bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Islam dalam Perspektif Antropologi
Authors: Wicaksono Herman
Published: February 2019

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang pendidikan Islam dalam perspektif antropologi. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini sangat perlu diteliti mengingat ilmu antropologi merupakan ilmu tentang manusia terkhusus lagi antropologi budaya yang memandang bahwa manusia merupakan makhluk yang berbudaya. Penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa Islam dan antropologi memiliki pandangan yang sama terkait dengan pendidikan Islam. Kesamaan tersebut diantaranya terlihat pada kesamaan pandangan tentang konsep manusia. Manusia sebagai makhluk yang memiliki potensi atau fitrah sama-sama diakui oleh antropologi dan Islam. Begitu pula dalam aktifitas pendidikan, antara Islam dan antropologi pun memiliki beberapa kesamaan yang subtantif. Pendidikan hendaknya bisa disesuaikan dengan kebudayaan yang ada di sekitar. Hal ini karena selain antropologi menghendaki yang demikian, ternyata Islam juga sangat mengapresiasi mereka yang menghargai budayanya, tentunya budaya-budaya yang tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip ajaran Islam. Pada akhirnya, pandangan antropologi terhadap pendidikan Islam mengarahkan agar setiap aktivitas pendidikan tidak lepas dari aspek budaya yang berlaku baik dari segi pendidik, peserta didik, tujuan pendidikan, metode pendidikan, serta konteks/lingkungan pendidikan. This article aims to explain Islamic education in the perspective of anthropology. The type of research used in this research is library research  with qualitative methods. This research is very necessary to study because anthropology is the study of man especially  cultural anthropology which holds that humans are creatures of culture. This study showed that Islam and anthropology have similar views related to Islamic education. The similarity can be seen from a common view of the human concept. Human beings have the potential or disposition equally recognized by anthropology and Islam. In educational activities, between Islam and anthropology also has some similarities substantive. Education should be adapted to the culture around. This is because in addition to anthropology such desires, it turns out Islam also greatly appreciate those who appreciate culture, of course, cultures that do not contradict the principles of Islam. Finally, the view of anthropology to Islamic education shows that every educational activity cannot be separated from the cultural aspect that applies both in terms of educators, learners, educational objectives, methods of education, as well as the context/environment education.
Efektivitas Penilaian Sertifikasi Guru Kelas MI melalui Kegiatan PLPG Kuota Tambahan Tahun 2013
Authors: No Sutris
Published: February 2019

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan tentang evektivitas penilaian sertifikasi guru kelas MI melalui kegiatan PLPG. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan mengkaji referensi yang bersumber dari perpustakaan. Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan beberapa kesimpulan kesimpulan: pertama, proses dan intstrumen penilaian sertifikasi guru kelas MI melalui PLPG pada guru kelas MI se-kecamatan Mejobo kabupaten Kudus yang telah mengikuti PLPG sudah terlaksanakan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah; kedua, pandangan guru kelas MI se-kecamatan Mejobo kabupaten Kudus yang telah mengikuti PLPG terhadap penilaian sertifikasi guru kelas MI melalui PLPG sudah baik, karena banyak guru yang pada awal datangnya terlihat pasif kemudian menjadi aktif dan kreatif; ketiga, ketercapaian penilaian sertifikasi guru melalui kegiatan PLPG dapat dilihat melalui meningkatnya motivasi para guru dalam mengajar, membangun mental positif para guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran, meningkatkan kompetensi guru, guru terdidik melaksanakan tugas dengan sepenuh hati, dan guru dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran aktif; keempat, kurang efektifnya penilaian sertifikasi guru melalui kegiatan PLPG di LPTK Rayon 232 IAIN terkendala pada sisi teknis waktu pelaksanaan PLPG yang singkat sehingga berimbas pada kedalaman pemahaman guru terhadap materi yang diberikan.This paper aims to describe the effectiveness of assessment of MI (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah: Indonesian State Islamic Primary School)  teacher certification through PLPG activities. This research uses descriptive analytical method to assess references from the library. In this study, as the first conclusion, the processes and the assessment instrument of certification in PLPG LPTK Rayon 232 IAIN Surakarta (additional quota of 2013) for the teachers of District Mejobo, Kudus has properly fulfilled the standard in accordance with the regulations and operational guidelines as directed by the government. Secondly, from the teachers’ point of view, the assessment of MI teachers certification through PLPG is already good because many teachers look passive initially then becomes active and creative at last. Thirdly, the assessment of teacher achievement, to be certified through PLPG activities, basically aims to increase the motivation of teachers in their teaching implementation. Fourthly, the ineffective assessment of teacher certification through PLPG is due to the “short time” (the length of time) allotted for the PLPG which brings about the effect on the deepness of the teachers' understanding on the materials supplied.
O trabalho infantil e a educação de jovens e adultos na perspectiva de adultos trabalhadores
Authors: Mantovani Aline Madia , Carvalho Anderson dos Santos
Published: February 2019

De um ponto de vista histórico, a educação da classe trabalhadora nem sempre foi considerada necessária e, por isso, nem sempre foi defendida nos textos legais. A discussão sobre esse assunto começou a avançar no âmbito legal em razão das mudanças ocorridas no mercado de trabalho, que passou a exigir do trabalhador a qualificação profissional necessária para a execução das mais diversas tarefas. Diante disso, o objetivo com este texto foi discutir sobre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) enquanto política educacional dirigida à população jovem e adulta que pode ter tido a escolarização prejudicada pelo trabalho. É um estudo de cunho quanti-qualitativo, no qual participaram 131 adultos, de ambos os sexos, oriundos de duas instituições de ensino de um município de médio porte do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram obtidos a partir da utilização de um questionário internacional, submetido à análise no software SPSS e nos pressupostos da Análise de Conteúdo. Buscou-se analisar a EJA enquanto modalidade da Educação Básica destinada à população que não teve acesso à escola no tempo certo da infância e adolescência, bem como refletir acerca do trabalho infantil para além de um olhar generalista e universalista sobre o fenômeno. Os resultados apontam que, apesar do avanço legal, estrutural e organizacional, a EJA ainda não se constituiu uma política educacional efetiva para atender a classe trabalhadora e que é possível encontrar situações de trabalho infantil nos mais diversos espaços, tanto pelos aspectos sociais e econômicos que perpetuam as desigualdades quanto pela presença de características culturais e ideológicas que justificam sua existência.
Os desafios para o processo de democratização da escola pública
Authors: Pires Daniela de Oliveira , Peroni Vera Maria Vidal
Published: February 2019

O objetivo com este estudo foi analisar as consequências para a democratização da escola causadas pelo processo de transição política brasileira relativo ao final da Ditadura Civil-Militar (1964-1985) até a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988. Fernandes (2005) afirma que as transições políticas brasileiras se caracterizam por meio dos “pactos pelo alto”, o que acaba por promover a manutenção do controle das elites dirigentes e, no caso específico do contexto ora compreendido, a permanência da influência política das forças militares, após o final do regime de exceção. A metodologia utilizada no desenvolvimento do estudo foi a análise bibliográfica e normativa. Com base no recorte histórico-normativo, foram analisados os primeiros Atos Institucionais, medidas arbitrárias impostas pelo poder executivo e que caracterizaram uma das manifestações de poder e autoridade. São apresentados aspectos referentes ao processo de redemocratização do País, com destaque para a aprovação da Lei de Anistia (Lei n. 6683/79) e sobre o papel das organizações e os fóruns em defesa da democracia e da escola pública, bem como sobre os desafios na efetivação da democratização da escola. Como encaminhamentos finais, considerando que a transição democrática é tida como incompleta e inacabada, acrescido do processo de reconfiguração do papel do Estado, a partir dos anos 1990, por meio do repasse da responsabilidade na promoção do direito à educação para as entidades privadas, com primazia da gestão gerencial, em contraposição à gestão democrática, tem-se, com isso, um afastamento gradativo dos mecanismos de democratização da escola, consagrados pela Carta Política de 1988.
The digestibility of biofloc meal from African catfish culture medium as a feed raw material for Pacific white shrimp
Authors: Ekasari Julie , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Elas Putri , Senja Reza Karunia
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to evaluate the digestibility of biofloc meal collected from catfish culture as a feed raw material for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei diet. A basal feed with 43% crude protein content was used as a control diet and mixed with 2% of binders and 0.5 % of Cr2O3 as a marker for digestibility. The experimental diets were made by mixing 67.5% of the basal diet with 30% of biofloc meal, 2% of binders and 0.5 % of Cr2O3. Nine units of glass tanks (90 cm ×40 cm× 35 cm) filled with 100 L seawater were used as the experimental culture units. White shrimp with an average body weight of 5.61 ± 0.09 g was randomly distributed to each experimental tank at a density of 20 shrimp/tank. The feed was offered at a level of 5% shrimp biomass per day at a frequency of four times a day. The results showed that the dry matter digestibility of feed with 30% biofloc meal in shrimp were similar to that of the reference diet. However, protein and fat digestibility of feed containing biofloc meal were considerably higher than those of the reference diet. Feeding shrimp with 30% biofloc meal diet resulted in higher survival and specific growth rate and lower feed conversion ratio than those of the control. The digestibility of bioflocs dry matter, protein and lipid in Pacific white shrimp obtained in this study were 54.9%, 76.3% and 79.3%, respectively.Keywords: biofloc, digestibility, catfish, shrimp  ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kecernaan tepung bioflok yang diambil dari media pemeliharaan ikan lele sebagai bahan pakan udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei. Pakan yang mengandung kadar protein 43% digunakan sebagai pakan control dan dicampur dengan 2% binder dan 0.5% Cr2O3 sebagai marker untuk kecernaan. Pakan perlakuan dibuat dengan mencampurkan 67.5% pakan control dengan 30% tepung bioflok, 2% binder dan 0.5% Cr2O3. Penelitian menggunakan sembilan unit akuarium (90 cm ×40 cm ×35 cm) yang diisi 100 L air laut. Udang vaname dengan bobot rata-rata 5.61 ± 0.09 g ditebar secara acak pada setiap akuarium perlakuan pada kepadatan 20 ekor/akuarium. Pakan diberikan dengan tingkat pemberian pakan 5% biomassa per hari sebanyak empat kali sehari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kecernaan pakan dengan 30% tepung bioflok tidak berbeda nyata dengan pakan acuan. Namun kecernaan protein dan lemak pakan yang mengandung tepung bioflok terlihat lebih tinggi daripada pakan kontrol. Pemberian pakan dengan tepung bioflok sebanyak 30% juga menghasilkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan spesifik udang dan rasio konversi pakan yang lebih baik daripada udang yang diberi pakan kontrol. Kecernaan bahan, protein dan lemak tepung bioflok pada udang yang didapat dalam penelitian masing-masing adalah 54.9%, 76.3% dan 79.3%.Kata-kata kunci: bioflok, ikan lele, kecernaan, udang
Pangalem Tradisional dalam Masyarakat Etnik Madura di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Hasanah Maulidia , Sofyan Akhmad , Sariono Agus
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Pangalem is one of the oral traditions of Madurese society in the form of proverb. Pangalem is a proverb containing compliments that is uttered by a speaker when sees others’ beauty of body shape, kindness of attitude, and goodness of characteristic. In Madurese society pangalem is described by using metaphors of fruits, animals, foods, dead things, and natural condition. Such metaphors are used because they see similarity of their shape, color, or attitude. Pangalem is not merely utterances without meaning, because when someone is praising other person, actually there is something implied in his or her mind. For example, when he or she sees beautiful lips, in his or her mind he will imagine to kiss the lips when he or she praises it. Such imagination drives him or her to praise someone with something near to taste sense, such as bibirra jherruk saloné 'her lips are like one segment of an orange'. Therefore, this research will explain kinds of pangalem, the forming of pangalem based on society’s point of view, and Madurese society’s degree of understanding toward such pangalem. I use comparative and semiotic method, because the determination of meaning is not only from the text of pangalem, but also from context of situation and culture.

 

Key words: Madurese society, oral tradition, pangalem, and metaphor.
IBSEN’S LITTLE EYOLF: THE GREAT EFFORTS OF A HANDICAP CHILD IN ACHIEVING HIS SELF – ACTUALIZATION NEEDS
Authors: Basuki Imam -
Published: February 2019

Abstract                                                                                  

This article discusses about  Little Eyolf , a drama written by Henrik Ibsen , telling about a handicapped child, named Eyolf, who is hard enough to find his self-actualization because his parents and neighborhoods give him poor affection. To study this phenomenon, the inductive method is applied to analyze  the self-actualization. The study focuses on Eyolf’s self actualization and aims to fid out how Eyolf gets his self actualization in his life. By the unsupportive environment, Eyolf escapes from reality and lives in his world of fantasy to fulfill his own need. The spirit of Eyolf to find his own redemption is closely related to the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Therefore, in this study is applied qualitative research. Eyolf’s dying spirit of self-actualization ends with tragedy. However, in this final scene,  his parents regrets not giving Eyolf the needs for physiological, safety, self esteem, belongingness and love during his childhood. The result of the research proves that to achieve his self-actualization or the basic need of his life, Eyolf needs very much his parents’s care and affection but it is never happened during his childhood time.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Keywords: self-actualization, hierarchy of needs, physiological need, safety need, self esteem need, belongingness and love need
Pemakaian Bahasa Jawa Sebagai Lingua Franca Di Desa Puger Wetan, Kecamatan Puger, Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Setyari Agustina Dewi
Published: February 2019

Puger Wetan Village is a coastal area consisting of ethnic Javanese, Madurese, Mandar, Using, Chinese, and Arabic. The existence of multiethnic makes the connecting language becomes indispensable as a communication medium. Using the ethnographic analysis of communication, this study looked at how people in Puger Wetan Village chose the language of communication or lingua franca. Coastal communities in Puger Wetan Village use Javanese as the liaison language or lingua franca. This is due to the adaptation done by other ethnic groups in ethnic Javanese as the largest ethnic in Puger Wetan Village.

 

Keywords: lingua franca, ethnography of communication, speech acts
PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DI RUMAH SAKIT KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Atikasari Ekalina , Sulistyorini Lilis
Published: February 2019

Vector control is an approach using the basic principles of management and consideration of disease transmission and control. The purpose of vector control is to reduce vector breeding habitats, reduce vector density, inhibit disease transmission, reduce human contact with vectors so that vector-borne disease transmission can be controlled more rationally, effectively and efficiently. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Aedes aegypti mosquito control vector in a hospital in Surabaya. The Control carried out by the Hospital is to eradicate Aedes aegypti mosquitoes by installing Ovitrap, Thermal Fogging, Cold Fogging and Spraying. The type of analysis used is descriptive observational. Data collection was carried out in February of 2017 at K3 unit and Environmental Health of Surabaya Hospital. The data used are hospital pest and rodent control report, secondary data aboutnumber of mosquito, number of larvae and number of Aedes aegypti mosquito eggs obtained from unit of K3 and Environmental Health. The conclusions for the hospital are: (1) always report the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector routine every months; (2) eradicating mosquitoes in difficult places such as patient and dense populated areas; (3) based on Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 374 / MENKES / PER / III / 2010 concerning Vector Control four of the six tools used in the Hospital have been used
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SUHU DENGAN KASUS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI KECAMATAN SAWAHAN SURABAYA
Authors: Fitriana Bella Rosita
Published: February 2019

DHF cases is always occured in East Java each year. In 2014, the number of cases reached 14.534 cases with a mortality rate of 146 people. In 2015 reached 9.609 cases with  mortality rate of 108 people. Meanwhile in 2016, it increasing high that 20.129 cases occured with a mortality rate of 283 people. BMKG stated that there are extremes climate change can be a risk the increasing high of DHF cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of environmental factors and people’s behaviour with DHF cases in Putat Jaya Public Health Center Surabaya. The type of this research was analytic, using case-control study design. The research samples were 112 respondents, which obtained by simple random sampling. The data were collected by using a questionnaire and observation. The statistical test used in this study was chi square. The results showed a correlation between the temperature and DHF cases (p = 0.019); (OR = 0.319). The conclusion of this study is temperature factor correlated with DHF cases. Putat Jaya Health Center need to increase the awareness of the citizens and it also need a cooperation with BMKG to provide the information related to temperature changes. When the mosquito is in their good temperature for breeding, citizen need to be aware, they need to keep the enviroment clean, such us doing 3M Plus
APLIKASI METODE DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING HOLT DAN ARIMA UNTUK MERAMALKAN VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT) ODHA DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Ningtiyas Suci Retno
Published: February 2019

Forecasting can be used to view events or trends in future.  Counseling in VCT is the counseling activities provide by psychological support, information and knowledge on HIV/AIDS, to prevent HIV transmission, promoting responsible behavior changes. This article purposed to knew number of VCT on people living with HIV in East Java province and predicted number people living with HIV which recorded via the VCT in 2018 used best method. The unit of analysis in this research was the number of people living with HIV in East Java, data processed using method of  Holt Double Exponential Smoothing  and ARIMA. The results of forecasting data logging by VCT in people with HIV used method  Holt  Double Exponential Smoothing which alpha=0.710 and gamma=0.039 i.e MAPE=26.06, MAD=24.75 and MSD=1999.59.The alpha parameter value (level) and gamma (trend)retrieved from the way try and error. Meanwhile, ARIMA models qualifies stationerity data, white noise and residual Kolmogorov Smirnov was ARIMA (2, 1, 1) with error MAPE=45.148, MAD=91.75 and MSD=437781.8. Based on the value of MAPE, MAD and MSD that forecasting VCT was suitable to used Double Exponential Smoothing Holt.  Double Exponential Smoothing Holt with α (alpha)=0.710 and γ (gamma)=0.039can produce MAPE=26.06, MAD=24, 75 dan MSD=1999.59 produce forecasting for the year 2018, Ft + m = St + btm F57 value + 6 = S57 + b56, obtained results for the month of January of the year of 2018 244.769. The number of people living with HIV was  recorded through VCT fluctuating but trends to rise over time. The value of forecasting has grown trend. For other researchers, because this research is univariate case, more comprehensive should added with other variables.
APLIKASI METODE ARIMA BOX-JENKINS UNTUK MERAMALKAN KASUS DBD DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Pamungkas Muhammad Bintang
Published: February 2019

The Box-Jenkins forecasting method is one of the time series forecasting methods. This method uses past values as dependent variables and independent variables are ignored. Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) method has advantages that can be used on non-stationary data, can be used on all data patterns including seasonal data patterns so this method can be used to predict cases of DHF in East Java Province. This research was conducted to determine the best model with seasonal ARIMA forecasting model and also to analyze the result of DHF case forecasting in East Java Province. The analysis result shows that the best model for DHF case in East Java Province is ARIMA (1,1,2)(2,1,1)12. The best model has fulfilled the test requirement that is parameter significance test and diagnostics check. Forecasting results show the number of DHF cases in 2017-2018 will experience an upward trend. The total number of DHF cases in 2017 was 14,277 cases and increased to 22,284.54 DHF cases in 2018. The forecasting results showed that the highest peak of DHF cases occurred in January 2017 with 1,914.22 cases and then decrease in the next month until the lowest case occurred in October with 768.46. The forecast for 2018 also shows that the highest DHF cases occurred in January with 3455.55 and declined to the lowest in October with 1126.49 cases. MAPE value in the forecast is 43.51%. The MAPE value indicates that the forecasting is good enough, adequate and feasible to use.
Reduced Grey Matter Volume in Frontal and Temporal Areas in Depression: A Voxel Based Morphometry Study
Authors: Kandilarova Sevdalina , Stoyanov Drozdstoy , Sirakov Nickolay , Maes Michael , Specht Karsten
Published: February 2019

Objective: The aim of the current study was to examine whether and to what extent mood disorders, comprising major depression and bipolar disorder, are accompanied by structural changes in the brain as measured using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Methods: We have performed a VBM study using a 3Т MRI system (GE Discovery 750w) in patients with mood disorders (n=50), namely 39 with major depression and 11 with bipolar disorder, compared to 42 age, sex and education matched healthy controls. Results: Our results show that depression was associated with significant decreases in grey matter (GM) volume restricted to regions located in medial frontal and anterior cingulate cortex on the left side and middle frontal gyrus, medial orbital gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus (triangular and orbital parts), and middle temporal gyrus (extending to the superior temporal gyrus) on the right side. When the patient group was separated into bipolar disorder and major depression the reductions remained significant only for the patients with major depressive disorder. Conclusions: Using VBM the present study was able to replicate decreases in GM volume restricted to frontal and temporal regions in patients with mood disorders mainly major depression, as compared with healthy controls. 
Recent Developments in the Field of the Metal-Insulator Transition in Two Dimensions
Authors: Shashkin Alexander , Kravchenko Sergey
Published: February 2019

We review the latest developments in the field of the metal-insulator transition in strongly-correlated two-dimensional electron systems. Particular attention is given to recent discoveries of a sliding quantum electron solid and interaction-induced spectrum flattening at the Fermi level in high-quality silicon-based structures.
Envelhecimento populacional e gastos com saúde: uma análise das transferências intergeracionais e intrageracionais na saúde suplementar brasileira
Authors: Santos Samara Lauar , Turra Cássio , Noronha Kenya
Published: February 2019

O modelo de precificação de planos de saúde no Brasil prevê a imposição de limites de variação das mensalidades por faixa etária, possibilitando a transferência de recursos dos mais jovens, que têm menor risco de utilização, para aqueles em idades mais avançadas. O aumento da proporção de idosos nas carteiras dos planos de saúde poderá inviabilizar as transferências intergeracionais e a atual estrutura de precificação. O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a magnitude das transferências intergeracionais (entre diferentes grupos de idade) e intrageracionais (em um mesmo grupo de idade) na saúde suplementar brasileira, por meio da análise de dados de uma amostra representativa de operadoras de planos de saúde. Segundo os resultados encontrados, os saldos das transferências intergeracionais foram positivos e ocorrem dos mais jovens para beneficiários de 66 anos ou mais. Os resultados mostram ainda a ocorrência de transferências intrageracionais em duas das faixas etárias definidas pela legislação vigente: 0 a 18 anos e 59 anos ou mais. Finalmente, o exercício de retroprojeção demonstrou que nos últimos 15 anos a sinistralidade nos planos individuais apresentou constante aumento, indicando risco crescente de insuficiência das mensalidades para fins de custeio das despesas no médio prazo, em razão do envelhecimento populacional.
Diferenciais de mortalidade em um hospital filantrópico: a Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Campinas (1876-1885)
Authors: Albino Matheus Alves , Marcondes Renato Leite
Published: February 2019

A partir da documentação das Matrículas de Enfermos e Relatórios dos Provedores da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Campinas, traçamos o perfil dos atendidos e analisamos os diferenciais de mortalidade entre escravos e livres, brasileiros e estrangeiros nos primeiros anos de funcionamento desse hospital filantrópico. Os enfermos eram predominantemente homens em idade ativa, fortemente relacionados com a mão de obra disponível para comportar a expansão agrícola e dos serviços urbanos. Por meio de uma técnica de análise do diferencial de mortalidade baseada na decomposição de Oaxaca-Blinder, concluímos que, apesar de as características de escravos favorecerem um diferencial de mortalidade reduzido e de haver incentivos econômicos em seu tratamento, a mortalidade escrava foi superior possivelmente devido às condições de vida impostas pelo cativeiro. Entre a população livre, brasileiros apresentaram mortalidade superior à de estrangeiros. As hipóteses levantadas foram a procura tardia de auxílio por parte dos nacionais, diferenças na estrutura etária e a forte característica de sub-representação feminina na população estrangeira.
Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membrane Process for Smartwater Production in Carbonate Reservoirs From Deoiled Produced Water and Seawater
Authors: Nair Remya Ravindran , Protasova Evgenia , Bilstad Torleiv , Strand Skule
Published: February 2019

This research focuses on membrane-separation efficiencies by adjusting the ionic composition of deoiled produced water (PW) and evaluates the possibility for smartwater production from PW for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in carbonate reservoirs. Key characteristics of smartwater for carbonate reservoirs are increased concentrations of divalent ions and low concentrations of monovalent ions compared with seawater.

In this research, PW was pretreated with media filters, which resulted in 96 to 98% oil removal. This deoiled PW was used as feed for nanofiltration (NF) membranes. Combinations of NF retentate with seawater as feed and NF permeate from PW were considered. PW NF permeate, mixed with seawater spiked with multivalent ions, sulfate (SO42−), or phosphate (PO43−), is expected to alter the wettability of oil reservoirs.

NF-membrane performance was evaluated in terms of flux and the separation efficiencies of the key scaling ions calcium (Ca) and barium (Ba). The tested membranes removed 60% of Ca2+ and 53% of Ba2+, thereby reducing the scaling tendency. No membrane fouling was observed during the experiments.

NF-treated PW was analyzed for solubility of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The results showed no Ca dissolution, which could affect chalk-reservoir compaction. This research also reflects the use of nonprecipitating PO43− for smartwater production, simultaneously decreasing the Ba concentration and the scaling potential of PW. The results obtained conclude that spiking PO43− below 12 mM showed no indication of chalk dissolution during equilibration tests at room temperature. Experiments performed with 44 mM of PO43− resulted in calcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] precipitation.

A process scheme is proposed for smartwater production by ionic selection from seawater and PW at an operating pressure of 18 bar. Energy-consumption analysis for smartwater production before membrane treatment concluded NF to be economic over other desalination technologies. The power consumed by NF membranes for smartwater production at 18 bar is calculated at 0.88 kW·h/m3, whereas the power consumed is 51.22 and 103.52 kW·h/m3 for reverse osmosis (RO) and multistage flash distillation (MSF), respectively.
A Case of Bilateral Acute Depigmentation of the Iris in One of Two Identical Twins
Authors: Langevin Spencer , Gershkovich Alexandra , Marr Brian P
Published: February 2019

Background: Bilateral Acute Depigmentation of the Iris (BADI) is a condition which was first described in a case series from Turkey by Tugal-Tutkin and Urgancioglu in 2006.1 The condition is characterized by bilateral acute depigmentation and discoloration of the iris stroma, pigment dispersion, and deposition of pigment in the angle. In our case we report one of two identical twin sisters who developed BADI after receiving sarapin injections for chronic migraine, while the other has normal iris architecture and pigmentation and never received any like invasive procedure.
Case Presentation: Patient is a 41 year old female with history of Sarapin injections to her face for chronic migraine who later developed bilateral depigmentation of the iris. She did not have any signs of anterior segment uveitis or iridocyclitis. She has a twin sister who maintained normal iris pigmentation during the entire course.
Discussions and Conclusion: Bilateral Acute depigmentation of the iris is a recently discovered condition described in the literature in Turkish patients1,2. This condition affects mainly young females and is characterized by acute bilateral stromal depigmentation without other pathologic ocular findings. These patients usually maintain normal vision and do not develop significant glaucoma from pigment collecting in the anterior chamber angle. This condition can be mistaken for Fuch’s heterochromic iridocyclitis, pigment dispersion syndrome, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, viral iridocyclitis, VZV, HSV, and CMV. This is the first reported case in North America and is important for differentiation of the above pathologies. Our patient had a history of Sarapin injections to the face but it is unsure if this is associated with our patient’s development of BADI. As awareness of this condition progresses a possible etiology may be elucidated.
Keywords: Iris; depigmentation; Sarapin, iris transillumination.
A mutation in the filamin c gene causes myofibrillar myopathy with lower motor neuron syndrome: a case report
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Wu Jun , Han ChunXi , Li Yao , Guo Yuzu , Tong Xiaoxin
Published: February 2019

Background: Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of muscle disorders. Mutations in the filamin C gene (FLNC) have previously been identified in patients with MFM. The phenotypes of FLNC-related MFM are heterogeneous.
Case presentation: The patient was a 37-year-old male who first experienced weakness in the distal muscles of his hand, which eventually spread to the lower limbs and proximal muscles. Serum creatine kinase levels were moderately elevated. Obvious neuropathic changes in the electromyographic exam and edema changes in lower distal limb magnetic resonance imaging were observed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of abnormal protein aggregates and angular atrophy in some muscle fibers. Ultrastructural analysis showed inordinate myofibrillar structures and dissolved myofilaments. DNA sequencing analysis detected a heterozygous missense mutation (c.7123G>A, p.V2375I) in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 of FLNC.
Conclusions: FLNC mutation c.7123G>A, p.V2375I in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 can be associated with distal myopathy with typical MFM features and lower motor neuron syndrome. Although electromyographic examination of our patient showed obvious neuropathic changes, MFM could not be excluded. Therefore, genetic testing is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis initially erroneously diagnosed as glioma of the cerebellum. Case report and literature review.
Authors: Panagopoulos Dimitrios , Tsonis Ioannis , Apostolopoulou Katerina , Karydakis Ploutarchos , Sfakianos Georgios , Themistocleous Marios
Published: February 2019

Background
Herpes simplex Encephalitis caused by Herpes simplex has an estimated annual prevalence in the order of 1 in 250,000 to 500,000 patients and is considered to be the most usually encountered non endemic pathogenic cause of lethal encephalitis in well developed countries. There are a few cases reported in the literature in which a diagnostic dilemma between was raised between herpes simplex encephalitis and brain glioma, and a definitive diagnosis was difficult to be obtained.
Case presentation
We report the case of a five year old female with previous medical history of premature thelarche. As a part of her investigation, an MRI of the brain was performed, which recognized a space-occupying lesion of the posterior fossa. An MRS was performed which advocated over the diagnosis of glioma. She was operated on but the histopathological analysis failed to verify the imaging findings. HSV 1 was detected in CSF samples. Follow up MRI scans illustrated the progression of the disease
The accumulation of data regarding CSF sample analysis, EEG, brain biopsy and imaging findings, along with the progression of the clinical picture of our patient, verified the diagnosis of HSV encephalitis.
Conclusions
When confronted with confounding data that can pose a diagnostic dilemma between HSV encephalitis and glioma, brain biopsy and PCR of CSF samples could be able to verify the definite diagnosis. When interpreting our results, always we have to consider the evolution of the clinical picture.
Noninvasive and quantitative evaluation of movement disorder disability using an infrared depth sensor
Authors: Tsukagoshi Setsuki , Furuta Minori , Hirayanagi Kimitoshi , Furuta Natsumi , Nakazato Shogo , Fujii Motoaki , Yuminaka Yasushi , Ikeda Yoshio
Published: February 2019

Background: Cerebellar ataxia including spinocerebellar ataxia and Parkinson’s disease are neurodegenerative disorders clinically characterized by motor disabilities including gait disturbance. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of an infrared depth sensor device to quantitatively evaluate gait disturbances and assess its cost effectiveness in patients with movement disorders.
Methods: Twenty five ataxic, twenty five Parkinson’s disease, and twenty five control subjects were enrolled and evaluated their walk over a short distance. Stride length, feet interval, gait rhythm, and a ratio of the actual walking route length to the linear distance between the start and goal points (A/L ratio) were assessed and compared between ataxic or Parkinson’s disease subjects and control subjects. Outcome correlations with clinical scales were also analyzed in the disease groups.
Results: The average stride length was shorter in ataxic subjects or Parkinson’s disease subjects than in control subjects. The average feet interval was larger in ataxic subjects than in control subjects. The stride length coefficient of variation (CV), gait rhythm CV, and average and standard deviations of the A/L ratio were larger in ataxic or Parkinson’s disease subjects than in control subjects. Ataxic subjects exhibited significant positive correlations between the CV of stride length or average feet interval and scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia scores or international cooperative ataxia rating scale scores. Parkinson’s disease subjects exhibited a significant correlation between the average stride length, CV of stride length, or standard deviation of A/L ratio and unified Parkinson's disease rating scale score.
Conclusion: The device used in this study differentiated the characteristics of gait disturbance in each movement disorder and quantitatively evaluated ataxia or Parkinson’s disease severity, indicating its potential clinical utility across applications.
HFLAV $τ$ branching fractions fit and measurements of Vus with $τ$ lepton data
Authors: Lusiani Alberto
Published: February 2019

We report the status of the Heavy Flavour Averaging Group (HFLAV)
averages of the \tauτ
lepton measurements We then update the latest published HFLAV global fit
of the \tauτ
lepton branching fractions (Spring 2017) with recent results by . We use
the fit results to update the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix
element \left|V_{us}\right||Vus|
measurements with the \tauτ
branching fractions. We combine the direct
\tauτ
branching fraction measurements with indirect predictions using kaon
branching fractions measurements to improve the determination of
\left|V_{us}\right||Vus|
using \tauτ
branching fractions. The \left|V_{us}\right||Vus|
determinations based on the inclusive branching fraction of
\tauτ
to strange final states are about 3\sigma3σ
lower than the \left|V_{us}\right||Vus|
determination from the CKM matrix unitarity.
Latest Belle results on Tau decays
Authors: Jin Yifan , Epifanov Denis , Aihara Hiroaki
Published: February 2019

We present preliminary results of a latest measurement at Belle, the
branching fraction of rare tau decay, \tau^- \rightarrow \pi^- \nu_{\tau} \ell^+ \ell^-τ−→π−ντℓ+ℓ−
(\ell = eℓ=e
or \muμ),
using a 562
\rm fb^{-1} data
set. The branching fraction of \tau^- \rightarrow \pi^- e^+ e^- \nu_\tauτ−→π−e+e−ντ
is measured to be \mathbf{ \mathcal{B}(\tau^-\rightarrow \pi^- e^+ e^- \nu_\tau) = (2.11 \pm 0.19 \pm 0.30) \times 10^{-5}}ℬ(𝛕−→𝛑−𝐞+𝐞−𝛎𝛕)=(2.11±0.19±0.30)×10−5,
where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
An upper limit is set on the branching fraction of
\tau^- \rightarrow \pi^- \mu^+ \mu^- \nu_\tauτ−→π−μ+μ−ντ,
\mathbf{\mathcal{B}(\tau^-\rightarrow \pi^- \mu^+ \mu^- \nu_\tau) < 1.06 \times 10^{-5}}ℬ(𝛕−→𝛑−𝛍+𝛍−𝛎𝛕)<1.06×10−5,
at 90% confidence level.
Interaction of social identity, empathy and planned behavior theories to understand domestic product purchasing intention
Authors: Awaluddin Ishak , Hamid Wahyuniati
Published: February 2019

The study intends to find out motivation behind domestic consumers’ decision to buy domestic products by focusing on the role of social identity and empathy. Social identity helps to explain the position of local identity towards local products amidst myriad foreign products, and empathy helps to grasp the role of empathetic feeling towards local products that look inferior under foreign products domination. It does so by integrating theories of social identity, empathy and planned behavior. The novelty of this study lies on exploration of empathy in the relationship between national identity and domestic product purchasing intention, which is so far absent in management literature. Determination of sample size follows the rule of ten multiplications to indicator number. The respondents are consumers in a mall in Kendari. It applies convenient technique for sampling. It applies Smart PLS for data analysis. The results should be that empathy affects domestic purchasing intention and so does national identity on domestic purchasing intention, meaning that empathy partially mediates the effect of national identity on domestic product purchasing intention. Meanwhile, ethnocentrism leads to domestic purchasing intention, while national identity has significant effects on domestic product purchasing intention and ethnocentrism.
Viral and recurrent croup in children
Authors: Ovsyannikov D. Y. , Kuzmenko L. G. , Alekseeva O. V. , Nguyen V. , Topilin O. G. , Kovalenko I. V.
Published: February 2019

The article presents modern information about epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, classification by severity, diagnostics and differential diagnostics, treatment and prognosis of viral and relapsing croup in children. Etiological factors, differential diagnostic features and prognosis of croup recidivism in children are considered. The basic diagnostic criteria of alternative diseases with a stridor are given. Croup therapy is characterized on the basis of the Federal Clinical Recommendations and international consensus documents using the principles of evidence-based medicine.
Acute tonsillitis in a pediatrician’s practice
Authors: Zaitseva S. V. , Zastrozhina A. К. , Kulikova E. V.
Published: February 2019

Acute tonsillopharyngitis (ATP) is a common infectious disease in paediatric practice. Throat pain, as the main symptom of acute tonsillopharyngitis, is the most common cause of seeking outpatient care. ATP is a polyethyological disease and requires a clarification of the etiological factor. Viral tonsillitis is the most common in children’s practice. Among bacterial pathogens, the beta hemolytic streptococcus group A (BHSA Streptococcus pyogenes) is of particular importance. This pathogen is associated with 5 to 15% of cases of acute tonsillopharyngitis in adults and 20- 30% in children [5]. Suspicion of BHSA in ATP requires the mandatory prescription of systemic antibiotic therapy. Currently, there are no reliable criteria for differential diagnosis of viral and bacterial ATP. As a result, the choice of ATP treatment tactics is an important task. On the one hand, this pathology is most often associated with unnecessary and unjustified prescription of systemic antibiotic therapy, and on the other hand, the rejection of antibiotics can contribute to the development of serious complications. Given the high frequency of viral ATP, an important area of pediatric practice is the use of local antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs. Topical drugs can be used both as monotherapy and, if necessary, in combination therapy of ATP. Timely etiological diagnostics and rational therapy of ATP are an important part of the effectiveness of ATP treatment in children and prevention of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms.
The role of antimicrobial peptides in defending the urinary tract against infections
Authors: Zakharova I. N. , Osmanov I. M. , Klimov L. Ya. , Kasyanova A. N. , Kuryaninova V. A. , Lupan I. N.
Published: February 2019

With antibiotic resistance increasing and new microbial resistance factors forming, the problem of creating new methods to treat and prevent the urinary tract infections becomes topical. The latest studies showed that urothelium contains a large number of immune factors providing its protection against the adverse effects of various uropathogens in vivo. There are very promising molecules – antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) – in terms of further therapeutic use among the components of inborn immunity. AMPs are the evolutionarily oldest molecules of innate immunity. The article discusses current data on the presence of various classes of AMPs in the urinary system, demonstrates data on their effectiveness as therapeutic agents against UTI, and describes further prospects for their use in the GP practice.
ARVI antiviral therapy in children in modern clinical practice
Authors: Dondurey E. A. , Obraztsova E. V. , Semiletko Yu. S. , Ovchinnikova N. V. , Golovacheva E. G. , Osidak L. V. , Afanasyeva O. I.
Published: February 2019

In the context of the wide range of products recommended for antiviral therapy, there is still a need for continuous evaluation of their effectiveness and safety in pediatrics. The work describes the experience of non-interventional study of the domestic drug umifenovir in the modern clinical practice. The authors studied 216 case histories of children hospitalized with acute respiratory viral infections at early stages of the disease. Against the background of the drug administration a significant reduction in the duration of all symptoms of the infectious process and the need to prescribe antibiotic therapy to patients, a reduction in the chances of complicated flu and acute respiratory viral infections, as well as a favorable safety spectrum and a high level of compliance during treatment.
Malnutrition in pediatric practice: differential diagnosis and possibilities for nutritional support
Authors: Zakharova I. N. , Dmitrieva Yu. A. , Sugyan N. G. , Simakova M. A.
Published: February 2019

Nutrition is of great importance in maintaining normal growth and development of the child, ensuring the ability to learn and resistance to adverse environmental factors. Due to the higher need for nutrients, limited nutrient reserves, and particular characteristics of metabolic processes, children are more prone to the development of various nutritional disorders, in particular, protein and energy deficiency. The nutritional factor becomes of great importance on the background of the accompanying acute and chronic diseases in children. The studies convincingly demonstrated that malnutrition leads to a prolongation of hospital stay, increased frequency of complications and increased risk of adverse outcomes. Therefore, timely diagnosis of nutritional disorders is an essential factor in maintaining health and improving the children’s quality of life. The article presents the current classification of malnutritiion, illustrates the main stages of the anthropometric examination, identifies approaches to the differential diagnosis of protein-energy deficiency causes, and discusses the possibilities of nutritional support using specialized mixtures.
Diaper dermatitis. The role of a nurse in the care of a baby with diaper dermatitis
Authors: Keshishyan E. S. , Sakharova E. S. , Afanasyeva N. V.
Published: February 2019

This article is a continuation of a series of articles on the role of nurses in the care of children during their first year of life. The article presents the authors’ vision on the creation of a team system (doctor – nurse) of outpatient care and counseling of parents on the causes of diaper dermatitis, methods of prevention and treatment of this pathology, depending on the stage of the process. The algorithm of appointment and choice of external means in treatment of diaper dermatitis is presented, their possibilities and efficiency depending on forms of release a cream or an ointment are defined.
New opportunities for nebulizer therapy in children
Authors: Mizernitsky Yu. L.
Published: February 2019

The article describes the differences and advantages of membrane nebulizers as compared to ultrasonic and compressor nebulizers. It covers the areas of nebulizers use in pediatric pulmonology. It presents data on the new Glenmark mesh nebulizer model – NEBZMART in the Russian market that differs from other nebulizers by high cost effectiveness, efficiency and safety, which was evidenced by both the results of technical tests and practical experience.