bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Quercetin Flavonoid Compounds in Red Onion (Allium cepa L.) as Inhibitor of Spike Sars-CoV-2 Protein against ACE2 Receptors
Authors: Azmi Syifa Zahara Kultsum , Sunarno Sunarno , Rahmah Sinta Aulia , Andriani Melisa , Farobi Azlya Reza Lailul , Ahlina Luke Nur
Published: April 2022

The world is facing the challenge of the COVID-19 disease, which is now stated as a pandemic. Inside the host cell, spike envelope protein (spike) of SARS-CoV-2 interact with the Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. It can be inhibited by bioactive compounds such as flavonoids which have anti-viral and broad pharmacological effect. This study aimed to determine the spike protein inhibitory activity by quercetin against the ACE2 receptor using the molecular docking method. This study focused on the inhibitory of the penetration activity of s proteins in ACE2 by utilizing natural material compounds that have the potential to be used as anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug development agents. The flavonoid compound quercetin was extracted by the maceration method. The quantitative analysis was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to prove the presence of quercetin content. Molecular docking simulations were carried out to look for the binding affinity between the spike protein and quercetin. Docking was carried out using the Autodock, PyRx, and visualization using Discovery Studio. Indicators that prove that quercetin forms binding affinity and protein complexes with spikes are the Vina Score and RMSD. It is also supported by ADME analysis and conformity to Lipinski's rules of five. That matter becomes a success indicator of the spike activity inhibition by quercetin, which makes it possible to be used as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug development agent. The novelty from this study is molecular docking method that used to show that quercetin in red onion had inhibitory activity on the penetration process of protein spike in SARS-CoV-2. Results obtained from this study can be used as a recommendation for advanced research in invitro and invivo studies as a drug which has potential to inhibit protein spike of SARS-CoV-2.
Embryo and Seed Germination of Pisang Klutuk Wulung (Musa balbisiana Colla) After Storage
Authors: Kurniajati Wulan Septiningtyas , Rahayu Resa Sri , Prawestri Apriliana Dyah , Zaelani Ahmad , Martanti Diyah , Herlina Herlina , Poerba Yuyu Suryasari
Published: April 2022

Pisang Klutuk Wulung is one of Musa balbisiana accessions which has potential for genetic improvement of cultivated banana so that its conservation is essential. This research aimed to study the post-storage germination of Indonesian seeds of Pisang Klutuk Wulung. Storage methods were carried out using a factorial completely randomized design with three factors: packing methods using vacuum and non-vacuum plastic bags; storage temperature at 25ºC, 4ºC, and -20ºC; and storage duration by 7, 14, 30, and 50 days. The germinations were done in vitro and ex vitro. The results showed that seeds stored at 25ºC in non-vacuum plastic bags were infested by molds, contrasting to the non-vacuum treatment. The sterilization method using 25% sodium hypoclorite, Tween 20, and 80% alcohol resulted in less contamination than 96% alcohol. In vitro germination from the vacuum treatment had a higher germination rate than non-vacuum treatment. However, ex vitro germination was not affected by the storage method. Similar patterns were seen in vitro and ex vitro germination as storage in 4ºC resulted in better seed germination after 30 and 50 days. In contrast, at -20ºC, no embryo germinated in all storage duration treatments. Pisang Klutuk Wulung seeds could not be stored in the long term as they rapidly lost their viability. Our finding showed that airtight condition by vacuum treatment and low temperature at 4ºC were able to maintain seed viability for longer period of storage. Thus, this finding was useful to improve Musa breeding programs and as an essential step for the long-term conservation of Musa genetic resources.
Population Study of Endemic Java Palm Pinanga javana in Mount Ungaran, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Zulkarnaen Rizmoon Nurul , Helmanto Hendra , Wihermanto Wihermanto , Primananda Enggal , Robiansyah Iyan , Kusuma Yayan Wahyu Candra
Published: April 2022

The discovery of Pinaga javana Blume in Mount Ungaran is new information for the distribution of this palm because there was no record of this palm on Mount Ungaran. Therefore, to reveal the population of P. javana in Mount Ungaran, this research was carried out to determine the population structure and habitat preference of P. javana. The study for P. javana was conducted using the focused survey method to explore all the side of Mount Ungaran (northern, southern, western, and eastern). The total area explored is 13 locations. All palm individuals have been recorded for diameter, height, and habitat. The results showed that from 13 locations, the population of P. javana was only found in 5 locations. Mainly on the southern side of Mount Ungaran. The total population of P. javana is around 213 individuals. The highest number of individuals is in the seedlings stage. The population of P. javana found is mostly on steep slopes compared to ridges that tend to be flat. In addition, the suspected habitat as a specific preference is the position of the slopes that are closer to the water source (river). The study also found that the distribution of P. javana was assisted by a dispersal agent (forest civet). In general, this study provides new information for the distribution records of P. javana in Java. Therefore, in this palm conservation function, special efforts are needed to increase the population of P. javana on Mount Ungaran.
Proline Reduction and Increasing Growth of Vanilla Plants Induced by BNR Fungus with Dose of Goat Manure and Husk Charcoal
Authors: Haryuni Haryuni , Amin Muhamad , Suprapti Endang , Dewi Tyas Soemarah Kurnia , Hartoyo Eko
Published: April 2022

Goat manure and husk charcoal are agricultural wastes that have not been used optimally, contain soil microorganisms that are effective in converting nutrients into more perfect forms, play a role in improving soil physical properties and increase the ability of soil to bind nutrients. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of goat manure and husk charcoal to proline reduction and increase growth of vanilla plant induced by Binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR). The study was designed with a factorial completely randomized block design. The first factor is the dose of manure (0,5,10,15) g/plant, the second factor is the dose of husk charcoal (0,5, 10, 15) g/plant. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance ANOVA with Duncan's Multiple Distance Test (DMRT) with a significant difference of 5%. The effect of doses of goat manure and husk charcoal induced by BNR can reduce proline contents and increase growth of vanilla plant. The benefit of this research is to provide treatment information to reduce proline levels and increase plant growth with the application of goat fertilizer and husk charcoal.
Implementation of E-Module Integrated Science Based on Joyful Learning with Breathing System Theme on Studentsâ€™ Critical Thinking Skills and Learning Independency
Authors: Rahmawati Ayu Ariana , Parmin Parmin
Published: April 2022

This research aims to determine the effect of e-module on students' critical thinking and learning independence development. The design of this research was quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group design. The sample was drawn using a random sampling technique with VIII D class as the experiment group and VIII C class as the control group. The data were collected through taking documentation data, tests, observation, and questionnaires. Using e-module was measured and analyzed by using t-test then descriptive analysis of observation and questionnaire. The research shows that t-test analysis to students' critical thinking skills is 10,77741 > 2,0003, meaning that there is a significant difference because tvalue > ttable. Meanwhile, for students' learning independency, it shows that r=0,9319 and the coefficient of determination of 86,84% mean that e-module has a positive effect on learning independency. Students also gave a good response of 83,87% so it can be concluded that e-module Integrated Science based on joyful learning was successfully affected' critical thinking skills and learning independency.
Development of Problem-based Motion Graphic Video on the Global Warming Theme to practice High-Level Thinking Skills and Collaborative Ability for Junior High School Students
Authors: Rani Widiyastuti Jaya , Wusqo Indah Urwatin
Published: April 2022

Higher order thinking skills are an important part of the 21st century because it demands that a teacher be able to foster students' thinking abilities. In addition, the demands for special skills that need to be empowered in learning activities that must be possessed are collaboration skills. The results of the observations show that SMP N 38 Semarang still needs to be developed to deliver students to have higher-order thinking skills and collaboration abilities. Problem-based motion graphic video media is one of the media developed to train higher-order thinking skills and collaboration skills of students. The results of the feasibility analysis of the media before being tested were very feasible with an average percentage of 95.8% of the results of the media experts and 92.6% of the results of the validation of the material experts. The characteristics of video motion graphics are (1) a two-dimensional animation media, (2) the motion graphics developed based on the characteristics of problem-based learning, (3) contain question exercises combined with motion graphics that can train students' high-order thinking skills, (4) there are discussion activities that can train collaboration skills, (5) it can be used anytime and anywhere. The results of the analysis of high-order thinking skills of students got a percentage of 68% in the good category. The results of the discussion analysis on collaboration ability get a percentage of above 62.5% in the very good category and the good category.
Interactions between the mechanical and hydraulic properties of Eucalyptus trees under different environmental conditions of fertilization and water availability
Authors: Arnaud Charlene , Brancheriau Loïc , Sabatier Sylvie , Heinz Christine , Chaix Gilles , Tomazello-Filho Mario
Published: April 2022

Water and potassium are limiting factors for tree growth. Their influence on morphology and anatomy are well known, but their combined effects on tree growth remain to be clarified. A single clone of Eucalyptus grandis was analyzed under different treatments of rainfall exclusion and fertilization. Eight trees per treatment were sampled to investigate the influence of these treatments on the morphological, mechanical, and anatomical traits. The results showed that the fertilization mainly influenced the morphological and anatomical characteristics. Considering the difference between the fertilized and non-fertilized trees, the function of mechanical support was provided through increasing the diameter and the stiffness. Considering the fertilized trees, two different mechanisms occurred inducing a high stiffness: the wood density was higher for trees with rainfall exclusion; the specific modulus was higher for trees with a normal water supply.
On the results of the implementation of the target research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine "Materials for medicine and medical equipment and technologies for their production and use" for 2017—2021
Authors:   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Firstov Sergiy
Published: April 2022

The report presents the most important scientific, scientific-technical and practical results of the target research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine "Materials for medicine and medical equipment and technologies for their production and use" in 2017-2021. Due to the fulfillment of the program’s tasks, the complex of domestic competitive biomaterials and methods of their use, hemostatic agents, wound-healing and antibacterial dressings, equipment and tools for complex operations that have no world analogues, biocompatible drug carriers, diagnostic methods ensuring the successful conduct of reconstructive surgery at the modern world level are developed.
Remote Stewardship for Medically Underserved Nurseries: A Stepped-Wedge, Cluster Randomized Study
Authors: Cantey Joseph B. , Correa Cynthia C. , Dugi Daniel D. , Huff Erin , Olaya Jorge E. , Farner Rachael
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Antibiotic overuse is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Many medically underserved centers lack pediatric antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) support. Telestewardship may mitigate this disparity. Authors of this study aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of a nursery-specific ASP delivered remotely.

METHODS

Remote ASP was implemented in 8 medically underserved newborn nurseries using a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized design over 3 years. This included a 15-month baseline period, a 9-month “step-in” period using random nursery order, and a 12-month postintervention period. The program consisted of education, audit, and feedback; and 24/7 infectious diseases provider-to-provider phone consultation availability. Outcomes included each center’s volume of antibiotic use and the proportion of infants exposed to any antibiotics. Safety measures included length of stay, transfer to another facility, sepsis, and mortality.

RESULTS

During the study period, there were 9277 infants born (4586 preintervention, 4691 postintervention). Infants exposed to antibiotics declined from 6.2% pre-ASP to 4.2% post-ASP (relative risk 0.68 [95% confidence interval, 0.63% to 0.75%]). Total antibiotic use declined from 117 to 84.1 days of therapy per 1000 patient-days (-28% [95% confidence interval −22% to −34%]. No safety signals were observed. Most provider-to-provider consultations were <5 minutes in duration and occurred during normal business hours.

CONCLUSIONS

The number of infants exposed to antibiotics and total antibiotic use declined in medically underserved nurseries after implementing a remote ASP. No adverse safety events were seen, and the remote ASP time demands were manageable. Remote stewardship may be a safe and effective strategy for optimizing antibiotic use in medically underserved newborn nurseries.
Diferenças sociais e o papel da escola na sociedade
Authors: De Freitas Poso Fabiana , Alves Pereira Willian , Silva Dejosi Nery Aline , Andrade Pinto Monteiro Bruno
Published: April 2022

Atualmente, vivemos os impactos de uma pandemia inesperada, causada pela COVID-19, a qual repercutiu diretamente sobre as estratégias de ensino. Com isso as desigualdades sociais no contexto educacional se destacaram, principalmente às que atravessaram as questões étnicos-raciais. Desta forma, o presente trabalho visou investigar as relações das questões socioeducativas que emergiram durante a pandemia e correlacioná-las com as perspectivas de um período pós-pandêmico, a partir de curso de extensão pela promoção de debates relacionados à vida universitária e aos problemas causados pela pandemia. Os cursistas preencheram um formulário que instigou reflexões no intuito de colaborar com a construção de estratégias em um contexto pós-pandêmico menos desigual. As respostas foram categorizadas e analisadas de acordo com Laurence Bardin. Como resultado percebe-se que serão grandes os desafios da educação para o momento pós-pandemia; no entanto, para que os efeitos não sejam ainda mais prejudiciais, é preciso que as atividades estejam contextualizadas à realidade dos educandos para uma educação mais democrática e inclusiva.
Palavras-chave: Pandemia; desigualdades educacionais; análise de conteúdo.
Gaming disorder and the COVID-19 pandemic: Treatment demand and service delivery challenges
Authors: King Daniel L. , Achab Sophia , Higuchi Susumu , Bowden-Jones Henrietta , Müller Kai W. , Billieux Joël , Starcevic Vladan , Saunders John B. , Tam Philip , Delfabbro Paul H.
Published: April 2022

Gaming activities have conferred numerous benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, some individuals may be at greater risk of problem gaming due to disruption to adaptive routines, increased anxiety and/or depression, and social isolation. This paper presents a summary of 2019–2021 service data from specialist addiction centers in Germany, Switzerland, Japan, and the United Kingdom. Treatment demand for gaming disorder has exceeded service capacity during the pandemic, with significant service access issues. These data highlight the need for adaptability of gaming disorder services and greater resources and funding to respond effectively in future public health crises.
Nuevo epígrafe de un «procurator Augusti» de Tiberio hallado en «Asturica Augusta» («provincia Hispania citerior»)
Authors: Martino-García David
Published: April 2022

Se presenta la edición de una placa epigráfica fragmentada hallada en Asturica Augusta, que contiene parte del cursus honorum de un caballero romano llamado Treb. Nepos, cuyo principal puesto fue el de procurator Augusti de Tiberio (14-37 d. C.).
Calculating the settling velocity of cohesive sediment based on semi-empirical method
Authors: Le Nguyen Hoa Tien , Vo Luong Hong Phuoc
Published: April 2022

Settling velocity is an important parameter affecting the characteristics of sediment transport. Especially for cohesive sediment in estuarine or mangrove areas, determination of settling velocity is extremely complex. The study focuses on anlalyzing the relationship between settling velocity and sediment concentration. Based on the empirical formulas of Hwang (1989) and experimental data of Mehta and Li (2003), the settling velocity by concentration is considered with variation of four parameters a, b, m and n. The method is applied to calculate the settling velocity of cohesive sediment in Can Gio Biosphere Reserve, Ho Chi Minh city. From collected sediment samples in fieldwork, the settling column test is used to determine settling velocities. With 38 data of experimental settling velocity, the semi-empirical curve is determined. The results show that the settling velocity in free settling is about 0.28 × 10-5 m/s; the maximum velocity is about 0.99 × 10-3 m/s corresponding to the maximum concentration of 4.7 kg/m3. The resulting values of a, b, m and n are 0.05; 3.5; 3 and 3.2, respectively. The results are reliable to real applications.
Reef related fisheries resources, spawning and nursery grounds of target species in Quy Nhon bay, Binh Dinh province
Authors: Long Nguyen Van , Mai Xuan Dat , Thai Minh Quang
Published: April 2022

Coral reef-related fishery resources in Quy Nhon bay were assessed at four communes in 2016, using an investigation note with additional input from consultations with experienced local fishermen. This information was ground-truthed during field survey assessments of spawning and nursery grounds of target resources (December 2016 and April–June 2017). The total catch of reef-related target resources was about 637 tons/year, including 536 tons of fish, 130 tons of mollusks, 0.34 tons of spiny lobsters, 19 tons of collector urchins, and 3 tons/year of Gracilaria seaweeds. There were some 936,450 juveniles of fishes and lobster caught in each year, in which some 576,000 individuals of grouper juveniles (orange-spotted grouper and six-bar grouper) were mainly caught by Ghenh Rang commune, and some 360,450 individuals of lobster ‘seeds’ were caught by the four communes (Nhon Ly, Nhon Hai, Ghenh Rang and Nhon Chau). The total revenue from fishing at the 4 locations was some 90.81 billion VND (about 4,128,000 USD), with the highest value being recorded in Nhon Hai (41.23 billion VND), Nhon Ly (28.53 billion VND), Ghenh Rang (13.06 billion VND), and the lowest in Nhon Chau (7.99 billion VND). Commercial resources contributed 35.43% (32.17 billion VND) and seed collection 64.57% (58.64 billion VND). There were 16 important grounds found in Quy Nhon bay, including three spawning grounds of cuttlefishes and murex snails, and 13 nursery grounds of swimming crabs, lobster ‘seeds’, sea cucumbers, rabbitfishes, and groupers, in which Nhon Hai and Ghenh Rang supported six grounds for each.
Application of the passive bioacoustic technique in the determination of some croaker species in the estuaries of Quang Ninh - Hai Phong
Authors: Pham Van Chien , Nguyen Van Quan , Nguyen Cong Son , Pham Van Tung , Nguyen Duc The , Nguyen Thi Kim Anh , Hin-Kiu Mok
Published: April 2022

The passive bioacoustic technique has the principle of operation is to use underwater sound recording equipment, collecting the sound signals emitted by fish during the spawning season, analyze by software, through which it is possible to identify identified species name, population size, and the location of broodstock spawning in the study area. In this study, we used a combination of the passive bioacoustic method and analyzing the density of fish eggs and larvae of croaker species in the Tien Yen estuary (Quang Ninh province), Bach Dang estuary and Van Uc estuary (Hai Phong city) to identify spawning grounds of croaker in these areas. By analyzing samples of fish eggs, larvae, and acoustic signals of broodstock collected in August 2018 and September 2019, we identified four spawning grounds of croaker in the Tien Yen estuary, two spawning grounds of croaker in Bach Dang estuary and two in Van Uc estuary.
Scenario-based tsunami hazard assessment for the coast of Vietnam from the \(109^{o}\) Meridian fault zone
Authors: Nguyen Hong Phuong , Bui Cong Que , Vu Van Phong , Pham The Truyen
Published: April 2022

Located on the continental shelf and stretching approximately 1,000 km along the Central and Southern Central coasts of Vietnam, the 109o Meridian Fault system has long been recognized as seismically active. Empirical evidence of the seismic, volcanic, and submarine landslide activities also suggests that this fault might be capable of originating near-field tsunamis, which can harm the Vietnamese coastal zone. This paper investigates the possibility of the near-field tsunamis from the 109o Meridian Fault and their impact on the Vietnamese coasts. Location and segmentation of the 109o Meridian fault were determined using seismological, geophysical data, and geomorphologic evidence. The fault’s seismotectonic and geodynamic characteristics were used to model the tsunami source. The COMCOT model was used for simulating three worst-case tsunami scenarios excited by earthquakes with Mw = 8.0 originated in two different segments of the 109o Meridian Fault source. The relationship between tsunami wave height and the source-to-coast travel time is investigated in detail at the virtual sea-level stations distributed along the Vietnamese coastline. The simulation results are presented in the deep-ocean tsunami amplitude maps for the entire East Vietnam Sea region and the coastal tsunami amplitude maps for the Vietnamese coasts. The simulation results show the highest tsunami hazards concentrated along the Central and Southern Central Vietnam coastal zones (from Quang Nam province to Ba Ria-Vung Tau province), with the highest tsunami waves not exceeding 4 m observed off-shore the Quang Ngai, Phu Yen and Ninh Thuan provinces. The shortest tsunami travel time from the source to the Southern Central coast is 35 minutes. Due to its strike-slip mechanism, there is a low possibility of the 109o Meridian fault generating earthquake-triggered tsunamis. Moreover, even if they occurred, the near-field tsunamis generated from the 109o Meridian fault source can hardly cause severe damage and losses for the coastal zones of Vietnam, as shown by the simulation results. Nevertheless, the worst-case scenarios simulation results provide the highest risk that the near-field tsunamis from the 109o Meridian fault source might affect the Vietnamese coasts, which is helpful for the national tsunami warning and response purpose.
Training programmes in Krishi Vigyan Kendra Madurai of Tamil Nadu - An impact study
Authors: Vanetha K.P.
Published: April 2022

The Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK) is of national importance which would help in accelerating the agricultural production and also in improving the socio-economic conditions of the farming community. Training of farmers and in-service extension functionaries is a critical input for the rapid transfer of agriculture technology. Training programme is generally conducted by the Krishi Vigyan Kendras to farmers to acquire knowledge and skill to get income generating activity. The study was conducted at KVK during the training programmes. The present study aims at the transfer of technology by lecture and demonstration method among farmers. Two hundred farmers were purposively selected for the present study to study their socio-economic profile and knowledge gain of farmers. The knowledge of the subjects both at the pre and post-exposure stages were collected using knowledge tests, respectively. The data were analyzed by using frequency and percentage analysis. Findings of the study revealed that most of the trainees were in the middle age group, having education upto middle school level, having marginal landholdings. It could be implied that more number of items were answered correctly by the respondents after participating in the training programme.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM LEVELS OF CYTOKINES AND TOTAL IgE IN CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT AGE WITH SALMONELLOSIS
Authors: Zheleznikova G. F. , Bechtereva M. K. , Volohova O. A. , Monahova N. E.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The serum levels of cytokines and total IgE in 113 children with salmonellosis were tested in ELISA. It was established, that severe course of infection in chidren up to 4 years of age is associated with low level of IL-10, and after 4 years of age with IFNγ deficit. Low level of total IgE is the marker of severe salmonellosis too, particularly in children up to 4 years of age.
Do stimulate® and acadian® promote increased growth and physiological indices of Hymenaea courbaril seedlings?
Authors: Smiderle Oscar José , Souza Aline das Graças , Maia Sonicley da Silva , Reis Nilmar Diogo dos , Costa Jaqueline Severino da , Pereira Gabriel Souza
Published: April 2022

Abstract Products that have biostimulant action on forest seedlings, such as those based seaweed Acadian® and hormones, have been used due to their beneficial effect on the physiology and growth of plants, in order to improve the quality of forest seedlings. The present study establishes as research problem: Can doses of Acadian® algae extract and Stimulate® be effective for the initial growth and physiological indices of jatobá seedlings? The variables evaluated were: shoot height (H), stem diameter (SD), increments in stem diameter (?SD) and shoot height (?H), shoot dry mass (SDM, g plant-1), root dry mass (RDM, g plant-1) and total dry mass (TDM, g plant-1), and Dickson quality index, net assimilation rate (EA, g.m-2.day), leaf relative growth rate (RA, g.m-2.day), leaf area ratio (FA, m2.g-1), specific leaf area (SA, cm2.g-1), leaf mass ratio (Fw, g/g-1) as well as nitrogen balance index (NBI) and chlorophylls. The plant growth regulators (Acadian®) at the dose of maximum technical efficiency of 0.28 ml L-1 promotes an increase in stem diameter in Hymenaea courbaril. Acadian® increases chlorophyll a and b contents in Hymenaea courbaril seedlings. The tested doses of Stimulate® do not increase chlorophyll a and b contents in H. courbaril seedlings.
Estimación Temporal y Espacial de las Sequías e Inundaciones Meteorológicas con índice China-Z en la Intercuenca Alto Apurímac, Perú
Authors: Cuba Odilon Correa , Surco Rosa Gabriela Coral
Published: April 2022

Resumen La Intercuenca Alto Apurímac (IAA) está ubicada en la sierra sur de los Andes peruanos, en la cabecera de la cuenca amazónica. Este estudio se enfocó en evaluar la distribución espacial y temporal de las sequías e inundaciones meteorológicas a través de la aplicación del método del índice China-Z (CZI) para el periodo 1986-2015, utilizando datos de precipitación observada y del satélite Tropical Rainfall Measuring Missions (TRMM). Los resultados revelaron que la serie de datos observados y de los datos obtenidos del satélite TRMM presentan características estadísticas similares, suficientemente robustas como para representar información pluviométrica. Así, a través de CZI se logró identificar y clasificar las clases de sequías e inundaciones a nivel temporal y espacial, concluyendo que en su mayoría las sequías se presentaron en el mes de diciembre, hacia la zona del oeste de la IAA, siendo los años críticos entre 1988-1992; mientras que las inundaciones ocurrieron con mayor frecuencia en el mes de febrero, hacia la franja este de la IAA, siendo 2011 y 2012 años excepcionales. Así, la investigación mostró que la aplicación de CZI es eficaz para detectar y clasificar sequías e inundaciones para los Andes sudamericanos.
Vigilância em Saúde no âmbito da atenção primária para enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19: revisão documental
Authors: Patiño-Escarcina Jésus Enrique , Medina Maria Guadalupe
Published: April 2022

RESUMO A implementação de medidas não farmacológicas para o combate à pandemia da doença pelo coronavírus 2019 tem sido fundamental. No Brasil, é mister pensar na integração Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) com as ações de Vigilância em Saúde. O objetivo desta revisão foi analisar os documentos normativos produzidos pelo governo federal para o combate à pandemia da Covid-19 sobre a Vigilância em Saúde no âmbito da atenção primária. Foi realizada uma revisão dos documentos oficiais publicados pelo governo federal à temática, em que foram identificados 21 documentos. Destaca-se maior apoio à implementação de ações de detecção e notificação dos casos e contatos intramuros do que à busca ativa na comunidade, às ações educativas no território, às ações de engajamento com a comunidade, ao fortalecimento à adesão às medidas preventivas, à melhoria do fluxo de informações ou ao apoio aos equipamentos sociais da comunidade. Pouco se tem produzido sobre a articulação da APS com as equipes de vigilância do município. Esses achados reforçam o alertado por outros autores sobre a insuficiente importância atribuída à APS no País, especialmente quanto à Vigilância em Saúde. O Brasil tem uma das piores gestões da crise sanitária, sendo urgente fortalecer as ações de vigilância.
Health Surveillance within the Primary Healthcare scope to face the Covid-19 pandemics: a document review
Authors: Patiño-Escarcina Jésus Enrique , Medina Maria Guadalupe
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Health Surveillance strategies are crucial to organize a strong national response against the coronavirus disease 2019. In Brazil, it is necessary to think about the integration of the Primary Health Care (PHC) and local Health Surveillance. This review aims to analyze the normative documents produced by the Federal Government on this topic. Official documents published by the Federal Government were reviewed, finding 21 related. It was identified a greater support for implementation of intramural actions related to detection and notification of cases and contacts than for active search of community Covid-19 cases, local educational actions, community engagement, strengthening adherence to preventive measures, improvement of information sharing, or support of community’s social facilities. Little was produced about the articulation of PHC with local surveillance teams. Our findings reinforce what was found by other authors, who attested the insufficient importance attributed to PHC in Brazil, especially with regard to Health Surveillance actions. Unfortunately, our country has stood out for one of the worst managements of the health crisis in the world, and there is an urgent need to strengthen surveillance actions based on a strong, capillary, and community-based PHC.
Covid-19: Repercussions on the mental health of higher education students
Authors: Oliveira Eliany Nazaré , Vasconcelos Maristela Inês Osawa , Almeida Paulo César , Pereira Paulo Jorge de Almeida , Linhares Maria Socorro Carneiro , Ximenes Neto Francisco Rosemiro Guimarães , Aragão Joyce Mazza Nunes
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT This article aimed to assess the repercussions of Covid-19 and social isolation on the mental health of higher education students in Ceará, Brazil. The sample consisted of 3,691 higher education students taking online classes from June to September 2020, who answered to two instruments: a sociodemographic and situational profile questionnaire concerning the pandemic/social isolation, and the Mental Health Inventory. The results showed that 21.2% of the students had their activities canceled, with no expected return. The majority, 77.2%, reported concern about the death of relatives and acquittances by Covid-19. The overall state of mental health average measured by the inventory was 48.8. This result suggests that students had their mental health affected by the conditions imposed by the pandemic. Therefore, edu- cational institutions should promote strategies to protect the mental health of the student community.
Distanciamento social durante a pandemia da Covid-19 e a crise do Estado federativo: um ensaio do contexto brasileiro
Authors: Martins Thalyta Cassia de Freitas , Guimarães Raphael Mendonça
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Este artigo propõe uma análise das medidas de distanciamento social adotadas durante a pan- demia da Covid-19 no Brasil a partir de um recorte temporal desde março de 2020 até o início do ano de 2021. O estudo se baseia em uma análise retrospectiva das medidas de distanciamento social instituídas por cada Unidade Federada (UF) e o respectivo contexto de adoção das medidas de flexibilização nelas. Posteriormente, é feita uma reflexão acerca do impacto do regime federalista vigente no Brasil na adoção das políticas de distanciamento social durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Para tanto, foi feita uma análise documental em notas técnicas, artigos científicos, páginas eletrônicas oficiais do governo, Diário Oficial das UF e boletins epidemiológicos, visando abarcar todas as deliberações legais e orientações oficiais dos governos referentes às medidas de distanciamento social. O estudo evidenciou a necessidade premente de fortalecimento da coordenação federativa na gestão da crise sanitária da Covid-19 e o incentivo a campanhas sociais que endossem a importância e a efetividade das medidas de distanciamento social, além da tomada de decisões que viabilizem isso, como a reinstituição do auxílio emergencial pelo governo.
Genotypic variation of sugarcane for salinity tolerance: Morphological and physiological responses
Authors: Silva Antonia Almeida da , Rubio Zulma Catherine Cardenal , Linhares Paulo Cássio Alves , Silva Ketlen Rocha e , Pimentel Guilherme Vieira , Marchiori Paulo Eduardo Ribeiro
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important crop due to sugar, ethanol and bioenergy production. Its cultivation may occur in tropical regions exposed to high salinity. The aim was to identify cultivars tolerant to salinity to allow the cultivation of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in saline soils. To test the hypothesis that sugarcane show natural genotypic variation to salinity tolerance, we tested ten cultivars (SP80-3280, RB855453 RB966928, RB855156, SP80-1842, SP80-1816, RB928064, RB867515, RB92579, RB855536) and two sugarcane species: IM76-228 (S. robustum) and IN84-82 (S. spontaneum) under two concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl): control (concentration found naturally in the soil used: electrical conductivity of 0.083 dS m-1) and soil enriched with NaCl: EC of 7.2 dS m-1. Biometry and photosynthesis traits were evaluated. The plants were collected and leaf (LDM), stem (SDM), root and total dry matter were used to estimate the tolerance index (TI). A cluster analysis was done to identify phenotypic dissimilarity. Three distinct groups regarding salinity tolerance on biomass-basis were formed. The cultivars RB855156, SP80-1842, SP80-1816 and species IM76-228 showed no reduction in LDM and SDM. Nonetheless, the cultivars SP80-3280, RB928064, RB92579 and species IN84-82 were impaired by salinity. The cultivar SP80-1816 showed the highest biomass accumulation and the highest TI. Therefore, we found a great genotypic variation regarding salinity tolerance in sugarcane, which can be explored by growers to cultivate in saline soils. Also can be used by the Sugarcane Breeding Programs to improve the salinity tolerance.
Quality of African mahogany seedlings in substrates with soils from the Cerrado biome
Authors: Lucena Junior Aldemir , Silva Alinne da , Dionísio Luiz Fernandes Silva , Silva Gabriel Rego da , Sousa Geslanny Oliveira , Moraes Cristiano Bueno
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT The organic residues can be used in the composition of substrates, but there is a need to demonstrate the technical efficiency of organic residues. The objective was to evaluate substrates composed of varying proportions of soil of different texture and organic residues, in order to obtain good quality African mahogany seedlings. The experiment was carried out in two stages, one in a forest nursery and the other in the field, both located in the Cerrado biome, Western Maranhão, Northeast region of Brazil. The design was in randomized blocks, with eleven treatments and seven replications. The morphological variables of growth and quality were evaluated for 105 days in the nursery and 270 days in the field. The results showed that all substrates produced seedlings with adequate robustness and Dickson quality index. The seedlings produced in substrates with proportions ranging from 70 to 30% of soil, 15 to 30% of tanned cattle manure and 15 to 20% of carbonized rice husks presented a better quality standard, considering the higher values of nutrient content, morphological characteristics and Dickson quality index. However, when planted in the field, only seedlings that were produced in substrates with clayey textured soil, with up to 20% of carbonized rice husk, showed greater growth in height, as the substrate remained adhered to the root when removed from the container. Therefore, the adherence of the substrate to the root system of the seedlings was the main factor for the greater growth of the seedlings under field conditions.
Acaricide resistance in Boophilus microplus ticks collected from two ecological Zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Qasim M. , Hafeez M. A. , Ahmad N. , Anjum A. A. , Oneeb M.
Published: April 2022

Abstract Boophilus microplus is a major cattle tick specie causing great economic loss to the dairy industry throughout the globe including Pakistan. Trichlorfon and Deltamethrin are used to control bovine ticks, and their sprays are also used in other pest control programs that exert pressure on ticks to gain resistance. This study is aimed to examine the resistance level of Rhipiciphalus microplus against trichlorfon and deltamethrin. The engorged ticks were collected from two ecological regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, KPK Pakistan i.e., Swat & Dir (zone-1), and Charsadda & Nowshera (zone-2). Four concentrations of acaricides in two-fold and ten-fold ppm with three replicates for each were used in both bioassays. Egg hatch assay and adult immersion tests were used to assess the resistance status. The probit analysis of egg hatch assay showed the highest hatching percentage in zone 1 on both dilutions (67-76% on two-fold and 68-88% on ten-fold dilution) while lethal concentration (LC95) was found to be 2.187 ppm and discriminating dose (DD) as 4.374 ppm for trichlorfon. In zone 2, hatching percentage was 73-84 on two-fold and 72-91% on ten-fold dilution while LC95 was recorded as 0.599 ppm and DD as 1.198 ppm. The same parameters were studied for deltamethrin and in zone 1 the hatching percentage was found as 38-56% on two-fold dilution and 37-80% on ten-fold dilution while LC95 was recorded as 0.001 ppm and DD as 0.002 ppm. In zone 2, the hatchability was recorded as 42-58% on two-fold and 43-85% on ten-fold dilution. The values for LC95 was recorded as 0.001 ppm and DD as 0.002 ppm. Further, analysis of adult immersion test against trichlorfon revealed the values of LC50 as 2.85 ppm and LC95 as 4.71 ppm in zone 1 and in zone 2 as 3.14 ppm and 5.28 ppm, respectively. Similarly, LC50 and LC95 against deltamethrin was recorded as 0.79 ppm & 1.71 ppm in zone 1 and 0.45 ppm & 4.325 ppm in zone 2, respectively. Based on the findings of this study, the isolated Rhipicephalus microplus was found to be more resistant to the widely used acaricides i.e., trichlorfon than deltamethrin. In order to maintain the efficacy of acaricides at country level, the study recommends continuous monitoring of resistance.
A sucessão geracional na pecuária familiar do extremo sul do Brasil
Authors: Silva Monica Nardini da , Anjos Flávio Sacco dos
Published: April 2022

Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender as disposições que envolvem as dinâmicas sucessórias em estabelecimentos rurais da pecuária familiar no município de Jaguarão/RS. A pesquisa consiste em um estudo de natureza qualitativa baseado no uso da entrevista em profundidade como instrumento da coleta de dados. Foram realizadas 31 entrevistas, das quais 29 com pecuaristas familiares e duas com agentes do serviço oficial de extensão rural local. Os dados foram tratados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. O marco teórico está centrado na análise das singularidades do pecuarista familiar e da questão da sucessão geracional, partindo da perspectiva sociológica centrada no patrimônio de disposições de Lahire. Os resultados destacaram que a realidade e o contexto sociocultural que envolve os estabelecimentos familiares são fatores que interferem diretamente na reprodução social dessas famílias. Dois aspectos são primordiais para a sucessão geracional: o gostar da atividade e a vocação para exercer tal ofício. De acordo com os resultados, não há um padrão sucessório definido na pecuária familiar. Nos estabelecimentos que contam com potenciais sucessores, a tendência é seguir com a atividade pecuária; já naqueles onde não há perspectiva de sucessão, os caminhos apontados são o abandono, a venda e/ou o arrendamento das propriedades.
We need to talk about the use of methylphenidate by medical students - review of the literature
Authors: Amaral Natália Aparecida , Tamashiro Eliza Maria , Celeri Eloisa Helena Rubello Valler , Santos Junior Amilton dos , Dalgalarrondo Paulo , Azevedo Renata Cruz Soares de
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Studies methylphenidate (MPH) has been used by medical students to increase their mental activity and improve the performance required during undergraduate school, generating concern regarding the risks to their physical and mental health. This scenario indicates the need for specifically aimed measures in medical schools. Objective: To review the literature about the use of MPH without medical indication amongst medical students. Method: A thorough review of the literature published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, between 2013 and 2019, based on data made available by Pubmed and Scielo, utilizing keywords in the three above languages, along the four stages of the selection process. Results and Discussion: Altogether, 224 articles were found, of which 25 were selected after reading, dealing with the use of MPH or ‘cognition enhancer’ by undergraduate medical students without a doctor’s prescription. The research indicated significant variability in the frequency of consumption, related to the investigated pattern of use, use with or without indication, before or after entering University and country where the study was carried out. The most frequent justification for the use without medical indication was to attain improvement in academic performance. A lack of research with a fair appraisal of the cognition, behavioral and psychic risks involved, among them addiction and the approach of the topic in medical schools, was noted. Conclusion: The high rates of usage of MPH by medical students aiming at cognitive enhancement strengthens the importance of preventative actions in medical schools. The strategies must consider information concerning the risks of use (of MPH) without medical indication; non-pharmacological interventions for performance improvement; sleep hygiene measures organization for adequate study activities; broad discussions about ethical aspects and curricular structure.
A cidade neoliberal e a soberania de dados: mapeamento do cenário dos dispositivos de dataficação em São Paulo
Authors: Schiavi Iara , Silveira Sérgio Amadeu da
Published: April 2022

Resumo O artigo visa relacionar o desenvolvimento da cidade de São Paulo estruturada no liberalismo econômico e, posteriormente, no neoliberalismo, com os processos atuais de extração de dados por meio de plataformas digitais e empresas big techs baseadas na dataficação. Argumentamos que a soberania de dados é um elemento indispensável à possibilidade de que os cidadãos e administração pública tenham controle sobre os dados pessoais gerados a partir da vida citadina e possam determinar o que a cidade pode vir a ser, considerando a ideia de direito à cidade (Harvey, 2014). Nosso objetivo é realizar um mapeamento exploratório do posicionamento de São Paulo nesse cenário. Para tal, foi feito um levantamento dos dispositivos de dataficação urbanos na cidade operacionalizados pela Prefeitura, mas também pela iniciativa privada. Esse mapeamento resultou em 35 dispositivos, sendo 30 deles com influência direta em processos de mobilidade, consumo e trabalho. Concluímos que São Paulo insere-se no mercado de dados pessoais e que tais processos interferem em diversos elementos da vida urbana, mas que a soberania ainda não é um elemento considerado na tomada de decisão para adoção de tais dispositivos.
Rediscovery of Hemitrichia leiocarpa (Trichiales, Myxomycetes) in Brazil
Authors: Parentes Jaíne Maria Silva , Cavalcanti Laise de Holanda
Published: April 2022

Abstract Hemitrichia leiocarpa was collected in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, in 1968, and five decades passed before its second collection in the country. The species was rediscovered in the Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve, municipality of Quebrangulo, state of Alagoas, 225 km from the first location. A description of specimens that sporulated in moist chamber culture prepared with ground litter and deposited in the Myxomycetes collection of the UFP Herbarium is provided. Detailed and updated information on the worldwide geographical distribution of the species is provided, as well as information on substrates and microhabitats based on bibliographic sources and herbarium catalogues. The species can be considered near threatened (NT) based on IUCN criteria and its inclusion in the Brazilian Red List of Threatened Species is recommended.
Synopsis of Orchidaceae from Fazenda Sete Irmãos: a fragment of Amazon Forest in northwestern Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Silva Maycon Jordan Costa da , Pansarin Emerson Ricardo , Pessoa Edlley , Silva Eduardo Oliveira , Albuquerque Patrícia Maia Correia de , Oliveira Miguel Sena de , Silva Junior Wagner Ribeiro da , Santos Kedma Nunes , Lima Jonaina Ferreira , Ferreira Alessandro Wagner Coelho
Published: April 2022

Abstract This study provides an inventory of the Orchidaceae in one of the most threatened areas of the Brazilian Amazon, situated in the eastern portion of the Belém Endemism Center. A total of 51 species, distributed in 24 genera, are recorded. Epiphytes represent 86% of the species, the remaining are terricolous (6%), hemiepiphytic (6%) or myco-heterotrophic (2%). The most representative genera were Epidendrum (6 spp.) and Maxillaria (5 spp.). This study cites for the first time five genera (Coryanthes, Sarcoglottis, Stelis, Trichosalpinx and Wullschlaegelia) and ten species for the flora of Maranhão, of which four are new records to the Brazilian Northeast. An identification key, photographs of the new records, taxonomic and ecological comments, as well as geographic distribution are provided. The data reinforce the importance of the forest fragments of the Amazon Forest in Maranhão for the conservation of Orchidaceae which is constantly threatened by deforestation in the Belém Endemism Center.