bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological Efficiency of Sage Tea (salvia officinalis L.)Administration on Fertility in Adult Female Rats
Authors: Al-Bediry Huda Kareem Sarbiot , Al- Maamori Jafar Abbas Issa
Published: January 2024

Salvia officinalis L. (common name sage) is one of this which has been used since ancient Egyptian times for increasing women's fertility;it has been used traditionally to increase fertility have been rather poorly understood.The present work was aimed to investigate the physiological role of sage tea drinking in fertility capacity by some female reproductive parameters of rat during the experiment for 28 day to includes reproductive hormones (follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen and progesterone hormones) and reproductive indexes (fertility, gestation, post-natal viability and weaning viability indexes). Thirty six female rats were divided at random into three main groups'one control group and two treatment groups as first experiment (received orally by gavage single (0.057 g/kg B.W.) and double (0.114 g/kg B.W.) traditional doses/daily of sage tea drinking for 28 day respectively). The second experiment was done to evaluate the reproductive indexes for female fertility. The results showed a higher significantly increase in serum FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormones levels non dose dependent orally administration of sage tea. But, the reproductive indexes showed a single dose related orally administration of sage tea.Concludes from this present finding that sage tea drinking may be improves female fertility via of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in adult rats.
Screening of peroxidase from various vegetables sources, partial purification, some biochemical properties and its antimicrobial activity
Authors: Gulzar I. Ibrahim  , Chinar M. Nasir  , Mohammed Siwan Shamkhi
Published: January 2024

The peroxidase enzyme was extracted from four different vegetables which were radish, turnip, cabbage and green pepper. The extracted enzymes were partially purified by ammonium sulphate and DEAE cellulose (Diethylaminoethyl cellulose) chromatography. The effect of amount of guaiacol, hydrogen peroxide, pH and temperature were investigated. The optimum pH for peroxidase activity was in the range (6.5-7.0), while optimum temperature for extracted enzymes was 30⁰c. The extracted enzyme from selected vegetables was tested for their antimicrobial activity against different species of bacteria. The enzymes show weak antibacterial activity towards the tested species of bacteria.
Manage Website Template That Using Content Management System Joomla
Authors: Alkunany Ahmad Shaker Abdalrada , Thaer Farag Ali
Published: January 2024

In this paper we introduce the important concepts how to manage website template that using content management system Joomla. We mean the features, functions and common applications of content management system Joomla which is used to build most popular websites in the world. After that we focus on group of codes and procedures and techniques on how to manage and customize our websites especially on template.
Genetic study of relationship between resistance of Enterobacter aerugenes to some antibacterial agents and plasmid containinig
Authors: Alaa Salim Hamzah
Published: January 2024

The present study aimed to determine the relationship between the genetic resistance of Enterobacter aerugenes to some antibacterial agents, and its plasmid containing. For this purpose (70) samples of urine were collected from patients with clinically diagnosed urinary tract infection, there were (15) isolate Enterobacter aerugenes. The Antibiotic susceptibility test was used through using (11) antibiotics and resistance bacteria Enterobacter aerugenes was nitrofurantion ( 100% ) , trimethoprim ( 90 % ) , amikacin (35 % ) , norfloxacin (45% ) , cefotaxime (50 %) , ceftriaxon (38 %) , chloramphenecol (64 % ) , imipenem (10 % ) , doxocyclin (80 % ) , gentamycin (58 % ) and ciprofloxacin (53 %) . The data indicated the increase infection of urinary tract infection that caused by Enterobacter aerugenes . There are two antibiotics nitrofurantion and trimethoprim must not use to treatment against Enterobacter aerugenes in the future because the bacteria gave high resistance these antibiotics. The resistance of Enterobacter aerugenes to antibiotics used in this study linked with increasing bounds of plasmid.
Phenotypic detection of some virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from recurrent urinary tract infection patients
Authors: Al-Kuriashy Jafar Jumma Hassoni , Al-Thwani Amina Nema , Ikram Amen Khaki
Published: January 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are health growing problem in patients attending some hospitals in worldwide, to shed light on this subject, present study was done to detect some virulence factors of E. coli isolated from patients with recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI) This study included 130 patients with RUTI, and 50 healthy persons as a control of both genders (aged 6-70 years) attending Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut/Wassite governorate and Al-Harery Teaching Hospital of specialized surgeries/Baghdad during beginning of September 2009 to end of April 2011. Intracellular bacterial communities (ICBC) (namely E.coli) was isolated from (68/130) 53% from patients with RUTI. These bacteria showed differences in response to antibiotics which was used for treatment, Ciprofloxin, Amikacin and Gentamicin provide good efficacy against E.coli isolated from patients with recurrent UTI. Results of phenotipical studies on virulence factors of E.coli the revealed that 50% of RUTI isolates produced P-fimbria, 10.3% with S-fimbria, 36.8% have Dr-fimbria, 78% have type 1 fimbria and 22.1% of them produced aerobactin and all isolates gave negative results for hemolysin production.
EFFECT OF RIGIDITY ON PORE WATER PRESSURE IN DAMS (Ec/Es)
Authors: Saleem Mahmod Muarik  , Heba Dawood Salim
Published: January 2024

In this paper, to study the effect of relative core /shells rigidity, three cases have been considered. Core of less rigidity (Ec/Es <1.0), homogeneous rigidity (Ec/Es =1.0) and stiffer core (Ec/Es >1.0), the problem is analyzed numerically using the finite element computer program by using Biot consolidation of rectangle in plane strain (Four- node element).It was found that the factor of safety against tension cracking is increased as the depth of the core increases, and for Duncan and Sherard criteria, the factor of safety is about (1.2) for three planes that bounded the core, the values of Ec/Es is (0.7). However, the settlement, horizontal displacement and pore pressure are decreased as the ratio Ec/Es increased.
EFFECTS OF Origanum Vulgare ON SOME SPERMS PARAMETERS , BIOCHEMICAL AND SOME HORMONES IN ALLOXAN DIABETIC MICE
Authors: Gattia Kadhum Jhyied
Published: January 2024

The influence of Origanum Vulgare on male fertility by using following tests (measurement of testosterone , LH and FSH level , sperm viability , activity , motility and abnormalities) and on GOT, GPT,AL.Ph. and Lipid profile status was studied in normal and alloxan diabetic mice. Alloxan diabetic mice were injected with Origanum Vulgare extract for 3 weeks at a dosage of 0.18 g/kg body weight. The Alloxan diabetic mice showed significantly decreased in serum glucose level. however testosterone , LH and FSH level were increased and decreased in dead sperms , abnormalities and increase motility , decrease in GOT, GPT, AL.Ph. and lipid profile, in alloxan diabetic mice.
Kinetic studies on thermal degradation of automotive lubricant oils and estimation soot content by TGA
Authors: Al -Bayaty Subhi Abdul Sattar
Published: January 2024

Thermal degradation of fresh automotive lubricant characterized using TGA technique under Helium atmosphere at different heating rate 5, 10,20,30,40 Co /min based on mass loss as a function of temperature. To obtain the kinetic parameters and to describe the thermal decomposition of lubricant, TGA curves and their derivatives were analyses using Coast-Redfern methods. Kinetic parameters were determined was satisfactory presenting good correlation with linear correlation coefficient close to unit using SPSS package and was in a good agreement with publishes data. Also the present study describes soot content determination for different used lubricant. This wok aims to characterize the thermal decomposition process in relation to its kinetic, thermodynamic property and measure amount of soot.
An investigation of a risk management decision support system for Iraqi construction projects
Authors: Sallama Sadik Jasim
Published: January 2024

Risk management (RM) is one of the critical success factors for the construction of projects, project participants generally do not have sufficient knowledge pertinent to risk management concept and the number of risk management support tools which facilitate the process are rather low. Research problem can be identify by the process of risk management, applying risk management in construction projects, types and identified, assessing and controlling of risk in construction projects. In order to facilitate risk management activities, decision support tools that will enable risk identification, analysis and response strategy formulation should be developed. Decision support tools are necessary for systematic identification of risks, scenario generation, proactive management of risk and integration of risk management activities with other project management functions such as planning, cost estimating and monitoring project success. The proposed decision support system, namely Integrated Risk Management System (IRMS), is designed to support the user at all phases of the risk management process. Major functions of IRMS include, risk analysis by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation (probability and rating degree), risk assessment by risk rating, risk re-assessment, response generation. The applicability of the system has been tested by a real case study (three Iraqi construction cases) and its functionality has been demonstrated using the data associated with these cases, study (three cases). Risk carting (RC) processes are reduced from high risk management to moderate ones for the three project cases.
Behaviors of pregnant women toward minor discomforts of pregnancy
Authors: Ghanem Awise Abbas
Published: January 2024

This is across sectional study carried out to study the behaviors of pregnant women toward minor discomforts of pregnancy. The study sample involved (200) pregnantsattending Al-Diwaniyamaternity and pediatric hospital during the period 1/11/2013_31/12/2013.The data was collected by constracted questionnaire which designed for the purpose of study and analyzed by using frequency distribution and relative percentages. The result of the study revealed that 15% get up from bed suddenly, 50% were drinking small and frequent amount of fluid. In heart burn 90% were avoiding fat meals,70% were eating several small meals in different time,2.5% were putting small pillow under head, in varicose vein 60% were relaxing and rise legs, 25% were wearing medical socks. In case of backache 35% were sleeping on hard bed, , in case of constipation 75% were drinking 1-2 cup of water in morning, 10% were playing exercises, 15% were decreasing tea and coffee, in case of legs edema, 10% were elevating legs up, 80% were going to doctor. The study recommends health education of pregnant about behaviors toward minor discomforts of pregnancy.
The effect of magnetic water and humic acid in growth and production of active ingredients of (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)
Authors: Abdulameer Ali Yassen  , Qassim Hussein Khamees
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted in the Lath house of the municipality of Zubaydia District in AL-Suwayra , Wasit governorate from the period 21/3/2010 till 25/10/2010. The goal of the experiment was to determine the effectiveness of magnetic irrigation water in comparison to the normal water, and three concentration of humic acid 1/2 ml/l; 1 ml/l and 2 ml/l in addition to the control treatment and was added four times during the growing season .The ( Bio polar system ) was used with 1000 gauss capacity to magnetize water . The randomized complete book design (R C B D) was used in a factorial arrangement. The least signification difference at 50% level of significant was utilized for mean comparisons, only when treatment effect was evident. Criterion studied include, stem diameter, dry weight of shoot, and leaf size, dry weight of sepals. Active ingredient measured includes β-pinene , α- pinene , citronal , and Hibicine hydrochloride .Results indicated that using magnetic water increased , stem diameter and leaf size , dry weight of vegetative portion ,dry weight of calyx . Magnetic water increased hibicine hydrochloride, citronol, α- pinene and β-pinene. The use of humic acid increased the above mentioned criterion in addition to the weight flowers cup and caused an increase in hibicine hydrochloride and citronol. Results also indicated significant interaction between magnetic water and humic acid and the following characteristic were effected, stem diameter and leaf size as were as vegetative dry weights of calyx, hibicine hydrochloride and citronol.
Histological study of the effect of sildenafil citrate on ovulation induction in mature female mice
Authors: Al-Rekabi Sally Adnan
Published: January 2024

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of oral administration with different concentrations of sildenafil citrate (SC) on some of the reproductive parameters as ovulation induction in the female mice. In the experimental work, thirty of healthy female mice at the age (10-12) weeks with weight (23-25) gram were included in this study. They were divided in three groups (10 mature females’ mice/group) including one group as control according to different doses of sildenafil citrate (0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg) throughout administration period for 6 days. Parameters were assessed involving study the histological changes in ovary as, number each of primary follicles, growing follicles, graafian follicles, evaluated using hematoxyline and eosin stains. The results of the present study showed a significant improvement (P<0.05) in the reproductive parameters using both concentrations (0.5 and 1mg/ kg) of the sildenafil citrate when compared with the control group as; number each of primary follicles, growing follicles and grafian follicles.Moreover, high concentration of (1mg/kg), sildenafil citrate showed a significant enhancement in the reproductive parameters which were mentioned previously compare with low dose of sildenafil citrate (0.5mg/kg) and control group .Therefore, it was concluded that the sildenafil citrate supplementation may have important role on the ovulation induction in females mice.
Cytogenetic effects of magnevist and methotrexate on mice bone marrow
Authors: Muthana Ibrahim Maleek  , Doaa Alaa Gheni
Published: January 2024

This study was established to investigate the cytogenetic effects of magnevist on mice bone marrow before and after methotrexate (MTX) 2.5 mg/kg. The negative control group was treated with 0.2 ml distilled water. Magnevist was given alone to the mice intraperitoneally with 0.6 mg/kg for 24 hrs and 48 hrs. Similarly, MTX was only intravenously injected with 2.5 mg/kg for 24 hrs and 48 hrs, which were considered as positive controls. Moreover, different combinations of magnevist/ MTX were given in terms of different time points of treatment. Results showed high induction (p<0.05) of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronuclei (MN) and reduction in mitotic index (MI) of following treatments: magnevist, MTX and magnevist/MTX combination, compared to corresponding control groups. Interestingly, the combination magnevist and MTX treatment demonstrated higher induction in all biological end points than other groups. We concluded that the high combination effects may belong to increase in the aggressiveness of MTX that enhanced by magnevist and vice versa.
Testicular heat shock protein effects of Methanolic and Phenolic extracts of N. sativa seed in chronic heat-stressed male Wistar rats
Authors: Jabbar Jassim Hamady  , Hatem Abdel Karim  , Enass Abdul Kadhum
Published: January 2024

In order to evaluate the efficacy of crude methanolic and phenolic extracts of Nigella sativa seed in modulating protective role response in mammals under chronic heat stress. Forty nine mature male Wister rats (weighted: 250 ± 10 g, aged: 8 weeks) has been randomly divided into 7 equal groups. Four groups were reared under normal room temperature (20±1ºC) which included negative control (Nc) was reared without any treatment, positive control (C) was drenched with drinking water, treated group (M) was drenched with metanolic extract of N. sativa (1 g/ kg bw), and treated group (P) was drenched with phenolic extract of N. sativa (0.3 g/ kg bw). Other three groups has been reared under high room temperature (35 ± 1 cº) which included heated positive control (Hc) was drenched drinking water, heated treated group (Hm) was drenched with methanolic extract of N. sativa (1 g/ kg bw), and heated treated group (Hp) was drenched with phenolic extract of N. sativa (0.3 g/ kg bw). The experiment extended for 18 days.Twenty four hours after the last day of experiment, male rats has been sacrificed and body organs testis was removed and weighted .Testis samples (100 mg) were quickly obtained and putted in liquid nitrogen for heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression analysis using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Revealed insignificant differences in testes weights among the experimental groups. RT-PCR results showed that level of mRNA expression of HSP70 gene in testis tissues in treatment groups methanolic extract (M, Hm) (1g/ kg, BW, daily) and phenolic compound (P, Hp, 0.3g/ kg, BW, daily) of Nigella sativa seed was significantly higher than that of non-treated groups (Nc, C, and Hc). We have suggested that crude methanolic extract and phenolic compounds obtained from Nigella sativa seed have an efficient role in modulating protective role response of mammals under chronic heat stress in mature male Wistar rats.
Effect of high-fructose corn syrup on some obesity markers in adult male rats
Authors: Al-Attabi Mohammad Rajjay Shibil
Published: January 2024

High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) accounts for as much as 40% of sweeteners used over all the world as an industrial sweetener - a substitute for sugar. As obesity has increase rapidly to epidemic proportions around the world, adipose derived hormone play central role in regulation of appetite , balancing between calorie input and calorie expenditure , so the current experiment conducted to investigate the effect of HFCS on serum adiponectin , leptin , resistin hormone levels, lipid profile , body weights , food intake , and relative abdominal fat as obesity markers in adult male rats . Thirty adult male rats weighing 200 -225 gram and 12 – 15 weeks old were randomly divided in to five equal groups. The first group (Groups A) was given a 10% solution of HFCS, the second group (Groups B) was given a 20% solution of HFCS ,the third group ( group C ) was given a 10% solution of sucrose , the fourth group ( group D ) was given a 20% solution of sucrose , the fifth group ( group E ) was given a distilled water for thirty days . All groups were fed with standard rat diet and their solutions ad libitum. At the end of experiment the animals were weighted, sacrificed, blood samples were collected by heart puncture . There were a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05 ) in body weights , relative abdominal fat , serum TC , TAG , LDL-c , and VLDL-c , leptin hormone , and resistin hormone in group B compared with all groups of experiment . There were a significant increase in body weights , relative abdominal fat , serum TC , TAG , LDL-c , and VLDL-c , leptin hormone , and resistin hormone in groups A , C and D compared with group E ,whereas there were no significant differences between group A and groups C, D in all studied parameters when compared with each other’s. Serum HDL-c and adiponectin hormone decreased in groups A, B, C, D when compared with group E. There were no significant differences in HDL-c and adiponectin hormone in groups A, B, C, and D when compared with each other’s. In Conclusions excessive consumption of HFCS may contribute to the incidence obesity and dyslipidemia.
Study the effect of kaolin on the electrical properties of polyvinyl acetate-polyol composite
Authors: Thamir Salman Bachari
Published: January 2024

Polyvinyl acetate and polyol (PVA-Polyol) has been blended in percentage by weight 3:1 and a mixture has been done by mixing different percentages by weight of kaolin for electrical measurements. Diagnosis of kaolin was measured by FTIR spectrophotometer. Quality factor (Q), dissipation factor (D), parallel resistance (R), pseries resistance (R), impedance (Z), series capacitance (C) and parallel capacitance ss(C) and Phase angle (Φ) were measured. The maximum electrical conductivity is pfound 6794 S.m-1 for samples 1, 3wt% kaolin and the minimum electrical conductivity is 1x10-5 S.m-1 for sample (2) 5wt% kaolin. Dielectric constants (έ), dielectric loss (έ′), have been studied and calculated. The frequency dependent ac conductivity (σ) and frequency independent dc conductivity (σ) has studied and acdcinvestigated. The calculated minimum and maximum ac conductivity (σ) is 3.2x10-5 acS.m-1 for samples (3) 6wt % kaolin and 0.45 S.m-1 for sample (2) 5wt % kaolin. The minimum and maximum calculated independent frequency dc conductivity (σ) is -dc 0.3472 S.m-1 for sample (2) 5wt % kaolin and 1.1671 S.m-1 for sample (1) 3wt % kaolin.
Use of green tea (Camellia Sinensis) to minimize the effects of aflatoxin B1 in vivo
Authors: Baheeja Abees Hmood
Published: January 2024

The present study aimed to detect the viability of the aqueous extract of green tea Camellia Sinensis in reducing the pathological effects of aflatoxin B1 in the liver of male albino rat, The results of the current study that the aqueous extract of green tea has shown highly effective in reducing the toxicity caused by aflatoxin B1 effects, the Dosage animals at 50 micrograms / kg of body weight of aflatoxin B1 led to the emergence of a satisfactory effects consisted Bridge Necrotic Cells, Hemorrhage,Liver Fibrosis, Cell Lysis and exit nuclei, the loss of the radial structure of the lobes of the liver and at dosages of animals at 200 mg / kg of body weight of the aqueous extract of green tea with 50 micrograms / kg . aflatoxin B1 does not appear in the liver only simple effects consisted gathering ,simple Focal aggregate inflammatory cells and congestion vascular simple in the bowl hepatic.
Study the distribution of kwashiorkor disease in AL_Kut city and other districts
Authors: Sultan Zahraa Saeed
Published: January 2024

Malnutrition is a general term for medical conditions caused by an improper or insufficient diet, which is essential for normal development physically and mentally especially in children being feed on low- nutrition value food other than on breast feeding. This condition led to kwashiorkor disease especially in children with 1-2 years old .Affected patients, have decreased body weight changing hair color and Finally edema and retardation later. In Iraq this disease reappear due to many causes , in this study, the distribution of this disease and its impact in Al-Kut city and other districts have been examined. 100 cases have been normally chosen from 1/11/2006 - 1/11/2007 intervals from Al-Zahraa general hospital. We found that high incidence ratio 65%, 1-2years children while the lowest incidence ratio 4% within 3_4 years old as a whole ratio. Incidence ratio caused by food typed were 39% for those depending on breast feeding only 22% for those depend on breast feeding milk , which feeding milk plus breast feeding was 21%. Any type of feeding plus solid food, the ratio was 18% of total case. In according to the geographical distribution most of disease incidence 21% was found in displaced family, and lowest incidence ratio 5% was found in Alswada village and surroundings.
Polyaniline/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films prepared by microwave plasma
Authors: Hammad Raheem Humud  , Ahmad Salman Wasfi  , Mohaned Ali Abed  , Mohammed E. Ismaeel
Published: January 2024

Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films were prepared by microwave plasma. The TiO2 powder of average particle size of 50 nm was used to prepare PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films. The PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films prepared by polymerization in plasma and characterized by UV-VIS, FTIR, AFM and SEM to study the effect of titanium oxide nanoparticles on the optical properties, morphology and structure of the thin films. The optical properties studies showed that the optical energy band gap of the PANI/TiO2 decreased systematically from 3.58 eV to 3.38 eV with increasing TiO2 nanoparticles concentration from 1 to 5 wt%. The FTIR measurement showed a shifting in the FTIR absorption peaks with TiO2 concentration. AFM and SEM images indicated a uniform distribution of the TiO2 nanoparticles in the PANI matrix. It can be concluded that PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films with controlled optical energy band gap can be prepared by microwave plasma technique.
Effect of Pimpinella anisum and Hibiscus sabdariffa to the diets of Coturnix Japonica in the productivity
Authors: Hanan Hashem Abdul Razak  , Musa Amen Hassan
Published: January 2024

This experiment was conducted in agricultural research and testing of the Agriculture college / Al_ Muthanna University station for the period from 13/11/2014 to 18/12/2014 for the impact statement Add Pimpinella anisum and Hibiscus sabdariffa to a diet Japanese quail in the productivity, and use the 240 Japanese quail chicks of age one day at a rate of weight (20 chick / repeater) (9) g and birds randomly distributed on four transactions by three replicates per treatment, and the experience come transactions: (T1) diet control without adding to the feed (T2) added 0.5% Pimpinella anisum to feed (T3) added 0.5% Hibiscus sabdariffa to feed (T4) was added to the mixture consisting of 0.25% of Pimpinella anisum 0.25% of Hibiscus sabdariffa to feed. Results indicated the presence of significant differences at the level of 0.05% in each of the attributes of the living body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and the coefficient of feed conversion, it outperformed morally (p≤0.05) the treatment of the mixture (T4) followed by factors T2 and T3, respectively, when compared with the control treatment (T1), while the differences between the two treatments did not show T2 and T3. Based on that study it recommends using a mixture consisting of (0.25% of Pimpinella anisum 0.25% of Hibiscus sabdariffa) and these ratios at the same conditions to achieve the best productive performance of these birds.
Prevalence and distribution of gastro-intestinal helminthes in local chickens in Al-Diwaniya region
Authors: Hamza Hadi Madlul
Published: January 2024

The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminthes infections in 100 adult local chickens from different places of Al-Diwaniya region. Ninety seven from the examined chickens (97%) were infected with one or more of gastro-intestinal helminthes; a total of eleven specie )5 species of cestode and 6 species of nematode) were detected, The species and their prevalences were: Raillietina echinobothrida (81.44%), Hymenolepis cantainana (65.97%), R. tetragona (59.79%), R.cesticillus (12.37%), Choanotaenia infundibulum (13.47%), Ascaridia galli (31.95%) , Heterakis gallinarum (24.74%),Epomidiostumum sp (12.37%),Dispharynx nasuta(5.15%) Tetrameres Americana. (5.15 %) and finally Amidostumum anseris (2.06%). No trematodes were found in present study. Mixed infections accounted for 87.63% as compared to 12.37% of single infections.Association between chicken sex infection with cestodes and nematodes was not significant (87.23%;34.04%in males and 88.67%. ;37.73% in females respectively .There was statistically significant differences(P<0.05) in the prevalence rates of cestodes (88%)and nematodes(36%). Most the parasites were found in the small intestine than the large intestine .Only Amidostumum anseris, Epomidiostumum sp. and Heterakis gallinarum were recovered from gizzard and caecum respectivelly. Amidostumum anseris and Epomidiostumum sp. were recorded for the first time in the chickens as intermediate host .This study is the first in the region.
Effect of probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic on toxicosis of ochratoxins in broilers
Authors: Raad Saad Sultan
Published: January 2024

his study was conducted to evaluate the prophylactic effect of multistrain probiotic in drinking water, prebiotic in diet and both of them (symbiotic) when afford with a diet containing ochratoxins and fed to broiler chicks from 1 to 35 days old. The criteria of evaluation include hematological and biochemical analysis, in addition to associated lesions. A total 150 Rose day old broiler chicks were separated into five groups that each one received different diets. Ochratoxicosis group showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in hematological parameters in comparison with probiotic, prebiotic, symbiotic and control groups. The biochemical analysis of ochratoxicosis group showed considerable (P<0.05) increase in the serum uric acid and creatinine levels with reduction in serum total protein, albumin and globulins. Pathological observations in kidney of broilers in groups 3, 4 and 5 revealed no pathological changes as compared with group 2 that showing necrosis of proximal renal tubules, severe congestion and lymphocytic proliferation. Spleen of ochratoxicosis group showing poor lymphoid tissue and depletion with necrosis of lymphocytes when compared with control and treated groups (probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic) that appeared normal architecture represented by white and red pulp with mature lymphocytes, also there are germinal centers in symbiotic treated group. Normal thymus architecture in groups 3, 4 and 5 when compared with ochratoxicosis group that showed necrosis in the lymphoid follicles and hemorrhage. Finally, it was conducted that the probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic are effective in the amelioration of toxic effects of ochratoxins. Symbiotic are more effect than probiotic or prebiotic alone.
Valuating of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zafir Hassan Ghali  , Noor Jamal Hussein
Published: January 2024

This study was established to test the cytogenetic parameter of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in type 2 diabetic patients for its close relationship with mutations. In this study, cytogenetic analyses were done on peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from 25 type 2 DM patients using short-term lymphocyte culture .Human lymphocytes have long been used to assess the gene damage occurring in vivo as well as in vitro. Results showed significant high frequencies of SCEs were scored in type 2 DM patients [2.25±0.08SCE/cell] compared with control [1.28±0.04SCE/cell] (P<0.01). We concluded that the DM patients have significantly more genetic damage (high SCE frequency), and there are no significant differences in diabetic patients in relation with demographic characteristics (age and gender).
PCR conventional for detecting AP and PLA virulence Use factors of Entamoeba histolytica in patients stool samples in Al-Qadisiyah Province
Authors: Al-Kaeebi Saafa Ressan Abdullah , Al-Difaie Rana Salih Sahib
Published: January 2024

The present study designed to diagnose the Entamoeba histolytica parasite from patients with diarrhea attended to Maternity and Childhood Teaching Hospital and General Education Hospital in Al-Qadisiya Province, Theirs ages less than one year to 14 years at the period from the beginning of May to the end of November 2014 . The number of samples that have been collected (100) stool samples, and the number of samples infected is (36) sample ; After samples were examined in direct wet smear method using normal saline, include the study to investigate and to emphasize the presence of virulence factors amoebapore and phospholipase in parasite using Conventional PCR Technique.The result showed that the infection rate was 36% (100). The age group of l-5 years showed the highest rate of infection (41.6%), while patients aged11-14 years showed the lowest rate of infection (11.1%). The infection rate in male was higher (58.3%) than in female (41.6%). It was found that the majority of cases (61.1%) were from Urban areas.DNA was extracted from positive from stool samples and then after amplified using special designed for primers E. histolytica virulence factors genes that called amoebapore &phospholipase and the amplified DNA passed in Electrophoresis apparatus for DNA. The results showed that the mentioned factor is present in all positive samples of E. histolytica.
Isolation and identification of Microbial flora from Turkey and Antimicrobial sensitivity in Al-hamdanyah-Mosul
Authors: Al-Abidy Hawra Faysal
Published: January 2024

The research was worked conducted to isolate and identify the microbial flora from apparently healthy turkey in Al-hamdanyah –Mousl .Sixteen number of (oral, cloacal and ear) swabs were collected from fields breeding turkey during period October 2013 to April 2014 .The samples were inoculated onto different bacteriological media, and they were isolate and identified by their cultural and biochemical properties. Eigteey five isolates, Bacillus spp 13(21.6%) , E.coli , Streptococcus pyogenes 11(18.3%)for each, Corynebacterium pyogenes ,Staphylococcus aurues 10(16.6%) for each bacteria and Staphylococcus saprophyticus 6(10%), Klebsiella pneumonia 5(8.3%),Staphylococcus klossi, Proteus vulgris 4(6.6%), and Staphylococcus caprae 3(5%).The results of Antibiotics sensitivity test resistant was revealed that all microbial isolates resistant to trimethoprim 100%.While, the most isolates were sensitive to penicillin (84.7%) and colistin (89.4%).
CR Conventional for detecting APand PLA virulence Use Factors of Entamoeba histolytica in patients stool samples in Al-Qadisiyah Province
Authors: Saafa Ressan Abdullah  , Rana Salih Sahib Al-Difaie
Published: January 2024

The present study designed to diagnose the Entamoeba histolytica parasite from patients with diarrhea attended to Maternity and Childhood Teaching Hospital and General Education Hospital in Al-Qadisiya province , Theirs ages less than one year to 14 years at the period from the beginning of May to the end of November 2014 . The number of samples that have been collected (100) stool samples, and the number of samples infected is (36) sample ; After samples were examined in direct wet smear method using normal saline, includ the study to investigate and to emphasize the presence of virulence factors amoebapore and phospholipase in parasite using Conventional PCR Technique. The result showed that the infection rate was 36% (100). The age group of l-5 years showed the highest rate of infection (41.6%), while patients aged11-14 years showed the lowest rate of infection (11.1%). The infection rate in male was higher (58.3%) than in female (41.6%). It was found that the majority of cases (61.1%) were from Urban areas. DNA was extracted from positive from stool samples and then after amplified using special designed for primers E. histolytica virulence factors genes that called amoebapore &phospholipase and the amplified DNA passed in Electrophoresis apparatus for DNA. The results showed that the mentioned factors is present in all positive samples of E. histolytica.
Study the Gamma Ray Attenuation of 60Co in the Polyester Composite_Calcium Ferrite Powder Supported Shields
Authors: Maitham Salman Amana
Published: January 2024

This study included the production of composite materials shields of polyester fortified by Calcium Ferrite powder prepared by two different temperature degrees of annealing (800co and 1000co) to get the various size of the used granular powder.Geiger counter tube system used to study of the susceptibility of these shields on gamma radiation attenuation that emitted from the 60Co, were five types of nuclear shielding was prepared, two of them the powder annealed at temperatures 800co different concentrations of the proportion of the addition are 2% and 7% were used in, and the other two the powder annealed at 1000co and with the same concentrations above, the latter type is the pure polyester shield without any addition. The results showed that the linear attenuation coefficient μ increases and transmission coefficient T.F decreases with reinforcement powder concentration increasing in the sample and the granular size of the reinforcement powder increasing , and the relationship between the transmission factor the thickness of the shield X is an inverse, results also showed that the half values layer HVL and tenth value layer values TVL decrease with increasing of reinforcement powder concentration in the polymer and increasing of the granular powder size. The best results were achieved using a shield composite fortified by calcium Ferrite powder that annealed at 1000co with a concentration of 7%, indicating that the best.
Isolation and Diagnosis of Most Frequent Respiratory bacterial Infection from aged cases with and without Kidney Failure in Al-Diwaniya City
Authors: Suaad Abid Fazaa
Published: January 2024

Several types of bacteria (most frequent) were isolated and its responsible on respiratory system infection , 150 sputum specimens were collected from older patients (infected and non-infected kidney failure) coming to Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital; they were distributed among 75 samples from patients with respiratory system infection (group control) and 75 other samples from patients with respiratory system infection and kidney failure. Under study bacterial species were diagnosed by conducting a series of biochemical tests on it, as well as to confirm the diagnosis by Vitek compact 2 system. Results of isolation showed that two types appear of single and mixed infections, which made both of higher isolation by S. pneumoniae by rate of 16.00% and 13.33% in the two groups of control and kidney failure, respectively and followed by S. pyogens in second place by (12.00 and 9.33)%, then S. viridans in third place and recorded equal proportion isolate (9.33%) for both groups as well as it recorded a mixed infections - bilateral (S. pneumoniae + S. pyogens) the highest percentage isolated in the control group (22.67%) compared to kidney failure group (20.00%), while the mixed infections - tripartite had all isolates were higher in kidney failure group than in the control group. Pharmacological sensitivity tested to under study bacterial isolates to ten antibiotics had commonly used to find out how to resist it; S. pneumoniae had shown full and intermediate resistance to the majority of antibiotics under study except Penicillin G, Ciprofloxacin, Amikacin and Tetracycline that had shown sensitivity reached (55.22, 82.55, 80.00 and 60.00)%, respectively, and the same thing applies to S. pyogens except to Tetracycline resistance by 60.00% and equal to resistance and sensitivity (50%) of Cephalothin. S. viridans was sensitive to Penicillin G, Ceftazidime, Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin by (81.55, 81.10, 83.67 and 66.34)%, respectively, while it was given equal resistance and sensitivity (50%) to Ampicillin and Cephalothin, and resisted to other antibiotics. Staph. aureus givensensitivity only to Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin by (88.00 and 54.50)%, respectively, compared to their resistance to other antibiotics. Haemophillus influnza showed that complete resistance to Cephalothin, Tobramycin and Tetracycline, and given semi-complete resistant for Penicillin G and Piperacillin by (85.10 and 75.30) % respectively, while the sensitivity and resistance by Haemophillus influnza were equal to Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin along with intermediate sensitivity to Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime by (55.00 and 59.79)%, respectively. Ps. aeruginosa were fully resistant to under study antibiotics majority except for intermediate sensitivity to Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime by (60.00 and 64.36)%, respectively, along with equal resistance and sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin.
A Study Absorbance and Attenuation Coefficient and Impedance of Y-Type (Ba22 Co2-x Znx Fe12 O22) for Microwaves
Authors: Hashim Ali Usur  , Hussein Taqi John Ali
Published: January 2024

In this research, a compound was prepared from hexagonal Ferrite with a chemical formula of (Ba2Co2-xZnxFe12O22) When the values of (x = 0.8,1,1.2), to study its absorbance ,attenuation coefficient, impedance to the microwaves within therange of X-band (8-12 GHz) and test it using Network Analyzer .The ceramic method (Solid state reaction) was used to to prepare three formulas of this compound:(Ba2Co1.2Zn0.8Fe12O22), (Ba2CoZnFe12O22), and (Ba2Co0.8Zn1.2Fe12O22). Nine samples were prepared with Parallelogram shape to fit the wave guide of the device to test them properly . The tests of the absorbance, the attenuation coefficient and the impedence were carried out for these samples. The results showed that the increase of sintering temperature lead to increase the attenuation coefficient and the absorbance. The best values were found at T= 1250C.It has been found that the compound (Ba2CoZnFe12O22) has the best value of the absorbance and the impedence.
An Evaluation Study of Hospital Acquired Infections in Thi-Qar province, Iraq
Authors: Al-Sadawy Munther Kamel , Khwam Reysan Hussein
Published: January 2024

The present study was evaluated for the six months (1st October 2014 to 30th March 2015), the proportion of acquired infection in the Al-Imam Hussain Teaching Hospital at Al-Nasiriya province south of Iraq has studied. The relationship also estimated between employments and their variables such as age, gender, residence, medical department, social status and different distribution infections among staff in the hospital. The result showed discrepancy rate of occurrence and recording the incidence of cases. Common causes of hospital-acquired infections include urinary bladder catheterization, respiratory procedures, surgery and wounds and intravenous procedures. The most common bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli and Klebseilla spp. respectively. In conclusion, the acquired infection rate is an indicator of quality and safety of care. The development of a surveillance process to monitor this rate is an essential step to identify local problems and priorities, and evaluate the effectiveness of infection control activity.
Isolation and identification of Salmonella from marketing eggs
Authors: Al-Ruaby Khairi Jamil Wahid , Jawad Kadim Issa
Published: January 2024

A study was done in Kut City (Iraq), for detection incidence of Salmonella spp. in local and imported eggs samples. For that purpose 120 samples of eggs, (60) local, (60) imported were obtained from local markets during the period from the February up to May 2012. As results, Salmonella spp. was detected in 54 of 120(45%) local and imported eggs: 30 of 60 (50%) local eggs and 24 of 60 (40%) imported eggs. The prevalence of Salmonella spp in local and imported samples varied between year months with the highest prevalence occurring in May (68.7%) in local and (62.5) in imported eggs. The results of statistical analysis showed significant differences (P>0.05) between local and imported samples of eggs, and there was statistically significant difference (P>0.05) between the months year in prevalence of Salmonella in imported and local eggs. The results of this study showed that eggs are a significant source for Bacterial food poisoning that concerns the public health in Iraq.
A study of p53 and Bcl-2 genes expression and their relation to histopathological variables using DNA in situ hybridization in bladder cancer patients
Authors: Sabrin Hadi Hanash  , Kareem Hamed Ghali  , Mohammed Naji Karim
Published: January 2024

Bladder carcinoma (BC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, it accounts for 6.5% of all cancers, with highest incidence in industrialized countries. The investigation of p53 and bcl-2 expression by using in situ hybridization technique on the formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections and studying their relationships with the histopathological variables (type cells, grade, stage, and invasiveness) of bladder cancer was our aim of this work. In this study we have investigated p53 and bcl2 genes expression as tumor markers in BC. In situ hybridization technique was used to quantitate these markers in tumor tissues. A total of 50 bladder cancer tissues were examined compared with twelve cystitis tissue sections as control group. The results revealed significant differences between p53 and bcl2 overexpression (p=0.001) for both markers. A significant positive correlation between p53 and bcl-2 expression with grade) p=0.003, p=005 respectively) and invasiveness were found (p= 0.002, p= 0.007 respectively), while both gene expression were found to be negatively associated with other histological variables (histological type, stage, gender and age group). The intensity of p53 and bcl-2 overexpression revealed correlation with high grade (p=0.005, p=0.04) respectively, and invasive status (p = 0.01, p=0.05) respectively. In conclusion, this study confirms that p53 and bcl-2 play crucial roles in carcinogenesis process and BC management.
Role of the autoantibodies and IL-1 cytokine in the pathogenesis diabetes mellitus
Authors: Muntadher Ali Alsaidi  , Hussein Sarhan Al- Janabi  , Jaafar K. Al-Mousawi
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a complex multifactorial and heterogeneous syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from inadequate insulin secretion and/or insulin action. T lymphocytes and macrophages appear to play an important role in mediating ß-cell damage and causing Type 1 diabetes.A case-control study is done during the period from Feb., 2011, through the end of Feb. 2012. The study enrolled 90 diabetic patients divided into three groups Type 1, Type2 and LADA ( 30 patients in each group) who attended in Al Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut city & 25 non diabetic as a control to determine the prevalence of islet cell autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (ICAs& GADAs) and measured (IL-1Α α , IL-4, IL17, TNF α, IFN γ) as well as the frequency of HLA DR was measured in diabetic patients and non-diabetic control with no family history of diabetes. Serological tests for GADA & ICA (by using ELISA) have been done for all sera of the study groups. Dual set ELISA technique is used for estimating the cytokines levels in the sera of all study groups while DNA extracted from whole blood from all study groups and these DNA were used to detected the HLA DR allele by using HISTO SPOT SSO system.According to the results of this study, Type 1 diabetic patients had higher frequency of GADA 65 autoantibodies compared with other study groups, as eighteen of them (60%) showed GADA positive in comparison to 6.6 % in type 2 DM, 56.7% in LADA and 0% in control group. Furthermore, twenty of type 1 diabetic patients which represent (66.7%) were ICA positive in comparison to 33.33% in type 2 DM, 70% in LADA and 4% in control group. Statistical analysis showed highly significant difference.Analysis of the serum sample showed that IL-1 α levels has been elevated significantly in the sera of Type 1(635.8± 685 pg./ml), type 2 (625.5± 55.86 pg./ml) and LADA (383.2± 533.5 pg./ml) diabetics patients positive autoantibodies in comparison with other groups type 1, type 2 and LADA diabetics patients negative autoantibodies and healthy control (60±35.21 pg. /ml)