bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proteogenomic network analysis reveals dysregulated mechanisms and potential mediators in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Doostparast Torshizi Abolfazl , Truong Dongnhu T. , Hou Liping , Smets Bart , Whelan Christopher D. , Li Shuwei
Published: July 2024

Parkinson’s disease is highly heterogeneous across disease symptoms, clinical manifestations and progression trajectories, hampering the identification of therapeutic targets. Despite knowledge gleaned from genetics analysis, dysregulated proteome mechanisms stemming from genetic aberrations remain underexplored. In this study, we develop a three-phase system-level proteogenomic analytical framework to characterize disease-associated proteins and dysregulated mechanisms. Proteogenomic analysis identified 577 proteins that enrich for Parkinson’s disease-related pathways, such as cytokine receptor interactions and lysosomal function. Converging lines of evidence identified nine proteins, including LGALS3, CSNK2A1, SMPD3, STX4, APOA2, PAFAH1B3, LDLR, HSPB1, BRK1, with potential roles in disease pathogenesis. This study leverages the largest population-scale proteomics dataset, the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project, to characterize genetically-driven protein disturbances associated with Parkinson’s disease. Taken together, our work contributes to better understanding of genome-proteome dynamics in Parkinson’s disease and sets a paradigm to identify potential indirect mediators connected to GWAS signals for complex neurodegenerative disorders.
Just Energy Transition Partnerships and the future of coal
Authors: Ordonez Jose A. , Vandyck Toon , Keramidas Kimon , Garaffa Rafael , Weitzel Matthias
Published: July 2024

Recent climate diplomacy efforts have resulted in Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPs) with South Africa, Indonesia and Vietnam, mobilizing financial support for ambitious decarbonization targets. Here, to assess JETPs’ alignment with global climate targets, we conduct a model-based assessment of JETPs’ energy and emissions targets. Results show greater alignment with a global 1.5 °C trajectory, indicating a promising route for international collaboration to keep Paris Agreement goals within reach.
Economic evaluation of diagnosis and treatment for latent tuberculosis infection among contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Thailand
Authors: Yoopetch Panida , Wu Olivia , Jittikoon Jiraphun , Thavorncharoensap Montarat , Youngkong Sitaporn , Praditsitthikorn Naiyana , Mahasirimongkol Surakameth , Anothaisintawee Thunyarat , Udomsinprasert Wanvisa , Chaikledkaew Usa
Published: July 2024

Currently, interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is costly and not included as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening test strategy in Thailand’s Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS) benefit package. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-utility of LTBI screening strategies among tuberculosis (TB) contacts in Thailand. A hybrid decision tree and Markov model was developed to compare the lifetime costs and health outcomes of tuberculin skin test (TST) and IGRA, in comparison to no screening, based on a societal perspective. Health outcomes were the total number of TB cases averted and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), with results presented as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to explore uncertainties in all parameters. The ICER of TST compared with no screening was 27,645 baht per QALY gained, while that of IGRA compared to TST was 851,030 baht per QALY gained. In a cohort of 1000 TB contacts, both TST and IGRA strategies could avert 282 and 283 TB cases, respectively. At the Thai societal willingness-to-pay threshold of 160,000 baht per QALY gained, TST was deemed cost-effective, whereas IGRA would not be cost-effective, unless the cost of IGRA was reduced to 1,434 baht per test.
l-Tryptophan-based pyrene conjugate for intracellular zinc-guided excimer emission and controlled nano-assembly
Authors: Asthana Surabhi , Maddeshiya Tarkeshwar , Tamrakar Arpna , Kumar Praveen , Garg Neha , Pandey Mrituanjay D.
Published: July 2024

Intracellular zinc-induced excimer emission and tuning of supramolecular nano-assembly of l-tryptophan-pyrene conjugate (1) have been described.
Electron-driven molecular processes for cyanopolyacetylenes HC2n+1N (n = 3, 4, and 5)
Authors: Mer Pinal , Limbachiya Chetan
Published: July 2024

Relative electron induced processes for linear carbon series cyanopolyacetylenes (HC2n+1N) (n = 3, 4, and 5) which are astromolecules.
Ru-nanoparticles supported on zeolite-Y for ortho-benzylation of phenols and activation of H2O2 for selective synthesis of BINOLs
Authors: Biswas Subir , Barman Dipankar , Dutta Priyanka , Gour Nand K. , Lee Seonghwan , Kim Donguk , Park Young-Bin , Bora Tonmoy J. , Devi Arpita , Khanam Salma A. , Saikia Lakshi , Karunakar Galla V. , Zaki Magdi E. A. , Bania Kusum K.
Published: July 2024

A Ru-based nanocatalyst supported on zeolite-NaY for superior ortho-selective benzylation of phenols and oxidative C–C coupling of naphthols using H2O2.
Efficient catalytic direct C–H hydroxylation of benzene by graphite-supported μ-nitrido-bridged iron phthalocyanine dimer
Authors: Yamada Yasuyuki , Uno Yoshiki , Teoh Chee-Ming , Ohkita Hirotaka , Toyoda Yuka , Sakata Akiko , Hitomi Yutaka , Tanaka Kentaro
Published: July 2024

Benzene was efficiently hydroxylated directly into phenol at room temperature in an acidic aqueous solution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide by using a graphite-supported μ-nitrido-bridged iron phthalocyanine dimer as a catalyst.
Construction and characterization of stable multi-species biofilms formed by nine core gut bacteria on wheat fiber
Authors: Zhang Ting , Xiao Yue , Wang Hongchao , Zhu Jinlin , Lu Wenwei , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei
Published: July 2024

Nine core gut bacteria (M9) can successfully form stable and complex multi-species biofilms on wheat fiber through a dynamic fermentation method.
Effect of length and functionality of the linker between the main chain and the chiral pendant on the helical nature of chiral poly(ionic liquids)
Authors: Tilottama Baisakhi , Vijayakrishna Kari
Published: July 2024

Chain length and the functionality of the linker between a chiral pendant and the main chain in vinylic chiral polymers play a crucial role in achieving their “helical sense”.
Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine dye by hydrothermally synthesized graphene nanodots (GNDs): investigation of kinetics and thermodynamics
Authors: Jamil Saba , Afzal Rabia , Khan Shanza Rauf , Shabbir Mehwish , Alhokbany Norah , Li Songnan , Saeed Ashraf Janjua Muhammad Ramzan
Published: July 2024

All the data have been shared in the manuscript. However, the data are also available on request via email from the corresponding author.
More is different: progressive β-thiolation induced-porphyrin aggregation switches singlet oxygen photosensitization
Authors: Zhu Mengliang , Zhang Hang , Yao Yuhang , Wen Mingpu , Ran Guangliu , Yu Yi , Zhang Ruijing , Liang Xing-Jie , Zhang Jing , Zhang Wenkai , Zhang Jun-Long
Published: July 2024

Progressive β-thiolation-induced porphyrin aggregation leads to different energy dissipation pathways at the excited states, switching 1O2 photosensitization.
Catalytic resonance theory: the catalytic mechanics of programmable ratchets
Authors: Murphy Madeline A. , Gathmann Sallye R. , Getman Rachel , Grabow Lars , Abdelrahman Omar A. , Dauenhauer Paul J.
Published: July 2024

Catalytic reaction networks of multiple elementary steps operating under dynamic conditions via a programmed input oscillation are difficult to interpret and optimize due to reaction system complexity.
Low thermal quenching of metal halide-based metal–organic framework phosphor for light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yang Xiao-Gang , Chen Ying-Jun , Yin Pei-Pei , Li Yan , Yang Shu-Yao , Li Yi-Man , Ma Lu-Fang
Published: July 2024

A green MOF phosphor can maintain 84% of its initial emission intensity after being heated to 150 °C, exceeding several commercial inorganic phosphors.
Adipose tissue-liver cross-talk: a route to hepatic dysfunction in pregnant women with obesity
Authors: Sousa Diana , Magalhães Carina C. , Matafome Paulo , Pereira Susana P.
Published: July 2024

Obesity during pregnancy has been escalating, becoming a huge problem that poses consequences not only for the health of the offspring but also for the maternal well-being. Women’s adipose and hepatic tissue metabolism undergoes significant changes during the gestational period. During pregnancy, obesity is a primary instigator of steatosis, increasing the risk of non-alcholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now recognized under the updated nomenclature metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Pregnant women with obesity present higher levels of free fatty acids and glucose, reduction in insulin sensitivity, and adipose tissue endocrine dysregulation. Furthermore, obesity-induced modifications in clock genes and lipid-associated gene expression within adipose tissue disrupt crucial metabolic adaptations, potentially culminating in adipose tissue dysfunction. Thus, the liver experiences increased exposure to free fatty acids through the portal vein. Higher uptake of free fatty acids into the liver disrupts hepatic lipid oxidation while enhances lipogenesis, thereby predisposing to ectopic fat deposition within the liver. This review focuses on the obesity-induced changes during pregnancy in both liver and adipose tissue metabolism, elucidating how the metabolic crosstalk between these two organs can be dysregulated in pregnant women living with obesity.
Development of a framework for assessing train passengers' post‐boarding behaviours based on their perceptions
Authors: Yang Jie , Shiwakoti Nirajan , Tay Richard
Published: July 2024

While existing literature has focused on modelling pedestrian movement on platforms, there is a lack of understanding of passengers' perceptions, motivations, and influential factors that shape their on‐board behaviours and choices. This study developed a conceptual framework to assess passengers' post‐boarding behaviours and perceptions, specifically focusing on their actions and choices inside the train carriages. The conceptual framework was tested through survey data of 429 passengers in Melbourne, Australia. The result shows that door access is the most influential factor when passengers choose where to stand or sit on board, followed by comfort, safety, privacy, and random factors. Furthermore, the study explores the relationship between the post‐boarding behaviour variables and travellers’ personal and trip characteristic variables. The analysis shows that carrying large items has a more significant effect on many post‐boarding behaviour variables. Gender, age group, travel frequency, waiting time, and carrying small items also play significant roles. However, variables such as travel time and frequency of group travel have lesser effects. These novel findings offer valuable insights, laying the groundwork for future modelling activities. Moreover, the understanding derived from passenger perceptions can guide transport agencies and operators in shaping strategies to improve onboard services.
Adaptive fixed‐time fault‐tolerant fuzzy control of AUVs with asymmetric output constraints
Authors: Li Xiaojia , Qin Hongde , Guo Zhongbao , Xue Yifan
Published: July 2024

The fast and safe formation tracking problem for multiple autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) systems (MAUVS) with asymmetric output constraints and actuator faults is studied in this article. Actuator faults are composed of loss of effectiveness and time‐varying unknown bias faults, an adaptive fixed‐time fault‐tolerant controller (AFFTC) is designed by employing fixed‐time stable theory and fuzzy logic systems. Under the designed control algorithm, the MAUVS can be practically fixed‐time stable, the tracking errors among the follower AUVs and the virtual leader AUV can converge to a small area near the origin within the fixed time, and the settling time is unaffected by the initial state of the system. To enhance the safety of MAUVS, a novel asymmetric barrier function is utilized to constrain the trajectory tracking errors within the prescribed range. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.
Shoulder Rotation Affects Trapezius Muscle Activity During Shoulder
Horizontal Abduction
Authors: Yu Ilyoung , Kang Minhyeok
Published: July 2024

Shoulder horizontal abduction exercise in the prone position is effective for
strengthening the lower trapezius muscle. However, this exercise is difficult
for patients with acute pain or those undergoing initial rehabilitation because
of the postural characteristics of the exercise. This study aimed to (1)
investigate the effect of a shoulder horizontal abduction exercise when
performed with a different amount of shoulder rotation on the trapezius muscle
activation and scapular anterior/posterior tilt angle and (2) evaluate the
effect of shoulder rotation on the acromiohumeral distance while sitting.
Fifteen healthy men performed shoulder horizontal abduction exercise in three
shoulder positions (internal rotation, neutral rotation, and external rotation).
During exercises, we measured trapezius muscle activity using an
electromyography system and scapular anterior/posterior tilt angle using an
inclinometer application. We also measured the acromiohumeral distance using
real-time ultrasonography before the exercises. Increases in lower trapezius and
middle trapezius muscle activities and a decrease in scapular anterior tilt
occurred in shoulder external rotation compared with other positions
(p<0.001). Shoulder external rotation also significantly increased
acromiohumeral distance in the sitting position (p<0.05). We propose that
shoulder external rotation effectively and safely increases middle and lower
trapezius muscle activities during the sitting shoulder horizontal abduction
exercise.
Thyroid scintigraphy: establishing a clinically useful normal range for 99mTc pertechnetate uptake
Authors: Grunert Michael , Schenke Simone Agnes , Konrad Andrea , Schütze Christina , Förster Stefan , Klemenz Burkhard , Stahl Alexander R.
Published: July 2024

Purpose This study aims to establish a normal range for the thyroid uptake derived from 99mTc pertechnetate scans. In particular, variations of uptake with TSH stimulation and other factors such as urinary iodine concentration are taken into account and compared with the calculation of a raw uptake value.

Methods Clinical multicentric (center A, B and C) prospective study on 125 consecutive healthy patients undergoing thyroid scans for thyroid nodules. Normal functional thyroid status was assured by normal TSH, normal thyroid size, no thyroid antibodies and no symptoms of thyroid functional disorders. Calculations of raw Tc-uptake (uptake) and modified uptake values regarding current TSH value (uptakeTSH1), urinary iodine concentration (uptakeTSH1&uic), gland volume, age, smoking status, weight and tissue thickness ventral to the thyroid were performed.

Results There is a positive correlation of thyroid uptake with TSH allowing for the calculation of a normalized uptake value (uptakeTSH1). The normal range for uptakeTSH1 compares favourable to that for raw uptake in that it yields a clear distinction from thyroid functional disorders. The additional normalization for urinary iodine concentration (uptakeTSH1&uic) may even improve the distinctive power whereas further normalizations such as for gland volume, age and others are not warranted by this study. The 95% CI of uptakeTSH1 for sites A, A&B, and A&B&C were 0.21%–2.06%, 0.22%–2.38% and 0.24%–2.40%.

Conclusion A normal range for the thyroid uptake can be established with respect to the current TSH stimulation. This normalization (uptakeTSH1) overcomes the drawback of raw uptake by yielding a clinically useful parameter with obviously high distinctive power against functional thyroid disorders.
The Unusual Presentation of Bilateral Proptosis Presents a Dilemma in the Case of Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Authors: Gohatre Himanshu , Ambike Deepali , Deo Garima Singh , Kulkarni Rajesh , Patil Tushar
Published: July 2024

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm. It is a rare pediatric neoplasm occurring in early childhood. Herein, we present a case of JMML in a 4-year-old girl admitted for primary complaints of protrusion of eyes and fever for the past 15 days not responding to any medications. With findings of splenomegaly and peripheral blood smear showing severe leukocytosis and increased monocytoid and blast cells, a myelomonocytic series neoplasm was suspected. Abelson (Abl) tyrosine kinase gene break point cluster (Bcr) gene (BCR-ABL1) was found to be negative on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Taking into consider all these findings, the patient was diagnosed with JMML. Since hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is not offered at our hospital, the patient was referred to another medical facility for the required procedure. This case highlights that bilateral proptosis could be a primary finding in early cases of JMML and should not be missed.
Nilpotent global centers of generalized polynomial Kukles system with degree three
Authors: Chen Hebai , Feng Zhaosheng , Zhang Rui
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we study and characterize the nilpotent global centers of a generalized polynomial Kukles system with degree three. A sufficient and necessary condition of global centers is established under certain parametric conditions.
Neuroimmune circuits in the plaque and bone marrow regulate atherosclerosis
Authors: Gerhardt Teresa , Huynh Pacific , McAlpine Cameron S
Published: July 2024

Atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of death globally. Although its focal pathology is atheroma that develops in arterial walls, atherosclerosis is a systemic disease involving contributions by many organs and tissues. It is now established that the immune system causally contributes to all phases of atherosclerosis. Recent and emerging evidence positions the nervous system as a key modulator of inflammatory processes that underlie atherosclerosis. This neuroimmune cross-talk, we are learning, is bidirectional, and immune-regulated afferent signalling is becoming increasingly recognized in atherosclerosis. Here, we summarize data and concepts that link the immune and nervous systems in atherosclerosis by focusing on two important sites, the arterial vessel and the bone marrow.
Quistclose trusts and green projects
Authors: Arvidsson Christopher
Published: July 2024

This article analyses the relevance of Quistclose trusts in a situation in which lenders make green finance available to borrowers for environmentally sound and sustainable projects. This examination highlights how a transaction can be structured to increase the likelihood of such a trust being recognised. This article will also consider green loans (as defined by the Loan Market Association) since these loans have characteristics that can indicate the presence of a Quistclose trust. Beyond the practical aspects of creating a trust, the article explores whether a Quistclose trust can be useful when money is lent for green projects. It is possible to question if Quistclose trusts can motivate borrowers to be more conscious of how they use the loan money. In particular, the article discusses whether the fiduciary duty regarding the use of the funds can strengthen the integrity of certain loans.
Epigenetics and aging: relevance for sleep medicine
Authors: Cortese Rene
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review

Sleep disorders encompass a wide range of conditions with substantial individual variability. Epigenetics, the study of heritable changes beyond DNA sequence, offers a promising avenue for personalized medicine in this field.

Recent findings

There is great potential of epigenetic markers for sleep disorder diagnosis and the development of epigenetic drugs for targeted treatment. Epigenetic age acceleration, a marker of biological aging, is linked to sleep disorders and comorbidities. Very importantly, this acceleration may be reversible with effective treatment.

While the underlying mechanisms and assessment of clinical utility require further investigation, the potential of epigenetics in sleep medicine is recognized. Future research focused on closing knowledge gaps and clinical validation is crucial to translate these findings into practical applications, paving the way for more effective and personalized management of sleep disorders.
Systematic review with network meta-analysis: sustained hepatitis B surface antigen clearance after pegylated interferon cessation
Authors: Zhang Ying , Lin Xiaoyu , Wu Huizhen , Chen Jing , Zheng Qi
Published: July 2024

The efficacy of different pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) treatment strategies for achieving sustained hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains controversial. This study assesses the efficacy of different PEG-IFN treatment regimens and factors influencing sustained HBsAg clearance after PEG-IFN discontinuation. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to June 2023, regarding PEG-IFN therapy in CHB. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. We explored sources of heterogeneity through univariate meta-regression. Frequentist network meta-analyses were used to compare the efficacy of different PEG-IFN treatment strategies. We analyzed 53 studies (including 9338 CHB patients). After PEG-IFN withdrawal, the annual rates of HBsAg clearance and seroconversion were 6.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.10–9.31] and 4.7% (95% CI, 2.94–7.42). The pooled 1-, 3-, and 5-year sustained HBsAg clearance rates were 7.4%, 9.9%, and 13.0%, and the sustained HBsAg seroconversion rates were 6.6%, 4.7%, and 7.8%, respectively. HBsAg quantification, hepatitis B e antigen status, and PEG-IFN treatment protocols were major sources of heterogeneity. Baseline HBsAg quantification was significantly lower in patients with sustained HBsAg clearance versus those without (P < 0.046). PEG-IFN combined with tenofovir has the highest probability of achieving HBsAg seroconversion (surface under the cumulative ranking of 81.9%). Sustained HBsAg clearance increased approximately linearly from years 1 to 5 after PEG-IFN discontinuation. Low baseline HBsAg quantification has a significant impact on sustained HBsAg clearance. PEG-IFN combined with tenofovir may be optimal in achieving sustained HBsAg seroconversion.
Six novel species of the genus Methanoculleus isolated from various environments in Taiwan
Authors: Lai Shu-Jung , Lai Mei-Chin , Lin Saulwood , You Yi-Ting , Wei Wen-Hsin , Chen Yu-Wei , Lan Zih-Han , Fan Chia-Hsiu , Wu Sue-Yao , Hung Chuan-Chuan , Ding Jiun-Yan , Zhang Wei-Ling , Deng Yu-Chen , Lee Yu-Chien , Shih Chao-Jen , Wu Yen-Chi , Zhao Jingjing , Li Yin , Chen Sheng-Chung
Published: July 2024

Taiwan is situated in the subtropical region and its geographical location and topographical features contribute to a rich ecological diversity and scenic landscapes. We investigated the diversity of methanogens in different environments of Taiwan using a culture-dependent method. This report presents the characterization and taxonomy of six hydrogenotrophic methanogens obtained from cold seep sediments (strain FWC-SCC1T and FWC-SCC3T), marine sediments (strain CWC-02T and YWC-01T), estuarine sediments (strain Afa-1T), and a hot spring well (strain Wushi-C6T) in Taiwan. The proposed names of the six novel species are Methanoculleus frigidifontis (type strain FWC-SCC1T=BCRC AR10056T=NBRC 113993T), Methanoculleus oceani (CWC-02T=BCRC AR10055T=NBRC 113992T), Methanoculleus methanifontis (FWC-SCC3T=BCRC AR10057T=NBRC 113994T), Methanoculleus nereidis (YWC-01T=BCRC AR10060T=NBRC 114597T), Methanoculleus formosensis (Afa-1T=BCRC AR10054T=NBRC 113995T), and Methanoculleus caldifontis (Wushi-06T=BCRC AR10059T= NBRC 114596T).
Integrating the value–belief–norm model and the theory of planned behavior for explaining consumers’ purchase intention of suboptimal food
Authors: Chen Mei-Fang
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Many studies have demonstrated that consumers tend to reject “suboptimal foods” (SF), despite the foods being suitable for human consumption. This study integrated the value–belief–norm (VBN) model and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to analyze Taiwanese consumers’ purchase intention of SF and the factors that influence it, including values, beliefs, personal norms, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The integrated model also considered the influences of consumers’ “motivations to reduce food waste” and “situational factors.”

Design/methodology/approach

We surveyed 308 Taiwanese consumers by using an online Google Forms questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was performed to investigate the proposed integrated model.

Findings

The empirical results indicated that the integrated VBN and TPB model had high exploratory power for explaining consumers’ purchase intention of SF. Additionally, it revealed consumers’ personal norms and their motivations to reduce food waste to determine their attitude toward purchasing SF.

Originality/value

In addition to establishing an integrated VBN and TPB model, this study considered other factors that may influence consumers’ attitude toward purchasing SF. Our findings contribute to the understanding of Taiwanese consumers’ attitude toward and purchase intention of SF and identify relevant influencing factors. Our findings can be applied to foster appreciation among consumers toward SF and persuade them to purchase SF.
Stakeholders’ perceptions of occupational competency assessment and certification systems in Ethiopia’s TVET programs
Authors: Tekle Ashebir , Areaya Solomon , Habtamu Getachew
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This research aims to explore stakeholder perspectives on Ethiopia’s occupational competency assessment and certification systems.

Design/methodology/approach

The study utilized a mixed-methods strategy within a concurrent embedded design and adopted a pragmatic perspective. Data collection involved questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions, selecting respondents via purposive sampling for their significant experience and deep understanding of competency assessment. Analytical methods included descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as narrative techniques.

Findings

There is a generally positive perception of the value of competency assessments. However, the study finds several major limitations: inadequate candidate competency assessment, lack of skill gap analysis in TVET institutions for improved training, failure to maintain assessment standards, a high candidate-to-assessor ratio, and assessment tools that do not meet occupational standards. These issues show that the existing method misjudges TVET candidates' skills. To increase employer acceptance of competency assessments, the Center of Competence (CoC) agencies should integrate industry expertise, highlight their benefits, and emphasize the importance of training quality and career goals for candidates and trainers.

Practical implications

A study reveals that African nations like Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Rwanda, Morocco, Benin, and Senegal have been implementing competency-based training (CBT) for around two decades, with support from countries like Canada, France, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Australia, Luxembourg, and Japan. However, the programs are often inconsistent and disorganized, with little private sector participation. There is a significant difference between the goals of quality assurance entities and the resources allocated. Although competency assessment is a fundamental part of CBT, there is a lack of research demonstrating its practice. Therefore, we conducted this research in Ethiopia, the second most densely populated nation in Africa. The results apply to other comparable nations implementing CBT programs (IIEP-UNESCO, 2021).

Originality/value

The research on stakeholders' perceptions of competency assessment is still in its early stages, with most studies focusing on training quality-related issues. This study expands on our knowledge of occupational competency assessment by analyzing perspectives from a comprehensive stakeholder perspective, considering contextualized assessment practices, addressing stakeholder needs, providing practical implications, and identifying future research directions. Furthermore, it offers valuable perspectives on developing competency-based education in Africa and other regions.
The influence of consumer confusion on the repurchase intentions of hotel guests: the role of brand loyalty and customer satisfaction
Authors: Baykal Muhammed , Yazıcı Ayyıldız Ahu , Koc Erdogan
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the influence of customer satisfaction and brand loyalty on hotel guests’ repurchase intentions when they experience consumer confusion.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative research method was used in the study and the data were collected through a survey. A survey was used to collect data from 406 hotel guests staying at four and five-star hotels. The structural equation model was used to test the influence of consumer confusion on hotel guests’ repurchase intentions.

Findings

The findings of the study show that while consumer confusion has a negative effect on hotel guests’ repurchase intentions, customer satisfaction and brand loyalty have a positive influence on their repurchase intentions. Customer satisfaction and brand loyalty tend to have a partial mediating role in the relationship between consumer confusion and repurchase intention.

Practical implications

The findings show the need for the hotel management to provide simple, concise, yet sufficient information enabling tourists to differentiate their offerings to reduce confusion.

Originality/value

Previous research has largely neglected the role of guests’ loyalty and satisfaction with the hotel brand. This research shows that guests’ loyalty and satisfaction with the hotel brand play an important role in terms of the repurchase intention and in reducing confusion.
The role of telemedicine during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic: shaping our future health organisations and practices
Authors: Sebai Jihane , Leslie Wendy , Lichy Jessica
Published: July 2024

Purpose

In France, telemedicine was integrated into the Code of Public Health in 2009, but adoption and use were slow until the beginning of the COVID-19 health crisis, when telemedicine arguably became the only way to ensure continuity of care for non-COVID patients, reduce viral transmission and streamline strained medical resources. Despite growing enthusiasm, criticism persists.

Design/methodology/approach

User satisfaction will be essential for the sustainability and development of telemedicine, yet this remains an under-researched area. Framed by the first lockdown in France (March–May 2020), this two-step mixed-methods study uses secondary quantitative data (n users = 2,511; n doctors = 254; n nurses = 248) and primary qualitative interviews (n = 5) among healthcare professionals and patients in France to analyse satisfaction levels among telemedicine users. Implementing an inductive approach, it identifies key themes in the adoption and use of telemedicine, the impact on user satisfaction and evolution in perceptions over time.

Findings

The findings contribute to the literature by identifying and explaining the shift in telemedicine practices and offering recommendations for addressing ongoing obstacles through pragmatic strategies.

Originality/value

This research addresses a gap in knowledge to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the uptake, perception and satisfaction of telemedicine experienced by users. Recognising telemedicine as a complex innovation in conceptual and practical terms, this paper investigates the degree of acceptance among users and the process of assimilation in the system.
Unleashing the role of knowledge absorptive capacity and relationship quality: exploring the outcomes of digital supply chain transformation in new norms
Authors: Al-Omoush Khaled Saleh
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the potential role of supply chain digital transformation on collaborative knowledge creation, supply chain innovation, and value co-creation in new norms. It also examines the impact of collaborative knowledge creation and supply chain innovation on value co-creation. Furthermore, the study examines the impact of collaborative knowledge creation on supply chain innovation. Finally, it investigates the possible mediating role of knowledge absorptive capacity and relationship quality in shaping these interactions.

Design/methodology/approach

To establish the empirical part of this study, the collection of data involved distributing a questionnaire to 247 managers working in manufacturing companies. The measurement model assessment and hypothesis testing were performed employing the PLS-SEM approach.

Findings

The findings indicate that supply chain digital transformation significantly impacts collaborative knowledge creation, supply chain innovation, and value co-creation. This study also confirms the significant impact of collaborative knowledge creation on supply chain innovation and value co-creation. Furthermore, it reveals that knowledge absorptive capacity mediates the impact of supply chain digital transformation on collaborative knowledge creation. It also shows that the impact of collaborative knowledge creation on supply chain innovation and value co-creation is mediated by relationship quality among participants.

Originality/value

The findings of this study make significant contributions to academic theory, existing literature, and the scholarly community within the realms of supply chain management, innovation, knowledge management, and value co-creation. It also offers practical implications for managers to strategically navigate the evolving norms of supply chain management. Companies can use these insights to improve their innovation processes and knowledge management, while policymakers can consider the study's findings when developing supportive frameworks for the manufacturing sector.
Sustainable financial inclusion in Nigeria: a need to go beyond access to impact
Authors: Udohaya Nse , Fifield Suzanne G.M.
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to evaluate the processes and strategies of Nigerian banks towards achieving financial inclusion and offer recommendations for policies that can lead to effective and sustainable financial inclusion.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper conducts semi-structured interviews with senior executives of Nigerian banks to investigate their financial inclusion policies and practices.

Findings

This paper highlighted Nigerian banks’ views on dimensions that measure financial inclusion and found that they recognise that they play a pivotal role in providing access to formal financial services; however, their efforts to promote financial inclusion are provider-focused rather than customer-focused; they are keen to promote financial services usage; however, very little attention is paid to customer outcomes; financial inclusion is viewed as synonymous with access and innovations are not aiming for impact; and the sector is plagued with infrastructural challenges that breach service quality.

Originality/value

This paper reports on the practices of Nigerian banks towards financial inclusion and provides recommendations for rethinking sustainable financial inclusion. To date, this issue has not been investigated in the substantive literature. Nigeria is an ideal research site for examining financial inclusion. In recent years, the banking sector has made rapid strides in implementing policies to promote the adoption and usage of formal financial services. However, over half of the country’s adult population remains outside the formal financial system.
The dark side of customer experiences in fast-food industry: exploring the intersection of physical environment, emotions and customer retention
Authors: Samsa Caglar
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study examines the impact of physical environmental factors on customer retention in fast-food restaurants/cafeterias. Furthermore, this study examines the mediating effect of customers’ positive emotions on this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the stimulus-organism-response model developed by Mehrabian and Russell (1974) is applied within the context of the fast-food restaurant/cafeteria industry. Data were collected from a sample of 250 consumers who have patronized establishments within this industry. The assessment model entailed employing the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach, which involved a two-stage procedure: measurement model and structural model evaluation.

Findings

The study’s results underscore the key role of customer positive emotions in influencing customer retention. Notably, physical environmental factors, encompassing elements like table setting, layout, and service staff, emerge as significant determinants in shaping these positive emotions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that these physical environmental factors exert a direct influence on customer retention, with customer positive emotions acting as mediator role in the relationship between these factors and retention.

Originality/value

This study is the first to use physical environment, customer emotions and customer retention variables together in the fast food restaurant/cafeteria industry.
Ignoring within‐flower self‐fertilization and inbreeding depression biases estimates of selection on floral traits in a perennial alpine herb
Authors: Chen Kai‐Hsiu , Pannell John R.
Published: July 2024

Within‐flower self‐pollination should be the major source of self‐fertilization in mixed‐mating species that present single or few flowers simultaneously. It is also an often unmeasured source of selfing in species with many flowers open simultaneously. In self‐compatible species in which pistil and stamen numbers vary, the rate of within‐flower selfing should depend on the number of pistils and stamens, the timing of flowering and the morphology of subsidiary floral traits. The intensity and direction of selection on these traits should thus also depend on the level of inbreeding depression.

Here, we measured the dependence of the within‐flower selfing rate on floral sex allocation, phenology, petal length and floral stalk height in a population of the perennial herb Pulsatilla alpina (Ranunculaceae) in which most individuals had single flowers. We estimated inbreeding depression in the population by comparing inbreeding coefficients between parents and seed progeny using microsatellite markers. We then estimated selection on the measured traits via female reproductive success at the flower level and compared our estimates with a hypothetical scenario in which inbreeding depression was assumed to be absent.

Inbreeding depression was estimated to be severe (0.95). The within‐flower selfing rate varied widely among flowers and depended positively on stamen number and negatively on pistil number and flowering date, supporting the predictions of a mass‐action model. The dependence of the selfing rate on the measured floral traits consistently predicted (non‐linear) patterns of selection under high inbreeding depression that were distinct from those under a hypothetical scenario of no inbreeding depression.

Synthesis. While previous research has emphasized the importance of mass‐action mating on selfing among flowers of plants with large floral displays, our results demonstrate its importance for selfing within individual flowers. They also demonstrate the importance of accounting for both the selfing rate and inbreeding depression when inferring selection on floral and other traits via female fitness.
A mesophilic relative of common glacier algae, Ancylonema palustre sp. nov., provides insights into the induction of vacuolar pigments in zygnematophytes
Authors: Busch Anna , Slominski Emilia , Remias Daniel , Procházková Lenka , Hess Sebastian
Published: July 2024

The green algae of the genus Ancylonema, which belong to the zygnematophytes, are prevalent colonizers of glaciers worldwide. They display a striking reddish‐brown pigmentation in their natural environment, due to vacuolar compounds related to gallic acid. This pigmentation causes glacier darkening when these algae bloom, leading to increased melting rates. The Ancylonema species known so far are true psychrophiles, which hinders experimental work and limits our understanding of these algae. For instance, the biosynthesis, triggering factors, and biological function of Ancylonema's secondary pigments remain unknown. In this study, we introduce a mesophilic Ancylonema species, A. palustre sp. nov., from temperate moorlands. This species forms the sister lineage to all known psychrophilic strains. Despite its morphological similarity to the latter, it exhibits unique autecological and photophysiological characteristics. It allows us to describe vegetative and sexual cellular processes in great detail. We also conducted experimental tests for abiotic factors that induce the secondary pigments of zygnematophytes. We found that low nutrient conditions combined with ultraviolet B radiation result in vacuolar pigmentation, suggesting a sunscreen function. Our thriving, bacteria‐free cultures of Ancylonema palustre will enable comparative genomic studies of mesophilic and extremophilic zygnematophytes. These studies may provide insights into how Ancylonema species colonized the world's glaciers.
Microdiversity in marine pelagic ammonia‐oxidizing archaeal populations in a Mediterranean long‐read metagenome
Authors: Suárez‐Moo Pablo , Haro‐Moreno Jose M. , Rodriguez‐Valera Francisco
Published: July 2024

The knowledge of the different population‐level processes operating within a species, and the genetic variability of the individual prokaryotic genomes, is key to understanding the adaptability of microbial populations. Here, we characterized the flexible genome of ammonia‐oxidizing archaeal (AOA) populations using a metagenomic recruitment approach and long‐read (PacBio HiFi) metagenomic sequencing. In the lower photic zone of the western Mediterranean Sea (75 m deep), the genomes Nitrosopelagicus brevis CN25 and Nitrosopumilus catalinensis SPOT1 had the highest recruitment values among available complete AOA genomes. They were used to analyse the diversity of flexible genes (variable from strain to strain) by examining the long‐reads located within the flexible genomic islands (fGIs) identified by their under‐recruitment. Both AOA genomes had a large fGI involved in the glycosylation of exposed structures, highly variable, and rich in glycosyltransferases. N. brevis had two fGIs related to the transport of phosphorus and ammonium respectively. N. catalinensis had fGIs involved in phosphorus transportation and metal uptake. A fGI5 previously reported as ‘unassigned function’ in N. brevis could be associated with defense. These findings demonstrate that the microdiversity of marine microbe populations, including AOA, can be effectively characterized using an approach that incorporates third‐generation sequencing metagenomics.
Genesis of LCT Pegmatites during Early Paleozoic Orogeny of the North Qinling Orogenic Belt, China: Emplacement Conditions and Structural Control
Authors: CEN Jubiao , FENG Yonggang , LIANG Ting , WANG Mengxi , ZHANG Jianxin , TAN Xijuan , ZHANG Jie , GAO Jinggang , HE Lei
Published: July 2024

The Guanpo pegmatite field in the North Qinling orogenic belt (NQB), China, hosts the most abundant LCT pegmatites. However, their emplacement conditions and structural control remain unexplored. In this contribution, we investigated it combining pegmatite orientation measurement with oxygen isotope geothermometry and fluid inclusion study. The orientations of type A1 pegmatites (Pf < σ2) are predominantly influenced by P‐ and T‐fractures due to simple shearing in Shiziping dextral thrust shear zone during D2 deformation, whereas type A2 pegmatites (contemporaneous with D4) are governed by hydraulic fractures aligned with S0 and S0+1 stemming from fluid pressure (Pf <σ2). Additionally, type B pegmatites (Pf ≤ σ2) exhibit orientations shaped by en echelon extensional fractures in local ductile shear zones (contemporaneous with D3). The albite‐quartz oxygen isotope geothermometry and microthermometric analysis of fluid inclusions in elbaites from the latest pegmatites (including types B and A2) suggest that the crystallization P‐T for late magmatic and hydrothermal stages are 527.5–559.2°C, 320°C, 3.1–3.6 kbar and 2.0 kbar, respectively. Our observations along with previous studies suggest that the genesis of the LCT pegmatites was a long‐term, multi‐stage event during early Paleozoic orogeny (including the collision stage) of the NQB, and was facilitated by various local fractures.
Genesis of the Jianbeigou Gold Deposit on the Southern Margin of the North China Craton: Insights from Fluid Inclusions, H‐O‐S Isotopes, and Pyrite in situ Trace Element Analyses
Authors: LI Fengchun , ZENG Qingdong , ZHU Rixiang , CHU Shaoxiong , XIE Wei , YU Bing , WU Jinjian , LI Xinghui
Published: July 2024

The Jianbeigou gold deposit is a typical lode gold deposit in the Qinling metallogenic belt, located on the southern margin of the North China Craton. Three stages of the hydrothermal process can be distinguished, including the quartz ± pyrite, quartz‐polymetallic sulfide, and quartz‐carbonate ± pyrite stages. From the early to late stages, the homogenization temperatures of primary fluid inclusions are 281–362°C, 227–331°C, and 149–261°C, respectively. The corresponding salinities estimated for these fluids are 3.9–9.9 wt%, 0.4–9.4 wt%, and 0.7–7.2 wt% NaCl equiv. Combined with laser Raman spectroscopy data, the ore‐forming fluid belongs to a H2O‐CO2‐NaCl ± CH4 system with medium–low temperature and salinity. The δ18Ofluid and δD values for the quartz veins are –1.0‰ to 6.0‰ and –105‰ to –84‰, respectively, which indicates that the ore‐forming fluid is of mixed source, mainly derived from magma, with a contribution from meteoric water. Pyrite has been identified into three generations based on mineral paragenetic sequencing, including Py1, Py2, and Py3. The pyrites have δ34S sulfur isotopic compositions from three stages between 3.7‰ and 8.4‰, indicating that sulfur mainly originated from magma. Te, Bi, Sb, and Cu contents in pyrite were all high and showed a strong correlation with Au concentrations. Native gold and the Au‐Ag‐Bi telluride minerals were formed concurrently, and the As concentration was low and decoupled from the Au content. Therefore, Te, Bi, Sb and other low‐melting point chalcophile elements play an important role for gold mineralization in arsenic‐deficient ore‐forming fluid. Combined with the geological setting, evolution of pyrite, and ore‐fluids geochemistry, we propose that the Jianbeigou deposit can be classified as a magmatic–hydrothermal lode gold deposit. Gold mineralization on the southern margin of the North China Craton is related to Early Cretaceous magmatism and formed in an extensional setting.