bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific Features of Key Performance Indicators Usage by Enterprises of Retail Trade Networks
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Bandurin Alexander V. , Ermakova Darya R. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

The article examines the main features of the creation and implementation of the system of key performance indicators in enterprises that are part of large retail trade networks. Priority problems of their application in the daily activities of the stores are identified. A generalized classification of indicators is given, their most common types used in the field of trade are characterized: conversion, sales plan, average receipt, average number of units in the receipt, hourly efficiency coefficient, percentage of return, customer satisfaction. Based on the spe-cifics of retail trade as a field of activity, the possibilities of evaluating the most important indicator of efficiency – customer loyalty for various categories of customers are shown. The analysis of the personnel structure of one of the trading enterprises is carried out. Considered the system of bonuses for categories of different em-ployees. Formed a system to assess the index of customer happiness and gave a scheme for its calculation, which is weighted by importance the sum of the main estimates of satisfaction. The dependence of the bonus coefficient of various categories of employees on the value of the customer happiness index for different cate-gories of employees is shown. Proposals for improving the use of key performance indicators to stimulate em-ployees of retailers have been developed.
Evaluation of Socio-Cultural Adaptation Determinants for International Students in Higher Education Institutions of Kursk Region
Authors:   Kursk Academy of State and Municipal Service, Boev Evgeny I. , Kameneva Tatyana N. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation,   State University of Management, Nadutkina Irina E. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Belikh Tatyana V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: September 2023

The article introduces the results of a study conducted by the Expert Analytical Center of the Kursk Academy of State and Municipal Service. The general respondents of this study were foreign students studying in higher education institutions of Kursk region, with a total number of more than 4,000 people. The sample population of respondents in 2022 was of 350 people, with a 95 % confidence interval for the survey (margin of error ±5 %). The sample was formed from the number of individuals studying in 2 major Kursk universities, the share of foreigners in which makes up the majority of the general population: Southwest State University, Kursk State Medical University. Non-repeat random quota sampling was carried out according to such socio-demographic characteristics as gender, age, year of study, field of study. Representative sociological survey of foreign citi-zens studying in higher education institutions of Kursk region over the age of 18 was used as the main quantita-tive method of research via personal formalised face-to-face interview at the respondent's place of residence using paper questionnaires (PAPI method).
Potential for Regional Creative Economy Development and Employment of Population
Authors:   Institute for Socio-Economic Research, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Saifullina Larisa D. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: September 2023

The article reflects the results of a comprehensive analysis of the development indicators of the Russian mar-ket of creative industries, assesses the state of creative industries in the regional context. Global and Russian trends in the development of creative economy, as well as the characteristics of cultural and creative sectors of the Republic of Bashkortostan economy and their place among the regions of the Volga Federal District are considered. The trends and potential of creative industries development on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan are revealed, the staffing of this segment of the region’s economy and the directions of its sup-port and development are determined. Taking into account the role and potential of regional creative industries, particularly in the context of the developing market, the author states the importance of attracting the attention of experts to the development of this part of the economy in order to realize the high potential of territories as centers of attraction.
Application of Ethical Standards in the Legal Regulation of the Work of Medical Workers
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Adrianovskaya Tatyana L.
Published: September 2023

Based on the analysis of current legislation and judicial practice the article considers the problems of applica-tion of ethical norms in the legal regulation of medical workers. The author distinguishes general and medical ethics, considering the latter in detail. The article analyzes the relationship between deontology and medical deontology as a ratio of general and particular, and also draws attention to the multiplicity of normative legal sources in which the obligation of medical workers to comply with the norms of professional ethics is estab-lished. Examples from judicial practice are given. The author argues that it is advisable to create regulatory complexes as a combination of substantively related legal and ethical norms, as well as amendments to Art. 350 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation regarding the non-disclosure of medical confidentiality, which appears to be a key element of medical ethical behavior.
Strategic Directions of Countering Corruption-Related Crimes Committed in the Education System
Authors:   North Caucasus Institute (branch) of the All-Russian State University of Justice (RLA of the Ministry  of Justice of Russia), Akhmedkhanova Samira T.
Published: September 2023

Despite the measures taken to counteract corruption-related crimes, there is a positive trend in the activities of law enforcement agencies to identify, disclose, prosecute and prevent corruption as a negative social phenom-enon – the education system remains the most corrupt area. This type of criminal encroachments poses a threat to national security, sovereignty, democratic development, social justice, equality of rights of all citizens to receive free public education. Difficulties arising in the process of countering corruption-related crimes that hinder the successful implementation of preventive measures are due to the presence of selfish mutual inter-ests, both among students and employees of educational structures. The methodological basis of the research was private-scientific research methods: logical-legal, statistical and system analysis methods. The causal rea-son for the current situation is the insufficient effectiveness of control by law enforcement agencies, the low level of activity on the part of public associations, the imperfection of the system of protection of persons who have declared the facts of the existence of circumstances of conflicts of interest. Corruption crime in the educa-tion system is systemic and hidden. Corruption-related ties have been forming for a long time and include a wide range of participants both inside and outside the educational structure.
Video Game Media Rhetoric: Levels and Characteristics
Authors:   Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, Tarasov Alexey N. , Belyaev Dmitry A. ,   Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky
Published: September 2023

The paper aims to identify the specifics of the representation of video-game media rhetoric in the modern so-cio-cultural space. This problem is analyzed from the standpoint of the sociology of culture. In the course of the research, along with general scientific methods, the methodology of sociological and linguistic knowledge was used. It is emphasized that the specific feature of video-game space is dynamism, which is peculiarly reflected in the speech practice of gamers, causing the desire to simplify it. Three groups of videogame terminology, ranked by the degree of prevalence of the corresponding words, terms and turns in the gamer environment, are identified: local, global and hyper-level. There is a large number of anglicisms in video game media rhetoric, the reasons for this are identified and analyzed. The authors define, analyze and give concrete examples of word formation methods within the framework of video-game media rhetoric – transcription, transliteration, calcification, semi-calcification. It is also shown on the basis of which principles the speech interaction between gamers is carried out.
Transformation of the Criminal Process for the Implementation of the Concept of Trust
Authors:   State Academic University for the Humanities, Shaidullina Venera K. , Kyrlan Marcel G. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the problem of the application of criminal sanctions to business entities. The author notes the need in modern business for existing mechanisms to get out of punitive situations within the framework of unjustified criminal prosecution. The statistics of acquittals is considered, on the basis of which the tendency of judicial practice – accusatory bias – is determined. It is deemed that currently there are high rates of satisfaction of investigators’ petitions for detention in custody. In this regard, the author raises the problem of insufficient protection of the freedoms and rights of the accused. Review of the current law enforcement practice shows that judges often duplicate the conviction, not taking into account the arguments of the defendant and the de-fense. In order to reduce the criminal law risks of doing business, the article offers a list of measures aimed at eliminating the accusatory bias and the transition to a mutually beneficial relationship of trust in terms of securi-ty.
Legal Mechanisms (Means) of Countering Unfair Competition
Authors:   Russian State Academy of Intellectual Property (RSAIP), Tagibov Kazbek A.
Published: September 2023

The main subject of the article is unfair competition, which threatens not only bona fide business entities, but also their work in general, which undermines their business activity, reduces the quality of goods, works and services on the market. This phenomenon remains a problem for most economic actors. Actions leading to reputational and financial damage are always oriented against a certain competitor. The consequences of vio-lations of generally accepted rules and norms of doing business are reflected in a particular commodity mar-ket, but do not achieve the main goal of removing the issue of competitive struggle from the agenda. Despite the active activity of the Federal Antimonopoly Service, unfair competition remains a common problem. The article considers the problem of counteracting unfair competition; the concept, types and peculiarities of this phenomenon are represented; the main civil law mechanisms (means) of its counteraction are described. As a result of the conducted research, several practically significant conclusions are formulated, focused on leveling the manifestations of unfair competition in the competitive environment of entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation.
Information as a Value Factor in Child Development: Role of Family Functionality in Presenting Information
Authors:   Osh State University, Ismanova Nurlan A. , Abylkasymova Asel O. ,   Osh State University
Published: September 2023

This article highlights issues related to the socialization of the individual in the information environment, the activation of cognitive processes of the human psyche (imagination, thinking, speech, memory, etc.), which contribute to the productive perception of the subject of information in the context of the formation of moral qualities and ensuring the stability of the individual in the crisis conditions of society. The scientific concepts and methodologies that determine the functions of information in the formation of a new type of society are highlighted. The role of adult potential and family functionality in effective transfer of gender, ethnic, economic, spiritual, demographic information to children for the purpose of formation of identity of different levels, devel-opment of social needs of the individual is noted. The social significance of the development of emotional con-sciousness in the formation of personality is highlighted. The causes of family dysfunctionality in modern so-ciety are analyzed. Recommendations are given on preparation of parents to fulfill family functions, because the quality of information transfer by adults contributes to the effective development of individual functions of the child, his successful integration into society. The necessity of increasing the attention of society to the solu-tion of these issues is noted.
Gender Dimensions of Political Activity in the Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors:   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Mikhailova Anna V. , Popova Lyudmila N. ,   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Maksimova Maria A. ,   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: September 2023

The article examines the gender specifics of political activity in one of the regions of the Russian Federation. It details the representation of women in politics, highlights the challenges and obstacles they face with active participation in decision-making processes. The authors analyze statistics and research findings, presenting a comprehensive overview of the current state of gender equality in politics in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). They discuss factors that impede women’s participation in political activities, such as social expectations, gen-der stereotypes, and limited access to resources and support networks. In addition, the article provides valuable information on the gender dynamics of political activity in the region. The experience of women who have been successful in breaking gender barriers and achieving political success is presented. It highlights the strategies and initiatives used by these pioneers to promote gender equality and encourage more women to participate in politics. In general, this article provides valuable information on the gender dynamics of political activity in the region of the Russian Federation. It sheds light on the systemic challenges women face in their political activi-ties and offers recommendations to promote greater gender equality and representation in politics.
Methodology for Developing an Organization’s Business Model and Forecasting its Economic Efficiency
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Entrepreneurship of N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgo-rod, Plehova Yulia O. , Kolyada Andrey A. ,   EMAS Business School,   Institute of Economics and Entrepreneurship of N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgo-rod
Published: September 2023

The article presents a methodology for developing and forecasting the economic efficiency of the organiza-tion’s business model on the basis of quantitative economic indicators. This methodology includes a set of in-terrelated tools and makes it possible to forecast the economic results obtained by the organization in a given market in comparison with the results of competing organizations. The methodology is universal, flexible and can be adapted to solve highly specialized tasks specific to a particular market. Besides, the methodology has been tested as part of EMAS Business School’s educational and consulting projects in the Russian and foreign markets. Based on the comparative analysis of such quantitative economic indicators of the analyzed and competing organizations as revenue, sales volume, gross and net profit, sales margin on direct costs, shares in the market volume in value and in physical terms, the approach to assessing the effectiveness of the business model and individual decisions in the field of business modeling is proposed. This approach allows to obtain a complex picture of the market situation in the evaluated period. In addition to business modeling, the method-ology can be used to forecast the economic efficiency of decisions in the field of organizational corporate strat-egy.
Differentiation and Individualization of Criminal Liability and Punishment of Accomplices to a Crime
Authors:   University of Tyumen, Ivanova Liliya V. , Shesler Aleksandr V. ,   Kuzbass Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service
Published: September 2023

When a crime is jointly committed by several persons, the limits of criminal liability of accomplices of the crime are determined by the differentiation of responsibility and punishment enshrined in the criminal law and the individualization carried out by the court. Differentiation of criminal liability and punishment of accomplices is manifested through the constructive features of the corpus delicti, as well as through qualified corpus delicti. Moreover, the same feature can have different criminal law significance. It is justified that the signs of corpus delicti that form a new sanction determine the nature of the public danger of the crime and reflect the differen-tiation of responsibility and punishment. Other circumstances of committing a crime constitute the degree of public danger and affect the individualization of responsibility and punishment. The more complete and clear the criminal law norms are, the less judicial discretion in choosing the measure of punishment in a particular case. Controversial legislative provisions enshrining criminal liability of accomplices to a crime are presented.
Personality Characteristics of the Criminal Corruption Offender in the Educational System
Authors:   North Caucasus Institute (branch) of the All-Russian State University of Justice (RLA of the Ministry  of Justice of Russia), Akhmedkhanova Samira T.
Published: September 2023

Criminal acts have been committed throughout the history of all mankind and will continue to be committed in the future. Corruption crime is a complex and multifaceted process that generates negative trends in a develop-ing society. Its dynamics serves as evidence indicating the necessity to conduct research in this area. There is an upward trend in the number of corruption-related crimes since 2020. The majority of acts committed due to bribery are registered. The turnover of corrupt cash in domestic education is about $ 5.5 billion annually, which is comparable to the budget of a small state. In this study, the authors will examine the personal characteristics of the criminal corruption offender in the educational system depending on his official duties, compile his crim-inological portrait on the basis of socio-demographic characteristics, and identify specific features of the typol-ogy of the offender’s personality.
The Effectiveness of Interrogation Techniques of Emotional Impact and Establishing Empathy via Videoconferencing in Russia
Authors:   Kuban State University, Bondarenko Yuri A. , Balugina Tatiana S. ,   Kuban State University
Published: September 2023

In the article, the authors give a critical assessment of the procedure for conducting an interrogation using video conferencing systems at the preliminary investigation. The results of the study revealed a gap in the law in de-fining situations in which it is appropriate to conduct interrogation using videoconferencing. The author’s pro-posals have been made to solve this problem by the investigators. The authors expressed the idea that it is necessary for the investigator to have an additional communication channel with persons who ensure the op-eration of video conferencing systems, and who take away a liability subscription and other materials from the interrogated person at his location. The methods of establishing remote empathy with the interrogated person are proposed by analogy with the methods of involving students in the distance learning format. The main tacti-cal techniques of emotional impact on the interrogated person and the effectiveness of their application by the investigator along with the use of videoconferencing systems are considered.
E-learning Resources Concept and Types: Federal and Local Regulation
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Kuptsova Olga V.
Published: September 2023

The article presents a legal analysis of e-learning resources, their concepts, features and types. The results of the study are reflected in the relevant part of local normative legal acts of higher educational institutions regu-lating e-learning and distance education technologies or directly e-learning resources. On the basis of dialecti-cal, logical, systemic, as well as comparative-legal and formal-legal methods of research, the signs are re-vealed and the definition of e-learning resources is formulated, the local normative-legal regulation of their typology is analyzed, the expediency of integrated use of different types of e-learning resources in the educa-tional process is noted. As a result, proposals were made to unify the concept of the analyzed phenomenon, to consolidate a unified typology of electronic educational resources, to make necessary additions to the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”.
Japan’s Experience in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space: National and International Legal Aspects
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs  of the Russian Federation (MGIMO), Muntyan Marina E. , Sigauri-Gorsky Egor R. ,   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs  of the Russian Federation (MGIMO)
Published: September 2023

Considering Japan’s experience in the exploration and use of outer space, the authors stress out that Japanese legislation on space activities is characterized by the presence of a number of normative legal acts, which is due to the rapid development of space technologies at the national level, as well as changes in state legal poli-cy in this area in recent decades. It is emphasized that, despite the long-standing suborbital flight programs of private operators, the Japanese legislator has not included them in the scope of national legislation on space activities. Reference is made to the fact that Japanese law provides for mandatory financial coverage of risks associated with the participation of private individuals in space activities. This requirement is particularly rele-vant in view of the dangers associated with the use of constellations of satellites, as well as small satellites and nanosatellites, which, with their rather limited external control capability, may cause collisions and disrupt the safety of space traffic. In conclusion, Japan’s leading role in regional space forums and in shaping the modern international legal concept of the exploration and use of outer space is emphasized.
The Concept of Economic Growth by Oded Galor and the Marxist Theory of Social Development: Experience in Comparative Analysis
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Chen Chunxiao
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the evolutionary concept of economic growth of Oded Galor, identifies its strengths and limitations. A comparative analysis of this concept and the Marxist theory of social development is carried out. The comparability of these theoretical constructions is postulated due to the similarity of their main research issues and the distinguished periods of human history that are being analyzed. It is emphasized that the differ-ences between the concepts under consideration consist in the methodological approach to the subject of study, the assessment of social development from different positions and taking into account the action of vari-ous factors. The article concludes that Oded Galor's evolutionary concept of economic growth and the Marxist theory of social development turn out to be complementary theoretical constructs, aggregate accounting of the results of which makes it possible to create a comprehensive view of the economic evolution of human society.
Athlete branding Edgar Xavier Marvelo as an Indonesian wushu athlete on Instagram
Authors: Christiani Monica , Hafiar Hanny , Anisa Renata
Published: September 2023

The popularity of the sports world expanded athletes’ role experience, where athletes who were previously only doing sports things developed into public figures and were involved in social and business activities. The expansion of this role puts athletes into the public spotlight, which makes them need to have credibility. Therefore, athlete branding is important to be developed to form a good image and can attract the public and get opportunities for collaboration. Edgar Xavier Marvelo, an Indonesian national wushu athlete with worldwide achievements, has carried out athlete branding activities on Instagram. This study uses the model of athlete brand image from Akiko Arai, Yong Jae Ko, and Stephen Ross to know the athletic performance, attractive appearance, and marketable lifestyle of Edgar Xavier Marvelo’s athlete branding as an Indonesian wushu athlete on Instagram. This qualitative descriptive study uses data collection techniques through observation, interviews, literature study, and online searches. This study shows that Edgar Xavier Marvelo has carried out athlete branding activities on Instagram according to the dimensions of the Model of the Athlete Brand Image. However, its athletic performance, attractive appearance, and marketable lifestyle have not been implemented consistently. Suggestions from this research, he can upload his wushu skills and competition style. Symbols also need to be formed and uploaded more about physical attractiveness and body fitness. Uploads about social life also need to be added to show the role model side. He needs to upload consistently, strategize content, and learn the Instagram algorithm to increase engagement.
Escandalosos, ebrios, malos y pendencieros. Militares, milicianos y guardas que deshonran su institución, ciudad de México (1822-1860)
Authors: Ceja Andrade Claudia
Published: September 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar algunas malas prácticas de los hombres pertenecientes a las fuerzas de seguridad pública y armada en la ciudad de México durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Si bien dichas fuerzas se establecieron para resguardar el orden y la tranquilidad pública, sólo en parte esto se llevó a cabo; lo cierto es que sus miembros también fueron autores de una diversidad de transgresiones, tanto en el ámbito público como el privado, que fueron advertidas por la sociedad en su conjunto.A partir de diversas fuentes primarias y secundarias el trabajo permite dar cuenta de ciertas ideas y valores que muestran cómo estos sujetos estuvieron acostumbrados a relacionarse a través del uso de la fuerza, la violencia, los códigos de honor, y los arreglos privados por encima de la ley.
"Atentados dignos de los negros días de la dictadura". Violencia policíaca y resistencia en la ciudad de México durante la década de 1920
Authors: Ponce Hernández Alejandro
Published: September 2023

A partir del concepto de legitimidad, en este texto se examinan los móviles que subyacían en la violencia generalizada entre policías y habitantes de la ciudad de México durante el transcurso de la década de 1920. Con base en documentos judiciales y en notas periodísticas, en él se llega a la conclusión de que las demostraciones bidireccionales de fuerza entre gendarmes y ciudadanos descansaban en la conjunción de seis fenómenos: 1) la complicidad entre policías y criminales, 2) el monitoreo clasista de las clases populares, 3) la labor represiva del Estado sobre manifestaciones que buscaban reivindicaciones sociales, 4) los abusos de autoridad y las imprudencias que los gendarmes cometían cotidianamente en su labor, 5) el hartazgo que la sociedad manifestó alrededor de los cuatro elementos anteriores, y 6) las demostraciones de prepotencia de la élite política frente a los uniformados.
El sismo de 1985 y la deuda externa. Economía política y moral de un desastre
Authors: Ramírez de Garay Iván
Published: September 2023

Con base, sobre todo, en archivos históricos del Banco Mundial y el Fondo Monetario Internacional, se reconstruyen las gestiones del gobierno mexicano para obtener fondos internacionales para la reconstrucción de la ciudad de México tras el terremoto del 85. Se estudia, así, la posible influencia de estos créditos de emergencia en la negociación más amplia de la deuda externa, que en 1985 se hallaba en un punto crítico. Reconstruyendo esta circunstancia, se busca además comprender la moratoria unilateral, demandada por la izquierda y los damnificados, como una reivindicación moral de índole sacrificial. Contra las narrativas habituales sobre esta década, no se observa a un gobierno mexicano alineado con el neoliberalismo de Washington, sino a uno que a menudo lo resiste hábil y tenazmente, en un proceso de cambio, mucho más complejo e incierto, en la significación estatal.
Enrique Florescano: el veracruzano
Authors: Ortiz Escamilla Juan
Published: September 2023

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Drought, settler law, and the Los Angeles aqueduct: The shifting political ecology of water scarcity in California's eastern Sierra Nevada
Authors: Borgias Sophia L.
Published: September 2023

This article examines how drought intersects with long-standing issues of ecological degradation and social inequity caused by water extraction. I focus on the case of the Los Angeles Aqueduct and its ongoing impacts on communities and ecosystems in the Owens and Mono Basins in the Eastern Sierra region of California. Drawing on ethnographic and policy research, I show how environmental law addressed some of these impacts but reinforced others, perpetuating a settler colonial approach to water management that marginalizes Indigenous communities and naturalizes environmental degradation. Drought has further exacerbated and obscured these issues of degradation and inequity, as Los Angeles has increasingly contested its environmental mitigation obligations and doubled down on the extractive approach that resulted in the need for mitigation in the first place. This research builds upon insights from political ecology and critical legal studies, underscoring how drought exacerbates existing water scarcity but also obscures the role of settler colonial legal frameworks and extractive practices in producing it.
The impact of weather conditions on the quality of groundwater in the area of a municipal waste landfill
Authors: Dąbrowska Dominika , Rykała Wojciech , Nourani Vahid
Published: September 2023

The quality of groundwater in the source area of pollution depends on many factors, including the weather and hydrogeological conditions within the given area. Anassessment of water quality can be carried out based on data obtained from sensors placed in boreholes. This research examined the influence of air and water temperature, groundwater table position and precipitation on the value of electrical conductivity in groundwater in a selected piezometer belonging to the monitoring network of the Quaternary aquifer in the area of a waste landfill site in Tychy-Urbanowice in southern Poland. The influence of individual factors was checked by using twenty neural network architectures of a Multilayer Perceptron Model (MLP). Each of these indicated factors were selected as input variables. Ultimately, three neural networks were selected, which were characterized by the smallest validation and test errors and showed the highest learning quality. The significance of individual variables for the effectiveness of the model was checked using a global sensitivity analysis. Three selected MLP models contained seven to nine neurons in the hidden layer and used a linear or exponential function as the hidden and output activation. The maximum test quality was 0.8369, while the smallest test error was 0.0011. The results of the sensitivity analysis highlighted the important role of water temperature and water table position on the conductivity value. The obtained goodness of fit results of the models to the input data allowed us to conclude that the MLP was applicable to such forecasts and can be extended by the analysis of further factors.
Consequences of the activities of Eurasian beaver on local plants and vegetation cover – an overview
Authors: Rakowska Rita , Stachurska-Swakoń Alina
Published: September 2023

The Eurasian beaver has a significant impact on biotic and abiotic resources, thus it is known as an “ecosystem engineer”. Currently, the beaver population in Eurasia is estimated at more than 1.4 million individuals due to successful reintroductions in many countries. The recognition of its impact on ecosystems is increasing every year, therefore this article summarizes the current knowledge of how the Eurasian beaver affects the local flora and vegetation in the area where it settles. Beavers initiate a transformation of their closest surroundings with the dams and ponds they create by forming wetlands, and the newly developed vegetation is richer in plant species than previously. Beaver activities lead to a decrease in local woody plant resources and an increase in the species diversity of herbaceous plants. Beavers also cause damage to agricultural crops when they feed on cultivated plants. Observed changes can vary over time and landscape scales due to local conditions and persistence of beaver occurrence. Understanding how beavers affect plants and vegetation may be helpful not only in the protection of the species itself, but also in better management of the areas where they occur.
A comparative study of urban land use efficiency of the cities of Hai Phong and Can Tho, Vietnam
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Tran
Published: September 2023

The process of urbanisation involves shifts in space and population, and other socio-economic factors, and has far-reaching effects on the use of urban land. Governing affects the process of urbanisation. This study aimed to compare the results of urban land use of two large cities in Vietnam, Hai Phong and Can Tho. To accomplish this, the research used input data from JAXA land cover maps and population data from GSO in order to compute indicators on the effectiveness of urban land use (ULUE) between the years 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that the amount of land used for urban development has increased significantly in both of these locations, whereas the amount of land used for rice cultivation and agricultural purposes has decreased. In particular, the proportions of these two types of land have a greater tendency to decrease in Hai Phong than in Can Tho. In addition, urban land use has not yet achieved efficiency in either of these localities; however, urban land use in Hai Phong demonstrates a significantly higher level of efficiency when compared to that of Can Tho.
From resilience to collapse: a cross-country study of tourist spending in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Korinth Bartosz
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector in Europe, particularly on tourist spending on transport, accommodation, and restaurants. The data used in the study were sourced from Eurostat statistics for the years 2019 and 2021. As part of the research method, a cartodiagram was used to present the percentage changes in tourist spending in selected European countries. Additionally, an analysis of the percentage change in spending on transport, restaurants, and accommodation in 2021 compared to 2019 was conducted using the ggplot2 package implemented in the R programming language. The study results indicate a varied situation regarding declines in tourist spending in 2021 compared to 2019, with smaller decreases noted in Central European countries, suggesting greater resilience to the pandemic crisis. Despite the declines, Germany and France maintained the highest spending values in 2021, underscoring their key role in the European tourism market. Conclusions from the study suggest that tourism-related spending has a huge impact on the economy. A more thorough understanding of how tourists spend money during their travels, including during a pandemic, can help better tailor tourism offers to their needs. By implementing the recommendations in the article, countries can better prepare for future challenges, build more resilient tourism industries, and ensure sustainable growth in the postpandemic era.
An approach to acquiring knowledge of the personal carbon footprint in Cartagena, in the Colombian Caribbean region
Authors: Valdelamar-Villegas Juan Carlos , Fajardo-Herrera Reinaldo
Published: September 2023

CO2 is the main greenhouse gas due to the large volumes emitted by anthropogenic activities, which is why it is necessary to implement strategies that allow the identification of potential sources of CO2 emissions in order to design and implement strategies to reduce them. The aim of this research was to estimate the personal carbon footprint in the city of Cartagena. Through the use of a calculator available on the web and the use of social networks, the personal carbon footprint was estimated and its relationship with some sociodemographic and spatial aspects was characterized. The carbon footprint of the inhabitants of Cartagena varies between 0.4 and 17.6 TonEquivCO2 per year, in addition, there were no differences in terms of sex and age groups. On the other hand, the personal carbon footprint at the spatial level is relatively homogeneous, with a slight distribution of values greater than 9 TonEquivCO2 in the area where people with a lower socioeconomic status live. The results suggest the need to prioritize strategies to reduce the carbon footprint in these places.
The Offender Recognizes the Victim – About the Advantages of Using the Visual Version of Polygraph Test in Serious Criminal Case
Authors: Herbowski Piotr , Słapczyńska Dominika
Published: September 2023

The authors of this article consider the advantages of using a visual version of CIT during polygraph examinations. The presentation of the rarely used CIT encourages to discussion about the possibility of implementation such tests in serious criminal cases. Their application takes a form similar to the police lineup. However, the main difference is that the suspect reviews photographs of possible crime victim. In the described case we are dealing with a so-called “reverse police lineup”. As the result, the visual CIT proved that the examinee knew the victim of the crime, despite the fact that he had previously denied this. Thanks to the examinee’s arousal recorded on the key question, it was also possible to obtain the desired psychological effect in the form of the perpetrator’s confession and the indication of other evidence proving his guilt.
Rural Residence: Dreams for the Future and Foreseen Obstacles by Young Adults From the Netherlands
Authors: Koreman Maarten C. J.
Published: September 2023

This paper examines the dreams for the future of young adults in Midden-Noord-Brabant and Zeeland, the Netherlands. Through 274 qualitative surveys and focus groups with 12 participants, it explores their dreams for the future, the obstacles they foresee in realising these dreams, and the influence of these obstacles on their stated life plans. The findings reveal a preference for areas outside settlements in residential dreams. Limited housing and career opportunities are identified as foreseen obstacles. These obstacles shape participants' stated life plans, which become more urban-oriented. Removing these obstacles can facilitate the realisation of rural residential dreams and promote rural areas as attractive areas to settle for new generations.
Small, Smart and Sustainable: Networking to Develop the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Value-Chain in Portugal
Authors: Sousa Cristina , de Fátima Ferreiro Maria
Published: September 2023

The paper aims to study the use of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) farmers’ networking activities to overcome challenges in the development of their business. MAPs are mostly cultivated in small farms located in rural territories. This presents many challenges in different dimensions of business development through the value-chain, namely in commercialization. That is why networking and collaboration with other actors may have an important role, by providing the scale and critical resources towards business success and value-chain sustainable development. The paper draws on a purposefully collected set of data on a network of Portuguese producers of MAP, organized under the EPAM project. The data was collected through a questionnaire and quantitatively analyzed in order to understand: i) how MAP farmers perceive the importance of networks for the development of their businesses? ii) How are networks enabling farmers with different profiles to develop their businesses? The results confirm the importance of networks for the development of these businesses, namely with other firms. However, it is possible to identify some diversity in the assessment of the role of those networks, both by taking into consideration the location of the farms and their positioning in the value-chain. The study contributes to a better understanding of how networking contributes to overcome barriers in the sustainable development of an agri-food value-chain, by stressing a variety of networking proposes and partners and the existence of differences across types of firms.
Parent empowerment can change media education
Authors: Rek Mateja
Published: September 2023

A crucial role in the primary socialisation is played by parents who are upbringing and educating children about various aspects of life. They also significantly influence child’s knowledge and experience of the digital media through examples, conversations and experiences. However, the process of media education has become a challenging task for parents to achieve. As current fastpaced processes of digitization are constantly changing, adults themselves are often faced with figuring out and adopting new ways of digital media related behaviours and attitudes. In past decade expert recommendations and guidelines on screen exposure and media education of children have been widely disseminated aiming to support parents in their choices in conducting media education of their children. In this article we confirm that parent’s familiarity with the expert recommendations regarding the use of media for children results in a significantly lower screen exposure of their preschool children and in higher frequency of implementing beneficial media education practices.
Populism, Media Messaging, and Media Literacy
Authors: Tomšič Matevž
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the rise of populism in connection with the functioning of the media and the role of media literacy in the receptivity of citizens to populist messages. The assumption is that the media play a dual role in this context: on the one hand, they make people susceptible to populist messages, and on the other hand, they can train them to become resistant to them. The quality of media communication affects the level of media literacy, i.e. the ability of people to understand and reflect on messages that are being disseminated by mass media, both traditional and online ones. The author claims that media literacy is the main protection against negative media phenomena such as disinformation and fake news. At the same time, it makes citizens resilient to those political messages that contain these elements on which populist politics is often based.
Corporate Taxation in the European Union: The Role of Intangibles in the Formulary Apportionment
Authors: Mlčúchová Markéta
Published: September 2023

This paper seeks to contribute to the current debate on EU-wide corporate taxation, steered by the impending Proposal by the European Commission on a new framework for the taxation of income of businesses in Europe. The objective of this paper is to verify whether the inclusion of intangible assets enhances the ability of the current proposals for Formulary Apportionment to explain variability in profitability. The research question addressed is “What is the explanatory power of the Formulary Apportionment, for factors such as tangible assets, intangible assets, labour and sales by destination, to describe the variability in the profitability of companies active within the EU internal market?”. The paper employs regression analysis of cross-sectional microeconomic data to analyse the explanatory power of the Formulary Apportionment. The research reveals that the inclusion of intangible assets fails to enhance the explanatory power and that factoring in intangible assets does not appear to have a statistically significant effect in the model. The best-performing model, without the inclusion of intangible assets, explained 22.6 % of the variability in the profitability of companies active within the EU internal market.
Fiscal savings of Czech municipalities: Precaution or inaction of their administration?
Authors: Sedmihradská Lucie
Published: September 2023

Czech municipalities keep a substantial and growing volume of bank deposits. An analysis of determinants of unreserved deposits in 2021 suggests that municipalities are precautionary and accumulate fiscal reserves if they can and do so to stabilize their budget management. Signs of low activity of municipal administration such as low creation of new assets and low execution of the approved budget were not related to the volume of unreserved deposits in 2021. The change in the impact of the municipal debt on fiscal savings from strongly negative to weakly positive between 2016 and 2021 calls for more research on the impact of the introduction of new local debt regulation.
Security in the Context of Sustainability: The Implications on Defence Expenditures
Authors: Bătuşaru Cristina Maria , Sbârcea Ioana Raluca
Published: September 2023

This scientific article aims to assess the link between defence expenditures and sustainable development in Romania. As the world faces increasingly complex security challenges and environmental concerns, it becomes crucial to examine the interplay between defence investments and sustainable development goals. The study focuses specifically on Romania, a country that has been undergoing significant economic and political transformations since joining the European Union. The analysis employs a comprehensive framework that integrates economic, social, and environmental indicators to evaluate the sustainability implications of defence expenditures. Using data from various sources, including national statistics and international databases, this study examines the trends in defence spending in Romania over a specified period. The research investigates the potential trade-offs between defence investments and sustainable development outcomes by considering key dimensions such as economic growth, social well-being, and environmental impact. By examining the case of Romania, valuable insights can be gained regarding the challenges and opportunities in balancing defence expenditures with sustainable development priorities. The study not only provides a comprehensive analysis of the current situation but also identifies potential pathways for enhancing the sustainability of Romania’s defence sector. This study contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable security fostering a more resilient and sustainable future.