bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stocking sites in France: locations and dynamic current
Authors: Piquant Maximilien
Published: August 2023

The changes undergone by the production system have generated a new conception of the role played by stocks in companies and more generally in the economic system itself.Yet we can wonder whether those economic upheavals have modified the locations of stocking sites. The purpose of this article is to use a geographer’s approach to identify the locations of stocking sites in France (by means of an appropriate indicator) and evaluate the dynamic current of change they experience.

Les mutations du système de production ont engendré une conception différente du rôle des stocks dans l’entreprise et de façon générale au sein du système économique. Mais ces bouleversements d’ordre économique ont-ils généré des mutations spatiales ?L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier, grâce à un indicateur et avec les outils du géographe, les structures et dynamiques spatiales quant à la répartition de l’activité de stockage en France.
The daily deliverymen’s solutions to resolve urban constraints
Authors: Cholez Céline
Published: August 2023

Cet article peut être téléchargé : http://www.afitl.com/CST/precedents-numeros/N41/Cholez41.pdf (lien visité le 05.10.2007)

The French public authorities mostly don't know the way cities are daily supplied and so they ignore their room to manoeuvre to improve urban fret movements. The analysis of the professional practices of the deliverymen, in urban areas, gives some ideas about efficient policies. In effect, urban logistic mostly depends on the knowledge and the know-how of the deliverymen in the management of different urban temporalities and urban interactions. This article present a socio-anthropological approach based on a survey upon fifty deliverymen we interviewed and observed at work.

Les pouvoirs publics ignorent encore pour une large part la manière dont les villes sont quotidiennement approvisionnées et donc leur champ de manœuvre pour une meilleure organisation des déplacements des marchandises. L'analyse des interdépendances entre l'espace urbain et les pratiques professionnelles des chauffeurs-livreurs peut contribuer à alimenter la réflexion sur les moyens d'action en ce domaine. La logistique urbaine repose en effet en grande partie les savoirs et savoir-faire en matière de gestion de multiples temporalités et d'interactions urbaines des livreurs. L'approche socio-anthropologique développée dans cet article repose sur une enquête auprès d'une cinquante de chauffeurs rencontrés en entretiens et accompagnés en tournée.
Hinterland access regimes in seaports
Authors: de Langen Peter , Chouly Ariane
Published: August 2023

Seaports serve hinterlands. Various inland modes such as road, rail, inland waterways and pipeline are used to access the hinterland. The quality of the access to the hinterland differs between seaports and affects their competitiveness.The quality of the hinterland access depends on the behaviour of a large variety of actors, such as shipping lines, forwarders, the port authority and the national/state government. Together these actors create a hinterland access regime. The analysis of this regime is central in this paper.First, the relevance of hinterland access for seaports is briefly discussed. Second, the term ‘hinterland access regime’ is defined and a framework to analyse the quality of this regime presented. Third, survey results on the quality of the hinterland access regime in three seaport clusters, Rotterdam, Durban and the lower Mississippi port cluster (LMPC) are discussed. Fourth, opportunities to improve the hinterland access regime in these three ports are discussed. We finalise this paper with conclusions.

Une des fonctions des ports maritimes est de desservir l’arrière-pays. Différents modes d’accès tels que la route, le rail, les voies fluviales et les pipelines sont utilisés pour atteindre l’arrière-pays. La qualité d’accès de l’arrière-pays diffère d’un port à l’autre et affecte leur compétitivité.La qualité de l’accès de l’arrière-pays dépend d’une grande variété d’acteurs, tels que les armements de lignes régulières, les transitaires, l’autorité portuaire, et les pouvoirs publics. Ensemble, ses acteurs forment " le régime d’accès à l’arrière-pays ". L’analyse de ce régime est le sujet principal de cet article.En premier lieu, l’importance de l’accès à l’arrière-pays pour les ports est brièvement étudiée. En deuxième lieu, le terme " régime d’accès à l’arrière-pays " est défini et un cadre d’analyse de la qualité de ce régime est présenté. En troisième lieu sont comparés les résultats de l’enquête sur la qualité du régime d’accès à l’arrière-pays dans trois clusters de ports maritimes, Rotterdam, Durban et le cluster du port du Mississippi inférieure (LMPC). En quatrième lieu, des pistes d’amélioration du régime d’accès à l’arrière-pays sont discutées pour ces trois cas.
Urban, suburban and rural daily mobilities in Belgium : what makes a difference?
Authors: Hubert Jean-Paul
Published: August 2023

This text compares mobility behaviours of the Belgian according to the urbanisation level of their place of residence. This urbanisation level is based on a morphological criterion: continuity of built up areas. Micro data of the 1999 Belgian national household travel survey make it possible to compare daily mobility behaviours. Travel demand, daily activity patterns, either their structured by work or not, appear remarkably uniform. Urbanisation level in the Belgian territory does favour certain means of transport, it influences travelled distances, but has very little impact on travel times.

Ce texte compare les comportements de mobilité des Belges en fonction du degré d'urbanisation des lieux de résidence. Une variable d'urbanisation est construite selon le critère morphologique de la continuité du bâti. La mobilité est comparée grâce à des indicateurs produits à partir des données de l’enquête belge sur la mobilité de 1999. Ces analyses montrent une grande uniformité des besoins de déplacements et de l'organisation des chaînes d'activité quotidiennes, qu'elles soient structurées par le travail ou non. Le degré d'urbanisation dans l'espace belge a un effet sur la réalisation des déplacements, le mode utilisé et les distances parcourues, mais le temps passé en transport ne varie guère.
Nodality of french suburban high speed train stations
Authors: Facchinetti-Mannone Valérie
Published: August 2023

Several high speed train stations have been established recently on the outskirts of French urban areas in order to minimize travel time and enhance railway profitability. Even though they allow for interconnexions between several transportation modes, they seem to offer a much lower degree of nodality within the railway network than older central city stations. However, their nodal role should be gauged in terms of function rather than physical infrastructure. Relational capacities of the stations were estimated using topologic direct accessibility graphs and morphological nodality ratings. The network patterns of their rail links allow us to identify several kinds of stations according to their functions: from simple halting points devoid of any nodality to major national railway nodes.

Les nouvelles gares TGV, aménagées en périphérie des villes françaises dans une logique de rentabilité commerciale, présentent une nodalité réduite comparée à celle des grandes gares centrales. Elles constituent certes des lieux d’interconnexion entre différents modes de transport, mais apparaissent dépourvues de toute nodalité ferroviaire. Leur fonction nodale au sein du réseau ferroviaire doit toutefois être évaluée en termes fonctionnels plus qu‘en termes infrastructurels. Les capacités relationnelles de ces gares ont ainsi été évaluées par le biais de graphes
The organization of the public utility of maritime transport of Corsica: competition, a necessary but non sufficient component
Authors: Peraldi Xavier
Published: August 2023

The maritime transport of Corsica profits from a system of public utility since 1976. Beyond its positive effects on quality of the transport supply, this system showed important gaps with the passing years. Among those, its collective cost seems most obvious. The drifts observed cannot be dissociated from the organization imposed on the system. In particular, the concomitant application of monopolistic exploitation and public subsidy supported an economic context carrying perverse effects. It encouraged the principal actors of the system to privilege the search for private income and to be unaware of the preoccupation with productive effectiveness. The recent integration of competing logic in the system seems able to partly correct this type of anomaly. It can contribute to reduce the production cost of the service of transport without necessarily involving a loss of quality. But a more satisfactory organization cannot be obtained only by using this competing impulse. Institutional modifications must also be decided so that the cost of the system of territorial continuity can be controlled.

Le transport maritime de la Corse bénéficie d'un système de service public depuis 1976. Au delà de ses effets positifs sur la qualité de l'offre du trans-port, ce système a montré au cours du temps des lacunes importantes. Parmi celles-ci, son coût collectif semble le plus évident. Les dérives observées ne peuvent pas être dissociées de l'organisation imposée au système. En particu-lier, l'application concomitante de l'exploitation monopolistique et de la sub-vention publique garantie ont généré un contexte économique porteur d’effets pervers. Il a encouragé les principaux acteurs du système à favoriser la re-cherche de rente et à ignorer l’objectif d’efficacité productive. L'intégration récente de la logique de concurrence dans le système semble capable de cor-riger en partie ce type d'anomalie. Elle peut contribuer à réduire le coût de production du service du transport sans induire nécessairement une détério-ration de sa qualité. Mais une organisation plus satisfaisante ne peut pas être obtenue seulement en utilisant cette impulsion concurrentielle. Des modi-fications institutionnelles doivent également être décidées pour que le coût du système de continuité territoriale puisse être contrôlé.
What is the role of urban network on pedestrian flows distribution?
Authors: Foltête Jean-Christophe
Published: August 2023

ACL

In the urban networks, the pedestrian frequency of streets is variable. At an aggregated level, it partially depends on the spatial configuration of the urban network. This concept, called the “natural movement”, is a key-notion in space syntax. It is here investigated by assuming several explanatory factors: metric accessibility, network linearity, route linearity, route continuity. Data obtained from a pedestrian movement survey in the city of Lille (France) were used. The factors were represented by series of theoretical frequencies defined with origin and destination points stemmed from real trips. These theoretical frequencies were compared to the observed pedestrian frequencies. The statistical analysis showed that metric accessibility is the first factor explaining the pedestrian flows distribution (60% of variance). The level of route linearity is just a secondary but significant factor.

Sur le réseau de la voirie urbaine, chaque rue est utilisée plus ou moins fréquemment par les piétons. À un niveau agrégé, la fréquentation piéton­nière est en partie dépendante de la configuration spatiale de la voirie. Cette idée du « mouvement naturel », qui est un des concepts-clés de la syntaxe spatiale, est examinée ici en proposant plusieurs types de facteurs structurels supposés explicatifs des flux piétonniers observés : accessibilité métrique, linéarité de la voirie, linéarité des itinéraires, continuité des itinéraires. Sur la base de données d’enquêtes sur les déplacements pédestres dans la ville de Lille, ces facteurs sont représentés par des séries de fréquences théoriques de transit définies à partir des origines et destinations issues des trajets réellement effectués. Les analyses statistiques montrent que la minimisation de la distance métrique est le premier facteur expliquant la distribution des flux piétonniers (60 % de part de variance), et que le degré de linéarité des itinéraires apporte une information d’ordre secondaire mais significative.
Urban logistics : acquired knowledge and outlooks presentation of the issue
Authors: Patier Danièle , Routhier Jean-Louis
Published: August 2023

Le présent dossier présente trois articles qui illustrent bien les trois enjeux dudiscours scientifique tenu sur la logistique urbaine.Le premier article (PATIER, ROUTHIER) présente les avancées en termes deméthodes d’enquêtes pour rendre compte de la complexité des transports demarchandises dans la ville.Le deuxième article (RIPERT, BROWNE) témoigne de la politique "marchandises" menée au cours de la période 2002-2008 par la Ville de Paris.Le troisième article (AUGEREAU, CURIEN, DABLANC) analyse de manière approfondiela logistique du e-commerce qui est en fort développement depuis2003.
High speed rail services and location of firms in business districts: new accessibility or new offer of offices?
Authors: Bazin Sylvie , Beckerich Christophe , Delaplace Marie
Published: August 2023

A High Speed Rail line serving a downtown often gives birth to an important development of office & corporate real estate programs around the central station in which business services firms are expected to flourish. The aim is here therefore to identify the exact role of the High Speed Rail line in the location choice of these firms and consequently its role in the attractiveness of served territories. From a theoretical point of view, we show that we have to reason not only in terms of location demand of these firms, but also in terms of real estate offer. Thus, the High Speed Rail Line is seldom, in itself, a location factor. But, it triggers a dynamic of real estate supply which explains the quick development of firm settlement around the TGV stations located near the downtown. This theoretical framework is illustrated by the results of an empirical survey on firms located next to the central station in Rheims. Its results show clearly that the use of the high-speed rail do not explain directly these locations. By the effect of the mental picture it produces, it generates real estate investments. Moreover, if these real estate programs quickly find buyers, this corresponds most often to an internal relocation demand into the agglomeration and less to locations of outside firms.

La desserte d’une gare centrale par un TGV s’accompagne souvent d’un développement de programmes immobiliers de bureaux sur les quartiers alentours dans lesquels sont supposées venir s’implanter des activités de services aux entreprises. La question est d’identifier le rôle exact de la grande vitesse dans les choix d’implantation de ces entreprises et par conséquent dans l’attractivité des territoires desservis. D’un point de vue théorique, nous montrons qu’il s’agit de raisonner non pas seulement en termes de facteurs de localisation liés à la demande des entreprises, mais aussi et prioritairement en termes d’offre sur le marché immobilier de bureaux. Le TGV n’est que rarement, en lui-même, un facteur de localisation. En revanche, il déclenche une dynamique d’offre immobilière de bureaux qui explique l’implantation rapide d’entreprises dans les quartiers des gares TGV centrales. Ce cadre théorique est illustré par les résultats d’une enquête réalisée auprès des entreprises implantées dans le quartier de la gare centrale à Reims. Ces résultats montrent que la desserte TGV n’explique pas directement ces implantations. En revanche, par l’effet d’image qu’elle produit, elle génère des investissements immobiliers. De surcroît, si cette offre immobilière trouve rapidement preneur, cela correspond plus à une demande de relocalisation interne à l’agglomération et moins à l’implantation d’entreprises extérieures.
The region, the scale of relevance of own account transport in france: inventory of fixtures and some lights with the characteristics of the service of transport
Authors: Cruz Cécilia , Zembri Pierre
Published: August 2023

Since the end of 1980’s, own account transport has sizeable decreased, regulation could be one of the reasons of this reduction. Nevertheless, own account transport is still used in intraregional trade. Average distances are almost the same that in 1980’s. Average distances have little varied as showed results of a recent survey. A classification of regions by products transported by own account transport show diversity of its utilization. Then, utilization of own account transport is different according to regions regardless the structure of their activity. The specificity of products isn’t only the factor of utilization of own account transport.

La part du transport pour compte propre a fortement diminué depuis la fin des années 1980 notamment en raison de la déréglementation. Cependant le transport pour compte propre reste encore très présent dans les flux intrarégionaux. Les distances moyennes de ce type de transport ont peu varié comme le montrent les résultats d’une enquête récente. La typologie des régions élaborée en fonction des produits transportés en compte propre en intrarégional en souligne la diversité d’utilisation. Par ailleurs, indépendamment de la structure d’activité des régions, le recours au transport pour compte propre pour un même produit diffère selon les régions, le critère de la spécificité du produit ne semble pas l’unique facteur à prendre en compte dans ce choix.
Social Inequality and Driving Risks. Contribution of a Geographical Approach
Authors: Fleury Dominique , Peytavin Jean-Francois , Alam Thomas , Godillon Sylvanie , Saint-Gérand Thierry , Medjkane Mohand , Millot Marine
Published: August 2023

The objective of this research is to study the relationship between social disparities and levels of road safety. This disparity is viewed through its geographical dimension, i.e. belonging to a particular space. The research covered the territory of the Lille Urban Community (LMCU). The choice of neighbourhoods was made by selecting 5 sensitive urban areas. These study fields have different characteristics: size, city centre/periphery, old housing/housing estates, etc. These areas are compared with contiguous control areas whose populations have more privileged socioeconomic characteristics. A geographical analysis system was developed in a partnership with LMCU services to spatialize data from national and local censuses. Access to police reports from the Nord department makes it possible to analyse the accidents. Those involving the inhabitants of the study areas were selected and then spatialized and encoded. The comparison established between the sensitive urban areas and the control areas enables us to conclude that there is an adjusted relative risk of 1.363. The analyses are expanded by comparing the methods of transportation involved, the socioeconomic characteristics of the inhabitants and their professions.

L'objectif de cette recherche est d'interroger le rapport entre le niveau de l'insécurité routière et la disparité sociale. La disparité est appréhendée par sa dimension territoriale, c'est-à-dire par l'appartenance à un espace socialement marqué. La recherche a porté sur le territoire de la Communauté Urbaine de Lille (LMCU). Le choix des quartiers a été fait en sélectionnant 5 zones urbaines sensibles. Ces terrains d'études ont des caractéristiques différentes : taille, centre-ville / périphérie, habitat ancien / grands ensembles... Ces zones sont comparées à des zones de contrôle contiguës mais dont la population présente des caractéristiques socioéconomiques plus favorisées. Un système coopératif d'analyse géographique a été développé, en partenariat avec la LMCU permettant de spatialiser les données issues de recensements nationaux et locaux. L'accès aux procès-verbaux d'accident du département du Nord permet l'analyse des accidents. Ceux impliquant les habitants des zones étudiées ont été sélectionnés, puis spatialisés et codés. La comparaison établie entre Zus et zones de contrôle permet de conclure à un risque relatif ajusté de 1,363. Les analyses sont prolongées par des comparaisons de modes de transports impliqués, les caractéristiques socioéconomiques des habitants et les professions.
Conditions for the development of electric two-wheelers in Shanghai
Authors: Yeh Chao-Fu , Papon Francis , Abours Sylvie , Soulas Claude
Published: August 2023

This paper examines the potential for the development of electric two-wheelers in Shanghai from the standpoint of sustainable urban development. In the situation where the traditional modes of walking and cycling are very rapidly being replaced by personal motorized vehicles, electric two-wheelers could constitute a more environmentally friendly alternative. Our examination of the technical features of various two-wheelers and their possibilities in terms of average trip speed and range, as well as the profile of their users, shows that electric two-wheelers are suitable for most of the population’s daily trips. A comparative review based on five criteria -cost, mean speed, road safety, energy and environmental impact- highlights the comprehensive superiority of electric two-wheeled vehicles, justifying a policy to promote this mode. Urgent measures are required to reverse the radical change in modal split that has occurred in the last decade, but it seems necessary beforehand to modify the regulations in order to take account of the specific features of the mode, both to take advantage of technical breakthroughs and to limit the associated accident rate. Some recommendations in this regard are made at the end of the article.

Cet article explore les questions liées au développement potentiel des deux-roues électriques dans la ville de Shanghai dans une perspective de développement urbain durable. Dans un contexte de passage très rapide des modes traditionnels, marche et vélo, aux modes motorisés individuels, les deux-roues électriques pourraient constituer une alternative plus respectueuse de l’environnement. L’examen des caractéristiques techniques des différents deux-roues, de leurs possibilités en termes de vitesse moyenne et de portée, ainsi que du profil de leurs usagers, montre que, pour les déplacements quotidiens d’une grande partie de la population, l’usage des deux-roues électriques est pertinent. Un bilan comparatif portant sur cinq critères -coût, vitesse moyenne, sécurité routière, efficacité énergétique et impact environnemental- met en évidence une supériorité globale des deux-roues électriques, ce qui plaide pour une politique en faveur de ce mode. Compte tenu du bouleversement des répartitions modales en une décennie, il y aurait urgence à infléchir la tendance, mais il semble nécessaire de traduire au préalable dans la réglementation les spécificités de ce mode, à la fois pour mieux profiter de ses avancées techniques et pour limiter l’accidentologie associée. Des recommandations en ce sens sont données en fin d’article.
Selective social polarisation around the extended lines of the Paris subway network
Authors: Padeiro Miguel
Published: August 2023

This paper explores the social composition changes within the households living near the extended Paris metro lines in the suburbs, between 1990 and 1999. We want to know how and to what extent the directly connected suburbs are socially specialized, using data from the Population Census, and in particular socio-economic and family variables. The analysis around metro stations reveals distribution gradients of households by a double cleavage affluent groups/working classes and large households/small households. In the second step, we question the role of social housing and constraint acceptance of living space in these distributions. Both introduce a bias in the gradient, reflecting their status as a leverage to approximate households relative to the nodes of the network.

Cet article explore le lien entre les lignes prolongées du métro parisien en banlieue et la composition sociale des ménages résidents. Nous cherchons à savoir comment et dans quelle mesure les quartiers suburbains directement reliés à Paris sont socialement spécialisés, puis nous déterminons les biais introduits par la structure du parc immobilier. À partir des données du recensement de la population (1999), et en particulier de variables socio-économiques et de variables familiales, nous montrons que la spécialisation sociale des quartiers accessibles n'est pas seulement le fait des catégories sociales, mais aussi, et surtout, de la position des ménages dans le cycle de vie. Nous faisons enfin apparaître le rôle déterminant du parc immobilier, à partir d'une comparaison des gradients puis d'analyses de régression linéaire.
The development of operational logistics activities: a comparative analysis of attractiveness practices in Lorraine and in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Authors: Houe Thierry
Published: August 2023

The aim of this paper is to highlight the differences in attractiveness policies for the development of operational logistics activities in Lorraine and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It is also to observe the consequences on the geographical and relational organization for these activities. In a first time, the research discusses the interest that the development of the logistics sector represents for these two spaces, but also shows the achievements and projects in this sphere. After examining the results of a comparative analysis and mobilizing the polysemous concept of proximity, the thinking leads to the presentation of policy differences and their impact on the development and territorial structure of logistics activities. It synthesizes the results by proposing two typical patterns of attractiveness. The paper finally shows a complementarity rather than an opposition from the results of policies and suggests some recommendations for a more cooperative and interterritorial view of relationships between players of both territories for future development opportunities.

L’objet de cet article est de mettre en évidence les différences d’approche des politiques d’attractivité au service du développement des activités logistiques opérationnelles en Région Lorraine et au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Il s’agit également d’en observer les conséquences sur l’organisation géographique et relationnelle des activités de flux. La recherche revient sur l’intérêt que représente le développement du secteur logistique pour ces deux espaces contigus, ainsi que sur les réalisations et les projets dans ce domaine. Après examen des résultats d’une analyse comparée et en mobilisant le concept polysémique de proximité, la réflexion conduit à la présentation de disparités d’orientation et de leur impact sur l’essor et la structuration territoriale des activités logistiques. Elle permet de synthétiser les résultats sous la forme de deux modèles d’attractivité typiques. L’article souligne enfin une certaine complémentarité plutôt qu’une opposition des résultats des politiques menées et propose quelques recommandations dans une vue plus coopérative et interterritoriale des relations entre acteurs des deux territoires pour de futures pistes de développement.
High Speed, railway stations and urban projects in Rabat (Morocco). Semantic and strategical use of railway fluidity
Authors: Baron Nacima
Published: August 2023

This article studies the concept of fluidity applied to transport and spatial planning in Morocco by contextualizing high speed network development and high speed station urban integration in Rabat. Mobilizing urban geography as well as planning and public policy analysis, the author put together the results of two data sets and two methodologies, namely public discourse interpretation and operational documentation study. Capitalizing from a first theoretical reflexion concerning the use of "fluidity" in transportation studies, the article differenciates three main political arguments justificating the high speed project in Morocco. Thereafter, Agdal's railway station project study in Rabat reveals how fluidity operates simultaneously on a spatial and on a strategical level, putting in the same time flexibility to passengers movement as well as to capitalistic urban processes.

L'article interroge la notion de fluidité pour qualifier les interactions entre transport et aménagement de l'espace au Maroc. Il aborde en particulier le sujet de la construction de lignes à grande vitesse au Maroc, et propose une lecture de l'insertion urbaine d'un projet de rénovation de gare à Rabat. Pour ce faire, l'auteur se positionne au croisement des champs de la géographie urbaine, de l'aménagement et des politiques publiques et mobilise deux méthodes de recherche, l'analyse des discours publics et l'étude des docu¬ments de planification. L'article débute par une réflexion théorique sur la fluidité réticulaire, en vue de dégager une typologie des différents registres de justification politique de la grande vitesse dans ce pays. Par la suite, l'étude de la future gare Agdal à Rabat révèle comment la fluidité opère à la fois sur le plan spatial, avec la valorisation de la mobilité urbaine, et sur le plan des stratégies urbaines, en flexibilisant en même temps le mouvement des passagers et le processus capitalistique de production urbaine.
The reform of rail passenger traffic in Switzerland: more performance without competition?
Authors: Desmaris Christian
Published: August 2023

The Swiss railway system is known for its quality of service and its integration in a particularly dense public transportation system. People are less aware of ongoing institutional reform. This article aims to shed light on passenger traffic reform, more particularly pertaining to regional traffic. Which institutional frameworks are implicated? What have been the results obtained, both for public finances and for travelers? What are the key elements for explaining the recorded gains in performance? What lessons could be drawn for railway reform? In sum, it appears that improved performance is possible in Switzerland even without competition. These improvements are due to the nature of public governance and its impact on the various stakeholders. Public authorities have imposed ambitious but negotiated targets on operators, coupled with severe financial constraints, in a context of decentralization of public procurement. Given this new institutional framework, railway companies and especially the former monopoly holder SBB have achieved significant productivity increases through management and technical innovations. Client satisfaction, at the heart of the reform, also contributes to these successes.

Le système ferroviaire Suisse est connu pour sa qualité de service et son intégration à un système de transport public particulièrement dense. Moins connue est la réforme institutionnelle en cours. Cet article vise à éclairer la réforme du trafic de voyageurs, en particulier du trafic régional. Quels sont les schémas institutionnels sollicités ? Quels sont les résultats obtenus tant du point de vue des finances publiques que pour les voyageurs ? Quels sont les clés explicatives des gains de performances enregistrés ? Quels enseignements pour les réformes ferroviaires ? Au total, il apparaît qu'en Suisse, davantage de performance est possible sans la concurrence. Ces progrès sont redevables de la nature de la gouvernance publique et de son impact sur le jeu des acteurs. Les pouvoirs publics ont imposé aux opérateurs des objectifs ambitieux, mais négociés, associés à une sévère contrainte financière, dans le cadre d'une décentralisation de la commande publique. Face à ce nouveau cadre institutionnel, les entreprises ferroviaires et tout particulièrement l'opérateur historique, les CFF, ont été amenées à réaliser de significatifs gains de productivité et de profondes innovations managériales et techniques. La satisfaction des voyageurs, placés au cœur de la réforme, contribue également à cette dynamique de succès.
VASCULAR ARTERY SIMULATION MODEL FABRICATION FOR PRE-SURGERY KIT FOR STENT APPLICATION THROUGH 3D PRINTING
Authors: UĞURTAŞ Tuğba , YILMAZER Hakan
Published: August 2023

Thrombosis occurs of a blood clot in the vein and blocking blood flow. The formation of a clot within the artery is called arterial thrombosis. Due to arterial thrombosis, there are heart attacks and strokes that result in more than 17.9 million deaths worldwide each year. Covid-19, one of today's problems, further increases the mortality rate. The thrombosis mechanism includes factors coming from the blood and the vessel wall. This mechanism is based on local blood flow mechanisms and 3-dimensional (3D) vessel geometry. Microfluidics chip-based vascular models examine the interaction between blood and the vessel wall in vitro studies in thrombosis. Until now, the 3-dimensional geometry of the arteries and blood flow system of healthy or unhealthy individuals have not been fully modeled. In this study, a patient-specific occluded blood vessel model was obtained from computed tomography angiography (CTA) data, and miniature vascular structures were developed with a 3D printer. These structures were printed using Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). 3D ABS samples were used in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based soft lithography molds to occur microfluidic systems containing miniaturized replicas of in vivo vessel geometries. A comprehensive simulation of stented vasculature was performed by flow analysis of artificial blood and cell culture by placing a commercial stent on PDMS-based models. This project has aimed to develop and characterize modules by creating microfluidic systems using 3D printers to examine the effects of stents placed in the patient's complex vascular system and to simulate operations before treatment and stent placement.
Book Review: Game: Animals, Video Games, and Humanity
Authors: Bianchi Melissa
Published: August 2023

Assembling thirteen eclectic essays about ducks, boars, dogs, fish, squids, beetles, sheep, cows, humans, and more, Tom Tyler’s Game: Animals, Video Games, and Humanityis best described as a conscientiously cultivated menagerie. To take a page from Tyler’s book, which draws extensively on etymology (among other critical perspectives), one might turn tothe definition, extended use, and history of “menagerie” to better understand this projectand its value. Before doing so though, it is worth noting that “bestiary” would also be an apt descriptor for Game; however, this term already characterizes Tyler’s previously published book, CIFERAE: A Bestiary in Five Fingers (2012), the predecessor to Game and one worth mentioning here briefly. In CIFERAE, Tylerlooks to an assortment of both real and imaginary animals to consider and question anthropocentrism, and so too does Game pursue a similar goal of studying animals and their representations to decenter the human. To this end, Gameraises questions about animals appearing in video games, investigating the characterization of supposed differences and similarities between humans and animals in these digital artifacts (2022, 3). Tyler contends that, “The pursuit of such questions about how games deal with animals prompts in turn a consideration of what those animals can tell us about games” (3). He then considers in what ways animals can help us understand various aspects of video games and their development, including conditions of play, rules, rhetoric, ideologies, and iterative design (3), which are predominantly studied from a human perspective. In answering these inquiries, the opening chapter of Game establishes a unique dialectic between games and animals that underscores several possibilities for challenging anthropocentrism.
Cannabis-Based Products and Medical Propaganda: It Cuts Both Ways
Authors: Mei Paulo Afonso
Published: August 2023

Cannabis species’ historical use for relieving medical symptoms, through various preparations like smoking, edibles, ointments, balms and others, dates back over 3,000 years ago, initially in the Far East (especially India and China). Subsequent trading routes brought the herb to the Western World, where its consumption reached significant levels, leading to prohibitions in certain situations, such as in 1764 when Emperor Napoleon of France, having encountered the plant during his Egyptian campaign, observed a decrease in combative behaviour among soldiers, prompting restrictions.
JURIDICAL REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL OFFICE OF WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT AND CHILD PROTECTION OF TULUNGAGUNG REGENCY IN PROVIDING PROTECTION TO WOMEN AND CHILDREN
Authors: Widowati  , Subadi
Published: August 2023

To be able to understand the understanding of childhood itself can be seen from various aspects of life so that it approaches the correct meaning, namely religious, economic, sociological, and legal aspects. Therefore, we want to focus on the implementation of the role of Social Service and the Empowerment of Women and Children of Tulungagung Regency Number 23 of 2017 concerning the Implementation of Women and Children Protection. The normative legal research method is one of the approaches used in legal research to analyze applicable legal regulations. This method focuses on analyzing legal sources, such as laws and regulations, court decisions, and other legal documents. Normative legal research methods make an important contribution to understanding and analyzing applicable legal regulations. This approach helps in building a solid legal argument, providing a deeper understanding of the existing legal framework. the role of Social Services and Women Children Empowerment and Women Children Empowerment and Women and Children Empowerment in this context: 1. Policy formulation: 2. Program coordination and implementation 3. Supervision and monitoring: 4. Service and assistance. 5. Education and socialization: The Social Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection only makes efforts to resolve reported cases of violations of children's rights 2) its role as a concept that the Social Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection of child victims of violence has run quite well by meeting existing standard operating procedures.
Disaster Risk Management Practices and Readiness among Selected Science Teachers: A Baseline Framework for Developing Disaster Management Plan"
Authors:   Associate Professor V, Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College Lemery Campus, Lemery, Iloilo, Cacho April Aura A. , Barniza Elsa Z. ,   Assistant Professor IV, Northern Iloilo State University, Lemery Campus, Lemery, Iloilo, Dasilao Jereza D. ,   Bachelor of Elementary Education, Northern Iloilo State University Lemery Campus, Lemery, Iloilo, De Tomas Jaica D. ,   Bachelor of Elementary Education, Northern Iloilo State University Lemery Campus, Lemery, Iloilo, Amaguin Miemie Lanie B. ,   Bachelor of Elementary Education, Northern Iloilo State University Lemery Campus, Lemery, Iloilo, Bermejo Rochelle A. ,   Bachelor of Elementary Education, Northern Iloilo State University Lemery Campus, Lemery, Iloilo
Published: August 2023

This qualitative-quantitative research study determined the level of implementation of disaster management practices and readiness for disaster among selected elementary schools in the district of Lemery. There were 48 respondents comprised of elementary teachers and school heads who were further grouped into sex, age, and position. Results revealed that as an entire group, the respondents described the effectiveness of disaster risk management practices in terms of mitigation as “as highly practiced, in terms of preparedness, it was also “highly practiced”, in terms of response, it was described as “highly practiced” and in terms of recovery and rehabilitation plan, it was “highly practiced”. No significant difference was noted effectiveness of the disaster risk management practices of selected elementary school in the district of Lemery as to prevention and mitigation, Disaster Preparedness, Response, recovery and rehabilitation plans as perceived by the respondents when grouped into sex, age and position. The elementary teachers were very much ready in having operational smoke detectors on every level outside the classroom , having operational smoke detectors on every level of the classroom, all learners capable how to use it, all your learners aware of the CPR, having 72-hour minimum disaster supplies on hand.
Digital Financial Literacy: Peer-To-Peer (P2P) Lending of Microenterprise in Cibuntu Village
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pancasila, Indonesia, Utami Khalida , Amyulianthy Rafrini ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pancasila, Indonesia, Astuti Tri ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pancasila, Indonesia, Primadana Azidan ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pancasila, Indonesia
Published: August 2023

The society began to look for information about Fintech Peer-To-Peer (P2P) Lending or online loans that became known to the public after news emerged of the rampant illegal online loan entanglements. Online loans are attached to a negative stigma, on the other hand online loan platforms are needed by the community. In line with the government's goals, the purpose of Community Service (PKM) activities is to increase understanding, insight, digital financial knowledge regarding Fintech P2P Lending for MSME groups in the Cibuntu Bekasi, South Tangerang West Java Indonesia. The material provided includes the development of Fintech P2P Lending in Indonesia. Second, explaining the benefits and risks and how to choose an online loan platform that is registered and licensed at the Financial Services Authority (OJK). Third, provide an explanation of the consequences and legal protection for ordinary people so they don't worry when facing legal problems with illegal online loan companies. Fourth, the existence of the Investment Alert Task Force which was formed by the government in the context of preventing and handling allegations of unlawful acts by illegal online loan companies. The hope of this activity is that the community and MSME actors can choose legal online loan platforms and avoid illegal online loan entanglements.
Avaliação do uso de resistógrafo para detecção não destrutiva da murcha-de-Ceratocystis em árvores de eucalipto
Authors:   , Moreira Neto Marlon Michel Antônio
Published: August 2023

Ceratocystis fimbriata é um fungo polífago que tem causado danos com perdas econômicas em várias espécies, dentre essas o eucalipto. A ocorrência da murcha-de-Ceratocystis em eucalipto no Brasil teve seu primeiro relato em 1997 e, atualmente, é uma das principais doenças da cultura. O método de identificação da doença consiste na observação dos sintomas, o que nem sempre é possível, uma vez que nem sempre plantas infectadas apresentam sintomas externos. O sintoma mais evidente da doença é a observação do escurecimento do lenho em manchas radiais cuja observação requer que o tronco seja seccionado inteiro ou parcialmente, matando a planta ou causando ferimentos que podem ocasionar outras doenças. A inexistência de métodos não destrutivos para a identificação e quantificação da doença dificulta a adoção de estratégias preditivas que minimizem as perdas ocasionadas pelo patógeno. O equipamento resistógrafo pode efetuar a mensuração da densidade básica das porções de lenho avaliadas, sem, no entanto, a necessidade de abate ou corte agressivo do lenho. Partindo das observações de literatura em que a doença pode reduzir a densidade básica da madeira em até 10%, foram efetuadas mensurações em 130 árvores em área infectada, sendo 30 para comparação de métodos de obtenção de densidade e 100 para avaliação do uso do equipamento para detecção da doença. Não houve diferença significativa entre a obtenção de densidade básica com uso do resistógrafo comparado com a balança hidrostática com densidade média de 483,9 kg/m3 e 480,9 kg/m3 respectivamente. Foram observadas baixas correlações -0,073, entre a diminuição da densidade básica e a colonização do lenho pela doença. As plantas sadias apresentaram densidade média de 492,66 kg/m 3 enquanto plantas doentes 488,89 kg/m3 não havendo diferença estatística entre os valores. O uso do resistógrafo não ofereceu informações suficientes que permitam a identificação da infecção por C. fimbriata em plantios antes da colheita. Palavras-Chave: Eucalipto. Murcha de Ceratocystis. Ceratocystis fimbriata. Resistógrafo.
Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Kepuasan Upah, dan Keadilan Organisasi terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Moderasi: Studi Kasus PT. Bank Muamalat KC Medan Balikota
Authors: Audina Dea Dara , Batubara Maryam , Jannah Nurul
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study (Case Study of Bank Muamalat KC Medan Balaikota) is to determine the effect of organizational honesty, satisfaction with salary and satisfaction of work on the employee’s turnover intent by using satisfaction by work as a moderator variable. The study was conducted on 35 employees, both as a population and as a sample. This study uses simple samples. The method of analysis is double regression. Double linear regression analysis is used in this study. The software used is SPSS 22. Thro the study, it has been demonstrated that wage satisfaction has a negative and significant impact on the workload and fairness within the organization, while wage satisfying has a positive and substantial impact on employee intentions for turnover and labor burden both negative and substancial.

Keywords: workload, salary satisfaction, fairness of organization, job satisfaction, turnover intention.
Analisis Pengembangan Desa Wisata Berbasis Digital Dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat Deli Serdang Dalam Kajian Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Hasibuan Devi Nadya , Ramadhani Sri , Harahap Rahmat Daim
Published: August 2023

Deli Serdang is a district that has natural beauty and cultural diversity that can attract tourists, one of which is the existence of a tourist village. A digital-based tourism village is a village that is managed and developed by utilizing technological developments. This research is qualitative research using interview and observation methods. This study aims to determine the "Development of a Digital-Based Tourism Village in Improving the Economy of the Deli Serdang Community in the Study of Islamic Economics". The results of the study show that in developing a tourist village the local government must cooperate with the community. One of the strategies is through coaching the community and developing it again by making the most of technology, and the government must always pay attention to the village. One example is completing facilities and infrastructure, and maintaining the cleanliness of the environment in tourist villages to support visitor activities so that visitors who come feel comfortable linger in the tourist village area. The concept of tourism in Islam is everything that is entirely framed in Islamic values in every activity and does not conflict with Islamic ethical values.

Keywords: tourism village, digital, community economy, Islamic economics
Peran Ekonomi Kreatif terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Pelaku Industri Kreatif Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam di Kota Medan
Authors: Azwina Rafika , Atika Atika , Dharma Budi
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine how the influence of the creative economy on employment and the increase in income of creative industry actors is perceived from the perspective of Islamic economics in the city of Medan by using descriptive qualitative. This study uses primary data from in-depth interviews with 20 creative industry business owners in the city of Medan. The creative economy sub-sector has a major contribution to the national economy, namely 7.44% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 14.28% of the workforce and 13.77% of exports. The results of this study indicate that the craft sector is the sector that absorbs the most labor and the creative economy can increase the income of creative industry players. The management of creative industry businesses is in accordance with an Islamic economic perspective because they not only seek profit but also carry out their spiritual aspects and provide benefits to consumers and no one feels disadvantaged.

Keywords: Creative Economy, Workforce, Income.