bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of galectin-1 binding proteins from human placenta
Authors: Jankovic Miroslava
Published: June 2018

Galectin-1 binding proteins were isolated from human placenta by affinity
chromatography on a column with immobilized endogenous lectin. The molecular
masses of the isolated proteins of 170, 67 and 56 kDa were estimated by gel
filtration and SDS-PAGE. These proteins were characterized as
galactose-containing glycoproteins, based on their reactivity with Ricinus
communis agglutinin. In addition, sialylated- lacto-N-fucopentaose II was
detected in the 170 kDa protein, using anti CA 19-9 monoclonal antibodies.
The interaction of the isolated proteins with human placental galectin-1 was
investigated by a solid phase binding assay using asialofetuin as the
glycoprotein ligand. The 67 kDa and 56 kDa proteins were found to inhibit
galectin-1 binding of asialofetuin, whereas the 170 kDa protein had the
opposite effect. It caused an increase in the binding of asialofetuin,
suggesting a positive cooperative binding.
Lead tetraacetate oxidation of the Diels-Alder adduct of 7-dehydrocholestryl acetate with maleic anhydride
Authors: Bondarenko-Gheorghiu Lidija , Lorenc Ljubinka , Mihailovi] Mihailo
Published: June 2018

The Diels-Alder adduct (3), obtained by cycloaddition of 7-dehydrocholesteryl
acetate (1) and maleic anhydride (2), was heated at ca. 90?C with a large
excess of lead tetraacetate in pyridine solution for 5h. Under these
conditions, compound 3 underwent lactonization with the participation of the
olefinic ?6-double bond to give two isomeric monolactone derivatives, 9 and
10 (in a total yield of ca. 6%), and the bislactone product 11 (in 11.5%
yield). The starting material was recovered in 36% yield.
The formation of boron, silicon and calcium containing molecular species in a graphite furnace in Ar/O2 mixtures
Authors: Radic-Peric Jelena , Markicevic Milan
Published: June 2018

The composition of the Ar/O2/C gas system in the presence of traces of either
B, Si or Ca was calculated under the assumption of thermal equilibrium in
the temperature range 500.5500 K. The mole concentration of oxygen was taken
to be 1.4 %. Two sets of calculations were carried out. In the first one the
presence of solid phase (graphite) was ignored and the calculations were
performed for a single-phase (gas) system, at variable ratios C/O (0.5,
0.96, 1 and 2). In the second set of calculations the presence of solid
carbon (graphite) was taken into account and the composition of the gas
system in equilibrium with solid carbon, at p = 1 atm, was determined. The
results presented show that the equilibrium composition, particularly the
concentration of different compounds involving the trace elements , is very
sensitive to the amounts, and the ratio of the amounts of oxygen and carbon.
Increasing the O/C ratio results in increasing partial pressures of
molecular and atomic oxygen, which favours the formation of oxides of the
trace elements and moves their atomization temperatures to higher values. On
the other hand, increasing the C/O ratio (C/O >1) favours atomization, but
also carbide formation in the lower-temperature region. It was found that,
over a relatively wide temperature interval (1000 < T < 3500 K), the
composition of theAr/O2/C/X (X = B, Si, Ca) system, with comparable amounts
of oxygen and carbon (C/O = 1), does not significantly depend on the
presence of the solid phase. The results of calculations enable a reasonable
interpretation of numerous experiments carried out on similar systems.
Influence of negative charge on the optical properties of a silver sol
Authors: Vodnik Vesna , Nedeljkovic Jovan
Published: June 2018

The effects of negative charge on the optical properties of a silver sol
prepared using sodium borohydride as a reductant were studied. The
oscillations in the position of the maximum and the intensity of the surface
plasmon absorption band were observed. The observed effects were explained
as a consequence of the fluctuation of the density of free electrons due to
the alternate charging and discharging of the silver particles. The charging
process involves electron injection from borohydride ions and intermediate
species formed during the course of the metal-catalyzed hydrolysis of
borohydride ions (BH3OH-, BH2(OH)2 - and BH(OH)3 - ) into the silver
particles, while discharge of the silver sol, by reduction of water to
hydrogen, limits the attainable negative charge on the particles.
Efficient air flow control for remote laser beam welding
Authors: Mahrle Achim , Borkmann Madlen , Beyer Eckhard , Leyens Christoph , Hustedt Michael , Hennigs Christian , Brodeßer Alexander , Walter Jürgen , Kaierle Stefan
Published: June 2018

Efficient air flow control plays a crucial role for the reliability of remote laser beam welding applications. Local air flows are helpful to suppress unfavorable interactions between laser radiation and welding fumes as a result of absorption and/or scattering effects. On the other hand, local and additional global flows have to be applied for emission control to protect optical components and workpieces from contamination and to avoid harmful air pollution of the atmosphere. However, the appropriate design of complex air flow systems under the additional condition of preferably low overall gas consumption is still a challenging task because a high number of decisive factors and a multitude of possible interactions complicate the pure empirical selection and positioning of suitable flow components and the adjustment of the numerous control parameters. This paper presents the results of a combined and complementary approach of experimental and theoretical investigations to meet these challenges. The experimental work was focused on the aspects of interaction mechanisms between the laser beam and the welding fume. Besides the characterization of process emissions, some of the requirements of stable remote processing with maximum penetration depth are revealed. In contrast, the theoretical work describes a general methodology on how to support the optimization of the cabin air flow by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models in combination with Design-of-Experiment (DoE) approaches.
In situ control of tempered martensite during laser cladding repair of aero-grade 300M steel using AISI 420 stainless steel powder
Authors: Sun Shi Da , Barr Cameron , Brandt Milan
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of delay time between the clad tracks on the microstructure hardness evolution. AISI 420 stainless steel was deposited onto 300M steel substrate using a fiber delivered disk laser and a powder blown coaxial nozzle. The delay between the clad tracks was aimed at controlling the in situ quench and tempering sequence during the cladding process. Four different delay times were investigated (continuous build, t = 2 s, t = 5 s, and t = 60 s). No micro-cracking and very little porosity were observed for all variables. The microstructure changed from untempered martensite structure at a continuous build to a fully tempered martensite structure at t = 60 s. The delay time between the clad tracks is the most influential parameter to control the in situ tempering and is crucial to restore the tensile and fatigue properties of aero-grade high strength steel for repair applications.
Direct measurements of laser absorptivity during metal melt pool formation associated with powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes
Authors: Matthews Manyalibo , Trapp Johannes , Guss Gabe , Rubenchik Alexander
Published: June 2018

Direct calorimetric measurements are used to study the effective optical absorptivity at 1070 nm laser wavelength for bulk and powder-coated discs of industrially relevant metals. Effective absorptivity is plotted as a function of nominal laser power from 30 up to 600 W for scanning velocities of 100, 500, and 1500 mm/s. The absorptivity versus power curves of the bulk materials typically shows a reduction in effective absorptivity until the beginning of the formation of a keyhole-type surface depression that is associated with an increased absorption of the laser light in the growing keyhole until a saturation value is reached. For powders, an additional plateau of higher absorptivity can be observed for low laser power, until the curves qualitatively collapse when full melting of the powder tracks is achieved. It is shown that, under conditions associated with laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing, absorptivity values can vary greatly, and differ from both room temperature powder layer measurements and liquid metal estimates from the literature.
Fluid dynamical simulation of high speed micro welding
Authors: Otto Andreas , Vázquez Rodrigo Gómez
Published: June 2018

High speed micro welding with mono mode fiber lasers allows for excellent machining qualities especially concerning the joining of thin metal sheets and foils, if appropriate machining parameters are chosen. However, just slightly changing these parameters may lead to welding failures, e.g., due to the humping effect or even due to a transition from welding to cutting. To analyze and understand the underlying mechanisms for these failures the authors made use of a multiphysical, fluid dynamical model for the simulation of laser material processing that has been developed over the past few years. Within the first part of the paper, the authors will give some insight into the model that is capable of simulating the whole process including the laser beam propagation and absorption at the workpiece, convective and conductive heat transfer, phase changes from solid to liquid and vapor, respectively, back from vapor to liquid and solid. Furthermore, fluid dynamics of the melt and vapor are taken into consideration the free surface of the condensed phases, compressibility, and temperature-dependent material properties. The second part of the paper will deal with the analysis of the aforementioned welding failures. The simulation results show an excellent agreement with experiments both concerning the humping effect and the transition from welding to cutting. They also reveal the reasons for these welding defects, which will be explained in detail.
Ordenación del frente litoral de la Albufera. Sector Dehesa de El Saler, Valencia
Authors: Fernández de la Reguera Alfred
Published: June 2018

El texto resume la intervención de recuperación y planificación espacial llevada acabo en el sector de la Dehesa de El Saler, que constituye el frente litoral de la Albufera deValencia, muy castigado en el pasado por la descontrolada actividad inmobiliaria y ladestrucción del medio natural por una urbanización irreflexiva. El proceso suspuso primerorecuperar el paisaje inicial restituyendo la sección territorial natural, para poder despuésrehacerlo a través de una estructura funcional basada en la geometría, adaptable a dichasección. El nuevo sistema espacial debía compaginar las intervenciones naturales con losusos turísticos de la zona.
El trabajo infantil y adolescente del agro argentino: consideraciones sobre su medición en las estadí­sticas públicas y una propuesta alternativa
Authors: Crovetto María Marcela , Ejarque Mercedes , Nessi María Virginia
Published: June 2018

En las últimas décadas, en Argentina pese al creciente proceso de debate y discusión sobre el trabajo de niños, niñas y adolescentes, es difí­cil caracterizar el fenómeno a través de las estadí­sticas públicas que permita mejorar la calidad de las polí­ticas públicas hacia el sector. Este artí­culo busca, a partir de la identificación de las falencias y dificultades de las estadí­sticas oficiales, presentar una experiencia de medición cuantitativa del trabajo infantil y adolescente en distintas áreas del interior de Argentina. Los relevamientos realizados permitieron obtener información sobre la ocupación de niños, niñas y adolescentes en trabajo asalariado y como ayuda.
El déficit habitacional en Argentina. Una propuesta de medición para establecer magnitudes, tipos y urgencias de intervención intra-urbana
Authors: Marcos Mariana , Di Virgilio María Mercedes , Mera Gabriela
Published: June 2018

El objetivo del trabajo es realizar una propuesta de medición del déficit habitacional en Argentina que abarque las múltiples dimensiones de la problemática, identifique tipos de intervención y niveles urgencia, y proporcione información para unidades geoestadí­sticas pequeñas. Se desarrolla el proceso de operacionalización de este concepto, desde su definición operacional hasta el cálculo de los indicadores que componen sus dimensiones, tomando como punto de partida una propuesta del Ministerio de Vivienda y Urbanismo de Chile. Finalmente se realiza una aplicación en un municipio de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, que permita observar las potencialidades analí­ticas de la propuesta.
Sobre el derecho y la violencia
Authors: González Táboas Carmen
Published: June 2018

En el trabajo que sigue se partirá del conocido texto de Lacan sobre “el sacrificio a los dioses oscuros” y los fenómenos del nazismo, para mostrar su extensión sin la necesaria investigación a los fenómenos que en esta América surgen de la cita fallida entre las culturas.
La hora de todos
Authors: Jurado Carlos
Published: June 2018

El breve recorrido del artículo intenta abordar desde la perspectiva de Lacan las nociones de valentía y justicia en la dialéctica hegeliana. La obra del maestro francés es un work in progress y como tal sufre transformaciones en su devenir. Es de esas transformaciones que me he servido para pensar los conceptos  ropuestos en su variación y su progreso.
Reticencias
Authors: Loskyn José
Published: June 2018

El artículo aborda la inclusión de la inimputabilidad a través del artículo 34 del código penal nacional, así como el concepto de peligrosidad y su importancia para determinar el otorgamiento o no de la libertad. Además cuenta un caso que puso en duda la opinión psicoanalítica general acerca del concepto de inimputabilidad.
El psicoanalista no es ni justo ni todo lo contrario
Authors: Alvarez Villanueva Margarita
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se interroga la posición del analista a partir de la sentencia de Lacan: “Mejor pues que renuncie quien no pueda unir a su horizonte la subjetividad de su época”. Se explicara por qué el analista no es un humanista, por qué más bien es quien tiene el deber de estar advertido de los ideales presentes en la valentía y en la justicia, ya que es él quien tratará con el real en juego.
Margarita Paksa, "Ciudadana Ilustre"
Authors: Noris Ferri Yael
Published: June 2018

Comentario sobre la obra de la artista Margarita Paksa.
Non-Destructive Determination of Chemical Effects onFluorescence Yields and Vacancy Transfer Probabilities ofTin Compounds
Authors: Tursucu Ahmet , Haskul Mehmet , Ulgen Asaf Tolga
Published: June 2018

In the current work, it was investigated to the K X-ray fluorescence efficiency and chemical effect on vacancy transfer probability for some tin compounds. We used Br2Tin, TinI2, SeTin, TinF2, TinSO4, TinCl2, TinO and TinS compounds for experimental study. The target samples were irradiated with 241Am annular radioactive source at the intensity of 5 Ci which emits gamma rays at wavelength of 0.2028 nm. The characteristic x-rays emitted because of the excitation are collected by a high-resolution HPGe semiconductor detector. It has been determined that the experimental calculations of the tin (Sn) element are compatible with the theoretical calculation. In addition, we have calculated the experimental intensity ratios, fluorescence yields and total vacancy transfer probabilitiesfor other Sn compounds.
Design and development of sulfonated tetrafunctional epoxy nanocomposites for advanced engineering applications
Authors: Dhanapal Duraibabu , Muthukaruppan Alagar , Srinivasan Ananda Kumar
Published: June 2018

Attempts were made in the present study to design and develop skeletally modified ether linked tetraglycidyl epoxy resin (TGBAPSB), which is subsequently reinforced with different weight percentages of amine functionalized mullite fiber (F-MF). The F-MF was synthesized by reacting mullite fiber with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as coupling agent and the F-MF structure was confirmed by FT-IR. TGBAPSB reinforced with F-MF formulation was cured with 4,4’-diamino diphenyl methane (DDM) to obtain nanocomposite. The surface morphology of TGBAPSB-F-MF epoxy nanocomposites was investigated by XRD, SEM and AFM studies. From the study, it follows that these nanocomposite materials offer enhancement in mechanical, thermal, thermo-mechanical, dielectric properties compared to neat (TGBAPSB) epoxy matrix. Hence we recommend these nanocomposites for a possible use in advanced engineering applications that require both toughness and stiffness.
Hybrid magnetic materials based on polyethylene containing co and ni nanoparticles
Authors: Vasil’kov Alexander Yu. , Budnikov Alexander V. , Naumkin Alexander V.
Published: June 2018

New hybrid magnetic materials based on HDPE filled with Со and Ni nanoparticles have been prepared via the metal vapor synthesis. Properties of the metal-polymer composites have been elucidated as a function of MVS parameters and metal nature. The Faraday method has been applied to characterize the magnetic properties of the systems. The microstructure of the samples has been studied with a number of X-ray and synchrotron techniques, including XRD, EXAFS and SAXS. Core-level and valence band spectra were measured by XPS. The peak at binding energy of 282.8 eV characteristic of C-Ni bond was recorded in the C 1s spectrum. It was shown that properties of nanocomposite materials with similar compositions are determined both by the synthesis conditions and post-synthesis factors.
Synthesis and characterization methods of polymeric nanoparticles
Authors: Derman 1 Serap , Katmıs 1 Aslı , Fide 1 Serap , Karaismailoglu 1 Seyma
Published: June 2018

This review is provided a detailed overview of the different synthesis and characterization methods of polymeric nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are defined as solid and colloidal particles of macromolecular substances ranging in size under 100 nm. Different type of nanoparticles are used in many biological areas (bio-sensing, biological separation, molecular imaging, anticancer therapy, etc.). The new features and functions provided with nano dimensions are largely different from their bulk forms. High volume/surface ratio, improved resolution and multifunctional capability make these materials gain many new features.
Diagnostic approach to light-chain cardiac amyloidosis and its differential diagnosis
Authors: Adamska Monika , Komosa Anna , Mularek Tatiana , Rupa-Matysek Joanna , Gil Lidia
Published: June 2018

Cardiac amyloidosis is a rare and often-misdiagnosed disorder. Among other forms of deposits affecting the heart, immunoglobulin-derived light-chain amyloidosis (AL amyloidosis) is the most serious form of the disease. Delay in diagnosis and treatment may have a major impact on the prognosis and outcomes of patients. This review focuses on the presentation of the disorder and current novel approaches to the diagnosis of cardiac involvement in AL amyloidosis.
False-negative coagulation factor activity results due to the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in a case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Authors: Sugimoto Takeshi , Morimoto Kazuhide , Hashimoto Hiromi , Kaneda Yukie , Ohata Shinya , Yasutomo Yoshiro
Published: June 2018

An 88-year-old female was admitted with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Coagulation test revealed severe prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). APTT cross-mixing test with patient plasma and normal plasma demonstrated an inhibitory pattern. Several intrinsic coagulation factor activities, particularly factor IX, showed remarkable decreases, and the inhibitor titers for coagulation factors VIII and IX were elevated. Although AIHA with existing antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies was diagnosed initially, purpura developed on extremities intermittently during the clinical course. Considering the possibility of coexisting acquired hemophilia, APTT cross-mixing test with patient’s plasma and equal amount of the recombinant factor VIII product instead of normal plasma was performed. The APTT value on equal mixing samples with patient plasma and recombinant factor VIII product was decreased to within the normal range, and coagulation factor IX activity was restored. These results indicate that the recombinant factor VIII product had a neutralizing effect on aPL antibodies. We concluded that recombinant factor VIII product may lead to the repair of incorrect results from the APTT-dependent diagnostic system in the presence of aPL antibodies.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOLVENTS ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ACACIA ARABICA AND ZIZYPHUS MAURITIANA
Authors: SARFRAZ R. A. , S. MURTAZA Q. U. HASSAN,
Published: June 2018

The current study was designed to investigate the effect of solvents on chemical composition and antidiabetic activity of Zizyphus mauritiana and Acacia Arabica extracts. Total five solvents were used for this purpose (100% methanol, 50% aqueous methanol, 100% ethanol, 50% aqueous ethanol and aqueous). The data obtained from the investigation was subjected to the statistical analysis by using analysis of variance technique. The present study revealed that maximum antioxidant activity was attributed to Acacia arabica (96.53 ± 0.46%) followed by Zizyphus mauritiana (94.33 ± 0.52% by 50% aqueous ethanol extracts). Maximum total phenolic content of both Zizyphus mauritiana and Acacia arabica (670.83 ± 1.46 mg GAE/100g and 934.34 ± 0.89 mg GAE/100g) were shown by 50% aqueous ethanol extracts while maximum total flavonoid content (146.36 ± 0.81 mg QE/100 g, 172.52 ± 0.99 mg QE/100 g) was exhibited by 50% aqueous ethanol extract. The maximum (IC 50= 49.63 ± 0.12 µg/mL) antidiabetic activity was found in aqueous extract of Acacia arabica while in Zizyphus mauritiana the aqueous extract indicated excellent (IC 50= 46.90 ± 0.23 µg/mL) antidiabetic activity.
Makhokhoba and the Surrounding Areas as the Remarkable Centres of Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe: A Case of Zhii Protests
Authors: Bhebhe Sindiso
Published: June 2018

Makhokhoba and Mzilikazi are two of the oldest suburbs in Zimbabwe and Bulawayo respectively. The people in these areas played a pivotal role in dismantling the yoke of colonialism in Zimbabwe. They also suffered a lot during this period as they were treated as second-class citizens; as evidenced by their type of dwellingsâ€”mainly hostels and one- room houses. These were meant for accommodating a man only, as women were not allowed in these areas because they were supposed to stay in rural areas while only the men worked in the city of Bulawayo. This mistreatment, poor working conditions and other ills they suffered in the hands of colonialists led to Zhii protests (Zhii is an Ndebele word for Ndebele war cry). The Zhii protests were mainly volatile skirmishes against the colonial power in the 1950s concerning poor working conditions. These skirmishes are vividly captured in records of oral history interviews found at the National Archives of Zimbabwe. It is therefore, the aim of this article to delve more into these protests by studying the life stories of selected individuals in order to understand the socio-political and economic factors behind them. The life story approach will be interrogated as the best way of collecting oral testimonies. Oral history sources and published literature have been used as sources of information
The Threat of Gullibility: Faith and Christian Behaviour in Southern Africa
Authors: Chimuka Tarisayi Andrea
Published: June 2018

Gullibility is understood variously as ranging from outright stupidity to indecision raised by the epistemic indeterminacy of the testimony of others. The activities of tricksters fall within this range. These activities happen in almost every sphere of our livesâ€”in business, religion, the law, politics and so forth. Tricksters dangle â€œbeautiful illusionsâ€ and sway people into believing that they have something to offer them. As a result, people throw caution out of the window. In the Christian religion for example, the air is drenched with claims about what God is saying to the Church during these last days! Those who claim to have direct contact with God tend to have an edge over those who do not have direct access to God. It is in such contexts that religious imposters arise. Prophets and firebrand preachers have sprung up and are promising the masses either prosperity, or healing, even in cases where ailments have confounded scientists. Many people are swayed into believing them sheepishly. It is against this backdrop that some end up being cheated. Often this tendency is labelled gullibility. If gullibility is understood as a belief in something with no substantiating facts, does this make the affected persons foolish? If someone believes that another person is endowed with special gifts from God, which can help them, is this belief unwarranted? In this article I seek to unpack the concept â€˜â€˜religious gullibilityâ€™â€™, with the hope of plugging the holes.
Reflections in Honour of the Reverend Ernest Nkatazo Baartman
Authors: Nyobole Vuyani "Vido"
Published: June 2018

I count it a special honour and a singular privilege to be asked to write an essay on the life and contribution of this esteemed honourable son of the soil, the revered, Rev. Ernest Nkatazo Baartmanâ€”a personal intimate friend, brother and spiritual guide. Writing an essay on our esteemed leader, mentor, teacher, prophet and a fearless fighter, the Honourable Reverend Ernest Nkatazo Baartman was not easy as no amount of words can fully capture and describe who he wasâ€”his leadership contribution, work and witness in Church and society, what he means to most people who have been touched by his personality and Ministryâ€”Yingwe emabala bala (â€œmulti-talentedâ€™â€™). The aim of this essay is to briefly capture the life, Ministry, leadership and contribution of Baartman in Church and society, locating that narrative in the socio-political context in which his Ministry and personality found roots and blossomed.
40-Year Celebration of the Black Methodist Consultation: A Reflection on Reverend Selby Lawrence Qunta Madwe
Authors: Siwa Ziphozihle Daniel
Published: June 2018

We are in the region that gave us leaders that we cannot forget, such as the renowned King Shaka kaSenzangakhona kaJama and Princess Nandi. We are in the land of renowned mentors such as uDingiswayo, who knew how to mould leaders, and whose mentee was King Shaka, who later showed eldership and strategic prowess. This is KwaZulu-Natal, a province rich in history and culture, a province that has produced many illustrious leaders in all spheres of life and for this we are grateful to God. It is in the spirit of the one whose leadership we have come to celebrate and reflect upon, Rev Selby Lawrence Qunta Madwe that I salute all those who are a cloud of witnesses, among whom are: Our own Father Khoza Elliot Mbuyisa Mgojo and Mama Stella Mgojo, Mama Virginia Gcabashe, Prof. Cyril Lincoln Sibusiso Nyembezi, Mama Jokazi (also from uMzimkhulu) and revered leaders such as Dr John Langalibalele Dube, Nkosi Albert Luthuli and Baba Johnson Mlambo. The list is endless and also includes those who set foot here and transformed this place positively, such as Mahatma Ghandi. We are grateful to God for these servants and many others that I have not mentioned. Included in this list is Reverend Selby Madwe, who is still with usÂ
A Look at the Reasons Behind the Establishment of Movements Aimed at Resuscitating the Ndebele/Mthwakazi Kingdom in Post-Colonial Zimbabwe
Authors: Khumalo Njabulo Bruce
Published: June 2018

The resuscitation of the Ndebele kingdom has been a topical issue in Zimbabwe. The Ndebele kingdom, which was established by king Mzilikazi ka MaShobana was destroyed by white settlers during the reign of his son Lobengula. The years following the colonisation of Zimbabwe saw a number of efforts being made to liberate the country. The liberation struggle came to an end in 1980 when Zimbabwe, a country which came to being as a result of nationalists was liberated and the black majority assumed power. However, there have been growing calls for the resuscitation of the Ndebele kingdom, which in some circles mean breaking away from Zimbabwe. One wonders what the reasons behind the call for the resuscitation of the Ndebele kingdom were: Is this move fuelled by poor service delivery in Zimbabwe? Are the Ndebele people unhappy with the current state of affairs in Zimbabwe? Is this another revolution waiting to happen? This study sought to establish the reasons behind calls to resuscitate the Ndebele kingdom in Zimbabwe. A qualitative research methodology was employed and interviews held with one of the heirs to the Ndebele throne, as well as the leader of one of the movements advocating for the resuscitation of the Ndebele or Mthwakazi kingdom.
Compensatory Strategies That Reduce Knee Extensor Demand During a Bilateral Squat Change From 3 to 5 Months Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Sigward Susan M. , Chan Ming-Sheng M. , Lin Paige E. , Almansouri Sara Y. , Pratt Kristamarie A.
Published: June 2018

Background

Decreased extensor moments in the surgical knee during bilateral squats can persist beyond 1 year following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This is accomplished using interlimb and intralimb compensations.

Objectives

This study sought to assess loading during squatting longitudinally, 3 and 5 months post ACLR, and to determine the extent to which interlimb and intralimb compensations contribute to reduced knee extensor moments.

Methods

In this controlled, longitudinal laboratory study, 11 individuals (4 male) underwent 3-D motion analysis of a squat at 3 and 5 months post ACLR. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (limb by time) assessed differences in peak knee and hip flexion angles, knee extensor moment, vertical ground reaction force, and hip-to-knee extensor moment ratio. Stepwise linear regression analysis was used to determine the contribution of interlimb (between-limb vertical ground reaction force ratio) and intralimb (within-surgical-limb hip-to-knee moment ratio) compensations to the between-limb knee extensor moment ratio.

Results

A significant effect of limb was observed for knee flexion angle, knee extensor moment, vertical ground reaction force, and hip-to-knee extensor moment ratio, while a significant effect of time was observed for knee extensor moment and hip-to-knee extensor moment ratio. At 3 months, the vertical ground reaction force ratio and hip-to-knee extensor moment ratio predicted the knee extensor moment ratio (R2 = 0.854, P<.001). At 5 months, the hip-to-knee extensor moment ratio predicted the knee extensor moment ratio (R2 = 0.584, P = .006).

Conclusion

Individuals used interlimb and intralimb compensations to reduce the knee extensor moment of the surgical limb at 3 months post ACLR. Similar reductions in the knee extensor moment at 5 months were accomplished with only intralimb compensations. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(9):713–718. Epub 12 Jun 2018. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2018.7977
Progression in Running Intensity or Running Volume and the Development of Specific Injuries in Recreational Runners: Run Clever, a Randomized Trial Using Competing Risks
Authors: Ramskov Daniel , Rasmussen Sten , Sørensen Henrik , Parner Erik Thorlund , Lind Martin , Nielsen Rasmus
Published: June 2018

Background

It has been proposed that training intensity and training volume are associated with specific running-related injuries. If such an association exists, secondary preventive measures could be initiated by clinicians, based on symptoms of a specific injury diagnosis.

Objectives

To test the following hypotheses: (1) a running schedule focusing on running intensity (S-I) would increase the risk of sustaining Achilles tendinopathy, gastrocnemius injuries, and plantar fasciitis compared with hypothesized volume-related injuries; and (2) a running schedule focusing on running volume (S-V) would increase the risk of sustaining patellofemoral pain syndrome, iliotibial band syndrome, and patellar tendinopathy compared with hypothesized intensity-related injuries.

Methods

In this randomized clinical trial and etiology study, healthy recreational runners were included in a 24-week follow-up, divided into 8-week preconditioning and 16-week specific-focus training periods. Participants were randomized to 1 of 2 running schedules: S-I or S-V. The S-I group progressed the amount of high-intensity running (88% maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max] or greater) each week, and the S-V group progressed total weekly running volume. A global positioning system watch or smartphone collected data on running. Running-related injuries were diagnosed based on a clinical examination. Estimates were reported as risk difference and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Of 447 runners, a total of 80 sustained an injury (S-I, n = 36; S-V, n = 44). Risk differences (95% CIs) of intensity injuries in the S-I group were −0.8% (−5.0%, 3.4%) at 2 weeks, −0.8% (−6.7%, 5.1%) at 4 weeks, −2.0% (−9.2%, 5.2%) at 8 weeks, and −5.1% (−16.5%, 6.3%) at 16 weeks. Risk differences (95% CIs) of volume injuries in the S-V group were −0.9% (−5.0%, 3.2%) at 2 weeks, −2.0% (−7.5%, 3.5%) at 4 weeks, −3.2% (−9.1%, 2.7%) at 8 weeks, and −3.4% (13.2%, 6.2%) at 16 weeks.

Conclusion

No difference in risk of hypothesized intensity- and volume-specific running-related injuries exists between the 2 running schedules focused on progression in either running intensity or volume.

Level of Evidence

Etiology, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(10):740–748. Epub 12 Jun 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8062
Analysis of Motor Control in Patients With Low Back Pain: A Key to Personalized Care?
Authors: van Dieën Jaap H. , Reeves N. Peter , Kawchuk Greg , van Dillen Linda R. , Hodges Paul W.
Published: June 2018

Synopsis

Motor control exercise has been shown to be effective in the management of low back pain (LBP). However, the effect sizes for motor control exercise are modest, possibly because studies have used a one-size-fits-all approach, while the literature suggests that patients may differ in presence or type of motor control issues. In this commentary, we address the question of whether consideration of such variation in motor control issues might contribute to more personalized motor control exercise for patients with LBP. Such an approach is plausible, because motor control changes may play a role in persistence of pain through effects on tissue loading that may cause nociceptive afference, particularly in the case of peripheral sensitization. Subgrouping systems used in clinical practice, which comprise motor control aspects, allow reliable classification that is, in part, aligned with findings in studies on motor control in patients with LBP. Motor control issues may have heuristic value for treatment allocation, as the different presentations observed suggest different targets for motor control exercise, but this remains to be proven. Finally, clinical assessment of patients with LBP should take into account more aspects than motor control alone, including pain mechanisms, musculoskeletal health, and psychosocial factors, and may need to be embedded in a stratification approach based on prognosis to avoid undue diagnostic procedures. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(6):380–388. Epub 12 Jun 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.7916
Political Mandate and Clarity of Responsibility: Economic Policies under Rightist Governments in Latin America
Authors: Biglaiser Glen , McGauvran Ronald J.
Published: June 2018

Since the mid-1990s, some rightist governments in Latin America have adhered to a strict market orientation while others have shown less attachment to doctrinaire neoliberal policies, a puzzle as rightists are expected to favor minimal government intervention in the economy. In an environment over the past two decades in which market-oriented policies, in general, have grown increasingly unpopular with many Latin Americans, we contend that rightists have less political cover to endorse neoliberal policies. Using panel data for eighteen Latin American countries from 1995 to 2015, we find that, because of the clarity of responsibility that occurs under political mandates and the unpopularity of market reforms, mandate-holding rightist governments will tend to go against their ideological preferences and decrease neoliberal policies. Our findings indicate that as presidential vote margins increase and responsibility for unpopular economic policies becomes clearer, rightist executives will be less willing to support such policies, but only to a point. The results suggest that clarity of responsibility can influence presidential decision-making concerning unpopular policies, especially microeconomic policies, but this influence diminishes as presidents become more electorally secure.
“Where you from?”: Deportación, identidad y trabajo reciclado en el call center salvadoreño
Authors: Goodfriend Hilary
Published: June 2018

Mucha de la literatura académica concibe la deportación como un proceso de eliminación de deshechos. Sin embargo, la existencia de una clase significativa de personas deportadas de los Estados Unidos trabajando como agentes de call center en países como México, Honduras, Guatemala y El Salvador sugiere mejor la metáfora del reciclaje, una muestra de las eficiencias cínicas y crueles del capitalismo global neoliberal. Este artículo se basa en entrevistas con trece individuos quienes migraron a los Estados Unidos como menores de edad, fueron deportados a El Salvador después de largas residencias en Estados Unidos, y encontraron empleo en la creciente industria de call center salvadoreña donde brindan servicios virtuales en inglés para clientes norteamericanos. Argumento que este reciclaje laboral se posibilita a través de una extensión de la condición de deportabilidad, que sigue produciendo una población de trabajadores vulnerables para la explotación del capital norteamericano en El Salvador aún después de la deportación, y que este proceso de reciclaje actúa como proceso disciplinario que reproduce un discurso neoliberal de responsabilidad personal, en el cual el trabajo de call center emerge como el instrumento para reformar los deportados transgresores y convertirlos en sujetos neoliberales productivos.
A Qualitative Research on the Occupational Anxieties Final Year Medical Students in Medical Faculty, Aydın
Authors: KÖKSAL YASİN Yağmur , ÖZTÜRK Sercan , DEREBOY Çiğdem , OKYAY Pınar
Published: June 2018

Background: Our aim was to deeply assess the occupational anxiety of Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine senior students and the causes of the anxiety. The medical faculties will be able to shed light on the anxiety of senior students, and will guide them on the steps to be taken in this regard.Methods: The study was a qualitative study, designed in the form of phenomenological research. It started in August 2016 and was completed in December 2017. Focus group interview technique was used as the data collection method in the study. Participants in the groups were selected by an easily accessible and analogous sampling method. A total of 30 participants and three focus group interviews were conducted. The analysis of the work was done manually by content analysis method. Data analysis resulted in 15 sub-themes and6 main themes.Results: 15 of the participants were female, 24 were median age (minimum: 23, maximum: 30). The main themes after the focus group interview were “medical students' anxieties about the medical occupation of the final year students”, “anxieties about specialization in medicine exams”, “compulsory service anxiety” and “working anxieties as a general practitioner” in four groups. These themes were also associated with “gender” and “health politics”. Thus, a total of six themes were identified as the main theme.Conclusions: The senior students of the medical faculty were seriously concerned about their occupational training and their occupational life after graduation. Students who will soon become physicians should be able to make their profession in a good environment and in good shape. For this, the medical education system and health policies should be revised.
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıpta Uzmanlık Eğitimi Programlarına İlişkin Eğitici ve Öğrenci Geribildirimleri
Authors: ÇAPA KAYA Gamze , KOLUAÇIK Şule , AKTAŞ Neslihan , MUSAL Berna
Published: June 2018

Amaç:
Uygulanan eğitim programlarının, eğiticiler ve öğrenciler tarafından sürekli ve
sistematik olarak değerlendirilmesi ve elde edilen bulgular ışığında
güncellenerek geliştirilmesi önem taşımaktadır. Fakültemizde mezuniyet sonrası
eğitim programları eğiticiler ve tıpta uzmanlık öğrencileri(TUÖ) tarafından her
yıl Haziran ayında, mezuniyet sonrası eğitim kurulu tarafından geliştirilmiş
olan geri bildirim formları ile değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada beş yıllık
değerlendirme bulgularının sunulması amaçlanmaktadır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Öğrenciler 30
maddeden ve eğiticiler ise altı maddeden oluşan geri bildirim formları ile
eğitim programını değerlendirmişlerdir. Her iki formda yer alan maddeler beşli
ölçekle değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrenci geri bildirim formundaki ölçeğin
güvenirlik α katsayısı: 0.97, eğitici geri bildirim formunun güvenirlik
katsayısı: 0.86 olarak bulunmuştur. Veriler SPSS 15.0 programı kullanılarak
değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Beş yıllık süreçte tüm
başlıklar için ortalamalar genel olarak 5 üzerinden 3 ve üzerindedir. 2015
yılında eğitici ve TUÖ geri bildirim formlarındaki dört ortak maddenin
ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında tüm maddelerde eğiticiler öğrencilerden
yüksek puan vermişlerdir. Sonuç: Beş yıllık süreçte öğrenci ve
eğiticilerin sürdürülen uzmanlık eğitimi programını genel olarak olumlu
buldukları anlaşılmaktadır. Göreli olarak en düşük puan alan “çalışma ortamı
fiziki alt yapısı”, “bölüm dışı rotasyonların eğitime katkısı”, “anabilim
dalında uzmanlık öğrencisi ile ilgili akademik kararlara katılım” ve
“poliklinik eğitimine öğretim üyesi katkısı” başlıklarının ayrıntılı olarak
araştırılmasının yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Aynı Fiziksel ve Elektromanyetik Parametreler Altında EASMSM ve ORSMSM’un Vuruntu Torkuna göre Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Aksöz Ahmet , Saygın Ali
Published: June 2018

Eksenel
akılı sabit mıknatıslı senkron motor (EASMSM) ve outrunner sabit mıknatıslı
senkron motor (ORSMSM) sıklıkla kullanılan döner tip motor çeşitleridir.
Elektrik motorları için vuruntu torkunun istenmeyen bir çıktıdır. Yüksek
devirlerde çalışırken vuruntu torku eylemsizlik momenti sayesinde önemli bir
problem olmamasına rağmen, düşük devirlerde vuruntu torku üstesinden gelinmesi
gereken bir ciddi sorundur. Özellikle bir uydu üzerindeki güneş panellerinin
hareketi için vuruntu torku en aza indirilmelidir. Vuruntu torku sürekli
mıknatıslı senkron motorların tasarımında çok önemli bir unsur olduğundan
dolayı, bu çalışmada sadece vuruntu torkuna odaklanılmıştır. Bu amaçla,
elektromanyetik analiz programında tasarlanan modeller vuruntu torkuna göre
karşılaştırılmıştır. Böylece en az vuruntu torku istenen uygulamalar için ne
tip motorun tercih edilmesi gerektiği gösterilmiştir.
Implementasi E-Modul pada Program Studi Manajemen Informatika Universitas Bina Darma Berbasis Web Mobile
Authors: Solikin Imam
Published: June 2018

Program Studi Manajemen Informasi merupakan pendidikan Diploma (D III), yang berada pada Fakultas Vokasi. Dalam proses perkuliahan masih banyak yang menggunakan modul (modul cetak kertas). Situasi seperti ini mengakibatkan mahasiswa kurang maksimal dalam belajar dan kurang memahami materi pelajaran karena ada materi yang terlewatkan, sehingga mengakibatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa akan ilmu kurang maksimal. Salah satu solusi dari permasalah tersebut, perlu adanya pengembangan dalam proses perkuliahan dengan menambah media elektronik seperti e-modul. E-modul merupakan dokumen atau artikel dalam format elektronik. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan information technology (IT) berupa e-modul untuk meningkatkan belajar mahasiswa Program Studi Manajemen Informtika Fakultas Vokasi Universitas Bina Darma. Tujuan dari implementasi ini agar mempermudah belajar mahasiswa dimanapun tempatnya karena bisa diakses dan dipelajarin menggunakan smarthpone secara online dalam bentuk e-modul yaitu full modul dari materi pertama sampai akhir. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah linier sequential model dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu analysis, design, coding, testing, and support. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian tersebut berupa aplikasi e-modul berbasis web mobile yang dapat dibuka melalui smartphone. Dengan adanya e-modul ini proses belajar mahasiswa bisa menjadi lebih efektif.
Recursos Genéticos Forestales
Authors: Mallén Rivera Carlos
Published: June 2018

Los bosques y los árboles mejoran y protegen el paisaje, los ecosistemas y los sistemas de producción; brindan bienes y servicios que son esenciales para la supervivencia y el bienestar de toda la humanidad. Los recursos genéticos forestales (RGF) son el material hereditario que se encuentra dentro y entre las especies arbustivas y de los árboles que tienen un valor social, científico, ambiental o económico real o potencial. Los RGF son fundamentales para los procesos de adaptación y evolución de los bosques y los árboles, así como para mejorar su productividad. 

Se espera que la población mundial actual de 7.2 mil millones alcance 9.6 mil millones hacia el año 2050. Junto con el crecimiento poblacional, se estima que aumentará también la demanda de energía y productos derivados de la madera en 40 % en los próximos 20 años. Asimismo, habrá un incremento en la demanda de diversos bienes relacionados con el ámbito forestal: alimentos, medicamentos, forraje y otros productos básicos.
EL PLAN COSTA COMO UNA MEJOR OPCIÓN DE MANEJO PARA ESPECIES FORESTALES TROPICALES DE JALISCO
Authors: Apodaca-Martínez Maribel , Curiel-Alcaraz Gonzalo Millán , Mendoza-Briseño Martín Alfonso , Vargas-Mendoza Mónica , Valdez Hernández Juan Ignacio , Platas Rosado Diego Esteban
Published: June 2018

Se exponen las políticas administrativas y tratamientos silvícolas del método Plan Costa (PC), tal como se han aplicado en Jalisco desde 1983. Se busca con esta retrospectiva conocer si PC es exitoso por sí mismo. El trabajo se funda en información de los programas de manejo forestal autorizados con este sistema. Los datos se cotejaron respecto a la teoría y evidencia científica y se contrastaron con visitas de campo (en 201 y 2012), además de entrevistas con técnicos y productores. El PC reemplaza las especificaciones usuales de diámetro mínimo, intensidad y ciclo de corta por un criterio único que integra atributos de madurez del árbol con su rendimiento maderable potencial y con el probable efecto de su extracción; ha mantenido el flujo de remoción que abastece numerosos productos a una compleja serie de cadenas productivas. Sus tratamientos silvícolas han favorecido el renuevo de todas las especies comerciales importantes, excepto Tabebuia rosea. La ocupación productiva del suelo es total, pero los inventarios de madera han disminuido por efecto de un ataque de pudrición de fuste en Enterolobium cyclocarpum, la especie de mayor volumen. El desempeño de PC podría considerarse producto de su diseño, más que de las circunstancias predominantes en la zona. Al compararlo con el plan Quintana Roo (PQR), el método silvícola mexicano tropical mejor documentado, ambos han evitado cambios en la frontera forestal y, si en PQR aún no se han observado respuestas silvícolas exitosas atribuibles al método, en PC son patentes.