bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educational interventions to improve medical students’ knowledge of acute pain management: a randomized study
Authors: Poulsenª Mette , Friesgaard Kristian Dahl , Seidenfaden Sophie , Paltved Charlotte , Nikolajsen Lone
Published: April 2019

It has been consistently documented that the treatment of acute pain is inadequate. Education of medical students is an obvious strategy to improve this. We therefore conducted a study in which 217 medical students were randomized into one of three groups: a control group (no intervention) and two intervention groups (education with e-learning alone or e-learning combined with simulation-based training). We hypothesized that the combined intervention would be superior to no intervention and e-learning alone. All students completed the same multiple choice questionnaire twice with an interval of approximately 1 week. During this 1-week interval, students in the two intervention groups completed either an 45-min interactive case-based e-learning program, or the e-learning program and a simulation-based training. We showed that the theoretical knowledge about treatment of acute pain increased in both intervention groups but students who received the combined intervention felt more confident in the future handling of patients.
Cognitive diagnosis of cultural and rural tourism convergence
Authors: Liu Yanjuan
Published: April 2019

Neural networks are widely used in the field of cognitive diagnosis. Cognitive diagnosis can diagnose the subjects’ knowledge of cognitive attributes according to their responses, so as to obtain the specific cognitive status of the subjects and provide remedial measures. The studies on the convergence of cultural industry and tourism industry are emerging, but the theoretical system needs to be improved. The research on the convergence mechanism between cultural industry and tourism industry can complement each other on the basis of independent theoretical system, which establishes relationship between the two theoretical systems. Based on the adaptive neural network algorithm and from the perspective of blockchain, this study takes cultural industry and rural tourism industry as examples to diagnose the industry convergence of rural cultural industry and rural tourism industry development, which will further consolidate the theoretical basis for the convergence and development of tourism industry and cultural industry, as well as contribute to promoting development of industry convergence.
Cognition of nurses in neurology department on rehabilitation nursing
Authors: Liu Qie , Xu Xin
Published: April 2019

Stroke has become a major disease seriously threating human health due to its high morbidity, mortality and disability. Rehabilitation nursing care for stroke patients has always been a key part of clinical care. The neurological nursing managers should pay high attention to the issue about how to more effectively improve the level of nurses’ rehabilitation nursing on stroke patients. Therefore, this paper investigates the current cognition of neurological nurses about stroke knowledge, attitude and behaviour, and then analyses the factors affecting the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of stroke in the nurses, in order to provide better nursing services for stroke patients, and improve their nursing quality. The findings show that the different cognitions of nurses about their role have different effects on the knowledge, attitudes and behavioural levels of the neurological nurses; the nurses with more types of roles have better knowledge and behavioural levels of stroke.
Influence of cognitive neuroscience on contemporary philosophy of science
Authors: Ren Fang
Published: April 2019

The study of contemporary philosophy of science based on cognitive neuroscience has strongly promoted the philosophy study of brain cognitive problems. It has pointed out the research direction for human to explore the relationship between the traditional mind and brain while systematically reflecting and investigating the theoretical basis and research method of cognitive neuroscience. Therefore, this study explores the influence and the significance of cognitive neuroscience on contemporary philosophy of science.
UTILIZATION OF FLAVOR NETWORK ANALYSIS FOR A NEW RECIPE IN MARMARA REGION
Authors: OZTURK Bengu , ZEYREKCE Burcak
Published: April 2019

Natural flavor compounds give
natural taste and odor characteristics to the food ingredients. According to
food pairing theory, ingredients that contain higher number of shared flavor
compounds go well together in a dish. In this study, flavor network analysis
was used to create a new food in Marmara Region by evaluating the ingredient
pairs based on number of shared compounds. A new dessert with four main
ingredients, rice, milk, bean and figs that shared higher number of flavor
compounds was formulated. Among the flavour compounds, eight of them were
common in all four ingredients and they interestingly had similar taste and
odor characteristics which showed how flavor pairing worked well in design of
new dish. According to 9-point hedonic scale of consumer preference test, 80%
of 20 panelists extremely liked the dish. Knowledge on flavour science and food
pairing theory will pave the way to create highly preferable food formulations.
ÇİMLENDİRİLMİŞ BAZI TAHIL VE BAKLAGİLLERİN FİZİKSEL VE KİMYASAL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: KILINÇER Fatma Nur , DEMİR Mustafa Kürşat
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada buğday, arpa, yulaf, kinoa, amarant, yeşil
mercimek, nohut ve maş fasulyesi taneleri hedef alınmış olup, bu tanelerin
farklı sürelerde (1, 3 ve 5 gün) çimlendirilmesi ve çimlendirme sonucunda
değişimleri incelenmiştir. Çimlendirme süresi arttıkça, tanelerin L*, a* ve
b* değerlerinin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çimlendirme ile tanelerin; kül,
ham protein ve yağ miktarları artmıştır. Ham tanelere kıyasla çimlendirilmiş
örneklerin, daha yüksek fenolik madde içerdiği ve çimlendirme süresinin
artmasına bağlı olarak fitik asit miktarının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Ayrıca; baklagillerin ham protein oranının yaygın tahıllara kıyasla daha
yüksek, bu tahılların da ham yağ oranının baklagillere kıyasla daha düşük
olduğu ve en yüksek toplam fenolik madde içeriğine pseudo-tahılların sahip
olduğu bunu da baklagillerin takip ettiği gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak tahıl,
pseudo-tahıl ve baklagil tanelerinin çimlendirilmesi ile mevcut kimyasal
özelliklerinin geliştirilebileceği ve fonksiyonelliğinin arttırılabileceği,
başta tahıl ve tahıl ürünlerinde olmak üzere birçok gıda üretiminde
kullanılabileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.
PROBİYOTİK FIRIN ÜRÜNLERİ ÜRETİM YÖNTEMLERİ
Authors: EREM Fundagül
Published: April 2019

Fonksiyonel ürünler dünya çapında tüketicilerin ilgisini
çekmektedir. En bilinen fonksiyonel ürünlerden olan probiyotik gıdalar temelde
süt bazlı ürünler olsa da süt bazlı olmayan probiyotik gıdalar da yavaş yavaş
fonksiyonel ürünler pazarında değerli bir katkı olarak yer almaktadır.
Probiyotik ürün üretirken en önemli konu, ürünün üretiminden tüketimine kadar
geçen süre içinde canlı probiyotik sayısının üründe en az 106 kob/g
veya kob/ml düzeyinde kalmasını sağlamaktır. Birçok kişi tarafından sevilerek
tüketilen fırın ürünlerinin üretiminde uygulanan pişirme işlemi, probiyotik
mikroorganizmaların hasar görmesine ve canlı probiyotik sayısının üründen
beklenen yararlı etkileri sağlayamayacak düzeylere kadar düşmesine neden
olmaktadır. Canlı probiyotik sayısını en üst seviyede tutmak için uygulandığı
bilinen yöntemler probiyotiklerin mikroenkapsülasyonu, probiyotiklerin
yenilebilir film ve kaplamalara ilave edilmesi ve sporlu probiyotik
mikroorganizmaların kullanılmasıdır. Bu derlemede probiyotik fırın ürünü üretmek
üzere uygulanan yöntemler, bilimsel literatürde konu ile ilgili yapılmış olan
çalışmalarla birlikte sunulmuştur.
EGF and IGF1 affect sunitinib activity in BP-NEN: new putative targets beyond VEGFR?
Authors: Bresciani Giulia , Ditsiou Angeliki , Cilibrasi Chiara , Vella Viviana , Rea Federico , Schiavon Marco , Cavallesco Narciso Giorgio , Giamas Georgios , Zatelli Maria Chiara , Gagliano Teresa
Published: April 2019

Broncho-pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (BP-NENs) are neoplasms orphan of an efficient therapy. Available medical treatments derived from clinical trials are not specific for the management of this malignancy. Sunitinib is a multi-receptor tyrosine-kinases (RTKs) inhibitor that has already shown its efficacy in NENs, but there are no available data about its action in BP-NENs. Therefore, our aim was to understand the effects of RTKs inhibition promoted by sunitinib in order to evaluate new putative targets useful in malignancy treatment. Since our results underlined a role for EGFR and IGF1R in modulating sunitinib antiproliferative action, we investigated the effects of erlotinib, an EGFR inhibitor, and linsitinib, an IGF1R inhibitor, in order to understand their function in regulating cells behaviour. Cell viability and caspase activation were evaluated on two immortalised human BP-NEN cell lines and primary cultures. Our results showed that after treatment with sunitinib and/or IGF1, EGF and VEGF, the antiproliferative effect of sunitinib was counteracted by EGF and IGF1 but not by VEGF. Therefore, we evaluated with AlphaScreen technology the phosphorylated EGFR and IGF1R levels in primary cultures treated with sunitinib and/or EGF and IGF1. Results showed a decrease of p-IGF1R after treatment with sunitinib and an increase after co-treatment with IGF1. Then, we assessed cell viability and caspase activation on BP-NEN cell lines after treatment with linsitinib and/or erlotinib. Results demonstrate that these two agents have a stronger antiproliferative effect compared to sunitinib. In conclusion, our results suggest that IGF1R and EGF1R could represent putative molecular targets in BP-NENs treatment.
Regimybė ir realybė. Spaudai parengė Dalius Jonkus
Authors: Sezemanas Vosylius
Published: April 2019

[tekstas lietuvių kalba]
Atskyrimo (khōrismos) doktrinos kritika Aristotelio Metafizikoje
Authors: Petuška Virgilijus
Published: April 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba] Straipsnyje nagrinėjama atskyrimo (khōrismos) sąvoka (tezė, kad eidai ir skaičiai egzistuoja atskirai (khōris) nuo jusliškai suvokiamų esybių) bei jos kritika Aristotelio Metafizikoje. Straipsnyje siekiama įrodyti, kad nors Aristotelis Metafizikoje eidų ir skaičių atskyrimo doktrinas kritikavo skyrium viena nuo kitos (kaip dvi Platono metafizinio mokymo dalis), vis dėlto jas laikė neatskiriamai susijusiomis – iš skaičių atskyrimo, pasak Aristotelio, kildintinas ir eidų atskyrimas jusliškai suvokiamų objektų atžvilgiu. Ši straipsnio pagrindinė tezė grindžiama bendra Metafizikos knygų M ir N problemine struktūra, Aristotelio pateikiamais liudijimais apie eidų teorijos atsiradimą bei šių liudijimų interpretacija remiantis senovės graikų mąstymui būdingu skaičiaus fenomeno suvokimu.
Socialinio atvirumo kilmė ir prasmė Bergsono ir Popperio mąstyme
Authors: Aleksandravičius Povilas
Published: April 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Straipsnyje analizuojama socialinio atvirumo kilmė ir prasmė H. Bergsono ir K. R. Popperio mąstyme, siekiant atskleisti pamatinę atviros visuomenės sąvokos reikšmę jos kūrėjų darbuose. Pirmoji straipsnio dalis yra skirta H. Bergsono uždaros visuomenės formavimosi tyrimui, atspirties tašku pasirinkus žmogaus reakcijos į mirtį analizę. Antroji dalis atskleidžia H. Bergsono teigiamą socialinio atvirumo procesą, kurio antropologinis pamatas – instinkto konversija į intuiciją arba proto realizuojamas kontaktas su gyvybinio polėkio principu. Trečiojoje dalyje yra tiriamas K. R. Popperio uždaros ir atviros visuomenės konceptas H. Bergsono filosofijos kontekste.
The Absolute and Relative Pessimistic Inductions
Authors: Park Seungbae
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] The absolute pessimistic induction states that earlier theories, although successful, were abandoned, so current theories, although successful, will also be abandoned. By contrast, the relative pessimistic induction states that earlier theories, although superior to their predecessors, were discarded, so current theories, although superior to earlier theories, will also be discarded. Some pessimists would have us believe that the relative pessimistic induction avoids empirical progressivism. I argue, however, that it has the same problem as the absolute pessimistic induction, viz., either its premise is implausible or its conclusion does not probably follow from its premise.
The Philosophical Mea Culpa of the Icons of the Death of the Author
Authors: Krasniqi Nysret
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] We will hereinafter discuss the author’s philosophy on gnoseological and historical premises. More precisely, by exploring the genealogy of the idea of the “Death of the Author” from modernism to postmodernism, we will analyse the concepts and ideologies that have become the stratagem of the denial of western literary canon, as well as the denial of equilibrium between philosophical and literary identity and universality. By treating the works of philosophers, authors, and fundamental semiologists who perpetuated the idea of the Death of the Author, we will observe how the latter gradually fled from the philosophy of doubt and as mea culpa admitted that without the author’s authority the philosophical and literary legacy is no longer the theatre of memory, but the abyss of oblivion. Moreover, with fundamental examples, we will observe the influence of this philosophy in the process of studying of the literature.
Future, or On the Redemption of Nature after Schelling and Nietzsche
Authors: Corriero Emilio Carlo
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]

It is starting from the role recognized and attributed to nature by Schelling and Nietzsche that one understands the renewed relationship between being and time at the basis of the possibility for the new beginning of Western philosophy, prophesized by Heidegger in 1936. For both, the possibility of the very future passes by the necessary redemption of the past (that is an extreme liberation from its conceptual hypostatization) through a form of love for the All, which is possible to recognize only with a philosophy of nature that is able to show the “unprethinkable” ground of being and its eternal dynamics as potential potentiae. Only on the basis of this potentia potentiae of the “unprethinkable” past, the “coming event” of the future becomes possible, as well as that renewed relation between time and being, which permits a new beginning for Western philosophy.
A hirtelen halláscsökkenés javulásában szerepet játszó prognosztikai faktorok vizsgálata
Authors: Kovács Márton , Uzsaly János , Bodzai Gréta , Harmat Kinga , Németh Adrienne , Gerlinger Imre , Bakó Péter
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is defined as a greater than 30 dB deterioration in at least 3 consecutive frequencies occurring within 72 hours. The disease is mostly idiopathic and needs an urgent treatment. Between 01. 01. 2015 and 31. 12. 2016, 149 patients with sudden hearing loss were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pécs. The epidemiological data, the prognostic factors and the outcome of the treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Isolated high frequency (p = 0.012) and less severe hearing loss (p<0.001), older age (p = 0.005), comorbodities like cardiovascular disease (p = 0.009) and diabetes (p = 0.029) were found as negative prognostic factors. Time of introduction of the treatment, gender, and side of the affected ear did not influence the outcome. Our finding was mainly congruent to the literature. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(18): 687–693.
Model Tabligh Salmanitb.com dalam Menyajikan Berita Islami
Authors: Hilman M. Ambang Fajar , Sumijati Sitty , Bahrudin Bahrudin
Published: April 2019

This study describes the application model tabligh SalmanITB.com in presenting Islamic news. This research is a qualitative-descriptive research using case study method. The theory used is journalistic theory or news presentation consisting of coverage, writing, and dissemination of news with materials. After the research, it was found that the application of Tabligh SalmanITB.com in presenting Islamic news refers to three main processes (coverage, writing, and dissemination of news) as the theory of news presentation, evidenced by sampling news on the materials needed. Based on this finding, it can be concluded that SalmanITB.com's tabligh model in presenting Islamic news has been in accordance with the rules of the news presentation process.

Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan model penerapan tabligh SalmanITB.com dalam menyajikan berita-berita Islami. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif menggunakan metode studi kasus. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori jurnalistik atau penyajian berita yang terdiri dari peliputan, penulisan, dan penyebarluasan berita. Penerapan tabligh SalmanITB.com dalam menyajikan berita-berita islami mengacu pada tiga proses utama (peliputan, penulisan, dan penyebarluasan berita) sebagaimana teori penyajian berita, dibuktikan dengan pengambilan sampel berita pada materi-materi yang dibutuhkan. Berdasarkan penemuan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa model tabligh SalmanITB.com dalam menyajikan berita islami telah sesuai dengan aturan proses penyajian berita.
Pola Tabligh Organisasi Jamiyah Nurul Iman Bandung
Authors: Permana Yoga Hadi , Abidin Zainal
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this paper is to know the tabligh pattern applied by the Islamic Nurul Iman Bandung with elements contained in it’s religious activities. This research uses descriptive analysis method with qualitative approach. The data collected by observation and interview with related parties, such as chairman, secretary, preacher, and member in jamiyah organization Nurul Iman Bandung, and supported by literature review. The results showed that the pattern of tabligh in the organization Jamiyah Nurul Iman Bandung can be seen from the activities, material patterns, patterns of methods and communication patterns that occur in the activities tabligh Jamiyah Nurul Iman Bandung. Researchers found that communication in the activities of tabligh more invites and influences jama'ah to realize the messages of Islam submitted preachers through the actions of preachers and supported by activities tabligh within the organization Jamiyah Nurul Iman.

Tujuan tulisan ini untuk mengetahui pola tabligh yang diterapkan oleh organisasi jamiyah Nurul Iman Kota Bandung melalui unsur-unsur yang terkandung dalam kegiatan-kegiatan keagamaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan pihak terkait, seperti ketua, sekretaris, mubaligh, serta anggota dalam organisasi jamiyah Nurul Iman Kota Bandung, dan ditunjang oleh tinjauan pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola tabligh dalam organisasi Jamiyah Nurul Iman Bandung dapat dilihat dari kegiatan, pola materi, pola metode serta pola komunikasi yang terjadi dalam aktivitas tabligh organisasi jamiyah Nurul Iman Kota Bandung. Peneliti menemukan bahwa, komunikasi dalam kegiatan tabligh lebih banyak mengajak serta mempengaruhi jama’ah untuk merealisasikan pesan-pesan keislaman yang disampaikan mubaligh melalui tindakan-tindakan yang dilakukan mubaligh serta didukung oleh kegiatan-kegiatan tabligh dalam organisasi Jamiyah Nurul Iman.
Service at the Fortress of Tsaritsyn and Tsaritsyn Service People in the Account Books of the Treasury Court. 1615/16–1621/22
Authors: Malov Alexandr
Published: April 2019

Introduction. The article is devoted to the first mention of people and events related to the fortress of Tsaritsyn restored in 1615 in the account books of the treasury court, starting with the first mention and up to 1622. Methods and materials. In total, the account books of the treasury court kept records of 36 cases of granting fabrics for the outlined period. These records on services at the fortress contain the names of 72 servicemen including: voivode, 8 boyar’s children, 2 colonels, 5 sotniks and 25 Tsaritsyn streltsy, 8 Tsaritsyn pathfinders. According to published materials of the Order-in-charge Prikaz, the paper analyzes the dynamics of Tsaritsyn garrison restoration correlating with the data of account records. Analysis. The analysis of systemized records from September 1619 shows that the Tsaritsyn garrison was fully restored after the restoration of the fortress and was able to defend not only the fortress, but also the entire territory controlled by it. The garrison carried out all the basic functions to combat the Cossack robberies on the Volga and cleared areas of steppe roads situated on the West and East of Tsaritsyn from the Azov, Nagai and Cossack robbers. Results. As a result, the study introduces a valuable set of written sources into scientific use, which made it possible to clarify a whole range of issues and problems of the early history of Tsaritsyn.
Traditions and Prospects of Studying Mass Public Movements in the Russia of the 17th – 18th Centuries
Authors: Mininkov Nikolaj
Published: April 2019

“The Peasant War in Russia in 17th – 18th Centuries” monograph, which was published in 1966, and “The Peasant War in Russia in 17th – 18th Centuries: Problems, Searches, Solutions” collection of articles , published in 1974, summed up the Soviet historiography study on the great issues of mass popular movements. Common outcomes include regarding them as peasant wars or the phenomena, which express the essence of public relations of antifeudal character in the era of serfdom. These works particularly noted their progressive significance. For the modern researcher the monographs give a general idea of the state of studying peasant wars in Soviet historical science and contain a clear indication to the controversial issues of the history of these movements. They make it possible to understand that modern studies of the problem are based on the cultural-anthropological approach, and put a person who participated in these events, his psychology and culture at the center of attention. Modern research on mass popular movements in Russia in the 17th and 18th centuries does not address the concept of peasant wars. They raised new problems, the solution of which allows to understand participants in these movements, the peculiarities of their consciousness and the role of unconscious beginnings in their actions. The works give a new, sociocultural sense to the traditional concept of the Russian revolt. But at the same time we should keep in mind that the achievements of our time, which are undoubted, are the result of rethinking what has been achieved by the Soviet historical science of peasant wars. We should also emphasize that the provisions and conclusions were made on the basis of colossal factual material. At the same time, we shouldn’t completely abandon the provision on the peasant war.
New opportunities for the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives
Authors: Koptyaeva Olga S. , Azev Yuriy A. , Shafran Yuriy M. , Pospelova Tatyana A. , Chupakhin Oleg N.
Published: April 2019

Convenient methods for the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives with the use of nucleophilic aromatic substitution of hydrogen in heteroaromatic part of molecule in conditions of the acid catalysis were elaborated. The reactions of substitution of fluorine with amines in aromatic ring of 6,7-difluoroquinoxaline with the formation of monofluoro derivatives were studied.
Housing and communal services as a resource of state administration
Authors: Astratova Galina , Zlokazova Anastasiya
Published: April 2019

The article considers the issue of housing and communal services not only as an economic category, but also as a resource of state administration. It is shown that the market of housing services is a component to ensure the quality of life. The definition of the concept of «resource» is given not only from the point of view of «classical» economic theory, but also a retrospective analysis of the formation and interpretation of this category. The classification of the relation to the resources of several economic schools is made. Based on the relationship to the resources of various economic schools, the author presents the interpretation of the concept of «resource» as a tool and means of the process of implementing a business idea, including the provision and organization of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods/services that meet social, production and individual needs. The specificity of housing and communal services as:

resource-intensive industry, which includes about twenty activities that require a variety of resources;
as an industry that carries an economic and social burden, as the housing and communal services is a benefit that has the dual nature of both public, state-funded and private benefits provided by economic entities of the housing market.
The analysis of the resource component of the housing and communal services sector allowed to identify the areas of activity and the main functional of the social and economic processes of the industry. It is determined that the specificity of housing and communal services is due not only to resource intensity, but also socially significant sphere of the final product. In addition, the existence of contractual relations in the industry raises the issue of coordination of the interests of economic entities, the population and the state. Described by «the resource concept» management allowed us to determine the specific resources of the state control (resource right, resource, political regime, resource organizations and resource competences). The authors present the results of expert assessment of problems in the housing and communal sector. When considering the utility sector as a special resource in the system of public administration, the main problem is the creation of a resource of competencies. It is revealed that the primary importance in the creation of this resource is the lack of competent approach in the training of specialists corresponding to the overall structure of professionalism. The need to develop professional standards should be part of a systematic approach to solving existing issues of development of the industry, where the state should not only provide regulatory and methodological support, but also act as an official customer of specialists for the industry.
Analysis of storm water systems and sanitary sewers: technical, organizational and economic aspects
Authors: Vorobiyova Viktoriia , Astratova Galina
Published: April 2019

The analysis of systems of storm and household Sewerage on the basis of research of some technical, organizational and economic aspects of activity of systems is carried out. It is shown that at the moment the problem of wastewater treatment is extremely relevant. It is established that many companies discharge a large amount of waste water, which is not actually treated in local reservoirs.
It is revealed that in the studied area in the Russian Federation as a whole and in the Sverdlovsk region, in particular, there is a failure to comply with the standards of treatment facilities. The key reasons for this situation are the following main factors:

physical deterioration of the equipment, unsatisfactory technical condition of treatment facilities;
mismatch of the composition of incoming wastewater and treatment systems;
lack of wastewater treatment facilities;
under-load on hydraulics and uneven flow of wastewater;
violation of technical and technological modes of operation of treatment facilities;
untimely carrying out of repair and restoration works, replacement of the failed equipment, units and parts;
lack of sufficient financing of the industry, financing on the «residual principle»;
lack of highly qualified personnel for the implementation of competent operation of treatment facilities;
etc.
The authors believe that in order to improve the quality of wastewater discharged, reduce their impact on water bodies, reduce the volume of wastewater emissions, the following priority measures are needed:

construction of new, reconstruction and expansion of existing treatment facilities;
construction of local treatment facilities, post-treatment units;
commissioning of recycling and re-water supply systems;
identification of additional sources of financing for the treatment facilities system, including through concession agreements,
the creation of private-public partnerships;
formation of «the state order» and allocation of target budgetary places in colleges and higher education institutions on training in the specialties connected with housing and communal services, water consumption and water disposal.
Identification of duration construction of combined foundation
Authors: Pronozin Iakov , Volosiuk Denis
Published: April 2019

The method for determining the duration of a combined foundation device, which is constructed in several stages, is considered in the article. The main stages include the construction of structures and the regulation of the stress-strain state of the soil base, which is carried out by pressing it. Pressurization is carried out during the construction of the building. On an example of construction of the linear schedule the mutual coordination of works of each stage during building of a building is resulted. The possibility of varying the time parameters of the network model is presented depending on the parameters of the crimping process. Between the late and early beginnings of work there is a common time reserve, which is part of the technological break.

The authors present empirical data on the actual duration of concreting of grillage of combined foundations. The study of time parameters of technological processes was based on such methods of observation as timekeeping, photo-timing and video and photo-fixation. The measurements were carried out during the construction of the residential complex «Neighbors» in Tyumen. The scope of research included the study of labor costs of the team, consisting of seven concrete workers. The investigated technological process of concreting consistently included the reception and direction of the concrete mix, laying, leveling and compacting the mixture, smoothing and smoothing the grillage surface.

Based on the data obtained, the dependencies of the average duration of concrete work on the volume of the concrete mix laid in the cells (shells) are revealed. The comparison of work durations on both foundations is made. Actual work is determined and work time standards are established, allowing to organize concrete works with sufficient precision when drawing up calendar plans within the framework of working out of projects for the production of works.

This article is made in the framework of the dissertation research by co-author Volosiuk D.V.
Evolutionary essence of innovations
Authors: Eremin Vladimir
Published: April 2019

The presented research belongs to the sphere of evolutionary economics. It indicates that it is innovation that is the trigger for the evolution of both the economy as a whole and its individual industries and regions. The maximum evolutionary effect of innovation is the transition of the economy to a new technological order. Equally important is the role of innovation in the social development of society. They change not only the means of transport, communication, education and medicine, but also the way of life habitual for society. The difference between the terms «innovation» and «innovation» is defined. The classification of innovations is considered, proceeding from their evolutionary component. Innovations with qualitative and quantitative evolutionary effect, innovations with the effect of social and spatial evolution are singled out. An analysis of the evolutionary essence of innovations, determined in the works of well-known authors, is carried out. Such as J. Schumpeter, N.D. Kondratiev, R. Nelson, S. Winter, and others. Influence of diffusion of innovations on the process of territorial evolution is determined. The types of diffusion of innovations with characteristics of each of them are described. It is indicated that in the process of changing business-routines there is a dual essence of innovations. It consists in that, on the one hand, innovations are external factors of evolution, and on the other hand – by its internal factors. The role of multiplicative effects as a mechanism that changes the trajectory of the development of the innovation process, making it less predictable and, accordingly, difficult to manage, is defined.
Development of the composition of crushed stone and mastic asphalt with increased resistance to rutting for the device wear layer for roads with high traffic
Authors: Gofman Dmitriy , Katasonov Maksim , Kochetkov Andrey , Gaydaychuk Yuliya , Kirichuk Diana
Published: April 2019

The paper considers the use of crushed stone-mastic asphalt mixtures laid with a small thickness as protective layers of wear of roads. The General characteristics of mixtures and their components are given, the pros and cons, as well as the possibility of their application are given. As a mineral powder, it is recommended to use lime-containing waste (calcium oxide hydrate) of the chemical industry. The effective increase of shear resistance of the protective wear layer with the subsequent prevention of the formation of a track on the coating due to the use of lime-containing waste, which has a highly active structuring effect on bitumen with a slowdown in its aging in the asphalt binder, subject to the principles of sufficient water resistance and crack resistance of asphalt concrete. The replacement of mineral powder with lime-containing waste in the composition of crushed-mastic asphalt concrete with the same mass amount of other mineral components and bitumen indicates a significant increase in quality indicators.
Mining city resilience research
Authors: Tian Jiefang
Published: April 2019

The economic development and increasing population have intensified the demand for mineral products and have led to environmental disasters in mining cities around the world. This paper discusses environmental risks in mining cities by analysing the current situation of environmental disasters that occur at home and abroad. The study draws on the theory of urban resilience and analyses the influencing factors of disastrous occurrence in mining areas. By putting forward the resilience evaluation index system this paper aims to improve the cities’ ability to cope with major shocks and chronic stress, and to enhance urban resistance and resilience. The study of urban resilience capacity against uncertain risks involves ecological and engineering resilience, and economic and social resilience. With reference to the statistics of Tangshan city, this paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation, using the cluster analysis method, to calculate the degree of urban resilience and resilience index. The paper also attempts to put forward optimisation statistics for greater capacity of resilience to be achieved in the future urban development process, while providing a basis for improving the mining cities’ capability to resist disasters and maintain sustainable development in those places.
Gülten Dayıoğlu’nun Gezi Kitapları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: TEKŞAN Keziban , AKKAYA Sultan Ecem , ÇİNPOLAT Enes
Published: April 2019

Çocukluk, insan hayatının en önemli dönemlerinden
biridir. Çünkü kişiliğin temelleri bu evrede atılır. Bu gelişim sürecinde çocuk
edebiyatı ürünleri büyük önem taşır. Özellikle de disiplinler arası etkileşime
izin veren, gözleme ve deneyimlere dayanan gezi türüne büyük görev düşmektedir.
Bu çalışmada bilgilendirici/öğretici metin türleri arasında yer alan gezi
türünün çocuk gelişimine katkısı üzerinde durulmaktadır. Ayrıca yazarlık
hayatına başladığı günden bu yana hedef kitlesi yalnızca çocuklar olan Gülten
Dayıoğlu’nun gezi kitapları, taşıdığı nitelikler ve çocuklara sağlayacağı
katkılar yönünden incelenmiştir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma türlerinden temel
nitel araştırma (basic qualitative research) çalışmasıdır. Verilerin toplanmasında doküman
incelemesi yapılmıştır. Verilerin
analizinde betimsel analiz yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Kitapların
incelenmesi Arıcı, Ungan ve Şimşek’in (2016) çocuklar için yazılan veya tavsiye
edilen gezi yazılarında aranılması gereken niteliklere göre yapılmıştır. Çalışmada
Gülten Dayıoğlu’nun “Kafdağı’na Yolculuk”, “Okyanuslar Ötesine Yolculuk”,
“Bambaşka Bir Dünya Amerika’ya Yolculuk”, “Efsaneler Ülkesi Çin’e Yolculuk”,
“Kangurular Ülkesi Avusturalya’ya Yolculuk”, “Kenya’ya Yolculuk”, “Mısır’a
Yolculuk” ve “Meksika’ya Yolculuk” adlı kitapları incelenmiştir.
Değerlendirmeler ışığında adı geçen kitapların öğrencilerin bilgilerini,  düşüncelerini, gözlem becerilerini
geliştireceği ve onlara farklı kültürleri tanıtacağı düşünülmektedir.
Mês do cérebro: uma ação visando a popularização da neurociência com alunos de ensino médio, em uma escola do DF, Brasil
Authors: De Carvalho Karina Mendes , Menezes João Paulo Cunha
Published: April 2019

A popularização da ciência ou divulgação científica é um processo que visa à comunicação de informações científicas ao público geral, por meio de diversas estratégias, e se trata de uma importante ferramenta a ser utilizada no contexto educacional, já que muitos conhecimentos científicos não são incorporados aos materiais didáticos escolares ou, quando são, isso demora um tempo elevado. Uma dessas temáticas que se encontra pouco presente é a Neurociência, que desperta grande interesse do público e das mídias, estando diretamente relacionada ao cotidiano dos cidadãos. Essa associação entre Neurociência e Educação vem chamando a atenção devido aos benefícios que pode trazer aos estudantes e educadores e até mesmo aos pais ou responsáveis. Portanto, a presente pesquisa realizou uma intervenção junto a alunos de ensino médio, envolvendo diversos temas inseridos nas neurociências, com o objetivo de analisar o potencial das atividades realizadas e popularizar a área. As diferentes etapas foram realizadas buscando utilizar diferentes metodologias. A maioria dos estudantes considerou que aprendeu muitas coisas novas, importantes e úteis ao seu dia-a-dia; que o interesse pela ciência aumentou; que pretendem passar adiante os conhecimentos adquiridos. Neuromitos foram esclarecidos aos estudantes durante as atividades e, no geral, o resultado de todas as etapas foi positivo. Sendo assim, a intervenção se apresentou como uma forma efetiva de popularizar a temática, aproximou os estudantes do contexto científico e impactou de forma positiva os participantes.
Estimating the cost of HIV/AIDS and TB services at health facilities in Cambodia v1
Authors: Thin Kouland , Johns Benjamin
Published: April 2019

In Cambodia, HIV/AIDS and TB have historically been financed by donors, the Ministry of Health, and households (via out-of-pocket spending). Donor funding for HIV/AIDS and TB is declining, the government is struggling to generate new resources dedicated to the prevention or treatment of these diseases. However, in recent years Health Equity Funds (HEFs) have begun to provide financing for HIV/AIDS and TB services. Upcoming social health protection reforms increase the likelihood that new social health insurers, e.g. the National Social Security Fund (NSSF), will also cover HIV/AIDS and TB services, as has been done in other countries in the region, including Vietnam, Thailand, and the Philippines. The NSSF currently does not clearly specify that HIV/AIDS and TB services are included in the benefit package; rather the NSSF health benefit package specifies that it covers ‘treatment and care services with medical professional techniques’. The purpose of this study will be to understand the unit costs of delivering HIV/AIDS and TB services, identify the major components of costs, sources of funding, and to inform HEF (and eventually NSSF) reimbursement rates. In the short term, the results will be used to build an actuarial cost and financing model projecting resource needs and likely sources of funding for HIV/AIDS and TB services over 5 years.
Soil collection and preparation for pot experiments v2
Authors: LE Imakumbili Matema
Published: April 2019

This protocol describes how to collect and prepare soil that will be used as a potting medium (potting soil) in a pot experiment.
General Protocol for Immunohistochemical Staining of Tissue v1
Authors: Carofino Brandi
Published: April 2019

This is our general protocol for immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue. We have used this to stain mouse and human tissue sections and commercially available human tissue microarrays. The use of DAB as a chromogen and Hematoxylin QS as a counterstain leads to brown staining with a light blue background and darker blue nuclei.
CONSERVATION STRATEGIES TO MAINTAIN IDENTITY AND VALUE OF THE HERITAGE TEMPLE IN SIBANG VILLAGE (CASE STUDY: PURA DALEM DASAR, DESA SIBANG)
Authors: Raka Gunawarman Anak Agung Gede , Putri Ni Putu Ratih Pradyaswari Anasta
Published: April 2019

As one of Balinese architectural works that have a sacred function as a place of worship for Hindus, the construction of a temple will not be separated from the local wisdom of the community. Temple is often regarded as an identity of a region, cultural heritage, and a hereditary historical heritage that manifested as an architectural work. Although considered as a historical heritage, the absence of adequate historical documentation regarding temples in Bali causes changes that often do not match the story and the initial appearance of the temple. Many factors can be said to be the cause of the temple change, e.g.: (1) the community's desire to make temple repairs practical and fast; (2) understanding of the local community who are still minimal in the rules of building a temple; (3) there are no clear rules regarding the construction of a temple; (4) people's insensitivity to their identity; and (5) the absence of adequate documentation for the process of building a temple.Changes of a temple are also caused by government development funds, so many temples are dismantled and changed "forcefully" which unconsciously destroys the order of values and traces of the history of the temple. Temples that have historical values are instead replaced with new or contemporary models that are not necessarily based on original literature from the previous ancestral order. Seeing this phenomenon, researchers believe the need for preservation efforts through conservation strategies so that changes can be overcome and controlled according to their portion. Keyword : conservation strategis, historical temple, identity
Effects of a protocol with manual therapy and postural techniques for non-specific low back pain
Authors: Silva Daniele Alves da , Carvalho Maria Ester Ibiapina Mendes de , Mesquita Laiana Sepúlveda de Andrade
Published: April 2019

Background: The effects of postural reeducation on low back pain (LBP) are well documented in the literature, as well as studies using manual therapy (MT). However, no studies were found that investigate the use of a protocol using both MT and postural techniques. Objective: To verify the effects of a protocol that associates the MT and postural techniques in pain symptoms and functionality of subjects with chronic non-specific LBP. Methods: The participants of this study were 09 patients from the physiotherapy outpatient clinic of a public hospital. The evaluation of the subjects was carried out with the application of the Visual Analog Scale for Pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Pressure Algometry. Patients were treated with a protocol composed of manipulative and postural techniques performed twice a week for five weeks. Two new evaluations were performed after the 5th and 10th sessions. For statistical analysis, the ANOVA test was used followed by the Tukey post-hoc test, considering p< 0.05. Results: In all the evaluated variables it was observed a greater difference of the scores between the initial and the tenth evaluation. There was significant improvement in the pain (p = 0.0167) and in the algometry of the piriformis and quadratus lumborum. There was no significant difference in disability (p = 0.0595). Conclusion: The protocol with MT and postural techniques promoted improvement of pain and increase of pressure sensitivity threshold in patients with chronic non-specific LBP.
Endereçamento e epistolaridade: poesia e circunstância em Mallarmé
Authors: Stroparo Sandra Mara
Published: April 2019

Resumo: Este trabalho procura pensar a questão do endereçamento epistolar em Mallarmé, unindo essa possibilidade à questão do endereçamento poético. Questões como quem escreve e para quem, são problematizadas para repetir o que parece ter sido o próprio processo do autor francês, seja nas suas cartas (e envelopes), seja na sua poesia (incluindo a de circunstância), seja na sua ensaística. As quadrinhas de Les Loisirs de la Poste são tomadas como exemplo lúdico de uma experimentação autoral, ao mesmo tempo que de uma procura por um leitor ideal, capaz de ler um endereço oficial a partir delas. Essas quadras são reveladoras de uma reflexão mais ampla do autor que, em uma experiência epistolar, pode testar a noção de identidade pessoal e autoral até o ponto da despersonalização, noção fundamental para a modernidade.Palavras-chave: cartas; identidade; despersonalização; Mallarmé.Abstract: This paper aims to study the addressing of letters in Mallarmé, along with the problem of poetic addressing. Who writes, and to whom, are questions considered here in order to repeat what seems to have been the french author’s project, in his letters (and envelopes), poetry (including the one of circumstance), and in his essays. The quatrains in Les Loisirs de la Poste are considered as a playful example of authorial experimentation as well as the search for an ideal reader, capable of reading them as an official address. These quatrains reveal a wider reflexion of an author who, in an epistolary experience, can sound the notions of personal and authorial identity, stretching them to the point of depersonalization, a fundamental notion for the modern condition.Keywords: letters; identity; depersonalization; Mallarmé.