bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LİMAN PERFORMANS DEĞERLENDİRMESİ VE KRİTERLERİ
Authors: ÇELİK Yeliz , BAŞARICI Ahmet Selçuk
Published: December 2021

Dünya ticaretinin hızlı yükselişi ile beraber ülkeler limanlarını çağın gerekliliklerine göre uyarlamaya çalışmış, teknolojilerinin güncellenmesini sağlayarak liman altyapılarına önem vermeye başlamıştır. Limanlarının performansını etkileyen iç ve dış faktörlerin tespitini yaparak olumsuzlukları giderip, gelişimi artırma yönünde yapılan çalışmalara hız vermiştir. Bu sebeple de liman performans değerlendirmesi, literatürde son yıllarda önemsenen bir konu haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde operasyonel boyuttan çıkarak birden fazla kavramın bir araya gelmesi sonucu çok boyutlu bir hale bürünmüştür. Rekabet edilebilirliği artıran bu kavram her alanda çeşitli disiplinler tarafından sürekli araştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmalar sonucunda bu konu ile alakalı çeşitli tanımlamalar ve açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Bu disiplin çeşitliliği sonucunda konu farklı yorumladığı için kavram karışıklıkları oluşmuş ve tanımlar birbiri içerisine girmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı liman performans değerlendirmesi kavramını ve ölçütlerini incelemek, etkinlik ve verimlilik kavramlarının tanımsal farkları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Etkinlik ve verimlilik ölçüm yöntemlerini araştırmak, literatürde yer alan ve bu kavramları kapsayan liman performans değerlendirme çalışmalarının irdelenmesini sağlamaktır. Yapılan akademik çalışmalar, makaleler ve yayınlar araştırılıp incelenmiş ve kapsamları analiz edilmiştir.
LOJİSTİKTE DIŞ KAYNAK KULLANIMI, LOJİSTİK MALİYETLER VE FİNANSAL PERFORMANS ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN ANALİZİ
Authors: İRAK Gülay , ARSLANTÜRK Feyzanur
Published: December 2021

Küreselleşmeyle birlikte artan lojistik faaliyetler, işletmelerde bu faaliyetlerin maliyetlerinin etkin yönetimini daha da önemli kılmıştır. İşletmelerde lojistik maliyetlerini diğer faaliyet maliyetlerinden ayrı olarak raporlamak, hem maliyetlerin planlamasını hem de kontrolünü kolaylaştırmıştır. Ayrıca lojistik maliyetlerin yönetiminde modern maliyet yönetim tekniklerinden yararlanılması gerek maliyet planlamasında gerekse maliyetlerin en doğru biçimde hesaplanmasında etkili olmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra lojistik faaliyetlerde dış kaynak kullanımı işletmelere hem maliyetler açısından hem de işletmelerin faaliyetlerinin devamlılığı açısından avantaj sağlamıştır. Böylece gerek lojistik faaliyetlerde dış kaynak kullanımı, gerekse maliyet yönetiminde modern tekniklerden yararlanmak, işletmelerde etkin lojistik maliyet yönetimini sağlamıştır. Etkin lojistik maliyet yönetimi de firmaların finansal performansını olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Çalışmada dış kaynak kullanımı, lojistik maliyetler ve finansal performans arasındaki ilişkinin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle Gebze Organize Sanayii Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren işletmelere online anket uygulanmıştır. Anketin verileri SPSS 26.0 ve Smart PLS 3.3 programlarıyla analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda dış kaynak kullanımı ile lojistik maliyetler, lojistik maliyetler ile finansal performans arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca işletmelerde dış kaynak kullanımının lojistik maliyetlerde ki değişimin yüzde 33’ünü açıkladığı, lojistik maliyetlerin ise finansal performansda ki değişimin yüzde 19’unu açıkladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Integrated control system of segetal vegetation in winter wheat crops in Forest-Steppe conditions
Authors: Ptashnik M.M. , Zaiats P.S. , Dudnyk S.V. , Brukhal F.J. , Oksimets O.L.
Published: December 2021

As a result of many years of research in a stationary field experiment conducted in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe on Gray forest large-sawn light loamy soil, the regularities of the influence of methods of its main cultivation, doses and terms of herbicide application on the level of contamination of crops with segetal vegetation and the competitiveness of winter wheat in short-term crop rotation were established.It was found that the competitive pressure of weeds on winter wheat both for plowing and flat–cutting loosening to a depth of 20–22 cm was minimal and amounted to 6.9–13.2%, and the crop pressure on weed cenosis was noted in the range of 81.5–84.8%. The use of a herbicide based on D. R. prosulfuron (750 g/kg) increased this indicator to 90%.With flat-cutting loosening, the potential contamination of the upper 0–5-centimeter layer of soil, from which the bulk of weeds germinate, in the crops of the studied crop was 31.3–31.8% higher compared to plowing. Indicators of potential contamination and the rate of germination of weed seeds with this method of basic tillage caused a high level of actual weediness of winter wheat crops in a short-term crop rotation. However, systematic tillage without layer turnover ensured gradual self-cleaning of the lower part of the arable soil layer from weed seeds.The highest yield of winter wheat 6.11 t/ha of grain was obtained during plowing and the autumn period of application of the herbicide based on D. R. prosulfuron (750 g/kg) at a rate of 20 g/ha in the development phase of the BBCH 11–13. The use of the herbicide in autumn compared to spring periods provided an increase in the grain yield by 0.24–0.54 t/ha for plowing and by 0.48–0.64 t/ha for non – polar cultivation.Economically, the most appropriate technology for controlling segetal vegetation in winter wheat crops is recognized, which provides for plowing to a depth of 20–22 cm as the main tillage with the introduction of N80P60K80 and earning by-products of its predecessors into the soil. To increase the effectiveness of crop contamination control in the integrated plant protection system, it is also proposed to use autumn application of a herbicide based on D. R. prosulfuron (750 g/kg) at a dose of 20 g/ha in the phase of 2–3 leaves in the culture.
Ways to increase bean productivity and quality with different growing technologies
Authors: Kaminskyі V. F. , Dvoretska S.P. , Karazhbey T.V. , Shevchuk M.I.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the research was: to study ways to increase the productivity of beans by combining in a single process fertilizer, pre-sowing seed treatment with drugs based on an active strain of nodule bacteria, growth stimulants of biological origin, micronutrients in the form of negligence. Methods. The research program included: phenological observations of plant development (development phases and stages of organogenesis), morphological - on the formation of elements of productivity, leaf apparatus and duration of its functioning, morphophysiological - on the dynamics of development of productivity elements, the formation of productive potential. Results. The article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of mineral fertilizers, growth stimulants and microfertilizers to increase the productivity of beans and its quality. It is established that the maximum yield of beans - 2.81 t / ha (in 2018 3.30 t / ha) at the level of absolute control, respectively 1.05 t / ha was formed on the option, which involves the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of P60K60 + N30 + N30 kg / ha d.r., sowing of seeds treated with a strain of nodule bacteria BTU - p and joint treatment of crops with growth stimulants in the physique of branching and budding with microfertilizers in the budding phase. The maximum increase in yield was 0.92 t / ha, and 0.86 t / ha from the application of fertilizers was obtained with the application of P60K60 + N30 + N15 and P 0 K0 + N30 + N30, with the control of 1.05 t / ha. Pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with a strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria BTU-r provided an increase in yield - 0.24 - 0.39 t / ha. The use of growth stimulator in the technology of cultivation provided an increase in crop productivity by 1.04 t / ha on the background without seed inoculation, with inoculation - 2.22 t / ha compared to the absolute control (1.05 t / ha). Co-application of growth stimulant with microfertilizers on crops yielded 2.41 t / ha with a protein content of 20.39%.
History of organic development and implementation Agricultural production
Authors: Martyniuk I.V. , Tsimbal Ya.S. , Zadubinna E.V.
Published: December 2021

Leaders of the agro-industrial complex of various forms of economic ownership must remember that the Earth is the main bioresource of mankind. Industrial, biological (organic) and ecological systems of agriculture are now introduced. The first in this list is used for 90 % of arable land. As the agricultural sector cannot immediately abandon the industrial system of agriculture, softened options for its biological direction must be developed.The information on development and introduction of systems of organic production in agro-industrial production which was formed in the world and in Ukraine during the last decades is generalized. The dependence of the distribution of organic production on the development of productive forces and production relations is revealed.The organization of ecologically balanced crop rotations with optimal saturation, ratio and location of crops should be soil-ecological approach, which combines all biological factors of agriculture and aims to ensure the rational use of land resources, soil protection and the environment.The structure of short-rotation crop rotations with 100 % saturation with grain crops (winter-wheat peas-corn for spring-barley grain) with the use of organic fertilization systems in conditions of unstable moisture of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe was developed, and the study of 3 fundamentally new models was developed and started. crop rotations with saturation of cereals, cereals and legumes (soybean-spring wheat-buckwheat; soybean-spring-wheat millet), which under different fertilizer systems (by-products of predecessors, green manures, biofertilizers and their complexes) will provide a sufficiently high yield of ecological high quality grains will contribute to the gradual growth of natural fertility of chernozems of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.The studied short-rotation crop rotations in the conditions of climate change will ensure the yield of high-quality ecological grain at the level of 3.5-4.5 t/ha of crop rotation area.
A Study on English Collocation Errors of Thai EFL Students
Authors: Boonraksa Thidakul , Naisena Suparvadee
Published: December 2021

Collocation is an often-neglected language form that foreign language teachers and students should focus on to achieve competence in a target language. In this research, the researchers studied purposely to facilitate both second language teachers and students to produce correct and appropriate collocations. The purposes of this research were 1) to study the collocation error levels of Bachelor of Arts English and Business English students studying at Northern Rajabhat University, 2) to study the relationship between first language (L1) and second language (L2) transfer collocation errors in students’ writing, and 3) to compare the collocation errors between high-proficiency students, medium- proficiency students and low-proficiency students. The research sample included 285 Thai EFL students enrolled in second-year English and Business English programs at Northern Rajabhat University during the first semester of the academic year 2021. The research instrument was a collocation proficiency test with 54 questions, which was divided into 2 sections: 1) 36 questions with 4 multiple-choice tests, and 2) 18 Thai to English translation questions. The items were chosen from the Oxford 3000™, and were common vocabulary appearing in various contexts. Research data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test (Dependent), and Friedman test.

The research found that 1) the level of Grammatical Collocation errors of high-proficiency EFL students was at a moderate level, medium-proficiency and low-proficiency EFL students were at a high level, and for Lexical Collocation errors, all three groups of students were at a high level; 2) the EFL students’collocation errors were caused by the language transfer from their first language (L1) to their second language (L2), synonyms, and lack of collocation competency; and 3) the most Lexical Collocation errors found in all student groups were Adverb + Adjective. For Grammatical Collocation, all groups could use Verb + Preposition better than Noun + Preposition, and the high proficiency and medium proficiency students could perform Adjective + Preposition the least, whilst the low proficiency students were better at Adjective + Preposition.

 
ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR PHYSICAL PREPARATION AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE IN POWER LIFTERS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS OF HIGH QUALIFICATION
Authors:   Lavov State University of Physical Culture named after Ivan Boberskyi, Lavov, Ukraine, Roztorhui Mariia , Perederiy Alina ,   Lavov State University of Physical Culture named after Ivan Boberskyi, Lavov, Ukraine, Khimenes Khrystyna ,   Lavov State University of Physical Culture named after Ivan Boberskyi, Lavov, Ukraine, Tovstonoh Olexandr ,   Lavov State University of Physical Culture named after Ivan Boberskyi, Lavov, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Systematic overload, which is a training characteristic of powerlifters with visual impairments of high qualification has a negative impact on the functioning of body systems and the course of the underlying and comorbidities. This determines the relevance of the scientific substantiation of training programs for athletes with visual impairments as the most important component of ensuring the achievement of sports results in powerlifting. This study aimed to experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of the impact of various training programs on physical fitness and athletic performance of powerlifters with visual impairments of high qualification. To solve the goal we used methods of analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment and methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 16 visually impaired athletes who were members of the national powerlifting team. The pedagogical experiment was based on testing the effectiveness of two training programs, which differed in the parameters of the load components in the annual training and macrocycle periods. After the pedagogical experiment, the experimental group showed reliable indicators of growth on all tests and improvement of sports results, and athletes of the control group increased physical fitness in three tests out of five and sports results are available only in squat and bench press. In both groups, the highest growth rates in the level of development of physical qualities were found in tests aimed at determining the level of development of strength and flexibility. Comparing the results of the introduction of various training programs in the training process of powerlifters with visual impairments, we can conclude that the performance of the experimental group is much higher than among the powerlifters of the control group.
UTICAJ COVID 19 NA MORFOLOŠKI I KARDIOVASKULARNI STATUS PROFESIONALNIH RUKOMETAŠA
Authors:   Fakultet za fizičku kulturu i menadžment u sportu, Univerzitet Singidunum, Beograd, Srbija, Gadžić Aleksandar , Živković Aleksandar ,   Fakultet za fizičku kulturu i menadžment u sportu, Univerzitet Singidunum, Beograd, Srbija, Stojmenović Tamara ,   Fakultet za fizičku kulturu i menadžment u sportu, Univerzitet Singidunum, Beograd, Srbija
Published: December 2021

Rukomet je jedna od vrlo popularnih sportskih igara na svijetu. Trenutna pandemija virusom COVID 19, pored ostalih sportista, direktno otežava igračima rukometa trenažni proces, kao i održavanje takmičenja u svim uzrasnim kategorijama, s tim da su profesionalni igrači vjerovatno pod većim rizikom od zaražavanja. Ovo istraživanje je imalo za cilj da se procijeni morfološki i kardiovaskularni status 20 ispitanika koji se profesionalno bave rukometom u vrhunskom rangu takmičenja kako bi se adekvatno mogao prilagoditi trenažni proces i da se ispitaju razlike između ispitanika koji su bili pozitivni na testu za COVID 19 i ispitanika koji su bili negativni na testu za COVID 19. Testiranja su obuhvatala mjerenja osnovnih morfoloških parametara, a funkcionalnost kardiovaskularnog sistema (CVS) je testirana u mirovanju i naporu – testom progresivnog opterećenja po protokolu Vita Maxima. Rezultati t-testa su pokazali da ne postoje statistički značajne razlike u morfološkim i kardiovaskularnim karakteristikama ispitanika koji su imali COVID 19 infekciju (sa pozitivnim PCR testom), igrača koji su imali simptome ali bez PCR testa i igrača koji nisu imali COVID 19.
HRONOLOŠKA STAROST ALPSKIH SKIJAŠA I SKIJAŠICA OSVAJAČA MEDALJA U OLIMPIJSKOM CIKLUSU 2015-2018
Authors:   Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u Nišu, Srbija, Savić Zvezdan , Stojanović Nikola ,   Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u Nišu, Srbija, Tomić Miloš ,   Skijaški savez Srbije, Beograd, Srbija, Savić Đorđe ,   Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbija
Published: December 2021

Lična motivacija, kao i angažovanje i rad u skijanju naveli su autore da istraže razlike u prosečnoj hronološkoj starosti skijaša i skijašica kao i da stručnoj javnosti prezentuju rezultate u cilju uspešnijeg planiranja i programiranja trenažnog procesa. U radu je analizirana prosečna hronološka starost profesionalnih alpskih skijaša i skijašica, osvajača medalja na Svetskim kupovima, u olimpijskom ciklusu 2015–2018. Analizirane su sledeće alpske discipline: Slalom SL, Vleleslalom GS, Super G SG, Spust DH i Alpska kombinacija AC. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da postoji statsitički značajna razlika u prosečnoj hronološkoj starosti između skijaša i skijašica. Pri tome, može se uočiti da postoje značajne razlike u disciplinama GS, SG, DH i AC, gde su skijaši stariji u proseku od skijašica. Nasuprot tome, u disciplini SL nije bilo značajnih razlika u hronološkoj starosti skijaša i skijašica. Rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu pomoći trenerima i stručnjacima u višegodišnjem individualnom upravljanju sportske karijere skijaša i skijašica.
Human disease biomarkers: challenges, advances, and trends in their validation
Authors: De Jesus J. R. , Arruda Marco
Published: December 2021

Biomarkers are important tools in the medical field, once they allow better prediction, characterization, and treatment of diseases. In this scenario, it is essential that biomarkers are highly accurate. Thus, biomarker validation is an essential part of ensuring the effectiveness of a biomarker. Validation of biomarkers is the process by which biomarkers are evaluated for accuracy and consistency, as well as their ability to inform the condition of health or disease. Although, there is no unique measure that can be used to determine the validity for all biomarkers, there are general criteria that all biomarkers must meet to be useful. In this work, we review the definition of biomarkers and discuss the validity components. We then critically discuss the main methods used to validate biomarkers and consider some examples of biomarkers of the diseases which most killer in the world (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and viral infections), highlighting the potential biochemical pathways of these biomarkers in the biological system. In addition, we also comment on the omic strategies used in the biomarker discovery process and conclude with information about perspectives in biomarker validation through imaging techniques.
Bolesław Leśmian’s poetry in Bulgarian
anthologies of translations in the years 1921–1984
Authors: Kosieradzka Angelika
Published: December 2021

The article offers an overview of the anthologised translations of Bolesław Leśmian’s poetry published in Bulgaria in the years 1921–1984. It also describes the work of Polish philology
in Bulgaria at the beginning of the 20th century. It further addresses the problem the formal differences between the Polish and the Bulgarian language, so as to identify specifi c diffi culties encountered by the Bulgarian translators of Leśmian as well as their characteristic translation strategies
On the Relationship Between Mothers’ and Fathers’ Parenting Behaviors and Children’s Explicit and Implicit Self-Esteem
Authors: Ha Seoyoung , Han Sae-Young
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify and elaborate the concept of implicit self-esteem by identifying parenting domains that are related to implicit self-esteem as well as by comparing the correlation between parenting behaviors and children’s explicit and implicit self-esteem (ESE & ISE). Furthermore, based on previous studies’ emphasis on the functions of self-esteem discrepancies, 4 groups of self-esteem types were included in the analysis: secure self-esteem, defensive self-esteem, damaged self-esteem and congruent low self-esteem.Methods: Participants were 279 Korean middle school students (114 boys and 165 girls). Children’s ESE and ISE were measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Name-Letter Task (NLT), respectively, and the parenting behavior measure consisted of 8 domains: monitoring, reasoning, inconsistency, over-involvement, over-expectation, neglect, physical abuse, and affection. Considering the effect of gender on the parent-child relationship, analysis was conducted according to gender.Results: Comparison between the correlations revealed that among 32 factors, differences in ESE and ISE were significant in 13 factors and not significant in 19 factors. Further, most of the parenting domains were significantly related to both daughters’ and sons’ ESE, while only a few of father and mother’s parenting domains were related to ISE. Boys’ ISE was negatively related to fathers’ over-involvement and mothers’ reasoning, while girls’ ISE was positively related to both parents’ monitoring and negatively related to neglect. Additionally, the group with secure self-esteem (characterized by high ESE and high ISE) mostly reported high levels of positive parenting behaviors and low levels of negative parenting behaviors, while the group with congruent low self-esteem (characterized by low ESE and low ISE) mostly reported low levels of positive parenting behaviors and high levels of negative parenting behaviors.Conclusion: This study contributes significant findings to the understanding of ISE. Based on the current study’s results, it is plausible to conclude that ISE performs a similar function to ESE, yet weaker. Moreover, the importance of measuring mothers’ and fathers’ parenting behaviors separately could be more emphasized. Further discussions are suggested regarding areas of contention over the formation and the concept of ISE.
Mediating Effects of Online-Based Leisure Between Parenting Attitudes and Children’s Smartphone Dependency
Authors: Cho Yoonju
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study investigated the impact of positive and negative parenting attitudes on smartphone dependency in children to examine the mediating effects of online-based leisure such as computer usage, game, and smartphone usage.Methods: Data of 714 children scoring above the top 30% of smartphone dependency among the children in 5th grade in elementary school were collected through the 2nd wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS 2018). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to analyze the mediating effects with the Bootstrapping method by SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 20.0.Results: In the model, online-based leisure significantly mediated the relationship between positive parenting attitudes such as warmth, autonomy support and structure provision, and smartphone dependency showing complete mediation. Also, negative parenting attitudes such as rejection, coercion, and chaos directly negatively affected smartphone dependency, not showing a mediating effect. Results indicate that increased positive parenting attitudes lead to reduced smartphone dependency through decreasing online-based leisure, while negative parenting attitudes lead to increase dependence on the smartphone.Conclusion: While positive parenting attitudes do not directly affect smartphone dependency, they lead to a decrease in online-based leisure. Consequently, as online-based leisure lessens, smartphone dependency subsequently may also be diminished. In addition, although negative parenting attitudes have no mediating effect, they directly influence the growing smartphone dependency. Results confirm that positive parenting mediate the effects of online-based activities in relation to smartphone dependency when parents provide the most structure, autonomy support, and warmth to their children. Practical implications are discussed, and relevant interventions offered for children and parents.
Structural Relationships among Household Chaos, Maternal Negative Parenting, Child Executive Function, and Child Aggression
Authors: Lee Jeong Min , Kim Sunhee
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the structural relationships among household chaos, maternal negative parenting behavior, child execution function, and child aggression; further, it demonstrates the mediating effects of maternal negative parenting and child execution function on the relationship between household chaos and child aggression.Methods: The participants comprised 206 children, aged between 3 and 5, and their mothers. This study observed Cronbach’ α and the descriptive statistics and performed frequency analysis, one-way random analysis, and partial correlation analysis via SPSS 20.0 program. The bootstrapping method was used to examine the mediating effect while the structural equation model analysis was performed using AMOS 22.0.Results: First, child aggression was positively associated with household chaos, mother’s intrusiveness, coercion, and neglect parenting but negatively associated with child inhibition, transition, working memory, and satisfaction delay tasks. Second, maternal negative parenting and child executive function were shown to mediate sequentially in the relationship between household chaos and child aggression. It was also found that maternal negative parenting and child executive function were partially mediated in the relationship between household chaos and child aggression.Conclusion: The data suggest the importance of mediating the effects of maternal negative parenting and child executive function on the relationship between household chaos and child aggression. These findings could highlight the significance of child executive function for the development of aggression and provide the basic data for the program to help those children who show aggressive behaviors in their early childhood educational institutions along with the evidence of parental education programs.
Tägliches Arbeitshandeln überprüfen
Authors: Tombeil Anne-Sophie
Published: December 2021

Zwar fordert die Corona-Krise weiterhin Aufmerksamkeit und schnelle Maßnahmengestaltung. Aber nun kann zum akuten Handlungsbedarf auch die selbstkritische Retrospektive treten. Dies betrifft insbesondere die in Unternehmen und Organisationen herrschenden Prozessabläufe.
Effects of Emotionally-focused Couples Therapy on the Marital Intimacy and Harmony of Maladjusted Couples in Behbahan, Iran
Authors: Behrang Khosro , Koraei Amin , Shahbazi Masoud , Abbaspour Zabihollah
Published: December 2021

Background: Dissatisfaction with marital relations and an emotional breach between couples increase the risk of divorce. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of emotionally-focused couples therapy on the marital intimacy and harmony of maladjusted couples in Behbahan, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The sample population included the maladjusted couples vising the counseling centers in Behbahan in 2020. Via convenience sampling, 30 couples were selected and randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control (n = 15 couples per group). Data were collected using the personal assessment of intimacy in relationships and the Marital Harmony Questionnaire. The experimental group received nine sessions of emotionally-focused couples therapy (90-minute sessions, twice a week), and the control group received no intervention. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 25. Results: The mean posttest scores of marital intimacy and harmony were 115.63 ± 10.22 and 31.66 ± 2.21 in the experimental group and 91.39 ± 9.04 and 22.93 ± 2.19 in the control group, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in terms of marital intimacy and harmony (P < 0.001). In addition, emotionally-focused couples therapy significantly enhanced marital intimacy and harmony in the experimental group. Conclusions: According to the results, emotionally-focused couples therapy could effectively improve the marital indicators of the maladjusted couples (intimacy and harmony).
Frequency of Infectious Agents After Bone Marrow Transplantation in Various Regions of Iran (2001 - 2017): A Systematic Review
Authors: Afsharian Mandana , Hamzelo Leila , Janbakhsh Alireza , Mansouri Feizollah , Sayad Babak , Vaziri Siavash , Azizi Mohsen , Zamanian Mohammad Hossein , Noori Maede
Published: December 2021

Context: Infections are a major cause of disease and mortality in transplant recipients. Despite the studies conducted in Iran, no comprehensive and general research is available in this area. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of infectious agents in patients after bone marrow transplantation in Iran. Method: In this systematic review, relevant studies were selected based on type and objective, and data were collected from the articles published in Iran regarding the frequency of infectious agents after bone marrow transplantation in different regions of Iran. The studies were collected using systematic search methods. Results: In total, 11 studies were identified regarding infectious agents after bone marrow transplantation. Six studies were conducted in Tehran, three studies were performed in Shiraz, and Mashhad and Semnan provinces were the locations of two separate studies. Most of the case studies identified viral agents (54.5%; n = 6), followed by fungal infectious agents (27.3%; n = 3) and bacterial agents (18.2%; n = 2). Gram-positive bacteria (bacterial agents), cytomegalovirus (viral agents), and Candida and Aspergillus (fungi) had the highest frequency after bone marrow transplantation. Conclusions: According to the results, viral, fungal, and bacterial infectious agents were respectively most frequent in patients receiving bone marrow transplants. Gram-positive bacteria (bacterial agents), cytomegalovirus (viral agents), and Candida and Aspergillus (fungi) had the highest frequency after bone marrow transplantation.
Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients’ Problems: Patients’ Perspective
Authors: Rafiee Ghazanfar , Roozbeh Shahroodi Jamshid
Published: December 2021

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) can be fatal without hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplantation. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis participants confront many adverse effects due to both the disease course and the treatment program. Objectives: This study was done to analyze hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients’ problems. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study was used, and a purposeful sample of 55 hemodialysis and 47 peritoneal dialysis patients were interviewed. The data were collected through interviews. Initially, 12 open-ended questions were developed and used to stimulate discussions in interview sessions. Directed content analysis was used for the analysis of the transcribed data. After giving a code to each line or incidence, codes were then compared for similarity and differences, merged, and categorized. Results: Themes of fatigue, diminished ability, sleeplessness, wasting time, body impairments, travel, and free-time activities limitations, low blood pressure, displeasure and gratification with hemodialysis if peritoneal dialysis patients compliant of peritoneal catheter problems, peritoneal dialysis difficulties and limitations, and gratification with peritoneal dialysis emerged. Conclusions: Hemodialysis problems and patients' dependency on the hemodialysis machine and ward are at a high level, and patients’ gratification is at a low level. Peritoneal dialysis patients, who do not get the infection, are satisfied with the dialysis method, and the patients' limitations and problems are fewer, and they are relaxed and have more freedom.
Rosai-Dorfman Disease of Bone and Soft Tissue
Authors: Garcia Roberto A. , DiCarlo Edward F.
Published: December 2021

Context.—

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown pathogenesis that may be diagnostically difficult in extranodal sites. It is commonly an unsuspected diagnosis when arising in bone and soft tissue, especially when it presents without associated lymphadenopathy. Its variable clinical presentation and nonspecific imaging findings make the diagnosis quite challenging, particularly in small biopsies. The problem is compounded by its less-characteristic histomorphologic features in comparison with nodal disease. Awareness of the potential diagnostic pitfalls in Rosai-Dorfman disease of bone and soft tissue should raise the degree of diagnostic accuracy.

Objective.—

To review the clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, and histomorphologic features of Rosai-Dorfman disease of bone and soft tissue along with a brief discussion of its differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and current management.

Data Sources.—

Thorough review of the literature with focus on clinical manifestations, imaging findings, key histomorphologic features, pathogenesis, and treatment.

Conclusions.—

The diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease of bone and soft tissue may be quite challenging because of its variable clinical presentation and nonspecific imaging findings. It may be asymptomatic without systemic manifestations or associated lymphadenopathy. The definitive diagnosis relies on histopathologic identification of the characteristic S-100–positive histiocytes demonstrating emperipolesis. Bone and soft tissue lesions tend to have lower numbers of characteristic histiocytes and less conspicuous emperipolesis and often demonstrate areas of fibrosis or storiform spindle cell areas resembling fibrohistiocytic lesions. Awareness of these unusual features is necessary in order to consider Rosai-Dorfman disease in the differential diagnosis when confronting these rare and often misleading lesions.
Cadmium levels in human breast tissue and estradiol serum levels: Is there a connection?
Authors: Buha-Đorđević Aleksandra , Anđelković Milena , Kačavenda Elena , Javorac Dragana , Antonijević-Miljaković Evica , Marić Đurđica , Baralić Katarina , Đukić-Ćosić Danijela , Ćurčić Marijana , Antonijević Biljana , Bulat Zorica
Published: December 2021

Cadmium (Cd), one of the most abundant environmental pollutants, is considered to have endocrine disrupting properties. However, data on the dose-response relationship between Cd dose and levels of hormones have been insufficiently studied, especially in human data sets. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the possibility of analyzing data obtained from a case-control study in female patients with benign/malignant breast tumors, using the Benchmark dose (BMD) concept. The collected data on Cd levels in breast tissue and estrogen serum levels were processed in PROAST software using different variables. The dose-response relationship between the internal dose of Cd and estradiol levels in the serum was investigated and BMD intervals were calculated. The dose-response relationship between the Cd concentration in breast tissue and the estradiol serum level was shown, indicating lower estradiol serum levels as a consequence of higher Cd concentrations in breast tissue. As one of the few studies analyzing human data using the BMD approach, these findings could have a pivotal role in dose response analysis of data collected from human studies.
Endocrine disrupting mechanisms and effects of pesticides
Authors: Anlar Hatice , Bacanli Merve , Başaran Nurşen
Published: December 2021

Pesticides are important agents that are intentionally introduced into the environment to control various pests and disease carriers, often by killing them. Although pesticides have many important objectives, including protection against crop loss and vector-borne diseases, there are significant concerns over the potential toxicity of pesticides on various organisms, including humans. The frequent use of pesticides in agriculture has led to the long-term exposure of humans to different pesticide residues. Exposure to pesticides has been linked to disturbances in the endocrine system of animals and humans. There are increasing data on the relation between lipophilic pesticides with low biodegradability and changes in reproductive functions and parameters of male and female animals. But more epidemiological and detailed information is necessary on the probability and strength of pesticide exposure-outcome relations regarding endocrine-disrupting effects.
Analysis of nominal exchange rate pass-through effect on inflation rate in selected countries
Authors: Živković Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

Inflation rate is one of the essential macroeconomics variables and it represents the main goal of monetary policy. It is determined by a great number of factors, so it is necessary to analyse the impact their changes have on inflation rate. The purpose of this research is the analysis of the nominal exchange rate pass-through effect on inflation rate in selected emerging and developed countries in the period 2014-2020, which share the same characteristics of inflation targeting, as main monetary policy regime, and managed floating exchange rate, as exchange rate type. Inverse proportion between volatility of nominal exchange rate and inflation rate is proven (depreciation of nominal exchange rate of national currency leads towards the growth of inflation rate), as well as higher pass-through effect in emerging countries compared to developed countries.
Effects of banking regulation on the performance of the banking sector: Evidence of banks in the Western Balkans
Authors: Alihodžić Almir
Published: December 2021

The main objective of this quantitative study is to examine the relationship between the following independent variables: capital adequacy ratio (CAR), liquid assets to total assets (LATA) and bank size (BS) and dependent variables: return on assets (ROA), credit worthiness indicator (Zscore) and return on equity (ROE) for selected Western Balkan bank countries. This model was estimated using a panel data methodology based on the assumption of a fixed and a random effect as decided in the Hausman test. The results showed that the variable size of the bank (BS) has a positive effect on the return on assets of banks in the Western Balkans, while the variable liquid assets to total assets (LATA) and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) have a negative impact. The results also showed that the variable share of liquid assets in total assets has a positive impact on the creditworthiness indicator of banks in the Western Balkans (ZScore). The third result is the variable return on equity (ROE) and it had the strongest positive impact with the independent variable size of the bank.
Central Bank digital currencies
Authors: Martin Vesna
Published: December 2021

Central Bank digital currencies are a digital challenge to the international monetary and financial system. Since the development of cryptocurrency, such as bitcoin, the modern world has faced the possibility of digital technological transformation and providing a digital form of payment for the economy and the household. In addition, the announcement of a digital currency that would have a global reach, such as the Libre issued by the social network Facebook, raised questions about legal and regulatory safeguards, financial stability, and the role of the digital currency in society. All this influenced the leading central banks to recognize the need to conduct a detailed analysis of the possibilities of issuing digital currency of the central bank, which would be a supplement to the cash and non-cash form of payment. These analyzes include considering the advantages and disadvantages of that currency, determining its design and technological solution, as well as the necessary regulatory adjustments. In the coming period, we will witness a technological transformation in the operations of central banks, which, as before, should take care of preserving price and financial stability as its main goals, but also respond to new challenges of digital business.
Cyber incidents connected to financial institutions
Authors: Popović Ksenija
Published: December 2021

The main topic of the paper is the accelerated digital transformation of financial institutions, which, in addition to the advantages, also brings an increased risk of cyber incidents. Cyber incidents can cause systemic damage and, therefore, building a good cyber security system goes beyond individual financial institutions. Based on a comparative analysis of the trend of public awareness about cyber-attacks, the conclusion of this paper is that, unlike developed countries, public awareness in Serbia has no continuous but occasional growth caused by individual events related to cyber-attacks. Designing a national campaign to raise public awareness about cyber security, as well as training and retaining highly qualified personnel, are two recommendations that are self-imposed after the observation and analysis of information on cyber incidents in Serbia.
Combination Therapy of Physical Activity and Dexamethasone for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Phase II Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Yennurajalingam Sriram , Valero Vicente , Lu Zhanni , Liu Diane D. , Busaidy Naifa L. , Reuben James M. , Diaz Fleming Carolina , Williams Janet L. , Hess Kenneth R. , Basen-Engquist Karen , Bruera Eduardo
Published: December 2021

Background: Despite the high frequency of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and its debilitating effects on the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer, there are limited treatment options available. Treatments including physical activity (PA) or dexamethasone (Dex) improve CRF; however, they have lower adherence rates (PA) or long-term adverse effects (Dex). The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of and preliminary results for the combination of PA and Dex in improving CRF. Methods: In this phase II randomized controlled trial, patients with advanced cancer and CRF scores of ≥4/10 on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale were eligible. Patients were randomized to standardized PA for 4 weeks with either 4 mg of Dex (LoDex arm) or 8 mg of Dex (HiDex arm) twice a day for 7 days. Feasibility and change in the Functional Assessment of Cancer Illness Therapy-Fatigue subscale (FACIT-F) from baseline to day 8 and day 29 (primary outcome) were assessed. Secondary outcomes included changes in fatigue dimensions (FACIT-General, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS]-Fatigue). Results: A total of 60 of 67 (90%) patients were evaluable. All patients were adherent to study medication. We found that 84% and 65% of patients in the LoDex arm and 96% and 68% of patients in the HiDex arm were adherent to aerobic and resistance exercise, respectively. The FACIT-F effect size in the LoDex arm was 0.90 (P<.001) and 0.92 (P<.001) and the effect size in the HiDex arm was 0.86 and 1.03 (P<.001 for both) at days 8 and 29, respectively. We found significant improvements in the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Physical (P≤.013) and the PROMIS-Fatigue (P≤.003) at days 8 and 29 in both arms. Mixed-model analysis showed a significant improvement in the FACIT-F scores at day 8 (P<.001), day 15 (P<.001), and day 29 (P=.002). Changes in the FACIT-F scores were not significantly different between patients in the 2 arms (P=.86). Conclusions: Our study found that the combination therapy of PA with Dex was feasible and resulted in the improvement of CRF. The improvement was seen for up to 3 weeks after the discontinuation of Dex. Further larger studies are justified.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02491632.
Przewozy pasażerskie w regionalnym systemie transportu kolejowego w województwie dolnośląskim w 2018 r. = Spatial distribution of passenger flows in a regional system of rail transport. A case study involving Poland’s Dolnośląskie Voivodeship
Authors: Jurkowski Wojciech
Published: December 2021

Poland’s socio-economic transformation brought a rapid increase in motorisation even as public transport underwent regression. This problem was particularly marked in the rail-transport sector, which experienced the largest contraction in the history of railways on Polish territory. However, by the late 2010s and early 2020s, it was possible to note positive change on the country’s rail-services market, mainly due to investment in infrastructure and the emergence of new railway companies. The period in question may thus be seen to mark the beginning of a new stage to the development of rail transport in Poland. Notwithstanding steady growth in numbers of passengers carried by rail in recent years, the current level of use of this means of transport continues to look relatively low in Poland, as compared with other EU Member States. This leaves it especially important for rail transport to be researched, in the contexts of both the sector’s functioning in a new stage to its development, and the strengthening of rail’s role as a means of transport. In this, the analysis of passenger flows should be emphasised in particular, given the way this allows spatial differentiation of travel behaviour in given areas to be identified. However, as difficulties with obtaining relevant data have ensured a lack of full understanding in the relevant literature, the work underpinning the present article was designed specifically to help make good this research gap. Specifically, this article aims to elucidate the spatial distribution of passenger flows as set against the transport offer, and to identify the kind of relationship which pertains between these two features and aspects. To that end, research was conducted in Poland’s Dolnośląskie Voivodeship – as a regional-level unit of administration considered to exemplify rail transport at regional level. In consequence, our analysis was able to confirm the uneven nature of volumes of passenger traffic across Poland. A peak concentration of traffic characterises the commuter lines around Wrocław, which is also the largest generator of traffic. However, at successively greater distances from that urban centre, numbers of passengers are found to be steadily lower. This culminates in a situation whereby the smallest numbers of people travel along lines in the region’s peripheries, most especially where sections of the rail network lack direct connections with Wrocław. Through empirical analysis forming this study’s last part, we also confirmed that data on the transport offer may (with certain limitations) be treated as a proxy for data on passenger traffic.
Cztery wyzwania w zarządzaniu ludźmi
Authors:   University of Warsaw, ieczorkowska-Wierzbińska Grażyna
Published: December 2021

The monograph addresses four important issues related to people management and concerning the functioning of an employee in an organisation. The authors analyse, among others, the problem of psychophysiological costs incurred by employees performing work that does not match their temperament and activity style, which translates into the style of performing tasks at work; their own research concerning problems with meaningfulness at work; and they propose remedial measures supporting meaningfulness at work that can be applied by organisations and employees themselves. The monograph also presents issues related to building teams that are efficiently led and cooperate to achieve their goals; threats to the accuracy of numerical evaluations and tips on how to interpret those evaluations to which an employee is subjected during an audit. The book is addressed to managers and professionals involved in human resource management, as well as to students and PhD students of management with a specialisation in human resource management, management psychology and management sociology.