bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The peculiarities of the development of religious and pilgrimage tourism in North Macedonia
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Tepliuk Oleksandr
Published: April 2023

In this article, the problems and perspectives of the development of tourism in North Macedonia were researched on the example of religious and pilgrimage tourism. During the research the modern state of development of tourism in North Macedonia was examined. The issue of the pandemic impact on the tourism industry in North Macedonia was raised and supported by statistical data with comparative analysis. The main theoretical principles of the formation and functioning of religious and pilgrimage tourism as a modern scientific direction of research were briefly described. The connection between religious tourism and history was established, the religious events and objects were systemized, that include the touristic product of this type of tourism. To understand better which potential tourists can North Macedonia attract, the religious composition of the population was analyzed. Then the Orthodox historical and cultural heritage of the country was examined at the context of religious tourism, that was presented by many monasteries. Within this work there wasn’t any purpose to show all the Orthodox shrines of North Macedonia that were involved in religious and pilgrimage tourism. Though there was a purpose only to introduce some of them, that gives the potential tourists a possibility to see the unique culture of this small, but cozy and hospitable country by themselves. The main touristic objects within the framework of the religiously pilgrimage tourism were described, such as the Church of Saint Panteleimon, Saint Jovan Bigorski Monastery, the Monastery of Saint Naum. Also were described their architectural features, location and their history of creation, and the recommendations for the tourists for visiting these saint places were given. The consideration of religious tourism as a phenomenon and the perspectives of its development are reflected in the works of S. P. Kuzyk, O. O. Lyubitseva, M. H. Kazmyrchuk, N. I. Konischeva, T. I. Bozhuk, etc. Still there aren’t enough complex works where the attention would be paid to the development of the religious tourism, on the example of a certain foreign country. That’s the reason why this article is rather actual and it has an intention to give a boost to the research of the religious and pilgrimage tourism in the other countries of Europe and the world.
Scientific activity of Mykhailo Hrushevskyi in Ukrainian historiography: known and little known. Review of the book by N. I. Romantsova «Mykhailo Hrushevskyi in historical science (1890–1934). A problem in Ukrainian historiography. Monograph. Mariupol: MDU, 2019. 528 p.»
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Kapeliushnyi Valerii , Pylypenko Viktor ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: April 2023

The authors reviewed the book by N. I. Romantsova «Mykhailo Hrushevskyi in Historical Science (1890–1934). A problem in Ukrainian historiography». The relevance of the research, its purpose, scientific novelty, and structure are characterized. The authors concluded that the peer-reviewed monograph makes a positive impression, and the research, creative and analytical work carried out by N. Romantsova deserves a favorable assessment and is a significant contribution to the domestic historical science.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Silica Gel Applied as a Tool for Capture and Detection of Compressor Lubricant Oils
Authors: Yamamoto Morassuti Claudio , Lima Sandro Marcio , Da Cunha Andrade Luis Humberto
Published: April 2023

Here, we report the use of fluorescence spectroscopy for the identification of lubricant oils used in reciprocating compressors, and the use of silica gel as an adsorbent to capture lubricant oil vapors. The silica gel was tested for adsorption of lubricant oil vapors, by heating the samples at 200°C, the emission spectrum of the lubricant oils is observed on the silica gel layer, over 20 min of heating. The spectrum of the lubricant oils over the silica gel layer presents a redshift, an indication of the degradation effect. In order to investigate this effect on the optical properties, we conducted an experiment by heating the samples at (130 ± 4) °C, and collected at different times. The MID-infrared absorption of the samples presents bands of oxygen-containing groups at 1010 and 1050 cm-1, and NIR infrared absorption measurements at 3444 cm-1 show an increase in the hydroperoxide band during the degradation time. These two results indicate that the oxidation process is associated with the observed redshift of the absorption and emission bands in lubricant oils and over the adsorbent layer.
Cytotoxic Activity of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. Essential Oil in Tumor Cell Lines and its Role in Associated Death Mechanisms
Authors: Moro Isabela Jacob , Carvalho Flavio Alexandre , Moreira Thais Fernanda , Souza Felipe de Oliveira , Silva Alexander Alves da , Politi Flávio , Soares Christiane Pienna , Santos André Gonzaga dos
Published: April 2023

This study evaluated the potential of Baccharis trimera essential oil (EO) and its components in cancer therapy through the application of cytotoxicity and cell death assays. Using gas chromatography analysis, the major components of the aerial parts of the essential oil were identified as (E)-caryophyllene (18.9%), bicyclogermacrene (15.6%), and germacrene D (10.5%). Baccharis trimera essential oil (5.8 μg/mL) and α-humulene (7.8 μg/mL) presented strong cytotoxic activity, while (E)-caryophyllene (11.5 μg/mL) and caryophyllene oxide (> 100.0 μg/mL) showed moderate and low activities, respectively, against MCF-7 cell lines. Against HepG2 cell lines, B. trimera essential oil (10.4 μg/mL), α-humulene (17.1 μg/mL), and caryophyllene oxide (19.4 μg/mL) exhibited moderate activity, while (E)-caryophyllene (52.3 μg/mL) displayed low activity against HepG2 cell lines. The selectivity index values of EO (MCF-7 and HepG2), α-humulene and (E)-caryophyllene (MCF-7), and caryophyllene oxide (HepG2) were found between 1.1 and 2.8, compared with MCF-10A cells. The annexin-V and Hoechst / propidium iodide assays performed with essential oil, (E)-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and caryophyllene oxide showed apoptosis and necrosis mechanisms for all cell lines. Based on these findings, B. trimera essential oil and its components can be considered as potential therapeutic agents against cancer.
Chemistry of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Brazil’s Protagonism in the Fight Against HIV/AIDS: Exploring the Theme with High School Seniors
Authors: Ladeira Mateus , Miranda Mayker
Published: April 2023

The Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection consists in using antiretroviral medicine before sexual exposure to the virus to decrease probability of infection. The PrEP is capable of preventing the virus infection and promoting a healthier sexual life. Brazil has been a reference in HIV treatment not only because it was the first country in Latin America to offer free antiretroviral treatment to virus carriers but also because it participated in the Initiative in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (iPrEP), a study that was carried out in several countries worldwide and proved effectiveness of the PrEP. Medication distributed by the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) is quite unknown to the population. To mitigate current proliferation of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and increase in pregnancy cases among adolescents, sexual orientation has been intensified in schools and, thus, it has also become their responsibility, rather than parents’ responsibility alone. Therefore, this study aimed at carrying out dynamic and dialogic interventions about the PrEP in classes taught to High School seniors who attend technical courses in Commerce and in Development of Digital Games at the Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro - Campus Uberlândia Centro, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. A dialogical Chemistry class was taught to show students several images and chemical structures of active ingredients found in the medication (PrEP). Besides, students answered a questionnaire with open questions anonymously to evaluate the effect of the class on their learning about sexual education, HIV/AIDS and, mainly, the PrEP. Students showed much interest in the tasks and interacted positively. Results of the questionnaire enabled to observe students’ increase in knowledge about the PrEP. In sum, this study enabled the PrEP to be better disseminated, since doubts were mitigated.
A comparison of the diagnostic capabilities of the ratio of acceleration time to total left ventricular ejection time (AT/ET) in determining the severity of aortic stenosis in patients with bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valve: retrospective comparative study
Authors: Bazylev Vladlen V. , Babukov Ruslan M. , Bartosh Fedor L. , Levina Alena V. , Mikulyаk Artur I.
Published: April 2023

Objective. We aimed to compare the diagnostic capabilities of the ratio of acceleration time to total left ventricular ejection time (AT/ET) in determining the severity of aortic stenosis (AS) in patients with bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valves (AV).
Material and methods. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 187 patients with moderate and severe AS who underwent diagnostic examination at the Penza Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether their AV was tricuspid or bicuspid. Visual assessment of the AV structure was performed using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). In indeterminate cases, computed tomography was used for the assessment.
Results. A comparative analysis of the echocardiographic characteristics of patients with tricuspid and bicuspid AV did not reveal a statistically significant difference between the patient groups (p 0.05). Linear regression analysis in patients with a tricuspid AV demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between AT/ET scores and peak gradient (Gmax) (r=0.68, р=0.03), mean gradient (Gmean) (r=0.78, р=0.01), effective orifice area (EOA) (r=0.7, р=0.03), and doppler velocity index (DVI) scores (r=0.72, р=0.02). In patients with a bicuspid AV, a similarly significant correlation was found between the AT/ET index and Gmax (r=0.67, р=0.02), Gmean (r=0.8, р 0.001), EOA (r=0.72, р=0.04), and DVI (r=0.75, р=0.01). The receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated a high predictive ability of AT/ET for severe aortic valve stenosis (with a value 0.35). The area under the curve in patients with tricuspid and bicuspid AV was 84 (p 0.001) and 86 (p 0.001), respectively. For determining severe AV stenosis in patients with a tricuspid AV, the sensitivity and specificity of AT/ET 0.35 was 84% and 75%, respectively; and in patients with a bicuspid AV, it was 87% and 78%, respectively.
Conclusion. The AT/ET ratio has comparable diagnostic capabilities in determining severe AS in patients with tricuspid and bicuspid AV structures. The AT/ET 0.35 is a highly sensitive parameter for defining severe AS for both morphologies of AV.
Lactoferrin Influence on the Course of Suppurative Corneal Ulcer
Authors: Kolesnikov A. V. , Nemtsova E. R. , Shishkin M. M. , Shchul’kin A. V. , Barenina O. I. , Kirsanova I. V.
Published: April 2023

Research justification. Corneal ulcer is a common corneal pathology dangerous because of its complications, which occur in 2.5–37.9 % of cases despite modern treatment. Thus, the development of novel methods improving the results of corneal ulcer treatment is very important.

Research objective was to evaluate the efficacy of lactoferrin-based therapy for experimental suppurative corneal ulcer.

Material and methods. The study was performed in male chinchilla rabbits. Three intact rabbits (6 eyes) were used as control animals. Staphylococcus suppurative corneal ulcer was modeled in both eyes of 63 experimental animals. These rabbits were randomized into three groups. The first group was administered placebo therapy, the second group received antibacterial therapy, and the third group — instillations of lactoferrin. The area of ulcerative lesion was used as the measure of the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment. Then, a histological study was performed, and microsamples were photographed with LOMO TC-500 digital camera (Russia).

Results. Lactoferrin instillations resulted in reliable increase in the number of transfers from infiltration stage to epithelization stage, decrease in the percentage of ulcerations, and in the proportion of critical thinning of the cornea, as well as decrease in the proportion of perforations. However, it was noticed that lactoferrin treatment when continued after the end of epithelization process resulted in excessive formation of opaque scar tissue.

Conclusion. Local administration of lactoferrin stimulates the epithelium regeneration and the formation of the connective tissue and thus prevents the development of complications of suppurative corneal ulcer. However, the identified excessive formation of opaque scar tissue in lactoferrin treatment lasting too long has to be taken into consideration when developing the optimal scheme for lactoferrin treatment.
Boredom in the workplace and its relationship to life satisfaction among recreation and leisure professionals
Authors:   Eastern Mennonite University, Faculty of Business & Leadership, Harrisonburg, VA, USA, Lee Joohyun , Wetzel Zack ,   Tallahassee-Leon County Geographic Information System, Tallahassee, FL, USA
Published: April 2023

This study examined the relationship between job boredom and life satisfaction among recreation and leisure professionals. Data was collected from 346 members of Florida Recreation and Parks Association. A set of regression analyses were used to find out if job boredom improved the prediction of life satisfaction and differences in demographic variables among recreation and leisure professionals. The findings suggest that job boredom is a negative predictor of life satisfaction. Recreational professionals who experience boredom at work were less likely to be satisfied in their lives. Age and years in the recreation profession were significantly related to job boredom of recreation and leisure professionals. Older and more experienced professionals were less likely to get bored at the workplace than younger and less experienced ones. Suggestions were made based on the results of the study. It is implied that administrators may develop appropriate decisions to reduce job boredom levels, increase job satisfaction, and improve individuals’ life satisfaction by examining which employees feel boredom in the workplace.
A global perspective on cervical cancer screening: a literature review
Authors: Rauf Lubna , Eid Ahmed , Hamed Ehab
Published: April 2023

Cervical cancer is a significant health issue for women globally, with over 600,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths in 2020. Effective cervical screening programs, including primary screening methods such as Pap tests, human papillomaviruses (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) testing, and liquid-based cytology, can prevent and detect early cancer cases, improving morbidity and mortality rates. However, screening uptake varies widely across countries, with high-income countries have achieved over 70% uptake but low- and middle-income countries lagging due to a lack of recommendations and centralised screening systems. Even in high-income countries in the Middle East, uptake remains low, requiring further investigation. This review explores barriers to screening programme delivery and highlights centralised and multi-level interventions that have proven effective worldwide. Future research should focus on culturally sensitive approaches, healthcare infrastructure strengthening, and community education and outreach programs to address uptake disparities and barriers.
A cross-sectional survey on violation of cigarettes and other tobacco products act around education institutions in Puducherry
Authors: Chellamuthu Lalithambigai , J. Jenifer Florence Mary , G. Kiruba Shankar
Published: April 2023

Background: India is the second-largest tobacco consumer in the world and is responsible for around 1.3 million deaths every year. To achieve tobacco control amongst youth, it is essential that there should be strict enforcement of cigarettes and other tobacco products act (COTPA) in the vicinity of educational institutions. Objectives were to measure the violation of COTPA section 4 and 6 in Puducherry.
Methods: An observational survey on COTPA violation was conducted over a period of three months in Puducherry among 300 educational institutions and tobacco point of sale (PoS). Two-stage sampling technique was used. Epicollectv5 incorporating the observational checklist was employed for data capturing and analysis was done with SPSSv24. The institute’s ethics committee approval was obtained.
Results: 145 (48.3%) violated section 6b. Violation of section 6a was observed in the form of tobacco products sale by minors in 1 (0.7%) and tobacco products sale to minors in 58 (40%) amongst those 145 tobacco PoSs. Only 32 (10.7%) educational institutions complied to statutory display of “No smoking signage” board at the entrance of the educational institutions as per COTPA section 4. Active smoking was noticed within 100 meters radius in in nearly half of the institutions i.e., 133 (44.3%).
Conclusions: This study showed that implementation of COTPA sections 4 and 6 in Puducherry to be deficient. It will need a concerted effort from all parties involved, including the police, educational institutions, and the local community to enforce strict implementation of the legislation for tobacco control.
Partial endodontic procedure..boom!!
Authors: Teja Kanike Keerthi Viswa , R Purushotham , M.R Samrat , R Sujith , G Kavita
Published: April 2023

Teeth which are extensively destructed coronally are usually treated with root canal therapy and reinforced by placement of post in the root canals, no matter if the tooth is still vital or not. This case report presents two cases of coronal pulpotomy using PRF and BiodentineTM in mature permanent teeth which were extensively destructed by caries. The intra oral periapical radiograph illustrated a deep carious lesion extended almost to the pulp. After caries excavation under rubber dam isolation, the exposed pulp tissue was amputated to the level of the canal orifice with a new sterile bur. PRF followed by BiodentineTM was placed as the pulp capping agent after haemostasis was obtained and temporary restoration was placed. The clinical signs and symptoms were relieved after the procedure. After 15 days, the temporary restoration was removed and a GIC restoration was placed over the BiodentineTM as an interim restoration. At 12 months follow-up, the teeth were asymptomatic. The choice of Endo-crown prosthesis was made for coronal rehabilitation of extensively destructed teeth. This kind of partial endodontic procedure in mature permanent teeth with extensively destructed coronal tooth structure can revive the teeth to their normal function by maintaining the vitality and proprioception of the teeth.
What is «Legal Populism»?
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Mokshin G. N.
Published: April 2023

In this article the author investigates and analyses the content of the notion «legal populism». He makes personal stuff of legal populist precise. A new typology of legal populist thought is proposed. Different points of view of scientists on the theme are analyzed.
The Ideology of Neo-populist Parties: Disagreements in Policy and Tactics between Socialist-Revolutionaries and National Socialists
Authors:   Saratov State University, Nazarov V. V.
Published: April 2023

In this article we study disagreements in policy and tactics that arose between the parties of Socialist-Revolutionaries and National socialists. These disagreements involved the development problems of agrarian sector, some differences in understanding of social and political structure of Russian society and the attitude to political terror. The major conclusion of the article is the following: disagreements in policy and tactics of neo-populists prevented them from formulating common ideology. The conflict appeared to be so deep that in many aspects it led to the separation of two close parties and resulted in actual conversion of National socialists to liberal political forces.
A Woman as a Personality, Ruler and a Wife in «The Legend of Good Women» by G. Chaucer (Hypsipyla and Medea)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Starostina I. Y.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the problem for studying some questions of the actual gender history, such as the peculiarity of the woman’s description and her behavior inside the public and private life on the basis of the material of G. Chaucer’s (English poet of the XIV’th century) poem, which «The Legend of good women» is. Today this source is weakly studied in the Russian historiography. A woman is described in three points of view: as a personality, a ruler and a wife. According to this research of woman’s perception we should conclude the next one: Chaucer is interested in the description of woman’s image as a wife, lesser as a mother (that is inside the private life). Simultaneously the source gives a possibility to reveal Chaucer’s ideas about the personality.
French Journalism about Russia 60-ies of the XIX Century: Charle de Mazad’s Works in Essays and Opinions
Authors:   Saratov State University, Khanmurzin R. R.
Published: April 2023

A short review of publicistic works of Charles de Mazade on Russia and Russian publicists’ and public figures’ comments is given in the article. On the basis of the journalist’s theses and phrases, a characteristic of his works is given: political views, his expectations and opinions on certain ideological companions and opponents. In the article the conclusion about a strong influence of de Mazade’d works on the Russian society is reached, the dynamics of his views on politics and social life is mentioned. The article enlarges the knowledge of perception of Russian Empire under Alexander II by French society, using articles and essays, which are famous abroad, but have not been translated into Russian.
The Magnitude and Causes of Famine 1921 in the Volga Region in Western Historiography
Authors:   Saratov State University, Pomogalova O. I.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the investigation of western researchers’ views on the extent and causes of the famine 1921–1922 in the Volga region. It also takes into consideration their assessments of the factors that prompted the Soviet government to apply Western countries for humanitarian aid.
Reports of Official and Colonial German Media on the Settlement of German Russians in the German Colony in Eastern Africa and the Position of Colonial Strata 1906–1909
Authors:   University of Regensburg, Shmidt V.
Published: April 2023

In this essay on the German Media the author analyzes the emigration of German Russians to the Eastern African colonies. Based on contemporary media of the German Empire the author presents the different opinions about the issue of this kind of emigration. The official and colonial media show different strategies of the colonial strata of the society on behalf of emigration of German Russians to Eastern Africa.
Cystic fibrosis diagnosed in a nineteen-year-old case
Authors: YILMAZ Meltem , MUTLU Levent
Published: April 2023

Cystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal recessive hereditary disease in white populations. It is characterized by the formation of abnormal secretions in the exocrine glands located in the sweat and salivary glands, tracheobronchial tree, large intestine, and pancreas. The severity of the clinic depends on the type of "cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulatory protein" gene mutation. Although most cases are diagnosed in infancy or childhood, some patients are also diagnosed during adolescence and adulthood. We report a case of a 19-year-old patient who was followed up with a diagnosis of asthma and bronchiectasis since childhood and diagnosed with cystic fibrosis.
Potenciais efeitos da socialização masculina no desenvolvimento de habilidades terapêuticas
Authors: Rocha Junior José Edberto Gadelha , Marques Natália Santos , Oshiro Claudia Kami Bastos
Published: April 2023

A literatura a respeito das habilidades terapêuticas considera que habilidades técnicas, teóricas e, especialmente, habilidades sociais são essenciais ao desenvolvimento da terapia. Todavia, em sociedades sexistas e patriarcais, enquanto mulheres são expostas a contingências de reforço de comportamentos que se relacionam ao cuidado e à expressão emocional, homens - em geral - são ensinados a se comportar agressivamente, a conter suas emoções e a participar menos de práticas de cuidado. Considerando tais condições, esse trabalho objetivou revisitar a literatura sobre habilidades terapêuticas à luz dos debates sobre masculinidade, discutindo potenciais incompatibilidades entre as habilidades destacadas e comportamentos característicos da masculinidade hegemônica na cultura ocidental. Dentre os principais resultados, aponta-se que a maior parte das habilidades destacadas pela literatura correspondem a repertórios sociais incompatíveis com os parâmetros da socialização masculina. Nesse sentido, destaca-se que o processo de socialização masculina, potencialmente, concorre com a aprendizagem de repertórios essenciais ao bom andamento da terapia. Tais discussões indicam a importância de considerar questões de gênero na formação, atuação e supervisão de terapeutas. Ainda, destaca a contribuição da literatura sobre gênero para a produção de conhecimento em terapias comportamentais.
O potencial da FAP como terapia culturalmente responsiva
Authors: Vandenberghe Luc
Published: April 2023

A Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional (FAP) apresenta características que dificultam e outras que facilitam o trabalho com clientes que não pertencem à mesma cultura que o terapeuta. Após uma breve consideração de algumas tendências na literatura a respeito da psicoterapia culturalmente sensível e responsiva, características da FAP são discutidas que são aptas a favorecer o atendimento culturalmente competente. São oferecidas sugestões sobre como otimizar essas características para tornar o tratamento mais culturalmente responsivo. Isto ocorre (1) pela utilização dos pontos de vista e os recursos do cliente, (2) pelo foco na resolução imediata dos problemas que ocorrem na relação terapêutica e (3) pela intensificação da auto-observação e das vivências diversas do terapeuta. Visto pelas lentes da FAP, ao invés de ser um problema, diferenças culturais podem se tornar aliadas do processo terapêutico.
O impacto da piada racista na construção do self de pessoas negras
Authors: Ribeiro Thaís Diniz , Santos Raissa Cruz dos , Borba Aécio
Published: April 2023

A Análise do Comportamento tem demonstrado interesse em questões sociais com o propósito de intervir em problemas como o racismo. Propõe-se, neste ensaio, uma reflexão teórica sobre os efeitos do racismo na construção do self de pessoas negras, com o foco em microagressões, em especial a piada racista. Para tanto, apresentamos como as microagressões raciais podem ser compreendidas a partir da noção de quadros relacionais, e seu impacto no aprendizado de relações simbólicas. Em seguida, partimos dessas elaborações teóricas para discutir as funções das piadas racistas e suas consequências para a construção do selfde pessoas negras. Concluímos que as piadas racistas, como parte das relações aprendidas, interferem na formação do self se referindo a pessoas negras como algo inferior e digno de menosprezo em vários aspectos.
Rousseau i demokracja
Authors: Bourgeois Bernard
Published: April 2023

Автор обсуждает и анализирует основные парадоксы политической доктрины ж. Ш. Руссо, свидетельствующие о том, что его мысли наследуют проблематику старой эпохи и одновременно предсказывают новую историческую эпоху. Пессимистический взгляд на проблемы общественной жизни, а в оссобенности убеждение, что политическим учреждениям угрожает, растущий в ходе истории, эгоизм, способствует тому, что Руссо задумывается чад средствами противодействующими распаду общественного тела. Видя в народе суверена, который только может антом своей воли сформировать легальное политическбе сообщество, Руссо одновременно полон неверия в возможность политических действий народа. И, поэтому, по существу, ограничивает политическую роль народа не только в сфере исполнительного органа — постулируя власть избираемой аристократии - но и в сфере законодательства, доверяя функцию создания законов на народу, а учреждению "мудреца". Желая упрочить политические учреждения, которые сохранили бы постоянность, вопреки проявляющейся в игтории тенденции их распада, Руссо допжен выйти за сферы истории и политики, обратиться к заключённой а человеке вечной натуре, а также счастливому случаю, каким является появление среди народа, создающего государство, мудреца, подобного богам. Республика Руссо не могла бы быть народной республикой или же республииой демократической, утверждает в заключении автор.
Characterization and Determination of Aflatoxigenic and Non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Bakery Food Products from Frontier around Davangere District
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere-577007, Karnataka, Sowmya K. L.
Published: April 2023

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi in food and feed due to several conditions that affect fungal growth and mycotoxin production in different ways. Mycotoxin contamination in bakery food products is seriously dangerous to humans and animals. This study aimed to morphologically characterize and determine the aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus isolates. Thirty three isolates of A.flavus were obtained from bakery food products collected from bakeries in rural areas like Bathi, Kodaganur, Bada, sasalu, Mayakonda, Avargere, Anaberu, Alur, Attigere, Echagatta around Davangere city. They were cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar medium (PDA), Rose Bengal Agar medium (RBA), Czapec(dox) agar medium (CZA) and Sabouraud’s dextrose agar medium (SDA). By observing the colony color and texture macromorphological characteristics were determined and micromorphological characteristics were determined by observing the spore color, size, structure, conidiophore structure, conidia, vesical shape under microscope. The production of aflatoxin was determined by UV fluorescence of isolates on coconut cream agar (CCA) medium plates. In aflatoxin detection 20 (60.60%) isolates of A.flavus shows positive results and 13 (39.39%) isolates of A.flavus shows negative results. The highest incidence of A.flavus was recorded in samples collected from Attigere followed by Bathi, Alur, Echagatta, Kodaganur, Bada, Anaberu, Sasalu, Mayakonda, Avargere. The incidence of A.flavus that produces aflatoxin highlights the necessity of taking action to eliminate their presence in food. The non-aflatoxigenic strains are being used in a biological control strategy to outcompete the aflatoxigenic ones.
¿Diamantes para el desarrollo? : descifrando la historia de éxito de Botsuana
Authors: Battistelli Stefania
Published: April 2023

Los diamantes son la columna vertebral de la transición de Botsuana de ser uno de los países más pobres en el mundo al momento de su independencia a su actual estatus de país con ingresos medianos altos. En un continente que se encuentra bajo la presión constante del fracaso económico, la pobreza y la inestabilidad política, Botsuana es considerado un ejemplo de buena gestión, impresionante crecimiento económico, principios democráticos y prácticas de gobierno ejemplares (Acemoglu, Johnson & Robinson, 2003).
Los retos de los extractivos y el rol modelador de la historia
Authors: Orihuela José Carlos , Paredes Maritza
Published: April 2023

La historia influye, pero no determina. Si los funcionarios y políticos pudieran comprender mejor la forma en que el legado histórico ha moldeado las instituciones, los incentivos y las políticas vinculadas a la industria extractiva, podrían tener mejores herramientas para lidiar con la extraordinaria complejidad de la riqueza minera. Eso hemos sostenido a lo largo de este libro y, en esa misma línea, ofrecemos aquí nuestras conclusiones finales.
El desarrollo basado en extractivos y sus consencuencias para el desarrollo
Authors: Orihuela José Carlos , Paredes Maritza
Published: April 2023

Este libro se ha enfocado en la evolución institucional y la economía política de la gestión pública en contextos de abundancia de extractivos. No hemos discutido de manera explícita las consecuencias de estas políticas sobre el desarrollo, específicamente en términos de desigualdad, pobreza, exclusión política, violencia y medio ambiente. Sin embargo, la idea de que existe una correlación entre la dependencia de los recursos naturales y un bajo nivel de desarrollo sí ha estado presente de manera implícita a lo largo de toda nuestra discusión. En este capítulo, procederemos a revisar la evidencia que apunta en esta dirección.
Ethnocategories and Andean Metallurgy
Authors: Lechtman Heather
Published: April 2023

EN SU PRÓLOGO al volumen The Social Dynamics o/ Technology, Tim Ingold (1999) nos desafía a especificar las afirmaciones que hacemos al usar el término tecnología y justificar esas afirmaciones. Aquí está mi reclamo. Las etnocategorías por las que la gente ordena la experiencia se expresan a través del comportamiento tecnológico tal como se expresan lingüísticamente (Lechtman 1996a, 1996b). El estudio apropiado de las tecnologías de materiales que la gente usó para producir objetos permitirá a los arqueólogos identificar estas categorías e investigar su presencia y, por lo tanto, su utilidad como principios organizadores en otras esferas de la actividad social.
Overprotecting professionals from ‘vexatious’ claims under the Hong Kong Mental Health Ordinance: The question of access to justice for persons with mental illness
Authors: Chiu Urania
Published: April 2023

Using Hong Kong’s mental health legislation as a case study, this article asks whether provisions in domestic mental health legal frameworks which seek to restrict the institution of legal proceedings against those working under such legislation may be justified, given the implications they have on the fundamental right to access to justice. Under section 69 of the Hong Kong Mental Health Ordinance, legal proceedings cannot be brought against anyone acting in pursuance of the Ordinance unless leave has been given by a court, and such leave shall not be given unless the court is satisfied there is a ‘reasonably arguable’ case of bad faith or negligence. Limited case law on section 69 and Hong Kong mental health jurisprudence in general indicate that this test is likely to be applied by judges stringently, with the result that mental health patients face a virtually insurmountable hurdle should they wish to bring actions against professionals for wrongful or negligent treatment under the Ordinance. The author argues that provisions such as section 69 are rooted in discriminatory stereotypes of persons with mental illness as particularly ‘vexatious’ litigants and constitute unjustified barriers to their right to equal access to the courts. In Hong Kong’s case, in particular, section 69 operates within and reinforces a broader legislative framework that is systemically discriminatory against those who fall under the compulsory mental health regime. As such, such provisions must be seriously reconsidered and reformed.
The fight to remain compliant
Authors: Bleakley Paul
Published: April 2023

Before 2020, the idea that an entire country would grind to a halt with businesses closed and freedom of movement curtailed at a moment’s notice would have seemed a fantasy, but the COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally altered the way the public experiences control in a lockdown setting. While lockdowns have occurred around the world, one of the more strict example of this policy occurred in Melbourne, Australia, where a 112-day shutdown lasted from July to October 2020. Such an extensive lockdown begs the question of how compliance with such restrictions over a lengthy period of time is maintained. This article offers a sentiment analysis of online discourse on the Facebook pages of four Melbourne news sources (The Age, 7 News Melbourne, 9 News Melbourne and NewsTalk 3AW) at key points during the second lockdown, to assess attitudes toward compliance (or, importantly, non-compliant behaviours). It shows that, despite media coverage suggestion resistance, the general public largely remained supportive of restrictive lockdown measures throughout the crisis, indicating that it is possible to achieve compliance from the majority of the public in strictly enforced lockdowns, despite the intervention of small-but-enthusiastic sets of anti-lockdown activists.
The Post-Covid Future of the Environmental Crisis Industry and its Implications for Green Criminology and Zemiology
Authors: Raymen Thomas , Smith Oliver
Published: April 2023

Smith and Brisman (2020) have argued that our social and cultural orientation toward environmental crises is influenced by the existence of an ‘Environmental Crisis Industry’ (ECI hereafter) that favours environmental ‘solutions’ that are palatable to state corporate interests and the global consumer classes ahead of systemic change. This article, however, argues that the ECI is evolving in the context of political-economic and geopolitical changes that have emerged as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, and is becoming increasingly focused on renewable energy and the shoring up supply and control over the minerals and natural resources crucial to the energy transition. These, however, are not without their own harms. While green criminology has spent a great deal of time considering the harms and consequences of failing to seriously tackle climate change, it has scarcely considered the potential harms that could emerge if the ECI decided to seriously pursue zero-carbon targets. As the ECI gets more serious, this article considers these potential harms and the implications this has for criminologists and zemiologists interested in climate change and environmental harm.
KANDUNGAN UNSUR HARA MAKRO PADA KOMPOS FIBER DAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Iswahyudi Herry , Iskandar M. Didi
Published: April 2023

This research on Observing the content of macro nutrients in OPEFB and Fiber  compost  aims  to determine the levels of macro nutrients N, P, K, and C-Organic contained in the compost produced in this have a look at. The composting process used EM4 material and AC water to be a mixture of ingredients in composting. EFB and Fiber composted in this composting process were 2 Kg each. This composting process lasted for 31 days. After the compost was riped, the tests for the nutrient content of N, P, K, C-Organic, and C/N ratio were conducted in the laboratory. The results of the laboratory tests on OPEFB and Fiber with indicators of N, P, K, C-Organic and C/Nratio showed that there was a variation in yield between EFB compost and Fiber compost. It showed that the different of macronutrient content of OPEFB had a N value of 2.29%, P 0.18%, K 1.54%, C- Organic 41.83%, and a C/N ratio of 17.9. Fiber compost content has a value of N 1.47%, P 0.12%, K 2.04%, C-Organic 51.13%, and a C/N ratio of 34.8. The results of the laboratory tests showed that the OPEFB compost made in this research has complied with the requirements of SNI compost 19-7030-2004.
PROYEKSI KEBUTUHAN AIR DOMESTIK DAN PARIWISATA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH DI LABUAN BAJO
Authors: Muchtar Farah Syuraih , Hasibuan Hayati Sari , Rozari Philiphi De
Published: April 2023

Clean water is essential for the welfare of life and regional development. As one of the super-priority tourism destinations, Labuan Bajo continues to experience growth and infrastructure development to support tourism development. Regional development in Labuan Bajo, classified as a semi-arid area for tourism needs, can potentially cause a clean water crisis. Tourism often uses clean water, triggering social conflicts with local communities. This study aims to analyze and project domestic clean water needs and tourism water needs in Labuan Bajo. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with data collection instruments by literature studies, field observations, and distributing questionnaires to 261 respondents in the urban area of Labuan Bajo. The results showed that the domestic water demand in Labuan Bajo was 90,23 liters/day/person or greater than the reference standard for the Directorate General of Human Settlement and Water Resources regarding the average domestic water demand in small town areas. The need for clean water for tourism in 2028 is projected to exceed domestic water needs, namely the need for tourism water of 33.928.095 liters/day. Meanwhile, the domestic demand for clean water is only 23.545.368 liters/per day. The high demand for clean water is caused by the urbanization of the population and an increase in the number of tourists. However, the geographical conditions of Labuan Bajo in the form of an archipelago and classified as a semi-arid area can cause a decrease in the carrying capacity, requiring further research related to efforts to manage clean water.
DAMPAK INDUSTRI TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR KAWASAN INDUSTRI DI KABUPATEN MOROWALI
Authors: Usman Afdhaliah K. , Pravitasari Andrea E. , Putranto Sugeng A.
Published: April 2023

Industry is one of the pillars of strategic economic growth and can directly have a positive or negative impact on various aspects. This study discusses the influence of the presence of the industry in Morowali Regency on the quality of life of the community which is assessed from environmental and public health aspects. This research is combined research (Mixed Method) using primary and secondary data which is analyzed using several analytical tools, including Spatial Analysis, and descriptive analysis to describe the quality of life of each indicator based on secondary data and public perception, as well as the Renk Kendall Correlation Test with SPSS (Statistical Package for The Social Sciences) program to describe the impact of industry on people's quality of life. Based on the analysis, it is known that the industry has an impact on the quality of life of the community around the industry. This is evidenced by the results of the correlation, namely the value of the correlation coefficient between noise and quality of life reaches 36%. While the condition of river water with quality of life has a correlation coefficient of 16.6%, a significant correlation also occurs with quality of life with traffic flow, which is 22.65%.
PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN POTENSI ENERGI SURYA DI WILAYAH MONSUN
Authors: Kurniasari Erlina Natasya , Rusmayadi Gusti , Wianto Totok , Mahyudin Idiannor
Published: April 2023

Climate change results from global warming, caused by increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially CO2 (carbon dioxide). This increase cannot be separated from the excessive use of fossil fuels such as oil and coal in the energy sector. In addition, mining can cause environmental damage, such as reduced air and water quality, and exacerbate future climate change. Renewable energy can be a solution to meet electrical energy needs by minimizing the impact it causes. Solar energy is one environmentally friendly source of renewable energy that will never run out. An analysis of climate change and the potential for solar energy has been carried out in this study. Data processing results for the last 30 years (1992-2021) show that climate change has occurred in the monsoon region. This is marked by a significant increase in the annual average temperature trend and an increase in extreme minimum temperature events until 2021. Based on the results of the projection of solar energy potential using the RCP4.5 scenario for the monsoon region until 2050 of 4.56-5.03 kWh/m2.day with homogeneous data distribution.
EVALUASI TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN REVEGETASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KESEHATAN TANAMAN PADA LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA PT. AMANAH ANUGERAH ADI MULIA DI SITE RIAM ADUNGAN KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
Authors: Azhar Azhar , Achmad Basir , Rosadi Erwin , Priatmadi Bambang Joko
Published: April 2023

Mining results in infertile soil, acidic pH and lack of nutrients. Reclamation activities are one way to restore the benefits of land to be better and more productive in solving this problem. Assessment of reclamation success has been carried out on 8 (eight) IUPs, one of which is PT. Amanah Anugerah Adi Mulia (PT. A3M) in Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province. Status PT. A3M has entered the post-mining stage and has rehabilitated mining-affected areas through reclamation and revegetation on the inpit dump land which is divided into three areas, namely the AR-05 area of 3.26 ha of the 2011 Planting Year, the AR-07 area of 3.61 ha of the 2014 Planting Year and the AR-07 area of 3.27 ha of the 2017 Planting Year. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the status of revegetation success related to the growth and health of revegetated plants in PT. Amanah Anugerah Adi Mulia and identified the factors causing the non-success of revegetation related to the characteristics of post-mining revegetation land. The results of the revegetation analysis regarding the percentage of plant growth and health: the percentage of growth was 96% (2011), 100% (2014) and 100% (2017), with a success value of > 90% (successful category) and a percentage of plant health of 91.14% (2011), 99.2% (2014) and 89% (2017), with a plant health value of > 89% categorized as healthy (normal height, fresh leaves and not yellow).
PENGARUH AIR LINDI (LEACHATE) TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR PERMUKAAN DI SEKITAR TPA KOTA SORONG
Authors: Dwangga Mierta , Farida Anif
Published: April 2023

Waste has been a serious problem from the past until now. Waste contains pollutants both organic and inorganic. The waste decomposes naturally, but the results of the decomposition are scattered in the garbage pile. Piles of garbage produce a liquid called leachate. Such leachate water contains organic matter and heavy metals. Rainwater has a role as a solvent medium to carry pollutants from waste decomposition, if not managed properly pollutants in leachate water will pollute river water, air, growing pest animals and vector diseases so as to cause various environmental problems and negative impacts on health for those who use it around the Sorong City Landfill (TPA) location because leachate can enter and flow through soil pores and surface water in excessive amounts or concentrations. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of surface water quality around the Sorong City Landfill (TPA) and identify the influence of leachate from the Sorong City Landfill (TPA) on the quality of surface water around the landfill with water samples taken, namely river water based on PP No. 82 of 2001 concerning Water Quality management and Water Pollution Control and KEPMEN LH No.51 of 1995 concerning Liquid Waste Quality Standards. The benefits of this research include being able to determine the quality of surface water around the Sorong City Landfill (TPA), as information material for residents living around the Sorong City landfill who use the water such as river water, as a basis for the arrangement of landfills (TPA) and the management of leachate wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) so that they are not directly discharged into the environment. In addition, this research is expected to be able to answer problems using methods that have been selected based on studies from previous research or research.