bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisa Kuat Tekan Bio Batu Bata Tanpa Bakar Dengan Memanfaatkan Lumpur Limbah IPA Km. 8 Kota Balikpapan
Authors: Az'Zahrah Yuninda , Indriani Andi Marini , Utomo Gunaedy Utomo
Published: January 2025

IPA waste sludge contains pollutants that can damage rivers. To reduce this, this research focuses on using mud to make bricks. This research also aims to make bricks without burning to minimize air pollution. Generally, bricks made without burning use cement to strengthen their strength. However, this research explores using biocemented Bacillus huizhouensis bacteria as a substitute for cement to strengthen bricks without burning. By adding a bacterial solution to the brick mixture, research found an increase in compressive strength of 59.78%, which was 1.47 MPa compared to normal bricks without bacterial reinforcement of 0.92 MPa. This study shows the potential for using the bacteria Bacillus huizhouensis to increase the strength of bricks while reducing pollution.
PENGARUH VARIASI BENTUK PAVING BLOCK PLASTIK POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SEMEN TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN
Authors: Sani Abdu , Indriani Andi Marini , Utomo Gunaedy
Published: January 2025

Jumlah sampah yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas manusia semakin meningkat seiiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk dan meningkatnya tingkat konsumsi masyarakat. Perlu adanya pengelolaan sampah lingkungan yang bertujuan utama untuk mengurangi jumlah sampah. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) merupakan jenis plastik yang mudah didaur ulang dengan mudah. Penggunaannya sebagai bahan tambahan dalam pembuatan paving block merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi limbah plastik. Dalam penelitian ini, plastik PET  digunakan sebagai pengganti semen dalam paving block. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji apakah paving block yang menggunakan campuran plastik PET dan pasir dapat memenuhi persyaratan uji kuat tekan sesuai standar SNI 03-0691-1996. Campuran yang digunakan antara plastik PET dengan pasir yaitu 30% PET: 70% pasir dengan bentuk wajik, balok, dan hexagon dengan temperatur 260○C. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pada bentuk wajik rata-rata kuat tekan mencapai 15,9 MPa yang masuk kedalam mutu C dan dapat digunakan untuk pejalan kaki. Sedangkan pada bentuk balok mendapatkan hasil kuat tekan rata-rata sebesar 12,4 MPa yang termasuk dalam mutu D dan dapat digunakan untuk taman dan pengguna lain.
The activities of the Ukrainian SSR militia in combating crime in the early 1960s.
Authors: Grechenko V. A.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the state of crime in the Ukrainian SSR in 1962–1964 and the range of measures taken by the leadership of the Ministry of Public Order and its subdivisions in regions, cities and districts to counteract it. The analysis of statistical data shows that the rate of premeditated murders, dominated by domestic and hooliganism, remained high. Striking were the figures showing a large number of premeditated murders of newborn children, which indicated the low moral level of some Soviet people and their social disadvantage. As in previous years, the militia used mainly operational measures to combat crime, and also carried out some preventive work among the population to identify and verify signals of death threats, as well as criminal intentions and intentions of individual citizens. Given the growth of economic crime, considerable attention was paid to strengthening the agent apparatus, in particular at facilities where large amounts of material assets were concentrated and could be stolen. At the same time, certain mistakes were made and some shortcomings occurred in the course of these activities. In a number of work plans of investigative departments and offices in many regions, many measures were of a general, non-specific nature. One of the significant shortcomings was the planning of activities that were not within the competence of the investigative apparatus of the Ministry of Public Order. Documents from the Investigative Department of the Ministry of Public Order contain many materials about the shortcomings and insufficient competence of investigators in preparing materials sent for forensic biological examination. Among the new manifestations of crime in the analysed years was the phenomenon of theft of narcotic substances from pharmacies and medical institutions, which expanded the range of militia activities. It is noted that in 1962–1964 the militia carried out significant work to combat crime, although it was not always successful.
ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ БЕЗПЕКИ БАНКІВСЬКОЇ СИСТЕМИ НА ЗАСАДАХ МЕТАПРОСТОРУ FINTECH-ПОСЛУГ
Authors: Мельник О. В.
Published: January 2025

В статті досліджуються процеси забезпечення безпеки банківської безпеки на засадах метапростору FinTech-послуг. Представлено методичний підхід щодо забезпечення безпеки банківської системи за регуляторними стабілізаторами СЕП НБУ, які на засадах метапростору FinTech-послуг нівелюють загрози платіжних систем в банківському інформаційному просторі, стабілізують захист учасників та користувачів платіжного портфеля банківських установ від дезінформації та шахрайства. Запропоновано синергетичну модель безпеки СЕП НБУ, із врахування сек’юритизації платіжного портфеля банківських установ на фінансовому ринку для попередження загроз та забезпечення потреб учасників та користувачів в банківському обслуговуванні. Рекомендовано критерії рівня безпеки СЕП НБУ.
Patrones biogeográficos de hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) de la península de Baja California y Sonora, México, mediante el uso de PAE
Authors:   Universidad  Autónoma  de  Querétaro,  Facultad  de  Ciencias  Naturales,  Departamento  de  Zoología., Varela-Hernández Fernando , Jones Robert
Published: January 2025

Se presentan los patrones biogeográficos de las hormigas que habitan la península de Baja California y Sonora obtenidos mediante un análisis de parsimonia de endemismos. Se elaboró un mapa de distribución geográfica de las hormigas y se generó una matriz de datos de presencia/ausencia. Se obtuvieron dos clados que representan a la península y al continente. Se reconocieron dos áreas de endemismo, una para el continente y otra para la península, además de otras dos áreas menos inclusivas dentro de la península. Se espera que con la generación de inventarios más completos se puedan reconocer patrones de endemismo a menores escalas y generen conocimiento básico para el estudio de las hormigas y robustecer las hipótesis biogeográficas de dichos organismos.
A new species of Euplocania Enderlein (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Ptiloneuridae), from Magdalena, Colombia, with a proposed classification of the genus
Authors:   Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, González Obando A. N. , González Obando R. , Carrejo N. S. , Mendivil J. A. , Calderón N. R.
Published: January 2025

A species of Euplocania from the National Natural Park Tayrona, Magdalena, Colombia, is here described and illustrated, it is assigned to the Zelayensis species group. On the basis of forewing pigmentation, shape of the pterostigma, and structure of the hypandrium, eight species groups are recognized in Euplocania, which are here diagnosed, with species assigned to each and distribution. The genus presently includes 38 species, only nine of which have been described.
Uncovering the Past Through the Lens of Justice in Dürrenmatt’s The Visit
Authors: Keleş Aybike
Published: January 2025

Epic theatre, a form of theatrical expression, aims to stimulate critical thinking among its audience by addressing social issues and political messages. Following WWI, Brecht developed a new theory of theatre that focuses on feelings, thoughts, and human psychology. Set in the town of Guellen, the play called The Visit revolves around the arrival of Claire Zachanassian, a millionaire who returns to her hometown seeking justice for the wrongs inflicted upon her in the past. This play is presented in a way that impedes the audience’s emotional engagement while tackling society’s problems of cruelty, greed, and injustice. By employing techniques such as the alienation effect, nonlinear narrative structure, and minimal set design, this play disrupts traditional theatrical conventions and prompts the audience to question social norms. Dürrenmatt often incorporates dialogue breaks, scene gaps, and music to blur the boundary between audiences and the players. Stage settings, dialogues of characters, and employment of epic techniques not only transports the audience to a corrupt society but also conveys deep social decay. By challenging conventional narrative structures, this genre of theatre fosters a deeper understanding of the social and political implications embedded. This research will employ Brecht's epic theatrical methods to analyze this work.
A Protest Against Human Domination over Nature in Daniel Quinn’s Ishmael
Authors: Bay Sedat , Karagöz Cengiz
Published: January 2025

Daniel Quinn’s 1992 novel Ishmael has initiated a profound re-examination of our connection with the natural world and has challenged the prevalent view of human supremacy. This research examines the pivotal insights and themes expounded in Ishmael, shedding light on their implications for our understanding of our position within the ecological community. At the heart of the novel lies Ishmael, a wise gorilla who assumes the role of an unconventional teacher on deeply established convictions about human superiority and the unchecked exploitation of Earth’s resources. Ishmael’s teachings underscore the complex interdependence of all life forms and emphasize the pressing need to listen to the voices of fellow forms in the tapestry of life. This study endeavors to explore the concept of human supremacy, examining its origins and the transformative potential inherent in embracing a more inclusive perspective regarding our bond with nature. It analyses the historical, religious, and cultural factors that have preserved human dominance and the resulting detrimental actions toward the environment generated by these beliefs. Eventually, this research concludes that Ishmael’s message remains relevant and urgent, beckoning us to critically evaluate our values, behaviors, and assumptions. It implores us to actively engage in reshaping our world by challenging prevailing narratives, interrogating societal structures, and adopting sustainable practices.
Halk Kültüründe Rüya Motifi: Anne Arketipi Bağlamında Bir Çözümleme
Authors: Çelik Gizem
Published: January 2025

Rüyalar binlerce yıldır insanoğlunun merakını cezbeden konulardan biridir. Rüyalar, çeşitli sembolleri içermesi bakımından halk kültüründe, din ve psikoloji disiplinleri bağlamında çeşitli yorumlamalara müsaittir. Türk halk kültüründe mit, destan, halk hikâyesi gibi edebî türlerde ve şamanların-âşıkların yetişmesinde rüyalar karşımıza bir motif olarak çıkmaktadır. Bahsi geçen bu rüya motifi, odak noktasındaki kişiye değişim ve dönüşüm yaşatması bakımından halk kültüründe oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir. Analitik psikolojinin kurucusu olan Carl Gustav Jung, bireysel bilinç dışının yanında kolektif bilinç dışının da var olduğunu ve arketiplerin kolektif bilinç dışında bulunduğunu ileri sürmüştür. Rüya motifinin içeriğinin de arketipsel semboller bakımından zengin olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada halk kültüründe rüya motifinin ne olduğu ve nasıl karşımıza çıktığı tanıtıldıktan sonra, seçilen şaman olma sürecinden alınan iki rüya, âşık olma sürecinden alınan iki rüya ile anlatı türlerinden alınan iki rüya anne arketipi bağlamında incelenecektir. Çalışma, arketipsel sembolizmin halk kültürü çalışmalarına uygulanabilir olduğunu gösterme amacını taşımaktadır ve bu bakımdan önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada incelenen altı rüyaya bakıldığı zaman anne arketipinin çeşitli tezahürlerinin var olduğu görülmektedir. Bahsi geçen rüyalarda anne arketipi; kadın (ata ve bilge kadın, üvey anne, sevgili), süt gölü, su ve cennet bahçesi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Kült Liderliği ve Görsel Medya: Komünist Batı Balkanlarda Josip Broz Tito ve Enver Hoca’nın Mirası
Authors: Yerköy Samet
Published: January 2025

Bu makale, 20. yüzyılın ortalarında Arnavutluk ve Yugoslavya’da komünizm, kült liderliği ve görsel medya arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. II. Dünya Savaşı’nın ve Balkan bölgesinin kendine has jeopolitik dinamiklerinin ortasında, komünist hareketler ortaya çıkmış ve Yugoslavya’da Josip Broz Tito ile Arnavutluk'ta Enver Hoca tarafından yönetilmiştir. Bu liderler, fotoğraflar ve posterler gibi çeşitli görsel medya araçlarıyla liderliklerini mit haline getirerek güçlü direniş yapıları kurmuşlardır. Bölgenin coğrafi yapısı ve Batı’nın doğrudan müdahalesinin olmaması, Balkanlar’daki komünist bloğun gelişmesini ve Moskova etrafında iyi örgütlenmesini sağlamıştır. Tito’nun Yugoslavya liderliği ve Hoca’nın Arnavutluk’taki yükselişine verdiği destekle beraber bölgedeki komünist direniş sağlamlaşmıştır. Savaştan sonra, her iki lider de Stalinist söylemleri rejimlerine entegre ederek Sovyetler Birliği ile bağlarını güçlendirmiştir. Roland Barthes’ın göstergebilimsel yöntemleri kullanılarak analiz edilen kişilik kültleri, komünizmi meşrulaştırmada ve ideolojik bağlılığı güçlendirmede önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Tito’nun 1948’de Stalin’den kopması, özerklik ve Titoizm ideolojisine doğru bir yönelimi işaret ederken, Hoca Stalinist ilkelere sıkı sıkıya bağlı kalmıştır. Bu makale, bölgedeki komünist liderliğin şekillenmesinde yerel ve uluslararası faktörlerin karmaşık etkileşimini vurgulamakta ve siyasi söylem ile kişilik kültlerinin inşasında görsel medyanın kalıcı mirasının altını çizmektedir.
A Forgotten Georgian Structure in Hatay: Some Thoughts on the Monastery Church of St. Barlaam
Authors: Kaya Metin
Published: January 2025

In this study, the presence of the Georgian population in Hatay during the Byzantine Empire and information about St. Barlaam will be discussed. The Monastery Church of St. Barlaam (late 10th - early 11th century) will be introduced as an example of Christian Georgian architecture in its current state, with a particular focus on the upper cover of the church, which has not survived to the present day. Additionally, the architectural sculpture from the second construction phase of the church (late 10th - early 11th century) will be evaluated in terms of its ornamental characteristics and motif repertoire. It is observed that academic publications on Christian Georgian art in Turkey mainly focus on Northeastern Anatolia, where Georgian kingdoms existed, and Georgian works of art in the south of Turkey, especially the Monastery Church of St. Barlaam, are often overlooked, even when analogies are drawn. In this sense, our article aims to draw attention to the little-known Christian Georgian art in Hatay by introducing the St. Barlaam Monastery Church, which has not received the adequate attention from academic circles so far. Additionally, our study is also significant in demonstrating that Georgian architectural tradition dates back to ancient times and extends beyond their present borders.
Sabine Adatepe’nin “Bahar” Adlı Romanında Kalıp Yargılar
Authors: Bolattekin Gülay
Published: January 2025

İnsanın kendini güvende hissetme ihtiyacı yaşamın bütün evrelerinde belirgindir. Bilinmeyene duyulan endişe ve merak eksik bilgilerle yapılmış tanımlamalar ortaya çıkarır. Bu aşamada doğruluğu tartışılır olan fakat bilinmezlik sebebiyle kuşaklar boyunca aktarılacak tanımlamalara başvurulması bilinmezliği kolaylaştırıcıdır. Kalıp yargılar, bizden öncekilerin kısıtlı bir zaman diliminde kısıtlı bir çevrede deneyimlediği fakat genele yayılarak doğruluğu irdelenmeden kabul edilen bilgiler olarak yaşamda kullanılır olur ve çatışmaları beraberinde getirir. Adatepe’nin ikinci kuşakla süren Türk-Alman etkileşiminin yansımalarını örnekleyen eseri, Bahar, göçmenleri tehdit unsuru olarak görenlerin kalıp yargılarla çevrelenmiş düşüncelerinin yanlışlığını gösterir. Bu farkındalığın Türk dili ve edebiyatına hâkim Alman bir yazar ve çevirmen tarafından dile getirilmesi Alman toplumunun bilinçlendirilmesi konusunda önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Sabine Adatepe’nin Bahar adlı romanında işçi göçü, İslamofobi, kadın-erkek ilişkilerindeki kültürel, ahlaki ve dini uyuşmazlıklar, Türk-Alman aile hayatı, geleneksel değerlerle çatışan yeni hayat tecrübeleri ile ilgili kalıp yargılar incelenmiştir. Çalışma eklektik inceleme yöntemiyle oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde kalıp yargı kavramı açıklanmış, göç süreci ve yazar hakkında kısa bilgilendirmeden sonra eserden alıntılarla kalıp yargılar örneklenmiştir.
Spectral Dialogues: Unveiling Histories of Injustice in Pedro Paramo Through Lyotard’s “Differend” and Derrida’s “Hauntology”
Authors: Önder Ayda
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the spectral presence of the past in the contemporary world of Juan Rulfo’s Pedro Paramo (1955) through theoretical framework of Lyotard’s concept of “differend” and Derrida’s “hauntology”. It is argued that conflicts between peasants and local rulers under the system of caciquismo following the Mexican Revolution result in a differend because the discourse of rule of judgment serving the interests only of those in power like Pedro Paramo, does not allow peasants to present their damages and seek justice. Since the causes of peasants remain unresolved when they die, the burden of the past marks the present. Like Derrida’s specters, the deceased return to demand that their history is heard. The peasants haunt the living to relate their version of reality unheeded when they were alive. It is claimed that spectral hauntings function as a kind of language communicating the history of oppressed peasants. Hauntings prove that voices of the past cannot be simply denied or buried. The act of return through reconnection with the deceased in a spectral language provides prospects for justice, considering that the specter has the power to transgress ontological boundaries, disrupt established structures, and bring about substantial changes that would reframe society.
Seferis’in Eserinde İdeoloji İle Estetik
Authors: Sarioglou İrini
Published: January 2025

Bu makalede, Seferis’in eserinde estetik anlayışını ve yaratıcı özelliklerini anlamamıza yardım edecek bazı yönlerini analiz etmeye çalışacağız. Çok önemli bir Yunan düşünür ve şair olan Yorgo Seferis’in eserindeki derin anlamları şekillendiren unsurları kavramaya çalışacağız. Seferis’in şiirinin derinliği hakkındaki tartışma, eski beşiğine dönen kabilenin hareketi ile kıyaslandığında, anlaşılabilir hale gelebilir. Bir çağın ve bir kuşağın öncüsü olarak sahneye çıkan Yorgos Seferis’in lirik ifadesi işte bu doğrultuda hayat bulmaktadır. Seferis’in eseri Yunan geleneğinin şiir sanatına dayanan duygularla doludur; diğer yandan şair Seferis, 30’ların şiir kuşağının en önde gelenlerindendir. Seferis'in edebi eserinin etkisi o kadar geniştir ki, eleştirmenler onu Yunan edebiyatının normatif çerçevesi içine yerleştirip ele almaktadırlar. Solomos, Kalvos, Palamas, Kavafis ve Sikelianos tarafından cömertçe bize sunulan bir eserin ulusal geleneğiyle yan yanadır. Suços'a, Stratigis’e, Parashos’a ve Skipis’e neler olduğuna bakılırsa bu önem daha iyi anlaşılır. Seferis’in, ne kadar tehlike arz ederse etsin, önünde siyasi bir durumun klişeleri ortaya çıksa bile, antik geçmişle yüzleşmek istemesi önemlidir. Bu nedenle, heykeller ve antik kalıntılar, Seferis’in şiirinde ve şiirsel söyleminde, Strofi’den itibaren çok erken ortaya çıkarken, daha sonra şiirsel mitolojisinin kalıcı unsurları olarak varlıklarını sürdürürler. Heykeller, bazen insan şekline giren bölünmüş bir sembolü, bazen de estetik sinyali sembolize eder. Şair bu bölünmenin yarattığı yüke içerlemiş ve heykelleri bizi günümüze getiren deneyimsel bir durum üzerinden görmeyi tercih etmiştir.
Woman in Celal Nuri Ileri’s Stories
Authors: Ulutürk Sakarya Yasemin
Published: January 2025

During the centuries of the Ottoman Empire, many statesmen with various virtues other than the members of the dynasty were raised, and it was tried to benefit from the experience and knowledge of these people who were entrusted with important duties. Born in 1843 in Preveza, Abidin Pasha was one of the prominent statesmen whose name can be mentioned in this context. His grandson Celal Nuri İleri, who was born to his daughter Nefise Hanım, was a man of ideas who read and produced a lot like himself, and with hundreds of articles and articles he wrote, he took his place among the names whose influence was felt in the foundations of the newly established state. Born in 1882 in Gallipoli, Celal Nuri, just like his grandfather Abidin Pasha, grew up as a highly cultured man of law due to the environment he lived in and the education he received. However, his interest in the profession of journalism led him to shape his life in that direction and paved the way for him to write and publish articles in which he expressed his opinions on many subjects. As a matter of fact, the author, who not only wrote newspaper articles but also literary works, was likened to 'a writing machine with eighty horsepower'. Drawing attention to women's rights and the value given to women for the realisation of political maturation, the author analysed the problems of Ottoman and Turkish women and proposed social and legal solutions in his book titled Kadınlarımız. The author, who gave enough importance to this subject to write an independent work, also included this subject in his stories and classified the women in his stories into classifications and assigned them various roles. In this study, we will analyse the female protagonists in Celal Nuri İleri's stories published in magazines and newspapers and try to concretise the 'ideal' woman type.
Study of structural and mechanical characteristics of dairy desserts with a combined composition of raw materials
Authors: Rudakova T. , Minorova A. , Moiseeva L. , Krushelnytska N. , Narizhnyy S. , Osipenko I. , Bovkun A.
Published: January 2025

Dairy products are complex in chemical composition and have a range of various properties that determine their quality. For a scientifically based consideration of these properties, information on the rheological characteristics of the product is necessary. Therefore, it is important to conduct research on the use of technological methods that allow for a targeted impact on the structural and mechanical characteristics of a dairy product and the effective management of quality indicators, particularly consistency. The aim of the study was to investigate the rheological characteristics of dairy desserts with a combined composition of raw materials. The article presents the results of research on determining the rheological parameters of pudding and cream made using whey protein concentrate, dry demineralized whey, inulin, pectin, rice flour, corn starch on various dairy raw materials. The rheological curves of dairy desserts indicate their structured nature. The structure of the retentate-based pudding is stronger than that of the butter-based product - its viscosity at a shear stress of 387.0 Pa is 205 Pa-s, which is 11% higher. The viscosity of the retentate-based cream is 102 Pa-s, which is 50.2 % less than that of the pudding. The structure of the buttermilk-based cream, which also requires the greatest effort to break and has the least elasticity, was found to be the least durable. It has been proven that dairy desserts show the ability to self-heal and belong to plastic-viscous coagulation systems according to the classification of Acad. PAS. Rebinder. It was established that the rheological viscosity curves of dairy desserts are characteristic of structured systems. It is shown that the structure of cream and pudding made on the basis of retentate is stronger. To preserve the structure of desserts, thermomechanical treatment at a shear rate of up to 50 s⁻¹ is recommended to minimize the destruction of bonds.
Key words: dairy desserts, cream, pudding, buttermilk, retentate, combined composition of raw materials, structure, rheological parameters, strength, quality.
The characteristics of beef produced from bulls of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed with different carcass fatty tissue coverage
Authors: Kruk O. , Ugnivenko A.
Published: January 2025

The composition of cattle carcasses is important for their producers and processors. Their commercial value is related to the composition of tissues (the ratio of muscle, fat and bone). In Ukraine, a significant share of beef comes from dairy breeds. Ukraine's accession to the European Community requires that national standards for evaluating cattle carcasses be in line with international standards. The article presents the results of studies of the qualitative traits of beef of 18-24-month-old bulls of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed with different development of the carcass cover with adipose tissue. The animals were slaughtered in the slaughterhouse of Kalynivka village, Brovary district, Kyiv region. After slaughtering the bulls, the conformation of the carcasses and their fat coverage were determined according to the EUROP method (2008). According to the JMGA (2000) classification, the color of muscle and adipose tissue was assessed using a scale from 1 to 7 points, and the marbling of m. longissimus dorsi between the 12th and 13th rib was assessed on a scale from 1 to 12 points. It was found that with the improvement of the development of fatty tissue on the carcass, their conformation (meatiness) statistically significantly improved by 37,9% (P>0,99), the thickness of subcutaneous fat by 1,5 times (P>0,95), the content of second-grade muscle tissue by 13.9% (P>0,95), the amount of higher-grade muscle tissue by 2,7 points (P>0,95) and the area of the “muscle eye” by 23,2% (P>0,95) deteriorate. With an increase in the development of subcutaneous fat on the carcass, there is a tendency to: saturation of colour of subcutaneous adipose tissue by 2.7%, tendons and ligaments by 0,2 points and the strength of the broth from boiled meat by 8,7%; a decrease in the live weight of animals after hungry aging by 2,7%, slaughter yield (carcass) by 0,9 points, adipose tissue in the carcass by 1.3 points, and the content of first grade muscle tissue by 0,5 points; deterioration of meat marbling by 27,7% and water retention by 5,3 points, and meat shelf life by 0,5 points; decrease in total moisture content by 2,1 points and total ash mass by 0,3 points, and the main components of beef sensory evaluation - tenderness by 6,7% and juiciness by 3,0%. The practical importance of the data is to obtain knowledge about the dependence of some signs of slaughter, morphological composition, physical, technological and sensory properties of beef obtained from 18-24-month-old bulls of the Ukrainian Black and-White dairy breed with different development of adipose tissue under the skin.
Key words: subcutaneous adipose tissue, beef, marbling, carcass coverage with adipose tissue, sensory characteristics of cooked meat, chemical composition of meat.
Field life tables and key mortality factors of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) infesting cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) in Punjab, India
Authors: Shikha Deep , Chandi Ravinder Singh , Kataria Sanjeev Kumar , Sidhu Jaspreet
Published: January 2025

To find out the key mortality factors of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus) on cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), this study of field life table was conducted during 2021-22 at the research farm of the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab. Among biotic factors, Cotesia glomerata, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.), NPV, Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) were the main causes of mortality. Other unknown factors (temperature, rainfall, relative humidity) also contrived slight decline to all the immature stages of    P. brassicae. Results revealed that the egg stage (17.46-28.35%) affected due to unknown factors, whereas, early larval instar stage (I-III) was the most sensitive, showing the highest loss (36.62-43.95%) followed by the late larval instar stage (25.77-29.43%) and pupal stage (16.19-22.41%). The trend index was positive   uring both seasons 16.91 (main season) and 19.17 (late season), indicating that population of P. brassicae increased in next season. Similar trend was observed in generation survival i.e. 0.39 (main season) and 0.32 (late season).
Population dynamics of pod fly, Melanagromyza obtuse (Malloch) and its natural enemies on pigeonpea
Authors: Singh Manoj Kumar , Dwivedi Sunil Kumar , Yadav Harmohan Singh
Published: January 2025

On pigeon pea pod fly infestation often noticed in the Kharif crop during 2022-23 and 2023-24, along with its other defoliating insects, although it persists up until the crop has been harvested. First appearance of M. obtusa larvae and pupa was observed in the 41st and 39th meteorological standard week (MSW). The peak larval population of 52.00 and 41.00 larvae per 100 pods was noticed in the 44th MSW at both years, while the peak pupal population of 49.00 and 40.00 pupae per 100 pods was seen during the 50th and 45th MSW. The study showed presence of two hymenopteran parasitoids viz., Euderus lividus (Ashmead) and Ormyrus orientalis (Walker) on the pigeon pea major pest, Melanagromyza obtuse (Malloch). The parasitism level of E. lividus declined from 31.82 to 10.53 and 29.72 to 7.14 per cent from 46th up to 52nd MSW and 45th up to 50th MSW, respectively. Higher pupal parasitism of O. orientalis was recorded in 47th (25.64%) and 44th (24.32%) MSW; While low parasitism was noted in 1st (3.22%) and 51st (3.84%) MSW at both years. Above all, correlation between weather parameters, with pod fly larvae and pupae showed that the larval population exhibited a significant positive relation with maximum temperature (r=0.646*) and (r=0.746**) at both years. The natural enemies, E. lividus and O. orientalis of M. obtuse, would improve the biological control of the pest population.
Northernmost record of the endemic damselfly Indosticta deccanensis (Laidlaw, 1915) (Odonata, Zygoptera, Platystictidae) from Western Ghats, Karnataka, India
Authors: Mehendale Tejas , Padiyar Ajith
Published: January 2025

Indosticta deccanensis (Laidlaw, 1915) (Odonata, Platystictidae) is an endemic damselfly found in the evergreen forests of Western Ghats of southern India. This species was observed and photographed at Madugundi, Chikkamagaluru district, Karnataka. This is the first photographic record for Karnataka and the northernmost in Western Ghats.
Population dynamics of sucking pests, natural enemies, and the incidence of yellow mosaic disease on Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek in relation to weather factors
Authors: Patel P.B. , Jena M.K.
Published: January 2025

The investigation on population dynamics of sucking pests, their natural enemies, and the per cent disease incidence (PDI) of mung bean yellow mosaic disease (YMD) on Vigna radiata was conducted. During the harvest of the crop, the population of Aphis craccivora, Empoasca kerri, ladybird beetle, and the PDI of YMD was the highest on the 17th Standard meteorolo gical week (SMW). In contrast, the population of Bemisia tabaci was at its peak on the 15th SMW. The minimum temperature had highly significant positive correlation with the population of A. craccivora, E. kerri, B. tabaci, ladybird beetle, and the PDI of YMD. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between wind velocity and the population of ladybird beetles. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between the PDI of YMD and the population of B. tabaci.
First report of Glenea multiguttata Guerin-Meneville, 1843 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) from Goa, India
Authors: Margaj G.S. , Sawant Sanjay J. , Nikam K.N. , More S.V.
Published: January 2025

Flat faced longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) collected in the Ambulor Verna (Goa), was identified as Glenea multtigutta. This species is being reported for the first time from Goa State. Furthermore, the geographical distribution, morphological characters, natural images and taxonomic photo plate are given.
Assessing the role of RNA in manifesting the potential of mendione as an effective insecticide against Dysdercus cingulatus F.
Authors: Singh-Gupta S. , Magdum S. , Shere-Kharwar A.
Published: January 2025

The impact of sublethal concentrations of menadione was evaluated on the RNA content of gonads, fat body, and brain in Dysdercus cingulatus F. Three sublethal concentrations viz. 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 were used topically using a Hamilton syringe. The test insects were dissected after the intervals of post-treatment days 2, 4, and 6. Organs of the treated insects were evaluated and compared for the RNA content with control insects. The biochemical results revealed a gradual significant decline in the RNA content of various tissues under investigation. Hence it was concluded that menadione not only hampers the protein and DNA metabolism, but it roots back to the RNA level to induce histopathological changes in organs to finally act as a reproductive inhibitor and life cycle disruptor.
Basketbolda Mental Dayanıklılık ve Kişilik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Cesuroğlu Serhat , Sadık Reşat
Published: January 2025

Bu araştırmanın amacı basketbol sporcularının mental dayanıklılık ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin saptanmasıdır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu İstanbul ili 2023 -2024 sezonunda, basketbol antrenmanlarına devam eden 407 sporcudan oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak; araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş demografik bilgiler anketi, 13 adet kapalı uçlu sorudan oluşan Sporda Mental Dayanıklılık Ölçeği ve on sorudan oluşan On - Maddeli Kişilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi, Bağımsız Gruplar t Testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, mental dayanıklılık ve kişilik özellikleri ölçeği alt boyutlarında; cinsiyet, kilo, lisans süresi gibi değişkenlerde farklılık görülürken bazı değişkenlerde anlamlı farklılığa rastlanmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, mental dayanıklılık ile kişilik özellikleri arasında ise pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiye rastlanmıştır.
Investigation of Team Cohesion and Self-Efficacy Levels of Volleyball Referees
Authors: Akyüz Onur , Ateş Hamdullah , Ateş Nurdan
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study is to examine the team cohesion and self-efficacy levels of volleyball referees. The research group includes a total of 280 volleyball referees, 138 female and 142 male, affiliated with the Turkish Volleyball Federation for the 2022-2023 volleyball season. "Personal Information Form", "Referee Self-Efficacy Scale" and "Group Environment Questionnaire" were used to collect data in the study. SPSS 24.0 program was used in the analysis of the research data. Independent sample t test and anova test were applied as statistical methods and p<0,05 significance level was taken. According to the findings, a change was found in the sub-dimensions of task integrity and task attractiveness of the group in terms of gender variable. Again, a difference was found in the social integration of the group and task integration of the group according to the years of refereeing. There was a difference in the self-efficacy levels of the referees according to the year of refereeing. A difference was found in the task integration dimension of the group according to the refereeing level. As a result, it was determined that as the experience of volleyball referees increased, their self-efficacy levels increased and as their refereeing levels increased, their task integration levels increased.
Peningkatan Kesehatan dengan Pendampingan Kegiatan Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok pada Lansia
Authors: Anggraeni Fitri , Meylawati Luluk Eka , Astuti Harwina Widya
Published: January 2025

Elderly health needs special attention so that it not only helps the elderly live longer, but also can enjoy old age happily and improve their quality of life. The growth of the elderly population has a significant impact on many aspects of life. The impact of globalization has also caused family values ​​and roles to change. As a result of changes in family composition, families view the presence of the elderly in the family environment as a burden. So that more and more families choose to leave the elderly in nursing homes rather than living with family members to care for them. The purpose of this activity is to improve the health of the elderly at PSTW Budi Mulia I by implementing group activity therapy. The group activity therapy method is carried out systematically through four stages, namely pre-interaction, orientation, work, and termination. Based on the results of community service from 45 elderly people for verbal ability, 36 elderly people (80%) were able to answer 3 pictures correctly, 5 elderly people (11.1%) were able to answer 2 pictures correctly, and 4 elderly people (8.9%) were able to answer 1 picture correctly.
Keywords:     Keywords: Elderly ; Group Activity Therapy.
El derecho a la educación y su incidencia en la inclusión educativa de niños con autismo en el Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, Orbea Iturralde Carla Indira
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación aborda la incidencia del derecho a la educación en la inclusión de niños con autismo en Ecuador, centrándose en las barreras y facilitadores que impactan la efectividad de la normativa inclusiva vigente. El estudio emplea una metodología cualitativa que combina una revisión sistemática de literatura y entrevistas semiestructuradas a padres y representantes de niños con autismo, lo que permitió triangular los datos y obtener una visión integral del fenómeno. Los hallazgos indican que, aunque Ecuador cuenta con un marco legal que respalda la inclusión educativa, existen barreras significativas en su aplicación práctica. Entre las principales limitaciones identificadas se encuentran la falta de capacitación docente, la escasez de recursos educativos adaptados, y el estigma social hacia los estudiantes con autismo. Además, la percepción de padres y docentes señala que, a pesar de los esfuerzos, las políticas inclusivas no se implementan de manera uniforme y carecen de seguimiento adecuado. Las conclusiones subrayan la necesidad de ajustes en la normativa y de un apoyo integral que incluya recursos suficientes y formación específica para docentes, así como servicios de apoyo psicológico para los estudiantes y sus familias. Estos resultados sugieren que fortalecer el marco inclusivo y los recursos en el entorno educativo son esenciales para lograr una inclusión efectiva y equitativa para los niños con autismo en el contexto ecuatoriano.
Unusual presence of atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae) neonates in a coastal lagoon in southeast Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Wakida-Kusunoki Armando T , Anislado-Tolentino Vicente , Del Moral-Flores Luis Fernando
Published: January 2025

This study reports for the first time the presence of Rhizoprionodon terraneovae neonates in a coastal lagoon in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico. The observations suggest the presence of neonates was due to the salinity values being similar to those of the coastal zone (32 ppt) and that they may have been attracted by the high presence of penaeid shrimp. The presence of this species in this lagoon supports the knowledge of the biology and ecology of the species, which will contribute to its proper fishing management.
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Neutrophils and Their Location in Canine Mammary Neoplasms with a Solid Arrangement: A Prognostic Factor?
Authors: Flecher Mayra C. , Reys Marina P. , Balabram Débora , Nakagaki Karen Y. R. , Cassali Geovanni D.
Published: January 2025

In canine mammary neoplasms, greater inflammation is associated with higher histological grade, lymphatic invasion, and metastases. This retrospective study assessed the density of peri- and intratumoral tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and CD3+ and CD79+ lymphocytes in canine mammary neoplasms with a solid arrangement, and associated such data with histological types, immunophenotype, prognostic factors, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression and overall and cancer-specific survival. Sixty-one neoplasms with a solid arrangement were classified as malignant myoepitheliomas (6/9.8%), solid papillary carcinomas (8/13.1%), carcinomas with a solid pattern (9/14.8%), basaloid carcinomas (BC) (19/31.1%), and malignant adenomyoepitheliomas (19/31.1%). Intra- and peritumoral TILs, TANs, and TCD3+ and BCD79+ lymphocytes were counted, and based on the resulting median, the neoplasms were divided into low or high cell infiltration. BCs had the lowest density of intratumoral TILs (p = 0.02), and luminal B neoplasms showed a significantly higher density of intratumoral TCD3+ than luminal A cases. Neoplasms with a higher density of peritumoral CD3+ and CD79+ had significantly greater proliferative activity. High infiltration of intratumoral BCD79+ lymphocytes was related to nodal metastasis (p = 0.03). Intratumoral TILs and TCD3+ were associated with shorter survival time. Therefore, intratumoral lymphocyte infiltration is possibly an important feature in the progression of cancer and influences the survival in bitches with solid arrangement neoplasms.
Low-Density Polyethylene Microplastics in the Rumen: Implications for Rumen Fermentation Dynamics and Utilization of Concentrate Feed
Authors: Tassone Sonia , Kaihara Hatsumi , Barbera Salvatore , Glorio Patrucco Sara , Issaoui Rabeb , Abid Khalil
Published: January 2025

Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as a significant environmental threat, infiltrating livestock systems. This study presents the first in vitro investigation of the effects of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) MP contamination on rumen fermentation dynamics and feed utilization in a simulated ruminal digestive system. Concentrate feed was incubated in buffered rumen fluid collected from lambs, supplemented with LDPE MPs at concentrations of 3.3 g/L and 6.6 g/L and compared to the concentrate incubated in the buffered rumen fluid without MP contamination. The results demonstrate that both levels of LDPE MPs significantly altered rumen fermentation dynamics by reducing asymptotic gas production by 11% and 15% and increasing the constant rate of gas production by 16% and 19% at low and high addition levels, respectively, compared to the control. However, the early-stage fermentation dynamics remained unaffected. Furthermore, both levels of LDPE MPs reduced rumen protozoal populations (20% and 23%) and ammonia-nitrogen levels by 11% at both of addition levels. Despite these disruptions, rumen pH remained unaffected. Increasing the addition level of LDPE from 3.3 to 6.6 g/L did not exacerbate the disruptions. The results of this study highlight the potential risks posed by LDPE MPs in ruminal nutrition. Further in vivo investigations are essential to validate these findings and assess their impact on animal performance.
Monitoring Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Surface Salinity Around the Maltese Islands Using Sentinel-2 Imagery and the Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Darmanin Gareth Craig , Gauci Adam , Giona Bucci Monica , Deidun Alan
Published: January 2025

Marine regions are undergoing rapid evolution, primarily driven by natural and anthropogenic activities. Safeguarding these ecosystems necessitates the ability to observe their physical features and control processes with precision in both space and time. This demands the acquisition of precise and up-to-date information regarding several marine parameters. Thus, to gain a comprehensive understanding of these ecosystems, this study employs remote sensing techniques, Machine Learning algorithms and traditional in situ approaches. Together, these serve as valuable tools to help comprehend the distinctive parametric characteristics and mechanisms occurring within these regions of the Maltese archipelago. An empirical workflow was implemented to predict the spatial and temporal variations in sea surface salinity and sea surface temperature from 2022 to 2024. This was achieved by leveraging Sentinel-2 satellite platforms, the random forest Machine Learning algorithm, and in situ data collected from sea gliders and floats. Subsequently, the numerical data generated by the random forest algorithm were validated with different error metrics and converted into visual representations to illustrate the sea surface salinity and sea surface temperature variations across the Maltese Islands. The random forest algorithm demonstrated strong performance in predicting sea surface salinity and sea surface temperature, indicating its capability to handle dynamic parameters effectively. Additionally, the parametric maps generated for all three years provided a clear understanding of both the spatial and temporal changes for these two parameters.
Traceability and Spectral Analysis of Transmission Error in Rotary Vector Planetary Gear Reducers
Authors: Zhu Xinping , Huang Zhongxing , Shi Wuxi , Shi Liqing
Published: January 2025

The rotary vector planetary gear reducer is a critical joint reducer widely employed in various robotic systems. Due to numerous components and complex motion, the machining and assembly of its components significantly impact its motion accuracy. This paper utilizes transmission error (TE) traceability analysis and Fourier analysis to identify and characterize the TE components in rotary vector planetary reducers. By analyzing the motion characteristics of individual components, this study identifies the frequency characteristics of each component. Fourier frequency domain discretization, based on experimental TE measurements, verifies these characteristics, identifying the main factors affecting TE and providing theoretical support for enhancing transmission accuracy.
Cross-Brand Machine Learning of Coffee’s Temporal Liking from Temporal Dominance of Sensations Curves
Authors: Natsume Hiroharu , Okamoto Shogo
Published: January 2025

The temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) method captures assessors’ real-time sensory experiences during food tasting, while the temporal liking (TL) method evaluates dynamic changes in food preferences or perceived deliciousness. These sensory evaluation tools are essential for understanding consumer preferences but are also resource-intensive processes in the food development cycle. In this study, we used reservoir computing, a machine learning technique well-suited for time-series data, to predict temporal changes in liking based on the temporal evolution of dominant sensations. While previous studies developed reservoir models for specific food brands, achieving cross-brand prediction—predicting the temporal liking of one brand using a model trained on other brands—is a critical step toward replacing human assessors. We applied this approach to coffee products, predicting temporal liking for a given brand from its TDS data using a model trained on three other brands. The average prediction error across all brands was approximately 10% of the maximum instantaneous liking scores, and the mean correlation coefficients between the observed and predicted temporal scores ranged from 0.79 to 0.85 across the four brands, demonstrating the model’s potential for cross-brand prediction. This approach offers a promising technique for reducing the costs of sensory evaluation and enhancing product development in the food industry.