bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Renal tissue toxicity and miRNA 21, miRNA122, and miRNA221 tissue level alterations in rats administered 4-Nitroquinoline
Authors: Gaaib Jawdat N. Gaaib , Raziq Amir , Salman Karam , Hanon Rana
Published: October 2022

A widespread variety of toxicants modify miRNAs profiles in target tissues. Five rat treatment groups were selected for this study, each consisting of five animals and an additional one left untreated used as a control. Administration of the carcinogen 4-Nitroquinoline (4-NQO) lasted for 5 months with four weeks intervals separating the successive groups. When the carcinogen intake period ended, the animals were euthanized and renal tissue was collected for both histopathological and molecular investigations. The results showed no significant difference (p=0.65) between the animal groups that showed kidney tissue toxicity and those that did not. Conversely, a statistically significant difference emerged if the mean ΔCt of the gene of interest (miRNA-21) in the treated group (6.95±1.23) was compared to that of the control group (4.42±0.34) (p=0.000). A significant difference was also observed when the comparison involved miRNA-122 and miRNA-221 whose ΔCt values for the treated and control groups were 2.28±0.2, 1.19±0.51 (p=0.04);0.39±0.08,1.52±0.06 (p=0.02), respectively. In conclusion: The findings of the present work revealed variable degrees of renal tissue injury despite non-significant; but it emphasizes the significant alterations of the miRNA tissue levels, the latter can indicate the adoption of specific miRNAs as vital markers denoting the prediction and/or the diagnosis of tissue injury after exposure to certain chemicals.
Biostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Fort Munro Formation, Rakhi Gorge, Eastern Sulaiman Range, Pakistan
Authors: Zaheer Arsalan , Ghazi Shahid , Mehmood Mubashir , Yaseen Muhammad , Jehangir Khan Muhammad , Serwar Umair
Published: October 2022

The Fort Munro Formation is well exposed along DG Khan-Fort Munro road, a type locality. The section was measured and sampled for the biostratigraphy, where it has a conformable lower contact with Mughalkot Formation and is underlain by the Pab Sandstone. The total observed thickness was 105 meters, and 26 samples were collected from top to the bottom at random intervals. Fifty thin sections were studied carefully, and five species of large benthic foraminifera, including Orbitoidestissoti, Orbitoidesapiculata, Orbitoides media, Orbitoideshottingeri, and Omphalocyclusmacroporus were identified along with miliolids. Gastropods, Bivalves and Echinoderms were also observed. Based on identified microfossils, the depositional environment of the formation is the inner ramp to the middle ramp deposited in the Campanian to Maastrichtian age.
Stratigraphy and Basin Development of the Oligocene-Early Miocene Succession, Southeastern Iraq
Authors: Hussien Aiad Ali Hussien Al-Zaidy , Aoudah Hussein Sh. , Al-Tarim Haider A. Falih
Published: October 2022

The study area is situated in the northern part of the Arabian Plate. The evolution of the Zagros Foreland basin is related to the compressional tectonic system at the beginning of the Tertiary Period.
This study gives an adequate nomenclature for the Oligocene – Early Miocene Sequence is Missan Group. The Buzurgan Oilfield was chosen to represent the stratigraphic column corresponding to that period. These sediments were subdivided into two cycles, where each one ends by a sequence boundary, equivalent to the lowstand siliciclastic residues in the basin center. The first cycle, Paleocene-Oligocene Epoch, was deposited marly limestone with planktonic foraminifera in the basin center during the transgressive and highstand conditions. The Lower Missan Group was deposited during the latest Oligocene lowstand conditions and overlaid the deep marine Oligocene sediments.
The second cycle represented the Early Miocene Epoch (Aquitanian), by which the Euphrates Formation was deposited during the transgressive and highstand conditions and ended by the lowstand conditions sediments in the basin center as an Upper Missan Sandstone Member. These two cycles are conformably bounded by Lower Miocene (Jeribe Formation) and Oligocene (Tarjil Formation).
Reservoir Characterization of Lower Qamchuqa (Shu'aiba) Formation from the Well BH-86, Bai- Hassan Oil field, Northern Iraq
Authors: Shahab Sabir S. , Baban Dler H. , Kadhim Lafta S.
Published: October 2022

The reservoir characterization of Lower Qamchuqa (Shu'aiba) Formation (Aptian) is studied at the well BH-86 of Bai- Hassan Oilfield in Kirkuk area, Northern Iraq. The lithological study (of 91 thin sections) revealed that the formation consists of shaly limestone, a thin bed of marl within the limestone, and dolomitic limestone. Four petrographic microfacies were noticed Lime mudstone microfacies, Dolomudstone microfacies, Lime wackestone microfacies, subdivided into benthonic foraminifera lime wackestone submicrofacies and bioclasts lime wackestone submicrofacies, and the last microfacies is the Lime packstone microfacies, which is subdivided into pelloidal lime packstone submicrofacies and Orbitolina lime packstone microfacies. Shale content is calculated from the gamma-ry log, showing that the formation is mainly of low shale content (less than 35%). The porosity determined from sonic, density, and neutron logs reflect that the range between <1 and 15% and in some intervals about 6% is secondary porosity type. The estimated permeability ranges between <0.01 and 2.0mD, reflecting low permeability. The formation is subdivided into six reservoir units according to the shale content, average porosity, and permeability. The unit RU-5 has the best reservoir properties among the identified units with an average shale content of about 3.15%, about 6.2% porosity, and about 1.75mD average permeability. On the other hand, the least reservoir property is noticed in the unit RU-1 with average 9.48% shale content, 3.64% porosity, and 0.5mD average permeability. The research indicates that the fractures contribute to the flow within the Lower Qamchuqa Formation.  Fluids flow through the formation in four unique Hydraulic Flow Units (HFU). Only about 8% of the gross 146m of the formation is expected to have the required reservoir properties for oil production and about 68% for gas production. The actual productive thickness for oil is only about 2.8% of the gross thickness of the studied section, and it’s more than 50% of the gross thickness for gas.
On Fixed Point Theorems by Using Rational Expressions in Partially Ordered Metric Space
Authors: Hashim Amal M. , Kazem Ali A.
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and prove some fixed point theorems for two maps that
satisfy -contractive conditions with rational expression in partially ordered metric spaces, our results improve and unify a multitude of fixed point theorems and generalize some recent results in ordered partially metric space.
Almost Semi-extending Modules
Authors: Ahmed Muna Abbas , Abbas Maysaa Riadh , Adeeb Noor Riyadh
Published: October 2022

Fuchs introduced purely extending modules as a generalization of extending modules. Ahmed and Abbas gave another generalization for extending modules named semi-extending modules. In this paper, two generalizations of the extending modules are combined to give another generalization. This generalization is said to be almost semi-extending. In fact, the purely extending modules lies between the extending and almost semi-extending modules. We also show that an almost semi-extending module is a proper generalization of purely extending. In addition, various examples and important properties of this class of modules are given and considered. Another characterization of almost semi-extending modules is established. Moreover, the relationships with other related concepts are studied and discussed
Removing Cobalt ions from Industrial Wastewater Using Chitosan
Authors: Kadhim Hakim H. , Saleh Khulood A.
Published: October 2022

In batch experiments, a natural chitosan adsorbent was employed to extract cobalt ions from industrial wastewater under varied parameters of starting concentration, adsorbent weight, pH, and contact duration. The adsorbent was examined using FTIR, XRD, and AFM. For an initial cobalt ion concentration of 5x10-2 mol/l at pH 6, time 35 minutes, temperature 25 °C, and adsorbing dose 0.1 g, the results showed a maximum removal percentage of 99.0 percent. The Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic model both suit the experimental data well. According to thermodynamic studies, the process was spontaneous and endothermic.
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Simulation of a Gold-Bismuth Bi-layer Gas Sensor
Authors: Ulwali Ruqayah A. , Abbas Heba Kh. , Karam Ali J , Al-Zuky Ali A. , Al-Kadhemy Mahasin F. Hadi , Al-Saleh Anwar H.
Published: October 2022

The features of plasmonic surface frequency sensor technology, such as the small number of sensor samples required, electromagnetic interference, and high sensitivity, have been found to be highly important.. In this paper, a simulation program was created in Matlab_b2018 by adopting Fresnel equations for calculating the reflectivity of the electromagnetic wave between different media. A surface plasmon resonance sensor based on electromagnetic wavelengths within the range (100 nm to 1000 nm) has been proposed. The transfer matrix was used for a system consisting of four different media. The first medium is a semicircular BK7 glass prism, the second medium is a gold layer (40 nm thick), then a bismuth layer of variable thicknes(10–80) nm, and the last medium is air as the sensing medium. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique was adopted based on the Kretschmann configuration in the simulation of the proposed system.  The simulation results showed that there is no SPR within the range of wavelengths (100-500nm), while SPR appears in the visible region and in the IR region at wavelengths (900 and 1000nm). The SPR phenomenon starts to weaken gradually with an increase in the thickness of the bismuth layer. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) decreases with the decrease of thickness of bismuth layer. The best value for it is (10) at thickness (d=10 nm) and wavelength (900 nm). While the height (H) of the SPR dip increased, with the best value of (0.95) at thickness (d=10 nm) and wavelength (700 nm). Also, the sensitivity increased with increasing the bismuth layer thickness at wavelengths (700 , 800,
and 1000 ) nm. The highest obtained sensitivity(S) was (112.5 deg/RIU).
Geology and Correlative Analysis of Borehole Logs with Geo-electric Sections of Some Parts of Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ajibade Olumuyiwa Michael , Ariyo Stephen Oluwafemi , Oladipupo Seun Damola , Okeleye Abiola Omolabake
Published: October 2022

The property of rocks varies from one geological location to another or even disappears laterally, and these properties are important factors in determining groundwater quantity. This makes this research work focused on the correlative analysis of lithologies and borehole logs with geo-electric sections in the basement terrain of Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria, using Borehole logging and geophysical electrical method. Twenty-two vertical electrical sounding stations and borehole Logsare acquired within the study area with a maximum Schlumberger electrode separation of 100m. The data are interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively by partial curve matching and computer iteration to obtain the first-order geo-electric model parameters. The results of the geo-electric investigation reveal some lithological Layers such as topsoil, clay, weathered laterite basement, and fresh basement. At the same time, those from boreholes include topsoil, loamy soil, friable brown soil, clayey-sand, sandy-clay, laterite weathered basement/saprolite, and Fresh Basement. Electrical resistivity and borehole logs correlation revealed: poor, poor-moderate and moderate-perfect correlations based on a comparison between the number of lithological layers encountered from both vertical electrical sounding derived lithology and those from borehole and depth of occurrence. The depth of water struck grouped into three 0 - 45 m, 45 - 70 m, and 50 - 100 m to bring out the most favourable depth of aquifer potential while three yields categories 0.5-2 lt/s; 2 - 4lt/s and 4 -12 lt/s are observed with the above depth classification respectively. Good yielding fractures increase with depth in the quartzite regions but decrease with depth in both gneisses and the schist rock bodies. The correlations between geo-electric sections and borehole logs have shown that the geoelectric section obtained from the vertical electric section cannot totally be substituted for borehole logging but can serve as alternative means of classifying the sub-surface lithologies in the absence of borehole logging.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Metals Complexes with New Acidicazo Ligand 4-[(2-Amino-4-Phenylazo)-Methyl]-Cyclohexane Carboxylic Acid
Authors: Al-Daffay Rasha Khider Hussain , Al-Hamdani Abbas Ali Salih
Published: October 2022

4-[(2-Amino-4-phenylazo)-methyl]-cyclo hexane carboxylic acid, a new Azo (LH2) ligand, was synthesized by reaction of the diazonium salt of trans-4-(amino-methyl) cyclo hexane carboxylic acid with 3-amino phenol. The azo ligand was characterized by micro elemental analysis (C.H.N.O.) and TGA as well as spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and LC-Mass). Atomic absorption, elemental analysis, infrared, LC-Mass, TGA, and UV-Vis spectral methods, as well as conductivity and magnetic susceptibility, were used to characterize the complexes of Ni (II), Pd (II), and Pt (IV). The following general formula has been given for the produced compounds based on the results obtained, which are as following: the Ni (II) complex has a 1:1 metal-ligand ratio, but the Pd (II) and Pt (IV) complexes have a 1:2 metal-ligand ratio.
Mineralogy of Sand Dune Fields around Hor Al-Dalmaj Between Wasit and Al-Qadesiyah Governorates - Central Iraq
Authors: Al-Mashhadani Muna M. Nuri , Jasim Hasan K.
Published: October 2022

Vast percentage of the Hor Al-Dalmaj area is covered with sand dunes fields due to desertification. Therefore, it is vital to research these dunes to limit their bad action on the natural environment by defining the mineralogical composition of these sand dunes deposited around Hor Al-Dalmaj lake between Wast and Al-Qasisiyah Governorates to determine the provenance or the source of these dunes. Barchan and Nabkha dunes represent the main types that are recognized. The dimensions of barchan dunes are recognizing by a height range of about 0.5 to 3m, with lateral extension ranging from 2 to 15m and longitudinal extinction ranging from 3 to 15m. While the dimensions of nabkha dunes range from 10 cm to 2m in length and 15cm to 2m high. According to the major wind direction, these dunes are extended from North West to south-east. The mineralogical investigation reveals that the light minerals of studied dunes consist mainly of quartz, feldspars and various rock fragments such as carbonate, chert, mudstone, evaporate, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. The most frequent heavy minerals are opaque, chlorite, pyroxenes, amphiboles, muscovite, biotite, zircon, epidotes, garnet, tourmaline, rutile, kyanite, and staurolite. The source of these sediments is recent sediment that has formed in river terraces, flood plain and Quaternary deposits in the Mesopotamian Plain, and the outcrops of the ancient sedimentary formations in the north northwestern, west, and southwestern Iraq.
Structural study Using 2D Seismic Reflection Data of East lake Razzazah Area, Central Iraq
Authors: Alhusainy Shahd S. , Al-Rahim Ali M. , Geeter Muhammed H.
Published: October 2022

This research is focused on an interpretive of 2D seismic data to study is reinterpreting seismic data by applying sufficient software (Petrel 2017) of the area between Al-Razzazah Lake and the Euphrates river belonging to Karbala'a and Al-Anbar Governorates, central Iraq. The delineation of the sub-surface structural features and evaluation of the structure of Najmah and Zubair Formations was done. The structure interpretation showed that the studied area was affected by normal fault bearing (NW-SE) direction with a small displacement. In contrast, time and depth maps showed monocline structures (nose structures) located in the western part of the studied area.
Some Properties of Algebraically Paranormal Operator
Authors: Rashid Zaman Adel , Ahmed Buthainah A.A.
Published: October 2022

Through this study, the following has been proven, if  is an algebraically paranormal operator acting on separable Hilbert space, then  satisfies the ( ) property and  is also satisfies the ( ) property for all . These results are also achieved for  ( ) property.
   In addition, we prove that for a polaroid operator with finite ascent then after the property ( ) holds for  for all .
Generalized Commuting Mapping in Prime and Semiprime Rings
Authors: Mahmood Auday Hekmat
Published: October 2022

Let R be an associative ring. The essential purpose of the present paper is to introduce the concept of generalized commuting mapping of R. Let U be a non-empty subset of R, a mapping   : R  R is called a generalized commuting mapping on U if there exist a mapping :R R such that =0, holds for all U. Some results concerning the new concept are presented.
Detection of TNF Alpha Level as Biomarker in Different Stages of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Infection
Authors: Hussein Ashjan Mohammed , Ali Hayder Zuhair
Published: October 2022

Leishmaniasis is a global illness that is endemic in many countries, including Iraq. The characteristic of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the development of skin ulcers that are controlled by the immune system. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a cytokine generated by the innate immune response to CL infection, can influence disease clearance in the human host. The effect of this pro-inflammatory cytokine in CL ulcer development during the infection is not well established. In this study TNF-α level was detected in the patients who suffered from cutaneous leishmaniasis. This level was also assessed in the newly diagnosed patients and others who were undergoing different stages of pentostam treatment. Notably the results revealed a significant increment in TNF-α serum levels in the test groups of newly infected patients, as well as, in the patients enduring second and third trials of pentostam treatment, which was (1125.49, 838.75, 1264.26) ng/ml accordingly, in comparison with healthy control group  which was 235.35 ng/ml. Furthermore, there was no significant observation in TNF-α among the three patient groups. The perceived rise of TNF-α serum levels may give insights into this pro-inflammatory cytokine as a biomarker in the prognosis and tracking the disease progression.
Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration in Water and Fish of Dalmaj Marsh, Iraq
Authors: Al-Sulttani Ahmed H. , Beg Ayad Ali Faris , Dahash Ali Hameed
Published: October 2022

Most marshes in Iraq face several challenges as aquatic environments, including pollution by various chemical agents and heavy metals. The current study deal with an analysis of the water quality of Dalmaj marsh as one of the closed aquatic environments in the middle parts of Iraq located between latitudes 32ᵒ 05′ to 32ᵒ 23′N and longitudes 45ᵒ 10′ to 45ᵒ 38′ E. The marsh is suffering from a shortage in water supply, especially during the summer. It will lead to a concentration of heavy metals that are washed and transported to the marsh from the surrounding watersheds through surface runoff. This work aims to analyze water and fish samples to assess heavy metals and their accumulated risk in fish tissues based on many indices. The 16 samples of water and nine samples of fish are collected and analyzed for concentration of heavy metals, i.e., Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn). The water analysis results indicate that Chromium (Cr) only comes below the permissible limit in water. At the same time, the composite heavy metals pollution index (HPI) identified that the water samples are varied from light pollution to malignant pollution. Regarding fish samples, three indices, i.e., BAF, EDI, and HI, are used to test the accumulated concentration of heavy metals in fish tissues and to point out their risk to consumers. The results indicate that Pb and Ni are the more hazardous metals accumulated in many fish samples with increasing fish weight, while hazard index (HI) is an additive index of all tested heavy metals, indicating concern risk from most fish samples. The study recommends testing the marsh water pollution periodically.
Using remote sensing techniques and analytical hierarchy process to select rainwater harvesting optimum sites: a case study in Ali Al-Garbi city, Iraq
Authors: Fakher Zahraa R. , Al-Mulla Sahar T. , Jassem Riaed S.
Published: October 2022

The assignment of suitable sites for water harvesting techniques is a promoted strategy to be introduced to the community, for handling the water scarcity and risk due to floods. In the eastern part of Missan, water is always hampered due to the limited availability during the drought, while floods frequently and intensely occur in the wet season. This study aimed to choose the potential and suitable sites for applied water harvesting system using remote sensing techniques and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Ali Al-Garbi city is divided into three watersheds (site1, site2, and site3), which have been characterized by flash floods that produce high quantities of runoff. The six parameters: slope, lineament density, drainage density, soil texture, rainfall, and runoff. These factors are selected based on previous studies to detect the potential zones of water harvesting system in the study area.Pairwise comparison method consistency index, consistency ratio, and parametersweight is evaluated. The result discovers that the highly probable zone is situated in the north and north-eastern portions in watershed no.1 and watershed no.2, while watershed no.3 located in the south portions. In contrast, the low to medium WH is situated in the center and south portion in watershed no.1 and watershed no.2, whereas in watershed no.3  located in the north.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 as Diagnostic Markers for COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Ismael May K. , Aldabagh Mohammed A.H. , Rasuol Lubna M.
Published: October 2022

Coronavirus 2 is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which leads to severe acute respiratory illness. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been linked to leukocyte infiltration and chemokine activation during inflammatory responses. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP) family are thought to dampen the proinflammatory effects of these MMPs. The molecular pathways of lung fibrosis are mediated by MMPs and TIMPs. In this study, we sought to investigate the probable link between MMPs, specifically MMP-3, TIMP-2, and COVID-19. The study included 58 COVID-19 patients and 30 apparently healthy individuals matched in terms of age and sex. Multiplex real- time PCR was used to detect the ORF1ab, E, and N genes of SARS-Cov-2, ELISA was used to evaluate the quantities of soluble MMP-3, TIMP-2, and C reactive protein in serum. The results showed that the serum levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-2 were noticeably higher in COVID-19 patients than healthy controls; which and was statistically significant (p <0.001). Estimation of serum MMP-3 and the inhibitor TIMP-2 may have a useful indication for COVID-19 diagnosis.
Existence, Uniqueness and Approximate Controllability of Impulsive Fractional Nonlinear Control System with Nonsingular Kernel
Authors: Naji Fadhil Abbas , Al-sharaa Iftichar
Published: October 2022

The main aim of this work is to investigate the existence and approximate controllability of mild solutions of impulsive fractional nonlinear control system with a nonsingular kernel in infinite dimensional space. Firstly, we set sufficient conditions to demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the mild solution of the control system using the Banach fixed point theorem. Further, we prove the approximate controllability of the control system using the sequence method.
Glaucoma Diagnosis Based on Retinal Fundus Image: A Review
Authors: Mahdi Hussein , El Abbadi Nidhal
Published: October 2022

Glaucoma is one of the most dangerous eye diseases. It occurs as a result of an imbalance in the drainage and flow of the retinal fluid. Consequently, intraocular pressure is generated, which is a significant risk factor for glaucoma. Intraocular pressure causes progressive damage to the optic nerve head, thus leading to vision loss in the advanced stages. Glaucoma does not give any signs of disease in the early stages, so it is called "the Silent Thief of Sight". Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of retinal eye disease is extremely important to prevent vision loss. Many articles aim to analyze fundus retinal images and diagnose glaucoma. This review can be used as a guideline to help diagnose glaucoma. It presents 63 articles related to the applications of fundus retinal analysis. Applications of the glaucomatous image classification are improving fundus images by locating and segmenting the optic disc, optic cup, fovea, and blood vessels. The study also presents datasets, metrics, and parameters that indicate the changes in retina structure and the steps and results for each paper.
Network Traffic Prediction Based on Boosting Learning
Authors: Kashmoola Mohammed A. , Ahmed Mohammed Kassim , Alsaleem Naors Y. Anad
Published: October 2022

Classification of network traffic is an important topic for network management, traffic routing, safe traffic discrimination, and better service delivery. Traffic examination is the entire process of examining traffic data, from intercepting traffic data to discovering patterns, relationships, misconfigurations, and anomalies in a network. Between them, traffic classification is a sub-domain of this field, the purpose of which is to classify network traffic into predefined classes such as usual or abnormal traffic and application type. Most Internet applications encrypt data during traffic, and classifying encrypted data during traffic is not possible with traditional methods. Statistical and intelligence methods can find and model traffic patterns that can be categorized based on statistical characteristics. These methods help determine the type of traffic and protect user privacy at the same time. To classify encrypted traffic from end to end, this paper proposes using (XGboost) algorithms, finding the highest parameters using Bayesian optimization, and comparing the proposed model with machine learning algorithms (Nearest Neighbor, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Naive Bayes, Multilayer Neural Networks) to classify traffic from end to end. Network traffic has two classifications: whether the traffic is encrypted or not, and the target application. The research results showed the possibility of classifying dual and multiple traffic with high accuracy. The proposed model has a higher classification accuracy than the other models, and finding the optimal parameters increases the model accuracy.
Cytogenetic and Cytotoxic Potentials of Borago officinalis on Albino Male Mice
Authors: Al-ezzy Ruqaya Mohammed , Alanee Rafal Shakeeb , Khalaf Hadeel Mohamed
Published: October 2022

The current study is an attempt to assess the cytogenotoxic potential of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Borago officinalis on Swiss albino male mice. Young Swiss albino mice were orally administered with leaf ethanolic extract of Borago officinalis. Three mice groups were used using different doses of plant extract (T1: 100, T2: 200, and T3:400 mg\kg) in addition to the control negative group (untreated mice) for 7 days to assess mitotic index or 28 days to assess meiotic index.  The results revealed that the extract significantly induced the division of disruptive chromosomal changes in the bone marrow and the mean of abnormality was (3.5±0.47, 4.43±0.83, and 5.83±0.96%) for T1, T2, and T3 respectively,  as well as in primary spermatocytes. It is planned that the extract might have interfered with the spindle protein or protein packing.
Fortalecimiento disciplinar una apuesta en la formación de enfermería
Authors: Hernández Sampayo Luzmila , Argote Oviedo Luz Ángela , Burbano López Margoth Consuelo , Mejía Rojas María Elena , Ocampo González Melva Patricia , Peñaloza Tello Martha Lucía , Piedrahita Sandoval Laura Elvira , Quintero Bautista Víctor Hugo
Published: October 2022

Este libro, producto de una rigurosa investigación, nace como un modo de encontrar a lo largo de la historia del programa de Enfermería los hechos que han permitido el desarrollo disciplinar y su aplicación en la formación de profesionales de enfermería, y de ese modo, crear un nuevo currículo que se adapte a las necesidades actuales de la sociedad; en el que los estudiantes puedan tener un nivel de formación de calidad y como profesionales consientes del cuidado humanizado de la salud. La obra expone la resignificación de un nuevo currículo a partir de la trayectoria del programa de Enfermería desde 1945, se profundiza en cuatro componentes orientadores del programa como el epistemológico, sociontropológico, disciplinar y pedagógico. Por supuesto, unido a las directrices del Acuerdo 025 de 2015 del Consejo Superior como la implementación de la interdisciplinariedad, transversalidad, complementariedad e integralidad. Se resalta la importancia de formar profesionales cuidadores con capacidades humanas, dominio de la ciencia y disciplina de la enfermería, con pensamiento crítico de su profesión, que actúa con responsabilidad social y compromiso ético. Así mismo, se demuestran los niveles de organización curricular con el macro currículo, meso currículo y con el micro currículo; definiendo cada uno de estos, sus objetivos y su estructura. Finalmente se logra el recuento de las estrategias de enseñanza, aprendizaje y evaluación que marcan la impronta de la reforma a partir de la reflexión del sentido de las prácticas pedagógicas de cada uno de los docentes.
Análise do anúncio publicitário do chocolate Creme de LaCreme
Authors: Campos Marcos Oliveira , Roberto Renata Marques
Published: October 2022

O presente estudo investigou o anúncio publicitário do chocolate Creme de LaCreme, pertencente a empresa Cacau Show, objetivando identificar os valores ideológicos presentes em tal propaganda. Teoricamente, fundamentou-se nos pressupostos de Alves (2008), Baudrillard (2002), Belk e Costa (1998), Bergson (1987), Carvalho (2002), Finestrali e Garrido (2010), Freitas e Silveira (2004), Garboggini (2008), Giddens (2002), Ghilardi-Lucena e Possati (2010), Kuazaqui (2012), Leschonski (2017), Lipovetsky (2000), Lüsher (1989), Nascimento e Santos (2010), Pires e Ferraz (2008), Schulz e Guedes (2014) e Vestergaard e Schroder (2000). Metodologicamente, foram analisados dois anúncios publicitários do mesmo produto veiculados na mídia: LaCreme – Je Taime Demais e LaCreme RockStar, buscando identificar, principalmente, os valores ideológicos inferidos nos mesmos. Como resultados foram apontados valores como requinte, tradição, sensualidade e sexualidade atrelados ao produto, como formas de seduzir o cliente a consumir o produto.  Finalmente, conclui-se que a presente pesquisa oferece contribuição para o estudo de anúncios publicitários em relação à linguagem verso-visual utilizadas; e, principalmente, no que diz respeito aos ideais implícitos na publicidade com o intuito de atrair o consumidor final.
A FRAGILIDADE DO IDOSO DIANTE DA PANDEMIA: A RESPONSABILIDADE COMO NORTE AXIOLÓGICO
Authors: Pagnussat Gabriel Trentini , Prandi Luiz Roberto
Published: October 2022

A pandemia gerada pelo novo Coronavírus afetou todo o globo, atingindo especialmente a população idosa. Acontece que em última instância os indivíduos buscam sua auto conservação, o que nesse contexto abre espaço para ações etaristas, preterindo assim, os direitos dos idosos.  Diante disso, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica documental, com análise reflexiva indutiva pretende-se, delinear os aspectos gerais da pandemia, apontando a crise valorativa por ela agravada, bem como afirmar o papel dos princípios normativos e discutir os direitos dos idosos frente a pandemia, traçando o papel da equidade e a responsabilidade do Estado, da sociedade e da família na proteção dessa população.  Constatou-se que o valor da vida não pode ser medido, ao contrário, é cume dos princípios sobre os quais se constroem o sistema normativo brasileiro. Onde o Estatuto do Idoso em conjunto com a Constituição elenca os direitos desses mediante a pandemia. E que a responsabilidade, tanto do Estado, quanto da sociedade e da família, pode se constituir como valor norteador no momento de crise.
RISCOS PARA DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES EM UNIVERSITÁRIOS DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE
Authors: Bortoloti Durcelina Schiavoni , Pizzi Juliana , Macedo Everaldo Varela
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Os fatores de riscos cardiovasculares têm sido muito prevalentes em adultos jovens, principalmente em acadêmicos, devido ao estilo de vida próprio desta etapa da vida e os fatores de risco que nele se associa. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência dos fatores de riscos cardiovasculares em acadêmicos dos cursos das áreas da saúde de uma universidade particular e uma pública do Sudoeste do Paraná. Métodos: Avaliou-se 578 acadêmicos matriculados nos primeiros e últimos anos das áreas da saúde. Para levantamento dos dados, foram coletados os dados de variáveis sociodemográficas, antropométricos, nível de atividade física e comportamento sedentário, pressão arterial, Índice de Massa Corporal e obesidade abdominal. As informações foram analisadas por meio de estatísticas descritivas bem como teste t de Student para analisar as diferenças entre os anos de curso. As análises foram realizadas no programa de estatística SPSS 25,0. Previamente, este projeto foi encaminhado e aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa com seres humanos da UNIPAR – Universidade Paranaense. Resultados: Não foram identificadas diferenças significantes entre a série inicial e final dos universitários avaliados. Já para os diferentes cursos podemos destacar que, o curso de medicina teve taxa alarmante nos seguintes fatores de risco: níveis de atividade física e comportamento sedentário (68,8% e 87,5% respectivamente). Observou-se que no primeiro ano o comportamento sedentário (43,4%) foi maior que anos finais. Já para os sexos, observa-se maiores prevalências para o comportamento sedentário (44%) nas mulheres e pressão arterial para os homens (82,6%). Conclusão: Os fatores de riscos cardiovasculares em acadêmicos da área da saúde encontram-se preocupantes. Esses resultados destacam a importância de considerar a distribuição dos cuidados nos desfechos de maior prevalência com a PA, tanto para estudantes de instituições públicas como privadas.
CHEMOPREVENTIVE AGENTS ON A MOUSE SKIN CARCINOGENESIS MODEL: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Silva Ana Paula , Kamchen Bruna Luiza de Graaf , Trombetta Giovana Hamerski , Silva Elizangela dos Anjos
Published: October 2022

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a non-melanoma skin cancer, with chronic sun exposure as the main risk factor. Excisional surgery is the most indicated treatment; however, patients can suffer functional, aesthetic, and psychological damage depending on the lesion site. Topical administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induce to the appearance of benign skin tumors in mice, some of which develop into SCC. This protocol has been used to analyze the effects of many chemopreventive agents that may block or inhibit the mechanisms of action of chemical carcinogenesis. We compared the effects of chemopreventive agents in an induced skin carcinogenesis animal model. In the Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE databases, we searched for manuscripts published between June 16, 2011, and June 16, 2021. We excluded studies conducted in vitro or on transgenic mice; in addition, studies without drug dosage, route of administration, or tumor incidence were excluded. We selected 26 studies and analyzed their main characteristics and the outcomes of tumorigenesis analysis. Most chemopreventive agents have shown excellent potential to inhibit the development of skin tumors. This review also discusses the standardization of studies in animal models to ensure better responses and future randomized clinical trials for cancer treatment and prevention.
ANÁLISE DA PARTICIPAÇÃO POPULAR E DAS VARIÁVEIS QUE INTERFEREM NA MESMA COM RELAÇÃO AO SUS: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Tominc Getulio Capello , Oliveira Priscila Cogo de , Ferreira Larissa Rafaela de Paula , Canoff Jessica Renata de Almeida , Azevedo Suellen Regina Geraldo , Matiussi José Ricardo , Vieira Marcelo Coelho Esperança , Boleta Ceranto Daniela de Cássia Faglioni
Published: October 2022

Para que haja um sistema de saúde eficiente, a participação da comunidade se faz essencial nesse processo, pois é direito da mesma expor suas necessidades para que novas ações relativas à saúde sejam tomadas. Nesse sentido, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) tem em sua construção espaços que são destinados a esta prática, como os Conselhos e Conferências de Saúde. Todavia ainda é notório que os cidadãos brasileiros não ocupam estes espaços de maneira efetiva. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica com o intuito de compreender os motivos que corroboram com a falta de participação da comunidade. As principais problemáticas levantadas após a pesquisa nas bases de dados foram a escassa compreensão da legislação vigente, sensação de obrigatoriedade (trabalho) e certa pressão do próprio sistema contra o cidadão. Todavia, nota-se que apesar das dificuldades, há formas de contornar essas barreiras, através da implementação de tecnologias de comunicação que facilitem o diálogo da população para com o Estado. Portanto, ainda que haja muitas dificuldades impostas no cotidiano dos cidadãos, existem formas do exercício da cidadania - participando da construção do SUS - que podem ser implementadas com o auxílio da tecnologia.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS INFECÇÕES QUE ACOMETEM O USUÁRIO NO MOMENTO DO DIAGNÓSTICO PARA O HIV/AIDS
Authors: Freitas Aleixa Nogueira de , Pinto Manoel dos Reis , Azeredo Pollyana Olímpio , Silva Erek Fonseca da , Berretta Olívia Campos Pinheiro , Gouvêa-e-Silva Luiz Fernando
Published: October 2022

Introdução: O estado do Pará, de 2009 a 2019, apresentou um aumento de 46,5% na taxa de detecção de aids. O que destaca a importância de estudos para a avaliação e acompanhamento deste público. Objetivo: Analisar as infecções que acometem os usuários de um centro de referência no momento de seu diagnóstico para a infecção pelo HIV. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, realizado em um centro de referência da cidade de Santarém, Pará. A amostra foi de 332 prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados para o HIV nos anos de 2016 e 2017. A coleta de dados buscou informações sociodemográficas, clínicas e imunológicas dos pacientes no momento do diagnóstico para a infecção pelo HIV. Os dados foram organizados e analisados por estatística descritiva e inferencial, adotando-se p<0,05. Resultados: Observou-se prevalência do sexo masculino (67%), faixa etária de 15-24 anos (32,2%), solteiros (59%), com vínculo empregatício (64,5%), contagem de linfócitos T CD4+ ?200 céls/mm3 (54,8%) e carga viral detectável (75,3%). A Candidíase (25%) e a Tuberculose (25%) predominaram como infecções oportunistas (IO), e a Sífilis (67,5%) como outras infecções. Conclusão: Conforme método proposto e os dados já informados, conclui-se que o diagnóstico para a Sífilis se associou ao sexo masculino, bem como a situação de contagem de linfócitos T CD4+ <200 céls/mm3 se associou com a presença de alguma infecção oportunista, da instalação da Candidíase e da Tuberculose.
Creation of a Provision order and local bodies for providing troops in the XVIII century .
Authors: Tkachenko Il'ya Yur'evich
Published: October 2022

The article describes the reasons for the creation of the department of centralized provision of troops, decisions taken at the stages of the formation of the Provision Order, local management bodies of the armed forces. From the very beginning, the organizational principles of the new department were also defined. This step was due to the need to centralize the supply of food to the army and navy, as well as the creation of a special management and control body for the activities of local food authorities. The article also tells about the work of the proviantmasters - the first administrators of the food department, about the activities of the Provision Commissions and their contribution to the development of the army supply system. During the formation of the Provision Order, many different decisions were made on this problem. As a result of the study, the processes that formed a new department for the Russian state were identified. The sources of the article are mainly archival materials of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA), as well as literary sources. During the creation of the Provision Service, the main tasks that the department faced, including the military, were highlighted — the formation of a provision corps, the construction of military structures, the formation of food establishments, the provision of food for troops, the formation of food warehouses and the provision of soldiers' food.
The problem of the legal status of state bodies: the history of civil thought
Authors: Dondokov Zhargal Darmaevich
Published: October 2022

The State has been a participant in economic relations since immemorial times, but it has always been expressed through a system of its organs and organizations. The modern problem of the legal status of state bodies remains relevant even after the extreme reform of civil legislation, since many aspects of such a status remain unclear to the science of civil law. One of the reasons is that the issue is at the intersection of private and public law. The author, using the comparative historical method of research, on the basis of a systematic approach, tries to establish the continuity of approaches to determining the civil status of state bodies at different stages of the development of the state and law. Thus, the author comes to the conclusion that the pre-revolutionary and Soviet stage of the development of civili law thought is characterized by the consideration of state bodies as integral parts of the entire state, in which they play the role of representatives of the latter. At the same time, with the justification in Soviet law of the formal separation of the property of state bodies from the treasury in the civil legislation of the early stage of modern Russian law, individual state bodies are given the independent status of legal entities. However, this trend is not caused either historically or formally legally. As the author shows, it is caused by an attempt to shift the Soviet system of management of socialist property to the modern conditions of a free economy, when the state acts as an equal participant in the market. In conclusion of his research, the author comes to the conclusion that the problem of the participation of state bodies in civil legal relations is rather characteristic of the modern stage of the development of civil law and is due to the desire to limit the civil liability of the state for the actions of its bodies.
Online Alışverişte Satın Alma Davranışını Anlamak: Giyim ve Teknoloji Ürünlerine Yönelik Karar Verme Tarzlarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: SAYGILI Metin , YAZICI Yahya
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmada online karar verme tarzlarının online satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Online karar verme tarzları giyim ve teknoloji ürünleri için uygulanarak bu ürün gruplarında online satın alma niyetine yönelik farklı etkilerin ortaya çıkıp çıkmadığı da incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilerek iki farklı ürün grubunu satın alan farklı sosyodemografik özelliklere sahip bireyler çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri online alışveriş yapan tüketicilerden online anket yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. 380 katılımcıya ait verilerin analiz edilmesinde doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (YEM) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin oluşturulmasında SPSS 24 YEM analizinde ise SmartPLS 3 kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar yüksek kaliteli satın alma alışkanlığı bilincine sahip tüketici, web sitesi içerik bilincine sahip tüketici ve web sitesi arayüzü bilincine sahip tüketici karar verme tarzının online satın alma niyeti üzerinde pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur (p<0.001). Sonuçlar giyim ürünlerinde yüksek kaliteli satın alma alışkanlığı bilincine sahip tüketici ve web sitesi arayüzü bilincine sahip tüketici karar verme tarzının online satın alma niyeti üzerinde etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir (p<0.05). Teknoloji ürünlerinde ise sadece web sitesi arayüzü bilincine sahip tüketici karar verme tarzının online satın alma niyeti üzerinde istatistiki açıdan anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0.05).
Risk of skin cancer in kidney, liver and heart recipients: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Sheng-Wen , Wang Wei-Ming , Chiang Chien-Ping , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Tsao Chang-Huei , Chien Wu-Chien , Hung Chih-Tsung
Published: October 2022

Background

Previous population-based studies in western countries had revealed increased skin cancer risk among transplant recipients compared to the general population. However, population-based studies in Asia on skin cancer among recipients of different transplanted organs were lacking in the literature.

Aims

This study aims to estimate skin cancer risk among recipients in Taiwan, examine the association between each specific type of skin cancer and each type of transplanted organ, and compare skin cancer risk between different immunosuppressive regimens.

Methods

This population-based retrospective cohort study identified 7550 patients with heart, lung, kidney or liver transplantation and 30,200 controls matched for gender, age and comorbidity index from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan between 2000 and 2015. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, we estimated the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the correlation of skin cancer with organ transplantation as well as immunosuppressive regimen.

Results

Organ transplant recipients in Taiwan had an increased risk of skin cancer with adjusted hazard ratios of 4.327 (95% confidence intervals 2.740-6.837, P < 0.001), with the greatest risk, observed among heart recipients (adjusted hazard ratios 6.348, 95% confidence intervals 3.080-13.088, P < 0.001). The risk of non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma was 4.473 (95% confidence intervals 2.568-7.783, P < 0.001) and 3.324 (95% confidence intervals 1.300-8.172, P < 0.001), respectively. When comparing immunosuppressants, those with calcineurin inhibitors carried the highest risk of skin cancer (adjusted hazard ratios 4.789, 95% confidence intervals 3.033-7.569, P < 0.001), followed by those with antimetabolites (adjusted hazard ratios 4.771, 95% confidence intervals 3.025-7.541, P < 0.001).

Limitations

We could not evaluate confounding behavioural risk factors of skin cancers that were not documented in the database, nor could we recognize patients’ compliance with immunosuppressants.

Conclusion

Organ recipients have a greater risk of skin cancer. Clinicians should inform recipients of the importance of photoprotection and regular dermatologic follow-up.