bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulating Autonomous Weapon Systems: Challenges and Future Prospects
Authors: Samad Abdul Samad
Published: December 2024

The introduction of Autonomous Weapon Systems (AWS) has been described as a third revolution in warfare following the development of gunpowder and nuclear weapons. Technological advancements in Artificial Intelligence, Facial Recognition  Technology, Drones and Big Data have spurred the development of AWS that can operate without meaningful human control. Given the legal, operational and ethical challenges posed by AWS, many states have called for an international treaty to regulate and prohibit these systems. This research paper seeks to understand the ongoing debate at multilateral forums on how to regulate and limit the use of these weapon systems, specifically in the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) and the Group of Governmental Experts (GGE). At the global level, there is an extensive debate on how to define concepts such as meaningful human control and autonomy in the context of governing and regulating an autonomous weapon system. The paper examines these definitional issues and locates how global powers have positioned themselves within the existing debate. The CCW has made limited progress towards agreeing on legally binding regulations and there continues to be a lack of consensus among the State Parties on the way forward. Given the current deadlock, the paper also makes recommendations on how future progress on regulating AWS can be made in the relevant forums.
Optimal Local Government Size for Maximizing Regional Economic Growth: A Case Study of Regencies and Cities in Indonesia
Authors: Pradana Hasta Dwi
Published: December 2024

This study examines the relationship between local government size and regional economic growth in Indonesia's regencies and cities during 2011–2022. Using panel data regression models, including Fixed Effects Model (FEM), we find that an optimal government size of approximately 73.56% of GRDP maximizes economic growth. Results indicate diminishing returns beyond this threshold, while investment emerges as a critical growth driver. Data sourced from official government statistics ensure robust analysis. Findings emphasize the need for policies optimizing government expenditure and enhancing investment to foster sustainable development. Future research could explore institutional and human capital dynamics.
Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Terhadap Pemberian ASI
Authors: Monica Lisa , Agrina Agrina , Misrawati Misrawati
Published: December 2024

Pada ibu postpartum melalui beberapa tahap, mulai dari taking in, yaitu ibu khawatir akan tubuhnya, sehingga ibu belum biasa merawat bayinya, pada tahap inilah terjadi kecemasan pada ibu, kemudian tahap taking hold dimana ibu tidak mampu bertanggung jawab untuk merawat anaknya, dan tahap terakhir  adalah letting go dimana ibu sudah mengambil alih tanggung jawab untuk merawat bayinya dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecemasan ibu postpartum terhadap pemberian Air Susu Ibu. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain desain deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden pada penelitian ini diperoleh menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. besar sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 85 responden. Hasil Penelitian tentang hubungan kecemasan ibu postpartum dengan pemberian ASI, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar (58,5%) berada pada kategori usia normal (20-35 tahun), beragama islam (59,3%) sebagian ibu memiliki bayi berusia bayi 15-19 minggu (21,2%), ibu primipara (43,2%), jenis persalinan normal (52,5%), mayoritas pendidikan ibu yaitu SMA (44,1%), pekerjaan ibu bekerja terbanyak sebagai IRT (56,8%), jenis persalinan terakhir mayoritas adalah normal (66,1%). Mayoritas Tingkat kecemasan yang dialami ibu postpartum berada pada tingkat sedang sebanyak 56 orang (47,5%), dan sebanyak 32 ibu (27,1%) memilih untuk memberikan ASI kepada bayinya. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dapat disimpulkan bahwa hubungan kecemasan ibu postpartum dengan pemberian ASI ASI di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki (p value= 0,018). Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan kecemasan ibu dengan pemberian ASI di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki.
Ética em Inteligência Artificial: Desenvolvimento de um Instrumento Paradidático
Authors: Barone Dante Augusto Couto , Malossi Rodrigo Mor , Ferrugem Anderson Priebe , Silveira Daniel Leal Racheli , França Akira Borba Colen , Stivelman Tatiane Sequerra
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta um instrumento paradidático destinado a estudantes de tecnologia, visando promover o debate sobre questões éticas em Inteligência Artificial (IA). O instrumento combina questões tipo Likert e dissertativas, abordando três dimensões críticas: privacidade, trabalho e consequências sociais da IA. Um estudo de caso inicial com 70 estudantes revela preocupações significativas sobre privacidade de dados, impactos no trabalho e consequências sociais, enquanto reconhece potenciais benefícios da IA. O trabalho conclui destacando a importância de discussões éticas interdisciplinares nos cursos de Computação.
Aplicação Ética da Inteligência Artificial na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Nascimento Dimas Cassimiro , Pereira Luis Filipe Alves , Silva Daliton da
Published: December 2024

A inteligência artificial (IA) se tornou um facilitador essencial para melhorar o suporte à decisão e os sistemas de gestão na área da saúde, particularmente na otimização de processos relacionados à Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), onde desafios como previsão de demanda, dimensionamento da força de trabalho e localização das unidades de saúde são cruciais. No entanto, a aplicação da IA apresenta desafios éticos significativos, incluindo a necessidade de considerar aspectos demográficos, étnicos e epidemiológicos no desenvolvimento do algoritmo. Este artigo oferece soluções metodológicas que integram princípios éticos ao design de IA, bem como identifica desafios abertos e sugere futuras direções de pesquisa.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Hypnotherapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Chronic Pain Indices and Cognitive-Emotional Regulation in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Pourkaveh Atefeh , Pirani Zabih , Pourasghar Mehdi , Sadeghi Anahita , Poustchi Hosein
Published: December 2024

Background: There is evidence that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be a chronic and prevalent condition that is more common in individuals with psychological disorders than in the general population. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of hypnotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in mitigating chronic pain and cognitive-emotional regulation in patients with IBS. Methods: In this three-arm randomized clinical trial, participants who were adults with refractory IBS were screened. Co-primary outcomes were chronic pain indices and cognitive emotion regulation at a six-month follow-up. The statistical population of this study was all patients with IBS referred to Masoud Clinic and Shariati Hospital from May 2019 to February 2021 in Tehran, Iran. Twenty-four patients were calculated for each group, and 72 were for two experimental and one control group using convenience sampling. Seventy-two patients with IBS were accessible to us after the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were selected and randomly assigned to either interventions or the control group (n = 24). The demographic checklist, Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPGQ), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) were used in three periods. Results: Data were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. Preliminary findings showed that the effectiveness of both treatments on chronic pain indices and cognitive emotion regulation in the post-test stage was significant (P < 0.05). Secondary results showed that treatment efficacy remained stable until the follow-up stage. Conclusions: This study revealed hypnotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy could effectively treat patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Patients with IBS could benefit from psychological intervention based on these findings.
Factors Associated with the Length of First Time Hospitalization in a Referral Psychiatric Hospital in North of Iran
Authors: IJPBS Editor-in-Chief , Hossein Nattaj Abolfazl , Sheikholeslami Ameneh , Faghani Zahra , Zarghami M , Yazdani Charati Jamshid , Vahedi Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Background: Length of hospitalization is an important indicator for optimal management and to reduce and save the costs. Objective: Considering the limited hospital capacity as a referral center for psychiatric patients, the high prevalence of the disease, and the high expense of the treatment, this study aimed to identify the factors associated with psychiatric patients’ length of hospitalization. Methods: The data were obtained from the records of all patients hospitalized for the first time since the April 2007 to the March 2012. The data collection tool was a checklist comprising of demographic variables, variables related to the socioeconomic status, psychiatric disorders, and the related variables such as length of hospitalization and a previous history. Results: In the present study, 2397 (72.8% males and 27.2% females) medical documentations were investigated. Median length of stay was 25 days. Using the Cox model, the variables including age, educational level, material status, employment, the insurance status, the history of hospitalization at psychiatric center, type of treatment and disorder, duration of disorder, the referral source , and hospitalization during religious months (Ramadan and Muharram) and agricultural seasons had a significant relationship with the length of hospitalization (P value < 0.05). Conclusions: The patients with anxiety disorders and substance dependence and also patients with the comorbid anxiety disorders and substance dependence had a higher hospitalization length than patients with psychotic disorders. Substance dependence and variables such as insurance status had a significant relationship with the length of hospitalization. In patients with the comorbid substance dependence and anxiety disorders, women had a longer length of hospitalization.
Predictors of Transition in Smoking Stages in Iranian Adolescents: A Probabilistic Discrete Event System Model
Authors: Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Mahmoodi Mahmood , Pouyan Ali Akbar , Holakouie Naeini Kourosh , Khosravi Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the most important public health problems. Objectives: This study determined the personal and environmental predictors of transition across smoking stages using cross sectional data. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 4 853 students (14 to 19 years) completed a self-administered multiple-choice anonymous questionnaire. We used a probabilistic discrete event system (PDES) for estimating the transitional probabilities in smoking stages in terms of sex, peer and family smoking, attitude towards smoking, general risk taking behavior, and the socio-economic status. Results: The results showed factors such as being a boy (OR = 8.9 (7.9 - 10.0)), having a positive attitude towards smoking (OR = 8.2 (6.5 - 10.5)), and having a smoker friend (OR = 5.2 (3.6 - 7.6)) were highly associated with the initiation of smoking. In contrast, having a smoker friend is the most important factor that prevents one from quitting smoking (OR = 0.08 (0.07 - 0.09)). Also, this factor is important in the adolescents’ relapse from being an ex-smoker to a current smoker. Conclusions: Prevention efforts will need to be mentioned for reducing the smoking initiation risk factors and the quitting of smoking. The programs aimed at smoking prevention and intervention should focus on the protective factors to reduce the probability of smoking initiation and relapsing.
Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Job Motivation Among Faculty Staff in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Authors: Darabinia Morteza , ranjbar mansoor , Heidari Gorji Ali Morad
Published: December 2024

Background: Based on some suggestions, emotional intelligence can affect job motivation and job performance. Objectives: The current study aims at examining the relationship between emotional intelligence and job motivation among faculty staff of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2015. Methods: The present descriptive correlational study was conducted on 120 faculty staff of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences using stratified random sampling method. The data collection tools included the job motivation levels questionnaire and the standard emotional intelligence questionnaire. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) overall score of job motivation was 173.76 ± 25.62 (confidence interval (CI) 95%: 172.03 - 175.1) and that of emotional intelligence was 116.52 ± 7.91 (CI 95%: 115.6 - 117.69). The results of the present study suggested that the overall score of emotional intelligence was significantly correlated with that of job motivation as well as with all the variables examined in the job motivation levels questionnaire (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, emotional intelligence can increase job motivation level. Therefore, improving emotional intelligence skills, contributes to job motivation levels, professional and functional progresses, and ultimate productivity and profits. Hence, universities and organizations should try to identify the factors that reduce job motivation among faculty staff and establish methods to change the situation.
Women-Only Therapeutic Community Program and Treatment Needs in Iran
Authors: Massah Omid , Aryanfard Sepideh , Noori Roya , Moazen Babak , Farhoudian Ali , Daneshmand Reza
Published: December 2024

Background: Therapeutic community program (TCP) is a developed drug treatment modality in Iran (i.e. the most populated Persian Gulf country). In recent years, TCP has been developed for women in Iran. However, there are few studies of women on TCP and their treatment needs. Objectives: The current study is the first research that aimed to explore the treatment needs of drug-dependent women on TCP in Tehran and Karaj cities in Iran. Methods: A qualitative study was designed and conducted in 2011. The study sites included Chitgar, Shahriyar and Hesarak centers in Tehran city, Iran and Shahr-e-Ghods center in Karaj city. Qualitative methodology was selected as the main method of conducting the study. Overall, 20 women were individually interviewed and nine key experts were interviewed in three focus group discussions. Atlas-ti software was used for qualitative data analysis. Results: The median age of the women was 32 years. The median year of education was nine years. The study findings indicated that continued professional staff training, considering treatment needs of special female groups, extended treatment duration with special services and family support and education were the most frequently reported treatment needs of women. Conclusions: The therapeutic community program for women needs especial attention to the treatment needs of this group of illicit drug users. The reported treatment needs should be considered in designing and implementing effective women-only TCP in Iran.
Анализ соревновательных поединков боксеров с учетом различных стилей ведения боя
Authors: Ерёмин И.Г.
Published: December 2024

в статье представлены данные анализа соревновательных поединков боксеров с учетом различных стилей ведения боя. В ходе исследования выявлены преобладающие технико-тактические действия боксеров в зависимости от стиля ведения боя. Нами было установлено, что у боксеров приверженцев атакующего и комбинированного стиля имеются сравнительно равные показатели применения технико-тактического арсенала ударных действий в атаке. Следует подчеркнуть, что боксеры представители комбинированного стиля имеют более равномерное соотношение наносимых ударных действий, таких, как прямой, боковой и удар снизу. Необходимо отметить, что атакующие боксеры ведут бой в основном на ближней и средней дистанции, с поддержанием высокого темпа на протяжении всего поединка. Особенностью характеризующие боксеров контратакующего стиля в соревновательном поединке является частота применения одиночных ударов, что говорит о низкой плотности применения серийных ударов, которые более результативны и приносят больший эффект, чем одиночные. Сравнительный анализ соревновательных поединков боксеров различного стиля, показал, что для повышения эффективности и результативности оценки технико-тактических приемов необходимо использовать свой арсенал атакующих и защитных действий, характерные для ведения боя с учетом их свойств личности и индивидуальных особенностей. Даны рекомендации боксерам посредством использования технико-тактического арсенала в зависимости от их стиля ведения боя.

the article presents the data of the analysis of competitive boxing matches taking into account various fighting styles. The study revealed the prevailing technical and tactical actions of boxers depending on the fighting style. We found that boxers of the at- tacking and combined styles have relatively equal indicators of the use of the technical and tactical arsenal of striking actions in the attack. It should be emphasized that boxers of the combined style have a more uniform ratio of striking actions, such as straight, side and bottom blows. It should be noted that attacking boxers fight mainly at close and medium range, maintaining a high tempo throughout the fight. A characteristic feature of counterattacking boxers in a competitive fight is the frequency of using single punches, which indicates a low density of using serial punches, which are more effective and bring a greater effect than single punches. A comparative analysis of competitive fights of boxers of different styles showed that in order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the assessment of technical and tac – tical techniques, it is necessary to use one's arsenal of attacking and defensive actions, characteristic of the conduct of the fight, taking into account their personal qualities and individual characteristics. Recommendations are given to boxers through the use of a tech – nical and tactical arsenal depending on their style of conduct of the fight.
Свадебная обрядность и фольклор оренбургских казаков Южного Урала в публикациях и исследованиях
Authors: Илларионова Т.В. , Роговская А.В.
Published: December 2024

данная работа посвящена изучению свадебной обрядности и фольклора оренбургских казаков Южного Урала с акцентом на их отражение в научных публикациях и исследовательских трудах. Свадебный обряд, как важный аспект традиционной культуры казаков, представляет собой уникальный синтез многообразных социальных факторов. Материалы, посвященные изучению свадебной обрядности начинают формироваться с середины XIX века, и по сей день находят воплощение в публикациях и различных сборниках. В рамках данного исследования ставится задача проанализировать существующие публикации и исследовательские работы, посвященные фольклору оренбургских казаков с выявлением особенностей, трансформаций и местного контекста.

this work is devoted to the study of wedding rituals and folklore of the Orenburg Cossacks of the Southern Urals with an emphasis on their reflection in scientific publications and research works. The wedding ceremony, as an important aspect of the traditional culture of the Cossacks, is a unique synthesis of diverse social factors. Materials devoted to the study of wedding rituals began to form in the middle of the 19th century, and to this day are embodied in publications and various collections. Within the framework of this study, the task is to analyze existing publications and research works devoted to the folklore of the Orenburg Cossacks with the identification of features, transformations and local context.
Формирование семейной преемственности как способ воспитания патриотизма
Authors: Аквазба Е.О. , Стебунова Е.И.
Published: December 2024

статья посвящена проблеме, приобретающей особую актуальность в ситуации необходимости обеспечивать вызовы современности, поскольку формирование патриотизма у подрастающего поколения становится одной из приоритетных задач системы воспитания последние годы. Дидактический потенциал семейного воспитания признается одним из самых перспективных с точки зрения возможности обеспечения формирования, принятия, поддержания и развития системы ценностей личности. Семейные традиции и их преемственность считаются мощными инструментами реализации педагогического потенциала семейного воспитания. Биографический метод изучения семейных традиций, межпоколенческого взаимодействия, семейных историй в сопоставительной ретроспективе; анализ последствий личного выбора и перспектив развития семьи; стремление к формированию установки на главенство нематериальных ориентиров, морально-нравственных векторов развития личности, поиски возможных вариантов развития и воздействия их на жизнь современной семьи могут выступить в качестве факторов, оказывающих существенное влияние на объединение воспитывающих воздействий со стороны семьи как актора процесса направленной социализации, так и такого социального института как образование. И все это может осуществляться на в рамках совместных усилий семьи и школы, в стенах образовательной организации, и активно использоваться в рамках формирования патриотизма педагогами-практиками.

the article is devoted to the problem that is becoming especially relevant in the situation of the need to meet the challenges of modern times, since the formation of patriotism in the younger generation has become one of the priority tasks of the educational system in recent years. The didactic potential of family education is recognized as one of the most promising in terms of the possibility of ensuring the formation, adoption, maintenance and development of a personal value system. Family traditions and their continuity are considered powerful tools for realizing the pedagogical potential of family education. The biographical method of studying family traditions, intergenerational interaction, family histories in comparative retrospect; analysis of the consequences of personal choice and prospects for family development; the desire to form an attitude towards the primacy of non-material guidelines, moral and ethical vectors of personality development, the search for possible options for development and their impact on the life of a modern family can act as factors that have a significant impact on the unification of educational influences on the part of the family as an actor in the process of targeted socialization, and such a social institution as education. And all this can be carried out within the framework of joint efforts of the family and school, within the walls of an educational organization, and actively used in the framework of the formation of patriotism by practicing teachers.
Лексическое поле обрядового голошения
Authors: Пильникова А.Ю.
Published: December 2024

в статье рассматривается лексическое поле обрядового голошения в славянских языках, анализируются слова и выражения, связанные с традиционными практиками оплакивания, как важного элемента фольклора и ритуальной культуры. Особое внимание уделено выделению и классификации терминов, отражающих три основные семантические группы: «кричать», «плакать» и «петь». Рассматриваются вариации глаголов, характеризующих различные способы и виды оплакивания, включая наименование самого действия (вопить, плакать, напевать и др.) и его аспектов (темп, интонация, эмоции). Автор анализирует связь между лексическими единицами и их функциональным назначением в контексте обряда, подчеркивая, как язык помогает передать эмоциональную и магическую значимость голошений. Также рассмотрены специальные термины, которые объединяют действия «крика», «плача» и «пения», и их использование в различных славянских традициях. В статье подчеркивается, что лексическое поле обрядового голошения тесно связано с верой в магическую силу слова и важностью точного соблюдения ритуала для обеспечения его эффективности. Лексика голошений имеет также культурно-социальную значимость, выражая отношение общества к смерти, горю и памяти о предках. В заключение отмечается, что лексическое поле обрядового голошения является важным инструментом для понимания не только фольклорных, но и магических и ритуальных практик в культуре.

the article examines the lexical field of ritual lamentation in Slavic languages, analyzing words and expressions associated with traditional mourning practices as an important element of folklore and ritual culture. Special attention is given to the identification and classification of terms that reflect three main semantic groups: "to cry out," "to weep," and "to sing". Variations of verbs characterizing different ways and types of mourning are explored, including terms for the actions themselves (to wail, to cry, to chant, etc.) and their aspects (tempo, intonation, emotions). The author analyzes the relationship between lexical units and their functional roles in the context of rituals, emphasizing how language conveys the emotional and magical significance of lamentations. Special terms that combine the actions of "crying," "weeping," and "singing" are also discussed, as well as their use in various Slavic traditions. The article highlights that the lexical field of ritual lamentation is closely tied to the belief in the magical power of words and the importance of precise ritual adherence for its effectiveness. The vocabulary of lamentation also holds cultural and social significance, reflecting society's attitude towards death, grief, and ancestral memory. In conclusion, it is noted that the lexical field of ritual lamentation is an essential tool for understanding not only folklore but also magical and ritual practices within culture.
Жанр частушки через призму этномузыковедения и филологии
Authors: Пильникова А.Ю. , Осипова Е.Е.
Published: December 2024

в статье рассматривается уникальный жанр позднетрадиционного русского фольклора — частушка. Она является многогранным явлением и имеет ряд характерные этномузыкальных и поэтических особенностей. Именно поэтому, частушка, в данном исследовании рассматривается через призму двух подходов – этномузыкального и филологического. Первый подход рассматривает этнический и музыкальный аспекты частушки. Второй же подход акцентирует внимание на языковых и поэтических особенностях жанра. Статья изучает взаимодействие музыки и поэтики, которые в синтезе делают частушку синкретичным и многоуровневым феноменом, формируя целостное представление о жанре, как о важном элементе русского песенного фольклора. В данной статье производится полный анализ частушки, как позднетрадиционного жанра русского фольклора, выявляются её стилистические и жанровые особенности в контексте филологического и этномузыкального подходов. Методологической основой исследования стали способы наблюдения, описания и целостного анализа. Работа может использоваться в теоретическом изучении жанра частушки в практических занятиях народного музыкального творчества. Данное исследование даёт возможность более глубоко понять механизмы функционирования частушки в контексте позднетрадиционного фольклора, выявить её специфику как жанра, который не утратил своей значимости и в условиях современной культурной практики.

this article examines the unique genre of late-traditional Russian folklore – the chastushka. It is a multifaceted phenomenon that possesses a number of distinctive ethnomusical and poetic features. For this reason, in this study, the chastushka is explored through the lens of two approaches – ethnomusical and philological. The first approach focuses on the ethnic and musical aspects of the chastushka, while the second emphasizes the linguistic and poetic features of the genre. The article investigates the interaction between music and poetry, which, in synthesis, makes the chastushka a syncretic and multi-layered phenomenon, forming a holistic understanding of the genre as an important element of Russian song folklore. The article provides a thorough analysis of the chastushka as a late-traditional genre of Russian folklore, identifying its stylistic and genre-specific characteristics within the context of both philological and ethnomusical approaches. The methodological foundation of the research is based on observation, description, and comprehensive analysis. This work may be used in the theoretical study of the chastushka genre in practical folk music education. This research offers a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind the functioning of the chastushka within the context of late-traditional folklore and highlights its specificity as a genre that has maintained its relevance even within contemporary cultural practice.
Поверья, приметы и запреты башкир, связанные со строительством нового дома и переездом
Authors: Гайсина Ф.Ф.
Published: December 2024

статья написана на основе полевых работ, собранных автором во время фольклорных экспедиций (1998-2018 гг.) на территории Республики Башкортостан и за ее пределами, где компактно проживают башкиры. В статье описываются поверья, приметы и запреты, связанные с выбором дерева, места под строительство дома и переездом. Цель работы: ознакомить с малоизученными строительными традициями, верованиями, ритуалами башкирского народа, в которых выделяются языческие и исламские элементы, отражаются категории места, времени и пространства, а также прослеживаются символы смерти, одиночества, парности и пустоты.

the article is written on the basis of field work collected by the author during folklore expeditions (1998-2018) on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan and beyond where Bashkirs live compactly. The article describes beliefs, omens and prohibitions related to the choice of wood, a place for building a house and moving. The purpose of the work is to familiarize with the little-studied building traditions, beliefs, rituals of the Bashkir people, in which pagan and Islamic elements are distinguished, the categories of place, time and space are reflected, as well as the symbols of death, loneliness, pairing and emptiness are traced.
Relationship of Motivation and Supervision with Nurse Performance in Implementing Nursing Care
Authors: Delima Mera , Dioso Regidor III , Aljaberi Musheer Abdulwahid , Anggreiniboti Tanti , Raymond Jessica , Devitra Anferi , Elghannam Tarek Ahmed
Published: December 2024

The performance of nurses in delivering optimal nursing care is critical to achieving quality healthcare outcomes. Motivation and supervision are key factors influencing their effectiveness. Understanding the interplay between these elements provides valuable insights into improving nursing care quality, fostering professional growth, and enhancing patient satisfaction within healthcare settings. This study investigates the relationship between motivation and supervision with nurse performance in implementing nursing care. The method used a descriptive correlation design with a cross-sectional approach; data were collected from 50 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The respondent was Irma A. inpatient room located at Sungai Dareh Hospital. Motivation, supervision, and nurse performance were measured using questionnaires, and data were analysed with the Spearman Rank test. The results revealed that most nurses exhibited moderate motivation levels (92%) and were under moderate supervision (100%). A significant relationship was found between motivation and nurse performance (p = 0.009, r = 0.368) and between supervision and nurse performance (p = 0.000, r = 0.499). These findings highlight the critical role of motivation and supervision in enhancing nurse performance. Adequate motivation fosters enthusiasm and productivity, while effective supervision provides essential guidance and support to achieve optimal care standards. This study underscores the need for sustainable programs to enhance motivation and supervision quality, aiming to improve nurse performance and the overall quality of nursing care in health facilities. The study’s contribution to nursing management and performance enhancement is significant, and its suggestions for improving motivation and supervision are valuable for healthcare institutions.
The Hidden Dangers: How Synthetic Organic Compounds Impact Health and the Environment
Authors: Jha Ashima , Jha Meena
Published: December 2024

Human health care and environmental preservation are two interconnected aspects of modern life. Synthetic organic compounds have significantly contributed to various industries, including agriculture and cosmetics, offering notable benefits. However, these compounds also pose risks to human health and environmental sustainability. This study aims to review synthetic organic compounds from multiple perspectives, comprehensively understanding their toxicological impacts and focusing on their potential risks to human health and the environment while exploring safer alternatives and mitigation strategies. A literature review approach was employed by sourcing primary articles using keywords related to synthetic organic compounds and their impacts. Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Elsevier were utilized, alongside more than 50 secondary sources, for in-depth analysis. The findings highlight the potential adverse effects of exposure to these compounds and evaluate existing regulatory measures, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced strategies to mitigate associated risks. By emphasizing the principles of green chemistry, this review advocates for sustainable practices to reduce long-term contamination, thus protecting human health and the environment. This study contributes to nursing and health science by raising awareness about toxic exposures to synthetic compounds daily and offers valuable insights to inform policy frameworks and practical interventions. These insights aim to minimize health risks while supporting nurses’ roles in health promotion and disease prevention, enhancing their capacity to effectively address environmental and chemical health concerns.
Trauma Healing Therapy for Post-Earthquake Children Using Traditional Randai Approach
Authors: Jumilia Jumilia , Kanathasan Jayasree S.
Published: December 2024

Earthquake disasters can significantly impact the psychological well-being of victims across all age groups, particularly children. As a vulnerable group, children face unique challenges in coping with disaster situations due to their limited abilities, resources, and immature psychological adaptations. Various interventions have been explored to address disaster-related trauma in children. In Indonesia, Randai, a traditional cultural performance, is believed to help reduce psychological trauma in children. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Randai therapy in alleviating psychological trauma among children affected by earthquakes. A quantitative approach was employed using a pre-experimental study design with pretest-posttest assessments. The sample size is 202 respondents, consisting of 101 for the Randai intervention group and 101 for the control group. The results of this study showed a pretest score for trauma level of 25.61 before Randai therapy and a posttest score of 20.96 after Randai therapy. There is a significant difference between the psychological trauma of respondents before and after being given Randai therapy, with an average value of 25.61 with a standard deviation of 7.800 and an average value of 20.96 with a standard deviation of 7.511 respectively. It was found that Randai therapy had positively reduced psychological trauma among children after the earthquake (p-value < 0.05). Randai therapy is significant in reducing psychological trauma in children after the earthquake in Kajai West Pasaman, West Sumatra. This study contributes by revealing the effectiveness of traditional Randai therapy as a non-pharmacological therapy to reduce post-disaster children's psychological trauma. In addition, it enriches the culture-based approach to safe, affordable, and sustainable psychological recovery.
Assessment in Digital Pedagogical Communication Amid the Release of ChatGPT
Authors: Felahi Yousra , Nadia Saqri
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the integration of digital assessment tools in Moroccan education and explore educators’ perspectives on ChatGPT’s impact on pedagogical practices.
Methods: The study adopted a survey structure, targeting a total of 100 educators. A SWOT analysis for a broad view of the study was conducted.
Results: The AI tool provides quick, well-formulated answers to a variety of questions, and this has encouraged students to take advantage of the situation. Educators, for their part, are required to significantly enhance their efforts in assessment in light of the use of ChatGPT among students.The survey revealed that 78% of respondents prefer paper-based evaluation over digital tools. Additionally, 65% highlighted the need for ethical guidelines to govern the use of ChatGPT in education, while the majority of our target believe that this AI-based tool is a threat to the educational system (60%), 34% think that it depends on how this tool is used, and 6% consider it as an aid.
Conclusion: Researchers and decision makers are still analyzing and looking up ways to make its use appropriate and ethical for both educators and learners.
Efektifitas Pengembangan Collaborative Learning Management System (CLMS) Untuk Meningkatkan Keterlibatan Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Ns., M.Med.Ed. Suryani , Sulistyaningsih  , Sadr Lutfi Mufreni  , Farida Noor Rohmah
Published: December 2024

Student involvement in the learning process is crucial as it affects their learning success. The implementation of online learning at UNISA Yogyakarta faced obstacles due to low student participation. Student interest in accessing the LMS is influenced by the quality of the LMS. The results of LMS monitoring and evaluation over the past year showed an average score of 2.28 (categorized as sufficient). Courses with good LMS evaluation scores accounted for 23.6%. The development of the LMS is an effort to increase student involvement in cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and performance aspects. This research is a collaborative study on LMS development in partnership with Universiti Malaysia Pahang. The development method uses the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The measurement of learning engagement, as the impact of CLMS development, was conducted using the Online Student Engagement Scale (OSE) adapted from Dixson (2015). Data analysis employed qualitative analysis and statistical frequency distribution for each engagement component. The results showed that the average engagement of respondents at UNISA Yogyakarta before CLMS development was 74.7, and the post-test average was 78.8, indicating a score increase of 5% (4.1). Meanwhile, the average engagement score of respondents at UMP was 73.4. The effectiveness test resulted in a p-value of 0.002 (p<0.05), indicating that CLMS development is effective in improving student learning engagement. Each course is expected to develop innovative teaching media within the LMS to enhance the student learning process.
Efektifitas Pemberian Terapi Akupresur Terhadap Peningkatan Produksi ASI pada Ibu Postpartum Di PMB Lianaria Boru Sagala, S.Tr.Keb., SKM Kotawaringin Barat
Authors: Dwi_okta Diarini
Published: December 2024

A Getting breast milk is the right of every baby. To reduce infant mortality and mortality, Word Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommend exclusive breastfeeding for babies for 6 months and continue breastfeeding until the baby is two years old. Insufficient breast milk will have a bad impacton the baby, namely the death of the baby and result in stunting and a decrease in brain intelligence. One of the efforts that can be used to increase breast milk production is to use acupressure techniques.Acupressure therapy in an effort to increase the amount of breast milkis carried out by applying gentle pressure to the point at the corner ofthe outer little finger nail (SI 1), just below the fifth rib just below the nipple (ST 18), the middle part of the body between the two breasts parallel to the sixth rib 3 x a day for a duration of 1-3 minutes.The research method used quantitatively with a pre-experimental design, namely one group pre-test post-test design, the number of respondents was 15 postpartum mothers. The sampling technique in this study uses total sampling, namely all populations. The data collection tool used is an observation sheet on breast milk production. The results of the study also showed that most of the postpartum mothers who did not have enough breast milk production before being given acupressure therapy were 13 respondents (86.7%), but after being given acupressure therapy at the meridian point (SI 1) and (ST 18) 3 times a day with a duration of 1-3 minutes, breast milk production in postpartum mothers increased to 15 respondents (100%).Conclusion: Acupressure therapy is effective in increasing breast milk production of postpartum mothers.
Buerger Allen Exercise and Foot Massage Combination in Improving Foot Circulation in Diabetic Mellitus Patients
Authors: Sugiyarto
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the 10 leading causes of death in adults. This disease is characterized by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia in the long term can damage tissues, organs, the nervous system, and blood vessels. Some complications that arise due to DM include peripheral vascular disease and neuropathy. These complications disrupt lower extremity circulation, resulting in diabetic foot ulcers. If not treated properly, the degree of diabetic foot ulcers will worsen, resulting in amputations. Physical exercise, namely foot gymnastics, is important to prevent diabetic foot ulcers. The combination of Buerger Allen Exercise therapy with Foot Massage is a type of foot exercise that can be chosen to improve lower extremity circulation. Improvement of lower extremity circulation is evidenced by an improvement in the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) value in the normal range of 0.9 - 1.2.
Objective: To determine the effect of the combination of Buerger Allen Exercise therapy with Foot Massage on lower extremity circulation in DM patients.
Research Method: This study used a Quasy Experiment research design with a pre-test-post-test with a control group design. The sample was 25 DM patients who were treated at the Banyuanyar Health Center.  Patients are given combination of Buerger Allen Exercise therapy with Foot Massage. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling type.
Results: The results of the Wilcoxon statistical test were 0.001 (p-value <0.05) Improvement in ABI values ​​ intervention group by 0.11%
Conclusion: Combination of Buerger Allen Exercise Therapy with Foot Massage is effective in improving lower limb circulation.
The Relationship Between Self Confidence and Compliance Medication in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Zuliani
Published: December 2024

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Long treatment times cause sufferers to often be threatened with dropping out of treatment and feeling less productive because they suffer from pulmonary TB which will result in individuals having a low level of self-confidence within themselves. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between self-confidence and adherence to taking medication in pulmonary TB sufferers at the Mojowarno Jombang Community Health Center. The method used in this research is Observational Analytical, with a Cross-Sectional approach. Amount 27 rospondents obtain using purposive sampling. The independent variable is self-confidence and the dependent variable is compliance with taking tuberculosis medication. The instruments used in this research were the TBSES-21 (Tuberculosis Self-Efficacy Scale) questionnaire and MMAS-8 (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale) compliance with chi square test data analysis. The results of this study showed that the majority of respondents had moderate confidence and were compliant in taking tuberculosis medication. After testing the research results, there was a relationship between belief and compliance with taking tuberculosis medication. Increase knowledge and foster motivation to carry out treatment as recommended by Health officials
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Educaplay pada Materi “Tanda Seru” Kelas 2 SD Negeri Plaosan
Authors: Azizah Athifah Nur , Ayuni Meita Nur
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the improvement of student learning outcomes with the help of educaplay edugame on the material “Exclamation Mark” grade 2 SD N Plaosan. This study aims to determine the application of Educaplay digital edugame on the material “Exclamation Mark” in grade 2 SD Negeri Plaosan and to determine student learning outcomes through educaplay digital edugame on the material “Exclamation Mark” in grade 2 SD Negeri Plaosan. The method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) involving 15 grade 2 students as samples. The data instrument techniques used were observation, interview, questionnaire, and test. Data were collected using pretest and postest. The results showed that: (1) the learning process with the help of educaplay runs according to the lesson plan, (2) there is an increase in student learning outcomes through pretest and posttest, (3) student learning outcomes through educaplay increased from initially 40% of the number of students completed to 86.6% of students completed in Indonesian language subjects (4) the application of educaplay edugame is considered effective to improve the learning outcomes of grade 2 students in Indonesian language subjects.
The Effect of Smoking on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Sclerostin and TNF-Α Levels in Patient with Periodontitis
Authors: Ergin Mehmet Oğuzhan , Erciyas Kamile , Tarakçıoğlu Mehmet , Ulusal Hasan
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of cigarette smoking on sclerostin and TNF-α levels in subjects exhibiting periodontally healthy conditions and those afflicted with periodontitis. The hypothesis tested was that sclerostin levels in smokers could serve as a diagnostic marker and a tool to assess the progression of the disease.
Methods: In the present study, gingival crevicular fluid samples were obtained from a total of 72 patients, who were divided into four distinct groups: a control group of 18 non-smoking individuals without periodontitis, a group of 18 non-smoking individuals with periodontitis, a group of 18 healthy individuals who smoked, and a group of 18 smokers with periodontitis. The levels of sclerostin and TNF-α were then evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
Results: The findings indicated a positive correlation between sclerostin and TNF-α levels in the gingival fluid of individuals diagnosed with periodontal disease.Subsequent evaluations of the relationship between smoking and these biomarkers revealed a statistically significant increase in TNF-α levels, while the increase in sclerostin levels did not attain statistical significance. However, when the analyses were performed without taking into account age-related effects within groups (adjusted for age), a statistically significant increase in sclerostin levels due to smoking was observed.
Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be posited that the measurement of TNF-α levels in smokers may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and progression of the disease. Further studies are required to determine the role of sclerostin in this context.