bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN MENGENAI SISTEM PENGGERAK RODA BELAKANG UNTUK KENDARAAN SEPEDA MOTOR LISTRIK
Authors: Imansuri Febriza , Sumasto Fredy , Wirandi Mohammad , Permana Al Kautsar , Aji Reza Melliyanno Putra , Fathurohman Teguh
Published: September 2023

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) dilakukan di PT WIMA terkait peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai implementasi sistem penggerak roda belakang menggunakan sistem Continously Variable Transmission (CVT) pada kendaraan sepeda motor listrik. Kegiatan PkM yang telah dilaksanakan berdasarkan target percepatan transisi kendaraan berbahan bakar bensin ke kendaraan listrik. Hasil dari kegiatan PkM berupa demonstrasi dan implementasi desain dan prototype kepada mitra PkM. Berdasarkan hasil penyebaran kuesioner kepuasan mitra dengan dua orang responden dapat disimpulkan bahwa seluruh responden menjawab cukup puas dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan PkM. Selain itu berdasarkan hasil jawaban responden terhadap kuesioner keberdayaan mitra terdapat peningkatan keberdayaan dari aspek pengetahuan.
Community Service Activities (PkM) were carried out at PT WIMA related to increasing knowledge regarding the implementation of a rear-wheel drive system using a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) system on electric motorbikes. The PkM activities that have been implemented are based on the target of accelerating the transition from petrol vehicles to electric vehicles. The results of PkM activities are in the form of demonstrations and implementation of designs and prototypes for PkM partners. Based on the results of distributing partner satisfaction questionnaires with two respondents, it can be concluded that all respondents answered that they were quite satisfied with the implementation of PkM activities. Apart from that, based on the results of respondents' answers to the partner empowerment questionnaire, there was an increase in empowerment from the knowledge aspect
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI KERIPIK SAMBAL SIBOLGA MELALUI PROMOSI DAN EKSPOR DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Prima Suci Rahmawati , Laras Lase Sepandil , Rini Febrianti  , Rahmad Purnama  , Krisna Cahyadi Ni Made Ayu
Published: September 2023

Keripik Cabai Sibolga merupakan oleh-oleh khas daerah Sumatera Utara khususnya kota Sibolga dan menjadi ciri khas kota yang dikenal dengan sebutan Kota Ikan. Keripik Cabai Sibolga merupakan hasil industri kuliner yang saat ini sedang menarik wisatawan dan diharapkan dapat menjadi penopang perekonomian masyarakat Sibolga. Namun di masa pandemi COVID-19 ini banyak sektor yang terdampak, termasuk produksi dan pemasaran usaha Keripik Cabai Sibolga. Oleh karena itu, program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berupaya melakukan inovasi dalam pengemasan baik melalui repackaging dan rebranding serta perluasan pemasaran melalui promosi produk di pasar-pasar dan menembus pasar luar negeri melalui kegiatan ekspor. Pelayanan dimulai dengan analisa kebutuhan mitra UMKM, riset pasar internasional, perencanaan dan implementasi. Luaran dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah terciptanya sistem pengemasan produk yang lebih menarik perhatian dan sesuai standar internasional, serta terciptanya pusat bisnis ekspor Keripik Cabai Sibolga yang dimodifikasi, seperti website penjualan dan publikasi visual. di media sosial agar dapat lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat luas baik dalam maupun luar negeri melalui kegiatan ekspor. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pengemasan baru, promosi di marketplace dan ekspor ke pembeli luar negeri.
 
Sibolga Chilli Chips are souvenirs typical of the North Sumatra, especially the city of Sibolga and are the hallmark of the city known as the City of Fish. Sibolga Chilli Chips is the result of the culinary industry which is currently attracting tourists and is expected to be a supporter of the economy of the Sibolga community. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many sectors were affected, including the production and marketing of Sibolga Chilli Chips business. Therefore, this community service program seeks to innovate in packaging both through repackaging and rebranding as well as marketing expansion through product promotion in marketplaces and penetrate foreign markets through export activities. The service begins with an analysis of the needs of MSME partners, international market research, planning and implementation. The output of this community service is the creation of a product packaging system that is more eye-catching and in accordance with international standards, as well as the creation of a modified Sibolga Chilli Chips export business center, such as websites for sales and visual publications on social media so that they can be better known by the wider community both locally and abroad through export activities. The results of this community service are new packaging, promotions in the marketplace and exports to foreign buyers.
MEMBUAT BATIK TULIS TERNYATA MUDAH (PEMBERDAYAAN WARGA TERDAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19)
Authors: Triyono Triyono , Sukarsih Yeti , Zuhriyah Siti , Siswati Kus Anjar , Asih Irsanti Widuri
Published: September 2023

Artikel ini mengulas tentang hasil kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) sebagai upaya mencari solusi mencari penghasilan alternatif bagi warga terdampak pandemi Covid-19 yang kehilangan sumber penghasilan karena Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) akibatnya tutupnya pabrik tempat warga bekerja. Kegiatan PKM yang dilaksanakan berupa pelatihan membuat batik tulis kepada mitra kegiatan PKM, yaitu pengurus Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) Dukuh Jipangan, Bangunjiwo, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Dengan memiliki keterampilan tersebut, mitra PKM dapat membuat dan memakai produk batik tulis buatan sendiri sehingga menghemat pengeluaran, dan dapat dikembangkan menjadi usaha yang berpotensi memberikan alternatif penghasilan keluarga. Strategi kegiatan berupa training of trainers (ToT) melalui metode diskusi, demonstrasi, dan praktik. Kegiatan ini dibagi menjadi tiga tahap, yaitu analisis kebutuhan mitra sasaran, pelaksanaan kegiatan, dan evaluasi. Hasil dari pelatihan ini menunjukkan signifikansi tinggi dalam meningkatkan keterampilan pengurus PKK Jipangan dalam membuat batik tulis sendiri dan menjadi alternatif penghasilan yang hilang karena dampak pandemi Covid-19.
This article reviews the results of Community Service (PKM) activities as an effort to find solutions to find alternative income for residents affected by the Covid-19 pandemic who lost their source of income due to layoffs due to the closure of factories where residents worked. PKM activities carried out in the form of training in making written batik to PKM activity partners, namely the management of Family Welfare Development (PKK) Dukuh Jipangan, Bangunjiwo, Kasihan, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta. By having these skills, PKM partners can make and use homemade handmade batik products so as to save expenses, and can be developed into a business that has the potential to provide alternative family income. Strategy activities in the form of training of trainers through discussion, demonstration, (ToT) and practice methods. This activity is divided into three stages, namely analysis of target partner needs, implementation of activities, and evaluation. The results of this training showed high significance in improving the skills of PKK Jipangan administrators in making their own written batik and becoming an alternative to income lost due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic.
PENGEMBANGAN ALAT PERMAINAN KOMPREHENSIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU PAUD
Authors: Tatminingsih Sri , Hermaini Budi , Amini Mukti , Chandrawati Titi , Aisyah Siti , Djatmiko Tedjo
Published: September 2023

Setiap guru PAUD harus memiliki kompetensi pedagogik, khususnya kompetensi dalam merancang bahan belajar dan menerapkan pembelajaran menggunakan bahan belajar yang sesuai dengan perkembangan anak didiknya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) Dosen Pendidikan Guru PAUD Universitas Terbuka (PGPAUD UT) bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik Guru PAUD melalui kegiatan pengembangan alat permainan komprehensif (APK). Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan melalui kegiatan luring dan daring. Mitra adalah Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Pandeglang dengan peserta 20 guru PAUD/TK yang berasal dari 10 lembaga terpilih. Pengukuran pencapaian PkM dilihat dari produk APK dan Sertifikat HKI yang dihasilkan dan hasil asesmen yang dilakukan terhadap semua peserta. Hasil PkM adalah lima produk APK, lima sertifikat HKI dan peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik sebesar 37%. Rekomendasi yang dapat disampaikan adalah kegiatan Pengembangan APK dapat dilanjutkan dan disebarkan kepada guru-guru PAUD di berbagai wilayah lainnya dan Guru yang telah mengikuti kegiatan ini dapat menyebarkan ilmu dan pengalamannya kepada sejawatnya.
 
Every PAUD teacher must have pedagogical competence, especially competence in designing learning materials and implementing learning using learning materials that are appropriate to the development of their students. Community service activities (PkM) for PAUD Teacher Education Lecturers at the Open University (PGPAUD UT) aim to improve the pedagogical competence of PAUD Teachers through comprehensive game tool development activities (APK). The implementation method is carried out through offline and online activities. The partner is the Pandeglang Regency Education and Culture Office with 20 PAUD/TK teachers participating from 10 selected institutions. The measurement of PkM achievement can be seen from the APK products and IPR Certificates produced and the results of assessments carried out on all participants. The results of PkM are five APK products, five IPR certificates, and an increase in pedagogical competence of 37%. The recommendation that can be made is that APK development activities can be continued and distributed to PAUD teachers in various other regions and teachers who have participated in this activity can spread their knowledge and experience to their colleagues.
Education Between Future Perspective and Demand for Quality and Accreditation
Authors: AL-Momani Mohammad , Elham Mahmoud Rababa
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to identify the current education system between looking to the future and the issue of quality and reliability, as the issue of quality and accreditation many educators and specialists in the field from the principle of providing a high level of reliability to all educational and educational programmers and youth in the teacher, the curriculum and the educational environment, whether in school stage university mother represented, in addition to the importance of the presence of modern technology in education and its impact on future generations in the future; where this study came to shed light on the importance of education and its impact on individuals and society through the introduction of all kinds of educational and technological innovations; The study followed the qualitative analytical approach based on the theoretical research study. This study concludes that it is necessary to work on strengthening education, whether in school or university, with all the new knowledge and modern technologies, the impact of which is reflected on students and society, contributing to the continuity of progress, growth, and prosperity of societies.
Spatially and temporally distinct patterns of expression for VPS10P domain receptors in human cerebral organoids
Authors: Febbraro Fabia , Andersen Helena Hørdum Breum , Kitt Meagan M. , Willnow Thomas E.
Published: September 2023

Vacuolar protein sorting 10 protein (VPS10P) domain receptors are a unique class of intracellular sorting receptors that emerge as major risk factors associated with psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, including bipolar disorders, autism, schizophrenia, as well as Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. Yet, the lack of suitable experimental models to study receptor functions in the human brain has hampered elucidation of receptor actions in brain disease. Here, we have adapted protocols using human cerebral organoids to the detailed characterization of VPS10P domain receptor expression during neural development and differentiation, including single-cell RNA sequencing. Our studies uncovered spatial and temporal patterns of expression unique to individual receptor species in the human brain. While SORL1 expression is abundant in stem cells and SORCS1 peaks in neural progenitors at onset of neurogenesis, SORT1 and SORCS2 show increasing expression with maturation of neuronal and non-neuronal cell types, arguing for distinct functions in development versus the adult brain. In neurons, subcellular localization also distinguishes between types of receptor species, either mainly localized to the cell soma (SORL1 and SORT1) or also to neuronal projections (SORCS1 and SORCS2), suggesting divergent functions in protein sorting between Golgi and the endo-lysosomal system or along axonal and dendritic tracks. Taken together, our findings provide an important resource on temporal, spatial, and subcellular patterns of VPS10P domain receptor expression in cerebral organoids for further elucidation of receptor (dys) functions causative of behavioral and cognitive defects of the human brain.
Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of essential fatty acids against clinically isolated vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium
Authors: Wei Ming , Wang Peng , Li Tianmeng , Wang Qiangyi , Su Mingze , Gu Li , Wang Shuai
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Enterococcus faecium is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, which has become a serious public health concern. The increasing incidence of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (VRE-fm) raises an urgent need to find new antimicrobial agents as a complement to traditional antibiotics. The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of essential fatty acids (EFAs) against VRE-fm, and further explore the molecular mechanism of the antibiofilm activity of EFAs.

Method

The microdilution broth method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing with traditional antibiotics and EFAs, including α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), linoleic acid (LOA), γ-linolenic acid (GLA), and arachidonic acid (AA). The effect of EFAs on cell morphology of VRE-fm was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The crystal violet method was used to evaluate the antibiofilm activities of EFAs against VRE-fm. Furthermore, the expression of biofilm-related genes (acm, atlA, esp, and sagA) of VRE-fm isolates under the action of GLA was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay.

Results

VRE-fm isolates were highly resistant to most traditional antibiotics, only highly susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin (90.0%), tigecycline (100%), and linezolid (100%). EPA, DHA, and GLA exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity. The MIC50/90 of EPA, DHA, and GLA were 0.5/1, 0.25/0.5, and 0.5/1 mM, respectively. SEM imaging showed that strain V27 adsorbed a large number of DHA molecules. Furthermore, all EFAs exhibited excellent inhibition and eradication activities against VRE-fm biofilms. The biofilm inhibition rates of EFAs ranged from 45.3% to 58.0%, and eradication rates ranged from 54.1% to 63.4%, against 6 VRE-fm isolates with moderate biofilm formation ability. GLA exhibited remarkable antibiofilm activity against VRE-fm isolates. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that GLA could significantly down-regulate the expression of the atlA gene (P < 0.01) of VRE-fm.

Conclusion

DHA showed the strongest antibacterial activity, while GLA showed the strongest antibiofilm effect among the EFAs with antibacterial activity. Our novel findings indicate that the antibiofilm activity of GLA may be through down-regulating the atlA gene expression in VRE-fm. Therefore, DHA and GLA had the potential to be developed as therapeutic agents to treat infections related to multiple antimicrobial-resistant E. faecium.
Case report: Alternative approach for management of refractory volume overload in heart failure: usefulness of venous leg compression
Authors: Collado Macián Carlos , Pujol Pocull David , Dominguez Fernando , López-Azor Juan Carlos , Garcia-Pavia Pablo , Nuñez Julio , Cobo Marcos Marta
Published: September 2023

Background

Management of patients with refractory congestion, is one of the most important challenges in the field of heart failure (HF). Diuretic therapy remains the most widely used therapy to achieve euvolemia. However, some patients experience fluid overload despite the use of high-dose diuretics and new strategies to overcome diuretic resistance are needed.

Case Summary

We report an 85 years-old male patient admitted for decompensated HF with persistent tissue fluid overload (peripheral edema) for more than two weeks despite high dose of intravenous furosemide with the combination of other diuretics. At this point, we performed leg venous compression using elastic bandages for three days. After 72 h, edema disappeared, and additional weight loss was achieved (1 kg/day). No side effects were observed and the patient was discharged home euvolemic.

Conclusion

Venous leg compression may be an alternative therapy in patients with persistent tissue fluid overload resistant to diuretics.
Comparative effectiveness and safety of laser, needle, and “quick fenestrater” in in situ fenestration during thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Wang Xiaokai , Wu Jianjin , Zhi Kangkang , Zou Sili , Jin Jie , Bai Jun , Qu Lefeng
Published: September 2023

Background

Special instruments are needed for the revascularization of aortic branches in in situ fenestration during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). This prospective study compared the effectiveness and safety of three currently used fenestraters: laser, needle, and Quick Fenestrater (QF).

Methods

In all, 101 patients who underwent TEVAR for aortic disease (dissection, n = 62; aneurysm, n = 16, or ulcer, n = 23) were enrolled. All patients were randomly assigned to three groups: 34 were assigned to laser fenestration, 36 to needle fenestration, and 31 to QF fenestration. The epidemiological data, treatment, imaging findings, and follow-up outcomes were analyzed using data from the medical records.

Results

The technical success rates of the laser, needle, and QF fenestration groups were 94.1%, 94.4%, and 100% (p > 0.05). After correction of mixed factors such as age and gender, it was showed the average operative time (Laser group: 130.01 ± 9.36 min/ Needle group: 149.80 ± 10.18 min vs. QF group: 101.10 ± 6.75 min, p < 0.001), fluoroscopy time (Laser group: 30.16 ± 9.81 min/ Needle group: 40.20 ± 9.91 min vs. QF group: 19.91 ± 5.42 min, p < 0.001), fenestration time (Laser group 5.50 ± 3.10 min / Needle group 3.50 ± 1.50 min vs. QF group 0.67 ± 0.06 min, p < 0.001), and guide wire passage time after fenestration (Laser group 5.10 ± 1.70 min / Needle group 4.28 ± 1.60 min vs. QF group 0.07 ± 0.01 min, p < 0.001) were all shorter with QF fenestration than with the other two tools. The overall perioperative complication rates of the laser, needle, and QF fenestration groups were 5.9%, 5.6%, and 0% (p > 0.05): One case of sheath thermal injury and one case of vertebral artery ischemia occurred in the laser fenestration group; one case each of access site hematoma and brachial artery thrombosis were reported in the needle fenestration group. 89 (88.1%, 89/101) patients were followed for a median of 12.6 ± 1.6 months. The overall postoperative complication rates of the laser, needle, and QF fenestration groups were 3.3%, 6.5%, and 0% (p > 0.05): In the laser fenestration group, there was one death due to postoperative ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; in the needle fenestration group, one patient developed occlusion of the bridge stent; no complications occurred in the QF group.

Conclusion

All three fenestration methods were effective in reconstructing supra-arch artery during TEVAR. QF fenestration required less contrast agent, with a shorter surgery duration and fewer complications than laser and needle fenestration.
Predictors of permanent pacemaker implantation in aortic valve diseases after TAVI with vitaFlow liberty system
Authors: Ju Changlin , Xie Xiangrong , Tang Shengxin , Cao Shiping
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) is a known complication in patients with aortic stenosis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, there is limited research on TAVI for pure aortic regurgitation (PAR), and more investigation is needed to determine the occurrence of postoperative cardiac conduction block and the need for PPI in this population. Therefore, this retrospective analysis aimed to evaluate the incidence of cardiac conduction block and the necessity of PPI after TAVI in patients with different types of aortic valve disease, including pure aortic stenosis (PAS), aortic stenosis with regurgitation (ASR), and PAR.

Methods

Clinical data of 100 patients who TAVI were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence of conduction block was assessed, and clinical factors were examined to predict the necessity of PPI.

Results

Cardiac conduction block was found to be a common complication following TAVI, particularly in patients with PAR. PAR was identified as an independent risk factor for requiring PPI. Additionally, first-degree atrioventricular block emerged as a sensitive predictor for PPI in patients with PAR.

Discussion

These findings provide valuable insights into the safety and effectiveness of TAVI, which can help enhance patient management and reduce complications.
Performance of beginning teachers in the licensure examination for teachers: a national study
Authors: Abao Ethel L. , Petancio Jo Ann M. , Sanchez Joje Mar P. , Sumalinog Gino G.
Published: September 2023

The study explored the performances of teacher education graduates in the licensure examination for teachers (LET). The descriptive-comparative research was conducted through a survey questionnaire administered online to 2,780 beginning teachers across the 16 regions in the Philippines. The findings of this study revealed that the graduates in Elementary Education (BEEd) and Secondary Education (BSEd) had satisfactory LET performances from 2017 to 2019. The comparative analysis found that these LET performances significantly vary in their examination year, degree program, specializations, examination components, locale, and type of higher education institution. Furthermore, the performance of graduates in the LET examination could be attributed to their test-taking time, college preparation, and grade point average. Hence, the graduates’ satisfactory performances and significant impact on college preparation show that teacher education institutions have aligned their offerings to the standards set by the country’s higher education and licensure system. Strengthening curricular enhancement programs, reinforcing constructive alignment, and intensifying retention policy and mentoring practices were recommended.
Transcriptional signature of islet neogenesis-associated protein peptide-treated rat pancreatic islets reveals induction of novel long non-coding RNAs
Authors: Romero Agustín , Heidenreich Ana C. , Román Carolina L. , Algañarás Macarena , Nazer Ezequiel , Gagliardino Juan J. , Maiztegui Bárbara , Flores Luis E. , Rodríguez-Seguí Santiago A.
Published: September 2023

Background

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with loss of β-cell function and mass. An attractive therapeutic approach to treat patients with diabetes in a non-invasive way is to harness the innate regenerative potential of the pancreas. The Islet Neogenesis-Associated Protein pentadecapeptide (INGAP-PP) has been shown to induce β-cell regeneration and improve their function in rodents. To investigate its possible mechanism of action, we report here the global transcriptional effects induced by the short-term INGAP-PP in vitro treatment of adult rat pancreatic islets.

Methods and findings

Rat pancreatic islets were cultured in vitro in the presence of INGAP-PP for 4 days, and RNA-seq was generated from triplicate treated and control islet samples. We performed a de novo rat gene annotation based on the alignment of RNA-seq reads. The list of INGAP-PP-regulated genes was integrated with epigenomic data. Using the new gene annotation generated in this work, we quantified RNA-seq data profiled in INS-1 cells treated with IL1β, IL1β+Calcipotriol (a vitamin D agonist) or vehicle, and single-cell RNA-seq data profiled in rat pancreatic islets. We found 1,669 differentially expressed genes by INGAP-PP treatment, including dozens of previously unannotated rat transcripts. Genes differentially expressed by the INGAP-PP treatment included a subset of upregulated transcripts that are associated with vitamin D receptor activation. Supported by epigenomic and single-cell RNA-seq data, we identified 9 previously unannotated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) upregulated by INGAP-PP, some of which are also differentially regulated by IL1β and vitamin D in β-cells. These include Ri-lnc1, which is enriched in mature β-cells.

Conclusions

Our results reveal the transcriptional program that could explain the enhancement of INGAP-PP-mediated physiological effects on β-cell mass and function. We identified novel lncRNAs that are induced by INGAP-PP in rat islets, some of which are selectively expressed in pancreatic β-cells and downregulated by IL1β treatment of INS-1 cells. Our results suggest a relevant function for Ri-lnc1 in β-cells. These findings are expected to provide the basis for a deeper understanding of islet translational results from rodents to humans, with the ultimate goal of designing new therapies for people with diabetes.
Enhancing the benefit of slide steering drilling systems in horizontal wells of unconventional reservoirs
Authors: Chu Hengzhi , Xiong Chao , Hu Kaili , Guo Yong , Shi Yucai , Zhang Bo
Published: September 2023

The slide steering drilling system consisting of a bent positive displacement motor (PDM) and measurement while drilling (MWD) system is widely used to continuously implement all wellpath control operations by alternately applying the slide and compound drilling modes. Due to the large friction force on the drilling string during slide drilling in the horizontal section, there is a significant adverse impact on both the drilling speed and horizontal extension ability. To efficiently and economically drill long horizontal sections, it is essential to increase the compound drilling proportion and decrease the alternative times of the two drilling modes. According to the features of wavy or tortuous horizontal sections and wellpath calculation models, a prediction and control method for the compound drilling proportion of horizontal sections is first established, and subsequently, its influencing factors and laws are analyzed and verified using an example. Theoretical research and drilling practice have shown that the compound drilling proportion of the horizontal section depends on the build-up rate of slide drilling and the inclination and azimuth change rates of compound drilling and is independent of the target area parameters and wellpath fluctuation ratio. In order to increase the compound drilling proportion and reduce the slide drilling frequency in the horizontal section, it is necessary to increase the build-up rate of slide drilling properly and reduce the inclination and azimuth change rates of compound drilling to the greatest extent. This paper is helpful to enhance the benefit of slide steering drilling systems in horizontal wells of unconventional reservoirs.
Effect of weakening characteristics of mechanical properties of granite under the action of liquid nitrogen
Authors: Wang Linchao , Zhang Wan , Cao Zhengzheng , Xue Yi , Liu Jianqiang , Zhou Yang , Duan Chenyang , Chen Tong
Published: September 2023

Liquid nitrogen fracturing and hot dry rock geothermal development are both emerging technologies in the field of energy. However, during the extraction of geothermal energy, it can cause the evolution of geological fractures, leading to the diffusion of groundwater and pollutants, thereby causing environmental pollution issues. Currently, geothermal energy has become a focal point in the global development of renewable energy. However, traditional hydraulic fracturing methods used in harnessing geothermal resources suffer from limitations such as limited fracture creation, uncertain initiation points, and environmental pollution. In contrast, liquid nitrogen has emerged as a promising reservoir stimulation technique, exhibiting significant effects on rock fracturing. In this study, we conducted three-point bending tests on granite samples subjected to liquid nitrogen treatment at temperatures of 300°C, with varying numbers of cooling cycles. Changes in fundamental mechanical parameters were analyzed. Additionally, through acoustic emission monitoring, we studied the variations in characteristic parameters of acoustic emissions under different cooling cycle conditions. Furthermore, based on the theory of energy evolution, we analyzed the energy evolution process during sample failure under different cooling cycle conditions. Using a compact scanning electron microscope, we observed changes in the microstructure of granite and analyzed the influence of cooling treatment on its surface characteristics and failure modes, thereby revealing the thermal damage process of granite. Moreover, by employing a non-metallic ultrasonic testing analyzer, we scanned the fracture surface morphology of granite and investigated the variations in fracture surface morphology features and surface roughness parameters caused by cooling treatment. The results indicate that liquid nitrogen cooling treatment can more effectively reduce the mechanical properties of rocks, and this effect is further enhanced at high temperatures. Under the condition of 300°C, after undergoing different cycles of liquid nitrogen cooling, granite will exhibit a more diverse macroscopic and microscopic structural failure characteristics, consistent with the expected formation of fluid flow channels in high-temperature rock formations.
Unraveling TIMP1: a multifaceted biomarker in colorectal cancer
Authors: Qiu Xiaode , Quan Guangqian , Ou Wenquan , Wang Pengfei , Huang Xing , Li Xinhua , Shen Yufan , Yang Weifeng , Wang Jian , Wu Xiaohua
Published: September 2023

Background: The pathogenic genes of colorectal cancer (CRC) have not yet been fully elucidated, and there is currently a lack of effective therapeutic targets. This study used bioinformatics methods to explore and experimentally validate the most valuable biomarkers for colorectal cancer and further investigate their potential as targets.

Methods: We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset and screened out hub genes. ROC curve and univariate Cox analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset revealed the most diagnostically and prognostically valuable genes. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) experiments were then conducted to validate the expression level of these selected genes in colorectal cancer. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to evaluate the enriched signaling pathways associated with the gene. Using the CIBERSORT algorithm in R software, we analyzed the immune infiltrating cell abundance in both high and low gene expression groups and examined the gene’s correlation with immune cells and immune checkpoints. Additionally, we performed drug sensitivity analysis utilizing the DepMap database, and explored the correlation between gene expression levels and ferroptosis based on the The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset.

Results: The study identified a total of 159 DEGs, including 7 hub genes: SPP1, MMP1, CXCL8, CXCL1, TIMP1, MMP3, and CXCL10. Further analysis revealed TIMP1 as the most valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer, with IHC experiments verifying its high expression. Additionally, GSEA results showed that the high TIMP1 expression group was involved in many cancer signaling pathways. Analysis of the TCGA database revealed a positive correlation between TIMP1 expression and infiltration of macrophages (M0, M1, M2) and neutrophils, as well as the expression of immune checkpoint genes, including CTLA-4 and HAVCR2. Drug sensitivity analysis, conducted using the DepMap database, revealed that colorectal cancer cell lines exhibiting elevated levels of TIMP1 expression were more responsive to certain drugs, such as CC-90003, Pitavastatin, Atuveciclib, and CT7001, compared to those with low levels of TIMP1. Furthermore, TIMP1 expression was positively correlated with that of ferroptosis-related genes, such as GPX4 and HSPA5.

Conclusion: TIMP1 can be used as a biomarker for colorectal cancer and is associated with the immunological microenvironment, drug sensitivity, and ferroptosis inhibition in this disease.
Advances in pathogenesis and treatment of ocular involvement in Behcet’s disease
Authors: Lin Suibin , Xu Zhirong , Lin Zhiming , Xie Baozhao , Feng Junmei
Published: September 2023

Behcet’s disease (BD) is a chronic multi-systemic disease characterized by relapsing-remitting oral ulcers, genital ulcers, ocular inflammatory involvements, and numerous other systemic features. Ocular involvements are quite common in BD and may cause severe tissue damage and potentially blindness. Even though the pathogenesis of BD remains ambiguous, growing evidences have shown that genetic factors, environmental triggers and immunological abnormalities play significant roles in its development and progression. Novel biotherapies targeting IFN-γ, TNF-α and interleukins have been used in recent years. In this review, we mainly pay attention to the ocular involvement of BD, and discuss the current understanding of mechanisms and advances in therapeutic approaches, especially novel biologics. Finally, we discuss the management in patients with pregnancy.
Identification of specific prognostic markers for lung squamous cell carcinoma based on tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index
Authors: Wu Rihan , Ma Ru , Duan Xiaojun , Zhang Jiandong , Li Kexin , Yu Lei , Zhang Mingyang , Liu Pengxia , Wang Changshan
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a unique subform of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The lack of specific driver genes as therapeutic targets leads to worse prognoses in patients with LUSC, even with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, research on the LUSC-specific prognosis genes is lacking. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive LUSC-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) signature for prognosis correlated with tumor progression, immune infiltration,and stem index.

Methods

RNA sequencing data for LUSC and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data portal, and DEGs analyses were conducted in TCGA-LUSC and TCGA-LUAD cohorts to identify specific DEGs associated with LUSC. Functional analysis and protein–protein interaction network were performed to annotate the roles of LUSC-specific DEGs and select the top 100 LUSC-specific DEGs. Univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses were performed to select prognosis-related DEGs.

Results

Overall, 1,604 LUSC-specific DEGs were obtained, and a validated seven-gene signature was constructed comprising FGG, C3, FGA, JUN, CST3, CPSF4, and HIST1H2BH. FGG, C3, FGA, JUN, and CST3 were correlated with poor LUSC prognosis, whereas CPSF4 and HIST1H2BH were potential positive prognosis markers in patients with LUSC. Receiver operating characteristic analysis further confirmed that the genetic profile could accurately estimate the overall survival of LUSC patients. Analysis of immune infiltration demonstrated that the high risk (HR) LUSC patients exhibited accelerated tumor infiltration, relative to low risk (LR) LUSC patients. Molecular expressions of immune checkpoint genes differed significantly between the HR and LR cohorts. A ceRNA network containing 19 lncRNAs, 50 miRNAs, and 7 prognostic DEGs was constructed to demonstrate the prognostic value of novel biomarkers of LUSC-specific DEGs based on tumor progression, stemindex, and immune infiltration. In vitro experimental models confirmed that LUSC-specific DEG FGG expression was significantly higher in tumor cells and correlated with immune tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index. In vitro experimental models confirmed that LUSC-specific DEG FGG expression was significantly higher in tumor cells and correlated with immune tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated the potential clinical implication of the 7- DEGs signature for prognosis prediction of LUSC patients based on tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index. And the FGG could be an independent prognostic biomarker of LUSC promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, THP-1 cell infiltration, and stem cell maintenance.
Hatchery seed production of flat oysters from the Mar Menor lagoon
Authors: Hernandis Sebastián , da Costa Fiz , Hernández-Contreras Ángel , Albentosa Marina
Published: September 2023

The Mar Menor lagoon (SE Spain) suffers a severe eutrophication process aggravated since the collapse of the lagoon in 2016. Together with it, the populations of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis have been decimated in the lagoon, but also in the European seas, where the species and the habitats provided by it have mainly disappeared. The Mar Menor Oyster Initiative’s main objectives are gaining knowledge on the nutrient extraction capability of the Mar Menor flat oyster and developing the required tools for restoration and bioextraction actions. The project RemediOS, within the framework of the Mar Menor Oyster Initiative, aims to obtain flat oyster seed using the decimated local broodstock to provide the initiative with an oyster population to work with. The present work describes the results of the first attempt of Mar Menor local broodstock reproduction in captivity. Larvae produced in the hatchery accounted for 57.5 million, of which 11.8 million were cultured and 0.68 million survived to settlement and metamorphosis.
Study on induction hardening performance of 34CrNi3MoA steel crankshaft
Authors: Shi Xiaona , Lv Chenghao , Li Guochao , Wang Kelong , Chen Jianzhi , Tang Jie
Published: September 2023

The evolution of the temperature field, microstructure field, and residual stress field of a 34CrNi3MoA steel marine diesel engine crankshaft during medium-frequency induction hardening was studied based on an electromagnetic-thermal-transformation-stress coupled numerical model, which considers the effect of internal stress induced by transformation induced plasticity on residual stress. Using the equal conversion rate method, the austenitizing region of the crankshaft was determined during the induction heating stage. In the quenching stage, the parameters of the phase transformation model are derived from the continuous heating expansion curve and the continuous cooling transformation curve, and the phase transformation kinetics equation is used to analyze the phase transformation process of the crankshaft. The results indicate that extending the heating time can enhance the uniformity of the surface temperature of the crankshaft and the thickness of the hardened layer. The simulation results are validated by measurements of hardened layer, hardness and residual stress, and the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Cell-permeable peptide nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotide platform targeting human betacoronaviruses
Authors: Park Soree , Kim Seong Ho , Dezhbord Mehrangiz , Lee Eun-Hwi , Jeon Yeasel , Jung Daram , Gu Se Hun , Yu Chiho , Lee Seung Ho , Kim Sung Chun , Kim Kyun-Hwan
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) with therapeutic potential have recently been reported to target the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs)-based ASOs have been regarded as promising drug candidates, but intracellular delivery has been a significant obstacle. Here, we present novel modified PNAs, termed OPNAs, with excellent cell permeability that disrupt the RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 by introducing cationic lipid moiety onto the nucleobase of PNA oligomer backbone.

Methods

HCT-8 cells and Caco-2 cells were treated with 1 μM antisense OPNAs at the time of viral challenge and the Viral RNA levels were measured by RT-qPCR three days post infection.

Results

NSP 14 targeting OPNA 5 and 11, reduced the viral titer to a half and OPNA 530, 531 and 533 lowered viral gene expression levels to less than 50% of control by targeting the 5’ UTR region. Several modifications (oligo size and position, etc.) were introduced to enhance the efficacy of selected OPNAs. Improved OPNAs exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in viral replication and nucleoprotein (NP) protein. When a mixture of oligomers was applied to infected cells, viral titer and NP levels decreased by more than eightfold.

Discussion

In this study, we have developed a modified PNA ASO platform with exceptional chemical stability, high binding affinity, and cellular permeability. These findings indicate that OPNAs are a promising platform for the development of antivirals to combat future pandemic viral infections that do not require a carrier.
Repurposing of statins for Buruli Ulcer treatment: antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium ulcerans
Authors: Dominguez Juan , Mendes Ana I. , Pacheco Ana R. , Peixoto Maria J. , Pedrosa Jorge , Fraga Alexandra G.
Published: September 2023

Mycobacterium ulcerans causes Buruli Ulcer, a neglected infectious skin disease that typically progresses from an early non-ulcerative lesion to an ulcer with undermined edges. If not promptly treated, these lesions can lead to severe disfigurement and disability. The standard antibiotic regimen for Buruli Ulcer treatment has been oral rifampicin combined with intramuscular streptomycin administered daily for 8 weeks. However, there has been a recent shift toward replacing streptomycin with oral clarithromycin. Despite the advantages of this antibiotic regimen, it is limited by low compliance, associated side effects, and refractory efficacy for severe ulcerative lesions. Therefore, new drug candidates with a safer pharmacological spectrum and easier mode of administration are needed. Statins are lipid-lowering drugs broadly used for dyslipidemia treatment but have also been reported to have several pleiotropic effects, including antimicrobial activity against fungi, parasites, and bacteria. In the present study, we tested the susceptibility of M. ulcerans to several statins, namely atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin and fluvastatin. Using broth microdilution assays and cultures of M. ulcerans-infected macrophages, we found that atorvastatin, simvastatin and fluvastatin had antimicrobial activity against M. ulcerans. Furthermore, when using the in vitro checkerboard assay, the combinatory additive effect of atorvastatin and fluvastatin with the standard antibiotics used for Buruli Ulcer treatment highlighted the potential of statins as adjuvant drugs. In conclusion, statins hold promise as potential treatment options for Buruli Ulcer. Further studies are necessary to validate their effectiveness and understand the mechanism of action of statins against M. ulcerans.
Computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation in neurological patients: state-of-art and future perspectives
Authors: Maggio Maria Grazia , De Bartolo Daniela , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore , Ciancarelli Irene , Cerasa Antonio , Tonin Paolo , Di Iulio Fulvia , Paolucci Stefano , Antonucci Gabriella , Morone Giovanni , Iosa Marco
Published: September 2023

Background and aim

Advances in computing technology enabled researchers and clinicians to exploit technological devices for cognitive training and rehabilitation interventions. This expert review aims to describe the available software and device used for cognitive training or rehabilitation interventions of patients with neurological disorders.

Methods

A scoping review was carried out to analyze commercial devices/software for computerized cognitive training (CCT) in terms of feasibility and efficacy in both clinical and home settings. Several cognitive domains responding to the different patients’ needs are covered.

Results

This review showed that cognitive training for patients with neurological diseases is largely covered by several devices that are widely used and validated in the hospital setting but with few translations to remote/home applications. It has been demonstrated that technology and software-based devices are potential and valuable tools to administer remotely cognitive rehabilitation with accessible costs.

Conclusion

According to our results, CCT entails the possibility to continue cognitive training also in different settings, such as home, which is a significant breakthrough for the improvement of community care. Other possible areas of use should be the increase in the amount of cognitive therapy in the free time during the hospital stay.
Current role of portable MRI in diagnosis of acute neurological conditions
Authors: Shoghli Arya , Chow Daniel , Kuoy Edward , Yaghmai Vahid
Published: September 2023

Neuroimaging is an inevitable component of the assessment of neurological emergencies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for detecting neurological pathologies and provides higher sensitivity than other modalities. However, difficulties such as intra-hospital transport, long exam times, and availability in strict access-controlled suites limit its utility in emergency departments and intensive care units (ICUs). The evolution of novel imaging technologies over the past decades has led to the development of portable MRI (pMRI) machines that can be deployed at point-of-care. This article reviews pMRI technologies and their clinical implications in acute neurological conditions. Benefits of pMRI include timely and accurate detection of major acute neurological pathologies such as stroke and intracranial hemorrhage. Additionally, pMRI can be potentially used to monitor the progression of neurological complications by facilitating serial measurements at the bedside.
EFF_D_SVM: a robust multi-type brain tumor classification system
Authors: Zhang Jincan , Tan Xinghua , Chen Wenna , Du Ganqin , Fu Qizhi , Zhang Hongri , Jiang Hongwei
Published: September 2023

Brain tumors are one of the most threatening diseases to human health. Accurate identification of the type of brain tumor is essential for patients and doctors. An automated brain tumor diagnosis system based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can help doctors to identify the type of tumor and reduce their workload, so it is vital to improve the performance of such systems. Due to the challenge of collecting sufficient data on brain tumors, utilizing pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models for brain tumors classification is a feasible approach. The study proposes a novel brain tumor classification system, called EFF_D_SVM, which is developed on the basic of pre-trained EfficientNetB0 model. Firstly, a new feature extraction module EFF_D was proposed, in which the classification layer of EfficientNetB0 was replaced with two dropout layers and two dense layers. Secondly, the EFF_D model was fine-tuned using Softmax, and then features of brain tumor images were extracted using the fine-tuned EFF_D. Finally, the features were classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM). In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed brain tumor classification system, a series of comparative experiments were carried out. Moreover, to understand the extracted features of the brain tumor images, Grad-CAM technology was used to visualize the proposed model. Furthermore, cross-validation was conducted to verify the robustness of the proposed model. The evaluation metrics including accuracy, F1-score, recall, and precision were used to evaluate proposed system performance. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model is superior to other state-of-the-art models.