bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Phytochemical Profile of Nonea pulmonarioides and Its Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Mohammed Haval H. , Abdullah Fuad O.
Published: July 2022

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was chosen to isolate secondary natural compounds from Nonea pulmonarioides. MAE is an efficient approach compared to maceration. In our study of N. pulmonarioides, the Folin–Ciocalteu and trichloroaluminum techniques were used to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Antioxidant activity was determined by the β-carotene/linoleic acid test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured using the microwell dilution assay method. Overall, MAE may represent a substantially faster extraction system (5 min) with an even greater extraction yield than maceration extraction (24 h). Phytochemical screening indicated the existence of classes of several secondary metabolites. The methanol extract had a high total phenolic content (TPC) of 113.33 ± 1.06 μg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/mg of dry plant weight, while the total flavonoid content (TFC) in the acetone extract was 44.26 ± 0.88 μg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/mg of the dry plant. The antioxidant activity data correlated well with the acetone extract (32.41 ± 0.93, I%) compared to the other extracts. The antimicrobial assay (MIC) results showed high activity of the extract against Candida albicans for the petroleum ether extract, which was significantly higher than against other microorganisms. The quantitative gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis of the extracts confirmed that the most abundant compound in the methanol extract was ethyl tridecanoate (45.94%), while nonadecane was the predominant compound in the acetone (35.7%) and the petroleum ether (18.34%) extracts.
The Correlation between the Level of Skin Advanced Glycation End Products in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy and the Types of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Senwei , Ma Ping , Chen Qiu
Published: July 2022

Objective. We aimed to analyze the correlation between the level of skin advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and the diabetic retinopathy (DR) staging in different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes. Methods. 416 T2DM patients were divided into normal group, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group (mild, moderate, and severe), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group according to the DR grade. Patients’ height, weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), blood lipid, renal function, and skin AGEs were measured. According to TCM syndrome differentiation criteria, 230 patients with T2DM and DR were divided into I. qi and yin deficiency, collateral stasis group; II. liver and kidney deficiency, eye collaterals loss group; and III. yin and yang deficiency, blood stasis, and phlegm coagulation group. Results. The skin AGEs levels of different DR staging groups were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

), and the skin AGEs levels in the mild and moderate NPDR groups were significantly higher (

P
<
0.05

) than those of the normal group. It was significantly higher (

P
<
0.05

) in the severe NPDR group than in the normal group, mild and moderate NPDR groups. The skin AGEs levels of the PDR group were significantly higher (

P
<
0.05

) than the normal group, mild and moderate NPDR groups. It was positively correlated with DR stage, HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and urine metal analysis (UMA) (r = 0.467, 0.411, 0.413, 0.503, 0.424,

P
<
0.05

). The skin AGEs levels of the qi and yin deficiency and collaterals stasis syndrome group were significantly higher (

P
<
0.05

) than in the liver and kidney deficiency and eye collaterals loss groups. It was also significantly higher (

P
<
0.05

) in yin and yang deficiency, blood stasis, and phlegm coagulation syndrome groups than in qi and yin deficiency and collaterals stasis syndrome groups. Conclusion. There is a positive correlation between skin AGEs and DR staging in T2DM patients. Skin AGEs level is predictive for the risk of DR complications in T2DM patients and is vital in assessing DR degree per TCM syndrome type.
Circular RNA circACAP2 Suppresses Ferroptosis of Cervical Cancer during Malignant Progression by miR-193a-5p/GPX4
Authors: Liu Yingchun , Li Li , Yang Zhe , Wen Dan , Hu Zhenyu
Published: July 2022

Cervical cancer is among the most cancer types, with an extremely high global incidence and mortality. Ferroptosis is a newly reported programmed cell death process that differs from apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed loops generated from back-splicing pre-mRNAs, with high stability, and are abundant in the physical environment. Here, we explored the effect of circACAP2 on ferroptosis of cervical cancer. We observed that the depletion of circACAP2 by siRNAs was validated in cervical cancer cells. The cervical cancer cell viability was inhibited by circACAP2 knockdown as well. The levels of lipid ROS, iron, and Fe2+ were reduced by circACAP2 depletion in cervical cancer cells. The circACAP2 served as a ceRNA of miR-193a-5p and directly interacted with miR-193a-5p in cervical cancer cells. miR-193a-5p was able to target GPX4 and circACAP2 promoted GPX4 expression by sponging miR-193a-5p in cervical cancer cells. The knockdown of circACAP2 inhibited the cervical cancer cell viability, but the miR-193a-5p inhibitor or GPX4 overexpression could reverse the effect in the cells. The inhibition of miR-193a-5p or GPX4 overexpression repressed the circACAP2 depletion-induced levels of lipid ROS, iron, and Fe2+ in cervical cancer cells. Clinically, the expression of circACAP2 and GPX4 was upregulated, and miR-193a-5p expression was downregulated in clinical cervical cancer samples. The expression of miR-193a-5p was negatively correlated with circACAP2 and GPX4, while the circACAP2 expression was positively correlated with GPX4 in the samples. Therefore, we concluded that circular RNA circACAP2 repressed ferroptosis of cervical cancer during malignant progression by miR-193a-5p/GPX4.
Sublingual Sufentanil vs. Intravenous Fentanyl for the Treatment of Acute Postoperative Pain in the Ambulatory Surgery Center: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Berg Aaron , Habeck Jason , Strigenz Michael , Pearson Jonah , Kaizer Alexander , Hutchins Jacob
Published: July 2022

Objectives. Sublingual sufentanil is a novel opioid medication to treat moderate to severe pain postoperatively. This study’s aim was to determine if a single dose of a sublingual sufentanil tablet (SST) is as efficacious as a single dose of intravenous (IV) fentanyl in readiness to discharge from ambulatory surgery. Methods. This was a two-arm, parallel group, randomized prospective outcomes study conducted at a single, free-standing ambulatory surgery center. Patients aged 18–80 undergoing general anesthesia who developed a postoperative pain score of ≥ 4 were enrolled and randomized to receive either 30 mcg SST or 50 mcg IV fentanyl. After their initial randomized dose, rescue IV fentanyl followed by oral oxycodone if needed. Recovery length of stay from arrival in the postanesthesia care unit until readiness to discharge criteria was met based on phase 2 discharge criteria. Results. 75 patients were analyzed. Readiness to discharge from the recovery room was not significantly different between either group (IV fentanyl median 65 minutes; IQR 56–89; SST 73 min, IQR 58–89;

p
=
0.903

). There was no significant difference in the amount of morphine equivalents (MME) of rescue opioids needed (IV fentanyl median rescue MME of 22.5, IQR 13.1–23.4; SST median rescue MME of 15.0, IQR 7.5–30.0;

p
=
0.742

). The change in pain from PACU initially, and on discharge was not significantly different (IV fentanyl initial pain minus pain on discharge median 3, IQR 2–4; SST initial pain minus pain on discharge median 4, IQR 2–5.5;

p
=
0.079

). There was no difference in the six-item screener and the Overall Benefit of Analgesic Survey Score. Discussion. In conclusion, patients who received a sublingual sufentanil 30 mcg tablet had no significant differences in PACU length of stay or rescue analgesic usage when compared to intravenous fentanyl 50 mcg.
[Retracted] Design and Innovation of Piano Impromptu Accompaniment for College Music Performance Majors under the Information Environment
Authors: Wang Yanling
Published: July 2022

The development of information technology has a profound impact on the development of education. The integration of information technology into the teaching of professional courses has changed not only teaching methods and means, but more importantly, the teaching philosophy, teaching organization, and teaching evaluation are supported by information technology. Changes and progress have also been made. Piano improvisational accompaniment is an indispensable and important course in the teaching of music majors in colleges and universities. Relying on the information‐based teaching environment and means, systematically designing piano impromptu accompaniment teaching for music performance majors to improve the effectiveness of teaching is a new exploration in the education and teaching reform of the current higher vocational music performance talent training courses. This study analyzes and studies the problems existing in the current teaching of piano improvisation accompaniment in colleges and universities and proposes the feasible strategies of piano improvisation accompaniment teaching in a targeted manner, to provide reference and guidance for the majority of educators.
Effect of Oral Tranexamic Acid on the Blood Transfusion Rate and the Incidence of Deep Vein Thromboembolism in Patients after TKA
Authors: Chen Bingqian , Qu Xiaohong , Fang Xiaowen , Wang Xuesong , Ke Guoxiu
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To explore the effect of oral tranexamic acid treatment on the blood transfusion rate and the incidence of deep vein thromboembolism after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods. 90 patients undergoing TKA admitted to First People’s Hospital of Changshu City from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected and randomized into the control group and the experimental group accordingly (45 cases in each group). The control group intravenously received 20 mL/kg tranexamic acid before the incision was closed. The experimental group was given 1 g of tranexamic acid orally before anesthesia, 6 h and 12 h after the operation. Results. The experimental group witnessed better perioperative indexes in relation to the control group. The experimental group displayed better postoperative coagulation function indexes as compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Remarkably lower postoperative vascular endothelial function indexes in the experimental group than in the control group were observed. The experimental group experienced a markedly lower incidence of deep vein thromboembolism in comparison with the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The postoperative knee society score (KSS) score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. A significantly higher postoperative modified rivermead mobility index (MRMI) score was yielded in the experimental group in contrast to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The experimental group obtained lower numerical rating scale (NRS) scores at T2 and T3 as compared to the control group. Conclusion. Oral tranexamic acid is a suitable alternative for patients undergoing TKA in terms of reducing the blood transfusion rate, relieving pain, and accelerating the recovery of the patient’s limbs.
Research on Lung Tumor Cell Segmentation Method Based on Improved UNet Algorithm
Authors: Sun Jun , Chen Weimin , Zhang Longzhen , Yan Xundong
Published: July 2022

In order to improve the completeness of the computer-aided diagnosis system for the segmentation of large-sized lung tumors and the segmentation accuracy of small-sized lung tumors, a dual-attention 3D-UNet lung tumor segmentation network model was constructed. The upsampling operation in the traditional 3D-UNet network is replaced with the DUpsampling structure. By minimizing the loss between the pixels of the feature map and the compressed label image, a more expressive feature map is obtained, thereby improving the network convergence speed. On this basis, the spatial attention module and the channel attention module are integrated so that similar features in single channel and multichannel are related to each other, and the global correlation of feature maps is increased to improve the accuracy of segmentation results. The experimental results show that compared with methods such as 3D-UNet, the model effectively improves the accuracy of lung tumor cell segmentation, and the MIoU score on the public dataset LIDC-IDRI reaches 89.4%. The segmentation method will be closer to the facts and in line with the safety and health of human life.
Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Ti‐6Al‐4V Matrix Reinforced with WCp Developed by Squeeze Casting
Authors: Sivakumar R. , Kumar B. R. Senthil , Subramaniyan G. Gopalarama , Sivaraja M. , Natarajan M. P. , Patil Pravin P. , Kaliappan S. , Yuvaraj K. P. , Abebe Kassie Jemberu
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the wear and micro hardness of a Ti‐6Al‐4V matrix reinforced with 10% and 15% tungsten carbide particle (WCp) composite manufactured using the squeeze casting process. Optical microscopy is used to determine the microstructures of the composite. A pin‐on‐disc wear test equipment and Vickers hardness at atmospheric temperature were used to examine the wear behaviour wear rate, CoF, and micro hardness qualities of primed samples. Loads of 10 N to 80 N, velocities of 4 m/s, and distances of 1000 m to 2000 m are considered for analyzing the wear behaviour of Ti‐6Al‐4V composites. The wear rate values are 25.683 for 10% WCp, 30.957 for 15% WCp, and 37.683 and 30.957 for 20% WCp. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is utilized to examine the worn surface of the composites. For 10% WCp, the CoF values are 0.82 and 0.87, and for 15% WC, 0.88 and 0.956. The micro hardness values are 692 VHN for 10% WCp and 835 VHN for 15% WCp. The wear rate, microstructure, SEM images, coefficient of friction, and hardness of TMCs for totaling reinforcing tungsten carbide particle (WCp) possessions were discovered to be improved.
[Retracted] Scanning Probe Microscopy Bone Marrow Determination of Steogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Fu Xiandong , Lian Qixin , Zhang Bo , Teng Xinli , Chen Ying , Qu Yikun , Cheng Zhuoxin , Guo Linqi
Published: July 2022

To address the question of determining the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, the bone marrow studies were performed using probe microscopy. All adherent bone marrow was used to isolate the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and expanded and purified in vitro. Its morphology under an inverted microscope was observed. We used Zuogui Pills to differentiate the separation methods. Alcian blue staining, modified calcium cobalt alkaline phosphatase staining, and neuron‐specific enolase immunohistochemical staining were performed. The experimental results are shown below. The morphology of the isolated and purified cells was analyzed with an inverted microscope, and the isolated and purified cells were analyzed with Zuogui Pill. Alcian blue staining, modified calcium cobalt alkaline phosphatase staining, and neuron‐specific enolase immunohistochemical staining confirmed that the cells differentiated into cartilage and osteoblasts, and the cell structure and morphology were similar to those of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The results showed that the adherent mode of cells obtained from the whole bone marrow was the rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and the Zuogui Pills could induce multidirectional differences in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
Travelling Wave Solutions of Nonlinear Evolution Problem Arising in Mathematical Physics through (G′/G)-Expansion Scheme
Authors: Fan Siyuan , Sun Tianyi , Liu Peng , Yu Dongmin
Published: July 2022

This article deals with the application of well-known (G′/G)-expansion to investigate the travelling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution problems including the Boussinesq equation, Klein–Gordon equation, and sine-Gordon equation as these problems appear frequently in mathematical physics. The beauty of the suggested method is to transform the highly nonlinear evolution equation into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations by means of trial solution and auxiliary equation. It is found that the presented approach is simple, efficient, has a less computational cost, and produced rational trigonometric solutions. In order to investigate the novel results, various simulations have been executed. It is renowned that all solutions are in the form of soliton with a single hump and singular which is travelling as time increases gradually. It travels as time travel with the same shape. Moreover, as A2 decreases the amplitude of the solutions decreases. A comparative study illustrates that some of the obtained solution matches with the existing results against particular values of parameters and various new travelling wave solution attained the first time. The method seems more appropriate by means of a computational work. It can also be extended to demonstrate the behavior of other physical models of physical nature.
Tree-Based and Machine Learning Algorithm Analysis for Breast Cancer Classification
Authors: Bhardwaj Arpit , Bhardwaj Harshit , Sakalle Aditi , Uddin Ziya , Sakalle Maneesha , Ibrahim Wubshet
Published: July 2022

Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death in developed and developing nations, accounting for 8% of deaths after lung cancer. Gene mutation, constant pain, size fluctuations, colour (roughness), and breast skin texture are all characteristics of BC. The University of Wisconsin Hospital donated the WDBC dataset, which was created via fine-needle aspiration (biopsies) of the breast. We have implemented multilayer perceptron (MLP), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), genetic programming (GP), and random forest (RF) on the WBCD dataset to classify the benign and malignant patients. The results show that RF has a classification accuracy of 96.24%, which outperforms all the other classifiers.
Mechanical Properties of Fast‐Growing Poplar Reinforced with Carbon Fiber
Authors: Gao Ying , Guo Liwei , Zhang Xiao , Wang Yuzhuo , Yang Xiuying , Fu ChuanGuo , Liu Ziqing
Published: July 2022

This paper presents mechanical properties of fast‐growing poplar specimens reinforced with carbon fibers. A total of 90 specimens including 10 contrast specimens were tested to investigate the influence from the following parameters: (a) different carbon fiber ratios (0.167%, 0.251%, 0.334%, 0.401%, and 0.501%) and (b) different fiber locations. The failure mode, compressive strength, elastic modulus, and axial deformation of specimens were analyzed. The test results indicate the following: (1) The compressive strength, elastic modulus, and axial deformation of specimens reinforced with carbon fiber were significantly improved compared with that of fast‐growing poplar specimens. The compressive strength, elastic modulus, and axial deformation increased by 54.1–76.03%, 11.58–22.89%, and 24.86–60.06%, respectively. (2) There was little effect on the compressive strength of the specimen with the increase of carbon fiber ratio. With the increase of carbon fiber ratio, the elastic modulus of specimens slightly decreased and the axial deformation increased. The elastic modulus decreased by 1.39–18.69%, and the axial deformation increased by 10%–48%. (3) The different locations of the carbon fiber distribution resulted in a large difference in the compressive strength of the specimens, while the effects on the modulus of elasticity and axial deformation were not significant. Finally, the compressive strength calculation formula was proposed.
Study on the Prognostic Values of TTC36 Correlated with Immune Infiltrates and Its Methylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Jing Wei , Peng Ruoyu , Li Xiaogai , Lv Shaogang , Duan Yu , Jiang Shitao
Published: July 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains an incurable disease with a very poor clinical outcome. The purpose of this article was to investigate whether the expression or methylation of tetrapeptide repeat domain 36 (TTC36) could be used as a prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma. TCGA database was used to obtain information on HCC gene expression and the associated clinical features of HCC patients. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between 374 HCC specimens and 50 nontumor specimens. The expression and prognostic value of TTC36 were analyzed. The correlations between TTC36 and cancer immune infiltrates were investigated via TIMER. In this study, HCC specimens and nontumor specimens were compared and 35 DEGs were found between them. Among the 35 DEGs, the expression of TTC36 was significantly reduced in HCC samples compared with nontumor samples. Survival tests revealed that patients with low TTC36 expression had a shorter overall survival than patients with high TTC36 expression. TTC36 was found to be an independent predictive factor for HCC in both univariate and multivariate regression analyses. TTC36 was negatively regulated by TTC36 methylation, leading to its low expression in HCC tissues. Immune analysis revealed that TTC36 expression has significant correlations with B cell, T cell CD4+, neutrophil, macrophage, and myeloid dendritic cell. Finally, TTC36 expression was dramatically reduced in HCC cells, and overexpression greatly suppressed HCC cell proliferation and invasion, according to our experimental results. Overall, our data suggested that TTC36 could be applied as a prognostic marker for predicting outcome and immune infiltration in HCC.
The Effectiveness of a Gamified Electronic Application in Developing Reading Comprehension Abilities among First-Grade Intermediate Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Fahad AlZuhair Nouf , Mohammed Alkhuzaim Khalid
Published: July 2022

Gamification-based learning is one of the interactive and student-centered instructional strategies that has emerged as a result of academic attempts to fulfill the needs of the current period. This method has been adopted by scholars, administrators, and teachers, and it has been applied in academic contexts. Thus, the study used an electronic gamification program to improve reading comprehension skills in Saudi first-graders. Using a gamified computer application and a reading comprehension assessment, the study achieved its goals. The sample was comprised of 46 students split into two groups. Each group had 23 students. The researchers analyzed the data using SPSS. The experimental and control groups did not differ statistically in the reading comprehension test. When comparing the experimental group’s reading comprehension before and after test results, there were statistically significant changes in favor of the postmeasurement. The study suggested employing a gamified electronic application to teach English to first-graders. In addition, the findings of research which were looked at to determine whether or not the use of gamification Saudi Arabia was beneficial pointed mostly to the advantages of learning via gamification-based platforms. In addition to this, the systematic review offers helpful advice for both future researchers and practitioners.
MANF Inhibits α-Synuclein Accumulation through Activation of Autophagic Pathways
Authors: Zhang Jing-Xing , Tong Wei-Fang , Jiang Ming , Zhou Kai-Ge , Xiang Xue-rui , He Yi-jing , Zhang Zhuo-yu , Guan Qiang , Jin Ling-Jing
Published: July 2022

Progressive accumulation of misfolded SNCA/α-synuclein is key to the pathology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Drugs aiming at degrading SNCA may be an efficient therapeutic strategy for PD. Our previous study showed that mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) facilitated the removal of misfolded SNCA and rescued dopaminergic (DA) neurons, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we showed that AAV8-MANF relieved Parkinsonian behavior in rotenone-induced PD model and reduced SNCA accumulation in the substantia nigra. By establishing wildtype (WT) SNCA overexpression cellular model, we found that chaperone-mediated-autophagy (CMA) and macroautophagy were both participated in MANF-mediated degradation of SNCAWT. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) was activated to stimulating macroautophagy activity when CMA pathway was impaired. Using A53T mutant SNCA overexpression cellular model to mimic CMA dysfunction situation, we concluded that macroautophagy rather than CMA was responsible to the degradation of SNCAA53T, and this degradation was mediated by Nrf2 activation. Hence, our findings suggested that MANF has potential therapeutic value for PD. Nrf2 and its role in MANF-mediated degradation may provide new sights that target degradation pathways to counteract SNCA pathology in PD.
Acute Cytomegalovirus Illness in an Immunocompetent Adult Causing Intravascular Hemolysis and Suspected Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Elliott Ross P. , Freeman Brian P. , Meier Jeffery L. , El-Herte Rima
Published: July 2022

Background. Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the immunocompetent host usually produces little-to-no illness. Occasionally, the infection results in mononucleosis syndrome, protracted fever, hepatitis, tissue-invasive disease, or Guillain-Barré syndrome. Hemolytic anemia and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are rare complications that have not been reported to co-occur. Having hemolytic anemia in conjunction with more common findings of fever and hepatitis complicates the diagnosis of HLH. Case Presentation. A 34-year-old male with previously good health presented with a prolonged febrile illness, jaundice, and anemia. An extensive work-up during hospitalization revealed intravascular hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and biopsy evidence of extensive lymphohistiocytic infiltration of the liver with microgranulomata and sinusoidal hemophagocytosis. Soluble CD25 level was mildly elevated at 1200.3 pg/mL and the HScore calculation (fever, bicytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, aspartate aminotransaminase 99 IU/L, ferritin 1570 ng/mL, fibrinogen 488 mg/dL, and triglycerides 173 mg/dL) suggested a moderate probability of reactive HLH. Primary CMV infection was diagnosed based on CMV IgM positivity, low CMV IgG avidity index, and low-grade CMV DNAemia. The CMV antigen was not detected in the liver biopsy, and the bone marrow biopsy was unremarkable. The illness began to improve before he received oral valganciclovir for 5 days, and he was in good health 10 months later. Conclusion. Acute CMV illness in an immunocompetent adult can present with hemolytic anemia and clinicopathologic abnormalities consistent with a form fruste of HLH. The illness is likely due to an excessive or unbalanced immune response that may self-correct.
Feature Extraction and Intelligent Text Generation of Digital Music
Authors: Chu Xiaoli
Published: July 2022

Because the current network music operation mechanism is constantly improving and the matching of music platforms and users is poor, in this paper, the characteristics of digital music are analyzed, and the music features, rhythm, tune, intensity, and timbre with the MIDI format are extracted. Then, a music feature information extraction algorithm based on neural networks is proposed, and according to the extracted information of the music style, the B2T model is adopted for intelligent text generation. Finally, test results are given by the style matching rate and ROUGE value, which show that the model is accurate and effective for classification of music and description of related text, and the extraction of music feature information has a certain influence on its intelligent text generation.
Outdoor Clothing Design for Traffic Safety Based on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhou Ya , Shi Yun
Published: July 2022

With the development of technologies in various fields, more and more technologies have been applied to safety clothing, which has led to the rapid development of safety clothing. The improvement of living standards is accompanied by the change of consumption concepts. Consumers’ requirements for clothing products have become more artistic, healthier, and more ecological, and they look forward to more and better safety clothing to meet their health needs. In this context, this article studies traffic safety outdoor clothing design based on big data (BD) and AI. This article introduces the design method of outdoor safety clothing for traffic based on BD and machine learning in artificial intelligence (AI) and did two experiments. To this end, this paper adopts a Deep Belief Network (DBN), which is trained layer by layer through Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), and successfully solves the problems of lack of a large number of labeled samples and easy to fall into local optimum. The first experiment is to test the accuracy of various machine learning algorithms for clothing size measurement. The results obtained are as follows: the predicted value of the DBN neural network is the closest to the actual value, the average prediction accuracy of DBN for the cuff size is 90%, and the average prediction accuracy for the neck circumference is 91.5%. The second experiment is to investigate the functional needs and performance concerns of children and outdoor workers. The results of the experiment are as follows: for children, 79.9% of people want clothing to have a positioning function, which accounts for the highest proportion. For outdoor workers, the most important clothing function they need is eye-catching style, and 90.1% of those choose this option. In terms of clothing performance concerns, most people choose to care very much, and the second most people choose to care about comfort.
Ketamine Promotes LPS‐Induced Pulmonary Autophagy and Reduces Apoptosis through the AMPK/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Cao Jianwei , Mai Huiqiang , Chen Yanfen , Yuan Ruilin , Fang Erbin , Liu Meiling , Fu Chunlai
Published: July 2022

To explore the protective effect of ketamine on acute lung injury (ALI) in sepsis mice regarding the autophagy and apoptosis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to construct a sepsis‐induced ALI model. In in vivo experiments, ketamine at a concentration of 20 mg/kg was injected before modeling. The serum levels of inflammatory factors IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. At the same time, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to detect apoptosis‐related factors Bax and Bcl‐2 and autophagy‐related factors Beclin‐1 and P62. In in vitro experiment, firstly, Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK8) assay was used to detect the cell viability and identify optimal concentration of ketamine. TUNEL staining, Western blotting (WB), and qRT‐PCR were used to detect alveolar type II epithelial cells (AEC II) AEC II cell apoptosis. The content of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant was detected by kits and the autophagy intensity of AEC II cells was detected by PCR and WB. At the same time, the expression changes of AMPK/mTOR pathway were detected by WB technology. Compared with the Sham group, the dry‐wet ratio of the lung tissue in the LPS group was obviously increased, the expression of inflammatory factors in the serum was upregulated, and apoptosis and autophagy activation occurred. In the LPS + ketamine group, ketamine significantly promoted autophagy intensity and inhibited inflammatory response, thereby reducing apoptosis. In vitro, 1 mmol/L ketamine can effectively improve the viability of AEC II cells after LPS treatment, promote autophagy, and decrease cell apoptosis. And we found that the above‐mentioned effect of ketamine was by regulating the activation of AMPK/mTOR pathway. In this study, we demonstrated that LPS treatment can induce inflammation and autophagy and induce apoptosis in lung cells. In contrast, AMPK expression was activated after ketamine treatment, inhibiting the mTOR pathway and promoting autophagy, thereby alleviating the apoptosis of AEC II cells.
Nonlinear Optimization-Based Robust Control Approach for a Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion Process
Authors: Tawai Atthasit , Sriariyanun Malinee
Published: July 2022

A two-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) process has been applied to improve the efficiency of methane production from various organic materials. However, the performance of traditional process controllers may be limited by differences in the rate of biochemical reactions, process uncertainties, and the consequences of interconnection between the two bioreactors. In this work, a nonlinear optimization-based control strategy that applies an analytical model predictive control (AMPC) scheme with an adaptive optimal set-point is proposed for the control of the two-stage AD system. The objectives of the proposed control system are to stabilize the system under uncertain operating conditions and maximize biomethane production. The optimal set-points for the controller are adapted in real-time operation, and then the control system is performed to manipulate the controlled output to the optimal trajectories. Compensators and nonlinear state observers are applied to handle the process/model mismatch and estimate unmeasured variables. The proposed control system is applied to the process with disturbances, fluctuations of inlet stream concentrations, and changes in the bacterial growth rate, and the control performance is investigated. Simulation results show that the developed control scheme automatically adjusts the optimal set-points and provides adequate control actions to maintain the maximum rate of methane production. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the control strategy promotes different biochemical reactions, avoids the inhibition effect, and handles the mutual effects between acidogenic and methanogenic bioreactors for methane production effectively.
The Pharmacological Mechanism of Xiyanping Injection for the Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19): Based on Network Pharmacology Strategy
Authors: Xia Liang-jing , Zhang Liang-ming , Yang Kun , Chen Tong , Ye Xian-wen , Yan Zi-jun
Published: July 2022

Purpose. The possible mechanism of Xiyanping injection treatment COVID-19 is discussed through the network pharmacology. Methods. Obtaining the chemical structure of Xiyanping injection through the patent application and obtaining control compounds I, II, III, IV, V, Yanhuning injection (VI, VII), Chuanhuning injection (VIII, IX), 10 compounds were analyzed by D3Targets-2019-nCoV. The human anti-COVID-19 gene in COVID-19 DisGeNET was intersected with the CTD Andrographolide target gene and then combined with D3Targets-2019-nCoV, resulting in 93 genes, using the Venny 2.1 platform. The PPI network was constructed by the String platform and Cytoscape 3.8.2 platform. The GO, KEGG, and tissue of the target were analyzed using the Metascape platform and DAVID platform. The gene expression in the respiratory system was analyzed using the ePlant platform. The CB-Dock is used for the docking verification and degree values of the first 20 genes. Results. Finally, 1599 GO and 291 KEGG results were obtained. GO is mostly associated with the cell stress response to chemicals, the cell response to oxidative stress, and the cell response to reactive oxygen species. In total, 218 KEGG pathway concentrations were related to infection and other diseases and 73 signaling pathways mostly related to inflammation and immune pathways, such as TNF signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. The molecular docking results show that Xiyanping injection, compound III, has a good docking relationship with 20 target proteins such as HSP90AA1. Tissue has 22 genes that are pooled in the lungs. Conclusion. Xiyanping injection may inhibit the release of various inflammatory factors by inhibiting intracellular pathways such as MAPK and TNF. It acts on protein targets such as HSP90AA1 and plays a potential therapeutic role in COVID-19. Thus, compound III may be treated as a potential new drug for the treatment of COVID-19 and the Xiyanping injection may treat patients with COVID-19 infection.
Deformation and Strength Characteristics of Structured Clay under Different Stress Paths
Authors: Li Lu , Zang Meng , Zhang Rong-Tang , Lu Hai-Jun
Published: July 2022

In geotechnical applications such as deep foundation excavation, slope cutting, and tunnel construction, the stress state of the soil subjected to loading or unloading will change and undergo different stress paths with corresponding changes in its mechanical properties. Therefore, a series of comprehensive laboratory tests were conducted on the natural strong structured clay to evaluate the effects of stress paths on the stress-strain, pore water pressure-strain, deformation characteristics, shear strength behaviors, and the microscopic mechanism of the natural strong structured clay. The results show that the mechanical properties of structured clay under different stress paths are quite different and are closely related to its structure. The peak deviatoric stresses of the soil under both the compression path and the tensile path are affected by the stress path, and the order of its strength is INP > KCP > DEP. The variations of the pore water pressure reflect the shear dilation and the shear contraction characteristics of the soil under different stress paths; the pore pressure of the specimen is particularly complicated in the case of both axial stress and lateral stress unloading; therefore, the pore water pressure in the soil under unloading conditions should be monitored in real time in engineering practice. The stress path affects the total stress strength indices of the structured clay to a significant extent and the effect on soil cohesion is greater than that on the internal friction angle, and the microstructure of the specimens has been changed after shearing tests with different stress paths. Therefore, design calculations should be conducted according to the experimental mechanical parameters under the stress path experienced by the soil under the actual engineering conditions to ensure safety and stability during construction.
Research on the New Ecological Model under the Environment of “Double Reduction” of Children’s Community Education Services
Authors: Zhou Jing
Published: July 2022

Children are the hope of building a powerful, modern‐socialist state. In recent years, all social classes have paid more and more attention to children’s enlightenment education, and the country began to implement the double reduction policy. As the main place for children to live and grow, the community has the responsibility and obligation to conduct the education of children. Work and effective development and utilization of community education resources can greatly meet the needs of children’s growth, help children develop good behavior habits, and lay a solid foundation for future education. Through the experimental survey results, this paper discusses the theoretical basis for the development and utilization of community children’s education resources under the dual emission reduction policy, puts forward the corresponding development principles, and analyzes the main strategies to improve the efficiency of social education.
Febuxostat Improves Uric Acid Levels and Renal Function in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperuricemia: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Yanqun , Sun Jia
Published: July 2022

Background. Uric acid nephropathy, also known as hyperuricemia nephropathy or gouty nephropathy, is characterized by uric acid crystal deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration. Herein, we aimed to demonstrate the role of febuxostat on uric acid levels and renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease and hyperuricemia. Methods. Eight databases included were searched for clinical randomized controlled trials. Meanwhile, the confidence interval (CI) of either relative risk or mean difference was set to 95%. Besides, the heterogeneity of the research results is tested by

I

2

. Results. Ten studies were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. All of them were considered to be random controlled trials. 10 studies reported the serum uric acid of the test group and the control group, which was significantly lower (SMD: -146.44, 95% Cl: -195.96, -86.93, and

P
<
0.01

) than the control group, EGFR (SMD: 3.21, 95% Cl: 1.17, 5.25, and

P
<
0.01

), serum creatinine (SMD: -15.27, 95% Cl: -20.75, -9.79, and

P
<
0.01

), serum urea nitrogen (SMD: -2.37, 95% Cl: -3.31, -1.61, and

P
<
0.01

), and adverse reactions (OR: 0.74, 95% Cl: 0.32, 1.68, and

P
=
0.47

). Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that febuxostat may be effective in patients with CKD with HUA, as evidenced by serum uric acid, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and EGFR. However, large sample, multicenter, low risk of bias clinical studies, as well as basic medical research, are needed.
Two-Stage Solution for Meal Delivery Routing Optimization on Time-Sensitive Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Jiang Li
Published: July 2022

The online-to-offline (O2O) meal delivery mode in which takeout meals are ordered online and delivered offline is recently emerging. The fast delivery of huge meal orders for time-sensitive customers imposes great challenges on O2O meal delivery platforms. This study establishes a two-stage solution for meal delivery routing optimization with the objective of maximizing time-sensitive customer satisfaction. In the first stage, a large number of meal orders are hierarchically classified and merged into delivery bundles based on the nearest pickup location rule by applying the hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC) algorithm, to increase fast meal delivery efficiency. In the second stage, a genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to solve the cluster-based delivery routing optimization model to find an optimal delivery route for meal orders in each delivery bundle. The numerical simulation results verify that the two-stage routing optimization solution is effective to schedule timely meal delivery and improve customer time satisfaction. The comparison of the results indicates the superiority of the proposed two-stage solution with HAC and GA on customer satisfaction while ensuring the delivery of all orders within 60 minutes. The sensitivity analysis shows the impact of time-sensitive customer heterogeneity on meal delivery satisfaction. This research has significant managerial insights for fast delivery services of O2O meal delivery platforms.
Efficient Correction of Oncogenic KRAS and TP53 Mutations through CRISPR Base Editing
Authors: Sayed Shady , Sidorova Olga A. , Hennig Alexander , Augsburg Martina , Cortés Vesga Catherine P. , Abohawya Moustafa , Schmitt Lukas T. , Sürün Duran , Stange Daniel E. , Mircetic Jovan , Buchholz Frank
Published: July 2022

KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancer, and its activating mutations represent long-sought therapeutic targets. Programmable nucleases, particularly the CRISPR-Cas9 system, provide an attractive tool for genetically targeting KRAS mutations in cancer cells. Here, we show that cleavage of a panel of KRAS driver mutations suppresses growth in various human cancer cell lines, revealing their dependence on mutant KRAS. However, analysis of the remaining cell population after long-term Cas9 expression unmasked the occurence of oncogenic KRAS escape variants that were resistant to Cas9-cleavage. In contrast, the use of an adenine base editor to correct oncogenic KRAS mutations progressively depleted the targeted cells without the appearance of escape variants and allowed efficient and simultaneous correction of a cancer-associated TP53 mutation. Oncogenic KRAS and TP53 base editing was possible in patient-derived cancer organoids, suggesting that base editor approaches to correct oncogenic mutations could be developed for functional interrogation of vulnerabilities in a personalized manner for future precision oncology applications.

Significance:

Repairing KRAS mutations with base editors can be used for providing a better understanding of RAS biology and may lay the foundation for improved treatments for KRAS-mutant cancers.
Updated Efficacy Outcomes of Anti-PD-1 Antibodies plus Multikinase Inhibitors for Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer with or without Liver Metastases in Clinical Trials
Authors: Yukami Hiroki , Kawazoe Akihito , Lin Yi-Tzu , Koyama Shohei , Fukuoka Shota , Hara Hiroki , Takahashi Naoki , Kojima Takashi , Asayama Masako , Yoshii Takako , Bando Hideaki , Kotani Daisuke , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Kuboki Yasutoshi , Mishima Saori , Wakabayashi Masashi , Kuwata Takeshi , Goto Masahiro , Higuchi Kazuhide , Yoshino Takayuki , Doi Toshihiko , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Shitara Kohei
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

We previously reported preliminary activity of regorafenib plus nivolumab (REGONIVO) or lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (LENPEM) in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Meanwhile, several studies demonstrated liver metastases are less responsive to immunotherapy.

Patients and Methods:

Combined efficacy outcomes with a longer follow-up in a phase Ib trial of REGONIVO and a phase II trial of LENPEM were examined in AGC with or without liver metastases (REGONIVO plus LENPEM cohort). We also investigated the efficacy of anti-PD-1 monotherapies (anti-PD-1 monotherapy cohort). A comparison of the immune microenvironment between gastric primary tumors and liver metastases was also conducted by multiplex IHC.

Results:

In the REGONIVO plus LENPEM cohort, with a median follow-up of 14.0 months, objective response rate (ORR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and median overall survival (mOS) were 46%, 7.8 months, and 15.6 months in patients with liver metastases, while 69%, 6.9 months, and 15.5 months in those without. In the anti-PD-1 monotherapy cohort, with a median follow-up of 27.6 months, ORR, mPFS, and mOS were 9%, 1.4 months, and 6.4 months in patients with liver metastases, while 22%, 2.3 months, and 9.0 months in those without. Multiplex IHC revealed liver metastases were associated with an abundance of immune-suppressive cells, such as tumor-associated macrophages and regulatory T cells, with fewer CD8+ T cells compared with gastric primary tumors.

Conclusions:

Anti-PD-1 antibodies plus regorafenib or lenvatinib for AGC showed promising antitumor activity with a longer follow-up, irrespective of liver metastases status, despite a more immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment in liver metastases.