bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Sector No Lucrativo español ante las nuevas herramientas de fundraising: el crowdfunding social, antesala de la sociedad mecenas?
Authors: Sajardo Moreno Antonia , Pérez Sempere Salvador
Published: July 2017

El Sector No Lucrativo en España se ha venido desarrollando tradicionalmente al abrigo del apoyo público, tanto para el desarrollo de sus actividades, como respecto de su propio mantenimiento interno. Durante la profunda crisis económica, vivida desde 2007, el retroceso que éste ha sufrido en  el volumen de aportaciones, procedentes tanto de las arcas públicas, como de las donaciones privadas, así como la mayor reticencia financiadora por parte de la banca tradicional, lo han situado, de facto, en un escenario de profunda debilidad financiera. Consecuentemente,  su rol como fuerza económica y social se ha visto sustancialmente reducido. Todos estos factores, le han avocado a la búsqueda de un nuevo marco de financiación, un marco diferente que surge en el mismo seno del nuevo paradigma digital en el que la ciudadanía del siglo xxi se halla inmersa, y del cual emergen nuevos y originales espacios para el desarrollo de la filantropía. El mayor exponente en estos espacios lo constituye el crowdfunding, que propicia el surgimiento de colectivos de ciudadanos financiadores en torno a en torno a valores y objetivos concretos y afines. En este contexto se asiste al nacimiento de un nuevo concepto que define certeramente este novedoso modelo filantrópico: la sociedad mecenas. El objeto de este trabajo es analizar las potencialidades del crowdfunding que justifican su opción por el Sector No Lucrativo, como alternativa de fundraising en la financiación de su proyectos sociales.
Some Aspects of Neonatal Convulsions
Authors: Hendarto S. K. , Ismael Sofjan , Lumbantobing S. M. , Lazuardi S.
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this paper is to review and evaluaute the clinical dataon incidence, sex, body-weight, morbidity and mortality and the possible etiology of convulsions occurring in the neonatal period (i.e. the first 30 days of life) and to study the outcome in follow up examination at the age of more than 6 months. The age of 6 months is taken as a limit because previous experiences and those of other authors (Billing, 1964) have shown that only after the age of 6 months neurological and mental disorders remain evident and permanent.
New Aspects of Malnutrition in Jakarta
Authors: Tumbelaka W. A.F.J.
Published: July 2017

The title of this paper is rather pretentious, since many of these socalled new aspects have been studied in other countries before in a more intensive way. However, in Indonesia they have received the attention of the medical world only in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to report on the present state of nutritional surveys and research. As a matter of fact it is not feasible to discuss all new aspects of malnutrition in this paper.
A Case of Cushing's Syndrome in a Child, due to Adrenocortical Adenoma
Authors: Bliek J. S.
Published: July 2017

Cushing's syndrome, though un-common in infants and children,should be considered in the evaluationof children with obesity. The clinicalfeatures of this disorder are familiarto most physicians, not least of allthe identical pattern as the results ofprolonged therapeutic administrationof cortisone.
Rehydration in the Field
Authors: Rohde Jon E.
Published: July 2017

The clinical efficacy of oral-glucose electrolyte (GE) solutions in the treatment of profound fluid losses in cholera is dramatic testimony to the persistent ability of the intestine to absorb glucose, salt and water in the face of severe diarrhea. Many thousands of patients have been successfully saved from almost certain death by drinking sufficient quantities of rehydration fluid.
Gastrointestinal Disease in Malnourished Children
Authors: Gracey Michael
Published: July 2017

In communities where malnutrition is common, gastrointestinal diseases are prominent and contribute largely to unfavourable morbidity and mortality statistics. Patterns of gastrointestinal disease were studied in two such cotnmunities; Aboriginal children in Western Australia and children admitted to the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta.Two hundred and fifty one (251) young Aborigines were studied. Forty percent of them malnourished, 37% were anaemic and more than 50% had enteric pathogens in their stools. Sugar intolerance was also common (25%). Similar clinical features are seen in the children from Jakarta but more severe forms of malnutrition and gross vitamin deficiency occurred more often.Thirteen of the Aboriginal children died; at necropsy the most remarkable finding wass fatty infiltration of the liver which some cases was extreme. This, of course, is characteristic of protein-calorie malnutrition add has been well documented in other studies. Other pathological findings included severe purulent infections, septic infarcts, haemolysis, acanthocytosis, thrombocytopenia and vascular catastrophes.
Treatment of Newborns and Infants in Japan suffering from Pneumonia with New Antibiotics
Authors: Nakazawa Susumu
Published: July 2017

Despite the recent development of a high state of chemotherapy in Japan, there has not necessarily been an improvement in the prognosis of pneumonia in infants and newborns. Upon bacteriological examination, relevant causative organisms such as pathogenic staphylococci, pneumococci, streptococci, and gram-negative bacteria have been detected as causing mixed infection. Suitable chemotherapeutic agents which diffuse well to the lung and show high bactericidal action against such organisms must be selected to combat the infection. A combination of two synthetic penicillins, ampicillin, effective against gram-negative as well as gram-positive bacteria and cloxacillin effective against resistant staphylococci, was used for the treatment of many cases of pneumonia in infants and newborns and satisfactory results were obtained. The results of this study and an appraisal of penicillin combination therapy will be discussed.
Left Atrial Rhythm in Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Djalil Thaher , Rachman Otte J. , Purnomo Hadi , Madiyono Bambang
Published: July 2017

Report of two cases, one with DORV, and one with mirror image dextrocardia associated with TF.
Bilateral Hydronephrosis with Recurrent Infections
Authors: Wirya I.G.N. Wila , Hariarti Hariarti
Published: July 2017

A case of bilateral hydronephrosis due to a congenital hereditary anomaly was reported. The operation was performed to remove the right kidney and ureter. Correction of the obstruction in the left ureter resulted in the better functioning of the left kidney, although we cannot be sure in the long run.
Enhancement and Restoration of Microscopic Images Corrupted with Poisson's Noise Using a Nonlinear Partial Differential Equation-based Filter
Authors: Srivastava Rajeev , Gupta JRP , Parthasarathy Harish
Published: July 2017

An inherent characteristic of the many imaging modalities such as fluorescence microscopy and other microscopic modalities is the presence of intrinsic Poisson noise that may lead to degradation of the captured image during its formation. A nonlinear complex diffusion-based filter adapted to Poisson noise is proposed in this paper to restore and enhance the degraded microscopic images captured by imaging devices having photon limited light detectors. The proposed filter is based on a maximum a posterior approach to the image reconstruction problem. The formulation of the filtering problem as maximisation of a posterior is useful because it allows one to incorporate the Poisson likelihood term as a data attachment which can be added to an image prior model. Here, the Gibb's image prior model-based on energy functional defined in terms of gradient norm of the image is used. The performance of the proposed scheme has been compared with other standard techniques available in literature such as Wiener filter, regularised filter, Lucy-Richardson filter and another proposed nonlinear anisotropic diffusion-based filter in terms of mean square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, correlation parameter and mean structure similarity index map.The results shows that the proposed complex diffusion-based filter adapted to Poisson noise performs better in comparison to other filters and is better choice for reduction of intrinsic Poisson noise from the digital microscopic images and it is also well capable of preserving edges and radiometric information such as luminance and contrast of the restored image.

Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(5), pp.452-461, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.1181
High Dynamic Range Color Image Enhancement Using Fuzzy Logic and Bacterial Foraging
Authors: Verma Om Prakash , Madasu V. K. , Shantaram V.
Published: July 2017

High dynamic range images contain both the underexposed and the overexposed regions. The enhancement of the underexposed and the overexposed regions is the main concern of this paper. Two new transformation functions are proposed to modify the fuzzy membership values of under and the overexposed regions of an image respectively.For the overexposed regions, a rectangular hyperbolic function is used while for the underexposed regions, an S-function is applied. The shape and range of these functions can be controlled by the parameters involved, which are optimized using the bacterial foraging optimization algorithm so as to obtain the enhanced image. The hue, saturation, and intensity (HSV) color space is employed for the purpose of enhancement, where the hue component is preserved to keep the original color composition intact. This approach is applicable to a degraded image of mixed type. On comparison, the proposed transforms yield better results than the existing transformation functions17 for both the underexposed and the overexposed regions.

Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(5), pp.462-472, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.1184
Effect of Fe on the Martensitic Transition, Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties in Ni-Mn-In Melt-spun Ribbons
Authors: Raj kumar D.M. , Rama Rao N.V. , Muthu S. Esakki , Arumugam S. , Raja M. Manivel , Suresh K.G.
Published: July 2017

The effect of Fe on the martensitic transitions, magnetic and inverse magnetocaloric effect in Ni47Mn40-xFexIn13 ribbons (x = 1, 2, 3 and 5) has been investigated. All the ribbon compositions under study have shown the presence of austenite phase at room temperature. The variation of martensitic transition with the increase in Fe-content is non-monotonic. The thermal hysteresis of the martensitic transition increased with the increase in Fe-content. The martensitic transitions shifted to lower temperatures in the presence of high magnetic fields. A maximum magnetic entropy change (∆SM) of 50 Jkg-1K-1 has been achieved in the Ni47Mn38Fe2In13 (x = 1) ribbon at 282 K for an applied field of 5 T.
Emerging areas of Nano and Smart Materials
Authors: Ghosal Partha
Published: July 2017

‘There’s plenty of room at the bottom’ – In 1959, one of the most brilliant physicists the world has ever seen, Richard P. Feynmann, gave us a beautiful introduction to nano-science. Today, after almost seven decades, nano-materials and related technologies are not just a simple extension of regular research and miniaturisation of materials, but have become the prime driver of advancement in science and technology all over the world. Over the past few decades, new societal requirement haveemerged atthe national and international level.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis predicts outcome in intrathyroidal papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Marotta Vincenzo , Sciammarella Concetta , Chiofalo Maria Grazia , Gambardella Claudio , Bellevicine Claudio , Grasso Marica , Conzo Giovanni , Docimo Giovanni , Botti Gerardo , Losito Simona , Troncone Giancarlo , De Palma Maurizio , Giacomelli Laura , Pezzullo Luciano , Colao Annamaria , Faggiano Antongiulio
Published: July 2017

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) seems to have favourable prognostic impact on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), but data were obtained analysing all disease stages. Given that HT-related microenvironment involves solely the thyroid, we aimed to assess the relationship between HT, as detected through pathological assessment, and outcome in intrathyroidal PTC. This was a multicentre, retrospective, observational study including 301 PTC with no evidence of extrathyroidal disease. Primary study endpoint was the rate of clinical remission. Auxiliary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). HT was detected in 42.5% of the cohort and was associated to female gender, smaller tumour size, lower rate of aggressive PTC variants and less frequent post-surgery radio-iodine administration. HT showed relationship with significantly higher rate of clinical remission (P < 0.001, OR 4, 95% CI 1.78–8.94). PTCs with concomitant HT had significantly longer RFS, as compared with non-HT tumours (P = 0.004). After adjustment for other parameters affecting disease outcome at univariate analysis (age at diagnosis, histology, tumour size and multifocality), prognostic effect of HT remained significant (P = 0.006, OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.39–7.72). To verify whether HT could optimise the identification of PTCs with unfavourable outcome, we assessed the accuracy of ‘non-HT status’ as negative prognostic marker, demonstrating poor capability of identifying patients not maintaining clinical remission until final follow-up (probability of no clinical remission in PTCs without HT: 21.05%, 95% CI 15.20–27.93). In conclusion, our data show that HT represents an independent prognostic parameter in intrathyroidal PTC, but cannot improve prognostic specificity.
Role of chromosomal instability in cancer progression
Authors: McClelland Sarah E
Published: July 2017

Cancer cells often displaychromosomal instability(CIN), a defect that involves loss or rearrangement of the cell’s genetic material – chromosomes – during cell division. This process results in the generation of aneuploidy, a deviation from the haploid number of chromosomes, and structural alterations of chromosomes in over 90% of solid tumours and many haematological cancers. This trait is unique to cancer cells as normal cells in the body generally strictly maintain the correct number and structure of chromosomes. This key difference between cancer and normal cells has led to two important hypotheses: (i) cancer cells have had to overcome inherent barriers to changes in chromosomes that are not tolerated in non-cancer cells and (ii) CIN represents a cancer-specific target to allow the specific elimination of cancer cells from the body. To exploit these hypotheses and design novel approaches to treat cancer, a full understanding of the mechanisms driving CIN and how CIN contributes to cancer progression is required. Here, we will discuss the possible mechanisms driving chromosomal instability, how CIN may contribute to the progression at multiple stages of tumour evolution and possible future therapeutic directions based on targeting cancer chromosomal instability.
A comprehensive review on MEN2B
Authors: Castinetti Frederic , Moley Jeffrey , Mulligan Lois , Waguespack Steven G
Published: July 2017

MEN2B is a very rare autosomal dominant hereditary tumor syndrome associated with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in 100% cases, pheochromocytoma in 50% cases and multiple extra-endocrine features, many of which can be quite disabling. Only few data are available in the literature. The aim of this review is to try to give further insights into the natural history of the disease and to point out the missing evidence that would help clinicians optimize the management of such patients. MEN2B is mainly characterized by the early occurrence of MTC, which led the American Thyroid Association to recommend preventive thyroidectomy before the age of 1 year. However, as the majority of mutations are de novo, improved knowledge of the nonendocrine signs would help to lower the age of diagnosis and improve long-term outcomes. Future large-scale studies will be aimed at characterizing more in detail the main characteristics and outcomes of MEN2B.
Habitat Predicts Levels of Genetic Admixture inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Tilakaratna Viranga , Bensasson Douda
Published: July 2017

Genetic admixture can provide material for populations to adapt to local environments, and this process has played a crucial role in the domestication of plants and animals. The model yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been domesticated multiple times for the production of wine, sake, beer, and bread, but the high rate of admixture between yeast lineages has so far been treated as a complication for population genomic analysis. Here, we make use of the low recombination rate at centromeres to investigate admixture in yeast using a classic Bayesian approach and a locus-by-locus phylogenetic approach. Using both approaches, we find that S. cerevisiae from stable oak woodland habitats are less likely to show recent genetic admixture compared with those isolated from transient habitats such as fruits, wine, or human infections. When woodland yeast strains do show recent genetic admixture, the degree of admixture is lower than in strains from other habitats. Furthermore, S. cerevisiae populations from oak woodlands are genetically isolated from each other, with only occasional migration between woodlands and local fruit habitats. Application of the phylogenetic approach suggests that there is a previously undetected population in North Africa that is the closest outgroup to the European S. cerevisiae, including the domesticated Wine population. Careful testing for admixture in S. cerevisiae leads to a better understanding of the underlying population structure of the species and will be important for understanding the selective processes underlying domestication in this economically important species.
Guidelines for the development of a dental emergencies educational workshop
Authors: Sawan Nozha
Published: July 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. To draft any education workshop, several guidelines should be followed: 1.) describing the context; 2.) conducting a need assessment; 3.) developing the design and the delivery strategy; and 4.) evaluating learners and workshop. This paper presents the first general guidelines for drafting such an educational workshop that would target emergency medicine residents and physicians who are expected to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to properly manage various emergency situations of which dental emergencies is one of them.
METHAPHYSICS OF DEATH PENALTY
Authors: Gromov V. E.
Published: July 2017

Purpose. The paper studies the problem of death penalty justifiableness in terms of democratic society from the metaphysical viewpoint. Philosophical argumentation to justify death penalty is proposed as opposed to the common idea of inhuman and uncivilized nature of court practice of sentencing to death. The essence of the study is not to rehabilitate law-based murder but to explain dialectic relation of the degrees of moral responsibility of criminals and society nourishing evildoers. The author believes that refusal from death penalty under the pretence of rule of humanism is just a liberal façade, plausible excuse for defective moral state of the society which, rejecting its own guiltiness share as for current disregards of the law, does not grow but downgrades proper human dignity. Methodology. The author applies an approach of dialectic reflection being guided by the perception of unity, relativeness and complementarity of evil and good striving to determine efficient way of resolving their contradictions in the context of moral progress of the society. Originality. Proposing philosophic approach to a death penalty problem instead of legal one, the author is not going to discuss the role of horrification, control or cruelty of the measure of restraint; moreover, he does not consider the issue of its efficiency or inefficiency. The author also does not concern vexation of mind of a criminal sentenced to life imprisonment for “humanitarian” reasons. The purpose of the author is to demonstrate that aim of the punishment is to achieve justice which becomes spiritual challenge and moral recompense not only for the criminal but for the whole society. Conclusions. Crime is first of all a problem of a society; thus, criminal behaviour of certain individuals should only be considered through a prism of moral state of the whole community. Attitude to a death penalty is the problem of spirituality and its dramatic sophistication. The author thinks that moral standards exclude any sentimental interpretation of humanism and mercy. Humanism is the imperative requiring both personal and social responsibility for the things humiliated in a victim and human dignity downtrodden in a criminal. Law-breaker cannot be liquidated without judicial safeguards as a dangerous animal. Severe punishment of the society adequately compensates a murderer his/her human dignity. As the society is guilty partially in the existing criminality, it accepts the fact of cruel punishment applied to redress an injustice.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL PROJECT AS A BASIS OF CARTESIAN ETHICS
Authors: Malivskyi A. M.
Published: July 2017

The purpose of the article is to determine and understand the conditions of the anthropological project development by Descartes. It implies the necessity to conceive its entrenched forms in scientific revolution, which leads to a) a human as an embodiment of some abstract mind, b) its transcendence, as well as the possibility to penetrate into a human nature in the course of ethics development. Originality. According to the author, the anthropological interpretation of Descartes is not profound, since a human is taken as embodiment of abstract mind, and ethics is a set of some simple rules. The impact of scientific revolution, which was not well perceived, leads to the domination of a restricted understanding of a human in research literature. The author insists on taking into account the fact that Descartes was beyond epistemology due to the topical issue concerning a proper mode of life. Conclusions. The incomprehensive interpretation of the attitude of Descartes to scientific revolution causes restricted understanding a human nature as abstract mind embodiment and ethics as a set of simple rules. Thorough analysis of the thinker's texts proves his profound interpretation of scientific revolution impact and integrated vision of a human nature, as well as significant development of ethical issues.
Effect of carboxylate content in comb-like AA–IPEG copolymer as a dispersant for cement-based systems
Authors: Li Ming , Zheng Dan-Dan , Zhu Yan
Published: July 2017

AA–IPEG comb-like copolymer is a kind of polycarboxylate-based dispersant for cement-based systems. Copolymers with different carboxylate contents were synthesised using isoprenyl oxy polyethylene glycol ether (IPEG) and acrylic acid (AA) as raw materials, further modified with maleic anhydride. The copolymers were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and surface tension measurements. The dispersion of cement paste mixed with copolymer was studied by means of the zeta potential, adsorption behaviour, cement paste fluidity, setting time and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the copolymer with a higher carboxylate content exhibited lower adsorption on the surface of cement particles and more negative zeta potential, and resulted in longer retention dispersion and setting time at the same dosage; however, excessive carboxylate content decreased the dispersing force of cement particles. Therefore, for more efficient dispersants for cement-based systems, there is a proper proportion between carboxylate content and poly(ethylene oxide) chains as the side groups on backbone chains.
El enfriamiento como alternativa para una buena conservación de la leche a nivel de las fincas
Authors: Garnica Patricio
Published: July 2017

En nuestro país a nivel de hatos lecheros (fincas) existe la falta de conocimiento
de una técnica de manejo y conservación del recurso lácteo lo cual lleva a una  disminución de su calidad, por la contaminación, debido al tiempo que transcurre desde el momento del ordeño hasta su comercialización, ya sea directamente al consumidor o a las plantas procesadoras, que en la gran mayoría de los casos se mantiene a la temperatura ambiente en un periodo aproximado de doce a dieciséis horas, lapso en el cual se realiza la división celular y la acción microbiana, produciendo su acidificación.
Es imprescindible un cambio de modelo para la agricultura
Authors: Reibán León Miriam
Published: July 2017

De acuerdo con lo que afirma Héctor Gravina "la soberanía alimentaria debe ser el centro de la política agroalimentaría internacional y no las normas de la Organización Mundial del comercio (OMC) y los intereses de las grandes transnacionales de agroquímicos y alimentos", es necesario propender a una agricultura sostenible, "que no signifique un modelo agrícola ineficaz en lo económico, depredador en lo ambiental y excluyente en lo socia como lo han impuesto los modelos tecnológicos basados en la revolución verde y en las nuevas biotecnologías.
Biodiversidad y medio ambiente
Authors: Rodas Hernán
Published: July 2017

Los bosque nativos de la región oriental de la Provincia del Azuay cubren aproximadamente 19.700 has. , o sea el 10.0 % del total del área de los cantones "Paute, Guachapala, El Pan, Sevilla de Oro, Gualaceo, Chordeleg Sigsig" que suman una superficie total neta de 1911.740 has. Se localizan en el corredor oriental (sur-norte) desde la parroquia Gima (Cerro Moriré) hasta la población de Guarumales identificados por la diversidad de la flora y de la fauna.
Suplementos y aditivos en avicultura
Authors: Espinoza Ing.Agrop. Leónidas
Published: July 2017

Suplementos alimenticios.- Uno de los adelantos significativos en lo que respecta a la alimentación de los pollos broiler, ha sido el desarrollo de suplementos que contienen enzimas formuladas para mejorar la asimilación de casi cualquier ingrediente de los piensos avícolas.
Análise fatorial confirmatória da versão portuguesa da escala Preschool Play Behaviour Scale para educadoras
Authors: Monteiro Lí­gia , Fernandes Marí­lia , Sousa Tânia , Torres Nuno , Rosado António , J. Santos António
Published: July 2017

A Preschool Play Behavior Scale é um instrumento constituído por 18 itens que expressam diferentes tipos de comportamentos das crianças, em contexto de brincadeira livre com os pares, procurando diferenciar, em particular, tipos de comportamentos não-sociais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo traduzir e analisar a estrutura fatorial do instrumento e as suas características psicométricas. Sessenta educadoras descreveram os comportamentos de 369 crianças (166 raparigas), com idades compreendidas entre os 36 e os 60 meses, e a frequentar escolas de Ensino Particular com fins lucrativos e Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social, do Distrito de Lisboa/Portugal. O modelo final de 4 fatores - Comportamento Reticente, Solitário-Passivo, Solitário-Ativo e Brincadeira Social parece ajustar-se adequadamente aos grupos de idade e sexo considerados.
Normas de categorias ad hoc para língua portuguesa
Authors: Cassol Soro Jerónimo , Boto Ferreira Mário Augusto
Published: July 2017

A investigação sobre organizações de representações mentais tem vindo a revelar desenvolvimentos teóricos muito relevantes ao focar-se na flexibilidade destas estruturas e na sua dependência do contexto. Categorias ad hoc são particularmente úteis para esta investigação por possuírem estruturas hierárquicas semelhantes a categorias taxonómicas, mas sendo simultaneamente, e por definição, altamente dependentes do contexto e de objetivos. O presente estudo fornece medidas normativas Portuguesas para 63 listas de exemplares de diferentes categorias. Dois tipos de categorias ad hoc são apresentados: 35 inter-categóricas (compostas por exemplares provenientes de diferentes categorias taxonómicas) e 28 intra-categóricas (compostas por exemplares de uma mesma categoria taxonómica). São ainda incluídas normas relativamente a 10 categorias taxonómicas de onde as categorias ad hoc intra-categóricas foram derivadas. As listas de exemplares categóricos são apresentadas com medidas de frequência de produção, frequência de primeira produção, e posição média da ordem de produção.
Ficha técnica e Editorial
Authors: APP Associação Portuguesa de Psicologia
Published: July 2017

Ficha técnica e Editorial
Framework for an Evidence-Based Physical Activity Intervention: Promoting Healthy Communities
Authors: Bruno Laura E.
Published: July 2017

Purpose: Identifying best practices in successful community based intervention programs is critical to improving the health concerns that currently afflict our nation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a community-based physical activity (PA) intervention program in order to share an evidence-based framework that can be used in community settings, including academic communities. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness of a community based PA intervention program, specifically noting changes in perceived levels of (a) self-esteem, (b) body size satisfaction, (c) frequency of physical activity and (d) commitment levels the longer a participant engaged in the program.Method:  The cross-sectional, quantitative self-report survey design utilized a 29-item web-based questionnaire. A sample of participants (N = 383 (Mage = 43 years; SD = 7 years; 100% women) from the Mullica Hill Women’s Triathlon Club self-selected to participate. Results: Independent sample t-tests ascertained that the longer a participant engaged in the program, the more her perceived self-esteem improved and the more committed she became to PA. Chi square goodness of fit analyses further demonstrated that a woman’s age impacted her level of satisfaction with her body. Conclusions: Opportunities to participate in a community based intervention program should be extended throughout all communities in an effort to improve holistic well-being. Further, type and duration as well as point of data collection of such programs should be differentiated in future research.
An observational study of feto-maternal outcome in cases of abruptio placentae
Authors: Alka . , Dudhrejia Kavita
Published: July 2017

Background: Abruptio placentae defined as the preterm partial or complete separation of normally situated placenta from the uterine wall, complicating 1 in every 200 pregnancies (0.5-1%) in western nations, with rates as high as 4% in developing nations.Methods: This was a descriptive observational hospital-based study design with a follow-up component conducted over a period of 16 months, from January 2015 to April 2016 in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at RZH, PDU Medical College and hospital, Rajkot comprising of 83 cases.Results: A total of 83 cases of abruption placentae were present out of 9102 deliveries at RZH, PDU Medical College, Rajkot between January 2015 to April 2016. The incidence of abruption placentae in our study is 0.9%. Overall global incidence of abruptio placentae ranges between 0.5 to 2 % with more in developing countries as compared to the developed nations. (1a,6a,17a). Fetal adverse outcomes of abruptio placentae observed during study period were perinatal mortality 75.9%, prematurity 71%, low birth weight 69.8% and asphyxia 3.6%. Out of 83 cases, 59 deaths occurred in utero while 4 died in the first week of life.Conclusions: Abruptio placentae is one of the gravest hemorrhagic complications of pregnancy. Incidence in alarmingly high in resource poor set ups of developing countries like ours.The predictors of maternal adverse outcomes were found to be malnutrition, anemia, , PPH, DIC and maternal shock. Predictors for perinatal death were low birth weight, birth asphyxia, low APGAR score, retroplacental clot volume more than 500 ML.
Implicações da época de colheita sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja
Authors: Mathias Vanderléia , Pereira Tamara , Mantovani Analu , Zílio Marcio , Miotto Paola , Medeiros Coelho Cileide Maria
Published: July 2017

A antecipação e o atraso da colheita de sementes de soja têm sido objeto de estudo tanto nas áreas de tecnologia de sementes quanto de melhoramento de plantas; em programas de tecnologia de sementes, a antecipação da colheita possibilita a obtenção de sementes com maior qualidade fisiológica. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito da época de colheita sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja. Dois ensaios foram conduzidos, um na safra 2013/14 e outro na 2014/15, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos, em cada ensaio, foram: 1) colheita normal (CN) - sementes colhidas com 14% de umidade, sem aplicação de dessecante; 2) colheita com dessecação (CD) - sementes oriundas da dessecação pré-colheita com paraquat + diuron, colhidas com 14% de umidade; 3) colheita antecipada (CA) - sementes colhidas com 17% de umidade; 4) colheita atrasada (CAT) - sementes colhidas 10 dias após a colheita normal. A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi avaliada pelo percentual de germinação e vigor (teste de frio, envelhecimento acelerado, teste de tetrazólio, condutividade elétrica e comprimento de plântulas). O atraso de colheita em 10 dias reduziu o percentual de germinação e vigor nas duas safras. A colheita com 17% de umidade proporcionou maior vigor pelos testes de frio (97 e 97%) e envelhecimento acelerado (97 e 93%) nas safras 2013/14 e 2014/15, respectivamente. Dessa forma, a colheita das sementes com 17% de umidade proporcionou maior qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja, cultivar ND 6211 RR, nas duas safras agrícolas.
Preferência alimentar e de oviposição do ácaro-verde (Acari: Tetranychidae) em diferentes genótipos de mandioca em Roraima
Authors: Strucker Anderson , Da Silva Bandeira Hugo Falkyner , Silva Lima Antonio Cesar , Arcanjo Alves José Maria , Trassato Luciana Baú
Published: July 2017

A cultura da mandioca no Brasil apresenta reduções significativas na produtividade quando sofre ataque do ácaro fitófago Mononychellus tanajoa. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a preferência para alimentação e oviposição do ácaro verde, M. tanajoa, em 30 genótipos de mandioca, e relacionar a densidade média de tricomas presente na superfície abaxial da folha de mandioca com a população de M. tanajoa. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas sub-divididas no tempo, com 4 repetições. Os 30 genótipos de mandioca foram alocados nas parcelas, e as quatro épocas de avaliação nas sub-parcelas. As avaliações do número de ácaros e ovos presentes na terceira, quarta e quinta folha completamente desenvolvida da mandioca foram realizadas em avaliações bimestrais. Também foi observada a presença e a densidade de tricomas. Sendo os dados de densidade correlacionados com o número de ácaros e de ovos por cm² através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. As cultivares Amazonas, Recife, Pão e Cigana-preta foram menos preferidas para oviposição de M. tanajoa, sendo as cultivares Cigana-preta, Recife e Pão também menos preferidas para alimentação do ácaro. Entre os acessos provenientes da cv. Aciolina, o AC-100 foi o menos preferido para oviposição e alimentação de M. tanajoa. Os acessos provenientes da cv. Gabriela, G-92 e G-83 foram menos preferidos para oviposição e alimentação de M. tanajoa. A densidade média de tricomas apresentou correlação negativa com a população de M. tanajoa.
Propriedades físico-mecânicas de painéis multicamadas produzidos com partículas de coco babaçu e de Pinus sp.
Authors: Farias Machado Nítalo André , Freitas de Andrade Hosana Aguiar , Furtado Mariléia Barros , Parra-Serrano Luisa Julieth , De Oliveira Maia Parente Michelle , Salustriano da Silva-Matos Raíssa Rachel
Published: July 2017

O resíduo proveniente do processo de extração da amêndoa do coco da palmeira de babaçu pode ser uma matéria-prima alternativa para o setor de painéis aglomerados no Brasil. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho investigar as propriedades físico-mecânicas de painéis particulados de multicamadas produzidos a partir de biomassa de epicarpo (EP) e endocarpo (EN) do coco babaçu (Orbygnia phalerata Mart), residuais do processo de extração do óleo das amêndoas de babaçu, associados ou não às partículas de maravalha de Pinus sp. (MP). Os fatores experimentais investigados consistiram nas proporções em massa de partículas secas de epicarpo, endocarpo e Pinus sp.: EP100 (100% EP); EP50P50 (50% EP associado à 50% MP); END100 (100% EN) e END50P50 (50% EN associado à 50% MP) aglutinados com resina poliuretana bicomponente à base de óleo de mamona com um teor de 12% na camada interna e 15% nas camadas externas, em função do peso seco das partículas. A pesquisa foi conduzida em delineamento inteiramente casualisado, com quatro tratamentos e vinte repetições. A caracterização das propriedades físicas (densidade aparente, inchamento em espessura e absorção de água) e mecânicas (adesão interna, módulo de elasticidade e módulo de ruptura na flexão estática) foi realizada com base nas prescrições estabelecidas pela Norma Técnica NBR 14810. Os painéis produzidos com epicarpo de babaçu apresentaram resultados de propriedades físico-mecânicas superiores aos produzidos com endocarpo de babaçu, e que a inclusão de partículas da Pinus sp. acarretou em uma redução substancial da absorção de água e aumento nas propriedades mecânicas.
Blancos perfectos: obsesión y delirio de la Costa Rica del siglo XIX
Perfect Whites: Obsession and Delirium of Costa Rica in 19th century
Authors: Rodríguez Chaves Alonso
Published: July 2017

RESUMEN El trabajo académico se empeña en desenmarañar uno de los capítulos más velados por la historiografía costarricense. En primera parte se exponen antecedentes generales, en los que se sostiene la idea que en la mayoría de los imaginarios colectivos ha prevalecido, la creencia dicotómica de la existencia de seres humanos superiores e inferiores. En ese nivel, se revelan teorías racistas que han justificado y sustentado la supuesta superioridad de algunos colectivos y el consecuente derecho de subyugar a otros en su calidad de inferiores. En segunda parte del texto se profundiza en el discurso oficial liberal costarricense vigente en el ocaso del siglo XIX; influenciado por teorías racistas de la época que exaltaban y defienden la supremacía genética de la población blanca, en detrimento de la diversidad étnica originaria. Dentro de esta lógica, el escrito presenta varias acciones y manifestaciones racistas emprendidas por los sectores hegemónicos, con los que se trató insistentemente de blanquear la población costarricense. En otras palabras, el artículo se refiere en su parte más importante, al mito de la blancura y a la fijación del proyecto liberal por conseguir la homogeneidad racial de la población.   PALABRAS CLAVES: imaginario colectivo, grupos hegemónicos, racismo, siglo diecinueve, Costa Rica   ABSTRACT This text seeks to throw light on one of the most obscure chapters of Costa Rican historiography. It first sets out a general background which holds that the majority of collective imaginations have accepted a difference between superior and inferior types of human beings. Racist theories which have justified and sustained the supposed superiority of various groups and their supposed right to subjugate others are examined. Then the official Costa Rican liberal discourse prevalent at the end of the nineteenth century is looked at; a discourse influenced by various racist theories which exalted and defended the supposed genetic superiority of the white population by comparison to the ethnic diversity of the original population of the country. In this context the paper then examines various racist activities carried out by the dominant sectors of society to “whiten” the population of Costa Rica. In other words the bulk of the article deals with the myth of whiteness and the attempts of the liberal project to achieve a racially homogenous population.   KEY WORDS: collective imagination, hegemonic groups, racism, ninetieth century, Costa Rica
Élites et ordres militaires au Moyen Âge. Rencontre autour d’Alain Demurger
Authors: Torres Jiménez Raquel
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Escritos sobre la igualdad y en defensa de las mujeres
Authors: Pérez Galán Cristina
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
BALANCE HISTORIOGRÁFICO. Armadas y flotas en la España de los Austrias. Una relectura crítica
Authors: Sanz Camañes Porfirio
Published: July 2017

Balance sobre la bibliografía actual en torno a la Historia militar de la España de los Austrias.
La historia rural en España y Francia (siglos XVI-XIX). Contribuciones para una historia comparada y renovada
Authors: Sobrado Correa Hortensio
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Metodologias usadas na quantificação de material combustível no Cerrado
Authors: Ferreira Tavares Maíra Elisa
Published: July 2017

A vegetação do Cerrado é composta por três formações: campestre, savânica e florestal. Resíduos lenhosos naturalmente são produzidos por florestas, seja pela queda de galhos, ramos ou mesmo árvores inteiras. As queimadas no cerrado são consideradas queimadas de superfície, consumindo basicamente os estratos herbáceos, com diâmetro inferior ou igual a 6mm. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar literaturas sobre metodologias usadas na quantificação do material combustível. Os métodos para quantificação de material combustível podem ser não destrutivos e destrutivos. O sucesso do método vai depender da abundância dos combustíveis.
Exploring English Teachers’ Perceptions About Peer-Coaching as a Professional Development Activity of Knowledge Construction
Authors: Castañeda-Londoño Adriana
Published: July 2017

Teachers’ knowledge and how they construct it is an area that deserves attention when it comes to producing fruitful professional development practices. This small-scale action research aims at identifying the perceptions of three teachers in a private language center about peer-coaching and their actual construction of knowledge in a peer-coaching activity. Data were collected through two narratives and the transcription of recorded conversations among participants after the observation of their classes. The results suggest that before peer-coaching teachers held three types of perceptions towards observation and feedback: a cautious approach, an identity tension approach, and a celebratory approach. After peer-coaching one sees that two perceptions emerged: observation and feedback entail, on the one hand, high anxiety about teachers’ self-image; and on the other, observation and feedback show a deep sense of their selves.
Empowering Language: Lenses of Knowing, Being and Doing
Authors: Williamson Joanna , Hedges Helen
Published: July 2017

Mana, a notion reflecting empowerment, is a central concept in te ao Māori, the world views of the indigenous culture in Aotearoa New Zealand. Mana forms a key component within Aotearoa New Zealand’s bicultural early childhood curriculum Te Whāriki and Māori early childhood assessment framework Te Whatu Pōkeka. Lenses of these culturally responsive frameworks are applied to verbal interactions amongst Indigenous Canadian children playing in school. Play was utilized to empower the children’s ideas and oral language towards richer storytelling. We argue that it is important for all teachers to consider and work with local and culturally responsive frameworks relevant to their context to empower children’s voices.
An Anishinaabe Perspective on Children’s Language Learning to Inform “Seeing the Aboriginal Child”
Authors: Peltier Sharla
Published: July 2017

This paper critically examines attitudes and professional practices based on Western-European epistemologies that perpetuate the socio-cultural mismatch between many Aboriginal children’s home and school. In the spirit of the Calls to Action by Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission, an Anishinaabe[1] collaborator on the NOW Play interdisciplinary collaborative research project advocates for social responsibility and cultural competency in research and educational praxis within the context of the early learning and child care environments of Aboriginal[2] children. Culturally sensitive approaches for “seeing the Aboriginal child” are illustrated for moving forward in supportive relationships to promote research and learning in early learning and child care settings. This paper underscores and illustrates the first priority for researchers and educators: to take the time in research and pedagogical encounters to really “see” the Aboriginal child through appreciation of the sociocultural, philosophical, and linguistic distinctiveness of Aboriginal families.Discovery of new knowledge in novel contexts and refinement of understandings with new insights, once consolidated are foundational to knowledge mobilization strategies that include professional development training. A generative process uncovers more effective strategies that honour Indigeneity[3] and meet Aboriginal children’s learning needs.[1] The term Anishinaabe refers Anishinaabemowin-speaking people and the group includes the Algonquin, Chippewa,Delaware,Mississauga, Odawa, and Ojibway and Potawatomi people of the Great Lakes Region.[2] The term Aboriginal is commonly used inCanada and is used in this paper to refer specifically to the Indigenous people inCanada (Helin, 2006). “Aboriginal” is the term used in the Canadian Constitution to refer to Indian, Inuit and Metis”.[3] According to the International Labour Organization of the United Nations, the concept of indigeneity refers to: tribal peoples whose social, cultural and economic conditions distinguish them from other sections of the national community and whose status is regulated wholly or partially by their own customs or traditions or by special laws or regulations, and to peoples who are regarded as Indigenous on account of their descent from the populations which inhabit the country at the time of conquest or colonisation. (Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169). Article. 1.
Predictors of proximity to others in colony housed shelter cats (Felis silvestris catus)
Authors: Suchak Malini , Piombino Michael , Bracco Kalina
Published: July 2017

Colony housing of cats allows shelters to maximize the number of cats housed in limited space. Most research on colony-housed cats examines stress in relation to group size or enclosure size.  While this is important for evaluating welfare, it is equally important to understand how cats are interacting socially in these colonies. We observed 259 adult cats housed in groups of two to eight individuals. Scan samples were used to assess how frequently individual cats were in close proximity to other cats. These data were used to measure individual differences in sociability and patterns of proximity to certain partners. We used information about the past history of the cat, which was collected upon admission to the shelter to identify predictors of time spent in proximity. There was a high degree of inter-individual variability in sociability. Strays tended to spend less time in proximity to other cats, and this effect was most pronounced in females.However, none of the information collected upon admission predicted patterns of proximity to certain partners, or which cats spent time in association witheach other. Future studies should explore the implications of differences in sociability by associating observations of social behavior and stress behaviors.