bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Tourism Economists Do. Their Contribution to Understanding Tourism*
Authors: Wanhill Stephen
Published: November 2021

The journal Tourism Economics was established in 1995. This article is a statistical report on the topics examined by tourism economists from the inception of the journal until now. The tables and the accompanying text are meant as a guide to research and not an overview of tourism economics as a subject, for which there are several textbooks available. To maintain a sense of objectivity, only articles that were awarded ‘best paper’ recognition are cited, so in the main the discussion focuses on the popularity of research themes and areas where further investigation would appear worthwhile. It is noted that in many cases a major obstacle has been the availability of data to progress the applied nature of the discipline.
Modelling International Monthly Tourist in Spain*
Authors: Cuñado Juncal , Alberiko Gil-Alana Luis , Perez De Gracia Fernando
Published: November 2021

This article investigates the degree of persistence in the international monthly tourist time series in Spain using long memory (fractional integration) techniques. Our findings can be summarized as follows. The two standard hypotheses of integer degrees of differentiation, i.e., the I(0) and the I(1) behaviour, are clearly rejected. The series is found to be I(d) with a value of d in the interval (0.421, 0.780) thus implying long memory behaviour and mean reverting behaviour. However, if a structural break is considered, it takes place at May 2007, and then, the two subsamples present orders of integration which are above 1 and thus rejecting the mean reverting hypothesis.
Assessing Social Carrying Capacity of Tourism Destinations with Random Utility Models*
Authors: Eugenio-Martin Juan L.
Published: November 2021

Some local visitors or tourists avoid visiting resorts because they have experienced or anticipate overcrowding. Hence, policymakers are concerned to monitor congestion levels. The paper proposes the use of the elasticity of the probability of visiting a destination with respect to increases in congestion, from a random utility framework. More precisely, random parameter logit model is estimated. The advantage of this approach is that it captures not only the current level of congestion but other aspects, such as the sensitivity of different destinations towards crowding and different visitors’ concern about congestion and their probabilities of visiting alternative destinations. It is shown that the rate of change of the elasticity increases with the number of visitors, capturing the expected underlying non-linear relationship such that, when the number of visitors is low, the index is also low but increases exponentially with the influx of new visitors.
Are Village Funds Effective in Improving Social Welfare in East Indonesia?
Authors: BADRUDIN RUDY , DEWANTI BESTARI AYU , SIREGAR BALDRIC
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of village funds on social welfare of the district society in Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, and West Papua Provinces based on 2015-2018 data. The Village funds began to be distributed to all villages in these four provinces and other provinces in Indonesia in 2015. The data collection technique uses documentation technique, so that it produces secondary data in the form of a village funds, the Government Regional Budget, Gross Regional Domestic Product, and Human Development Index reports in four provinces which have been published on the official website of the Indonesian Statistics Agency. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling method with considerations in accordance with the objectives of the study. Based on the results of the regression analysis, it shows that village funds have not been able to influence on social welfare of the district society even though this has been accompanied by an allocation of capital expenditures and economic growth variables. There is a possibility that the size of the area in the villages in the four provinces and the quality of human resources for managing village funds in districts is an obstacle.
Autoconcepto y ansiedad social como variables predictoras del rendimiento académico de los adolescentes españoles con padres divorciados
Authors: Orgilés Mireia , Johnson Blair T. , Huedo-Medina Tania B. , Espada José P.
Published: November 2021

Introducción. Estudios previos indican que el divorcio de los padres puede aumentar la vulnerabilidad de los hijos a desarrollar determinados problemas personales, como bajo rendimiento académico. El presente estudio examina el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes españoles con padres divorciados y su relación con el autoconcepto y la ansiedad social.Método. La muestra está formada por 342 adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre 14 y 18 años, la mitad de ellos con padres divorciados, reclutados de 15 colegios ubicados en cinco provincias españolas. Los participantes informaron del número de sobresalientes y suspensos obtenidos y completaron el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto y la Escala de Ansiedad Social para Adolescentes.Resultados. Los resultados indican que, en comparación con los adolescentes con padres divorciados, los que tenían padres casados (a) obtenían más suspensos, y (b) tenían un peor autoconcepto académico. El análisis de regresión múltiple reveló que los adolescentes con padres divorciados que tenían más probabilidad de obtener calificaciones de suspenso eran los varones, más mayores, con peor autoconcepto, y que vivían con la nueva pareja de la madre o padre.Discusión. Se confirma que el divorcio de los padres se relaciona en los adolescentes españoles con peor rendimiento académico. Los hallazgos sugieren la importancia de detectar, desde el ámbito educativo, problemas escolares en los adolescentes cuyos padres se han divorciado con el objetivo de prevenir el fracaso escolar y otros problemas asociados.
Validación en español del Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal –IRI- en estudiantes universitarios colombianos
Authors: Arenas Estevez Luisa Fernanda , Rangel Quiñonez Henry Sebastian , Cortés Aguilar Alexandra , Palacio Garcia Luis Alejandro
Published: November 2021

Este artículo explora las dimensiones factoriales del Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal -IRI (Davis, 1980; 1983), una de las medidas de autoinforme más utilizadas para evaluar los componentes de la empatía. El análisis se realiza con la información de 1779 estudiantes universitarios de primer nivel en los años 2018 y 2019 en una universidad pública colombiana. Con el fin de contribuir a una mejor adaptación del instrumento al contexto colombiano, se valida la estructura de cuatro factores propuesta por el autor originalmente. Para esto se recurre a un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) estimado por Mínimos Cuadrados Ponderados Diagonalizados (MCPD). Los resultados muestran que la versión en español aplicada a los estudiantes colombianos posee características psicométricas similares a la versión original. Sin embargo, se encuentran problemas de ajuste para nueve ítems, al parecer por dificultades de comprensión de la versión en español. El modelo final presenta mejores indicadores de ajuste que indican validez en el instrumento para la evaluación de los diferentes componentes de la empatía.
Desarrollo de estrategias de afrontamiento efectivas para reducir el acoso escolar y su impacto en las víctimas estables
Authors: Mora-Merchán Joaquín , Espino Esperanza , Del Rey Rosario
Published: November 2021

El acoso escolar provoca graves efectos en quienes se ven implicados, especialmente en las víctimas. Entre ellas, aquellas que viven estos episodios de forma prolongada son quienes manifiestan más consecuencias negativas. Para luchar contra este problema, el alumnado pone en marcha diferentes estrategias de afrontamiento que les permiten detener o sobrellevar estas situaciones y mitigar sus efectos. Este estudio pretende analizar el impacto del programa Asegúrate en las estrategias de afrontamiento usadas por las víctimas. En este trabajo participaron 3,428 alumnos de secundaria obligatoria (48.9% chicas) pertenecientes a 20 centros educativos. Los resultados de ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostraron cómo el programa Asegúrate mejora las estrategias de afrontamiento que usa el alumnado general y victimizado. Estos cambios en el afrontamiento de la victimización ocurren en las ex víctimas y no entre las víctimas estables. La eficacia del programa para la mejora del uso efectivo de las estrategias de afrontamiento queda evidenciada, aunque no se vieron reducidas las estrategias de evitación, siendo estas las menos efectivas. Se discuten razones que expliquen estos resultados e implicaciones para el diseño de programas de prevención e intervención.
Pengaruh E-Payment Trust terhadap Minat Transaksi pada E-Marketplace Menggunakan Framework Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) 3
Authors: Lestari Merryana , Purnomo Hindriyanto Dwi , Sembiring Irwan
Published: November 2021

Transaksi melalui e-Marketplace dilakukan menggunakan transaksi pembayaran secara digital yang disebut sebagai layanan e-Payment. Oleh karena itu, e-Payment memegang peranan penting dalam proses transaksi jual beli pada e-Marketplace khususnya dalam transaksi pembayaran. Seringkali pengguna memiliki kekhawatiran tersendiri dalam melakukan transaksi pembayaran menggunakan e-Payment, salah satu kekhawatiran paling mendasar adalah mengenai jaminan integritas keamanan data dan privasi data pelanggan. Kepercayaan pengguna dipandang menjadi suatu resiko besar yang dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap minat pembelian pada e-Marketplace. Melalui penelitian ini, akan dianalisis bagaimana tingkat pengaruh kepercayaan pengguna pada e-Payment di Indonesia terhadap transaksi pada e-Marketplace memakai metode Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) versi 3. Hasil penelitian ini merupakan bahan evaluasi bagi vendor e-Marketplace guna melakukan analisis seberapa sering pengguna melakukan transaksi di dalam e-Marketplace sehingga semakin memberikan kepercayaan pengguna untuk melakukan transaksi menggunakan layanan e-Payment.

 

Abstract

Transactions through e-Marketplace are carried out using digital payment transactions or commonly referred to as e-Payments. Therefore, e-Payment plays an important role in the process of buying and selling transactions on the e-Marketplace, especially in payment transactions. Often users have their own concerns in making payment transactions using e-Payment, one of the most basic concerns is about guaranteeing data security integrity and customer data privacy. User trust is seen as a big risk that can have an influence on buying interest in the e-Marketplace. Through this research, it will be analyzed how the level of influence of user trust in e-Payment in Indonesia on the impact of purchases on e-Marketplace using the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM 3) framework. The results of this study can be used as evaluation material for e-Marketplace vendors to analyze how often users make transactions in the e-Marketplace so that it gives more confidence to users to make transactions using e-Payment services.
Sistem Monitoring Frekuensi Denyut Nadi pada Pelari Menggunakan Metode Photoplethysmographic
Authors: Setiarini Asih , Laksana Mahatma Widya , Winarno Basuki
Published: November 2021

Lari merupakan olahraga yang efektif untuk membakar kalori. Namun, olahraga ini mempunyai dampak negatif bagi pelari yang mampu memicu serangan jantung sehingga dibutuhkan alat kesehatan untuk mendeteksi frekuensi denyut nadi saat berlari. Tujuan penelitian ini merancang sistem monitoring frekuensi denyut nadi secara real time pada pelari dengan menggunakan easily plugin pulse sensor berbasis photoplethysmographic. Sensor tersebut terdiri atas transmitter dan receiver infrared yang dipasang pada ujung jari tengah yang mana melalui jaringan kulit mampu mendeteksi volume darah. Fitur buzzer digunakan sebagai alarm jika denyut jantung mencapai 170 Beat Per Minute (BPM). Alat ini juga dilengkapi dengan aplikasi Android yang memudahkan pihak lain memonitoring keadaan denyut nadi pelari. Bluetooth HC-05 sebagai modul komunikasi data antara Arduino dan Android. Alat yang dirancang memiliki error maksimum sebesar 0,73% berdasarkan data percobaan dari 5 partisipan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, sistem monitoring frekuensi denyut nadi secara real time mampu mendeteksi serangan jantung saat berlari dan adanya fitur data logger digunakan untuk rekap medis keadaan frekuensi denyut jantung saat berlari tanpa menggunakan aplikasi smartphone Android.

 

Abstract

Running is the most popular workout around the world, because the most accessible, the cheapest and organized sport. However, running is dangerous in people suffering from heart disease. Hence, the medical device to detect heart failure for runners is required. In this paper, a monitoring system and data logger for detecting heart pulse by using easily plugin pulse sensor heart beat and its implementation for runners is newly proposed. The proposed method of sensor to detect the heart beat by using Photoplesthymograph principle. The sensor consists of transmitter and receiver infrared through to skin tissue to detect the blood volume. Different to previous work, the proposed device can be real time to monitor runners while running and have alarm when their heart beat reach 170 BPM. This device is also equipped with an Android application that facilitate other parties to monitor the runner’s heart beat. By using OMRON HEM-7203 as comparison devices, the rate error of measurement result is 0,086% within 5 participans. The proposed device is suitable for heart pulse monitoring system for runners in real time to reduce the heart attack while running.
Pendeteksi Citra Masker Wajah Menggunakan CNN dan Transfer Learning
Authors: Naufal Mohammad Farid , Kusuma Selvia Ferdiana
Published: November 2021

Pada tahun 2021 pandemi Covid-19 masih menjadi masalah di dunia. Protokol kesehatan diperlukan untuk mencegah penyebaran Covid-19. Penggunaan masker wajah adalah salah satu protokol kesehatan yang umum digunakan. Pengecekan secara manual untuk mendeteksi wajah yang tidak menggunakan masker adalah pekerjaan yang lama dan melelahkan. Computer vision merupakan salah satu cabang ilmu komputer yang dapat digunakan untuk klasifikasi citra. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) merupakan algoritma deep learning yang memiliki performa bagus dalam klasifikasi citra. Transfer learning merupakan metode terkini untuk mempercepat waktu training pada CNN dan untuk mendapatkan performa klasifikasi yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini melakukan klasifikasi citra wajah untuk membedakan orang menggunakan masker atau tidak dengan menggunakan CNN dan Transfer Learning. Arsitektur CNN yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah MobileNetV2, VGG16, DenseNet201, dan Xception. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba menggunakan 5-cross validation, Xception memiliki akurasi terbaik yaitu 0.988 dengan waktu total komputasi training dan testing sebesar 18274 detik. MobileNetV2 memiliki waktu total komputasi tercepat yaitu 4081 detik dengan akurasi sebesar 0.981.

 

Abstract

In 2021 the Covid-19 pandemic is still a problem in the world. Therefore, health protocols are needed to prevent the spread of Covid-19. The use of face masks is one of the commonly used health protocols. However, manually checking to detect faces that are not wearing masks is a long and tiring job. Computer vision is a branch of computer science that can be used for image classification. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a deep learning algorithm that has good performance in image classification. Transfer learning is the latest method to speed up CNN training and get better classification performance. This study performs facial image classification to distinguish people using masks or not by using CNN and Transfer Learning. The CNN architecture used in this research is MobileNetV2, VGG16, DenseNet201, and Xception. Based on the results of trials using 5-cross validation, Xception has the best accuracy of 0.988 with a total computation time of training and testing of 18274 seconds. MobileNetV2 has the fastest total computing time of 4081 seconds with an accuracy of 0.981.
UJI TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH MANGGA MENGGUNAKAN PIGMEN ANTOSIANIN DARI BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea)
Authors: Puspita Dhanang , Sihombing Monang , Permata Karina
Published: November 2021

Increased consumption of fruit requires consumers to understand how to choose good and ripe fruit. The level of fruit maturity can be known based on physical characteristics, including the parameters of size, weight, skin color, fragrance of the fruit, and the level of hardness of the fruit flesh. Determining the level of fruit maturity based on physical characteristics has a weakness that is subjective and inconsistent. Making indicators based on natural dyes, namely anthocyanins, to determine the level of sweetness of the fruit. The purpose of this research is to use anthocyanin pigments as an indicator of fruit sweetness level to determine fruit maturity. This research is an experimental laboratory and qualitative descriptive analysis with stages; Sample Extraction, Indicator Making, Indicator Application, Fruit Acidity Testing, Data Analysis. Based on the results of the study, there were quite visible color differences on toothpicks after being inserted into the fruit samples with a sweet taste and the fruit samples with a sour taste. The indicator shows that fruit with a sour taste (pH < 3) changes color from blue to reddish purple. If the taste is not too sour (pH 5), it does not experience a significant color change. In conclusion, the anthocyanins in telang flower can be used as an indicator solution because they have a blue color at neutral pH, a reddish color at pH = 2, the red color fades at pH = 3 and 4, and there is no color change at pH 5.
Rare forms of glaucoma
Authors:   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Irkutsk Branch, Russian Federation, Shchuko A.G. , Iureva T.N. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Irkutsk Branch, Russian Federation, Dmitrenko D.V. ,   University clinic of the Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Ministry of Health of Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Voskresenskaya A.A. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary branch, Gorbunova N.Y. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary branch, Zhukova S.I. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Irkutsk Branch, Russian Federation, Malov I.V. ,   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Olshanskaya A.S. ,   University clinic of the Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Ministry of Health of Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Pozdeeva N.A. ,   Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary branch, Chesheiko E.Y. ,   Ophthalmological clinic "Excimer", St. Petersburg, Schneider N.A. ,   National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology named after V.M. Bekhtereva, St. Petersburg
Published: November 2021

Глаукома была и остается одной из основных неразгаданных «загадок» офтальмологии. В течение более 30 лет Иркутский филиал «МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» глубоко занимается профилактикой слепоты от глаукомы. Одним из направлений является изучение так называемых редких форм глаукомы, диагностика которых вызывает проблемы у офтальмологов. Несмотря на то что частота их невелика, социальная значимость данной патологии чрезвычайно важна, так как встречается она в основном у людей молодого возраста, а своевременные диагностика и лечение в большинстве случаев позволяют избежать печального исхода. Появление в последнее десятилетие дополнительных ультрасовременных приборов для диагностики глазной патологии, обладающих высоким разрешением и позволяющих уже на микроуровне исследовать ткани, значительно расширила возможности офтальмологов в борьбе с этим глазным заболеванием. Предлагаем вашему вниманию 2-е дополненное издание монографии, в которое вошли результаты самых современных методов исследования и ряд новых нозологических форм этой патологии.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РЕЦЕПТУРНОЙ КОМПОНОВКИ НА СИЛУ ВЗРЫВА НАНОТЕРМИТНОЙ КОМПОЗИЦИИ CuO/Al/1Me-3H
Authors: Гордеев В.В. , Казутин М.В. , Козырев Н.В.
Published: November 2021

Синтезированное в ИПХЭТ СО РАН низкочувствительное высокоэнергетическое вещество 1-метил-3-нитро-1,2,4-триазол (1Ме-3Н) рассматривается как перспективная добавка, способная увеличить силу взрыва нанотермитных композиций. В работе приведены результаты исследования силы взрыва (F) нанотермитной композиции CuO/Al/1Me-3H в зависимости от содержания 1Ме-3Н. Исследован ряд составов различной рецептурной компоновки: I – соотношение компонентов тройной смеси CuO/Al/1Me-3H соответствовало максимальной расчетной теплоте взрыва композиции (Q) при заданном содержании 1Ме-3Н; II – соотношение компонентов тройной смеси соответствовало максимальному расчётному значению давления (P), развиваемому при горении композиции в замкнутом объеме; III –соотношение компонентов базовой нанотермитной пары CuO/Al (79/21 % масс.), соответствующее максимальному расчетному значению Q, оставалось постоянным в тройной смеси; IV – соотношение компонентов базовой нанотермитной пары CuO/Al (76/24 % масс.), соответствующее максимальному расчетному значению P, оставалось постоянным в тройной смеси. Для всех типов компоновки выявлен экстремальный характер зависимости силы взрыва от содержания 1Ме-3Н, при этом максимальные значения F наблюдаются при содержании добавки 5 % для компоновки I (F = 107 %), 10 % для компоновки II (F = 128 %), 25 % для компоновки III (F = 151 %) и 30 % для компоновки IV (F = 147 %).

The low-sensitivity high-energy substance 1-methyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (1Me-3H), synthesized at the IPCET SB RAS, is considered as a promising additive capable of increasing the explosion force of nanotermitic compositions. The paper presents the results of a study of the explosion force (F) of the nanothermic composition CuO / Al / 1Me-3H, depending on the content of 1Me-3H. A number of compositions of various prescription configurations were investigated: I - the ratio of the components of the ternary mixture CuO/Al/1Me-3H corresponded to the maximum calculated heat of explosion of the composition (Q) at a given content of 1Me-3H; II - the ratio of the components of the ternary mixture corresponded to the maximum calculated value of the pressure (P) developed during the combustion of the composition in a closed volume; III — the ratio of the components of the base nanothermite pair CuO/Al (79/21 %), corresponding to the maximum calculated value of Q, remained constant in the ternary mixture; IV - the ratio of the components of the base nanothermite pair CuO / Al (76/24 %), corresponding to the maximum calculated value of P, remained constant in the ternary mixture. For all types of prescription configurations, an extreme nature of the dependence of the force explosion on the content of 1Me-3H was revealed, while the maximum values of F are observed at an additive content of 5% for configuration I (F = 107%), 10% for configuration II (F = 128%), 25% for configuration III (F = 151%) and 30% for configuration IV (F = 147%).
Новейший способ обмена метриками
Authors: Хомяков И.А.
Published: November 2021

Сбор метрик программного обеспечения является фундаментальной деятельностью, которая необходима для проведния практически любого эмпирического исследования в области программной инженерии. Однако, даже при наличии широкого спектра инструментов, сбор таких фундаментальных данных по-прежнему занимает много времени. Более того, каждый исследователь собирает практически одни и те же данные (например, метрики CK, цикломатическая сложность МакКейба и т.д.) из практически одних и тех же проектов (например, из известных проектов с открытым исходным кодом). Объем такой дублирующей работы, выполняемой в сообществе, уменьшает усилия, которые исследователи могут потратить на наиболее ценную часть своих исследований, такую как разработка новых теорий и моделей и их эмпирическая оценка. В данной работе предлагается новый подход для сбора и обмена данными метрик программного обеспечения, позволяющий сотрудничать исследователям и сократить количество напрасных усилий в сообществе разработчиков программного обеспечения. Мы стремимся достичь этой цели, предлагая Формат обмена программными метриками (SMEF)и REST API для сбора, хранения и обмена данными метрик программного обеспечения.

In almost every empirical software engineering study, software metrics collection is a fundamental activity. Although many tools exist to collect this data, it still takes a considerable amount of time. In addition, almost all researchers collect essentially the same data (e.g., CK metrics, McCabe Cyclomatic Complexity, etc.) from essentially the same sources (e.g., well-known open-source projects).Having so much duplication of work done within a community reduces the amount of time that researchers can spend developing new ideas and evaluating them empirically, which is the most valuable part of their research. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for getting and sharing software metrics data that will allow them to collaborate and reduce the amount of wasted effort. SMEF, a file format for exchanging software metrics information, and a REST API, targeted at this objective, are proposed in this paper.
Синтез динитрамидной соли 1-амино-1,2,3-триазола
Authors: Глухачева В.С. , Ильясов С.Г.
Published: November 2021

Показано, что динитразовая кислота легко взаимодействует с 1-амино-1,2,3-триазолом с количественным выходом образуя соответствующую высокоэнергетическую ионную соль. В ходе процесса солеобразования используется более безопасный и доступный растворитель, чем описано в литературе для ионных солей динитразота на основе различных триазолов.

It was shown that dinitratic acid easily interacts with 1-amino-1,2,3-triazole in quantitative yield to form the corresponding high-energy ionic salt. During the salt formation process, a safer and more affordable solvent is used than described in the literature for dinitrazot ionic salts based on various triazoles.
Academician A.E.Fersman scientific readings. History. Chronology.
Authors: Павлова Т.М.
Published: November 2021

Дана хронология проведения научных чтений имени академика А.Е. Ферсмана. Представлены авторы научных докладов и тематика последних, а также время и место проведения чтений.
Updated Prediction of Aggregators and Assay Interfering Substructures in Food Compounds
Authors: Sanchez-Ruiz Andres , Colmenarejo Gonzalo
Published: November 2021

Positive outcomes in biochemical and biological assays of food compounds may appear due to the well-described capacity of some compounds to form colloidal aggregates that adsorb proteins, resulting in their denaturation and loss of function. This phenomenon can lead to wrongly ascribing mechanisms of biological action for these compounds (false positives), as the effect is non-specific and promiscuous. Similar false positives can show up due to chemical (photo)reactivity, redox cycling, metal chelation, interferences with the assay technology, membrane disruption, etc., which are more frequently observed when the tested molecule has some definite interfering substructures. Although discarding false positives can be achieved experimentally, it would be very useful to have in advance a prognostic value for possible aggregation and/or interference, based only in the chemical structure of the compound tested, in order to be aware of possible issues, help in prioritization of compounds to test, design of appropriate assays, etc. Previously, we applied cheminformatic tools derived from the drug discovery field to identify putative aggregators and interfering substructures in a database of food compounds, the FooDB, comprising 26457 molecules at that time. Here we provide an updated account of that analysis based on a current, much-expanded version of the FooDB, comprising a total of 70855 compounds. In addition, we also apply a novel machine learning model (the SCAM Detective) to predict aggregators with 46%-53% increased accuracies over previous models. In this way, we expect to provide the researchers in the mode of action of food compounds with a much improved, robust, and widened set of putative aggregators and interfering substructures of food compounds.
Single Level Tunneling Model for Molecular Junctions: Evaluating the Simulation Methods
Authors: Martine Esther , Song Xianneng , Yu Xi , Hu Wenping
Published: November 2021

Single level tunneling model has been the most popular model system in both the experimental and theoretical study of molecular junctions. We performed a detailed simulation study on the performance of the single level tunneling model in analyzing the charge transport mechanism of molecular junctions. Three different modeling methods, including the numerical integration of the Landauer formula and two approximated analytical formulas that are extensively used for extracting key transport parameters from current–voltage (I-V) characteristics, i.e. the energy offset and the coupling between molecule and electrode, were compared and evaluated for their applicability. The simulation of I-V plots shows that the applicability of the two approximated analytical models is energy offset and coupling strength dependent. Model fitting based on the three methods performed on experimental data attained from representative literature papers revealed that the two approximated analytical methods are neither suitable for the situation of small coupling strength and low energy offset, and they also deviated from the exact results at high bias. We finally provided a phase map of the applicability of different modeling methods as a guide for their proper usage in charge transport study in molecular devices.
Expanding the scope of prenylated 1,2,3-triazoles as new antiparasitic drug candidates
Authors: Carlucci Renzo , Di Gresia Gabriel , Tekwani Babu , Khan Shabana , Labadie Guillermo
Published: November 2021

We have previously shown that prenyl and aliphatic triazoles are interesting motifs to prepare new chemical entities for antiparasitic and antituberculosis drug development. In this opportunity a new series of prenyl-1,2,3-triazoles were prepared from isoprenyl azides and different alkynes looking for new antimalarial drug candidates. The compounds were prepared by copper(I) catalyzed dipolar cycloaddition of the isoprenyl azide equilibrium mixture providing exclusively 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazols in a regiospecific fashion. The complete collection of 64 compounds was tested on chloroquine -sensitive, Sierra Leone (D6), and the chloroquine-resistant, Indochina (W2), strains of Plasmodium falciparum and those compounds which were not previously reported were also tested against Leishmania donovani , the causative agent for visceral leishmaniasis. Thirteen analogs displayed antimalarial activity with IC50 below 10 uM, while the antileishmanial activity was less potent than the previously reported analogs. The cytotoxicity assay against Vero cells revealed that none of the compounds was cytotoxic up to concentrations of 4.75 ug/mL. Compounds 1o and 1r were identified as the most promising antimalarial drug leads with IC50 below 3.0 uM for both CQ-sensitive and resistant P. falciparum strains. Finally, a chemoinformatic in silico analysis was performed to evaluate physicochemical parameters, cytotoxicity risk and drug score. The validation of a bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase PfFPPS/GGPPS as the potential target of the antimalarial activity of selected analogs should be further investigated.
Сomparative analysis of economic efficiency application of milling excavator working equipment for pipeline undermining
Authors: Kuznetsov I. S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The use of pipeline transport for the movement of hydrocarbons and petroleum products is the main strategic system of Russia with a huge volume of cargo turnover. The share of pipeline transport in the freight turnover of the Russian transport system is over 48 %. Maintenance of the pipeline system is impossible without the use of mechanization and special equipment. So, to restore its working condition, various options for sets of machines are used.Implementation of the methodology. As a result of the research carried out, a set of machines was selected for performing the technological operations of the overhaul of a section of the steel main pipeline. The main technical and economic indicators are calculated, taking into account the efficiency and expediency of using a set of machines.Results. The economic efficiency of a set of machines, including a hydraulic excavator with a developed milling working equipment, the novelty of which is confirmed by patents for a useful model of the Russian Federation, has been determined.Discussion and conclusions. The directions of further research are the calculation and substantiation of the necessary operating parameters for the introduction into operation of the milling working equipment of a hydraulic excavator.
The authors would like to thank the staff of the Organisation of Transportation and Transport Management Department
Authors: Trofimov B. S. , Trofimova I. S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The article is devoted to the lorries work planning, the operational characteristics of which will make it possible to transport loads of different properties due to changes in the design of these vehicles. The purpose of the study is to develop a new scientific and methodological approach for planning the operation of trucks, which allows taking into account the compliance of a) the controlled parameters of the vehicle with the required values when making changes to the design, b) the planned volume of technical impacts to the required volume for the periods of operation of vehicles in certain conditions, c) the volume transportation in the contract for the planned production of vehicles for the transportation of various types of goods.Materials and methods. To plan the work of a lorry, taking into account changes in its design, it is required to use improved methods for optimizing the planning of the work of a freight motor transport enterprise, which is the relationship of activities for the transportation of goods, maintenance and current repair. The basis of the presented materials and methods is the scientific work of domestic and foreign scientists on the operation of cars with changes in its design; the main provisions of the Federal Laws in terms of permits for the operation of vehicles. The methodological basis of theoretical and experimental research is system analysis and logical analysis.Results. The authors have developed a scientific and methodological approach to planning the operation of a lorry, taking into account changes in its design to fulfill the terms of contracts and make a profit for the trucking company.Discussion and conclusions. The implementation and testing of the scientific and methodological approach were carried out according to the algorithm of the developed methodology in the operating conditions of a motor transport enterprise in the city of Omsk. A procedure was carried out to obtain a certificate from the traffic police after changes were made to the design of the KamAZ-53212 vehicle in order to operate it as a dump truck, and a calculation of costs and profits was made to fulfill the terms of contracts for the transportation of various types of goods.
Development of a simulation model of the heating process in the passenger cabin of a vehicle under low temperature conditions
Authors: Aleshkov D. A. , Banket M. V. , Sukovin M. V.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. A distinctive feature of working conditions in the Arctic territories is the long period of exposure to low temperatures. Passenger transportation by road is becoming one of the key aspects of ensuring the continuity of the production process. The task of delivering workers to the place of work, moving them between work zones during a work shift is solved by using wheeled vehicles of various categories. One of the most widespread types of wheeled vehicles used to transport workers is the M3 category wheeled vehicles with a capacity of no more than 22 passengers. Ensuring the thermal comfort of vehicle passengers seems to be relevant, since ensuring biophysical compatibility minimizes the risks of cold injury by workers and maintains a high level of performance.Materials and methods. The results of the analysis of the Russian and foreign studies in the direction of ensuring thermal comfort and ensuring biophysical compatibility in confined spaces are presented. The results of computer modelling of the dynamics of microclimate parameters in the passenger cabin of a wheeled vehicle of M3 category with a capacity of no more than 22 passengers are presented.Results. The paper presents the results of theoretical studies, microclimate parameters in the passenger compartment of vehicles, taking into account the breathing of passengers and changes in the gas composition of exhaled air. Theoretical studies of the operation of the heating system of the passenger compartment were carried out, taking into account the refined breathing model of passengers. Distributions of microclimate parameters in the section of the passengercompartment were obtained when using a heating system with one heater; the impact of passengers’ breathing on the parameters of the microclimate in the passenger compartment was assessed.Discussion and conclusion. Based on the numerical solution of the system of heat transfer equations, directions for further research and recommendations are formulated to ensure thermal comfort in the passenger compartment of a wheeled vehicle at low temperatures. The materials of the work may be of interest to specialists involved in the design and ergonomics of wheeled vehicles, labor protection.
Use of sewage sludge in concrete industry
Authors: Chulkova I. L. , Smirnova O. E. , Krasova A. V.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The article deals with the actual problem of disposal of industrial waste (sewage sludge). According to the literature data, possible directions of the use of sewage sludge in the production of building materials are identified and considered. Special attention is paid to the proposed variant of systematization of materials, which is based on the dependence of the aggregate state of the sediment on the type of building material. It is proposed to use sewage sludge as a complex additive to improve rheological properties at all stages of heavy concrete hardening.Methods and materials. Studies of the basic properties of raw materials and concrete based on them were determined using standard methods and the requirements of national standards. The material and chemical composition of the sediments, their physical and mechanical characteristics were determined on the basis of the laboratory of the plant of chemical concentrates (Novosibirsk).Results. As a result of the experimental work, the optimal percentage of sewage sludge in the composition of heavy concrete was determined, as well as the ratio of the chemical modifying additive, the optimal composition of concrete was investigated.Conclusion. As a result of the experimental work, the influence of the introduction of sewage sludge modified with plasticizing additives into the concrete composition was established. It has been established that sewage sludge is advisable to use in heavy concrete as a corrective additive without reducing the strength characteristics. In further studies, it is planned to solve the problems of structure formation and study of the interface between the phases of sewage sludge in the composition of concrete; to investigate the relationship between the chemical composition of precipitation and the physical and mechanical properties of a building material.
Informing Anti-Racism Health Policy in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Talamaivao Natalie , Baker Gabrielle , Harris Ricci , Cormack Donna , Paine Sarah-Jane
Published: November 2021

Racism is firmly established as a determinant of health and an underlying cause of ethnic health inequities. As an organised system, racism operates at multiple levels (including structurally and interpersonally). Racism and its many manifestations are breaches of international human rights obligations and, in the Aotearoa New Zealand context, te Tiriti o Waitangi. This article considers approaches to anti-racism in health and disability policy in the 30 years following the foundational publication Pūao-te-Ata-Tū (Ministerial Advisory Committee on a Māori Perspective for the Department of Social Welfare, 1988), which was one of the first government publications to name and call out the harmful impacts of institutional racism. The article then examines the ways in which government health and disability sector organisations have talked about and responded to racism at a national level since 1980. The results of this research urge a stronger organisational-level approach to antiracism in the health and disability system for more tangible results, requiring multi-level solutions, and transforming what is considered ‘business as usual’ in health and disability sector institutions.
Resetting Benefits: Benchmarks for adequate minimum incomes
Authors: Waite Greg
Published: November 2021

New Zealand’s successful management of the Covid-19 pandemic has emphasised the value of evidence-based policy. Government policy on income support payments is also changing significantly in response to the Welfare Expert Advisory Group’s 2019 report. This article examines the report’s recommendations in the context of international and local research, considers whether benefit increases in the 2021 Budget deliver on those recommendations, and discusses the impact of high housing costs on welfare reform options.
Six ways to help fix energy hardship in New Zealand
Authors: O’Sullivan Kimberley , Viggers Helen
Published: November 2021

Energy hardship is caused by the interaction of factors including housing quality, appliance efficiency, energy source and price, and occupant needs and income. Multiple policy approaches are needed to address these varied causes of energy hardship, and the lack of an official definition and a measurement strategy in Aotearoa should not preclude policy action to address this critical social determinant of health. Here we outline six ways to help fix energy hardship in New Zealand.
Emantzipazioaren aldeko bortxaren ikerketa
Authors: Rodriguez Bornaetxea Fito
Published: November 2021

Euskal idazlea eta Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko irakaslea eta ikerlaria Politika-arloan bortxari buruz Jose Azurmendik eskainitako gogamen filosofikoa (Demokratak eta biolentoak, 1997; Oraingo gazte eroak, 1998; La violencia y la busqueda de nuevos valores, 2001; Barkamena, Kondena, Tortura, 2012) testu bat du oinarritzat: Gizaberearen bakeak eta gerrak, 1991. Aipatu liburuaren ardatzetariko bat etologian datza eta, zehazkiago, K. Lorenzen irakurketan. Hori dela eta, Azurmendiren pentsamendu politikoa, etikaz eta antropologiaz harago, gizakia ulertzeko egun irekitzen ari den bide berri baten (Wrangham, 2019) aitzindaria dela esan eta froga dezakegu.
HUHEZIko (MU) Lehen Hezkuntzako Graduko ikasleen hizkuntza- eta kultura-identitatea
Authors: Irizar Mezo Asier , Ramirez de Okariz Telleria Iñigo
Published: November 2021

Ingurune urruti zein hurbilean gertatzen ari diren aldaketa sozioekonomiko nahiz kulturalek eragin zuzena dute gure hizkuntza- eta kultura-identitatean. MU-HUHEZIra datozen ikasle etorri berrien euskararen erabilerari eta euskal kulturaren pertzepzioari jarri diegu arreta, ikasle berrien profil horietan sumatzen diren aldaketen arrazoiak identifikatzeko. Helburu horrekin diseinatu zen lau urteko proiektuan, ikasleek EOSKOLA liburua irakurri behar izan zuten 2017-2018 ikasturtean; ondoren, elkarrizketa bat izan zuten egilearekin, eta, azkenik, galdetegi bati erantzun behar izan zioten. Egindako lanketatik ateratako emaitzek adierazi digute ikasleen hizkuntza-erabilera zein kultura-pertzepzioa askotarikoak direla, eta horri erantzuteko hizkuntza-konpetentziaren zein curriculumaren berrikuspena egitea —euskal dimentsioari arreta gehiago jarriz— beharrezkoa dela.
Arabako euskalgintza ekaitzaren barruan (1939-1975)
Authors: Martinez Larrea Jon
Published: November 2021

Artikulu honen xedea Arabako euskalgintzaren bilakaera frankismoan azaltzea da. Lehenik eta behin, ulertu behar dugu euskalgintza kontzeptu zabala dela, eta artikulu honetan helduen euskalduntzean, ikastoletan eta kulturgintzan zentratuko gara. Testuingurua dramatikoa zen Araban, mendeetako gainbeheraz gainera, frankismoaren errepresioaren erruz hizkuntza hilzorian zegoen. Egoera kezkagarri horretan, hainbat pertsona hasi ziren lanean euskararen berreskurapenaren aldeko hainbat arlotan, lehenik ilunpean eta denbora joan ahala argitasunean. Horrela, 1970eko hamarkadan jauzi bat eman zuen, helduen euskalduntzea eta ikastolak formalizatu ziren, eta kulturgintza zabaldu zen. Arabako euskalgintzak berezitasun batzuk eduki arren, Euskal Herriko marko orokorraren barruan koka dezakegu, garapena berbera izan zen eta gure herrialdean ere nabaritu ziren euskal munduan gertatutako tentsioak, adibide ezagunena euskararen batasunaren inguruko eztabaida izan zen. Oro har, ertz ugariko borroka izan zen, bertan politika edo erlijioa nahastu zirela eta. Oro har, esan dezakegu orduan hasi zela Araban euskara biziberritzeko bidea.
Hominidoen (homo eta mulier) fakultate mentalak eta produktuak Euskal Herrian
Authors: Apalategi Begiristain Jokin
Published: November 2021

Gure egungo gogoetan unibertsoa dugu azken zola. Mundu osoa, existitzen den oro, alegia. Hala ere, hori guztia ezagutzetik arras urrun gaudenez «zientzia» arloan, gaurko gure gogoetan Euskal Herriko hominidoen prehistoriaz dakiguna gogoratuz kritikoki adierazten saiatzea dugu helburu. Euskal Herrian bizi izandako espezie hominidoen arteko harremanez XX. mendean adierazi izan zaigunaz arituko gara, Ataungo herrira so. Horretarako, hominidoen arteko harremanez adieraziak izan diren errepresentazio sozialak erabiliko ditugu. Hasteko, etnografoen lana, ondotik etnologoetara igaroaz lehenek jasotako ahozko produktuak, arte plastikozkoak eta idatzizkoak izan ditugu esku artean. Eta lan hau burutzeko antropologoetara heltzen gara. Gainera, gaur egun lekuan lekuko zientzietan ezinbestekoak diren soziologoak, psikologoak eta historiagileak ere presente edukiko ditugu eginkizun honetan.
TRAFFIC FLOWS MODELING WITH INACCESSIBLE FOR DRIVING ROAD SECTIONS
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Zhukova Anastasiya N. , Shapovalova Marina S. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: November 2021

Computerized traffic modeling makes it possible to find out the modification needs to assess the traffic flow on the roads and detect likely problem areas in order to take timely measures to eliminate them. Competent preparation of a road network formation plan based on the acquired information makes it possible to reduce the load on the road transport line, avoid traffic jams, and also reduce the average time spent by drivers on the roads. The macroscopic and microscopic models of the cars flow were analyzed by authors to implement the computer model. The article considered the model of the cellular automata by Nagel–Schreckenberg, with the author’s addition that takes into account the presence of the road sections inaccessible for driving in. The need to modify the lane change algorithm was implemented: the condition of the need to change the lane when car is meeting an inaccessible road section was added. And also the “polite” drivers algorithm for bypassing inaccessible areas with a high density of the traffic flows was proposed. Such a model is realized on Python programming language. An analysis of vehicles behavior with different traffic density and location of inaccessible road sections for two- and three-lane roads was carried out based on that model modification.