bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de Politereftalato de Etileno (PET) como agregado em bloco de concreto
Authors: Silva Eliane Ferreira da , Mesquita Marisa Vianna
Published: September 2022

O Politereftalato de etileno (PET) um tipo de poliéster que faz parte do cotidiano humano possuindo muitas vantagens com relação ao peso, praticidade no transporte e armazenamento, sendo utilizado para fabricação de embalagens com a finalidade de guardar e conservar alimentos, grãos, bebidas, remédios, matéria-prima para tecidos, entre outros. Porém, como a maioria dos materiais poluentes, o PET quando descartado incorretamente nas ruas, aterros e até mesmo em lixões, causa grandes impactos negativos ao meio ambiente. Tendo em vista o cenário atual voltado a questões de sustentabilidade, a área da construção civil de forma positiva busca inovações e alternativas ecologicamente corretas, inserindo materiais sustentáveis com menor índice de poluição em seus projetos e com oportunidade de construir um planeta sustentável essencial para o bem estar da atual e futuras gerações. Desta forma, analisando esse cenário, surgiu a ideia de estudar a possibilidade de utilizar garrafas PET trituradas na mesma granulometria da areia, como substituto do cimento na confecção de blocos sustentáveis, na expectativa de obter boa resistência, diminuindo assim, o descarte irregular deste material no meio ambiente. Foram realizados testes de resistência a compressão tendo-se como o melhor resultado a composição de 27% de PET e 73% de areia, ainda que relativamente baixo quando comparado com outras porcentagens dos mesmos materiais. Houve baixa aglomeração entre o polímero e a areia, gerando espaços vazios que influenciou na resistência.
Educação Interprofissional em Saúde: elucidando conceitos
Authors: Rosa Odila Migliorini , Teo Carla Rosane Paz Arruda , Mattia Bianca Joana , Ribeiro Karine Pereira
Published: September 2022

Este texto tem o objetivo de elucidar conceitos de base para o fortalecimento da educação interprofissional em saúde. Trata-se de um texto do tipo teórico-reflexivo, construído sobre as bases de uma Revisão Narrativa. Tomou por fonte a literatura científica referente ao tema da Educação Interprofissional (EIP). Os materiais foram localizados e selecionados a partir de busca livre na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), na Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e no site da Editora Rede Unida, submetidos a sucessivas leituras em profundidade, buscando-se a apreensão dos conceitos em foco, e apresentados no formato de síntese narrativa. A literatura mostra que o termo uniprofissional refere-se ao processo em que predomina o saber de uma área de conhecimento. Os saberes multi e pluriprofissional se referem ao processo em que há certa coordenação entre as disciplinas. Já a interprofissionalidade ocorre quando os profissionais aprendem uns com os outros e sobre outros, e a transprofissionalidade se coloca com uma etapa superior, caracterizando a fusão de determinados campos de saber. Ainda, o conceito de trabalho em equipe se caracteriza como complementaridade de práticas, enquanto a colaboração possui o sentido de cooperação. Importa destacar que a elucidação de conceitos e a reflexão realizada neste trabalho são importantes no sentido de contribuir para que a formação e as práticas profissionais sejam condizentes com novas formas, mais avançadas, de produzir saúde e, assim, com o fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Reflexões sobre “o novo currículo médio” e suas implicações na formação do estudante
Authors: Bernardes José Farias , Batista Eliane Regina Martins
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo constitui resultado de estudo exploratório cuja intencionalidade visara a ampliação da experiência dos pesquisadores em torno do tema políticas educacionais, analisando sua trajetória na reformulação de políticas educativas e políticas curriculares. Das premissas, o objetivo principal deste artigo intenciona discutir o campo de políticas educacionais, localizando-as ao cenário de influência e cenário de produção textual, correlacionando-os a reforma curricular da educação média em efetividade atualmente. Com efeito, será utilizado como método de investigação a abordagem do ciclo de políticas (ACP) porque possibilita compreender cenários e contextos como fenômenos cíclicos e trajetórias mutáveis em arenas políticas contínua e plural, destoando da visão governamental de políticas públicas. Desta forma, incrementamos a ACP a pesquisa documental técnica qualitativa adequada na interpretação contextualizando (cenário de influência) e discutindo nos documentos gerais (cenário de produção de textos) seus efeitos orientadores e normativos na “implementada” da BNCC. Desse estudo nos deparamos numa realidade reformista abrangendo a educação básica, todavia fora delimitado ao novo currículo do ensino médio como objeto do estudo e a restruturação de interfaces formativa, processo organizacional de flexibilizar o saber escolar, ao passo que, retomamos um neotecnismo utilitarista e pragmático de escolarização. Assim, teóricos como Ball, Mainardes, Mainardes e Marcondes, Mainardes e Tello, Tello e Mainardes e Lopes referenciaram a abordagem em ciclos de políticas desconstroem o ideário determinístico e linear de política pública como simples resolução de problemas onde desconsidera a participação social particulariza os locais e poder decisório dos indivíduos, enquanto sujeitos produtores de políticas públicas. Por conseguinte, a lógica produtiva de política no interesse da revalorização de capital, onde o interesse privado do empresariado se sobrepõe ao interesse público, proporcionando flertes com o projeto de privatização dos serviços e bens públicos.
Recipientes, substratos e dias de cultivo no desenvolvimento de amoreira-preta ‘Xavante’
Authors: Sommer Laura Reisdörfer , Copatti Andrio Spiller , Oliveira Bruna Andressa dos Santos , Camargo Robson Rosa de , Züge Patrícia Graosque Ulguim , Frölech Dianini Brum , Silva Patrick da Silva , Nagel Jordana Caroline , Assis Adriane Marinho de , Schuch Márcia Wulff
Published: September 2022

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o uso de diferentes substratos, dias de cultivo e volumes de recipientes no desenvolvimento de mudas de amoreira-preta ‘Xavante’. O delineamento experimental foi em esquema fatorial, com dois níveis para o fator substrato (fibra de coco Amafibra® e casca de arroz carbonizada) e três níveis para o fator volume de recipiente (10, 20, e 30 litros) e 12 níveis para o fator dias de cultivo (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330 e 360 dias). As mudas foram dispostas em vasos de plástico preto Nutriplan® com os volumes e substratos testados. As avaliações foram realizadas mensalmente no período de um ano da instalação do experimento e foram avaliados: porcentagem de sobrevivência, comprimento da maior haste, número de hastes por planta e de rebentos, comprimento do maior rebento e massa de matéria seca da raiz. Também foram avaliadas as características químicas dos substratos como pH e condutividade elétrica e as propriedades físicas como capacidade de retenção de água e densidade no início e no final do experimento. Conclui-se que plantas de amoreira-preta ‘Xavante’ apresentaram desenvolvimento adequado em substrato fibra de coco, com recipientes de 30 litros aos 360 dias de cultivo.
Estado da arte sobre a educação ambiental na educação básica no contexto de (pós) pandemia de Covid-19: desafios e novas perspectivas de pesquisa
Authors: Sobrinho Alexsandro Carlos Guimarães , Reis Antônio Cláudio Andrade dos
Published: September 2022

O artigo apresenta o estado da arte a respeito das publicações sobre a educação ambiental na educação básica de forma crítica trazendo reflexões sobre os impactos da Covid-19 na educação básica, assim como questões que permeiam o contexto (pós) Covid-19, através de uma metodologia teórica e conceitual desenvolvida no ano de  2022, utilizando a técnica de coleta de dados por meio de sistematização de pesquisas bibliográficas na base de dados da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Google Scholar e Scopus, sendo que para a base de dados da Scopus foi feito um mapeamento por títulos, resumos e palavras-chave, dos descritores “Educação Ambiental” e “Educação Básica” e “Covid-19”, no recorte temporal de 2019 a 2022 com análise bibliométrica utilizando o software VOSviewer. Os resultados do estudo apresentaram um panorama de estudos atuais relacionados a temática, com eixos norteadores a Covid-19, Sistema Climático Global, Condições Globais, Educação Ambiental, População Vulnerável, Laboratório de Informática, Implementação de Políticas e Currículo. Pode-se concluir que a escola é um espaço de potencialidades para a produção de novos conhecimentos e a Educação Ambiental na Educação Básica deve apresentar caráter colaborativo e coletivo devendo ser ativa as necessidades ambientais proporcionando transformações nas relações socioambientais.
Homo Administer e o Desenvolvimento Sustentável: da Governança à Ética da Alteridade
Authors: Lovo Odirlei Arcangelo , Sganzerla Anor , Bueno Douglas Aparecido , Magro Eleonice de Fátima Dal , Costa Gustavo de Souza , Oliveira Mateus Dal Magro
Published: September 2022

Este artigo é uma reflexão a respeito das vulnerabilidades sociais a partir dos conceitos de trabalho, pobreza, desigualdades e Direito, bem como as implicações sociais e políticas. O objetivo é compreender se em perspectiva da atual estrutura socioeconômica e meritocrática as vulnerabilidades são causadas pela própria riqueza. A pobreza no Brasil se associa também a ausência de comportamentos éticos aliada ao limitado conceito de desenvolvimento financeiro. Busca-se, ainda, demonstrar que a ética desempenha relevante função condicionante no projeto de desenvolvimento social. Quanto ao delineamento da metodologia, a pesquisa é exploratória bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa. Diante disso, conclui-se no sentido da relevância de repensar a forma de viver e de dispor dos recursos produtivos além da importância de políticas que façam da educação um meio de promover alteridade e autonomia que resulte em atitudes conscientes, responsáveis e subsidiárias.
Different types of explants and natural ventilation systems influence the accumulation of dry weight and of total phenolic compounds in Aloysia gratissima (Verbenaceae)
Authors: Coelho Adriane Duarte , Leite Jeremias José Ferreira , Santos Gustavo Costa , Assis Rafael Marlon Alves de , Marques Érica Alves , Carvalho Alexandre Alves de , Bertolucci Suzan Kelly Vilela , Pinto José Eduardo Brasil Pereira
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of different natural ventilation systems on the growth and accumulation of total phenolic compounds in Aloysia gratissima. Nodal and apical segments with 1 pair of leaves were inoculated in flasks containing ½ MS culture medium without sucrose and supplemented with 0.1 mg L-1 indole-butyric acid. The cultivation systems included a conventional system (NMS) and alternative membrane systems with 1 (AMS1), 2 (AMS2) and 4 (AMS4) low-cost membranes. After 30 days, the in vitro growth, leaf area, dry weight and accumulation of phenolic compounds were evaluated. Plantlets from apical segments showed superior results in all variables analyzed. The use of the NMS compromised plantlet growth. However, improved results were obtained with the use of porous membranes, with the best growth observed in AMS4. The leaf area of plantlets originating from apical segments was 3.03 times greater than that of plantlets from nodal segments. Plantlets in the NMS had the lowest values of leaf area, root length, number of leaves and dry weight. However, the use of membranes allowed higher growth. The AMS4 treatment increased the leaf dry weight accumulation by 6.13-fold compared to that obtained with the NMS treatment. The accumulation of total phenolic compounds increased with the use of greater numbers of porous membranes. The use of apical segments and lids with 4 porous membranes is recommended for micropropagation of the species. The use of an alternative membrane system positively influences the accumulation of total phenolic compounds.
A violência contra a mulher no Brasil: uma análise do aumento do número de casos de feminicídio no Brasil em momento pandêmico
Authors: Ramos Brenda Arrais , Morais Dayane dos Santos , Santos Adriano Carrasco dos
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho se propôs a discutir sobre o tema da violência contra a mulher no Brasil no período pandêmico. O objetivo geral deste é discorrer sobre a violência contra mulher em contexto pandêmico. Os objetivos específicos foram debater sobre a problemática do feminicídio; fazer o levantamento dos índices de feminicídios no Brasil no período da pandemia; apontar as principais ações de combate ao feminicídio, de acordo com os trabalhos pesquisados. Este trabalho apresenta um levantamento bibliográfico por meio de leitura e análise de autores que discutem sobre o tema. Para obtenção de dados foram consultados livros, artigos, trabalhos de conclusão de curso, bem como revistas e periódicos publicados, bem como dados estatísticos relacionados ao tema publicados no período pandêmico. Assim sendo, os resultados apontam que o Brasil vivenciou uma “epidemia” de feminicídios dentro da pandemia do coronavírus, de acordo com os dados oficiais das Secretarias de Segurança dos Estados, houve acréscimo de 22% nos casos de feminicídio em 12 Estados nos primeiros meses de pandemia (março a abril de 2020), meses de maior isolamento social por conta do vírus. Ainda de acordo com os dados divulgados, o Estado que apresentou maior índice de feminicídio foi o Acre, com aumento de 300%. O Maranhão também teve um acréscimo de 166,7%, os casos passaram de 6 para 16 no período citado. Mato Grosso teve um aumento de 150%, tendo saltado de 5 para 15 casos. Levando em consideração o início da pandemia de COVID-19 o mês de março de 2020 até dezembro de 2021 (de acordo com os dados disponíveis), cerca de 2.451 mulheres foram vítimas de feminicídio no período, conforme dados do Fórum brasileiro de Segurança Pública.
Cinco tendencias subnacionales del desarrollo mediático en México
Authors: DeLeón-Vázquez Salvador , García-Macías Alejandro
Published: September 2022

The objective of this article is to evaluate media development in Mexico using the subnational logic to understand the differences between regions and states. The methodology is based on the analysis of the principal components and clusters to study 23 variables theoretically linked in the 32 states of the country. The results allow identifying five clusters; each group presents internal similarities from their social and media context and notable dissimilarities from the rest of the clusters. The central contribution is to describe the differences in which some indicators of media development are presented in several regional contexts of the country. In conclusion, the progress made formulating an evaluative model for Mexico is highlighted, and the limitations of the metrics used are recognized. The production of specialized statistics in the future is desirable.
Investigation of Cluster-Based Cyclone Track Pattern Within the Bay of Bengal
Authors: AL MOHİT Md. Abdul , TOWHİDUZZAMAN Md. , KUMAR JOARDAR Atish , NASRİN Mossa. Samima , KHATUN Mst. Rabiba
Published: September 2022

Bangladesh is a highly disaster prone flat land country in south Asia. 80% of the disaster comes from cyclonic disaster around this area. To investigate the damage risk due to the cyclonic event around the Bay of Bengal associated with the cyclone track (CT) is an important issue. The present study has extensive analysis on generating a most favorable track along the Bay of Bengal from the MRI-AGCM cyclone track data. We have investigated present (1978-2003) and future (2075-2099) track data from the MRI-AGCM data set to ensure the synthetic track for the present and future climate conditions of Bangladesh. A k-mean clustering technique has been applied to investigate the synthetic track for the present and future climate condition. This work may insight the changes in cyclone track patterns in both the present and future climate conditions with the global warming scenario. This study has found that the Sundarbans and its adjacent areas are the risky coastline area of the landfall zone and for the global warming scenario it will be shifted to the Odisha area in India.
When Do Voter Files Accurately Measure Turnout? How Transitory Voter File Snapshots Impact Research and Representation
Authors: Kim Seo-young Silvia , Fraga Bernard
Published: September 2022

Voter files are an essential tool for both election research and campaigns, but relatively little work has established best practices for using these data. We focus on how the timing of voter file snapshots affects the most commonly cited advantage of voter file data: accurate measures of who votes. Outlining the panel structure inherent in voter file data, we demonstrate that opposing patterns of accretion and attrition in the voter registration list result in temporally-dependent bias in estimates of voter turnout for a given election. This bias impacts samples for surveys, experiments, or campaign activities by skewing estimates of the potential and actual voter populations; low-propensity voters are particularly impacted. We provide an approach that allows researchers to measure the impact of this bias on their inferences. We then outline methods that measurably reduce this bias, including combining multiple snapshots to preserve the turnout histories of dropped voters.
Perinatal derivatives: How to best validate their immunomodulatory functions
Authors: Papait Andrea , Silini Antonietta Rosa , Gazouli Maria , Malvicini Ricardo , Muraca Maurizio , O’Driscoll Lorraine , Pacienza Natalia , Toh Wei Seong , Yannarelli Gustavo , Ponsaerts Peter , Parolini Ornella , Eissner Günther , Pozzobon Michela , Lim Sai Kiang , Giebel Bernd
Published: September 2022

Perinatal tissues, mainly the placenta and umbilical cord, contain a variety of different somatic stem and progenitor cell types, including those of the hematopoietic system, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), epithelial cells and amnion epithelial cells. Several of these perinatal derivatives (PnDs), as well as their secreted products, have been reported to exert immunomodulatory therapeutic and regenerative functions in a variety of pre-clinical disease models. Following experience with MSCs and their extracellular vesicle (EV) products, successful clinical translation of PnDs will require robust functional assays that are predictive for the relevant therapeutic potency. Using the examples of T cell and monocyte/macrophage assays, we here discuss several assay relevant parameters for assessing the immunomodulatory activities of PnDs. Furthermore, we highlight the need to correlate thein vitroassay results with preclinical or clinical outcomes in order to ensure valid predictions about thein vivopotency of therapeutic PnD cells/products in individual disease settings.
Perspective: Comparison of end-of-life scenarios of municipal solid waste from viewpoint of life cycle assessment
Authors: Mannheim Viktoria
Published: September 2022

Municipal solid waste management systems use several techniques for municipal solid waste at the end-of-life stage. However, to take the major differences to identify good waste management practices and the optimal actions, more complex comparisons need to be discussed. This perspective article discusses the advances and future directions of the given specific research area from the viewpoint of the author with complex review of professional literature and presentation of other authors’ work. This research work assesses and compares the environmental impacts of two end-of-life scenarios (landfilling and conventional incineration) in the European Union including the practical life cycle assessment. To find the research answers, eight main environmental impact categories, emissions, and primary energies were analyzed using the GaBi 8.0 software. Based on the results, it can be concluded that in the case of incineration, the emissions and the electricity power credit are higher. These research results can be used to compare waste treatment processes with lower environmental impacts, and to perform further research on these processes.
Estrogen signaling as a bridge between the nucleus and mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Guajardo-Correa Emanuel , Silva-Agüero Juan Francisco , Calle Ximena , Chiong Mario , Henríquez Mauricio , García-Rivas Gerardo , Latorre Mauricio , Parra Valentina
Published: September 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidemiological studies indicate that pre-menopausal women are more protected against the development of CVDs compared to men of the same age. This effect is attributed to the action/effects of sex steroid hormones on the cardiovascular system. In this context, estrogen modulates cardiovascular function in physiological and pathological conditions, being one of the main physiological cardioprotective agents. Here we describe the common pathways and mechanisms by which estrogens modulate the retrograde and anterograde communication between the nucleus and mitochondria, highlighting the role of genomic and non-genomic pathways mediated by estrogen receptors. Additionally, we discuss the presumable role of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function in different CVD models and how this protein could act as a master regulator of estrogen protective activity. Altogether, this review focuses on estrogenic control in gene expression and molecular pathways, how this activity governs nucleus-mitochondria communication, and its projection for a future generation of strategies in CVDs treatment.
Translational regulation by ribosome-associated quality control in neurodegenerative disease, cancer, and viral infection
Authors: Lu Bingwei
Published: September 2022

Translational control at the initiation, elongation, and termination steps exerts immediate effects on the rate as well as the spatiotemporal dynamics of new protein synthesis, shaping the composition of the proteome. Translational control is particularly important for cells under stress as during viral infection or in disease conditions such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Much has been learned about the control mechanisms acting at the translational initiation step under normal or pathological conditions. However, problems during the elongation or termination steps of translation can lead to ribosome stalling and ribosome collision, which will trigger ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) mechanism. Inadequate RQC may lead to the accumulation of faulty translation products that perturb protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Proteostasis signifies a cellular state in which the synthesis, folding, and degradation of proteins are maintained at a homeostatic state such that an intact proteome is preserved. Cellular capacity to preserve proteostasis declines with age, which is thought to contribute to age-related diseases. Proteostasis failure manifested as formation of aberrant protein aggregates, epitomized by the amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a defining feature of neurodegenerative diseases. The root cause of the proteostasis failure and protein aggregation is still enigmatic. Here I will review recent studies supporting that faulty translation products resulting from inadequate RQC of translational stalling and ribosome collision during the translation of problematic mRNAs can be the root cause of proteostasis failure and may represent novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. I will also review evidence that translation regulation by RQC is operative in cancer cells and during viral infection. Better understanding of RQC mechanism may lead to novel therapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and viral infections, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
A zebrafish model of congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type
Authors: Lee Mi-Sun , Devi Sulochana , He John Cijiang , Zhou Weibin
Published: September 2022

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a disease characterized by proteinuria and subsequent hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and edema due to the defective renal glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). Mutations of NPHS1, encoding NEPHRIN, a podocyte protein essential for normal GFB, cause congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) of the Finnish type (CNF), which accounts for about 50% of CNS cases. We generated zebrafish nphs1 mutants by using CRISPR/Cas9. These mutants completely lack nephrin proteins in podocytes and develop progressive peri-orbital and whole-body edema after 5 days post fertilization. Ultra-structurally, loss of nephrin results in absence of slit-diaphragms and progressive foot process effacement in zebrafish pronephric glomeruli, similar to the pathological changes in human CNF patients. Interestingly, some nphs1 mutants are viable to adulthood despite ultra-structural defects in renal glomeruli. Using a reporter line Tg (l-fabp:VDBP-GFP) expressing GFP-tagged vitamin-D-binding protein in the blood plasma, we observed a reduction of intravascular GFP fluorescence in the nphs1 mutants, a hypoalbuminemia-like phenotype. In addition, we detected excretion of GFP by the nphs1 mutants, reminiscent of proteinuria. Therefore, we have demonstrated that the nphs1 mutant zebrafish recapitulate the human NS phenotypes and provide a novel and relevant animal model useful for screening therapeutical agents for this disease.
Recent advances and prospects in the organocatalytic synthesis of quinazolinones
Authors: Borah Biplob , Swain Sidhartha , Patat Mihir , Chowhan L. Raju
Published: September 2022

Quinazolinone, a bicyclic compound, comprises a pyrimidine ring fused at 4´ and 8´ positions with a benzene ring and constitutes a substantial class of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds on account of their frequent existence in the key fragments of many natural alkaloids and pharmaceutically active components. Consequently, tremendous efforts have been subjected to the elegant construction of these compounds and have recently received immense interest in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. The domain of synthetic organic chemistry has grown significantly over the past few decades for the construction of highly functionalized therapeutically potential complex molecular structures with the aid of small organic molecules by replacing transition-metal catalysis. The rapid access to this heterocycle by means of organocatalytic strategy has provided new alternatives from the viewpoint of synthetic and green chemistry. In this review article, we have demonstrated a clear presentation of the recent organocatalytic synthesis of quinazolinones of potential therapeutic interests and covered the literature from 2015 to date. In addition to these, a clear presentation and understanding of the mechanistic aspects, features, and limitations of the developed reaction methodologies have been highlighted.
Coronary access following ACURATE neo implantation for transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve implantation: Ex vivo analysis in patient-specific anatomies
Authors: Khokhar Arif A. , Ponticelli Francesco , Zlahoda-Huzior Adriana , Chandra Kailash , Ruggiero Rossella , Toselli Marco , Gallo Francesco , Cereda Alberto , Sticchi Alessandro , Laricchia Alessandra , Regazzoli Damiano , Mangieri Antonio , Reimers Bernhard , Biscaglia Simone , Tumscitz Carlo , Campo Gianluca , Mikhail Ghada W. , Kim Won-Keun , Colombo Antonio , Dudek Dariusz , Giannini Francesco
Published: September 2022

Background

Coronary access after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with supra-annular self-expandable valves may be challenging or un-feasible. There is little data concerning coronary access following transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve implantation (ViV-TAVI) for degenerated surgical bioprosthesis.

Aims

To evaluate the feasibility and challenge of coronary access after ViV-TAVI with the supra-annular self-expandable ACURATE neo valve.

Materials and methods

Sixteen patients underwent ViV-TAVI with the ACURATE neo valve. Post-procedural computed tomography (CT) was used to create 3D-printed life-sized patient-specific models for bench-testing of coronary cannulation. Primary endpoint was feasibility of diagnostic angiography and PCI. Secondary endpoints included incidence of challenging cannulation for both diagnostic catheters (DC) and guiding catheters (GC). The association between challenging cannulations with aortic and transcatheter/surgical valve geometry was evaluated using pre and post-procedural CT scans.

Results

Diagnostic angiography and PCI were feasible for 97 and 95% of models respectively. All non-feasible procedures occurred in ostia that underwent prophylactic “chimney” stenting. DC cannulation was challenging in 17% of models and was associated with a narrower SoV width (30 vs. 35 mm, p < 0.01), STJ width (28 vs. 32 mm, p < 0.05) and shorter STJ height (15 vs. 17 mm, p < 0.05). GC cannulation was challenging in 23% of models and was associated with narrower STJ width (28 vs. 32 mm, p < 0.05), smaller transcatheter-to-coronary distance (5 vs. 9.2 mm, p < 0.05) and a worse coronary-commissural overlap angle (14.3° vs. 25.6o, p < 0.01). Advanced techniques to achieve GC cannulation were required in 22/64 (34%) of cases.

Conclusion

In this exploratory bench analysis, diagnostic angiography and PCI was feasible in almost all cases following ViV-TAVI with the ACURATE neo valve. Prophylactic coronary stenting, higher implantation, narrower aortic sinus dimensions and commissural misalignment were associated with an increased challenge of coronary cannulation.
A case series of rare pathologies of the aorta and the aortic arch in adolescents and younger adults: Transfer of experience for an individualized approach
Authors: Carrel Thierry , Sharipov Islamjan , Jalilov Adham , Sromicki Juri , Vogt Paul Robert
Published: September 2022

Objective

While aneurysm of the aortic root, interrupted aortic arch, and aortic coarctation are the most frequent aortic diseases in adolescents and younger adults, there are a number of rare pathologies of the thoracic aorta that need individualized treatment.

Patients

We present a small case series of unusual aortic pathologies in patients presenting with a broad spectrum of symptoms: tiredness, dysphagia, dyspnea, arterial hypertension, renal failure, and claudication. (1). Segmental agenesia of the descending aorta. (2). Balanced double aortic arch with complete vascular ring. (3). Right descending aortic arch, left lusorian artery with Kommerell diverticulum. (4). Large patent ductus (2.5 cm) and ventricular septal defect. (5). Aneurysm of the aortic arch in the presence of tuberous sclerosis. (6). Pseudo-aneurysm of the proximal descending aorta following coarctation patch plasty. (7). Supravalvular aortic stenosis combined with severe aortic valve stenosis. (8). Pseudo-aneurysm following ascendens-to-descendens bypass because of recurrent coarctation. (9). Takayasu arteriitis with severe stenosis in the thoraco-abdominal aorta.

Results

The following procedures were performed, using individualized cardiopulmonary bypass, canulation and cerebral protection strategies. (1). Ascending to supraceliac extra-anatomic bypass. (2). Division of the ductus ligament and of the anterior aortic arch distally to the left subclavian artery. (3). Excision of the Kommerell diverticulum and translocation of the left subclavian artery. (4). Patch closure of the aorto-pulmonary window (patent ductus) and closure of the ventricular septal defect. (5). Complete aortic arch replacement combined with debranching of the supra-aortic vessels. (6). Graft interposition of the proximal descending aorta. (7). Enlargement of the ascending aorta and aortic valve replacement. (8). Exclusion of the pseudo-aneurysm, end-to-side graft interposition. (9). Ascending aorta to infrarenal aorta or ascending to bi-iliac artery bypass (planned). All patients were operated on without operative mortality. One patient died in-hospital from pulmonary complications one week after surgery. One patient is still awaiting surgery. All other patients recovered very well from the operation and did not show any residual symptoms.

Conclusion

Rare pathologies of the thoracic aorta in younger patients may cause a broad spectrum of unusual symptoms; in some of them, diagnosis is delayed. Cross-sectional imaging is mandatory for optimal operative planning Surgical treatment can be performed with very satisfying results. The prognosis of these patients is usually favorable following surgery.
Impact of P2Y12 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes of Korean acute myocardial infarction patients with baseline thrombocytopenia
Authors: Oh Seok , Jeong Myung Ho , Cho Kyung Hoon , Kim Min Chul , Sim Doo Sun , Hong Young Joon , Kim Ju Han , Ahn Youngkeun
Published: September 2022

Background

Antiplatelet therapy is crucial for managing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and reducing adverse ischemic events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents. However, the ideal P2Y12 inhibitor for patients—particularly East Asians—with AMI and low platelet levels remains unknown. We evaluated the impact of various potencies of P2Y12 receptors on major cardiovascular outcomes of AMI patients with thrombocytopenia in Korea.

Methods

We analyzed the clinical and outcome data of 800 AMI patients with baseline platelet counts <150 × 103/μL who underwent PCI between November 2011 and June 2015. All patient data were obtained from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry–National Institutes of Health registry. Subjects were allocated to group A (n = 244; treated with potent P2Y12 inhibitors) or group B (n = 556; treated with clopidogrel). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs).

Results

At the 3-year follow-up, clinical outcomes appeared better in group A than in Group B. However, after propensity score weighting-adjusted analysis, these findings were statistically attenuated, showing a similar incidence of MACCEs between the two groups.

Conclusions

Clopidogrel may be reasonable for patients with low platelet counts and is associated with comparable outcomes to potent P2Y12 inhibitors for Korean AMI patients.
Prognostic relevance of left atrial function and stiffness in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients with and without diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhu Shuangshuang , Lin Yixia , Zhang Yanting , Wang Guohua , Qian Mingzhu , Gao Lang , Ji Mengmeng , Xie Mingxing , Li Yuman , Zhang Li
Published: September 2022

Background

Although the left atrium (LA) plays a key role in the pathophysiology and disease progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on LA function and stiffness in HFpEF patients remains unclear. Furthermore, the prognostic value of different phases of LA function and stiffness is less well-established in HFpEF patients.

Methods

This study prospectively enrolled 164 HFpEF patients who were in sinus rhythm at the time of echocardiography, including 61 (37%) HFpEF patients with T2DM. LA reservoir, conduit, and pump function were assessed using two-dimensional volume indices and speckle tracking echocardiography. The LA stiffness was calculated as the ratio of early mitral inflow velocity-to-early annular tissue velocity (E/e’) and LA reservoir function. The primary end point was a combined outcome of heart failure hospitalization or death.

Results

Left atrium reservoir function [measured by peak LA strain (LAS-peak)] and LA pump function (measured by LAS-active) remained significantly lower in the HFpEF patients with T2DM compared with those without T2DM, even after adjustment for potential confounders. In addition, the LA stiffness of HFpEF patients with T2DM was higher than those without T2DM. After a median follow-up of 13.7 months, 46 patients (28.1%) reached the composite end point. LAS-peak (hazard ratios: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.81–0.95; P = 0.001) was significantly associated with the risk of heart failure hospitalization or death after adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics, LV global longitudinal strain, E/e’, and LA volume index. In contrast, other LA function and stiffness parameters did not independently predict the risk of adverse events. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that HFpEF patients with T2DM and low LAS-peak (<27.2%) had a significantly increased risk of heart failure-related hospitalization or death (log-rank P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Left atrium reservoir and pump function are impaired, whereas LA stiffness is increased in HFpEF patients with T2DM compared with those without T2DM. LAS-peak is a powerful predictor of adverse clinical outcomes and may be crucial for risk stratification in HFpEF patients with and without T2DM.
The puzzling clinical presentation of fluoropyrimidines cardiotoxicity
Authors: Cucciniello Linda , Bidoli Ettore , Viel Elda , Canale Maria Laura , Gerratana Lorenzo , Lestuzzi Chiara
Published: September 2022

The cardiotoxicity of fluoropyrimidines (FP) [5-Fluorouracil and Capecitabine] is often reported as acute cardiac ischemia with rest typical angina, signs of ischemia at electrocardiogram (ECG), and ventricular kinetics abnormalities. However, silent ischemia, effort-related toxicity, and ventricular arrhythmias (VA) have been also described. The aim of this study is to report a consecutive series of 115 patients with FP cardiotoxicity observed in a single center both within clinical prospective studies and during the clinical routine. The clinical presentation widely varied as regards symptoms, ECG abnormalities, and clinical outcomes. We report also the strategies used to prevent cardiotoxicity in a subgroup of 35 patients who continued o rechallenged FP therapy after cardiotoxicity. In nearly half of the patients, the cardiotoxicity was triggered by physical effort. Typical angina was rare: the symptoms were absent in 51% of cases and were atypical in half of the other cases. ST-segment elevation and VA were the most frequent ECG abnormality; however, ST segment depression or negative T waves were the only abnormalities in 1/3 of the cases. Troponins essays were often within the normal limits, even in presence of extensive signs of ischemia. The most effective strategy to prevent cardiotoxicity at rechallenge was reducing FP dosage and avoiding physical effort. Anti-ischemic therapies were not always effective. Raltitrexed was a safe alternative to FP. Fluoropyrimidine cardiotoxicity shows a wide variety of clinical presentations in real life, from silent ischemia to atypical symptoms, acute coronary syndrome, left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), VA, or complete atrio-ventricular block. Physical effort is the trigger of cardiotoxicity in nearly half of the cases. The recognition of cardiotoxicity cannot rely on symptoms only but requires an active screening with ECG and stress test in selected cases.
Case report: Ultrasound-Assisted endovascular therapy for carotid artery floating thrombus
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Zhenzhen , Pan Jie , Lu Kefeng , Sun Litao , Geng Yu
Published: September 2022

Background

Carotid free-floating thrombus (CFFT) is a rare but sometimes emergent condition. There has been controversy over the optimal treatment strategy. Emerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) may be an alternative to surgery. Accurate alignment of the aspiration catheter and thrombus during EVT is critical but has, so far, remained unresolved.

Case summary

This is a rare case of CFFT presenting with acute right-sided facial droop and moderate dysarthria in a 77-year-old man. He was in sinus rhythm with a blood pressure of 110/82 mmHg. Both non-contrast CT (NCCT) and head CT angiography (CTA) were unremarkable, while whole-brain CT perfusion (WB-CTP) suggested left hemisphere core infarction. Delayed imaging of the left internal carotid system by 4D-CTA suggested severe proximal obstructive disease, as confirmed by carotid CTA and ultrasonography. The initial two aspirations under DSA were invalid due to the challenging anatomical angle between the thrombus and the catheter. The success of CFFT removal was achieved with a pressure-assisted ultrasound-guided approach that helps to compress the catheter tip toward the thrombus.

Conclusion

We innovatively report a successful ultrasound-guided EVT for CFFT. Ultrasound assistance can provide quick and effective guidance and may guide tailored aspirations during EVT.
“Broadcast your gender.” A comparison of four text-based classification methods of German YouTube channels
Authors: Seewann Lena , Verwiebe Roland , Buder Claudia , Fritsch Nina-Sophie
Published: September 2022

Social media platforms provide a large array of behavioral data relevant to social scientific research. However, key information such as sociodemographic characteristics of agents are often missing. This paper aims to compare four methods of classifying social attributes from text. Specifically, we are interested in estimating the gender of German social media creators. By using the example of a random sample of 200 YouTube channels, we compare several classification methods, namely (1) a survey among university staff, (2) a name dictionary method with the World Gender Name Dictionary as a reference list, (3) an algorithmic approach using the website gender-api.com, and (4) a Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB) machine learning technique. These different methods identify gender attributes based on YouTube channel names and descriptions in German but are adaptable to other languages. Our contribution will evaluate the share of identifiable channels, accuracy and meaningfulness of classification, as well as limits and benefits of each approach. We aim to address methodological challenges connected to classifying gender attributes for YouTube channels as well as related to reinforcing stereotypes and ethical implications.
Numerical investigation of groundwater flow systems and their evolution due to climate change in the arid Golmud river watershed on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Xiao Yong , Liu Kui , Zhang Yuqing , Yang Hongjie , Wang Shengbin , Qi Zexue , Hao Qichen , Wang Liwei , Luo Yinfei , Yin Shiyang
Published: September 2022

Climate warming is the greatest future challenge to the hydrosphere and the human community, especially in arid and semiarid regions. This study took the Golmud river watershed on the Tibetan Plateau as an example to numerically identify the development of groundwater flow systems in a large arid sedimentary basin and explore what would the dramatic climate warming pose on groundwater flow system. The numerical results show that the Golmud river watershed has developed three hierarchical groundwater flow systems. River seepage is the predominant recharge for the groundwater systems inside the basin. The local groundwater flow system discharges some 82.69% of all groundwater in the basin, followed by the intermediate system with 14.26% and the regional system with 3.05%. The local system is mainly distributed in the shallow area of the alluvial-pluvial fan at the piedmont and provides the dominant water resource for human exploitation and oasis ecological usages. Climate warming would increase about 30.78% of the quantity of the recharge water to the groundwater system inside the basin via river seepage due to the increasing precipitation and increased glacier melt in the headwater region of the watershed. These waters would pose disturbances to all groundwater flow systems but to different degrees. The local flow system exhibits the largest response to the climate warming with more than 90% of increased water cycled in and discharged through it. The significant groundwater level rising leads to the trailing edge of the overflow belt at the piedmont moving ∼5 km towards to the mountain pass, which would potentially pose a water disaster to the local region. The influences of climate warming on the intermediate and regional flow system are relatively limited. This study provides a preliminary understanding of the influences of climate warming on the groundwater flow systems in arid endorheic basins and is essential for tackling future climate change challenges faced by arid and semiarid regions.
Early Late Triassic retro-foreland basin in response to flat subduction of the Paleo-Tethyan oceanic plate, SE Tibet
Authors: Liang Mingjuan , Yang Tiannan , Yan Zhen , Xue Chuandong , Xin Di , Qi Shaofeng , Dong Mengmeng , Wang Wei , Shi Pengliang , Xiang Kun , Han Xue , Bao Jingkun
Published: September 2022

Syn-subduction basins bear significant implications to understand tectonic evolution of any fossil subduction zone. The late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic (Paleo-Tethyan) tectonics of the eastern and southeastern Tibetan Plateau (i.e., the Sanjiang Orogenic Belt) is featured by ocean-continent subduction systems. A huge pile of volcanic-absent sedimentary succession developed in the middle segment of the Sanjiang orogenic belt, its age and tectonic nature remain unclear. Detailed geological mapping and zircon U-Pb dating results demonstrate that the early Late Triassic volcanic-absent succession comprises the nonmarine Maichuqing Formation in the lower part and the shallow marine Sanhedong Formation in the upper part. The Maichuqing Formation consists of coarse to fine-grained sandstone, siltstone and mudstone with abundant basal erosional surfaces, trough and planar cross-beddings, ripples, mudcracks, and plant fragments. The Sanhedong Formation comprises predominantly bioclastic limestones interlayered with marl, calcareous-muddy siltstone, and calcareous sandstone with abundant bivalve fossils. Syn-sedimentation deformation structures, such as slump folds and associated normal faults are common, suggesting intense tectonism during deposition. Synthesizing sedimentary data, paleocurrent and provenance results, combined with other available data, demonstrate that the volcanic-absent succession deposited within a retro-foreland basin along the rear part of the Permian-Triassic Jomda-Weixi-Yunxian arc in response to flat-subduction of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean during the early Late Triassic time.
Measurement of ion transport properties in ion exchange membranes for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Lucas Éowyn , Han Lihao , Sullivan Ian , Atwater Harry A. , Xiang Chengxiang
Published: September 2022

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting systems have the unique ability to produce renewable hydrogen directly from sunlight, independent of the electrical grid. These systems are therefore appealing technological options for resilient long-term energy storage. Ion selective membranes, such as monopolar and bipolar membranes, are a vital component of PEC water-splitting systems. These membranes allow for ionic conduction between the cathode and anode chambers, separation of products, and improved catalyst environments for reactions. In order to measure key properties and to study the performance of these ion exchange membranes, it is imperative to develop a robust testing protocol that can be used across the field. This paper introduces two standard electrochemical cells designed to directly measure ion transport properties in monopolar and bipolar membranes. The first electrochemical cell uses commercially available Pt disk electrodes to preform electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and reliably measure through-plane conductivity of monopolar membranes. The second electrochemical cell uses four-point measurements with Luggin capillaries and a series of membrane configurations to perform current density-voltage and Faradaic efficiency (FE) measurements for water dissociation (WD) reactions on bipolar membranes. The cell designs and techniques laid out below allow for accurate measurement of ion transport parameters in ion exchange membranes, direct comparison of membranes being developed across the field, and in turn, greater advancements in ion exchange membranes and PEC water-splitting systems.