bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Nanoparticle Size on the Thermal Decomposition Mechanisms of 3,5-Diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone through ReaxFF Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Sun Zijian , Ji Jincheng , Zhu Weihua
Published: December 2023

ReaxFF-lg molecular dynamics method was employed to simulate the decomposition processes of IHEM−1 nanoparticles at high temperatures. The findings indicate that the initial decomposition paths of the nanoparticles with different sizes at varying temperatures are similar, where the bimolecular polymerization reaction occurred first. Particle size has little effect on the initial decomposition pathway, whereas there are differences in the numbers of the species during the decomposition and their evolution trends. The formation of the hydroxyl radicals is the dominant decomposition mechanism with the highest reaction frequency. The degradation rate of the IHEM−1 molecules gradually increases with the increasing temperature. The IHEM−1 nanoparticles with smaller sizes exhibit greater decomposition rate constants. The activation energies for the decomposition are lower than the reported experimental values of bulk explosives, which suggests a higher sensitivity.
Blockchain Ethics
Authors: Kirchschlaeger Peter G.
Published: December 2023

There is no question about the innovation force and the economic potential of blockchain technology. As the basis for new currencies, financial services, and smart contracts, blockchain technology can be seen as the fifth disruptive computing paradigm, after mainframes, personal computers, the Internet, and mobile devices. However, there are questions about its ethical implications, which have the potential to also impact the economic success of blockchain technology. This article aims to provide ethical guidance on blockchain technology. In order to reach this goal, the focus of the ethical analysis will first concentrate on the unique characteristics of blockchain technology compared to other technology-based innovations. The unique nucleus of blockchain technology can be defined as a move from the trust in people to a trust in math, as a move from an internet of information to an internet of value, or—as I would propose—a shift from an intermediated network to an immediate network. Second, the ethical opportunities (e.g., transparency, participation, global access to services) and risks (e.g., ecological impact, lack of legal monitoring and enforcement) associated with this unique nucleus of blockchain technology will be discussed. Third, an outlook on possible concrete solutions will be provided.
Catalysts Based on Nanoscale Iron and Cobalt Immobilized on Polymers for Catalytic Oxidation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Synthesis, Physico-Chemical Studies, and Tests of Catalytic Activity
Authors: Dossumova Binara T. , Sassykova Larissa R. , Shakiyeva Tatyana V. , Ilmuratova Madina S. , Sassykova Albina R. , Batyrbayeva Aigul A. , Zhaxibayeva Zhanar M. , Dzhatkambayeva Ulzhan N. , Baizhomartov Bedelzhan B.
Published: December 2023

It is known that highly efficient catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons can be obtained based on magnetic nanoparticles. The development of nanosized magnetically controlled catalysts for the oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons with oxygen deserves especially close attention in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which does not have its own industrial production of oxygen-containing compounds. The aim of this work is to create catalysts based on Fe and Co nanoparticles stabilized with polymers: polyvinylpyrrolidone, chitosan, and polyethylenimine, study them by methods of physico-chemical research, and conduct preliminary tests of catalysts to predict their effectiveness. Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by the co-precipitation method. Based on the results of the SEM analysis, it was concluded that polymers form composites together with metal nanocrystals. According to preliminary data, the most efficient oxidation of phenol in a non-flowing glass gradient-free thermostated duck-type reactor occurs on Fe3O4/chitosan, with the phenol conversion being 55–60%. Tests on the oxidation of phenol with oxygen showed a favorable prognosis for the use of such catalysts for the oxidative conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons in order to obtain valuable intermediates.
Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in an Airlift Loop Reactor: Comparison between Using Two Kinds of Spargers
Authors: Xu Xiao , Zhang Yingchun
Published: December 2023

The effects of different spargers on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of an airlift loop reactor were investigated. The gas holdup, liquid loop velocity, and volumetric mass transfer coefficient of the reactor were tested using a ring orifice distributor and a jet nozzle. The study was conducted in a 6 m high airlift loop reactor at a superficial gas velocity of 0.01~0.04 m/s, and the superficial liquid velocity was maintained at 0.0154 m/s. The results showed that using the jet nozzle provided a higher gas holdup, liquid loop velocity, and mass transfer. When the superficial gas velocity was less than 0.0325 m/s, the liquid loop velocity generated by the jet nozzle was approximately 1.1-fold higher than that generated by the ring orifice distributor, and the disparity in gas holdup between the riser and downcomer enhanced the power of liquid circulation. When the superficial gas velocity was more than 0.0325 m/s, the jet kinetic power dominated the improvement in the liquid loop velocity, and the energy input from the nozzle to the airlift loop reactor was greater than 10.8 J/(s·m2). This indicated a threshold of energy input for overcoming the friction loss. In this situation, the liquid loop velocity in the jet form increased considerably, thus favoring the mixing performance and temperature uniformity of the reactor. It was also of significance for avoiding the formation of a flow dead zone in scale-up airlift loop reactors.
Going Open Access: The Attitudes and Actions of Scientific Journal Editors in China
Authors: Fu Wenqi , Xu Jie , Fang Qing , Ding Jingjia , Ma Hanqing
Published: December 2023

This study aims to investigate the attitudes and actions of scientific journal editors in China towards open access. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 Chinese editors from various scientific journals during September and October of 2022. The results indicate that the editors generally possess knowledge of open access and have implemented an appropriate open access model for their respective journals. However, the Chinese-language journal editors expressed a lack of motivation to adopt open access, unless there is a reform in the mechanism of academic publishing or a policy is imposed. On the other hand, the English-language journal editors acknowledged that they have no other choice but to adopt open access. This study helps us learn about Chinese editors’ understanding and attitudes towards open access, the current status of open access in China’s scientific journals, and the mechanisms of academic publishing in China.
Resonance Effects in Variable Practice for Handball, Basketball, and Volleyball Skills: A Study on Contextual Interference and Differential Learning
Authors: Apidogo Julius Baba , Ammar Achraf , Salem Atef , Burdack Johannes , Schöllhorn Wolfgang Immanuel
Published: December 2023

Effective sports training should be attuned to the athlete’s specific conditionings and characteristics. In motor learning research, two often neglected factors that influence this resonance are the learner’s athletic background and the structural diversity of exercises (e.g., relative similarity). In the setting of real-word training with higher external validity, this study examines the effects of three learning approaches (i.e., contextual interference (CI), differential learning (DL), and free-play control condition (CO)) on the parallel learning of handball (HB), volleyball (VB), and basketball (BB) skills, considering participants’ prior sport backgrounds. Forty-five males (15 HB, 15 VB, and 15 BB players) with a mean age of 22 ± 1.4 years and at least 6 years of experience in the mastered discipline voluntarily participated in this study. A pre–post–retention test design including a 6-week-intervention program was employed. During the intervention period, participants engaged in three training sessions a week, with each one lasting approximately 80 min. Each of the three test sessions involved the execution of ten attempts of BB free-throw shooting, HB three-step goal throwing, and VB underarm passing following a blocked order. In terms of short-term (pre–post) gain, only the DL group significantly improved their performance in both non-mastered disciplines (p = 0.03, ES = 1.58 for the BB free-throw and p = 0.05, ES = 0.9 for the HB shooting tests), with a trend (ES = 0.53) towards an improvement in the performance of the mastered VB underarm-pass skill. In terms of relatively permanent gains, the CI group significantly improved their performances from pre- to retention test only in the non-mastered BB free-throw skill (p = 0.018, ES = 1.17). In contrast, the DL group significantly improved their performance at retention compared to the pre-test in both non-mastered BB (p = 0.004, ES = 1.65) and HB (p = 0.003, ES = 2.15) skills, with a trend (ES = 0.4) towards improvement in the mastered VB test. In both the short-term and relatively long-term, higher composite score gains were observed in DL compared to CI (p = 0.006, ES = 1.11 and 0.049, ES = 1.01) and CO (p = 0.001, ES = 1.73 and <0.0001, ES = 2.67). In conclusion, the present findings provide additional support for the potential advantages of the DL model over those of CI. These findings can serve as the basis for tailored training and intervention strategies and provide a new perspective for addressing various issues related to individual and situational learning.
Acute Effect of the “Zero Point” Method on Muscle Thickness and Muscle Damage in Trained Men
Authors: Trindade Thiago B. , Alves Ragami C. , Sousa Nuno Manuel Frade de , Lopes Charles , Castro Bruno Magalhães de , Rosa Thiago S. , Prestes Jonato
Published: December 2023

The “zero point” method allows for lower intensities for an exercise session without impairing the total training volume. This study aimed to compare the effects of the “zero point” versus the traditional method on muscle responses and muscle damage in trained men. Fifteen experienced men (age: 27.7 ± 6.4 years; body mass: 78.4 ± 11.4 kg; height: 174.8 ± 4.9 cm; experience: 5.86 ± 4.7 years; relative bench press strength: 1.38 ± 0.17 kg·kg−1) were subjected to two exercise protocols in a randomized order and separated by a week. The traditional and “zero point” methods were applied in the bench press, with loads of 70% and 50% of one repetition maximum (1RM), respectively, for 10 sets until concentric failure, with 3-min intervals between sets. The zero point method displayed a higher number of repetitions and time under tension than the traditional method, with no difference in the total training volume, echo intensity, algometry, lactate, and myoglobin. For the muscle thickness, no differences between the groups were presented, except for the deltoid muscle thickness, in which a higher post-training volume was observed compared to traditional training. The “zero point” method increases the demand on the deltoid muscles in the bench press exercise, but not on the pectoralis and triceps brachii.
Residential Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure and Cause-Specific Cerebrovascular Mortality: An Individual-Level, Case-Crossover Study
Authors: Qian Yifeng , Cai Renzhi , Su Xiaozhen , Li Qi , Jin Shan , Shi Wentao , Chen Renjie , Wang Chunfang , He Jia
Published: December 2023

Background: Existing studies have already shown a connection between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and cerebrovascular mortality. However, the differential effects of NO2 on cerebrovascular disease and its subtypes remain unclear and require further exploration. Methods: Daily stroke mortality data between 2013 and 2021 in Shanghai, China were collected. Residential daily air pollution data for each decedent were predicted from a satellite model. An individual-level, time-stratified, case-crossover design was applied to examine the relationship between NO2 exposure and cerebrovascular mortality. A combination of conditional logistic regression and distributed lag models with a maximum lag of 7 days was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 219,147 cases of cerebrovascular mortality were recorded. Among them, the proportion of sequelae of cerebrovascular disease, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke was 50.7%, 17.1% and 27.5%, respectively. The monotonic increases in mortality risks of cerebrovascular diseases, sequelae of cerebrovascular disease and ischemic stroke were observed, without any discernible thresholds. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 concentration was associated with increments of 3.62% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.56%, 4.69%] for total cerebrovascular mortality, 4.29% (95% CI: 2.81%, 5.80%) for sequelae of cerebrovascular disease mortality and 4.30% (95% CI: 2.30%, 6.33%) for ischemic stroke mortality. No positive associations between NO2 exposure and hemorrhagic stroke mortality were observed. A greater risk of NO2 was observed in the warm season, in patients with less than 9 years of education and in those with single marital status. The effects of NO2 were robust to mutual adjustment of co-pollutants. Conclusions: Short-term exposures to NO2 may increase the risk of cerebrovascular mortality, specifically for ischemic stroke and sequelae of cerebrovascular disease.
ANÁLISE DE PROPOSIÇÕES METODOLÓGICAS DE ZONEAMENTO AMBIENTAL PARA BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS: O CASO DA BACIA DO RIO TAPACURÁ, PERNAMBUCO, BRASIL
Authors: De França Richárlisson Filipe Francisco , Caldas Anildo Monteiro , Da Silva Phietra Camilly , Lacerda Gleyton Lopez Barbosa , Silva Lucas José de Souza , Neto Euzonio Rizzi , Feitosa Tiago Henrique Schwaickartt , Correia Alice Pedrosa , Braga Salatiel Ewen , Perônico Allana Monique Bezerra Lustosa
Published: December 2023

A bacia hidrográfica do rio Tapacurá, localizada em partes das cidades Vitória de Santo Antão, Chã-Grande, Moreno, São Lourenço da Mata, Pombos e Gravatá é uma sub-bacia do rio Capibaribe, sendo a maior parte da área do solo da região utilizada para agricultura, cujos impactos ao meio ambiente são altamente expressivos e, até certo ponto, poderiam ser mitigados. Nesse cenário, o presente estudo objetivou sugerir um projeto de zoneamento ambiental a fim de propor usos menos agressivos ao solo da bacia sem implicar prejuízos econômicos aos produtores locais, além de colaborar no zoneamento ambiental de outras bacias hidrográficas. A importância deste trabalho está na necessidade de se respeitar o solo e o meio ambiente ao redor das terras trabalhadas, a fim de que não faltem recursos aos produtores locais no futuro. O estudo foi realizado utilizando-se cenas de radar da missão SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), reprojetadas com Datum WGS 1984 ou SIRGAS 2000 em UTM (Universal Transversa de Mercator), submetidos a processamento e análises em Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG). Através dessa metodologia de pesquisa e processamento de dados, concluiu-se que a divisão da bacia em zonas de agricultura, pecuária, conservação e preservação ambiental é possível, e pode auxiliar no gerenciamento do uso do solo da região. Diminuindo, assim, os impactos causados pelas principais atividades econômicas do território.
CONDIÇÕES SANITÁRIAS E QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA DAS ÁGUAS MARINHAS E CANAIS DE ÁGUA DOCE DA PRAIA DO GUAIÚBA, GUARUJÁ, SP-BRASIL
Authors: Tiusso Sheila Potumatti Popovic , Saad Antonio Roberto , Dalmas Fabricio Bau , Arruda Regina De Oliveira Moraes
Published: December 2023

A utilização dos recursos hídricos para fins de recreação, principalmente as praias, apresenta importância social e econômica para o Brasil. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram avaliar microbiologicamente as águas marinhas e canais de água doce que chegam à praia de Guaiúba no município do Guarujá, SP, e as condições sanitárias da bacia em questão. Para a avaliação microbiológica foram escolhidos cinco Pontos de coleta, dois Pontos no mar e três em canais de água doce. Foram realizadas doze campanhas entre setembro de 2017 e setembro de 2018. Para quantificar Escherichia coli e Enterococos utilizou-se a técnica de membranas filtrantes. Os mapas de uso e ocupação da terra foram confeccionados a partir da metodologia de Stewart e Oke e os dados sobre esgotamento sanitário foram obtidos através do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Os valores tanto de E. Coli como Enterococos estiveram maiores nos Pontos amostrados de água doce e acima do permitido pela legislação. Para evitar impropriedade das praias e consequentemente a possibilidade de problemas de saúde aos frequentadores, deve ser realizado um monitoramento e controle das águas desses canais de drenagem a fim de coibir o aporte de contaminação para as águas da praia.
Criteria to Select Probiotics in the Russian Federation: the Result of a Survey of 1,674 Gastroenterologists
Authors:   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Bordin D.S. , Bykova S.V. , Sabelnikova E.A. , Kucheryavy Yu.A. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry,   Tver State Medical University,   Ilyinsky Hospital, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region
Published: December 2023

The article presents the overview of the results of the survey of 1,674 gastroenterologists from different regions of Russia on the criteria to select probiotic drugs in various clinical situations. The analysis of the data obtained made it possible to determine which factors influence the choice of probiotic drugs by doctors of the Russian Federation
Difficulties in Treating a Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Barysheva O.Yu. , Egorova K.E. , Golubeva A.M. , Kuprina T.V. ,   V.A. Baranov Republican Hospital, Petrozavodsk, Vezikova N.N. , Marusenko I.M. , Varlamova T.V. , Varlamova D.D.
Published: December 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) belong to nosologies, adequate treatment of which makes it possible to achieve clinical and endoscopic remission of diseases. Currently, numerous studies have been conducted confirming the effectiveness of genetically engineered biological drugs (GEBD) in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in adult patients and in children. However, GEBDs are not always effective, there is the primary inefficiency, and due to the formation of neutralizing antibodies, secondary inefficiency may develop, as well as drug intolerance. There is a question of choosing a GEBD for a particular patient. The article presents the clinical case of a young patient with ulcerative colitis and breast cancer, discusses the features of the course and approaches to the treatment of ulcerative colitis, as well as the choice of GEBD, the comorbidity of IBD and oncological diseases.
MENSTRUAL HYGIENE EDUCATION FOR ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Yanti Risna Dewi , Prasetyo Sabarinah , Sekarini Loveria , Farhati Farhati , Ekslesia Mahmud Petriana , Nur hadianti Dian
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Implementing Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) among Indonesian adolescents is still low due to a lack of knowledge. The impact of this quiet MHM practice is the risk of reproductive tract infections, so various educational efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and skills of adolescents in MHM practices.
Objectives: to identify educational interventions to improve adolescent girls' menstrual hygiene.
Method: This study used a systematic literature review method with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) approach in selecting articles from various previous studies. Research articles were obtained by accessing six electronic databases published in 2013-2023 with a population of adolescent girls. Fifteen papers that met the criteria were received.
Results: Menstrual health education interventions carried out individually were the use of bibliotherapy, and in groups were peer education and snakes and ladders edutainment, while in mass were counselling, lectures and demonstrations. Educational interventions in terms of the media used were printed media, including bibliography, index card matches, modules, pocketbooks, leaflets, booklets, and electronic media, namely slides and videos.
Conclusion: The educational interventions improved MHM's knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and each intervention carried out had different results in each improvement aspect. The most widely used method was peer education, and the most commonly used media were videos and leaflets.
EFEKTIVITAS KONSUMSI BUAH PEPAYA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN NAFSU MAKAN BALITA
Authors: Farida Yuli , Fariji Achmad , Mardianti Mardianti
Published: December 2023

Berdasarkan survei Riskesdas 2018, terdapat angka prevalensi gizi buruk dan kurang pada anak usia lima tahun ke bawah sebesar 17,7%. Permasalahan tantangan gizi pada balita tidak dapat dipisahkan dari terjadinya kesulitan makan yang umum terjadi pada kelompok usia ini. Sebuah penelitian yang dilakukan di Jakarta, Indonesia, berfokus pada anak-anak usia prasekolah dan mengungkapkan tingkat prevalensi masalah makan sebesar 33,6%. Menurut Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Karawang,  270 bayi dan anak kecil menderita gizi buruk pada tahun 2016. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi buah pepaya mungkin berdampak positif terhadap  nafsu makan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji efektivitas pemberian buah pepaya sebagai sarana meningkatkan nafsu makan balita di Puskesmas Adiarsa yang terletak di Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian quasi eksperimen. Kelompok perlakuan mendapat pijat nafsu makan dan buah pepaya  dan kelompok kontrol hanya mendapat pijat nafsu makan. Pengamatan selanjutnya dilakukan untuk membandingkan hasil kedua kelompok. Teknik sampling mengunakan purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh total 116 sampel yang terdiri dari 58 kasus dan 58 kontrol. Uji statistik menggunakan Uji T-Independen. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik pada rata-rata tingkat nafsu makan antara balita yang mengonsumsi buah pepaya dan yang tidak mengonsumsi buah pepaya (p=0,744). Salah satu rekomendasi bagi peneliti selanjutnya adalah mengatasi potensi variabel perancu untuk memitigasi dampaknya terhadap hasil penelitian. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, akan lebih baik jika dilakukan standarisasi penyediaan menu makanan untuk meminimalkan pengaruh perbedaan pola makan. Durasi penelitian dapat melebihi satu bulan, yang mencakup kegiatan pemantauan dan evaluasi. Selain itu, penelitian dapat dilakukan secara offline.
EFFECTS OF VARIOUS HOUSING SYSTEMS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EQUINE BEHAVIOR IN THOROUGHBRED HORSE PAKISTAN
Authors: Baboo Abdul Saleem Alias , Rajput Muhammad Naeem , Behan Atique Ahmed , Rajput Nasir , Marri Noor -un-Nisa , Tunio Shakeel Ahmed , Siddiqui Shahrood Ahmed
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted to investigate the impact of various housing systems on the development of equine stereotypies. N=120 x Thoroughbred Pakistan of three different groups (A=40 horses 2years not gelded, B= 40 age 3 years and C= 40 four years gelded) were kept in four distinct types of housing systems, (SHSNI) Single Housing System No Interaction, (SHSLI) Single Housing System Limited Interaction, (DHS) Double Housing System and (GHS) Group Housing. The study was conducted in four phases (Phase-I SHSNI, Phase-II SHSNI, Phase- III DHS and Phase- IVGHS were used) and each phase was comprised of 30 days duration. On every 10th day parameters were recorded, and three readings were recorded in every housing system. A comprehensive set of 12 readings recorded through video recording, personal observation and information provided by horse handlers and randomized complete block design was performed for statistical analysis. Housing systems had significant (p<0.05) impact on the development of stereotypies. The highest incidence of stereotypies 35.83% was found in SHSNI, followed by 29.13% in DHS, 18.31% in GHS and the lowest 16.63% in SHSLI.  The maximum number of horses displayed weaving (7.29%), behavior followed by kicking (6.45%), biting (6.03%) and crib-biting (5.83%). The groups (non-gelding and gelding) were found non-significant (p>0.05). The study concludes that SHSLI is more suitable needed to be adopted, system has necessary social interaction, less stereotypies with limited injuries as compared to alternative housing systems.
Diplomatik Amaçlarla Yabancı Dil Olarak Arapça Öğretimi İçin Önerilen Bir Öğretim Ünitesi
Authors: MUKHTAR Amr
Published: December 2023

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.هدفُ البحثِ تقديمُ وَحْدَةٍ تعليميَّةٍ مُقترحةٍ لتعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة للنَّاطقين بغيرها استنادًا إلى مدخل تعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة. تلخَّصت مُشكلةُ البحث في الافتقار إلى دراسات جادَّة تهتم بتنمية مهارات دارسي اللُّغة العربيَّة النَّاطقين بغيرها العاملين بالمجال الدِّبلوماسيّ، والافتقار إلى وحدات تعليمية تستند إلى أسس علميَّة، وتوجهات حديثة يمكن الاستناد إليها في تنمية تلك المهارات. تكوَّن الإطار النَّظري للبحث من بُعدينِ؛ عرض البعدُ الأولُ تعليمَ اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة؛ مُوضحًا مفهوم تعليم العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة ومداخل تعليمها، ثم عَرَّف تعليم العربيَّة لأغراض دِبلُومَاسيَّة، وبيَّن أهمية المدخل الاتصالي في تعليم اللُّغة، وعرض البعدُ الثَّاني بناءَ وحدةٍ تعليميَّةٍ لتعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض دِبلُومَاسيَّة موضحًا أسس بناء الوَحْدَة التَّعليميَّة لأغراض دِبلُومَاسيَّة، وتحليل حاجات الدَّارسين العاملين في المجال الدِّبلوماسيِّ، ثمَّ عرض البحثُ لتصوُّر مُقترح لوَحْدَة تعليميَّة لتعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة للنَّاطقين بغيرها استنادًا إلى مدخل تعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة، مُوضحًا مداخل تعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة، وَكَشفَ عن أهمية توظيف المدخل التَّعليمِيّ القائم على تحليل الحاجات للعاملين بالمجال الدِّبلوماسيّ، وكذلك أهمية الاستناد إلى أُسسٍ تربويَّة وأُسسٍ نفسيَّة وأسس ثقافيَّة لتنمية المهارات اللُّغويَّة لديهم. تظهر أهمية هذا البحث في مساعدة الدَّارسين العاملين بالعمل الدِّبلوماسيّ في تحقيق رغبتهم في تعلم اللُّغة العربيَّة، واكتساب المهارات اللُّغوية الخاصَّة بالعمل الدِّبلوماسيّ، مما يزيد فرصتهم في فهم المجتمع والتواصل مع أفراده، وكذا التكيُّف والتَّواصل مع مصادر المعرفة المتعددة وفهم مغزاها ومضمونها، وكذلك تكوين انطباع جيد لديهم عن المجتمع العربي.
أكَّدَ البحثُ في خاتمته أهمية تعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض دِبلُومَاسيَّة، مع ضرورة تبنِّي التَّوجهات والاتجاهات الحديثة في مجال تعليم اللُّغات، ومن أهمِّها مدخل تعليم العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة في ضوء حاجات الدَّارسينَ، كذلك أكَّد البحثُ على ضرورة تنمية المهارات اللُّغويَّة بصورة تكامليَّة لتحقِّقَ الهدف العام من تعلُّم اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة، كذلك أوصى البحثُ بضرورة الاهتمام بإعداد الكتب التَّعليميَّة لأغراض دبلوماسيّة في ضوء التَّوجهات الحديثة، والمداخل التي تستندُ إلى حاجات المتعلمين، وضرورة إعادة النَّظر في محتوى برامج تعليم اللُّغة العربيَّة لأغراض خاصَّة دِبلُومَاسيَّة في ضوء مُستجداتِ العمل الدِّبلوماسيّ.
Investigando o entendimento de estudantes de Ensino Médio sobre Produção Ecológica
Authors: Dias Mariana Gonçalves , Fernandes Giovana França Carneiro , De Quadros Ana Luiza
Published: December 2023

A produção de alimentos chamados de orgânicos tem aumentado nas últimas décadas, mas é incontestavelmente menor quando comparada com a produção convencional. É de ressaltar, entretanto, que o aumento dessa produção depende ainda da demanda dos consumidores. Considerando que a escola é um lócus de discussão de assuntos relacionados aos alimentos, desenvolvemos este trabalho com o objetivo de analisar o entendimento/opinião de um grupo de estudantes sobre os produtos orgânicos e sua produção. Para isso, elaboramos um questionário que foi respondido por estudantes de duas escolas, uma da rede estadual e outra da rede federal de ensino. A análise dos dados mostrou que esse conhecimento é bastante limitado, o que contribui significativamente para que os estudantes não confiem em produtos comercializados como “orgânicos”. Isso traz implicações para o campo das Ciências da Natureza, uma vez que é nesse campo que os estudantes podem ser auxiliados a perceber o caráter indissociável entre a produção de alimentos e a preservação dos recursos naturais.
Prevalência de parasitismo gastrointestinal em cães e gatos de São Miguel do Oeste e avaliação de riscos à saúde humana e animal
Authors: Buzatti Andréia , Pissatto Jéssica Decker , Guarangni Leticia Zanin , Da Silva Maria Eduarda Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer o diagnóstico laboratorial e avaliar a prevalência de parasitos gastrointestinais e de ectoparasitos em cães e gatos oriundos da rotina de atendimento clínico da CLINIVET – Clínica Veterinária da Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina - UNOESC, Campus de São Miguel do Oeste.  Além disso, também avaliar o parasitismo por agentes com potencial zoonótico, os quais podem apresentar riscos para a saúde pública. Durante os anos de 2018 a 2022 foram analisadas ao todo 178 amostras de fezes de cães e gatos e 48 amostras de cães para pesquisa de ectoparasitos. Das amostras de fezes, 65 (36,51%) foram de felinos e 113 (63,48%) foram de caninos. Os resultados demonstraram maior prevalência das espécies: Ancylostoma caninum e cati (23,68%), Cystoisospora spp. (32,89%), Giardia spp. (11,84%), Trichuris vulpis (9,21%), Toxocara cati e T. canis (10,52%) e amostra sugestiva para Toxoplasma gondii (11,84%).  Na pesquisa de ectoparasitos foi possível observar a presença de Sarcoptes scabiei, Demodex canis e o carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Os resultados observados ressaltam que o controle destes agentes é fundamental para a sanidade dos animais e reforçam a necessidade de medidas de controle parasitário adequado, assim como, de orientar a população acerca do assunto.
Metodologias ativas e usos: gamificação como estratégia de aprendizagem
Authors: De Abreu Ademir José , Ribeiro Ademilson Pereira , Da Silva Anderson Ferreira , Junqueira Francis de Paula
Published: December 2023

O mundo moderno clama por soluções modernas e na educação não poderia ser diferente. Muitas metodologias ativas estão sendo propostas para que as aulas em particular de matemática possam ficar mais significativas para as crianças e jovens de modo geral. Então, os uso de metodologias ativas, em particular a gamificação se apresenta como uma boa resposta para aumento de rendimento escolar dos alunos. Objetivou-se com esse artigo verificar se houve ganho no rendimento dos alunos 5º e 6º anos, ensino fundamental do colégio Santa Luzia, na cidade de Campos Gerais/MG. Vinculado a rede Anglo/SOMOS. Tais observações foram realizadas durante o período de abril a outubro de 2023. Tamanho esforço se justifica por apresentar um uso eficaz das tecnologias a favor da escola e não gerar uma guerra entre alunos e métodos de ensino e aprendizagem utilizados pelos jovens, ou seja, falar a mesma língua que eles estão falando. Confirma-se (H0) em detrimento de (H1) quando no final do segundo bimestre verificou-se um ganho de 20 a 30%, em média, no aprendizado e rendimento quantitativos dos alunos. A metodologia utilizada na realização desse trabalho é predominantemente observacional e os resultados são apresentados de maneira descritiva. É, portanto, uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa. Realizada junto aos alunos do 5º e 6º anos, ensino fundamental do colégio Santa Luzia, na cidade de Campos Gerais/MG. Vinculado a rede Anglo/SOMOS. Tais observações foram realizadas durante o período de abril a outubro de 2023. Por fim, deve-se ressaltar que a gamificação não 100% benefícios e que alguns cuidados devem ser tomados. Reforça-se o fato da rede possuir um material integrado e transversal, além de outros games que favorecem a diversificação e a progressão dos alunos, de modo que não fique uma atividade maçante e repetitiva.
Outras ferramentas da mediação nas serventias de notas e de registro brasileiras
Authors: Machado Bruno Cesar de Oliveira
Published: December 2023

O direito, como a sociedade, está em constante evolução. No Brasil, vivenciamos um incentivo público à cultura de paz, onde o Estado confere poderes aos particulares para que solucionem suas próprias demandas. Certamente por sua convivência com a comunidade, a Lei nº 13.140/2015 deu destaque às serventias de notas e de registro no mesmo artigo em que ressaltou as mediações comunitárias e escolares. Sendo assim, como profissionais do direito, como terceiros neutros, notários e registradores devem responder ao seu chamado e ofertar à população todos os meios alternativos de solução de conflitos legalmente disponíveis. Nesse aspecto, busca-se demonstrar que não há necessidade de uma nova legislação para que sejam aplicadas outras formas de resolução de conflitos, eis que já autorizadas pela referida lei.
Evaluation of vitamin C content and analysis by infrared spectroscopy of the pulp of araçá Psidium brownianum Mart. Ex DC
Authors: Cordeiro Cícera Josevânia Daniel , Oliveira Thiago Mielle Brito Ferreira , Da Silva Carmen Luce Durate , Machado Adriana Rodrigues , Machado Maria Inês Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

Araçá, belonging to the Myrtaceae family, is a small, round fruit with soft pulp. Araçá species have shown an important potential with characteristics of nutritional interest, such as richness in vitamins and antioxidants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the vitamin C content and perform infrared analysis of the pulp of the araçá species Psidium brownianum Mart. ex DC, found in the National Forest of Araripe, Ceará, Brazil. The analysis of ascorbic acid content was performed by electrochemical technique using a Potentiostat/Galvanostat, Metrohn Autolab, model PGSTAT 101, and for the analysis by infrared spectroscopy of the pulp of araçá Psidium brownianum Mart. ex DC, a Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer FT-IR VERTEX 70 V, Bruker, was used. In this study, the value of 109.3 mg of ascorbic acid per 100 g of sample was found for the pulp of Psidium brownianum Mart. ex DC. The verification of ascorbic acid content in a sample is of great relevance, since, according to studies, this vitamin exerts important effects in the organism, being considered an excellent antioxidant, acting also in the formation of collagen, iron absorption and immune response. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis allowed the identification of the functional groups present in the studied sample, such as alkyl, alkene, and carbonyl groups, allowing a better knowledge of the species.
El investigador educativo frente a las acciones acordes a las sociedades de hoy
Authors: García-Perea María Dolores
Published: December 2023

Las sociedades de hoy están en continua transformación. Por ello, los actores educativos, en especial, el investigador identifique, elija y desarrolle las acciones que requiere la sociedad, sin omitir las generadas en otros periodos históricos. Lamentablemente, existen tanto investigadores como autoridades institucionales y educativos que desconocen las acciones acordes a esta época histórica y, quienes las identifican, en ocasiones las ignoran por la ausencia de apoyos institucionales para llevarlas a cabo o deciden cubrir los gastos económicos de manera personal para desarrollarlas según sus convicciones. Ante estas situaciones, en el presente trabajo se identifica las acciones, acordes a las sociedades actuales y las realizadas por tres investigadoras que laboran en instituciones educativas de posgrado ubicadas en distintos estados de la república mexicana. La investigación realizada es cualitativa, con referente teórico y empírico. Se privilegia el análisis interpretativo y crítico, el enfoque situacional, la intencionalidad prospectiva, el estudio de caso y está orientada hacia la biográfica profesional.  Entre las conclusiones se encuentran: aún de los pocos o nulos apoyos económicos, tecnológicos, humanos y materiales, las informantes del trabajo, reconocen, eligen y desarrollan algunas de las nuevas acciones por convicción y ética profesional, sin descartar las asignadas en el momento de su contratación laboral.
Análise das características operacionais das perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja em uma fazenda localizada no município de Monte do Carmo-TO
Authors: Amaral Wilketly Carolinny de Oliveira , Sobrinho William Brasil Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em analisar as características operacionais das perdas relacionadas à colheita do grão de soja, em uma lavoura de 200 hectares localizada em uma fazenda produtora de pequeno porte no município de Monte do Carmo – TO. Valendo-se de uma armação artesanal de 2m² e utilizando uma metodologia de contagem por amostragem de grãos perdidos no solo, quando da realização da colheita mecanizada. Os resultados indicaram que houve uma perda de aproximadamente 520 sacas de grãos de soja, o equivalente a 4,5% de sacas de grãos de soja perdidos quando da colheita. Considerando que a literatura aponta que o índice tolerável de perdas corresponde a aproximadamente 1 saca por hectare, os resultados constatam o equivalente a uma perda de 2,6 sacas de grãos de soja por hectare. As principais evidências das causas de perdas identificadas durante o processo de colheita foram relacionadas aos altos volumes de chuva no período e a falta de manutenção adequada da máquina colhedeira.
Comparação físico-química e avaliação antioxidante de méis de abelhas jataí (Tetragonisca angustula) e africanizada (Apis mellifera L.) produzidos no município de Joinville-SC
Authors: Da Silva Tainara Luciano , Schroeder Gabriela Sangalli , Venâncio Stefany de Mira , Milarch Carine de Freitas
Published: December 2023

O mel consiste em uma solução sobressaturada de açúcares, produzido por abelhas melíferas a partir do néctar das flores. Possui alto grau de complexidade em sua composição, e até o momento já foram encontradas 181 substâncias distintas. O presente estudo realizou uma comparação das análises físico-químicas e capacidade antioxidante total entre amostras de méis de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) e de abelhas sem ferrão Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula) de amostras obtidas na cidade de Joinville-SC. Foi possível observar que o mel de abelha nativa apresentou 73,68% de açúcares totais, enquanto que o mel de abelhas africanizadas foi de 63,78%. Já o teor de açúcares redutores obtidos para A. mellifera foi de 59,97%, enquanto que para T. Angustula foi de 70,08%, assim as amostras de méis de abelhas africanizadas mostra-se fora do valor estabelecido pela Legislação Brasileiras sobre qualidade de méis, na qual determina que o mel deve apresentar no mínimo 65% de açúcares redutores, ou seja, 65g/100g de mel. No entanto, foi observado que a capacidade antioxidante total nos méis de abelhas nativas (18,53 µmol/L) foi superior quando comparado com os méis de abelhas africanizadas (10,76 µmol/L). Embora foi observada diferenças entres os valores para hidroximetilfurfural (HMF) do mel de abelhas jataí (18,6 mg/kg) e africanizada (23,3 mg/kg), os valores ficaram dentro do limite aceitável para este parâmetro.  Assim, o presente estudo evidenciou que há diferenças entre os méis das duas abelhas, e que de forma muito relevante, o mel das abelhas nativas apresentou capacidade antioxidante total superior do que o mel de abelhas exóticas, evidenciando a necessidade de mais estudos aprofundando esta temática.
Variabel-Variabel yang Memengaruhi Status Partisipasi Pendidikan Prasekolah di Pulau Sumatera Tahun 2021
Authors: Nugroho Guntur , Setiadi Yaya
Published: December 2023

Pada tahun 2021, seluruh provinsi di Pulau Sumatera memiliki capaian APK PAUD di bawah nasional dan antar kabupaten/kota di dalamnya memiliki capaian yang bervariasi. Hal ini mengindikasikan partisipasi prasekolah di Pulau Sumatera masih tergolong rendah dan tidak merata. Padahal, infrastruktur penunjang penyelenggaraan pendidikan prasekolah di Pulau Sumatera tergolong cukup memadai dibandingkan pulau lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variabel-variabel pada level individual dan level kabupaten/kota yang signifikan memengaruhi status partisipasi pendidikan prasekolah di Pulau Sumatera, beserta besarnya pengaruh dari setiap variabel tersebut. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi probit biner multilevel. Dari hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa variabel jenis kelamin anak, usia anak, klasifikasi wilayah tempat tinggal, kuintil pengeluaran per kapita rumah tangga, ukuran rumah tangga, status ibu menggunakan internet, pendidikan tertinggi ibu, dan rasio pendidik per 100 anak usia 3-6 tahun berpengaruh signifikan terhadap status partisipasi pendidikan prasekolah di Pulau Sumatera tahun 2021.
Pengaruh Konsumsi Masyarakat Indonesia terhadap Ketahanan Pangan Nasional
Authors: A.W Vilentine Tessalonica , Fitriyani Arum Eka , Febrianti Mita , Lesmana Muhammad Erza , Lukman Raif Maulana , Budiasih Budiasih
Published: December 2023

Pangan merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi manusia untuk dapat hidup dan memperbaiki kehidupannya. Global Food Security Index (GFSI) dan Indeks Ketahanan Pangan (IKP) masing-masing menjadi ukuran dalam mengukur seberapa baik ketahanan pangan di Dunia dan Indonesia. Pada tahun 2022 skor GFSI Indonesia berada di urutan 69 di dunia dan urutan ke enam di negara ASEAN. GFSI Indonesia juga mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2018 hingga 2021. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi terhadap penurunan tingkat ketahanan pangan yang tercermin melalui skor GFSI Indonesia periode 2018-2021 berdasarkan 2 aspek GFSI, yaitu Affordability serta Availability. Data yang digunakan merupakan data panel 34 Provinsi di Indonesia selama periode tahun 2018 hingga 2021 yang dianalisis menggunakan metode regresi data panel. Random Effect Model (REM) terpilih sebagai model terbaik dalam penelitian ini dengan hasil menunjukkan bahwa Produktivitas Padi, Konsumsi Total Beras, dan Konsumsi Protein berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Tingkat Ketahanan Pangan.
Implementasi Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) pada Determinasi Faktor Produksi Beras di Indonesia Tahun 2021
Authors: Wicaksono Ditto Satrio , Kusumasari Pamelina Alisha , Fajar Huda M. , Fajritia Rahajeng , Puspita Anggraini I Gusti Ayu , Budiasih Budiasih
Published: December 2023

Ketahanan pangan merupakan salah satu kewajiban negara dalam menjamin kebutuhan akan pangan yang layak dan terjangkau bagi masyarakat terutama kebutuhan beras. Namun, maraknya alih fungsi lahan dengan tidak meratanya produksi beras antarprovinsi menjadi tantangan bagi pemerintah untuk mencapai ketahanan pangan nasional. Memahami kondisi tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi beras pada setiap provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2021. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensia dengan memanfaatkan metode Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) dikarenakan keberadaan faktor spasial berupa provinsi dan terdapat heterogenitas spasial dari pemodelan global. Model GWR menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik dibandingkan model global untuk pemodelan pertumbuhan produksi beras di Indonesia. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan terdapat enam kelompok wilayah berdasarkan variabel yang signifikan. Selain itu, tenaga kerja menjadi faktor utama dalam meningkatkan produksi beras di seluruh provinsi dan intesitas penggunaan pupuk perlu diperhatikan dalam mencapai ketahanan pangan di Indonesia.
Determinan Kemiskinan Pekerja Sektor Pariwisata di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Saat Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Nalom Gian Ananta , Sumarni Cucu
Published: December 2023

Pandemi COVID-19 meningkatkan kemiskinan di Indonesia dan salah satu sektor yang paling terdampak adalah pariwisata. Provinsi DI Yogyakarta sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata di Indonesia, mengalami penurunan pariwisata selama pandemi yang menyebabkan meningkatnya kemiskinan serta timbulnya fenomena pekerja miskin sektor pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis determinan status kemiskinan pekerja sektor pariwisata di Provinsi DI Yogyakarta saat pandemi. Data bersumber dari Sakernas Agustus serta publikasi BPS tahun 2020 dengan metode multilevel logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pekerja di sektor pariwisata perempuan; berusia 55 tahun keatas; berpendidikan SMP ke bawah; bekerja kurang dari setahun; jumlah jam kerja kurang dari 35 jam seminggu; tidak menggunakan internet; dan bekerja pada jasa pariwisata selain perdagangan, transportasi, dan jasa akomodasi berpeluang lebih besar berstatus pekerja miskin. Selain itu, ditunjukkan bahwa kunjungan wisatawan signifikan menurunkan kecenderungan berstatus miskin pada pekerja sektor pariwisata saat pandemi di Provinsi DI Yogyakarta.
Clustering Wilayah Potensi dan Strategi Pengembangan Komoditas Unggulan Tanaman Hortikultura dan Palawija Level Kecamatan di Sumatera Barat Tahun 2021
Authors: Widyatami Afifatul Ilma , Reistiani Viana Mei
Published: December 2023

Tanaman pangan dan hortikultura merupakan komoditas penyumbang kontribusi PDRB terbesar bagi sektor pertanian. Tenaga kerja pada sektor pertanian juga masih menjadi tulang punggung penyerapan tenaga kerja di Sumatera Barat. Komoditas unggulan menjadi suatu hal yang penting dalam fokus pembangunan suatu daerah untuk peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Klaster wilayah potensi tanaman pangan dan hortikultura diperlukan untuk mengetahui komoditas unggulan suatu wilayah hingga level kecamatan sehingga pembangunan wilayah dapat difokuskan pada komoditas unggul tersebut. Metode K-Means digunakan karena memiliki kelebihan saling independen antar klaster yang terbentuk dan tidak tumpang tindih. Pada awal pembentukkan klaster menggunakan metode within cluster variation untuk mencapai kondisi ideal, yaitu variasi yang kecil di dalam klaster dan variasi yang besar antar klaster. Wilayah potensi tanaman palawija yang teridentifikasi terdapat di 38 kecamatan. Sedangkan untuk tanaman hortikultura, wilayah potensi teridentifikasi terdapat pada 17 kecamatan untuk tanaman sayur dan buah semusim, 14 kecamatan untuk tanaman biofarmaka, 39 kecamatan untuk tanaman buah dan sayur tahunan, dan 5 kecamatan tanaman hias.  Setelah mengetahui komoditas unggul suatu wilayah, dilakukan pengkajian strategi peningkatan produksi sebagai tindak lanjut penentu majunya komoditas unggul pada suatu wilayah.
Kajian Kebijakan Larangan Ekspor Bijih Nikel Indonesia
Authors: Fadlillah Sarafina , Wahyuni Krismanti Tri
Published: December 2023

Indonesia, sebagai produsen bijih nikel terbesar di dunia, berupaya meningkatkan ekspor olahan nikel dengan menetapkan kebijakan larangan ekspor bijih nikel. Meskipun demikian, Indonesia tidak termasuk ke dalam lima belas negara ekspor nikel terbesar di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran umum volume ekspor olahan nikel Indonesia, serta menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan larangan ekspor bijih nikel Indonesia dan faktor lain terhadap volume ekspor olahan nikel Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah grafik garis dan Error Correction Mechanism (ECM). Pada jangka panjang, volume ekspor olahan nikel Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh dummy Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 1 Tahun 2014, dummy Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 11 Tahun 2019, PDB industri China, nilai tukar riil rupiah terhadap dolar AS, dan harga olahan nikel dunia. Sedangkan pada jangka pendek, volume ekspor olahan nikel Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh dummy Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 11 Tahun 2019, PDB industri China, dan nilai tukar riil rupiah terhadap dolar AS.