bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN COVID-19 POSITIVE AND COVID-19 NEGATIVE PREGNANT WOMEN: MATERNALAND FETAL OUTCOME
Authors: Zahoor Nahida , Qureshi Ambreen , Ahmad Wani Bilal , iqbal Asif
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This retrospective comparative study aims to compare maternal and fetal outcomes in COVID-19 positive and negative pregnant women. Material and Methods: Our study is a single centre retrospective comparative study conducted in Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lalla Ded hospital, Results: Of the 362 COVID-19 positive pregnant women, 37.6% had a vaginal delivery, and 62.4% underwent LSCS, while in the control group, 70.3% had a vaginal delivery, and 29.7% underwent LSCS. The (mean±SD) gestational age at delivery was (35.2±2.8) weeks in the COVID-19 positive group and (37.4±2.2)weeks in the control group. Preterm labor was signicantly higher in theCOVID19 positive group (p=0.0032), with a rate of 5.5% compared to 2.5% in the control group. The incidence of maternal mortality showed no signicant difference and was 0.6% in the COVID-19 positive group and 0.4% in the control group (p=0.6072). In the perinatal outcomes, there was no signicant difference in the Apgar score and still births between the two groups. However, the birth weight and neonatal ICU admission were found to be signicantly different between COVID-19 positive group and COVID-19 negative group with (p=0.0133) and (p=0.0001) respectively. The SARS-CoV-2 screening was carried out for all pregnant women admitted for delivery using RT-PCR. All neonates born from SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers were isolated and tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection .On the basis of the RT-PCR result (negative vs. positive), statistically signicant differences were found for maternal characteristics, such as mean gestational age (37-38 vs. 35-36), medical comorbidity (4% vs. 8%), and maternal outcomes like the C-section rate (25% vs. 62.4%), preterm delivery (2.5% vs. 5.5%),Deaths ICU Admissions (1.5% vs 0.7%) Anemia (69% vs 45%) Deaths (0.01% vs 0.5%) and perinatal outcomes like mean Low birth weight (1.9% vs 4.1%), low Apgar score (1.8% vs. 3.9%), IUD (1.5% VS 2.2%) and fetal distress (9% vs. 23.2%) among SARS-CoV-2 negative and positive cases, respectively. No neonate from SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women was found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: This retrospective comparative study highlights the signicant impact of COVID-19 on maternal and neonatal outcomes. The incidence of preterm labor and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit were signicantly higher in the COVID-19 positive group. Therefore, it is crucial to provide adequate care and management for pregnant women infected with COVID-19 to improve maternal and fetal outcomes
AN EXPLORATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Rayudu Supriya
Published: August 2023

This survey explores Chromatography, specically focusing on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). HPLC enables qualitative
and quantitative analyses of pharmaceutical and biological compounds, playing a pivotal role in examination, advancement, and production.
HPLC is a powerful separation technique, eluting and segregating constituents of a mixture through adsorption in the immobile phase due to their
afnity for the stationary phase. Unlike traditional columns, HPLC employs a forcibly pumped mobile phase, ensuring superior performance and
rapid analysis. HPLC offers numerous advantages, including selectivity, accuracy, precision, and efcient automation, making it indispensable in
scrutinizing pharmaceuticals and chemicals. Furthermore, it distinguishes and puries individual components in complex mixtures in analytical
chemistry and biochemistry. This article extensively explores HPLC's underlying principles, classications, monitoring techniques, applications,
benets, methodological advancements, and crucial validation parameters. The signicance of HPLC in contemporary scientic practices,
particularly in pharmaceutical and biomedical research, guarantees drug quality and product safety. This investigation illuminates the pivotal role
played by HPLC in enhancing the comprehension and application of chromatographic techniques.
PREVALENCE AND EVALUATION OF PERIPARTUM DEPRESSION IN WOMEN ATTENDING RHTC AND UHTC OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL OF SAURASHTRA REGION OF GUJARAT
Authors: Misra Swati , Devendra Ganji Vaishnavi , V. Parmar Dipesh
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Perinatal and postnatal are the two most vulnerable time periods in the life of woman. As during those periods, many changes like
physical, physiological, psychological, social and mental changes occur which can lead to many issues among women. To Aims & Objectives:
study the prevalence of depression among women in peri-partum period and to nd the association of peripartum depression and its risk factors.
Methodology: Cross-sectional Hospital based study which was conducted at rural and urban areas under government medical college, Gujarat
amongst women in peri-partum period using EPDS. Verbal informed consent was taken from every subject. The study was initiated after it was
approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of MPSGMC. Out of total 200 partic Results: ipants, mean age was 26 years. Prevalence of
perinatal depression was 9%. This study concluded depression among women in peri-partum Conclusion: period and recommends increased role
of health-care workers and family members in prevention, screening and treatment of depression in such women.
CORRELATIVE STUDY OF SERUM URIC ACID AND CALCIUM WITH ADVANCING STAGES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Bera Taposhi , Rajasekhar Kennedy Gujju , Vaibhav Gujju , Bhavani V.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: CKD resulted in 1.2 million deaths in 2017 and was the 12th leading cause of death worldwide. In this study role of serum calcium
and serum uric acid in the pathogenesis ofvarious stages of CKD and ESRD on dialysis will be ascertained.The role of these parameters as
biomarkers of CKD can be used for the prevention, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of the disease. It is a hospital-based Materials And Methods:
observational study.Group A consisting of 50 patients were chronic kidney disease stages 3 and stage 4 patients attending OP at the Department of
Nephrology. Group B 50 consisted of ESRD patients who were undergoing dialysis at the NEPHRO PLUS unit in Nephrology
Department. The clinical parameters recorded during the study period were(mean ± Results: SD) serum calcium levels in CKD 3&4 stages cases
were 9.08±0.54 mg/dl and in ESRD cases 7.78±0.61 mg/dl and The(mean ± SD)serum uric acid levels in CKD stages 3&4 cases were
6.02±1.75mg/dl and in controls 6.95±1.89mg/dl. There is a high statistical signicance in the serum calcium level between the two groups.
Conclusion: In this study, serum uric acid is signicantly increased and serum calcium is signicantly reduced in ESRD patients when compared to CKD stage 3,4 patients.
A RARE CASE REPORT OF BILATERAL URETEROCELE IN MALE PATIENT WITH IMPACTION OF STONE IN RIGHT SIDED URETEROCELE.
Authors: Ahsan Manawwor , Kaushal Athish , Yadav Chandrahas
Published: August 2023

Bilateral ureterocele is a very rare condition and its presentation in a old male with impacted stone in it is rarest condition diagnosed in urology. The
incidence of ureterocele is 1 in every 4000 livebirth and of all ureterocele 10% are Bilateral. It is 4 to 5 times common in females than males. We are
reporting a case of a 60 year old male having bilateral ureterocele with a impacted stone in right ureterocele presenting the complain of urinary tract
infection and pain in Bilateral anks. His diagnosis is made by ultrasonography followed by IVP. Patient was managed surgically by deroong and
excision of the ureteroceles and by removing the stone.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MENSTRUAL CUPS AND SANITARY PADS IN MAINTAINING MENSTRUAL HYGIENE
Authors: Krantiprasad Patil Swapnali , Deshmukh Jyotsna , Solankhe Pranita
Published: August 2023

Background: In many parts of the world, menstrual hygiene management remains a signicant challenge, particularly for women in low and
middle-income countries. Concerns have been raised about their environmental impact, cost-effectiveness, and potential adverse effects such as
vaginal discomfort, skin irritation, and leakage. The present study is aimed to assess the impact of uses of menstrual cups and conventional sanitary
pads during menstruation for maintaining menstrual hygiene. 200 women in child bearing age Methodology: group of 18-45 years including
medical staff and women attending Gynaecology OPD were chosen for study. 100 Women were advised, counseled and trained in using menstrual
cups, mainly about insertion, cleaning and emptying by demonstration. Other 100 women are advised to use sanitary pads, for 3 menstrual periods
for 3 months. Review taken during each menstrual cycle using questionnaire. Telephonic review taken in each cycle and difculty regarding its
uses were noted and solved. The women had a mean age of 24.5years (sd 0.89) at basel Results: ine. Two-thirds of the women reported experiencing
cramps during menstruation, and a quarter of them stated that their menstruation was heavy. Women who reported recent sanitary pad use stated
that they used an average of 8 pads per menstrual cycle, averaging 2 pads per day over the course of 4 days of menstruation. The reported uptake and
use of cups by the women increased from 39% after one month to 80% by the end of 3 months. The aggregate mean acceptability score for the ve
measures increased signicantly from 73 to 81 out of 100 (F 17.2; p < 0.001) over the study period among women who reported being able to and
using the cup. For women allocated pads, the aggregate acceptability score among those who reported being able to and using pads increased from
83 to 89 out of 100 (F 32.5; p < 0.001) over the study duration. The aggregate score of acceptability measures among women reporting being able to
use the cup or pad and women reporting not being able to use them. Insertion was slightly less problematic, with 9% of women reporting difculties
at 3 months, which dropped to 5% by the end of the study. This study demonstrates that Conclusion: both menstrual cups have better acceptability
as compared to sanitary pads among primary women in this population as menstrual cups are easy to use, easy to dispose and easily available.
Although the proportion of women initially experiencing problems was higher among cup users but later after proper instructions, most of these
issues were resolved within the rst few weeks of use and acceptability increased for cups
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF APICAL TRANSPORTATION AND CANAL CENTRING ABILITY OF DIADENT DIA-X FILE SYSTEM AND WAVE ONE GOLD FILE IN THE APICAL REGION OF CURVED MOLARS USING CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY : AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: S Vikramanka , K B Jayalakshmi , I Sujatha , A S Anusha
Published: August 2023

Aim: To compare the centric ability and apical transportation of newer rotary NiTi le system, DIA-X and reciprocating le system Wave One
Gold. 40 Human permanent mandibular molars extracted were selected. The crown of each select Methodology: ed tooth was sectioned at the
level of the cementum enamel junction using a diamond disc to standardize the root length to 12mm. Pre instrumentation images were taken by
CBCT scanning. A glide path was performed through a size 10 K-le. Group One- The canals were prepared using WaveOneGold le system.
Group Two- The canal was prepared using DiaDent Dia X le system (According to manufacturer's description). After canal shaping post
instrumentation CBCT scans were performed same as pre instrumentation scans. Pre and post-operative CBCT scans were compared, and the
transportation in the mesiodistal direction was calculated. The horizontal sections were used, and the dimensions were measured by calculating the
shortest distance from the periphery of the un-instrumented canal to the periphery of the tooth in both mesial and distal directions and then
compared with the values measured from the prepared canals. The canal centring ratio at each level will be calculated using the formula. Statistical
analysis: Expression of Apical Transportation & Canal Centering in the form of Mean & SD for each group. Mann Whitney test was used to
compare the mean Apical Transportation & Canal Centering at different distances between two groups. The level of signicance was set at P<0.05.
Results: The mean Apical Transportation value at all three levels i.e., apical(3mm), middle(5mm) and coronal(7mm) WOG les showed lesser
canal transportation in comparison to DIA-X les, and the results were statistically signicant. The mean canal centering value at all three levels i.e,
apical(3mm), middle(5mm) and coronal(7mm) WOG les showed greater canal centering ability in comparison to DIA-X les the results were
statistically signicant. Group 1: WOG showed the highest canal centering ability and least apical transportation compared to Group 2: DIA-X .
This study focused on behavior of NiTi les in curved canals and their ability to remain center inside, following the natural anatomy of the canal.
Conclusion: WOG can be used efciently inside the canal with tolerable value of canal transportation. DIA-X les had considerably higher canal
transportation compared to WOG.
“AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON QT INTERVAL IN THE PATIENTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS ATTENDING AT TERTIARY CARE TEACHING INSTITUTE, RANCHI, JHARKHAND”
Authors: Arya Tushar , Kumar Rajendra
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cardiac and autonomic dysfunctions are most important complications that cause mortality silently among long standing asymptomatic Diabetes mellitus. Electrocardiographic changes especially QTc prolongation has associated with this. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of prolong QT interval among Diabetic Population. Methods: An observational study on QT interval among 77 Diabetics was carried out from July 2021 to September 2022 after getting approval from Institutional Ethics Committee, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. Statistical methods: Data were entered and analyzed using Excel & SPSS software. Prevalence and mean with S.D. and P-value were calculated with the help of software. Results: Mean corrected QT interval (QTc) interval was 421.40±27.42. Three patients (4%) out of 77 had recorded QTc input less than 350 milliseconds. QTc interval was normal in 53 (69%) cases and Prolong QTc in 21 (27%) cases. Conclusion: Prevalence of prolong QTinterval among Diabetic Population of Jharkhand was a 27%. Prolongation of QTc was related to increased duration of DM
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIAL EXUDATES OF LEUCAS ASPERA
Authors: S Darsha , R Athira , S Amitha
Published: August 2023

Leucas aspera is a tropical herb that comes under the family of Lamiaceae. This plant is traditionally used for treating various infections. Endophytic bacteria are symbiotic bacteria that reside within the plant. However, shoots are preferable due to their benecial properties. Here we are attempting a comparative analysis of phytochemicals and endophytic bacterial exudates from Leucas aspera. Phytochemical screening of leaf and stem extract was done using solvent extraction. Endophytic bacteria were isolated and characterised microscopically and biochemically. Antibacterial activity of the plant extract and exudate from endophytic bacteria were performed against certain clinically isolated bacteria using Kirby-Bauer method. The antibacterial activity of both the stem and endophytic bacteria was carried out against three pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. From the study it is evident that the endophytic bacterial exudate from Leucas aspera possesses more potential antibacterial activity than the shoot extract and Staphylococcus aureus showed maximum inhibition. The study revealed that further research on this plant may lead to exploring novel bioactive compounds.
PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF PREHYPERTENSION AND HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS RESIDING IN SLUMS: A COMMUNITY-BASED STUDY.
Authors: Verma Saurabh , Kumar Arun , Singh Ganesh , Mittal Chhaya , Gautam Neelam
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The adult populations in slum areas are more vulnerable to hypertension as they are so busy with the fullment of even day-to-day
basic needs and care, family commitments and economic stress. Aim and objectives: To estimate the prevalence of prehypertension and
hypertension and their predictors. Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was carried out among adults aged between 25 to 44 years
residing in the slums of Meerut District. 30 Cluster Sampling technique was used. The slum was selected as a cluster unit. During the visit by houseto-house survey, members of the family were listed and eligible persons were interviewed and examined. Results: The cumulative prevalence of
hypertension came out to be 21.9%, while 30.2% of the study population was pre-hypertensive. education, occupation, marital status,
socioeconomic status, overcrowding, salt intake & type of diet were found to be statistically signicant
A STUDY ON EFFECT OF SMOKING ON HEARING IN POPULATION VISITING IN TERTIATRY CARE HOSPITAL OF WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Aggarwal Anubhav , Agarwal Chandresh , Ray Debabrata
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Few of the studies advocate that cigarette smoking is highly associated with the development of hearing loss both Conductive and Sensorineural type. However, comprehensive audiological evaluation on smokers has been scarce. Thus there is an extremely important need to assess the hearing status in smokers and to view pathophysiology of auditory system in greater detail which has been carried in this study. Aims and Objective of the study : To study the incidence of hearing loss in rural population by pure tone audiometry and to study the effect of smoking on hearing loss Methodology: The population included in the study was from the rural area of various age groups in Western Uttar Pradesh and were screened for hearing loss. Their detailed history was taken. Their personal history and life style habits like smoking and consumption of alcohol were noted. The rate of smoking was calculated by number of Pack Years. Following a complete examination to rule out any disease the individuals were subjected to pure tone audiogram under the frequencies 500,1000,2000,4000. The data was collected in the Performa and was evaluated by statistics. Result: According to our analysis, individuals in the smoking group had signicantly increased hearing loss compared to those in the nonsmoking group. These results are consistent with early clinical studies reporting decreased hearing sensitivity in smokers compared with nonsmokers. In the present study, pathological auditory involvement is clearly evident in smokers. The pure tone audiometric nding indicated reduced hearing sensitivity. Sensorineural hearing loss was more prevalent in smokers. Mild sensorineural hearing loss occurs in cigarette smokers.
COMPARISON OF GLOTTIC VIEWS AND INTUBATION ATTEMPTS IN SUPINE AND 25 DEGREE BACK-UP POSITIONS
Authors: Sawlani Pinky , Keniya Varshali
Published: August 2023

Background- Optimal glottic view is a necessity for successful endotracheal intubation and is a cornerstone for general anaesthesia induction. During laryngoscopy, glottis view is dependent on positioning of head and neck. The goal was to compare glottic visualization of Modied Cormack Lehane Grading (MCLS) and Percentage of Glottis Opening (POGO) score, number of laryngoscopy and intubation attempts, use of ancillary equipment for intubation in supine and 25 degrees back-up positions. Non randomized Materials and Methods- comparative observational study was conducted in a Tertiary Hospital, which included 300 patients between 18-70 years, ASA 1, 2, 3, excluding patients with difcult airway, BMI more than 30, undergoing emergency surgery and requiring rapid sequence induction. Group S with 150 patients- Intubation done in supine snifng position, group B with 150 patients- Intubation done in 25 degree back-up position by exing the operating table at the patient's hips, to an angle of 25 degrees, aligning sternal notch and external auditory meatus. Chi-Square test or Fisher's exact probability test as well as independent sample t test were used for analysis. Patients Results- with a higher MCLS and lower POGO score were signicant in group S as compared to group B (P value <0.05, P value <0.05 respectively). Although there was no difference in laryngoscopy attempts (P value >0.05), a signicant difference in intubation attempts and use of ancillary equipment (P value <0.05) was noted. Achieving optimal glottic Conclusionviews are essential, which can be improved using 25 degree back-up position, with lesser use of ancillary equipment.
A study of the diurnal activity of Glossina palpalis R.D. (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Niger State, Nigeria using the Challier and Leveissiere trap
Authors: TENABE S.O.
Published: August 2023

The trap design of Challier and Laveissiere (1973) was used in constructing five similar biconical traps for the study of diurnal activity of G.p. palpalis. The traps were sited near River Mainyara in Shaffini area of Niger State, within the Guinea Savanna zone of Nigeria. A ‘total of 3,983 G.p. palpalis were caught during 12 days of continuous hourly trapping from 5 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily in August, 1976. The number of flies caught increased from morning to 2 p.m. and decreased during late afternoon. Between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m., approximately 93% of the total were trapped. 40% of the flies caught were hungry and 2% teneral. Almost two-thirds of the catch were females, 12% of them pregnant. 47.38% of all flies caught were in the trap which was situated near a cattle track.
Seasonal colour variation in some acridoid grasshoppers (Orthoptera) in the Sudan Savanna of Zaria, northern Nigeria
Authors: OYIDI O.
Published: August 2023

The development of black coloration by some grasshoppers after the burning of their habitats has been studied. Only 11 out of the 80 species encountered exhibit this ability and the process appears reversible. Both the integument and elytra blacken. The blackening is positively correlated with the degree of burning of the environment or the exposure of the grasshoppers
Studies on grasshopper damage on pearl millet, Pennisetum americanum (L)K. Schum
Authors: AMATOBI C.I. , THAKARE R.B
Published: August 2023

The damage by grasshoppers on the seedlings and the grains of millet lines was estimated by counting the number of seedlings and grains eaten while the percentage defoliation during the vegetative stage was estimated by measuring the leaf area consumed. The seedling and the vegetative stages of all the millet lines were susceptible to grasshopper damage, although there were differences in the amounts consumed. The percentage grain damage on the smooth millet heads was generally higher than that on the bristled heads and the correlation with the length of hairs was significantly negative.
The biology of the sweet potato weevil. Cylas puncticollis Boheman (Colleoptera: Apionidae) in southwestern Nigeria
Authors: ANOTA T. , ODEBIYI J.A.
Published: August 2023

Studies on the biology of C. puncticollis BOH. were carried out under laboratory conditions at 25- 30°C and 70 percent RH. The average incubation period was 3.3 days. There were three larval instars. The duration of larval and pupal stages were 11.4 and 6.2 days respectively. The total development period from egg to adult averaged 20.9 days. The fecundity of mated females ranged from 201 to 496 eggs, with a preoviposition period of 3-4 days (mean 3.6) and an oviposition period of 41-91 days (mean 67.2). The total life span of mated females varied from 44 to 95 days (mean 74.3) while that of mated males ranged from 46 to 69 days (avg, 54.8). An increase in the proportion of females beyond a ratio of 1 male: 1 female and that of males beyond a ratio of 2 males : 1 female had a depressing effect on fecundity.
Potential of crop diversity for pest management II. Mechanisms of influence
Authors: UVAH I.I.
Published: August 2023

The second of a two-part review paper, this attempts to categorize the various mechanisms that have been suggested to be responsible for reductions in the abundance of pests due to diversification of agro-ecosysterns. Examples from work by the author on pest abundance in crop associations between cowpea and sorghum at Zaria and between carrots and onions at Cambridge are also included. It is suggested that existing knowledge on crop diversity could be gainfully exploited to improve polycultural systems in labour- intensive agriculture
Light and Oviposition in Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius)
Authors: ILOBA B.N. , OSUJI F.N.C.
Published: August 2023

Studies on the influence of light on the distribution of eggs in ovipositing female Callosobruchus maculatus showed that they preferred dark to lit conditions and that fewer eggs were laid on the lit upper surface of cowpea seeds than on the lower surface. Fewer eggs were also laid with an increase in photoperiod. These observation can be exploited in designing better storage systems for protecting cowpea against C maculatus.
Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E.coli)
Authors: Hassan Al-Saffar Venus
Published: August 2023

total of 04 Escherichia coli (E.coli) isolates were recovered from women urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Al-Hilla teaching hospital, and private clinics. Isolates were identified to species level with a VITEK-2 system. Among the 40 women of UTI, 27(67.5%) had been preceded by a prior UTI and 13(32.5%) had not. The susceptibility to 4 antibiotics were tested using disc diffusion test, resulting in 9(33.3%), 7(26%), 3(11.1%), 1(4%) were resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantion, respectively with prior UTI. For detection extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E.coli, all 40 isolates were tested by using double-disk test method, and then confirmed by using combination disk test. The results showed that 10 (25%) were β-lactamase producing isolates.
Study the markers of follicle stimulating hormone and transforming growth factor β1 in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome in AL-Najaf Al-Ashraf province
Authors: Abood  Risan  Al-Fartosi Farhan , Sahib Fakhar Al-Naffakh Abbas
Published: August 2023

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting 6-15% of women in age (12-45) years . It is characterized by disturbance in menstrual cycle ,androgenic features, and presence of multiple small cyst in ovaries in ultrasound. It is the important cause of infertility. The etiology of  the disease remains unclear and may be associated with insulin resistance, obesity  , type 2  diabetes mellitus, hyperandrogenism , environmental and familial genetic factors . PCOS has a role is the appearance of  hirsutism , acne  ,  hypertension and dyslipidemia with increase risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Relationship of body mass index (BMI) to dyslipidemia in Type2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: A. Nasser Fadhil , A. Algenabi Abdulhussain , M. Kadhim Ali
Published: August 2023

T2DM is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia as a result of insulin dysfunction. Both Dyslipidemia and obesity are considered cardinal features of T2DM.  Aims: To study the relationship of BMI with serum lipid profile in T2DM patients.Methods: The study consisted of 200 T2DM patients and 200 control individuals. Phenotypic parameters included are body mass index (BMI), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) and lipid profile.Results :The statistical analyses   used to analyze the data.A significant positive correlation of serum TC, TG and LDL levels and significantly negative correlation of serum HDL levels with BMI in patients with T2DM (p<0.001).Conclusion: Dyslipidemiaare associated with BMI in T2DM.
Family Emotions Expressed towards Clients Re-admitted for Alcohol Use Disorder in Rehabilitation Centres in Eldoret, Kenya
Authors: Kibet Lucy J. , Munyua Jennifer K. , Ogula Paul
Published: August 2023

Alcohol use disorder remains one of the socioeconomic challenges in Kenya. The study investigated the effect of expressed family emotions on relapsed clients with alcohol use disorder in rehabilitation centres located in Eldoret town, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. This was in the light of concern that recovered clients with alcohol use disorder relapse soon after re-joining their families. The study was anchored on structural family therapy and used concurrent explanatory mixed methods approach. The quantitative strand of the study used ex post facto, causal comparative design while the qualitative strand used phenomenological research design. Stratified and systematic random and purposive sampling techniques were used to obtain a sample size of 92 respondents, comprising 38 clients with alcohol use disorder, 38 family members, 12 relapsed clients and 4 counsellors in the selected registered and licensed rehabilitations centres. Data was collected using a questionnaire and focus group discussion guides. Quantitative data was cleaned, organized, coded and analysed with the aid of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23. The generated descriptive statistics were summarized and presented in distribution frequency tables. Qualitative data was coded and analysed thematically. The main findings showed that family members expressed high hostility, criticism and over-involvement but low empathy and positive comments towards clients with alcohol use disorder. The study concluded that expressed family emotions affected clients with alcohol use disorder and was a risk factor to relapse. The study recommends that rehabilitation programmes need to involve family members in the treatment of clients with alcohol use disorder.
3D-bioprinted cell-laden hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities for tracheal cartilage regeneration and restoration
Authors: Wang Pengli , Wang Tao , Xu Yong , Song Nan , Zhang Xue
Published: August 2023

Despite the notable advances in tissue-engineered tracheal cartilage (TETC), there remain several challenges that need to be addressed, such as uneven cell distribution for cartilage formation, customized C-shaped tracheal morphology, local inflammatory reactions, and infections. To overcome these challenges, this study proposed the addition of icariin (ICA) and chitosan (CS) into a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to develop a new ICA/CS/GelMA hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, and three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting feasibility. The aim of this study was to construct a TETC, a customized C-shaped cartilage structure, with uniform chondrocyte distribution as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial functions. Our results confirmed that ICA/CS/GelMA hydrogel provides desirable rheological properties, suitable printability, favorable biocompatibility, and simulated microenvironments for chondrogenesis. Moreover, the addition of ICA stimulated chondrocyte proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and anti-inflammatory ability, while the encapsulation of CS enhanced the hydrogels’ anti-bacterial ability. All these led to the formation of an enhanced TETC after submuscular implantation and an elevated survival rate of experimental rabbits after orthotopic tracheal transplantation. This study provides a reliable cell-laden hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities, suitable printability, and significant advancements in in vivo cartilage regeneration and in situ tracheal cartilage restoration.
Chondrocyte spheroid-laden microporous hydrogel-based 3D bioprinting for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Liu Ruiquan , Jia Litao , Chen Jianguo , Long Yi , Zeng Jinshi , Liu Siyu , Pan Bo , Liu Xia , Jiang Haiyue
Published: August 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has brought new promising strategies for the regeneration of cartilage with specific shapes. In cartilage bioprinting, chondrocyte-laden hydrogels are the most commonly used bioinks. However, the dispersion of cells and the dense texture of the hydrogel in the conventional bioink may limit cell–cell/ cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, counting against cartilage regeneration and maturation. To address this issue, in this study, we developed a functional bioink for cartilage bioprinting based on chondrocyte spheroids (CSs) and microporous hydrogels, in which CSs as multicellular aggregates can provide extensive cell– cell/cell–ECM interactions to mimic the natural cartilage microenvironment, and microporous hydrogels can provide space and channel for the growth and fusion of the CSs. Firstly, we used a non-adhesive microporous system to produce homogeneous self-assembled CSs in high-throughput and evaluated the influence of different CSs preparation parameters (cell number and culture time) on CSs, which aids in the preparation of bioink suitable for cartilage bioprinting. Then, polyethylene oxide (PEO) was introduced into gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) to prepare microporous hydrogel. Finally, the CS-laden microporous hydrogels were printed, and the constructs were implanted into nude mice. The results showed that the CSs with 500 cells cultured for 1 day exhibited better proliferation and growth ability in microporous hydrogels compared to those with more cells and cultured for longer time. In addition, the results also demonstrated that the CS-laden bioink can be successfully printed into predefined lattice-shape constructs with little cell damage and regenerated cartilage tissue in vivo with a structure similar to natural cartilage characterized by typical lacunae structure and abundant cartilage-specific ECM deposition. In summary, our study verified the feasibility and advantages of using CSs as building blocks in cartilage bioprinting, which provides novel strategies for the fabrication and regeneration of patient-specific shaped cartilage.
 
Computational fluid dynamics for the optimization of internal bioprinting parameters and mixing conditions
Authors: Ates Gokhan , Bartolo Paulo
Published: August 2023

Tissue engineering requires the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) multimaterial structures in complex geometries mimicking the hierarchical structure of biological tissues. To increase the mechanical and biological integrity of the tissue engineered structures, continuous printing of multiple materials through a printing head consisting of a single nozzle is crucial. In this work, numerical analysis was carried out to investigate the extrusion process of two different shear-thinning biomaterial solutions (alginate and gelatin) inside a novel single-nozzle dispensing system consisting of cartridges and a static mixer for varying input pressures, needle geometries, and outlet diameters. Systematic analysis of the dispensing process was conducted to describe the flow rate, velocity field, pressure drop, and shear stress distribution throughout the printing head. The spatial distribution of the biopolymer solutions along the mixing chamber was quantitatively analyzed and the simulation results were validated by comparing the pressure drop values with empirical correlations. The simulation results showed that the proposed dispensing system enables to fabricate homogenous material distribution across the nozzle outlet. The predicted shear stress along the proposed printing head model is lower than the critical shear values which correspond to negligible cell damage, suggesting that the proposed dispensing system can be used to print cell-laden tissue engineering constructs.
 
3D bioprinting for auricular reconstruction: A review and future perspectives
Authors: Onderková Anna , M. Kalaskar Deepak
Published: August 2023

Congenital abnormalities or acquired trauma to the auricle can result in a need for ear reconstruction and negatively impact a person’s quality of life. Autografting, alloplastic implants, and prostheses are available to treat these issues, but each requires multiple surgical stages and has limitations and complications. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting promises to allow the creation of living, patient-specific ear substitutes that could reduce operative morbidity. In this review, we evaluate the current state of 3D bioprinting methods through a systematic search and review of 27 studies, aiming to examine this emerging technology within the context of existing reconstructive options. The included studies were all non-randomized experimental studies, except for a single pilot clinical trial. Most of these studies involved both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrating the potential of 3D bioprinting to create functional and anatomically accurate engineered cartilaginous frameworks for surgical implantation. Various ways of optimizing printing were identified, from choosing the most suitable material and cell type for the construct to addressing scaffold deformation and shrinkage issues. 3D printing has the potential to revolutionize reconstructive ear surgery by creating functional and aesthetically pleasing auricles. While more research into printing parameters, bioinks, cell types, and materials could optimize results, the next step is to conduct long-term in vivo clinical trials in humans.
Desentralisasi Fiskal dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi: Studi Kasus Eks Keresidenan Banyumas 2011-2022
Authors: Ramadhan Dwi Anto Ihza , Az zakiyyah Nurul Azizah
Published: August 2023

This research focuses on the allocation of balancing funds which include revenue sharing funds, general allocation fund, and special allocation fund which influences economic growth in the Ex-Keresidenan region of Banyumas. The purpose of the research is to determine how much influence each independent variable has and also simultaneously on the dependent variable. The research method used is a quantitative approach with secondary data and using the panel data regression model with variables. Revenue sharing fund (X1), general allocation fund (X2), special allocation fund (X3) and economic growth (Y). The results showed that the special allocation fund variables had a negative and significant effect, while the revenue sharing fund and general allocation fund variables had a significant and positive effect on economic growth.Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengalokasian dana perimbangan yang meliputi dana bagi hasil, dana alokasi umum, dan dana alokasi khusus yang menjadi pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah Eks Keresidenan Banyumas. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh dari masing-masing variabel independen dan juga secara bersama-sama terhadap variabel dependen. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah metode pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data sekunder. Dalam mengolah data menggunakan model regresi data panel dengan variabel dana bagi hasil (X1), dana alokasi umum (X2), dana alokasi khusus (X3), dan pertumbuhan ekonomi (Y). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel dana alokasi khusus memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan, sedangkan variabel dana bagi hasil dan dana alokasi umum memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Secara bersama-sama dana bagi hasil, dana alokasi umum, dan dana alokasi khusus berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Literature Study: The Value Of the Character Of Love For the Motherland In Science Learning
Authors: Maundeni Wazha Bickie
Published: August 2023

Purpose of the study: The purpose of conducting this literature study research is to discover the character of students' love for the motherland in science learning. Methodology: The method used in this research is a literature review. This study was conducted by reviewing 25 articles on the topic under study. Data analysis was carried out in this study using a synthetic matrix. The synthesis matrix is a technique for processing literature study data by interpreting it in diagrams or tables. Main Findings: The character of love for the motherland is a character that shapes students' attitudes to have a sense of nationalism, compassion, and respect for the country. Love for the homeland is perfect to be implemented in science learning, so it can make students appreciate everything done in learning and put forward common interests. A sense of love for the motherland in science learning must be instilled in children early to become human beings who can respect their nation and country. With love for the motherland, students prioritize public interests that are group in nature compared to personal interests. Novelty/Originality of this study: A literature study on love for the motherland will show the importance of the character values of love for the homeland in science learning. So the character of love for the motherland is essential for students.
Systematic Literature Review: Analysis of the Use of Website-Based Physics Learning Devices to Support Students' Abilities in Learning Physics in High Schools
Authors: Karuku Simon
Published: August 2023

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine students' abilities with the use of web-based physics teaching materials at the high school level. Methodology:This research is a qualitative research with a systematic literature review research method. The population in this study were 55 articles obtained from Google Scholar with publications ranging from 2017 to 2022. Meanwhile, the sample in this study were 10 articles related to the title of this study. Main Findings: Through the analysis and review of the articles carried out, it can be seen that website-based physics teaching materials are a form of innovation that teachers can use to support physics learning. The use of website-based physics teaching materials can support the ability to think creatively, independent learning, scientific literacy skills, learning outcomes, and competency achievement. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is the discovery of an innovation for educators in achieving learning objectives and supporting students' abilities, namely through the use of website-based physics teaching materials in high school physics learning which is a good innovation used to help teachers achieve learning goals and support students' abilities.
Arvind Thomas, Piers Plowman and the Reinvention of Church Law in the Late Middle Ages. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2019. xiv, 267 pp.
Authors: Craun Edwin D.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: As the law and literature movement in law schools reminded us several decades ago and Hans-Georg Gadamer before that, law and literature share much cultural work in common: they tackle some of the same communal problems; they interpret and revise norms for conduct;
they evaluate written sources; they weigh what constitutes authority; and they both use and invite similar hermeneutical methods. This is especially so with medieval canon law and Piers Plowman. That capacious dream vision is chock full of forensic elements – trials, lawyerly
debates, confessions, penalties, acts of restitution, pardons – and it is studded with so many legal terms and maxims that John Alford compiled a book-length glossary of them. From the late fourteenth century, readers have been interested in the poem’s legal language and its profound
rethinking of how society can reach justice, especially in economic transactions. Now Arvind Thomas examines how the B and C versions of Piers understand legal problems somewhat differently from canon law and use legal thought in new ways for different ends, types of what he terms “reinventing”
canon law. To do this, he focuses on private sacramental penance, organizing his study around the penitential process: contrition, confession, restitution, and satisfaction.
Stefan Bürger, Spätgotische Baukunst in Unterfranken. Ein Überblick zur Baukultur von 1370 bis 1530. Unter Mitarbeit von Franz Arz, Hans-Jörg Berghammer, Marina Breitschaft, Annika Enßle, Franziska Gradl, Annemarie Graf, Michaela Kraus, Moritz Mertl,
Sabrina C. Throm, mit Fotos von Birgit Wörz u.a. 2 Bände. Quellen und Forschungen zur Geschichte von Bistum und Hochstift Würzburg, Sonderveröffentlichung, 590 und 684 Seiten. Würzburg: Echter Verlag 2022; zahlreiche Ill.
Authors: Rupp Horst F.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Stefan Bürger (Jahrgang 1970), gebürtiger Magdeburger, aufgewachsen in der DDR und dort Absolvent einer Malerlehre sowie eines angeschlossenen Restaurierungs- und weiterhin eines Kunstgeschichtestudiums plus Promotion und Habilitation an der TU Dresden,
ist seit 2014 Professor am Institut für Kunstgeschichte der Universität Würzburg. Schwerpunkte seiner Forschungstätigkeit auf dem Feld der Architekturgeschichte sind etwa der Festungsbau, aber eben auch die architektur- bzw. kunstgeschichtliche Epoche des spätmittelalterlich-frühneuzeitlichen
Baustils. Diesem letztgenannten Forschungsfeld gehören die beiden hier zu besprechenden voluminösen Bände an, die inhaltlich dem architektur- und kunstgeschichtlichen Umfeld seines universitären Wirkungsortes Würzburg, der unterfränkischen Metropole, gewidmet
sind.
Aventiure: Ereignis und Erzählung. Hrsg. von Michael Schwarzbach-Dobson und Franziska Wenzel. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 21. Berlin: Erich Schmidt Verlag, 2022, 260 S.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: August 2023

Abstract Der mhd. Begriff ‘aventiure’ ist sehr vielschillernd und wurde in unterschiedlichen Kontexten gebraucht. Um sich ihm etwas sorgfältiger zu nähern und kritische Perspektiven zu entwickeln, hat sich eine Gruppe von Altphilologen zusammengetan,
offensichtlich auf einer Tagung, wie zumindest ganz am Ende kurz im Beitrag von Mireille Schnyder angedeutet wird, und dann unter der Leitung von Michael Schwarzbach-Dobson und Franziska Wenzel die Vorträge für die Publikation aufbereitet. In elf Beiträgen kommen verschiedene
Aspekte der ‘aventiure’ zur Sprache, meist in der mittelhochdeutschen höfischen Literatur – nicht in der Heldendichtung, obwohl der Begriff auch dort eine wichtige Rolle spielt –, dann aber auch im klassisch-griechischen Roman, was von Susanne Gödde behandelt
wird. Coralie Rippl bezieht auch den Erec von Chrétien de Troyes mit ein, und Julia Weitbrecht behandelt im Kontext des Themas Jagd und Aventiure u.a. auch das lai “Guigemar” von Marie de France. Mireille Schnyder geht in ihrer Untersuchung auf einen ironischen
Spruch Reinmars von Zweter ein, wo die Aventiurefahrt ironisch gebrochen wird (der Ritte auf der Gans), was als Parodie aufzufassen wäre. Der letzte Beitrag, von Paul Keckeis, diskutiert den modernen utopischen Roman Franz Fühmanns, Der Jongleur im Kino oder Die Insel der Träume,
was hier nicht weiter berücksichtigt werden kann.
Reading Dante with Images, a Visual Lectura Dantis, ed. Matthew Collins. London and Turnhout: Brepols Publisher, Harvey Miller Publishers, 2021, 416 p. Illustrations:8 b/w, 224 col.
Authors: Luchitskaya Svetlana I.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This book is not about the longstanding illustration history of the Divina Commedia as it may seem from the title. The concept of the volume is a certain innovation that emerges by paring two traditions related to Dante and his work, the illustration of the
poem as a form of commentary and the practice of the Lectura Dantis. The idea took shape during the conferences organized by the editor Matthew Collins in 2019–2020 at Harvard University. The contributors were invited to select an individual canto (more or less keeping with the
now established Lectura format) and discuss it in a way that intersects with illustrations of that canto in any type of fine arts and from an early period to the most contemporary of renderings. Consequently, the volume shows the range of approaches that emerged within the framework
of this project. Let us mention some of these perspectives.