bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical predictive model for identifying high-risk factors in Pleurisy Tuberculoma patients
Authors: Gao weiwei , Yang Chen , Wang Tianzhen , Guo Yicheng , Dai Guangchuan , Hu Weiyi , Chen Shanshan , Tang Xiaoli , Yin Chunyang , Chen Cheng , Zeng Yi
Published: May 2024

Introduction
: Pleurisy tuberculoma(PTM) manifests as a tumor-like lesion in either the parietal or visceral pleura. The majority of PTM cases arise during the management of tuberculous pleural effusion, underscoring a strong association between the two conditions, despite the precise pathogenesis remaining elusive. To explore the high-risk factors for the development of PTM, we constructed a clinical predictive model aimed at providing more powerful clues for PTM treatment.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on patients with PTM or TPE who were treated at Nanjing Chest Hospital and Nanjing Second Hospital between March 2013 and April 2024. The demographic information and clinical characteristics were sorted out, and the model was constructed by logistic regression, lasso regression, and best subset selection. ROC curves, calibration curves, DCA curves, and clinical impact curves were analyzed for all constructed models to determine the final clinical prediction model. In the internal validation, the performance of the selected model was further evaluated.
Results
The final predictive model incorporated two risk factors associated with PTM development: Ki-67+CD4+T and Ki-67+CD8+T. Despite its limited calibration, the model has a strong discriminating ability (c-statistic = 0.987; 95% confidence interval: 0.969-1.000) and holds significant clinical value (as indicated by DCA analysis, maintaining a high net benefit across a wide threshold range). During internal validation, the model exhibited excellent predictive performance (AUC: 0.98; Accuracy: 0.96; Kappa: 0.93; Sensitivity: 0.95; Specificity: 0.96).
Conclusion
A predictive model based on two indicators may help clinicians make early predictions of PTM based on laboratory data. The results of this study may motivate healthcare providers to further investigate the immune role of T lymphocytes in PTM individuals, enhancing comprehension of the development of PTM.
From Diagnosis to Management: Unveiling the Challenges of Artificial Intelligence Solutions in Cardiovascular Healthcare
Authors: Idakwo Valentine
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality in the world. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers an opportunity to improve the quality of care provided to cardiovascular patients due to its ability to handle large and complex data. Despite promising results obtained in several studies, widespread adoption of AI in cardiovascular care is lacking due to the existence of some gaps. The goal of this study is to analyze the existing challenges faced by AI solutions in cardiovascular care. This study adopted a mixed-methods research approach, combining semi-structured interviews with responses from a self-administered online survey. A total of 5 interviews were conducted and 91 valid survey responses were obtained. Survey respondents included doctors, nurses, medical researchers, health I specialists, hospital administrators, and other clinically affiliated participants working with cardiovascular patients. Participants identified 8 major challenges: data-related challenges, regulatory challenges, infrastructural challenges, gaps in knowledge, transparency challenges, ethical challenges, issues with change management, and acceptance challenges. These gaps hinder the adoption of AI in cardiovascular care and taking proactive measures to address these challenges is key to fostering AI adoption.
Enhancing Patient Rehabilitation Outcomes: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Predictive Modeling for Home Discharge in Neurological and Orthopedic Conditions
Authors: Buscarini Leonardo , Romano Paola , Cocco Elena Sofia , Damiani Carlo , Pournajaf Sanaz , Franceschini Marco , Infarinato Francesco
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the fusion of the medical and computer science domains has gained significant traction in the scientific research landscape. Progress in both fields has enabled the generation of a vast amount of data used for making predictions and identifying interesting clusters and pathways. The Machine Learning model's application in the medical domain is one of the most compelling and challenging topics to explore, bridging the gap between Artificial Intelligence (AI). and healthcare. The combination of AI and medical information offers the possibility to create tools that can benefit both healthcare providers and physicians. This enables the enhancement of rehabilitation therapy and patient care. In the rehabilitation context, this work provides an alternative perspective: prediction of patients’ home discharge upon completing the rehabilitation protocol. Demographic and clinical data were collected on 7282 inpatients from electronic Medical Record, each record was categorized into Neurological Patients (NP, N = 3222) or Orthopedic Patients (OP, N = 4060). To comprehend the most suitable machine learning model, an extensive data preprocessing phase was essential. This included steps such as variable recoding, scaling, and comparing various dataset balancing methods to enhance the model’s performance. Random Forest model was selected after a careful review and comparison of algorithms commonly utilized in the clinical-rehabilitative domain. Following a significant hyperparameter optimization phase through a grid search technique, we achieved an accuracy rate of 97% for OP and slightly lower (94%) for NP. This work points out the increasing importance of AI in medicine, especially in the realm of personalized rehabilitation. The use of such approaches could signify a transformative shift in healthcare. The integration of machine learning not only enhances the precision of treatment but also opens new possibilities for patient-centered care, improving outcomes and quality of care for individuals undergoing rehabilitation.
Cardiac Dysfunction in Trisomy 18 with Ventricular Septal Defect after Pulmonary Artery Banding
Authors: Kishi Kanta , Nemoto Shintaro , Ozaki Noriyasu , Odanaka Yutaka , Ashida Atsuko , Konishi Hayato , Suzuki Akiyo , Ashida Akira
Published: May 2024

Although palliative pulmonary artery banding (PAB) is widely known to contribute to hospital discharge in infants with trisomy 18 (T18) and ventricular septal defect (VSD), the long-term prognosis remains unsatisfactory unless corrective surgery is performed. This study aimed to explore the possible reasons for poor outcomes of PAB in patients with T18 and VSD using hemodynamic and morphological evaluations. Echocardiography was used to assess the ventricular function via tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Based on the values for healthy individuals, comparisons were made between infants with T18 and those with normal karyotype (NK) who underwent PAB for VSD. Right and left ventricular functions were impaired after PAB in infants with T18 and NK with VSD compared to those in healthy infants. The parameters indicating left ventricular function were similar after PAB between the infants with T18 and NK with VSD; however, the PAB-impaired right ventricular (RV) diastolic function was significantly worse in the infants in the T18 subgroup than those in the NK subgroup. Interestingly, RV diastolic dysfunction was significantly and positively correlated with elevated RV end-diastolic pressure and serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels. Myocardial hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis were observed in the resected RV muscle of patients with T18. RV diastolic dysfunction progressed after PAB in patients with T18 and a large VSD, possibly because of excessive RV hypertrophy. These findings may contribute to poor outcomes.
Prompting and In-Context Learning: Optimizing Prompts for Mistral Large
Authors: Higginbotham Grant Z. , Matthews Nathan S.
Published: May 2024

The exploration of the synergy between prompting and in-context learning reveals significant improvements in the performance of language models when tailored instructions and relevant context are integrated. The research delves into various prompt designs, assessing their impact on tasks such as text summarisation, machine translation, and question-answering. Prompts that include clear, explicit instructions and contextual information significantly enhance model outputs in terms of accuracy, coherence, and relevance. Experiments with the Mistral Large model demonstrate that adaptive prompting, which dynamically adjusts based on real-time interactions, can further refine model performance. Challenges such as balancing the amount of context to avoid information overload and the sensitivity of model responses to subtle changes in prompt phrasing are addressed. The study's findings underscore the critical role of effective prompt engineering and contextual integration in maximising the potential of language models. Future research directions include developing systematic methods for prompt design, optimising contextual information, and exploring cross-task generalisation. This research contributes valuable insights into guiding and informing language models, paving the way for more intelligent and adaptive AI systems across diverse applications.
Legal Effectiveness of Halal Product Certification in Improving Business Economics in Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Aulia Rahma , Nubahai Labib , Rahman Rozanah Ab , Mohamed Rosmah
Published: May 2024

Law Number 33 of 2014 and Government Regulation Number 31 of 2019 in Indonesia shifted halal certification from voluntary to mandatory on October 17, 2019, contrasting with Malaysia's voluntary system under the 2011 Akta Perihal Dagang (APD). This study aims to scrutinize the legal regulations of halal certification in both countries and assess their impacts on business entities. Employing a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach reveals differences in certification procedures, notably in application-to-issuance stages. Indonesia provides a self-declaration mechanism for micro and small businesses, while Malaysia lacks such a provision. Nonetheless, material inspection principles align in both nations. Most respondents perceive halal certification as crucial for sales turnover, despite challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is significant for businesses and governments on how to manage halal certification in both countries.
Tomografia de resistividade elétrica e sísmica de refração na avaliação de encostas: o caso da Encosta do Mirante, Guarujá-São Paulo
Authors: Santos Cleber de Jesus , Picanço Jefferson de Lima , Gandolfo Otávio Coaracy Brasil , Stangari Marcelo César , Santo Julia Vieira , Lämmle Luca
Published: May 2024

A ocorrência de escorregamentos em regiões serranas devido as chuvas vem motivando intensas discussões acerca da busca por mecanismos de monitoramento dos processos hidrológicos em escala de detalhe. A geofísica desponta como uma metodologia alternativa na superação deste desafio, dada a sua praticidade na obtenção dos dados, capacidade de resolução, relação custo/benefício, para além de utilizarem métodos não invasivos. Assim, o objetivo da pesquisa consiste em explorar as potencialidades do uso combinado do método de Sísmica de Refração com a Tomografia de Resistividade Elétrica na avaliação de encostas associadas a escorregamentos, sobretudo a partir de contextos climáticos distintos. Para tal, foi realizada uma caracterização do regolito através de ambas os métodos em dois cenários climatológicos distintos, período seco e chuvoso. Na oportunidade, serão apresentados também os aspectos relativos às correlações entre as informações das tomografias para compreender a dinâmica da água-regolito. Considerando o constatado benefício proveniente da combinação de ambos os métodos apresentados, acredita-se que o incremento de informações de geofísica no monitoramento geotécnico, pode colaborar de forma decisiva na compreensão dos mecanismos de instabilização de encosta.
Inventariação e estratégias de geoconservação para o agreste meridional da Paraíba – Brasil
Authors: Figuerêdo Andreza Caroline Dias , Mariano Gorki , Guimarães Thais de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Agreste Meridional do estado da Paraíba em uma área de 274km², abrangendo os 5 municípios: Natuba, Salgado de São Félix, Mogeiro, Ingá e Itatuba. O objetivo principal foi realizar através do método de Inventariação o levantamento da geodiversidade e dos aspectos culturais e sociais associados, e assim propor estratégias de geoconservação para os geossítios e sítios de geodiversidade inventariados. A área de estudo envolve os complexos Salgadinho, Floresta e Sertânia de idade paleoproterozóica e intrusões graníticas de idade neoproterozóica. A metodologia constou de levantamento bibliográfico, visita de campo e seleção dos sítios, e elaboração de inventário. Foram inventariados 05 geossítios e 04 sítios de geodiversidade. Por fim, foram propostas estratégias de geoconservação de acordo com os resultados analisados de cada sítio para que dessa forma ocorra a valorização do geopatrimônio da região estudada, assim como também a possibilidade de geoeducação e geoturismo diante o potencial geocientífico regional.
Contribuições para a gestão de segurança de barragens de dois empreendedores estaduais de Pernambuco
Authors: Prado Amanda Rafaely Monte do , Silva Simone Rosa da
Published: May 2024

Este estudo propõe o estabelecimento de uma ordem de prioridades das barragens dos dois principais empreendedores estaduais de Pernambuco, através da aplicação da metodologia do PLANERB, a fim de atender a instrumentos da Política Nacional de Segurança de Barragens (PNSB). Também está proposto o planejamento financeiro para execução das ações necessárias. Os resultados apontam que a existência de documentação técnica e monitoramento da barragem influencia diretamente na ordem de prioridades. A partir das ordens de prioridades obtidas, os planejamentos propostos visam atender 5% das barragens da COMPESA e 10% da SEINFRA, totalizando cerca de R$ 2.000.000,00 e R$ 1.800.000,00, ao final do primeiro ano, respectivamente. Os resultados fornecem subsídios para o processo de implementação da PNSB, contribuindo para a gestão da segurança das barragens, e servindo como ferramenta de auxílio à tomada de decisões.
Morfodinâmica e risco de erosão no alto curso do Rio Curimataú (PB): uma análise a partir de técnicas de monitoramento da perda de solo
Authors: Dos Santos Ana Célia Fidelis , Saulo Roberto De Oliveira Vital  , Dos Santos Hellen Niedja Ferreira , Caio Lima Dos Santos  , Guerra Antônio José Teixeira
Published: May 2024

O trabalho objetivou estimar os dados de perda de solo no alto curso da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Curimataú utilizando as estações experimentais com pinos erosivos. Essas estações consistem na medição da perda de solo a partir do rebaixamento do solo em relação a exposição do pino da superfície. Foram instaladas 2 estações de monitoramento em sub-bacias amostrais da bacia em estudo com características geoambientais semelhantes. A estação 01 apresentou o uso e cobertura da terra de áreas descobertas com uso de atividades agrícolas, já a estação 02 apresentou o uso e cobertura de savana estépica arborizada em estagio inicial de recuperação. Após 1 ano de monitoramento foi possível analisar que a estação que mais obteve perda de solo foi a estação 1, apresentando 1,6 t/ha/ano, enquanto a estação 02 totalizou 1,1 t/ha/ano. Dessa maneira, diante de cenários geoambientais iguais entre as duas sub-bacias, a maior suscetibilidade a perda de solo ocorreu na estação 01 que apresentou sua cobertura caracterizada como solo desnudo e práticas agrícolas, esse tipo de uso e cobertura da terra na bacia representa 905 Km2 de uma área total de 2.021 Km2, levantando um cénario preocupante na degradação de solos para a bacia do Rio Curimataú.
Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Hyperinsulinemic
Hypoglycemia in Adults: A Single-center Experience
Authors: Cordenos Giulia , Piccinno Elia , Cominacini Mattia , Davì Maria Vittoria
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia (HH) is a rare condition characterized
by inappropriately elevated insulin levels in the presence of low glucose levels. A proper
diagnostic framework is fundamental to avoid patients undergoing unnecessary diagnostic and
therapeutic invasive procedures.

Objective:

The study aimed to assess the clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up, and treatment
of a single-center cohort of patients affected by HH.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected from January 2000-2023

Results:

Our study included 104 patients: 81 (58% F) affected by insulinoma, 11 (91% F) by
autoimmune hypoglycemia, 7 (71% M) by post-gastric surgery hypoglycemia, and 5 (80% F) by
factitious hypoglycemia. HH was more frequent in females (63 F vs. 41 M, p-value 0.039). The
median age at diagnosis was lower in insulinoma than in the autoimmune group (52.7 vs. 63.7 y,
p < 0.001). During the hypoglycemic event, insulin and C-peptide levels were significantly
higher in autoimmune hypoglycemia than in insulinoma (insulin 324.6 vs. 36.4 μU/ml, p-value
0.033; C-peptide 14.25 vs. 3.99 ng/ml, p-value 0.003). Specifically, C-peptide levels < 9.6 ng/ml
and insulin levels < 75 μU/ml exhibited 97.3% vs. 93.4% sensitivity and 80% vs. 90% specificity
for insulinoma diagnosis, respectively. Regarding insulinoma, the sensitivity of localizing imaging
was 88% for Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS), 86% for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI),
82% for Computed Tomography (CT) scan, 52% for nuclear imaging, and 100% for angiography
with the Doppman test. Among insulinoma patients, 79% received surgical treatment
while 4% radiofrequency ablation. Symptomatic remission occurred in 100% of cases.

Conclusion:

We have confirmed insulinoma as the primary cause of HH. The autoimmune form
should be suspected when insulin and C-peptide levels are markedly elevated.
Healing Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Thymbra Spicata and
Ferulago Angulata on Second-degree Burn Wounds in Rats
Authors: Ghaneialvar Huri , Alizadeh Reza , Akbari Amir Reza , Yari Milad , Mansouri Kazhal , Ahmadi Alireza , Mami Sajad , Haddadi Mohammad Hossein , Bahmani Mahmoud
Published: May 2024

Objective:

Burns can be physically and mentally painful, making them one of the
worst experiences. In this study, hydroalcoholic extracts of Thymbra spicata and Ferulago angulata
were investigated as treatments for second-degree burns in male Wistar rats.

Methods:

To create the burn wounds, a circular metal tool with a diameter of 2 cm was used,
followed by treatment with prepared ointments including Ferulago angulata (1%), Thymbra spicata
(1%), Thymbra spicata plus Ferulago angulata (1%), and Adib derm ointment. The wound
area was measured and the wound tissue was examined histopathologically on days 1, 7, 14, and
21 in each group. The ointments were applied every day for 21 days to determine the wound
healing rate.

Results:

The experiment showed that on the sixth and eleventh days, the groups treated with a
combination of Ferulago angulata and Thymbra spicata, and Ferulago angulata alone, demonstrated
significant reductions in wound area. According to histopathology, both Ferulago angulata
alone and in combination with Thymbra spicata significantly improved the inflammatory
condition, epithelialization process, fibroplasia, arrangement, and density of collagen fibers
when compared to the other groups.

Conclusion:

The study showed that Ferulago angulata extract, either on its own or in combination
with Thymbra spicata extract, has significant healing and restorative effects on seconddegree
burn wounds in animal models.
Evaluating the Current State of Pedestrian Facilities in Peri-Urban and Urban Areas: A Case Study of Pietermaritzburg City
Authors: Maseko Wealthy Tsembile , Adedeji Jacob Adedayo , Bashingi Ndakhona , Honiball James
Published: May 2024

Background

Pedestrian infrastructure is pivotal for advancing the movement of nonmotorized road users and plays a transformative role in transitioning toward sustainable transportation, especially in rural territories influenced by urban dynamics and interconnected by daily commuter flows. Both walking and cycling stand out as paramount sustainable transport means, offering substantial health and environmental benefits, including reduced noise and air pollution. Multiple factors, such as convenience, safety, accessibility, service cost, flexibility, and the quality of pedestrian pathways, shape individuals' propensity to walk. Notably, in peri-urban contexts, the cost of service becomes a significant determinant, as a notable proportion of the population earns minimal wages or faces unemployment.

Objective

This study sought to examine the current state of pedestrian walkways within Pietermaritzburg and surrounding areas, through which the accessibility, availability, and quality of these facilities were assessed. The study has suggested possible solutions to address the challenges faced by pedestrians.

Methods

By conducting semi-structured interviews and leveraging ArcGIS mapping utilities, this research has delineated the existing scenario and offered an initial redesign tailored to pedestrian requirements.

Results

The data have starkly revealed pervasive inadequacies in the existing pedestrian infrastructure. The functionality and safety of current amenities have been manifestly undermined by these shortcomings. The continuing use of these dilapidated facilities may pose alarming threats not only to pedestrians, but also to other road users.
Application of high-power ablation mode in patients with idiopathic ventricular extrasystole
Authors: Prorok S.Yu.
Published: May 2024

Background. A new method of high-power short-duration ablation (HPSDA) with high impact energy, ranging from 60 to 90 W, is becoming widespread in the world. However, the number of studies on the use of HPSDA in patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVA) is limited. It is relevant to study the feasibility of using HPSDA to improve the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with IVA. The aim of the study: to evaluate the immediate results of HPSDA in RFA for IVA and to compare it with the classic ablation mode. Materials and methods. We have retrospectively analyzed the results of RFA in 54 patients with symptomatic IVA. Their average age was 45.0 ± 11.7 years. The majority were men (72.3 %). Given the possible effect of intracardiac mapping on the results of ablation, the patients were divided into two groups. Group I include 27 (50 %) participants in whom mapping was performed using 3D navigation. Group II include 27 (50 %) patients in whom 3D navigation was not used. The decision to use HPSDA or classic ablation was made empirically, without considering any factors or characteristics of a patient. The following ablation parameters were used during HPSDA: temperature 45 °C, exposure time 7 seconds, energy 70 W. Results. In group I, where 3D navigation was used to localize the substrate, HPSDA was performed in 12 patients (44.4 %), and the classic mode was used in 15 cases (55.6 %). With conventional mapping, HPSDA was applied in 10 (37.0 %) patients, and the classic mode in 17 (63.0 %). Сlassic ablation allowed to achieve complete arrhythmia suppression in all patients, regardless of the mapping method. When using only HPSDA, the disappearance of arrhythmia was observed only in 45.5 % of cases. With the use of the classic mode, recurrence of IVA during the control time was observed in 16.6 % of patients, while with the use HPSDA in 33.3 %. Conclusions. The high-power regimen demonstrated significantly lower efficacy for permanent suppression of IVA compared to classic ablation methods (p = 0.007). The use of HPSDA to suppress IVA is associated with a high risk of arrhythmia recurrence during control time (p = 0.0010). It is advisable to convert the ablation mode for complete suppression of arrhythmia when the HPSDA is ineffective.
Treatment of portal hypertension complicated by variceal bleeding
Authors: Tutchenko M.I. , Rudyk D.V. , Klyuzko І.V. , Besedinskyi M.S. , Chub S.L. , Sirenko О.А.
Published: May 2024

Background. Mortality in variceal bleeding (VB) on the background of portal hypertension (PH) is highest among patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. The treatment of PH complicated by VB is a complex problem that is far from being solved, especially in case of Child-Pugh class B and C decompensation. The aim of the study was to determine the causes of PH complicated by VB, features of conservative and interventional therapy, indications and nature of surgical procedures, treatment efficacy, as well as causes of complications and mortality. Materials and methods. We analyzed treatment outcomes of 923 inpatients with PH complicated by VB who were treated in the clinic of the Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Dentistry of Bogomolets National Medical University on the basis of the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital from 2012 to 2023. It was possible to talk about the cause of PH based on anamnestic data in 61 % of cases. In 711 (77 %) patients, the source of bleeding was detected endoscopically within 30–60 minutes from the moment of admission to the clinic. Conservative therapy included the administration of hemostatic and agents lowering pressure in the portal system, as well as vasoconstrictors that reduce portal blood flow. For the failure of conservative therapy, unstable hemostasis, and repeated previous bleedings, 59 (6.4 %) patients were operated. The methodology of the research analysis consisted in the fact that the arithmetic mean and standard error (M ± m) were determined as the characteristics of the groups for features with a distribution corresponding to the Gaussian law. This reference method of descriptive statistics was applied to evaluate surgical treatment in comparison with conservative therapy and interventional measures. Results. Endoscopic hemostasis by the ligature method was achieved in 97 (10.5 %) patients. Repeated endoscopy due to VB recurrence was done in 276 (29.9 %) participants. In cases of unsatisfactory endoscopic hemostasis, as well as recurrent VB, a Sengstaken-Blakemore probe was installed. In case of right-sided PH, the formation of varices in the esophagus is caused by the discharge of blood mainly through the coronary vein, which required its transection during еsophagogastric devascularization. In compliance with this rule, the patients underwent esophagogastric devascularization, circular transection of the esophagus, which provided portoazygous disconnection. The total mortality rate was 43.1 %, among operated people — 8.5 %, and among non-operated ones — 42.1 %. Conclusions. PH complicated by VB is evidence of decompensated processes in the liver parenchyma or obstruction in the portal system. Conservative therapy and interventional measures make it possible to stop bleeding and prepare the patient for elective surgery, if necessary. An operation that stops blood flow through dilated veins of the esophagus or stomach is an effective method of treating bleeding in portal hypertension.
Bilingual Science Popularization for School-age Children Based on Community Science Museum
Authors: She Lina , Chen Qiuxia , Li Xinleer
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore the effective ways for English major volunteers to carry out bilingual science popularization activities based on community science museum. Firstly, the content and process of the activity are elaborated, the existing problems are pointed out, and relevant suggestions are given. It is found that bilingual science popularization based on the community science museum not only helps to enhance the scientific knowledge and bilingual learning of community youth, but also promote the development of community culture.
Chlamydia abortus in brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) from the gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Limón-González Magalena , Avalos-Téllez Rosalía , Palomares Resendiz Erika Gabriela , Hernández-Castro Rigoberto , Díaz Aparicio Efren
Published: May 2024

The brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) is a migratory subspecies that nests on the islands of the gulf of California, in the Pacific Northwest. The objective of this study was to identify Chlamydia species in brown pelican samples obtained in 2016, 2017, and 2021. Samples were taken from the cloacae and choanae of 86 brown pelicans in specimens ranging from three to seven weeks of age. The samples were obtained with sterile swabs and transferred to an SPG growth medium. The DNA was extracted to carry out a real-time PCR that detects the gene of the 235 rRNA subunit of the Chlamydiaceae family. In addition, real-time PCR directed to the ompA gene was performed to determine the Chlamydia species. Of the 86 sampled pelicans, four were positive for the family Chlamydiaceae and Chlamydia abortus. This is the first report of C. abortus in brown pelicans from the gulf of California, Mexico.
Advancements in Visual Prosthetics: The Visionary Bionic Model
Authors: Karunamurthy Dr. A. , Udhayakumar Mr. V. , Udhayakumar B. , Yadav M. Aswin Ram
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The Visionary Bionic Model represents a paradigm shift in the field of visual prosthetics, offering new hope to individuals afflicted by retinal degenerative diseases. This journal paper provides a comprehensive overview of the foundational framework, operational mechanics, and advancements associated with the Visionary Bionic Model. Beginning with a historical context, the paper traces the evolution of bionic eyes from early conceptualizations to contemporary innovations. It explores the technological underpinnings of the Visionary Bionic Model, including microelectrode arrays, image acquisition systems, and signal processing algorithms. Clinical trials and case studies are examined to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Visionary Bionic Model in restoring sight to individuals with visual impairments. The paper also discusses challenges and limitations inherent in current bionic vision systems, such ` resolution and compatibility issues, and proposes avenues for future research and development. Ethical considerations surrounding accessibility, affordability, and informed consent are addressed, emphasizing the importance of responsible innovation. Ultimately, the Visionary Bionic Model holds promise as a transformative solution for individuals living with retinal degenerative diseases, offering renewed possibilities for enhanced vision and quality of life.
Enhancing Athletic Performance and Academic Success: The Role of Yoga in Bhopal\'s Volleyball Players
Authors: Sahu Anoop , Chauhan Sanjay Singh , Popatrao Jadhav Bhushan
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This study explores the impact of a structured yoga program on athletic performance and academic success among volleyball players in Bhopal. A total of 120 players, aged 16-20, were recruited and randomly assigned to either a yoga group, which participated in daily morning yoga sessions, or a control group, which did not engage in any additional activity. The intervention lasted for three months, focusing on asanas, pranayama, and meditation tailored to enhance concentration, flexibility, and overall physical fitness. Athletic performance was assessed using standard volleyball skill tests, including serving accuracy, jump height, and agility drills, both pre and post-intervention. Academic success was measured through GPA scores obtained from school records at the same intervals. Data were analyzed using ANOVA to compare changes within and between groups. Results showed significant improvements in the yoga group compared to the control group in both athletic (p < 0.05) and academic (p < 0.05) performance post-intervention. Specifically, the yoga group exhibited a 15% improvement in serving accuracy, a 10% increase in jump height, and a 12% better performance in agility drills. Academic scores also improved by an average of 0.5 points on the GPA scale. ANOVA results confirmed that the enhancements in performance and academic scores were statistically significant, underscoring the efficacy of integrating yoga into the training regimen of athletes. This study suggests that incorporating yoga can effectively support the dual aspirations of athletic and academic excellence, offering a holistic approach to the development of young athletes in Bhopal.
AI Assisted Deceptive Content Analysis System Using Bi-LSTM
Authors: Ajayaghosh Negha
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In an age of widespread misinformation, creating accurate machine learning algorithms is vital for ensuring the integrity of information sharing. This project aims to develop a machine learning model capable of distinguishing between fake and true news articles. [1]The model utilizes a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) neural network architecture. Exploratory data analysis techniques are employed to gain in-sights into the characteristics and distributions within the dataset. Data visualization techniques aid in understanding patterns and relationships within the dataset. Additionally, unigram analysis is conducted to extract meaningful features from the text data. The datasets are then prepared for model training, involving preprocessing steps such as tokenization and vectorization. Fi-nally, the Bi-LSTM model is constructed, leveraging its ability to capture long-range dependencies in sequential data. The model is trained on the prepared datasets, optimized using appropri-ate techniques, and evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The Bi-LSTM architecture offers the advantage of capturing long-range dependencies in sequential data, thereby enhancing the model’s ability to discern nuanced patterns in news articles. The primary objective of this project is to develop a robust and accurate system for automatically detecting fake news, thus playing a pivotal role in enhancing the dissemination of reliable information in the digital age.
La inconstitucionalidad de los veredictos no unánimes en los juicios por jurados de la República Argentina
Authors: Basaure Miranda Isaac Marcelo
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es demostrar la inconstitucionalidad de los veredictos no unánimes en los juicios por jurados que se desarrollan en la República Argentina. Para ello se refuta, desde un paradigma originalista y contextualista, la convalidación por parte de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación Argentina (CSJN) de Argentina de los veredictos mayoritarios en la sentencia caratulada: Canales, Mariano Eduardo y otro s/ Homicidio Agravado - Impugnación Extraordinaria del 2 de mayo de 2019. Para este fin se realiza un estudio de los argumentos expuestos por la CSJN para fundamentar su sentencia. Asimismo, se examinan los principales antecedentes nacionales del juicio por jurados, el contexto histórico en el que fue adoptado por la Constitución Nacional Argentina de 1853 y las tradiciones jurídicas que influyeron en su incorporación al texto constitucional.
PHARMACOKINETIC DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS MEDIATED BY ORGANIC CATION TRANSPORTERS: ARE ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTED?
Authors: ONYEJI Cyprian Ogbonna
Published: May 2024

A clear understanding of all the processes that influence drug disposition is important to enable a prediction of pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Xenobiotics are transported across bio-membranes and the process is mediated by various membrane transporters which include “Organic Cation Transporters” (OCTs). OCTs are specifically involved in the transport of several molecules that have positive charges in vivo and these include a wide variety of weakly basic drugs.As several antimalarial drugs are weakly basic and can be cationic in biological fluids, the contribution of OCTs to the drug disposition appears to be underestimated because most studies on the pharmacokinetic drug interaction with antimalarial drugs are focused on the interactions at the sites of drug metabolism. This review provides an update on the significance of OCTs on the pharmacokinetic disposition of antimalarial agents with a view to identifying potentials for drug interactions that could involve concurrently administered drugs which are either inhibitors or substrates of OCTs. A very significant likelihood exists for concurrent use of antimalarial drugs with other medicines because of the occurrence of comorbidities with malaria. There are limited studies on antimalarial pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies in which role of OCTs are investigated. From the literature, and using in vitro studies, the following antimalarial drugs, chloroquine, piperaquine, proguanil, and cycloguanil have been reported to be substrates of different OCTs while tafenoquine, pyrimethamine, trimethoprim, quinine, and mefloquine were shown to be inhibitors. Atovaquone and artesunate were shown not to be substrates and did not demonstrate any inhibitory potency. This information provide basis for prediction of any potential interaction between antimalarial drugs and other co-administered medicines which are inhibitors/substrates of the transporter proteins.
                    
Peer Review History:
Received 6 February 2024;   Revised 15 March 2024; Accepted 26 April; Available online 15 May 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, ari@ankara.edu.tr
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewers:
Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com
Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com
ROAD MAP AND DEVELOPMENT HALAL INDUSTRY SECTOR IN INDONESIA
Authors: Kadir Syahruddin , Siradjuddin Siradjuddin , Nur Abustan , Efendy Ahmad , Alaaraj Hassan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the halal industry roadmap and the development of the halal industry sector in Indonesia. This research uses a literature review. The literature review uses data from trusted sources to be the research method of the technique used. The result of this study is that the halal industry in Indonesia began with research on food and beverage products found to contain pork extracts in 1988, so the government acted to form the MUI Food, Drug and Cosmetics Assessment Institute (LLPOM) officially in 1989 as the first halal inspection agency in Indonesia. The findings of this study suggest that stakeholders involved in the growth of the halal industry in Indonesia should support the halal industry roadmap. The halal industry business is developing in several sectors, including manufacturing, infrastructure, services, human resources, and halal certification standards. To overcome the demands of the growing halal industry in Indonesia, the government, business companies, and academics must collaborate and synergize to achieve the goal of making Indonesia a global halal center. The halal roadmap will help build and grow the halal ecosystem more methodically and comprehensively.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Penggunaan Styrofoam sebagai Kemasan Makanan pada UMKM Sektor Makanan di Kota Jambi Tahun 2023
Authors: Setia Dinanti Putri , Siregar Sri Astuti , Putri Fitria Eka
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Kebutuhan akan makanan yang aman, bervariasi, berkualitas, serta mengandung gizi yang cukup, termasuk ke dalam kebutuhan primer yang pemenuhannya tidak dapat ditunda. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan penggunaan polistirena foam, atau yang dikenal sebagai styrofoam Kemasan styrofoam bukan termasuk food grade packaging. Selain itu styrofoam dapat menyebabkan masalah di lingkungan, Indonesia merupakan negara dengan peringkat ke 2 setelah Negara China dalam menghasilkan sampah plastik (styrofoam). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku penggunaan styrofoam sebagai kemasan makanan pada umkm sektor makanan di Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua UMKM atau penjual makanan yang memakai wadah styrofoam di Kota Jambi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 95 responden dengan teknik accidental sampling. Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan (p-value: 0,000)., sikap (p-value: 0,000)., lingkungan(p-value: 0,000), dan persepsi(p-value: 0,000) dengan perilaku penggunaan styrofoam sebagai kemasan makanan pada pelaku UMKM sektor makanan di Kota Jambi. Pengetahuan, sikap, lingkungan dan persepsi berhubungan dengan perilaku penggunaan styrofoam sebagai kemasan makanan pada pelaku UMKM sektor makanan di Kota Jambi. Diharapkan kepada Dinas Kesehatan Kota Jambi agar memberikan edukasi pelaku UMKM sektor makanan di Kota Jambi tentang bahaya pemakaian wadah makanan berbahan Styrofoam sehingga perilaku penggunaan Styrofoam berkurang, serta mengikuti penyuluhan dan edukasi yang dilakukan oleh petugas kesehatan seperti ahli kesehatan lingkungan yang berada di puskesmas terkait bahaya penggunaan Styrofoam.
Evaluasi dan Modifikasi Alat Penukar Ion dengan Penambahan Kolom Adsorpsi Karbon Aktif untuk Menurunkan Kesadahan
Authors: Endang Kusumawati  , Retno Dwi Jayanti  , Lestari Herlianti Putri  , Nurul Annisa  , Paramitha Tifa
Published: May 2024

Ion exchange is one of the water treatment methods used to reduce hardness. To improve the performance of the ion exchange columns, modification can be done by adding an activated carbon column placed after the ion exchange column to adsorb ions that were not exchanged by the resin so that the treated water met boiler feed water quality standards. The purposes of this study were to determine the best flow rate to reduce hardness in the configuration of the ion exchange and activated carbon columns, determine the saturation time of each column, and determine their exchange/adsorption capacities. The steps of this study included modifications and repair of equipment, leak tests, and configuration system performance tests. Performance tests were conducted by varying the feed flow rates by 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1 GPM and analyzed the efficiency of hardness reduction. The results of this study showed that the best flow rate to reduce the initial hardness of 499 mg/ L CaCO3 was a flow rate of 0.6 GPM or 2.2 LPM. The efficiency of hardness reduction in the configuration system was 100%. The conductivity of the effluent of anion column and activated carbon column decreased compared to the conductivity of the effluent of cation column with an average decrease of 33.17% in the anion column and 18.35% in the activated carbon column. The saturation time of the configuration system was 168 minutes in cation resin, 46.4 minutes in anion resin, and 159 minutes in activated carbon. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of cation resin, anion resin, and activated carbon were 35.28 mg/g, 43.98 mg/g, and 9.61 mg/g, respectively. The addition of activated carbon in the configuration system lowers the conductivity of the effluent and decreases hardness.
The market opportunities and disadvantages on sustainable entrepreneurship: An exploratory research on several small and medium enterprises
Authors: Taha Tuqa Abdalnafie , Alfaiza Salsabila Aisyah , Ahmed Mohammed Ghanim , Riyadh Hosam Alden
Published: May 2024

The development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is necessary a growing trend around the world and in every single nation to contribute to create more opportunities, particularly in the era of sustainability. The objective of this study is to provide a framework on the subject of “the direct impact of the opportunities and disadvantages market on sustainable entrepreneurship”. The theoretical framework and the descriptive plan were constructed following the study variables. To achieve the objective of this study quantitative research method was applied to investigate the impact of market opportunities and disadvantages of sustainable entrepreneurship. This study was applied and tested in the private sector for several SMEs using a questionnaire as a method for collecting the data and the sample size was 217 managers working in SMEs. The pathological analysis was used using the AMOS v.20 software. The results showed there is a direct positive impact on the imperfections and opportunities of the market for sustainable entrepreneurship. This study suggests the actual orientation towards reducing market defects and increasing the opportunities in front of SMEs by developing the necessary regulations and instructions to reduce market defects, and thus converting these defects into important opportunities that help increase sustainable entrepreneurship.
Strategic analysis of green finance crime to strengthen green economy in emerging markets
Authors: Sihabudin Sihabudin , Qurbani Indah Dwi , Rahma Nabila Aulia
Published: May 2024

Green finance crime is money laundering stemming from illegal environmental destruction activities. Indonesia is experiencing this problem, where the number of forest clearing, plantations, and mining is increasing, but the results are not enjoyed by the surrounding community, and only enjoyed by a few people and corporations through illegal mechanisms. Ordinary legal mechanisms have not been able to prevent and crack down on green finance crimes in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze green finance crimes in order to optimize green economy transformation in Indonesia. This study used the juridical-normative method. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk mitigation measures for green financial crime in Indonesia. The result of this study is that the problem faced by Indonesia is that it does not understand environmental crime as a criminal act originating from money laundering so the instruments used to overcome this crime are still conventional. Coupled with the ever-evolving, various modes of washing are complex and involve different legal systems in different countries. This makes green finance crime difficult to eradicate with ordinary legal instruments. Thus, the authors propose mitigating legal risks through joint investigations covering multiple devices, multiple institutions, multiple laws and regulations, and multiple sanctions to overcome this.
Hainan four-eyed turtles actively select suitable stones to masquerade according to their own morphology
Authors: yu hongmin , Deng Xinyi , Xiao Fanrong
Published: May 2024

Masquerade is a form of camouflage in which animals use their body size,
shape, and coloration to resemble inanimate objects in their environment
to deceive predators. However, there is a lack of experimental evidence
to show that animals actively choose objects that match these body
parameters. To explore how the Hainan four-eyed turtle, Sacalia
insulensis, masquerades using suitable stones, we used indoor video
surveillance technology to study the preferences of juvenile S.
insulensis for stones of different sizes, shapes, and colors. The
results indicated that under normal conditions, the turtles preferred
larger oval or round brown stones. When disturbed (swinging the arm of a
researcher back and forth above the experimental setup every hour to
mimic a predator), the turtles showed a preference for brown stones that
were closer to their size and oval in shape. These findings suggest that
juvenile S. insulensis prefer stones that resemble their carapace size,
shape, and color to masquerade when undisturbed, and that this
preference is reinforced when they masquerade to reduce the risk of
predation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to
provide evidence that vertebrates can recognize object shapes and
selectively choose objects that resemble their own shape for
masquerading to reduce predation risk.