bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decoding Qualcomm's Equity: A 5G Investment Outlook
Authors: Zhang Xinyi
Published: January 2025

The semiconductor industry is a critical driver of modern technology, enabling advancements in AI, 5G, and automotive systems. This study focuses on Qualcomm (QCOM), a major player in the semiconductor and telecommunications sectors, particularly its leadership in 5G technology. The research aims to evaluate Qualcomms competitive position, financial performance, and future growth potential. Using key financial metrics such as Return on Equity (ROE), profit margin, and Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratio, the study compares Qualcomm to its main competitors: AMD, Broadcom, and Intel. Additionally, the analysis considers Qualcomms strategic interest in acquiring Intels business units to enhance its capabilities in AI and automotive technologies. The results show Qualcomm's strong financial performance and dominant position in the 5G market, while also highlighting risks related to customer concentration and geopolitical tensions. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of how Qualcomm's market leadership and strategic moves position it for sustained growth in the dynamic semiconductor industry.
A Review on the Impact of Advertising on Consumer
Authors: Gong Ruoquan
Published: January 2025

In order to influence consumer behaviour and purchasing decisions, advertising is a crucial marketing strategy for goods and services. Word-of-mouth advertising gave way to a variety of contemporary forms over time, including internet and television advertisements. Cialdini's six principles of persuasionconsistency, reciprocity, scarcity, consensus, liking, and authorityare among the psychological concepts that underpin many contemporary advertising methods that aim to pique consumers' interests and encourage purchases. The emotions, perceptions, and decisions of consumers are greatly influenced by advertising. According to studies, while negative emotions can have the opposite impact, pleasant feelings during commercials typically enhance the desire to make a purchase. In particular, by appealing to patriotism or health concerns, the Coca-Cola story demonstrates how emotional connection through marketing can draw people. By influencing product information searches and forming enduring opinions about businesses, advertising also has an impact on how consumers make decisions. Advertising also shapes the emotions and impressions of consumers, which in turn influences their purchasing decisions and brand loyalty. In order to effectively influence consumer behaviour, marketers must take emotional triggers into serious consideration while creating commercials.
Volatility Dynamics Analysis of Bitcoin (BTC-USD) and MicroStrategy (MSTR)
Authors: Ma Huazhuo
Published: January 2025

This study examines the volatility dynamics of Bitcoin (BTC-USD) and MicroStrategy (MSTR) from September 2019 to September 2024 using the GARCH (1,1) model. Volatility is a key measure of risk in the financial market, understanding its patterns is crucial for effective portfolio management, risk management, and corporate financial strategies. Bitcoin, while known to be volatile, is very unpredictable, and given the high holding of that on MicroStrategy's balance sheet, it is closely tagged to the volatility of Bitcoin. Critical periods, such as the COVID-19 and the subsequent crypto market downturn between 2022 and 2023, demonstrate the linkages between traditional equities and digital assets. The findings of such analysis will prove that MicroStrategy's volatility has indeed closely followed the footsteps of Bitcoin, especially during the 2024 rally in that market, including all its shocks and recoveries. These find great importance in understanding volatility due to the growing integration of digital assets into corporate portfolios. This research will offer investors and corporate managers alike extensive insight into risk management and portfolio diversification by accounting for volatility dynamics between cryptocurrencies and stocks.
The Relationship Between Star-chasing Consumption and Happiness
Authors: Huang Xinyue
Published: January 2025

This study explores, especially in the context of idol worship, the relationship between fan consumption of celebrities and psychological well-being (PWB). A large percentage of young people spend money to support their idols as a result of the growth of fan culture, especially among Generation Z. Excessive idol consumption can result in financial distress and dependency, despite earlier study suggesting that following celebrities might improve PWB through happiness and social support. Based on a review of the literature and a survey with 106 respondents, the study examines the reasons for star-chasing behaviour and how it affects happiness. The initial hypothesis is challenged by the results, which show no significant association between the amount spent on celebrity consumption and PWB scores. One of the limitations is that the sample was focused in China's more affluent regions, which could have skewed the results. In order to encourage healthy consumption habits and improve life satisfaction among fans, future study should investigate additional elements influencing PWB and diversify the demographics of participants.
Pharmaceutical Industry Investment and Profitability: A Review
Authors: Wei Dongchang
Published: January 2025

Over the past decades, the global healthcare market has been constantly growing, especially during the COVID-19 global pandemic. Along with the rapid growth, the pharmaceutical sector of the stock market has shown countless investment opportunities. This paper examines the financial performance and strategic approach of four leading companies within the pharmaceutical industry: Pfizer Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Merck & Co., Inc. By calculating and analyzing the profitability ratio, this paper tries to address the problem of identifying profitable companies within the sector. While prior studies have shown that profitability ratios are crucial in evaluating companies' potential returns, a detailed study comparing these ratios across pharmaceutical companies is scant. This paper fills the gap by analyzing each company's financial performance and showing its strategic impact on profitability. The findings of this paper are consistent with prior findings that profitable companies tend to have stable and high profitability ratios, indicating their excellent operational efficiency. The results also provide insights to potential investors in pharmaceutical stocks, underscoring the importance of fundamental analysis in decision-making.
Tourism, Environment and the Climate -- Based on the Application of Nordhauss Model
Authors: Lyu Mingxi
Published: January 2025

The economy and the environment have been constantly discussed, and the economy will lead to the destruction of the environment. Economic development usually leads to several negative impacts on the environment, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, ecological damage, and climate change. For example, the exploitation of natural resources is caused by the production of resources, industrial emissions and so on. In turn, the environment can also promote economic progress. For example, a beautiful environment can develop tourism, rich minerals can increase the number of resources for better production, and coastal areas also have the advantage of developing fisheries. So, this paper will discuss the relationship between the economy and the environment. Based on the data of Tibet, the RICE model and its theory are used to analyze how the two influence each other. After that, this paper makes recommendations to the Tibetan government based on the research results, which have achieved sustainable development.
The Impact of Status Quo Bias on Monetary Policy Decision-Making: A Case Study of the 2008 Financial Crisis
Authors: Jin Yukai
Published: January 2025

This research examines the role of status quo bias in shaping monetary policy decision-making during the 2008 financial crisis, focusing on the responses of the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank (ECB). Status quo bias, a cognitive bias that leads individuals and institutions to resist change, often results in delayed decisions and sub-optimal outcomes. This study employs a comparative case study methodology, analyzing the timing and nature of central bank interventions, such as interest rate cuts and quantitative easing during the crisis. By systematically reviewing policy actions and utilizing qualitative content analysis, the research identifies how status quo bias contributed to delayed responses and inadequate adjustments. The findings indicate that while the Federal Reserve, despite initial hesitation, quickly implemented unconventional measures that helped stabilize the U.S. economy, the ECB's adherence to traditional frameworks led to critical delays, resulting in a slower recovery in the Eurozone. These insights underscore the significant influence of cognitive biases on monetary policy, with implications for future crisis management strategies. Addressing the effects of status quo bias could lead to more agile and adaptive central banking policies, ultimately enhancing economic resilience during times of crisis.
Exploring Changes in National Income from Fast-moving Consumer Goods
Authors: Tao Jinqu
Published: January 2025

The current international situation is changing rapidly, and the currency exchange rate is the first one to be affected. The consumption ability of residents towards fast-moving consumer goods can reflect some important economic conditions, such as the living standards and consumption ability of the people, the exchange rate trend of the currency, and the development trend of the country. The price range of fast-moving consumer goods can be used to analyze the purchasing power of domestic currencies and the consumption power of the middle class in various countries. The paper analyzes the fast-moving consumer goods expenditure allocation dataset and corresponding consumption indices for cigarettes and cola among Japanese and Australian citizens using SPSS. It can be concluded that fast-moving consumer goods represent the significance of currency and consumption power. By analyzing examples and tables, and analyzing the price datasets of fast-moving consumer goods represented by cola and cigarettes in the short term (two years) and the long term (thirty years), respectively, to illustrate the trend changes over different time spans, and household income in Japan and Australia, it can be concluded that the price changes of fast-moving consumer goods reflect the changes in the country's currency exchange rate, and the price of fast-moving consumer goods also represents the consumption ability of the country's working class.
Research on Liability for Breach of Contract Damages in Preliminary Agreement
Authors: Wang Haozhen
Published: January 2025

As the disputes over preliminary agreements have multiplied, it is increasingly necessary to clarify the issue of liability for damages for breach of a preliminary agreement. Although the preliminary agreement specifies its negotiation obligation, the liability for breach of contract remains unresolved, and the application of the protection of reliance interest and expectation interest is still controversial. This paper analyzes the specific embodiment of reliance interest and expectation interest in the liability for breach of preliminary agreement by means of qualitative analysis and literature review, and explores how to define the effectiveness of the preliminary agreement in practice. Moreover, it explores the application standard of the protection of reliance interest and expectation interest in the preliminary agreement. It concludes that contractual maturity should be taken as the criterion in practice, linking the theory of interest and specific practice, and flexible discretion between reliance interest and expectation interest, with reliance interest as the principle and expectation interest as the exception.
Research on the Characteristics of Global Food Market Operations and Trade Trends
Authors: Xu Xingwei
Published: January 2025

The security and stability of the global food market are closely linked to the long-term healthy development of the global economy. This paper mainly examines the basic operational characteristics of the food market and the main development trends in food trade. The main research findings are as follows: (1) In terms of the global food supply structure, current supply fluctuations are increasing, demand is steadily growing, and food prices initially rise before declining; (2) The total volume of global food trade is continuously increasing, the concentration of exports may continue to rise, and the significance of major international grain merchants in global food trade is becoming increasingly prominent; (3) Geopolitical conflicts disrupt the stability of food supply, trade protectionism impacts the stability of food market trade, and fluctuations in global monetary policy affect the price stability of the food market. To address the various challenges and difficulties facing global food security, it is recommended that governments enhance macro-control of the food market, improve financial support for food trade, cultivate internationally competitive large-scale grain merchants, and strengthen international coordination of national food regulatory policies.
A Study on the Link Between Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions in Jiangxi Province: An Empirical Approach Using Decoupling Theory
Authors: Xu Yaxin
Published: January 2025

As global climate change intensifies, carbon emissions have become a paramount concern for policymakers and researchers. These emissions undermine ecosystem integrity and pose considerable obstacles to economic development and long-term sustainability. As the worlds largest carbon emitter, China faces substantial pressure to mitigate its emissions. Jiangxi Province, a critical region in the country, has experienced rapid economic growth, driving significant research into the relationship between energy consumption and carbon emissions. This paper examines data from 2010 to 2022, including Jiangxis GDP and total energy consumption, to estimate carbon emissions. In addition, through rigorous correlation and regression analyses, a significant positive association between carbon emissions and economic growth is identified, culminating in the development of a univariate regression model to quantitatively assess this relationship. Employing the Tapio decoupling elasticity method, the study evaluates the dynamic decoupling relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth, revealing a state of weak decoupling. The results indicate that despite a reduction in carbon intensity relative to economic growth, Jiangxis total carbon emissions continue to rise. To achieve absolute decoupling, the province will need to implement more effective and comprehensive policy measures.
Analysis on the Effect of Regional Economic Integration on Economic Growth
Authors: Ling Yiming
Published: January 2025

This essay investigates how the "One Belt and One Road" Initiative (OBOR) fosters economic growth and regional connectivity. The signing of free trade agreements, the encouragement of infrastructural development, and the strengthening of industrial cooperation are only a few of the impressive tangible outcomes of the OBOR since its inception in 2013. Regarding trade effects, the initiative has boosted the process of regional economic integration by lowering trade barriers and other measures, optimized the trade structure, increased the complementarity of regional economies, and encouraged the steady growth of trade and investment. In terms of investment effects, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into China have a positive impact on capital accumulation, job creation, export expansion, and technology transfer; At the same time, China has been increasing its foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows to nations along the route, supporting the development of infrastructure in these nations and fostering their export potential and regional economic integration. In summary, the OBOR has boosted economic growth in the nations that are part of its path, strengthened economic relations, made the best use of available resources, contributed to the creation of a global community with a shared future for all people, and played a significant role in the advancement of the world economy.
A Study on the Influence of Chinese KOL on the Purchasing Decisions of Chinese GenZ Consumers' Fashion Brands
Authors: Wang Jingyue
Published: January 2025

With the rapid development of Internet technology and the widespread popularity of social media platforms, the purchasing behaviour patterns of Chinese consumers have changed significantly. Consumers can easily obtain rich product information and shopping channels through social media platforms, while paying more attention to the personalisation, emotionality and value resonance of products. Based on this, this paper aims to explore the changes in Chinese consumers' purchasing behaviour patterns and their impact on fashion brands' marketing strategies in the context of the development of Internet technology and social media platforms through literature review and case study analysis, so as to provide fashion brands with effective marketing strategy suggestions. It was found that KOLs significantly influence consumers' purchasing decisions, and the interactive experience on social media platforms closely shapes consumer brand loyalty. Through a case study, this paper further reveals how a fashion brand successfully increased brand exposure and consumer engagement by cooperating with KOLs through social media platforms. Fashion brands should make full use of the influence of social media platforms and KOLs to innovate their marketing strategies in order to meet consumers' personalised needs and enhance brand competitiveness and market share.
Research on Forest Fire Detection Method Based on Multi-Modal Data
Authors: Liu Jiabo
Published: January 2025

Forest fire is one of the major disasters that threaten the ecological environment and the sustainable development of social economy. Aiming at the limitations of traditional fire monitoring methods in terms of real-time, accuracy and environmental adaptability, this paper proposes a multimodal data fusion forest fire detection method based on Transformer architecture. This method realizes fire classification and precise positioning by fusing the feature information of visible light images and infrared images. The model design includes multimodal input encoding, cross-modal attention mechanism and multi-head attention mechanism, aiming to fully explore the complementary characteristics of the two modal data, and enhance the stability and convergence of the model through residual connection and layer normalization technology. The experiment is based on the public FLAME dataset. The results show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional method in fire classification accuracy and positioning accuracy, with a classification accuracy of 94.5% and an IoU of 0.86, which significantly improves the fire recognition ability in complex scenes. This study provides effective technical support for the intelligent monitoring of forest fires.
Exploring the Effectiveness of Big Data in Profitability of Construction Projects
Authors: Yang Haotian
Published: January 2025

The complexity of construction projects is generally high, requiring the collection and processing of data from diverse sources. Big data-based analytics and technologies can help such a project in different ways to improve profitability. However, their use comes with inherent risks, particularly concerning data security and accuracy. Data accuracy is a concern, as it directly impacts the credibility and reliability of Big Data analytics outcomes. The research examines the effectiveness of Big Data in the profitability of construction projects through extensive literature review and case analysis. Findings highlight that data accuracy is a key determinant of profitability in this context. Construction firms need to enforce policies and procedures to ensure data quality, credibility and accuracy while performing data collection. With accurate data, firms can leverage analytics to make informed, data-driven decisions that drive project success.
Şeyh Gâlib in Hayrâbâd Eleştirisine Analitik Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: Yurdal Neşe
Published: January 2025

Şeyh Gâlib (öl.1799) Hüsn ü Aşk adlı mesnevisinin “Der beyan-ı sebeb-i te’lif” bölümünde, bir mecliste Nâbî’nin (öl. 1712) Hayrâbâd’ının abartılı biçimde övüldüğüne tanık olduğunu belirtmiştir. Şeyh Gâlib’e göre Nâbî’nin son mesnevisi olan Hayrâbâd’a övgü, mecliste bulunanlarca öyle ileri götürülmüştür ki, onlara göre, söz konusu yapıta eşdeğer bir mesnevi yazılması asla mümkün olmamıştır. Şeyh Gâlib onların bu sözlerini, kendisine bir sınanma çağrısı olarak alımlamıştır. Hüsn ü Aşk bir anlamda mecliste bulunanlara yanıt ve Hayrâbâd yazarıyla da bir hesaplaşma metni olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Nâbî’nin 1705 yılında tamamladığı Hayrâbâd, Feridüddin Attâr’ın İlâhînâme adlı yapıtındaki Fahreddîn-i Gorgânî ile Sultanın Kölesi adlı hikâyesinden yola çıkmıştır. Nâbî yapıtını, Attâr’ın hikâyesine eklemeler yaparak sürdürmüştür ve kurguladığı olay örgüsüyle farklılaştırmıştır. Anlatısal ve kurgusal açıdan başka bir bağlama bürünen hikâyenin iletisi Nâbî’nin bakış açısı doğrultusunda değişmiştir. Nâbî, Attâr’ın kısa tasavvufî içerikli anlatısını mesneviye dönüştürerek türsel açıdan da değiştirmiştir. Klasik mesnevi geleneğine uygun biçimde düzenlenmiş Hayrâbâd, eylem planı, karakterleştirme ve ileti bakımından döneminin en yetkin yapıtlarından biri olarak kabul edilmiştir. Şeyh Gâlib, Hayrâbâd’ın Attâr’ın Fahreddîn-i Gorgânî ile Sultanın Kölesi adlı eserinin taklidi olduğunu vurgulamıştır ve ardından bir dizi eleştiri getirmiştir. Şeyh Gâlib’in eleştirisinin temelinde Hayrâbâd’ın özgün olmadığı düşüncesi vardır. Bununla birlikte Nâbî’nin Attâr’ın hikâyesini dönüştürmesini de hoş karşılamamıştır. Bu yazı kapsamında, Şeyh Gâlip’in Hayrâbâd’a getirdiği eleştiriler analitik bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilmiştir.
Nedîm in Şiirlerinde Hedonizm İzleri
Authors: Yilmaz Murat
Published: January 2025

Hazcılık, kökeni Antik Yunan’a dayanan bir felsefe olup ruhsal hazlara yönelen epiküryen anlayış ve tensel hazlar düzlemindeki hedonist yaklaşımla irtibatlandırılmıştır. Hazcılık felsefesi her daim edebiyatla yakın ilişkiler içinde olmuştur. Dünya edebiyatlarında olduğu gibi Türk edebiyatının çeşitli dönemlerinde bu felsefenin hem ruhsal hem de tensel boyutunun yansımaları gözlemlenmiştir. Klasik Türk şiirinin muhtevasını oluşturan ana tema aşktır. Klasik Türk şiirlerinde aşk teması ilk bakışta reel ölçütlerde kadın-erkek arasındaki yoğun duygu ortamının betimlenmesi zemininde ele alındığı izlenimi verirken şiirlerin derinliklerinde dinî-tasavvufî birçok unsurun var olduğu görülmüştür. Çeşitli mazmunlarla şekillendirilen bu girift yapıdaki şiirler bünyesindezahirî ve bâtıni anlamlar barındırmaktadır. İlahi aşkın dünyevi aşkla harmanlanarak estetize edildiği klasik Türk şiir formunda reel aşkın yakıcı tahribatı, ilahi aşka ulaşmada köprü işlevi görmüştür. Özünde epiküryen bir hazla uzun vadeli ve sürdürülebilir ruhsal huzurun izini süren klasik Türk şiirinin referansı, Türk-İslam tasavvuf anlayışıdır. Klasik Türk şiirinde dünyevi aşkla ilahi aşkın ayırt edilemez muğlaklıkta yazıldığı şiirlerle de karşılaşmak mümkündür. Bu şiirlerde zaman zaman anlık ve geçicihazların varlığı hissedilse de tam anlamıyla bir hedonist tavırdan söz etmek iddialı olacaktır. Bununla beraber klasik Türk şiirinde maddesel ve tensel hazzı temel alan hedonizm ekseninde şiir inşa eden şairler de bulunmaktadır. Bu şairler içinde gerek yaşadığı dönemin modu gerek dünyevi zevklere olan yönelimi ile Nedîm özel bir konuma sahiptir. Lale Devri olarak zikredilen dönemin şairlerindenNedîm’in bazı şiirlerinde karşılaşılan hedonist tavır klasik Türk edebiyatı içinde yeni, özgün ve yönlendirici nitelikler taşımaktadır
BesteciveBağlamaİcracılarınınYeniEserYaratımSürecindeKarşılaştıklarıZorluklar
Authors: Küreş Başak
Published: January 2025

Bağlama, Türk Halk Müziği’nin seslendirilmesinde en yaygın olarak kullanılan çalgılardan birisidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yeni bir eser üretim sürecinde bağlama icracıları ve bestecilerin arasında yaşanan zorlukların incelenmesi aracılığıyla bu konudaki problemleri öne çıkararak iki tarafın da birbirlerinin yaşadıkları süreci daha yakından görmelerini sağlamak ve sürece katkı sunacak öneriler sunmaktır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle Türk Halk Müziği (THM) arşivindeki notaların performansa uygunluğu, THM çalgıcılarının eğitim şekilleri, bağlama için yazılmış metotların çeşitliliği incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın yöntemi kişisel görüşme olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, ana çalgısı bağlama olmayan besteciler ve icracılarla görüşmeler yapılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalgınınkendisiyle ilgili birtakım hususlara değinilmiş, bu hususların eser yaratım sürecinde ne kadar etkili olduğundan bahsedilmiş, besteci ve çalgıcıların üretim ve performansları sırasında uyguladıkları çözüm pratikleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda çalgıcıların ve bestecilerin bu süreçte kullanabilecekleri birtakım çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.
Életfilozófiai Marx-interpretáció: egy sajátos szintézis kísérlete Michel Henry gondolkodásában
Authors: Marosán Bence Péter
Published: January 2025

Michel Henry változatos és fordulatokkal teli munkásságában megtalálhatóak bizonyos állandó, egész életművén keresztülhúzódó motívumok. Mindenekelőtt négy ilyen motívumot emelhetünk ki: elkötelezettségét a fenomenológia, az életfilozófia, a katolicizmus, valamint Marx filozófiája iránt. Ezek közül a fő filozófiai motívum értelmezésem szerint a fenomenológiai meggyőződés volt, és minden más erre vonatkoztatva nyerte el sajátos értelmét. A jelen tanulmányban Michel Henry fenomenológiai irányultságú Marx-olvasatát szeretnénk közelebbről megvizsgálni, amely egészen sajátos és egyedülálló helyet foglal el a 20. századi Marx-értelmezések sorában. Egy alapvetően életfilozófiai és életfenomenológiai Marx-interpretációról van szó, melyben Henry Marxot szembeállítja általában a marxizmussal, azaz mindazon Marx-értelmezésekkel, amelyek Marx halála után keletkeztek. A radikális emancipáció Marx által megfogalmazott gondolata, Henry szerint, végső soron az immanens, produktív élet felszabadítására kell irányulnia. Ez azt az etikai és politikai felszólítást hárítja ránk, hogy folyamatosan próbáljuk meghaladni a kapitalizmust, mint az állandó barbárság állapotát.
Az újrafelfedezett álom – Freud, Binswanger és Heidegger álomkoncepciója
Authors: Szummer Csaba
Published: January 2025

A romantikát követően a 19. századi gondolkodás az álmot a valóság tagadásaként fogja fel. Freud, majd Binswanger, más-más módon, de elsődleges szerepet tulajdonít az álomnak az éber gondolkodással szemben. Freud szerint az álom hallucinatorikus vágyteljesítés, míg Binswanger felfogásában az egzisztencia ábrázolása. Binswangert saját álomelmélete megfogalmazása során jelentősen inspirálja a Lét és idő. Heidegger azonban a Lét és időben a Dasein éber létmódjait írja le, sőt az álom a késői Heideggert sem foglalkoztatja. Az Andenken-szövegekben az álomra és az árnyékra való utalások nem mint az álom, hanem éppen hogy mint a Dasein éber létmódjának a metaforái jelennek meg.
A Cultural Inquiry on the Growth of Cultural Content Studies:On Detailed Classification (as a Methodology) and Development
Authors:   Asia Cultural Creativity Inst., Kim Soungsu
Published: January 2025

Since the birth of Cultural Contents Studies in the early 2000s, efforts to study various cultural contents in various fields such as cultural archetype, storytelling, and cultural technology have continued. Thereby, opinions have also emerged that Cultural Contents Studies should have detailed field classification or methodology. It can be regarded as a part of the ideas that Cultural Contents Studies, which are still being formed, should be well established and lasted. In this respect, this paper attempted to present a discussion on Cultural Contents Studies (a meta-research in a mixed method of adding quantitative research to the basis of qualitative research) by examining the situation and development of Korean cultural contents over the past 20 years. The detailed classification of Cultural Contents Studies has an inner story related to certain meanings and methodologies. Moreover, the importance of ethics about cultural contents need to be raised. It was intended to emphasize that Korean cultural contents (Korean Wave or K-culture) should play a part in promoting the diversity of global culture by allowing people around the world to enjoy Korean culture. And, it is a way to play the role of Korea in a global society. This should be regarded as the ideology of the Korean Wave or K-culture. Not only the aspect of understanding and inheriting and developing the existing traditions and history of Korea, but also the aspect of creating and developing traditions and history is important. Cultural Contents Studies itself could be a part of Korean Studies about contemporary culture (in Korea) and Korean culture. Cultural Contents Studies, which try to establish positive relationships with surrounding other studies while studying cultural contents, should be continued, and known to the world.
Comparative Study of Fully Encased Composite Column Under Axial Load Using Different Codes
Authors: Osman Mahjoob , Mahgoub Kambal Mahgoub Elhaj , Gamaleldain Ibrahim , Abdelrahman Marwa
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a comparative study for fully encased composite (FEC) columns between AISC-LRFD, Euro code 4, and BS 5400: Part 5, for the axial load only. These columns were experimentally investigated by previous authors, with different sizes, lengths, and materials properties. The load capacity of these columns was determined using equations given by these three codes. results obtained from these three codes may vary considerably, because of the different design considerations adopted in these codes. The composite column strengths obtained from AISC-LRFD ( ), Euro code 4 ( ), and BS 5400( ), were compared with the test results ( ). the design strength predicted by the three specifications were conservative for the tested specimens The statistical results show that the mean values of ,   and  ratios were 0.71, 0.75 and 0.62, respectively. That indicates the Euro code 4 approach generally gave closer predictions than the AISC-LRFD then the BS 5400 method.
The Prediction of Flood Monitoring for Image Satellite Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Osman Hossam Aldeen , Mohamed Tarig
Published: January 2025

Flooding poses significant risks for property and human life, particularly in compactly settled city areas like Khartoum city in Sudan. Remote sensing technologies offer valuable tools for monitoring and mitigating flood impacts. This study investigates flood dynamics in part of Khartoum city using land cover classification of Landsat 7 and 8 satellite imagery and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The radiometric and atmospheric distortions were corrected by applying pan-sharpening to the imagery. Maximum Likelihood algorithm for supervised classification combined with ground survey data, were conducted, followed by post-classification refinements to enhance accuracy. Also, assessment metrics included overall accuracy and kappa coefficient were used. Additionally, we developed a sophisticated ANN model for land cover classification and flood prediction. The input parameters were Red, Green and Blue (RGB) values and the target was the contrast. The model was trained and validated by divided the datasets into training data, validation data, and testing data. The performance for the ANN model was evaluated based on the regression square (R²) values, which were 0.98825, 0.90020, and 0.97032 for training, validation and testing data, respectively. The overall R² value for all the datasets was 0.9596. These high R² values were demonstrate the model's strong predictive capability and generalization power, affirming its effectiveness in accurately predicting land cover and flood dynamics. This makes the ANN model a valuable tool for environmental monitoring and land management applications.
The Fabrication of Binding, Coating, and Doping Material Via Neem and Arabic Gum
Authors: Sadig Hisham , Nosiba Adam HamedHamad
Published: January 2025

In this research, neem gum of both types, white and brown, and gum Arabic were used as a coating material for apple fruits and to preserve them for the extended possible period. Two samples were prepared for each of the aforementioned types of gum at a concentration of (1:4 and 1:6), where 4 and 6 are the ratios of distilled water. On the other hand, neem gum was also used as an additive in concrete. The research seeks to know the effect of neem gum on some properties of cement and concrete in their soft and hard states. The study of cement and concrete includes: the setting and shrinkage times of cement, workability, compressive strength, and durability of concrete in acidic media. The amount of neem gum added as a mixture of cement and concrete was 0.5% of the weight of cement. Neem gum was prepared and tested to ensure shrinkage. The concrete mixture was (1:2:4) (cement: sand: gravel) with different proportions of water (cement + neem gum). The optimal proportions of water used in the actual mixtures were determined for workability. Samples were prepared. Gum in different ratios (1:4 and 1:6) (distilled water: gum). Among the results, it was found that neem gum can be used as an additive to concrete, as it increases the shrinkage of cement and also helps with the workability of concrete and reduces its water requirements, pressure, and strength.
The Production of Biogas via Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum) Seed Leaching Solution
Authors: Sadig Hisham , Alameldeen Jilan , Mohamed Tawasol
Published: January 2025

In this research, the Cicer seed leach solution is used as an alternative source of biomass, and the fragmentation process has a shorter time than the other biomasses. The obtained results specified that, the methane percentage by ethanol-test isn’t unlike the KOH-method from the third week of the anaerobiotic process retention time until the tenth week. Formerly, adding new stock of Cicer seed solution. The methane production gradually increased in the dissimilarity style of the CO2, which gradually decreased by previous, associated, gradually increasing pH values. The period of retention and fraction of biogas mixture provide a proportional indicator of the quality of Cicer seed leaching solution. The maximum value of methane percentage (72%) was observed in the 8th week, and the maximum percentage of CO2 was observed in the fourth week of the digestion process. Cicer seed leach solution showed a significant fragmentation agent for another biomass.
Vertical Accuracy Assessment of ASTER and SRTM Digital Elevation Models: A case Study of Khartoum and Atbara / Port Sudan Railway, Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Duha , Elgizouli Abdelrahim , Hassan Abubakr
Published: January 2025

Satellites like the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and the Advanced Space-Based Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) continuously provide updated and high-resolution geospatial data. For instance, SRTM leverages satellite imagery to generate a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) covering roughly 80% of Earth’s surface. DEMs depict Earth’s surface topography, supporting various geospatial fields like cartography and geology. This study assesses the vertical accuracy of SRTM and ASTER DEMs within Sudan. Local heights derived from GPS leveling data serve as reference points for comparison with both DEMs at one-arc-second precision. Field campaigns were conducted into two designated study areas to collect GPS-derived elevation data. Ground Control Points (GCPs) obtained from processed data were imported into ArcGIS 10.4 for point sampling. Elevation values for each GCP were then extracted from both ASTER and SRTM DEMs. To assess the accuracy of DEMs, statistical analysis through the standard deviation was performed in Microsoft Excel. This analysis quantified the residual errors between the reference GPS elevations and the corresponding DEM elevations for each study area. The precision of ASTER and SRTM measurements were 1.6508m and 10.1234m, respectively, for one research region. In another study area, the precision of ASTER and SRTM measurements were 1.8091m and 7.9521m, in succession. The results demonstrate that SRTM DEM exhibits superior statistical accuracy compared to ASTER DEM in both study areas. This suggests that SRTM data offers a more reliable foundation for various geospatial application in Sudan. This study underscores the significance of evaluating DEM accuracy for specific geographic regions. Moreover, the SRTM DEM provides a more statistically robust elevation dataset compared to ASTER DEM within the context of Sudan. These results can be valuable for researchers and practitioners who rely on DEMs for diverse geospatial analyses.
An On Grid Solar System Built on Residential House Roof
Authors: Ibrahim Awad alkarim Maodaa Mohamed , M. E. Elhassan Zakieldeen
Published: January 2025

his paper presents an analysis of the (5kW) solar system connected to the grid. This system is designed to feed a residential building with a total daily load of 22870 Wh/day, and the system is installed on an area of from the ceiling. The system contains 10 panels Trina solar 500Wp type connected to each other in series. A 5kW inverter from GoodWe, and 12 of 50AH Lead acid batteries belonging to pylontec that connected to each other in series to store the energy generated by the panels in the daytime and use it later. The helioscope software is used to see the available area of the roof to determine the most appropriate place to install the panels, and PVsyst7.2, which analyzes the project and concludes the results related to the project for development and improvement. The system produces about 8178 kWh per year with an estimated performance rate of 67.9% and the normal daily production of the system is 4.14 kWh, while the loss resulting from the panels is estimated at 1.42 Kwh/day. The project also has an added value as it is considered environmentally friendly as it emits carbon radiation of about98.1????co2.
Peran Pondok Pesantren Dalam Pembinaan Akhlak Remaja
Authors: Naelasari Desy , An-Nahdliyah Khumairoh , Muslihah Hanum Amirotul
Published: January 2025

This study aims to describe the role of Darul Hikmah Islamic Boarding School in Developing Adolescent Morals in Jlopo Hamlet, Tebel, Bareng, Jombang. This research method uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods, and data validity testing through extended observation, increased persistence, triangulation, and friend discussions. The results showed that the morals of teenagers towards elders in Jlopo Hamlet were classified as good. They use polite language, say greetings first, and do not cut the conversation. The role of Darul Hikmah Islamic Boarding School is very significant in fostering adolescent morals. As an educational institution, this boarding school is a place to gain knowledge for teenagers. As a social institution, the boarding school involves teenagers in religious activities such as pilgrimage to the grave of the saint. As a guide, the boarding school organises recitation and mastery of the yellow book which teaches morals and fiqh. With various efforts from Darul Hikmah Islamic Boarding School, teenagers in Jlopo Hamlet are able to show good morals. This research is expected to contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of Islamic education and pesantren studies, as well as provide recommendations for other Islamic boarding schools in improving the quality of adolescent moral development
Unequal access to drinking water in the city of Doba (Chad): An urban political ecology perspective
Authors: Kongnso Moye Eric , Emmanuel Tiomo Dongfack , Pascal Otombaye
Published: January 2025

Within the context of climate change and other environmental stressors, water scarcity has become a major concern in urban areas of the Sahel region of Africa. Water is an important resource and its scarcity which is exacerbated by socio-economic inequalities has created unequal power relations and conflicts. From this guiding premise, this work seeks to examine challenges in ensuring effective drinking water supply and how they have reshaped relations in urban areas using the case of Doba. A mixed methods approach was employed and includes documentary research, a questionnaire survey with 120 purposively selected households, 11 in-depth interviews and a collection of water samples for quality analysis. Data collected was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively while water quality analyses were conducted at the Sarh laboratory. Under the lens of the Urban Political Ecology (UPE) approach, results revealed that households drink water from boreholes (31%), open wells (48%), springs (8%) and pipe born water (20%). The physicochemical analysis showed an iron level of 0.24 mg/L in tap water and the turbidity rate of 48.20 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) in well water while bacteriological analysis gives a total aerobic chlorine level of 100 CFU/100 ml in all the waters sources analyzed. These inequalities results from poor state of infrastructure, climate change and socio-economic differences at the level of households. This has resulted to conflicts between the state water supplying institutions and dwellers and between dwellers themselves over water sources. This work has a policy implication as the provision of drinking water requires concerted efforts between all stakeholders.
Research on the Service Quality of E-commerce Platforms-From the Perspective of Politeness Framework
Authors: Chen I-Ching , Huang Jintong
Published: January 2025

Background information & problem statement: As an extension of the "service economy," the "experience economy" has become the fourth type of economic activity. With the continuous improvement of living standards, people's consumption demands are also upgrading, evolving from the pursuit of functionality to the pursuit of experience, i.e., from "purchasing products" to "purchasing experiences."
Motivation: This study clarifies the current situation and challenges of research related to e-commerce platforms, addressing the gap in the study of politeness frameworks, and provides references for platform enterprises to explore user experience in the future.
Research method: This study used the key event technology as the research method, collected users' views on the services provided by the e-commerce platform through questionnaires and interviews, and then analyzed and summarized these key events. Finally, the reliability and validity between were evaluated.
Findings & conclusion: In terms of theoretical significance, this study summarizes and refines the dimensions of the politeness framework and, combined with the critical incident technique, proposes an impact model of user value co-creation for e-commerce platforms based on user experience. Through empirical testing, the study demonstrates the impact path of politeness frameworks on user value co-creation and the moderating role of platform types, which is beneficial for future differentiated research on user experience in e-commerce platforms. Practically, the study encourages platforms and merchants to more deeply understand the connotation of user experience and propose specific improvement directions and corresponding management insights as references, contributing to the healthy and stable development of the e-commerce ecosystem.
ADAPTAÇÃO DO COMMUNITIES THAT CARE YOUTH SURVEY PARA PORTUGAL: UM ESTUDO PILOTO
Authors: Henriques Susana , Rabelo Rachel Pereira
Published: January 2025

O questionário Communities That Care Youth Survey (CTCYS) avalia fatores de risco e de proteção, prevendo uma série de problemas de saúde comportamentais, incluindo uso de substâncias psicoativas, violência e delinquência em jovens e adolescentes. Em 2022, o CTCYS foi adaptado para Portugal, incorporando fatores de risco e proteção, associados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas, comportamento antissocial e problemas de saúde mental em quatro dimensões: comunidade, família, escola e indivíduo-pares. O presente estudo investigou as propriedades psicométricas e a aplicabilidade do CTCYS em Portugal. O processo de adaptação envolveu a tradução e o refinamento do US CTCYS complementado de discussões em grupos focais com alunos e especialistas. Realizou-se ainda um pré-teste num dos municípios da Região Autónoma dos Açores (RAA) no sentido de aferir a consistência interna do instrumento. Os resultados indicam que a estrutura do CTCYS adaptado a Portugal capta amplamente os principais fatores de risco e proteção considerados. A versão final foi aplicada a 1218 alunos a da RAA e foi realizada nova análise de confiabilidade e validade dos constructos visando a verficiação da confiabilidade dos resultados da pesquisa. De modo geral, a os resultados mostraram-se promissores. Neste artigo apresentamos a análise dos resultados que identificam maiores efeitos para o consumo de substâncias psicoativas nos jovens da RAA. O uso dos resultados do CTCYS na identificação dos fatores de risco mais proeminentes para o consumo de substâncias em adolescentes, demonstra o potencial desta ferramenta para orientação de intervenções comunitárias de prevenção.
ASPECTOS TÉCNICOS DA PAVIMENTAÇÃO ASFÁLTICA: PROCESSOS, MATERIAIS E CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE
Authors: Borges Wanessa Silverio Amador , Peixoto Murilo Santos
Published: January 2025

A pavimentação desempenha papel essencial na construção de vias e áreas urbanas, garantindo mobilidade segura e eficiente. Este processo envolve a preparação, estruturação e revestimento de superfícies terrestres, utilizando materiais como solos, agregados e ligantes, a fim de assegurar resistência, durabilidade e funcionalidade às infraestruturas de transporte. O artigo apresenta os tipos de pavimentos - flexíveis, rígidos e semirrígidos -, suas características e camadas estruturais. O estudo detalha os procedimentos de execução para pavimentos flexíveis, incluindo a aplicação de brita graduada, imprimação com material betuminoso e a construção do revestimento com concreto asfáltico usinado a quente (CBUQ). Enfatiza-se o controle rigoroso de qualidade, como a uniformidade na distribuição de materiais e a utilização de equipamentos especializados.Com base em revisões bibliográficas, o artigo reforça a importância da pavimentação para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico e a necessidade de seguir normas técnicas para otimizar a durabilidade e funcionalidade das estruturas.