bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic efficacy of isavuconazole and potassium iodide in a cat with refractory sporotrichosis
Authors: Roldán Villalobos Wendie , Monti Fabiana , Ferreira Tássia , Sato Sabrina , Telles Flávio , Farias Marconi
Published: June 2023

A seven‐month‐old, male, domestic short‐hair cat was presented with nodular and ulcerative lesions, as well as respiratory signs, caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis infection. Owing to lack of response to oral itraconazole and potassium iodide, isavuconazole was substituted for itraconazole, leading to clinical cure after three months of treatment without adverse effects.
The aftermath of corona virus disease on antimicrobial resistance across low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Dey Pia , Parai Debaprasad , Hossain Sk Tofajjen , Mukherjee Samir Kumar
Published: June 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical challenge to modern medicine. The number of resistance cases worldwide has been increasing exponentially, and it is estimated that by 2050, the AMR mortality rate will be ten times higher than it is today. The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic compromised the research on AMR by deprioritizing proper monitoring of preventive measures and control programs, innovation and global health programs, and use antimicrobial stewardship (AS). With the current scenario of sporadic COVID-19 cases around the world, it is impossible to accurately evaluate the impact that the pandemic had on AMR and AS due to insufficient reports. However, it’s possible to speculate what the scenario will look like by surveying the escalation in unmethodical antimicrobial, the increase in secondary bacterial and fungal infections, and the extension in hospital stay and adverse medical exigency during the second wave when compared to the first wave. COVID-19 exposed the harsh reality that even countries with the best medical facilities struggled to meet national healthcare needs during a pandemic. In such circumstances, the clinical and scientific communities need to understand that available global medical amenities wouldbe insufficient to face an upcoming AMR pandemic. Therefore, international surveillance systems need to highlight the deficiencies in AMR containment and mitigation and develop strategies to address future challenges.
An Analytical Solution to Predict Temperatures of Dumbbell-Shaped Rubber Specimens Under Cyclic Deformation
Authors: Ma Shaosen , Guo Yunting , Liu Wei Victor
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study is to propose an analytical solution that can predict the temperatures of dumbbell-shaped rubber specimens under cyclic deformation. Initially, a new mathematical equation was formulated by modifying the Mooney–Rivlin strain energy function, using the pseudo-elasticity theory and the inverse analysis method. This equation was utilized to calculate the internal heat generation rates of rubber compounds. With heat generation rates, the governing equation of heat conduction and the mathematical expression of boundary conditions were created to describe the heat transfer that occurs within the rubber compounds. By having these equations, a novel analytical solution was developed—the RTDS solution (a solution to predict Rubber Temperatures in Dumbbell-shaped Specimens). This RTDS solution was used to predict rubber temperatures in dumbbell-shaped specimens under cyclic deformation. The results showed that the RTDS solution took 11.9 s to derive the rubber temperature results with an average mean absolute percent error (MAPE) of 9.2% compared with lab recordings. The RTDS solution identified a logarithmic increase in rubber temperatures at rising strain levels, and it also identified an increase in rubber temperatures with the rising strain rates. According to the RTDS solution, there was an inverse correlation between the increases in rubber temperature and the ambient temperatures.
Body Force Modeling of the Fan Stage of a Windmilling Turbofan
Authors: Lagha Massyl , Dufour Guillaume
Published: June 2023

The determination of the rotational speed and massflow of the fan of a turbofan at windmill is critical in the design of the engine-supporting structure and the sizing of the vertical stabilizer. Given the very high bypass ratio obtained at windmill, the flow in the fan stage and bypass duct is of prime interest. Classical computational fluid dynamics simulations have been shown to predict such flows accurately, but extensive parametric studies can be needed, stressing the need for reduced-cost modeling of the flow in the engine. A body force modeling (BFM) approach for windmilling simulations is examined in the present contribution. The BFM approach replaces turbomachinery rows by source terms, reducing the computational cost (here by a factor 6). A shaft model is coupled to the BFM source terms, to drive the simulation to a power balance of the low-pressure shaft. The overall approach is thus self-contained and can predict both the massflow and the rotational speed in the windmilling regime. Comparisons with engine experimental results show the proposed model can predict the rotational speed within 7%, and the massflow within 5%. Local analysis and comparisons with experimental data and reference blade calculations show that the work exchange, in term of total temperature variation, is predicted within 0.5 K, and the overall total pressure ratio within 1%. However, the losses in the stator are largely underestimated, which explains the discrepancy for the massflow predictions.
Ultrasound findings of Castleman’s disease of the parotid gland
Authors: Ding Lan , Chen Xiaoping , Zhu Xiuxiu
Published: June 2023

.
Crystallinity degradation and defect development in (AlxGa1−x)2O3 thin films with increased Al composition
Authors: Ohtsuki Takumi , Higashiwaki Masataka
Published: June 2023

We systematically analyzed the Al composition dependences of the structural properties of (AlxGa1−x)2O3 thin films grown on β-Ga2O3 (010) substrates. The crystal structure was characterized by x-ray diffraction, and the surface morphology was observed by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and atomic force microscopy. In the 100-nm-thick thin films, the crystallinity began to degrade and defects appeared on the surface when the Al composition x exceeded about 0.16. The defects developed mainly along the [201] direction and slightly along the [001] direction as x increased. The boundary where the thin film quality changed was close to a critical thickness curve calculated using the Matthews–Blakeslee model assuming the slip system of ⟨201⟩{102¯}.
Incision Precision: Engaging Students during Dissection Labs
Authors: Faucette Azure N.
Published: June 2023

Active learning tools, such as gamification, have facilitated teamwork and improved decision-making skills in Anatomy and Physiology classes. However, most Anatomy and Physiology labs currently contain dissection activities where students are not likely to engage in inquiry, critical thinking, or problem-solving.
Integrated application of transcriptomics and metabolomics provides insights into acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp
Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Sun Mingzhe , Yu Yang , Li Shihao , Liu Yuan , Zhang Xiaojun , Li Fuhua
Published: June 2023

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has caused a huge economic loss to shrimp aquaculture.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
(Vp
AHPND
) is regarded as a major causative agent of AHPND in the Pacific white shrimp
Litopenaeus vannamei
. However, knowledge about how shrimp resist to AHPND is very limited. In order to learn the molecular mechanisms underlying AHPND resistance of shrimp, comparison between disease-resistant family and susceptible family of
L. vannamei
were performed at transcriptional and metabolic levels. Integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics on hepatopancreas of shrimp, the target tissue of Vp
AHPND
, showed that significant differences existed between resistant family and susceptible family of shrimp. The susceptible family showed higher level of glycolysis, serine-glycine metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism, but lower level of betaine-homocysteine metabolism in the hepatopancreas in comparison with the resistant family without Vp
AHPND
infection. Curiously, Vp
AHPND
infection induced up-regulation of glycolysis, serine-glycine metabolism, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and pentose phosphate pathway, and down-regulation of betaine-homocysteine metabolism in resistant family. In addition, arachidonic acid metabolism and some immune pathways, like NF-κB and cAMP pathways, were up-regulated in the resistant family after Vp
AHPND
infection. In contrast, amino acid catabolism boosted via PEPCK-mediated TCA cycle flux was activated in the susceptible family after Vp
AHPND
infection. These differences in transcriptome and metabolome between resistant family and susceptible family might contribute to the resistance of shrimp to bacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Vibrio parahaemolyticus
(Vp
AHPND
) is a major aquatic pathogen causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and leads to a huge economic loss to shrimp aquaculture. Despite the recent development of controlling culture environment, disease resistant broodstock breeding is still a sustainable approach for aquatic disease control. Metabolic changes occurred during Vp
AHPND
infection, but knowledge about the metabolism in resistance to AHPND is very limited. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome revealed the basal metabolic differences exhibited between disease-resistant and susceptible shrimp. Amino acid catabolism might contribute to the pathogenesis of Vp
AHPND
and arachidonic acid metabolism might be responsible for the resistance phenotype. This study will help to enlighten the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying shrimp resistance to AHPND. Also, the key genes and metabolites of amino acid and arachidonic acid pathway identified in this study will be applied for disease resistance improvement in the shrimp culture industry.
Gp05, a Prophage-Encoded Virulence Factor, Contributes to Persistent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Endovascular Infection
Authors: Li Yi , Zhu Fengli , Manna Adhar C. , Chen Liang , Jiang Jason , Hong Jong-In , Proctor Richard A. , Bayer Arnold S. , Cheung Ambrose L. , Xiong Yan Q.
Published: June 2023

Persistent endovascular infections are often caused by MRSA strains that are susceptible to anti-MRSA antibiotics
in vitro
by CLSI breakpoints. Thus, the persistent outcome represents a unique variant of traditional antibiotic resistance mechanisms and a significant therapeutic challenge. Prophage, a critical mobile genetic element carried by most MRSA isolates, provides their bacterial host with metabolic advantages and resistance mechanisms.
The Early Life Microbiota Is Not a Major Factor Underlying the Susceptibility to Postweaning Diarrhea in Piglets
Authors: Beaumont Martin , Lencina Corinne , Bertide Allan , Gallo Lise , Barilly Céline , Marrauld Christelle , Cauquil Laurent , Samson Arnaud , Combes Sylvie
Published: June 2023

This study shows that the fecal microbiota composition and metabolic activity are similar in suckling piglets (13 days after birth) that either later develop post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) or not, which is a major threat for animal welfare that also causes important economic losses and antibiotic treatments in pig production. The aim of this work was to study a large cohort of piglets raised in separates environments, which is a major factor influencing the early life microbiota.
Variability of Inverted Repeats in All Available Genomes of Bacteria
Authors: Porubiaková Otília , Havlík Jan , Indu  , Šedý Michal , Přepechalová Veronika , Bartas Martin , Bidula Stefan , Šťastný Jiří , Fojta Miroslav , Brázda Václav
Published: June 2023

Our manuscript reports for the first time a complete analysis of inverted repeats in all fully sequenced bacterial genomes. Thanks to the availability of unique computational resources, we were able to statistically evaluate the presence and localization of these important regulatory sequences in bacterial genomes. This work revealed a strong abundance of these sequences in regulatory regions and provides researchers with a valuable tool for their manipulation.
Magnetism, Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior, and Deconfinement in Kondo Lattices
Authors: Irkhin V. Yu.
Published: June 2023

A formulation of the effective hybridization model is developed which describes Fermi-liquid Kondo and fractionalized Fermi-liquid (deconfinement spin-liquid-like) states with account of possible magnetic ordering. A unified consideration of charge and magnetic fluctuation is performed within perturbation theory in hybridization and within gauge field treatment. The corresponding contributions to specific heat and resistivity are compared.
Neurodevelopment and healthcare utilisation at age 5–6 years in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: an EPIPAGE-2 cohort study
Authors: Tréluyer Ludovic , Nuytten Alexandra , Guellec Isabelle , Jarreau Pierre-Henri , Benhammou Valérie , Cambonie Gilles , Truffert Patrick , Marchand-Martin Laetitia , Ancel Pierre Yves , Torchin Héloïse
Published: June 2023

Objective

We aimed to study neurodevelopmental outcomes and healthcare utilisation at age 5–6 years in very preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Design

Prospective and national population-based study.

Setting

All the neonatal units in 25 French regions (21 of the 22 metropolitan regions and 4 overseas regions).

Patients

Children born before 32 weeks’ gestation in 2011.

Interventions

Blind, comprehensive and standardised assessment by trained neuropsychologists and paediatricians at age 5–6 years.

Main outcome measures

Overall neurodevelopmental disabilities, behavioural difficulties, developmental coordination disorders, full-scale IQ, cerebral palsy, social interaction disorders, rehospitalisation in the previous 12 months and detailed developmental support.

Results

Of the 3186 children included, 413 (11.7%) had BPD. The median gestational age of children with BPD was 27 weeks (IQR 26.0–28.0) and without BPD was 30 weeks (28.0–31.0). At age 5–6 years, 3150 children were alive; 1914 (60.8%) had a complete assessment. BPD was strongly associated with mild, moderate and severe overall neurodevelopmental disabilities (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.20; 2.20, 1.41 to 3.42 and 2.71, 1.67 to 4.40). BPD was associated with developmental coordination disorders, behavioural difficulties, lower IQ score as well as rehospitalisation in the last 12 months and developmental support. The association between BPD and cerebral palsy was statistically significant before adjustment but not in adjusted analyses.

Conclusions

BPD was strongly and independently associated with many neurodevelopmental disabilities. Improving medical and neurodevelopmental management of BPD in very preterm children should be a priority to reduce its long-term consequences.
Association between adiposity after diagnosis of prostate cancer and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cariolou Margarita , Markozannes Georgios , Becerra-Tomás Nerea , Vieira Rita , Balducci Katia , Aune Dagfinn , Muller David C , Chan Doris S M , Tsilidis Konstantinos K
Published: June 2023

Objective

To explore the associations between adiposity indices, assessed at or after a diagnosis of prostate cancer, and mortality.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources

PubMed and Embase, from inception to 16 November 2022.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

Cohort studies or randomised controlled trials of men with a diagnosis of prostate cancer that investigated the associations between adiposity (body mass index, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue) after diagnosis and mortality outcomes. A modified version of the risk of bias for nutrition observational studies tool was used to assess risk of bias.

Results

79 studies were identified that investigated adiposity indices after a diagnosis of prostate cancer in relation to mortality. No randomised controlled trials were found. A non-linear dose-response meta-analysis indicated a J shaped association between body mass index and all cause mortality (33 910 men, 11 095 deaths, 17 studies). The highest rate of all cause mortality was found at the lowest and upper range of the distribution: 11-23% higher rate for a body mass index of 17-21 and 4-43% higher rate for a body mass index of 30-40. The association between body mass index and mortality specific to prostate cancer was flat until body mass index reached 26-27, and then increased linearly by 8-66% for a body mass index of 30-40 (33 137 men, 2947 deaths, 13 studies), but the 95% confidence intervals were wide. These associations did not differ in most predefined subgroups by study design, number of deaths, anthropometric assessment, follow-up time, geographical location, prostate cancer risk group, and adjustment variables. No associations were found in meta-analyses between 10 cm increases in waist circumference and all cause mortality or mortality specific to prostate cancer, but only three studies were available. The few studies with data on change in weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue reported conflicting results.

Conclusions

This review suggests that patients with prostate cancer might benefit from maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding obesity. Future studies should investigate adiposity across different stages of cancer survivorship and use various parameters for distribution of adipose tissue.

Systematic review registration

Open Science Frameworkhttps://osf.io/qp3c4.
Risk-conferringHLAvariants in an epilepsy cohort: benefits of multifaceted use of whole genome sequencing in clinical practice
Authors: Vakrinou Angeliki , Bellampalli Ravishankara , Gulcebi Medine I , Martins Custodio Helena , Research Consortium Genomics England , Balestrini Simona , Sisodiya Sanjay M
Published: June 2023

Background

Whole genome sequencing is increasingly used in healthcare, particularly for diagnostics. However, its clinically multifaceted potential for individually customised diagnostic and therapeutic care remains largely unexploited. We used existing whole genome sequencing data to screen for pharmacogenomic risk factors related to antiseizure medication-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs), such as human leucocyte antigenHLA-B*15:02,HLA-A*31:01variants.

Methods

Genotyping results, generated from the Genomics England UK 100 000 Genomes Project primarily for identification of disease-causing variants, were used to additionally screen for relevantHLAvariants and other pharmacogenomic variants. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for clinical and cADR phenotypes forHLAvariant carriers. Descriptive statistics and the χ2test were used to analyse phenotype/genotype data forHLAcarriers and compare frequencies of additional pharmacogenomic variants betweenHLAcarriers with and without cADRs, respectively.

Results

1043 people with epilepsy were included. FourHLA-B*15:02and 86HLA-A*31:01carriers were identified. One out of the four identifiedHLA-B*15:02carriers had suffered antiseizure medication-induced cADRs; the point prevalence of cADRs was 16.9% forHLA-A*31:01carriers of European origin (n=46) and 14.4% forHLA-A*31:01carriers irrespective of ancestry (n=83).

Conclusions

Comprehensive utilisation of genetic data spreads beyond the search for causal variants alone and can be extended to additional clinical benefits such as identifying pharmacogenomic biomarkers, which can guide pharmacotherapy for genetically-susceptible individuals.
A comparative study of boron-containing and boron-omitted capsaicinoids
Authors: Ngô Giao N. , Park SunMin , Stack Hailey M. , Rourke Jillian L. , Melanson Jennifer A. , Westcott Stephen A.
Published: June 2023

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of a limited number of novel boron-containing and boron-omitted capsaicinoids, providing 12 unique substrates. We have previously reported boron-containing capsaicinoids that showed improved bioactivity compared to capsaicin itself but have yet to test a series of analogous boron-omitted substrates as a direct comparison. The boron-containing capsaicinoids bear a pinacolboronate ester (Bpin) group, which was incorporated using an iridium-catalyzed hydroboration reaction. We report that although nearly all compounds display moderate cytotoxic activity that bests that of capsaicin against human colon HCT116 cancer cells, the activity of our boron-omitted capsaicinoids surpasses that of the boron-containing analogues.
Abundance of distal repetitive DNA sequences in Capsicum L. (Solanaceae) chromosomes
Authors: de Assis Rafael , Gonçalves Leandro Simões Azeredo , Guyot Romain , Vanzela André Luis Laforga
Published: June 2023

Chili peppers (Solanaceae family) have great commercial value. They are commercialized in natura and used as spices and for ornamental and medicinal purposes. Although three whole genomes have been published, limited information about satellite DNA sequences, their composition, and genomic distribution has been provided. Here, we exploited the noncoding repetitive fraction, represented by satellite sequences, that tends to accumulate in blocks along chromosomes, especially near the chromosome ends of peppers. Two satellite DNA sequences were identified (CDR-1 and CDR-2), characterized and mapped in silico in three Capsicum genomes ( C. annuum, C. chinense, and C. baccatum) using data from the published high-coverage sequencing and repeats finding bioinformatic tools. Localization using FISH in the chromosomes of these species and in two others ( C. frutescens and C. chacoense), totaling five species, showed signals adjacent to the rDNA sites. A sequence comparison with existing Solanaceae repeats showed that CDR-1 and CDR-2 have different origins but without homology to rDNA sequences. Satellites occupied subterminal chromosomal regions, sometimes collocated with or adjacent to 35S rDNA sequences. Our results expand knowledge about the diversity of subterminal regions of Capsicum chromosomes, showing different amounts and distributions within and between karyotypes. In addition, these sequences may be useful for future phylogenetic studies.
Borexino’s search for low-energy neutrinos associated with gravitational wave events from GWTC-3 database
Authors: Basilico D. , Bellini G. , Benziger J. , Biondi R. , Caccianiga B. , Calaprice F. , Caminata A. , Chepurnov A. , D’Angelo D. , Derbin A. , Di Giacinto A. , Di Marcello V. , Ding X. F. , Di Ludovico A. , Di Noto L. , Drachnev I. , Franco D. , Galbiati C. , Ghiano C. , Giammarchi M. , Goretti A. , Gromov M. , Guffanti D. , Ianni Aldo , Ianni Andrea , Jany A. , Kobychev V. , Korga G. , Kumaran S. , Laubenstein M. , Litvinovich E. , Lombardi P. , Lomskaya I. , Ludhova L. , Machulin I. , Martyn J. , Meroni E. , Miramonti L. , Misiaszek M. , Muratova V. , Nugmanov R. , Oberauer L. , Orekhov V. , Ortica F. , Pallavicini M. , Pelicci L. , Penek Ö. , Pietrofaccia L. , Pilipenko N. , Pocar A. , Raikov G. , Ranalli M. T. , Ranucci G. , Re A. , Rossi N. , Schönert S. , Semenov D. , Settanta G. , Skorokhvatov M. , Singhal A. , Smirnov O. , Sotnikov A. , Tartaglia R. , Testera G. , Unzhakov E. , Vishneva A. , Vogelaar R. B. , von Feilitzsch F. , Wojcik M. , Wurm M. , Zavatarelli S. , Zuber K. , Zuzel G.
Published: June 2023

The search for neutrino events in correlation with gravitational wave (GW) events for three observing runs (O1, O2 and O3) from 09/2015 to 03/2020 has been performed using the Borexino data-set of the same period. We have searched for signals of neutrino-electron scattering and inverse beta-decay (IBD) within a time window of $$\pm \, 1000$$

±

1000

 s centered at the detection moment of a particular GW event. The search was done with three visible energy thresholds of 0.25, 0.8 and 3.0 MeV. Two types of incoming neutrino spectra were considered: the mono-energetic line and the supernova-like spectrum. GW candidates originated by merging binaries of black holes (BHBH), neutron stars (NSNS) and neutron star and black hole (NSBH) were analyzed separately. Additionally, the subset of most intensive BHBH mergers at closer distances and with larger radiative mass than the rest was considered. In total, follow-ups of 74 out of 93 gravitational waves reported in the GWTC-3 catalog were analyzed and no statistically significant excess over the background was observed. As a result, the strongest upper limits on GW-associated neutrino and antineutrino fluences for all flavors ($$\nu _e, \nu _\mu , \nu _\tau $$

ν
e

,

ν
μ

,

ν
τ

) at the level $$10^9{-}10^{15}~\textrm{cm}^{-2}\,\textrm{GW}^{-1}$$

10
9

-

10
15

cm

-
2

GW

-
1

have been obtained in the 0.5–5 MeV neutrino energy range.
The role of magnetization in phase-ordering kinetics of the short-range and long-range Ising model
Authors: Janke Wolfhard , Christiansen Henrik , Majumder Suman
Published: June 2023

The kinetics of phase ordering has been investigated for numerous systems via the growth of the characteristic length scale$$\ell (t) \sim t^{\alpha }$$ℓ(t)∼tαquantifying the size of ordered domains as a function of timet,  where$$\alpha$$αis the growth exponent. The behavior of the squared magnetization$$\langle m(t)^{2}\rangle$$⟨m(t)2⟩has mostly been ignored, even though it is one of the most fundamental observables for spin systems. This is most likely due to its vanishing for quenches in the thermodynamic limit. For finite systems, on the other hand, we show that the squared magnetization does not vanish and may be used as an easier to extract alternative to the characteristic length. In particular, using analytical arguments and numerical simulations, we show that for quenches into the ordered phase, one finds$$\langle m(t)^{2} \rangle \sim m_0^2 t^{d\alpha }/V,$$⟨m(t)2⟩∼m02tdα/V,where$$m_0$$m0is the equilibrium magnetization,dthe spatial dimension, andVthe volume of the system.
Development of size and shape dependent model for bandgap of semiconductor nanomaterials
Authors: Paneru Priya , Kumar Munish
Published: June 2023

A simple theoretical model is developed to study the effect of size and shape on the bandgap of semiconductor nanomaterials. It is found that bandgap increases by decreasing the size, which depends on the shape considered. The results obtained are compared with the available experimental data as well as with those based on earlier models. Different models predict similar trend of variations. However, such an excellent agreement with experimental data particularly in low size range using a simple model is never seen earlier. The model reduces the number of input parameters and includes more shapes as compared with earlier studies. This demonstrates the simplicity and wide applicability of the present model due to which it can be used to study the size and shape dependence of bandgap of different semiconductor nanomaterials of current interest in science and technology.
MPFL RECONSTRUCTION, USING FASCIA LATA AS AN AUTOGRAFT, AFTER FAILED PROXIMAL AND DISTAL PATELLOFEMORAL REALIGHMENT PROCEDURES. REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: Megremis Panos K , Megremis Orestis P
Published: June 2023

Understanding all the technical features and functions associated with medial patellar ligament reconstruction (MPFL) with autograft will make restoration more effectual, limiting complications associated with its non-anatomical placement. We describe in this study the cases of two girls aged seven and thirteen who underwent successful MPFL reconstruction after failed proximal and distal patellofemoral realignment surgeries they had previously undergone to treat recurrent patellar dislocation. The modified Cincinnati and Kujala score were used for the preoperative and postoperative clinical evaluation of the two girls. In the final reassessment of the two girls, seven years post-operatively for the seven-year-old girl, and three years post-operatively for the thirteen-year-old girl, the modified Cincinnati score and the Kujala score were increased significantly.

The restoration of the MPFL is a justified surgical method for an effective outcome of the reestablishment of patellar stability in skeletally immature patients who underwent less successful surgeries in the past.
Company2Vec — German Company Embeddings Based on Corporate Websites
Authors: Gerling Christopher
Published: June 2023

With Company2Vec, the paper proposes a novel application in representation learning. The model analyzes business activities from unstructured company website data using Word2Vec and dimensionality reduction. Company2Vec maintains semantic language structures and thus creates efficient company embeddings in fine-granular industries. These semantic embeddings can be used for various applications in banking.

Direct relations between companies and words allow semantic business analytics (e.g., top-n words for a company). Furthermore, industry prediction is presented as a supervised learning application and evaluation method. The vectorized structure of the embeddings allows measuring companies’ similarities with the cosine distance. Company2Vec hence offers a more fine-grained comparison of companies than the standard industry labels (NACE). This property is relevant for unsupervised learning tasks, such as clustering. An alternative industry segmentation is shown with k-means clustering on the company embeddings. Finally, this paper proposes three algorithms for (1) firm-centric, (2) industry-centric and (3) portfolio-centric peer-firm identification.
An Effective Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Allocation of Resources in the Fog Computing Environment
Authors: Varshney Shefali , Sandhu Rajinder , Gupta Pradeep Kumar
Published: June 2023

Recent advances in Internet technology have shifted the focus of end-users from the usage of traditional mobile applications to the Internet of Things (IoT)-based service-oriented smart applications (SAs). These SAs use edge devices to obtain different types of Fog services and provide their real-time response to the end-users. The Fog computing environment extends its services to the edge network layer and hosts SAs that require low latency. Further, a growing number of latency-aware SAs imposes the issue of effective allocation of resources in the Fog environment. In this paper, we have proposed an effective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) based solution for resource ranking and resource allocation in the Fog environment. The Proposed algorithms implement the modified edition of the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and consider Quality of Experience parameters (QoE), i.e., network bandwidth, average latency, and cores for ranking and mapping of resources. The obtained results reveal that the proposed approach utilizes 70% resources, and reduces the response time by an average of 7.5[Formula: see text]s as compared to the Cloud model and the Fog model, respectively. Similarly, the completion time of the proposed framework is minimum in comparison with the cloud and Fog models with a difference of 9[Formula: see text]s and 16[Formula: see text]s.
Different effects of serpentinite-derived and slab-derived fluids on arc magmatism in the Chinese Eastern Tianshan: evidence from Mg–B isotopic systematics
Authors: Du Long , Zhang Yunying , Zhu Hongli , Zhang Zhaofeng , An Yajun , Yuan Chao , Huang Zongying , Li Xuping , Long Xiaoping
Published: June 2023

Fluids are important media for elemental cycling in subduction zones, but the compositions of such fluids remain obscure, especially those derived from dehydration of serpentinite. To better understand the role of subduction-zone fluids in arc magmatism of the Chinese Eastern Tianshan (CET), we present Mg and B isotopic data for the arc diorites (e.g. Kalatage and Nanshankou). Our results show that the Kalatage diorites have higher

δ

26
Mg (−0.23 to −0.13‰) and

δ

11
B (−0.04 to +1.08‰) values than the corresponding mantle values, whereas the Nanshankou diorites display relatively lower

δ

26
Mg (−0.26 to −0.19‰) and

δ

11
B (−10.7 to −2.97‰) values. Because high-temperature magmatic and post-magmatic processes have limited effects on Mg and B isotope fractionation of our samples, their distinct Mg–B isotopic signatures inherited from the mantle sources should be caused by subduction-related metasomatism. Because neither altered oceanic crust (AOC) directly melting nor the incorporation of subducted sediments could induce significant Mg–B isotope fractionation in these rocks, we infer that their variable

δ

26
Mg and

δ

11
B values were probably associated with subduction fluids that were derived from different sources. Specifically, dehydrated fluids from serpentinites possess high

δ

26
Mg and

δ

11
B values, which resulted in the heavy Mg–B isotopic compositions of the Kalatage diorites, whereas mantle metasomatized by fluids from AOC and subducted sediments were responsible for the Nanshankou rocks with relatively low

δ

26
Mg and

δ

11
B values. Taking into account the different effects of serpentinite-derived and slab-derived fluids in the formation of arc magmatism, subduction-zone fluids can be probably an important factor in changing the Mg–B isotope composition of mantle sources.

Supplementary material
: Supplementary data tables and parameters used in models are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6702686
The amplification effect of river valley topography on the seismic response of a tunnel near a valley: simulated using the boundary element method
Authors: Liu Zhong-xian , Zhou Tao , Huang Lei , Cheng Xing-lei , Huang Zhen-en
Published: June 2023

Many tunnels are inevitably built in or near valley terrains, which greatly amplifies the seismic response of the tunnel. This paper considers the interaction between the valley terrain and tunnels, proposes a high-precision indirect boundary element method (IBEM) for simulation, and verifies the correctness of the method. The impact of factors such as incident-wave type, incident-wave frequency, and distance between the tunnel and the valley on the seismic response of the tunnel is then analysed in detail. The numerical analysis demonstrates that the stress of the tunnel can be approximately doubled when the distance between the river valley and the tunnel is 10 m due to the scattering and coherence effects of seismic waves. However, when this distance is greater than 50 m, the presence of river valleys has little effect on the stress of the tunnel. The stress at the right shoulder of the tunnel and the displacement amplification effect on the valley slope is significant compared to other areas. The findings of this study provide theoretical guidance for the seismic fortification and disaster avoidance of tunnel structures near river valleys.
Academic Freedom and International Students, Part 4: The China Initiative
Authors: Schaefer Robert
Published: June 2023

Computer science and engineering students and teachers alike, are just trying to get by, live their lives, but there are hinderances, things that interfere. Some hindrances are beyond our control for example, illness and power outages. Yet others, make no sense, such as U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) "deemed export" regulations. Academic research is intended to be shared and released into the public to advance human progress. Research, at one time, had legal cover for restrictions on sharing, through Executive Order NSDD-189, which placed an exemption on restrictions over fundamental research.
An Interview with Chunyang Chen - 2023 SIGSOFT Awardee
Authors: Soldani Jacopo
Published: June 2023

Chunyang Chen received the 2023 SIGSOFT Early Career Researcher Award for outstanding contributions to the study of intelligent software development automation including automated mobile application development, software testing, migration, and accessibility. He received a Ph.D. in computer science from School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (Singapore). He is now a senior lecturer in the Faculty of Information Technology of the Monash University (Australia).
Report on the Blended Modeling for Software Architectures Tutorial at ICSA 2023
Authors: Latifaj Malvina , Ciccozzi Federico , Waseem Anwar Muhammad , Aslam Kousar , Malavolta Ivano
Published: June 2023

In this note, we report on a half-day tutorial designed to introduce software architecture practitioners and researchers to the concepts and open-source implementations of blended modeling for software architectures. The tutorial covered blended modeling motivation and principles, generation of editors, generation of the synchronization infrastructure, and collaborative modeling techniques. Through presentations, examples, and demonstrations, participants explored the practical implementation of blended modeling environments that can be tailored to their specific needs. The note provides a detailed account of the tutorial sessions, including the main implications of a focus group discussion held in the final session of the tutorial. In the follow-up to the tutorial, we conducted a survey to assess participants' perceptions of blended modeling's usefulness within their contexts. Post-tutorial actions and survey results are discussed as well, providing valuable insight into the benefits and potential challenges associated with the adoption of blended modeling.
Demystifying Graph Databases: Analysis and Taxonomy of Data Organization, System Designs, and Graph Queries
Authors: Besta Maciej , Gerstenberger Robert , Peter Emanuel , Fischer Marc , Podstawski Michał , Barthels Claude , Alonso Gustavo , Hoefler Torsten
Published: June 2023

Numerous irregular graph datasets, for example social networks or web graphs, may contain even trillions of edges. Often, their structure changes over time and they have domain-specific rich data associated with vertices and edges. Graph database systems such as Neo4j enable storing, processing, and analyzing such large, evolving, and rich datasets. Due to the sheer size and irregularity of such datasets, these systems face unique design challenges. To facilitate the understanding of this emerging domain, we present the first survey and taxonomy of graph database systems. We focus on identifying and analyzing fundamental categories of these systems (e.g., document stores, tuple stores, native graph database systems, or object-oriented systems), the associated graph models (e.g., Resource Description Framework or Labeled Property Graph), data organization techniques (e.g., storing graph data in indexing structures or dividing data into records), and different aspects of data distribution and query execution (e.g., support for sharding and Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability). Fifty-one graph database systems are presented and compared, including Neo4j, OrientDB, and Virtuoso. We outline graph database queries and relationships with associated domains (NoSQL stores, graph streaming, and dynamic graph algorithms). Finally, we outline future research and engineering challenges related to graph databases.
TTS-Norm: Forecasting Tensor Time Series via Multi-Way Normalization
Authors: Deng Jiewen , Deng Jinliang , Yin Du , Jiang Renhe , Song Xuan
Published: June 2023

Tensor time series (TTS) data, a generalization of one-dimensional time series on a high-dimensional space, is ubiquitous in real-world applications. Compared to modeling time series or multivariate time series, which has received much attention and achieved tremendous progress in recent years, tensor time series has been paid less effort. However, properly coping with the TTS is a much more challenging task, due to its high-dimensional and complex inner structure. In this article, we start by revealing the structure of TTS data from afn statistical view of point. Then, in line with this analysis, we perform
T
ensor
T
ime
S
eries forecasting via a proposed Multi-way
Norm
alization (
TTS-Norm
), which effectively disentangles multiple heterogeneous low-dimensional substructures from the original high-dimensional structure. Finally, we design a novel objective function for TTS forecasting, accounting for the numerical heterogeneity among different low-dimensional subspaces of TTS. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets verify the superior performance of our proposed model.

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Applicability and Cost Implication of Labor-Based Methods for Sustainable Road Maintenance (SRM) in Developing Countries
Authors: Grum Berhane , Tsegaye Dejene , Tariku Zeru , Gebremariam Dmtsu , Gebremicael Haftom , Kuhilen Taamrat , Yemane Shishay , Aregawi Ashenafi , Abebe Bizuneh A.
Published: June 2023

Regular maintenance keeps roads in a good working condition for users. Road maintenance can be conducted using labor and machine based methods. In this study, applicability and costs of labor-based, namely employment intensive (EI), labor intensive (LI), and labor-based equipment-supported (LBES) road maintenance methods were investigated with a case study in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia. The objectives of this study were therefore to (a) identify road defects and outline the corresponding labor-based maintenance methods, (b) compare relative costs of the three labor-based road maintenance methods, and (c) explore indicators of sustainable road maintenance (SRM) practices for developing countries. The results of this study showed that the labor-based methods are suitable for maintaining a wide range of road defects such as pavement cracks, bleeding, potholes, and rutting. Results of the cost analysis revealed that the LI and EI were 6% and 36% cheaper than the LBES method for repairing shoulder damage in asphalt roads. Roadside bush clearing using LBES resulted in 40% and 147% cost saving compared to EI and LI methods, respectively. Average share of labor cost compared to combined cost of labor and equipment in EI, LI, and LBES was 97%, 79%, and 37%, respectively. Unit rates of maintenance activities for different labor-based methods were also developed for Tigray region. The developed road maintenance unit rates will be useful for estimating cost of labor-based methods in Tigray and other similar regions in Ethiopia. In this study, 45 suitability indicators under 10 categories and three themes (social, economic, and environmental) were developed to improve future road maintenance practices in developing countries. Finally, it is recommended to use SRM practices to increase sustainability of road infrastructure in developing countries.
Prediction of Translational Regulation by Network Interaction in Synaptic Plasticity Induced with Centella asiatica
Authors: Ibrahim Nurhadi , Nadian Ibrahim , Noor Dimas R. , Fadilah Fadilah
Published: June 2023

Background. Recently, human life expectancy, aging, and age-related health disorders, especially neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), have increased. The increasing number of AD patients causes a heavy social and economic burden on society. Since there is no treatment for AD, utilization of natural products is currently accepted as an alternative or integrative treatment agent against AD. Methods. Selection of protein databases related to synaptic plasticity was obtained from a gene bank. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed using Cytoscape 3.9.1. Prediction of Centella asiatica target constituents and their relationship with target synaptic plasticity was performed using STITCH, followed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and molecular binding of ligands to presynaptic and postsynaptic receptors afterwards. Results. From the protein database, 446 protein coding genes related to synaptic plasticity were found. PPI and KEGG pathway analysis showed potentiality to inhibit AKT and mTORC1 pathways. The targeted proteins were TSC1, Rheb, and FMRP. Conclusion. This study showed potentiality of Centella asiatica in AD through its binding to several proteins such as TSC1, Rheb, and FMRP. This compound in Centella asiatica was able to bind to the AKT1 and mTOR signaling pathways. Centella asiatica may behold greater potency in AD therapy.
Evolution from Telescoping to Bending: An Origami-Inspired Flexible Bending Actuator
Authors: Shao Zhaowen , Zhao Wentao , Zuo Zhaotian , Li Jun
Published: June 2023

Soft actuators have great potential in human–machine interaction and soft robotics innovation. Origami exhibiting outstanding structural and topological properties can be a paradigm for people to design various soft robots. Inspired by origami, we have previously designed a telescopic actuator with excellent performance, mainly large force output, and two-way working. Although significant advances have been made in soft bending actuators, their further study and applications are limited due to small force output in a monotonous work style. In this paper, we design a series of novel bending actuators that inherit our prior telescopic actuator’s excellent characteristics to diversify soft actuators’ motion forms. Several actuators of different sizes are fabricated using three different materials and evaluated on a designed test platform. The test results show that actuators of different sizes using different materials perform differently. Namely, the maximum tip force produced by an actuator reaches 9.6 N, and the maximum bending angle is achieved by another one up to 138°. Finally, extensive demonstrations and tests include wriggling, gripping, and bidirectional motion in the water. They show our flexible bending actuators’ distinguishing characteristics of large output force and two-way working.
Genomic Profiling of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Samples Resistant to Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitors
Authors: Menssouri Naoual , Poiraudeau Loïc , Helissey Carole , Bigot Ludovic , Sabio Jonathan , Ibrahim Tony , Pobel Cédric , Nicotra Claudio , Ngo-Camus Maud , Lacroix Ludovic , Rouleau Etienne , Tselikas Lambros , Chauchereau Anne , Blanc-Durand Félix , Bernard-Tessier Alice , Patrikidou Anna , Naoun Natacha , Flippot Ronan , Colomba Emeline , Fuerea Alina , Albiges Laurence , Lavaud Pernelle , van de Wiel Paul , den Biezen Eveline , Wesseling-Rozendaal Yvonne , Ponce Santiago , Michiels Stefan , Massard Christophe , Gautheret Daniel , Barlesi Fabrice , André Fabrice , Besse Benjamin , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Friboulet Luc , Fizazi Karim , Loriot Yohann
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The androgen receptor axis inhibitors (ARPI; e.g., enzalutamide, abiraterone acetate) are administered in daily practice for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, not all patients respond, and mechanisms of both primary and acquired resistance remain largely unknown.

Experimental Design:

In the prospective trial MATCH-R (NCT02517892), 59 patients with mCRPC underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES) and/or RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of samples collected before starting ARPI. Also, 18 patients with mCRPC underwent biopsy at time of resistance. The objectives were to identify genomic alterations associated with resistance to ARPIs as well as to describe clonal evolution. Associations of genomic and transcriptomic alterations with primary resistance were determined using Wilcoxon and Fisher exact tests.

Results:

WES analysis indicated that no single-gene genomic alterations were strongly associated with primary resistance. RNA-seq analysis showed that androgen receptor (AR) gene alterations and expression levels were similar between responders and nonresponders. RNA-based pathway analysis found that patients with primary resistance had a higher Hedgehog pathway score, a lower AR pathway score and a lower NOTCH pathway score than patients with a response. Subclonal evolution and acquisition of new alterations in AR-related genes or neuroendocrine differentiation are associated with acquired resistance. ARPIs do not induce significant changes in the tumor transcriptome of most patients; however, programs associated with cell proliferation are enriched in resistant samples.

Conclusions:

Low AR activity, activation of stemness programs, and Hedgehog pathway were associated with primary ARPIs’ resistance, whereas most acquired resistance was associated with subclonal evolution, AR-related events, and neuroendocrine differentiation.

See related commentary by Slovin, p. 4323