bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE INFLUENCE OF INSECURITY ON MATERIALISTIC ORIENTATION
Authors: Todorova V.
Published: November 2021

Materialistic orientation has long been related to various aspects of personality development and subjective wellbeing. Literature and research overview provides evidence that a higher level of materialistic orientation is related to increased external motivation (lack of internalisation of goals), extrinsic aspirations (such as possessions, power and image), overall lower levels of subjective wellbeing and physical health. Materialistic orientation also prevents the future exposure to different situations where a person could fulfil basic psychological needs as defined by Ryan and Deci – autonomy, capability and connectedness. People with higher materialistic orientation are easier influenced by advertisement and media, which in itself leads to strengthening of their materialistic orientation. Research in different countries conducted by T. Kasser and Sheldon and colleagues indicates that the materialistic orientation’s influence is not limited only to people in developed countries and it could be far worse in developing and underdeveloped countries as the capitalistic models spread throughout the world through the processes of globalization. The current article presents the data from an experiment conducted in Bulgaria applying the protocols from Tim Kasser and Ken Sheldon’s experiments in 2001 in the USA. The levels of insecurity of the participants in the experiment group are manipulated by asking them to think and write about their own death. Then all participants are asked to solve a social case by choosing between their own financial benefits and security (greed and fear) or do what is best for the group and others including the environmental sustainability (social interest). The results from the experiment concur with all previous data collected in the USA.
THE PORTFOLIO - A MODERN METHOD FOR FORMATIVE EVALUATION
Authors: Mircheva V. , Prokopov Iv. , Legurska M.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the idea of ​​using the portfolio as an opportunity to fully document the process of developing students' competencies. Its possibilities as a tool for formative assessment, are commented. On the basis of this type of formative assessment the competencies of the student are determined, which gives an idea of ​​the achievements of each of them at the end of a certain stage of the educational process. The motivating function of the portfolio is also considered. The results of a survey conducted among pedagogical specialists are also presented, the aim of which is to prove the possibilities of the portfolio as a tool for formative assessment in the educational process.
"BURNOUT" SYNDROME AMONG TEACHERS AND A MODEL FOR ITS DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Prokopov Iv. , Legurska M. , Mircheva V.
Published: November 2021

The present study explains the cause of "burnout" among teachers and offers the author's model for its diagnosis.
Burnout syndrome can easily be called a "modern teacher's disease" due to the fact that it mainly affects the professional group of teachers.
In the present study we aim to present a brief analysis of the problem and to offer a methodology for diagnosing and self-diagnosing "burnout" among teachers.
The relevance of the research is related to the teachers` high workload of and the problem of the aging teachers, who often complain of exhaustion, lack of motivation, unwillingness to work. This raises the question of the specific working conditions that lead to diseases of the professional group of teachers. For this reason it is necessary to periodically take measures for the prevention of "burnout" syndrome.
Coping with syntactic complexity in English–Chinese sight translation by translation and interpreting students.
Authors: Ma Xingcheng
Published: November 2021

This study approaches syntactic complexity from a relative point of view and examines how translation and interpreting students cope with relative clauses and passive constructions, two exemplifications of syntactic complexity in English–Chinese sight translation. A group of students (N= 23) took part in the study. The study consisted of three parts: an English reading span test, a sight translation task, and a baseline reading task. During the sight translation task, the participants sight translated English sentences with different degrees of structural asymmetry into Chinese in the single sentence context and the discourse context. During the baseline reading task, they silently read the English sentences and answered the comprehension questions. The participants' eye movements in the sight translation and baseline reading tasks were recorded as indicators of cognitive load. Three major findings were generated: (1) Syntactic complexity resulted in a significant increase in cognitive load during the sight translation task. The syntactic aspects of the target language were activated during the initial stage of comprehension, which favoured the parallel view of translation. (2) Although sight translation became more time efficient due to wider contexts, a larger amount of contextual information did not make word-based processing less effortful, as indicated by more fixations and the longer regression path duration in the discourse context. (3) No correlations were found between reading span and cognitive load in addressing syntactical complexity.
Sovietisms as cultural, social and historical realia in English retranslations of Bulgakov's The Fatal Eggs
Authors: Vid Natalia Kaloh , Žagar-Šoštarić Petra
Published: November 2021

Mikhail Bulgakov's fantastic short story The Fatal Eggs (1925) was translated into English by five translators, Mirra Ginsburg (1964), Kathleen Gook-Horujy (1990), Hugh Aplin (2003), Michael Karpelson (2010), and Roger Cockrell (2011). The emphasis in this research is on the linguistic analysis of the translations of cultural, social and historical realia referred to as Sovietisms, which pertain to items characteristic of Soviet discourse in the 1930s. Bulgakov's language is brimming with Soviet vocabulary that refers to various cultural and socio-political elements of Soviet reality. A complete naturalization or even omission of Sovietisms may lead to loss of connotative meanings essential to understanding the context, while foreignizing through transliteration or calquing may disturb the fluency of reading. The purpose of the analysis is to assess the translators' choices and what they imply for the readers. Another aim is to test the assumptions of re-translation theory (Bensimon 1990; Gambier 1994), which states that early translations are more target-oriented than subsequent translations. The analysis employs taxonomies suggested by Vlakhov and Florin (1980) and Mokienko and Nikitina (1998) for the classification of Sovietisms, and Aixelá’s taxonomy of translation strategies (1996) as the grounds for the case study.
PERCEPCIONES SOBRE EL ROL EDUCATIVO DE LAS FAMILIAS CON ESTUDIANTES CON DISCAPACIDAD
Authors: Betancourt Quinatoa Paola Alejandra , Esquivel Esquivel Germánico Napoleón
Published: November 2021

La familia constituye la primera institución educadora del sujeto con discapacidad, al generar procesos que le permiten desarrollarse integralmente y que deben ser optimizados por las instituciones educativas públicas o privadas. El problema surge cuando el rol educativo no se asume en corresponsabilidad con la escuela, porque algunas familias suelen delegar casi toda la educación de sus hijos a las instituciones educativas. A partir de esta problemática se plantea el objetivo de identificar las percepciones de los padres de familia sobre su rol en el proceso educativo de sus hijos con discapacidad. Para alcanzar el fin investigativo propuesto, mediante un enfoque mixto se recurrió a la búsqueda de información en base de datos y al análisis documental, que prosiguió con la aplicación de un cuestionario a una muestra compuesta por 92 familias; se continuó con el análisis de la información y con la interpretación de los resultados. Como conclusión principal aparece que un pequeño grupo de familias aún sigue delegando varias funciones a los centros educativos que frecuentan sus hijos.
Modelling of dynamic response and instability of caisson-type quay wall–soil system under waves
Authors: Ülker Mehmet Barış Can , Baksı Hasan Giray
Published: November 2021

In this study, the dynamic response and instability of a low-permeability deformable caisson-type quay wall (CQW) with backfill soil exposed to standing waves is evaluated. The focus is on the dynamic response and instantaneous liquefaction of seabed and backfill around the CQW. This study aims at closing the knowledge gap about the wave-induced CQW–seabed response without the presence of a breakwater, as the bulk of the prior research has been done on CQWs considering earthquakes as the primary loading source. Finite elements are used, and numerical results are obtained in terms of displacements, pore-pressure and shear stress variations in temporal and spatial domains. Wave-induced instantaneous liquefaction is analysed, and analyses are performed to determine the effect of soil/wave properties on dynamic response and liquefaction. Results indicate that there is considerable liquefaction potential in both seabed and backfill that may play a key role in the stability of the CQW. While such a response is dependent upon the induced wave energy and the CQW motion, seabed parameters alter the instantaneous liquefaction occurrence as well. A slight decrease in the seabed degree of saturation causes a contraction behaviour under the wave-induced motion of the CQW, which, in turn, affects the mechanism of response and the initiation of instability in the seabed.
La simulación en salud: una estrategia de evaluación y formación por competencias
Authors: Álvarez Zuluaga Carlos Andrés , Espinal Correa Claudia , Rubio Elorza Jorge Humberto , Vasco Ramírez Mauricio
Published: November 2021

La simulación clínica no es una novedad. Hace ya mucho se distanció de sus orígenes en la aviación y colonizó áreas como la educación en salud. En este libro se la presenta como una tecnología que, acompañada de recursos como los simuladores y estrechamente ligada al campo de la pedagogía y la didáctica, la pone en un lugar privilegiado dentro de la compleja relación de enseñanza-aprendizaje, es decir, la convierte en una estrategia que contribuye al desarrollo y potenciamiento de las habilidades y destrezas requeridas por las disciplinas en las que se encuentra inmersa, a la vez que favorece la toma de decisiones del futuro profesional, en nuestro caso, del área de la salud. Parte de esto radica en que, una vez insertada en la malla curricular de los programas de educación superior, la simulación permite escalar varios grados de complejidad y situaciones: desde la adquisición de habilidades y destrezas básicas, hasta la compleja toma de decisiones cuya encrucijada pone en tela de juicio la vida de los pacientes. En nuestro caso, la simulación se sitúa bajo un modelo de educación por competencias, acorde con las modalidades y a los requisitos que demandan las instancias gubernamentales que regulan la educación superior que exigen evidencias de lo aprendido y, con ello, el papel de las prácticas académicas (indicadores) en ambientes adecuados. En ese escenario, la simulación da respuesta al profesional que se promete educar bajo una educación atenta a resultados del aprendizaje verificables.
On Criminal Law Risks and the System of Crimes in the Field of Anti-Corruption Compliance
Authors: Markuntsov Sergey , Wassmer Martin
Published: November 2021

Using a broad understanding of criminal law risks, their classification, and issues examined within the recently proposed theory of criminal riskology, the
authors conclude that it is necessary to apply this theory to the research of public relations in the field of counteracting corruption, and specifically, to assess criminal law risks of corruption in the private sector, or commercial corruption. In this connection, alongside the group of corruption-related crimes, corruption crimes that are included in the Russian doctrine of criminal law and criminology, they propose specifying an independent group of crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance, which are based on criminal breach of contracts of service in commercial or other organizations and, primarily, crimes connected with commercial bribery. The authors also use their assessment of Russian and German criminal legislation and the practice of its enforcement to conduct a general analysis of crimes that could be classified as crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance. According to the authors, such crimes include corruption-related crimes proper if they are characterized by specific crime-indication features as well as so-called accompanying crimes (mainly, economic ones). Although a compilation of a full list of corresponding crimes is not included in the scope of this article, the authors believe that it will directly depend on the maximally precise understanding of the «picture» of criminal law risks of corruption in the private sector. They come to the conclusion that the system of crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance differs in its quantitative and qualitative characteristics from the systems of corruption-related crimes and corruption crimes. Separating crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance as a separate group alongside corruption-related crimes (corruption crimes) will make it possible to examine the mechanisms of committing such crimes more thoroughly, to work out special measures of their prevention, to conduct a detailed analysis of their criminological features and, in general, will contribute to the improvement of the system of counteracting corruption within the frameworks of not only Russian, but also German practice of law enforcement.
The Organization of Criminal Proceedings During a Pandemic when the State of Emergency Has Not Been Declared (Using the Example of COVID-19 Pandemic)
Authors: Menzhega Michael , Sawelewa Marina , Smuskin Aleksandr
Published: November 2021

The authors analyze the work of law enforcement bodies in the conditions of the pandemic when the situation has not been recognized as an emergency by the government authorities and the state of emergency has not been announced (using the example of the situation in March — April of 2020 connected with the COVID-19 pandemic). They stress the importance of a comprehensive assessment of how critical the situation is and of carrying out certain actions even before it is recognized as an emergency. The authors also analyze various approaches to this situation used in difference regions of Russia and point out negative consequences of the implementation of some decisions. It is shown that law enforcement activities, in comparison with other functions of the state, provide fewer opportunities for avoiding personal contact with citizens. In this connection, different ways of carrying out criminalistic activities effectively that take into consideration the necessity of minimizing personal contact for the investigator are presented, such as: distance communication, investigative activities in virtual reality, use of unmanned aerial vehicles to examine the scene of crime without visiting the area during lockdown, use of criminalistic robotics and other robotic complexes. The authors note with regret that while the administration of law enforcement during an emergency situation or a state of emergency is supported by research-based recommendations, it is left in a virtual vacuum, research- and methodology-wise, in the situation of restrictive measures and self-isolation. The article describes both measures of general prevention (use of medical masks, disposable gloves, disposable clothes, hazmat suits), and special possibilities provided by information and communication technologies available in the conditions of the fourth information revolution. The latter, according to the authors, are a wider use of videoconferencing (including its use for such investigative actions as interrogation, confrontation, identification parade, examination), use of computer-augmented reality, implementation of the concept of electronic justice and the use of robotic complexes for criminalistic purposes.
Preparation of a Single Cell Suspension from Bronchoalevolar Lavage v1
Authors: B. Wells Steven
Published: November 2021

This protocol describes a method for the isolation of the immune cells, structural and epithelial cells, and progenitors from lavage fluid collected from human lung. By providing defined media formulations, volumes at each step, and a defined dilution factor for density centrifugation, it yields consistent single-cell suspensions across samples.
Spatial Transcriptomics Protocol v2
Authors: Eadon Michael , Melo Ferreira Ricardo , Cheng Ying-Hua , Ashkar Tarek
Published: November 2021

The tissue in OCT undergoes cryosectioning, affixment to the cDNA capture slide, H+E staining, 20x Keyence imaging, tissue permeabilization, RNA capture, and cDNA synthesis. Data is analyzed in Loupe browser and in R prior to uploading to the KPMP Data Lake.
Panorama da vulnerabilidade dos pacientes oncológicos nas demandas por tratamentos de alto custo: o Sistema Único de Saúde à luz da Bioética
Authors: Araújo Ana Thereza Meirelles , Rechmann Itanaína Lemos
Published: November 2021

Objective: this work aims to discuss about the vulnerability of cancer patients in accessing high-cost treatments in the Unified Health System (SUS, in Portuguese). Methods: the approach was qualitative, based on bibliographic research of articles published in bioethics and health journals, as well as analysis of the theses established by the Supreme Federal Court about the provision of high-cost treatments by Brazilian states. It is also, regarding the objective of de descriptive research, characterizing, in the end, the vulnerability of cancer patients, despite the normative prediction of rights that are guaranteed to them. Results: SUS enables citizens to have equal, universal, and free access to health services, however, patients who need assistance health care of high complexity are vulnerable in the face of inequities in access to public health, due to the high-cost technology that these treatments can be associated with. Conclusion: the patient with cancer should be given appropriate treatment in a timely and safe manner, according to the medical literature. However, bureaucracy and failure to provide public health services cause patients affected with neoplasms to face barriers to fulfill their right to health. Thus, they seek for judicial demand aiming at the judicial concession of high-cost treatments.
Effects of the Optional Protocols to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the causes of child death: a statistical study on a global scale
Authors: Nichele Cíntia da Silva Telles , Horta Marco Aurelio Pereira , Ferreira Aldo Pacheco
Published: November 2021

The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a Communications Procedure (OPCP) make commitments and guarantees in relation to child health. The aim of the study is to verify the effects of these commitments on the causes of child death. To analyze these effects, we apply the one-way analysis of variance. For each group, we calculated the averages of child deaths in their respective countries for the years 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017. The p-value resulting indicated whether there was a difference between the means of child deaths in those years that were compared. We also observed the time series for each cause of death over the years 2000 to 2017. The CRC has an expressive adhesion. OPCP has a smaller number of acceptors in all regions compared to CRC. The acceptance of OPCP did not significantly alter the results of the number of deaths in the accepting countries in any of the 13 causes of child death observed. In the non- accepting group, significant differences were found concerning five causes of child death: HIV/AIDS, diarrhoeal diseases, measles, meningitis/encephalitis, and acute lower respiratory infections (p-values 0.01, 0.01, 0.003, 0.002, and 0.003, respectively). Our results suggest that the group of countries that have accepted the OPCP are more committed to issues of child deaths causes studied. In all of them the annual death numbers were considerably lower in this group.
Diplomatik Kriz Dönemlerinde Medyanın Ritmi: Skripal ve Kaşıkçı Olayları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Ritimanaliz
Authors: EYİGÜN Canan
Published: November 2021

Diplomatik krizler, devletler arasında meydana gelen iki ya da çok taraflı anlaşmazlıklardır. Bu krizlerin sürelerini ve etkilerini devletlerin tavırları belirlemektedir. Diplomatik krizlerin seyri hakkında bilgi veren yapılardan biri de medyadır. Medya, diplomatik krizleri hatırlatarak siyasi, ekonomik, askeri ve ideolojik hesaplaşmaların sürdürülmesine zemin hazırlayabilmektedir. Uluslararası medyanın diplomatik krizler karşısındaki tavrında merkez ülkelerinin siyasetleri belirleyici olabilmektedir. Devletleri ya da blokları karşı karşıya getiren krizlerin medyada yer alma sıklığı haber ritimlerini etkilemekte, haber ritmi sona ermeyen olaylar baskı unsuru olarak kullanılabilmektedir. 2018 yılında eski çifte ajan Sergey Skripal’e yönelik suikast girişimi ve Gazeteci Cemal Kaşıkçı’nın Suudi Arabistan konsolosluğunda öldürülmesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan diplomatik krizler bunun örneklerindendir. Bu çalışmada diplomatik krizlerin medyanın ritmini nasıl etkilediği ve haber ritmi üzerinden krizlerin nasıl devam ettirildiği gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. BBC, CNN ve RT’nin Skripal olayı ve Kaşıkçı suikastına dair haberleri Henri Lefebvre tarafından temelleri atılan “ritimanaliz” yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Ritmin baskı anlamına geldiği kabulüyle hareket edilen çalışmada, farklı ideolojileri temsil eden uluslararası yayın kuruluşlarının haber ritimleri örnek olaylar üzerinden karşılaştırılmış, resmî söylemleri yansıtma eğilimi gösteren medyanın diplomatik krizlerin sürdürülmesinde, tırmandırılmasında ve tarafların tezlerini savunmalarında rol oynadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Türkiye’de İletişim Çalışmaları Alanında Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemeleri: Lisansüstü Tezler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: KUBİLAY Çağla
Published: November 2021

Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemeleri (ESÇ), Türkiye’de iletişim çalışmaları alanında 1990’lardan bu yana
giderek yaygın bir uygulama alanı bulmaktadır. Öyle ki bu çalışmalar, üzerinde analiz yapılabilecek
boyuta ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, 1990-2020 yılları arasında ESÇ’nin uygulandığı yüksek
lisans ve doktora tezlerinin genel özelliklerini ve eğilimlerini ortaya koymak ve bu sayede gelecekte
alanda yapılacak çalışmaların yönelimlerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlamaktır. Bu doğrultuda YÖK Tez
Tarama Merkezi’nden erişilen 486 tez; yıl, üniversite, anabilim dalı, konu, benimsenen ESÇ yaklaşımı,
dil, medya türü vb. parametreler etrafında incelenmiştir. Otuz yıllık dönemin incelendiği bir literatür
değerlendirmesi olan bu çalışmanın temel bulgularından biri, tezlerin en çok Marmara, İstanbul, Ankara,
Gazi ve Selçuk Üniversiteleri’nde ve ağırlıklı olarak Gazetecilik Anabilim Dalı’nda hazırlandığıdır.
Çoğunlukla gazete haberlerinin incelendiği tezlerde, en sık tercih edilen yaklaşım ise Teun Adrianus van
Dijk’ın yaklaşımıdır. Araştırmacıların, iletişim çalışmaları alanındaki tezlerinde Norman Fairclough ve
Ruth Wodak’ın yaklaşımlarına fazla ilgi göstermediği de bu çalışmanın bir başka önemli bulgusu olarak
ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular bir arada değerlendirildiğinde, ESÇ tezlerinde görülen
niceliksel artışa ve incelenen konularda gözlemlenen çeşitliliğe rağmen medya türleri, söylem tipleri,
medya ölçeği ve benimsenen yaklaşım açısından eşitsiz bir gelişimin olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Lisansüstü
iletişim çalışmalarının gelecekteki yönelimlerine katkı sağlamayı amaçlayan bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki ESÇ
literatürünün gelişip zenginleşmesi ve güncel tartışmaları yakalayabilmesi için saptanan bu kör noktaların
dikkate alınmasını önermektedir.
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis Based on Arias Intensity in the North–South Seismic Belt of China
Authors: Li Xuejing , Xu Weijin , Gao Mengtan
Published: November 2021

Arias intensity (IA), as an important seismic parameter, which contains the information of amplitude, frequencies, and duration of ground motion, plays a crucial role in characterizing seismic hazard such as earthquake-induced landslides. In this article, we conducted probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) based on IA in China’s north–south seismic belt. We adopted the seismic sources and seismicity parameters used in the fifth generation of the Seismic Ground Motion Parameter Zoning Map of China, and two ground-motion model of IA. The results show that the values of IA are greater than 0.11 m/s in most regions of the north–south seismic belt. The provincial capital cities and most prefecture-level cities in the seismic zone are located in the region with IA-values greater than 0.32 m/s. The values of IA are above 0.54 m/s in the region around the main fault zone. This means that the north–south seismic belt is prone to extremely high-seismic hazard, particularly earthquake-induced landslides. Therefore, it is important to strengthen the evaluation and prevention of earthquake-induced landslides in this area. As we have found significant differences in the values of IA calculated from different ground-motion model, it is necessary to study the ground-motion model of IA for the western geological environment of China. In addition, the PSHA based on IA gives more consideration to the influence of large earthquakes than that based on peak ground acceleration. Therefore, IA plays an important role in seismic design of major engineering projects. The results of this article are of great scientific significance for understanding the seismic hazard of the north–south seismic belt.
İBN AMMÂR EL-ENDÜLÜSÎ'NİN ŞİİRLERİNDE TABİAT TASVİRLERİ
Authors: ŞEN Ahmet , UÇKAN Şemsettin
Published: November 2021

İbn Ammâr el-Endülüsî, Endülüs’te Abbâdîler döneminde yaşamış ve bu devlette vezirlik yapmış bir şairdir. Çocukluğunda Şilb şehrine gitmiş, daha sonra Kurtuba’ya giderek eğitimini tamamlamıştır. Kurtuba tecrübesinden sonra para kazanmak maksadıyla çeşitli krallıkları dolaşmıştır. Son olarak Mu‘tazıd-Billâh ile karşılaşan İbn Ammâr, ona ithâfen söylediği Râiyye kasidesi sayesinde saraya şair olarak girmiştir. Mu‘tazıd-Billâh’ın vefatından sonra sarayda vezir olmuştur. Mu‘temid-Alâ’llâh devrinde siyasî olarak birçok başarı elde etmiş, daha sonra çeşitli olaylardan dolayı katledilmiştir. İbn Ammâr bu üst düzey devlet görevinin yanında söylediği şiirlerle Arap edebiyatında önemli bir yer edinmiştir. Şiirlerini genel olarak hiciv, fahr, i‘tizar ve müstehcen gazellerden meydana getirmiştir. Şairin tabiat tasviri ile ilgili şiirleri de vardır. Bu çalışmada İbn Ammâr’ın tabiat tasviri ile ilgili şiirleri incelenmiştir. Şairin övgü, ihsân, cömertlik, sevgiliden ayrılma, vatan hasreti, çektiği sıkıntı ve acılar vb. durumları tabiat unsurlarını kullanarak şiirlerinde nasıl tasvir ettiği ifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada İbn Ammâr’ın hayatına değinilmiş, tabiat tasvirinin genel çerçevesi çizildikten sonra çalışmanın asıl konusu olan şairin tabiat unsurlarını nasıl ele aldığı incelenmiştir.
Ruralidad desde la perspectiva de la psicología económica: caso de estudio sector El Tambre, Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Cifuentes Ríos Leonardo , Cifuentes Gómez Cindy
Published: November 2021

La estigmatización y la subvaloración del campesinado colombiano han sido una constante a lo largo de la historia del país. Con el propósito de facilitar el entendimiento de las dinámicas de conducta de la población campesina, en este artículo se analiza el tema mediante la economía del comportamiento desde las contribuciones de Daniel Kahneman, Vernon Smith y Richard Thaler. Se asume que el comportamiento no es puramente racional, como lo supone la teoría económica tradicional, lo que permite dilucidar expectativas de desarrollo de los individuos y la dinámica de sus motivaciones y actuaciones. Los comentarios conseguidos a través de una entrevista directa a la población rural en el municipio de Tuta, departamento de Boyacá, Colombia, específicamente a la comunidad El Tambre, de la vereda Agua Blanca, nos permitieron conocer la psicología del campesino. Con relación a su psique, los resultados indican que durante años los campesinos no han podido superar sus vulnerabilidades y, por el contrario, es evidente cómo se someten a "estrategias" de afrontamiento que terminan siendo poco adaptativas para su entorno.
Statistical treatment of signal power measurements under identification of the distant radiator antenna directional pattern
Authors: Krutskikh P. P. , Radzievskiy V. G.
Published: November 2021

Based on the use of the least squares method and the fastest gradient descent algorithm, the procedure for approximation of measurements of the radiation power of the transmitting antenna has been developed. This procedure involves an average power pattern of a linear type antenna with random amplitude and phase deviations on the assumptions of their normal distribution, consistency of average amplitude and phase dispersion along the antenna, Gaussian form of the correlation coefficient of deviations. As an approximation quality criterion, the minimum of the sum of the squared deviations of radiation power estimates at points of measurement from theoretical values of a random function that determines the shape of the radiation pattern is used. Given the nonlinearity of the function, the numerical approximation procedure based on the fastest gradient descent method has been proposed. The direction of descent at the next iteration is selected on the basis of the current value of the gradient of the criterion function. The criterion for the completion of the process is the achievement of a stationary, in a statistical sense, area of the function.
Complementary spherical surface screens
Authors: Kovalyov I. P. , Kuzikova N. I.
Published: November 2021

Ideally conducting spherical screens (SS) are investigated in this work. Boundary conditions on the surface of the field inside the sphere and outside it give relations connecting the elements of the scattering matrix (SM) of SS. These relations make it possible to express 4 submatrices of the SS SM in terms of one submatrix. The problem of the relationship between the characteristics of additional SS is considered. This problem is an analogue of Babinet's problem on additional flat screens. Combining additional flat screens forms a perfectly conducting plane, and combining additional SS gives a perfectly conducting sphere. When establishing the relationship of the characteristics of additional SS, they are considered, on the one hand, as a system of two bodies. On the other hand, this system forms a perfectly conducting sphere, the SM of which is diagonal. Equating the SM of the system with the SM of an ideally conducting sphere gives the sought relationship between the SMs of additional SS. The results of numerical verification of the relationships for the SM of additional SS are presented. In numerical calculations, the dimensions of the SS SM, which are infinite in the general case, have to be limited, this leads to an error. It is shown that with an increase in the SM dimension, the error decreases, and the elements of the resulting matrix approach those of the SM of an ideally conducting sphere. This confirms the validity of the relations for the SM of additional SS. The interrelation of characteristics of additional SS obtained in this work is analogous to the Babinet principle for additional flat screens. We believe that it will turn out to be just as popular and useful in calculating spherical screens and antennas, as Babinet's principle for flat screens and flat antennas.
Computer simulation of human head irradiation by a cell phone field
Authors: Drach V.E. , Litvinenko A.A. , Solovyev V.A.
Published: November 2021

Communication systems are developing at an incredible speed. This also applies to mobile communication systems, which today are among the most important telecommunication systems operating at microwave frequencies. Working mobile phones are sources of non-ionizing radiation near the head or body. Despite the fact that the average person spends several conversations on a cell phone every day, the issue of the impact of radiation on health has not yet been fully studied. Simulate the effect of cell phone radiation on biological tissues of the human body, in particular on the head. Two computer models of the human head have been built. Computer simulation of the effect of cell phone radiation on biological tissues of the human body has been performed. An important feature of the model is the presence of layers with different parameters. The layers correspond to real biological tissues (skin, adipose tissue, muscle, skull and brain). A study of the field distribution in the volume of the human head, induced by a working mobile phone, is presented. The specific absorption coefficient was determined. Shown is the thermal effect caused by exposure to radiation from a mobile phone. In the case of the multilayer model, lower values of the specific absorption coefficient were obtained, which can be explained by the use of a more accurate computer model. It became possible to graphically represent the propagation of electromagnetic waves through the head model. The temperature distribution over the surface and in the volume of the human head is illustrated.
Contribution estimation of singular points in solving problems of radiation of HF VHF wire antennas arbitrarily located above the earth
Authors: Perfilova A.O.
Published: November 2021

The radiation solving the problem features of the wire antennas placed above the earth are considered. Based on the method of integral equations, the singular points contribution in solving radiation problems of the HF VHF wire antennas arbitrarily located above the earth is researched. The contribution of singular points is estimated depending on the frequency and parameters of the earth. It is shown that in the HF and VHF waves, their contribution of singular points is significant. The radiation solving the problem features of the wire antennas placed above the earth are considered. The value of elements of the Green’s tensor function is usually expressed in the Sommerfeld’s integrals form. The aim of this work is to estimate the contribution of singular points to the value of Sommerfeld’s integrals. Based on the method of integral equations, the singular points contribution in solving radiation problems of the HF VHF wire antennas arbitrarily located above the earth is researched. The contribution of singular points is estimated depending on the frequency and parameters of the earth. It is shown that in the HF and VHF waves, their contribution of singular points is significant.
Algorithm for implementation of the «third decision scheme» of increasing the efficiency of search and synchronization of difficult broadband noise like signals
Authors: Snytkin I.I. , Snytkin T.I.
Published: November 2021

The construction of telecommunication networks with a guaranteed level of quality of service involves assessing and ensuring the security of both the networks themselves and information flows from unauthorized access and various kinds of interference, in particular at the 1st (physical) level of the network. In this regard, research in the field of creating recurrent code sequences with improved systemic, correlation, secretive, imitation-resistant properties is constantly relevant. In particular, research in the development and application of derivative nonlinear recurrent sequences, as a central element in the developed theory of the «third decision scheme». Goal of the work is to develop an algorithm for increasing the efficiency of search and synchronization of broadband signals in the form of double derivatives of nonlinear recurrent sequences, which directly uses the features of their code structure, the properties of determinism of their auto- and cross-correlation functions. The results of the research and development of the efficiency of the algorithm for accelerated search and synchronization of broadband complex signals in the form of phase-shift keyed derivatives of nonlinear recurrent sequences, which implements the principles of the «third decision schema» The developed algorithm, based on the use of double derivatives of nonlinear recurrent sequences as wideband signals, can be applied in the construction of promising packet radio networks.
Filter selection for image processing before the landmark detection stage for micro-expression analysis
Authors: Melnik O.V. , Sablina V.A. , Burresi G. , Savin A.V.
Published: November 2021

The automated estimation of the psycho-emotional state of the human and their emotional reactions to the different influences using the video image analysis is an urgent task in different fields, such as: safeguarding in manufacturing, aviation, transportation, prevention of the crimes and terroristic threats, marketing researches etc. A promising direction is the facial micro-expression analysis. The facial micro-expressions are not under conscious control and reflect the objective emotional reaction. One of the key stages of the procedure of the automatic emotion estimation by the facial micro-expressions is the correct facial landmark detection. It is a complex task because of the presence of the different noise in the consecutive frames. Purpose – the investigation of the ways of increasing the performance of the facial micro-expression analysis pipeline by using preliminary video image processing procedures. It is shown that, as the preliminary stage of the micro-expression analysis pipeline, it is reasonable to perform the blurring of the original images to obtain the more stable results. The determined filtering parameters provide the MediaPipe framework a performance increase for the micro-expression analysis problems. It is shown that the video image blurring by the Gaussian filter with a size of 15×15 pixels allows to reduce the noise influence and to decrease the incorrect shifts of the facial landmarks from frame to frame induced by this noise. The proposed procedure of preliminary video image processing can be used for increasing the facial micro-expression recognition performance in emotion recognition systems based on the video sequence analysis.
Using recurrent neural networks for probabilistic classification of the processor architecture of executable files
Authors: Gladkikh A. A. , Komakhin M. O. , Simankov A. V. , Uzenkov D. A.
Published: November 2021

The main problem of applying recurrent neural networks to the problem of classifying processor architectures is that the use of a recurrent neural network is complicated by the lack of blocks that allow memorizing and taking into account the result of work at each next step. To solve this problem, the authors proposed a strategy for using a neural network based on the mechanism of controlled recurrent blocks. Each neuron of such a network has a memory cell, which stores the previous state and several filters. The update filter determines how much information will remain from the previous state and how much will be taken from the previous layer. The reset filter determines how much information about previous states is lost. The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of determining the processor architecture by code from executable files running on this processor by creating methods, algorithms and programs that are invariant to constant data (strings, constants, header sections, data sections, indents) contained in executable files. The paper discusses the features of the use of recurrent neural networks on the example of the problem of classifying the processor architecture by executable code from compiled executable files. The features of the machine code of various processor architectures used in modern computing have been briefly considered. The use of recurrent neural networks has been proposed, which have advantages in terms of speed and accuracy in solving classification problems. It is noted that in order to improve the classification results and practical use, it is necessary to provide a larger volume of the training sample for each of the classes, as well as to expand the number of classes. The proposed method based on a neural network with a mechanism of controlled recurrent blocks has been implemented in the software package that allows processing digital data from executable files for various processor architectures, in particular at the initial stage of security audit of embedded systems in order to determine a set of technical means that can be applied to analysis at subsequent stages. Conclusions have been drawn about the results of measuring the performance metrics of the algorithm and the possibility of expanding functionality without making changes to the architecture of the software package.
Neural network system for detecting and neutralizing remote unauthorized interference into the components of the Internet of Things
Authors: Vlasov A. I. , Zakharov E. R. , Zakharova V. O.
Published: November 2021

In this work the authors have analyzed the neural network system for detecting and neutralizing remote and unauthorized interference with components of the Internet of Things. The main focus is on considering the neural network approach to detecting intrusions into the Internet of Things network, its monitoring and countering suspicious activity on the host. Features of development of model of artificial neural networks for application of apparatus of neural network in this direction have been considered. This allows you to reflect the successful identification of various types of attacks in terms of true and false positive results. However, the problems of obtaining data on overload and critical modes of the system remain unresolved. The use of a neural network system for detecting and neutralizing remote and unauthorized interference with components of the Internet of Things allows you to implement a module for detecting anomalies in the network, based on the Voltaire series, which considers the theoretical prerequisites of the method of dynamically building an artificial neural network. The main types of attacks, types of intrusion detection systems, interpretations of the obtained data, a brief study of works in the field of neural network solutions have been analyzed. An effective solution has been offered to protect workstations in the Internet of Things network from unauthorized access, and to configure security for all component modules. In conclusion, recommendations have been given for implementing the construction of a neural network module that detects deviations in the operation of the Internet of Things from normal modes.
Neuroanalytical model for comparative studies of clinical and kaphist active orthostatic samples
Authors: Mikita G. I.
Published: November 2021

The work is devoted to the study of the clinical and kaphist (literally from the Greek καθιστα – sitting) active orthostatic tests, the result of which is the development of neuroanalytical model of the levels of functional tension of the nervous system and the autonomic tone of the human operator in the human – machine system. The procedure for conducting an active orthostatic test using the kafist method consists in the fact that the cardio intervals are fixed from a sitting position, and then from a standing position. The authors proved that measurements in the supine position with the clinical method and in the seated position with the kaphist method have a correlation coefficient higher than critical, which allows the results of the samples to be considered identical regardless of the method.
Adaptive trainer for preparing students for math exams
Authors: Pominov D.A.
Published: November 2021

Due to the specificity of organizing the learning process in school classes, often students do not have enough time for a practice to solve tasks (like a math or in similar theme) under the supervision of a teacher. In this case, using the services of tutors or selftraining. In recent years, online educational services have become most popular for self-learning. This approach has some limitations, one of which is the inability to individually configure for a specific user. The presented project is aimed at automating the process of e-learning, regarding the acquisition of practical skills in solving mathematical tasks, determining the level of knowledge and reducing the duration of training by reducing the number of tasks depending on the level of training (adaptability). An adaptive testing approach has been implemented to satisfy these requirements. The created Markov models of adaptive testing became the basis for the development of an adaptive trainer for teaching nonformalized skills and abilities necessary for solving mathematical and other problems of sufficiently high complexity that require mastering both the standard technique of constructing reasoning and elements of creative thinking. A web service has been developed to demonstrate how it works. First of all, an adaptive trainer is considered the most effective in cases where it is necessary to order the knowledge and skills, such as to prepare for exams when solving non-formalized tasks (mathematical, technical, algorithmic, etc.). This service is not a substitute for a teacher, but rather complements the existing learning process, expanding the possibilities for self-study.
Hybrid simulation of evolution dynamics in the neural networks basis
Authors: Nechaev Yu. I.
Published: November 2021

Conceptual solutions for constructing a hybrid simulation (HS) system for interpreting behavior of the marine dynamic objects (MDO) in an evolving medium are discussed. The analysis is carried out in the functional spaces of behavior and control of the modern catastrophe theory (MCT). The theoretical basis for the implementation of the multifunctional model of the interpretation of HS determines the principle of structural and parametric synthesis of neurodynamic models under conditions of uncertainty based on the hierarchical structure of the software package. The analysis of behavior MDO and the choice of a solution in a neurodynamic environment is carried out on the basis of ensemble forecast and a matrix of strategic decisions. The interpretation of MDO behavior in HS systems on the base neural-fuzzy and multi-agent environment (MMS) is carried out as part of the Big Data processing strategy for large volumes of data un the regime of urgent computing (UC).
Art is realized by neural networks and organized by interaction of systemic immunoelements with space
Authors: Panov N.V. , Komkov I.B. , Savelyev A.V. , Loginova N.A.
Published: November 2021

The possibility of acquiring and transferring properties through interaction with space is solved in the martial arts of the East (MAE) using the multi-level logic of the system of restrictions. A creative approach to MAE solves the main problem associated with the formation of an individual's personality, and spatial-plane interaction can provide the perception of the required parameters of the system. Therefore, MAE is not only necessary for world art as the latest viable system, but also serves as the foundation for the creation of artificial intelligence (AI). The aim of the research was to analyze the meaning of MAE for art; to show the possibility of obtaining ways of acquiring and transferring properties in art with the aim of consciously influencing recipients. For any kind of art from the point of view of Nikritin's tectonics, which is based on the organizational science of A.A. Bogdanov (tectology) are characterized by universal principles that can be identified in every art. The martial arts of the East (for example, karate) have all the characteristics inherent in art and creativity in general, in which principles can be distinguished that allow them to be combined and actively used in various combinations. The practical use of approaches typical for MAE is possible taking into account the work of feedback, which is based on the possibility of constructing immunized movements, which are important for robotics, including AI, since they do not allow deviations from a given trajectory or assigned tasks.