bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES EXHIBITED BY ALUMINIUM-SILVER ALLOY IN THE PROCESS OF FATIGUE LOADING
Authors: WANG ZHONG-GUANG  , XIA YUE-BO  , HUANG YUAN-SHI  , GE TING-SUI  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

Torsional fatigue experiments were performed with Al-7.27% Ag alloy in the quenched state. The △E-N curves were determined under various torsion strains and metallographie observations were made on the specimen surface after various numbers of stress cycles.Experimental results showed that, when the torsion strain is small, △E was found to decrease with the increase of stress cycle N. The change of the △E-N curves is similar to those previously reported for Al-Cu and Al-Mg alloys under lower torsion strains. However, when the torsion strain is large, AE decreases slightly at the beginning, increases subsequently to some higher value, and drops again until the specimen is fractured. The shape of the △E-N curves is very different from those of Al-Cu and Al-Mg alloys at same strains. The metallographie change of the specimen surface during cyclic deformation was found to be divided into two distinct stages. In the initial period of fatigue loading, fine straight slip lines are homogeneously distributed within certain grains. However, some of them suddenly become highly concentrated and prominent after a certain number of cycles. With increasing fatigue cycles, newly generated localized slip bands occur successively between the existing ones. This observation is markedly different from that observed on pure aluminiun and the quenched Al-Mg alloys, where only the existing slip regions appeared to become broader with the increase of cyclic straning. In addition, fatigue cracks were frequently observed to initiate and propagate along grain boundaries.The results obtained was discussed in terms of the electrical interaction of silver atoms with dislocation and the cutting effect of the to-and-fro moving dislocations though spherical clusters of silver solute atoms.
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF (Ni, Co)3Al4 IN THE Al-Ni-Co TERNARY SYSTEM——A NEW VACANCY CONTROLLED ALLOY PHASE
Authors: LU XUE-SHAN  , LI FANG-HUA  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

(Ni, Co)3Al4 is a ternary phase in the Al-Ni-Co system, the homogeneous range at room temperature being 55-58.5 A/0 Al, 26-35 A/0 Ni, and 10-15.5 A/0 Co. It belongs to the cubic system with space group Oh10-Ia3d. There are 112 atoms per unit cell, the lattice spacing at room temperature being α = 11.3962?.This structure may be considered as a superlattice built up by stacking together 64 CsCl type fundamental structural units. Among these structural units, there are 16 ‘Centre' positions left vacant in order. They occupy the 16(b) equivalent positions forming 16 octahedral voids. The ‘Corner' positions 16(α) and 48(f) are all occupied by Al atoms, while the ‘Centre' positions 48(g) are occupied at random by Ni and Co. Due to the existence of the voids, the positions originally at cube corners and centres are displaced somewhat, the parameters being xf = 0.010, xg = 0.369.Prom the homogeneous range of this alloy phase and the distribution of the various atoms in the structure, the ideal stoichiometric formula of this alloy phase may be written as (Ni, Co)3Al4. There are 16 formula weights per unit cell.
A VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE FOR THE EQUILIBRIUM OF A FREE-BOUNDARY PLASMA
Authors: WANG DE-YU  ,   西南物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In the free-boundary case, the extremum of the potential functional is found from the variational principle. Thereby the equation and boundary conditions required for plasma equilibrium are derived. The Euler equation of the relevant functional is the magnetic surface function equation with the condition of free boundary. A variational functional suitable for numerical computation is given. This functional corresponds to a boundary value problem with an equal-value surface boundary condition. For the case of a conducting wall of simple geometry (i.e., a rectangular wall), numerical computation has been carried out by using the Ritz method.
A CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION ON THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSITION PHASE β2 IN AN AGED Mg-Zn ALLOY
Authors: SU QIAN-WU  , XU SHUN-SHENG  ,   中国科学院上海冶金研究所
Published: November 2020

The co-existence of two transition phases β′1 and β′2 at the initial stage of 165℃ aging of a Mg-5% Zn alloy was shown by means of X-ray diffraction method. The one-dimensional diffraction phenomena of the thin rod-like transition phase β′2 were investigated in detail. This transition phase has a hexagonal lattice structure, its long axis is the 6-fold symmetry axis [0001](β′2). The lattice constants of β′2 and its orientational relationship with the magnesium matrix are found as follows:a(β′2)=13.2?,c(β′2)=5.25?,[0001](β′2)∥[0001]M,(β′2)∥M. The problem concerning the lattice distortion of the matrix by precipitation of the β′2 phase has been discussed.
DEFECTS ETCHING PITS OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSES ON EPITAXIAL SILICON CLEAVAGE SURFACE
Authors: CAI TIAN-HAI  ,   中国科学院半导体研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper results of observation using the Wright etchent on epitaxial silicon (111) cleavage surface are described. On silicon cleavage surface the etehent reveals stacking faults, dislocations, S-pits and other etch pits. Some of the buried stacking faults are also observed.
AN EMPIRICAL EQUATION FOR OPTICAL ORIENTATING CRYSTALS WITH LARGE OPTICAL AXIS ANGLES
Authors: XIAO CHAO-LIANG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this note, the isogyres width of the interfuence figure in a convergent polarizing microscope is considered. Due to the occurence of this width, the angle through which the isogyres is brought from the black cross to the position just beyond the view field of a polarizing microscope would be increased. By taking into account this effect, the pricision of optical. Orientating trick crystal with large optical axis angle and high refraction index can be enhanced substantially.
THE CRITICAL VELOCITY OF RUNAWAY ELECTRONS IN A MAGNETIZED PLASMA
Authors: KANG SHOU-WAN  , CAI SHI-DONG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The critical velocity of runaway electrons in a magnetized plasma is investigated from a kinetic theoretical approach. The results of numerical calculation are obtained for the parameter regions of tokamaks. The frictional force along the magnetic field encountered by the higher velocity runaway electrons is greater than that in a field free plasma. This means a higher critical velocity in a magnetized plasma. For an electron with large longitudinal velocity, the transverse velocity enhances the dynamic friction. This gives rise to the results of a higher critical velocity for the electrons with larger transverse velocity.
THE ION OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SECOND ORDER ABERRATION OF THE CROSSED TOROIDAL ELECTRIC AND INHOMOGENEOUS MAGNETIC FIELDS AS A MASS SPECTROMETER
Authors: XIMEN JI-YE  ,   北京大学无线电电子学系
Published: November 2020

The ion optical properties of the crossed toroidal electric and inhomogeneous magnetic fields as a mass spectrometer are discussed. By means of Fermat's principle, the equations of ion trajectory are derived. The second order aberration are calculated for the crossed fields mass spectrometer.
ANOMALOUS BEHAVIER OF STRIPED GaAs DH LASERS AT LOW TEMPERATURE
Authors: DAI SHOU-YU  , QI SHANG-XUE  , LI ZHAO-LIN  , ZHOU PEI-ZHEN  , TAO HONG-JIE  , WANG CHANG-HENG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

It is shown in our experiments that the threshold current of the lasers decreases with the lowering of temperature, and finally enters saturation region. This is essentially consistent with Hwang's result in the range of 300-10 K. But further lowering in temperature will increase the threshold current of the lasers. We suppose that this iucreasement is caused by the leakage of carriers. When the temperature is in the range of 2.8-6 K, the threshold current, the voltage at the junction and the dynamic electric resistance all exhibit regular structures. If the electron-hole liquid has been generated in this process, it may be explained qualitatively by Landau's phase diagram. However, we also can not exclude the possibility that this structure is due to the impurity energy band, which could play an important role in the above mentioned process.
PLANCK LENGTH AND THE FIVE-DIMENSIONAL PRINCIPAL U1-BUNDLE THEORY UNIFYING GRAVITATION AND ELECTROMAGNETISM
Authors: WU YONG-SHI  ,   中国科学院理论物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In the 5-dimensional principal U1-bundle theory unifying gravitation and electro-magnetism, which is a new version of the old Kaluza theory, the radius of the closed, space-like fifth dimension is determined to be Planck length times 2α-1/2 (α-the fine-structure constant). This explains why the fifth dimension has not been apparently observed yet.
RELAXATION BEHAVIORS OF THE DEPOLARIZATION CURRENT AND THE APPARENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF α-LiIO3 SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: ZHU YONG  , ZHANG DAO-FAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A detailed experimental investigation of the current relaxation of α-LiIO3 single crystals is reported in this article. It was found that after turn off of the dc field initially applied in the direction of C-axis, the decrease of current follows a negative power law (t/t0)-α from the beginning responding time of our apparatus to a certain time tk, and after tk the current decreases approximately as (t/t0)(-α′ln(t/t0)). The parameters α,α′ and tk depend on the temperature of the specimen and the magnitude of the applied field.Nearly ten specimens were measured, with a small dc field the results obtained on most crystals show that the parameters α and α′ change from specimen to specimen but have their values within the following range:0.43≤α≤0.7, 0.07≤α′≤ 0.09. We also found that both the relaxation behavior of the apparent dielectric constant and that of neutron diffraction observed on α-LiIO3 conform to the same empirical expression as given above for the depolarization current except with different parameters. It may be concluded that these relaxation processes would be due to the same physical origin.
A TEM STUDY OF PARTIAL DISLOCATIONS IN A NICKEL-CHROMIUM ALLOY
Authors: GUO KE-XIN  , LIN BAO-JUN  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

The partial dislocations bordering a stacking fault and appearing on a coherent twin boundary in a Ni-Cr alloy (20% Cr, 1% Al, 2.5% Ti) were studied by TEM and the findings are as follows:1. The using of g·bp=±2/3 or ±1/3 as the criterion of appearance or disappearance of partial dislocations is acceptable, though not rigorous. Therefore, it is preferrable to choose {220} or {311} reflections to form diffraction contrast image and use g·bp = 0 to determine the Burgers vectors of the partial dislocations.2. Partial dislocation pairs appeared on coherent twin boundaries as a consequence of the dissociation of perfect dislocations.3. Stacking faults on parallel slip planes move and sometimes overlap each other. In overlapping faults the partial dislocations separating intrinsic and extrinsic faults showed no contrast when g·bp = ± 2/3 and appeared as white lines on the dark background of stacking faults, while they appeared as dark lines when g·bp= ± 1/3.
A P(2×2) STRUCTURE FORMED BY THE ADSORPTION OF NITROGEN ON Ni(001) SURFACE
Authors: LI RI-SHENG  , TU LI-XUN  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

After bombarding the Ni(001) surface by an Ar ion beam with primary energy of 500 eV and beam current of 5 μA in the presence of residual nitrogen under a total pressure of 5×10-5 torr, we have found a P(2×2) structure formed by the adsorption of nitrogen on Ni(001) surface by means of LBED. This is much similar to the structure caused by the adsorption of oxygen or the segregation of carbon with a surface concentration of one quarter monolayer on the same crystal surface. A primary discussion on the nature of nickel-nitrogen bond has been made.
A SIMPLE METHOD OF REMOVING RESIDUAL CARBON FOR PREPARING CLEAN NICKEL SURFACE
Authors: LI RI-SHENG  , ZHANG WEN-LING  , XIE TIAN-SHENG  , SUN YU-ZHEN  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

Argon ion sputtering alone does not remove completely the carbon remained on the nickel surface. By bombarding the nickel surface contaminated with carbon with an electron beam under a pressure of 10-8-10-9 torr to enhance the adsorption of oxygen on it, we obtain a nickel surface with both absorbed oxygen and carbon. Heating this surface at 360℃ for 45 minutes, we could obtain an atomically clean surface without carbon. The conditions and the possible machanism of removing residual carbon by oxygen are disccused.
AN X-RAY INVESTIGATION OF THE Co-Ga BINARY SYSTEM
Authors: LU XUE-SHAN  , LIANG JING-KUI  , ZHANG DAO-FAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The Co-Ga binary system has been investigated by X-rays in conjunction with differential thermal analysis.It has been established that besides Ga and γ-Co which is the room temperature modification of pure cobalt, there are three phases in the entire system, α′,β and ψ. α′ is a superstructure phase based on a face-centred cubic fundamental lattice, and may be considered as a solid solution of α-Co which is the high temperature form of pure cobalt, stabilized at room temperature due to the addition of gallium. The homogeneous range of this phase at room temperature is 2.4-10.7 at % Ga. The β phase is formed by a peritectic reactio α+L ←→β at 1177℃, with a homogeneous range 36.3-59.8 at % Ga at room temperature. The structure of this phase is of the CsCl (B2) type. The lattice spacing changes with composition in such a way that it rises at first, reaches a maximum, and then falls off with the gallium content. This is similar to the β phase in the Al-Ni system. In the Co-rich side of the maximum, it appears as a substitutional type solid solution, while in the Ga-rich side, it belongs to the defect type, the addition of Ga atoms being equivalent to the dropping off of some Co atoms from the normal lattice. The homogeneous range of the ψ phase is extremely narrow, existing only at the near neighbourhood of the stoichiometric composition 75 at % Ga. This phase belongs to the tetragonal system with space group D4h14-P42/mnm. Bach unit cell contains four formula weights CoGa3, and the lattice spacings at 75.4 at % Ga and 20℃ are α=6.2365?, c=6.4347?, c/a = 1.0318. It is formed peritectically (α + L←→ψ)at 833℃.Neither Ga in γ-Co nor Co in Ga shows any detectable solid solubility. There exists an eutectic horizontal from CoGa3 to Ga at 27℃, with the eutectic point very close to pure gallium.
IMPURITY OUT-DIFFUSION MODEL IN RECRYSTALLIZATION OF AMORPHOUS LAYER DUE TO HIGH DOSE ION IMPLANTATION
Authors: XIA RI-YUAN  ,   山东大学物理系
Published: November 2020

A model of impurity precipitate-dislocation generation, impurity atom-dislocation interaction and impurities rapid diffusion along grain boundaries has been used to explain the out-diffusion behaviour of implanted impurities and defect movement in the amorphous layers due to high dose ion implantation during reerystallization annealing. Taking the resultant stress effect of the dislocations in to account, the diffusion equation of impurities has been established. By using Pb+ ions with energy of 80 keV implanted in (111) silicon to the dose of 1016cm-2 as an example, a mathematical and physical treatment of the diffusion equation has been carried out. Thereby a method of deducing the apparent diffusion coefficient varying with time and the longitudinal profile of the force exerted by the resultant stress of dislocations on the impurities according to the experimental measurements has been proposed. The measured constant of interaction between dislocations and impurities, α, is α≈8.4×10-28dyn·cm3, and the time variation of the apparent diffusion coefficient D in a time interval can be expressed as a exponential function.
INFLUENCE OF ORIENTATIONS ON THERMALLY INDUCED BIREFRINGENCE IN YAG:Nd CRYSTALS
Authors: ZHOU LIANG-ZHI  , ZHANG SHAN-SHAN  , ZHANG SHOU-DU  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

Thermally induced birefringence and transmission coefficient for several commonly used YAG: Nd crystal rods were calculated theoretically and relations between the transmission coefficient and the polarizer angle and the output power were measured experimentally. The theoretical results are in good agreement with that of experiments. Our results show that when the above mentioned rods are used, if we follow the orientation relations and use the transmission coefficients given in this paper, with a polarizer properly placed in the Laser cavity, then excellent polarized output can be achieved.
LITHIUM IONIC CONDUCTIVITY OF LISICON SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: CHEN LI-QUAN  , WANG CHANG-QING  , WANG LIAN-ZHONG  , XIAO CHAO-LIANG  , BI JIAN-QING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Lithium ionic conductivity of LISICON single crystals grown by Czochralski method has been investigated. It was found that the conductivities in different orientations do not show strong anisotropy and the relations between them are: σb≤σa≤σc≤σ[110]. The lithium content in the crystals have obvious influence on conductivity. When Li/Zn ratio changes from 6.7 to 9.2, the conductivity in a-direction at 300℃ increases from 4.3 × 10-2Ω-1·cm-1 to 1.25×10-1Ω-1·cm-1. Three transition points at ～80℃, ～140℃ and ～300℃ have been shown in logσT vs. 1/T curves. The activation energy for conduction are 0.5-0.58 eV (25-80℃), 0.92 eV (80-140℃), 0.64 eV (140-300℃) and 0.36 eV (> 300℃) respectively. The polarization experiments indicated that LISICON is a lithium ionic conductor with negligible electronic conductivity.
GRAVITATIONAL MASS DEFECT IN REISSNER-NORDSTR?M METRIC (WITH CONSERVATION OF CHARGE)
Authors: XU ZHONG-MIN  , ZHU SHI-CHANG  ,   (1)复旦大学物理系; (2)上海师范学院物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper gravitational mass defect in charged static and spherically symmetric metric discussed by [1,3] is extended to the case in which charge is kept constant in the course of gravitational mass defect. Some curves showing defected mass M variation as a function of the primary mass M0, the specific charge a and the radius r are presented, (ref 4)
X-RAY TOPOGRAPHICAL STUDY ON DEFECTS IN α-LiIO3 DECORATED BY SPACE CHARGE DUE TO THE APPLIED DC FIELDS
Authors: GU YUAN-XIN  , GE PEI-WEN  , ZHAO YA-QIN  , HU BO-QING  , WU LAN-SHENG  , FU QUAN-GUI  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The diffraction contrast in the X-ray topographs, taken for the crystal face parallel to the c-axis of the α-LiIO3 single crystals, appears to change remarkably under the action of an applied DC field along the c axis. The contrast in the topographs is restored after the removal of the applied field. After either turning on or turning off the DC voltage, relaxation processes are observed in both the change and the restoration of the diffraction contrast in the X-ray topographs. The change of the contrast depends on the polarity and magnitude of the applied voltage, but appears to be independent of the wave length of the X-ray.The X-ray topographs taken under the condition that a DC field is applied to the crystal displays the macroscopic crystal defects decorated by the space charges. In other words, we can observe the originally undetectable defects, while the space charges accumulate on the crystal defects, the local lattice distortion around the defects is enhanced.
THE VISIBLE FLUORESCENCE DYNAMICS OF BCl3 INDUCED BY HIGH-POWER INFRARED LASER RADIATION
Authors: XU JI-REN  , JIANG YI-FENG  , HUANG NAN-TANG  , LIN GUANG-HAI  ,   (1)中国科学院力学研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A variety of visible fluorescent processes in pure BC13 gas irradiated with TEA CO2 laser radiation are observed. The space, time and spetrum distribution of visible fluorescence, as well as their dependence on the laser energy, the pressure of BC13 gas and other parameters are measured systematically. The visible fluorescent processes in BCl3 gas are discussed by using a simplified dynamical collision model. The analytical expressions for equivalent vibrational temperature and visible fluorescence intensity, and a simple relation Pτdelay= C/K(Tv) are obtained. The calculated values are in agreement with the experimental results.
THE THERMO-OPTIC EFFECT OF AN OPTICAL ELEMENT IN LASER RESONATOR
Authors: YE BI-QING  , MA ZHONG-LIN  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

The temperature profile and thermal-focusing effect induced by a high-order transverse mode laser beam in an internal element have been analyzed. We calculate the input-output power relationship for ordinary and extraordinary waves in a LiNbO3 crystal inside the resonator. Our calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results of P. G. Konvisar et, al., and, further, revise their calculated result for extraordinary waves. The internal thermo-optic hysteresis and focusing effect are also investigated experimentally.
THE EFFECT OF FINITE ION LARMOR RADIUS ON THE EIGENMODES OF DRIFT WAVE
Authors: ZHANG CHENG-FU  ,   北京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, it is shown that in the practical case of Ti≠ 0, for short wavelength modes (i.e. Sy≡ky2ρi2≥1), the usually adopted eigen-equation of drift wave is theoretically inconsistent, consequently, the inference that "The universal mode in fact, is stable" is also inappropriate. Under the condition of low magnetic field shear (Ls/rn >>[2Timi/Teme]1/2), a consistent eigen-equation of drift wave is deduced, which is valid for Sy≥1 as well as for Syi2), it can be shown that there is no unstable mode (i.e. there is no solution with γ>0). But if the correction term is taken into account, no definite conclusion about its stability can be obtained as yet.
INSTABILITIES DUE TO RUNAWAY ELECTRONS
Authors: XIA MENG-FEN  , ZHOU RU-LING  ,   (1)北京大学物理系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the effect of acceleration of runaway electrons on the microscopic instabilities is discussed. The result shows that the mechanism of instabilities is no longer a simple wave-particle resonant effect. When the resonant velocity is far away from the boundaries of the velocity region of runaway electrons, the growth rate is not considerably different from that in the no acceleration case. However, if it is close to the boundaries, the effect of acceleration on the growth rate will be important.
THE ELIMINATION OF BRIGHT CONTINUOUS SPECTRAL BACKGROUND IN SPECTROGRAM BY MEANS OF COHERENT OPTICAL PROCESSING
Authors: MU GUO-GUANG  , KANG HUI  , LI ZHENG-MING  ,   南开大学物理系
Published: November 2020

From the point of view of the optical information processing, we consider the spectrogram in which the spectral lines are immersed in the bright continuous background as a low contrast optical picture. By means of the coherent optical processing system and a special high-pass filter, the Fourier spectrum of the continuous background can be reduced and then the final result may appear as a spactrogram without continuous background. This may be considered as a new method for enhancement of the ratio S/N of a spectrogram.
THE DIPOLAR COUPLING AND THE SYMMETRY OF PHONONS IN MOLECULAR CRYSTALS
Authors: WU GUO-ZHEN  ,   中国科学院化学研究所
Published: November 2020

In this article, the symmetry of phonons and the coupling between phonons along different coordinates directions are discussed for molecular crystals in which dipolar coupling exists. Also obtained are the relationships between the Raman tensor components of phonons with k=0 which are of the symmetry of the irreducible representations of the unit cell group and those of groups of atoms which possess some site group in a unit cell.
GENERALIZED SUZUKI FORMULA AND ITS APPLICATION IN LIQUID CRYSTALS
Authors: ZHANG ZHAO-QING  , FENG KE-AN  , LIN LEI  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The rigorous formula of Suzuki for correlation function of classical systems and Ising model is generalized and applied to the rotationally invariant Maier-Saupe Hamil-tonian of liquid crystals.The results show that the microscopic treatment of the correlation function and magnetic Cotton-Mouton coefficient by one of the authors is indeed correct within the approximation stated. The random phase approximation results of Vertogen and van der Meer is improved. A scheme to describe the thermodynamics of liquid crystals beyond the mean field approximation is proposed.
MEASUREMENT OF THE EMISSIVITY AND RADIATION TEMPERATURE OF VARIOUS ROOM TEMPERATURE MATERIALS
Authors: Zhang You-wen  , Zhang Cai-gen  ,   (1)上海交通大学; (2)中国科学院上海技术物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The emissivity of various room temperature materials may be measured simply by the HD Infrared Low Temperature Radiometer, the results of the measurement are in agreement with those of other articles.When the radiation temperature of various room temperature materials is measuredit is found that values obtained are nearly all the same. In order to explain these experimental results, the corresponding formulas are deduced, in these cases, the reflective radiation must be considered.
A MODEL OF THE RELATIVE DISPLACEMENT OF THE d BAND IN A-15 SUPERCONDUCTING COMPOUNDS
Authors: Pan Shao-hua  , Luo Qi-guang  , Liu Fu-sui  ,   (1)北京大学物理系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The characteristics of the crystal field in A3B type compounds with A-15 structure are considered, the relative displacements △E⊥ between d-electron energy levels for atom A are calculated according to the pair potential model, and an improved RCA energy band model is further suggested based on the LCAO method. By following this approach, the dependence on △E⊥ of the superconducting critical temperature of the V3B compounds is obtained. The theoretical results are in rough agreement with experimental data.
LOW FREQUENCY INTERNAL FRICTION IN ALUMINIUM-COPPER ALLOYS IN THE PROCESS OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION
Authors: Zhang Jin-xiu  , Ge Ting-sui  ,   (1)中国科学院金属研究所; (2)中山大学物理系
Published: November 2020

Low frequency internal friction in the process of plastic deformation of Al-Cu and Al-Mg alloys was measured on a small tensile test machine and a series of internal friction jumps was observed on the internal friction-strain curve. A study was made on the effect of temperature of measurement and some metallurgical factors on these internal friction jumps. Experimental results showed that the range of the temperature of measurement within which these internal friction jumps appeared corresponds tc that for the appearance of the serrated stress-strain curves of aluminium-copper alloys. This indicates that these internal friction jumps on the internal friction-strain curves are associated with the process of strain aging occured in the process of plastic deformation, i.e., they are originated from the alternate anchoring of dislocations by atmospheres of solute atoms and their subsequent escaping in the course of plastic deformation.
MORPHOLOGY OF THE COPPER PRECIPITATES IN SILICON SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: BA TU  , HE YI-ZHEN  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

In this article, infra-red microscopy and etching method were used to study the morphology of the copper precipitates in silicon crystals. It was found that a variety of copper precipitates observed by ir microscopy consists of precipitated disks laying in {110} planes and their morphology bears no relation to the properties of the sample.
ANALYTICAL THEORY OF STEADY CO LASER
Authors: GAO ZHI  , SUN WEN-CHAO  ,   中国科学院力学研究所
Published: November 2020

In order to predict the characteristics of CO laser, usually nearly a hundred stiff. differential equations must be solved numerically. Thus it is of interest to make an analytical approach to this subject. Starting from basic governing equations for vibrational-distribution function and radiative intensities, we have deduced the gain-satura. tion relation of a steady CO laser, we consider the general oase in which both homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening exist simultaneously for the radiative transiticn. The effects of multilevel cascade emission is elucidated. For two special cases of twolevel emission and homogeneous broadening limit, the present results are in agreement with the theories presented in references [9] and [4], respectively.
THE DIFFUSION THEORY OF OUTGASSING OF SOME NON-CRYSTAL MATERIALS IN VACUUM
Authors: GAO BEN-HUI  , XUE DA-TONG  ,   中国科学院兰州物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In the early works of Dayton, Schram and Jaeckel, the hypothesis or the model of theory on the outgassing process of material in the Vacuum was given. So far, these conclusions have been accepted as the base for research on outgassing process.But it has already been found that the experimental results of outgassing rates of some non-crystal-line materials (for example, rubber, plastics etc.) are not in agreement with the above mentioned theories. In 1964, we suggested two theoretical models, i.e., "twofold over lapping diffusion" and "non-uniform concentration diffusion". We found that all the abnormal phenomena observed in the experiments can be thoroughly explained by these diffusion mechanisms.We have improved the method of experiment in outgassing rate measurement.
ULTRSONIC INVESTIGATION OF THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF POLYACRYLAMIDE
Authors: Feng Ruo  ,   南京大学声学研究所
Published: November 2020

The shear viscosity of concentrated aqueous solution of polyacrylamide is so high that, according to the classical theory of the aioustic absorption, ultrasonic vibration can not propagate in it at all. However, our experiment with ultrasonic wave of frequency 11.4 MHz finds that it exhibits ultrasonic absorption with the same order of magnitude as water does. This paper gives a qualitative explanation about the great difference between theory and experiment on the ground of molecular structural feature of this kind of solution.The measurements of the ultrasonic absorption of acrylamide aqueous solution with various concentrations have also been carried out. By comparing the experimental results of the two solutions it can be considered that the excessive ultrasonic absorption of the polyacylamide solution comes from the characteristic behavious of the solute macromolecules themselves.The ultrasonic velocity and density of these two solutions are also investigated. From them the concentration curves of compressibilities has been calculated and it is found that some atomic groups in the solute molecules exhibit the same hydrate behavior in the aqueous solution independent of whether they are in polymer or in small molecular substance.
A.C.CONDUCTANCE OF ORGANIC SOLID THIN FILMS
Authors: QIAN REN-YUAN  , JIN XIANG-FENG  , ZHOU SHU-QIN  ,   中国科学院化学研究所
Published: November 2020

The frequency dependence of A.C. conductance of organic solid thin films have been discussed. It is pointed out that the dependence of conductance on the square of frequency is an artifact due to the electrode contact resistance and the capacity of the film. In this paper a method of an added external resistance is proposed to evaluate the electrode contact resistance and thereby the experimentally measured frequency dependences of conductance and capacity of the film could be corrected for the effect of electrode contact resistance. In order to characterize the A.C. conductance of organic solid thin films three parameters are suggested. That is, the D.C. specific conductance σd.c. at extremely low frequencies, the exponent n in the expression σ(f)∝fn for the region of higher frequencies and the value of fx at which the straight line on the lgσ-lgf plot intersects the horizontal line σ=σd.c. For a solution cast film of poly-vinylcarbazole (PVK)-2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (TNF) (1:0.75) charge transfer complex and an evaporated film of copper phthalocyanine (PcCu) the following results were obtained:PVK-TNF(1:0.75):σd.c.=1.9·10-16(Ω·cm)-1,n=0.96,fx=6.1·10-3Hz at 14℃, PcCu: σd.c.=1.6·10-9(Ω·cm)-1,n=1.2,fx=1·105Hz at 17℃.
REDUCTION OF LIGHT SHIFT IN Rb87 FREQUENCY STANDARD USING PULSE SAMPLING OPTICAL DETECTION METHOD
Authors: DONG TAI-QIAN  ,   北京大学
Published: November 2020

Device of pulse optical pumping and pulse sampling optical detection is presentedto reduce the light shift in Rb87 atomic frequency standard. The 0-0 transitionlineshape and light shift is calculated. It is qualitatively, inagreement with the experimen-tal results. With this device, one may expect to improve the long term frequency sta-bility of the passive Rb87 atomic frequeney standard.
AN ATTEMPT AT A FLUID STRUCTURE OF THE ELECTRON IN SPACE WITH FIVE DIMENSIONS
Authors: PENG HUAN-WU  ,   中国科学院理论物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The four-dimensional space-time of special relativity is augmented with a fifth dimension to take into account the gauge transformation of the electromagnetic potentials. And in doing this, a new field is introduced purely from dimensional consideration. It will be shown in this paper that this field plays an especially important role inside the electron. It gives rise naturally to the Poincare stress needed for maintaining dynamical equilibrium within an extensive electron, it also reflects the dielectric constant and permeability of the medium within. It thus appears feasible to adopt a fluid structure for the extensive electron, and stable solution for the motion of the fluid particiea has been obtained in general. The electrodynamics within the electron has also been obtained, and no physical solution with spherical symmetry exists. Axially symmetrical solution probably exists, which will be discussed in a subsequent paper.
A SEMICLASSICAL THEORY OF MODE COUPLING IN DYE LASERS
Authors: PAN SHAO-HUA  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The semiclassical laser theory proposed by Lamb for two-level system is extended to the case of dye lasers. Mode coupling equations are deduced, and a discussion is given.
THERMAL EFFECTS IN ORTHORHOMBIC YAP CRYSTALS
Authors: SHEN HONG-YUAN  ,   中国科学院福建物质结构研究所
Published: November 2020

The thermal effects arising from the lasing process in orthorhombic YAP crystals have been discussed theoretically in this paper. Mathematical expressions have been given for the thermal distribution, stress-strain distribution, birefringence and thermal lens effect of the YAP crystals as well as the isogyre pattern of a YAP rod placed between crossed polarizers. It is shown that calculated results agree qualitatively with the observed thermal effects.
SPIRAL CRYSTALS
Authors: SHI ZHONG-JIAN  , YING CHONG-FU  ,   中国科学院声学研究所
Published: November 2020

The object of this article is to present the experimental facts about the spiral crystals. The spiral crystal is just like a straight crystal bar with definite orientation coiled on a cylindrical surface. It is not formed spontaneously, but is formed under control. Some problems on spiral crystal are discussed.
PHASE REFINEMENT ON THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURES CONTAINING HEAVY ATOMS
Authors: HAN PU-SEN  , FAN HAI-FU  , GU YUAN-XIN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A modified tangent formular taking account of the presence of heavy atoms is given in this paper. It is of the form:The modified tangent formular has the advantage of being able to eliminate the squaring effect. Practical examination shows that it is superior to the conventional tangent formular and can resolve the ambiguity due to the coexistence of both enan-tiomorphs.
THE CHEMISORPTION OF CI ON THE GaAs(110) SURFACE
Authors: ZHANG KAI-MING  , YE LING  ,   复旦大学现代物理研究所
Published: November 2020

There are twe problems involved in the C1 chemisorption on the GaAs (110) surface, one is whether Cl adsorbs on the relaxed surface or on the unrelaxed one, while the other is whether Cl bonded with the surface anion or with the cation. The present work indicates that the Cl atom adsorbs on the relaxed GaAs (110) surface and is bonded with the surface As. The density of states calculated from this configuration seems to agree well with existing experimental results.
NOTE ON THE CONVERGENCE PROPERTIES OF THE Tc SERIES SOLUTION
Authors: WU HANG-SHENG  , GU YI-MING  ,   中国科学技术大学
Published: November 2020

The analysis of the present paper shows that in the case of |zph|c series solution, although does not converge outside the convergence circle determined by the singular point zph, is an asymptotic power series so long as 1/λ is less than [0.63+3μ+(1/Λ1)] 1/Λ1, where 1/Λ1=min(|z|,1);μ+(x)=(1-2μ*x)μ*.
AN ANALYTIC DERIVATION FOR THE McMillan Tc FORMULA (Ⅱ)——CASE OF μ*≠0
Authors: WU HANG-SHENG  , GU YI-MING  , MAO DE-QIANG  ,   中国科学技术大学
Published: November 2020

In the present paper, the theory and the Tc formula which were presented in the previous paper of this series, are extended to the case of μ*≠0. The result obtained by the authors is as follows Tc=(2γ)/πωlog·(ωlog/ωc)(μ*/(λ-μ*))·exp{-(1+λ)/(λ-μ*)}. Inγ =C = 0.5772 is Euler constant.
THE RELATIVISTIC ABERRATION THEORY OF A COMBINED ELECTRIC-MAGNETIC FOCUSING-DEFIECTION SYSTEM
Authors: LI YU  ,   上海机械学院
Published: November 2020

The complex number field is an associative division algebra over the real number field. In this paper we define an inner product in this field, and take this new algebraic system as a tool to study a general combined electric-magnetic focussing-deflection system with superimposed fields The relativistic third-order geometrical aberration formulas for this combined system have been derived.
ELECTRON ENERGY DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT COEFFICIENTS IN ELECTRICALLY EXCITED KrF AND ArF
Authors: CHEN JIAN-WEN  , FU SHU-FEN  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

Electron energy distributions and transport coefficients have been calculated for He-Kr, Ne-Kr, He-Ar and Ne-Ar mixtures by using Boltzmann stability equation. The calculated results are discussed.
AN ANOMALOUS INTERNAL FRICTION PHENOMENON IN Al-0.5wt%Cu ALLOYS WITHIN THE AUDIO FREQUENCY RANGE
Authors: GAO GUO-RU  , WANG XIAO-WEI  ,   (1)中国科学院金属研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The internal friction peaks in Al-0.5wt%Cu alloys were observed near 0℃ and 90℃ respectively under forced bending vibration within the audio frequency range and the amplitude internal friction peaks were observed at 6℃ and 90℃. It may be considered as an anomalous internal friction phenomenon showing both temperature peaks and am-plitude peaks. It is suggested that the peaks may be associated with the motion of disloca-tions dragged by point defects.
ON THE CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE OF A COAXIAL LINE WITH ELLIPTIC OUTER CONDUCTOR AND RECTANGULAR INNER CONDUCTOR
Authors: LIN WEI-GAN  , ZENG LING-RU
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the methods using the graphical approximation and taking the geo-metrical average of the upper and lower bounds to the size of the line are put forward, to calculate the characteristic impedance of a coaxial line with elliptic outer conductor and rectangular inner conductor. The boundary of rectangular inner conductor is con-formally mapped into a closed curve which is nearly a rectangle, and its inscribed con-focal ellipse and outer connected confocal ellipse are conformally mapped into two con-centric circles, the geometrical average of the both is taken as its equivalent value. At the same time, the boundary of elliptic outer conductor is conformally mapped into a concentric circle. So they constitute a standard coaxial line, and the formula for calculating its characteristic impedance is obtained.The calculating formulae of the characteristic impedance of some eoaxial lines (i. e. elliptic outer and microstrip inner conductors, circular outer and square inner conduc-tors, circular outer and rectangular inner conductors) in elementary functional forms are derived, so that the lengthy and complicated integral calculation involving elliptical functions are avoided. The characteristic impedances of some coaxical lines as mention-ed above are given in accurate values for references.
STUDY ON THE M?SSBAUER EFFECT OF γ-Fe2O3 POWDER WITH CoxFe3-xO4-DOPED COATING
Authors: LI SHI  , ZANG PEI-QUN  , JI GUI-QUAN  , LUO HE-LIE  , SUN KE  ,   (1)中国科学院高能物理研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The γ-Fe2O3 powder with CoxFe3-xO4-doped coating was obtained by reaction of the γ-Fe2O3 powder in the solutions containing Co++ and Fe++ ions. It was found that this epitaxial CoxFe3-xO4 coating raised the coercivity of the γ-Fe2O3 from 420 (Oe) to 715 (Oe).The epitaxial CoxFe3-xO4 coating was isvestigated by means of M?ssbauer Effect of 57Fe. The M?ssbauer Spectrum indicates that the surface of γ-Fe2O3 was doped with CoxFe3-xO4 solid solution, and a static magnetic interaction takes place between the γ-Fe2O3 matrix and CoxFe3-xO4 solid solution.
THE PHASE DIAGRAMS OF THE PSEUDO-BINARY SYSTEMS Li2SO4-Li2B2O4 Li2SO4-(NH4)2SO4 AND IONIC CONDUCTION INVESTIGATION
Authors: CHE GUANG-CAN  , CHEN LI-QUAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The pseudo-binary systems Li2SO4-Li2B2O4, Li2SO4-(NH4)2SO4 have been studied by means of DTA and X-ray diffraction techniques. Li2SO4-Li2B2O4 is a eutectic system. The eutectic reaction occures at 720℃ and 75 mol% Li2SO4. In Li2SO4-(NH4)2SO4 system there exists only one compound NH4LiSO4 which has a solid-solid phase transition at 186℃.The ionic conduction in both crystalline, amorphous Li2B2O4 and some samples with different compositions in Li2SO4-(NH4)2SO4 system have been investigated. It was found that below 400℃ the conductivity of amorphous Li2B2O4 is at least more than two orders of magnitude higher than that of crystalline sample and the activation energy of conduction is much smaller. The activation energy of LiNH4SO4 high temperature phase is only 0.12 eV while it's room temperature phase has a value of 0.70 eV. The ionic conductivity of the sample containing Li2SO4 40 mol% (LiNH4SO4 + [NH4]2SO4 two phase mixture) of the high temperature phase is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of pure LiNH4SO4. This suggests that when one kind of ionic crystal is added as a second phase into another ionic crystal, the ionic conductivity ofthe later could be increased remarkbly.
CLOSED-FORM APPROXIMATION FOR THE 3-DIMENSIONAL ISING MODEL (Ⅳ)——THE APPROXIMATE INTERPOLATION FORMULA FOR THE PARTITION FUNCTION
Authors: SHI HE  , HAO BAI-LIN  ,   中国科学院
Published: November 2020

A class of approximate interpolation formula for the partition function of the 3-dimensional Ising model is proposed on the basis of a previous analysis of the 2-dim rigorous solution and 3-dim Q-approximation. In principle, the present knowledge about the location of the singular point and the low- and high-temperature expansion coefficients can be incorporated provided a sufficient amount of computation is carried out. One and the same analytical expression leads to good low- and high-temperature behaviour except for the specific heat singularity.
A METHOD OF SOLVING SIMULTANEOUS EPUATIONS FOR OBTAINING LATTICE CONSTANTS OF LOW-SYMMETRY CRYSTAL SYSTEMS
Authors: GUO CHANG-LIN  , HUANG YUE-HONG  ,   中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所
Published: November 2020

We present here a method of solving the simultaneous equations for obtaining lattice constants of low-symmetry crystal systems (triclinic, monoclinic and orthorhombic systems) by using all available diffraction data. Due to the measuring error, about 10 per cent of the data would show larger diviation. But most of the data are rather accurate and still distribute close to the true value statistically. Therefore, using a certain pro-grammed method for reasonable selection of data the best result of average values of lat-tice constant can be obtained.
ANALYSIS OF METAL-GaAs CONTACT INTERFACES
Authors: XU HONG-DA  , SHAO QUAN-YUAN  , XIAO NAN  ,   (1)中国科学院半导体研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The secondary ion mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, electron probe and scanning electron microscope were employed to analyze qualitatively the metallurgical and corresponding electrical properties of the interfaces between Pt, Mo, Ti, Al and GaAs, which have been subjected to heat treatment at various temperatures. The results are discussed. Based on these results, we are able to suggest the physical characteristics that the metal should possess and the principle for preparing the junction that should be employed in order to obtain a good Schottky junction on GaAs.
X-RAY STEREOSCOPIC IMAGE DISPLAY
Authors: ZHANG SEN  , FENG GUO-LIANG  , WEI ZHANG-FU  , GU GEN-QING  ,   杭州大学
Published: November 2020

This paper describes an X-ray three-dimensional image display apparatus based on the principle of the binocular parallax and the method of optics and electronics. It can transform invisible X-ray image into visible three-dimensional image.The X-ray source used in this work consists of two triode X-ray tubes, and a plumbicon camera with high sensibility and low lag and an image intensifier are used as TV camera system. By means of processing the electronic image, we have succesfully obtained clear and extremely low X-ray dose three-dimensional image.After a brief description of the basic principle, our emphasis is laid on the analytical method of stereoscopic depth of the three-dimensional image and method of processing of how to get a stereoscopic image.The apparatus is very valuable for practical use in research works on physics, biology and medicine.
ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANISM AND SENSITIVITY OF INTRACAVITY SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: PAN SHAO-HUA  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The mechanism of intracavity absorption spectroscopy is described by the semiclassical theory of mode coupling in laser, and an analysis of the factors that determine sensitivity is given.
THE ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION EFFECT IN A STOCHASTIC MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: XIA MENG-FEN  ,   北京大学理论物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper the effects of diffusion in a stochastic magnetic field are discussed. The time-dependent equations for diffusion flux and ambipolar electric field are derived. The results show that the relaxation time is much less than the life-time of particles, so that the quasi-stationary state can be reached. The ambipolar electric field is important and the ambipolar diffusion flux is of the same order of the ion diffusion level.
THE γ-RAY ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT OF ALUMINIUM MEASURED WITH A RESONANT ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER
Authors: WANG KE-BIN  , LI SHI  , TANG XIAO-WEI  ,   中国科学院高能物理研究所
Published: November 2020

We applied a Mossbauer spectrometer to measure 57Fe* 14.4 keY γ-ray's attenuation coefficient of aluminium. The average value of two sets of data is μ = (0.00874±0.00020) cm2mg-1.
DOUBLE DEGENERATE FOUR-WAVE MIXING IN PLASMA
Authors: ZHONG QUAN-DE  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

We analysed double degenerate four-wave mixing (a real time image conversion pro-cess) in uniform plasma. A calculation of necessary pumping energy for the conversion efficiency R=1 shows that process is realizable.
GRADED ALGEBRA SU (l|m|n) AND GAUGE MODEL
Authors: LI XIN-ZHOU  , GU MING-GAO  , YIN PENG-CHENG  ,   复旦大学物理系
Published: November 2020

We have suggested that the extension of SU (m|n) is to SU (l|m|n). We develop a local gauge theory of the graded algebra SU (l|m|n). We find the restrictions on the gauge potentials and matter fields in order that a physically suitable gauge invariant lag-rangian exists. It is natural to extend the graded algebra SU (2|1) electro weak model to include quarks in a superunified model.
GENERAL THEORY OF OPEN RESONATOR WITH ROTATIONAL SYMMETRIC WAVEGUIDES
Authors: ZHOU LE-ZHU  , XU CHENG-HE  , GONG ZHONG-LIN  ,   北京大学无线电电子学系
Published: November 2020

A general theory is developed on the open resonator with rotational symmetric wave-guides which have been used extensively in the electron cyclotron maser (gyrotron). The theoretical analysis is carried unt under the most general conditions, that is the cross-sec-tion radius r(z) is a slowly varying arbitrary function and the resonaor is open. Prperties of the field solutions in the resonator have been discussed, general expressions for the resonant frequencies and Q values have been derived. Calculation results for a concrete resonator are presented.
TIME REVERSAL SYMMETRY AND NON-EQUILIBRIUM STATISTICAL STATIONARY STATES (I)
Authors: ZHOU GUANG-ZHAO  , SU ZHAO-BIN  ,   中国科学院理论物理研究所
Published: November 2020

This is the first part of our work on time reversal symmetry applied to non-equi-librium statistical stationary states from a unified microscopic quantum statistical point of view. In this paper, a formalism for time reversal symmetry is constructed in the framework of the Closed Time Path Green's Functions (CTPGF), which can be applied both to equilibrium and non-equilibrium stationary states. By using the generating functional technique of the CTPGF, symmetry relations for the statistical Green's functions and vertex runctions are derived for systems invariant under time reversal.