bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Współczesne tendencje w obszarze ochrony konsumentów na rynku usług finansowych z uwzględnieniem regulacji instytucji ochrony konsumentów: Rzecznika Finansowego i Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów
Authors: Chashchina Sofya
Published: March 2022

The article deals with some issues related to consumer (client) protection on the financial market. Legal regulations constantly change in this area. New regulations are introduced, which makes the subject of consumer protection very topical and important, especially with many accompanying transactions on the financial market. The multiplicity of legal acts and the influence of European legislation, especially EU regulations, can lead to many misunderstandings in terms of terminology. An attempt was made to clarify the concepts of consumer and client on the basis of Polish legislation. According to numerous amendments to the regulation, the entities on the market using financial services should make efforts to conduct a correct assessment of its legal situation and the possibility of using the help of institutions. The range of protected entities differ depending on the legal act that is analyzed. The author draws attention to the ways in which the legislator created a definition of a protected entity and the areas in which it provides legal protection. The analysis also includes legal provisions concerning the competences of institutions performing consumer protection functions: the Financial Ombudsman and the President of the Office of Competition and Consumers, which is a body specializing in individual consumer matters, and a public administration body. Their competences and roles, which overlap in certain areas, have been the subject of lively discussion for a time. This was due to the proposed draft act of December 2020, the provisions of which abolished the institution of the Financial Ombudsman, and transferred his competences to the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection. The paper presents the direction of legal changes in the institutional area of consumer protection of financial services, the ratio of such actions, as well as the outlined European legislator’s vision of adequate consumer protection.
Maciej Kruś, Akt transnarodowy w systemie europejskich aktów administracyjnych, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań 2021, ss. 296, ISBN: 978-83-232-3865-2
Authors: Jachimowicz-Jankowska Paulina
Published: March 2022

Recenzja
Swimming attenuates tumor growth in CT-26 tumor-bearing mice and suppresses angiogenesis by mediating the HIF-1α/VEGFA pathway
Authors: Li Jiapeng , Liu Liya , Cheng Ying , Xie Qiurong , Wu Meizhu , Chen Xiaoping , Li Zuanfang , Chen Haichun , Peng Jun , Shen Aling
Published: March 2022

Low physical activity correlates with increased cancer risk in various cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the ways in which swimming can benefit CRC remain largely unknown. In this study, mice bearing tumors derived from CT-26 cells were randomly divided into the control and swimming groups. Mice in the swimming group were subjected to physical training (swimming) for 3 weeks. Compared with the control group, swimming clearly attenuated tumor volume and tumor weight in CT-26 tumor-bearing mice. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) identified 715 upregulated and 629 downregulated transcripts (including VEGFA) in tumor tissues of mice in the swimming group. KEGG pathway analysis based on differentially expressed transcripts identified multiple enriched signaling pathways, including angiogenesis, hypoxia, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. Consistently, IHC analysis revealed that swimming significantly downregulated CD31, HIF-1α, VEGFA, and VEGFR2 protein expression in tumor tissues. In conclusion, swimming significantly attenuates tumor growth in CT-26 tumor-bearing mice by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis via the suppression of the HIF-1α/VEGFA pathway.
Concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis model in mice: Mechanisms and future outlook
Authors: Liu Yang , Hao Huiqin , Hou Tiezheng
Published: March 2022

The concanavalin A (Con A)-induced liver injury mouse model is a typical animal model focusing on T cell-dependent hepatic damage in the field of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). However, the underlying mechanism of hepatic dysfunction due to cell activation or signaling pathways triggered by Con A has not been fully clarified. Therefore, the controversy on this model remains in the academic community. In this article, we first summarized the merit and demerit of this contentious model from the perspectives of cell dysfunction, microcirculation disturbance, involved signaling pathways, as well as the properties of Con A. Then, we summed up the scientific implications of the model in elucidating the pathogenesis of AIH, and the shortcomings of this model were also summarized to elucidate the pathogenesis and application prospect of this classical liver injury mouse model in the study of AIH.
Regulation of miR-30b in cancer development, apoptosis, and drug resistance
Authors: Fu Zhen-Jie , Chen Yan , Xu Yu-Qin , Lin Mei-Ai , Wen Hang , Chen Yi-Tao , Pan Pei-Lei
Published: March 2022

miR-30b, which is encoded by the gene located on chromosome 8q24.22, plays an important role in a variety of diseases. In most types of tumors, miR-30b significantly inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells through the regulation of target genes. Moreover, miR-30b can inhibit the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through the regulation of EGFR, AKT, Derlin-1, GNA13, SIX1, and other target genes, thus inhibiting the EMT process of tumor cells and promoting apoptosis. In addition, miR-30 plays a significant role in alleviating drug resistance in tumor cells. Although the use of miR-30b as a clinical diagnostic indicator or anticancer drug is still facing great difficulties in the short term, with the deepening of research, the potential application of miR-30b is emerging.
Implementation of multilingual mother tongue education in Cambodian public schools for indigenous ethnic minority students
Authors: Wright Wayne E. , Boun Sovicheth , Chan Virak
Published: March 2022

In this qualitative interpretive policy analysis case study, we examine the Cambodian government’s adoption and expansion of a Multilingual Education (MLE) program for speakers of different indigenous ethnic minority languages across five Northeastern provinces. Data include MLE policy documents and curriculum, observations in MLE schools, and interviews and focus groups with NGO staff, government officials, MLE Core Trainers, local MLE teachers, and school board members. We also analyze the nature of Khmer and indigenous language use and the nature of teaching and learning in the MLE schools and classrooms. Findings reveal significant success in establishing new schools and programs, expanding access to nearly 5,000 indigenous students, but also identify a number of challenges related to the governments’ capacity to further develop and expand MLE, with continual reliance on NGOs for technical and other support. Analyses of classroom observation data provide evidence of fidelity to the MLE model and curriculum, effective teaching and learning, and highly engaged teachers and students.
A topological correspondence between partial actions of groups and inverse semigroup actions
Authors: Martínez Luis , Pinedo Héctor , Uzcátegui Carlos
Published: March 2022

We present some generalizations of the well-known correspondence, found by Exel, between partial actions of a group G on a set X and semigroup homomorphism of

𝒮
⁡

(
G
)

{\operatorname{\mathcal{S}}(G)}

on the semigroup

I
⁢

(
X
)

{I(X)}

of partial bijections of X, with

𝒮
⁡

(
G
)

{\operatorname{\mathcal{S}}(G)}

being an inverse monoid introduced by Exel. We show that any unital premorphism

θ
:

G
→
S

{\theta:G\to S}

, where S is an inverse monoid, can be extended to a semigroup homomorphism

θ
*

:

T
→
S

{\theta^{*}:T\to S}

for any inverse semigroup T with

𝒮
⁡

(
G
)

⊆
T
⊆

P
*

⁢

(
G
)

×
G

{\operatorname{\mathcal{S}}(G)\subseteq T\subseteq P^{*}(G)\times G}

, with

P
*

⁢

(
G
)

{P^{*}(G)}

being the semigroup of non-empty subsets of G, and such that

E
⁢

(
S
)

{E(S)}

satisfies some lattice-theoretical condition.
We also consider a topological version of this result. We present a minimal Hausdorff inverse semigroup topology on

Γ
⁢

(
X
)

{\Gamma(X)}

, the inverse semigroup of partial homeomorphisms between open subsets of a locally compact Hausdorff space X.
Thermal Analysis of Fibers
Authors: Qian Baojun , Wu Zongquan , Yang Pingyu , Qin Jian
Published: March 2022

Conducting thermal analysis of fibers in the swollen state possesses certain characteristics and advantages. The thermograms including both TMA and DSC of 12 acrylic fiber samples of different composition and mode of formation are given in this part of the paper. The lowering of the transition temperature as a depression of the melting points according to the theory of Flory is tested. The DSC thermograms of a commercial acrylic fiber sample are separated into its constituent peaks and the bond energy of the four regions is calculated. Finally the relation of the magnitudes of the different peak of a PAC

Abbreviation of polyacrylonitrile copolymer.

) fiber sample is sought and the effects of annealing and hot stretching of acrylic fibers on its texture are demonstrated.
Gel-Permeation Chromatography as a Tool for the Real-Time-Estimation of the Chain length Distribution in a Polymerization Reactor
Authors: Papadopoulou S.
Published: March 2022

The knowledge of the chain length distribution (CLD) during the operation in a polymerization reactor is necessary in order to control polymer quality. Model-based measurement methods (Kalman filter) provide the possibility of reconstructing on-line not directly accessible process states from easily available measurements. However, the presence of model inaccuracies or disturbances influencing primarily the CLD demand additional measurement information about CLD.

An extended Kalman filter composed of two decoupled filters and considering Gel-Permeation chromatographic, (GPC), measurements for the continuous estimation of the CLD in the case of free radical polymerization of styrene is discussed. Although the existence of a time delay, due to the GPC analysis, the consideration of this measurement in the filter algorithm produces the local observability of the states characterizing the CLD, allows continuous access to the CLD and its characteristic values and provides a periodical adaption of the CLD to the reality.
Spinnability and Dyeability for Copolymer/Nano-SiO2 Fiber of Glycol and 1,2-Propanediol with PTA
Authors: Wu J. , Chen Y. , Li Z. , Li S.
Published: March 2022

In the use of corn raw materials to produce glycol (corn-EG) and 1,2-propanediol (PDO), the output of PDO is more than that of corn-EG and the latter also contains some PDO. In order to produce high-performance polyester fibers by low-cost corn-EG instead of petroleum-EG, the paper initially seeks for the highest percentage of PDO that can be added in the conventional copolymerization of corn-EG/PDO/nano-SiO2 and terephthalic acid (PTA). The experiment shows that as the content of PDO in copolyester exceeds 12 %, the POY breaking strength quickly decreases. The DTY of copolyester fiber with 12% PDO and 0.1% nano-SiO2 can be dyed in the condition of atmospheric pressure and boiling water.
Gas Assisted Injection Molding of an Industrial Part: 3D Simulation Provides Virtual Molding Trials
Authors: Polynkin A. , Pittman J. F. T. , Sienz J.
Published: March 2022

Techniques developed for three-dimensional simulation of gas assisted injection molding of thermoplastics are here extended to a complex industrial application, a car door handle, providing uniquely detailed insights into the molding process. Handling of the three stages of the process – plastic filling, and primary and secondary gas penetration – is described in terms of the boundary and initial conditions applied. Predictions for plastic filling patterns are compared successfully with molding results, and provide detailed forewarning of potential problems due to weld surfaces and air-traps. Particular emphasis is placed on accurate modeling of secondary gas penetration, which is also validated against practical results. A further novel feature is the export of an STL model of the gas core, providing a CAD model of the finished molding for subsequent in-service analysis.
Facility-based stillbirth surveillance review and response: an initiative towards reducing stillbirths in a tertiary care hospital of India
Authors: Sharma Bharti , Aggarwal Neelam , Suri Vanita , Siwatch Sujata , Kakkar Nandita , Venkataseshan Sundaram
Published: March 2022

Objectives

India has the highest number of stillbirths in the world in 2019, with an estimated stillbirth rate of 13.9 per 1,000 births. Towards better identification and documentation, a stillbirth surveillance pilot was initiated with the World Health Organization Southeast Asia collaboration in Northern India in 2014. This study aimed to assess whether stillbirth surveillance is feasible and whether this approach provides sufficient information to develop strategies for prevention.

Methods

This study followed the framework provided in “WHO Making Every Baby Count” in which mortality audit is conducted in six steps; (1) identifying cases; (2) collecting information; (3) analysis; (4) recommending solutions; (5) implementing solutions; and (6) evaluation.

Results

A total of 5,284 births were examined between December 2018 and November 2019; 266 stillbirths were identified, giving a stillbirth rate of 50.6 per 1,000 births in a tertiary care referral hospital of northern India. Out of 266 stillbirths, 223 cases were reviewed and recommendations were formulated to strengthen obstetric triage, implementing fetal growth charts, strengthen the existing referral system and improve the communication skills of health care providers for better compliance with clinical practice guidelines.

Conclusions

Conducting stillbirth surveillance review and the response of cases in low-middle income countries setting is feasible. As countries progress towards ending preventable mortality, this has the potential to serve as a key process in improving evidence-based and context-specific planning and preventive strategies towards improving the quality of care.
High efficiency and large optical anisotropy in the high-order nonlinear processes of 2D perovskite nanosheets
Authors: Chen Zehong , Shi Zhonghong , Zhang Wenbo , Li Zixian , Zhou Zhang-Kai
Published: March 2022

Nonlinear nanophotonic devices have brought about great advances in the fields of nano-optics, quantum science, biomedical engineering, etc. However, in order to push these nanophotonic devices out of laboratory, it is still highly necessary to improve their efficiency. Since obtaining novel nanomaterials with large nonlinearity is of crucial importance for improving the efficiency of nonlinear nanodevices, we propose the two-dimensional (2D) perovskites. Different from most previous studies which focused on the 2D perovskites in large scale (such as the bulk materials or the thick flakes), herein we studied the 2D perovskites nanosheets with thickness of ∼50 nm. The high-order nonlinear processes including multi-photon photoluminescence and third-harmonic generation (THG) have been systematically investigated, and it is found the THG process can have a high conversion efficiency up to ∼8 × 10−6. Also, it is observed that the nonlinear responses of 2D perovskites have large optical anisotropy, i.e., the polarization ratio for the incident polarization dependence of nonlinear response can be as high as ∼0.99, which is an impressive record in the perovskite systems. Our findings reveal the properties of high efficiency and huge optical anisotropy in the nonlinear processes of 2D perovskite nanosheets, shedding light on the design of advanced integrated nonlinear nanodevices in future.
Inverse-designed waveguide-based biosensor for high-sensitivity, single-frequency detection of biomolecules
Authors: Chung Haejun , Park Junjeong , Boriskina Svetlana V.
Published: March 2022

Integrated silicon photonic waveguide biosensors have shown great potential for detecting bio-molecules because they enable efficient device functionalization via a well-developed surface chemistry, as well as simple scalable manufacturing, which makes them particularly suitable for low-cost point-of-care diagnostic. The on-chip integrated biosensors can be broadly classified into two types: (i) high-quality factor resonator sensors and (ii) interferometric sensors relying on non-resonant optical elements such as e.g. integrated waveguides. The former type usually requires a broadband or a tunable light source as well as complicated signal post-processing to measure a shift of the resonance frequency, while the latter exhibits a relatively low sensitivity due to the lack of efficient light recycling and phase accumulation mechanism in low quality factor elements. Additionally, high quality factor resonant photonic structures can be very sensitive to the presence of other non-target molecules in the water solution, causing sensor vulnerability to any noise. In this work, we combine a computational “inverse design” technique and a recently introduced high-contrast probe cleavage detection (HCCD) technique to design and optimize waveguide-based biosensors that demonstrate high sensitivity to the target molecule while being less sensitive to noise. The proposed biosensors only require a single frequency (or narrow-band) source and an intensity detector, which greatly simplifies the detection system, making it suitable for point-of-care applications. The optimal integrated sensor design that we demonstrate shows 98.3% transmission for the positive (target detected, probes cleaved) state and 4.9% transmission for the negative (probes are still attached) state at 1550 nm wavelength. The signal intensity contrast (20.06-fold transmission increase) shown in this work is much greater than the shift of the resonance frequency (less than 1% wavelength shift) observed in conventional ring-resonator-based biosensors. The new design may pave the way for realizing a single-frequency highly sensitive and selective optical biosensor system with a small physical footprint and a simple optical readout on a silicon chip.
Consensus statement for treatment protocols in pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC)
Authors: Sgarbura Olivia , Eveno Clarisse , Alyami Mohammad , Bakrin Naoual , Guiral Delia Cortes , Ceelen Wim , Delgadillo Xavier , Dellinger Thanh , Di Giorgio Andrea , Kefleyesus Amaniel , Khomiakov Vladimir , Mortensen Michael Bau , Murphy Jamie , Pocard Marc , Reymond Marc , Robella Manuela , Rovers Koen P. , So Jimmy , Somashekhar S.P. , Tempfer Clemens , Van der Speeten Kurt , Villeneuve Laurent , Yong Wei Peng , Hübner Martin
Published: March 2022

Objectives

Safe implementation and thorough evaluation of new treatments require prospective data monitoring and standardization of treatments. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a promising alternative for the treatment of patients with peritoneal disease with an increasing number of suggested drug regimens. The aim was to reach expert consensus on current PIPAC treatment protocols and to define the most important research topics.

Methods

The expert panel included the most active PIPAC centers, organizers of PIPAC courses and principal investigators of prospective studies on PIPAC. A comprehensive literature review served as base for a two-day hybrid consensus meeting which was accompanied by a modified three-round Delphi process. Consensus bar was set at 70% for combined (strong and weak) positive or negative votes according to GRADE. Research questions were prioritized from 0 to 10 (highest importance).

Results

Twenty-two out of 26 invited experts completed the entire consensus process. Consensus was reached for 10/10 final questions. The combination of doxorubicin (2.1 mg/m2) and cisplatin (10.5 mg/m2) was endorsed by 20/22 experts (90.9%). 16/22 (72.7%) supported oxaliplatin at 120 with potential reduction to 90 mg/m2 (frail patients), and 77.2% suggested PIPAC-Ox in combination with 5-FU. Mitomycin-C and Nab-paclitaxel were favoured as alternative regimens. The most important research questions concerned PIPAC conditions (n=3), standard (n=4) and alternative regimens (n=5) and efficacy of PIPAC treatment (n=2); 8/14 were given a priority of ≥8/10.

Conclusions

The current consensus should help to limit heterogeneity of treatment protocols but underlines the utmost importance of further research.
Diagnóstico de la competencia moral y de la diferencia de género de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Robles Francia Víctor Hugo , De la Cruz-Caballero Adriana Mariela , Robles-Ramos Víctor Adrián , Banda-Guzmán Judith
Published: March 2022

La competencia moral es fundamental en el estudiante universitario, por lo que su medición eficaz a partir de las emociones morales impulsoras del comportamiento moral es fundamental. Esta investigación asumió como objetivo realizar la evaluación de la competencia moral en estudiantes dela Universidad de Guanajuato en México y comparar el nivel de esta competencia entre mujeres yhombres. Se aplicó el cuestionario moral emocional (CME), diseñado mediante emociones morales, auna muestra de 270 participantes, 167 mujeres y 103 hombres. Los resultados mostraron un valor poblacional de la competencia moral de 32.85 y la prueba U de Mann-Whitney arrojó valores designificancia superiores a 0.05 en el género. Se concluye que el nivel de la competencia moral de los participantes obtuvo un valor medio y que hombres y mujeres desarrollan igualmente habilidades cognitivas y emocionales para actuar de forma correcta.
Psychological Treatments for Psychosis: History and Overview
Authors: Bachmann Silke , Resch Franz , Mundt Christoph
Published: March 2022

This article is part of the ISPS (International Society for the Psychological Treatment of the Schizophrenias and other Psychoses) task force report on the PORT (Patients Outcome Research Team) recommendations for treatment of schizophrenia. It reviews psychological treatment approaches in psychosis to date and assesses recent trends. The most influential therapies have been psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral (CBT), and supportive therapy.
Fault-Tolerant Backup Clustering Algorithm for Smart Connected Underwater Sensor Networks
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Femi Salami Abdulazeez , Adewale Adedokun Emmanuel ,   Department of Computer Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria., Bello-Salau Habeeb ,   Department of Computer Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria., Olaniyi Sadiq Bashir ,   Department of Computer Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Published: March 2022

This paper addresses poor cluster formation and frequent Cluster Head (CH) failure issues of underwater sensor networks by proposing an energy-efficient hierarchical topology-aware clustering routing (EEHTAC) protocol. In this paper, fault-tolerant backup clustering (FTBC) algorithms and multi-parameter cluster formation (MPCF) model were developed for the EEHTAC operation. The MPCF model tackles the issue of poor cluster formation performance by integrating multiple parameters to achieve effective clustering process. The FTBC algorithms tackle the issue of frequent CH failures to avoid interruption in data transmission. Performance of the MPCF model was evaluated using normal, high-fault, and high routing overhead network scenarios. Performance metrics employed for this analysis are temporal topology variation ratio (TTVR), CH load distribution (CLD), and cluster stability (STB). Obtained results show that operating with a CH retention period of 90s achieves better CH duty cycling per round and improves the MPCF process with values of 25.69%, 55.56%, and 60% for TTVR, CLD, and STB respectively. Performance of the FTBC-based EEHTAC was evaluated relative to Energy-balanced Unequal Layering Clustering (EULC) protocol. Performance indicators adopted for this evaluation are routing overhead (Ω), end to end delay (Δ), CH failures recovered (CFR), CH failures detected (CFD), received packets (θ), and energy consumption (Σ). With reference to the best obtained values, EEHTAC demonstrated performance improvement of58.40%, 29.94%,81.33%, 28.02%, 86.65%, and 54.35% over EULC variants in terms of Ω, Δ,CFR, CFD, θ, and Σ respectively. Obtained results displayed that the MPCF model is efficient for cluster formation performance and the FTBC-based EEHTACprotocolcan perform effectively well against an existing CBR protocol.
Climate change and disturbances will shape future temperate forests in the transition zone between Central and SE Europe
Authors: Kutnar Lado , Kermavnar Janez , Pintar Anže Martin
Published: March 2022

It is expected that climate change as well as abiotic and anthropogenic disturbances will strongly influence temperate forests. Besides changes in the main climate variables, various disturbance factors may significantly worsen conditions for mesic Slovenian forests (SE Europe) dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). In Slovenia, the climate has warmed in recent decades, with an average annual rate of increase of about 0.4°C per decade or even more than 0.5°C per decade in summer. In addition, disturbances have caused considerable damage to trees in the most extensive forest types in Slovenia, starting with a widespread ice storm in 2014, followed by bark beetle outbreaks, windthrows and salvage logging interventions. After 2014, salvage logging increased from about one third to two thirds of the total annual felling. Over the last two decades, we have observed a decline in Norway spruce growing stock, with the highest rate of decrease in areas below 500 m a.s.l., and an increasing trend for European beech. Overall, the three dominant species (beech, spruce, silver fir), which together account for more than 70% of the total growing stock, have shown a declining trend over the last 20 years. The patterns observed are broadly consistent with earlier predictions developed for different climate change scenarios and with those reported in many other European countries. Adaptive forest management, which implements close-to-nature silviculture, has been traditionally practised in the region under study and has the potential to play an important role in reducing the risks associated with the impacts of climate change and disturbances in the future.
Update on the Global Prevalence of Severe Fear of Childbirth in Low-Risk Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sanjari Shahrzad , Chaman Reza , Salehin Shahrbanoo , Goli Shahrbanoo , Keramat Afsaneh
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Severe fear of childbirth (FOC) has adverse consequences for mother and child. This study aimed to update the global prevalence of severe FOC in low-risk pregnant women. Materials and Methods: Observational studies published in English were obtained through PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Wiley Online, and Google Scholar databases up to April 2020. After reviewing the title and introduction, the quality of the articles that had full text and met the inclusion criteria of the study was checked with the JBI checklist. Then, the final extracted data were entered into the STATA software. The overall prevalence of severe FOC and fear in subgroups were obtained using meta-analysis. Tests of publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Results: Overall, 27 observational studies were included (26014 participants). The global prevalence of severe FOC was 16% (95% CI: 14%–19%). The subgroup analysis showed that after 2015, the prevalence of fear was higher than before (%18 versus %14). The results also showed a higher prevalence of fear in women with a diploma and lower compared to women with a university education (%19 versus %13), in single/divorced women compared to married/cohabitation women (%21 versus %15), in nulliparous women compared to multiparous women (%17 versus %14) and in women experiencing the second trimester of pregnancy compared to women in the third trimester of pregnancy (%23 versus %14). Conclusions: The global prevalence of severe FOC was 16%. Diagnostic, preventive, therapeutic and follow-up strategies are needed to reduce fear in all countries.
Social Capital and Related Factors in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the North of Iran
Authors: Ganji Jila , Yousefi Abdolmaleki Elham , Afzali Mansoureh , Hasani Moghadam Sedigheh
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most important medical conditions in high-risk pregnancies. Social capital is one of the essential factors affecting the prevention and control of diabetes and the blood glucose level. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of social capital and its related factors in GDM in the north of Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 212 GDM women who referred to diabetes centers at Razi hospital in Ghaemshahr and Imam Khomeini hospital in Sari in 2019. The women were selected through the convenience sampling method. The data collection tools included Medical-Demographics Information Form and Onyx-Bullen’s Social Capital Questionnaire. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS (version 25) using descriptive and inferential statistics (multiple regression analysis). Results: The results of this study showed that the mean (standard deviation, SD) of age for GDM women was 29.28 (±5.75). The majority of women (58%) had an academic education. The mean (SD) of social capital was 96.46 (±21.17). Based on the results, a positive and significant correlation was observed between spouse’s education (lower than high school, P=0.001 and academic education, P=0.001), wife’s occupation (employee, P=0.015), spouse’s occupation (employee, P=0.027), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P=0.048), as well as a significant negative correlation with 2-hour FBS (P=0.048), 1-hour postprandial glucose level (P=0.001), economic status (dissatisfied, P=0.42), overweight (P=0.009), and obesity (P=0.020). Conclusions: The social capital of GDM women is influenced by various socio-economic factors. According to the findings of this study, women who are economically disadvantaged, overweight, obese, and at high blood sugar levels are at greater risk of rejecting treatment due to low social capital, resulting in poor blood sugar control. Therefore, interventions related to promoting social capital in these groups should be pursued more vigorously, and strengthening of social capital and its influencing factors should be considered as one of the main approaches of health promotion.
Comparison of General Anesthesia With Spinal Anesthesia on the Quality of Recovery of Patients With Selective Abdominal Hysterectomy in Patients Vising the Largest Women’s Disease Hospital in Northwestern Iran
Authors: Mortazavi Mir Mohammad Taghi , Parish Masoud , Dorosti Abbasali , Mohammadipour Anvari Hassan
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The quality of recovery can affect the results of abdominal hysterectomy although this effect is unknown in different methods of anesthesia. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare general anesthesia (GA) and spinal anesthesia (SA) methods on the quality of the recovery of patients with selective abdominal hysterectomy in patients visiting the largest women’s disease hospital in Northwestern Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with the participation of 350 patients with abdominal hysterectomy, who were selected by convenience sampling in Al-Zahra hospital, Tabriz, Iran in 2019. Demographic data, visual pain scale, hemodynamic status, and Aldrete-Kroulik index were recorded for each patient. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, t-test, multivariate regression, and Kolmogorov-Simonov tests in SPSS 20, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the hemodynamic status, it was found that the SA group was more stable than the GA group but this difference was not significant (P>0.05). Regarding the need for pethidine, the results revealed that the mean (± standard deviation) of the GA group was significantly higher (35.14 ± 10.14) than that of the SA group (20.15 ± 05.25, P=0.039) while there were no significant differences between the two groups in the use of the antiemetic drug (P=0.203). Finally, the evaluations of the quality of recovery showed that the mean±) SD) of the quality of recovery in SA patients was significantly higher compared to GA patients (P=0.015). Conclusions: In general, the quality of recovery was higher in the SA compared to the GA regarding abdominal hysterectomy.
Evacuating Uterine Contents before Operative Hysteroscopy in Patients With Active Uterine Bleeding: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sayyah-Melli Manizheh , Kazemi-Shishavan Maryam , Behravan Nooshin , Mostafa Gharabaghi Parvin , Rahmani Vahideh
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Concurrent bleeding or existing clots usually obscure the vision field and decrease the hysteroscopy success rate. Therefore, any efforts made to have a clear view during the hysteroscopy will improve the diagnostic or treatment outcomes. We examined the effect of preoperative clot evacuation on hysteroscopy related outcomes. Materials and Methods: In this parallel-group randomized clinical trial conducted in Al-Zahra hospital, Tabriz, Iran, 114 women with uterine bleeding were randomly assigned to receive either clot evacuation before standard operative hysteroscopy or after that from December 2018 to September 2019. The study outcomes were the clarity of vision, amount of bleeding, the volume of required distension media, duration of the procedure, and postoperative complications. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the frequency of the clear vision (P<0.001), the severity of bleeding, mean procedure time (P<0.001), mean used distension media and the mean postoperative hematocrit levels in favour of women with pre-hysteroscopy intrauterine evacuation. There was no difference in in-hospital stay and anaesthetic complications among the two groups. The procedure was successfully performed on all participants of both groups with no post-operative complications. Conclusions: Removal of clots and other uterine contents before the insertion of the hysteroscope rendered better and faster access to the uterine wall to observe existing abnormalities. This additional surgical step could significantly impact surgical and clinical outcomes.
Homozygosity for a novel INHA mutation in two male siblings with hypospadias, primary hypogonadism, and high-normal testicular volume
Authors: Arslan Ates Esra , Eltan Mehmet , Sahin Bahadir , Gurpinar Tosun Busra , Seven Menevse Tuba , Geckinli Bilgen Bilge , Greenfield Andy , Turan Serap , Bereket Abdullah , Guran Tulay
Published: March 2022

Background

The human INHA gene encodes the inhibin subunit alpha protein, which is common to both inhibin A and B. The functional importance of inhibins in male sex development, sexual function, and reproduction remain largely unknown.

Objective

We report for the first time two male siblings with homozygous INHAmutations.

Methods

The medical files were examined for clinical, biochemical, and imaging data. Genetic analysis was performed using next-generation and Sanger sequencing methods.

Results

Two brothers complained of gynecomastia, testicular pain, and had a history of hypospadias. Biochemistry revealed low serum testosterone, high gonadotropin and anti-Mullerian hormone, and very low/undetectable inhibin concentrations, where available. Both patients had azoospermia in the spermiogram. We have identified a homozygous 2 bp deletion (c.208_209delAG, R70Gfs*3) variant, which leads to a truncated INHA protein in both patients, and confirmed heterozygosity in the parents. The external genital development, pubertal onset and progression, reproductive functions, serum gonadotropins, and sex hormones of mother and father, who were heterozygous carriers of the identified mutation, were normal.

Conclusion

Homozygosity for INHA mutations causes decreased prenatal and postnatal testosterone production and infertility in males, while the heterozygous female and male carriers of INHA mutations do not have any abnormality in sex development and reproduction.
Surgical Correction of Spontaneous Outflow Graft Twisting of HeartMate 3 LVAD via a Subcostal Approach
Authors: Nishida Hidefumi , Jeevanandam Valluvan , Nathan Sandeep , Ota Takeyoshi
Published: March 2022

We present two cases of successful surgical correction of a HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist device (LVAD) outflow graft twisting through a subcostal approach. These twistings were diagnosed with computed tomography or pull-back pressure measurement. Technically, a subcostal approach allowed us to access directly the twisted outflow graft and the device connector in a less invasive fashion as compared with a re-sternotomy. Diagnostic modality and surgical tips that address graft twisting are presented within the discussion of these two case studies. The institutional review board of our institution approved this study and waived the requirement for informed consent.
Is Modified Del Nido Cardioplegia as Effective as Del Nido Cardioplegia in Patients With Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?
Authors: Karaarslan Kemal , Erdinc Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

Objective: Is modified del Nido cardioplegia superior to del Nido cardioplegia in coronary artery bypass patients?
Material and methods: All patients underwent cardiopulmonary bypass and retrospectively were analyzed. A total of 70 patients were included in the study. Thirty-four patients who were given cold (+ 4-8C ') modified del Nido cardioplegia antegrade were evaluated. Other patients received classical del Nido cardioplegia. Hot shot warm blood cardioplegia was given to all patients before the cross-clamp was removed. The results of both groups were compared.
Results: There was no significant difference between cardiac arrest times in both groups. A statistically significant difference was found in the modified del Nido cardioplegia group in the working of the heart. Less fibrillation was observed in the modified del Nido cardioplegia group. No difference found between the groups, regarding myocardial preservation. No decrease in hemoglobin was observed in the modified del Nido group on the postoperative first day.
Conclusions: We know that return to spontaneous sinus rhythm and fibrillation reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury. At the same time, we can see that epicardial edema was less in the modified del Nido group. We think that less anemia is an advantage of modified del Nido cardioplegia.
Influence of land use and occupation on water quality and on the diatom community of reservoirs in northeast Brazil
Authors: Silva Kelly Dayane Pereira da , Santos João Paulo de Oliveira , Pereira Maria Cristina Santos , Machado Célia Cristina Clemente , Barbosa Luciana Gomes
Published: March 2022

Historically, the reduction in water quality has been associated with changes in land use, especially changes in urbanization and expansion of agricultural frontiers. The objective of this study was to understand the characteristics of the diatomological community and the use and occupation of the soil around three reservoirs (Arara, Rio do Canto and Araçagi) and natural lagoon (Lagoa do Paó) (Northeast Brazil). Land use was determined using high spatial resolution satellite images. Abiotic variables of water and total phosphorus, organic matter and diatoms in surface sediments were analyzed. Abiotic variables and assemblages of diatoms were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Four types of land use have been identified, associated with anthropogenic change and intensive use of the landscape. The PCA separated the reservoirs by trophic status based on the total phosphorus in the water. 24 taxa of diatoms distributed in 12 genera and 10 families were identified in the sediment. Our results indicate the occurrence of planktonic, epiphytic and benthic diatoms adapted to different trophic gradients
Stilwert und stilistische Funktionen von Vergleichskonstruktionen in Alma M. Karlins Werk ‚Windlichter des Todes. Ein Roman aus Siam‘ (1933)
Authors: Pohl Inge
Published: March 2022

By analyzing specific comparative structures, the article demonstrates how Karlin uses this syntactic-structural model quantitatively and stylistically in the above-mentioned novel. Based on the results of this analysis and considering the potential recipients of Karlín’s works, the paper characterizes the stylistic functions of these structures. It shows how specific stylistic features demonstrate Karlin’s linguistic awareness and instincts.
Afinite Konstruktionen in Grimmelshausens Simplicissimus. Eine Stichprobe
Authors: Rinas Karsten
Published: March 2022

This article deals with the use of afinite constructions (auxiliary ellipsis) in a famous German novel of the 17th century: Grimmelshausen’s Simplicissimus. According to a study by Andersson, these constructions are used to create symmetrical clause endings. However, Andersson’s study has philological and methodological shortcomings because it is based on a problematic edition of the Simplicissimus, it uses vague criteria, and it does not reflect the crucial linguistic unit for complex constructions in the 17th century: the rhetorical period. Therefore, Andersson’s survey is repeated here under more adequate conditions.
La violencia sin huella. Un estudio sobre los estereotipos femeninos y de la violencia como obstáculos en la judicialización de denuncias en Querétaro, México
Authors: Córdova Esparza Karen Edith , Terven Salinas Adriana
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo muestra, desde una perspectiva crítica feminista del derecho, algunos de los obstáculos para la judicialización de casos de violencia moral contra mujeres en la justicia penal en la ciudad de Querétaro, México. El estudio se realizó con base en etnografía en espacios de justicia y etnografía feminista, mediante observación de procesos de denuncia de mujeres-víctimas en el Centro de Justicia para Mujeres en Querétaro, entrevistas semiestructuras a operadoras de justicia y entrevistas a profundidad a mujeres víctimas de violencia, elaboradas, respectivamente, durante los periodos de febrero-abril y septiembre-octubre de 2020. A partir de lo anterior se encontró que los estereotipos acerca del deber ser de las mujeres y el estereotipo de que la violencia ejercida contra las mujeres adopta, predominantemente, la forma de violencia física, se constituyen en obstáculos para el procesamiento en la esfera penal de la violencia moral, cuyo carácter es sutil y se manifiesta sin dejar huellas físicas. Por consiguiente, desde una perspectiva crítica feminista, que observa al derecho no como una unidad objetiva y neutral, sino como productor de género, se plantea que estos estereotipos prolongan las relaciones asimétricas de poder entre mujeres y hombres dentro del orden patriarcal.
Presencias y ausencias: análisis comparado de tres narrativas sobre la Independencia en la escritura de V. F. López, Rosario Orrego e Iris (Chile, 1845-1930)
Authors: Arre Marfull Montserrat
Published: March 2022

El artículo tiene por objetivo comparar tres narrativas didáctico-doctrinales, escritas por un autor y dos autoras (Vicente Fidel López, Rosario Orrego e Iris), que tienen en común su referencia a la época de la Revolución de Independencia de Chile (1810-1818). Tomaremos ciertas ideas de la sociocrítica para establecer la relación interdiscursiva entre las obras. Se usa, principalmente, el concepto de ideosema, integrante de esta propuesta metodológica. A través de la revisión de los acontecimientos narrados y los personajes que se mencionan, describen u omiten, reflexionaremos sobre la caracterización social (raza, clase, sexo) de quienes participan de estas narrativas, con la finalidad de mostrar de qué manera dicho momento formativo de la identidad chilena fue interpretado y representado en las décadas posteriores, estableciendo continuidades y diferencias entre dichos relatos. Observaremos que existe cierta continuidad entre estos tres relatos, donde la propuesta del López, la idea de lo criollo que se establece como la opción posible para una transformación revolucionaria y civilizatoria, es continuada en ciertos aspectos por Orrego e Iris, aunque también concluimos que estas autoras, a pesar de sus diferencias, insertan, además, la perspectiva desde la agencia de la mujer, ausente en López.
Desmitificando al ser humano desde la Economía Conductual
Authors: Pérez Martínez Armenio , Rodríguez Fernández Aimara
Published: March 2022

Los aportes de la Economía Conductual contribuyen a desmitificar estas declaraciones que justifican determinados comportamientos discriminatorios del ser humano. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los criterios de la Economía Conductual que contribuyen a desmitificar la esencia humana y sus comportamientos nocivos para el desarrollo de la vida en el planeta. Se realiza una investigación teórica, a partir de la selección de obras clásicas de los últimos 50 años que abordan el tema objeto de estudio, aplicando métodos teóricos como el análisis y la síntesis. Se concluye que la racionalidad humana es limitada, la información se percibe de manera parcial, se analiza de modo incompleto y las decisiones están influenciadas por los heurísticos y sesgos cognitivos, además de las emociones y estados de ánimo de las personas. De manera que se desmitifica las posturas de superioridad hegemónica del ser humano en la naturaleza y del hombre sobre la mujer.
Combination therapy of specific aeroallergens immunotherapy and omalizumab, in children with severe asthma
Authors: Valdesoiro-Navarrete Laura , León María Esther , Rodríguez Marcos , Indiveri Martina , Ayats Roser , Larramona Helena , García González Miguel , De la Cruz Òscar Asensio , Bosque García Montserrat
Published: March 2022

Background: In most cases, severe asthma in children has an allergic etiology, but allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is contraindicated.
Objective: This study aimed at analyzing the safety and efficacy of AIT in patients with severe asthma treated with omalizumab (OM).
Methods: A descriptive real-life study was carried out by reviewing medical records. Effectiveness was measured by the degree of control (CAN questionnaire), number of hospitalizations per year, number of exacerbations per year, and maintenance treatment and lung function (FEV1). Some adverse reactions occurred (AAI-EAACI-WAO guidelines).
Results: The retrospective study included 29 patients up to 18 years of age with severe asthma with OM plus AIT treatment. AIT treatment was started in a cluster schedule when patients treated with OM achieved disease control. Before starting AIT, patients were treated with OM for 1 year for achieving asthmatic control. AIT to mites (51%), Alternaria (37.9%), or pollens (10.3%) was administered. After one year with OM plus AIT,statistically significant differences in CAN scores and FEV1 measures were observed (P < 0.001). No patients under treatment with OM plus AIT required hospital admission. During the clustering schedule, only 3/64 doses showed systemic adverse reactions. During the AIT maintenance treatment, 348 doses were administered, with no significant adverse reactions.
Conclusion: In this population-based study in children with severe asthma, the combined treatment with OM plus AIT was safe and effective. This strategy allows these pediatric patients to be safely treated with AIT.