bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Tragic Hero Reimagined: Analyzing Andrews’ Deviations from Aristotelian Ideals in The Man Within
Authors: Mariya Azim Khan  , Ahmad Zia  , Maimoona Aman
Published: December 2024

This paper analyzes the deviations and complexities in the protagonist, Francis Andrews, of Graham Greene’s The Man Within by exploring it in the light of Aristotle’s tragic hero. Unlike Aristotle’s ideal, Andrews emerges from humble origins and is neither noble nor virtuous but cowardly, riddled with inner conflict, and morally ambiguous. This research uses qualitative textual analysis to explore Andrews’ journey of fear, self-pity, and brief courage, all compared to the Aristotelian ideal of Hamartia and Catharsis. Greene rewrites the tragic hero archetype for modern literature, melding the existential crises of contemporary anti-heroes with the classical model’s emotional depth, the study finds. From a research perspective, this work helps to explain how modern narratives rework classical literary frameworks to embody the changing conditions of humanity.
Intellectual Capital and SMEs’ Internationalization; the Relation Via (In) Tangible Resources Acquisition
Authors: Dr. Najib Ullah Khan  , Dr. Sher Zaman Khan  , Muhammad Zulqarnain Safdar  , Haseeb Hassan  , Faheem Zeb
Published: December 2024

This research examines if intellectual capital facilitates Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the acquisition of (in)tangible resources in the host and international market to expedite the internationalization process. We surveyed 271 Chinese SMEs and employed structural equation modelling in AMOS to test the hypothesized relationships. The results revealed that intellectual capital significantly improves internationalization process of Chinese SMEs. Moreover, we found that intellectual capital does not significantly help in acquiring national (in)tangible resource acquisition of international tangible resources while it has an insignificant influence on (in)tangible resource acquisition as well as international intangible resource acquisition. Both national tangible resources and intangible resources have an insignificant influence on internationalization while international (in)tangible resources significantly promote Chinese SMEs towards internationalization. Size of firms and educational background play a prominent role in internationalization route of SMEs. This study partially support claim that both theories can be complemented in terms of internationalization process. This study recommends SMEs to investment in intellectual capital that may help in acquisition of external resources (all types) that are essential for internationalization. This study suggests policy makers to formulate strategic policies and regulations for national resources that can be accessed by ventures easily for internationalization process. Other useful implications are discussed. This research contributes the RBV and internationalization theory in the context of SMEs. To the best of our search and knowledge, we did not find any study addresses the role of intellectual capital in domestic and foreign resource acquisition for internationalization process.
Relationship of Empowerment, Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance in Pakistan Railways
Authors: Fozia Maryam Rubbani  , Rosli Mahmood  , Hishamuddin MD
Published: December 2024

The transportation sector, recognized as a major driver of economic growth, has been the focus of extensive academic and policy-oriented studies. This paper thoroughly examines the intricate dynamics of Pakistan's railway sector, covering its historical significance, current challenges, and future potential. Grounded in Social Exchange Theory, the study draws on a comprehensive literature review and empirical data to analyze the railways' role in economic development, the specific challenges faced by Pakistan Railways, and the essential role of employee performance in ensuring sustainability and growth. Additionally, the paper explores the influence of empowerment and organizational culture on employee performance, with organizational commitment considered as a mediating factor. Based on responses from 100 railway officers in BS-17 to BS-21, the findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between empowerment and employee performance, as well as between organizational culture and employee performance. However, organizational commitment mediates only the relationship between organizational culture and employee performance, not between empowerment and employee performance.
Changing Standards of Love in the World of Gaming: A Technocritical Study of Gabrielle Zevin’s Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow
Authors: Faiqa Ahmad  , Abdul Ghafoor
Published: December 2024

This study presents a technocritical analysis of Gabrielle Zevin’s Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow (2022), focusing on the evolving perceptions of love in the context of gaming and technological innovation. Situated within the thematic frameworks of "Contemporary Fiction" and "Gamification," this research investigates how shifting preferences and technological advancements are altering the understanding and value of love. The study emphasizes how technology reshapes emotional connections and relational frameworks, aligning with current sociological and psychological theories. The analysis explores the hypothesis that the concept of love is becoming increasingly fluid as technological influences pervade personal relationships. By examining these dynamics, the study aims to uncover the potential implications for emotional fulfillment, personal connections, and the broader relational fabric in a technology-driven society. This research seeks to contribute to a nuanced understanding of how technological progress reshapes emotional and social interactions, offering insights into the transformative effects of digital culture on traditional notions of love.
Impacts of Repatriation of Afghan Refugees on Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan
Authors: Dr Miraj Muhammad  , Asif Ali shah  , Altaf Hussain
Published: December 2024

This study explores the socio economics, political and security impacts of the repatriation of Afghan refugees on Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. The presence of a large number of Afghan refugees on the soil of KPK for decades has significantly influenced the province's political environment, affecting administration, security, and socio-economic aspects of KPK. After living since 1979, the government of Pakistan is determined to send back these 3.7 million Afghan to their country. The decision seems to be motivated by security reason is a bolt from the blue as they are not preparing to live KPK after living for years. The study evaluates to know the reason behind the repatriation process has been politicized. The study analysis the impacts of refugee repatriation on Pakistan relations with Afghanistan, coupled with the observance of international human rights standards in the repatriation process by Pakistan. Through an analysis of secondary data this study provides information about the complex and multidimensional nature of refugee repatriation and its lasting impacts on KPK’s political and social environments. The findings of the study highlight the challenges faced by KPK's political leadership and administration in balancing the demands of local populations, national security interests, and international obligations and norms. The impacts provided challenges and benefits to KPK and Pakistan but being a complex issue, it requires due care and systematic approach to the process. The policy needs to implemented in phases and any hast in implementing it should be avoided.
Assessment of the Knowledge Levels of Nurses of Diabetic Foot Care Management and to Determine Influencing Factors
Authors: Saifullah Mahar  , Farzana Soomro  , Abdul Haque  , Muhammad Zakarya  , Dr Imran Ali Jamali  , Yaswant Rai  , Shagufta Gul
Published: December 2024

Diabetic foot Ulcer is a severe complication of diabetes Miletus, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Early diagnosis, patient education, and proper foot care are essential for prevention. As frontline care providers, nurses play a critical role in educating diabetic patients and managing foot care, significantly influencing patient outcomes and quality of life. This study evaluated the knowledge of nurses regarding diabetic foot care management and identified factors influencing their understanding and practices. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a major Peoples Medical College Hospital Nawabshah, involving 100 randomly selected nurses. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire specifically designed to assess knowledge about diabetic foot care. The SPSS version 21.0 was used for data analysis, with chi-square tests applied to examine associations between sociodemographic factors and knowledge levels. This study concluded that a general lack of sufficient knowledge about diabetic foot care among nurses, which could compromise patient outcomes. This highlights the need for enhanced training programs and continuous professional education for nurses on diabetic foot management.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s Rule in North West Frontier (1818-1839)
Authors: Zakir Khan
Published: December 2024

The North West Frontier, a region of great strategic importance, has been a target of many great empires through the annals of history. It has been subjected to many invasions, looting, and plundering by various empires and armies. The Persians, Macedonians, Muslims, Mongols, Sikhs and the Britishers invaded the region, despite their efforts, foreign forces encountered fierce resistance from the local population, making their presence increasingly challenging. Frontier during the time period 1799 till 1849 saw the fall of Durrani rulers, growth of the Barakzai brothers and the rise of Ranjit Singh. This paper examines the governance of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in the northwest frontier region, with a specific focus on the timeframe spanning from 1818 to 1839. Maharaja Ranjit Singh, renowned as the architect of the Sikh Empire, effectively amalgamated and governed a heterogeneous and strategically significant territory encompassing present-day Pakistan, India and portions of Afghanistan. The trademark of his rule was a combination of military shrewdness, diplomatic finesses, and innovative governance. Ranjit Singh introduced significant reforms in governance structures, revenue administration, and military arrangements, thereby bolstering the region's stability and prosperity. In this research article, an attempt is made to determine how the local chiefs and tribes of the frontier gave a hard time to the army of Ranjit Singh, especially the mujahideen movement of Sayyid Ahmad Shaheed in 1826.
The Effects of Political Instability on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Pakistan
Authors: Dr. Sadia Anjum  , Muhammad Umar Farooq  , Attia Batool  , Syeda Jalila Kazmi
Published: December 2024

This study explores the effects of political instability on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in Pakistan, focusing on the role of governance quality, sectorial variation, and the types of FDI most sensitive to political risks. Using a multiple regression analysis, the research analyzes the relationship between political instability, macroeconomic factors, and FDI inflows from 1990 to 2020. The results show that political instability significantly reduces FDI in Pakistan, with a 37% decline in FDI inflows for each unit increase in political instability. Additionally, sectorial analysis reveals that capital-intensive sectors such as energy and infrastructure are less sensitive to political instability, while manufacturing and services sectors experience a stronger negative impact. Governance quality, particularly in terms of the rule of law and corruption control, is found to mitigate the negative effects of political instability, emphasizing the importance of institutional strengthening in attracting foreign investment. Furthermore, different types of FDI—greenfield investments, mergers and acquisitions, and joint ventures—demonstrate varying degrees of sensitivity to political instability, with greenfield investments being the most vulnerable. The study concludes with policy recommendations aimed at improving political stability, strengthening governance institutions, and creating a more favorable environment for foreign investors, particularly in sectors sensitive to political risks. These findings have significant implications for policymakers and foreign investors seeking to navigate political risks in emerging markets like Pakistan.
The Adoption and Utilization of Technology in the Mosques: a case study of Islamabad
Authors: Ghulam Muhammad Channa  , Aqsa Naz  , Hina Mugheri
Published: December 2024

In the past, religious segment of the society regarded technology with suspicion, seeing it as a possible danger to customs and spiritual rituals. Nevertheless, mosques have embraced technology in recent years, moving over their initial reluctance to actively benefit from these developments. This research investigates how technology is being adopted and used in mosques, looking at how digital technologies are changing mosque’s religious services, administration, and community engagement. In order to better understand the phenomenon the study is limited to the Islamabad Capital Territory. This lemmatization will make us able to effectively emphasize how technology through social media, Smartphone apps, and audio-visual systems etc are improving accessibility, communication, and involvement. Furthermore, the study adopts qualitative research methodology that includes surveys of worshiper/visitors and interviews with Imam/Heads/care takers of the mosques. The results demonstrate that although issues like budgetary limitations and a lack of digital literacy still exist. Technology has not only unquestionably increased the role of mosques in contemporary society by making them more inclusive and community-responsive but it also has changed the attitudes of the religious clergies towards the modernity with relation to technological advancements. In order to bridge the gap between tradition, modernity and innovation, this study contends that the religious sector, which was previously opposed to technology integration, has not only adapted to it but also benefited from it. This case study will further help religious clergies, legislators, and most importantly academics to promote a healthy coexistence of the tradition and modernity.
Surging Terrorism and Contingency in Balochistan
Authors: Dr. Shamila Tabassum  , Dr. Tariq Aziz  , Dr. Khadija Murtaza
Published: December 2024

Balochistan is the largest province and carries almost 43% of total population of Pakistan. It is a province with rich natural reservoirs, world’s largest Copper reservoirs found in Reko Diq in Chaghi, a district of Balochitsan. Strategically positioned Balochistan, its immense resources having cosmic area with considerable position on globe. Ties among Baloch Nationalists or the Central Government remained contentious since creation of Pakistan, intermittently more vicious. The present study will depict that the explosive state policies, issues of progress, radicalism, violation of human rights, external intrusion, lack of basic facilities and last but not least insurgencies that cause the impediment in regional prosperity.
Eminönü Yeni Cami Hünkâr Kasrı’nın Yıkılmasının 1930’lu Yıllarda Gündeme Gelmesi ve Türk Basınındaki Tartışmalar
Authors: Şimşek Serdar Sezer
Published: December 2024

İstanbul’un Eminönü semtinde 1597-1663 yılları arasında inşa edilen Yeni Cami, tarihi değerinin yanı sıra, Eminönü meydanında bulunması sebebiyle şehrin en görünür yapılarından biridir. Camiye bitişik olarak inşa edilen Hünkâr Kasrı ise 17. yüzyıl Türk sivil mimarisini yansıtmaktadır ve kasrın iç mekânı, çinicilik, kalem işi, ahşap işçiliği gibi geleneksel Türk sanatlarının önemli örneklerine sahiptir. 1930’lu yılların ikinci yarısındaki imar hareketleri kapsamında Fransız mimar ve şehir plancısı Henri Prost’un İstanbul ile ilgili hazırladığı planlarda Hünkâr Kasrı’nın yıkılması öngörülmüş ve bu konu 1938 yılı başlarında uzunca bir süre basında tartışılmıştır. İlk kez 19 Ocak 1938 tarihinde basında bu konudan söz edilmiş, kasrın yıkılıp yıkılmayacağına dair alınan karar ise 22 Şubat 1938 tarihinde basında yer almıştır. Bu çalışmada da Cumhuriyet dönemi basınının önde gelen gazetelerinden Akşam, Cumhuriyet, Kurun, Son Posta, Tan ve Ulus’un bu iki tarih arasındaki sayıları örneklem olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu tarihler arasında pek çok habere ve konu hakkında görüş sahibi olan isimlerin açıklamalarına yer verildiği görülmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra İbrahim Hakkı Konyalı, Burhan Felek, Peyami Safa, Zekeriya Sertel, Abidin Daver gibi dönemin önde gelen gazeteci ve yazarlarının, kendi köşelerinde bu konuya dair yazılar kaleme almaları söz konusudur. Basındaki bu tartışmalar, kasrın yıkılmayacağı yönünde haberlerin çıkmasının ardından 1938 yılının Şubat ayı sonlarında nihayete ermiştir. Bu makalede, 1930’lu yılların sonlarında hazırlanan şehir planları kapsamında Eminönü’nde bulunan Hünkâr Kasrı’nın yıkılmasının gündeme gelmesinden ve Türk basınında konuyla ilgili yapılan tartışmalardan bahsedilmiş, bu tartışmalar teorik tematik analiz yöntemiyle ele alınmış ve konuyla ilgili bütünlüklü bir çalışma ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.
Homo Ludens: The Changing Meaning and Function of Game from Traditional Life to Culture Industry ‘Squid Game’ Example
Authors: Kaçar Ferhat
Published: December 2024

Game is a fundamental part of human life and a universal phenomenon. Throughout history, games have played an important role in every age from childhood to adulthood, contributing to personal and social development. However, over time, with the development of industrial processes, games have become a part of the culture industry and this has led to a change in the meaning and function of games. This study emphasises the relationship of the series Squid Game with the game and its changing function. In the theoretical part of the study, the definition of the concept of game and its relationship with culture are evaluated by focusing on Johan Huizinga’s ‘Game Theory’. Then, the traditional children's games in the series Squid Game are analysed in the context of Huizinga's game theory and the function and meaning of the game that has been lost with capitalist life are revealed. In the study, four of the six children's games in the series were analysed using semiotic and discourse analysis methods. These analyses show how the elements of fun, sincerity and enjoyment change under difficult conditions. The findings reveal that economic pressures and social inequalities have transformed the function of games and that children's games have become deadly and cruel in the struggle for survival and the ambition to make money in modern society. As a result, it is understood that children's games in the series have lost their innocence by breaking away from their real ties with the capitalist system.
Az bilinen ahşap tavanlı Nakipzade Camii üzerine bir değerlendirme
Authors: Mumcuoğlu Türker Sadakat Safiyye
Published: December 2024

XVIII. yüzyıldan günümüze, Yozgat cami mimarisinde ahşap tavanlı yapıların yoğun bir şekilde inşa edildiği görülmektedir. Bu yapılar arasında yer alan Nakipzade Camii, özellikle cephe tasarımında sergilediği taş işçiliğiyle dikkat çekmektedir. Cephede kullanılan silmeler, iki renkli kemer açıklıkları ve iyon düzende başlıklı sütunlar, yapının diğer ahşap tavanlı camilerden ayrışan özgün mimari unsurlarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, az bilinen Nakipzade Camii’nin mimari özelliklerini ortaya koymak ve Yozgat Merkez’deki benzer camiler arasındaki yerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Nakipzade Camii’nin cephe rölövesi alınmış ve yakın konumdaki benzer camilerle karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, Nakipzade Camii’ndeki taş işçiliğine benzer bir yapıya rastlanmamıştır. Ancak cephe düzeni açısından Kayyımzade Camii ile benzerlikler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Duvar yapım tekniği, cephelerdeki kat silmeleri ve pilastr gibi unsurlar ise Nakipzade Camii’ni diğer camilerden belirgin bir şekilde ayırmaktadır.
Empowering Absorptive Capacity In Healthcare Supply Chains Through Big Data Analytics And Ai driven Collaborative Platforms: A Prisma-Based Systematic Review
Authors: Saha Rony
Published: December 2024

The healthcare supply chain is a cornerstone of modern healthcare systems, playing a vital role in ensuring the efficient flow of medicines, medical equipment, and services to meet patient needs. In today’s dynamic and uncertain global environment, healthcare supply chains must be resilient, agile, and adaptive to disruptions caused by pandemics, natural disasters, and evolving market demands. Absorptive capacity, defined as an organization's ability to acquire, assimilate, transform, and exploit external knowledge, has emerged as a critical factor in enabling healthcare supply chains to innovate and respond effectively to these challenges. This systematic review, conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, reviewed 50 peer-reviewed studies to explore the role of Big Data Analytics (BDA) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing absorptive capacity within healthcare supply chains. The findings reveal that AI and BDA significantly improve operational efficiency, demand forecasting, inventory optimization, and risk mitigation while fostering stakeholder collaboration through real-time data sharing and advanced decision support systems. However, several challenges, including data privacy concerns, technological complexity, and resistance to change, hinder the widespread adoption of these technologies. This review also identifies actionable strategies to address these barriers, such as implementing robust cybersecurity measures, standardizing data exchange protocols, and providing training programs to build digital competencies. By synthesizing insights from the reviewed articles, this study offers valuable perspectives for policymakers, healthcare administrators, and technology developers seeking to build innovative, resilient, and efficient healthcare supply chains capable of meeting the demands of an evolving healthcare landscape.
A Misdiagnosed Case of Cutaneous Sarcoidosis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Esheba Ghada Elsayed , Alabbadi Asmaa Abdulruhman , Aljuaid Hams Ahmed , Alghamdi Donia Jamaan , Aljuaid Rawazen Mohammed , Alsulimani Maysam Talal
Published: December 2024

Background: Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic disease that may affect any organ or system. The lungs are the most common affected organ. Extrapulmonary sarcoidosis is rare and cutaneous involvement is the most common extrapulmonary presentation. Cutaneous sarcoidosis is a challenging disease due to its diversity and resemblance to various skin diseases. Case Report: We present here a case of cutaneous sarcoidosis without pulmonary involvement. A 47-year-old woman presented with red papules on face one year ago. She was diagnosed as a case of acne vulgaris, however, the skin lesions were resistant to treatment. The patient then developed similar papules on nose, arms, and chest. A skin biopsy showed non-caseating granulomas and systemic workup for sarcoidosis was positive. The patient was eventually diagnosed with sarcoidosis and she was treated by mometasone furoate 0.1% cream and tacrolimus. The skin lesions resolved completely after two months of the treatment. Conclusion: This case report spots the light on the importance of considering sarcoidosis in the differential diagnosis of any refractory skin lesions and underscore the significance of early identification of skin manifestations of sarcoidosis, which may predict the development of systemic disease. Patients with CS should be regularly followed up and closely monitored to detect early systemic involvement regardless of the extent of cutaneous involvement.
Penerapan Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Peserta Didik Kelas X pada Pembelajaran Kimia
Authors: Rahman Gusti , Agustin Rika Rafikah , Mirda Erisna , Gani Abdul
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keaktifan belajar peserta didik kelas X di SMA Negeri 6 Banda Aceh pada proses pembelajaran kimia dengan menerapkan pendekatan Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), dan subjek penelitian terdiri dari 35 siswa di kelas X-3. Data dikumpulkan melalui pendekatan observasi dan dokumentasi. Sementara itu, analisis data dilakukan melalui teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode TaRL dalam pembelajaran kimia meningkatkan keaktifan siswa di kelas X-3. Pada siklus I, rata-rata persentase keaktifan belajar peserta didik adalah 83,99%. Namun, pada siklus II, persentase ini meningkat menjadi 90,31%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan TaRL sangat cocok untuk meningkatkan keaktifan belajar peserta didik di SMA Negeri 6 Banda Aceh.
The Role of Alif Laila Book Bus Society (ALBBS) in Promotion of the Literacy Culture and Healthy Activities among Underprivileged Children
Authors: Dr. Haleem Kamil
Published: December 2024

This study analyses the contribution of the Alif Laila Book Bus Society (ALBBS) in fostering literacy and promoting healthy activities among disadvantaged children in Lahore, Pakistan. ALBBS was founded in 1978 and has been in the forefront of mobile library efforts, including buses and camel libraries, to make educational materials more accessible in both urban and rural areas. The organization's endeavors, encompassing the dissemination of books, the creation of interactive learning spaces, and the formation of hobby clubs, are designed to cultivate a supportive learning environment that promotes both educational and personal development. The abstract outlines the society's strategy for promoting reading and fostering creative expression among children who lack sufficient access to these resources. Furthermore, it examines the influence of these initiatives on the advancement of literacy and emphasizes the crucial importance of community and international collaborations in expanding the scope and efficacy of literacy programs. This study highlights the substantial impact of ALBBS on educational development and its continuous endeavors to improve the lives of young people in Pakistan through literacy and education, based on a qualitative examination of program outcomes.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DOCENTE NA DISCIPLINA DE FUNDAMENTOS E METODOLOGIA DO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Correa Duarte - Codó, MA (Brasil) Samuel
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo consiste em relato de experiência focado na área de ensino de História. A disciplina que serviu de base para o presente relato de experiências é denominada Fundamentos e Metodologia do Ensino de História, com carga horária de 60 horas, ministrada ao sexto período do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Campus Codó. Admitimos o Relato de Experiência como meio de divulgação científica, em especial na área das ciências humanas. O material selecionado para análise consiste nas aulas e avaliações realizadas no decurso da disciplina de Fundamentos e Metodologia do Ensino de História, em curso superior de graduação em Pedagogia. Os discentes deveriam elaborar planos de ensino sobre temas relacionados com o ensino de História. Cada plano deveria versar sobre tema atinente à área de História, com escopo definido em termos de abrangência, do nacional para o local: o primeiro plano deveria tratar de tema de História do Brasil, o segundo deveria focalizar a História do Maranhão e, por fim, o terceiro deveria realçar temas ligados à História do lugar, no caso, a cidade de Codó e região.
APRENDIZAGEM DE CONCEITOS RELACIONADOS AO CONTEÚDO DE ÁCIDOS E BASES NO ENSINO MÉDIO POR MEIO DA EXPERIMENTAÇÃO INVESTIGATIVA
Authors: Levy Nogueira - Manaus, AM (Brasil) Maiza , Michel dos Santos Menezes - Manaus, AM (Brasil) Jean
Published: December 2024

Os experimentos investigativos desempenham um papel fundamental na educação, oferecendo aos alunos uma alternativa prática e envolvente para aprender conceitos científicos e explorar diversos campos do conhecimento. Esses experimentos possibilitam aos estudantes não apenas apreender conceitos, mas também desenvolver habilidades importantes como pensamento crítico e resolução de problemas. Ao realizarem experimentos investigativos, os alunos têm a oportunidade de formular hipóteses, planejar procedimentos, coletar e analisar dados, tirar conclusões e comunicar seus resultados. Diante disso, este projeto teve por objetivo analisar a contribuição das atividades experimentais investigativas no desenvolvimento de aprendizagens de alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio em aulas de Química, trabalhando o conteúdo Ácidos e Bases. Assim, por meio de uma sequência didática com aulas teóricas e práticas, os alunos participantes da pesquisa realizaram atividades experimentais orientadas por Fichas de atividades. Foi aplicado também, no início das atividades, um questionário que visava identificar os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos acerca dos conceitos abordados. Foi perceptível o grande interesse dos alunos ao se envolverem nas atividades experimentais investigativas utilizadas. Ao concluir a atividade experimental, percebeu-se que poucos alunos ainda demonstravam não compreender totalmente os conceitos sobre ácidos e bases, o que não significa que não sabem do que se trata, mas apenas não adquiriram conhecimento suficiente para construir uma base conceitual consistentemente coerente para defender seu ponto de vista. Sendo assim, a pesquisa mostrou-se sobremodo oportuna e desafiadora, pois possibilitou aos alunos ultrapassar as barreiras do senso comum.
MULHERES NA FÍSICA
Authors: Luana Alves Ferreira - Sobral, CE (Brasil) Antônia , Aparecida Alves da Costa - Sobral, CE (Brasil) Maria
Published: December 2024

A presente pesquisa objetivou compreender as perspectivas e experiências de discentes mulheres do curso de Licenciatura em Física do Instituto Federal de Educação do Ceará, do Campus Sobral, uma vez que, historicamente o curso mencionado possui como protagonistas o gênero masculino, seja como docentes, seja como discentes. Como procedimento metodológico, a pesquisa é caracterizada a partir da abordagem qualitativa na qual fizemos uso de um questionário realizado com alunas do sétimo e oitavo períodos do curso de licenciatura em Física do IFCE do campus Sobral. Os resultados apontam que as mulheres ainda são minoria no curso de Física, seja como professoras, seja como alunas e isso acontece pelo fato de termos um pequeno percentual de ingressas assim como egressas do curso. A partir da narrativa das estudantes podemos perceber que enfrentam várias dificuldades, desde o ingresso, a permanência bem como a conclusão dele. Essas dificuldades podem ser resumidas em falta de apoio por parte dos seus pares, falta de representação feminina bem como a falta de tempo para se dedicarem integralmente ao curso.
TENDÊNCIAS PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Monteiro Oliveira - Boa vista, RR (Brasil) Sebastião , Carvalho de Assunção - Boa Vista, RR (Brasil) Roseany , Batista de Oliveira Campos - Boa Vista, RR (Brasil) Raquel , Costa Ferreira - Boa Vista, RR (Brasil) Rebeca
Published: December 2024

Este estudo investiga as tendências pedagógicas histórico-críticas, com foco nas contribuições teóricas de Dermeval Saviani e José Carlos Libâneo, e sua influência nas práticas pedagógicas de docentes dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental e educação infantil.  Os objetivos principais foram:  analisar o conhecimento e a compreensão dos professores sobre a tendência pedagógica histórico-crítica; investigar se os professores se identificam com alguma tendência pedagógica específica em sua atuação na Educação Infantil/Anos Iniciais; e classificar a prática docente dos professores à luz das tendências pedagógicas elencadas por Dermeval Saviani. Foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dois professores e as percepções e práticas docentes foram analisadas qualitativamente. Os resultados revelaram uma compreensão alinhada com as tendências pedagógicas histórico-críticas (progressistas), destacando a importância da contextualização do ensino, da promoção da reflexão crítica e da valorização da participação dos alunos. Esses resultados sugerem que uma prática docente baseada em tendências pedagógicas histórico-críticas pode promover uma educação mais significativa e emancipatória nos anos iniciais da Educação Básica. No entanto, são necessários esforços adicionais para superar desafios como a permanência de práticas tradicionais e a falta de recursos. Concluímos que implementar práticas pedagógicas fundamentadas na perspectiva crítica, especialmente no contexto da Educação Básica, é essencial para promover a formação de indivíduos conscientes e engajados. Essas práticas capacitam os alunos desde a infância a se tornarem participantes ativos na sociedade, prontos para agir como agentes de transformação social.
EVASÃO NO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Santos - Ouro Preto, MG (Brasil) Thiago , Gustavo de Oliveira Carneiro - Ouro Preto, MG (Brasil) Luiz , De Souza - Ouro Preto, MG (Brasil) Gustavo , Clara de Carvalho - Ouro Preto, MG (Brasil) Ana
Published: December 2024

Este estudo pretende analisar os fatores que influenciam a evasão discente no curso de Bacharelado em Matemática da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. A pesquisa concentra-se no período entre 2015 e 2023, no qual a taxa de evasão alcançou alarmantes 87,5%. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de implementação de ações institucionais que promovam a permanência estudantil, tais como a flexibilização de horários, o suporte financeiro, o acompanhamento pedagógico individualizado e a oferta de disciplinas com maior aplicação prática, aproximando a teoria da realidade e fomentando o interesse dos alunos pela área. Ademais, o estudo reflete sobre a atuação profissional do bacharel em matemática, expandindo as perspectivas para além da construção de material didático e da pesquisa científica. Nesse sentido, destacam-se as possibilidades de atuação em áreas da inovação tecnológica, como as exploradas pelo Instituto de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA) em seu curso de Bacharelado em Matemática da Tecnologia e Inovação.
Adıyaman’da 1957 Milletvekili Genel Seçimi ve Adıyaman Milletvekilleri
Authors: Aydemir Fatih , Akgül Şahin Ayşenur
Published: December 2024

Adıyaman, 1954 yılına kadar Malatya’ya bağlı bir kaza durumunda iken Demokrat Parti’nin iktidarı döneminde vilayet statüsüne getirilmiştir. Adıyaman’ın vilayet statüsüne getirilmesi konusu ise tıpkı Kırşehir vilayetinin ilçeye dönüştürülmesinde olduğu gibi DP’nin 10 yıllık iktidarı sürecindeki en tartışmalı konularından birisi olmuştur. Her ne kadar Adıyaman’ın vilayet statüsüne getirilmesi DP’nin yapılan seçimlerde muhalefet partilerine oy vermiş olan bölgeleri cezalandırması olarak yorumlanmış olsa da Adıyaman’ın vilayet statüsüne getirilmesinde durum aslında farklı olmuştur. Çünkü bu süreçte Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi’nin de Başkanı olan İsmet İnönü’nün memleketi olan Malatya’dan ayrılacak olan Adıyaman’ın vilayet statüsüne getirilmesine ilişkin CHP mensuplarınca da bir karşı durma girişimleri söz konusu olmamış, aksine yapılan kanun tasarısı görüşmeleri esnasında CHP milletvekillerinin Adıyaman’ın vilayet statüsüne getirilmesi konusunu desteklemişlerdir. Bu süreçte CHP Milletvekillerinin en temel eleştirileri ise Adıyaman’ın vilayet olması durumunda bu vilayete bağlanacak ilçelerin nereler olacağı konusunda olmuştur. Söz konusu bu durum ise DP’nin iktidarı sürecinde 1954 genel seçimleri başta olmak üzere kendisine oy vermeyen Malatya ilini cezalandırmak amacıyla Adıyaman’ı vilayet yapma girişimleri olduğuna yönelik somut bir verinin olmadığını göstermiştir. Ancak siyasette yaşanılan gelişmeler bu dönemde büyük önem taşımıştır. Bundan dolayı 1957 yılında yapılan Milletvekili Genel seçiminin Adıyaman’daki yansımaları ile buna istinaden yaşanılan gelişmeler detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışmadaki temel amaç Adıyaman’ın vilayet olmasının ardından yapılmış olan ilk genel seçimde Adıyaman ilinin 1957 Milletvekili Genel seçimi öncesindeki genel durumunu, seçim sürecini ve nihayetinde de ortaya çıkan seçim sonuçları ile bu seçimlerin ardından seçilen milletvekilleri ve bu milletvekillerinin TBMM’deki çalışmalarını kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemek olmuştur. Çalışmadaki temel hedef 1957 Milletvekili Genel Seçiminin Adıyaman ilindeki yansımalarını ve neticelerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma, dönemin Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Cumhuriyet Arşivi başta olmak üzere TBMM Zabıtlarından, Adıyaman il yıllıklarından, gazetelerden, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) ile Yüksek Seçim Kurulu (YSK)Verilerinden ve konuyla ilgili telif ve tetkik eserlerden faydalanılarak hazırlanmıştır.
ANALYSIS OF EMISSION OF COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE USING BIODIESEL AS ADDITIVE
Authors: Ghoto Sher Muhammad , Zohaib Khan  , Bhangwar Sajjad , Gordhan Das Valasai  , Noman Hussain Bhatti  , Rao Muhammad Haseeb Rajput  , Basit Akram Waseer
Published: December 2024

Compression ignition (CI) engines are widely utilized in light, medium, and heavy-duty vehicles, as well as in load transport and power generation, due to their superior fuel efficiency and capability to operate under lean burn conditions. This lean burn feature significantly reduces particulate matter and noise emissions when using waste cooking biodiesel blended with diesel fuel. However, CI engines also emit harmful pollutants, including noise and particulate matter (PM), which can react with other substances, contributing to environmental issues such as ozone depletion, global warming, photochemical smog, and acid rain, ultimately disrupting the ecological balance.
Meeting stringent emission regulations for CI engines poses challenges due to elevated levels of particulate matter and noise emissions. High combustion chamber temperatures and dissociation during diffusive combustion processes contribute to substantial particulate emissions. Results indicate that the noise emissions from compression ignition engines are reduced when operating on biodiesel-blended fuels compared to traditional diesel fuel. Further analysis of particulate matter emissions reveals that blending biodiesel with diesel fuel significantly decreases PM emissions in CI engines.
IMPRESSIVE BENEFITS OF EUCALYPTUS LEAVES
Authors: Muhammad Qasim Raza  , Muhammad Sufyan  , Anum Riaz  , Laiba  , Najam Ul Lail  , Syeda Rameen Fatima  , Farah Shoukat  , Aqsa Saleem  , Iqra Kanwal  , Kinza Maryam  , Zainab Fatima  , Abu Talib
Published: December 2024

With a specific focus on Eucalyptus camaldulensis, this study explores the chemical makeup and therapeutic uses of various Eucalyptus species. Numerous bioactive substances, including tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, anthraquinones, and steroids, have been found in diverse plant components by thorough phytochemical investigations.. Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil was extracted by steam distillation, and its constituents—p-cymene, 18-cineole, beta-phellandrene, spathulenol, and cryptone—were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis. These compounds are associated with a multitude of therapeutic properties, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study highlights the plant's potential for use in pharmaceutical and industrial applications, as well as its widespread use in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. Additionally, the study discusses how growth methods and environmental variables can vary the chemical makeup of plants, highlighting the necessity of consistent quality control in the eucalyptus essential oil production process. This study advocates for more research into the pharmacological mechanisms and potential therapeutic benefits of Eucalyptus species, consolidating current knowledge on their medicinal-usefulness.
PERCEPTIONS OF MEDICAL ETHICS AND PROFESSIONALISM AMONG PRACTICING PHYSICIANS OF AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR: A MIX-METHOD STUDY OF ETHICAL DILEMMAS
Authors: Shingraf waseem  , Sundus Khalid  , Saqib Zaheer  , Rizwan Ahmed  , Poshmal Zahid  , Matee Ullah  , Aqib Sajjad
Published: December 2024

Background: The evolving nature of clinical practice, patient interactions, and advancements in medical technology may influence how practicing physicians perceive and apply medical ethics and professionalism. Aim: Therefore, this study assessed how factors such as experience, specialization, and frequency of ethical dilemmas and modern challenges shape physicians' views on ethics and professionalism. Methodology: A mix-method survey-based study was conducted among practicing physicians in Azad Jammu and Kashmir using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaire assessing perceptions of medical ethics and professionalism. Results: The demographic distribution showed that participants were evenly split between the 31-40 and 41-50 age groups (30% each), with males comprising 50% and females 40% of the sample. Most had 2-5 years (30%) of practice. General practitioners made up 30% while hospitals were the most common workplace (45%). The study found that physicians ranked non-maleficence (mean = 3.25) as the top ethical principle. There were notable links between medical specialty and views on non-maleficence, and between years of practice and both autonomy and non-maleficence. Common ethical dilemmas included patient confidentiality (68.8%) and informed consent (62.5%). Although 75% of physicians received ethics training during medical school, only 43.8% engaged in ongoing ethics-focused professional development. Key challenges included managing conflicts of interest, addressing cultural and religious sensitivities, and handling unethical behavior by colleagues. Conclusion: In conclusion, physicians prioritized non-maleficence, with significant links between years of practice, medical specialty, and ethical views. Future research should explore how targeted ethics training can further enhance ethical decision-making across specialties.
ASSESSMENT OF DEPOSITS ON ENGINE HEAD IN SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: Ahmed Faheem , Ansari Ali Murtaza , Noonari Altaf Alam , Abbasi Muhammad Kashif , Rajput Saddam hussain
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this experimental work is to examine deposit accumulations on engine heads by employing a single-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine. In this study, the tested fuels selected are DF, DF95UCO5, and DF65UCO20Pn15. Because it has the largest fuel oxygen percentage, the lowest cetane number, DF65UCO20Pn15, has the longest explosion delay and the shortest burning time. Measurements were made of engine heads and compared to emulsion fuels. The same locations also saw the application of scanning electron microscopy for a qualitative investigation. The investigation's conclusions were supported by visual inspection, which showed some deposition on engine heads while using all fuels. The study found that DF95UCO5 formed more carbon deposits on the engine head than DF65UCO20Pn15 and DF when SEM and EDS were used
COMPLEXITIES OF ENGLISH: A STUDY OF GRAMMAR, VOCABULARY, AND PRONUNCIATION
Authors: Hafiz Haqnawaz  , Nazia Naeem  , Safar Khan
Published: December 2024

The English language, renowned for its complexity and adaptability, contains numerous peculiarities in grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. This study aims to analyze these distinctive features, exploring the historical, linguistic, and sociocultural factors contributing to the language's evolution. Through qualitative research methods, this study gathers insights from linguistic scholars and examines literature prior to 2020 to provide a comprehensive understanding of these peculiarities. Findings reveal that English’s uniqueness stems from historical language borrowing, irregular spelling conventions, and evolving usage norms, impacting both native and non-native speakers. Recommendations are provided to support English learners and educators in navigating its idiosyncrasies.
BRAIN TUMOUR DETECTION OF MRI IMAGES USING MACHINE VISION TECHNIQUES
Authors: Muhammad Shan  , Muhammad Hanif Soomro  , Hafiz Muhammad Ijaz  , Ghulam Irtaza
Published: December 2024

Brain Tumour MRI detection is a challenging task for a doctor. Early detection of a brain tumour disease is a very good for brain tumour patient for the recovery of brain disease. Machine vision techniques are becoming so popular now a days in brain tumour detection. In this research image processing methodology is used for the enhancement of images of brain tumour and clearly detection of MRI images. CVIP tool is also important part of this research the primary purpose of the CVIP tools development environment is to enable students, teachers, researchers, and all users to explore the power of digital image processing. In this research CVIP tool used for image pre-processing, feature extraction, and classifications for result. Through this the results for classification of brain tumour images give better understanding and better results. Different classifiers are used that include Naive Bayes with accuracy 90%, BOVM based SVM with accuracy 97.3% and CNN with accuracy is 98.5%. So, this Accuracies shows that CNN gives a better accuracy with 98.5% than other classifiers.
DETECTION OF DIABETES APPLYING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Nadia Shoukat  , Salahuddin  , Meiraj Aslam  , Inzamam Shahzad
Published: December 2024

The health department can significantly benefit from adopting the latest advancements in technology, especially in the prediction and management of diseases. One of the most promising areas for improvement is the use of data-driven systems that leverage machine learning and artificial intelligence to analyze population health trends. By incorporating cutting-edge techniques, such as advanced predictive modeling and real-time data processing, the health department can enhance its ability to forecast public health outcomes, such as life expectancy. This would enable healthcare providers and policymakers to make more informed decisions, ultimately improving public health and reducing the burden on healthcare systems. The application of these techniques can be particularly useful in addressing chronic and life-threatening diseases, such as diabetes and cancer, which continue to pose significant challenges to global health. Diabetes and cancer, in particular, are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite the extensive research on these diseases, the global mortality rate continues to rise, highlighting the need for more targeted approaches. While numerous tools and methodologies have been developed to predict the spread of these diseases, there remains a crucial research gap: the lack of investigation into the attributes that directly contribute to the development of diabetes. Most existing models focus on the prediction of disease outcomes but fail to delve deeper into identifying the underlying causes, such as genetic factors, lifestyle choices, or environmental influences. This gap in research suggests a pressing need for the development of a system that not only works quickly but also operates with high accuracy in identifying the key attributes responsible for diabetes. By addressing this gap, it is possible to design interventions that are more effective in prevention and treatment, leading to better long-term health outcomes for populations at risk.