bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutzung von Industrie 4.0-Testumgebungen durch kleine und mittlere Unternehmen*/Usage of Industrie 4.0 testbeds by SMEs
Authors: Görzig D. , Luckert M. , Bauernhansl T.
Published: June 2021

Mit dem Ansatz der Industrie 4.0-Testumgebungen sollen kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) bei der kurzfristigen und agilen Entwicklung von digitalen Produkten durch Forschungseinrichtungen unterstützt werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag definiert den Begriff der Industrie 4.0-Testumgebung und untersucht, wie dieses Konzept im Rahmen einer BMBF-Fördermaßnahme durch KMU genutzt wird. Hierzu werden die in den Projekten vergebenen Unteraufträge an die Forschungseinrichtungen untersucht.

 

The Industrie 4.0 testbed approach aims to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) when cooperating with research institutions for the short-term and agile development of digital products. This paperdefines the term „Industrie 4.0 Testbed“ and analyzes how SMEs use this approach as part of a BMBF funding measure. To this end, the subcontracts awarded to the research institutions in the projects will be examined.
Nachbearbeitung additiv gefertigter Titanbauteile*/Finishing of additive manufactured titanium parts – potentials of centrifugal disc finishing
Authors: Uhlmann E. , Eulitz A. , Seiffert K. , Kersting R. , Schenk S.
Published: June 2021

Additiv gefertigte Bauteile lassen sich durch einen geeigneten Fliehkraftgleitschleifprozess in großer Stückzahl nachbearbeiten. Die Auswahl geeigneter Schleifkörper ist für eine wirtschaftliche Bearbeitung von großer Bedeutung. Im Folgenden werden die Änderungen der Bauteiltopografie und -geometrie infolge der Nachbearbeitung untersucht sowie ein mehrstufiger Fliehkraftgleitschleifprozess entwickelt, mit dem sich additiv gefertigte Titanbauteile nachbearbeiten lassen.

 

Additive manufactured parts can be post-processed by centrifugal disc finishing as bulk. The choice of suitable media is of high importance for economic post-processing. In this paper, topography and shape changes of machined workpieces are investigated and a multi-stage process for post-processing additive manufactured Titanium parts is developed.
Kontinuierliches Wälzschleifen*/Continuous gear grinding. Thermal and mechanical loads during continuous gear grinding with cBN grinding tools
Authors: Denkena B. , Grove T. , Dzierzawa P. , Kempf F.L.
Published: June 2021

Für die Leistung und die Standzeit der Zahnräder im Getriebe sind die Oberflächen- und Randzoneneigenschaften der Zähne entscheidend. Die Kenntnis der durch den Schleifprozess erzeugten Temperaturen ist von besonderem Interesse, da thermische Schädigungen ein Bauteil für den Einsatz unbrauchbar machen. Die Messung von Temperaturen nahe der Kontaktzone ist aufgrund der gekoppelten Rotation von Werkstück und Schleifwerkzeug aufwendig. Eine werkstückseitige Messung bietet eine einfachere Lösung dafür, die auch die Untersuchung unterschiedlicher Werkzeuge erlaubt.

 

Surface and subsurface properties of the gear teeth are crucial for the performance and service life of gears inside the gear train. The knowledge of temperatures generated by the grinding process is of particular interest, as thermal damage causes the gear to be unusable. The measurement of temperatures near the contact zone in this case is not trivial, due to the coupled rotation of workpiece and grinding tool. A measuring system attached to the workpiece offers a less complicated solution for this, and allows the examination of different tools.
Shopfloor Management: Ist-Stand und Ausblick*
Authors: Hofmann C. , Stricker N. , Lanza G.
Published: June 2021

Die zunehmende Digitalisierung der Produktion unter dem Stichwort „Industrie 4.0“ stößt gegenwärtig auf großes Interesse. Shopfloor Management (SFM) ist ein etabliertes Führungsinstrument im Sinne der kontinuierlichen Verbesserung, das noch weitestgehend analog durchgeführt wird. Dieser Beitrag stellt den Ist-Stand des Shopfloor Managements vor und zeigt auf, welche Anforderungen in der Praxis an ein digitales Shopfloor Management gestellt werden.
Elektromechanisches Glattwalzen von Stahllegierungen*/Electromechanical burnishing of steel alloys. Principal investigation of electromechanical burnishing of steel alloys
Authors: Uhlmann E. , Thom S. , Prasol L. , Haberbosch K. , Drieux S.
Published: June 2021

Das elektromechanische Glattwalzen (EMG) beschreibt ein Umformverfahren, welches aufgrund des zusätzlich durch das Werkstück fließenden Stroms ein kombiniertes Fertigungsverfahren darstellt. Der Stromfluss induziert, bedingt durch den Ohmschen Widerstand R, in der oberflächennahen Randschicht des Werkstücks einen Wärmeeintrag. Hieraus resultiert eine temperaturbedingte Abnahme der Dehngrenze beziehungsweise Streckgrenze sowie der Zugfestigkeit im Werkstück. Der nachgelagerte Umformprozess durch eine Glattwalzrolle erfolgt somit bei einem lokal erhöhten Formänderungsvermögen. Im Beitrag wird das Potenzial des EMG für die Bearbeitung der Stahllegierungen C60 und 41Cr4 aufgezeigt.

 

Electromechanical burnishing (EMG) is a further development of burnishing (MG). By joining a forming process (MG) with an electrical current, EMG results in a combined manufacturing process. Due to the heating process – induced by current flow – an increased material formability occurs in the forming zone. In this paper, the influence of EMG on the surface and metallographic properties of the steel alloys C60 and 41Cr4 is analyzed.
OPC UA over TSN in der Automatisierung*/OPC UA over TSN in automation – An analysis of the round trip time of TSN and OPC UA publish subscribe applications
Authors: Eckhardt A. , Mueller S.
Published: June 2021

Mit der Ankündigung auf der „SPS IPC Drives“ 2018, dass alle großen Feldbushersteller auf OPC UA over TSN als nächsten herstellerunabhängigen und interoperablen Feldbusstandard setzen, wird OPC UA over TSN immer wichtiger in der Automatisierung. Diese Arbeit soll einen Beitrag dazu leisten, den Einfluss verschiedener Optimierungsvarianten auf die Paketumlaufzeit (Round Trip Time) zwischen zwei eingebetteten Geräte zu analysieren.

 

On the SPS IPC Drives 2018 in Germany the major fieldbus players announced, that they work together on a vendor independent fieldbus standard based on OPC UA and Time Sensitive Networking (TSN). This publication contributes an analysis of the round-trip time between embedded devices based on OPC UA over TSN.
Innovatives Reinigungsverfahren für oberflächenempfindliche Bauteile/Innovative cleaning method for surface-sensitive components based on robot-supported, process-oriented single component cleaning in machining manufacturing processes.
Authors: Huber T. , Emmerich H.
Published: June 2021

Im Rahmen eines vom BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) geförderten Projektes erforschte die Firma Optik-Elektro Huber GmbH in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Steinbeis-Transferzentrum für Produktion und Organisation ein neuartiges Reinigungsverfahren von komplexen, oberflächenempfindlichen Bauteilen. Im Fokus des Beitrags steht der Aufbau und die Wirkungsweise des Systems, welches auf der Einzelteilhandhabung der einzelnen Werkstücke in direkter Kopplung mit dem Fertigungsprozess beruht.

 

As part of a project, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), the company Optik-Elektro Huber GmbH, in cooperation with the Steinbeis-Transfer Center for Production and Organization, developed a novel cleaning process for complex, surface-sensitive components. The article is focused on the structure and mode of operation by the system which is based on the handling of individual components directly interacting with the manufacturing process.
Analyse dynamischer Niederhalterbelastungen*/Analysis of dynamic part holder loads – Prototype tool for validation of part holder impacts in large forming tools according to production conditions
Authors: Liewald M. , Burkart M. , Wied J. , Stockinger E.
Published: June 2021

Effizienzsteigerungen in Presswerken aufgrund erhöhter Hubzahlen stellen Werkzeugkonstrukteure vor Herausforderungen. Die Beschleunigungsvorgänge bewegter Massen werden für servo-mechanische Pressen zu kritischen Belastungen. In Folgeoperationen resultieren durch Niederhalter stoßartige Belastungen der Werkzeugstruktur. Der Beitrag stellt einen Versuchsaufbau vor, der zur Validierung von Modellen der Stoßbelastungen entwickelt wurde. Dieser erlaubt die Untersuchung bei Variation der Betriebsparameter.

 

With increased efficiency in press shops due to higher stroke rates of series presses, die designers are facing a challenge. Limiting factors are acceleration effects of heavy weighing moving structures in servo-mechanical presses. In trimming and restriking operations the part holder results in impact loads applied onto the structure. This paper presents a tool setup for investigating part holder impacts. By varying process parameters, the tool allows for analyzing occurring impact loads.
Erzeugung duktiler Bereiche beim Formhärten*/Production of ductile areas in hot stamping – Creating areas with reduced strength using a tempering station
Authors: Behrens B. , Hübner S. , Yarcu S. , Wölki K. , Maier H. , Golovko O. , Nürnberger F.
Published: June 2021

Formgehärtete Bauteile sind aufgrund ihres Leichtbaupotenzials im Karosseriebau etabliert. Jedoch ist die mechanische und thermische Fügbarkeit aufgrund der hohen Festigkeit stark eingeschränkt. Ein Ansatz zur Verbesserung der Fügeeigenschaften ist die Erzeugung von weichen Fügezonen. Zur gezielten Einstellung von lokal angepassten mechanischen Eigenschaften beim Formhärten wurde daher eine dem Platinenerwärmungsprozess nachgeschaltete Temperierungsstation entwickelt, um Platinen vor dem eigentlichen Formhärten im Hinblick auf eine lokale Entfestigung zu temperieren.

 

Due to their lightweight, hot-stamped components are established in car body manufacturing. However, high strength limits the application of mechanical and thermal joining operations. One approach to improving the joining properties is the production of ductile joining areas. To achieve locally varying mechanical properties, a tempering station has been developed that is suited to locally adapt the blank temperatures right after the oven process and thus prior to the hot stamping, resulting in tailored mechanical properties after the hot stamping operation.
Erhöhung der Bauteilfestigkeit durch Gradierungspressen/Increase of component strength by gradation extrusion
Authors: Selbmann R.
Published: June 2021

In den letzten Jahren wurde die Forderung der Industrie nach hochfesten und zugleich duktilen Werkstoffen immer lauter. Zunehmend rückten daher Werkstoffe mit ultra-feinkörniger Mikrostruktur in den Fokus der Forschungsarbeiten. Ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Korngrößengradienten über den Bauteilquerschnitt stabförmiger Halbzeuge ist das Gradierungspressen. Der Beitrag erläutert das Verfahrensprinzip, beleuchtet Varianten der Verfahrensauslegung und zeigt – gestützt durch experimentelle Umformversuche – die Möglichkeiten des Gradierungspressens für die Erzeugung lokaler ultrafeinkörniger Bereiche im Werkstoff auf.

 

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand by the industry for high-strength and materials that are also ductile. Research has focused more an more on materials with ultra fine-grained microstructures. Gradation extrusion is a process for generating grain size gradients across the cross-section of bar-shaped semi-finished products. This article describes the process principle, presents variants of process design and – based on forming experiments – illustrates the possibilities of gradation extrusion for generating local ultra fine-grained areas in the material.
ToolRep/Toolrep. Development of a system for the automated laser-based repair of structured mould inserts
Authors: Kreisel C.
Published: June 2021

Texturierte Spritzgusswerkzeuge sind aus der Kunststoffverarbeitung nicht mehr wegzudenken. Auf die Beschädigung einer Textur folgen Ausfallzeiten, teure Reparaturen bis hin zum Totalausfall des Werkzeugs. Ziel des vom BMBF geförderten Projektes „ToolRep“ war es, die gesamte Reparaturkette in einer prototypischen Anlage abzubilden. Texturfehler werden automatisch erkannt und selektiert, mittels additivem Laserauftrag gefüllt und mittels spezieller Reparaturalgorithmen und Lasergravur wiederhergestellt.

 

Textured injection moulding tools have become indispensable in plastics processing. Damage to a texture is followed by downtimes, expensive repairs and even total tool failure. The aim of the BMBF-funded „Toolrep“ project was to map the entire repair chain in a single system. Texture errors are automatically detected and selected, filled by means of additive laser application and restored by means of special repair algorithms and laser engraving.
Interoperabilität für OPC-UA-Spezifikationen/Interoperability for OPC UA Specifications – Test Generation and Certification for Companion Specifications for machine tool builders
Authors: Heinemann Tonja , Friedl Sebastian , Lechler Armin
Published: June 2021

Die Entwicklung branchenspezifischer OPC-UA-Modelle schreitet stetig voran. Um die benötigte Interoperabilität der Geräte sicherzustellen, werden Konformitätstests definiert. Dieser Beitrag führt die Grundlagen für OPC-UA-Tests ein und zeigt die Definition und Verwendung an den zwei Beispielen von OPC UA für Werkzeugmaschinen und OPC UA für die Wägetechnik. Zudem wird eine Methode für die Aufwandsabschätzung als Handreichung für Standardisierungsarbeitsgruppen vorgestellt.

 

There is an ongoing development of domain-specific OPC UA specifications. Test cases are defined to achieve the required interoperability between OPC UA devices. This article explains the basics of OPC UA testing and points out the test definition and usage by two examples: OPC UA for machine tools and OPC UA for weighing technology. In addition, the effort required by specification groups to define the test cases is estimated.
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ART OF EMBROIDERY IN THE UZBEK NATIONAL CRAFT
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department Of World History, Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Mamarajabov Gayrat Abdulkhakimovich , Izzatullaev Fazliddin Jovlievich ,   4th Year Student, Faculty Of History, Termez State University, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2021

The art of embroidery, embodied in the world famous masters of the Uzbek people and the national fabrics they create, with its brilliance, variety of colors, Islamic conditions has found its place in the world national art. Although our national embroidery has evolved over the centuries and is distinguished by beauty, diversity and regional differences, in turn, they complement each other. The word kashta comes from the Persian-Tajik language and means "kashida", which means to pull, sew. Embroidery is an important branch of the applied arts of the Surkhandarya oasis. Among the embroidery items of the population of the oasis are suzana, zardevor, borposh, sandalposh, jainamaz, lolabolish, belars (belt), kettle, bag for salt, bag for spoons, glass bag, brick, towels designed to cover beds.
A UNIQUE ARTISTIC INTERPRETATION OF THE ETHNOCULTURAL VALUES OF THE TURKIC PEOPLES
Authors:   Senior Researcher, Institute Of Uzbek Language, Literature And Folklore Of The Academy Of Sciences Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Otajanova Manzura
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the fact that in the stories of Nodir Normatov, a writer with a unique style of prose, the use of poetic interpretations of ancient images belonging to the most ancient layers of Uzbek mythology to symbolic metaphors, myths and legends served to illuminate the spiritual world.
Dialogar é preciso...
Authors: Carneiro João Luiz
Published: June 2021

Dr. João Luiz Carneiro apresenta a edição da revista, o tema geral e os respectivos autores e artigos.
Aspectos do quadro religioso católico e afro-brasileiro vistos na ótica do princípio pluralista
Authors: Ribeiro Claudio de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

Síntese de aspectos decorrentes da tarefa de aplicação do princípio pluralista, tendo como exemplo traços da realida­de católica brasileira e das religiões de matriz afro-brasileira, sobretudo as diversidades internas presentes nestes grupos. Metodologicamente, o texto está estruturado em três etapas, que correspondem aos conteúdos centrais e resultados da pes­quisa. A primeira resume as bases conceituais do princípio pluralista, como mediação de interpretação da realidade, não somente religiosa, que busca vê-la a partir dos entrelugares e fronteiras da cultura, em especial a sua dupla natureza: ênfase na análise de dimensões mais descritivas da realidade sociocul­tural, especialmente a diversidade religiosa, e ênfase de caráter hermenêutico, que observa a realidade em suas possibilidades de alteridade ecumênica e sob o prisma de visões teológicas pluralistas. A segunda etapa é relativa ao exame da ideolo­gia que reafirma as identidades como sendo fixas e imutáveis, procurando expressar as dinâmicas culturais e os movimentos internos às expressões religiosas que as fazem ser constituídas e reconhecidas como plurais. A terceira exemplifica a aplica­ção do princípio pluralista com uma interpretação da realidade católica brasileira, destacando as suas diversidades internas, e a das religiões de matriz afro-brasileira, especialmente a plu­ralidade das escolas dos candomblés, umbandas e encantarias.
Memória, rito nagô e terreiros bantos
Authors: Motta Roberto
Published: June 2021

A liturgia do Xangô gira em torno do sacrifício de animais, seguido pela divisão das vítimas em axé, destinado exclusivamente aos deuses, e em eran, as carnes vermelhas, redistribuídas pela comunidade, redundando numa estratégia econômica e alimentar. Porém, ultrapassando toda utilidade, o sacrifício culmina na festa, na dança, no transe, implicando no renascimento místico do devoto e na renovação da solida­riedade entre os membros do grupo de culto.
Intolerância religiosa
Authors: Lima Leila Duarte
Published: June 2021

Para caminhar rumo à transformação do conflito de modo que possamos extinguir algo que não desejamos (violên­cia) e construir algo que desejamos (pacificação social), o primeiro passo é entender o conflito. Para tanto, urge distinguir conflito de violência, reconhecer as potencialidades positivas que os conflitos apresentam, compreender suas causas e sistemas de abordagens. Neste contexto, nasce este artigo que, sem pretender esgotar o assunto, traz uma análise dos conflitos de intolerância religiosa sob a perspectiva da moderna teoria do conflito, mais especificamente com base no Círculo de Conflitos desenvolvido por Christopher Moore (1988) e as formas de abordagem.
Breaking paracyclophane: the unexpected formation of non-symmetric disubstituted nitro[2.2]metaparacyclophanes
Authors: Patel Suraj , Dais Tyson N , Plieger Paul G , Rowlands Gareth J
Published: June 2021

Substituted [2.2]metaparacyclophanes are amongst the least studied of the simple cyclophanes. This is undoubtedly the result of the lengthy syntheses of these compounds. We report the simple synthesis of a rare example of a non-symmetric [2.2]metaparacyclophane. Treatment of [2.2]paracyclophane under standard nitration conditions gives a mixture of 4-nitro[2.2]paracyclophane, 4-hydroxy-5-nitro[2.2]metaparacyclophane and a cyclohexadienone cyclophane.
ENRICHMENT OF PELLETED COMPOUND FEED WITH DOMESTIC PVMC FOR PIGLETS AT EARLY WEANING
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for the Use of Machinery and Oil Products in Agriculture, SHULAEV G.M. , MILUSHEV R.K. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for the Use of Machinery and Oil Products in Agriculture, GOGUN A.A. ,   Zolotaya Niva LLC
Published: June 2021

Industrial investigation of granulated stuffs with new domestic protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate (PVMC) in the conditions of a modern complex are conducted at early weaning piglets. Their subsequent productive qualities are studied at existing technology pig-breeding.
METHODS FOR INCREASING THE SAFETY OF SUCKLING PIGS FROM MULTIPLE SOWS
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, KOMLATSKIY V.I.
Published: June 2021

As a result of the work of breeders, sows' multiple births increased to 14‒18 heads. The use of new technological methods for growing piglets obtained from multiple sows increases the yield of business piglets for weaning and provides a high average daily gain. As a result, the profitability of the industry increases.
TD 2657 - A Desigualdade Racial no Brasil nas Três Últimas Décadas
Authors: Osorio Rafael Guerreiro
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho apresenta uma breve revisão das principais teorias sociológicas sobre a desigualdade socioeconômica entre negros e brancos no Brasil e indicadores da desigualdade racial de renda para o período 1986-2019, com base na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). Os indicadores revelam que, apesar de todas as transformações nas relações raciais nesse período, como a derrocada do mito da democracia racial, a crescente valorização da negritude e a maior denúncia e repúdio do racismo e da discriminação, na dimensão da renda houve apenas uma minúscula redução, e a desigualdade racial persiste sem abalos substantivos. A renda média dos brancos é ao menos duas vezes a dos negros, e a esta diferença, segundo a decomposição do indicador L de Theil, pode-se atribuir por volta de 11% da desigualdade de renda brasileira. A contribuição da desigualdade de renda entre negros para a desigualdade total no Brasil aumentou, acompanhando a parcela da população que se declara preta e parda na PNAD, que se tornou majoritária no período.
TD 2660 - Diagnóstico da Cadeia Produtiva de Caprinos e Ovinos no Brasil
Authors: Monteiro Maicon Gonçalves , Brisola Marlon Vinícius , Filho José Eustáquio Ribeiro Vieira
Published: June 2021

O agronegócio brasileiro, setor que representa um quarto da economia do país, passou por significativas transformações desde a década de 1960. Com a abertura econômica e a estabilização financeira dos anos 1990, diversos segmentos produtivos do agronegócio mantiveram bom desempenho, embora a cadeia de caprinos e ovinos, em particular, enfrentasse dificuldades em sua trajetória. Assim, este estudo, por meio da descrição, buscou realizar um diagnóstico do complexo agroindustrial da caprinovinocultura no Brasil, destacando seus principais limitantes, demandas e avanços. Identificou-se que os principais problemas derivam da informalidade presente no setor, da carência de políticas e ações privadas que promovam a capacitação dos produtores, do amparo às atividades de produção e da insustentabilidade na comercialização dos produtos derivados a partir de ações integradas entre produtores e entre o público e o privado. Destacaram-se ainda ações importantes já realizadas no setor, como a Rota do Cordeiro e a formação de cooperativas de produtores.
Türkiye’de Yürütülen Model ve Modelleme Konulu Tezlerin Tematik incelenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN ÇAKIR Çiğdem , KARAGÖZ Büşra
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ülkemizde fen bilimleri eğitiminde model ve modelleme konularıyla ilgili yazılmış yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinin betimsel bir yaklaşımla tematik olarak incelenmesi, model ve modelleme konularına yönelik nasıl bir eğilimin olduğunun belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’de 2005-2019 yıllarında Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu (YÖK) Ulusal Tez Tarama Merkezi’nde yer alan 30 tez oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamındaki tezler; erişim durumlarına, yayınlandığı yıl, bilim dalı, araştırma grubu, yöntemi, modeli, veri toplama aracı, veri analiz yöntemi ve amaçları bakımından incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak YÖK Ulusal Tez Tarama Merkezi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Fen bilgisi öğretmenliği alanında modelleme çalışmalarının diğer bilim dallarına göre daha fazla çalışıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma grubu olarak tezlerde daha çok ortaokul öğrencileri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalarda çoğunlukla araştırma modeli olarak yarı deneysel desenin kullanıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak başarı testi ve yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatın tercih edildiği ve veri analiz yöntemi olarak t-testinin kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada model ve modelleme hakkındaki görüşler, modellemeye dayalı etkinliklerin bilimsel süreç becerilerine etkisi ve zihinsel modelleri belirlemeye yönelik çalışma sayısının fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Maddi Duran Varlıklarda ve Yatırım Amaçlı Gayrimenkullerde Muhasebeleştirme ve Değerleme-BIST 100 Endeksindeki Firmaların Yeniden Değerlemeye İlişkin Uygulamaları
Authors: AKPINAR Aynur
Published: June 2021

Şirketlerin bağımsız denetimden geçmiş finansal tabloları vergi mevzuatına göre düzenlenmiş kesin mizan bilgilerinin Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları uygulamalarına göre düzeltilmesiyle oluşturulmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, öncelikle bu şirketlerin sahip oldukları maddi duran varlıkları ve yatırım amaçlı gayrimenkullerin ilk kaydedilmedeki maliyet unsurları ve dönem sonlarında hangi esaslarla değerlendirdikleri açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra BİST 100 endeksi kapsamındaki şirketlerin 2007-2019 yıllarındaki bağımsız denetim raporlarının dipnot açıklamaları incelenmiş ve maddi duran varlıklarında ve yatırım amaçlı gayrimenkullerinde yeniden değerleme yapan şirket sayılarına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, maddi duran varlıklarında ve yatırım amaçlı gayrimenkullerinde yeniden değerleme yöntemini benimseyen şirket sayısının artış gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca örnek seçilen işletmelerde yeniden değerleme fonu tutarlarının oransal önemi araştırılmıştır.
Lise ve Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Medya Araçları Kullanımlarının Karşılaştırmalı Analizi
Authors: KIRAN Özgür
Published: June 2021

Gelişen iletişim teknolojilerinin yaygın kullanımına bağlı olarak hızlı bir toplumsal değişim süreci yaşanmaktadır. İletişim araçları küresel dünyanın birey ve toplumların gözünde giderek küçülmesine, zaman ve mekân algılarının farklılaşmasına, kendileriyle diğer toplum ve kültürleri kıyaslamalarına daha fazla ve kolay olanaklar sunmaktadır. İletişim araçları insanlık tarihinin farklı dönemlerinde birçok değişikliğe uğrayarak günümüze kadar oldukça gelişmiş ve gelişmeye de devam etmektedir. Ancak kitle iletişim araçlarının gelişim hızı son yüzyıllık sürede tarihin hiçbir döneminde olmadığı kadar hızlı yaşanmış ve doğal olarak bu hızlı değişim toplumları da aynı yönde etkilemiştir. Endüstri devriminden itibaren teknoloji, ulaşımdan haberleşmeye, sağlıktan eğitime hayatın hemen her alanında geçmişe kıyasla oldukça hızlı değişimlere yol açarken iletişim teknolojileri genel anlamdaki bu teknolojik gelişmelerin en önemli yansıma alanlarından birisini oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırma Sinop ilinde 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenime devam eden üniversite ve lise öğrencileri üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Öğrencilere geleneksel medya araçları olarak televizyon ve gazete, yeni medya araçları olarak da internet ve sosyal medya ile ilgili sorulardan oluşan bir anket formu uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre her iki öğrenim düzeyindeki gençler arasında internet ve sosyal medya kullanımının yaygın olduğu, gazete okuma alışkanlıklarının ise oldukça düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Her iki öğrenim türündeki gençler arasında sosyal medya kullanım oranı yüksek bulunmuştur. Medyanın hem teknolojik hem de içerik olarak kendisini hızlı geliştirdiği günümüzde bireyler üzerindeki her türlü etkisi aynı oranda sıklıkla takip edilmelidir. Bu kapsamda genç kitlenin dışında aileler, yetişkinler hatta yaşlılar üzerinde de medya kullanımlarına ilişkin araştırmalarla konunun genişletilmesi önem arz etmektedir.
Financial mechanisms of ensuring the development of business under high interest rates
Authors: Shapran Vitaliy , Britchenko Igor
Published: June 2021

In the given article the problems of choice as for the types and forms of debt and share financing on the developing and “frontier markets” with high interest rates have been considered, the definition of what kind of interest rates can be viewed as high and under which circumstances nominal interest rate and in which ones – the real interest rate is important for business. Also, the classification of debt and sharing financing is given and the comparative analysis of such financing is made. Some close attention has been paid to the calculation of the real interest rate according to the inflation forecast. Recommendations concerning attracting of relatively cheap trade financing including international financial and credit organizations, development of operation factoring, financing from captive financial institutions of the exporters of the materials and equipment from the EU and the US have been grounded. The opportunity of relatively free of charge share financing through the mechanism of placing shares IPO/SPO is emphasized, exemplified by the results of placing shares on stock exchanges and their alternative platforms of issuing banks with businesses in Ukraine in 2005 – 2013. As a result, the conclusion concerning the necessity of thorough analysis of financial conditions on the developing and frontier markets before gaining such financing has been made. High interest rates within the average indicators even on the basis of prime rates do not necessarily mean absence of attractive conditions of financing.
Contemporary leadership in the human capital of organization
Authors: Kłak Dariusz , Maziarz Piotr
Published: June 2021

The dynamics of changes taking place in the contemporary world increases the interest in leadership, which is one of the essential elements of their functioning for the organization, affecting the ability to achieve the goals with the extremely important role of the human capital, which due to the appropriate support and engagement of the leader determines the success of the organization. A contemporary leader, in order to meet the requirements of the complex environment of the organization and the expectations of employees, should be aware that he is unable to perform personally all organizational activities, he must rely on human capital. Leadership is inextricably linked with the broadly understood ability to influence employees, resulting in the effective performance of their assigned duties. That is why, leaders should have certain necessary qualities, constant self-improvement, and an appropriate background in the form of properly managed human capital. This article deals with the issue of leadership and its impact on the human capital of the organization. The attention is paid to theoretical framework regarding its essence and effectiveness, among which the distinguishing features of leaders, including the leader improvement are described. In the article it is also described the differences between management and leadership, as well as the leadership paradigms that differently emphasize the importance of employees and their engagement.
Testing the Limits of Precise Subgiant Characterization with APOGEE and Gaia: Opening a Window to Unprecedented Astrophysical Studies
Authors: Godoy-Rivera Diego , Tayar Jamie , Pinsonneault Marc H. , Rodríguez Martínez Romy , Stassun Keivan G. , van Saders Jennifer L. , Beaton Rachael L. , García-Hernández D. A. , Teske Johanna K.
Published: June 2021

Given their location on the Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram, thoroughly characterized subgiant stars can place stringent constraints on a wide range of astrophysical problems. Accordingly, they are prime asteroseismic targets for the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. In this work, we infer stellar properties for a sample of 347 subgiants located in the TESS Continuous Viewing Zones, which we select based on their likelihood of showing asteroseismic oscillations. We investigate how well they can be characterized using classical constraints (photometry, astrometry) and validate our results using spectroscopic values. We derive luminosities, effective temperatures, and radii with mean 1σ random (systematic) uncertainties of 4.5% (2%), 33 K (60 K), and 2.2% (2%), as well as more model-dependent quantities such as surface gravities, masses, and ages. We use our sample to demonstrate that subgiants are ideal targets for mass and age determination based on H-R diagram location alone, discuss the advantages of stellar parameters derived from a detailed characterization over widely available catalogs, show that the generally used 3D extinction maps tend to overestimate the extinction for nearby stars (distance ≲500 pc), and find a correlation that supports the rotation–activity connection in post-main-sequence stars. The complementary roles played by classical and asteroseismic data sets will open a window to unprecedented astrophysical studies using subgiant stars.
“Super GZK” Particles in a Classic Kramers’ Diffusion-over-a-barrier Model. I. The Case of Protons
Authors: Alnussirat S. T. , Barghouty A. F. , Webb G. M. , Biermann P. L.
Published: June 2021

In interactions of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) protons with cosmic microwave background photons, we focus in this work on photopion production reactions and the effects of the measured, broad, energy-loss distributions in these reactions on the evolution of the protons’ density functions in energy space. We rely on a Fokker–Planck transport equation in energy space whose transport coefficients are calculated using laboratory measurements. We also derive a Fokker–Planck potential that accounts for both systematic (drift) and stochastic (dispersive) energy losses due to photopion production reactions. Our results show that dispersive energy losses have significant effects on estimating the protons’ horizon distance and their energy spectrum, as well as to elucidate a broadness in the GZK cutoff. We use the derived Fokker–Planck potential to assign a characteristic probability for a proton to clear the potential barrier as a function of energy. This estimate of probability can be used to assist observations in distinguishing between protons and heavy ions as charged particles. Our model is able to account for the so-called super GZK particles as a classic diffusion-over-a-barrier manifestation of the transport of UHECR protons in energy space in quantifying the extent and broadness of the GZK cutoff.
Distribution, excretion and metabolic pathways of a single parenteral administration of kappa-opioid receptor agonist RU-1205
Authors: Spasov Alexander A. , Smirnova Lyudmila A. , Grechko Olesya Iu. , Eliseeva Natalya V. , Lifanova Yuliya V. , Rashchenko Andrey I. , Zhukovskaya Olga N. , Morkovnik Anatoly S. , Anisimova Vera A. , Syrvacheva Olga E.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The purpose was to study the pharmacokinetic properties of RU-1205 with the previously identified kappa-agonistic and analgesic effects after parenteral administration.

Materials and methods: Pharmacokinetic parameters of RU-1205 after intravenous and subcutaneous administration at doses of 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively, were investigated, using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography with measurement of the compound according to a pre-established calibration curve. The indices of the area under the pharmacokinetic curve, clearance, half-life, residence time of the drug molecule in the body, total (apparent) volume of distribution, as well as the indicator of absolute bioavailability for subcutaneous administration were calculated. Tissue distribution and excretion of RU-1205 were also studied. Evaluation of metabolism of RU-1205 was conducted in silico, using the PALLAS 3.00 software, with the use of specific tests with CYP 450 substrates and by studying the ability of RU-1205 to form conjugates with endogenous acids.

Results and discussion: It was found that after a single intravenous administration, the investigated substance was determined in the blood for 12 h; the half-life was 8.49 hours. The absolute bioavailability after subcutaneous administration is 57.35%. RU-1205 is eliminated within 3–4 days. The main route of excretion is extrarenal. The biotransformation of the substance probably proceeds mainly with the formation of oxidized forms of the initial molecule according to the reactions of the first phase of metabolic transformation, so the chance to observe phase 2 of the metabolism could be very low.

Conclusion: The test substance undergoes a long process of elimination, has the highest tropism to the elimination organs and undergoes active biotransformation processes in the body of animals.
L’inexorable déclin du pétrole
Authors: Auzanneau Matthieu
Published: June 2021

Voilà des décennies que l’on annonce l’imminence d’un pic de la production pétrolière (le fameux peak oil ) sans pour autant que cette annonce ait suscité un investissement massif dans un changement de modèle énergétique. Pourtant, le peak oil a été atteint (en 2008 d’après l’Agence internationale de l’énergie, bien qu’une petite remontée ait pu être observée en 2018) et cette information n’a guère modifié la donne. C’est la lutte contre le changement climatique qui a finalement motivé les efforts de transition énergétique, plus que la perspective de manquer de pétrole très prochainement. Comme le montre ici Matthieu Auzanneau, directeur du Shift Project, ce déclin de la production de pétrole semble inexorable au vu de l’état des réserves et du niveau des investissements des compagnies pétrolières. Et il aura très probablement de lourdes conséquences sociales, économiques et géopolitiques, en particulier dans les pays européens, très dépendants des approvisionnements extérieurs et encore insuffisamment avancés dans le développement de ressources énergétiques alternatives. Or, le déclin de la production de pétrole se faisant sous forme de courbe en cloche, il risque de se produire brutalement et massivement, et l’on aura beau jeu de regretter de n’avoir pas prêté attention aux annonces de ce déclin qui datent du milieu des années 1950 et que des géologues très investis dans le secteur pétrolier ont fermement accréditées dès 1998…  S.D.
Vers un monde plus contesté ?
Authors: Delcroix Geoffrey
Published: June 2021

Le National Intelligence Council (NIC) des États-Unis, organe connexe de la CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), publie tous les quatre ans, à l’occasion du changement de président à la Maison Blanche, un rapport prospectif sur les grandes tendances géopolitiques à l’horizon des 15-20 années suivantes. Intitulé Global Trends , ce rapport présente donc les préoccupations que la communauté américaine du renseignement choisit de rendre publiques et sur lesquelles elle entend attirer l’attention des responsables politiques pour guider leurs décisions stratégiques. L’édition 2021, la septième depuis le premier rapport paru en 1997, est sortie ce printemps. Geoffrey Delcroix en présente ici les grandes lignes et en profite surtout, avant cela, pour porter un regard rétrospectif sur les précédents rapports. En particulier, il souligne le caractère assez conventionnel de ces rapports qui, finalement, cherchent assez peu à anticiper les ruptures ou surprises stratégiques des années à venir, comme en témoigne le traitement du risque pandémique au fil des 25 dernières années.  S.D.
Penser l’avenir sous l’emprise du présent
Authors: Scavardo Quentin
Published: June 2021

Dans notre revue, la rubrique Futurs d’antan a vocation à pointer des écrits passés ayant fait preuve de clairvoyance (ou au contraire s’étant fourvoyés) quant à l’anticipation de l’avenir. L’article de Quentin Scavardo est d’une nature un peu différente. Revisitant la manière selon laquelle l’avenir, et notamment l’an 2000, avait été anticipé au cours des quatre décennies précédant cette date emblématique, il souligne combien la conjoncture d’alors a exercé une influence importante sur les anticipations du futur, ces anticipations se révélant sujettes à des biais directement induits par les événements qui ont marqué cette période. Cet article est tiré du mémoire de l’auteur Une histoire au futur antérieur : les peurs de l’an 2000 au XX e  siècle , élaboré sur la base de travaux de prospective, de sondages, et d’analyse des médias, qui révèle la diversité des points de vue au travers de récits utopiques, dystopiques et eschatologiques, ces derniers témoignant davantage de craintes que d’espoirs. Une leçon s’en dégage quant à la nécessité pour les prospectivistes de prendre de la hauteur vis-à-vis des problèmes contemporains lorsqu’ils travaillent sur le temps long et donc, dans la période actuelle marquée par tant d’incertitudes et d’angoisses, de considérer que le pire n’est pas certain…  H.J.
Une affaire de succès et d’échec ?
Authors: N’Diaye Marième , Noûs Camille , Vairel Frédéric
Published: June 2021

L’article compare les réformes du statut juridique des femmes au Maroc et au Sénégal pour comprendre ce qui éclaire leur aboutissement dans le premier pays mais pas dans le second. Dans ces deux contextes rarement mis en regard, l’analyse des itinéraires des militantes et de leurs interactions avec les gouvernants fait ressortir des similarités frappantes : le positionnement des militantes entre local et global produit des effets comparables, tant sur leur rapport au féminisme que sur le choix de leurs modes d’action, les exposant à de semblables défis face à des gouvernements qui tentent à tout prix de dépolitiser les débats autour des réformes. Cependant, la capacité des militantes marocaines à sortir du registre expert pour protester dans la rue leur permet de peser bien davantage dans l’arène de la politique instituée. Par ailleurs, les deux régimes ne disposent pas des mêmes ressources religieuses pour gérer la controverse, ce qui contribue aussi à expliquer l’issue différente des mobilisations et le paradoxe qu’elle porte : une situation autoritaire peut se révéler plus favorable à la réforme qu’une démocratie.
La prospective territoriale du conseil régional de Bretagne, entre instrument de communication et stratégie de légitimation (1996-2016)
Authors: Le Berre Sylvain
Published: June 2021

Alors que la planification du Commissariat général du plan et que la prospective datarienne étaient tombées en désuétude durant la décennie 1980, les années 1990-2000 vont remettre au goût du jour, en France, les idées d’anticipation, d’aménagement et de régulation du développement territorial. Depuis les lois Pasqua (1995) et Voynet (1999), la prospective est confiée aux régions dans le cadre de l’élaboration du schéma régional d’aménagement du territoire. Pour une institution régionale à la capacité politique relative, la prospective va être institutionnalisée comme un outil de communication au service d’une stratégie plus large de légitimation territoriale. Cet article montre que le futur est une catégorie d’action politique à part entière et que la prospective, en tant qu’instrument de communication, participe d’un récit projeté de la capacité et de la légitimité politiques pour un pouvoir politique intermédiaire.
Le pouvoir normatif des entreprises multinationales en droit international
Authors: Kairouani Ali
Published: June 2021

L’analyse avancée dans cet article révèle le rôle normatif adjacent et sous-jacent des sociétés transnationales en raison de leur inexistence statutaire au sein de l’ordre juridique international. Leur participation active aux institutions internationales par le développement d’une diplomatie autour des normes contribue consécutivement à l’action normative de ces sociétés d’un point de vue proactif et d’un point de vue réactif en droit international. L’irruption des entreprises multinationales dans le processus normatif international reflète leur pouvoir normatif en droit international et par rapport au droit international. La nature juridique fuyante des entreprises multinationales et la normativité fluctuante du corpus normatif international génèrent une instrumentalisation privée des normes internationales, ce qui conduit à la transformation de ces opérateurs économiques en opérateurs juridiques puisqu’ils concourent à la diffusion du droit international.
Talent identification and location: A configurational approach to talent pools
Authors: De La Calle-Duran Maria Carmen , Fernandez-Alles Maria de la Luz , Valle-Cabrera Ramon
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Talent management (TM) has become a strategic priority for companies that try to identify employees with outstanding performance and potential to hold strategic positions in future. In fact, talent is considered an intangible capital that adds value to the organization. However, literature does not provide a clear definition of talent, nor how to identify the talent in the company to be able to develop it. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide a definition of talent and proposing configurational approach as a theoretical framework to identify the different configurations of talent or “talent pools” to initiate TM process in firms.Design/methodology/approach: Case study methodology research based on four companies that have implemented talent management program in Spain.Findings: This paper provides a complete definition of what is understood as talent and potential. It also highlights that talent means people, that companies focus their TM on talent that can be developed and that talent pools can be found throughout an organisation, in management and non-management positions, and the relevant theoretical contribution of the configurational approach to explaining that a company's future competitive advantage is based on the different talent pools existing in its organisation. Under this theoretical framework, conceptual bases are established to enable progress in TM and the design of practices to identify, develop and retain talent that are different for each type of talent pools identified.Practical implications: The need to design and implement different TM practices for each talent pools allow companies to develop talent at different points in time to achieve their future strategic objectives.Originality/value: The proposal of a theoretical TM framework and an empirical field study dominated by theoretical contributions especially in a Spanish context, where there have been very few publications to date.
Spumansque ore lymphatico bacchabundus. Bailar en la península ibérica cristiana en la Antigüedad tardía
Authors: Tronca Donatella
Published: June 2021

Para los Padres de la Iglesia no había nada de intrínsecamente incorrecto en la danza. Sin embargo, algunas formas de expresión coreutica en un sentido negativo se utilizaron a menudo para marcar una alteridad religiosa. Los resultados de esta construcción cultural pueden identificarse localmente también en algunos testimonios relacionados con la península ibérica. Además de algunas actas de concilios, en el artículo se tienen cuenta los testimonios de Liciniano de Cartagena, Isidoro de Sevilla y, sobre todo, Valerio del Bierzo.
Les indigènes de l’Islam, ou comment être musulmans sans être arabes dans le monde musulman occidental (VIIIe-IXe siècles)
Authors: Aillet Cyrille
Published: June 2021

Il est question dans cet article d’une phase particulière du processus d’islamisation, à savoir le moment où se manifeste un décalage entre l’identité islamique impériale issue des conquêtes et des identités islamiques locales, autochtones. Émergent alors ceux que l’on peut appeler les «indigènes de l’Islam»: musulmans sans être identifiés comme arabes, ils témoignent de l’autochtonisation de la religion impériale. L’un des objectifs est de saisir comment, en contexte impérial, les frontières qui définissent et différencient les entités collectives se redessinent sur le plan religieux, linguistique et ethnique.