bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of socioeconomic and latent variables in vehicle ownership: A case study of Agartala city, India
Authors: Acharjee Amitabha , Pratim Sarkar Partha , Pal Joyanta
Published: March 2018

On the whole, car ownership is regarded as an imperative variable in travel behavior research. Car and motorcycle ownership are increasing rapidly in developing countries leading to an unsustainable developments. Using a data of 584 respondents from the Agartala city randomly collected, a model has been prepared to understand vehicle ownership for both car and motorized two wheeler mode (MTW). Latent variables along with socioeconomic variables such as monthly income, gender, age were used for modeling vehicle ownership using structural equation modelling. Latent variables used in this study, flexibility (Motorized Two wheeler), Negative public transportation perception and comfort (car) were found to be significant in the model. Our result suggests apart from socioeconomic variables, latent variables also explains vehicle ownership model.
Linear array Yagi-Uda 5G antenna for vehicular application
Authors: Sreelakshmi K , Bora Pronami , Mudaliar Mona , Baburao Dhanade Yuvraj , T.P Madhav B
Published: March 2018

A two element 2X2 linear array Yagi antenna which is meant to operate at frequency of 3.5GHz which can be used for low band 5G as well as for WIMAX is presented in this paper. This array consists of two radiating elements of eight parasitic elements each with overall dimensions of 110×60×1.6mm3. The proposed antenna was built on Rogers Duroid substrate. It exhibits a good bandwidth (impedance bandwidth of single antenna element about 600Mhz.for S11 less than-10dB at the center frequency of 3.5 GHz) and gain of 10.5dB. The idea behind this paper is to attain good gain along with bandwidth which can be utilized for vehicular applications.
Design of a compact reconfigurable antenna with triple band switchable characteristics
Authors: Pardhasaradhi P , T.P. Madhav B , Rajendra Kamal D , Chinna Somaiah M , Gayathri Ch , Koteswara Rao M , Anilkumar T
Published: March 2018

Antennas with reconfigurable functionality is the mostly preferred one in the antennas field. In such scenario, a work is presented in this article proposing a frequency reconfigurable antenna with a compact PIFA kind of structure. The antenna structure has the folded radiating structure and embedded with some lumped resistance and distributed capacitance, inductance for providing the impedance matching across desired bands for wireless communication. Further, the switching elements (PIN diodes-BAR64-02V) are inserted in the gap between the long-meandered line structure for attaining the switchable characteristics among single band (0.68-0.98 GHz), dual band (0.70 – 0.96 GHz, 2.26 - 2.65 GHz), and triple band (0.69 - 0.99 GHz, 1.89 - 2.78 GHz, 3.64 – 4.1 GHz) respectively. The impedance bandwidth is considered according to S11 < -6 dB criteria for the mobile communication applications. The proposed antenna is suitable for smartphone, laptop and portable devices with GSM/PCS/WCDMA/UMTS/LTE communication applications.
Optimization of process parameters on friction stir welding of 2014 aluminum alloy plates
Authors: Jaiganesh V. , Srinivasan D. , Sevvel P.
Published: March 2018

Aluminum Alloy 2014 is a light weight high strength alloy used widely in the aerospace and also in other industries. 2014 is the second most popular of the 2000-series aluminium alloys, after 2024 aluminium alloy. However, it is difficult to weld, as it is subject to cracking. Joining of 2014 aluminium alloy in friction stir welding which is based on frictional heat generated through contact between a rotating tool and the work piece. Determination of the welding parameters such as spindle speed, transverse feed , tilt angle plays an important role in weld strength. The whole optimization process is carried out using Taguchi technique. The SEM analysis is done to check the micro structure of the material after welding by electron interaction with the atoms in the sample. Tensile test have been conducted and the s-n ratio curve is generated. The test is conducted and analysed on the basis of ASTM standards.
Content arrangement characteristic based encryption in cloud using public auditing for data management
Authors: Jerard V. Joseph Michael , Manimegalai P.
Published: March 2018

The encryption standard related to cryptography provide the possible keys with logical standard for sharing and distributing sensitive information sharing worldview in conveyed frameworks. A Content Arrangement Characteristic Based Encryption (CA-CBE) is turning into a promising cryptographic solution for this issue.  The cloud needs to provide the view on open auditability. Many methodologies have been discussed on dynamic information administration and on general auditability, however those methodologies suffer from the issue of check overhead and time multifaceted nature. Therefore, it is important to propose a Content Arrangement Characteristic Based Encryption (CA-CBE) scheme for supporting data dynamics over the data operation, like block alteration, block inset, and deletion. Some existing data integrity based research always lacks in dynamic operations and public auditability. By considering this as a motivation, this research is initiated.
Micro structural and static structural analysis of LM6/B4C and LM6/B4C/GR hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites
Authors: Faisal M.H. , Prabagaran S.
Published: March 2018

This research work was performed to interpret the fabrication and mechanical characteristics of LM6/B4C and LM6/B4C/Gr aluminium matrix composites. The aluminium matrix composites were manufactured by reinforcing B4C particles with varying wt % of 3, 5, 7 using stir casting technique. LM6/B4C 7% composite was made hybrid by adding 2% Graphite into it. The presence of graphite in such composites provide the self-lubricating effect, replacing conventional sliding contacts (bearings, sheaves, pistons, pulleys) with them. This also helps to reduce the lubricating oil and fuel consumption along with environmental benefits reducing energy wastage in industrial and automotive components. The properties of the composites were collated with the base alloy to analyse the enhancement in mechanical characteristics that had been transmitted by the reinforcement particles to the composites. The specimen microstructure was inspected using an optical microscope to ensure the uniform distribution of reinforcement particles in the matrix. The piston was modelled in CREO and using ANSYS 14.5 workbench static structural analysis of LM6 alloy, LM6/B4C composite and LM6/B4C/Gr hybrid aluminium composites are executed. Compared to LM6 alloy, better static structural properties were obtained in composites and hybrid composite.
A study on organizational factors for successful execution of human resource management (HRM) practices in private hospitals
Authors: Ganapathy S. , Ashokkumar M.
Published: March 2018

The existing thoughts in Human Resources Management put emphasis on knowledge sharing and team creation instead of individuals, informal learning, individual expertise, flexibility in use of skills, severe limits between healthcare organization and professionals. The organizational climate, efficiency, successfulness and innovativeness are the organizational factors for successful execution of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in private hospital. The results also show that there is significant difference between socio economic profile of employees of paramedics and organizational factors for successful execution of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in private hospital. The private hospitals should give conducive working environment to their employees of paramedics through applying advanced technologies, high organizational values, excellent organizational culture, rewards and incentives. In addition, they should promote sharing of knowledge and skills, inter personal relations and leadership among employees of paramedics for successful execution of human resource management practices.
Performance evaluation of high performance concrete beams under cyclic loading
Authors: Sharmila S. , Chandrasekaran P.
Published: March 2018

High performance concrete essentially consists of the same ingredients as in conventional concrete but the proportions are designed to provide the strength and durability which are needed for the structural and environmental requirements of the structure. Fiber-reinforced concrete is a concrete containing ingredients of conventional concrete and fibres which increases its structural integrity. Fibers act as crack arrester which are primarily due to plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage. They also reduce the permeability of concrete. The main aim of the present experimental investigation is to combine different fibres namely crimped stainless steel fibre and Aramid fibre to produce HFRC and thus to evaluate its mechanical performance. In Addition Micro silica and Quartz powder is added to obtain high performance. Based on I.S. Code method of mix design, proportion of different ingredients was obtained to get M60 grade concrete. Samples were prepared by varying the volume fraction of Steelfibre and aramid fibre from 0 to 1.5%. Three specimens of Cubes, Cylinders, and Prisms for each volume fraction of fibers are casted. Mechanical properties of each concrete composite were studied. The structural parameters such as load carrying capacity, ductility characteristics and energy absorption capacity of HPHFRC beams were assessed.
Design of a multi criteria decision model-fuzzy analytical hierarchy approach
Authors: Sona P. , Johnson T. , Vijayalakshmi C.
Published: March 2018

In Supply Chain Management(SCM),vendor selection has become a very important activity. By selecting the appropriate vendor, companies can avoid barriers and do for efficient production. The aim of this paper is to identify the important criteria that may develop strategies of the organizations. It deals with the analysis of vendor selection problem using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP).The comparison has made between the parameters criteria and alternatives by designing a model of uncertainty. The proposed method has applied in an automobile industry to choose their vendors in a best way.
Simultaneous evolutionary neural network based automated video based facial expression analysis
Authors: Jeyalaksshmi S. , Prasanna S.
Published: March 2018

In real life scenario, facial expressions and emotions are nothing but responses to the external and internal events of human being. In Human Computer Interaction (HCI), recognition of end user’s expressions and emotions from the video streaming plays very important role. In such systems it is required to track the dynamic changes in human face movements quickly in order to deliver the required response system. In real time applications, this Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is very helpful like physical fatigue detection based on facial detection and expressions such as driver fatigue detection in order to prevent the accidents on road. Face expression based physical fatigue analysis or detection is out of scope of this work, but this work proposed a Simultaneous Evolutionary Neural Network (SENN) classification scheme is proposed for recognising human emotion or expression. In this work, at first, automatically detects and tracks facial landmarks in videos, and face is detected by using enhanced adaboost algorithm with haar features. Then, in order to describe facial expression modifications, geometric features are taken out and the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) is extracted to improve the detection accuracy and it has a much lower-dimensional size. With the aim of examining the temporal facial expression modifications, we apply SENN probabilistic classifiers, which examine the facial expressions in individual frames, and after that promulgate the likelihoods during the course of the video to take the temporal features of facial expressions such as glad, sad, anger, and fear feelings. The experimental results show that the performance of proposed SENN scheme is attained better results compared than existing recognition schemes like Time-Delay Neural Network with Support Vector Regression (TDNN-SVR) and SVR.
Performance comparisons of particle swarm optimization, echo state neural network and genetic algorithm for vegetation segmentation
Authors: Merlin Mathew Rincy , Purushothaman S. , Rajeswari P.
Published: March 2018

This article presents the implementation of vegetation segmentation by using soft computing methods: particle swarm optimization (PSO), echostate neural network(ESNN) and genetic algorithm (GA). Multispectral image with the required band from Landsat 8 (5, 4, 3) and Landsat 7 (4, 3, 2) are used. In this paper, images from ERDAS format acquired by Landsat 7 ‘Paris.lan’ (band 4, band 3, Band 2) and image acquired from Landsat 8 (band5, band 4, band 3) are used. The soft computing algorithms are used to segment the plane-1(Near infra-red spectra) and plane 2(RED spectra). The monochrome of the two segmented images is compared to present performance comparisons of the implemented algorithms.
Enhancement of fingerprint image using wiener filter
Authors: Devi R. , Sujatha P.
Published: March 2018

A fingerprint is one of the most vital Biometric traits used for Personal Identification. To identify and match the fingerprint accurately, it has to be enhanced efficiently. In this paper, an efficient fingerprint enhancement technique is adopted and compared with the existing methods. The proposed methodology consists of three Phases. In the first phase, the fingerprint is subjected to the de-noising process. After adding noise such as salt and pepper, Gaussian and speckle noise, the image is blurred. In the second phase, the fingerprint is filtered with Wiener filter and then de-blurred. In the third, the filtered image is further enhanced for more clarity. The paper emphasizes, the fingerprint preprocessing followed with the enhancement produces better quality image. The performance of the proposed methodology is compared and evaluated using two performances measures namely Peak-Signal-Noise –Ratio and Mean Squared Error using Matlab R2013a.
Techniques of providing data integrity in cloud computing
Authors: David Raju K , Vijay Kumar K , Rahul Showry K Anthony , Lohit Krishn B
Published: March 2018

The Data Integrity is simply termed as no corruption in the data that can be assured with consistency and accuracy over the time Precisely it can be defined as the data should be recorded as the Original and at the time of retrieval it should ensure that it send the Original recorded data. Data Integrity is the fundamental component of Information Security. Every technique of data integrity ensures the no loss in flow of data. We start with briefing about Data Integrity and Cloud Computing and then briefing Data Integrity models. After this, we examine General strategies that guarantee information uprightness, Challenges in Cloud Computing, Techniques in cloud to guarantee information honesty to be specific provable information ownership and verification of retrievability and their disadvantages and their confinements over some particular cases. This paper is Standardized investigation of existing system for the guaranteeing the information trustworthiness in cloud and another strategy is proposed. This paper is Standardized analysis of existing mechanism for the ensuring the data integrity in cloud and a new method is proposed.
A novel semantic medical access monitoring system for e-health applications using internet of medical things
Authors: Bommasani Lahari Vyshnavi , Babu Erukala Suresh , Aluri Sasank
Published: March 2018

Internet of things can connect various smart devices together by using Internet. It also provides data interoperability methods for application purpose. We have proposed an IOT -based framework for emergency medical services to show how to collect, integrate, and interoperate IOT data flexibly and also to support medical emergency services. By the development of IOT technologies, we can use medical sensors to monitor patient’s health even without the presence of doctor. We came up with a outline of Semantic Medical Monitoring Framework with the help of cloud based IOT techniques. IOT health sensors will accept the massive data from the patient for every 6sec. All these data will be stored in the cloud and medical data will be connected to a medical rule engine through a web service called “THINK SPEAK”. It also permits supervision of patient by remote centers and personal platforms such as mobiles, tablets. Regarding Hardware it provides a gateway and personal clinical devices used for continuous wireless transmission of monitored data of the patient.
A comparative study of support vector machine and logistic regression for the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction
Authors: Gurram Deepthi , R.Narasinga Rao M
Published: March 2018

Thyroid is one of the vital diseases that influence individuals of any age group now a day. Infections of the thyroid, incorporate conditions related with extreme release of thyroid hormones (Hyper thyroidism) which is likewise called thyrotoxicosis and those related with thyroid hormone insufficiency (Hypothyroidism). Expectation of these two sorts of thyroid disease is critical for thyroid analysis. In this paper, support vector machines and logistic regression are proposed for predicting patients with thyrotoxicosis and without thyrotoxicosis. The outcomes demonstrate that, logistic regression perform well over support vector machine with 98.92% exactness.
Implementation of logic gates using CNFET for energy constraint applications
Authors: V Krishnaiah R , Anil T , Laxmana Rao Mode , Nalajala Paparao , Hasane Ahammad SK
Published: March 2018

Since the advent of semiconductors and throughout the history of designing ICs in VLSI for everything from computer hardware to mobile phones, the basic principle of Moore's law has persisted to be the same the number of transistors on a given area of silicon doubles every two years. The transistor rely on today's propelled multicore processors will be arriving at those extent about three billions, a in length best approach starting with the 6800 processor of the mid 1970s which comprised of Exactly 5000 transistors. Semiconductor manufacturing commercial enterprises need aid supporting of the most extreme degree to make this Growth feasible by presenting scaled CMOS gadgets utilizing field impact transistor (FET) technology, the place the most recent hub adequately multiplied those entryway thickness contrasted with those past era each few for A long time. As the approach will be crashing towards sub-nano meter reach that is past 90-nm node, spillage turned into a paramount element. Same time those MOS gadgets arrived at the end of its versatile limit, those semiconductor industry found elective gadget for example, such that CNFET (carbon nano tube field impact transistor), which will be acknowledged to the best decision for following era units. Large portions semiconductor commercial enterprises need aid placing their deliberations On CNFET innovation.
A systematic review of vulnerability analysis & penetration testing tools
Authors: Raja Sekhar K , M Pavanasurya , Bharti Komal , G Dhanya
Published: March 2018

In Computer Security, the term vulnerability refers as a flaw in the system which creates a hole, giving an attacker a chance of taking control over the system. Any Software, Web application or anything related to computer product is vulnerable to attack in different ways like code stealing, sniffing of packets, hijacking the network, making the system compromised etc. In order to avoid such attacks a constant check has to be done and the check has to be done through various Pen testing tools. Penetration tools are one which is used to perform security check on an application to find the presence of exploitable vulnerabilities. In this paper, we look over the penetration tools like CODEPULSE (the code stealer), ETTERCAP (the Sniffer and Hijacker) and made a systematic review of various websites which are vulnerable to SQL Injection and Cross-site Scripting.
On node reproduction attack in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Harini P.
Published: March 2018

WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) comprise a large number of small, inexpensive, low power and memory constrained sensing devices (called sensor nodes) that are densely deployed to measure a given physical phenomenon. Since WSNs are commonly deployed in a hostile and unattended environment, it is easy for an adversary to physically capture one or more legitimate sensor nodes, re-program and re- deploy them in the network. As a result, the adversary becomes able to deploy several identical copies of physically captured nodes in the network in order to perform illegitimate activities. This type of attack is referred to as Node Replication Attack or Clone Node Attack. By launching node replication attack, an adversary can easily get control on the network which consequently is the biggest threat to confidentiality, integrity and availability of data and services. Thus, detection and prevention of node replication attack in WSNs has become an active area of research and to date more than two dozen schemes have been proposed, which address this issue. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review, classification and comparative analysis of twenty five of these schemes which help to detect and/or prevent node replication attack in WSNs.
Educational data mining for student placement prediction using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Sreenivasa Rao K. , Swapna N. , Praveen Kumar P.
Published: March 2018

Data Mining is the process of extracting useful information from large sets of data. Data mining enablesthe users to have insights into the data and make useful decisions out of the knowledge mined from databases. The purpose of higher education organizations is to offer superior opportunities to its students. As with data mining, now-a-days Education Data Mining (EDM) also is considered as a powerful tool in the field of education. It portrays an effective method for mining the student’s performance based on various parameters to predict and analyze whether a student (he/she) will be recruited or not in the campus placement. Predictions are made using the machine learning algorithms J48, Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, and Random Tree in weka tool and Multiple Linear Regression, binomial logistic regression, Recursive Partitioning and Regression Tree (rpart), conditional inference tree (ctree) and Neural Network (nnet) algorithms in R studio. The results obtained from each approaches are then compared with respect to their performance and accuracy levels by graphical analysis. Based on the result, higher education organizations can offer superior training to its students.
An approach to spectral analysis of psychologically influenced speech
Authors: Jena Bhagyalaxmi , Sekhar Singh Sudhansu
Published: March 2018

The significant part of any speech signal lies in the information content and the emotions contents like stress or fatigue at a particular period of time. The classification of various types of stress and their effects are defined here. To analyze the changes in stressed speech than that of the normal speech, a database has been created which has investigated the stress among students during the examination in our college. In this paper, the spectral analysis of speech is done where emphasis has been given in the parameters like Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), spectrogram and Power Spectral Density (PSD). These parameters have been simulated using MATLAB codes. The comparison of the mentioned parameters is also done between a normal speech and a psychological stressed speech.
DVR based reactive power control strategy of DFIG for wind energy generation during unbalanced grid voltages
Authors: Geethanjali S. , Shanmugapriya S.
Published: March 2018

This document offers a whole new one on direct power control (DPC) technique for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based the wind vitality era program. This tactic relies on the one on one supervision regarding system productive and reactive strength by simply deciding on applicable voltage vectors on the rotor feature. This strategy works by using the mechanical system flux that take away the complications linked to rotor flux. This guidelines with this strategy rectangular calculate delineated intimately with this document. The one unit parameter needed by the projected DPC technique is usually which the mechanical system resistance as their effect on the system effectiveness is located to get minimal. Simulation final results on the 1.5 MW DFIG program exhibits the effectiveness and robustness in the projected supervision tactic in the course of versions regarding unit details. DVR is usually given to management the facility excellent issues and thereby management the active and reactive power.
A fuzzy energy and security aware scheduling in cloud
Authors: Ranga Swamy Sirisati , Mandapati Sridhar
Published: March 2018

The cloud computing is the one that deals with the trading of the resources efficiently in accordance to the user’s need. A Job scheduling is the choice of an ideal resource for any job to be executed with regard to waiting time, cost or turnaround time. A cloud job scheduling will be an NP-hard problem that contains n jobs and m machines and every job is processed with each of these m machines to minimize the make span. The security here is one of the top most concerns in the cloud. In order to calculate the value of fitness the fuzzy inference system makes use of the membership function for determining the degree up to which the input parameters that belong to every fuzzy set is relevant. Here the fuzzy is used for the purpose of scheduling energy as well as security in the cloud computing.
Implementation and analysis of stability improvement in VANET using different scenarios
Authors: Verma Sahil , Mittal Sonu
Published: March 2018

In circumstances where hubs are portable or when hubs frequently turn now and again, the neighborhood topology infrequently stays static. Henceforth, it is important that every hub communicates its refreshed area data to the greater part of its neighbors. These area refresh parcels are normally alluded to as reference points. In most geographic directing conventions (e.g., GPSR), guides are communicated occasionally to maintain an exact neighbor list at every hub. Position refreshes are expensive from numerous points of view. Each refresh devours hub vitality; remote data transfer capacity, and expands the danger of parcel crash at the medium access control (MAC) layer. Parcel impacts cause bundle misfortune which thusly influences the directing execution because of diminished precision in deciding the right nearby topology.
Implementation and performance analysis of AODV-PSO with AODV-GA and AODV-ABC
Authors: . Kavita , Sahai Prashant , Mittal Sonu
Published: March 2018

To upgrade the system lifetime fittingly many steering conventions and bunch based calculations are utilized to accomplish the execution need in WSN. From existing examination approaches, advancement of vitality in correspondence turns out to be extremely basic. Some portion of a vitality utilization of every sensor hub has a vital part while imparting among other sensor hubs for expanding lifetime of the WSN. This examination work concentrates on vitality protection in every sensor hub by utilizing AODV convention with PSO, GA and ABC based bunching and group head choice vitality enhancement calculation. AODV gives a course to correspondence while the group head is chosen utilizing PSO, GA, and ABC in view of the separation from the bunch part hub to sink hub and the leftover vitality in that hub. Reproduction comes about demonstrate that the inspiration of this work enhances the lifetime of the system exceptionally.
Enabling accurate range free localization for mo-bile sensor networks
Authors: J. Kiruba , T. Rajesh
Published: March 2018

The Existing localization algorithm was Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method for mobile sensor networks. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient algorithm called novel localization, which can achieve high localization in a better way. In existing algorithm, high Localization is achieved by getting more number of beacon nodes as input which improves the computational cost and decreases the sampling efficiency to a higher rate. But in the Proposed algorithm, we achieve high Localization accuracy with less number of beacon nodes itself thus the computational cost will be less and the sampling efficiency will be high. Our algorithm uses the approximate calculated position information of sensor nodes to increase the localization accuracy. The existing algorithms doesn’t have high localization accuracy when nodes move very fast, so we have propose a new algorithm, novel localization which is executed based on spped of nodes. The novel algorithm improves the Localization accuracy also when the node move fast.
Reversible image watermarking technique using LCWT and DGT
Authors: Fernandes.J Bennilo , S Sivakannan , N Prabakaran , Thirugnanam G.
Published: March 2018

In this contemporary world procuring our confidential data against some unknown person is very significant. Thus to have a high reliability of data security watermarking technique is applied before transmitting the data. This proposed work LCWT and DGT decomposition gives an effective technique to protect hypertensive related information based on reversible watermarking. LCWT has the superiority of multi-resolution fundamental analysis of wavelet transform and reflects representation of image domain in LCT. And using DGT decomposition the patient information has to embed inside high frequency subband wavelet and the watermarked information will be extracted by the receiver without any loss, to reconstruct the original image information. The reliability of the proposed method is analyzed by comparing the experimental results of similarity index, normalization and peak signal to noise ratio.
Lattice ordered interval-valued hesitant fuzzy soft sets in decision making problem
Authors: Pandipriya Ar. , Vimala J. , Sabeena Begam S.
Published: March 2018

In 2015, Haidong Zhang enhanced the idea of Hesitant Fuzzy Sets and Soft Sets into Interval-Valued Hesitant Fuzzy Soft Sets along with its properties. In this present work, we establish the Lattice Ordered Interval-Valued Hesitant Fuzzy Soft Sets and examined its vital properties with examples. Eventually the application of Lattice Ordered Interval-Valued Hesitant Fuzzy Soft Set to decision making problem is established by means of elegant algorithm.
A Neural Network Based Strategy (NNBS) for Automated Construction of Test Cases for Testing an Embedded System using Combinatorial Techniques
Authors: Mudarakola Lakshmi Prasad , Sastry J. K. R.
Published: March 2018

Testing an embedded system is required to locate bugs in software, diminish risk, development, repairs costs and to improve performance for both users and the company. Embedded software testing tools are useful for catching defects during unit, integration and system testing.   Embedded systems in many cases must be optimized by engaging crucial areas of the embedded systems considering all factors of the input domain.  The most important concern is to build a place of test cases depend on design of the requirements that can recognize more number of faults at a least rate and point in time in the major sections of an embedded system. This paper proposes a Neural Network Based strategy (NNBS) to generate optimized test cases based on the considerations of the system. A tool called NNTCG (Neural Network Test Case Generator) has been build up based on the method proposed in this paper. Test cases are generated for testing an embedded system using NNTCG and the same are used to determine the expected output through the neural network and the output generated from the actual firmware. The faulty paths within the firmware are determined when the output generated by the neural network is not same as the output generated by the firmware.
Modeling, control, and implementation of the soft switching dc-dc converter for battery charging/discharging applications
Authors: Barsana Banu J , Balasingh Moses M
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a soft switching bidirectional buck-boost converter for battery charging and discharging systems. The proposed method comprises of Inductance Capacitance Diode combination of the bidirectional dc-dc converter with one more electric switch is presented to accomplish high efficiency, high conversion ratio and maximum output power compared to the other bidirectional converters. It works in both steps up and steps down conversions. The proposed converter has alleviated the switching stress problems in the conventional bidirectional dc-dc converter. It suppresses the switching losses by zero voltage and zeroes current turn ON and OFF all switches. The complete steady-state analysis of the proposed bi-directional converter has described with its operating modes. Design consideration of parameters also presented to realize the converter characteristics. The switching stress on the power semiconductor devices is given, and the comparisons between the proposed technique and other bidirectional converters are illustrated with some results. Finally, the experimental prototype of 20 kHz, 315 W output power converter developed, and its feasibility verified through computer simulation results.
Structural retrofitting in historic buildings – the case of Hearst Greek theatre, California
Authors: Bansal Kanika
Published: March 2018

A modification process after manufacturing or constructing is called Retrofitting. Within the existing built forms it refers to the transitions made to the systems in the building or the structure after it is constructed or put to its defined use. Within the present day context, there are many historic buildings that are still in use or have the potential for future use. These may not be sometimes used to their full potential, despite their historic character and environmental features as most of them do not satisfy the contemporary needs of the present day user. They may also have been built for a purpose that no longer exists or has changed and often lag behind today’s performance standards and codes. Therefore, for contemporary use of such historic buildings, Retrofitting for Rehabilitation is an opportunity for alterations and additions to suit it to the present day context. The most significant aspect of retrofitting is associated with structural refurbishment which aids for added strength, stability and safety of the historic buildings. Retrofitting measures in a historical building aims to improve the overall performance of the building, facilitate techniques to alter, repair or add to make the historic building fit for contemporary use without jeopardizing their historic qualities.  Through case examples, the paper aims to bring out the trends in retrofitting and the retrofitting techniques that are being adopted in contributing to a sustainable future of historic buildings. The structural retrofitting techniques adopted at the Hearst Greek Theatre, California exemplify how historic buildings can be structurally rehabilitated to become a sustainable resource for future generations.
Diabetic retinopathy through retinal image analysis: A review
Authors: Madhu Sudhana Reddy Y. , Ernest Ravindran R. S. , Hari Kishore K.
Published: March 2018

In this paper, the recent advancement in the Digital Image Processing Aspects in the Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) were been discussed. The major approaches in DR are categorized into four classes namely Preprocessing, Optic Disk Detection, Blood Vessel Extraction and supervised classification. The optic disk, blood vessels and exudates gives more analytical details about the retinal image, segmentation of those features are very important. Further these approaches are classified into finer classes based on the methodologies accomplished in the respective schemes. The details of the database those used for testing the proposed algorithms is also illustrated in this paper. The details of performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, recall and F-measure are also discussed through their mathematical expressions.
Bit wise and delay of vedic multiplier
Authors: Kumar M Siva , Kumar Tulasi Sanath , Srinivasulu N , Lakshmi Bandi Vijaya , Hari Kishore K
Published: March 2018

The Vedic multiplier is derived from the ancient mathematics called Vedic mathematics .The ancient mathematics has different sutras in that we use Urdhva Tiryagbhyam sutra which means clock wise and vertically . As we know that binary multiplication is not possible so that instead we use binary addition or subtraction instead of it. The key process for the multiplication is the speed of the processor. The fastest mode of multiplication is the Vedic multiplier. In this paper we want to show the delay and utilization of components available for the multiplier by executing the code. The comparison of delay from some papers was also proposed in this paper. The research is going on the Vedic mathematics to overcome the problems on the conventional mathematics. In future Vedic multiplier plays an important role in the DSP (Digital Signal Processing).As it is the fastest and efficient mode of operation. In this paper I am calculating the bit wise delay up to 32-bit. The whole analysis was done in Xilinx. The ISM wave forms for every bit up to 32-bit was to be obtained. The utilization, used, available, utilized analysis was also taken. The whole process was done in XILINX software.
Design of high directional crossed dipole antenna with metallic sheets for UHF and VHF applications
Authors: Govardhani I. , Venkata Narayana M. , Navya A. , Venkatesh A. , Charles Spurjeon S. , Sai Venkat S. , Sanjay S.
Published: March 2018

A compact dual band cross dipole antenna surrounded with metallic plates at five sides has been proposed in this article. comparative analysis has been done between the dipole and cross dipole antenna. On comparing these two antennas the proposed antenna has the high gain of 7db and radiation efficiency of 95 percent. The peak directivity of the proposed antenna is 5DB and its front to back ration is 60. The return loss, gain, radiation patterns and co polarization and cross polarization of the antenna has been observed and analysed using AN-soft HFSS v13.The proposed antenna works at the range of 0.6GHz to 1.5GHz which covers the applications like GSM, GNSS and some of the applications which covers in the range of UHF and VHF.
Metamaterial inspire multiband monopole antenna with defected ground structure
Authors: Madhav B T P , Thirumalarao K , Venkateswara Rao M , Saiteja V N V , Kranthi Kumar J , Reavanth P N V S
Published: March 2018

This article represents the design and analysis of a compact antenna of size 34mmX18mmX1.6mm on FR-4 substrate material. The designed antenna is having a slot at the partial ground for all iterations are observed and it is analysed with the help of ANSYS 17 Electronics Desktop. A new unit cell design which exhibits the metamaterial property is also analyzed with the help of unit cell analysis. The negative permittivity value is extracted, and that unit cell is implemented in the proposed antenna. The enhanced results have been carried out with comparing iteration wise. The proposed antenna has radiation efficiency of 94%, it works in the range of for LTE (33-37) band at 1.95-2.04 GHz, WiMAX band 2.87-3.76 GHz and LTE (43-44) bands 5.92-7.2 GHz.
Multi-hope relay based high capacity energy efficient model for ultra wideband communication system
Authors: Rajanna B. , Chandrashrkar P. , KishanRao K.
Published: March 2018

Demanding large bandwidth and signal robustness over a short distance, ultra wideband communication systems plays an important role. UWB systems exhibits very low spectral density, implies that the interference to narrowband systems is very small. The relay based communication has the advantages of coverage extension, range extension, increase data rates and green communication. The relay based communication with UWB frequency is used to increase the coverage area by using of relays and increasing the data rates by increasing SNR of the links using multi-hop communication. In this paper, capacity and bit error rate of relay based UWB system for indoor and outdoor channel models are analyzed. key Terms—UWB, green communication, multi-hop, capacity, bit error rate, spectral density.
Glaucoma detection using cup to disc ratio and artificial neural networks
Authors: R. Gayathri , P. V. Rao
Published: March 2018

Now-a-days, the most commonly predicted eye disease in human beings is glaucoma; loss of vision gradually may turn into blindness. Advanced image handling methods empower osteopathic specialist to distinguish and treat a few eye infections like diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. The pressure in the optic nerve of the eye may lead to get affected by glaucoma, which is most regular reason for visual deficiency of the peoples, if not treated appropriately at early stage. The main objective of this paper is the detection of glaucoma and classifies the disease based on its severity using artificial neural network. In this paper mainly focused on pre -processing of retinal fundus images for improving the quality of detection and easy to further handling. The simulation results to obtain using MATLAB for the better accuracy in detecting glaucoma for abnormality using Cup to Disc ratio of retinal fund us images.
VLSI design for efficient RSD-Based ECC processor using Karatsuba algorithm
Authors: Bindu Swetha Pasluri , Kishore Sonti V.J. , Murali A.
Published: March 2018

In this paper, an exportable application-particular direction set elliptic bend cryptography processor in view of repetitive marked digit portrayal is proposed. The processor utilizes broad pipelining strategies for Karatsuba– Of man strategy to accomplish high throughput augmentation. Moreover, an effective particular viper without correlation and a high throughput measured divider, which brings about a short data path for expanded recurrence, are actualized. The proposed design of this paper investigation the rationale size, region and power utilization utilizing Xilinx 13.2. The expansion for the task is Vedic Sutra – Nikhilam Sutra.
Fuzzy based QoS prediction using bayesian network in cloud computing environment
Authors: Chandrasekaran Saravanan , Bhanu Srinivasan Vijay , Parthiban Latha
Published: March 2018

The Quality of Service (QoS) is enforced in discovering an optimal web service (WS).The QoS is uncertain due to the fluctuating performance of WS in the dynamic cloud environment. We propose a Fuzzy based Bayesian Network (FBN) system for Efficient QoS prediction. The novel method comprises three processes namely Semantic QoS Annotation, QoS Prediction, and Adaptive QoS using cloud infrastructure. The FBN employs the compliance factor to measure the performance of QoS attributes and fuzzy inference rules to infer the service capability. The inference rules are defined according to the user preference which assists to achieve the user satisfaction. The FBN returns the optimal WSs from a set of functionally equivalent WS. The unpredictable and extreme access of the selected WS is handled using cloud infrastructure. The results show that the FBN approach achieves nearly 95% of QoS prediction accuracy when providing an adequate number of past QoS data, and improves the prediction probability by 2.6% more than that of the existing approach.
Study & analysis of cryptography algorithms : RSA, AES, DES, T-DES, blowfish
Authors: Singh Pankaj , Kumar Sachin
Published: March 2018

Cryptography is about protecting the data from third parties or from public to read confidential data. Cryptography mainly focuses on encrypting the data or we can say converting the data and decrypting the actual data or we can say reconverting the data by different methods. These encryption and decryption methods are based on mathematical theories and are implemented by computer science practices. But as cryptography progressed ways were found to decode the secured data and view actual data. This was also done by the use of mathematical theories and computer science practices. Popular algorithms which are used in today’s world are, AES (Advance Encryption Standard), Blowfish, DES (Data Encryption Standard), T-DES (Triple Data Encryption Standard), etc. Some of the previously known algorithms were RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman), ECC (Elliptic curve cryptography), etc. These algorithms have their own advantages and drawbacks. But as people were progressing more in breaking them down, these algorithms were supported by digital signatures or hash done by different algorithms like MD5, SHA, etc. By these means data integrity, data confidentiality, and authentication of data are maintained. But as the things are progressing it seems that new advancements are always needed in the field of cryptography to keep the data secure.
Efficient and high speed key-independent AES-based authenticated encryption architecture using FPGAs
Authors: Murali A. , Hari Kishore K
Published: March 2018

Data manipulations are made with the use of communication and networking systems. But at the same time, data integrity is also a needed and important property that must be maintained in every data communicating systems. For this, the security levels are provided with cryptographic primitives like hash functions and block ciphers which are deployed into the systems. For efficient architectures, FPGA-based systems like AES-GCM and AEGIS-128 plays in the best part of the re-configurability, which supports the security services of such communication and networking systems. We possibly focus on the performance of the systems with the high security of the FPGA bit streams. GF (2128) multiplier is implemented for authentication tasks for high-speed targets. And also, the implementations were evaluated by using vertex 4.5 FPGA’s
A Study on graph with Desmos through Ict in diploma in elementary education of tamil Nadu state board
Authors: Charles Paul P. , Thulasi G.
Published: March 2018

This paper aims at bringing out the skill based learning outcomes in teaching learning process specific to psychomotor domain through   ICT’s   based on New Educational Technology 2013. The present study intends to apply the Desmos   software to teach the Linear Graph chapter in Diploma in Elementary Education (D.El.ED) of Second year in Tamil Nadu State. It explains the teaching strategies, i.e. visualization of graphical structure with the above module. Desmos gives hands-on experience to understand the mathematical, Graphical concepts. It also aims for an extended study on Algebra, Statistics and Geometry in the second year source book prescribed for the (D.El.ED) Course of Tamil Nadu State Board.
FEM method structural analysis of pressure hull by using hyper mesh
Authors: Balaji V. , Ravi S. , Naveen Chandran P.
Published: March 2018

Pressure hulls are the central load bearing structures of naval submarines, and AUVs ( autonomous underwater vehicles)..  A pressure hull is a structure that is designed to resist the compressive forces related with hydrostatic pressure. The most coherent geometries for resisting these compressive forces are annular cross-sections, and thus, pressure hulls are typically composed of a combination of cones and ring-stiffened cylinders, with torispherical domes or spherical  at either end. These shells are subject to an external pressure of 65 Bar due to the difference between outside and inside pressure.In the  current paper, 3-D Modelling are carried out as per ASME codes to endure the pressure of 65 Bar. At length to thickness ratio of the pressure hull is very large, both 3D shell and 3D solid FEA models were developed and analyzed using Ansys Simulation. The 3D modeling of the assembly has used UNIGRAPHICS software and Finite element analysis is done using ANSYS-Hyper Mesh software.