bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of 4 K cooling power by coaxial pipe regenerator for a Gifford-McMahon cryocooler
Authors: Masuyama S , Matsumoto K , Numazawa T
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the experimental results of 4.2 K cooling power of a Gifford-McMahon (G-M) cryocooler. To improve the cooling power, an original regenerator structure named coaxial pipe regenerator was applied to the second stage regenerator. This structure is that a stainless steel pipe is inserted in the coaxial direction of the second stage regenerator. An effect of the coaxial pipe is considered to rectify the helium flow in the regenerator that leads to an increase in the mass flow rate to the expansion space. Then, an improvement in the cooling power is expected. The second stage regenerator is comprised of three-layer of Pb (warm side), HoCu2 (middle) and Gd2O2S (cold side) spheres of which the volume filling rate is 50, 20 and 30%, respectively. The coaxial pipe is applied to each material layer independently to survey an improvement effect of the cooling power at 4.2 K. These coaxial pipe regenerators were tested with a G-M cryocooler of one-watt model (RDK-408D2, SHI) and a scroll-type compressor (SSC-3700, SUZUKISHOKAN). The three-layer regenerator (without coaxial pipe) obtained the cooling power of 1.70 W. When the coaxial pipe was applied to the Pb layer, the cooling power of 1.79 W was achieved with the electrical input of compressor of 7.06 kW. In contrast, the coaxial pipe of HoCu2 layer and Gd2O2S layer showed no conspicuous improvement. These results prove that the flow condition of helium in the Pb layer significantly affects the 4 K cooling power.
Measurement of Decay Time Constant of Shielding Current in ITER-TF Joint Samples
Authors: Imagawa S , Kajitani H , Obana T , Takada S , Hamaguchi S , Chikaraishi H , Onodera Y , Takahata K , Matsui K , Koizumi N
Published: April 2021

Joint sample tests have been carried out as a qualification test for ITER Toroidal Field (TF) coils. The joint sample comprises two short TF conductors that have “twin-box” joint terminals at both ends. The lower joint is a testing part that is a full size joint of the TF coils. Hall probes are attached on the lower joint box at around the center of the external field coil of the test facility. The magnetic field induced by shielding currents in the joint can be estimated from the difference between the measured magnetic field strength and the magnetic field generated by the external field coil. The magnetic field by the shielding currents during shut-off of the external field coil from -1.0 T is evaluated for six samples. The decay time constants of the shielding currents are gradually elongated with decrease of the shielding currents in all the samples. In comparison with simulation results, it is considered that the main shielding current flows in superconducting cables in the two conductors with crossing the jointed plane and that the joint resistance is decreased at low total current.
Reliable long-term operation of superconducting bus lines for the LHD
Authors: Hamaguchi S , Moriuchi S , Noguchi H , Tanoue H , Mito T
Published: April 2021

The Large Helical Device (LHD) is an experimental device for helical type fusion plasma in National Institute for Fusion Science and plasma experiments over 150,000 shots have been successfully conducted during twenty long-term plasma experimental campaigns. The LHD has two kinds of superconducting magnets and nine flexible superconducting bus lines with an average length of 55 m, which are utilized as a part of the current feeder system between the coils and the power sources. The superconducting bus lines consist of a pair of aluminum stabilized NbTi/Cu compacted stranded cable insulated electrically and coaxial five corrugated stainless steel tubes with two layers of vacuum insulations. The nominal current is 32 kA and the withstand voltage is 5 kV in 77 K gas helium. From the first experimental campaign, the superconducting bus lines have been stably operated at steady state by using automatic control. It is also confirmed that the status of the superconducting bus lines are kept good thanks to appropriate maintenances. As the results, the reliable operation of the superconducting bus lines has been achieved during the plasma experimental campaigns without any serious failure and the total operational time of the steady state cooling is approximately 58,000 hours.
Modelling the Energy Losses of a Superconducting Magnetic Bearing due to the Change of the Levitation Height Under Gravity
Authors: Ishida Y , Enokida H , Ahmad D , Terao Y , Ohsaki H , Sakurai Y , Sugai H , Matsumura T , Katayama N
Published: April 2021

This paper describes the losses of the rotor of the prototype superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) that is employed for a polarization modulator of a Cosmic Microwave Background polarization experiment. The stator is composed of 20 segmented YBCO bulks, and these multiple superconductors produce the inhomogeneous magnetic field particularly due to the gravitational displacement of the rotor magnet position from the initial field cooling. This inhomogeneity causes the power dissipation to the spinning rotor. We estimated the power dissipation originating from this inhomogeneous magnetic field by using a numerical approach. The superconductors were modelled as electrically conducting components in the numerical simulation to avoid the complexity in modelling superconductivity. The results show about 4 mW dissipated at the rotor.
High-output density partial superconducting motors for aviation systems
Authors: Terao Yutaka , Ishida Yusuke , Ohsaki Hiroyuki
Published: April 2021

This paper describes electromagnetic design of partial superconducting motors (PSCMs) using YBCO field coils and copper armature windings. It has simpler structure than that of fully superconducting motors (FSCMs), which have superconducting field/armature windings. The target output density is set over 16 kW/kg. For the first step, we designed the 3.0-, 5.0- and 9.0-MW superconducting motors by means of analytical equations. We used genetic algorithm to find the proper conditions, including magnetic flux density amplitude, machine diameter and rotation speed, for our optimal machine structure. The results show that the 5.0-and 9.0- MW PSCMs could reach over 16 kW/kg and in some 9.0-MW cases, we recognized that the output density of 26 kW/kg had been almost attained. After the optimal design, FEM analysis was conducted for some design results of the 5.0- and 9.0- MW PSCMs, in order to evaluate motor losses, copper and iron loss, as well as maximum magnetic flux density and motor output. The motor efficiency could reach over 98% in all the FEM design cases. Also, the output density values were almost the same as those in the design cases with analytical equations. These analytical and FEM design results refer that over 16 kW/kg is possible with PSCMs; if we should obtain the output density of over 20 kW/kg with the PSCM structure, however, the 9.0-MW PSCMs are indispensable.
Generalized Linear Model Approach for Time Series Count Data on Number of Foreign Tourists Modeling in West Java
Authors: Rohaeti E , Kurnia A , Sadik K , Sumertajaya I M
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to model the number of foreign tourist visits in West Java. The number of a tourist visit is part of the discrete data so that the normal distribution approach become less precise in common modeling. In this study, the number of tourist visits was carried out using the Generalized Linear Model approach, combining the Poisson distribution and negative binomial distribution with the identity and log link function. The effect of internal covariates due to a surge in the number of tourists in a given month was also added to the modeling. tscount: An R Package for Analysis of Count Time Series Following Generalized Linear Models. The results showed that the four models obtained were equally good based on the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) values, while the model obtained with the negative binomial distribution integral probability log link function is the best model based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and integral probability transform (PIT) histogram values. The negative binomial with the log link function approach was then used to model and to predict the number of foreign visits. Plot using negative binomial and log link function, has a value closer to the actual data plot, also strong with the smallest AIC and BIC values.
Generalized Structured Component Analysis to Analyze Measurement Models: Utilization of Health Insurance
Authors: Ferezagia D V , Safitri K A , Dewi N F , Anggara D
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze measurement models of the Utilization of Health Insurance. A survey is conducted annually by Statistics Indonesia in measuring the Utilization of Health Insurance through National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). Code 81301-81309 on SUSENAS Core is blocking code XIII with a description of Health Insurance Utilization. Y1: Do you have health insurance? Y2: have you ever used health insurance? Y3: What are the reasons you have never used health insurance? Y4: in the last year, have you ever been refused a health check? Y5: what are the reasons you experience refusal to check your health?, Y6: in the last year, have you ever used health insurance for hospitalization?, Y7: What are the reasons you never used health insurance for hospitalization?, Y8: in the last year, have you ever been refused hospitalization?, and Y9: what are the reasons you experience refusal to be hospitalized? Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) is part of SEM-based on components that have global least-square optimization criteria, which can be consistently minimizing sum squares residuals to obtain model parameter estimates. GSCA is a powerful analysis method. This is because it is not based on many assumptions such as variables that do not have to have multivariate normal distributions (indicators with category, ordinal, interval to ratio can be used on the same model), the amount of data does not have to be large. The results showed that some indicator variables had no significant effect on the construct variables. The loading factor > 0.6 are latent construct indicators that provide good convergent validity.
Spatial Interpolation for Missing Rainfall Data in Northern Region of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Mohamed Salleh Mohd Khaidir , Ahmad Radib Noor Fadhilah , Mohd Amin Nor Azrita
Published: April 2021

This study is aimed to estimate missing rainfall values for daily rainfall data from 30 selected rainfall stations. The daily rainfall data were obtained from the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia (DID) for the periods of 1999 to 2019. The missing values throughout the 20 years period were estimated using spatial interpolation methods. These methods include arithmetic average (AA), normal ratio (NR), inverse distance (ID) and coefficient of correlation (CC) weighting methods. The methods consider the distance between the target and the neighbourhood stations as well as the correlation between them. In determining the best spatial interpolation method, three tests for evaluating model performance have been used namely similarity index (S-index), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The homogeneity test using Standard normal homogeneity (SNHT), Buishand range (BR), Pettitt and Von Neumann (VNR) ratio are conducted to test the homogeneity of the rainfall data. The results show that the ID method is more efficient than the others method and 85% of the rainfall stations were homogenous based on this method. This study is important as it can be used to fill in the missing value rainfall data so that the conclusions that can be drawn from the data is valid.
Effects of Climatic Factors on Dengue Incidence: A Comparison of Bayesian Spatio-Temporal Models
Authors: Aswi Aswi , Sukarna  , Cramb Susanna , Mengersen Kerrie
Published: April 2021

Considering only the spatial component of diseases can identify areas with reduced or elevated risk, but not capture anything about temporal variation of risk which could be more or equally crucial. Hence, both spatial and temporal components of diseases need to be considered. Bayesian methods are useful due to the ease of specifying additional information, including temporal or spatial structure, through prior distributions. Here, we examine a range of different Bayesian spatio-temporal models available using CARBayes. Combinations of model formulations and climatic covariates were compared using goodness-of-fit measures, such as Watanabe Akaike Information Criterion (WAIC). Comparisons were made in the context of a substantive case study, namely monthly dengue fever incidence from January 2013 to December 2017 and climatic covariates in 14 geographic areas of Makassar, Indonesia. A spatio-temporal conditional autoregressive adaptive model combining rainfall and average humidity provided the most suitable model.
Investment and Margin Risk Analysis of Robusta Coffee Futures Contract at Jakarta Futures Exchange
Authors: Renggani Puspa , Sumertajaya I Made , Afendi Farit Mochamad , Budiarti Retno
Published: April 2021

Futures trading is developing rapidly in various countries and has become one of the supports for economic growth. However, studies on investment in futures contracts in Indonesia, particularly in measuring risk are still limited. This study aims to calculate the maximum potential loss on investment and the estimated margin on robusta coffee futures at JFX using Value at Risk (VaR). The analysis used symmetrical and asymmetric GARCH (Exponential-GARCH, Threshold-GARCH, and GJR-GARCH). It used data of robusta coffee price, covering spot prices, March contract prices, and September contract prices for the 2016-2019 period. The result of the study indicates that the GARCH (1,1) is the most suitable model for the three robusta coffee prices. Based on the VaR value, the investment risk in the robusta spot is higher than the robusta contract. The margin value interval that may be applied to JFX robusta coffee based on spot price analysis, March contracts, and September contracts reach 2.39%-2.91%.
Multivariate generalized autoregressive score model (case study: vegetable oils and crude oil price data)
Authors: Jayanti D , Sadik K , Afendi F M
Published: April 2021

A multivariate econometric model can be used to forecast volatilities and dynamic correlations between various assets. Volatilities and dynamic correlations forecasting are important applied in risk management, hedging, asset allocation, and asset pricing options. This study uses a multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Score (GAS) model to analyze and forecast volatilities and dynamic correlations of the weekly prices of Crude Palm Oil, coconut oil, soybean oil, and crude oil. The GAS model is a new framework based on a score-driven time series model for updating time-varying parameters. Another multivariate econometric model is the Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC) GARCH model as a comparison. The empirical experiments regarding the distribution of return data show that the data can be approximated by the multivariate t-student distribution. The likelihood ratio test in the multivariate GAS model shows that the time-varying parameters in the GAS model are volatility, correlation, and location parameters. The evaluation performance model based on RMSE and MAE show that the multivariate GAS model has better performance in estimating and forecasting volatilities than the DCC GARCH model. Multivariate GAS models have better performance in estimating and forecasting the dynamic correlation on returns of CPO and soybean oil.
Forecasting the Number of Prisoners in Nganjuk With Integer-Valued Pth-Order Autoregressive (INAR(P))
Authors: Belinda Bella , Novita Mila
Published: April 2021

The most used time series model is the time series model which assumes the variables being tested are continuous in a discrete time period and produces continuous values. Whereas in many applications, such as number of monthly accidents, number of doctor visits per year a person makes, etc., needed a discrete time series model to handle discrete variables and produce discrete values as well. Time series model that handles count or non-negative integer data is the Integer-valued Autoregressive model with the pth-order or INAR(p). INAR(p) is the counterpart of AR(p) model for integer data. To get integer results, this model uses binomial thinning operator which implements probabilistic operations with discrete distribution that are suitable to model count data such as Poisson and Binomial, also use median forecasting method. Model parameters will be estimated using the Yule-Walker method. In this research, INAR(p) time series model will be applied to number of prisoners in Nganjuk from April 2013 until July 2016 to help tackle overcapacity problems in prisons that led to many negative impacts. Through model specification, the best model for forecast the case is INAR(2). In this data, based on the measure of AIC, BIC, and AICc, the INAR(2) model achieved better performance than its AR(2) counterpart.
The application of medoid-based cluster validation in desirable dietary pattern data
Authors: Budiaji Weksi , Riyanto Rifqi Ahmad , Suherna
Published: April 2021

A desirable dietary pattern (DDP) index is an index to measure the balance and variance of the nutrition intake of an individual. This index is composed of the calory values of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. Grouping individuals based on the DDP index is required to measure and improve an individual food security state. We took 14 individual purposively as samples to fill a set of DDP questioner. They were asked about their daily food consumption. They were grouped based on the DDP variables. A 3-dimensional plot showed that there were three to four clusters. Then, medoid-based partitioning algorithms, namely partitioning around medoids (PAM) and simple k-medoids (SKM), were applied in the data set. The inputted distances were generalized distance function to vary the distance options. The cluster results were then validated by medoid-based shadow value validation. This index was comparable to the 3-dimensional plot such that four clusters were opted as the most suitable number of clusters. The barplot of the cluster results showed that cluster 1 was characterized by an abundance of fat, while cluster 2 had very sufficient carbohydrates. Cluster 3 and 4 were two clusters with opposite characteristics where the former had a shortage of protein, fat, and carbohydrates, while the latter had an abundance of them.
Supporting of Waste Management in Indonesia Using Self Organizing Map for Clustering Analysis
Authors: Primandari Arum Handini , Kesumawati Ayundyah , Purwaningsih Tuti
Published: April 2021

The amount of waste in Indonesia is continuously increasing, along with the increasing population and welfare. The government already takes various efforts to control the amount of garbage; for example, they prohibit using disposable plastic in any form. Mapping waste generation and waste composition hopefully will help the government (or local government) make a more precise policy. Therefore, this research employed a modern clustering analysis that was Self Organizing Maps (SOM). SOM is an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that uses unsupervised learning to reduce data dimensions into two dimensions. SOM produces low-dimensional visualizations of high-dimensional data. The data of waste generation and composition were obtained from the National Waste Management Information System in 2017-2018. The variables processed were the daily average of waste per square kilometer (ton/km2), the daily average of waste per person (kg/person), and the daily average of waste per sub-district area (tons/sub-district). The researchers built the 3x3 hexagonal topology. The districts of Brebes, Buleleng, Cilacap, and Jepara were grouped into areas with high waste generation compared to other districts. Meanwhile, based on the composition of garbage, Morowali, Sinjai, and Palangkaraya districts were the districts where the composition of food waste, plastic waste, and textile waste was high. Tableau was used to visualize the result into map.
Electricity Consumption Modelling in Kendari using The Backpropagation Method on The Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Ruslan R , Laome L , Usman I , Harisa E W
Published: April 2021

Kendari is the capital city of Southeast Sulawesi province with significant population growth. Population growth has resulted in higher demand for electricity, while Kendari city electricity source is only obtained from diesel power plants, of course, the amount of electricity available is limited compared to other power plants. For this reason, it is necessary to model the consumption of electricity in the city of Kendari, as well as forecasting peak loads at certain times of the day. In fact, the assumption of the data cannot be fully fulfilled, even though the assumption has been handled. For this reason, forecasting using the backpropagation method in artificial neural networks provides a solution when the assumptions of statistical data are not fulfilled. The purpose of this article is to model electricity consumption in Kendari city using the back propagation method on artificial neural networks. The best modelling results use a network structure with 10 input layer units and 4 hidden layer units with the smallest mean square error of 0.000145. The highest average peak load on a daily basis occurs at 8.00 PM is 75,593 MWh, while the lowest electricity load that occurs at 05.00 AM is 64,203 MWh. Forecasting of the mean of electricity consumption the next week will produce 69,079 MWh on Monday, 69,381 MWh on Tuesday, 68,550 MWh on Wednesday, 69,124 MWh on Thursday, 68,110 MWh on Friday, 67,927 MWh on Saturday, and 68,833 MWh on Sunday.
Carbon cycle dynamics during episodes of rapid climate change
Authors: Meissner K J , Brook E , Finkelstein S A , Rae J
Published: April 2021

Past climate records reveal many instances of rapid climate change that are often coincident with fast changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, suggesting links and positive feedbacks between the carbon cycle and the physical climate system. The carbon reservoirs that might have played an important role during these past episodes of rapid change include near-surface soil and peatland carbon, permafrost, carbon stored in vegetation, methane hydrates in deep-sea sediments, volcanism, and carbon stored in parts of the ocean that are easily ventilated through changes in circulation. To determine whether similar changes might lie in store in our future, we must gain a better understanding of the physics, biogeochemistry, dynamics, and feedbacks involved in such events. Specifically, we need to ascertain the main natural sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane linked to rapid climate events in the paleoclimate record, and understand the mechanisms, triggers, thresholds, and feedbacks that were involved. Our review contributes to this focus issue by synthesizing results from nine studies covering a broad range of past time episodes. Studies are categorized into (a) episodes of massive carbon release millions of years ago; (b) the transition from the last glacial to the current interglacial 19 000–11 000 years ago; and (c) the current era. We conclude with a discussion on major remaining research challenges and implications for future projections and risk assessment.
Study on the possibility of converting rice husks to organic fertilizer using bacteria Pseudomonas aeregenosa and Celullomonas flavigena
Authors: Taimooz Sulaf Hamid , Kareem Basim Mohammed , Muaen Al-Khaikany Salwan Abdul , Shadood Shahlaa Nassar
Published: April 2021

Peel rice known Balsbos remnants Majarh are considered, one of the causes of environmental pollution in Qadisiyah province due to the large spread of this Majarh region because it is considered the agricultural environment ideal for rice so research aimed at solving environmental pollution Balsbos problem by re-use this article (Sbos) and considered as a raw material in the preparation of Bacteria fermented with bacteria pseudomonas
aeregenosa And Celullomonas
flavigena. Where preliminary research results showed that the fermentation medium is loaded Celullomonas
flavigena Of the plant and the soil and its effect on the growth parameters of the barley plant where the results were good for the height of the plant and the dry weight of the vegetative total and the total root compared to the bacterial fermentation medium pseudomonas
aeregenosa. Which is followed by the effect and these two mediums are correlated with other fermentation mediums for the center of the cypress and the middle of the spousal paste and the bacterial medium. All these circles are loaded with the same bacteriostatic species.
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Truffle on Some Antioxidants in Rats Exposed to Oxidative Stress induced by Hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Ayed Hani Sabbar , Khalaf Abdulkhaleq Sulaimain , Taki Mohammed Taha Mohammed
Published: April 2021

The current study dealt with using of hydrogen peroxide with 0.5% with drinking water to induce state of oxidative stress in male rats and estimate the ability of different concentrations of the aqueous extract of Truffle Water Extract to reduce the effects of oxidative stress during periods 0, 15, 30 days by measuring the following parameters in serum: Glutathione(GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of super oxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) and the peroxynitrate radical (ONOO). Fifty male rats with the age of 3-4 months and weight of 300-400 gm were distributed into 5 groups: group (1): control group received drinking tap water, group (2): treated with H2O2 0.5% in drinking water, group (3): treated with H2O2 and Truffle Water Extract 20%, group (4): treated with H2O2 and Truffle Water Extract 40%, group (5): treated with H2O2 and Truffle Water Extract 60%. Hydrogen peroxide treatment led to a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) of the GSH and SOD activities and increase of the MDA and ONOO levels in the serum during treatment periods compared with the control group. The results of using different concentrations of Truffle Water Extract on rats revealed slight protection from the oxidative stress induced by Hydrogen Peroxide, because its effect was affected on the level of GSH, SOD, MDA and ONOO levels in the blood serum in different experiment period.
Effect of added different levels of Graviola Leavs meal ( Annona
muricata L) on biochemical blood traits and bacteriological account in broilers chicken
Authors: Alkassar Ali Mehmood , Shaker Alaboudy Batool Abed Alnaby
Published: April 2021

The study was carried out at the Animal Production Department Faculty of agriculture university of kufa to investigate the effect of replacing(GLM) Graviola leavs meal ( Annona muricata) fruit with antibiotcs and antioxidant in the broiler diets. The experiment was conducted at the poultry farm of the Animal Production Department, College of Agriculture, university of Kufa. Starter diets ( 23.82% C.P and 3029.7 kcal ME/kg) feed were gave to the birds from week 1 to week 3 of age, and finisher diets which contained 20.94% C.P. and 3204.5 kcal ME/kg were gave from week 4 to week 5 of age. Three hundred sixty one day old Ross 308 chicks were randomly divided into six groups with three replicate (20 bird / replicate)per group, Each group was subjected to the one of the following treatments (T1) positive control contained antibiotics and antioxidant, (T2) negative control without antibiotics and antioxidant, (T3) T2 + 0.1% Graviola leavs powder, (T4) T2 + 0.2% GLP, (T5) T2 + 0.3% GLP, (T6) T2 + 0.4% GLP. Using Randomized completely Block Design(RCBD). Biochemical blood traits, benefits and harmful bacteria in small intestine. Result showed that there were significant decreasing (P < 0.05) in all treatments contained (GLM) in cholesterol, triglycerids, uric acid, albumen, globulin, and LDL, VLDL, ALPase, glucose, phosphorus and calicium in blood serum compromised with control treatment.
The Effect of Spraying the Bio stimulant humic acid on growth and yield of Four sunflower hybrids
Authors: Khalaf Issa Talib , Assal Bassima Athar
Published: April 2021

A field experiment was carried out in a salty loam at Mysiab which is located 3 km from Mysiab Technical college during the spring season of 2016/2017. The aim of the experiment was to study the influence of spraying the bio stimulant humic acid with the following levels (0, 2ml, 4ml and 6ml.litre−1), on growth and yield of four sunflower hybrids (Zuhraa, Qudas, Euflor and Cobon). Results showed that, excluding plant dry weight, Capitulum diameter and kernel weight where there were no significant differences between the spring levels 4ml and 6ml.litre−1. Take spring level 6ml.litre−1 significantly overcome the other levels on the remainder trails being studied. Excluding plant height, where there was no significant effect between the hybrids Zuhraa and Qudas; Zuhraa was superior with remainder characters among other hybrids. The interaction effect was significant with the over whole studied characters. The seed yield was 6.32 tone.hectare−1 for Zuhraa and Euflor. Thus we can introduce those two hybrids in breeding projects to achieve rales which could tolerate the region environmental stresses.
Effect of interaction between pheromone traps and plant seeds of harmal, Peganum harmala, on lesser date moth, Batrachedra amydraula (Merck), in Basra Province
Authors: Shaaban Ali Dhareb , Minati Mohammed Hussein , Shaban Abbas Dareb , Hussein Hussein Ali
Published: April 2021

The lesser date moth,Batrachedra amydraulaMerck is one of the most important pests affect date palm fruits, which cause great losses to the yield, whether in quantity or quality. This study was conducted in Basra province / Al-Qurna district to study the effect of harmal plant seeds on the numerical density, percentage and severity of infection caused by lesser date moth on the date palm trees. The results showed that the highest number of lesser date moths’ population density was appeared in the fogging treatment (111.3 / trap), while the lowest was in the fumigation treatment (64.3 / trap). The lowest percentage of infection by lesser date moth was in the aqueous extract treatment of (29.7%), while the highest was in the fumigation treatment (31.4%). In the first period, the treatment of aqueous extract gave the best results, as the percentage of infection was (17.8%). The lowest rate of infection severity was also in the treatment of aqueous extract (2.2 / 5 fruit), while the highest was in the fogging treatment (6.5 / 5 fruit). In the third period, both treatments of fumigation and fogging gave the best results, as the infection severity was (0/5 fruit) compared to the control for the same period of (8.9 / 5 fruit). The treatment of aqueous extract gave the best results in reducing the severity of infection by lesser date moth, while the treatment of fogging gave the best results in reducing the number density of lesser date moth.
Efficacy of four cruciferous germinated grinded seed on adjusting Meloidogyne incognita infecting soybean plants
Authors: Gad S.B , Aljboori Qasim H.A. , Abido W.A.E. , Abo-El-Kheer El-Shimaa A.M. , Saadoon S.M.
Published: April 2021

The influence of Brassica germinated grinded seeds cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli and radish seeds singly or integrated with oxamyl against M. incognita infecting soybean cv. Giza 22 were studied under glasshouse conditions (25 ± 5°C) of the Unit of Nematology Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura university. Cabbage germinated grinded seeds (GGS) singly or integrated with oxamyl at half dose showed the maximum values in improving total plant fresh weight (113and 67.0%), plant length (49.5 and 42.9%), shoot dry weight (105.4 and 42.3%) and number of leaves per plant (166.7and 100.0%), as well as accomplished the best results in reducing number of galls, eggmasses and females on root system of soybean plants since their values were amounted to 80, 83.8 and 80.9% respectively. Likewise, similar trend was achieved as cabbage integrated with oxamyl at half dose with values of 68.9, 82.2 and 77.4% for number of galls, eggmasses and females comparing to nematode, respectively. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the content of total phenol were gradually decreased, while the content of total chlorophyll clearly increased with the infection of nematode alone. Otherwise, all studied treatments solely recorded significant increase in the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and total contents of phenol and reduced the content of total chlorophyll with a negative value.
Effect of Plant Extracts and Biological control agents on Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn
Authors: Al-Baldawy Muneer Saeed M. , Matloob Ahed A A H , Almammory Mohammed K. N.
Published: April 2021

This study aims to examined antagonistic ability of some Plant Extracts and bio agents against of Rhizoctonia solani. The aqueous Extracts of plants used in study (Common Hornwort, Sage and Thorn apple) had against effect on the growth of pathogen in PSA medium. The Common Hornwort and Sage at rate 15% was superior inhibits fungal growth, it was 100.0 %. The results showed that alcoholic extract of plants (in concentrate 10 and 15%) was also effective and caused highly activity to inhibit radial growth of pathogen. In addition to the concentrates 1 and 5% were inhibited at rates 40.8-69.6% and 63.0-3838%. Thorn apple (Datura) extract was superior on Sage then Common Hornwort respectively. In the other hand the results appeared that Effective Microorganisms (EM-1) reduced growth of fungus more than organic fertilizer, Sea Bloom 29 which was 100.0% at both rates 10 and 15% whereas, the concentration 1 and 5% have inhibition influence which was 48.5 and 76.3% respectively. These results showed for the first time that ability of using the plant extracts and bioagents as alternative methods to control of the most serious plant pathogen and reduce using of chemicals and their problems.
Effect of Bacterial Inoculation, Bacillus Megaterium, Vermicompost, and Phosphate Pock on Growth and Yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Jahil Haider Makki , Kamal Jawad Abdl-Kadhim
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to investigate the interaction between bacterial bio-inoculation by Bacillus megaterium and vermicompost and three phosphate rock fertilizer (0, 100, and 200) kg.ha−1 on the growth and yield of sunflower, Halianthus annuus L. A field experiment was conducted in the fall season of 2020 in the field of silt clay loamy soil. The results showed that inoculation with Bacillus and Vermicompost, individually or together, led to a significant increase in (plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll, and total yield) traits compared to the control treatment. The highest mean was obtained with biological and organic inoculation and phosphate rock fertilizer at the level (100) kg.ha−1 valued at (134.3, 7250, 48.70, and 2808) for the studied indicators, respectively, compared to the comparison treatment.
The effect of adding viscocrete - 1003 on compressive strength of concrete using electric pole waste as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate
Authors: Haniza S , Hamidi A , Idris M A
Published: April 2021

The use of aggregate from electric pole waste material is expected to produce concrete with economic value. The study was conducted by an experimental method in the laboratory, utilizing waste electricity poles broken down to the size of coarse aggregates. The use of waste in the concrete mixture is 20% of the weight of the coarse aggregate and to increase the quality of the concrete, the viscocrete-1003 admixture is used in the mixture. The variation of the admixture used was 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% by weight of cement. Mixed planning using the SNI-03-2847-2002 method. The specimen for compressive strength is cylindrical with a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 300 mm. Compressive strength testing is done on 28 days. The results of the study for normal concrete compressive strength on 28 days were 397.71 kg/cm2. Concrete compressive strength using 20% waste aggregate and the addition of viscocrete-1003 of 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% is 427.25 kg/cm2, 469.30 kg/cm2, 506.79 kg/cm2. In general, the higher the percentage of viscocrete-1003, the higher the compressive strength of concrete with a mixture of waste. The admixture of viscocrete-1003 can improve workability, make concrete more flow, and accelerate hardening.
Potential of refused derived fuel in Jakarta
Authors: Widyatmoko H , Sintorini M M , Suswantoro E , Sinaga E , Aliyah N
Published: April 2021

Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is a formed from Municipal Solid Waste combustible material that has a high heating value fraction to produce energy. The study aimed to explore the potential of RDF from Jakarta as the energy raw material. For this purpose, 24 samples of RDF were taken from Bantargebang for briquetting and the analysis of moisture, ash, and calor in the physical chemistry laboratories. The calor difference of 1,815.8 cal/g between briquettes and the total component of RDF is based on analysis errors of the homogenization process. With the 25% efficiency from RDF to energy, 8,051.25 cal/g results 2,339.3 kWh/ton. The conversion of energy (kWh) per day= 8,291.650 tones/day x 2,339.335 kWh/tone = 19,396,902.46 kWh/day or as much as energy needed by 905,213 middle-class households with energy needs of 642.84 kWh/month. 34% of waste in Jakarta can be recycled meanwhile the other 66% in form of waste residue is transported and processed at final processing facility.
Utilization of coconut coir as adsorbent for dye removal in wastewater: The effect of mixing speed
Authors: Fitriana S , Wijayanti A , Hadisoebroto R
Published: April 2021

Wastewater from print screen home industry is potential to pollute the environment since it flow into drainage channel without prior treatment and it contains heavy metal ion. The most visible parameter is color due to dye usage. One technology to remove dye is adsorption, and coconut coir is very potential as an adsorbent since its contents of cellulose. This study aims to examine the ability of coconut coir in review of mixing speed and contact time on dye removal in a batch system using Jartest device to adjust the mixing speed. Preparation for making coconut coir adsorbent starts from burning in the furnace and then activated by adding H2SO4 solution. In adsorption process, the 10 gr of activated coconut coir was added into the wastewater and mixed with speed variation of 50 rpm, 100 rpm, 150 rpm, 200 rpm, 250 rpm and contact time variation of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes and 150 minutes. The results obtained state that coconut coir could remove dye with 99.62% efficiency in only 90 minutes of operation with a stirring speed of 100 rpm. The study proves that activated coconut coir could be an adsorbent for wastewater in textile dyes.
Encourage small business environmental sustainability performance by market orientation and environmental innovation
Authors: Haskas Y , Mujahid B , Arif N F , Riyadi S , Arief A S
Published: April 2021

This paper examines whether simultaneous market orientation and environmental innovation may drive organizations’ environmental sustainability performance, with environmental innovation as a mediation. Market orientation, innovation, and performance: the relationship between the three constructs has been shown in several previous investigations, but not many results have been obtained about how it impacts the environment. We study market orientation relationships as separate variables, namely customer orientation, competitor orientation, and interfunctional coordination. The examination every market orientation component that affects organizational environmental innovation on how to change environmental sustainability performance. The method used to analyze data is modeling the structural equations of cross-sectional survey data with the SMART-PLS software, using 300 manufacture small businesses located in Indonesia. We empirically test and substantiate that not all components of market orientation have a significantly positive effect on environmental sustainability performance, but environmental innovation is an excellent mediator. Our findings show that small businesses can improve their market orientation capabilities and innovate in overcoming the challenges of environmental damage in the future, even with limited resources.
The influence analysis of cow dung additional at biogas production of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)
Authors: Suryani F , Madagaskar M , Aprilyanti S
Published: April 2021

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) with the anaerobic fermentation method can be converted into biogas. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding cow dung to biogas production from POME. This study used a pure POME and mixture of POME and cow dung. The ratio used POME mixture: Cow dung 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30. This fermentation was carried out 25 days with a digester with a volume of 10 L which was equipped with a stirrer. Before fermentation, some measurements were done, initial measurements of pH, temperature, C levels, N levels, C / N ratio and total Volatile solid (TVS) POME and also a mixture of POME and cow dung to determine the chemical properties of the two materials. During the fermentation process, pH and temperature were reduced. The biogas produced was measured on the 10th, 15th, 20th and 25th day using a Gas Chromatography. From these measurements it was found that a mixture of POME and 70:30 cow manure on the 20th day produced the greatest levels of biogas which was 300.25 ppm. whereas pure POME with the same time only produces 210.4 ppm. This means that the addition of cow dung can increase biogas production.
Place attachment of railroad settlement residents, case study: Kampong Tenggumung, Surabaya City
Authors: Ramadhani A , Fatimah E , Wartaman A S
Published: April 2021

Place attachment refers to the formation of one’s inner bond with a place. Kampong Tenggumung is a housing area located on the edge of Sidotopo Railroad and currently most of its inhabitants are the third descendants of the original owner. It indicates the formation of place attachment of Kampong’s residents toward their environment. Therefore, the research aims to identify the place attachment of Tenggumung’s community towards their residential environment. The research method is descriptive qualitative. The study was done by understanding the process of settling and the concept of housing in Kampong Tenggumung through interviews and visual observations of residential areas, supported by map data on regional development. Then, the level of place attachment of the community to their residence was determined. The results showed Tenggumung’s community who have formed a particular concept of dwelling, namely the orientation of West-East buildings, a house inhabited for up to 3 generations, the road as a space for interaction, the merging of private-public (semi-private) areas, and the linked activities of residents and the rail border. This showed the level of place attachment of the community towards their environment has reached Level 2 Personalized Attachment.
Eco-friendly batik painting wax made from tamarind seed powder (Tamarindus indica L)
Authors: Ariani A , Pandanwangi A
Published: April 2021

Various attempts were made to continue preserving batik as one of the nation’s identities of Indonesia. One of the attempts is to simplify the process of producing hand-drawn batik using natural cold wax made from tamarind seed powder (Tamarindus indica L). The polysaccharide content in tamarind seed powder has good coagulant properties so it can be used as a barrier in the process of coloring batik. The use of the natural ingredient makes cold wax environmentally friendly, not harmful to health, and safe to use by anyone, including children. This research is a qualitative research with an exploratory method, through literature studies and direct experiments on the use of gutta tamarind as a medium for batik painting. The purpose of this study is to further inform the role of tamarind paste or gutta as an environmentally friendly material that functions as wax in the process of batik making, and compare it with traditional hot batik wax.
Development model of watershed recharge zone based on Indonesia regulation in Cisadane Watershed-West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat D P A , Darsono S L W , Farid M
Published: April 2021

This research aimed to generate watershed recharge zone with weighted value, and determine the effect of rainfall factor for watershed recharge zone assessment. Determining watershed recharge zone is one of essential part in integrated water resources management. Watershed recharge zone is used for preventing land use conversion that mostly happened in urban area watershed. In Indonesia, Ministry of public works and housing was determined recharge zone spatial criteria as stated in Ministry regulation number 10/2015, consist of following factors: rainfall, slope, land use and soil texture and use weighted method to generate recharge zone. The selection of Cisadane Watershed for case study based on watershed varying characteristics and was determined to be one of priority watershed in Indonesia. Each factors (rainfall, slope, landuse and soil texture) will be further analysed with spatial classification as a grid with 2 modelling scheme: modelling with slope, land use and soil texture as internal factor and modelling with rainfall as external factor. These scheme result rainfall is sensitive factor to generate watershed recharge zone and increase potential water recharge from domination of ‘average-good’ to ‘moderate-good’ in Cisadane Watershed. This research is a desk study and further can be developed with ground test validation.
Investments as a factor for ensuring food security in the Russian Federation
Authors: Tyupakov K E , Mikhailov A E
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the indicators of food security and the level of food self-sufficiency in the Russian Federation. The indicators of physical and economic availability of food for various national groups by income level were calculated. We justified a positive impact of investments in fixed assets of agricultural organizations on the level of self-sufficiency in the country with agricultural commodities, products and food. The reasons for the low efficiency of investment activities in the agro-industrial sector are identified, which elimination provides achieving the criteria indicators of Food Security Doctrine in the Russian Federation.
Evaluation of carry-out cuttings volume decrease as a result of well drilling with special bottom hole assembly unite
Authors: Andrianov N I
Published: April 2021

This paper describes the opportunity of drill-out cuttings volume decreasing. There are the big amounts of polluted cuttings at the rig-sites and landfills may be sources of ecological problem. Special bottom hole assembly unite permits using part of cuttings in drilling process. Simple mathematical approach was developed for process efficiency evaluation. This formula may be used in cuttings management calculations.