bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE COSTS OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WORKS IN CITIES IN THE NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL
Authors: Bezerra Jonas da Silva , Lafayette Kalinny Patrícia Vaz , Amorim Emanoel Silva de , Alves Gaby Carvalho , Silva Luciana Cássia Lima da
Published: December 2024

This article presents a survey of the economic aspects of managing Civil Construction Waste (CCW) on construction sites in five cities in Northeast Brazil, causing expenses in the production and profitability of buildings. From collecting data from eighty-four projects relating to waste management, information was obtained on unit cost for disposal, classification of materials, built area and construction stage. It was found that CCW is predominantly Class A and can be reused as aggregate. However, correct segregation is not carried out on-site, resulting in increased values. Furthermore, it was noticed that there is no proportional relationship between the built area and the waste generated. Finally, the inefficiency of management systems was observed due to the disregard of some practices, although most buildings are certified by quality management programs (ISO 9001). Therefore, one of the simplest ways to mitigate costs can be through the application of efficient management, which is associated with the improvement of professionals in the area and raising awareness of the product used.
INTER-SEASONAL SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF TRENDS AND EXTREME EVENTS IN PRECIPITATION USING GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE FOR THE XINGU WATERSHED, EAST OF THE AMAZON
Authors: Moreira Rodrigo Martins , Santos Bruno César dos , Souza Paulo Henrique de
Published: December 2024

O regime de precipitação na bacia hidrográfica do Xingu é um aspecto importante do clima regional e tem implicações significativas para o ciclo hidrológico e a dinâmica dos ecossistemas no Bioma Amazônia. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma análise espacial e temporal da precipitação inter-sazonal. Um total de 22 estações foram selecionadas após uma verificação de consistência. Entre as análises de validação dos dados do CHIRPS com as estações pluviométricas, cerca de 52,3% apreciaram um bom desempenho do R² (>0,7) e uma superestimação dos menores erros durante a estação seca. Durante o período chuvoso houve redução no desempenho do R² (<0,7) em cerca de 71,4% das estações e com maiores erros superestimados em relação ao período seco. O CHIRPS subestima para a estação seca e superestima para a estação chuvosa. Para o período chuvoso, a tendência máxima de precipitação encontrada foi de 0,3 mm.mês-1, e a tendência mínima de precipitação encontrada foi de -0,1 mm.mês-1. Para o período seco, a tendência máxima de precipitação encontrada foi de 0,08 mm.mês-1, e a tendência mínima de precipitação encontrada foi de -0,02 mm.mês-1. Este estudo destaca a importância do sensoriamento remoto para o monitoramento da precipitação em áreas com dados limitados de pluviômetros e fornece informações valiosas para a tomada de decisões na gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos na bacia hidrográfica do Xingu, Amazônia.
Performance Analysis Simulation of Urban Rooftop Photovoltaic Potential in Jakarta City, Indonesia
Authors: Triana Donny , Garniwa Iwa , Rosadi Asep Husni Yasin , Martono Dwi Nowo
Published: December 2024

Energy consumption in urban areas is increasing in line with population growth and economic activity. Cities therefore have an important role in the energy transition process. Jakarta, a metropolitan city, has many buildings that can be used for the installation of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. This study aims to investigate the potential of rooftop solar photovoltaics (RSPV) potential in the city. Available urban rooftop space for installing distributed rooftop solar PV in Jakarta is evaluated by the combination of land use and building footprint analysis using a geographic information system (GIS); consideration of the reduction in shading; and other uses. The study results show that the available roof area suitable for solar PV is 101,297,045 m2 (101.3 km2), 11,236,062 m2 (11.2 km2) and 14,021,862 m2 (14 km2) in residential, industrial and commercial zones respectively. Therefore, potential PV installation capacity based on the available roof area potential ranges from 16,967–21,526 MWp for residential, 1,882–2,388 MWp for industrial, and 2,349–2,980 MWp for commercial areas. Residential electricity potential is 19,089 GWh/year, industrial 2,454 GWh/year, and commercial 3,062 GWh/year, with a scenario of 17.3 percent PV panel efficiency. On the other hand, with 22.8 percent PV panel efficiency, potential residential electricity generation is 26,239 GWh/year, industrial 3,373 GWh/year, and commercial 4,209 GWh/year, representing an annual specific energy yield of 1,161–1,258 kWh/kWp.
Heavy Metal Pollution Risk Assessment and Source Analysis in Warri River Sediments
Authors: Akinwole Isreal Oluwatimileyin , Adeboye Ayodele Christianah , Elabor Isa , Alaiya Gibson , Akangbe Abdulganiyu  A.
Published: December 2024

Contaminated river sediment poses a threat to aquatic life and public health. The focus of this study was to investigate possible contamination of sediments from the Warri River. Triplicate samples were collected from ten sites of intense industrial activities. The sediments were analysed for heavy metals (HMs), anions, and physicochemical properties, including total hydrocarbon content (THC), an indicator of hydrocarbon contamination. The contamination level was evaluated using the following indices: contamination factor index (CF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), ecological risk index (ERI), modified degree of contamination (mCd), pollution load index (PLI), risk index (RI) and sediment quality guidelines (SQG). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to identify the sources of HM contamination. The aggregate contamination indices (mCd, PLI and RI) indicate no contamination/pollution or ecological risk. Similarly, the single contamination indices (CF, Igeo, and ERI) showed low contamination and ecological risk for almost all heavy metals except for Cd, which was high in many sample locations. Most of the heavy metals exhibited values below both the threshold-effects level (TEL) and the probable-effects level (PEL), except for Cd, where 80% of locations recorded levels between TEL and PEL, suggesting possible ecological risk for Cd. PCA suggests that PC1, loaded with Fe, Zn, Ni, Cd and Cr, indicates anthropogenic activity. PC2, loaded with Mn and Pb, suggests both anthropogenic and geogenic origins. In conclusion, the possible HM contamination necessitates urgent government intervention to protect aquatic ecosystems and public health.
Sklaverei und Leibeigenschaft im deutschen Naturrecht des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Schoenemann Benedikt
Published: December 2024

Das Buch behandelt den Meinungsstand zur Sklaverei und Leibeigenschaft im deutschen Naturrecht von etwa 1750 bis 1850. Hierfür wurde die naturrechtliche Literatur, aber auch Rechtsprechung mit entsprechenden Bezügen untersucht. In die Untersuchung wurden alle verfügbaren, also auch unbekanntere Autoren einbezogen, um eine möglichst breite Quellenbasis zu schaffen. Bis in die zweite Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts wurde persönliche Unfreiheit bis hin zur Sklaverei von Naturrechtlern akzeptiert und gerechtfertigt. Um etwa 1790 entwickelte sich zunehmende Ablehnung, gestützt auf die Philosophie Kants und den Menschenrechtsgedanken. Beide Denkrichtungen werden im gesamthistorischen Kontext (insbesondere des ausgehenden Ancien Regime) dargestellt.
Repurposed Drugs: Current Trends in Drug Discovery
Authors: Srikanth Gatadi , Prasad Beda Durga , Praveen Kumar Niggula
Published: December 2024

Drug repurposing is a drug discovery strategy that involves identifying new therapeutic uses for existing drugs. Drug repurposing relies on the idea that a limited number of genes or gene products mediate biological processes and that several biological entities—such as transcripts, proteins, and genes—have pleiotropic effects and mediate similar tasks. Recently, drug repurposing has gained attention as a different approach that looks for novel uses for previously approved or rejected commercial medications to address conditions other than those they were designed for. It offers numerous benefits, such as faster development timelines, reduced costs, established safety profiles, and the potential for novel treatments for unmet medical needs. This chapter explains the current trends in drug discovery and future perspectives on repurposed drugs.
Ethical Consideration of Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Gerardo Jiménez Arias Luis
Published: December 2024

The utilization of stem cells holds considerable promise, prompting calls for heightened scrutiny in ethical considerations, particularly concerning experimental therapeutic applications and associated fees. We shall delve into various ethical facets of therapeutic stem cell usage, encompassing stem cell sourcing. The use of embryonic stem cells has found its limitations in the definition of a person and also in purely religious issues associated with divinity—political divergences, efficacy, and safety assessments, as well as considerations of treatment accessibility and cost. Patients, often grappling with insecurity and uncertainty regarding treatment success, place their hopes in stem cells. In this context, reevaluating the precautionary principle and acknowledging patient vulnerability is imperative.
Some Determinations as to Whether or Not Academic Texts Are Produced by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Uzun Cemile
Published: December 2024

In recent years, many studies have been carried out on the text generation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Some of these studies have analysed the text generation capability of AI tools, and some others have analysed the difference between the texts generated by AI tools and the texts generated by humans. In this study, the difference between the Turkish text production of ChatGPT-4, which is an AI tool, and human-produced texts was investigated according to stylistic elements. ChatGPT-4 and the participants were asked to produce academic and emotional texts, and the texts produced were scored according to the stylistic features identified. The difference between the scores of the two groups was determined statistically. It was found that the AI tools were as successful as human production in producing academic texts in Turkish, but quite different from human production in producing emotional texts.
Lanchester’s Heterogeneous “Fighting Strength” as a Battle Outcome Predictor in a Ternary Mixed Force Competition Applied to a Simple Fire and Manoeuvre Wargame
Authors: Flanagan Mark , Lambert David , C. Lipscombe Trevor , Northey Adrian , M. Robinson Ian
Published: December 2024

This study extends our previous work on battle-outcome prediction using a simple fire-and-manoeuvre wargame, leading to force annihilation. Ternary mixtures explore how properties change by mixing three components in various ratios to identify ideal compositions. We use this approach in a Double Round-Robin competition composed of mixtures of three types of forces (good, average and poor) which financially constrained the number and type of forces used. The wargame outcomes are explored using Lanchester’s heterogeneous equations, and by a salvo based model, which is governed to the cumulative binomial distribution for rolling 1D6 dice repeatedly. An optimal force balance is identified within the study.
Application and Analytical Workflows of Evolutionary Games in Assisted Analytical Decision Making at the Planning Stage: An Example of Urban Renewal and Rural Tourism Planning
Authors: Zhou Youmei , Lei Hao , Bi Yanzhao , Zhu Jianlin , Chen Jingjing , Wang Dandan
Published: December 2024

Evolutionary game theory (EGT) offers a valuable framework for analyzing complex decision-making processes in the early stages of urban renewal and rural tourism planning. This chapter employs EGT to explore its application and analytical workflows through two case studies. The process involves identifying stakeholders, constructing game models, simulating the game process, and analyzing the outcomes to identify optimal strategies. This approach provides insights into the dynamics of the decision-making process, facilitates scenario exploration, and supports evidence-based policy development. The chapter also discusses the importance of considering assumptions and data limitations, drawing on the positive response received from an academic journal publication. The goal is to refine and summarize the findings in higher dimensions, expanding the application of EGT in planning and design.
Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients Using Vasoactive Drugs
Authors: Henrique Covello Luís , Guereiro Ruiz Castro Beatriz , Carolina Paulillo Maria , Bernardes Yacoub Gabriel , Mancini de Sousa Marcella , Toledo Diogo
Published: December 2024

The administration of enteral nutritional therapy (NT) in critically ill patients requiring vasopressor support due to hemodynamic instability demands great attention at the initiation and maintenance of therapy. Early enteral nutrition, started within 24–48 hours after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), is essential for better clinical outcomes. However, when to start therapy is uncertain, as there are controversies regarding the safe dose of vasopressors that allows the initiation of nutritional therapy. Although no specific cutoff value has been identified, the patient’s hemodynamic stability and clinical signs are crucial to evaluate the tolerance to nutritional therapy. Therefore, low and stable doses of vasopressors are preferable, and rigorous clinical monitoring is crucial for the safety of nutritional therapy in critically ill patients.
The Optimization Problems and Modelling the Radiation Characteristics of Focusing Radiating Array
Authors: Andriychuk Mykhaylo , Tkachuk Victor
Published: December 2024

The variational statement of an optimization problem for a 3D linear array, which forms radiation in a far zone, with the subsequent application of the optimization procedure consisting of the application of a gradient method of successive approximation to its solving is examined in chapter. The linear array consists of the source of excitation, the inclined semitransparent plane mirrors, and the final metallic mirror. The quasioptical condition is applicable to the geometry of the array. The distance between the adjacent elements of the array satisfies the conditions of the Fresnel zone, and its radiation pattern (RP) is determined in a far zone. We use an assumption of separation of the variables in the planes of mirrors and the RPs in the far zone. The close formulas are got for the field in the mirrors of the array and the generated RP. The numerical computations demonstrate a rapid convergence of the used iterative method and the possibility of the array to form the radiation characteristics satisfying the different demands.
Neutropenia and Hematology Analyzer
Authors: Feyza Turkes Gulsum
Published: December 2024

The automated hematology analyzer is used to analyze white blood cell (WBC) counts. WBC differentials (WBC-diff) can be measured using a diff-scattergram. This group includes neutrophil cells. Neutrophils, characterized by their multi-lobed nuclei and a diameter ranging from 12 to 15 μm, constitute about 50–70% of the leukocytes present in the bloodstream. They serve as the initial line of defense against infections in the body. Neutropenia is defined as a neutrophil count below the reference range. Neutropenia can be classified as either hematological causes or non-hematological causes. Non-hematologic causes include ethnicity, medical procedures, viral infections, autoimmune illnesses, sepsis, and congenital neutropenia. Hematological causes include myelodysplastic syndromes, acute leukemia, lymphoma, etc. The complete blood count CBC flags notify hematological analyzer operators of abnormal cell conditions, such as neutropenia. Neutropenia can manifest either independently or in conjunction with other flags. Neutropenia can be diagnosed through the utilization of peripheral blood smear tests. We can determine auto-verification rules with certain algorithms by performing a reflex test with these flags. Then, we can perform a peripheral smear analysis. The aim of this section is to explain the method that can provide early diagnosis to patients.
E-Coklit: Voter Data Updating and Effectiveness
Authors: Andyas Elsya Rachma , Nariyah Hery , Bharoto Raden Mahendra Haryo
Published: December 2024

Elections are the main basis for running a democratic system, and updating voter data is an important aspect to ensure the integrity and validity of the process. As a new innovation by the KPU (General Election Commissions) that utilizes information technology, namely E-Government, it is therefore necessary to analyze the effectiveness of using the E-Coklit application. Based on Budiani's theory of effectiveness, this research uses four main variables: accuracy of program targets, program socialization, program objectives, and program monitoring. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with interviews and observations as well as documentation from the agency as data collection techniques. The results showed that the E-Coklit application made it easier for Pantarlih (Voter Data Update Officer) to carry out voter data matching and research activities, with the results of more valid data accuracy and a centralized data system. The use of the E-Coklit application in Majalengka District has shown good results, but requires further improvement to achieve maximum effectiveness.
Comparison of Collective Diverse Arabic Sign Language Dataset
Authors: Bilal Zaid Saad , Gargouri Amir , Mahmood Hanaa F , Mnif Hassene
Published: December 2024

Machine learning researchers from all around the world continue to work out the best ways to collect data efficiently. Data collecting has recently emerged as a key concern for two primary reasons. Despite the fact that machine learning is making significant progress, there may not be enough labelled data for some new applications. Furthermore, deep learning methods have the benefit of automatically creating features, which is not the case with traditional machine learning methods. With this, model design becomes more affordable, although more labelled data may be required. Particularly, the collection of data research has been on the increase in recent years including data management, computer vision, machine learning, and natural language processing. The main reason for this is that it's necessary to handle and process enormous quantities of data successfully. This study primarily aims to present a publicly available dataset comparison that includes large samples of Arabic sign language images for the goal of sign language classification. This dataset collection has a lot of different videos and images that show different moves. The primary objective of this comparison is to show that there are different types of sign language datasets such as words based sign and alphabet based sign furthermore, the comparison include the Background of the Datasets, the Size of the Datasets, the Number of Samples, the Number of Training, Testing, and Validation Samples, the dataset types, and RGB or Binary Images. The main goals of future study will be to improve the method and test the model using AASL-annotated data.
The Umboniinae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species, plus an additional new species from the Bismarck Sea
Authors: Herbert David G.
Published: December 2024

All species of Umboniinae known to occur in New Caledonia are discussed (19 species, 8 new, belonging to 10 genera, 2 new) and a key to genera is provided. An additional new species is described from the Bismarck Sea. Nine species are perhaps endemic to New Caledonia. The diversity of the fauna is comparable to that of Japan and Australia, both regions of much greater extent and spanning a much broader latitudinal range. Ethalia lampra (Watson, 1880), previously known only from the original HMS Challenger material from Fiji, has been rediscovered in New Caledonia. Re-examination of the type material of Monilea apicina Gould, 1861 has led to a re-interpretation of the application of this name. Type specimens of a number of additional umboniine species examined for comparison are illustrated. Two new genera are proposed: Kanakina gen. nov. and Tylorhaphe gen. nov. Nine new species are described: Ethalia anomphala sp. nov., Ethminolia hickmanae sp. nov., Sericominolia porcata sp. nov., S. safrocincta sp. nov., Talopena maestratii sp. nov., Tylorhaphe alisae gen. et sp. nov., T. fritillaria gen. et sp. nov., T. luteopicta gen. et sp. nov. and T. wallacei gen. et sp. nov. Revised status: Talopena Iredale, 1918 is recognised as a full genus rather than a subgenus or synonym of Monilea Swainson, 1840. Minolia agapeta Melvill & Standen, 1896 is considered a distinct species, no longer to be regarded as a junior synonym of Monilea apicina Gould, 1861. Trochus (Monilea) lifuanus Fischer, 1878 is considered a distinct species, no longer to be regarded as a junior synonym of Monilea vernicosa Gould, 1861. New combinations: Monilea incerta Iredale, 1912 is reassigned to Talopena Iredale, 1918; Monilea apicina Gould, 1861, Monilea menkei A. Adams, 1855, Monilea philippii A. Adams, 1855, Pseudominolia tramieri Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006, Trochus belcheri Philippi, 1850, Trochus calyculus W. Wood, 1828, and Trochus (Monilea) masoni G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874 are all referred to Talopena Iredale, 1918. Minolia glaphyrella Melvill & Standen, 1895 is transferred to Kanakina gen. nov. Type localities: Nouméa, New Caledonia is designated as the type locality for Trochus nucleus Philippi 1850; the type locality ‘Port Jackson’ originally given for Monilea apicina Gould, 1861 is considered erroneous and is emended to Lansdowne Bank. New records for New Caledonian marine ecoregion: Ethalia lampra (Watson, 1880), Talopena apicina (Gould, 1861) and ‘Talopena’ tramieri (Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006).
Pengembangan Kurikulum Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Rumah Tahfidz Al-Hidayah Yogyakarta
Authors: Agni Dagi Mardhan Agae , Hermawan Hermawan
Published: December 2024

This research is titled “Arabic Learning Curriculum Development at Rumah Tahfidz Al-Hidayah Yogyakarta”, which aims to formulate, design, and evaluate the Arabic learning curriculum to the needs of Tahfidz students. The focus of this research is to develop a curriculum that supports the ability of students in Arabic, especially to strengthen memorization and understanding of the Quran. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with a development model consisting of several stages: needs analysis, product design, expert validation, and revision. The results showed that the current Arabic curriculum at Rumah Tahfidz Al-Hidayah Yogyakarta still has limitations in terms of the instability of the curriculum used and does not support students' understanding of what they memorize. The curriculum design developed is based on Language Learning for Specific Purposes, which emphasizes language skills that are contextual to the lives of students as Quran memorizers. This curriculum involves all four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing, and applies active learning methods to increase Santri's involvement in the learning process. Curriculum validation was carried out by experts in the field of Arabic curriculum and experts in the field of tahfidz, the results showed that this curriculum design was feasible and by the needs of the students of Rumah Tahfidz Al-Hidayah. Some input from the experts was implemented to improve this curriculum, especially in terms of material selection.
Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Buya Hamka di Era Digital
Authors: Silva Alfi Dario , Muqit Abd. , Hunaida Wiwin Luqna
Published: December 2024

The primary focus of this research is the imbalance between spiritual and material aspects in education, the impact of technology on Islamic education, and the challenges posed by anti-Islam ideologies in the digital era. The purpose of this study is to revitalize Buya Hamka's ideas on Islamic education, which can be applied to address contemporary issues. The research findings indicate that Buya Hamka's thoughts, particularly on independent thinking and the balance between intellectual, emotional, and spiritual aspects, remain relevant in shaping a morally upright younger generation capable of facing the challenges of the digital age. The study employs a library research method as its data source.
The Development and Evaluation of a Convolutional Neural Network for Cutaneous Melanoma Detection in Whole Slide Images
Authors: Clarke Emily L. , Magee Derek , Newton-Bishop Julia , Merchant William , Insall Robert , Maher Nigel G. , Scolyer Richard A. , Farnworth Grace , Ali Anisah , O’Shea Sally , Treanor Darren
Published: December 2024

Context.—

The current melanoma staging system does not account for 26% of the variance seen in melanoma-specific survival, therefore our ability to predict patient outcome is not fully elucidated. Morphology may be of greater significance than in other solid tumors, with Breslow thickness remaining the strongest prognostic indicator despite being subject to high levels of interobserver variation. The application of convolutional neural networks to whole slide images affords objective morphologic metrics, which may reveal new insights into patient prognosis.

Objective.—

To develop and evaluate a convolutional neural network for invasive cutaneous melanoma detection in whole slide images for the generation of objective prognostic biomarkers based on tumor morphology.

Design.—

One thousand sixty-eight whole slide images containing cutaneous melanoma from 5 data sets have been used in the initial development and evaluation of the convolutional neural network. A 2-class tumor segmentation network with a fully convolutional architecture was trained using sparse annotations. The network was evaluated at per-pixel and per-tumor levels as compared to manual annotation, as well as variation across 3 scanning platforms.

Results.—

The convolutional neural network located conventional cutaneous invasive melanoma tissue with an average per-pixel sensitivity and specificity of 97.59% and 99.86%, respectively, across the 5 test sets. There were high levels of concordance between the tumor dimensions generated by the model as compared to manual annotation, and between the tumor dimensions generated by the model across 3 scanning platforms.

Conclusions.—

We have developed a convolutional neural network that accurately detects invasive cutaneous conventional melanoma in whole slide images from multiple data sources. Future work should assess the use of this network to generate metrics for survival prediction.
Pathophysiology And Clinical Manifestation of Cytokine Storm
Authors:   Department of Health Physics and Radiation Therapy Technical Engineering, Technical Engineering Najaf College, Al-Furat Al- Awsat Technical University 31001, Iraq, Y. Khudhair Ali , Zwamel Ahmed Hussein ,   Department Medical laboratory Technology, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq, Munshid Maha Chasib ,   Department of Pathological Analytics Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shatrah University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq, Al-fahham Ali A. ,   Faculty of nursing, University of Kufa, Iraq
Published: December 2024

Cytokines are immune cell messengers. They are small proteins secreted by various cells, exerting very potent immunomodulatory and inflammatory effects. The diversity of their functions reveals their importance in healthy and pathological processes, including atherosclerosis, cancer, osteoarthritis, infectious diseases, and metabolic diseases. Currently, an important pathogenic factor for many severe diseases, especially infectious ones (such as COVID-19) is the cytokine storm. Only a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved, combined with innovative therapeutics, will allow us to improve patient outcomes and intervene effectively. More research is still needed to bridge the many current knowledge gaps, improve treatment, and enhance care for patients in times of infectious disease crises. It focuses on recently available evidence on the cytokine storm mechanisms, outcomes, and possible treatment options concerning COVID-19 patients.
Assemblage of aquatic hyphomycetes and their colonization of leaf litter in a tropical lateritic cave stream
Authors: Ramya Nekkarekadu , Sharahchandra Kodandoor , Sridhar Kandikere Ramaiah
Published: December 2024

Investigations on occurrence of aquatic hyphomycetes in lateritic cave streams in India are meager. This study examined the assemblage, diversity and leaf litter colonization of aquatic hyphomycetes in a cave stream in southwest India. Physicochemical features of water samples, the occurrence of conidia in water, foam, colonization of aquatic hyphomycetes in naturally submerged leaf litter and introduced sterile leaf discs (banyan and cashew) were assessed during the post-monsoon season. Naturally submerged leaves were found to possess the highest species richness compared to water, foam and introduced leaf discs. The Shannon diversity was also the highest in naturally submerged leaf litter than other samples. Among the five samples assessed, three aquatic hyphomycetes, Anguillospora longissima, Flagellospora curvula and Lunulospora curvula were common in the top five species. Helicomyces collegatus, Lunulospora cymbiformis, Phalangispora bharathensis, Synnematophora constricta, Tetracladium marchalianum and Trisulcosporium acerinum are new records for southwest India. This study provides valuable insights on the occurrence and capability of colonization of leaf litter by aquatic hyphomycetes in artificial cave streams.
ADOPTION OF INTEGRATED SOIL MANAGEMENT AND WATER CONSERVATION PRACTICES AMONG VEGETABLE FARMERS IN JOS METROPOLIS OF PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Adeniyi, O. T.  , Sani, R. M.  , Bose, A. A.
Published: December 2024

This study examined the adoption of Integrated Soil Management and Water Conservation Techniques (ISM and WCT) among the vegetable farmers  in Jos North and Jos South LGAs of Plateau  State, Nigeria . Multi stage sampling techniques were used to select 312 vegetable farmers. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics and adoption index (AI). Result showed that 64.2% of the respondents were male with mean age of 44years. Also, majority (68.6%) of them were married with average household size of 7 persons. Findings indicate that mulching (3.7), irrigation (3.7), organic farming (3.6) and crop rotation (3.6) were the highly adopted practices by the vegetable farmers with their mean scores  greater than 3.00. The result also indicate that vegetable farmers were low (50%) and medium adopter (50%) of ISM and WCT, respectively. The study concluded that  the vegetable farmers adopted mulching, organic farming, crop rotation cover cropping, irrigation and drainage as ISM and WCT in the study area. To increase level of adoption it is recommended that, agricultural practitioners should mobilize smallholder farmers and train them for successful implementation of ISM and WCT practices.
EFFECTS OF GRADED LEVELS OF FERMENTED SUNFLOWER SEED MEAL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY OF GROWING RABBITS
Authors: Yusuf, A. A.  , Nyako, N. D.  , Yahya, M.M.
Published: December 2024

An eight weeks feeding trial was conducted on the effects of graded level of fermented sunflower seed meal on the performance and nutrient digestibility of growing rabbits using forty-five Rabbits cross bred (New Zealand X Dutch) ranging from five to six weeks of age with average weight of 650.34 g. The rabbits were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments of nine rabbits each replicated 3 times with 3 rabbits per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design, each treatment diet contains 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% FSSM in diet 1(control), 2,3,4 and 5 respectively. The parameters measured include proximate composition of fermented sunflower seed meal, feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Others are nutrient digestibility such as dry mater (DM), Crude protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF), Ether Extract(EE), Ash and Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE). The results for Growth Performance Parameters indicated that There were significant (P<0.05) differences among the treatment groups in total body weight and daily feed intake which ranges between 553.95 to 614.70 g and 45.02 to 52.16g respectively. However, the results for nutrient digestibility showed significant (P<0.05) difference among treatment groups for crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, ash and nitrogen free extract. Conclusively, inclusion of 20% FSSM in Rabbits diet gave a better result on growth performance and nutrient digestibility without any adverse effect and can be adopted by Rabbit farmers for better performance.
Diagnostics, mitigation, and extinguishment of fires at non-sanitary landfills
Authors: Novak Emil , Stevanović Dimitrije , Mandić Milorad , Sarajlić Strahinja
Published: December 2024

Awareness of environmental conservation has become a critical imperative in today's society, making waste management and pollution control central concerns for every local government. Fires on landfills and open spaces cause severe air contamination, and depending on wind direction and fire size, they can significantly affect air quality even at distances of several tens of kilometers from the source. A particular issue arises from fires on unsanitary landfills, often located near residential areas, where large amounts of improperly disposed waste accumulate without protective and control systems. These fires frequently result from incomplete combustion of waste, due to a lack of compaction and inadequate daily cover, which allows for surface oxygenation and conditions for anaerobic methanogenesis in deeper layers. Methane, a flammable and explosive greenhouse gas, contributes to ozone layer damage 21 times more than carbon dioxide. Installing gas wells (biotubes) on unsanitary landfills is crucial for preventing fires, reducing the risk of methane pocket formation, and enabling landfill monitoring. This paper presents conclusions from the remediation and fire extinguishing project at the unsanitary landfill Mislov do in Nikšić, with a capacity of 450,000 m³, where measures are being implemented to achieve measurable and sustainable results aimed at improving the existing conditions and enhancing environmental protection.
Marginalia along with criminal liability of legal entities act
Authors: Ilić Goran
Published: December 2024

Although, almost two years passed by since Republic of Serbia has statutory regulated the matter of criminal liability of legal entities, in practice until now there haven't been cases in which these rules were applied. There are a lot of reasons for that, and one of them are certainly new normative solutions which criminal law optics, traditionally directed to individual subjectively liability of person as crime offender, displacing to legal entities and specific qualities which are the result of that. Because of that, in this work the retrospect is done on some new legal institutions, and before all those from the field of material criminal law. It is examined, in the first place, circle of crimes for which legal entity can be responsible, and after that legal entities which liability can be discussed in criminal proceeding. Attention is then directed to interpretation of meanings of two basic crime subjects - responsible person and legal entity. Although these mentioned subjects usually appears as "original" and "derived" crime offender, there are situations in which only one of them could be brought out in the face of justice. At the end of work specific qualities in connection with criminal sanctions which can be declared to legal entity are analyzed, by which special attention is dedicated to "capital punishment" that is liquidation of legal entity.
Clairaut slant submersion from almost Hermitian manifolds
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Prasad Rajendra , Kumar Singh
Published: December 2024

Our main aim is to introduce Clairaut slant submersions in complex geometry. We give the notion of Clairaut slant submersions from almost Hermitian manifolds onto Riemannian manifold in this article. We obtain some basic results on discussed submersions. Furthermore, we provide some examples to explore the geometry of Clairaut slant submersions.
Explorando el uso de YouTube entre diferentes colectivos docentes: un análisis de perfiles digitales
Authors: Guillén-Gámez Francisco David , Quintero-Rodríguez Iván , Colomo-Magaña Ernesto
Published: December 2024

Este estudio evalúa las competencias digitales de docentes en formación y docentes en servicio de Educación Infantil, Educación Primaria y Educación Superior, en relación con el uso de YouTube. Dada la escasa investigación científica previa sobre este tema, se plantean tres objetivos. En primer lugar, conocer el nivel de competencia digital en el uso de YouTube. En segundo lugar, analizar posibles disparidades en el uso de YouTube entre los educadores de cada etapa educativa. Por último, identificar predictores significativos que influyan en el uso de YouTube. Para medir estas competencias fue utilizado el instrumento de Guillen-Gámez et al. (2023) a través de un enfoque ex post facto y un muestreo no probabilístico con una muestra de 1706 docentes. Tanto ambas etapas educativas como tipos de docentes manifestaron autopercepciones medias y altas en búsqueda y selección de información, pero bajas en creación de material educativo. Respecto al segundo objetivo, existen diferencias significativas entre los diferentes grupos de docentes de ambas etapas, lo que sugiere la necesidad de abordar de manera diferenciada la formación profesional en el uso efectivo de YouTube. Además, fue identificado que el sexo, la creación y suscripción a canales educativos, así como la habilidad de incluir imágenes o preguntas en la edición de los videos son predictores significativos en el desarrollo de estas habilidades en función del grupo docente. Estos hallazgos implican la necesidad de reconocer las diferencias individuales en las habilidades de los educadores y adaptar a sus necesidades los programas de formación.
Competencia digital y creación de contenido en la universidad: influencia de la titularidad y la región
Authors: Ferrando-Rodríguez María de Lourdes , Marín-Suelves Diana , Gabarda Méndez Vicente , Ramón-Llin Más Jesús
Published: December 2024

La literatura científica de los últimos años ha puesto de manifiesto que el área de creación de contenidos es una de las más críticas en el conjunto de habilidades tecnológicas del profesorado, habiendo igualmente variables de índole personal y profesional que influyen en la creación de contenido digital educativo. El presente estudio busca investigar sobre si el nivel de competencia digital autopercibido del profesorado universitario que ejerce su docencia en universidades públicas es distinto al que ejerce en universidades privadas. Asimismo, se pretende, explorar si aspectos como la categoría académica o la localización de la universidad influyen en la competencia digital de los docentes. La muestra de la investigación está compuesta por 770 docentes de diferentes universidades públicas y privadas de las distintas comunidades que componen el estado español, y que han respondido a una selección de ítems del cuestionario DigCompEdu Check-In vinculados con la utilización, selección y creación de contenidos digitales. Los resultados muestran que el profesorado de universidades privadas tuvo significativamente mayores registros de competencia digital que el profesorado que ejerce en universidades públicas, no evidenciándose una influencia significativa sobre la competencia digital docente entre el profesorado Titular y Catedrático de Universidad y registrándose una mayor CCD en el profesorado de las universidades de la comunidad de La Rioja, frente a las de Madrid, Cataluña, Castilla León, Castilla la Mancha, País Vasco y Andalucía. Estos hallazgos permiten identificar necesidades en la formación inicial y permanente, sirviendo como detección de necesidades para el diseño de estrategias específicas.
Determinantes de la aceptación de la gamificación en la educación superior: un modelo empírico
Authors: Queiro-Ameijeiras Carmen-María , Seguí-Mas Elies , Martí-Parreño José
Published: December 2024

En los últimos años, la literatura académica sugiere la necesidad de innovar en los enfoques pedagógicos, especialmente en la enseñanza superior, con el objetivo de mejorar los resultados de aprendizaje de las generaciones más jóvenes. En este sentido, la gamificación, que combina motivación intrínseca y extrínseca, surge como una herramienta con el potencial de satisfacer las expectativas de los estudiantes más jóvenes. Este estudio se centra en analizar los factores que influyen en la aceptación de la gamificación por parte de los estudiantes universitarios, empleando la teoría de la autodeterminación y el modelo de aceptación de la tecnológica. La combinación de ambas teorías ha permitido proponer y testar un modelo explicativo utilizando ecuaciones estructurales para analizar las relaciones de causalidad entre los constructos, proporcionando una comprensión más robusta y detallada de los factores que influyen en la aceptación de la gamificación en el contexto de aplicación. Los resultados del estudio sugieren que el aprendizaje colaborativo mejora la facilidad de uso percibida, la utilidad percibida, la actitud y la intención de uso de los estudiantes. Además, la competencia percibida aumenta la utilidad percibida y la autonomía mejora la facilidad de uso. Estos hallazgos proporcionan una perspectiva valiosa al objetivo de estudio debido a la metodología empleada y subrayan la importancia de entender los factores que afectan la aceptación de la gamificación. Comprender estos factores permitirá a los educadores y desarrolladores de juegos diseñar estrategias más efectivas, no solo en contabilidad, sino también en otras disciplinas de la educación superior.
Uso de pantallas, interacciones familiares y problemas exteriorizados en una muestra de niños colombianos
Authors: Restrepo Castro Juan C. , Forero Johanna , Obando Diana , Mejía Lozano M. Andrea
Published: December 2024

El uso excesivo de pantallas favorece la aparición y mantenimiento de problemas exteriorizados en la infancia. Este estudio busca identificar la contribución del uso frecuente de pantallas y la parentalidad positiva y negativa en problemas exteriorizados en 84 niños colombianos de 7 a 9 años. Los padres completaron la Lista de Chequeo de Comportamiento Infantil para identificar síntomas exteriorizados e interiorizados, el Cuestionario de Uso Problemático de Tecnologías para identificar la frecuencia y problemas asociados al uso de pantallas y el Cuestionario de Parentalidad de Alabama para la parentalidad positiva y negativa. Los modelos de regresión múltiple mostraron una relación entre el uso frecuente de pantallas y la disciplina inconsistente pero únicamente para los problemas exteriorizados. El sexo masculino y el estrato socioeconómico medio-alto también se relacionaron con problemas de conducta. Los resultados enfatizan la relevancia de que los padres utilicen la disciplina consistente y regulen el uso de pantallas para así prevenir tempranamente los problemas exteriorizados.
Evaluación de dos modelos explicativos de la ideación suicida en una muestra de estudiantes de medicina colombianos
Authors: González-Hernández Tatiana , Maldonado-Avendaño Natalia , Castro-Osorio Rubby
Published: December 2024

La ideación suicida tiene alta prevalencia en Colombia (39.2%), siendo un problema de salud pública que parece ser mayor en estudiantes de medicina. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar dos modelos explicativos de la ideación suicida incluyendo las variables depresión, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, pertenencia frustrada, carga percibida, y burnout académico, evaluando en este último su rol tanto mediador como moderador. Se trabajó con un diseño explicativo con variables latentes con 620 participantes entre los 18 y 46 años (M = 20.72, 56% hombres). Los resultados indicaron el papel mediador de depresión, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y burnout académico entre pertenencia frustrada y carga percibida con ideación suicida explicando un 45% de la varianza (CFI = .98; TLI = .95; SRMR = .062; , p < .001; RMSEA = .103 [.071-.139]). Se discute que, para explicar mayor varianza de la ideación suicida, es necesario incluir terceras variables en roles de mediación o moderación y no sólo factores de riesgo lineales.
¿Es la conducta un síntoma emocional? Papel mediador de la desregulación emocional en las conductas desafiantes de adultos con autismo y discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Álvarez-Couto María , García-Villamisar Domingo , Del Pozo Araceli
Published: December 2024

Las conductas desafiantes son muy frecuentes en personas con autismo (TEA) y discapacidad intelectual (DI). La desregulación emocional (DRE) está asociada a la presencia de estos comportamientos. Este estudio busca evaluar la implicación de la DRE en la frecuencia y gravedad de autolesiones y agresiones en esta población. Un total de 83 adultos con TEA y DI participaron en el estudio. Para comprobar el efecto de la DRE en la presencia de estas conductas, se realizaron análisis de correlación y mediación. Se encontró una asociación positiva entre las conductas desafiantes y la DRE. La reactividad y la disforia emocional fueron mediadores significativos de la frecuencia y gravedad de las autolesiones y de la gravedad de las agresiones. Sería interesante que los profesionales que trabajan con esta población recibiesen formación sobre DRE para considerar estas variables en el diseño de intervenciones centradas en las conductas desafiantes.
Threat to the self at the heart of depression: Mediating role and depressogenic prism hypothesis
Authors: Stinus Celine , Berjot Sophie
Published: December 2024

Several psychological models tacitly highlight the role of self-threat (ST) as an entry point to depression. The first study (n = 311; 270 females, M age = 34.4) aims to demonstrate that ST is a core mechanism linking dysfunctional attitudes (DA) to depression. The second study (n = 263; 183 females, M age = 20.4) tests the “depressogenic prism” hypothesis, proposing that individuals with high DA appraise reality as invariably threatening for the self, regardless of tangible circumstances. In Study 1, ST was strongly and positively associated with both DA and depressive symptoms and served as a full mediator between DA and depressive symptoms. In Study 2, high-DA individuals exposed to a negative scenario reported significantly greater feelings of threat than their low-DA counterparts. Notably, high-DA individuals in a positive scenario felt as threatened as low-DA individuals in a negative one, underscoring the pervasive impact of DA on threat perception.
Improvement Friction Welded 6063 – T6 Aluminum Alloy Joint Properties
Authors: AL BHADLE Basim M. A. , HASSONI Safaa M. , HASSAN Kharia Salman
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the effect of shot peening on the mechanical characteristics and microstructure of an aluminum alloy 6063 friction welded joints. 6063 bars with 12mm diameters and 70mm lengths were prepared; some of them were shot peened by steel balls (diameters 1.25 mm) for 15 minutes before the friction welding was carried out on a traditional lathe machine at 1200 rpm. X-ray radiography was used to identify the various internal defects like porosity, concavities, and cracks. The quality of each welded joint was evaluated by hardness test, microstructure analysis, X-ray diffraction, tensile test, and bending test. It was discovered that the fine grain structure of the aluminum alloy weld connection matrix results in a strong and reliable shot peening, contributing to improving the tensile and bending strength of weld joints with a percentage of 63.6% and 12.5 %, respectively.