bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“CHIKE’S SCHOOL DAYS” AND “DEAD MEN’S PATH” BY CHINUA ACHEBE: A PHENOTEXTUALIZATION OF RELIGIONWISE CULTURE SHOCK AND ACHEBE’S EARLY SCHOOLING
Authors: Cecilia Fetnani
Published: November 2020

Using Edmond Cros’s sociocriticism, the article shows that Chinua Achebe’s “Chike’s School Days” and “Dead Men’s Path” are a phenotextualization of religionwise culture shock and Achebe’s early schooling. First, they encompass the idea that Odinani comes to pieces in a confrontation with Christianity; second, Chike, the protagonist whose Christianized family is at the centre of the cultural and spiritual crisis, is nobody else but Albert Chinualumogu Achebe, “The Ogidi Boy”; third, Achebe’s untimely enthusiasm for Shakespeare’s language is implicit in the civilizing and religious clash. In concrete terms, the Igbo traditional religion is rejected and defeated; belonging to a Christian family made up of six offspring, Chike John Obiajulu is Albert Chinualumogu Achebe’s double christened after the Igbo customary words connected with Christianity; and, as a schoolboy at the schoolhouse of fictionalized Ogidi, Chike/Achebe, who strongly dislikes arithmetic, prematurely shows a passionate interest in stories, songs and in the musicality of English.
An annotation protocol for evaluative stance in discourse
Authors: Hidalgo-Downing Laura , Pérez-Sobrino Paula , Filardo-Lamas Laura , Arévalo Carmen Maíz , Núñez-Perucha Begoña , Sánchez-Moya Alfonso , camus julia williams
Published: November 2020

This paper is part of the work carried out in the funded research project Stance and subjectivity in discourse: towards an integrated model of the analysis of epistemicity, effectivity, evaluation and intersubjectivity from a critical discourse perspective (PGC2018-095798-B-I00).In this paper we propose a protocol for the annotation of evaluative stance across discourse types. We have used the protocol to annotate four 100,000-word corpora in English: opinion articles (The Guardian and The Times), science popularization in the press (The Guardian and The Times), political discourse (speeches delivered by British politicians) and fora on social issues (REDDIT). The development of the protocol has gone through two main stages. The first stage has consisted in a preliminary theoretical definition of the model of evaluative stance and its main categories, drawing from research on stance, evaluation and critical discourse analysis, together with methods for the identification of metaphoricity (du Bois 2007, Martin and White 2005, Pragglejazz 2007, van Leeuwen 2008, Wodak and Meyer 2015, among others). The preliminary model was tested in samples of the corpora and subsequently, the protocol underwent a first initial refinement and revision. The second stage has consisted in a process of establishing a good degree of inter-rater reliability for the full annotation of the corpora. The procedure of inter-rater reliability was carried out by three researchers (Hidalgo-Downing, Pérez-Sobrino, and Williams-Camus) who individually annotated samples from the corpora in four subsequent rounds. A joint discussion followed each round to discuss conflicting annotations and to refine the protocol for the ensuing round. The goal of these series of annotations was to know whether there was any variation in the inter-rater reliability with which evaluative stance was identified across researchers, rounds and genres. The results of the inter-rater reliability tests show a consistent increase in the kappa scores for the value category (positive vs negative evaluation) and, to a lesser extent, for metaphoricity (although, in both cases, kappa scores showed moderate to high agreement). These rounds were complemented with two rounds of annotation of sample texts by the full team (all seven researchers participating in this project) in order to ensure the understanding and uniform application of the criteria of the protocol for the annotation of the whole corpora.
A Critical Study on the Usability of Online Business Registration Improvisation as Congo-brazzaville Re-branding Tool
Authors: Cecilia Fetnani
Published: November 2020

There is growing concern that Congolese business’ inability to compete in a fiercely competitive international economy spells ruin. Thus, the study uses bricolage and information systems (IS) improvisation as a lens to explore the use of online business registration as a means to rebrand government services. Building and achieving brand status is challenging, however; public service organisations and country of any size with a name can become high status brands. The main objective of this study was to determine the role of online business registration in service branding. The overarching research question is (a) how does the DTI Congo-Brazzaville intend to improvise business registration process using e-commerce technology as branding tool? The study is significant in the way that it boosts DTI Congo’s brand image; with potentials to improve the country’s ranking in terms of ease of doing business; and extends previous research by examining the usability of online business registration system as branding tool in developing countries. However, the focal point was creating awareness for DTI Congo to weight current study outcomes, available resource and contemporary e-commerce technologies in order to make informed decision in terms of technology adoption. A survey questionnaire on a sample size of N = 260 from a total of 800 DTI full-time employees was used to elicit information by requiring respondents to answer objective questions. A focus group comprising of five full-time employees selected according to their level of IT awareness and position were invited for discussions to gain a broader understanding of the research problem. It was evident from the data that 74.2% of respondents agreed that an online business registration system adoption can re-brand the organisation for innovative public service delivery.
Factors Influencing Readiness for Transformational E-Government: An Empirical Study on Perspective of Local Governments in South Africa
Authors: Cecilia Fetnani
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the chapter is to explore the readiness of local governments (municipalities) in South Africa to transform to be able to deliver services to its citizens using ICT. The study applied Structuration Theory (ST) and drew on the concepts of duality of structure and action particularly: the enactment of technology-in-practice (ETiP) as a lens to understand and interpret the social construct. The objective was to determine the factors contributing to the readiness of municipalities to adopt ICT to transform the way and manner they deliver essential services to the public. The concept “Transformational e-Government” (TeG) is discussed in this chapter to analyse the determinant factors influencing service delivery. This chapter aimed to analyse the readiness of South African local government when rendering services through information and communication technology (ICT). An interpretive case study methodology where semi-structured interviews were used to collect information. The findings were that out of the 15 participated municipalities only 7% were ready for TeG initiatives, 60% were near ready and 33% have a long way to go to implement TeG initiatives. The results also showed that 5 out of the 8 Metro Cities in South Africa were ready to implement TeG initiatives successfully. The implications of the study were that, the ST is able to provide the lens through which to understand, interpret and determine the factors contributing to the readiness of municipalities to implement TeG to improve service delivery.
Laporan bulanan
Authors: safitri Arfiana
Published: November 2020

Observasi adalah suatu kegiatan yang dilakukan sebelum melaksanakan program kerja dalam suatu wilayah
Effect size, sample size and power of forced swim test assays in mice: Guidelines for investigators to optimize reproducibility
Authors: Smalheiser Neil , Graetz Elena E. , Yu Zhou , Wang Jing
Published: November 2020

A recent flood of publications has documented serious problems in scientific reproducibility, power, and reporting of biomedical articles, yet scientists persist in their usual practices. Why? We examined a popular and important preclinical assay, the Forced Swim Test (FST) in mice used to test putative antidepressants. Whether the mice were assayed in a naïve state vs. in a model of depression or stress, and whether the mice were given test agents vs. known antidepressants regarded as positive controls, the mean effect sizes seen in the experiments were indeed extremely large (1.5 – 2.5 in Cohen’s d units); most of the experiments utilized 7-10 animals per group which did have adequate power to reliably detect effects of this magnitude. We propose that this may at least partially explain why investigators using the FST do not perceive intuitively that their experimental designs fall short -- even though proper prospective design would require ~21-26 animals per group to detect, at a minimum, large effects (0.8 in Cohen’s d units) when the true effect of a test agent is unknown. Our data provide explicit parameters and guidance for investigators seeking to carry out prospective power estimation for the FST. More generally, altering the real-life behavior of scientists in planning their experiments may require developing educational tools that allow them to actively visualize the inter-relationships among effect size, sample size, statistical power, and replicability in a direct and intuitive manner.
Multiple Mini Interview as a Selection Tool for Initial Teacher Education Admissions
Authors: Metsäpelto Riitta-Leena , Utriainen Jukka , Poikkeus Anna-Maija , Muotka Joona , Tolvanen Asko , Warinowski Anu
Published: November 2020

The aim of the present study was to investigate the reliability and utility of the Multiple Mini Interview (MMI) format in initial teacher education selections in Finland. The data was comprised of applicants’ scores in a five-station MMI (n=418), their perceptions of the validity of MMI collected using a web-survey (n=304) as well as the interviewers’ (n = 28) ratings of the utility of the MMI. Intraclass correlations (ICCs) indicated mostly small (under 10%) effects of clustering of applicants to different interviewers and to five-station circuits, but for two stations, ICCs indicated a slightly stronger interviewer effect. In the cross-classified multilevel modelling, percentages of variance in the MMI total score explained by the interviewer or the circuit were found to be low or minimal, whereas the variance component for the MMI stations was somewhat higher indicating varying levels of difficulty between stations. Associations of MMI scores with applicants’ gender or age were minimal. The applicants’ and interviewers’ perceptions of the MMI were mostly positive. Overall, the study provides evidence for the utility of the MMI as a reliable tool for initial teacher education selections.
Environment for Knowledge Acquisition by Agents in Internet Infrastructure Restricted Domains
Authors: Braga Juliao
Published: November 2020

The development environment of this project is Internet Infrastructure, where theso-called routing domains are represented by Autonomous Systems (ASes). Theresearch creates an environment that provides resources and facilities to allowautonomy to agents hosted and distributed by ASes. This environment containsresources for agents to collaborate with each other and with humans using techniquesassociated to a data structure known as blockchain. The environment provides aknowledge base that stores explicit knowledge and mechanisms that infer implicitknowledge. Explicit knowledge is obtained from multi-modal and unstructureddatabases, available outside the local environment and appropriately transformedinto databases called corpus. Such corpus undergoes transformation processes thatinvolve natural language processing techniques, including summarization, and forma set of intermediate databases, prepared to be used in an orderly manner tocapture knowledge to be used to build explicit knowledge into a knowledge base.Another testing environment is proposed, to exercise algorithms that consolidate theproposed ideas. Intermediate bases are constructed and proposed to favor machinelearning algorithms that will add knowledge to the corresponding base. All thecomponents of the proposed environment act together and/or separately to providea mechanism for feedback and preservation of the knowledge acquired, keeping itpersistent and following the paradigm of learning that never ends. The knowledgebase and the machine learning results feed a multi-agent model divided into fourlayers. The text shows that such model was used for the creation and maintenanceof objects of a server very well known on the Internet called IRR, avoiding humanintervention and creating reliability, so far absent in this server. The success ofthe new implementation of the IRR was one of the motivations for the creation,expansion and improvement of an environment suitable for autonomous agents.
Premarital Sexual Behaviours among Secondary School Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study in Kathmandu
Authors: Upreti Yadu Ram , Acharya Devaraj
Published: November 2020

Young people’s sexuality is often stigmatized in South Asian societies, including Nepal, where premarital sex is not accepted socially and culturally. However, the prevalence of early sexual activities among adolescents has increased over time. Given this background, this paper aimed to explore the prevalence of premarital sexual behaviour among the urban high school adolescents. This study utilized a cross-sectional design and collected a total of 609 students of grade 9-12 [ages 10-19] from both community and institutional schools in the Kathmandu metropolis. A validated structured questionnaire was employed and data were analyzed using SPSS with version 24. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to interpret the results. The study showed that the mean age of the respondents was 16 years. More than half of adolescents (52.4%) ever watched pornography, amongst whom eight percent did it on a regular basis. Similarly, 14 percent of in-school adolescents ever experienced premarital vaginal sexual intercourse, where the median age for the sexual debut was 16 years. Male respondents tended to be 13 times more likely to have premarital sex compared to the girls. Respondents who were exposed to pornography materials were likely to be exposed by 5.7 times higher than that who were not. Further, 48 percent respondents who ever had sex did not use condoms during their first sexual intercourse, followed by 45 percent who had multiple sex partners.The study concluded that a notable proportion of adolescents was involved in premarital sexual behaviours followed with vaginal sexual intercourse, especially among the boy students. Hence, the results of this study suggest school-based comprehensive sexuality education to minimize the risky sexual behaviour and promote the safer sexual activities among the secondary level school adolescents.
Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Kohalpur Municipality of Banke District, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Bhagawoti
Published: November 2020

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is abuse that occurs in a close relationship. The main purpose of this study is to determine the forms and risk factors associated with violence as well as the effect of demographic elements on IPV. The population of this study was all the women of the reproductive age group in Ward No. 7 of Kohalpur Municipality Banke district, Nepal. For this study 151 married women aged 15-49 years were selected from Kohalpur municipality by using. convenience sampling method. Data were collected through the interview schedule and attitude scale. The researcher has found that 33.11 percent respondents strongly agreed that they were afraid of their husbands and 53.64 percent respondents strongly agreed that their husbands physical forced to have sex. Likewise, 17.21 percent respondents pointed IPV is due to lack of education and 55.62 percent due to gambling and drinking behaviors of their husbands. Similarly, 6.62 percent respondents pointed out that it is due to fewer dowry system. IPV, a serious problem, has long-lasting effects on individuals, families and society also. So this has to be prevented. To reduce the proportion of IPV, healthy, respectful, understanding and an appropriate environment has to be promoted instead of violent relationships.
Effect of a Pilot Programme by Capability Approach to Prevent Lifestyle-related Diseases in Kaski, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Yoko Oda , Poudel Janak , Acharya Prakash , Kimura Kenji , Kawata Rina , Kanzaki Maki , Okugawa Hiroko , Sakai Hiroko
Published: November 2020

In the rural area of Nepal, lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are emerging in recent days. We piloted a program model (2017-2019) to protect people from lifestyle-related diseases in a remote village of Kaski district where the health facilities are limited. This program was supported by Japan International Corporation Agency. We aimed to initiate a simple model of health monitoring to reduce the risks of lifestyle-related diseases. Health monitoring (blood pressure and body weight measurement) together with peer education regarding lifestyle-related disease was conducted by trained volunteers on regular bases. One-group pre-test–post-test research design was used to measure the impact of the program on the 104 participants with the age ranging 52±8.99 years in female and 57±7.38 years in male, sampled from the 100 households in the target village, Gairegaon. The double burden of underweight and overweight was observed in the programming community. After the program was conducted for one year, the percentage of people who is in the normal body mass index (BMI) range was significantly increased from 68.2% to 75.9% in total. Similarly, the ratio of normal blood pressure rose up significantly from 40.4% to 59.6%. This program results suggested that the community-led capability approach works effectively with locally affordable cost to change the behavior of people to reduce the risk of lifestyle-related diseases.
Ona
Authors: Amiel Irit
Published: November 2020

Wiersz Irit Amiel pt. Ona
„Panowie! Za co nas będziecie wybijać?”. Wołyńskie wspomnienia rodziny Krzyżanowskich w relacji Jerzego Ficowskiego
Authors: Kledzik Emilia
Published: November 2020

The article presents wartime memories of the families Krzyżanowski (after the war: Dębicki), Wajs, and Siwiak that were written down by Jerzy Ficowski in the late 1940s and early1950s, and subsequently reprinted in consecutive versions of his monographs on Polish Romani people (Cyganie polscy. Szkice historyczno-obyczajowe and Cyganie na polskich drogach) and in his memoirs entitled Demony cudzego strachu. Wspominki cygańskie [The Demons of Other People’s Fears. The Gypsy Reminiscences]. The discussed narratives relate to experiences from Volhynia of the years 1942–1945. The article’s aim is to indicate the type and scope of alternations that Ficowski made while editing the memoirs in consecutive publications. A handwritten copy kept in archive is treated by the author of the article as the base version. The differences between the successive versions were divided into four groups: stylizations, fictionalizations, erasures and additions, ethnographical issues. What results from the conclusions of the presented analysis is the memoirs published by Ficowski no longer enjoying its status as a historical source relating to/pertaining to the wartime events in Volhynia. To the contrary, they are a testimony to the selfcensorship mechanisms implemented by Ficowski, who kept in mind the specificity of majoritydominated society members being the primary readership of his books on the Romani people.
Inne spojrzenia na Zagładę w polskiej fantastyce. Paweł Paliński i Cezary Zbierzchowski
Authors: Gołuński Mirosław
Published: November 2020

The author of the article carries out an analysis of texts by two writers who present the Shoah from different perspectives. At the onset he points out two layers of looking at theHolocaust in fantasy writing. The first one results from the said theme filtering through into the genre directly, the second is an intermediary one, namely, through the popular after the Second World War post-apocalyptic narratives where the Shoah is thematised as, for instance, the annihilation of the human race resulting from nuclear conflict or the spread of a deadly virus. The article analyses both mentioned layers using particular examples.

Polaroidy z Zagłady [The Shoah/Annihilation Polaroids] by Paweł Paliński is a tale of an individual Shoah. What constitutes the analytical framework here are the titular pictures, which translate into a genre, nowadays rarely practised, called the literary picture. In the course of reading one recognises the triangle of attitudes: victim – witness – torturer. Even if the said triangle has been criticized by historians, it nonetheless decisively appears in the text owing to its layout.

Requiem dla lalek [Requiem for Dolls] and Holocaust F written by Cezary Zbierzchowski are, respectively, a short-story collection and a novel, set in the fictitious world of Ramm. It is known from the very beginning that the world is doomed to be annihilated, the harbinger of which is God’s departure. In the short stories other signs of extinction are, among other things, euthanasia, the problem of immigration etc. The plains of annihilation recognized in the course of interpretation: metaphysical, social, and personal, compose a part of philosophical reflection on consequences of catastrophes being one of the spheres of the analysis undertaken. What also arrests our attention, and thereby is reflected upon, is the highly intertextual background of Zbierzchowski’s oeuvre. A prominent place is given to the analysis of the novel’s final chapter entitled Heart of Darkness, both referring to the famous novella written by Joseph Conrad and more than sufficiently justified by the text composition itself.

The article’s conclusions both position the texts in relation to other works of Polish fantasy genre and indicate their role as examples of various absorption by popular culture (here fantasy) of the Shoah-related issues.
Ida Fink idzie do szkoły
Authors: Krupa Bartłomiej
Published: November 2020

In the text, the author takes a closer look at Ida Fink’s symbolic “return” to school. The writer, who had to abandon her studies in piano at the Lwów Conservatoire as a result of theThird Reich’s attack on the USSR in 1941, since the end of 1990s has been a frequent presence on Polish school curricula and exams. The essay analyses the very manner in which her works appear within the school canon, student’s books, as well as the Matura examination sheets. What is more, some of the rudimentary biographical mistakes and simplifications are reviewed in the text. Ida Fink’s case analysis also formed a basis for a wider glance at the evolution of the Shoah theme’s presence in Polish school.
Endogamia i zwyczaje małżeńskie na Kaszubach a kwestia tzw. genu kaszubskiego
Authors: Kwaśniewska Anna
Published: November 2020

One of the genetic disorders is LCHAD deficiency. It occurs relatively often in Kashubian population, which is among others attributed to endogamy. Before the second half of the 20th century the Kashubs majorly married within a single parish or a town, village. Also in this day and age, in Kashubia people most of all wed someone living in the neighbouring area. It stems from powerful family and group (ethnic) ties, the traditional family model, low level of education. The Kashubs’ close adherence to family values is best expressed in robust wedding ceremonies along with commonly celebrated Polterabend. This social gathering exhibiting some analogies with potlatch, serves as a kind of status marker for a particular family’s popularity; it confers prestige and indicates position within local community. Despite some anxiety brought about by the promulgation of knowledge about “Kashubian gene,” there is no visible tendency in Kashubian community to change the model of spouse selection.
الكتب الجاوية المطبوعة في مكة المكرمة من أواخر القرن التاسع عشر الى أوائل القرن العشرين الميلادي (Books in Javanese Language Printed in Makkah Almukarromah from the Early 19th Century to the 20th Century AD)
Authors: Sya'ban A Ginanjar
Published: November 2020

ملخصهذا البحث سيسلط الضوء على تاريخ طباعة الكتب الجاوية في مكة المكرمة الذي يشتمل على المطابع التي تقوم بطبع تلك الكتب، وأسماء الكتب الجاوية التي طبعت وانتشرت فيها، والعلماء الجاويين الذين تم طبع مؤلفاتهم في تلك المدينة المقدسة. كانت الحقبة الزمنية لهذا البحث هي أواخر القرن التاسع عشر وبداية القرن العشرين الميلادي، وبالتحديد ما بين سنوات 1885م الى 1909م في أواخر عهد الحكومة العثمانية. المنهج المستعمل في هذا البحث هو التاريخي والببلوجرافي الإقليمي. من العلماء الجاويين الذين تم طبع أعمالهم في مكة هم الشيخ نور الدين الرانيري، والشيخ عبد الرؤوف السنكيلي، والشيخ محمد زين الآشي، والشيخ أرشد البنجري، والشيخ عبد الصمد الفلمباني، الشيخ داود الفطاني، والشيخ نووي البنتني، والشيخ زين الدين الصومباوي، والشيخ أحمد الخطيب المنكباوي، والشيخ أحمد الفطاني، والشيخ محفوظ الترمسي، والشيخ أحمد محترم البانيوماسي، والشيخ مختار البوغوري وغيرهم. AbstractThis article intends to examine the histories of the printing of the "Jawi kitabs” in Mecca and the ulama of Archipelago (Jawi) taught in Mecca and published their works there. The Jawi kitabs printed and spread in the holy city, Mecca, while the ulamas of the Archipelago (Jawi) are from the late 19th century into the early 20th century (1885 to 1909, to be precise). This period coincided with the last period of the Ottoman dynasty's rule over Mecca and other Hijaz regions. The approach used in this study is a historiography and regional bibliography approach. The finding of this research is that among the Nusantara Ulamas who had published their work in Mecca are Syaikh Nuruddin al-Raniri, Syaikh Abdul Rauf Singkel, Syaikh Muhammad Zain Aceh, Syaikh Arsyad Banjar, Syaikh Abdul Shamad Palembang, Syaikh Dawud Pattani, Syaikh Nawawi Banten, Syaikh Zainuddin Sumbawa, Syaikh Ahmad Khatib Minangkabau, Syaikh Ahmad Pattani, Syaikh Mahfuzh Tremas, Syaikh Ahmad Muhtarom Banyumas, Syaikh Mukhtar Bogor.
الجوانب الوطنية عند المفسرين الإندونسيين باللغة الجاوية (Nasionalism Aspects of Indonesian Mufassir with Javanese Language)
Authors: Fahrudin Ali , Hadi Syofyan
Published: November 2020

ملخصقد شاعت الآراء بين الناس قلة الروح القومية لبعض مسلمي إندونيسيا لعدم تقبلهم فكرة ترشح فئات غير مسلمة للزعامة عبر الانتخابات العامة. مع أن هناك عوامل بيئية ودينية تدفع المسلمين لاختيار القادة ولا يتعلق الأمر بالروح الوطنية والتسامح تجاه الأديان الأخرى. تهدف هذه المقالة إلى إثبات أن العلماء الإندونيسين يملكون شعورا قويا نحو الوطن وذلك منذ فترة ما قبل الاستقلال. وهذا ما نجد في بعض مؤلفاتهم لا سيما في كتب التفسير المكتوبة باللغة الجاوية. أما المنهج المستخدم في هذا البحث فهو منهج التفسير الموضوعي حيث يحاول الكاتب توضيح آراء المفسرين المحلييين المكتوبة باللغة الجاوية حول الآيات التي تتناول موضوع "القومية". ونتيجة هذا البحث هي أن العلماء الجاويين لديهم مواقف سامية تجاه الروح القومية. ويتجلى ذلك بوضوح في جوانب عدة منها حب الوطن والتسامح والدفاع عن البلاد. The nationalistic attitude of some Muslims in Indonesia is questioned because they are considered intolerant of non-Muslims, especially non-Muslims who are nominated to be leaders in a Muslim-majority region.  In fact, the tendency to elect a leader is usually motivated by environmental and religious factors, not because of the absence of nationalism and tolerance towards believers of other religions. This article’s purpose is to prove that this nationalism attitude was also owned by Indonesian Islamic scholars in old times, especially local Tafseer (Tafseer is a commentary book of knowledge) scholars in Javanese. This Javanese Tafseer was chosen because it contains native Indonesians wisdom. The method used in this research is a thematic Tafseer method by elaborating on the opinions of Javanese Tafseer scholars on verses related to nationalism. The conclusion of this article reveals that the Javanese Tafseer scholars have very high nationalistic attitudes towards their country. This is reflected in his work which is very prominent in the aspects of love for their homeland, tolerance, and defending the country.
Centrum – Peryferia – Naród. Uwarunkowania w Polsce i w Niemczech w XIX i na początku XX wieku
Authors: Kmak-Pamirska Aleksandra
Published: November 2020

The monograph presents the strategy and the determinants of building national awareness in Poland and Germany concerning peripheries with regard to their perception by outer environments, which, in turn, adopt a new view constructed in central regions by periphery communities. It formulates a hypothesis that the image of peripheries, created in the socio-cultural discourse in central regions, displays national traits, which create a coherent and consistent image of the state, both from the Polish and German perspective.
Correlation between Student Self-Assessment and Proctor Evaluation in a Veterinary Surgical Laboratory
Authors: Schock Sarah , Shaver Stephanie L. , Craigen Breanne , Hofmeister Erik H.
Published: November 2020

Self-assessment has been shown to facilitate learning, goal setting, and professional development. We sought to evaluate whether veterinary students in a surgical curriculum would have self-assessments that differed from proctor evaluations and whether high-performing students would differ from low-performing students in self-assessment characteristics. Student and proctor assessments were compared for 8 weeks of a spay/neuter surgical laboratory taking place in the second year of the curriculum. Eight students were classified as high-performing, and 10 students were classified as low-performing. A quantitative evaluation of the scores and a qualitative assessment of written comments were completed. Proctors assigned higher scores to high-performing students compared to low-performing students, but no difference was observed overall in self-assessment scores assigned by students. When only anesthesia students were evaluated, we found a difference in self-assessment scores for high- versus low-performers, but this was not true for surgery students. Differences between proctor and student assessment scores diminished over time for all students and for anesthesia students, but not for surgery students. High-performing student anesthetists self-assessed and received proctor assessments with higher scores in technical skills. Comments from high-performing students tended to be less reflective and more positive. Low-performing students were more defensive and more likely to use I-statements in their comments. Overall, quantitative analysis did not reveal a difference in self-assessment between high-performers and low-performers; however, specific differences existed in qualitative characteristics, surgery versus anesthesia students, and proctor assessments. The differences in self-assessment between high- and low-performing students suggest areas of further investigation for the use of reflection in education.
A Novel Technique of Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Patient with Microstomia Using Sectional Stock and Modified Custom Tray
Authors: Gupta Nitika , Gupta Nitika , Talwar Harit , Gandhi Nitasha , Sidhu Ivash
Published: November 2020

A patient with microstomia is a challenge for the prosthodontist at every stage of rehabilitation. A
contemporary technique using sectional stock tray loaded with putty material and a rigid sectional custom
tray incorporated with press button assembly for extra oral stabilisation has been described. The above two
techniques were used to impart ease of tray insertion and comfort to the patient during impression making
procedures. Also, a prefabricated easily available hinge was incorporated into the denture bases to facilitate
easy intra-oral placement of the prosthesis.
Investigating the Diagnostic Value of Ultrasound in Determining the Opposite Inguinal Hernia in Children with Unilateral Inguinal Hernia Diagnosis
Authors: Bahar Ashjaei , Bahar Ashjaei , Shakiba Amiri , Fatemeh Najdi , Jadid Merisa Movahedi
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the results of ultrasound and clinical
examination in the diagnosis of inguinal hernia in children and also to evaluate the benefits and
complications of ultrasound in these children.
Study Design: This study, was performed by a cross-sectional method in Children's Medical Center
Hospital during 2013-2014 years and follow up was done until July 2020 with the help of a questionnaire
from 70 children who had been referred due to unilateral inguinal hernia symptoms. All 70 children
underwent Ultrasonographic evaluation and the results of the ultrasound were compared with the initial
clinical examination and then with surgery and follow up.
Results: In 95.7% of cases, uni or bilateral inguinal hernia was correctly diagnosed by ultrasound.
Ultrasound revealed 13.4% of cases were bilateral and 86.6% were unilateral, all of which were confirmed
by surgery. In 17.1% of cases, although they were referred with the chief complaint and clinical examination
of unilateral inguinal hernia, Bilateral diagnosis was made for them during the ultrasound, and during the
surgery, 75% of them were confirmed to have bilateral inguinal hernia.
Conclusion: Ultrasound is effective in diagnosing the opposite side of the hernia in cases with unilateral
hernia.
Dependence of the content of ascorbic acid in apples at the beginning and at the end of storage on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season
Authors: Nikitin A. L. , Makarkina M. A.
Published: November 2020

The degree of fruit maturity varies from year to year, depending on hydrothermal conditions, and therefore it is impossible to focus only on the calendar dates of harvesting due to their seasonal changes. The keeping capacity and quality of apples have variety specificity and depend, among other factors, on the meteorological conditions of the growing season. The analysis of the quantitative content of ascorbic acid (AA) in the fruits of five new columnar scab immune apple varieties – Vostorg, Zvezda Efira, Poezia, Priokskoye and Sozvezdiye at the beginning and at the end of storage in different years (2012, 2014, 2016, 2018) showed the closest dependence of this parameter on the conditions of humidification of the active growing season (hydro-thermal coefficient (HTC)). The dependence of the AA content in fruits on the hydrothermal coefficient was approximated by the second-order parabola equation. Certain regularity was revealed in the content of AA in fruits depending on HTC. The parabolic curve, reflecting the maximum calculated AA content, increases to maximum values at HTC – 0.85-0.90 at the beginning of fruit storage and 0.79-0.89 at the end of storage. Under droughty conditions, the dependence curve decreases. The comparison of the experimental data with calculated data showed that the correlation relations between them had values from 0.61 to 0.88 at the beginning of storage and 0.40-0.99 at the end. The calculated data can be interpolated, and it makes sense to use HTC as one of the predictor parameters of fruit quality during harvesting and potential keeping capacity of fruits.
Psychophysiological aspects in the context of learning activities of cadets and freshmen in the educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russian
Authors: Nimirovskaya Yuzefa K.
Published: November 2020

The article reviews scientists’ attitude towards the concept of “psycho-emotional state”. The article contains the outcome analysis of studying psycho-emotional state of cadets of the training faculty for personnel departments and of the foreign faculty of Saint-Petersburg University of MIA, Russia. The article shows that certain structures of brain are responsible for perception of new information, conservation storage of this information and future usage in different activities. Psychophysiological monitoring of emotional state of cadets is considered as progress criteria in studying. The relationship between Saint-Petersburg University of MIA cadets’ psycho-emotional state and results of their study is represented and explained.
The system of personalized instruction in school education: problems of implementation and adaptation
Authors: Kraynova Polina O. , Obukhov Alexey S.
Published: November 2020

In the context of global trends in the humanization of education, issues of differentiation, individualization and personalization of education are actively discussed. At the same time, the key question remains – how to preserve the individual capabilities, interests and needs of each student while maintaining collective learning formats? How to take into account the personal characteristics and capabilities of each when passing and mastering general education programs? One such solution was the PCBL personalized learning platform developed in the USA. Currently, the Khoroshevskaya school is introducing and adapting this platform to the Russian conditions of education. The article examines the specific case of implementing a system of personalized competency-based education in a separate school – what problems, barriers and difficulties are encountered in its implementation. The study is built in the logic of qualitative research on the basis of high-quality research interviews with the main participants in the educational process in the context of introducing a personalized learning system.
The educational books on the French language in Russia
in the XVIII century
Authors: Kolobkova Anastasia A.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the features of the genesis and development of the first textbooks on the French language in the XVIII century in Russia. The most popular and well-known author’s textbooks are analyzed: V. E. Teplov’s translation work “New French grammar...”, based on the German compilation of the French grammar by P. Resto; A. de Lavy’s “the French ABC book”, which combines the norms and rules of a foreign language and the norms of Christian morality; Ya. Sigezbek’s “Instructing what it is in French for...”, which later became the first Soviet textbook of French; the Academy of Sciences’ “French ABC book”, which combined elements of de Lavy’s academic ABC book and secularizing pragmatism of Sigezbek’s “Instructions...”; “New French dictionary” by P. Bogdanovich for self-taught students, “the Leader” by F. Karzhavin, which became an academic manual for mature linguodidactics. The main trends in the development of the first educational books on the French language in the period under study are summarized; their main problem points and advantages are identified.
Forming the foreign language communicative competence by means of the foreign language in a non-linguistic educational organization
Authors: Vavilova Tatyana E. , Eremina Elena I.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with a topical issue – forming the foreign language communicative competence of students in the process of foreign language learning in a non-linguistic educational organization. Foreign language is an educational discipline that helps students acquire and improve their reading and speaking skills in the language they are studying, as well as form the basis of their communicative competence. In this capacity, a foreign language plays an important role in specialists training of the Internal Affairs bodies, since the foreign language knowledge is a mandatory component of a modern police officer professional competence. The authors focus on the choice of learning strategies, which are based on the development of the ability and real readiness to implement foreign language communication, the ability to achieve mutual understanding with native speakers. Attention is paid to the selection of educational material focused on the foreign language communicative competence formation, an important indicator of which is not only the correctness of speech from the point of view of the language norms, but also from the point of view of the cultural context. The authors come to the conclusion that the main tasks for the foreign language communicative competence formation is to constantly stimulate students’ cognitive activity and to increase their motivation to learn a foreign language.
Socio-psychological and professional adaptation of employees of the internal affairs bodies
Authors: Slobodchikova Julia V. , Pyatkina Olga A.
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the concept of «adaptation», its types, as well as factors affecting the process of successful activity of employees of the Internal Affairs bodies. The issues related to the process of adaptation and the result of adaptation are revealed, as well as the degree of influence of the staff members on the person in the bodies of Internal Affairs.
Significativo Aumento de Onicomicosis por Hongos Filamentosos No Dermatofitos en Red de Salud Privada en Santiago de Chile entre los períodos 2008-2009 y 2016-2017
Authors: Martin-Parada Celeste , Zambrano Mericq María José , Sabatini-Ugarte Natalia , Muñoz-Urbina Sueli , Tabak-Cabrera Vivian , Concha-Rogazy Marcela , Fich-Schilcrot Félix
Published: November 2020

Introducción:La onicomicosis corresponde a una patología prevalente causada por hongos dermatofitos, levaduras y, en menor proporción, hongos filamentosos no dermatofitos (HFND). Se ha reportado un aumento a nivel mundial en la incidencia de onicomicosis por HFND1, sin embargo, en Chile no hay registros de ello.El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la epidemiología local de onicomicosis por HFND en una red privada de Santiago de Chile entre dos períodos de tiempo.Materiales y métodos:Se realizó un estudio transversal de análisis de los registros de laboratorio de la Red de Salud UC-Christus entre los períodos 2008-2009 y 2016-2017. Resultados:Se obtuvieron un total de 9.579 muestras en ambos períodos, 4.985 entre 2008-2009 y 4.594 entre 2016-2017, con 3.442 (36%) cultivos positivos para hongos, 1.831 (36,7%) en el primer período y 1.611 (35%) en el segundo. Del total 40 muestras (1,2%) fueron de HFND, destacando que la prevalencia aumentó significativamente entre ambos períodos: 8 (0,4%) y 32 (2,0%) cultivos, respectivamente (p<0,0001). Del total, las especies de HFND más prevalentes fueron: 23 Fusarium sp (57,5%), 8 Scopulariopsis sp (20%) y 7 Acremonium sp (17,5%).En pacientes con cultivo positivo para HFND, se buscaron asociaciones probables en los antecedentes a través de la ficha clínica, sin encontrar resultados significativos. Conclusiones:Los HFND son la tercera causa de onicomicosis y su prevalencia fue 1,2%. Las especies más frecuentes fueron Fusarium sp, Scopulariopsis sp, Acremonium sp. La prevalencia de HFND aumentó significativamente en un período de 6 años.
Sebaceoma: hallazgos dermatoscópicos a propósito de dos casos
Authors: Vargas-Mora Pablo , Orlandi Diego , Giacaman Paula , Figueroa Andrés
Published: November 2020

Resumen.El sebaceoma es una neoplasia sebácea benigna inusual, que inicialmente se denominaba epitelioma sebáceo, lo que generaba confusión respecto a su biología tumoral, dado que histopatológicamente no presenta diferenciación suficiente como el adenoma sebáceo y tampoco es tan indeferenciado como el carcinoma sebáceo. Su diagnóstico precoz tiene gran relevancia, dado que, junto con el adenoma sebáceo y el carcinoma sebáceo, tienen una asociación directa con el síndrome de Muirr-Torre y por lo tanto con el desarrollo de cáncer de colon, endometrio, entre otros. En este punto, el uso de la dermatoscopia es muy importante.Considerando los pocos reportes en la literatura sobre dermatoscopia en sebaceomas, presentamos dos casos clínicos en adultos, donde se destaca la presencia de estructuras amarillas homogéneas y vasos coronarios o arboriformes.  Abstract.Sebaceoma is an unusual benign sebaceous neoplasm, initially known as sebaceous epithelioma, which generated confusion regarding its tumor biology, given that it is histopathologically less differentiated than sebaceous adenoma, but with a higher differentiation than sebaceous carcinoma. Early diagnosis becomes relevant, given that together with sebaceous adenoma and sebaceous carcinoma, there is a direct association with Muirr-Torre syndrome and therefore the development of colon and endometrial cancer, among others. Because of this, the use of dermatoscopy becomes very important. Given the few reports in the literature on dermatoscopy in sebaceomas, we present two clinical cases, where the presence of homogeneous yellow structures and crown or arboriform vessels stands out.
Que tipo de diálogo promove o bem-estar e o desenvolvimento dos estudantes?
Authors: Dizerbo Anne , Mabilon-Bonfils Béatrice
Published: November 2020

Esta contribuição interroga as condições de bem-estar e de desenvolvimento oferecidas aos alunos pela escola, que se situam para além das dimensões físicas e materiais, vinculadas a essas noções, em suas perspectivas filosóficas de emancipação. Apresenta um dispositivo de pesquisa-intervenção destinado a iniciar um diálogo entre duas turmas de estudantes do ensino médio e pesquisadores, através de um site científico participativo, em torno da questão: “Será a escola um lugar de seleção social?”. Utilizando marcas digitais das trocas entre os diferentes interlocutores, escritos argumen-tativos dos alunos e entrevistas biográficas, trata-se de compreender os efeitos a curto e a longo prazo dos diálogos sobre o bem-estar dos alunos e sobre a elaboração de um ponto de vista singular favorável ao desenvolvimento de um poder agir sobre o percurso de orientação numa perspectiva de realização.
After-Tax Discounting: A Research Edge
Authors: Guo Hongtao
Published: November 2020

This research note addresses after-tax discounting for pricing assets. Specifically, it analyzes the appropriate way to discount after-tax payoffs from assets that trade in capital markets in which both taxable and tax-free investors can buy and sell both taxable and tax-free instruments. The effect of the tax status of the investor and the tax status of the financing tool that an investor uses on price of an asset are discussed. Secondly, it derives the proper after-tax discount rate to use in the risk neutral valuation method for pricing assets that have state-contingent payments, typically structured in a lease based transaction. Dynamic state-contingent payoffs and cash flow processes are developed. Pre-tax discounted price, after-tax discounted payoffs are considered, then after-tax discount rate is derived. Included in this analysis of state-contingent discounting is the effect of depreciation expense, the only expense associated with the use of the asset, on after-tax discount rates