bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Institutional features of political process and government stability: parameters of the relationship
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocka Sławomira
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to analyzing the parameters of correlation and interrelation of institutional features of political process and government stability. It was stated that the issue of governments and their stability is extremely multifaceted, since it concerns both institutional and non-institutional parameters and determinants of government stability. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, governments are institutionally positioned as the highest executives, and therefore, on the other hand, that governments are not isolated from other political institutions, because they are in direct and indirect relations with them within the systems of inter-institutional relations, which are determined by different forms and systems of government, different forms of government and different types of political regimes. It was argued that in general the problem of the relationship between the institutional features of political process and government stability is mainly manifested in the correlation of stability of different types of governments within different institutional designs and different reasons for the formation and functioning of them.
泰尔指数在评分者间信度中的应用:与组内相关系数的比较
Authors: Pan Tianshu
Published: July 2023

本文建议应用泰尔(Theil)指数比率于评分者间信度。我们讨论了其理论基础，并使用 真实数据进行了检验。研究结果表明，组内相关系数和泰尔指数比率结果之间的相关性 很高。但是，组内相关系数的估计可能会因评分者之间的某些极端分歧而低估评分者间 信度，比泰尔指数比率更容易受到这些极端分歧的影响。鉴于泰尔指数比率在某种程度 上克服了组内相关系数的局限性，至少在某些条件下，例如，当数据中存在奇异值，很 难估计方差分量，或者组内相关系数低估了评分者间信度的时候，泰尔指数比率提供了 评估评分者间信度的另一种方法。
An Application of Theril Indexes for the Interrater Reliability: A Comparison with Intraclass Correlations
Authors: Pan Tianshu
Published: July 2023

This study proposes to apply the Theil-index ratios for the interrater reliability. We discuss the theoretical foundations and examine its function empirically using real data. Our analyses show that Theil-index rations and intraclass correlation (ICC) estimates are highly correlated. However, ICC may underestimate the interrater reliability by some extreme disagreement among raters and be more likely to be influenced by the extreme disagreement. As Theil-index ratios overcome the limitations of ICC to some degree, it seems that Theil-index ratios provide an alternative to evaluating interrater reliability, at least under certain conditions, e.g., when outliers exist in the data, it is difficult to obtain the variance component estimates, or ICC underestimates interrater reliability.
Proposición de una tipología híbrida de paisaje
Authors: Gutiérrez González María josé
Published: July 2023

El panorama postmoderno con una atemporalidad perpetua, donde predomina la desorientación y el hastío con respecto a la evolución de las ciudades. Se expone una mirada más amplia en el tiempo. Asimismo, el arte constituye una herramienta destacada para mostrar narrativas humanas que permitan configurar y dar identidad a los lugares. Otra tendencia imperante es la revisión de los elementos en desuso, residuos históricos, que pueden ofrecer alternativas para dotar de resignificado a los espacios. Las sociedades del siglo XXI plantean un cambio ideológico, donde toma protagonismo los lazos sociales y las historias particulares con el lugar, en detrimento de un modelo global. Por otro lado, la expansión de las ciudades ha supuesto la ocupación de zonas rurales. Ante estas circunstancias, se analiza una hibridación del paisaje como opción, es decir, en equilibrio entre lo urbano y lo rural, ya que, puede aportar muchos beneficios para la calidad de vida en los entramados metropolitanos. Al mismo tiempo, se defiende la producción de las zonas de cultivo próximas a la ciudad, ya que, este tipo de actividad alberga una gran cantidad de información valiosa sobre las cualidades del lugar.
Aktualne podejście Komisji do ograniczeń wertykalnych w świetle rozporządzenia 2022/720 i towarzyszących mu wytycznych
Authors:   INP PAN, Łukawski Jarosław
Published: July 2023

Umowy zawierane pomiędzy przedsiębiorcami działającymi na różnych szczeblach obrotu w celu dystrybucji towarów lub usług stanowią jedne z najczęściej występujących w obrocie gospodarczym porozumień. Powszechność tego typu umów wyjaśnia, dlaczego ocena na gruncie przepisów prawa konkurencji niektórych klauzul zawartych w umowach wertykalnych ma szczególnie istotne znaczenie dla praktyki obrotu gospodarczego. Skala, na jaką zawierane są umowy dystrybucyjne, była jednym z powodów, dla których już w 1965 r. do unijnego prawa konkurencji wprowadzone zostało wyłączenie niektórych rodzajów umów dystrybucyjnych spod zakazu zawierania porozumień ograniczających konkurencję. Podejście do oceny tego typu porozumień znacząco ewoluowało na przestrzeni lat i obecnie odzwierciedlone jest w rozporządzeniu Komisji Europejskiej 2022/720. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia aktualne podejście Komisji Europejskiej do antymonopolowej oceny porozumień wertykalnych poprzez porównanie rozwiązań przyjętych w rozporządzeniu 2022/720 z poprzedzającym go rozporządzeniem 330/2010, które przestało obowiązywać 31 maja 2022 roku. Pomimo że artykuł koncentruje się na przepisach prawa unijnego, przedstawiona w nim ocena, w tym uwagi krytyczne odnośnie do aktualnego podejścia Komisji Europejskiej znajdują zastosowanie również do krajowych regulacji dotyczących antymonopolowej oceny porozumień wertykalnych. Nowe, krajowe przepisy prawa konkurencji dedykowane antymonopolowej ocenie porozumień dystrybucyjnych niemal w całości powielają rozwiązania unijne zarówno te, które z punktu widzenia dostawców i dystrybutorów należy ocenić pozytywnie, jak i te, które mogą budzić wątpliwości.
Zakres obowiązków i uprawnień przeszukującego i przeszukiwanego w toku przeszukania przez Prezesa UOKiK – omówienie postanowienia Sądu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów z 22 listopada 2022 r. w sprawie XVII Amz 92/22
Authors: Kulesza Marcin
Published: July 2023

Artykuł przedstawia omówienie postanowienia Sądu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów z 22 listopada 2022 r. w sprawie XVII Amz 92/22 oddalającego zażalenie przeszukiwanego na czynności przeszukania, dotyczącego zgodności pozyskiwanego materiału dowodowego z zakresem przedmiotowym przeszukania, możliwości utrwalania czynności przeszukania przez przeszukiwanego (w tym z punktu widzenia ochrony osób trzecich po stronie przeszukujących) oraz zakłócenia funkcjonowania przeszukiwanego przez zabezpieczenie niezbędnego sprzętu i dostępu do poczty elektronicznej. Postanowienie może być istotne z punktu widzenia prawa przeszukiwanych do obrony w postępowaniach przez Prezesem UOKiK.
La rivière sans repos : un regard féminin inuit1
Authors: Côté Vaillant Sara
Published: July 2023

L’auteure aborde la représentation décoloniale de l’expérience d’une Inuk dans le long métrage La rivière sans repos (de Marie-Hélène Cousineau et Madeline Ivalu, 2019). La question décoloniale est d’abord traitée par l’étude du personnage principal en rapport avec les concepts d’agentivité, d’autonomisation (empowerment), d’identité plurielle et du mythe de la « disparition des Indiens » (vanishing Indian). Ensuite, l’auteure souligne que l’œuvre, en déplaçant le genre cinématographique du film de guerre, met en lumière l’accroissement des mesures coloniales dans l’Inuit Nunangat et les violences faites aux femmes autochtones. Enfin, l’auteure se concentre, dans la dernière partie de son article, sur la décolonisation des représentations cinématographiques des agressions sexuelles par la création d’un regard féminin (female gaze) inuit.
Solidarités et altérisation : le « nous » et le « elles » dans les écrits de Québécoises deboutte!
Authors: Pagé Geneviève
Published: July 2023

Si les écrits de Québécoises deboutte! (QD!) sont reconnus à juste titre pour la formulation d’un nouveau féminisme et donc d’un nouveau sujet politique, peu d’analyses portent sur la construction des solidarités et sur les processus d’altérisation mis en avant dans ces textes. Cet article propose un regard critique et nuancé sur le « nous » et le « elles » déployés dans les pages de QD! Comment les solidarités internationales et locales sont-elles pensées? Quelles femmes sont identifiées comme des alliées, des ennemies ou quelque chose entre les deux? Les réponses à ces questions permettent d’esquisser certaines des trames complexes de l’identité politique renouvelée par les écrits de QD! Utilisant les conceptualisations de bell hooks sur la sororité et la solidarité ainsi que la notion de colonisation discursive élaborée par Chandra T. Mohanty, l’article examine les manières dont les écrits militants de QD! ont habilement évité certains des écueils décriés par ces autrices. De concert avec elles, il trace les limites des solidarités locales énoncées à travers les écrits. Il met en valeur certains héritages décoloniaux précurseurs ainsi que leurs legs conflictuels.
Avaliação de políticas públicas e interoperabilidade na perspectiva da governança pública digital
Authors: Afonso Tavares André , Bitencourt Caroline Müller
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho está inserido no campo das políticas públicas a partir de uma análise interdisciplinar, para além da exclusivamente jurídica. O objetivo geral foi compreender os aspectos da interoperabilidade que poderiam contribuir no processo de avaliação de políticas públicas, uma vez que otimizam a tomada de decisões perfazendo um caminho mais seguro para atuação pública e realização dos compromissos constitucionais pela via das políticas públicas. A hipótese de pesquisa foi o de que as tecnologias podem promover a governança pública a partir da aplicação da interoperabilidade de forma a resultar no aprimoramento do processo de avaliação de políticas públicas, permitindo maior acompanhamento, monitoramento, racionalização da tomada de decisões e atuação administrativa. Foi utilizado o método dedutivo e como abordagem metodológica se utilizou de pesquisa bibliográfica e consulta às fontes legislativas. Verificou-se que o agir interoperável amplia exponencialmente a aplicação de técnicas em programação e utilização de tecnologias mais avançadas, de forma a permitir avaliações mais dinâmicas, integradas e tempestivas, e, assim, apoiar os gestores públicos na missão de cumprir os objetivos constitucionais, além de ser possível sua aplicação em diferentes métodos, ao aprimorar suas técnicas, reduzir seus custos ou diminuir o tempo para sua conclusão.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BOYS AND GIRLS IN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MOTOR SKILLS
Authors: Узелац Јован
Published: July 2023

The main goal of this research is to determine whether there is a difference between boys and girls in morphological characteristics and motor skills. The sample consisted of 59 third-grade elementary school students from Sombor, aged 9.5 years (± 3 months). There were 28 boys and 31 girls tested. A set of 13 motor tests was used to assess their motor skills: 2 to assess coordination, 1 to assess explosive leg strength, 1 to assess explosive arm strength, 1 to assess endurance in muscle strength, 1 to assess repetitive strength, 2 to assess flexibility, 2 to assess movement frequency speed, 2 to assess accuracy and 1 to assess durability. In the morphological space there were two anthropometric measures that were measured: body mass and body height. Gender differences in all variables were examined with an independent sample t-test. A statistically significant difference in favor of boys was observed only in the test that evaluates the explosive power of legs – long jump t(59) = 3.09, with significance p = 0.003. In the motor tests that assess explosive arm strength, precision, coordination, repetitive strength, and movement frequency speed (Hand taping) there are no statistically significant differences, although there are nominally better results in favor of boys, while in the flexibility parameters and one movement frequency speed parameter (Leg taping) the difference is in favor of girls. Given that students have similar morphological characteristics and motor skills, it is justified that the teaching process of physical and health education in the third grade of elementary school is implemented with both genders simultaneously, without different approaches.
ПРИМЈЕНА ОРФОВОГ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЈА У ПРЕДШКОЛСКИМ УСТАНОВАМА
Authors: Марјановић Драгана
Published: July 2023

Наставна средства заузимају посебно мјесто у остваривању плана активности и садржаја активности музичке културе. Она су неопходна за одржавање квалитетне активности. У активностима музичке културе не може главну улогу да има само глас васпитача као једино средство за активност, требало би употребљавати сва наставна средства, како она коју могу из- радити сами васпитачи и дјеца у вртићу, тако и она која се могу купити. У оквиру задатака на- ставе музичке културе у Службеном гласнику – Просветном гласнику РС 12. августа 2004. го- дине на страни 57–63 између осталог је наведено да дјеца треба да упознају дјечије инструменте и начине свирања на њима (штапићи, бубањ, звечке, тријангл, чинеле, даире). Такође се наводи да на основу искуства у извођењу музике препознају звуке које ствара глас (говор-пјевање), сте- пене јачине звука (гласно-тихо), различита темпа (брз-спор), трајање кратак-дуг (Службени гла- сник, 2004).
Digits of powers of 2 in ternary numeral system
Authors:   School of IT and Engineering, ADA University, Azerbaijan, Aliyev Yagub N.
Published: July 2023

We study the digits of the powers of 2 in the ternary number system. We propose an algorithm for doubling numbers in ternary numeral system. Using this algorithm, we explain the appearance of “stairs” formed by 0s and 2s when the numbers $2^n (n=0,1,2, \ldots)$ are written vertically so that for example the last digits are forming one column, the second last digits are forming another column, and so forth. We use the patterns formed by the leftmost digits, and the patterns formed by the rightmost digits to prove that the sizes of these blocks of 0s and 2s are unbounded. We also study how this regularity changes when the digits are taken between the left end and the right end of the numbers.
Comparative analysis of the gut bacteria of the relict gull (Larus Relictus) and black-necked grebe (Podiceps Nigricollis) in Erdos Relic Gull National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Zhao Yaru , Bao Dulan , Sun Ying , Meng Yajie , Li Ziteng , Liu Rui , Lang Jiwei , Liu Li , Gao Li
Published: July 2023

The gut microbiota promotes host health by maintaining homeostasis and enhancing digestive efficiency. The gut microflora in wild birds affects host physiological characteristics, nutritional status, and stress response. The relict gull (Larus Relictus, a Chinese national first-class protected species) and the black-necked grebe (Podiceps Nigricollis, a secondary protected species) bred in the Ordos Relic Gull National Nature Reserve share similar feeding habits and living environments but are distantly related genetically. To explore the composition and differences in the gut microbiota of these two key protected avian species in Erdos Relic Gull National Nature Reserve and provide a basis for their protection, 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing was performed and the gut microbial diversity and composition of the relict gull (L. Relictus) and black-necked grebe (P. Nigricollis) was characterized. In total, 445 OTUs (operational taxonomic units) were identified and classified into 15 phyla, 22 classes, 64 orders, 126 families, and 249 genera. Alpha diversity analysis indicates that the gut microbial richness of the relict gull is significantly lower than that of the black-necked grebe. Gut microbe composition differs significantly between the two species. The most abundant bacterial phyla in these samples were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The prominent phylum in the relict gull was Proteobacteria, whereas the prominent phylum in the black-necked grebe was Firmicutes. The average relative abundance of the 17 genera identified was greater than 1%. The dominant genus in the relict gull was Escherichia-Shigella, whereas Halomonas was dominant in the black-necked grebe. Microbial functional analyses indicate that environmental factors exert a greater impact on relict gulls than on black-necked grebes. Compared with the relict gull, the black-necked grebe was able to use food more efficiently to accumulate its nutrient requirements, and the gut of the relict gull harbored more pathogenic bacteria, which may be one reason for the decline in the relict gull population, rendering it an endangered species. This analysis of the gut microbial composition of these two wild avian species in the same breeding grounds is of great significance, offers important guidance for the protection of these two birds, especially relict gulls, and provides a basis for understanding the propagation of related diseases.
State of Water Quality and Management of Patin Fish Cultivation in Cindai Alus, Banjar District, Indonesia
Authors: Yuda Bintang Nalan , Fauzana Noor Arida , Fatmawati  , Biyatmoko Danang
Published: July 2023

There is an interesting thing that has not been touched, namely the evaluation of the environmental feasibility of catfish which is the main commodity of the Cindai Alus Minapolitan Area. This activity focuses on the results of evaluating the quality of water suitable for catfish farming and the management of this culture. This study aims to analyze the condition of water quality and management of catfish farming in Cindai Alus, Banjar Regency. This research was conducted in Cindai Alus Village, Banjar Regency. The sample used in this study, namely using 5 representative catfish cultivators based on field observations that have been made. The cultivators in question are pond A, pond S, pond F, pond K, and pond D. The condition of the water quality for catfish cultivation in Cindai Alus Village is not yet environmentally friendly, as can be seen from the many parameter values that do not meet the quality standards of water quality. determined by the government. The management of catfish farming in Cindai Alus Village is not suitable for Good Fish Cultivation which has been determined by the guidelines of the Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.
Toxicological Effect of Green Tea (Camelia sinensis) on Haematological Parameters in Wistar Rats
Authors: Ogar Faith Onyedikachi , Georgewill Owunari Abraham , Ibubeleye Victor Tamunotonye
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Green tea, derived from the leaves of Camellia sinensis, has gained significant attention due to its potential health benefits. It contains various bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and catechins, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Despite its widespread consumption and positive reputation, limited information is available regarding the potential toxicological effects of green tea. In this study, the toxicological impact of green tea extract on haematological parameters was investigated using Wistar rats as an animal model.

Method:  Forty-eight adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=12 per group). The control group received a vehicle solution, while the treatment groups were orally administered different doses of green tea extract (low dose: 100 mg/kg, moderate dose: 200 mg/kg, high dose: 400 mg/kg) once daily for 28 consecutive days. Haematological analysis was performed at baseline (day 0) and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 of the study. Blood samples were collected from the retro-orbital plexus under light isoflurane anaesthesia, and various haematological parameters were assessed using automated Hematology analyzers.

Results: The results of the haematological analysis showed that the administration of green tea extract did not significantly affect haemoglobin levels, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, eosinophil count, lymphocyte count, and neutrophil count compared to the control group throughout the study period. However, the white blood cell (WBC) count and its differential count exhibited some variations among the treatment groups. The low and moderate doses of green tea extract resulted in a slight increase in the WBC count compared to the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant. On the other hand, the high dose of green tea extract led to a slight decrease in the WBC count compared to the control group. Regarding platelet count, the low and moderate doses of green tea extract resulted in a significant increase compared to the control group. In contrast, the high dose of green tea extract caused a significant decrease in platelet count.

Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the administration of green tea extract did not have significant adverse effects on the assessed haematological parameters in Wistar rats, except for some minor variations in the WBC count and platelet count at higher doses. These results suggest that green tea consumption may not cause significant haematological toxicity in rats. However, further studies are warranted to evaluate the long-term effects and safety of green tea consumption in humans.
Investigation on Management of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita through Soil Application of Bio-control Agents in Field Pea
Authors: Shravani Vyamasani , Singh Uma Shankar
Published: July 2023

The pot experiment was conducted at AICRP on vegetables, Pusa farm, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University during 2020-21. The bio-control agents viz. Glomus fasciculatum (85-90 spores/g), Trichoderma harzianum 1.0% WP (2×106 cfu/g), Pseudomonas fluorescens 1.0% WP (1×108 cfu/g), Purpureocillium lilacinum 1.0% WP (2×106 cfu/g) either singly or in combined application shown significant improvement in plant growth and development and in declining nematode population. The combined application of P. fluorescens 1.0% WP (1×108 cfug-1) and P. lilacinum 1.0% WP (2×106 cfug-1) when applied 10g per pot each is efficient in improving plant growth and on other hand, plants treated with Cartap hydrochloride 4G (5g per pot) had the lowest nematode population, galls per plant, and Reproduction factor (Rf). P. lilacinum 1.0% WP (2×106 cfu/g) demonstrated promising effects in plants when just single bio-control agent i.e., 10g/pot was used. This study discovered that utilizing a mixture of bio-control agents was more effective than using bio-control agents alone in reducing the population of M. incognita. According to the study, bio-control agents had the same effects as Cartap hydrochloride 4G. As a result, bio-control agents can be used instead of nematicides.
A New Personalized Oral Cancer Survival Calculator to Estimate Risk of Death From Both Oral Cancer and Other Causes
Authors: Davies Louise , Hankey Benjamin F. , Wang Zhuoqiao , Zou Zhaohui , Scott Susan , Lee Minjung , Cho Hyunsoon , Feuer Eric J.
Published: July 2023

Importance

Standard cancer prognosis models typically do not include much specificity in characterizing competing illnesses or general health status when providing prognosis estimates, limiting their utility for individuals, who must consider their cancer in the context of their overall health. This is especially true for patients with oral cancer, who frequently have competing illnesses.

Objective

To describe a statistical framework and accompanying new publicly available calculator that provides personalized estimates of the probability of a patient surviving or dying from cancer or other causes, using oral cancer as the first data set.

Design, Setting, and Participants

The models used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registry (2000 to 2011), SEER-Medicare linked files, and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (1986 to 2009). Statistical methods developed to calculate natural life expectancy in the absence of the cancer, cancer-specific survival, and other-cause survival were applied to oral cancer data and internally validated with 10-fold cross-validation. Eligible participants were aged between 20 and 94 years with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Exposures

Histologically confirmed oral cancer, general health status, smoking, and selected serious comorbid conditions.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Probabilities of surviving or dying from the cancer or from other causes, and life expectancy in the absence of the cancer.

Results

A total of 22 392 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (13 544 male [60.5%]; 1476 Asian and Pacific Islander [6.7%]; 1792 Black [8.0%], 1589 Hispanic [7.2%], 17 300 White [78.1%]) and 402 626 NHIS interviewees were included in this calculator designed for public use for patients ages 20 to 86 years with newly diagnosed oral cancer to obtain estimates of health status–adjusted age, life expectancy in the absence of the cancer, and the probability of surviving, dying from the cancer, or dying from other causes within 1 to 10 years after diagnosis. The models in the calculator estimated that patients with oral cancer have a higher risk of death from other causes than their matched US population, and that this risk increases by stage.

Conclusions and relevance

The models developed for the calculator demonstrate that survival estimates that exclude the effects of coexisting conditions can lead to underestimates or overestimates of survival. This new calculator approach will be broadly applicable for developing future prognostic models of cancer and noncancer aspects of a person’s health in other cancers; as registries develop more linkages, available covariates will become broader, strengthening future tools.
Schottky Heterojunction Realizes In Situ Vaccine‐Like Antitumor Efficacy and Microenvironment Remodeling Upon Near‐Infrared Laser Response in Cold Tumors
Authors: Song Xueru , Zhou Xiaoyu , Pan Yunfeng , Liang Kaijie , Luo Yuting , Xie Wanrong , Lv Zhongyang , Yang Dingyi , Wang Yong , Wu X.S. , Wu Yizhang , Wei Jia
Published: July 2023

Cold tumor is one of the most refractory tumors due to its low immunogenicity and absence of T cell infiltration. The immunotherapeutic effect of near‐infrared (NIR) responsive nanomaterials on tumors is far from satisfactory. Herein, ultrasmall γ‐MnO2 nanodots are anchored on the intrinsic metallic Ti3C2(OH)2, modified with bovine serum albumin, to realize a Schottky heterojunction (labeled as TC‐MnO2@BSA), which can be utilized to reshape the cold tumor microenvironment (TME) through in situ vaccine‐like antitumor effect. The Schottky heterojunction endows TC‐MnO2@BSA with improved photothermal conversion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Excess ROS and heat lead to tumor immunogenic death (ICD) and abundant damaged double‐strain DNA releasing into TME, coordinated with TC‐MnO2@BSA‐derived Mn2+, magnifying the cGAS‐STING signaling pathway, eventually promoting antigen presentation of dendritic cells and infiltration of T cells. Such a NIR‐activated nanovaccine can achieve complete ablation of tumors while robust activating systemic antitumor immune response. Furthermore, it inhibits the growth of abscopal tumors through dramatically “heating” their cold TME. This work introduces a universal strategy to magnify the photothermal and immune adjuvant effect through the gain of Schottky heterostructure, as a novel paradigm to construct the multifunctional in situ nanovaccine.
A New Class of Donor‐π‐Acceptor Phosphonium Salt Exhibiting Intriguing Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Authors: Wei Jun‐Hua , Luo Jian‐Bin , He Zi‐Lin , Zhang Zhi‐Zhong , Kuang Dai‐Bin
Published: July 2023

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) behaviors in metal halide perovskite and perovskite derivatives are rarely reported due to the absence of suitable TADF molecules that can serve as the A‐site cations. Herein, a series of novel donor‐π‐acceptor type of molecules are developed by adopting substituted phosphine and phosphonium as the electron donor and acceptor linked by the polarized π‐spacer. The prepared ((diphenylphosphaneyl)phenyl)diphenylphosphonium‐X (BzDPP‐X, X = counterions: Cl−, Br−, I−, NO3−, CH3COO− etc.) salts show bright emission in the visible range with TADF characteristics due to the strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). Benefiting from the spatially separated highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, small singlet‐triplet energy splitting (ΔEST) is obtained, facilitating the reverse intersystem crossing process. It turns out that the emission of BzDPP‐X is dependent on the counter anions, and the counterions help to stabilize the ICT state. Intriguingly, the emission can be tuned by integrating metal‐halide units into the above phosphonium salt. Remarkably, the zinc‐based halide exhibits a higher photoluminescence quantum yield (36.2%) than the pure benzyl(2‐(diphenylphosphaneyl)phenyl)diphenylphosphonium bromide (26.9%). This work exemplifies an easy design concept and a facile synthetic method toward ionic luminescent materials.
High‐Throughput Fabrication of Curved Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Switchable Beam Focusing and Thermal Infrared Cloaking
Authors: Gong Jintao , Xiong Lingxing , Pu Mingbo , Wen Yifeng , Cai Jixiang , Feng Xingdong , Pan Rui , He Qiong , Guo Yinghui , Chi Nan , Ma Xiaoliang , Li Xiong , Luo Xiangang
Published: July 2023

Considerable effort is devoted to research on reconfigurable beam focusing and optical cloaking in the basis of metamaterials/metasurfaces. However, it remains a great challenge to achieve multifunctional wavefront control on curved platforms, especially in the reflective case, which is of paramount importance in the emerging fields of active optics and stealth research. This study proposes a novel strategy to control the versatile reflective structured wavefront on a conformal platform by curving a flexible metasurface. This metasurface is fabricated in a high‐throughput manner by using ultra‐violet nano‐imprinting lithography (UV‐NIL), and its efficacy is verified through consistent simulated and experimental results. The conformal metasurface is designed to realize multifunctional performance by employing all‐metallic plasmonic structures based on the Pancharatnam‐Berry (PB) phase. A general theoretical scheme is also proposed for the projection of a curved surface onto a reference plane by a judicious compensation, combining the geometrical PB phase with curvature‐induced propagation phase. Moreover, as a proof‐of‐concept, curved metasurfaces with cylindrical shapes are experimentally characterized by their multifunctionalities in generating a beam spot with a continuously tunable focal length and reflecting plane waves used for camouflage, thereby confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Flexible PANI/Lotus Stemmed Fiber Sensor for Bifunctional Sensing of Physical and Chemical Stimuli
Authors: Li Hongxing , Xu Li , Cheng Kaige , Ma Xu , Xiao Wei , Qiang Qinping , Lang Tianchun , Cao Shixiu , Peng Lingling , Zhao Yaru , Liu Bitao
Published: July 2023

In recent times, high‐performance flexible sensors that can be fabricated environmentally friendly and low‐costly have received considerable attention owing to their potential applications in wearable health monitoring. The combination of biocompatibility, degradability, and recyclability between the substrate and sensor layer remains a challenge. Here, a highly sensitive multifunctional sensor is developed using a polyaniline (PANI)‐coated lotus stem fabric (PANI/LSF) for body physical and chemical stimuli in a simple way. The lotus stem fabric has excellent breathability, skin compatibility, and lightweight as a flexible substrate. Its high sensitivity at low pressure is experimentally verified, which can reach 0.3 kPa−1 in the 0–1.5 kPa range. In addition, the sensor has low detection limitation and good linearity of response to water molecules and short response and recovery times for water in N2 or normal atmosphere at the range of 3.7–70.5% relative humidity (RH) and 19.6–66.8% RH, respectively. This can be successfully used in the recognition of various breathing behaviors. Therefore, the study has developed a breathable and skin‐friendly bifunctional sensor based on PANI and natural fabrics, which has great potential for application in human health care.
2D Shape Estimation of a Pneumatic‐Driven Soft Finger with a Large Bending Angle Based on Learning from Two Sensing Modalities
Authors: Hao Jianxiong , Zhang Zhiqiang , Wang Shuxin , Shi Chaoyang
Published: July 2023

A shape estimation method that utilizes two sensing modalities of a customized fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor and a commercial air pressure sensor for a pneumatically driven soft finger with an extensive bending angle range based on an artificial neural network model is proposed. The proposed FBG sensor utilizes two tiny nitinol rods as a backbone to attach the long‐grating FBG element fiber, enabling high strain transfer, shape sensing for large bending deformation, and preventing chirping failure and fiber sliding when bending. Its distal end is set free to slide and synchronizes with the extended length and reflects shapes for large bending deformation (up to 320° with a linearity of 99.96%), while its proximal end is fixed. The small packaged sensor unit enables modular design, easy assembly, and high repeatability with negligible effects on the soft finger's bending performances. The artificial neural network model is utilized to process the input of two sensing modalities, reducing errors from material nonlinearity, fabrication, and assembly of soft fingers while improving shape estimation's accuracy and transferability with average errors of 0.90 mm (0.69%) and 1.55 mm (1.19%) for whole shape and distal end position, respectively. Preliminary experiments also verify the potential for pressing force prediction and hardness recognition.
A Real‐Time and Fast LiDAR–IMU–GNSS SLAM System with Point Cloud Semantic Graph Descriptor Loop‐Closure Detection
Authors: Tian Yingzhong , Liu Feng , Liu Hongfei , Liu Yiming , Suwoyo Heru , Jin Tao , Li Long , Wang Jieyu
Published: July 2023

Herein, a real‐time, fast, tightly coupled simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system is proposed. The deep neural network is used to segment the point cloud semantically to construct the point cloud semantic map descriptor, and the global navigation satellite system real‐time kinematic position is used to detect the loop closure. Finally, a factor‐graph model is used for global optimization. The working principle of the SLAM system is introduced in detail, including the construction of the factor graph, the generation of the point cloud semantic graph descriptor, the generation of the ring graph, the loop‐closure detection process, and the global optimization. Indoor and outdoor experiments are conducted to validate the performance of overall trajectory estimation and loop‐closure detection. Compared to traditional methods, the proposed method offers improved accuracy and real‐time performance in trajectory estimation. It effectively addresses issues such as limited feature constraints, large computational consumption, and subpar real‐time performance, allowing for quick and accurate loop‐closure detection. Moreover, the method demonstrates a time consumption reduction of two‐thirds compared to traditional approaches while exhibiting superior overall loop‐closure detection performance.
Location Prediction of Sperm Cells Using Long Short‐Term Memory Networks
Authors: Noy Lioz , Barnea Itay , Dudaie Matan , Kamber Dotan , Levi Mattan , Shaked Natan T.
Published: July 2023

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) requires precise selection of a single sperm cell in a dish to be injected into an oocyte. This task is challenging due to high sperm velocity, collision with other sperm cells, and changes in the imaging focus. Herein, a new model is proposed, which is based on a multilayer long short‐term memory (LSTM) network combined with linear extrapolation calculation, for predicting the future location of individual sperm cells based on their previous paths. The model is trained with a unique loss function, constructed from the predicted location and trajectory, and results in low mean location error predictions. The results are based on comparing different input sequences length, number of time frames ahead, and motility parameters of sperm cells. This model can provide faster and more accurate sperm motility predictions, better tracking, and aid automatic sperm capturing technologies.
Using social media‐based drama therapy and family counselling to treat symptoms of postpartum depression among women
Authors: Onogwu Elizabeth Odachi , Alidu Ojonugbede Samuel , Anibueze Anselm U. , Okwuowulu Charles , Ekwueme Obiorah , Erojikwe Ikechukwu , Gever Verlumun Celestine
Published: July 2023

This study examines the impact of social media‐based drama therapy and family counselling in reducing symptoms of postpartum depression (PPD) in women aged 18–34. The researchers used a quasi‐experimental design and randomly assigned the participants (n = 303) to the control, drama therapy, and family counselling groups. The key findings of the study are as follows. First, at baseline, women not only showed more symptoms of PPD than their male counterparts, but men also reached the PPD threshold of 12/13. Second, the difference between women and men regarding their PPD scores achieved statistical significance (p = 0.004). However, during the post‐intervention assessment, men who received drama therapy intervention reported a significant drop in their PPD below the threshold of 12/13. Only women whose spouses received family counselling on spousal support reported a significant drop in their PPD. However, those whose partners did not receive family counselling on spousal support still reported PPD scores within the threshold. In both instances, women in the control group still had high PPD scores. Finally, during the 6‐month follow‐up assessment, even men in the control group did not have significant symptoms of PPD as their scores dropped below the threshold. On the contrary, women in the control group still had high PPD, indicating that PPD lasted more in women than in men. Also, women whose husbands received family counselling on spousal support reported PPD scores below the threshold. However, women whose husbands did not receive spousal counselling still had PPD scores at the threshold, even though their scores marginally dropped.
A case of phantom pain and stump pain that was effectively controlled by ultrasound‐guided ulnar and median peripheral nerve blocks
Authors: Sekiguchi Shunya , Ishida Yusuke , Fujita Yosuke , Tomino Mikiko , Ohseto Kiyoshige
Published: July 2023

Phantom limb pain and stump pain are often intractable, and their incidences are relatively high. We report a case of a patient with phantom limb and stump pain of the finger, who was successfully treated by peripheral nerve blocks. The patient was a male truck driver in his fifties, who had his left annular finger amputated in an accident 2 years previously. Owing to poor pain control at the stump of his finger, he was referred to our department. The initial examination revealed pain about numerical rating scale (NRS) 6/10 in the left annular finger transection as well as allodynia. Although some pain relief had been observed with postoperative medication, he still had persistent resting pain of about NRS 4/10. Therefore, blocks of the ulnar nerve and median nerve were performed. After the blocks were performed, the pain improved to NRS 1 to 2/10, and pain upon movement also almost disappeared. Peripheral nerve blocks can be a useful treatment modality for phantom limb pain and stump pain in the fingers, as in this case.
Anabolic‐androgenic anabolic steroids as a probable risk factor for hepatoblastoma in infants
Authors: Malekiantaghi Armen , Shabani‐Mirzaee Hosein , Ehsani MohammadAli , Eftekhari Kambiz
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical Message

The etiology of hepatoblastoma (HB) is still unknown; several risk factors have been identified. The only risk factor for the development of HB in presented case was the child's father using anabolic androgenic steroids. It may be a risk factor for developing HB in their children.

HB is the most common primary liver cancer in children. Its etiology is still unclear. The patient's father's use of androgenic anabolic steroids could be a risk factor for developing HB in his child. A 14‐month‐old girl was hospitalized with intermittent fever, severe abdominal distention, and anorexia. On initial examination, she was cachectic and pale. There were two hemangioma‐like skin lesions in the back. Huge hepatomegaly was found and the ultrasound showed a hepatic hemangioma. The possibility of malignancy was considered due to the severe enlargement of the liver and the increased levels of the alpha‐fetoprotein. An abdominopelvic CT scan was performed and finally, the diagnosis of HB was confirmed by pathology. There was no history of congenital anomalies or risk factors for HB.

Also we did not find any risk factors in the mother's history either. The only positive finding in the father's history was the use of anabolic steroids for bodybuilding. Anabolic‐androgenic anabolic steroids may be one of the possible causes of HB in children.
Metal‐Free Perovskites for X‐Ray Detection
Authors: Wu Yujiang , Li Zhizai , Lei Yutian , Jin Zhiwen
Published: July 2023

Metal‐free perovskites are a promising class of materials for X‐ray detection due to their unique structural, optical, and electrical properties. Here, we first delve into the stoichiometry and geometric argument of metal‐free perovskites. Followed, the alternative A/B/X ions and hydrogen‐bonding are clearly introduced to further optimize the materials’ stability and properties. Finally, we provide a comprehensive overview of their potential applications for flexible X‐ray images and prospects for metal‐free perovskite development. In conclusion, metal‐free perovskite is a promising material for X‐ray detection. Its stoichiometric and geometric parameters, ion, and hydrogen bond selection, and application prospects are worthy of further study.
Naphthalene‐Embedded Multi‐Resonance Emitters Enabling Efficient Narrow Emissive Blue OLEDs**
Authors: Hou Peijie , Xu Yulin , Miao Jingsheng , Zhu Minrong , Liu He
Published: July 2023

Great achievements have been made in the development of organic light‐emitting diodes in recent decades. However, achieving high color purity for blue emitters remains a challenge. In this study, we have designed and synthesized three naphthalene (NA)‐embedded multi‐resonance (MR) emitters, named SNA, SNB and SNB1, based on N−B−O frameworks with isomer variations for finely adjusting the photophysical properties. These emitters show tunable blue emission with emission peaks of 450–470 nm. Small full width of half maximum (FWHM) of 25–29 nm are achieved in these emitters, indicating the well maintaining of molecular rigidity and MR effect with NA extension. Such design also ensures a fast radiative decay. However, no obvious delayed fluorescence is observed in all three emitters due to the relatively large energy differences between the first singlet and triplet excited states. Both SNA and SNB enable high electroluminescent (EL) performance in doped devices with external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.2 and 7.9 %, respectively. When applying the sensitized strategy, devices based on SNA and SNB show huge improvement with EQE of 29.3 and 29.1 %. More importantly, SNB with twist geometry enables stable EL spectra with almost unchanged FWHM under different doping concentrations. This work demonstrates the potential of NA extension design in constructing narrowband emissive blue emitters.
Diiminium Nucleophile Adducts Are Stable and Convenient Strong Lewis Acids**
Authors: Bormann Niklas , Ward Jas S. , Bergmann Ann Kathrin , Wenz Paula , Rissanen Kari , Gong Yiwei , Hatz Wolf‐Benedikt , Burbaum Alexander , Mulks Florian F.
Published: July 2023

Strong Lewis acids are essential tools for manifold chemical procedures, but their scalable deployment is limited by their costs and safety concerns. We report a scalable, convenient, and inexpensive synthesis of stable diiminium‐based reagents with a Lewis acidic carbon centre. Coordination with pyridine donors stabilises these centres; the 2,2’‐bipyridine adduct shows a chelation effect at carbon. Due to high fluoride, hydride, and oxide affinities, the diiminium pyridine adducts are promising soft and hard Lewis acids. They effectively produce acylpyridinium salts from carboxylates that can acylate amines to give amides and imides even from electronically intractable coupling partners.
Long‐time correlations for a hard‐sphere gas at equilibrium
Authors: Bodineau Thierry , Gallagher Isabelle , Saint‐Raymond Laure , Simonella Sergio
Published: July 2023

It has been known since Lanford that the dynamics of a hard‐sphere gas is described in the low density limit by the Boltzmann equation, at least for short times. The classical strategy of proof fails for longer times, even close to equilibrium. In this paper, we introduce a weak convergence method coupled with a sampling argument to prove that the covariance of the fluctuation field around equilibrium is governed by the linearized Boltzmann equation globally in time (including in diffusive regimes). This method is much more robust and simpler than the one devised in Bodineau et al which was specific to the 2D case.
Unveiling the Reduction Process of Graphene Oxide by Ascorbic Acid: Grafting and Reduction Sequences for High Surface Area Graphene Materials
Authors: Ortiz‐Anaya Israel , Nishina Yuta
Published: July 2023

This work reports the synthesis of high surface area reduced graphene oxides using L‐ascorbic acid as a reducing agent by precisely controlling the interaction between graphene oxide and L‐ascorbic acid. Based on the structural characterization, such as textural properties (specific surface area, pore structure), crystallinity, and carbon chemical state, we identified that the temperature and reaction time are critical parameters to control the stacking degree of the final reduced product. Besides, by performing a time course analysis of the reaction, we identified the side products of the reducing agent by LC‐MS and verified the reduction mechanism. Following our results, we proposed an optimum condition for producing a graphene derivative adsorbent with a high surface area. This graphene derivative was tested in an aqueous solution with organic and inorganic pollutants such as methylene blue, methyl orange, and cadmium.
The efficacy of the dental Water Jet, orthodontic, and conventional toothbrushes in plaque removal around orthodontic braces in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Al Hariri Mhd Hadi , Karkoutly Mawia , Al Kurdi Saleh , Alkassar Mohammad , Bshara Nada
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Orthodontic treatment improves both masticatory function and the aspects of facial esthetics through the correct alignment of the teeth. If oral hygiene is neglected during fixed orthodontic treatment, it may lead to plaque accumulation and gingivitis. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of the dental Water Jet (DWJ), and orthodontic toothbrush (O‐TH) in removing dental plaque around the orthodontic braces compared to conventional toothbrush (C‐TH) in adolescents.

Materials and Methods

This was a three‐arm, double‐blind, and parallel‐group randomized active‐controlled trial. Forty‐five patients were randomly allocated into three groups: DWJ, the O‐TH, and the C‐TH (control group). The primary outcome measure was dental plaque accumulation change from the baseline (t0) to post‐cleaning (t1), and plaque scores were recorded using the Orthodontic Plaque Index (OPI). The current clinical trial was registered and approved by Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000524695).

Results

A statistically significant difference was noted in the OPI scores between different time points in the DWJ group, the O‐TH group, and the C‐TH group (p < .05). However, no significant difference was noted between the groups after the cleaning procedure (p > .05).

Conclusion

The level of oral hygiene was not satisfactory in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. In addition, the efficacy of the DWJ was not superior to O‐TH nor to C‐TH in plaque removal.