bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESIGN AS A FACTOR THAT PROVIDES THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE PRODUCT IN THE MODERN ECONOMY
Authors: Mamedova Lala , Gasimova Elfana , Salehzadeh Gulchohra
Published: April 2021

Design is a creative activity that determines both the appearance and the structural and functional features of industrial products. Design is becoming increasingly popular in the modern world. Design is a type of enterpreuneurial practice for the production of products with high consumer, aesthetic, moral and functional requirements, design means the organization of an ergonomic environment for a person, his life. İt is very valuable to explain why the design exists and to give consumers the right concept. İn modern times, the design plays the role of a powerful tool that increases the competitiveness of goods, affects the living standards of the population as an important part of the economic system. The articles examines the importance of design in modern society, its place in the market economy and its role as a factor in ensuring the competitiveness of the product.
FORMS OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS ORGANIZATION IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE BRITISH EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Bartosh Olena
Published: April 2021

The article considers the issues of training of social workers in Great Britain. Particular attention is paid to the forms and methods of group learning and independent work of students. The main idea of approaches is that a student is not a passive listener, but an active participant in the educational process.
COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRINCIPLE OF CONTINUITY AND INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN GENERAL AND PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL EDUCATION AS A CONDITION FOR EFFECTIVE TRAINING OF FUTURE DOCTORS
Authors: Ivanchenko O. , Melnikova O. , Lurie K.
Published: April 2021

The quality and integrity of training of future specialists of any specialty are ensured by the integration of fundamental and professional knowledge. In medical education, it is of vital importance. With the help of questionnaires, surveys of first-year medical students, to determine their subjective attitude to basic school training in physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics after the first semester of study at the university, as well as to analyze the formation of understanding the integration link "school - fundamental university disciplines - clinical disciplines of the university".
АБАЙ ЖӘНЕ ШЫҒЫС МӘДЕНИЕТІНДЕГІ МУЗЫКА ӨНЕРІ
Authors: Таирова Бағила , Рахимова Гүлнара
Published: April 2021

Мақалада қазақ халқының музыка өнерінің бастаулары туралы автор ой жүгіртеді. Шығыс мәдениетіндегі музыканың орны жөніндегі тарихи деректерді негізге ала отырып жазылмаған заңдылықтардың көзі ретіндегі тұжырымды алға тартады. Адамның жан дүниесі мен оның табиғатпен үйлесімділігін қазақ халқы тілсіз түсіне білу үрдісіне ие болғандығы жөнінде Әл-Фараби, Қорқыт, Абай, Құрманғазы шығармашылықтарынан мысалдар келтіре отырып көрсетуге тырысады.
РОЛЬ ЯЗЫКА В ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ
Authors: Нуралиева Сабина
Published: April 2021

В статье исследуется роль языка в политическом дискурсе. Выявляется, что в политике, как и в любых других человеческих делах, язык используется как инструмент взаимодействия или обсуждения в различных ситуациях, традиционно признаваемых политической средой. Именно этот факт заставляет утверждать, что политика и язык встречаются на пороге власти. Язык является промежуточным звеном между внешним миром и человеком, и существование лингвистических исследований в рамках политической науки становится неизбежным.
ENDOMETRIOSIS AND OXIDATIVE-ANTIOXIDATIVE IMBALANCE STATUS. THE ROLE OF FLAVONOIDS, CURCUMIN AND N-ACETYLCYSTEINE
Authors: Ruszała Monika , Dłuski Dominik , Zamojska Aneta , Wańkowicz Agnieszka , Gogacz Marek
Published: April 2021

Endometriosis is a silent, unseen and painful female illness which is characterized by the presence of glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Approximately one in ten women in a reproductive age around the world suffer from endometriosis of whom nearly half is treated due to infertility. The pathogenesis and mechanisms that determines the occurence of the disease are still unknown. Immunological factors have been observed in the initiation and development of endometriosis. An imbalance between reactive oxygen species (molecules having an unpaired electron) and antioxidants leads to the upregulation of metalloproteinases, prostaglandins, cytokines and chemokines.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СУДИННИХ РОСЛИН НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ РЛП «ЗНЕСІННЯ» ЗАНЕСЕНИХ ДО ЧЕВОНОГО СПИСКУ
Authors: Тарас Уляна
Published: April 2021

Спонтанна флора парку представлена 602 видами з 340 родів, 97 родин, 59 порядків, 5 класів та 4 відділів. Пропорція флори (родини : роди : види) парку становить 1 : 3,5 : 6,2. У середньому на одну родину припадає 6,2 видів. Отже, за видовою насиченістю вищих таксономічних одиниць досліджувана флора значно поступається природним флорам регіону. Важливим для даного регіону, є вивчення та зведення систематики саме для видів Червоного списку, оскільки вони є найменш дослідженими та існує загроза їх знищення внаслідок частих пожеж на території.
APPLICATION OF GEORGIAN NATURAL ANALCIME FOR PRODUCTION OF ION EXCHANGERS
Authors: Tsitsishvili Vladimer , Dolaberidze Nanuli , Nijaradze Manana , Mirdzveli Nato , Amiridze Zurab , Sharashenidze Tinatin , Gabunia Vakhtang
Published: April 2021

Analcime is a fairly widespread zeolite in the territory of Georgia and other countries, but its practical application is limited due to the peculiarities of its compact structure with small pores and irregular channels. This work describes a method developed by us for hydrothermal recrystallization of analcime into a widely used ion exchanger of the LTA type in the form of micrometric crystals or nanosized crystals, depending on the synthesis conditions. Silver-, copper-and zinc-containing analcimes and synthetic LTA zeolites with bacteriostatic activity were obtained by ion exchange. It has been shown that the highest bacteriostatic activity is possessed by a silver-containing synthetic zeolite, and analcimes enriched with relatively cheap copper and zinc exhibit activity sufficient for practical use in water treatment, paper production and other applications.
TRENDS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGIES FOR SEMI-FINISHED RESTRUCTURED MEAT PRODUCTS
Authors: Yancheva Marina , Dromenko Olena , Bolshakova Victoria , Onishchenko Vyacheslav , Inzhiyants Artem
Published: April 2021

The authors analyze the main trends in the technology of restructured meat products. The main technical and technological methods of restructured meat production technologies are identified. An innovative idea for a new product – restructured semi-finished meat products, is formulated; the main indicators are defined and characterized. Criteria for the selection of food ingredients and mixtures based on them, which are able to modify adhesive and cohesive properties of meat pieces for obtaining a new product - restructured meat products.
ПРОГРАМНЕ РЕЗЕРВУВАННЯ МІКРОПРОЦЕСОРНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Цирульник Сергій , Бородай Ярослав , Ткачук Василь , Непийвода Максим
Published: April 2021

статті розглядаються питання, що пов’язані зі стійкістю та надійністю програмного забезпечення мікропроцесорних систем. Наводиться аналіз статичного та динамічного резервування програмного забезпечення та рекомендації для безперервного виконання закладеної в мікропроцесорну систему керуючої програми.
REGIONAL POLICY IN MANAGING OIL PALM WASTE AS RENEWABLE ENERGY IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Authors: Ifrani Ifrani , Topan Muhammad , Safitri Nurmaya , Erniyati Tiya
Published: April 2021

Besides producing CPO and KPO, oil palm also produces a lot of waste. Oil palm waste can be managed and utilized. This study aims to determine how oil palm waste is managed, the authority of local governments to regulate oil palm waste management in South Kalimantan Province. Third, what is the concept of future local government policies in utilizing oil palm waste as a new and renewable energy development in South Kalimantan? The research method used is normative juridical research, the research that is focused on examining the application of the rules or norms in positive law, analyzing in-depth and holistically, from all aspects comprehensively, sourced from library research using legal materials, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials, to answer regulatory issues in the legislation regarding the Policy on the Use of Oil palm Waste as New and Renewable Energy in South Kalimantan Province. The result shows that Indonesia has been able to create renewable energy from the oil palm industry. However, the government needs to regulate the use of oil palm shell waste through local regulations and policies. With the participation of policymakers, and focus for development. It can creates jobs, increase and develop disadvantaged areas and in the end will reduce the level of poverty.
Fall or Rise? Mapping the Development of Traditional and Digital Newspapers
Authors: Muhammad Ramzan Pahore  , Sumera Memon  , Qaiser Khan
Published: April 2021

Daily newspapers in the world are shrinking in many dimensions. All big or small newspapers are getting smaller in size, business and news circulation. The speed at which newspapers are shutting down is not much different from the early 20th century. Thus, most newspapers are shifting from conventional setting to online/ digital newspapers only. Since the last two decades, the business of newspaper has declined as many newspapers have migrated business and appearance online to retain print readers via online only consumers and attract new ones who are just netters in the world. This change has been noticed in all countries. Pakistan is also one among those countries in which new technology is being adopted in the field of media. Due to information communication technologies, most of the Pakistani print, electronic media organization has switched to online to keep pace with the developed world. Hence, most of the conventional/traditional newspapers become digital newspapers along with print publications. Therefore, this paper discusses the history and development of online newspapers. Digital media has the power to attract many young news consumers because of its convenience, ease of excess, update 24/7 and availability at any time. These features are the prime source of newspaper decline and a major source of digital media growth.
Diogo Seixas Lopes: sinal vital
Authors: Nobre Ana Luiza
Published: April 2021

Pouco se sabe no Brasil acerca da arquitetura portuguesa contemporânea para além das obras consagradas de Álvaro Siza e Eduardo Souto de Moura e de um punhado de outros bons arquitetos – quase todos homens – sediados entre as cidades de Lisboa e Porto. Em parte, tal desconhecimento se deve a uma concertada operação política-cultural cuja expressão mais evidente, nos últimos tempos, foram as retrospectivas simultâneas, em 2019-20, dos dois Pritzkers, parceiros e amigos em duas das instituições mais influentes de Portugal em termos de arquitetura, ambas sediadas na região do Porto (Siza na Fundação Serralves, Souto de Moura na Casa da Arquitectura). Há mais no panorama contemporâneo português, porém, como mostra o livro recém-lançado pela Dafne Editora: uma frondosa monografia do arquiteto português Diogo Seixas Lopes (1972-2016), editada por seu amigo e interlocutor André Tavares (TAVARES, André e SEIXAS LOPES, Diogo. Arquivo Diogo Seixas Lopes, Porto: Dafne Editora, 2019).
Belowground processes in Terrestrial Biosphere Models, the forgotten half
Authors: Meunier Félicien , Peaucelle Marc , Verbruggen Wim , dos Santos Vieira Inês , Verbeeck Hans
Published: April 2021

Drought stress is an important threat for plants in tropical forests, especially in the context of human-induced increase of drought frequency and severity observed in regions like the Amazon basin. Terrestrial Biosphere Models are key tools to predict the future of tropical ecosystems as they allow estimating the resilience of ecosystems by simulating various future scenarios. Previous vegetation model runs have suggested a complete dieback of the Amazon or a rapid transition towards Savannah-like ecosystems because of increasing drought frequency while others have forecasted an overall greenup due to fertilization. A part of the discrepancy between those predictions stems from the representation of below-ground processes that substantially differ between models. How sensitive those models are to soil parameters and below-ground processes has been only sporadically addressed to this date, while answering this question is critical to make reliable predictions.

In this study, we compared the sensitivities of three state-of-the-art Terrestrial Biosphere Models, namely ORCHIDEE (big-leaf), ED2 (cohort-based), and LPJ-GUESS (individually-based) to the variability in soil properties over the Amazon. These three models are representative of the existing range of vegetation models but differ in their representation of the rooting system, the soil hydraulic properties and the plant below-ground functioning. We ran multiple model simulations with different soil maps and compared how the growth primary productivity, evapotranspiration and drought stress simulated by each model varied with soil properties. Those soil maps were derived from Soilgrids by retaining the most frequent soil class for each simulated pixel, or the one with the lowest or the highest clay content. The analysis revealed that all three models were weakly sensitive to soil texture, making clear that Terrestrial Biosphere Models require a better representation of below-ground processes in order to accurately simulate drought stress and water competition.
Improving modelling estimations of soil organic carbon sequestration in manure-amended croplands
Authors: Durnin-Vermette Francis , Voroney Paul , Gillespie Adam
Published: April 2021

Carbon sequestration reduces GHG emissions while improving soil fertility. In order for carbon sequestration through agriculture to be viable, however, accurate estimations of sequestration values are crucial in order to guide policy-making. Currently, Ontario’s provincial Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) uses sequestration values from the federal government’s farm-level greenhouse gas emission model (Holos), however these estimates fall short in one respect: a 2018 analysis demonstrated that manure application is not completely considered in the government’s estimates, which is a critical gap.

The main purposes of our study were 1) to assess the accuracy of soil organic carbon estimations of process-based soil carbon models (Century and RothC) which were calibrated with data from long-term manure addition experiments in Ontario, and 2) to modify these models such that they were able to fully take manure application into account when estimating carbon sequestration in Ontario’s croplands, and determine whether this substantially increases model accuracy.

The models’ estimations for soil organic carbon sequestration were respectively calibrated and validated using data from two long-term manure addition experiments in Ottawa and Harrow. By calibrating multiple models using multiple datasets, model-specific and site-specific biases were minimized. The statistical analyses consisted of a suite of tests that assess the modelling accuracy compared to baseline measured data: the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), average relative error (ARE), and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency statistic (NSE).

As a result of these improved provincial estimates, Canadians will be better-informed about the greenhouse gas mitigation potential of long-term manure addition to croplands, which will help guide decisions made by policymakers as well as farmers. These improved provincial estimates will also be reported to Canada’s national greenhouse gas inventory, and will be ultimately disclosed to the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in their global GHG summary report.
Modeling soil erosion with evolving rills on hillslopes
Authors: wu Songbai , Chen Li
Published: April 2021

Whereas current erosion models are successful in quantitative estimates of soil erosion by water flow, modeling the coevolution of geomorphological features, particularly rill network properties and soil erosion on hillslopes, is still a major challenge. In this study, we propose a rill evolution modeling approach, and combine it with a rainfall-runoff and soil erosion model to simulate the feedback loop of hillslope geomorphic development and soil erosion processes. Rill evolution is mainly characterized by three rill network attributes, comprised of rill density, orientation angle, and rill width, all modeled with physical equations. The entire rainfall-runoff-erosion and rill evolution model is tested against a set of rill network evolution and soil erosion data from an experimental hillslope subjected to successive rainfall events. The simulated spatial and temporal variations of rill network characteristics and soil erosion agree well with the measured data. The results demonstrate that the three rill network characteristics continually alter the partitioning of interrill and rill flows and affect the interrill and rill flow erosivity and soil erosion, which in turn modify the rill geometry and rill network planform. Comparatively, existing approaches such as WEPP that ignore the rill evolution processes largely underestimate the hillslope soil erosion when using time independent model parameters. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis indicates that both the rill evolution and soil erosion processes are sensitive to the rill evolution parameters, rainfall intensity, and slope angle. These results can inform the development of general geomorphic evolution and soil erosion models on evolving rilled hillslopes.
Semi-supervised learning for increasing transferability of machine learning in digital soil mapping 
Authors: Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi Ruhollah , Sheikhpour Razieh , Toomanian Norair , Scholten Thomas
Published: April 2021

The most critical aspect of application of digital soil mapping is its limited transferability. Modelling soil properties for regions where no or only sparse soil information is available is highly uncertain, when using the low-cost geo-spatial environmental covariates alone. To overcome this drawback, transfer learning has been introduced in different environmental sciences, including soil science. The general idea behind extrapolation of soil information with transfer learning in soil science is that the target area to transfer to is alike, e.g. in terms of soil-forming factors, and the same machine learning rules can be applied. Supervised machine learning, so far, has been used to transfer the soil information from the reference to the target areas with very similar environmental characteristics between both. Hence, it is unclear how machine learning can perform for other target regions with different environmental characteristics. Semi-supervised learning is an approach to machine learning that combines a small amount of labeled data (reference area) with a large amount of unlabeled data (target area) during training. In this study, we explored if semi-supervised learning could improve the transferability of digital soil mapping relative to supervised learning methods. Soil data for two arid regions and associated environmental covariates were obtained. Semi-supervised learning and supervised learning models were trained based on the data in the reference area and then tested based on the data in the target area. The results of this study indicated the higher power of semi-supervised learning for transferring soil information from one area to another in comparison to the supervised learning method.   
A thousand-year erosional and sedimentation history in karst watersheds based on OSL dating and palynological techniques
Authors: Cao Zihao , Ke Qihua , Zhang Keli , Zhang Zhuodong
Published: April 2021

Rocky desertification is a serious environmental issue in karst regions that restricts food production and hinders local economic development. Generally, soil loss is known as a dominant factor driving rocky desertification. However, it is difficult to couple rocky desertification with the soil loss rate based on a database from short-term field plot observations. Hence, it is imperative to reconstruct the history of soil loss over long-term periods and to correlate the rocky desertification process with the soil loss rate. In karst regions, the most common geomorphic landforms are closed peak-cluster depressions. Researchers have shown that estimating soil loss from hillslopes based on a sediment deposition rate in a peak-cluster depression is possible. In this study, two typical peak-cluster depressions with different degrees of rocky desertification were selected, and sediment cores with lengths of 2 m were sampled from the depressions to determine pollen taxa, soil properties and sediments dating at different depths.The results showed that the burial ages of the sediments in the depressions were different in the time series. During the past millennium, soil loss in the LJWD watershed showed an overall decreasing and then increasing trend. While the change in soil erosion was more complex in the DJT watershed, high and low rates appeared alternately in the 748±100 – 2018 period. The alluvial pollen analysis demonstrated that the soil erosion changes in both watersheds were closely related to human farming activities and vegetation landscape changes. The soil loss history over the past 1000 years was insufficient to reveal the evolution of rocky deserts in karst areas, indicating that the formation of rocky deserts should have occurred over a longer historical period. Overall, the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and palynological techniques were reliable in the investigation of local erosional history in karst regions.
The Effect of Hillslope Geometry on Hortonian Rainfall-Infiltration-Runoff Processes
Authors: Wang Jie , Chen Li
Published: April 2021

  Topography, one of the main factors in hillslope rainfall-runoff processes, is related to many environment problems initiated by rainfall, such as flash flood, soil erosion, and landslides, and crucial in hillslope hydrological models and large-scale hydrological-hydrodynamic models. This research investigated the effects of topography abstracted by the combination of longitudinal profile curvature and plan shape on the Hortonian rainfall-runoff processes. The results show that different profile curvature and plan shape leads to more than 10% difference in cumulative runoff and runoff rate and more than 20% difference in ponding time. Similar infiltration and runoff processes can occur on different hillslopes because of the similar slope gradient distributions, and partial area runoff can also occur in these hillslopes. The run-on effect causes more infiltration on convex hillslope topography. The soil property and rainfall temporal variability do not change the trends but can alter the magnitudes of the hillslope geometry effect. The study provides insights into the rainfall runoff processes on natural hillslopes that could benefit studies related to hillslope hydrology and geomorphology.
Estimation and spatio-temporal analysis of soil organic carbon stock in China using machine learning algorithms from 2000 to 2014 
Authors: Shi Yuehong , Tang Xiaolu , Luo Xinrui , Yang Zhihan , Lai Yunsen , Yu Peng
Published: April 2021

Soil is the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems, storing up to 2 or 3 times the amount of carbon present in the atmosphere, and a small change in soil carbon stock could have profound effects on atmospheric CO2 and climate change. However, an accurate estimate of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock is still challenging. Previous studies on SOC stock prediction across China were mainly from biogeochemical models and national soil inventories, and large uncertainties still remained. In this study, we predicted SOC stock at 0 – 20 cm and 0 – 100 cm with 3419 and 2479field observations using artificial neural network (ANN), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and gradient boosting regression trees (GBRT) across China with the linkage of climate, vegetation and soil variables. Results showed that RF performed best among the four machine learning approaches with model efficiency of 0.61 for 0 – 20 cm and 0.52 for 0 – 100 cm. The trained RF model was used to predicted the temporal and spatial patterns of SOC stock at a spatial resolution of 1 km from 2000 to 2014 across China. Temporally, SOC stock at 0 – 20 cm (p = 0.07) and 0 – 100 cm (p = 0.3) did not change significantly. However, SOC density showed strong spatial patterns, the mean value of SOC density at 0-20 cm and 0-100 cm increased firstly, then decreased and then increased with the increase of latitude, and the minimum density was 39.83° and 41.59°, respectively. The total SOC stocks across China were 33.68 and 95.01 Pg C for 0 – 20 cm and 0 – 100 cm, respectively. The developed SOC stock could serve as an independent dataset that could be used for decision-making and help with baseline assessments for inventory and monitoring SOC stocks for global biogeochemical models in China.
Using a combined global and local scaling 3D segmentation method to calculate pore connectivity measures in CT soil images
Authors: Martín Sotoca Juan José , Saa-Requejo Antonio , Zubelzu Sergio , Tarquis Ana M.
Published: April 2021

The study of the spatial characteristics of soil pore networks is essential to obtain different parameters that will be useful in developing simulation models for a range of physical, chemical, and biological processes in soils. Over the last decade, major technological advances in X-ray computed tomography (CT) have allowed for the investigation and reconstruction of natural porous soils at very fine scales. Delimiting the pore network (pore space) from the CT soil images applying image binarization methods is a critical step. Different binarization methods can result in different spatial distributions of pores influencing the connectivity metrics used in the models.

A combined global & local 2D segmentation method called “Combining Singularity-CA method” was successfully applied improving pore space detection. This method combines a local scaling method (Singularity-CA method) with a global one (Maximum Entropy method). The Singularity-CA method, based on fractal concepts, creates singularity maps, and the CA (Concentration Area) method is used to define local thresholds that can be applied to binarize CT soil images. Combining Singularity-CA (2D) method obtains better performance than the Singularity-CA and the Maximum Entropy method applied individually to the soil images.

A new three dimensional binarization method is presented in this work. It combines the 3D Singularity-CV (Concentration Volume) method and a global one to improve 3D pore space detection. Porosity and connectivity metrics of soil pore spaces are calculated and compared to other segmentation methods.

 

Acknowledgements:

The authors acknowledge the support from Project No. PGC2018-093854-B-I00 of the "Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades" of Spain and the funding from the "Comunidad de Madrid" (Spain), Structural Funds 2014-2020 512 (ERDF and ESF), through project AGRISOST-CM S2018/BAA-4330.
Simulating Preferential Flow by A Multi-dimensional Process-based HYDRUS Model
Authors: Zhao Ying
Published: April 2021

Preferential flow (PF) processes are controlled by subsurface structures with a hierarchical organization across scales, but there is a lack of multiscale model validation using field data. In this study, a comprehensive dataset collected in the forested Shale Hills catchment was used to test and validate PF simulations with the 2-dimensional HYDRUS-2D model at the hillslope scale. The simulations were also compared with the 1-dimensional results at the pedon scale (HYDRUS-1D) and 3-dimensional results at the catchment scale (HYDRUS-3D). There was a good agreement between the 1D simulations and soil moisture measurements, which were mainly affected by the vertical change in porosity/permeability with depth and precipitation characteristics. However, short-term fluctuations due to PF were poorly captured. Notably, 2D and 3D simulations, accounting for PF controlled by slope position and shallow fractured bedrock, provided better results than the 1D simulations. The dual-porosity or anisotropic model provided more accurate soil moisture predictions than the single-porosity or isotropic model due to the more realistic representation of local soil and fractured shale. Consequently, our study shows the importance of multi-dimensional model approaches and the need to adequately represent the bedrocks' soil structure and fractured nature for the PF simulation. The multi-dimensional modeling approaches can represent PF pathways to the first-order stream and shows the benefits of the 3D simulation with detailed information to identify the dominant hydrological process.
Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils as potential climate change mitigation strategy for Germany
Authors: Dold Christian , Michael Herbst , Lutz Weihermüller , Harry Vereecken
Published: April 2021

The limitation of global warming to +1.5°C compared to preindustrial levels requires net-zero CO2 emissions globally by mid-century and substantial removal of CO2 thereafter. Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils has been proposed as a potential mitigation strategy. Aim of this study is to quantify current carbon storage and emission reduction potential in agricultural soils, and assess the impact of mitigation measures in a prognostic modeling approach. The land surface model Community Land Model 5.0 (CLM) is used to assess soil carbon changes in agricultural soils in Germany. The simulation domain was set up with an 8 x 8 km grid across Germany using recent land use and soil texture maps, and parameters for major field crops. The model was spun up for ~1500 years with a 30-year climate dataset. Preliminary results show that spinup-derived organic carbon density (OCD, 0-188 cm) was significantly related to Soil Grid v2 OCD (R2 = 0.82), but only weakly related to field-measured OCD (R2 = 0.21). The simulated OCD values in the upper 32 cm soil layer were lower in Northwestern Germany compared to Soil Grids. This is probably due to the intensive use of organic amendment application in the region, and CLM5 lacks a subroutine for simulating organic carbon application. In a next step, carbon storage for different climate projections (regional EUR11 RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios) and management systems from 2020 - 2100 will be investigated. We will present preliminary results and discuss improvements of CLM5 to better represent agricultural soils.
Global Mapping of Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Combining Legacy Data, Spatial Covariates and Machine Learning
Authors: Gupta Surya , Lehmann Peter , Papritz Andreas , Hengl Tomislav , Bonetti Sara , Or Dani
Published: April 2021

Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) is a key parameter in many hydrological and climatic modeling applications, as it controls the partitioning between precipitation, infiltration and runoff. Values of Ksat are often deduced from Pedotransfer Functions (PTFs) using maps of soil attributes. To circumvent inherent limitations of present PTFs (heavy reliance of arable land measurements, ignoring soil structure, and geographic bias to temperate regions), we propose a new global Ksat map at 1–km resolution by harnessing technological advances in machine learning and availability of remotely sensed surrogate information (terrain, climate and vegetation). We compiled a comprehensive Ksat data set with 13,258 data geo-referenced points from literature and other sources. The data were standardized and quality-checked in order to provide a global database of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (SoilKsatDB). The SoilKsatDB was then applied to develop a Covariate-based GeoTransfer Function (CoGTF) model for predicting spatially distributed Ksat values using remotely sensed information on various environmental covariates. The model accuracy assessment based on spatial cross-validation shows a concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) of 0.16 and a root meansquare error (RMSE) of 1.18 for log10 Ksat values in cm/day (CCC=0.79 and RMSE=0.72 for non spatial cross-validation). The generated maps of Ksat represent spatial patterns of soil formation processes more distinctly than previous global maps of Ksat based on soil texture information and bulk density. The validation indicates that Ksat could be modeled without bias using CoGTFs that harness spatially distributed surface and climate attributes, compared to soil information based PTFs. The relatively poor performance of all models in the validation (low CCC and high RMSE) highlights the need for the collection of additional Ksat values to train the model for regions with sparse data.
El vacío del populismo latinoamericano frente a la ontología política europea
Authors: Porta Caballé Adrià
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo pretende mirar a Latinoamérica desde la perspectiva de la ontología. Y como hay algo que no acaba de encajar, busca en el inexplorado terreno de la meontología y el no-ser a partir de dos pensadores políticos latinoamericanos recientes, Dussel y Laclau. Por un lado, la Filosofía de la Liberación asocia el centro con la ontología y el ser, así como la periferia con lo Otro y el no-ser. De esto se desprende que, aun y asumiendo el heideggeriano “olvido del ser”, la ontología helenocéntrica se basa en la negación aún más originaria y fundamental de la nada. A continuación, se intenta demostrar cómo esta renegación ha ido de la mano de la exclusión de lo bárbaro, lo popular y lo femenino, principalmente. Tras un breve ex cursus sobre Schmitt en tanto que la forma más acabada de horror vacui dentro de la ontología política europea, el artículo concluye con un análisis pormenorizado de la reconceptualización del vacío en la obra de Laclau, que puede permitir una mejor comprensión del populismo en general, y de su vertiente latinoamericana en particular.
Ações da Academia Nacional de Medicina durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no ano de 2020: prefácio
Authors: Belfort Jr. Rubens
Published: April 2021

Este número especial dos Anais da ANM tem o objetivo, entre outros, de reunir os depoimentos, atividades e todo o árduo trabalho da Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), ao longo do ano de 2020, imposto pelo surgimento da pandemia causada pela Covid-19.
Internal Audit Effectiveness and Audit Committee Characteristics: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Amad , Salim Basariah , Ahmad Halimah Nasibah
Published: April 2021

Internal audit function (IAF) is a critical component of corporate governance mechanisms, and researchers have argued that internal audit effectiveness (IAE) is of utmost importance to serve the purpose. The study attempts to contribute to a better understanding on the role of audit committee (AC) characteristics (i.e. AC size, AC meeting frequency, AC expertise and AC independence) as a driver of IAE in public limited companies listed in Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). Two sets of questionnaires were distributed in 400 listed companies, whereas 162 completed sets in all respects with a response rate of 41% were received back. The collected data was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results of the study indicated a positive influence of AC size and AC meeting frequency on the IAE of the listed companies. At the same time, the responses failed to establish any significant relationship between AC independence and AC expertise on the IAE.
KEADILAN DALAM RETRIBUSI PARKIR BERLANGGANAN
Authors: Munir Ahmad , Hudi Moh.
Published: April 2021

The regional government has the authority to regulate and manage government affairs on the basis of regional autonomy. The presence of parking fees is one of the results of the regional autonomy regulation. Subscription parking levies are applied by various regions, but there is a contradiction with Law Number 28 of 2009 concerning Regional Taxes and Regional Levies and can harm the public. For this reason, it is necessary to study justice in the application of subscription parking fees.

The methodology used is the legislative approach and the conceptual approach by examining legislation and doctrines relating to subscription parking fees. The purpose of this study is to examine and find appropriate regulations in the application of parking fees. The application of parking fees for subscription parking fees cannot be forced or required for all people because it is not in accordance with the concept of retribution and and the basis of justice. For this reason, the application of subscription parking cannot be forced on all parking retribution subjects to bring about of justice.
IMPLEMENTASI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DALAM MENINGKATKAN SDM SMPN 1 SUNGAI PUA
Authors: Marianis Marianis
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam merancang dan menyusun administrasi akademik pembelajaran, rendahnya kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan dan memanfaatkan Teknologi Informasi (TI) dalam pembelajaran di masa pandemi covid-19. Penelitian  ini menjawab apakah dengan supervisi akademik di masa pandemi Covid-19 ini dapat meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia (guru) di SMPN 1 Sungai Pua.  Pelaksanaan supervisi akademik pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dapat meningkatkan kualitas guru di SMPN 1 Sungai Pua. Peningkatan yang tampak adalah guru telah mampu membuat, merancang program pembelajaran RPP sesuai kurikulum darurat masa pandemi covid-19, guru mampu menggunakan dan memanfaatkan TI dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh selama pandemi covid-19, guru termotivasi untuk menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan dalam menggunakan media dan model pembelajaran berbasis TI.
 
This research is motivated by the lack of teachers' ability to design and organize academic administration of learning, the low ability of teachers to use and utilize Information Technology (IT) in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research answers whether academic supervision during the Covid-19 pandemic can improve the qualTIy of human resources (teachers) at SMPN 1 Sungai Pua. The implementation of academic supervision during the Covid-19 pandemic is able to improve the quality of teachers at SMPN 1 Sungai Pua, the visible improvements are: 1) teachers have been able to make, design lesson plans learning programs according to the emergency curriculum during the Covid-19 pandemic, 2) teachers are able to use and utilize IT in distance learning during Covid-19 pandemic, 3) teachers are motivated to add insight and knowledge in using IT-based media and learning models.
Administration for Integrated Sustainability – AIS: A Technology for Perenity of the Organizations
Authors: Pereira  Ilmar Polary
Published: April 2021

The article has as objective to analyze the model of the Administration for Sustainability Integrated as an administration technology that favors the perenity and the success of the organizations. It investigated the problem “how the Administration for Integrated Sustainability, while administration technology, based on the Theory of Entrepreneurship, impacts on the perenity and success of organizations?” As a method, literature and field researches in a universe of 1,700 industrial companies, 15,112 of services rendered, 17 hospitals and 03 universities. The sample data received statistical treatment, with analysis of variance, correlation and regression tests with stratified random samples and for accessibility. In the collection of data the technique was the questionnaire. The data received statistical treatment, with descriptive analysis, variance analysis, correlation tests and regression. Among the results and conclusions, the Rate of Entrepreneurs in Early Stage of Brazil, grew in the world ranking in 2014, 2015 and 2019, and that of Established Entrepreneurs, grew in 2014 and 2015, but decreased in 2019. In industrial organizations, it suggests that Administration for Integrated Sustainability favors the continuity of micro and small companies, and in public ones, productivity with efficiency, quality in the provision of services and satisfaction of society, with transparency, suitability and ethics, being relevant to society. Among the theoretical and methodological contributions, it expands the field of application of administration technologies in academy and organizations.
Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Rotan terhadap Kelancaran Proses Produksi pada CV. Home Fashions Indonesia Cirebon
Authors: Putri Citra Agustin , Hamdah Dida Farida Latipatul , Pansuri Cecep Hamjah
Published: April 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengendalian persediaan bahan baku dan kelancaran proses produksi dengan menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity pada CV. Home Fashions Indonesia Cirebon. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan data kualitatif. Pengolahan data secara kualitatif ini digunakan untuk mengolah data berupa rencana dan realisasi kuantitas bahan baku rotan untuk pembutan keranjang dari tahun 2014 sampai dengan tahun 2018. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa metode Economic Order Quantity dapat membantu perusahaan untuk menentukan jumlah pembelian yang paling ekonomis dan dapat menentukan frekuensi pembelian yang konstan, serta menentukan titik pemesanan kembali dengan persediaan pengaman secara tepat untuk menunjang kelancaran proses produksi pada perusahaan.
â€œKeinginan atau Kebutuhan?â€: Analisis Perilaku Impulsif dalam Pembelian Kosmetik Natural Online dari Aspek Eksternal dan Situasional
Authors: Salsabila Nadhifah Adinda , Mayangsari Lidia
Published: April 2021

Kosmetik natural merupakan salah satu produk di industri kecantikan yang menggunakan bahan alami dan terus berkembang di pasar karena didukung oleh tren konsumen yang mulai menerapkan gaya hidup sehat. Industri kosmetik mencuri banyak perhatian dari banyak pihak sehingga mengalami transformasi yang signifikan dan harus menghadapi tantangan baru karena teknologi terus berkembang mengikuti tren saat ini. Perubahan transformasi yang signifikan merubah para pelanggan dari industri ini bergeser dari belanja secara fisik menuju ke media elektronik. Hal tersebut menciptakan perilaku pembelian impulsif baru di sektor daring. Dalam industri kosmetik, sebagian besar pembeli impulsif adalah Generasi Z, yaitu generasi yang cerdas secara digital dan mencari cara paling cepat untuk membeli. Pembelian impulsif dapat terjadi karena dipengaruhi oleh respons kognitif dan afektif dari pembeli. Respons impulsif pembeli ini dipicu oleh faktor eksternal dan situasional. Faktor eksternal mencakup promosi dan referensi dari orang terdekat. Sementara itu, faktor situasional terkait dengan ketersediaan waktu dan uang. Melihat kondisi ini, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat faktor-faktor signifikan pada perilaku pembelian impulsif terhadap kosmetik alami di kalangan wanita Generasi Z, dengan rentang umur 18-24 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner survei daring yang diberikan kepada 201 responden dan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor eksternal dan faktor situasi memiliki pengaruh terhadap pembelian impulsif online tetapi faktor situasional memiliki dampak yang lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan faktor eksternal. Temuan ini memungkinkan perusahaan untuk mengembangkan yang efektif strategi pemasaran.
Mencari Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan
Authors: Mulyana Tatang , Yudiardi Dodi , Wahidin Ilham
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja karyawan pada PT. Riade Sumber Energi, sebuah perusahaan air mineral yang berlokasi di Kadungora, Garut. Penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi pimpinan perusahaan dalam menentukan strategi pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 84 orang, seluruhnya merupakan karyawan bagian produksi. Data dianalisis dengan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan program IBM SPSS Ver.22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) faktor psikologis berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan, (2) faktor sosial berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan, (3) faktor fisik berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan; dan (4) faktor keuangan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan.
Microorganisms and cardiovascular diseases: importance of gut bacteria
Authors: Noor Rashed , Naz Adiba , Maniha Syeda Muntaka , Tabassum Nafisa , Tabassum Tasmin , Tabassum Tahsin , Taniya Masuma Afrin , Billah Muntasir
Published: April 2021

Cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarctions, myocarditis, strokes, coronary artery disease, chronic granulomatous disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, etc. can be regarded as the severe health trouble round the globe. The reasons behind the heart related complications have been well chalked our so far. Interestingly, along with the non-infectious reasons, an array of bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses is known to cause different types of heart complications. Unfortunately, the role of microorganisms in inducing heart diseases is not that much known by the mass community in the underdeveloped and even in the developing countries over the world. However, among the microorganisms causing heart diseases, the multifaceted bionetwork by the gut microorganisms especially drew the interests of microbiologists. The impairment of cardiac membrane, the metabolic malfunction of heart, and imbalance in the functionality of the immune cells by the alternation in the composition of gut microorganisms are currently not unknown. Present review outlined the onset of heart diseases caused by the gut microflora in a simple way which would be important in public health regard.
Comparative review on left-handed Z-DNA
Authors: Roy Reetabrita , Chakraborty Pallab , Chatterjee Arindam , Sarkar Joy
Published: April 2021

Being polymorphic, deoxyribonucleic acid is worthy of raise a variety of structure like right-handed B to left-handed Z conformation. In left-handed contour of DNA consecutive nucleotides substitute between syn-arrangement and anti-arrangement, through the chain. 2D gel electrophoresis comprising d(PCpG)n of topo isomers of a plasmid inserts d(pCpG)n, in this ‘n’ ranges among 8 to 21, indicate the change of B-Z DNA. The high denseness of salt is required for conversion of B configuration d(CG)n toward Z configuration. The rate of B to Z transition is measured by “Cytosine Analogues” and “Fluorescence Spectroscopy”. h-ZαADAR1 that a Z-DNA’s binding domain, binds and stabilizes one part in Z configuration and therefore the remaining half in B deoxyribonucleic acid configuration. At halfway point, it creates B-Z junction. “Stacking” is the main reason for the B-Z DNA junction construction. Upregulation of ADAM-12, related with Z-DNA is said to a cause for cancer, arthritis, and hypertrophy. Z-DNA forming sequence (ZFS) conjointly generates massive - scale deletion in cells from mammals.
UPF1: a potential biomarker in human cancers
Authors: Chen Bin-Lie , Wang Huai-Ming , Lin Xiao-Sheng , Zeng Yong-Ming
Published: April 2021

Recently, Up-frameshift protein 1 (UPF1) is reported to be downregulated in various cancers and its low expression is closely correlated with poor prognosis. UPF1 is well known as a master regulator of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), which serves as a highly conserved mRNA surveillance process protecting cells from aberrant toxic transcripts. Due to dysfunction of UPF1, NMD fails to proceed, which contributes to tumor initiation and progression. This review shows a brief summary of the aberrant expression, functional roles and molecular mechanisms of UPF1 during tumorigenesis. Increasing evidence has indicated that UPF1 could serve as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and treatment for future clinical applications in cancer.