bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Continuing Current Waveforms and M‐Component Parameters in Triggered Lightning
Authors: Cai Li , Hu Qiang , Zhou Mi , Tian Ruixin , Su Rui , Fan Yadong , Wang Jianguo
Published: November 2022

Based on directly measured triggered lightning currents, the characteristics of 70 continuing current (CC) waveforms and 106 M‐component waveforms were analyzed. The durations of CC without M‐component are all less than 10 ms, which are significantly less than those of CCs with M‐components. The first M‐component always appears at no more than 4 ms after the return stroke. The characteristics of the superimposed M‐components will be different for CC of different durations. The M‐components superimposed on CCs with duration greater than 10 ms are 3–4 times larger in terms of risetime, half‐peak width, duration, and transfer charge than that superimposed on CCs with duration less than 10 ms. The time difference (TD) between the peak electric field and the peak current of the M‐component is affected by both the continuing current level (ICC) and the magnitude of the M‐component (IM). TD and ICC (or IM) will not be large at the same time. The duration of a CC following a return stroke with a peak current greater than 21.2 kA will not exceed 46.0 ms.
Water Affordability in the United States
Authors: Cardoso Diego S. , Wichman Casey J.
Published: November 2022

In the US, the cost of water and wastewater services is rising three‐times faster than inflation. Over the next 20–25 years, required investments in water infrastructure are estimated to exceed $1 trillion, further increasing service costs. Combined with stagnating income levels, especially for poor households, increased costs will likely aggravate water affordability issues. Here, we document the extent of water affordability concerns in the US across income, geography, and race. We find that 10% of households face water affordability concerns, defined as expenditures on essential water and sewer services greater than 4.5% of annual household income. Households in the lowest income decile pay on average 6.8% of their annual income on water and sewer service. Our estimates are based on a large‐scale data set on water and sewer rates matched with Census block‐group‐level socioeconomic characteristics and covering approximately 45% of the US population. We demonstrate that using median household income at the county level drastically understates the extent of the water affordability problem. Additionally, we find that the number of households facing affordability concerns is positively associated with the proportion of black residents and negatively associated with Hispanic residents even after conditioning on prices and poverty levels. Lastly, we show that self‐sufficient water affordability policies that provide a lump‐sum rebate to low‐income households and are paid for by income taxes redistribute the burden borne by low‐income customers with fewer unintended consequences for non‐essential consumption than policies that change marginal incentives for water and sewer consumption.
A Pore‐Throat Segmentation Method Based on Local Hydraulic Resistance Equivalence for Pore‐Network Modeling
Authors: Liu Yang , Gong Wenbo , Zhao Yu , Jin Xu , Wang Moran
Published: November 2022

The pore network is an approximate representation of the void space of porous materials, such as rocks and soil, via pores (corresponding to large cavities) and throats (narrow constrictions). During extraction of networks from real void space, ambiguous definitions or determinations of pores and throats may cause significant errors in the prediction of single/multi‐phase transport properties. Meanwhile, the pore‐throat segmentation needs to exclude non‐physical parameters as much as possible. In this work, we propose a pore‐throat segmentation method based on local hydraulic resistance equivalence between the real void space and the simplified pore‐throat geometry. Each pore‐throat interface is carefully determined at the position where the simplified tubes preserve the local hydraulic resistance of the real space best. This local segmentation method ensures equivalency between extracted pore network and real pore space without any empirical or non‐physical parameters. After validations of accuracy and reliability by benchmarks, this method is applied to real porous materials including spherical pack, sand pack, sandstone, limestone, and carbonate. The single/two‐phase transport properties predicted by the new method agree well with the experimental data and the direct simulation results. The proposed method improves the accuracy of pore network model (PNM) predictions significantly with a slight increase in computational cost. This local pore‐throat segmentation method may enhance the capability of PNM for more complicated applications.
Organic manures and inorganic fertilizers effects on soil properties and economic analysis under cassava cultivation in the southern Cameroon
Authors: Bilong Eloi Gervais , Abossolo-Angue Monique , Nanganoa Lawrence Tatanah , Anaba Bienvenu Désiré , Ajebesone Francis Ngome , Madong Birang À. , Bilong Paul
Published: November 2022

Cassava cultivation causes serious soil fertility depletion in southern Cameroon due to high mining of soil nutrients by the crop. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Tithonia diversifolia fresh biomass (TB), poultry manure (PM) and inorganic fertilizers (IF) on soil properties, cassava yield, and the economic returns. The treatments consisted of two rates of TB (10 and 20 t ha−1), two rates of PM (10 and 20 t ha−1), two rates of combined TB and PM (5 and 10 t ha−1), a single rate of inorganic fertilizers (100 N:22P:83 K kg ha−1) and a control. The results showed that soil properties, soil quality index and cassava yield were significantly improved by the application of the organic manures. Tithonia diversifolia fresh biomass (TB) and poultry manure (PM) lowered the soil bulk density, increased soil total porosity, water holding capacity and chemical properties. TB and PM, solely or mixed, improved the aerial dry biomass (ADB) and fresh tuber yield (FTY) of cassava. The organic manures performed better than inorganic fertilizer. The highest yield (51 and 52 t ha−1 of fresh tubers) was obtained with the mixture of TB and PM applied at 10 t ha−1 each for the successive years. Positive and significant correlation was found between SQI and cassava yield. TB and PM combined at 10 t ha−1 each was the most profitable and cost-effective treatment, with a good benefit:cost ratio of 3.2:1 and net return of FCFA 3.736.900 ha−1. Thus, the use of Tithonia diversifolia fresh biomass and poultry manure is a sustainable method for cassava production in the southern Cameroon.
Ecofriendly and low-cost bio adsorbent for efficient removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution
Authors: Radoor Sabarish , Karayil Jasila , Jayakumar Aswathy , Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar , Lee Jaewoo , Siengchin Suchart
Published: November 2022

A novel bio adsorbent was fabricated from turmeric, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose for MB dye removal. The physicochemical, antibacterial and biodegradable nature of the film was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, universal testing machine, water contact angle, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, agar disc diffusion method and soil degradability. The inclusion of turmeric into PVA/CMC film improves the biodegradability, antibacterial activity and thermomechanical property of the films. PVA/CMC/TUR film displayed good MB adsorption capacity (qe: 6.27 mg/g) and maximum dye adsorption (R%; 83%) and was achieved at initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L with contact time 170 min at room temperature. The adsorption data of MB on PVA/CMC/TUR film was evaluated using four models Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R isotherms. The different kinetic of adsorption (pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion model) was also applied for adsorption of MB on the films. The experimental result suggests that PVA/CMC/TUR films are an alternate cheap adsorbent for water treatment.
Behavior of snow monkeys hunting fish to survive winter
Authors: Takenaka Masaki , Hayashi Kosuke , Yamada Genki , Ogura Takayuki , Ito Mone , Milner Alexander M. , Tojo Koji
Published: November 2022

Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata, of Kamikochi in the Japanese Alps endure one of the coldest and harshest environments during winter when scarcity of food puts them at risk. However, various behaviors have evolved to mitigate potential mortality. These macaques typically eat bamboo leaves and the bark of woody plants in winter, but our previous study using the feces of Japanese macaques collected in the winter and DNA metabarcoding analysis revealed conclusively for the first time consumption of riverine benthos and brown trout. In this paper, we investigate how Japanese macaques hunt fish and collect these riverine biota by extensively observing their behavior, including the use of infrared sensor cameras. Many researchers have tracked Japanese macaques as part of behavioral and ecological studies, but previously the techniques by which Japanese macaques capture swimming fish has not been documented. Herein, for the first time we consider how novel macaque foraging behavior traits have evolved to secure valuable animal protein for winter survival when food resources are scarce.
Impact of chitin nanofibers and nanocrystals from waste shrimp shells on mechanical properties, setting time, and late-age hydration of mortar
Authors: Haider Md. Mostofa , Jian Guoqing , Li Hui , Miller Quin R. S. , Wolcott Michael , Fernandez Carlos , Nassiri Somayeh
Published: November 2022

Every year ~ 6–8 million tonnes of shrimp, crab, and lobster shell wastes are generated, requiring costly disposal procedures. In this study, the chitin content of shrimp shell waste was oxidized to produce chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) and mechanically fibrillated to obtain chitin nanofibers (ChNF) and evaluated as additives for mortar. ChNF (0.075 wt%) and ChNC (0.05 wt%) retarded the final setting time by 50 and 30 min, likely through cement dispersion by electrostatic repulsion. ChNF (0.05 wt%) with a larger aspect ratio than ChNC resulted in the greatest improved flexural strength and fracture energy by 24% and 28%. Elastic modulus increased by up to 91% and 43% with ChNC and ChNF. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed ChNF (0.05 wt%) enhanced calcium–silicate–hydrate structure with a 41% higher degree of polymerization, 9% more silicate chain length, and a 15% higher degree of hydration at 28 days. Based on the findings, chitin seems a viable biomass source for powerful structural nanofibers and nanocrystals for cementitious systems to divert seafood waste from landfills or the sea.
Self-expansion is positively associated with Fitbit-measured daily steps across 4-weeks
Authors: Xu Xiaomeng , Tupy Samantha , Sharp Julia L. , Miller Ashley L. , Correll Danielle , Nigg Claudio R.
Published: November 2022

The growth of the self-concept through increasing perspectives, identities, resources, and efficacy is known as self-expansion and typically involves novelty, challenge, interest, and/or excitement. Self-expansion is positively associated with health factors including self-reported physical activity (PA). This study is the first to investigate self-expansion and daily PA, and with a PA monitor. Fifty community participants completed baseline questionnaires, wore a Fitbit One and completed daily self-report questionnaires for 28 days, and completed follow-up questionnaires. Daily surveys included questions about both general and PA-specific self-expansion. Across the 4 weeks, steps taken was positively correlated with both general (all maximum likelihood r = 0.17) and PA-specific self-expansion (maximum likelihood rs of 0.15 and 0.16), and PA-specific self-expansion was positively correlated (maximum likelihood rs of 0.38 and 0.50) with aerobic activity. Future research should investigate this relationship in a larger more diverse sample and test whether PA-specific self-expansion can be utilized as an acceptable, feasible, and effective intervention to increase daily steps and other forms of PA.
Reduced graphene oxide supported MXene based metal oxide ternary composite electrodes for non-enzymatic glucose sensor applications
Authors: Gopal Tamil Selvi , Alzahrani Khalid E. , Assaifan Abdulaziz K. , Albrithen Hamad , Alodhayb Abdullah , Muthuramamoorthy Muthumareeswaran , Pandiaraj Saravanan , Grace Andrews Nirmala
Published: November 2022

Diagnosis and monitoring of glucose level in human blood has become a prime necessity to avoid health risk and to cater this, a sensor’s performance with wide linearity range and high sensitivity is required. This work reports the use of ternary composite viz. MG–Cu2O (rGO supported MXene sheet with Cu2O) for non-enzymatic sensing of glucose. It has been prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized with X-ray powder diffraction, Ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Raman spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, High resolution transmission electron microscopy and Selected area diffraction. These analyses show a cubic structure with spherical shaped Cu2O grown on the MG sheet. Further, the electrocatalytic activity was carried out with MG–Cu2O sensing element by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry technique and compared with M–Cu2O (MXene with Cu2O) composite without graphene oxide. Of these, MG–Cu2O composite was having the high defect density with lower crystalline size of Cu2O, which might enhance the conductivity thereby increasing the electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose as compared to M–Cu2O. The prepared MG–Cu2O composite shows a sensitivity of 126.6 µAmM−1 cm−2with a wide linear range of 0.01to 30 mM, good selectivity, good stability over 30 days and shows a low Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) of 1.7% value towards the sensing of glucose level in human serum. Thus, the aforementioned finding indicates that the prepared sensing electrode is a well suitable candidate for the sensing of glucose level for real time applications.
GLUT4 translocation and dispersal operate in multiple cell types and are negatively correlated with cell size in adipocytes
Authors: Koester Anna M. , Geiser Angéline , Bowman Peter R. T. , van de Linde Sebastian , Gadegaard Nikolaj , Bryant Nia J. , Gould Gwyn W.
Published: November 2022

The regulated translocation of the glucose transporter, GLUT4, to the surface of adipocytes and muscle is a key action of insulin. This is underpinned by the delivery and fusion of GLUT4-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane. Recent studies have revealed that a further action of insulin is to mediate the dispersal of GLUT4 molecules away from the site of GLUT4 vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane. Although shown in adipocytes, whether insulin-stimulated dispersal occurs in other cells and/or is exhibited by other proteins remains a matter of debate. Here we show that insulin stimulates GLUT4 dispersal in the plasma membrane of adipocytes, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and HeLa cells, suggesting that this phenomenon is specific to GLUT4 expressed in all cell types. By contrast, insulin-stimulated dispersal of TfR was not observed in HeLa cells, suggesting that the mechanism may be unique to GLUT4. Consistent with dispersal being an important physiological mechanism, we observed that insulin-stimulated GLUT4 dispersal is reduced under conditions of insulin resistance. Adipocytes of different sizes have been shown to exhibit distinct metabolic properties: larger adipocytes exhibit reduced insulin-stimulated glucose transport compared to smaller cells. Here we show that both GLUT4 delivery to the plasma membrane and GLUT4 dispersal are reduced in larger adipocytes, supporting the hypothesis that larger adipocytes are refractory to insulin challenge compared to their smaller counterparts, even within a supposedly homogeneous population of cells.
Intramolecular hydroamination catalysed by gold nanoparticles deposited on fibrillated cellulose
Authors: Uetake Yuta , Suwattananuruk Butsaratip , Sakurai Hidehiro
Published: November 2022

Gold nanoparticles stabilised by fibrillated citric acid-modified cellulose (Au:F-CAC) catalyse the intramolecular cycloamination of amines to unactivated alkenes under an aerobic atmosphere to afford pyrrolidine derivatives. Only 0.2 mol% of Au loading is required to complete the reaction. The high sensitivity of the Au:F-CAC catalyst to the substitution pattern of alkenes allows a unique chemoselective cycloamination, affording new compounds.
Brain structural parameters correlate with University Selection Test outcomes in Chilean high school graduates
Authors: Ivanovic Daniza , Zamorano Francisco , Soto-Icaza Patricia , Rojas Tatiana , Larraín Cristián , Silva Claudio , Almagià Atilio , Bustamante Claudia , Arancibia Violeta , Villagrán Francisca , Valenzuela Rodrigo , Barrera Cynthia , Billeke Pablo
Published: November 2022

How well students learn and perform in academic contexts is a focus of interest for the students, their families, and the entire educational system. Although evidence has shown that several neurobiological factors are involved in scholastic achievement (SA), specific brain measures associated with academic outcomes and whether such associations are independent of other factors remain unclear. This study attempts to identify the relationship between brain structural parameters, and the Chilean national University Selection Test (PSU) results in high school graduates within a multidimensional approach that considers socio-economic, intellectual, nutritional, and demographic variables. To this end, the brain morphology of a sample of 102 students who took the PSU test was estimated using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Anthropometric parameters, intellectual ability (IA), and socioeconomic status (SES) were also measured. The results revealed that, independently of sex, IA, gray matter volume, right inferior frontal gyrus thickness, and SES were significantly associated with SA. These findings highlight the role of nutrition, health, and socioeconomic variables in academic success.
Eddy covariance-based differences in net ecosystem productivity values and spatial patterns between naturally regenerating forests and planted forests in China
Authors: Zhu Xian-Jin , Fan Ren-Xue , Chen Zhi , Wang Qiu-Feng , Yu Gui-Rui
Published: November 2022

Net ecosystem productivity (NEP), the difference between gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER), is the basis of forest carbon sinks. Revealing NEP differences between naturally regenerating forests (NF) and planted forests (PF) can benefit for making carbon neutrality strategies. Based on 35 eddy covariance measurements in China, we analyzed NEP differences in values and spatial patterns between NF and PF. The results showed that NF had slightly lower NEP than PF, resulting from the high stand age (SA) and soil fertilizer, while their differences were not significant (p > 0.05). The increasing latitude decreased mean annual air temperature thus decreased GPP both in NF and PF. However, the higher SA and soil fertilizer in NF made most GPP release as ER thus induced no significant NEP spatial variation, while lower SA and soil fertilizer in PF made NEP spatially couple with GPP thus showed a decreasing latitudinal pattern. Therefore, stand characteristics determined the differences in NEP values but indirectly affected the differences in NEP spatial variations through altering GPP allocation. The decreasing latitudinal pattern of NEP in PF indicates a higher sequestration capacity in the PF of South China. Our results provide a basis for improving the forest carbon sequestration.
Impact of national holidays and weekends on incidence of acute type A aortic dissection repair
Authors: Oudin Anna , Bjursten Henrik , Oudin Åström Daniel , Nozohoor Shahab , Ahmad Khalil , Tang Mariann , Bjurbom Markus , Hansson Emma C. , Jeppsson Anders , Moeller Christian H. , Jormalainen Mikko , Juvonen Tatu , Mennander Ari , Olsen Peter S. , Olsson Christian , Ahlsson Anders , Pan Emily , Raivio Peter , Wickbom Anders , Sjögren Johan , Geirsson Arnar , Gudbjartsson Tomas , Zindovic Igor
Published: November 2022

Previous studies have demonstrated that environmental and temporal factors may affect the incidence of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Here, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis that national holidays and weekends influence the incidence of surgery for ATAAD. For the period 1st of January 2005 until 31st of December 2019, we investigated a hypothesised effect of (country-specific) national holidays and weekends on the frequency of 2995 surgical repairs for ATAAD at 10 Nordic cities included in the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) collaboration. Compared to other days, the number of ATAAD repairs were 29% (RR 0.71; 95% CI 0.54–0.94) lower on national holidays and 26% (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.68–0.82) lower on weekends. As day of week patterns of symptom duration were assessed and the primary analyses were adjusted for period of year, our findings suggest that the reduced surgical incidence on national holidays and weekends does not seem to correspond to seasonal effects or surgery being delayed and performed on regular working days.
Long-term, basin-scale salinity impacts from desalination in the Arabian/Persian Gulf
Authors: Paparella Francesco , D’Agostino Daniele , A. Burt John
Published: November 2022

The nations on the shoreline of the Arabian/Persian Gulf are the world’s largest users of desalination technologies, which are essential to meet their freshwater needs. Desalinated freshwater production is projected to rapidly increase in future decades. Thus, concerns have been raised that desalination activities may result in non-negligible long-term, basin-wide increases of salinity, which would have widespread detrimental effects on the Gulf marine ecosystems, with ripple effects on fisheries, as well as impacting the desalination activities themselves. We find that current yearly desalinated freshwater production amounts to about 2% of the net yearly evaporation from the Gulf. Projections to 2050 bring this value to 8%, leading to the possibility that, later in the second half of the century, desalinated freshwater production may exceed 10% of net evaporation, an amount which is comparable to interannual fluctuations in net evaporation. With the help of a model we examine several climatological scenarios, and we find that, under IPCC’s SSP5-8.5 worst-case scenarios, end-of-century increases in air temperature may result in salinity increases comparable or larger to those produced by desalination activities. The same scenario suggests a reduced evaporation and an increased precipitation, which would have a mitigating effect. Finally we find that, owing to a strong overturning circulation, high-salinity waters are quickly flushed through the Strait of Hormuz. Thus, even in the worst-case scenarios, basin-scale salinity increases are unlikely to exceed 1 psu, and, under less extreme hypothesis, will likely remain well below 0.5 psu, levels that have negligible environmental implications at the basin-wide scale.
Handgrip strength effectiveness and optimal measurement timing for predicting functional outcomes of a geriatric hip fracture
Authors: Han Jeongae , Kim Chul-Ho , Kim Ji Wan
Published: November 2022

Handgrip strength (HGS) now draws attention as one of the predictors of outcomes following geriatric hip fracture; however, its effectiveness and the optimal time to assess HGS remain unknown. Herein, we aimed to determine the usefulness of HGS in predicting the outcomes of geriatric hip fracture and to find the most effective time to measure HGS in both the low muscle strength and normal hip fracture groups. The study was performed prospectively for 79 geriatric hip fracture patients. HGS was measured during the admission period and the one-week postoperative period. Walking ability and quality of life were assessed using Koval scores and the European Quality of Life Five Dimension (EQ-5D) scale at the admission period and postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. The relationship between pre/postoperative HGS and functional outcomes was assessed, and the functional score between the “low muscle strength” and “normal muscle strength” groups was compared. The association between HGS asymmetry and low strength with functional limitations was determined. For the preoperative HGS, the Koval score showed a significant relationship in the postoperative 6-month (r = −0.295, P = 0.008) and 12-month (r = −0.266, P = 0.019) periods; also, the EQ-5D score showed a significant relationship in the postoperative 6-month and 12-month periods (r = 0.344, P < 0.001, and r = 0.386, P = 0.001, respectively). For the postoperative HGS, the Koval score showed a significant relationship in the 6-month (r = −0.432, P < 0.001) and 12-month (r = −0.344, P = 0.002) postoperative periods. Also, the EQ-5D score showed a significant relationship in the 3-month (r = 0.340, P = 0.010), 6-month (r = 0.476, P < 0.001), and 12-month (r = 0.471, P < 0.001) postoperative periods. The incidence of preoperative and postoperative low HGS was 78.5% and 70.9%, respectively. The “low-strength” group had poor Koval scores and EQ-5D at postoperative month 12 and poor functional outcomes earlier in the follow-up (postoperative 6- and 12-month Koval scores and postoperative 3-, 6-, and 12-month EQ-5D), respectively (P = 0.008 and P = 0.003; P = 0.003, P = 0.001, and P = 0.001). The effect of HGS asymmetry and low strength on functional limitations remained undetermined. Both preoperative and postoperative HGS reflected functional outcomes of patients with hip fracture during the 12-month follow-up. Postoperative HGS had a higher prognostic value than preoperative HGS.
Memory for own actions in parrots
Authors: Torres Ortiz Sara , Smeele Simeon Q. , Champenois Juliette , von Bayern Auguste M. P.
Published: November 2022

The ability to recall one’s past actions is a crucial prerequisite for mental self-representation and episodic memory. We studied whether blue-throated macaws, a social macaw species, can remember their previous actions. The parrots were trained to repeat four previously learned actions upon command. Test sessions included repeat trials, double repeat trials and trials without repeat intermixed to test if the parrots repeated correctly, only when requested and not relying on a representation of the last behavioral command. Following their success, the parrots also received sessions with increasing time delays preceding the repeat command and successfully mastered 12–15 s delays. The parrots successfully transferred the repeat command spontaneously at first trial to three newly trained behaviors they had never repeated before, and also succeeded in a second trial intermixed with already trained actions (untrained repeat tests). This corroborates that successful repeating is not just an artifact of intense training but that blue-throated macaws can transfer the abstract “repeat rule” to untrained action. It also implies that an important aspect of self-representation has evolved in this avian group and might be adaptive, which is consistent with the complex socio-ecological environment of parrots and previous demonstrations of their complex cognition.
A programmable catalytic molecular nanomachine for highly sensitive protein and small molecule detection
Authors: Li Na , Li Minhui , Li Mei
Published: November 2022

A programmable catalytic molecular nanomachine for the one-step highly sensitive detection of proteins and small molecules has been developed.
Investigation of the performance of cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid) as efficient adsorbents in SPE columns for simultaneous preconcentration of tricyclic antidepressants in water samples
Authors: Teixeira Tarley César Ricardo , Gorla Felipe Augusto , Midori de Oliveira Fernanda , Nascentes Clésia Cristina , Ferreira Milena do Prado , Ferreira da Costa Marcello , Segatelli Mariana Gava
Published: November 2022

An SPE-based procedure for simultaneous preconcentration of tricyclic antidepressants was developed. Two organic polymers were used as adsorbent materials which showed high sensitivity.
Scanning ion-conductance microscopy technique for studying the topography and mechanical properties of Candida parapsilosis yeast microorganisms
Authors: Savin Nikita , Erofeev Alexander , Kolmogorov Vasilii , Salikhov Sergey , Efremov Yuri , Timashev Peter , Grammatikova Natalia , Levshin Igor , Edwards Christopher , Korchev Yuri , Gorelkin Petr
Published: November 2022

Super-resolution microscopy is widely used in the development of novel antimicrobial testing in vitro.
Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy of Pd nanoparticles decorated on multi-walled carbon nanotubes during successive cycles of He/H2 exposure
Authors: Reyhani A. , Mortazavi S. Z. , Taherkhani A. , Mohammadi M. R. , Mehrabi M. , Parvin P.
Published: November 2022

Pd K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the MWCNTs decorated by Pd NPs via various techniques is carried out via heating/cooling processes under He/H2 exposure. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is applied to support the finding.
Solvent-free synthesis of FAU zeolite from coal fly ash
Authors: Liu Pei , Wu Qinming , Yan Keping , Wang Liang , Xiao Feng-Shou
Published: November 2022

FAU zeolite could be successfully synthesized from coal fly ash (CFA) under solvent-free conditions, and it shows excellent CO2 adsorption capacity and even better Ca2+ and Mg2+ ion exchange capacity.
Environmental chemistry response of beryllium to diverse soil-solution conditions at a waste disposal site
Authors: Islam Md. Rashidul , Sanderson Peter , Johansen Mathew P. , Payne Timothy E. , Naidu Ravi
Published: November 2022

Different soil–water conditions regulate sorption–desorption phenomena of beryllium at a legacy waste disposal site.
Versatile, facile and low-cost single-cell isolation, culture and sequencing by optical tweezer-assisted pool-screening
Authors: Xu Teng , Li Yuandong , Han Xiao , Kan Lingyan , Ren Jing , Sun Luyang , Diao Zhidian , Ji Yuetong , Zhu Pengfei , Xu Jian , Ma Bo
Published: November 2022

An optical tweezer-assisted pool-screening and single-cell isolation system is established for precise, indexed isolation of individual cells, with features of versatility, facileness, flexibility, modularized design, and low cost.
CoFeP/NC@CoP/Ni2P heterostructure for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Fu Ruru , Jiao Qingze , Yang Chao , Jiao Xiaoguang , Zhang Xiaoguang , Feng Caihong , Li Hansheng , Zhang Yaoyuan , Zhao Yun
Published: November 2022

By growing NiCo-Pre on the surface of CoFe-PBA and further phosphating, we prepared CoFeP/NC@CoP/Ni2P with excellent activities for water splitting.
Fluorinated [2]rotaxanes with spirofluorene motifs: a non-symmetric distribution of the ring component along the axle component
Authors: Rashid Showkat , Murakami Takashi , Koganezawa Hiroshi , Yoshigoe Yusuke , Hosoya Shoichi , Saito Shinichi
Published: November 2022

The distribution of the ring component in [2]rotaxanes was modulated by the introduction of a less symmetric spiro ring.
A multi-stimuli-responsive CsPbBr3@PL-MOF functional anti-counterfeiting material
Authors: Li Yanli , Li Huijun , Xu Zhouqing
Published: November 2022

A new composite material CsPbBr3@HPU-22 was prepared, which showed multi-stimulus-responsive luminescence tuning behavior upon H2O and HCl/Et3N stimulation.
One-pot reductive etherification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into biofuel (2,5-bis(propoxymethyl) furan (BPMF)) using mixed catalyst ZrO(OH)2and Zr-Hβ
Authors: Rana Srujal P. , Rana Paresh H.
Published: November 2022

A mixed catalyst (ZrO(OH)2+ Zr-Hβ) is highly selective for the one-pot reductive etherification of 5-HMF to BPMF using sacrificial alcohol under mild conditions.
Retraction: Cell membrane based biomimetic nanocomposites for targeted therapy of drug resistant EGFR-mutated lung cancer
Authors: Wu Pengying , Yin Dongtao , Liu Jiaming , Zhou Huige , Guo Mengyu , Liu Jing , Liu Yang , Wang Xiaobing , Liu Ying , Chen Chunying
Published: November 2022

Retraction of ‘Cell membrane based biomimetic nanocomposites for targeted therapy of drug resistant EGFR-mutated lung cancer’ by Pengying Wu et al., Nanoscale, 2019, 11, 19520–19528, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NR05791A.
Genetic encoding of isobutyryl-, isovaleryl-, and β-hydroxybutryl-lysine in E. coli
Authors: Christopher Jayani A. , Galbada Liyanage Sahan A. , Nicholson Eve M. , Kinney William D. , Cropp T. Ashton
Published: November 2022

Here we report the synthesis and genetic encoding of the lysine post translational modifications, β-hydroxybutyryl-lysine, isobutyryl-lysine and isovaleryl-lysine.
Microstructure and high frequency electromagnetic parameters of the soft/soft (CoFe2O4)x : (Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4)y nanocomposites
Authors: Trukhanov Alex V. , Almessiere Munirah A. , Baykal Abdulhadi , Slimani Yassine , Trukhanova Ekaterina L. , Tishkevich Daria I. , Podgornaya Svetlana V. , Kaniukov Egor , Trukhanov Sergei V.
Published: November 2022

The soft/soft (CoFe2O4)x : (Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4)y (CFOx/NCZOy) nanocomposites (NCs) based on spinel ferrites were produced by the sol–gel method with varying phase's ratio (x : y = 0 : 1; 1 : 1; 2 : 1; 3 : 1; 1 : 3; 1 : 2 and 1 : 0).
The interfacial and assembly properties of in situ producing silica nanoparticle at oil–water interface
Authors: Hu Zhongliang , Zhang Hongxing , Wen Dongsheng
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we investigated the interfacial and assembly properties of in situ producing SiO2 NPs at oil–water interface, specifically on how the IFT changes as the reaction proceeded, and how produced particles assemble at the interface.
Equilibrium states corresponding to targeted hyperuniform nonequilibrium pair statistics
Authors: Wang Haina , Torquato Salvatore
Published: November 2022

Pair statistics of nonequilibrium models with the exotic hyperuniformity property can be achieved by equilibrium states with one- and two-body potentials.
A solid-state Matryoshka doll-like microwave method for one-step rapid synthesis of composites of NiSe2 and nitrogen-doped porous carbon for sodium storage
Authors: Zheng Yayun , Kong Xirui , He Lang , Song Yi , Zhao Yan
Published: November 2022

A facile solid-state Matryoshka-doll-like microwave strategy is developed to synthesize the composites of NiSe2 and N–C in just 20 minutes. The microwave functionalized NiSe2/N–C SIB anode displays an excellent cycling stability (2000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1).
Boosting organic room-temperature phosphorescence performance through joint luminescence sensitization
Authors: Yuan Jie , Li Zecai , Chen Jie , Qi Yuanyuan , Li Ping , Yu Tian , Tao Ye , Chen Runfeng
Published: November 2022

Boosting organic room-temperature phosphorescence performance through luminescence sensitization involving multi-step energy transfer.
A matching‐based context‐aware relay assignment scheme with power control in ad‐hoc wireless networks
Authors: Amini Tooran , Abouei Jamshid
Published: November 2022

In this paper, an emergency ad‐hoc network based on cognitive radio is considered. It is assumed that secondary users (SUs) are moving agents in which some fixed agents namely distributed relays (DRs), forward the data gathered by SUs to destination. The main goal is to maximize the capacity of data gathering in destination with respect to the maximum interference tolerable by primary users (PU), and SU's and DR's power constraints. A mixed‐integer nonlinear model (MINLP) for joint relay assignment and power allocation is shown. Given that MINLP problems are NP‐Hard, a two interdependent solutions are proposed to achieve the relay assignment and power control. A social‐aware dynamic relay assignment algorithm (SADRA) based on many‐to‐one matching is proposed. In this matching, the preference list of DRs is the result of mean opinion scores ranking that two roulette wheel selection and random walk selection techniques are applied to eliminate the same priorities. In the second phase, a greedy adaptive algorithm for non‐convex power allocation problem that converges to the component‐wise minimal power is proposed. It is shown that the SADRA algorithm converges to a two‐sided exchange stable matching. The superior performance of the proposed SADRA algorithm is verified by the simulation results.
A novel transient directional pilot protection principle based on sequential overlapping derivative transform for AC transmission lines
Authors: Wang Bingran , Wang Zengping , Wang Zhaochen , Wang Tong
Published: November 2022

The access of large‐scale renewable energy and power electronic equipment to the power grid makes the power source and short‐circuit paths possess time‐varying characteristics when faults occur, which has a serious impact on the traditional protection based on power frequency components. Besides, higher requirements are needed for relay protection in the power grid. The transient fault current contains a large amount of fault information. First, the bus capacitance has a strong reflection effect on the high frequency signal, and there are obvious differences in the high frequency component of the fault current of internal and external faults. Next, a transient quantity algorithm based on sequential overlapping derivative transform is introduced. The algorithm can effectively suppress the low frequency component and enhance the high frequency component in the current, which simply and effectively highlights the difference between the transient current of internal and external faults. Finally, through the ratio of high frequency energy of each outgoing line, the fault direction can be accurately determined, and the transient directional pilot protection can be formed. The accuracy of the protection scheme is verified by a large number of simulation experiments.
VSC‐MTDC system integrity protection scheme: Backup protection based on virtual traveling wave power
Authors: Zou Hongsen , Xiang Zheng , Shang Weiping
Published: November 2022

Flexible DC technology is widely used in long‐distance and large‐capacity transmission and plays a very important role in realizing the optimal allocation of cross‐regional power resources. However, the protection technology of flexible DC systems is not yet mature. The current differential protection is susceptible to the influence of distributed capacitance, which reduces the reliability of the backup protection of the voltage source converter‐based multi‐terminal DC (VSC‐MTDC) system. To enhance the reliability of DC protection, a new scheme based on virtual traveling active wave power is proposed. First, the concept of virtual traveling wave power is innovatively proposed. Subsequently, the fault characteristics and calculation method of the virtual traveling wave power are provided. Accordingly, a protection scheme based on virtual traveling wave power is proposed and the overall process is given. Finally, a typical VSC‐MTDC system is used to verify the reliability of the scheme.
Evaluation of a calibration technique in measuring partial discharges inside mineral oils with a high‐frequency current transformer (HFCT) sensor: A case study
Authors: Besharatifard Hamidreza , Hasanzadeh Saeed , Muyeen S M , Kamwa Innocent
Published: November 2022

Partial discharge is one of the main reasons for insulation degradation in high‐voltage apparatuses. Partial discharge is an ineluctable phenomenon that happens when a high electrical field is adjacent to an insulator. High‐frequency current transformers are widely used for detecting partial discharge current in high‐voltage equipment. Determination of the apparent charge in pico coulombs is essential for having a common understanding of results and verifying that the measuring system can obtain specified partial discharge magnitude correctly. To this end, a high‐frequency current transformer sensor and a partial discharge calibrator have been prepared to measure the current of the partial discharge (PD) pulses inside mineral oil. The constructed PD calibrator has been evaluated. The high‐frequency current transformer (HFCT) sensor has been simulated using a mathematical model‐based AC analysis and has been characterized and then calibrated using a calibration technique to measure the apparent charge of the PD pulses. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the HFCT sensor and the proposed calibration method.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of type U radio bursts: a novel remote sensing approach for coronal loops
Authors: Mancuso S. , Barghini D. , Bemporad A. , Telloni D. , Gardiol D. , Frassati F. , Bizzarri I. , Taricco C.
Published: November 2022

Type U radio bursts are impulsive coherent radio emissions produced by the Sun that indicate the presence of subrelativistic electron beams propagating along magnetic loops in the solar corona. In this work, we present the analysis of a type U radio burst that was exceptionally imaged on 2011 March 22 by the Nançay Radioheliograph (NRH) at three different frequencies (298.7, 327.0, and 360.8 MHz). Using a novel modelling approach, we show for the first time that the use of high-resolution radio heliograph images of type U radio bursts can be sufficient to both accurately reconstruct the 3D morphology of coronal loops (without recurring to triangulation techniques) and to fully constrain their physical parameters. At the same time, we can obtain unique information on the dynamics of the accelerated electron beams, which provides important clues as to the plasma mechanisms involved in their acceleration and as to why type U radio bursts are not observed as frequently as type III radio bursts. We finally present plausible explanations for a problematic aspect related to the apparent lack of association between the modeled loop as inferred from radio images and the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) structures observed from space in the same coronal region.
Consumers’ behavior analysis of vegetable e-commerce using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach in Jabodetabek
Authors: Dian Pitaloka Atika , Dyah Perwita Atika , Saptana
Published: November 2022

Vegetable e-commerce is a vegetable shopping tool that provides convenience and comfort, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. People do not need to leave their homes to meet their needs so they can avoid exposure to the Covid-19 virus. This study aims to determine the behavior of using e-commerce vegetables in Jabodetabek through perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitudes, formulate managerial implications and marketing strategies to increase consumers repurchase intentions. This study uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) test with LISREL. The results showed that perceived usefulness and attitude were significantly influenced by perceived ease of use; perceived benefits have no significant effect on repurchase intention, but perceived benefits have a significant effect on attitudes; and consumers' intention to make repeat purchases are directly influenced by attitudes. The managerial implication that vegetable entrepreneurs can do is to continue implementing strategies that can increase positive attitudes toward consumers so that vegetable e-commerce is easier to use and provides benefits according to consumer expectations. The 4C approach (co-creation, currency, communal activation, and conversation) can be applied to develop positive consumer attitudes.
Effectiveness of Red Chilli Auction Markets in the Production Center of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Susanawati  , Murti Nugroho Wisnu , Akhmadi Heri
Published: November 2022

This study aims to describe the auction market mechanism for red chili in Indonesia’s production hub of Yogyakarta and assess its efficacy. This study’s location was determined in Kulonprogo Regency, a red chili-producing hub in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. There were seven auction markets in Kulonprogo Regency, of which three were selected for operating at the time of the study and were located in Panjatan District. This study was conducted in 2021, with a sample of 50 red chili farmers, who were active participants in three red chili auction markets. In addition to red chili producers, three auction market administrators were interviewed for this study. The data were analyzed descriptively using images and tables. The red chili auction market mechanism began with farmers delivering red chilies, followed by gross weighing, sorting and grading, net weighing, the auction process, the announcement of auction winners, packaging, transportation, payment, and distribution of sales results. The effectiveness of the red chili auction markets in the Yogyakarta production center was rated as high for three indicators: auction market output, auction market flexibility, and the presence or absence of tension in the auction markets.
Performance of watermelon farming on coastal land in terms of the entrepreneurial character of the farmers
Authors: Buddhi Satyarini Triwara , Wulandari Retno
Published: November 2022

Coastal land is marginal land for farming, but due to the decreasing number of agricultural lands, it is widely used for farming. The research was conducted in Panjatan District, Kulonprogo. This study aimed to know farm performance, describe the entrepreneurial character of farmers, and analyze the relationship between farm performance and the entrepreneurial character of watermelon farmers on coastal land. Respondents in this study were 40 farmers who cultivated watermelon on coastal land and were taken using the census method. Data were collected by interviewing farmers with a questionnaire. To analyze the entrepreneurial character using descriptive analysis based on data scoring from the Likert scale. Farming performance was measured using income and profit. Then, the Spearman Rank correlation was used to determine the relationship between farming performance and the entrepreneurial character of watermelon farmers. The results showed that the entrepreneurial character of the coastal land watermelon farmers was included in the strong category with a percentage score of 69%. Watermelon farming on coastal land during the planting season in February 2020 earned an income of IDR. 12,537,957 and a profit of IDR. 9,723,343 so that farming is feasible. Farming performance positively correlates with the entrepreneurial character of watermelon farmers on coastal land in Panjatan District.
Mapping of Orange Supply Chain Diversification in Japan
Authors: Dina Rizkina Fitriana , Kasamatsu Hiroki , Matsuoka Atsushi , Takenouchi Naruhito , Nurdiana Widjayanti Fefi
Published: November 2022

Oranges are the dominant agricultural product for Ehime Prefecture, Japan, and farmers can enjoy optimal added value from their production. One of the government's motives for boosting Japanese agriculture is agricultural diversification, which is a form of value chain restructuring aimed at increasing sustainability in the value chain. The purpose of the study is to map the value chain in Ehime Prefecture, Japan and to understand the characteristics of actors in the chain and its development potential. This research used a qualitative approach through interviews for data collection. The results showed that the actors involved in the value chain were farmers, farmer groups, private companies, retail, cooperatives, and Japanese Agriculture (JA). By integrating some components of the supply chain, farmers might become much more engaged. For decades, Japan Agricultural Cooperatives (JA) have been a vital part of the Japanese agricultural supply chain. By integrating some components of the chain, farmers might become considerably more engaged and profitable. For decades, JA has been a vital part of the Japanese agricultural supply chain, resulting in challenges such as demand-supply mismatches. To address these difficulties, the agricultural diversification recommendation was presented to encourage new value chain integration and restructure the supply chain.