bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of Crohn's Disease Depending on the Age of Disease Onset
Authors: Ganich E. G. , Shchukina O. B.
Published: December 2023

Aim: to evaluate the characteristics of Crohn's disea depending on the age of the disease onset in patients observed in a specialized City Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment.

Materials and methods. We observed 180 patients with an established diagnosis of Crohn's disease for 52 weeks, followed by a retrospective assessment. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the age of the onset of the disease according to the Paris classification (A1, A2, A3). The visits included: the collection of complaints, medical history, objective examination, clinical blood testing; biochemical blood testing (C-reactive protein); fecal calprotectin; ileocolonoscopy. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using Excel, RStudio and the R language; for categorical data, the Pearson chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used (for 2 × 2 tables with small samples). For categorical and quantitative, the Mann – Whitney t-test was used. Student's t-test was used to test the equality of means.

Results. The gender distribution and the average duration of the disease were comparable in all groups. At the time of diagnosis, ileocolitis (p = 0.01), inflammatory form of Crohn's disease (p < 0.05), and the upper gastrointestinal tract involvement (p < 0.05) were more frequently detected in group A1. Isolated colonic Crohn’s disease predominated in group A3 (p < 0.001). No significant difference between the groups in the incidence of extraintestinal manifestations of the disease was found (p = 0.32). In group A1, there was a positive correlation between smoking and lack of response to therapy. In group A2, endoscopic remission was observed less frequently among smokers at the end of the study (p < 0.05). Anal fissures were noted as the most common perianal disease in all groups. In group A1, there was a positive correlation between clinical, laboratory and endoscopic remission and the absence of perianal disease. At the end of the follow-up, the worsening of endoscopic SES-CD level was observed more frequently in the patients with the onset before 30 years old in group A2 (p = 0.01).

Conclusions. Not only pediatric onset, but also the onset of Crohn's disease before the age of 40 is a risk factor for the progression of the disease and its more severe course.
Factors Influencing the Work Interest of Mechanical Engineering Program Students of a Vocational High School in Yogyakarta
Authors: Kamil Insan , Munadi Sudji
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 1) self-competence, 2) social motivation, 3) labor market, 4) self-competence, social motivation, and labor market on the work interest of Vocational High School (VHS) students. This study employed the ex-post facto design with the regressional approach. The population in this study consisted of 306 students of Class XII of the mechanical engineering expertise program in a vocational high school in the city of Yogyakarta. The sample size was determined using Issac & Michael’s table. The participants of this study were 170 vocational high school students. The sample was collected using purposive sampling, and data were collected through a survey. The collected data were then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis which was applied for hypothesis testing. The results of this study show that (1) self-competence has a positive and significant effect on work interest (effectiveness value = 48.6%, rcount = 0.697, and tcount = 12.602); (2) social motivation has a positive and significant effect on work interest (effectiveness value = 58%, rcount = 0.762, and tcount = 15.236; (3) job market has a positive and significant effect on the work interest (effectiveness value = 70%, rcount = 0.837, and tcount = 19.821), and (4) self-competence, social motivation, and labor market collectively have a significant effect on the work interest with a percentage of 73.1% and the calculated value of 0.855. The effective contribution value of the self-ability variable is 10%, the social motivation variable is 12.7%, and the labor market variable is 50.4%. The relative contribution of the self-competence variable is 13.5%, the social motivation variable is 17.4%, and the labor market variable is 69%.
Differentiated Analysis of the Occupational Integration of Engineer Graduates from the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Abomey-Calavi into Agricultural Entrepreneurship between 1980 and 2020
Authors: Kouévi Tèko Augustin , Dagnon Gaïane Naïla , Gandonou Esaïe , Omari Rose , Tossou Cocou Rigobert
Published: December 2023

Unemployment, underemployment, and overemployment are issues affecting graduate, undergraduate, and non-graduate young people in both developed and developing countries in the world. Agricultural entrepreneurship is among the most important employment alternatives proposed to young people, particularly in developing countries. Agricultural engineer graduates are among the people exposed to employment issues, so one would expect them to be mostly represented in agricultural entrepreneurship, given that they are agricultural specialists. This paper fills the knowledge gap about the extent to which agricultural engineer graduates occupationally integrate agricultural entrepreneurship in developing countries, especially in the Republic of Benin. The study focused on the period of 1980 to 2020 and on the engineer graduates from the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FSA) of the University of Abomey-Calavi, the oldest and the still most important high agricultural engineering education faculty of Benin. 510 agricultural engineer graduates from this faculty were surveyed via emails, phone calls, and face-to-face interviews. The gender and occupational integration data collected underwent frequency and percentage calculations, and the findings are presented in graphs and tables. Findings highlight that only about 1.8% of female and 6% of male agricultural engineer graduates of the studied faculty integrated agricultural entrepreneurship over the study period. 1.37% of other engineers tried out agricultural entrepreneurship before abandoning it. Thus, agricultural entrepreneurship is not yet an important employment solution for agricultural engineer graduates in Benin. Further conditions may be proposed to attract these professional graduates, whose presence in agricultural entrepreneurship could add more value to the quality and quantity of agricultural food supplied to consumers.
YAZMA ESER KAYNAKLI HALK ANLATILARINDA MASAL TÜRÜ TESPİTİ: “HİKÂYET-İ İBRÂHÎM ŞÂH”
Authors: Odaman Eren
Published: December 2023

Türk halk masallarını tespit için yapılan saha derleme çalışmaları ve bu derleme
çalışmalarından elde edilen masallar, on yıllardır arşivlenerek Türk masal külliyatını
oluşturmuştur. Saha derlemesi yöntemi, halk edebiyatı ürünlerinin tespiti için sıklıkla
kullanılan bir yöntem olsa da yalnızca sözlü kültür geleneği içerisinde bulunan masalların
tespiti için kullanılmaktadır. Sözlü gelenek içerisinde hâlen yaşayan veya gelenek içerisinde
takibi yapılamayan pek çok yazılı masal bulunmaktadır. Gerek Anadolu sahası gerek Anadolu
sahası dışındaki yazılı masal geleneği, en az sözlü kültür içerisinde yaşayan masal geleneği
kadar bir toplumun masal tabakasını oluşturan temel unsurlardan birisidir. Yazılı masal
geleneğinin derleme masallar dışında da tespit edilebileceği bir saha olan yazma eserler
içerisinde, masal türünün içerik ve şekil açısından değişimleri de yorumlanabilmektedir. Bu
açıdan yazma eserler içerisindeki masal türüne uygunluk gösteren anlatılar; masalın ilk şekli
olan urformun bulunması ya da varyant-versiyon araştırmalarında çeşitlilik yaratacak
metinlerin tespiti açısından önem arz eden bir konudur. Yazılı masal geleneğini oluşturan bu
masallar pek çok yazma eserin içerisinde bulunmakta ve araştırmacılar tarafından tespit
edilmeyi beklemektedir. İstanbul Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Kütüphanesi Şevket Rado
Yazmalarına SR_000114_05 demirbaş numarasıyla kayıtlı yazma eser içerisinde bulunan
Hikâyet-i İbrâhîm Şâh anlatısı da halk masallarına belli noktalardan uygunluk göstermektedir.
Bu makalede, yazılı masal geleneğine ait bir masal olduğu düşünülen Hikâyet-i İbrâhîm Şâh
anlatısının transkripsiyonlu metni ekseninde; halk hikâyesi, meddah hikâyesi ve masal
bütününde değerlendirmek ve ayırt edici özelliklerini ortaya koymak, Hikâyet-i İbrâhîm Şâh’ın
masal olup olmadığına dair tespitlerin tartışmasını yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu tartışmanın
sonucunda anlatı, hem transkripsiyonlu metin hem de orijinal metin olarak bilim dünyasına
tanıtılmıştır.
On the Origins of Mass
Authors: Szweizer Moshe , Schlagbaum Rivka
Published: December 2023

Probability, as manifested through entropy, is presented in this study as one of the most fundamental components of physical reality. It is demonstrated that the quantization of probability allows for the introduction of the mass phenomenon. In simple terms, gaps in probability impose resistance to change in movement, which observers experience as inertial mass. The model presented in the paper builds on two probability fields that are allowed to interact. The resultant probability distribution is quantized, producing discrete probability levels. Finally, a formula is developed that correlates the gaps in probability levels with physical mass. The model allows for the estimation of quark masses. The masses of the proton and neutron are arrived at with an error of under 0.04%. The masses of sigma baryons are calculated with an error between 0.2% and 0.05%. The W boson mass is calculated with an error of under 0.5%. The model explains why proton is stable while other baryons are not, and it gives an explanation of the origins and nature of dark matter. Throughout the text, the article illustrates that the approach required to describe the nature of mass is incompatible with the mathematical framework needed to explain other physical phenomena.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS WEB GOOGLE SITES PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA SEKOLAH DASAR MATERI SIFAT-SIFAT CAHAYA KELAS V
Authors: Ratno Suyit , Sijabat Melisa Pratiwi , Sitorus Lestari , Salsabilla Salsabilla , Batubara Alfredo , Nasution Nia Afrilda , Syazidah Hanna
Published: December 2023

This research aims to produce a product in the form of learning media, namely web-based learning media with Google Sites as a site creation tool. A validation test was carried out to assess the feasibility and quality of the Google Sites web-based learning media for grade V elementary school science learning. This type of research is development research (R&D) with the ADDIE model, consisting of five steps: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Data collection techniques involve observation or observations, and questionnaires. The results of the validation test by two validators, namely the media expert validator obtained an average percentage value of 67.5%, interpreted into the feasible category, and the material expert validator obtained an average percentage value of 100% in the very feasible category. Students' responses to the media achieved 100% results in the very appropriate category. And the teacher's response to learning media received a percentage score of 100% in the very appropriate category. Based on the data that has been obtained, it can be concluded that the Google Sites web-based learning media for grade V elementary school science learning is suitable for use in learning activities.
Comparative Rheological Investigation of Nanocomposites of Surface Charged Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Polyethylene Glycol
Authors: Javanbakht Taraneh
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on a new investigation of the rheological properties of the nanocomposites of surface charged superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol. Both studied nanocomposites showed the steady-state behavior at 20 °C and 40 °C. Moreover, the increase of viscosity versus shear strain, shear rate or time for the nanocomposites was small at 60 °C. The effect of the coating of nanoparticles with the polymer was comparable for different nanocomposites. The data presented in this paper can provide the required information for the preparation of assemblies of nanocomposites with polymers.
Reactive Magnetron Sputtering Control Based on an Analytical Condition of Stoichiometry
Authors: Madarász Róbert Rossi , Kelemen András
Published: December 2023

The conditions for stoichiometric thin film deposition by reactive magnetron sputtering include the existence of a given ratio between the flux of the sputtered metallic atoms and the flux of the reactive gas molecules on the surface of the substrate. To meet this condition, a relationship based on the Berg model is formulated between the partial pressure of the reactive gas, the target coverage, and the sputtering current density. Given that the target coverage can be estimated online from the sputtering voltage, it is possible to create a control structure where the reactive gas partial pressure is controlled to obtain stoichiometric thin film deposition. Simulation results are presented based on the dynamic model of the sputtering process.
Numerical Study of Bottom Shape Effect on the Mixing for Stirred Tank
Authors: Belhanafi Abdelghani , Baki Touhami
Published: December 2023

In this work, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to investigate the effect of the bottom shape on the flow field and mixing characteristics in an agitated vessel stirred by six-pitched blade turbine (PBT6). The simulation was based on the resolution of the Navier-Stokes equations using standard k-ε turbulence model. Hydrodynamic behavior of the stirred vessel with four types of bottom shapes was investigated, a flat bottom and three different semi-elliptical bottoms. The results show reasonably satisfactory agreement with the experimental data. The CFD simulation also showed that the semi-elliptical bottom shapes had a significant influence on the velocity profiles and on the turbulent kinetic energy distributions of the local flow generated at the bottom region of the vessel.
Construction Legislation – Current and Future in the Legal System of the Slovak Republic
Authors: Marišová Eleonóra , Hodossy Kristian , Mura Ladislav
Published: December 2023

The importance of addressing the effective functioning of competence execution in the construction sector primarily lies in its impact on the efficiency and quality of these competences. Currently, in Slovakia (SR), municipalities exercise the competences of spatial planning and building regulations within their transferred competence from the state. Through the government’s program statement for the years 2020–2024, the SR government committed to abolish municipal building authorities. With the new legislation that becomes effective on April 1, 2024, there will be a reverse transfer of construction competence from municipalities to state administration, to the newly created Office for Spatial Planning and Construction of the Slovak Republic and regional building authorities.The authors take a critical approach to the original construction legislation (de lege lata) as well as to the newly adopted laws on construction and spatial planning in terms of substantive and procedural provisions, noting the exclusion of the application of Administrative Code in spatial and building proceedings. Through our research on this issue, we suggest de lege ferenda two alternatives regarding the exercise of construction competences at the municipal and state levels and the preservation of dual jurisdiction in building proceedings according to the current administrative procedure.
Interpreting Convolutional Layers in DNN Model Based on Time–Frequency Representation of Emotional Speech
Authors: Smietanka Lukasz , Maka Tomasz
Published: December 2023

The paper describes the relations of speech signal representation in the layers of the convolutional neural network. Using activation maps determined by the Grad-CAM algorithm, energy distribution in the time–frequency space and their relationship with prosodic properties of the considered emotional utterances have been analysed. After preliminary experiments with the expressive speech classification task, we have selected the CQT-96 time–frequency representation. Also, we have used a custom CNN architecture with three convolutional layers in the main experimental phase of the study. Based on the performed analysis, we show the relationship between activation levels and changes in the voiced parts of the fundamental frequency trajectories. As a result, the relationships between the individual activation maps, energy distribution, and fundamental frequency trajectories for six emotional states were described. The results show that the convolutional neural network in the learning process uses similar fragments from time–frequency representation, which are also related to the prosodic properties of emotional speech utterances. We also analysed the relations of the obtained activation maps with time-domain envelopes. It allowed observing the importance of the speech signals energy in classifying individual emotional states. Finally, we compared the energy distribution of the CQT representation in relation to the regions’ energy overlapping with masks of individual emotional states. In the result, we obtained information on the variability of energy distributions in the selected signal representation speech for particular emotions.
Metrics for Assessing Generalization of Deep Reinforcement Learning in Parameterized Environments
Authors: Aleksandrowicz Maciej , Jaworek-Korjakowska Joanna
Published: December 2023

In this work, a study focusing on proposing generalization metrics for Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms was performed. The experiments were conducted in DeepMind Control (DMC) benchmark suite with parameterized environments. The performance of three DRL algorithms in selected ten tasks from the DMC suite has been analysed with existing generalization gap formalism and the proposed ratio and decibel metrics. The results were presented with the proposed methods: average transfer metric and plot for environment normal distribution. These efforts allowed to highlight major changes in the model’s performance and add more insights about making decisions regarding models’ requirements.
A Few-Shot Learning Approach for Covid-19 Diagnosis Using Quasi-Configured Topological Spaces
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Chunjie , Jiang Xin , Khishe Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Accurate and efficient COVID-19 diagnosis is crucial in clinical settings. However, the limited availability of labeled data poses a challenge for traditional machine learning algorithms. To address this issue, we propose Turning Point (TP), a few-shot learning (FSL) approach that leverages high-level turning point mappings to build sophisticated representations across previously labeled data. Unlike existing FSL models, TP learns using quasi-configured topological spaces and efficiently combines the outputs of diverse TP learners. We evaluated TPFSL using three COVID-19 datasets and compared it with seven different benchmarks. Results show that TPFSL outperformed the top-performing benchmark models in both one-shot and five-shot tasks, with an average improvement of 4.50% and 4.43%, respectively. Additionally, TPFSL significantly outperformed the ProtoNet benchmark by 12.966% and 11.033% in one-shot and five-shot classification problems across all datasets. Ablation experiments were also conducted to analyze the impact of variables such as TP density, network topology, distance measure, and TP placement. Overall, TPFSL has the potential to improve the accuracy and speed of diagnoses for COVID-19 in clinical settings and can be a valuable tool for medical professionals.
Corroborating Corpus Data with Elicited Introspection Data: A Case Study
Authors: Horsch Jakob
Published: December 2023

The last decades have seen an exponential growth of corpus sizes. This development has been driven by a desire to investigate rare syntactic phenomena, but issues remain: Corpora are by definition finite samples, but language is by definition infinite, leading to the negative data problem (‘absence of evidence is not evidence of absence’). One solution is corroborating corpus data with elicited introspection data that is obtained in a reliable, valid, and objective way. I present a case study to show how this can be done using the Magnitude Estimation Test (MET) method (Hoffmann 2013). Analyzing elicited data from 37 L1 English speakers, I show that introspective data can complement corpus data and lead to interesting new findings.
Expressing Measure in Czech (A Corpus-Based Study)
Authors: Mikulová Marie
Published: December 2023

In the contribution, we provide a theory-based and corpus-verified description of expressions for measure in Czech. We demonstrate that the measure expressions may modify quantity of entities (approximately ten boys), internal characteristics of events (he works a lot), properties (very big) and relations (completely without sound). We distinguish between the measure expressions that are an answer to the question To what extent? (Extent-modifiers) and expressions that modify an answer to the question How many? (Quantity-modifiers). The Extent-modifiers are formally, structurally and semantically more diverse than the Quantity-modifiers. For the Quantity-modifiers a list of forms and functions is provided. Theoretical knowledge stemming from the analysis will subsequently be used to improve the annotation in the Prague Dependency Treebanks. It can be also useful for other semantically-oriented descriptions of language.
Errors in the Congruent Attribute Among Students Learning Slovak as a Foreign Language (Learner Corpus -Based )
Authors: Gajdošová Katarína , Mošaťová Michaela , Švancarová Petra
Published: December 2023

This paper analyses error rates in the congruent attribute in texts written by students learning Slovak as a foreign language. The material, which was qualitatively analysed, comes from the pilot version of the learner corpus errkorp-pilot. The paper defines the most common types of errors in the congruent attribute and interprets the causes of their origin. The most common errors include the wrong congruence with the grammatical gender and with the case of the defining noun. Errors are usually caused by the following factors: transfer from the L1 language, excessive generalization of the rule in the target language, or insufficient knowledge of the grammatical rule.
Annotation of Analytic Verb Forms in Czech – Complex Cases
Authors: Petkevič Vladimír , Skoumalová Hana
Published: December 2023

The article deals with complex cases of determining the attribute verbtag, which contains the values of morphosyntactic categories of analytic verb forms. The latest corpora of contemporary written Czech from the SYN series are tagged with this attribute. In this paper, we focus on cases where it is difficult to identify values of verbtag categories. These include, e.g. the identification of the auxiliary verb být ‘to be’, recognition of the mood and tense of coordinated participles, or determining the number in compound forms in which the individual parts have a different morphological number. Some of the problems are of a theoretical nature, since it is not clear what the correct solution should be. Here we have arbitrarily opted for one option that was offered. Other problems are due to imperfections in the algorithms we use for annotation. The solution here is to improve these algorithms.
Lemmatization of the DIA1900 Diachronic Corpus
Authors: Benešová Lucie , Pivoňková Klára , Stluka Martin
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on the process of lemmatization of the upcoming Czech diachronic corpus of the second half of the 19th century, DIA1900. The article describes different approaches to the corpus lemmatization of synchronic written, spoken and diachronic corpora within the Czech National Corpus project, including single- and multilevel lemmatization and available tools used to link the variants.
Use of Computer and Corpus Tols in the Research of a 19th Century German -Language Manuscript Bok of Notes and Extracts
Authors: Braxatoris Martin , Braxatorisová Anita
Published: December 2023

The study explores the possibilities of using computer and corpus tools in the interpretation of texts of the genre of book of notes and extracts; these are documents consisting of extracts and modified excerpts from contemporary press and literature, records of the author’s own thoughts, etc. Samuel Ferjenčík’s manuscript is a Germanlanguage document by a Slovak author intended for private use; cited or adapted passages are usually given without any reference to the source. The paper introduces the problems of automatic identification of the source base, which relate to the application of OCR and content similarity detection tools. It discusses the results of text matching, which revealed several manipulations of source texts, especially substitutions, indicating attitudes and priority problems in the author’s thought-world. It further interprets the results of the use of the Sketch Engine corpus manager tools by which the frequency of occurrence of key terms and their collocability were investigated, paying special attention to substituted words. The paper is an example of the application of computer and corpus-linguistics methods to the interpretation of literary texts, which is represented by a number of current studies in the field of digital humanities. The proposed approaches are applicable to research on other books of notes and extracts, topical in the context of research trends related to egodocuments, as well as to textual research on monu ments of other genres.
Is it Possible to Re-Educate Roberta? Expert-Driven Machine Learning for Punctuation Correction
Authors: Machura Jakub , Žižková Hana , Frémund Adam , Švec Jan
Published: December 2023

Although Czech rule-based tools for automatic punctuation insertion rely on extensive grammar and achieve respectable precision, the pre-trained Transformers outperform rule-based systems in precision and recall (Machura et al. 2022). The Czech pre-trained RoBERTa model achieves excellent results, yet a certain level of phenomena is ignored, and the model partially makes errors. This paper aims to investigate whether it is possible to retrain the RoBERTa language model to increase the number of sentence commas the model correctly detects. We have chosen a very specific and narrow type of sentence comma, namely the sentence comma delimiting vocative phrases, which is clearly defined in the grammar and is very often omitted by writers. The chosen approaches were further tested and evaluated on different types of texts.
Slovak Question Answering Dataset Based on the Machine Translation of the Squad V2.0
Authors: Staš Ján , Hládek Daniel , Koctúr Tomáš
Published: December 2023

This paper describes the process of building the first large-scale machinetranslated question answering dataset SQuAD-sk for the Slovak language. The dataset was automatically translated from the original English SQuAD v2.0 using the Marian neural machine translation together with the Helsinki-NLP Opus English-Slovak model. Moreover, we proposed an effective approach for the approximate search of the translated answer in the translated paragraph based on measuring their similarity using their word vectors. In this way, we obtained more than 92% of the translated questions and answers from the original English dataset. We then used this machine-translated dataset to train the Slovak question answering system by fine-tuning monolingual and multilingual BERT-based language models. The scores achieved by EM = 69.48% and F1 = 78.87% for the fine-tuned mBERT model show comparable results of question answering with recently published machinetranslated SQuAD datasets for other European languages.
Acute epistaxis management by hemostatic agents a systematic review
Authors: Khurmi Ahmed , Alsamih Mohammed , Alhejji Khalid , Hamoud Fatima , Obaidi Eman , Salat Fatima , Jama Duaa , Tashkandi Ruba , Algannas Turki , Alanazi Abdulaziz
Published: December 2023

Background: When compared to nasal packing, the data shows that hemostatic medications are more successful in controlling acute epistaxis. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of topical hemostats in the treatment of epistaxis.
Method: Four databases were searched thoroughly for literature. Only admissible observational studies were included. Information retrieved from eight studies included the following: country, rate of short-term and 30-day hemostatic control, patient-reported outcome measures, adverse events, sample size, intervention, treating method, and length of stay in hospital.
Results: Eight papers were included in the review when it reached the second stage and satisfied the qualifying requirements. A total of 268 individuals were involved in three cohort and five case series investigations; 232 of them received absorbable intranasal medications. Two investigations on oxidized cellulose compounds and 5 studies on agents that promote the common coagulation pathway were presented. While oxidized regenerated cellulose was inserted endoscopically on the bleeding site in one trial and sutured to the nasal septum in another study, the earlier medicines were applied intranasally. Successful short-term hemostasis was attained in 80% to 100% of patients in 7 out of 8 trials. Patients treated with oxidized regenerated cellulose had considerably lower pain scores than those treated with nasal packing. There were no negative effects linked to the use of intranasal agents in any of the investigations.
Conclusion: When compared to nasal packing, the data shows that hemostatic medications are more successful in controlling acute epistaxis.
The Role of Rustavi-2 TV Channel in the Preparation and Implementation of the "Rose Revolution" in Georgia
Authors: Naumov Alexander Olegovich , Naumova Anastasiya Yur'evna
Published: December 2023

The object of the proposed study is the "rose revolution" in Georgia – the first coup d'etat in the former USSR, carried out with the help of "soft power" technologies. The object of the study is the activity of the opposition TV channel "Rustavi-2" during the preparation and implementation of this "color revolution". The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as the emergence of the Rustavi-2 TV channel, its connection with foreign non-governmental organizations, the specifics of the information policy of this media. Special attention is paid to the tactics and strategy of the Rustavi-2 TV channel during the struggle against the regime of Eduard Shevardnadze at various stages of its operation, from the initial stage and up to the active phase of the "rose revolution". The study of the place and role of Rustavi-2 in the implementation of the first "color revolution" in the post-Soviet space in Russian historiography is carried out for the first time. Based on the analysis of the rich empirical material, the authors of the study conclude that the Rustavi-2 TV channel was a consistent opponent of the ruling regime and was one of the key actors of the "rose revolution". This was especially true of his activities in the framework of mobilizing the protest electorate, bringing to the Georgian audience information about falsifications of the results of parliamentary elections, which became the trigger for the beginning of the active phase of the "color revolution", as well as active information support for the political opposition and the youth movement "Kmara".
Problems of Reading the Text of Xylograph D-86 “Samseolgi jung”
Authors: Anofrieva D. S.
Published: December 2023

The Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM RAS) has more than 100,000 manuscripts and xylographs in 60 Oriental languages. The Korean fund represents a small part of this collection, however the unique works of Korean culture stored in the IOM RAS are of interest to both researchers from the Republic of Korea and local Russian scientists. The article describes the difficulties of reading the text of the D-86 xylograph "Samseolgi jung" from the Manuscript Collection of the IOM RAS. The work highlights the main problems that a researcher may encounter when working with similar medieval sources of Korean culture written in the Korean alphabet (in Hangul). The author of the article analyzes some features of the Modern Korean language revealed in this xylograph and describes its differences from the language of the 15th century and from Contemporary Korean, using the study of texts written in Hangul in different centuries for comparison. Commented examples of the old orthography and different spelling variations of the same word are used to illustrate the peculiarities in the language of the source. This article also describes the features of writing the graphics of the text of the 19th century, which were not previously covered (in particular, the symbol of repetition of the previous syllable, which in its graphic form and function is similar to the repetition sign used in the Chinese language, and the abbreviation sign of the median predicative affix 고 /go/).
XII International Scientific Conference “Ancient Cultures of Mongolia, Baikal and Southern Siberia, and Northern China”
Authors: Varenov A. V.
Published: December 2023

A report on the XII International scientific conference “Ancient Cultures of Mongolia, Baikal and Southern Siberia, and Northern China” held in Irkutsk by Irkutsk State University from September 25 to September 30 2023 is presented. Brief descriptions of the papers presented are given.
On the Problem of Dian Settlements
Authors: Komissarov S. A. , Solovyev A. I.
Published: December 2023

This article presents data on the search and study of settlement complexes of the Dian Kingdom in the areas around Lake Dianchi in the Yunnan Province. Several relatively large settlements were identified, with small satellite villages adjacent to them. Their inhabitants were used as a labour resource for growing grain, collecting freshwater shellfish, processing metals and other economic activities to serve the elite, which indicate the existence of a social hierarchy in the Dian Kingdom. However, the problem of finding political and cultural centres (capitals) remains, since powerful defensive structures, monumental religious and palace buildings, market areas, and craft districts have not yet been discovered in any of the studied settlements. The Hebosuo site, located only 750 m from the richest necropolis of Shizhaishan with the graves of the wang-rulers, is supposed to be the most likely capital centre, since seals’ clay impressions of major officials of the Dian state were found on its territory. Among the unique discoveries is a cemetery of ossuaries with infant burials, which seems to be a special section of the Shizhaishan necropolis. Another candidate for capital status is the Shangxihe site, also located just 1.5 km from the Shizhaishan necropolis. There, during preliminary excavations, 42 house foundations, several hundred utility pits, among other things, as well as a defensive ditch were discovered. Undoubtedly, this is quite a large urban-type settlement, but it also lacks the characteristics of a political and economic centre listed above. There is also no exact information about its planography and chronology. Therefore, the final question of the capital status of this or that settlement can only be resolved in the course of further large-scale excavations
Kâsımî’nin Derlediği Şiir Mecmuasında Kendisine Ait Şiirler
Authors: İçli Ahmet
Published: December 2023

Derleme niteliği taşıyan mecmualar arasında şiir mecmualarının önemli bir yeri vardır. Bir şair veya birçok şairden şiir seçkisi mahiyetindeki bu eserlerin antolojik eser olarak nitelendirilmesi mümkündür. Şiir mecmualarının, şiirin/eserin yazıldığı dönemin bir aynası olmak kadar, derlendiği dönemin de aynası olma özellikleri vardır. Şairlerin yaşadıkları dönemin bir yansıtıcısı oldukları düşünüldüğünde, derleyicilerin önemi de gün yüzüne çıkar. Şiir mecmualarının bir kısmı benzer şiir taşımak yönüyle de önem arz eder ki aynı algı ve hayalleri barındıran şiirlerin bir arada bulunması adına kayda değerdir. Bu bağlamda şiir mecmualarının, dönemin yönelimlerini, halkların zevklerini ve dünyaya bakış açılarını, sosyal ve siyasal durumları yansıtması açısından önemli oldukları söylenebilir. Farklı disiplinlere veri sunma özelliklerinin yanı sıra şiir mecmuaları, asıl disiplini olan dil, dil tarihi, edebiyat ve edebiyat tarihine de doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak katkı sağlar. Şiir mecmualarının öncelikle, sanatçı, muhteva ve biçim yönüyle edebiyatın gelişmişlik düzeyini ortaya koymaları yönlerinden bahsedilebilir. Edebiyat tarihi kaynaklarında adına rastlanmayan kimi sanatçıların mecmualarda yer bulması mümkündür. Kimi şairlerin daha önce varlığı bilinmeyen şiirlerine de aynı şekilde şiir mecmuaları vesilesiyle ulaşılabilir. Şiir mecmuaları, hem şairlerin kendileri hem de şiirleri hakkında yeni bilgi ve belge niteliği taşıyabilir. Bu özellikleriyle şiir mecmuaları, öncelikle edebiyat tarihine doğrudan katkı sağlayan kaynak niteliğinde eserler olarak değerlendirilebilirler. Edebiyat tarihimizde farklı derleme özellikleri gösteren, derleyeni belli olan ve/veya belli olmayan birçok şiir mecmuasından bahsedilebilir. Bunlardan biri, yazım tarihi ve derleyicisi belli olan Sandukatu’l-Maarif olarak da adlandırılan Kasımî Mecmuası’dır. Bu mecmuada derleyicinin kendisine ait şiirleri de mevcuttur. Bu şiirler, öncül edebiyat tarihi kaynaklarında adına rastlanmayan Kâsımî’nin hayatına dair önemli veriler sunma özelliği taşırlar. Bu makalede, mecmua hakkında kısa bilgiler verildikten sonra, Kâsımî’ye ait bilgilere ve Kâsımî’nin Türkçe şiirlerinin Arap harflerinden Latin harflerine aktarımına yer verilmiştir.
The role of walnuts (Canarium indicum L.) towards reducing blood cholesterol
levels in hyperlipidemic
Authors: Sukmawati  , Sirajuddin  , Rauf S.
Published: December 2023

Hyperlipidemia is a cardiovascular disease that causes about 18% of cerebrovascular
disease and about 56% of heart disease worldwide. High cholesterol levels lead to
accumulation of cholesterol. Walnuts have the potential to lower cholesterol levels. The
purpose of this study was to measure the effect of walnut consumption in hyperlipidemic
patients on lowering cholesterol. This is an experimental research with pre-post test
control group design. The research sample in the first year was mothers who had blood
cholesterol levels of 200 mg/dl (hypercholesterolemia). A total of fifty (50) mothers
consisting of 2 (two) groups, with 25 mothers as the treatment group and 25 mothers as
the control group. Statistical analysis using test paired t-test was used to see the difference
in the cholesterol levels before and after the intervention of each group. Cholesterol levels
in the treatment group decreased from 242.60 mg/dl to 208.12 mg/dl and in the control
group from 248.60 mg/dl to 243.16 mg/dl. The results of the paired T-Test analysis in the
treatment group showed a value of p = 0.00 meaning that there was a significant
difference in cholesterol levels before and after the intervention in the treatment group. In
the control group the value of p = 0.75 means that there is no significant difference in
cholesterol levels in the control group. Feeding 50 grams/day walnuts for 8 weeks give
effect to significant reduction of cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic mothers.
Weaning and nutritional status of under-three children
Authors: Labatjo R.
Published: December 2023

The duration of weaning can be influential to malnutrition in children. The proper
weaning duration, supported with appropriate provision of solid food (in terms of the
amount and types of food), contribute positively towards the children’s growth and
development. The present study was aimed to investigate the correlation of weaning
duration and the determinants with infants’ and under-three children’s nutritional status in
Siduan sub-district, Paguat district, Pohuwato regency. The research employed descriptive
methods and involved the following variables: weaning duration, nutritional status,
education level, sociocultural perspectives on weaning, and economic level. The
purposive sampling technique was involved to acquire the sample of mothers with infants
and under-three children undergoing weaning period; the samples consisted of 39
children: seven infants and 32 under-three children. The implementation and the duration
of weaning in most samples in the research site were considered as appropriate in
accordance to the WHO recommendation. The determinant factors of the weaning
duration involved reasoning of weaning, sociocultural aspect, education aspect, level of
economy, and mothers’ activities. The children’s nutritional status was described as
follows: the percentage of infants having overweight, healthy weight, and underweight
status were 28.6% each, while severely underweight infants 14.2%. Moreover, 25% of the
under-three children had healthy weight, while 59.4% of the children were underweight
and 15.6% were severely underweight. Proper weaning duration is not an absolute
determinant factor of infants’ and children’s nutritional status. However, the appropriate
implementation of weaning is proven useful to promote children’s nutritional status.
PARACLINICAL STUDIES OF PATEX COATING FOR DENTAL IMPLANTS
Authors: S.V. Novikov , I.D. Tamazov , P.A. Topoljanskij , A.P. Topoljanskij
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the application of thin-film biocompatible coatings technology for dental implantation systems is considered. The choice of a chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process for applying a biocompatible Pateks glass-ceramic coating (SiOCN system) in a clinical setting has been substantiated and developed. The equipment used for this purpose is small-sized and low-energy intensive. The presented studies of Patek-coated dental implants substantiate the possibility of its application in a clinical setting.
EXPERIENCE IN ISOLATION OF LUTEOLIN FROM ORIGANUM VULGARE HERB
Authors: N.S. Poturaev , Z.V. Kasyanov , D.K. Vshivkov , I.G. Mokrushin , E.A. Nepogodina
Published: December 2023

Due to economic conditions, today the purchase of reference materials from abroad is expensive, and domestic production is low and also expensive. The purpose of this study is to develop a method for isolating luteolin from Origanum vulgare (oregano). The raw material for this work was a sample of oregano herb, collected in 2022 in the Perm krai. The herb extract was obtained with 60% ethyl alcohol. The extract is a dark greenish-brown crystalline powder with a specific aromatic odor. Chloroform and hexane were used to purify the dry extract from nonpolar compounds. Diethyl ether was used to extract luteolin. This choice was justified by the fact that chloroform and hexane well remove non-polar, lipophilic compounds contained in the dry extract, and methoxylated aglycone flavonoids can also dissolve in chloroform. Diethyl ether was chosen because only aglycone flavonoids are soluble in it. Separated using a solvent system, butanol – acetic acid – water (4:1:2). The equipment used was a chromatographic column with a diameter of 10 mm, a vacuum pump. In the course of the study, we proposed the following scheme for the separation of substances, divided into 3 stages: 1st stage is purification of dry extract from non-polar (lipophilic) compounds; 2nd stage is extraction of aglycone flavonoid (luteolin) into diethyl ether; 3rd stage is separation of substances that passed into diethyl ether on a chromatographic column. According to the quality control of the progress of work, namely TLC and NMR spectroscopy, one can note the likely suitability of the developed method for the isolation of luteolin from the extract of oregano herb.
DRUG STABILITY STUDY BASED ON L-DOPA
Authors: A.N. Pavlov , G.E. Brkich , N.V. Pyatigorskaya , O.A. Zyryanov
Published: December 2023

The quality, pharmacological activity and safety of medicinal products during storage directly depend on their ability to maintain properties within the limits established by regulatory documentation for a certain period under proper storage and transportation conditions, i.e. from its stability. Stability is one of the key requirements for medicines. Stability data are an integral part of the registration dossier. Based on the results of the stability study, the expiration date is determined, the materials used and the type of primary and secondary packaging are selected, the storage conditions of the medicinal product are determined, which are indicated in the regulatory documentation and in the instructions for medical use, and also placed on the packaging. Moreover, in the process of pharmaceutical development, the stage of stability studies can serve as the final element in the selection of drug candidates in order to select the optimal composition and conduct further research.
As a result of the study of the stability of 3 series of different composition of nasal drops of a drug based on DOPA-PC, which is a pharmaceutical composition containing an amino acid (3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, levodopa, L-DOPA) as an active ingredient, distributed in a polymer matrix based on a biodegradable copolymer of lactic/glycolic acids (polylactide glycolide, PLGA 50/50), the optimal composition of the drug was selected, the quality indicators of which did not go beyond the requirements of the draft specification. The shelf life of drugs of "accelerated aging" was calculated at a temperature 5 ± 3 °C, which was 3 years.
Deviations of quality indicators from the draft specification at a storage temperature of 25 ± 2 °C in a series of samples of the drug were observed from the 6th month, which guarantees stability for up to six months if the temperature regime is violated by 5 ± 3 °C. The results obtained during this experiment will be taken into account in the development of the drug specification.
THE PROFESSIONAL REHABILITATION OF AMPUTEES OF EXTREMITIES IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF INTEGRATION IN SOCIETY
Authors: D.V. Lozowicki , N.A. Martynova , A.G. Kalinin , R.V. Kubasov , A.L. Sannikov
Published: December 2023

Current: the primary task of any state is to take care of its citizens; among them, a special place is occupied by people with disabilities who have arisen for various reasons. The number of disabled people on average varies from 5 to 10% of the total population and depends on the territory of residence. All over the world, including in the Russian Federation, there are and actively implemented programs for an accessible environment for people with disabilities. However, the problem of their social rehabilitation remains quite acute. The aim of this study was identification of factors affecting the work activity of disabled people with amputated limbs of working age and the possibility of their integration into society. Materials and methods. An investigation was conducted among people with amputated lower limbs. The structure of the causes of disability, gender and age characteristics, medical and rehabilitation measures were studied, and a survey was conducted on the possibility of continuing work. The results of the study and their discussion. The leading diseases that led to amputation of the lower extremities were a combination of vascular atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and concomitant pathology of the musculoskeletal system. With age, the percentage of disability increases. Most patients receive adequate treatment in accordance with the available standards and adequate prosthetics. As a social rehabilitation and integration into society, mostly patients consider continuing their work. However, there are a lot of problems for its implementation: the need for retraining and obtaining a new profession, working conditions, transport costs, work at enterprises located far from home, lack of vacancies, difficulties communicating with the team, etc. At the same time, many people who want to work do not have the opportunity to realize themselves in this. Conclusion. People with disabilities due to amputation of the lower extremities require special social attention. Solving the problems of their vocational rehabilitation and employment requires a comprehensive approach on the part of government agencies, the disabled themselves and society as a whole.