bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety of low and high cost dry feed intended for dogs in Brazil concerning fumonisins, zearalenone and aflatoxins
Authors: Teixeira E.M.K. , Frehse M.S. , Freire R.L. , Ono M.A. , Bordini J.G. , Hirozawa M.T. , Ono E.Y.S.
Published: August 2017

The Brazilian pet sector exportation has been growing at an impressive rate lately. Considering the intense globalisation, pet food may be commercialised worldwide and the issue concerning safety of dry dog feed has become a topic of widespread international interest. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the safety of low and high cost dry feed and the degree of exposure of dogs to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed in Brazil. In addition, the safe pet dietary level (SPDL) was calculated. Fumonisins, zearalenone (ZEA) and aflatoxins were analysed in three feed types intended for dogs (n=87), provided by pet owners. Mean fumonisin levels were 272 µg/kg (Standard), 78.2 µg/kg (Premium), and 186 µg/kg (Super Premium) while ZEA mean levels were 52.6 µg/kg (Standard), 10.6 µg/kg (Premium) and 17.5 µg/kg (Super Premium). Mean total aflatoxin levels (aflatoxin B1 + B2 + G1 + G2) in Standard, Premium and Super Premium feed were 1.29 µg/kg, 0.49 µg/kg and 0.53 µg/kg, respectively. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values for fumonisin B1 were 1.41 (Standard), 1.60 (Premium) and 0.93 µg/kg body weight (BW)/day (Super Premium feed), whereas for ZEA they were 0.54 (Standard), 0.37 (Premium) and 0.42 µg/kg BW/day (Super Premium feed). SPDL for fumonisins and ZEA was 2,000 and 375 µg/kg feed, respectively. EDI values for aflatoxin B1 were 13.0 (Standard), 14.0 (Premium) and 11.0 ng/kg BW/day (Super Premium feed). Although the feed samples intended for dogs in Brazil were often contaminated with aflatoxins, fumonisins and ZEA, the estimated daily intake values were low, even for the low cost formulations. However, it cannot be excluded that some of the feed samples could have a negative effect on animal health and performance considering feeding a monodiet of commercial feed, low multi-mycotoxin contamination levels and interactions between mycotoxins.
Verrucarin A and roridin E produced on rocket byMyrothecium roridum under different temperatures and CO2 levels
Authors: Bosio P. , Siciliano I. , Gilardi G. , Gullino M.L. , Garibaldi A.
Published: August 2017

The behaviour ofMyrothecium roridum, artificially inoculated on cultivated rocket (Eruca sativa), has been evaluated under eight different temperature and CO2 concentration combinations (from 14-18 °C to 26-30 °C and with 400-450 or 800-850 ppm of CO2). The pathogen isolate used for this study was inoculated on rocket and disease severity increased with high temperatures for both CO2 levels. Verrucarin A and roridin E mycotoxins were produced under all the tested temperatures at high CO2 conditions. The maximum level of verrucarin A was found at 14-18 °C and 800-850 ppm of CO2, and the maximum roridin E production was detected at 26-30 °C with 800-850 ppm of CO2. The results obtained in this study show that both the CO2 concentration and the temperature influence disease severity and mycotoxin production in different ways. An increase in temperature, which is favourable for attacks of the pathogen, could induce the spread ofM. roridum in temperate regions, and this pathogen could take on even greater importance in the future, considering its ability to produce mycotoxins.
Stabilization and Control of Elastic Inverted Pendulum System (EIPS) Using Adaptive Fuzzy Inference Controllers
Authors: Kharola Ashwani , Patil Pravin P.
Published: August 2017

Elastic Inverted Pendulum system (EIP) are very popular objects of theoretical investigation and experimentation in field of control engineering. The system becomes highly nonlinear and complex due to transverse displacement of elastic pole or pendulum. This paper presents a comparison study for control of EIP using fuzzy and hybrid adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controllers. Initially a fuzzy controller was designed, which was used for training and tuning of ANFIS controller using gbell shape membership functions (MFs). The performance of complete system was evaluated through output responses of settling time, steady state error and maximum overshoot. The study also highlights effect of varying number of MFs on training error of ANFIS. The results showed better performance of ANFIS controller compared to fuzzy controller.
Cross Comparative Analysis on the Models of Transformational Leadership and Pseudo - Transformational Leadership
Authors: Kazmi S. Asiya Z.
Published: August 2017

Transformational leadership has been the center of interest for organizational behavior theorists and management experts due to this leadership style's significance and appeal with reference to organizational team performance, effectiveness as well as innovativeness. In addition, new product development is considered the core operation of each and every industrial concern. The success of new product development related operations is getting more challenging in today's' turbulent economic conditions. Hence, the current study is an attempt to explore the interconnection between transformational leadership and new product development team's effectiveness to support organizational innovation. The empirical study was conducted based on the implementation of especially devised and validated quantitative and qualitative. This study sample represented the new product development team's working at three different global locations of an energy sector company. The data obtained through the mixed mode of survey tools was analyzed statistically and qualitatively by implementing statistical methods. The research outcomes revealed that the dimensions of management initiative (innovation variable), collaboration (NPD team effectiveness variable), communication (NPD team effectiveness variable), affiliation with leader (transformational leadership variable) have positive association among each other while product innovation (innovation variable), communication (NPD team effectiveness variable) and leader's competence to empower its team (transformational leadership variable) have shown negative internal association.
The Competitiveness of Serbian Tourism in the Region During the Transition Period
Authors: Cvijanović Drago , Gajic Tamara , Vujko Aleksandra
Published: August 2017

The recent inadequate development of tourism in Serbia was conditioned by the poor economic and political situation that affected the state of the nineties of the 20th century. The authors of the paper pointed to the current situation of the separation of tourism in Serbia and the factors that imply its competitive position among the countries of the region. Each of these states was part of the former Yugoslavia together with Serbia, and in that period shared the same destiny of tourism development. The authors used the available statistical documentation and conducted a desk research to point out the existing estimates of the factors of concreteness that would enable tourism with an adequate strategic policy of product development and placement to reach a higher ranking on the regional and world market.
Ethical Leadership, Ethical Selling, and Financial Services Performances
Authors: Oniku Ayodele , Emmanuel Achi Awele , Adetunji Olawale
Published: August 2017

The antecedents of Nigerian financial industries in the past few decades call for a deeper understanding of the sector vis-à-vis ethical practice. Importantly, the revolution in the sector in the early 1990s birthed an industry that resolutely shifted practice from “armchair” marketing to aggressive marketing system that embraces selling practice. The paper seeks to understand that the failure recorded in the sector in terms of bankruptcy and insolvency of many banks and insurance companies is not really as a result of failure of core financial practice but abuse of depositors' funds which are mostly diverted and the unethical selling practice embraced by staff that made many depositors lost faith in the sector. The study therefore looks at the role of ethical leadership and its influence on ethical selling practice in financial industry. The paper found that ethical leadership that reflects on and entrenches ethical selling practice would definitely promote ethical behaviour among financial services sales (marketing) staff.
The Impact of Seasonality on the Using of Accommodation Capacity in Operation in Romania
Authors: Zaharia Radu Serban M. , Gogonea Rodica Manuela
Published: August 2017

For accommodation service providers one of the main objectives is to obtain and maintain a higher degree of using of accommodation capacity in operation. Based on these considerations, the paper analyzes the evolution of the index of utilization of the accommodation capacity in operation in the development regions of Romania for a period of six years in order to reveal similarities and disparities between them. For this purpose, besides the analysis of the developments of the index of utilization of the accommodation capacity in operation, the evolution of dispersion spreading is also analyzed. Both the variability amplitudes of the two main indicators and their trend are analyzed. The conclusion of the study is the fact that in Romania, the dispersion of the index of the use of the accommodation capacity in operation had an increasing trend, which means that in terms of the ratio between demand and supply of accommodation, the disparities between development regions continue to grow with all the negative implications on the performance of the tourism industry in Romania.
Radiative MHD Stagnation-Point Flow with Heat Transfer Past a Permeable Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in a Porous Medium
Authors: Sayyed Shoeb R. , Singh B.B. , Bano Nasreen
Published: August 2017

In the present study, an analytical analysis has been carried out to investigate the MHD stagnation-point flow and heat transfer past a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet in a porous medium in the presence of thermal radiation. Similarity transformations have been employed to simplify the momentum and energy equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations are then solved analytically through BVPh 2.0 Mathematica package based on homotopy analysis method (HAM). Effects of various parameters such as Prandtl number, permeability parameter, magnetic parameter, suction/blowing parameter, stretching/shrinking parameter, radiation parameter and wall temperature exponent on velocity and/or temperature profiles are explored and discussed graphically. Our results have been compared with the available literature and have been found in excellent agreement. This study may have applications in metallurgy industry and aerodynamic extrusion of plastic sheet.
Analysis of Radiative Magneto-Nanofluid over an Accelerated Plate in a Rotating Medium with Hall Effects
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Hussain Syed Modassir , Joshi Hitesh , Seth Gauri Shenkar
Published: August 2017

Present research work has been undertaken to analyze the effects of Hall current on natural convective flow of radiative, incompressible, viscous and electrically conducting magneto-nanofluid over a uniformly accelerated moving vertical ramped temperature plate in a rotating medium. Three types of water based nanofluids containing the nanoparticles of alumina, copper and titanium oxide have been accounted. The mathematical model of the problem has been presented using the nanoparticle volume fraction model. The Laplace transform technique has been employed to solve the mathematical model. The closed-form expressions of nanofluid velocity, temperature, shear stress and rate of heat transfer at the plate have been obtained for both the conditions of ramped temperature and isothermal plates. The effects of various physical parameters on the nanofluid velocity due to primary and secondary flows and temperature have been exemplified using various graphs whereas, the numerical values of shear stress and rate of heat transfer at the plate have been reported in tabular form for different values of physical parameters of interest. Moreover, the numerical results have been compared for the natural convective flow near ramped temperature plate with the corresponding flow near isothermal plate. It has been noted that both the nanofluid velocity and temperature are higher in magnitude in the case of isothermal plate than that of ramped temperature plate. The results of present research work have been validated with the earlier published work.
A Chlamydia-Specific TCR-Transgenic Mouse Demonstrates Th1 Polyfunctionality with Enhanced Effector Function
Authors: Poston Taylor B. , Qu Yanyan , Girardi Jenna , O’Connell Catherine M. , Frazer Lauren C. , Russell Ali N. , Wall McKensie , Nagarajan Uma M. , Darville Toni
Published: August 2017

Chlamydia is responsible for millions of new infections annually, and current efforts focus on understanding cellular immunity for targeted vaccine development. The Chlamydia-specific CD4 T cell response is characterized by the production of IFN-γ, and polyfunctional Th1 responses are associated with enhanced protection. A major limitation in studying these responses is the paucity of tools available for detection, quantification, and characterization of polyfunctional Ag-specific T cells. We addressed this problem by developing a TCR-transgenic (Tg) mouse with CD4 T cells that respond to a common Ag in Chlamydia muridarum and Chlamydia trachomatis. Using an adoptive-transfer approach, we show that naive Tg CD4 T cells become activated, proliferate, migrate to the infected tissue, and acquire a polyfunctional Th1 phenotype in infected mice. Polyfunctional Tg Th1 effectors demonstrated enhanced IFN-γ production compared with polyclonal cells, protected immune-deficient mice against lethality, mediated bacterial clearance, and orchestrated an anamnestic response. Adoptive transfer of Chlamydia-specific CD4 TCR-Tg T cells with polyfunctional capacity offers a powerful approach for analysis of protective effector and memory responses against chlamydial infection and demonstrates that an effective monoclonal CD4 T cell response may successfully guide subunit vaccination strategies.
Sudden Death in a Young Patient with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Tamargo María , Espinosa María Ángeles , Gómez-Carrillo Víctor , Juárez Miriam , Fernández-Avilés Francisco , Yotti Raquel
Published: August 2017

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young patients without structural heart disease is frequently due to inherited channelopathies such as long QT syndrome (LQTS), Brugada syndrome or Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Accordingly, the addition of genetic testing to clinical data may be useful to identify the cause of the sudden death in this population. Mutations in the KCNQ1 encoded Kv7.1 channel are related to type 1 LQTS, familial atrial fibrillation (AF), short QT syndrome, and SCD. We present a clinical case where the presence of AF after resuscitation in a young man with cardiac arrest was the key clinical data to suspect an inherited disorder and genetic testing was the main determinant for identifying the cause of the cardiac arrest. The KCNQ1 p.Arg231His mutation explained the combined phenotype of AF and susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. The case highlights the importance of continued research in genetics and molecular mechanisms of channelopathies.
Imaging the lymphatic system
Authors: Zamboni Paolo
Published: August 2017

Not available
Penal reform in Africa: The case of prison chaplaincy
Authors: Akih Abraham K. , Dreyer Yolanda
Published: August 2017

Penal reform is a challenge across the world. In Africa, those who are incarcerated are especially vulnerable and often deprived of basic human rights. Prison conditions are generally dire, resources are limited, and at times undue force is used to control inmates. The public attitude towards offenders is also not encouraging. Reform efforts include finding alternative ways of sentencing such as community service, making use of halfway houses and reducing sentences. These efforts have not yet yielded the desired results. The four principles of retribution, deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation guide penal practice in Africa. Retribution and rehabilitation stand in tension. Deterrence and incapacitation aim at forcing inmates to conform to the social order. The article argues that prison chaplaincy can make a valuable contribution to restoring the dignity and humanity of those who are incarcerated. Chaplaincy can contribute to improving attitudes and practices in the penal system and society. In addition to the social objective of rehabilitation, prison ministry can, on a spiritual level, also facilitate repentance, forgiveness and reconciliation. The aim is the holistic restoration of human beings.
Assessing home-based rehabilitation within the development of an integrated model of care for people living with HIV in a resource-poor community
Authors: Cobbing Saul , Hanass-Hancock Jill , Myezwa Hellen
Published: August 2017

Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are living longer lives but are at a greater risk of developing disability. South Africa has the largest antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme in the world, shifting HIV from a deadly to a chronic disease. The integration of rehabilitation into chronic care is therefore now crucial to ensure the highest quality of life of PLHIV.Aim: To describe how a home-based rehabilitation (HBR) programme adhered to the fundamental principles of a theoretical model of integrated care developed for the study setting in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Method: The process and results from the HBR programme were assessed in relation to the model of care to ascertain which principles of the model were addressed with the HBR programme and which elements require further investigation.Results: The HBR programme was able to apply a number of principles such as evidence-based practice, task shifting to lay personnel, enabling patient-centred care and maximising function and independence of PLHIV. Other elements such as the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach, training on the use of disability screening tools and the use of evidence to influence policy development were more difficult to implement.Conclusion: It is possible to implement elements of the integrated model of care. Further research is needed to understand how principles that require further training and collaboration with other stakeholders can be implemented. The results of this study provide additional evidence towards understanding the feasibility of the theoretical model and what is required to adjust and test the full model.
A Capability – Driven modelling approach applied in smart transportation & management systems for large scale events
Authors: Bravos G. , Loucopoulos P. , Dimitrakopoulos G. , Anagnostopoulos D. , A. Kiousi V.
Published: August 2017

Economic growth in Europe has been, strongly associated with urbanization, overwhelming cities with vehicles. This renders mobility inside cities problematic, since it is often associated with large waste of time in traffic congestions, environmental pollution and accidents. Cities struggle to invent and deploy “smart” solutions in the domain of urban mobility, so as to offer innovative services to citizens and visitors and improve the overall quality of life. At the same time, organisation of large-scale events impose even more challenges and difficulties in the provision of such services. In this context, the paper discusses on the basic challenges that cities face especially in cases of large scale events, and proposes a capability – driven enterprise modelling approach towards enabling Smart Objects for Smart City Operations (SCO). It presents specific examples of deploying this approach in smart traffic management and smart spectators’ management in large scale events. Moreover, a process towards linking capability models to simulation ones is presented, trying to set the basis for effective SCO based on Smart Objects deployment.
Cooperative Awareness in the Internet of Vehicles for Safety Enhancement
Authors: Bazzi Alessandro , M. Masini Barbara , Zanella Alberto
Published: August 2017

Connected vehicles will improve safety and enable new services to drivers and passengers. One of the main enabled services will be the cooperative awareness, that is the broadcast transmission of periodic messages containing updated information on status and movements. This continuos communication may help the drivers in critical situations and eventually enable vehicles to autonomously coordinate their actions. Being IEEE 802.11p still the de-facto standard for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, in this paper we investigate its performance for cooperative awareness through large scale simulations involving hundred of nodes under various settings, and considering the combinations of different modulations and coding schemes. Results highlight the effect of traÿc density, obstacles, and physical layer settings on both the reception reliability and the delay of information update, giving guidelines for the system design under realistic propagation and road traffic conditions.
Estimating trends in atmospheric water vapor and temperature time series over Germany
Authors: Alshawaf Fadwa , Balidakis Kyriakos , Dick Galina , Heise Stefan , Wickert Jens
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Ground-based GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) has efficiently been used since the 1990s as a meteorological observing system. Recently scientists have used GNSS time series of precipitable water vapor (PWV) for climate research. In this work, we compare the temporal trends estimated from GNSS time series with those estimated from European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-Interim) data and meteorological measurements. We aim to evaluate climate evolution in Germany by monitoring different atmospheric variables such as temperature and PWV. PWV time series were obtained by three methods: (1) estimated from ground-based GNSS observations using the method of precise point positioning, (2) inferred from ERA-Interim reanalysis data, and (3) determined based on daily in situ measurements of temperature and relative humidity. The other relevant atmospheric parameters are available from surface measurements of meteorological stations or derived from ERA-Interim. The trends are estimated using two methods: the first applies least squares to deseasonalized time series and the second uses the Theil–Sen estimator. The trends estimated at 113 GNSS sites, with 10 to 19 years temporal coverage, vary between −1.5 and 2.3 mm decade−1 with standard deviations below 0.25 mm decade−1. These results were validated by estimating the trends from ERA-Interim data over the same time windows, which show similar values. These values of the trend depend on the length and the variations of the time series. Therefore, to give a mean value of the PWV trend over Germany, we estimated the trends using ERA-Interim spanning from 1991 to 2016 (26 years) at 227 synoptic stations over Germany. The ERA-Interim data show positive PWV trends of 0.33 ± 0.06 mm decade−1 with standard errors below 0.03 mm decade−1. The increment in PWV varies between 4.5 and 6.5 % per degree Celsius rise in temperature, which is comparable to the theoretical rate of the Clausius–Clapeyron equation.
Tomographic retrievals of ozone with the OMPS Limb Profiler: algorithm description and preliminary results
Authors: Zawada Daniel J. , Rieger Landon A. , Bourassa Adam E. , Degenstein Douglas A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Measurements of limb scattered sunlight from the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Limb Profiler (OMPS-LP) can be used to obtain vertical profiles of ozone in the stratosphere. In this paper we describe a two-dimensional, or tomographic, retrieval algorithm for OMPS-LP where variations are retrieved simultaneously in altitude and the along orbital track dimension. The algorithm has been applied to measurements from the center slit for the full OMPS-LP mission to create the publicly available USask OMPS-LP 2D v1.0.2 dataset. Tropical ozone anomalies are compared with measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) where differences are less than 5 % of the mean ozone value for the majority of the stratosphere. Examples of near coincident measurements with MLS are also shown, and agreement at the 5 % level is observed for the majority of the stratosphere. Both simulated retrievals and coincident comparisons with MLS are shown at the edge of the polar vortex, comparing the results to a traditional one-dimensional retrieval. The one-dimensional retrieval is shown to consistently overestimate the amount of ozone in areas of large horizontal gradients relative to both MLS and the two-dimensional retrieval.
Changes in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the Mauritanian–Cap Vert upwelling region between 2005 and 2012
Authors: González-Dávila Melchor , Santana Casiano J. Magdalena , Machín Francisco
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Coastal upwellings along the eastern margins of major ocean basins represent regions of large ecological and economic importance due to the high biological productivity. The role of these regions for the global carbon cycle makes them essential in addressing climate change. The physical forcing of upwelling processes that favor production in these areas are already being affected by global warming, which will modify the intensity of upwelling and, consequently, the carbon dioxide cycle. Here, we present monthly high-resolution surface experimental data for temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in one of the four most important upwelling regions of the planet, the Mauritanian–Cap Vert upwelling region, from 2005 to 2012. This data set provides direct evidence of seasonal and interannual changes in the physical and biochemical processes. Specifically, we show an upwelling intensification and an increase of 0.6 Tg yr−1 in CO2 outgassing due to increased wind speed, despite increased primary productivity. This increase in CO2 outgassing together with the observed decrease in sea surface temperature at the location of the Mauritanian Cap Blanc, 21° N, produced a pH rate decrease of −0.003 ± 0.001 yr−1.
MAPPING GNSS RESTRICTED ENVIRONMENTS WITH A DRONE TANDEM AND INDIRECT POSITION CONTROL
Authors: Cledat E. , Cucci D. A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The problem of autonomously mapping highly cluttered environments, such as urban and natural canyons, is intractable with the current UAV technology. The reason lies in the absence or unreliability of GNSS signals due to partial sky occlusion or multi-path effects. High quality carrier-phase observations are also required in efficient mapping paradigms, such as Assisted Aerial Triangulation, to achieve high ground accuracy without the need of dense networks of ground control points. In this work we consider a drone tandem in which the first drone flies outside the canyon, where GNSS constellation is ideal, visually tracks the second drone and provides an indirect position control for it. This enables both autonomous guidance and accurate mapping of GNSS restricted environments without the need of ground control points. We address the technical feasibility of this concept considering preliminary real-world experiments in comparable conditions and we perform a mapping accuracy prediction based on a simulation scenario.
STATE-OF-THE-ART IN UAV REMOTE SENSING SURVEY – FIRST INSIGHTS INTO APPLICATIONS OF UAV SENSING SYSTEMS
Authors: Aasen H.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. UAVs are increasingly adapted as remote sensing platforms. Together with specialized sensors, they become powerful sensing systems for environmental monitoring and surveying. Spectral data has great capabilities to the gather information about biophysical and biochemical properties. Still, capturing meaningful spectral data in a reproducible way is not trivial. Since a couple of years small and lightweight spectral sensors, which can be carried on small flexible platforms, have become available. With their adaption in the community, the responsibility to ensure the quality of the data is increasingly shifted from specialized companies and agencies to individual researchers or research teams. Due to the complexity of the data acquisition of spectral data, this poses a challenge for the community and standardized protocols, metadata and best practice procedures are needed to make data intercomparable. In November 2016, the ESSEM COST action Innovative optical Tools for proximal sensing of ecophysiological processes (OPTIMISE; http://optimise.dcs.aber.ac.uk/) held a workshop on best practices for UAV spectral sampling. The objective of this meeting was to trace the way from particle to pixel and identify influences on the data quality / reliability, to figure out how well we are currently doing with spectral sampling from UAVs and how we can improve. Additionally, a survey was designed to be distributed within the community to get an overview over the current practices and raise awareness for the topic. This talk will introduce the approach of the OPTIMISE community towards best practises in UAV spectral sampling and present first results of the survey (http://optimise.dcs.aber.ac.uk/uav-survey/). This contribution briefly introduces the survey and gives some insights into the first results given by the interviewees.
AUTOMATED DETECTION AND CLOSING OF HOLES IN AERIAL POINT CLOUDS USING AN UAS
Authors: Fiolka T. , Rouatbi F. , Bender D.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. 3D terrain models are an important instrument in areas like geology, agriculture and reconnaissance. Using an automated UAS with a line-based LiDAR can create terrain models fast and easily even from large areas. But the resulting point cloud may contain holes and therefore be incomplete. This might happen due to occlusions, a missed flight route due to wind or simply as a result of changes in the ground height which would alter the swath of the LiDAR system. This paper proposes a method to detect holes in 3D point clouds generated during the flight and adjust the course in order to close them. First, a grid-based search for holes in the horizontal ground plane is performed. Then a check for vertical holes mainly created by buildings walls is done. Due to occlusions and steep LiDAR angles, closing the vertical gaps may be difficult or even impossible. Therefore, the current approach deals with holes in the ground plane and only marks the vertical holes in such a way that the operator can decide on further actions regarding them. The aim is to efficiently create point clouds which can be used for the generation of complete 3D terrain models.
CONCEPT FOR CLASSIFYING FACADE ELEMENTS BASED ON MATERIAL, GEOMETRY AND THERMAL RADIATION USING MULTIMODAL UAV REMOTE SENSING
Authors: Ilehag R. , Schenk A. , Hinz S.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. This paper presents a concept for classification of facade elements, based on the material and the geometry of the elements in addition to the thermal radiation of the facade with the usage of a multimodal Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) system. Once the concept is finalized and functional, the workflow can be used for energy demand estimations for buildings by exploiting existing methods for estimation of heat transfer coefficient and the transmitted heat loss. The multimodal system consists of a thermal, a hyperspectral and an optical sensor, which can be operational with a UAV. While dealing with sensors that operate in different spectra and have different technical specifications, such as the radiometric and the geometric resolution, the challenges that are faced are presented. Addressed are the different approaches of data fusion, such as image registration, generation of 3D models by performing image matching and the means for classification based on either the geometry of the object or the pixel values. As a first step towards realizing the concept, the result from a geometric calibration with a designed multimodal calibration pattern is presented.
INVESTIGATION OF PARALLAX ISSUES FOR MULTI-LENS MULTISPECTRAL CAMERA BAND CO-REGISTRATION
Authors: Jhan J. P. , Rau J. Y. , Haala N. , Cramer M.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The multi-lens multispectral cameras (MSCs), such as Micasense Rededge and Parrot Sequoia, can record multispectral information by each separated lenses. With their lightweight and small size, which making they are more suitable for mounting on an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) to collect high spatial images for vegetation investigation. However, due to the multi-sensor geometry of multi-lens structure induces significant band misregistration effects in original image, performing band co-registration is necessary in order to obtain accurate spectral information. A robust and adaptive band-to-band image transform (RABBIT) is proposed to perform band co-registration of multi-lens MSCs. First is to obtain the camera rig information from camera system calibration, and utilizes the calibrated results for performing image transformation and lens distortion correction. Since the calibration uncertainty leads to different amount of systematic errors, the last step is to optimize the results in order to acquire a better co-registration accuracy. Due to the potential issues of parallax that will cause significant band misregistration effects when images are closer to the targets, four datasets thus acquired from Rededge and Sequoia were applied to evaluate the performance of RABBIT, including aerial and close-range imagery. From the results of aerial images, it shows that RABBIT can achieve sub-pixel accuracy level that is suitable for the band co-registration purpose of any multi-lens MSC. In addition, the results of close-range images also has same performance, if we focus on the band co-registration on specific target for 3D modelling, or when the target has equal distance to the camera.
MULTI-TEMPORAL ASSESSMENT OF LYCHEE TREE CROP STRUCTURE USING MULTI-SPECTRAL RPAS IMAGERY
Authors: Johansen K. , Raharjo T.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The lychee tree is native to China and produce small fleshy fruit up to 5 cm in diameter. Lychee production in Australia is worth > $20 million annually. Pruning of trees encourages new growth, has a positive effect on fruiting of lychee, makes fruit-picking easier, and may increase yield, as it increases light interception and tree crown surface area. The objective of this research was to assess changes in tree structure, i.e. tree crown circumference, width, height and Plant Projective Cover (PPC) using multi-spectral Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) imagery collected before and after pruning of a lychee plantation. A secondary objective was to assess any variations in the results as a function of various flying heights (30, 50 and 70 m). Pre- and post-pruning results showed significant differences in all measured tree structural parameters, including an average decrease in: tree crown circumference of 1.94 m; tree crown width of 0.57 m; tree crown height of 0.62 m; and PPC of 14.8 %. The different flying heights produced similar measurements of tree crown width and PPC, whereas tree crown circumference and height measurements decreased with increasing flying height. These results show that multi-spectral RPAS imagery can provide a suitable means of assessing pruning efforts undertaken by contractors based on changes in tree structure of lychee plantations and that it is important to collect imagery in a consistent manner, as varying flying heights may cause changes to tree structural measurements.
USING CALIBRATED RGB IMAGERY FROM LOW-COST UAVS FOR GRASSLAND MONITORING: CASE STUDY AT THE RENGEN GRASSLAND EXPERIMENT (RGE), GERMANY
Authors: Lussem U. , Hollberg J. , Menne J. , Schellberg J. , Bareth G.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Monitoring the spectral response of intensively managed grassland throughout the growing season allows optimizing fertilizer inputs by monitoring plant growth. For example, site-specific fertilizer application as part of precision agriculture (PA) management requires information within short time. But, this requires field-based measurements with hyper- or multispectral sensors, which may not be feasible on a day to day farming practice. Exploiting the information of RGB images from consumer grade cameras mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) can offer cost-efficient as well as near-real time analysis of grasslands with high temporal and spatial resolution. The potential of RGB imagery-based vegetation indices (VI) from consumer grade cameras mounted on UAVs has been explored recently in several. However, for multitemporal analyses it is desirable to calibrate the digital numbers (DN) of RGB-images to physical units. In this study, we explored the comparability of the RGBVI from a consumer grade camera mounted on a low-cost UAV to well established vegetation indices from hyperspectral field measurements for applications in grassland. The study was conducted in 2014 on the Rengen Grassland Experiment (RGE) in Germany. Image DN values were calibrated into reflectance by using the Empirical Line Method (Smith & Milton 1999). Depending on sampling date and VI the correlation between the UAV-based RGBVI and VIs such as the NDVI resulted in varying R2 values from no correlation to up to 0.9. These results indicate, that calibrated RGB-based VIs have the potential to support or substitute hyperspectral field measurements to facilitate management decisions on grasslands.
COMPARISON OF 2D AND 3D APPROACHES FOR THE ALIGNMENT OF UAV AND LIDAR POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Persad R. A. , Armenakis C.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The automatic alignment of 3D point clouds acquired or generated from different sensors is a challenging problem. The objective of the alignment is to estimate the 3D similarity transformation parameters, including a global scale factor, 3 rotations and 3 translations. To do so, corresponding anchor features are required in both data sets. There are two main types of alignment: i) Coarse alignment and ii) Refined Alignment. Coarse alignment issues include lack of any prior knowledge of the respective coordinate systems for a source and target point cloud pair and the difficulty to extract and match corresponding control features (e.g., points, lines or planes) co-located on both point cloud pairs to be aligned. With the increasing use of UAVs, there is a need to automatically co-register their generated point cloud-based digital surface models with those from other data acquisition systems such as terrestrial or airborne lidar point clouds. This works presents a comparative study of two independent feature matching techniques for addressing 3D conformal point cloud alignment of UAV and lidar data in different 3D coordinate systems without any prior knowledge of the seven transformation parameters.
INVESTIGATION OF 1 : 1,000 SCALE MAP GENERATION BY STEREO PLOTTING USING UAV IMAGES
Authors: Rhee S. , Kim T.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Large scale maps and image mosaics are representative geospatial data that can be extracted from UAV images. Map drawing using UAV images can be performed either by creating orthoimages and digitizing them, or by stereo plotting. While maps generated by digitization may serve the need for geospatial data, many institutions and organizations require map drawing using stereoscopic vision on stereo plotting systems. However, there are several aspects to be checked for UAV images to be utilized for stereo plotting. The first aspect is the accuracy of exterior orientation parameters (EOPs) generated through automated bundle adjustment processes. It is well known that GPS and IMU sensors mounted on a UAV are not very accurate. It is necessary to adjust initial EOPs accurately using tie points. For this purpose, we have developed a photogrammetric incremental bundle adjustment procedure. The second aspect is unstable shooting conditions compared to aerial photographing. Unstable image acquisition may bring uneven stereo coverage, which will result in accuracy loss eventually. Oblique stereo pairs will create eye fatigue. The third aspect is small coverage of UAV images. This aspect will raise efficiency issue for stereo plotting of UAV images. More importantly, this aspect will make contour generation from UAV images very difficult. This paper will discuss effects relate to these three aspects. In this study, we tried to generate 1 : 1,000 scale map from the dataset using EOPs generated from software developed in-house. We evaluated Y-disparity of the tie points extracted automatically through the photogrammetric incremental bundle adjustment process. We could confirm that stereoscopic viewing is possible. Stereoscopic plotting work was carried out by a professional photogrammetrist. In order to analyse the accuracy of the map drawing using stereoscopic vision, we compared the horizontal and vertical position difference between adjacent models after drawing a specific model. The results of analysis showed that the errors were within the specification of 1 : 1,000 map. Although the Y-parallax can be eliminated, it is still necessary to improve the accuracy of absolute ground position error in order to apply this technique to the actual work. There are a few models in which the difference in height between adjacent models is about 40 cm. We analysed the stability of UAV images by checking angle differences between adjacent images. We also analysed the average area covered by one stereo model and discussed the possible difficulty associated with this narrow coverage. In the future we consider how to reduce position errors and improve map drawing performances from UAVs.
ANALYSIS OF COMBINED UAV-BASED RGB AND THERMAL REMOTE SENSING DATA: A NEW APPROACH TO CROWD MONITORING
Authors: Schulte S. , Hillen F. , Prinz T.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Collecting vast amount of data does not solely help to fulfil information needs related to crowd monitoring, it is rather important to collect data that is suitable to meet specific information requirements. In order to address this issue, a prototype is developed to facilitate the combination of UAV-based RGB and thermal remote sensing datasets. In an experimental approach, image sensors were mounted on a remotely piloted aircraft and captured two video datasets over a crowd. A group of volunteers performed diverse movements that depict real world scenarios. The prototype is deriving the movement on the ground and is programmed in MATLAB. This novel detection approach using combined data is afterwards evaluated against detection algorithms that only use a single data source. Our tests show that the combination of RGB and thermal remote sensing data is beneficial for the field of crowd monitoring regarding the detection of crowd movement.
THERMAL REMOTE SENSING WITH UAV-BASED WORKFLOWS
Authors: Boesch R.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Climate change will have a significant influence on vegetation health and growth. Predictions of higher mean summer temperatures and prolonged summer draughts may pose a threat to agriculture areas and forest canopies. Rising canopy temperatures can be an indicator of plant stress because of the closure of stomata and a decrease in the transpiration rate. Thermal cameras are available for decades, but still often used for single image analysis, only in oblique view manner or with visual evaluations of video sequences. Therefore remote sensing using a thermal camera can be an important data source to understand transpiration processes. Photogrammetric workflows allow to process thermal images similar to RGB data. But low spatial resolution of thermal cameras, significant optical distortion and typically low contrast require an adapted workflow. Temperature distribution in forest canopies is typically completely unknown and less distinct than for urban or industrial areas, where metal constructions and surfaces yield high contrast and sharp edge information. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of interior camera orientation, tie point matching and ground control points on the resulting accuracy of bundle adjustment and dense cloud generation with a typically used photogrammetric workflow for UAVbased thermal imagery in natural environments.
ATITUDES ETNOLINGUÍSTICAS DO POVO TAPUIA DO CARRETÃO (GO) E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A ATUAÇÃO DOS PROFESSORES INDÍGENAS NO CONTEXTO DE SUAS PESQUISAS E DIFERENTES PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS INTERCULTURAIS
Authors: Nazário Maria de Lurdes
Published: August 2017

RESUMONosso objetivo é problematizar as atitudes do povo Tapuia em relação à sua identidade indígena tão questionada, por possuir um fenótipo afroindígena e fazer uso da língua portuguesa, colocando em foco impactos positivos que observamos na comunidade decorrentes da atuação de seus professores indígenas no contexto de suas pesquisas e outras práticas pedagógicas durante sua formação na licenciatura em Educação Intercultural do Núcleo Takinahakỹ de Formação Superior Indígena da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Compreendemos que os professores Tapuia junto com seu povo vêm se conscientizando, nos termos de Paulo Freire (1987), de sua realidade de opressão histórica, havendo a valorização de sua identidade diferenciada, a melhora em sua autoestima e a potencialização de sua atitude etnolinguística positiva.Palavras-chave: Povo Tapuia. Identidade. Atitudes Etnolinguísticas.Educação Intercultural.
AS DIFERENCAS E AS PARECENÇAS ENTRE ALUNOS INDÍGENAS KRIKATI E NÃO INDÍGENAS NO C. E. PARSONDAS DE CARVALHO
Authors: Araújo Karitânia dos Santos
Published: August 2017

RESUMOO artigo apresentado aqui é sobre um projeto que visava inclusão e amelhoria da interação de estudantes indígenas da Etnia Krikati em umaescola não-indígena no município de Sítio Novo do Maranhão, no Estadodo Maranhão. Discutimos sobre alteridade, identidade e as dificuldadesenfrentadas pelo alunado Krikati, em razão da ineficiência do Estado deinserir o indígena no contexto escolar vigente.Palavras chave: Diferença. Alteridade. Preconceito. Inclusão. Escola.
A PEDAGOGIA DA RETOMADA: decolonização de saberes
Authors: Pimentel da Silva Maria do Socorro
Published: August 2017

RESUMOO presente texto chama a atenção para a importância de se construir basesepistêmicas necessárias para superar as amarras da colonialidade do saber.Mostra, também, como essas bases estão sendo construídas no diálogo entre pesquisadores indígenas e não indígenas situados no Núcleo Takinahakỹ de Formação Superior Indígena da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Esta é a construção da pedagogia da retomada, que traz para o debate os saberes indígenas silenciados, colocando-os em movimentos em articulações intra e interculturais.Palavras-chave: Retomada. Epistemologia. Indígenas. Temas Contextuais.
COMPARTILHAR COM O PRÓXIMO
Authors: Tsipibu Francisco Rodrigues Tserene’ ewe
Published: August 2017

RESUMOMeu interesse maior é levantar a importância de conhecimento ecomportamento para compartilhar com o próximo o nosso costume A’uwẽUptabi.Palavras-chave: Compartilhamento. Costume milenar. Povo A’uwẽ.
Organizational Evolution and Disciplinary Transition: Case of a R&D Public Center in Mexico
Authors: Roberto Vega-Gonzalez Luis
Published: August 2017

In this work, we present the case of the Applied Sciences and Technology Development Center (CCADET, from its Spanish acronym) of the National Autonomous University of México, to show that there is a close relation between the organizational evolution and the disciplinary transition in organizations that perform research and development (R&D). The methodology used, was the division of the time life span of the center in decades to later proceed with the identification of representative projects developed during the different stages of its life. Emphasis was placed in documenting the various disciplines dominated by the individuals that conformed the intellectual capital resources required to accomplish the projects. Relating this information it was possible to identify the disciplinary transition (DT) that have occurred along the evolution of the organization.The awareness of the DT suffered by the organization and of its actual capacities is essential for organizational knowledge management and its appropriate conduction in concordance to its strategic development plans.