bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mathematical Model for Solving Distribution System Problem by Considering Odd-Even Vehicle License Plate Rule
Authors: Nugraha Andika Dwi , Winarno Winarno , Hadining Aulia Fashanah
Published: May 2022

This research discusses the goods distribution system in an urban area by considering an odd-even vehicle license plate rule. This rule enables the vehicles with the even-number plate to pass particular roads on even-number dates and vice versa during specific time intervals determined by the authority. This rule is potentially rising the company’s logistic cost up to 20%. Therefore, a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model is developed to solve the problem. The performance of the model is tested on some numerical examples. Computational results show that the model generates optimal solutions with numerous computational times. The instances of customers located randomly and clustered manner (i.e., mix) are arduous to solve. The average computational time of these instances is 1 hour and 35 minutes.
Utilizing Elbow Method for Text Clustering Optimization in Analyzing Social Media Marketing Content of Indonesian e-Commerce
Authors: Larasati Aisyah , Maren Raretha , Wulandari Retno
Published: May 2022

The massive increases in textual data from Twitter and text analytics simultaneously have driven organizations to obtain hidden insights to implement the proper marketing strategies for businesses. The vast information generated by Twitter enables most e-commerce businesses to utilize Twitter to implement social media marketing. One of those e-commerce businesses is Blibli Indonesia. Intense business competition has led them to perform marketing strategies to understand consumer tendencies. Focusing the marketing strategies on consumer preferences enables the increase of consumer interest in Blibli, which is in line with enhancing the opportunity to reach new consumers. This research aims to discover Twitter content based on k-means results to cluster the tweets of @bliblidotcom. The best cluster is determined with the elbow method by selecting the deepest curvature, three clusters. The result suggests that Twitter users like Park Seo Jun's content. Hence, Blibli can focus on that content as its business marketing strategy on the Twitter platform.
Controlling Plasmonic Chemistry Pathways through Specific Ion Effects
Authors: Stefancu Andrei , Nan Lin , Zhu Li , Chiș Vasile , Bald Ilko , Liu Min , Leopold Nicolae , Maier Stefan A. , Cortes Emiliano
Published: May 2022

Plasmon‐driven dehalogenation of brominated purines has been recently explored as a model system to understand fundamental aspects of plasmon‐assisted chemical reactions. Here, it is shown that divalent Ca2+ ions strongly bridge the adsorption of bromoadenine (Br‐Ade) to Ag surfaces. Such ion‐mediated binding increases the molecule's adsorption energy leading to an overlap of the metal energy states and the molecular states, enabling the chemical interface damping (CID) of the plasmon modes of the Ag nanostructures (i.e., direct electron transfer from the metal to Br‐Ade). Consequently, the conversion of Br‐Ade to adenine almost doubles following the addition of Ca2+. These experimental results, supported by theoretical calculations of the local density of states of the Ag/Br‐Ade complex, indicate a change of the charge transfer pathway driving the dehalogenation reaction, from Landau damping (in the lack of Ca2+ ions) to CID (after the addition of Ca2+). The results show that the surface dynamics of chemical species (including water molecules) play an essential role in charge transfer at plasmonic interfaces and cannot be ignored. It is envisioned that these results will help in designing more efficient nanoreactors, harnessing the full potential of plasmon‐assisted chemistry.
Exotic Medicinal Plants Used in Brazil with Diuretic Properties: A Review
Authors: Mariano Luísa Nathália Bolda , Boeing Thaise , da Silva Rita de Cássia Vilhena , da Silva Luisa Mota , Gasparotto‐Júnior Arquimedes , Cechinel‐Filho Valdir , de Souza Priscila
Published: May 2022

Several exotic plants (non‐native) are used in Brazilian traditional medicine and are known worldwide for their possible diuretic actions. Among the wide variety of plants, standing out Achillea millefolium L., Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze, Crocus sativus L., Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn., Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A.W. Hill, Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber, and Urtica dioica L., whose effects have already been the subject of some scientific study. In addition, we also discussed other exotic species in Brazil used popularly, but that still lack scientific studies, like the species Arctium lappa L., Carica papaya L., Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, Citrus aurantium L., and Persea americana Mill. However, generally, clinical studies on these plants are scarce. In this context, different plant species can be designated for further comprehensive studies, therefore, promoting support for developing an effective medicine to induce diuresis.
Targeting the cutaneous microbiota in atopic dermatitis: ‘A new hope’ or ‘attack of the CoNS’?
Authors: Chu Chia‐Yu
Published: May 2022

Although evidence showing that Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is directly causative of atopic dermatitis (AD) is still lacking, there is evidence that S. aureus abundance is associated with disease flares and therapeutic responses. Patients receiving ATx201 OINTMENT 2% twice‐daily had a significant reduction in the abundance of S. aureus and increasing Shannon diversity of skin microbiome compared to vehicle after seven days. A small molecule with a narrow‐spectrum effect, especially on S. aureus, might be an attractive alternative for the treatment of AD.
On the spectral efficiency of cell‐free massive MIMO system in irregular 5G mobile networks
Authors: Zbairi Mohamed , Ez‐zazi Imad , Yazid Yassine , Arioua Mounir , El Oualkadi Ahmed
Published: May 2022

Spectral efficiency (SE) is one of the eminent requirements in 5G mobile networks. Cell‐free (CF) massive MIMO is deemed a key technology to provide substantial SE in 5G compared with the cellular and small cell approaches. Most of the prior studies have been focusing on the access points (APs) uniform distribution to assess the SE performance. However, 5G networks are typically dense, irregularly distributed, and mostly constrained by channel impairments. Therefore, considering a uniform distribution of APs is unrealistic. This paper considers a practical network distribution by taking into account the irregular and adaptive APs distribution based on the Poisson point process approach and over the Rician fading channels. Therein, the downlink (DL) SE of CF massive MIMO system is accurately investigated bearing in mind the AP's irregular distribution and fast channel variation for both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) cases. The simulation results have shown that the DL SE of the CF massive MIMO system is considerably affected when considering the irregular deployment of APs compared with the uniform distribution, especially when the phase noise effect is tense. The SE gain performance is reduced by 37.9% in the DL transmissions, compared with the uniform model. Besides, the results have proven that the DL SE gain is remarkably improved when the APs are largely distributed within the network. However, the gained DL SE is affected when increasing the user's density and length of the uplink training period.
Ethical Considerations for Parent‐Adolescent Dyadic Research
Authors: Gabbidon Kemesha , Chenneville Tiffany , Rote Wendy
Published: May 2022

Over the last few years, the use of dyadic research methods has expanded considerably. One area that has benefited from this type of research is the study of the family unit, particularly parent‐adolescent dyads. Dyadic research allows investigators to assess relationship dynamics, processes, and congruences within a family unit, as well as the distinct experiences of each member of the dyad. However, like all emerging and expanding areas of human subjects research, parent‐adolescent dyadic research faces several ethical challenges. Given the advantages of parent‐adolescent dyadic research for examining family relational processes, this article addresses ethical challenges experienced by dyadic researchers that often temper interests in applying these approaches. Drawing on the scholarly literature and the authors’ experiences conducting parent‐adolescent dyadic research, we discuss heightened and unique ethical challenges that arise in this area of inquiry and provide recommendations on how to best navigate those issues.
Scale dependence of coral reef oases and their environmental correlates
Authors: Elahi Robin , Edmunds Peter J. , Gates Ruth D. , Kuffner Ilsa B. , Barnes Brian B. , Chollett Iliana , Courtney Travis A. , Guest James R. , Lenz Elizabeth A. , Toth Lauren T. , Viehman T. Shay , Williams Ivor D.
Published: May 2022

Identifying relatively intact areas within ecosystems and determining the conditions favoring their existence is necessary for effective management in the context of widespread environmental degradation. In this study, we used 3766 surveys of randomly selected sites in the United States and U.S. Territories to identify the correlates of sites categorized as “oases” (defined as sites with relatively high total coral cover). We used occupancy models to evaluate the influence of 10 environmental predictors on the probability that an area (21.2‐km2 cell) would harbor coral oases defined at four spatial extents: cross‐basin, basin, region, and subregion. Across all four spatial extents, oases were more likely to occur in habitats with high light attenuation. The influence of the other environmental predictors on the probability of oasis occurrence were less consistent and varied with the scale of observation. Oases were most likely in areas of low human population density, but this effect was evident only at the cross‐basin and subregional extents. At the regional and subregional extents oases were more likely where sea‐surface temperature was more variable, whereas at the larger spatial extents the opposite was true. By identifying the correlates of oasis occurrence, the model can inform the prioritization of reef areas for management. Areas with biophysical conditions that confer corals with physiological resilience, as well as limited human impacts, likely support coral reef oases across spatial extents. Our approach is widely applicable to the development of conservation strategies to protect biodiversity and ecosystems in an era of magnified human disturbance.
Responses to natural gas development differ by season for two migratory ungulates
Authors: Sandoval Lambert Mallory , Sawyer Hall , Merkle Jerod A.
Published: May 2022

While migrating, animals make directionally persistent movements and may only respond to human‐induced rapid environmental change (HIREC), such as climate and land‐use change, once a threshold of HIREC is surpassed. In contrast, animals on other seasonal ranges (e.g., winter range) make more localized and tortuous movements while foraging and may have the flexibility to adjust the location of their range and the intensity of use within it to minimize interactions with HIREC. Because of these seasonal differences in movement, animals on seasonal ranges should avoid areas that contain any level of HIREC, however, during migration, animals should use areas that contain low levels of HIREC, avoiding it only once a threshold of HIREC has been surpassed. We tested this hypothesis using a decade of GPS collar data collected from migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus; n = 56 migration, 143 winter) and pronghorn (Antilocapra americana; n = 70 migration, 89 winter) that winter on and migrate through a natural gas field in western Wyoming. Using surface disturbance caused by well pads and roads as an index of HIREC, we evaluated behavioral responses across three spatial scales during winter and migration seasons. During migration, both species tolerated low levels of disturbance. Once a disturbance threshold was surpassed, however, they avoided HIREC. For mule deer, thresholds were consistently ~3%, whereas thresholds for pronghorn ranged from 1% to 9.25% surface disturbance. In contrast to migration, both species generally avoided all levels of HIREC while on winter range. Our study suggests that animal responses to HIREC are mediated by season‐specific movement patterns. Our results provide further evidence of ungulates avoiding human disturbance on winter range and reveal disturbance thresholds that trigger mule deer and pronghorn responses during migration: information that managers can use to maintain the ecological function of migration routes and winter ranges.
Schnurri 3 promotes Th2 cytokine production during the late phase of T‐cell antigen stimulation
Authors: Cunha Christina , Koike Toru , Seki Yoichi , Yamamoto Mutsumi , Iwashima Makio
Published: May 2022

Th1 and Th2 polarization is determined by the coordination of numerous factors including the affinity and strength of the antigen‐receptor interaction, predominant cytokine environment, and costimulatory molecules present. Here, we show that Schnurri (SHN) proteins have distinct roles in Th1 and Th2 polarization. SHN2 was previously found to block the induction of GATA3 and Th2 differentiation. We found that, in contrast to SHN2, SHN3 is critical for IL‐4 production and Th2 polarization. Strength of stimulation controls SHN2 and SHN3 expression patterns, where higher doses of antigen receptor stimulation promoted SHN3 expression and IL‐4 production, along with repression of SHN2 expression. SHN3‐deficient T cells showed a substantial defect in IL‐4 production and expression of AP‐1 components, particularly c‐Jun and Jun B. This loss of early IL‐4 production led to reduced GATA3 expression and impaired Th2 differentiation. Together, these findings uncover SHN3 as a novel, critical regulator of Th2 development.
Exploration of structural, electronic, optical, mechanical, thermoelectric, and thermodynamic properties of XInO3 (X = As, Sb) compounds for energy harvesting applications
Authors: Manzoor Mumtaz , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Sharma Ramesh , Abraham Jisha Annie
Published: May 2022

Structural, optoelectronic, elastic, transport, and thermodynamic properties of lead‐free simple face‐centered cubic perovskite compounds XInO3 (X = As, Sb) are figured in the framework of first‐principles calculation. The attained optimized lattice constants are comparable to the previous theoretical data. Electronic band structures and density of states (DOS) have advocated that the electronic bandgap of studied materials lie in the semiconductor region with an indirect band gap of 0.133 and 1.329 eV for AsInO3 and SbInO3, respectively. The participation of O‐2p orbital electrons near the Fermi level is maximum as compared to the rest of the elements in both the investigated perovskites as examined in DOS. We have computed the optical properties with real and imaginary dielectric functions and they prescribe utmost diffraction and absorption in the visible region in both compounds. Furthermore, we have determined the elastic parameters like bulk modulus, elastic constants, Pugh's ratio, and Poisson's ratio. It is perceived from the results of elastic properties that the studied materials are found to be ductile, anisotropic, and also mechanically stable. To determine the material nature and dynamics, we have also calculated the temperature and chemical potential dependence of thermal and thermodynamic properties and results recommended, due to which they could be considered as appropriate candidates for solar energy harvesting based applications Using a quasi‐harmonic model, the thermodynamic properties at high temperature and pressure are also estimated and studied for the first time.
A building information modeling‐fire dynamics simulation integrated framework for the simulation of passive fire protection in a mid‐scale cross‐laminated timber compartment: Numerical implementation and benchmarking
Authors: Sun Qi , Turkan Yelda , Fischer Erica C.
Published: May 2022

Construction fires are a big threat to worker safety and property safety. Mass timber buildings under construction are largely unprotected as they are not yet equipped with active fire protection systems. With the addition of Types IVA, B, and C, the 2021 International Building Code adopted stricter requirements for mass timber buildings that are under construction. Cross‐laminated timber (CLT) is used as the primary structural element for high‐rise mass timber buildings. However, to date, limited number of research studies investigated the impact of passive fire protection for CLT buildings that are under construction. To facilitate a better understanding of construction fires and their consequences, it is necessary to develop a numerical modeling solution for the early phases of a CLT construction project, which can be achieved by using building information models together with fire dynamics simulation (FDS). However, the numerical modeling technique must be benchmarked against experimental data first to then extrapolate the modeling technique to explore other parameters and conduct FDS analysis. Therefore, this paper develops and benchmarks a numerical modeling solution against a mid‐scale CLT compartment fire test by applying the FDS tool to simulate the fire behavior within the CLT compartment. The FDS analysis results are expected to validate the practicality of simulating the fire behavior in CLT structures using the numerical model proposed in this study. The overarching goal of this study is therefore to develop a comprehensive numerical modeling solution to simulate and assess passive fire protection sequencing in CLT buildings that are under construction.
A novel dynamic adaptive unstructured mesh algorithm for simulating multi‐object relative motion in incompressible fluid
Authors: Su Xiaohui , Zhang Kaixuan , Zhao Yong , Zhang Mingliang , Zhang Jiantao
Published: May 2022

A novel dynamic adaptive unstructured mesh (DAUM) algorithm is proposed to solve incompressible multi‐object relative motion (MORM). The DAUM algorithm, consisting of exponential function deformation, adaptive edge swapping, and area Laplace smoothing, can greatly improve dynamic mesh robustness and perfectly overcome mesh skewness. The core of DAUM is the adaptive edge swapping inspired by Delaunay triangulation, which is distinguished from traditional edge swapping. The adaptive edge swapping can fully consider the relationship of neighbor elements only using Delaunay triangulation. Meanwhile, the implementation and reliability of adaptive edge swapping are better than the traditional edge swapping method due to eliminating the interference of the non‐convex polygon, so more code remedies can be avoided. Using the DAUM, none of the vertices is inserted or deleted so that the manipulation of the dynamic mesh is easily implemented and maintains computational efficiency in the process of mesh motion. Three representative geometries are used to assess the performance of the DAUM in MORM. To systematically analyze the advantages of DAUM, two relatively moving cylinders have been numerically investigated in incompressible flow. The inline force and lift force profiles on two cylinders are obtained and analyzed by using the flow field information. Three interaction stages are divided based on the parameter G and the interactional intensity of two inner anticlockwise vortices is considered as the division criteria. At the running process of the DAUM algorithm, the dynamic mesh quality is well controlled and remains in the high‐quality range based on the aspect ratio (AR) criterion. The results indicate that the proposed DAUM algorithm can properly solve the difficulties caused by MORM, especially for period oscillation motion.
Physiological instability is linked to mortality in primary central nervous system lymphoma: A case–control fMRI study
Authors: Poltojainen Valter , Kemppainen Janette , Keinänen Nina , Bode Michaela , Isokangas Juha‐Matti , Kuitunen Hanne , Nikkinen Juha , Sonkajärvi Eila , Korhonen Vesa , Tuovinen Timo , Järvelä Matti , Huotari Niko , Raitamaa Lauri , Kananen Janne , Korhonen Tommi , Tetri Sami , Kuittinen Outi , Kiviniemi Vesa
Published: May 2022

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive brain disease where lymphocytes invade along perivascular spaces of arteries and veins. The invasion markedly changes (peri)vascular structures but its effect on physiological brain pulsations has not been previously studied. Using physiological magnetic resonance encephalography (MREGBOLD) scanning, this study aims to quantify the extent to which (peri)vascular PCNSL involvement alters the stability of physiological brain pulsations mediated by cerebral vasculature. Clinical implications and relevance were explored. In this study, 21 PCNSL patients (median 67y; 38% females) and 30 healthy age‐matched controls (median 63y; 73% females) were scanned for MREGBOLD signal during 2018–2021. Motion effects were removed. Voxel‐by‐voxel Coefficient of Variation (CV) maps of MREGBOLD signal was calculated to examine the stability of physiological brain pulsations. Group‐level differences in CV were examined using nonparametric covariate‐adjusted tests. Subject‐level CV alterations were examined against control population Z‐score maps wherein clusters of increased CV values were detected. Spatial distributions of clusters and findings from routine clinical neuroimaging were compared [contrast‐enhanced, diffusion‐weighted, fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) data]. Whole‐brain mean CV was linked to short‐term mortality with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, as all deceased patients revealed higher values (n = 5, median 0.055) than surviving patients (n = 16, median 0.028) (p < .0001). After adjusting for medication, head motion, and age, patients revealed higher CV values (group median 0.035) than healthy controls (group median 0.024) around arterial territories (p ≤ .001). Abnormal clusters (median 1.10 × 105mm3) extended spatially beyond FLAIR lesions (median 0.62 × 105mm3) with differences in volumes (p = .0055).
Dissecting the impact of bromodomain inhibitors on the Interferon Regulatory Factor 4‐MYC oncogenic axis in multiple myeloma
Authors: Agnarelli Alessandro , Mitchell Simon , Caalim Gillian , Wood C. David , Milton‐Harris Leanne , Chevassut Timothy , West Michelle J. , Mancini Erika J.
Published: May 2022

B‐cell progenitor fate determinant interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) exerts key roles in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple myeloma (MM), a currently incurable plasma cell malignancy. Aberrant expression of IRF4 and the establishment of a positive auto‐regulatory loop with oncogene MYC, drives a MM specific gene‐expression program leading to the abnormal expansion of malignant immature plasma cells. Targeting the IRF4‐MYC oncogenic loop has the potential to provide a selective and effective therapy for MM. Here we evaluate the use of bromodomain inhibitors to target the IRF4‐MYC axis through combined inhibition of their known epigenetic regulators, BRD4 and CBP/EP300. Although all inhibitors induced cell death, we found no synergistic effect of targeting both of these regulators on the viability of MM cell‐lines. Importantly, for all inhibitors over a time period up to 72 h, we detected reduced IRF4 mRNA, but a limited decrease in IRF4 protein expression or mRNA levels of downstream target genes. This indicates that inhibitor‐induced loss of cell viability is not mediated through reduced IRF4 protein expression, as previously proposed. Further analysis revealed a long half‐life of IRF4 protein in MM cells. In support of our experimental observations, gene network modeling of MM suggests that bromodomain inhibition is exerted primarily through MYC and not IRF4. These findings suggest that despite the autofeedback positive regulatory loop between IRF4 and MYC, bromodomain inhibitors are not effective at targeting IRF4 in MM and that novel therapeutic strategies should focus on the direct inhibition or degradation of IRF4.
Evaluating the impact of adverse childhood experiences on medication use
Authors: DePuy Ashley M. , Patterson Michelle L. , Rodriguez Natalie P. , Patel‐Shori Nima M. , Yu Daohai , Jacob Regina
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Socioeconomic adversities in early life predicts adulthood diseases. However, literature evaluating childhood adversity and number of medications prescribed is limited.

Objectives

Our aim is to assess the number of disease states, chronic medications prescribed, and discrepancies that may be encountered on a patient and system level.

Methods

This single‐center, prospective cohort study included adults ≥18 years old who provided informed consent. Participants were asked to bring all medications to their visit where a medication history was conducted. Medication discrepancies from the interview and patient chart were stratified by patient or system error. Participants were asked to answer a questionnaire regarding their beliefs about medications and their adherence patterns.

Results

Thirty‐eight patients were enrolled over 27 months. The median number of disease states and chronic medications per patient was 6 (4–9) and 9.5 (5–14), respectively. The median adverse childhood event (ACE) score was 5 (3–7). Patients with ACE scores <5 had a median of 4.5 (3–7) disease states compared with a median of 6.5 (4–10) for patients with scores ≥5 (P = 0.0638). Patients with ACE scores <5 were taking a median of 3.5 (3‐8.5) chronic medications compared with 12.5 (6–16) for patients with scores ≥5 (P = 0.0025). There were a total of 105 patient discrepancies and 167 system discrepancies in relation to chronic medication use. Patients with ACE scores <5 had a median of 1.5 (1‐2.5) patient discrepancies and 3 (1–5) system discrepancies. Patients with ACE scores ≥5 had a median of 3 (1–4) patient discrepancies and 4 (1–6) system discrepancies.

Conclusion

Patients with higher ACE scores had more comorbid disease states and chronic medications. Patient and system medication discrepancies were abundant among all patients, regardless of ACE score.
The role of precautionary and speculative demand in the global market for crude oil
Authors: Cross Jamie L. , Nguyen Bao H. , Tran Trung Duc
Published: May 2022

Contemporary structural models of the global market for crude oil jointly specify precautionary and speculative demand shocks as a composite shock, named a storage demand shock. We resolve this identification problem and examine the effects of these distinct shocks, along with conventional demand and supply shocks, on the global price of crude oil. We find that uncertainty driven precautionary demand for crude oil is, on average, the primary driver of real price of oil fluctuations that have previously been associated with storage demand shocks. Historically, these shocks have had distinct effects on the real oil price dynamics since the 1970s.
Vibration‐induced symmetry breaking in hybrid light‐matter dimer states
Authors: Shen Chih‐En , Hsu Sheng‐Chieh , Tsai Hung‐Sheng , Hsu Liang‐Yan
Published: May 2022

We investigate the influence of vibronic coupling on a molecular dimer strongly coupled to a single cavity mode. In the framework of the Holstein‐Tavis‐Cummings model, the energy structure of the molecular dimer is analyzed by numerical exact diagonalization and perturbation theory. Under numerical exact diagonalization, we find that the degeneracy of lower polaritons vanishes in the presence of vibronic coupling. Under the second‐order degenerate perturbation theory, the degeneracy breaking of lower polaritons can be associated with asymmetric indirect interactions mediated by the upper polaritons and the dark states. The consistency of the two approaches confirms the robustness of our simulations, indicating that the vibration‐induced symmetry breaking should be experimentally observed.
How Creative Self‐Concept Leads to Happiness: A Multilevel Chain Mediating Model
Authors: Li Pin , Zhang Zhitian Skylor , Zhang Yanna
Published: May 2022

Recent research has shown that creative self‐concept might be not only a path to people's creativity but also a path to their positive affect. This study proposed and examined the underlying mechanisms of how creative self‐concept is associated with positive affect through the mediating role of people's daily creative behavior and creative self‐assessment. We recruited 101 Chinese undergraduate students to report their creative behavior, creative self‐assessment, and experiences of positive emotion states each day for 14 days. A multilevel structural equation model was conducted. Results confirmed the mediating role of creative self‐assessment and the chain‐mediating role of creative behavior and creative self‐assessment between creative self‐concept and positive affect. The direct effect of creative behavior on positive affect was not verified. These findings highlight the role that creative self‐concept plays in everyday activities and everyday well‐being and show the importance of creative self‐assessment in creativity education and mental health care.
A membrane‐protected micro‐solid‐phase extraction method based on molecular imprinting and its application to the determination of local anesthetics in cosmetics
Authors: Jian Pengli , Muhammad Turghun , Wei Aixia , Wu Beibei , Zhou Tiantian
Published: May 2022

As local anesthetics that are illegally added to cosmetics are harmful to consumer health, it is necessary to establish an efficient method for detecting these substances. Herein, a molecularly imprinted polymer (bupivacaine) was prepared by bulk polymerization and packed into a hollow fiber for use as an extraction phase to fabricate a membrane‐protected micro‐solid‐phase extraction device. The optimal values of the influencing parameters for the microextraction process were as follows: a sample solution pH of 9.0, a loading and washing time of 2 h, and an elution time of 32 min. A gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry method was established for the determination of local anesthetics and coupled with the microextraction method to successfully detect local anesthetics in cosmetic samples. The calibration curve for the proposed method was linear in the range of 0.4–50 mg/L and showed a good correlation coefficient (r2). The limits of detection for local anesthetics were in the range of 0.01–0.71 mg/L. The molecularly imprinted polymer exhibited good imprinting and selectivity, the micro‐solid‐phase extraction device was simple and inexpensive and fabrication was reproducible. The combination of molecular imprinting technology, membrane separation, and micro‐solid‐phase extraction methods used in this study can potentially be applied to pretreat local anesthetics in cosmetic samples.
The American Broncho‐Esophagological Association Position Statement on Swallowing Fluoroscopy
Authors: Dhar Shumon Ian , Nativ‐Zeltzer Nogah , Starmer Heather , Morimoto Linda Nayeli , Evangelista Lisa , O'Rourke Ashli , Fritz Mark , Rameau Anaïs , Randall Derrick R. , Cates Daniel , Allen Jacqueline , Postma Gregory , Kuhn Maggie , Belafsky Peter
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To develop an expert consensus statement on the clinical use of swallowing fluoroscopy in adults that reduces practice variation and identifies opportunities for quality improvement in the care of patients suffering from swallowing impairment.

Methodology

A search strategist reviewed data sources (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus) to use as evidence for an expert development group to compose statements focusing on areas of controversy regarding swallowing fluoroscopy. Candidate statements underwent two iterations of a modified Delphi protocol to reach consensus.

Results

A total of 2184 publications were identified for title and abstract review with 211 publications meeting the criteria for full text review. Of these, 148 articles were included for review. An additional 116 publications were also included after reviewing the references of the full text publications from the initial search. These 264 references guided the authors to develop 41 candidate statements in various categories. Forty statements encompassing patient selection, fluoroscopic study choice, radiation safety, clinical team dynamics, training requirements, videofluoroscopic swallow study and esophagram techniques, and interpretation of swallowing fluoroscopy met criteria for consensus. One statement on esophagram technique reached near‐consensus.

Conclusions

These 40 statements pertaining to the comprehensive use of swallowing fluoroscopy in adults can guide the development of best practices, improve quality and safety of care, and influence policy in both the outpatient and inpatient settings. The lack of consensus on some aspects of esophagram technique likely reflects gaps in knowledge and clinical practice variation and should be a target for future research. Laryngoscope, 133:255–268, 2023
Wide‐Angle Scattering Halo Analysis and the Evolution of Oriented Amorphous Structure after Elongation Jumps in Some Elastomers
Authors: Stribeck Almut , Schneider Konrad , Pöselt Elmar , Eling Berend , Roth Stephan V.
Published: May 2022

Amorphous and low‐crystallinity thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers are shot back and forth between two elongation levels ( and ) and observed between the excitations for 10 s using wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) (50 Hz). For orientation analysis, the fiber patterns are projected, expanded in multipoles, and discussed as a function of relaxation time. Normalized WAXS suggests that the oriented halo observed during extension is predominantly due to selective extinction of unfavorably oriented probes (chain bundles). During retraction, neighborhoods and thus clusters are restored. Discussed are the relaxation curves depending on material and the number of load cycles. The separation of the halo into narrow rings introduces “bundle airiness” as a second coordinate. The now bivariate cluster density is the product of two univariate functions. Its factor “airiness distribution” seems to be a material property which is not changed by annealing. In contrast, the bivariate preferred orientation is not product‐separable. Especially with harder materials it shows two bundle ensembles of different airiness. Interactions between the ensembles explain complex trajectories of the orientation–relaxation curves. The formation of the additional airier oriented component is inhibited by annealing in most of the materials studied. In contrast, multiple load changes promote its formation.
High‐Performance PA Nanofiltration Membrane with Coral‐Reef‐Like Morphology atop Polydopamine Decorated EVOH Nanofiber Scaffold
Authors: Ma Siqi , Liu Nian , Cheng Pan , Hu Wei , Jia Xiaodan , Guo Qihao , Xia Ming , Cheng Qin , Liu Ke , Wang Dong
Published: May 2022

The pursuit of highly permeable thin‐film nanocomposite (TFNC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes with desirable selectivity is an eternal topic for desalination and wastewater treatment. Herein, a facile route to engineer polyamide (PA) NF membranes is reported with a coral‐reef‐like thin PA active layer atop a polydopamine pre‐decorated ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) nanofiber scaffold (EVOH‐PDA) via interfacial polymerization (IP). EVOH‐PDA possesses a submicron pore size and super‐hydrophilic surface, which provides abundant thin water layers covering nanofibers in the IP process resulting in the PA layer with a morphology of coral‐reef‐like highland surrounded by flat low‐lying regions. The resultant NF membrane presents high permeance of 32.19 L m−2h−1bar−1 and high rejection of 96.52% to 1000 ppm Na2SO4 feed solution with a stable performance against operation time and high salt concentration. This work provides a new approach to fabricating PA TFNC membranes with outstanding NF performance in liquid separation applications.
Uniform decay rates of a Bresse thermoelastic system in the whole space
Authors: Afilal Mounir , Feng Baowei , Soufyane Abdelaziz
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we investigate the decay properties of the thermoelastic Bresse system in the whole space. We consider many cases depending on the parameters of the model, and we establish new decay rates. We need to mention here that in some cases, we don't have the regularity‐loss phenomena as in the previous works in the literature. To prove our results, we use the energy method in the Fourier space to build a very delicate Lyapunov functionals that give the desired results.
Two Roomtemperature‐stable Trications – Triprotonated Triamino‐ and Tricyanobenzene
Authors: Nitzer Alexander , Hübsch Robert , Jessen Christoph , Kornath Andreas J.
Published: May 2022

Protonation of 1,3,5‐tricyano‐ and 1,3,5‐triaminobenzene was achieved in various superacidic media, resulting in the formation of the respective trinitrilium and triammonium species. Furthermore, the respectiveN‐methyl nitrilium species was synthesized by methylation. Characterization was performed by NMR and vibrational spectroscopy, followed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses of selected species. Fourfold protonation of the amine, which would have led to the triammonium arenium species, could not be achieved. Quantum chemical calculations are employed to enable full vibrational assignment as well to quantify charge localization.
New cross‐linked poly(methyl methacrylate): Synthesis, characterization, and inhibitory effects against selected bacteria and cancer cells
Authors: Altowairki Hanan , Basingab Fatemah S. , Abdullah Samaa T. , Hussein Mahmoud A. , Hadjichristidis Nikos , Alkayal Nazeeha S.
Published: May 2022

Novel cross‐linked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) derivatives with different ratios of crosslinkers (2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt%) were synthesized using the condensation method between PMMA and bifunctional amino derivative cross‐linkers, o‐phenylenediamine (OPD), and m‐phenylenediamine (MPD). The final products were tested for antibacterial and anticancer activities. Various techniques were used to characterize the cross‐linked polymers. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify interactions between PMMA and diamine derivatives. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that the smooth PMMA surface was totally changed after cross‐linking. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results show that when the percentage of cross‐linked PMMA (C‐PMMA) increased, the decomposition temperature at 25%, 50%, and 75% weight loss increased. C‐PMMA/2% OPD, C‐PMMA/20% OPD, and C‐PMMA/20% MPD have an antibacterial effect on both Escherichia coli (gram‐negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram‐positive) with an inhibitory zone ranged from 9 to 16 mm. In addition, C‐PMMA/2% OPD showed anticancer activities, reducing the number of HepG2 cancer cells significantly. A positive correlation between the concentrations of the product and the reduction of HepG2 cells has been detectedr.
pH responsive, reversible photo‐crosslinkable micelle in layer‐by‐layer assembly—Study on film growth and drug delivery behavior
Authors: Song Yilin , Jin Shuqing , Fu Ke , Ji Jian , Shen Liyan
Published: May 2022

Layer‐by‐layer multilayered film has been creating great opportunities in developing controlled drug and other bioactive molecular delivery system. In this work, coumarin bearing micelles of poly(acrylic acid‐coumarin methacrylate) is first synthesized in a one‐step copolymerization and the reversible photo‐crosslinkable multilayers containing coumarin groups are then fabricated via layering the micelles with polyethyleneimine (PEI). The film growth behavior of polyetheleneimine/poly(acrylic acid‐coumarin methacrylate) (PEI/P(AA‐r‐CMA)) multilayer is found to rely on deposit solution pH. Increasing PEI solution pH and decreasing P(AA‐r‐CMA) pH can greatly accelerate film growing process. This is explained by PEI diffusivity and destabilization of P(AA‐r‐CMA) micelle at solution/multilayer interface. Nile red (NR) is loaded into the film as a model drug via simple post diffusion driven by hydrophobic interactions. Furthermore, photo‐crosslink and decrosslink of PEI/P(AA‐r‐CMA) film is achieved by irradiating the films with light of 365 and 254 nm wavelength, respectively, which therefore ensures the possibility of fine control over drug delivery procedure.
A reassessment of the fungicidal efficacy of 1,3‐dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and metam potassium against Macrophomina phaseolina in strawberry
Authors: Baggio Juliana S , Cordova Leandro G , Toledo Beatriz F , Noling Joseph W , Peres Natalia A
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

The effectiveness of metam potassium, 1,3‐dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and different ratios of 1,3‐dichloropropene and chloropicrin on the reduction of natural and artificial inoculum of Macrophomina phaseolina were investigated in laboratory and field experiments. Additionally, a multivariate meta‐analysis with data from six field trials conducted in Florida from 2012 to 2018 was performed.

RESULTS

In small‐plot field experiments using drip stakes, the highest rate (468 L ha−1) of metam potassium was most effective in controlling M. phaseolina in infected crowns buried at 15.2 cm from the point of fumigant injection, whereas none of the rates was able to reduce inoculum buried at 30.5 cm. In closed‐container experiments, use of the highest rate of 1,3‐dichloropropene (168 kg ha−1) resulted in the highest level of pathogen control. Different rates of chloropicrin also reduced inoculum when compared to the non‐treated control. 1,3‐dichloropropene + chloropicrin at different ratios were also highly effective in controlling M. phaseolina. Results from the meta‐analysis of open‐field experiments indicated that metam potassium and 1,3‐dichloropropene + chloropicrin (63:35, v:v) treatments were significantly more effective in reducing M. phaseolina than the 1,3‐dichloropropene + chloropicrin (39:60, v:v) treatment; however, metam potassium was not as effective at the side of the beds.

CONCLUSION

1,3‐dichloropropene alone and in mixture with chloropicrin were more effective in reducing inoculum of M. phaseolina than chloropicrin alone, indicating the fungicidal efficacy of 1,3‐dichloropropene. Formulation with higher 1,3‐dichloropropene concentration performed better than the formulation with higher chloropicrin concentration in field trials. Metam potassium was effective when applied at the highest rate, but with limited lateral movement perpendicular to the drip irrigation line. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Carbon Dots–Based Ratiometric Fluorescence Sensor for Hippuric Acid
Authors: Amrutha Edassery Gopalan , Manivannan Sellaperumal
Published: May 2022

Herein, carbon dots–based ratiometric fluorescence sensor is developed for the first time for hippuric acid. Carbon dots, with an amorphous structure of size less than 10 nm, are synthesized by a microwave‐assisted rapid pyrolysis method from citric acid and ethylenediamine. The broader photoluminescence (PL) emissions spectrum of carbon dots (CDs) (full width at half maximum [FWHM] 135 nm) at 228 nm excitation shows sensitivity toward hippuric acid. The underlying sensing mechanism is identified as inner filler effect. The implementation of ratiometric strategy makes the sensor superior to the existing single wavelength‐dependent sensor in terms of the environmental influences on sensing. The sensor shows a limit of detection of 0.717 mg mL−1 for hippuric acid with a linear response range 0–4 mg mL−1. The selectivity test of the sensor with other urine components are also carried out and the results are presented.
Boundary control of a coupled Burgers' PDE‐ODE system
Authors: Hasan Agus , Tang Shu‐Xia
Published: May 2022

This article presents a result of stabilization of a coupled partial differential equation (PDE) and ordinary differential equation (ODE) system through boundary control. The PDE is the Burgers' equation, which is a widely considered nonlinear PDE, partially due to its low order and partially due to its structure analogous to the Navier–Stokes equation, which describes fluid dynamics. The controller we employ for stabilizing this system was first developed from the boundary control problem of the corresponding linearized system, based on an infinite‐dimensional backstepping transformation. The stabilization result is achieved using only one boundary measurement and one boundary control. Numerical simulations show the boundary control law can be used to stabilize the system.
Adaptive selection scheme for multi‐path parallel forwarding in dual‐mode heterogeneous field network of power distribution grid
Authors: Xiao Yu , Huang Rui , Liu Mouhai , Ren Weijun
Published: May 2022

In order to improve forwarding rate and connectivity rate between these nodes of the power distribution field network, an adaptive selection scheme for multi‐path parallel forwarding in dual‐mode heterogeneous field network is designed. First, the topological structure, the networking process and network maintenance mechanism of the field network with high speed power line broadband carrier and high speed micro‐power radio frequency communication capabilities are discussed. Second, a link measurement method is designed based on sliding window weighted average, and hybrid multi‐path routing table is calculated using a modified Bellman‐ford shortest path algorithm with limited hops. On this basis, a multi‐path parallel forwarding scheme is designed which has three modes of multi‐path load balancing forwarding, single‐path forwarding and multi‐path redundant forwarding. Finally, the field network is applied to the power distribution information collection system. The test results showed that the dual‐mode field network was more effective than the single‐mode field network in increasing the copying rate and shortening the copying time. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Lateralized ante mortem and post mortem pathology in a case of Lewy body disease with corticobasal syndrome
Authors: Coughlin David G. , Coslett H. Branch , Peterson Claire , Phillips Jeffrey S. , McMillan Corey , Lee Edward B. , Trojanowski John Q. , Grossman Murray , Irwin David J.
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Lewy body diseases are pathologically characterized by α‐synuclein pathology. Alzheimer's disease (AD) co‐pathology can influence phenotypes. In vivo AD biomarkers can suggest the presence of this co‐pathology in unusual cases, but pathological validation remains essential.

Methods

This patient originally presented with corticobasal syndrome and later developed visual hallucinations and parkinsonism consistent with a synucleinopathy. The patient underwent CSF sampling, 18F‐flortaucipir PET scanning, and brain donation with bilateral regions available for digital histological analysis.

Results

CSF Aβ42 and t‐tau were in the AD range. 18F‐flortaucipir scanning showed right‐lateralized retention in all lobes (t = 4.3‐10.0, P < .006). Neocortical stage Lewy body pathology and high levels of AD neuropathological changes were present at autopsy. There was right lateralization of α‐synuclein and tau pathology (T value = 3.1, P value = .007 and T value = 3.3, P value = .004 respectively).

Discussion

This case with overlapping tauopathy and synucleinopathy clinical features had in‐depth biomarker characterization and rare bilateral post‐mortem sampling showing lateralized tau and α‐synuclein pathology suggesting possible synergistic relationships.