bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMILIO GABBA E L’ANTICHITÀ NEL SETTECENTO
Authors: Cambiano Giuseppe
Published: October 2018

According to Gabba, the ancient literary texts were essential evidence for the modern historian of antiquity, because they provided a view on how the ancients themselves interpreted their historical reality. But, following the steps of Benedetto Croce and Arnaldo Momigliano, he judged equally essential the history of modern historiography and, more generally, of modern reflections on ancient societies. For this reason the Eighteenth-century appeared to Gabba as particularly relevant, because in this century the reflections on antiquity were strictly and vitally connected to political, social and economic problems of the present, particularly during the American Revolution. Gabba wrote therefore a series of essays on the discussions developed in this century about colonies, federalism and commerce between ancient and moderns and on outstanding intellectuals such as Adam Ferguson and John Adams. For this emphasis on political and economic problems Gabba distinguished himself from the perspective of Momigliano, more interested in questions of historical methods and antiquarianism, and connected much closer to the enquiries of Franco Venturi on European enlightenment.
LA RICERCA INDIPENDENTE IN ITALIA A 5 ANNI DAL DECRETO SUGLI STUDI “NON PROFIT”
Authors: Gussoni Guest-Editors: Gualberto , Nardi Roberto , Tomino Carlo
Published: October 2018

ATTI DEL CONVEGNO NAZIONALE:LA RICERCA INDIPENDENTE IN ITALIA A 5 ANNI DAL DECRETO SUGLI STUDI “NON PROFIT” 3-4 Marzo 2010 Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma
Abstract Book of the XVI Congresso Nazionale FADOI - Firenze, 15-18 Maggio 2011
Authors: Editors The
Published: October 2018

Abstract Book of the XVI Congresso Nazionale FADOI - Firenze, 15-18 Maggio 2011
New data on taxonomy and systematics of the genus Diamesa Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from Tien Shan and Pamir Mountains, with description of two new species
Authors: Makarchenko Eugenyi A. , Semenchenko Alexander A. , Palatov Dmitry M.
Published: October 2018

An illustrated morphological description of two new species of the genus Diamesa Meigen, 1835 are provided from Tien Shan and Pamir mountains: D. akhrorovi sp. nov., as male adult; D. alibaevae sp. nov., as male adult and pupa. DNA barcoding results of the two new described species with comparative database on some related Diamesa species are also given. The two new described species key both near D. planistyla Reiss, 1968, which was known from Nepal and redescribed here from Tian Shan. The diversity of Diamesa genus using three mitochondrial (COI, COII, 16S rRNA), two nuclear (18S rRNA, EF-1a) markers and estimating phylogenetic relationships is also highlighted. Six of the studied Diamesa species including D. akhrorovi sp. nov. and D. alibaevae sp. nov. represent a well-supported monophyletic clades with high Bayesian posterior probability, while D. cinerella Meigen and D. hamaticornis Kieffer have a lower interspecific sequence divergence.
National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Facilitating Work-Life Balance in Athletic Training Practice Settings
Authors: Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Pitney William A. , Goodman Ashley , Eason Christianne M. , Spak Scott , Scriber Kent C. , Voll Craig A. , Detwiler Kimberly , Rock John , Cooper Larry , Simone Erica
Published: October 2018

Objective: 

To illustrate the concept of work-life balance and those factors that influence it and to provide recommendations to facilitate work-life balance in athletic training practice settings. To present the athletic trainer with information regarding work-life balance, including those factors that negatively and positively affect it within the profession.

Background: 

Concerns for work-life balance have been growing within the health care sector, especially in athletic training, as it is continuously linked to professional commitment, burnout, job satisfaction, and career longevity. The term work-life balance reflects those practices used to facilitate the successful fulfillment of the responsibilities associated with all roles one may assume, including those of a parent, spouse, partner, friend, and employee. A host of organizational and individual factors (eg, hours worked, travel demands, flexibility of work schedules, relationship status, family values) negatively influence the fulfillment of work-life balance for the athletic trainer, but practical strategies are available to help improve work-life balance, regardless of the practice setting.

Recommendations: 

This position statement is charged with distributing information on work-life balance for athletic trainers working in a variety of employment settings. Recommendations include a blend of organizational and personal strategies designed to promote work-life balance. Establishing work-life balance requires organizations to have formal policies that are supported at the departmental and personal level, in addition to informal policies that reflect the organizational climate of the workplace. Individuals are also encouraged to consider their needs and responsibilities in order to determine which personal strategies will aid them in attaining work-life balance.
Estádio inicial da regeneração natural de espécies arbóreas em área alterada no Estado do Amazonas
Authors: Nogueira Wanda Lemos Paixão , Ferreira Marciel José , Martins Narrúbia Oliveira De Almeida
Published: October 2018

O melhor entendimento da composição florística e estrutura da regeneração natural, em diferentes tipos de distúrbio, é fundamental para identificar o grau de recuperação da área e possíveis intervenções silviculturais a serem eventualmente adotadas para acelerar o processo de sucessão florestal. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar a regeneração natural de 0,4 ha em processo de recuperação natural na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal do Amazonas na expectativa de identificar o potencial da condução da regeneração para a recuperação da área. Foram estabelecidas cinco parcelas de 15 m x 9 m e amostradas as plântulas e os indivíduos arbóreos jovens com altura superior a 10 cm. Foram registrados 148 indivíduos pertencentes a oito famílias botânicas, nove gêneros e 13 espécies arbóreas. Após 14 meses sem interferências, a área foi dominada por espécies do gênero Vismia, as quais se destacaram em grande parte nos parâmetros estruturais (densidade, dominância, frequência, valores de importância e cobertura). O sítio estudado possui regeneração natural com baixa diversidade florística, dominada por indivíduos de espécies predominantemente pioneiras, que pode estar associado ao uso anterior com cultivo agrícola, ao pequeno intervalo de tempo sem interfência e à forte competição com espécies de plantas daninhas.
The Fundamentals of Marketing
Authors: Russell Edward
Published: October 2018

This book describes how marketing organizations successfully move from product concept to the creation of a successful brand, and explains the key tools used to develop branding. It introduces selling theories and the principles of consumer behaviour, and documents the creation and development of brands using real-world examples. It goes on to explain strategic pricing, methods of distribution, market research, strategic thinking and the promotion of these brands through advertising.

The Fundamentals of Marketing is fully illustrated with up-to-the-minute examples and case studies, including Amazon, Bling H20 and Tap'd NY, Petstages, Red Bull and Wal-Mart.
The Fundamentals of Animation
Authors: Wells Paul , Moore Samantha
Published: October 2018

Packed with examples from classic and contemporary films, The Fundamentals of Animation presents each stage of the animation production process in an engaging visual style, whilst providing an historical and critical context for four core disciplines: drawn/cel; 2D/3D stop-motion; computer generated; and experimental animation.

With insightful commentary from leading animators, Wells and Moore also introduce you to the many different career paths open to aspiring animators, from storyboard artist or character designer to VFX artist or writer and director. They also provide you with key tips on producing engaging portfolios and show reels.
Near-surface and path-averaged mixing ratios of NO2 derived from car DOAS zenith-sky and tower DOAS off-axis measurements in Vienna: a case study
Authors: Schreier Stefan F. , Richter Andreas , Burrows John P.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), produced as a result of fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning, lightning, and soil emissions, is a key urban and rural tropospheric pollutant. In this case study, ground-based remote sensing has been coupled with the in situ network in Vienna, Austria, to investigate NO2 distributions in the planetary boundary layer. Near-surface and path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios within the metropolitan area of Vienna are estimated from car DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) zenith-sky and tower DOAS horizon observations. The latter configuration is innovative in the sense that it obtains horizontal measurements at more than hundred different azimuthal angles – within a 360° rotation taking less than half an hour. Spectral measurements were made with a DOAS instrument on nine days in April, September, October, and November 2015 in the zenith-sky mode and on five days in April and May 2016 in the off-axis mode. The analysis of tropospheric NO2 columns from the car measurements and O4 normalized NO2 path averages from the tower observations provide interesting insights into the spatial and temporal NO2 distribution over Vienna. Integrated column amounts of NO2 from both DOAS-type measurements are converted into mixing ratios by different methods. The estimation of near-surface NO2 mixing ratios from car DOAS tropospheric NO2 vertical columns is based on a linear regression analysis including mixing-height and other meteorological parameters that affect the dilution and reactivity in the planetary boundary layer – a new approach for such conversion. Path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios are calculated from tower DOAS NO2 slant column densities by taking into account topography and geometry. Overall, lap averages of near-surface NO2 mixing ratios obtained from car DOAS zenith-sky measurements, around a circuit in Vienna, are in the range of 3.8 to 26.2 ppb and in good agreement with values obtained from in situ NO2 measurements for days with wind from the Southeast. Path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios at 160 m above the ground as derived from the tower DOAS measurements are between 2.5 and 9 ppb on two selected days with different wind conditions and pollution levels and show similar spatial distribution as seen in the car DOAS zenith-sky observations. We conclude that the application of the two methods to obtain near-surface and path-averaged NO2 mixing ratios is promising for this case study.
Satellite-derived emissions of carbon monoxide, ammonia, and nitrogen dioxide from the 2016 Horse River wildfire in the Fort McMurray area
Authors: Adams Cristen , McLinden Chris A. , Shephard Mark W. , Dickson Nolan , Dammers Enrico , Chen Jack , Makar Paul , Cady-Pereira Karen E. , Tam Naomi , Kharol Shailesh K. , Lamsal Lok N. , Krotkov Nickolay A.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. In May 2016, the Horse River wildfire led to the evacuation of ~ 88,000 people from Fort McMurray and surrounding areas and consumed ~ 590,000 ha of land in Northern Alberta and Saskatchewan. Within the plume, satellite instruments measured elevated values of CO, NH3 and NO2: CO was measured by two Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometers (IASI-A and IASI-B), NH3 by IASI-A, IASI-B and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), and NO2 by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Daily emissions rates were calculated from the satellite measurements using fire hotspot information from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and wind information from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis, combined with assumptions on lifetimes and the altitude range of the plume. The satellite-derived emissions rates were ~ 50–300 kt/d for CO, ~ 1–7 kt/d for NH3, ~ 0.5–2 kt/d for NOx (expressed as NO) during the most active fire periods. The daily satellite-derived emissions estimates were found to correlate fairly well (R ~ 0.4–0.7) with daily output from the ECMWF Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) and the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) FireWork models, with agreement within a factor of two for most comparisons. Emission ratios of NH3 / CO, NOx / CO, and NOx / NH3 were calculated and compared against enhancement ratios of surface concentrations measured at permanent surface air monitoring stations and by the Alberta Environment and Parks Mobile Air Monitoring Laboratory (MAML). For NH3 / CO, the satellite emission ratios of ~ 0.02 are within a factor of two of the model emission ratios and surface enhancement ratios. For NOx / CO satellite-measured emission ratios of ~ 0.01 are lower than the modelled emission ratios of 0.033 for GFAS and 0.014 for FireWork, but are larger than the surface enhancement ratios of ~ 0.03, which may have been affected by the short lifetime of NOx. Total emissions from the Horse River fire for May 2016 were calculated and compared against total annual anthropogenic emissions for the province of Alberta in 2015 from the ECCC Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (APEI). Satellite-measured emissions of CO are ~ 1500 kt for the Horse River fire and exceed the total annual Alberta anthropogenic CO emissions of 1037 kt for 2015. The satellite-measured emissions during the Horse River fire of ~ 30 kt of NH3 and ~ 7 kt of NOx (expressed as NO), are approximately 20 % and 1 % of the magnitude of total annual Alberta anthropogenic emissions, respectively.
Calibration of a Water Vapour Lidar using a Radiosonde Trajectory
Method
Authors: Hicks-Jalali Shannon , Sica Robert J. , Haefele Alexander , Martucci Giovanni
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Lidars are well-suited for trend measurements in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, particularly for species such as water vapour. Trend determinations require frequent, accurate and well-characterized measurements. However, water vapour Raman lidars produce a relative measurement and require calibration in order to transform the measurement into physical units. Typically, the calibration is done using a reference instrument such as a radiosonde. We present an improved trajectory technique to calibrate water vapour Raman lidars based on the previous work of Whiteman et al. (2006), Leblanc and Mcdermid (2008), and Adam et al. (2010) who used radiosondes as an external calibration source, and matched the lidar measurements to the corresponding radiosonde measurement. However, they did not consider the movement of the radiosonde. As calibrations can be affected by a lack of co-location with the reference instrument, we have attempted to improve their technique by tracking the air parcels measured by the radiosonde relative to the field-of-view of the lidar. This study uses GCOS Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN) Vaisala RS92 radiosonde measurements and lidar measurements from the MeteoSwiss RAman Lidar for Meteorological Observation (RALMO), located in Payerne, Switzerland to demonstrate this improved calibration technique. We compare this technique to traditional radiosonde-lidar calibration techniques which do not involve tracking the radiosonde. Both traditional and our trajectory methods produce similar profiles when the water vapour field is homogeneous over the 30 min calibration period. We show that the trajectory method more accurately reproduces the radiosonde profile when the water vapour field is not homogeneous over a 30 min calibration period. We also calculate a calibration uncertainty budget that can be performed on a nightly basis. We include the contribution of the radiosonde measurement uncertainties to the total calibration uncertainty, and show that on average the uncertainty contribution from the radiosonde is 4 %. We also calculate the uncertainty in the calibration due to the uncertainty in the lidar's counting system, caused by phototube paralyzation, and found it to be an average of 0.3 % for our system. This trajectory method allows a more accurate calibration of a lidar, even when non-co-located radiosondes are the only available calibration source, and also allows additional nights to be used for calibration that would otherwise be discarded due to variability in the water vapour profile.
The 4.2 cal ka BP Event in Northeastern China: A Geospatial Perspective
Authors: Scuderi Louis A. , Yang Xiaoping , Ascoli Samantha E. , Li Hongwei
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The Hunshandake Sandy Lands of northeastern China, currently a semi-arid lightly-vegetated region, were characterized by perennial lakes and forest stands in the early and middle Holocene. Well-developed dark grassland-type paleosols (mollisols) at the southern edge of the Hunshandake, OSL-dated to between 6.93 ± 0.61 and 4.27 ± 0.38 cal ka BP along with lacustrine sands in higher elevations that date to between 5.7 ± 0.3 and 5.2 ± 0.2 cal ka BP, and thick gray lacustrine sediments suggest a wetter climate. Between 4.2 and 3.8 cal ka BP the region experienced extreme drying that was exacerbated by headwater cutting of the overflow drainage that depleted the groundwater table through sapping. The region supported a robust population, the Hongshan Culture. The region depopulated post-4.2 cal ka BP and its people migrated out of the region, likely to the Yellow River Valley where they introduced their characteristic cultural elements to early Chinese civilization. Evidence for extreme and sudden environmental change in northeastern China, at and following the 4.2 cal ka BP event and like that we document in the Hunshandake, is widespread. However, no comprehensive overview exists. Here we discuss the relevant events in northeastern China and capture them in a spatially explicit Geographic Information Systems database that can be used to analyze the timing and spatial pattern of climate associated with the 4.2 cal ka BP event. This approach could serve as a prototype for a Global 4.2 cal ka BP event database.
Innovación y Música. Aprendiendo música a través de un flashmob
Authors: Cuellar-Moreno Maria , Cubas-Delgado Jose Antonio , Caballero-Julia Daniel
Published: October 2018

En este estudio se examina las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre los canales físico, cognitivo, social y emocional en las enseñanzas impartidas en el Conservatorio Superior de Música y durante la realización de un flashmob musical. Participaron en la investigación 43 estudiantes, utilizándose como instrumentos de medición Developmental Channels Questionnaire y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Aunque el Kruskal-Wallis no revela variación en las valoraciones de los estudiantes, las puntuaciones de frecuencia indican necesarias ambas formas de trabajo señalando la primera de ellas como posibilitadora de una base musical y la segunda como más divertida, motivante y promotora de autonomía y autoconfianza.
Problemas técnicos en iniciación al violín: un estudio exploratorio en el aula con alumnos preescolares de 4 y 5 años
Authors: Macián-González Roberto , Tejada Giménez Jesús
Published: October 2018

Conocer los errores técnicos de los alumnos en la enseñanza de la música puede ser de gran ayuda en la planificación de la enseñanza instrumental en sus fases iniciales. Esto es particularmente valioso en el trabajo con alumnado de 4-5 años. Este estudio explora esta cuestión mediante una Investigación-Acción realizada con 11 estudiantes voluntarios de dichas edades. A lo largo de 30 sesiones individuales de 30 minutos, se recogieron datos mediante observación participante realizada por el profesor en una Escuela Municipal de Música, comparándose dos aproximaciones didácticas de iniciación al violín. Una aproximación se centró en el manejo de la mano derecha (aproximación MD), introduciendo el manejo de los dedos de mano izquierda de forma gradual. La otra se centró en el estudio simultáneo de ambas manos (aproximación AM). Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias a favor de una u otra aproximación dependiendo del parámetro estudiado.
Leadership Ethics of Social Market Economy A Model to Identify and Cultivate Capability Freedom
Authors: Nass Elmar
Published: October 2018

A compendium to identify leadership ethics of social market economy will be introduced as a model. Theoretical concepts have to answer the question how to deal with the dualism of responsibility concerning efficiency and human targets in the management culture. They can be identified in four steps by means of principles and perspectives as a strong or weak leadership ethic of social market economy. Consequently, there is a recommendation with regard to its use.
The foundations of balanced regional development policy: The case of Tunisia
Authors: Labidi Mohamed Ali
Published: October 2018

Tunisian’s regional development policy has failed to reduce regional disparities and has been unable to support regions that are lagging behind economically. This has resulted in under-used economic potential andhigh social unrest. Understanding the regional development process requires a thorough knowledge of regional economic dynamics in terms of geographical distribution of economic activities. In the Tunisian context, regional development policies have not been up to the scale of the imbalance. Growing regional disparities and low density of economic activities in the interior regions of the country have raised an important question about the foundations of balanced regional development policy. The results indicate significant sectoral disparities between coastal and interior regions. Thus, this article outlines the role that public authorities can play in order to implement policies that correct spatial inequalities and assist regions that have been less favored by nature and history.
The Use and Efficacy of Correction Symbols in KFL Writing
Authors: Cho Myounghee
Published: October 2018

With an aim to make more effective use of correction symbols (CSs) as form of corrective feedback, this forum presents an action research that investigated both students' and teachers' practices of using CSs. The study found different patterns in students' attempts for error correction upon receiving CSs, and various challenges that the teacher encountered in using only CSs as corrective feedback. It was often the case that CSs were not clear or informative enough to students and an insufficient tool for the teacher. While showing the limitations of CSs in addressing errors of all types, the study suggests strategies for more constructive and effective use of CSs.
Tourism Companies and Their Role in Social Responsibility in Jordan
Authors: Alsarayreh Mohammad Nayef
Published: October 2018

The importance of social responsibility in tourism companies in Jordan, which has become indispensable because of the fact that it has become a topic of great interest as a result of its spread among the largest institutions in the world, is important.

The study concluded that the tourism companies give importance to the areas of social responsibility. The study concluded that the tourism companies develop the relationship with the workers in the tourism companies. The study concluded that the tourism companies are developing the relationship with the local community.

The study recommended that tourism companies' benefit from the experiences of their counterparts in the field of social responsibility, the study recommends that tourism companies implement social responsibility consistent with the sustainable development approach.
Whither Taiwan: Ilha Formosa or Ilha Devastada?
Authors: Dunn Samuel L. , Jensen Joshua D.
Published: October 2018

Taiwan, formerly known as ilha Formosa (the beautiful island), and officially known today as the Republic of China, is an island situated approximately 250 kilometers off the east coast of China. The Republic of China has a population of 23.5 million and boasts the largest economy of any non-member of the United Nations. The People’s Republic of China has continued to claim sovereignty over Taiwan, and refuses to engage in diplomatic relations with any nation that recognizes the Republic of China. United States policy toward Taiwan has been tentative and ambiguous, with inconsistent messages among various presidential administrations over the years. The question before the Republic of China and the People’s Republic of China, and indeed, the entire world, is whether the Republic of China should become an independent country, become a fully integrated part of the People’s Republic of China and come under the jurisdiction of Beijing, or continue to walk a middle road between these two alternatives. The authors propose that a date certain be set for reunification of Taiwan and China, and work begin to bring about an amenable resolution.
Principals’ Perception of Misconduct among Secondary School Teachers in Delta State: Implications for Counselling Practice
Authors: Onoyase Anna
Published: October 2018

This study investigated Principals’ Perception of misconduct among Secondary School teachers in Delta State. Four research questions and four hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The instrument used for collection of data was tagged “Principals’ Perception of Teachers Misconduct Questionnaire” (PPOTMQ). For content validity, the instrument was given to some lecturers in the Department of Guidance & Counselling who scrutinized it and made some corrections. The test-retest method of reliability was employed and the co-efficient of 0.72 was obtained. The sample consisted of 100 principals. The t-test statistics was employed to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results of the study revealed that absenteeism, lateness, truancy and poor quality teaching were perceived by principals as forms of misconduct in public secondary schools. Recommendations that were proffered include; monitoring teams should be put in place by school authorities to supervise teachers’ attendance in class as well as their teaching, inspectors from the Post-Primary Education Board should pay regular unscheduled visits to secondary schools to act as a check on teachers’ absenteeism.
Copula Modeling of Differential Effect of Leaf Species on Aedes albopictus Development Time
Authors: Kim Chang-Hyun , Muturi Ephantus J. , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: October 2018

Decaying leaves provide a major carbon source for mosquito larvae and leaf litter of different plant species vary in their ability to support mosquito growth, survival, and development. Thus analyzing the effects of leaf species treatment on development time of Aedes albopictus has the potential to discover a plant-based strategy for mosquito control. Here, we employ a statistical model named copula that provides a convenient methodology for modeling multivariate dependence to determine the association between leaf litter identify and mosquito performance. A copula that best fits the association of leaf litters on mosquito performance is selected, and statistical tests are performed to check the adequacy of the copula chosen. By computer-based Monte Carlo methods, a large number of simulated development times are generated under the copula chosen. From the simulated development times, we calculate the percentiles to determine expected development time of female Aedes albopictus under the five different leaf species treatments, and compared the results to those when all the effects of leaf infusion are combined.
Analysing the Impact of Managerial Ownership on the Performance of Shariah-Compliant Firms in Pakistan
Authors: K Katper Naveeda , Shaikh Sanober Salman , Anand Vivake , Ali Najma Imtiaz
Published: October 2018

This paper analyses the impact of managerial ownership upon firm performance in the Shariah-compliant firms of Pakistan. Agency theory that suggests involving managers as part of firm's ownership can help firms reduce the agency cost, has widely been applied in the corporate setup of conventional finance, however, there is growing need of academic research to find out the role and application of this theory in the Shariah-compliant organizations. All around the Muslim world, there is the rise of Shariah-compliant firms; however, little work has been done to critically evaluate such important concepts based on agency theory, it is, therefore, an optimistic approach to familiarise the idea of firm performance with the relationship of managerial ownership under Agency Theory in such organizations. In order to better understand the acceptability and adaptability of Agency Theory, the objective of this study is to examine the impact of managerial ownership upon firm performance in Shariah-compliant firms of Pakistan for the first time. This paper is based upon panel data and regression models applied to the sample of 68 Shariah-compliant firms listed on Pakistan’s Karachi Stock Exchange covering five years from 2009 to 2013. This paper tests the firm performance through two different dependent variables Tobin’s Q and ROA by regressing through OLS, Fixed effect (FE) and Random effect(RE) methods. Both models are proved empirically significant. The robust results confirm that managerial ownership (MO) has a positive and strong impact upon firm performance (Q)/ (ROA) in the Shariah-compliant firms of Pakistan. The outcomes may provide a good understanding and help in making a better decision regarding investment on the ethical grounds. It proves that more concentrated managerial ownership produces the higher firm profits. It can be also inferred that the increased proportion of managerial ownership tends to align with the interests of owners and thus help to reduce the agency conflict in our sample of Shariah-compliant firms in Pakistan. Moreover, Size (LNTA) has a positive relationship with firm performance (Q)/ (ROA) viewing that the Shariah-compliant firms depend on retained earnings. It may be due to the restricted criterion on the leverage for Shariah-compliant firms by the board of Shariah compliance. Leverage (DAR) is negatively and significantly correlated with profitability and growth (GROW) is positively and significantly correlated with firm performance (Q). In the developing and Muslim world, this study may reserve a unique place due to its virgin attempt and highlight the ignored aspect in the body of literature. These findings are of great benefit to investment managers, and Shariah cautious and other ethical investors regarding investment and portfolio related decisions.
Employee Satisfaction as per Working Environment in King Salaman Military Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alazab Khalid
Published: October 2018

In the current knowledge economy, it is important for organizations to utilise their resources in growing a favourable working environment for its employees. Development and sustenance of a reliable working environment is a prerequisite for a company to achieve effective growth and maximum productivity in the current era of cut throat competition. Job satisfaction is directly linked with a healthy work environment and researches have indicated the presence of several components in determining the job satisfaction rate for any employee. This research has used a cross–sectional descriptive design within the premises of King Salaman Military hospital in Tabuk. The data was collected through questionnaire from 139 employees of King Salaman Military hospital. The research has found that the overall satisfaction has a statistical relationship with gender and nationality whereas no statistical relationship was observed between nature of work and overall satisfaction, educational level, age group, and years of experience.
Contemporary threats to the state air defence system
Authors: Radomyski Adam , Materak Witold
Published: October 2018

The contents of this article are focused on presenting the results of research concerning
development of the means of air threat as a major determinant of changes in the
modernisation of the air defence system in Poland. In this regard, the authors emphasise
the role and means of air threat as a kind of pacemaker development of air defence systems.
In this article, the main area of scientific considerations are technical and tactical aspects
concerned with the evolution of manned and unmanned aircraft. The directions of their
development of combat capabilities and an estimate of their use in contemporary and
future battlefields against military objectives and non-military ones are covered. The article
has high educational value and highlights future threats to the state air defence system and
development trends in the twenty-first century.
Selected models of information warfare in cyberspace
Authors: Bielawski Radosław , Radomska Aleksandra
Published: October 2018

One form of activity in cyberspace is the information battle. One of the proposed definitions
will define it as a negative co–operation in the sphere of information acquisition, information
distortion and information defense, where each side of the action is subordinated to the
antagonistic side of the other. It leads to the achievement of political objectives and is
aimed at overthrowing the systems of the state responsible for the state of its security. It is
important that this condition is at a high, or at least acceptable, level. To ensure this level,
it is important to define cybersecurity fighting models that are adequate for the threats and
to determine their impact on the level of national security risk in cyberspace. Literature on
the subject contains many models of cyberwarfare information that have been shaped in
recent years. However, there is no assessment of the adequacy of these models for the risks
and risks associated with national security threats. It should be noted that information
security itself, as part of national security, is variable. New threats are emerging and, at
a very high rate and with high activity in cyberspace, they are capable of destabilising the
security of key state administration bodies, military facilities and other important state–
run infrastructures.

It should be emphasised that existing cyberspace fighting information models are not
universal and cannot be used for any type of threat to national security. They need to find,
organise and evaluate those that would be the most appropriate not only for national security threats but also for geopolitical determinants. Assumptions for the research and its
results are a noticeable increase in the number of cyberattacks, some of which are important
from the point of view of national security – the military system and critical infrastructure
elements of the state.

The following subject of the research was adopted in the article – models of information
fight, related to threats to national security coming from / to cyberspace. The purpose
of scientific research is to define models of information combat and to determine the
suitability and evaluation of these models for the purpose of evaluating the risks of national
security threats. Identifying the subject and objectives of the research led to a general
research question: What appropriate models of information fight in cyberspace can
be defined and used for the risks of national security threats? The research method
applied theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, generalisation, abstraction, inference,
analogy and comparison) as well as the empirical method of dialogue and the method of
participant observation.
THE NEW DIMENSION OF WAR – THE UKRAINE CONFLICT
Authors: Demedziuk Sylwia
Published: October 2018

The article focuses on the hybrid conflict on the territory of Ukraine since 2013; its aim is to depict characteristic features of the hybrid war. The background of this article is the politics of Russia towards Ukraine since 1991, when this country gained its independence. In the opinion of Russians, Ukraine is a geopolitical misunderstanding, which openly violates the concept of “Russkiy Mir” (the Russian world). This means that Russia constantly aims at maintaining its sphere of influence in terms of the economy and politics in this region, as well as control over the military potential. Russia’s concerns mainly come from Ukraine’s desire to participate in some organisations, such as the EU or NATO. A real breakthrough was the Maidan Revolution and the annexation of Crimea, which resulted in the hybrid war in Ukraine. The analysis of the current source literature lets us draw certain conclusions, namely it gives us the chance to determine that the actions of Russia on the territory of Ukraine are the typical methods of a hybrid war, which is a modern war, whose shape and character are constantly being created and generated by the contemporary researchers of this issue.
MODIFICAÇÕES FLORÍSTICO-ESTRUTURAIS EM UMA FLORESTA NEOTROPICAL
Authors: Oliveira Henrique Faria de , Souza Cléber Rodrigo de , Coelho Polyanne Aparecida , Terra Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos , Araújo Felipe de Carvalho , Santos Rubens Manoel dos , Fontes Marco Aurélio Leite
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a ocorrência de processo sucessional em uma floresta madura, utilizando para isto a distribuição das árvores em fases de desenvolvimento. O fragmento estudado consiste em uma floresta estacional semidecidual em estágio avançado de recuperação com cerca de 11 ha, localizado as margens do Rio Capivari no município de Lavras, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos anos de 1998, 2003, 2009 e 2014, nos quais foram mensurados e identificados em nível de espécie todos os indivíduos arbóreos que atingiram o critério de inclusão preestabelecido (circunferência a 1,3 m do solo - CAP≥15,7 cm). A partir destes dados foram obtidos os valores de riqueza para cada uma das quatro fases estabelecidas com base em critérios de circunferência (Juvenis, Preestabelecidos, Estabelecidos e Emergentes), bem como informações sobre rotatividade de espécies, estrutura, composição florística e compartilhamento entre essas fases. Os resultados indicaram a inexistência de diferenças temporais quanto à estrutura e distribuição da riqueza em fases de desenvolvimento. Foram observadas movimentações temporais de espécies principalmente entre as fases menores. Com relação à similaridade entre fases, ocorreu a divisão em um grupo contendo as duas menores e outro composto pelas duas maiores, nos quais a composição florística e espécies mais representativas foram mais semelhantes. Ademais, observou-se uma substituição não direcional das espécies mais representativas de cada fase, provavelmente relacionado a não correspondência entre ciclos de vida das populações. Assim, a ocorrência de modificações temporais nos padrões de riqueza na floresta indica a existência de processos sucessionais dinâmicos em uma comunidade em estágio clímax.
DURAÇÃO DA FASE DE MUDAS EM EUCALIPTO SIMULADA EM CENÁRIOS DE AUMENTO DE TEMPERATURA
Authors: Costa Daniele Barbosa da , Streck Nereu Augusto
Published: October 2018

A mudança climática é um tema atual em debates científicos e de interesse na área florestal, porém, estudos da vulnerabilidade de espécies florestais cultivadas às mudanças climáticas são escassos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi simular a duração da fase de mudas de duas espécies de eucalipto (Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus grandis) em cenários de aumento de temperatura do ar em Santa Maria-RS, considerando várias datas de emergência. A fase de mudas foi considerada da emergência das plântulas até o aparecimento da 25ª folha na haste principal. A taxa de aparecimento de folhas diária (TAF) foi estimada através de um modelo multiplicativo com uma função de resposta não linear da TAF à temperatura média do ar, com coeficientes para as espécies Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus grandis. Foram considerados doze datas de emergência (dia 15 de cada mês do ano) e seis cenários climáticos (atual, +1°C, +2°C, +3°C, + 4°C, +5°C). Os cenários climáticos constituem-se séries sintéticas de cem anos de dados de temperatura mínima e máxima diária do ar. Em cada um dos anos dos cenários climáticos e em cada data de emergência, o modelo de TAF para cada espécie foi rodado e contabilizado o número de dias da emergência até o aparecimento da 25ª folha. A análise estatística constou de análise de variância para a variável duração da fase de mudas, considerando um experimento tri-fatorial 6 x 12 x 2 (cenários climáticos x datas de emergência x espécies), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo cada ano da simulação uma repetição (n=100). Os resultados indicaram uma diminuição na duração da fase de mudas em cenários climáticos mais quentes nas emergências ocorridas de março a setembro, e um aumento na duração nas emergências de outubro a fevereiro e, ao final de um ano, o aumento de temperatura tende a diminuir o tempo de mudas no viveiro e assim aumentar a produção anual de mudas de eucalipto. Benefícios e desvantagens destes resultados devem ser considerados em políticas de mitigação dos efeitos do aquecimento global na silvicultura.
ESTOQUE E DINÂMICA DE BIOMASSA ARBÓREA EM FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA DENSA NA FLONA TAPAJÓS: AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL
Authors: Santos Fabio Guerra , Camargo Plinio Barbosa de , Oliveira Junior Raimundo Cosme de
Published: October 2018

A análise das oscilações dos estoques de biomassa em florestas tropicais permite descrever o comportamento desses ecossistemas diante de alterações naturais ou antropogênicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estoque e a dinâmica de biomassa no período (2007-2010) em Floresta Ombrófila Densa de duas áreas de pesquisa na FLONA - Tapajós: Amazônia oriental, denominadas Área 1 e Área 2, distantes aproximadamente 45 km uma da outra. A biomassa foi estimada através de equação alométrica e medidas de DAP, proveniente de 12 parcelas permanentes, sendo 6 em cada área. Os resultados mostraram que houve diferença significativa no estoque médio anual de biomassa entre a Área 1 (293,19 ± 27,74; 298,21 ± 31,73; 299,60 ± 29,46; 298,11 ± 29,40 Mg.ha-1) e a Área 2 (254,35 ± 69,61; 259,10 ± 70,05; 261,00 ± 69,43; 248,92 ± 61,78 Mg.ha-1). Notou-se variação anual no estoque de biomassa em intervalos de medições superiores a um ano, devido às oscilações na taxa de mortalidade, recrutamento e incremento, além da área basal e abundância dos indivíduos em cada área. A maior concentração de indivíduos ocorreu nas classes diamétricas 10 ≤ DAP ≤ 30 cm, porém, verificou-se que os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 60 cm em concentração menor estocam biomassa equivalente à da classe diamétrica 10 ≤ DAP ≤ 30 cm. Concluiu-se que as oscilações na taxa de mortalidade, recrutamento e incremento, além da abundância e área basal nestes locais afetaram os estoques de biomassa.
Investigando as pesquisas sobre analogias: o que mostram os anais dos encontros de ensino de ciências?
Authors: Santos Francisco Alves , Santana Isabel Cristina Higino
Published: October 2018

A linguagem analógica enquanto instrumento de mediação conceitual em ciências vem sendo explorada por muitos, e consequentemente, alvo de diferentes estudos na tentativa de compreender sua funcionalidade. Assim, a pesquisa buscou quantificar as publicações referentes ao uso de analogias em contextos didáticos mapeando as linhas investigativas nas pesquisas educacionais. Para atingir tais fins, realizou-se uma consulta de anais dos Encontros Nacionais de Ensino de Biologia – (ENEBio); Encontro Nacional de Didática e Práticas de Ensino – (ENDIPE) e Encontros Nacionais de Pesquisa e Ensino de Ciências – (ENPEC) no período de 2000-2016. O material identificado foi lido na íntegra e posteriormente analisados. Como resultado, foram identificadas 92 comunicações científicas sobre o tema, distribuídas em 6 linhas de pesquisas: utilização e exploração didática de analogias, analogias em manuais escolares; analogias na prática dos professores de ciências; analogias e as concepções de professores sobre o seu papel no processo de ensino-aprendizagem; analogias e os estudos de revisão; analogias e ensino. As duas primeiras linhas apresentaram o maior número de pesquisas. Concluiu-se que, embora a exploração de analogias na perspectiva do ensino e da aprendizagem em Ciência mantenha os padrões apresentados em estudos anteriores percebe-se um crescimento do escopo teórico acerca do tema, em âmbito nacional nos últimos anos; permitindo delinear novas formas de trabalhar o tema nos mais variados campos do conhecimento científico, requerendo assim, ações que propiciem a discussão e reconhecimento deste recurso com os fenômenos do ensino e da aprendizagem na promoção do ensino de Ciências.
A luta pela creche no Brasil: para além de uma questão de gênero
Authors: Barreiro Alex
Published: October 2018

Esta resenha busca analisar os capítulos do livro "Creche e Feminismo", editado e publicado em julho de 2018 no Brasil.
Por que as escolas continuam “laudando” alunos com deficiência intelectual?
Authors: Pletsch Márcia Denise , Paiva Carla de
Published: October 2018

Este artigo discute a avaliação e o encaminhamento de alunos com deficiência intelectual a partir das diretrizes de educação inclusiva contidas na Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva. A pesquisa foi realizada com gestores da área de Educação Especial de sete redes de ensino da Baixada Fluminense/RJ. Como referencial teórico e metodológico empregamos a abordagem do ciclo de políticas de Stephen Ball para discutir as várias dimensões que envolvem, ainda hoje, as concepções e práticas avaliativas adotadas nas redes de ensino para garantir ou não o suporte do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) para estes alunos. Os resultados, entre outros aspectos, mostraram a predominância do modelo médico com uso do laudo, em detrimento do modelo social e de direitos, nas práticas avaliativas adotadas pelas redes de ensino. A investigação também sinalizou a manutenção e, até mesmo, a ampliação das parcerias público-privado no processo de avaliação destes sujeitos.
A ambivalência dos efeitos da avaliação externa das escolas nas práticas escolares
Authors: Sousa Joana Raquel Faria de , Pacheco José Augusto
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo procura descrever a Avaliação Externa das Escolas em Portugal através de um breve enquadramento nas políticas educativas Europeias, numa lógica de reciprocidade entre os níveis nacional e transnacional, com o objetivo de refletir em torno das seguintes questões: A Avaliação Externa das Escolas promove a qualidade educativa? Que efeitos produz a Avaliação Externa das Escolas nas práticas docentes? Se, por um lado, existem vários estudos que destacam o facto de a Avaliação Externa das Escolas promover uma abordagem transformadora e formativa nas práticas escolares, através de consequências mais ou menos diretas, por outro, há estudos que clarificam que esses efeitos se refletem com pouca profundidade na realidade pedagógica. É neste contexto ambíguo que se pretende aprofundar a reflexão sobre a Avaliação Externa das Escolas e respetivos efeitos nas práticas escolares, nomeadamente, nas dimensões curricular e pedagógica, recorrendo às conclusões de vários estudos nacionais e internacionais para aprofundar a discussão.
Diretrizes para a elaboração do PEI como instrumento de avaliação para educando com autismo: um estudo interventivo
Authors: Pereira Débora Mara , Nunes Débora Regina de Paula
Published: October 2018

Resultados de pesquisas recentes revelam as dificuldades dos sistemas regulares de ensino em oferecer um currículo escolar que atenda as demandas acadêmicas de educandos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Dentre os fatores que contribuem para esse fenômeno evidencia-se a precária formação docente e a escassez de estratégias que promovam a acessibilidade. Como consequência, é registrada a deficitária participação acadêmica desse alunado na sala de aula comum. O objetivo desse trabalho foi propor diretrizes para elaboração de um Plano Educacional Individualizado (PEI). Trata-se de instrumento de organização curricular e de avaliação acadêmica direcionado  para um estudante com TEA, inserido em contexto pré-escolar. Os resultados, produzidos por meio de um delineamento quase-experimental intrassujeito, indicaram mudanças qualitativas e quantitativas na participação do aluno nas tarefas acadêmicas após o programa de intervenção.