bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnóstico e tratamento de dente supranumerário em paciente pediátrico: relato de caso
Authors: De Morais Leonardo Antônio , Delbem Alberto Carlos Botazzo , Cunha Robson Frederico , Sampaio Caio , Santana Jéssica Silva , Guisso Luigi Pedrini , Pessan Juliano Pelim , Lima Bianca Tiemi  Uehara , Basi Dálete Moreira Craveiro , Hosida Thayse Yumi
Published: May 2024

Dentes supranumerários são alterações de desenvolvimento, que acarretam a formação de um ou mais dentes, no arco dentário, em número maior que o normal. A etiologia ainda não possui um consenso definido e a forma de tratamento varia de acordo com cada caso. Esse estudo teve como objetivo relatar um caso de dente supranumerário na região anterior da mandíbula, em paciente odontopediátrico, abordando  diagnóstico e tratamento. Paciente do sexo masculino, 10 anos de idade, compareceu à Clínica de especialização em Odontopediatria da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, encaminhado para avaliação da necessidade de remoção cirúrgica de dente supranumerário na região anterior da mandíbula, identificado no exame radiográfico de rotina, panorâmica. Durante o exame clínico intrabucal, observou-se um discreto abaulamento na região mentoniana. Foi realizado uma radiografia periapical e lateral de Fazzi, em que foi possível visualizar a presença do elemento supranumerário. Como tratamento, optou-se pela remoção cirúrgica do dente. Diante disso,  foi realizada anestesia por bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior, a qual foi complementada com uma anestesia terminal infiltrativa na região do elemento supranumerário. Logo em seguida, foi feita uma  incisão cirúrgica e o dente foi removido. A região foi suturada, e como procedimentos pós-operatórios foi realizada a prescrição medicamentosa e as orientações com relação à repouso e consumo de alimentos frios, principalmente nas primeiras 72 horas. Conclui-se que o diagnóstico e o tratamento adequado de dentes supranumerários é de extrema importância, tendendo eliminar possíveis problemas como desvios de erupção e reabsorção radicular.
Use of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in the Assessment of Facial Trauma: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Araujo-Silva Gabriel , Santos-Lima Cleiton Rone , Ferreira Guilherme Fantini , Telles-Araújo Gabriel de Toledo
Published: May 2024

Imaging is an essential component in the treatment of facial trauma, as it provides support from diagnosis and treatment planning to the evaluation of results. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables a tridimensional assessment of anatomical structures. This study aims to evidence, through two case reports of the contribution of CBCT in the diagnosis of facial trauma. In both cases, patients were victims of facial trauma, one due to traffic accidents and the other by fall from height. No type of fracture was verified in emergency medical care. Professionals requested a CBCT exam to assist in the diagnosis of possible fractures. In CBCT images examination, it was possible to visualize foreign bodies in the maxillary region (Case 1), and the presence of mandible fracture (Case 2). The use of CBCT is crucial to obtain details on images that aid the diagnosis of fractures in cases of facial trauma. Even though it is not often used in emergency services, its use is well-indicated for more precise diagnosis.
Investigating Sequencing as a Means to Computational Thinking in Young Children
Authors: Tank Kristina M. , Ottenbreit-Leftwich Anne , Moore Tamara J , Yang Sohheon , Wafula Zarina , Kim Jiyoung , Fagundes Bárbara , Chu Lin
Published: May 2024

Within the field of K-2 CS education, unplugged computational thinking (CT) activities have been suggested as beneficial for younger students and shown to impact young students’ skills and motivation to learn about CS. This study sought to examine how children demonstrate CT competencies in unplugged sequencing tasks and how children use manipulatives to solve unplugged sequencing tasks. This case study approach examined two unplugged sequencing tasks for six children ranging from ages four to seven (pre-kindergarten to 2nd grade). Children showed evidence of several CT competencies during the sequencing tasks: (1) pattern recognition, (2) algorithms and procedures, (3) problem decomposition, and (4) debugging. The strategies and use of manipulatives to showcase CT competencies seemed to evolve in complexity based on age and developmental levels. Taking into account children’s abilities to demonstrate CT competencies, this study suggests that sequencing is a developmentally appropriate entry point for young children to begin engaging in other CT competencies. In addition, these unplugged sequencing tasks can also be easily integrated into other activities commonly experienced in early childhood classrooms.
Recent Developments in the Antimicrobial Potential of Some Nitrogenous Heterocycles and their SAR Studies: A Review
Authors: Nehra Bhupender , Kumar Manoj , Singh Sumitra , Chawla Viney , A. Chawla Pooja , Grover Parul
Published: May 2024

Background:

Infection remains a significant global health concern, with millions of
new cases and deaths occurring due to infectious diseases. Currently, chemoprophylaxis and
chemotherapy are the primary treatments, but side effects and toxicities pose challenges. Pathogenic
microorganisms have developed resistance to antimicrobial medications. Nitrogen containing
heterocyclic scaffolds possess the potential in drug discovery and are explored in various
fields like pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agrochemicals. To minimize antimicrobial drug
resistance, there is a need to design potent, safer antimicrobial lead compounds with higher selectivity
and minimal cytotoxicity.

Objectives:

The present review aims to outline several recent developments in medicinal
chemistry aspect of nitrogenous heterocyclic derivatives with the following purposes: (1) To
cast light on the recent literature reports of the last eight years ranging from 2015 to 2023 describing
anti-microbial potential of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives which includes
pyrazole, pyrazoline, imidazole, tetrazole and quinoline; (2) To brief the recent developments
in the medicinal chemistry of nitrogenous heterocyclic derivatives that is directed towards their
anti-microbial profile; (3) To summarize the complete correlation of structural features of nitrogenous
heterocyclic molecules with the pharmacological action including in silico as well as
mechanistic studies to provide thoughts accompanying the generation of lead molecules.

Methods:

Antimicrobial potential of nitrogenous heterocyclic molecules has been displayed by
relating the structural features of various lead candidates with their in vitro as well as in vivo
antimicrobial outcomes. In contrast, in silico computational analysis from different articles also
helped to predict the SAR of potent molecules.

Results:

Nitrogen containing heterocycles are involved in a range of natural to synthetic analogues
with keen antimicrobial potency. It is an emerging need to generate new nitrogenous
heterocyclic molecules in order to tackle the drug resistance in micro-organisms with more targeted
selectivity as well as specificity.

Conclusion:

To limit the side effects associated with them and to combat the microbes acquired
resistance towards the current drug regimen, novel nitrogenous heterocycle based antimicrobial
agents are essential to be developed. This review connects the structural units present
in lead compounds with their promising antimicrobial action.
Polypharmacy in Psychiatry: An In-depth Examination of Drug-drug
Interactions and Treatment Challenges
Authors: Shekho Devank , Mishra Ritika , Kamal Raj , Khurana Divya , Chauhan Abhishek , Awasthi Ankit
Published: May 2024

Polypharmacy in psychiatry is an in-depth examination of drug-drug interactions and treatment challenges
that explores the intricate landscape of psychiatric polypharmacy, a practice involving the prescription
of multiple medications to individuals with mental health disorders. This review is based on the critical aspects
of drug-drug interactions and the associated treatment challenges. Psychiatric polypharmacy is motivated
by the complexity of mental health conditions, where monotherapy may be insufficient. While it offers potential
benefits, the practice raises concerns related to drug interactions that can compromise safety and efficacy.
The review delves into the prevalence and clinical indications for psychiatric polypharmacy, thoroughly analyzing
drug interactions, treatment challenges, and strategies for mitigation. Real-world case studies illustrate
the complexities and outcomes of managing complex medication regimens, while emerging trends in personalized
medicine, advancements in psychopharmacology, multidisciplinary approaches, and digital health solutions
offer a glimpse into the future of psychiatric polypharmacy. This examination underscores the importance
of a patient-centered, evidence-based approach in optimizing psychiatric polypharmacy to achieve therapeutic
benefits while minimizing risks.
The Circadian Clock as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in
Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Barati Sama , Saffar Homina , Mehrabadi Shima , Avan Amir
Published: May 2024

:

The circadian clock consists of a hierarchical multi-oscillator network of intracellular and intercellular
mechanisms throughout the body that contributes to anticipating metabolic activity and maintaining system
homeostasis in response to environmental cues and intrinsic stimuli. Over the past few years, genetic variations
of core clock genes have been associated with cancer risk in several epidemiological studies. A growing
number of epidemiological research studies have demonstrated a direct correlation between the disturbance of
circadian rhythms and the growth of tumors, indicating that shift workers are more susceptible to malignancies
of the colon, prostate, ovarian, breast, lung, and liver. One of the most related cancers with circadian rhythm is
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality nowadays. The aim of this review
was to demonstrate the effect of the clock gene network on the growth of GI cancer, providing molecular
targets for GI cancer treatment, possible prognostic biomarkers, and guidance for treatment choices.
Human Virus-Like Proteins: Implications for Gene Therapy
Authors: Al Othman Aya , Polyanskaya Anna , Durymanov Mikhail
Published: May 2024

An analysis of mammalian genomes has revealed a significant number of DNA sequences
with transposon or viral origin. Some of these elements encode functional proteins, repurposed
during evolution to play significant physiological roles in certain tissues. Some human
virus-like proteins, such as Peg10 and Arc/Arg3.1, structurally demonstrate significant similarity
with Gag retroviral proteins, while others, like syncytins-1 and -2, resemble envelope viral proteins.
In recent years, it has become clear that these proteins can be exploited for bioengineering
'humanized' capsid particles aimed at targeted mRNA delivery. Realizing this idea could provide
efficient virus-like particles for gene therapy and address the problem of viral vector immunogenicity.
This review provides an overview of the most-studied human proteins of viral or transposon
origin and highlights their biological functions. Additionally, recent advances in exploiting these
proteins for targeted mRNA delivery and prospects for their clinical application are discussed.
A Review of Connecting Bioinformatic Techniques to Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Associated Comorbidities
Authors: Ranganathan Yeswanth , Kumar Pritam Ramesh , Paramasivam Sudhakar Gandhi , Krishnan Ravi Shankar
Published: May 2024

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a progressive autoimmune condition inflicting serious
threats to people’s life and health by causing severe pain and joint destruction. It affects not only
bones and joints but also causes comorbid conditions and shortens the lifetime. The interactions
and synergistic effects of comorbid disease with RA are not yet well studied. Hence, understanding
how these conditions will collectively affect the progression and outcome of RA is the current
area of research. Identification of RA and comorbidities associated with target genes may uncover
diagnosis and treatment methodologies. This review is to provide an overview of the interlinking
approach of Rheumatoid Arthritis with its comorbid conditions and its systemic complications using
bioinformatic techniques which would be useful to identify the genes and pathways that are in
common for both RA and comorbid diseases. It would also emphasize the significance of bioinformatics
in comparing the pathological features of RA and comorbid diseases. With the help of
bioinformatics, valuable insights into the mechanism underlying Rheumatoid arthritis and comorbid
diseases would be better understood.
Fluorometric Determination of Fe3+ Ions using Green Synthesized Carbon Quantum Dots from Damask Rose Flowers
Authors: Murugan Ridhu Varshini , Sridharan Gokul , Atchudan Raji , Arya Sandeep , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Sundramoorthy Ashok k.
Published: May 2024

Background::

Carbon quantum dot synthesis, characterization, and applications have
drawn a lot of attention lately. The most effective carbon precursors for creating carbon dots
with intriguing chemical and physical characteristics are found in natural materials.

Objectives:

In this study, we introduced a new approach using a carbon dot system that possesses
both absorption and emission capabilities, allowing for the development of a fluorometric
assay to detect Fe3+ metal ions.

Methods:

Hydrothermally, the Damask rose Carbon Quantum Dots (DRCQDs) were synthesized
using Damask rose flower petals and various characterisations were performed, such as UV-Vis,
FE-SEM, EDS, and Elemental mapping. The fluorescence intensity of CQDs varies depending
on the particular metal ion present in the medium, and the blue fluorescence was selectively
quenched.

Results:

For the purpose of detecting Fe3+ ions at an excitation of 330 nm, CQDs were employed,
which produced an extensive emission spectrum between 280 and 400 nm by varying
the excitation wavelengths. More than other heavy metals, Fe3+ ions were observed to have a
stronger fluorescence quenching effect for the CQDs. According to spectroscopic measurements,
the generated carbon dots have a detection limit of 1.11 μM and could determine Fe3+ ions in the
range of concentrations from 0–80 μM.

Conclusion:

This new fluorescent carbon dot technology offers a promising method for the
quick and effective identification of Fe3+ ions, particularly in real-world samples.
Current Perspectives and Innovative Approaches in Treating Cystic
Fibrosis-Related Diabetes: Unveiling Mechanisms for Precision Medicine
Authors: Kadiri Sunil Kumar , M Suhas , Khobragade Deepak Shamrao , Kumar Merugumolu Vijay , Mudigubba Manoj Kumar , Bindigi Ramana Gowda
Published: May 2024

A faulty cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductor regulator gene causes the hereditary disease. This causes pulmonary symptoms and pancreatic insufficiency, malnutrition, liver illness, and
CF-related diabetes. The assumption is fibrotic growth destroys islets. The article aims to review
cystic fibrosis-related diabetes to cover previous findings, contemporary breakthroughs, and future
research plans. We conducted a comprehensive literature survey on CFRD's clinical manifestations,
monitoring, and analysis, as well as its diagnosis and management. A few theories, such as the
deletion of phenylalanine at amino acid position 508, relate pancreatic dysfunction to cystic fibrosis.
A study of 950 cord blood samples in India found 1:40000 CF newborns. Many groups and foundations recommend CF diabetic diagnosis criteria. They include oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT),
continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), HbA1c, and fasting hyperglycemia. Recently, fructosamine
and glycated albumin have also used to diagnose hyperglycemia in Cystic fibrosis. The accuracy of
OGTT and CGM makes them valuable diagnostic tools, with OGTT being the standard. CFRD causes
pulmonary decline, malnutrition, microvascular issues, and death. Dietary control, which should be
high in calories, protein, fat, salt, and carbohydrates, and physical activity are key CF treatments.
Numerous pathophysiological pathways cause diabetes, however, insulin is still the best therapy.
Drugs and tools are available to improve insulin treatment. Other therapies include metformin, repaglinide, GLP-1 agonists, and DPP-4 inhibitors.
Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of Panax Ginseng and Symphytum Officinale with Metronidazole against P. gingivalis: An MIC and MBC Analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Salah M. , Al-Mizraqchi Abbas S.
Published: May 2024

Background

The RapID ANA II panel was used to evaluate bacterial responses, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were established.

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of Metronidazole, Symphytum Officinale, and Panax Ginseng on P. gingivalis

Materials and Methods

P. gingivalis strains, including strain ATCC 33277 and an isolate, were selected and prepared. A variety of test compounds, including Metronidazole, Symphytum Officinale, and Panax Ginseng, were procured and manufactured. A consistent technique was used to determine the MIC and MBC. We used the RapID ANA II panel to assess bacterial responses. Additionally, a suitable software was used to conduct the statistical analysis.

Results

The findings from the MIC and MBC tests showed notable variations and a noticeable impact of the combination therapy (G+F and S+F) in comparison to the individual drugs alone. Lower MIC and MBC values were seen when Panax Ginseng and Metronidazole (G+F) and Symphytum Officinale and Metronidazole (S+F) were combined, demonstrating a synergistic effect (p < 0.01). Positive results were found for ρ-Nitrophenyl-β, D-disaccharide (BLTS), σ-Nitrophenyl-β, D-galactoside (ONPG), ρ-Nitrophenyl-n-acetyl-β, D glucosaminide (NAG), ρ-Nitrophenylphosphate (PO4), Phenylalanine-β-naphthylamide (PAL), Pyrrolidonyl-β-naphthylamide (PYR), and Tryptophane (IND) in the RapID ANA II panel, whereas negative results were obtained for Urea (URE), ρ-Nitrophenyl-α, L-arabinoside (aARA), ρ-Nitrophenyl-α, D-glucoside (aGLU), ρ-Nitrophenyl-β, D-glucoside (BGLU), ρ-Nitrophenyl-α, D-galactoside (aGAL), ρ-Nitrophenyl-α, L-fucoside (aFUC), Proline-β-naphthylamide (PRO), and Serine-β-naphthylamide (SER).

Conclusion

Our study shows that combination therapies using Panax Ginseng and Symphytum Officnale with Metronidazole have increased antibacterial efficacy against P. gingivalis. These results point to the possibility of these herbal remedies complementing conventional medicine. In this study, the RapID ANA II panel helped identify and characterise P. gingivalis by offering useful insights into bacterial reactions. Nonetheless, it is necessary to conduct more studies to examine the therapeutic uses of these alternative P. gingivalis infection treatments.
Investigation of Reasons for the Reluctance to get Vaccinated with COVID-19 in the General Population in the South of Kerman Province (A Cross-sectional Study)
Authors: Saeedi Amin , Raesi Rasoul , Daneshi Salman , Domar Asma Amiri , Daneshi Fereshteh , Tarami Motahare
Published: May 2024

Aim

This study aimed to determine the reasons for reluctance to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in the general population in the south of Kerman Province.

Background

Identifying factors that reduce the initial hesitancy towards vaccination and increase the acceptance of the vaccine in the general population can contribute to the ongoing efforts for vaccination against COVID-19.

Materials and Methods

This is a cross-sectional study (descriptive and analytical) that was conducted using a multistage multi-stage sampling method on 341 men and women aged 18 to 85 living in the south of Kerman province in 2021. The data were collected using an electronic questionnaire created by the researcher on the reasons for reluctance to be vaccinated with COVID-19 and analyzed using SPSS-22 software. Independent t-tests, analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests were used at a significance level of less than 0.05.

Results

Three hundred and forty men and women aged 18 to 85 were examined. Lack of trust in vaccines, government, and health officials were the most frequent reasons for not wanting to get vaccinated. The young age group, women, single people, and those with good economic level, and high education level, were less willing to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

Conclusion

Restoring public trust in public health agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and science while also addressing the complexities of the relationship between the public and government is essential for effectively addressing vaccine hesitancy and increasing vaccine uptake.
Nanoemulsion Carriers for Ocular Fungal Infection: Main Emphasis on Keratomycosis
Authors: Mishra Anjali , Bhatia Manisha , Kumar Manish , Tiwari Abhishek , Tiwari Varsha
Published: May 2024

Keratomycosis, also termed fungal keratitis (FK), is an invasive eye condition for which
there is a lack of available effective treatment due to pharmacological shortages and vital ocular obstacles.
This severe corneal infection typically suppurates and eventually ulcerates, ultimately causing
blindness or decreased vision. According to epidemiological studies, FK is more common in
warm, humid places with an agricultural economy. The use of nanoemulsion carriers for ocular fungal
infection has been promoting better treatment and patient compliance. The persistent fungal infection
like FK, affecting particularly the stroma heralds complications thereby posing difficulty in
diagnosis and treatment. To help treat refractory cases and improve outcomes, recently targeted drug
delivery techniques and novel antifungal drugs shall be explored. A delay in diagnosis may cause
corneal fungal infections to have irreversible consequences, which cannot be avoided. However, infections
can develop into ocular perforation even after receiving intense care. The commonly used
chemotherapy for FK is based on topical (natamycin 5% is typically first-line therapy) and systemic
administration of azole drugs. To address the problems related to better treatment, various
nanoemulsion carriers were discussed. Novel drug delivery systems based on nanoemulsions are a
viable therapeutic option for treating keratomycosis and may be a candidate method for overcoming
obstacles in the treatment of many other ocular illnesses when combined with different hydrophobic
medicines. With a brief explanation of the pathogenesis, this article seeks to give readers a thorough
analysis of current trends, various treatment choices, and care strategies for fungal keratitis.
Effects of Sol-gel Processed Al2O3 as a Lubricant on Machining
Parameters of Al-6063
Authors: Murali Ch. , Vinay P.V.
Published: May 2024

Background::

The material removal process is always impacted by frequent interruptions
caused by changing tools and cutting conditions that increase production times and also affect the
surface roughness of the workpiece.

Existing Methods::

Adding cutting fluid to the cutting zone region is one of the most advantageous
techniques for dealing with heat transfer and temperature distribution problems in machining. The
techniques used to apply cutting fluids are pools and minimal lubrication techniques. Although these
technologies work effectively, their processing in the processing area is also a difficult task for
the user.

Proposed Method::

To overcome this difficulty, a layer deposition method known as the sol–gel
process can be employed. It is a technique that involves a solution that is transformed into a gel and
then deposited on a metal surface to be machined.
In the present work, initially, a gel was prepared using Al2O3 as a precursor and water as a base fluid,
and glycerol was selected as a surfactant. Using a magnetic stirrer, the mixture solution was
stirred and then dried under natural sunlight for 3 days for gel formation. With the aid of a UV visible
spectrometer, the formation of sol-gel was confirmed. Al6063 was utilized as a machining material
for the lathe turning process, and the gel created was deposited on the surface.

Results::

Machining was carried out under both dry and gel-applied conditions to examine the gel's
effectiveness. Input parameters considered were spindle speed, feed, and depth of cut. Three factors
at three levels were chosen for the experimentation. Temperature and cutting forces were the output
parameters that were measured. ANOVA analysis was carried out to find out the influence of input
parameters and to predict the corresponding best input parameters for low temperature and low cutting
forces during machining under sol-gel conditions.

Conclusion::

High speed, medium feed and medium depth of the cut show lower values of forces in
tangential and radial as well as lower temperatures in the case of sol-gel conditions compared to dry
machining.
CFD analysis of a hydrogen powered scramjet with multistage injection
Authors: Rosso O.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The PhD topic focuses the attention on the internal flow path analysis of a hypersonic demonstrator equipped with a scramjet engine, which will fly in a 10-second experimental operation. The work is part of a project funded both by the national program PRORA, and ASI, by means of an agreement between CIRA and ASI on hypersonics. The combustion is non-premixed and the fuel chosen is hydrogen which is injected by multistage strategy in two different stages. Engine performance and parameters such as combustion efficiency are analyzed through nose-to-tail CFD analysis both in fuel-off and fuel-on conditions. An important result is the achievement of a high combustion efficiency by the conclusion of the engine cycle with stochiometric hypotheses and single step reaction. Future studies will examine the performance of the scramjet using more detailed chemical models and varying the injection strategy while also evaluating the effect of the air-fuel ratio. Finally, the numerical results will be possibly validated with experimental measurements.
2D higher-order theories for progressive damage model of composite structures based on Hashin and Puck failure criteria
Authors: Tortorelli E.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This paper proposes a high-order 2D finite element model for the progressive damage model of composite structures. The model is based on Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF), which allows to automatically implement different kinematics by using an opportune recursive notation. A Newton-Raphson algorithm and the explicit integration scheme is used to find the converged solution. A single element and an open-hole specimen under tensile and compression loads are investigated using a damage model based on Hashin and Puck failure criteria. The proposed model is compared with literature and ABAQUS continuum shell results.
Simulation of post-grasping operations in closed-chain configuration using Kane's method
Authors: Madonna D.P.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This work focuses on techniques that enable the modeling of a multibody spacecraft in a closed-chain configuration. This scenario pertains to a space manipulator system equipped with two or more robotic arms that have grasped a target object. The dynamic equations of the multibody system, consisting of the chaser and target satellites, are derived using a Kane’s formulation for nonholonomic constrained systems. This formulation eliminates the need for including Lagrange’s multipliers in the set of equations. Numerical simulations of a post-grasping maneuver between a space manipulator system and a target satellite are conducted to validate the proposed formulation.
Integration of a low-cost camera system for smart agriculture aboard tethered balloons and drones
Authors: Toson F.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The impacts of climate change on crops are intensifying and notably severe. This considering both natural disasters and the unpredictability of seasonal patterns, which lead to dwindling resources. Therefore, innovative methods are being sought to investigate plant health to reduce waste, intensify productivity, and ensure production continuity. This to date is feasible using satellite and Earth observation technologies in general; however, these pose some challenges for both individual farmers and local organizations. In fact, the cost of high-definition satellite images for surveys of individual crop fields can have very high costs that would not guarantee frequent analysis. On the other hand, other satellite observation strategies, which are cheaper, do not guarantee high ground resolutions and compromise, again, the success of the analysis. For the reasons just listed, a variety of alternative technologies have emerged that, integrated aboard Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs), guarantee high-resolution imaging for costs two orders of magnitude lower than satellite imaging. In this essay its described the potential of these devices and provide a brief description of the analysis conducted on crop fields considering their integration on board three different UAVs.
Active debris removal employing a robotic arm equipped CubeSat
Authors: Basana F
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Space debris pose significant risks to functioning satellites. To mitigate the issue, the space sector is studying new technologies for Active Debris Removal (ADR) missions. Conventional methods rely on large and complex satellites equipped with robotic arms but the high economic cost of these may outweigh the benefit related with the debris removal. This paper proposes a novel, cost-effective approach. A 12U CubeSat equipped with a robotic arm is employed to attach an Elementary Servicing Unit (ESU) to target satellites. The CubeSat integrates essential subsystems such as power management, an Attitude and Orbit Control System (AOCS), a mono-ocular camera for navigation, and a four-degrees-of-freedom robotic arm. To study the feasibility of the mission, a simulator in the MATLAB/Simulink environment has been developed together with a guidance, navigation and control (GNC) system. In addition, a mock-up of the proposed CubeSat has been developed for testing a simple manoeuvre in relevant laboratory environment to attach the ESU to a target. The preliminary results obtained from the simulation and the design of the CubeSat mock-up are presented in the paper.
Feedback control of a density-based space debris model to support the definition of efficient mitigation and remediation strategies
Authors: Rusconi Martina
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Space can be seen as an extension of our planet’s biosphere, and as happens with Earth’s ecosystem, humanity’s utilisation of it is not sustainable. The number of in-orbit debris is dramatically growing and the current guidelines for limiting their proliferation are less adequate to face nowadays situation. The research proposes to develop a systematic way to investigate the effectiveness of the different mitigation and remediation measures. This is done integrating a density-based model for in-orbit objects propagation with a feedback controller on the environment, mimicking human actions in space, to reach a target scenario. The tool will be a valuable support to the definition of a new strategy for the sustainable future utilisation of space.
Multi-fidelity approach for sonic boom annoyance
Authors: Graziani S.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The following abstract aims at summarizing the multi-fidelity approach developed in the framework of the H2020 MORE&LESS project for the evaluation of sonic boom phenomena from a physical and psychoacoustic point of views for different aircraft configurations. Starting from the conceptual design phase, new analytical formulations shall be developed and validated to accurately define sonic boom without the necessity of having high time-consuming simulations. Then, once a 3D CAD model is available, numerical higher-fidelity simulations can be carried out. This step consists of both the near-field CFD and the use of a propagation code to propagate the shocks from the aircraft altitude to the ground. The H2020 MORE&LESS offers the opportunity to validate formulations and numerical results thanks to open-field test campaigns with small-scale aircraft models. Finally, having all information regarding the ground signature, a psychoacoustics code can be employed to define the annoyance caused by sonic boom comparing different noise metrics. Throughout the paper, the preliminary results available for a Mach 5 waverider configuration are reported.
A roadmap for the implementation of augmented reality solutions for airport control towers in an operative environment
Authors: Fadda Tommaso
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This paper describes how augmented reality has been recently exploited to define novel concepts for helping control tower operators in the aerodrome traffic zone. Starting from solutions developed within the SESAR research framework through real-time simulations, the paper describes the work done so far in transferring the developed solutions to an operative scenario (i.e. an actual control tower), exploiting ADS-B data and a HoloLens2TM head-mounted device. Finally, a roadmap covering the missing steps for completing the operational concept is proposed, orderly defining the missing steps and possible solutions.
Compressibility and wall-cooling effects on high-speed turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Cogo Michele
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Flight systems operating at high speeds are frequently enveloped by turbulent, hot, highly compressible flow experiencing various regimes in terms of Mach numbers and surface temperature. These factors are dominant in the proximity of the surface, the boundary layer, posing technical difficulties in predicting the mechanical and thermal loads. In this work, we analyze a database of Direct numerical Simulations of turbulent boundary layers for Mach numbers 2, 4 and 6 and four different wall temperatures (from adiabatic to cold wall). We discuss the choice of the diabatic parameter to define the degree of wall-cooling across different Mach numbers, observing its influence on instantaneous fields and first-second order velocity and temperature statistics.
Novel approach to damage detection in laminated structures: modal damping as a damage indicator
Authors: Kiasat Shabnam
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This paper provides a general overview of the author’s Ph.D. research. It emphasizes the criticality of damage detection in composite materials, focusing on interlaminar delamination. It introduces vibration-based non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques and modal damping analysis as a novel damage indicator and highlights their real-time capabilities and sensitivity to subtle defects. Numerical modeling benefits and challenges in understanding modal damping behavior are discussed. The review covers research on modal damping modeling, its application in detecting interlaminar delamination, and composite defect simulation. The findings of the presented study provide insights into delamination behavior and its impact on structural integrity. Overall, this work highlights the effectiveness of vibration-based NDT and numerical modeling for enhanced structural health monitoring and material safety.
Unveiling Vannamei Shrimp Farming's Impact on Water Pollution in Wonocoyo Village
Authors: Rupiwardani Irfany
Published: May 2024

Shrimp aquaculture has both positive and negative consequences if not properly managed. The recurring issue is the generation of waste, which affects the efficiency of fisheries utilization. Evaluation of utilization efficiency can be seen through the estimation of waste produced from the feed used during shrimp utilization, the optimal feed conversion ratio, and the resulting shrimp production rate. This research aims to look at the nutrient waste load originating from the semi-intensive utilization of vannamai shrimp in Wonocoyo Village. The research method employed is a quantitative descriptive approach. Primary data consists of water samples taken before and after receiving aquaculture waste. The waste content in both the pond water and the river water is measured in a laboratory. The calculation results demonstrate that the shrimp aquaculture facilities in Wonocoyo Village, Trenggalek Regency, produce waste with relatively minor environmental impacts. However, if the number of aquaculture plots increases, the environmental impact will also rise.
São Muitas as Possibilidades e Impossibilidades que Habitam Esse Mundo: Uma Reflexão Sobre o Tempo Espiralar e a "35.ª Bienal de São Paulo”
Authors: Pedersen Marcela
Published: May 2024

A compreensão epistemológica do tempo espiralar, desenvolvida pela pensadora brasileira Leda Maria Martins (2021), oferece uma perspectiva restitutiva da experiência do tempo em sua forma espiralada e serve como inspiração para a concepção da “35.ª Bienal de São Paulo”, intitulada Coreografias do Impossível. Esta epistemologia, enraizada em práticas, poéticas e pensamentos Negros, traz movimentos desobedientes capazes de criar formas de se soltar das categorias estabelecidas pela matriz hegemônica colonial e de cruzar diferentes estratégias de sobrevivências, ritmos e ruptura. O interesse curatorial e educativo das Coreografias do Impossível em elaborar uma Bienal pensada a partir do tempo que espirala abre espaço para reflexões profundas sobre como propostas curatoriais podem se envolver em tentativas de gestos reparadores, ao mesmo tempo que se encontram cercadas de impossibilidades institucionais. Considerando que as instituições coloniais estão intrinsecamente ligadas a estruturas de poder, privilégio e lógicas de mercado, as tensões e contradições deste contexto informam as impossibilidades de descolonização das instituições. Diante dessas questões, esta escrita procura fazer uma leitura sobre as Coreografias do Impossível, refletindo sobre o trabalho curatorial e educativo da “35.ª Bienal de São Paulo” em articulação com a concepção do “tempo espiralar", ao mesmo tempo que oferece uma análise crítica das tensões e contradições nas tentativas de descolonização do museu.
Victimological Characteristics of Cyberbullying
Authors: Moskalkov A. V.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. Criminal statistics of recent years confirm a significant increase in fraud in Russia committed using information and telecommunication technologies. When considering the methods of committing cyberbullying on the basis of studying the sentences of criminal courts, content analysis of mass media, its victimological characteristics are given. Special attention is paid to the identity of the victim of fraudulent actions committed on the Internet and the factors that increase the risk of becoming a victim of such crimes.

The purpose of the study is to supplement the theory of criminology with new knowledge about the digital victimization of victims of fraud committed using information and telecommunication technologies in order to effectively counter it.

Objectives: on the basis of court convictions, media reports, to supplement the victimological characteristics of cyberbullying based on the analysis of existing and new ways of committing it.

Methodology. When writing the work, the following general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition were used: analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, statistical, documentary, formal legal, formal logical, systemic and predictive.

The results of the study consist in identifying and describing the victimized behavior of persons who have become victims of cyberbullying. The factors that increase the degree of victimization of potential victims are described. The obtained results can be used by law enforcement agencies to develop the most effective methods of victimological prevention of this type of virtual crimes.

Conclusion. Due to the specificity of the method of committing fraud (remote) It is an exception to the provisions developed by victimology on the victim of a crime. For this reason, different types of potential victims can become victims of cybercriminals.
Crimes Against the Person Committed Using Information and Telecommunication Technologies (Including the Internet)
Authors: Fetisov P. I.
Published: May 2024

Relevance of the article is determined by the consideration of the global problem of cybercrime against the individual. Digital technologies and the Internet, its shadow segment of the Darknet, can be used to carry out many, including violent crimes against the person specified in chapters XVI, XVII and XVIII of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The largest share of such crimes in the structure of criminal assaults against the person is suicide, cyber bullying, inducement to self-harm, sexual crimes against minors, defamation, violation of privacy of personal life, etc. To increase the effectiveness of the fight against virtual crimes against the person, which have become widespread on the Internet, their original characteristics are given.

The purpose of the study is to supplement the theory of criminology with new knowledge about crimes against the person committed using information and telecommunication technologies and the Internet in order to effectively counter them.

Objectives: on the basis of investigative and judicial practice, to identify and characterize crimes against the person committed through information and telecommunication technologies and the Internet.

Methodology. It is represented by a set of general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, including analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, as well as system-analytical, statistical, documentary, formal legal, formal logical and predictive methods.

The results of the study include a detailed criminological description of the main types of crimes against the person, most often committed using modern Internet technologies; scientific knowledge about the types of crimes that the Internet and digital technologies have become the means of committing is replenished.

Conclusion. The spread of information and telecommunication technologies and the massive "Internetization" of the population have changed the nature and structure of cybercrime, its qualitative and quantitative indicators. Such a rapid evolution of IT crime was instantly reflected in the statistics of certain types of crimes, including criminally punishable acts against a person. The forecast is formulated that this type of cybercrime will be modernized in the future, including through new types of attacks against individual rights and freedoms (life, health, freedom, sexual integrity and sexual freedom, privacy, etc.).
History of Construction and Modernization of Energy Facilities the City of Kursk in the Period from the 1950s to the 1980s
Authors: Zvyagintseva M. M. , Savochkina N. D.
Published: May 2024

Relevance. The construction of energy facilities in the city of Kursk is interconnected with the history of urban infrastructure development, the construction of industrial facilities and residential neighborhoods. The construction of the first energy facilities is associated with a shortage in the provision of electricity and heat to the buildings and structures under construction in the city of Kursk. The decision to build thermal power plants was in unison with the reconstruction work after the Great Patriotic War. Thus, the energy potential of the year of Kursk, formed in the early 50s of the twentieth century, has been functioning productively up to the present time.

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the main stages of construction and development trends of large energy facilities in the city of Kursk in the period 1950s 1980s. The objective of the research is to study the process of formation and modernization of energy facilities at various stages of the formation of the urban appearance of the city of Kursk.

Methodology. As a methodological basis for the work, general and specific methods of scientific analysis were used, which form the basis of historical science, based on the principle of historicism, the principle of objectivity, and the principle of consistency.

Results. In the course of studying and summarizing published and archival sources, it was revealed that the creation of the energy complex of the city of Kursk in the period 1950s–1980s. is associated with the introduction of technologically advanced domestic turbine and electrical equipment, centralized heating systems and advanced energy production technologies, which made it possible to form a modern energy potential of the city.

Conclusion. During the study of published and archival sources, it can be concluded that the construction of energy facilities made it possible to ensure the supply of thermal and electrical energy to consumers and industrial facilities in the city of Kursk. These facts can contribute to the development of a strategy for improving and modernizing modern energy facilities in the city of Kursk.
Modeling the Regional Distribution of International Travelers in Spain to Estimate Imported Cases of Dengue and Malaria: Statistical Inference and Validation Study
Authors: García-García David , Fernández-Martínez Beatriz , Bartumeus Frederic , Gómez-Barroso Diana
Published: May 2024

Background

Understanding the patterns of disease importation through international travel is paramount for effective public health interventions and global disease surveillance. While global airline network data have been used to assist in outbreak prevention and effective preparedness, accurately estimating how these imported cases disseminate locally in receiving countries remains a challenge.

Objective

This study aimed to describe and understand the regional distribution of imported cases of dengue and malaria upon arrival in Spain via air travel.

Methods

We have proposed a method to describe the regional distribution of imported cases of dengue and malaria based on the computation of the “travelers’ index” from readily available socioeconomic data. We combined indicators representing the main drivers for international travel, including tourism, economy, and visits to friends and relatives, to measure the relative appeal of each region in the importing country for travelers. We validated the resulting estimates by comparing them with the reported cases of malaria and dengue in Spain from 2015 to 2019. We also assessed which motivation provided more accurate estimates for imported cases of both diseases.

Results

The estimates provided by the best fitted model showed high correlation with notified cases of malaria (0.94) and dengue (0.87), with economic motivation being the most relevant for imported cases of malaria and visits to friends and relatives being the most relevant for imported cases of dengue.

Conclusions

Factual descriptions of the local movement of international travelers may substantially enhance the design of cost-effective prevention policies and control strategies, and essentially contribute to decision-support systems. Our approach contributes in this direction by providing a reliable estimate of the number of imported cases of nonendemic diseases, which could be generalized to other applications. Realistic risk assessments will be obtained by combining this regional predictor with the observed local distribution of vectors.