bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU SON SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KLİNİK UYGULAMALARDA KARŞILAŞTIKLARI GÜÇLÜKLER
Authors: YENAL Sinan , GÜLTEKİN Tuğba
Published: May 2019

Sağlık
Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda (SHMYO) okuyan öğrencilerinin
klinik
uygulamalarda karşılaştıkları
güçlüklerin belirlenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı türde planlanan bu araştırma; 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim
döneminde Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, SHMYO’da öğrenim gören ve mezuniyet
aşamasında olan öğrenciler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veri toplamak amacı ile literatürden
yararlanılarak, amacına uygun bir anket formu hazırlanmıştır. Bu anket formu öğrencilere tarafından doldurularak veriler elde
edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin %71.2 oranında seçtikleri programdan memnun oldukları
bulunmuştur. En çok sağlık personeli ile güçlük yaşadıkları (%42.4)
görülmüştür. Öğrencilerinin yaptıkları uygulamaların etkinliğine ilişkin
verdikleri geribildirimler genel olarak olumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin
uygulamalar sırasında orta düzeyde güçlüklerle
karşılaştıkları belirlenmiştir.
User-Aware Audio Marker Using Low Frequency Ultrasonic Object Detection and Communication for Augmented Reality
Authors: Jeon Kwang Myung , Chun Chan Jun , Kim Hong Kook , Lee Myung J.
Published: May 2019

In augmented reality (AR), audio markers can be alternatives to image markers for rendering virtual objects when an AR device camera fails to identify the image marker due to lighting conditions and/or the distance between the marker and device. However, conventional audio markers simply broadcast a rendering queue to anonymous devices, making it difficult to provide specific virtual objects of interest to the user. To overcome this limitation without relying on camera-based sensing, we propose a user-aware audio marker system using low frequency ultrasonic signal processing. The proposed system detects users who stay within the marker using ultrasonic-based object detection, and then it uses ultrasonic communication based on windowed differential phase shift keying modulation in order to send a rendering queue only to those users near the marker. Since the proposed system uses commercial microphones and speakers, conventional telecommunication systems can be employed to deliver the audio markers. The performance of the proposed audio marker system is evaluated in terms of object detection accuracy and communication robustness. First, the object detection accuracy of the proposed system is compared with that of a pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor-based system in indoor environments, and it is shown that the proposed system achieves a lower equal error rate than the PIR sensor-based system. Next, the successful transmission rate of the proposed system is measured for various distances and azimuths under noisy conditions, and it is also shown that the proposed audio marker system can successfully operate up to approximately 4 m without any transmission errors, even with 70 dBSPL ambient noise.
Width Dependent Two-Photon Absorption in Monolayer Black Phosphorus Nanoribbons
Authors: Liu Yu , Feng Xiaobo , Qin Yonggang , Wang Qianjin
Published: May 2019

Black phosphorus nanoribbons (BPNs) might offer alternatives to narrow-gap compound semiconductors for tunable optoelectronics in infrared region. In this work we present a quantum perturbation theory on two-photon absorption (TPA) in monolayer armchair-edged black phosphorus nanoribbons (acBPNs) employing the reduced two-band model within the long-wavelength BP Hamiltonian. The matrix elements for one-photon transition have been derived and the TPA spectrum associate with intra conduction band transition and inter band transition have been drawn. The calculations predict that the TPA coefficient in acBPNs is in the magnitude of 10−6 m/W in visible region, which is 4 orders higher than the conventional semiconductor quantum dots. And in infrared region, there is a giant TPA coefficient, which is mainly contributed from intra band transitions and can reach up to10−1 m/W. The TPA peaks can be tuned both by the width of BPNs and the electron relaxation energy.
Data Interpretation Technology of GPR Survey Based on Variational Mode Decomposition
Authors: Xu Juncai , Lei Bangjun
Published: May 2019

Data interpretation is the crucial scientific component that influences the inspection accuracy of ground penetrating radar (GPR). Developing algorithms for interpreting GPR data is a research focus of increasing interest. The problem of algorithms for interpreting GPR data is unresolved. To this end, this study proposes a sophisticated algorithm for interpreting GPR data with the aim of improving the inspection resolution. The algorithm is formulated by integrating variational mode decomposition (VMD) and Hilbert–Huang transform techniques. With this method, the intrinsic mode function of the GPR data is first produced using the VMD of the data, followed by obtaining the instantaneous frequency by using the Hilbert–Huang transform to analyze the intrinsic mode functions. The instantaneous frequency data can be decomposed into three frequency attributes, including frequency division section, time-frequency section, and space frequency section, which constitute a platform to gain insight into the nature of the GPR data, such that the inspected media components can be examined. The effectiveness of the proposed method on a synthetic signal from a GPR forward model was studied, with the multi-resolution performance being tested. Inspecting the media of a highroad by analyzing the GPR data, with the abnormal characteristics being designated, validated the applicability of the proposed method.
A Neural Network Based Sliding Mode Control for Tracking Performance with Parameters Variation of a 3-DOF Manipulator
Authors: Truong Hoai-Vu-Anh , Tran Duc-Thien , Ahn Kyoung Kwan
Published: May 2019

The manipulator, in most cases, works in unstructured and changeable conditions. With large external variations, the demand for stability and robustness must be ensured. This paper proposes a neural network sliding mode control (NNSMC) to cope with uncertainties and improve the behavior of the robotic manipulator in the presence of an external disturbance. The proposed method is applied to the three degrees of freedom (DOF) manipulator. Some comparisons between the proposed and the conventional algorithms are given in both simulation and experiments to prove that the designed control can achieve higher accuracy in tracking motion.
Towards a Smarter Energy Management System for Hybrid Vehicles: A Comprehensive Review of Control Strategies
Authors: Xu Nan , Kong Yan , Chu Liang , Ju Hao , Yang Zhihua , Xu Zhe , Xu Zhuoqi
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a comprehensive review of energy management control strategies utilized in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). These can be categorized as rule-based strategies and optimization-based strategies. Rule-based strategies, as the most basic strategy, are widely used due to their simplicity and practical application. The focus of rule-based strategies is to determine and optimize the optimal threshold for mode switching; however, they fall into a local optimal solutions. To have better performance in energy management, optimization-based strategies were developed. The categories of the existing optimization-based strategies are identified from the latest literature, and a brief study of each strategy is discussed, which consists of the main research ideas, the research focus, advantages, disadvantages and improvements to ameliorate optimality and real-time performance. Deterministic dynamic programming strategy is regarded as a benchmark. Based on neural network and the large data processing technology, data-driven strategies are put forward due to their approximate optimality and high computational efficiency. Finally, the comprehensive performance of each control strategy is analyzed with respect to five aspects. This paper not only provides a comprehensive analysis of energy management control strategies for HEVs, but also presents the emphasis in the future.
Speed Optimization for Incremental Updating of Grid-Based Distance Maps
Authors: Qin Long , Hu Yue , Yin Quanjun , Zeng Junjie
Published: May 2019

In the context of robotics and game AI, grid-based Distance Maps (DMs) are often used to fulfill collision checks by providing each traversable cell maximal clearance to its closest obstacle. A key challenge for DMs’ application is how to improve the efficiency of updating the distance values when cell states are changed (i.e., changes caused by newly inserted or removed obstacles). To this end, this paper presents a novel algorithm to speed up the construction of DMs on planar, eight-connected grids. The novelty of our algorithm, Canonical Ordering Dynamic Brushfire (CODB), lies in two aspects: firstly, it only updates those cells which are affected by the changes; secondly, it employs the strategy of Canonical Ordering from the fast path planning community to guide the direction of the update; therefore, the construction requires much fewer cell visits and less computation costs compared to previous algorithms. Furthermore, we propose algorithms to compute DM-based subgoal graphs. Such a spatial representation can be used to provide high-level, collision-free roadmaps for agents with certain safety radius to engage fast and rational path planning tasks. We present our algorithm both intuitively and through pseudocode, compare it to competing algorithms in simulated scenarios, and demonstrate its usefulness for real-time path planning tasks.
Leucocyte Telomere Length and Glucose Tolerance Status in Mixed-Ancestry South Africans
Authors: Weale Cecil J. , Davison Glenda M. , Hon Gloudina M. , Kengne Andre P. , Erasmus Rajiv T. , Matsha Tandi E.
Published: May 2019

Telomeres are DNA-tandem repeats situated at the ends of chromosomes and are responsible for genome stabilization. They are eroded by increased cell division, age and oxidative stress with shortened leucocyte telomeres (LTL) being associated with inflammatory disorders, including Type II diabetes. We assessed LTL in 205 participants across glucose tolerance groups at baseline and after three years in the mixed ancestry population of South Africa which have been shown to have high rates of obesity and T2DM. Baseline and follow-up data included glucose tolerance status, anthropometric measurements, lipids, insulin, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), cotinine, and HbA1c. Telomere length was measured using the absolute telomere q-PCR method performed on a Bio-Rad MiniOpticon Detector. No significant difference was detected in LTL across glucose tolerance groups at both time points, including in subjects who showed a deterioration of their glucose tolerance status. There was, however, a significant negative correlation between LTL and age which was more pronounced in diabetes (r = −0.18, p = 0.04) and with GGT (r = −0.16, p = 0.027). This longitudinal study has demonstrated that LTL shortening is not evident within three years, nor is it associated with glycaemia. Further studies in a larger sample and over a longer time period is required to confirm these results.
Experiment Study of Rapid Laser Polishing of Freeform Steel Surface by Dual-Beam
Authors: Zhou Yongquan , Zhao Zhenyu , Zhang Wei , Xiao Haibing , Xu Xiaomei
Published: May 2019

One of the challenges regarding widespread use of parts made from alloy steel is their time-consuming polishing process. A rough freeform surface of part has been often expected to be polished rapidly up to a smooth surface finish. The focus of this study is to develop a fast polishing method of freeform surface by using dual-beam lasers. The dual-beam laser system consists of continuous laser (CW) and pulsed laser based on a five-axis CNC device. In this study, a series of experiments of CW laser polishing present the effects of different spot irradiation on surface topography, then the combination trajectory of zigzag and square waveform of pulsed laser is explored to realize a “melting peak for filling into valley” (MPFV) method. The polishing experiment on a semisphere of S136H steel polished by dual-beam shows that a rough semisphere surface was rapidly polished from initial state value of Sa (=877 nm) to post-polished value of Sa (=142 nm), and the polishing efficiency is as high as 2890 cm2/H.
Near-Wall Flow in Cerebral Aneurysms
Authors: Goodarzi Ardakani Vahid , Tu Xin , Gambaruto Alberto M. , Velho Iolanda , Tiago Jorge , Sequeira Adélia , Pereira Ricardo
Published: May 2019

The region where the vascular lumen meets the surrounding endothelium cell layer, hence the interface region between haemodynamics and cell tissue, is of primary importance in the physiological functions of the cardiovascular system. The functions include mass transport to/from the blood and tissue, and signalling via mechanotransduction, which are primary functions of the cardiovascular system and abnormalities in these functions are known to affect disease formation and vascular remodelling. This region is denoted by the near-wall region in the present work, and we outline simple yet effective numerical recipes to analyse the near-wall flow field. Computational haemodynamics solutions are presented for six patient specific cerebral aneurysms, at three instances in the cardiac cycle: peak systole, end systole (taken as dicrotic notch) and end diastole. A sensitivity study, based on Newtonian and non-Newtonian rheological models, and different flow rate profiles, is effected for a selection of aneurysm cases. The near-wall flow field is described by the wall shear stress (WSS) and the divergence of wall shear stress (WSSdiv), as descriptors of tangential and normal velocity components, respectively, as well as the wall shear stress critical points. Relations between near-wall and free-stream flow fields are discussed.
A Role for Lipid Mediators in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Loew Andreas , Köhnke Thomas , Rehbeil Emma , Pietzner Anne , Weylandt Karsten-H.
Published: May 2019

In spite of therapeutic improvements in the treatment of different hematologic malignancies, the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated solely with conventional induction and consolidation chemotherapy remains poor, especially in association with high risk chromosomal or molecular aberrations. Recent discoveries describe the complex interaction of immune effector cells, as well as the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in the development, maintenance and progression of AML. Lipids, and in particular omega-3 as well as omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to play a vital role as signaling molecules of immune processes in numerous benign and malignant conditions. While the majority of research in cancer has been focused on the role of lipid mediators in solid tumors, some data are showing their involvement also in hematologic malignancies. There is a considerable amount of evidence that AML cells are targetable by innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, paving the way for immune therapy approaches in AML. In this article we review the current data showing the lipid mediator and lipidome patterns in AML and their potential links to immune mechanisms.
Green Tea Ameliorates Hyperglycemia by Promoting the Translocation of Glucose Transporter 4 in the Skeletal Muscle of Diabetic Rodents
Authors: Ueda-Wakagi Manabu , Nagayasu Hironobu , Yamashita Yoko , Ashida Hitoshi
Published: May 2019

It is known that green tea helps prevent obesity and diabetes mellitus. In this study, we aimed to determine whether green tea ameliorates hyperglycemia and the mechanism involved in diabetic rodents. Green tea consumption reduced blood glucose and ameliorated glucose intolerance, which was assessed using an oral glucose tolerance test in both streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats and type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice. Green tea also reduced the plasma fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin concentrations in both models. Furthermore, it increased glucose uptake into the skeletal muscle of both model animals, which was accompanied by greater translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). Moreover, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the principal catechin in green tea, also ameliorated glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-induced obese and diabetic mice. These results suggest that green tea can ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic rodents by stimulating GLUT4-mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, and that EGCG is one of the effective compounds that mediate this effect.
Dissociation and Pain-Catastrophizing: Absorptive Detachment as a Higher-Order Factor in Control of Pain-Related Fearful Anticipations Prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)
Authors: Vogel Matthias , Krippl Martin , Frenzel Lydia , Riediger Christian , Frommer Jörg , Lohmann Christoph , Illiger Sebastian
Published: May 2019

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is the ultima-ratio therapy for knee-osteoarthritis (OA), which is a paradigmatic condition of chronic pain. A hierarchical organization may explain the reported covariation of pain-catastrophizing (PC) and dissociation, which is a trauma-related psychopathology. This study tests the hypotheses of an overlap and hierarchical organization of the two constructs, PC and dissociation, respectively, using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the Childhood Trauma Screener (CTS), a shortened version of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (FDS-20), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), the Pain-Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) in 93 participants with knee-OA and TKA. Non-parametric correlation, linear regression, and an exploratory factor analysis comprising the PCS and the FDS-20 in aggregate were run. The three factors: (1) PC factor, (2) absorptive detachment, and (3) conversion altogether explained 60% of the variance of the two scales. Dissociative factors were related to childhood trauma, and the PC-factor to knee-pain. The latter was predicted by absorptive detachment, i.e., disrupted perception interfering with the integration of trauma-related experiences possibly including invasive surgery. Absorptive detachment represents negative affectivity and is in control of pain-related anxieties (including PC). The clinical associations of trauma, psychopathology, and maladaptation after TKA may be reflections of this latent hierarchical organization of trauma-related dissociation and PC.
Fiber-Reinforced Composite Sandwich Structures by Co-Curing with Additive Manufactured Epoxy Lattices
Authors: Austermann Johannes , Redmann Alec J. , Dahmen Vera , Quintanilla Adam L. , Mecham Sue J. , Osswald Tim A.
Published: May 2019

In this paper, a new process of joining additive manufactured (AM) lattice structures and carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) to manufacture hybrid lattice sandwich structures without secondary bonding is investigated. Multiple variations of lattice structures are designed and 3D printed using Digital Light Synthesis (DLS) and a two-stage (B-stage) epoxy resin system. The resulting lattice structures are only partially cured and subsequently thermally co-cured with pre-impregnated carbon fiber reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the additive manufactured lattice structures are characterized by compressive tests. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of hybrid lattice sandwich structures are assessed by flexural beam testing. From compressive testing of the additive manufactured lattice structures, high specific strength can be ascertained. The mechanical behavior shows these lattice structures to be suitable for use as sandwich core materials. Flexural beam testing of hybrid lattice sandwich structures shows high strength and stiffness. Furthermore, the strength of the co-cured bond interface is high enough to surpass the strength of the lattice core.
Determining the Thyroid Gland Volume Causing Tracheal Compression: A Semiautomated 3D CT Volumetry Study
Authors: Binar Murat , Serindere Mehmet , Bozlar Ugur , Karahatay Serdar , Demirkapi Suat , Aydin Umit , Gokgoz Mert , Tasar Mustafa , Gerek Mustafa
Published: May 2019

Background and objectives: Increased thyroid gland volume (TV) may bring about tracheal compression, which is one of the causes of respiratory distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TV and the severity of tracheal compression independent of patients’ symptoms using semiautomated three-dimensional (3D) volumetry (S3DV) reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) scans. Cut-off TVs leading to different levels of tracheal narrowing were evaluated. Materials and Methods: One hundred sixty-three contrast-enhanced head and neck CT examinations were retrospectively assessed. TVs were measured by S3DV. The degree of tracheal compression was measured at the point where the greatest percent reduction in the cross-sectional area of the trachea adjacent to the thyroid gland was observed. To determine the severity of compression, the tracheal compression ratio (TCR) was defined (TCR = A1 (the narrowest cross-sectional area of trachea)/A2 (the largest cross-sectional area of trachea)). Results: The mean tracheal narrowing was 15% (TCR = 0.85 ± 0.15) in the study population. Patients with more than 15% tracheal compression had significantly higher TV values than those with less than 15% tracheal compression (p < 0.001). In addition, a significant correlation was found between TV and tracheal compression (p < 0.001). Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the cut-off levels for TV that predict a tracheal narrowing of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% were 19.75 mL, 21.56 mL, 24.54 mL, and 30.29 mL, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study objectively demonstrated that larger thyroid glands cause more severe compression on the trachea. The results may be helpful during the decision-making process for thyroidectomies to be performed due to compression symptoms.
Digital Design, Analysis and 3D Printing of Prosthesis Scaffolds for Mandibular Reconstruction
Authors: Moiduddin Khaja , Mian Syed Hammad , Alkhalefah Hisham , Umer Usama
Published: May 2019

Segmental mandibular reconstruction has been a challenge for medical practitioners, despite significant advances in medical technology. There is a recent trend in relation to customized implants, made up of porous structures. These lightweight prosthesis scaffolds present a new direction in the evolution of mandibular restoration. Indeed, the design and properties of porous implants for mandibular reconstruction should be able to recover the anatomy and contour of the missing region as well as restore the functions, including mastication, swallowing, etc. In this work, two different designs for customized prosthesis scaffold have been assessed for mandibular continuity. These designs have been evaluated for functional and aesthetic aspects along with effective osseointegration. The two designs classified as top and bottom porous plate and inner porous plate were designed and realized through the integration of imaging technology (computer tomography), processing software and additive manufacturing (Electron Beam Melting). In addition, the proposed designs for prosthesis scaffolds were analyzed for their biomechanical properties, structural integrity, fitting accuracy and heaviness. The simulation of biomechanical activity revealed that the scaffold with top and bottom porous plate design inherited lower Von Mises stress (214.77 MPa) as compared to scaffold design with inner porous plate design (360.22 MPa). Moreover, the top and bottom porous plate design resulted in a better fit with an average deviation of 0.8274 mm and its structure was more efficiently interconnected through the network of channels without any cracks or powder material. Verily, this study has demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the customized porous titanium implants in mandibular reconstruction. Notice that the design and formation of the porous implant play a crucial role in restoring the desired mandibular performance.
Host–Microbe Interactions and Gut Health in Poultry—Focus on Innate Responses
Authors: Broom Leon J.
Published: May 2019

Commercial poultry are continually exposed to, frequently pathogenic, microorganisms, usually via mucosal surfaces such as the intestinal mucosa. Thus, understanding host–microbe interactions is vital. Many of these microorganisms may have no or limited contact with the host, while most of those interacting more meaningfully with the host will be dealt with by the innate immune response. Fundamentally, poultry have evolved to have immune responses that are generally appropriate and adequate for their acquired microbiomes, although this is challenged by commercial production practices. Innate immune cells and their functions, encompassing inflammatory responses, create the context for neutralising the stimulus and initiating resolution. Dysregulated inflammatory responses can be detrimental but, being a highly conserved biological process, inflammation is critical for host defence. Heterogeneity and functional plasticity of innate immune cells is underappreciated and offers the potential for (gut) health interventions, perhaps including exogenous opportunities to influence immune cell metabolism and thus function. New approaches could focus on identifying and enhancing decisive but less harmful immune processes, improving the efficiency of innate immune cells (e.g., targeted, efficient microbial killing) and promoting phenotypes that drive resolution of inflammation. Breeding strategies and suitable exogenous interventions offer potential solutions to enhance poultry gut health, performance and welfare.
Floc-Flotation of Malachite Fines with an Octyl Hydroxamate and Kerosene Mixture
Authors: Li Zhili , Rao Feng , Lou Xiaoming , Song Shaoxian , López-Valdivieso Alejandro
Published: May 2019

Malachite fines are easily produced in the grinding process, leading to low malachite flotation recovery. Floc-flotation of malachite fines with an octyl hydroxamate and kerosene mixture was studied to improve the flotation recovery, using microflotation, microscopy image observations, contact angle measurements, and Extended Derjguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (EDLVO) analysis. The results showed that the addition of octyl hydroxamate as an emulsifier of kerosene enhanced the aggregation of malachite fines and improved malachite flotation recovery. In addition, when kerosene droplets were smaller and of uniform size distribution, the spreading of kerosene droplets on the malachite surface improved. The enhanced spreading of kerosene droplets led to higher coverage of kerosene on the malachite surface, resulting in improved hydrophobic aggregation and flotation recovery.
Application of Data Analytics Techniques to Establish Geometallurgical Relationships to Bond Work Index at the Paracutu Mine, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Bhuiyan Mahadi , Esmaieli Kamran , Ordóñez-Calderón Juan C.
Published: May 2019

Analysis of geometallurgical data is essential to building geometallurgical models that capture physical variability in the orebody and can be used for the optimization of mine planning and the prediction of milling circuit performance. However, multivariate complexity and compositional data constraints can make this analysis challenging. This study applies unsupervised and supervised learning to establish relationships between the Bond ball mill work index (BWI) and geomechanical, geophysical and geochemical variables for the Paracatu gold orebody. The regolith and fresh rock geometallurgical domains are established from two cluster sets resulting from K-means clustering of the first three principal component (PC) scores of isometric log-ratio (ilr) coordinates of geochemical data and standardized BWI, geomechanical and geophysical data. The first PC is attributed to weathering and reveals a strong relationship between BWI and rock strength and fracture intensity in the regolith. Random forest (RF) classification of BWI in the fresh rock identifies the greater importance of geochemical ilr balances relative to geomechanical and geophysical variables.
Characterization and Economic Potential of Historic Tailings from Gravity Separation: Implications from a Mine Waste Dump (Pb-Ag) in the Harz Mountains Mining District, Germany
Authors: Kuhn Kerstin , Meima Jeannet A.
Published: May 2019

In contrast to modern tailings from froth flotation, little is known about historic tailings from gravity separation. However, they may be of economic interest due to their higher metal grades compared to modern tailings. As an example for these types of historic tailings, the inner structure, as well as the economic potential (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Sb), of the old Bergwerkswohlfahrt mine waste dump in Germany were studied. The investigations focused on textural, geochemical, and mineralogical properties. For this purpose, an extensive drilling program was undertaken. The drill cores were subsequently analyzed with a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) core scanner to obtain the detailed spatial distribution of potentially valuable elements. The fine-sized residues could be differentiated into different layers, all of them including valuable metals in varying proportions. The strong variations in stratification and in metal distribution over short distances are caused by the batch-wise deposition of the tailings. This heterogeneity within short distances has to be taken into account for future exploration of these types of deposits. The application of a core scanner using LIBS is very convenient for detailed spatial analysis of drill cores, however, the calibration effort, particularly for heterogeneous sample material, is proportionally large. The valuable metal content for Bergwerkswohlfahrt was estimated to be 8000 metric tons of Pb and 610,000 ounces of Ag. Although of limited economic value, recycling might finance future remediation costs. Furthermore, the occurrence of historic tailings in nearby clusters may present further recycling opportunities.
Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed [4+2] Annulation via C-H Activation: Synthesis of Multi-Substituted Naphthalenone Sulfoxonium Ylides
Authors: Song Xiaohan , Han Xu , Zhang Rui , Liu Hong , Wang Jiang
Published: May 2019

A convenient Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation and cascade [4+2] annulation for the synthesis of naphthalenone sulfoxonium ylides has been developed. This method features perfect regioselectivity, mild and redox-neutral reaction conditions, and broad substrate tolerance with good to excellent yields. Preliminary mechanistic experiments were conducted and a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed. The new type naphthalenone sulfoxonium ylides could be further transformed into multi-substituted naphthols, which demonstrates the practical utility of this methodology.
Combined Minimum-Run Resolution IV and Central Composite Design for Optimized Removal of the Tetracycline Drug Over Metal–Organic Framework-Templated Porous Carbon
Authors: Tran Thuan Van , Nguyen Duyen Thi Cam , Le Hanh T. N. , Bach Long Giang , Vo Dai-Viet N. , Lim Kwon Taek , Nong Linh Xuan , Nguyen Trinh Duy
Published: May 2019

In this study, a minimum-run resolution IV and central composite design have been developed to optimize tetracycline removal efficiency over mesoporous carbon derived from the metal-organic framework MIL-53 (Fe) as a self-sacrificial template. Firstly, minimum-run resolution IV, powered by the Design–Expert program, was used as an efficient and reliable screening study for investigating a set of seven factors, these were: tetracycline concentration (A: 5–15 mg/g), dose of mesoporous carbons (MPC) (B: 0.05–0.15 g/L), initial pH level (C: 2–10), contact time (D: 1–3 h), temperature (E: 20–40 °C), shaking speed (F: 150–250 rpm), and Na+ ionic strength (G: 10–90 mM) at both low (−1) and high (+1) levels, for investigation of the data ranges. The 20-trial model was analyzed and assessed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) data, and diagnostic plots (e.g., the Pareto chart, and half-normal and normal probability plots). Based on minimum-run resolution IV, three factors, including tetracycline concentration (A), dose of MPC (B), and initial pH (C), were selected to carry out the optimization study using a central composite design. The proposed quadratic model was found to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level due to a low P-value (<0.05), high R2 (0.9078), and the AP ratio (11.4), along with an abundance of diagnostic plots (3D response surfaces, Cook’s distance, Box-Cox, DFFITS, Leverage versus run, residuals versus runs, and actual versus predicted). Under response surface methodology-optimized conditions (e.g., tetracycline concentration of 1.9 mg/g, MPC dose of 0.15 g/L, and pH level of 3.9), the highest tetracycline removal efficiency via confirmation tests reached up to 98.0%–99.7%. Also, kinetic intraparticle diffusion and isotherm models were systematically studied to interpret how tetracycline molecules were absorbed on an MPC structure. In particular, the adsorption mechanisms including “electrostatic attraction” and “π–π interaction” were proposed.
Biphenyl-Bridged Organosilica as a Precursor for Mesoporous Silicon Oxycarbide and Its Application in Lithium and Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Weinberger Manuel , Su Po-Hua , Peterlik Herwig , Lindén Mika , Wohlfahrt-Mehrens Margret
Published: May 2019

Silicon oxycarbides (SiOC) are an interesting alternative to state-of-the-art lithium battery anode materials, such as graphite, due to potentially higher capacities and rate capabilities. Recently, it was also shown that this class of materials shows great prospects towards sodium ion batteries. Yet, bulk SiOCs are still severely restricted with regard to their electrochemical performance. In the course of this work, a novel and facile strategy towards the synthesis of mesoporous and carbon-rich SiOC will be presented. To achieve this goal, 4,4′-bis(triethoxysilyl)-1,1′-biphenyl was sol–gel processed in the presence of the triblock copolymer Pluronic P123. After the removal of the surfactant using Soxhlet extraction the organosilica material was subsequently carbonized under an inert gas atmosphere at 1000 °C. The resulting black powder was able to maintain all structural features and the porosity of the initial organosilica precursor making it an interesting candidate as an anode material for both sodium and lithium ion batteries. To get a detailed insight into the electrochemical properties of the novel material in the respective battery systems, electrodes from the nanostructured SiOC were studied in half-cells with galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. It will be shown that nanostructuring of SiOC is a viable strategy in order to outperform commercially applied competitors.
“Charming Sorcerers” or “Soldiers of Satan”? Witchcraft and Magic in the Eyes of Protestant/Calvinist Preachers in Early Modern Hungary
Authors: Sz. Kristof Ildiko
Published: May 2019

The present study is the translation of Chapter 3 of the book of Ildikó Sz. Kristóf, entitled “Ördögi mesterséget nem cselekedtem.” A boszorkányüldözés társadalmi és kulturális háttere a kora újkori Debrecenben és Bihar vármegyében (“I have not done any diabolic deeds.” The Social and Cultural Foundation of Witch-Hunting in Early Modern Debrecen and Bihar County) published in Debrecen, Hungary in 1998. The book examined the witch-hunting in Bihar county and its largest city, the headquarters of the Calvinist church in Eastern Hungary between 1575 and 1766. During this period, 217 trials were conducted against 303 accused, and the book explored the social and religious foundations of the accusations. The witch-hunts in Bihar county were of rather small size (1–3 accused per annum) and intensity. A possible explanation for this relative mildness could be provided by a complex consideration of legal, religious, and local social circumstances. Chapter 3, published here in English, discusses Hungarian Calvinist demonology which remained rather sceptical about the concepts of diabolical witchcraft (e.g., the “covenant” or pact with the devil, the witches’ attendance at regular meetings (sabbath), etc.) throughout the early modern era. The author has studied several Calvinist treatises of theology published between the late 16th and the early 18th century by the printing press of Debrecen, those, for example, of Péter Mélius (1562), Tamás Félegyházi (1579), Péter Margitai Láni (1617), János Kecskeméti Alexis (1621), Mátyás Nógrádi (1651), Johannes Mediomontanus (1656), Pál Csehi (1656), István Diószegi Kis (1679; 1681), Gellért Kabai Bodor (1678) and Imre Pápai Páriz (1719). According to her findings, Calvinist demonology, although regarded the wordly interventions of the devil of limited scope (excepting, perhaps, the Puritans of the 1650s/1680s), urged the expurgation of the various forms of everyday magic from urban and village life. The suspicion of witchcraft fell especially on the practitioners of benevolent magic (popular healers/”wise women”, midwives, fortune-tellers, etc.) who were presumed to challenge and offend divine providence. The official religious considerations sometimes seem to have coincided with folk beliefs and explanations of misfortune concerning, among others, the plague epidemic in which witchcraft played an important role.
BFE Model—Business, Family and Environment—As Subsystems of the Family-Owned Business in Mexico City Metropolitan Area
Authors: de la Cruz Vicente Omar , López Castro Verónica , Mata Mata Leovardo , Tomé Bermejo Fernando
Published: May 2019

This work proposes a model starting from the Three-Circle Model, based on the reality of the small and medium-sized family business sector in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. The present paper proposes a new model that was built based on the Three Circle Model, but it is based on the reality of the Small and Medium Mexican family business sector. The model does not include the Ownership Subsystem, but it includes the Environment Subsystem, a subsystem that has a vital influence on the life and performance of an organization of that size. These three subsystems intersect in common elements such as culture, economy or company vision, triggering the success or failure of the company itself. The methodology used was a mixed methodology, with both qualitative and quantitative elements. First, the Delphi method was used on a scale that was applied to 25 owners of Small and Medium Enterprises and then, to make an additional confirmation, hypothesis testing, factorial analysis and the technique of structural equations were used. It was seen that the ownership subsystem has a lower weight than the business, environment and family subsystems, is the least relevant.
Device-Assessed Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Canadians with Chronic Disease(s): Findings from the Canadian Health Measures Survey
Authors: Hains-Monfette Gabriel , Atoui Sarah , Needham Dancause Kelsey , Bernard Paquito
Published: May 2019

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors (SB) are major determinants of quality of life in adults with one or more chronic disease(s). The aim of this study is to compare objectively measured physical activity and SB in a representative sample of Canadian adults with and without chronic disease(s). The Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) (2007–2013) was used in this study. Daily time spent in physical activities and sedentary behaviors were assessed by an accelerometer in Canadians aged 35–79 years. Data are characterized as daily mean time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), steps accumulated per day and SB. Chronic diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, heart diseases, cancer) were assessed via self-report diagnostic or laboratory data. Weighted multivariable analyses of covariance comparing physical activity and SB variables among adults without and with chronic disease(s) were conducted; 6270 participants were included. Analyses indicated that 23.9%, 4.9% and 0.5% had one, two, and three or more chronic diseases. Adults with two and more chronic diseases had significantly lower daily duration of MVPA and LPA, daily step counts, and higher daily duration of SB compared to adults without chronic diseases. Interventions targeting physical activity improvement and SB reduction might be beneficial for Canadian multimorbid adults.
Teologi dan Etika Politik Dalam Gereja di Zaman Post-Modern
Authors: Wowor Alter I
Published: May 2019

Humans are essentially human politics (zoon politikon), so that all the dynamics of human life must always be related to politics, both as a political subject and as an object driven by politics itself. It can be clearly stated that the dynamics of human life in a country must be in circulation of the subject and object at once. Ideally, whether it is entrusted as a political leader or as a society controlled by politics itself, both are political subjects. That is, those who are entrusted with directing and regulating state politics are clearly a subject that always deals with politics in a concrete way, but the general public is also a subject, meaning that all aspects of life and community activities influence the political world both directly and indirectly, or with in other words it can be said that every activity of the community both in the world of education, religion, social, law, etc. is a political responsibility to organize, control, and direct all aspects of life for the common good, so that briefly it can be said that society is the determinant politics itself and as a function of political control, both directly and indirectly. AbstrakManusia pada hakikatnya adalah manusia politik (zoon politikon), sehingga seluruh dinamika kehidupan manusia pasti selalu berkenaan dengan politik, baik sebagai subjek yang berpolitik maupun sebagai objek yang digerakan oleh politik itu sendiri. Dengan jelas dapat dikatakan bahwa dinamika kehidupan manusia dalam suatu negara pasti berada dalam sirkulasi subjek dan objek sekaligus. Idealnya, baik yang dipercayakan sebagai pemimpin politik maupun sebagai masyarakat yang dikendalikan oleh politik itu sendiri, keduanya adalah subjek (pelaku) politik. Artinya, mereka yang dipercayakan mengarahkan dan mengatur politik negara jelas adalah subjek yang selalu bergelut dengan politik secara konkret , akan tetapi masyarakat umum juga adalah subjek, artinya segala aspek kehidupan dan aktivitas masyarakat membawa pengaruh bagi dunia politik baik  secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, atau dengan kata lain dapat dikatakan bahwa setiap aktivitas masyarakat baik dalam dunia pendidikan, agama, sosial, hukum, dan lain sebagainya menjadi tanggung jawab politik untuk menata, mengendalikan, dan mengarahkan semua aspek kehidupan tersebut demi kebaikan bersama, sehingga dengan singkat dapat dikatakan bahwa masyarakat adalah penentu politik itu sendiri dan sebagai fungsi kontrol politik, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung.
Teologi Tentang Berpacaran Menurut Amsal 30:18-19
Authors: Saragih Eliyansen
Published: May 2019

Dating is an irresistible phenomenon in today's youth life. Actually, dating is a way that brings youth in two directions, towards a good or bad life. Therefore all parties in the community must be wise to anticipate. Proverbs 30: 18-19 can be a theological basis for the phenomenon of dating. Interestingly, numerical poetry in this text can give direction about relationships between young men and women. In this text, we can see that poems direct all audiences through observing the movements of objects in nature, can observe the essence of the formation of relations between men and women. Practically, this text can be applied to equip young people in anticipating the phenomenon of dating. Every young couple who is committed to dating must be equipped with this theological basis, so that their lives can be constantly built physically, mentally and spiritually. To apply the text of the Proverbs 30: 18-19 is an attempt to answer it.Abstrak: Bepacaran adalah fenomena yang tak tertahankan dalam kehidupan remaja saat ini. Berpacaran adalah cara yang membawa kehidupan remaja ke dua arah, menuju kehidupan yang baik atau buruk. Semua pihak dalam masyarakat harus bijak mengantisipasinya. Amsal 30:18-19 dapat menjadi dasar teologis untuk fenomena berpacaran. Menariknya, sejumlah puisi dalam teks ini memberikan arahan tentang hubungan antara pria dan wanita. Dalam teks ini dapat dilihat bahwa penyair mengarahkan pembaca dengan mengamati pergerakan benda-benda di alam yang dapat menjadi dasar dari pembentukan hubungan antara pria dan wanita. Secara praktis, teks ini dapat diterapkan untuk memperlengkapi kaum muda dalam mengantisipasi fenomena berpacaran. Setiap pasangan remaja yang berkomitmen untuk berpacaran harus dilengkapi dengan dasar teologis ini, sehingga kehidupan mereka dapat terus dibangun secara fisik, mental dan spiritual. Menerapkan teks Amsal 30:18-19 merupakan upaya untuk menjawabnya.
Memaknai Iconography Kristen dari Perspektif Keluaran 20:4-6
Authors: Lola James Anderson
Published: May 2019

The presence of statues in the Church has led a debate in various aspects of life, one of the issues raised is related to the commandments in God's ten commandments not to make statues and to worship the statue (Exodus 20: 4-6; Deut. 5: 8-10; Lev. 19: 4). As much as possible, this study wants to see how this statue relates to the second commandment of ten laws. In the hermeneutic approach, the researcher found that the meaning of this command was to clearly reject the establishment of a statue that was used to personalize divinity especially believed to be a manifestation of God himself.Abstraksi: Kehadiran patung dalam Gereja telah menimbulkan pro dan kontra dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, salah satu isu yang dimunculkan adalah berkaitan dengan salah satu perintah dalam sepuluh perintah Allah untuk tidak membuat patung dan sujud menyembah patung tersebut (Keluaran 20:4-6, bandingkan Ul. 5:8-10; Im.19:4). Penelitian ini sedapat mungkin ingin melihat bagaimana hubungan patung ini dengan perintah kedua dari sepuluh hukum. Dalam pendekatan hermenutik, peneliti menemukan  bahwa makna dari perintah  ini adalah dengan jelas menolak pendirian patung yang digunakan untuk mempersonafikasikan keillahian apalagi dipercaya sebagai wujud dari Allah itu sendiri
Pengaruh Faktor Motivasi Kerja Ditinjau dari Aspek Finansial, Lingkungan Kerja dan Penghargaan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Biro Kepegawaian Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Anwar Mahfuzil
Published: May 2019

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of motivational factors through the financial aspects, Work Environment and employee performance appraisals, the Civil Service Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of South Kalimantan Province. The hypothesis put forward is a hypothesis I, Simultaneously Finance, Working Environment Award and affect the performance of employees in the Civil Service Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of South Kalimantan Province. Hypothesis II partial financial aspect is more dominant influence on the performance of employees in the Civil Service Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of South Kalimantan Province. Through a questionnaire submitted to the respondent on the financial aspects with 20 items of questions, aspects of the work environment with 11 items of questions, and aspects of the awards with 9 items of questions, with three alternative answers a, b and c with a score of 3.2, and 1. The questionnaire performance with 16 items of questions and respondents as many as 102 people. The results showed that the hypothesis I stating together the financial aspects, work environment and rewards affect the performance of employees at the Civil Service Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of South Kalimantan Province, is acceptable. Hypothesis II stating financial has more dominant influence on the performance of employees in the Civil Service Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of South Kalimantan Provinceconvicted.Keywords: Finance, working environment, and Performance Award