bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK PENERAPAN HUKUM EKONOMI TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto
Published: February 2020

Economic law develops as the background of the rapid growth and development of economic activity in almost all parts of the world . The presence of the main economic law aims to regulate and limit all economic activities for the implementation of economic activity and economic development are not always appropriate and ignore the rights and interests of the wider community . Law of increasing economic development , one example when entering the era of the free market . Objective application of the law in the Indonesian economy is to set the rule of law to be easy in terms of planning related to the economy and pemerataannya for economic policy towards a pro-people . Therefore, it is necessary that every topic of discussion was the economy or technology experts and legal experts are concerned , especially regarding the development of various forms of corporate law in the Indonesian economy to come , which, according to the Working Group for the Economy , Finance and Industry ( Ekuin ) seen as a problem that is still not enough to be touched by the Indonesian Corporate Law . economics that must be addressed in the conceptual , systemic and professional , but also the field of economic law and must be studied in line with the policy direction of the economy.
PRINSIP SMALL CLAIM COURT (SCC) DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL DI INDONESIA (Fokus Kajian HPRINSIP SMALL CLAIM COURT (SCC) DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL DI INDONESIA (Fokus Kajian Hak Merek, Hak Cipta dan Hak Paten)ak Merek, Hak Cipta dan Hak Paten)
Authors: Pajrin Rani
Published: February 2020

Persoalan mengenai Hak Kekayaan Intelektual tidak bisa lepas dari persoalan ekonomi, sebab identik dengan komersialisasi karya intelektual. Sengketa Hak Kekayaan Intelektual di Mahkamah Agung terdapat beberapa perkara yang telah diputus, hak cipta sebanyak 71 perkara, hak merek sebanyak 422 perkara, desain industri sebanyak 50 perkara dan hak paten sebanyak 23 perkara. Masalah dari jurnal ini adalah Pertama, bagaimanakah pengaturan dan penegakan hukum Hak Kekayaan Intelektual di Indonesia. Kedua, apakah dengan adanya PERMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 telah sesuai dengan Prinsip Small Claim Court (SCC) dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Hak Kekayaan Intelektual di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam jurnal ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan : Statute Approach, Conceptual  Approach serta  Comparative Approach. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Penyelesaian sengketa Hak Cipta, Hak Merek dan Hak Paten dapat dilakukan melalui alternatif penyelesaian sengketa, arbitrase ,atau pengadilan. Small Claim Court  didalam pelaksanaanya diatur didalam PERMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Gugatan Sederhana.
Karakteristik Komputasi Penentuan Akar Kuadrat Bilangan Nonkuadrat Sempurna Beberapa Metode Iteratif Menggunakan Pemograman QBasic
Authors: Endaryono Endaryono
Published: February 2020

Penyelesaian beberapa masalah matematika tidak hanya menggunakan metode analitik tetapi juga dengan metode numerik yang prosesnya iteratif. Dalam metode numerik, selain mahasiswa memahami perhitungan tiap iterasi secara manual juga perlu untuk memahami penyelesaian menggunakan coding atau pemograman. Satu diantara program yang mudah diunduh adalah QBasic. Tulisan ini membahas penentuan akar bilangan bulat yang bukan bilangan kuadrat sempurna yaitu akar kuadrat dari 3 menggunakan metode numerik dengan teknik iteratif. Tujuan penulisan adalah melihat karakteristik komputasi dalam jumlah iterasi pada metode Heron, bagi dua,  posisi palsu, dan Newton Raphson. Penelitian melalui simulasi menggunakan pemgroman QBasic. Nilai kesalahan (eror) dalam simulasi pada metode yang dilakukan ditetapkan pada nilai 1x10-10 atau iterasi masih akan  jika nlai kesalahan lebih dari nilai kesalahan yang ditetapkan. Hasil simulasi didapatkan bahwa pada nilai kesalahan tersebut nilai akar kuadrat bilangan 3 berkisar pada 1,73205. Metode Heron dan metode Newton Raphson memiliki jumlah iterasi yang sama, yaitu 6 iterasi, relatif lebih sedikit dibandingkan metode iteratif lain. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah pada penentuan akar kudrat dari bilangan 3 metode Heron dan metode Newton Raphson memberikan kinerja komputasi yang lebih baik dari jumlah iterasi dibanding pada metode bagi dua dan metode posisi palsu.
Fungal pathogens occurring on Orthopterida in Thailand
Authors: Thanakitpipattana D. , Tasanathai K. , Mongkolsamrit S. , Khonsanit A. , Lamlertthon S. , Luangsa-ard J.J.
Published: February 2020

Two new fungal genera and six species occurring on insects in the orders Orthoptera and Phasmatodea (superorder Orthopterida) were discovered that are distributed across three families in the Hypocreales. Sixty-seven sequences generated in this study were used in a multi-locus
phylogenetic study comprising SSU, LSU, TEF, RPB1 and RPB2 together with the nuclear intergenic region (IGR). These new taxa are introduced as Metarhizium gryllidicola, M. phasmatodeae, Neotorrubiella chinghridicola, Ophiocordyceps kobayasii,
O. krachonicola and Petchia siamensis. Petchia siamensis shows resemblance to Cordyceps mantidicola by infecting egg cases (ootheca) of praying mantis (Mantidae) and having obovoid perithecial heads but differs in the size of its perithecia and ascospore shape.
Two new species in the Metarhizium cluster belonging to the M. anisopliae complex are described that differ from known species with respect to phialide size, conidia and host. Neotorrubiella chinghridicola resembles Torrubiella in the absence of a stipe and can
be distinguished by the production of whole ascospores, which are not commonly found in Torrubiella (except in Torrubiella hemipterigena, which produces multiseptate, whole ascospores). Ophiocordyceps krachonicola is pathogenic to mole crickets and shows resemblance to
O. nigrella, O. ravenelii and O. barnesii in having darkly pigmented stromata. Ophiocordyceps kobayasii occurs on small crickets, and is the phylogenetic sister species of taxa in the 'sphecocephala' clade.
RESEARCH ON TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS
Authors: Vaičiūtė Kristina , Bureika Gintautas
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with the problem of transport enterprise technological development and its use as a tool for assurance the transport enterprise competitive and the quality of services. The ever-changing market for transport services poses challenges to meet the needs of users and providers. The growing and very fast processing of transport enterprise information provides an opportunity for new ways of communicating with the enterprise’s suppliers / consumers. The innovativeness of the production processes of the transport enterprise, its productivity and the quality of its production are completely dependent on the information transfer technologies used in the enterprise. Qualitative research identified technological development disruptions in transport companies. It has been defined, that transport enterprise needs to update and improve their technology constantly in order to succeed in the competitive market.
Detection of Irregular, Submillimeter Opaque Structures in the Orion Molecular Clouds: Protostars within 10,000 yr of Formation?
Authors: Karnath N. , Megeath S. T. , Tobin J. J. , Stutz A. , Li Z.-Y. , Sheehan P. , Reynolds N. , Sadavoy S. , Stephens I. W. , Osorio M. , Anglada G. , Díaz-Rodríguez A. K. , Cox E.
Published: February 2020

We report Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and Very Large Array continuum observations that potentially identify the four youngest protostars in the Orion Molecular Clouds taken as part of the Orion VANDAM program. These are distinguished by bright, extended, irregular emission at 0.87 and 8 mm and are optically thick at 0.87 mm. These structures are distinct from the disk or point-like morphologies seen toward the other Orion protostars. The 0.87 mm emission implies temperatures of 41–170 K, requiring internal heating. The bright 8 mm emission implies masses of 0.5–1.2 M
⊙ assuming standard dust opacity models. One source has a Class 0 companion, while another exhibits substructure indicating a companion candidate. Three compact outflows are detected, two of which may be driven by companions, with dynamical times of ∼300 to ∼1400 yr. The slowest outflow may be driven by a first hydrostatic core. These protostars appear to trace an early phase when the centers of collapsing fragments become optically thick to their own radiation and compression raises the gas temperature. This phase is thought to accompany the formation of hydrostatic cores. A key question is whether these structures are evolving on freefall times of ∼100 yr, or whether they are evolving on Kelvin–Helmholtz times of several thousand years. The number of these sources imply a lifetime of ∼6000 yr, in closer agreement with the Kelvin–Helmholtz time. In this case, rotational and/or magnetic support could be slowing the collapse.
Strong Lens Models for 37 Clusters of Galaxies from the SDSS Giant Arcs Survey*
Authors: Sharon Keren , Bayliss Matthew B. , Dahle Håkon , Dunham Samuel J. , Florian Michael K. , Gladders Michael D. , Johnson Traci L. , Mahler Guillaume , Paterno-Mahler Rachel , Rigby Jane R. , Whitaker Katherine E. , Akhshik Mohammad , Koester Benjamin P. , Murray Katherine , Remolina González Juan David , Wuyts Eva
Published: February 2020

We present strong gravitational lensing models for 37 galaxy clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Giant Arcs Survey. We combine data from multi-band Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging, with ground-based imaging and spectroscopy from Magellan, Gemini, Apache Point Observatory, and the Multiple Mirror Telescope, in order to detect and spectroscopically confirm new multiply imaged lensed background sources behind the clusters. We report spectroscopic or photometric redshifts of sources in these fields, including cluster galaxies and background sources. Based on all available lensing evidence, we construct and present strong-lensing mass models for these galaxy clusters. The clusters span a redshift range of 0.176 < z < 0.66 with a median redshift of z = 0.45, and sample a wide range of dynamical masses, 1.5 < M
200 < 35 × 1014

, as estimated from their velocity dispersions. As these clusters were selected as lenses primarily owing to a fortuitous alignment with background galaxies that results in giant arcs, they exhibit a wide range in Einstein radii, 1.″3 < θ
E < 23.″1 for a source at z = 2, with a median θ
E = 10.″8. The reduced HST images and lens model outputs are made available to the scientific community as high-level data products with this publication.
Magnetic Activity of F-, G-, and K-type Stars in the LAMOST–Kepler Field
Authors: Zhang Jinghua , Bi Shaolan , Li Yaguang , Jiang Jie , Li Tanda , He Han , Yu Jie , Khanna Shourya , Ge Zhishuai , Liu Kang , Tian Zhijia , Wu Yaqian , Zhang Xianfei
Published: February 2020

Monitoring chromospheric and photospheric indexes of magnetic activity can provide valuable information, especially the interaction between different parts of the atmosphere and their response to magnetic fields. We extract chromospheric indexes, S and

, for 59,816 stars from LAMOST spectra in the LAMOST–Kepler program, and photospheric index, R
eff, for 5575 stars from Kepler light curves. The log R
eff shows positive correlation with log

. We estimate the power-law indexes between R
eff and

for F-, G-, and K-type stars, respectively. We also confirm the dependence of both chromospheric and photospheric activity on stellar rotation. Ca ii
H and K emissions and photospheric variations generally decrease with increasing rotation periods for stars with rotation periods exceeding a few days. The power-law indexes in exponential decay regimes show different characteristics in the two activity–rotation relations. The updated largest sample including the activity proxies and reported rotation periods provides more information to understand the magnetic activity for cool stars.
Accurate OH Maser Positions from the SPLASH Survey. III. The Final 96 deg2
Authors: Qiao Hai-Hua , Breen Shari L. , Gómez José F. , Dawson J. R. , Walsh Andrew J. , Green James A. , Ellingsen Simon P. , Imai Hiroshi , Shen Zhi-Qiang
Published: February 2020

We present high spatial resolution observations of ground-state OH masers achieved with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). These observations targeted 253 pointing centers containing OH maser candidates at all four ground-state OH transitions identified in the Southern Parkes Large-Area Survey in Hydroxyl (SPLASH) across 96 deg2 of the southern Galactic plane (332° < l < 334° and −2° < b < +2°, 344° < l < 355° and −2° < b < +2°, 358° < l < 4° and +2° < b < +6°, 5° < l < 10° and −2° < b < +2°). We detect maser emission toward 236 fields and suggest that 7 out of 17 nondetections are due to the slightly lower sensitivity of the ATCA observations, combined with some temporal variability. The superior resolution provided by the ATCA data has allowed us to identify 362 OH maser sites in the 236 target fields. Almost half (160 of 362) of these masers have been detected for the first time. Comparison between these 362 maser sites and information presented in the literature allowed us to categorize 238 sites as evolved star sites (66%), 63 as star formation (17%), 8 as supernova remnants, and 53 as unknown maser sites (15%). We present an analysis of the OH masers across the full SPLASH survey range (176 deg2) and find that the detection rate of 1.7 GHz radio continuum sources (18%) is lower than that previously found at 8.2 and 9.2 GHz (38%). We also find that the velocity separations of evolved star sites with symmetric 1612 MHz maser profiles are generally smaller than those with asymmetric profiles.
Kinematic Signatures of Reverberation Mapping of Close Binaries of Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Atlas of Two-dimensional Transfer Functions
Authors: Songsheng Yu-Yang , Xiao Ming , Wang Jian-Min , Ho Luis C.
Published: February 2020

Most large galaxies harbor supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in their centers, and galaxies merge. Consequently, binary SMBHs should be common in galactic nuclei. However, close binaries of SMBH (CB-SMBHs) with subparsec separation cannot be imaged directly using current facilities. Some indirect signatures, such as periodic signals in light curves and double peaks in the emission-line profile, have been used to find CB-SMBH candidates, but ambiguities still exist and no definitive conclusions can be made. We have recently proposed a new method focusing on kinematic signatures that can be derived from reverberation mapping of CB-SMBHs, one that offers a promising avenue to address this important problem. In this paper, we calculated models for a wide range of parameters, but broad-line regions of two BHs are close but still not merged. The purpose of this supplementary paper is to provide an atlas of two-dimensional transfer functions of CB-SMBHs with a wide range of orbital and geometrical parameters to aid more efficient identification of CB-SMBH candidates in reverberation mapping data.
Drymaria veliziae (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from the Andes of Cajamarca (North Peru)
Authors: Montesinos-Tubée Daniel B. , Tovar Carolina , Iberico-Vela Gustavo , Montoya-Quino Juan , Sanchez-Vega Isidoro
Published: February 2020

A new species from the Northern Peruvian Andes (Cajamarca department), Drymaria veliziaesp. nov., is proposed in the present paper. It grows in the high-elevation montane grasslands and it is morphologically similar to D. auriculipetala from which it differs in having elliptic-ovate leaves, blade margin bases glandular, large number of stipules arranged in a pedicel form at the leaf axis and by the short and glandular pedicels. A detailed description, original photographs and a location map are provided, as well as an updated diagnostic key of Drymaria Ser. Frutescens. The IUCN status of the new species is assessed as Endangered (EN).
Four new species of Acalypha L. (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae) from the West Indian Ocean Region
Authors: Montero-Muñoz Iris , Levin Geoffrey A. , Cardiel José M.
Published: February 2020

Four new species of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae) from the Western Indian Ocean Region, based on morphological and molecular evidence, are described, illustrated, and mapped. Acalypha gillespieae sp. nov., A. leandrii sp. nov. and A. nusbaumeri sp. nov. are endemic to Madagascar, and A. mayottensis sp. nov. is known only from Mbouzi islet (Mayotte), in the Comoros Archipelago. We also describe for the first time in Acalypha the presence of membranous or chartaceous perules covering the axillary buds. Preliminary conservation assessments of the new species are also provided.
La décision toujours en question
Authors: Castel Patrick , Chessel Marie-Emmanuelle
Published: February 2020

La décision est un objet qui a été très étudié en sciences sociales, même si elle a paru moins centrale depuis quelque temps. Historiennes et historiens ont aussi travaillé sur la décision, sans pour autant contribuer à ces premiers travaux. Cet article note que les dialogues sont assez faibles entre historiens et autres chercheurs en sciences sociales, alors qu’ils pourraient être fructueux. L’objectif du dossier présenté est de renforcer ce dialogue. Il s’agit aussi de s’interroger sur un paradoxe : la persistance du thème de la « solitude du décideur » sur le terrain, qui contredit les résultats des travaux en sciences sociales. Le dossier vise enfin à discuter des méthodes disponibles pour étudier la décision en histoire et dans les autres sciences sociales (archives et entretiens en particulier).
Dimensions of the Lateral Malleolar Fossa and Its Potential Violation With Lateral Distal Fibular Plate Fixation
Authors: Gandhi Sapan D. , Cross Jeff , Siljander Matthew , Fahs Adam , McQuivey Kade , Fortin Paul T. , Wiater Patrick J.
Published: February 2020

A previously undescribed pitfall of lateral distal fibular locking plates is the risk of violating the lateral malleolar fossa (MF). No previous study has described the dimensions of this fossa. All cases using a lateral distal fibular plate for a fibula fracture from December 2012 to December 2015 (n=365) at a single institution were reviewed. Screws that violated the medial fibular cortical density corresponding to the MF were identified as “at-risk” screws. Available preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were reviewed (n=69) to measure MF dimensions. Of 365 patients, 115 (31.5%) patients had distal fibular screws at risk of MF violation. There were no significant differences between MF violation and non-violation groups in terms of age, sex, open fracture, syndesmotic fixation, and Weber classification. The MF dimensions were measured on CT scans. Mean height was 12.96 mm (SD, 2.09 mm; range, 9.0–17.3 mm). Mean width was 7.52 mm (SD, 1.37 mm; range, 4.2–10.4 mm). Mean depth was 8.32 mm (SD, 1.59 mm; range, 5.3–11.8 mm). Mean ratio of MF to total fibular width was 0.46 mm (SD, 0.07 mm; range, 0.3–0.65 mm). Mean MF to total fibular depth was 0.42 mm (SD, 0.07 mm; range, 0.28–0.58 mm). There was a difference in dimensions of patients with screws at risk of MF violation compared with those without (MF height: 13.77 vs 12.56,
P
=.02; MF width: 7.98 vs 7.30,
P
=.05; MF to fibula width ratio: 0.49 vs 0.44,
P
=.01; MF to fibula depth ratio: 0.43 vs 0.42,
P
=.05). The MF violation is a previously unreported but potentially prevalent pitfall of lateral distal fibular plate fixation. Surgeons should be aware of the MF size and exhibit caution when placing screws in the distal locking holes during fibula fixation. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(3):e141–e146.]
Controversies in Fracture Healing: Early Versus Late Dynamization
Authors: Schultz Blake J. , Koval Kenneth , Salehi Parsa P. , Gardner Michael J. , Cerynik Douglas L.
Published: February 2020

Dynamization of fracture fixation constructs provides early rigidity for primary bone healing and late motion for secondary healing. A review of laboratory, animal, and clinical studies investigating the impact, and optimal timing, of dynamization is limited by lack of standardization across studies. However, in animal models, dynamization improves histologic and biomechanical properties compared with statically rigid or flexible controls. In animals, dynamization at 3 to 4 weeks showed improved histologic results. In clinical studies, it showed faster, stronger, and stiffer bone healing. Clinical success dynamizing external fixators and intramedullary nails suggests a role for late dynamization in other fixation types, such as bridge plating. [Orthopedics. 2020;43(3):e125–e133.]
Juan de Jáuregui, perfil barroco de un poeta-pintor
Authors: Matas Caballero Juan
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo se analiza la figura de Juan de Jáuregui como paradigma del poeta-pintor en una época –el Siglo de Oro– en la que la analogía del ut pictura poesis horaciano se había universalizado. Se ofrece un avance de su labor pictórica y de su poesía de temática artística.
El pincel y la pluma en la Vida de sor Estefanía de la Encarnación
Authors: Bass Laura R. , Tiffany Tanya J.
Published: February 2020

Este artículo examina la importancia de lo visual en la autobiografía espiritual de la pintora-autora Sor Estefanía de la Encarnación (ca. 1597–1665). Exploramos la ambivalencia que manifiesta en su Vida (1631) hacia su talento artístico, que percibe tanto como un don divino que la llevó a Dios como un obstáculo que la alejó de la oración. Asimismo, consideramos el papel, y los límites, de las imágenes sagradas en su práctica devocional. Luego nos enfocamos en el lenguaje plástico que emplea para comunicar sus visiones religiosas –un lenguaje arraigado en la tradición de los Cantar de los cantares y la poesía lírica a lo divino. A lo largo del artículo, prestamos atención a la inspiración que Estefanía toma de los grandes místicos españoles, san Juan de la Cruz y Santa Teresa de Jesús. Como Santa Teresa y otras monjas, escribió su Vida a petición de su confesor, quien seguramente la consideraba digna de beatificación.
El Panegírico al Buen Retiro de José Pellicer de Salas y la tradición de las poesie di villa
Authors: Ponce Cárdenas Jesús
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo analiza algunos elementos destacados de una composición descriptivo-laudatoria impresa en 1635 en honor de la nueva residencia de Felipe IV: el Panegírico al Palacio Real del Buen Retiro, de José Pellicer de Salas. Se realiza el estudio atendiendo a la tradición de las poesie di villa (neolatinas e italianas) e identificando la articulación tópica propia de este género de elogio.
El retrato a lo divino: intención y realces de una forma híbrida
Authors: Vincent-Cassy Cécile
Published: February 2020

En este artículo hacemos una reflexión sobre la propuesta de Emilio Orozco Díaz de ver en las figuras de santas vírgenes y mártires de Zurbarán unos retratos “a lo divino”. Apreciamos si esta expresión ya admitida por todos los estudiosos del Barroco puede aplicarse a las formas diversas de inclusión de un retrato en un cuadro religioso, y en qué medida puede serlo. Importa cuestionar la intencionalidad a la que respondía esta forma de hibridación. Más allá de las prácticas nobiliarias o monárquicas que analizamos, la vera effigies de los santos se impuso desde principios del XVII como una prueba de santidad, y el “retratar” como una forma de acercarse a la Verdad sacra en la pintura. En las décadas 1660 y 1670 las cabezas de santos de Llanos y Valdés jugaron con las expectativas de esta forma de “retrato” para crear bodegones “a lo divino”.
La conquista de la Tierra Nueva: de los espacios de poder al poder del espacio (América Septentrional, siglo XVI)
Authors: Betti Miguel
Published: February 2020

La finalidad del presente trabajo es estudiar la conquista española de la Tierra Nueva en el siglo XVI –los territorios que se extendían al otro lado de la frontera septentrional del virreinato de la Nueva España–, tomando como punto de partida la imagen que los conquistadores europeos se hacían de esta vasta extensión territorial y el relato de sus experiencias. Como veremos a continuación, frente a los espacios de poder (misiones, haciendas y presidios) que consolidaron la frontera norte durante la “Guerra Chichimeca”, el poder de este espacio fue la principal dificultad que los miembros de las diversas expediciones debieron afrontar, influyendo considerablemente en el ritmo y el desenlace de su conquista.
Pour une philosophie politique pratique : analyse de deux principes centraux du Gobierno del Perú de Juan de Matienzo, 1567
Authors: Kermele Nejma
Published: February 2020

Le Gobierno del Perú, rédigé dans les années 1560, par Juan de Matienzo, auditeur de Charcas, est un ouvrage fondamental pour comprendre la situation politique, économique et sociale de la jeune Vice-royauté du Pérou au XVIe siècle. Cet article vise à analyser deux principes centraux de la philosophie politique de Matienzo : la propriété privée et la citoyenneté.
La demostración probatoria en el Inca Garcilaso de la Vega y en Ambrosio de Morales: ¿conocimiento científico o proto-nacionalismo?
Authors: Valcárcel Debouvry Muriel
Published: February 2020

Este artículo examina el pensamiento historiográfico de Ambrosio de Morales y del Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (España, siglo XVI). Algunos especialistas señalaron el sentimiento “nacionalista” y religioso tanto en la escritura de la historia de Morales como en la de Garcilaso. Trataremos aquí de profundizar nuestro conocimiento sobre los vínculos estrechos entre teología política y conocimiento “científico” y de revisar, en consecuencia, la tradicional oposición entre la interpretación teológica de los escolásticos y el método filológico de los humanistas. A partir de un análisis histórico-filosófico de las fuentes, intento ilustrar en qué medida estos eruditos entendían la noción de “conocimiento” y de “verdad histórica”. ¿Cuál era su “fundamento”? ¿El mito, la opinión o un método dialéctico-demostrativo? Analizaremos en particular la noción de “fundamento” en las obras de Morales y del Inca Garcilaso, pero también en los manuscritos de Juan Páez de Castro.
L’éventail dans l’imaginaire espagnol du XVIIe siècle : de Lope de Vega à Vélasquez
Authors: Vázquez Lydia , Ibeas-Altamira Juan Manuel
Published: February 2020

Au XVIIe siècle, l’usage de l’éventail dans toute l’Europe va se généraliser, ainsi que dans l’Europe méditerranéenne, où il deviendra vite un outil indispensable durant les périodes de chaleur. Les plus grands écrivains, les peintres les plus notables de l’Espagne vont s’intéresser rapidement au successeur du modeste chasseur de mouches. Lope de Vega et Vélasquez sont les deux cas emblématiques de cette attention que l’art hispanique a portée à ce prolongement coquet de la main féminine durant le Siglo de Oro. La rencontre entre les deux grands Espagnols est riche et leurs points commun nombreux. Cet article analyse l’importance que donnent tous deux à cet accessoire féminin, et plus particulièrement dans deux comédies de Lope : Las ferias de Madrid (1585-89) et La del abanillo (vers 1615), et deux toiles de Vélazquez : La infanta Margarita (1653-54) et La dama del abanico (vers 1635).
Sobre fecha y lugar de composición de la Historia Roderici. Las enseñanzas del segmento 1-5
Authors: Martin Georges
Published: February 2020

El segmento 1 a 5 de la Historia Roderici, en el que se exponen la genealogía de Ruy Díaz y sus primeros hechos bajo el reinado de Sancho II de Castilla, comparte sus datos con gran parte de la rica tradición historiográfica del siglo XII hispano, en particular con tres obras también dedicadas, en totalidad o en parte, a relatar los hechos del Campeador: el Carmen Campidoctoris, la Chronica naiarensis y el Libro de las generaciones y linajes de los reyes. Esta red de concordancias textuales depara al estudioso una situación muy propicia a sacar enseñanzas crono-genéticas del cotejo de la Historia con obras de datación menos incierta. Estas enseñanzas son las siguientes: La Historia Roderici es posterior a la Chronica naiarensis, que se considera compuesta en la década de los 1180, posiblemente en los años 1188-1189. En cambio, es anterior al Linage de Rodric Diaz, eso es a la versión más antigua del Libro de las generaciones y linajes de los reyes, culminada posiblemente antes del 27 de junio de 1194, o, como más tarde, antes del 15 de agosto de 1209. Nos encontramos pues ante una obra escrita entre 1188 y 1194 (o incluso 1209), eso es ante una crónica tardía y de redacción probablemente muy cercana en el tiempo –y quizá en el espacio– a la del Libro.
Transdisciplinarité et écologisation d’une formation universitaire : une pratique critique à partir du paradigme de la complexité
Authors: Galvani Pascal
Published: February 2020

Cet article expose des perspectives d’écologisation de la formation par la mise en œuvre d’un modèle critique fondé sur l’épistémologie transdisciplinaire de la complexité. Selon ce modèle, l’approche transdisciplinaire écologise les savoirs c’est-à-dire qu’elle les met en dialogue avec ceux de l’environnement en même temps qu’elle introduit l’environnement comme préoccupation majeure des connaissances et des apprentissages. Cette dynamique est illustrée à partir des résultats provisoires d’un programme de recherche-action-formation visant l’expérimentation d’un modèle transdisciplinaire au Centre d’études universitaires Arkos de Puerto Vallarta au Mexique. Les premiers résultats montrent que les mémoires des étudiants de licenciatura en droit, comptabilité, commerce international, communication et administration du tourisme sortent du cadre réduit des problèmes techniques disciplinaires pour aborder des problématiques sociales et environnementales complexes.
Economic Integration of African Economies With China and India
Authors: Prabhakar Akhilesh Chandra , Erokhin Vasilii , Godara Rajender Singh
Published: February 2020

In recent decades, the global economy has been witnessing the emergence of the Global South, which accounted for about 40% of global trade in 2017, up from 24% in 2001. The traditional pattern of trade, generally skewed towards developed economies, has shifted to a growing South-South trade relationship. The rapidly expanding trade and investment relationship within the China-India-Africa triangle attests to this dynamic change. This study reviews China-Africa and India-Africa relations along the lines of trade flows (dynamics, structure, and destinations of exports and imports) and foreign direct investment (stocks accumulated in African countries). The authors emphasize existing problems and challenges in China-Africa and India-Africa trade and investment integration and reveal opportunities for the three sides to collaborate with an aim to spur economic growth.
India-Africa Trade and Investment Cooperation for Economic Development
Authors: Godara Rajender Singh , Aslam Mohamad , Preet Gaibul , Mahapatra Sushanta Kumar
Published: February 2020

India and Africa have a long partnership history of cooperation for economic development by trade and investment. This framework has become an essential component for development in Africa. Africa is an emerging investment and trade destination due to a large consumer market, high potential of economic growth, improving the business environment and investment regulations, and high rates of return on investment. The depth of relation of India and Africa has been reflected in the patterns of trade and investment, as well as people-to-people interactions, cultural exchanges, and cooperation at the continental and at the regional and bilateral levels. This chapter examines investment and trade patterns of India-Africa collaboration in the contemporary era of globalization. The study is based on empirical and conceptual aspects by using secondary data. An analysis uses appropriate econometric tools to make the study more relevant.
India's Trade and Development Strategies With BRCS, EAC, and SCO in the Era of Globalization
Authors: Solanki Sandip , Inumula Krishna Murthy
Published: February 2020

India's trade with the major economic groups BRCS, EAC, and SCO revealed that there exists a long-run equilibrium relation between BRCS and SCO group of countries trade with India's economic growth, whereas EAO group of countries does not show any long-run equilibrium relation. It is concluded that 1% change in imports from BRCS countries causes the economic growth to increase by about 0.84% meaning that in the long run, imports from BRCS countries tend to have a significant impact on economic growth, similarly a 1% change in exports to BRCS countries causes the economic growth to decrease by about 0.53%, meaning that in the long run, exports to BRCS countries tend to have a significant impact on economic growth. Similar to BRCS co-integration model, the SCO group of countries' imports are positively affecting, whereas exports are negatively affecting economic growth. The exported items to SCO countries are negatively affecting the economy meaning that exports are not contributing.
Empirical Analysis of Economic Cooperation
Authors: Dutta Kunal
Published: February 2020

One of the crucial parts of globalization is the upsurge in the volume of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows across economies. Thus, it becomes inevitable for the mutual benefit of the countries among themselves as it promotes economic cooperation between them. Due to the favorable demography and increasing population size, MINT economies (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey) gain particular attention to FDI for GDP growth. Hence, this chapter analyzes the paramount determinants of GDP growth of MINT economies in the period of 2000-2019. To fulfill the purpose of the study, a linear regression model and pooled data analysis statistical technique are employed. GDP is taken as a dependent variable, while some key factors like inflation, unemployment, FDI, and trade openness are taken as independent variables.
Towards Better Understanding of Children's Relationships With Online Games and Advergames
Authors: Ben Yahia Ali , Ben Saad Sihem , Abida Fatma Choura
Published: February 2020

Since the child is at the heart of current managerial and ethical challenges imposed by digitalization, digital marketing to children is henceforth calling for new territories of studies in connection with the phenomenon of “gaming” in particular. This chapter favors an in-depth understanding of the child's relation with this phenomenon through an exploratory qualitative approach. Focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted with children and their parents. Findings suggest that psychological states of users during navigation and playing are the feeling of pride, the state of flow, the experience of telepresence and the feeling of socialization. Given the specificities of this form of communication and the ethical implications, the relationship with the advergame has also been investigated.
Maternal Determinants of Childhood Stunting
Authors: Ishaque Sarin , Ul Mulk Junaid , Ali Muhammad , Shah Ashfaq Ahmad
Published: February 2020

The progress on reducing stunting is rather slow in Pakistan despite significant reductions in poverty which begs a question why Pakistan has been unable to make significant strides in improving nutrition indicators for children over the past few decades. Despite the recognized importance of the problem in national and international forums, research on determinants of child stunting in Pakistan is scarce, especially in the context of the role of mother's health, education, and empowerment in determining a child's nutrition status. Therefore, this chapter incorporates the mother's health, education, and empowerment-related factors in determining the factors that affect child stunting in Pakistan. Using simple OLS methodology on DHS (2012-13) dataset for Pakistan, the authors' results show that improvement in mother's health, women empowerment, and women's education are likely to reduce stunting. Moreover, better hygiene and better food intake also reduce stunting among children in Pakistan.
Strongyloidiasis
Authors: Malik Junaid Ahmad
Published: February 2020

Strongyloidiasis is a human parasitic ailment brought about by a whiplike nematode worm called Strongyloides stercoralis. Most humans get the infection by coming in contact with contaminated soil whereby the tiny worms penetrate the skin and enter the bloodstream from where it passes through the right side of the heart and lungs to mouth, stomach, and small intestines. Replication inside tainted people enables the disease to persevere for quite a long time. Strongyloides can cause a hyperinfection disorder which causes side effects in numerous organ frameworks, including the central nervous system that can prompt death if untreated. The diagnosis is made by blood and stool tests. This chapter is intended to draw a more precise picture of the global prevalence, diagnosis, and risk factors for S. stercoralis. The chapter also discusses the diagnostic approaches for detecting the infection, the morbidity caused and the recommended management. It further discusses some of the reasons why this infection is so neglected and the consequence of this for the estimated global prevalence.
“I'm Your Leader Now, but Do You Trust Me?”
Authors: Leonelli Simona , Masciarelli Francesca , Tognazzo Alessandra
Published: February 2020

Leadership succession is inevitable for most family businesses. To effectively face this challenging transition, next-generation leaders need to have the ability to gain their employees' trust which is typically very challenging due to previous generation' influence on the business. The chapter explores how trust in family leaders can impact succession when a business is passed from one generation to the next. This chapter presents two comparative examples of family business cases operating in the transportation sector in Italy. In the first business, the succession already took place and the next-generation leader is running the firm, while in the other firm, the incumbent generation is still in charge of the company and is not passing the baton. Results show that the incumbent and next-generation leader's perception of their leadership style correspond to non-family employees' perceptions. However, employees' trust in the incumbent is higher than the trust in the successor.
Preference Reversal Under Vulnerability
Authors: Correa-Flores Aurora
Published: February 2020

The behavioral agency theory explains that preferences have not always been stable over time and might change with the framing of the problem. A concept largely used in behavioral economics has been recently adopted in family firms' literature: preference reversal. Preference reversal explains that in the presence of vulnerability, family firms are willing to change their most critical point of reference, socioemotional wealth, and that they are willing to focus on financial wealth. This chapter introduces the concept of preference reversal, explains the application of preference reversal in family firms, and makes an empirical exploration of the presence of preference reversal. The study explores one of the cases of firm vulnerability: a low financial performance by applying neural networks. The study applies to Mexican family firms and finds indications of preference reversal.
Family Business Firms' Branding
Authors: Atristain-Suárez Connie
Published: February 2020

Company decision making tends to center on Millennials, particularly because they represent a significantly large market with many behavioral characteristics and patterns that elude organizational leaders. Family business scholars have not yet delved into this contemporary phenomenon, which is relevant due to shared similarities between millennials and family businesses' values/beliefs. That said, are family business firm (FBF) branding efforts influencing Millennial consumers' behavior? If so, what FBF branding attributes drive Millennial purchase decision-making? This chapter provides insights on FBF branding, with a global presence, and the attributes driving millennials to patronize these firms, and includes quantitative and qualitative analysis and discussion on a conceptual model.
Strategic Orientation of the Managers of a Tunisian Family Group Before and After the Revolution
Authors: Karray Henda Ellouze , Kammoun Souhaila
Published: February 2020

This chapter studies the strategic orientations of a leader of a group of Tunisian family businesses in a context of uncertainty and transition after the revolution in Tunisia. The specific nature of the family business is that it performs significantly better in terms of sustainability, profitability, and growth when compared to non-family businesses, especially since a majority of Tunisian companies are family businesses. In this respect, authors study the strategic orientations that can ensure the sustainability of family companies through cognitive mapping. The analysis of the cognitive map of the general manager of a group of Tunisian family businesses will help us to compare its entrepreneurial orientations adopted before the revolution and its current orientations allowing the long-term growth of family businesses after the revolution. A discussion of the findings, conclusions, and managerial implications, as well as suggestions of areas for future research, are provided.
Energy Harvesting Models and Techniques
Authors: Muzafar Saira
Published: February 2020

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has gain popularity due to their wide range of applications in almost all walks of life including industry controls, environmental monitoring, health, transportation, military, civil infrastructure, science, security and more. Wireless sensor nodes are cheap and tiny in size therefore its deployment is easier. They perform well in harsh environments where human intervention is almost difficult or not possible. However, wireless sensor networks are resource constraints and its power supply has been a big challenge to keep the sensor nodes functional for a longer period. Advancement in low power electronics helped a lot but the use and maintenance of conventional batteries with a limited life span cannot address the power supply problem effectively in a long run. Therefore, harvesting energy from ambient environment is an effective alternative both in terms of power and cost, which can help sensor networks to live longer. This chapter mainly focuses on different possible energy sources available in ambient environment and current technological mechanism to harvest energy for WSNs.
Evolutionary Computing Approaches for Clustering and Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kuila Pratyay , Jana Prasanta K.
Published: February 2020

With proliferation of Computational Intelligence (CI), evolutionary algorithms have drawn enormous attention among researchers. Such algorithms have been studied to solve many optimization problems. Clustering and routing are two well known optimization problems which are well researched in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). These problems are NP-hard. Therefore, many researchers have applied meta-heuristic approaches to develop various evolutionary algorithms to solve them. In this chapter, the authors rigorously study and present various evolutionary algorithms that include Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution, etc. and show how these algorithms are applied to solve clustering and routing problems in WSNs. The chapter starts with an introduction of WSNs along with clustering and routing problems in WSNs accompanied by a discussion why these problems are solved by evolutionary algorithms. The authors then give an overview of various evolutionary approaches that are applied to solve clustering and routing problems. Various evolutionary algorithms are then presented towards the solution of these problems. A comparison table is also made by highlighting strengths and weaknesses of the algorithms. Finally, the authors present new directions of future research in this domain.
Secure Deployment with Optimal Connectivity in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sangwan Anju , Singh Rishipal
Published: February 2020

In the hostile areas, deployment of the sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks is one of the basic issue to be addressed. The node deployment method has great impact on the performance metrics like connectivity, security and resilience. In this paper, a technique based on strong keying mechanism is proposed which will enhance the security of a non-homogeneous network using the random deployment of the nodes. For this, the q-composite key pre-distribution technique is presented with new flavor that will enhance the network size as well as the security level in comparison to the existing techniques. The technique ensures the k-connectivity among the nodes with a redundant method to provide backup for failed nodes. In the simulation section, the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using NS-2 based upon the real model MICAz. A discussion based on various obtained results is also given in the paper.
Low Cost Recursive Localization scheme for High Density Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Bouhdid Badia , Akkari Wafa , Gannouni Sofien
Published: February 2020

While existing localization approaches mainly focus on enhancing the accuracy, particular attention has recently been given to reducing the localization algorithm implementation costs. To obtain a tradeoff between location accuracy and implementation cost, recursive localization approaches are being pursued as a cost-effective alternative to the more expensive localization approaches. In the recursive approach, localization information increases progressively as new nodes compute their positions and become themselves reference nodes. A strategy is then required to control and maintain the distribution of these new reference nodes. The lack of such a strategy leads, especially in high density networks, to wasted energy, important communication overhead and even impacts the localization accuracy. In this paper, the authors propose an efficient recursive localization approach that reduces the energy consumption, the execution time, and the communication overhead, yet it increases the localization accuracy through an adequate distribution of reference nodes within the network.
Novel Energy Aware Algorithm to Design Multilayer Architecture for Dense Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Chilamkurti Naveen , Jabbar Sohail , Minhas Abid Ali
Published: February 2020

Network layer functionalists are of core importance in the communication process and so the routing with energy aware trait is indispensable for improved network performance and increased network lifetime. Designing of protocol at this under discussion layer must consider the aforementioned factors especially for energy aware routing process. In wireless sensor networks there may be hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes communicating with each other and with the base station, which consumes more energy in exchanging data and information with the additive issues of unbalanced load and intolerable faults. Two main types of network architectures for sensed data dissemination from source to destination exist in the literature; Flat network architecture, clustered network architecture. In flat architecture based networks, uniformity can be seen since all the network nodes work in a same mode and generally do not have any distinguished role.