bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamization of Arabic Poetry between Pre-Islamic (Jahiliyyah) and Islamic Period: Praise Poetry of Hassan Ibn Tsabit as a Case Study
Authors: Suleiman Nor Hidayah , Ahmad H. Osman Rahmah , Rosli Asma’ Huda , Azhar Anis Farzana
Published: December 2021

Hassan bin Tsabit is among the prominent figures in Arabic poetry. One of the reasons he excels in poetry is because he is from a family of poets. Hassan bin Tsabit is well-known among his people during the pre-Islamic (jahiliyah) period and during the Islamic period after his conversion to Islam. It is a known fact that he plays a big role in defending Islam through his poetries. On that note, this article aims to find out the islamization in Hassan bin Tsabit's poetry works between pre-Islamic and Islamic period focusing on his praise poetries. The methodology used for this article is the descriptive qualitative research method. The researchers analyzed the selected praise poetries according to the concept of Islamic literature by Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady. The findings of this article are that the work of praise poetries by Hassan bin Tsabit is influenced strongly by Islam in terms of the terminologies and style of writing.
The Islamization of Knowledge and Its Efforts to Neutralize The Idea of Liberal Islām: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Hamka Ibnu Hudzaifah , Ahmad H. Osman Rahmah , Hamsi Mohd Norhan , Muhammad Zain Muhammad Hafiz
Published: December 2021

This study deals with the conflict between the Islamization of knowledge and the liberalism of Islam. The necessity of the project of Islamization of knowledge is to be purifying from Western influences and elements in thought and human sciences because they do not suitable the Islamic world view. The phenomenon of liberal Islam became one of the challenges of Islamization of knowledge to reach its goals. The study aims to present the efforts that have been made to neutralize the idea of liberal Islam. The study was based on the descriptive approach by studying the concept of Islamization of knowledge and liberal Islam and tracing the history of them in Indonesia and Malaysia. From the results of the study: The researchers concluded that the Islamization of knowledge project has exerted its efforts in various activities to implement the neutralization of the elements that are affected by the Western world view in science and thought generally. Most of the activities revolved around editorial and publishing activities, discussions, lectures and scientific debates, and the establishment of social and scientific institutions or organizations.
THE IMPACT OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) ON THE AUDIT IN THE CONTEXT OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: SALUR Mehmet Nuri , KATTAR Walaa Khoder
Published: December 2021

Companies continue to adopt new tools in light of technology advancements and to maintain their competitive advantage. One of these technologies is the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System . This system integrates all of the company's departments, such as human resources, finance, marketing, and production, into a sophisticated software database that manages and organizes operations. Various studies examine the impact of ERP deployment on the auditing. However, there no paper that compile the results of the recent studies in one reference. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive reference about ERP system and its impact on internal auditing functions. The majority of the data in this report comes from numerous organizational documents and academic studies published since 2011. The results of the study are a presentation of the advantages and disadvantages of using an ERP system for internal auditing process.
Disruptive Engineering: Maximizing the Feedback Relationship between Industry 4.0 and the Nigerian Engineering Education Sector
Authors: Odetoye Oyinlolu A. , Odetoye Temitope E.
Published: December 2021

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) continues to drive a fusion of physical, digital and biological technology in ways that are rewriting the norms in engineering practice by introducing new approaches such as Internet of things (IoT) and the Industry 4.0 paradigm, that are poised to also change the educational sector globally. Nigeria is yet to tap into the full potential of the Third Industrial Revolution. The relationship between 4IR and engineering education is considered as a positive feedback loop. 4IR technologies have great potential to enhance the quality of the Nigerian engineering education system, which in turn fosters an improved engineering education sector that is better-equipped to produce sustainable outcomes in Industry 4.0 era. This paper explores the potentials for application of 4IR technologies in improving the Nigerian engineering education delivery system by review  and suggests ways through which the educational system can enhance the potentials of its educands to become competitive professionals in the disruptive-technology engineering era. It was concluded that the feedback relationship which exists between engineering education and Industry 4.0 needs rapt attention of stakeholders in order to address the reality of disruptive technology. Keywords— Industrial revolution, Internet of things, Engineering education, Positive feedback, Disruptive technology
Trust Evaluation Model for Internet of Things using Mobile Ad hoc Networks
Authors: Mogaji Stephen A. , Ayeni Olaniyi A. , Fadare Oluwaseun G.
Published: December 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) is a theory that embraces various objects and methods of communication to exchange information. Today, IoT is more a descriptive term of a vision that everything should be linked to the internet. As many as the advantages of IoT, its uniqueness poses a new problem in establishing a trustworthy environment amid some of the items due to the lack of appropriate implementation machineries. However, some common network security measures are not adequate to preserve the integrity of information and services exchanged over the internet. As a result, they remain vulnerable to threats ranging from cyber-physical layer and social layer data management risks. IoT in smart environments interrelates with mobile ad hoc network (MANET), becoming even more attractive and economically successful. This research proposes two different metrics approaches namely Social trust metrics and Quality of Service to evaluate the trustworthiness of IoT Applications using MANET nodes and designing trust metrics that are computed using multiple properties of trust and quality of service.  A model would be designed and simulated in NS-2.  The findings of the investigation into the evaluation of trustworthiness and network performance are presented. The proposed system model has 99.31% accuracy when there were 10%malicious nodes in the network. When the number of misbehaving nodes was increased to 50%, the accuracy level dropped to 98.75 percent, a difference of only 0.56%. The results show that the security and trustworthiness of the proposed system is an improvement over the existing models like Collaborative Reputation (CORE) trust model and Ant Based Evidence Distribution (trust) model. The proposed model can be used to address security challenges in a network environment. Keywords— Confidence, Honesty, IoT, MANET, QoS, Trustworthiness.
Numerical Investigation of Iron Ore Tailings Filled Epoxy Composite as Heat Resistant Material
Authors: Mbagwu Vivian N. , Adewumi Olayinka O. , Onitiri Modupe A.
Published: December 2021

The thermal properties of epoxy composites reinforced with iron ore tailings were used to investigate the thermal performance of the composite as heat resistant material. Thermal properties are important parameters for determining the behaviour and appropriate applications of materials. This paper focuses on investigating the thermal performance of epoxy composite reinforced with iron ore tailings (IOT) of particles sizes 150 µm, 10% reinforced. The thermal properties of the selected epoxy-IOT composite were specific heat capacity – 2352 J/kg-K, thermal resistivity – 4.788 °C-m/W, thermal diffusivity – 0.089 mm2/s and Thermal conductivity – 0.209 W/m-K. The selected epoxy-IOT composite was numerically compared with an existing material (gypsum board) of the following thermal properties:  specific heat capacity – 1090 J/kg-K, thermal resistivity – 3.87°C-m/W, thermal diffusivity – 0.333 mm2/s and Thermal conductivity – 0.258 W/m-K. The numerical analysis was done using Autodesk Fusion360, by modelling the materials as slabs.The heat transfer process of the composite and the prediction of the heat resistance capability were explained by comparing the results with an existing material (gypsum plasterboard) using their mechanical and thermal properties.The numerical results indicated that the epoxy-IOT composite has lower minimum temperature and thermal stress compared with the existing material (gypsum board), which implies that epoxy-IOT composite when used as a heat insulator will resist heat and sustain thermal stress better than the gypsum board of the same geometry under the same conditions. In conclusion, an epoxy-IOT composite of appropriate mixing ratio and geometry can be comfortable use as heat resistant materials. Keywords— Epoxy-IOT, Numerical Analysis, Temperature Distribution, Thermal Performance, Thermal Stress
Historical Memory in the Process of Formation and Reproduction of Modern National Identity: the French Experience (Part 1)
Authors: Shmorhun O.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the role of historical tradition and national memory in the formation of modern types of ethno-national identity and mechanisms of consolidation of citizens at the stage of formation of the French state of the modern type. In this regard, various versions of French history were analyzed by representatives of historical and historiographical schools, which still compete with each other for the status of creators of a generally accepted interpretation of important historical events.

It was found that consistently patriotic motivation, which ensures the formation and realization of the innovative potential of the people and social activity of this creative core of the nation, aimed at overcoming any crisis challenges, is formed only on the basis of maximum meaningful synthesis of existing interpretations of French history. In particular, the effectiveness of memory policy is ensured by the fact that symbols, traditions and historical monuments that positively influence the dynamics of national-patriotic motivations and feelings are inevitably (and often, quite consciously) filled with qualitatively new meanings and values.

The complete failure of neoliberal and left-wing radical critiques of Holism's theory and practice has been proved, the conservative elements of which, in particular the appeal to the heroic past, are not at all identical with medieval archaism and almost neo-Nazi political preferences. On the contrary, the typological similarity of Bonapartism and Hollism is due precisely to their ability to effectively oppose reactionary and revolutionary extremism, which is equally destructive to the nation-state.

In this regard, the exceptional relevance of the use of historical memory to form their own traditionalist and authoritarian charisma (in their relationship) by the creator and first president of the Fifth Republic Charles de Gaulle in the process of his opposition to anti-national provocations of far-right and far-left.
Development of Public History in Australia
Authors: Orlova T.
Published: December 2021

The present article is aimed at demonstrating the importance of new for Ukrainian historiography direction of public history, for the country’s development and for strengthening its stance at the international arena. Australia is taken for an example, as it has turned from once remote Terra Incognita into one of the leading nations of the modern world. It is emphasized that, regardless of attainments, the identity issue is still as urgent as to other countries in the conditions of a global crisis. The sources of the public history trend are revealed, explained are the factors conducive to its spread planet-wise, attention is brought to the fact that this trend has become a natural result of developments in the science of history in the Western civilization, encompassing countries of Europe, the Americas, and Australia. The latter, being a ramification of the Western civilization branch, has adopted the guidelines outlined by American scholars, driven by pragmatic considerations.

Steps are determined in the institutionalization of the said direction, a characteristic is given to the activities of the Australian Center of Public History at Sydney Technology University, of the journal “Public History Survey”, as well as to the specifics of their work in the digital era under the motto: “History for the public, about the public, together with the public”. The same motto is leading the historians working with local and family history, cooperating with the State in the field of commemoration, placing great importance on museums, memorials, monuments. Considering national holidays, particular attention is given to the National Day of Apology, reflecting the complications of Australian history. Like American public history, the Australian one began to give much attention to those groups of population that were previously omitted by the focus of research, namely, the aborigines.

A conclusion is made regarding the importance of history in general and public history in particular for the implementation of the national identity policy – an important token of the nation’s stable and successful progress.
Scientist-historian Hasan Hasanov about the Creation of a Country called “Atropatena / Adorbaigan / Azerbaijan”
Authors: Kudryachenko A.
Published: December 2021

Interview of the Director of the Institute of World History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Kudryachenko Andriy Ivanovych with Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Hasanov Hasan Aziz oglu.
Lend-lease Program through the Prism of Official and Ego Sources
Authors: Lysenko O. , Fil O. , Khoynatska L.
Published: December 2021

Discussions around various aspects of World War II in the world’s scientific space and memory field have continued throughout the postwar decades. Initially, they were determined by polar and antagonistic ideological paradigms, and after the end of the Cold War – the discovery and introduction into scientific circulation of previously classified sources, testing of avant-garde methods of scientific knowledge, the development of interpretive tools.

In the late 1930s, the Soviet Union found itself virtually isolated, alone with the Axis bloc and their allies. It was difficult for the Soviet leadership to overcome the existing threats on its own, especially after the German attack. Only the realization by the Western Allies that Berlin’s aggressive course had become a global challenge made it possible to find a constructive way to join forces in the fight against a common enemy. One of the channels of cooperation between the states of the Anti-Hitler Coalition was the organization of supplies to the USSR of military equipment, ammunition, food, and materials necessary for the facilities of the Soviet military-industrial complex within the framework of the land lease program.

Until recently, the problem of land lease was more in ideological discourse than in purely scientific. The currently available source base allows for an unbiased analysis of this phenomenon and elucidation of the place and role of foreign revenues to the USSR in strengthening its defense capabilities during the war against Germany and its allies. However, to this day, the researchers look out of focus, because of the perception of this phenomenon by veterans who fought on foreign military equipment, ate food from overseas. The authors of the article sees their task as combining these two dimensions of the lend-lease and finding out its impact not only on the scale of the large-scale armed confrontation, but also on the moral and psychological condition of the Red Army, for whom the war was an extremely difficult test.
Hungary Relations with Neighboring Countries in the XX – early XXI Century
Authors: Perga T.
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on Hungary’s relations with Slovakia and Ukraine. It is concluded that the foreign policy of Hungary is radicalized at the beginning of the XXI century, which is manifested in the growing pressure on neighboring countries, in particular Ukraine, in order to provide autonomy to members of the Hungarian ethnic minority. It was found that this policy implements the idea of “Greater Hungary”, which must ensure the dominance of the unification and re-assimilation processes and the integration of the Hungarian nation in Eastern Europe around Budapest. It is proved that the preconditions for its development established the Treaty of Trianon, as a result of which the country lost two thirds of its territory and one third of its population. It was found that the antagonism inherent in the disregard of ethnic principle during the establishment of borders after the World War I prompted Hungary to resort to a forceful scenario of resolving territorial disputes, which dominated in the first half of the XX century. It was revealed that the change in the geopolitical situation in the second half of the XX century made it impossible to implement thus scenario, which led to a change in Hungary’s strategy and tactics to return the territories lost as a result of the World War I, II,. So Hungary transfers the solving of disputes with neighboring countries in the legal field, on a bilateral basis. Hungary has relied on the cultural and linguistic unification of the nation, based on the preservation of national traditions. The author concludes that, despite the differences in the situation with the Hungarian community in Slovakia and Ukraine, Hungary uses similar tools to promote the idea of a “Greater Hungary” and pressure on neighboring countries. Hungary’s policy poses a threat to Ukraine’s national security. Its methods lead to periodic interference in the policies of neighboring countries. This should be considered as one of the elements of the policy of “soft accession” of the Hungarian-speaking part of Transcarpathia to Hungary, which can be regarded as one of the elements of hybrid wars of the early XXI century.
Contractive Practices in History of Serbo-Croatian Relations
Authors: Rozumyuk V.
Published: December 2021

The article examines Serbo-Croatian conflict in the XX - early XXI centuries. The history of the formation of the Serbian and Croatian statehood is analyzed; the reasons for the confrontation between two close Slavic peoples are determined and the evolution of their relationship is highlighted; clarified the determinants that determine the antagonistic nature and demonstrative cruelty of the Serbo-Croatian confrontation. The formation after the “Patriotic War” of 1991-1995 of two parallel “worlds” was stated, as a result of which the Croatian and Serbian communities hardly intersect in everyday life. Constant quarrels and fights on ethnic grounds, burning of flags and desecration of state symbols have been and remain daily occurrences from the very beginning of reintegration, and war criminals convicted by an international tribunal are perceived by the two communities as national heroes and defenders of the Motherland. It points to the gradual aggravation of interethnic confrontation in Croatia and the growth of xenophobic sentiments, which has been observed recently.

The conclusion about the failure of past and modern attempts to establish Serbo-Croatian cooperation in building a common future has been substantiated. It is emphasized that the Serbo-Croatian conflict does not look exhausted, not only because of the heavy burden of the past, which causes mutual accusations and long-standing hatred. Attention is drawn to the fact that this confrontation is primarily about the future - about the fate of various national projects. The mirage of “Greater Serbia” still tempts a significant part of the Serbs, who are hatching revanchist intentions, while the Croats are determined to defend their won independence. Accordingly, under certain international conditions, the confrontation of political ambitions in the Balkans can easily flare up with renewed vigor, once again confirming the reputation of this region as a “powder keg” of Europe.
Experience and Peculiarities of Reconciliation of Contradictions between Germany and France
Authors: Mitrofanova O.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the experience and peculiarities of reconciliation of contradictions between Germany and France. The positions of the Presidents of France and Chancellors of the Federal Republic of Germany regarding the theoretical foundations and practical steps of the implementation of French-German reconciliation are studied. This paper deals with the problem of Alsace-Lorraine, a region with a border identity, which repeatedly became the cause of Franco-German disputes and passed from one state to another. The role of the individual in overcoming the contradictions between Germany and France is highlighted. The factor of European integration is considered, which not only contributed to the reconciliation of contradictions between Germany and France, but also turned the two states into leaders of a united Europe. The Elysee Treaty and its implementation were analyzed. The military cooperation between France and Germany is investigated. The problem of historical memory and the desire to reconcile the contradictions between Germany and France are revealed. It is proved that the experience and peculiarities of reconciliation of contradictions between Germany and France testify to the fact that the real reconciliation of the two leading states directed their efforts towards a more global goal – the creation of a common Europe. It was concluded that the mechanisms for achieving Franco-German reconciliation are interesting for studying and borrowing, taking into account national characteristics in the reconciliation of other European countries, and regions with borderline identities. The French-German experience may be useful for application in Polish-Ukrainian relations. The main conclusion from the analysis of the experience and the peculiarities of reconciling the contradictions between Germany and France is that their implementation led to unexpected and far-reaching consequences that once seemed just a dream. At the beginning of European integration in the 50s of the twentieth century, it was difficult to imagine the contemporary EU with its common currency, the Schengen area, developed economy, social programs. Franco-German reconciliation was transformed into the fruitful work of the Franco-German tandem, on the success of which depends not only the future of France and Germany, but the evolution of the entire united Europe.
Historical Prerequissites and Features of the Development of Ukrainian-Lithuanian Cooperation
Authors: Vizniak Ya.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study is to analyze the process of formation and development of Ukrainian and Lithuanian interstate relations in the political sphere during the 1990s of the XX century – the beginning of the XXI century as the most effective and mass form of communication between the two countries. The research methodology is based on the fundamental principles of scientific knowledge: historicism, consistency and objectivity. At the same time, the methodological structure of the article provides for the analysis of the foreign policy of the Republic of Lithuania at three levels: theoretical and conceptual (analysis of the ideological and theoretical foundation of foreign policy in the context of the new geopolitical situation in Europe and the new realities and challenges of the modern system of international relations); doctrinal (analysis of foreign policy concepts and regulatory support for foreign policy); practical and political (analysis of the implementation of priority areas of foreign policy and the political and strategic course of both countries). The scientific novelty lies in the implementation of a systematic analysis of the development of Ukrainian and Lithuanian relations in the late XX – early XXI centuries, showing their development in a pan-European context, taking into account the geopolitical priorities of Ukraine and Lithuania. Conclusions. It was found out that the political sphere is the main area of cooperation in which Ukraine and the Republic of Lithuania actively cooperate and are mutually interested, which in turn acted as an imperative for establishing relations in the field of economy, culture, security and defense. In this context, the experience of the Republic of Lithuania should be taken into account, in which the consensus of political forces on the country’s foreign policy orientation was reached almost immediately after the declaration of independence.
Indian-Pakistani Border: Historical Development and Contemporary Principles of Reconciling Contradictions
Authors: Shved V.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of the historical foundations of the existing border conflicts between India and Pakistan and the latest efforts of these two states and the international community in relation of resolving them. The roots of the existing Indian-Pakistani border conflicts go back to the time when India was a part of British colonial empire. To a decisive extent, such conflicts were a consequence of the British authority’s policy, which, in an effort to weaken the liberation movement in India, incited enmity between the largest ethno-religious groups of the population – Hindus and Muslims. This policy eventually led to the formation of two separate neighboring states – India and Pakistan, and these countries inherited numerous border conflicts. The largest among them is Kashmir, due to the gap of this territory between India and Pakistan. For several decades, the state of Jammu and Kashmir, according to Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, had a special status and broad autonomy.However, the Indian government, headed by N. Modi, eliminated this special status by removing this article from the country’s constitution in August 2019.

Over the past year, under the influence of serious geopolitical changes in the Indo-Pacific region and South Asia, the government of N. Modi initiated a return to the consideration of the status of the former state of Jammu and Kashmir, and also seeks to develop an updated format for his stay in India. On June 25, 2021 the prime minister of India held an important meeting with a group of prominent politicians from Kashmir, which was the first public event by the Indian government after the liquidation of the Kashmir autonomy. During the meeting, a number of issues were discussed about the preparation for the future elections in the region. N. Modi described the meeting as “an important step towards increasing efforts in the development and progress of the territory of Jammu and Kashmir”.
The Place of Politics in the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad: the History of the Issue from al-Karafi to the Ideologists of the Islamic revolution in Iran
Authors: Amirov E.G.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes one of the fundamental issues of Islamic political thought - the origin of the military-political actions of the Prophet Muhammad. This is an issue that has been the subject of serious debate and controversy among Muslim thinkers for many centuries. The author compares two opposing points of view of Muslim scholars of different eras on this issue.

According to the first – the political decisions of the Prophet Muhammad must be perceived as the fruit of revelation, according to the second – they are still the result of a bright political talent. Having decided on the arguments of each of the parties and as an arbiter, the author turns to the Holy Quran. Various examples from the scriptures of Muslims lead to the conclusion that political and military decisions made as a result of revelation occupy a significant place in the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. However, the author cites the example of a case when the Prophet Muhammad made important military-political decisions at his own discretion or as a result of a meeting with his companions.

Summarizing the examples, taking into account the lessons of Islamic history and the modern political process, the author comes to the conclusion that the fundamental principles of Islamic rule established by the Prophet Muhammad are of Quranic origin, and they are mandatory for Muslim leaders. Guided by these principles, Muslim leaders are free to make decisions in one form or another, depending on the prevailing circumstances. The Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad reflect the principles and essence of Islamic politics. External forms are seen as a changeable phenomenon, and in traditional Islamic discourse, the interest in understanding them is usually not so great.
Iğdır’da Domates (Solanum Lycopersicon L.)’te Hastalığa Neden Olan Bakterilerin İzolasyonu ve Tanısı
Authors: SUNYAR Büşran , DÖNMEZ Mesude Figen , ÇORUH İrfan
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, 2017 yılında Iğdır ilinde domateste verim ve kalite kaybına neden olan bakteriyel hastalık etmenleri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla üretiminin yoğun olarak yapıldığı Aralık, Karakoyun, Tuzluca, Kasımcan, Oba ve Melekli ilçelerinde sürvey yapılarak hastalıklı bitki örnekleri toplanmıştır. İzolasyon çalışması sonucunda 98 bakteri straini elde edilmiştir. Strainlerin King B besiyerinde fluoresant pigment üretimi, levan koloni oluşumu, gram reaksiyon, pektolitik aktivite, oksidaz, amilaz, arginine dehidrolaz, katalaz ve tütün bitkisinde hipersensetif reaksiyon özellikleri test edilmiştir. Süper 5656 domates çeşitinde 11 strainin patojenisite testi pozitif bulunmuştur. Yağ asit metil ester analizi (FAME) ve BIOLOG Gen III ile 8 strain Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, 2 strain Pseudomonas viridiflava ve 1 strain Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato olarak tanılanmıştır. Iğdır ilinde belirtilen patojenlerin varlığı ilk defa bu çalışma ile ortaya konulmuştur.
Characterization, functional analysis and antibacterial activities of theromacin from the Akoya pearl oyster Pinctada fucata
Authors: Guo Hua-Yang , Liu Bo , Yang Jing-Wen , Jiang Shi-Gui , Zhang Dian-Chang
Published: December 2021

The Akoya Pearl oyster Pinctada fucata is distributed over the coastal area of South China and is the most popular farming shellfish for seawater pearl production. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) could inhibit or kill pathogenic microorganisms. Theromacin has been proven to be an antimicrobial peptide, which plays an essential role in the body’s immune system. The AMP gene to be identiﬁed was encoding theromacin in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata (PoAP). The full-length PoAP cDNA contains 522 bp and consists of a 5’-UTR of 6 bp, an unusually long 3’-UTR of 749 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 375 bp that encodes a 124 amino acid peptide with a molecular weight of 13.67 kDa and the theoretical isoelectric point of 9.25. Homology analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of the PoAP with other known theromacin sequences by MatGAT software revealed that the PoAP shared 29.0%-46.8% similarity to the other known theromacin sequences. Signal P-N program showed that PoAP contains 33 amino acid signal peptides and a mature peptide located at amino acids 34-124; the mature peptide contains 12 cysteine residues and 13 alkaline amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 13.67 kDa and the theoretical isoelectric point of 9.25. The tempered program suggests that PoAP is a membrane protein with one transmembrane helix between amino acids 13 and 34. The PoAP gene was linked into prokaryotic vector pET-32α, and the PoAP fusion protein with 31 kDa molecular mass was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Using His-Bind Purification Kit Protocol purifies the antimicrobial peptides recombinant protein and compares the bacteriolysis effect on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the purified protein. The results show that PoAP proteins had a bacteriolysis effect on the Gram-negative bacteria but on Gram-positive organisms. The antibacterial peptides theromacin seem to play a crucial antibacterial function in the immune responses of pearl oysters.
Survey on Prevalence of Vegadharana as a Risk Factor for Cardiac Disorders- An Observational Pilot Study
Authors: Lolashri S.J  , Kiran M Goud  , Prasanna Kulkarni
Published: December 2021

The present era, which is a reflection of changing major driving forces such as social, economic and cultural due to globalization, urbanization and population ageing. By this change, there is raise in the prevalence of certain non-communicable diseases. Cardiac disorders are among such which stands first in increasing mortality rate about 31% globally. Now a day, the prevalence rate is increasing due to behavioral risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol and smoking. People are also at higher risk of these disorders with the presence of high risk of one or more already established disease conditions like Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus etc. Indians are being affected by high rates of these major risk factors which are striking for cardiac disorders at an earlier age almost 33% earlier than other demographical regions.

Considering all these many organizations like MRFIT, American Heart association, National Lipid organization etc. are conducting various trials since four decades to establish the appropriate relation with risk factors to plan the better lines of management. Ayurveda explains about the concept of Dharaneeya and Adharaneeya vegas, where in Acharyas emphasize that many of the systemic diseases are caused by the forceful suppression of natural urges. Among 13 Dharaneeya vegas 9 are found to be the risk factors in causing various cardiac disorders. With this regard to explore and to assess the prevalence of Vegadharana as risk factor for cardiac disorders, an attempt has made as a pilot survey study on 40 cardiac patients. Aim: To understand the Prevalence and epidemiology of Vegadharana in Cardiac disorders. To observe the Co-relation between Vegadharana and Cardiac disorders. Methodology: It is a Pilot observational study done by using a survey strategy. The questionnaire method in an electronic format was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and Co-relation Co-efficient was used to analyze the data obtained. Result: In this Pilot study, the sum of the prevalence of Vegadharana was observed it was found that the frequency of Vegadharana was more in cardiac individuals, especially the category of few times and sometimes with n value=76 and 64 respectively. Conclusion: With the above data, it can be concluded that; Vegadharana has an impact on the expectancy of Cardiac disorders. The data also revealed the co-relation of Vegadharana in permutation which are signifying as higher risk factors in causing cardiac disorders.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS): Work-Related Musculo-Skeltal Disorder and its Intervention in Ayurveda
Authors: Tanvi Sood
Published: December 2021

Today the desk/chair-hand combination became the cultural norm in the workplace. Typical seated worker has risk of musculo-skeltal disorders same as lifting heavy weights on job. CTS is one of the musculo-skeletal disorder and is due to overuse, strain, forceful or stressed motion of hand and wrist. Activities or jobs that require repetitive flexion and extension of the wrist may contribute such as computer work, sewing, writing, playing instruments, and driving for long duration. Its Risk factors include RA or other wrist arthritis, Diabetes etc. In Ayurveda increase or vitiation of Vata results in compression and pain which is present in CTS. Ayurveda management of Carpal tunnel syndrome involves the management of vitiated Vata Dosha. The primary aim is to ease inflammation and pain by improving blood circulation and relaxing the muscles. In this regard, an attempt has been made to review the Ganas (Group of drugs) like Vednasthapana, Daha-Shamaka and therapies like Basti, Swedna mentioned in Ayurvedic classical texts and scientific journals which helps in management of symptom and eliminate the root cause of diseases.
Appraisal on Special Ayurvedic Dietary Formulas for Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: C S Archana  , V C Indulekha
Published: December 2021

Metabolic syndrome and related complications are a major challenge for health providers of present era. Metabolic syndrome with key characters of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia are the outcomes of faulty diet and habits. Since there are no such pharmacological agents which can reverse this condition more importance is being given to diet and lifestyle modifications. Traditional medicinal systems like Ayurveda gives equal importance for food and nutrition in both health and diseased conditions. Concept of Pathya -apathya for each and every disease is unique to Ayurveda where the macro and micronutrient principles were selected rationally for each disease conditions. These very principles can be adopted along with dietary supplements for curbing modern lifestyle disorders, more over there is mentioning of similar conditions in classics under a board term of Santharpanajanya Vikaras. Materials and methods- Thorough literary search done on various classical Ayurvedic texts for various diet and dietary preparations and online bases for their pharmacological properties from Ayurvedic and modern perspective and enlisted the dietary supplements. Results- Selected three major ingredients for the macro nutrient principles carbohydrate, protein and fat suggestive for MS from Sthoulya Prakarana and their properties are critically reviewed. Conclusion- There is enough scope of research in Ayurvedic dietary supplements for obesity and Metabolic Syndrome.
A Review on Swarna Kalpas Mentioned in Rasaratnasamucchaya
Authors: Rohith.M.R  , S.Thara Lakshmi
Published: December 2021

Rasasastra an independently originated science which became a significant part of Ayurveda deals with the pharmaceutics and therapeutic aspects of the metals and minerals. Rasaratna samucchaya is a well known Rasasastra textbook which describes both the aspects of various Rasaushadhis. A literature review on Swarna kalpas mentioned in Rasaratna samucchaya has been conducted here. The available data was classified and tabulated in the order of chapters. A total of 52 formulations were identified with presence of Swarna as an ingredient and among them, more number of formulations (10) were mentioned in Vajikarana adhyaya compared to other chapters.
Effect of Navajivana Rasa with Pathyashadangam Kashaya Ghanasatwa in Classical Migraine - An Open Label Single Arm Pilot Study
Authors: Rohith.M.R  , S.Thara Lakshmi  , Kusumam Joseph
Published: December 2021

Migraine is the second most common cause of primary headache and as per GBD 2015; migraine was ranked third highest cause of disability worldwide. Migraine with aura is an episodic headache associated with certain features such as sensitivity to light, sound or movement; nausea, vomiting and various fully reversible neurological symptoms. The aim of study was to assess the effect of Navajivana rasa with Pathyashadangam kashaya ghanasatwa in Classical Migraine. The formulations were combined and made into a dispensable form of hard gelatin capsules. Selected participants were given with two 500mg capsules twice daily after food for 2 months and were observed during 1 month of follow up. Symptomatic features were assessed before treatment, after 2 months of medication & after follow up. The MIDAS score for the assessment of disability was assessed before and after 3 months of study period. The results showed that, the study drug was effective in relieving the sign & symptoms of classical migraine and in improving the quality of life.
A Case Report on Ayurvedic Management of Perimenopausal Bleeding
Authors: Kavitha K S  , Aswini Mohan L  , Asha Sreedhar
Published: December 2021

Perimenopausal period is the transitional period where a woman passes from the reproductive to the non-reproductive stage. Abnormal uterine bleeding in the perimenopausal period accounts for 70% of all gynecological problems. Most of the abnormal uterine bleeding in this period is due to endometrial abnormalities. In Ayurveda the condition can be correlated to Asrigdhara. This is the case report of a 54 year aged lady who presented with complaints of excessive bleeding and frequent menstrual cycles since three months. Investigations were done to rule out malignancy. USG report showed endometrial hyperplasia of 17mm with bulky uterus. Pap smear and Colposcopy reports showed inflammatory and CIN I changes with HPV flat lesions respectively. Bleeding stopped after two weeks of internal medication. USG done after six months showed significant reduction in endometrial thickness. Pronounced changes were also seen in Pap smear and Colposcopy findings.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Mouth Rinsing With 0.4% Syzygium Cumini Leaf Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Aniruddha Das  , Puja C Yavagal
Published: December 2021

Syzygium cumini leaf extract possess a range of pharmacological properties such as anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, cardioprotective, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. Objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of 0.4% Syzygium cumini leaf extract and 0.2% chlorhexidine containing mouthwashes on salivary Streptococcus mutans among children aged 7-8 years in a hospital setting. Methods: Twenty-four school children aged 7-8 years, fulfilling the eligibility criteria, were randomized into two groups. Group 1: received 0.4% S. cumini leaf extract mouth wash and Group 2: received 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth wash. Saliva samples of the children were collected before and one hour after mouth rinsing with 10 ml of interventional mouthwash, for S. mutans count analysis. Results: The results of the study showed that there was significant reduction in salivary S. mutans counts in both the groups post mouth rinsing with interventional solutions (p=0.002). However, intergroup comparison reveled that in Chlorhexidine group there was significantly more reduction in Salivary S mutans counts compared to Syzygium cumini mouth rinsing group. (p=0.03) Conclusion: There was reduction in salivary S mutans counts after mouth rinsing with Syzygium cumini leaf extract. Hence, Syzygium cumini leaf extract mouthwash could be an effective aid for prevention and control of dental caries since it is safe, culturally acceptable and feasible.
A Case Report on Ayurvedic Management of Dushta Vrana
Authors: Neethi Rajan  , C.K Krishnan Nair
Published: December 2021

Dushta vrana is a commonly encountered problem in day-to-day practice. Contemporary progress in the field of surgery has reduced the incidence of wound infection to a great extent along with the use of antibiotics. But still the management of ulcer encounters many glitches. This case study discusses about a 58-year-old male patient who presented with a chronic non healing ulcer in the anterior aspect of the left ankle joint associated with pain, burning sensation, foul smelling and inflammation with no history of varicose veins. Patient was treated with Karaskara ksheera kashaya dhara followed by dressing with Jathyadi ghrta. Punarnavadi kashayam and Guggulupanchapala choornam was given internally for a period of 35days. Virechana with Avipathy Choornam was given once during the whole course of the treatment. Raktamokshana was done twice as Jaloukavacharana. In order to enhance the speedy recovery, traditional use of Kupeelu was considered. A highly potent drug among the Upavisha which is well known for properties like Vranahara, Soolahara, Kushtahara, Sothaghna etc. which augments the peripheral blood circulation, reduces pain, burning sensation and inflammation. The wound healed within a period of 35 days and got complete relief from pain, burning sensation and swelling. Thus, the patient was successfully treated with no complications.
Review of Jwarahara Gutika Yogas Containing Vatsanabha in Sahasrayogam
Authors: KV Reshma Phalgunan  , Madavi Subhashchandra
Published: December 2021

Vatsanabha is Vishavarga dravya mentioned in many of the Ayurveda Samhitas, which is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicinal preparations. It has a property of Jwarahara, Amaghna, Swedajana which is very useful in Jwara cases. The drugs like Parada, Gandhaka, Hingula along with Vatsanabha shows fast action on Jwara. In Ayurveda there are many formulations mentioned with Jwarahara properties. In this article we are studying about 17 Jwarahara Gutika yogas containing Vatsanabha which are mentioned in Sahasrayogam. Purpose of this study is to analyse these Yoga in the aspect of their ingredients, Bhavana dravya, Anupana, Sevana vidhi, and their role in management of Jwara. When we analysing each and every ingredients on these Yogas there are certain similarities in ingredients, Bhavana dravya, Anupana of these medicines. Most of these ingredients have Deepana Pachana karma, Katu Thikta rasa, Ushna veerya, Katu vipaka etc which are beneficial for Samprapti vighatana of Jwara. As Sahasrayogam is a compilation of popular formulations which are commonly used by ancient physicians of Kerala, it is assumed that all of this Yoga were once in practice. These formulations are to be kept in tablet form which is very convenient for their administration, palatability etc. But very few of them are available in market. In this current scenario of Covid pandemic Ayurveda field should rethink about these potent medicines of Jwara for the well being of our community, and further study and clinical trial also needed to know their action on Jwara.
Nimba (Azadirachta Indica) Pratisaraneeya Teekshna Kshara: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Manjunath.C.M  , M.N.Hiremath  , Raghuveer
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda promises, a disease free, happy and long life. Among the eight branches of Ayurveda, each branch consists of enormous knowledge from basic concepts up to critical health care strategies. Shalya tantra a prime branch in Astanga Ayurveda is the rich in many aspects of modern surgical concepts. This branch has immense potential to belt the solution of many challenging and unresolved complicated surgical ailments. Acharya Sushruta the pioneer in the field of surgery described four principles therapeutic types in the management of Arshas i.e., Bheshaja, Kshara karma, Agni Karma and Shastra Karma.  Ayurvedic approach especially Kshara Karma stood for better than modern therapeutic option in terms of safety, easy, low cost, devoid of post operative complications and can be done as OPD procedure with minimal set up. Nimba pratisaraneeya kshara has been mentioned throughout the classical literature for Arsha, described as an Upakrama and is substitute for surgical procedure. Nimba pratisaraneeya teekshna kshara which is having antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties and is specially told by Acharya Sushruta. It can be successfully used in the management of Ardra Arshas without any post operative complications. Pratisaraneeya kshara is external application of Kshara whereas internal use of Kshara is known as Paniya kshara. Acharya Dalhana the commentator of Sushruta explained that the substance which produces Shodhana of bodily Dosha, Dhatu, Maladi because of its Ksharana action is called Kshara. It is known as Kshara (alkali) also because of its corrosive nature (Ksharana) Kshara is having benefits like Chedana, Bhedana, Lekhana, Shodhana and Ropana properties with early hemostasis and total eradication of infection, so that it reduces recurrence, helps for the wound healing and also  the duration of treatment is less. Though many researchers have been carried on Nimba till date, this review is done to highlight the significance of Kshara property in Nimba along with its therapeutic use