive extreme low tide events in Nuku Hiva. Overall, this study highlights the potential of this framework to effectively quantify the impacts of extreme events, such as marine heatwaves, and to guide resource management initiatives.
Joint Associations of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents
Authors: Suárez-Reyes Mónica , Beyl Robbie A. , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Staiano Amanda E.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This study aims to explore the joint associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 309 participants (10-16 years old). Measurements included accelerometer-measured MVPA and ST, anthropometrics, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors. MVPA and ST were categorized as high or low based on median values (MVPA 27.7 min/day, ST 597.7 min/day). General Linear Models assessed associations of MVPA and ST with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors, adjusted for covariates.

Results

We observed significant inverse associations between MVPA and adiposity measures. Thus, participants in the Low MVPA category, compared to those in the High category, had higher BMI (2.23 units), z-BMI (0.43 units), waist circumference (6.1 cm), fat mass (4.6 kg), body fat (3.9%) and visceral fat (0.13 L), indicating that higher MVPA is linked to healthier body composition. No significant associations were found between ST and adiposity. MVPA was also negatively associated with some cardiometabolic risk factors, whereas ST showed no significant associations.

Conclusions

This study highlights the need to prioritize increasing MVPA among adolescents to support healthy body composition and improve cardiometabolic health. Although ST did not show significant associations, it remains important to limit sedentary behaviors due to their potential contribution to negative health outcomes later in life.
The Accumulation of Performance Fatigue and Perceptual Responses across Consecutive High-Intensity Interval and Constant-Load Cycling Sessions
Authors: Zhang Jenny , MacDougall Keenan B. , McClean Zachary J. , MacIntosh Brian R. , MacInnis Martin J. , Aboodarda Saied Jalal
Published: February 2025

Introduction

In numerous sport and occupational settings, individuals often need to perform multiple exercise sessions in one day or across consecutive days, yet performance and perceptual responses to such exercise paradigms are unclear. PURPOSE: This study investigated performance fatigue and perceptual responses to repeated, consecutive sessions of high-intensity interval (HIIT) and constant-work rate (CWR) cycling bouts performed within 24 hours.

Methods

Seventeen healthy adults (nine females, aged 25 ± 6 years) exercised in the morning, same afternoon, and following morning. Sessions consisted of work- and duration-matched HIIT (2 min at 80% peak power output (PPO) interspersed by 2 min at 25% PPO) and CWR cycling (38 min at 54% PPO). A time-to-task failure (TTF) trial at 80% PPO was completed followed both morning sessions. Neuromuscular assessments, including isometric knee extension maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) coupled with superimposed and potentiated (Qtw) twitches, elicited via electrical stimuli to the femoral nerve, were performed before and after workouts, and after the TTF. Blood lactate and perceptual responses were also measured.

Results

TTF trials were longer following CWR than HIIT (P < 0.001). Across consecutive sessions, voluntary activation remained depressed, and this was accompanied by progressive impairments in cycling TTF following CWR (P = 0.006). Conversely, MVC and Qtw returned to baseline values by the beginning of each HIIT and CWR session. Perceived effort and dyspnea were higher in HIIT but were not exacerbated across sessions.

Conclusions

While declined voluntary and evoked force-generating capacities did not persist in this study, consecutive exercise could compromise the recovery of voluntary activation and endurance performance.
Σχέση Θεωρίας του Νου και Μεταγνώσης κατά την προσχολική και σχολική ηλικία
Authors: Οικονομάκου Δήμητρα
Published: February 2025

Η Θεωρία του Νου (ΘτΝ) και η μεταγνώση συνιστούν δύο ιδιαίτερα δημοφιλή ερευνητικά πεδία τα οποία εστιάζουν στην «ανάπτυξη της γνώσης και της νόησης των παιδιών για τα νοητικά φαινόμενα» (Flavel, 2002, σ. 106). Ως ΘτΝ ορίζεται η ενημερότητα του ατόμου για τις νοητικές καταστάσεις των άλλων (π.χ., πεποιθήσεις, προθέσεις, συναισθήματα). Ως μεταγνώση ορίζεται η επίγνωση του ατόμου για τις γνωστικές διεργασίες του εαυτού, καθώς και η ικανότητα παρακολούθησης και ελέγχου αυτών των διεργασιών. Κατά τη διάρκεια των τελευταίων δεκαετιών, πλήθος ερευνών έχουν εξετάσει μεμονωμένα την ανάπτυξη της ΘτΝ και της μεταγνώσης, καθώς και τη σχέση τους με άλλες γνωστικές λειτουργίες όπως οι εκτελεστικές λειτουργίες και η γλώσσα. Ωστόσο, παρά την κοινή αναφορά ΘτΝ και μεταγνώσης στην ενημερότητα των νοητικών φαινομένων, η αναπτυξιακή τους διασύνδεση δεν έχει μελετηθεί εκτενώς. Η έλλειψη επαρκών εμπειρικών δεδομένων και τα αντιφατικά αποτελέσματα ερευνών έχουν διαμορφώσει μια θεωρητική και ερευνητική ασάφεια. Η παρούσα διατριβή, εστιάζοντας σε διαφορετικές πτυχές της ΘτΝ (Ικανότητα Απόδοσης Ψευδών Πεποιθήσεων, Κατανόηση Σχέσης Αντίληψης και Γνώσης), της μεταγνώσης (Μεταγνωστική Παρακολούθηση, Μεταγλωσσική Ενημερότητα), των εκτελεστικών λειτουργιών (Ικανότητα Αναστολής, Εναλλαγής, Εργαζόμενης Μνήμης, Ταχύτητας Επεξεργασίας) και στη γλώσσα, στοχεύει, όχι μόνο στη μελέτη της αναπτυξιακής τους πορείας, αλλά κυρίως στη διερεύνηση της σχέσης ΘτΝ και μεταγνώσης, καθώς και στον έλεγχο του διαμεσολαβητικού ρόλου των εκτελεστικών λειτουργιών και της γλώσσας στη σχέση αυτή. Τέλος, σημαντικός στόχος της διατριβής συνιστά η μελέτη της επίδρασης της ηλικίας στις δυναμικές σχέσεις των μεταβλητών. Ένα σύνολο 213 μαθητών/τριών, ηλικίας 4 έως 9 ετών, εξετάστηκε ατομικά, με έργα αξιολόγησης των επιμέρους πτυχών της ΘτΝ, της μεταγνώσης, των εκτελεστικών λειτουργιών και της γλώσσας. Μια σειρά αναλύσεων διακύμανσης, Επιβεβαιωτικών Παραγοντικών Αναλύσεων, μοντέλων ρύθμισης και διαμεσολάβησης εφαρμόστηκε στα δεδομένα και ανέδειξε την ύπαρξη αμφίδρομης σχέσης της ΘτΝ και της μεταγνώσης, και, ταυτόχρονα, τον διαμεσολαβητικό ρόλο των εκτελεστικών λειτουργιών και της γλώσσας. Ωστόσο, η αμφίδρομη αυτή σχέση αφορά σε διαφορετικές πτυχές των δύο ικανοτήτων κατά τη διάρκεια επιμέρους ηλικιακών φάσεων. Κατ’ αναλογία, διαφορετικές εκτελεστικές λειτουργίες αναδεικνύονται ως διαμεσολαβητικές μεταβλητές στις διαφορετικές ηλικίες. Τα ευρήματα παρέχουν μία σαφή εικόνα για την αναπτυξιακή διασύνδεση των επιμέρους πτυχών της ΘτΝ και της μεταγνώσης. Οι θεωρητικές προεκτάσεις της διατριβής και τα αποτελέσματα συζητούνται εκτενώς αναδεικνύοντας την ανάγκη για αλλαγές στον τρόπο διερεύνησης της ανάπτυξης της ενημερότητας του νου.
Αριθμητικές μέθοδοι σε σύγχρονες υπολογιστικές αρχιτεκτονικές για προβλήματα πολλαπλών χωρίων
Authors: Βιλανάκης Νικόλαος
Published: February 2025

Τα προβλήματα πολλαπλών χωρίων συναντώνται σε πολλά επιστημονικά πεδία και απαιτούν εξελιγμένα μαθηματικά μοντέλα και υπολογιστικές μεθόδους για να ερμηνεύσουν φυσικά φαινόμενα. Στη γεωφυσική, ένα βασικό πρόβλημα είναι η εξερεύνηση του υπεδάφους με εφαρμογή ηλεκτρομαγνητικών πεδίων. Με τη χρήση ηλεκτρομαγνητικών μεθόδων διασκόπησης επιχειρείται η ανάλυση του υπεδάφους και ο εντοπισμός γεωλογικών σχηματισμών υψηλού ενδιαφέροντος. Η διαδικασία επί του πεδίου, περιλαμβάνει την εκπομπή πρωτεύοντος ηλεκτρομαγνητικού πεδίου υπό σταθερή συχνότητα στο χώρο από κατάλληλη συσκευή πομπού-δέκτη, το οποίο αλληλεπιδρά με υλικά του υπεδάφους με διαφορετικές φυσικές ιδιότητες, όπως η ειδική ηλεκτρική αγωγιμότητα, και την καταγραφή της απόκρισης, του δευτερεύοντος πεδίου. Οι μετρήσεις στο πεδίο και η ανάλυση του δευτερεύοντος πεδίου συνεισφέρουν στην διαδοχική προσαρμογή και βελτίωση ενός (αρχικά υποθετικού) μοντέλου γης σε άλλο θεμελιώδες κομμάτι της διαδικασίας, στην επίλυση του ευθέος προβλήματος. Η μαθηματική προσέγγιση στο ευθύ πρόβλημα βασίζεται στις εξισώσεις του Maxwell, που περιγράφουν τη σχέση του ηλεκτρικού και μαγνητικού πεδίου, ο συνδυασμός των οποίων, με σκοπό την αποσύνδεση των πεδίων, οδηγεί σε μια διαφορική εξίσωση, τύπου Helmholtz, αυτής της έντασης του ηλεκτρικού πεδίου. Η επίλυση αυτής της εξίσωσης με στόχο την προσέγγιση της έντασης του ηλεκτρικού πεδίου σε μοντέλα τριών διαστάσεων με ανομοιογενή υλικά είναι αφενός υπολογιστικά απαιτητική λόγω της πολυπλοκότητας του προβλήματος, αφετέρου επιβάλλεται να είναι ακριβής. Η μελέτη παρουσιάζει έναν νέο επιλυτή για αυτή την εξίσωση που χρησιμοποιεί ένα συμπαγές -τέταρτης τάξης ακρίβειας- αριθμητικό σχήμα πεπερασμένων διαφορών σε κλιμακωτό πλέγμα, προσεγγίζοντας τις συνιστώσες της έντασης του ηλεκτρικού πεδίου στο πεδίο των συχνοτήτων σε υπολογιστικό μοντέλο ημιχώρου τριών διαστάσεων. Για την επίλυση του παραγόμενου από τη διακριτοποίηση κύριου γραμμικού συστήματος χρησιμοποιούνται συνδυαστικά μέθοδοι όπως η ευσταθειοποιημένη μέθοδος δισυζυγών κλίσεων, η μέθοδος αναγωγής μονών-ζυγών κ.α. Ο επιλυτής είναι σχεδιασμένος ώστε να υλοποιείται σε πολυπύρηνα υπολογιστικά συστήματα και παράλληλες αρχιτεκτονικές με χρήση του προτύπου OpenMP με περιορισμένες απαιτήσεις σε μνήμη ενώ η επέκταση του υλοποιείται σε αρχιτεκτονικές πλέγματος για την παραγωγή προσεγγίσεων με πολλαπλές θέσεις πομπού. Στα αποτελέσματα παρουσιάζεται πλήθος δοκιμών όπου χρησιμοποιήθηκαν διαφορετικά ύψη πομπού και διαφορετικές τιμές ηλεκτρικής αγωγιμότητας υπεδάφους του ημιχώρου.
Higher-Order Logical Reasoning in Preschool Children: Evidence from Intonation and Quantifier Scope
Authors: Sauerland Uli , Sugawara Ayaka , Yatsushiro Kazuko
Published: February 2025

Background Logical reasoning in young children is difficult to ascertain experimentally even for single propositional operators. We present a novel argument that four- and five-year old children are capable of reasoning with complex representations containing multiple logical operators. Methods The argument is based on an interaction between sentence interpretation and intonation. This interaction depends on the computation of logical inferences between the sentence uttered and possible alternative utterances containing proportional generalized quantifiers, and how adults arrive at different interpretations is well understood. The account that explains the interaction predicts that a specific intonation will disambiguate scopal interpretation in sentences with a negation and a universal quantifier, but not in sentences involving two quantifiers. Results We show that preschool children speaking German are sensitive to the interaction between logical scope of expressions and intonation in the same way as adult speakers. Conclusion This result entails that preschool children can carry out logical reasoning within a higher order logic.
The genome sequence of a cluster fly, Pollenia griseotomentosa (Jacentkovský, 1944)
Authors: Sivell Olga , Mitchell Ryan , Falk Steven ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   University of Oxford Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2025

We present a genome assembly from an individual Pollenia griseotomentosa (cluster fly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Polleniidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,046.30 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.57%) is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.23 kilobases in length.
Contemporary security threats in Africa
Authors: Trifunovic Darko
Published: February 2025

The analysis of potential and actual security threats and challenges leads us to the conclusion that Africa is one of the most endangered continents. Constant confrontations, wars, internal political crises, local and international terrorism, organized crime, illegal trade, and other threats on the one hand and, on the other hand, an inadequate response from both individual states and the international community. Is Africa, a continent rich in ores and minerals as well as other possibilities, a training ground for the dominance of superpowers? Are internal instabilities mainly caused by external influences to ensure puppet governments that do not care about the interests of the state and society they represent, but about theinterests of the former and current colonial powers? Analysis of threats and risks from one side is only half the job. The second half is the presence of elements of the National Security System of each country, which must work on prevention, and elimination of the consequences of the actions of the bearers of security threats, as well as on the suppression of the bearers themselves. For the successful functioning of the National Security System, it is necessary to develop a “System” of education in the field of Security Studies based on Security Science.
Escalation of the Iran-Israel conflict
Authors: Gotteland Mathieu
Published: February 2025

Like the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the conflict between Israel and Iran-supported Hamas, has had a tremendous impact on the continent.
As the war lasted and both sides showed a blatant disregard for international law, international humanitarian law and human rights, African response has been sterner and more entrenched.
The bombing of Iran's consulate in Damascus and lack of condemnation thereof, combined with Iran's retaliation against Israel, usually described as both bold and restrained, will likely play in Iran's favour while encouraging anti-westernism.
Both Israel and Palestine have been counting their allies. That ambiguity ceased to be tenable has played against Israel, and will continue to do so. Until now, only Cameroon, DRC, Morocco, the Seychelles, and vulnerable/dependent countries such as South Sudan and Malawi have been firmly standing with Israel. Pressure will now intensify on Israel's allies and supports.
Meanwhile, countries that had unofficial relations with Israel (Libya, Mauritania, Somalia) desisted, except for Sudan. Algeria, Namibia and South Africa led the charge against Israel at the ICJ and the UNSC.
That war was already an opportunity for Iran to launch a wide diplomatic offensive through Africa, including improved relations with Algeria and South Africa. Djibouti and Sudan reestablished diplomatic relations, while talks are ongoing with Somalia. Relations are at an all time high with the new Sahel States Alliance. Iran will find her diplomatic offensive on the continent still easier to lead.
Meanwhile, the rekindling of support for the Palestinian cause and Israel's appalling conduct in Gaza have greatly strengthened and emboldened terrorist groups throughout Africa. Somalia's PM speech praising Hamas had decided some within the federal army to defect in favour of Al Shabaab.
Finally, disruptions in the Red Sea are more likely than ever to subside and disrupt trade for all African states bordering it, from Egypt to Somalia.
The tussle over foreign naval bases on the Eastern African coast will also grow more fierce. It is however unlikely at this time that Sudan will either fully normalize relations with Israel or fully side with Iran by granting it a naval base.
All these trends, that grew stronger by the day as the war in Gaza lasted and intensified and as the ICJ has pointed to a plausible genocide against Palestinians in the Gaza strip, will only amplify as Hamas-backer Iran and Israel are likely to keep striking each other directly - or even escalate the conflict into a full-blown war.
State in North Africa after the Arab Uprisings, by Luiz Martinez
Authors: Szabó Zsolt
Published: February 2025

There is no abstract, because its a book review.
Cybercrime and dark web in Africa
Authors: Gulyás Attila
Published: February 2025

The widespread availability of smart devices and internet access has radically transformed the continent’s cybersecurity landscape. However, this sudden technological change was not accompanied by the development of a robust cybersecurity infrastructure. State actors, economic operators, and the population were unprepared for the risks associated with new technology. Criminals have taken advantage of this situation, resulting in various types of cyberattacks against actors in economic life, state institutions, critical infrastructures, and the population. The author hypothesized that there is a correlation between cybercrime rates and dark web usage in African countries. To test this hypothesis, quantitative data was collected on internet penetration, cybercrime statistics, and dark web usage.
The analysis of the collected data confirmed the hypothesis that there is a correlation between a country's use of the dark web and the severity of cybercrime.
The Absence of Durable Solutions, The Presence of Local Solutions in Protracted Refugee Situations. The Case Study of Uganda’s Approach to Hosting Refugees
Authors: Opono Samuel , Ahimbisibwe Frank , Twinamasiko Specioza
Published: February 2025

The numbers of refugees have been increasing annually, engendering protracted refugee situations in the developing countries hosting refugees, yet with very minimal implementation of durable solutions. This intrigues the question of whether the approach of local solutions that empower protracted refugees to become resilient and self-reliant, can become a viable option to durable solutions especially in poor African countries such as Uganda? We use secondary literature and primary data collected from South Sudanese refugees in Uganda to answer this question. We argue that in the absence of granting or minimally granting refugees any of the three conventional durable solutions of repatriation, local integration and resettlement; the approach of local solutions can become an important but temporary (although long term) alternative for refugees to live relatively comfortable lives. However, this approach has to be holistically embraced and supported by various stakeholders, including the national government, local governments, international community, donors, and various nongovernmental organizations, to overcome the accompanying challenges and for the approach to succeed in empowering refugees to become resilient and self-reliant for a long time in their first asylum country and live a life outside camps or designated settlements, as they wait for any of the conventional durable solutions.
External Intervention in the Ethiopia-Tigray Conflict and Its Implications on Conflict Resolution and Political Stability
Authors: Ezugwu Olileanya Amuche , Duruji Moses
Published: February 2025

The Ethiopia-Tigray conflict unleashed devastating consequences on the Horn of Africa sub-region, entailing widespread humanitarian suffering and security concerns. Through a comprehensive analysis of historical, political, and socio-economic factors, this paper investigates the impact of external intervention on either exacerbating or resolving the conflict. Drawing on primary and secondary sources, including interviews, scholarly articles, and reports, this paper examines the various forms of external intervention employed during the course of the Tigray conflict. By critically assessing the effectiveness and limitations of these interventions, we provide valuable insights into their role in shaping the trajectory of the conflict. Based on the findings, this paper concludes that external intervention in the Tigray conflict has had mixed results. While certain interventions have contributed to de-escalation and the provision of humanitarian assistance, others have inadvertently fuelled tensions and perpetuated the conflict. In light of these findings, this paper recommends prioritising diplomatic efforts that include dialogue and negotiation processes, taking into account the legitimate concerns and grievances of all parties involved.
Późnogotycka rzeźba Madonny z Dzieciątkiem z kręgu Wita Stwosza w świetle badań fizyko-chemicznych
Authors: Labut Maria , Klisińska-Kopacz Anna , Walczak Marek , Krupska-Wolas Paulina , Kopyciak Aldona , Skóra Karolina , Obarzanowski Michał , Wilkosz Tomasz , Ryguła Anna , Del Hoyo-Meléndez Julio M
Published: February 2025

Obiektem badań była rzeźba z drewna lipowego przedstawiająca Madonnę z Dzieciątkiem (120 × 55 × 38 cm) pochodząca z klasztoru Dominikanów w Krakowie. Figura została wykonana w pierwszej ćwierci XVI wieku przez rzeźbiarza znającego dzieła powstałe w warsztacie Wita Stwosza w Norymberdze, na co wskazuje charakterystyczny dla dzieł tego mistrza układ szat. Badania historyczne sugerują, że figura Madonny z Dzieciątkiem pierwotnie była obiektem indywidualnego kultu, prawdopodobnie wisiała swobodnie pośrodku kościoła. Rzeźba nie przetrwała w swej pierwotnej formie, na przestrzeni stuleci ulegała licznym przekształceniom. Prawdopodobnie w XIX wieku zmieniono jej funkcję, umieszczając ją na drewnianej podstawie jako feretron do noszenia w procesjach. Renowacje obejmowały przemalowania karnacji i ponowne złocenie szat wraz z lokalnymi zmianami w drewnianej formie. Znaczna grubość wtórnie nałożonych gruntów oraz niska wartość artystyczna nieoryginalnej polichromii zniekształciły późnogotycki charakter rzeźby. W wyniku prac konserwatorskich odsłonięto częściowo zachowane karnacje oraz szczątkowo zachowaną polichromię szat. Zabytek został poddany analizom fizyko-chemicznym, dzięki czemu zidentyfikowano wtórne i pierwotnie zastosowane materiały. Badania wizualne z udziałem radiografii cyfrowej oraz obserwacja mikroskopowa przekrojów pozwoliły na określenie stratygrafii obiektu. Przekroje poprzeczne badano za pomocą skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej połączonej ze spektroskopią rentgenowską z dyspersją energii (SEM-EDS). Warstwy malarskie analizowano przy użyciu spektrometrii fluorescencji mikro-rentgenowskiej (XRF). Do identyfikacji związków organicznych obecnych w podłożu i warstwach farby wykorzystano spektroskopię w podczerwieni z transformacją Fouriera (FTIR). Uzyskane wyniki prac konserwatorskich i badawczych uzupełniły aktualny stan wiedzy o rzeźbie i praktykach warsztatowych początku XVI wieku.
The Link Between Gut Microbiota and Depression: Exploring the Correlation
Authors: Juśkiewicz Adam , Grelewicz Olga , Kucy Natalia , Servaas Elwira , Haber Mateusz , Kula Paula , Czachor Adrianna , Kotula Alicja
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Depression represents a significant global health challenge, affecting approximately 4.4% of the global population and ranking as the leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite advancements in pharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic interventions, a substantial proportion of individuals with depression experience treatment resistance, recurrence of symptoms, or inadequate response to standard treatments.

Aim of the Study: This review explores the emerging role of the gut microbiome in depression, focusing on its potential as a therapeutic target.

Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar. The search encompassed articles utilizing keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms related to “gut microbiome,” “depression,” “microbiota-gut-brain axis,” “psychiatric disorders,” and “clinical studies.”

Conclusion: Therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota offer promising avenues for alleviating depressive symptoms and enhancing treatment outcomes. Probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) represent diverse interventions aimed at restoring microbial balance, modulating gut-brain communication, and reducing neuroinflammation associated with depression. Further research is needed to optimize therapeutic approaches, explore personalized medicine strategies based on individual microbiome profiles and clarify the safety and efficacy of microbial-based therapies in clinical settings.
Urasowienie narodu i przenarodowienie rasy, czyli o dwukierunkowej transformacji w polskiej refleksji romantycznej
Authors: Nowak Joanna
Published: February 2025

Celem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja dwukierunkowego procesu transformacji pojęciowej narodu w rasę i rasy w naród na wybranych tekstach polskich autorów, piszących w epoce międzypowstaniowej, w której proces urasowienia narodu został zainicjowany przez polskie elity polityczno-intelektualne w określonym celu. Był to okres dominacji formacji romantycznej, w której kategoria narodu zdominowała dyskurs dotyczący podziałów w świecie ludzkim w tym także pojęcie „rasy” sprowadzonej do roli grupy narodowej lub etnicznej o trwałych cechach. Urasowienie narodu w pozanaukowym przekazie następowało przez nałożenie na wzorzec kulturowy wspólnoty cech uznanych za typowe dla opisywanej rasy.
The Role of Lifestyle in the Prevention and Treatment of Insulin Resistance: A Review of Clinical and Intervention Studies
Authors: Rybak Daria , Krupa Olga , Furtak Kinga , Wójcik Zofia Martyna , Romańczuk Kuba Borys , Stolarczyk Szymon Przemysław , Pietrukaniec Paulina Dorota , Omasta Bartosz , Kamińska-Omasta Katarzyna , Czerska Magdalena Agata
Published: February 2025

Introduction 
Insulin resistance (IR) is a metabolic disorder characterized by reduced tissue sensitivity to insulin, resulting in impaired glucose homeostasis. IR plays a pivotal role in the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and associated cardiovascular complications. Effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of IR focus on lifestyle modification, including physical activity and stress management. 
Aim of the Study 
The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of lifestyle factors in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance (IR) based on the analysis of clinical and interventional studies, with a particular focus on dietary interventions, physical activity programs, stress reduction techniques, and sleep quality improvement recommendations. 
Materials and Methods 
A review of clinical and interventional studies was conducted using databases such as PubMed. The analysis included studies evaluating the impact of specific lifestyle interventions on markers of insulin resistance (IR), such as fasting insulin levels, HOMA-IR indices and glucose tolerance. Particular attention was paid to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses published between 2020 and 2024. 
Summary 
Studies have shown that diets such as the Mediterranean and DASH, combined with regular aerobic and resistance exercises, significantly improve insulin sensitivity. Additionally, stress-reduction techniques like mindfulness and yoga, along with adequate sleep quality, enhance positive metabolic effects. These findings highlight the need for a multifaceted approach to treating insulin resistance, incorporating dietary and behavioral changes. The review also points out research gaps and emphasizes the necessity of long-term studies to refine lifestyle recommendations for diverse populations
Endurance Training for Cardiovascular Health: Insights into Risk Reduction and Heart Disease Prevention
Authors: Charzewski Piotr , Starzyk Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

Endurance training significantly benefits from strong cardiovascular health, as it relies on the efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to working muscles. A robust cardiovascular system enhances key factors such as cardiac output, stroke volume, and capillary density, which optimize oxygen transport and utilization during prolonged physical activity. This improved vascular efficiency reduces strain on the heart, allowing athletes to sustain higher intensities for longer durations. Endurance training also improves aerobic capacity (VO₂max) and accelerates recovery rates, enabling individuals to handle greater training loads and recover more effectively. Together, these adaptations create a positive feedback loop where endurance training strengthens cardiovascular health, further enhancing performance and resilience.
The Rising Role of Private Equity in Professional Sports. A Review
Authors: Charzewski Piotr , Starzyk Agnieszka , Religa Aleksandra
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Since 2019, private equity (PE) investment in sports franchises, media rights, and stadium infrastructure has grown significantly due to league bylaw changes. These assets attract PE firms with their strong returns and diversification benefits, especially in economic uncertainty. PE provides long-term value through franchise ownership, media rights monetization, and infrastructure investments. However, challenges include limited governance control and illiquid assets, complicating exit strategies. Despite this, PE remains a growing and appealing sector for investment.
Materials and Methods
A literature review was conducted using sources like the IMF eLibrary and PubMed, focusing on studies from 2019–2024. Keywords included “private equity,” “sport,” and “investment.” Criteria included analyses of sports financing trends and investment impacts on global markets.
Results
PE in sports grows yearly due to strong financial returns and diversification benefits. Challenges include governance limits and illiquidity, but PE provides liquidity and operational expertise to underfunded franchises, maximizing revenues and valuations. This aligns sports investments with macroeconomic strategies, boosting their market appeal.
Conclusions
Private equity's rise in sports marks a shift in financing since 2019, offering liquidity, expertise, and valuation growth. While governance challenges exist, PE investments address underfunding and position themselves as vital players in the financial evolution of professional sports.
Retos Familiares por Alta Capacidad Intelectual: programa de Orientación Familiar.
Authors: Fernandez-Molina Milagros , Rivera-Gallardo Noelia
Published: February 2025

Las políticas educativas para la atención al
alumnado con altas capacidades intelectuales han mejorado los procesos de detección y atención psicoeducativa y social,
pero escasean las propuestas formativas
dirigidas al contexto familiar. El objetivo de
este trabajo es presentar el programa “Cultivando mentes apasionadamente curiosas”, de intervención multidisciplinar desde
un enfoque sistémico, para atender los retos que tienen que afrontar las familias con
hijos/as en la educación primaria. La metodología seguida para su diseño ha sido
cualitativa, de carácter analítico-refl exivo,
centrándose en las carencias que señala
la literatura especializada e identifi cando
los criterios de calidad para el diseño de
este tipo de intervenciones. Se presentan
los cuatro módulos con sus objetivos específi cos, sesiones, recursos y dinámicas,
así como los procedimientos de evaluación
establecidos. Se concluye que el asesoramiento familiar es necesario y que el diseño de este programa, cuando pueda ser
aplicado, permitiría ayudar a comprender
las altas capacidades, mejorar la cohesión
familiar, promover la resiliencia infantil y el
fomento de relaciones sanas para momentos de adversidad.
El Camino a la Excelencia: más allá de las Altas Capacidades Intelectuales.
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Rosabel
Published: February 2025

Las Altas Capacidades Intelectuales (ACI)
se defi nen como una capacidad cognitiva
muy superior a la media, un potencial que
permite a las personas aprender y resolver problemas de manera excepcional.
El objetivo es explorar los factores que
infl uyen en la consecución de la excelencia en personas con ACI y las diferencias
en oportunidades que enfrentan diversos
grupos que componen este colectivo. La
metodología consiste en la revisión descriptiva de una selección de artículos
publicados en revistas científi cas de psicología y educación indexadas en bases
de datos electrónicas. Los resultados se
organizan en torno a tres ejes: a) factores
que infl uyen en la excelencia de personas
con ACI; b) obstáculos para su desarrollo;
y c) elementos de desigualdad y diversidad de oportunidades. Las conclusiones
indican que el camino hacia la excelencia
requiere, además de ACI, un compromiso
personal sostenido con la mejora constante y la autorrealización, además de
diversos factores extrínsecos, como el
entorno familiar, escolar o sociocultural
favorables.
Creatividad e Inteligencia Emocional en el alumnado con Alta Capacidad Intelectual en Galicia.
Authors: Mouzo-Mouzo Paula , Fernández-Barreiros Miriam , Rabuñal-Collazo Patricia , Sánchez-Castaño María-Teresa , Cabadas-Magaz Sara
Published: February 2025

En el marco de la atención educativa a la
población infanto-juvenil con alta capacidad intelectual, se cierne un gran debate
a la hora de diseñar e implementar tratamientos educativos para lograr un desarrollo pleno e integral, ya que, con frecuencia,
presentan desajustes o problemáticas
emocionales. El objetivo de la presente
investigación es analizar la relación entre
el nivel de creatividad y las habilidades socioemocionales en alumnado con un perfil
cognitivo compatible con altas capacidades
intelectuales. La muestra del estudio se seleccionó mediante un diseño de estudio
de casos, utilizando cuestionarios como
herramienta de recolección de datos. Las
variables fueron medidas por la pruebas de
creatividad PIC-N y de inteligencia emocional Bar-On EQ-i:YV. Entre las conclusiones
destaca que la creatividad correlaciona de
forma significativa y positiva con la habilidad de adaptabilidad y con el estado de
ánimo general; por lo tanto, potenciar la
creatividad favorece el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional del alumnado con altas
capacidades intelectuales.
Code-switching and the forced choice dilemma as obstacle in Identity Development of gifted adolescents.
Authors: Visser Marlies , Hoogeveen Lianne
Published: February 2025

We start from research showing that
adolescents with high abilities often codeswitch or face a dilemma of forced choice
as they seek security and connection in
their social environment. These strategies
lead them to hide their high cognitive
abilities in an attempt to integrate into the
sociocultural environment, which results
in a loss, concealment or denial of their
identity as gifted adolescents. The aim
of this research is to characterize the
favourable and unfavourable conditions
for the development of the identity of
highly gifted adolescents by means of a
systematic review of selected publications
on the subject. The conclusions show
that cases of identity concealment by
highly gifted adolescents tend to occur in
the absence of recognition and facilitation
of the development of their qualities in
their family, school or peer environment.
Also, we conclude that these cases
are difficult to record or recover, so it is
recommended to act by prevention and
early support.
Tłumacz w cyfrowym świecie: Kompetencje techniczne tłumacza w praktyce i dydaktyce przekładu tekstów specjalistycznych
Authors: Łoboda Krzysztof
Published: February 2025

The main purpose of this book is to explore and describe the translator’s technological competences in specialized translation. Th e initial chapter covers the basic concepts related to translation, also discussing the expertise, skills and competences traditionally linked to translation as a profession and a process. The section concludes with a critical assessment of a series of current academic and expert translation competence models which stress how important it is for a translator to understand and apply modern translation tools and technologies in the translation process.
«Si ratione lex constat». Natural law and Christian Views on Military Service in Tertullian's De Corona Militis
Authors: Corona Encinas Álex
Published: February 2025

This article examines Tertullian’s views on military service by Christian individuals on the basis of his work De corona militis. Beyond his reflections on idolatry, this paper focuses on the arguments concerning Natural law and Reason as the foundation for the incompatibility between Christian faith and military service according to the author, with compelling legal remarks that are also highlighted. In his analysis of a specific case, the Carthaginian addresses the issue of why wearing laurel crowns would not be appropriate for Christians and links the Roman army to the exposure to pagan customs and religious practices by Christians.

At the same time, we argue that the text should not be viewed as an (anachronistic) critique of the Roman political power from the modern perspective of a separation between political and religious spheres. Rather, it could be more likely understood as a questioning of the military institution itself. Beyond the obvious rhetorical imprint, Tertullian’s De Corona offers insights into the search for recognition by Christians towards the Roman Empire and highlights the complex relationships between Christian communities and Roman authorities before the turning point of the early 4th century.
Pérdida de la cosa debida y causalidad hipotética: historia dogmática los artículos 1672 y 1676 del Código civil chileno
Authors: Lazo Patricio
Published: February 2025

This paper offers some outcomes of a more far-reaching research into causality and contractual liability. The aim of the paper is to examine the dogmatic history of two statues of the Chilean Civil Code, articles 1672 and 1676, insofar as they show the formulation of hypothetical causality schemes regarding to the effects of the loss of the thing due. The method followed has been that of investigating the sources of the Chilean Civil Code on this matter, for which a relevant starting point is Bello's notes to the 1853 Project. The study provides evidence that the hypothetical causality schemes introduced in the Chilean Civil Code have an origin in the work of Joseph Pothier and, through this author, became relevant certain passages of the Digest, precisely those that allow establishing accurately the set of assumptions contained in said schemes.
Recensión: ERIKA PRADO RUBIO, V Voorspel, El Preludio
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Manuela
Published: February 2025

El Preludio: génesis jurídico-institucional del conflicto de los Países Bajos, Asociación Veritas para el Estudio de la Historia, el Derecho y las Instituciones
La dimensión ambiental de la cooperación energética brasileña: un panorama del gobierno de Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016)
Authors: Queiroz Santos de Jesus Thayane , Coutinho Vitcel Tayse , Holanda Montenegro Renan , De Paiva Silva Henry Iure
Published: February 2025

Este artículo se centra en la cooperación energética de Brasil durante el gobierno de Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), con el objetivo de examinar la dimensión ambiental de los actos internacionales relacionados con la energía firmados en el período. Para ello, se construyó una base de datos original con información recopilada de la Plataforma Concórdia y la Plataforma Enetrix (Energy Treaties Matrix). En el análisis se consideraron: 1) el número total y anual de documentos relacionados con la energía suscritos durante la gestión de Dilma; 2) las otras partes firmantes; 3) los recursos energéticos privilegiados; y 4) la integración de cuestiones ambientales y de mitigación climática en los respectivos documentos. Los hallazgos indican que el 83% de los 53 acuerdos mapeados incluyen elementos del repertorio de sostenibilidad y que una proporción menor, el 71%, hace referencia a las energías renovables, lo que no implica ausencia de ambigüedades. Alemania, de forma individual, fue el socio destacado de Brasil durante el período.
Neuroprotective effect of Chenopodium pallidicaule flour (cañihuaco) suspension against ethanol toxicity in mice.
Authors: Gomez-Herrera Gian Pierre , Gallo Ruelas Mariano , Huamán Gutiérrez Óscar Gustavo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Foods play an important role in the prevention of several neurodegenerative diseases. Chenopodium pallidicaule flour (cañihuaco) is characterized by its phytonutrients content, among them polyphenols which have the potential to exert neuroprotective properties. Objective: is to evaluate the effect of the administration of cañihuaco suspension against ethanol toxicity in mice Materials and methods: Experimental design. 35 male mice were used, receiving the following treatments, for five days: groups I-II water 10mL/kg, groups III-V received cañihuaco at doses of 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg respectively. On the fifth day, 99% ethanol was administered subcutaneously, 5g/kg, except for group I. After four hours mice were sacrificed by decapitation. The brain and cerebellum were extracted, weighted, and stored for histological analysis. Biochemical indicators were determined in the right hemisphere. Results: Group III and IV showed higher tissue protein levels (p<0.05). Groups III-V showed higher levels of protein sulfhydryl groups being significant in group V (p<0.01). There was no difference in GSH levels in any treatment group with respect to group II. At the histological level, group V showed preservation of nervous tissue. Conclusion: The administration of Chenopodium pallidicaule (cañihuaco) flour suspension at doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg exhibits a dose-dependent reduction in histological damage in the brain and cerebellum. Additionally, it enhances the levels of protein SH groups.
Uso do google earth na definição de áreas prioritárias para pesquisa nos campos rupestres ferruginosos do parque estadual da serra do rola-moça
Authors: Gonçalves Thamyres Sabrina , Das Dores M. Veloso Maria , W. Fernandes Geraldo
Published: February 2025

O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar as possibilidades da utilização das imagens do software Google Earth para identificação de áreas prioritárias para estudos de conservação e trabalhos de recuperação ambiental de Campo Rupestre Ferruginoso no Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola Moça. Enquanto procedimento metodológico tentou-se fazer a discriminação entre áreas conservadas e impactadas por meio das imagens de satélite disponibilizadas por este programa dentro da área limite da unidade de conservação em estudo. Os resultados mostram que a utilização do Google Earth possui viabilidade para implantação de projetos de recuperação apenas em áreas com grau muito elevado de degradação, já com relação aos ambientes conservados, as imagens apresentam dificuldades na discriminação entre ambientes com graus de intensidade baixa e ou média de degradação e locais onde a vegetação encontra-se efetivamente conservada. Conclui-se que apesar de importante, o uso do Google Earth deve necessariamente ser complementar a trabalhos de florística e análise ecologia da paisagem.
Microanalysis of minerals in Rhizophora mangle L. leaves from Marambaia mangroves reveal low presence of potentially toxic elements
Authors: Torres Alves Guilherme , Do Carmo de Oliveira Arruda Rosani , Pimentel Victório Cristiane
Published: February 2025

The mangroves of Marambaia, area bathed by the Bay of Sepetiba, is located in an area protected by the Brazilian Army and has a remarkable level of environmental protection among ecosystems around the bay. Leaf content of minerals and potentially toxic elements in a typical species of mangrove of Rhizophora mangle L. were analyzed from samples collected in Marambaia. Microanalyses of minerals were done by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy coupled to Scanning Electron Microscope (EDX-SEM) that showed the elemental composition and its relative quantity in R. mangle leaves. The major mineral deteced were Na, Ca and Cl, and low concentration of Zn.
Hortas de agricultura natural nas escolas: uma proposta de educação ambiental
Authors: Docile Tatiana , Silva Correa Diogo , Tamie Otutumi Adriana , Luz de Castro Fernando
Published: February 2025

A prática de hortas de agricultura natural nas escolas, conforme o conceito de Mokichi Okada, é uma abordagem eficaz para promover a educação ambiental, a alimentação saudável e o desenvolvimento integral dos estudantes. Este trabalho propõe-se a destacar os benefícios dessa prática, destacando a conscientização ambiental e o incentivo à alimentação sustentável. A agricultura natural de Okada enfatiza o cultivo sem produtos químicos, respeitando os ciclos naturais e promovendo uma relação harmoniosa entre ser humano e natureza. As hortas escolares oferecem um espaço para aprendizado prático sobre cultivo e ecologia e servem como ambiente para interação social e trabalho em equipe. Além disso, essas iniciativas contribuem para formar uma cultura de respeito à natureza entre as crianças, preparando-as para serem cidadãos mais conscientes. A revisão conclui que as hortas de agricultura natural são ferramentas valiosas no contexto educacional, proporcionando benefícios que vão além do cultivo de alimentos.
Aproximações e dissonâncias entre o Serviço Social brasileiro e britânico na contestação à perspectiva tradicional
Authors: Defilippo Antoniana , Canêo Giovanna , Oliveira Shirleny Pereira de Souza
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo resulta de parte da pesquisa “Serviço Social Radical no Reino Unido: os fundamentos histórico-críticos do Serviço Social britânico na contemporaneidade”, articulada à pesquisa em rede “Serviço Social na história: Questão social e movimentos sociais – América Latina e Europa”. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, o estudo tem como objetivo apresentar aproximações e dissonâncias entre o Serviço Social brasileiro e britânico na contestação à perspectiva tradicional. Partimos dos determinantes históricos que permitem a emersão de perspectivas contestatórias ao Serviço Social tradicional na realidade brasileira e britânica, sobretudo no contexto das relações sociais capitalistas a partir dos anos 1960 e seu legado nos dias atuais. Nossa hipótese, para tanto, é a de que a interlocução entre vertentes críticas do Serviço Social nos dois países apresenta elementos importantes para o debate contemporâneo na profissão e, por isso, merece ser adensado.