bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The First Production of Artificial Limbs in The Ottoman State
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Elif
Published: January 2021

Aim: The main goal of this study is looking for an answer in the light of the documents of the Ottoman Archives of the Prime Minister’s Office to the question that when the production of modern artificial limbs in the Ottoman Empire was started. Method: A catalog review was made on the website of Ottoman Archives of the Prime Minister’s Office between January 2019 and July 2019. In the catalog review, the keywords “suni aza (artificial limbs)”, “suni el (artificial hand)”, “suni kol (artificial arm)”, “suni ayak (artificial foot)”, “suni bacak (artificial leg)” were used and all determined 39 documents, that will enable us to illuminate the process of first-time production of modern artificial limbs in the Ottoman State were included in the study. The documents written in Ottoman Turkish were read by the author and evaluated scientifically.Results: In some previous studies, it was reported that the local production of artificial limbs in Ottoman State started, since the renovation of Sadettin Pasha’s prosthesis was too expensive. However, this study revealed, that the person needed a new prosthesis was Rauf Pasha, not Sadettin Pasha and that the State spared no expense to start the first artificial limbs practices.Conclusion: This study revealed that the production of the first modern artificial limbs began during the reign of Abdülhamid II and continued after him.
Production of cuirasses ordered in 1846 at the Zlatoust arms factory
Authors: Rukosuev Eugene , Shumkin Georgiy
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the production of the 1846 order by the Zlatoust arms factory. Much attention is paid to the conditions for placing the order, the dynamics of production, and the transition to a new technology in the second half of the 1850s, which caused the creation of steel production in Zlatoust. The article offers a model for describing the life cycle of fulfilling military orders at state-owned enterprises.
Rekreasyon/Rekreaktif-Oyun-Spor Alanlarının (ROSA) Kentsel Tasarımı ve Planlanması (Uygulama Örnekleri)
Authors: KOCALAR Aziz Cumhur
Published: January 2021

Rekreasyon/Rekreaktif-Oyun ve Spor Alanlarının (ROSA) Planlanması-Tasarımı, şehirlerin gelişimine yön verebilecek derecede önemli disiplinler arası bir etkinliktir. Günümüzde kentleşme sorunlarının artmış olması, sıkıcı, gürültülü ve giderek sağlıksız hale gelen kent yaşamına alternatif olabilecek rekreasyon alanlarının da planlanarak kullanılmasını gerektirmektedir. Öyle ki üniversitelerin yeni rekreasyon bölümleri ve spor dalları da niceliksel ve niteliksel açıdan çeşitlenerek artmaktadır. Ayrıca ekstrem sporların da artan bir şekilde ilgi çektiği bilinmektedir. Bu sporlara ülkemizin doğası da uygundur. Ancak nadir olan benzer tür doğal alanlara da değer verilmesi önemlidir. Spor alanlarının sağlıklı yaşamayı teşvik etmesi için ilgi gören eğlence-dinlenme, oyun ve spor ihtiyaçlarına göre şehirlerin önceden planlanması şarttır. Çalışmanın özgün yanı, şehir çeperlerinde doğa sporları için uygun olan doğal alanların giderek özel bir çekim alanı haline gelebileceğini vurgulayarak önlem alma çabasıdır. Kentlerde eğitim turizmi geliriyle kalkınma olanağı da sağlanabilecektir. Çalışma, ROSA tasarımı ve planlaması için saha örnekleri üzerinden tespitlerde bulunarak öneriler geliştirmektedir.
Bir Kentin Anlamına Erişme Üzerine: Dilsel Bir Varlık Olarak Antakya
Authors: DÖNMEZ Benan
Published: January 2021

Kent, içerisinde birçok varlığı barındıran bir bütün olarak, anlamı ve dilsel ifadesi sürekli olarak değişen bir yapıdadır. Bu çalışma da, kent ve dil ilişkisi üzerinden bir kenti anlama üzerinedir. Kentin anlamını sorgulama noktasında ise, içerisinde yer aldığı topoğrafik gerçeklikle birlikte Antakya kenti çalışmanın öznesi olarak ele alınmıştır. Çünkü Antakya kenti ve var olduğu yeryüzü arasındaki ilişkinin çeşitli dilsel bileşenler üzerinden okunabilirliği, bu kent üzerinden inşa edilen anlamların deşifresini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Çalışma, dilsel bir yapıyı bizzat kuran kavramlar olarak anlatılar, ifadeler, temsiller, adlandırmalar üzerinden Antakya kentini okumayı amaçlamaktadır. Öyle ki, Antakya kentine dilsel bir varlık perspektifinden bakılarak, kentin anlamına varlığın anlamına erişir gibi yaklaşılır. Dolayısıyla, çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Antakya kenti varlığın doğrudan kendisi olarak kabul edilerek, bir varlık ve varoluş anlatısı aracılığıyla, kentin "varoluşsal mekânının keşfi üzerine" dilsel bir okuma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Antakya kentinin dilsel varlığı ve ifadesi, yer aldığı yeryüzüne ait beden üzerinden anlam kazanırken, varoluş mekânı olan yeryüzünün bileşenlerinden dağ ve nehir temsillerinin anlamsal karşılıkları da varlığın kendisi ile birlikte dönüşmektedir. Bahsedilen anlamsal dönüşüm doğrudan dildeki ifadeye de yansıyarak adlandırmalardaki dönüşüm olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde "dilsel dönüşümün deşifresi üzerine" bir okuma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görülür ki, varlık dönüşen anlamını doğrudan dildeki yansıması üzerinden ifade etmektedir. Çünkü, anlamın bedenleşmesi dil üzerinedir
Bourdieu Perspektifiyle Bürokratik Çatışma Alanı ve Konut: Fransa’da Yeni Konut Politikasının İnşası
Authors: YARIM Umut Seren , BEYAZIT Eylem , GÜNEŞ Muharrem
Published: January 2021

Konutun hem bir üretim hem de tüketim nesnesi olarak pek çok sosyal bilim alanında tartışılı-yor olması şaşırtıcı değildir. Ekonomik alandan siyasal ve sosyolojik alana uzanan tartışmaların ekseni dönemsel olarak değişse de konutun neredeyse bütün rejimlerde “kullanışlı” bir araç olduğu görülmektedir. Konut politikalarının inşa ve analiz sürecinde farklılıklar görülmekte-dir. Her ülke, rejim pratiği sonuçları açısından farklı pratik ve değerlendirmeler ortaya çıka-rırken gerçek olan, konut sorununun hızla “hak” temelli bir insanlık sorunu olarak karşımızda durmasıdır. Bu çalışma Bourdieu’nün kavramsal araçlarını kullanarak, Fransız konut politika-sının inşasında önemli kırılma noktaları olan tarihsel süreçleri ele almakta, konut politikalarını bürokratik alan üzerinden analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın temel tezi, “görünmez” olarak da nitelenebilecek “bürokratik alanın” çatışmacı niteliklerinin konut politikasının belir-lenmesi ve uygulanması sürecindeki yeri ve etkisinin belirleyiciliğidir. Bourdieu’nün alandaki araştırması temel alınarak konut politikası incelemelerinde çoklu aktör analizi yapılması öne-rilmektedir. İnşaat sektörünün kapitalistlerin çıkarları kadar bürokrasi alanındaki mücadelele-rin ve yalnızca merkezin değil yerel güçlerin de çıkarlarının ve habituslarının etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.
PENGUATAN KADER KESEHATAN MELALUI EDUKASI GIZI DALAM MENGATASI ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Sohara
Published: January 2021

Persoalan gizi dalam pembangunan kependudukan masih merupakan persoalan yang dianggap menjadi masalah utama dalam tatanan kependudukan dunia. Indonesia termasuk Negara berkembang yang memiliki permasalahn lingkungan dan permasalahan gizi yang cukup kompleks. Permasalahan gizinya pun berbeda dengan Negara maju. Indonesiamemiliki permasalahan gizi ganda yang merupakan fenomena ironis, disaat tingginya permasalahan gizi kurang baik, disisi lain ada permasalahan gizi lebih. Di Indonesia, persoalan gizi ini juga merupakan salah satu persoalan utama dalam pembangunan manusia. Sebagai salah satu Negara dengan kompleksitas kependudukan yang sangat beraneka ragam, Indonesia dihadapi oleh dinamika persoalan gizi buruk. Walaupun proses pembangunan di Indonesia telah mampu mengatasi persoalan ini, tetapi dilihat dari kecenderungan data statistik, masih banyak persoalan yang perlu di selesaikan terutama yang menyangkut persoalan balita gizi kurang
Yayasan Taruna Nusantara Jaya Gowa
Authors: Japaruddin
Published: January 2021

Curriculum Vitae of Yayasan Taruna Nusantara Jaya Gowa
Effects of Positive and Negative Awe on Spirituality
Authors: Feliccia Abrey
Published: January 2021

Past research has found that awe is closely related to spiritual experiences. However, it is not clear whether positive awe and negative, threat-based awe have similar effects on self-judgments of spirituality. Negative awe includes feelings of fear that may impede peoples’ experience of connecting with the transcendent. This experiment examined how recalled experiences of positive awe, negative awe, and amusement (a control condition for awe) affect feelings of spirituality. We found that people higher in religiosity reported more spirituality, which did not differ across experimental conditions. Additionally, we found that participants lower in religiosity reported more spirituality in the positive and negative awe conditions than in the amusement condition. Results on other dependent variables in the study suggest that participants low in religiosity used their experiences of awe as information for judgments about their spirituality, whereas participants higher in religiosity may have directly accessed views of themselves as spiritual.
Questionable Research Practices among Faculty and Students in APA-accredited Clinical and Counseling Psychology Doctoral Programs
Authors: Swift Joshua , Christopherson Cody D , Bird Megan , Zold Amanda , Goode Jonathan
Published: January 2021

This study examines self-reported engagement in questionable research practices (QRPs) by faculty (N = 164) and students (N = 110) in American Psychological Association (APA)-accredited clinical and counseling psychology doctoral programs. Both faculty and student participants were asked to report their own engagement as well as the engagement of their graduate school mentor in 12 QRPs. Nearly 65% of the faculty participants and 50% of the student participants reported engaging in at least one QRP. The most commonly reported QRP was selectively reporting findings that worked (35% for faculty, 26% for students) and the least commonly admitted was falsifying data (0% for faculty, 1% for students). Total number of QRPs engaged in was significantly predicted by knowledge of mentor engagement in QRPs (explaining 34% of the variance for faculty and 19% of the variance for students), but it was not predicted by degree year, number of publications, or self-reported researcher reputation. These results suggest that QRPs do occur in the field, but perhaps at lower levels than had previously been thought. They also suggest that additional training in QRPs is needed. Training implications and future directions are discussed.
Diachronic exploitation of landscape resources - tangible and intangible industrial heritage and their synthesis suspended step
Authors: Zacharopoulou Georgia
Published: January 2021

It is expected that industrial heritage actually tells the story of the emerging capitalism highlighting the dynamic social relationship between the “workers” and the owners of the “production means”. In current times of economic crisis, it may even involve a painful past with lost social, civil, gender and/or class struggles, a depressing present with abandoned, fragmented, degraded landscapes and ravaged factories, and a hopeless future for the former workers of the local (not only) society; or just a conquerable ground for controversial investments. This is certainly an emotionally charged subject matter, with multiple readings and interpretations.However, this view is only partial when facing landscape during its historical evolution process. A diachronic study, thus, embraces all resources that probably gave rise to a variety of human activities; all of them embody heritage values -“subjectively” or “objectively” perceived- their evaluation, though, is a matter of an on-going process of the civil society.Greece's landscape accommodates a diversity of diachronic productive practices that may overlap historical periods, technological evolutions and social transformations. Pre-, early and industrial exploitation of resources does not remain firm but vary according to time and the needs of each society. The comparative scale of certain resource exploitation is highlighted as the key for the assessment methodology in close relation to the specific frame of a local landscape and a historical period.Even though archaeological evidence may possibly reveal and document continuity in a range of sustainable productive processes without conflicts, great controversies emerge when new investments are “offered” as an antidote to economic crisis -not harmonized to the local scale, traumatizing thus the “spirit” of the landscape. Suggestions for incompatible productive use and investment planning imply irreversible and irreparable effects on the environment, society and economy of a region and are only faced through social awareness. Case studies of passive and/or active involvement of local communities, in synthesizing and enhance landscape’s “spirit”, its diachronic industrial heritage and the embedded tangible and intangible values, will support a pragmatic -not a suspended- step towards a sustainable future. Quoting Neil Cossons (TICCIH Congress 2012) “Industrial imperialism ensures its position and protects its future not by the conquest of distant lands as by the securing of its sources of raw materials ... The modern world is as much under the control of the major industrial powers as it ever was during the colonial era”; if such a case can the industrial heritage sector remain apolitical?
Exploring the dynamics of neighborhood ethnic segregation with agent-based modelling: an empirical application to Bradford
Authors: Zuccotti Carolina , Lorenz Jan , Paolillo Rocco , Rodríguez Sánchez Alejandra , Serka Selamavit
Published: January 2021

How individuals’ residential moves in space translate into overall segregation patterns, remains a key challenge in neighborhood ethnic segregation research. In this paper, we use agent-based modeling to explore this concern, focusing on the interactive role of ethnic and socio-economic homophily preferences and housing constraints as determinants of residential choice. Specifically, we extend the classic Schelling model to a random utility discrete choice approach to simulate the relocation decisions of people (micro level) and how they translate into spatial segregation outcomes (macro level). We model different weights for preferences of ethnic and socioeconomic similarity in neighborhood composition over random relocations, in addition to socioeconomic housing constraints. We formalize how different combinations of these variables could replicate empirically observed ethnic segregation scenarios in Bradford, a substantially segregated local authority in the UK. We initialize our model with geo-referenced data from the 2011 Census and use various measures of segregation to describe our results. As in the original Schelling model, we find that even mild ethnic preferences alone would lead to unrealistic ethnic over-segregation in Bradford. However, we demonstrate that such process can be altered in favor of less ethnic segregation when agents’ preferences for socioeconomic similarity are slightly stronger than their preferences for ethnic similarity. We discuss the theoretical and policy contributions of our findings
Assessing Preschool Children’s Social Pretend Play Competence: An Empirical Comparison of Three Different Assessment Methods
Authors: Jaggy Ann-Kathrin , Perren Sonja , Sticca Fabio
Published: January 2021

Pretend play may be beneficial for young children’s social development. However, empirical results to date are inconsistent and limited, which is partly due to a lack of psychometrically sound measures for children’s social pretend play competence. The current study aimed to compare and validate different assessment methods for children’s social pretend play competence. In total, 64 3- to 4-year-old children participated in the study (age: M = 46.4, SD = 3.8). Assessments were conducted twice, three months apart. Social pretend play competence was assessed using a standardized role play test (Tools of the Play Scale), a social pretend play situation with a peer (Dyadic Pretend Play Assessment), and a teacher report. Children’s Theory of Mind, emotion understanding, and language comprehension were assessed. Educators reported on children’s social-emotional skills. Research Findings: All three instruments showed a good factorial validity, measurement invariance and sensitivity to intra-individual change. A second-order factor of all three methods was identified. The Tools of the Play Scale and the teacher report yielded good criterion validity. The second-order factor showed even better criterion validity: Children with higher social pretend play competence showed higher social-cognitive skills as well as social-emotional skills. Practice or Policy: Limitations and applications of the instruments are discussed.
Does prestige lead to discrimination in the labor market? Evidence from a labor market field experiment in three countries
Authors: Mihut Georgiana
Published: January 2021

Do employers prioritize the name of the university someone graduated from above an applicant’s skills in the employment process? 2,400 fictitious applications were submitted to IT and accounting job openings in three countries: United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. The resumes belonged to fictitious citizens, both female and male, that have attended universities of varying prestige in the respective countries. For each sector of the labor market, two resumes were designed. One resume had a high skills match with the generic requirements of entry level jobs in each sector. A second resume had a low skills match with the same requirements. For each country, one high-ranked university and one non-high-ranked university were selected to signal prestige. The name of the university the applicant graduated from and their sex were randomly assigned on otherwise identical resumes. This study distinguished between the effects of human capital from the effect of the name of the graduating university—while controlling for networking effects—in the hiring process. Human capital was statistically significant in predicting callbacks. Applications in the high skills match condition were 79% more likely to receive a callback than applications in the low skills match condition. The prestige condition, the interaction between university prestige and match, and sex were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that human capital, and not university prestige, predicts recruitment outcomes for applicants with a bachelor’s degree only in skill intensive sectors of the labor market.
The Effects of Authentic Leadership on Athletes’ Trust, Achievement, and Moral Variables
Authors: Malloy Ella , Kavussanu Maria , Mackman Thomas
Published: January 2021

Objectives Authentic leadership is a style of leadership which could be promising in sport. However, to date, very little research has examined this leadership style in coaches. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of an authentic leadership manipulation on athletes’ trust, achievement, and moral outcomes. Design Experiment using a 3 x 2 between-participant design.Methods 129 university athletes (Mage = 19.36; 76 females) were randomly assigned to either a high, low or neutral authentic leadership condition. Results A multivariate analysis of variance indicated that participants in the high authentic leadership condition reported higher trust, commitment, enjoyment, and anticipated guilt for aggression, and lower aggression compared to participants in the low authentic leadership and neutral conditions. Conclusions The findings suggest that high authentic leadership could be key to creating more positive environments in sport.
Examining Education Students’ Preference for Reading Medium, Resource and Time
Authors: Sharma Lok Raj
Published: January 2021

The chief purpose of this research article is to examine the Bachelor of Education students’ preferred reading medium, resource and time for their academic purpose. It is based on the cross sectional survey carried out at Makawanpur Multiple Campus, Nepal across the boy and girl students in 2020. The simple random sampling technique, especially lottery method was applied to select 126 students from the population of 185 students. The researcher used a questionnaire regarding the students’ preference and reasons for reading medium, resource and time. The percent statistics show that 70.6% students preferred the print medium and 29.4% students preferred the print medium. The students who preferred teachers’ hand-outs, text books, guide books and solution books were 42.2%, 19.8%, 19.0% and 19.0% respectively. The students who preferred morning time, day time and evening time were 61.1%, 23.8% and 15.1% respectively. The chi-square test of independence between sex and preferred reading medium [ χ2 (1) = 2.391, critical value = 3.841 and p (.122) > .05]; between sex and preferred reading resource [ χ2 (3) = 2.595, critical value = 7.815 and p (.458) > .05]; and between sex and preferred reading time [ χ2 (2) = .620, critical value = 5.991 and p (.733) > .05] show that there was no statistically significant association between sex and preferred reading medium, resource and time.
Empfehlungen für die Sichtbarkeit von Open Access-Publikationen in der Suchmaschine des Österreichischen Bibliothekenverbundes
Authors: Andrae Magdalena , Bauer† Bruno , Birkner Michael , Blumesberger Susanne , Cerny Nadine , Edler Sonja , Ernst Julia , Ferus Andreas , Heider Veronika , Kann Bettina , Majewski Stefan , Novotny Gertraud , Schubert Bernhard
Published: January 2021

Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse der OBV-Arbeitsgruppe „Repositorien im Verbund“ präsentiert. Die AG verfolgte das Ziel, einen Leitfaden für die Erfassung von Metadaten für Objekte in Repositorien, der dazu beiträgt, einheitliche Standards in dieser Hinsicht zu entwickeln, mit dessen Hilfe es in weiterer Folge ermöglicht werden soll, Repositorienbestände ohne Erzeugung von Dubletten in Alma bzw. im Verbundkatalog nachzuweisen. Weitere Ziele waren die Erarbeitung von Empfehlungen für eine zentrale Bereitstellung von Metadaten von Open Access-Publikationen zur Vereinfachung der lokalen Workflows (analog zum DFG-geförderten Projekt DeepGreen) mittels Teilautomatisierung sowie von Empfehlungen für eine Etablierung eines Reiters für Open Access-Materialien in der Suchmaschine des Österreichischen Bibliothekenverbundes (analog zu den Reitern „Fachliteratur“, „Hochschulschriften“ und „Nachlässe / Handschriften“).
Tuberculous Encephalopathy Mimicking Limbic Encephalitis and Large Intraparenchymal Mass: A Challenge In Diagnosis
Authors: Haroon Raihanah , Che Mohamed Siti Kamariah , Hassan Radhiana
Published: January 2021

Tuberculosis of central nervous system (CNS TB) being endemic in Malaysia, most commonly presents as tuberculoma or meningitis. Less commonly, this specific disease entity presents as cerebritis, miliary form, encephalitis and large intraparenchymal mass. At the cellular level, it was even postulated that the pathogenesis of the most common form of CNS TB is way different from the rarer form of encephalitis. Parenchymal involvement of CNS TB is primarily believed as a result of leptomeningeal/ ependymal extension or gross occlusion of basal arteries due to exudates and arteritis. However, the pathogenesis of TB encephalitis was postulated to result from type IV direct (allergic type) hypersensitivity which is similar to other demyelinating diseases at present. Here, we highlight an extremely rare imaging manifestation of CNS TB, which impersonates limbic encephalitis and large intraparenchymal mass imposing a diagnostic dilemma.
Health Seeking Behavior of Health Disorders of Men among Government Servants in Kuantan: Prevalence Study towards a Healthy Ummah
Authors: Arifin Syamsul Ahmad , Mat Yusuf Afzan , Nabilah Raja Ili , Md Isa Lokman
Published: January 2021

As age advances most of body system will follow a process of deterioration too and the same goes for reproductive health. There is a gap between the prevalence of reproductive health disorders and rates of treatment. This gap among middle aged and older men is still wide compared to other chronic disease. In Islam, seeking medical treatment for the cure of diseases is part of the Prophet’s tradition and the Prophet (PBUH.) said in the Hadith the following: “For every disease there is a medicine, and if that medicine is applied to the disease, he will recover by Allah’s Leave.” Therefore the aim of this study is to identify a health seeking behaviour among men in for men’s health (MH) disorders in Kuantan. A cross sectional study was conducted among 157 respondents from four governments agencies and the data was collected using self-administered questionnaire modified from a valid and reliable measure. The results showed that 68.2% of the respondents (n=107) have high attitude in seeking for health regarding men’s health while for the rest of the respondents (n=50, 31.8%) have low attitude in seeking for MH. Men from the Service factor are perceived the highest compared the other two factors which are cultural and economic factors. This study showed that MH that includes reproductive disorders has always been taken lightly by the community itself. A Lack of awareness regarding ME issue causes men to ignore the importance of health screening. This should be improved in order to produce a healthy community for better Ummah since good heredity begins with good ME.
A 4-Year Audit of Open Method Chemoport Insertions through Cephalic Vein Performed In Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan
Authors: Sanjay DS , Lee KY , Syafiq H , Salleh MS
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Many cancer patients in general require long term venous access such as chemoport for chemotherapy, as well as infusion of fluids and blood taking. However, chemoport insertions carry complications such as infection, blockage, pneumothorax and malposition. We received feedbacks regarding complications endured by patients after chemoport insertion from the respective teams managing the patients in our hospital. In view of that, we conducted a retrospective audit on the chemoport insertions which we have done. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective audit on the chemoport insertions which was planned for open method insertion through cephalic vein performed over the last 4 years from 2014 to 2017. Results: A total of 102 chemoports were inserted. Majority of patient’s ages are 50-59 years old. 88 (86%) of the cases were done via open method whereas another 14 cases were converted to percutaneous route. Majority of patients (55%) of the patients have breast carcinoma followed by colorectal (28%), haematological (12%) and gynaecological malignancies (5%). Complications occurred in 10 patients (rate at 9.8%). Most common complications were catheter related infection (5 cases) followed by wound infection (3 cases) and malposition (2 cases). Malposition was detected on post-operative chest radiograph and revision was done. All catheter related infection occurred in patients with haematological malignancies. Our complication rate of 9.8% is lower than the accepted complication rate of 15-25% worldwide. Conclusion: Chemoport provides a robust vascular access especially for the purpose of chemotherapy infusion. We showed with adequate training and privileging, it can be performed with very limited complications.
Complete Tracheal Transection Following Blunt Trauma: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Yahaya Ahmad Ibrahim , Radzi Mohd
Published: January 2021

Traumatic tracheobronchial injury is rare, but can be life-threatening. It is often associated with other fatal injuries. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial to produce the best outcome. We are reporting a 40-year-old gentleman, a lorry driver who had a head on collision with a car. He was brought to the casualty with an intact airway. ATLS was initiated and lead by trauma team. Subsequently in casualty, his conscious level dropped and he became distressed, hence a standard orotracheal intubation was performed. Following intubation, he developed massive subcutaneous emphysema to the neck and upper chest. Computed tomography (CT) showed tracheal injury at C7- T2 level, extensive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum with malposition of the endotracheal tube. Emergency neck exploration was performed in operating theatre, and revealed a complete transection of trachea at the level of 2nd and 3rd tracheal ring. No other vital structures were injured. A tracheostomy was created, and the patient was managed in ICU for one day. Four days following the first surgery, he was transferred to a more specialized center for tracheal refashioning and anastomosis. The patient was discharged home later without a tracheostomy. In tracheobronchial injury, high level of suspicion based on clinical judgement is vital for prompt diagnosis, with adjunct of radiological investigation. Surgical intervention to establish a patent airway in operating theatre is undoubtedly crucial in a complete tracheal transection to prevent secondary insult from tissue hypoxia. In managing such injury, advance preparation should include setups for bronchoscopy and thoracotomy. Patient survival depends on preparation and prompt surgical intervention. A tailored surgical approach is often necessary for definitive repair.
Surgical Challenges in Management of Transected Pancreatic Duct in Blunt Trauma
Authors: I Fahmi , M Zailani , H Nik
Published: January 2021

Isolated blunt pancreatic injury with ductal involvement is rare following a motor vehicle collision, but correlates with significant morbidity and mortality. We reported a 15-year-old male who presented to emergency department after sustained motor vehicle collision. Post trauma, he appeared drowsy but hemodynamically stable. Abdominal examination was unremarkable but FAST scan was positive and he was subjected for CECT abdomen and showed pancreatic laceration at the body with suspicious of pancreatic duct injury. He was planned for emergency exploratory laparotomy and intra-operatively noted pancreatic head laceration with transected pancreatic duct. The case proceeded with ligation of pancreatic duct cephalic stump, and distal pancreaticogastrostomy. Post operatively, the patient recovered well and he was discharged home on day 6 post operatively. Upon follow up visit, he was asymptomatic with repeated ultrasonography of abdomen showed no evidence of intra-abdominal collection. Discussion: Pancreatic injuries with ductal disruption are of special significance. Apart from bleeding, the leak of enzyme rich of pancreatic juice incites vigorous inflammatory cascade that lead to catastrophic changes in patient metabolism and its sequelae including pancreatic necrosis, peripancreatic abscess, pseudocyst, enteric fistulae and organ failures. In a hemodynamically stable patient, CECT abdomen is the investigation of choice to detect pancreatic duct involvement. Pancreatic injury with ductal involvement require surgical management to prevent the complication of pancreatic enzyme leak. Non operative measure is found to be useful in selected patient. The criteria for nonoperative group are stable hemodynamically, a controlled leak wall off like pseudocyst, absent associated injury or pancreatic necrosis. Non-operative strategy requires multidisciplinary involvement with excellent nutritional support, expert endoscopist and interventional radiologist.
Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Musa Nurashidah , Xavier Ruben Gregory
Published: January 2021

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is uncommon and it can be a result from both blunt and penetrating trauma. About to 1% to 7% of patients with blunt trauma sustained TDH. Left sided traumatic diaphragmatic hernia are much common compared to right side.TDH can present acutely or delayed with signs of respiratory distress of intestinal obstruction. The diagnosis was made with the aid of chest radiograph and computed topography (CT) abdomen. A coiled nasogastric tube within the hemithorax is a pathognomonic for TDH. We are presenting a case of high impact injury resulting in a TDH in a 19-year-old, malay male with unsure mechanism injury. He presented with generalised abdominal pain and in respiratory distress with a clinical evidence of abdominal tenderness and type 1 respiratory failure. Subsequently, he underwent exploratory laparotomy and repair of left diaphragmatic hernia. Intraoperatively, noted large linear tear of left hemidiaphragm posterolaterally extending medially until the insertion of falciform ligament. Stomach, left lobe of liver, spleen and splenic flexure of colon were herniated into the left hemithorax. The left diaphragmatic tear was repaired in 2 layers using prolene. A left subdiaphgramatic drain and a chest tube were inserted. Post operatively, the patient was nursed in ICU and recovered well. Repeated chest x -ray showed left lung was fully expanded. With aggressive chest physiotherapy and incentive spirometry, he recovered well and was discharged home. In trauma, there should be a high index of suspicion in patients with both respiratory and abdominal symptoms. Conclusion: Prompt recognition and early definitive management can improve patient outcomes.
Acquired Platelet Dysfunction with Eosinophilia (APDE): Contemplating Physical Abuse
Authors: Anuar Muhamad Azamin , A. Talib Norlelawati , Misaridin Nur Farah Izzati , Abu Bakar Asrar , Mohamed Mossad Abdelhak , Hasan Taufiq Hidayat
Published: January 2021

Introduction: APDE is an acquired, transient bleeding disorder characterised  by normal platelet counts with eosinophilia. It was previously known as ‘nonthrombocytopenic purpura with eosinophilia’. We report a case of a 3-year-old boy with prolonged history of spontaneous unexplained bruising which was initially investigated by SCAN team for non-accidental injury (NAI). Case report: A 3-yearold boy attended clinic with a 4-month history of recurrent bruising. Parents were unsure of preceded illness, but he remained well with no history of trauma. He has unremarkable medical history and father is a thalassaemia carrier. Upon assessment in clinic, he was subsequently referred for suspected NAI and SCAN team led to a police report with a plan to review in 2-months. Parents later decided to bring the child for further medical assessments which revealed multiple bruises over both thighs, back of shoulder, loin and trunk with varying sizes and ages. They were all non-tender on palpation with no recognisable shapes or patterns. Blood results showed normal liver functions with slightly prolonged APTT 39.8 secs. He has normal platelet count with significant eosinophilia 2.2 x 10^9/L and occasional reactive lymphocytes. Reflecting this result, plan for platelet functions and von Willebrand tests were made. However, due to costs, we decided to treat the child with antihelminthic agent for possible parasitic infestation. He had 3 days course of albendazole and no further bruises appeared after 5 days of completing treatment. Discussion: The clinical presentation of APDE can mimic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in many ways yet normal platelet counts often leads to a delay in diagnosis. Reassuringly, the course of APDE is benign and no treatment is often required. Conclusion: Investigations however are costly, therefore treatment with anti-helminthic agent would be an alternative option in providing assurance to family and medical practitioners dealing with suspected cases.
Acute Myocarditis in a Young Infant: When to Investigate Clinical Suspicion
Authors: Anuar Muhamad Azamin , Abu Bakar Asrar , Alsagoff Sharifah Aishah , Abdul Rahman Amir Hamzah , Mohamed Mossad Abdelhak Shaban , Hasan Taufiq Hidayat
Published: January 2021

Introduction: In Malaysia, a course of vaccination DTaP/IPV/Hib was introduced in 2008, replacing the 2006 DwPT-HBV/Hib+OPV vaccines. Severe systemic adverse reactions after diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccination are uncommon. Cardiac complications are rarely reported and is most probably implicated to the pertussis component. We describe a rare case of acute myocarditis that developed 60 hours after DTaP/IPV/Hib vaccination. Case report: A 2-month old infant presented to emergency department after her first diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccination due to severe respiratory distress and cyanosis. She had her BCG and two Hepatitis B vaccinations previously with no major side effects. Parents reported that she was feverish for 48 hours post vaccination with no other associated symptoms. Prior to presentation, she went floppy and was immediately brought to hospital. On arrival, she was tachypnoeic and cyanotic with hypoperfusion and hypotensive. She was also noted to have hepatomegaly. She was grunting and her level of consciousness deteriorated. She was immediately intubated and her first blood gas showed profound metabolic acidosis with pH 6.6, base excess -24mmol/L, lactate 14mmol/L and bicarbonate 4mmol/L. She required fluid boluses and inotrope infusion was commenced. She received antibiotics and sodium bicarbonate to correct her acidosis. Her echocardiography showed global hypokinesia, CK 3018 and positive Troponin. She was treated with immunoglobulin for myocarditis and on high frequency oscillation for 4 days before being extubated on day 11 of admission. All her viral serology and cultures came back negative. Discussion: Cardiac complications after diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis and other vaccinations are exceptionally uncommon. This patient developed sudden onset cardiogenic deterioration after an expected fever-like illness post vaccination. Given her viral screening and cultures were negative, this make acute myocarditis post vaccination a remote possibility. We concur that evaluation of cardiac state should be considered in recently vaccinated infants who manifest with cyanosis, hypoperfusion and drowsiness.
Upper Tract Transitional Carcinoma: An Array of Imaging Conundrum
Authors: Haroon Raihanah , Che Mohamed Siti Kamariah , Ahmad Affandi Khairunisa
Published: January 2021

Case report: We report a 38-year-old gentleman who presented with painless haematuria for 6-months duration. Contrast-enhanced CT renal revealed a large, calcified intrapelvic mass with calyceal extension confined within the right kidney with moderate pelvicalyceal dilatation but no evidence of synchronous lesion elsewhere. Histopathological analysis showed high grade urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis with invasion of the renal parenchyma. Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) which was once thought similar to urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB), is increasingly being recognized as a different entity. However, heterogenous array of imaging manifestations of UTUC is also increasingly being encountered and pose diagnostic challenges though UTUC is not as prevalent as UCB which is easier to diagnose. Despite distinctive features against renal cell carcinoma (RCC), UTUC may mimic numerous other renal pathology especially the benign ones hence imaging plays a pivotal role to ascertain the diagnosis. This disease is usually treated with radical nephroureterectomy with superadded neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high risk cases. Less invasive endoscopic resection is also offered in certain cases but stringent surveillance of the whole urinary tract as well as post-operative follow-up are mandatory.
Periodontal Health Awareness among IIUM Medical Students
Authors: Muhammad Ali Suhaila , Khairul Anuar Nurdayana , Abu Bakar Nurul Najah , Yaacob Munirah , Husain Juzaily
Published: January 2021

Introductions: Proper knowledge of oral diseases is crucial in medical practice because periodontal disease is associated with multiple systemic conditions. A large number of systemic diseases and drugs have oral manifestations as well as adverse reactions. The aim of this study is to assess periodontal awareness, knowledge and attitude among medical students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM).  Materials and method: This cross-sectional study utilized questionnaires which were distributed to fourth and final year medical students of IIUM Kuantan. Each participant’s consent was obtained before being recruited into the survey. Questions pertaining to oral health, periodontal disease and its relation with systemic conditions were given. Based on the answers, respondents’ awareness, knowledge and attitude were assessed.The data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: A total of 93 students completed the survey questionnaires. 3% of them have awareness that periodontal disease is related to gingiva. 10% respondents agreed that the dental plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease.80% respondents have knowledge of associations between periodontal disease and systemic conditions. 4% of them were able to identify drugs causing gingival enlargement. 97% of respondents showed positive attitude for referral to dentist in the future. Conclusions: The participants have superficial awareness and knowledge about periodontal disease and its relation to systemic conditions. However, they have positive attitude for future practice towards their patients. Hopefully, this research may provide direct suggestion to incorporate basic periodontal knowledge in their medical syllabus.
The Effect of Oral Probiotic Streptococcus Salivarius K12 on Candida Albicans Biofilm Formation
Authors: Mokhtar Munirah , Rismayuddin Alia Risma , Abdul Wahab Ridhwan , Ashraf Rostam Muhamad , Mohd Nasir Mohd Hamzah , Arzmi Mohd Hafiz
Published: January 2021

Introduction:  Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with  Candida albicans  infection being one of the aetiological factors for the disease. Meanwhile,  Streptococcus salivarius  K12 is an oral probiotic that is beneficial to the oral cavity. The objective of the present study is to determine the effect of  S. salivarius  K12 on  C. albicans  biofilm-forming ability with the hypothesis that  S. salivarius  K12 inhibits biofilm formation of  C. albicans  Materials and method: To assess the effect of  S. salivarius  K12 on  C. albicans  biofilm formation,  S. salivarius  K12, lab strain  C. albicans  MYA-4901 and clinical isolates from oral cancer, ALC2 and ALC3 were grown in both nutrient broth (NB) and RPMI. In a mono-species biofilm, 105 of  C. albicans  cells and 106 of  S. salivarius  K12 cells were grown separately in a 96-well plate. In contrast, both microorganisms were combined for polymicrobial biofilms with similar cell numbers as in mono-species. The biofilms were incubated for 72 hours at 37°C and the media were replenished every 24 hours. Finally, the crystal violet assay was conducted, and the optical density was measured at OD620nm.  Results: Polymicrobial biofilms of  C. albicans  (MYA-4901 and ALC3) with  S. salivarius K12 when grown in NB, exhibited a decrease by 64.5 ± 25.8% and 83.7 ± 5.4%, respectively when compared to the expected biofilms which were predominated by yeast form.  Furthermore, polymicrobial biofilms of  C. albicans  (ALC2 and ALC3) with  S. salivarius  K12 showed a decrease by 62.5 ± 25.6% and 55.9 ± 17.1 %, respectively when compared to the expected biofilms when grown in RPMI that were predominated by hyphal form.  Conclusion:  S. salivarius  K12 inhibited polymicrobial biofilms formation of  C. albicans  yeast and hyphal forms, thus supported the hypothesis that  S. salivarius  K12 inhibits biofilm formation of  C. albicans.
Metachronous Osteosarcoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Yi Kow Ren , Liang Goh Kian
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Osteosarcoma is a common primary sarcoma of the bone, constituting approximately 0.07% of all neoplasms. Rarely, some patients with osteosarcoma have multiple skeletal sites involvement, either synchronous or metachronous. Metachronous osteosarcoma is a rare form of osteosarcoma in which osteosarcomatous lesions occur distant from the primary osteosarcoma site more than 6 months after the initial treatment without pulmonary manifestation. Case Report: We present a case of metachronous osteosarcoma in a 16-year-old female who was initially treated for non-metastatic osteosarcoma of the left distal femur with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, wide excision, endoprosthesis and followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Serial follow-up did not show evidence of distant metastasis. Nevertheless, she presented 3 years later with a progressively enlarging left proximal forearm mass and re-staging revealed an osteosarcoma of the same histological type. She underwent combination of chemo- and radio- therapy but subsequently succumbed to the disease due to lung metastasis. Conclusion: With the advent of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, the 5-year survival rate of nonmetastatic osteosarcoma ranges around 60-70%. Albeit it is rare, a metachronous osteosarcoma can present difficult challenges to the treating physician.
The Effect of Tualang Honey in Chronic Exposure of High Cholesterol Diet in Animal Model
Authors: Abdul Rahim Roslina , Muhammad Siti Aesah @ Naznin , Abdul Ghani Azril Shahreez , Abdullah Nor Zamzila , A. Talib Norlelawati , Harun Norra
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Hyperlipidaemia accompanies chronic renal disease either as a consequence of the renal dysfunction or as part of generalized metabolic derangements. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of tualang honey (TH) on the kidneys of animal model with chronic exposure to high cholesterol diet.  Materials and method:  Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, the high cholesterol diet (12% CD (n= 16) and standard diet (SD) (n=4) and were fed for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the rats in the 12% CD group were subsequently divided into four groups. The first group was continued with only 12% CD while the other 3 groups in addition to the 12% CD, they were given TH treatment at different concentrations (1.2, 2.4 and 3.0 g/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Biochemical analysis of lipid profile and renal function were performed at the end of the experiment. The animals were sacrificed and the kidneys were harvested for histological examination.  Results:  In the 12 weeks HCD group, the serum cholesterol, LDL-c and creatinine levels were significantly higher) compared to that of the SD group. All groups with the tualang honey treatment had significant reduction in the LDL-c, triglyceride and creatinine levels. Histological examination of the kidney tissues of the HCD and HCD+TH groups at 16 weeks revealed segmental mesangial proliferation of some glomeruli with focal mesangial matrix expansion. No areas of periglomerular and peritubular fibrosis were observed.  Conclusion:  Tualang honey supplementation of animal model with chronic exposure to high cholesterol diet improved the renal function hence suggesting the its renoprotective effect. However, there were no changes seen in the histology of the kidneys . Additionally, tualang honey showed improvement in the LDL-c and triglyceride levels indicating its lipid lowering activities.
Nazwy własne w Kuchennych rewolucjach Magdy Gessler: funkcjonowanie, motywacje, pragmatyka nazewnicza
Authors: Siwiec Adam
Published: January 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu są nazwy własne restauracji i innych obiektów gastronomicznych,stanowiące w przekonaniu autora ważny element tekstu medialnego, mający wpływ naodbiór tego tekstu. Są to w pierwszej kolejności nazwy, które tworzą zastany w programiekrajobraz językowy, mające wpływ na sposób przedstawiania rzeczywistości w słowachi elementy narracji uruchamiające dramaturgię widowiska. Są one często zastępowanenowymi nazwami, wymyślanymi przez Magdę Gessler, dzięki którym restauracje niejakorozpoczynają nowe życie w branży gastronomicznej. Właśnie te nazwy są bardziejszczegółowo rozpatrywane w artykule w aspekcie semantyczno-motywacyjnymi w funkcjonalno-pragmatycznym ukierunkowaniu (cel promocyjno-reklamowy) jako jedenz elementów przeprowadzanych „rewolucji” i zarazem składnik przepisu na sukces w biznesie.Materiał nazewniczy pokazuje, że jest tu wiele możliwości na poziomie formalnegoukształtowania i wykorzystania motywów treściowych. Działania nazwotwórcze prowadzonew programie ujawniają najczęściej stosowany i mający oparcie w konwencji klucz motywacyjny,związany z konceptem obiektu gastronomicznego (z ofertą usługową, produktami).Zgodnie z dominującym kulturowo i społecznie sposobem widzenia takiego obiektu zdecydowanąwiększość nominacji przeprowadzonych w Kuchennych rewolucjach stanowią nazwy„do zjedzenia”, zorientowane na to, co można znaleźć w restauracyjnym menu.