bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Query Planning for Robust and Scalable Hybrid Network Telemetry Systems
Authors: Shou Chaofan , Bhatia Rohan , Gupta Arpit , Harrison Rob , Lokshtanov Daniel , Willinger Walter
Published: March 2024

Network telemetry systems have become hybrid combinations of state-of-the-art stream processors and modern programmable data-plane devices. However, the existing designs of such systems have not focused on ensuring that these systems are also deployable in practice, i.e., able to scale and deal with the dynamics in real-world traffic and query workloads. Unfortunately, efforts to scale these hybrid systems are hampered by severe constraints on available compute resources in the data plane (e.g., memory, ALUs). Similarly, the limited runtime programmability of existing hardware data-plane targets critically affects efforts to make these systems robust. This paper presents the design and implementation of DynaMap, a new hybrid telemetry system that is both robust and scalable. By planning for telemetry queries dynamically, DynaMap allows the remapping of stateful dataflow operators to data-plane registers at runtime. We model the problem of mapping dataflow operators to data-plane targets formally and develop a new heuristic algorithm for solving this problem. We implement our algorithm in prototype and demonstrate its feasibility with existing hardware targets based on Intel Tofino. Using traffic workloads from different real-world production networks, we show that our prototype of DynaMap improves performance on average by 1-2 orders of magnitude over state-of-the-art hybrid systems that use only static query planning.
NERVE: Real-Time Neural Video Recovery and Enhancement on Mobile Devices
Authors: He Zhaoyuan , Yang Yifan , Qiu Lili , Park Kyoungjun , Yang Yuqing
Published: March 2024

As mobile devices become increasingly popular for video streaming, it is crucial to optimize the streaming experience for these devices. Although deep learning-based video enhancement techniques are gaining attention, most of them cannot support real-time enhancement on mobile devices. Additionally, many of these techniques are focused solely on super-resolution and cannot handle partial or complete loss or corruption of video frames, which is common in the Internet and wireless networks.

To overcome these challenges, we present NERVE, a novel approach in this paper. NERVE consists of (i) a novel video frame recovery scheme, (ii) a new super-resolution algorithm, and (iii) an enhancement-aware video bit rate adaptation algorithm. We implement NERVE on an iPhone 12, and it can support 30 frames per second (FPS). We evaluate NERVE in various networks such as 3G, 4G, 5G, and WiFi networks. Our evaluation shows that NERVE enables real-time video recovery and enhancement, and results in 24% - 83% increase in video Quality of Experience (QoE) in our video streaming system.
Stabilization of Ni-YSZ Anodes in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells using an ALD-Grown Aluminum Titanate Interlayer
Authors: Feng Zhuoming , Hansen Katherine , Bhandari Harish B. , Vohs John M.
Published: March 2024

The effect of an Al2TiO5 (ALT) interlayer between Ni and YSZ on enhancing the thermal stability of Ni-YSZ solid oxide fuel cell was examined. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used to provide precise control of the structure and thickness of the ALT interlayer. The study’s findings demonstrate that a 2 nm thick ALT interlayer deposited by ALD does not adversely affect the cell’s ohmic resistance and effectively prevents Ni sintering and the loss of active area during high-temperature heat treatments. ALT layers thicker than 2 nm, although they enhanced Ni stability, were found to impede oxygen ion transport in the electrode and significantly increase the ohmic resistance of the cell, leading to a decline in performance.
PharmaMemory: an interactive, animated web application for learning autonomic physiology and pharmacology
Authors: Rosencrans Timothy , Jones Ryan , Griffin Daniel , Loyd India , Grady Anna , Moon Mary , Miller Frederick
Published: March 2024

PharmaMemory ( www.pharmamemory.com ) is a free web application that interactively depicts the effects of high-yield autonomic drugs on the human body.
The Effects of an Eight-Week Swimming Program on Body Composition and Assessment of Dietary Intake in Post-COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Jakše Bostjan , Gilić Barbara , Đurović Marko , Šajber Dorica
Published: March 2024

COVID-19 infection and its consequences (long-term COVID-19 syndrome) have implications for weight loss, body composition, and diet quality. In the context of the “PostCovSwim” project, which is part of a broader international study, the impact of an eight-week swimming program on post-COVID-19 patients’ nutritional status (i.e., body composition and dietary intake) was evaluated. Body composition and dietary intake were assessed by medically approved and calibrated bioelectrical impedance (Tanita 780 S MA) and food frequency questionnaires. At the baseline, most participants were classified as overweight based on their body mass index (BMI). However, their body fat percentage (BF%) classification indicated normal weight, although females were near obesity thresholds. Furthermore, at the baseline, according to the BMI classification, 62% of females and 61% of males were female, whereas according to the BF% for obesity classification, 44% of females and 43% of males were considered overweight or obese. Surprisingly, despite the eight-week program, there were no significant changes in body composition. Additionally, the assessment of dietary intake, which remained consistent throughout the study, revealed dietary imbalances characterized by an unhealthy low-carbohydrate, high-fat dietary pattern. This dietary pattern entailed excessive consumption of ultraprocessed foods; reduced carbohydrate intake (39% E vs. 37% E); increased total fat intake (46% E vs. 47% E); increased saturated fatty acids (14% E vs. 13% E); increased cholesterol (412 mg/d vs. 425 mg/d); increased free sugars (7% E vs. 7% E); and inadequate intake of fibre (24 g/d vs. 20 g/d), polyunsaturated fatty acids (6.6% E vs. 7.7% E), vitamin B12 (in females: 3.1 µg/d), vitamin C (86 mg/d vs. 66 mg/d), vitamin D (2 µg/d vs. 3.2 µg/d), folate (in males: 258 µg/d), calcium (777 mg/d vs. 743 mg/d), and selenium (in males: 66 µg/d). After an eight-week swimming program following COVID-19, no significant changes were observed in the subjects’ body composition. Their dietary intake was found to not align with the dietary recommendations. These findings underscore the urgency of implementing comprehensive dietary and lifestyle interventions for post-COVID-19 patients to optimize their recovery and overall well-being. Physical activity, like a swimming program, may positively affect various aspects of human well-being.
Active Flow Control of the Magnetohydrodynamic Flow in an Annular Linear Induction Pump by Modifying the Driving Electromagnetic Field
Authors: Wang Xiaojie , Wang Dayong , Zhang Xing , Xia Di , Zhong Yun , Zhao Ruijie
Published: March 2024

The strong coupling between fluid and electromagnetic field in the annular linear induction pump (ALIP) can gradually amplify small disturbance in the fluid field into large‐scale vortices. The appearance of the vortices seriously affects the efficiency and reliability of the pump. An active flow control method based on the modification of the driving electromagnetic field is proposed to improve the flow stability. A simplified numerical model of the ALIP is established to simulate the three‐dimensional flow in the annular flow channel, and the internal electromagnetic field is modified by using the modulated surface current. The influences of the active flow control method on the flow behavior, pressure pulsation, and energy conversion are, respectively, investigated based on the simulation results. The results show that the modulated surface current can accelerate the vortical evolution. The size and strength of the vortices are suppressed in the modified electromagnetic field. The pressure pulsation low frequency at the ALIP’s outlet is significantly reduced when the modulated surface current density reaches a certain level. The surges in the processes of energy conversion become more gentle within the control method, and the overall energy efficiency is slightly reduced even at the highest modulated surface current density.
Centros de identidade e paisagens culturais: perspectivas para o patrimônio urbanístico no Brasil, Cabo Verde e Moçambique
Authors: Santana Marcela Maciel
Published: March 2024

This paper intends to discuss the existing challenges in the field of patrimonialization of urban areas in cities with heritages of Portuguese influence in Brazil, Cabo Verde and Mozambique, taking into account their particularities, their potentials and their synergies. This discussion focuses on the urbanistic heritage of five cities that represent different urban phenomena and heritage processes in these countries: Island of Mozambique and Maputo, in Mozambique; Mindelo, in Cabo Verde; Ouro Preto and Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil. It is proposed to  question the way in which these urban areas have been protected, especially with regard to the use of the notion of “historic center” that is recurrent in these processes. This paper also intends to verify the viability of other approaches and concepts that can better translate the cultural values of the urbanistic heritage, such as “center of identity” and “cultural landscape”. Finally, it is expected that the contribution of this discussion lies, mainly, on new perspectives on the subject, based on an international south-south debate, in order to shareexperiences and lessons learned in these contexts.
A preservação do saber-fazer: considerações sobre o projeto de restauro das fachadas e esquadrias do Fortim dos Emboabas
Authors: Mangili Liziane Peres , Avelar Ana Laura Ferreira , Ferrarezi Bia
Published: March 2024

As relações intrínsecas entre materialidade e imaterialidade estão, cada vez  mais, sendo incorporadas no entendimento daquilo que se configura como patrimônio cultural e nas políticas de preservação. Na prática da preservação, essa indissociabilidade entre tangível e intangível mostra-se latente, a ponto de diagnosticar-se, em projetos de restauro, que a perda de um saber-fazer implica diretamente na perda do suporte material representativo de uma determinada cultura. Nesse contexto, este artigo parte do relato do desenvolvimento do Projeto de Restauro das Fachadas e Esquadrias do Fortim dos Emboabas, edificação de adobe do início do século XVIII, patrimônio cultural de São João del-Rei, Mina Gerais, para debruçar-se sobre a preservação do saber-fazer. Primeiro, buscamos mostrar como a perda de um saber associado a uma técnica construtiva pode conduzir, em última instância, às perdas materiais do bem cultural, ao abordarmos o uso de argamassas cimentícias sobre suportes de arquitetura de terra. Depois, levantamos algumas questões sobre a preservação da técnica e como ela tem sido abordada pelas políticas de preservação do patrimônio cultural. As análises mostram que, embora parta de uma visão holística do patrimônio por meio do conceito de referência cultural, a preservação das técnicas construtivas tradicionais ainda é vista como um fim para a preservação dos artefatos materiais e não como processo que encerra significados e é componente cultural vivo.
Endothelial-Specific Reduction in Arf6 Impairs Insulin-Stimulated Vasodilation and Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow Resulting in Systemic Insulin Resistance in Mice
Authors: Islam Md Torikul , Cai Jinjin , Allen Shanena , Moreno Denisse G. , Bloom Samuel I. , Bramwell R. Colton , Mitton Jonathan , Horn Andrew G. , Zhu Weiquan , Donato Anthony J. , Holland William L. , Lesniewski Lisa A.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Much of what we know about insulin resistance is based on studies from metabolically active tissues such as the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. Emerging evidence suggests that the vascular endothelium plays a crucial role in systemic insulin resistance; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Arf6 (ADP ribosylation factor 6) is a small GTPase that plays a critical role in endothelial cell function. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the deletion of endothelial Arf6 will result in systemic insulin resistance.

METHODS:

We used mouse models of constitutive endothelial cell–specific Arf6 deletion (Arf6
f/−
Tie2Cre
+
) and tamoxifen-inducible Arf6 knockout (Arf6
f/f
Cdh5CreER+). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was assessed using pressure myography. Metabolic function was assessed using a battery of metabolic assessments including glucose and insulin tolerance tests and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. We used a fluorescence microsphere–based technique to measure tissue blood flow. Skeletal muscle capillary density was assessed using intravital microscopy.

RESULTS:

Endothelial Arf6 deletion impaired insulin-stimulated vasodilation in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle feed arteries. The impairment in vasodilation was primarily due to attenuated insulin-stimulated nitric oxide bioavailability but independent of altered acetylcholine-mediated or sodium nitroprusside–mediated vasodilation. Endothelial cell–specific deletion of Arf6 also resulted in systematic insulin resistance in normal chow–fed mice and glucose intolerance in high-fat diet–fed obese mice. The underlying mechanisms of glucose intolerance were reductions in insulin-stimulated blood flow and glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle and were independent of changes in capillary density or vascular permeability.

CONCLUSIONS:

Results from this study support the conclusion that endothelial Arf6 signaling is essential for maintaining insulin sensitivity. Reduced expression of endothelial Arf6 impairs insulin-mediated vasodilation and results in systemic insulin resistance. These results have therapeutic implications for diseases that are associated with endothelial cell dysfunction and insulin resistance such as diabetes.
A Research on Turkiye's Drug and Stimulant Trends in the Context of the Amount of Substances Seized, Number of Incidents and Suspects Between 2010 and 2020
Authors: Duman Muhammed Ferit , Türker Naci
Published: March 2024

The focus of this study is on narcotic stimulants extensively utilized in Turkiye. The purpose of the study is to describe, explain, and explore trends related to the data of drug substances involved in judicial proceedings from 2010 to 2020. This study employs qualitative research methods and adopts a case study design, centering on 'drug stimulants that are widely used in Turkiye'. Data from the Turkiye Drug Reports published by the General Directorate of Security between 2010 and 2020 were scrutinized through document analysis. The process analysis method was utilized for data examination. Firstly, each drug is individually examined, with an analysis of data on their progression over the years. Secondly, an analysis is conducted on the number of incidents, suspects, and the quantities of substances seized annually. The 11-year process analysis reveals that: i) Captagon, ecstasy, heroin, and cocaine show a slight downward trend, ii) Marijuana exhibits a stable trend, iii) Synthetic Cannabinoid substance demonstrates an increasing trend. Most notably, iv) The analysis based on the number of incidents and suspects indicates a significant upward methamphetamine trend particularly post-2016.
Türkiye’de Teknolojik Yenilikler Ve Ekonomik Büyümenin Çevre Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Ardl Sınır Testi
Authors: Yağış Onur
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye için 1984-2021 dönemi yıllık verileri ile teknolojik yenilikler ve ekonomik büyümenin çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkisinin ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı ile incelenerek literatüre katkı sağlaması hedeflenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, teknolojik gelişmeyi temsilen patent başvuruları kullanılmıştır. Karbon emisyonu bağımlı değişken iken, patent başvuruları, ekonomik büyüme ve kentleşme modelde kontrol değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, teknolojik yeniliklerin çevre kalitesi bozulmasını azalttığı, ekonomik büyümenin ve kentleşmenin ise artırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ekonomik büyümede ve kentleşmede gerçekleşen %1’lik yükseliş CO2 emisyonunun %0.95 ve %1.54 artmasını sağlamıştır. Teknolojik yenilikte yaşanan %1’lik yükseliş CO2 emisyonunun %-0.55 azalmasına neden olmuştur.
Digital Economy: Türkiye’s Development Trends
Authors: Balcıoğlu Yavuz Selim
Published: March 2024

This approach enables a comprehensive exploration of the digital economy's development trends in Türkiye, covering various sectors and dimensions. The article examines the current state of digital infrastructure, technology adoption, and related policy initiatives in Türkiye, and discusses the challenges and opportunities presented by the digital economy, with a particular focus on job creation, economic growth, and competitiveness. The aim of this article is to examine the development trends of the digital economy in Türkiye, highlighting the key factors that contribute to its growth and competitiveness. Türkiye has made significant strides in developing its digital economy, with investments in digital infrastructure, technology adoption, and policy initiatives aimed at fostering growth and competitiveness. The article also highlights the importance of addressing the digital divide and promoting digital inclusion, also ensuring data privacy.
Vergi Politikalarının Siyasal Söylemde Kullanımı: Alkollü İçecek Vergisine Twitter Üzerinden Verilen Tepkiler
Authors: Macunluoğlu Özgür Utku , Ünür Ece
Published: March 2024

Hükümetler gelir sağlamak; vatandaşları zararlı ürünlerin aşırı tüketiminden korumak adına vergi politikalarını kullanmaktadırlar. Sağlığa zararlı olarak nitelendirilen gazlı ve alkollü içeceklerle tütün mamulleri gibi ürünlere uygulanan vergilerle, diğer adıyla Pigoucu vergilerle, hem bu malların tüketimini azaltmak; hem de bunların tüketimi neticesinde ortaya çıkması muhtemel sağlık giderlerini düşürmek amaçlanmaktadır. Öte yandan Müslüman yoğun coğrafyalarda bulunan hükümetler bu vergileri uygularken “vatandaşlarını alkol gibi günah sayılan ürünlerin zararlı etkilerinden koruduklarını” dile getirerek, muhafazakar seçmenlerin desteğini kazanmayı da hedeflemektedirler. Hükümetler tarafından uygulanan ekonomi politikalarının uzantısı olarak dönem dönem bu vergilerin oranlarının aşırı artırıldığı görülmektedir. Bu dönemlerde vatandaşlar ürünleri eskiye kıyasla daha yüksek fiyatlarla aldıklarından bu vergi artışı toplumsal tepkilere neden olabilmekte ve vergiler muhalif siyasal söylemlerde kullanılabilmektedir. Çalışmada Türkiye’de alkollü içeceklerden alınan verginin siyasal söylemde kullanımı ve Twitter kullanıcılarının verdikleri tepkiler içerik analiziyle incelenmiştir.
Bilinçli Farkındalık ile İşyerinde Gelişme Arasındaki İlişkiyi Firma Büyüklüğü ve Çalışanların Demografik Özellikleri Etkiler mi?
Authors: Yücel Derya
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada son yıllarda işletme çevresinde önemi giderek artan ve çeşitli uygulamalara konu olan çalışan farkındalığı ile işyerinde gelişme arasındaki ilişkinin çalışanların cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyleri gibi demografik değişkenler ile firma büyüklüğünden ne şekilde etkilendiği incelenmiştir. Anket yönteminden yararlanılan çalışmada üretim işletmelerinde farklı birimlerdeki iş süreçlerinde görev alan toplam 459 çalışana ulaşılmıştır. Kısmi en küçük kareli yapısal eşitlik analizinden yararlanılan çalışmada elde edilen bulgular çalışan farkındalığının işyerinde gelişmeyi artıran önemli bir değişken olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca bilinçli farkındalık ve işyerinde gelişme arasındaki ilişkide firma büyüklüğünün bilinçli farkındalığın işyerinde gelişme üzerindeki etkisini azaltan bir etki gösterdiği, büyük firmalarda bilinçli farkındalığın işyerinde gelişme üzerindeki etkisinin küçük firmalara göre daha az olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bunun yanında çalışan farkındalığı ile işyerinde gelişme arasındaki ilişkide çalışanların cinsiyet, yaş ve eğitim durumlarını içeren demografik değişkenlerin anlamlı bir etkisine rastlanmamıştır.
Hindistan Ofisi’nin ‘Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Entelektüel ve Politik Güçleri Üzerine’ Başlıklı Raporu ve Eleştirel Analizi
Authors: Ertekin Ferdi
Published: March 2024

The British Library’de, Hindistan Ofisi tarafından hazırlanan “Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Entelektüel ve Politik Güçleri Üzerine” başlıklı bir rapor mevcuttur. Rapor, Britanya ile Osmanlı Devleti, I. Dünya Harbi’nde savaşa devam ederken İngiliz Başbakanı David Lloyd George’un talebi üzerine, Ocak 1917’de oluşturulmuştur. Doğru bilgilerin yanı sıra hatalı bilgilerin ve manipülatif çarpıtmalarında da yer aldığı bu rapor 1916’da kurulan Arap Büro başta olmak üzere, İngiliz istihbaratının farklı birimlerinden temin edilen müstakil raporlardan derlenmiştir. Bu ‘derleme rapor’un İngiliz Başbakanı’na sunuluş tarzından, Britanya’nın bu dönemde II. Abdülhamid’i, Türk-Alman ittifakını, İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’ni, 31 Mart Vakası’nı, Babıâli baskınını, Ermeni meselesini vs. nasıl ‘değerlendirdiği’ne dair kıymetli bilgiler edinmek mümkündür. Hindistan Ofisi’nin İttihat ve Terakki idaresindeki ‘düşman Osmanlı Devleti’ne bakış açısını ortaya koyan bu rapor, 1908-1917 tarihleri arasında İngiltere’nin Türk politikasının temel yapıtaşlarını, hassasiyetlerini ve zafiyetlerini açığa çıkarması açısından da önem arz etmektedir.
Kalite Kontrol Uygulamalarında Yapay Görme Sistemleri mi Yoksa İnsan Değerlendirmesi mi Daha Avantajlıdır?
Authors: Özcan Ali
Published: March 2024

Kalite ölçümü, ürünlerin belirli bir standarda uygunluğunu değerlendirmek için kullanılan bir süreçtir. Bu sürecin yapılmasında hem yapay görme sistemleri (bilgisayarlı görme, görüntü işleme gibi) hem de insanlar kullanılabilir. Yapay görme sistemleri, özellikle büyük veri setlerini hızla analiz edebilme yetenekleri sayesinde yüksek verimlilik sağlayabilir. Tekrarlanabilir sonuçlar elde etme konusunda insan faktörü dezavantajlı olduğu için nesnel sonuçlar elde edilebilir. Ancak, yapay görme sistemlerinin eğitimi ve kalibrasyonu gereklidir, bu da zaman ve kaynak gerektirir. İnsanlar ise deneyim ve uzmanlık sahibi oldukları durumlarda özellikle karmaşık veya öznel değerlendirmelerde daha üstün olabilirler. Özellikle sanatsal veya estetik değerlendirmeler gibi konularda insan görüşü daha değerli olabilir. Yapay görme sistemleri ön işleme ve hızlı analiz sağlarken, insanlar öznel veya karmaşık değerlendirmelerde son kararı verebilirler. Hangi yöntemin kullanılacağına karar verirken, ölçümün doğası, karmaşıklığı ve gereksinimler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
Seküler Kamusal Alan ve Dinî Benlik: Sembolik Etkileşimci Perspektif
Authors: Uğurlu Mevlüt
Published: March 2024

Bu makale, gündelik hayatta seküler kamusal alanda yaşanan dindarlık deneyimlerini sembolik etkileşimci teori aracılığıyla anlamayı konu edinmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, kişisel ve kolektif dinî benliğin seküler kamusal alandaki etkileşim ritüellerini sembolik etkileşimcilik teorisi perspektifinden incelemektir. Sembolik etkileşimciliğin teorik temellerini gerçek dünya deneyimleriyle birleştiren bu makale, dinî benliklerin ve kimliklerin seküler kamusal alanın taleplerine ve etkilerine yanıt olarak nasıl geliştiğine ve uyum sağladığına dair kapsamlı bir anlayış sunmaktadır. Çalışma, sembolik etkileşimcilik teorisinin gündelik hayatta dindarlık pratiklerini, etkileşimleri ve gerilimlerini kapsamlı bir şekilde açıklama, somutlaştırma ve kavramsallaştırma kapasitesine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu yönüyle makale, çağdaş toplumdaki dinî deneyimlerin çok yönlü doğasına dair çıkarımlar sunarak din, benlik ve toplumsal normlar hakkındaki daha geniş söyleme katkıda bulunmaya çalışmaktadır. Böylece dindarlık çalışmalarında verilerin somutlaştırılması ve kavramsallaştırılması sürecinde literatürü destekleyerek din sosyolojisinin terminolojisini genişletmek istemektedir.
Akışkan Modern Dünyada Mobiletinin Anti-Demokratik Mahiyeti: Turist ve Göçmen Tipleri Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Erayman İbrahim Oğulcan
Published: March 2024

Akışkan modern dünyada hareketlilik en önemli olgulardan biri olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu dünya içerisinde küreselleşmenin savunucularının öne sürdüğü gibi kimi insanlar için sınırlar gittikçe engel olmaktan uzaklaşırken; aynı anda bazı insanların hareket kabiliyetleri gittikçe sınırlanmaktadır. Çalışma içerisinde bu tezatlık, yani mobiletinin anti – demokratik mahiyeti, Bauman merkeze alınarak turist ve göçmen tipiyle müşahhas hale getirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Turist için gezegenimiz artık onları hoş karşılamaya hevesli ev sahibi toplulukların ve tüketim imkanlarının mekânı iken; göçmenler bilhassa da zorlayıcı koşullar altında yer değiştirmek durumunda kalanlar için, sınırlar, dikenli teller ve konuksevmez yaklaşımlar hazır beklemektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, Baumancı düşünceyi merkeze alarak ulaştığımız temel sonuç ise, ahlaki ve pratik olarak turist mobilitesinin baskın olduğu bir yaşam pratiğinin sürdürülemez olduğu ve acil olarak misafirperverliğin turistlerden, zorlayıcı koşullarda yerlerinden olanlara kadar genişletilme ve çeşitlendirilmesi gerekliliğidir.
Virtual Reality Presence in Partially Non-Euclidean Environments
Authors: Mayor Jesus , López-Fernández Daniel , Lara-Cabrera Raúl , Ortega Fernando
Published: March 2024

Currently, virtual reality is limited by a physical workspace if the user walks indefinitely inside its virtual world. Therefore, it is necessary to find solutions to this limitation. A possible solution could be to reuse this workspace by overlapping different parts of the virtual space. This can be achieved through the use of imperceptible portals that connect different points in the virtual environment. Thanks to these portals it is possible to create a momentary break in the conventional Euclidean geometry displaying parts of the virtual world that are farther away than usual. Although this kind of effect has been seen in conventional games, its application to virtual environments has some technical implications. One of the most important technical characteristics to be evaluated is the presence, which could be affected by this type of visual effect. For this reason, a validation of the effect has been carried out by quantitatively analyzing the perceptual presence and conducting qualitative interviews with users. The results did not show an overall impact on presence, and users were excited to experience this type of visual effect inside the virtual world. Finally, this paper shows everything learned in this development and is discussed from a perceptual design point of view, opening the possibility of new studies associated with this visual effect applied to the virtual world.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Financial Cost and Morbidity in Nonfatal Firearm Injuries
Authors: Tracy Katharine , Jones Melanie , Langston Ryan , Schaefer Amanda , Nguyen Tena , Tidwell Taylor , Simmerman Mabes Erika , Yu Jack
Published: March 2024

Representing 68% of firearm-related injuries, nonfatal firearm injuries cause substantial morbidity and are associated with high costs to patients and the health care system. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate 359 adults in the Southeastern United States from 2019 to 2021. IBM SPSS was used for descriptive and parametric statistical analysis. The mean total cost of stay (TCOS) was $36,639.12, length of stay (LOS) was 8.61 days, number of times to the operating room was 1.88, and number of follow-ups was 3.21. Vascular and traumatic brain injuries were associated with higher TCOS and LOS. Vascular injuries were associated with more operating room visits. Bony injuries and non-TBI neurological injuries were associated with more follow-up appointments. In this brief report, we aim to understand the effect injury types have on these factors to help inform trauma protocol development with the goal of decreasing financial burdens.
‘Russian warship, go fuck yourself’: Humour and the (geo) political limits of vicarious war
Authors: Brassett James , Browning Christopher S
Published: March 2024

With Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, vicarious identification (VI) with the Ukrainian fight swept across the West becoming the de facto and normatively prescribed response and a source of status, self-esteem and jouissance for all those vicariously participating. For their part, and with some success, the Ukrainians encouraged such a response through carefully curated acts of vicarious identity promotion. Mobilising the British context as an example, this article reflects on the temptations and limiting politics of vicarious war, highlighting three points. First, that VI with the Ukrainian fight was tempting, in part because it enabled a nostalgic appropriation that helped flesh out post-Brexit notions of ‘Global Britain’, but that in doing so made this increasingly a war more about ‘us’ than ‘them’. Second, that humour has played a particularly central role in these processes. Third, that VI-derived support is inherently unstable, something evident whenever news from the battlefield has turned grim, threatening to diminish the ontological satisfaction previously derived.
A Case Series and Review of Literature Describing the Use of Midodrine for Vasopressor Effects in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Zelnicek Taylor D. , Miller Jamie L. , Vijayarajah Senthuran , Johnson Peter N.
Published: March 2024

Midodrine is an oral vasopressor option that allows for discontinuation of intravenous vasopressors for patients with cardiovascular conditions. It does not have a US Food and Drug Administration-labeled indication for use in children, and there is a paucity of literature in patients ≤6 years of age. This case series describes 2 infants with complex congenital heart diseases initiated on midodrine for augmentation of systolic (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) to increase coronary perfusion. Case 1 was initiated on midodrine on hospital day 19 at a dose of 0.5 mg (0.17 mg/kg) enterally every 8 hours that was eventually increased to 1 mg (0.33 mg/kg) every 8 hours. Case 2 was initiated on midodrine on hospital day 15 at a dose of 2.5 mg (0.49 mg/kg) enterally every 8 hours, and this was decreased to 1.25 mg (0.25 mg/kg) every 8 hours due to high SBP. Both patients were discharged home on midodrine; other than the initially high SBP for Case 2, no other adverse drug events were noted. While midodrine was effective based on clinical response in these two infants, additional studies are needed due to the lack of safety and efficacy in children <6 years of age.
Investigating Linguistic Alignment in Collaborative Dialogue: A Study of Syntactic and Lexical Patterns in Middle School Students
Authors: Tian Xiaoyi , Griffith Amanda E. , Price Zane , Boyer Kristy Elizabeth , Tang Kevin
Published: March 2024

Linguistic alignment, the tendency of speakers to share common linguistic features during conversations, has emerged as a key area of research in computer-supported collaborative learning. While previous studies have shown that linguistic alignment can have a significant impact on collaborative outcomes, there is limited research exploring its role in K–12 learning contexts. This study investigates syntactic and lexical linguistic alignments in a collaborative computer science–learning corpus from 24 pairs (48 individuals) of middle school students (aged 11–13). The results show stronger effects of self-alignment than partner alignment on both syntactic and lexical levels, with students often diverging from their partners on task-relevant words. Furthermore, student self-alignment on the syntactic level is negatively correlated with partner satisfaction ratings, while self-alignment on lexical level is positively correlated with their partner’s satisfaction.
How Does Perceived Social Support, Mindfulness, and Coping Strategies Influencing Death Anxiety Among Patients With Tuberculosis
Authors: Al-ghabeesh Suhair , Alnaeem Mohammad M. , Soub Rana
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationship between coping strategies, social support, mindfulness, and death anxiety among TB survivors. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 120 adult patients diagnosed with TB were enrolled from public hospital. Results: The patients had moderate death anxiety (M = 45.3, SD = 6.88). However, TB patients reported high perceived coping strategies, great social support, and dispositional mindfulness. The death anxiety was negatively associated with mindfulness (r = -0.211; p < .05) and with perceived social support (r = -0.368, p < .05). Attention awareness to living activity, perceived social support, type of TB, and duration of treatment were predicted the participants’ death anxiety. Conclusions: The presence of death anxiety among TB patients is a significant and tangible issue that can significantly impact their overall well-being. Addressing this concern is pivotal for their mental resilience, treatment adherence, and overall recovery.
Characteristics of adults with potential refractory chronic cough identified using an algorithm designed for administrative claims databases: A descriptive study
Authors: van Boemmel-Wegmann Sascha , Altman Kenneth W. , Herrera Ron , Pires Philippe Vieira , Pichardo Priscilla F.A , Vora Pareen
Published: March 2024

Objective As population-based studies describing the characteristics of patients with refractory chronic cough (RCC) are sparse, the objective of this descriptive study was to identify and describe such patients using an algorithm developed for administrative claims databases and requiring validation in future. Methods We identified adults with chronic cough (N = 782,121) from Optum Clinformatics™ Data Mart as individuals with a ‘cough event’ (primary cough event; based on ICD codes/relevant prescriptions) and ≥2 cough events in the 56–180 preceding days. We applied several exclusion criteria to identify potential RCC cases and stratified them into probable, possible, and unlikely RCC cohorts by the number of cough events during 1-year follow up (≥3, 1–2 or 0 events, respectively). Patient characteristics were described during the year before the primary cough event and follow up. Results 16.8% (n = 131,772) of patients with chronic cough were potential RCC cases: 25.8% probable, 35.9% possible and 38.3% unlikely. The majority were female (66.4–70.5%); median age was 53–60 years. The most common comorbidities and cough-associated complications at baseline were: allergic rhinitis (30.7–39.1%), hypertension (37.3–47.7%), gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (23.7–34.3%), asthma (18.1–27.3%), insomnia (6.3–8.3%) and stress incontinence (2.5–3.9%). Among probable RCC cases, use of several medications was higher during follow up versus baseline: 52.7% versus 49.0% (cough treatments), 73.3% versus 69.0% (respiratory drugs), 40.5% versus 34.2% (gastrointestinal drugs) and 58.8% versus 56.1% (psychotherapeutics). Conclusion Our algorithm requires validation but provides a starting point to identify patients with RCC in claims databases in future studies.
“A Wound That Was Already Festering”: The Burdens of a Racial Justice Program on Teachers of Color
Authors: Villavicencio Adriana , Hill Kathryn , Conlin Dana , Klevan Sarah
Published: March 2024

Background:

Research that documents the influence of anti-racism programs on teacher practice shows some desired outcomes, including developing critical consciousness to support students of color and educate others about stereotyping; understanding how racial bias affects one’s teaching and relationships with students; and implementing anti-racist approaches in schoolwide policies and practice. At the same time, research on anti-racist professional development (PD) also highlights the challenges of engaging in this work when white teachers, in particular, respond defensively or dismissively. Studies have shown how these responses can reinforce stereotyping behavior among white participants and reinscribe unequal social relationships.

Research Questions:

This article aims to answer the following questions: (1) How do white educators, if they do at all, display resistance to racial justice work? (2) How does resistance among white educators, if it does so at all, shape the experiences of educators of color? (3) How can schools reduce the potential burden of racial justice work on educators of color?

Research Design:

This article draws on data from a case study of a New York City elementary school that participated in a yearlong racial justice program. Data sources include semi-structured interviews with school and program leaders; focus groups with members of the racial equity committee and other teachers; observations of professional development sessions, racial equity committee meetings, and other program activities; and artifacts related to the implementation of the program to deepen our understanding of the program’s implementation and responses from multiple stakeholders.

Recommendations:

Grounded in critical race theory (CRT), the findings from this study paint a complex picture of the behaviors that white teachers may employ that derail racial justice work, the emotional and professional burden of that resistance on educators of color, and promising approaches for confronting resistance in order to advance racial equity. Beyond identifying the potential costs of engaging in racial justice work, our findings also offer schools and educators promising approaches for challenging white resistance while not perpetuating racial harm. We propose an implementation model that intentionally shields educators of color from the remonstrations of white resistors and the additional toll they can take on their time and well-being. Moreover, given what we know about the outsized role school leaders play in shaping school environments and professional cultures, it is essential that school leaders show commitment to organizational transformation, while developing the skills required to confront varying degrees of white resistance.
The Effect of Respiratory Muscle Training on Swallowing Function in Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hao Xiaonan , Yang Yuhang , Qin Yuan , Lv Miaohua , Zhao Xuetong , Wu Shuang , Li Kun
Published: March 2024

Background:

The improvement of swallowing function after stroke is a significant challenge faced by patients and health care professionals. However, the current evidence synthesis of the effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) on swallowing function is limited.

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness of RMT on swallowing recovery in patients undergoing stroke.

Methods:

The CKNI, WanFang Data, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies evaluating RMT interventions’ effect on swallowing outcomes. Risks of bias were evaluated using the approach recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration tool and a summary of findings table was generated using the GRADE approach. Outcomes were synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis model.

Results:

RMT interventions reduced the risk of aspiration (SMD = 1.19; 95% CI, 0.53-1.84), the recovery process of water swallowing function (RR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.42), and the activity of the swallowing muscles (SMD = 2.91; 95% CI, 2.22-3.61). However, there was no significant effect of RMT on the functional level of oral intake (SMD = 0.70; 95% CI, −0.03 to 1.42).

Conclusions:

RMT can be regarded as an innovative, auxiliary means in the near future to better manage and improve swallowing function, given its improving effect on work outcomes in this review.
Genetic predisposition to early mycosis fungoides: investigating genetic polymorphisms in tissue-resident memory T-cell genes
Authors: Almaani Nour , Farhan Fatima , Bani Hamad Salsabiela , Abuhawileh Eman A , Koubaitary Lana , Ahram Mamoun , Aladily Tariq N
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; it arises from tissue-resident memory T-cells (TRM). In the present study, we investigated potential functional genetic variations that may predispose MF development.

Methods

A case–control study was conducted using whole-exome sequencing, with a focus on genes that are essential to TRM function.

Results

We included 21 patients and 19 healthy subjects in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the following genes were significantly more common in patients than in healthy subjects: GZMB, HLA-DRB1, CD103, and NOTCH1. Moreover, the number of patients carrying single nucleotide polymorphisms in LAG3, NR4A2, and CD26L was significantly greater in the patient group than in the control group.

Conclusions

The presence of genetic variations in one or more TRM functional gene may predispose patients to develop MF. Further studies involving a larger patient population and a comparative analysis of protein expression will be necessary to validate these findings.
Improved Temporary Traffic Control Guidance for Mobile Operations on Two-Lane Roadways
Authors: Theiss LuAnn , Ullman Gerald L. , Jackels Jon
Published: March 2024

The objective of this research was to develop guidance for improving safety at mobile operations on two-lane roadways. One of the most significant hazards to workers performing mobile operations is unpredictable driver behavior around the operation (including poor passing decisions). Researchers observed 1,209 passing maneuvers at 17 different mobile operations in Texas and Minnesota, U.S., to better understand driver behavior around mobile operations. An analysis of the passing maneuver data showed that 449 passing maneuvers were made by drivers who were not first in the queue of vehicles behind the mobile operation. These passing maneuvers were considered undesirable because they indicate some degree of driver impatience. Researchers analyzed the amount of time each driver spent in the queue and found that nearly 50% of drivers who waited in the queue for 4 min or longer attempted an undesirable passing maneuver. This increased to nearly 85% when wait times exceed 6 min. As a result of the field studies, the researchers recommended that transportation agencies strive to avoid creating situations where drivers in queue must follow a mobile operation for several minutes without opportunities to pass. When these delays cannot be avoided, the work crew may need to pull over and allow vehicles to pass. If there are no suitable pullover locations, a stationary work zone with positive traffic control methods (e.g., flaggers, portable signals) should be considered.
The Sprint Mechanics Assessment Score: A Qualitative Screening Tool for the In-field Assessment of Sprint Running Mechanics
Authors: Bramah Christopher , Tawiah-Dodoo Jonas , Rhodes Samantha , Elliott Joshua D. , Dos’Santos Thomas
Published: March 2024

Background:

Qualitative movement screening tools provide a practical method of assessing mechanical patterns associated with potential injury development. Biomechanics play a role in hamstring strain injury and are recommended as a consideration within injury screening and rehabilitation programs. However, no methods are available for the in-field assessment of sprint running mechanics associated with hamstring strain injuries.

Purpose:

To investigate the intra- and interrater reliability of a novel screening tool assessing in-field sprint running mechanics titled the Sprint Mechanics Assessment Score (S-MAS) and present normative S-MAS data to facilitate the interpretation of performance standards for future assessment uses.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Maximal sprint running trials (35 m) were recorded from 136 elite soccer players using a slow-motion camera. All videos were scored using the S-MAS by a single assessor. Videos from 36 players (18 men and 18 women) were rated by 2 independent assessors blinded to each other's results to establish interrater reliability. One assessor scored all videos in a randomized order 1 week later to establish intrarater reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) based on single measures using a 2-way mixed-effects model, with absolute agreement with 95% CI and kappa coefficients with percentage agreements, were used to assess the reliability of the overall score and individual score items, respectively. T-scores were calculated from the means and standard deviations of the male and female groups to present normative data values. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to assess between-sex differences and between-limb differences, respectively.

Results:

The S-MAS showed good intrarater (ICC, 0.828 [95% CI, 0.688-0.908]) and interrater (ICC, 0.799 [95% CI, 0.642-0.892]) reliability, with a standard error of measurement of 1 point. Kappa coefficients for individual score items demonstrated moderate to substantial intra- and interrater agreement for most parameters, with percentage agreements ranging from 75% to 88.8% for intrarater and 66.6% to 88.8% for interrater reliability. No significant sex differences were observed for overall scores, with mean values of 4.2 and 3.8 for men and women, respectively ( P = .27).

Conclusion:

The S-MAS is a new tool developed for assessing sprint running mechanics associated with lower limb injuries in male and female soccer players. The reliable and easy-to-use nature of the S-MAS means that this method can be integrated into practice, potentially aiding future injury screening and research looking to identify athletes who may demonstrate mechanical patterns potentially associated with hamstring strain injuries.
Healthcare provider Communication and Data-Informed Message Strategies for Encouraging Older Adults to Stay up to Date on COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Totzkay Dan , Fraustino Julia Daisy , Costello Lisa M. , Kunkle Christine E.
Published: March 2024

Older adults are a high in risk of severe COVID-19 disease outcomes and experience “vaccine hesitancy.” Guided by health communication models such as the Reasoned Action Approach and the Extended Parallel Process Model, online surveys designed to inform statewide public health communication efforts were administered in West Virginia, a primarily rural and fully Appalachian state, in Winter 2021 ( n = 272) and Fall 2022 ( n = 248). Adults ages 50+ years ( N = 520) reported attitudes, intentions, and behaviors regarding COVID-19 vaccination and their related patient-provider communication. Vaccine usefulness/safety, perceived effectiveness, and subjective norms predicted behavior while perceived severity, efficacy, and usefulness/safety predicted intention to get a booster, specifically the updated Fall 2022 Omicron (bivalent) booster. As patient-provider communication (which a minority reported receiving) was a strong predictor of behavioral outcomes, characteristics of effective healthcare provider communication and considerations for public message construction are discussed.
Evaluating the Classroom Environment: Multilevel Validation and Measurement Invariance of Classroom Behavioral Climate
Authors: Michael Demos , Tsigilis Nikolaos , Michaelidou Victoria , Gregoriadis Athanasios , Charalambous Vicky , Vrasidas Charalambos
Published: March 2024

The present study contributes to the development of effective measures to evaluate classroom climate, especially in elementary education where these remain limited. In addition, it addresses a typical “flaw” of several studies by approaching classroom climate as a group-level construct rather than an individual characteristic. Following a multilevel approach, we attempted to establish validity evidence for an adapted version of the Classroom Behavioral Climate (CBC) questionnaire and examine its equivalence across two contexts. The participants included 2963 students from 176 fourth and fifth grade classes. Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analyses resulted in a shorter version of the CBC with three correlated factors in both countries. Two-level models performed better than the single-level models. Configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance was also achieved. The study highlights the need for researchers and practitioners to use appropriate methods and instruments to evaluate the classroom environment based on their research aims and intended use.