bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prospective randomised controlled study of patient-specific cutting guides compared with conventional instrumentation in total knee replacement
Authors: Chareancholvanich K. , Narkbunnam R. , Pornrattanamaneewong C.
Published: February 2013

Patient-specific cutting guides (PSCGs) are designed to improve the accuracy of alignment of total knee replacement (TKR). We compared the accuracy of limb alignment and component positioning after TKR performed using PSCGs or conventional instrumentation. A total of 80 patients were randomised to undergo TKR with either of the different forms of instrumentation, and radiological outcomes and peri-operative factors such as operating time were assessed. No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of tibiofemoral angle or femoral component alignment. Although the tibial component in the PSCGs group was measurably closer to neutral alignment than in the conventional group, the size of the difference was very small (89.8° (sd 1.2) vs 90.5° (sd 1.6); p = 0.030). This new technology slightly shortened the bone-cutting time by a mean of 3.6 minutes (p < 0.001) and the operating time by a mean 5.1 minutes (p = 0.019), without tangible differences in post-operative blood loss (p = 0.528) or need for blood transfusion (p = 0.789). This study demonstrated that both PSCGs and conventional instrumentation restore limb alignment and place the components with the similar accuracy. The minimal advantages of PSCGs in terms of consistency of alignment or operative time are unlikely to be clinically relevant.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:354–9.
The effects of age and gender on the diameter of the femoral canal in patients who undergo total hip replacement
Authors: Milligan D. J. , O’Brien S. , Bennett D. , Hill J. C. , Beverland D. E.
Published: February 2013

With greater numbers of younger patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR), the effect of patient age on the diameter of the femoral canal may become more relevant. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the diameter of the diaphysis of the femoral canal with increasing age in a large number of patients who underwent THR. A total of 1685 patients scheduled for THR had their femoral dimensions recorded from calibrated radiographs. There were 736 males and 949 females with mean ages of 67.1 years (34 to 92) and 70.2 years (29 to 92), respectively. The mean diameter of the femoral canal was 13.3 mm (8.0 to 23.0) for males and 12.7 mm (6.0 to 26.0) for females. There was a poor correlation between age and the diameter of the canal in males (r = 0.071, p = 0.05) but a stronger correlation in females (r = 0.31, p < 0.001).

The diameter of the femoral canal diameter of a female patient undergoing THR could be predicted to increase by 3.2 mm between the ages of 40 and 80 years, in contrast a male would be expected to experience only a 0.6 mm increase during the same period. This increase in the diameter of the canal with age might affect the long-term survival of the femoral component in female patients.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:339–42.
Management of abductor mechanism deficiency following total hip replacement
Authors: Odak S. , Ivory J.
Published: February 2013

Deficiency of the abductor mechanism is a well-recognised cause of pain and limping after total hip replacement (THR). This can be found incidentally at the time of surgery, or it may arise as a result of damage to the superior gluteal nerve intra-operatively, or after surgery owing to mechanical failure of the abductor muscle repair or its detachment from the greater trochanter. The incidence of abductor failure has been reported as high as 20% in some studies. The management of this condition remains a dilemma for the treating surgeon. We review the current state of knowledge concerning post-THR abductor deficiency, including the aetiology, diagnosis and management, and the outcomes of surgery for this condition.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:343–7.
Endoscopy and the transfer from GSp(4) to GL(4)
Authors: Jang Bogume
Published: February 2013

We prove Jiang's conjecture (1996) to show
the existence of an L-function of a cuspidal representation of
GSp(4,𝔸) × GSp(4,𝔸) which has a pole of order 2 at s = 1, even for globally generic representations. Moreover, we show that if a cuspidal representation π of
GSp(4,𝔸) comes from GSO(4,𝔸), then π is the Weil transfer of Π1 ⊗ Π2 realized as a representation of GSO(4,𝔸) where the Π
i
are irreducible automorphic cuspidal representations of
GL(2,𝔸). This agrees with the Langlands functoriality principle as GSO(4,𝔸) is an endoscopic group for GSp(4,𝔸).
Screening physical examinations in 25,000 Israeli schoolchildren
Authors: Lev Ran Rena , Knishkowy Barry , Adler Bella
Published: February 2013

Physical examinations in childhood and adolescence have been recommended by various professional organizations. In order to assess the value of periodic physical examinations in identifying previously undetected conditions, we analyzed the results of school screening examinations of approximately 25,000 Israeli students.

Methods: Entire student populations in the 1st, 5th, 7th, and 10th grades in the Tel Aviv-Yafo public school system were offered physical examinations during the 1996–1997 and 1997–1998 school years. Nine physicians performed these examinations. Referrals to the primary care physician were made for abnormal findings. The frequencies of the leading referrals were determined, and comparisons were made according to gender and grade.

Results: A total of 24,846 students were examined. The overall referral rate was 7.8 per 100 examinations. Leading referrals included “overweight”, “heart murmur”, and “spinal structural abnormalities” at all grade levels, and “nevi” in grades 5, 7, and 10. Referral rates increased between various grade levels for “spinal structural abnormalities”, “nevi”, and “varicocele”, and decreased for “short stature” and “overweight”. Of the 196 diagnoses documented after referral, 182 (93%) fell into three categories, namely, spinal, hernia and scrotal, and short stature.

Conclusions: A wide range of physical findings were detected or referred at each of the grade levels in this large population of schoolchildren. Many of these were triggers for preventive health counseling, while approximately 1% of the examinations yielded important findings requiring intervention. These results provide a measure of justification for the American Academy of Pediatrics’ recommendations for periodic physical examinations in childhood and adolescence.
Factors influencing the quality of implementation of a positive youth development program in Hong Kong
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Law Moon Y.M.
Published: February 2013

This study examines how social workers collaborate with school teachers in implementing a school-based positive youth development program in Hong Kong. Individual and focus group interviews are conducted with social workers cooperating with school teachers in implementing the Project P.A.T.H.S. in a school context. Through the interviews, strategies for establishing inter-disciplinary collaboration and factors that hinder or facilitate program implementation are identified. This case study highlights factors that facilitate the collaboration between social workers and school teachers, including the following: 1) sufficient training for instructors, 2) sharing of the practice wisdom and teaching experiences, 3) building up mutual support among different parties, 4) use of proactive communication, and 5) demonstration of self-disclosure.
Evaluation of the project P.A.T.H.S. (extension phase) based on the perspective of the program participants
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Sun Rachel C.F.
Published: February 2013

Subjective outcome evaluation data were collected from 236 schools (n=87,943 students) after students had participated in the Tier 1 Program in the second year of the Extension Phase of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong. Using schools as the units of analysis, results showed that the program and implementers were perceived in a positive manner and approximately four-fifths of the participants regarded the program as helpful to them. There were some significant grade differences in the subjective outcome evaluation findings with small effect size. Multiple regression analyses showed that whereas perceived qualities of the program positively predicted perceived effectiveness of the program, perceived qualities of implementers negatively predicted program effectiveness. The present study suggests that irrespective of cohorts at different times, junior secondary school students perceived the program to be beneficial to them. The theoretical and practical implications of the present findings are discussed.
Implementation quality of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong: findings from the extension phase
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Liu Ting Ting
Published: February 2013

To evaluate the implementation quality of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. (Secondary 1 to Secondary 3), a study based on classroom observations of 597 units in 207 schools was conducted under the Co-Walker Scheme. Results demonstrated that the implementation quality of the program was high in general, with a mean program adherence of 80.8%. The 13 aspects of program delivery under observation were significantly intercorrelated. Multiple regression analyses indicated that: (i) overall implementation quality was significantly predicted by classroom control, interactive delivery method, use of positive and supportive feedback, opportunity for reflection, degree of achievement of the objectives, time management, and lesson preparation; (ii) success of implementation was significantly predicted by student participation and involvement, opportunity for reflection, degree of achievement of the objectives, and time management.
Dislocation Bias Calculations in Metals Using a Combined Finite-Element Rate-Theory Approach
Authors: Seif Dariush , Ghoniem Nasr M.
Published: February 2013

Void swelling in metals exposed to neutron irradiation has long been known to be enhanced by the preferential absorption of interstitials, rather than vacancies, to dislocations. A common measure of this preference is called the dislocation bias factor and is computed from the ratio of capture efficiencies of dislocations to interstitials and vacancies. Whereas the absorption of interstitials will lead to dislocation climb, the excess vacancies will form voids over time and lead to excessive swelling in the material. In this study, a combined finite-element method (FEM) rate-theory (RT) approach is used to calculate dislocation bias factors in four model bcc (iron, tungsten) and fcc materials (copper, nickel). The flux of point defects to the dislocation core in the model results from the drift term in the diffusion equation. This drift term is a function of the spatially dependent interaction energy between the point defect and the dislocation. One major advantage of this model is the ability to resolve the complex and spatially dependent diffusion pathways of point defects near the dislocation core. Using a previously developed atomistic continuum coupling method, the interaction energies are computed as the inner product between the dipole tensor of the point defect and the strain tensor caused by the dislocation. The bias factors obtained using these methods are compared directly to numerically and analytically obtained values from previous studies and the discrepancies elucidated. The dependence of the bias factors on temperature, dislocation density, and damage dose rate are examined.
Cholic acid for hepatic steatosis in patients with lipodystrophy: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Ahmad Zahid , Subramanyam Lalitha , Szczepaniak Lidia , Simha Vinaya , Adams-Huet Beverley , Garg Abhimanyu
Published: February 2013

Objective

Hepatic steatosis is a common complication in patients with lipodystrophies and can lead to cirrhosis. There is no proven effective therapy for hepatic steatosis, but cholic acid (CA), a farnesoid X receptor agonist, has previously been shown to reduce hepatic triglyceride (TG) content in mice and serum TG in humans. Our objective was to assess clinical efficacy and tolerability of CA therapy in patients with lipodystrophy and hepatic steatosis.

Design

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Methods

Eighteen patients with genetic or autoimmune lipodystrophies and elevated hepatic TG content participated in the study. The intervention was CA (15 mg/kg per day) compared with placebo for a period of 6 months each. Hepatic TG content, the primary outcome variable, was measured with1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy at baseline and at 3 and 6 months during each study period. Levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and TG were secondary end points of the study.

Results

Compared with placebo, CA did not reduce (median (interquartile range) hepatic TG content (14.8% (9.4–19.0%) vs 15.9% (10.5–26.5%) respectively;P=0.42) or serum TG ((340 mg/dl (233–433 mg/dl) vs 390 mg/dl (233–595 mg/dl) respectively;P=0.45)). CA therapy also did not change AST, ALT, or GGT levels. Two patients developed diarrhea and excessive flatus while taking CA and these symptoms resolved after reducing the dose of CA.

Conclusion

CA was well tolerated but did not reduce hepatic TG content in patients with lipodystrophy.
Familial myasthenia gravis: report of four cases
Authors: Assis José Lamartine de , Scaff Milberto
Published: February 2013

Two pairs of siblings with myasthenia gravis, belonging to two different families, are reported. This is the only record of familial myasthenia during the past twenty years, in a total of 145 patients seen at the Neurological Clinic of the São Paulo Medical School. In spite of the fact that myasthenia gravis does not show hereditary characteristics, the peculiar features of the four cases justify the present report. The two pairs of siblings were born from non myasthenic nor consanguineous parents. The disease started at birth showing bilateral partial eyelid ptosis in all patients. The course of the illness has been favorable. There was no thymoma.
Valor do estudo citogenetico no transexualismo
Authors: Saldanha P. H. , Olazábal Luiza Campos
Published: February 2013

O transexualismo é caracterizado como uma entidade psiquiátrica, distinta do homossexualismo e travestismo, revendo-se suas manifestações sindrômicas. Discutem-se as duas principais causas etiológicas plausíveis do transexualismo, a saber: a hipótese psicoanalítica fundamentada na regressão psicossexual com estampagem da figura materna e o modelo neuro-endócrino que pressupõe alterações nos centros de identidade sexual do hipotámo. Com base nesta última explicação propõe-se, a exemplo do que parece ocorrer na síndrome de Morris, cujas células (XY) não respondem ao efeito masculinizante da testosterona plasmática, que os transexuais devem possuir mosaicismo detectável ou críptico, quanto aos cromossomos sexuais, nos centros hipotalâmicos de identidade sexual que não respondem à secreção androgênica produzida pela gônada primitiva. Esta possibilidade explicaria a excessiva prevalência da síndrome entre homens, bem como a sua manifestação com feições típicas no sexo masculino e ainda a ocorrência esporádica da síndrome. O estudo citogenético revelou que a frequência (32%) de mosaicismo quanto aos cromossomos sexuais em 25 transexuais é estatisticamente superior aos valores observados em 14 homossexuais e 40 controles normais, nos quais a proporção de mosaicismo é praticamente nula. Considera-se a possibilidade do critério cariotípico constituir valioso subsídio na diagnose da síndrome.
Discussão genetico-clinica sobre a Síndrome de Apert: a propósito de um caso
Authors: Gonçalves Aguinaldo , Silva Jeová Barros da
Published: February 2013

Após breve introdução sobre a síndrome de Apert, é relatado um caso clínico, sendo destacada a conduta genético-clínica. A discussão revela como os aspectos genéticos envolvidos orientam o raciocínio clínico.
Comparação entre as manifestações epilepticas ocorridas na Sindrome de Lennox-Gastaut, com e sem Sindrome de West pregressa
Authors: Speciali José Geraldo , Lison Michel Pierre
Published: February 2013

Estudou-se o quadro epiléptico de 27 pacientes com síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut (20 sem antecedente de síndrome de West e 7 com esse antecedente). A caracterização das crises foi realizada através das informações prestadas pelos familiares em maior contato com as crianças além da observação pessoal das manifestações, possibilitadas pela sua elevada frequência. Observam-se diferenças nas manifestações epilépticas dos pacientes com e sem antecedente de síndrome de West. Tais diferenças foram minudenciadas e permitiram a individualização de dois grupos de pacientes com ponta-onda lenta. As peculiaridades clínicas de cada grupo foram interpretadas em função do estadio de maturação cerebral durante o qual incidiu a encefalopatia epiléptica difusa.
Aneurisma micotico de origem extra-vascular
Authors: Ferreira Nelson Pires , Teixeira José Leonardo Camino
Published: February 2013

É relatado o caso de uma paciente com três anos de idade portadora de oftalmoplegia completa unilateral e aneurisma da artéria carótida interna, em sua porção intra-cavernosa. A etiologia infecciosa extra-vascular, na vigência de tromboflebite de seio cavernoso, foi considerada. As informações da literatura são discutidas, sendo comentada a infrequência da patologia. A indicação de ligadura da artéria carótida interna, no tratamento desses aneurismas, merece ulterior comprovação.
Aspectos ultrassonográficos associados à morbidade de formas clínicas crônicas de esquistossomose mansônica, utilizando-se protocolo proposto pela Organização Mundial da Saúde
Authors: Fernandes Daniel Alvarenga , Chagas Anny Caroline Porto , Jesus Amélia Ribeiro de , França Alex Vianey Callado , Lima Frederico Santana de , Silva Ângela Maria da , Godinho Atilano Salvador , Franco Karine Garcez Schuster
Published: February 2013

OBJETIVO: Avaliar aspectos ultrassonográficos associados à morbidade em pacientes com formas clínicas crônicas de esquistossomose mansônica, utilizando-se protocolo proposto pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas duas populações distintas: a) área endêmica e b) institucional terciária, com histopatológico confirmando fibrose. Critérios de inclusão: diagnóstico confirmado por parasitológico de fezes para Schistosoma mansoni (método Kato-Katz). Critérios de exclusão: sorologia positiva para HIV, HTLV-1, VHB ou VHC. Foi utilizado protocolo ultrassonográfico de Niamey, proposto pela OMS. RESULTADOS: Avaliando-se isoladamente as medidas dos espaços periportais, estas se mostraram sem alterações em 21% dos indivíduos com doença avançada da instituição terciária. Utilizando-se todos os parâmetros do protocolo, 100% dos indivíduos da instituição terciária, com forma grave da doença, apresentaram fibrose periportal avançada. Em pacientes hepatoesplênicos da área endêmica não se identificou fibrose à ultrassonografia. CONCLUSÃO: O protocolo ultrassonográfico proposto pela OMS detecta fibrose periportal avançada nos pacientes com forma grave da doença, com maior sensibilidade do que a medida do espaço periportal isoladamente. A complexidade de identificação das fases iniciais da fibrose periportal, em áreas endêmicas, pela ultrassonografia, pode suscitar o campo da complementação diagnóstica e a continuidade do aprimoramento dos protocolos ultrassonográficos nestas áreas.
Endobronchial valves in severe emphysematous patients: CT evaluation of lung fissures completeness, treatment radiological response and quantitative emphysema analysis
Authors: Koenigkam-Santos Marcel , Paula Wagner Diniz de , Gompelmann Daniela , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Heussel Claus Peter , Puderbach Michael
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lung fissures completeness, post-treatment radiological response and quantitative CT analysis (QCTA) in a population of severe emphysematous patients submitted to endobronchial valves (EBV) implantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multi-detectors CT exams of 29 patients were studied, using thin-section low dose protocol without contrast. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed all images in consensus; fissures completeness was estimated in 5% increments and post-EBV radiological response (target lobe atelectasis/volume loss) was evaluated. QCTA was performed in pre and post-treatment scans using a fully automated software. RESULTS: CT response was present in 16/29 patients. In the negative CT response group, all 13 patients presented incomplete fissures, and mean oblique fissures completeness was 72.8%, against 88.3% in the other group. QCTA most significant results showed a reduced post-treatment total lung volume (LV) (mean 542 ml), reduced EBV-submitted LV (700 ml) and reduced emphysema volume (331.4 ml) in the positive response group, which also showed improved functional tests. CONCLUSION: EBV benefit is most likely in patients who have complete interlobar fissures and develop lobar atelectasis. In patients with no radiological response we observed a higher prevalence of incomplete fissures and a greater degree of incompleteness. The fully automated QCTA detected the post-treatment alterations, especially in the treated lung analysis.
Anomalias congênitas do trato urinário superior: novas imagens das mesmas doenças
Authors: Maranhão Carol Pontes de Miranda , Miranda Christiana Maia Nobre Rocha de , Santos Carla Jotta Justo dos , Farias Lucas de Pádua Gomes de , Padilha Igor Gomes
Published: February 2013

As anomalias congênitas do trato urinário superior implicam modificações morfofuncionais com espectro clínico variável, desde manifestações assintomáticas até falência renal e incompatibilidade com a vida. A tomografia computadorizada, além de ter superado o método de imagem da urografia excretora, tem desempenhado papel fundamental no diagnóstico das anomalias congênitas, orientando melhor nas decisões terapêuticas clínicas e cirúrgicas, além de atuar como ferramenta essencial na identificação de complicações associadas e no melhor desempenho de técnicas operatórias menos invasivas.
Diagnóstico diferencial das lesões inflamatórias e infecciosas do cone medular utilizando a ressonância magnética
Authors: Carvalho Gustavo Balthazar da Silveira , Sandim Gabriel Barbosa , Tibana Luis Antônio Tobaru , Tertulino Franklin Freitas , Idagawa Marcos Hideki , Abdala Nitamar
Published: February 2013

O cone medular é frequentemente acometido por lesões de etiologia inflamatória e infecciosa, muitas vezes de difícil diferenciação devido a história clínica e exame físico semelhantes entre as diversas entidades. A ressonância magnética apresenta alta sensibilidade na detecção de lesões no cone medular e tem importante papel no diagnóstico e controle evolutivo. Este ensaio iconográfico com casos selecionados dos arquivos do nosso serviço tem como objetivo demonstrar achados de imagem que possam auxiliar no diagnóstico de uma etiologia específica entre as doenças inflamatórias e infecciosas e na diferenciação com doenças de outras etiologias como neoplasias e causas vasculares. Características como padrão de realce, presença de cistos, edema, além do acometimento de outras regiões do sistema nervoso central são importantes para esta diferenciação, podendo definir uma etiologia específica quando associadas ao quadro clínico e laboratorial.
Violência urbana, insegurança e medo: da necessidade de estratégias coletivas
Authors: Rosa Edinete Maria , Souza Lídio de , Oliveira Daniela Moraes de , Coelho Bianca Izoton
Published: February 2013

A pesquisa objetivou conhecer as estratégias de combate à violência urbana propostas por moradores de um bairro situado em uma região metropolitana brasileira. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas realizadas com nove moradores que residiam no bairro, por pelo menos dez anos, orientadas por um roteiro semiestruturado e também por meio de um seminário promovido pelos pesquisadores com a participação de catorze moradores. As informações obtidas foram sistematizadas através de análise de conteúdo e revelaram a existência de sentimentos de medo e insegurança bem como a predominância de estratégias individuais para o combate à violência no bairro. Além disso, verificou-se que a participação coletiva mobilizada pelos problemas enfrentados pelos moradores é frágil e necessita ser estimulada visando à construção de soluções mais duradouras, preservando-se a utilização dos espaços públicos por todos e o estado de direito.
Desafios da gestão coletiva da atividade na docência universitária
Authors: Nascimento Elvia Lane Araújo do , Vieira Sarita Brazão , Araújo Anísio José da Silva
Published: February 2013

Este artigo objetiva analisar questões relativas à gestão coletiva da atividade docente no curso de Medicina de uma instituição federal de ensino superior, evidenciadas pela avaliação externa realizada pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC), e seu referencial teórico baseia-se nas abordagens da ergonomia e da psicodinâmica do trabalho. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo do qual participaram dez docentes, oito homens e duas mulheres, de um total de cento e quarenta e nove existentes no curso de Medicina. O critério que serviu de base à composição desse grupo de pesquisa foi ter participado do processo de avaliação do curso de Medicina. Este estudo cumpriu as exigências éticas pertinentes à investigação que envolve seres humanos e sua estratégia metodológica combinou a realização de entrevistas não diretivas, gravadas sob autorização dos entrevistados, com a análise documental de relatórios de avaliação. Os resultados apontaram um engajamento profissional aquém do desejado em atividades de pesquisa e extensão e uma organização do trabalho que dificulta a consolidação dos coletivos e a manutenção de laços de cooperação entre os docentes, aspectos fundamentais para a qualidade e a produtividade, com saúde e segurança no trabalho.
A Psicologia no modelo atual de atenção em saúde mental
Authors: Cantele Juliana , Arpini Dorian Monica , Roso Adriane
Published: February 2013

O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a experiência dos profissionais da Psicologia dentro do atual modelo de atenção em saúde mental. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, com a utilização da técnica de entrevistas semiestruturadas, tendo como participantes sete psicólogos de três Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de uma cidade de porte médio do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo, e revelaram o impacto inicial vivenciado pelos profissionais, manifestado através dos sentimentos de medo, frustração e impotência. Os participantes evidenciaram a importância de um constante repensar da ação profissional, destacando a realização de capacitação quando da entrada do profissional no serviço e da supervisão clínico-institucional como recurso para qualificar a prática, e ressaltaram a importância de um trabalho em equipe e do olhar multiprofissional em relação ao usuário. Pode-se concluir que os profissionais da Psicologia têm um papel preponderante nas equipes que compõem os CAPS.
Formação em Psicologia no contexto das diretrizes curriculares nacionais: uma discussão sobre os cenários da prática em saúde
Authors: Poppe Andrea Regina Soares , Batista Sylvia Helena Souza da Silva
Published: February 2013

Este artigo analisa as contribuições que os cenários da prática em saúde, na graduação em Psicologia e na perspectiva das Novas Diretrizes Curriculares, oferecem à formação. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na perspectiva da pesquisa qualitativa e envolveu dois cursos de Psicologia em universidades situadas na Baixada Santista/SP. Utilizou-se para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa as técnicas de entrevista semiestruturada com 13 professores e 4 alunos, grupos focais com 14 alunos e análise documental dos projetos dos cursos, disponíveis online, para produção dos dados. No campo da análise de dados, privilegiou-se a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram que mudanças nas diretrizes curriculares para o curso de Psicologia foram consideradas positivas, com destaque para a inserção dos alunos em cenários da prática a partir dos primeiros anos e a possibilidade de cada instituição poder escolher as ênfases, e indicam, também, a necessidade do aprofundamento da discussão acerca de uma formação mais generalista bem como de uma prática psicológica mais pautada nos princípios do SUS. As análises empreendidas permitiram aproximar focos que ainda demandam aprofundamento e novas investigações, revelando a contemporaneidade do tema e sua complexidade no contexto não apenas das transformações no ensino da Psicologia como também das mudanças na educação superior do País.
Estendendo o conceito de cadência para o repertório pós-tonal
Authors: Corrêa Antenor Ferreira
Published: February 2013

Toma-se o conceito de cadência, tópico do campo da harmonia, com um duplo objetivo: refletir sobre o uso da terminologia musical, expondo certa falta de consenso observada entre autores brasileiros, e exemplificar a permanência do conceito de "cadência" no repertório pós-tonal. Inicia-se com uma revisão histórico/conceitual do tema, investigando como esse assunto é tratado em livros selecionados, seus pontos de contato e divergência, sugerindo, ao final, uma abordagem para a classificação das progressões acórdicas. A seguir, partindo desses entendimentos, intenta-se estender a ideia de função cadencial para o repertório não-tonal, exemplificada com progressões conclusivas e de artifícios de tonicização em obras do século XX.
Maria Sylvia Pinto: dos traços biográficos à sua importância para a canção de câmara brasileira
Authors: Pereira Marcus Vinícius Medeiros
Published: February 2013

O presente artigo apresenta traços biográficos da cantora, professora e folclorista Maria Sylvia Pinto. A pesquisa sobre Maria Sylvia Pinto integra dissertação de mestrado defendida pelo autor onde são analisadas canções da compositora Helza Camêu reunidas sobre o nome O Livro de Maria Sylvia. Apesar de ser uma "imortal", pois era membro da Academia Brasileira de Música, seu nome e seus feitos em prol da canção brasileira vêm sendo esquecidos com o passar do tempo, uma vez que não há nada sobre ela na Academia, a não ser duas fotografias, um recorte de seu obituário e um pequeno esboço de biografia no site www.abmusica.org.br, na internet. As notas biográficas aqui apresentadas baseiam-se nos relatos das personalidades que estiveram em contato com a cantora, em seu currículo, publicado no seu livro A canção de brasileira - da modinha à canção de câmara (PINTO, 1985), e em uma entrevista concedida por Maria Sylvia ao programa Música e Músicos do Brasil, da Rádio MEC, exibida em 28 de março de 1988 - gentilmente cedida pelos diretores desta rádio.
Sonetos de Amor de Adami, para flauta doce e piano: análise e performance
Authors: Cuervo Luciane
Published: February 2013

Este trabalho analisa e discute a construção da performance de Sonetos de Amor, obra de Felipe Kirst Adami para flauta doce e piano composta em 1999. A composição foi inspirada na obra poética Cien Sonetos de Amor de Pablo Neruda, tendo sido registrada no CD Sonetos de Amor e Morte, de Luciane Cuervo. Neste texto, a pesquisadora e intérprete reflete sobre o contexto da composição e de seu criador, bem como analisa a escrita idiomática para os instrumentos e a sua interpretação, buscando fornecer subsídios para futuros intérpretes e compositores interessados nesta formação instrumental. O artigo está organizado em quatro partes, analogamente aos quatro movimentos da obra: Manhã, Meio-Dia, Tarde, Noite.
O Melos e Harmonia Acústica (1988) de César Guerra-Peixe, Koellreutter e Hindemith: similaridades e princípios básicos
Authors: Hartmann Ernesto
Published: February 2013

O Melos e Harmonia Acústica de César GUERRA-PEIXE (1988) apresenta um compêndio da atividade didática deste compositor expresso em forma de apostila. O presente trabalho busca traçar as possíveis influências comparando-o ao Caderno de Estudos com Koellreutter do próprio GUERRA-PEIXE (1944) e ao The Craft of Musical Composition de Paul HINDEMITH (1937), visando compreender melhor os pressupostos técnicos e teóricos.
Simbologia e hereditariedade na formação de uma Grundgestalt: a primeira das Quatro Canções Op.2 de Berg
Authors: Almada Carlos de Lemos
Published: February 2013

Integrando um amplo projeto de pesquisa que visa elaborar uma metodologia analítica específica para os procedimentos de variação progressiva, o presente estudo examina a possibilidade de existência de, por assim dizer, transmissão hereditária (extraopus) na construção da ideia primordial (ou Grundgestalt) de uma peça musical. Para isso, é analisada a primeira das Quatro Canções op.2, de Alban Berg, cuja Grundgestalt apresenta-se como um complexo formado por várias transformações de elementos-chave extraídos de três obras: Tristão e Isolda de Richard Wagner, a Primeira Sinfonia de Câmara op.9 de Arnold Schoenberg e a Sonata para Piano op.1, do próprio Berg.
Apontamentos retórico-musicais no Largo do Concerto n.5, BWV 1056, de Johann Sebastian Bach
Authors: Lanzoni Pablo Alberto
Published: February 2013

O presente artigo discute a análise retórica do Largo do Concerto n.5 em Fá menor, BWV 1056 de Johann Sebastian Bach. No primeiro momento, é apresentada uma revisão dos princípios retóricos e de como eles se transportam à música. A seguir, é proposta uma análise do movimento mencionado, partindo da discussão já exposta. O exercício analítico exemplifica como os princípios retóricos estão intimamente relacionados à música do período barroco.
Development of a combined VHM loading apparatus for a geotechnical drum centrifuge
Authors: Zhang Youhu , Bienen Britta , Cassidy Mark J.
Published: February 2013

Foundations, especially those for offshore structures, are often subjected to combined vertical (V), horizontal (H) and moment (M) loading conditions. Experimental studies of foundation behaviour under complex combined loading are normally limited to laboratory testing at unit gravity. Only a few studies have been performed at enhanced gravities in a geotechnical centrifuge owing to difficulties in the design of actuators with independent control of movements in three degrees-of-freedom. In this paper, a combined VHM loading apparatus, with independent control of the in-plane vertical, horizontal and rotational movements is reported. Test results that measure the size and shape of the combined VHM yield surface of a spudcan footing of a mobile jack-up platform in soft clay illustrate the capabilities of the new apparatus.
Investigating psychological factors of behavioural intention of urban residents in South Australia to use treated stormwater for non-potable purposes
Authors: Wu Zhifang , Hemphill Elizabeth , McKay Jennifer , Keremane Ganesh
Published: February 2013

This paper reports on the intentions of urban residents in two South Australian Local Government Areas (LGAs) (council areas) to use stormwater treated through a managed aquifer recharge process for various potential non-potable uses. Data were collected through an online survey of the residents in these LGAs. The key finding is that, in common with recycled sewage water, the intention to use treated stormwater was lower for uses having closer contact with people. A hypothesized model consisting of possible factors influencing the intention to use treated stormwater was developed based on the contemporary literature relating to usage of treated sewage water. Greater trust in the local water authority was shown to be associated directly and closely with a lower perceived health risk. A positive attitude by respondents to the use of treated stormwater (as an aspect of a sustainable future) was found to be more likely to result in an intention to use the treated stormwater for non-potable purposes. Respondents' perceived health risk, emotions and environmental concerns all had significant associations with their attitudes to using stormwater but were not associated with their intention to use it.
Patterns of treatment, healthcare utilization and costs by lines of therapy in metastatic breast cancer in a large insured US population
Authors: Ray Saurabh , Bonthapally Vijayveer , McMorrow Donna , Bonafede Machaon , Landsman-Blumberg Pamela
Published: February 2013

Aim:
Metastatic breast cancer guidelines contain multiple lines of treatment and regimens; however, little data on therapeutic patterns and costs is available from real-world clinical practice. This descriptive study reports chemotherapy and biologic use, healthcare utilization and costs by line of therapy in a large insured US population.
Materials & methods:
Adult women with newly diagnosed metastatic breast cancer (between 2005 and 2009) were identified from MarketScan® databases containing medical and pharmacy claims of >40 million enrollees insured with >100 US health plans. Descriptive statistics were reported for use, duration and mean per patient per month costs across four lines of therapy.
Results:
Out of 7767 patients identified (mean [standard deviation] age = 58.2 [12] years), ≥50% received a subsequent line of therapy across the four lines (line 2: n = 4077; line 3: n = 2033; line four: n = 1059). The top two chemotherapies were paclitaxel and capecitabine in lines one and two, and paclitaxel and gemcitabine in lines three and four. The top two biologics were trastuzumab and bevacizumab across the multiple lines of treatments. Duration (mean, standard deviation and median days) varied across multiple lines of treatments: 162.7, 176.9 and 108.0 in line one; 147.5, 146.7 and 99.0 in line two; 139.9, 131.1 and 99.0 in line three; and 130.9, 123.4 and 94.0 in line four, respectively. Mean per patient per month costs decreased with increasing follow-up from US$13,147 (<6 months) to US$11,610 (7–12 months) to US$10,219 (12–24 months) to US$9,192 (24–36 months) to US$7,384 (>36 months). Cumulative costs increased with follow-up, from US$78,882 (<6 months) to US$443,062 (>36 months).
Conclusion:
Longer follow-up, regardless of number of lines of therapy, was associated with higher cumulative, but lower monthly, costs. Delaying progression and improving survival with more individualized treatment regimens may help slow the rate of increasing long-term costs of metastatic breast cancer treatment and care.
The impact of mammography screening on breast cancer incidence
Authors: Voogd Adri C
Published: February 2013

Evaluation of: Bleyer A, Welch HG. Effect of three decades of screening mammography on breast-cancer incidence.
N. Engl. J. Med.
377, 1998–2005 (2012)

. Mammography screening must advance the time of diagnosis of breast cancer to be able to reduce the rate of death from breast cancer. This article examined the temporal effects of mammography on the stage-specific incidence of breast cancer in the USA from 1976 through to 2008. Despite substantial increases in the number of cases of early-stage breast cancer, only a marginal reduction was observed in the number of cases presenting with late-stage breast cancer. These results provide convincing evidence that mammography screening entails a substantial risk of detecting tumors that would not have become symptomatic during a woman’s lifetime if no screening had taken place. To improve the effectiveness of screening mammography, more knowledge is needed on the natural history of breast cancer, especially the risk of progression from in situ to invasive breast cancer.
An Experimental Investigation of the Interactions among Intentions, Reciprocity, and Control
Authors: Christ Margaret H.
Published: February 2013

Prior academic research finds that formal controls can cause employees to engage in dysfunctional behaviors (e.g., decreased effort, fraud, or theft). This study investigates one specific aspect of formal control that contributes to employees' negative reactions—employees' beliefs about management's intentions signaled by the control. I use two interactive experiments to examine the effects on employee effort and firm profit of: (1) employees' beliefs regarding management's intentions when implementing control (i.e., perceived intentionality), and (2) employees' preferences for reciprocity. Consistent with prior literature, I find that formal control can cause employees to exert low effort, resulting in reduced firm profit. However, I find that the adverse consequences only occur when management clearly imposes the control and, therefore, employees interpret it as a signal of distrust. Further, employees respond negatively to controls that are unambiguously imposed by managers, even when managers have entrusted them with a large amount of resources. Thus, when employees are faced with simultaneous, conflicting signals regarding managers' trust, the distrust signaled by the control crowds out employees' positive reciprocity. Alternatively, when managers' intentions for imposing control are ambiguous or clearly do not signal distrust (i.e., it is exogenously imposed), the control does not cause such negative effects. I find that all of the observed effects persist over time. In supplemental analysis, I also find that managers accurately predict that employees' response to formal control is influenced by their beliefs regarding management's intentions, and entrust fewer resources to employees when they have imposed the control than when it is imposed exogenously. The results of this study suggest that organizations should carefully consider employees' beliefs about management's intentions when implementing formal controls, because these beliefs influence employee behavior.
Combination Treatment With Anti-CD20 and Oral Anti-CD3 Prevents and Reverses Autoimmune Diabetes
Authors: Hu Changyun , Ding Heyuan , Zhang Xiaojun , Wong F. Susan , Wen Li
Published: February 2013

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T cell–mediated autoimmune disease, although B cells also play an important role in T1D development. Both T cell– and B cell–directed immunotherapies have shown efficacy in the prevention and reversal of T1D. However, whether the combined strategy of targeting both T and B cells could further improve therapeutic efficacy remains to be explored. We show that combined treatment with intravenous antihuman CD20 (hCD20) and oral anti-CD3 significantly delays diabetes development in prediabetic hCD20 transgenic NOD mice. More importantly, the combined treatment reverses diabetes in >60% of mice newly diagnosed with diabetes. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that the addition of oral anti-CD3 to the B-cell depletion therapy synergistically enhances the suppressive function of regulatory T cells. Of note, the oral anti-CD3 treatment induced a fraction of interleukin (IL)-10–producing CD4 T cells in the small intestine through IL-10– and IL-27–producing dendritic cells. Thus, the findings demonstrate that combining anti-CD20 and oral anti-CD3 is superior to anti-CD20 monotherapy for restoring normoglycemia in diabetic NOD mice, providing important preclinical evidence for the optimization of B cell–directed therapy for T1D.
Impact of Garden-Based Learning on Academic Outcomes in Schools
Authors: Williams Dilafruz R. , Dixon P. Scott
Published: February 2013

What is the impact of garden-based learning on academic outcomes in schools? To address this question, findings across 152 articles (1990–2010) were analyzed resulting in 48 studies that met the inclusion criteria for this synthesis. A review template with operational coding framework was developed. The synthesis results showed a preponderance of positive impacts on direct academic outcomes with the highest positive impact for science followed by math and language arts. Indirect academic outcomes were also measured with social development surfacing most frequently and positively. These results were consistent across programs, student samples, and school types and within the disparate research methodologies used. However, a common issue was lack of research rigor as there were troubling issues with incomplete descriptions of methodological procedures in general and sampling techniques and validity in particular. Recommendations for more systematic and rigorous research are provided to parallel the growing garden-based education movement.
Antecedents of Employees’ Involvement in Work-Related Learning
Authors: Kyndt Eva , Baert Herman
Published: February 2013

Involvement in work-related learning seems to be more complex than a simple supply–demand fit. An interplay of several factors can influence this involvement at different stages of the decision-making process of the employee. The aim of this systematic review is to examine which antecedents of work-related learning have been identified in previous research. In total, 56 studies met the criteria for inclusion. In the current study, we describe how work-related learning was measured and what the empirically observed relationship is between learning intention and actual participation in work-related learning. The results show a positive relationship between intention and participation. A learning intention is most related to the attitude, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and career-related variables of the employee. Important predictors of actual participation in work-related learning are firm size, initial level of education and self-efficacy of the employee, support by managers, and opportunities within the organization.
Relationship between Freeway Flow Parameters and Safety and Its Implications for Hard Shoulder Running
Authors: Kononov Jake , Hersey Steven , Reeves David , Allery Bryan K.
Published: February 2013

Decisions to run traffic on freeway shoulders during peak periods are motivated by the need to relieve congestion. Practicing traffic engineers generally believe that the decreased congestion resulting from running traffic on hard shoulders (i.e., hard shoulder running) is associated with some unspecified degree of improved safety, yet the majority of researchers agree that accident rates increase as the number of lanes increase, even if full shoulders are provided. Despite many years of modern road building, these conflicting views have not been reconciled. This paper first examines the relationship of traffic flow parameters, such as volume, density, and speed, to safety with calibrated performance functions of corridor-specific safety. On the basis of an understanding of this relationship, a possible explanation of the effect on safety of hard shoulder running is formulated. Empirical examination of the relationship of flow, density, and speed to the crash rate on selected freeways in Colorado suggests that as flow increases, the crash rate initially remains constant until a certain critical threshold combination of speed and density is reached. Once this threshold is exceeded, the crash rate rises rapidly. This rapid rise in crash rate may be caused by an increase in density without a notable reduction in speed and the resultant small headways that make it difficult or impossible for drivers to compensate for error. This model suggests that during hard shoulder running, crash rates decline because of the lower traffic volume or density per lane and that the safety benefits of a reduced volume or density per lane outweigh the adverse effects of the lack of provision of a full shoulder.