bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Aplikasi E-Book Elektrokimia Berbasis Android Untuk Menumbuhkan Self-Directed Learning Mahasiswa
Authors: Rasmawan* Rahmat , Erlina Erlina
Published: August 2021

Students' weak ability to understand electrochemical concepts is due to the lack of self-directed learning (SDL) in finding their own understanding outside the classroom and not used to evaluate the learning difficulties they experienced. The android-based e-books could be used to support students’ independent learning, to evaluate learning outcomes through practice questions and direct feedback, and to exchange opinions between students and lecturers. The aim of this study is to produce an android-based electrochemical e-book to emerge students’ SDL. To achieve the aim, this study employs ADDIE development models which consist of five steps; analyze, design, develop, implement and evaluate. Data were collected using content validity, face validity assessment, response questionnaires and SDL. The result of content validity is 0.94 and categorized as valid. Based on face validity, vast majority of users stated that the e-book application is attractive and easy to use. Moreover, the explanation, graphics, videos, quiz questions and discussion in the e-book application are clear. The results of the implementation of application as additional learning resource for electrochemical concepts can foster students’ SDL in the high category with an average percentage of confidence at 87.20%. Students show a positive response to the use of the application in helping them understand the concepts, working on assignments, discussions between friends and lecturers, digging more in-depth information, and do practice questions in a short time, also easy to use. Thus, it can be concluded that the android-based e-book application could help students develop their SDL
Developing Picture Storybook in The Human Excretory System Concepts for Improving Students’ Interests Science Learning
Authors: Panjaitan* Ruqiah Ganda Putri , Shidiq Galih Albarra , Pratiwi Wulan Muhar , Yokhebed Yokhebed
Published: August 2021

The excretion system are completely abstractive and complex, so it is desirable a tool that can visualize the excretion process and enable students to understand the modules well. The using of picture storybook is potential to increase the interest and activities of students. The response is a measurable reaction produced by somebody in analyzing an object that can generate an attitude. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate students’ responses to the picture storybook as a part of the teaching material which can facilitate students' thinking. This study involved the seven steps: the introduction, planning, and development of the initial product, initial field trial, revision on the main product, field trial, and revision on the operational product. The field trial was conducted to determine students’ responses to the dimension of cognitive, affective, and conative aspects through exploring three secondary schools around Pontianak, Indonesia.  Subjects in this study were students in grade 8 who had been educated with an excretion system with a total number of three students in each school for the initial field trials; while there were 12 students from each school for the main field trials. Instruments used in this study were a validation paper and a student response form. The results of the initial field trial showed the cognitive aspects (84.57%); the affective aspects (89.38%); and the conative aspects (89.46%). The implication of this research was about the possibility to use a picture storybook for increasing students' interests in science learning that we examined by the subject categories
The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Creative and Critical Thinking Skills in Static Fluid Topics
Authors: Wenno Izaak Hendrik , Jamaludin Jamaludin , Batlolona* John Rafafy
Published: August 2021

Creative and critical thinking skills are one of the demands of new skills needed by students in the current era. One of the learning models that can sharpen creative and critical thinking skills is Problem based learning (PBL). Heretofore, research related to creative and critical thinking skills with PBL in understanding static fluid material is still minimal. Therefore, this research explored it. This study aimed to analyze the effect of PBL on students' creative and critical thinking skills. This type of research is experimental with a total of 58 students, both experimental class and control class in 10th-grade science class Christian Senior High School YPKPM Ambon. The research procedure in the form of creative and critical thinking skills tests carried out during the research process and data analysis used was the independent sample t-test. The results showed that the average value of the experimental class students' learning achievement related to students' creative and critical thinking skills was higher than the conventional class. This implies that PBL facilitates in improving students' creative and critical thinking skills on static fluid.
Evolution of institutions of power in Arab monarchies in the new conditions of socio-political development
Authors: Sapronova M. A.
Published: August 2021

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Metatextuality and Intertextuality in Discourse Analysis
Authors: Balabin V. V.
Published: August 2021

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In Search of the Future: American Assessment of the USSR's Participation in the Post-War Organization of Europe in 1941-1945
Authors: Myagkov M. Y.
Published: August 2021

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Balance of Power, Interdependence, and Identity: Competing Empirical Models for Solving the Security Dilemma
Authors: Timofeev I. N.
Published: August 2021

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Diplomacy by Russia, Diplomacy by Serbian. The First Soviet’s Representatives in Belgrad, and the First Yugoslav’s representatives in Moscow
Authors: Timofeev A. Y.
Published: August 2021

USSR and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia didn’t have any diplomatic relations till 1940 from the moment of their creation after the First World War. Belgrade has to change its anticommunist policy only after the fall of France and in 1940 the diplomatic relations were established. Comparing of Russian and Yugoslav diplomats’ biographies and diplomatic activities is an adequate way to understand a role of subjective factor and mutual stereotypes in the further contacts between Moscow and Belgrade.
Ethnic minorities and nation-building in the post-Soviet space: Constructing a theoretical framework
Authors: Kudryashova I. , Meleshkina E.
Published: August 2021

Divisions over recognition of Kosovo, Abkhazia and South Ossetia’s independence put in focus policies towards ethnic minorities, structuring and legitimization of power in newly-formed multi-ethnic states. In most cases state-building requires the homogenization of population, i.e. “nationalizing” policies of both exclusion and inclusion. The relevant European experience has been conceptualized by political scientists examining the key parameters of “nationalizing” policies used in respect of ethnic minorities as well as the influence of centre-periphery polarity and different ways of political control maintenance on the process of state- and nation-building. Applying these approaches to the post-Soviet realities the authors offer a theoretical framework for analyzing grounds, forms and consequences of the politicization of ethnicity and evaluation of possible stability/instability, including secessions, bringing a realistic perspective to bear on what is happening and what can be done.
Money supply in Russian Federation: the analysis of monetary aggregates and their influence on the inflation
Authors: Uryupina A. A.
Published: August 2021

The money supply growth is one of the main factors responsible for inflation in Russian Federation. The article examines the money supply in Russia in the past few years: the evolution, structure and other characteristics of monetary aggregates and how the growth of monetary aggregates effects the price level in Russia.
Antirecessionary policy of Russia and USA: similarities and distinctions
Authors: Bulatov A. S.
Published: August 2021

В статье анализируются причины и ход кризиса в обеих странах и их антикризисная политика. Хотя в этой политике есть немало схожего, но есть и различия - в США власти делают упор на поддержку потребительского спроса, а в России - на поддержку крупного бизнеса и малоимущих.
The critical development of the oil industry in Russia
Authors: Tomberg I. R.
Published: August 2021

Мировой экономический спад, сопровождающийся падением спроса на нефть, существенно отразился на развитии мировой нефтяной промышленности. Падение спроса и, как результат, обвал нефтяных цен, заставляет нефтяные компании с пессимизмом ожидать дальнейшей стагнации и сокращать инвестиции по всем направлениям - от геологоразведки до бурения и переработки. Не составили исключения и российские нефтяные компании, которые, правда, разделились на «оптимистов», несколько нарастивших добычу весной 2009 г., и «пессимистов», сокративших бурение и инвестиции ввиду «мрачных перспектив» этого года. Общее у всех - ожидание от государства если не прямой поддержки (хотя и она имела место), то хотя бы некоторого ослабления регуляторного давления. Государство, похоже, настроено ослабить налоговый пресс, хотя и само оказывается весьма стесненным в плане необходимости наполнения бюджета, в основном базирующегося на «нефтедолларах».
«Intertext interpretation in a political discourse»
Authors: Belyakov. M. V.
Published: August 2021

The author investigates a question of specific features of political discourse and, in particular, occurrences and functioning in its frames intertext as one of its indispensable components.
Latvia’s recipe
Authors: Zhdanov S. V.
Published: August 2021

This article contains the analysis of the results of socioeconomic development of the Republic of Latvia over the five-year period after joining the EU, distinct characteristics of economic policy of its Government during the current world crisis, as well as the evaluation of perspectives of Russian-Latvian interaction.
«Authoritarian Transition of Peripheral Countries of Interwar Europe: Politological Analysis»
Authors: Ponomareva E. G.
Published: August 2021

The author ponders on the causes of the crisis of democraticmodels in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, South-East Europe and the Baltic states. Having analysed a complex of factors, she comes to the conclusion that the authoritarian transition of European peripheral countries in the interwar period (1918—1939) was appropriate. While all authoritarian regimes of the period in the region under study were characterized by three foundations of authoritarianism– Fuhrerprinzip, ideas of constructing nationstate and nationalism, specific traits allow to distinguish between three clusters of authoritarian regimes in the interwar Europe: military-bureaucratic, corporate (guild) and pre-totalitarian (fascist mobilization) ones. However, the main conclusion is: the complex economic, political and socio-cultural situation in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, South-East Europe and the Baltic states aggravated by the consequences of globalization and world financial crisis is able to provoke recurrences of authoritarian transition.
International Conflict between Law and Expediency
Authors: Fel’dman D. M.
Published: August 2021

The author examines the inconsistency between regulations currently in force and international law principles on the one hand and requirements of expediency and effectiveness of behavior of participants of international conflicts – on the other. The author reveals interconnections between the stability of individual international systems’ and global state-centric world system and conflicts and scenarios of interactions among actors of international conflicts.
Upper Precambrian General Stratigraphic Scale of Russia: Main problems and proposals for improvement
Authors: Dub S. A.
Published: August 2021

Research subject. Main problems of the General Stratigraphic Scale (GSS) of the Upper Precambrian including uncertainties in the hierarchy of subdivisions are analyzed.

Results.Prospects for detailing the Upper Precambrian GSS are discussed, along with questions of its correlation with International Chronostratigraphic Chart (ICSC) and establishing the lower boundaries of chronostratigraphic subdivisions. The importance of unifying the existing views is emphasized.

Conclusions.It is proposed to carry out the following reforms of GSS: to abolish Acrothemes / Acrons; to approve the Proterozoic (as well as the Archean) as an Eonotheme / Eon; to minimize the use of terms “Upper Proterozoic” and “Lower Proterozoic”; to assign the Riphean and Vendian to the rank of Erathem / Era (while preserving the status of the Vendian as a System / Period); to consider Burzyanian, Yurmatinian, Karatavian and Arshinian as Systems / Periods of the Riphean. Attention is focused on the Upper Riphean-Vendian interval. The lower boundary of the Upper Riphean (Karatavian) was proposed to establish according to the first appearance of theTrachyhystrichosphaera sp.microfossils. Then, the Terminal Riphean (Arshinian) lower boundary should be traced to the base of the tillites formed during the global Sturtian glaciation (which approximately corresponds to the base of the Cryogenian in ICSC). Apparently, the Vendian lower boundary may be raised to the level of the top of the Gaskiers tillites, as the deposits of the last major glaciation in the Precambrian. The indicated proposals are substantiated. It is necessary to form work groups to develop solutions.
Sequence composition of the Izyayu Formation (Upper Devonian–Lower Carboniferous) in the type area – the south of Tchernyshev Uplift
Authors: Zhuravlev A. V. , Vevel Ya. A.
Published: August 2021

Research subject. The article considers the Famennian‑Tournaisian sequence of the South-Eastern part of the Tchernyshev Uplift (North Cis-Uralian). The sequence corresponds to the Izyayu Formation.

Materials and methods. The article is focused on the clarification of the stratigraphy, composition and depositional environment of this formation. Research data about the Izyayu Formation in the type area (Izyayu River) were used. The stratigraphic framework of this study included data on conodonts, foraminifers and carbonate carbon isotopic shifts.

Results. In the type area under study, the Izyayu Formation corresponds to the interval from the upper part of the Famennian (upper part of the Palmatolepis marginifera utahensis conodont Zone) up to the middle part of the Tournaisian (Lower crenulata conodont Zone). The formation is 100– 120 m thick. The Izyayu Formation grades to the upper part of the deep-water Syvyu Formation in the east, and to the shallow-water Kamenka Formation and the lower part of the Ydzhid Formation. The areal of the Izyayu Formation comprises the South-Eastern part of the Tchernyshev Uplift. The Formation was deposited in the environment of a gentle prograding slope of a carbonate platform.

Conclusions. The Izyayu Formation in the type area is composed of thin clayey-carbonate graded cycles. It covers the stratigraphic interval from the Zelenets Regional Stage through the Tcherepet Regional Stage. This formation is easily distinguishable by lithological features in outcrops and borehole cores.
Python Parallel Processing and Multiprocessing: A Rivew
Authors: A. Aziz Zina , Naseradeen Abdulqader Diler , Sallow Amira Bibo , Khalid Omer Herman
Published: August 2021

Parallel and multiprocessing algorithms break down significant numerical problems into smaller subtasks, reducing the total computing time on multiprocessor and multicore computers. Parallel programming is well supported in proven programming languages such as C and Python, which are well suited to “heavy-duty” computational tasks. Historically, Python has been regarded as a strong supporter of parallel programming due to the global interpreter lock (GIL). However, times have changed. Parallel programming in Python is supported by the creation of a diverse set of libraries and packages. This review focused on Python libraries that support parallel processing and multiprocessing, intending to accelerate computation in various fields, including multimedia, attack detection, supercomputers, and genetic algorithms. Furthermore, we discussed some Python libraries that can be used for this purpose.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Thio Karen Trifena , Susilandari Caecilia Atmini
Published: August 2021

This research aims to analyse the development of firm value of the manufacture companies. Based on the data of the Indonesian Ministry of Industry, it shows that value added for manufacturing companies increase, and also increase the contribution of manufacture companies to the development of economic of Indonesia.  Profitability, size, growth, and capital structure as independent variables are used to identify the influence of manufacture firm value. There shall be 166 samples of listed manufacture companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018 which suit for criteria needed, and the data processing using multiple linear regression.  The research result shows that only profitability and size variables which have positive significant influences to firm value variable on t- test. Besides, growth and capital structure variables are vice versa.
Telemedicine in hematology; long-term implications of a short-term experience during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mandal Prakas Kumar , Shekhawat Prakash Singh
Published: August 2021

Telemedicine is healing at a distance, and it was under-utilized ever since its reintroduction till this COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 has moved the field of telemedicine and almost every health specialty has embraced it to provide remote, timely, safe health-care services to their patients from the comfort of their home and prevent undesired exposure to COVID-19 infection. With the reach of smart phones and cheaper internet data, this has reached tier II/III cities and is also making inroads in the rural areas. Telemedicine in hematology is becoming increasingly popular because many of the hematology patients are immunocompromised and are more prone to various infections including COVID-19. It is very beneficial in follow-up visits for benign disorders such as anemia, immune thrombocytopenia as well as certain chronic leukemias such as Myeloproliferative neoplasms and for the patients on oral therapy. Astronaut getting treated on NASA mission from the earth is ultimate telemedicine. COVID-19 pandemic has reinvented telemedicine which is helping not only patients in getting medical advice but also physicians and medical students in attending medical conferences and keep them up to date with advances in their field. After this pandemic end, telemedicine is here to stay along with the age-old personal visit like a hand in gloves.
Using aneurysm clips for repair of cisterna chyli injury during posterior spinal fusion
Authors: McCabe Robert , Tong Doris , Hanson Connor , Slavnic Dejan , Soo Teck Mun
Published: August 2021

Background:

Injury to the cisterna chyli (CC) is a rare surgical complication with a lack of literature describing its repair. Aneurysm clips have been successfully used to repair durotomies. Its usage in lymphatic injury has never been described. We sought to demonstrate the use of aneurysm clips for the repair of lymphatic vessels.

Case Description:

A 60-year-old male retired physician with Parkinson’s disease underwent a lumbosacral instrumented fusion with pelvic fixation (L1-pelvis) in 2011. He returned 5 months postoperatively after a fall and was ambulatory with a cane upon admission. CT demonstrated worsening kyphosis with pedicular and superior endplate fracture at the fusion apex. MRI revealed spinal cord compression at the failed level. Extension thoracolumbar fusion was performed (T3-L1) with intraoperative violation of the anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) during T12/L1 discectomy. CC laceration was suspected. The ALL was dissected from the CC and aorta, allowing visualization of the injury. Three curved aneurysm clips were applied to the lacerated CC, which was visually inspected to ensure a patent lumen. The disk space was filled with poly-methyl-methacrylate cement in place of an interbody cage, preventing migration of the clips. The patient underwent rehabilitation in an inpatient facility with improved ambulation. He has had regular clinic follow-up and was last seen in 2020 with no evidence of lymphedema noted.

Conclusion:

CC injury is rare, and usage of aneurysm clips in its repair has never been described. We demonstrate the safe use of aneurysm clips to repair CC injury with long-term favorable clinical outcomes.
Parkinsonism secondary to ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a patient with hydrocephalus
Authors: da Costa André Corsino , Pinheiro Júnior Nilson , Godeiro Junior Clecio , Fernandes Ana Clara Aragão , de Queiroz Cítara Trindade , de Moura Anaís Concepcion Marinho Andrade , de Aquino Carlos Eduardo França , de Araújo Rego Marianne
Published: August 2021

Background:

Parkinsonism secondary to the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus due to stenosis of the cerebral aqueduct, with implantation of a ventricular peritoneal (VP) shunt is a rare complication, still poorly described and disseminated in the literature.

Case Description:

A 38-year-old male presented a history of moderate-intensity daily headache, which deteriorated 2 months before admission, with no changes in the neurological examination. Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypertensive hydrocephalus associated with cerebral aqueduct stenosis. A VP shunt was performed, an adjustable pressure valve was successfully inserted, and he was discharged asymptomatic. However, months later, he progressed with important symptoms of hypo- and hyper-drainage, which persisted after valve pressure adjustments and even its exchange, culminating into an endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). But soon after, severe Parkinsonian syndrome appeared. Therapy with levodopa and bromocriptine was initiated, revealing a slow response initially but good evolution within 6 months. At present, he presents low-intensity residual tremor, which is well controlled with medications, and has regained independence for daily activities, with minimal motor limitation and no cognitive changes.

Conclusion:

There is still no mechanism that explains the occurrence of Parkinsonian syndrome in these cases. It is suggested that the rostral portion of the midbrain was injured due to abrupt changes in the transtentorial gradient pressure after the ventricular shunt, along with various adjustments in the valve pressure. ETV and early introduction of levodopa therapy in patients who developed postventriculoperitoneal shunt Parkinsonism seems to be the most effective combination, with satisfactory clinical response in the medium/long term.
فاعلية التعلم المدمج باستخدام الويكي في تنمية مهارات التعبير الكتابي لدى طلاب السادس الأساسي في محافظة جنوب الباطنة بسلطنة عمان
Authors: الشبيبي أمل سليم محمد
Published: August 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى اختبار فاعلية التعلم المدمج باستخدام الويكي في تنمية مهارات التعبير الكتابي لدى طلاب الصف السادس الأساسي واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج شبه التجريبي ولتحقيق ذلك اعتمدت الباحثة اختباراً تحصيلياً وقائمة مهارات للتعبير الكتابي. التي عرضت مسبقا على مجموعة من المحكمين المختصين للتأكد من صدقها وتم حساب ثبات الاختبار بالاتساق الداخلي. قسمت عينة الدراسة إلى مجموعتين؛ تجريبية شملت 30 طالباً درسوا درس الوصف المقرر في كتاب مهاراتي في الكتابة عبر تطبيق الويكي، وعينة ضابطة؛ شملت 30 طالباً درسوا نفس الدرس بالطريقة التقليدية، وبعد الانتهاء من التجربة طبق اختبار مهارات التعبير الكتابي على المجموعتين. وقد دلت النتائج على وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05≥α) بين متوسطي درجات المجموعتين التجريبية وحصلت على متوسط كلي (34.57من 42)، في مقابل حصول الضابطة على متوسط كلي (30.33 من42)، في اختبار يعزى إلى استراتيجية التعلم المدمج باستخدام الويكي، وفي المهارات الأساسية للتعبير الكتابي، حيث حصلت التجريبية في مهارة المحتوى على متوسط (14.7 من 18) وحصلت الضابطة (12.8) وفي مهارة الشكل والتنظيم؛ حصلت التجريبية على متوسط (7.77 من9) والضابطة (7.33) وأخيرا مهارة اللغة والأسلوب؛ حصلت التجريبية على متوسط (12.1 من15)، فيما الضابطة (10.2)، وكانت الفروق دالة إحصائياً في مهارتي المحتوى واللغة والأسلوب لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، فيما لم تكن الفروق بين المجموعتين دالة في مهارة الشكل والتنظيم، وبناء على هذه النتائج فقد أوصت الباحثة بالاهتمام بتنمية مهارات التعبير الكتابي لدى الطلاب باعتماد التعلم المدمج باستخدام الويكي وتدريب معلمي اللغة العربية على كيفية استخدامها، بالإضافة إلى التوسع في استخدام استراتيجية التعلم المدمج باستخدام الويكي لتدريس مهارات اللغة العربية الأخرى كالقراءة والنحو.
COVID-19: A Long-Term Tale of Mental Health Extortion
Authors: Vibhor Dudhraj  , J. Swaminathan  , Rajini Chawla  , Arti Bahl
Published: August 2021

Letter to Editor by Vibhor Dudhraj, J. Swaminathan, Rajini Chawla & Arti Bahl  titled "COVID-19: A Long-Term Tale of Mental Health Extortion"
Research of the cooperation technology between the air traffic control service and the aerodrome service
Authors: Batalov K. A. , Kulakov M. V. , Chekhov I. A.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the process of cooperation between the ATC and airport operation services. The analysis considers the procedures of cooperation while inspecting a runway before performing flights, aircraft departure and arrival that encompass the entire range of coordinated operations. For each procedure, the costs of aircraft delays are calculated. The assessment was carried out by synthesizing the chronology of services cooperation in real conditions. On the basis of the collected data flowcharts of services cooperation to ensure flights of an airport and the ATM services were built. To provide a visual comparison of the existing and proposed model sof services cooperation the networks of services cooperation were built based on the mathematical model of the graphic chart. The operation network establishes the sequence of events to provide departure of one aircraft operating a scheduled flight of an airline. Within the given study the ATC service and the aerodrome service are involved to ensure a departure. Cooperation between the operation and dispatch service of the airport and an aircraft crew is conditional because in this case they do not impact the technology of cooperation. The network is a particular set of dots(summits)interconnected by lines (links). In the case of our study, circles are events (performed work). Directional segments (lines) are work connecting events to each other. While assessing the process of cooperation during arrival and departure, two cases were considered: the runway is occupied or clear.The runway could be occupied for different reasons: available vehicles, people, animals or flocks of birds on the runway. The study of the cooperation technology was carried out for 12 monthsof making scheduled flights at Zhukovsky and Ostafievo airports on the basis of every day flight plans.
High levels of TFAM repress mammalian mitochondrial DNA transcription in vivo
Authors: Bonekamp Nina A , Jiang Min , Motori Elisa , Garcia Villegas Rodolfo , Koolmeister Camilla , Atanassov Ilian , Mesaros Andrea , Park Chan Bae , Larsson Nils-Göran
Published: August 2021

Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is compacting mitochondrial DNA (dmtDNA) into nucleoids and directly controls mtDNA copy number. Here, we show that the TFAM-to-mtDNA ratio is critical for maintaining normal mtDNA expression in different mouse tissues. Moderately increased TFAM protein levels increase mtDNA copy number but a normal TFAM-to-mtDNA ratio is maintained resulting in unaltered mtDNA expression and normal whole animal metabolism. Mice ubiquitously expressing very high TFAM levels develop pathology leading to deficient oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and early postnatal lethality. The TFAM-to-mtDNA ratio varies widely between tissues in these mice and is very high in skeletal muscle leading to strong repression of mtDNA expression and OXPHOS deficiency. In the heart, increased mtDNA copy number results in a near normal TFAM-to-mtDNA ratio and maintained OXPHOS capacity. In liver, induction of LONP1 protease and mitochondrial RNA polymerase expression counteracts the silencing effect of high TFAM levels. TFAM thus acts as a general repressor of mtDNA expression and this effect can be counterbalanced by tissue-specific expression of regulatory factors.
Examining defences to state-sponsored cyber-operations
Authors: Salman Hadeel
Published: August 2021

In recent years there has been a rise in state-sponsored cyberattacks. There is a continuing debate among scholars, states and international institutions on how the UN Charter can apply to cyber-operations. My dissertation seeks to understand how the UN Charter can apply and what are the appropriate responses open to victim states that have been subject to a cyberattack. More specifically, the dissertation will outline the conditions required to satisfy a state’s right to self-defence in cyberspace and note the limitations of responding to a state-sponsored cyberattack. It will highlight possible reforms and standards required to address the emerging threat of cyberspace. The dissertation is particularly concerned with cyberspace in the context of jus ad bellum. It will not discuss the notion of cyberwar or the principles of jus ad bello.
Mental Health Education for Students from Junior Colleges Moving into Undergraduate Level in Private Colleges from the Perspective of Three-Dimensional Education
Authors: Chen Mei , Li Jiaojiao
Published: August 2021

Good psychological quality is the basic requirement for college students in the new era. Students from junior colleges moving into undergraduate level in private colleges are a special group as they are already an important part of students in private colleges. Based on the mental health status of these students, private colleges have analyzed the issues of mental health education which include weak teaching staffs, lack attention, and traditional education methods. From the perspective of three-dimensional education, the psychological education work model in private colleges is explored to build an education team to promote the participation of all employees in the work of psychological education, strengthen the attention of college students who are moving into the undergraduate level, and to pay full attention to these students. Private colleges should try to innovate education methods and improve psychological education in all aspects.
Tibetan Folk Songs and Dances in Diebu – The Musical Characteristics of Gerba (Gar Pa)
Authors: Yang Chenghai
Published: August 2021

Folk songs and dances originated from people’s sacrificial activities in the struggle against nature in the primitive society. Their origins are related to the ideology and living environment of the people at that period of time. These activities were expressed in the form of primitive songs and dances, and gradually evolved into folk songs and dances. The gar pa song and dance from Diebu, in Gannan region, is a unique song and dance of a Tibetan region on the eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Its content and form are unique. It still retains the original trinity feature which includes poem, music, and dance. The production of songs and dances contains rich cultural connotations and unique local characteristics. This article elaborates the characteristics of Diebu’s gar pa song and dance in terms of its music and performance form.
A Discussion of Foreign Language Listening Problems and Their Causes among Intermediate EFL learners in Chinese universities
Authors: Zhu Zhiyi
Published: August 2021

Listening has been considered as the most important language skill by many researchers but in Chinese context it has been overlooked for years. The Foreign Language (FL) listening problems gradually reveal when students attend to the Listening Course in universities or colleges. This paper at first illustrates the importance of listening in foreign language learning and provides a discussion on the top-down and bottom-up processes with the analysis of Anderson’s three-model of language comprehension [9] as well as the factors affecting listening comprehension in Foreign Language in general, aiming at the illustration of the necessity on one of the bottom-up processes - the Spoken Word Recognition (SWR). The analysis of two issued official guiding documents for Chinese university students and the current situation of English listening teaching in Chinese universities are followed, providing a general background on English listening teaching in Chinese context. Three possible foreign language listening problems and their causes are proposed, followed by the pedagogical suggestions to EFL learners who are improving their listening skills and instructors who are advancing their teaching procedures.
Post Adaptability of Graduates – A Case Study of Business English Majors from H University
Authors: Wu Dingjun
Published: August 2021

In recent years, the number of graduates in employment has increased significantly because of a boom in the number of graduates along with the advancement of the Enrollment Expansion Plan of Colleges and Universities in China. The issues about career selection and graduate employment have been enthusiastically discussed in academic circles as these issues are constantly emphasized by all walks of life. However, academic researchers often neglect matters pertaining graduates when they are already holding positions. This study believes that being employed is not the end point, but a new start, which means that matters pertaining graduates after being employed should also be cared about. This study specifically focuses on the post adaptability of graduates after being employed. In this study, through questionnaires, a number of employed Business English majors from the graduating class of 2011 to 2016 at H university in Shaanxi Province were selected. After that, using the variables from The Fitness Subscale of Adolescent Mental Health Quality Questionnaire, the participants’ post adaptability was studied.
Resilience Training of Preschool Children Based on Traditional Folk Games
Authors: Li Daoyuan
Published: August 2021

Traditional folk games inherit the history, culture and identity of a country and nation, and they have even more important meanings for China, which has a long history and many ethnic groups. However, with the rapid globalization of modern technology and economy, many Chinese traditional folk games are facing the crisis of disappearing. This article discusses how to develop and utilize the new functions of traditional folk games. That is to use them to train the resilience of preschool children, thus to initiate a new understanding of traditional folk games by teachers and parents. The article firstly discusses the importance of cultivating preschool children’s resilience, then analyzes the role of games in cultivating preschool children’s resilience, studies the traditional folk game classification method for preschool children’s resilience, and gives the development orientation traditional folk game teaching strategies and steps for the cultivation of resilience. This research not only inherits Chinese traditional culture in preschool education, but also trains preschool children’s resilience and strengthens their minds. It has important practical significance and reference value for the current training and education of preschool children in China and East Asia.
Application of Bandura’s Social Learning Theory in the Moral Education of Secondary Vocational College Students
Authors: Wang Rui
Published: August 2021

In recent years, with the high rate of juvenile delinquency, people pay more attention to the moral education of students in secondary vocational colleges. Based on the framework of social learning theory, this paper explores the systematic and comprehensive application of social learning theory in the moral education course. From the cognition of the behavior to the selection and internalization of the representation of the model behavior, and finally the selective externalization of the representation symbol to generate the behavior, the influencing factors and their utility in each stage of the production of moral behavior are analyzed step by step, assisting students to establish correct outlook on life and values, and cultivating their “key abilities.” When students face a complex and diverse social environment, they can make judgments in line with the general moral standards of the society, and then seek to improve the effectiveness of the moral standards of secondary vocational students, and strive to maximize the effectiveness of moral education.
Research on the Physiological and Psychological Ability Indexes of Coal Tunneling Workers
Authors: Cao Lu , Chen Hanqing
Published: August 2021

Studies have shown that accidents caused by human error account for 70-80% of the total number of accidents, and are the primary cause of casualties. In order to reduce the risk of safety accidents and reduce the human-caused accident rate, the evaluation index of safety occupational adaptability of coal excavation workers has been studied. Questionnaire survey method was used to conduct 13 physical and psychological abilities tests on 50 coal tunneling workers, and select the core ability indicators that reflect the mental load of the workers and the individual priority allocation of psychological resources. Secondly, using the Delphi method and the quartile method, the opinions of 20 experts in related fields were sought anonymously, and the main physical and mental ability indicators were screened and filtered through scoring methods. Finally, six indicators of “accuracy, attention, rapid response ability, proficiency, judgment, and foresight” were determined as the main physical and psychological indicators of coal tunneling workers. This study fills up the gap of safety occupational adaptability in the field of mining construction, and has important theoretical value and practical significance.
Research on the Application of Intelligence Teaching Mode of Superstar Platform in the Teaching of Experimental Design and Data Processing
Authors: Li Wei , Li Yudie , Wang Ran , Lv Wenpin , Qi Yonggang
Published: August 2021

Experimental Design and Data Processing is an important core professional basic course for food science majors. This course is theoretical and practical, and there are many formulas, abstract contents and difficult to understand, and there are some problems in the teaching process, such as students' poor interest in learning, insufficient mastery of what they have learned, and inability to combine theory with practice organically. Through analyzing the existing problems, this paper puts forward some reform measures for the teaching mode of experimental design and data processing by using the intelligent teaching of Superstar platform.
Excess Benefit Allocation in Shared Savings Based on Non-cooperative Game Theory
Authors: Xu Xiao
Published: August 2021

Energy saving income distribution mode is of great significance to the energy industry. With the continuous application of new technologies, the problem of excess energy saving income distribution has become one of the obstacles to the appreciation of energy performance. At present, the distribution of risk and income is mainly based on the contribution of risk and income, which has some limitations. The benefit distribution of energy saving negotiation between energy saving service companies and clients can be regarded as a bargaining process where an effective range satisfying both parties can be obtained. This provides a new perspective in solving the problem of excess energy saving income distribution in energy management contract projects.
Disease Burden Attributable to PM2.5 Exposure in China from 2000 to 2016
Authors: Cao Ting
Published: August 2021

Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has slowly increased both the morbidity and mortality among Chinese people; becoming a leading problem for public health efforts. In this study, the exposure-response function was used to derive the spatial-temporal dynamics of disease burden attributable to PM2.5 pollution in China. It was found that the economic loss attributable to PM2.5 increased by 93% from 35 billion Chinese yuan to 536 billion Chinese yuan within the period of 16 years. Digging further, a substantiate level of regional differences was discovered with the disease burden being the most severe in East China and the least severe in Northwest China. This article can provide more insights for future air pollution control in China.
National Governance Capacity from the View of Comparative Political Economy – Based on the Fight Against COVID-19
Authors: Yao Wentao , Wang Gang
Published: August 2021

At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 has blocked the pace of the world economic development. In the process of fighting the epidemic, different countries have formulated different policies and showed different effects from fighting it. After the end of COVID-19, the rapid social and economic recovery as well as their development require scientific and effective governance from all countries. From the perspective of comparative political economy theory, taking the COVID-19 epidemic as an example, this article points out the advantages and deficiencies of the national governance capacity, as well as seek ways to improve the national governance capacity.
Strategies of Supercell’s Success
Authors: Wu Yutong
Published: August 2021

Supercell, known as video game company, that is the best at making money, had developed a value of over 10 billion dollars by running only 5 games. All of their games earned more than a billion dollars with over one billion downloads in total. There must be a lot worth studying their strategies. This paper is divided into three parts: analyzing the marketing strategies in their games and advertising, their special way of management, and how they have contributed to the company’s huge success.
An Empirical Analysis on the Stable Return of Resident Funds
Authors: He Jinling , Xia Zixiang , He Jingcheng , Gao Xin
Published: August 2021

This paper mainly studies how investors invest in funds to obtain high returns while avoiding risks. Firstly, from the perspective of portfolio investment, this paper introduces the traditional Markowitz mean-variance model and capital asset pricing model (CAPM), then selects four funds from different industries by MATLAB program in Sina Finance and Economics Network for application analysis from which the optimal portfolio point can be obtained under the combination of efficient frontier and capital allocation line. Subsequently, by analyzing the returns of long-term holdings and short-term operations of Noan Growth Hybrid Fund, it is confirmed that long-term holding funds can better cope with the changing market so as to obtain more stable returns. Finally, this paper discusses the dynamic adjustments of asset portfolio. Resident investors are supposed to take into account the market situation and the changes of the fund itself to adjust the holding fund portfolio. Based on the research in this paper, resident investors ought to combine investment funds to diversify risk allocation and make long-term holding plans according to their risk tolerance. At the same time, they should also make appropriate dynamic adjustments when the external environment changes to ensure long-term benefits.
Evolution of Starbucks’s Logo – A Sign of Corporate Culture Development
Authors: Xu Jiaxuan
Published: August 2021

Based on the changes of Starbucks’s logo, this paper explores its role in the evolution of brand culture and the development of corporate culture, concluding that the change of the logo has further enhanced its brand culture without changes to its brand DNA. In addition, the change of the logo has promoted the development of the unique corporate culture of Starbucks.
A Research on Business Information System and Informatization
Authors: Liu Fangyuan
Published: August 2021

Based on the analysis of commercial economic informatization, this paper puts forward the abstract model of commercial information system, which comprises of the environmental system, business system, monitoring system, and emergency system. In addition, it also involves the strain cycle, monitoring cycle, and business cycle. In order to promote a better development in the business economic model under the background of informatization, commercial enterprises should improve their understanding, develop and continuously optimize business economic informatization, as well as create an efficient and safe network security environment for the future.
Mortality rate of preterm neonates in two teaching hospitals in Teheran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Fallahian Masoumah , Mohammad Kazem , Aghaie Edna , Ghandi Ali
Published: August 2021

In a retrospective study conducted in two teaching hospitals in Teheran, records of 573 preterm infants were reviewed. The birth weights ranged between 500 and 2500 grams, and the gestational ages between 24 and 36 weeks. This study indicated that the expected survival rate of neonates was greatly influenced by a gestational age of more than 32 weeks and a birth weight exceeding 1250 grams. The youngest surviving neonate was a female whose gestational age was 26-27 weeks and birth weight 1500 grams. The smallest surviving [in weight] was a female infant of 750 grams and a gestational age of 28-29 weeks. This study revealed that an increase in the age and weight of preterm neonates leads to a rapid decline in mortality rate
Assessment of some cardiovascular risk factors during the pre-Haj medical examinations in Oman
Authors: Mehta Firdosi R. , Suleiman Ali Jaffer Mohammed , Lambourne Adrian , Al Aufy Sufeiman
Published: August 2021

Hospital-based data in Oman reveal that ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases alone account for 30% of hospital deaths in the age group 15 years and above. Very few community-based data are available on the subject, hence a multicentre cardiovascular screening study was undertaken during the pre-Haj medical examination in May 1991, in which 1749 Omanis were screened. Blood pressure levels, body-mass index, serum cholesterol and sugar were recorded and analysed. The results of this study indicate that major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are prevalent in the community, hence further epidemiological studies should be undertaken, and strategies formulated for the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases before they emerge as a public health problem in Oman
Epidemiology of congenital abnormalities in Bahrain
Authors: Al Arrayed Sheikha, S.
Published: August 2021

This study was carried out in order to find out the incidence of congenital anomalies in Bahrain. Statistics of the Bahraini Ministry of Health for 11 years from 1980 to 1990 were studied. The overall incidence rate of congenital anomalies in Bahrain was found to be 2. 7% of live births. Each anomaly was studied separately and compared with the incidence in other countries, whenever possible. It was found that anomalies of the musculoskeletal system have the highest incidence [2. 28 per 1000] , followed by the genitourinary system [2. 13 per 1000] , while the incidence of chromosomal disorders was 0. 9 per 1000
[Public health and the United Nations system for development in Morocco]
Authors: Zeribi Taoufik
Published: August 2021

This paper reviews the work of the United Nations specialized agencies and programmes within the framework of their cooperation in the area of public health in Morocco