bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Vaccination: Assessing Safety, Efficacy, and Synergistic Potential
Authors: New Jacob , Shenton Luke , Ksayer Radia , Wang Justin , Zakharia Karam , Nicholson Laura J. , Pandey Amitabh C.
Published: November 2024

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become predominant therapies for cancer, the safety and efficacy of combining ICIs with vaccinations remain areas of needed investigation. As ICIs gain broader clinical application, the relevance of current vaccination guidelines for cancer patients—largely developed in the context of cytotoxic therapies—becomes increasingly uncertain. Although data support the safety of combining inactivated influenza and mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines with ICI therapy, comprehensive data on other infectious disease vaccines remain scarce. Notably, the combination of ICIs with infectious disease vaccines does not appear to exacerbate immune-related adverse events, despite the heightened cytokine activity observed. However, the efficacy of vaccines administered alongside ICIs in preventing infectious diseases remains poorly supported by robust evidence. Preliminary findings suggest a potential survival benefit in cancer patients receiving ICI therapy alongside influenza or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, though the quality of evidence is currently low. Moreover, the synergistic potential of combining therapeutic cancer vaccines, particularly mRNA-based vaccines, with ICIs indicates promise but with a paucity of phase III data to confirm efficacy. This review critically examines the safety and efficacy of combining ICIs with both infectious disease vaccines and therapeutic cancer vaccines. While vaccination appears safe in patients undergoing ICI therapy, the impact on infectious disease prevention and cancer treatment outcomes warrants further rigorous investigation.
Quercetin Protects Goat Sperm Motility by Inhibiting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Maintaining Plasma Membrane and Acrosome Integrity
Authors: Wei Zhengkai , Hong Hongrong , Liu Wei , He Kaifeng , Wang Jiaxuan , Guo Xin , Zhang Dezhi , Li Qianyong , Yang Zhengtao
Published: November 2024

Enhancing or protecting sperm motility has always been a pivotal approach to improving the ewe pregnancy rate. Sperm motility is highly susceptible to the immune status of the reproductive tract. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been demonstrated to capture sperm and impair its motility in human, swine, and goat species. Quercetin is a flavonoid derived from Cuscuta Chinensis Lam., which can protect sperm from oxidative damage. In this study, we investigated whether inflammation decreases sperm motility and tried to clarify the potential protective mechanism of quercetin on goat sperm motility. Sperm-triggered NETs were analyzed by immunofluorescence analysis. Sperm acrosome integrity was detected by using giemsa staining. Quercetin exhibited no cytotoxicity towards sperm and PMNs within the concentration range of 20–80 μM. PMNs impaired both the survival rate and rapid linear motility of sperm, while quercetin significantly enhanced these parameters. PMNs captured sperm through NETs composed of DNA, citrullinated histone 3 (citH3), and neutrophil elastase (NE); however, quercetin effectively inhibited the release of sperm-stimulated NETs. The stimulation of PMNs with sperm resulted in a significant increase in levels of ROS and MDA, which decreased by quercetin. Moreover, PMNs caused integrity violation to both the plasma membrane and acrosome in sperm; this effect was significantly alleviated by quercetin. In conclusion, quercetin effectively ameliorated PMN-reduced sperm motility through the inhibition of NETs and oxidative stress, and preserving sperm plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, thereby providing preliminary insights into the underlying mechanisms and theoretical support for the development of potential sperm protectors.
Mitochondrial Genome Analysis of Babesia ovis (Apicomplexa: Babesiidae) Endemic in Sheep in Türkiye
Authors: Ulucesme Mehmet Can , Aktas Munir , Ozubek Sezayi
Published: November 2024

This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Babesia ovis, a significant pathogen in ovine babesiosis in Türkiye. The B. ovis mitochondrial genome is a linear monomeric molecule of 6015 bp with an A + T content of 70.5%, featuring terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) at both ends. It encodes three essential proteins (Cox1, Cox3, and Cob) and six fragments of large subunit rRNA genes. Comparative analysis revealed high sequence identity with Babesia sp. Xinjiang (87.5%) and Babesia sp. Dunhuang (87.5%), suggesting a close evolutionary relationship. The study highlights the conservation of mitochondrial gene content across Babesia and Theileria species, emphasizing their utility in phylogenetic studies. The findings also suggest that TIR variability plays a role in mitochondrial genome size differences, influencing species-specific adaptations. This research provides valuable insights into the evolution and functional adaptations of B. ovis and underscores the potential of mitochondrial genomic data in enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for babesiosis. Further exploration of mitochondrial genomes in Babesia species is essential for understanding their biology and developing effective control measures.
Mechanistic Insights into Influenza A Virus-Induced Cell Death and Emerging Treatment Strategies
Authors: Sun Yuling , Liu Kaituo
Published: November 2024

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection initiates a complex interplay of cell death modalities, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and their integration, known as PANoptosis, which significantly impacts host immune responses and tissue integrity. These pathways are intricately regulated by viral proteins and host factors, contributing to both viral clearance and pathogenesis-related tissue damage. This review comprehensively explores the molecular mechanisms underlying these cell death processes in influenza infection. We highlight the roles of key regulatory proteins, such as ZBP1 (Z-DNA binding protein 1) and RIPK3 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3), in orchestrating these responses, emphasizing the dual roles of cell death in both antiviral defense and tissue injury. Furthermore, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways, aiming to enhance antiviral efficacy while minimizing collateral tissue damage. Future research should focus on targeted approaches to modulate cell death mechanisms, aiming to reduce tissue damage and improve clinical outcomes for patients with severe influenza.
Heterotopic Ossification of the Adductor Muscles in Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
Authors: Legler Marko , von Dörnberg Katja , Wohlsein Peter , Fehr Michael
Published: November 2024

Diseases of the musculature can be caused, for example, by alimentary or traumatic issues. In three bald eagles with painful lameness and/or a reduced range of the hip joint, a muscular disease was diagnosed via radiographic examination. The eagles were kept in a falconry and trained as demonstration birds, which were displayed on a gloved hand and flown in falconry education programs. The imaging revealed varying degrees of calcification of the adductors along the course of the puboischiofemoral muscle of the left hind limb in all cases. A histological examination of the affected musculature of one eagle confirmed the presence of a myopathy with muscle fiber atrophy, fibrosis, and metaplastic bone formation. Increased mechanical stress and injuries to the affected muscle groups are discussed as the cause of these alterations. The adductor muscles of the left leg of bald eagles in falconry husbandry appear to be particularly prone to muscular injuries and the development of heterotopic ossification. The healing process of such an injury with the stiffened musculature can lead to restrictions in the movement of the hip joint. Thus, the conscious and professional handling of the eagles is essential for maintaining the health of these birds.
Development of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Loads in Pigs and Pig Stables During the Fattening Period
Authors: Pedersen Karl , Nielsen Martin Weiss , Fertner Mette Ely , Espinosa-Gongora Carmen , Bækbo Poul
Published: November 2024

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is widespread in European pig production and poses an occupational hazard to farm workers and their household members. Farm workers are exposed to LA-MRSA through direct contact with pigs and airborne transmission, enabling bacteria to be carried home in the nose or on the skin. Consequently, it is important to consider LA-MRSA in a one-health context, studying human exposure by examining LA-MRSA levels in pigs, air, and dust in the farm environment. In this investigation, LA-MRSA levels were quantified in nasal swab samples from the pigs, air samples, and dust at three different time points in a farm rearing pigs from approx. 30 kg until slaughter. Sampling was repeated across seven batches of pigs, resulting in the analysis of 504 nasal swab samples, alongside air and dust samples. LA-MRSA was cultured and quantified on MRSA2 agar plates. Findings revealed significant batch-to-batch variation and a significant 94.1% decrease in LA-MRSA levels during the rearing period. Despite this decline, all nasal swab samples tested positive, with the highest level reaching 353,000 cfu in a sample. Among the 42 air samples, LA-MRSA levels were low to moderate, with a maximum of 568 and an average of 63 cfu/m3. In the 28 dust samples collected during the second and third sampling periods, LA-MRSA counts were high, reaching up to 37,272 cfu/g, with an average of 17,185 cfu/g. The results suggest that while LA-MRSA levels in pigs decrease with age, reaching low levels before slaughter, the bacterium remains highly abundant in dust, posing an occupational hazard to farm workers.
Regulatory Threshold of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Runoff and Sediment Processes in the Sanchuan River Basin
Authors: Ding Xinhui , Liu Xiaoying , Liu Guangquan
Published: November 2024

Research on the runoff and sediment reduction effects of soil and water conservation measures has always been a topic of interest, which is of great significance for carrying out sustainable strategies for soil and water conservation in the Yellow River Basin. This study aims to find the threshold years of soil and water conservation measures for reductions in runoff and sediment. Through the analysis of various soil and water conservation measures, runoff, sediment, and rainfall data in the Sanchuan River Basin from 1960 to 2019, we determined the threshold years of soil and water conservation measures on runoff and sediment processes using the Hydrology and Lagrange Multiplier method. The results are as follows: The trend in flood season rainfall and annual rainfall in the Sanchuan River Basin is consistent. The 1990s was a turning period in the annual rainfall and flood season rainfall of the Sanchuan River Basin. The 2000s was a turning period of the runoff in the Sanchuan River Basin, while the sediment entered a stable period after 2000. The best periods for reducing runoff and sediment were the initial treatment period (1967–1979) and the centralized treatment period (1980–1996). The runoff and sediment reduction effects of each soil and water conservation measure during the initial treatment period (1967–1979) were terrace (32.8%) > dam (30.1%) > grass (18.6%) > forest (18.5%), while their effects during the centralized treatment period (1980–1996) were grass (53.7%) > terrace (20.7%) > dam (14.6%) > forest (11.0%). The runoff and sediment reduction effects of various soil and water conservation measures during different treatment periods indicate that the runoff reduction effect reached its peak in 2003–2005, while the sediment reduction benefit reached its peak in 2013–2015. Based on the comprehensive benefits of runoff and sediment regulation, 2013–2015 are considered to be the threshold years for various soil and water conservation measures, with the measures covering respective average areas of 4.85 × 104, 17.80 × 104, 1.15 × 104, and 0.82 × 104 hm2. These research results will have a certain significance for the reasonable allocation of soil and water conservation measures and sustainable development in the Yellow River Basin.
Development and Application of Reservoir Operation Method Based on Pre-Release Index for Control of Exceedance Floods
Authors: Huang Cao , Li Weiqi , He Sizhong , Yang Yixin
Published: November 2024

The pre-release operation has the potential to enhance the ability of a reservoir to manage exceedance floods. However, the mechanisms for the initiation and termination of such operations are unclear, and a clear method for calculating the pre-release water amount at each time step of the scheduling phase is lacking. To address this, the framework and mathematical expression for a pre-release index are proposed herein, and a refined pre-release scheduling model is developed based on the pre-release indices and their thresholds. Then, the proposed pre-release operation model is applied to the Shuifumiao Reservoir in the Lianshui River Basin in Hunan Province, China. The simulation results demonstrate that the refined pre-release scheduling model can effectively prevent exceedance floods, ensuring the safety of flood control without compromising the effectiveness of water supply safety. The proposed model provides a valuable framework and tool for enhancing the ability of reservoir operators to manage flood events and improve overall flood control safety.
Flow Numerical Modelling in Thermal Karst Systems: The Case of Alhama de Aragón and Jaraba Springs
Authors: Sanz De Ojeda Joaquín , Elorza Francisco Javier , Sanz Eugenio
Published: November 2024

The underground flow of a karstic aquifer within one of Spain and Europe’s most important thermal systems (Alhama and Jaraba thermal springs, with a combined flow rate of 1200 L/s, 711 L/s at more than 30 °C) was simulated. In the simulation process, it was important to consider how temperature (a very sensitive parameter when calibrating the numerical model) and depth influence the variation in hydraulic conductivity in the aquifer. The location of previously unknown high recharge zones was also essential in the calibration. It was verified that some fault jumps break the hydraulic continuity of the aquifer, and the role of most of the existing faults in the regional flow is generally unimportant since they are incapable of explaining by themselves the large volume of water evacuated. It is relevant to highlight the importance of the orientation of the strata when calibrating the model, which become vertical in the area of the outcrops. In the end, the modelled regional flow as well as the simulated groundwater contour lines are consistent with the progressive increase in temperature, the age of the water, the mineralization, the piezometric values measured in the observation wells, and the springs’ flow through which the system discharges. The most significant finding is the validation of the conceptual hydrogeological model through regional flow simulations from numerical models, confirming the recharge area and supporting the inferred origins of the springs.
Influence of water saliny changes on the operation of the RAS biological treatment system under low temperature conditions
Authors:   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Moscow, Tyrin D.V. , Zhigin A.B. ,   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Moscow; Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (RSAU — MTAA), Russia, Moscow, Zagorskaya D.S. ,   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Moscow
Published: November 2024

In fish-breeding circulation systems the change-over of a biofilter from operation in fresh water conditions to sea water conditions (or vice versa) requires a smooth gradual transition. However, a one-time water change is feasible faster and technologically easier. This determined the relevance of the study. The goal was to determine the influence of one-time water salinity changes (sea to fresh and fresh to sea) on the ability of the activated sludge biocenosis of biofilters to maintain or restore its activity in a cold-water RAS. Six model biofilters were filled with sea water and six with fresh water. With a simultaneous decrease of water temperature from 21 to 9 °C, at the first stage a start-up period of biological treatment was carried out. At the second stage — in a stable operating regime, sea water was simultaneously changed to fresh water, and fresh water to sea water. Concentrations of ammonium, nitrites and nitrates were determined at the start of experiment, then on the next day after a bacterial culture and ammonia as a source of ammonium nitrogen adding, and then — 2 times a week. A steady decrease in the concentration of ammonium in water to 0.2 mg/l, nitrite — to 0.3 mg/l was considered as the indicator of the end of each stage. The duration of the start period of biological treatment in both fresh and sea water was approximately the same and amounted to 138 and 134 days, respectively. With the simultaneous change of sea water to fresh or fresh water to sea, the complete destruction of the biofilter activated sludge biocenosis didn’t happen, that indicated by the continuing increase of the nitrates concentration. However, the ability of the biofilter biocenosis to purify circulating water from ammonia nitrogen and nitrites naturally decreases with the following gradual performance restoration. The adaptation of biofilter biocenosis to work under conditions of rapid desalination was 1.5 times faster than the adaptation of biocenosis to rapid salination.
Factors influencing medical students career intentions in Flanders, Estonia and Hungary: a multivariable analysis
Authors: Velgan Marta , Vajer Peter , Michels Nele R , Einasto Mart , Kalda Ruth
Published: November 2024

Background

The career decisions of medical students are pivotal in shaping the future healthcare workforce. In many countries, the number of medical students who choose general practice (GP) as their career is insufficient to meet the needs of the healthcare system.

Aim

The aim of this study was to describe the factors influencing medical students’ career intentions and their preference for a career in GP.

Design & setting

A cross-sectional study involving medical students from Flanders (Belgium), Estonia and Hungary.

Method

An online questionnaire was used to gather data. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted.

Results

Altogether 1601 medical students participated in this study. 18.5% of the participants were interested in GP. Factors related to medical students and the curriculum which predicted the interest in GP were being a woman, being a medical student from Flanders, being a 6th year medical student, coming from a rural area and having GP role models. Students preferring GP named the following factors as important: short and low intensity training program, having long-term and close relationship with patients, continuity of care, regular and flexible working hours and opportunities to achieve work-life balance.

Conclusion

This study adds further evidence which characteristics and factors can predict medical students’ interest in GP, having GP role models being the most important predictor. Further research into which qualities medical students value in their role models could give us better understanding on how we can support GPs to be better advocates for their specialty and thereby help increase interest in GP.
Collecting sociodemographic data in primary care: Qualitative interviews in community health centers
Authors: Thelen Rachel , Bhatti Sara , Rayner Jennifer , Grudniewicz Agnes
Published: November 2024

Background

Many primary care organizations do not routinely collect sociodemographic data (SDD) such as race, gender, or income despite the importance of this data in addressing health disparities.

Aim

To understand the experiences of primary care providers and staff in collecting SDD.

Design & setting

A qualitative interview study with 33 primary care and interprofessional team members from eight Ontario Community Health Centres (CHCs).

Method

Semi-structured virtual interviews and content analysis of interview transcripts.

Results

Participants reported using both formal methods of SDD collection, and informal methods of SDD collection that were more organic, varied, and conducted over time. Participants discussed sometimes feeling uncomfortable collecting this data formally, as well as associated burden and limited resources to support collection. Client-provider rapport was noted as facilitating data collection and participants suggested more training, streamlined data collection, and better communication about purpose and use of data.

Conclusion

SDD can be collected informally or formally but there are limitations to informally collected data and barriers to the adoption of formal processes.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical office assistants (MOAs) Working in Primary Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Johnson Jennifer K , Ryan Bridget L , Terry Amanda L , Brown Judith Belle
Published: November 2024

Background

Medical Office Assistants (MOAs), also known as receptionists and clerks, are front line workers and the most accessible member of the primary care team. Historically, their contributions to primary care have been unrecognised and undervalued. The COVID-19 pandemic put pressure on existing roles and systems in primary care: how MOAs adapted is unknown.

Aim

To explore the experiences of MOAs working in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspectives of MOAs and family physicians (FPs) who worked with MOAs during this period.

Design & setting

A qualitative study using Constructivist Grounded Theory, conducted in Ontario, Canada

Method

Seventeen participants were recruited through professional contacts of the research team. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with MOAs and FPs across the province.

Results

MOAs’ many responsibilities in primary care intensified during the pandemic. MOAs leveraged their healthcare system knowledge and therapeutic relationships with patients to reduce patient distress. Unfortunately, MOAs experienced more frustration, and in some cases, abuse from patients. MOAs' ability to adapt to new systems and respond to high patient needs seemed to be positively influenced by their relationships with patients and FPs. FPs expressed concern for MOA welfare and recognised their critical role on primary care teams.

Conclusion

MOAs made significant contributions to primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study suggests MOAs have greater capacity than previously recognised which has important implications for planning in an era of under-resourced healthcare.
ERRORS IN LEXIS MADE BY THE MACHINE TRANSLATION FROM THE CAPTIONS OF NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC INDONESIA’S INSTAGRAM
Authors: Kesumawati Eni , Utami Ni Made Verayanti , Santika I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani
Published: November 2024

Many social medias provide machine translation to help the users understand any caption made in another languages. But it is something gives inaccurate translation which makes the meaning is not delivered properly. The study aims to identify types of semantic errors in lexis made by Instagram Machine Translation found in the National Geographic Indonesia’s Instagram captions. Observation method and note taking technique is used in to collect the data from National Geographic Indonesia Instagram Account from May until October. This study used a descriptive qualitative method in analyzing types of semantic errors in lexis and applying the theory types of semantic errors in lexis by James (1998). The result shows that the confusion of sense relations in choosing a wrong synonym is mostly found in data source. This phenomenon occurred because Instagram Machine Translation literally translated the source language to the target language which have several synonyms and different meaning in each use without considering the overall context of the caption.
Keywords: semantic errors in lexis, Instagram, machine translation
INVESTIGATING UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATION TOWARDS ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Yuwita Mia Rahmawati
Published: November 2024

This current study examines university students’ motivational orientations towards English language learning. This study conducts a semi-structured interview to gain rich data. To achieve the objective successfully, 6 students who take an English language major at a university in Bandung, Indonesia were interviewed to provide answers related to English language learning motivation. The results of this study have demonstrated the participants’ positive motivations towards English language learning. Through data analysis, the respondents positively express their strong motivations towards English language learning as they have a personal interest in English, the international language. Mastering English could help them adapt to this globalization era, and the status of English is essential as its use is immensely wide in many sectors. Yet, they understand that the status of Bahasa Indonesia and maintaining it are also crucial to their identity.
Keywords: English language learning, English, Motivational orientation
Figurative Language Found in the Life Support Album by Madison Beer
Authors: Jaya Made Dhaniswara , Puspita Candra Komang Dian
Published: November 2024

The study aims to identify the many types of figurative language found in Madison Beer's album Life Support. Knickerbocker and Reninger's (1974) theory was employed to determine the figurative language found in Madison Beer's album Life Support. The information was gathered by downloading and listening to each song on the Life Support album, as well as reading up and taking notes on the lyrics. The data were analyzed using a qualitative method. Madison Beer's Life Support album contains eight out of ten types of figurative language, according to the study's findings. There are 12 data in simile, four data in personification, metaphor, irony, and metonymy, three data in synecdoche, and two data in each type of metaphor and paradox. A simile with 12 facts is the most prevalent figurative language used in Madison Beer's Life Support Album.
Keywords: Figurative language, Song lyrics, Song album, English literature
Analysis of Inner Structure and Physical Structure of the Poetry “Love’s Philosophy” by Percy Bysshe Shelley
Authors: Wati Lisna , Pertala Erik Candra , Hestiana Siska
Published: November 2024

The title of this study is an analysis of the Inner Structure and Physical Structure of Percy Bysshe Shelley's Love's Philosophy poetry. This study aims to formulate the inner structure and physical structure in the Love's Philosophy by Percy Bysshe Shelley. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative research method with a read-note analysis technique. This data analysis is obtained by carrying out several stages: reading, taking notes, and analyzing each line and stanza that belongs to the inner structure and physical structure. Based on the results of the analysis of “Love's Philosophy” poetry by Percy Bysshe Shelley, it has an inner structure in the form of theme, feeling, tone and message. The physical structure that is owned is in the form of diction, images or imagery, concrete words, figurative language , rhyme, and typography.
Keywords: Poetry, Structure, Inner, Physical
Illocutionary Acts Performed by Meilin in “Turning Red” the Movie
Authors: Widyasari Ketut Monica , Sukarini Ni Wayan , Maharani Sang Ayu Isnu
Published: November 2024

This analysis entitled "Illocutionary Act Performed by Meilin in Turning Red the Movie," aims at determining and analysing the types of illocutionary acts and direct and indirect illocutionary acts performed by Meilin as the main character in "Turning Red." This analysis was based on qualitative research, and data was collected through the documentation method and a note-taking technique. After collecting all relevant data, the data were analysed using the descriptive qualitative method. The data source was the utterances of Meilin, the main character in "Turning Red," the movie. This article analysed the data using the types of illocutionary acts theory proposed by Searle (1979) to categorise and analyse the collected data into five groups: declarations, assertive, expressive, directives, and commissives; and the approach proposed by Yule (1996) to determine and analyse direct and indirect illocutionary acts. Based on the result of the analysis, there were only four types of illocutionary acts used by Meilin in the movie: assertive, directive, commissive, and expressive. Assertive was expressed 17 times, directive was expressed 20 times, commissive appeared 9 times, and expressive appeared 2 times. In this analysis, no declaration acts were found because there were no utterances by Meilin that contained utterances to declare something. Therefore, the analysis also found that direct speech was the type most often expressed by Meilin; it was expressed 25 times, while indirect speech was only expressed 23 times. She mostly expressed her utterances directly because that is the easiest way to communicate with the listener.
Keywords: Illocutionary acts, Types of illocutionary acts, Direct and indirect acts
Authoritarian Parenting Style of the Main Character in the Novel a Child Called “It” by Dave Pelzer
Authors: Safitri Nada Fira , Pertala Erik Candra , Hestiana Siska
Published: November 2024

The research entitled "The Main Character's Authoritarian Parenting Style in the Novel A Child Called 'It' by Dave Pelzer" is focused on identifying and describing the authoritarian parenting style of the main character in Dave Pelzer's novel. In addition, this study also identifies and describes the impact of authoritarian parenting by the main character on children in the novel. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with an objective approach to describe and illustrate authoritarian parenting and the impact of authoritarian parenting by the main character on children who are included in the intrinsic elements of the novel. Data collection which was carried out uses note-and-read techniques, in which the reading of the novel A Child Called 'It' involved all dialogues in the novel to determine the actions of the main character's authoritarian parenting and the impact of authoritarian parenting on children contained in the novel. The results of this study indicate that authoritarian parenting is a form of parenting that is not good for children. This is indicated by the presence of some unfavorable parental behavior towards children. This study shows that the authoritarian parenting style is divided into four parts and each part shows how the behavior of parents with authoritarian parenting style towards children. The impact of authoritarian parenting is divided into two parts, namely the positive impact and the negative impact. Authoritarian parenting can have a positive impact even though more negative impacts are received by children.
Keywords: The main character, Authoritarian parenting style, A Child Called “It” novel
Code-Mixing Used by Alexandra Asmasoebrata in Volix Media Youtube Channel
Authors: Putrawan I Wayan , Widhiarcani Matradewi Ni Ketut , Aryani I Gusti Agung Istri
Published: November 2024

Sociolinguistics is the study that concerns the relation between society and language use. The part of sociolinguistics that is code-mixing The study aims at (1) identifying the types, and (2) defining the factors of code mixing used by Alexandra Asmasoebrata on the Volix Media YouTube Channel. The focused of the study is on code mixing Indonesian-English. The data was collected by Volix Media YouTube channel. This study employs a qualitative research methodology, and the observation method is the data collection strategy. Hoffman's (1991) theory is used to analyze the many forms and factors of code mixing. This study shows that there are 11 utterances were used by Alexandra Amasoebrata on the Volix Media Youtube channel that contained code-mixing. 4 data for intra-sentential, 2 data for intra-lexical. The factor found in the data source is 2 data for talking about a particular topic, 1 data for repetition used for clarification, the intention of clarifying the speech content for interlocutor is 1 data,  and being emphatic about something (expressing solidarity) is 1 data.
Keywords: Sociolinguistic, Code-mixing, Youtube
Internal Conflict of Main Character in the Novel “It Ends with Us” by Collen Hoover
Authors: Hamida Azzahra Muthia , Pertala Erik Candra , Hestiana Siska
Published: November 2024

This research discusses internal conflicts of the main characters in Colleen Hoover's Novel It Ends With Us. The focus of this research is how to depict inner conflict in Colleen Hoover's novel It Ends With Us. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a goal approach. The results of this study found an analysis of the main character's inner conflict of the main character, Lily expresses all her frustration through the journal she made when she was 15 years old. He tells in detail what happened 10 years ago, which makes him sad and recalls what happened in the past.
Keywords: Lily, It Ends with Us, Novel, Conflict, Inner conflict
PELATIHAN METODE TEMATIK DIGITAL QUR`Ä€N BAGI TUTOR PAI UPI UNTUK MENANGKAL INTOLERANSI BERAGAMA PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Rahmat Munawar , Firdaus Endis , Fahrudin Fahrudin
Published: November 2024

Various studies have found that around 50% of Indonesian students and university students are intolerant. Other research results show that students are more intolerant of fellow Muslims from different schools of thought. The roots of intolerance are twofold. First, they misunderstand the meaning of believer and disbeliever in the Qurâ€™Än. Second, they misunderstood the basics of other religions and schools of thought. The training aims to provide digital thematic methods of the Qurâ€™Än to build substantive religiosity and religious tolerance for PAI tutors. The training method uses lectures, questions and answers, discussions, demonstrations, implementation exercises, and small group guidance via zoom. The training participants were 50 prospective PAI tutor students. The training was successful because most of the participants: First, they were able to implement the Thematic digital Qur`Än method; second, looking at the meaning of believing-unbeliever refers to good and evil characters, not referring to religious identity; and third, to better understand the implications of religion directly from the Qurâ€™Än in a substantive and tolerant manner.
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT OF P2O5 DETERMINATION METHOD IN PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS AND ITS VALIDATION
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad Aleem , Siddiq Sumreen , Anwar Muhammad Faraz , Affan Quais Muhammad , Hussain Khadim , Ashraf Waqas , Ramzan Hafiz Naveed , Arif Muhammad , Shafqat Muhammad , Shehzadi Memoona , Ashraf Muhammad Saeed
Published: November 2024

The validation of chemical measurement for Phosphorus determination in fertilizers followed a chain of experimental procedures to ascertain the performance characteristic (PC), connecting Precision, accuracy, reproducibility, recovery, linearity, limit of detection and of quantification. Performance characteristics are accomplished to ensure that analytical method fits the purpose of particular testing. This method was conducted in three stages those were preparation, testing and data processing. The standard test method for determination of P2O5 content in fertilizers used for regulatory purpose is somewhat lengthy and time taking. A modification was done to the standard method to create a more efficient approach that meets validation criteria and is suitable for analyzing advisory fertilizer samples. During the year 2023-24, comprehensive research and development activity were carried out at Soil and Water Testing Laboratory (SWTL) for Research, Faisalabad and analytical data was generated.  The obtained results were processed statistically and compared with the acceptance requirements. The coefficient of determination (R2), precision and accuracy/recovery percentage respectively were 0.9996, 0.3-1.10% and 98.01-102.34%, while LOD and LOQ were 0.84 and 2.25%.  Based on the results the study concluded that the modified test method applied to determine P2O5was appropriate for its intended use based on the acceptance criteria of performance characteristics set forth in the validation protocol and can be applied as routine method at laboratory.
The Role of the Pareto Principle in Quality Management within Industry 4.0: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Kwilinski Aleksy , Kardas Maciej
Published: November 2024

Quality is a fundamental aspect of the management of almost every area of a company, directly influencing the efficiency of its processes. The increased importance of quality, as well as advances in industrialisation methods and computerisation, has stimulated the development of a new generation of technologies, leading to the fourth industrial revolution known as Industry 4.0. In addition to new technologies, the Pareto principle plays an important role in quality management, enabling the identification of the key factors that influence quality, emphasising that 20% of causes are responsible for 80% of quality problems. Its importance has been highlighted by the American Society for Quality (ASQ), which recognises the Pareto principle as one of the seven basic tools used in the area of process improvement. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of the Pareto principle on quality management on the basis of a bibliometric analysis carried out to characterise the evolutionary aspects of the development of key terms specific to the area under consideration. The analysis focuses on a sample of 8002 items, and the data collected come from the extensive Scopus database of scientific articles, covering the years 1990-2024. VOSviewer software was used as a tool. On the basis of the empirical data, the exponential growth of the number of publications was confirmed in terms of the relationship between the Pareto principle and quality management. On the basis of the resulting visualisation maps, five areas (clusters) were identified and characterised in terms of keyword coincidence, and their evolutionary natures were described. This publication can serve as a basis for further considerations in the impact layer of the Pareto principle in terms of quality management.
Trends in Current Interfaces between Fintech, Sustainable Development and Methods: A Scientific Review
Authors: Pauliukeviciene Gintare , Stankeviciene Jelena
Published: November 2024

This study aims to conduct a scientific review of the interfaces among fintech, sustainable development, and methods. It will also evaluate the trends of this interface in recent years to discover the most suitable methods for further research on the sustainable development of the fintech industry. A descriptive and evaluative analysis of the recent scientific literature in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases is carried out for this purpose via the keywords "FinTech," "Sustainable development," and "Method." The results of the scientific review indicate several main findings: (1) the first traces of the selected keywords interface began to appear in 2017-2018, which gained momentum in 2019-2021, and a growth spurt is visible in 2021-2024; (2) the top 20 countries with the most articles for the selected keywords interface in Scopus and WoS cover 5 continents out of 7, which demonstrates the relevance of the selected keywords interface in today's context on a global scale; (2) Asian countries are the most interested in research on the interface of selected keywords with China at the forefront; (3) EU countries are currently not very interested in research on the interface of selected keywords; (4) Ukraine pays special attention to the research of selected keywords, as it is second only to China in terms of productivity, and second only to the UK in scientific journals; and (5) an evaluative analysis of Scopus data has shown that the method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) is the most suitable for research on the interface between fintech and sustainable development. The results of this study refine the most appropriate methods for studying the sustainable development of the fintech industry, which, to date, has not been refined and clearly named. The results of the study can be used by parties interested in this topic as a guideline or basis for further research.
Anti-Money Laundering in the Digital Economy: Institutional, Financial, and Educational Channels
Authors: Boyko Anton , Zimbroff Andrew , Mynenko Serhii , Chen Yang
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to address the practical challenge of enhancing the effectiveness of anti-money laundering systems within the context of the digital economy. Specifically, it examines how institutional, financial, and educational channels can be optimised to combat illicit financial activities. This research responds to the growing need for a comprehensive anti-money laundering framework that can adapt to the evolving dynamics of the digital economy, where financial crimes are becoming increasingly sophisticated. A methodological framework is proposed to assess and forecast the effectiveness of these channels, employing the principal component method and Saaty hierarchy analysis. The study incorporates both linear and nonlinear regression models to provide medium-term forecasts for the channels' characteristics and their contribution to anti-money laundering effectiveness. An integral indicator is developed to quantify the impact of these channels in combating illicit financial activities. Historical data are utilised to project trends up to 2025, revealing the expected influence of institutional, financial (investment), and educational channels on the anti-money laundering system. The results indicate that, without targeted interventions, the effectiveness of institutional and financial channels gradually decreases, whereas the educational channel maintains a positive trajectory. This analysis underscores the importance of strengthening institutional frameworks and financial oversight to ensure the sustainability of anti-money laundering measures in the digital economy.
Parkinsonismo e neurodegeneração por acúmulo de ferro: um relato de caso
Authors: Ferrari Dalcumune Lara , Lebal Peixoto Cassio , Sapucaia Oliveira Luiz , Lobato Friedrich Erick , Vescovi Vieira Julia , De Azevedo Paula Christina
Published: November 2024

Introdução. O transtorno de Neurodegeneração por Acúmulo de Ferro no Cérebro (NAFC) compreende um grupo de distúrbios raros causados por mutações genéticas e elevação dos níveis de ferro nos gânglios da base. Dentre os fenótipos, a Distonia-Parkinsonismo de Início Adulto, cursa com parkinsonismo, sinais piramidais e alterações neuropsiquiátricas. Relato de Caso. Paciente diagnosticado com transtorno de NAFC, caracterizado como parkinsonismo-distonia por mutação no gene PLA2G6. Conclusão. O diagnóstico e tratamento da NAFC é um desafio médico, considerando-se que apresenta fraca resposta às terapias usuais do parkinsonismo, sendo necessários mais estudos para entendimento da doença e melhores propostas de intervenção.
التغير في سعر السهم وأثر العوامل الأساسية غير المتماثلة والحوكمة عليه
Authors: الديحاني طلاع محمد , الثامر محمد ثامر
Published: November 2024

تستخدم هذه الدراسة بيانات مستعرضة cross sectional في الفترة ٢٠٠٣-٢٠٠٥ لمعظم الشركات الكويتية المدرجة في سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية، ولها هدفان: الأول هو اختبار مدى تأثير أحد عوامل الحوكمة في التغير في سعر السهم بعد تثبيت بعض العوامل الأخرى، أما الهدف الثاني فهو معرفة أثر الطبيعة غير المتماثلة asymmetric لتلك العوامل والتي سبق إثبات أثرها تماثليا symmetric. هذه العوامل هي التغير في العائد على سعر السهم، والتغير في القيمة الدفترية للسهم، والتغير في التوزيعات النقدية للسهم، وتشير النتائج إلى عدم وجود دليل على أثر عامل الحوكمة على التغير في سعر السهم، إلا أنها تشير إلى وجود دليل قوي على أثر العوامل ذات الطبيعة غير المتماثلة تستعرض الدراسة، بناء على هذه النتائج، بعض الانعكاسات النظرية والتطبيقية.
Judicial declaration on electronic communications and legislative amendments contained in Law No. 26 of 2015 and related Resolutions Commentary on Law No. 26 of 2015 amending provisions of the Civil and Commercial Code of Procedure Decree Law No. (38) for
Authors: Al-Abdullah Hussein
Published: November 2024

The Kuwaiti legislature issued Law No. 26 of 2015, an amendment to the Law No. 38 for the year 1980, regarding the provisions of the Civil and Commercial Procedure Code. There came to be a need for this amendment due to the rise of litigation rates before the courts. The amendment seeks to ease the pressure on the delegates in charge of advertising who use conventional methods in creating advertisements. It allows them to use complementary methods to these traditional methods in an effort to keep up with modern developments. Meanwhile, pressure is lifted off the advertising and executive departments that employ traditional means of advertising. Moreover, these current methods will aid in hastening the settling of cases before the courts in order to avoid the postponement of proceedings.
Reconstruction of Civil Law Systems and the Law of Obligations under the English Common Law Heritage
Authors: Alhajri Thafar M.
Published: November 2024

The central theme of this research is to illuminate the role of judicial precedents in the reconstruction of civil law legal systems around the world. Consistent with this pursuit and analysis it will be essential to explore the historical background that underpins the role of judicial precedents in civil legal systems.
There are significant differences between civil and common law jurisdictions. Thus evidence will be presented to show that judges have found precedents to be persuasive when adjudicating similar cases. This research will also juxtapose the role judicial precedents against the backdrop of the doctrine of Juris Constantein the development of civil law legal systems.
القيود الأمنية هل هي من أعمال السيادة أم مجرد أعمال مادية بحتة تعليق على حكم محكمة التمييز بالطعن رقم ٥٣٩ لسنة ٢٠١٦ مدني 1 الصادر بجلسة ٢٠١٧/٧/١٠
Authors: الطبطبائي عادل
Published: November 2024

أولاً - الوقائع :
تتلخص الوقائع بقيام أحد أفراد فئة المقيمين بصفة غير قانونية في البلاد (البدون) بإقامة الدعوى رقم ۲۰۱٤/٤٠٣٤ يطالب فيها الحكم بإلغاء القرار الإداري الصادر من وكيل وزارة الداخلية ورئيس الجهاز المركزي لمعالجة أوضاع المقيمين بصورة غير قانونية بصفتهما، بوضع قيد أمني عليه وما يترتب على ذلك من آثار على سند من القول أنه من فئة المقيمين بصورة غير قانونية، وقد التحق بالعمل لدى الطاعن الأول بصفته بتاريخ ١٩٦٢/١/٢، واستمرار عمله إلى أن تم انتهاء خدمته في ۱۹۹۷/۱/٥، إلا أنه بعد انتهاء خدمته فوجئ بصدور القرار المطعون فيه بوضع قيد أمني عليه بقالة التحاقه بالجيش الشعبي العراقي إبان الغزو، على الرغم من أنه ظل في الخدمة بعد الغزو وصرفت مستحقاته المالية، وإذ لم يتلق رداً من الطاعنة بصفتها ومن ثم أقام الدعوى.
تعزيز تشريعات مملكة البحرين في مجال التجارة الإلكترونية المتعلقة بالتوقيعات الإلكترونية من خلال اعتماد قانون الأونسيترال النموذجي 2001 بشأن التوقيعات الإلكترونية
Authors: المعايطة قيس خليل
Published: November 2024

إن من الفوائد التي تمنحها التجارة الإلكترونية، هي إنها تساعد في وضع استراتيجيات استباقية ومتكاملة للوصول  للنجاح. بحيث تضمن أن المنتجات والخدمات المتاحة للعملاء على مستوى الرضا و الراحة  مع التركيز على الوقت المناسب ، وعليه تساعد التجارة الإلكترونية على إجراء اكبر عدد من المعاملات من خلال الإنترنت والوصول إلى مجموعة أكبر من العملاء. ويسهل النمو بسبب انخفاض تكاليف تشغيل الإنترنت على العكس ما يتم عليه الامر في الطرق التقليدية ، وتتمتع البحرين كبلد  به بنية أساسية ومبادرات تساعد في دعم التجارة الإلكترونية. وإن كانت الدولة تسعى جاهدة للتركيز على التجارة الإلكترونية لتوفير منصة لنمو الأعمال التجارية المتنوعة حتى تتمكن من التواصل كافة شرائح العملاء . يبدو أن تشريع التجارة الإلكترونية الحالي اصبح قديم  في توفير الأمن. يتمثل مفهوم التوقيعات الإلكترونية في أنها آلية امنه مصممة لحماية مصالح الشركات والعملاء الذين ينخرطون في التجارة الإلكترونية. حيث التشريعات الحالية في البحرين فيما يتعلق بالتوقيعات الإلكترونية. بحاجة إلى تحديث والتعديل وفقًا للمعايير الدولية.