bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patriarchal Domination in Ernest Prakasa’s Imperfect – an Adaptation Study
Authors: Hendrayuwana Ariany , Kuntjara Esther Harijanti
Published: September 2022

This study deals with the adaptation of an Indonesian novel entitled Imperfect (2019) by Meira Anastasia into a film with a similar title Imperfect (2019) by Ernest Prakarsa. Although there are differences between the novel and the film adaptation, they have similarities in terms of the main issue of women’s physical insecurities and their struggle for self-acceptance. Considering that aspect, this study aims to argue the persistent existence of patriarchal domination despite the differences in the storyline and characterization. The adaptation also bears similarities that indicate the issue of women's insecurities and struggle for acceptance. In this study, the theory of adaptation and patriarchal beauty standards are used as a tool to analyze the film adaptation. despite the adapters’ aim to raise the issue of women's physical insecurities and criticize the patriarchy’s standard of beauty, the film adaptation even indicates the persistence of patriarchal domination. Keyword: beauty standard, film adaptation, patriarchy, self-acceptance, women insecurities
The Transformation from Fear into Hope in Rise of the Guardians
Authors: Setiawati Kezia Gloria Indah
Published: September 2022

Fear and hope are common topics in children's animation film. Famous children’s fantasy characters usually represent the children who overcome their fear and turn it to hope to help the children overcome their fear. Rise of the Guardians is one of the films that rises these topics. This paper aims to prove that Santa Claus, Tooth Fairy, Easter Bunny, Sandman, and Jack Frost in Rise of the guardians really experienced the fear of being forgotten. Then, the paper will show how the guardians as the representation try to overcome the fear by freezing, avoiding the source of fear, and facing the fear. And after that, how they try to transform that fear into hope by gaining a positive mind and finding a new goal. Symbolism theory combines with fear and hope theories are used to analyse these statements. Keywords: Fear, transformation, hope, symbolism in literature, children’s fantasy characters
Evaluation of Creative Writing Products of Primary School Students According to Some Variables
Authors: KIRMIZI Fatma , ÇAĞ ADIGÜZEL Duygu
Published: September 2022

Yazma becerilerini eğlenceli hale getirerek öğrencilerin kendilerini ifade gücünü artırmalarını sağlamak amacıyla yaratıcı yazma çalışmalarından yararlanılır. Bu araştırmanın amacı 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin yaratıcı yazma ürünlerinin bazı değişkenlere göre değerlendirilmesi ve öğrenciler tarafından oluşturulan öykülerin içeriklerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada karma yönteme başvurulmuştur. Araştırma Denizli merkezde 4. sınıf öğrencileri (n=90) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Okullar “Maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme” yöntemine uygun bir şekilde belirlenmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin elde edilmesinde “yaratıcı yazma konusu” ve Kasap (2019) tarafından geliştirilen “Yaratıcı Yazma Ürünlerini Değerlendirme Ölçeğinden (YARYÜDÖ)” yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin yaratıcı yazmaya yönelik becerileri “cinsiyet, her gün düzenli yazıp yazmama, kitap yazmayı düşünme, her gün yazmak için ayrılan süre, yazma konusunu belirleme yolu değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. En sık tekrar eden kodun “mutluluk” olduğu görülmektedir. En az tekrar edenler ise “özlem ve emeğe saygı” kodlarıdır.
Nursing care management in a neonatal unit: good practices in unique living conditions / Gestão do cuidado de enfermagem em unidade neonatal: Boas práticas em condições singulares de vida
Authors: Bertotti Sonaglio Bianca , Medeiros Sell dos Santos Mariana , Ribeiro Souza Fernanda , Klock Patricia
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: compreender como a equipe de enfermagem de uma terapia intensiva neonatal organiza seu trabalho baseando-se em boas práticas. Método: pesquisa qualitativa utilizando a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados para a interpretação de 18 entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com 9 técnicos de enfermagem e 9 enfermeiros de uma Unidade Neonatal de um Hospital Universitário Público Federal do Sul do Brasil. Resultado: foi possível inferir que o cuidado ao neonato em unidade neonatal é complexo, singular e dinâmico, exigindo constante especialização, sistematização e humanização. Conclusão: a gestão do cuidado ao neonato baseada em boas práticas garante uma melhor assistência de enfermagem e a segurança e satisfação do paciente, equipe e demais atores envolvidos.
Development and External Validation of a Mortality Prediction Model for Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dementia
Authors: Deardorff W. James , Barnes Deborah E. , Jeon Sun Y. , Boscardin W. John , Langa Kenneth M. , Covinsky Kenneth E. , Mitchell Susan L. , Whitlock Elizabeth L. , Smith Alexander K. , Lee Sei J.
Published: September 2022

Importance

Estimating mortality risk in older adults with dementia is important for guiding decisions such as cancer screening, treatment of new and chronic medical conditions, and advance care planning.

Objective

To develop and externally validate a mortality prediction model in community-dwelling older adults with dementia.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study included community-dwelling participants (aged ≥65 years) in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) from 1998 to 2016 (derivation cohort) and National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) from 2011 to 2019 (validation cohort).

Exposures

Candidate predictors included demographics, behavioral/health factors, functional measures (eg, activities of daily living [ADL] and instrumental activities of daily living [IADL]), and chronic conditions.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was time to all-cause death. We used Cox proportional hazards regression with backward selection and multiple imputation for model development. Model performance was assessed by discrimination (integrated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [iAUC]) and calibration (plots of predicted and observed mortality).

Results

Of 4267 participants with probable dementia in HRS, the mean (SD) age was 82.2 (7.6) years, 2930 (survey-weighted 69.4%) were female, and 785 (survey-weighted 12.1%) identified as Black. Median (IQR) follow-up time was 3.9 (2.0-6.8) years, and 3466 (81.2%) participants died by end of follow-up. The final model included age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, ADL dependency count, IADL difficulty count, difficulty walking several blocks, participation in vigorous physical activity, and chronic conditions (cancer, heart disease, diabetes, lung disease). The optimism-corrected iAUC after bootstrap internal validation was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.75-0.76) with time-specific AUC of 0.73 (95% CI, 0.70-0.75) at 1 year, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.73-0.77) at 5 years, and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.82-0.85) at 10 years. On external validation in NHATS (n = 2404), AUC was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.70-0.76) at 1 year and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.71-0.76) at 5 years. Calibration plots suggested good calibration across the range of predicted risk from 1 to 10 years.

Conclusions and Relevance

We developed and externally validated a mortality prediction model in community-dwelling older adults with dementia that showed good discrimination and calibration. The mortality risk estimates may help guide discussions regarding treatment decisions and advance care planning.
Top Surgery and Chest Dysphoria Among Transmasculine and Nonbinary Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Ascha Mona , Sasson Daniel C. , Sood Rachita , Cornelius Jeremy W. , Schauer Jacob M. , Runge Adariane , Muldoon Abigail L. , Gangopadhyay Noopur , Simons Lisa , Chen Diane , Corcoran Julia F. , Jordan Sumanas W.
Published: September 2022

Importance

Transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) adolescents and young adults (AYA) designated female at birth (DFAB) experience chest dysphoria, which is associated with depression and anxiety. Top surgery may be performed to treat chest dysphoria.

Objective

To determine whether top surgery improves chest dysphoria, gender congruence, and body image in TGNB DFAB AYA.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This is a nonrandomized prospective cohort study of patients who underwent top surgery between December 2019 and April 2021 and a matched control group who did not receive surgery. Patients completed outcomes measures preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. This study took place across 3 institutions in a single, large metropolitan city. Patients aged 13 to 24 years who presented for gender-affirming top surgery were recruited into the treatment arm. Patients in the treatment arm were matched with individuals in the control arm based on age and duration of testosterone therapy.

Exposures

Patients in the surgical cohort underwent gender-affirming mastectomy; surgical technique was at the discretion of the surgeon.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Patient-reported outcomes were collected at enrollment and 3 months postoperatively or 3 months postbaseline for the control cohort. The primary outcome was the Chest Dysphoria Measure (CDM). Secondary outcomes included the Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS) and Body Image Scale (BIS). Baseline demographic and surgical variables were collected, and descriptive statistics were calculated. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to estimate the association of top surgery with outcomes. Probability of treatment was estimated using gradient-boosted machines with the following covariates: baseline outcome score, age, gender identity, race, ethnicity, insurance type, body mass index, testosterone use duration, chest binding, and parental support.

Results

Overall, 81 patients were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 18.6 [2.7] years); 11 were lost to follow-up. Thirty-six surgical patients and 34 matched control patients completed the outcomes measures. Weighted absolute standardized mean differences were acceptable between groups with respect to body mass index, but were not comparable with respect to the remaining demographic variables baseline outcome measures. Surgical complications were minimal. IPTW analyses suggest an association between surgery and substantial improvements in CDM (–25.58 points; 95% CI, –29.18 to –21.98), TCS (7.78 points; 95% CI, 6.06-9.50), and BIS (–7.20 points; 95% CI, –11.68 to –2.72) scores.

Conclusions and Relevance

Top surgery in TGNB DFAB AYA is associated with low complication rates. Top surgery is associated with improved chest dysphoria, gender congruence, and body image satisfaction in this age group.
Detection of Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Human Breast Milk
Authors: Hanna Nazeeh , Heffes-Doon Ari , Lin Xinhua , Manzano De Mejia Claudia , Botros Bishoy , Gurzenda Ellen , Nayak Amrita
Published: September 2022

This cohort study investigates the presence of COVID-19 vaccine mRNA in the expressed breast milk of lactating individuals who received the vaccination within 6 months after delivery.
Robust decentralized iterative learning control for large‐scale interconnected systems described by 2‐D Fornasini–Marchesini systems with iteration‐dependent uncertainties including boundary states, disturbances, and reference trajectory
Authors: Wan Kai
Published: September 2022

This article first investigates robust iterative learning control (ILC) problem of a class of large‐scale interconnected systems, which consist of many subsystems described by two‐dimensional linear discrete first Fornasini–Marchesini systems with iteration‐dependent uncertainties arising from not only boundary states, disturbances, but also reference trajectory. A decentralized P‐type ILC law without any information exchanges with other subsystems is proposed such that the ultimate ILC tracking error of each subsystem can converge to a bounded range, the bound of which depends continuously on the bounds of all iteration‐dependent uncertainties considered. Especially, if these iteration‐dependent uncertainties are convergent progressively along the iteration direction, perfect ILC tracking on 2‐D reference trajectory can be obtained. Additionally, a modified ILC law with compensation technique is used to a class of large‐scale interconnected systems composed of many subsystems represented by two‐dimensional linear discrete second Fornasini–Marchesini systems. Two simulation examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and validity of the obtained ILC results. Finally, some comparative discussions are given.
Aquatic Skin Enabled by Multi‐Modality Iontronic Sensing
Authors: Cheng Yu , Guo Chenhui , Li Sen , Deng Ka , Tang Jie , Luo Qian , Zhang Shiwu , Chang Yu , Pan Tingrui
Published: September 2022

Perception of information is of critical importance for aquatic activities; however, the complex underwater situation faces unique technical challenges to address. Thus, an underwater environment‐incorporated sensing strategy, referred to as aquatic skin, has been introduced with multi‐modality sensing capacities of contact pressure, tactile mapping, depth, temperature, and salinity in a flexible architecture. Remarkably, this has been all achieved by a multi‐modality iontronic sensing principle in an all‐in‐one structural configuration, simplifying the sensor design, material preparation, device fabrication, and signal processing. Particularly, an inverse iontronic sensing mechanism, utilizing complementary elastomeric‐electrode and environmental‐electrode interfaces, is developed for contact pressure detection with exceptional resolution and hydraulic balance. Moreover, a hydrophobic ionic gel with adjustable surface morphologies has been developed as the functional sensing layer for all the units with long‐term stability. Consequently, the aquatic skin can achieve sub‐Pascal resolution of contact pressure detection (0.59 Pa), and sub‐millimeter spatial resolution of tactile mapping (522 pts cm−2) over an extended range of depths (0–40 m), while the environmental influences can be spontaneously eliminated through a self‐compensation process. The aquatic skin is applied toward several representative underwater scenes, including real‐time monitoring of vital/environmental signals, tactile recognition of creatures, and biomechanical analysis of fish swimming.
High‐Performance and Stable Plasmonic‐Functionalized Formamidinium‐Based Quasi‐2D Perovskite Photodetector for Potential Application in Optical Communication
Authors: Wang Tao , Zheng Daming , Zhang Jike , Qiao Jie , Min Changjun , Yuan Xiaocong , Somekh Michael , Feng Fu
Published: September 2022

Photodetectors play an important role in optical communication systems and are essential to achieve high‐fidelity signal transmission. The emerging formamidinium‐based quasi‐2D layered perovskites have attracted attention in the field due to their excellent photoelectric performance and moisture stability. By optimizing film quality and device engineering a high‐performance flexible photodetector based on formamidinium‐based perovskites ((BA)2FAPb2I7) is developed, which shows fast response and excellent air‐stability. By introducing the formamidinium chloride as an additive the quality and the crystallinity of the film are improved. In addition, localized surface plasmonic resonances (LSPRs) are introduced by embedding Au nanostructures on the substrate, the LSPRs, in turn, enhance light and matter interaction, which further increases the performance of the device. The optimized devices show an ultimate response speed ≈9 µs as well as outstanding long‐term environmental stability (environmental conditions > 1000 h). Achieving such high dynamic range and stability is to the best of authors knowledge rarely reported. The device shows the highest responsivity of 2.3 A W−1, detectivity of 3.2 × 1012 Jones, and outstanding flexibility stability. Finally, the prepared photodetector is successfully integrated into an optical communication system and tested. The results suggest that formamidinium‐based quasi‐2D perovskite photodetectors have great potential in optical communication applications.
A Noble AuPtAg‐GOx Nanozyme for Synergistic Tumor Immunotherapy Induced by Starvation Therapy‐Augmented Mild Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Wang Man , Chang Mengyu , Zheng Pan , Sun Qianqian , Wang Guangqiang , Lin Jun , Li Chunxia
Published: September 2022

Notwithstanding immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) therapy has made eminent clinical breakthroughs, overcoming immunologically “cold” tumors remains challenging. Here, a cascade potentiated nanomodulator AuPtAg‐GOx is engineered for boosting immune responsiveness. Upon 1064 nm laser irradiation, AuPtAg‐mediated mild photothermal therapy (PTT) activates cytotoxic T lymphocytes and reverses the immunogenic “cold” tumor microenvironment. Further, to amplify the thermal sensitivity of tumor cells, glucose oxidase (GOx) is introduced to suppress the production of heat shock proteins, thereby promoting mild photothermal therapy. Complementarily, AuPtAg nanozymes with catalase‐like activity can ameliorate tumor hypoxia, significantly improving the GOx activity. As a result, the combination of AuPtAg‐GOx with self‐augmented photothermal ability and PD‐L1 antibody can further escalate the antitumor efficacy. The AuPtAg‐GOx‐based synergistic starvation therapy, mild PTT, and immunotherapy cascade enhancement therapy strategy can be a favorable tool to effectively kill cancer cells.
Fibril‐Type Textile Electrodes Enabling Extremely High Areal Capacity through Pseudocapacitive Electroplating onto Chalcogenide Nanoparticle‐Encapsulated Fibrils
Authors: Chang Woojae , Nam Donghyeon , Lee Seokmin , Ko Younji , Kwon Cheong Hoon , Ko Yongmin , Cho Jinhan
Published: September 2022

Effective incorporation of conductive and energy storage materials into 3D porous textiles plays a pivotal role in developing and designing high‐performance energy storage devices. Here, a fibril‐type textile pseudocapacitor electrode with outstanding capacity, good rate capability, and excellent mechanical stability through controlled interfacial interaction‐induced electroplating is reported. First, tetraoctylammonium bromide‐stabilized copper sulfide nanoparticles (TOABr‐CuS NPs) are uniformly assembled onto cotton textiles. This approach converts insulating textiles to conductive textiles preserving their intrinsically porous structure with an extremely large surface area. For the preparation of textile current collector with bulk metal‐like electrical conductivity, Ni is additionally electroplated onto the CuS NP‐assembled textiles (i.e., Ni‐EPT). Furthermore, a pseudocapacitive NiCo‐layered double hydroxide (LDH) layer is subsequently electroplated onto Ni‐EPT for the cathode. The formed NiCo‐LDH electroplated textiles (i.e., NiCo‐EPT) exhibit a high areal capacitance of 12.2 F cm−2 (at 10 mA cm−2), good rate performance, and excellent cycling stability. Particularly, the areal capacity of NiCo‐EPT can be further increased through their subsequent stacking. The 3‐stack NiCo‐EPT delivers an unprecedentedly high areal capacitance of 28.8 F cm−2 (at 30 mA cm−2), which outperforms those of textile‐based pseudocapacitor electrodes reported to date.
LCK‐Mediated RIPK3 Activation Controls Double‐Positive Thymocyte Proliferation and Restrains Thymic Lymphoma by Regulating the PP2A‐ERK Axis
Authors: Hwang Sung‐Min , Ha Yu‐Jin , Koo Gi‐Bang , Noh Hyun‐Jin , Lee A‐Yeon , Kim Byeong‐Ju , Hong Sun Mi , Morgan Michael J. , Eyun Seong‐il , Lee Dakeun , Roe Jae‐Seok , Lee Youngsoo , Kim You‐Sun
Published: September 2022

Receptor‐interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is the primary regulator of necroptotic cell death. RIPK3 expression is often silenced in various cancer cells, which suggests that it may have tumor suppressor properties. However, the exact mechanism by which RIPK3 negatively regulates cancer development and progression remains unclear. This report indicates that RIPK3 acts as a potent regulator of the homeostatic proliferation of CD4+CD8+ double‐positive (DP) thymocytes. Abnormal proliferation of RIPK3‐deficient DP thymocytes occurs independently of the well‐known role for RIPK3 in necroptosis (upstream of MLKL activation), and is associated with an incidental thymic mass, likely thymic hyperplasia. In addition, Ripk3‐null mice develop increased thymic tumor formation accompanied by reduced host survival in the context of an N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea (ENU)‐induced tumor model. Moreover, RIPK3 deficiency in p53‐null mice promotes thymic lymphoma development via upregulated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling, which correlates with markedly reduced survival rates. Mechanistically, lymphocyte‐specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) activates RIPK3, which in turn leads to increases in the phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A), thereby suppressing hyper‐activation of ERK in DP thymocytes. Overall, these findings suggest that a RIPK3‐PP2A‐ERK signaling axis regulates DP thymocyte homeostasis and may provide a potential therapeutic target to improve thymic lymphoma therapies.
Impacts of the Lattice Strain on Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Heyong , Chen Zhan , Tian Fuyu , Zheng Guanhaojie , Wang Hongguang , Zhang Tiankai , Qin Jiajun , Gao Xingyu , van Aken Peter A. , Zhang Lijun , Liu Xiao‐Ke , Gao Feng
Published: September 2022

The development of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with both high efficiency and excellent stability remains challenging. Herein, a strong correlation between the lattice strain in perovskite films and the stability of resulting PeLEDs is revealed. Based on high‐efficiency PeLEDs, the device lifetime is optimized by rationally tailoring the lattice strain in perovskite films. A PeLED with a high peak external quantum efficiency of 18.2% and a long lifetime of 151 h (T70, under a current density of 20 mA cm−2) is realized with a minimized lattice strain in the perovskite film. In addition, an increase in the lattice strain is found during the long‐time device stability test, indicating that the degradation of the local perovskite lattice structure could be one of the degradation mechanisms for long‐term stable PeLEDs.
Incorporating genetics services into adult kidney disease care
Authors: Bogyo Kelsie , Vena Natalie , May Halie , Rasouly Hila Milo , Marasa Maddalena , Sanna‐Cherchi Simone , Kiryluk Krzysztof , Nestor Jordan , Gharavi Ali
Published: September 2022

Studies have shown that as many as 1 in 10 adults with chronic kidney disease has a monogenic form of disease. However, genetic services in adult nephrology are limited. An adult Kidney Genetics Clinic was established within the nephrology division at a large urban academic medical center to increase access to genetic services and testing in adults with kidney disease. Between June 2019 and December 2021, a total of 363 patients were referred to the adult Kidney Genetics Clinic. Of those who completed genetic testing, a positive diagnostic finding was identified in 27.1%, a candidate diagnostic finding was identified in 6.7% of patients, and a nondiagnostic positive finding was identified in an additional 8.6% of patients, resulting in an overall yield of 42.4% for clinically relevant genetic findings in tested patients. A genetic diagnosis had implications for medical management, family member testing, and eligibility for clinical trials. With the utilization of telemedicine, genetic services reached a diverse geographic and patient population. Genetic education efforts were integral to the clinic's success, as they increased visibility and helped providers identify appropriate referrals. Ongoing access to genomic services will remain a fundamental component of patient care in adults with kidney disease.
Highly Chemoselective Transformation of Secondary Propargylic Alcohols with (EtO)2P(O)SH
Authors: Du Sha , Zhou Zhao‐Zhao , Jin Fengyan , Liu Xiaofang , Zhou Lijun , Tian Wan‐Fa , Huang Haiyang , Song Xian‐Rong , Xiao Qiang
Published: September 2022

A practical and environmentally friendly approach is presented for the efficient construction of propargyl organothiophosphates and allenyl organothiophosphates from easily prepared secondary propargylic alcohols andO,O‐diethyl phosphorothioic acid [(EtO)2P(O)SH]. The reaction proceeds smoothly in moderate to excellent yields without additional acid promoters or additives under mild conditions with water as the only by‐product. The divergent products are selectively obtained depending on substrates bearing different substituents on the aromatic ring. Notably, the developed reaction system can be scaled up to gram quantities.
Hierarchical Assembly of a Micro‐ and Macroporous Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework with Tailored Single‐Crystal Size
Authors: Halliwell Christopher A. , Dann Sandra E. , Ferrando‐Soria Jesus , Plasser Felix , Yendall Keith , Ramos‐Fernandez Enrique V. , Vladisavljević Goran T. , Elsegood Mark R. J. , Fernandez Antonio
Published: September 2022

Porous organic molecular materials represent an emergent field of research in Chemistry and Materials Science due to their unique combination of properties. To enhance their performance and expand the number of applications, the incorporation of hierarchical porosity is required, as exclusive microporosity entails several limitations. However, the integration of macropores in porous organic molecular materials is still an outstanding challenge. Herein, we report the first example of a hydrogen‐bonded organic framework (MM‐TPY) with hierarchical skeletal morphology, containing stable micro‐ and macroporosity. The crystal size, from micro to centimetre scale, can be controlled in a single step without using additives or templates. The mechanism of assembly during the crystal formation is compatible with a skeletal crystal growth. As proof of concept, we employed the hierarchical porosity as a platform for the dual, sequential and selective co‐recognition of molecular species and microparticles.
The role of community involvement in sustainable tourism strategies: A social and environmental innovation perspective
Authors: Sharma Vivek , Bhat Dada Ab Rouf
Published: September 2022

Social innovation and environmental innovation is a fast‐growing phenomenon. More and more businesses are trying to understand how social and environmental innovation can help their business model. The purpose of this paper is to examine the contribution of community involvement toward social and environmental innovation to achieve sustainable tourism development. Perceptions of 650 local community members of different tourist destinations of Jammu and Kashmir have been used to meet the objectives of the study. The structural equation modelling (SEM) technique has been used for determining the structural estimates between constructs with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) and Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) software. Hypothesis testing revealed a positive impact of community involvement on social and environmental innovation. The results also depicted a positive impact of social and environmental innovation on sustainable tourism development.
Identification of nine mutant genes and establishment of three prediction models of organ tropism metastases of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Shuchen , Huang Wanyi , Liu Zhenzhen , Jin Meizi , Li Jielin , Meng Lihui , Li Ting , Diao Yuzhu , Gao Hong , Hong Chengyu , Zheng Jian , Li Fei , Zhang Yue , Bi Dan , Teng Lin , Li Xiaoling
Published: September 2022

Background

Most Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients tend to have metastases at the initial diagnosis. However, limited knowledge has been established regarding which factors, are associated with its metastases. This study aims to identify more biomarkers associated with its organ tropism metastasis and to establish models for prediction of its metastatic organs.

Methods

We performed targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) to detect genes related to lung cancer in 272 patients with primary advanced NSCLC from Northeast China. We adopted Fisher test, multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify metastasis‐related gene mutations and to establish prediction models.

Results

Mutations of EGFR (p = 0.0003, OR = 2.554) (especially EGFR L858R [p = 0.02, OR = 2.009]), ATM (p = 0.008, OR = 11.032), and JAK2 (p = 0.009, OR = Inf) were positively and of TP53 exon4mut (p = 0.001, OR = 0.173) was negatively correlated with lung metastasis, and those of CSF1R (p = 0.01, OR = Inf), KIT (p = 0.03, OR = 4.746), MYC (p = 0.05, OR = 7.938), and ERBB2 (p = 0.02, OR = 2.666) were positively correlated with pleural dissemination; those of TP53 (p = 0.01, OR = 0.417) was negatively, while of SMAD4 (p = 0.03, OR = 4.957) was positively correlated with brain metastasis of NSCLC. Additionally, smoking history (p = 0.004, OR = 0.004) was negatively correlated with pleural dissemination of NSCLC. Furthermore, models for prediction of lung metastasis (AUC = 0.706), pleural dissemination (AUC = 0.651), and brane metastasis (AUC = 0.629) were established.

Conclusion

Taken together, this study revealed nine mutant genes and smoking history associated with organ tropism metastases of NSCLC and provided three models for the prediction of metastatic organs. This study enables us to predict the organs to which non‐small cell lung cancer metastasizes before it does develop.
Study of SOX combined with intraperitoneal high‐dose paclitaxel in gastric cancer with synchronous peritoneal metastasis: A phase II single‐arm clinical trial
Authors: Tu Li , Zhang Weihan , Ni Lu , Xu Zihan , Yang Kun , Gou Hongfeng , Zhu Qing , Liu Ming , Yang Yu , Hu Jiankun , Qiu Meng
Published: September 2022

Background

Intraperitoneal paclitaxel is proved to be efficient for peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. It remains uncertain the efficacy and safety of the triplets regimen which combined intraperitoneal high‐dose paclitaxel with systemic SOX in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal administration of high‐dose paclitaxel, intravenous oxaliplatin and S‐1 in patients with peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer.

Methods

This single‐center, prospective, single‐arm phase II study was conducted between January 2017 and May 2019 in West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Patients diagnosed with primary gastric cancer by histopathology and confirmed synchronous peritoneal metastasis were enrolled. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal administration of high‐dose paclitaxel (80 mg/m2, d1), intravenous oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2, d1), and S‐1 (80 mg/m2, d1‐14) of patients. The primary endpoint was 1‐year overall survival rate, and the second endpoints were progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and adverse events.

Results

In this single‐arm phase II clinical trial, 49 patients received SOX combined intraperitoneal high‐dose paclitaxel treatment. One‐year survival rate was 81.6% (95% CI, 68.6–90.0%). Median PFS and OS were 6.50 months (95% CI, 2.89–10.11) and 16.9 months (95% CI, 13.58 to 20.22), respectively; ORR was 55.3% (95% CI, 41.3–68.6) and DCR was 76.6% (95% CI, 62.8–86.4). Thirteen patients underwent second laparoscopic detection, but only nine ultimately underwent radical gastrectomy. Subgroup analysis showed that sPCI ≤12 was a good index for a favorable prognosis. The most frequent grade 3/4 toxicities were neutropenia (40.8%), anemia (22.4%), leukopenia (18.4%), nausea (14.3%), and vomiting (12.2%). None of the patients had any intraperitoneal catheter‐related complications.

Conclusions

Intraperitoneal high‐dose paclitaxel with systemic SOX is an effective and tolerable first‐line treatment for patients with peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer and patients with sPCI≤12 scores might be recommended crowd for this regimen as conversion therapy.
Group‐based processes as a framework for understanding the working alliance in therapy
Authors: Lee Georgina C. , Platow Michael J. , Cruwys Tegan
Published: September 2022

Objective

The working alliance construct faces persistent issues with conceptualisation. We present a social identity analysis of working alliance. Here, we examine the links between alliance, the focal shared sense of “us” in social identification and identity leadership scholarship, and research on the role of “voice” (i.e., being provided with the opportunity to state one's own perspective to others) in enabling procedural justice. We hypothesised that working alliance would be predicted by group processes (i.e., social identification, identity leadership and procedural justice) and serve as an important mediator through which these processes enable desired therapeutic and organisational outcomes.

Method

An online experiment sampled participants recently in therapy for a diagnosed mental disorder and recently employed. Participants were randomly assigned to recall either a therapy session or work meeting in which they had received or not received voice.

Results

Social identification, identity leadership and procedural justice were found to account for approximately 70% of variance in working alliance. Working alliance, in turn, predicted positive affect, negative affect and satisfaction, in addition to mediating the relationship between group‐based processes and these outcomes.

Conclusion

These novel findings suggest that group‐based processes are useful for conceptualising the working alliance in therapy, by both enhancing theory and providing practical clinical strategies for facilitating alliance.
Toxic Effects of Xenobiotic Compounds on the Microbial Community of Activated Sludge
Authors: Jagaba Ahmad Hussaini , Kutty Shamsul Rahman Mohamed , Isa Mohamed Hasnain , Ghaleb Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed , Lawal Ibrahim Mohammed , Usman Abdullahi Kilaco , Birniwa Abdullahi Haruna , Noor Azmatullah , Abubakar Sule , Umaru Ibrahim , Saeed Anwar Ameen Hezam , Afolabi Haruna Kolawole , Soja Usman Bala
Published: September 2022

The presence of xenobiotic compounds in biological wastewater treatment processes with activated sludge may reduce microbial communities, disrupt microbial diversity, and diminish system performance. Shock loads and unusual operating events in these biological systems have negative impacts on their efficiency and reliability for pollutant degradation, thereby posing high risk to microorganisms and water quality of receiving treated water bodies. The severity and characteristics of the occurring damage are determined by the toxic contaminant's degree, nature and mode of application. This review highlights the effects of metabolic uncouplers, heavy metals, carbon nanotubes, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, nanoparticles, and phenolic compounds stress on microbial biomass in activated sludge systems. The synergistic, antagonistic, and shock load toxic effects of hybrid substances exposure in an activated sludge sequential batch reactor (SBR) system on organic and nutrient removal, system efficiency, and toxicants biodegradation are discussed. The findings can be used to provide a theoretical foundation and professional assistance for optimizing the shock impacts of these toxic substances on biological wastewater treatment systems, which will help to reduce their negative effects on treatment system efficiency.
On the Role of Interfacial Water Dynamics for Electrochemical Stability of RuO2 and IrO2
Authors: Evazzade Iman , Zagalskaya Alexandra , Alexandrov Vitaly
Published: September 2022

Based on the coincident onsets of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and metal dissolution for many metal‐oxide catalysts it was suggested that OER triggers dissolution. It is believed that both processes share common intermediates, yet exact mechanistic details remain largely unknown. For example, there is still no clear understanding as to why rutile IrO2 exhibits such an exquisite stability among water‐splitting electrocatalysts. Here, we employ density functional theory calculations to analyze interactions between water and the (110) surface of rutile RuO2 and IrO2 as a response to oxygen evolution involving lattice oxygen species. We observe that these oxides display qualitatively different interfacial behavior that should have important implications for their electrochemical stability. Specifically, it is found that IrO2(110) becomes further stabilized under OER conditions due to the tendency to form highly stable low oxidation state Ir(III) species. In contrast, Ru species at RuO2(110) are prone to facile reoxidation by solution water. This should facilitate the formation of high Ru oxidation state intermediates (>IV) accelerating surface restructuring and metal dissolution.
Protection of a Gold Catalyst by a Supramolecular Cage Improves Bioorthogonality
Authors: James Catriona C. , Wu Dinghao , Bobylev Eduard O. , Kros Alexander , de Bruin Bas , Reek Joost N. H.
Published: September 2022

Gold catalysts exhibit poor compatibility with cellular components. We show that encapsulation of a gold catalyst within the cavity of a supramolecular cage improves the reactivity of the gold complex under biological conditions. The gold complex catalyzes an intramolecular hydroarylation to produce a fluorescent dye. The encapsulated gold is able to produce this dye in higher yields compared to the free gold under aqueous aerobic conditions and in the presence of biological additives. The substrate was found to be highly cytotoxic, meaning that a very low substrate concentration of 1 μM is required to carry its transformation inside living cells; however, catalysis in cell culture media carried out at micromolar range is found to be inhibited. Although this specific reaction cannot be applied inside living cells, we present a viable strategy to improve the reactivity of gold catalysts in vivo.
Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Photocatalyst for the Hydrophosphorylation and Hydrophosphorylative Cyclization Reactions of Terminal Alkyne and Its Derived Enynes
Authors: Hou Hong , Wang Jiawei , Chen Xiaoyun , Han Ying , Yu Huaguang , Yan Chaoguo , Shi Yaocheng , Zhu Shaoqun
Published: September 2022

Visible‐light mediated hydrophosphorylation and hydrophosphorylative cyclization reactions using heterogeneous graphitic carbon nitride as the photocatalyst were described. The phosphorus atom radical was generated and allows the radical addition and addition/cyclization sequence, efficiently resulting in the final phosphorylated alkenes and cycles formation. Recyclable, nontoxic and low‐cost heterogeneous graphitic carbon nitride as visible light photocatalyst provides a new opportunity for the hydrophosphorylation and hydrophosphorylative cyclization reactions under the present redox‐neutral conditions.
Tribological Design by Molecular Dynamics Simulation: Influence of the Molecular Structure on Wall Slip and Bulk Shear
Authors: Mehrnia Seyedmajid , Pelz Peter F.
Published: September 2022

The tribological properties of a complex branched‐hydrocarbon oil under shear in a gap between smooth iron atom surfaces were studied by large‐scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The liquid was a nonpolar lubricant, i.e. a polyalphaolefin (PAO) oil mixture of 1‐decane dimer, trimer, and tetramer molecules. The rheological characteristics of the lubricant, including the shear stress and viscosity as well as the relaxation time of the liquid molecule, were calculated. The results show that, as the number of branches of the liquid molecule increases, the shear stresses and the wall slip increase. However, for a mixture fluid containing three different branched molecules, the wall slip decreases in comparison to a liquid consisting of only one kind of branched molecule.
Tuning the electronic structure of a metal–organic framework for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction by introducing minor atomically dispersed ruthenium
Authors: Li Yuwen , Wu Yuhang , Li Tongtong , Lu Mengting , Chen Yi , Cui Yuanjing , Gao Junkuo , Qian Guodong
Published: September 2022

The establishment of efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysts is of great value but also challenging. Herein, a durable metal–organic framework (MOF) with minor atomically dispersed ruthenium and an optimized electronic structure is constructed as an efficient electrocatalyst. Significantly, the obtained NiRu0.08‐MOF with doping Ru only needs an overpotential of 187 mV at 10 mA cm−2 with a Tafel slop of 40 mV dec−1 in 0.1 M KOH for the oxygen evolution reaction, and can work continuously for more than 300 h. Ultrahigh Ru mass activity is achieved, reaching 56.7 A g−1Ru at an overpotential of 200 mV, which is 36 times higher than that of commercial RuO2. X‐ray adsorption spectroscopy and density function theory calculations reveal that atomically dispersed ruthenium on metal sites in MOFs is expected to optimize the electronic structure of nickel sites, thus improving the conductivity of the catalyst and optimizing the adsorption energy of intermediates, resulting in significant optimization of electrocatalytic performance. This study could provide a new avenue for the design of efficient and stable MOF electrocatalysts.
Multifunctional Organocatalysts ‐ Singly‐Linked and Macrocyclic Bisphosphoric Acids for Asymmetric Phase‐Transfer and Brønsted‐Acid Catalysis
Authors: Thiele Maike , Rose Thomas , Lõkov Märt , Stadtfeld Sophia , Tshepelevitsh Sofja , Parman Elisabeth , Opara Karina , Wölper Christoph , Leito Ivo , Grimme Stefan , Niemeyer Jochen
Published: September 2022

The linking of phosphoric acids via covalent or mechanical bonds has proven to be a successful strategy for the design of novel organocatalysts. Here, we present the first systematic investigation of singly‐linked and macrocyclic bisphosphoric acids, including their synthesis and their application in phase‐transfer and Brønsted acid catalysis. We found that the novel bisphosphoric acids show dramatically increased enantioselectivities in comparison to their monophosphoric acid analogues. However, the nature, length and number of linkers has a profound influence on the enantioselectivities. In the asymmetric dearomative fluorination via phase‐transfer catalysis, bisphosphoric acids with a single, rigid bisalkyne‐linker give the best results with moderate to good enantiomeric excesses. In contrast, bisphosphoric acids with flexible linkers give excellent enantioselectivities in the transfer‐hydrogenation of quinolines via cooperative Brønsted acid catalysis. In the latter case, sufficiently long linkers are needed for high stereoselectivities, as found experimentally and supported by DFT calculations.
Amyloid‐inspired Peptide Self‐assembly/Disassembly as Intervened by Gold Nanoparticles and Polydopamine Coating to Dictate Spatiotemporal Organization
Authors: Mavlankar Nimisha A. , K. Awasthi Anand , Ralhan Jahanvi , Pal Asish
Published: September 2022

Spatiotemporal control for supramolecular polymerization has rendered a paradigm shift towards designing complex multi‐component supramolecular materials and derived nanocomposites. In this paper, we demonstrate self‐assembly/disassembly of amyloid‐inspired peptide nanostructures from Fmoc‐VFFAKK, 1 using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/cysteine mediated coupled equilibrium. We report the use of AuNPs to disaggregate the β‐sheets of the peptide nanofibers 1NF and twisted bundles 1TB to furnish dormant metastable nanoparticles. Upon cysteine mediated sequestration of the AuNPs the peptide fibers are regenerated. Such self‐assembly/disassembly of the fibers shows implication in tuning the mechanical strength of the resulting hydrogels. Further, a conformal coating of polydopamine (PDA) over the peptide fibers using the lysine amines furnishes rather robust fibers and orthogonally safeguard itself from AuNPs mediated disassembly of the fibers. Finally, such active coating with PDA having amine/quinone moieties allows selective attachment of AuNPs to furnish 1‐D organization of AuNPs over the coated peptide fibers.
Glycerol Valorization Towards Glycolic Acid Production Over Cu‐Based Biochar Catalyst
Authors: Liao Shengqi , Tian Qing , Xiao Yuan , Qin Diyan , Li Jianmei , Hu Changwei
Published: September 2022

Glycerol valorization towards high‐value chemicals is of particular importance to increase the value chain of biodiesel production. In this study, the catalytic activity of a series of cheap Cu‐based catalysts for glycerol conversion is investigated. Cu supported on activated carbon (AC, obtained through carbonization of coconut shell) exhibits outstanding catalytic activity for the selective conversion of glycerol into glycolic acid (GcA) in O2 atmosphere, affording up to 68.3 % GcA yield. The combination of experimental results with theoretical calculations reveals that glyceraldehyde is the key reaction intermediate. The high specific surface area and surface oxygenated groups of AC enable the formation of CuO nanoparticles with small size and uniform dispersion. In addition, the surface oxygen vacancy on Cu/AC might help to activate reaction intermediates, and the electron transfer from Cu to AC facilitates the oxidation of glycerol to GcA. Cu loaded onto AC also significantly inhibits C−C breakage to generate formic acid as a byproduct. This work might aid the development of approaches for glycerol application and afford profitable possibilities for sustainable biodiesel.
A method to test antibody cross‐reactivity toward animal antigens for flow cytometry
Authors: Riondato Fulvio , Colitti Barbara , Rosati Sergio , Sini Federica , Martini Valeria
Published: September 2022

The availability of cross‐reacting antibodies and/or of antibodies working in flow cytometry is a major issue in the veterinary field. One of the main problems is the availability of certain positive controls. With this brief communication, we report an method to quickly screen a wide number of products without the need to look for positive biological samples. We propose this approach as a first step to select the best antibodies to test on biological specimens.
MIMO spread spectrum GFDM communication systems with index modulation
Authors: Jeng Li‐Der , Ueng Fang‐Biau , Wang Xi‐Lin
Published: September 2022

In the fourth‐generation communication system (4G), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is widely used. However, due to the cyclic prefix (CP) being added, the low spectrum efficiency and high out‐of‐band radiation (OOB) cause OFDM not to be suitable for the beyond fifth‐generation (B5G) communication system. Therefore, to meet the rigorous demands in B5G for the Internet of Things (IoT) and massive machine‐type communications (MMTC), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) technology has received significant attention. On the other hand, index modulation (IM) can provide flexible settings of different parameters to achieve the ideal system goals. Therefore, this paper considers the combination of spread spectrum (SS) and IM under the framework of GFDM, called SS‐IM‐GFDM. In this scheme, the information bits are jointly conveyed by the indices of spreading codes and the conventional M‐ary modulated symbols, which increase the spectrum efficiency and improve the bit error rate performance. Furthermore, a low‐complexity maximum likelihood (ML) detector is proposed to recover the transmitted signal effectively at the receiver. Finally, the space‐time block code (STBC) is employed to construct the multi‐input multi‐output SS‐GFDM‐IM (MIMO SS‐GFDM‐IM) system to improve the system's reliability. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is superior to the existing systems.