bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Olaparib reverses prostate cancer resistance to Rapamycin by promoting macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype
Authors: Ye Kai , Shi Gang , Xu Jian , Qiao Kunyan , Dai Qinghai , Huo Zhixiao , Cao Yu , Liu Wei , Hu Yue , Yan Lihua , Zhu Yu , Li Ping , Su Rui , Xu Liang , Mi Yuqiang
Published: November 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Despite its prevalence, treatment outcomes are often unsatisfactory, necessitating the search for more effective therapeutic approaches. mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin (RAPA) has shown promise in managing PCa, but the emergence of resistance often undermines its long-term effectiveness. Recent studies suggest that PARP inhibitor Olaparib (OLP) may overcome drug resistance in various tumor types. This study aims to assess the efficacy of OLP in treating RAPA-resistant PCa, with a specific focus on elucidating its underlying molecular mechanisms. This study utilized drug exposure and concentration escalation experiments to establish human RAPA-resistant PCa cell line (PC-3R) based on the human PCa cell line (PC-3). PC-3R cell lines were screened through a cloning assay. The efficacy of OLP in RAPA-resistant PCa, as well as its regulatory impact on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), was evaluated through a combination of real-time PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence experiments. This study unveiled that the combination of OLP and RAPA effectively suppressed the proliferation, stemness, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis resistance, and anti-oxidative stress capacity of RAPA-resistant PCa. Additionally, it demonstrated the capacity of OLP to regulate macrophage polarization within the tumor microenvironment and reverse drug resistance to RAPA in PCa. The findings of this study lay a theoretical foundation for the potential utilization of OLP in the treatment of RAPA-resistant PCa, offering substantial academic significance and promising application prospects.
Flexible Monolithic 2-terminal Kesterite Cu2ZnSnSe4 /Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Rehan Muhammad , Tran Hung , Jeong Inyoung , Cho Ara , Ahn Sejin , Hong Sungjun , Kim Junho , Kim Kihwan , Yun Jae Ho , Gwak Jihye , Shin Donghyeop
Published: November 2024

Currently, perovskite/Si tandem record cell exceeded 33% efficiency which is higher than a theoretical Si single-junction cell. Given poor flexible Si cells and high demands on BIPV, fabrication of high-efficiency flexible solar cells is essential. Earth-abundant kesterite photovoltaics attract strong attention due to high flexibility and low fabrication cost. Nevertheless, challenges to realize high-efficiency flexible kesterite solar cells remain because of high-growth temperature and rough surface. In this work, the Ag incorporation in CZTSe film addresses aforementioned material and process issues. The highest efficiency of 7.3% has been achieved among flexible CZTSe single-junction cells on polyimide substrate. Moreover, we successfully demonstrated a CZTSe/perovskite tandem solar cell with 16.4% (on glass) and 11.35% (on flexible PI). These results imply that Ag incorporation is a universal method to offer a promising approach to produce flexible chalcogenide solar cells and tandem device applications.
Research on olive mill waste: Insights from patent citations
Authors: Mhamdi Ridha
Published: November 2024

Olive mill waste (OMW), a byproduct of olive oil production, presents significant environmental challenges but offers potential for valorization. This study investigates the technological impact of research on OMW from 1996 to 2023 by analyzing patent citations. Using a dataset of 2,448 publications from Scopus, we identified 151 papers cited by patents (around 7%), including research articles, reviews, and conference papers. Patent citations were analyzed using the SciVal and Espacenet databases, focusing on key technological advancements. The results show a moderate correlation between academic and patent citations, with publications in lower quartiles rarely cited in patents. Notably, 89% of patent citations were attributed to research articles, with reviews and conference papers showing a lower global patent impact. The most cited papers by patents frequently overlap with the most cited works in scientific literature, underscoring their significant influence on both domains. Key research topics include the recovery of valuable compounds, bioenergy production, and innovative wastewater treatment methods. The citing patents reflect a strong emphasis on sustainable processes, circular economy principles, and the transformation of agricultural waste into high-value products. The study highlights disparities between the most influential countries in terms of authorship of cited publications and ownership of citing patents. While Mediterranean countries like Spain and Italy lead in OMW research output, the United States dominates patent ownership, reflecting a gap between research production and technological application. Encouraging international collaboration, particularly between research-producing and patent-owning countries, is crucial for enhancing the technological impact of OMW research.
«Белые пятна» имажинарной этногеографии «Повести временных лет»: Методологические и полемические заметки о локализации общностей дулебов, дреговичей, радимичей, тиверцев и хорватов
Authors: А.С. Щавелев
Published: November 2024

В статье поставлена задача проанализировать сложные случаи локализации отдельных славянских общностей Xвека. В большинстве случаев эта сложность обусловлена дефицитом информации, невозможностью реконструировать изначальный текст того или иного известия и сложностями интерпретации и отождествления ономастических единиц, которые являются географическими маркерами. В статье обосновывается невозможность точной локализации дреговичей, радимичей и тиверцев. Упоминания дулебов в Повести временных лет является анахронизмом, эта общность уже не существовала в Xвеке. Общности хорватов на границах Руси никогда не было, акнязь Владимир Святославич ходил походом на Хорватию на Балканах.

The paper sets the task of analyzing complex cases of localization of some Slavic communities of the 10th century. In most cases, this complexity is due to a lack of information, the inability to reconstruct the original text of a particular text-item, and the difficulties of interpreting and identifying onomastic units, which are geographical markers. The paper proves the impossibility of the exact localization of Dregovichi, Radimichi and Tivertsy. The mention of Dulebes in the Primary Chronicle is an anachronism this community no longer existed in the 10th century. There was never a community of Croats on the borders of Rus, and Prince Vladimir Sviatoslavich went on a campaign against Croatia in the Balkans.
XIII конференция по цифровым подходам к изучению картографического наследия (Мадрид, 18–20 апреля 2018 года)
Authors: И.Г. Коновалова , А.А. Фролов
Published: November 2024

Обзор XIII конференции по цифровым подходам к изучению картографического наследия, состоявшейся в Мадриде с 18 по 20 апреля 2018 г.

Review of the 16th International conference of historical geographers held in London from 5 to 10 July of 2015.
Benchmarking quantum computer simulation software packages: State vector simulators
Authors: Gangapuram Amit Jamadagni , Läuchli Andreas , Hempel Cornelius
Published: November 2024

Rapid advances in quantum computing technology lead to an increasing need for software simulators that enable both algorithm design and the validation of results obtained from quantum hardware. This includes calculations that aim at probing regimes of quantum advantage, where a quantum computer outperforms a classical computer in the same task. High performance computing (HPC) platforms play a crucial role as today’s quantum devices already reach beyond the limits of what powerful workstations can model, but a systematic evaluation of the individual performance of the many offered simulation packages is lacking so far. In this Technical Review, we benchmark several software packages capable of simulating quantum dynamics with a special focus on HPC capabilities. We develop a containerized toolchain for benchmarking a large set of simulation packages on a local HPC cluster using different parallelisation capabilities, and compare the performance and system size-scaling for three paradigmatic quantum computing tasks. Our results can help finding the right package for a given simulation task and lay the foundation for a systematic community effort to benchmark and validate upcoming versions of existing and also newly developed simulation packages.
Evaluating the impact of sales methods on profitability in the Japanese software industry
Authors: Ishikawa Takaaki , Gemba Kiminori
Published: November 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of sales channels, either direct or indirect, on the profitability of software companies in Japan, and to further elucidate the differences in international competitive advantages by comparing Japanese firms with U.S. SaaS companies. This study analyzes the financial data of Japanese software manufacturers listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange over the three-year period from 2020 to 2022. Companies are classified into direct sales and indirect sales groups based on their revenue and operating profit margins. Additionally, Welch’s t-test was performed to compare the profitability of these companies, and comparisons were also made with U.S. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) companies. The analysis revealed that Japanese companies adopting indirect sales channels exhibited statistically significantly higher profitability than those using direct sales channels (t = 2.3828, p = 0.0263, mean difference = 0.1701). Moreover, Japanese companies with indirect sales channels also demonstrated significantly higher profitability when compared to U.S. SaaS companies (t = 4.7911, p = 0.00001, mean difference = 0.3874). These findings suggest that, particularly in the small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) market, the use of indirect sales channels effectively bridges the IT literacy gap and enhances profitability. This study concludes that indirect sales channels serve as a strategic factor that strengthens the competitive advantage of Japanese software companies and contributes to the improvement of profitability.
Evaluating the impact of microstructure modifications on thin film photoelectric properties
Authors: Liu Tao
Published: November 2024

Microstructure modifications on thin photoelectrical properties refers to changes in the microscopic structure of thin films that affect their ability to convert light into electricity. This study investigates the deposition and post-treatment effects in the electric and visual qualities of GZO, IZO, and ZnO thin layers, aiming to enhance their applicability in electronic and optoelectronic devices, according to the X-raydiffraction (XRD) examination. Thin films were deposited on glass substrates using magnetic sparking at thicknesses of 300 nm and 500 nm, followed by treatments like wet aging and annealing at 220 °C. The results showed significant improvements in crystallinity and optical characteristics, with ZnO films exhibiting a preferred (003) orientation. IZO films demonstrated notable mobility at 10.96 cm2/V-sec and resistivity of 2.49×10⁻3 ohm-cm. The novelty of this research is the novel integration of wet aging and low-temperature annealing, that notably improves thin film efficiency while maintaining structural integrity. The findings indicate that post-treatment significantly enhances the properties of these thin films, suggesting their potential for various electronic applications.
Encapsulation Applications and Current Studies in Food Technology
Authors: Korkmaz Kübra , Tunçtürk Yusuf
Published: November 2024

Encapsulation, as a method that provides controlled release and stability of food components, cells, enzymes and different substances in protein or carbohydrate-based mini capsules. In other words, it can also be defined as keeping the active material to be used in nano, micro or millimeter sized coating materials. The encapsulation method has great importance and potential for the food industry. In this method, it is aimed to mask undesirable taste and aroma components, to protect the bioactive compounds used from external factors, to increase the utilization of their functionality, and to control their release during shelf life. Various components such as some valuable food components, essential oils, lipids, aromatic hydrocarbons, vitamins, flavourings, enzymes, colourants, microorganisms, and microbial metabolites can be encapsulated using different methods. In this review, the encapsulation process types, coating materials, application areas in food technology and current studies in the field were investigated in order to understand the method. In the review, general information is given for encapsulation technology and a brief literature summary is intended for new studies to be conducted.
Integrated machine learning models for enhancing tropical rainfall prediction using NASA POWER meteorological data
Authors: Saleh Azlan , Tan Mou Leong , Yaseen Zaher Mundher , Zhang Fei
Published: November 2024

This research evaluates the performance of deep learning (DL) models in predicting rainfall in George Town, Penang, utilizing the open-source NASA POWER meteorological data, which includes variables such as rainfall, dew point, solar radiation, wind speed, relative humidity, and temperature. This study introduces a newly developed hybrid DL based on the integration of a 2D convolutional neural network (CNN2D) with a bidirectional recurrent neural network (BRNN) and a bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BGRU). The proposed models, CNN2D–BGRU and BRNN–BGRU, were compared against standalone models CNN2D, BRNN, and BGRU. The results indicate that the BRNN–BGRU model is the most effective, with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 2.59, a mean absolute error (MAE) value of 1.97, a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) value of 0.79, and a Willmott index (WI) value of 0.88. In a 3-day prediction, the BRNN–BGRU model also performed the best, with a test WI value of 0.83, a PCC value of 0.69, a RMSE value of 3.02, and MAE value of 2.34. The hybrid BRNN–BGRU model consistently excels in predicting multi-step rainfall in tropical regions using the NASA POWER dataset. These findings can contribute to the development of advanced rainfall-predicting systems for more effective management of water resources and flooding in urban areas.
Development and implementation of a leak detection model with the genetic algorithm
Authors: Boztaş Furkan , Firat Mahmut
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to propose a two-step solution methodology based on hydraulic modeling and optimization algorithms using pressure residuals for leak detection water distribution networks (WDNs). In the first step, a leakage detection model is created by performing a series of hydraulic simulations. In the second step, the leak detection problem is defined in accordance with an leakage detection model (LDM)-based solution and a method that will perform the leak detection in WDNs faster and more precisely. The model was tested on a hypothetical network designed for this study and the well-known Hanoi network, a widely used benchmark in hydraulic studies, frequently employed for performance comparison in leak detection research. The cumulative correct result rate is 92%. In the hypothetical network, the most marked node matched with the real leakage location after running the algorithm for a maximum of five times. The method may reduce economic losses by shortening detection times.
Groundwater salinization and suitability assessment in the coastal aquifer of the Thiruvallur district, India
Authors: A Vijayakumar , G Kumar , S Selvakumar
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted to assess the groundwater suitability for drinking and irrigation and to recognize the comprehensive controls of groundwater salinization in the coastal regions of the Thiruvallur district. For this purpose, groundwater from 54 dug and bore wells at locations covering most of the coastal aquifer within 10 km was sampled and analyzed for various physicochemical parameters. The analytical results expose that the groundwater in the study area is slightly alkaline to alkaline, moderately fresh to highly saline, and very high in hardness. The dominance of significant ion concentrations was found in the following order: Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ = Cl− > HCO3− > SO42− > NO3− >PO43− > F–. The Water Quality Index (WQI) map shows that 70% of the groundwater samples are unsuitable for drinking due to the enhanced levels of TDS, salinity, and significant major ionic concentrations. However, the rest of the groundwater samples are in excellent to good condition. The Hydrochemical Facies Evaluation Diagram (HFE-D) reveals that many samples show the overlapping in the mixing line between fresh groundwater and saltwater caused by seawater intrusion.
Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Çok Disiplinli Yaklaşım Uygulamaları: Aile Hekimliği ve Ergoterapi
Authors: İnan Muhammed , Bumin Gonca , Aypak Cenk
Published: November 2024

Sağlık hizmetlerinde takım çalışması, kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Etkili takım çalışması, hastaların hastanede kalma süresini kısaltır ve tekrar hastaneye yatma oranlarını azaltır. Buna ek olarak, takım çalışması sağlık hizmeti sunucularının karşılaştığı zorlukların üstesinden gelmekte ve tükenmişlik sendromu ile işle ilgili memnuniyetsizlik gibi olumsuz durumları hafifletmekte etkili olabilmektedir.
Ergoterapi bireylerin sağlık ve esenliğini günlük aktivitelerle artırmayı amaçlayan bir disiplindir. Bu disiplin, insanların günlük yaşamda bağımsız olmalarına ve sosyal etkileşimlerini artırmalarına yardımcı olur. Aile hekimliği ile ergoterapinin entegrasyonu, bireylerin sağlık ve yaşam kalitesini artırma amacı güden multidisipliner bir metodoloji olarak öne çıkar. Aile hekimliği genel sağlık ihtiyaçlarını ele alırken, ergoterapi bireyin kendine bakım, iş, üretken aktiviteler, oyun ve boş zaman etkinliklerindeki bağımsızlığını destekler. Bu iki disiplinin iş birliği, hastalara kapsamlı bir sağlık bakımı sunulmasını mümkün kılar.
Aile hekimliği ve ergoterapi arasındaki bütüncül ve hasta merkezli ilişki, bireylerin sağlığını hem tıbbi hem de fonksiyonel açıdan ele alarak yaşam kalitesini artırma fırsatı sunar. Ergoterapinin daha geniş bir tanınırlığa kavuşması ve sağlık sistemlerine daha entegre bir biçimde dahil edilmesi bireylerin sağlıklarını koruma ve geliştirme kapasitelerine katkıda bulunabilir.
EXAMINATION OF VARIABLES RELATED TO DISEASE ADAPTATION OF ADULTS DIAGNOSED WITH NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Authors: Bektaş Betül , Tuzcu İnce Ayla
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aims to examine the level of adjustment to illness of adults with at least one non-communicable disease (NCD) in Antalya and some socio-demographic characteristics and health history-related factors that may be related to adjustment to illness.
Methods: This descriptive study included 329 individuals diagnosed with at least one NCD. Data were collected using the descriptive characteristics form and the Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale (ACIS).
Results: The participants’ mean age was 58.76 ± 6.79 years; 62.6% were female, and 28.0% had a low-income level. Most participants had cardiovascular disease (71.7%) and diabetes (59.6%), while 26.1% had respiratory diseases and 3% had cancer. Their mean total ACIS score was 100.01 ± 11.08. The level of adjustment to illness of individuals with NCDs was significantly associated with having respiratory disease, regular health checks, regular drug use, and the general status (perceived health, quality of life) and psychological dimensions of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Turkish Version (WHOQOL-BREF-TR) (p <0.05).
Conclusions: The participants’ mean total ACIS score was above average. Healthcare professionals in family health centers should identify at-risk individuals with low adjustment to their NCD and train them according to their needs.
Análisis bibliométrico de estudios sobre conflictos ambientales y paz
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Claudia Marcela , Ramírez-Galvis María Alejandra , Hernández-Umaña Bernardo Alfredo
Published: November 2024

Este artículo presenta un análisis bibliométrico sobre los estudios relacionados con los conflictos ambientales y la paz producidos por la comunidad científica mundial en los últimos diez años (2015-2024). El objetivo de este análisis es identificar cuáles son los aportes y vacíos de la comunidad científica en torno a estos temas. Para ello se hizo un mapeo científico de la temática de conflictos ambientales y paz, utilizando técnicas y herramientas bibliométricas, en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus. Se revisó la producción científica por años, autores, afiliaciones institucionales y países. Como resultado, se identificaron diversas interacciones asimétricas entre el Norte y el Sur global, y se determinó el carácter emergente de este campo de estudio, lo que permite cuestionar su alcance y destacar oportunidades y desafíos para investigaciones futuras desde el Sur.
Performance of Chatbot Assistant for Stroke Patients Through Quality of Service Metrics
Authors: Arasaf Azwar Rangga
Published: November 2024

Strokes can impede functioning by disrupting blood circulation, leading to functional deficits that may make communication difficult for stroke survivors. Communication issues can significantly lower the quality of life for stroke patients, who often depend on family and caregivers, who may struggle to understand their needs. A stroke patient communication tool using a chatbot assistant system is needed. This system enables patients and caregivers to communicate remotely without disrupting the caregiver's work. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of communication aid devices for stroke patients when integrated with a chatbot assistant system. It also aims to evaluate network performance through Quality-of-Service testing to ensure optimal connectivity for caregivers. The Quality of Service approach assesses the internet network's quality with the support of the Wireshark application. The average outcome for the delay parameter is 163.243 ms, with a 0% result for the packet loss parameter and a throughput value of 16.236 Kbps. Based on these findings, it achieves a score of 3 in one category and excels in delay and throughput. Concerning packet loss, it scores a four and is considered excellent in this area. Based on the findings related to delay, packet loss, and throughput, an average index of 3.33 has been calculated, indicating a positive outcome for Quality of Service evaluation.
The Unit Auxiliary Transformer Analysis By Dissolve Gas Analysis and Breakdown Voltage Test
Authors: Ali Muhamad , Fahreza Firdha Khriska
Published: November 2024

The unit auxiliary transformer (UAT) is critical equipment at the Adipala steam power plant. Failure of this device can cause severe disruption to the generator, which can impact the Java-Bali electric power system. For this reason, the auxiliary transformer needs to be adequately maintained to ensure the equipment is in good condition. This article will discuss predictive maintenance efforts on UAT, including various inspections and tests on transformer oil to ensure the equipment can work properly. The research method includes carrying out various tests on the condition of transformer oil. The testing process involves taking samples of transformer oil, measuring the dissolved gas content, and testing the breakdown voltage in the laboratory. Data analysis using descriptive statistics referring to IEEE C57.104-2019 and IEC 60422-2013 standards. The test results showed that the oil condition increased the amount of dissolved gas beyond the permitted limit. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor oil conditions and temperature to ensure the UAT can work correctly.
Evaluation of Collaborative Learning in the Development of Technology-Based Entrepreneurial Skills at Muhammadiyah Prambanan Vocational High School
Authors: Sofyan Esfan , Budiastuti Pramudita
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this research is to promote entrepreneurship education in universities, develop students' entrepreneurial soft skills, and create opportunities for students to produce creative works and innovative products. This study is evaluation research using a descriptive quantitative method. The research methodology follows the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model. Context refers to the collaboration in learning and the standards for implementing entrepreneurship education. Input involves entrepreneurship program planning and program participants. Process refers to the execution of the entrepreneurship education program and workshops. Product refers to the effectiveness of the program's implementation and program evaluation. The sample of this research consists of 20 teachers and 20 students. The data analysis technique involves the use of descriptive statistical methods. The evaluation of context is found to be relevant, with an average score of 63.67, a mean of 3.35, and a TCR of 67.62%. The evaluation of input is highly relevant, with an average score of 9.11, a mean of 4.56, and a TCR of 91.11%. The evaluation of process is relevant, with an average post-test score of 73.11, a mean of 3.85, and a TCR of 76.96%. The evaluation of product is relevant, with an average score of 64.57, a mean of 3.4, and a TCR of 67.97%. The implication of this research is the existence of entrepreneurship education in universities, the development of students' entrepreneurial soft skills, and students producing creative works and innovative products.
Perception of Electrical Engineering Students in Aceh towards the Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Digital Era
Authors: Sadrina Sadrina , Mustapha Ramlee , Fathurrahman Fathurrahman , Putri Gina Saria
Published: November 2024

The goal of artificial intelligence is to build robots that can learn, reason, and adapt to carry out complicated tasks. The research aims to provide essential guidance to enhance students' knowledge related to artificial intelligence devices. The highlights of the need for Indonesian engineering students to align their competencies with the 4.0 industrial revolution by developing knowledge in adopting artificial intelligence to improve Indonesia's technological standing in fields such as power electronics. The respondent of the study involved 125 electrical engineering students in Aceh. The questionnaire is the chosen instrument aimed at obtaining perceptions from electrical engineering students regarding their knowledge of artificial intelligence devices. The research revealed that electrical engineering students in Aceh struggle with understanding artificial intelligence applications due to limited exposure, a lack of expert guidance, unfamiliarity with programming elements, and insufficient explanation of AI concepts in their curriculum.
Implementation of Variable Speed Drive as Starting Control of Three Phase Induction Motor
Authors: Prasetia Abdul Muis , Sartika LInda , Sanjaya Dhani , Samanta Rizal
Published: November 2024

The three-phase induction motor is a prevalent electrical machine utilized across various industrial applications. Notably, the surge current of the induction motor can range from five to seven times the nominal current. This research aims to address this issue by identifying an appropriate three-phase induction motor. One effective method for operating three-phase induction motors is through the implementation of a Variable Speed Drive (VSD). This study develops an induction motor starting system utilizing VSD technology to mitigate the surge current associated with three-phase induction motors. Frequency and duty cycle variations were tested to evaluate their impact. Adjusting the frequency from 25 to 75 Hz at a VSD output voltage of 220 V resulted in a current reduction of 0.74 A. Conversely, modifying the duty cycle from 10% to 100% at a frequency of 50 Hz led to an increase in current of 1.136 A.
Ubiquitous Learning with Online Project-Scratch Programming: Enhancing Student Engagement and Developing Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Asmara Andik , Ma Hongbo
Published: November 2024

Low student engagement in online learning is a challenge faced by many educators. The choice of tools used in online learning is also critical in determining whether they support ubiquitous learning for students. One tool that has proven effective in traditional (classroom) learning to increase engagement and problem-solving skills is Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on the Scratch platform. The purpose of this study is to examine whether PBL-Scratch can increase student engagement and perceptions of problem-solving skills in online learn-ing. The study uses a quasi-experimental approach with a simple t-test analysis. The results indicate that PBL-Scratch can increase student engagement and perceived problem-solving skills in online learning, making it a viable tool for ubiquitous learning.
Public Preference and Priorities for Including Vaccines in China’s National Immunization Program: Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Zhang Lingli , Li Xin , Chen Jiali , Wang Xiaoye , Sun Yuyang
Published: November 2024

Background

Several important vaccines, such as the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, rotavirus vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and influenza vaccine, have not been included in China’s National Immunization Program (NIP) due to a prolonged absence of updates and limited resources. Public engagement could identify concerns that require attention and foster trust to ensure continuous support for immunization.

Objective

This study aimed to identify public preferences for vaccine inclusion in the NIP and to determine the desired vaccine funding priorities in the Chinese population.

Methods

A dual-response discrete choice experiment was utilized to estimate the relative importance of 6 attributes, including incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases, mortality of vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccine effectiveness, vaccine cost, vaccinated group, and vaccine coverage. Participants were recruited through the Wenjuanxing platform using a census-based quota sample of the nationwide population aged 18 years and older. A mixed logit model was used to estimate the coefficient of attribute preferences and predict the selection probability. Subgroups and interaction effects were analyzed to examine the heterogeneity in preferences.

Results

In total, 1258 participants completed the survey, of which 880 were involved in the main analysis and 1166 in the sensitivity analysis. The relative importance and model estimates of 2 attributes, vaccine cost and vaccination group, varied between the unforced- and forced-choice settings. All 6 vaccine attributes significantly influenced the preferences for vaccine inclusion, with vaccine effectiveness and coverage as the most important factors, followed by the vaccinated group and mortality of vaccine-preventable diseases in the unforced-choice settings. The top vaccines recommended for China’s NIP included the varicella vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, enterovirus 71 vaccine, and influenza vaccine for preschoolers and school-aged children. The current analysis also revealed distinct preference patterns among different subgroups, such as gender, age, education, and income. The interaction analysis indicated that the region and health status of participants contribute to preference heterogeneity.

Conclusions

Public preferences for including vaccines in the NIP were primarily influenced by vaccine effectiveness and coverage. The varicella vaccine should be prioritized for inclusion in the NIP. The public preferences could provide valuable insights when incorporating new vaccines in the NIP.
Using a Mobile Health App (ColonClean) to Enhance the Effectiveness of Bowel Preparation: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Chen Hui-Yu , Tu Ming-Hsiang , Chen Miao-Yen
Published: November 2024

Background

Colonoscopy is the standard diagnostic method for colorectal cancer. Patients usually receive written and verbal instructions for bowel preparation (BP) before the procedure. Failure to understand the importance of BP can lead to inadequate BP in 25%-30% of patients. The quality of BP impacts the success of colonoscopy in diagnostic yield and adenoma detection. We developed the “ColonClean” mobile health (mHealth) app for Android devices. It incorporates visual representations of dietary guidelines, steps for using bowel cleansing agents, and observations of the last bowel movement. We used the Technology Acceptance Model to investigate whether the use of the ColonClean mHealth app can improve users’ attitudes and behaviors toward BP.

Objective

This study aims to validate the effectiveness of the ColonClean app in enhancing user behavior and improving BP, providing safe and cost-effective outpatient colonoscopy guidance.

Methods

This study uses a structured questionnaire to assess perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and users’ attitudes and behaviors toward BP regarding the ColonClean mHealth app. A total of 40 outpatients who were physically and mentally healthy and proficient in Chinese were randomly chosen for this study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0, and we used Pearson product-moment correlation and simple regression analysis to predict the perception of ColonClean.

Results

The results showed that 75% (30/40) of participants achieved an “excellent” or “good” level of BP according to the Aronchick Bowel Preparation Scale. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of the ColonClean mHealth app were positively correlated with users’ attitudes and behaviors (P<.05).

Conclusions

The ColonClean mHealth app serves as an educational reference and enhances the effectiveness of BP. Users expressed their willingness to use the app again in the future and recommend it to family and friends, highlighting its effectiveness as an educational guide for BP.
An Ecological Momentary Assessment and Intervention Tool for Memory in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury: Development and Usability of Memory Ecological Momentary Intervention
Authors: Morrow Emily L , Nelson Lyndsay A , Duff Melissa C , Mayberry Lindsay S
Published: November 2024

Background

Memory and learning deficits are among the most impactful and longest-lasting symptoms experienced by people with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite the persistence of post-TBI memory deficits and their implications for community reintegration, memory rehabilitation is restricted to short-term care within structured therapy sessions. Technology shows promise to extend memory rehabilitation into daily life and to increase the number and contextual diversity of learning opportunities. Ecological momentary assessment and intervention frameworks leverage mobile phone technology to assess and support individuals’ behaviors across contexts and have shown benefits in other chronic conditions. However, few studies have used regular outreach via text messaging for adults with chronic TBI, and none have done so to assess and support memory.

Objective

This study aimed to develop and test the usability of memory ecological momentary intervention (MEMI), a text message–based assessment and intervention tool for memory in daily life. MEMI is designed to introduce new information, cue retrieval of the information, and assess learning across time and contexts. We tested MEMI via an iterative, user-centered design process to ready it for a future trial.

Methods

We developed MEMI by leveraging automated text messages for prompts using a REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture)/Twilio interface linking to the Gorilla web-based behavioral experimental platform. We recruited 14 adults with chronic, moderate-severe TBI from the Vanderbilt Brain Injury Patient Registry to participate in 3 rounds of usability testing: one round of ThinkAloud sessions using the platform and providing real-time feedback to an experimenter (n=4) and 2 rounds of real-world usability testing in which participants used MEMI in their daily lives for a week and provided feedback (n=5/round). We analyzed engagement and quantitative and qualitative user feedback to assess MEMI’s usability and acceptability.

Results

Participants were highly engaged with MEMI, completing an average of 11.8 out of 12 (98%) possible sessions. They rated MEMI as highly usable, with scores on the System Usability Scale across all rounds equivalent to an A+ on a standardized scale. In semistructured interviews, they stated that MEMI was simple and easy to use, that daily retrieval sessions were not burdensome, and that they perceived MEMI as helpful for memory. We identified a few small issues (eg, instruction wording) and made improvements between usability testing rounds.

Conclusions

Testing MEMI with adults with chronic TBI revealed that this technology is highly usable and favorably rated for this population. We incorporated feedback regarding users’ preferences and plan to test the efficacy of this tool in a future clinical trial.
Role of Tailored Timing and Frequency Prompts on the Efficacy of an Internet-Delivered Stress Recovery Intervention for Health Care Workers: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nomeikaite Auguste , Gelezelyte Odeta , Böttche Maria , Andersson Gerhard , Kazlauskas Evaldas
Published: November 2024

Background

Prompts offer a promising strategy to promote client engagement in internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT). However, if the prompts do not meet the needs of clients, they can potentially be more obtrusive rather than helpful.

Objective

The aim of this study was to test if prompts tailored based on timing and frequency, aligned with preintervention goal setting, can increase usage and the efficacy of a therapist-supported ICBT stress recovery intervention for health care workers.

Methods

The 2-arm randomized controlled trial included 87 health care workers (99% female, aged 19-68 years: mean 39.61, SD 11.49): 43 in the standard intervention group and 44 in the tailored prompts group. The primary outcome measure was the Recovery Experiences Questionnaire, and the secondary outcomes were the Perceived Stress Scale-4, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index. The self-report data were collected before the intervention (September 2022), postintervention (October 2022), and 6-month follow-up (May 2023).

Results

The results showed that tailored prompts, although appreciated by the majority (39/40, 98%), did not improve intervention usage indicators, such as the number of logins (t85=–0.91; P=.36), modules opened (t83.57=–1.47; P=.15), modules completed (t85=–0.71; P=.48), exercises completed (t85=–1.05; P=.30), or the time spent using the program (χ22=1.1; P=.57). Similarly, tailored prompts did not increase the effects of the intervention in terms of stress recovery skills (Cohen d ranging from 0.31 to 0.85), perceived stress (d=–0.08; –0.70), depression (d=–0.11; –0.38), anxiety (d=–0.32; –0.64), or psychological well-being (d=0.26; 0.46). In addition, the standard intervention group showed greater long-term stress recovery effects than the group using the internet-delivered intervention supplemented by tailored prompts (β=–0.24, P=.03).

Conclusions

Although the study confirmed the efficacy of the program, the merits of tailored prompts in ICBT for stress recovery were not supported. Future research is needed to test the effects of the stress recovery intervention supplemented by goal setting and tailored prompts.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05553210; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05553210
Effectiveness of Using a Digital Wearable Plantar Pressure Device to Detect Muscle Fatigue: Within-Subject, Repeated Measures Experimental Design
Authors: Chen Fu-Yu , Lin Tzu-Yao , Huang Yi-Cheng , Widianawati Evina
Published: November 2024

Background

Muscle fatigue, characterized by reduced force generation during repetitive contractions, impacts older adults doing daily activities and athletes during sports activities. While various sensors detect muscle fatigue via muscle activity, biochemical markers, and kinematic parameters, a real-time wearable solution with high usability remains limited. Plantar pressure monitoring detects muscle fatigue through foot loading changes, seamlessly integrating into footwear to improve the usability and compliance for home-based monitoring.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the effects of muscle fatigue on plantar pressure measurements using a self-developed wearable plantar pressure system.

Methods

Twelve healthy participants completed a 5-minute calf muscle fatigue protocol. The plantar pressures and surface electromyography (sEMG) activity of the gastrocnemius muscles were recorded before and after exercise. The plantar pressures at 6 regions and the median frequency (MDF) of sEMG were analyzed to quantify fatigue.

Results

The self-developed foot pressure system showed a significant decrease in plantar pressure peak values at the heel of the left (P=.003) and right feet (P=.001) and at the lateral toe of the left (P=.001) and right feet (P=.026). A significant increase was observed at the metatarsal head of both the left foot (P=.001) and the right foot (P=.017). The MDF of sEMG signals significantly decreased in the left (P=.001) and right gastrocnemius (P<.001).

Conclusions

Plantar pressure changes and sEMG signals effectively detect gastrocnemius muscle fatigue using the proposed wearable system, supporting the development of a wearable solution for detecting muscle fatigue suitable for home-use.
The Theme of Otherness in Select Short stories of Ursula Le Guin’s The Fisherman of the Inland Sea
Authors: Alex Minu
Published: November 2024

Science fiction thrives on the art of crafting worlds that break away from familiar realities. This paper delves into the realm of science fiction with a focus on Ursula Le Guin’s short stories, which deeply engage with the concept of "otherness." Through themes of gender, race, and ecology, Le Guin skillfully constructs narratives that challenge and destabilize established power structures. It examines how Le Guin's stories not only amplify women's voices in science fiction but also carved out a space for them to explore their identities, aspirations, and societal roles. An exploration into Le Guin’s world of science fiction allow the ‘others’ in society to confront traditional norms, examine their desires, and redefine their place in both fictional and real-world contexts.
Teorías de la prueba y decisiones judiciales constitutivas
Authors: Lira-Rodríguez Renato
Published: November 2024

Un aspecto clave en la obra de Kelsen es el desarrollo del carácter constitutivo de la decisión judicial. En este trabajo reviso críticamente tres teorías probatorias que dialogan con tal autor para rechazar o aceptar el carácter constitutivo de los enunciados probatorios (“está probado que p”). Sostengo que tales teorías gozan de planteamientos parcialmente convergentes; útiles para desarrollar una mirada común sobre lo que implica emitir un enunciado probatorio. El asunto es delicado pues habitualmente se plantea que la decisión judicial debe apoyarse en hechos realmente ocurridos, y no en meras creaciones discursivas del tribunal.
Text-to-Image Generation Using Stack Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Stable Diffusion Models
Authors: Shafi Shuhaab
Published: November 2024

Text-to-image synthesis is a challenging task in artificial intelligence that involves generating realistic images from
textual descriptions. StackGAN, [1] a generative model with a two-stage architecture, has proven to be effective in improving the
quality and fidelity of synthesized images. In this study, we implement and evaluate the performance of StackGAN using the
CIFAR-10 dataset, demonstrating how a multi-stage generation approach can produce high-quality images from textual labels.
The experimental results show that StackGAN successfully captures the underlying features of the dataset categories and
provides reasonable image fidelity.
Profile and validity of PBL-SETS interactive multimedia to train learners' science literacy
Authors: Nasihah Siti Addinul , Isnawati I. , Subekti Hasan
Published: November 2024

The background of this research is the low science literacy of Indonesian students based on PISA results caused by non-contextual learning and conventional methods. This study aims to develop and validate an interactive multimedia program based on the Problem-Based Learning-Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (PBL-SETS) approach to train students' science literacy. This research uses an R&D (research and development) approach with define, design, develop, and disseminate (4D) model, which is limited to only the validation stage of development. Although many studies have shown the effectiveness of interactive multimedia in improving science literacy, the combination of PBL, SETS, and interactive multimedia still needs to be researched, especially in Indonesia. The results showed that the developed PBL-SETS interactive multimedia had very valid criteria, with an overall average score of 94.15%. These results indicate that PBL-SETS interactive multimedia is valid and feasible to be used as a learning alternative to train students' science literacy in school.
Separating a particle's mass from its momentum
Authors: Waegell Mordecai , Tollaksen Jeff , Aharonov Yakir
Published: November 2024

The Quantum Cheshire Cat experiment showed that when weak measurements are performed on pre- and post-selected system, the counterintuitive result has been obtained that a neutron is measured to be in one place without its spin, and its spin is measured to be in another place without the neutron. A generalization of this effect is presented with a massive particle whose mass is measured to be in one place with no momentum, while the momentum is measured to be in another place without the mass. The new result applies to any massive particle, independent of its spin or charge. A gedanken experiment which illustrates this effect is presented using a nested pair of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, but with some of the mirrors and beam splitters moving relative to the laboratory frame. The titular interpretation of this experiment is extremely controversial, and rests on several assumptions, which are discussed in detail. An alternative interpretation using the counterparticle model of Aharonov et al. is also discussed.
Prognosis of topography changes in the impact of floods (Itajubá/MG – Brazil)
Authors: Marciano Alexandre Germano , Barbosa Alexandre Augusto , Silva Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima , Reboita Michelle Simões , Silva Ana Paula Moni
Published: November 2024

With increasing urbanization, some decision-makers often take inappropriate actions that affect the environment due to a lack of technical knowledge or personal interests. In the case of areas with recurrent flooding, irregular occupation can cause a series of environmental and economic problems. The Industrial District of the municipality of Itajubá-MG has been experiencing accelerated occupation and noticeable morphometric changes. To predict the impact of these changes in land use and occupation, this study seeks to establish flood diagnosis between 2005 and 2021, and project a future scenario until the year 2030. This article intends to assess the impacts caused by floods. The HEC-RAS software was utilized to simulate five flood propagations under six different occupation scenarios. Simulations were analyzed at eight control sites throughout the study area. The results indicate that, over the years, as a result of increasing occupation in this area, flood damming is expected to occur in the region upstream of the landfills. However, due to the proportionality of the area, these damming heights are considered irrelevant, as they do not exacerbate the damage caused by floods. In some cases, they even lead to a reduction in the flooded area in the Industrial District.