bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yield and Stability for agronomic and seed quality traits of common bean genotypes under Mediterranean conditions
Authors: Kargiotidou A. , Papathanasiou F. , Baxevanos D. , Vlachostergios D.N. , Stefanou S. , Papadopoulos I.
Published: March 2019

Common bean is the most significant pulse in Mediterranean countries and high yield performance is required to become commercially successful. Seven common bean genotypes were evaluated for yield and stability along with their interrelationship with agronomical, physicochemical and quality characteristics. An analysis of variance was conducted to test main effects and interactions between plant traits and environments. Significant variation among genotypes occurred for seed yield and a strong positive correlation was observed between seed yield and pods m-2. High Genetic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) values combined with high heritability for traits as seed yield, cooking time, hydration capacity and protein content were recorded. The GGE biplot analysis indicated two cultivars as superior genotypes that combine high yield, stability, short cooking time and high protein content. Furthermore, a local population assessed as promising genetic material for the selection of elite lines with high yield and short cooking time.
Computational assessment of polymorphism with linkage disequilibrium and hotspots of recombination in pathogenic genes of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
Authors: Dixit Supriya , Srivastava Mukesh , Katara Pramod
Published: March 2019

Linkage disequilibrium and recombination rate analysis are the major aspects to study association between nucleotide variations. Species of Fusarium oxysporum includes extensive group of soil and plant pathogens which causes vascular wilt and root diseases to wide range of agricultural crops. Further F. oxysporum is divided into more than 120 formea species (f.sp.) depending upon their hosts. Among all formea species, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is well known pathogen which infects tomato plants and leads towards a destructive disease i.e. “Fusarium wilt”. Our study is focused to analyse association based linkage disequilibrium pattern and recombination rate in five genes of interest for causing pathogenicity in both, plants as well as humans. The fmk1 gene has the highest average nucleotide diversity (ð) value (0.66) and lowest was found in fpr1 (0.54) whereas calculation of average number of nucleotide variation per site showed that gene fpr1 (765) to be highly variating gene and fmk1 (121) to be lowest variating gene. Further, LD analysis all polymorphic sites were considered except those sites which were segregating for three or four nucleotides. LD was calculated in terms of ZnS and variations indicate the success of linkage study and minimum number of recombination event identified in terms of Rm. Through observation it is concluded that the low nucleotide diversity was there, due to the presence of high number of repeated variable nucleotides in sequence because the current estimated LD suggests that it does not extend beyond a few hundreds of base pair.
REGULATORY ADAPTIVE STATUS IN DETERMING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ZOFENOPRIL AND LISINOPRIL IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Nedvetskaya S. N , Shubitidze I. Z , Tregubov V. G , Pokrovsky V. M
Published: April 2019

Goal. Сompare the effectiveness of combination therapy with zofenopril and lisinopril in patients with preserved ejection fraction (CHFpEF) of the left ventricle (LV) in the presence of hypertension disease (HD), considering its impact on the regulatory adaptive status (RAS). Material and methods. 69 patients with CHFpEF in the presence of HD III stage who were randomized into two groups for treatment with zofenopril (17,9±5,9 mg/day, n=35) or lisinopril (14,2±4,3 mg/day, n=34). As part of combination pharmacotherapy, patients were included nebivolol (6,5±1,8 mg/day and 5,8±1,7 mg/day), and acetylsalicylic acid when required (100 mg/day, n=7 and 100 mg/day, n=8), atorvastatin (16,5±4,7 mg/day, n=12 and 15,7±4,8 mg/day, n=14), respectively. Initially and after six months, the following was done: a quantitative evaluation of the RAS (by cardio-respiratory synchronism test), echocardiography, treadmill test, six-minute walking test, determination of the N-terminal precursor of the natriuretic brain peptide level in blood plasma, holter monitoring of blood electrocardiograms, all-day monitoring of pressure, subjective evaluation of quality of life. Results. Both schemes of combined therapy comparatively controlled arterial hypertension, improved functional and structural state of the heart, reduced neurohumoral activity. Compared with lisinopril, the use of zofenopril more positively influenced on RAS, increased exercise tolerance and improved quality of life. Conclusion. The use of zofenopril, in comparison with lisinopril, in patients with CHFpEF LV on the background HD of III stage is preferable due to a more positive effect on RAS.
Validation and the further disclosures of language test design
Authors: Weideman Albert
Published: March 2019

The subjective validation of language tests and their objective validity remain contested. The debate is clouded by a lack of conceptual clarity: every measure of the adequacy of a test is either subsumed under validity, or other test features are promoted to prime consideration. An alternative is to recognize the technical dimension of experience as the leading function of applied linguistic artefacts such as language tests. In its coherence with other dimensions of reality, the technical aspect generates echoes of those others. These references to other facets are the basis of technically stamped, applied linguistic concepts. While a previous analysis referred to a number of foundational concepts in test design, this paper examines the traces of the lingual, social, economic and ethical aspects within the technical. These are all regulative technical ideas, acting as lodestars in the design of language tests. They are disclosures of the technical meaning of test design. Moreover, they allow applied linguistics to conceive of them as design principles, which must be given concrete shape and form in the actual development of language tests. Acknowledging this state of affairs enables the applied linguist to develop a robust and non-reductionist theory of applied linguistics. Opsomming Daar is geen eenstemmigheid oor wat die subjektiewe validering van taaltoetse asook hul objektiewe geldigheid behels nie. Die debat word vertroebel deur 'n gebrek aan konseptuele duidelikheid: elke maatstaf vir die effektiwiteit van 'n toets word óf ingetrek onder geldigheid, óf verhef tot belangrikste oorweging. Die alternatief is om die tegniese dimensie van ons ervaring as die leidende funksie van toegepaste taalkundige artefakte te erken. In sy samehang met ander dimensies genereer die tegniese aspek analogieë van die ander. Daardie verwysings na ander aspekte vorm die basis van tegnies gekwalifiseerde toegepaste taalkundige begrippe. Waar 'n vorige analise na 'n aantal funderende begrippe verwys het, ondersoek hierdie bydrae die linguale, sosiale, ekonomiese en etiese spore in die tegniese aspek. Hierdie analogieë is almal regulatiewe tegniese idees, wat optree as rigtingwysers in die ontwerp van taaltoetse. Hulle is ook ontsluitings van die tegniese betekenis van toetsontwerp. Terselfdertyd maak hulle dit vir die toegepaste taalkunde moontlik om hulle as ontwerpbeginsels te beskou wat in die ontwikkeling van taaltoetse konkrete beslag en vorm te kry. Om hierdie stand van sake ernstig op te neem is vir die toepgepaste taalkundige die beginpunt van die ontwikkeling van 'n robuuste en nie-reduksionistiese teorie van die toegepaste taalkunde.
Conhecimento e adesão à doação de leite humano de parturientes de um hospital público
Authors: Muller Karla Toledo Candido , Pereira de Souza Ana Iara , Ferreira Cardoso Juliana Maria , Palhares Durval Batista
Published: April 2019

Visando identificar o conhecimento e a prática de parturientes sobre a doação de leite humano, foram entrevistadas 30 parturientes, antes e após 15 dias do parto. O banco de leite humano era desconhecido por 53,3% destas, e o processo de doação, por 27,0%, independente do número de consultas no pré-natal. Apesar de 90,0% desejarem doar seu leite, apenas 30,0% o fizeram, sem associação entre desejo e prática. A falta de informação no pré-natal parece limitar essa prática de doação de leite humano.
Indicações Geográficas e desenvolvimento regional no Brasil: a atuação dos principais atores e suas metodologias de trabalho
Authors: Pellin Valdinho
Published: April 2019

O artigo procura discutir a relação entre Indicação geográfica (IG) e desenvolvimento regional a partir da atuação dos principais atores no Brasil. A metodologia é ancorada em pesquisa exploratória. Os principais atores envolvidos nas discussões de IG no Brasil são: MAPA, SEBRAE, INPI e Universidades. Desses atores, a metodologia de trabalho do MAPA é a que mais contribui no estímulo ao desenvolvimento regional.
Estudo etnobotânico em comunidades rurais de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Barreto Marliton Rocha , Spanholi Maira Luiza
Published: April 2019

O objetivo da pesquisa foi registrar os recursos vegetais coletados, cultivados e utilizados pelas famílias residentes em comunidades rurais de Sinop, Mato Grosso. A metodologia utilizada foi a técnica de lista livre e entrevista semiestruturada. Foi determinado o valor de uso, concordância de uso popular e nível de fidelidade das plantas. Foram citadas 217 espécies em 70 famílias botânicas, dessas 66% são para alimentação e 31% para uso medicinal. Os entrevistados demonstraram um conhecimento significativo sobre plantas, bem como a diversidade de usos.
Estudo da ecoeficiência de processos de produção de acrilonitrila
Authors: Bastião Danyelle Soares , Caxiano Igor Nardi , Prata Diego Martinez
Published: April 2019

DestaquesSimulação de processos de produção da acrilonitrila.Simulação das plantas de utilidades para resultados mais realistas.Análise do ganho em ecoeficiência considerando cinco ecoindicadores.O processo com etapa de condensação parcial mostrou-se a opção mais sustentável.ObjetivoAvaliar o ganho em ecoeficiência pela introdução de uma etapa de condensação parcial no processo convencional de produção de acrilonitrila.MetodologiaO processo de produção de acrilonitrila convencional e o modificado, bem como a planta de utilidades associada, foram simulados computacionalmente utilizando o software UniSim Design Suite R390.1. Com base nos resultados, desenvolveram-se cinco ecoindicadores (consumo de água, combustível e energia, emissão de CO2 e geração de efluentes líquidos) que foram simultaneamente avaliados por meio do Índice Comparativo de Ecoeficiência dos processos considerados.ResultadosA modificação do processo convencional de produção de acrilonitrila, realizada a partir da introdução de uma etapa de condensação parcial com o intuito principal de reduzir o consumo da água de processo, resultou em um aumento de 76% na ecoeficiência considerando-se os ecoindicadores empregados no estudo. A redução no consumo de água foi evidenciada pelo cálculo do ecoindicador correspondente, que se mostrou 47% menor para o processo modificado.Limitações da investigaçãoA ecoeficiência foi avaliada desconsiderando-se fatores sociais e de segurança. Além disso, os poucos dados fornecidos sobre o processo e dimensionamento dos equipamentos da seção de recuperação, por parte dos autores de referência, limitou a comparação de resultados.Implicações práticasO trabalho apresenta um exemplo prático do uso de ecoindicadores na análise do aumento da ecoeficiência pela modificação de processos industriais, principalmente para a redução do consumo de água. Embora a modificação avaliada neste trabalho tenha sido implementada em uma planta de produção de acrilonitrila, a metodologia pode ser aplicada de maneira similar a outros processos industriais.OriginalidadeO presente trabalho apresenta uma avaliação quantitativa do ganho em ecoeficiência (destacadamente no que se refere ao consumo de água) pela introdução de uma etapa de condensação parcial no processo convencional de produção de acrilonitrila.
Terceirização em empresas com produção sob encomenda: critérios de decisão
Authors: Beal Cléber , Costa Carlos Alberto , Reis Zaida Cristiane dos , Capoani Matheus
Published: April 2019

A maior parte dos modelos de terceirização abrange critérios de decisão que consideram o cenário de empresas com produção seriada, tal como se verifica na literatura. Assim, este trabalho visa discutir os critérios de tomada de decisão quanto à terceirização por empresas com produção sob encomenda, ou seja, de produtos customizados. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza exploratória e caráter descritivo, do tipo estudo de casos múltiplos, que considerou três dimensões de análise: arranjos empresariais, competências essenciais e o ambiente de terceirização. Os resultados revelaram duas percepções quanto à terceirização em um cenário de produção sob encomenda: uma otimista e outra que considera a terceirização como alternativa para a resolução de problemas imediatos. Foram evidenciados os seguintes critérios decisórios quanto à terceirização: ênfase na competência essencial, agregação de valor, solução para problema momentâneo, transformação de custo fixo em variável e redução de custos. Conclui-se que os resultados aprovam a adoção dessa proposta avaliativa para ambientes de produção sob encomenda, podendo as dimensões definidas e o instrumento proposto ser utilizados em cenários de ambiente de produção semelhantes.
Analisis Partisipasi Pinjaman Rumah Tangga pada Lembaga Keuangan Mikro terhadap Tingkat Kesejahteraan
Authors: Aprilia Ariz , Ananda Rima Restu
Published: April 2019

This study aims to analyze the eect of household loan participation on microﬁnance (LKM) on the level of welfare in the form of expenditure for education and health by using IFLS data in 2014. The methods used are Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Instrumental Variable (IV). The results of the analysis show that households that make loans are proven to have higher levels of education spending, especially for households in urban areas. Meanwhile, the existence of household loans did not have a signiﬁcant effect on health expenditure. The conclusion of this study is that household loans only affect expenditure for education, especially for urban households. ================================ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh partisipasi pinjaman rumah tangga pada LKM terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan dalam bentuk pengeluaran untuk pendidikan dan kesehatan dengan menggunakan data IFLS tahun 2014. Metode yang digunakan adalah Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dan Instrumental Variable (IV). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rumah tangga yang melakukan pinjaman terbukti memiliki tingkat pengeluaran pendidikan yang lebih tinggi, terutama untuk rumah tangga di perkotaan. Sementara itu, adanya pinjaman rumah tangga ternyata tidak berpengaruh signiﬁkan terhadap pengeluaran untuk kesehatan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pinjaman rumah tangga pada LKM hanya berpengaruh terhadap pengeluaran untuk pendidikan, terutama bagi rumah tangga di perkotaan.
Automatic fall monitoring using the floor vibration
Authors: Tarabini Marco , Gocanin Filip , Saggin Bortolino , Scaccabarozzi Diego , Bocciolone Marco
Published: April 2019

This work investigates the possibility of monitoring the activity and the falls of people in dwellings using three or more accelerometers fixed on the ground. The main difference between the proposed method and existing ones is the use of acceleration to estimate the impact force by using the apparent mass of the floor; the latter is experimentally identified in each room in which the tests were performed using the heel drop test. The study has two parts: 1. the apparent masses of different dwellings’ floors have been measured. 2. the ground reaction force is studied using a purposely designed force platform with a surface of approximately 2 m x 1 m. The force platform allowed the measurement of the forces generated by the falls of 21 subjects, of a crash test dummy (falling in front or rear direction from seated and standing position, with or without the interposition of objects on the trajectory), and of common objects (e.g. dishes, water bottles, books). The impact location is estimated by triangulation, using a wavelet algorithm derived from the existent literature. The results show the possibility of identifying the presence of subjects inside the room and the fall of subjects in the majority of dwellings. We conclude that the proposed method allows a clear distinction between the fall of subjects and objects, given that the difference in terms of force (which is estimated from the floor’s apparent mass and from the measured acceleration) is at least of one order of magnitude.
The Marketing Values in News Production
Authors: Tahat Khalaf
Published: March 2019

The main purpose of this study is to test the proposed marketing model in news production by applying it to the contentofanon-Western news organization as well as to explore the degree to which this proposed model predicts the type of media content patterns. Content analysis was used on the English (AJE) and the Arabic (AJA) versions of Al Jazeera news websites from January 1, 2014 to April 30, 2014. A systematic random sample of 358 stories from AJA news stories was selected, and the same sampling procedure yielded 234 stories constituting the AJE sample. The findings of the study revealed that Al Jazeera reflects marketing values at a moderate level (5.93 out of 11) at the marketing model. At individual level of each news website, AJE scores higher on marketing measures than AJA. AJA reflects the marketing values at the end top of the low level (3.85 out of 11), and AJE reflects the marketing values in the middle of the moderate level (5.87 out of 11). The chi square test shows that there are statistically significant differences.
Data Analytics Enforced Content-Based Fitness Recommender System for Individuals without Allergies and Ailments
Authors: Aquino James Roy Vicente , Barrientos Lovely Joy Mariano , Coloma Madeline Castro , Lacar Larissa Vivien Santos , Acang James Patrick Apostol
Published: March 2019

The society these days is bounded with inactive and unhealthy lifestyle.  According to the recent studies, there is a rapid increase of individuals suffering and dying from diseases caused by poor diet and unhealthy lifestyle. In view of this, knowing the right kind of food to eat, and the appropriate exercise is essential in achieving good health.  Being fit relates to good health, and healthy living makes life longer and happier. The objective of this study is to develop a system that will recommend its users the appropriate exercise and diet for their daily activities.  Exercise and diet plans were gathered and were validated by experts to ensure utmost level of effectiveness and safety among users.  Linear regression with passive monitoring of user activities was used to estimate and forecast future fitness states of the users.
Utilization of Multiple Short Heat Consumption Measurement Method for Diagnostics of Heat Source of Existing Building: Part 1: Theoretical Basis of the Method
Authors: FOIT Henryk , LUBINA Piotr , TĄTA Dawid
Published: April 2019

The paper presents the way to determine the required heat power for heat source diagnostics for the existing residential building. For this purpose, it was proposed to designate the required thermal power of the building using the original method of multiple short heat consumption measurement in existing residential building with natural ventilation. The first part presents the main ideas of the method.

Streszczenie

W artykule zaprezentowano określanie wymaganej mocy cieplnej dla diagnostyki źródła ciepła istniejącego budynku mieszkalnego. W celu zaproponowano wyznaczanie wymaganej mocy cieplnej budynku z wykorzystaniem oryginalnej metody kilkukrotnego krótkiego pomiaru zużycia ciepła w istniejącym budynku mieszkalnym z wentylacją naturalną. W części pier-wszej przedstawiono główne idee metody.
Forage Nutritional Characteristics of Orchardgrass and Perennial Ryegrass at Five Irrigation Levels
Authors: Jensen Kevin B. , Waldron Blair L. , Asay Kay H. , Johnson Douglas A. , Monaco Thomas A.
Published: April 2019

As water resources become limiting, the need to produce stable amounts of highly nutritional forage increases. An understanding of how levels of irrigation affect crude protein (CP), digestible neutral detergent fiber (dNDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) is critical in pasture forage management. Cultivars of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were established under a line‐source irrigation system to evaluate the effect of five water levels (WLs) and three harvest dates on concentrations of CP, dNDF, IVTD, and NDF. Perennial ryegrass forage had higher CP, dNDF, and IVTD and lower NDF concentrations than orchardgrass at all harvest dates and within WLs. The most notable trend in nutritional value across WLs was the near linear increase in CP ranging from 175 g kg−1 at the wettest WL to 217 g kg−1 at the driest WL. Digestible NDF ranged from 709 to 757 g kg−1 at corresponding WLs. These trends were particularly evident later in the growing season. Orchardgrass maturity (early vs. late) had little effect on forage nutritional characteristics across WLs. Combined over WLs, tetraploid perennial ryegrass cultivars averaged higher concentrations of CP, IVTD, and dNDF and lower NDF values compared with diploid cultivars. In general, as water stress increased, forage nutritional value (i.e., CP and dNDF) increased.
Carbon Dioxide Flux Measurement During Simulated Tillage
Authors: Wuest Stewart B. , Durr Daniel , Albrecht Stephan L.
Published: April 2019

Measurement of tillage effects often includes CO2 flux from soil before and after tillage. Our objective was to create a device to measure CO2 flux continuously before, during, and after a simulated tillage operation. We put an auger inside a chamber to till the soil while monitoring CO2 flux. We tested three soil conditions. First, cores stored long‐term produced large peaks immediately after tillage followed by a steady rate decay. Second, simulated tillage in a summer fallow field produced a more modest peak, a rapid return to pretillage rate, and then a gradual climb in CO2 flux rate over the next 10 min. The third soil condition, having sterilized topsoil, produced a peak and then immediately returned to the pretillage flux rate. We conclude that continuous monitoring before, during, and after tillage will be important for proper interpretation of flux data.
A comparative literature review survey of employee HIV and AIDS-related corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices in small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs) in Zimbabwe and South Africa
Authors: Makwara Tendai , Mutambara Masiwa , W. Magagula-Hlatjwako Sihle
Published: April 2019

This article reviews employee HIV and AIDS-related corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices by small business in Zimbabwe and South Africa. The article aims to present a comparative snapshot of how SMMEs are responding to the epidemic as a basis for developing a CSR framework that could be implemented by SMMEs in both countries. The article applies an exploratory literature review methodology to extract data from secondary sources. Research findings show that HIV and AIDS-related CSR in Zimbabwe appear disengaged from the direct influence of corporate business, the opposite of what South African SMMEs experience. In South Africa, SMME CSR practices experience pressure from large firms. However, differences in economic status between the two countries show no effect on the CSR behaviors of SMMEs in both countries when compared with each other. In both countries, findings reveal that SMMEs hardly establish HIV and AIDS policies and therefore rely on informal CSR practices to assist employees to deal with the pandemic in the workplace. Thus, the article submits that while HIV and AIDS practices are not formalized in both countries, SMMEs fulfil their epidemic-related CSR obligations towards employees’ corresponding with their smallness. In conclusion, the study recommends an empirical examination of the research question to establish a grounded recommendation for the development of a SMMEs CSR framework that could be implemented by SMMEs in both countries.
Therapeutic Proteins for Treatment of Corneal Epithelial Defects
Authors: Zernii Evgeni Yu. , Baksheeva Viktoriia E. , Yani Elena V. , Philippov Pavel P. , Senin Ivan I.
Published: April 2019

Corneal epithelial disorders take pride of place in modern ophthalmology. Defects
of corneal epithelium are commonly accompanied by blurry vision, photophobia and tearing.
Since cornea is the most densely innervated tissue of organisms, its disruption leads to development
of a severe pain syndrome. Mild corneal erosions commonly undergo quick spontaneous
recovery. Suppression of corneal wound healing due to various pathological causes results
in development of severe recurrent erosions and persistent corneal defects. These pathological
events can in turn lead to corneal scarring, opacification, and ulceration of cornea, and ultimately
to the permanent vision impairment. The etiology of the underlying corneal diseases
that commonly involves inflammatory, neurotrophic and systemic factors, should be considered
for treating such defects. Therefore, the research focus has been shifted to establish
therapeutics based on proteins and peptides. Due to varied mechanisms of action, proteinbased
pharmaceuticals can be involved in the protection of corneal surface, mimicking tear
components, stimulation of corneal wound healing, regeneration of corneal innervation, suppressing
oxidative stress, inflammation and neovascularization. The active components can be
naturally occurring (blood- or tear-derived) or be created de novo and optimized in order to
achieve the level of activity required. Such pharmaceuticals are characterized by low toxicity
and absence of systemic side-effects due to their low absorption into the bloodstream, if administrated
topically. This review summarizes existing data on protein-based drugs for treatment
of corneal epithelial defects that are currently under preclinical development or testing
in clinical trials, or approved for medical use.
Methotrexate Disposition in Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: What Have We Learnt From the Genetic Variants of Drug Transporters
Authors: Hu Ya-Hui , Zhou Lin , Wang Shan-Shan , Jing Xia , Guo Hong-Li , Sun Fang , Zhang Yong , Chen Feng , Xu Jing , Ji Xing
Published: April 2019

Background:

Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the leading chemotherapeutic agents with the bestdemonstrated efficacies against childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Due to the narrow therapeutic range, significant inter- and intra-patient variabilities of MTX, non-effectiveness and/or toxicity occur abruptly to cause chemotherapeutic interruption or discontinuation. The relationship between clinical outcome and the systemic concentration of MTX has been well established, making the monitoring of plasma MTX levels critical in the treatment of ALL. Besides metabolizing enzymes, multiple transporters are also involved in determining the intracellular drug levels. In this mini-review, we focused on the genetic polymorphisms of MTX-disposition related transporters and the potential association between the discussed genetic variants and MTX pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and toxicity in the context of MTX treatment.

Methods:

We searched PubMed for citations published in English using the terms “methotrexate”, “transporter”, “acute lymphoblastic leukemia”, “polymorphisms”, and “therapeutic drug monitoring”. The retrieval papers were critically reviewed and summarized according to the aims of this mini-review.

Results:

Solute carrier (SLC) transporters (SLC19A1, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B1, and SLC22A8) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters (ABCB1, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC4, ABCC5, and ABCG2) mediate MTX disposition. Of note, the influences of polymorphisms of SLC19A1, SLCO1B1 and ABCB1 genes on the clinical outcome of MTX have been extensively studied.

Conclusion:

Overall, the data critically reviewed in this mini-review article confirmed that polymorphisms in the genes encoding SLC and ABC transporters confer higher sensitivity to altered plasma levels, MTX-induced toxicity, and therapeutic response in pediatric patients with ALL. Pre-emptive determination may be helpful in individualizing treatment.
Cellular and Molecular Basis of Osteoblastic and Vascular Niches in the Processes of Hematopoiesis and Bone Remodeling (A Short Review of Modern Views)
Authors: Yurova Kristina A. , Khaziakhmatova Olga G. , Melashchenko Elena S. , Malashchenko Vladimir V. , Shunkin Egor O. , Shupletsova Valeria V. , Ivanov Pavel A. , Khlusov Igor A. , Litvinova Larisa S.
Published: April 2019

In evolutionary processes, human bone marrow has formed as an organ depot of various types of cells that arise from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Vital HSC activity is controlled through molecular interactions with the niche microenvironment. The review describes current views on the formation of key molecular and cellular components of the HSC niche, which ensure maintenance of home ostasis in stem cell niches, obtained from studies of their role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of HSCs, including the physiological, reparative and pathological remodeling of bone tissue. Due to rapid developments in biotechnology, tissue bioengineering, and regenerative medicine, information can be useful for developing biomimetic and bioinspired materials and implants that provide an effective bone/bone marrow recovery process after injuries and, to a greater extent, diseases of various etiologies.
Sensor Based Load Balancing in Li-Fi & Wi-fi
Authors: Basha M. S.Saleem , Alrumhi Khalsa Humaid Abdullah , Abbas A. Mohamed , Balaji Saravana , Balamurugan B.
Published: April 2019

Nowadays internet is the basic requirement of many people to implementing their task through networks. With the increasing demand for access wireless internet, the wireless spectrum is blocked very frequently and are going to make it increasingly difficult getting onto a reliable signal. Consequently, there is a need to find new means of wireless communication. A new technology introduced to cope up with this problem by sending data through a LED light bulb. It called Li-Fi technology- Light Fidelity. Li Fi is a fast and cheap wireless-communication system. But one of the main challenges for Li-Fi technology is there should be a line of sight between sender and receiver, visible light cannot penetrate through solid objects and doesn’t work in the dark. This leads to interruption of the signal from the user and thus it becomes isolated from the world. In this research, we will try to overcome these challenges by building a hybrid network and studies the load balancing in hybrid Li-Fi & Wi-Fi network. To achieve that we consider cell breathing technique to reduce congestion cells and we consider the min-max technique for load balancing between access points in this hybrid network. All the discussions are under the following sections of introduction, literature survey, system design, implementation, and conclusion.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Malnutrisi Pasien Dewasa di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit
Authors: Kusumayanti I Gede Agung , Hadi Hamam , Susetyowati Susetyowati
Published: March 2019

Background : Nutrient intakes may influence nutritional status of patients during health care. It was reported that nutritional status of 75% of hospitalized patients declined during hospitalization.Objective: The objectives of this study was to assess factors that may influence malnutrition among adult patients in hospital.Methods: This study was done using a nested case control study design. Subjects were inpatients of internal and neurology departments of Sanglah, Sardjito and M. Jamil hospitals. They were all given oral feeding, inconsciousness condition, cooperative, and non-ascites. Data on food consumption were obtained using comstock methods, while nutritional status were measured using Subjective Global Assessment.Results: Low energy intake, length of stay, infection, and special diet were all associated with a higher risk of hospital malnutrition. Patients with low energy intakes were 2.4 (OR=2.4, 95%CI= 1.17-4.92) times more likely to be malnourished than those with sufficient energy intakes. Patients with length of stay >= 7 days were 8 (OR=8.15, 95% CI =1.87-35.51) times more likely to be malnourished than those with length of stay < 7 days. Patients with infectious diseases were 3 (OR= 0.33, 95% CI= 0.17-0.64) times less likely to be malnourished than those with non infectious diseases. Lastly, patients with special diet were 2 (OR=1.96, 95% CI= 1.05-3.68) times more likely to be malnourished than those without special diet.Conclusions: Low energy intake, length of stay, non infectious diseases, and special diet are risk factors of malnutrition in adult hospitalized patients.
Pengaruh Perubahan Status Gizi Pasien Dewasa terhadap Lama Rawat Inap dan Biaya Rumah Sakit
Authors: Budiningsari R Dwi
Published: March 2019

Background: The decline in nutritional status of hospitalized patients was reported to be assossiated with longer length of stay and higher hospital charges. However, the effect of changes in nutritional status on hospital outcomes in Indonesia is still unknown.Objective: To determine the effect of changes in nutritional status on length of stay and hospital charge among adult hospitalized patients.Method: A total subjects of 262 adult patients who were admitted to internal and neurology departments of Dr. Sardjito, Dr.M.Jamil, and Sanglah hospitals were included in this study. Nutritional status of each patient was assessed using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) method. Information on length of stay and hospital charge was collected based on medical records.Results: Subjects with nutritional status declined from normally to moderately, normally to severely, and moderately to severely malnourished were 6,3 (OR=6.32, 95% CI=1,3-29,8); 11,9 (OR=11.94, 95% CI=1,02-139,1); and 6,90 (OR=6.9, 95%CI=1,5-32,0 )times more likely to stay longer than those with nutritional status stayed normal during hospitalitation. They also had 3,3; unlimited; and 1,76 times risk on higher hospital charges than reference group (95% CI=1,123-9,529; unlimited; and 0,590-5,245).Conclusions: The declines of nutritional status from normally to moderately, normally to severely, and moderately to severely malnourished in hospitalized patients influenced to longer length of stay. Normally to moderately and normally to severely malnourished in hospitalized patients influenced to higher hospital charges.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Modifikasi Standar Resep Lauk Nabati Tempe terhadap Daya Terima dan Persepsi Pasien Rawat Inap
Authors: Renaningtyas Dewi , Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto , Susetyowati Susetyowati
Published: March 2019

Background: Food management is inseparable part of all efforts to cure hospitalized patients. If patient is not able to consume enough food, nutrient deficiency will occur. This condition results in delayed recovery of illness, lengthen length of stay, therefore hospital charges will increase. According to previous observations, there is a significant plate waste due to several reasons. To minimize the negative effect of plate waste on diet therapy, standard of recipes should be applied.Objective: To analyze the influence of the modification of recipes standard of fermented soybean on patient’s acceptance and perception.Methods: We conducted a cross-over design study in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The subjects were adults patients who admitted to the Departments of Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology. The inclusion criteria were hospitalized more than 4 days, over 15 years old, not in severe illness, got ordinary diet, and signed an informed consent. The food acceptance was measured as plate waste that was weighed using a special scale with accuracy of 10 grams. Food perceptions were measured using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and Spearman correlation test.Results: Among 132 patients, 112 (84,8%) patients had good acceptance to the modified recipes compared to 20 (15,2%) patients who had poor acceptance, whereas only 66 (50%) patients from standard recipes had good acceptance to standard recipes, and this difference was statistically significant (p=0,006). There were 99 (75%) patients from modified recipes who had good perceptions to modified recipes compared to 18 (13,6%) patients from standard recipes who had good perceptions to standard recipes, and this difference statistically significant (p=0,003).Conclusions: Patients from surgery and obstetric and gynecology wards prefer modified recipes of fermented soybean compared to standard recipes.
Peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis dan produksi nitrit oksida pada makrofag peritoneum tikus Sprague Dawley yang diberi Lactobacillus plantarum Mut7 dan ekstrak serat ubi jalar
Authors: Lestari Lily Arsanti , Soesatyo Marsetyawan Heparis Nur Ekandaru , Iravati Susi , Harmayani Eni
Published: March 2019

Background: Macrophages play an important role as part of the innate immune response in the gut and they represent one of the first lines of nonspecific defense against bacterial invasion. Previous studies indicated that probiotics and prebiotics may act as an immunomodulator agents. Nevertheless, research on the immunomodulatory effect of local materials has never been performed.Objective: To study the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Mut7 and sweet potato fiber on the activity and Nitric Oxide (NO) production of peritoneal macrophages of Sprague Dawley rats.Method: Ninety six Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were divided into two groups; A (not infected with Salmonella typhimurium) and B (infected with S. typhimurium). Each group was divided into 4 subgroups and assigned to standard AIN-93M diet (KON), 109 CFU/ml of L. plantarum Mut7 (PRO), modified AIN-93M diet with sweet potato fiber (PRE), and both component (SIN). After 3 weeks of treatment, 6 rats of each subgroup were sacrificed and the peritoneal macrophages were isolated and analysed for its activity and NO production. The rest of the rats continued the treatments for another 2 weeks. At the end of the experiment, they were sacrificed and the peritoneal macrophage were isolated and analysed for its activity and NO production.Results: Oral administration of  L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both improve phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage which was indicated by an increase in the percentage of macrophages that phagocyte latex particles (p<0.05) and an increase in the number of latex particles engulfed by macrophages either after 3 or 5 weeks of treatment (p<0.05). Oral administration of L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both were unable to increase the nitric oxide production after 3 weeks of treatment (p>0.05), but after 5 weeks of treatment the production of NO was significantly increased (p<0.05).Conclusion: L. plantarum Mut7, sweet potato fiber, or both increase the non specific immune response as they could improve the activity and NO production of peritoneal macrophages.
Derajat keparahan infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminths terhadap status gizi dan anemia pada anak sekolah dasar
Authors: Fatimah Farissa , Sumarni Sri , Juffrie Muhammad
Published: March 2019

Backgound: Indonesia as a tropical country with high humidity, has good environment for worm breeding particularly Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH). The prevalence of worm infestation in Indonesia is still relatively high, about 60% of 220 million Indonesian population, 21% of them are elementary school-age children. STH intensity greatly affects the nutritional status of patients, in wich more severe infection leads to poorer nutrition condition.Objective: To identify severity of STH infection in elementary school student at the working area of Kokap I Health Center of Kulonprogo and its correlation with nutritional status and anemia.Method: The study was undertaken in 25 elementary schools at the working area of Kokap I Health Center of Kulonprogo. Samples were all students of grade I as many as 241 students. Worm examination was done by using Kato-Katz method, assessment of nutrition status was based on body weight according to height (weight/height), anemia status was assessed from Hb level using Cyanmethaemoglobin method.Results: The results of the study showed that most of students (83,6%) were well nourished and were non anemic (84,9%). No student belonged to severe anemic category, 3 students (1,3%) had anemia at medium category and 31 students (13,8%) were slightly anemic. Out of 51 students that positively got STH infection, 16 students (31.4%) had light infection of A. lumbricoides, 36 students (70,6%) had T. trichiura and 4 students (5,9%) had hookworm. A. lumbricoides infected 7 student (13,7%) and T. trichiura infected 8 student (15,7%) both at medium criteria. There was no infection at severe criteria. The result of Somers’ D analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the two variables (p>0,05).Conclusion: There was no correlation between severity of STH infections with nutrition status and anemia in elementary school student.
Pengaruh konseling gizi dan penambahan makanan terhadap asupan zat gizi dan status gizi pasien HIV/AIDS
Authors: Yuniarti Yuniarti , Purba Martalena Br , Pangastuti Retno
Published: March 2019

Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a syndrome of opportunistic disease due to decreased immunity in patient HIV/AIDS with the symptom of losing weight progressively and low nutrition status. To cover the condition, it is necessary to give nutrition support. Objective: To compare the effect of nutrition counseling and nutrition supplementation with nutrition counseling only towards the nutrition status and nutrition intake of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).Method: The study was experimental non randomized control group pre-post test design. Subject consisted of two groups  i.e. nutrition counseling plus (with nutrition supplementation) and nutrition counseling only. The study was carried out at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from January to March 2012. The sample were taken purposively with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test and linear regression to calculate nutrient intake and nutrition status.Results: The energy intake of nutrition counseling plus group showed significantly higher amount than the group with nutrition counseling only (change of 141.40 kcal vs 15.99 kcal; OR=4.96). Protein intake was insignificantly higher than nutrition counseling (change of 6.28 g vs 5.11 g; OR=1.94), weight were insignificantly lower than nutrition counseling (change of 0.46 kg vs 0.75 kg; OR=1.21), and nutrition status were insignificantly lower than nutrition counseling (changes in body mass index 0.18 kg/m2 vs 0.32 kg/m2; OR=1.25).Conclusion: Nutrition counseling plus could increase energy intake but could not increase protein intake, weight, and body mass index.
Persepsi citra tubuh dan kendala untuk menurunkan berat badan pada remaja SLTP di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Tarigan Noviani , Hadi Hamam , Julia Madarina
Published: March 2019

Background: The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing, both in the developed and developing countries. Obesity has been reported to be related to the impairment of body image, but this association has not been studied among Indonesian adolescents.Objective: To assess the perception of body image and the obstacles for reducing body weight in obese junior high school adolescents in the District of Yogyakarta and Bantul.Methods: This is a cross sectional study, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Body images were assessed using Body Image Assessment for Obesity (BIA-O) with 8 figures. In depth interview were used to assess the perceptions of body images and the obstacles in reducing body weight faced by the obese adolescents.Results: Obese adolescents had significantly larger dissatisfaction to their body images compared to their non-obese peers, i.e. mean (95%CI) scores of dissatisfaction of 1.89 (1.69 – 2.08) in obese adolescents compared to –0.27 (-0.49 to 0.05) in non-obese adolescents. Most of the obese adolescents had tried to reduce their weight, mostly in order to have a better looks, but failures and hardships in the efforts had made most of them stopped trying.Conclusion: Obese adolescent were not satisfied with their image. Most of them had tried to reduce body weight but failures had made them stop trying.
Hubungan pola makan dengan pengendalian kadar glukosa darah pengidap diabetes melitus tipe 2 rawat jalan di RSU Gunung Jati Cirebon
Authors: Juleka Juleka , Asdie Ahmad Husain , Susetyowati Susetyowati
Published: March 2019

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which has increasing prevalence today. The result of epidemiological study in Indonesia showed that DM prevalence was 1,5-2,3% to population aging over 15 years. DM disease cannot be cured but can be controlled to slow down the complications. Consumption planning is a major component in DM management. there are 3 main principles applied in the supply of food to diabetics, i. e. number of calories, type of food and meal schedule. Observation result shows that over 50% of diabetics do not follow the suggested consumption planning.Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between eating pattern and control of glucose to type 2 diabetics patients.Methods: The study was an analytic observational type using cross sectional design. Purposively taken samples were diabetic type 2 inpatients at Gunung Jati Hospital, Cirebon. Glucose of type 2 diabetics was determined through examination of glucose during fasting and 2 hours post prandial using enzymatic method gained from medical assessment data, and eating pattern gained from 24 hours recall method for 4 days. To know the relationship between eating pattern and control of glucose to type 2 diabetics, chi square, odds ratio (OR) signifi cance and logistic regression were tested.Results: There was relationship between energy (OR=31.6,CI=5.00-199.76), carbohydrate (OR=12.7,CI=1.30-124.3) and fat (OR=5.20, CI=1.08-24.89) intake with glucose control of type 2 diabetics, there was relationship between sugar consumption and process result (OR=13.1, CI= 2.59-66.2) of vegetables (OR=31.6, CI=3.74-267.6) and fruits (OR=5.16, CI=1.41-18.91) with glucose control, there was no relationship between protein intake and meal schedule with glucose control of type 2 diabetics.