bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructural effects of the substrate on adhesion strength and mechanical properties of TiN Thin Films
Authors: Muhammad Irfan  , Badaruddin Soomro  , Bilal Waseem  , Sumaira Nosheen  , Abdul Karim Aziz
Published: January 2021

Microstructure of base material plays an important role in adhesion strength and mechanical properties of Titanium Nitride (TiN) coating especially to increase the lifecycle of parts when in practical use. Present study covers the influence of grain size/microstructure of plain carbon steel (tailored via heat treatment) on TiN thin films deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. Strong effect of grain size (microstructure) on adhesion strength of TiN thin films on annealed, normalized and quenched substrates have been observed. Mechanical characterization of TiN films e.g. Elastic modulus (E), Hardness (Hv), Stiffness (S) etc. have been studied via nano-indentation technique. TiN thin films failure investigation has been performed with Micro scratch testing under progressive load. Film exfoliation under critical loads has been corroborated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that TiN films deposited on fine microstructure substrate possess excellent mechanical properties and good adhesion strength as compared to coarser microstructure substrate. Insights of this study might be helpful in designing engineered thin films on optimized microstructures.
The chemistry of Marchand’s test for strychnine identification
Authors: Sánchez-Viesca Francisco  , Gómez Reina
Published: January 2021

The chemistry of a spot test for identification of a substance with biological activity is important. Besides the academic interest of knowing what is going on in the test, the study reveals the chemical deportment of the active compound, and this is related to biochemistry. This result can be used to enhance, or on the contrary, deter the activity of the compound. In this communication we provide the chemistry involved in the spot test for strychnine identification by means of lead dioxide (Marchand’s test). The electron flow, step by step, is given from the alkaloid to the complex oxidation product. Thus, this toxicological assay has been up-dated.
Recent performance appraisal of six Nigerian seaports using multivariate and data envelopment analysis
Authors: Kenneth Ezebunwa Ndubuisi  , Chinyeaka Nwokodi Nwoloziri
Published: January 2021

Performance appraisal is a regular check which every organization adapts to regulate the performance of its establishment. It shows the relationships between outputs and input variables in organizations. The objective of the study is to review the performance of six Nigerian seaports between the periods of 2012-2017 by applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), General Linear Model (GLM), and Multivariate Analysis (MVA) models. Data collected from Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA) statistics covers the periods (2012-2017) for each port. The empirical result shows that the following Seaports performed efficiently: Lagos Port (LP) in 2014, Tin Can Island Port (TCP) in 2014, Onne Port (OP) in 2014, and Calabar Port (CP) in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2016. The least efficient performed seaport is Delta Port (DP) in 2012. Hence, the most efficient port over the years under study is Calabar Port (CP) while least performed port is Delta Port (DP). The results of the regression model and the multivariate analysis reject the null hypothesis and accept that at 5% level of significance there is a significant relationship between the input variables and output variables of each port, even that P-value is less than 0.005 (P<0.05).
Automated GSM-based un-locker system
Authors: Prince Chigozie Iwuji  , Julius Achirigbor Idajor
Published: January 2021

This work presents the design and construction of an SMS-based unlocker system that will allow users to lock or unlock a specific door without using the conventional method. The chief component used in the design of this device is the Atmega328 microcontroller (IC1). The device was designed in modules that include the system power supply unit, microcontroller unit, PIR motion sensor, and GSM SIM900 module. These discrete parts or components on their own are made up of smaller components. The different modules were put together in a particular pattern to form the circuit design. SMS from the authorized user’s mobile phone enables the Arduino controller to automatically unlock the security door when necessary. Basically, it reads the SMS and acts according to the message command, hence allowing the authorized owner to remotely control the door from anywhere using a mobile phone and preventing unauthorized access to the door. The GSM based door unlocking system constructed worked effectively when tested in homes and office doors and is thus recommended in every home for security purposes.
Rancang Bangun Pengatur Infus Berbasis Mikrokontroller
Authors: Bagaskara Mahendra , Dwiono Wakhyu , Hayat Latiful
Published: January 2021

Dalam dunia medis infus merupakan alat yang paling sering digunakan, fungsi infus sendiri yaitu untuk memberikan cairan kepada pasien secara berkala. Kesalahan dalam pemberian cairan infus dapat berakibat buruk kepada pasien, juga apabila terjadi masalah seperti penyumbatan atau kehabisan cairan jika tidak segera ditangani akan berbahaya bagi pasien. Infus yang ada saat ini penggunaannya masih secara manual dimana kesalahan - kesalahan seperti tersebut masih sering terjadi, oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini membuat infus yang dapat bekerja secara otomatis serta dipantau dari jarak jauh. Pada penelitian ini membuat pengatur infus berbasis mikrokontroller yang dapat di monitoring secara berkala menggunakan handphone yang sistem kerjanya seperti Internet of Thing karena dalam memonitoring perangkat dan aplikasi android tersambung dengan internet, serta dapat diatur menggunakan button yang berguna untuk memasukan jumlah tetesan infus. Sensor yang digunakan pada alat ini infrared transmitter dan infrared receiver berdiameter 5mm dan untuk pendeteksi detak jantung menggunakan MAX30100 sebagai feedback dari pasien. Sedangkan sebagai penekan selang menggunakan motor stepper 28byj-48 dengan konfigurasi half-step. Mikrokontroller menggunakan ESP8266 sebagai kontrol motor servo serta mengirim data ke cloud. Oled 9,6” dan Button digunakan sebagai interface. Hasil yang didapat dari pengujian untuk mengatur jumlah tetesan infus tiap menit memiliki tingkat total rata – rata error 5,59%. Sedangkan hasil pengujian untuk pendeteksian detak jantung memiliki nilai total rata – rata error 5,57% dan memiliki rata-rata delay dalam pengiriman maupun penerimaan data sebesar 59,6 microsecond.
Kendali Robot Transporter Berdasarkan Pergerakan Pergelangan Tangan Menggunakan Leap MotionDengan Metode Decision Tree
Authors: Ahsani Iftitah Aulia , Rahmawati Diana , Wibisono Kunto Aji
Published: January 2021

Robot transporter adalah robot yang digunakan untuk mengambil atau memindahkan barang yang dapat di kendalikan secara otomatis atau manual. Tetapi kendali robot transporter secara manual yang sudah dikembangkan saat ini hanya dapat dikendalikan dengan cara memberikan perintah menggunakan remote control konvensional. Maka pada penelitian ini dikembangkan robot transporter yang dikendalikan menggunakan sensor leap motion berdasarkan pembacaan posisi pergelangan tangan manusia (gesture tangan) dengan gerakan kombinasi yang sudah diatur sebelumnya. Robot transporter tersebut dapat dikendalikan dengan enam perintah, yaitu gerakan maju, mundur, kanan, kiri, serta mengambil dan meletakkan benda. Teknik pengendalian robot transporter menggunakan metode Decision Tree yang diolah dari pembacaan sensor leap motion, yang berfungsi untuk meminimalisirkan proses pemilihan keputusan yang kompleks menjadi lebih simple, sehingga pengambilan keputusan tersebut lebih menginterpretasikan solusi dari masalah yang ada. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, robot transporter dapat dikendalikan menggunakan gestur tangan dengan tingkat keberhasilan sebesar 91,42%. Hal ini dikarena ada beberapa kondisi ketika sensor tidak tepat dalam membaca beberapa parameter yang digunakan. Hal ini berpengaruh saat pengambilan keputusan menggunakan decision tree sehingga hasil keputusan kurang tepat.
Factors Influencing French Tourists to Visit Bali
Authors: Endi Ferhadius , Prasetyo Danang
Published: January 2021

This study discusses the factors that influence French tourists to visit Bali. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The research data was obtained by observing, documenting and interviewing 48 French tourists who used the services of a travel agent during their vacation in Bali in 2019. To test the validity of the data, researchers used triangulation of techniques and sources. Then data analysis through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of research that has been conducted, it is found that there are 10 (ten) factors that influence French tourists to visit Bali; those are: (1) the beauty of the nature, (2) the hospitality of the Balinese people, (3) the rich history, local culture and traditions, (4) the competitive prices, (5) beaches and activities, (6) the traditional cuisine of Bali, (7) the convenience during vacation, (8) meditation and yoga facilities, (9) the availability of  Francophone guide, and (10) the existence of Francophone community. The results of this study are expected to provide a strategic plan map for the development of tourism especially in Bali and in Indonesia in general.
Marketing Communications Mix Strategy to Improve Room Sales at The Ritz Carlton Jakarta Mega Kuningan
Authors: Wagey Andreas Bryan , Pitanatri Putu Diah Sastri , Sujatha Dewa Ketut
Published: January 2021

To be able to survive in a continuously growing competitive environment, the right business strategy is needed. Aim of this research is to formulate a set of marketing communication mix strategies to increase room sales and hotel profits for The Ritz-Carlton Jakarta, Mega Kuningan. The methods used in this research are SWOT analysis and IFE-EFE matrix. The findings  suggested that the Hotel must hold and maintain strategy whereas it can be elaborated into four aspects 1) horizontal integration strategy by seeking ownership or increased control over competitors; 2) market penetration strategy; by seeking increased market share for present products or services in present markets through greater marketing efforts; 3) market development strategy by  introducing present products or services into the new geographic area, and 4) product development strategy; by seeking increased sales through improving present products or services or developing new ones.
Development of Tourism Village in Gempol Village Karanganom District - Klaten Regency
Authors: Swantari Anita , Wicaksono Haryo
Published: January 2021

The purposes of this research are (1) to identify and evaluate internal and external factors, (2) to formulate strategy toward tourism village in Gempol village. Based on analysis result, Internal factor’s strength is the beauty  and  conservation  of nature are the most  significant  influence on  the development of tourism village. The most important weakness of Gempol village is not ready to receive the tourists, since the lack inadequate facilities..  External factor’s  opportunity  is the value of the people who always maintain and preserve traditional cultural. The most important threat is competition with others regions in the development of tourism village. The strategy taken is to maintain the harmony of nature and culture of the village. The need for a strong commitment from the entire village community. Promote village community training, including village government on tourism management, how to manage tourist attractions, guest or visitor management. Use all media to introduce and publicize tourism potential in the village both conventional and unconventional media, such as the internet media.
Meneguhkan Nilai Keindonesiaan melalui Program Deradikalisasi Anak Usia Dini di Kampung Karanggading Kota Magelang
Authors: Nugraha Joko Tri , Ahsani Retno Dewi Pramodia , Fauziah Nike Mutiara
Published: January 2021

AbstrakKegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keterlibatan kaum muda dan terlebih anak-anak dalam pusaran ideologi radikalisme. Anak muda yang menganut ideologi radikalisme merupakan isu yang harus dicermati di tengah bonus demografi yang tengah berlangsung di negeri ini tidak terkecuali pada salah satu daerah di Kota Magelang yaitu di Kampung Karanggading. Adapun tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meneguhkan nilai keindonesiaan melalui kegiatan bermain sambil belajar dan kegiatan cinta lingkungan sebagai upaya meningkatkan rasa cinta tanah air, budaya,� keagamaan dan lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini diantaranya dengan beberapa tahapan program dongeng nusantara bagi anak, program outbond, belajar dan bermain bagi anak dan program bersih lingkungan bagi anak. Hasil kegiatan pengabidan kepada masyarakat ini diantaranya kegiatan dongeng nusantara, outbond dan kerjabakti menumbuhkan budaya anti kekerasan dan radikalisme dan masyarakat Kampung Karanggading, khususnya anak-anak mendapatkan pemahaman nilai-nilai nasionalisme dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari.�Kata kunci: nasionalisme; deradikalisai; anak usia dini.��Abstract This Community Service Activity is motivated by the involvement of young people and especially children in the impact of radical ideology. Young people who adhere to the ideology of radicalism are an issue that must be observed in the midst of the demographic bonus that is taking place in this country, not least in one area in the Magelang City, in Kampung Karanggading. The purpose of this community service is to strengthen the value of Indonesianism through play activities while learning and loving activities in an effort to increase the patriotism, culture, religion and environment. The methods used several stages of the Indonesian fairytale program for children, outbound programs, learning and playing for children and a clean environment program for children. The results of community service activities include the folklore activities of the archipelago, outbound and collaborative work fostering a culture of anti-violence and radicalism and the people of Kampung Karanggading, especially children get an understanding of the values of nationalism in their daily lives.�Keywords: nationalism; deradicalization; early childhood.
Pembelajaran Literasi Digital PAUD melalui Pelatihan Tutor Paud di Pos PAUD Dahlia Kelurahan Palebon Kecamatan Pedurungan
Authors: Suwarti Tarcisia Sri , Lestari Siti , Widiyanto Muhammad Wahyu
Published: January 2021

Perkembangan teknologi mendukung kemajuan pendidikan di Indonesia secara signifikan. Bentuk paling sederhana dari teknologi yang sering digunakan secara digital adalah emoticon. Anak-anak usia dini pada era sekarang telah mengenal teknologi modern yang mendukung mereka untuk mengenal dunia sekitar. Sebagai contoh adalah handphone yang memiliki fitur emoticon sebagai sarana komunikasi. Oleh karena itu, para tutor Pos PAUD Dahlia Semarang perlu dibekali pembelajaran literasi digital PAUD dengan media Box Bas yang mengandung unsur emoticon untuk mengimbangi pengetahuan siswanya, sehingga meningkatkan pengetahuan pemanfaatan literasi digital bagi pembelajaran PAUD.The development of technology supports education in Indonesia significantly. The simplest form of technologies which is often used digitally is emoticon. Early young learners are recently very familiar with technology in order to know the world surround. For example, handphone which has emoticon features to show expressions. Therefore, tutors of Pos PAUD Dahlia Semarang need to be equipped with digital literacy learning through Box Bas media that contains emoticons to correspond with their students knowledge. This activity can upgrade the tutors� knowledge in teaching early young learner students by using digital literacy learning.
ULUSLARARASI SİLAH TİCARETİ VE SAVUNMA HARCAMALARI
Authors: GÜLER Mustafa Ali , KİŞMAN Zülfükar Aytaç
Published: January 2021

Güvenlik insanoğlunun en temel ihtiyaçlarından biridir. Günümüzdeki güvenlik kavramı bireyi, toplumu ve devletleri de kapsayan geniş bir kümedir. Güvenliğin ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde sağlanabilmesi için, devletlerin kendilerini savunabilme kabiliyetlerini geliştirmeleri gerekmektedir. Savunma her türlü tehdide karşı kendini korumak olarak tanımlanabilir. Hızla gelişen teknoloji savunma sanayisinde de etkilerini göstererek, savunma harcamalarını dinamik bir hale getirmiştir. Devletler, kendi güvenliklerini sağlayabilmek için bu hızlı gelişen teknolojiye ayak uydurmalı, doğru ve stratejik savunma yatırımları zorundalardır. Bu çalışmada uluslararası silah ticaretiyle ilgili bilgiler verilmekte, savunma harcamalarının tanımı ve sınıflandırılması yapılmakta, Dünyada savunma harcamalarıyla ilgili çeşitli bilgiler sunulmaktadır.
MEMBERI PENGUATAN PADA GURU MENERAPKAN MINDFUL BREATHING DALAM MENGHADAPI PANDEMI COVID 19 DI SD INKLUSI JALAN SEI PETANI NO 19 MEDAN
Authors: Milfayetty Sri , Putri Utami Nurhafsari
Published: January 2021

Pemerintah Indonesia memberlakukan sistem pembelajaran daring selama pandemi covid-19.Hal ini menuntut guru beradaptasi dengan lebih cepat, kreatif, dan inovatif agar bisa mendidik siswanya melalui jarak jauh. Beberapa keluhan guruyakni adanya kesulitan beradaptasi dengan teknologi, keterbatasan fasilitas, kesulitan interaksi dengan anak didik, sulit mengontrol pembelajaran di rumah, banyaknya peserta didik yang apatis, kurang termotivasi dan belum mampu belajar secara mandiri, serta kurangnya kesadaran dan sulitnya bekerjasama dengan pihak lain termasuk orangtua anak didik. Para guru juga merasa kehabisan ide dan kreativitas dalam mengajar, kesulitan membagi waktu antara kepentingan akademik dan kepentingan pribadi, sehingga kehilangan waktu “memberi jeda” atau mengistirahatkan diri dari berbagai aktivitas mengajar. Kehadiran beban dan keterbatasan yang cukup besar ini menjadi sumber stres bagi para guru. Dengan demikian, diberikan penguatan kepada guru untuk menghadapi situasi denganteknik berbasis mindfulness yaitu teknik mindful breathing. Metode yang dipakai adalah metode workshop berupa psikoedukasi dan pelatihan teknik mindful breathing. Selanjutnya peserta mempraktekkannya di kehidupan sehari-hari selama empat minggu dan kemudian memberikan feedback terkait dampak mempraktekkan teknik tersebut. Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa peserta mendapatkan energi positif, merasa lebih tenang, tidak gelisah dan mulai fokus untuk menghadapi situasi yang saat ini sedang dihadapi. Setiap mengalami pikiran negatif, peserta langsung menerapkan teknik mindful breathing, para peserta merasa lebih mudah untuk mengontrol diri dan lebih fokus dalam mennghadapi peserta didik selama pandemi covid-19. Berdasarkan hasil ini, dikemukakan pemberian penguatan pada guru menggunakan teknik miniful breathing efektif dalam membantu guru menghadapi situasi pembelajaran selama pandemi
Properties of Mortar Incorporating Spent Garnet as Fine Aggregates Replacement
Authors:   Construction Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, MALAYSIA, Abdul Shukor Lim Nor Hasanah , Alladin Noor Fazura Najihah ,   Construction Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, MALAYSIA, Mohammadhosseini Hossein ,   Construction Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, MALAYSIA, Ariffin Nur Farhayu ,   Construction Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, MALAYSIA, Mazlan Ain Naadia ,   Construction Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, MALAYSIA
Published: January 2021

The rapid growth in the construction industry has increased the consumption of fine aggregates whereby it depletes the natural resources. Also, garnet is a material that can be reused for several times in the ship cleaning process. However, when this garnet can no longer be used, it is then disposed in landfill, oceans and rivers, thus increase the volume of landfill waste and causing environmental problems. Therefore, this research is aimed to study the effect of spent garnet as a fine aggregates replacement in terms of physical, fresh and hardened properties of mortar. In this study, several specimens are prepared by using different percentage of spent garnet range from 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% as a fine aggregates replacement in mortar. The specimens are cast using 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm mould and the materials used in preparing the mortar sample are cement, fine aggregates, water and spent garnet. The samples are then cured in the water before tested at the age of 7, 14, and 28 days. The characteristic of the materials, fresh and hardened properties of mortar were investigated. It was found that the workability of mortar increases with the increasing amount of spent garnet. Overall, it is found out that the spent garnet can be used as fine aggregates replacement in mortar up to 50% since it has a comparable strength (40 MPa at 28 days) with a conventional mortar with 16% improvement in water absorption test. In addition, the environmental impact can also be reduced through the use of spent abrasive waste by preserving the use of natural resources.
Selective Shut-off Strategy in Distributed Battery Systems
Authors: ÖZGÜÇ Murat Kubilay , ARAS Kadir
Published: January 2021

Rapid development in electric mobility raise distance anxiety. Thus, high ca-pacity systems with high efficiency are offered as a solution. However, the ca-pacity of the system is limited by the available space in the vehicle. To outcome this problem, the parallel distributed battery system is presented especially for heavy-duty vehicles like buses and trucks. Having a parallel distributed structure brings the necessity of providing a safety strategy not only for the single pack but also for the whole system. Every single pack has al-ready its fault protection system. Whenever an electrical fault occurs in the pack, it is cleared by either a contactor or a fuse. Thus, the pack becomes out of order, therefore, the vehicle cannot continue its operation and must be trailered. By utilizing a parallel dis-tributed battery system, vehicle continuity can be provided even after an electri-cal fault with a selective shut-off strategy. The presented strategy in this paper, not only provides vehicle continuity but also ensures additional safety on the system.
PENGUATAN KADER KESEHATAN MELALUI EDUKASI GIZI DALAM MENGATASI ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Karmila Wiwi
Published: January 2021

Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di negara berkembang termasuk di Indonesia. Anemia gizi besi ditandai dengan rendahnya kadar hemoglobin yang dapat menimbulkan gejala lesu, lelah, lemah, letih, dan cepat lupa yang akan berakibat menurunkan prestasi belajar, olahraga, dan produktifitas kerja. Selain itu, anemia gizi besi dapat menurunkan daya tahan tubuh sehingga tubuh mudah terserang infeksi (Masrizal, 2007).
OR2T12 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that olfactory receptor 2 subfamily T member 12, encoded by OR2T12, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. OR2T12 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Modulation of OR2T12 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Remdesivir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir as Potential Drugs to Treat Corona Virus Disease 2019
Authors: Bzikha Reda , Ayoub Bouhmou , ilham Bzikha , Bouchnafati Sanaa
Published: January 2021

Drugs that are efficacious against SARS-CoV-2 have yet to be established. Remdesivir and Lopinavir/ritonavir have garnered considerable attention for their potential to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Remdesivir not only in vivo but also in vitro testing shows the inhibition of human coronavirus replication, including SARS-CoV aswell as Lopinavir/ritonavir that shows promising antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2.
In what ways to Confucianism and Daoism complement each other? In what ways do they oppose each other?
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

In what ways to Confucianism and Daoism complement each other? In what ways do they oppose each other? [Question solved by Course Hero]
Carbonic anhydrase VIII (CA8) is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that carbonic anhydrase VIII, encoded by CA8, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. CA8 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of CA8 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival. Modulation of CA8 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Why do so many people with a name that is half Vietnamese, half foreign, answer questions about Vietnam? Can they represent Vietnamese?
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

Can people with a name that is part-Vietnamese and part-foreign represent Vietnamese (cultural identity)? And my first thought was: When did Vietnamese people start adopting foreign names, and why? And we can split the answer to that question into two parts.
Holographic metric and entanglement action
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: January 2021

Holographic metric fisher
Book Review KONSTRUKSI GROUNDED TEORI Petunjuk Praktis dalam Analisa Kualitatif Written by: Kathy Charmez
Authors: Asrifan Andi
Published: January 2021

Ajakan penggunaan Grounded Teori (GT) dalam projek penelitian Kualitatif adalah untuk mengembangkan analisis konsep materi, karena melalui GT dapat membantu bagaimana memulai, melaksanakan, dan menyelesaikannya. Karena GT adalah metode yang sistematik, fleksibel dalam pengumpulan dan analisa data kualitatif untuk membangun teori ‘Grounded’ dari data itu sendiri dan dapat melengkapi pendekatan kualitatif laindalam menganalisis data dan berfungsi sebagai cara untuk mempelajari dunia, juga sebagai suatu metode pengembangan teori dalam memahami dunia. Untuk itu, diperlukan pengumpulan data sebagai materi dalam melakukan analisa secara signifikan. Data itu dapat memperkaya, jika benar-benar detail, terfokus dan padat tentang pandangan partisipan, perasaan, keinginan, tingkah laku dan konteks social dimana mereka berada.
Book Review: I SPEAK FIVE LANGUAGES: FOSTERING PLURILINGUAL COMPETENCE THROUGH LANGUAGE AWARENESS By: Oliveira and Helena, Maria
Authors: Asrifan Andi , M Nur Aeni , Muthmainnah
Published: January 2021

“I speak five languages” merupakan artikel penelitian studi kasus yang menyajikan studi empiris dan didasarkan pada studi kasus eksploratif yang dilakukan dengan dua siswa Ukraina.Sample tersebut berinisial MK dan TM. MK adalah seorang gadis berumur 15 tahun yang pada saat wawancara, telah tinggal di Portugal selama 5 tahun dan duduk di kelas 9. TM adalah seorang anak berusia 13 tahun yang pada saat penelitian telah tinggal di Portugal hanya 9 bulan dan berada di kelas 7. MK dan TM adalah dua siswa pertama kali dihubungi dan juga yang pertama untuk menerima dan berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini.Hal ini mengantarkan kita pada pertanyaan tentang peran kesadaran bahasa dalam pengembangan kompetensi plurilingual. I Speak Five Languages: Fostering Plurilingual Competence through Language Awareness. Vol. 18, No. 3–4, August–November 2009, 403–421Oliveira and Helena, Maria Department of Didactics and Educational TechnologyUniversity of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
PENINGKATAN PENDUDUK YANG MENJADI PROBLEMA SOSIAL
Authors: Rifani Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Peningkatan penduduk menjadi masalah bagi negaranya dan masyarakat,melunjaknya penduduk akan mengakibatkan menurunya kualitas masyarakat, menurunnyasumber bahan pangan, meningkatnya angka pengangguran, dan persaingan yang semakin ketatuntuk bertahan hidup. Masalah – masalah ini ditimbulkan oleh masyarakatnya pindah ke daerahpadat untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya daerah padat seperti di kota – kota yang di sebutUrbanisasi, dampak yang di timbulkan dampak negatif bagi negara angka yang semakinmeningkat apabila tidak di iringi dengan pembangunan pemerataan setiap daerah akanmenibulkan permasalahan sosial.
Stop or Go? Playing Violent Games Reduces Inhibitory Control in Adolescents
Authors: Miedzobrodzka Ewa , Buczny Jacek , Waiyaki Frederick , Konijn Elly
Published: January 2021

Despite a growing body of research on video game effects, a relationship between violent video game exposure (VVGE) and inhibitory control is still poorly understood. Investigating inhibitory control mechanisms in relation to VVGE may help to better explain processes underlying social behavior of video game players. This holds especially for adolescent players, who often play M-rated violent video games, and whose ability to inhibit responses is still developing. In two studies performed in adolescent samples, we examined how habitual VVGE may be related to inhibitory control (Study 1; N = 150) and whether inhibitory control can be affected by 30-minute violent video gameplay (Study 2; N = 62). Inhibitory control in both studies was measured with a well-validated method: the Stop-Signal Task. Results of Study 1 showed that increased VVGE was related lower inhibitory control. Results of experimental Study 2 supported a causal relationship: participants who played a violent video game showed reduced inhibitory control compared to those who played a non-violent game. Our findings bring new theoretical and empirical insights into violent video games research and highlight the importance of studying inhibitory control as a possible mechanism underlying impulsive reactions, e.g., aggression, in adolescents. Based on the current correlational and experimental findings, future studies could investigate possible long-term effects of VVGE on the development of inhibitory control in adolescents.
Longitudinal associations between borderline personality disorder and five factor model traits over 24 years
Authors: Hopwood Christopher James , Schwaba Ted , Wright Aidan G.C. , Bleidorn Wiebke , Zanarini Mary C.
Published: January 2021

Are five factor traits and borderline personality symptoms the same features with different names? The existing literature offers reasons to think they are the same and reasons to think they are different. We examined longitudinal associations between these variables in a sample of patients assessed 12 times over 24 years using latent curve models with structured residuals (LCM-SR). Mean trajectories for all variables were in the direction of symptom reduction/personality maturation, and could be parsed into an initial, rapid improvement phase and a subsequent, gradual improvement phase. We found robust between-person associations among intercepts and long-term slopes of traits and symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of neuroticism as well as lower levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were associated with lower levels of borderline personality symptoms, and changes in these traits were correlated with reduction in symptoms over time. Associations among time-structured residuals allowed for examinations of within-person deflections from these general trends at briefer (two year) intervals. All variables exhibited robust within-person carry-over effects. Other within-person effects were more specific to certain traits. These results suggest that, despite their distinct theoretical and methodological bases, normal trait and psychiatric diagnostic approaches largely converged on a similar conception of borderline personality.
The economic effect of the 2015 Refugee Crisis in Sweden: Jobs, Crimes, Prices and Voter turnout
Authors: Uddfeldt Arvid
Published: January 2021

The civil war in Syria has culminated in a massive refugee crisis in neighboring and Europeancountries. Millions of refugees made their way to Europe between 2014 and 2015, with morethan 160 000 arriving in Sweden alone. Little is known about the impact of this influx onvoting behavior, criminality rates, labor markets, and local price levels. By using data on theSwedish municipalities, the analysis estimates the short-run consequences of the refugeeinflow. The results are found through a dynamic difference-in-difference estimator, whichcompare municipalities in Sweden who received relatively many refugees (treated) comparedto those hosting relatively few refugees (control). The quasi-randomized allocation process ofrefugees in combination with a very high variation among the different municipalitiesrefugee-intake creates stable conditions for reliable estimations through the difference-indifferenceapproach. Regarding the labor market, the findings suggest that the treated groupshosting many refugees face higher unemployment rates and simultaneously lower wagelevels. Additionally, the result indicates that the municipalities hosting more refugees facehigher crimes committed per capita, particularly regarding assault- and fraud-related crimes.Furthermore, the results stress that the treated group meet higher vote shares in thesubsequent national election in favor of the right-wing parties and decreasing support for thecenter-right, center-left, and left-wing parties. Surprisingly, the vote share of the antiimmigrationparty SD does not correlate with refugee-influx.
(In-)Between spaces: Challenges in defining the experience space in mixed reality-driven art exhibitions.
Authors: Derda Izabela , Feustel Tom , Popoli Zoi
Published: January 2021

Technology-driven design can support the creation of storytelling experiences that offer innovative ways of transmitting knowledge and information. New technologies also have emerged as tools for making art relevant again and making museums and art galleries hybrid places in which the virtual and digital aspects of stories are combined with corresponding physical artefacts. Observing people’s reactions and behaviors in those hybrid environments requires the examination of ways in which they engage with space in the process of meaning-making by changing and adapting the space to suit their means. Even though differentiation of the concepts of space is broadly explored in the literature, in the context of mixed reality experience design has become hazy again. In our work, we explore practitioner’s view on the ontological issues with defining experience space and discuss its in-betweenness, inseparability and unrealness.
Subsidies or Tax Breaks Versus Intellectual Property Rights: Dual Markets
Authors: Skliaustyte Egle , Weber Matthias
Published: January 2021

Intellectual property rights are monopoly rights, which have undesirable welfare properties. Therefore, several studies suggest to use rewards as incentives for innovation instead. However, these studies have thus far had little effect on actual policy, possibly because such rewards may be difficult to implement in practice. We suggest a way of providing incentives to originators that is easy to implement. This is possible if there is an additional market in which the originator operates, where copying is not easily possible. Taking the music industry as example, copyrights in the records market could be replaced by subsidies or tax breaks in the market for live performances. We provide a modeling framework that can be used to analyze in which cases the replacement of intellectual property rights in one market with subsidies in another market is welfare improving or even pareto efficient.
Determinants of gross income from carp production in Bara district, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Subash , Jha Dilip Kumar , Shrestha Amrit , Sapkota Bina , Bhattarai Chandan , Rijal Swodesh , Pokharel Subodh
Published: January 2021

A study was conducted from March to June 2020 to analyze the determinants of gross income from carp production in the Bara district of Nepal. Altogether, 90 carp producers, 45 each from Simraungadh and Pachrauta municipality in equal basis were sampled by using cluster sampling technique. Primary information was collected through a pre-tested semi-structured interview-based schedule while secondary information was collected reviewing the relevant publications. Data was entered in SPSS 25 and analyzed using STATA 12.1. The results  revealed that the cost of labor, cost of feed, assistances and services, and training had significant positive effect on gross income from carp prodcuiton. Furthermore, lack of quality inputs was identified as the most severe production problems whereas Dhalta to be given was recognized as the most severe marketing problems. Thus, encouraging the carp producer to manage the cost of labor and cost of feed deliberately, rationally providing the assistance and services and strengthening the skills and knowledge of producer through training could significantly increase gross income from carp production.
Screening of sugarcane genotypes against Top Borer (Scirpophaga exerptalis Walker) infestation
Authors: Paudel Kapil , Dangi Naresh , Ansari Anisur Rahman , Regmi Rashmi
Published: January 2021

Fourty sugarcane genotypes with different period of maturity were evaluated against top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker) infestation under natural field condition during 2018 and 2019 at National Sugarcane Research Program, Jeetpur, Nepal. The experiment was conducted in alpha-lattice design under natural condition of infestation using Co 0238 as susceptible check. Based on the incidence, 26 genotypes were categorized as less susceptible, eleven genotypes were found moderately susceptible to S. excerptalis. However, among less susceptible genotypes lowest incidence of 3.11 percent was recorded in genotype CoS 8432. Whereas, highest incidence of 25.24 percent was recorded in highly susceptible genotype, CoSe 98255BD 24. Most of the cane genotypes were found low to moderately susceptible, having 5 to 20% incidence of the pest. Whereas, some of the varieties, namely CoH 160 (21.22%), CoSe 95255 BD 24 (25.24%) and BO 150 (22.02%) were found highly susceptible. The mechanism responsible for host plant resistance against top borer is not studied in this experimentation. The study in these aspects is to be conducted to explore the mechanisms of host plant resistance for using these resistant genotypes for breeding purpose.
Performance evaluation of potato clones for the central Terai Region of Nepal
Authors: Gotame Tek Prasad , Poudel Sujata , Thapa Bihani , Neupane Janaki Datta
Published: January 2021

A series of experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of exotic potato clones including PRP lines at research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal during the winter seasons of 2017 and 2018. Thirty-nine potato clones were evaluated in initial evaluation trial and eleven clones were evaluated in coordinated varietal trial with check varieties Khumal Ujjwal and Kufri Jyoti. From the initial varietal trial in 2017, the highest tuber yield (21.54 mt/ha) was found in CIP389660.9 followed by CIP391046.14 (21.38 mt/ha). In 2018, the highest tuber yield (29.72 mt/ha) was produced in CIP392759.1 followed by CIP393085.5 (26.92 mt/ha) and CIP391046.14 (26.64 mt/ha). In 2018, the tuber yield was the highest (26.12 mt/ha) in PRP 266265.15 followed by CIP 393371.159 (24.79 mt/ha). In coordinated varietal trial carried out in 2017/18, the highest tuber yield was noted in CIP394600.52 (42.65 mt/ha) followed by CIP395443.103 (30.83 mt/ha) and CIP395445.16 (24.43 mt/ha) respectively. Whereas in 2018/19, the highest yield was produced by PRP266265.15 (26.12 mt/ha) followed by CIP393371.159 (24.79 mt/ha) and CIP 396012.266 (22.66 mt/ha) respectively. In RARS, Parwanipur conditions, CIP 394600.52, CIP 395443.103, CIP 395445.16 and CIP 304394.56 along with PRP 266265.15 were found to be superior to standard check variety. These potential genotypes need to be further verified in farmers field in additional districts of central Terai region before notifying in the national seed system. Adoption of these clones as variety may increase the potato production and improve the food, and nutritional security in the central Terai region of Nepal.
Non-State Actors in the Middle East: Towards a New Typology
Authors: Naumkin Vitaly V. , Kuznetsov Vasily A.
Published: January 2021

The latest developments in world politics have invariably shown the growing role of non-state actors (NSAs) in international affairs. Although this factor has drawn increased attention in both academic discourse and applied research, problems related to NSA typology remain unclarified. The present paper analyzes existing approaches to the categorization of various NSAs operating in the global political arena and proves that the available classifications of NSAs fail to represent present-day political realities, particularly in the Middle East. Proceeding from Phillip Taylor’s renowned classification of NSAs, the authors offer a new approach to differentiating NSAs acting in the Middle East, and suggest using such criteria as their relation to the state in terms of functions, state orientation, objectives, and system of management. For reasons of space, the present paper does not discuss the funding of NSAs’ operations and the extent to which they resort to violence in their activities.
Victimhood Olympics
Authors: Slezkine Yuri , Krastev Ivan , Aust Martin , Sowa Jan , Enyuan Wu , Lieven Anatol , Ushakin Sergey , Sakwa Richard , Kolsto Pal , Kasyanov Georgy , Guo Xiaoli , Smolar Aleksander , Hilbrenner Anke , Iskandaryan Alexander , Robinson Paul , Lankov Andrei , Lanxin Xian , Miller Alexei
Published: January 2021

In January 2020, the Russian-language bimonthly “Russia in Global Affairs” published an article on “memory politics” and related conflicts, following a roundtable hosted by the magazine (Rossiya, 2020). To our amazement, the discussion caused a very keen reaction, especially in Europe. Our modest publication was immediately dubbed as nearly a forge of Kremlin ideas regarding “memory wars,” which, of course, is flattering, but, alas, is not true. In general, the willingness to see behind everything a conspiracy of dark forces and the belief that everything happens for a reason, well-known to us from our own history, have now spectacularly become commonplace. So, since the topic triggered such a powerful response, we decided to take it further by asking members of the academic community in different countries how they assess the current state of affairs in “memory politics.” They came up with a very broad range of opinions, which we gladly share with our readers.
ЕКОНОМІЧНЕ СТАНОВИЩЕ ДВОРЯН БЕССАРАБСЬКОЇ ГУБЕРНІЇ ПІД ЧАС ПЕРШОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Zakharova Oksana
Published: January 2021

After the annexation of Bessarabia to the Russian Empire, a noble class of the representatives of local elite was formed on its territory. Due to the deteriorating economic situation of the upper class of the Bessarabian governorate during the First World War, only 590 people participated in the political and economic life of the governorate and the country. The reason for this was the decrease in the number of land ownership among the nobility of the governorate. In the early twentieth century, the land plots that belonged to the landlords were the symbol of prosperity for them, and they gave the opportunity to the hereditary nobles to participate in the deputy nobility meetings and the election of members of the town council to the County Zemstvo Assembly. During the First World War the Bessarabian governorate nobles played a social role not only of the landlords, officials and the army men, but also teachers, doctors and engineers. Therefore, their incomes were different, in accordance with the established salaries.The purpose of the article is to study the economic condition of the Bessarabian governorate nobles, depending on their activities. Using a comparative method, it became known that the share of nobles land ownership in the Bessarabian governorate during the First World War was declining, which led to the mastering of new professions for the nobility of the Russian Empire. The most affluent were high-ranking officials, such as ministers and deputies of the State Duma, as well as the governor and senior officers. The least well-off in terms of income were the landlords with land ownership of up to 100 acres, representatives of the professions inherent in the intellectuals.
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LEVELS OF HARDINESS OF THE INDIVIDUALITY
Authors: Kyrylenko T. S.  , Chanchykov I. K.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the study of hardiness as a systemic concept and to expand the understanding of the features of individual manifestations of personality vitality. The concept of hardiness, developed by S. Muddy, includes three parameters: inclusion, control, risk-taking. In our study, individual manifestations of the vitality of the individual were identified by the characteristics of willpower, temperament, character traits, emotional sphere and self-esteem. The study is based on the concept of personality as an integral individual V.S. Merlin. In concept personality has certain levels: individual properties, individual mental properties, personal properties and the general level of integral individuality. According to these levels, individual personality traits were selected to determine the manifestations of hardiness. On the basis of cluster and analysis of variance, three levels of vitality are distinguished and individual personality traits are found accordingly. The obtained data allowed to describe the individual features of hardiness personalities: type of temperament, willpower, features of the emotional sphere, self-attitude and the most developed positive character traits.