bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of nano-curcumin as a natural antimicrobial agent against Gram-positive pathogens
Authors: Sankhwar Ruchi , Yadav Shilpi , Kumar Abhishek , Gupta Ravi Kr.
Published: March 2021

Gram-positive bacteria cause various diseases from the superficial skin to deep tissue infections. The capability of causing numerous diseases is due to the production of virulence factors which are tightly regulated by the virulence genes. Various Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria e.g. Staphylococcus, Mycobacterium, and Listeria are capable of causing lethal infections in humans and animals. Conventional antibiotics, targeted antibiotics, and combinatorial drugs are used as therapeutic agents against Gram-positive pathogens. Due to intricate virulence pathway bacteria readily adopt resistance to available drugs. Therefore, there is need to develop some alternative approaches to combat these infections. Various natural extracts are effective against pathogenic bacteria with or without the available drugs. Curcumin is a natural extract of Curcuma longas rhizome, known as turmeric. Curcumin shows various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. It also shows strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and few Gram-negative bacteria. Besides all these beneficial applications, major drawbacks of curcumin are poor aqueous solubility and less bioavailability. However, drug delivery approaches including nanoformulation are developed to increase its stability in vitro and in vivo settings. The present review article focused on the translation of potential applications of curcumin in various diseases specifically caused by Gram-positive pathogens. Various methods used for the formulations of curcumin nanoparticles, combinatorial strategies with curcumin nanoparticles and their application in the prevention of infections have been discussed. The present article also discusses the future aspects of curcumin-nanoparticles and its use as an alternative therapeutic approach against pathogens.
Evaluation of safe alternative wetting & drying and its influence on growth, yield and water use of the efficiency of rice (Orzya sativa l.)
Authors: Nagarajan M. , Porpavai S. , Thiyagarajan G.
Published: March 2021

Due to the increase in scarcity of freshwater resources available for irrigated agriculture and escalating demand for food around the world, in the future, it will be necessary to produce more food with less water. Due to inadequate or unevenly-distributed rainfall, irrigation is essential to high rice yields. A field experiment of Alternative Wetting and Drying Irrigation (AWDI) was conducted during kharif season 2014 & 2015 at Soil & Water Management Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. The treatments ranged from delayed irrigations of T1 to T6 (10, 15, 20 cm depletion of water level below the ground level, 15cm depletion of water up to maximum tillering, up to panicle initiation & up to 10 days prior to harvest) and continuous submergence (T7) of field irrigation water denoting the application of 5 cm flooded water condition, when the water level in the perforated PVC pipe fell at 10, 15 and 20 cm below ground level respectively. There was a significant (5% level) consequence of plant height, productive tillers, filled grains, yield and Water Use Efficiency (WUE) due to the influence of AWDI. The highest yield (5981 kg/ha) and WUE (7.56 kg/ha/mm) was recorded in treatment T1. Longer water stress resulted in the loss of grain yield to the tune of 500 to 1000 kg/ha. This study found that in sandy loam soil at 10cm depletion of ponded water produced maximum yield (5809 kg/ha, besides the highest B.C ratio of 2.02) and WUE (7.56 kg/ha mm).
Metabolomics using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and antibacterial activity of nine Ocimum taxa of Dakshin Dinajpur district, West Bengal, India
Authors: Chowdhury Tanmay , Basak Goutam Kumar , Deepalakshmi Putchen Dakshinamoorthy , Saha Soumen , Mandal Amitava
Published: March 2021

Ocimum traditionally known as Holy Basil or Tulsi is an available herb plenty across the country. Traditionally, it is used against a number of human diseases. In this present study, the metabolites present in the ethanolic extracts of nine Ocimum taxa, O. tenuiflorum L. (Green and purple type) two morphotypes  of O. basilicum L., (Babu and Marua tulsi) two morphotypes  of O. gratissimum L. (Ram and Ajowan tulsi) and each one  from O. americanum L. (Bon tulsi), O. × africanum Lour. (Lebu tulsi), and O. kilimandscharicum Guerke.grown naturally in Dakshin Dinajpur district, West Bengal, India were identified using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry  (GC-MS). Among the identified metabolites, carbohydrates, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic acids, fused ring aromatic hydrocarbon, amino acids, phenolic compounds, quinone, steroids, terpenoids and vitamin E were the chief constituents. The occurrence of these metabolites describes the high biological activity of Ocimum species. Furthermore, in vitro antibacterial activities were also identified against four bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96), Bacillus cereus (MTCC 1305), Proteus vulgaris (MTCC 1771) and Escherichia coli (MTCC 2939). Tested bacterial strains were taken from the Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India The results indicated that the ethanolic extracts of all the nine Ocimum taxa have satisfactory minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against the tested microorganisms. O. tenuiflorum has the highest (91.03 %) metabolic content whereas O. × africanum has the minimum. This would definitely serve as a scientific basis of the traditional use of basil against human ailments.
Development of sugar free cookies with novel biodegradable packaging film
Authors: Rao Eram S. , Meena Prem Lata , Barwa Manjeet Singh
Published: March 2021

The use of alternative sweeteners can help manage weight and normal blood glucose levels of diabetics. Development and standardization of sugar free, low glycemic index and high fibre cookies using wheat flour, oats, trans free bakery shortening, and almonds.  Physiochemical analysis of the raw materials used for cookie preparation and the finished product was conducted.   Cookies were analysed for diameter, height, spread ratio, texture, and water activity. Sensory analysis using semi-trained panellists was done to establish the acceptability of the product. The formulated cookies were well accepted by the semi-trained panellists as well as the people with diabetes who were randomly selected for the study. The overall appearance, texture and flavour of the cookies were moderately liked by the panellists as indicated in the qualitative descriptive analysis. The product did not change much with the storage of 90 days. The cookies were high in dietary fibre (2.5g per serving), out of which ?- glucan, a soluble fibre was found to be 0.8g per serving which offers a healthy alternative for consumers. The biodegradable polymer used for packaging the cookies was prepared using terpolymer. The chemical and physical properties of the polymer were determined using acid value which was between 0.0195 and 0.0200, hydroxyl value; 0.0260 and 0.023 and the molecular weight was in the range of 10,256 ? and 10,000 ? of the terpolymer A and B, respectively. The polymer demonstrated good mechanical strength as well as and water vapours barrier properties to be used as a primary package for cookies.
Effect of agronomic biofortification on growth, yield, uptake and quality characters of maize (Zea mays .L) through integrated management practices under North-eastern region of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: R. Augustine , Kalyanasundaram D.
Published: March 2021

Agronomic biofortification increases the concentration of target mineral in edible portions of crops by the use of mineral fertilizers to increase dietary intake of target minerals. Among these iron and zinc deficiencies in human nutrition are noticed in countries where maize is the staple food. The objective of this study was to evaluate agronomic biofortification performance in association with Integrated Nutrient Management in maize (Zea mays .L). The study was conducted under field conditions in Chinnakandiankuppam village, Vriddhachalam Taluk, in the North-eastern region of Tamil Nadu state, India of Kharif 2020 season. Two hybrids in main plots (M1 – Non biofortified and M2 – Biofortified) were combined with six treatments in sub-plots (100 % RDF through NPK (S1), 100 % RDF through FYM (S2), 50% RDF through NPK + 50% through FYM (S3) as soil application, S1+ Zinc + Iron (S4), S2 +Zinc + Iron (S5) and S3 + Zinc + Iron (S6) as foliar application with evaluations were carried out in wet season period of the year. Application of 50 percent RDF through NPK + 50 percent RDF through FYM with Fe, Zn, foliar applications (S6) was the most efficient agronomic biofortification practice for growth attributes, yield and yield attributes, nutrient uptake, and quality parameters for the maize cropping system under the irrigated condition of the northeastern zone of Tamilnadu State, India.
Pore resistivity variation by Resistivity imaging technique in sedimentary part of main Gadilam river basin, Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Ravi R. , Aravindan S. , Ramachandran C. , Balabantaray Sanjay Kumar , Selvaraj B. , Santhakumar K.
Published: March 2021

Electrical resistivity is the only property of physics which give information of subsurface moisture content in the formation, Hence geophysical electrical resistivity survey was carried out to investigate the nature of shallow subsurface formations and geological contact in the main Gadilam river basin of Cuddalore District in Tamil Nadu. Twenty-seven vertical electrical soundings (VES) were conducted by Schlumberger configuration in the basin. Data is interpreted by curve matching techniques using IPI2 WIN software, layer parameters like apparent resistivity (?a) and thickness (h) interpretation were exported to Geographic Information System (GIS). Interpretation distinguishes three major geoelectric layers like topsoil, sandy clay layer, clayey sand layer along the contact zone in the basin. Interpreted VES sounding curves are mostly four-layer cases of QH, H, HA and KH type. Investigation demarcates lithology of subsurface and hydrogeological set up by employing maximum possible electrode sounding to infer saline water and freshwater occurrence based on resistivity signals. Zone of groundwater potential map was prepared with the combination of resistivity (?= ?1+ ?2+ ?3+ ?4) and corresponding thickness (T= T1+T2+T3+T4). High resistivity value of >200 ? m and low resistivity value of <10 ? m show the occurrence of alkaline and saline water within the formation aquifers as a result of possible rock water interaction and saline water dissolution. Four-layer resistivity cases from the matched curve (namely KH, AH, QA, and KA type) show the resistivity distribution/variation. It separates the freshwater depth wish from 1 to 140 ? m in fluvial sediments. Flood basin, sandstone and clay layer with low resistivity value of 3.16 - 7.5 ? m indicates contact with saline and freshwater aquifer. The Iso – resistivity map delineates saline water and freshwater zones with in the fourth layer cases in the same locations to indicate the irrational way of abstracting groundwater, resulting in saltwater ingress.
Suitability of three different cereal grains for spawn development and their impact on the growth and yield of Macrocybe gigantea (Massee) Pegler & Lod.
Authors: Devi Sapna , Sumbali Geeta
Published: March 2021

Mushroom cultivation is an economical biotechnological process for the conversion of various unused lignocellulosic wastes into protein rich food. The present study was conducted to assess the suitability of three different cereal grains viz., bajra (Pennisetum glaucum L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)  and maize (Zea mays L.) for spawn production of Macrocybe gigantea  (Massee) Pegler & Lod. and further its cultivation on two agrowastes (wheat straw and paddy straw) for assessing biological efficacy. It was observed that among the three cereal grains tested, bajra grains took significantly (P?0.05) less time for spawn development. Moreover, a minimum period of spawn run (16.3 days), highest sporophore yield (343.6g/500g of dry substrate) and biological efficiency (68.7%) were also recorded from substrate bags inoculated with bajra grain spawn. These results suggest the use of bajra grain spawn for quick and successful cultivation of M. gigantea.
Deacidification of Camelina sativa L. seed oil by Physisorption method and characterization of produced biodiesel
Authors: Pathak Rakshit , Guleria Kritika , Kumari Anjali , Mehta Satya Pal Singh
Published: March 2021

According to India's National Biofuel Policy, only non-edible oilseed crops can be used for the biofuel feedstock. In this context, Camelina sativa is one such plant that fulfils all the criteria defined by the Biofuel policies of India. So, the present investigation was aimed to examine C. sativa seed oil capabilities as a biodiesel feedstock. Oil was deacidified via adsorption method applying Silica Gel as an adsorbent. The highest efficacy was obtained when 1:9 (Silica gel: oil) ratio was applied and the acid value was reduced from 6.45 to 2.78 mg KOH/g. Furthermore, oil was transesterified using methanol in the ratio of 1:6 (oil: methanol molar ratio) and 0.8 % (w/w of oil) of KOH as a catalyst at 70 ?C. The produced biodiesel was analyzed in terms of fuel-specific parameters and results were compared with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. The results were very much satisfactory and under the limits specified by the ASTM standards. The results revealed that oil to biodiesel conversion was 92.28 % with an acid value of 0.37 mg KOH/g. The measured Iodine value was 152 gI2/100g indicated the high unsaturation. Still, Camelina biodiesel showed oxidation stability of 6 h., which was a decent value compared to this much unsaturation. The sulphur content was also higher (24 ppm) than the specified limit (15 ppm). Besides, the fuel-specific parameters like sulphur content and iodine value were under the ASTM limits.
Residual effect of organics and direct effect of mineral nitrogen on rice (Oryza sativa L.) in two different textural soils
Authors: R. Manivannan , Sriramachandrasekharan M.V. , Senthilvalavan P. , Ravikumar C.
Published: March 2021

Nitrogen through organics and inorganics application is an alternate to maintain soil health and crop productivity in the rice cropping system. With this background, field experiments were conducted in farmer’s field at Kuttalam during 2012-2013, 2013-14 to evaluate residual organics and mineral nitrogen (100%N) on growth parameters and yield of rice (Oryza sativa) in sandy clay loam and clay loam soil. The treatments consisted of residual organics viz., composted coir pith (CCP), green manures (GM), sugarcane trash compost (STC), vermicompost (VC), poultry manure (PM) and FYM applied(100%N) and a combination of above residual organics with urea@50%N besides 100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) and control. The results revealed that residual organics and urea recorded higher growth parameters like plant height, chlorophyll content, leaf area index(LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate(RGR), net assimilation rate(NAR), No. of tillers/hill compared to their individual addition. The growth parameters were more under residual PM in combination with mineral nitrogen in both the soils. Residual PM + fertilizer nitrogen (100% N) recorded highest grain (4485, 4693 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6984, 5897 kg ha-1) in clay loam and sandy clay loam soils, respectively. The lowest grain(3292, 2993 kg ha-1) and straw yield(4998, 4003 kg ha-1) were recorded in residual GM + fertilizer (100% N) in both soils. Among organics alone, residual PM(100% N) registered highest grain yield (4025, 4048 kg ha-1) in both soils. It can be concluded that the application of poultry manure alone or in combination with N fertilizers enhanced the growth and improved soil health.
Effect of sulphur, zinc and boron on the growth and yield enhancement of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Ravikumar C. , Karthikeyan A. , Senthilvalavan P. , Manivannan R.
Published: March 2021

Oilseed crops grown in different types of soil experience nutrient deficiency, especially sulphur, zinc and boron, which affect crop productivity. To tackle it, nutrient management practices must be streamlined to avoid improper fertilizations and deterioration of soil health. With this background, experimental trials were conducted to study the effect of sulphur, zinc and boron application on the growth, yield components and yield of hybrid sunflower at AyanAthur village, Ariyalur district (TN) during the summer seasons of 2016 and 2017. The experiments were laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The growth components of sunflower (plant height, leaf area index, dry matter production, leaf area duration (LAD) and growth analysis parameters such as crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate(RGR), net assimilation rate(NAR) and chlorophyll content, yield components and seed yield were significantly (level of significance P>0.05) influenced by foliar application of 0.5% Zn on bud initiation stage and seed formation stage and B @ 0.3% on bud initiation stage and ray floret formation stage along with S(sulphur) @ 40 kg ha-1 and RDF(recommended dose of fertilizers) as a soil application. Growth and yield parameters responded very little with the RDF alone. From both experimental results, we found that foliar application of Zn @ 0.5%and B @ 0.3% along with S @ 40 kg ha-1 and RDF recorded the highest percentage of dry matter production (44.4%), number of filled seeds (30.1%) and yield (32.4%) of hybrid sunflower.
Integrated nutrient management - promising way to reduce carbon dioxide and methane emission in flooded rice ecosystem: A review
Authors: Ravikumar C. , Ganapathy M. , Karthikeyan A. , Senthilvalavan P. , Manivannan R.
Published: March 2021

Climate change is an inevitable ruling issue caused by the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG’s) in the atmosphere worldwide. It will have a considerable impact on agriculture and its related fields like live stocks and fisheries. In India, the main sectors contributing to these emissions are industry, agriculture and waste, with a total emission of 334 MT CO2 eq. Besides, the major sources in agriculture are enteric fermentation (63.4%), rice cultivation (20.9%), agricultural soils (13.0%), manure management (2.4%) and on-field burning is the crop residue (2.0%). Thus, the crop productivity sector (rice cultivation, soil and field burning of crop residues) contributes 35.9% to the total emission from agriculture. Therefore, reducing GHG emissions and enhancing the C sequestration in soil and biomass has become challenging. However, the total GHG’s emission from all sectors of the country has decreased from 33% in 1970 to 18% in 2010. Cutting off GHGs emission from agriculture can be achieved by sequestering C and reducing methane emissions(CH4) and carbon dioxide(CO2) through various soil and crop management strategies. Integrated nutrient management (INM) practice ensures the Soil –plant –atmospheric continuum (SPAC) in a  promising way, reducing the GHGs emission by sequestering more carbon to soil than emissions. A studious prominent INM solution can be identified to develop a mitigation strategy that helps in climate change adaptation and sustains soil health through soil carbon sequestration.
Molecular characterization of Nocardiopsis species from Didwana dry salt lake of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Parihar Khushbu , Tak Alkesh , Gehlot Praveen , Pathak Rakesh , Singh Sunil Kumar
Published: March 2021

The genus Nocardiopsis is well known to produce secondary metabolites especially antibacterial bioactive compound. Isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds producing novel isolates from unusual habitats are crucial. The present study was aimed to explore Didwana dry salt lake of Rajasthan state in India for the isolation and characterization of actinomycetes. The isolated actinomycetes isolates were characterized based on culture characteristics, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that all the five isolates inhabiting soil of the said dry salt lake of Didwana, Rajasthan belonged to four species of Nocardiopsis viz., N. synnemataformans, N. potens, N. prasina and N. dassonvillei subsp. albirubida. The molecular identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequences was found accurate and robust. The phylogram generated through multiple sequence alignment of all the test isolates of Nocardiopsis revealed that the isolates aroused from a single branch and validated monophyletic association. The present study is the first report of exploring Nocardiopsis isolates from the dry salt lake. These characterized Nocardiopsis isolates isolated from Didwana dry salt lake habitat are novel stains and can be of significance in the detection and utilization of novel bioactive compounds.
In Silico Identification of Active Phytochemicals against COVID-19 by Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Through Molecular Docking: A Drug Repurposing Approach
Authors: Rathan Kumar
Published: March 2021

The spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become one of the most significant pandemics in modern human history, affecting more than 70 million people worldwide. Currently, only a few fda-approved drugs have suggested fighting the infection, in the absence of a specific antiviral treatment. Thus, repurposing the presently available drugs or using plant-based bioactive compounds can be the fastest possible solution. In this study, the computational methodology of molecular docking techniques was performed to screen and identify the viable potent inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from a library of 200 active phytochemicals, based on their highest binding affinity towards the target protein. Later, the binding affinities of these phytochemicals were compared with that of the fda-approved drug fluvoxamine, which is currently in use against the mild COVID-19 patients. Out of these, 86 phytochemicals that exhibited better binding energy of value ≤-7.00kcal/mol, is selected for adme (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) analysis and drug likeliness studies to check the feasibility of these compounds. Wherein, 79 out of 86 phytochemicals showed a better theoretical affinity with sufficiently bearable adme properties. Thus, they can be the lead molecule for further investigation and validation processes towards developing natural inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Conflicts within Post-Soviet Eurasia: сhallenges for European security
Authors: Smolik Nadezhda , Semibratov Evgeny , Barannik Marina , Meskhia Natia
Published: March 2021

In this article, the authors examine the impact of CIS conflicts on the overall system of European security. Over the past 30 years, the parties have not been able to find a fundamental solution to several conflicts in the region. In 2014 Ukrainian crisis began, it was the conflict which became the most difficult to find a common solution for Russia and NATO.
Nikolai Leskov on Sanctimonious Rhetoric: The “Notes of the Unknown” Series
Authors: Kucherskaya Maya A. , Lifshits Aleksandr L.
Published: March 2021

Nikolai Leskov is known for his love of language game, puns, rarely used words and word creation — he usually employs all these tactics for constructing a narrator’s image. One of his most poorly studied works is of particular interest in this regard. Notes of the Unknown (1884) is a collection of short anecdotes, mainly from the life of the clergy. In this particular series, Leskov, while imitating someone else’s speech, also bares the narrator’s hypocrisy and turns his clerical rhetoric into an object of parody, the purpose of which is to indicate the need for the transition from state Orthodoxy to “spiritual Christianity” and for the revitalization of a dead word.
Proto-Slavic *kŭrkŭ: Semantics and Etymology
Authors: Saenko Mikhail N.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the semantics of the Proto-Slavic word *kъrkъ, whose descendants have a wide range of meanings from ‘throat’ to ‘back’. The analysis presented shows that the Proto-Slavic word can be most probably reconstructed to mean ‘vertebra prominens / cervical vertebrae’. With this taken into account, the author looks at the previously proposed etymologies and puts forward a new one.
“Assassins of the Great Prince Andrey”: An Inscription about the Murder of Andrey Bogolyubsky from Pereslavl-Zalessky
Authors: Gippius Alexey A. , Mikheev Savva M.
Published: March 2021

The present paper deals with a long inscription which was uncovered in the autumn of 2015 on the external wall of the southern apse of the 12th century Transfiguration Cathedral in Pereslavl-Zalessky. It contains an almost fully legible list of assassins of the Vladimir-Suzdal prince Andrey Yuryevich, who was murdered in Bogolyubovo on June 29th, 1174. The writer places a curse on the murderers and wishes eternal memory to the prince. The graffito probably dates from 1175–1176 when Andrey’s younger brother Vsevolod Yuryevich ruled in Pereyaslavl. It is the oldest inscription from the North-Eastern Rus’ to have a fairly precise dating. The discovery corroborates the general accuracy of the chronicles in respect to the murder and serves as a source for the study of Old Russian princely titles and other terms of social hierarchy. Andrey Yuryevich is called the grand prince and his murderers are collectively given the pejorative name of parobki (servants) despite the high social status of at least some of them. As the first example of anathematising state criminals in Rus’, the inscription has relevance for church history as well. Valuable new information is provided by the list of assassins. It includes the names of 11–13 individuals. The list indicates that the main conspirator, the boyar Kuchcko's son-in-law named Peter was the son of someone named Frol. That Frol may have been the founder of the Church of Saints Florus and Laurus in the Moscow Kremlin. The patronymic of the third of the murderers Yakim Kuckovičь is spelled with a c., which may be an indication of Kuchko's Novgorodian origin. The fourth on the list is Ofrem Moizich. The authors accept the Arabic origins of Ofrem’s patronymic suggested by V. S. Kuleshov. The latter traces it back to the name Muʕizz which could have belonged to a Muslim from Volga Bulgaria. The fifth conspirator Dobryna Mikitich is tentatively identified as the Rostov boyar Dobryna the Tall. He played a prominent role in the feud triggered by the assassination of Andrey Yuryevich and perished in the Battle of Yuryev Field on June 27th, 1176. The last person on the list bears the rare Slavic name Styrjata which elsewhere is attested only in the 12th century graffiti inscriptions from the Annunciation Church at Gorodische near Novgorod. From the standpoint of linguistics the inscription demonstrates an advanced stage of the yer-shift. In this respect it is similar to the Novgorod birchbark letter No. 724 which dates from the same period. The inscription was read with the help of a three-dimensional model created by the RSSDA Lab. (https://rssda.su/ep-rus).
Reading by Syllables and Graphico-Orthographic Features of Old Russian Birchbark Letters
Authors: Petrukhin Pavel V.
Published: March 2021

A significant part of birchbark letters use the so-called vernacular graphic system, the main distinguishing feature of which is the mixing of the letters ъ and o, ь and e. Researchers have suggested that the development and main features of this system are related to the skills that the authors of birchbark letters acquired in the process of mastering literacy. The article provides arguments supporting this hypothesis. In the final part of the article, the vernacular graphic system is considered in the context of the world history of writing.
Skaryna’s Оnomastic Variations
Authors: Lemeshkin Ilya
Published: March 2021

The person of the Belarusian physician Francysk Skaryna unites the cultural-historical space of Western and Eastern Europe in the first half of the 16th century. He was the first publisher in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and records about his life and activities can be found in a number of archives in Italy, Poland, Lithuania, Germany, Russia etc. The focus of this study is to examine materials from Prague and Vienna, particularly looking at Skaryna’s horticultural activity (at the court of Ferdinand I in Prague) and at anthroponyms, which may help to make the search for new documents more effective.
Future Anterior in the Document Language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Authors: Penkova Yana A.
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with the semantics and the distribution of the future anterior in the 14th‒16th century official writing of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The paper focuses on the construction which comprises a perfective present form of the auxiliary be (bud-) and an l-participle. The paper takes into consideration data from more than 900 charters as well as from the Lithuanian Statute of 1588. The author claims that the future anterior in official Ruthenian is licensed by contexts with suspended assertion (conditional, disjunction, indirect question, propositional predicate, etc.). In most other cases, it is powered by iterative, habitual, or experiencer meanings, or by the multiplicity of the objects involved in the situation. In some contexts, the use of the future anterior is defined exclusively by syntactic rules, i. e., the use in the dependent clause. In this respect, the future anterior is similar to the French subjunctive and the Latin conjunctive at their later stages of grammaticalization. The future anterior in official Ruthenian may also acquire a particular discourse function, i. e., undergo pragmaticalization, which results in the ability of the future anterior to mark an indirect speech act of disproof or cancellation of what was evidenced by the opponent. Ruthenian turns out to be a unique language across Slavic and SAE to feature a widely used dubitative future anterior.
The Serbian Army. 1804–1918
Authors:   Strategic Research Institute, Ministry of Defence, Republic of Serbia, Denda Dalibor
Published: March 2021

This book by Colonel Dalibor Denda, Dr. Sc., research fellow of the Institute of Strategic Studies of the Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, is a comprehensive study on the history of the Serbian military system from the nineteenth century to 1918. It consists of seven chronologically and thematically arranged chapters which embrace the period from the First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) to the wars of 1912–1918. The structure corresponds to the key tuning points of the making and development of the armed forces, which evolved from a rebel militia into the best minor army of the Great War. Special attention is paid to the selection and education of the army command staff, and determination of military doctrine and system of command. Furthermore, the author considers Russia’s influence on the evolution of the Serbian army and Russian-Serbian military interaction. The book is intended for the general reader.
Adaptating National Companies in the Midst of Global Economic
Authors: panggantara Pang william
Published: March 2021

karya tulis mata kuliah Pemikiran Ekonomi dan Bisnis
IMPROVEMENT OF INDONESIAN TOURISM SECTORS TO COMPETE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Halim Vincent Jonathan
Published: March 2021

Tourism is an activity that directly touches and engages the community.
Agribusiness and Horticultural Market Potential in East Java
Authors: Suharsono Andrea Anne
Published: March 2021

Demand increase for fruit and vegetables over years both in quality and quantity was defined as an impact of population growth which followed by public awareness of health. But unfortunately, it hasn’t been supported by the availability from the production centers and leading to high demand in imports of fruit and vegetables in order to fit the high local demand. The most commonly problem is caused by bad trade system or limited technologies and innovations. This trade system resulting in the products harvested cannot be distributed on time due to the constraints in information, transportation and also distribution networks.
NUDT10 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that nudix hydrolase 10, NUDT10, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that NUDT10 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. NUDT10 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of NUDT10 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of NUDT10 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Profil
Authors: Official Bang Atuez
Published: March 2021

Profil ini dibuat untuk mengertahui Riwayat Diri atau Data Diri ,sehingga memudahkan Pembaca / Audiens untuk mengenal saya lebih dekat
Demoscene in Brazil: A Quasi-Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Costa Joenio Marques
Published: March 2021

Esta pesquisa investiga a comunidade brasileira de demoscene e responde a questões sobre o nı́vel deatividade no Brasil, produção de demos, realização de eventos, número de praticantes e outros aspectosda cena local, além de trazer dados sobre o volume de pesquisas no Brasil neste cenário. O estudo érealizado através de uma revisão de literatura, incluindo literatura acadêmica e literatura cinza sobredemoscene no Brasil ou publicado no Brasil em português, a busca por literatura foi realizada em portaisacadêmicos como Periódicos Capes, Google Scholar, ACM Digital Library, entre outros e também emportais de busca web como Google Search, Yahoo Search e DuckDuckGo Search, a coleta de dados foirealizada em novembro de 2019 e encontrou um total de 117 resultados, a análise dos dados extraı́dos daliteratura mostra que apesar de existir participação brasileira na produção de demos e na realização deeventos, especialmente nos anos 1990, e posteriormente em 2012 e 2017, a atividade no Brasil é bastanteerrante e instável, com momentos de produção seguido por enormes espaços de total inatividade, indicandouma quase inexistência de comunidade local, o estudo apresenta números, nomes e referências para todaa produção brasileira, e por fim conclui também não haver pesquisas sobre demoscene no Brasil, fazendodeste estudo uma iniciativa inédita sobre o tema.
Cây mít
Authors: Khuc Quy Van
Published: March 2021

Ước mơ, gió mới, cây Mít
BDKRB2 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that bradykinin receptor B2, BDKRB2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that BDKRB2 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. BDKRB2 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of BDKRB2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient post-progression survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of BDKRB2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
FKBP2 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that FK506 binding protein 2, FKBP2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that FKBP2 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. FKBP2 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of FKBP2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of FKBP2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Konsep Ekonomi Pada Masa Khulafaurasyidin
Authors: Fildayanti Devita Ayu
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep ekonomi pada masa Khulafaurasyidin (Abu Bakar As-Shiddiq, Umar bin Khattab, Ustman bin Affan, Ali bin Abi Thalib)
Betting models using AI: A review on ANN, SVM, and Markov Chain
Authors: Kollár Aladár
Published: March 2021

In today's modern world, sports generate a great deal of data about each athlete, team, event, andseason. Many people, from spectators to bettors, find it fascinating to predict the outcomes ofsporting events.With the available data, the sports betting industry is turning to Artificial Intelligence.Working with a great deal of data and information is needed in sports betting all over the world.Artificial intelligence and machine learning are assisting in the prediction of sporting trends. The trueinfluence of technology is felt as it offers these observations in real-time, which can have an impacton important factors in betting. An artificial neural network is made up of several small,interconnected processors called neurons, which are similar to the biological neurons in the brain. InANN framework, MLP, the most applicable NN algorithm, are generally selected as the best model forpredicting the outcomes of football matches. This review also discussed another common techniqueof modern intelligent technique, namely Support Vector Machines (SVM). Lastly, we also discussedthe Markov chain to predict the result of a sport. Markov chain is the sequence or chain from whichthe next sample from this state space is sampled.
Konsep Ekonomi pada Masa Khulafa Al-Rasyidin
Authors: Akbar Muh.
Published: March 2021

Konsep ekonomi pada Masa Khulafa Al-Rasyidin yang ditandai dengan kepemimpinan para sahabat yang digilir memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda.
Sejarah perkembangan ekonomi masa khalifah
Authors: Rozalddin Muh. Risky
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang ekonomi pada masa khulafaul rasyidin
Updates on Novel SARS-CoV-2: An Emerging Coronavirus that Causes a Global Threat
Authors: Ghebrihiwot Rahel S. , Kao Robert
Published: March 2021

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has taken center stage in infectious disease research. Since the first reports to the World Health Organization (WHO) in winter 2019, we know that the infectious agent was a virus of the coronavirus family, named SARS-CoV-2 (the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) causes a respiratory disease in Covid-19 and attacks lung cells due to the presence of many conserved receptor entries, namely Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2. In our instant update review article, we highlight the prevalence and genetic diversity of bats as they are the potential natural reservoir and link SARS-CoV-2 to other coronaviruses through the circulation in bats in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, we present the important ethical dilemmas to consider regarding human challenge studies as well as the effectiveness of herd immunity and personal protective equipment (PPE) for SARS-CoV-2. Lastly, we review the advances in the development of medical treatments and possible vaccines available to fight the virus.
Konsep Ekonomi Pada Masa Khalifah
Authors: Nasrowi Muhammad Muhaimin
Published: March 2021

Konsep Ekonomi Pada Masa Khalifah
Fossil trackways of the Baynunah Formation
Authors: Bibi Faysal , Kraatz Brian , Beech Mark , Hill Andrew
Published: March 2021

In addition to skeletal remains that record the presence of a diverse vertebrate fauna, the Baynunah Formation also preserves fossil trackways. These are found on deflated surfaces of carbonate-rich beds, mainly at sites located inland from the coast. Footprints, like other trace fossils, may be difficult to assign to particular species, but provide a window onto ancient behavior that is not attainable from skeletal remains alone. Nine sites bearing fossil footprints have been identified to date in the Baynunah Formation. These are presented and described here, most for the first time. The large majority of footprints (and the most easily identifiable) were made by proboscideans, but three trackways belong to a large ungulate, probably a giraffid, and one print may be that of a hippopotamid. The site of Mleisa 1 is particularly important for its remarkable preservation of the passage of a proboscidean herd intersected by the trackway of a large solitary individual, showing that herding behavior, and possibly also sexual segregation, both hallmarks of modern elephants, were already present in late Miocene proboscideans. Given the large areas across which the carbonates of the Baynunah Formation are exposed inland, many more trackways likely remain to be discovered.
A social and physical stressor increases later punishment in healthy males
Authors: Deza-Araujo Yacila Isabela , Rimmele Ulrike , Gyger Lucien , Aguirre Cora , Sander David , klimecki olga
Published: March 2021

Existing literature suggests that stress in early life can influence or trigger later aggressive and punishment behaviors during social interactions. However, only a few human studies have addressed this link in controlled experimental settings. Here, we assessed the impact of biological and behavioral markers of stress on economic and social interactions in healthy men using a between-group design. The Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test (i.e., supervised hand immersion into cold water) was applied to one group of participants (n = 19), while a second group underwent the Warm Water Test (n = 21). After the stressor or control procedure, all participants played the Inequality Game, a paradigm in which they could engage in punishment, cooperative, or aggressive behaviors towards a fair and an unfair counterpart player. Compared to the control condition, participants in the stress condition engaged in more punishment behaviors towards the unfair player and less cooperative behaviors towards both players. Critically, higher levels of cortisol in the stress group were associated with more punishment behaviors towards the unfair player. In contrast, aggressive behavior did not differ between participants in the stress vs. control condition. Overall, our findings showed that situationally induced stress might facilitate punishment behaviors in provoking situations. Further research should elucidate the role of inter-individual variables that may encourage or prevent stress-related punishment in social contexts.
Social cognitive factors outweigh negative emotionality in predicting COVID-19 related safety behaviors
Authors: Hein Grit , Gamer Matthias , Gall Dominik , Gründahl Marthe , Domschke Katharina , Andreatta Marta , Wieser Matthias J , Pauli Paul
Published: March 2021

Objective: Emotion-motivation models propose that behaviors, including compliance with safety behaviors, should be predicted by the same variables that also predict negative affect since emotional reactions should induce a motivation to avoid threatening situations. In contrast, social cognitive models propose that safety behaviors are predicted by a different set of variables that mainly reflect cognitive and socio-structural aspects. Methods: Here, we directly tested these opposing hypotheses in young adults (N = 4,134) in the context of COVID-19-related safety behaviors to prevent infections. In each participant, we collected measures of negative affect as well as cognitive and socio-structural variables during the lockdown in the first infection wave in Germany. Results: We found a negative effect of the pandemic on emotional responses. However, this was not the main predictor for young adults’ willingness to comply with COVID-19- related safety measures. Instead, individual differences in compliance were mainly predicted by cognitive and socio-structural variables. These results were confirmed in an independent data set. Conclusions: This study shows that individuals scoring high on negative affect during the pandemic are not necessarily more likely to comply with safety regulations. Instead, political measures should focus on cognitive interventions and the societal relevance of the health issue. These findings provide important insights into the basis of health-related concerns and feelings as well as behavioral adaptations.
The Effects of Social Rewards on Incidental Episodic Memory
Authors: Molinaro Gaia , Russell Charlotte
Published: March 2021

Episodic memory is our memory for specific, personally experienced events. Although remembering the “what, where and when” of an instance may be highly beneficial, the brain’s memory capacity is limited and must therefore be selective. Rewards are important enhancers of episodic memory acquisition and storage. Among them, social rewards have been proposed as important drivers of motivated behaviour. Whether the benefits of social rewards on memory still operate on incidental (unplanned) memorization of neutral events has not been tested yet. In this study, we explored the effects of social rewards on memory for neutral scenes that were completely unrelated, except for proximity in time, to the sources of reward (here, the presentation of happy versus neutral faces). One day after the completion of an encoding task, participants were given a surprise memory test that assessed their recollection of spatial or temporal information related to such incidental scenes. Differences in memory for space versus time-related information were observed. Although participants were expected to have better memory for scenes that occurred after delivery of social rewards, this was not the case; possible explanations for this are discussed. However, strong interactions between the anticipated effect and participants’ mood were noted, and our initial hypothesis did hold true in a subset of participants who experienced exceptionally low mood on the day of encoding. These findings hint at the limitations of a reward-driven enhancement of incidental episodic memory and highlight the important role of mood in modulating the extent of such an effect.