bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Fuel-Rich Degree in the RBCC Engine under the Ejector Mode
Authors: Yao Yizhi , Sun Mingbo , Li Menglei , Li Peibo , Bin An , Gu Rui , Wang Jiaoru , Wei Feng , Wang Taiyu , Chen Jikai
Published: February 2024

The ejector mode of the Rocket-Based Combined-Cycle (RBCC) engine is characterized by high fuel consumption. This study is aimed at investigating the influence of the rocket fuel-rich degree on the RBCC engine’s performance under the ejector mode combined with simultaneous mixing and combustion (SMC). Numerical simulations were conducted for various rocket mixing ratios (Φ=1.6~3.2) under subsonic (Maf=0.9) and supersonic (Maf=1.8) flight conditions. It was observed that a high fuel-rich degree in the rocket plume negatively impacts the eject performance under all conditions. However, it improves the overall performance (Isp) at high flight Mach numbers (Maf). For supersonic conditions, increasing the fuel-rich degree promotes greater fuel participation in combustion, thereby enhancing RBCC engine performance. Nevertheless, the subsonic-supersonic mixing layer exhibits low evolution, resulting in a decrease in reaction efficiency from 29.2% to 12.0% as the Φ decreases from 3.2 to 1.6. Consequently, there is an inefficient utilization of fuel. To optimize RBCC engine performance, the rocket fuel-rich degree can be appropriately increased. However, this increase should be limited to prevent fuel wastage arising from low reaction efficiency. Under subsonic conditions (Maf=0.9), the low kinetic energy of captured air leads to the occurrence of “negative thrust surface” and “wall impact” phenomena, which hinder the efficient and stable operation of the RBCC engine. Consequently, adjusting the fuel-rich degree alone cannot promote specific impulse (Isp), and a low fuel-rich degree is considered an ideal strategy when combined with adjustable nozzle technology.
Mating Season Influences Placental Characteristics, Plasma IGF Concentration, and mRNA Expression without Affecting Lamb Birth Weight in Akkaraman Ewes
Authors: Şen Uğur , Şirin Emre , Önder Hasan , Tırınk Cem , Yağanoğlu Aycan Mutlu , Bostanova Saule , Uskenov Rashit , Tyasi Thobela Louis
Published: February 2024

Seasonal variations significantly impact lambs’ birth weight and post‐natal growth of lambs, yet the underlying physiological mechanisms remain insufficiently explored. Therefore, this study examined the effects of mating season on lamb birth weight, placental characteristics, maternal concentrations of insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) in plasma, and placental mRNA expression levels of IGFs in Akkaraman ewes reared under extensive conditions. Ewes were mated in the breeding season (September; n = 35) and out‐of‐breeding season (April; n = 27). Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of all ewes using a vacutainer in sterile heparin tubes every month from mating to parturition. Post‐lambing, both dam and lamb weights were recorded, and placental characteristics were documented within 12 hours of parturition in both seasons. The number and weight of cotyledons were higher (P < 0.05) in ewes mated during the breeding season than those mated during the out‐of‐breeding season. Also, ewes mated during the breeding season demonstrated thicker large cotyledons (P < 0.05). Although placental and cotyledonal efficiencies were similar in both mating seasons, volumetric cotyledon efficiency was higher (P < 0.05) in ewes mated during the out‐of‐breeding season than in those bred during the breeding season. Additionally, ewes mated in the breeding season exhibited higher plasma concentration of IGF‐I at three months of gestation than ewes mated in the out‐of‐breeding season (123.8 ± 9.8 vs. 99.3 ± 11.4 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). Although the mating season did not affect the IGF‐I gene’s placental mRNA expression levels, the IGF‐II gene’s expression level was notably higher (P < 0.05; fold change: 2.84) in ewes mated during the breeding season. The results suggest that mating season influences placental characteristics, maternal plasma IGF‐I concentrations, and IGF-II gene expression levels of cotyledons due to alterations in cotyledon numbers and size on the surface of the placenta.
Role of Symptomatic Management in Understanding Effects of Early Integration of Palliative Care among Nonmetastatic Lung Cancer Patients on Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Datta Arunima , Ostwal Shrenik , Das Aryama
Published: February 2024

Aim. The impact of early referral to palliative care on quality of life for patients with lung cancer has already been discussed. However, the benefits of early integration of palliative care service (EIPCS) combined with standard oncology care for nonmetastatic lung cancer patients remain unclear. Hence, we designed a study to assess the impact of EIPCS among nonmetastatic cancer patients in India. Methods. In this randomized controlled trial study, we divided the data from 115 patients with diagnosed nonmetastatic lung cancer between age group of >18 years to ≥65 years. Following clinicopathological and radiology diagnosis, patients were referred to pain and palliative medicine department. Patients were randomly assigned by palliative physicians into two groups: Group A (N = 64), those who were receiving standard oncology care (chemotherapy or radiation or both) along with EIPCS, and Group B (N = 51), receiving standard oncology care. Patients were followed up every 3 weeks up to 3 months. Primary outcomes, symptoms’ burden, and psychological well-being were measured by validated tools. To define the impact of EIPCS, appropriate statistics were calculated as the mean ± standard deviation of the score of validated tools. Statistical significance was defined at p<0.005. Results. From the beginning, we had taken 115 patients, and on 42 days’ follow-up, the number of dropout patients for Group A was 3 (due to unable to contact), and for Group B, 9 (due to physical condition). This was followed by a reassessment after 126 days where dropout patients for Group A was 4 (due to unable to contact), and for Group B, 7 (due to physical condition). Following statistical report compliance at 126 days by WEMWBS was 21.16 ± 3.65 in Group A versus 16.1 ± 1.93 versus in Group B and by ESAS 51.84 ± 0.01 in Group A versus 97.64 ± 2.18 in Group B. Conclusion. The findings of this study showed that patients with nonmetastatic lung cancer who received standard oncology care combined with EIPCS had increased the psychological well-being and reduced symptoms burden.
An Unusual Case of Dietary-Induced Liver Injury during Pregnancy: A Case Report of Probable Liver Injury due to High-Dose Turmeric Intake and Literature Review
Authors: Haloub Kareem , McNamara Elly , Yahya Rani Haj
Published: February 2024

Turmeric-induced liver injury is a controversial topic, and turmeric is safe to consume during pregnancy in small amounts; however, it might be an uncommon cause of liver injury if consumed in large amounts. We hereby report a case of a pregnant patient who demonstrated atypical signs and symptoms of dietary-induced liver injury during pregnancy. She presented with itching at 23 weeks 4 days of pregnancy and had deranged liver function tests and was diagnosed with dietary-induced liver injury. The patient was managed with a strict diet during the pregnancy which resulted in a significant improvement in the clinical and biochemical findings during the pregnancy.
Conservative Treatment of an Unusual Presentation of Iliopsoas Phlegmon Related to Infected Intrauterine Contraceptive Device
Authors: Jamsari Giuleta , Choi Joseph Do Woong , Kakala Benedict , Hu Hillary , Sandler Gideon
Published: February 2024

Iliopsoas phlegmon/abscess is uncommon, and individuals often present with nonspecific symptoms. Diagnosis is often delayed and almost always requires advanced imaging techniques such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. We report a case of a 51‐year‐old woman who presented with right lower limb swelling and associated rash with imaging demonstrating iliopsoas abscess secondary to an infected intrauterine contraceptive device. This rare case highlights the nonspecific presentation of iliopsoas abscess and the need to consider unusual sources of infection such as an intrauterine contraceptive device in women presenting with iliopsoas phlegmon and abscess.
Supplementary Table S4 from Unsatisfactory Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Prevalence, Reasons, and Subsequent Testing
Authors: Liu Po-Hong , Nair Rasmi G. , Skinner Celette Sugg , Murphy Caitlin C. , Kim Eric J. , Ortiz Cynthia , Wang Lei , Hu Ellen , Lykken Jacquelyn M. , Levin Theodore R. , Green Beverly B. , Hahn Erin E. , Santini Noel , Halm Ethan A.
Published: February 2024

This table shows results of sensitivity analysis - Factors associated with subsequent testing within 9 months among patients with unsatisfactory fecal immunochemical test
Supplementary Table S4 from Genetic and Environmental Causes of Variation in an Automated Breast Cancer Risk Factor Based on Mammographic Textures
Authors: Ye Zhoufeng , Dite Gillian S. , Nguyen Tuong L. , MacInnis Robert J. , Schmidt Daniel F. , Makalic Enes , Al-Qershi Osamah M. , Nguyen-Dumont Tu , Goudey Benjamin , Stone Jennifer , Dowty James G. , Giles Graham G. , Southey Melissa C. , Hopper John L. , Li Shuai
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S4 shows that the best fitting model was found when β_C was smaller than 0.4 when we let β_C for DZ and non-twin sister pairs combined increase from 0 to 1 with a step of 0.1. The model gave a better fit than the aforementioned ACE or AE model. The A was estimated to be 0.32 (SE: 0.05), 0.27 (SE: 0.07), 0.19 (SE: 0.09), and 0.03 (SE: 0.14) when β_C was 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively, and relevant C was estimated to be 0.20 (SE: 0.06), 0.25 (SE: 0.07), 0.33 (SE: 0.10), and 0.49 (SE: 0.15), respectively.
Supplementary Table S2 from Genetic and Environmental Causes of Variation in an Automated Breast Cancer Risk Factor Based on Mammographic Textures
Authors: Ye Zhoufeng , Dite Gillian S. , Nguyen Tuong L. , MacInnis Robert J. , Schmidt Daniel F. , Makalic Enes , Al-Qershi Osamah M. , Nguyen-Dumont Tu , Goudey Benjamin , Stone Jennifer , Dowty James G. , Giles Graham G. , Southey Melissa C. , Hopper John L. , Li Shuai
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S2 shows that the age-constant model gave a more parsimonious fit than the piecewise linear model; the total variance was 12.76 (SE: 0.34).
Supplementary Table S9 from Genetic Factors and Long-term Treatment-Related Neurocognitive Deficits, Anxiety, and Depression in Childhood Leukemia Survivors: An Exome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Petrykey Kateryna , Lippé Sarah , Sultan Serge , Robaey Philippe , Drouin Simon , Affret-Bertout Laurence , Beaulieu Patrick , St-Onge Pascal , Baedke Jessica L. , Yasui Yutaka , Hudson Melissa M. , Laverdière Caroline , Sinnett Daniel , Krajinovic Maja
Published: February 2024

Additional analyses from the SJLIFE Cohort.
Supplementary Table S8 from Genetic Factors and Long-term Treatment-Related Neurocognitive Deficits, Anxiety, and Depression in Childhood Leukemia Survivors: An Exome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Petrykey Kateryna , Lippé Sarah , Sultan Serge , Robaey Philippe , Drouin Simon , Affret-Bertout Laurence , Beaulieu Patrick , St-Onge Pascal , Baedke Jessica L. , Yasui Yutaka , Hudson Melissa M. , Laverdière Caroline , Sinnett Daniel , Krajinovic Maja
Published: February 2024

Characteristics of the SJLIFE Cohort.
Supplementary Table S2 from Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption and Breast Cancer in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Garduño-Alanis Adriana , Ángeles-Llerenas Angélica , Sánchez-Zamorano Luisa María , Flores-Luna Lourdes , Flores-Aldana Mario , Torres-Mejía Gabriela
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S2 shows Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and the risk of breast cancer model adjusted for healthy diet index in Premenopausal women.
Supplementary Table S5 from Genetic Factors and Long-term Treatment-Related Neurocognitive Deficits, Anxiety, and Depression in Childhood Leukemia Survivors: An Exome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Petrykey Kateryna , Lippé Sarah , Sultan Serge , Robaey Philippe , Drouin Simon , Affret-Bertout Laurence , Beaulieu Patrick , St-Onge Pascal , Baedke Jessica L. , Yasui Yutaka , Hudson Melissa M. , Laverdière Caroline , Sinnett Daniel , Krajinovic Maja
Published: February 2024

Multivariable regression analysis for the Trail making test, male participants.
Supplementary Table 3 from Patterns of Anticoagulation Use and All-Cause of Mortality in Cancer Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Han Xu , Yang Xiaolei , Hidru Tesfaldet H. , Wang Chengfang , Xia Yunlong
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table 3 shows the sensitivity analysis of independent factors of mortality, after excluding patients with survival time less than 3 months and 6 months.
Supplementary Material S1 from Genetic Factors and Long-term Treatment-Related Neurocognitive Deficits, Anxiety, and Depression in Childhood Leukemia Survivors: An Exome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Petrykey Kateryna , Lippé Sarah , Sultan Serge , Robaey Philippe , Drouin Simon , Affret-Bertout Laurence , Beaulieu Patrick , St-Onge Pascal , Baedke Jessica L. , Yasui Yutaka , Hudson Melissa M. , Laverdière Caroline , Sinnett Daniel , Krajinovic Maja
Published: February 2024

Description of the genes identified through the exome-wide association study
Supplementary Figure S3 from Genetic Factors and Long-term Treatment-Related Neurocognitive Deficits, Anxiety, and Depression in Childhood Leukemia Survivors: An Exome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Petrykey Kateryna , Lippé Sarah , Sultan Serge , Robaey Philippe , Drouin Simon , Affret-Bertout Laurence , Beaulieu Patrick , St-Onge Pascal , Baedke Jessica L. , Yasui Yutaka , Hudson Melissa M. , Laverdière Caroline , Sinnett Daniel , Krajinovic Maja
Published: February 2024

Combined effect model of the PTPRZ1, MUC16 and TNRC6C-AS1 genes
Supplementary Figure 1 from Patterns of Anticoagulation Use and All-Cause of Mortality in Cancer Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Han Xu , Yang Xiaolei , Hidru Tesfaldet H. , Wang Chengfang , Xia Yunlong
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 1 shows the detailed exclusion criteria and the figures of the included and excluded patients.
Supplementary Figure S7 from Community-Level Factors Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence and Mortality: An Observational Registry Study
Authors: Mezzacappa Catherine , Rossi Raiza , Jaffe Ariel , Taddei Tamar H. , Strazzabosco Mario
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S7: Correlation between average annual cases of HCC (y-axis) and proportion with private insurance (x-axis).
Supplementary Figure S6 from Community-Level Factors Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence and Mortality: An Observational Registry Study
Authors: Mezzacappa Catherine , Rossi Raiza , Jaffe Ariel , Taddei Tamar H. , Strazzabosco Mario
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S6: Correlation between average annual cases of HCC (y-axis) and proportion with Medicaid insurance (x-axis).
Supplementary Figure S8 from Trends of Prostate Cancer Morbidity in Low-Incidence Countries from 1990–2019
Authors: Jiang Jinjiang , Chen Bo , Tang Bo , Yang Jie , Zhang Ting , Li Jinze , Tan Daqing , Wei Qiang
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S8 shows the age-specific burden of prostate cancer among Japan, America in 1990 and 2019.(a) Japan exhibits a consistent age structure for prostate cancer in both 1990 and 2019, with the 85-89 years age group having the highest ASIR in both years. (b) America exhibits a consistent age structure for prostate cancer in both 1990 and 2019, with the 75-79 years years age group having the highest ASIR in both years.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Trends of Prostate Cancer Morbidity in Low-Incidence Countries from 1990–2019
Authors: Jiang Jinjiang , Chen Bo , Tang Bo , Yang Jie , Zhang Ting , Li Jinze , Tan Daqing , Wei Qiang
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S4 shows the age-specific burden of prostate cancer among Libya, Malawi, Mali, Maldives, Mongolia, Morocco in 1990 and 2019.(a) Morocco exhibits a consistent age structure for prostate cancer in both 1990 and 2019, with the 90-94 years years age group having the highest ASIR in both years. (b) Libya exhibits a consistent age structure for prostate cancer in both 1990 and 2019, with the 95+ years years age group having the highest ASIR in both years. (c) Mongolia exhibits a consistent age structure for prostate cancer in both 1990 and 2019, with the 90-94 years age group having the highest ASIR in both years. (d) Variations in the age distribution of prostate cancer in Maldives are evident between 1990 and 2019. In 1990, the highest ASIR was observed in the 90-94 years age group, while by 2019, it had shifted to the 80-84 years age group. (e) Malawi exhibits a consistent age structure for prostate cancer in both 1990 and 2019, with the 90-94 years years age group having the highest ASIR in both years. (f) Mali exhibits a consistent age structure for prostate cancer in both 1990 and 2019, with the 90-94 years years age group having the highest ASIR in both years.
Supplementary Figure S11 from Community-Level Factors Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence and Mortality: An Observational Registry Study
Authors: Mezzacappa Catherine , Rossi Raiza , Jaffe Ariel , Taddei Tamar H. , Strazzabosco Mario
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S11: Correlation between average annual cases of HCC (y-axis) and proportion of adults reporting smoking (x-axis).
Supplementary Figure S1 from Trends of Prostate Cancer Morbidity in Low-Incidence Countries from 1990–2019
Authors: Jiang Jinjiang , Chen Bo , Tang Bo , Yang Jie , Zhang Ting , Li Jinze , Tan Daqing , Wei Qiang
Published: February 2024

The age-standardized incidence rate for each location is arranged in ascending order, creating a ladder from the lowest to the highest values. Countries with an ASIR below 20, marked by the first dotted line on the left, totaling 35 nations, are categorized as low-incidence countries.
Supplementary Table 2 from Evaluating the Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Health-Related Quality of Life Disparities in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A SEER-MHOS National Database Study
Authors: Wu Trudy C. , Farrell Matthew J. , Karimi-Mostowfi Nicki , Chaballout Basil H. , Akingbemi Wisdom O. , Grogan Tristan R. , Raldow Ann C.
Published: February 2024

Multivariate Results comparing Individual Scales from the SF-36®/VR-12 in the Post-Diagnosis Cohort
Supplementary Figure 1 from Evaluating the Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Health-Related Quality of Life Disparities in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A SEER-MHOS National Database Study
Authors: Wu Trudy C. , Farrell Matthew J. , Karimi-Mostowfi Nicki , Chaballout Basil H. , Akingbemi Wisdom O. , Grogan Tristan R. , Raldow Ann C.
Published: February 2024

Distribution of the SEER-MHOS Linked Data Resource (1998-2021)
Supplementary Figure 7 from Increase in the Life Expectancy of Patients with Cancer in the United States
Authors: Devasia Theresa P. , Howlader Nadia , Dewar Ron A. , Stevens Jennifer L. , Mittu Karen , Mariotto Angela B.
Published: February 2024

Timeline of treatment advances for lung cancer showing treatments that received FDA approval between 1975 and 2018.
Supplementary Table S2 from Decline in the Incidence of Distant Recurrence of Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Health Record Linkage Study, Australia 2001–2016
Authors: Lord Sarah J. , Daniels Benjamin , O'Connell Dianne L. , Kiely Belinda E. , Beith Jane , Smith Andrea L. , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Chiew Kim-Lin , Bulsara Max K. , Houssami Nehmat
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S2: Adjuvant therapy dispensed for breast cancer distant recurrence-free at 12 months after diagnosis, 2006–2007 cohort, by area-level socioeconomic status (more disadvantaged, less disadvantaged), and categorized by extent of disease at diagnosis (localized, regional) and age group (<50, 50-69, ≥70 years).
Supplementary Figure S4 from Decline in the Incidence of Distant Recurrence of Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Health Record Linkage Study, Australia 2001–2016
Authors: Lord Sarah J. , Daniels Benjamin , O'Connell Dianne L. , Kiely Belinda E. , Beith Jane , Smith Andrea L. , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Chiew Kim-Lin , Bulsara Max K. , Houssami Nehmat
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S4: Cumulative incidence of distant recurrence (%) among 6598 women diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer in New South Wales, 2006-2007, and distant recurrence-free at 12 months, stratified by treatment-defined ER and HER2 status, and tabulated results at 4-years and 8-years after the 12- month landmark.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Increase in the Life Expectancy of Patients with Cancer in the United States
Authors: Devasia Theresa P. , Howlader Nadia , Dewar Ron A. , Stevens Jennifer L. , Mittu Karen , Mariotto Angela B.
Published: February 2024

Timeline of treatment advances for breast cancer showing treatments that received FDA approval between 1975 and 2018.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Decline in the Incidence of Distant Recurrence of Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Health Record Linkage Study, Australia 2001–2016
Authors: Lord Sarah J. , Daniels Benjamin , O'Connell Dianne L. , Kiely Belinda E. , Beith Jane , Smith Andrea L. , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Chiew Kim-Lin , Bulsara Max K. , Houssami Nehmat
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S3: Annual hazard rate of first distant recurrence (%) among 16,521 women diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer in New South Wales, 2001–2002 and 2006– 2007, stratified by cohort and categorized by extent of disease at diagnosis and age at diagnosis: A. localized breast cancer (T1-3, N0); B. regional breast cancer (T4 or N+); C. <50 years; D. 50-69 years; E. ≥70 years.
Supplementary Table S7 from The Influence of Smoking and Occupational Risk Factors on DNA Methylation in the AHRR and F2RL3 Genes
Authors: Pelland-St-Pierre Laura , Pham Michael C. , Nguyen Alice Quynh Huong , Pasquet Romain , Taylor Sherryl A. , Bosson-Rieutort Delphine , Koushik Anita , Ho Vikki
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table S7 shows regression coefficients that denote the difference in average DNA methylation level, as derived from the mean methylation ratios across all estimated CpG sites in the F2RL3 gene, and their associated 95%CI relative to the reference group. Multivariable models included adjustment for age, phase of blood sampling, education level, ethnicity, and smoking (CSI - cumulative smoking index, not for never smokers). FWI of 0 was used to classify those as never exposed, >0-population median value as ‘Low exposure’ and ≥population median value as ‘High exposure.’
Supplementary Methods S1 from The Influence of Smoking and Occupational Risk Factors on DNA Methylation in the AHRR and F2RL3 Genes
Authors: Pelland-St-Pierre Laura , Pham Michael C. , Nguyen Alice Quynh Huong , Pasquet Romain , Taylor Sherryl A. , Bosson-Rieutort Delphine , Koushik Anita , Ho Vikki
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Methods S1 shows the CARTaGENE questionnaires for Phase A and Phase B.
Supplementary Figure S4 from The Influence of Smoking and Occupational Risk Factors on DNA Methylation in the AHRR and F2RL3 Genes
Authors: Pelland-St-Pierre Laura , Pham Michael C. , Nguyen Alice Quynh Huong , Pasquet Romain , Taylor Sherryl A. , Bosson-Rieutort Delphine , Koushik Anita , Ho Vikki
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S4 shows, for each graph, the effect estimate and the 95% CI plotted across all 7 CpG sites in the F2RL3 gene. Multivariable models
included adjustment for age, phase of blood sampling, education level, ethnicity, and smoking (CSI - cumulative smoking index).
The interpretation of the effect estimate is the difference in mean methylation level relative to those never exposed to each agent
(reference group). Categorization of occupational exposures was based on the FWI as never exposed (FWI=0, reference group), Low
exposure (>0 and lower than the population median, in blue square) and High exposure (≥population median, in red triangle). * Denotes a p-value < 0.05.
Data from Genetic and Environmental Causes of Variation in an Automated Breast Cancer Risk Factor Based on Mammographic Textures
Authors: Ye Zhoufeng , Dite Gillian S. , Nguyen Tuong L. , MacInnis Robert J. , Schmidt Daniel F. , Makalic Enes , Al-Qershi Osamah M. , Nguyen-Dumont Tu , Goudey Benjamin , Stone Jennifer , Dowty James G. , Giles Graham G. , Southey Melissa C. , Hopper John L. , Li Shuai
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:
Cirrus is an automated risk predictor for breast cancer that comprises texture-based mammographic features and is mostly independent of mammographic density. We investigated genetic and environmental variance of variation in Cirrus.
Methods:
We measured Cirrus for 3,195 breast cancer–free participants, including 527 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) twins, 271 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins, and 1,599 siblings of twins. Multivariate normal models were used to estimate the variance and familial correlations of age-adjusted Cirrus as a function of age. The classic twin model was expanded to allow the shared environment effects to differ by zygosity. The SNP-based heritability was estimated for a subset of 2,356 participants.
Results:
There was no evidence that the variance or familial correlations depended on age. The familial correlations were 0.52 (SE, 0.03) for MZ pairs and 0.16(SE, 0.03) for DZ and non-twin sister pairs combined. Shared environmental factors specific to MZ pairs accounted for 20% of the variance. Additive genetic factors accounted for 32% (SE = 5%) of the variance, consistent with the SNP-based heritability of 36% (SE = 16%).
Conclusion:
Cirrus is substantially familial due to genetic factors and an influence of shared environmental factors that was evident for MZ twin pairs only. The latter could be due to nongenetic factors operating in utero or in early life that are shared by MZ twins.
Impact:
Early-life factors, shared more by MZ pairs than DZ/non-twin sister pairs, could play a role in the variation in Cirrus, consistent with early life being recognized as a critical window of vulnerability to breast carcinogens.
Data from A Multiscale Spatiotemporal Epidemiological Analysis of Neighborhood Correlates of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Goldfinger Erica , Stoler Justin , Goel Neha
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:
Women living in disadvantaged neighborhoods present with increased prevalence rates of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study takes a spatiotemporal epidemiological approach to understand the impact of socioenvironmental contextual factors on TNBC prevalence rates.
Methods:
We analyzed 935 TNBC cases from a major cancer center registry, between 2005 and 2017, to explore spatial and space–time clusters of TNBC prevalence rates at the census tract and neighborhood scales. Spatial regression analysis was performed to examine relationships between nine socioenvironmental factors and TNBC prevalence rates at both ecological scales.
Results:
We observed spatial clustering of high TNBC prevalence rates along a north–south corridor of Miami-Dade County along Interstate 95, a region containing several majority non-Hispanic Black neighborhoods. Among the ecologic measures, the percent of a region designated as a brownfield was associated with TNBC prevalence rates at the tract-level (β = 4.27; SE = 1.08; P < 0.001) and neighborhood-level (β = 8.61; SE = 2.20; P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Our spatiotemporal analysis identified robust patterns of hot spots of TNBC prevalence rates in a corridor of several disadvantaged neighborhoods in the northern half of the county. These patterns of TNBC align with the literature regarding at-risk groups and neighborhood-level effects on TNBC; however, remain to be validated in a population-based sample.
Impact:
Spatial epidemiological approaches can help public health officials and cancer care providers improve place-specific screening, patient care, and understanding of socioenvironmental factors that may shape breast cancer subtype through gene-environment and epigenetic interactions.
Data from Alcohol, Smoking, and Risks of Breast Cancer Recurrence and Mortality among Women with Luminal, Triple-Negative, and HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer
Authors: Loroña Nicole C. , Othus Megan , Malone Kathleen E. , Linden Hannah M. , Tang Mei-Tzu C. , Li Christopher I.
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:
This study evaluates the relationship between smoking, alcohol, and breast cancer outcomes according to molecular subtype.
Methods:
This population-based prospective cohort consisted of 3,876 women ages 20 to 69 diagnosed with a first primary invasive breast cancer from 2004 to 2015 in the Seattle–Puget Sound region. Breast cancer was categorized into three subtypes based on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 expressions: luminal (ER+), triple-negative (TN; ER−/PR−/HER2−), and HER2-overexpressing (H2E; ER−/HER2+). We fit Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association between alcohol consumption and smoking status at diagnosis and risks of recurrence, breast cancer–specific mortality, and all-cause mortality.
Results:
Histories of ever smoking [HR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.74] and current smoking (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.07–2.35) were associated with greater risk of breast cancer recurrence among TN cases. Smoking was also associated with greater risk of recurrence to bone among all cases and among luminal cases. Elevated risks of breast cancer–specific and all-cause mortality were observed among current smokers across all subtypes. Alcohol use was not positively associated with risk of recurrence or mortality overall; however, TN patients who drank four or more drinks per week had a decreased risk of recurrence (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51–0.98) and breast cancer–specific mortality (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55–0.97) compared with non-current drinkers.
Conclusions:
Patients with breast cancer with a history of smoking at diagnosis have elevated risks of recurrence and mortality.
Impact:
These findings underscore the need to prioritize smoking cessation among women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Data from Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption and Breast Cancer in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Garduño-Alanis Adriana , Ángeles-Llerenas Angélica , Sánchez-Zamorano Luisa María , Flores-Luna Lourdes , Flores-Aldana Mario , Torres-Mejía Gabriela
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:
The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), of which Mexico is a large consumer, has been associated with the risk of breast cancer. We assessed the association between SSBs consumption and breast cancer risk in pre- and postmenopausal women.
Methods:
We performed a multicenter population-based case–control study in Mexico City, Monterrey, and Veracruz. We recruited 1,000 cases and 1,074 controls; all participants were pre- or postmenopausal women between 35 and 69 years of age. Diet before symptoms onset was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. We conducted a multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression analysis stratified by menopausal status.
Results:
For premenopausal women, after adjusting for matching characteristics, total energy intake and all potential confounders, the odds of having breast cancer in women who drank one or more SSBs servings per day showed 1.78 times the odds of those who drank one or fewer SSBs servings per month [OR = 1.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–3.01]. For postmenopausal women, the corresponding model was not statistically significant (OR = 1.38, 95% CI, 0.84–2.25). We also observed higher consumption of SSBs among pre- than in postmenopausal women (23.3% and 17.4%, respectively among controls in the highest consumption category (≥1 per day).
Conclusions:
Our results suggest that SSBs consumption increases the risk of developing breast cancer, particularly in premenopausal women.
Impact:
Given the consumption of SSBs, of which Mexico is a large consumer, these results can support public policies to discourage the consumption of SSBs.
Data from Trends of Prostate Cancer Morbidity in Low-Incidence Countries from 1990–2019
Authors: Jiang Jinjiang , Chen Bo , Tang Bo , Yang Jie , Zhang Ting , Li Jinze , Tan Daqing , Wei Qiang
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground:
Our study was designed to elucidate the morbidity trends of prostate cancer in low-incidence countries.
Methods:
Data on prostate cancer were extracted from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. A cluster analysis of growth rates stratified by age was conducted, and correlation analyses were performed between age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), estimated annual percent change (EAPC), and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Results:
Among 35 low-incidence countries for prostate cancer, predominantly located in Asia and North Africa, the SDI ranged from low to high-middle levels. Higher SDI regions exhibited considerably higher ASIR. With the exception of Kyrgyzstan, Kiribati, and Samoa that experienced a decrease in ASIR, the remaining 32 countries displayed an upward morbidity trend since 1990, with all their EAPCs exceeding the global average. In addition, men ages 90 years and above consistently exhibited the highest ASIR for prostate cancer. The most notable growth rate of ASIR was observed in individuals ages 20 to 44 years.
Conclusions:
Overall, low-incidence countries generally witnessed an increase in prostate cancer morbidity, albeit at levels lower than those seen in Western countries. Individuals ages 90 years and above consistently maintained the highest ASIR since 1990. Notably, more substantial increase of ASIR in younger age was also observed in low-incidence countries.
Impact:
This study offers a comprehensive overview of prostate cancer morbidity in low-incidence countries worldwide from 1990 to 2019. Future research should delve into the associations between incidence, clinical stages, PSA screening, environmental factors, lifestyle, and genetic risk in these low-incidence countries.
Early Immune Remodeling Steers Clinical Response to First-Line Chemoimmunotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: An Minae , Mehta Arnav , Min Byung Hoon , Heo You Jeong , Wright Samuel J. , Parikh Milan , Bi Lynn , Lee Hyuk , Kim Tae Jun , Lee Song-Yi , Moon Jeonghyeon , Park Ryan J. , Strickland Matthew R. , Park Woong-Yang , Kang Won Ki , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Kim Seung Tae , Klempner Samuel J. , Lee Jeeyun
Published: February 2024

Adding anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD-1) to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/platinum improves survival in some advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas (GEA). To understand the effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, we conducted a phase II first-line trial (n = 47) sequentially adding pembrolizumab to 5-FU/platinum in advanced GEA. Using serial biopsy of the primary tumor at baseline, after one cycle of 5-FU/platinum, and after the addition of pembrolizumab, we transcriptionally profiled 358,067 single cells to identify evolving multicellular tumor microenvironment (TME) networks. Chemotherapy induced early on-treatment multicellular hubs with tumor-reactive T-cell and M1-like macrophage interactions in slow progressors. Faster progression featured increased MUC5A and MSLN containing treatment resistance programs in tumor cells and M2-like macrophages with immunosuppressive stromal interactions. After pembrolizumab, we observed increased CD8 T-cell infiltration and development of an immunity hub involving tumor-reactive CXCL13 T-cell program and epithelial interferon-stimulated gene programs. Strategies to drive increases in antitumor immune hub formation could expand the portion of patients benefiting from anti–PD-1 approaches.

Significance:

The benefit of 5-FU/platinum with anti–PD-1 in first-line advanced gastric cancer is limited to patient subgroups. Using a trial with sequential anti–PD-1, we show coordinated induction of multicellular TME hubs informs the ability of anti–PD-1 to potentiate T cell–driven responses. Differential TME hub development highlights features that underlie clinical outcomes.

This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 695
Table S1 from FPFT-2216, a Novel Anti-lymphoma Compound, Induces Simultaneous Degradation of IKZF1/3 and CK1α to Activate p53 and Inhibit NFκB Signaling
Authors: Kanaoka Daiki , Yamada Mitsuo , Yokoyama Hironori , Nishino Satoko , Kunimura Naoshi , Satoyoshi Hiroshi , Wakabayashi Shota , Urabe Kazunori , Ishii Takafumi , Nakanishi Masato
Published: February 2024

Table S1 is the list of cell lines used in this study.
TABLE 2 from FPFT-2216, a Novel Anti-lymphoma Compound, Induces Simultaneous Degradation of IKZF1/3 and CK1α to Activate p53 and Inhibit NFκB Signaling
Authors: Kanaoka Daiki , Yamada Mitsuo , Yokoyama Hironori , Nishino Satoko , Kunimura Naoshi , Satoyoshi Hiroshi , Wakabayashi Shota , Urabe Kazunori , Ishii Takafumi , Nakanishi Masato
Published: February 2024

Antitumor activity of FPFT-2216 in cell line–derived xenograft (CDX) and PDX models

A T/C and TTE in the Z-138 CDX model
FIGURE 3 from FPFT-2216, a Novel Anti-lymphoma Compound, Induces Simultaneous Degradation of IKZF1/3 and CK1α to Activate p53 and Inhibit NFκB Signaling
Authors: Kanaoka Daiki , Yamada Mitsuo , Yokoyama Hironori , Nishino Satoko , Kunimura Naoshi , Satoyoshi Hiroshi , Wakabayashi Shota , Urabe Kazunori , Ishii Takafumi , Nakanishi Masato
Published: February 2024

Activation of the p53 signaling pathway via CK1α degradation by FPFT-2216. Western blot analysis of Z-138 cells cultured for 6 and 24 hours (A), OCI-Ly3 and RI-1 cells cultured for 24 hours (B and C), and CK1α G40N mutant-expressing Z-138 cells cultured for 6 hours (D) in the presence of compounds at different concentrations. Representative results from two (A and D) or three (B) independent experiments are shown. GAPDH was used as a loading control. In the case of OCI-Ly3 cells, the p21 band intensity was normalized to GAPDH, and the p21/GAPDH band intensity ratio (%) after treatment with various compounds was determined with the p21/GAPDH band intensity ratio in DMSO-treated cells taken as 100% (C, mean ± SD, n = 3). E, Cell viability (%) of Z-138, OCI-Ly3, and MOLM-13 cells cultured for three days in the presence of FPFT-2216 and siremadlin at the concentrations shown in the figure. Results are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). F, Western blot analysis of Z-138 cells treated for 6 hours with varying concentrations of siremadlin alone or in combination with 50 nmol/L FPFT-2216. Representative results from two independent experiments are shown. 2216, FPFT-2216; Lena, lenalidomide; Poma, pomalidomide; Avad, avadomide; Iber, iberdomide; Sire, siremadlin.
FIGURE 2 from FPFT-2216, a Novel Anti-lymphoma Compound, Induces Simultaneous Degradation of IKZF1/3 and CK1α to Activate p53 and Inhibit NFκB Signaling
Authors: Kanaoka Daiki , Yamada Mitsuo , Yokoyama Hironori , Nishino Satoko , Kunimura Naoshi , Satoyoshi Hiroshi , Wakabayashi Shota , Urabe Kazunori , Ishii Takafumi , Nakanishi Masato
Published: February 2024

Antiproliferative activity of FPFT-2216 via CK1α degradation. FPFT-2216 degrading activity and growth inhibition in Z-138 (A), RS4;11 (B), and RI-1 (C) cells with a CK1α G40N mutant. Left: Western blot analysis of cells cultured for 6 hours (A and B) or 24 hours (C) in the presence of compounds at different concentrations. Representative results from two independent experiments are shown. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Right: Viability (%) of each cell type cultured for three days in the presence of 0.001–100 µmol/L FPFT-2216. Results are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). 2216, FPFT-2216; Lena, lenalidomide; Iber, iberdomide.
Surveillance for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Successfully Treated Viral Disease of the Liver: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lani Lorenzo , Stefanini Benedetta , Trevisani Franco
Published: February 2024

Background: Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been proven to increase the proportion of tumors detected at early stages and the chance of receiving curative therapies, reducing mortality by about 30%. Summary: Current recommendations consist of a semi-annual abdominal ultrasound with or without serum alpha-fetoprotein measurement in patients with cirrhosis and specific subgroups of populations with chronic viral hepatitis. Antiviral therapies, such as nucleot(s)ide analogs that efficiently suppress the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and direct-acting antiviral drugs able to eliminate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in >90% of patients, have radically changed the outcomes of viral liver disease and decreased, but not eliminated, the risk of HCC in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. HCC risk is a key starting point for implementing a cost-effective surveillance and should also guide the decision-making process concerning its modality. As the global number of effectively treated viral patients continues to rise, there is a pressing need to identify those for whom the benefit-to-harm ratio of surveillance is favorable and to determine how to conduct cost-effective screening on such patients. Key Messages: This article addresses this topic and attempts to determine which patients should continue HCC surveillance after HBV suppression or HCV eradication, based on cost-effectiveness principles and the fact that HCC risk declines over time. We also formulate a proposal for a surveillance algorithm that switches the use of surveillance for HCC from the “one-size-fits-all” approach to individualized programs based on oncologic risk (precision surveillance).
Modulação autonômica cardíaca de adultos de meia idade saudáveis e de pré-adolescentes obesos, durante a realização de exercício dinâmico incremental: protocolo piloto
Authors: Souza Giovanna Thome Streicher , Paschoal Mario Augusto , Gonçalves Mariana Gonzales
Published: February 2024

Contextualização: A obesidade na pré-adolescência e o processo natural de envelhecimento são fatores que podem interferir nos ajustes autonômicos cardíacos durante a realização e recuperação de exercícios físicos. Objetivo: Investigar qual dos dois fatores causa maior prejuízo à modulação autonômica cardíaca (MAC) nessas condições. Métodos: Foram estudados dez indivíduos de meia idade saudáveis (IMI) com média de idade de 45±5anos e cinco pré-adolescentes obesos (PAO) com idade média de 10,5±1,5 anos que se submeteram a um protocolo de exercício dinâmico submáximo incremental (EDSI), feito em esteira rolante. Devido à diferença de estatura, os PAO iniciaram o protocolo a uma velocidade de 4,0km/h e os IMI a 4,5km/h. As velocidades tiveram incrementos de 0,5km/h a cada estágio de 3min até que o voluntário atingisse a sua FC submáxima (FCsubmax = 195 - idade) ou o nível 13 do índice de percepção de esforço de Borg. Ao final do esforço, o voluntario andava 1 minuto na velocidade inicial do protocolo e se deitava por 5min. Os batimentos cardíacos registrados foram interpretados por um software que permitiu a análise da MAC por meio da interpretação da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC). A análise dos dados se restringiu à estatística descritiva, devido ao baixo número de voluntários estudados. Resultados: ambos os grupos apresentaram efetivo aumento do tônus simpático durante o esforço, apesar de os PAO terem atingido maiores valores de FC nas velocidades relativas. Durante a fase de recuperação pós-esforço o índice pNN50, que expressa a modulação parassimpática cardíaca, foi maior para os PAO (média de 2,24 – IMI e 8,34 - PAO), sendo o fator responsável pela maior redução da FC pós-esforço. Conclusão: o processo natural de envelhecimento parece ser um fator mais impactante para os ajustes autonômicos cardíacos, principalmente durante a recuperação pós-esforço, do que a obesidade na pré-adolescência.
Case report: a rare case of Herpes zoster Ophthalmicus with simultaneous impairment of lumbar and sacral dermatomes
Authors: Costa Mônica de Albuquerque , Costa Isabella Boa Sorte , Rodrigues Daniela de Oliveira Werneck , Freire Érika Santos , Andrade Maria Cristina Vieira de , Raposo Nádia Rezende Barbosa
Published: February 2024

Herpes zoster (HZ) occurs as a result of the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus and is characterized by neuralgic pain, constitutive symptoms, pruritus and dysesthesia along nerve pathways. Vesicles on an erythematous base in a dermatome can be identified, and vision loss may occur in cases of ocular involvement. HZ is clinically diagnosed and treated with antivirals. This study aims to report a rare case of HZ simultaneously affecting the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve and the lumbar and sacral dermatomes. The patient was clinically cured after treatment with acyclovir for 7 days and did not present other complications.
Irene Buarque nos anos 80: contatos e cruzamentos entre Lisboa e São Paulo em torno da arte experimental
Authors: Olalla Pablo Santa
Published: February 2024

A artista brasileira Irene Buarque chegou a Lisboa em 1973. Nesses anos 70, sua evolução da pintura à experimentação foi registrada em uma sequência de motivos metafóricos – a parede, a janela, o passo –, a partir dos quais pode ser observada sua experiência como mulher artista e migrante entre duas ditaduras. Ela tornou-se importante na rede de artistas experimentais de Portugal, participando de exposições e como fundadora da galeria-cooperativa Diferença. Ao longo dos anos 80, além de sua prática individual, Buarque coordenou, no MAC da Universidade de São Paulo, várias exposições de artistas de Portugal que trabalhavam no campo da experimentação. Ao incentivar o intercâmbio, a sua agência catalítica serviu para construir uma ponte transatlântica que venceu a falta de relações artísticas oficiais entre os dois países.
Association Between Cardiovascular Event Type and Smoking Cessation Rates Among Outpatients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Insights From the NCDR PINNACLE Registry
Authors: Hejjaji Vittal , Ellerbeck Edward F. , Jones Philip G. , Pacheco Christina M. , Malik Ali O. , Chan Paul S. , Spertus John A. , Arnold Suzanne V.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

It is unclear how the type of an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event potentially influences patients’ likelihood of smoking cessation.

METHODS:

Using 2013 to 2018 data from the US based National Cardiovascular Data Registry Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence outpatient cardiac registry, we identified patients who were current smokers at a clinic visit and followed them over time for a subsequent ASCVD event. Self-reported smoking status was assessed at each consecutive visit and used to determine smoking cessation after each interim ASCVD event (myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft, stroke/transient ischemic attack, peripheral artery disease). We constructed separate multivariable Cox models with nonproportional hazards to examine the association of each interim ASCVD event with smoking cessation, compared with not having an interim ASCVD event. We estimated the relative association of ASCVD event type with smoking cessation using contrast tests. Analyses were stratified by presence versus absence of ASCVD at baseline.

RESULTS:

Across 530 cardiology practices, we identified 1 933 283 current smokers (mean age 62±15, male 54%, ASCVD at baseline 50%). Among the 322 743 patients who had an interim ASCVD event and were still smoking, 41 336 (12.8%) quit smoking by their first subsequent clinic visit, which was higher among those with baseline ASCVD (13.4%) as compared with those without baseline ASCVD (11.5%). Each type of ASCVD event was associated with an increased likelihood of smoking. Patients who had an myocardial infarction, underwent coronary artery bypass graft (hazard ratio, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.55–1.65]), or had a stroke or transient ischemic attack were more likely to quit smoking as compared with those who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention or had a new diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.17–1.22]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Only 13% of patients reported smoking cessation after an ASCVD event, with the type of event being associated with the likelihood of smoking cessation, prompting the need for patient-centered interventions.