bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic resistance, virulence, and phylogenetic analysis of Escherichia coli strains isolated from free-living birds in human habitats
Authors: Rybak Bartosz , Krawczyk Beata , Furmanek-Blaszk Beata , Wysocka Magdalena , Fordon Magdalena , Ziolkowski Pawel , Meissner Wlodzimierz , Stepniewska Katarzyna , Sikorska Katarzyna
Published: January 2022

Wild birds can be colonized by bacteria, which are often resistant to antibiotics and have various virulence profiles. The aim of this study was to analyze antibiotic resistance mechanisms and virulence profiles in relation to the phylogenetic group of E. coli strains that were isolated from the GI tract of wildfowl. Out of 241 faecal samples, presence of E. coli resistant to a cephalosporin (ESBL/AmpC) was estimated for 33 isolates (13,7%). Based on the analysis of the coexistence of 4 genes encoding ESBLs/AmpC (blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaAmpC) and class 1 and 2 integrons genes (intI1, intI2) a subset of two resistance profiles was observed among the investigated E. coli isolates carrying blaAmpC, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M, blaTEM, class 1 and 2 integrons, respectively. The E. coli isolates were categorized into 4 phylogenetic groups A (39.4%), B2 (24.25%), D (24.25%) and B1 (12.1%). The pathogenic B2 and D groups were mainly typical for the Laridae family. Among the 28 virulence factors (Vfs) detected in pathogenic phylogenetic groups B2 and D, 7 were exclusively found in those groups (sfa, vat, tosA, tosB, hly, usp, cnf), while 4 VFs (fecA, fyuA, irp2, kspMTII) showed a statistically significant association (P≤0.05) with phylogroups A and B1. Our results indicated that strains belonging to commensal phylogroups A/B1 possess extensive iron acquisition systems (93,9%) and autotransporters (60,6%), typical for pathogens, hence we suggest that these strains evolve towards higher levels of virulence. This study, which is a point assessment of the virulence and drug resistance potential of wild birds, confirms the importance of taking wild birds as a reservoir of strains that pose a growing threat to humans. The E. coli analyzed in our study derive from different phylogenetic groups and possess an arsenal of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors that contribute to their ability to cause diseases.
Features of patients who developed hepatocellular carcinoma after direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Mawatari Seiichi , Kumagai Kotaro , Oda Kohei , Tabu Kazuaki , Ijuin Sho , Fujisaki Kunio , Tashima Shuzo , Inada Yukiko , Uto Hirofumi , Saisyoji Akiko , Hiramine Yasunari , Hashiguchi Masafumi , Tamai Tsutomu , Hori Takeshi , Taniyama Ohki , Toyodome Ai , Sakae Haruka , Kure Takeshi , Sakurai Kazuhiro , Moriuchi Akihiro , Kanmura Shuji , Ido Akio
Published: January 2022

Background

The features of hepatitis C virus patients with a sustained virologic response (SVR) who developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy are unclear.

Methods

The study population included 1494 DAA-SVR patients without a history of HCC. The cumulative carcinogenesis rate after the end of treatment (EOT) and factors related to HCC were analyzed.

Results

Sixty (4.0%) patients developed HCC during a median observation period of 47.6 months. At four years, the cumulative carcinogenesis rate was 4.7%. A Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that age ≥73 years (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.148), male sex (HR: 3.060), hyaluronic acid (HA) ≥75 ng/mL (HR: 3.996), alpha-fetoprotein at EOT (EOT-AFP) ≥5.3 ng/mL (HR: 4.773), and albumin at EOT (EOT-Alb) <3.9 g/dL (HR: 2.305) were associated with HCC development. Especially, EOT-AFP ≥5.3 ng/mL was associated with HCC development after 3 years from EOT (HR: 6.237). Among patients who developed HCC, AFP did not increase in patients with EOT-AFP <5.3 ng/mL at the onset of HCC. Of these 5 factors, EOT-AFP ≥5.3 ng/mL was scored as 2 points; the others were scored as 1 point. The 4-year cumulative carcinogenesis rate for patients with total scores of 0–2, 3–4, and 5–6 points were 0.6%, 11.9%, and 27.1%, respectively (p<0.001).

Conclusions

EOT-AFP ≥5.3 ng/mL is useful for predicting HCC development after an SVR. However, AFP does not increase in patients with EOT-AFP <5.3 ng/mL at the onset of HCC. The combination of EOT-AFP, age, sex, HA, and EOT-Alb is important for predicting carcinogenesis.
Descriptive study of chest x-ray examination in mandatory annual health examinations at the workplace in Japan
Authors: Watanabe Yuya , Nakagawa Toru , Fukai Kota , Honda Toru , Furuya Hiroyuki , Hayashi Takeshi , Tatemichi Masayuki
Published: January 2022

The utility of chest x-ray examination (CXR) in mandatory annual health examinations for occupational health is debatable in Japan. This study aimed to provide basic data to consider future policies for mandatory annual health examinations in the workplace. A nationwide descriptive survey was performed to determine the rate of detection of tuberculosis, lung cancer, and other diseases through CXR in organizations associated with National Federation of Industrial Health Association. The rate of finding on CXR conducted during annual health examinations in FY2016 was evaluated. Data regarding diagnosis based on follow-up examination findings were obtained and compared with the national statistics. In addition, CXR findings were compared with the results of low-dose lung computed tomography performed at the Hitachi Health Care Center. From 121 surveyed institutions, 88 institutions with 8,669,403 workers were included. For all ages, 1.0% of examinees required follow-up examination. Among 4,764,985 workers with diagnosis data, the tuberculosis detection rate was 1.8–5.3 per 100,000 persons. For Lung cancer, 3,688,396 workers were surveyed, and 334 positive cases were detected. The lung cancer detection rate using CXR was 9.1–24.4 per 100,000 persons. From 164 cases with information regarding the clinical stage, 72 (43.9%) had Stage I lung cancer. From 40,045 workers who underwent low-dose computed tomography multiple times, 31 lung cancer cases, all with Stage I disease, were detected (detection rate: 77.4 per 100,000 persons). Our findings suggest that CXR plays a little role in the detection of active tuberculosis. With regard to LC screening, the detection rate of LC by CXR was lower, approximately 50%, than the expected rate (41.0 per 100,000 persons) of LC morbidity based on the age–sex distribution of this study population. However, the role of CXR for LC screening cannot be mentioned based on this result, because assessment of mortality reduction is essential to evaluate the role.
Association of human disturbance and gastrointestinal parasite infection of yellow baboons in western Tanzania
Authors: Mason Bethan , Piel Alex K. , Modrý David , Petrželková Klára J. , Stewart Fiona A. , Pafčo Barbora
Published: January 2022

Human disturbance is an ongoing threat to many wildlife species, manifesting as habitat destruction, resource overuse, or increased disease exposure, among others. With increasing human: non-human primate (NHP) encounters, NHPs are increasingly susceptible to human-introduced diseases, including those with parasitic origins. As such, epidemiology of parasitic disease is becoming an important consideration for NHP conservation strategies. To investigate the relationship between parasite infections and human disturbance we studied yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) living outside of national park boundaries in western Tanzania, collecting 135 fresh faecal samples from nine troops occupying areas with varying levels of human disturbance. We fixed all samples in 10% formalin and later evaluated parasite prevalence and abundance (of isotrichid ciliates and Strongylida). We identified seven protozoan and four helminth taxa. Taxa showed varied relationships with human disturbance, baboon troop size and host age. In four taxa, we found a positive association between prevalence and troop size. We also report a trend towards higher parasite prevalence of two taxa in less disturbed areas. To the contrary, high levels of human disturbance predicted increased abundance of isotrichid ciliates, although no relationship was found between disturbance and Strongylida abundance. Our results provide mixed evidence that human disturbance is associated with NHP parasite infections, highlighting the need to consider monitoring parasite infections when developing NHP conservation strategies.
Two components of body-image disturbance are differentially associated with distinct eating disorder characteristics in healthy young women
Authors: Hamamoto Yumi , Suzuki Shinsuke , Sugiura Motoaki
Published: January 2022

Body-image disturbance comprises two components. The first is perceptual in nature, and is measured by a discrepancy between one’s actual body and perceived self-image (“perceived–actual discrepancy”). The other component is affective, and is measured by a discrepancy between one’s perceived self-image and ideal body image (“perceived–ideal discrepancy”). The present study evaluated the relationships between body-image disturbance and characteristics of eating disorders such as symptoms and related personality traits. In a psychophysiological experiment, female university students (mean ± SD age = 21.0 ± 1.38 years) were presented with silhouette images of their own bodies that were distorted in terms of width. The participants were asked whether each silhouette image was more overweight than their actual or ideal body images. Eating-disorder characteristics were assessed using six factors from the Japanese version of the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 (EDI2). We found that perceived–actual discrepancies correlated with negative self-evaluation (i.e., factor 3 of the EDI2), whereas perceived–ideal discrepancies correlated with dissatisfaction with one’s own body (i.e., factor 2 of EDI2). These results imply that distinct psychological mechanisms underlie the two components of body-image disturbance.
Effect of hemodialysis on short-term outcomes after colon cancer surgery
Authors: Shiraishi Toshio , Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Hashimoto Shintaro , Hamada Kiyoaki , Araki Masato , Sumida Yorihisa , Takeshita Hiroaki , Fukuoka Hidetoshi , Wada Hideo , To Kazuo , Yamashita Mariko , Tanaka Kenji , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi
Published: January 2022

Background

Hemodialysis patients who undergo surgery have a high risk of postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to determine whether colon cancer surgery can be safely performed in hemodialysis patients.

Methods

This multicenter retrospective study included 1372 patients who underwent elective curative resection surgery for colon cancer between April 2016 and March 2020.

Results

Of the total patients, 19 (1.4%) underwent hemodialysis, of whom 19 (100%) had poor performance status and 18 had comorbidities (94.7%). Minimally invasive surgery was performed in 78.9% of hemodialysis patients. The postoperative complication rate was significantly higher in hemodialysis than non-hemodialysis patients (36.8% vs. 15.5%, p = 0.009). All postoperative complications in the hemodialysis patients were infectious type. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of hemodialysis with complications (odds ratio, 2.9362; 95%CI, 1.1384–7.5730; p = 0.026).

Conclusion

Despite recent advances in perioperative management and minimally invasive surgery, it is necessary to be aware that short-term complications can still occur, especially infectious complications in hemodialysis patients.
Analysis of conductive olfactory dysfunction using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Asama Youji , Furutani Akiko , Fujioka Masato , Ozawa Hiroyuki , Takei Satoshi , Shibata Shigenobu , Ogawa Kaoru
Published: January 2022

Conductive olfactory dysfunction (COD) is caused by an obstruction in the nasal cavity and is characterized by changeable olfaction. COD can occur even when the olfactory cleft is anatomically normal, and therefore, the cause in these cases remains unclear. Herein, we used computational fluid dynamics to examine olfactory cleft airflow with a retrospective cohort study utilizing the cone beam computed tomography scan data of COD patients. By measuring nasal–nasopharynx pressure at maximum flow, we established a cut-off value at which nasal breathing can be differentiated from combined mouth breathing in COD patients. We found that increased nasal resistance led to mouth breathing and that the velocity and flow rate in the olfactory cleft at maximum flow were significantly reduced in COD patients with nasal breathing only compared to healthy olfactory subjects. In addition, we performed a detailed analysis of common morphological abnormalities associated with concha bullosa. Our study provides novel insights into the causes of COD, and therefore, it has important implications for surgical planning of COD, sleep apnea research, assessment of adenoid hyperplasia in children, and sports respiratory physiology.
Sign-changing solutions for a Schrödinger–Kirchhoff–Poisson system
with 4-sublinear growth nonlinearity
Authors: Yu Shubin , Zhang Ziheng , Yuan Rong
Published: January 2022

In this paper we consider the following
Schrödinger–Kirchhoff–Poisson-type system

{

−

(

a
+
b

∫

Ω

|

∇
u

|

2

d
x

)

Δ

u
+
λ

ϕ

u
=
Q
(
x
)

|

u

|

p
−
2

u

in

 

Ω

,

−

Δ

ϕ

=

u

2

in

 

Ω

,

u
=

ϕ

=
0

on

 

∂
Ω

,

where
Ω
is a
bounded smooth domain of

R

3

,
a
>
0
,
b
≥
0
are constants
and
λ
is a positive parameter. Under suitable conditions on
Q
(
x
)

and combining the method of invariant sets of descending flow, we establish
the existence and multiplicity of sign-changing solutions to this problem
for the case that
2
<
p
<
4
as
λ
sufficient small. Furthermore,
for
λ
=
1
and the above assumptions on
Q
(
x
)
, we obtain the same
conclusions with
2
<
p
<

12
5

.
Asymptotic behavior of solutions to difference equations in Banach
spaces
Authors: Migda Janusz
Published: January 2022

We investigate the asymptotic properties of solutions to higher
order nonlinear difference equations in Banach spaces. We introduce a new
technique based on a vector version of discrete L'Hospital's rule,
remainder operator, and the regional topology on the space of all sequences
on a given Banach space. We establish sufficient conditions for the
existence of solutions with prescribed asymptotic behavior. Moreover, we
are dealing with the problem of approximation of solutions. Our technique
allows us to control the degree of approximation of solutions.
Minimizing of the quadratic functional on Hopfield networks
Authors: Boichuk Oleksandr , Bihun Dmytro , Feruk Victor , Pokutnyi Oleksandr
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we consider the continuous Hopfield model with a weak
interaction of network neurons. This model is described by a system of
differential equations with linear boundary conditions. Also, we consider
the questions of finding necessary and sufficient conditions of solvability
and constructive construction of solutions of the given problem, which turn
into solutions of the linear generating problem, as the parameter
$\varepsilon$ tends to zero. An iterative algorithm for finding solutions
has been constructed. The problem of finding the extremum of the target
functions on the given problem solution is considered. To minimize a
functional, an accelerated method of conjugate gradients is used. Results
are illustrated with examples for the case of three neurons.
Climate Change and Gastroenterology: Planetary Primum Non Nocere and How Industry Must Help
Authors: Haddock Rosemary , de Latour Rabia , Siau Keith , Hayee Bu'Hussain , Gayam Swapna
Published: January 2022

Climate change is a global emergency. Increasing awareness has led to policy changes regarding global industry emissions. The healthcare industry carbon footprint is large and growing more and more. Gastroenterology, with its heavy reliance on industry, is a major contributor toward this growth. For a significant change toward reducing the field's carbon footprint, it would involve serious industry commitment. At present, there are no clear guidelines or regulations on controlling healthcare-related industry emissions and improving sustainability. This narrative review aims to provide practical suggestions at each step of the supply chain can lead to greater sustainability.
Optimization of Design for Air Gap Sensor Using the Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Chimklin Kitisak , Chungchoo Chatchapol
Published: January 2022

In Hard Disk Drive (HDD) manufacturing, there is always a concern about the cutting defects that are caused by residual cutting chips. Only a small amount of 10 μm chips (act as the air gap) can cause the workpiece to tilt and shift from the correct position, and thus affect the dimension of the workpiece (mainly the Base HDD). For this reason, researchers adapted the adjustable micrometer as a simulation device that resembles the air gap for the design of the Air Gap Sensor Module. The design of experiments using response surface methodology will be studied to confirm the appropriate factors of the prototype. This study reports the optimization of the main factors that affect Air Gap Sensor Module condition: Air Nozzle Diameter 2.303 mm, Air Pressure 0.1 MPa, and Sampling Time 645 ms, which has a high square of the coefficient correlation (R-squared = 99.0%) with a close relationship between gap distance and air pressure. The relationship between these variables is mostly linear. The R-squared error percentage of actual value is less than 0.93% compared to predicted value. The mathematical model results and experimental values were consistent and able to predict response variables. The Air Gap Sensor Module can provide the measurement results in micron ccuracy and displays light and beep to confirm as acceptable or reject gap conditions with the uncertainty of measurement ± 0.001 mm.
ADAPTASI RITUAL DAN PRAKTIK SOSIAL-KEAGAMAAN MAHASISWA DI MASA PANDEMI (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN FILSAFAT, UIN SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA)
Authors: Khasbullah Wiwik Setiyani
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic that has been going on for more than two years has changed most socio-religious activities of the community, including many academic communities, especially students. The fact that all educational activities must be carried out online has also changed their religious activities and socio-religious practices. Students use their spare time during the distance learning process with worshipping and doing some social activities at home. This article aims to elaborate on how students adapt to the new situation regarding their religious activities. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used in this research are in-depth interviews with 18 student informants and collecting virtual data through google form. The results showed that students' religious adaptation in worship practices and social activities had helped increase their spirituality and closeness to religion. This conclusion is supported by an increase in the quantity of worship such as the intensity of reading the Qur'an, discipline in conducting obligatory prayers, and the involvement of students in religious-based charity activities in the community.Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia selama kurang lebih 2 tahun ini telah mengubah seluruh aktivitas sosial keagamaan masyarakat, tidak terkecuali segment pendidikan khususnya mahasiswa. Fakta bahwa seluruh aktivitas pendidikan harus dilakukan dalam situasi jarak jauh secara langsung juga telah mengubah aktivitas ibadah dan praktik sosial-keagamaan mereka. Mahasiswa mengisi waktu-waktu luang mereka selama pembelajaran jarak jauh dengan aktivitas ibadah dan kegiatan sosial di rumah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi bagaimana mahasiswa melakukan adaptasi keagamaan di masa pandemi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 18 informan mahasiswa dan diperkuat dengan data virtual melalui google form. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi keagamaan mahasiswa dalam praktik ibadah dan aktivitas sosial telah membantu meningkatkan spiritualitas dan kedekatan mereka kepada agama. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan peningkatan kuantitas ibadah seperti intensitas membaca Al-Qur’an, kedisiplinan dalam sholat wajib, dan keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam aktivitas charity berbasis keagamaan di masyarakat.
TRAVEL VLOG YOUTUBE: SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF TECHNOLOGY AND TRAVELING CULTURE AMONG MILLENNIALS
Authors: Utami Atika Budhi , Suryadi Kencana Ariestyani
Published: January 2022

Travelling has become a part of lifestyle and has been closely associated with tourism sector which is potential to generate revenue. In the past 20 years, young people have played an important role in the global tourism. Research in Indonesia in 2016 revealed that 35% or 25 million young people out of the country’s 261 million population loved travelling. According to the Indonesia’s Statistic Body (Badan Pusat Statistik), millennials are keen on travelling due to the consumption shift in the society. Our productive generation prefer spending their money on seeking experiences to buying consumptive products. Besides, the fast-changing technology facilitates travellers to document their journey in a vlog format. The vlogs can later be played and shared in the Internet through social media such as YouTube and Instagram. The research aimed to analyze the interpretation of the millennials’ experience after watching travel vlogs in YouTube, and to analyze the meanings of their experience in sharing content in YouTube and other social media platforms. We used Social Construction of Technology (SCoT) Theory with phenomenological approach to analyze the aims.  The results showed that travel vlog was a progressive way of the usage and construction of social technology. Travel vlogs have brought a significant increase in travelling culture in millennials. They would rather save money to gain travelling experience than to purchase consumptive goods. They would also prefer sharing their experiences through Instastory feature in Instagram to YouTube. Having said that, YouTube should add a simpler feature so that millennials or travel vloggers can share their travelling experiences in the channel easier.
IMPACTS OF MEDIA LITERACY LEVELS ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING (TPPO) CONTENT
Authors: Andiyansari Popi , Sukmawati Ade Irma
Published: January 2022

New media is rapidly evolving and has an impact on our daily life. The rapid development of applications and increasing number of social media users can lead the users in a vulnerable condition. Human trafficking, also known as TPPO (Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang) in Indonesia, is one of the threats that users encounter, it commonly happens to young users who do not have enough information about it, but they can obtain TPPO information through employment advertisements in the media. The goal of this study is to look at media literacy levels and the correlations between them and TPPO message comprehension in new media. This research used a descriptive quantitative method with a correlation approach, in which associations between variables were measured. The media literacy levels of respondents were measured by using a Likert scale with a range of 1-5. The aspects measured were age, school origin and ownership of social media. These aspects and the TPPO message understanding in new media were measured by a Pearson scale. This study found that the highest level of media literacy was in the age group of 15 years old from SMAN 1(Public Senior High School) Pakem and that the number of social media account ownership did not show a significant relationship with the literacy levels. The measurement on the relationships between the media literacy levels and the TPPO message understanding by using a Pearson scale obtained 0.606; these results indicated that the correlation between both variables was high.
ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR TRANSLATION OF TEXT INFORMATION IN MORSE CODE WITH LED INDICATION
Authors: Zheleznikova O. E. , Burmistrova U. A. , Mikaeva S. A. , Zhuravleva Yu. A.
Published: January 2022

The work is devoted to the development of an electronic device for translating text information into Morse code with LED indication. Light signals were used to transmit messages encoded with Morse code. In the process of work, an electronic module “Arduino Nano v.3.0” was designed, including a microcontroller that allows you to connect external devices via a standard USB bus, an LED, the operation of which can be controlled by using it for light transmission of information by Morse code. The electronic module used in this project includes a CH340G microcircuit designed to emulate the UART COM port on the computer's USB bus. To develop the program code for the electronic module “Arduino Nano” in this work, we used the standard software development environment Arduino IDE, which contains useful libraries. For a set of text information intended for transmission by Morse code, any standard program that controls the COM port can be used.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THERMOGASDYNAMIC PROCESSES IN PISTON ENGINES
Authors: Berdnik A. N. , Remeslovskiy V. O.
Published: January 2022

A method for calculating the non-stationary gas flow in the exhaust pipeline of a piston engine by the method of solitary waves of finite amplitude is presented. The comparison of experimental data and calculation results by the method of characteristics and obtained when considering the process of propagation of solitary waves through the exhaust pipeline of a piston engine equipped with a pulsed turbocharging system is shown.
CALCULATION OF REFERENCE REACTIONS AND AXIAL STROKE OF A SECTION OF A STEEL GAS PIPELINE FOR THE OBJECT “ROOF GAS BOILER HOUSE”
Authors: Murzakhanov G. Kh. , Barsukov A. A. , Semenov A. S. , Makshin A. V.
Published: January 2022

The main stages of the strength calculation of a steel gas pipeline attached to the facade of a building, to determine the values of reference reactions, as well as the axial stroke of bellows compensators for the Roof gas boiler project are considered. The calculation was made on the basis of the finite element method by specialists in the Moscow city Center. Based on the results of the strength calculation, it was concluded that the strength and reliability of the considered section of the gas pipeline is ensured.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL LAMP BASED ON LED MATRIX
Authors: Kovalenko O. Yu. , Martynova E. M. , Mikaeva S. A. , Zhuravleva Yu. A.
Published: January 2022

The work is devoted to the development of a lamp based on an LED matrix with varying chromaticity and illumination level. The following main components are used in the work: an addressable LED matrix WS2812b 1616 LED, Arduino Nano, a TTP223 touch button, a 5V 2A power supply. The basis for the lamp is a plumbing pipe with a diameter of 50 mm and a part of a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm; for the manufacture of a prototype, a matte shade from a conventional lamp was used. The working temperature of the matrix is from –25° to + 80° Celsius. Working at temperatures below – 25°, the tape may work poorly or not execute controller commands at all. For lighting effects and, in general, for the operation of the lamp, the code was written on the Arduino, and flashed into the Arduino Nano. The proposed lamp design can be used as decorative lighting for residential buildings.
Figuras de la otredad en el cine contemporáneo
Authors: Martinelli Lucas
Published: January 2022

Este libro presenta un compendio sobre la estética del gótico desde una trama vinculada con una reflexión profunda sobre la figuración de la otredad en el cine contemporáneo.
Numerical Modeling of CuInxGa(1-x)Se2/WS2 Thin Solar Cell with an Enhanced PCE
Authors: Belhadji Youcef
Published: January 2022

Designing thin film solar cells with high and stable output performance under different operating points remains a large area of research. In the context of Chalcopyrite-based solar cells (CuInxGa(1-x)Se2) where the buffer layer is CdS, great progress has been made but research is still underway to optimize their performance. Besides the environmental concerns and limiting factors of CdS material, the use or combination of new materials like ZnS, ZnSe and WS2 as a buffer layer is solicited. Due to these attracted optical and crystallographic properties, Tungsten Disulfide: WS2 is solicited during the last years. Through numerical simulation, we investigate in this work the dc parameters of CuInxGa(1-x)Se2/WS2 solar cell with reduced buffer layer thickness of 30 nm. Considering the presence of neutral and divalent defects in the absorber layer, simulations are performed under the impact of temperature, concentration of charge carriers in WS2 layer and light spectrum change. The divalent defects taken into account are: double donors / acceptors and amphoteric having a Gaussian distribution. For more calculation precision and in order to obtain the desired performance of the solar cell, the impact of series and shunt resistors is also considered. In comparison with results reported in previous works, carried out on the CuInxGa(1-x) Se2/WS2 solar cell, a remarkable improvement in the performance of the solar cell is achieved. When temperature increase by 10K, the short circuit current and  open circuit voltage are enhanced by ~0,05mA/cm2 and ~0,0022 respectively. The optimal values of the solar cell parameters obtained in this study are: Jsc≈ 31.0683 (mA/cm2), Voc=1.0173 (V), PCE = 26.72 % and FF=84.54%.
Heart Rate Variability Analysis and The Influence of Exercise Intensity Over Time in Young-healthy Women
Authors: Rahayu Aisha Widi , Hassya Izza Alifa , Laksono Eki Dipo , Sahroni Alvin
Published: January 2022

Our heart is a vital organ that pumps blood and through the vessels of the circulatory system. In medical applications, we can observe the heart rate using Electrocardiograph (ECG). Currently, people tend to have high working activity without a proper exercise intensity. This study was conducted to observe the heart rate variability (HRV) on the healthy young woman who was not doing any exercise. We evaluated the HRV characteristics while exercising with a regular period and different intensity (light to hard) and how the difference before and after of evaluation period. Seven young-healthy women (19 - 21 years old) women were observed during three observation stages: pre-exercise, main exercise-period, and post-exercise for 2 months. We analyzed MeanRR, SDRR, CVRR, rMSSD, VLF, LF, HF, and the Poincaré plot parameters (SD1 and SD2) as the HRV properties. We found that SDRR was decreased from the first week (0.08 s) to the last week of the evaluation period (0.03 s) followed by the HF component (0.15 – 0.2 Hz). The Poincaré plot properties also reduced from the first week to the last week of the exercise period (0.07 s to 0.03 s). We indicated the characteristics of a woman's HRV during regular exercise periods with different intensity have made the heart more effective in pumping blood. We concluded that the heart condition would be improved during regular exercise with the increment of intensity even in a short of a period. Finally, the heart rate performance may be decreased during absent from regular exercise for a month.
Review of the temperature and holding time effects on hydroxyapatite fabrication from the natural sources
Authors: Nurhidayat Akhlis Rahman , Bayuseno A. P , Ismail Rifky , Taqriban Rilo Berdin
Published: January 2022

Biomaterial development is currently being carried out to help people who have daily needs. Hydroxyapatite has biocompatibility properties and suitables for the use as a biomaterial. Hydroxyapatite can be found in natural sources sometimes as waste. One of the hydroxyapatite fabrication methods is calcination process. Calcination and sintering are used to obtain the desired Ca/P ratio of the hydroxyapatite. This paper reviews several research which have been published by researchers to withdraw the connection during calcination process, with respect to the temperature and holding time effects on hydroxyapatite fabrication from the natural organism. The effect of temperature and holding time determines the yield of Ca/P ratio which affects the resulting mechanical properties. Choosing the right temperature and holding time will produce Ca/P which meets the standard
MoFlus: An Open-Source Android Software for Fluorescence-Based Point of Care
Authors: Wirawan Panji Wisnu , Wibowo Adi
Published: January 2022

High-sensitivity fluorescence-based tests are utilized to monitor various activities in life science research. These tests are specifically used as health monitoring tools to detect diseases. Fluorescence-based test facilities in rural areas and developing countries, however, remain limited. Point-of-care (POC) tests based on fluorescence detection have become a solution to the limitations of fluorescence-based tools in developing countries. POC software for smartphone cameras was generally developed for specific devices and tools, and it ability to select the desired region of interest (ROI) is limited. In this work, we developed Mobile Fluorescence Spectroscopy (MoFlus), an open-source Android software for camera-based POC. We mainly aimed to develop camera-based POC software that can be used for the dynamic selection of ROI; the number of samples; and the types of detection, color, data, and for communication with servers. MoFlus facilitated the use of touch screens and data given that it was developed on the basis of the SurfaceView library in Android and Javascript object notation applications. Moreover, the function and endurance of the app when used multiple times and with different numbers of images were tested.
VARIANCE GAMMA PROCESS WITH MONTE CARLO SIMULATION AND CLOSED FORM APPROACH FOR EUROPEAN CALL OPTION PRICE DETERMINATION
Authors: Hoyyi Abdul , Abdurakhman Abdurakhman , Rosadi Dedi
Published: January 2022

The Option is widely applied in the financial sector.  The Black-Scholes-Merton model is often used in calculating option prices on a stock price movement. The model uses geometric Brownian motion which assumes that the data is normally distributed. However, in reality, stock price movements can cause sharp spikes in data, resulting in nonnormal data distribution. So we need a stock price model that is not normally distributed. One of the fastest growing stock price models today is the  process exponential model. The  process has the ability to model data that has excess kurtosis and a longer tail (heavy tail) compared to the normal distribution. One of the members of the  process is the Variance Gamma (VG) process. The VG process has three parameters which each of them, to control volatility, kurtosis and skewness. In this research, the secondary data samples of options and stocks of two companies were used, namely zoom video communications, Inc. (ZM) and Nokia Corporation (NOK).  The price of call options is determined by using closed form equations and Monte Carlo simulation. The Simulation was carried out for various  values until convergent result was obtained.
Polityka antykryzysowa Unii Europejskiej w obliczu pandemii SARS CoV-2 w obszarze zdrowia publicznego w 2020 roku. W poszukiwaniu rozwiązań funkcjonalnych
Authors: Marcinkowski Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Kryzys pandemiczny postawił przed Unią Europejką zupełnie nowe wyzwania. Pojawiło się pytanie o to jaka powinna być właściwa reakcja na zagrożenie dotyczące życia i zdrowia Europejczyków. Na jakim poziomie powinny być podejmowane strategiczne działania: europejskim czy krajowym. Wraz z rozwojem pandemii, jej transgranicznym i bezprecedensowym charakterem pojawiło się jednak wyczekiwanie działań ze strony instytucji unijnych. W artykule ukazano reakcję Unii Europejskiej w obszarze zdrowia publicznego na kryzys pandemiczny w pierwszym roku pandemii. W oparciu o analizę dokumentów unijnych przedstawiono główne kierunki proponowanych działań. Ukazano w jaki sposób poszukiwano rozwiązań funkcjonalnych w trakcie realizacji działań antykryzysowych. Dodatkowo przedstawiono w jaki sposób pandemia miała wpływ na rozwój unijnej polityki zdrowotnej (np. EU4Health czy strategię farmaceutyczną).
Wpływ pandemii SARS-CoV-2 na strategię rozwoju lokalnego kierowanego przez społeczność
Authors: Włodyka Ewa Maria
Published: January 2022

Pandemia wirusa SARS-CoV-2 udowodniła, że dotychczasowe schematy funkcjonowania funduszy unijnych18 nie zawsze sprawdzają się w nowej rzeczywistości społeczno-gospodarczej. Takim wadliwym, uniemożliwiającym zgodne z pierwotnymi założeniami realizacji lokalnej strategii rozwoju elementem okazały się wnioski beneficjentów o możliwości zmiany umowy o przyznanie pomocy. Wnioski te dotyczyły umów zawieranych poprzez lokalne grupy działania z województwem, które odpowiada za realizację programu operacyjnego i zagrażały zachowaniu realizacji wszystkich priorytetów. Główna hipoteza badawcza opiera się na założeniu, że pandemia wpłynęła negatywnie na realizację wymaganych do realizacji lokalnej strategii rozwoju wskaźników.
Mai’a K. Davis Cross, Ireneusz Paweł Karolewski (red.), European-Russian Power Relations in Turbulent Times, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor 2021, ss. 311.
Authors: Podraza Andrzej
Published: January 2022

Recenzja
Agnieszka Bielawska, Koncepcja unii politycznej niemieckiej chadecji na tle politycznego i gospodarczego rozwoju Unii Europejskiej (1990–2017), Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza, Poznań 2019, ss. 352.
Authors: Molo Beata
Published: January 2022

Recenzja
Dekada kryzysu w Libii jako wyzwanie dla Unii Europejskiej (2011–2021)
Authors: Kosman Michał M.
Published: January 2022

Arabska wiosna, która nastąpiła w 2011 r., szczególnie boleśnie doświadczyła Libię, która popadła w otchłań wojny domowej po śmierci wieloletniego dyktatora Muammara Kaddafiego. Chaos, jaki zapanował w Libii spowodował, że upodobniła się ona do państw upadłych i stała się poważnym problemem dla bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego. Ostatecznie ukształtowały się tam dwa główne ośrodki władzy, popierane przez różnych aktorów stosunków międzynarodowych. Obawa przed terroryzmem oraz niekontrolowanymi migracjami z tego państwa spowodowały, że normalizacja sytuacji w Libii stała się jednym z żywotnych interesów Unii Europejskiej. Celem artykułu jest omówienie kryzysu w Libii w latach 2011–2021 oraz działań Unii Europejskiej na rzecz łagodzenia jego skutków, w tym uruchomienia misji EUBAM Libya, Sophia, czy Irini. Do przygotowania tekstu posłużono się przede wszystkim analizą dokumentów ONZ, UE jak również opracowań na ten temat.
Reakcja Unii Europejskiej na kryzys humanitarny w Syrii
Authors: Smoleń Kinga
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest politologiczna analiza reakcji Unii Europejskiej na kryzys humanitarny w Syrii. W publikacji weryfikacji poddane zostaną następujące hipotezy badawcze. Po pierwsze, Unia Europejska funkcjonuje w środowisku dynamicznych, warunkujących jej decyzje i działania zmian, które zachodzą na wielu poziomach życia społecznego i jednocześnie wielu jego płaszczyznach. Działania Unii Europejskiej wobec kryzysu humanitarnego w Syrii warunkowane są przez dwie główne zmienne. Pierwsza z nich występuje na poziomie międzynarodowym – w tym przypadku z wyodrębnieniem poziomu systemu regionalnego – oraz łączy skutki końca zimnej wojny i procesów globalizacji, czyli elementy funkcjonalne i strukturalne. Jest nią wojna hybrydowa w Syrii. Druga zmienna w postaci bezprecedensowej w swej skali presji migracyjnej ma miejsce na poziomie wnętrza państw członkowskich. Po drugie, będąca następstwem wojny hybrydowej w Syrii i aktywności tzw. Państwa Islamskiego presja migracyjna, jakiej zaczęła doświadczać Unia Europejska stała się zagrożeniem dla jej liberalnego modelu, a także wewnętrznej spójności. Dlatego też angażując się w pomoc humanitarną dla Syrii, Unia Europejska chce zapobiec poważnemu kryzowi wewnątrz własnych struktur. Przyjęto założenie metodologiczne, zgodnie z którym funkcjonujące na wielu płaszczyznach zjawiska i procesy w środowisku Unii Europejskiej są zmiennymi niezależnymi, natomiast jej decyzje i działania zmiennymi zależnymi. W kontekście sformułowanych hipotez badawczych przedmiotem analizy w artykule jest po pierwsze, określenie istoty i dynamiki kryzysu humanitarnego w Syrii. Po drugie, identyfikacja i analiza uwarunkowań owego kryzysu. Po trzecie, ukazanie działań Unii Europejskiej wobec kryzysu humanitarnego w Syrii.
On the direction of the velocity and magnetic field fluctuations in undisturbed solar wind
Authors: Erofeev Dmitry V.
Published: January 2022

Measurements of velocity and magnetic field in near-Earth heliosphere is analized in order to investigate systematical deflection from transversality of the velocity and magnetic field fluctuations in undisturbed solar wind. Fluctuations occurred in the meridional plain of heliosphere (RN plain of the RTN reference system) are transversal with respect to mean magnetic field during periods of high solar activity, but they become non-transversal close to solar cycle minima. This phenomenon is investigated focusing on a role of Alfvén waves. It is shown that deflections from transversality is mostly expressed by fluctuations in slow solar wind streams with low contribution of Alfvén waves, whereas strongly Alfvénic turbulence undergo such deflection in a less degree. In addition, we consider orientation of velocity fluctuations in the azimuthal (RT) plain of heliosphere, which also indicates some interesting features.
Assessment of reinforcement learning applications for industrial control based on complexity measures
Authors: Grothoff Julian , Camargo Torres Nicolas , Kleinert Tobias
Published: January 2022

Machine learning and particularly reinforcement learning methods may be applied to control tasks ranging from single control loops to the operation of whole production plants. However, their utilization in industrial contexts lacks understandability and requires suitable levels of operability and maintainability. In order to asses different application scenarios a simple measure for their complexity is proposed and evaluated on four examples in a simulated palette transport system of a cold rolling mill. The measure is based on the size of controller input and output space determined by different granularity levels in a hierarchical process control model. The impact of these decomposition strategies on system characteristics, especially operability and maintainability, are discussed, assuming solvability and a suitable quality of the reinforcement learning solution is provided.
Implementing machine learning: chances and challenges
Authors: Heizmann Michael , Braun Alexander , Glitzner Markus , Günther Matthias , Hasna Günther , Klüver Christina , Krooß Jakob , Marquardt Erik , Overdick Michael , Ulrich Markus
Published: January 2022

Finding and implementing a suitable machine learning (ML) solution to a task at hand has several facets. The technical side of ML has widely been discussed in detail, see, e. g., (Heizmann, M., A. Braun, M. Hüttel, C. Klüver, E. Marquardt, M. Overdick and M. Ulrich. 2020. Artificial Intelligence with Neural Networks in Optical Measurement and Inspection Systems. at – Automatisierungstechnik 68(6): 477–487). This contribution focusses on the industrial implementation issues of ML projects, particularly for machine vision (MV) tasks. Especially in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), resources cannot be activated at will in order to use a new technology like ML. We take this into account by, on the one hand, helping to realistically evaluate the opportunities and challenges involved in implementing ML projects for a given task. On the other hand, we consider not only technical aspects, but also organizational, social and customer-related ones. It is discussed which know-how a company itself has to bring into an ML project and which tasks can also be performed by service providers. Here, it becomes clear that ML techniques can be used at different levels of detail. The question of “make or buy” is therefore also an entrepreneurial one when introducing ML into one’s own products and processes, and must be answered with a view to one’s own possibilities and structures.
Sustainable Management of Environmental Risks in Agricultural Production: Ensuring the Right to Food
Authors: Milian Gómez Jorge Freddy , Delgado Triana Yanelys
Published: January 2022

The current research is about the sustainable management of environmental risks in agricultural production to ensure the right to food. In a globalized world, agricultural production is determined by external economic, environmental, social, legal, and political factors, as well as internal factors depending on each State’s conditions. Environmental risk factors, particularly, the growing climate change and its negative effects or the occurrence of a global pandemic, restrict agricultural industry development and create uncertainty in guaranteeing people’s right to food. Agricultural production is the first right to food material guarantee. Ensuring agricultural production is ensuring people’s right to food, their food security or at least the minimum necessary to avoid hunger. The aim is to systematize environmental risks sustainable management concepts and characteristics applied in agricultural production to guarantee the right to food. The environmental risk’s sustainable management entails an efficient use of financial and economic resources in agricultural production to prevent or reduce the environmental risk identified impact. The research establishes some general points of environmental risks sustainable management in agricultural production to guarantee the right to adequate food. The following research methods and techniques were selected: the theoretical-legal and document analysis.
Testing of logarithmic-law for the slip with friction boundary condition
Authors: İlhan Özgül , Şahin Niyazi
Published: January 2022

Large eddy simulation (LES) seeks to predict the dynamics of the organized structures in the flow, that is, local spatial averages

u

̄

$\bar{u}$

of the velocity u of the fluid. Although LES has been extensively used to model turbulent flows, very often, the model has difficulty predicting turbulence generated by interactions of a flow with a boundary. A critical problem in LES is to find appropriate boundary conditions for the flow averages, which depend on the behavior of the unknown flow near the wall. In the light of the works of Navier and Maxwell, we use boundary conditions on the wall. We compute the appropriate friction coefficient β for channel flows and investigate its asymptotic behavior as the averaging radius δ → 0 and as the Reynolds number Re → ∞. No-slip conditions are recovered in the first limit, and free-slip conditions are recovered in the second limit. This study is not intended to develop new theories of the turbulent boundary layer; we use available boundary layer theories to improve numerical boundary conditions for flow averages.
Cognitive prediction of obstacle's movement for reinforcement learning pedestrian interacting model
Authors: Trinh Thanh-Trung , Kimura Masaomi
Published: January 2022

Recent studies in pedestrian simulation have been able to construct a highly realistic navigation behaviour in many circumstances. However, when replicating the close interactions between pedestrians, the replicated behaviour is often unnatural and lacks human likeness. One of the possible reasons is that the current models often ignore the cognitive factors in the human thinking process. Another reason is that many models try to approach the problem by optimising certain objectives. On the other hand, in real life, humans do not always take the most optimised decisions, particularly when interacting with other people. To improve the navigation behaviour in this circumstance, we proposed a pedestrian interacting model using reinforcement learning. Additionally, a novel cognitive prediction model, inspired by the predictive system of human cognition, is also incorporated. This helps the pedestrian agent in our model to learn to interact and predict the movement in a similar practice as humans. In our experimental results, when compared to other models, the path taken by our model’s agent is not the most optimised in certain aspects like path lengths, time taken and collisions. However, our model is able to demonstrate a more natural and human-like navigation behaviour, particularly in complex interaction settings.