bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modification of FAO Penman–Monteith equation for minor components of energy
Authors: Varmaghani Arman , Eichinger William E. , Prueger John H.
Published: December 2018

The conventional Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Penman–Monteith (P-M) equation requires knowledge of the available energy to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETo); however, it is common to ignore the minor energy components (MECs). This study was conducted to determine the effect of not including the MECs in the FAO P-M equation. Fifteen-min micrometeorological records of four sites (covered with corn, soybeans, and prairie) in central Iowa, USA, during the years 2007–2012 were investigated. The major/minor components of the energy equation were either measured or estimated by in-situ eddy covariance instruments. It was discovered that, on average, the MECs accounted for at least 13% of daily net radiation, leading to 27% decrease in daily ETo. Therefore, an equation is introduced to estimate MECs as a function of net radiation, air temperature, and Monin–Obukhov length; and another equation is regressed to roughly estimate daily MECs as a function of net radiation and day of the year. The findings in this study suggest a fundamental modification of FAO P-M formula by considering the inclusion of MECs in the energy term.
Removal of Cr(VI) by magnetic Fe/C crosslinked nanoparticle for water purification: rapid contaminant removal property and mechanism of action
Authors: Chen Runhua , Wang Ping , Li Meng , Tian Fei , Xiao Jiangjun , Fu Xinxi , Ding Chunlian , Shi Yan
Published: December 2018

In this study, a novel method based on the magnetic Fe/C crosslinked nanoparticles (MNZVI/CNTs-OH) is reported for the effective removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions. Parameters that influence the effectiveness of the nanoparticles, such as pH, temperature, reaction time, and particle dosage, was analyzed. It was found that MNZVI/CNTs-OH particles exhibit significantly higher activity toward Cr(VI) removal than bare NZVI, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and other synthetic nanomaterials. Under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by MNZVI/CNTs-OH is up to 98% with an initial contaminant concentration of 50 mg/L, and chromium content in the residue up to 48 mg/g. Physical characterizations, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and TG-TD measurements, provide insights into the working mechanism of Cr(VI) purification. Our findings suggest that immobilization of MNZVI onto carbon nanotubes increase the covalent bond property, while crosslinked nanoparticles (NPs) provide the electron transfer passage from the NZVI surface and improves the dispersity of the MNZVI, thus enhancing the performance. These results demonstrate the potential of the MNZVI/CNTs-OH nanoparticles for the rapid and efficient treatment of Cr(VI)-containing wastewater.
A Critical Review on 3D-printed Dosage Forms
Authors: El Aita Ilias , Ponsar Hanna , Quodbach Julian
Published: December 2018

Background:

In the last decades, 3D-printing has been investigated and used intensively in the field of
tissue engineering, automotive and aerospace. With the first FDA approved printed medicinal product in 2015,
the research on 3D-printing for pharmaceutical application has attracted the attention of pharmaceutical scientists.
Due to its potential of fabricating complex structures and geometrics, it is a highly promising technology for
manufacturing individualized dosage forms. In addition, it enables the fabrication of dosage forms with tailored
drug release profiles.

Objective:

The aim of this review article is to give a comprehensive overview of the used 3D-printing techniques
for pharmaceutical applications, including information about the required material, advantages and disadvantages
of the respective technique.

Methods:

For the literature research, relevant keywords were identified and the literature was then thoroughly
researched.

Conclusion:

The current status of 3D-printing as a manufacturing process for pharmaceutical dosage forms was
highlighted in this review article. Moreover, this article presents a critical evaluation of 3D-printing to control the
dose and drug release of printed dosage forms.
A Network Integration Method for Deciphering the Types of Metabolic Pathway of Chemicals with Heterogeneous Information
Authors: Guo Zi-Han , Chen Lei , Zhao Xian
Published: December 2018

Aim and Objective:

A metabolic pathway is an important type of biological pathway, which
is composed of a series of chemical reactions. It provides essential molecules and energies for living
organisms. To date, several metabolic pathways have been uncovered. However, their completeness is
still on the way. A number of prediction methods have been built to assign chemicals into certain
metabolic pathway, which can further be used to predict novel latent chemicals for a given metabolic
pathway. However, they did not make use of chemical properties in a system level to construct
prediction models.

Method:

In this study, we applied a network integration method, which can extract topological features
from different chemical networks, representing chemical associations from their different properties,
and fused several high-dimension vector representations into a low-dimension vector representation for
each chemical. The compact vector representations were fed into the Support Vector Machine (SVM)
to construct the prediction model. To tackle the problem that one chemical can participate in more than
one pathway type, we construct an SVM-based binary prediction model for each pathway type to
determine whether a given chemical can participate in the pathway type. Furthermore, the Synthetic
Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) was adopted to weaken the influence of imbalanced
dataset.

Results and Conclusion:

Each binary model gave a quite good performance and was superior to the
classic prediction model, indicating that the proposed models can be useful tools for integrating
heterogeneous information to assign chemicals into correct metabolic pathways.
Secondary Metabolites of Genus Pandanus: An Aspect of Phytochemistry
Authors: The Son Ninh
Published: December 2018

Genus Pandanus belongs to the family Padanaceae, which is widely distributed in old world tropics and subtropics, and has been applied in traditional herbal medicines, pharmacological uses, food chemical products and handicrafts. Original research articles related to this genus are available but an insight account highlighted phytochemical aspects of secondary metabolites is now insufficient. The reliable sources of literature data for this systematic manuscript were obtained from the literatures published from 1960s to now, utilizing data information from ACS journals, Taylor Francis, Springer, IOP Science, SCI-finder, Chemical Abstracts, the Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed and Googlescholar. A vast amount of data showed that genus Pandanus contained various classes of the secondary metabolites. Herein, approximately 180 constituents were isolated, comprising alkaloids, phenols, lignans, steroids, terpenoids, lipids, flavonoids, coumarins, lactones and amino acids. In addition, the crucial information involved in food chemistry suggests that Pandanus species can also be a good candidate to provide essential oils and nutrient contents of vitamins and sugars.
Protective Potential and Antidiabetic Activity of Bilberry Leaves in Zucker Rats
Authors: Shipelin Vladimir , Sidorova Yulia , Mazo Vladimir , Zorin Sergey , Petrov Nikita , Kiseleva Tatiana , Kochetkova Alla
Published: December 2018

Objective:

The protective potential of Bilberry Leaves Extract (BLE) was studied in the
experiment on male diabetic obese Zucker rats (ZDF) rats (Crl:ZUC-Lepr(fa)) with liver metabolism
disorders and hyperglycemia.

Methods:

Animals were fed with or without BLE (2 g/kg b.w.) orally via a gastric tube for 28 days.
At the end of the experiment, biochemical and morphological indices were studied.

Results:

Daily intake of BLE in obese ZDF rats produced a marked and sustained decrease in body
weight without an increase in food intake in comparison with untreated obese rats. By the end of the
study, fasting blood glucose for rats receiving BLE was significantly lower than in control group
(P<0.05). The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, biomarkers of
liver damage, were significantly (P<0.05) lower in BLE group compared to the obese control animals.
There were also reductions (P<0.05) in total cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins levels
associated with BLE treatments. BLE administration to obese rats significantly reduced serum urea
levels compared to the untreated obese rats. The results also showed a decrease in liver/body weight
ratio which is undoubtedly a positive effect together with a general reduction in body weight in BLE
treated animals.

Conclusion:

These data suggest that BLE inhibited the development of hyperglycemia, improved lipid
metabolism, and influenced positively on some integral indices and a histological picture in the
target organs of obese ZDF rats.
High Surface Area Mesoporous Silica for Hydrogen Sulfide Effective Removal
Authors: Mohammed Ali Gomaa Abdelgawad , Barhoum Ahmed , Gupta Vinod Kumar , Nada Amr Ahmed , El-Maghrabi Heba Hassan , Kanthasamy Ramesh , Shaaban Essam Ramadan , Algarni Hamed , Chong Kwok Feng
Published: December 2018

Background:

Removal of sulfur-containing compounds from the aqueous environment is
necessary as these compounds pose potential risks to human health, hygienic management and bring
great economic losses due to fouling of resin bed and corrosion of process equipment.

Objective:

This work aims to study the H2S removal efficiency using high surface area mesoporous
silica (MCM–41).

Methods:

In this study, mesoporous silica (MCM–41) with a high surface area of 1270 m2/g and high
porosity of 69% was prepared by sol-gel technique.

Results:

The obtained MCM–41 has exhibited a superior performance in adsorbing H2S from
wastewater with a maximum adsorption capacity of 52.14 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics
of the current adsorption process are best represented by Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-secondorder
models, respectively.

Conclusion:

Therefore, MCM–41 is an excellent adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications.
Novel Inhibitors of DNA Repair Enzyme TDP1 Combining Monoterpenoid and Adamantane Fragments
Authors: Mozhaitsev Evgenii S. , Zakharenko Alexandra L. , Suslov Evgeniy V. , Korchagina Dina V. , Zakharova Olga D. , Vasil'eva Inna A. , Chepanova Arina A. , Black Ellena , Patel Jinal , Chand Raina , Reynisson Jóhannes , Leung Ivanhoe K.H. , Volcho Konstantin P. , Salakhutdinov Nariman F. , Lavrik Olga I.
Published: December 2018

Background and Objective:

The DNA repair enzyme tyrosyl-DNA-phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is a current inhibition target to improve the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. Previous studies showed that compounds combining adamantane and monoterpenoid fragments are active against TDP1 enzyme. This investigation is focused on the synthesis of monoterpenoid derived esters of 1-adamantane carboxylic acid as TDP1 inhibitors.

Methods:

New esters were synthesized by the interaction between 1-adamantane carboxylic acid chloride and monoterpenoid alcohols. The esters were tested against TDP1 and its binding to the enzyme was modeling.

Results:

13 Novel ester-based TDP1 inhibitors were synthesized with yields of 21–94%; of these, nine esters had not been previously described. A number of the esters were found to inhibit TDP1, with IC50 values ranging from 0.86–4.08 µM. Molecular modelling against the TDP1 crystal structure showed a good fit of the active esters in the catalytic pocket, explaining their potency. A non-toxic dose of ester, containing a 3,7- dimethyloctanol fragment, was found to enhance the cytotoxic effect of topotecan, a clinically used anti-cancer drug, against the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549.

Conclusion:

The esters synthesized were found to be active against TDP1 in the lower micromolar concentration range, with these findings being corroborated by molecular modeling. Simultaneous action of the ester synthesized from 3,7-dimethyloctanol-1 and topotecan revealed a synergistic effect.
Тепловое расширение в зонных ферромагнетиках Fe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-MeAl (Me=Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni)
Authors: Коуров Н.И. , Казанцев В.А. , Перевозчикова Ю.А. , Марченков В.В.
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of Co_2MAl (M = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni) band ferromagnets is measured in the temperature interval of 80–900 K. The magnetic-fluctuation contribution α_ m , _sf( T ) = α_ m ( T ) + α_sf( T ) to TEC comprised of negative Stoner α_ m ( T ) and positive spin-fluctuation α_sf( T ) contributions is presented. It is assumed that the contribution of α_ m ( T ) component is proportional to the square of spontaneous magnetization. The contribution of α_sf( T ) is stipulated by the effects of inducing local magnetic moments by spin fluctuations and is proportional to the Pauli susceptibility.
Prototyping the Automated Food Imaging and Nutrient Intake Tracking System: Modified Participatory Iterative Design Sprint (Preprint)
Authors: Pfisterer Kaylen J , Boger Jennifer , Wong Alexander
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

A total of 45% of older adults living in long-term care (LTC) have some form of malnutrition. Several methods of tracking food and fluid intake exist, but they are limited in terms of their accuracy and ease of application. An easy-to-use, objective, accurate, and comprehensive food intake system designed with LTC in mind may provide additional insights regarding nutritional support systems and nutritional interventions.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to conduct a multistage participatory iterative design sprint of a Goldilocks quality horizontal prototype for the Automated Food Imaging and Nutrient Intake Tracking (AFINI-T) system. Specific design objectives included the following: (1) identify practice-relevant problems and solutions through user-centered participatory design, (2) mitigate feasibility-related barriers to uptake, and (3) employ user-centered technology development.

METHODS

A 6-stage iterative participatory design sprint was developed and executed. A total of 38 participants and advisors representing 15 distinct roles (eg, personal support worker, nurse, and dietitian) were engaged in the design sprint. Subjective workload (Raw Task Load Index), subjective usability scales, and a modified Ravden checklist were used to assess project advisors’ perceptions of the AFINI-T system prototype compared with the current method of food and fluid intake charting.

RESULTS

The top priorities for this system were identified as the following: ease of use, high accuracy, system reliability, ease of maintenance, and requirement of integrating with the current PointClickCare system. Data from project advisors informed design decisions leading to a Goldilocks quality horizontal prototype of the AFINI-T system. Compared with the current food and fluid intake charting system, AFINI-T was perceived to have the following: less time demands (t10.8=4.89; P<.001), less effort (t13.5=5.55; P<.001), and less frustration (t13.0=3.80; P=.002). Usability ratings of the AFINI-T prototype were high, with a subjective usability score mean of 89.2 and the highest ratings on a modified Ravden usability checklist of “very satisfactory” for 7 out of 8 sections.

CONCLUSIONS

The AFINI-T concept system appears to have good practice relevance as a tool for an intelligent food and fluid intake tracking system in LTC. The AFINI-T concept system may provide improvement over the current system, and advisors are keen to try the AFINI-T system. This research gives tangible examples of how the sprint method can be adapted and applied to the development of novel needs-based application-driven technology.
Evaluating the Quality of Mobile Apps Used by Occupational Therapists Using the uMARS App Quality Rating Tool (Preprint)
Authors: LeBeau Kelsea , Huey Lauren G. , Hart Mark
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

The continuous development of mobile applications, or “apps”, has led to many healthcare professionals using them in clinical settings; however, little research is available to guide occupational therapists (OTs) in choosing quality apps for use in their respective clinical settings.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of the most frequently noted mobile apps used by OTs.

METHODS

A previous study surveying OTs’ use of apps in therapy compiled a list of apps frequently noted. Twenty-five of these apps were evaluated individually by two trained researchers using the uMARS, a simple, multidimensional analysis tool that can be easily used to evaluate the quality of apps.

RESULTS

The top 10 apps had a total quality score of 4.3, or higher, out of 5 based on the mean scores of engagement, functionality, and aesthetics. Apps scored highest in functionality and lowest in engagement. Apps noted most frequently were not always high-quality apps; apps noted least frequently were not always low-quality apps.

CONCLUSIONS

Determining the effectiveness of using apps in clinical settings must be built upon a foundation of the implementation of high-quality apps. Mobile apps should not be incorporated into clinical settings solely based on frequency of use. The uMARS should be considered as a useful tool for OTs, and other professionals, to determine app quality.
Позитронно-емісійна томографія/магнітно-резонансна томографія — нова ера гібридної візуалізації (огляд літератури)
Authors: Korol P.O. , Tkachenko M.M.
Published: December 2018

В огляді літератури розглянуто історичні аспекти та ключові питання клінічного застосування позитронно-емісійної томографії (ПЕТ)/комп’ютерної томографії як нового методу гібридної візуалізації. Ця оглядова робота аналізує проблеми, пов’язані з процесом злиття ПET з магнітно-резонансною томографією (МРТ) і розвитком даних систем протягом багатьох років. У роботі досліджуються діагностичні аспекти мультимодального зображення з корекцією ослаблення та методи реконструкції з метою отримання кількісного зображення. Розвиток ПЕТ/МРТ-візуалізації відіграє важливу роль у галузі нейрохірургії, онкології, опор-но-рухового апарату тощо, таким чином, може розглядатись як сучасний мультимодальний діагностичний метод додаткової гібридної візуалізації. Однак питання діагностичного застосування ПЕТ/МРТ-візуалізації і надалі потребує досліджень щодо інших можливих способів впровадження ПЕТ/МРТ для нових доклінічних і клінічних випробувань.
Лікування остеопорозу у пацієнтів із хворобою Паркінсона
Authors: Povoroznyuk V.V. , Bystrytska M.A. , Balatska N.І.
Published: December 2018

Актуальність. Моторні та немоторні прояви хвороби Паркінсона (ХП) збільшують ризик падінь, що у поєднанні з остеопорозом значно підвищує ризик переломів, зокрема переломів шийки стегнової кістки. Мета. Оцінка ефективності та безпечності комплексної терапії остеопорозу у пацієнтів із ХП. Матеріали та методи. Було обстежено 38 чоловіків і жінок віком 55–75 років із системним остеопорозом та ХП. Серед них 18 пацієнтів отримували комплексну терапію остеопорозу, 20 пацієнтів становили групу порівняння. Мінеральну щільність кісткової тканини (МЩКТ) визначали за методом двофотонної рентгенівської абсорбціометрії. Результати. Під час досліджень встановлено, що у пацієнтів групи порівняння втрата кісткової маси на рівні всього скелета була 1,8 ± 0,8 %, на рівні шийки — 4,5 ± 0,6 %, проксимального відділу стегнової кістки — 3,6 ± 1,1 % та на рівні нижніх кінцівок — 3,1 ± 1,2 %. Внаслідок проведеного лікування із застосуванням комплексної терапії, що включала препарати кальцію, вітаміну D та ризедронової кислоти, у пацієнтів групи І зареєстрована стабілізація МЩКТ на рівні всього скелета та нижніх кінцівок, збільшення МЩКТ на рівні поперекового відділу хребта — на 4,0 ± 2,2, верхніх кінцівок — на 4,8 ± 2,1 %, шийки та проксимального відділу стегнової кістки — на 1,8 ± 0,8 % і 1,3 ± 0,7 % відповідно. Висновки. Застосування комплексної терапії остеопорозу у пацієнтів із ХП сприяє вірогідному збільшенню МЩКТ на рівні стегнової кістки, поперекового відділу хребта та верхніх кінцівок, а також стабілізації кісткової маси на рівні нижніх кінцівок і всього скелета, що зменшує ризик переломів.
Дослідження тривалості збереження жорсткості фіксації кісткових уламків біодеградуючими накістковими пластинами на основі полілактиду
Authors: Khvisyuk O.M. , Pavlov O.D. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Karpinska O.D.
Published: December 2018

Актуальність. В ортопедії та травматології як гвинти та фіксаційні штифти, пластини, анкери, кейджі значне місце посідають полімерні матеріали, що резорбуються й розчиняються в біологічних рідинах. Перевагою таких імплантатів є їх повне розсмоктування, що позбавляє від необхідності операції з видаленням імплантату. Підвищити якість біоматеріалів на основі полілактидів можливо шляхом введення в їх склад керамічних матеріалів, зокрема гідроксіапатиту. Однак імплантати з різним відсотковим співвідношенням і складом керамічного матеріалу розрізняються властивостями міцності та поведінки в кістці. Мета. В експерименті на тваринах дослідити тривалість збереження стабільності фіксації кісткових уламків за допомогою накісткових пластин, виготовлених з біодеградуючих матеріалів на основі полілактиду. Матеріали та методи. Експеримент проводили на 20 кроликах­самцях віком 6 місяців. Усім тваринам моделювали перелом діафіза правої стегнової кістки в середній третині шляхом розпилу та виконували остеосинтез накістковою пластиною, виготовленою за допомогою 3D­друку з матеріалу на основі полілактиду з домішкою 20% трикальційфосфату та 10% гідроксіапатиту. Кроликів виводили з експерименту групами по 5 тварин через 1, 3, 6 та 12 місяців після початку експерименту. Після виведення з експерименту у тварин виділяли оперовану та контралатеральну стегнові кістки. Контралатеральні (неоперовані) кістки тварин вважали за групу конт­ролю. Всі препарати стегнових кісток кроликів випробували на міцність під впливом навантаження на згин. Згинаюче навантаження збільшували від 50 до 100 Н із кроком у 10 Н. При кожній величині навантаження вимірювали величину прогину препарату. Результати. В результаті проведених досліджень нами було отримано величини прогину препаратів стегнових кісток кроликів на різних термінах проведення експерименту під впливом згинаючих навантажень різної величини. Обробка даних за методами описової статистики дала можливість отримати середні значення та стандартне відхилення величини прогину в різних експериментальних групах, а також порівняти величини деформації препаратів між різними групами. Висновки. Накісткові пластини на основі полілактиду з домішкою 20% трикальційфосфату та 10% гідроксіапатиту забезпечують збереження своїх початкових механічних властивостей протягом усього терміну зрощення переломів стегнової кістки кроликів, що сприяло досягненню повного зрощення уламків кісток.
Использование продленной эпидуральной анестезии в периоперационном периоде при обширных резекциях печени
Authors: Cherniy V.I. , Kolhanova K.A. , Freigofer M.V.
Published: December 2018

Использована и проанализирована схема мультимодальной аналгезии у 121 пациента в периоперационном периоде обширных резекций печени. Пациенты распределены на 3 группы в зависимости от методики анестезиологического обеспечения: общая, комбинированная общая и эпидуральная анестезия. Для оценки адекватности этой методики использован анализ параметров центральной гемодинамики, вариационной пульсометрии, сывороточных концентраций кортизола, глюкозы, степени выраженности послеоперационной боли, частоты послеоперационных осложнений. Установлено, что максимально эффективной и безопасной для пациентов является схема комбинированной низкопоточной ингаляционной анестезии с эпидуральной аналгезией благодаря оптимальным гемодинамическим показателям, минимальным уровням стрессовых маркеров и послеоперационной боли, уменьшению частоты осложнений.
Outcomes of manual small incision cataract surgery (mSICS) compared with phacoemulsification from population based outreach eye camp, in Yogyakarta and Southern Central Java Region, Indonesia
Authors: Mahayana Indra Tri , Setyowati Reny , Winarti Tri , Prawiroranu Suhardjo
Published: December 2018

In this study, we compared the effectiveness (comparison of post-operative visual acuity/VA) of phacoemulsification by ophthalmologists versus manual small incision cataract surgery (mSICS) by residents in a mass cataract surgery setting. This research was a cross-sectional study of 1137 cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery by ophthalmologists and residents in outreach eye camps during 2015-2017 (3 years). There were 554 patients who underwent phacoemulsification by ophthalmologists and 583 patients who underwent mSICS by residents. Basic patient characteristics data, such as: age, sex and pre-surgical VA were recorded and we compared pre- versus post-operative VA (best corrected VA/BCVA) and surgical adverse events in 4 weeks post-operative follow-up. In basic subject characteristics, there were no differences in age and sex between the 2 groups, in which 602 (52.9%) were men and 535 (47.1%) were women. Overall 583 (51.3%) eyes received mSICS and 554 (48,7%) eyes received phacoemulsification. Visual acuity improvement (≥6/18) was achieved in 59.61% of eyes after phacoemulsification and 53.5% eyes after mSICS. There were no statistical differences in visual outcome results between both groups (p=0.10). Severe surgical adverse events (nucleus drop and endophthalmitis) were found in 3 cases (0.26%) and choroidal bleeding in 1 eye (0.08%). The effectiveness of phacoemulsification and mSICS in improving visual acuity was found similar between ophthalmologists and residents. mSICS should be considered for more frequent use in high volume mass cataract surgery.KEYWORDS cataract surgery; phacoemulsification; manual small incision cataract surgery; outreach program; community ophthalmology
Status mineral dan hormon tiroid pada penderita hipotiroidisme
Authors: Hastuti Pramudji , Widodo Untung Supriadi , Oktarizal Rony , Kurniadi Andika Laksamana , Anwar Khoirul , Siregar Auladi Ahmad Ridho
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAK Rendahnya kadar hormon tiroid dalam sirkulasi mengakibatkan hipotiroidisme klinis dan menyebabkan berbagai proses metabolik turun. Untuk mempertahankan  sintesis hormon tiroid dan pelepasannya memerlukan suplai beberapa mineral yang adekuat. Penelitian ini, menentukan kadar mineral Zn, Cu, Fe dan Se dalam serum anak yang menderita hipotiroidisme dibandingkan kontrol. Penelitian ini melibatkan sebanyak 23 anak yang terdiri dari 11 subjek yang mengalami hipotiroidisme dan 12 pasien normotiroid sebagai kontrol. Kadar Zn, Cu, Fe dan Se serum ditentukan dengan spektrofotometer absorpsi atom. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t (nilai p < 0,05 dianggap bermakna), kemudian odds ratio ditentukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antarvariabel. Kadar mineral yang diperiksa tidak berbeda bermakna (p > 0,05) antara penderita hipotiroidisme dengan kontrol. Rendahnya kadar Zn dan Se merupakan faktor risiko tingginya kadar thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) sebagai penanda terjadinya hipotiroidisme. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa rendahnya kadar beberapa mineral terutama Zn dan Se merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya hipotiroidisme. Karena kadar TSH dalam serum tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kadar mineral dalam tubuh, perlu dilakukan studi lebih lanjut dalam skala yang lebih besar dengan pengukuran faktor perancu lain.KATA KUNCI status mineral; hormon tiroid; hipotiroidisme ABSTRACT Low level of circulating thyroid hormone results in clinical hypothyroidism and causes many metabolic processes to slow down. To maintain thyroid hormone synthesis and release, an adequate supply of trace elements is required. In this study, serum content of the trace elements, namely Zn, Cu, Fe, and Se in hypothyroidism patients was determined and compared to that in control subjects. Twenty three subjects consist of 11 hypothyroid patients and 12 normotiroid children as controls participated in this study. Serum Zn, Cu, Fe and Se level were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. T test was used for analysis and p value < 0.05 considered significant. Odds ratio was determined to study the relationship between variables. Serum mineral level in hypothyroid patients were not significantly different(p > 0.05) from the level in control subjects. Low level of Zn and Se were risk factor for high level of TSH as marker of hypothyroidism. It can be concluded that the low level of trace elements especially Zn and Se were risk factor of the hypothyroidism. Because TSH serum level is not only influenced by the level of trace elements, further study is needed to analyze other influencing factors in larger population.KEYWORDS mineral status; thyroid hormone; hypothyroidism
Preservasi Pengetahuan Document Controller untuk Performa Organisasi
Authors: Shaura Rizkiana Karmelia , Febriyanto Febriyanto , Kurniawan Hendra
Published: December 2018

Kajian ini akan membahas mengenai preservasi pengetahuan seorang pegawai pengendalidokumen atau yang dikenal “document controller” yang juga merangkap sebagai pustakawan padasalah satu perusahaan di Indonesia.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan preservasipengetahuan di PT. Transasia Resources oleh document controller. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi, sehingga mendapatkan data yang sesuai di lapangan melalui hasil pengamatan peneliti yang pernah bekerja di lembaga ini. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam melakukan preservasi pengetahuan, document controller sesuai dengan model knowledge management EFQM yang terdiri dari enablers dan results. Kesimpulannya, preservasi pengetahuan yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan sudah memiliki atribut utama knowledge management, budaya organisasi yang cukup baik, dan alat-alat yang digunakan dalam proses kegiatan organisasi adalah untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan performa organisasi.
Kerja Kuratorial dalam Eksebisi Arsip di Indonesia
Authors: Mulya Lillyana , Pradita Trisna
Published: December 2018

Mayoritas orang Indonesia saat ini melihat eksebisi sebagai praktik yang lekat dengan bidang seni dan budaya. Praktik ini kemudian diadopsi oleh bidang lain untuk konsep yang sama, yaitu sebagai media komunikasi antara produsen dan konsumen, baik dalam artian komersil maupun tidak komersil. Di era integrasi institusi memori, bidang arsip, sebagaimana juga dengan perpustakaan dan museum, menggunakan eksebisi sebagai strategi komunikasi untuk diseminasi informasi kepada masyarakat. Namun, eksebisi arsip di Indonesia masih terganjal pada pemahaman konsep kuratorial untuk menampilkan arsip dalam konteks. Kerja kuratorial menjadi fokus dalam kajian ini dengan terlebih dahulu mengajukan pertanyaan tentang gambaran eksebisi arsip di Indonesia dan persoalan kuratorial yang muncul dalam eksebisi arsip. Kajian ini memakai metode studi pustaka dan observasi lapangan untuk mendapatkan data mengenai praktik eksebisi arsip di Indonesia. Konten eksebisi kemudian dianalisis untuk kesesuaian objek dengan ide yang disampaikan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa melalui kerja kuratorial, eksebisi arsip mesti diperankan sebagai penyedia sumber-sumber reliabel sehingga mendapatkan tempat dalam produksi pengetahuan.
Natureza e cultura no Porto do século XIX
Authors: Madureira Helena
Published: December 2018

A estruturação social de uma cidade pode inferir-se da morfologia e estrutura dos espaços verdes. Partindo de uma carta da cidade do Porto (Portugal), de 1892, procedeu-se ao reconhecimento dos contextos tipológicos e espaciais da estrutura verde em finais do século XIX: i) cidade intramuros; ii) a área de expansão extramuros, de forte ampliação nos séculos XVIII e XIX iii) anel periférico rural, suporte do desenvolvimento urbanístico ao longo do século XX. A modernização da cidade resulta no encontro e conflito entre a produção do espaço e da natureza, a representação das suas paisagens e a prática concreta dos seus lugares.
Teoria Organizacional numa perspectiva crítica na formação de Sanitaristas para a Gestão em Saúde Coletiva
Authors: Weiss Maria Clara Vieira , Kehrig Ruth Terezinha
Published: December 2018

O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma experiência teórico-prática no ensino das teorias organizacionais na formação de bacharéis em Saúde Coletiva. A resposta à questão – de que introdução às teorias das organizações o Sanitarista precisa em sua formação –, no contexto de um sistema universal de saúde e de proteção dos direitos sociais, implica uma aproximação ao pensamento crítico na grade curricular da disciplina, para pautar o aprendizado de uma administração política voltada para as transformações sociais e mudanças organizacionais dos serviços de saúde. O conteúdo programático da disciplina propicia discussões temáticas utilizando conceitos como liderança; autogestão, etnografia crítica, práticas organizacionais verticais e horizontais, modelos de gestão gerencial e societal, e a perspectiva histórica e multidimensional nas análises das organizações. Essas reflexões contribuem no fortalecimento dos processos de democratização da gestão das políticas públicas, na organização dos serviços públicos e na reconstrução das expressões da área de Política, Planejamento e Gestão em Saúde no campo de conhecimentos e práticas da Saúde Coletiva. Inclusive, por coerência com o referencial epistemológico do próprio campo da Saúde Coletiva.
Paisagens transculturais – um olhar para a periferia carioca em tempos do transconhecimento / Transcultural landscapes - a look at the outskirts of Rio de Janeiro in times of transcognition
Authors: Azevedo Jorge Baptista
Published: December 2018

Este artigo resgata a conferência realizada em 12 de novembro de 2015, no Seminário Internacional “A Periferia da Paisagem”, realizado na Escola de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal Fluminense. A partir de reflexões sobre aspectos que ameaçam a vida social nas grandes cidades contemporâneas, se apresentam as condições de multiculturalidade em contraponto com a urgência da transculturalidade para a produção de novas formas de convívio sociocultural. A seguir é elaborada uma definição para o conceito de paisagem transcultural e da sua produção inventiva, através do processo de heterogênese, observados a partir de “entre-lugares” e nas “heterotopias”, que também são explicitados. O transconhecimento é valorizado como ferramenta, inclusive para o reconhecimento da importância sociocultural dos lugares caracterizados pela capacidade de celebração da existência, produção do sentimento de bonheur e pertencimento. E nesse sentido destaca aspectos observados nas paisagens da periferia carioca. Esse escrito é uma contribuição para a teoria da paisagem que se associa com a filosofia e a geografia fenomenológica e cultural.
A cidade que se move: mutabilidades da paisagem no leste metropolitano do Rio de Janeiro / The city that moves: mutables landscape in metropolitan east of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Araujo Eloisa Carvalho de
Published: December 2018

A presente reflexão tem como cenário as regiões leste e oceânica da cidade de Niterói, e suas bordas com a cidade vizinha de Maricá. Visa estabelecer diálogo entre o fenômeno da periferização e da urbanização dispersa, apresentando para isso uma base teórica que se apoia na expressão periferia urbana, relacionada ao próprio espaço urbano, reconhecível através de formas especialmente aptas a assegurarem determinadas relações sociais, certos tipos de comunicação e transmissão de atividades. Pretende-se articular algumas recentes contribuições que reforçam a ideia do direito à cidade e à natureza, ao sentido da sustentabilidade. A cidade que se move, e ao mover-se soma uma série de paisagens, que precisam se organizar a partir das necessidades que surgem com a cidade difusa, passando a viabilizar uma ideia de território, que não se esgota, se reinventa para absorver os efeitos externos e internos do urbano que se transforma, como expressão da diversidade.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kemauan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi dalam Membayar Pajak pada Pasca Kebijakan Tax Amnesty
Authors: Sungkono Sungkono , Sugiyanti Slamet
Published: December 2018

Many factors affect the willingness to pay taxes for taxpayers. Several previous studies have presented different results on these factors. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the factors that affect the willingness to pay taxes on the taxpayers of individuals who perform free work in DJP Kanwil DIY. Samples taken in the research as many as 100 taxpayers in the scope of 5 KPP in DIY. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple regression. The results showed that the variable awareness of paying taxes, knowledge and understanding of tax laws, perceptions of the effectiveness of the tax system, the quality of service tax officers and tax sanctions have a positive effect on the willingness to pay taxes.
Keywords: tax awareness, tax knowledge, perception of the tax system, the quality of tax services, the willingness to pay taxes
JEL Classification: E17, E62, H25, K34
Good Corporate Governance, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Tax Avoidance
Authors: Kushariadi Briska , Putra Rosyid nur
Published: December 2018

Tax avoidance is effort to minimize the tax burden are still in the realm of tax law.The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of good corporate governance, leverage, and firm size against tax avoidance. Indicator of corporate governance that are used to test are proportion of independent commissioners and audit quality. In this study, tax avoidance is measured using the effective tax rate (ETR). The number of samples analyzed 120 samples of companies listed on Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) 2012-2016. Sample determination using purposive sampling technique. The data used in this research is a secondary data. Data were analyzed using panel regresion analysis with eviews 9. Result of analysis showed the pro- portion of independent commissioners and audit quality has no effect on tax avoidance. Leverage has positive influence on tax avoidance. While, firm size has negative influence on tax avoidance.
Keywords: tax avoidance, proportion of independent commissioners, audit quality, leverage, firm size
JEL Classification: G38, H26,L22,L25
Kesiapan UMKM Terhadap Implementasi SAK EMKM (Studi UMKM Di Kabupaten Blora)
Authors: Sholikin Ahmad , Setiawan Ade
Published: December 2018

SMEs has an important role in economic development in Indonesia. In this development, SMEs has several obstacles. One of them is the preparation of financial statements that are not in accordance with accounting standards in Indonesia. SAK ETAP is a standard for SMEs in preparing financial statements. However, many studies have suggested that the majority of SMEs in Indonesia have not been able to implement SAK ETAP because the standard are too complex. Therefore DSAK IAI publishes new financial accounting standard for SMEs which is SAK EMKM effective on January 01, 2018. The new standard is intended to assist the needs in the preparation of financial statements. The result of this research shows the level the readiness of SMEs in implementing SAK EMKM. In conducting this research, the researcher used descriptive qualitative research. The researcher collects the data of this research from the interview and documentation. The analysis is dine by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this research shows that two SMEs in Blora Regency are not ready in applying SAK EMKM. The absence of SMEs have not done the preparation of financial statements.
Produk Unggulan Sebagai Daya Saing Daerah Studi Pengembangan UKM Di Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Anis Ashwar , Wibowo Raden Arief
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to improve competitiveness in Brebes Dis- trict. This research uses qualitative research with common keywords. The study was conducted in Brebes District, covering the targeted area of the OVOP program as a manifestation of superior product development, and the Ministry of Industry and Commerce Department of Cooperatives and SMEs as the main data centers. Data analysis using descriptive qualitative by using description based on data available on research object. The results showed that excellent products in Brebes District as an effort to improve the competitiveness of regions have not achieved optimal results. From several excellent products avail- able in Brebes District, only two products are included in the main target, that is implementation of salted eggs and seaweed, while other production centers are still in development stage. However, the activ- ities undertaken show considerable prospective improvements, includ- ing increased production volumes and new product variations as a result of fostering and developing creativity and entrepreneurial in- novation. As a supporting factor, including the Brebes District Gov- ernment which has a strong commitment to implement the OVOP program on an ongoing basis, which is a superior resource that can be used as a flagship. Sources of funds, human resources and infrastruc- ture needs, especially for groups that can be used as capital to conduct OVOP activities as a whole. Stages of activities have been carried out appropriately and in accordance with their respective rules, al- though there are indications of overlap in coaching as there are no clear boundaries in defining individual business categories, and in- dustry groups.
Keywords: Local original revenue, general allocation fund, special allocation fund, profit-sharing fund, human development index
JEL Classification: E23, E26,l26
Characteristics of carcinoembryonic antigen-producing colorectal cancers: A population based study
Authors: Groover Sarah , Kaul Rashmi , Johnston Sarah , Zhao Yan , Karippot Asha , Thirunavukarasu Pragatheeshwar
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Serum carcinoembryonic antigen is a tumor marker often found to be elevated in colorectal cancer patients. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen has been strongly associated with poor prognosis. However, little is known about the patient and tumor characteristics between carcinoembryonic antigen-secreting and non-secreting tumors. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients (N=164,187) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2014. All patients were designated as having either positive/elevated (C1) or negative/normal (C0) pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen level. Results: Of the 164,187 patients, 68,833 (57.0%) had available carcinoembryonic antigen information, and 33,412 (48.5%) had positive/elevated (C1) antigen levels. Median age was 65 years, and 36,464 (53.0%) were male. Patients with C1 cancers were more likely to be female (Odds ratio 1.06), black (Odds ratio 1.62), separated or never married (Odds ratios 1.50 and 1.49, respectively), higher grade (Odds ratios 1.35, 1.64, and 1.72 of moderately, poorly, and undifferentiated cancers, respectively), and of signet ring cell histology (Odds ratio 1.47) compared to males, whites, married participants, well differentiated grade, and adenocarcinoma histology respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that non-Caucasian race, female gender, unmarried status, distal to sigmoid colon location, increasing tumor invasion beyond muscular layer, increasing nodal involvement, and presence of metastases were independent factors associated with the C1 diagnosis. Conclusions: About half of all colorectal adenocarcinomas are associated with elevated pre-treatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Our study is the first nationwide population-based study quantifying the prevalence of serum carcinoembryonic antigen elevation in the colorectal cancer population, and identifying patient and tumor characteristics associated with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen.
A quad-band monopole antenna with defected ground plane for L-band/WiMAX/WLAN applications
Authors: Bag Biplab , Biswas Priyabrata , Sarkar Pratim
Published: December 2018

In this paper, a planar quad band monopole antenna excited by the microstrip
line feed is proposed for L-band, WiMAX and WLAN applications. The proposed
antenna is composed of radiating element in the form of L, U and inverted
Lshaped strips on the top surface of substrate and defected ground plane on
the bottom surface. By adjusting the length of the strips, the resonant
frequencies can be reformed individually. The overall dimension of the
prototype of the proposed quad band antenna is 50x35x1.6mm?. From the
measured results it is found that the proposed antenna has exhibited four
distinct operating bands (return loss less than -10dB) of 170MHz (from 1.16
to 1.33GHz), 550MHz (from 1.53 to 2.08GHz), 470MHz (from 2.43 to 2.90GHz)
and 3930MHz (from 3.77 to 7.70GHz). First two bands operated in L-band,
third band can be used for WiMAX lower band (2.5GHz) and bandwidth of fourth
band may be used for WLAN (5.2/5.8 GHz) and WiMAX (5.5GHz) applications. It
is also observed that the proposed antenna has good radiation patterns and
acceptable gains over the whole operating bands. The design process and
parametric analyses are explained with the help of simulation software HFSS
v.11.
Consequences of Expanded Audit Reports: Evidence from the Justifications of Assessments in France
Authors: Bédard Jean , Gonthier-Besacier Nathalie , Schatt Alain
Published: December 2018

Since 2003, French auditors must disclose justifications of assessments (JOAs) in expanded audit reports. Like critical audit matters recently introduced in the U.S., and key audit matters introduced by international standard setters, the purpose of JOAs is to enhance the informative value of audit reports. Based on French audit reports from 2002 to 2011, we analyze the impact of first-time implementation of JOAs, and the impact of new JOAs in subsequent years, on investors (measured by abnormal returns and abnormal trading volume) and on the audit (measured by audit report lag, abnormal accruals, and audit fees). For both first-time implementation of JOAs and new JOAs in subsequent years, we find no significant market reaction to their disclosure and no significant effect on audit report lag, audit quality, and audit fees. Our results suggest that the French expanded audit report did not have the expected consequences on investors and the audit.
Demokratisering av deltakelse gjennom sosiale medier. Sosial ulikhet i nordmenns digitale samfunnsengasjement
Authors: Eimhjellen Ivar , Ljunggren Jørn
Published: December 2018

Based on representative survey-data, this chapter is concerned with analyzing the potential democratic effects of social media on civic engagement and collective action. We investigate to what degree and how social differences with regard to age, gender, educational background and geographical centrality are expressed in digital forms of civic action: information consumption and triggering of political interest, membership in political Facebook-groups, digital expression of opinions, and digital voluntary work. Previous research and theories are inconclusive with regard to increasing or decreasing social divides in digital participation, depending on the particular personal characteristic and type of digital civic action. Our analyses show that younger persons are more active than older persons in many of the participatory forms. Like many previous studies, we find a certain reproduction of classical gender differences in which men are more active than women. Education is also found to reproduce the classical differences in which more education is connected to higher levels of participation. We also find that centrality of residence differentiates activity levels in certain forms of digital civic action. On the basis of our analyses we claim that the democratic effects of digitalization on civic participation, in the form of reducing classical divides in which groups are active and which groups are passive, are limited. While digital technologies have created many new possibilities for civic action, participation and engagement is still structured by resources, personal traits and social position.