bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY AMONG SOME COWPEA (VIGNAUNGUICULATA(L.) WALP) AND SESAME (SESAMUMSPP) ACCESSIONS CONSERVED AT GENETIC RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE(GERRI) IN KENYA
Authors:   Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization-Genetic Resources Research Institute, P.O. Box 781-00902, Kikuyu., K. Moi Timon , Muthoni Jane ,   Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization-Genetic Resources Research Institute, P.O. Box 781-00902, Kikuyu., Nyamongo Desterio ,   Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization-Genetic Resources Research Institute, P.O. Box 781-00902, Kikuyu.
Published: September 2024

Cowpea (Vignaunguiculata(L.) Walp) and sesame (SesamumindicumL.) are both adapted to the dry and infertilearid and semi-arid environments (ASALs). These crops are rich sources of high quality protein and essential oils, respectively. Consequently, the two crops are ideal food and nutritionalsecurity commodities for the vulnerable communities who live in these fragile environments.The Genetics Resources Research Institute (GeRRI)s genebankhas amassed 972 and 2491 accessions of cowpea and sesame,respectively. However,utilization of these genetic resources has remained generally low largely due to limited characterization and evaluation data. As one of the measures to mitigate this problem, 123 accessions of cowpeaand 203 of sesame werephenotypically characterized at KALRO- Kiboko field.Five quantitative and nineteen qualitative traits were used to characterize the cowpea accessions whilethree quantitative and twenty one qualitative traits were used to characterize the sesame accessions.According to principal component analysis (PCA), 10 factors accounted for 65% of the total variability among the cowpea accessions while 10 factors accounted for 68% of the total variability among the sesame accessions.Hierarchical clustering generated five similarity clusters (groups) for cowpeas and twomain clusters (groups) for sesame. The hierarchical clusters observed for the crops could be attributed to the regions from which the accessions were collected or donated. Passport data held at the genebank indicate that majority of the cowpea accessions were collected from the Eastern, Western and Coast regions of Kenya or donated from ICRISAT and IITA. Similarly, majority of sesame accessions were collected from Kenya or donated from othercountries such as Israel, Greece, Turkey, Egypt, Somalia, Mexico, Mozambique, Vietnam, South Korea and USA.The diversity in these accessions can be exploited in breeding better varieties of these crops.
A HYBRID DEEP LEARNING APPROACH FOR GROUND OBJECT INFORMATION EXTRACTION FROM HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES
Authors:   School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China., Ammara Gill , Zhang Hongwei ,   School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China., LIU Chang-Hua ,   School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China., NIE Xiaojun ,   School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
Published: September 2024

Ground object information extraction out of hyperspectral images refers to the process of identifying and characterizing different materials or objects present on the earths exterior using hyperspectral imaging technology. Hyperspectral imaging captures images in hundreds of small and adjacent spectral bands, providing more detailed and accurate information about the materials present in the scene. Hyperspectral data is high-dimensional, which can make it challenging to visualize and analyze. This can make it difficult to identify patterns or trends in the data, and can also make it challenging to interpret the results of classification algorithms. In this research work, collected raw images (GIS images) are pre-processed via Augmented median filtering and CLAHE approach. From the pre-processed images, the features like Haralick features, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Standardized Vegetation Index (SVI), correlation coefficient, Green-NDVI (GNDVI), Simple Ratio (SR), and Red-edge Simple Ratio (SRre) based features are extracted. Among the extracted features, the optimal features are preferred utilizing a new hybrid optimization model stated to as Wingsuit Spotted Hyena Optimizer (WSHO) model. This WSHO model is the conceptual blend of standard Wingsuit Flying Search (WFS) and Spotted Hyena Optimizer (SHO) Mineral Exploration phase is modelled with a three-fold-deep-learning-classifiers framework (proposed). The threefold-deep-learning-classifiers framework encapsulates the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and modified Bi-LSTM. SVM and RF are trained with the selected optimal features acquired from WSHO. The outcome from SVM and RF is fed as input to Modified Bi-LSTM. To further enhance the detection accuracy, the loss function of Bi-LSTM is modified. The proposed model is implemented by PYTHON and validated in terms of various performance metrics.
EPIDURAL BLOOD PATCH VIA IN SITU EPIDURAL CATHETER FOR POST DURAL PUNCTURE HEADACHE
Authors: Parekh Shrutika , Arvind Arushi
Published: September 2024

Post Dural Puncture Headache (PDPH) is a known complication of epidural procedures during labor analgesia and cesarean sections. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of managing PDPH using an Epidural Blood Patch (EBP) via an in-situ epidural catheter within 48 hours of accidental Dural puncture (ADP). Out of 1688 epidurals, 65 resulted in ADP (3.85%) with 43 cases developing PDPH (2.85% of total epidurals). Patients with ADP were managed by redirecting the needle and placing the catheter carefully, and those developing symptoms were monitored post-delivery and taken up for EBP if needed. EBP success was observed in 41 out of 43 patients, with two requiring a second patch. Additionally, two patients who initially went home symptom-free returned with PDPH after 7 days and were treated successfully with a single shot EBP. Discussion highlights PDPHs nature, conservative therapies, and the success of EBP in treating moderate to severe cases. Contradicting common practice, we performed EBP within 48 hours to avoid a second puncture, reduce hospital resources, and increase patient satisfaction. The procedure was well-tolerated, providing relief and allowing for early discharge with the baby. Injecting 10-15 ml of blood via epidural catheter effectively spreads blood at low pressure, reducing pressure symptoms and enhancing patient comfort. Careful consideration of contraindications, administration timing, and potential complications is crucial for successful EBP via in-situ catheters, offering a safe and effective treatment option for PDPH within 48 hours of ADP.
THE ENIGMA OF GASTROINTESTINAL CARCINOID TUMORS - CASE SERIES
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Thiruvalla, IND., A. Deepa , K. Joseph Arun ,   Department of Radiology, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Thiruvalla, IND., George Mathew ,   Department of Radiology, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Thiruvalla, IND., S. Mangalanandan ,   Department of Radiology, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Thiruvalla, IND., Benjamin Geena ,   Department of Radiology, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Thiruvalla, IND.
Published: September 2024

Carcinoid tumors are rare biologically heterogeneous group of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) with a spectrum ranging from benign indolent to aggressive metastatic tumors. Imaging can play an important role in the multidisciplinary identification and management of this disease. Often, it is not the primary tumor but the metastases in the liver or mesentery that draws the radiologist's attention. Herein, we discuss 4 cases of gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoid tumors referred to our department.
INFLUENCE OF COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN EDUCATION ON TEACHERS JOB PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Postgraduate Student., Abel O. Ekutie , Romina I. Asiyai ,   Department of Educational Management and Foundations Delta State University Abraka, Nigeria.
Published: September 2024

This study examined the influence of community involvement in education on teachersÂ’ job performance in public secondary schools in Anambra State: Two research questions and two hypotheses served as the studys compass. Ex-post facto design was applied in this descriptive survey research study. The studys population comprised 7800 teachers and 254 principals of Anambra States public secondary schools. The proportional stratified sampling method was applied to sample 600 teachers and 60 principals. Data for the study were gathered deploying an instruments known as the Community Involvement in Education Questionnaire (CIEQ). It had fifteen items in it. The t-test of substantial variance was applied to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 significance level after the data were analyzed deploying the mean and standard deviation for the research questions. The weighted mean scores of 2 points 63 for teachers and 2 points 72 for principals in public secondary schools in Anambra State demonstrated the substantial bearing that community involvement in education through financial support had on teachers job performance. The Anambra State public secondary schools weighted mean scores of 2.63 for teachers and 2.55 for principals suggest that communities have contributed to the provision of infrastructure and that this practice has an influence on educators work output. The report suggested that the Anambra State government increase school funding by offering health programs and constructing infrastructure, such as staff quarters for teachers and access to water.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE CYBERSECURITY ADOPTION AMONG PLAYERS OF THE MARITIME INDUSTRY, MALAYSIA
Authors:   Department of Logistics, Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Ahmad Noorsiah , Aqilah Zainordin Nur ,   Universiti Kuala Lumpur Business School, Malaysia., Aziyatul Izni Nor ,   Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil, 43800 Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia., Kum Kahmin Alessia ,   Department of Logistics, Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Jia Shuen Yip ,   Department of Logistics, Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: September 2024

Cybersecurity has become a crucial concern in the maritime industry due to numerous cases of notorious cyberattacks that happened in the past which caused major financial losses and the theft of organizations confidential information. This research investigates the factors encouraging cybersecurity readiness among the players in the maritime industry in Malaysia. Based on 384 responses from maritime and logistics industry in Malaysia using SPSS software to analyse data would identify the organization and environment context can become the factors encouraging the cybersecurity readiness in maritime industry in Malaysia. The finding from the statistical results shows the organizational and environmental context are the factors that affected the cybersecurity readiness in maritime industry in Malaysia.
ENERGY REDUCTION IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSING UNITS
Authors:   Independent Researcher., Sankhwar Pravin
Published: September 2024

Energy Management, being a pressing issue when energy crisis is considered, becomes a subject of study from a conservation perspective for residential housing units. Utilization of home energy management systems (HEMS) becomes viable when housing units continue to utilize solar photovoltaic systems for local power generation and add additional loads for electric vehicle charging. This paper identifies major areas of poor energy management at home for appliances such as televisions, wi-fi routers, etc., that contain small LED indicator lamps in unused condition when power-offed. Both reductions of energy demand by implementing steps such as restricted heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) thermostats within permissible temperature settings and increasing the local power generation by solar photovoltaic systems becomes another viable solution. Additionally, an integrated home energy management system wherein the customers from different housing units communicate in an integrated manner to flatten the demand curve by shifting some of the loads during off-peak periods serves as a great tool in energy conservation. Some loads become essential loads, whereas many others are deemed non-essential depending on the time-of-day of usage. HEMS tends to select between essential vs non-essential loads for a given customer at a given time and instructs them on the feasibility of switching between grid and household battery energy storage systems or waiting until the grid is prepared to serve a given type of load.
GESTIÓN CONTABLE Y SU FORTALECIMIENTO EN EL PRESUPUESTO DEL GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZADO PARROQUIAL RURAL, PUERTO CAYO
Authors: Quiñónez Cercado Mónica del Pilar , Jiménez Choez Leonela Beatriz
Published: September 2024

La investigación abordó la problemática de la falta de transparencia e ineficiencias en la gestión contable y presupuestaria de la entidad. El objetivo principal es analizar y mejorar la gestión contable para optimizar el uso de los recursos públicos. La metodología incluyó un análisis bibliográfico y cualitativo, empleando la técnica de la entrevista y el método deductivo, inductivo, descriptivo e histórico-lógico. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en la eficiencia y transparencia financiera gracias a la implementación del sistema CONTROL GUB y una optimización en la planificación y ejecución del presupuesto. Las conclusiones destacan la importancia de prácticas contables, la necesidad de mejorar la planificación y gestión de recursos, y la resolución de deficiencias previas para asegurar una administración financiera más efectiva y responsable.
LA CALIDAD DEL SERVICIO Y LA TOMA DE DECISIONES: FUNDACIÓN FUNTEMAN, MANTA
Authors: Soledispa Reyes Sara Geoconda , Pin Guaranda Carol Andrea
Published: September 2024

La investigación aborda la problemática de identificar y mejorar las brechas en la calidad del servicio ofrecido para optimizar la toma de decisiones estratégicas de la fundación. De este modo, el objetivo principal fue analizar cómo la calidad del servicio influye en la toma de decisiones dentro de la organización. La metodología incluyó un enfoque cuantitativo mediante encuestas a 47 adultos mayores, complementado con métodos de análisis-síntesis, inductivo y bibliográfico. Los resultados revelaron que solo el 28% de los encuestados percibe que la fundación ofrece los recursos necesarios para brindar un servicio de alta calidad, mientras que un 64% calificó el servicio como “regular”, y un 45% considera adecuada la comunicación con los beneficiarios. Las conclusiones indican la necesidad de mejorar la consistencia en la calidad del servicio, integrar mejor la retroalimentación del beneficiario en la toma de decisiones, y establecer protocolos claros para elevar la eficacia del personal en la toma de decisiones.
ADMINISTRACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA BASADA EN LA TOMA DE DECISIONES EFECTIVA
Authors: Montesdeca Villavicencio Fabián Elí , Wilson Salgado Victoria Allison , Hurtado Tenorio Nicole Stefania Sakva , Bravo Alban Salvador David , Villacreses Franco Robert Alexander
Published: September 2024

Este estudio se orientó a evaluar cómo una administración estratégica rigurosamente estructurada, que incorpora un proceso de toma de decisiones optimizado, puede incrementar la capacidad de adaptación y competitividad de las organizaciones. Para lograr este propósito, se aplicaron métodos documentales y analíticos, permitiendo una revisión sistemática y exhaustiva de la literatura especializada, así como un análisis comparativo crítico de los modelos estratégicos predominantes en el contexto empresarial actual. Entre los resultados más significativos, se determinó que la flexibilidad en la administración estratégica es un factor determinante para la competitividad organizacional. Específicamente, el 85% de las organizaciones que implementaron modelos estratégicos flexibles registraron un aumento del 25% en su competitividad durante un periodo de dos años. En contraste, solo el 60% de las organizaciones que optaron por modelos tradicionales experimentaron un incremento del 12% en este mismo indicador. Asimismo, el empleo riguroso de herramientas analíticas como el FODA y PESTEL facilitó una reducción del 20% en los riesgos operacionales y un aprovechamiento del 30% en nuevas oportunidades de mercado
Welfare of gray partridge kept in adaptive aviaries
Authors: TAJCHMAN KATARZYNA , RAMANKEVICH ANASTASIYA , DRABIK KAMIL , KASPEREK KORNEL , WÓJCIK MACIEJ
Published: September 2024

The ongoing transformation of the environment, as well as the intensification of agriculture to meet the growing needs of humans, has a negative impact on small game. The drastic decline in the population of the partridge has led to the adoption of various forms of protection, such as restrictions on shooting or supporting the population by introducing new individuals bred in an appropriate manner. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the most frequently displayed behaviors of partridges (Perdix perdix) kept in adaptive aviaries. The partridges were observed kept in adaptive aviaries in Hunting Districts of the State Forests “Rawityn” in the Lubartów Forest District and “Suchowola” in the Radzyń Podlaski Forest District from August 18 to September 13, 2023 using wide-angle cameras. The analyzed data were compared with weather conditions. Regardless of the behavior, the birds most often appeared on the recordings between 7:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Partridges spent significantly more time on care behavior (225.81 s) compared to foraging (72.42 s). At lower temperatures, groups were larger compared to birds representing behavior at higher temperatures. The obtained results confirm the tendency of partridges to gather in larger groups during lower air temperatures. Combining into flocks allows birds to survive colder periods, as well as increase safety during the appearance of natural enemies. The welfare of birds was not compromised during their stay in appropriately managed adaptive aviaries.
Znaczenie pasz objętościowych w chowie bydła mlecznego i produkcji mleka – wybrane aspekty
Authors: JAKIMIUK EWA
Published: September 2024

Modern agriculture, especially animal production, is undergoing gradual transformation. In the European Union, this transformation is influenced by both legal regulations and principles of a free-market economy. The adverse impact of conventional animal production on the natural environment has prompted actions to protect natural resources and reduce the emission of harmful compounds into water, soil, and the atmosphere. Measures aimed at utilizing feed materials obtained from grasslands in animal nutrition and maximizing the use of rations by animals to limit the excretion of unused nutrients into the environment are particularly important in dairy cattle breeding. Dairy farming and milk production are closely linked to crop production. High-quality roughage is fundamental for meeting the physiological needs of cows. Feed materials obtained from grasslands (permanent and rotational), which influence the quality of the final product (e.g., chemical composition and content of bioactive ingredients in milk), may meet the expectations of processing technologists and consumers. The quality of roughage used to feed high-producing dairy cows can significantly impact the profitability of farms, affecting both the total cost of the feed ration and the health and productivity of animals. The aim of this study is to present the most important factors determining the role of roughage in dairy cattle breeding and milk production.
AI regulation: Challenges, the EU AI Act and Turkey’s approach
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Pantserev Konstantin , Oztas Beyza ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the ethical and technical challenges in AI regulation, the impact of the EU AI Act and concerns of experts, and Turkey’s possible approach on AI regulation taking into consideration potential outcomes in adopting or not adopting the EU Act by addressing various obstacles in the processes of adopting and implying the Act. Through this analysis, this paper aims to explore regulatory challenges, their reflection on rulemaking processes and research processes in Turkey and evaluate the importance of geopolitics. The challenges in regulation are examined as 1) ethical questions and copyright problems and 2) regulatory problems, which discusses the following topics such as technical difficulties, the importance of global approach and international norms, significance of determining the aim and scope of the regulation. Moreover, the EU AI Act is examined as it offers risk-based solutions to the mentioned issues with a global approach and plays an important role in the field. However, there are obstacles to international cooperation such as 1) aligning with national policies and 2) capacity of the state to provide support to the private sector for research and implying the Act, 3) geopolitical priorities. Considering its regional importance, and being a candidate country, which actively carries out projects in this sphere within the scope of the EU, as well as being the observer state during the process of enacting the act, Turkey is analyzed as a case study. This study highlights the multifaceted aspects of AI regulation by discussing challenges and obstacles within the scope of rulemaking, challenges in international cooperation, and state level in the lens of Turkey.
Transformation of digital diplomacy in the face of new challenges: A view from Washington and Beijing
Authors:   HSE University, Krivokhizh Svetlana , Telenga Marina ,   Kuban State University
Published: September 2024

Globalization has created a new media landscape within which public diplomacy is implemented and has posed three challenges for practitioners of traditional public diplomacy. First, diplomats and foreign ministries have lost their monopoly on diplomatic communication as non-governmental organizations, civil society organizations, activists, bloggers and even terrorist groups have been able to disseminate public diplomacy messages online. Second, the “new” actors in public diplomacy have transformed the digital world into a competitive arena in which multiple actors vie for the attention of digital audiences, attempting to influence their understanding of world events. Third, there has been a fragmentation of the public diplomacy audience into “selective influence networks.” How states adapt to these new conditions is of significant scientific interest. In the article, the authors compare the digital diplomacy strategies of the two largest actors in modern politics — the United States and China. Both official documents and practical steps, as well as discussions in the scientific community of the two countries are analyzed. The authors conclude that despite the fact that at the initial stages the digital diplomacy of the USA and the PRC differed both conceptually and instrumentally, due to digitalization and datification of international relations, states have to test various formats and tools that were not previously typical for them, react to opponents’ activity and constantly adjust their strategies. It can be concluded that in conditions of uncertainty, high competition and algorithm manipulation, the differences in digital diplomacy between the United States and China are becoming increasingly blurred.
On the early history of quality management in healthcare: Pirogov, Nightingale and Codman
Authors:   Leiden University Medical Centre, Hendriks Inge , Boer Fredrik ,   Leiden University Medical Centre, Zhuravlev Dmitrii ,   Military Medical Museum, Mironenko Olga ,   St. Petersburg State University, Gaivoronsky Ivan ,   St. Petersburg State University,   Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov
Published: September 2024

The quality of healthcare organisations is often described with the model of Donabedian structure-process-outcome. But the foundation of the model were laid by earlier thinkers about medical and healthcare quality of the 19th and early 20th centuries. This article focuses on two surgeons, Pirogov and Codman, and one nurse manager, Nightingale that occupied themselves with the management and organisation of hospitals. They started with nothing to rely on, as they were pioneers in the field of quality management. Even the concepts of quality and management were not present at the time, as were many other areas, such as an adequate understanding of the causation of hospital infections, scientific thinking in medicine and nursing, and statistical and methodological tools to study and improve healthcare. We will show that although their thoughts were original, they were also embedded in the belief systems of their time. Following their development, we will understand how thinking about quality management evolved in their time. Their experiences have led to very significant improvements we nowadays take for granted.
Sentence model statistics as means of corpus studies of attitudes (based on the material of online discussions)
Authors:   Perm State University, Salimovsky Vladimir A. , Stankevich Maxim A. ,   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chudova Natalia V. ,   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

The paper considers the problem of choosing the parameters of linguostatistical studies when comparing corpora of different semantics. The proposition is to be proven that the set of such parameters should include the models of sentences (structural diagrams) as the basic units of thought expression. It sets the task of programming the sentence structural patterns which are presented in the academic grammars of the Russian language as a complete closed list. A brief overview of works on linguostatistics is offered from the point of view of the choice of text analysis units. We examine the key theses of the psychological school of L. S. Vygotsky — A. N. Leontiev on the structure of consciousness elements to distinguish the components of attitude — affective, cognitive and behavioral. Based on the material of online discussions, three corpora (collections) of statements have been compiled, each embodies one of those components. The belonging of statements to a particular collection was determined by three expert psychologists (if only their assessment completely coincided). The linguistic analysis includes 1360 utterances — 269 affective, 859 cognitive and 232 behavioral. Then, 7 sentence models were selected and programmed which semantics coincides with the content of any of the attitude components. This consistency ensured the interpretability of the work results. The hypothesis on the effectiveness of a comparative study of corpora using the “sentence model” parameter was verified. Qualitative analysis of the material showed that collections are effectively differentiated by semantic variants of polysemous structural patterns. Quantitative analysis, taking into account only the most abstract semantics of the sentence model at this stage of work, made it possible to differentiate the collections of behavioral and affective types, but did not solve the problem for the collection of cognitive-type utterances. Further improvement of the research methodology includes the analysis of structural and semantic variants of polysemous sentence models.
Analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of precipitation at different levels in Beijing based on Mann–Kendall test and wavelet analysis
Authors: Liu Jinghui , Yuan Xushan , Lu Mingxing , Li Yanmin
Published: September 2024

This paper employs Mann–Kendall test, wavelet analysis, and Kriging interpolation to analyze Beijing's precipitation from 1981 to 2022, using 20-station data. It reveals precipitation trends: increase 1980s–1990s, decline, and then rebound in the 2000s, especially in rainstorms. A 2008 turning point marked a shift from decreasing to increasing trends. Annual variation correlates with intensity, while moderate-to-torrential rain changes are linked to days. Beijing's precipitation exhibits multi-timescale periodicity, with similar trends in annual and rainstorm precipitation. Future predictions suggest a decrease. Spatially, northeast receives more rain than southwest, mountains more days than plains/cities, and east has stronger intensity than west. Moderate rain dominates total precipitation, with occurrence declining as intensity increases. Annual precipitation positively correlates with grades but negatively with days. These insights deepen our understanding of Beijing's complex precipitation patterns.
Adsorption performance of MIL-121/CA on lead and cadmium in acid mine drainage
Authors: Liu Ling , Yu Xiaoxi , Li Jian , Mkandawire Vitumbiko , Li Xilin , Cao Ting , Liu Bo , Sun Lu
Published: September 2024

For the remediation of acid mine drainage (AMD) contaminated with Pb2+ and Cd2+, an aluminum-based MOF material, MIL-121, was synthesized via a solvothermal method, and cross-linked with sodium alginate (SA) to make a composite bead, MIL-121/CA. The effects of pH and coexisting ions on the adsorption effect were investigated by batch adsorption experiments. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model well described the adsorption process, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 161.812 and 95.785 mg/g, respectively. Dynamic adsorption experiments showed that the breakthrough curves of both Pb2+ and Cd2+ shifted to the right as the filling height increased, the influent water flow rate and initial concentration decreased, and the pH increased, and the Thomas model could well describe the dynamic adsorption process. The adsorption mechanism of MIL-121/CA on Pb2+ and Cd2+ was analyzed by microcharacterization such as SEM, FTIR, and XPS. It was found that MIL-121/CA surface was rich in pores and had a large number of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups and Ca2+, which had a good removal effect on Pb2+ and Cd2+. MIL-121/CA composite beads can serve as an excellent adsorbent for treating AMD contaminated with Pb2+ and Cd2+.
Development of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process reactor for aquaculture wastewater treatment
Authors: Nabilah Ismail Ismafatin , Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini , Umar Ziyaulhaq , Ismail Shahrul Bin
Published: September 2024

Treatment of wastewater from aquaculture with high nitrogen compound concentrations would contribute to the sustainable aquaculture industry. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) mechanism was a potential technology considering its capability to directly convert ammonium and produce nitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions. This research aimed to cultivate locally isolated ANAMMOX bacteria from marine samples while exploring the effectiveness of nitrogen removal biologically in a developed fixed film bioreactor. The laboratory-scale experiment used a sludge sample from a local anaerobic lagoon as inoculum. The nitrogen removal efficiency and the development of ANAMMOX bacteria indicate the ANAMMOX process's effectiveness. After 200 days of reactor operation, the ammonium removal efficiency (ACE) was 70.39 and 82.49% of nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE). The nitrogen loading rate (NLR) value was 0.30 kg-N/m3.d and the highest nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was 0.125 kg-N/m3.d. The ratio of stoichiometric for this study was 1 mol ammonium to 1.00 mol nitrite removal to the 0.21 nitrate production (1:1.00:0.21). The findings from this study could establish the implementation of the ANAMMOX technology on nitrogen removal biologically for the remediation of aquaculture wastewater toward an industrial scale.
TRANSPLANTE DENTÁRIO AUTÓLOGO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Silva Heliza Gomes , Silva Mariana  Castro Salomão , Santos Matheus Andrews dos , Bomfim Ana Marlusia Alves , Dias Isabella  Jardelino
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O transplante autólogo dentário é uma técnica cirúrgica na qual há a transposição de um dente para uma nova área receptora, no mesmo paciente. É viável para o tratamento de ausências e impactações dentárias. O método apresenta benefícios como manutenção de periodonto vital, volume ósseo alveolar e papila dentária, possibilidade de movimentação dentária por forças ortodônticas ou fisiológicas e estética favorável. Objetivo: Promover uma revisão de literatura sobre o transplante dentário autólogo, visando relatar as principais indicações, benefícios e contraindicações da técnica, além de descrever o protocolo cirúrgico e os fatores que influenciam no sucesso, de modo a orientar o manejo clínico. Metodologia: Para esse fim, as bases de dados analisadas foram PUBMED, LILACS e SCIELO, sendo obtidos artigos de Revisão Sistemática e Metanálises dos anos de 2018 a 2023. Resultados: O autotransplante apresenta taxas de sobrevida entre 93% e 100% e taxas de sucesso entre 89,4% e 96,6%, o que depende dos fatores relacionados ao paciente, ao dente doador, à área receptora e à técnica cirúrgica. Dentes anteriores e com ápice aberto apresentam melhores taxas de sobrevivência e sucesso em relação aos dentes posteriores e de ápice fechado, todavia não há comprovação que os demais pontos realmente influenciam diretamente no método. Conclusões: Com isso, podemos compreender que o estabelecimento de protocolos pré, trans e pós-operatório, além de esclarecimento de todos os fatores que influenciam na técnica, devem ser foco de estudos dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas, trazendo benefícios consideráveis para a saúde desses indivíduos.
Competence Regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae and the Competence-targeted Anti-pneumococcal Strategies
Authors: Zhang Yapeng , Guo Shaowei , li Yimin , Zhou Linying , Wu Yong
Published: September 2024

Natural transformation refers to the process in which bacteria acquire new
traits by uptaking naked DNA from the environment and integrating it into their genome
through homologous recombination when they are in the specialized physiological state
of competence. The natural transformation was first described in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Since Frederick Griffith first described natural transformations in S. pneumoniae in
1928, this phenomenon has been studied extensively. Induction of competence before natural
transformation has been reported to involve about 10% of the pneumococcal
genome. In addition to natural transformation, multiple physiological processes are involved,
including biofilm formation, bacteriocin production, and fratricide. In this review,
we summarized current knowledge about natural transformation in S. pneumoniae
and described its competence regulation mechanism. This review also introduces the development
of novel drugs and vaccines against S. pneumoniae infection by utilizing the
existing knowledge of competence and natural transformation.
Development of Mixed Micelles for Enhancing Fenretinide Apparent Solubility and Anticancer Activity Against Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Zuccari Guendalina , Zorzoli Alessia , Marimpietri Danilo , Alfei Silvana
Published: September 2024

Introduction/Objectives:

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the suitability of
mixed micelles prepared with D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) and 1,2-
distearoyl-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethyleneglycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG) to
encapsulate the poorly soluble anticancer drug fenretinide (4-HPR).

Methods:

After assaying the solubilization ability of the surfactants by the equilibrium method, the
micelles were prepared using the solvent casting technique starting from different 4-HPR:TPGS:
DSPE-PEG w/w ratios. The resulting formulations were investigated for their stability under storage
conditions and upon dilution, modelling the reaching of physiological concentrations after intravenous
administration. The characterization of micelles included the determination of DL%, EE %,
particle size distribution, Z-potential, and thermal analysis by DSC. The cytotoxicity studies were
performed on HTLA-230 and SK-N-BE-2C neuroblastoma cells by the MTT essay.

Results:

The colloidal dispersions showed a mean diameter of 12 nm, negative Zeta potential, and a
narrow dimensional distribution. 4-HPR was formulated in the mixed micelles with an encapsulation
efficiency of 88% and with an increment of the apparent solubility of 363-fold. The 4-HPR entrapment
remained stable up to the surfactants’ concentration of 2.97E-05 M. The loaded micelles exhibited
a slow-release behaviour, with about 28% of the drug released after 24 h. On the most resistant
SK-N-BE-2C cells, the encapsulated 4-HPR was significantly more active than free 4-HPR in reducing
cell viability.

Conclusion:

Loaded micelles demonstrated their suitability as a new adjuvant tool potentially useful
for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
Plumbagin's Healing Effect on Motor Impairment in Rotenone-toxified Rodents
Authors: Verma Aanchal , Goyal Ahsas
Published: September 2024

Background:

Parkinson's disease is an illness marked by a gradual mitigation of dopamine
neurons within the substantia nigra, which eventually leads to a deficiency of dopamine
that further gives rise to mobility as well as cognitive impairments. Through long-established
traditions, a wide array of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) have undergone testing and are
employed to avoid neurodegenerative disorders. Plumbagin is the primary active component of a
medication called Baihua Dan or Plumbago zeylanica L., which is clinically used in China.

Objectives:

This study investigated plumbagin-induced alterations in a Parkinson's disease rat
model instigated by subcutaneous rotenone injection.

Methods:

Male rats were administered subcutaneous injections of rotenone at a dosage of 1.5
mg/kg, followed by the treatment with varying doses of plumbagin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg)
through the oral route. The rats underwent various motor ability tests, including the actophotometer,
rotarod, open field, beam walk, gait evaluation, ability to grip, and catalepsy bar tests. Furthermore,
the brain dopamine level was then estimated for the extracted tissues. Also, through
molecular docking, the binding effectiveness of plumbagin was assessed for human MAO-B.
After that, plumbagin was put through 100 ns of molecular dynamic simulations to examine the
stability of its conformational binding to the target protein. Furthermore, ADMET tests were
used to verify Plumbagin's druggability.

Results:

Plumbagin was found to alleviate rotenone-induced motor abnormalities and restore
brain dopamine levels. Furthermore, plumbagin showed excellent interactions with MAO-B
(monoamine oxidase-B) when compared with selegiline (a standard drug for Parkinson’s disease).

Conclusion:

These findings underscore the potential therapeutic efficacy of plumbagin in mitigating
behavioural deficits in rotenone-induced rodents. Considering this, plumbagin might be a
feasible pharmacological strategy for the control of rotenone-triggered behavioural impairment
in rats (in vivo), and it might display interesting interactions with MAO-B (in silico).
A conceptual study on role of Pracchana in Vicharchika with special reference to Dry Eczema
Authors: Madhushree K V  , Duragappa H
Published: September 2024

Vicharchika (Eczema) has been considered one among 11 Kshudra Kushtas by Brihattrayees. It is also enumerated under Kshudra Rogas by Sushruta.[1] Features like Raji (Excoriations), Ati Kandu (Excessive itching), Ruja (Pain), Ruksha (Dryness), Arati (Uneasiness) are said by Sushruta which can be clinically corelated to dry eczema. Eczema is not contagious inflammation of the skin characterised by erythema, scaling, dry skin, itching, red to brownish grey patches.[2] In Brihattrayees, Rakta Dushti (Vitiation of blood) has been told as the prime reason for skin diseases for which letting out the vitiated blood gives better relief in symptoms. In Vicharchika, there is localized vitiation of blood. Hence Rakthamokshana (bloodletting) by Pracchana is an effective method of treatment, as Pracchana is a mode of Shastrakrita Raktamokshana indicated for Eka Deshastha (localised) Twak Vikaras (Skin disorders).[3]
Comparative efficacy of 8-Shaped Ksharasutra vs Single Loop Ksharasutra in Pilonidal Sinus Treatment: A Prospective Study
Authors: Mohd Zahoor Bhat  , L. Manonmani  , Mukhtar Ahmad Bhat  , Lavesh Jangamashetti
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Ksharasutra therapy is long known for effectively treating Pilonidal sinus (Nadi Vrana). This study aims to compare the efficacy of two Ksharasutra insertion techniques: the 8-Shaped Ksharasutra and the standard single loop pattern Ksharasutra in patients with Pilonidal Sinus (Nadi Vrana). Methodology: Ten patients diagnosed with Pilonidal sinus at the outpatient department of Shalya Tantra, TMAES Ayurvedic Medical College, Hospete, Karnataka, India, were selected for this study. These patients were equally divided into two groups: Group A (n=5, 8-Shaped Ksharasutra) and Group B (n=5, Single loop Ksharasutra). Both groups received a standard Ksharasutra (21 Bhawana) made with Apamarga, Snuhi, and Haridra. The study evaluated three parameters: VAS score, time taken for cutting through the track and time span for complete healing. The Ksharasutra was changed weekly using the rail-road technique on an outpatient basis. Efficacy was assessed from insertion to complete wound healing. Results: A significant difference was observed between Group A and Group B concerning the time taken for cutting through the track, disinfection and complete healing of the Pilonidal Sinus track. However, there was no significant difference in VAS score between the two groups during the treatment course. Conclusion: 8-Shaped Ksharasutra offers the advantage of faster tract cutting, more efficient disinfection and quicker wound healing compared to the single loop pattern Ksharasutra.
Study to evaluate the efficacy of Vibhitaka Majja Taila Nasya in Premature Graying of Hair (Akaal Palitya) - A Clinical Study
Authors: Reshma Shekh  , Trupti Jain  , Nitin Marwaha  , Alisha Prakash
Published: September 2024

Incidence of Premature Graying is increasing day by day. Incidence as per W.H.O is largely between the age group of 25-30 years. Hair colour contributes immensely in physical appearance and self-perception. It is well known that Premature Graying of Hair results from a reduction of pigment, but exact underline cause for this is still mystery for medical fraternity. In contemporary medical science, there is as such no effective treatment for premature graying of hair but various previous researches in Ayurveda have shown the potential in its prevention and management. Acharya Charaka and Acharya Sushruta have quoted Premature Greying of Hair as Akaal Palitya and mentioned it as Ras Dhatu Pradosaja Vikara.[5,6] In Ayurveda classics various external and internal medications have been described for this disease and Vibhitaka Majja Taila Nasya is one of them mentioned by Acharya Sharangdhara.[7] So, on the basis of classical references and researches Vibhitaka Majja Taila Nasya has been selected for this study and a clinical trial was conducted on 40 patients with Greying hair. These patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A (trial group - Vibhitaka Majja Taila Nasya) and Group B (control group). After 90 days of clinical, results showed significant improvement in subjective parameter like colour of hair, dry splitted hair, burning on scalp.as well as on objective parameter like GSS score and Serum Ferritin level.
A review on Script & Languages in the Study of Medical Manuscripts
Authors: Prarabdha Phating  , Brijesh Mishra
Published: September 2024

India has a history of ancient medical science, which has been practiced for centuries. Practitioners around the world applied the same the fundamentals but had different perspectives. Some of these perspectives have been lined up in order to convey practitioners' experiences and recent discoveries. These can be found in several manuscripts from various parts of the world. India has a unique culture, language, and knowledge dating back to ancient times. Along with this, regional geographical variance throughout India results in a variety of scripts and languages. Every 50-100 kilometers, we notice dialects in the languages. The language we speak now evolved from ancient languages. The units represented by visual symbols in written form are referred to as script. To comprehend the content written in ancient manuscripts, one requires knowledge of the script and language.
Pidan Quail Eggs: Comparative Study of the Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Coconut Fibre Ash and Quicklime as Natural Alkalis
Authors: Novia Deni , Melia Sri , Jamarun Novirman , Habibburrahman
Published: September 2024

Pidan eggs can be made into less safe food because of the ingredients used in making them. Coconut fibre ash and quicklime are natural ingredients with alkaline pH values that can be used to make pidan eggs. This research aimed to compare the influence of ash coconut fibre and quicklime yang on egg quail's physicochemical and sensory characteristics. The study employed a methodological approach utilizing a fully randomized design comprising five treatments with four replications each. The treatments involved varying ratios of coconut fibre ash to quicklime: A (90:10), B (70:30), C (50:50), D (30:70), and E (10:90). Diversity analysis revealed that the duration of alkaline fermentation significantly affected (P<0.05) the moisture content, pH value, calcium content, sensory attributes of the albumen and yolk color, and texture. However, it did not significantly impact the aroma of pidan quail eggs. The best research results were a ratio of coconut fibre ash to quicklime of 10:90 with a pH value of 10.53, moisture content of 70.74%, calcium content of 0.51%, sensory value of albumen color of 3.80 (blackish brown), egg yolk color of 4.24 (dark green/dark), aroma of 3.04 (smells of ammonia), and texture of 3.84 (slightly dense).