bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New technology for producing fibrillar fines directly from wood
Authors: Nurminen Ilkka , Saharinen Erkki , Sirviö Jari
Published: September 2022

A method for producing lignocellulosic fibrillar fines directly from moist wood through a grinding process was evaluated. The method is based on a conventional stone wood grinding process with a novel grinding stone surface structure. The grinding stone (wheel) with a surface profile serrated in the axial direction of the wheel, forces fibres to break down into fibrils instead of detaching as fibres from the wood matrix. The arrangement mimics the inclined feeding of a log against a grinding stone and is completed without any related technical difficulties. Typically over a 90% conversion rate to fines (passing the Standard Mesh 200 wire) were achieved. The characteristics of the fines were influenced by the details of the surface structures, the velocity of the grinding stones, the feeding rate of the woods, and the specific energy consumption. This method enables novel means to adjusting the structure and properties of paper and paperboard products, as well as those of novel fibre and fibre-composite products.
Hydrolysis of cationic polyacrylamide and its effect on flocculation of ground calcium carbonate
Authors: Seo Dongil , Oh Kyudeok , Im Wanhee , Lee Hak Lae
Published: September 2022

Cationic polyacrylamides (C-PAMs) have been widely used as flocculating agents to aggregate particles carrying negatively charged surfaces. This study examined the effects of hydrolysis of C-PAM on its adsorption behaviour and flocculation of negatively charged particles, specifically ground calcium carbonate (GCC). C-PAM hydrolysis was examined using polyelectrolyte titration and ion chromatography, while the adsorption behaviour of the polymer was monitored using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). Laser diffraction spectroscopy was used to measure the size of the GCC aggregates under neutral and alkaline conditions. The charge density measurements and ion chromatograms indicated that the hydrolysis of C-PAM was accelerated with increased pH and temperature. The QCM-D measurements of hydrolysed C-PAMs, adsorbed on a substrate with a flat and rigid structure, indicated that hydrolysis of C-PAM suppressed its ability to cause inter-particle bridging flocculation, which reduced the aggregate size of GCC.
Improvement of wood densification process via enhancing steam diffusion, distribution, and evaporation
Authors: Fang Chang-Hua , Cloutier Alain , Jiang Z-Hui , He Jia-Zhong , Fei Ben-Hua
Published: September 2022

Mechanical densification treatments make it possible to increase the density of low- or moderate-density woods, and thus a high mechanical strength of densified wood and high-value products can be obtained. The authors’ previous treatments showed that the diffusion and distribution of steam and the release of vapor inside densified wood were prevented to some extent during thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) densification, causing the occurrence of protrusions, carbonization, blisters, and blows. This study aimed to overcome these problems. Based on the authors’ previous THM densification, different materials, such as fabric, metal mesh, metal foam, and sintered metal mesh laminate (SMML), were used to improve the process. Densification was tested on different wood species. The results showed that SMML was the preferable material for THM densification through enhancing diffusion and distribution of steam, and evaporation of moisture inside wood. No protrusion, carbonization, blisters, or blows were found after densification with SMMLs. The densified wood specimens showed uniform color and a neat surface.
An overview of Potyviruses infecting daffodil and their disease management
Authors: Raj Rashmi , Kumar Susheel , Chauhan Puneet Singh , Raj Shri Krishna
Published: September 2022

Daffodil (Narcissus tazetta L.) is a bulbous ornamental plant which belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. It is popular for sweet-smelling beautiful flowers and is used for the fragrant oil and perfumes. It is also a source of alkaloids used in traditional medicines. Daffodil is commercially important ornamental plant, therefore, it is important to maintain its quality and production. Various type of viruses affect daffodil cultivation and among them, potyviruses are of great concern as they cause more economic losses to its commercial cultivation in term of reduction in bulb size, number of bulbs and the quality of daffodil flowers. In this review, a general overview of daffodils, genus Potyvirus, disease symptoms in daffodils linked to potyvirus infection, potyviruses described in daffodils, Potyvirus identification methods and possible management strategies of potyviruses in daffodil cultivation are described in detail. The study will be helpful to daffodil growers for improvement of the production/yield and quality of daffodil crop.
Motivational brief interventions for adolescents and young adults with Internet use disorders: A randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Schmidt Hannah , Brandt Dominique , Meyer Christian , Bischof Anja , Bischof Gallus , Trachte Anika , Besser Bettina , Orlowski Svenja , Schlossarek Samantha , Borgwardt Stefan , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen
Published: September 2022

Background

Adolescents and young adults (AYA) have an increased risk for Internet use disorders (IUD) compared to older individuals that may lead to functional impairments in daily life. To date, evidence-based brief interventions are lacking. This study aimed to test the efficacy of a low-threshold counseling approach based on Motivational Interviewing (MI) in a vocational school setting.

Methods

Of 8.230 vocational students (age M=20.56, SD=4.68; 51.85% female) being proactively screened for IUD, 937 with positive screenings took part in telephone-based diagnostic interviews. IUD were assessed in line with the criteria of the Internet Gaming Disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Readiness to change, self-efficacy, and impairments in daily life were additionally assessed with standardized screening instruments. Participants fulfilling at least two IUD criteria were randomized to the intervention group (n=240, up to three MI-based counseling sessions via telephone) or the control group (n=257, information brochure on responsible Internet use). Follow-up interviews were conducted after five and ten months. The primary outcome was the reduction of IUD criteria. Secondary outcomes were improvements of readiness/ self-efficacy to change and the reduction of daily impairments. Data were analyzed with Intention-to-Treat (ITT) and complier average causal effect (CACE) analyses.

Results

Overall, 153 (63.75%) individuals assigned to the intervention group participated at least in one counseling session (=compliers). Both groups reduced the number of IUD criteria over time. In ITT analyses, however, we did not find intervention effects for primary and secondary outcomes. Bayes statistics were inconclusive. Based on low participation rates in the intervention group, explorative CACE analyses were conducted to compare compliers in the intervention group to potential compliers in the control group. Again, we did not find intervention effects apart from improvements in self-efficacy after five months.

Discussion

Telephone-based counseling seems not appropriate to address AYA at risk for IUD. Low participation rates in the intervention group caused underpowered analyses. Besides, dealing with the own Internet use during intensive assessments and receiving an information brochure led to behavioral changes also in the control group. Since the efficacy of brief interventions under the condition of higher participation rates cannot be fully ruled out, further research is required by taking the implications of this study into account.
Psychedelics and mindfulness: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Radakovic Chelsea , Radakovic Ratko , Peryer Guy , Geere Jo-Anne
Published: September 2022

Background and aims

The benefits of classic serotonergic psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca) are becoming more widely known with the resurgence in research in the past decade. Furthermore, the benefits of mindfulness are well documented. However, no systematic reviews have examined linkage of mindfulness and psychedelics use. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the link between psychedelics and characteristics of mindfulness.

Methods

We conducted a systematic search across multiple databases, inclusive of grey literature and backwards/forward-citation tracking, on the 18 January 2021. The search strategy included terms relating to mindfulness and psychedelics, with no restriction on clinical or non-clinical conditions. Study quality was assessed. An exploratory random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on pre-post mindfulness data relative to psychedelic ingestion.

Results

Of 1805 studies screened, 13 were included in the systematic review. There was substantial variability in participant characteristics, psychedelic administration method and measurement of mindfulness. The ingestion of psychedelics is associated with an increase in mindfulness, specifically relating to domains of acceptance, which encompasses non-judgement of inner experience and non-reactivity. The meta-analysis of a subset of studies (N = 6) showed small effects overall relative to ayahuasca ingestion, increasing mindfulness facets of non-judgement of inner experience and non-reactivity, as well as acting with awareness.

Conclusions

Further methodologically robust research is needed to elucidate the relationship between psychedelics and mindfulness. However, mindfulness and specific facets relating to acceptance have been shown to increase following ingestion of psychedelics in a number of studies.
An analysis of the professional insertion of Administration course graduates in Brazil
Authors: Moraes Jhony P. , Wissmann Alexandre D. M. , Jeremias Junior Jair , Andrade Arthur G. M.
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the professional insertion process of Administration and Public Administration course graduates in Brazil, with ages ranging from 18 to 36, who graduated after 2011. Originality/value: As the main contribution of the study, it is possible to highlight the contingent of well-qualified professionals that are unemployed or in informal and often underoccupied jobs, indicating the expansion of non-qualifying job insertion. Thus, as a widespread problem which cuts across different ages, classes, genders, races, and ethnicities, this aggravating factor in the labor market falls mainly on individuals with higher education that are working jobs below their skill and education levels. Design/methodology/approach: This study has a quantitative, non-probabilistic, non-experimental, transversal, and descriptive approach. Data collection began in September 2018 and ended in November 2018. The sample consisted of 847 cases, divided by regions: 344 from Southeast, 244 from South, 163 from Northeast, 56 from Midwest, and 40 from North. Findings: It is worth noting that 73% of the respondents did not spend more than one year to professionally enter into the labor market, 20% of graduates are in positions with less than undergraduate education requirements, and 16.6% are not working. In addition, despite being well qualified, the investigated professionals share a structurally fragile occupational scenario, especially about the types of employment contracts practiced, regardless of their sociodemographic characteristics.
Sentidos do trabalho, vínculos organizacionais e engajamento: proposição de um modelo teórico integrado
Authors: Costa Silas Dias Mendes , Paiva Kely César Martins de , Rodrigues Andrea Leite
Published: September 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo consiste em avançar nas possibilidades de teorização sobre sentidos do trabalho, vínculos organizacionais - comprometimento, entrincheiramento e consentimento - e engajamento com base na articulação desses construtos num modelo integrativo. Para tanto, parte-se do pressuposto de que os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho é uma variável antecedente a comprometimento, entrincheiramento, consentimento e engajamento no trabalho. Essa proposição é considerada oportuna e contributiva no campo teórico, uma vez que permite identificar possíveis associações entre os construtos, o que ajuda a compreender determinados comportamentos no trabalho. Após a análise das relações entre os conceitos, apresenta-se uma proposta de modelo integrada, ainda não testada empiricamente. Por fim, sugere-se uma agenda de pesquisas.
Meaning of work, organizational ties, and engagement: proposing an integrated theoretical model
Authors: Costa Silas Dias Mendes , Paiva Kely César Martins de , Rodrigues Andrea Leite
Published: September 2022

Abstract This article aims to advance the possibilities of theorization about the meanings of work, organizational bonds (commitment, entrenchment, and consent), and engagement by connecting these constructs in an integrative model. Therefore, it is assumed that the meanings attributed to work are an antecedent variable to commitment, entrenchment, consent, and work engagement. This proposition is considered timely and contributes to the theoretical field as it allows identifying possible associations between the constructs, which helps to understand certain behaviors at work. After analyzing the relationships between the concepts, an integrated model proposal is presented, not yet empirically tested. Finally, a research agenda is suggested.
Aproximações entre a metodologia da investigação temática e a abordagem decolonial: uma proposta para a área dos Estudos Organizacionais
Authors: Silva Vanessa Faria , Wanderley Sergio
Published: September 2022

Resumo As denúncias promovidas pela abordagem decolonial a respeito de práticas coloniais que permaneceram e permanecem ativas, mesmo depois do fim oficial do colonialismo, assim como a crítica que esta abordagem faz à universalidade do pensamento, contribuem para o avanço do conhecimento. Por outro lado, existe na abordagem decolonial uma lacuna sobre quais são as possibilidades metodológicas mais coerentes a serem utilizadas em pesquisas decoloniais. Diante disso, buscamos contribuir para a ampliação do processo de escolha de abordagens metodológicas em pesquisas da área dos Estudos Organizacionais (EOR), que sejam, epistemologicamente, alinhadas à abordagem decolonial, ou seja, que respeitem a pluriversalidade de seres, saberes e territórios. Para isso, apontamos a investigação temática1 como uma possibilidade de metodologia alinhada à abordagem decolonial. Por fim, apresentamos um exemplo de planejamento metodológico para uma pesquisa na perspectiva decolonial, da área dos EOR, que utilizará como metodologia a investigação temática. Concluímos apontando que a investigação temática é uma perspectiva muito alinhada à abordagem decolonial, uma vez que respeita o ser e o território, mas não deve ser adotada sem prévia reflexão crítica, ou seja, como uma fórmula.
Construction and validation of a corruption perception scale at the citizen level
Authors: Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Visentini Monize Sâmara , Cunha Ricardo Teixeira
Published: September 2022

Abstract The study described the creation and validation of the Corruption Perception Scale (CPS), which assesses how citizens perceive corruption. In a qualitative step, the instrument was evaluated by experts, followed by a pre-test. In the quantitative step, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed, totaling a sample of 1,075 cases. Finally, a methodology for the application of CPS was suggested. The final structure of the measure was composed of five dimensions at the individual level (knowledge, behavior, reflexes, control, and attitude), which position the citizen as the protagonist in the analysis of the phenomenon.
Capacidades dinâmicas para gestão de stakeholders
Authors: Valle Carine Dalla , Sarturi Greici
Published: September 2022

Resumo Há uma ampla gama de capacidades dinâmicas que podem ser usadas pelas empresas para melhorar seu desempenho num ambiente dinâmico e competitivo. A fim de contribuir para essa questão, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as capacidades dinâmicas relacionadas com a gestão de stakeholders. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática em artigos publicados na base de dados Web of Science. Os resultados agregam na literatura e na prática de gestão ao indicarem 11 capacidades dinâmicas para o gerenciamento dos stakeholders. Essas capacidades são conceituadas conforme a literatura, e apresentam-se rotinas e formas de elas serem desenvolvidas. A segunda contribuição da pesquisa se refere à discussão de quais capacidades têm maior ou menor potencial para criar vantagem competitiva. Por fim, a pesquisa propõe um modelo para análise da influência das capacidades dinâmicas entre si e sua relação com a vantagem competitiva das empresas.
Dynamic capabilities for stakeholder management
Authors: Valle Carine Dalla , Sarturi Greici
Published: September 2022

Abstract Companies can use a wide range of dynamic capabilities to improve their performance in a dynamic and competitive environment. This study aims to analyze which dynamic capabilities are related to stakeholder management. A systematic review was carried out on articles published in the Web of Science database. The results contribute to management literature and practice by indicating eleven dynamic capabilities for stakeholder management. According to the literature, these capacities are conceptualized, and routines and ways of developing are presented. The second contribution of the research refers to discussing which capabilities have a greater or lesser potential for creating a competitive advantage. Finally, this research proposes a model for analyzing the influence of dynamic capabilities on each other and their relationship with the competitive advantage of companies.
Educação Estética e Mediação de Leitura de Imagem: Um Estudo com Crianças ,
Authors: Francez Letícia , Neitzel Adair de Aguiar
Published: September 2022

Resumo Este estudo busca refletir sobre a relação entre mediação de leitura de imagem e educação estética, cuja metodologia é a Pesquisa Educacional Baseada em Arte (Peba). Os dados foram produzidos em um encontro de mediação para crianças de 6 a 7 anos de idade, com a participação do artista Marcelo Urizar. O estudo baseia-se nas discussões de Martins sobre mediação cultural, de Duarte e Schiller sobre educação estética e de Heidegger e de Larrosa sobre o conceito de experiência. Entre algumas percepções, compreende-se que, quando a mediação é dialógica, de forma a propor a nutrição estética e a fruição, as possibilidades de educação estética e de ressignificação para o sujeito amplificam-se.
Aesthetic Education and Image Reading Mediation: A Study with Children ,
Authors: Francez Letícia , Neitzel Adair de Aguiar
Published: September 2022

Abstract This study seeks to reflect on the relationship between the image reading mediation and aesthetic education, whose methodology is the Art-Based Educational Research (PEBA). We collected data in a mediation encounter between 6 and 7-year-old children with artist Marcelo Urizar. We based the study is based on Martins’ discussions on cultural mediation; Duarte and Schiller on aesthetic education; and Heidegger and Larrosa on the concept of experience. Among some perceptions, we understand that, when mediation is dialogical, proposing aesthetic nutrition and fruition, the possibilities of aesthetic education and resignification for the subject are amplified.
Provável sarcopenia e obesidade em mulheres com incontinência urinária no climatério
Authors: Silva Roberta Luana da Conceição de Araújo , Pinto Sara Vasconcelos de Oliveira , Nascimento Simony Lira do , Moreira Mayle Andrade
Published: September 2022

Resumo Introdução: Sarcopenia e obesidade têm relação com diversas condições de saúde. Poucos estudos, entretanto, têm analisado a presença destas condições em mulheres incontinentes no climatério, e não está claro se existe associação destas com a gravidade da incontinência urinária (IU). Objetivo: Analisar provável sarcopenia, sarcopenia e obesidade em mulheres com diferentes gravidades de IU na fase do climatério e a associação da sarcopenia com a gravidade da IU. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em maternidade pública do nordeste do Brasil, em mulheres com IU a partir de 40 anos. Foram avaliadas questões sociodemográficas, histórico uroginecológico, gravidade da IU (Incontinence Severity Index - ISI), força de preensão e medidas antropométricas (circunferência abdominal e índice de massa corporal - IMC). Foram analisadas médias e desvios-padrão, frequências absolutas e relativas, teste T e exato de Fisher (significância de 5%). Resultados: Amostra de 177 mulheres com média de 56,3 (± 9,7) anos. Sobre a IU, 69 (39,0%) mulheres apresentavam IU mista e 53,1% gravidade moderada. Apenas 18,1% apresentavam IMC normal, 46,8% obesidade geral e 80,3% obesidade abdominal. Provável sarcopenia (baixa força) foi observada em 35 (20%) mulheres e sarcopenia em 3,4%. Mulheres com IU grave ou muito grave apresentaram menor força de preensão (p = 0,02) e maior IMC (p = 0,04). A sarcopenia foi associada à maior gravidade de IU (p = 0,005). Conclusão: Observou-se provável sarcopenia e maior IMC em mulheres com maior gravidade de IU e associação da sarcopenia com a maior gravidade de IU. São necessárias medidas preventivas quanto a tais condições, evitando futuras complicações.
Alterações musculoesquelética, cardiorrespiratória, antropométrica e sensorial após cirurgia de câncer de mama
Authors: Simões Izabella Martinello de Oliveira , Barrile Silvia Regina , Gimenes Camila , Bortolli Thainá Tolosa de , Conti Marta Helena de , Martinelli Bruno
Published: September 2022

Resumo Introdução: O câncer de mama é a segunda neoplasia maligna mais encontrada entre as mulheres, sendo a intervenção cirúrgica um dos tratamentos preconizados, o que pode acarretar sequelas físicas e sensoriais importantes. Objetivo: Analisar as funções musculoes-queléticas, cardiorrespiratórias, antropométricas e sensoriais de mulheres submetidas ao procedimento cirúrgico para neoplasia mamária. Métodos: Estudo observacional e transversal com mulheres que realizaram procedimento cirúrgico para ressecção de neoplasia mamária assistidas no interior paulista, Jaú/SP. Foram realizadas três avaliações: pré-cirurgia (AV1), um dia (AV2) e 15 dias após a cirurgia (AV3). Foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas e ginecológicas e realizadas avaliações antropométrica, cardiovascular, sensibilidade dérmica, amplitude de movimento (ADM) dos membros superiores, saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), força muscular inspiratória (PImax), pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE) e mobilidade toracoabdominal. Os dados foram avaliados pelo teste estatístico ANOVA de medidas repetidas e Wilcoxon com correção de Bonferroni (p < 0,05). Resultados: Dezoito mulheres, de 57,44 ± 9,35 anos, tiveram o lado esquerdo mais acometido (61,1%) e a linfonodectomia foi realizada em 50% dos casos. Houve diferenças nas variáveis pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, PFE e SpO2, índice de amplitude axilar (AV1>AV2), PImax (AV3>AV2), perimetria (AV2>AV3), ADM em todos os eixos de movimento do ombro e em flexão de punho (AV2AV2 e AV1). Conclusão: A cirurgia para exerese de neoplasia mamária acarretou alterações principalmente hemodinâmicas e respiratórias, sobremaneira no primeiro dia após a cirurgia, retornando aos valores basais aproxi-madamente 15 dias após o procedimento.
On agreement-drop in Singlish: topics never agree
Authors: Lee Si Kai
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the distribution and properties of agreement-drop constructions in Singlish, which are distinguished by the absence of overt subject agreement morphology. I demonstrate that these constructions are distinct from their minimally different fully-agreeing counterparts in that they (i) bleed object topicalisation, (ii) block the extraction of adjuncts which are lower in the structure, (iii) are scopally frozen, (iv) are unable to be embedded under regret-class predicates, and (v) impose a specificity condition on their subjects. I argue that these properties rule out prior characterisations of the alternation as the output of free variation in the PF. On the basis that agreement-drop constructions in Singlish consistently parallels topicalisation structures cross-linguistically, I sketch a syntactic account that unifies the two constructions within the syntax.
Active Travel in Rural New Zealand: A Study of Rural Adolescents’ Perceptions of Walking and Cycling to School
Authors: Hopkins Debbie , García Bengoechea Enrique , Coppell Kirsten , Spence John C , Mandic Sandra
Published: September 2022

Background: Walking and cycling to school have been extensively studied in urban settings, whereas data from rural areas remain sparse. This study examined perceptions of walking and cycling to school amongst adolescents living within 4.8 km of school in rural New Zealand. Methods: Adolescents (n=62; 53.2% females; 15.6±1.5 years; five schools) residing and attending a secondary school in a rural settings (population <1,000) completed an online survey about their perceptions of walking and cycling to school. Home-to-school distance was calculated using Geographic Information Systems shortest network path analysis. Results: Overall, 73% of adolescents walked and 11% cycled to school. Compared to cycling, adolescents reported a greater desire (57% vs 26%) and intention (74% vs 13%) to walk to school, and perceived more support from friends (37% vs 30%), parents (81% vs 40%), and schools (61% vs 34%) (all p<0.001). Adolescents also reported better physical infrastructure (presence/availability of footpaths vs cycle lanes) for walking versus cycling to school (86% vs 36%, p<0.001). Over 95% of adolescents perceived both walking and cycling to school as safe. Conclusions:Compared to cycling, walking to school was a more common and preferred transport mode, with greater social support and physical infrastructure, whereas both modes were perceived to be safe by rural adolescents living within 4.8 km of their school. The findings suggest that supportive social and built environments appear to encourage walking to school in rural areas. Mode-specific approaches may be required to encourage cycling to school for rural adolescents.
Ethical problems in pediatric cardiology
Authors: Jurko T , Jurko A , Mešťaník M , Minarik M , Zibolen M
Published: September 2022

The authors discuss new ethical problems associated with the use of modern diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in pediatric cardiology. They underline the role of pediatric cardiologists in the process of approaching specific ethical problems. In the assessment of specific medical problems, authors pay greater attention to ethical principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence, which continue to be problematic areas in pediatric cardiology.
Hamstring muscle architecture assessed sonographically using wide field of view: a reliability study v1
Authors: Cronin Kevin
Published: September 2022

Hamstring injuries are very common in field sports. Muscle architecture has been suggested as a risk factor for hamstring strain injury. Various medical imaging techniques (Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasound) have been developed to assess muscle architecture. Ultrasound is often used to assess in vivo hamstring muscle architecture. The architecture of the hamstring muscles often extends outside the ultrasounds field of view. Previous ultrasound techniques used often generate questionable results. This study aims to describe the reliability of large field of view ultrasound and test – retest minimum detectable difference of the hamstring muscles
FLORY-HUGGINS INTERACTION PARAMETER FOR PVA-WATER IN HYDROGELS PREPARED BY TWO METHODS: FREEZING/THAWING AND CROSSLINKING WITH CITRIC ACID
Authors: Gartner Vargas Carmiña
Published: September 2022

PVA hydrogels are largely used for biomedical applications due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and suitable mechanical strength. These hydrogels can be synthetized by several methods. In this work hydrogels were obtained by two methods, freezing/thawing, and crosslinking with citric acid. The degree of swelling for both types of hydrogels was in the range of 60-70% which corresponds to a medium degree of swelling. Young’s modulus measurements gave values in the range of 0.20 to 4.00 MPa, which are proper values for tissue regeneration or wound healing applications. Crosslinking degree was found to be higher for the freezing/thawing hydrogels, in agreement with a lower percentage of hydration and a higher modulus. By means of the Flory-Rehner model, the interaction parameter (χ) of PVA - water was calculated. This value depends on the availability of OH groups in the polymer. The highest value of c was found for the hydrogels crosslinked with citric acid, revealing that their water-polymer interactions are weaker than those occurring in freezing/thawing hydrogels, which has more available OH groups. However, values higher than 0.5 were found for both types of hydrogels, indicating insolubility in water; therefore, these values imply mechanical stability in aqueous solutions for a relative long time. It is concluded that freezing/thawing is a more reproducible method, which allows the modulation of the crosslinking degree, perhaps, the most important parameter to be controlled.
Hannah Arendt y la República de Weimar: una relación oculta
Authors: Sánchez Muñoz Cristina
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo muestra las relaciones de Hannah Arendt con la República de Weimar a través de su obra. Aunque no hay referencias explícitas a la República, se mantiene la tesis de una presencia implícita —una relación oculta— que se muestra en la tematización de relevantes aspectos del análisis arendtiano. En este sentido, se ofrece un análisis en primer lugar de las influencias filosóficas del contexto de Weimar, especialmente de su maestro Jaspers. A continuación, se examinan los problemas que arrastraba la República de Weimar: la cuestión judía y el declive del Estado nación. Ambos problemas desembocan en la falta de solución a los derechos de las minorías. Por último, se exponen las ideas de Arendt sobre los consejos populares como sistema político, presente en el nacimiento de la República, pero también en otros momentos históricos, así como en otras tradiciones políticas. El trabajo acaba señalando la apuesta federalista de Arendt, conectada a los consejos populares.
(Falta de) controle do desmatamento na Amazônia brasileira: do fortalecimento ao desmantelamento da autoridade governamental (1999-2020)
Authors: Fonseca Igor Ferraz da , Lindoso Diego Pereira , Bursztyn Marcel
Published: September 2022

As políticas de controle do desmatamento na Amazônia brasileira têm recuado nos últimos anos. Este artigo analisa a trajetória dessas políticas entre 1999 e 2020, na busca por compreender como e porque a capacidade regulatória do Estado evoluiu e, recentemente, foi desmantelada. Esta pesquisa se baseia em uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando as taxas de desmatamento como ponto de referência e compilando as principais regulamentações florestais em nível federal em uma linha do tempo que cobre a ascensão e a queda dessas políticas. As conclusões mostram que, entre 1999 e 2012, a trajetória institucional seguiu um padrão de desenvolvimento de capacidades. No entanto, esse padrão foi invertido a partir de 2013. A partir de 2019, está em curso um processo de desmantelamento ativo, marcado por uma nova onda de desmatamento e por uma notável redução na densidade das políticas florestais.
Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) como Instrumento de Política de Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Territórios Rurais:
Authors: Moraes Jorge Luiz Amaral de
Published: September 2022

Visando contribuir para o debate em torno do papel dos programas de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) para o desenvolvimento sustentável, este trabalho tem como objetivo principal identificar o potencial do PSA como instrumento de políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento sustentável dos territórios rurais. O texto apresenta uma breve revisão teórica sobre PSA, as principais características de alguns programas brasileiros de PSA e a apresentação e perspectivas do projeto Protetor das Águas, que vem sendo executado no município de Vera Cruz-RS, com o objetivo de contribuir para a proteção das nascentes da sub-bacia do Arroio Andreas, remunerando os agricultores familiares. Apesar do estágio ainda inicial, as expectativas em relação ao projeto são muito otimistas, pois a maioria dos proprietários familiares da sub-bacia tem demonstrado interesse em participar do projeto. Os programas de PSAs contribuem para o desenvolvimento sustentável dos territórios rurais porque abrem espaços para a formação e expansão de sistemas produtivos agroecológicos e turísticos, podendo gerar renda e oportunidades de trabalho nesses territórios.
processo de comercialização do turismo de base comunitária no Brasil:
Authors: Bursztyn Ivan , Bartholo Roberto
Published: September 2022

O turismo de base comunitária (TBC) vem se consolidando na última década no Brasil como um modo de organização do turismo na escala local. No entanto, muito ainda precisa ser feito para que realize todo o seu potencial em prol do desenvolvimento social das comunidades locais. Neste trabalho, buscamos discutir a questão de acesso ao mercado, apontada por alguns estudos como fundamental para a sustentabilidade econômica dos empreendimentos comunitários. Partimos da análise de alguns documentos e pesquisas, nacionais e internacionais, para delinearmos diretrizes estratégicas para o processo de comercialização de iniciativas e roteiros de TBC.
Implementando Pagamentos por Serviços Ambientais no Brasil:
Authors: Eloy Ludivine , Coudel Emilie , Toni Fabiano
Published: September 2022

O texto analisa a evolução das políticas e programas de Pagamentos por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) no Brasil e discute as implicações dos modelos preponderantes para a conciliação entre conservação e desenvolvimento. Os PSA emergiram de iniciativas de diversificação produtiva e de transição agroecológica. Entretanto, sua institucionalização em politicas públicas favorece a convergência para medidas de restrição de uso da terra e de restauração florestal. Essa mudança está ligada a: 1) a ênfase dada pelo governo Ã s medidas de controle do desmatamento, 2) as expectativas de financiamentos por REDD e 3) as perspectivas de inclusão dos PSA no Código Florestal. Ela é reforçada pelo uso preponderante de satélites para o monitoramento dos projetos, o que produz um sistema binário de representação da paisagem. Isso justifica modelos convencionais de intensificação da agricultura e de proteção da natureza que não levam em conta atividades agropecuárias provedoras de serviços ambientais. Assim, o ingresso dos agricultores nos programas de PSA depende, mais do que nunca, do seu acesso Ã s redes e cientifico-técnicas que estruturam os arranjos institucionais locais.
Valoração de serviços ecossistêmicos:
Authors: Andrade Daniel Caixeta , Romeiro Ademar Ribeiro
Published: September 2022

O objetivo principal deste artigo é contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento metodológico do processo de valoração dos serviços ecossistêmicos. A hipótese básica adotada foi de que esta deve contar com a utilização da ferramenta de modelagem econômico-ecológica como requisito básico para compreensão da dinâmica ecológica envolvida e a incorporação dos valores de outros serviços ecossistêmicos que de outra maneira não seriam captados. Enquanto ferramenta importante de gestão, é preciso se avançar em termos de propostas para o aperfeiçoamento da valoração de serviços ecossistêmicos, de forma a contornar seu viés reducionista. É neste sentido que o presente trabalho apresenta como contribuição maior a proposta da valoração econômico-ecológica, a qual visa integrar a valoração stricto sensu Ã  análise mais geral das alterações nos fluxos físicos de serviços ecossistêmicos (avaliação ecossistêmica) e seus efeitos sobre as variáveis econômicas.
Política Territorial Brasileira:
Authors: Grando Raquel Lopes Sinigaglia Caribé
Published: September 2022

Nesta entrevista, a Professora Tânia Bacelar de Araújo, uma das mais importantes especialistas no País em políticas públicas voltadas para o desenvolvimento territorial no meio rural, aborda o enfoque territorial de políticas públicas para a superação da pobreza em áreas rurais e analisa o papel de programas governamentais voltados ao tema.
Desafios da Agricultura no Semiárido Brasileiro
Authors: Nasuti Stéphanie , Eiró Flávio , Lindoso Diego
Published: September 2022

Esta galeria é fruto de dois anos de pesquisas de campo conduzidas no Semiárido nordestino. Entre 2011 e 2013, cerca de 1,140 mil produtores rurais familiares foram entrevistados nos estados da Bahia, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Piauí e Ceará (ver mapa) pela equipe de Desenvolvimento Regional e Mudanças Climáticas da Rede Brasileira de Mudanças Cimaticas - Rede Clima.
Bioactivation of Legacy Phosphorus in Calcareous Soil and its Impact on Maize Yield
Authors: Aswitha K. , Malarvizhi P. , Chitdeshwari T. , Lakshmanan A. , Kalarani M.K.
Published: September 2022

Background: Over the years, the excessive P fertilizer application to crop fields resulted in the build up of insoluble phosphorus pool in soil known as legacy phosphorus. This represents a vast and largely untapped resource in soil. The current study was conducted to evaluate the potential of some P activators (Phosphorus solubilising bacteria, phytase, humic acid, farmyard manure) on increasing the plant availability of legacy P in calcareous soil. Methods: A field experiment was conducted with maize hybrid COH(M) 6. The P activators were combined and applied along with the different doses of P fertilizer (100%, 75% and 50% soil test dose of single super phosphate). Result: Farmyard Manure (FYM) application with Humic acid (HA) showed the increased Olsen P under 100% and 75% of P application. The phosphorus activation response of FYM+HA applied plots showed a higher value than other treatments. The maize yield and P uptake obtained with FYM and HA were statistically comparable at 100% and 75% soil test dose of P. The findings have illustrated that even the reduced amount of P fertilizer application can support the crop growth due to the release of legacy P if they are applied along with P- activators such as FYM and HA.
Fingerprinting of Volatile Organic Compounds as an Advance Technology to Assess the Seed Quality of Groundnut Through Correlation and Principal Component Analysis Method
Authors: Chinnasamy G.P. , Sundareswaran S. , Raja K. , Renganayaki P.R. , Subramaniyan K.S. , Marimuthu S. , Pradeep D.
Published: September 2022

Background: Groundnut seeds are highly sensitive to deterioration mainly due to their chemical composition and moisture content. The high oil content and fatty acids of groundnut seeds reduces the seed viability well in advance due to lipid peroxidation process, which is the most frequent cause of seed ageing. As a result, not only lipid peroxidation, but also a series of reactions that produce toxic products occur. Stored seeds produce increased level of volatile organic compounds that leads to seed deterioration. Methods: The experiment was conducted to profile volatile organic compounds emitted from groundnut seeds during storage and also to analysis the volatile organic compounds through correlation and principal component analysis method. Volatile organic compounds profiling of stored groundnut seeds was done through Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The air sample was taken at monthly intervals from the glass bottle using solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) method. Result: The results of the study clearly demonstrated that, totally 52 volatile compounds comprising of 10 alcohols, 5 aldehydes, 15 acids, 9 esters, 7 alkanes, 3 alkenes, 2 ketones and 1 ether were trapped in stored groundnut seeds. Finally the study concluded that ethanol, 1-butanol, 1-hexanol, acetaldehyde, hexanal, Nonenal, 9,12,15-octadecatrionic acid, acetic acid and 3-methyl acetate were found to be highly negatively correlated with seed germination.
Hacia un plan de mercadeo para unidades de información
Authors: Téllez Tolosa Luis Roberto , Vallejo Sierra Ruth Helena
Published: September 2022

Esta guía pretende mostrar de manera práctica y contextualizada la metodología de aplicación de las herramientas propias del mercadeo a las unidades de información, entendiendo por estas las bibliotecas, los archivos, los museos, los centros de documentación y los centros de referencia que requieren realizar planes estratégicos para garantizar una mayor eficiencia en el manejo de los recursos y consolidarlas como organizaciones orientadas hacia el futuro en función de sus clientes/usuarios. Para ello se consideró indispensable enmarcar conceptualmente el mercadeo en las unidades de información, buscando precisar cuál es su importancia y la necesidad de ser implementado, pero, sobre todo, generando un fundamento teórico con el cual las personas responsables de un servicio o de una unidad de información se deben familiarizar. Cualquier proceso de planeación estratégica, como lo es un plan de mercadeo, indudablemente responde a esquemas de cierta manera obvios en cualquier proceso de planeación, como identificar y caracterizar cuál es la situación actual y qué es lo que se quiere o a dónde se intenta llegar. El capítulo correspondiente pretende presentar algunas herramientas e instrumentos de fácil aplicación que permitan conocer tanto el entorno interno como externo dentro del cual se desenvuelve la unidad de información.
Resignificar la globalización
Authors: Neira Sánchez Fabio Orlando
Published: September 2022

La globalización ha venido constituyéndose en la historia con un despliegue de apuestas teóricas tan diversas como los horizontes desde donde pueden avistar tan complejas como la red de relaciones y tensiones que su advenimiento ha suscitado. Este libro presenta un ejercicio de reflexión en el que distintos autores asumen perspectivas diversas, con el fin de propiciar un diálogo crítico y constructivo que busca, en el clima abierto de la globalización, reconocer conceptos, problemas, caminos y horizontes posibles que se evidencian y que pueden hacer viable una nueva conciencia, sobre todo ante los riesgos que se pueden correr en ella.
Territorio, crecimiento y poder político en la historia económica de Colombia
Authors: Pico Bonilla Claudia Milena
Published: September 2022

El tránsito de Colombia hacia estadios avanzados de desarrollo ha sido irregular a lo largo de su historia. En términos económicos, dicha irregularidad reposa en problemas que en la literatura han sido catalogados como estructurales. ¿Cuáles son esos problemas estructurales? ¿Cómo aproximarse a ellos? ¿Cómo estudiarlos y ofrecer respuestas sobre su naturaleza? ¿Con qué herramientas contamos para su estudio? El objetivo de estos apuntes de clase es estudiar desde una perspectiva histórica los problemas estructurales de la economía colombiana. Para el logro de este objetivo se propone un cambio en la metodología de estudio de la historia económica nacional. Ya no se tratará de una aproximación en la que los hechos son narrados linealmente y en la que se describe el funcionamiento de la economía en distintos momentos -partiendo de la economía colonial y llegando a las últimas décadas del siglo XX-, sino que se adoptará un enfoque por problemas. El propósito de adoptar este tipo de metodología es que el estudiante comprenda las principales problemáticas del país desde una perspectiva histórica y no que se convierta en el depositario de una serie de hechos cuya interrelación desconoce.
The Unintended Consequences of Economic Sanctions
Authors: Herbert George
Published: September 2022

Economic sanctions are associated with a range of adverse effects, with variable levels of supporting evidence for different kinds of negative consequences. It is frequently challenging to demarcate the boundary between the intended and unintended consequences of sanctions. This rapid review is based on an assessment of 75 separate articles or reports. It found that sanctions apply pressure on targeted states by inflicting economic damage, but the economic disruption is frequently broader than intended with economic damage not being restricted to targeted states. With sections possibly having a negative humanitarian impact, declining health outcomes, increasing the possibility of conflict, terrorism, and undermine the rule of law in targeted states. It also finds that the impact of sanctions on democratisation and respect for human and economic rights remains disputed. Despite the volume of studies published on this topic, there are weaknesses in the evidence base. Many – though not all – econometric studies do not distinguish sufficiently between different kinds of sanctions. As a result, sanctions regimes that may have quite different effects often lumped together, making it challenging to assess whether sanctions can be designed in a way that is likely to avoid specific kinds of adverse effects. In addition, on some important issues, there are major inconsistencies between the findings of different econometric studies. In some cases these inconsistencies are paired with technical debates around whether the methodologies employed on different studies adequately address issues related to the potential endogeneity between the decision to impose sanctions and trends in variables of interest.
Políticas educacionais e verticalização da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica no Brasil (séculos XX e XXI)
Authors: Souza Francisco das Chagas Silva , Silva Edilana Carlos da
Published: September 2022

Considering that more than a hundred years has passed since the offer to Professional Education and Technology (TVET) on a national level, in Brazil, the article seeks to comprehend the trajectory of the current Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education in the 20th and 21st century, with emphasis on the historical contexts that demanded changes in public policies and allowed the verticalization in courses offers on those institutions. It is a bibliographical and documental investigation, since publications in work and education field of research were used, as also a consultation and analysis of the TVET law were made. It was observed that the many changes that happened in the TVET offer in more than a century of existence was bound to the political agenda of the Brazilian government, and the interests of the job market. A verticalization in the Network a century ago used to complete only the primary and basic education and, today, it focuses on the offer of several levels, including stricto sensu postgraduate level. However, the network fights internally and externally for a professional education beyond the capital demands.
Relatório de Estágio Técnico na perspectiva dos gêneros discursivos: produção, reprodução e subversão
Authors: Silva Gilson Allefy Chaves da , Salazar Deuzilene Marques
Published: September 2022

In the field of Professional and Technological Education (EPT), one of the manifestations of language commonly seen are technical internship reports, often seen as a narrative-descriptive record document. In a wider view, this study aims to discuss the potential of the Technical Internship Report as a discursive genre, questioning the formative perspectives aimed at it and their relevance for the polytechnic development of students. This is a documentary research whose main source was the script for the preparation of the internship report adopted by IFAM, Campus Manaus Centro. By using the interpretive analysis, a dialogue with theorists was outlined, from which we verified that the formative perspective present in the analyzed elaboration guide hardly approached the formative principles of polytechnics. On the other hand, we discuss the potential of this genre under the dimensions Composition, Thematic Content, and Style, showing an instrument capable of subverting the social space in which it is inserted. We also present a proposal for an educational product based on the articulation between Polytechnics and Textual Genres.