bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACL Injury Hidden in the Complex Sensorimotor System
Authors: Kacprzak Bartłomiej , Stańczak Mikołaj
Published: August 2024

ACL injuries present significant challenges in sports medicine, particularly in restoring knee joint function and preventing further complications like subsequent injuries or post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Traditional rehabilitation techniques, which often rely on pre-planned exercises and standardized assessments, may not adequately prepare athletes for the unpredictable nature of sports. This paper argues for a comprehensive approach that recognizes ACL injuries as failures of complex nonlinear systems rather than merely biomechanical deficiencies. The complexity of ACL injuries involves a dynamic interplay of individual skills, team dynamics, and external conditions. Traditional rehabilitation approaches that focus solely on biomechanical factors overlook the critical role of interpersonal dynamics and sensorimotor control. The brain’s integration of sensory information to form a comprehensive environmental representation is vital for motor actions. Disruptions in this sensorimotor feedback loop can impair motor control, increasing the risk of ACL injuries. Effective rehabilitation should enhance sensory integration and feedback mechanisms, improving motor control and reducing re-injury risk. Addressing proprioceptive deficits and arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is crucial for successful rehabilitation. Neurocognitive training, focusing on enhancing decision-making and motor responses, is essential for sports performance and injury prevention. Techniques like neurofeedback training can optimize brain activity patterns, leading to better motor responses and adaptation to dynamic environments. Psychological factors such as motivation, anxiety, and fear significantly influence recovery. Integrating psychological support into rehabilitation programs can address these factors, leading to more comprehensive and effective recovery strategies. Innovative rehabilitation approaches, including EMG biofeedback, motor imagery, and virtual reality-based training, can enhance reactive motor planning and adaptability, preparing athletes for the demands of their sport. The future of ACL rehabilitation lies in embracing the complexity of the sensorimotor system and developing multidisciplinary interventions that promote beneficial neuroplasticity. Advances in neuroscience and technology, such as artificial intelligence, can lead to more personalized and effective rehabilitation programs. Recognizing and addressing the multifaceted nature of ACL injuries can significantly improve rehabilitation outcomes, ensuring athletes can safely and effectively return to their sports.
Modelling and Analysis of BESS Operations in Electricity Markets: Prediction and Strategies for Day-Ahead and Continuous Intra-Day Markets
Authors: Andreotti Diego , Spiller Matteo , Scrocca Andrea , Bovera Filippo , Rancilio Giuliano
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the global energy sector has seen significant transformation, particularly in Europe, with a notable increase in intermittent renewable energy integration. Italy and the European Union (EU) have been among the leaders in this transition, with renewables playing a substantial role in electricity generation as of mid-2020s. The adoption of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) has become crucial for enhancing grid efficiency, sustainability, and reliability by addressing the intermittent renewable sources. This paper investigates the feasibility and economic viability of batteries into wholesale electricity markets as per EU regulation, focusing on the dynamics of very different markets, namely the Day-Ahead Market (DAM) based on system marginal price and the Cross-Border Intra-day Market (XBID) based on continuous trading. A novel model is proposed to enhance BESS operations, leveraging price arbitrage strategies based on zonal price predictions, levelized cost of storage (LCOS), and uncertain bid acceptance in continuous trading. Machine learning and deep learning techniques are applied for price forecasting and bid acceptance prediction, respectively. The study finds that data-driven techniques outperform reference models in price forecasting and bid acceptance prediction (+7-14% accuracy). Regarding market dynamics, the study reveals a higher competitiveness of the continuous market compared to the DAM, particularly with increased risk factor in bids leading to higher profits. This research provides insights into compatibility between continuous markets and BESS, showing substantial improvements in economic profitability and the correlation between risk and profits in the bidding strategy (+9 M€ yearly revenues are obtained with a strategic behavior that reduces by 60% awarded energy).
Streamlining Acute Stroke Processes and Data Collection: A Narrative Review
Authors: Forward Adam , Sahli Aymane , Kamal Noreen
Published: August 2024

Background: Acute ischemic stroke treatment has been thoroughly studied to identify strategies to reduce treatment times. However, many centers still do not meet the benchmark time metrics. Additionally, smaller centers often face longer treatment times, yet studies focus primarily on larger, more advanced centers.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze existing literature to understand the strategies implemented in primary and comprehensive stroke centers to reduce their treatment times, and categorize the studies based on methods used to improve their processes
Results: Three main categories of improvements were identified in the literature: 1) standardization of processes, 2) resource management, and 3) data collection. Both primary and comprehensive stroke centers were able to reduce treatment times through standardization of processes. However, challenges such as variations in resources between hospitals and difficulties in integrating data collection software into workflow were highlighted. Additionally, many strategies to optimize resource management and data collection were conducted in comprehensive stroke centers, which can benefit primary stroke centers.
Conclusions: Many existing strategies to improve treatment times are viable for both primary and comprehensive stroke centers. However, while data collection is recognized as crucial for process improvement, challenges persist in integrating data collection methods into clinical workflow. Proposed solutions include the development of easy-to-use software tailored to clinician needs.
Hemodynamic Changes in Supra Aortic Trunks after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation at Duplex Ultrasound Examination
Authors: Pasqua Rocco , Luzi Giampaolo , Paternoster Gianluca , Menna Danilo , Orlando Elena , Fioretti Vincenzo , Nardi Priscilla , Illuminati Giulio , D’andrea Vito , Stabile Eugenio , Esposito Andrea
Published: August 2024

The hemodynamic consequences of the aortic stenosis (AS) on supraortic trunks may have a po-tential role in the diagnosis of concomitant internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis by dampening blood flow velocity. To investigate the effect of AS on ICA blood flow we evaluated carotid and vertebral blood flow velocity indexes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implanta-tion (TAVI).

Eighty-five patients admitted for endovascular treatment of a severe AS underwent supra-aortic Duplex ultrasound (DUS) examination prior and after TAVI to be enrolled in the study. Patients with other cardiac impairments that could configure a confounding factor were excluded. Pa-tients with symptomatic or severe ICA stenosis defined according to NASCET criteria were ex-cluded.

Forty-five patients of a median age of 80 years met the study inclusion criteria. The peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the assessed supraortic arteries increased after TAVI: respectively common ca-rotid artery (CCA) 64 ± 17 cm/s vs 78 ± 23 cm/s, p= 0,01; ICA 68 ± 23 cm/s vs 96 ± 35 cm/s, p= 0,01; vertebral artery (VA) 45 ± 14 cm/s vs 52 ± 15 cm/s, p=0,03. Similarly, the end diastolic velocity (EDV) increased after TAVI: respectively CCA 13 ± 6 cm/s vs 15 ± 7 cm/s, p=ns; ICA 20 ± 9 cm/s vs 24 ± 9 cm/s, p= 0,01; VA 9 ± 4 cm/s vs 11 ± 4 cm/s, p=0,01. Consistently, the mean acceleration time (AC) decreased after TAVI: respectively CCA 0,17 ± 0,05 s vs 0,12 ± 0,05 s, p= 0.01; ICA 0,1 8 ± 0,05 s vs 0,12 ± 0,04 s, p= 0,01; VA 0,16 ± 0,05 s vs 0,11 ± 0,05 s, p=0,02.

Severe AS significantly affects supra-aortic arteries blood flow as assessed by duplex, by de-creasing both PSV and EDV and increasing AC. This study suggests that carotid ultrasound cri-teria to assess ICA stenosis severity should be re-evaluated in larger multicenter studies to vali-date their predictive values in patients with concomitant AS.
Environmental Sustainability in Hotels: A Review of the Relevance and Contributions of Assessment Tools and Techniques
Authors: Makoondlall-Chadee Toshima , Bokhoree Chandradeo
Published: August 2024

The hospitality industry is a major segment of Tourism which is in turn a main economic contributor for instance for Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Sustainable tourism practices are promoted worldwide by international organizations like the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) to assist different countries. Varied frameworks such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) and environmental indices and management systems such as ISO 14001 are common assessment tools for environmental sustainability. This research reviews the relevance of incorporating environmental and socio-economic factors within hotel operations which may lead to improved transparency, and operational effectiveness while guaranteeing adherence to sustainability within the hotel business. Accordingly, a comprehensive review of environmental sustainability assessment in hotels was carried out. A comprehensive analysis of research articles published between January 2000 and January 2023 by reputed databases ranging from Google Scholar, Scopus, and others, were used to conduct the literature review. A total of 38 papers were examined adhering to the PRISMA standards and it is worth noting that a significant increase in interest emerged from 2018, especially in Europe and Asia. The review reiterated the relevance and need to use relevant assessment methods and tools that aid in implementing sustainable development strategies to promote tourism-dependent economies, particularly in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). It additionally provides valuable knowledge for future directions, whilst improving research methods and incorporating innovative technologies. These advancements are essential as they may guide policy decisions to protect the environment in the hospitality industry.
Development of Android-based Interactive Multimedia in Python Basic Programming Material for Grade 10 Senior High School
Authors: Gayatri Tiara Nisya , Maryono Dwi , Yuana Rosihan Ari
Published: August 2024

This research is motivated by the use of learning media that still does not meet the needs of students and raises several learning problems in the informatics learning process, especially basic programming material. students feel bored and have difficulty understanding the material presented by the teacher so more learning hours are needed. This study aims to develop Android-based interactive learning media on Python basic programming material for grade 10 high school. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model. The ADDIE development model consists of 5 stages, namely: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation. Data collection techniques used were interviews, questionnaires, and literature studies. The analysis technique used is a quantitative descriptive analysis technique. The interactive features developed are interesting Python basic programming materials with learning videos, live code, and quizzes. The results of application validation assessment by media experts were declared very feasible with a percentage score of 94.05% and the results of validation assessment by material experts were declared feasible with a percentage score of 75%. Student response assessment results obtained a percentage score of 81.66% accepted by students. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Android-based interactive learning media on basic Python programming material is suitable for use as a learning medium for informatics subjects and can be an alternative solution to address student learning problems.
Secure Remote (Home) Electronic Exam Systems: Features, Challenges, and Development of an Offline Model
Authors: Keyamo Clement Amone , Adebukola Onashoga Saidat , Baale Abimbola Adebisi
Published: August 2024

The development of e-assessment systems that can meet acceptable standards in the education industry is a present focus of researchers in the distance learning area. Cheating  and impersonation in online examinations are two common challenges that  have spawned diverse solutions that are usually based on continuous authentication and monitoring principles and technologies. Most of the solutions are focused on centralized e-proctoring schemes that depend massively on state-of the-art internet connectivity. However, many users of these systems, especially in the developing countries, have limited internet services. This is a major barrier to effective remote e-assessment of learners as many of these solutions fail with failing internet services.  To resolve this challenge, this paper describes a Secure Offline  Continuous  Authentication and Monitoring(SOCAM) model for remote e-assessment. 
PENGEMBANGAN WEB SERVICE MODUL ADMIN PADA SISTEM INFORMASI PENERIMAAN CALON ANGGOTA BARU KSR PMI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Mohammad Saeful Amin  , Hamidillah Ajie  , Widodo
Published: August 2024

Tantangan terbesar yang dihadapi PMI adalah memastikan bahwa proses rekrutmen relawan dapat terus berlanjut. KSR PMI Unit UNJ merupakan sarana bagi mahasiswa untuk mengamalkan tugas kepalangmerahan dan tugas-tugas organisasi sebagai wujud tanggung jawab kepada masyarakat dan negara. Dalam penyiapan kader atau sumber daya manusia, KSR PMI Unit UNJ akan melaksanakan rangkaian kegiatan penerimaan calon anggota baru (PCAB) sesuai dengan aturan standar pelatihan PMI untuk menghasilkan sumber daya yang berkualitas.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan web service yang dapat digunakan dalam Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Calon Anggota Baru KSR PMI Unit UNJ dan memudahkan dalam melaksanakan rangkaian kegiatan penerimaan calon anggota baru KSR PMI Unit UNJ serta memiliki sifat adaptif terhadap perubahan-perubahan di masa mendatang. Pengembangan web service modul admin Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Calon Anggota Baru KSR PMI Unit UNJ dengan metode scrum menggunakan framework Express.js dan menghasilkan 58 endpoint. Pengujian dengan metode unit testing terhadap 58 endpoint menggunakan aplikasi bernama Postman. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa 58 endpoint yang diuji berfungsi dengan baik, dan layak digunakan sebagai sisi backend yang akan digabungkan dengan sisi frontend untuk menjadi aplikasi Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Calon Anggota Baru KSR PMI Unit UNJ yang utuh.
PENGEMBANGAN VIDEO TUTORIAL PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM DALAM PERSIAPAN PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DALAM MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 BAGI DOSEN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Herdi Alief Novalian  , M. Ficky Duskarnaen  , Hamidillah Ajie
Published: August 2024

Pandemi COVID-19 yang mulai pada awal tahun 2020 melanda dunia dan melumpuhkan berbagai aktifitas di berbagai bidang. Pemerintah mengeluarkan peraturan yang membatasi berbagai aktivitas sosial, termasuk aktivitas di institusi pendidikan. Berdasarkan Peraturan Gubernur DKI Jakarta Nomor 33 Tahun 2020 tentang Pelaksanaan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) dalam upaya penanganan COVID-19 di Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Pasal 6-8 mewajibkan seluruh institusi pendidikan untuk melakukan penghentian sementara kegiatan dan semua aktivitas pembelajaran, serta mengubah kegiatan administrasi dan pembelajaran agar dikerjakan dari rumah. Sejak pandemi COVID-19, perkuliahan di Universitas Negeri Jakarta (UNJ) terpaksa beralih menjadi Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) secara dalam jaringan (daring). namun, masih terdapat dosen di UNJ yang belum terbiasa dalam melakukan PJJ. Selain itu, belum tersedia media tutorial dalam bahasa indonesia penggunaan teknologi PJJ yang dikembangkan khusus bagi dosen UNJ. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media video tutorial penggunaan Google Classroom sebagai salah satu platform pelaksanaan PJJ yang dikhususkan bagi dosen UNJ sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Pengembangan video tutorial ini menggunakan Metode Luther–Sutopo dengan mengacu pada prinsip desain multimedia yaitu prinsip segmentation, coherence, dan modality. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa video tutorial yang layak dari segi materi dan media serta sangat baik untuk digunakan oleh dosen UNJ.
WITHDRAWN: Ultrafast Picosecond Laser Spectroscopy and ICP-OES Assisted Calibration-free of Toxic Metal Concentrations in Contaminated Agricultural Soils
Authors: El-Saeed Mohamed , Tawfik Walid , Khalil Ahmed A. I. , Mubarak Manal , Fikry Mohamed
Published: August 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Graded Hyperideals-Based Graphs on ‎W‎eak Graded Multiplicative Hyperrings
Authors: Ghiasvand Peyman , Toghanipour ‎Shirin , Hamidi Mohammad
Published: August 2024

‎In this paper‎, ‎we introduce the notion of weak monoid-graded multiplicative hyperrings and present their properties‎, ‎special the relation to monoid-graded multiplicative hyperrings‎. ‎We bring forward the concept of an intersection graph of graded hyperideals of monoid-graded multiplicative hyperrings‎. ‎Indeed‎, ‎for any given monoid and multiplicative hyperring‎, ‎it is introduced the notion of weak monoid-graded multiplicative hyperring‎, ‎so concerning any non avoided subset of given multiplicative hyperring‎, ‎we established special nontrivial graded hyperideals as the vertices and any two vertices are adjacent if have a nonzero intersection‎. ‎We proved that the graded hyperideals of this class of weak monoid-graded multiplicative hyperring are cyclic and computed the set of all graded hyperideals of any finite weak monoid-graded multiplicative hyperrings‎. ‎For any given natural number‎, ‎based on the fundamental theorem of arithmetic‎, ‎and any given prime‎, ‎we characterize the intersection graph of graded hyperideals of finite monoid-graded multiplicative hyperrings‎.
MSC(2010): Primary: 05C25; Secondary: 20N20, 16W50.
Experimental exploration of geometric cohesion and solid fraction in columns of highly non-convex Platonic polypods
Authors: Aponte David , Barés Jonathan , Renouf Mathieu , Azéma Emilien , Estrada Nicolas
Published: August 2024

In this study, we investigate the stability and solid fraction of columns comprised of highly non-convex particles. These particles are constructed by extruding arms onto the faces of Platonic solids, a configuration we term Platonic polypods. We explore the emergence and disappearance of solid-like behavior in the absence of adhesive forces between the particles, referred to as geometric cohesion. This investigation is conducted by varying the number of arms of the particles and the thickness of these arms. To accomplish this, columns are assembled by depositing particles within a cylindrical container, followed by the removal of the container to evaluate the stability of the resulting structures. Experiments were carried out using three distinct materials to assess the influence of the friction coefficient between the grains. Our findings reveal that certain granular systems exhibit geometric cohesion, depending on their geometrical and contact properties. Furthermore, we analyze the initial solid fraction of the columns, demonstrating that these arrangements can achieve stability even at highly loose states, which contrasts with traditional granular materials.
India's Green Growth Puzzle: Decoding the interplay between carbon dioxide emissions, energy mix and GDP
Authors: Kunwar Rohan , Vora Krish , Sharma Kashika , Raj Rohit , Bal Debi Prasad
Published: August 2024

We show the dynamic relation between environmental degradation, energy composition, and economic growth in India, utilizing annual data from 1985 to 2022. Our research illuminates a robust, long-term equilibrium relationship among these pivotal variables. Notably, our findings underscore the pivotal role of renewable energy adoption and strategic enhancements in energy efficiency as potent strategies for curtailing CO2 emissions. In addition, we emphasize the imperative of diversifying the energy portfolio and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Moreover, our Granger causality analysis unveils dynamic interdependencies among these variables, enriching our comprehension of their temporal dynamics. Building upon these compelling results, we proffer a comprehensive set of evidence-based policy recommendations, encompassing the incentivization of renewable energy sources, the augmentation of energy efficiency measures, the introduction of carbon pricing mechanisms, and the steadfast pursuit of sustainable development objectives. This synthesis of findings, intricately coupled with the robust VECM methodology, equips policymakers with invaluable insights to navigate the multifaceted landscape of sustainable development in the dynamic Indian context.
The Relationships Between Some Udder Traits Of Dairy Cows And Somatic Cell Count In Mediterranean
Authors: Topal Elif , Onal Ahmet Refik
Published: August 2024

In this study, hyperkeratosis score, teat end shape score, teat shape score, teat length score, teat skin score, teat cleanliness score, teat warts score (fibropapillomas), front teat placement score, rear teat placement score and California Mastitis Score (CMT) of 158 milking Holstein cows determined in a dairy farm which is member of Sakarya Dairy Cattle Breeders Association in Sakarya. The relationship between teat traits and Somatic Cell Counts determined. Animals monitored during 12 months and scored at the end of each month. Data’s were evaluated in four season (fall, winter, spring and summer) in the study. Scorings were performed separately for each teat (front right teat, front left teat, rear right teat and rear left teat) in each group. According to the teat, the groups end the ratings. There was a substantial relationship between teat end score groups and CMT for ART (p < 0.01), ALT (p < 0.01), PRT (p < 0.01) and PLT (p < 0.01). There was a strong correlation between teat form classes and CMT for ART (p < 0.05). No statistical association was observed between the teat shape groups and the CMT for ALT, PRT and PLT (p > 0.05). There was a strong correlation between the teat tip score categories and the CMT for ART (p < 0.01), ALT (p < 0.01), PRT (p < 0.01) and PLT (p < 0.01). Based on the teat tip score for ART, 214 teats were smooth, the teats were round, and 182 teats were pointed., there was a significant association between the teat length and the CMT for ART (p < 0.05), ALT (p < 0.05) and PLT (p < 0.01). It was significantly relationship between teat morphological traits and CMT level, therefore it was concluded that the characters such as hyperkeratosis, teat end shape, teat length can be used as selection criteria in animal breeding.
The inclusion of zinc amino acid complex in Nile tilapia diets can reduce the dietary crude protein content: growth performance, carcass composition, nutrient retention, and hematobiochemical status
Authors: de Oliveira Crislaine Palmeira Barbosa , Copatti Carlos Eduardo , Lemos Carlos Henrique da Paixão , Couto Ricardo David , Figueiredo-Silva Claudia , Silva Janilson Felix da , Santos Adailton Thiago Silva dos , Vidal Luiz Vítor Oliveira
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with zinc amino acid complex (ZnAA) in reduced crude protein extruded diets for Nile tilapia juveniles. Fish (41.55 g) were fed on a regime of apparent satiety in a randomized design (seven treatments and three repetitions) in 250 L tanks for nine weeks. There were two control diets (no ZnAA), which were categorized as positive control (crude protein content of 318.90 g kg− 1, estimated 264.52 g kg− 1 of digestible protein) and negative control (low crude protein content of 248.32 g kg− 1, estimated 200.90 g kg− 1 of digestible protein). Another five experimental diets with mean reduced low crude protein content (243.08 g kg− 1, estimated 196.17 g kg− 1 of digestible protein) with 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg ZnAA kg− 1 were also tested. Carcass composition, nutrient retention, and zootechnical, hematological, and biochemical responses were evaluated. The negative control, 40, 80, and 100 mg ZnAA kg diet− 1 treatments showed similar growth performance to the positive control. Carcass lipid values and nitrogen retention were lower in the positive control. An increase in dietary ZnAA augmented phosphorus concentration and retention and Zn concentration. The Zn retention was higher in the negative control. Plasma glucose levels and plasma and liver aspartate aminotransferase activity were higher in the positive control. Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower in the negative control. Total leukocytes were increased in 80 and 100 mg ZnAA kg diet− 1 treatments. In conclusion, it is recommended to reduce the crude protein content in Nile tilapia extruded diets from 295 to 264 g kg− 1, incorporating 80 mg ZnAA kg diet− 1, since it can contribute to carcass composition and hematobiochemical parameters without harming the fish growth.
Impact of early versus late Artificial Rupture of Membranes during oxytocin induction of labour on the incidence of chorioamnionitis: A randomised controlled trial (ARM Trial)
Authors: G Hill Meghan , Sadler Lynn , Pauleau Emmanuelle , Treadwell Beatrice , Wise Michelle R
Published: August 2024

Background
The approach to induction of labour differs internationally, with timing of amniotomy being controversial. Some institutions favor performing artificial rupture of membranes prior to commencement of oxytocin infusion, with the belief that the labour will progress more efficiently. In other institutions, the approach recommended is for oxytocin infusion with intact amniotic membranes until the person has reached the active phase of labour, citing risk of infection with early amniotomy. Current evidence is inconclusive. We are performing a randomised controlled trial assessing whether delaying amniotomy until the active phase of labour can decrease the rate of chorioamnionitis.
Methods
This is a randomised controlled trial at a single centre in New Zealand. Pregnant people undergoing induction of labour at ≥ 37 weeks gestational age with intact membranes and a singleton gestation are eligible for the trial. Participants are randomised to ‘Early’ amniotomy, at the commencement of oxytocin infusion, or to ‘Late’ amniotomy, when they have reached a cervical dilation of 6 or more centimetres or when they have been receiving oxytocin infusion for 12 hours. The primary outcome of the trial is chorioamnionitis. To detect a decrease in chorioamnionitis from 9–3% with a power of 80% and a 95% CI, we will require 488 participants in total, randomised in a 1:1 ratio.
Discussion
If delaying amniotomy reduces the rate of chorioamnionitis, this is important to inform future practice. Chorioamnionitis entails risk to both the pregnant person and the fetus and is an important contributor to neonatal sepsis, neonatal intensive care unit admission, maternal sepsis, caesarean, wound infection and postoperative infective complications. Conversely, if the rate of chorioamnionitis is not affected by timing of amniotomy this will allow for safe individualization of care.
Trial Registration:
The trial is registered on the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, anzctr.org.au. Full registry title is “Impact of early versus late artificial rupture of membranes during oxytocin induction of labour on the incidence of chorioamnionitis: A randomised controlled trial”. Trial ID: ACTRN12621000405819. Date registered 14/04/2021.
Sable: Bridging the Gap in Protein Structure Understanding with an Empowering and Versatile Pre-training Paradigm
Authors: Ye Qiwei , li jiashan , Chen Xi , Huang He , Zeng Mingliang , Yu Jingcheng , Gong Xinqi
Published: August 2024

Protein pre-training has emerged as a transformative approach for solving diverse biological tasks. While many contemporary methods focus on sequence-based language models, recent findings highlight that protein sequences alone are insufficient to capture the extensive information inherent in protein structures. Recognizing the crucial role of protein structure in defining function and interactions, we introduce Sable, a versatile pre-training model designed to comprehensively understand protein structures. Sable incorporates a novel structural encoding mechanism that enhances inter-atomic information exchange and spatial awareness, combined with robust pre-training strategies and lightweight decoders optimized for specific downstream tasks. This approach enables Sable to consistently outperform existing methods in tasks such as regression, classification, and generation, demonstrating its superior capability in protein structure representation. The code and models will be released in the GitHub repository.
Optimized Methods for Obtaining scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq Data from Skeletal Muscle Stored in Nucleic Acid Stabilizing Preservative
Authors: Adeyemo Adebowale , Heuston Elisabeth , Doumatey Ayo , Naz Faiza , Islam Shamima , Anderson Stacie , Kirby Martha , Wincovitch Stephen , Dell’Orso Stefania , Rotimi Charles
Published: August 2024

Single cell studies have transformed our understanding of cellular heterogeneity in disease but the need for fresh starting material can be an obstacle, especially in the context of international multicenter studies and archived tissue. We developed a protocol to obtain high-quality cells and nuclei from dissected human skeletal muscle archived in the preservative Allprotect® Tissue Reagent (ATR). After fluorescent imaging microscopy confirmed intact nuclei, we performed four protocol variations that compared sequencing metrics between cells and nuclei enriched by either filtering or flow cytometry sorting. Cells and nuclei (either sorted or filtered) produced statistically identical transcriptional profiles and recapitulated 8 cell types present in skeletal muscle. Flow cytometry sorting successfully enriched for higher-quality cells and nuclei but resulted in an overall decrease in input material. Our protocol provides an important resource for obtaining high-quality single cell genomic material from archived tissue and to streamline global collaborative efforts.
Can Green Location-Oriented Policies Promote Urban Energy Efficiency? --Evidence from Eco-Industrial Demonstration Parks in China
Authors: Liu Yang , Jiang Hui , Cui Junfu
Published: August 2024

The enhancement of energy efficiency represents a pivotal step towards the achievement of the objective of energy conservation, emission reduction, and green development. Location-oriented industrial policies oriented towards sustainable development and ecological and environmental protection play a pivotal role in the enhancement of energy use efficiency. This paper employs a sample of 196 Chinese cities from 2005 to 2020 to examine the impact and path of energy efficiency in National Eco-Industrial Demonstration Parks (EIDPs), a representative green location-oriented policy. The analysis employs the time-varying difference-in-differences method (TV-DID). The findings of this study indicate that the EIDPs exerts a considerable influence on urban energy efficiency, with an effect size of 0.5644. This conclusion remains valid following a series of robustness tests, including the parallel trend test, the placebo test, the PSM-DID methodology, the heterogeneity treatment effect test, the exclusion of other policy interferences, and the sample data screening. The mechanism of action test demonstrated that EIDPs exert a significant impact on urban energy efficiency through three transmission paths: enhancing environmental regulation, promoting green technological innovation, and upgrading industrial structure. The heterogeneity test demonstrated that EIDPs can play a significant role in promoting energy efficiency in cities that are not old industrial bases, non-resource-based, and where the demonstration parks have already been created. Nevertheless, this role is less discernible in cities that are established industrial centers, resource-based cities, and cities where the demonstration parks are currently being established.
Unintended Pregnancy and Contraceptive Use Among Residents of Slum and Non-Slum Areas in Kinshasa, DRC: A Comparative Analysis Using PMA Survey Data (2014-2020)
Authors: Kabasubabo Francis K. , Faye Cheikh , Wado Yohannes D. , Akilimali Pierre Z.
Published: August 2024

Urbanization is rapidly increasing worldwide, with slum settlements emerging as a significant concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like the Democratic Republic of Congo. This study examines contraceptive use and unintended pregnancies among women residing in slum and non-slum areas of Kinshasa between 2014 and 2020.
We analyzed data from the Performance Monitoring for Action survey conducted between 2014 and 2020, encompassing 19,568 women. Logistic regression, adjusted for socio-demographic factors, was used to assess the association between residence type (slum vs. non-slum) and contraceptive use as well as unintended pregnancies.
Results indicate a rise in contraceptive prevalence in Kinshasa from 2014 to 2020, with slum areas consistently exhibiting higher prevalence rates compared to non-slum areas. Long-term contraceptive method prevalence increased from 4% to 8% in slum areas, contrasting with the stable rate of approximately 3% in non-slum areas over the same period. Although there was a decline in unintended pregnancy prevalence in slum areas in recent years, rates remain elevated compared to non-slum areas.
In bivariate analysis, women residing in slum areas were twice as likely to report unintended pregnancies compared to those in non-slum areas (OR: 2.33; 95% CI; 2.008 – 2.698). However, after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, residence type (slum vs. non-slum) did not significantly influence the occurrence of unintended pregnancies.
These findings underscore the persistent challenges faced by women in slum areas regarding unintended pregnancies, despite improvements in contraceptive prevalence. Addressing these disparities requires targeted interventions tailored to the specific needs of urban populations, particularly those residing in slum settlements.
Early inoculation of a multi-species probiotic to piglets – impact on gut microbiome and immune responses
Authors: Hansen Lea Hübertz Birch , Lauridsen Charlotte , Nielsen Bea , Jørgensen Lisbeth , Schönherz Anna A. , Canibe Nuria
Published: August 2024

Background:
Intestinal diseases in nursery pigs cause poor performance and health as well as constitute a risk for development of antimicrobial resistance. Research points towards early life serving as a period of physiological plasticity rendering interventive strategies, why the objective of this study was to assess the effect of early inoculation of a probiotic multi-species product to newborn piglets on their ability to overcome weaning and the intestinal challenges that follows. The probiotic product consisted of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and Bifidobacterium breve and was orally administered to the newborn piglets daily until day 4, subsequently every 2nd day until weaning on day 28 (4x109 CFU/dose). The Control group was administered a placebo mixture.
Results:
Alpha diversity indices showed that the Probiotic pigs had a lower diversity index in feces on day 7, whereas the Shannon diversity was higher in feces on day 28 and in intestinal content on day 23. Nested PERMANOVA on Bray-Curtis distance metrics analysis demonstrated alterations in microbial diversity in intestinal content and tissue as well as in feces between the two treatment groups on day 35 after cessation of probiotic administration. Most zOTUs found to significantly differentiate the two treatment groups were found pre-weaning. Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus salivarius as well as Clostridium ramosum stood out by being significantly more abundant in feces of Probiotic pigs more than once. The Probiotic pigs had a higher expression of MUC2, IL-8, and IL-17 post-weaning, whereas the acute phase protein SAA was downregulated. Incidence of diarrhea during the first week after weaning was lower in the Probiotic group. Furthermore, Probiotic pigs had a lower concentration of cadaverine in intestinal content as well as a lower percentwise increase in white blood cells from pre- to post-weaning.
Conclusions:
In conclusion, early probiotic inoculation may drive a long-term immunomodulation through changes in specific microbial antigens, leading to higher resilience during challenging situations such as weaning. An interesting finding was that the effect of the early probiotic inoculation was observed after weaning and cessation of the probiotic product.
A global trophic functional analysis of estuary-associated fishes
Authors: Harrison Trevor , Whitfield Alan
Published: August 2024

The global trophic structure and trophic level of estuarine-associated fishes was analysed in relation to biogeographic and selected environmental parameters. Meta-assemblages of estuary-associated fishes were collated at the marine ecoregion level and were analysed at a broad biogeographic (bioregion) level. The fish assemblages were compared based on feeding mode functional groups (guilds) and fish trophic levels. Relationships between these guilds and fish trophic levels and selected environmental characteristics and fish functional attributes were also examined. Significant differences were observed between bioregions in the relative species contribution of functional groups and their trophic levels. Sea surface temperature, which is often related to latitude, appeared to be a major factor associated with the relative contribution and trophic levels of estuary-associated fishes within each bioregion. Zoobenthivores dominated the species composition in all bioregions, highlighting the importance of the benthic food chain in estuarine fish communities. The relative contribution of detritivores, herbivores, and omnivores declined from tropical bioregions to cool-temperate bioregions, with the trophic level of these groups of fishes also increasing from tropical to cool-temperate ecoregions. This trend was linked to the diversity and ability of detritivorous fishes to process low quality (trophic level) food at low latitudes. The relative contribution and trophic level of zooplanktivores increased from tropical to cool-temperate bioregions; this related to higher zooplankton abundance and quality associated with temperate regions. The relative contribution of piscivorous fishes exhibited a decline from tropical to cool-temperate bioregions but the trophic level of this group showed the opposite trend. Through consuming high quality (trophic level) food, piscivores are able to occupy and thrive in cool-temperate estuarine habitats. Generalised estuarine food webs that contrast tropical and cool-temperate bioregions are also presented, with the key role of detritus in conferring stability to estuarine food webs being emphasized.
Genome-wide Survey of Crataegus scabrifolia Provides New Insights into Its Genetic Evolution and Adaptation Mechanisms
Authors: Wang Baozheng , Wu Xien , Luo Dengli , Chen Jian , Zhang Yingmin , Li Guodong , Zhang Ticao
Published: August 2024

Crataegus scabrifolia is a significant botanical resource in Southwest China, renowned for its medicinal properties and high potential for development due to its rich medicinal components. However, genomic research on C. scabrifolia remains limited. This study conducted a comprehensive genome-wide survey of C. scabrifolia, employing flow cytometry in conjunction with genome K-mer analysis to assess its genomic characteristics in detail. Our findings reveal that despite a genome size similar to cultivated hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major), C. scabrifolia exhibits a significantly lower heterozygosity rate of 0.5% compared to 1.77% in cultivated varieties. Additionally, we identified transposable elements comprising 51.79% of the assembled genome, with retrotransposons accounting for 35.05% of the total genome. Transposon analysis elucidated the genomic characteristics of transposons in C. scabrifolia, suggesting a mode of increase similar to that observed in cultivated hawthorn. Furthermore, this study identified numerous SSR marker loci and annotated the functions of single-copy genes, providing insights into C. scabrifolia 's adaptive strategies and genetic stability under varying environmental conditions. These findings offer crucial tools and resources for further genotype selection, genetic analysis, and breeding improvements.
“We provide the methods to others but we don’t use the methods ourselves”: Challenges with utilization of modern contraception among Female Healthcare Workers at two tertiary teaching hospitals, Northern Uganda
Authors: Opee Jimmyy , Opiro Keneth , Manano Priscilla , Sikoti Margret , Ayikoru Jackline , Akello Harriet , Laker Fiona Gladys , Wolters Maria K , Awor Silvia , Pebolo Francis Pebalo , Bongomin Felix
Published: August 2024

Background
Female Healthcare Workers (FHCWs) play a crucial role in advocating for and delivering modern contraceptive methods (MCM) to reproductive-age women. Despite the high frequency of women seeking healthcare annually, less than half receive adequate contraceptive counseling and services. Investigating FHCWs' adherence to these practices and understanding the obstacles they encounter is essential. This study aimed to identify factors influencing utilization and explore challenges faced by FHCWs in providing modern contraception counseling and services at the two major hospitals in Gulu, Northern Uganda.
Methods
We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study employing a qualitative approach at St. Mary’s Hospital Lacor (SMHL) and Gulu Regional Referral Hospital (GRRH), Northern Uganda. Qualitative data were explored using the principles of descriptive phenomenology to gain deeper insights into the experiences of twenty (20) FHCWs.
Results
Findings revealed various challenges faced by FHCWs, including patient barriers such as religious beliefs, contraceptive myths, fear of side effects, and provider barriers like lack of knowledge, training, and discomfort. Additionally, health system barriers like limited time and competing priorities were identified.
Conclusion
Utilization of MCM among FHCWs is lower than the national average. Efforts should focus on enhancing contraceptive services, particularly in faith-based facilities and among married individuals. Addressing perceived barriers at the patient, provider, and system levels through comprehensive health education, ensuring method availability, and provider training is imperative.
Geographical mapping of colorectal cancer incidence risk factors in the United States using statistical and machine learning approaches
Authors: Palliyaguru Nipuni , Chennamangalam Jayanth , Liyanage Sanka , Wellalage Basitha Kavinga Hewa , Arangala Crista , Armstrong Nicole M. , Palliyaguru Dushani L.
Published: August 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. Previous studies have identified several behavioral, biological and environmental risk factors of CRC. Within the US, there are several geographical regions with poorer CRC outcomes compared to others - indicating possible geographical variations in CRC risk factor occurrence. To quantitatively assess this, we examined US county-level CRC data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program and risk factor prevalence data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (obesity, diabetes, smoking, low physical activity, alcohol use, and low screening). Additionally, we also examined environmental risk factors (particulate matter and pesticide use). We used linear regression models and machine learning methods, e.g., decision tree and random forest to quantify predictors of CRC incidence. Our regression analyses indicated that low physical activity, obesity, low screening and smoking were highly correlated with and co-occurred in counties with high CRC incidence. Low physical activity and obesity were significantly correlated with CRC incidence in both urban and rural counties. Decision tree and random forest algorithms showed that obesity, low screening and low physical activity were the most important predictors of CRC incidence in US county-level data. Addressing these risk factors is therefore a critical component of CRC prevention and mitigation efforts at the geographical level.
Experimental setup for the determination of spectral normal emissivity of conductive materials in the wavelength range of 1-18 µm and the temperature range of 300 - 1700 o C in the air
Authors: Mironov R. A. , Kryukov A. E. , Zabezhaylov A. O. , Zabezhaylov M. O. , Rusin M. Y.
Published: August 2024

This article describes the measurement procedure and data processing features of an apparatus for measuring the spectral emissivity of electrically conductive opaque materials in the air. The developed laboratory setup has the following three main features: induction heating of the sample, correction in order to exclude the surrounding radiation reflected by the sample, and the use of multiwavelength pyrometry. Single-sided induction heating of the sample eliminates the contribution of stray radiation from the heating element to the recorded signal. The correction on surrounding radiation increases the accuracy of emissivity determination, especially at low temperatures. The multiwavelength pyrometry is used to obtain the true temperature of a sample. This technique makes it possible to obtain the surface temperature of the sample directly from its thermal radiation spectrum, allowing to examine the material during the oxidation process. The emissivity spectra of zirconium and hafnium diboride samples were measured with the created setup. The obtained spectra reveal several features, which correlate with chemical transformations on the surface of the materials during oxidation.