bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep exploration as a unifying account of explore-exploit behavior
Authors: Wilson Robert C , Wang Siyu , Sadeghiyeh Hashem , Cohen Jonathan D.
Published: February 2020

Many decisions involve a choice between exploring unknown opportunities and exploiting well-known options. Work across a variety of domains, from animal foraging to human decision making, has suggested that animals solve such ``explore-exploit dilemmas'' with a mixture of two strategies: one driven by information seeking (directed exploration) and the other by behavioral variability (random exploration). Here we propose a unifying account in which these two strategies emerge from a kind of stochastic planning, known in the machine learning literature as Deep Exploration. In this model, the explore-exploit decision is made by stochastic simulation of plausible futures that are deep, in that they extend far into the future, and narrow, in that the number of possible futures they consider is small. By applying Deep Exploration to a simple explore-exploit task we show theoretically how directed and random exploration can emerge in these settings. Moreover, we show that Deep Exploration implies a tradeoff between directed and random exploration that is mediated by the number of simulations, or samples --- with more samples leading to increased directed exploration and decreased random exploration at the expense of greater time taken to respond. By measuring human behavior on the same simple task, we show that this reaction-time-mediated tradeoff exists in human behavior both between and within participants. We therefore suggest that Deep Exploration is a unifying account of explore-exploit behavior in humans.
What is attention bias variability? Examining the potential roles of attention control and response time variability in its relationship with anxiety
Authors: Clarke Patrick , Marinovic Welber , Todd Jemma , Basanovic Julian , Chen Nigel T. M. , Notebaert Lies
Published: February 2020

Recent years have seen increasing interest in the construct of attention bias variability (AB-Var). However, little is known about the cognitive underpinnings of this construct, with some research suggesting that AB-Var may represent an artefact of other processes. The present study examined the underlying role of attention control and response time variability in explaining the relationship between anxiety and two commonly computed measures of AB-Var (‘moving average’ and ‘trial-level bias score’ measures). Participants (final n=195) completed measures of anxiety symptomatology, antisaccade performance (attention control), a stand-alone measure of response-time variability, and a probe task measure of attentional bias. Both measures of AB-Var were significantly associated with anxiety, response time variability, and attention control. Attention control was the single significant statistical mediator of the relationship between anxiety and the trial-level bias score measure of AB-Var. Neither response time variability nor attention control significantly mediated the relationship between anxiety and the moving average measure of AB-Var. No evidence was found for the mediating role of response time variability. The present findings suggest that the relationships observed between anxiety and the trial-level bias score measure of AB-Var in particular may be attributable to the over-arching role of attention control.
Social movements in the new millennium: Framing the changing dynamics of contention
Authors: Ferree Myra Marx
Published: February 2020

Meanings and movements in the new millennium: Gendering democracy. Pp. 419-428 in Jacquelien van Stekelenburg, Conny Roggeband and Bert Klandermans (eds), The Future of Social Movement Research: Dynamics, Mechanisms, and Processes, University of Minnesota Press, 2013. How democracy works depends to a large degree on what democracy is framed as meaning, both in terms of the specific institutional arrangements that texts authorize and the disputed frames that are in play. The changing terrain of movements today may have less to do with the scale or locus of material power than with unresolved issues of democracy raised by movements of the past. Although “democracy” is defined as the power of people, the question still arises, “which people”? The institutionalization of procedural democracy often went hand-in-hand with the exclusion of certain kinds of issues and constituents from institutional access to politics in specific ways in different countries. Movements and parties are not just related to each other; both are sited in a broader field of political discourse. Feminist movements and bringing gender into evaluation of the democracy of democratic institutions illustrate this general claim, as the representation of both the people and the issues once defined as private have been transformed into legitimate matters of public political struggle.
Blockage of Electrical Synapses Can Alleviate Neuropathic Pain?*Blockage of Electrical Synapses Can Alleviate Neuropathic Pain?
Authors: Armbruster M. , Bouadi O O. , Morais-Brazil V.C. , Morciano G.
Published: February 2020

Les patients souffrant de douleurs neuropathiques (DN) ont des sensations anormales de douleurs dues à un mauvais contrôle de la transmission des signaux de la douleur. Les neurones GABA, glycine et parvalbumine des cornes dorsales médullaires et épinières communiquent par des synapses électriques formées de jonctions communicantes constituées de connexine 36 (Cx36). Ces neurones auraient une fonction de portail, bloquant ou autorisant la transmission de la douleur au cerveau. Un dysfonctionnement dans ce mécanisme entraînerait des DN. Par conséquent, les auteurs de cet article ont voulu étudier le rôle de la méfloquine, un bloqueur de Cx36, et l’expression de Cx36 dans un modèle de DN obtenu par constriction chronique du nerf infraorbitaire (CCI-IoN) chez le rat. Cx36 est surexprimé spécifiquement dans les neurones GABA de la corne dorsale de la moelle épinière médullaire en conditions neuropathiques. La méfloquine a permis de diminuer l’allodynie mécanique chez les rats CCI-IoN. Ces résultats suggèrent que les jonctions communicantes qui contiennent la Cx36 sont impliquées dans l’allodynie mécanique des douleurs orofaciales en conditions neuropathiques. Cela suggère que les neurones GABA jouent un rôle important dans la perception de douleur et que de futures études sont nécessaires.
Environmental Configurations
Authors: Faeghi Sahar , Roche Sophie
Published: February 2020

Among the many consequences of Iran’s suffering from water shortage in recent decades, the major river of Isfahan city, Zayandeh Rud, has dried out. While experts observe this issue through environmental discourses and local farmers engage in political protests, citizens phrase the loss of the river as a cultural catastrophe. Within the environmental configuration that includes the river, historical buildings, parks, fauna, flora and humans, habitual relationships produce a sense of security and well-being. Since the drought, this configuration has been seriously affected. We suggest the drought is experienced as sociocultural disaster because Zayandeh Rud is a central element for the creation of social, cultural, economic and political relationships. Following the suggestion of Tim Ingold, we conceptualise the environment as the interplay between the German notion of Umwelt (out world) and Innenwelt (subjective world).
Educación y libertad contra una pedagogía del empoderamiento
Authors: Ricardo Esteban Jurado
Published: February 2020

Cualquier pedagogía dirigida hacia la potenciación de las capacidades del individuo, comprendidas como expresión positiva de libertad, dista de ser una postura resistente frente al sistema capitalista en el que se instala, y se torna en expresiones diáfanas de la ideología.
Sistematización de la intervención realizada en un proceso de restablecimiento de derechos desde el enfoque en interlegalidad, adelantado por la Comisaría de Familia de Totoró y el Cabildo Indígena de Novirao
Authors: Lorieth Yuleidy Almario-Pechene  , Lina María Bravo-Guzmán
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo científico describe la sistematización de experiencias de un proceso de restablecimiento de derechos que las autoridades -indígena y ordinaria- adelantaron en favor de una mujer en condición de discapacidad, comunera del cabildo indígena de Novirao del municipio de Totoró, Cauca, quien presuntamente fue víctima de abuso sexual intrafamiliar.

Dicho proceso de restablecimiento incluía directamente a la presunta víctima, pero debido a que la situación se dio al interior del sistema familiar, las autoridades tradicional y administrativa y los profesionales del área psicosocial, por medio de un proceso de interlegalidad, determinaron que la familia debía involucrarse en los trámites y acciones de intervención, principalmente para ser acompañada y orientada.

Mediante el proceso de sistematización se logró identificar que, gracias a la articulación de la autoridad indígena y ordinaria, la usuaria continuó con su vida, finalizó su embarazo y posteriormente se encargó de la crianza de su hija, producto del presunto abuso sexual. Asimismo, se evidenció que aunque la familia se desestabilizó al conocer los presuntos hechos, por medio del acompañamiento y orientación psicosocial recuperaron el equilibrio y dinámica familiar, abordando el sistema familiar de forma integral, teniendo en cuenta el aspecto sociocultural.
Proyecto artístico-músical, Universidad Mariana y su permanencia
Authors: Juan Carlos Estacio-Gómez
Published: February 2020

El movimiento artístico musical de la Universidad Mariana propende por fortalecer y, a la vez, acercar a la comunidad universitaria hacia la experiencia estética musical en el marco del desarrollo humano multidimensional; es decir, la música como un medio para el fortalecimiento del desarrollo humano.
El desarrollo de la industria azucarera en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 1901 - 2015
Authors: Ripoll Echeverría María Teresa
Published: February 2020

En el transcurso del siglo XX, un grupo de empresarios agroindustriales del Valle del Cauca construyó, a través de distintas estrategias, uno de los sectores empresariales más exitosos en Colombia. Líderes en la producción azucarera, los dueños de ingenios del Valle del Cauca han expandido su portafolio de inversiones con la creación de agroindustrias en otras regiones del país y en otros países de América Latina. Hoy la industria azucarera colombiana es uno de los complejos productivos de mayor influencia en el desarrollo económico y social de la región y de Colombia. Este trabajo es una síntesis de las principales etapas que se detectan en ese desarrollo secular, subrayando aquellas estrategias que han sido claves en la productividad, el rendimiento y la sostenibilidad de industria del azúcar en el siglo XX.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI BERBASIS AKRUAL DALAM PENYAJIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA BADAN PENGELOLA KEUANGAN DAN ASET DAERAH PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Lasabuda Anastasya A. , Morasa Jenny , Tirayoh Victorina Z.
Published: February 2020

All government entities using funds from national and regional budgets must prepare financial reports referring to government accounting standards which regulated in government regulation No 71 in 2010 and start begin on 2015. The regional goverment financial reports required to be properly according to applicable regulation. Financial reports regional was a responsibility and performance picture in an accounting periods. The purpose of this study was to analyze the accrual basis implementation of SAP No 71 years 2010 and to know the impact ot the financial statement presentation on BPKAD in North Sulawesi Province. Methods used is descriptive qualitative, through observation, interview, analysis and make inferences. The research results showed the application of the base accrued in BPKAD of North Sulawesi Province in the presentation of the financial statements was in accordance with SAP No 71 years 2010. The impact caused by the accounting system based accrual that this report financial more than easier, quick and integrated, and can tell about information budget expended and can be monitored directly by the management to decision maker.
Pengalaman ibu dengan riwayat preeklamsia dalam kehamilan: scooping review
Authors: Rahayu Antika Maulida , Astuti Andari Wuri , Utami Fitria Siswi
Published: February 2020

Latar belakang: Preeklamsia merupakan komplikasi kehamilan yang meningkatkan risiko 3-8% dari semua morbiditas ibu. Berdasarkan data World Health Organisation (WHO), angka kejadian preeklamsia di seluruh dunia berkisar 0,51%-38,4%, kejadian preeklamsia 7 kali lebih tinggi di negara berkembang. Frekuensi kejadian preeklampsia di Indonesia adalah 3-10% dari seluruh kehamilan. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk memberikan bukti terkini tentang pengalaman ibu dengan riwayat preeklamsia dalam kehamilan. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah scooping review yang terdiri dari tahapan-tahapan, yaitu: melakukan fokusing review dengan framework PEOS (Population, Exposure, Outcome dan Study Design), melakukan literature searching menggunakan databases yang relevan. Menyeleksi studi yang relevan menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi; melakukan critical appraisal untuk menilai kualitas literature, melakukan data ekstraksi, menganalisis dan melaporkan hasil. PRISMA Flowchart (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses), digunakan untuk menggambarkan alur pencarian literature. Hasil: sebanyak 7 artikel masuk dalam kriteria inklusi dan kemudian dengan Grade A dan B di lanjutkan proses review. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi konsep-konsep kunci yang menghasilkan 4 tema yaitu: faktor penyebab preeklamsia, dampak preeklamsia, budaya masyarakat terkait preeklamsia, dan respon ibu yang mengalami preeklamsia. Simpulan: kelainan dalam kehamilan seperti preeklamsia yang sering terjadi di negara maju maupun di negara berkembang, di dalam penelitian di sebutkan bahwa mayoritas ibu dengan riwayat preeklamsia cenderung beresiko alami kelahiran prematur hingga perdarahan pasca melahirkan dan dapat menyebabkan kematian apabila terlambat penanganan pelayanan kesehatan.
Стан кадрового забезпечення в контексті активізації інноваційного розвитку регіону
Authors: Крамчанінова М.Д. , Швець Н.В. , Паничок М.Ю.
Published: February 2020

Стаття присвячена вивченню стану і проблемам кадрового забезпечення інноваційного розвитку на рівні регіону та пошуку шляхів його покращення. В рамках дослідження визначено взаємозв'язок між кадровим забезпеченням та інноваційною активністю підприємств Луганської області. Отримані результати свідчить про наявність замкнутого кола проблем та критичність ситуації у регіоні. Визначена необхідність втручання в неї держави з метою припинення відтоку інноваційно-активних кадрів з регіону, стимулювання переходу підприємств до інноваційного типу господарювання для забезпечення посткризового відновлення і розвитку економіки Луганської області.
УНІВЕРСИТЕТСЬКА ІСЛАМСЬКА ОСВІТА В УКРАЇНІ: РЕАЛІЇ СЬОГОДЕННЯ
Authors: Рашидов С. Ф. , Рашидова С. С.
Published: February 2020

У статті проаналізовано сучасний стан університетської ісламської освіти в Україні. Такі суспільні процеси, як демократія і глобалізація, позначаються і на ісламській освіті в Україні. Одним із наслідків цих процесів є все більший радіус дії українських мусульман в університетській ісламській освіті та започаткування нових ісламських університетських освітніх інституцій. Підкреслено, що університетська ісламська освіта в Україні сфокусована виключно на ісламській конфесійній традиції, метою якої є релігійна індоктринація за допомогою передачі учням знань про Коран, сунни, шаріат і навичок ісламської релігійної практики.

В ході дослідження авторами були проаналізовані ЗМІ, отримані відомості з Державної служби етнополітики та свободи совісті Міністерства культури України та Міністерства освіти і науки України, вивчені ісламські онлайн-університети, взято інтерв'ю у муфтіїв, імамів, керівників релігійних організацій, педагогів ісламських освітніх інституцій, релігієзнавців і пересічних мусульман.

Ісламська освіта – навчання і виховання, що здійснюються на основі Корану і сунни (сунна – сукупність переказів про слова і вчинки пророка Мухаммада), в інтересах індивіда, мусульманської громади, а іноді і держави. Університетська ісламська освіта є частиною системи ісламської освіти в Україні. Українські мусульмани мають можливість отримати ісламську освіту при муфтіяті та онлайн-університетах.

Проведений аналіз сучасного стану університетської ісламської освіти в Україні свідчить про неможливість інституційної централізації та уніфікації університетської ісламської освіти мусульманськими організаціями України. Це пов’язано з різною інтерпретацію ісламу ісламськими духовними центрами.

Ключові слова: іслам, ісламська ідентичність, ісламський університет, ісламська освіта, університетська ісламська освіта в Україні.
Chronic Testicular Pain- A Review of Literature
Authors: Mallik Ashraf Uddin , Islam Md waliul , Islam MS , Islam Md shahidul , Islam AHM Manjurul , Hossain Anwar , Hossain Zinnat
Published: February 2020

Objective: To review the current understanding of testicular pain, possible etiology and the available treatment options.
Materials and Methods: A literature search was made for abstract, original and review articles in the Medline, hand-searched relevant reference lists and conference proceedings and medical text book using the word “testicular pain” and orchialgia to find out possible etiology, understanding of testicular pain and treatment options.
Results: After literature search, it has found that management of testicular pain sometimes a challenging work for an Urologist. Management differs for the original etiology and for testicular and extra testicular causes. Sometimes symptomatic treatment improve the quality of life but in few cases surgery is mandatory for relieve of pain.
Conclusions: Management of chronic testicular pain depends on careful assessment of the causes. Relieve of symptoms is not always possible with analgesic only, in that case blockade of the spermatic cord will be helpful. Decision for surgery should not be undertaken quickly for there is no guarantee that there will always be resolution of pain For that reason patient should be counseled accordingly.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 15, No. 1, Jan 2012 p.18-20
Specific Influenza Therapy: Current State and Prospects (Review)
Authors: Odnovorov A. I. , Grebennikova T. V. , Pleteneva T. V.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Respiratory infections are among the leaders in morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most severe cases of the disease are most often caused by the flu virus. Currently, there are many ways of specific prevention and treatment of influenza infection, but their effectiveness is far from ideal. This is due to the high variability of the influenza virus and the subsequent occurrence of resistance to the drugs used. In this regard, the improvement and development of antiviral drugs is an urgent task.

Text. Influenza virus is an RNA-containing virus that causes massive epidemics and pandemics. Specific influenza prophylaxis includes vaccination. However, antigenic variability of the virus reduces the effectiveness of the vaccine, which requires constant costly development of its more advanced modifications. Specific treatment for influenza infection includes several classes of drugs, such as neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors oseltamivir, zanamivir and M2 protein inhibitors amantadine, rimantadine. At one time, these drugs were quite effective. But the formed resistance of influenza viruses to these drugs requires the creation of new or modifications of existing antiviral agents. Among the new domestic developments of antiviral drugs, histidyl-1-adamantainethylamine, which is a modification of the rimantadine molecule, has shown sufficient antiviral activity at the stage of preclinical studies. A representative of another class of drugs is arbidol (umifenovir), an inhibitor of hemagglutinin (HA) of the influenza virus. According to studies, the drug has high profiles of efficacy and safety, but the recommendation of the World Health Organization is to continue clinical trials. Currently, clinical studies of new classes of drugs are underway – baloxavir marboxil and favipiravir. Baloxavir marboxyl is a prodrug that is converted in vivo to baloxavir, an inhibitor of cap-dependent endonuclease. Favipiravir is an inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. In vitro studies in cell culture and in vivo in laboratory animals have shown higher efficacy of these drugs than the above with minimal toxicity.

Conclusion. The rapid evolution of the influenza virus leads to a gradual decrease in the effectiveness of modern antiviral drugs. New compounds targeting targets important for virus reproduction are in clinical trials. The future of the fight against influenza depends on the outcome of these tests, according to which the compounds can become effective drugs for the prevention and treatment of influenza.
Testing assumptions about sex change and spatial management in the protogynous gag grouper, Mycteroperca microlepis
Authors: Lowerre-Barbieri S , Menendez H , Bickford J , Switzer TS , Barbieri L , Koenig C
Published: February 2020

Gag grouperMycteroperca microlepisare protogynous hermaphrodites, for which the assumption of female-driven reproductive potential may be inaccurate. In protogynous species, male abundance, fertilization success, and stock productivity are affected by where and when sex change occurs and how fishing pressure affects male recruitment and survivorship. In this study, we integrated large spatial-scale data with high-resolution data from a 3 yr study sampling gag at deep-water sites with varying spatial management (a marine protected area [MPA], a seasonally closed area, and an 'Open area'). Gag exhibited complex spatial ecology; females formed pre-spawning aggregations before migrating to deep-water spawning sites, which overlapped with locations where males were sampled year-round. The observed male sex ratio in the MPA was 5% compared to the expected 15%. It was 0% in less protected areas. Sex change occurred occasionally in small fish and before, during, and after the spawning season. In addition, sex change was observed in pre-spawning female-only aggregations as well on the spawning grounds, indicating that male social cues are not requisite. We propose that shallow-water, pre-spawning aggregations are a key spatio-temporal bottleneck to gag productivity. They appear to be an important source of transitionals and are heavily fished, which may negatively impact male recruitment to the spawning grounds. Our results indicate that overall gag abundance is low, MPAs do not protect all recruiting males (as previously assumed), and current regulations are not sufficient for the male population to recover to historic levels (~17% male).
Síndrome de Burnout y variables psicosociales en funcionarios penitenciarios de Arica- Chile
Authors: Álvarez Cabrera Percy Leonardo , Chacón Fuertes Fernando , Sánchez Moreno Esteban , Araya Urquiola Yerko
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del artículo es determinar las variables asociadas al desarrollo del síndrome de Burnout (SBO) en funcionarios de un centro penitenciario de Arica, Chile. Se diseñó un estudio transversal de carácter ex post facto retrospectivo, con alcance correlacional, y una muestra de 290 personas. Se aplicaron criterios normativos de Gil-Monte y Peiró para determinar los niveles SBO, encontrándose que 164 participantes (56.6%), 124 (42.8%) y 194 (66.9%) experimentaron altos niveles de SBO en realización personal, agotamiento emocional y despersonalización, con una prevalencia de SBO de 21,4%. Los modelos de regresión permiten explicar las puntuaciones para las tres dimensiones del SBO a partir de las variables independientes.
Factores que influyen en el proceso emprendedor local. Apreciaciones de emprendedores turísticos de Esquel (Argentina)
Authors: López Silvia Mabel , Gauna Lavayén Mariana , Fernández María Victoria , Ramírez María Celeste , Cesar Rubén Ángel
Published: February 2020

En Esquel, Chubut, Argentina, la sociedad ha debatido y reconocido el turismo como una actividad económica relevante para estimular el desarrollo local. Frente a la hipótesis de que el Estado no aparece como promotor del desarrollo turístico y de que existe una escasa coordinación público-privada, los objetivos del artículo son indagar sobre las apreciaciones de los emprendedores turísticos de Esquel respecto al rol que cumple el Estado en el proceso emprendedor en turismo y presentar algunas reflexiones preliminares. Los resultados de 76 encuestas realizadas a emprendedores turísticos señalan que el 84% considera que no se estimula la creación de emprendimientos turísticos, y entre los causales aparecen los vinculados con la acción del Estado. A su vez, el 39% menciona haber recibido ayuda estatal en capacitaciones, entre otros aspectos.
Historical and Imagined GIS Borderlandscapes of the American West: Larry McMurtry's Lonesome Dove Tetralogy and LA Noirscapes
Authors: Travis Charles
Published: February 2020

Larry McMurtry's Pulitzer Prize winning counter-western Lonesome Dove (part of a tetralogy, set between 1840 and 1900) and the works of LA Noir detective fiction writers (from the 1940s to 1997) represent the American west and urban southwest of Los Angeles as a dynamic mosaic of human and environmental borderlandscapes. McMurtry's perspective provides an Anglo-European eye, influenced by Cervantean Iberian literary tropes on the transformation of the West from indigenous and Spanish trails to American rail-road tracks. The LA Noirscapes map phenomenologically illustrates how the location of novel settings cluster in contiguous and convergent places on a street grid palimpsest of Los Angeles between 1949 and 1997. Employing HumGIS methods, this essay considers the marriage of empirical cartography and impressionistic topography; the former concerned with latitude, longitude and space, the latter with plotting literary, historical and cultural perceptions and experiences of place. By engaging the concept of Euclidian space with the phenomenology of place, geographers can contextualize field work, and other methods with literary, cartographical and GIS analysis to uncover the means to craft new avenues to study the dynamic and symbiotic formations of historical landscapes, identities, senses of place and location.
Representation in Geosocial Data: Grappling with Uncertainty in Digital Traces of Human Activity
Authors: Hultquist Carolynne
Published: February 2020

Researchers from the spatial humanities can play an active role in the ongoing discussion around representation and uncertainty in geosocial data. Opportunistic geosocial data from crowdsourced and user contributions are typically available in large quantities, however, these data are generally not sampled or collected with intentionality for research purposes. Therefore, digital traces from geolocationally-enabled devices may not provide data that are directly relevant to addressing precise questions or being used in applications of societal interest. It is crucial to first understand characteristics of geosocial data prior to proceeding with interpretation. The spatial humanities could encourage realization of the role data analysts and researchers play in creating narrative in light of large opportunistic data with many facets of uncertainty. An approach is proposed that suggests directions of inquiry into data limitations based on the characteristics of the source and the properties of the data. Finally, this article notes that the digital world influences the activities of individuals in real-life so the generalizability of the behaviour of users may be limited. Integrating other forms of relevant spatial data can help to bound uncertainty and constrain the interpretation of geosocial data.
Revolução Cubana: Influências e Desdobramentos
Authors: Carlos de Souza Daniel
Published: February 2020

Recebido: 15/10/2019

Aprovado: 27/11/2019
Color Enhancement Strategies for 3D Printing of X-ray Computed Tomography Bone Data for Advanced Anatomy Teaching Models
Authors: Inoue Megumi , Freel Tristan , Van Avermaete Anthony , Leevy W. Matthew
Published: February 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) printed anatomical models are valuable visual aids that are widely used in clinical and academic settings to teach complex anatomy. Procedures for converting human biomedical image datasets, like X-ray computed tomography (CT), to prinTable 3D files were explored, allowing easy reproduction of highly accurate models; however, these largely remain monochrome. While multi-color 3D printing is available in two accessible modalities (binder-jetting and poly-jet/multi-jet systems), studies embracing the viability of these technologies in the production of anatomical teaching models are relatively sparse, especially for sub-structures within a segmentation of homogeneous tissue density. Here, we outline a strategy to manually highlight anatomical subregions of a given structure and multi-color 3D print the resultant models in a cost-effective manner. Readily available high-resolution 3D reconstructed models are accessible to the public in online libraries. From these databases, four representative files (of a femur, lumbar vertebra, scapula, and innominate bone) were selected and digitally color enhanced with one of two strategies (painting or splitting) guided by Feneis and Dauber’s Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy. Resulting models were created via 3D printing with binder-jet and/or poly-jet machines with important features, such as muscle origin and insertion points, highlighted using multiple colors. The resulting multi-color, physical models are promising teaching tools that will enhance the anatomical learning experience.
Dispersion and Damping of Phononic Excitations in Fermi Superfluid Gases in 2D
Authors: Lumbeeck Lars-Paul , Tempere Jacques , Klimin Serghei
Published: February 2020

We calculate the sound velocity and the damping rate of the collective excitations of a 2D fermionic superfluid in a non-perturbative manner. Specifically, we focus on the Anderson–Bogoliubov excitations in the BEC-BCS crossover regime, as these modes have a sound-like dispersion at low momenta. The calculation is performed within the path-integral formalism and the Gaussian pair fluctuation approximation. From the action functional, we obtain the propagator of the collective excitations and determine their dispersion relation by locating the poles of this propagator. We find that there is only one kind of collective excitation, which is stable at T = 0 and has a sound velocity of v F / 2 for all binding energies, i.e., throughout the BEC-BCS crossover. As the temperature is raised, the sound velocity decreases and the damping rate shows a non-monotonous behavior: after an initial increase, close to the critical temperature T C the damping rate decreases again. In general, higher binding energies provide higher damping rates. Finally, we calculate the response functions and propose that they can be used as another way to determine the sound velocity.
An Optimal Air-Conditioner On-Off Control Scheme under Extremely Hot Weather Conditions
Authors: Al-Azba Mohammed , Cen Zhaohui , Remond Yves , Ahzi Said
Published: February 2020

Being reliant on Air Conditioning (AC) throughout the majority of the year, desert countries with extremely hot weather conditions such as Qatar are facing challenges in lowering weariness cost due to AC On-Off switching while maintaining an adequate level of comfort under a wide-range of ambient temperature variations. To address these challenges, this paper investigates an optimal On-Off control strategy to improve the AC utilization process. To overcome complexities of online optimization, a Elman Neural Networks (NN)-based estimator is proposed to estimate real values of the outdoor temperature, and make off-line optimization available. By looking up the optimum values solved from an off-line optimization scheme, the proposed control solutions can adaptively regulate the indoor temperature regardless of outdoor temperature variations. In addition, a cost function of multiple objectives, which consider both Coefficient of Performance (COP), and AC compressor weariness due to On-Off switching, is designed for the optimization target of minimum cost. Unlike conventional On-Off control methodologies, the proposed On-Off control technique can respond adaptively to match large-range (up to 20 ∘ C) ambient temperature variations while overcoming the drawbacks of long-time online optimization due to heavy computational load. Finally, the Elman NN based outdoor temperature estimator is validated with an acceptable accuracy and various validations for AC control optimization under Qatar’s real outdoor temperature conditions, which include three hot seasons, are conducted and analyzed. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed optimal On-Off control solution.
Effect of Collagen Peptide, Alone and in Combination with Calcium Citrate, on Bone Loss in Tail-Suspended Rats
Authors: Liu Junli , Wang Jianing , Guo Yanchuan
Published: February 2020

Oral administration of bovine collagen peptide (CP) combined with calcium citrate (CC) has been found to inhibit bone loss in ovariectomized rats. However, the protective effects of CP and CP–CC against bone loss have not been investigated in a tail-suspension simulated microgravity (SMG) rat model. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 40) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8): a control group with normal gravity, a SMG control group, and three SMG groups that underwent once-daily gastric gavage with CP (750 mg/kg body weight), CC (75 mg/kg body weight) or CP–CC (750 and 75 mg/kg body weight, respectively) for 28 days. After sacrifice, the femurs were analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, three-point bending mechanical tests, microcomputed tomography, and serum bone metabolic markers. Neither CP nor CP–CC treatment significantly inhibited bone loss in SMG rats, as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and three-point bending mechanical tests. However, both CP and CP–CC treatment were associated with partial prevention of the hind limb unloading-induced deterioration of bone microarchitecture, as demonstrated by improvements in trabecular number and trabecular separation. CP–CC treatment increased serum osteocalcin levels. Dietary supplementation with CP or CP–CC may represent an adjunct strategy to reduce the risk of fracture in astronauts.
Triangulum City Dashboard: An Interactive Data Analytic Platform for Visualizing Smart City Performance
Authors: Farmanbar Mina , Rong Chunming
Published: February 2020

Cities are becoming smarter by incorporating hardware technology, software systems, and network infrastructure that provide Information Technology (IT) systems with real-time awareness of the real world. What makes a “smart city” functional is the combined use of advanced infrastructure technologies to deliver its core services to the public in a remarkably efficient manner. City dashboards have drawn increasing interest from both city operators and citizens. Dashboards can gather, visualize, analyze, and inform regional performance to support the sustainable development of smart cities. They provide useful tools for evaluating and facilitating urban infrastructure components and services. This work proposes an interactive web-based data visualization and data analytics toolkit supported by big data aggregation tools. The system proposed is a cloud-based prototype that supports visualization and real-time monitoring of city trends while processing and displaying large data sets on a standard web browser. However, it is capable of supporting online analysis processing by answering analytical queries and producing graphics from multiple resources. The aim of this platform is to improve communication between users and urban service providers and to give citizens an overall view of the city’s state. The conceptual framework and architecture of the proposed platform are explored, highlighting design challenges and providing insight into the development of smart cities. Moreover, results and the potential statistical analysis of important city services offered by the system are introduced. Finally, we present some challenges and opportunities identified through the development of the city data platform.
Schwarzschild Field of a Proper Time Oscillator
Authors: Yau Hou
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we show that an oscillator in proper time can mimic a point mass at rest in general relativity. The spacetime outside this proper time oscillator is static and satisfies the Schwarzschild solution.
EVALUATING THE CHANGES IN SEXUAL QUALITY OF WOMEN WITH LOWER GENITAL TRACT INFECTION AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL
Authors: Nguyen Thi My Thom , Vo Hoang Lam , Nguyen Tien Nhut , Le Lam Huong
Published: February 2020

Background: The rate of reproductive tract infections was high. It had a significant impact on the quality of women of life. Sexual disorders were taken interest all over the world.
Aim: To evaluate the changes in sexual quality of women with lower genital tract infection at Hue Hospital of Medicine and Pharmacy.
Method: A cross study was conducted on 289 women, from 06/2016 to 12/2017 at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, based on the questionnaire assessment of sexual function in women SQoL-F.
Result: Cervicitis (22.5%); hypertrophy in the cervical muscle (10.7%); cervical ectropion (16.3%); Nabohthian cysts (11.1%), polyp (0.1%). The changed character in vulvitis of low sexual quality of life (SQoL) was 19.2% while the percentage of medium and high group were 80.8% and 0.0%, respectively. In vaginitis group, the low SQoL-F was 41.5%; medium SQoL was 58.5% and high SQoL was0.0%. The changed in cervicitis group of low SQoL was 35.4%, while the rate of medium and high group were 64.6%, 0.0%. The percentage of low and medium and high SQoL in inflammation of many positions group were 34.7%, 65.3% and 0.0%. The percent of lost psychosexual feelings of vulvitis group of low SQoL was 43.6%, medium group was 65.4% and 0.0% of low SQoL. While the rate of low, medium and high sexual quality of life in the vaginitis group were 45.2%, 54.8% and 0.0% respectively. In the cervicitis group, the proportion were respectively 39.2%, 60.8% and 0.0% for from low to high levels the levels of SQoL. For the inhited sexual activity, the rate of vulvitis group of low SQoL was 11.5%, medium group (88.5%). While the rate of low and medium and high sexual quality of life in the vaginitis group were 45.2%, 52.8%, 2.2% respectively. In the cervicitis group, the proportion were respectively 42.9%, 57.1% and 0.0% for from low to high levels of SQoL. The rate of inflammation of many positions group of low SQoL was 34.7%; medium (65.3%); high (0.0%).
Conclusion: The problem of sexual dysfunction in women was needed more attention.

Key words: Vulvitis, Vanginitis, Cervicitis, sexual quality of life, SQoL
Politická gramotnosť ako aspekt budovania občianskej spoločnosti v Slovenskej republike
Authors: Čársky Jaroslav , Veselská Evamária
Published: February 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze political literature in Slovakia. The article highlights first-timevoters. This age category will be discussed due to the high influence offirst-time voters on election results, especially in the parliamentary elections.On the other hand, the great influence of first-time voters on the part of different political parties is an important reason, since the first-timevoters, young people, in the age of 18, still attend secondary schools withwell-defined curriculum. However, the school system does not sufficiently inform young people about various topics, so that first-time voters cannot distinguish true information from populism. This paper does not claim anoverall analysis of political literature in Slovakia. We used content analysis of text, method of description and method of questionnaire. We used the interpretative method. In the analysis of the questionnaires we confirmed the hypothesis and can be understood as confirmed, as young people who currently have unlimited access to information do not use this possibility to gain knowledge and overview of political events in Slovakia, do not try to find objective or truthful information and therefore they can be considered a group with a low level of political literacy.
Súčasný stav riadenia verejnej správy
Authors: Gogová Adriána
Published: February 2020

The public sector is part of social reality based on state, communal ownership. The point is to provide public services that are financed from public funds. Public administration is an activity performed by state administration bodies, self-governments and public institutions in performing public tasks. Its main objective is the pursuit of public welfare through the strengthening of civil society and social justice. The article aims to identify the state of public administration in the 21st century with the aim to point out the possibilities of effective setting with justification for the future. The obtained information comes from the analysis of secondary sources. Slovakia needs a quality public sector as a product of public policy of the state, which, within the efficient management of public resources, will ensure quality and well-functioning systems of education, health care and social security. Only a well-functioning and sufficiently efficient public sector can effectively support the qualitative development of society, the socio-economic balance and the life security of the population.
Kompetencie obcí na úseku stavebného poriadku v SR – nutnosť novej legislatívnej úpravy
Authors: Lichnerová Ivana , Marišová Eleonóra
Published: February 2020

The Act No. 453/2001 Coll., amending the Act on municipal establishment, allows municipalities to conclude contracts for the purpose of carrying out a specific task or activity. Following the Act No. 416/2001 Coll. – so called small competence law, municipalities have to perform the delegated competencies from the state authorities to municipalities. In this paper we analyze the competence of municipalities at the level of the building order (building permissions, zoning plans, occupancy permit decisions). Financial support of the transferred competencies to municipalities is regulated by Act No. 523/2004 Coll. on Financial Rules of the Government, however, these resources are not sufficient, which leads the municipalities at the level of the building order to merge into the common municipal offices, not only for financial but also for personal reasons. The applied method of regression analysis shows that the total amount of the state subsidy is influenced by the number of inhabitants, both in NR and KE region. The correlation dependence in both cases is 1 (high correlation dependency).). However, common building offices are established without any control and no precise legislation , as it is in the case of registry offices, according to the Act No. 154/1994 Coll. on registers, as amended. In this paper we use methods of analysis of the operations of selected building offices in Nitra and Košice Regions. We refer to the possibility of creation of building offices based on the new amendment to Act No. 369/1990 Coll. on municipal establishment by creating a potential model of building offices, as it is the case with registry offices. List of territorial districts of municipal offices performing the building order competencies, included in the new legislation, could in our view, solve the uncoordinated establishment of common building offices.
Zvyšovanie kompetencií orgánov Európskej únie ako jedna z príčin nárastu extrémistických a radikálnych politických strán
Authors: Mindár Matej
Published: February 2020

Extremist and radical political parties have been getting great support in several Member States of the European Union. One of the main reasons are the continuous growing of competences of the European Union institutions. The aim of our article is to analyze selected extremist and radical political parties from Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Austria, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland working in the current European Parliament. As the research method of the quantitative approach we have chosen the method of content analysis. In the analysis and interpretation of the research results we have used the method of interpretation of exploratory analysis. Based on the results of our research, we have found that selected political parties are dismissing the current direction of the European Union. They are dismissing further movement of sovereignty to the EU institutions. Their relatively high support among European voters is made by traditional political parties pursuing a policy of deeper integration.
Miestny rozvoj vedený komunitou ako integrovaný nástroj podpory spolupráce a miestneho ekonomického rozvoja
Authors: Pospišová Lucia
Published: February 2020

Community Led Local Development is a tool for involving local actors in decision making of social, economic and environmental development of their territory during the Programming period 2014 – 2020. This approach enable to enforce own local solutions for the problems of rural areas and use local development potential. These solutions are realized by local people and are sustainable in the long term period. European Structural and Investment Funds should therefore be used to addressing specific local problems with the sustainable use of local potential and resources. The object of this article is CLLD and its implementation in the current programming period in the Slovak Republic. The paper is focused on theoretical works and studies and is aimed to analyze the theoretical background of the issue and the real implementation of this approach. An important fact is that the CLLD strategies should have been fully implemented in Local Action Groups by this time. Due to the various issues described in this paper there is a possibility that the potential of this tool would not be fully used in the Slovak Republic during this programming period.
Two New Species of Ardisia (Primulaceae) from Southeastern Madagascar
Authors: Manjato Nadiah , Ravololomanana Noromalala , Razakamalala Richard
Published: February 2020

Ardisia sharoniae Manjato, Ravololoman.& Razakamal. and A. vohimenensis Manjato, Ravololoman. & Razakamal. (Primulaceae) are described as new species from southeastern Madagascar, the former from the Ankarabolava and Agnakatrika forests (Atsimo-Atsinanana Region) and the latter from the Vohimena range (Anosy Region). They differ from the four currently recognized Malagasy species of Ardisia Sw. by their leaves with serrate margins and their striking angulate twigs. The two new species differ from one another in several characters of their leaves, inflorescences, and fruits. An illustration and a distribution map are provided for each species. Preliminary assessments of the risk of extinction following the IUCN Red List categories and criteria indicate that both are Endangered. An identification key to the seven species of Ardisia occurring in Madagascar is presented.