bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of A SARIMA-XGBoost Model for Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Man Haojie , Huang Hanting , Qin Zhuangyan , Li Zhiming
Published: February 2023

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood illness. The incidence of HFMD has a pronounced seasonal tendency and is closely related to meteorological factors such as temperature, rainfall, and wind speed. A SARIMA model is used for seasonal trends, and an XGBoost algorithm is applied for the nonlinear effects of meteorological factors. In this paper, we propose a SARIMA-XGBoost combined model to improve the prediction accuracy of HFMD in 15 regions of Xinjiang, China. The geographical and temporal weight model is designed to analyze the influence of meteorological factors from temporal and spatial perspectives. The results show that the factors affecting the spread of HFMD vary among regions. Temperature and daylight significantly impact the transmission of the disease in most areas. Based on the verification experiment of forecasting, the SARIMA-XGBoost model is superior to other models in accuracy, especially in some areas with high incidence.
A Novel Energy-Efficient Adaptive Superframe Structure for OWC-Based Real-time Bio-Sensor Networks
Authors: Bhutani Monica , Lall Brejesh , Agrawal Monika
Published: February 2023

Biosensors are becoming more common in the health care industry, but battery life is a significant barrier to broader adoption. Another concern is that these sensors heavily rely on radio frequency technology, which is dangerous to the human body and the environment. This research presents an optical wireless communication (OWC) based battery-efficient adaptive superframe for real-time biosensors. To begin, OWC uses visible light for downlink and infrared for uplink, making it human-safe. Second, our retrofit technique makes sensor transmission delays and energy usage more efficient. Third, as we look into wearable sensors, we see that the one-of-a-kind continuous superframe structure saves energy and allows for emergency data handling via the deployment of an emergency beacon. Fourthly, we compare the simulation results to the IEEE 802.15.7 standard superframe timeline to evaluate the practicality of our suggested technique. Analytical expressions are formulated to predict and analyze end-to-end delays, average energy consumption, and savings. The results show a significant improvement in energy savings and delays without incurring any additional overheads.
Discrepancy of Unmet Needs on Contraception in Indonesia: Urban vs. Rural Area: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Harzif Achmad Kemal , Wiweko Marsadhia Rafifa Amira , Moegandi Carissa Putri , Rizal Fadhel Aulia , Andyra Azizah Fitriayu , Wiweko Budi , Hestiantoro Andon
Published: February 2023

Indonesia Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) 230 per 100,000 live births is considered one of the highest in Southeast Asia region. Contraception is an essential part of safe motherhood, yet most Indonesian doesn’t participate in family planning. Active use of contraception on fertile couples was 62.5%. Based on Indonesia 2017 DHS, 11% fertile women had insufficient contraception need. Unmet need for contraception might contribute to the burden of MMR. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyse which factors contribute to the occurrence of unmet need for contraception in respect of urban and rural area. Data obtained from 2017 IDHS in two locations: Jakarta and Papua. A total 1,128 Jakarta and 458 Papua respondent were enrolled. Highest occurrence of unmet need occurred in high school education group. Television use was the only factor gave a significant impact (p = 0.019) for the occurrence of unmet need for contraception in Jakarta. Husband’s education level (p = 0.000), newspaper use (p = 0.017), radio use (p = 0.027), television ownership (p = 0.005), television use (p = 0.005), and cell-phone ownership (p = 0.000) have a significant impact for the occurrence of unmet need in Papua. Further analyses showed that television use in Jakarta and cell-phone ownership in Papua were indeed the most influential factor for unmet need.
Comparative study on landslide susceptibility of different evaluation units based on LightGBM-SHAP
Authors: An Xuelian , Sun Deliang , Wen Haijia , Gu Qingyu , Ding Yuekai
Published: February 2023

Landslide is a common natural disaster, which has a serious impact on human life, property safety and socioeconomic development. Landslide susceptibility zoning can predict the spatial distribution of landslide occurrence probability. Based on grid units, slope units and terrain units, this study explore the influence of different evaluation units on regional landslide susceptibility zoning. Taking Yunyang County as a case study, 15 influencing factors such as elevation, slope and curvature were selected to establish a geospatial database, and the light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) algorithm was used to const-ruct the landslide susceptibility model (LSM). The results show that the accuracy of LSM constructed by different evaluation units is diffe-rent. Among them, the LGBM model based on grid units has the highest accuracy, with an accuracy of 0.7589, F1-Score of 0.7453, and the area under curve (AUC) values in training data set and verification data set were 0.8998and 0.8099, respectively. In addition, SHaply Additive ExPlanation (SHAP) is used to explain the model. The global interpretation shows that elevation, distance from river and distance from road have great influence on landslide in the study area. Local interpretation found that elevation, distance from the river and distance from the road have a greater impact on Jiuxianping landslide. This study can provide scientific reference for LSM construction and disaster prevention.
Zonal receptor distributions maximize olfactory information
Authors: Sen Swati , Zwicker David
Published: February 2023

The olfactory sense measures the chemical composition of the environment using a diverse array of olfactory receptors. In vertebrates, the olfactory receptors reside in a mucus layer in the nasal cavity and can thus only detect odorants that are inhaled with the airflow and dissolved in mucus. These physical processes fundamentally affect how many odorant molecules contact the receptors. We hypothesize that the olfactory system works efficiently by optimizing the placement of receptors for maximal information transmission. Using a simplified model, we capture all relevant physical processes and show that odorant concentrations generally exhibit an exponential distribution. Combining this result with information theory, we further show that receptors separated into distinct spatial zones maximize the transmitted information. Our results are consistent with experimentally observed receptors zones and might help to improve artificial smell sensors.
Modeling potential risk areas of orthohantavirus transmission in northwestern Argentina using ecological niche approach
Authors: López Walter R. , Altamiranda-Saavedra Mariano , Kehl Sebastián D. , Ferro Ignacio , Bellomo Carla , Martínez Valeria P. , Simoy Mario I. , Gil José F.
Published: February 2023

Background
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a rodent-borne zoonosis in the Americas, with up to 50% mortality rates. In Argentina, the northwestern endemic area (NWA), presents half of the annually notified-HPS cases in the country, transmitted by at least three rodent species recognized as reservoirs of orthohantavirus. The potential distribution of reservoir species based on ecological niche models (ENM) can be a useful tool to establish risk areas for zoonotic diseases. Our main aim was to generate an orthohantavirus risk map transmission based on ENM of the reservoir species in NWA, compare this map with the distribution of HPS cases and explore the possible effect of climatic and environmental variables on the spatial variation of the infection risk.
Methods
Using reservoir geographic occurrence data, climatic/environmental variables and the maximum entropy method, we created models of potential geographic distribution for each reservoir in NWA. We explored the overlap of the HPS cases with the risk map and the deforestation distribution. Then, we calculated the human population at risk using a census radius layer and a comparison of the latitudinal variation of environmental variables with the distribution of HPS risk.
Results
We obtained a single best model for each reservoir. The temperature, rainfall and vegetation cover contributed the most to the models. In total, 945 HPS cases were recorded, of which 97,85% of them were in the highest risk areas. We estimated that 18% of the NWA population was at risk and 78% of the cases occurred less than 10 km from deforestation. The highest niche overlap was between Calomys fecundus and Oligoryzomys chacoensis.
Conclusions
We are advancing with the identification of potential risk areas for HPS transmission and environmental and climatic factors that determine the distribution of the reservoirs and orthohantavirus transmission in NWA. This can be used by public health authorities as a tool to generate preventive and control measures for HPS in NWA.
Machine learning-based prediction of septic shock in patients with obstructive pyelonephritis caused by ureteral stones
Authors: Min Kyungchan , Ha Yun-Sok , Chung Jae-Wook , Jang Gyuho , Noh Myung-giun , Ahn Hyeok , Lee Jun Nyung , Kim Hyun Tae , Yoo Eun Sang , Kwon Tae Gyun , Chun So Young , Park Hansoo , Kim Bum Soo
Published: February 2023

Obstructive acute pyelonephritis (OAPN) is a common condition that can rapidly become life-threatening. In particular, OAPN associated with ureteral stones (OAPN-US) should be treated by a diversion of the urinary tract. Notably, we focused on predicting septic shock, which can be highly fatal. Previous studies have suggested multiple variables for predicting septic shock, but most studies used the Sepsis-2 criteria, which were revised to the Sepsis-3 criteria in 2016. Furthermore, no studies have identified a confirmatory variable or proposed combination of multiple variables for the prediction of septic shock. This study aimed to determine the best combination of potential predictors of septic shock in patients with OAPN-US based on the Sepsis-3 criteria. Our approach was based on machine learning (ML) because previous studies have demonstrated high performance of ML and because it can easily identify the combined effects of multiple variables. We selected three variables from approximately 30 factors and compared five ML algorithms. Notably, the random forest algorithm demonstrated the best performance, with an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.9965 and accuracy of 0.9583. Among the selected factors, procalcitonin had the highest Gini importance score. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use ML for the predication of septic shock. Excellent predictions were made after identifying the optimal combination of multiple predictors.
Prediction values of a novel prognostic index hypoproteinemia combined with contaminated wounds for wound dehiscence after abdominal surgery in neonates
Authors: Fu Maxian , chen yiyi , Li Jianhong , Zhang Xuan , Jiang Xuewu , Ou Wenhui , Chen Kaihong , Xiao Wenfeng , Xie Yao , Zhuang Yangmu , Yang Min , Shouxing Duan
Published: February 2023

Background
Abdominal Wound Dehiscence (AWD), occupying a large proportion of neonatal surgery is an essential complication of abdominal surgery, which can leads to severe consequences, including life-threatening. This study aims at exploring prediction value for AWD with potential joint factors of hypoproteinemia and incision type.
Method
The Cox proportional-hazards model (the Cox model) was applied to analyze clinical data came from 453 patients underwent neonatal laparotomy from June 2009 to June 2020. According to application of the random numbers, 453 cases were divided into two separate models randomly involving training set with 318 observations (70%) and validation set with 135 observations (30%), and then the models trained were validated based on the validation set. Investigation in the connection between hypoproteinemia, incision type, combined factors and AWD, were used for comparing those prediction values for AWD.
Results
With a median follow-up of 15 months, the incidence of neonatal AWD was 6.0% (27/453). Based on the univariate and multivariate Analysis using the Cox Regression Analysis, hypoproteinemia(HR = 7.005, P = 0.001) and joint factor༈HR = 6.901, P < 0.001༉were both the independent risk factors for neonatal AWD in training set. Meanwhile, hypoproteinemia and joint factor༈HR = 5.497, P = 0.045༉were both also the independent risk factors for neonatal AWD in validation models, which indicated that joint factor was the independent risk factor in both models. The summary ROC curve was estimated, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated as a criterion for validating the models trained. The findings illustrated that AUC of joint prediction factor for AWD was higher than either that of hypoproteinemia༈0.759 vs. 0.638) or incision type factor ༈0.759 vs. 0.671༉singly.
Conclusion
The contribution of hypoproteinemia and incision type combined factor for predicting AWD is superior than that of them individually, resulting in a significant promotion in prediction efficiency and accuracy of predicting neonatal AWD.
Should Users Trust Their Android Devices? A Scoring System for Assessing Security and Privacy Risks of Pre-Installed Applications
Authors: Ozbay Abdullah , Bicakci Kemal
Published: February 2023

Android devices are equipped with many pre-installed applications which have the capability of tracking and monitoring users. Although applications coming pre-installed pose a great danger to user security and privacy, they have received little attention so far among researchers in the field. In this study, we collect a dataset comprising such applications and make it publicly available. Using this dataset, we analyze tracker SDKs, manifest files and the use of cloud services and report our results. We also conduct a user survey to understand concerns and perceptions of users. Last but not least, we present a risk scoring system which assigns scores for smart phones consolidating our findings based on carefully weighted criteria. With this scoring system, users could give their own trust decisions based on the available concise information about the security and privacy impacts of applications pre-installed on their Android devices.
Responses of Swiss bond yields and stock prices to ECB policy surprises
Authors: Hager Diego Manuel , Nitschka Thomas
Published: February 2023

We use event studies and local projections to analyse spillovers from European Central Bank (ECB) policy surprises to asset markets outside the euro area using Switzerland as a case study. Our results suggest that ECB policy surprises are more important for Swiss government bond yields than for Swiss stock prices. Decomposing bond yields into expected shortterm interest rates and the term premium reveals that both signalling and portfolio rebalancing effects explain the responses of bond yields of various maturities to surprises resulting from scheduled ECB policy decisions. The ECB’s forward guidance surprises have persistent effects on Swiss government bond yields.
JEL: E43, E52, G15
Economic globalisation and labour market outcomes in Africa
Authors: Beri Parfait Bihkongnyuy
Published: February 2023

Decoupling the causal impact of globalisation on labour market outcomes is critical for economic policy and sustainable development. Previous studies have uncovered a positive, but sometimes conflicting results on the relationship between globalisation and the labour market in different countries and periods. I investigate how labour market outcomes respond to economic globalisation using data from 41 African countries from 1991 to 2019 and estimation techniques that correct for autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. Results show that the effect of economic globalisation on all labour market outcomes is bounded to an interval of zero, allowing me to rule out the possibility of any causal effect. These results challenge literature on the putative benefits of economic globalisation. Nonetheless, the findings are consistent with the observed pattern of jobless growth in most African countries over the past three decades. Moving forward, Africa’s development strategy should not only rely on economic liberalisation, but on consolidating domestic macroeconomic policies and institutions.
JEL Classification: F16; F66; E24; C23.
SRaNet: Shallow and Reverse Attention Network for Colon Polyp Segmentation
Authors: Lee Go-Eun , Cho Jungchan , Choi Sang-Il
Published: February 2023

Polyp segmentation is challenging because the boundary between polyps and mucosa is ambiguous. Several models have considered the use of attention mechanisms to solve this problem. However, these models use only finite information obtained from a single type of attention. We propose a new dual-attention network based on shallow and reverse attention modules for colon polys segmentation called SRaNet. The shallow attention mechanism removes background noise while emphasizing the locality by focusing on the foreground. In contrast, reverse attention helps distinguish the boundary between polyps and mucous membranes more clearly by focusing on the background. The two attention mechanisms are adaptively fused using a “Softmax Gate”. Combining the two types of attention enables the model to capture complementary foreground and boundary features. Therefore, the proposed model predicts the boundaries of polyps more accurately than other models. We present the results of extensive experiments on polyp benchmarks to show that the proposed method outperforms existing models on both seen and unseen data. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed dual attention module increases the explainability of the model.
Negative Attitudes towards High Weight People in a Large Representative Sample of Czech Adolescents: Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Czech versions of Anti-fat Attitudes Questionnaire and Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale and Associations with Demographic Characteristics
Authors: Pipova Helena , Petr Kryštof , Kostková Markéta , Dolejš Martin , Suchá Jaroslava , Sonneville Kendrin
Published: February 2023

Background
The purpose of the study was to evaluate anti-fat attitudes and beliefs about high-weight people in a nonclinical sample of Czech adolescents. An additional aim was to create a Czech version of the Anti-fat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA) and Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) and to test their psychometric properties.
Methods and Participants:
Study participants were 3345 Czech adolescents aged 11–19. Participants filled out the sociodemographic questionnaire, AFA and BAOP.
Results
Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed a three-factor solution and adequate factor validity for AFA. For BAOP, a two-factor solution that accounted for the negative wording of items fit the data well. We observed an inverse association between age and BAOP score and AFA Fear of Fat subscale, but higher ages were associated with higher AFA Dislike subscale scores. Girls scored higher on the AFA Fear of Fat subscale relative to boys, while boys scored higher on the Dislike and Willpower subscales. Overall, higher anti-fat attitudes were seen in those with lower BMIs and those who had high-weight family members.
Conclusion
Characterizing anti-fat attitudes within a population is a critical component to understanding how best to address weight stigma. The translated tools are sound tools for the Czech environment.
Reward Maximization Assessed Using a Sequential Patch Depletion Task in a Large Sample of Heterogeneous Stock Rats
Authors: Gancarz Amy M. , Mitchell Suzanne H. , George Anthony M. , Martin Connor D. , Turk Marisa C. , Bool Heather M. , Aktar Fahmida , Kwarteng Francis , Palmer Abraham A. , Meyer Paul J. , Richards Jerry B. , Dietz David M. , Isiwari Keita
Published: February 2023

Choice behavior requires animals to evaluate both short- and long-term advantages and disadvantages of all potential alternatives. Impulsive choice is traditionally measured in laboratory tasks by utilizing delay discounting (DD), a paradigm that offers a choice between a smaller immediate reward, or a larger more delayed reward. This study tested a large sample of Heterogeneous Stock (HS) male (n = 896) and female (n = 898) rats, part of a larger genetic study, to investigate whether measures of reward maximization overlapped with traditional models of delay discounting via the patch depletion model using a Sequential Patch Depletion procedure. In this task, rats were offered a concurrent choice between two water “patches” and could elect to “stay” in the current patch or “leave” for an alternative patch. Staying in the current patch resulted in decreasing subsequent reward magnitudes, whereas the choice to leave a patch was followed by a delay and a resetting to the maximum reward magnitude. Based on the delay in a given session, different visit durations were necessary to obtain the maximum number of rewards. Visit duration may be analogous to an indifference point in traditional DD tasks. While differences in traditional DD measures (e.g., delay gradient) have been detected between males and females, these effects were small and inconsistent. However, when examining measures of reward maximization, females made fewer patch changes at all delays and spent more time in the patch before leaving for the alternative patch compared to males. This pattern of choice resulted in males having a higher rate of reinforcement than females. Consistent with this, there was some evidence that females deviated from the optimal more, leading to less reward. Measures of reward maximization were only weakly associated with traditional DD measures and may represent distinctive underlying processes. Taken together, females performance differed from males with regard to reward maximization that were not observed utilizing traditional measures of DD, suggesting that the patch depletion model was more sensitive to modest sex differences when compared to traditional DD measures in a large sample of HS rats.
Quality of life in ICU survivors from 1991 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace
Authors: Fan Limei , Nie Yabin , Liu Yu , Du Juan , Bao Yunfeng , Dou Yingru
Published: February 2023

Objective: In recent years, the number of ICU survivors has increased year by year, and their health-related quality of life after discharge has been an increasingly concerned. This study aims to analyze the development status, research hotspots, research frontiers, and future development trends of the quality of life of ICU survivors after discharge.
Methods: The relevant literature was retrieved from the WOSCC database, including only the articles published in English. CiteSpace6.0R software was used to analyze the collaboration network of countries/regions, institutions, and keywords, and co-citation analysis of references.
Results: A total of 1495 related research papers were included in this study. The major countries that conducted the research included the United States (US), Australia, England, Canada, Germany, Netherlands, France, and Italy. The research institutes are mainly located in the United States and France, and the main researchers come from the research institutes in these countries. The most cited authors are Needham D, Hopkins R, Jackson J, and Ely E. The top 3 journals with the largest number of published articles were the Journal of Critical Care Medicine, Journal of Critical Care, and Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. The top 5 most commonly used keywords were cognitive impairment, symptom, critical care, acute kidney injury, long-term outcomes, and mechanical ventilation. Post-intensive care syndrome, ICU survivor, critical care outcome, acute respiratory syndrome, and frailty would be potentially cited frequently over the coming years, which represent the emerging trends.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the global research hotspots and trends of related quality-of-life research in ICU survivors. It can help scholars quickly understand the research status and hot spots in this field.
TD-DFT, DFT and concentration dependent SERS investigations of a bioactive trifluoromethyl derivative in silver colloids
Authors: Al-Otaibi Jamelah S. , Mary Y.Sheena , Mary Y.Shyma , Krátký Martin , Vinsova Jarmila , Gamberini Maria Cristina
Published: February 2023

Various quantities of (E)-4-methoxy-N'-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene) benzohydrazide (EMT) adsorbed on colloidal silver nanoparticles were studied using SERS and results were compared to the normal Raman spectrum. DFT calculations were used to validate experimental findings. Theoretically, the structures of the EMT and EMT-Ag6 systems were optimized. The UV-Vis spectral analysis’s red shift and lower intensity behaviour shows that EMT has chemisorbed on to Ag nanoparticles. Charge transfer (CT) from Ag to EMT is highlighted by FMO analysis. The CT interaction in EMT and EMT-Ag6 was further verified by MEP and Mulliken charge analyses. The EMT was adsorbed on Ag nanoparticles with tilted orientation and orientation changes with colloidal concentration, according to SERS spectrum analysis.
Health-related quality of life among thalassemia patients in Bangladesh using the SF-36 questionnaire
Authors: Hossain Md. Jubayer , Islam Md. Wahidul , Munni Ummi Rukaiya , Gulshan Rubaiya , Mukta Sumaiya Akter , Miah Sharif , Sultana Sabia , Karmakar Mousumi , Ferdous Jannatul , Islam Mohammad Ariful
Published: February 2023

BackgroundOne of the most common autosomal recessive hereditary blood disorders in the world, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. Patients suffering from this disease face physical, emotional, and social problems that lessen their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Thus, this study aimed to determine HRQoL and its determinants of Thalassemia patients (TP) in Bangladesh using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was done on 356 randomly selected TP from the Bangladesh Thalassemia Foundation. Participants were invited to face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and % ages), independent t-test, ANOVA, and Multivariate (linear and logistic regression) analysis were performed on the collected data.ResultsOur demographic data showed that among 356 patients, 54% and 46% were male and female, respectively, with an average age of 17 years. The majority were transfusion-dependent (91 %), with a quarter of the patients (26%) having comorbidities, and half of the patients (52%) were from low-income families. Therefore, the medical expenses per annum for each patient of 60,000 BDT were a real burden for those patients. In the case of HRQoL, male patients showed significantly higher scores of bodily pains and physical health summaries than female patients. Lower income, high blood transfusion status, disease severity, comorbidities, and medical expenses (p < 0.05; CI 95%) are significantly associated with lower SF-36 scores.ConclusionsThis study found an association between lower income, blood transfusion, disease severity, comorbidities, and medical expenses and the deterioration of HRQoL among TP. Male patients experienced poorer HRQoL compared to their female counterparts. National action plans are required to guarantee the holistic welfare of thalassemia patients.
Integrating Micro-Depot Freight Transport in Existing Public Transport Services
Authors: Hörsting Lena , Cleophas Catherine
Published: February 2023

As conventional last-mile transport contributes to traffic congestion and pollution, new approaches to transporting freight in urban areas are needed. Integrating freight deliveries with existing public transport infrastructures, such as light rail, is a promising concept. However, it poses the challenge of offering a high service quality for passengers and freight. In this work, we consider a setting where freight originates from and is transshipped at several public transit stops that serve as micro-depots. These micro-depots have a limited storage capacity. Further, we consider a system that relies on shared vehicles, where a dedicated part of the capacity serves either as room to fasten freight containers or as a standing room for passengers. For this setting, we propose an optimization model that integrates the tactical scheduling of vehicles and the allocation of freight containers to vehicles. To solve realistically-sized instances, we propose an adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic. We use this heuristic to evaluate the system’s sensitivity to the capacity of micro-depots and vehicles in various scenarios.
Action Spectrum for Reorientations in Bacteriorhodopsin of Purple Membrane in Suspension
Authors: MOSTAFA Hamdy I. A.
Published: February 2023

In the present study, the dependency of purple membrane (PM) dielectric responses on the wavelength of light in the range 380–750 nm has showed meaningful changes about the rotation of PM in suspension and about the rotation of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) trimmer inside PM, as well. The action spectrum of PM random walk substantiates the existence of two states of bR. One of them (blue edge-state) lies at the blue edge and the other (red edge-state) at the red edge of the visible absorption of bR. The results might bear on correlation of these bands to some bR photocycle intermediates or bR photoproducts. The results implicate the protein-chromophore interactions that eventually underlie protein-lipid interactions. Disrupture of the protein-lipid contact during illumination with light of wavelength in the range 410–470 nm as well as 610–720 nm has resulted in emerging of distinct dielectric dispersion at 0.06–0.08 MHz, and which is comparable to the size of bR trimmer or monomer. The work reports on the chromatic adaptation of bR in view of the dielectric spectral parameters of PM. It aimed to explore a correlation seemingly found between the light wavelength and the relaxations of bR trimmer inside PM. Changes in rotational diffusion of bR trimmer upon blue and red light illumination can influence the three dimensional data storage based on bR, which may implicate bR in bioelectronics.
A prediction model for moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue in colorectal cancer after chemotherapy: A prospective case‒control study
Authors: Huang Si-Ting , Ke Xi , Wu Yu-Xuan , Yu Xin-Yuan , Liu He-Kun , Liu Dun
Published: February 2023

Aims: To develop a model to predict the risk of moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in colorectal cancer patients after chemotherapy.
Methods: The study population was colorectal cancer patients who received chemotherapy from September 2021 to June 2022 in a grade 3 and first-class hospital. Demographic, clinical, physiological, psychological, and socioeconomic factors were collected 1 to 2 days before chemotherapy. Patients were followed for 1 to 2 days after chemotherapy to assess fatigue using the Piper Fatigue Scale. A random sampling method was used to select 181 patients with moderate to severe CRF as the case group. The risk set sampling method was used to select 181 patients with mild or no CRF as the control group. Logistic regression, back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) and decision tree models were constructed and compared.
Results: A total of 362 patients consisting of 241 derivation samples and 121 validation samples were enrolled. Comparing the three models, the prediction effect of BP-ANN was the best, with a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of 0.83. Internal and external verification indicated the accuracy of prediction was 70.4% and 80.8%, respectively. Significant predictors identified were surgery, complications, hypokalaemia, albumin, neutrophil percentage, pain (VAS score), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score, sleep quality (PSQI score), anxiety (HAD-A score), depression (HAD-D score) and nutrition (PG-SGA score).
Conclusions: BP-ANN was the best model, offering theoretical guidance for clinicians to formulate a tool to identify patients at high risk of moderate to severe CRF.
Impact：
· A prediction model can be developed to predict the risk of moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue in colorectal cancer patients after chemotherapy.
· The BP-ANN model offers theoretical guidance for a clinically predictable tool to assist nurses in identifying and supporting patients at high risk of moderate to severe CRF.
· There are 11 risk factors for moderate to severe CRF in patients with colorectal cancer after chemotherapy, and the BP-ANN is the best prediction model with strong predictive performance.
CD38-targeted and erythrocyte membrane camouflaged nano-drug delivery system for photothermal-chemotherapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhang Fangrong , Yang Qin , Tang Sishi , Jiang SiYi , Zhao Qiangqiang , Li Jian , Xu Cong , Liu Jing , Fu Yunfeng
Published: February 2023

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant and incurable disease. Currently, chemotherapy is the primary approach for the treatment of MM. Bortezomib (BTZ) is a breakthrough drug for MM, significantly improving patient survival. However, BTZ can interrupt the treatment due to its serious side effects. Therefore, developing novel therapeutics for MM is essential. Herein, an innovative nanoparticle-based drug delivery system P-R@Ni3P-BTZ is designed and constructed to treat MM. The present study investigated the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of P-R@Ni3P-BTZ in vitro and in vivo. Results: Trinickel monophosphide nanoparticles (Ni3P NPs) are spherical porous hollow materials with photothermal performance. As a novel scaffold, Ni3P integrates photothermal therapy (PTT) with chemotherapy by loading BTZ (Ni3P-BTZ). In addition, Ni3P-BTZ is wrapped by a thin layer of the red blood cell membrane (Rm) to form R@Ni3P-BTZ, which confers the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and reduces immunogenicity. Finally, CD38-targeting peptide P is inserted into Rm via DSPE-PEG2000-P to precisely target MM cells (P-R@Ni3P-BTZ). In vitro and in vivo, it proved that P-R@Ni3P-BTZ has excellent targeting ability to CD38 + MM cells and is highly effective in killing MM cells. P-R@Ni3P-BTZ significantly induces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and increases apoptosis of MM cells, which underlies the primary mechanism of antitumor effects. In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments proved that P-R@Ni3P possesses good biocompatibility and biosafety. Conclusions: These findings suggested that P-R@Ni3P-BTZ nanodrug delivery system is a promising CD38 targeting chemotherapy and PTT nanocomposites, which is a specific and efficient MM therapeutic method.
Explore the electrochemical performance of a novel metal copper-sodium battery
Authors: Xu Wenhan , Li Yanwei , Yao Jinhuan , Jiang Jiqiong , Zhu Qing
Published: February 2023

Exploring a novel metal battery with a simple manufacturing process and low production cost is crucial for the development of the next-generation energy storage system. In this work, the electrochemical performance of a novel Cu-Na battery by using Cu foils as a cathode and Na foils as an anode was studied for the first time. The Cu-Na battery exhibits good reversibility of the electrochemical reactions and cycling stability, it delivers an available discharge capacity of 61.5% of the charge capacity under a charge capacity limitation of 0.02 mAh cm-2 with a current density of 0.1 mA cm-2 after 50 cycles. EIS analysis reveals that the Cu-Na battery maintains a stable electrochemical reaction resistance with the increase of cycle numbers. This work suggests that the novel Cu-Na battery could a promising candidate for the next-generation energy storage system.
Targeting MALAT1 Augments Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition by Impairing Homologous Recombination in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yadav Anjali , Biswas Tanay , Praveen Ayush , Ganguly Promit , Verma Ayushi , Datta Dipak , Ateeq Bushra
Published: February 2023

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as a promising targeted therapeutic intervention for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the clinical utility of PARPi has been limited to a subset of patients who harbour aberrations in the genes associated with the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Here, we report that targeting metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), an oncogenic lncRNA contrives BRCAness-like phenotype and demonstrates contextual synthetic lethality with PARPi. Mechanistically, we show that MALAT1silencing reprograms the HR transcriptome, thus enhancing vulnerability to PARPi. Particularly, co-inhibition of MALAT1and PARP1 exhibits a decline in clonogenic survival, delays resolution of γH2AX foci and reduces tumour burden in mice xenograft model. Moreover, we show that miR-421, a tumour-suppressor miRNA negatively regulates the expression of HR genes, while in aggressive PCa cases, miR-421 is sequestered by MALAT1 leading to increased expression of HR genes. Conclusively, our findings suggest that MALAT1 ablation confers sensitivity to PARPi, thus highlighting an alternative therapeutic strategy for CRPC patients irrespective of the alterations in HR genes.
Hypercarbia in Hospitalized Children and Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa as a Predictive Marker for Readmission: A Prospective Study
Authors: Viaño-Nogueira Pedro , Aparicio-López Cristina , Prieto-Campo Ángela , Morón-Nozaleda Goretti , Camarneiro-Silva Ricardo , Graell-Berna Montserrat , de Lucas-Collantes Carmen
Published: February 2023

Background
Readmissions in anorexia nervosa (AN) are a common though understudied outcome. No organic alterations have been related to the likeliness of readmission to date. This study evaluated clinical and laboratory alterations associated to the risk of AN-related hospital readmissions in children and adolescents.
Methods
A prospective study was performed with every person ≤18 years old admitted due to AN destabilization to the Eating Disorder Ward of a freestanding children's hospital in Madrid (Spain) from November 2018 to October 2019. Both subtypes of AN were included. The participants were evaluated upon admission, at discharge and six months after discharge.
T-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests were used for means comparison. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used for measuring the association between two variables. Logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the relationship between scoring methods and readmission.
Results
154 persons were admitted during the study period. 131 met the inclusion criteria. Median age was 15.1 years (interquartile range 13.5-16.4). 71% of participants were malnourished at admission. 33 participants (25 %) had been previously admitted due to an eating disorder.
Remarkable venous pH decrease and pCO2 elevation remained stable during the follow-up period. Hypercarbia at discharge was associated with readmission being twice more likely. The odds of readmission increased as discharge pCO2 rose. These findings did not depend on the AN subtype or the participant sex. Electrolytes persisted within the normal range.
Conclusions
Hypercarbia and respiratory acidosis are common alterations in children and adolescents hospitalized due to AN destabilization. Hypercarbia persists for at least 6 months after discharge, despite clinical improvement, and is associated with higher odds of readmission. This is the first study to identify a laboratory alteration as a potential indicator of readmission in AN. Further research is needed to fully understand the consequences of hypercarbia on people diagnosed of AN.
Removal of HCl produced by PVC pyrolysis using CaO
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Minglei , Pang Yunji , Chen Yisheng , Wang Li , Wang Peng
Published: February 2023

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a polymer made by free radical polymerization and is a common plastic raw material in our life. Currently, one of the ways to recycle PVC is to burn and pyrolysis it, and the HCl produced by pyrolysis has adverse effects on the environment and the human body. The objective of this research was to the pyrolysis of PVC during slow pyrolysis in a tubular heating furnace. Moreover, to evaluate the effect of different temperatures with different calcium oxide (CaO) addition ratios on the removal of HCl generated by PVC pyrolysis. In addition, the tar and gas produced by pyrolysis were also analyzed. Firstly, the solid-phase products resulting from the co-pyrolysis of PVC with CaO addition were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy spectrometry (EDS). Next, the crystalline content of the solid phase products was analyzed using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). FTIR analysis of the liquid-phase products of PVC pyrolysis under CaO addition was performed. The gas phase products were analyzed by GC for common gas compositions. The results showed that more reactive sites were provided at a Ca/Cl addition ratio of 2:1. The peak value of alkaline calcium chloride was highest at 500°C, which indicates that the removal of HCl is best at 500°C. It was observed that the HCl removal efficiency reached 93.4% at a Ca/Cl ratio of 2:1 at a temperature of 550°C. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the pyrolytic removal of HCl from PVC.
Affection Mechanism of Fiscal Decentralization on Environmental Pollution: from a Perspective of Industrial Restructuring
Authors: Zhou Yufei , Li Shuqin , Li Jingmei , Chen Ji , Hu Qiuguang
Published: February 2023

Fiscal decentralization is an institutional feature of China’s economic development, which is contributing to better understanding of ecological issues. Industrial restructuring, as an important tool for local governments to develop the economy, is also a major cause of environmental pollution. This paper exams fiscal decentralization, industrial restructuring, and environmental pollution under a unified analytical framework and uses panel data of 286 cities in China from 2003 to 2018 to conduct an empirical test. The result reveals that environmental pollution is significantly spatially correlated, with pollutants spreading within neighbouring areas. Fiscal decentralization directly impacts environmental pollution and affect regional environment by changing regional industrial structure indirectly. Under a spatial perspective, fiscal decentralization and industrial structure are separately responsible for environmental pollution in neighbouring regions. Fiscal and industrial competition in neighbouring regions exacerbate local environmental pollution through the negative incentive of “bottom-up competition”.
GCN-CA: Co-Attention for Text Matching by Text Graph Representation
Authors: Liu Gang , Yan Zhizheng , Dong Yichao , Wang Tongli , Zhan Kai
Published: February 2023

For text matching task, most works usually own to lack sequence information, neglect some text information, consequently, and thus fail to extract deeper interaction information by merely using insufficient information extraction methods. Graph representation learning is an effective method, which maps nodes into vectors to retain as much topological information as possible. We propose a feature extraction and text matching method based on graph convolutional network and co-attention mechanism called GCN-CA. It is designed to realize text interaction and matching feature extraction by constructing a text graph, which integrates syntactic information and sequence information into the graph by dividing text matching task into two phrases: extracting features and matching. This paper proposed models contains graph convolutional network constructing a text graph which has syntactic and sequence information, and a multi-layer co-attention network realizing text interaction and matching feature extraction. Experiments show that the proposed approach achieves competitive performances on the Quora, Ant Financial datasets. We achieve accuracy 0.9073 and F1 0.9052 on Quoradatasets, and accuracy 0.7780 and F1 0.7493 on Ant Financial datasets.
Geomechanical modelling and stability analysis of the shallow underground water reservoir 'Palombaro Lungo' (Matera-Italy)
Authors: Bruno Giovanni , Tupputi Daniele , Simeone Vincenzo
Published: February 2023

The city of Matera, as several other ancient historical town, is recovering a large part of its ancient parts developing a policy of urban regeneration. In the early 90s during the restoration works of the main square, Piazza Vittorio Veneto, it was re-discovered a huge underground space used as water reservoir named Palombaro Lungo. It was built linking ancient pre-existing smaller caves and completed at the end of the 19th century making it impermeable with opus signinum. The hypogeum is dug in a Plio-Pleistocene rock called Gravina Calcarenite. It is a weak rock with good mechanical properties, low permeability and easy to be dug. The internal geometry of the hypogeum and the rock thicknesses above the caves was reconstructed by the integration of topographic and GPR surveys.
In this paper is presented a geo-mechanical model of Palombaro Lungo underground reservoir and an evaluation of its stability that is part of the studies for the evaluation for the recovery of the ancient historical town. The stability analysis were developed using the numerical code UDEC for several transect of Palombaro Lungo assuming the calcarenitic blocks as deformable, trying to address the evolution of the stress-strain conditions.
The case study can be considered as an example of general interest for the study of rupestrian underground reservoir of a longed form, where one planimetric dimension strictly prevails over the other. Numerical simulations showed a stress-strain state compatible with the fractures detected in situ and confirmed the absence of instability problems in the groundwater reservoir.
Analyzing Factors Contributing to Real-time Train Arrival Delays using Seemingly Unrelated Regression Models
Authors: Tiong Kah Yong , Ma Zhenliang , Palmqvist Carl-William
Published: February 2023

Understanding the impact of various factors on train arrival delays is a prerequisite for effective railway traffic operating control and management. Existing studies analyze the train delay factors using a single, generic regression equation, restricting their capability in accounting for heterogeneous impacts of spatiotemporal factors on arrival delays as the train travels along its route. The paper proposes a set of equations conditional on the train location for analyzing train arrival delay factors at stations. We develop a seemingly unrelated regression equation (SURE) model to estimate the coefficients simultaneously while considering potential correlations between regression residuals caused by shared unobserved variables among equations. The railway data from 2017 to 2020 in Sweden are used to validate the proposed model and explore the effects of various factors on train arrival delays. The results confirm the necessity of developing a set of station-specific train arrival delay models to understand the heterogeneous impact of explanatory variables. The results show that the significant factors impacting train arrival delays are primarily train operations, including dwell times, running times, and operation delays from previous trains and upstream stations. The factors of the calendar, weather, and maintenance are also significant in impacting delays. Importantly, different train operating management strategies should be targeted at different stations since the impacts of these factors could vary depending on where the station is.