bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation on the Multiple Intelligences of English Major Undergraduates in a University in Jiangxi Province
Authors: Lin Yulan , Lu Qingsheng
Published: October 2020

The Multiple Intelligences theory is composed of eight various intelligence, which concludes all aspects of human beings. Every individual has a different degree of these eight intelligences, but these eight intelligences are conducive to the overall development of persons and are in line with the current talent training goals of college English majors. So as to make better use of Multiple Intelligences theory in college English majors’ teaching, this paper did a survey of multiple intelligences to English major students in a university of Jiangxi Province. The results reveal that the level of multiple intelligences of English majors in the university is in a general state, and their weaknesses intelligence and superior intelligence are music intelligence and naturalist intelligence respectively. What’s more, the results provide three aspects of enlightenments for a better use of Multiple Intelligences for further college teaching: based on students’ current multiple intelligences; make use of students’ learning styles and learning strategies; enable students to get overall development. It is hoped that the article could offer some inspiration to current teaching of English majors in universities, and also provide some new ideas for better use of the teaching method guided by the theory of Multiple Intelligences.
Identifying patient decisions and related information needs during decision making related to total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Nowell William Benjamin , Venkatachalam Shilpa , Stake Christine , Harden Erik , Fraenkel Liana , Peters Ellen , Concannon Thomas W
Published: October 2020

Aim:
Research regarding decisions patients make about total knee arthroplasty, apart from having the procedure or not, are limited. Understanding patient decision making and related information needs is essential for shared decision making.
Methods:
Focus groups with an online community-based sample identified decisions about total knee arthroplasty beyond the decision to have the surgery itself. An online survey was used to determine relative importance of five major decisions and evaluate related information available.
Results:
Patients did not feel they have enough information to make important decisions of surgeon, device type, surgical approach, facility, or timing, for their total knee arthroplasty.
Conclusion:
Although further research is needed to generalize these findings, physicians should consider these questions during shared decision making with patients considering total knee arthroplasty.
Has the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Improved the Management of Acute Ureteric Colic?
Authors: Shanmugathas Nimlan , Khoo Christopher Charles , Kondjin-Smith Mitra , Hanna Milad , El-Husseiny Tamer , Dasgupta Ranan , Abboudi Hamid
Published: October 2020

Objective

The WHO declared SARS-CoV-2 a pandemic on 11th March 2020 prompting a rapid change to surgical practice. This study focuses on how the management of ureteric colic has adapted in a major tertiary referral unit during the peak of the pandemic so that lessons be can be learned in case a second wave occurs.

Materials and Methods

We compared admission rates and treatment patterns against national and European guidelines in 20 weeks, divided into pre- and peri-pandemic.

Results

A total of 72 patients were admitted during the study period. 64% (46/72) were admitted pre-pandemic. 22% (10/46) of these were septic (5 stented, 5 nephrostomized) while 20% (9/46) were managed conservatively. 59% (27/46) of pre-pandemic admissions were suitable for active treatment, of which 48% (13/27) received definitive treatment (11 ureteroscopy (URS), 2 shockwave lithotripsy (SWL)) all within 48 hours of admission. 52% (14/27) had temporising procedures (11 stented, 3 nephrostomized) and underwent definitive treatment within 63 days.

Of the total patients, 36% (26/72) were admitted peri-pandemic. 23% (6/26) were septic (1 stent, 5 nephrostomized), while 31% (8/26) were managed conservatively. 46% (12/26) were suitable for active treatment. 75% (9/12) received definitive treatment (4 URS, 5 SWL) of which 33% (4/12) within 48 hours and the remaining treated and stone free within 12 days. 25% (3/12) had temporising procedures (2 stented, 1 nephrostomized), with the definitive treatment provided within 17 days.

Conclusion

Ureteric colic admissions were reduced by almost half during the pandemic. There has been increased primary treatment with a reduction in temporising procedures and time to receiving definitive treatment. In the ‘new normal,’ lessons learned must be carried forward to maintain high rates of definitive treatments.
Disputas por tagua y minas: recursos naturales y propiedad territorial en el Pacífico colombiano, 1870-1930
Authors: Leal Claudia
Published: October 2020

En el Pacífico colombiano no hubo fuertes disputas por la tierra en las últimas décadas del siglo diecinueve y las primeras del veinte, como sucedió en otras partes de Colombia, pero sí hubo conflictos territoriales. Estos estuvieron centrados en el acceso a recursos naturales considerados valiosos: semillas de palma de tagua, oro y platino. Al estudiar estos conflictos este artículo ayuda a comprender por qué la mayoría de la región mantuvo su carácter de baldío de la nación en momentos en que se aceleró la titulación de tierra en otras partes del país. Así, contribuye a entender la particular historia del Pacífico colombiano, que generó las condiciones que favorecieron la titulación colectiva a comunidades negras que estipula la Constitución política de 1991.
Etnografía, archivos y expertos. Apuntes para un estudio antropológico del pasado reciente
Authors: Gil Gastón Julián
Published: October 2020

El abordaje etnográfico sobre el pasado reciente plantea una serie de cuestiones relevantes sobre los fundamentos metodológicos de una investigación antropológica. Si bien son escasas las posibilidades de realizar un trabajo de campo convencional que privilegie el aquí y ahora, el investigador tiene a disposición una cantidad importante de material empírico sobre el cual desarrollar una aproximación etnográfica. En este caso, una investigación referida a la constitución del campo de las ciencias sociales en la Argentina en los años 60 y 70 permite —además de las entrevistas— trabajar intensamente en diversos archivos, como por ejemplo los de una universidad o los medios de comunicación, junto con la posibilidad de analizar textos paradigmáticos de época.
Etnografía de archivos administrativos. Un corpus de demandas y quejas menores en un barrio de vivienda social
Authors: Schijman Emilia
Published: October 2020

Apartir de una investigación etnográfica en una cité de la periferia parisina, este artículo propone una discusión metodológica en torno al análisis de un corpus de escritos encontrados in situ: un cuaderno de peticiones en una ventanilla pública que informa sobre la renovación urbana en curso y centenares de cartas dirigidas a la institución de vivienda social. El objetivo es interrogar este archivo administrativo en tanto documento etnográfico, abordando las diferentes escalas de análisis que supone (etnográfica, sociológica, histórica). Una vez descifrado el expediente administrativo, el artículo describe ciertos rasgos particulares del hábitat popular: conflictos, peticiones sucesivas, quejas y recriminaciones.
Lo que nos dice la forma. Etnografía de los archivos locales indígenas
Authors: Muñoz Morán Óscar
Published: October 2020

El componente diacrónico es un campo común en gran parte de las investigaciones antropológicas de los últimos años. Hoy se reclama la necesidad de hacer etnografía de las formas locales, más que del contenido, usadas para significar su propia historia, entre ellas los archivos. En estas páginas se encontrará un recorrido por cómo ciertos archivos comunales se han convertido en estructuras para interpretar el pasado y la actividad social.
Liderazgos y organizaciones sociopolíticas indígenas en Pampa y Patagonia norte durante el siglo XVIII.
Authors: Carlón Florencia
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo indaga sobre los vínculos interétnicos forjados en la frontera sur de Buenos Aires, focalizando en el accionar de los caciques y postulando al siglo XVIII como un momento de emergencia de liderazgos y jefaturas entre los indígenas independientes de Pampa y Patagonia norte. La investigación realizada en el Archivo General de la Nación, Argentina, División Colonia, nos permitió analizar documentos inéditos pertenecientes a la “Comandancia de Fronteras”, que funcionó durante el siglo XVIII, tras la creación de los fuertes borbónicos que protegieron la población de Buenos Aires de los indígenas independientes. Examinamos la correspondencia entre autoridades militares de frontera y el Gobernador (y desde 1776 Virrey del Río de la Plata), así como los diarios de expedicionarios y misioneros del período y reconstruimos algunos de los diferentes tipos de liderazgos en la región.
Group inverse matrix of the normalized Laplacian on subdivision networks
Authors: Carmona Ángeles , Mitjana Margarida , Monsó Enric
Published: October 2020

In this paper we consider a subdivision of a given network and we show how the group inverse matrix of the normalized laplacian of the subdivision network is related to the group inverse matrix of the normalized laplacian of the initial given network. Our approach establishes a relationship between solutions of related Poisson problems on both structures and takes advantage on the properties of the group inverse matrix. As a consequence we get formulae for effective resistances and the Kirchhoff Index of the subdivision network expressed in terms of its corresponding in the base network. Finally, we study two examples where the base network are the star and the wheel, respectively.
A chain of mean value inequalities
Authors: Alzer Horst , Kwong Man
Published: October 2020

G = G(x, y) = ?xy, L = L(x,y) = x?y/log(x)?log(y)'' I=I(x,y)= 1/e(xx/yy) 1/(x-y), A=A(x.y)=x+y/2, be the geometric, logarithmic, identric, and arithmetic means of x
and y. We prove that the inequalities L(G2,A2) < G(L2,I2) < A(L2,I2)
< I(G2,A2) are valid for all x, y > 0 with x ? y. This refines a result
of Seiffert.
On the indices in number fields and their computation for small degrees
Authors: Bayad Abdelmejid , Seddik Mohammed
Published: October 2020

Let K be a number field. We investigate the indices I(K) and i(K) of K introduced respectively by Dedekind and Gunji-McQuillan. Let n be a positif integer, we then prove that for any prime p ? n, there exists K a number field of degree n over Q such that p divide i(K). This result is an analogue to Bauer''s one for i(K). We compute I(K) and i(K) for cubic fields and infinite families of simplest number fields of degree less than 7. We solve questions and disprove the conjecture stated in [1].
Abnormalities in the thickness of the retinal ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer in age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Zivkovic Maja , Jaksic Vesna , Zlatanovic Marko , Sefic-Kasumovic Sanja , Radosavljevic Aleksandra , Zlatanovic Nevena , Zlatanovic Gordana , Djordjevic-Jocic Jasmina , Jovanovic Predrag , Radenkovic Marija , Jovanovic Svetlana
Published: October 2020

Introduction/Objective. The study aims to analyze the thickness of both the ganglion cell layer and the inner plexiform layer (GCL + IPL) among patients suffering from dry and wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods. One hundred ninety-five patients with AMD participated in the study, along with 94 healthy individuals (mean age 75.2 ? 7.8 years; range 55?86). They were divided into three groups: the first group, or group I, included 100 patients suffering from wet AMD; the second group, or group II, included 95 patients afflicted with dry AMD; the final 94 patients made up the control group, group III, of healthy individuals without systemic or ocular diseases. Measurements such as the average macular thickness, the average and minimum GCL + IPL thickness, and the GCL + IPL thickness in all six sectors were obtained by Cirrus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, USA). SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data, while the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results. In the case of patients with wet AMD, the average value for GCL + IPL thickness was 43.13 ?m, for patients with dry AMD the value was 66.73 ?m, and the average thickness measured for the control group was 86.23 ?m. There was a statistically significant difference between the average GCL + IPL and minimum GCL + IPL thicknesses between the groups (p < 0.001). Lower values were noted for patients with wet AMD (p < 0.001) than those with dry AMD. In the latter, the average GCL + IPL and the minimum GCL + IPL thicknesses were lower than those of the healthy participants, at a level of statistical significance (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Participants with AMD exhibited thinner GCL + IPL than the healthy participants, as did the participants with wet AMD when compared to the participants with dry AMD.
Comparison Ability of Polymers Acrycoat S100 And HPMC K4M to Entrapment Efficiency Domperidone in Microspheres
Authors: Apridamayanti Pratiwi , Sinaga Nora Nurlina , Desnita Rise
Published: October 2020

Domperidone is a prokinetic and antiemetic agent which has low bioavaibility. To increase the bioavaibility of drug, it can be modified into microsphere that can hold drug more longer in gastric to improve the bioavaibility. The microsphere preparation requires a polymer that can make matrix system to protect and deliver the drugs. Acrycoat S100 and HPMC K4M are the usual polymers that used for encapsulation and  have biodegradable characteristic. The aim of this research is to know the comparison ability of two different polymers to entrapment the drug in microsphere. Microsphere domperidone made by solvent evaporation method in 6 formula. F1, F2 and F3 using 50 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg Acrycoat S100 polymer, while F4, F5 and F6 using 50 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg HPMC K4m polymer. The tests were conducted by the determination of the percentage of entrapment efficiency using UV spectrophotometer and evaluation of organoleptic, particle measurement and surface microsphere morphology. The results showed that F3 with Acrycoat S100 polymer has a greater entrapment efficiency of 78,712% ± 4,260% compared to the highest percentage efficiency of HPMC K4M polymer of 4,734±0,390.Key words: Acrycoat S100, domperidone, entrapment efficiency, HPMC K4M, microsphere
Characterization of Imprinted Polymer of Diazepam With Methacrylic Acid and Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Monomer in Chloroform for Selective Adsorption of Diazepam
Authors: Ferdinand Michelle , Pratiwi Rimadani , Hasanah Aliya Nur
Published: October 2020

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine class usage is regulated nationally or globally. These drugs can be used to regulate sleep patterns or sedative-hypnotic drugs because it has a calming effect. Monitoring the abuse of diazepam requires a sensitive analysis methods that required the preparation of selective methods. One of the methods that are currently developing is Moleculary Imprinted Polymer-Solid Phase Extraction (MI-SPE). In this research, step being performed include determination of the association constant, synthesis sorbent of Imprinted Polymer (IP) diazepam by bulkpolymerization method with diazepam as a template, chloroform as porogen, two kind of monomer methacrylic acid (MAA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as functional monomer. Templates extracted from polymer followed by evaluation of adsorption ability test, a test of capacity and selectivity of the polymer, and also the characterization of the IP using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR),and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed that IP diazepam with MAA monomer has 7.95 x 10-5 mg/g of capacity, it is better than capacity of IP diazepam monomer HEMA with 7.47x 10-6 mg/g. Selectivity of IP diazepam MAA monomer has an IF value which is 2.13, which is better than IP HEMA with 1.21. In addition, IP diazepam MAA monomer more heterogenous than its Non Imprinted Polymer (NIP).Keywords: Chloroform, Diazepam, HEMA, Methacrylic acid, MI-SPE.
Essentially Compressible Modules Relative to A Submodule
Authors: Al-Aeashi Shukur Neamah , Hussein Al-Bakaa Fatimah
Published: October 2020

In this work, the new notion is defined namely essentially compressible relative to a submodule, as a new generalization of the compressible module relative to a submodule where a module is called compressible module relative to a submodule N of M  if for all non-zero submodule of  such that contains N, there exists a monomorphism f Hom( ). We study some basic properties of this class and many relationships between these classes and other related concepts are presented and studied.
Effect of Calcination Time on Bovine-Derived Hydroxyapatite as Bone Implant Material: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Manalu Jojorlamsihar , Tjhay , Francisca , Theodora Kristoforus
Published: October 2020

Bone fracture incidence has been increasing, according to recent studies. For a fracture to heal, orthopedic implants are usually employed. One of the bioceramics used is hydroxyapatite (HAp), which has a similar chemical structure with bone mineral and is biocompatible, bioactive as well as non-toxic to the human body. Current methods of HAp synthesis are mostly still toxic to the human body and expensive. Hydroxyapatite originated from natural resources can provide more favorable materials. The purpose of this study is to characterize HAp extracted from bovine bone calcination at 850°C for various holding times as bone implant material. The toxicity of the bovine-derived HAp is also assessed. Prepared bovine bones were subjected to calcination at 850°C over various holding times. The characterization was carried out with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) instrument followed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT- IR). The toxicity of the bovine HAp was assessed using MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl-]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Each of the parameters was compared between the HAp extracted from bovine and the commercial HAp. Analysis of the phase, purity, and crystallinity showed that the bovine-derived HAp was similar to the standard HAp. Crystal agglomeration was observed at increased calcination time. The optimal holding time of 5 hours was demonstrated through the closest Ca/P ratio (1.679) to the stoichiometric HAp (Ca/P ratio = 1.67) in EDX analysis. The toxicity test using the MTT assay showed that the viabilities of CPAE cells treated with bovine HAp were well above 60% (non-toxic threshold). In conclusion, hydroxyapatite produced from bovine bone calcination at 850°C with 5 hours of holding time has the characteristics which are similar to the commercial HAp. This natural HAp has proven to be non-toxic and also cost-effective.
Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa dengan Model Group Investigation Pada Materi Turunan
Authors: Sari Putri Sucita , Prihatiningtyas Nindy Citroresmi , Utami Citra
Published: October 2020

Abstract:The mathematical representation ability of students at a Senior High School in Singkawang is still low. This is due to the habit of students receiving direct learning and passive activities. This article tries to find out the differences in mathematical representation abilities between students who are given the Group Investigation (GI) learning model and students who are given the direct learning model and describe the mathematical representation abilities of students in terms of learning activities with the GI learning model. The results showed that there were differences in the increase in the mathematical representation ability of students who were given the GI learning model and those who were given the direct learning model. The active mathematical representation ability of students is in the high category, while students with moderate and passive activities have moderate representation skills. Abstrak:Kemampuan representasi matematis siswa di salah satu SMA Negeri di Singkawang masih rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan kebiasaan siswa menerima pembelajaran langsung dan aktivitas yang pasif. Artikel ini mencoba mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan representasi matematis antara siswa yang diberikan model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) dengan siswa yang diberikan model pembelajaran langsung serta mendeskripsikan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa ditinjau dari aktivitas belajar dengan model pembelajaran GI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang diberikan model pembelajaran GI dengan siswa yang diberikan model pembelajaran langsung. Kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang aktif berada pada kategori tinggi, sedangkan siswa degan aktivitas sedang dan pasif memiliki kemampuan representasi sedang.
On the Relationship between Inventory Turnover Performance and Capital Intensity and Sales Growth Evidence from the Listed Companies at Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange
Authors: NGUYỄN VĂN PHƯƠNG
Published: October 2020

Inventory turnover varies broadly across many companies and over time. This variation is useful for analyzing an inventory turnover performance and working capital management. By conducting a panel data of 179 Vietnamese companies listed in Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) during the period of 2006-2011, we perform an empirical study with the fixed effect methodology to investigate the correlation of inventory turnover with capital intensity and sales growth. We find that both capital intensity and sales growth have a positive impact on inventory turnover. We also split two datasets based on firms in the real estate industry and in other industries. We only find that both gross margin and firm size are negatively correlated with inventory turnover in the dataset of firms in other industries. In general, our results are consistent with the previous studies of United State retailers. We also consider the time-trend to examine impacts of these factors. The results show that on average, firms with bigger investment in capital assets have achieved higher inventory turnover, but inventory turnover becomes worse as the time goes on.
Interrelation Between Livelihood Assets and Poverty in Rural Vietnam
Authors: TRẦN TIẾN KHAI
Published: October 2020

Multi-dimensional poverty approach is currently employed in research worldwide instead of the conventional monetary-based poverty one. The Sustainable Livelihoods Approach is closely related to multi-dimensional poverty concept in terms of using a complex set of socioeconomic indicators to reflect the accessibility to five livelihood assets of household or individual, that is, the human, social, natural, physical and financial assets. This study aims at exploring interrelations between monetary poverty and other socioeconomic characteristics of rural households in Vietnam relying on livelihood approach and searching relevant socioeconomic indicators for multi-dimensional poverty measurement. Various multivariate analysis methods as Principal Component Analysis, Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Cluster Analysis are applied. Data of 6,837 rural households extracted from VHLSS 2008 dataset are used in this study. The results confirm that multi-dimensional poverty of rural household is explained by at least ten dimensions representative of four livelihood assets. Several continuous and categorical variables are extracted as relevant indicators for multi-dimensional poverty measurement. Household classification by multi-dimensional poverty is likely more statistically efficient when homogeneity with group is improved in comparison to basing on expenditure per capita.
An Analysis of Impacts of Currency Devaluation on Economic Growth in Vietnam in 2000-2012
Authors: NGUYỄN MINH HẢI , PHAN TẤT HIỂN , ĐẶNG HUYỀN LINH
Published: October 2020

The paper aims at exploring effects of currency devaluation on Vietnam?s economic growth. Our approach is to employ smooth transition regression (STR) to estimate relationship between real exchange rate, money supply, and public expenditure with Vietnam?s GDP in 2000-2012. The results show that currency devaluation can increase output if growth of money supply is less than 24.46%, and it may produce negative effects on the output when the money supply grows higher than the above threshold.
On Effects of Macroeconomic Factors on Rate of Return on Stocks on HoChiMinh Stock Exchange
Authors: VÕ THỊ THÚY ANH , NGUYỄN THANH HẢI
Published: October 2020

Using factor model and fixed or random effect approaches, this article studies the factors affecting the rate of return on the stocks listed on the Vietnamese stock market. The results show that the rate of return is affected by the two factors: inflation and the Nikkei index as an indicator of regional economy. The impact of inflation is much more powerful. The strongest impact of the unexpected inflation is found in industrial sector and consumption while enterprises with good business performance only suffer a milder effect. The impact of Nikkei index on local stocks is rather weak but less dispersed.
Sustainable Development of Central Coast Tourism Based on Value Chain Approach
Authors: NGUYỄN PHÚC NGUYÊN , LÊ THẾ GIỚI
Published: October 2020

Over the past decade, the tourism industry in Vietnam in general and in Central Vietnam in particular has grown significantly and played a major role in the economy, contributing not only to the national GDP but also to development of other sectors such as transportation, construction and banking, etc. However, this growth has not reached full potentials of the region. Empirical study in ?? N?ng has revealed limitations in the development of tourism in this province and in Central Coastal region as well. By analyzing minutely main causes of limitations based on the value chain analysis, this paper proposes some solutions to sustainable tourism development in the Central Coastal region by developing a single destination and making the best use of creative and supporting resources besides local natural ones.
The Relationship Between Website Quality and E-Satisfaction: A Case Study of Four- and Five-Starred Hotels in Hội An City of Quảng Nam Province
Authors: LÊ VĂN HUY , NGUYỄN THỊ HOÀI ÂN
Published: October 2020

E-commerce has become a familiar and indispensable part in a developing society, contributing substantially to changes in the customer behaviors and demand. In order to meet customer needs, tourism companies in general and enterprises of the hospitality industry in particular must establish their own websites at the service of their business and competition. In this paper, through aggregation of existing theories in the world and quantitative research, the authors conduct an empirical research for the case of four- and five-starred hotels in H?i An City and identify seven factors that affect the satisfaction of online customers (or e-satisfaction): (1) website design, (2) website information, (3) website security, (4) trust, (5) transaction convenience, (6) customer services, and (7) hotel services information. Those results allow authors to offer some suggestions for hospitality enterprises to enhance their customer satisfaction.
Bounds Testing Approach to Cointegration: A Re-examination of FDI and Growth in Vietnam
Authors: PHẠM THẾ ANH , NGUYỄN THỊ HỒNG ĐÀO
Published: October 2020

This study examines the econometric and empirical evidence of both causal and long-run relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in Vietnam, covering a time span of 21 years from 1991 to 2012. The recent and robust methodology of bounds testing or autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) approach to Cointegration is employed for the empirical analysis. This technique can capture both short-run and long-run dynamics of variables, particularly in small sample size cases. The findings indicate the existence of a Cointegration relationship between the two time series and a modest adjustment process from short-run to long-run equilibrium. Further results from Granger causality tests conducted within the error correction model confirm a bi-directional causality between economic growth and FDI over the study period.
Income Changes in Association with Land Expropriation in Giang Điền Industrial Park, Đồng Nai Province
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng Bảo , NGUYỄN MINH TUẤN
Published: October 2020

Land expropriation seems inevitable during industrialization and modernization. The expropriation of land affects greatly personal income of local residents. The research employs sustainable livelihoods framework suggested by DFID (2003) to analyze effects of land expropriation on local residents in Giang Điền Industrial Park (Trảng Bom District, Đồng Nai Province). The results identify four following factors that affect personal income: (1) ability to turn compensation into investments; (2) area of land expropriated; (3) education level of householder; and (4) dependence ratio.
The Role of Human Capital in Economic Growth in Coastal Provinces of Southern Central Vietnam
Authors: HẠ THỊ THIỀU DAO , Nguyễn Đăng Khoa
Published: October 2020

To examine the role of human capital in economic growth in coastal provinces of Southern Central Vietnam (SCV), the research employs data from balance sheets of eight provinces in this region and a neoclassical growth model with an extended Cobb-Douglas production function including the following variables: output, capital, labor, human capital and other macroeconomic variables that have effects on economic development. The estimation results based on the fixed effect model show that the economic growth is affected by capital, labor, human capital, FDI, public expenditure, and agricultural production. Of this variable, the human capital is represented by average schooling year of laborers with an estimated effect of nearly 0.43% per a one-percent increase in the average schooling year.
Foreign Ownership and Firm Performance - Evidence in Vietnam
Authors: Võ Xuân Vinh
Published: October 2020

The paper aims to investigate the relationship between foreign ownership and firm performance in Vietnam. We use a data set including market and accounting variables of firms listed on Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) for the period from 2007 to 2012. The results show a significant correlation between foreign ownership and firm performance. The regressions on each level of foreign ownership indicate that foreign ownership is found to be significantly and positively correlated with firm performance when foreigners own between 5% and 20% of shares in firms, while a negative correlation occurs where foreign holdings are more than 20%, specially and considerably negative where the level is more than 40%; and there is no significant relationship between the two variables where foreigners own less than 5% of shares.
Impacts of Business Confidence and Consumer Confidence on VN-Index
Authors: Thân Thị Thu Thủy , Phạm Thị Bích Thảo
Published: October 2020

Fluctuations in stock price index are always the focus of investors’ and listed companies’ interest, so the exploration of factors affecting this index is crucial. This paper examines the impacts of business confidence and consumer confidence on VN-Index. The results confirm positive impacts of business confidence and consumer confidence on the index, but they are not remarkably high. Thence, the study proposes solutions to the improvement in business confidence and consumer confidence to help the Vietnam’s stock market grow in a stable and sustainable manner.
Monetary Transmission through Interest Rate Channel in Vietnam Before and After the Crisis
Authors: Trầm Thị Xuân Hương , Võ Xuân Vinh , NGUYỄN PHÚC CẢNH
Published: October 2020

The paper employs the VAR model to examine the impact of monetary policy on the economy through interest rate channel (IRC) and levels of transmission before and after the 2008 crisis. The results indicate that in the period before the financial crisis, IRC exists in accordance with macroeconomic theory; however, the crisis period, in which increases in SBV monetary policy rates lead to increased inflation, has proved the existence of the cost channel of monetary transmission in Vietnam.
Where does Pro-Poor Growth Occur in Vietnam?
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Bao
Published: October 2020

Although Vietnam’s economic growth and poverty reduction for almost three decades have been remarkable, growth for poverty reduction is unequally distributed across the nation. The paper examines the cause of poverty and the impact of provincial economic growth on poverty alleviation, using the data of 63 provinces in Vietnam. The elasticity of poverty with respect to provincial economic growth is employed (the elasticities of headcount index, poverty gap index, and squared poverty index with respect to provincial economic growth) to identify the provinces where pro-poor growth has occurred. The elasticity of poverty with respect to provincial Gini coefficient is examined to identify the impact of expenditure inequality on poverty. The simultaneous equation system is estimated to analyze not only direct and indirect effects of the related variables, but also the causality effect between economic growth and the poverty elasticity with respect to both growth and the Gini coefficient.
Determining Impacts of Attitude on Household Recycling Behavior using Path Analysis: A Case Study in Can Tho and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Luu Bao Doan , Nguyen Trong Hoai
Published: October 2020

This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number II4.5-2012.09
 In the last decades scientists around the world have come to a consensus that the survival of humanity is threatened by rising climate changes if people continue to consume and produce in the same way as it has been. According to different analyses including those commissioned by the World Bank, Vietnam is among the countries to be heavily impacted by a rise in sea level caused by the melt of Northern and Southern ice caps. Therefore, as a member of the global community, the Vietnamese government and people must also share the responsibility to address the problem of climate change and act accordingly. Recycling to reduce landfill development, saving energy and water consumption, and curtailing CO2 emission are examples of behavior attributable to the alleviation of environmental degradation. This current study, funded by NAFOSTED, aims at exploring impacts of consumers’ attitude on their household recycling behavior. The study contributes to the existing general discussion about possible attitude-behavior relationship by exploiting structural equation modeling (SEM) with data from the two major cities in Southern Vietnam. This method allows for an examination of multiple complex relations among various factors, mediators, and the dependent variable. This current research study, in addition, is among few ones that take on this approach, especially in the Vietnamese context. Among important findings, a person’s attitude toward recycling may affect his or her reported recycling behavior. Social norm has also been found to influence recycling behavior indirectly via recycling attitude. Therefore, city governments may consider investing more in public policies that nurture and cultivate the favorable attitude toward recycling behavior.
Impact of Restructuring on Efficiency of Vietnam's Commercial Banks
Authors: Tran Hoang Ngan , Tran Phuong Thao , Nguyen Huu Huan
Published: October 2020

The paper presents research on restructuring of Vietnam's system of commercial banks by implementing a three-stage DEA/SFA approach to estimate of impact of the restructuring process on banking efficiency. The empirical findings show that rises and falls in banking efficiency are irregular because the restructuring process has not completed and that some banks gain higher efficiency scores while others, especially those affected by low performance of merged banks, witness sharp falls.
Informal Sector and the Economy in Sri Lanka: A Survey of Literature
Authors: S. M. P. Senanayake , W. Wimalaratana , S. P. Premaratne
Published: October 2020

It is customary to include all economic activities that are not officially regulated as informal sector activities. The usual definitions used to distinguish the informal sector from the formal one appear to be problematic or fussy at their edges. This dichotomy is not mutually exclusive as often thought but is in fact interdependent in many respects. It is also argued that informal enterprises often move upwards in a hierarchy of organizational forms and finally end up as formal sector units through vertical linkages. The informal sector provides jobs for very vulnerable low-income groups in rural and urban sectors while contributing to the GDP immensely in developing countries. This paper critically examines the nature of the informal sector in Sri Lanka and studies the links between the informal sector and its economy. The analysis entirely employs secondary data and information. The findings of the study demonstrate that the domestic (traditional) agriculture and related activities in Sri Lanka are dominated by the informal sector, which in turn is further strengthened by underworld activities. The fear of tax burden, bribes, bureaucratic bungling, archaic rules and regulations, and lack of dividends in formal activities drive many people from the formal sector to the informal one. The informal sector provides jobs and reduces unemployment and underemployment, but in many cases the jobs are low paying and job security is poor. It bolsters entrepreneurial activities, but at the detriment of state regulations’ compliance, particularly regarding tax and labor regulations.
Export Barriers and Export Performance of Vietnamese Seafood Firms Targeting International Market
Authors: Tran Huu Ai , Ho Huy Tuu , Tran Van Hau
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this paper is to identify key export barriers and their impact on performance of Vietnamese seafood firms with their export to the US market. By reviewing the literature and using expert opinions, five factors of the export barriers can be identified, including product, price, distribution, logistics, and promotion. A structured questionnaire is used to survey managers of 152 seafood firms, and exploratory factor analysis, used to categorize variables in five barrier dimensions. Then, the development of linear regression aims to determine which barrier has a greater negative effect on export performance. The empirical results suggest that except for promotion, the other barriers have significantly negative impact on export performance. Based on the relative importance of the different marketing barriers, seafood firms should firstly focus on quality improvements to improve their performance.
Real Effective Exchange Rate: A Transmission Channel for the Impact of Economic Growth on Exports in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Quang Hiep , Nguyen Thi Nha
Published: October 2020

This article analyzes the role of real effective exchange rate as a transmission channel for the impact of economic growth on Vietnam’s exports. Using quarterly data for the period of 1994–2013, the analysis results show that economic growth, real effective exchange rate (REER), and exports tend to fluctuate in the same direction. Furthermore, according to the results of the VAR model, economic growth impacts on and promotes export growth through increased productivity that improves the competitive advantage of products. The exchange rate, as an important channel, allows for a positive impact of economic growth on exports in Vietnam.
Profitability and Risk in Relation to Income Diversification of Vietnamese Commercial Banking System
Authors: Vo Xuan Vinh , Tran Thi Phuong Mai
Published: October 2020

Employing a panel data set including 37 joint-stock commercial banks covering the period from 2006 to 2013, this paper investigates the impact of income diversification on bank risk and returns. Our results show that increased income diversification results in higher rates of bank returns. However, when risk is considered, the increased income diversification leads to lower risk-adjusted returns. Empirical evidence also shows that the income diversification is not beneficial to joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam.
Impacts of Climate Shock Response Measures on Poverty Vulnerability of Farmer Households in the Mekong River Delta
Authors: Tran Dai Nghia , Le Trong Hai , Doan Minh Thu , Dinh Phi Ho
Published: October 2020

The analysis of this study is based on the inherited results using the panel data of climate shocks and risks faced by farmers in 12 preventative provinces of the seven ecological regions of Vietnam as surveyed by IPSARD (2013) and the data collected from the in-depth studies with 330 farmer households sampled from six selected provinces that represent five sub-ecological areas of Mekong River Delta. The response probability models are employed to determine the impacts of weather risks on incomes of the farmer households as well as the effects of applying several climate change response measures on poverty vulnerability of the farmers. As shown by the analytical results, the poor household group is most impacted by the natural risks, which in turn also affects the level of their poverty vulnerability. To mitigate the negative impacts of extreme weather events, farmers have proactively applied different responsive measures designed to improve their resilience to climate and natural risks, such as changing crop or animal varieties, changing farming patterns, and improving production infrastructures. These measures are found to have contributed significantly and effectively in preventing productivity decline and mitigating income losses and therefore the farmers’ poverty vulnerability.
Open-Access Inshore Fisheries: The Economic Performance of the Purse Seine Fishery in Nha Trang, Vietnam
Authors: Pham Thanh Thai , Tran Thi Thu Hoa
Published: October 2020

In Vietnam the number of fishing vessels, especially near the shore, has increased continuously, despite the Government’s target of a reduction. In particular, 80% of the fishing vessels operating in the coastal areas make up only 11% of the exclusive economic zone. Such heavy use of near-shore fish resources could imply overfishing and economic decline. Therefore, the economic performance of the inshore purse seine vessels in an open-access fishery has been investigated based on a 2011 survey of the cost and earnings data of 62 anchovy purse seiners, representing about 46 % of such vessels in Nha Trang, Vietnam. The empirical results show that an average purse seiner is able to cover all the costs and earn a profit margin of 17.41% and that crew members earn their opportunity cost of labor or above. Engine power, number of crew size, and number of fishing days are identified as the main factors affecting fishing effort of the vessel. An application of the Salter diagram indicates that a large number of vessels with high relative standardized effort are the most cost-efficient vessels. The majority of these vessels are found to earn intra-marginal rent despite the open-access characteristics of this fishery.
Nonlinear effects of oil prices on inflation, growth, budget deficit, and unemployment
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Trang , Dinh Thi Thu Hong
Published: October 2020

In oil-exporting countries such as members of the OPEC, fluctua-tions in oil prices exert a significant impact on the domestic econo-my. Currently, a sharp reduction in oil prices results in several ad-verse effects; however, for such a crude-oil exporter that is also an importer of petroleum products as Vietnam, does a rise or drop in oil prices is beneficial to its development? This paper attempts to de-termine the oil price threshold while analyzing oil price effects on several macro factors, such as inflation, GDP growth, budget deficit, and unemployment rate over the 2000–2015 period. Using TVAR model, we detect an oil price threshold of USD27.6/barrel. Moreover, an increase in the price of oil, which exceeds this threshold, will cause a rise in inflation, budget deficit, and unemployment rate. Still, there is no significant evidence of the impact of oil prices on GDP growth.
Determinants of stock market development: The case of developing countries and Vietnam
Authors: Su Dinh Thanh , Bui Thi Mai Hoai , Nguyen Van Bon
Published: October 2020

Stock market is a key channel to the mobilization of long-term capi-tal in an economy, and determinants of stock market development in developing countries are still undecided. This paper aims to inves-tigate these determinants in Vietnam and other developing countries, whose differences are also pointed out by applying two-way Gener-alized Method of Moments to the panel data of 36 developing countries over the period of 2003–2014. Our findings are intriguing. First, in developing countries economic growth, domestic credit, and stock market liquidity are positive determinants of the development of stock market. While the effect of money supply is negative, insti-tutional factors such as government effectiveness and rule of law have significantly positive impacts, in contrast to corruption control and political stability (whose impacts are significant and negative). Second, regarding the development of the stock market in Vietnam, the effects of such macroeconomic factors as economic growth, domestic investment, foreign direct investment, domestic credit, broad money supply, stock market liquidity, and inflation are signif-icant and negative, whereas those of all institution variables, includ-ing control of corruption, government effectiveness, political stabil-ity, regulatory quality, rule of law, and voice and accountability, are significant and positive. This implies that well-established institutions are crucial for promoting a demand for stocks and stock market performance in Vietnam.
Economic growth: The role of knowledge economy in the context of selected Asian countries
Authors: Nguyen Van Dung , Nguyen Trong Hoai , Nguyen Son Kien
Published: October 2020

This study examines the role of different knowledge economy com-ponents in economic growth as well as the simultaneous effects of information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure, education, and innovation on economic growth of selected Asian countries over the 1990–2014 period, using Driscoll-Kraay estima-tion method and seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) and three stage least squares (3SLS). The results confirm that there exists a positive association between economic growth and four components of the knowledge economy framework. Furthermore, there is also evidence of the multidimensional effects of ICT infrastructure, edu-cation, and innovation on economic growth. As a result, policy makers should pay more attention to improving innovation, educa-tion, information and communication infrastructure, and institu-tional regime systematically to achieve sustainable economic growth.
Stock price reaction to cash dividend announcements in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Truong , Dao Mai Huong , Nguyen Thi Van Anh
Published: October 2020

This study attempts to investigate the stock price reaction to divi-dend announcements using data of Vietnamese listed firms on Hochiminh Stock Exchange (HOSE). Standard event study meth-odology has been employed on a sample of 198 cash dividend an-nouncements made in 2011. The results show that stock prices react significantly and positively to the announcements of cash dividends, including both dividend increasing and dividend decreasing events. It is also plausible that cumulative abnormal returns exhibit an in-creasing trend before announcement yet a decreasing trend after announcement dates. More specifically, we find positively signifi-cant cumulative abnormal returns of around 1.03% on announce-ment dates; other larger windows also demonstrate positive abnor-mal returns of around 1.3%. In addition, cash dividends have differ-ent effects on share prices of firms from different industries. These results support the signaling hypothesis and are also consistent with prior findings of empirical research done on more developed mar-kets, i.e. the US and the UK.