bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERNATIONAL AIR CRIME: ACTUALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT
Authors: Goncharova Natalya N.
Published: July 2024

The author analyzes the concept of "international air crime", updates the issue of the urgent need to formulate a normative definition of the concepts of "transport crimes", "crimes in air transport", "air crimes", "international air crimes" and some others. In the course of the work, scientific ideas about transport crimes, international treaties ratified by the Russian Federation and the internal law of the Russian Federation, including the Air Code and other regulations were analyzed in order to form the legal foundation for ensuring air security, taking into account the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2024 of the year. In order to pose the problem, the author has identified classifications of international air crimes that are promising for scientific research, including crimes where air transport is considered as an object, means and place of commission of a crime. In fact, trends in the development of scientific analysis of basic concepts and characteristics of transport and air crimes are presented from a historical perspective. As a result, the author, summing up the current state of legal regulation of international air crimes and the prospects for the development of a system of norms, gives impetus to the specification of the institution of air safety, the branch of international air law and air legislation of the Russian Federation.
UNODC ACTIVITIES IN THE FIGHT AGAINST ILLICIT ARMS TRAFFICKING
Authors: Saprin Ilya G.
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the activities of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in the field of combating illegal arms trafficking, which is allocated as part of a separate program. The author analyzes the initiatives of UNODC in this area and specific actions taken to reduce the crime rate associated with illegal arms trafficking. The positive aspects of the UNODC initiative in the form of a Global Firearms Program are being considered, and a study of the results provided within the framework of the designated program is being conducted. The main international documents regulating the
legal circulation of weapons are characterized. Special attention is paid to the interaction of the Department with states to prevent criminals from getting weapons, and a number of problems in this area are highlighted. The interaction of UNODC with international law enforcement organizations is analyzed and the effectiveness of this cooperation is evaluated, examples of joint operations and trends in the development of relations are considered. The Department’s active work is noted in terms of compiling and providing training courses for law enforcement agencies. In addition, the study identifies a number of problems and difficulties faced by UNODC in implementing its objectives and achieving goals related to reducing the adverse effects of such a phenomenon as illegal arms trafficking.
ENSURING CRIMINOLOGICAL SECURITY OF THE FINANCIAL MARKET IN RUSSIA
Authors: Bakasov Rifat R.
Published: July 2024

With the introduction of the digital economy and new financial products in Russia, changes have taken place in the financial services market. Against this background, illegal financial activities have sharply increased. This was facilitated by the expansion of information and telecommunication technologies, their use in all spheres of activity, including the development of domestic digital platforms, which increased the implementation of financial transactions in the stock markets, securities market, insurance sector, etc. At the same time, the risks of negative manifestations in the economic sphere have increased, which has influenced the growth of economic crime, which has become more organized, professional and, given the development of digital transformation, transnational. We should not fail to note its corrupt nature. The process launched by the state to stabilize and increase the rate of development of the state economy causes only positive reactions from society, but when the rate of development increases, problems arise, which destructive forces use in their own interests, for personal enrichment, where, breaking the law, they do not consider public opinion, do not pay attention to the state structures responsible for the security of this sector of the economy. It is crimes in the financial market that distinguish criminals of a new format from the old mastodons of criminal activity, and such qualities as high cohesion, organization, and competence allow them to establish control over various systems of life of society and the state, entering not only the sector of business and commerce, but also the budget sector, where continuing to establish monopoly control, lobbying their interests in various spheres of economic activity. One of such spheres at the current stage of formation of the digital economy is the financial market of Russia, which is subject to protection from criminal threats and criminogenic risks. In the current situation we cannot do without mechanisms to ensure the criminological security of the financial market, which requires the definition of the conceptual apparatus, the system of ensuring such security, the creation and construction of its structure and the definition of measures aimed at improving the level of such security. In conclusion of the article the author comes to the conclusion that the financial market of the Russian state does not fully use preventive measures, there are gaps both at the legislative level and in the organization of the financial market, which contributes to the growth of crimes in this area.
LIABILITY FOR THE USE OF SLAVE LABOR (ART. 127.2 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION): PROBLEMS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE OF APPLICATION
Authors: Balugyan Anagid S.
Published: July 2024

The article examines problematic aspects of the application of the rule on criminal liability for the use of slave labor. It is emphasized that, according to current legislation, the use of slave labor as a crime means exclusively the use of human labor in the position of a slave; the use of slave labor presupposes the establishment and ensuring the permanence of the victim’s slave status. The need to prevent these crimes using the norms and mechanisms of the criminal legal order, which act as a central link in the comprehensive provision of the rights of the victim, is outlined. It is noted that when committing the crime in question, the perpetrators use the labor of persons who are in a difficult life situation and do not have a permanent source of income, contrary to their will and desire, with the exercise in relation to these persons of the powers inherent in the right of ownership. Conclusions are drawn about the relationship between such acts as kidnapping, human trafficking and the use of slave labor, which act as links in one chain of homotraffic, as one of the most dangerous types of the criminal market for goods and services. It is indicated that these criminal attacks are characterized by the use of violence (physical and mental), as well as the use of a deliberately helpless or dependent state, which generally raises the issue of their victimological prevention.
NECESSITY OF CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF INFORMATION
Authors: Kur Iosif N.
Published: July 2024

The development of information technologies has resulted in the emergence of the "information society". The basis of the latter is the turnover of information of different content and legal significance, which is the subject of social relations, as well as atypical social and legal value. However, along with the increase in the socio-legal value of information, new threats arise, directly related to the use of information for criminal purposes. The emergence of threats and risks for the individual, society and the state need legal regulation, in particular with the involvement of criminal law means. Criminal law, acting as a legal response of the state to trends in society, establishes the unlawfulness and punishability of acts related to the use of information. However, lawmaking actions (which are associated with the criminalisation and decriminalisation of acts in the criminal law) are not always accompanied by their qualitative content, which directly affects the effectiveness of the protective criminal legal mechanism. In this regard, it is necessary to carefully study the prerequisites for the emergence and disappearance of criminal-legal prohibitions, in particular, information prohibitions. These prerequisites, revealing the necessity (or social conditionality) of criminal-legal protection, are designed to give a comprehensive and objective assessment of the phenomena occurring in society, possessing the sign of public danger. It is this assessment that should be the basis for legislative changes arising in the criminal law. The social conditionality of criminal-legal protection of information consists in the increased nature and degree of public danger of acts in the information sphere, expressed in quantitative and qualitative criteria.
CRIMINOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF A PERSON COMMITTING ILLEGAL ACTS IN PLACES OF FORCED DETENTION OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES
Authors: Makarov Andrey N.
Published: July 2024

The following categories of persons may be held in places of forced detention of internal affairs bodies: persons detained on suspicion of committing crimes; suspects and accused of committing crimes against whom a preventive measure in the form of detention has been chosen and persons sentenced to imprisonment. The main purpose of the functioning of places of forced detention is to ensure that a person in such an institution does not have the opportunity to further commit illegal acts, including crimes. But, often, this goal is not always achieved. Some persons in places of forced detention commit illegal actions of various nature and severity of consequences. At the same time, these persons may belong to the category of persons forcibly placed in these institutions and to the category of employees serving and working in these institutions. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to carefully study the identity of a person who is in places of forced detention of internal affairs bodies, make up his criminological portrait and choose the necessary tactics to combat crime in such places.
INVOLVEMENT OF MINORS IN THE CRIMINAL ENVIRONMENT AS A CRIMINAL LEGAL CATEGORY: QUESTIONS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors: Medvedeva Darya D.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the category of involvement of minors in the criminal environment within the framework of the criminal law analysis of Article 150 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Statistical data reflecting the dynamics of juvenile delinquency over the period from 2019 to 2023, as well as the number of serious and especially serious crimes committed by them, are presented in order to trace the impact of involving minors in the criminal environment on the possibility of subsequent commission by these persons of a single or group crime in the future. In addition, the main legislative and practical omissions related to the insufficient regulation of the mechanism for involving minors in criminal activity are outlined. The list of possible ways of such involvement of adolescents by adults has been supplemented. The main ways of preventive and preventive work in this area are also formulated in order to reduce and prevent the development of this negative phenomenon. Special attention is paid to the issue of the expediency of using the concept of "minor" in the context of Article 150 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The main analysis of the study is associated with the need to identify a causal relationship between the involvement of a minor in a criminal environment and the subsequent increase in the total proportion of crimes committed by minors independently or in a group. In conclusion, the author concludes that it is necessary to improve legislation and law enforcement practice in order to reduce the overall level of involvement of minors in the criminal environment, as well as to develop more effective preventive measures.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE CENTER ON MIGRATION ISSUES
Authors: Letaeva Yelena A. , Mayorova Yelena N.
Published: July 2024

Regulation of migration processes is one of the main tasks of the state. The effectiveness of the activities of entities exercising control and oversight functions in the field of migration depends on the competencies assigned to them in this area. The article discusses the issue of creating a Center for Migration Issues of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. In particular, attention was drawn to the fact that this Center was created within the framework of the powers available to the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, which entailed a redistribution of functional responsibilities between existing units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs in the field of migration. In addition, the authors examine the powers, goals, objectives, as well as the place of the Center in question in the system of units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs on migration issues. Particular attention is paid to the distinctive features of its activities. In addition, the article provides an analysis of regulatory legal acts that were amended in connection with the adoption of the Center for Migration Issues
LEGAL STATUS AND LEGAL POSITION OF PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE WAGNER PMC)
Authors: Uporov Alexandr G. , Uporov Kirill A.
Published: July 2024

The article provides an analytical assessment of the legal regulation of the activities of a private military company on the example of PMC “Wagner”. The purpose of the article is to study the process of legalization of a private military company in Russia and to consider it as an element of the country’s defense capability system. Achievement of the intended goal was carried out by studying normative legal acts of both the Russian Federation and international ones. The result of the study is the consideration of legal legalization of PMCs, in compliance with international standards, in particular, the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949. The authors also proposed legal recommendations on legal regulation of the legal status and legal position of PMC “Wagner”.
CONCEPT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF CHILDREN’S HEALTH
Authors: Bogdanova Yelena N.
Published: July 2024

By the end of the 20th century, the relevance of problems in the field of children’s health care was associated with the low efficiency of the implementation of the “Fundamentals of legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of citizens” dated July 22, 1993 No. 5487-1, which led to the adoption in 2011 of the Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Protection health of citizens in the Russian Federation” No. 323-FZ. However, according to a number of comments, issues of protecting children’s health do not fully comply with the current requirements in the healthcare sector of the Russian Federation. In the article, on the basis of scientifically based provisions, the author’s concept of legal regulation of children’s healthcare in the Russian Federation (Concept) is developed and its main provisions are formulated. It has been proven that the author’s Concept should act as a result of the positive activities of the state policy of legal regulation of children’s healthcare in the Russian Federation, systematizing a number of key provisions of the legal institutions of the legislative framework for restrictions on the scope of action. It is argued that the working concept faces this fundamental gap in terms of the general regulation of children’s healthcare issues in the Russian Federation — the lack of a basic law, the possibility of implementing an effective mechanism for regulating relations in the field of children’s healthcare in the Russian Federation, aimed at ensuring children’s rights — health protection and assistance.
Revision of The Total Hip Artroplasty Previously Placed False Acetabulum
Authors: Kurtboğan Mahmut , Işık Cengiz , Alkan Cemal , Turhan Mahmut Timur
Published: July 2024

A 43-year-old female patient underwent total hip arthroplasty as a result of coxarthrosis in an external center, and it was observed that the acetabular cup was placed in the false acetabulum. Later, as a result of the examination and examination performed on the patient who applied to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of hip pain, loosening of the acetabular cup was found and revision total hip arthroplasty was performed approximately 26 months after the first surgery. The acetabular cup, which was previously placed in the false acetabulum, was left in place to act as a bone stock in the superior acetabulum. There were no complications in the patient's follow-up and clinical improvement was observed in the patient.
Evaluation of Plummer-Vinson syndrome in pediatric patients with dysphagia
Authors: Garip Sevinç
Published: July 2024

Aim: In our study, after excluding all other causes of dysphagia in the pediatric age, we tried to present the patients who were followed up and treated with the diagnosis of Plummer-Vinson syndrome(PWS) with iron deficiency anemia and dysphagia. Our aim is to emphasize that there may be dysphagia that can only be cured with anemia treatment and that it can be improved with treatment by a pediatrician.
Material method: Pediatric patients who applied to our hospital with the complaint of dysphagia between May 2019-November 2020 were included in the study. After excluding all other causes of dysphagia, patients diagnosed with PWS were evaluated retrospectively. It was aimed to evaluate the age, gender, type, characteristics and duration of dysphagia of the patients retrospectively and to present them in the light of the literature.
Results: PWS was detected in 24 of 200 pediatric patients who presented with dysphagia. The proportion of male patients was 37.5%, and their mean age was 97 months. The mean duration of dysphagia complaints was 11.2 months. Four patients had difficulty swallowing liquid food only, 12 patients had solid swallowing difficulties, and 8 patients had difficulty swallowing both solid and liquid food. Anemia was diagnosed by performing a complete blood count and having hemoglobin and hematocrit levels below 2 standard deviations appropriate for age; Those with vitamin B12 levels below 200 pg/ml were defined as cobalamin deficiency. Esophageal web was detected in 4 patients who underwent contrast esophagography. In esophagogastroduodensoscopy, stenosis was treated endoscopically in patients with web. In 20 patients, dysphagia did not persist after six months of iron deficiency anemia treatment.
Conclusion: Although the diagnosis of PVS is rare in children, it should be considered and treated in all children with dysphagia associated with iron deficiency anemia. Patients whose complaints continue after treatment at the appropriate dose and duration should be referred for pediatric gastroenterology evaluation.
Pengaruh Rasio Profitabilitas terhadap Price to Book Value (PBV) Pada Industri Tekstil dan Garmen di BEI Tahun 2020-2022
Authors: Lestari Lestari , Erdiana Atty
Published: July 2024

This research examines the influence of Return on Assets (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE) on the Price to Book Ratio with the research object of the textile and garment industry on the IDX in 2020-2022. The total population of this industry is 19 companies, and researchers used a saturated sampling technique so that a member of the population became the sample. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the help of the SPSS statistical program. The research results show that return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) have a significant influence on price-to-book value (PBV). Meanwhile, partial Return on Assets (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE) have a significant influence on Price to Book Value (PBV).
Pengaruh Brand Image, Kualitas Produk Dan Brand Ambassador Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian
Authors: Sandradewi Made Dita Pramesti , Nurlinda R. A
Published: July 2024

This research tests and analyzes the influence of brand image, product quality, and brand ambassador simultaneously and partially on purchasing decisions to determine the dominant variables that influence purchasing decisions. This research uses quantitative data with primary data obtained through distributing questionnaires using Google Forms. This research used a sample of 200 respondents with the criteria of having purchased. It used Nike shoes, having seen Kevin Durant as a brand ambassador, aged > 17 years, residing in the Jabodetabek area. The collected questionnaires will be measured using the three-box method and tested for suitability using validity and reliability tests. The data analysis technique used is the multiple linear regression test. Based on the analysis results, it is known that the variables brand image, product quality, and brand ambassador simultaneously and partially have a positive effect on purchasing decisions. Furthermore, the results show that brand image is the most dominant variable influencing purchasing decisions. It is hoped that the results of this research can be a reference for the Nike company to strengthen the brand image of its products. A strong brand image can increase the program’s success in attracting or re-engaging new consumers.
Analisis Fasilitas dan Kepuasan Terhadap Pengembangan Identitas Ikon (Brand Image) Tugu Ketem Remangok Kota Pangkalpinang
Authors: Juliansyah Ari , Muhamad Nur , Arpandi Dian , Siregar Doni Adrian
Published: July 2024

Pangkalpinang City, as the capital of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, has presented several icons of various nuances. However, of all the icons in Pangkalpinang City, the Ketem Remangok monument icon is not much sought after by the public. So, the problem formulation in this research is as follows: 1) How does the facility (X1) partially influence the brand image (Y) at the Ketem Remangok Monument, Pangkalpinang City? 2) How does satisfaction (X2) partially influence Brand Image (Y) at the Ketem Remangok Monument, Pangkalpinang City? and 3) How do facilities (X1) and satisfaction (X2) influence the Brand Image (Y) simultaneously at the Ketem Remangok Monument, Pangkalpinang City? This research is quantitative, and the sampling technique used in this research is accidental sampling. The sample in this study was 83 respondents who were visitors to the Ketem Remangok Monument, Pangkalpinang City. Data analysis techniques use Validity, Reliability, and Hypothesis Testing (t-Test and F-Test). The variable indicators X1 are public facilities, interior design, exterior design, and cleanliness. The indicator variable X2 is memory, privilege, and pleasure. Meanwhile, the indicators for variable Y are beliefs, impressions, decisions, and actions. In the validity test, all items were declared valid, and the research instrument items were also declared reliable in the reliability test. The result is that there is a positive and significant influence between the facility variable and the brand image variable partially. There is also a positive and significant influence between the satisfaction and partial brand image variables. The F test shows that the facility and satisfaction variables simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the brand image variable. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant favorable influence from the facility and satisfaction variables partially or simultaneously on the development of product identity (Brand Image) at the Ketem Remangok Monument, Pangkalpinang City
Analisis Kepuasan Generasi Z terhadap Layanan E-Commerce: Implementasi Distribusi Binomial
Authors: Rahmadina Alya Rahmadina , Raynara Heickel , Purnama Shine'on Najla , Ersa Zahran
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the probability of success in testing the quality of e-commerce services. The variables in this research consider the quality of e-commerce services and customer satisfaction, which are then grouped again based on dimensions. The dimensions of e-commerce services are product availability, delivery, and information and complaints. A binomial distribution is used to estimate the indicators in that dimension. Indicators in this dimension include product availability, delivery time, price and reliability, product quality and condition, customer complaints and return policies, and information quality. Success and samples were taken with n equal to 14 respondents as one representative of each study program. The population N is modeled using a binomial distribution by conducting n experiments. Each trial has two possible outcomes, namely success or failure. The probabilities of success and failure are expressed jointly by p and 1-p. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The results of this research are p (strongly agree) = 0.191, p (agree) = 0.466, p (somewhat agree) = 0.269, p (disagree) = 0.046 and p (strongly disagree) = 0.027. Strongly agree, agree, and so on, state the respondent's answer to the statement about Shopee's service quality. The probability of success will increase when the sample size is smaller than a considerable probability value based on trials with varying n and x values.
Components of Transformational Leadership vis-à-vis Employee Engagement among Police Officers in Angeles City
Authors: Abique Jessie R.
Published: July 2024

Previous studies showed the link between transformational leadership and employee engagement in private companies. However, no studies have correlated transformational leadership and employee engagement in public sector services such as the police. This study used a descriptive survey design and convenience sampling among police officers in Angeles City and found that police personnel in Angeles City are highly engaged, enjoy their work, feel connected to their colleagues and have positive feelings about the organization. The Pearson moment correlation was used to test correlations and found that employee engagement is not correlated with transformational leadership’s aspects. This lends validity to earlier studies showing how transformative leadership affects employee engagement.
VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA EM PACIENTES COM SÍNDROME DO DESCONFORTO RESPIRATÓRIO AGUDO (SDRA)
Authors: Da Silva David Júlio , Gomes Pereira Jennyfer , Costa Kamila , Barbosa Godinho Laura , Dos Reis Gomes Maria Eliane , Passos Xisto Sena , De Souza Dias Cristina , De Melo Thalissa Cristine
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo averiguar os efeitos gerados pelo uso da Ventilação Mecânica (VM) no tratamento de pacientes com Síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA). Métodos: Foi realizada revisão integrativa da literatura, sendo pesquisado nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), nas bases de dados literatura Latino-Americano e do Caribe em Ciências da saúde (Lilacs) e na literatura internacional em ciências da saúde (Medline); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e no site do National Center for Biotecnology Information (NCBI), na base de dados PubMed, sendo utilizados para a revisão de literatura apenas artigos publicados a partir de 2019, compondo pesquisas originais. Resultados: Verificou-se que a personalização da VM e a remoção extracorpórea de dióxido de carbono não diminuiram a mortalidade nos pacientes, porém o estudo que utilizou o Volume Corrente Baixo (VCB)  pode apresentar resultados benéficos. Além disso, a eficácia da Pressão Motriz Limitada (LDP) e Volume Corrente Baixo (LTV) não foram encontrados diferença significativa. Ademais, o nível de tomografia de impedância elétrica (PEEPEIT) e a pressão transpulmonar expiratória final positiva (PEEPL) estão associados à melhora dos pacientes com SDRA. Conclusão: Nesse artigo, averiguou-se que a VM desempenha um papel crucial, especialmente em casos de insuficiência respiratória, podendo reduzir a taxa de mortalidade, determinar distribuição mais homogênea de ventilação e minimizar unidades hipoventiladas dorsais, e menor estresse dinâmico.
Fibromyalgia Review: Remembering What it is and Differentiating What it is Not
Authors: Soloway S  , NL Depace , Colombo J  , JK Weksel
Published: July 2024

1.1. Introduction: Fibromyalgia has become the catch-all disorder for unexplained pain syndromes. As a result, many other disorders (e.g., Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder) have been misdiagnosed and, as a result, mismanaged. Fibromyalgia is a defined Rheumatological disorder characterized by chronic pain from 11 of 18 tender points typically bilateral and above and below the diaphragm lasting more than 6 months. 1.2. Methods: We studied 418 patients previously diagnosed with Fibromyalgia, who presented to five suburban autonomic clinics. All patients submitted to Parasympathetic and Sympathetic (P&S) monitoring as part of the standard of care in these clinics and treated for P&S dysfunction and pain as diagnosed. Data were compiled under HIPAA regulations and statistical analysis performed in SPSS v27.
Addressing Loss and Damage from Climate Change Through Tokenized Rainfall Futures
Authors: Charles Don , McLean Sheldon
Published: July 2024

The objective of the study was to explore how finance to cover the cost of loss and damage from climate change can be mobilized through weather derivatives. More specifically, a futures contract was considered as the derivative to mobilize the financing. To integrate the recent advancements in finance and technology, tokenized weather derivatives can be considered. This study contributes to the literature as it proposes a pricing mechanism for the proposed loss and damage futures. The futures price should be a function of the contract size, the difference between the expected rainfall in the future, and the threshold or long-run average rainfall. This pricing approach is adopted since it allows the price to rise when excess rainfall occurs, which in turn is responsible for loss and damage. Therefore, the forecast of the rainfall should be of significant interest of the economic agent seeking to hedge the loss and damage with the futures. A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model was used for forecasting. The LSTM performed better than traditional linear models such as the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (EGARCH) models, as it can capture the non-linear dynamics of the rainfall data.
 
Received: 11 November 2023 | Revised: 11 May 2024 | Accepted: 13 July 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available at https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1psAtdbC9xTkM4tDB_t26mQ9Z5UVxz6gW/edit?gid=476954111#gid=476954111.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Don Charles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, resources, data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Sheldon McLean: Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing.
Unexcused Absences and Failures: Dissecting the Variability in Course Credit Policies and Freshman Course Failure
Authors: Morris Sarah Ruth , McKenzie Sarah
Published: July 2024

This policy analysis examines the implementation of A.C.A. 6-18-222, a statewide policy in Arkansas that addresses unexcused absences and the subsequent consequences for course credit among students. Utilizing anonymized student-level data from the 2020-21 and 2021-22 school years, which includes a total of 65,651 freshmen, the study investigates the variability in policy implementation across districts. It also examines the differing language used to dictate the consequences of exceeding unexcused absence thresholds. Our multivariate logistic regression models demonstrate that students eligible for Free and Reduced Lunch (FRL) are notably more likely to fail a course after surpassing their district's absence threshold. Moreover, the data reveal that upon reaching this threshold, students are significantly more likely to fail core courses as opposed to non-core courses. These findings illuminate the variations in local policy implementation and their impact on student academic outcomes, emphasizing the importance of uniform policy enforcement to ensure equitable educational opportunities.
 
 
Received: 11 April 2024 | Revised: 12 June 2024 | Accepted: 17 July 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Sarah Ruth Morris: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Visualization, Project administration. Sarah McKenzie: Conceptualization, Resources, Writing - review & editing, Supervision.
Mirikizumab as Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Cheedarala Ventakata Raju
Published: July 2024

A monoclonal antibody called mirikizumab is used to treat ulcerative colitis. It is marketed under the Omvoh brand. It is intended to bind to interleukin-23 (IL-23) and obstruct its function. Upper respiratory tract (nose and throat) infections, headaches, rashes, and injection site responses (when administered by subcutaneous injection) are the most frequent adverse effects. In the United States in October 2023 and the European Union in May 2023, mirikizumab was authorized for medicinal use. For the treatment of people with moderately to highly active ulcerative colitis who have not responded well to, have lost responsiveness to, or are intolerant to either biologic therapy or conventional therapy, mirikizumab is suggested. A subset of people with ulcerative colitis (UC) do not react to currently available medications, despite advancements in UC medical therapy. Many innovative medications have recently acquired regulatory approval for use in UC, or are in the latter stages of development. The novel antibody mirikizumab, which is given intravenously (IV), binds to the inflammatory protein interleukin 23 and inhibits its function, preventing inflammation from being triggered. For individuals with moderately to highly active UC, mirikizumab would therefore provide an additional therapy choice if legalized.
The Role of Food and Nutrition education in improving Dietary Habits
Authors: P Kadaksha
Published: July 2024

To find out whether teens' involvement in a non-profit organization's Food and Nutrition education program resulted in a change in the quantity of food they ate. Fifty-five low-income teenagers participating in an NGO received a six-month nutritional intervention that included six visits with dietitians and strategic communication and relationship initiatives. At baseline and after the intervention, body weight, height, BMI, nutrition and eating behaviors questionnaire, one day recall and diet quality evaluation of the Digital Food Guide's Diet Quality Index were collected. Dietary pattern improvement required a 5-point rise in the Digital Food Guide's Diet Quality Index. Food labels were better understood and daily and weekend eating habits. Fruits, vegetables, dairy goods, legumes, and milk consumption increased (adequate components). However the intake of whole grains and nuts was low while that of items that should be eaten in moderation was high. The effort altered the eating habits of teenagers, making it a practical and affordable way to promote health, avoid illness. The diet quality index in the digital meal guide has also proven useful for analyzing dietary changes and directing future counseling and nutritional intervention efforts.
Perioceutics- A Review
Authors: Yadav Enakshi
Published: July 2024

Periodontitis is the most common disease entity affecting oral cavity next to dental caries. In the earliest stage the infection affects the gums and as the disease progress, the supporting structures of the tooth are affected.
Determination Of Total Phenolic And Antioxidant Activity Of Wild Cherry Tomatoes – Solanum Peruvianum: Sample From Awang Sekmai, Manipur.
Authors: Anandi Devi Maharabam
Published: July 2024

Objective: An investigation was carried out to assess the total phenolic, antioxidant characteristics, antioxidant components, and antioxidant enzyme activity in developed cherry tomato breeding lines at the point of harvest when the tomatoes are completely mature and have turned red in colour.
Green Chemistry Approach To Improve Physicochemical Properties Of Glimepiride Through Eutectic Mixture Formation
Authors: Gill Shareen
Published: July 2024

Glimepiride (GL) is an oral hypoglycaemic agent with compromised solubility. The present work is intended to improve the solubility of this drug by formation of binary eutectic mixtures.
Prediction of Student Depression State of Mind Using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Harshitha S  , Hemanth Kumar
Published: July 2024

one of the current major issues for people in the modern world is depressive disorders, the health issue is what could negatively influence people. Many students nowadays are suffering from depression. Struggling students are for one cannot see or comprehended their health problems. In this work, prediction of student depression is conducted using the method known as the Linear Regression (LR), under the domain of supervised Machine Learning (ML) techniques. Information includes social contacts, academic achievement and other types of data. It checks whether a student is depressed or not. This approach mainly applies accuracy of the predicted values using r-squared (r2) and root mean squared error (rmse).
Framing and the Social Construction of Violence in Select Online News Discourse on the 2023 General Elections in Nigeria
Authors: Aluya Isaiah , Terver Jime
Published: July 2024

Violence undermines the democratic character of elections, and the news discourse is a significant route through which such issue is socially constructed. This study investigates how the Vanguard and Arise News employed transitivity theory as an interpretive schema in framing the violence that marked the 2023 general elections in Nigeria to determine the impact of election violence on voters. Fourteen extracts (7 each from Vanguard and Arise News) as well as responses from 20 participants (5 each from the fields of Journalism, education, accounting and public relations) were purposively selected and analysed using mixed methods comprising descriptive content analysis and in-depth interviews. The findings unveil both news reports’ usage of material, verbal, and relational processes as frames to foreground shades of electoral violence such as the snatching of ballot boxes, disrupting of the voting process, intimidating of voters, disrupting of the collation of results, kidnapping of INEC officials, decimating of innocent citizens, vandalizing of polling units, assaulting of election observers, and carting away of electoral materials. Transitivity processes highlight power relations between groups as well as label certain groups positively and others negatively. The responses from the in-depth interview reveal that electoral violence have a detrimental influence on voters because it produces feelings of dissatisfaction, dread, and dejection in them thereby preventing them from wanting to vote in subsequent elections.
Speech act of claiming among Cameroonian and Chadian French speakers
Authors: Avodo Avodo Joseph
Published: July 2024

This article examines the ways in which Cameroonian and Chadian speakers are producing the speech act of claiming. The study focuses on situations in which the speaker occupies the position of claimant. The aim of the study is to describe the main pragmatic variations between the two groups of speakers. The methodological approach is based on variational pragmatics. The results show that the strategies are similar, but there are strong differences in the types of formulations and mitigation strategies. The results indicate that the Cameroonian data presented more indirect realisations of acts than the Chadian data. Participants from both language communities used a variety of markers to modify their claims. External modifications typically included politeness forms, forms of address, apologies, justifications, greetings and thanks. Internal modifications also included modalisers and minimisers.
A Critical Pragmatic Analysis of some Selected Songs of Ilerioluwa Oladimeji Aloba (MohBad)
Authors: Makinde Peter , Chikezie Chinasa Nora , Onebunne Lucky
Published: July 2024

This study investigates a critical pragmatic analysis of some selected songs of Ilerioluwa Oladimeji Aloba (MohBad). Specifically, the study focuses on Speech Act analysis of the selected songs and ascertains the ways speech acts are expressed in these songs. Two research questions: What speech acts are represented in Mohbad’s songs? And to what extent are the tenets of speech acts expressed in Mohbad’s Songs? guided this study. The theory of the Pragmatic Act introduced by Jacob Mey (2001) is used as the theoretical foundation of the study. The research is categorized as descriptive qualitative research. The data for the study consists of selected songs of Ilerioluwa Oladimeji Aloba: ‘Ask About Me’, ‘Feel Good’ and ‘Peace’. These songs were selected based on the complex and multifaceted narratives which mirror the songwriter’s life and struggles. The songs’ lyrics are made available and readily accessed from music streaming platforms like Spotify, Apple Music, and YouTube for lyric references. The findings of the study reveal that the lyrics of Aloba’s songs show a variety of speech acts such as assertions, declarations, interrogatives, expressive utterances and commission, all of which help reveal his journey from hardship to fame and how he accomplished acceptance, his challenges and resilience, his defiance and self-assuredness; and his boldness in engaging his listeners. These have revealed the depth of meaning and intention of the songwriter beyond the lyrics of the songs.
Morphological Characterization of Local Jinten Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry) in Wakasihu Village, West Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency
Authors: Polpoke Siti Maharani , Mahulette Asri Subkhan , Lesilolo Marthini Kristina
Published: July 2024

Clove jinten are one of the local cloves cultivated in Wakasihu Village, West Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. Until now, there has not been much information about various studies related to the morphology of cloves Jinten. The research aims to analyze the morphological characters of local cloves jinten and identify the plant's descriptor characters. The research was carried out in Wakasihu Village, West Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province in January - May 2024. The research results based on Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) showed two large groups with a dissimilarity coefficient of 14.30% (similarity of 85.70%). Group I consisted of 4 accessions clustered with a dissimilarity coefficient of 12.80% (similarity 87.20%) and group II consisted of 26 accessions with a dissimilarity coefficient of 12.50% (similarity 87.50%). Group II in the grouping is also divided into two groups, namely group II-a which consists of 20 accessions with a dissimilarity coefficient of 11.80% (similarity 88.20%) and group II-b which consists of 6 accessions with a dissimilarity coefficient of 12% (similarity 88%). Characteristics of cloves jinten based on Principle Component Analysis (PCA) were obtained in the form of leaf length, leaf area, leaf stalk length, flower stalk length, fruit length, fruit width and fruit weight.
Diagnosis and management of frailty
Authors: Cho Belong , Shim Hayoung
Published: July 2024

Background: Frailty, a syndrome characterized by reduced physiological reserve and heightened susceptibility to stressors, impairs homeostasis across physical, psychological, and physiological domains in older adults. Approximately 50% of older Korean adults are frail or pre-frail, which highlights the need for targeted interventions in community healthcare and primary care settings.Current Concepts: Various methods, including use of physical and biological markers and health deficit analysis are available for frailty assessment; the Frailty Phenotype and Frailty Index are widely used screening tools. Following advances in technology, electronic health records and big data play a key role in identifying potential biomarkers. Considering the multifaceted nature of frailty, comprehensive geriatric assessments are recommended for holistic evaluation and management, based on a patient’s medical, psychological, and functional capabilities. Effective management can reverse frailty, which emphasizes the importance of early detection and multidisciplinary interventions. International and national guidelines propose a comprehensive approach focusing on modifiable risk factors, physical activity, a balanced diet, chronic disease management, social participation, and regular review of medication regimens. Personalized care plans based on comprehensive assessments are essential to enhance or maintain the residual function of frail older adults to improve their quality of life and reduce the need for long-term care.Discussion and Conclusion: Timely and effective management of potentially reversible frailty highlights the importance of prompt detection and a multidisciplinary approach to care. International and national guidelines recommend a holistic management strategy. Tailored care plans based on comprehensive geriatric assessments are pivotal in improving or maintaining the functional capabilities of frail elderly individuals to enhance their quality of life.
Diagnosis and management of sarcopenia
Authors: Choi Jung-Yeon , Kim Kwang-il
Published: July 2024

Background: Sarcopenia refers to the progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function and is associated with falls, fractures, hospitalization, and even mortality. Owing to rapid population aging, the prevalence of sarcopenia is expected to increase, and this condition is increasingly gaining attention as an important topic in research and clinical settings. This review focuses on the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of sarcopenia.Current Concepts: Diagnosis of sarcopenia can be confirmed based on low muscle mass accompanied by low muscle strength, or low physical performance. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia guidelines are commonly used in clinical practice. Intrinsic factors associated with skeletal muscles, such as inflammation, anabolic resistance, mitochondria, and neuromuscular junctions, combined with extrinsic factors associated with the systemic environment, including decreased endocrine function, malnutrition, and immobilization all play a role in impaired muscle anabolism, muscle atrophy, and weakness. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration has not approved any specific medications for treatment of sarcopenia. Therefore, non-pharmacological interventions such as aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise and appropriate nutrition (protein and essential amino acids) are important for prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.Discussion and Conclusion: Sarcopenia is a manageable target for improvement of overall health outcomes. Exercise and nutrition are essential components of nonpharmacological management of sarcopenia. Future studies are needed to identify early diagnostic biomarkers and pharmacologic targets and to develop consistent pre-emptive management strategies and sensitive measures to predict effectiveness of sarcopenia management and treatment response.