bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cutting Force and Nonlinear Chatter Stability of Ball-end Milling Cutter
Authors: Zhang Ce , LI Changyou , Xu Mengtao , Yao Guo , Liu Zhendong , Dai Weibing
Published: July 2021

Ball-end milling cutters are one of the most widely used cutters in the automotive, aerospace, die and machine parts industries. In addition, milling chatter will reduce the surface quality and production efficiency, resulting in noise. It is particularly important to model the cutting force and analyze the flutter stability of ball-end milling cutters. In this paper, a simplified milling force model of ball-end milling cutter with three degrees of freedom was established based on Merchant bevel cutting theory. The model simplified the milling force coefficient. The expressions of instantaneous milling area considering the vibration displacements in X, Y and Z directions were derived. The nonlinear dynamic cutting force model of ball-end milling cutter with three degrees of freedom was established. The nonlinear chatter vibration mechanical model of ball-end milling cutter with three degrees of freedom was established by introducing the time delay term, the stability analysis is carried out by time domain simulation. The proposed models were experimentally verified.
Inside a Schwarzschild Black Hole Approach
Authors: Ramírez José Enrique Hernández
Published: July 2021

Our goal in this paper is to explain the internal properties of the black hole by considering its density as a function of the reciprocal of its radius and the temperature as a function of the reciprocal of the density. We then set the temperature to the Hawking temperature. This gives all the macroscopic quantities of the black hole, such as heat capacity, pressure, surface gravity, and equation of state. In this work, we only consider a black hole with mass M, radius r+ and vacuum. Two internal forces and the corresponding potential are obtained.
Production of bioethanol from wheat straw via optimization of co-culture conditions of Bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Jha Paras Kumar , Panwar Amit
Published: July 2021

Bioethanol production has been a challenge for the researchers to enhance the bioethanol yield. In this study, we are reporting an efficient novel method to produce bioethanol. The process comprises co-culture technique to produce bioethanol from wheat straw by co-culturing Bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation allows wheat straw hydrolysis by cellulase enzyme produced by Bacillus licheniformis and conversion of produced reducing sugar into ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pre-treatment of wheat straw and optimization of co-culturing parameters like, time, pH, substrate concentrations and nitrogen source concentrations gave a net yield of 5.67% v/v bioethanol. Scale up of optimised media to fermenter has resulted in a significant enhancement of bioethanol production to 18.64% (v/v).
Effect of Top Ventilation on Cooling Characteristics of Passenger Cabin
Authors: Chen Suifan , Meng Zhiwei , Li Qipeng , Huang Feng
Published: July 2021

In order to solve the hot soak effect of car during summer parking, the CFD numerical method was used to simulate the cooling law of passenger cabin under different inlet area, inlet velocity and inlet angle at the top vent. From the two dimensions of cooling rate and cooling effect, the influence of top natural ventilation and top forced ventilation on the cooling characteristics of passenger cabin were studied. The results show that under the condition of top natural ventilation, the cabin can reach thermal balance at about 10 min under different vent area conditions, and the cooling rate is the largest when the vent is fully opened, and the minimum temperature can reach about 45 °C within 4 min, which is 10 °C higher than the ambient temperature. Under forced ventilation, the inlet velocity has a great influence on the cooling rate and cooling effect of cabin. When the inlet angle is 90° and the inlet velocity is 5 m / s, the cooling rate is the largest and the cooling effect is the best.
Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction According to Chronic Comorbid Health Conditions: a Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Lisco Giuseppe , Bartolomeo Nicola , Ramunni Maria Isabella , De Tullio Anna , Carbone Matteo Domenico , Guastamcchia Edoardo , Triggiani Vincenzo , Giagulli Vito Angelo
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) increases along with the burden of chronic diseases. This retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of ED according to the levels of chronic comorbidities.Material and Methods. Two hundred twenty-two outpatients referred to the Outpatients Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease of Conversano Hospital (Italy) with ED complaints from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively eligible for this cross-sectional study. The ED severity and comorbidities burden were assessed by the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire (IIEF-5) and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). A modified index (mCCI) was developed to integrate other common risk factors for ED and was compared to the original tool. The primary outcome was to assess the prevalence of ED according to the severity of CCI. The secondary outcomes included the correlation between 1) IIEF-5 and total testosterone (TT); 2) CCI and TT; 3) IIEF-5 and CCI. Finally, the performance of the CCI and mCCI were compared.Results. The overall prevalence of ED increased along with the CCI score: 45% (5 on 11) for CCI=0; 95% (19 on 20) for CCI=1; 91% (29 on 32) for CCI=2; 99% (158 on 160) for CCI≥3 (p<.0001) Moreover, IIEF-5 score was directly correlated with TT levels (r=0.67; p<.0001). CCI correlated with both TT levels and IIEF-5 score (r=-0.34 and -0.44; p<.0001, respectively). Finally, a lower IIEF-5 score was significantly and independently associated with higher age and CCI as well as lower TT and SHBG. Compared to the CCI, an equal performance was also found with the mCCI.Discussion. Our results showed that CCI and mCCI are reliable tools to assess the presence and severity of ED among outpatients referred to the endocrine center. However, some limitations should be considered, including the number of participants, which appeared underpowered; the single-center experience; possible underestimation of CCI referred to a diagnostic delay of included comorbidities; arbitrary assignment of burden-points to hypertension dyslipidemia and cigarette smoking.Conclusion. The present study found that CCI, a validated tool to assess the burden of comorbidities, correlates with both the prevalence and severity of ED. This confirms that ED is a reliable proxy of overall male health, but further studies are needed to confirm this potential application.
Recirculatory Fibrinolytic-Assisted External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) for Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: QIN Zhen , Kwok John Ching Kwong , Woo Peter Yat Ming , Yim Carmen , Chon Chi Hang
Published: July 2021

Background

Elevated intracranial pressure and acute obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) can be treated by external ventricular drainage (EVD). The treatment time and the risk of EVD-related complications can be reduced with fibrinolytic agents’ instillation via an EVD catheter, but previous clinical trial results did not reveal a significant improvement in terms of long-term functional outcomes. A recirculatory fibrinolytic-assisted EVD system was designed. The clot dissolution effectiveness of the system under different drug dosages and fluid flow rates was tested in an ex vivo model.
Results

The results showed that the mean clot mass was quickly reduced in an initial fibrinolytic agent dose-independent stage, followed by a dose-dependent stage. Elevating fibrinolytic agent dosages beyond a certain threshold did not contribute to shorter dissolution times. Optimal treatment parameters for such a system were determined. A recirculatory flow rate of 10–18 ml/min with a low-dose of 30 000–60 000 IU of uPA resulted in an 80% clot mass reduction within four hours.
Conclusions

This recirculating fibrinolytic system is a promising novel modification of conventional IVH treatment that could reduce clot dissolution times and procedure-related complications.
Nanoparticle Synthesis from Biowaste and Its Potential as an Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Saffar Rishana , PV Athira , Kalita Kangkana , Manuel Suba G A , N Pradeep
Published: July 2021

Biosynthesized nanoparticles are gaining more importance because of their unique biological applications and can be synthesised using biowastes like fruit peels that acts as a better alternative against conventional physical and chemical methods. This work reports an ecofriendly, reliable and cost-effective synthesis of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles (Ag and ZnO NPs) chemically and biologically using fresh peel extracts of Punica granatum and Musa acuminata. The synthesised nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). The size of chemically and biosynthesized Ag and ZnO NPs ranged around 12-20 nm and 0.4-24 nm respectively. Both biosynthesized Ag and ZnO NPs were found to be nanospheres whereas chemically synthesised ZnO NPs were nanoflakes and showed maximum absorbance in the range of 250-550nm. Antimicrobial properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were assessed by well diffusion method against Gram negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis. Biosynthesized Ag NPs were found to be more efficient against E. coli as compared to ZnO NPs wherein biosynthesized M. acuminata Ag NPs exhibiting maximum zone of inhibition (28.4±14.66mm). Similarly, biosynthesized ZnO NPs were more efficient against B. subtilis as compared to biosynthesized Ag NPs wherein biosynthesized P. granatum ZnO NPs exhibiting maximum zone of inhibition (14.08±3.03mm). Hence biosynthesized NPs can be exploited as a potential candidate for antimicrobial agents. Scientific and systematic use of biowaste for NPs synthesis could in turn result in a sustainable solution for waste management.
Preparation of skin care product using coccinia abyssinica tuber extract
Authors: Berhanu Mulugeta
Published: July 2021

Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) is highly nutritious crop which is mostly cultivated in Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. Anchote tubers are rich in calcium and starch which are essential for healthy skin. Thus, a new skin cream was formulated using coccinia abyssinica tuber extract for the purpose of moistening and nourishing the skin. Coccinia abyssinica tuber extract was prepared by maceration extraction method. Then, tuber extract of coccinia abyssinica was mixed with ingredients such as thickening agents, humectant, emollient, antioxidant, preservatives and fragrance to prepare a new skin cream. A newly prepared skin care product was applied to the human skin. The skin became soft, attractive and supple after using this new skin cream. It didn’t cause any side effects on the human body. The current study revealed that coccinia abyssinica skin care product enrich the body with nutrients and useful minerals.
National trends of childhood vaccination coverage in Bangladesh: Understanding gaps from 2011, 2014 and 2017-18 Demographic and Health Surveys data
Authors: Kundu Satyajit , Kundu Subarna , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Okyere Joshua , Ghosh Susmita , Hossain Ahmed , Alshahrani Najim Z. , Banna Md. Hasan Al
Published: July 2021

Background

Vaccination is a safe and cost-effective strategy for protecting children from life-threatening diseases. This study aimed to investigate the changes over time in proportion of vaccination coverage across demographic subgroups in Bangladesh.
Method

Vaccination coverage for children 12–59 months of age was obtained from Bangladesh’s 2011, 2014, and 2017-18 Demographic and Health Surveys. Three multivariable binary logistic regression models with complete vaccination status at each survey data were used to generate adjusted odds ratios to uncover immunization variations across socio-demographic categories. Further, to detect potential geographic disparities, changes over time were analyzed at both the country and district levels.
Findings

Vaccination coverage grew from 88.1% in 2011 to 89.2% in 2017–2018, indicating a gap of more than ten percent for complete immunization coverage among children aged 12–59 months. Children aged 23–35 were more likely to have full vaccination compared to those aged 12–23 in 2011 (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.3–1.9), 2014 (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.3-2.0), and 2017-18 (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.7). The likelihood of full vaccination of children increased with maternal education with the highest odds among women with higher education in 2011 (AOR = 7.2, 95% CI = 4.0-12.9), 2014 (AOR = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.7–5.9), and 2017-18 (AOR = 5.8, 95% CI = 3.5–9.6) compared to those with no formal education. Children born to mothers who lived in urban areas were more likely to have full vaccination in 2011 (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3–1.8), 2014 (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.2–1.7), and 2017-18 (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.7) compared to those who lived in rural areas. Children born to mothers who had at least 4 ANC visits were more likely to have full vaccination compared to those with less than 3 ANC visits in 2011 (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2-2.0), 2014 (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2-2.0), and 2017-18 (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2–2.1 During these three surveys, Rangpur division had the highest vaccine coverage rate, while Sylhet division had the lowest vaccination coverage.
Conclusion

Although there was an improvement in these nationally representative surveys from 2011 to 2017-18, a portion of children still needs to be vaccinated to ensure full immunization coverage. To achieve 100% immunization coverage for all Bangladeshi children, policymakers must integrate vaccine programs with personalized health messaging and assurances of health safety for impoverished children and low-educated mothers. Increased institutional deliveries and prenatal care visits by mothers could assist increase their children's vaccination coverage.
The results of the assessment of self-pollinated precocious lines of maize (Zea mays L.) on the main economically valuable traits at two sowing dates
Authors: Olkhovyk Maksym , Haidash Oleksandr , Kupar Yulyia , Tahantsova Mayna
Published: July 2021

Purpose. Comprehensive study, selection, evaluation and systematization of self-pollinated lines of maize (Zea mays L.) obtained on the basis of material of diffe­rent genetic structure from endosperm of flint and dent maize were implemented according to the main economically valuable traits and precocity in order to select the best genotypes for selection.
Methods. Hybridization, inbreeding were used in the process of creating the initial material; visual method – for phenological observations; laboratory and field – to determine the morphobiological characteristics of self-pollinated lines of maize; measuring and weighing – to account the harvest and determine the metric characteristics of plants; mathematical and statistical – to determine the validity of the results, indicators of trait variability, correlation dependence of traits; analysis of variance; comprehensive assessment of morphobiological and economically valuable traits of self-pollinated maize lines of the most common germplasms.
Results. As a result of assessment of self-pollinated lines of the most common germplasms, it was revealed that the highest level of grain yield was obtained under both sowing periods – Iodent germplasm; the minimum grain moisture content – Flint and Mix germplasms; the shortest average duration of the emergence – flowering of 50% of male and female inflorescences stage – Flint germplasm; steadily high va­lues ​​of plant height for germplasm Mix – under the optimal sowing date, and Iodent plasma – under the late sowing date. Steadily high values ​​of the ear insertion height at both sowing dates were obtained for lines based on Iodent germplasm. The number of the most precocious and the best by the economically valuable traits germplasms of self-pollinated lines were identified.
Conclusions. The DK239 lines – Flint germplasm, DK7174, DK2285, DK305, DK2613, DK5568 – Iodent germplasm, DK2332 and DK2659 – Mix germplasm were the most precocious and the best by the economically valuable traits. They are promising for the selection of ultra-early hybrids of maize adapted to the conditions of the Steppe of Ukraine.
Features of growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] plants depending on the width of rows and seeding rate in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Pravdyva L. A.
Published: July 2021

Purpose. To establish the optimal row spacing and so­wing rate of sorghum seeds of grain varieties ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ and ‘Vinets’, to substantiate their influence on the growing season and biometric parameters of plants in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical.
Results. The most intensive growth and development of sorghum plants was observed when sowing seeds with a row spacing of 45 cm and a seeding rate of 200 thousand pieces/ha. In particular, the duration of the growing season under such conditions was the smallest: 108 days for the ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ variety and 106 days for the ‘Vinets’ variety. At the same time, the indicators of field seeds germination, plant height and stem diameter were maximum in the experiment: ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ – 88.7%, 137.3 cm and 1.7 cm, ‘Vinets’ – 86.9%, 121.8 cm and 1.6 cm, respectively. It was found that an increase in seeding rate reduced indicators of productive tillering, leaf area and weight per plant. The most intense tillering of sorghum plants was observed at a seeding rate of 150 and 200 thousand pieces/ha for all the studied variants of the row spacing: on average, up to two panicles well filled with grain per plant, depending on the varietal characte­ristics. At the rate of 250 thousand pieces/ha, tillering of plants in both varieties was somewhat weaker – 1.0–1.1 panicles per plant. The largest indicators of leaf surface area and weight of one plant were with a row spacing of 45 cm: 1528–2320 cm2 and 169.2–185.6 g in the variety ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ and 1476–2180 cm2 and 143.1–162.3 g in the variety ‘Vinets’ depending on planting density. Reduction of row spacing up to 15 cm and its increase up to 70 cm led to a decrease in the main parameters of plant growth and development.
Conclusions. Sorghum plants developed better when sown with a row spacing of 45 cm and a seeding rate of 200 thousand pieces/ha, which were recommended for growing crops in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Ecological plasticity and stability of common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) productivity in different environmental conditions of Ukraine
Authors: Prysiazhniuk L. M. , Nochvina O. V. , Shytikova Yu. V. , Mizerna N. A. , Hryniv S. M.
Published: July 2021

Purpose. To estimate the ecological plasticity of common millet yield under conditions of Steppe, Forest-Steppe and Forest of Ukraine.
Methods. Mathematical and statistical: determination of stability and plasticity by Eberhart & Russell method, correlation analysis.
Results. As a result of correlation analysis of millet cultivated areas during the period of 2011–2020, it was revealed that cultivated areas in Ukraine depend on the world ones (r = 0.34). It was determined that a high level of common millet yield was obtained in the forest-steppe zone, namely in Poltava, Khmelnytskyi, Cherkasy, Sumy and Kharkiv regions (2.20–2.51 t/ha). Quite high rates of yield were obtained in Vinnytsia, Kyiv (Forest-Steppe zone) and Kirovohrad (Steppe zone) regions (1.86–2.02 t/ha). Low yield over 10 years was noted in Rivne, Zhytomyr and Volyn regions, which belong to the Forrest zone (1.09–1.34 t/ha). It is shown that during 2011–2015 high variability of millet yield was observed in Khmelnytskyi, Vinnytsia and Volyn regions. The coefficient of variation was 42.0–71.3%. During 2016–2020 significant variation was noted in Donetsk, Volyn and Odesa regions. The coefficient of variation was 31.8–43.9%. In the period from 2016 to 2020, high plasticity of the yield trait was noted in Vinnitsa, Kyiv, Kharkiv, Poltava, Cherkasy, Sumy and Khmelnitsky regions. During 2016–2020 high plasticity trait of millet yield was in Vinnytsia, Kyiv, Sumy, Kharkiv, Khmelnytskyi, Cherkasy and Poltava regions.
Conclusions. According to the results of the studies, it was found that with a reduction in the area under millet in the world, the volume of its production in Ukraine increases. It was determined that the hig­hest yield of millet was obtained in the Forest-Steppe zone during the years of observation. According to the plasticity of millet yield, it was found that favorable conditions for realization of its biological potential were in Donetsk and Kirovohrad regions of Steppe zone, in Forest-Steppe zone of Vinnytsia, Poltava, Kyiv, Kharkiv, Khmelnytskyi, Cherkasy and Sumy regions.
The Linkage “Body Mass Index-Insomnia Levels-Eating Disorder Flexibility”
in Italian Nurses During the Covid-19 Outbreak: A Psychoendocrinological
Employment Disease
Authors: Vitale Elsa , Galatola Vito , Mea Rocco , Di Dio Francesca , Canonico Anna
Published: July 2021

Aim:

To evaluate differences between insomnia condition and the flexibility attitude to
eat in Italian nurses directly involved in the care of patients affected by Covid-19 according to sex,
Body Mass Index, shift working condition and incidence of new Covid-19 cases in the region of
participants. Moreover, any correlations between the insomnia condition and the flexibile attitude
to eat have been investigated.

Methods:

An online questionnaire was administered in October 2020, which included: the socio-demographic
section, the insomnia condition assessment and the behavioral flexibility evaluation to
develop in connection with developing an eating disorder.

Results:

341 Italian nurses answered the questionnaire. Regarding the insomnia condition levels,
nurses belonging to regions with a higher incidence rate of the Covid-19 pandemic recorded higher
levels of insomnia than others (p=.004). Females and nurses belonging to regions with lower
Covid-19 incidence rate recorded a significant higher total eating flexibility attitude (p=.003;
p<.001), also, in the Food and Exercise flexibility (p=.007; p<.001). As regards the flexibility attitude
for weight and shape, significant differences were recorded among nurses according to their
BMI values (p<.001) and to their incidence rate of the belonging region (p<.001). The insomnia
condition levels significantly correlated with the flexibility attitude to eat both in its total score
(p=.010), in the general score (p=.010) and in the weight and shape score (p<.001). All correlations
between the insomnia conditions and the flexibility to eat were significantly inverse with the exception
for of the food and exercise dimension. All the flexibility attitudes to eat sub dimensions significantly
correlated among them (p<.001).

Conclusion:

There was a direct correlation among socio-demographic factors, BMI values, insomnia
and behavioral flexibility scores in Italian nurses so, it could be assumed that the nursing profession
is at risk of developing a metabolic syndrome condition and, therefore, it could be considered
as a psychoendocrinological employment disease during the Covid-19 outbreak.
Convolutional Neural Network Based Intelligent Advertisement Search Framework for Online English Newspapers
Authors: Jain Pooja , Taneja Kavita , Taneja Harmunish
Published: July 2021

Background:

Instant access to desired information is the key element for building an intelligent environment creating value for people and steering towards society 5.0. Online newspapers are one such example which provide instant access to information anywhere and anytime on our mobiles, tablets, laptops, desktops, etc. But when it comes to searching for a specific advertisement in newspapers, online newspapers do not provide easy advertisement search options. Also, there are no specialized search portals which can provide for keyword-based advertisement search across multiple online newspapers. As a result, to find a specific advertisement in multiple newspapers, a sequential manual search is required across a range of online newspapers.

Objective:

This research paper proposes a keyword-based advertisement search framework to provide an instant access to the relevant advertisements from online English newspapers in a category of reader’s choice.

Method:

First, an image extraction algorithm is proposed which can identify and extract the images from online newspapers without using any rules on advertisement placement and/or size. It is followed by a proposed deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model named ‘Adv_Recognizer’ which is used to separate the advertisement images from non-advertisement images. Another CNN Model, ‘Adv_Classifier’, is proposed, which classifies the advertisement images into four pre-defined categories. Finally, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technique is used to perform keyword-based advertisement searches in various categories across multiple newspapers.

Results:

The proposed image extraction algorithm can easily extract all types of well-bounded images from different online newspapers and this algorithm is used to create ‘English newspaper image dataset’ of 11,000 images, including advertisements and non-advertisements. The proposed ‘Adv_Recognizer’ model separates advertisement and non-advertisement images with an accuracy of around 97.8%. and the proposed ‘Adv_Classifier’ model classifies the advertisements in four predefined categories exhibiting an accuracy of around 73.5%.

Conclusion:

The proposed framework will help newspaper readers in performing exhaustive advertisement searches across a range of online English newspapers in a category of their own interest. It will also help in carrying out advertisement analysis and studies.
A Review of Synthesis and Applications of Boron Nitride Nanotubes
(BNNTs) with Future Prospects
Authors: Yusuf Mohd , Khan Shafat Ahmad
Published: July 2021

:

Emerging nanotechnology in the early 1990s introduced nanoscaled and advanced materials such as Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) with specific chemical structures and exceptionally unique properties. Among various nanostructures, particularly nanotubes have shown their specific values due to their inherent characteristics. With time, new vistas were opened for developing other nanotube-based materials due to their remarked mechanical strength and versatile applications. In recent decades, BNNTs with promising applicability have been synthesized via several methods. This review highlights the synthetic strategies of Boron Nitride Nanotubes (BNNTs) with their potential applications in various applied sectors, including energy, electronics, and biomedical applications.
Case Reports: Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Phosphate, an Inducer of Heme Oxygenase 1, in Combination with Sodium Ferrous Citrate for the Treatment of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Kaketani Kazutoshi , Nakajima Motowo
Published: July 2021

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest life-threatening disaster currently facing the worldwide population. COVID-19 patients with concomitant diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular problems quickly develop severe pneumonia with low arterial oxygen saturation and multiorgan failure, resulting in sudden death. These symptoms are caused by deadly inflammation that occurs in various organs.

Objective:

Various types of inflammation caused by RNA virus infection have been known to be manageable by the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in local tissues. HO-1 is also known to be a key enzyme for the suppression of RNA viral replication. Therefore, in addition to standard medical care for pneumonic viral infection, we have attempted to treat COVID-19 patients with a highly effective HO-1 inducer, 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate, in combination with ferrous sodium citrate (5-ALA with SFC).

Methods:

5-ALA with SFC is a supplement formulation registered in Japan as food with functional claims. Six patients with typical symptoms of COVID-19 and some suspected COPD associated with heavy smoking were given oral administration of multiple doses of 5-ALA with SFC at the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) for 3 to 7 days, followed by treatment with a lower amount of 5-ALA with SFC for 2 to 3 weeks.

Results and Conclusion:

Each patient's recovery time was considerably shorter than reported for patients who received only standard care for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results confirm the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of 5-ALA with SFC as a therapeutic supplement for patients with acute-phase COVID-19.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Peternak Sapi Potong Melalui Teknologi Pakan di Desa Gunungrejo Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Kusmartono Kusmartono , Mashudi Mashudi , Ndaru Poespitasari Hazanah , Irsyammawati Artharini , Kartika Aprilia Dwi
Published: July 2021

Desa Gunungrejo merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Singosari, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penduduk Desa Gunungrejo sebagaian besar bermatapencaharian sebagai petani disamping juga sebagai peternak khususnya sapi potong betina dengan tujuan pembibitan. Pemeliharaan ternak di Desa Gunungrejo masih dilakukan secara konvensional yaitu dengan memanfaatkan hijauan dan rumput lapang yang ada disekitar, disisi lain potensi limbah agroindustri sebagai pakan ternak di Desa Gunungrejo cukup melimpah dan belum termanfaatkan secara optimal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk transfer ilmu pengetahuan (IPTEK) berupa introduksi teknologi pengolahan pakan kepada peternak di Desa Gunungrejo. Teknologi yang ditawarkan adalah teknologi aplikatif yaitu teknologi pakan lengkap yang berbasis bahan pakan lokal dan teknologi fermentasi pakan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dimulai dengan sosialisasi kegiatan yang dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan materi dan praktik pengolahan pakan, pendampingan serta evaluasi dilakukan secara berkala untuk memastikan keberlanjutan program. Pengolahan pakan ternak didasarkan pada formulasi pakan yang dirancang sesuai kebutuhan gizi ternak dengan biaya produksi yang terjangkau. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah peternak mendapatkan pengetahuan baru mengenai kebutuhan nutrisi ternak, pengolahan pakan ternak yang aplikatif serta strategi pemeliharaan ternak yang efektif dan efisien. Pakan lengkap yang diproduksi untuk ternak betina di Desa Gunungrejo adalah BK 89,27%, BO 90,54%, PK 10,06%, LK 3,60% dan SK 26,72% sedangkan kandungan nutrisi pakan lengkap untuk ternak jantan adalah BK 89,03%, BO 90,12%, PK 12,36%, LK 4,21% dan SK 28,16%. Berdasarkan hasil dari kegiatan, maka diharapkan keberlanjutan dari program pengabdian ini dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ternak, pendapatan dan kesejahteraan peternak di Desa Gunungrejo, Kabupaten Malang.
Preliminary Study on Moisture, Fat, and Protein Contents of Bee Bread From Apis cerana from Different Regions in North Lombok Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Erwan Erwan , Franti Lara Dwi , Purnamasari Dwi Kusuma , Muhsinin Muhammad , Agussalim Agussalim
Published: July 2021

Apis cerana is one of the honeybee species from the Apis genus that produce honey, bee bread, royal jelly, and propolis. The objective of this study was to determine the honeybee forages as the pollen source and to evaluate the moisture, fat, and protein contents of bee bread from the bee of Apis cerana from different regions (Sigar Penjalin, Teniga, and Medana villages) in North Lombok, Indonesia. The methods used to determine the pollen source were taken flowers sample and then checking pollen at anther of flowers. The moisture, fat, and protein contents were determined using proximate analysis. The results showed that the honeybee forages as the pollen source from Sigar Penjalin village were maize, cashew, damar, kapok, calabash, breadfruit, passion fruit, and acacia. The plant flowers as the pollen source from Teniga village were coconut, coffee, cacao, citrus, guava, leucaena, papaya, and sugar palm, while those from Medana village were jackfruit, mangosteen, Java apple, maize, rice, candlenut, soybean, and banana. The moisture and fat contents of bee bread from Sigar Penjalin and Teniga villages were similar, and both were lower than the moisture and fat contents of bee bread from Medana village. The protein content of bee bread from Sigar Penjalin and Medana villages were similar, and both were lower than the protein content of bee bread from Teniga village. Thus, the bee bread from Teniga village was higher in protein content for all beekeeping regions, however Teniga village and Sigar Penjalin were similar in moisture and fat contents.
Tingkat Pemotongan Kambing Lokal Betina (PI0 â€“ PI1) di Kluster Tph Swasta Kediri
Authors: Budiarto Agus , Ciptadi Gatot , Putri Ardyah Ramadhina Irsanti , Yuwono Zulvado Satria Putra
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah kambing yang dipotong berdasarkan umur sapih dan bobot karkas. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 66 ekor kambing dengan umur kurang dari 1 tahun (PI0). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi kasus berdasarkan pengamatan langsung dengan melihat gigi seri (poel) untuk pendugaan umur dan penimbangan bobot hidup dan bobot karkas. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tingkat pemotongan kambing betina sebanyak 110 ekor atau 60%. Penyembelihan kambing pada umur PI0 adalah 49 atau 74%, PI1 adalah 17 atau 26%. Rata-rata bobot karkas kambing betina adalah PI0 7,32 Â± 2,64 kg, PI1 8,74 Â± 1,69 kg. Persentase karkas yang dihasilkan kambing betina berbagai umur rata-rata 47,01 Â± 0,99 %. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kasus penyembelihan kambing di TPH Kabupaten Kediri berdasarkan jenis kelamin, kambing betina umur PI0 dan PI1 lebih banyak dibandingkan kambing jantan sebesar 95,66%. Pada kategori umur yang sama, rata-rata bobot karkas kambing betina lebih rendah satu persen dibandingkan bobot karkas rata-rata kambing jantan.
How Self-tracking and the Quantified Self Promote Health and Well-being: Systematic Review
Authors: Feng Shan , Mäntymäki Matti , Dhir Amandeep , Salmela Hannu
Published: July 2021

Background

Self-tracking technologies are widely used in people’s daily lives and health care. Academic research on self-tracking and the quantified self has also accumulated rapidly in recent years. Surprisingly, there is a paucity of research that reviews, classifies, and synthesizes the state of the art with respect to self-tracking and the quantified self.

Objective

Our objective was to identify the state of the art of self-tracking and the quantified self in terms of health and well-being.

Methods

We have undertaken a systematic literature review on self-tracking and the quantified self in promoting health and well-being. After a rigorous literature search, followed by inclusions, exclusions, and the application of article quality assessment protocols, 67 empirical studies qualified for the review.

Results

Our results demonstrate that prior research has focused on 3 stakeholders with respect to self-tracking and the quantified self, namely end users, patients and people with illnesses, and health care professionals and caregivers. We used these stakeholder groups to cluster the research themes of the reviewed studies. We identified 11 research themes. There are 6 themes under the end-user cluster: user motivation and goal setting, usage and effects of self-tracking, continuance intention and long-term usage, management of personal data, rejection and discontinuance, and user characteristics. The patient and people with illnesses cluster contains three themes: usage experience of patients and people with illnesses, management of patient-generated data, and advantages and disadvantages in the clinical context. The health care professional and caregiver cluster contains two themes: collaboration among patients, health care professionals, and caregivers, and changes in the roles of patients and professionals. Moreover, we classified the future research suggestions given in the literature into 5 directions in terms of research designs and research topics. Finally, based on our reflections on the observations from the review, we suggest four future research directions: (1) users’ cognitions and emotions related to processing and interpreting the information produced by tracking devices and apps; (2) the dark side of self-tracking (eg, its adverse psychosocial consequences); (3) self-tracking as a societal phenomenon; and (4) systemic impacts of self-tracking on health care and the actors involved.

Conclusions

This systematic literature review contributes to research and practice by assisting future research activities and providing practitioners with a concise overview of the state of the art of self-tracking and the quantified self.
Evaluation of PROMIS Preference Scoring System (PROPr) in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis or Kidney Transplant
Authors: Zhang Jing , Dewitt Barry , Tang Evan , Breitner Daniel , Saqib Mohammed , Li Dan , Siddiqui Rabail , Edwards Nathaniel , Peipert John Devin , Hays Ron D. , Hanmer Janel , Mucsi Istvan
Published: July 2021

Background and Objectives

A preference-based health utility score (PROPr) can be calculated using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System domain scores. We assessed the construct validity of PROPr among patients treated with KRT (hemodialysis or kidney transplant).

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We performed a secondary analysis of data collected in multicenter, cross-sectional studies of adults treated with KRT, recruited between April 2016 to March 2020 in Toronto, Canada. All participants provided informed consent. The outcome was the PROPr score. Coadministered outcome variables included the Short-Form Six-Domain (SF-6D) and EuroQol Five-Domain Five-Level (EQ-5D-5L) scores. Socioeconomic and clinical variables included age, sex, diabetes, eGFR, serum albumin, hemoglobin, KRT, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Construct validity was assessed through correlations between PROPr and SF-6D or EQ-5D-5L, and associations between PROPr and other exposure variables. Health-condition impact estimates (coefficients for health conditions compared with a referent category, e.g., dialysis versus kidney transplant) were calculated using multivariable linear regression.

Results

The mean (SD) age of the 524 participants was 57 (17) years, 58% were male, and 45% were White. Median (interquartile range) score was 0.39 (0.24–0.58) for PROPr, 0.69 (0.58–0.86) for SF-6D, and 0.85 (0.70–0.91) for EQ-5D-5L. Large correlations were observed between PROPr versus SF-6D (0.79; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.76 to 0.82) and EQ-5D-5L (0.71; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.75). Both PROPr and the other utility indices demonstrated health-condition impact in the expected direction. For example, the estimate for PROPr was −0.17 (95% CI, −0.13 to −0.21) for dialysis (versus kidney transplant), −0.05 (95% CI, −0.11 to 0.01; P=0.08) for kidney transplant recipients with an eGFR of <45 versus ≥45 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and −0.28 (95% CI, −0.22 to −0.33) for moderate/severe versus no/mild depressive symptoms.

Conclusions

Our results support the validity of PROPr among patients treated with KRT.
Text Analyzer - An Approach for Hate Speech & Offensive Language Detection
Authors: Bansal Dr. Sweeta
Published: July 2021

As we know that the social crowd is increasing day by day, so is the hatred among them online. This hatred gives rise to hate speech/comments that are passed to one another online. Recently, the hate speech has increased so much that we need a way to stop them or at least contain it to minimum. Keeping this problem in mind, we have introduced a way in which we can detect the class of comments that are posted online and stop its spread if it belongs to hateful category. We have used Natural Language Processing methods and Logistic Regression algorithm to achieve our goal.
Influence of Material and Effects of Tidal Turbine Blade: A Review
Authors: Suryawanshi Aayushi
Published: July 2021

In the past few years, tidal turbines have been developed to exploit the kinetic energy of seawater currents to generate electrical energy. The blade is the greater essential part of the tidal mills. It is designed in line with hydrodynamic science so that you can seize the most power from marine currents and supposed to face up to the environment marine conditions for long intervals. The cloth choice of the tidal turbine blades in the sort of extreme surroundings performs a essential role inside the efficiency of the tidal turbine. This paper discusses vital factors that affect the overall performance and the sturdiness of the tidal modern turbine together with cavitation, biofouling and corrosion. This paper intends to offer a quick evaluation of the characteristics of available materials for tidal modern turbine blades. Apart from the traditional substances, new alternative materials undertaken are discussed.
Heat Disease Prediction using Machine Learning
Authors: Sandhiya Prof. Dr. R.
Published: July 2021

In recent times, the diagnosis of heart disease has become a very critical task in the medical field. In the modern age, one person dies every minute due to heart disease. Data science has an important role in processing big amounts of data in the field of health sciences. Since the diagnosis of heart disease is a complex task, the assessment process should be automated to avoid the risks associated with it and alert the patient in advance. This paper uses the heart disease dataset available in the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The proposed work assesses the risk of heart disease in a patient by applying various data mining methods such as Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, KNN, Linear SVM, RBF SVM, Gaussian Process, Neural Network, Adabost, QDA and Random Forest. This paper provides a comparative study by analyzing the performance of various machine learning algorithms. Test results confirm that the KNN algorithm achieved the highest 97% accuracy compared to other implemented ML algorithms.
Isolation and Screening of Zinc and Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms from Different Rhizospheric Soil
Authors: Patel Taniya P.
Published: July 2021

Zinc is considered as a crucial trace micronutrient for proper growth, reproduction and driving of many metabolic reactions in all crops. Potassium is classified as a macronutrient associated with movement of water and nutrients as well as enzyme activation. The present study was aimed for isolation and screening of zinc and potassium solubilizing microorganisms from different rhizospheric soil of rice. Eight different isolates- ZSB1, ZSB2, ZSB3, ZSB4, KSB1, KSB2, KSB3 and KSB4 were obtained and were screened for their Zinc and Potassium solubilizing activities on TRIS minimal agar medium and Aleksandrov’s medium, respectively. Upon characterization, ZSB1, ZSB4 and KSB3 were observed as motile Gram-negative organisms, ZSB2, KSB2 and KSB4 as motile Gram-positive organisms while ZSB3 and KSB1 had mycelial growth with some conidial spore. All isolates gave positive results for starch and lipid hydrolysis. In gelatin hydrolysis, only ZSB3, ZSB4, KSB1 and KSB2 gave positive results. The main purpose to obtain these zinc and potassium solubilizing microorganisms was for their use in plant growth promotion as biofertilizers to increase soil fertility and crop yield.
Annual Statement of Rates (A.S.R.) as a Baseline for Calculating Various Taxes and Premium - A Critical Review
Authors: Gaikwad Vickrant
Published: July 2021

This paper has been written in the context of critically reviewing the practice of using Annual Statement of Rates by various Government departments for computing their respective taxes and premiums. The Author explores the existing method of preparation of the Annual Statement of Rates and suggested some alterations in the same. Arriving at true market value is a difficult task because it needs consideration of many value-governing parameters on a single immovable property which is a time-consuming and strenuous job. Therefore, in order to make ASR much rational than before, the attempt is made by suggesting a methodology that is not going to change the base of the existing preparation methodology and recommended some suggestions which can be practically implementable and helpful to arrive at true market value. The need for automation tools like a real-time updating system along with a geological information system in the existing system is addressed to avoid manual errors. Which may achieve a rational ASR to some extent.
Provisions in the Development Plan of Cities / Towns of Different Characters - A Comparative Study
Authors: Chandrakar Gunjan
Published: July 2021

Dating back to the history of development which starts near the resources or the Euclidean type planning where only physical planning is considered the time has come where planners need to consider the social aspects as well as the character of the city while setting goals or making policies for the same. Every place has its own uniqueness it may a cool new hi-tech building or an antique ancient monument, a busy booming mall or a quiet peaceful natural scenery. The need of this study of urban system is important to understand the human values, development, and the interactions they have with their physical environment. Development plan aims to promote growth and regulate the present and future development of towns and cities. In its simplest form, it is about improving the standard of living of the residents. While planning for a city, we should not only think about development as a tool for improving the physical and material conditions of the citizens but also consider the changes in built environment of the city which forms an important part of the city character and also gives clues related to the social and cultural life in that city The richness of the values forming the identity and character of the built environment is also an expression of the richness of the social and cultural life in that city .
Cloud Based Application for Prediction of Natural Disasters
Authors: E J Lokesha
Published: July 2021

Natural disasters are very dangerous and occurs common throughout the world, Natural disasters often result in injuries, damages and the other physical & mental health effects in India, detection has been one of the most active research in remote sensing today because of saving human life is our priority once a disaster occurred. Disaster leads to a great damage to the society. Artificial Intelligence can be used to analysis the data which can be used in prediction of warning for future events & create awareness for the situation. In Machine learning concept of random forest regression is used so that it can predict accurate result compare to other modules based on the result we have proposed the model for natural disasters detection to early saving life for humans/animals