bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charge transport of F4TCNQ with different electronic states in single-molecule junctions
Authors: Tang Ajun , Li Yunpeng , Wang Rui , Yang Jiawei , Ma Chaoqi , Li Zhi , Zou Qi , Li Hongxiang
Published: January 2023

The molecular conductance of F4TCNQ with different electronic states (neutral, radical anion, and dianion) was investigated. These states have distinct conductance, and neutral F4TCNQ is reduced to radical anions under a bias voltage of 100 mV.
Non-covalent interactions reveal the protein chainδconformation in a flexible single-residue model
Authors: Imani Zeynab , Mundlapati Venkateswara Rao , Brenner Valérie , Gloaguen Eric , Le Barbu-Debus Katia , Zehnacker-Rentien Anne , Robin Sylvie , Aitken David J. , Mons Michel
Published: January 2023

The elusiveδconformation is revealed in a single amino acid residue derivative, thanks to a supportive N–H⋯S hydrogen bond provided by a designer cyclic thioether architecture.
Correction: Phosphaacene as a structural analogue of thienoacenes for organic semiconductors
Authors: Matsuo Kyohei , Okumura Rina , Hayashi Hironobu , Aratani Naoki , Jinnai Seihou , Ie Yutaka , Saeki Akinori , Yamada Hiroko
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘Phosphaacene as a structural analogue of thienoacenes for organic semiconductors’ by Kyohei Matsuo et al., Chem. Commun., 2022, 58, 13576–13579, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CC05122B.
DFT computations combined with semiempirical modeling of variations with temperature of spectroscopic and magnetic properties of Gd3+-doped PbTiO3
Authors: Acikgoz Muhammed , Mollabashi Leila , Rahimi Shahrbano , Jalali-Asadabadi Saeid , Rudowicz Czesław
Published: January 2023

The rare-earth or 3d transition metal dopants in perovskites have potential to induce interesting features, thus opening opportunities for investigations and applications.
Investigating the factors that influence sacrificial hydrogen evolution activity for three structurally-related molecular photocatalysts: thermodynamic driving force, excited-state dynamics, and surface interaction with cocatalysts
Authors: Liu Tao , Chen Linjiang , Li Xiaobo , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: January 2023

Computational studies of molecular organic photocatalysts for water splitting, highlighting beneficial factors: a slow exciton recombination and a short charge transfer distance between the photocatalyst and the metal cocatalyst.
Bouncing dynamics of droplets on nanopillar-arrayed surfaces: the effect of impact position
Authors: Zhu Shengya , Ren Hongru , Li Xuhao , Xiao Ye , Li Chun
Published: January 2023

The impact position will affect the bouncing dynamics of droplets on the nanopillar-arrayed surfaces.
Dyads with tunable near-infrared donor–acceptor excited-state energy gaps: molecular design and Förster analysis for ultrafast energy transfer
Authors: Jing Haoyu , Magdaong Nikki Cecil M. , Diers James R. , Kirmaier Christine , Bocian David F. , Holten Dewey , Lindsey Jonathan S.
Published: January 2023

Nine dyads composed of bacteriochlorins were prepared to investigate excited-state energy transfer (FRET) processes.
18-valence-electron rule lighted planar tetracoordinate carbon and nitrogen: the global energy minima of CAl4Zn and NAl4Zn+
Authors: Jia Xiu-dong , Du Zhi-wei
Published: January 2023

The exploration of planar hypercoordinate carbon (phC) is challenging and significant.
Combining ab initio and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to predict the complex refractive indices of organic polymers
Authors: Wang Chengchao , Li Xiaoning , Liu Linhua
Published: January 2023

This study introduces a theoretical protocol to accurately predict the complex refractive indices of organic polymers in the 0–5000 cm−1 region for guiding the discovery and design of high-refractive index materials.
Transition metalides based on facially polarized all-cis-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane – a new class of high performance second order nonlinear optical materials
Authors: Ahsan Faiza , Ayub Khurshid
Published: January 2023

The extremely high nonlinear optical response of transition metalide (brown) complexes, where an alkali metal (purple) is used as a source of excess electrons.
Unravelling the role of dopants in the electrocatalytic activity of ceria towards CO2 reduction in solid oxide electrolysis cells
Authors: Sala Elena Marzia , Mazzanti Nicola , Chiabrera Francesco M. , Sanna Simone , Mogensen Mogens B. , Hendriksen Peter V. , Ma Zhongtao , Simonsen Søren B. , Chatzichristodoulou Christodoulos
Published: January 2023

Towards the optimization of ceria (CeO2) as a highly efficient, durable, and cost-effective electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs).
Restriction of photoinduced electron transfer as a mechanism for the aggregation-induced emission of a trityl-functionalised maleimide fluorophore
Authors: Chi Weijie , Sun Ping-Ping
Published: January 2023

The restriction of the photoinduced electron transfer mechanism was proposed to rationalize the aggregation-induced emission of trityl-functionalised maleimide fluorophore.
Transformer-based deep learning method for optimizing ADMET properties of lead compounds
Authors: Yang Lijuan , Jin Chao , Yang Guanghui , Bing Zhitong , Huang Liang , Niu Yuzhen , Yang Lei
Published: January 2023

Safe and effective drugs require a favorable combination of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.
Engineering lactate-modulating nanomedicines for cancer therapy
Authors: Chen Jiajie , Zhu Yufang , Wu Chengtie , Shi Jianlin
Published: January 2023

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in engineering advanced nanomedicines featuring lactate-modulating capabilities for cancer therapy.
Noncancerous disease-targeting AIEgens
Authors: Duo Yanhong , Luo Guanghong , Zhang Wentao , Wang Renzhi , Xiao Gary Guishan , Li Zihuang , Li Xianming , Chen Meili , Yoon Juyoung , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: January 2023

Schematic diagram of noncancerous disease-targeting AIEgens.
Chitosan-derived carbon supported CoO combined with CdS facilitates visible light catalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Guo Peijing , Yuan Shaoyu , Guo Bingrong , Li Siwei , Gao Yongjun
Published: January 2023

A heterostructured photocatalyst CC-2-300 composed of a biomass chitosan-derived carbon material (CNC), CoO and CdS exhibits a remarkable reaction rate (10.60 mmol gcat−1 h−1) towards photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation.
Ring-opening yields and auto-oxidation rates of the resulting peroxy radicals from OH-oxidation of α-pinene and β-pinene
Authors: Lee Ben H. , Iyer Siddharth , Kurtén Theo , Varelas Jonathan G. , Luo Jingyi , Thomson Regan J. , Thornton Joel A.
Published: January 2023

Atmospheric oxidation of monoterpenes (C10H16) contributes to ambient particle number and mass concentrations due, in part, to the resulting peroxy radicals undergoing auto-oxidation to low-volatility highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs).
Use of an [EMIM][OAc]/GVL-based organic electrolyte solvent to engineer chitosan into a nanocomposite organic ionogel electrolyte for flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Sheng Hailiang , Zhu Antai , Zhang Lihua , Huang Jun , Yang Tongjun , Qin Shangdong , Zhang Fazhi , Xu Qinqin , Xie Haibo
Published: January 2023

Chitosan/nano-SiO2 nanocomposite organic ionogel electrolytes are fabricated for supercapacitors with flexibility, mechanical robustness, desirable capacitive performance and cycling stability over a wide working temperature range.
A novel strategy for quantitative analysis of the energy value of milk powdervialaser-induced breakdown spectroscopy coupled with machine learning and a genetic algorithm
Authors: Ding Yu , Chen Jing , Chen Wenjie , Wang Yufeng , Yang Linyu , Wei Zhong
Published: January 2023

The energy value of milk powder is an important indicator of its nutritional value, meaning it is of great significance to explore methods of quickly detecting this energy value.
Optofluidic imaging meets deep learning: from merging to emerging
Authors: Siu Dickson M. D. , Lee Kelvin C. M. , Chung Bob M. F. , Wong Justin S. J. , Zheng Guoan , Tsia Kevin K.
Published: January 2023

We discuss the recent trends in integrating deep-learning (DL) and optofluidic imaging. A holistic understanding of them could incentivize DL-powered optofluidic imaging for advancing a wide range of novel applications in science and biomedicine.
Facile synthesis of graphene quantum dots with red emission and high quantum yield
Authors: Jin Xin-Jian , Tan Long , Zhao Zhi-Qing , Li Meng-Chao , Zhou Qun-Yi , Zhang Jing-Jian , Lv Tong-Bao , Deng Qiang , Wang Jun , Zeng Zheling , Deng Shuguang , Dai Gui-Ping
Published: January 2023

Preparation of GQDs for application in cell imaging.
New nickel(ii) Schiff base complexes as potential tools against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron target proteins: an in silico approach
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Choudhary Mukesh
Published: January 2023

Herein, we report the in silico design and synthesis of two new nickel(ii) coordination complexes, based on Schiff bases derived from the 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde moiety.
MXene-based separators for redox-enhanced electric capacitors with a suppressed shuttle effect and self-discharge: the effect of MXene ageing
Authors: Han Qiankun , Yang Wei , Li Wenshi , Wu Maosheng , Yao Jing , Zhao Man , Lu Xianmao
Published: January 2023

The shuttle effect of redox-enhanced electric capacitors cannot be suppressed when MXene-based separators are subject to ageing.
Purifying single photon emission from giant shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots at room temperature
Authors: Morozov Sergii , Vezzoli Stefano , Myslovska Alina , Di Giacomo Alessio , Mortensen N. Asger , Moreels Iwan , Sapienza Riccardo
Published: January 2023

Single photon purity of an individual quantum dot is severely compromised by biexciton emission. Giant shell quantum dots are allowing for biexciton spectral separation with a long-pass filter improving single photon purity at room temperature.
Recent advances in 2D TMD circular photo-galvanic effects
Authors: Aftab Sikandar , Hegazy Hosameldin Helmy , Iqbal Muhammad Zahir
Published: January 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) layered semiconductors are appealing materials for high-specific-power photovoltaic systems due to their unique optoelectronic properties.
Substituting inert phosphate with redox-active silicate towards advanced polyanion-type cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Sun Ruimin , Dou Mingyue , Zhang Yuxiang , Chen Jingyu , Chen Yuhao , Han Bo , Xia Kaisheng , Gao Qiang , Liu Xiaoxiao , Cai Zhao , Zhou Chenggang
Published: January 2023

A redox-active anion substitution strategy is proposed to simultaneously improve the energy density and electronic conductivity of polyanion-type Na3V2(PO4)3cathode materials towards next-generation sodium-ion batteries.
Asymmetric fluorine and chlorine side-chain engineered quinoxaline-based D–A copolymer for both fullerene and nonfullerene polymer solar cells
Authors: Zhou Zhongxin , Wu Zhonglian , Xu Yongchuan , Lu Yingyi , Yang Jun , Zhu WeiGuo , Liu Yu
Published: January 2023

A novel copolymer donor (Qx) based quinoxaline with asymmetric side chains, namely PBDTTS-2FClQx, is synthesized. The PCE of optimized ternary OSC (PBDTTS-2FClQx:Y6:PC71BM = 1 : 0.9 : 0.1) is 13.59%, but binary PBDTTS-2FClQx:Y6 (12.41%).
Thermo-sensitive hydrogels for forward osmosis with NIR light-induced freshwater recovery
Authors: Xu Xiang , Li Haihui , Cheng Jiannan , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping
Published: January 2023

Croconaine dye-doped silica nanoparticles with excellent ability of photothermal conversion and photostability were used for the NIR light-driven water recovery of hydrogels in FO desalination just by simply turning on the light source.
Exploiting retro oxa-Michael chemistry in polymers
Authors: Ratzenböck Karin , Uher Johanna M. , Fischer Susanne M. , Edinger David , Schallert Viktor , Žagar Ema , Pahovnik David , Slugovc Christian
Published: January 2023

The dynamic nature of oxa-Michael derived bonds in polymers is studied in this work. Brønsted base catalysis allows for reprocessing polymer networks at temperatures around 140 °C.
Schwann cell-matrix coated PCL-MWCNT multifunctional nanofibrous scaffolds for neural regeneration
Authors: Al-Hadeethi Yas , Nagarajan Aishwarya , Hanuman Srividya , Mohammed Hiba , Vetekar Aakanksha M. , Thakur Goutam , Dinh Le N. M. , Yao Yin , Mkawi E. M. , Hussein Mahmoud Ali , Agarwal Vipul , Nune Manasa
Published: January 2023

Schwann cell-derived matrix coated scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration.
An efficient calcium-based sorbent for flue gas dry-desulfurization: promotion roles of nitrogen oxide and oxygen
Authors: Wang Kai-Qi , Gao Xian-Ming , Lin Bo , Hua Dong-Xu , Yan Yong , Zhao Hong-Yan , Xiao Wen-De
Published: January 2023

The development of sorbents for flue gas desulfurization in a dry mode is essential to control emission of sulfur dioxide.
Magnetically separable triazine-based Cu(ii)–vitamin B5 complex in nitromethane toward efficient heterogeneous cyanation reaction of aryl halides
Authors: Karimi Farzaneh , Jadidi Nejad Masoumeh , Salamatmanesh Arefe , Heydari Akbar
Published: January 2023

An efficient heterogeneous copper catalyst was developed by supporting copper acetate on magnetically separable triazine–vitamin B5. Its catalytic efficiency was evaluated in the cyanation of aryl halides with nitromethane as a non-toxic and cost-effective cyanating source.
Green synthesis of silica and silicon from agricultural residue sugarcane bagasse ash – a mini review
Authors: September Lyle A. , Kheswa Ntombizonke , Seroka Ntalane S. , Khotseng Lindiwe
Published: January 2023

The graphical abstract shows a schematic representation of bagasse being converted into an ash and subsequent to pre-treatment step and ultimately undergoing pyrolysis in a muffle furnace.
Efficiency improvement of semi-transparent perovskite solar cellsviacrystallinity enhancement
Authors: Yang Zhiqian , Niu Yunjuan , Zhang Xianxi , Zhang Zhengguo , Hu Linhua
Published: January 2023

The introduction of MAPbBr3changes variety of colloids serving as nucleation sites during crystallization, simultaneously improving the crystallinity of perovskite film and reducing the loss of photovoltaic performance caused by defects.
Heteroatomic interface engineering of an octahedron VSe2–ZrO2/C/MXene composite derived from a MXene-MOF hybrid as a superior-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Hanbin , Li Jinliang , Ma Liang , Zhang Xinlu , Li Junfeng , Li Jiabao , Lu Ting , Pan Likun
Published: January 2023

The VSe2–ZrO2/C/MXene composite derived from a MXene-MOF hybrid with excellent cycling stability and high reversible capacity exhibited satisfying lithium-ion storage performancedde.
A time-resolved and visualized host–guest self-assembly behavior controlled through kinetic trapping
Authors: Zhang Ying , Xu Zhuoran , Jiang Tao , Fu Yanyan , Ma Xiang
Published: January 2023

Developing visible approaches to real-time monitoring of kinetic traps within the thermodynamic equilibrium process is of great importance for fundamental research into dynamic supramolecular chemistry.
Divalent metal cofactors differentially modulate RadA-mediated strand invasion and exchange inSaccharolobus solfataricus
Authors: Knadler Corey J. , Graham V William J. , Rolfsmeier Michael L. , Haseltine Cynthia A.
Published: January 2023

Central to the universal process of recombination, RecA family proteins form nucleoprotein filaments to catalyze production of heteroduplex DNA between substrate ssDNAs and template dsDNAs. ATP binding assists the filament in assuming the necessary conformation for forming heteroduplex DNA, but hydrolysis is not required. ATP hydrolysis has two identified roles which are not universally conserved: promotion of filament dissociation and enhancing flexibility of the filament. In this work, we examine ATP utilization of the RecA family recombinase SsoRadA from Saccharolobus solfataricus to determine its function in recombinase-mediated heteroduplex DNA formation. Wild-type SsoRadA protein and two ATPase mutant proteins were evaluated for the effects of three divalent metal cofactors. We found that unlike other archaeal RadA proteins, SsoRadA-mediated strand exchange is not enhanced by Ca2+. Instead, the S. solfataricus recombinase can utilize Mn2+ to stimulate strand invasion and reduce ADP-binding stability. Additionally, reduction of SsoRadA ATPase activity by Walker Box mutation or cofactor alteration resulted in a loss of large, complete strand exchange products. Depletion of ADP was found to improve initial strand invasion but also led to a similar loss of large strand exchange events. Our results indicate that overall, SsoRadA is distinct in its use of divalent cofactors but its activity with Mn2+ shows similarity to human RAD51 protein with Ca2+.
Cigarette smoke induces mitochondrial DNA damage and activates cGAS-STING pathway: application to a biomarker for atherosclerosis
Authors: Ueda Keitaro , Sakai Chiemi , Ishida Takafumi , Morita Kosuke , Kobayashi Yusuke , Horikoshi Yasunori , Baba Akiko , Okazaki Yuma , Yoshizumi Masao , Tashiro Satoshi , Ishida Mari
Published: January 2023

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. We previously reported that DNA damage was accumulated in atherosclerotic plaque, and was increased in human mononuclear cells by smoking. As vascular endothelial cells are known to modulate inflammation, we investigated the mechanism by which smoking activates innate immunity in endothelial cells focusing on DNA damage. Furthermore, we sought to characterize the plasma level of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), a result of mitochondrial and/or genomic DNA damage, as a biomarker for atherosclerosis. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) increased DNA damage in the nucleus and mitochondria in human endothelial cells. Mitochondrial damage induced minority mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, which was insufficient for cell death but instead led to nuclear DNA damage. DNA fragments, derived from the nucleus and mitochondria, were accumulated in the cytosol, and caused a persistent increase in IL-6 mRNA expression via the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. cfDNA, quantified with quantitative PCR in culture medium was increased by CSE. Consistent with in vitro results, plasma mitochondrial cfDNA (mt-cfDNA) and nuclear cfDNA (n-cfDNA) were increased in young healthy smokers compared with age-matched nonsmokers. Additionally, both mt-cfDNA and n-cfDNA were significantly increased in patients with atherosclerosis compared with the normal controls. Our multivariate analysis revealed that only mt-cfDNA predicted the risk of atherosclerosis. In conclusion, accumulated cytosolic DNA caused by cigarette smoke and the resultant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway may be a mechanism of atherosclerosis development. The plasma level of mt-cfDNA, possibly as a result of DNA damage, may be a useful biomarker for atherosclerosis.
Increased β1-adrenergic receptor antibody confers a vulnerable substrate for atrial fibrillation via mediating Ca2+ mishandling and atrial fibrosis in active immunization rabbit models
Authors: Sun Huaxin , Song Jie , Li Kai , Li Yao , Shang Luxiang , Zhou Qina , Lu Yanmei , Zong Yazhen , He Xiuyuan , Kari Muzappar , Yang Hang , Zhou Xianhui , Zhang Ling , Tang Baopeng
Published: January 2023

Background: Autoimmune disorder is the emerging mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF). The β1-adrenergic receptor antibody (β1-AAb) is associated with AF progress. Our study aims to investigate whether β1-AAbs involves in atrial vulnerable substrate by mediating Ca2+ mishandling and atrial fibrosis in autoimmune associated AF. Methods: Active immunization models were established via subcutaneous injection of the second extracellular loop (ECL2) peptide for β1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR). Invasive electrophysiologic study and ex vivo optical mapping were used to evaluate the changed electrophysiology parameters and calcium handling properties. Phospho-proteomics combined with molecular biology assay were performed to identify the potential mechanisms of remodeled atrial substrate elicited by β1-AAbs. Exogenous β1-AAbs were used to induce the cellular phenotypes of HL-1 cells and atrial fibroblasts to AF propensity. Results: β1-AAbs aggravated the atrial electrical instability and atrial fibrosis. Bisoprolol alleviated the alterations of action potential duration (APD), Ca2+ transient duration (CaD), and conduction heterogeneity challenged by β1-AAbs. β1-AAbs prolonged calcium transient refractoriness and promoted arrhythmogenic atrial alternans and spatially discordant alternans, which were partly counteracted through blocking β1AR. Its underlying mechanisms are related to β1AR-drived CaMKII/RyR2 activation of atrial cardiomyocytes and the myofibroblasts phenotype formation of fibroblasts. Conclusion: Suppressing β1-AAbs effectively protects the atrial vulnerable substrate by ameliorating intracellular Ca2+ mishandling and atrial fibrosis, preventing the process of the autoimmune associated AF.
Speech Sound Development in 18-Month-Old Children With Sex Chromosome Trisomies
Authors: Capelli Elena , Silibello Gaia , Provera Alessandra , Dall’Ara Francesca , Ajmone Paola Francesca , Monti Federico , Scionti Nicoletta , Zanchi Paola , Costantino Maria Antonella , Vizziello Paola Giovanna , Zampini Laura
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

This study aimed to describe speech sound development in a group of 18-month-old children with sex chromosome trisomies (SCTs), compared with a group of typically developing (TD) peers. Concurrent and longitudinal relationships between speech sound abilities and lexical development were examined.

Method:

A group of 76 children aged 18 months, 38 children prenatally diagnosed with SCTs (12 with XXY, 12 with XYY, and 14 with XXX) and 38 TD children, participated in the study. From video recordings of semistructured naturalistic parent–child play sessions, quantitative and qualitative measures of speech sound development were collected (e.g., the number of consonants, type and place of articulation, and syllable structures used), and group differences were observed. The relationships between the number of consonants produced and vocabulary size at 18 and 24 months were assessed.

Results:

At 18 months, children with SCTs used a significantly lower number of consonants than TD children. Qualitatively, children with SCTs used significantly fewer articulatory complex consonants (fricative/affricates) and a more restricted inventory of syllable structures. The number of consonants used was significantly correlated with lexical development at 18 months. Moreover, in the SCTs group (but not in the TD group), the children with lower speech sound development at 18 months showed a significantly smaller vocabulary growth between 18 and 24 months than those with higher speech-sound development.

Conclusions:

Toddlers with SCTs showed a significantly delayed speech sound development pattern rather than an atypical one. Children with SCTs with low speech sound development also showed lower vocabulary growth between 18 and 24 months of age. These results can be clinically relevant for follow-up and treatment planning for children with SCTs.
Three-Dimensional Speech Profiles in Stroke Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Haley Katarina L. , Jacks Adam
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

Behaviorally, acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) is a multidimensional syndrome that the experienced clinician recognizes based on impaired articulation and abnormal temporal prosody. We conducted this study to determine the extent to which three core features of AOS—when defined quantitatively—distinguish categorically among aphasia with no or minimal speech sound involvement, aphasia with AOS, and aphasia with phonemic paraphasia (APP).

Method:

The study involved retrospective analysis of 195 participants with stroke-induced aphasia. We used three quantitative measures (phonemic error frequency, distortion error frequency, and word syllable duration [WSD]) to divide the sample into four participant groups according to the most likely speech diagnosis: aphasia with minimal speech sound errors, AOS, APP, and a borderline group with mixed profiles. We then conducted nonparametric comparisons across groups for which the measures were not defined and visualized all three measures in a three-dimensional graph.

Results:

The measures distributed as multidimensional spectra rather than discrete diagnostic entities, and there was considerable behavioral overlap among participant groups. Thirty percent of participants presented with aphasia with minimal sound production difficulties, and they were statistically indistinguishable from the APP group on distortion frequency and WSD. Distortion frequency and WSD were in a borderline region between AOS and APP for 29% of participants. Compared to all other groups, participants with AOS produced significantly more errors that affected listeners' phonemic perception.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that the current AOS–APP dichotomy has limited validity. We conclude that a continuous multidimensional view of speech variation would be a constructive perspective from which to understand how the left cerebral hemisphere produces speech and that quantitative and normed speech measures should be used to inform differential diagnosis in clinical settings.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21807609
A remote and cost‐optimized voting system using blockchain and smart contract
Authors: Neloy Mohammad Nabiluzzaman , Wahab Md. Abdul , Wasif Sheikh , All Noman Abdulla , Rahaman Mustafizur , Pranto Tahmid Hasan , Haque A. K. M. Bahalul , Rahman Rashedur M.
Published: January 2023

Traditional voting procedures are non‐remote, time‐consuming, and less secure. While the voter believes their vote was submitted successfully, the authority does not provide evidence that the vote was counted and tallied. In most cases, the anonymity of a voter is also not sure, as the voter's details are included in the ballot papers. Many voters consider this voting system untrustworthy and manipulative, discouraging them from voting, and consequently, an election loses a significant number of participants. Although the inclusion of electronic voting systems (EVS) has increased efficiency; however, it has raised concerns over security, legitimacy, and transparency. To mitigate these problems, blockchain technology has been leveraged and smart contract facilities with a combination of artificial intelligence (AI) to propose a remote voting system that makes the overall voting procedure transparent, semi‐decentralized, and secure. In addition, a system that aids in boosting the number of turnouts in an election through an incentivization policy for the voters have also developed. Through the proposed virtual campaigning feature, the authority can generate a decent amount of revenue, which downsizes the overall cost of an election. To reduce the associated cost of transactions using smart contracts, this system implements a hybrid storage system where only a few cardinal data are stored in the blockchain network.
Improved power computation method for droop‐controlled single‐phase VSIs in standalone microgrid considering non‐linear loads
Authors: Kherbachi Abdelhamid , Chouder Aissa , Bendib Ahmed , Ahmed Hafiz
Published: January 2023

Computation of active and reactive powers is a crucial step in droop‐controlled single‐phase voltage source inverters (VSIs) in standalone microgrid since the performance and stability of the power‐sharing strategy are strongly influenced by its speed and accuracy, especially in the case of non‐linear loads. Here, an improved performance of power‐sharing among single‐phase droop‐controlled VSIs in an islanded microgrid, considering DC component and nonlinear loads is presented. To achieve this goal, an enhanced power‐sharing control scheme including a Multiple Enhanced Second‐Order Generalized Integrator Frequency‐Locked Loop (MESOGI‐FLL) for power calculation is proposed. As a result, the proposed power computation technique provides high rejection capability of DC component and current harmonics, hence, perfect estimation of the fundamental component of the inverter output current and its 90◦ phase‐shifted component. This strategy makes the power calculation method‐based control scheme immune to disturbance effects of the DC component and the high current harmonics. Detailed analysis, mathematical modelling of MESOGI, as well as a comparison with recent methods, are also provided. Simulation and experimental tests were carried out and the obtained results have shown the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed power‐sharing controller even under nonlinear load operating conditions.
A search for stellar tidal streams around Milky Way analogues from the SAGA sample
Authors: Miró-Carretero Juan , Martínez-Delgado David , Farràs-Aloy Sílvia , Gómez-Flechoso Maria A. , Cooper Andrew , Roca-Fàbrega Santi , Kuijken Konrad , Akhlaghi Mohammad , Donatiello Giuseppe
Published: January 2023

Context. Stellar tidal streams are the result of tidal interactions between a central galaxy and lower mass systems such as satellite galaxies or globular clusters. For the Local Group, many diffuse substructures have been identified and their link to the galaxy evolution has been traced. However, it cannot simply be assumed that the Milky Way or M 31 are representative of their galaxy class. Thus, a larger sample of analogue galaxies beyond the Local Group is required to bolster a broader generalisation of the underlying theory.

Aims. We want to detect and photometrically characterise stellar streams around Milky Way (MW-) analogues in the local Universe in order to extend the observational evidence of interactions between this class of host galaxies and their satellites. This information will be applicable in a more general context around future studies on galaxy formation and evolution processes.

Methods. In the present work, we identified and analysed stellar tidal streams around MW-analogue galaxies from the SAGA sample, using deep images of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. For this sample, we obtained a range of r-band surface brightness limit between 27.8 and 29 mag arcsec−2. We measured the surface brightness and colours of the detected streams using GNU Astronomy Utilities software.

Results. We identified 16 new stellar tidal streams around MW-analogue galaxies at distances between 25 and 40 Mpc. In applying a statistical analysis to our findings for the SAGA II galaxy sample, we obtained a frequency of 12.2% ± 2.4% for these stellar streams. We measured the surface brightness and colours of the detected streams and carried out a comparison to the dwarf satellite galaxies population around galaxies belonging to the same SAGA sample. We show that the mean colour of the streams is 0.20 mag redder than that of the SAGA satellites; in addition, the streams are, on average, 0.057 ± 0.021 mag redder that their progenitor (for cases where a likely progenitor could be identified).

Conclusions. The frequency of streams detected around MW-analogues in the Local Universe is in agreement with previous studies. The difference in colour between detected streams and satellites within the SAGA host galaxy sample could be explained by a combination of both selection biases in the SAGA study and physical processes.
Dynamic formation of multi-threaded prominences in arcade configurations
Authors: Jerčić V. , Keppens R.
Published: January 2023

Context. High in the Sun’s atmosphere, prominences are plasma structures two orders of magnitude colder and denser than the surrounding corona. They often erupt, forming the core of violent and Earth-threatening coronal mass ejections. It is still unclear how these giant structures form and what causes their internal fine structure and dynamics. Moreover, it is not evident how mass and energy get exchanged with the lower layers of the Sun’s atmosphere.

Aims. We aim to understand the nature of prominences, governed by their formation process. We attempt to answer how exactly evaporation-condensation proceeds, and what the mass and energy exchange is like between the prominence and the regions where they are rooted, most notably the chromosphere and the transition region.

Methods. We used a state-of-the-art threaded prominence model within a dipped magnetic arcade. We solved the non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations using the open source MPI-AMRVAC MHD toolkit. Unlike many previous 1D models where a magnetic field was assumed ‘infinitely strong’, we studied the full 2D dynamics in a fixed-shaped arcade. This allowed for sideways field deformations and a cross-field thermodynamic coupling. To achieve a realistic setup, we considered field-aligned thermal conduction, radiative cooling, and heating, wherein the latter combines a steady background and a localised stochastic component. The stochastic component simulates energy pulses localised in time and space at the footpoints of the magnetic arcade. We varied the height and the amplitude of the localised heating and observed how it influences the prominence, its threads, and its overall dynamics.

Results. We show with this work the importance of the random localised heating in the evolution of prominences and their threaded structure. Random heating strongly influences the morphology of the prominence threaded structure, the area, the mass the threads reach, their minimum temperature, and their average density. More importantly, the strength of the localised heating plays a role in maintaining the balance between condensation and draining, affecting the general prominence stability. Stronger sources form condensations faster and result in larger and more massive prominences. We show how the condensation rates scale with the amplitude of the heating inputs and we quantify how these rates match with values from observations. We detail how stochastic sources determine counter-streaming flows and the oscillations of prominence threads.
Research on high performance control strategy of slab thickness based on T-S fuzzy control
Authors: Li Tianhao , Guimei Cui , Li Xiaoli , Lv Donghao , Zhang Yong
Published: January 2023

To address the difficulty of controlling the dynamic stability of the system after time-varying delay of the plate thickness detection at the final stand of the hot strip finishing mill. Firstly, a T-S fuzzy model based on rolling force and thickness state is established for the final stand of the hot strip finishing mill, and the maximum time delay for plate thickness detection is divided into several time delay intervals to establish a linear constant state space model of the time delay subintervals. Secondly, a distributed state feedback controller satisfying sufficient conditions for stability is solved by using the parallel distribution compensation (PDC) principle combined with Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequality (LMI) methods. Simulation comparisons with current M-AGC and Smith prediction M-AGC system (Smith-AGC) show that our method can effectively reduce overshoot and oscillations in the dynamic response of the exit plate thickness when the operating conditions change and the system time delay parameters are mismatched, so that the system has better stability and dynamic performance.
Wie lange bleiben OTA nach der Ausbildung im OP-Beruf?
Authors: Künzer Mareike
Published: January 2023

„OTA mit Abitur wollen nach der Ausbildung studieren, am liebsten Medizin.“ – diese Aussage ist vermutlich einigen OP-Fachkräften bekannt. Ob es sich dabei um ein Vorurteil handelt und welche sonstigen Gründe es gibt, dass OTA frühzeitig aus dem OP-Beruf ausscheiden, untersuchte eine Studie.
Real-World Use of Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: Results
from SemaglUtide Real-world Evidence (SURE) Germany
Authors: Menzen Markus , Berentzen Tina Landsvig , Catarig Andrei-Mircea , Pieperhoff Sebastian , Simon Jörg , Jacob Stephan
Published: January 2023

Context Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide in type 2 diabetes
were established in the phase 3 SUSTAIN trials, which included patients across
the continuum of type 2 diabetes care. It is useful to complement these findings
with real-world evidence.

Objective SURE Germany evaluated once-weekly semaglutide in a real-world
type 2 diabetes patient population.

Design/setting The prospective observational study was conducted
at 93 clinical practices in adults with+≥ 1 documented
glycated haemoglobin value ≤12 weeks before initiation of
semaglutide.

Intervention Once-weekly semaglutide was prescribed at the
physicians’ discretion.

Main outcomes The primary endpoint was change in glycated haemoglobin from
baseline to end-of-study (~30 weeks). Secondary endpoints included
changes in body weight and patient-reported outcomes. All adverse events were
systematically collected and reported, including patient-reported documented
and/or severe hypoglycaemia.

Results Of 779 patients in the full analysis set, 669 (85.9%)
completed the study on treatment with semaglutide, comprising the effectiveness
analysis set. In this data set, estimated mean changes in glycated haemoglobin
and body weight from baseline to end-of-study were –1.0%point
(–10.9 mmol/mol; P<0.0001) and
–4.5 kg (–4.2%; P<0.0001).
Sensitivity analyses supported the primary analysis. Improvements were observed
in other secondary endpoints, including patient-reported outcomes. No new safety
concerns were identified.

Conclusions In a real-world population in Germany, patients with type 2
diabetes treated with once-weekly semaglutide experienced clinically significant
improvements in glycaemic control and body weight. These results support the use
of once-weekly semaglutide in routine clinical practice in adult patients with
type 2 diabetes in Germany.
Direct fabrication of flexible tensile sensors enabled by polariton energy transfer based on graphene nanosheet films
Authors: Zhang Xi , Ma Junchi , Huang Wenhao , Zhang Jichen , Lyu Chaoyang , Zhang Yu , Wen Bo , Wang Xin , Ye Jing , Diao Dongfeng
Published: January 2023

A fundamental problem in the direct manufacturing of flexible devices is the low melting temperature of flexible substrates, which hinders the development of flexible electronics. Proposed here is an electron-cyclotron-resonance sputtering system that can batch-fabricate devices directly on flexible substrates under a low temperature by virtue of the polariton energy transfer between the plasma and the material. Flexible graphene nanosheet-embedded carbon (F-GNEC) films are manufactured directly on polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, and polydimethylsiloxane, and how the substrate bias (electron energy), microwave power (plasma flux and energy), and magnetic field (electron flux) affect the nanostructure of the F-GNEC films is investigated, indicating that electron energy and flux contribute to the formation of standing graphene nanosheets in the film. The films have good uniformity of distribution in a large size (17 mm × 17 mm), and tensile and angle sensors with a high gauge factor (0.92) and fast response (50 ms) for a machine hand are obtained by virtue of the unique nanostructure of the F-GNEC film. This work sheds light on the quantum manufacturing of carbon sensors and its applications for intelligent machine hands and virtual-reality technology.
Multiplexing quantum tunneling diodes for random number generation
Authors: Aungskunsiri Kanin , Amarit Ratthasart , Jantarachote Sakdinan , Wongpanya Kruawan , Punpetch Pongpun , Sumriddetchkajorn Sarun
Published: January 2023

Random numbers are indispensable resources for application in modern science and technology. Therefore, a dedicated entropy source is essential, particularly for cryptographic tasks and modern applications. In this work, we experimentally demonstrated a scheme to generate random numbers by multiplexing eight tunnel diodes onto a single circuit. As a result, the data rate of random number generation was significantly enhanced eightfold. In comparison to the original scheme that employed one diode, this multiplexing scheme produced data with higher entropy. These data were then post-processed with the Toeplitz-hashing extractor, yielding final outputs that achieved almost full entropy and passed the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 800-90B validation. These data also passed the NIST Special Publication 800-22 statistical randomness examination and had no sign of patterns detected from an autocorrelation analysis.
Effects of fast and thermal neutron irradiation on Ga-polar and N-polar GaN diodes
Authors: Mirkhosravi F. , Rashidi A. , Elshafiey A. T. , Gallagher J. , Abedi Z. , Ahn K. , Lintereur A. , Mace E. K. , Scarpulla M. A. , Feezell D.
Published: January 2023

Studies of the radiation tolerance and electrical behavior of gallium nitride (GaN) based devices are important for the next generation of high-power and high-voltage electronics that may be subjected to harsh environments such as nuclear reactor and fusion facilities, particle accelerators, and post-denotation environments. In this work, we study the behavior of Ga-polar and N-polar GaN Schottky diodes before and after exposure to fast and thermal + fast neutrons. Temperature-dependent current–voltage (I–V) and circular transmission line method (CTLM) measurements were used to study the electrical characteristics. A strong reduction in reverse leakage current and an increase in differential resistance in forward bias were observed after neutron irradiation. Thermionic emission (TE), Frenkel–Poole (FP) emission, and Fowler–Nordheim (FN) tunneling models were used to explain the forward and reverse I–V characteristics pre- and post-irradiation. The study confirms that Ga-polar and N-polar GaN Schottky diodes exhibit different electrical responses to fast and thermal neutron irradiations. The reverse bias characteristics of N-polar diodes are less affected after the fast neutron irradiation compared to Ga-polar diodes, while in the forward bias region, the electrical behavior after fast and thermal neutron irradiations is similar in Ga-polar and N-polar diodes. The results indicate that the role of orientation should be considered in the design of GaN-based radiation-tolerant electronics.
Thermoelectric properties of C2P4 monolayer: A first principle study
Authors: Senapati Parbati , Kumar Ajay , Parida Prakash
Published: January 2023

We have theoretically explored the electronic and thermoelectric properties of the C2P4 monolayer with the interface of density functional theory and semi-classical transport theory. Our calculation shows a high Seebeck coefficient and low electronic thermal conductivity in the vicinity of zero chemical potential (μ = 0), resulting in a good power factor (PF) and a high figure of merit (ZT). More particularly, the electronic figure of merit (ZTe) exhibits two high peak values around μ = 0 due to the significant contribution of thermoelectric parameters. Furthermore, ZTe decreases by increasing the temperature, giving a peak value of 0.98 in the negative chemical potential (μ), whereas, for μ > 0, the peak value increases slightly with temperature. Additionally, the ZTe peak value is robust against ±10% of uni- and biaxial strains at room temperature. To make our calculation more realistic, we add phonon contributions to the thermal conductivity in pristine C2P4 and calculate the total ZT. We have found that phonon contribution dominates at low temperatures, and the ZT peak is reduced to 0.78. These optimal thermoelectric parameters of the C2P4 monolayer may be suitable for demonstrating the feasibility of a good thermoelectric material.
Measuring temperature dependence of dimensionless figure of merit of a thermoelectric module using time-domain impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Takeuchi Mai
Published: January 2023

This paper introduces transient Harman (TH), impedance spectroscopy (IS), and time-domain impedance spectroscopy (TDIS) methods as feasible techniques for determining the temperature dependence shown by the dimensionless figure of merit ( zT) of a BiTe-based thermoelectric module from 50 to 320 K. An optimum current was selected to deduce the proper zT under a dominant Peltier heat. The comparison results indicated that the TH method enables a rapid estimation of zT, typically within several minutes. Although the measurement times for the IS (several minutes to hours) and TDIS (several minutes) methods were different, both the methods yielded comparable zT values, and the TDIS method was found to be more reliable for the module with zT > 0.02 and a resolution of 0.001. Furthermore, temperature stabilization of the measurement specimen using the TDIS method also emerged as one of the key factors that determined the accuracy and resolution of the zT estimation.
Development of a surface atmosphere temperature observation instrument
Authors: Yang Jie , Tan Mengqing , Liu Qingquan , Ding Renhui
Published: January 2023

To minimize the impact of various radiations on atmospheric temperature observation, a new natural ventilation temperature observation instrument is designed in this paper. First of all, the temperature measuring instrument model is constructed using the means of computational fluid dynamics. Then, the radiation error of the device is quantified in different environmental conditions. Next, a back propagation neural network algorithm is adopted to fit a radiation error modified equation with multivariable changes. Finally, the measured values of a 076B forced ventilation temperature monitoring device are adopted as the temperature reference, and field tests are conducted. The average error of this new device is 0.12 °C. The root mean square error, mean square error, and correlation coefficient between the measured values of the new instrument and the reference temperature are 0.047 °C, 0.036 °C, and 0.999 °C, respectively.
Broadband, high power THz source at 540 kHz using organic crystal BNA
Authors: Mansourzadeh Samira , Vogel Tim , Omar Alan , Shalaby Mostafa , Cinchetti Mirko , Saraceno Clara J.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate efficient optical rectification in the organic crystal BNA (N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline), driven by a temporally compressed, commercially available industrial Yb-laser system operating at a 540 kHz repetition rate. Our terahertz (THz) source reaches 5.6 mW of THz average power driven by 4.7 W, 45 fs pulses, and the resulting THz-time domain spectroscopy combines a very broad bandwidth of 7.5 THz and a high dynamic range of 75 dB (in a measurement time of 70 s). The conversion efficiency at maximum THz power is 0.12%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest THz power so far demonstrated with BNA, achieved at a high repetition rate and enabling to demonstrate a unique combination of bandwidth and dynamic range for THz-spectroscopy applications.
Design method and construction of the Schwarzschild microscope with high numerical aperture for secondary ion mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Yi , Chen Ping , Zhang Tao , Cao Yixue , Hua Lei , Li Haiyang
Published: January 2023

The Schwarzschild microscope is suitable for sample navigation in secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) because of its advantages of a simple structure, large working distance, and good coordination with the ion extraction system. The high numerical aperture (NA) of the microscope significantly reduces diffraction effects, but the resulting high-order geometric aberrations seriously affect the imaging quality. In this paper, a novel design method of the Schwarzschild microscope with a high NA (0.47) was proposed. The aberration distributions and compensation methods were investigated through tolerance analysis. The results showed that the tilt and decenter tolerances become the dominant factors limiting the spatial resolution, which could only be improved by ensuring the alignment accuracy of mirrors. Finally, the spatial resolution of the microscope in the home-built SIMS reached 2.19 µm.