bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
efeitos do funcionalismo teleológico de Claus Roxin sobre a dogmática penal
Authors: Praxedes Thiago Castro
Published: October 2021

Reconhecendo a influência das teorias funcionalistas do pós Segunda Guerra Mundial sobre o Direito Penal, realiza-se, no presente artigo, a análise dos efeitos do funcionalismo teleológico de Claus Roxin sobre a construção dogmática do conceito de crime, especialmente em relação ao seu terceiro substrato, que, sob o prisma finalista, era constituído pela culpabilidade. Para tanto, por meio de um processo de revisão bibliográfica, investigam-se, de início, as circunstâncias do surgimento das referidas teorias no âmbito das ciências criminais; posteriormente, analisa-se o modelo de funcionalismo desenvolvido por Claus Roxin, identificando-se, nos termos da sua concepção, as funções centrais do Direito Penal e as suas consequências sobre a demarcação das finalidades da pena. Por fim, estudam-se as mudanças engendradas pela sua teoria na construção da dogmática penal, centralizando-se a referida análise na passagem do conceito finalista de culpabilidade para o conceito funcionalista de responsabilidade.
Blockchain
Authors: Leite Gleidson Sobreira
Published: October 2021

No contexto do combate ao crime, instituições governamentais de vários países instituíram unidades ou setores especializados para atuar em diferentes áreas e expertises como, por exemplo, em atividades de investigação e inteligência. Entretanto, por atuarem em um cenário voltado a atividades restritas, ou que muitas vezes envolvem informações ou ativos sigilosos, surge a necessidade de adoção de soluções alternativas voltadas à gestão, armazenamento e/ou compartilhamento de ativos digitais com a preocupação em segurança da informação. Sendo uma das tecnologias que vem ganhando cada vez mais espaço no mercado mundial, blockchain vem se apresentando como uma solução viável para o setor público e o governo. Explorando as principais características da tecnologia blockchain, este documento apresenta uma visão geral das diferentes tendências de aplicação da tecnologia, e propõe o uso de blockchain como mecanismo de suporte no gerenciamento, armazenamento e/ou compartilhamento de ativos digitais gerados no contexto de unidades especializadas que atuam no combate à criminalidade.
autonomia da vontade das partes nos contratos internacionais
Authors: Amorim André Ricci
Published: October 2021

Os contratos internacionais constituem uma verdadeira transformação nas relações privadas e se mostra cada vez mais presente no cotidiano das grandes cidades. Assim, o escopo geral do presente trabalho é examinar as principais características dos contratos internacionais, de sorte que seja possível compreender o seu conceito jurídico e os seus elementos principais. Como objetivo específico, busca-se analisar a autonomia da vontade das partes, e como esse princípio pode ser afetado pelo direito doméstico e pelo Direito Internacional Privado. Para tanto, é realizada pesquisa doutrinária e de instrumentos jurídicos, nacionais e internacionais, em especial, do Brasil, da Organização dos Estados Americanos e da União Europeia, a fim de se vislumbrar o entendimento acerca da autonomia da vontade das partes nos contratos internacionais. Por fim, traz-se à baila a discussão quanto à interpretação do Artigo 9º da LINDB e suas consequências para o desenvolvimento do Direito Internacional Privado no Brasil.
Witness protection in the criminal justice system of the Baham
Authors: Bakibinga David Baxter
Published: October 2021

Witness protection is now firmly entrenched in the modern criminal justice systems especially in jurisdictions dealing with organized and violent crime. The decision by the government of The Commonwealth of The Bahamas to enact legislation in respect to procedural and non-procedural measures for protection of witnesses is commendable, given that violent and organized crime is rife in the country. This article highlights the basic tenets of witness protection and the legal framework, both at the international and national level. It also addresses the role of key duty bearers in the process of witness protection. Furthermore the procedural and non-procedural measures taken by law enforcement officers in The Bahamas are explored. And lastly, the challenges encountered in the implementation of the witness protection measures in The Bahamas are examined. This is intended to aid policy makers, advisers and those entrusted with decision making, like parliamentarians, to devise means and ways to eradicate and/or mitigate challenges faced in the implementation of witness protection measures in The Bahamas.
role of the public prosecutor in the United States
Authors: Kovac Michael C.
Published: October 2021

Prosecutors in the United States play multifaceted roles in their criminal justice system. They provide guidance during the investigative stages of cases, lead the prosecution of cases in the country’s adversarial proceedings, police their own profession, and lead legislative efforts aimed at making the system more just for all involved. There are separate prosecuting offices for the separate sovereignties located within the countries. Statutes, constitutions, and case law establish the rights and duties of those separate offices. All prosecuting offices in the United States share the pursuit of justice as their common goal.
Inconstitucionalidade material da confissão no acordo de não persecução penal
Authors: Silva José Carlos Félix da , Reis Debora Cristyna Ferreira , Silva Klinsmann Alison Rodrigues Félix da
Published: October 2021

O acordo de não persecução penal foi introduzido no código de processo penal através da lei 13.964/19, com o intuito de aprimorar a justiça negociada e favorecer o atendimento das demandas a fim gerar punição mais efetiva. Contudo, uma problemática tomou voz, sendo ela a confissão como requisito à celebração do acordo entre Ministério Público e acusado, o que denota inconstitucionalidade para tanto, tendo em vista a sua notória desnecessidade, angariando eventual vantagem ao parquet em possível instauração da ação penal. Partindo do método bibliográfico e documental, o presente trabalho irá apresentar como ocorre a inconstitucionalidade material da confissão, partindo da análise da evolução histórica do processo penal à inserção do acordo no âmbito jurídico brasileiro, a fim de demonstrar o vício no requisito da confissão. Então, embora seja instituto inovador, a discussão é válida, tendo em vista que ocasionará efeitos jurídicos práticos ao longo do tempo.
aplicação da ‘Lei da Ficha Limpa’ como óbice a nomeação em cargos públicos
Authors: Oliveira André Cavalcanti de
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo aborda a possibilidade de aplicação da ‘Lei da Ficha Limpa’ para além da seara do Direito Eleitoral, dentro de um contexto de ‘microssistema legal da moralidade pública e da tutela do patrimônio público’ vinculado ao Princípio Constitucional da Moralidade Administrativa. Apresenta-se uma evolução histórico-sociológica da necessidade de atenção aos critérios subjetivos e objetivos dos indivíduos aptos a assumirem cargos públicos, como forma de aprimoramento institucional das sociedades na prevenção à corrupção. Por meio de duas decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal vislumbra-se o surgimento de jurisprudência na aplicação da ‘Lei da Ficha Limpa’ para além do Direito Eleitoral.
Pengaruh Cangkang Kerang Laut Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
Authors: Rahmawati Neti , Lakawa Irwan , Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: October 2021

Concrete is one of the most widely used building materials today interms of physical construction. Concrete is made from a mixture offine, coarse aggregate, cement, and water with a certain ratio, aswell as materials that are usually added to the concrete mixtureduring or during mixing, to changing the properties of concrete tomake it more suitable in certain jobs and more economical, can alsobe added with certain other mixed materials as needed if deemednecessary. Seashells can be used to mix concrete. This study aims todetermine whether the addition of shells aggregate shells in aconcrete mixture can affect the mechanical properties of concrete.The specimens used are in the form of cubes with a size of 15cm x 15cm x 15 cm, consisting of additional concrete coarse and fineaggregate with shell substitution percentage of 0%, 15%, 20% with atotal sample of 45, with the planned concrete quality of K225. Theuse of sea shells in increasing the compressive strength of concrete isbetter used as fine aggregate than coarse aggregate. The use of seashells as a substitute for fine aggregates achieves maximum resultsat 20% composition.
POTENSI ZAKAT SEBAGAI FILANTROPI ISLAM DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI
Authors: Listiana Heni
Published: October 2021

Pengelolaan zakat yang selama ini telah dilakukan oleh badan amilzakat secara keseluruhan belum maksimal sehingga syiar Islamnya pun belummampu melakukan perubahan paradigma masyarakat khususnya umat Islam.Yang perlu dilakukan lebih intens oleh BAZ/ LAZ adalah klasifikasi danpengelompokan sasaran penerima zakat, yaitu kelompok mustahiq yang sesuaiuntuk menerima zakat produktif dan mustahiq yang hanya bisa diberi zakatkonsumtif (untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari). Sehingga implementasi daridakwah Islam melalui zakat sebagai pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat bisaoptimal. Pemerintah harus sesegera mungkin untuk melakukan revisi UU tentangZakat yang mencakup prosedur pengelolaan Zakat, regulasi zakat sebagaipengurang pajak, pembentukkan departemen/ direktorat zakat yang bersinergidengan lembaga keuangan/ Ditjen Pajak.
ENGKU HAMIDA INTERNATIONAL FERRY PORT WITH NEOCLASIC ARCHITECTURE APPROACH PELABUHAN FERRY INTERNASIONAL ENGKU HAMIDA DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR NEOKLASIK
Authors: Amartha Amalia Tasya , Sasmito Adi , Mandaka Mutiawati
Published: October 2021

Pelabuhan Ferry Internasional Engku Hamida merupakan pelabuhan penumpang bertaraf internasional dengan tujuan Negara tetangga terdekat yaitu Malaysia dan Singapore yang mana dapat ditempuh dengan waktu 1-2 jam menggunakan kapal ferry. Lagoi merupakan alternatif lokasi untuk pembangunan pelabuhan ferry internasional engku hamida yang mana letaknya sangat dekat dengan Negara tetangga dan salah satu tempat pariwisata di Kepulauan Riau. Pendekatan konsep yang diterapkan yaitu pendekatan arsitektur neoklasik yang dapat terlihat pada bangunan terminal pelabuhan dan masjid. Terminal pelabuhan ferry internasional engku hamida memuat aktifitas penumpang berupa keberangkatan atau Embarkasi, Kedatangan atau Debarkasi, pengguna sebagai penjemput atau pengantar, dan pengguna bagian perdagangan ( Toko, restoran, dan lain-lain). Tujuan dari perancangan pelabuhan ferry internasional engku hamida yaitu untuk memfasilitasi bangunan pemerintah dalam bidang akomodasi dan infrastruktur serta sebagai wadah untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat Bintan disegala bidang, selain itu juga untuk menarik minat kapal-kapal untuk bersandar dan memiliki prospek kedepan. Fasilitas pada pelabuhan ferry internasional engku hamida terdiri dari terminal penumpang, masjid, dan fasilitas penunjang yang diperuntukkan untuk penumpang atau pengguna pelabuhan.
KARIMUNJAWA INTERNASIONAL AIRPORT BANDARA INTERNASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA
Authors: Setia Budi Aris , Dian Susanti Anityas , Sasmito Adi
Published: October 2021

Transportasi udara merupakan salah satu alat transportasi yang dibutuhkan negara Indonesia, transportasi ini dapat menghubungkan, serta dapat menjangkau wilyah negara Indonesia dengan waktu yang singkat. Transportasi udara sendiri dapat digunakan untuk kepentingan bisinis, maupun untuk kepentingan kegiatan pariwisata. Mengingat bahwa sektor bidang pariwisata di Indonesia saat ini sedang menjadi perhatian pemerintah, dengan harapan agar sektor pariswisata dapat menjadi salah satu tulang punggung perekonomian negara Indonesia di masa mendatang. Gagasan ide dari penulisan ini, berawal dari sayembara desain Bandara Dewandaru yang diadakan oleh IAI (Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia) yang bekerja sama dengan Dinas Kepariwisataan Indonesia, dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan desain bandara bertaraf internasional, guna untuk menunjang kegiatan pariwisata Indonesia ke kancah internasional, khusunya kegiatan pariwisata yang berada di Kepulauan Karimunjawa, Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Desain bandara nantinya adalah jenis bandara internasional, yang mengusung konsep arsitektur tropis modern, dengan mempertimbangkan unsur kearifan daerah yang dikonsep menjadi lebih modern.
INTEGRATED TERMINAL IN SEMARANG WITH A MODERN ARCHITECTURAL APPROACH TERMINAL TERPADU DI0SEMARANG0DENGAN0PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR MODERN
Authors: Anam Saeful , Wardianto Gatoet , Dian Susanti Anityas
Published: October 2021

Terminal adalah sustu tempat dimana transportasi umum mengawali ataupun mengakhiri dalam pelayanan masyarakat yang sedang melakukan perjalanan.Terminal sangatlah penting dalam menyelenggarakan angkutan umum saat ini. Karena terminal yaitu tempat untuk pertemuan antara penyedia jasa maupun pengguna jasa itu sendiri, tempat dimana membawa penumpang ataupun barang, tempat dimana pada saat melakukan perjalanan ataupun mengakhiri perjalanan kendaraan umum, mengawasi, mengatur serta mengoprasikan lalulintas, dan tempat peristirahatan bagi angkutan umum. Kajian pola sirkulasi pada terminal ini menunjukkan adanya permasalahan parker ataupun arus kendaraan pada terminal yang masih perlu di tingkatkan lagi. Tempat parkir dan sirkulasi kendaraan pada terminal yang harus ditingkatkan lagi, Sirkulasi pada terminal sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap kelancaran dan mencegah crossing antar transportasi dengan pengguna pada terminal.
PENGGUNAAN METODA ETNOGRAFI DALAM PENELITIAN ARSITEKTUR
Authors: Amin Choirul , Purwanto LMF
Published: October 2021

Metoda penelitian Etnografi adalah sebuah teknik atau langkah langkah penelitian yang lazimnya atau biasanya dipergunakan dalam ilmu Antropologi dan Ilmu Sosial. Apakah metoda penelitian etnografi dapat dipergunakan dalam penelitian arsitektur?, dalam jurnal ini peneliti mencoba mencari korelasi bagaimana sebuah metoda etnografi dapat dipergunakan dalam sebuah penelitian Arsitektur. Metoda penelitian Etnografi biasanya dilakukan secara kualitatif, untuk membahas atau cara meneliti sebuah obyek penelitian yang sifatnya erat dengan perilaku manusia, berupa adat istiadat dan kebiasaan masyarakat dalam suatu bangunan, atau kelompok bangunan atau pada sebuah kawasan yang terus menerus dilakukan sebagai hasil dari pengejawantahan suatu kebiasaan yang berkembang dari pola piker manusia yang disebut kebudayaan. Kebudayaan sendiri merupakan suatu unsur dasar dalam ilmu Arsitektur, dimana didalamnya mempelajari tentang pelaku – aktifitas – kebutuhan ruang hingga akhirnya menjadi program perencanaan dan perancangan yang kemudian diwujudkan dalam sebuah manifestasi karya Arsitektur. Tanpa kebudayaan sebuah karya arsitektur hanyalah sebuah artefak tanpa konsep dan makna sehingga tidak berbunyi dan berarti apa apa karena tidak ada isi berkaitan dengan perilaku penghuni didalamnya. Dari hal hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwasanya penelitian ilmu arsitektur yang menggunakan metoda penelitian etnografi sangat dapat dipakai dan dipergunakan pada penelitian arsitektur, terutama pada kajian atau ruang lingkup kebudayaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah membuktikan bahwa penelitian dengan metoda etnografi dapat dipakai dalam sebuah penelitian arsitektur terutama dalam ruang lingkup arsitektur budaya.
SIMULASI ECOTECT PADA PENCAHAYAAN DIDALAM RUANGAN DENGAN MENGUNAKAN ROSTER
Authors: Tri Arinta Rizka , Fikri Muhammad , Pradewa Pandu
Published: October 2021

Beradaptasi dengan dunia digital saat ini, sebuah desain bangunan yang merespon iklim setempat sudah mampu diukur dengan menggunakan simulasi. Proses ini membantu perancangan bangunan menjadi lebih matang dan terukur. Pencahayaan alami menjadi faktor utama pembahasan penelitian ini. Mulai dari pengukuran besaran cahaya (lux) hingga pada karakter cahaya yang didapatkan dari penggunanaan material roster. Biasa diaplikasikan sebagai Secondary skin (selubung bangunan) guna merupakan pelindung fisik bangunan dari paparan cuaca seperti hujan dan sinar matahari. Sehingga penggunaan roster ini perlu untuk dilihat keefektifannya dalam optimalisasi cahaya masuk ke dalam ruang serta karakter cahaya yang masuk kedalam ruang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif berbasis simulasi bangunan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak ECOTECT, aplikasi ini menjadi satu alat analisis lingkungan yang memungkinkan arsitek dan desainer untuk mensimulasikan proses pembangunan pada fase konseptual. Dalam pengukuran kualitas cahaya pada analisa yang telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan aplikasi Autodesk Ecotec, penggunaan material secondaryskin terhadap ruangan masih efektif terhadap cahaya yang masuk kedalam ruangan dimana sebagian besar ruangan mendapatkan pencahayaan alami sebesar 120 lux. Dalam tampilan simulasi ditandai dengan indikator warna biru pada lantai ruangan tempat tidu yang menjadi objek penelitian ini. Mayoritas pencahayaan pada ruangan sebesar 130 lux sudah cukup untuk memenuhi standar SNI.
Time and Clerical Burden Posed by the Current Electronic Health Record for Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Kesler Kyle , Wynn Malynda , Pugely Andrew J.
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

The electronic health record (EHR) has become an integral part of modern medical practice. The balance of benefit versus burden of a required EHR remains inconclusive, with many studies identifying increasing physician burnout and less face-to-face patient contact because of increasing documentation demands. Few studies have investigated EHR burden in orthopaedic surgery practice. This study aimed to characterize and compare EHR usage patterns and time allocation within EHR between orthopaedic surgeons, other surgeons, and medicine physicians at an academic medical center.

Methods:

EHR usage was digitally tracked within a large academic medical center. EHR usage data were compiled for all physicians seeing outpatients from April 2018 to June 2019. The tracking metrics included time spent answering messages, typing notes, reviewing laboratories and imaging, reading notes, and placing orders. Physicians were subdivided between orthopaedic surgeons, other surgeons, and nonsurgeon/medical specialties. Statistical comparisons using a two-sample t-test were done between orthopaedic surgeon EHR usage patterns and other surgeons, in addition to orthopaedic surgeons versus nonsurgeons.

Results:

One thousand sixty physicians including 28 full-time orthopaedic surgeons, 134 other surgeons, and 898 nonsurgical medicine physicians met inclusion criteria. Orthopaedic surgeons saw on average 31 patients per office day compared with other surgeons at 18 patients per office day (P < 0.01) and nonsurgeons at 12 patients per office day (P < 0.01). Orthopaedic surgeons received more EHR messages while also being more efficient at answering EHR messages compared with other surgeons and nonsurgeons (P < 0.01). EHR tasks, including answering messages, placing orders, chart review, writing notes, and reviewing imaging, consumed 58% of an orthopaedic surgeon's scheduled office day with the largest contribution from required note writing.

Discussion:

In academic orthopaedic practice, EHR use has surpassed face-to-face patient time, consuming 58% of orthopaedic surgeons' clinical days. With the previously shown correlation between EHR burden and physician burnout, targeted interventions to increase efficiency and off-load EHR burden are necessary to sustain a successful orthopaedic practice.
A Study on Prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infections among Married Women in a Rural Area of Kanchipuram Tamilnadu
Authors: Rettayan K Pragnya , Edward Shanthi
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Reproductive Tract Infection (RTI) is a major public and reproductive health threat globally. The burden of RTI deprives contribution of women in socioeconomic and cultural development. The aim is to determine the prevalence of RTI in married women and to spell out various associating factors of RTI.

Methodology: A cross sectional study done in the rural area around Sree Balaji Medical College. Using purposive sampling, 365 women were selected as study participants. Data collection was done using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version25.

Results: Among the 365 women, who participated in the study, the prevalence of RTI was 42%. Those reported more symptoms of RTI belonged to 16-25 (37.2%) years of age group. The commonest symptom reported by the women was abnormal vaginal discharge (16.4%), followed by lower abdominal pain (10.94%). The symptoms of reproductive tract infection were associated with age, age at marriage, education, socioeconomic status and menstrual hygiene practices.

Conclusion: Proper management, health education reduces high prevalence of RTI. Women should have enough knowledge to seek proper medical care for infections which are curable and reduces the risk of developing further complications.
Impact of High Commitment Human Resource Management Practices on Performance in Chinese SME
Authors: Ling Chao , Amponstira Fuangfa
Published: October 2021

High Commitment Human Resource Management is a commonly used human resource management method. Scholars’ research mostly focuses on its impact on organizational performance, ignoring the importance of individual employees’ behavior in modern enterprises. Based on AMO theory. This paper is taking China's small and medium-sized enterprises as the research object, to discuss the mechanism of the High Commitment Human Resource Management Practices on Performance perceived by employees in the organization. Data from 420 empirical Guangzhou textile companies show that high-commitment human resource management can significantly improve performance, and the ability system, motivation system, and opportunity system can all promote performance.
A internacionalização das instituições de ensino superior sob a luz da teoria de Uppsala: estudo de casos em escolas de negócios
Authors: Andrade Patricia Mara Simões , Romani-Dias Marcello , Sousa Caio
Published: October 2021

Objective: Propose an unprecedented initial categorization structure on the internationalization process of Brazilian HEIs, according to the Uppsala model Methodology: With the qualitative method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives of the HEIs, reviewing and articulating the literature with content analysis on all data obtained.Originality: The study links a classic approach to internationalization with the current reality of higher education institutions. Thus, it is expected that there will be a new conception on how HEIs can optimize their strategies for international insertion.Main results: The internationalization of HEI can be analyzed by three main categorized elements, they are: i) the drivers; ii) enablers and, iii) obstacles to the internationalization of HEIs, each with their own specific characteristics. Theoretical Contributions: The research presents a conceptual categorization for the essential factors of the internationalization of HEI's, this articulation allows advancing in the literature on internationalization and also on the management models of higher education institutions.
Challenges in recruiting children to a multidrug-resistant TB prevention trial
Authors: Purchase S. , Batist E. , Mmile N. , Nkosi S. , Workman J. , Martinson N. , Fairlie L. , Schaaf H. S. , Choo L. , McGowan C. , Crook A. M. , Seddon J. A. , Hesseling A. C.
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Recruitment to randomised clinical trials can be challenging and slow recruitment has serious consequences. This study aimed to summarise and reflect on the challenges in enrolling young children to a multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) prevention trial in South Africa.METHODS:
Recruitment to the Tuberculosis Child Multidrug-resistant Preventive Therapy Trial (TB-CHAMP) was tracked using an electronic recruiting platform, which was used to generate a recruiting flow diagram. Structured personnel questionnaires, meeting minutes and workshop notes were thematically
analysed to elucidate barriers and solutions.RESULT: Of 3,682 (85.3%) adult rifampicin (RIF) resistant index cases with pre-screening outcomes, 1597 (43.4%) reported having no children under 5 years in the household and 562 (15.3%) were RIF-monoresistant. More than nine index cases
were pre-screened for each child enrolled. Numerous barriers to recruitment were identified. Thorough recruitment planning, customised tracking data systems, a dedicated recruiting team with strong leadership, adequate resources to recruit across large geographic areas, and excellent relationships
with routine TB services emerged as key factors to ensure successful recruitment.CONCLUSION: Recruitment of children into MDR-TB prevention trials can be difficult. Several MDR-TB prevention trials are underway, and lessons learnt from TB-CHAMP will be relevant to these and other
TB prevention studies.
The burden and determinants of post-TB lung disease
Authors: Mpagama S. G. , Msaji K. S. , Kaswaga O. , Zurba L. J. , Mbelele P. M. , Allwood B. W. , Ngungwa B-S. , Kisonga R. M. , Lesosky M. , Rylance J. , Mortimer K. , on behalf of the lung health in Africa across
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Post-TB lung disease (PTLD) is an important but under-recognised chronic respiratory disease in high TB burden settings such as Tanzania.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey of adults within 2 years of completion of TB treatment in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.
Data were collected using questionnaires (symptoms and exposures), spirometry and chest radiographs to assess outcome measures, which were correlated with daily life exposures, including environment and diet.RESULTS: Of the 219 participants enrolled (mean age: 45 years ±
10; 193 88% males), 98 (45%) reported chronic respiratory symptoms; 46 (22%) had received treatment for TB two or more times; and HIV prevalence was 35 (16%). Spirometric abnormalities were observed in 146 (67%). Chest X-ray abnormalities occurred in 177 (86%). A diagnosis of PTLD was made
in 200 (91%), and half had clinically relevant PTLD. The prevalence of mMRC ≥Grade 3 chronic bronchitis and dyspnoea was respectively 11% and 26%. Older age, multiple episodes of TB and poverty indicators were linked with clinically relevant PTLD.CONCLUSIONS: We found a substantial
burden of PTLD in adults who had recently completed TB treatment in Tanzania. There is a pressing need to identify effective approaches for both the prevention and management of this disease.
Kosten und Management der kommunalen Kulturförderung
Authors: Keilmann Ulrich , Gnädinger Marc , Volk Felix
Published: October 2021

In der Gesellschaft genießt die Kultur einen hohen Stellenwert. Die Reaktionen auf die Corona-Pandemie führten und führen noch zu starken Einschränkungen des Angebots kultureller Einrichtungen. Abzuwarten bleibt, ob mit Abflachen der Pandemie die Öffnungsschritte zu einer neuen Kulturlust führen. Dazu bedarf es attraktiver Formate. In der Zwangspause konnten von Kulturverantwortlichen Ideen entwickelt werden. Unter der eingeschränkten finanziellen Leistungsfähigkeit mancher Kommunen werden es Kulturangebote jedoch künftig nicht leichter haben, sich im Wettbewerb mit anderen freiwilligen Leistungen zu behaupten.
Reviewing the Physiology of Cutaneous Wound Healing and Evaluating the Effect of Exercise on It: A Narrative Review Article
Authors: Riyahi Fatima , Riahy Simin , Yousefpour Mitra
Published: October 2021

Context: The skin is the most important organ of the body, and maintaining its integrity is important for health. Severe skin damage is life-threatening, and wound healing restores its integrity. One of the main health problems is impaired cutaneous wound healing. According to the importance of wound healing and the fact that unrepaired skin decreases the quality of life, many studies have investigated the effect of some natural and chemical substances on the length and quality of wound healing to find beneficial interventions for rapid and economical treatment. Objectives: This review was conducted to describe the physiology of cutaneous wound healing and some positive and negative factors affecting it with a focus on exercise. Evidence Acquisition: An electronic search without any time limitation was performed on the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. The keywords were ‘wound’, ‘healing’, and ‘exercise’. Finally, according to the similarities or differences between the results and the relationship with the subject, 53 papers were selected and reviewed. Results: Wound healing is a complex physiological process with four overlapping processes. It seems that disturbance in the inflammatory phase of wound healing is the main factor in the impairment of healing. Traditionally, many chemical and herbal medicines and compounds have been used to speed up wound recovery due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Many studies have evaluated the effect of exercise, as complementary medicine, on wound healing, and they have examined the effect of different protocols of exercise on the speed of wound healing. According to the results of these studies, aerobic exercise, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, is a beneficial method in shortening the length of healing, especially in aged, obese, and diabetic individuals. Conclusions: Exercise as a low-cost intervention is a good strategy in the treatment of impaired and chronic wounds.
Alleles Frequency and Polymorphic Genes Genotypes Associated with Alcoholism in Kazakh Population
Authors: Sakhanova Svetlana Kaliullaevna , Svyatova Gulnara Salavatovna , Pavlenko Valery Petrovich , Ramazanova Akmaral Adietovna , Zaynullin Stanislav Vladimirovich , Smagulova Daniya
Published: October 2021

Background: There is a category of people with a congenial predisposition to alcohol abuse among the total population. The identification of such persons by molecular genetic diagnostics and the implementation of appropriate preventive measures can significantly reduce the incidence of alcoholism. Objectives: This research aimed to study the genetic foundations of alcohol dependence development in Kazakhs based on the analysis of population frequencies of polymorphic variants of predisposition to alcoholism genes. Materials and Methods: The material for the research was the DNA recovered from the peripheral blood of the recruited control group population, which was represented by 1,800 conditionally healthy individuals of Kazakh nationality. Isolated DNA samples were genotyped by PCR. The data was calculated and analyzed using HWEtest function of PLINK software. Conclusions: Kazakhs take an intermediate position between the previously studied European and Asian populations by allele frequencies of nine polymorphic variants of ADH1B (rs2066701, rs1789891), ADH1C (rs1693425, rs698), HTR2C (rs6318), ALDH2 (rs671), CADM2 (rs9841829), KLB (rs11940694), DRD2 (rs1076560) genes. Possible markers of an increased risk of alcoholism development in Kazakhs are G alleles of polymorphic loci rs2066701 of the ADH1B gene and rs671 of the ALDH2 gene, and the protective effect is possible in the presence of A alleles rs2066701 of the ADH1B gene and rs671 of the ALDH2 gene.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale and Templer’s Death Anxiety Scale in Iranian Inpatients with COVID-19: Evaluation of Psychometric Properties and Diagnostic Accuracy
Authors: Fattah Abolfazl , Ebadi Abbas , Borumand Narmin , Saeedi Abdolhadi , Darbani Mahdieh , Setayesh Sona , Mohammadi Gholamreza , Babakhanian Masoudeh
Published: October 2021

Background: During the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, anxiety has always been with patients. Objectives: It is necessary to obtain a valid instrument for the evaluation and screening of patients with anxiety. The current study attempted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity and provide the clinical cut-off scores for the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) Scale in hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Iran. Methods: This diagnostic accuracy study was carried out for 4 months on 150 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to evaluate generalized anxiety disorder and death anxiety. Cronbach’s alpha was used to evaluate reliability. For the determination of the presence of anxiety disorders, the Structured Clinical Interview with hospitalized subjects was conducted by a psychiatrist based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition diagnostic criteria. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the GAD-7 Scale and DAS questionnaires were observed to be 0.88 and 0.74, respectively, confirming their reliability. Based on cut-off scores with the best balance, the sensitivity and specificity of the GAD-7 Scale questionnaire were 61.9% and 86.9%, respectively. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity values related to the DAS questionnaire were 47.8% and 73.8%, respectively. The values for the area under the curve were 0.75 and 0.63 for the GAD-7 Scale and DAS, respectively. With this scoring method, those who scored higher than 8 and 7 in the GAD-7 Scale and DAS questionnaires were considered patients, respectively. Moreover, in these two tests, higher levels of generalized anxiety and death anxiety were reported in female patients. Conclusions: The GAD-7 Scale and DAS both showed adequate psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy; therefore, they are applicable for anxiety screening in patients with COVID-19. It will likely take a few years to bring the virus under control worldwide. Iran’s Ministry of Health should implement exact psychological interventions during hospitalization and after discharge to prevent the adverse mental health consequences of COVID-19.
Multiculturalism and Educational Change. An Attempt at a Model Approach
Authors: Szerląg Alicja
Published: October 2021

The everyday life of the young generation is to a large extent determined by cultural differences of different origin. Hence the challenge for the education which in its traditional form is not capable of coping with multiculturalism with all its attributes. The need for changes stems from, inter alia, the cultural diversity of societies as a result of migration, in relation to which integration is highlighted as an important process in the construction of the intercultural space of a multicultural society. Therefore, the cultural differentiation of the society, integration and the search for socio-cultural synergy all create a need for education that would equip the young generation, having different cultural self-identifications, with the desired social, civic and intercultural competences. The paper proposes a model approach to education focussed on such issues.
Personal Knowledge: Its Nature and Varieties
Authors: Podgórny Marek
Published: October 2021

As a result of the rapid pace of economic and technological development, previously recognised competences have proved outdated and the demand for new competences has increased. In order to effectively function in the changing realities and to efficiently use both one’s own resources and those of the environment, one needs access to information and knowledge. Contemporary concepts of knowledge emphasise that knowledge is abruptly expanding and, thus, that it is exigent to continually analyse, evaluate and organise knowledge. Therefore, the fostering of attitudes of commitment to knowledge not only among young learners but above all among adults is prerequisite for the further development of knowledge, its high quality and continued relevance. Given this, education, guidance and counselling facilities must dedicate themselves to supporting their clients in taking responsibility for their ow knowledge. Additionally, the role and significance of knowledge in the prosperity of individuals, organisations and entire societies are increasing, as knowledge is becoming a valuable resource (capital) which is subject to management processes. This position is adopted and developed by the modern concept of knowledge management (Nonaka & Konno, 1998) and its latest iteration, i.e. personal knowledge management. Replete with educational merits, the latter concept is explored in my paper in the context of changes in conceptualising what knowledge actually is.
The Ukrainian Education in Galicia (1919–1939): A Search for an Ideal
Authors: Czepil Maria , Karpenko Oresta
Published: October 2021

The theoretical principles of the national education of children and students in the Ukrainian pedagogy of Galicia during 1918–1939 are scrutinized in the article. The approaches of the Ukrainian educators to the educational ideal, the purpose, content and tasks of the national education have been systematized. The focus on the national values (the national idea, the national unity, the national self-esteem, the national awareness), which are not innate but are formed in the process of the personal development and gaining the social experience on a qualitatively new content of education, in which the national and universal values are closely intertwined. The basis of education is the Ukrainian national idea as a desire for state independence.
The Phenomenon of Learning in a Museum in a Modern Educational Space: Opportunities of Using Smart Technologies
Authors: Karamanov Oleksiy
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the peculiarities of organizing learning in a museum in the system of smart education with modern smart technologies aimed at the process of gaining skills and competencies for flexible and adapted interaction with social, economic and technological environment. Smart technologies are emphasized to not only allow creating the effect of presence but also to advance the content sharing, change its quality, and ensure the possibility of communication between all the participants of the educational process. The phenomenon of learning in a museum is viewed in the context of gamification, edutainment, the storytelling technique and the project method. The opportunities of using smart technologies in museums as centres of communication, studying and leisure in the context of a modern knowledge society are defined.
Family Education Through the Lens of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky’s Views
Authors: Nevmerzhytska Olena , Pahuta Myroslav
Published: October 2021

In the current context, we are confronted with controversial views on the family and family education, which are caused by the complex conditions in which the family organism must function. Therefore, it is important to study the views of the past eminent figures on family education for the purposes of predicting the ways of development of the modern family. Andrey Sheptytsky, the head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, viewed the role of the family and the peculiarities of its educational function in the context of the neo-Thomism philosophy, but the characteristic feature of his views is democracy. He professed the democratism of family relations between spouses, as well as between parents and children. He expressed his views on the main goals of family education, its content and methods, which remain largely relevant today.
Ukrainian National Revival in Imperial Age: Scientific Tools of Historiographical Analysis
Authors: Semerhei Nataliia
Published: October 2021

Integrity, plenitude, comprehensiveness and objectivity of analysis of historical processes depend on the drafting clarity of the scientific problem and the right choice of scientific tools for analysis. They must comply with the newest requirements of scientific cognition, based on synergy, interdisciplinary approach and innovativeness. This concerns not only fundamental history but also historiographical discourse which enables to substantiate the problem in terms of conceptual and theoretical principles as well as methodology of historiographical research. It underlines the increased relevance of the issue, particularly in the case of historiography of Ukrainian national and cultural revival of “long century” period, which needs reinterpretation based on principles of social and cultural, anthropological and national historiography paradigms.
Právo rozhodné ve sporech z porušení práva k obchodnímu jménu
Authors: Pullmannová Helena
Published: October 2021

Článek rozebírá problematiku určení práva rozhodného pro spory z porušení (či ohrožení) práva k obchodnímu jménu v mimosmluvních závazkových vztazích optikou českého mezinárodního práva soukromého, zejména nařízení Řím II. Přičemž pozornost je věnována mimo jiné také otázkám, zda je možné si právo rozhodné v uvedených sporech zvolit a jak se vypořádat s mnohostí rozhodných právních řádů při porušení práva k obchodnímu jménu protiprávním jednáním s účinky na území více zemí.Závěrem článku jsou kritéria obsažená v nařízení Řím II pro určení rozhodného práva pro spory z porušení práva k obchodnímu jménu v mimosmluvních závazkových vztazích a s nimi související otázky komparovány s kritérii uvedenými v CLIP Principles za účelem zdůraznění jiného přístupu ke zkoumané problematice.
THE VISEGRAD GROUP AND THE BALTIC ASSEMBLY: COALITIONS WITHIN THE EU AS SEEN THROUGH RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: Olenchenko Vladimir A. , Mezhevich Nikolay M.
Published: October 2021

Today Russia has difficulty doing business-as-usual with EU states. It seems that the countries of the Visegrad Group (V4) and the Baltic Assembly/Baltic Council of Ministers (BA/BСM) have contributed substantially to this state of affairs. Overall, the tensions between Russia and the EU are building up — another tendency that did not arise on the Russian initiative.

This article aims to address the question of whether Russia should establish direct relations with the V4 and the BA/BCM as tools to overcome the mentioned difficulties. On the one hand, these associations date back to before the countries acceded to the Union. On the other, they are products of regionalisation in the EU. In answering this question, we achieve three objectives. Firstly, we look for an appropriate theoretical and methodological framework for the study. Secondly, we produce a comparative description of the V4 and the BA/BCM. Thirdly, we examine the capacity of these associations to pursue an independent foreign and domestic policy. This study uses a comparison method to analyse the activities of the two organisations and identify their significance for the EU.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF INTEGRATION PROCESSES ON THE ETHNOPOLITICAL COMPETITION OF LANGUAGES IN THE BALTIC REGION
Authors: Neverov Alexander N. , Markelov Anton Yu. , Airapetian Armen S.
Published: October 2021

The impact of integration processes on language learning and usage is traditionally evaluated in the literature through the prism of sociolinguistics or soft power. This article proposes a new conceptual approach based on measuring various aspects of competition between languages. The language integration and monopolisation indices and the multilingualism coefficient serve as measurement tools. The approach is tested on the situation in the Baltic region of the EU. The article uses data from Eurostat, Eurobarometer, and the Baltic statistical offices to analyse the performance of Baltic language markets by assessing the impact of EU integration on the use of languages in the region. The findings show a growing tendency towards multilingualism in countries participating in integration associations. Integration bodies, however, do not give one language precedence over others but encourage the interpenetration of the languages of their leading economies. The main factor behind the demand for a language is the strength of commodity and labour markets in the country where it is spoken. The article concludes that close economic and political integration stimulates heterochronous processes in supranational associations. The first one is increasing monopolisation in the language market of the association and the language markets of its sub-regions. The second process is a decrease in monopolisation in national language markets.
Actitudes Sexuales en personas con Altas Capacidades Intelectuales (ACI).
Authors: Carrillo-Romero M. Pilar , López de la Llave Andrés , Sánchez Eva , Pérez-Llantada M. Carmen
Published: October 2021

El objetivo principal de este estudio exploratorio fue examinar las diferencias en actitudes sexuales entre personas adultas con Altas Capacidades Intelectuales (ACI) y otros participantes pertenecientes a la Población General, en cuanto a su dotación Intelectual (PGI).  La muestra estuvo compuesta por 126 personas (80 personas PGI y 46 ACI). Se administró a los participantes la escala ATSS (2005). Tanto los participantes, de la muestra PGI como los de ACI, mostraron actitudes tendentes al conservadurismo. Las comparaciones llevadas a cabo, considerando a todos los participantes (PGI y ACI), atendiendo a la edad o al género mostraron que: a) las personas más mayores informaron actitudes más liberales que los más jóvenes, quienes mostraron actitudes más conservadoras, y b) los hombres obtuvieron valores más altos en erotofilia (una actitud más liberal) que las mujeres excepto en lo referente al tema del aborto, en el que ellas resultaron más liberales. Las comparaciones entre PGI y ACI mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el Factor que se refiere a la pornografía, resultando más conservadoras en este asunto las personas ACI.
Escolaridad y Entrenamiento en el Modelo de Solución de Problemas para el Manejo de la Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Authors: Rodríguez Norma Yolanda , Martínez Stack Jorge Gregorio , Rodríguez Campuzano María Lourdes , Rosales Arellano Antonio
Published: October 2021

Mediante un modelo de capacitación en solución de problemas aplicado a una población mexicana con diabetes melitus2 (DM2), se investigó la influencia del grado de escolaridad en la adquisición de habilidades de solución de problemas para el control de la glucemia. Participaron 20 adultos diagnosticados con DM2, 12 hombres y 8 mujeres, con una edad promedio de 60.17 años los hombres y 61.25 años las mujeres y con una escolaridad media de 15.67 y 9.13 años de los hombres y mujeres respectivamente. Antes y después del taller de capacitación presencial, se estimó el grado de habilidades en solución de problemas mediante un cuestionario de 16 reactivos, así como el grado de glucemia. La comparación entre las mediciones de antes y después del taller mostró que el grupo de mayor escolaridad obtuvo mejores calificaciones que el de menor escolaridad, tanto en la prueba de solución de problemas como en el control de la glucemia. El resultado confirma la importancia de considerar en el diseño instruccional de talleres de capacitación en habilidades de solución de problemas, el nivel educativo de la población a la que van dirigidos, con el propósito de mejorar las herramientas disponibles para el manejo de la glucemia
El estudio de la Inteligencia Espiritual II: un instrumento de evaluación de su desempeño competencial
Authors: Martín-Sánchez Antonia , Rodríguez Zafra Mónica , Ceniceros-Estévez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2021

Este artículo se enmarca en la teoría de las Inteligencias Múltiples de Gardner (1983) que en 2012, demuestra que esta inteligencia cumple todos los criterios que determinan su incorporación al elenco de inteligencias. El estudio cualitativo de la Inteligencia Espiritual (IES) permitió determinar sus competencias: consciencia, transcendencia, amor, perdón, libertad, dolor-sufrimiento, sentido, gratitud y efectos. Tras la identificación de las competencias básicas, se ha construido el Cuestionario de Inteligencia Espiritual (CIES) de 68 ítems y se ha validado en población española con una muestra de 528 participantes. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto su fiabilidad así como su validez de contenido, de constructo y de criterio. Se ha comprobado la unidimensionalidad del CIES y su capacidad de predicción. Las conclusiones son importantes en el nivel de intervención porque permiten identificar competencias claves para evaluar y desarrollar la IES mediante programas aplicados en distintos ámbitos educativos, sociales o empresariales.