bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active restoration efforts in the Central Mexican Pacific as a strategy for coral reef recovery
Authors: Martínez-Castillo Violeta , Rodríguez-Troncoso Alma Paola , Tortolero-Langarica José de Jesús Adolfo , Cupul-Magaña Amílcar Leví
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The 1997-98 El Niño event caused massive coral bleaching and mortality in the Central Mexican Pacific (CMP). Punta de Mita alone used to harbor more than 30 % of the coral coverage in this region, with a mono-specific Pocillopora coverage. The 1997-1998 ENSO event caused massive coral mortality reducing live coral coverage to < 5 %.  Despite being considered a coral region unlikely to recover, recent restoration efforts have been implemented to rehabilitate the coral community.

Objective: To assess coral recovery by analyzing the coral growth and survival rates of branching Pocillopora species at Punta de Mita.

Methods: Healthy coral fragments of opportunity were re-attached to the natural substrata using zip ties and measured considering their growth in terms of maximum length and width (cm) to determine their annual extension rates.

Results: After 50 weeks, corals duplicated their size, with a mean growth of ~ 4 cm year-1. After 100 weeks (2 years), corals triplicated their size, increasing on average 8–9 cm in each diameter.

Conclusions: Successful coral reef restoration activities in the Central Mexican Pacific are the result of Pocillopora’s physiological processes, such as fast growth rates, and recent life-history traits, like the ability to cope with thermal anomalies, which enable them to thrive in a dynamic region severely affected by natural and anthropogenic perturbations. Indeed, a region considered unlikely to recover has regained its live coral cover from < 5 % in 1998 up to 15 % in 20 years. This demonstrates the importance of assisting natural coral recovery with restoration efforts, especially in coral locations that, despite environmental perturbations, have proven to be resilient and may become coral refugia areas under the current climate change scenario.
Between Recruitment and All-Estates Conscription: Cossack Military Service and its Transformation in the Late Imperial Period (1835–1917)
Authors:   Taganrog Institute named after A.P. Chekhov (branch of the Rostov State University of Economics), Volvenko Alexey
Published: May 2023

Introduction. As the title implies, the article describes the evolution of Cossack military service in the late imperial period, which was completed with the formation of Cossack military service, which existed without significant changes until 1917. Methods and Materials. The article is based on various papers: archival materials from the Russian State Military Historical Archive (Moscow), publications of contemporaries on Cossack issues of the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, published in the pages of the magazine “Military Collection.” The analysis of historiography on the topic capacitated the author to reveal an overall perspective on the content and evolution of the Cossack service from 1835 to 1917, which was detailed in the narrative acquiring a multi-level structure. In this framework, the emphasis is on the explanation of the relationship between the individual elements of the service over several decades. Analysis. For a long time, the form and content of Cossack military service were influenced by the geographical features of the location of a specific Cossack army, the theater of military operations, where Cossack units were used, military traditions, etc. After the Crimean War and with the end of hostilities in the Caucasus, and especially with the beginning of the epoch of “liberation”, the evaluation of the Cossacks and their service moved on to the press. The main platforms for the discussion of the Cossacks military and colonization functions were the periodicals subordinate to the War Ministry. Under the influence of D.A. Milyutin’s military reforms Cossack service was transformed, first on the basis of a conscription order, and then, with reference to the adoption of the general imperial Charter on military service (1874) it again acquired a mandatory character. Results. The article concludes that emerging in the late 19th – early 20th centuries the service system implied more rigid centralization and unification, and the entire policy of the War Ministry until 1917 in relation to the Cossack service was aimed at its maximum adaptation to the army regulations and the requirements of modern warfare.
Organizational and technological solutions for strengthening the earth roadbed in the permafrost zone
Authors: Shepitko Taisia , Artyushenko Igor , Zaytsev Andrey
Published: May 2023

The transport facilities construction in the Arctic zone regions of the Russian Federation is a complex engineering task. This complexity is caused not only by a competent choice of structural and technological solutions for improving the foundation soils but also by rational organizational and technological solutions, which in turn affect the timing of the transport facility construction, its cost, and construction efficiency in the regions of the Far North of the Russian Federation. During construction in the permafrost zone, building materials often require delivery to the construction site using rail, road, and water transport.

Construction in difficult climatic conditions implies the use of new work execution technologies using modern equipment to ensure the reliability and durability of structures under construction. Competent work organization and modern technologies minimize the construction time, but at the same time increase construction costs.

To reduce the work time, the article presents the soil basement strengthening technology with the vertical shaft of gravel chippings.

The authors present the work scope on the soil basement strengthening with vertical shafts of gravel chippings during the construction of the embankment according to the II design principle (with the allowance of thawing) and the technological sequence of its implementation. A work execution plan has been developed for the implementation of a double-beam organizational chart for strengthening the soil basement with vertical shafts of gravel chippings at the Obskaya-Salekhard section, picket 01+50-picket 06+50 of the new railway line «Northern latitudinal way».

The needs for machines and mechanisms used in the implementation of the proposed technology are shown. Recommendations are given on the most favorable period for the work execution.
ChatGPT FOR PROGRAMMING NUMERICAL METHODS
Authors: Kashefi Ali , Mukerji Tapan
Published: May 2023

ChatGPT is a large language model recently released by the OpenAI company. In this technical report, we explore for the first time the capability of ChatGPT for programming numerical algorithms. Specifically, we examine the capability of GhatGPT for generating codes for numerical algorithms in different programming languages, for debugging and improving written codes by users, for completing missed parts of numerical codes, rewriting available codes in other programming languages, and for parallelizing serial codes. Additionally, we assess if ChatGPT can recognize if given codes are written by humans or machines. To reach this goal, we consider a variety of mathematical problems such as the Poisson equation, the diffusion equation, the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, compressible inviscid flow, eigenvalue problems, solving linear systems of equations, storing sparse matrices, etc. Furthermore, we exemplify scientific machine learning such as physics-informed neural networks and convolutional neural networks with applications to computational physics. Through these examples, we investigate the successes, failures, and challenges of ChatGPT. Examples of failures are producing singular matrices, operations on arrays with incompatible sizes, programming interruption for relatively long codes, etc. Our outcomes suggest that ChatGPT can successfully program numerical algorithms in different programming languages, but certain limitations and challenges exist that require further improvement of this machine learning model.
Geoekološko vrednovanje reljefa Parka prirode Hutovo blato
Authors: Arapović Maja , Mamut Marica
Published: May 2023

Geoekološko vrednovanje reljefa Parka prirode Hutovo blato s aspekta njegove turističke i rekreacijske valorizacije provedeno je na temelju prethodne geomorfološke analize. U radu je promatran turizam i rekreacija kao sociološki elementi razvoja parka prirode Hutovo blato. Za postupak geoekološkog vrednovanja izdvojeni su reljefni oblici određenog stupnja atraktivnosti (vrhovi, padine, korita i dolinska dna, vododerine, područje oko Deranskog jezera, područje oko Svitavskog jezera i Svitavsko jezero), koji su vrednovani za sljedeće oblike rekreacije: šetnja, brdski biciklizam, rekreacijski biciklizam, promatranje ptica i krajolika te kajaking i kanuing. Stupanj pogodnosti reljefa za navedene vidove rekreacije određen je na temelju fizičke pogodnosti, estetske vrijednosti i dostupnosti. U postupku vrednovanja primijenjena je metoda relativnog vrednovanja reljefa. Provedeno vrednovanje ukazalo je na vrijedne i potencijalno vrijedne dijelove reljefa, ali i na one ograničavajuće elemente krajolika, zbog kojih pojedini dijelovi nisu do sada dovoljno turistički valorizirani. To se posebno odnosi na istočni i jugoistočni dio Parka s izraženim problemom fizičke pogodnosti i (ne)dostupnosti (udaljenost te nepostojanje ili neuređenost pješačkih staza, otežane plovnosti, nepristupačnosti obale obrasle vegetacijom). Predložene su moguće aktivnosti za povećanje geoekološke vrijednosti prostora (uređivanje infrastrukture za rekreacijski biciklizam, te obnova starih i uređenje novih edukativnih staza za šetnju i edukaciju na prostoru koji ima potencijal postati zanimljiv i atraktivan dio Parka prirode Hutovo blato).
Javno mnijenje punoljetnih građana Republike Hrvatske prema pristupima djeci s teškoćama u razvoju
Authors: Ombla Jelena , Slišković Ana , Nikolić Ivanišević Matilda , Tokić Andrea , Vidaković Marina
Published: May 2023

Istraživanja stajališta društvene zajednice prema pristupima djeci s teškoćama u razvoju preduvjet su društvenih promjena u smjeru ravnopravnosti. Stoga se ovim istraživanjem nastojala utvrditi razina slaganja građana Republike Hrvatske s tvrdnjama vezanim uz prevalentne modele pristupa djeci s teškoćama u razvoju i aktivnosti koje proizlaze iz određenih modela te moguće razlike s obzirom na sociodemografske karakteristike. Pritom su korištena tri modela pristupa djeci s teškoćama u razvoju: model samilosti, medicinski model i društveni model ljudskih prava (model koji integrira osnovne odrednice društvenog modela i modela ljudskih prava). Istraživanje je provedeno metodom telefonske ankete te je obuhvatilo reprezentativan uzorak punoljetnog stanovništva Hrvatske (N=600). Rezultati su ukazali na visoko slaganje sudionika sa svim tvrdnjama, što s obzirom na nizak odaziv sudionika (oko 20%) zasigurno dijelom proizlazi iz autoselekcije ispitanika i socijalne poželjnosti odgovora na postavljena pitanja. Unatoč ograničenjima, među kojima treba spomenuti i samu metodu telefonskog anketiranja koja ne dopušta obuhvatne operacionalizacije, rezultati provedenog istraživanja ukazuju da se građani Hrvatske najviše slažu s tvrdnjom koja podržava društveni model ljudskih prava, čemu u prilog ide i podatak da slaganje s ovom tvrdnjom ne varira s obzirom na sociodemografske karakteristike. Suprotno tome, rezultati ukazuju na značajnu ulogu roda, dobi, razine obrazovanja i roditeljstva u slaganju s tvrdnjama koje podržavaju model samilosti i medicinski model. Rad prikazuje i podatke o mnijenju građana Hrvatske prema aktivnostima usmjerenima na djecu s teškoćama u razvoju, koje također varira s obzirom na sociodemografske karakteristike te raspravu o teorijskim i praktičnim implikacijama dobivenih rezultata.
The use of international collaborative online learning methodology in a medical course – a learning experience
Authors: Duque-Echeverri Laura , Cuartas-Agudelo Yuban Sebastián , Saavedra-Valencia Miguel Eduardo , Castañeda-Palacio Santiago , Martínez-Sánchez Lina María
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION: The Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) methodology uses a strategy called “Mirror classroom”, where two or more teachers and students from different teaching institutions can share a course through the use of technological tools. The rise of the COIL methodology increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, once Higher Education Institutions had to develop support strategies in digital formats to give continuity to the academic mobility processes. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to present the COIL strategy as a hybrid education method that facilitates learning and peer interaction in a class at the Faculty of Medicine of a University in Colombia. METHODOLOGY: For the realization of the collaborative experience, the students with their groups must carry out a bibliographical search in databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Embase) related to the topic under discussion related to genes, nutrition, and obesity. Based on the information they compiled, they will have to create a creative infographic where they will expose the importance of genetic expression and its relationship to the obesity process. Finally, make a video exposing the results of the research carried out. CONCLUSION: The international collaborative work methodology is an educational strategy that allows the development of soft skills in students and teachers, and the development of teamwork skills, among many others. This type of education allows interpersonal relationships with people who have different locations worldwide.
Imágenes de mujeres en la revista antifascista El mono azul
Authors: Gago Martín Claudia
Published: May 2023

La Alianza de Intelectuales Antifascistas para la Defensa de la Cultura se presenta como una de las instituciones más relevantes para la comprensión del discurso antifascista en España durante la Guerra Civil. Este texto explora la posición de la mujer en la agrupación y la imagen que de ella se desprende en la revista del grupo: El Mono Azul. Se ha trazado un recorrido por la idea de lo femenino en las primeras agrupaciones de mujeres del siglo XX para culminar con un estudio de los textos publicados en la citada revista, en conexión con otras revistas antifascistas como Hora de España y Mujeres Libres.
A historical-pragmatic study of 17th century English accounts of events
Authors: Iraceburu Jiménez Maite
Published: May 2023

This study aims at tracing the sender’s linguistic imprint in six accounts of events written in English in the 17th century. These documents have barely been examined from a linguistic perspective, which justifies the need of the current research in order to shed more light on the study of the History of the English language, in accordance with the principles of Sociopragmatics. The sender of these documents will be seen in the text through the use of evaluative nouns and adjectives, which can sometimes be an evidence of a certain orality, intended or not, which could represent a defining feature of the accounts of events. The present analysis does not only look forward to contributing to a better knowledge of these documents that have fallen into oblivion, but it also seeks to achieve a better sociohistorical understanding of England in the 17th century.
Construcciones interrogativas en las sesiones de terapia
Authors: Querol-Bataller María
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo se centra en describir el uso estratégico de las construcciones interrogativas en español durante la interacción que tiene lugar en las sesiones de terapia de pareja. En concreto, se centra en examinar cómo la construcción interrogativa puede contribuir a escalar o desescalar el conflicto comunicativo que emerge en este tipo de contextos y qué tipo de oraciones interrogativas están implicadas en dicho fin. Para ello, una vez identificados los enunciados interrogativos en el corpus generado por la grabación y transcripción de sesiones de terapia de diferentes parejas españolas, se observaron e interrelacionaron los siguientes aspectos: (a) el tipo de construcciones interrogativas utilizadas por los participantes españoles en dichas situaciones, (b) el papel de los participantes (pareja vs. terapeuta, emisor vs. oyente) en la situación de conflicto y, finalmente, (c) el uso estratégico de estas construcciones para escalar o desescalar el conflicto. Como resultado del análisis cualitativo del corpus, se identifican usos estratégicos discursivos vinculados a la progresión informativa del discurso, usos estratégicos pragmáticos vinculados a la modificación de la fuerza ilocutiva de los actos de habla, y usos estratégicos sociales vinculados al intento de (des)alienación y (des)afiliación con los otros participantes de la interacción.
Poetique de la violence sous le prisme de l'adolescence dans les fictions de Nathacha Appanah
Authors: Alfaro Amieiro Margarita
Published: May 2023

Nathacha Appanah (1973) est originaire de l’île Maurice où elle a travaillé comme journaliste. Elle habite en France depuis 1998 et se consacre à la communication culturelle. Elle a commencé à écrire des romans à partir de 2003. Son premier roman, Les rochers de Poudre d’Or, ouvre une voie narrative originale qui dénonce l’identité migrante en France et ses conséquences. Jusqu’à présent elle a publié neuf romans et elle a reçu de nombreuses distinctions. C’est dans ce contexte que nous nous proposons d’analyser deux romans qui partagent une réflexion autour de la violence de la vie : Tropique de la violence (2016), où l’auteure examine la thématique du conflit inhérent à l’errance et de la violence des immigrés à l’île française de Mayotte, et Le ciel par-dessus le toit (2019) où l’auteure revient sur la thématique de la souffrance sous le prisme de l’adolescence, et associée aux rapports conflictuels mère-fils-fille.
Pedagogía política y drama escolar protestante. El Masaniello de Christian Weise
Authors: Carmen-Cerdán Rodrigo
Published: May 2023

La revuelta de Nápoles de 1647 encabezada por el pescador Tommaso Aniello (Masaniello) suscitó intensas reacciones en todo el continente europeo. A su vez, la reflexión sobre la política y la razón de Estado adquiría cada vez mayor relevancia a partir de la segunda mitad de siglo XVII. El campo literario no se quedó atrás y algunos intelectuales vieron en estos acontecimientos históricos la oportunidad para expandir sus modelos pedagógicos en los teatros escolares protestantes: el uso de la historia como método de enseñanza de la política, de la retórica y de la religión al mismo tiempo. Uno de estos autores fue Christian Weise (1642-1708) quien, tomando como fuente algunas de las crónicas de la revuelta mencionada, construye un drama, Masaniello (1682), en el que pretende hacer reflexionar a sus alumnos, al público y al lector sobre la prudencia política y la razón de Estado.
Molding microchambers in agar with PDMS stamps for live imaging v1
Authors: Essock-Burns Tara
Published: May 2023

This is a step-by-step guide for preparing agar microchambers using a patterned stamp. The protocol includes detailed instructions on selecting the appropriate stamp, preparing the setup, centrifuging the agar into the stamp, and mounting cells of interest for live imaging.
Adatok hazai gyűjteményes kertekben elvaduló fajokról
Authors: Kovács Dániel , Málnási-Csizmadia Gábor , Somlyai Márta , Táborská Jana , Tálas László Máté
Published: May 2023

Munkánk során átvizsgáltuk a Tiszakürti, Szarvasi és Erdőtelki Arborétum, a Tápiósze­lei Agrobotanikus Kert (NBGK), az egri Eszterházy Károly Katolikus Egyetem (EKKE) Botanikus kertjét és a noszvaji De la Motte-kastély parkját. Cikkünkben 186 taxonhoz szolgáltatunk adatokat. Ezek közül 40 gyűjteményes kerti terjedése eddig nem volt ismert hazánkban. A diófélék családjából (Juglandace­ae) négy új potenciálisan terjedő fajt találtunk (Carya cordiformis, C. ovata, Juglans cinerea és J. micro­carpa). Az összes vizsgált Abies faj esetében előfordultak magoncok, csemeték. A Ludwigia grandiflora hetedik hazai, első nagyalföldi előfordulását közöljük a Szarvasi Arborétum mesterséges tavából. To­vábbi adatokkal szolgálunk a nemrég kimutatott Cardamine occulta és a terjedőben lévő Veronica pe­regrina taxonokhoz, melyek főként konténeres növényekkel terjednek.  Az adatok bősége rámutat a hazai gyűjteményes kertekben rejlő kutatási lehetőségekre.
The University and Social Work Under Neoliberalism: Where’s the Social Inclusion for Disabled Faculty?
Authors: McKenzie Cameron , Khan Maryam
Published: May 2023

There is an urgent need to increase the social inclusion of postsecondary faculty with disabilities by reducing the need to adapt to ableist and sanist neoliberal standards. In this article, two social work faculty with disabilities argue that their social exclusion is inevitable under systemic neoliberal priorities of individualism, efficiency, and productivity. We engage in a systems analysis of how educational institutions, namely universities, engage in practices and processes of social exclusion of faculty with disabilities through neoliberal ideologies, policies, and practices. Using an autoethnographic case study method, guided by an intersectional and disability justice theoretical framing, the authors challenge the ahistorical and non‐relational tendencies of neoliberalism in its many forms. Using lived experience as data, the authors elucidate strategies to promote social inclusion aimed at universities and at the discipline of social work. In conclusion, the authors advocate for change at the structural level for the social work profession and for postsecondary institutions.
Discriminatory Motives and Establishment thereof in the Subjective Side of Unreasonable Refusal to Hire a Person or Dismissal of an Employee (Articles 144.1 and 145 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Gretskiy I. A.
Published: May 2023

One of the urgent problems in the Russian labor market is discrimination against job applicants and employees. In order to deal with this phenomenon, the state establishes various liability measures for employers, including criminal ones, for unreasonable refusal to hire or dismissal because a person has reached retirement age, a woman is pregnant or has children under the age of three years. A key role for the criminal legal classification of these crimes belongs to the specific motive of the employer, which is difficult to establish in practice, encouraging them to violate the equality of the right of a person and a citizen to work, depending on their age, pregnancy or children under the age of three years that a woman has. The paper aims to сonsider problematic issues related to the establishment of the motives of the subjects of crimes provided for in Articles 144.1 and 145 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and to give recommendations as to solve them. The tasks are to investigate the motive as a crime-forming sign of the offenses provided for in Articles 144.1 and 145 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and to identify the problems of its establishment in law enforcement practice using the methods of description, analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparison, system-structural and formal logical. The study notes that the difficulties in establishing the discriminatory motives of employers to commit crimes under Articles 144.1 and 145 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are due to the veiling of those under legal motives, the easy concealment of evidence of one’s guilt, as well as a defect in the legislative description. The author proposes recommendations for effective establishment and substantiation of the discriminatory motives of subjects in the offenses provided for in Articles 144.1 and 145 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as eliminating a legislative defect in their description.
Legal Regulation of Environmental Protection when Using Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Bakunkin A. N.
Published: May 2023

The paper is devoted to the current state of legal regulation of environmental protection when using renewable energy sources. Attention is given to the problems of the negative impact of renewable energy sources that need legal regulation on the environment in general and its individual components in particular. The author considers the classification of objects that have a negative impact on the environment in the context of the development of technologies for obtaining energy from renewable sources, the general requirements imposed by environmental legislation on such objects. The direction of development of regional legislation on renewable energy sources is analyzed. The positive experience of legal regulation of environmental protection in the use of renewable energy sources in the EU member states is studied. Directions for improving environmental legislation in the creation and use of renewable energy sources are proposed.
Redox control of tumor cell apoptosis during hypoxia
Authors: Nosareva Ol'ga L. , Stepovaya Elena A. , Shakhristova Evgenija V. , Pashkovskiy Daniil V. , Rublevskiy Vyacheslav B.
Published: May 2023

Currently, close attention is paid to studies aimed at searching for redox-sensitive targets for the regulation of tumor cell death. Tumor growth is characterized by impaired cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis against the background of oxidative stress. Hypoxia contributes to the formation of mitochondrial dysfunction and acts as an additional factor that exacerbates oxidative stress in the tumor cell. Reactive oxygen species are general damaging factors, however, they can act as modulators of processes such as reception, intracellular signaling, proliferation, apoptosis, while taking part in the functioning of the cell redox system and contributing to the oxidative modification of macromolecules. One of the possible reasons for the activation of the production of reactive oxygen species is the low content of O2 in the cell, the final electron acceptor to ensure the functioning of the enzymes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The glutathione system makes a significant contribution to maintaining the balance between prooxidants and antioxidants in the cell. The role of this system is justified by the reduction potential of glutathione, which, acting as an acceptor of hydroxyl ions and singlet oxygen, significantly reduces the cytotoxic and damaging effects of reactive oxygen species. At the same time, it serves as a coenzyme for glutathione-dependent enzymes, which play a leading role not only in providing antioxidant processes, but also in maintaining the thiol disulfide balance. Hypoxia, which acts as a factor in the activation of free radical oxidation against the background of proliferation and apoptosis dysregulation, contributes to the formation of resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic effects. In light of this, the importance of studying the redox-dependent mechanisms involved in the regulation and implementation of tumor cell death under insufficient oxygen supply becomes obvious, which is necessary for the development of personalized antitumor therapy. The article presents a review of modern literature, including the results of our own research, on the role of the thiol disulfide system and oxidatively modified proteins in the redox regulation of proliferation and apoptotic death of tumor cells, including under hypoxic conditions.
Nivolumab Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Unresectable Advanced or Metastatic Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yoshinami Yuri ,   Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, Yamamoto Shun ,   Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, Kato Ken ,   Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Published: May 2023

Oesophageal cancer (OC) is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide, and there are few effective treatment options for advanced OC. Fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy has been the standard first-line treatment for advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) but the survival outcomes are poor. Therefore, there is a need to develop new, more effective drugs. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a new standard treatment for several malignancies. Nivolumab, a human monoclonal immunoglobulin G4 antibody that inhibits programmed cell death protein-1, has been developed for the treatment of advanced OSCC. Nivolumab monotherapy demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety in patients with OSCC in the ATTRACTION-3 trial, and was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as later-line treatment for patients with previously treated OSCC, regardless of programmed cell death protein-1 ligand expression status. Recently, the CheckMate 648 trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of both an ICI in combination with chemotherapy, and a dual ICI combination, as first-line treatment for patients with advanced OSCC. This review discusses the current status of nivolumab combination therapy for patients with advanced OSCC, and future perspectives.
Sutimlimab for the Treatment of Cold Agglutinin Disease
Authors: Weitz Ilene ,   Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology, Keck-USC School of Medicine Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Published: May 2023

Cold agglutinin disease is a very rare haemolytic anaemia characterized by antibody-mediated haemolysis, complement activation, thrombosis and poor quality of life. In recent years, our understanding of the complement system and its role in disease has increased dramatically. However, because there is an increased risk of infection with inhibiting complement at the complement 5 and complement 3 levels, blocking the classical complement pathway is being explored instead as a way to strategically inhibit the complement system while minimizing the infection risks. Sutimlimab is a humanized immunoglobulin G4 antibody developed to inhibit the classical complement pathway. Its role and efficacy in treating patients with cold agglutinin disease will be the focus of this paper.
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for the Treatment of HER2-positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Yamashita Toshinari ,   Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
Published: May 2023

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a new-generation anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody–drug conjugate that has demonstrated good efficacy due to its stable linker, high drug–antibody ratio, and high bystander effect resulting from the efficient cell membrane permeability of its payload. The DESTINY-Breast01 trial showed a response rate of >60% in patients with HER2-positive advanced recurrent breast cancer who had received a median of six regimens of prior therapy. The DESTINY-Breast03 trial, which compared T-DXd with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in HER2-positive unresectable and/or metastatic breast cancer also showed very high efficacy. Although T-DXd is highly effective, it is associated with a greater incidence of interstitial pneumonia than conventional anti-HER2 agents such as T-DM1. HER2-positive breast cancer frequently develops brain metastases, the drug therapy for which has had extremely limited success. Recently, however, in a small number of trials, T-DXd has been reported to be effective against brain metastasis, by shrinking BM.
INCREASING TOOL LIFE THROUGH ADJUSTMENT OF CUTTING EDGE AND TOOLPATH DURING MILLING OF INCONEL 718
Authors:   Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Production Machines and Equipment, VAVRUSKA PETR , MALY JAN ,   Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Production Machines and Equipment, NOVOTNY ANTONIN ,   ROTANA a.s., Development department
Published: May 2023

This paper focuses on analysis of tool life during milling of nickel alloy Inconel 718. Several modifications of one type of carbide tool with different cutting edge finish adjustments (lapping, drag finishing) were proposed for milling of Inconel 718. These finish adjustments significantly influence cutting edge properties (hardness, radius value, etc.). The toolpath geometry setup has a great influence on chip formation and tool load characteristics during milling strategies. The milling tests were performed by using the cutting tools with several adjustments of cutting edge in combination with the toolpath geometry setup. The paper therefore presents the analysis that tool life can be significantly increased through proper finish adjustment of cutting edge microgeometry and proper toolpath setup.
Percepción de estudiantes universitarios sobre la metodología del Aprendizaje Basado en Equipos (ABE)
Authors: Guerra-García Jorge , Guevara-Benítez Yolanda , Rugerio-Tapia Juan Pablo , Hermosillo-García Ángela , Pérez-Arana María Fernanda
Published: May 2023

Introducción: El Aprendizaje Basado en Equipos (ABE) es un método de enseñanza cuyo propósito principal es que los alumnos universitarios sean capaces de aplicar los conocimientos teóricos a la resolución de problemas relacionados con su rol profesional. Por ello se requiere contar con un instrumento que permita conocer la percepción de los estudiantes con respecto al cumplimiento de dicho propósito. Objetivo: Evaluar las percepciones de los estudiantes acerca de la metodología ABE, para lo cual se diseñó y validó un instrumento. Metodología: Con base en las actividades secuenciadas del ABE se elaboraron los reactivos del instrumento, y este se validó a través de un procedimiento por juicio de expertos. Luego, para evaluar las percepciones, se procedió a su aplicación con estudiantes que, durante un semestre lectivo previo, participaron en un curso llevado a cabo con la metodología del Aprendizaje Basado en Equipos. Resultados y discusión: Después de la evaluación y las sugerencias de los jueces, el instrumento quedó conformado por 50 reactivos para evaluar la percepción de los alumnos respecto del ABE, siendo aplicado a los estudiantes participantes. Los resultados mostraron una percepción positiva por parte de los participantes hacia la metodología ABE, calificando como adecuadas a cinco de las siete actividades evaluadas, mientras en las otras dos actividades mostraron neutralidad. Conclusiones: Este trabajo aporta un instrumento validado para conocer la percepción de los estudiantes respecto a la metodología ABE, así como evidencias de la opinión positiva, de la muestra participante, sobre este tipo de enseñanza.
BAYINDIRLIK BAKANI TEVFİK İLERİ’NİN KARADENİZ BÖLGESİ’Nİ ZİYARETLERİ (1958)
Authors: YILDIRIM KIRIŞ Özlem
Published: May 2023

Türk siyasi tarihinin önemli isimlerinden biri olan Tevfik İleri, Demokrat Parti’nin Samsun milletvekili adayı olarak katıldığı 1950 seçimlerinde seçilerek siyasete adım attı. 1950 seçimleri sonucunda DP’nin iktidara gelmesiyle Birinci Menderes Kabinesi’nde önce ulaştırma bakanı olarak görev aldı. DP’nin ilk kabinesinde Millî Eğitim Bakanı Avni Başman’dan sonra Başbakan Adnan Menderes’in isteğiyle; Ulaştırma Bakanlığından ayrılıp Millî Eğitim Bakan-lığına atandı. Beşinci Menderes Kabinesi’nde devlet vekili ve başvekil yardımcısı olarak yer aldı. Aynı kabinede Ethem Menderes'ten sonra 19 Ocak 1958'de Nafia (Bayındırlık) Bakanlığına getirildi. Bu çalışmada Tevfik İleri’nin 1958 yılında bayındırlık bakanı iken Karadeniz vilayetlerine yapmış olduğu gezilerdeki tetkikleri değerlendirilmeye çalışıldı. Bu seyahat dâhilinde İnebolu, Sinop, Samsun, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, Artvin ve Rize’ye giden İleri, bakanlığıyla ilgili tetkiklerde bulunmuş, halkın düşünce ve isteklerini dinlemiştir. Tevfik İleri, yaptığı tetkiklerde gittiği bölgelerde DP iktidarınca tamamlanan ya da yapımına devam edilen projeler hakkında kamu-oyuna bilgi vermiştir. Tevfik İleri’nin Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki ziyaretlerini gerçekleştirdiği 1958 yılı Türk siyasi tarih açısından dikkate değer bir zaman aralığıdır. Karadeniz Bölgesi’ne yapılan ziyaretler bölge özelinde ve Türkiye’de söz konusu dönemde yaşanan siyasi atmosferi anlamak ve tahlil edebilmek açısından önemli bilgiler vermektedir.
A pre- experimental study to assess the effectiveness of educational intervention on knowledge and practice regarding diarrhea management among mothers of under -five children in under five clinic of sub-district hospital bijbehara, Anantnag, Kashmir
Authors: Yousuf Andleeb , Mushtaq Aqib , Gull Danishta , Maqbool Aanifa , Basharat Sheikh
Published: May 2023

Each day thousands of under five children around the world suffer from diarrhea. Diarrhea can cause severe illness and even can lead to death in under five children. As per World Health organization diarrhea is defined as the loose, watery stools that occur more frequently than usual. Diarrhea is usually caused by virus, or sometimes, contaminated food. Less frequently, it can be a sign of another disorder, such as inflammatory bowel disease or irritable bowel syndrome.

40 under five mothers were selected from Sub district hospital Bijbehara, Anantnag Kashmir. Purposive sampling technique was used for selecting the sample. A structured interview questionnaire was used to collect data.

The findings revealed that among demographic variables most of the subjects were in the age of 25-35 years (60%), (22.5%) of them were in the age group of 18-25 years, and (17.5%) were in the age group of above 35, that pretest knowledge score shows that 5 (12.5%) of the participants had inadequate knowledge. 31 (77.5%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 4(10%) had adequate knowledge. Similarly, post test knowledge score shows that (0%) of the participants had inadequate knowledge, 13(32.5%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 27(67.5%) had adequate knowledge this indicates that mean post test knowledge score 15.25 is higher than the mean pretest 10.93 the obtained t value is 13.557 is significant at p<0.05. The pre test practice score shows that 295%) had of the participants had inadequate knowledge, 28(70%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 10(25%) had adequate knowledge, similarly post test practice shows that none of the participant had inadequate knowledge, 8(20%) had moderately adequate knowledge, and 32(80%) had adequate knowledge. This, indicates that mean post test knowledge score 16.1 is higher than mean pretest practice score 12.23. Of the obtained t value 14.839 is significant at p <0.05.

The findings of the study revealed that educational intervention is helpful for the mothers of under five children to manage diarrhea in early stage and its prevention for further complications.
Analysis of correlation between the parasite density and clinical profile of malaria
Authors: Meghwal Badrilal , Bhagora Abhishek , Bhagora Ankit
Published: May 2023

Malaria, an infectious disease caused by protozoans of the genus Plasmodium, continues to be a serious global health problem. Typically, a higher parasite count is associated with a more severe infection and increased mortality. Delay in diagnosis and treatment also contributes to the mortality. In India, transmission of malaria is low and seasonal.Due to this unstable endemicity of the disease, we hypothesized that in our patients with malaria, morbidity and mortality will occur at lower parasitaemia levels compared to highly endemic areas. Therefore, we conducted this study at our tertiary care centre to find out correlation between parasite density and clinical profile of malaria.

This observational, hospital based, cross- sectional study was carried out to find the correlation between parasite density and clinical profile of malaria in department of Pediatrics, Maharana Bhupal Government hospital, Udaipur for one year (April 21 to March 2022) duration.

A total of 96 children aged 1 month to 18 years of age were enrolled. The most common presenting feature was fever (100%) followed by nausea and vomiting (68.8%) followed by headache (43.7%), jaundice (31.3%) and pain abdomen (29.2%). 60.4% patients had parasite density of less than 50,000 followed by 20.8% with below 1 lakh parasite density, 14.6% with density between 1 to 2 lakhs and remaining with higher parasite density. Maximum parasite density (more than 1 lakh/µl) was observed among P. falciparum patients, followed by mixed infection (1-2 lakhs/µl) patients. Correlation of clinical profile and parasite density revealed that as the parasite density increased there was increased in number of patients with headache, impaired consciousness, convulsions, and oliguria.

High parasite density was associated with severe clinical illness and deranged laboratory parameters. As parasite density is very sensitive index, preparation of good quality peripheral blood film and proper assessment (parasite density) can help to assess the disease severity and outcome. High parasitaemia can be prevented by general measures in the form of proper education, good sanitation, and good awareness about the use of anti-larval activity.
Aphorisms of Dr. Rosenthal (introductory article, text preparation and comments by N.V. Semenova)
Authors: Semenova Natalya V.
Published: May 2023

The aphorisms of the journalist, publicist, physician August Osipovich Rosenthal (18301891) are introduced into scientific discourse. In 1855 Rosenthal raised an uprising that became part of the peasant uprisings of the mid-1850s. He was arrested and exiled to Siberia, later reinstated. In 1880 he emigrated: the published aphorisms refer to the overseas period of Rosenthal's life. The preamble to the text specifies biographical information based on archival sources from Rosenthal's personal fund (Manuscript Department of the IRLI (the Pushkin House) RAS, F. 258).The published aphorisms are reflections on the moral nature of the human being and society. Distinctive features of Rosenthal's collection are a combination of didactics, humor and adherence to the knowledge scientific paradigm, openness to dialogue with the reader and declarative interactivity.
The role of social activity in the urban space management
Authors: Bernyukevich Tatyana V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The study relevance is concerned with the complexity of urban space management issues, including a number of aspects: social, economic, urban planning proper, etc. The subject of analysis in this article is the role of social activity in managing the urban space. The purpose of the study is to identify the place and functions of the social activity within the framework of the efficient management of urban processes. The objectives of the study include: determining the parameters of the urban spatial characteristics, in terms of subject differences of various disciplines; analyzing approaches to managing the urban space; clarifying the role of the social activity in this management. Materials and methods. The study is based on an integrated approach that enables to consider the complex phenomenon of the urban space from different perspectives and, in relation to this complexity, determine the social aspects of urban space management. Results. Exploring the urban cultural space often involves interdisciplinarity. Urban space organization records the history of the city, its needs, and strategic development. A unique image of the city, formed by the relation between its streets, squares, embankments, its architecture. A significant contribution to the study of urban space was made by representatives of the urban sociology, within which the issues of urban development were associated with social transformations. The analysis of these transformations has started the urban sociology. Conclusions. Ways of developing urban spaces are set by the production practice and social relations, the complex social system and influence of social groups, the authority and corporate role. Not only establishing the theoretical and methodological basis for developing the urban space is necessary, but also educing their potential to consider the public opinion when determining the urban development and improvement.
Provincial town as a spatial model in the satirical and humorous literature
Authors: Golubkov Sergey A.
Published: May 2023

The article deals with the artistic functions of local spatial models in the Russian satirical and humorous prose of the 20th century. It gives an idea of the typology of comic evaluation objects (character, situation, event, space). Particular attention is paid to the city as a multidimensional cultural text, as a universal metaphor for the state world order. The work reveals a contradiction between the real scale of the county town and the ridiculously grandiose ambitions of its inhabitants. The article discusses the semantics of the province objective world in the satirical and humorous prose, the semantic content of distinguishing between one's own and another's. In this respect, the satirists and comedians development of the humorous specific technique is essential (the motives of rumor, the introduction of imaginary figures, playing with scales, elements of mystification).
Teacher and power: the evolution of professional requirements in the 1920–1930s
Authors: Lelyukhin Sergey V.
Published: May 2023

The study of the initial Soviet stage of the general education history is important both for understanding the transformative processes in the Soviet society as a whole, and for comparing the Soviet and post-Soviet societies. This issue is particularly topical due to the fact that, in accordance with the decree of the President of Russia, 2023 has been declared the Year of Teacher and Mentor. Having defined the impact of the state on the formation of priorities for professional activities in general education as the subject of research, the author highlights the educational and pedagogic course of work. An analysis of archival documents stored in the funds of the State Archive of Recent History of the Saratov Region was carried out. 1918 - 1941 Documents were studied within the framework of two historical periods. The first period started with the adoption of the "On a unified labor school" provision and ended in 1930 with return to stable programs and textbooks, the second period started in 1930 and ended with the beginning of World War II (1941). As a result of the study, it was found that loyalty to the content of educational programs in the twenties was replaced by increased control in the thirties. This period is characterized by the of teachers activities monitoring expansion that included student performance, the sanitary condition of schools, the school staff performance, assessment of the calligraphy rules observing by teachers when putting grades in students notebooks. Educational work remained a priority, since the curriculum in any discipline was associated with the communist education. The socialist competition in the school became a tool for controlling the professional activities of teachers. Educational institutions were involved in the socialist completion along with industrial enterprises. For schools the competition combined both vectors of teachers activities control and educational and pedagogic work in one tool. The widespread practice of ignoring the fulfillment of socialist competition conditions testifies to its visibility. The data, stored in the regional archive, on cases of conscious violation of the established work order, socialist competition imitation confirm that.
Sacramental desire
Authors: Razinov Yuriy A.
Published: May 2023

The work considers the theoretical dispute between different concepts of desire: "classical", structuralist, and post-structuralist. This dispute unfolds in two aspects: the social desire production and desire-scarcity connection. The author shows this dispute to be axiomatic and reflect the process of transition from an industrial society, which is based on shortage and lagging consumption, to a post-industrial society, which is based on excess and advanced consumption. The author relies on Lacan's and Kojve's concepts of desire and criticizes post-structuralist ideas of Deleuze, Guattari and Lyotard, particularly the concept of unconditional and unlimited desire. The article distinguishes between the concepts of innermost and sacramental desire in order to define the boundaries of the "desiring production". This distinction is applied in the analysis of "Solaris" by S. Lem and "Stalker" by Tarkovsky.