bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Publisher/Library Relationship in the Digital Environment
Authors: Götze Dietrich
Published: March 2008

Dietrich Götze followed his medical studies (MD in 1969) in Heidelberg and Munich with medical fellowships at the Medical School of the University of Munich and at the Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation in La Jolla, California, USA. In 1976 he became Associate Professor for Immunogenetics at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, and in 1977 he became Deputy Director at the Max-Planck-Institute for Immunogenetics in Tübingen, Germany. ln 1981 he moved into the publishing world, becoming Director of the Medical Editorial at Springer Publishing House, and in 1983 he was promoted to Managing Director for Editorial and Programme Development. Offices he has held include the following: Chairman of the Copyright and Publisher's Right Committee of the German Publishers Association, 1989-1992; Member of the International Publishers Copyright Council since 1986; Chairman of the Board of Directors of ADONIS, Ltd., 1990-1996,- Chairman and Member of the Executive Committee of STM, 1996-1998; Honorary Member of SAGES, USA; and Member of the German Society for Immunology since its foundation in 1969. Mr Götze may be contacted at Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany (fax: +(49-6221) 487151; e-mail: goetze@springer.de).
Endovascular Treatment of Ileocolic Pseudoaneurysm After a Laparoscopic-Assisted Bowel Resection for Crohn Disease
Authors: Edden Yair , Shussman Noam , Cohen Matan J. , Verstandig Anthony , Pikarsky Alon J.
Published: March 2008

Since the introduction of laparoscopic-assisted ileocolic resection for Crohn disease more than 15 years ago, it has become established as a challenging but feasible and safe procedure. A crucial step in the operation is the division of the thick and chronically inflamed mesentery, which in many cases is performed extracorporeally. We report a case of a 32-year-old man with a 14-year history of Crohn ileitis who underwent elective laparoscopic-assisted ileocolic resection. His procedure and the postoperative course were uneventful. A computed tomography scan 2 weeks later revealed a 3-cm-diameter asymptomatic mesenteric pseudoaneurysm, which was successfully treated by transcatheter coil embolization. Pseudoaneurysm of mesenteric arteries has not been documented before in relation to bowel resection by conventional or minimally invasive approaches. It is likely that the thick vascular mesentery of this patient with Crohn disease was a contributing factor to this complication.
Computational evaluation of TIS annotation for prokaryotic genomes
Authors: Hu Gang-Qing , Zheng Xiaobin , Ju Li-Ning , Zhu Huaiqiu , She Zhen-Su
Published: March 2008

Background

Accurate annotation of translation initiation sites (TISs) is essential for understanding the translation initiation mechanism. However, the reliability of TIS annotation in widely used databases such as RefSeq is uncertain due to the lack of experimental benchmarks.

Results

Based on a homogeneity assumption that gene translation-related signals are uniformly distributed across a genome, we have established a computational method for a large-scale quantitative assessment of the reliability of TIS annotations for any prokaryotic genome. The method consists of modeling a positional weight matrix (PWM) of aligned sequences around predicted TISs in terms of a linear combination of three elementary PWMs, one for true TIS and the two others for false TISs. The three elementary PWMs are obtained using a reference set with highly reliable TIS predictions. A generalized least square estimator determines the weighting of the true TIS in the observed PWM, from which the accuracy of the prediction is derived. The validity of the method and the extent of the limitation of the assumptions are explicitly addressed by testing on experimentally verified TISs with variable accuracy of the reference sets. The method is applied to estimate the accuracy of TIS annotations that are provided on public databases such as RefSeq and ProTISA and by programs such as EasyGene, GeneMarkS, Glimmer 3 and TiCo. It is shown that RefSeq's TIS prediction is significantly less accurate than two recent predictors, Tico and ProTISA. With convincing proofs, we show two general preferential biases in the RefSeq annotation, i.e. over-annotating the longest open reading frame (LORF) and under-annotating ATG start codon. Finally, we have established a new TIS database, SupTISA, based on the best prediction of all the predictors; SupTISA has achieved an average accuracy of 92% over all 532 complete genomes.

Conclusion

Large-scale computational evaluation of TIS annotation has been achieved. A new TIS database much better than RefSeq has been constructed, and it provides a valuable resource for further TIS studies.
The evolution of core proteins involved in microRNA biogenesis
Authors: Murphy Dennis , Dancis Barry , Brown James R
Published: March 2008

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) which play important roles in eukaryotic gene regulation. miRNA biogenesis and activation is a complex process involving multiple protein catalysts and involves the large macromolecular RNAi Silencing Complex or RISC. While phylogenetic analyses of miRNA genes have been previously published, the evolution of miRNA biogenesis itself has been little studied. In order to better understand the origin of miRNA processing in animals and plants, we determined the phyletic occurrences and evolutionary relationships of four major miRNA pathway protein components; Dicer, Argonaute, RISC RNA-binding proteins, and Exportin-5.

Results

Phylogenetic analyses show that all four miRNA pathway proteins were derived from large multiple protein families. As an example, vertebrate and invertebrate Argonaute (Ago) proteins diverged from a larger family of PIWI/Argonaute proteins found throughout eukaryotes. Further gene duplications among vertebrates after the evolution of chordates from urochordates but prior to the emergence of fishes lead to the evolution of four Ago paralogues. Invertebrate RISC RNA-binding proteins R2D2 and Loquacious are related to other RNA-binding protein families such as Staufens as well as vertebrate-specific TAR (HIV trans-activator RNA) RNA-binding protein (TRBP) and protein kinase R-activating protein (PACT). Export of small RNAs from the nucleus, including miRNA, is facilitated by three closely related karyopherin-related nuclear transporters, Exportin-5, Exportin-1 and Exportin-T. While all three exportins have direct orthologues in deutrostomes, missing exportins in arthropods (Exportin-T) and nematodes (Exportin-5) are likely compensated by dual specificities of one of the other exportin paralogues.

Conclusion

Co-opting particular isoforms from large, diverse protein families seems to be a common theme in the evolution of miRNA biogenesis. Human miRNA biogenesis proteins have direct, orthologues in cold-blooded fishes and, in some cases, urochordates and deutrostomes. However, lineage specific expansions of Dicer in plants and invertebrates as well as Argonaute and RNA-binding proteins in vertebrates suggests that novel ncRNA regulatory mechanisms can evolve in relatively short evolutionary timeframes. The occurrence of multiple homologues to RNA-binding and Argonaute/PIWI proteins also suggests the possible existence of further pathways for additional types of ncRNAs.
Construction of a BAC library and mapping BAC clones to the linkage map of Barramundi, Lates calcarifer
Authors: Wang Chun Ming , Lo Loong Chueng , Feng Felicia , Gong Ping , Li Jian , Zhu Ze Yuan , Lin Grace , Yue Gen Hua
Published: March 2008

Background

Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) is an important farmed marine food fish species. Its first generation linkage map has been applied to map QTL for growth traits. To identify genes located in QTL responsible for specific traits, genomic large insert libraries are of crucial importance. We reported herein a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library and the mapping of BAC clones to the linkage map.

Results

This BAC library consisted of 49,152 clones with an average insert size of 98 kb, representing 6.9-fold haploid genome coverage. Screening the library with 24 microsatellites and 15 ESTs/genes demonstrated that the library had good genome coverage. In addition, 62 novel microsatellites each isolated from 62 BAC clones were mapped onto the first generation linkage map. A total of 86 BAC clones were anchored on the linkage map with at least one BAC clone on each linkage group.

Conclusion

We have constructed the first BAC library for L. calcarifer and mapped 86 BAC clones to the first generation linkage map. This BAC library and the improved linkage map with 302 DNA markers not only supply an indispensable tool to the integration of physical and linkage maps, the fine mapping of QTL and map based cloning genes located in QTL of commercial importance, but also contribute to comparative genomic studies and eventually whole genome sequencing.
Charge environments around phosphorylation sites in proteins
Authors: Kitchen James , Saunders Rebecca E , Warwicker Jim
Published: March 2008

Background

Phosphorylation is a central feature in many biological processes. Structural analyses have identified the importance of charge-charge interactions, for example mediating phosphorylation-driven allosteric change and protein binding to phosphopeptides. Here, we examine computationally the prevalence of charge stabilisation around phosphorylated sites in the structural database, through comparison with locations that are not phosphorylated in the same structures.

Results

A significant fraction of phosphorylated sites appear to be electrostatically stabilised, largely through interaction with sidechains. Some examples of stabilisation across a subunit interface are evident from calculations with biological units. When considering the immediately surrounding environment, in many cases favourable interactions are only apparent after conformational change that accompanies phosphorylation. A simple calculation of potential interactions at longer-range, applied to non-phosphorylated structures, recovers the separation exhibited by phosphorylated structures. In a study of sites in the Phospho.ELM dataset, for which structural annotation is provided by non-phosphorylated proteins, there is little separation of the known phospho-acceptor sites relative to background, even using the wider interaction radius. However, there are differences in the distributions of patch polarity for acceptor and background sites in the Phospho.ELM dataset.

Conclusion

In this study, an easy to implement procedure is developed that could contribute to the identification of phospho-acceptor sites associated with charge-charge interactions and conformational change. Since the method gives information about potential anchoring interactions subsequent to phosphorylation, it could be combined with simulations that probe conformational change. Our analysis of the Phospho.ELM dataset also shows evidence for mediation of phosphorylation effects through (i) conformational change associated with making a solvent inaccessible phospho-acceptor site accessible, and (ii) modulation of protein-protein interactions.
Moderators of the intention-behaviour and perceived behavioural control-behaviour relationships for leisure-time physical activity
Authors: Amireault Steve , Godin Gaston , Vohl Marie-Claude , Pérusse Louis
Published: March 2008

Background

Intention is a key determinant of action. However, there is a gap between intention and behavioural performance that remains to be explained. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify moderators of the intention-behaviour and perceived behavioural control (PBC)- behaviour relationships for leisure-time physical activity.

Method

This was tested in reference to Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour. A sample of 300 volunteers, 192 women and 108 men, aged 18 to 55, participated in the study. At baseline, the participants completed a self-administrated psychosocial questionnaire assessing Ajzen's theory variables (i.e., intention and perceived behavioural control). The behavioural measure was obtained by mail three months later.

Results

Multiple hierarchical regression analyses indicated that age and annual income moderated the intention-behaviour and PBC-behaviour relationships. However, in the final model predicting behaviour (R2 = .46), only the interaction term of PBC by annual income (β = .24, p = 0.0003) significantly contributed to the prediction of behaviour along with intention (β = .49, p = 0.0009) and past behaviour (β = .44, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Physical activity promotion programs would benefit not only from focusing on increasing the intention of low intenders, but also from targeting factors that moderate the perceived behavioural control-behaviour relationships.
Endogenous retroviruses of the chicken genome
Authors: Huda Ahsan , Polavarapu Nalini , Jordan I King , McDonald John F
Published: March 2008

We analyzed the chicken (Gallus gallus) genome sequence to search for previously uncharacterized endogenous retrovirus (ERV) sequences using ab initio and combined evidence approaches. We discovered 11 novel families of ERVs that occupy more than 21 million base pairs, approximately 2%, of the chicken genome. These novel families include a number of recently active full-length elements possessing identical long terminal repeats (LTRs) as well as intact gag and pol open reading frames. The abundance and diversity of chicken ERVs we discovered underscore the utility of an approach that combines multiple methods for the identification of interspersed repeats in vertebrate genomes.

Reviewers

This article was reviewed by Igor Zhulin and Itai Yanai.
A sequence-based survey of the complex structural organization of tumor genomes
Authors: Raphael Benjamin J , Volik Stanislav , Yu Peng , Wu Chunxiao , Huang Guiqing , Linardopoulou Elena V , Trask Barbara J , Waldman Frederic , Costello Joseph , Pienta Kenneth J , Mills Gordon B , Bajsarowicz Krystyna , Kobayashi Yasuko , Sridharan Shivaranjani , Paris Pamela L , Tao Quanzhou , Aerni Sarah J , Brown Raymond P , Bashir Ali , Gray Joe W , Cheng Jan-Fang , de Jong Pieter , Nefedov Mikhail , Ried Thomas , Padilla-Nash Hesed M , Collins Colin C
Published: March 2008

Background

The genomes of many epithelial tumors exhibit extensive chromosomal rearrangements. All classes of genome rearrangements can be identified using end sequencing profiling, which relies on paired-end sequencing of cloned tumor genomes.

Results

In the present study brain, breast, ovary, and prostate tumors, along with three breast cancer cell lines, were surveyed using end sequencing profiling, yielding the largest available collection of sequence-ready tumor genome breakpoints and providing evidence that some rearrangements may be recurrent. Sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed translocations and complex tumor genome structures that include co-amplification and packaging of disparate genomic loci with associated molecular heterogeneity. Comparison of the tumor genomes suggests recurrent rearrangements. Some are likely to be novel structural polymorphisms, whereas others may be bona fide somatic rearrangements. A recurrent fusion transcript in breast tumors and a constitutional fusion transcript resulting from a segmental duplication were identified. Analysis of end sequences for single nucleotide polymorphisms revealed candidate somatic mutations and an elevated rate of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in an ovarian tumor.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the genomes of many epithelial tumors may be far more dynamic and complex than was previously appreciated and that genomic fusions, including fusion transcripts and proteins, may be common, possibly yielding tumor-specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Prognostic Implications of the Distribution of Lymph Node Metastases in Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Leibold Tobias , Shia Jinru , Ruo Leyo , Minsky Bruce D. , Akhurst Timothy , Gollub Marc J. , Ginsberg Michelle S. , Larson Steven , Riedel Elyn , Wong W. Douglas , Guillem José G.
Published: March 2008

Purpose

After preoperative chemoradiotherapy of rectal cancer, the number of retrievable and metastatic lymph nodes is decreased. The current TNM classification is based on number and not location of lymph node metastases and may understage disease after chemoradiotherapy. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic significance of location of involved lymph nodes in rectal cancer patients after preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Patients and Methods

We prospectively examined whole-mount specimens from 121 patients with uT3-4 and/or N+ rectal cancer who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by resection. Location of involved lymph nodes was compared with median number of lymph nodes involved as well as presence of distant metastasis at presentation.

Results

Lymph node metastases were detected in 37 patients (31%). Thirteen patients with lymph node involvement along major supplying vessels (proximal lymph node metastases) had a significantly higher rate of distant metastatic disease at time of surgery than patients without proximal lymph node involvement (P < .001); median number of lymph nodes involved was two for patients with proximal lymph node metastases and 1.5 for patients with mesorectal lymph node involvement alone.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that, after preoperative chemoradiotherapy, proximal lymph node involvement is associated with a high incidence of metastatic disease at time of surgery. Because the median number of involved lymph nodes is low after preoperative chemoradiotherapy, the TNM staging system may not provide an accurate assessment of metastatic disease. Therefore, the ypTNM staging system should incorporate distribution as well as number of lymph node metastases after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.
CONQUER: A Methodology for Context-Aware Query Processing on the World Wide Web
Authors: Storey Veda C. , Burton-Jones Andrew , Sugumaran Vijayan , Purao Sandeep
Published: March 2008

A major impediment to accurate information retrieval from the World Wide Web is the inability of search engines to incorporate semantics in the search process. This research presents a methodology, CONQUER (CONtext-aware QUERy processing), that enhances the semantic content of Web queries using two complementary knowledge sources: lexicons and ontologies. The methodology constructs a semantic net using the original query as a seed, and refines the net with terms from the two knowledge sources. The enhanced query, represented by the refined semantic net, can be executed by search engines. This paper describes the methodology and its implementation in a prototype. An empirical evaluation shows that queries suggested by the prototype produce more relevant results than those obtained by the original queries. The research, thus, provides a successful demonstration of the use of existing knowledge sources to enhance the semantic content of Web queries. The paper concludes by identifying potential uses of such enhancements of search technology in organizational contexts.
Using Self-Regulatory Learning to Enhance E-Learning-Based Information Technology Training
Authors: Santhanam Radhika , Sasidharan Sharath , Webster Jane
Published: March 2008

Technology-mediated learning methods are widely used by organizations and educational institutions to deliver information technology training. One form of technology-mediated learning, e-learning, in which the platform is the tutor, is quickly becoming the cost-effective solution of choice for many corporations. Unfortunately, the learning outcomes have been very disappointing. E-learning training makes an implicit assumption that learners can apply a high level of self-directed learning to assimilate the training content. In contrast, based on perspectives from social cognitive theory, we propose that instructional strategies need to persuade learners to follow self-regulated learning strategies. We test our ideas with participants who were trained through e-learning to design a website. Our findings indicate that participants who were induced to follow self-regulated learning strategies scored significantly higher on learning outcomes than those who were not persuaded to do so. We discuss our findings, and suggest that the interaction among information technology features, instructional strategies, and psychological learning processes offers a fruitful avenue for future information systems training research.
Let the Pirates Patch? An Economic Analysis of Software Security Patch Restrictions
Authors: August Terrence , Tunca Tunay I.
Published: March 2008

We study the question of whether a software vendor should allow users of unlicensed (pirated) copies of a software product to apply security patches. We present a joint model of network software security and software piracy and contrast two policies that a software vendor can enforce: (i) restriction of security patches only to legitimate users or (ii) provision of access to security patches to all users whether their copies are licensed or not. We find that when the software security risk is high and the piracy enforcement level is low, or when tendency for piracy in the consumer population is high, it is optimal for the vendor to restrict unlicensed users from applying security patches. When piracy tendency in the consumer population is low, applying software security patch restrictions is optimal for the vendor only when the piracy enforcement level is high. If patching costs are sufficiently low, however, an unrestricted patch release policy maximizes vendor profits. We also show that the vendor can use security patch restrictions as a substitute to investment in software security, and this effect can significantly reduce welfare. Furthermore, in certain cases, increased piracy enforcement levels can actually hurt vendor profits. We also show that governments can increase social surplus and intellectual property protection simultaneously by increasing piracy enforcement and utilizing the strategic interaction of piracy patch restrictions and network security. Finally, we demonstrate that, although unrestricted patching can maximize welfare when the piracy enforcement level is low, contrary to what one might expect, when the piracy enforcement level is high, restricting security patches only to licensed users can be socially optimal.
A Comparison of Pair Versus Solo Programming Under Different Objectives: An Analytical Approach
Authors: Dawande Milind , Johar Monica , Kumar Subodha , Mookerjee Vijay S.
Published: March 2008

This study compares the performances of pair development (an approach in which a pair of developers jointly work on the same piece of code), solo development, and mixed development under two separate objectives: effort minimization and time minimization. To this end, we develop analytical models to optimize module-developer assignments in each of these approaches. These models are shown to be strongly NP-hard and solved using a genetic algorithm. The solo and pair development approaches are compared for a variety of problem instances to highlight project characteristics that favor one of the two practices. We also propose a simple criterion that can reliably recommend the appropriate approach for a given problem instance. Typically, for efficient knowledge sharing between developers or for highly connected systems, the pair programming approach is preferable. Also, the pair approach is better at leveraging expertise by pairing experts with less skilled partners. Solo programming is usually desirable if the system is large or the effort needed either to form a pair or to code efficiently in pairs is high. Solo programming is also appropriate for projects with a tight deadline, whereas the reverse is true for projects with a lenient deadline. The mixed approach (i.e., an approach where both the solo and pair practices are used in the same project) is only indicated when the system consists of groups of modules that are sufficiently different from one another.
That's What I Thought I Wanted? Miswanting and Regret for a Standard Good in a Mass-Customized World
Authors: Syam Niladri , Krishnamurthy Partha , Hess James D.
Published: March 2008

How can a standardized product survive in a mass-customized world? This requires understanding that consumers often experience problems predicting their future hedonic reactions to new experiences (such as custom products), leading to feelings of regret. This form of regret occurs not because the custom product differs from specifications, but because consumers miswanted the design they ordered. Our analytic model shows that regret aversion induces consumers to design custom products to reflect the attributes of the available standard products. Consequently, regret-averse consumers may choose the standard product rather than place a custom order. The number of available standard products, however, moderates both these effects. Two experiments empirically substantiate the key predictions of the analytical model: (a) the custom product's resemblance to the standard product grows with regret aversion associated with miswanting, (b) there exists a segment of “regretfully loyal consumers” for the standard product in a mass-customized world and it expands with regret aversion, (c) both the above effects are weakened by the presence of a second standard product, and (d) the custom product can increase its market share when the number of standard products increases.
An Integrated Framework for Intercity Bus Scheduling Under Stochastic Bus Travel Times
Authors: Yan Shangyao , Tang Ching-Hui
Published: March 2008

In this research, we develop an integrated framework to help the intercity bus carriers plan bus routes and schedules under stochastic bus travel times. Unlike past research, where stochastic disturbances in the planning and real-time stages are handled separately, the integrated framework embedded in an iterative solution process combines these two stages by repeatedly solving a series of planned bus scheduling and real-time schedule adjustment problems to find suitable bus routes and schedules. The test results, related to a major Taiwan intercity bus operation, show the good performance of the proposed framework.
General and practical synthesis of benzothiazoles
Authors: Mase Toshiaki , Itoh Takahiro
Published: March 2008

The carbon-sulfur bond formation of aryl bromides and triflates catalyzed by a new catalyst system, Pd2(dba)3/xantphos, has been demonstrated. Based on this finding, a novel and practical synthesis of benzothiazoles has been developed. This new methodology allows for the assembly of a wide range of benzothiazoles.
Chiral phenyl-bis(oxazoline) as an efficient auxiliary for asymmetric catalysis
Authors: Nishiyama Hisao , Ito Jun-ichi , Shiomi Takushi , Hashimoto Toru , Miyakawa Takeshi , Kitase Megumi
Published: March 2008

A new class of phenyl-bis(oxazoline) auxiliaries was readily prepared from isophthaloyl chloride and appropriate β-amino alcohols, and the derived rhodium complexes underwent new cyclization reactions at the metal center and exhibited high catalytic efficiency for asymmetric conjugate reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and reductive aldol reactions of aldehydes and ketones.
Captured by the Game: Might a Focus on the ‘Therapeutic Relationship’ Diminish the Attention We Give to the Client's Intimate Network?
Authors: Furlong Mark
Published: March 2008

A recent project sought to clarify how psychotherapists and mental health workers understand psychosocial health and pathology. In this enquiry, I paid particular attention to the client's interpersonal networks: did the professionals actively consider, and if so to what extent, ‘intimate social and family relationships’ in constructing their understanding of the presenting problem and in the process they used for goal setting. Twenty‐two semi‐structured interviews were undertaken, eleven with psychotherapists and eleven with mental health workers. Across both groups, interviewees tended not to see their clients as embedded, relational entities, but primarily, often quite exclusively, as autonomous beings. Second, interviewees accorded a high value to the importance of ‘the therapeutic relationship’. Is it possible that the emphasis practitioners place on ‘the therapeutic relationship’ has the effect of marginalising the attention that is given to the client's significant‐other network?
Amplifying Deviations in Family Interactions: Guidelines For Trainees in Post‐Milan Family Therapy
Authors: Rhodes Paul
Published: March 2008

Amplifying deviations in family interactions is a critical skill in family therapy, and one that can be implemented following the first reflecting team intervention. This paper will provide trainees with a series of practical guidelines for amplifying deviations, derived from an integration of several models of family therapy. Solution‐focused and narrative questions are employed systemically, with the aim of magnifying virtuous, rather than vicious cycles of interaction. A theoretical rationale for deviation amplifying and a brief case vignette will also be presented.
‘Therapy Doesn't Exist in a Vacuum’: An Interview With Max Cornwell
Authors: Achimovich Lois
Published: March 2008

Max Cornwell is a psychologist and social worker in Sydney. He edited ANZJFT from 1985 until 1996 and is a former editor of Australian Social Work. He has taught in hundreds of venues in Australia and abroad. In 1980 he co‐founded the Family Therapy Institute, a major influence on the training of family therapists in New South Wales until the mid‐90s. He is an Honorary Life Member of VAFT and has received the Journal Award for services to family therapy.
Una tensa oscuridad: interrogando el abordaje psicosocial de la subjetividad
Authors: Leache Patricia Amigot
Published: March 2008

Abordamos en este artículo algunas reflexiones en torno al estudio psicosocial de la subjetividad, subrayando el diálogo transdisciplinar y la obra de autores alejados del marco convencional de la Psicología Social. El texto señala algunas de las tensiones y paradojas que el estudio del self plantea, así como algunas de las aportaciones teóricas cruciales para reflexionar acerca de ellas. Brevemente, y con una perspectiva foucaultiana, bosquejaremos los nudos de complejidad en torno al estudio de la historicidad del sujeto, su experiencia temporal y coherente, las dimensiones corporales y materiales, la dimensión inconsciente, la tensión entre sujeción y agencia y el carácter generizado de la subjetividad.
Antipsicóticos, anticonvulsivantes, antiadrenérgicos e outras drogas: o que fazer quando o transtorno do estresse pós-traumático não responde aos inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina?
Authors: Berger William , Portella Carla Marques , Fontenelle Leonardo F , Kinrys Gustavo , Mendlowicz Mauro Vitor
Published: March 2008

OBJETIVOS: Nesta revisão narrativa, o objetivo foi descrever as opções farmacológicas para o tratamento do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático nos casos de intolerância, resistência, refratariedade ou impossibilidade de utilizar antidepressivos, especialmente inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina. MÉTODO: Consulta às bases de dados ISI Web of Science e PubMed em busca de estudos originais sobre o tratamento farmacológico do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático em diferentes cenários clínicos. RESULTADOS: Evidências preliminares apontam para a utilidade de drogas como a risperidona, a olanzapina, a lamotrigina e o prazosin como estratégias para o cenário clínico em tela. A escolha do medicamento de segunda linha deve levar em conta não só os sintomas, como também as comorbidades, os tratamentos prévios, as interações farmacológicas, os efeitos colaterais e as condições físicas do paciente. CONCLUSÕES: Futuros ensaios clínicos randomizados ainda são necessários para estabelecer com clareza alternativas farmacológicas aos antidepressivos para o tratamento do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático.
Uma perspectiva baseada em recursos no agronegócio cooperativo
Authors: Tondolo Vilmar Antonio Gonçalves , Bitencourt Cláudia Cristina
Published: March 2008

Por meio de um estudo de caso, este artigo caracteriza um Complexo Portuário (CP) como um recurso para obtenção de vantagem competitiva, sob a perspectiva da Visão Baseada em Recursos. Os resultados identificam que o CP se caracteriza como um recurso heterogêneo, sustentável e apropriável. Destacam-se também as vantagens que o recurso proporciona e sua importância para o fortalecimento e união do sistema cooperativo gaúcho.
Astyanax henseli, a new name for Tetragonopterus aeneus Hensel, 1870 from southern Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes)
Authors: Melo Filipe A. G. de , Buckup Paulo A.
Published: March 2008

Tetragonopoterus aeneus Hensel (1870) is removed from synonymy with Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819), revalidated and redescribed as A. henseli to avoid homonymy. Astyanax henseli differs from A. fasciatus stricto sensu and other Astyanax species by the presence of two to four maxillary teeth, two vertically-elongated humeral spots, dentary tooth cusps positioned close to one another, and the slender form of the dentary teeth.
Spatio-Temporal Variations of Microphytobenthos in the Botafogo and Siri estuaries (norteast - Brazil)
Authors: Murolo Priscila Porchat de Assis , Carvalho Paulo Vladmir Vandenberg da Costa , Carvalho Monica Lucia Botter , Souza-Santos Lilia Pereira de , Santos Paulo Jorge Parreira dos
Published: March 2008

Spatio-temporal variations of microphytobenthic biomass were investigated in the Botafogo and Siri estuaries, Pernambuco - Brazil. Samples were taken during low water (bi-monthly) from February to December, 2003. Three sampling stations were located in each estuary, in both midlittoral and sublittoral areas. Clear spatial and temporal variations were found for both chlorophyll-a and phaeopigment concentrations. In Botafogo, chlorophyll-a had 34% of total variation explained by MRA from nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, while only 16% of total variation was thus explained from nitrogen concentration in the Siri estuary. Phaeopigments had 39% of total variation explained by MRA from nitrogen concentration and salinity in the Botafogo estuary and 58% of total variation was similarly explained from nitrogen concentration in the Siri estuary. Nitrogen was discriminated by the b coefficients as the most important factor in the explanation of the microphytobenthic pigments variations in the Botafogo estuary. The data of this study emphasize the role of nutrients and suggest that both estuaries show evidence of eutrophication.
Stable definability and generic relations
Authors: Kim Byunghan , Moosa Rahim
Published: March 2008

An amalgamation basepin a simple theory isstably definableif its canonical base is interde-finable with the set of canonical parameters for the ϕ-definitions ofpas ϕ ranges through all stable formulae. A necessary condition for stably definability is given and used to produce an example of a supersimple theory with stable forking having types that are not stably definable. This answers negatively a question posed in [8]. A criterion for and example of a stably definable amalgamation base whose restriction to the canonical base is not axiomatised by stable formulae are also given. The examples involve generic relations over non CM-trivial stable theories.
O-minimal spectra, infinitesimal subgroups and cohomology
Authors: Berarducci Alessandro
Published: March 2008

By recent work on some conjectures of Pillay, each definably compact group G in a saturated o-minimal expansion of an ordered field has a normal “infinitesimal subgroup” G00 such that the quotient G/G00, equipped with the “logic topology”, is a compact (real) Lie group. Our first result is that the functor G ↦ G/G00 sends exact sequences of definably compact groups into exact sequences of Lie groups. We then study the connections between the Lie group G/G00 and the o-minimal spectrum of G. We prove that G/G00 is a topological quotient of . We thus obtain a natural homomorphism Ψ* from the cohomology of G/G00 to the (Čech-)cohomology of . We show that if G00 satisfies a suitable contractibility conjecture then is acyclic in Čech cohomology and Ψ is an isomorphism. Finally we prove the conjecture in some special cases.
The complexity of resolution refinements
Authors: Buresh-Oppenheim Joshua , Pitassi Toniann
Published: March 2008

Resolution is the most widely studied approach to propositional theorem proving. In developing efficient resolution-based algorithms, dozens of variants and refinements of resolution have been studied from both the empirical and analytic sides. The most prominent of these refinements are: DP (ordered), DLL (tree), semantic, negative, linear and regular resolution. In this paper, we characterize and study these six refinements of resolution. We give a nearly complete characterization of the relative complexities of all six refinements. While many of the important separations and simulations were already known, many new ones are presented in this paper; in particular, we give the first separation of semantic resolution from general resolution. As a special case, we obtain the first exponential separation of negative resolution from general resolution. We also attempt to present a unifying framework for studying all of these refinements.
Increasing δ21 and Namba-style forcing
Authors: Ketchersid Richard , Larson Paul , Zapletal Jindřich
Published: March 2008

We isolate a forcing which increases the value of while preserving ω1 under the assumption that there is a precipitous ideal on ω1 and a measurable cardinal.
Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulation, and Cognitive Style as Predictors of Achievement with Podcast Instruction
Authors: Hodges Charles B. , Stackpole-Hodges Christene L. , Cox Kenneth M.
Published: March 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate possible factors that may affect academic achievement when instruction is delivered via podcast. Seventeen female Communication Sciences and Disorders students participated in this exploratory study conducted in the fall of 2006. Measurements of participants' individual differences on four variables were taken prior to learners experiencing instructional podcasts. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict learner success based on the four predictor variables: self-efficacy for online technologies, academic self-efficacy, academic self-regulation, and cognitive style. Learner success was measured via a pencil and paper, multiple-choice test covering the material delivered via podcast. Of the variables used in this study, only cognitive style was found to be a statistically significant predictor of achievement.
Comparing the Effects of Physical Practice and Mental Imagery Rehearsal on Learning Basic Venipuncture by Medical Students
Authors: Sanders Charles W. , Sadoski Mark , Wasserman Richard M. , Wiprud Robert , English Mark , Bramson Rachel
Published: March 2008

Effective and efficient techniques to teach basic clinical skills are much needed in medical education. Many of these skills are psychomotor, and mental imagery rehearsal has been effective in learning psychomotor skills in many fields. We conducted a fully randomized experiment to determine if mental imagery rehearsal was effective compared with physical practice in learning venipuncture (blood drawing) skills by medical students. All participants first received a lecture-demonstration on venipuncture and 30 minutes of guided physical practice on artificial plastic arms. One treatment group received an additional 30 minutes of such practice. Another treatment group received a 30-minute session of guided imagery. A control group received no additional training. Both treatment groups demonstrated improved performance on a live venipuncture compared to the control group and did not significantly differ from each other. Hence, imagery rehearsal offers a very cost-effective method of learning this basic clinical skill.
Analysis of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Contents in Various Fruits and Vegetables by UV-spectrophotometry
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur , Khan Mohammad Mizanur Rahman , Hosain Mohammad Mazedul
Published: March 2008

Total vitamin C (ascorbic acid + dehydroascorbic acid) has been determined by UVspectrophotometric method in various fruits and vegetables. In this method bromine water oxidizes ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid in presence of acetic acid. After coupling with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine at 37°:C temperature for three hours, the solution is treated with 85% H2SO4 to produce a red color complex and the absorbance was spectrophotometrically measured at 521 nm. The content of vitamin C were 10 mg/100g to 80 mg/100g in fruits and 16 mg/100g to 42 mg/100g in vegetables. Aloss of 64% at -10°C and 76% at 5°C was observed after two months storage period of one leafy vegetable "Enhydra fluctuans" (Helencha shak).

Key words: Vitamin C determination, Vegetables, Fruits, UV-spectrophotometer.
Response of Late Sowing on the Yield and Yield Contributing Character of Different Varieties of Mustard and Rapeseed in Coastal Area of Barguna
Authors: Razzaque MA , Talukder MR , Uddin Shaleh , Khan SI , Hossain Altab
Published: March 2008

An experiment was carried at Multi Location Testing site Barguna to determine suitable variety of mustard (Brassica species) for the late sowing condition for the coastal area of Bangladesh during rabi season of 1998-1999 and 1999-2000. Four varieties of mustard such as Daulat, Rai-5, Improved tory-7, and Ishurdi local with four sowing dates viz.15 Nov, 23 Nov, 30 Nov. and 7 Dec. were used for the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with sowing date in the main plot and varieties in the sub plot. The results revealed that the variety Daulat (1035 kg/ha) and Ishurdi local (1014 kg/ha) produced identically superior yield irrespective of sowing time. 15 November (1164 kg/ha) and 23 November (1002 kg/ha) recorded identically superior yield irrespect of variety. Daulat and Ishurdi local variety sowing could be delayed up to 30 November to obtain a profitable yield of (872 kg/ha) and (940 kg/ha) respectively which was still economically profitable.

Key words: Mustard and rapes, Late sowing , variety, Yield, coastal area.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 441-448., 2007
Metroglyph Analysis in Cotton (Gossypium Sp.)
Authors: Khan MR , Samad A , Begum S , Khaleda S , Alam AKMS , Chowdhury AN , Rahman MZ
Published: March 2008

Pattern of morphological variations was studied in seven cultivars of cotton viz. (1) DPL-41, (2) DPL-20, (3) BAC-49, (4) DPL-50, (5) DPL-51, (6) JA/96-B and (7) DPL-90 by metroglyph and index score method (Anderson, 1957). Two most variable characters - plant height at maturity (PHM) and fibre yield per plant (FYP) were selected for X and Y axis, respectively. In metroglyph diagram there appeared two clusters one comprised of 2 and the other comprised of 3 cultivars. Cluster I representing cultivar nos. 1 and 2 and cluster II cultivar nos. 4, 5 and 7. In both the clusters (Cluster I and II) the members are not so closely associated. In cluster I the members seems to form a straight line and in cluster II they form a triangle. An exceptional feature is the off location of two glyphs representing cultivar nos. 3 and 6.

Key words: metroglyph analysis; cotton; Gossypium

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 449-454, 2007
Studies on Fatty Acid Composition and Proximate Analyses of Anethum Sowa L. (Dill) Seed
Authors: Saleh-E-In Md Moshfekus , Roy Sudhangshu Kumar
Published: March 2008

Anethum sowa L. (Dill) seeds were investigated to determine the fatty acid composition and proximate analyses. The seeds contain 9.36 % fatty oil. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids contributed 6.22% and 93.78% respectively of the oil. The per cent composition of the extracted oil was identified by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Among the six fatty acids identified from this study oleic acid contributed the highest proportion (87.10%), where as, linolenic, palmitic, stearic, behenic and arachidic all together contributed the rest (12.90%). Proximate analyses showed that A. sowa. seeds are good source of dietary fibre. Overall Dill seeds oil can be considered as a good source of oleic acid.

Key words: Anethum sowa, dill seed oil, fatty acid composition, oleic acid, linolenic acid, Gas liquid chromatography.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 455-464, 2007
Preliminary evidence that specific candidate genes are associated with adolescent‐onset antisocial behavior
Authors: Burt S. Alexandra , Mikolajewski Amy J.
Published: March 2008

Though initially conceptualized as resulting from peer imitation of child‐onset or life‐course‐persistent youth [Moffitt, 1993], there is mounting evidence from twin studies that adolescent‐onset or adolescent‐limited antisocial behavior may also be genetically influenced. This study sought to provide preliminary molecular genetic evidence in support of these findings. We further evaluated whether genetic associations varied between behavioral subtypes of ASB (i.e., physical aggression and nonaggressive rule‐breaking), given that only the latter has been found to characterize adolescent‐onset ASB. The sample consisted of 211 undergraduate men of European‐American ancestry. Three polymorphisms with theoretical and/or empirical ties to ASB or related traits (i.e., tryptophan hydroxylase‐A218C, 5HT2A His452Tyr, and the DAT1 variable nucleotide tandem repeat) were genotyped. Analyses revealed that two of the three polymorphisms (i.e., His452Tyr and DAT1) were associated with adolescent ASB. Moreover, these associations appeared to be specific to the nonaggressive, rule‐breaking form of ASB, and did not extend to physical aggression, further supporting ties to adolescent ASB in particular. Such results thus constructively replicate earlier findings of genetic influence on adolescent ASB. They also offer preliminary evidence that the genetic processes underlying aggressive and nonaggressive antisocial behavior may be (at least partially) distinct. Aggr. Behav. 34:437–445, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mobilizing agents enhance fungal degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and affect diversity of indigenous bacteria in soil
Authors: Leonardi V. , Giubilei M.A. , Federici E. , Spaccapelo R. , Šašek V. , Novotny C. , Petruccioli M. , D'Annibale A.
Published: March 2008

The impact of several mobilizing agents (MAs) (i.e., soybean oil, Tween‐20, Tween‐80, olive‐oil mill wastewaters, and randomly methylated β‐cyclodextrins) on the degradation performances of the white‐rot fungi Irpex lacteus and Pleurotus ostreatus was comparatively assessed in a soil spiked with a mixture of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Among the different MAs, soybean oil best supported the growth of both fungi that was twice that observed in soil in the absence of MAs. In addition, soybean oil positively affected PAH degradation by both fungi. In this case, the total weight of organic contaminants (TWOC) was lower than that in the absence of MAs (57.7 vs. 201.3 and 26.3 vs. 160.4 mg kg−1 with I. lacteus and P. ostreatus, respectively). On the other hand, the number of cultivable heterotrophic bacteria was significantly lower in the soil with soybean oil augmented with either one of the two fungi (5.21 vs. 8.71 and 0.22 vs. 0.51 × 107 CFU g−1 soil with I. lacteus and P. ostreatus, respectively). The effect of soybean oil was confirmed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of PCR‐amplified 16S rRNA genes that showed a general decrease in biodiversity. The impact of the other MAs on bacterial diversity was either slightly negative or positive in incubation controls. Both richness and Shannon‐Weaver index decreased upon treatment with P. ostreatus. Moreover, with this fungus the composition of the indigenous bacteria was not significantly affected by the type of MA used. By contrast, both indices increased in soil with I. lacteus in the presence of randomly methylated β‐cyclodextrins (39 vs. 33 and 1.43 vs. 1.26, respectively) and soybean oil (19 vs. 5 and 1.01 vs. 0.65, respectively). Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;101: 273–285. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.