bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of a Strategic Transformation Plan: The Case of Alaska Airlines
Authors: Caster Paul , Scheraga Carl
Published: November 2019

In 2003, amid the turmoil of the U.S. airline industry in the post-9/11 environment, the senior management of the Alaska Air Group announced a “strategic vision” entitled “Alaska 2010.” The pronouncement articulated positions with regard to cost leadership, product differentiation, and growth. This study empirically assesses the efficacy of this decision with regard to the major network carrier of the air group, Alaska Airlines. The analysis focuses on the period beginning with the announcement and ending in 2010.The implementation of such a strategic protocol is dynamic and inter-temporal in nature. Therefore, it is often difficult to assess the effectiveness of changes in strategies, particularly since such effectiveness is often a function of the confounding forces of organizational strategy and market conditions. Thus, this study utilizes the multi-period methodology of the strategic variance analysis of operating income.This methodology decomposes operating income into three components: (1) growth, (2) price recovery, and (3) productivity. This is of particular interest from a strategic planning perspective, as the price component evaluates a company’s product differentiation strategy while the productivity component evaluates whether an airline’s low cost strategy was successful because of efficiency gains.
Correlation Analysis of Duty Cycle Effects on Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Economy
Authors: Tu Jun , Wayne W. Scott , Perhinschi Mario G.
Published: November 2019

Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the effects of drive cycle characteristics on distance-specific emissions (g/mile) and fuel economy (mpg) and consequently determine the most influential cycle metrics for modeling. A detailed analysis of linear and non-linear correlations was performed among cycle metrics to avoid collinearity and reduce the number of variables. The order of importance of the selected cycle metrics was determined. Results show that average speed with idle, number of stops per mile, percentage idle, and kinetic intensity were the most important cycle metrics affecting emissions and fuel economy. Preliminary regression analysis reinforced their importance for emissions modeling purposes.
Gate Violations by Truck Drivers at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings in Two Cities
Authors: Khattak Aemal
Published: November 2019

Gate violations during train crossing events by truck drivers at highway-rail grade crossings in two cities were investigated. About 22% of the collected observations involved gate violations by truck drivers. Analysis showed that the frequencies of gate violations increased with higher truck traffic during crossing events and drivers of single-unit trucks displayed a greater propensity for gate violations compared with drivers of trucks with trailers. Violations were more frequent with longer times between the onset of flashing lights and train arrivals at the crossings. Options for reducing truck drivers’ gate violations at gated crossings are provided.
Modeling Injury Severity of Young Drivers Using Highway Crash Data from Kansas
Authors: Amarasingha Niranga , Dissanayake Sunanda
Published: November 2019

Young drivers have higher motor vehicle crash rates compared to other drivers, and understanding the reasons for this would help to improve safety. This study, therefore, investigated characteristics and contributory causes of young-driver crashes and developed multinomial logit models to identify severity affecting factors. It was found that teen drivers were more likely to be involved in crashes due to failure to give time and attention and falling asleep. Among other factors, alcohol involvement, not wearing a seat belt, driving without a valid license, having restrictions on driver’s license, and involvement in off-roadway crashes were factors that increased young-driver injury severity. Based on identified factors, countermeasure ideas for improving safety have also been suggested.
Truck Use on Texas Toll Roads
Authors: Seedah Dan P.K. , Muckelston Joshua C. , Harrison Robert
Published: November 2019

Metropolitan toll roads are a popular source of non-traditional funded highway investment, targeting automobile users. Toll rates have been traditionally derived from traffic and revenue (T&R) studies, which appear unable to accurately estimate truck demand even when a toll road offers an alternative route segment to interstate trucking. This paper examines the current failure of Texas toll road SH-130 to attract truckers from IH-35 in Austin, one of the most congested Texas corridors. CT-VCOST, a comprehensive vehicle operating cost toolkit, was used to calculate truck operating costs on both highways to investigate why few truckers are using the toll facility and whether the decision is based on toll rates or other factors.
Modeling User Equilibrium in Microscopic Transportation Simulation
Authors: Cheng Liang-Chieh (Victor) , Wang Heng
Published: November 2019

User equilibrium refers to the network-wide state where individual travelers cannot gain improvement by unilaterally changing their behaviors. The Wardropian Equilibrium has been the focus of a transportation equilibrium study. This paper modifies the dynamic traffic assignment method through utilizing the TRANSIMS system to reach the dynamic user equilibrium state in a microscopic model. The focus of research is developing three heuristics in a Routing-Microsimulation-Equilibrating order for reaching system-wide equilibrium while simultaneously minimizing the computing burden and execution. The heuristics are implemented to a TRANSIMS model to simulate a subarea of Houston, TX.
U.S. and European Freight Railways: The Differences That Matter
Authors: Furtado Francisco Manuel Bastos Andrade
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the differences between the United States (U.S.) and European (EU27) freight railways. The inherent or structural factors influencing the railways modal share will be evaluated. It was found that nearly all of the disparity in modal share can be explained by structural or inherent differences, like the competitiveness of non-surface modes, shipment distances (both influenced by geography), and commodity mix (namely, coal). More striking are the differences in productivity, to move the same number of tons seven times, more trains are required in Europe compared with the U.S.. Operational revenues per ton-mile are around two times higher in Europe, while the operational expenses in the U.S. are four times lower than in Europe. It is argued that setting a goal for modal share similar to the U.S. is not realistic for the EU27. A key concern for European freight railways should be the reduction of operational costs, by increasing the trains’ sizes.Distinct policy answers were given to the railroads’ crisis in the post WWII years. Soon after 1980 when reforms were introduced in the U.S. there was a revival of the sector. The same has not happened in Europe, where questions regarding infrastructure financing or the coordination of network investments and operational needs remain.
Effects of Online Bookstores’ Perceived Quality on Consumer Loyalty: Consumer Satisfaction as a Mediator (Note 1)
Authors: Zhang Feixiang , Yang Yang
Published: November 2019

The paper adopts SPSS19.0 and AMOS20 to conduct an empirical study on the effects of e online bookstore perceived quality on consumer loyalty and the mediated effect of consumer satisfaction on the relationship, based on a 217 questionnaire data. The results show that online bookstore perceived quality does not have a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty; online bookstore perceived quality has a significant positive effect on online purchasing consumer satisfaction; online shopping consumer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty; consumer satisfaction has a total mediating effect on the relationship between online bookstore perceived quality and customer loyalty and online bookstore perceived quality has a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction. In order to fully play the mediating role of consumer satisfaction to improve the online bookstore consumer loyalty, the article puts forward related suggestions. The future research should expand the sample range and consider roles of other factors on the relationship.
The Impact of Green Supply Chain Management on Firm Performance: A Case of Manufacturing Industry of Karachi
Authors: Saad Muhammad , Siddiqui Danish Ahmed
Published: November 2019

This paper explored advancement in what performance factors affect Green Supply Chain Management practices of the firms. Data was collected through survey questionnaire, adopted and disseminated to 200 different employees working in different organizations based in Karachi that were associated with supply chain management activities. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. Results showed that environmental and financial performance of organization has no statistically significant association with green supply chain management. Whereas, organizational performance produced a positive and significant impact. The results are significant for managers of manufacturing organizations in improving the practices of green supply chain management and achieve competitive position in the industry.
A Novel Country Classification System for Choosing International Business Locations
Authors: Mohammed Mikidadu , Luundo Jean Marie
Published: November 2019

This paper introduces a novel country classification system that rates the political economy risks of countries for the purpose of conducting international business. It is intended to provide investors, multinational companies, and business researchers a quick and efficient way of gauging the extent of political, economic, and legal risks associated with doing business in different countries. The study covers over 170 countries and identifies 24 country types. At the extremes are Type 1 countries (least risky) and Type 24 countries (most risky). Overall, the new classification system suggests that political economy risks associated with doing international business are relatively mild in Type 1, Type 3, and Type 4 countries. However, international businesses should temper their investment decisions with caution in Type 19, Type 20, Type 22, Type 23, and Type 24 countries due to high political, economic, and legal risks, especially Types 23 and 24 where these risks are excessive. At the same time, international businesses may want to refocus their attention to Type 11 countries who are now havens for international investments due to drastic reduction in political, economic, and legal risks associated with doing business. The twenty-four country types identified in this new classification system are time-invariant. Thus, countries may move up or down due to improvements or deteriorations in certain aspects of their political economy.
Pain assessment in the course of cerebral palsy - a review of methods used in the practice of a physiotherapist, doctor and psychologist
Authors: Michalska Agata , Szerla Małgorzata K. , Przysło Łukasz , Dudek Jolanta , Ortenburger Dorota E.
Published: November 2019

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a syndrome in which movement and posture disorders are progressive, along with the stationary nature of damage to the central nervous system. Despite the heterogeneity of clinical and functional status, patients with CP are a group of patients at high-risk of the occurrence of diverse pain. The aim of this study was to review literature on the phenomenon of pain in the course of cerebral palsy. An attempt was made to present the characteristics of the phenomenon of pain, and gather tools for its evaluation. A review of Polish and English language literature, in which the issue of pain in the course of cerebral palsy was discussed (in terms of epidemiology, characteristics and evaluation methods). Research papers and reports from the past 15 years included in the databases: PubMed, Medline and websites of Polish medical publishing houses, were analyzed. The works were searched using the key words: cerebral palsy, mental retardation, pain, pain assessment scales. Patients with cerebral palsy – due to their chronic health problems and performed diagnostic-treatment and physiotherapeutic treatments – are at risk of experiencing acute and chronic pain. There is a need to improve knowledge regarding the phenomenon of pain in patients with CP. The optimal course of therapy in this group of patients requires comprehensive and multi-faceted co-operation of doctors, physiotherapists, psychologists and patients as well as their immediate caregivers. Professionals working with patients suffering from CP should be aware of the potential pain causes, possess assessment tools and have the skills and, above all, the desire to use them. cerebral palsy, pain, pain assessment Received: 18.09.2016; accepted: 22nd Jan. 2017
Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain: classification and diagnostics according to European guidelines and a review of literature
Authors: Starzec Małgorzata , Truszczyńska-Baszak Aleksandra
Published: November 2019

Lumbopelvic pain associated with pregnancy may originate from the lumbar spine, the pelvic girdle or may be mixed. According to European guidelines, individual subtypes of pain require different procedures, for which a detailed differential diagnosis is necessary. These ailments arouse a lot of controversy.

The aim of the work was to present the current state of knowledge on the aforementioned ailments, including European guidelines and the latest trends in foreign literature.

The diagnosis of lumbopelvic pain, with particular emphasis on the pathophysiology and methods of differentiation of both pain syndromes, was discussed. Lumbar spine pain is mainly related to the mechanical load caused by a pregnant uterus. In the case of pelvic girdle pain, the main cause is the disorder of optimal stability, which depends on the correct mechanisms of force and form closure. Pelvic girdle pain is characterized by other clinical symptoms and risk factors, it also often remains after pregnancy, having negative impact on the daily functioning of a woman even years after giving birth. Depending on the location (one or both sacroiliac joints, pubic symphysis), several types of this pain syndrome are distinguished. The worst prognosis is pelvic pain associated with the involvement of all three joints at the same time. Until now, this term has not been more widely used in the Polish-language literature.

The complexity of chronic pain syndromes, in which the discomforts of the pregnancy period may develop, entails the necessity of early identifi cation and deliberate action. Knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of these ailments is a prerequisite for therapeutic success. Introduction of terminology popular in foreign literature will improve treatment of these diseases, adapting it to current standards and will also enable better exchange of experience between professionals.

pelvic girdle pain, lumbar pain, pregnancy
Phantom phenomena in limb amputees – a review article
Authors: Krawczyk Paweł , Włoch Tomasz , Pirowska Aneta , Śliwka Agnieszka , Piliński Rafał , Maga Paweł , Golec Edward , Nowobilski Roman
Published: November 2019

Amputation leading to the loss of a body part is associated not only with significant economic costs, but also serious consequences of medical and socio-psychological nature. It is the ultimate means to save a life or improve its quality. The most difficult challenges faced by amputees include accepting changes regarding their own physiognomy and the resulting life restrictions. The patient subjected to amputation is faced with an extremely difficult adaptation process, during which s/he should strive for a maximum degree of independence. Unfortunately, a large group of patients also struggles with various types of sensations and pain located within the lost limb − i.e., so-called phantom phenomena. This is a special group of phenomena of diverse nature, “located” within the lost limb. The occurrence of phantom limb syndrome in amputee patients is extremely common. This problem affects from 45% to even 98% of patients after amputation of one or both upper and lower limbs. The main purpose of this article is to describe phantom phenomena observed in patients after limb amputation in light of current literature. The definition, historical outline, types of phantom phenomena are presented, as well as hypothetical pathomechanisms, factors influencing the frequency and intensity of phantom phenomena and available treatment methods. The work was based on numerous text sources and the author’s own experience.
Current knowledge on selected rehabilitative methods used in post-stroke recovery
Authors: Kiper Pawel , Pirowska Aneta , Stożek Joanna , Baba Alfonc , Agostini Michela , Turolla Andrea
Published: November 2019

Understanding brain plasticity after stroke is important in developing rehabilitation strategies. Active movement therapies show considerable promise but their individual application is still not fully implemented. Among the analysed, available therapeutic modalities, some became widely used in therapeutic practice. Thus, we selected three relatively new methods, i.e. mirror therapy, motor imagery and constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT). Mirror therapy was initially used in the treatment of phantom pain in patients with amputated limbs and later, in stroke patients. Motor imagery is widely used in sport to improve performance, which raises the possibility of applying it both as a rehabilitative method and in accessing the motor network independently of recovery. Whereas CIMT is based on the paradigm that impairment of arm function is exacerbated by learned non-use and that this, in turn, leads to loss of cortical representation in the upper limb.
Motor efficacy of individuals with Down Syndrome as part of their rehabilitation
Authors: Sadziak Aleksandra , Wieczorek Marta
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal developmental disorder. Due to the abnormalities of psychophysical development occurring in people with Down Syndrome, it is necessary to implement their rehabilitation. This process should enable achieving and then maintaining an optimal level of physical, mental and social functioning. It can be done through a planned motor efficacy improvement programme. Nowadays, the level of motor efficacy is recognized as a positive measure of health, as well as versatile resourcefulness. Study aim: The cognitive aim of the study was to determine the level of motor efficacy in individuals with Down Syndrome and to show the results of this group compared to those with intellectual disabilities but without Down Syndrome. The applicative goal of the research is to show motor fitness as a factor increasing the effectiveness of functioning in everyday life, which is one of the goals of rehabilitation. Material and methods: The study was conducted among 30 individuals with Down Syndrome of moderate intellectual disability. The method of research was direct observation, the tool – the Eurofit Special Motor Fitness Test. Results: Based on the results, it was noted that the developmental state in the area of motor skills of people with Down Syndrome is lower than in their peers with intellectual disability without Down syndrome. Only balance shows a significantly higher level in the study group compared to the control group. Conclusions: The results obtained in the study may be a starting point when planning improvement programmes being part of the rehabilitation process. Improving the level of motor fitness, which is the expected effect of rehabilitation, will also contribute to improving the health and social functioning of people with Down Syndrome.
Zagraniczna polityka gospodarcza UE w obliczu nowych wyzwań: modele, cele i interesy
Authors: Mołdowan Aleksy
Published: November 2019

The article presents the outcomes of the research concerned the issue of the European Union’s foreign economic policy, as well as its models and instruments. The EU applies various approaches in relations with third countries, that is determined by differences in aims it intends to achieve in every specific case. The EU acquis constitutes only general framework of the European Union’s foreign economic policy, that results in disorderliness and incoherence of European Union in relations with third countries. The Author identified key determinants, that actually shape current models of the European Union’s foreign economic policy towards various groups of states. Significant problems and failures have been found. Analysis carried out in the article leads to the conclusion that current models and instruments of foreign economic policy, used by the EU, are not sufficiently efficient and often do not allow to meet new challenges effectively. New approaches and solutions have been proposed by the Author can help to improve the foreign economic policy of the EU and to adjust it to the contemporary global challenges.
Ewolucja dążeń niepodległościowych Wysp Owczych
Authors: Szwed Katarzyna
Published: November 2019

The author analyses a problem of the genesis and evolution of the Faroe Islands’ aspiration for broadening the scope of the given autonomy. The Faroe Islands are dependent territory of the Kingdom of Denmark. The autonomy has had a long parliamentary tradition, as well as homogenous society aspiring to be recognised as a separate nation. Increasing the scope of a given autonomy was done in evolutionary and peaceful way with full respect to democracy and the rule of law. The Faroe Islands indicates the aspirations towards gaining the independence. Tendencies connected with Europeanisation and globalisation play a special role in the process. Still an unsolved issue, which may be an obstacle on the way to gain independence, remains the financial independence of the autonomy.
A COMPARISON OF TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCES OF Al2O3
AND Al2O3 + 40 wt .% TiO2 COATINGS MANUFACTURED
BY ATMOSPHERIC PLASMA SPRAYING
Authors: NIEMIEC Aneta , MICHALAK Monika , ŁATKA Leszek , SOKOŁOWSKI Paweł
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the results of tribological, microscopic and mechanical research of Al2O3 and Al2O3 + 40 wt.%
TiO2 coatings manufactured by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) were presented. The feedstock materials
were Al2O3 (Metco 6103, Oerlikon Metco) and Al2O3 + 40 wt.% TiO2 (Metco 131VF, Oerlikon Metco)
powders with the average grain size of 30 μm. The stainless steel (X5CrNi18-10) coupons had a diameter
equal to 25 mm and 2 mm of thickness. The morphology and microstructure of obtained coatings were tested
by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then adhesion tests and tribological examinations by ball-on-disc
(BoD) mode in technical dry friction conditions were carried out. During BoD testing, the load of 5 N was
used. It was concluded that the Al2O3 coating was characterized by higher wear resistance and microhardness,
but, at the same time, it was of lower fracture toughness than the Al2O3 + 40 wt.% TiO2 coating.
MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MONOLITH
AND COATING POLYETHERETHERKETONE
Authors: OTTO Mateusz , ZIMOWSKI Sławomir , SIKORA Wojciech , MOSKALEWICZ Tomasz
Published: November 2019

In this work, a comparative analysis of the micromechanical and tribological properties of polyetheretherketone
(PEEK) in bulk and coating form was performed. The PEEK 708 coating was applied on a Ti6Al4V titanium
alloy flat specimen using the electrophoretic deposition method. The micromechanical properties were
determined through indentation tests performed using the Vickers method and scratch tests. Based on research
work, the Vickers hardness (HV), elastic modulus (E), scratch hardness (HS), and Micro Mar Resistance
(MMR) were determined. The tribological properties were defined by the coefficient of friction (fs and fw),
which was obtained in scratch tests and ball-on-disk tests. The results of this research indicate, despite the
slightly higher Vickers hardness (HV) of the PEEK 708 coating (HV=350 MPa, HS=300 MPa) relative
to PEEK bulk (HV=300 MPa, HS=210 MPa), that there is an almost 40% difference between the scratch
hardness (HS) values of these PEEK forms. It appears from the result analysis in this paper that testing
methods to determine the micromechanical and tribological properties of PEEK in monolith form can be used
for both PEEK coatings. Under certain test conditions, the impact of the substrate properties on the results
of the PEEK 708 coating was not found.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
OF CARBON FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES
(CFRP) IN DRY SLIDING FRICTION CONDITIONS
Authors: Pieniak Daniel , GIL Leszek , WIT-RUSIECKI Albin Michał , KRZYŻAK Aneta , SELECH Jarosław , ROMEK Dawid
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study was to determine the usable and quality features and tribological properties of four
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer laminates (CFRP) newly developed by the authors and to indicate the
structures with the most advantageous functional properties. The developed material samples were based
on two types of prepreg, Kord Carbon (Fiberpreg GmbH) with twill weave and carbon fibres (UD) by the
manufacturer (G. Angeloni S.R.L) with a unidirectional system. In the structure of half of the total number
of samples, a manufacturer's (NTPT) epoxy adhesive film (AF) layer was used. Tests of indentation hardness
(universal) were carried out according to the Oliver-Pharr method. Tests of resistance to abrasive wear were
carried out in dry sliding friction conditions, using the ball-disc method. In combination, a ball made of
aluminium oxide (Al2O3) was used as a cooperating element. The test results indicate a significant impact of
the structure of the tested materials on the increase in contact strength and the improvement of the tribological
properties that result from the application of the AF layer.
Forschung im Justizvollzug – die Funktion und Perspektive der Kriminologischen Dienste
Authors: Endres Johann , Suhling Stefan
Published: November 2019

Der Strafvollzug ist ein von vielen besonderen Bedingungen geprägtes Forschungsfeld. Strafvollzugsgesetze bestimmen, dass Forschung im Strafvollzug zu fördern ist, gleichzeitig ist Forschungsunterstützung durch den Strafvollzug angesichts anderer primärer Ziele und Aufgaben und beschränkter Ressourcen als knappes Gut zu bezeichnen. In diesem Aufsatz werden Ablauf und Kriterien der Genehmigung von vollzugsexternen Forschungsprojekten beschrieben sowie die Funktion, die die Kriminologischen Dienste dabei einnehmen. Der Beitrag schließt mit Hinweisen, die Forschende bei der Planung ihrer Studie im Justizvollzug beachten sollten.
Wie man ins Gefängnis kommt – Staatliche Begrenzung von Strafvollzugsforschung im Lichte von Kontrolle und Transparenz
Authors: Fährmann Jan , Knop Julian
Published: November 2019

Beim Strafvollzug handelt es sich aus einer grund- und menschenrechtlichen Perspektive um einen besonders sensiblen Bereich. Gleichzeitig weist die aktuelle Gestaltung des Strafvollzugs Transparenz- und Kontrolldefizite auf. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern Strafvollzugsforschung zu erhöhter Transparenz und Kontrolle beitragen kann und welche Bedeutung in diesem Zusammenhang die Begrenzung von Strafvollzugsforschung durch den Staat hat.
El espacio como lugar para la educación cívica: diseño de un patio escolar mediante un proyecto de Aprendizaje - Servicio
Authors: Fuentes Juan Luis , Martín-Ondarza Prado , Redondo Corcobado Paloma
Published: November 2019

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio en el que los espacios físico y virtual desempeñan un papel central e interrelacionado. El proyecto fue desarrollado conjuntamente entre la Universidad Complutense y un centro educativo alejados geográficamente, con el objetivo de transformar pedagógicamente el patio escolar del propio centro. Los estudiantes del Grado en Educación Primaria trabajaron conjuntamente con los alumnos del colegio para el reacondicionamiento del espacio, atendiendo a criterios pedagógicos fundamentados en los contenidos de la asignatura Theory of Education, como la participación ciudadana y comunitaria en el proceso educativo, el compromiso docente, la formación ético-cívica, la inclusión, el cuidado del medio ambiente, el juego al aire libre, entre otros. La metodología utilizada ha sido de carácter cualitativo mediante el análisis de contenido de diferentes documentos, poniendo especial atención en el papel que la tecnología ha desempeñado tanto en la comunicación entre los dos centros, como en la visibilización y reivindicación de una necesidad educativa. Los resultados muestran la reflexión crítica promovida en los participantes por su colaboración en el proyecto, una importante implicación y compromiso cívico con necesidades socioeducativas, la comprensión del papel de las tecnologías en el ejercicio de la ciudadanía contemporánea y en el desarrollo de proyectos de Aprendizaje-Servicio, el impacto en la concepción de la identidad docente y el refuerzo de los vínculos entre la universidad, la escuela y la comunidad.
Artículos sobre CSS
Authors: Córcoles César , Mills Chris
Published: November 2019

Si hay algo constante en el mundo del HTML y el CSS es, precisamente, su variabilidad. No pasa un mes sin que surjan nuevas maneras de hacer, nuevas técnicas y nuevos estándares. En esta ocasión recogemos tres artículos sobre CSS.
Un día en el Mobile World Congress 2013
Authors: Ulldemolins Moreno Alvaro
Published: November 2019

El pasado día 27 de febrero estuvimos en el Mobile World Congress, la feria de referencia del sector “Mobile”, celebrada en Barcelona del 25 al 28 de febrero y que nos trajo muchas novedades, tales como la presencia de la tecnología 4G, la cuarta generación de telefonía móvil, así como varios y novedosos dispositivos móviles.
Marco Tabor
Authors: Casado Eva
Published: November 2019

Marco Tabor es el Relaciones Públicas y Director de Ventas de Enough Software, así como el coordinador de la Mobile Developer’s Guide to the Galaxy. La última edición de la guía (doceava), lanzada en el Mobile World Congress 2013, que ha sido traducida por primera vez al castellano por la UOC.
‘Comunicate Me’, una app sin limitaciones de idioma
Authors: Vega Trillo Ismael
Published: November 2019

Comunicate Me es un proyecto para crear una herramienta útil para entornos donde el uso de una lengua vehicular no es posible y donde los mensajes a transmitir no son demasiado complejos como, por ejemplo, los Centros de Atención Primaria. La idea no es crear otra aplicación como Whatsapp, Line o demás, sino desarrollar una herramienta específica que se pueda utilizar tanto de forma particular como en sitios de conflicto.
Complete mitogenome of Olidiana ritcheriina (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and phylogeny of Cicadellidae
Authors: Wang Xian-Yi , Wang Jia-Jia , Fan Zhi-Hua , Dai Ren-Huai
Published: November 2019

Background

Coelidiinae, a relatively large subfamily within the family Cicadellidae, includes 129 genera and ∼1,300 species distributed worldwide. However, the mitogenomes of only two species (Olidiana sp. and Taharana fasciana) in the subfamily Coelidiinae have been assembled. Here, we report the first complete mitogenome assembly of the genus Olidiana.

Methods

Specimens were collected from Wenxian County (Gansu Province, China) and identified on the basis of their morphology. Mitogenomes were sequenced by next-generation sequencing, following which an NGS template was generated, and this was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Phylogenic trees were constructed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses.

Results

The mitogenome of O. ritcheriina was 15,166 bp long, with an A + T content of 78.0%. Compared with the mitogenome of other Cicadellidae sp., the gene order, gene content, gene size, base composition, and codon usage of protein-coding genes (PCGs) in O. ritcheriina were highly conserved. The standard start codon of all PCGs was ATN and stop codon was TAA or TAG; COII, COIII, and ND4L ended with a single T. All tRNA genes showed the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnSer, which did not have the dihydrouridine arm. Furthermore, the secondary structures of rRNAs (rrnL and rrnS) in O. ritcheriina were predicted. Overall, five domains and 42 helices were predicted for rrnL (domain III is absent in arthropods), and three structural domains and 27 helices were predicted for rrnS. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses indicated that O. ritcheriina and other Coelidiinae members were clustered into a clade, indicating the relationships among their subfamilies; the main topology was as follows: (Deltocephalinae + ((Coelidiinae + Iassinae) + ((Typhlocybinae + Cicadellinae) + (Idiocerinae + (Treehopper + Megophthalminae))))). The phylogenetic relationships indicated that the molecular taxonomy of O. ritcheriina is consistent with the current morphological classification.
Assessment of Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors of Pre-diabetes/Diabetes among University Students: A Cross Sectional-study at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Afranie Bright Oppong , Donkor Sampson , Koffie Simon , Segbefia Selorm Philip , Gyapong Joseph Badu , Amoah Beatrice , Nimoh Kwabena Fofie , Sampson Joseph Entwi
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases globally and its complications include retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Early detection of the risk factors and management of pre-diabetes can however reduce the risk of developing diabetes-related complications.

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess cardio-metabolic risk factors for diabetes among undergraduate students at KNUST.

Method: The study was carried out at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology at Kumasi, from January 2017 to March 2017. Questionnaires were administered to 500 participants (45% males and 55% females) to obtain demographic and anthropometric data, information on physical activity, and knowledge on diabetes. About 5 ml of venous blood was taken from participants after an overnight fast to determine fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipid profile.

Results: The mean age of participants were 21±2.40 years and 19.24±2.42 years for male and female respectively. Prevalence rate of pre-diabetes was 5% in this study. Mean values of systolic pressure (p<0.001) and blood glucose level (p=0.042) were significantly higher in men than the females. There was a significant association between the total cholesterol and the fasting blood sugar levels among participants (p=0.045). LDL-cholesterols concentrations were also significantly associated with blood sugar levels among participants (p<0.001). Risk factors such physical exercise (p<0.001) and family history (p<0.001) if diabetes were significantly associated with fasting blood glucose levels of participants. Obesity was no associated with serum glucose levels among participants in this study (p=0.533). HDL-cholesterol was inversely correlated with Fasting blood sugar even though it was no significant (r=-0.240, p=0.430).

Conclusion: The prevalence rate of pre-diabetes was 5% in this study. Education about the disease as well as appropriate modification of lifestyle can help reduce the incidence of diabetes and its associated risk factors.
Preliminary Screening of Bio-surfactant Producing Bacteria Isolated from an Oil Contaminated Soil
Authors: Hassan Kawo Abdullahi , Sani Yahaya , Ajoke Olawore Yemisi
Published: November 2019

Spent motor oil represents one of the most prominent and tenacious contaminants of soil within mechanic workshops across Nigeria. Adaptation and natural evolution proffer a rich array of a microorganism capable of producing bio-surfactants which are of high value to industry, particularly in hydrocarbon degradation. This study was undertaken to isolate and screen for bio-surfactant producing bacterial strains isolated from engine oil contaminated mechanic sites. Data obtained revealed that using 0.3% Fluconazole supplemented nutrient agar media, bacterial isolates were obtained from soil samples within Apo mechanic village, Abuja, Nigeria. Hemolytic assay method and foam capacity test were used for screening. The positive strains were grown in liquid medium and the emulsification index (EI24) was determined. A total of 3 bacterial isolates referred to as A2, B1 and C8 were positive for the hemolytic and foam capacity tests, with an emulsification index (EI24) of 40.0, 11.7 and 36.7 respectively. Growth measurements were determined by measuring optical density of the cells in broth using spectrophotometer at 605nm over a 96 hour incubatory period in nutrient broth at 4ºC, 37ºC, 42ºC. All isolates displayed mesophilic characteristics withprogressive growth. At 37ºC, isolate A2 had the highest growth rate via optical density readout 1.95, 2.11, 2.32, 2.55, measured at 605nm. Isolate A2 also the best performing isolate at 42ºC with optical density readings of 1.32, 1.00, 0.91 and 1.68, thereby suggestive of thermotolerant ability. All isolates demonstrated good growth in broth medium with pH ranging from 8.97-9.16 at 37ºC. All isolates were positive for catalase and citrate, negative for methyl red, Voges-Proskauer and indole tests. Isolate A2 was the only gram-positive, oxidase negative and non-motile bacteria. The bio-surfactants produced by the three different bacterial isolates would possess chemically distinct signatures that can be harnessed for multiple applications ranging from bioremediation to degradable detergent uses.
The Impact of EVI1 on Carbonic Anhydrase III Expression and the Sensitivity of Rat1 Fibroblasts to H2O2-induced Apoptosis
Authors: Albishi Ali Mohammed Abdullah
Published: November 2019

EVI1 is a transcriptional factor with two distinct zinc finger domains and encoded in human chromosome 3q26. In human, the protein is believed to have role in cell proliferation, organogenesis and it was detected in kidneys and lungs. EVI1 overexpression has been associated with various conditions such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). In the present study, Carbonic Anhydrase III (CaIII) was expressed at much lower levels in EVI1 overexpressing fibroblast cells compared to the wild type indicating an inhibitory role of EVI1 against CaIII. Our results were further confirmed by western blot in which CaIII protein in normal fibroblast cells was more abundance than that in cells with EVI1 enforced expression. Furthermore, Luciferase reporter assay showed repressed promotor activity in EVI1 overexpressing cells resulted from EVI1 interfering with CaIII promotor by direct or indirect binding. Fibroblast cells with repressed CaIII showed higher sensitivity to apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide, this is attributed to the downregulation of CaIII gene which has a defensive role against the oxidative damage. It has been reported that the CaIII overexpression increases the cell resistance against the oxidative stress caused by exposure to H2O2. Thus, elevated EVI1 levels repress CaIII expression leading to increased cell sensitivity to H2O2-induced apoptosis. These findings seem to be constant with previous studies, and might introduce a novel approach to treat leukaemia depending on H2O2-induced apoptosis.
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Markers and Hormonal Profiles in Women Diagnosed with Infertility in Port Harcourt
Authors: Lawrence Olofinshawo, Olanrewaju , Samuel Bartimaeus, Ebirien-Agana , Gabriel Davies, Tamuno-Emine
Published: November 2019

Aim: The study evaluates the contribution of oxidative stress and fertility hormones to female infertility in Port Harcourt.

Methodology: A total of 140 women aged 15 – 49 years consisting 70 apparently healthy infertile women who are attending diagnostic fertility clinics in Port Harcourt as test subjects and 70 age-matched healthy fertile women as control were recruited. Subjects were recruited using structured questionnaires after given their informed consent. The levels of Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation index, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, progesterone and estrogen of infertile and the fertile (control) subjects were determined by standard procedures.

Results: There was statistically significant increase in lipid peroxidation index in the test subjects than in the fertile group (p<0.05). Total antioxidant capacity showed a statistically reduced value in the test subjects than in the control at p<0.05. Lipid peroxidation index was significantly increased  in test subjects exposed to oxidant agents like alcohol, infections and ulcer than their counterparts who were not exposed to any of the agents (p<0.05). Also significantly elevated lipid peroxidation was observed in test subjects with normal hormone levels compared to those with hormone imbalance (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The outcome of this study suggests that the infertility being experienced by some of the infertile women in Port Harcourt are due not only to endocrine dysfunction, but some order conditions that induce oxidative stress. Thus investigation of oxidative parameters is highly suggested as an adjunct for effective management of unexplained infertility in women. Further studies on estimation of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GHR) are recommended to validate reliability.
Isolation and Identification of Microorganisms Growing on the Root of Leguminous Plants (Groundnut, Soya bean and Pea)
Authors: Akin-Osanaiye Bukola Catherine , Arowolo Oluwatobi Olaife , Olobayotan Ifeyomi Wilfred
Published: November 2019

Study on the isolation and identifications of bacteria associated with the root of legumes were conducted using Spread Plate Technique. The frequencies of occurrences of the bacteria isolate showed that a total of sixteen (16) bacteria belonging to three genera and four species were isolated from the leguminous plants. Maximum number recovered from sample collected from the root of groundnut was seven (7) followed by Soya bean with five (5) while Pea recorded the least number of four (4). Role of Bacillus subtilis in the soil around the leguminous plant was the highest, which covered about 37.50% of the total isolates. Other bacteria that were also isolated from the soil around the legumes root include Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus which covered about four (4) each representing 25.0% of the total isolates while Pseudomonas aeruginosa recorded the least value of 12.50%. The bacteria isolated from the root of the legumes were not significantly different (P < 0.05). The bacteria have Nitrogen-fixing potential, having isolated from three leguminous plants which include Soya bean, Groundnut and Pea.
Biochemical Changes Associated with Consumption (by Rats) of “Garri” Processed by Traditional and Instant Mechanical Methods
Authors: Airaodion A. I. , Ene A. C. , Ogbuagu E. O. , Okoroukwu V. N. , Ekenjoku J. A. , Ogbuagu U.
Published: November 2019

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the biochemical changes in rats, associated with the consumption of “garri” (roasted (fried) fermented cassava flour) processed by traditional and instant mechanical methods.

Methods: Cassava samples obtained from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan were processed using traditional and instant mechanical methods. Fifteen adult male Wistar rats were purchased from the Animal Holding Unit of the Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, with body weights between 100 and 120 g. They were acclimatized for 7 days during which they were fed ad libitum with standard feed and drinking water. They were randomly divided into 3 groups of 5 rats each. Rats in group A were fed with pure standard rat chow. Rats in group B were fed with garri processed by instant mechanical method (fermented ≤ 24 hours before roasting) while those in group C were fed with garri processed by the traditional method (fermented ≥ 72 hours before roasting). After 28 days of feeding, the animals were fasted overnight and anaesthetized using diethyl ether. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture. Hepatic and renal indices were determined using standard methods.

Results: Mild perturbations were observed in the liver and renal biochemical parameters when animals fed with garri processed by the traditional method were compared with that fed garri processed by instant mechanical method and control diet. These perturbations were more severe in animals fed with garri processed by instant mechanical method.

Conclusion: In this study, both garri samples did not cause hepatic nor renal damage but mild perturbation of biochemical parameters were observed. These perturbations were more severe in animals fed with garri processed by instant mechanical method. This could be attributed to the high cyanide content in it.
Paternal Contribution to Banana (Musa sapientum L.) & Plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.) Progenies & Progeny Ploidy Composition in a Polycross Mating System Using RAPD & Flow Cytometry
Authors: Wilson Victoria , Tenkouano Abdou , Pillay Michael
Published: November 2019

Aims: A 4x – 2x polycross mating design of 4 tetraploid female parents was established to determine paternal contributions of 3 diploid male parents to resulting progenies, their ploidy composition and genetic diversity of synthetic hybrids.

Study Design: The polycross mating design comprised 2 blocks having both maternal and paternal selections, with seed parents replicated at 12 plants per clone. Each crossing block had 31 plants of each of the three male parents.

Place and Duration of Study: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) High Rainfall Station, Onne (4º51’N, 7º03’E, 10 m above sea level), Rivers State, South-South Nigeria for a period of 24 months.

Methodology: At maturity of maternal parents (TMPx 2796-5; TMPx 1658-4; TMPx 5511-2; and TMPx 7152-2), fruit bunches were harvested, ripened and the seeds extracted. Hard seeds obtained were germinated in vivo in seed trays and emerging seedlings transplanted to perforated nursery bags. At 12 weeks, DNA was extracted from candle leaf for RAPD analysis of 80 progenies and the 3 pollen parents. Ploidy status of progenies was determined using flow cytometry method.

Results: There was significant unequal paternal contribution to Musa polycross progenies with 3 maternal parents; TMPx 2796-5, TMPx 5511-2, and TMPx 1658-4. Two of the 3 paternal parents had progenies with all 4 maternal parents while TMB2x 5105-1 did not have any progeny with TMPx 2796-5. Progenies exhibited 4 ploidy levels with frequency differing with each female parent: TMPx 7152-2 produced 100% 3x progeny; TMPx 5511-2, 63% 3x and 37% 2x; TMPx 2796-5, 91% 3x and 9% 2x and TMPx 1658-4, 82% 3x, 9% 2x, 6% 4x and 3% 5x. The 5x progeny was recorded in the first ratoon crop. The second ratoon crop had only triploids.

Conclusion: The high frequency of 3x progenies from all maternal types in this study, suggests the effectiveness of the polycross mating design in Musa improvement.
Factors Contributing to Student Success in Online and Media Site Courses: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Shaughnessy Michael F. , Johnson Aaron , Viner Mark , Flores Geni , Singh Ajay
Published: November 2019

While online learning has been with us now as an educational, pedagogical device for a few years, there is scant research on the factors that contribute to success in this endeavour. This very brief exploratory investigation explores the thinking and perspectives and attributes of faculty, students (undergraduate and graduate) and instructional technologists via a brief Qualtrics survey. Preliminary results are discussed and implications offered.