bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investor sentiment and mutual fund flow‐performance sensitivity: Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Yuling , Zhang Xueyong
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the relationship between investor sentiment and flow performance sensitivity of mutual funds in China. We first find that fund flow is positively related to performance in the past quarter and negatively associated with performance in the current quarter. Using a machine learning technique to establish proxies for investor sentiment, we show that positive sentiment mitigates this negative correlation by relieving investors' anxiety about risk and decreasing redemption. The effect is more pronounced in retail dominated funds, volatile markets and growth style funds. This finding is robust after controlling for investor attention, sentiment divergence and percentile return rankings.
Efficacy and safety of intranasal medications for allergic rhinitis: Network meta‐analysis
Authors: Sousa‐Pinto Bernardo , Vieira Rafael José , Bognanni Antonio , Gil‐Mata Sara , Ferreira‐da‐Silva Renato , Ferreira André , Cardoso‐Fernandes António , Ferreira‐Cardoso Henrique , Marques‐Cruz Manuel , Duarte Vítor Henrique , Castro‐Teles João , Campos‐Lopes Miguel , Teixeira‐Ferreira Ana , Lourenço‐Silva Nuno , Chérrez‐Ojeda Ivan , Bedbrook Anna , Klimek Ludger , Nuñez Juan Jose Yepes , Zuberbier Torsten , Fonseca João A. , Schünemann Holger J. , Bousquet Jean ,   the ARIA 2024 guideline panel
Published: November 2024

Background

Intranasal antihistamines (INAH), corticosteroids (INCS), and their fixed combinations (INAH+INCS) are one of the cornerstones of the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). We performed a systematic review and network‐meta‐analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of INAH, INCS, and INAH+INCS in patients with AR.

Methods

We searched four electronic bibliographic databases and three clinical trial databases for randomised controlled trials assessing the use of INAH, INCS, and INAH+INCS in adults with seasonal or perennial AR. We performed a network meta‐analysis on the Total Nasal Symptom Score, Total Ocular Symptom Score, Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire, development of adverse events, and withdrawals due to adverse events. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE‐NMA.

Results

We included 167 primary studies, most of which assessed patients with seasonal AR. Among individual medications, azelastine‐fluticasone, and fluticasone furoate were the most frequently highest‐ranked interventions for efficacy outcomes, being regularly associated with clinically meaningful larger improvements when compared to other active treatments. Considering drug classes, INAH+INCS were the highest‐ranked interventions for all outcomes in which they were assessed, followed in most cases by INCS. In 105 out of 184 comparisons in seasonal AR, and 28 out of 97 comparisons in perennial AR, certainty of evidence was considered “high” or “moderate”.

Conclusion

Intranasal medications for AR display clinically relevant differences in their efficacy, but all show a good safety profile. To our knowledge, this is the first network meta‐analysis comparing INAH, INCS, and INAH+INCS in AR, providing relevant evidence for guideline developers and practising physicians on the most efficacious treatments.
Breast cancer related lymphoedema: a review of contemporary preventive strategies
Authors: Tourani Saam S.
Published: November 2024

Secondary lymphoedema remains an incurable long‐term complication of breast cancer treatment. Prevention is our best chance against this debilitating condition. Strategies for selective de‐escalation of oncological therapies have continued to evolve over the last few decades to reduce the incidence of this feared complication. In this manuscript we first review the current strategies in de‐escalation of axillary treatment. We then review the current evidence for immediate lymphatic reconstruction in those high‐risk patients who cannot be spared from more aggressive axillary management.
Therapeutic hypothermia success for hypoxic‐ischaemic encephalopathy in Latin America: Eight‐year experience in EpicLatino Neonatal Network
Authors: Fajardo Carlos , Belzu Marco , Bernal Benitez Manuel , Hoyos Ángela , Hernández Patiño Rubén , Monterrosa Luis , Villegas Carolina ,   EpicLatino Neonatal Network
Published: November 2024

Aim

A study reported that therapeutic hypothermia (TH) did not reduce the combined prognosis of mortality and disability at 18 months, in low‐ and middle‐income countries for patients with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) who received TH, suggesting its no implementation in these regions.

We described characteristics, mortality, and neurological response before and after the use of TH in newborns with HIE within the EpicLatino Neonatal Network (ENN) and described the population of infants with HIE treated and not treated with TH.

Methods

Data were collected from 2015 to 2022 for patients with HIE. Mortality rates and Sarnat scores were compared before and after TH. The Wilcoxon Signed‐Rank Test was used for comparisons.

Results

In this observational study 518 neonates of our total population of 26 970, had HIE (1.92%) of whom 150 underwent TH. Ten out of 21 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) provided TH. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for 138 cases with complete data showed a significant difference.

Conclusion

The findings support the benefits of TH in HIE within this cohort. TH should not be withheld solely due to the economic status of the country. A strict patient selection and TH protocol are essential.
From imagination to activism: Cognitive alternatives motivate commitment to activism through identification with social movements and collective efficacy
Authors: Bleh Julian , Masson Torsten , Köhler Sabrina , Fritsche Immo
Published: November 2024

Having a vision and being able to imagine socially and ecologically just alternatives can motivate people for societal transformation. However, which psychological processes drive this link between the mental accessibility of societal alternatives and collective action? We hypothesized that collective efficacy beliefs and politicized identification form two pathways mediating the effects of cognitive alternatives on high‐cost activist behaviour. Two studies and a pooled analysis tested these hypotheses longitudinally. Data were collected in two field settings: a climate camp and an online conference on socio‐ecological visions. In line with our assumptions, and across three of the four analysed timeframes, latent change score modelling showed that changes in cognitive alternatives predicted changes in collective efficacy beliefs and social movement identification, which in turn, predicted changes in collective action intentions. We found clear evidence for our hypotheses in the short term and mixed evidence in the long term. Additional analyses including participative efficacy showed no relevant effects. We concluded that the ability to envision social change may foster a sense of agency as members of social movements. These processes linking imagination to activism are less about individual efficacy than about realizing the collective possibilities for change and identifying with the groups enacting it.
Quantifying the relative provenance contributions to submarine channel systems in the Qiongdongnan Basin since the Miocene: Implications for tectonic responses and channel migration
Authors: Miaomiao Meng , Li Liu , Jinqiang Liang , Jie Xu , Junxi Feng , Zenggui Kuang , Wei Zhang , Wei Huang , Jinfeng Ren , Wei Deng , Yuehua Gong
Published: November 2024

The submarine Miocene Central Canyon and Pleistocene channel systems in the Qiongdongnan Basin constitute valuable sedimentary records that provide insight into the depositional processes and sediment routing from the hinterland to the deep sea. However, the primary source of sediment for the Pleistocene channel systems and the variation in relative sediment contributions since the Miocene from potential source terranes remain unknown. We have integrated new and published detrital zircon U–Pb ages and rare earth elements (REEs) from Pleistocene channel sands and late Miocene Central Canyon sands in the Qiongdongnan Basin to analyse the sediment routing system of these channel systems since the Miocene. Qualitative analyses of REEs, comparisons of detrital zircon age spectra, and multidimensional scaling plots suggest that the Red River is a significant source of sediment supply. The quantitative analysis of sediment mixing models indicates that the Pleistocene channel sands were mainly sourced from the Red River (62.8%–85.7%), followed by Central Vietnam rivers (4.8%–27.1%), with a minor amount derived from rivers in Hainan Island, Northern Vietnam and Southern Vietnam. Sand sediments, mainly from the Red River system, were deposited in the Yinggehai Basin, then transported and deposited again in the Qiongdongnan Basin. The relatively stable and major sediment supply from the Red River since the Miocene may have been driven by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. This study quantifies the relative provenance contributions to submarine channel systems in the Qiongdongnan Basin since the Miocene. It provides crucial geological implications for tectonic responses to channel migrations and the prediction of gas hydrates in sandy reservoirs.
Anthropogenic landscape features affect the ground habitat use of Penelope superciliaris (Cracidae), a large seed disperser bird in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Braga Pâmela Rodrigues , do Carmo Pônzio Marcella , Pasqualotto Nielson , Alberici Vinicius , Paolino Roberta Montanheiro , Rodrigues Rodolpho Credo , Chiarello Adriano Garcia
Published: November 2024

The expansion of agriculture and forest plantations over tropical biomes has caused significant species loss, while others persist in remnant native areas and anthropogenic lands. Penelope superciliaris, a large seed disperser bird, inhabits human‐modified landscapes; however, its habitat use is poorly known. We investigated how native land covers, distance to water sources, and anthropogenic landscape features affect the species' ground habitat use in disturbed and undisturbed areas of three landscapes in Southeastern Brazil. We expected the species to use the ground more in native areas and near water sources because of the higher habitat quality. We collected presence‐absence data during two dry seasons at 205 sampling stations with camera traps. Using occupancy models, we calculated the cumulative AICc weights of covariates for occupancy (interpreted as probability of use, Ψ) and detection (interpreted as frequency of use, p) parameters. The proportion of managed forests negatively influenced the species' frequency of use. The probability of use was higher when camera trap stations were located on unpaved roads. Model averaged prediction showed that the species uses about 56% of the landscapes. Our results suggest that intensively managed forests are not favorable or attractive habitats for the species. Unpaved roads associated with native vegetation edges may provide valuable habitats for the species during the dry season, possibly associated with movement and resource tracking. These findings may help guide conservation strategies in such modified landscapes, with caution in considering unpaved roads as secure habitats until further data on population abundance are available.

Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Genomic Data Support the Revision of Provenance Regions Delimitation for Scots Pine
Authors: Lasek Martyna , Zaborowska Julia , Łabiszak Bartosz , Chmura Daniel J. , Wachowiak Witold
Published: November 2024

Scots pine is a crucial component of ecosystems in Europe and Asia and a major utility species that comprises more than 60% of total forest production in Poland. Despite its importance, the genetic relationships between key conservation and the commercial value of Scots pine ecotypes in Poland remain unclear. To address this problem, we analyzed 27 populations (841 trees) of the most valuable Polish Scots pine ecotypes, including the oldest natural stands in all 24 regions of provenance established for the species in the country. By examining maternally inherited mitochondrial markers, nuclear microsatellite loci, and thousands of SNP markers from a genotyping array, we evaluated the genetic structure between and within them. These multilevel genomic data revealed high genetic similarity and a homogeneous structure in most populations, suggesting a common historical origin and admixture of populations after the postglacial recolonization of Central Europe. This research presents novel data on existing genomic resources among local ecotypes defined within strictly managed Polish regions of provenance, challenging their validity. Formal tests of the progeny of seed stands are needed to check whether the diversity in adaptation and quantitative traits still supports the delineation of provenance regions. In parallel, the health status of selected populations and the viability of seeds from these regions should be monitored to detect early‐stage symptoms of their environmental stress. It seems reasonable that periodic shortages of forest reproductive material (FRM) in a given region of provenance could be supplemented with the one from other regions that match their climatic envelope. Together, our results have important implications for the management of native Scots pine stands, particularly elite breeding populations, as they contribute to the discussion of the boundaries of provenance regions and the transfers of FRM that face increasing climate change.
Contrasting Future Growth of Norway Spruce and Scots Pine Forests Under Warming Climate
Authors: Martinez del Castillo Edurne , Torbenson Max C. A. , Reinig Frederick , Tejedor Ernesto , de Luis Martín , Esper Jan
Published: November 2024

Forests are essential to climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration, transpiration, and turnover. However, the quantification of climate change impacts on forest growth is uncertain and even contradictory in some regions, which is the result of spatially constrained studies. Here, we use an unprecedented network of 1.5 million tree growth records from 493 Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris stands across Europe to predict species‐specific tree growth variability from 1950 to 2016 (R2 > 0.82) and develop 21st‐century gridded projections considering different climate change scenarios. The approach demonstrates overall positive effects of warming temperatures leading to 25% projected conifer growth increases under the SPP370 scenario, but these additional carbon gains are spatially inhomogeneous and associated with geographic climate gradients. Maximum gains are projected for pines in Scandinavia, where growth trajectories indicate 50% increases by 2071–2100. Smaller but significant growth reductions are projected in Mediterranean Europe, where conifer growth shrinks by 25% in response to warmer temperatures. Our results reveal potential mitigating effects via forest carbon sequestration increases in response to global warming and stress the importance of effective forest management.
Revisiting Alcohol Consumption Among Nurses After the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Searby Adam , Burr Dianna , Alexander Louise
Published: November 2024

The COVID‐19 pandemic continues to cause nurses stress and trauma, with alcohol potentially being used to manage this stress. Prior studies of nurses' alcohol consumption during the COVID‐19 pandemic have shown increases in alcohol consumption to manage stress associated with the pandemic. The aim of this paper is to explore perceptions of alcohol consumption and stress among nurses, particularly since the declared end of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We used semi‐structured interviews with Australian nurses (n = 55), using a qualitative‐descriptive study design, conducted between October 2023 and January 2024. Data were analysed using structural coding and reported in accordance with CORE‐Q guidelines. Four key themes emerged from the data: (1) Alcohol consumption in response to ongoing role stress, (2) Alcohol consumption in response to incidents, (3) The lasting impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and (4) Do nurses feel comfortable seeking help for alcohol use? High‐risk alcohol consumption has persisted beyond the end of the COVID‐19 pandemic to manage the stress associated with clinical environments. Alcohol was also used in response to incidents, and the ongoing trauma and impact of the pandemic was described as a significant source of stress and anxiety. Not all nurses in our study felt comfortable seeking help for alcohol use, with participants describing concern for their nursing registration if they self‐reported their alcohol consumption. Participants reported stronger links between stressful working environments and increased alcohol consumption. Nurses in our study do not feel safe seeking help or self‐reporting alcohol consumption for fear of the regulatory body instituting sanctions that lead to loss or suspension of their registration. These factors require urgent attention to ensure workforce wellbeing and sustainability.
The Impact of Coronary Ischemia Assessment on Outcomes in Those With Scar‐Dependent Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Waight Michael C. , Fabbricatore Davide , Behr Elijah R. , Sohal Manav , Li Anthony C. , Saba Magdi M.
Published: November 2024

Background

Guidance and outcomes of coronary ischemia assessment (IA) in those with structural heart disease (SHD), presenting with monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MMVT) is unclear.

Objectives

To assess the impact of IA on arrhythmic and non‐arrhythmic outcomes in those with SHD.

Methods

Patients presenting with MMVT over a 6‐year period to a tertiary center were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score‐matched analysis was performed comparing those undergoing IA to those who did not. The primary endpoint was a composite of VT recurrence, appropriate ICD therapy, heart failure hospitalization, and death. Secondary analysis of the individual components of the composite was performed. Kaplan–Meier, univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to compare the two groups and derive predictors of poor outcomes.

Results

Two hundred and seventeen patients (57.6% ICM) were analyzed. 55.8% underwent IA. Following propensity score‐matching, 120 patients remained. At 12 months, freedom from the primary endpoint was 68.3% of those undergoing IA versus 43.3% who did not, p < 0.001, multivariate HR 0.56 (0.34–0.92). This was driven by a reduction in all‐cause mortality, with a 12‐month survival of 98.3% in those undergoing IA versus 86.5% in those not undergoing IA (p < 0.01). Coronary intervention was associated with a significantly higher event‐free 12‐month survival compared to those who did not undergo intervention (82.4% vs 51.5%, respectively, p = 0.01).

Conclusions

Patients with SHD presenting MMVT who undergo an IA have significantly improved freedom from VT recurrence, appropriate ICD therapies, HF hospitalization, and death compared to those who do not, driven by a reduction in mortality.
Characterizing juvenile blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) nursery areas in the Galapagos: new methods and understandings
Authors: Goodman Lauren S. , Chiriboga‐Paredes Yasuní , Cable Jaye E. , Hearn Alex
Published: November 2024

New approaches to abundance surveying utilizing unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAVs) are proving to be effective tools in marine and terrestrial environments. We explored UAV efficacy for surveys in the Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR), where relative abundance patterns of juvenile sharks and subsequent classifications of putative nursery areas based on environmental drivers are lacking. The UAV method allowed greater temporal and spatial coverage. We expanded classification of shark nursery habitat through monthly drone surveys and environmental data collection at 14 sites around San Cristobal Island (GMR) from November 2018 to July 2019. In the period of surveying, 56 flights identified 453 juvenile Carcharhinus limbatus (blacktip shark). Classification of nurseries followed three criteria, necessitating higher density, short‐term residency, and annual site fidelity in target locations. We developed preliminary generalized linear models to elucidate potential environmental parameters influencing the perceived abundance and habitat preference of juveniles. Four sites were identified as either potential nurseries or nursery areas for the target species based on previous excursions. An averaged model was subsequently created from the models found to best explain deviance patterns (R2 = 0.10–0.44) in perceived shark abundance and habitat preference. Relative variable importance (RVI) values further clarified the parameters most associated with higher juvenile presence. This approach provides a systematic method of abundance surveying while simultaneously beginning the process of defining when and where we expect to find higher abundance through environmental modelling of most influential parameters to perceived abundance in this environment.
Family science, land‐grant universities, and the daunting legacy of the land‐grab institution
Authors: Ambo Theresa J. , Gavazzi Stephen M.
Published: November 2024

This paper wrestles with the nexus of settler colonialism, the expropriation of Indigenous lands to establish the United States land‐grant system, and the field of Family Science. Family Science programs are embedded within the power structures of the universities to which they belong; certain characteristics of these academic units—especially their emphasis on engagement and professional credentialing—theoretically could produce an idiosyncratic and nuanced context in which academy members operate. First, we grapple with the history of US settler colonialism and the land‐grab concept, focusing attention on the enormous transfer of Native American lands into universities through the Morrill Act. Second, we examine the convergence between the applied activities of family scientists and the tripartite land‐grant mission of teaching, research, and engagement. Consequently, our final aim is to investigate the impact of being a family scientist within a land‐grant university grappling with the historical injustices surrounding its foundation.
Non‐Facial Skin Rejuvenation of the Neck, Chest, and Hands. Part One: Using Injections
Authors: El Hawa Mariana , Shahla William Abou , Fares Callie , Saade Dana
Published: November 2024

Background

The demand for aesthetic procedures aimed at restoring and preserving a youthful appearance is growing. While numerous non‐surgical facial rejuvenation techniques are available, there is a need for a comprehensive review of clinic‐based procedures targeting non‐facial body parts.

Aims

This review aims to describe and evaluate clinic‐based techniques for rejuvenating the neck, chest, and hands, focusing on various types of fillers and other non‐invasive procedures.

Methods

In this first part of this review, we conducted an extensive literature review on PubMed, reporting the effectiveness of different fillers, detailing their preparation, required volume per area, injection methods, durability, and any associated side effects. We also discuss the use of mesotherapy, microneedling, chemical peeling, and Profhilo in these specific body areas.

Conclusion

The review synthesizes the latest data on the effectiveness and safety of these procedures, highlighting the advancements in filler technology and the growing popularity of non‐invasive techniques for body rejuvenation. This article serves as a valuable resource for practitioners and patients interested in non‐surgical body rejuvenation, providing insights into the best practices.
Nonfacial Skin Rejuvenation of the Neck, Chest, and Hands. Part Two: Using Laser Techniques
Authors: Fares Callie , Shahla William Abou , El Hawa Mariana , Saade Dana
Published: November 2024

Background

Interest in aesthetic procedures that help maintain a youthful look is on the rise. While many nonsurgical techniques focus on facial rejuvenation, there is a need for a detailed review of treatments, specifically for nonfacial areas.

Aim

This review explores various clinic‐based methods for revitalizing the neck, chest, and hands, with a particular emphasis on different laser treatments.

Methods

For this second part of the review, we conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed to evaluate the effectiveness of various laser treatments. The review covers treatment parameters such as wavelength, fluence, and pulse, along with outcomes, follow‐up care, and potential side effects. A discussion on the role of sclerotherapy in treating these areas was also included.

Conclusions

This article compiles recent findings on the safety and effectiveness of these treatments, showcasing progress in laser technologies and the growing trend of noninvasive body rejuvenation. It offers practical insights for both practitioners and patients looking for reliable options in nonsurgical body treatments.
Instruments for Measuring the Burden of Family Caregivers of Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review of Measurement Properties
Authors: Zhou Yue , Zhang Jie , Pan Yufan , Dai Yu , Sun Yujian , Xiao Yi , Tang Fuyou , Yu Yufeng
Published: November 2024

Aims

This study identifies instruments for assessing the burden on family caregivers of cancer patients and evaluates their psychometric properties using COSMIN criteria.

Design

A systematic review based on COSMIN methodology.

Methods

The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies were identified through searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China Science and Technology Journal Database, covering literature from inception to September 2024. Included studies focused on developing or validating measurement tools and assessing psychometric properties such as reliability, internal consistency and construct validity. Two independent researchers screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated psychometric properties using COSMIN criteria while assessing evidence quality via the GRADE method.

Results

A total of 32 studies were included, encompassing 17 tools for assessing caregiver burden. None reported measurement error, cross‐cultural validity or responsiveness. The Caregiver's Burden Scale in End‐of‐Life Care (CBS‐EOLC) demonstrated strong reliability, validity and internal consistency, receiving a strong recommendation for clinical practice. In contrast, the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Family Caregiver Burden Interview Scale (FBIS) and Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (BCOS) are not recommended due to insufficient supporting evidence. Other tools showed weak evidence, leading to weak recommendations.

Conclusions

The CBS‐EOLC exhibits comprehensive psychometric properties suitable for clinical applications. The ZBI, FBIS and BCOS lack adequate supporting evidence and are not recommended. Future research should focus on measurement error, cross‐cultural validity and responsiveness to enhance these tools' applicability and reliability.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

This review provides evidence for healthcare providers to select instruments for assessing caregiver burden in cancer patients.

Impact

This systematic review highlights the need for comprehensive assessments of caregiver burden based on COSMIN guidelines.

No Patient or Public Contribution

This study is a systematic review with no patient or public participation.
Examining the Anxiety and Preparedness Levels of Nurses and Nurse Candidates for Artificial Intelligence Health Technologies
Authors: Maraş Gülseren , Albayrak Günday Eda , Sürme Yeliz
Published: November 2024

Aims

This study examined the anxiety levels of nurses and nurse candidates regarding humanoid nurse robots and artificial intelligence health technologies in perioperative patient care.

Design

Descriptive and cross‐sectional study.

Methods

The research was conducted with 158 intern students and 167 surgical nurses. Socio‐demographic characteristics form, Questions Form Regarding Humanoid Nurse Robots and Artificial Intelligence Health Technologies, Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale and The Medical Artificial Intelligence Preparedness Scale were used. The independent t‐test and one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. This study complied with Appendix S1.

Results

The total scores on the Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale for nurses and nursing students are 73.089 ± 31.667 and 73.624 ± 28.029, respectively. The total scores on the Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale for nurses and nursing students are 71.736 ± 15.064 and 72.183 ± 13.714, respectively. When comparing the sociodemographic characteristics and scale scores of nurses, a statistically significant difference was found between age and the Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale scores (p < 0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference between age, gender and work duration and the Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale scores for nurses (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Both groups exhibited moderate levels of anxiety and readiness regarding artificial intelligence. Comprehensive research is needed to elucidate the impact of artificial intelligence technologies on nursing professionals.

Implication for the Profession

The proper use of Artificial Intelligence technologies can enhance the quality of patient care, alleviate the workload, increase patient and staff satisfaction and foster new perspectives on acceptance. With their integration into clinics, a patient‐centred care environment will emerge, improving patient safety, outcomes and overall well‐being. Thus, the anxieties of nurses and students towards artificial intelligence technologies will decrease, and their readiness will increase.

Patient or Public Contribution

No Patient or Public Contribution.
“Going Beyond Darkness”—Lingering Images and Ideation of Self‐Destruction
Authors: Gunnarsson Nina Veetnisha
Published: November 2024

Purpose

This paper is a personal reflection on the persistence of self‐destructive thoughts and ideations in individuals with a history of self‐destructiveness.

Background

Personal narratives are essential for understanding mental health and illness, particularly for those with a history of self‐destructive behaviour. I, a researcher with lived experience of mental illness and self‐destructiveness, highlight the importance of presenting them in their raw and unmediated form.

Methods

This paper is a first‐person narrative where I use my own personal experiences to illustrate and analyse the persistence of self‐destructive thoughts.
Novel Emerging Mechanisms in Acetaminophen (APAP) Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Hionides‐Gutierrez Alejandro , Goikoetxea‐Usandizaga Naroa , Sanz‐García Carlos , Martínez‐Chantar María L. , Cubero Francisco Javier
Published: November 2024

Background

Drug‐induced liver injury represents a critical public health issue, marked by unpredictable and potentially severe adverse reactions to medications, herbal products or dietary supplements.

Aims

Acetaminophen is notably a leading cause of hepatotoxicity, impacting over one million individuals worldwide.

Materials & Methods

Extensive research has elucidated the intricate mechanisms driving APAP‐induced liver injury, emphasising the significant roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.

Results

These insights pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies, including the use of magnesium, bile acids, microbiota modulation and mesenchymal stem cells.

Discussion & Conclusion

This review explores into these pathological mechanisms, proposing viable therapeutic interventions for patients suffering from APAP‐induced liver injury.
The Semantics and Expression of Apprehensional Modality
Authors: AnderBois Scott , Dąbkowski Maksymilian
Published: November 2024

Apprehensionality refers to the semantic domain of negative prospective epistemic modality and the formal expressions used to encode it. In this article, we break down the apprehensional situation into five prototypical components: (I) future reference, (II) possibility, (III) negative evaluation, (IV) avertive intent, and (V) a preferred action. In doing so, we propose a framework for comparing synchronic and diachronic aspects of the semantics and expression of apprehensional modality across languages. We discuss several recent formal accounts of three apprehensional morphemes—Francez's account of Biblical Hebrew pen, Dąbkowski and AnderBois's of A'ingae ‐sa'ne, and Phillips's of Australian Kriol bambai—relate their formalisms to the apprehensional situation schema, and evaluate their predictions. We summarise previous findings on the grammaticalisation pathways towards and among apprehensional morphemes. We find that apprehensionals grammaticalise from a wide range of sources, including components I–IV of the apprehensional schema. Among the apprehensional functions themselves, both subordination and insubordination are commonly encountered.
Ends versus means? Ideology and support for repeals in the mass public
Authors: Birkhead Nathaniel A. , Ragusa Jordan , Amira Karyn , DeLong Sam
Published: November 2024

An important, but poorly understood issue in modern American politics is the conservative wing of the Republican party's interest in repealing legislation. Although existing work shows that conservative Republican elites focus more on repeals than in past decades, it remains unclear what the public thinks about this governance approach. We examine this issue with a survey experiment asking respondents to evaluate four policy proposals in Congress, holding the “ends” constant but randomizing whether they are achieved by enacting a new law or repealing an existing law. Our results show that conservatives favor repeals as a legislative tool more so than liberals and moderates. We also show that this is the result of ideological, rather than partisan considerations. Our findings shed light on both the modern Republican party's approach to governance and a key issue at the nexus of mass attitudes, ideology, and legislative procedure.
Determining the Relationship Between Sleep Problems, Shock Pain, and Shock Anxiety in Patients With ICD
Authors: Buyruk Esra , Topbaş Eylem , Keskin Gökhan
Published: November 2024

Aims

This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep problems, shock pain, and shock anxiety in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and the affecting factors.

Methods and Results

The population of this descriptive cross‐sectional study consisted of all patients who underwent ICD implantation in university hospital (N = 200), and the sample consisted of patients who met the inclusion criteria of the study (n = 132). Data were obtained using a “General Information Form”, the “Florida Shock Anxiety Scale (FSAS)”, the “Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)”, the “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)”, and the “Visual Pain Scale (VPS)”. The mean age of the patients was 66.13 years. The VPS was 6.40 ± 3.36; the mean FSAS score was 29.98 ± 8.46; the mean PSQI score was 8.02 ± 3.81; the mean ESS score was 7.59 ± 4.10. PSQI had a statistically significant correlation with the total FSAS score (p < 0.001) and a statistically insignificant correlation with ESS (p > 0.001). Age, sex, marital status, smoking status, cohabitants, previous ICD shocks, the status of lying on ICD, and fear of dislocation of ICD affected the total FSAS score; sex, employment status, history of heart attack, defined sleep disorder, awakening from sleep due to nightmares, and cessation of breathing during sleep affected the total PSQI score; history of previously defined sleep disorder, history of heart attack, use of medication for a sleep disorder, the pain felt when lying on ICD, and pain experienced during ICD shocks affected the total ESS score. The mean shock VPS scores differed between patients who received an ICD shock during sleep and those who were awakened by nightmares.

Conclusions

It was found that the shock anxiety and shock pain scores of ICD patients were above average, that they had poor sleep quality, and that their sleepiness was at the level of “normal but increased daytime sleepiness”.
What's so good about bad art?
Authors: Algander Per
Published: November 2024

Some artworks are aesthetically better than others. But can bad artworks have certain merits in virtue of being bad? Can something be so bad that it is good? In this paper I distinguish several interpretations of the question and consider whether contemporary theories of aesthetic value can render such a claim true. I also present a handful of desirable features which a plausible theory of the value of bad art should satisfy.
A Retrospective Comparison Between Home and in‐Office NB‐UVB Efficacy for Patients With Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: Garfinkel Victoria , Reisch Joan S. , Goff Heather Woodworth
Published: November 2024

Introduction

This study addresses the gap in research comparing the effectiveness between home and in‐office narrowband ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) phototherapy for the treatment of mycosis fungoides (MF). Elderly and disabled patients with this condition disproportionally lack access to home units due to insurance denial.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective review included patients diagnosed with MF or Sezary syndrome who underwent either in‐office or home UVB between 2016 and 2023. Eighty‐four patients used home NB‐UVB, while 75 used in‐office. Clinical characteristics, treatment response, and access were evaluated.

Results

Overall, there was no significant difference in response rates between home and in‐office NB‐UVB phototherapy. Subgroup analysis based on adjuvant treatment revealed a significant difference in clinical response rates for patients using NB‐UVB with topicals (p = 0.008) and NB‐UVB with multiple systemic therapies (p = 0.04). Financial and time constraints were the most common cause of treatment discontinuation for in‐office patients (28%).

Conclusions

The effectiveness of home NB‐UVB treatment is comparable, if not superior, to in‐office treatment, likely attributed to treatment ease in access and compliance. Medicare and other health insurance companies should expand coverage to include home‐based phototherapy for patients with MF, a potentially fatal cancer with a relative paucity of effective alternate therapies.
Periodontal and orthodontic management of impacted canines
Authors: Qali Mohammad , Li Chenshuang , Chung Chun‐Hsi , Tanna Nipul
Published: November 2024

The maxillary and mandibular canines are described by many clinicians as the “cornerstone” of the arch. When in their optimal position, they play a critical role in providing a well‐balanced occlusal scheme that contributes toward functional as well as neuromuscular stability, harmony, esthetics, and dentofacial balance. When an aberration is noted with the normal eruptive and development process, early diagnosis with strategic intervention is critical and may often require a multidisciplinary approach. A proper diagnosis, risk assessment, and management of the soft tissues, hard tissues, and adjacent structures are vital for a successful outcome. This review highlights the diagnostic and treatment modalities that require consideration for the orthodontic as well as the periodontal management of impacted canines. The reader is guided through the etiology, diagnosis, prevention, and intervention of clinical cases that were managed with different approaches.
Mentalizing Care: Adult Attachment and Structural Factors as Predictors of Representational Mind‐Mindedness in Early Child‐Care Professionals
Authors: Wendelboe Katrine I. , Stuart Anne C. , Frees Amanda , Egmose Ida , Mohr Julie E. , Væver Mette Skovgaard , Smith‐Nielsen Johanne
Published: November 2024

Out‐of‐home childcare is increasingly essential in many children's lives, significantly impacting their wellbeing and development. Central to high‐quality care is the concept of caregiver mind‐mindedness (MM), the ability to recognize a child as a unique psychological individual with thoughts, feelings, intentions etc., as this capacity is linked with more optimal responsiveness to children's needs. Despite its importance, the factors influencing MM in professional caregivers remain under‐researched. We examined the association between structural factors, self‐reported adult attachment, and caregiver representational MM assessed in an interview. The sample consisted of 128 childcare professionals from 30 Danish early childcare centers (children aged 0–2.9 years), participating in a randomized controlled trial. Overall, our results showed that longer employment in the current position was associated with higher levels of representational MM, i.e., increased tendency to describe children in terms of their mental states as opposed to more behavioral or external features. In contrast, more years of experience working in childcare as well as attachment‐related avoidance were associated with lower levels of representational MM. These results indicate that personal characteristics, like adult attachment, may be a relevant focus for early education and care research and training.
An Exploratory Vector Field Analysis of Ground Reaction Force During Maximum Sprinting Efforts in Male Soccer Players and Sprinters
Authors: Kadlec Daniel , Colyer Steffi , Nagahara Ryu , Nimphius Sophia
Published: November 2024

The ability to accelerate and attain high velocities is essential for both individual and team sport athletes. The purpose of this explorative study was to retrospectively analyze the ground reaction force using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) vector field analysis, as traditional scalar analyses often fail to acknowledge the interdependence of force vector components. The ground reaction force vector and the scalar components (i.e., vertical and horizontal force) were analyzed for 28 male sprinters and 24 male soccer players at 8.0 and 8.5 m·s−1, and between 85%, 90%, 95%, and 100% of their maximum velocity. The ground reaction force vector differed predominately during mid‐stance and late stance between both groups at 8.0 and 8.5 m·s−1. Within‐group analysis also revealed that in both groups, the first ~60% of stance tended to increase in relevance when transitioning to higher sprinting velocities as evident by the increasing {T2} test statistic between adjacent velocity comparisons. Sprinters and soccer player reached their respective maximal sprinting velocity at ~40 m. This exploratory study discusses the potential limitations of scalar analysis and highlights the benefits of incorporating vector field analysis. Although both analysis methods resulted in similar conclusions in our re‐analysis, vector field analysis may still enhance the understanding of force application in sprint performance by considering the interdependence of force components. We recommend utilizing vector field analyses alongside traditional methods in sports biomechanics research to ultimately enhance the accuracy of interpretations related to vector data.
Effect of preventive chemotherapy for neglected tropical diseases in Indonesia from 1992 to 2022: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Murhandarwati Elsa Herdiana , Probandari Ari , Kusumasari Rizqiani Amalia , Ferdiana Astri , Kustanti Christina Yeni , Dewi Kharisma , Tarmizi Siti Nadia , Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Schierhout Gill , Romani Lucia , Kaldor John , Nery Susana Vaz
Published: November 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to describe the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis (LF), soil‐transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis (SC) in Indonesia before and after PC implementation through a systematic review and meta‐analysis.

Methods

Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched for articles published between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 2022, reporting LF, STH and SC in Indonesia. Using the Ministry of Health lists of districts receiving PC programs, we identified whether data collection was conducted before or after PC implementation in that particular district. A meta‐analysis was performed with a random‐effects model applied to pool pre‐ and post‐PC prevalence of LF, STH and SC.

Results

Overall, 195 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of LF was 9.72% (95% CI, 5.56%–13.87%). The pre‐PC pooled prevalence of LF was 11.48% (95% CI, 5.52%–17.45%). The prevalence decreased after PC implementation, and the pooled prevalence was 7.12% (95% CI, 1.79%–12.44%). The overall prevalence of STH was 35.16% (95% CI, 30.36%–39.96%). The pre‐PC prevalence of STH was 36.29% (95% CI, 30.37%–42.20%). The post‐PC prevalence of STH decreased at 31.93% (95% CI, 24.25%–39.62%), although the difference between before and after PC was not significant (p = 0.379). Only nine studies investigated the prevalence of SC; based on the random‐effects model, the pooled prevalence was 21.90% (95% CI, 4.88%–38.92%). Owing to the scarcity of studies, we could not perform the funnel tests for publication bias and moderating variables of the pooled prevalence for SC.

Conclusions

The prevalence of LF and STH decreased after PC implementation, although it was not significant. The difference for SC could not be assessed because of limited post‐PC data. The uneven distribution of research and the lack of standardised sampling methods may not fully capture the situation.
A novel method to assess photobiomodulation in stimulating regenerative capacity and vascularization in zebrafish
Authors: Adly Afnan Sedky , Egea Jean‐Christophe , Adly Mahmoud Sedky , Panayotov Ivan , Adly Aya Sedky , Malthiery Eve , Cuisinier Frederic
Published: November 2024

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a continuously growing approach to stimulating healing and reducing inflammation and pain. However, its effects in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are still under investigation. Studying PBM effects on the regenerative capacity of zebrafish can allow the application of novel clinical approaches where the impact of PBM will be cross‐linked with the stem‐cell therapeutic approaches. This study was done to establish an in‐vivo experimental setup for studying the effects of laser and ultraviolet therapy on zebrafish caudal‐fin regeneration and vascularization. Thirty zebrafish were randomly and equally allocated into three groups. The caudal‐fins of all zebrafish were amputated under anaesthesia. In the first control group, the caudal‐fin was only monitored until fully regenerated. In the second group, the amputated‐fin was irradiated with ultraviolet. Finally, in the third group, the amputated‐fin was irradiated with laser. Caudal‐fin regeneration and vascularization were assessed at days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 in all fish. In terms of regeneration, the results indicated that it is possible to discriminate the regenerative effect of laser with the experimental setup as laser therapy showed a statistically significant difference when compared to control‐group. It was also found that regenerative stimulation of the group that received ultraviolet therapy showed significant difference when compared to the control group. In terms of vascularization, there was a statistically significant difference in all groups of the study, which may suggest that laser as well as ultraviolet have limited effects in terms of improving vascularization. This study presented a novel, simple and inexpensive method for the assessment of PBM effects on zebrafish. Laser and ultraviolet therapy appeared to act as regenerative stimulators for caudal‐fin regeneration of zebrafish. However, laser therapy results were, to some extent, better than ultraviolet therapy. This novel in‐vivo design of the experiment led to more rapid and reproducible results than in‐vitro experiments.