bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Two Hours of Heavy-Intensity Exercise on the Power–Duration Relationship
Authors: CLARK IDA E. , VANHATALO ANNI , BAILEY STEPHEN J. , WYLIE LEE J. , KIRBY BRETT S. , WILKINS BRAD W. , JONES ANDREW M.
Published: March 2018

Introduction

Changes in the parameters of the power–time relationship (critical power (CP) and W′) during endurance exercise would have important implications for performance. We tested the hypotheses that CP and W′, estimated using the end-test power (EP) and the work done above EP (WEP), respectively, during a the 3-min all-out test (3MT), can be reliably determined, and would be lower, after completing 2 h of heavy-intensity exercise.

Methods

In study 1, six cyclists completed a 3MT immediately after 2 h of heavy-intensity exercise on two occasions to establish the reliability of EP and WEP. In study 2, nine cyclists completed a control 3MT, and a fatigued 3MT and constant power output tests to 30 min or the limit of tolerance (T
lim) below and above F-EP after 2 h of heavy-intensity exercise.

Results

In study 1, EP (273 ± 52 vs 276 ± 58 W) and WEP (12.4 ± 4.3 vs 12.8 ± 4.3 kJ) after 2 h of heavy-intensity exercise were not different (P > 0.05) and were highly correlated (r = 0.99; P < 0.001). In study 2, both EP (F-EP: 282 ± 52 vs C-EP: 306 ± 56 W; P < 0.01) and WEP (F-WEP: 14.7 ± 4.9 vs C-WEP: 18.3 ± 4.1 kJ; P < 0.05) were lower after 2-h heavy-intensity exercise. However, maximum O2 uptake was not achieved during exercise >F-EP and T
lim was shorter than 30 min during exercise <F-EP (18.2 ± 10.7 min).

Conclusions

The EP and WEP may be reliably determined after 2-h heavy-intensity exercise. The 8% and 20% reductions in EP and WEP, respectively, have important implications for performance during endurance exercise. The physiological characterization of EP (and, by extension, CP) may differ in a fatigued compared with a rested state.
Amor preto e amarelo
Authors: Santos Aline Lilian dos
Published: March 2018

Mais do que organizar competições, a atlética FGV-EAESP desperta nos alunos um forte sentimento de identificação e orgulho de ser GV.
Qualificação é fundamenta
Authors: Azevedo Clovis Bueno de
Published: March 2018

Para melhorar as políticas públicas brasileiras, é preciso aprimorar a formação e a capacitação dos gestores.
Desafios da gestão no campo social
Authors: Spink Peter Kevin , Burgos Fernando , Teixeira Marco Antonio Carvalho
Published: March 2018

Resultados melhores serão alcançados se consideradas a heterogeneidade de estados e municípios, a intersecção de diferentes políticas públicas e a participação de atores organizacionais distintos.
Nova educação para entender o mundo
Authors: Bloch Vicky
Published: March 2018

A educação, nas próximas décadas, deverá ser mais voltada para o intuitivo e a capacidade de resiliência do que para o conteúdo.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in an animal model of diabetic neuropathy is associated with a reduction of neurosteroid synthesis.
Authors: Humble Stephen R.
Published: March 2018

Background: Recent work in a model of diabetic neuropathy revealed that layer 2/3 cortical pyramidal neurones of the pain pathway exhibited reduced endogenous neurosteroid modulation of the GABAAR and exogenously applied neurosteroids had an exaggerated impact. It is postulated that this is related to reduced precursor synthesis, due to mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic neuropathy. Benzodiazepines are also known to activate neurosteroidogenesis by binding to mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO). This study explored the differential effect of diazepam on GABAAR modulation via neurosteroidogenesis in diabetic and wild type (WT) mice.

Methods: Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used on slices of neural tissue. Electrophysiological recordings were obtained from layer 2/3 cortical pyramidal neurons of the pain pathway from mice with type-II diabetic neuropathy (ob/ob) and WT controls aged 60-80 days.

Results: There was a key difference in the response of the WT and ob/ob cortical neurons to simultaneous incubation with diazepam and flumazenil. In contrast, diazepam and the 5a-reductase inhibitor finasteride, individually or in combination, produced the same response in both strains.

Conclusions: The exaggerated effect of diazepam on GABAergic inhibitory tone in the ob/ob, despite the presence of the GABAAR benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil is likely observed due to physiological upregulation of key neurosteroidogenic enzymes in response to the reduced pregnenolone synthesis by the mitochondria. By increasing pregnenolone via TSPO activation, it is possible to promote enhanced neurosteroidogenesis and increase GABAergic inhibitory tone via an alternate route. In diabetic neuropathy, mitochondrial dysfunction may play an important role. Enhancing the GABAergic neurosteroid tone could be of potential therapeutic benefit.
Incorporating health workers’ perspectives into a WHO guideline on personal protective equipment developed during an Ebola virus disease outbreak
Authors: Den Boon Saskia , Vallenas Constanza , Ferri Mauricio , Norris Susan L.
Published: March 2018

Background: Ebola virus disease (EVD) health facility transmission can result in infection and death of health workers. The World Health Organization (WHO) supports countries in preparing for and responding to public health emergencies, which often require developing new guidance in short timelines with scarce evidence. The objective of this study was to understand frontline physicians’ and nurses’ perspectives about personal protective equipment (PPE) use during the 2014-2016 EVD outbreak in West Africa and to incorporate these findings into the development process of a WHO rapid advice guideline.

Methods: We surveyed frontline physicians and nurses deployed to West Africa between March and September of 2014.

Results: We developed the protocol, obtained ethics approval, delivered the survey, analysed the data and presented the findings as part of the evidence-to-decision tables at the expert panel meeting where the recommendations were formulated within eight weeks. Forty-four physicians and nurses responded to the survey. They generally felt at low or extremely low risk of virus transmission with all types of PPE used. Eye protection reduced the ability to provide care, mainly due to impaired visibility because of fogging. Heat and dehydration were a major issue for 76% of the participants using goggles and for 64% using a hood. Both gowns and coveralls were associated with significant heat stress and dehydration. Most participants (59%) were very confident that they were using PPE correctly.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that it was possible to incorporate primary data on end-users’ preferences into a rapid advice guideline for a public health emergency in difficult field conditions. Health workers perceived a balance between transmission protection and ability to care for patients effectively while wearing PPE. These findings were used by the guideline development expert panel to formulate WHO recommendations on PPE for frontline providers caring for EVD patients in outbreak conditions.
Charity in the Laboratory: Matching, Competition, and Group Identity
Authors: Charness Gary , Holder Patrick
Published: March 2018

We conduct a laboratory experiment in which participants can make donations to real charities. We vary whether the experimenter provides matching funds for any such donations, and whether there is individual or team competition for these matching funds. Our results indicate that providing matching funds for all donations does increase donations from 23% to 33% of the endowment. While individual competition for matching funds had nearly the same effectiveness as matching all donations, by far the most effective approach was to form (anonymous) teams that competed for matching funds; this led to donations of 47% of the endowment. We appeal to the notion of group identity to explain our results—participants seemed to be reluctant to “let down their team” in a competition. Our results can be seen as providing support for the notion that combining group identity and competition creates a motivation that can potentially be harnessed effectively for prosocial purposes.

This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Corporate Innovation Along the Supply Chain
Authors: Chu Yongqiang , Tian Xuan , Wang Wenyu
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we document a positive effect of supplier–customer geographic proximity on supplier innovation. To establish causality, we explore plausibly exogenous variation in proximity caused by customer relocations. The positive effect of supplier–customer proximity on supplier innovation is stronger when customers are more innovative themselves, when suppliers and customers are closer in technological space, and when customers’ demand accounts for a larger fraction of suppliers’ total sales. These findings suggest that the feedback channel and the demand channel are likely underlying mechanisms through which supplier–customer proximity affects supplier innovation. Overall, our paper sheds new light on the real effect of supplier–customer relationship on corporate innovation.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
An Analysis of a Large-Scale Machine Repair Model
Authors: Momčilović Petar , Motaei Amir
Published: March 2018

A machine repair model under general operating/repair distributions is considered in the Quality-and-Efficiency Driven asymptotic (QED) regime: both the number of machines and the number of repairmen are large, while the capacity and offered load relate via the square-root staffing rule. Process-level convergence of the number of broken machines is established—the limit is in terms of the corresponding tractable infinite-repairmen process, a stationary centered Gaussian process.
A quick glimpse inside an outstanding school
Authors: Donaldson Gina
Published: March 2018

St Silas Primary is an outstanding school driven by an ethos of ‘each and every child’. Headteacher Gina Donaldson explains what it is that has led to the school's success in recent years
Grant-making trusts
Authors: Best Brin
Published: March 2018

Many schools do not consider applying to grant-making trusts for funding, even though they are well-placed to make successful bids. Brin Best explains more and lists some of his top trusts to apply to
A range of transition activities
Authors: Wing Jason
Published: March 2018

It is really worth the effort to get your primary to secondary school transition support processes right. Jason Wing takes us through the raft of activities that help to ensure year 7 pupils hit the ground running when they join his schools
The great unplanned lesson
Authors: Mallaghan Gerry
Published: March 2018

You arrive at school and unforeseen circumstances mean that you're covering a lesson in a subject you know little about – and with no preparation time. In the first of two articles, Gerry Mallaghan offers advice and quick activity ideas to help you survive…
Posteromedial bowing of the tibia: A benign condition or a case for limb reconstruction?
Authors: Wright J. , Hill R. A. , Eastwood D. M. , Hashemi-Nejad A. , Calder P. , Tennant S.
Published: March 2018

Purpose

To review the initial deformity and subsequent remodelling in posteromedial bowing of the tibia and the outcome of limb reconstruction in this condition.

Patients and Methods

In all, 38 patients with posteromedial bowing of the tibia presenting between 2000 and 2016 were identified. Mean follow-up from presentation was 78 months. A total of 17 patients underwent lengthening and deformity correction surgery, whilst three further patients are awaiting lengthening and deformity correction procedures.

Results

The greatest correction of deformity occurred in the first year of life, but after the age of four years, remodelling was limited. The absolute leg-length discrepancy (LLD) increased throughout growth with a mean 14.3% discrepancy in tibial length. In the lengthening group, mean length gained per episode was 45 mm (35 to 60). Mean duration in frame was 192 days, with a mean healing index of 42.4 days/cm. Significantly higher rates of recurrence in LLD were seen in those undergoing lengthening under the age of ten years (p = 0.046). Four contralateral epiphysiodeses were also performed.

Conclusion

Posteromedial bowing of the tibia improves spontaneously during the first years of life, but in 20/38 (53%) patients, limb reconstruction was indicated for significant residual deformity and/or worsening LLD. For larger discrepancies and persistent deformity, limb reconstruction with a hexapod external fixator should be considered as part of the treatment options.

Level of evidence

Level IV (Case series)
O filme diary of a wimpy kid no ensino da língua inglesa
Authors: Feldman Alba Krishna Topan , Alzão Luiz Sérgio Alzair
Published: March 2018

O objetivo desse artigo é destacar a funcionalidade da imagem como modalidade de construção de significados, e apresentar sugestões de letramento com o uso de filmes como uma das modalidades no ensino da língua inglesa, para nível fundamental. Nesse caso específico, o trabalho será embasado no filme Diary of a Wimpy Kid (2010), (Diário de um Banana), com legendas em inglês, adaptado do livro homônimo (2008) de autoria de Jeff Kinney. Atividades dessa natureza podem auxiliar o profissional de ensino a tornar sua aula mais dinâmica, interessante e despertar o interesse do aluno. O aporte teórico principal terá com base, a obra de Jane Sherman, Using Authentic Video in the Language Classroom (2003), que define alguns conceitos de como trabalhar um vídeo ao ministrar uma aula de língua inglesa; e, de Gunther Kress, The Literacy in the New Media Age (2003), que discorre sobre a presença cada vez maior da imagem no processo de comunicação.
A escrita sob o olhar do aluno no ensino médio: representações e reflexões
Authors: Batista-Santos Dalve Oliveira , Silva Dimas Henrique Pereira de Oliveira
Published: March 2018

A prática de escrita no Ensino Médio (EM) é temática de muitas pesquisas (KLEIMAN, 2007) que se preocupam com o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dessa tecnologia. Essas pesquisas elucubram a relevância de uma visão reflexiva e crítica para esse ambiente escolar. Batista-Santos (2017) constatou em sua pesquisa que a falta da proficiência escritora dos ingressantes no Ensino Superior (ES) se dá pela forma com que as capacidades escritoras são trabalhadas e desenvolvidas no EM. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo-interpretativista e se insere na área da Linguística Aplicada que, baseada nos Novos Estudos do Letramento (LEA e STREET, 1995, 2010, 2012; KLEIMAN 1995, 2007; SOARES, 2009) e pesquisadores da área de escrita (DOLZ e SCHNEUWLY, 2010; FIAD, 2011, 2015; BATISTA-SANTOS, 2017; dentre outros), busca investigar as representações de alunos do EM acerca de suas competências escritoras, levando em consideração o seu ingresso no Ensino Superior (ES). Para tanto, utilizamos a entrevista semiestruturada por ser uma técnica introspectiva, composta por questões discursivas e aplicadas aos alunos da rede estadual de ensino, no município de Palmas, no estado do Tocantins. Destarte, acreditamos que o estudo será relevante por possibilitar importantes reflexões a respeito das práticas de escrita utilizadas por alunos no EM. Além disso, essa pesquisa contribuirá para a identificação de possíveis problemas que permeiam o sistema educacional de ensino, no que se refere ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem da escrita.
Perceptions of Family Engagement and Support in SWIFT Schools
Authors: Gross Judith M. S. , Choi Jeong Hoon , Francis Grace L.
Published: March 2018

Recent research and federal legislation highlight the importance of family engagement and support. However, meaningful and effective family engagement does not always come to fruition in public schools. Developing and maintaining relationships with families can be especially challenging in an inclusive school setting, given the difficulty of blending general and special education requirements, policies, and practices. The purpose of this research was to investigate (a) the relationship between families' perceived support in 32 schools implementing the Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation (SWIFT) framework, a product of a federally funded technical assistance center; and (b) the degree to which the SWIFT framework was implemented with fidelity in these schools. Results of multilevel modeling indicated that, with the exception of the Inclusive Policy Structure and Practice domain, SWIFT implementation significantly and positively predicted families' perceptions of parent support. This finding suggests that effective implementation of the SWIFT framework can predict parents' participation in and shared information about child progress or school activities.
Discursive constructions of the summer 2015 refugee crisis: A comparative analysis of French, Dutch, Belgian francophone and British centre-of-right press narratives
Authors: Lams Lutgard
Published: March 2018

Studies in Communication Science indicate that repeated exposure to media has considerable potential to shape audience attitudes to and (dis)engagement with reported issues of public interest, such as migration flows. Therefore, this study examines representation practices of refugees in right-leaning elite press narratives of French-language Belgium, the United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands at the peak of the EU refugee crisis summer 2015. The discourse-analytical approach probes into the interpretative aspects of the news content by examining representation practices like collectivization/individuation of the protagonists and assignment of positive/negative semantic roles to the refugees, thereby giving/depriving them of agency and potentially enlisting readers’ compassion or creating a discourse of moral panic. To see whether the refugees have become the object of politicization, we also explore the semantic roles assigned to the three most frequently mentioned non-refugee actors common to the four newspapers (the EU, Germany and Hungary).
Representation of Syrian refugees in the Turkish media
Authors: Sunata Ulaş , Yıldız Esra
Published: March 2018

In social, economic and political terms, Turkey is playing a key role in the Syrian refugee crisis. The number of refugees crossing its border is now in the millions, which makes Turkey conspicuous as both a destination and a transit country. The social adaptation process is an important component of the refugee crises given that Syrian migrants are not temporary but permanent. Since Turkey has the largest number of refugees compared to any other (western) country, it is important to understand how Syrian refugees are perceived by Turkish citizens. By taking the significant influence of media on the integration process into account, the main purpose of this article was to document how Syrian refugees are represented in the media. To achieve the aim, 1,054 news articles published in the summer of 2015 by Turkey’s three largest active news agencies were examined by conducting content analysis. We evaluated temporal milestones and spatial importance in Turkish pattern of reporting refugee-related news and compared the positions of the news agencies. Our findings highlight three issues. Based on the major three codes (refugee policy, illegal crossings, refugee as victim) it is obvious that Syrian refugees in Turkish media are represented as victims struggling to survive. While integration and migration policies are an important part of the solution for the Syrian migration crisis, these topics are the three most reported in the news. Last, but not least, the big chunk of news about humanitarian aid proves that Syrian refugees are evaluated by media in human terms.
Immersive journalism and the migrant crisis: The case of Exils as a mobile radio reportage
Authors: Sacco Vittoria , Gorin Valérie , Schiau Nicolae
Published: March 2018

This article retraces a conversation with Nicolae Schiau – a radio journalist at RTS (the French-speaking Swiss national radio and television broadcaster) – and the face behind Exils. This ‘augmented’ reportage followed the journey of six young migrants from the Syrian border to Germany and France. The two editors of this special issue interviewed Schiau to question him about his practice as a paradigmatic example of important shifts in crisis-reporting, in terms of format, relationship with the audience and sources as well as personal experience (as a journalist and human being). By using innovative forms of immersive journalism and storytelling, Exils therefore illustrates how combining mobile journalism and traditional reporting practices can meaningfully increase visibility in the media of people previously voiceless, and can potentially provide alternative perspectives on an event by reaching a wider audience, who might not be initially concerned by the situation.
Journalistic practices in the representation of Europe’s 2014–2016 migrant and refugee crisis
Authors: Sacco Vittoria , Gorin Valérie
Published: March 2018

Since its surge in 2014, the migrant and refugee crisis has been a major issue for the European community, not only impacting the geopolitical, economic, societal and humanitarian sectors but also challenging media practices, narratives and framings. This special issue investigates journalistic routines, norms and representations of migrants and refugees in western mainstream and digital media by questioning innovations in journalistic practices. Drawing on a wide range of case studies and various methodological approaches, the contributions in this issue, both from scholars and practitioners, analyse different journalistic ecosystems and visual narratives. Have stereotypical portrayals of migrants and refugees from previous episodes of massive displacement been challenged? How were the visual politics of migration shaped by a humanization discourse? To what extent did editorial choices and newswork routines adapt to this type of crisis reporting? How have media narratives shifted through several western contexts to engage audiences into this human tragedy? In the end, this issue aims at exploring a variety of dynamic approaches related to the media perspective on representations of migration and refugee studies, in the light of new potentials offered by storytelling and immersive forms of journalism.
Spaces of resistance in the de-westernization of journalism curricula narrative in post-1994 South Africa
Authors: Dube Bevelyn , Rabe Lizette
Published: March 2018

Since 1994, the call to de-westernize journalism education and training curricula has been a major narrative in South Africa’s transformation discourses. Journalism education and training institutions have responded to this call by holding conferences, colloquia, seminars and symposia to try and find ways of de-westernizing journalism curricula, which they argue are ill-suited to meeting the needs of a ‘new’ democratic and transforming South Africa. However, though these calls have been consistently made both inside and outside Africa, there is no agreement amongst scholars what exactly the process of de-westernization of journalism curricula would entail. This article reflects on the possible trajectories that the process of de-westernization would follow, as well as interrogates the feasibility of de-westernizing journalism curricula in the post-1994 South African context. The article highlights the contradictions and complexities inherent in the de-westernization narrative in South Africa.
African media representation of FOCAC VI: Towards balanced reporting for effective narratives on China-Africa relationships
Authors: Yanqiu Zhang , Matingwina Simon
Published: March 2018

The sixth Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) co-hosted by China and South Africa in Johannesburg was historic in that it was an event to chart the next stage of China-Africa relations. The event was also symbolic in showcasing that FOCAC is co-owned by China and Africa. In view of the growing China-Africa relationship under FOCAC, this study investigates how the media from four main regions in Africa framed this FOCAC. The voices that narrate the FOCAC story, dominant themes and tones were examined from the selected media in South Africa (The Star), Kenya (Daily Nation), Nigeria (Vanguard) and Egypt (Ahram Online). The findings shows that voices of Chinese officials dominated the media in South Africa and Kenya while African voices were given overwhelming focus in Nigeria and Egypt. Optimistic frames and themes were largely used by the media. On the whole, there is evident convergence of outcomes of FOCAC and the narratives in the media which suggests more balanced representation of the China-Africa relations. However, there is bias towards hard and event focused news at the expense of in-depth features that create understanding on fundamental issues such as how FOCAC interacts with the African development goals. Against this view, it is argued that the challenge for the media in Africa is to explore more approaches for effective narratives that dispel misrepresentations and resultant misunderstandings about FOCAC and the China-Africa relationship.
Theatre as alternative media in Zimbabwe: Selected case studies from Matabeleland
Authors: Mpofu Mandlenkosi , Moyo Cletus
Published: March 2018

Popular theatre occupies a special space in Matabeleland because it is situated in the everyday lives of ordinary people, and is able to articulate their experiences and to create spaces for them to ‘speak to power’. In the wake of the Gukurahundi massacres and perceived marginalization of Matabeleland in the 1980s, theatre groups used their plays to probe issues that were shunned by mainstream media. We argue that theatre has been used as part of radical citizen media in a context in which mainstream public spheres are restricted. We also demonstrate that theatre groups in Matabeleland have shifted between ‘Matabeleland particularism’ and addressing broader, ‘national’ concerns, reflecting historical context. However, theatre is not always used to express views that support the downtrodden against the establishment. In the Matabeleland case and also Zimbabwe as a whole, theatre has also been employed by the state and other pro-establishment groups for ideological mobilization.
Public perceptions of the media as a political actor in South Africa: Regarding the Mail & Guardian
Authors: Tyali Siyasanga M.
Published: March 2018

Global trends indicate that the media is often directly involved in influencing the citizenry through its political communication role. In some established ‘liberal’ democracies, the media actively campaigns for some political parties whilst denouncing others. In this research paper the concept of the press as a political actor in South Africa is examined. This is done through the analysis of online comments responding to the Mail & Guardian’s editorial message/communiqué on its political position during the country’s most recent provincial and national elections. Primarily, the main objective of the research article is to draw conclusions on reactions and perceptions emanating from the newspaper’s political message. For the purpose of this article, I used agenda-setting theory to indicate that the editorial message is an extension of the media’s objective of focusing our attention on certain issues. In this instance, that objective was a call by this respected national weekly publishing media platform to dilute the votes of the governing African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa. To make sense of research results, the data underpinning this article was imbedded within the qualitative research paradigm and for the purpose of analysing patterns in the research data; I applied the thematic analysis approach by dividing the comments into subgroups. In reference to other nuanced roles of the media, the results of the research indicate that in South Africa, little is understood about the functions of the media beyond its role as a conveyer belt of communicating information in a neutral and objective manner.
Huzur Dersleri Mukarrirlerinden Tosyalı İsmail Zühtü Efendi’nin Tefsir Metninin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇELİK Ersin
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışmada, 1880-1909 yılları arasında, aralıksız olarak 29 yıl Huzur Dersleri’ne iştirak etmiş Tosyalı İsmail Zühtü Efendi (ö. 1909)’nin kaleminden çıkmış bir tefsir metni, dersin formatına uygun olarak sorulan sorular ve cevapları incelenmektedir. Tefsir, soru-cevap ve dua kısmı olarak üç bölümde hazırlanmış olan metinde, tefsir edilen ayetin önceki ayetle irtibatının kurulduğu görülmektedir. Sorulan sorular ise daha çok dil ağırlıklı olmakla birlikte az da olsa Kur’an’a bütüncül bakışın izlerini yansıtan sorular da sorulmuştur.
İmam-Hatip Liselerinde Görev Yapan Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Doyum Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: AŞLAMACI İbrahim
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışmada İmam-Hatip Liselerinde görev yapan öğretmenlerin mesleki doyum düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.  Araştırma betimsel tarama ve karşılaştırmalı ilişkisel tarama modellerinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada TÜİK’in Türkiye bölgeler sınıflamasından yararlanılarak belirlenen 14 ilde bulunan İmam Hatip Liselerinde görev yapan toplam 1113 öğretmene 2015-2016 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada veri toplama araçları olarak kişisel bilgi formu ile birlikte öğretmenlerin mesleki doyum düzeylerini tespit etmek amacıyla Kuzgun, Sevim ve Hamamcı tarafından geliştirilen “mesleki doyum ölçeği” (1999) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, betimsel analizlerle birlikte, bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda İHL’lerde görev yapan öğretmenlerin mesleki doyumlarının “yüksek” düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırmada İHL’lerde görev yapan öğretmenlerin mesleki doyumlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir.
Hadislerin Bağlamının Tespitinde İhtisar ve Takti’ Uygulamasının Neden Olduğu Sorunlar
Authors: İSTEMİ Fuat
Published: March 2018

Hz. Peygamber (s.a.v.)’in hadislerini sonraki nesillere aktaran raviler hadisler üzerinde birtakım tasarruflarda bulunmuşlardır. Bu tasarruflar bazen hadislerin anlaşılamamasına hatta yanlış anlaşılmasına dahi neden olabilmiştir.  Özellikle de bazı hadislerin uzun olması nedeniyle ravilerin bunları özetleme yoluna gitmeleri, hadisin muhtevasında var olan bazı ayrıntıların kaybolmasına neden olmuştur. Kaybolan bu ayrıntıların başında hadisin ortaya çıktığı bağlamın tespit edilememesi yer almaktadır. Hadisi özet olarak aktaran ravi, hadisin anlaşılmasına yardımcı olacak bir takım ayrıntıları kasıtlı ya da kasıtsız olarak çıkardığı için hadisin bağlamı tespit edilememekte dolayısıyla hadisten Hz. Peygamber’in kastının ne olduğu bazen anlaşılamamaktadır. Aynı şekilde ravilerin ve musanniflerin uygulamış oldukları takti’ yöntemi de hadislerin anlaşılmasının önündeki bir başka engeldir. Çünkü bu yöntemle parçalara ayrılan ve her bir parçası farklı kitap ve bab başlıkları altında aktarılan hadisin parçaları bütünden koparıldığı için hadis anlaşılamamakta ya da yanlış anlaşılmaktadır. Biz de bazı örnek hadisler üzerinden ihtisar ve takti’ yönteminin neden olduğu problemleri ortaya koymaya ve bu problemlerin çözümüne yönelik bir araştırmaya giriştik.
İnanç ve Düşünce Özgürlüğü Bağlamında İslâm’ın Kılıç Zoruyla Yayıldığı İddialarına Karşı İmam Mâtürîdî’nin Yaklaşımı
Authors: Önal Recep
Published: March 2018

Kur’an, Gayr-ı Müslimlere ilişkin istedikleri inançları özgürce seçebilmeleri ve yaşayabilmeleri için pozitif bir tutum sergilenmiştir. Bununla birlikte Müslümanlara, insanlığın huzurunu bozdukları için başta Arap müşrikleri olmak üzere Gayr-ı Müslimlere karşı savaşmaları da emredilmiştir. Tefsir literatüründe “kıtal ve seyf ayetleri” olarak bilinen ayetlerin İslâm’ın insanlar için benimsediği din hürriyetiyle nasıl bağdaştırılacağı meselesi tartışmalara neden olmuştur. Özellikle bu tür ayetlerden hareketle İslam’da din özgürlüğünün olmadığı, İslâm’ın kılıç zoruyla yayıldığına yönelik iddialarda bulunulmuştur. Bu iddialar karşısında Müslüman âlimler İslâm’ın barış dini olduğu, bu nedenle dinde zorlamanın olamayacağı hususu üzerinde durarak, ileri sürülen iddialara cevap vermeye çalışmışlardır. Bu makalede İmam Mâtürîdî’nin seyf ve kıtal ayetlerini nasıl yorumladığı ve İslâm’ın kılıç zoruyla yayıldığı iddialarını nasıl değerlendiği ele alınacaktır. İmam Mâtürîdî Te’vîlât’ın farklı yerlerinde bu konuya ayrıntılı olarak temas etmiş, bununla ilgili iddiaları naklederek aklî ve naklî delillerle çürütmeye çalışmıştır. Ayrıca bu tür ayetlerinin nasıl yorumlanması gerektiğine ilişkin önemli değerlendirmelerde bulunmuştur.
İbn Teymiyye’nin Selefî Kelâmı: Tarihsel ve Yapısal Bir Analiz
Authors: KURT Erkan
Published: March 2018

Kelamın, hususen cedelci yapıda icra edilen kelamın reddedilmesi, selefî geleneğin aslî bir unsuru olarak bilinir. Mezhepler tarihinin modern literatüründe sıkça rastladığımız bu genel kabul kimi zaman bir indirgeme hatası, kimi zaman da bir kavram kargaşası olmalıdır. Çünkü itikad sahasında konuşmak, tartışmak, yorum yapmak anlamında kelam söz konusu gelenek içinde baştan beri nispeten uygulanmış, nihayet İbn Teymiyye’nin şahsında tamamen benimsenmiştir. İbn Teymiyye’nin selefî kelamı, mufassal tahlil ve münakaşa üzere icra edilmesi bakımından Eş‘arî kelamına benzer, ne var ki ilk dönem selefî literatürü gibi meseleci yapıda olduğundan sistematik değildir. İbn Teymiyye’nin sünnî-selefî bir kelamcı sayılabileceğini savunan bu makale, onun geliştirdiği kelamın temel yapısını irdelemekte, tarihî kökenini ve âkıbetini sorgulamaktadır.
Abbasî Halîfesi ve Frenk Hükümdarı Büyük Karl İlişkisi
Authors: Karakuş Nadir
Published: March 2018

IX. yüzyılın hemen başlarında Abbasi İmparatorluğu Doğu’nun en parlak ülkesidir. Aynı zamanda Batı’da da hayranlıkla izlenmektedir. Abbasi halifesi Harûn Reşid, daha şehzade iken İmparatoriçe İrene’yi itaat altına alarak cizye vermeye mahkûm etmişti. Halife olduktan sonra da, Bizans İmparatoru Nikeforos itaate yanaşmayınca, Konya Ereğli’ye kadar gelerek İmparatordan bağlılık yemini almış ve cizye miktarını artırarak ona boyun eğdirmişti. Bizans ile güç mücadelesi içindeki Batı’daki güçlü Charlemagne de Harûn’u hayranlıkla izlemektedir. Charlemagne’nin komşusu Endülüs ise, Harûn ile mücadele içindedir. Endülüs Müslümanları da Franklar karşısında bu sıralarda Pireneler’de durdurulmuşlardır. Ortak menfaatler Charlemagne ile Harûn’u birbirlerine yaklaştırır. Karşılıklı elçi alışverişinde bulunulur. Kudüs’e gidecek hacıların güvenliği ve karşılıklı işbirliği öngörülmektedir. Elçilik heyetlerinin gönderilmesi yanında iki Hükümdar’ın birbirlerine hediyeler göndermeleri ve bu hediyelerin mahiyeti ile ilgili masalımsı ve efsanevî detaylar, bu ilişkiyi gölgede bırakarak, tarihi bir olayı adeta magazinleştirir. Doğu’nun zenginlikleri ve refahı Batı’da farklı algılarla abartılır, “Bin Bir Gece Masalları”nın da etkisiyle gerçekleri gölgede bırakır. Oldukça abartılan bu hediye edilen nesneler, mahiyeti aydınlatılması gereken elzem bir mesele haline geldiği için böyle bir araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulmuş ve gerçekler tarihî olaylar ışığında açığa çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır
Hızır-İlyas Kabulü Bağlamında Anadolu’da Kutsal Mekân Algısının Yeniden İnşası Sorunu -Elvan Çelebi Zâviyesi Örneği-
Authors: GÜNDÜZÇZ Güldane
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışma, özelde Elvan Çelebi zâviyesinin, genelde ise ortaçağ İslâm dünyasında devamlı surette değişen sınır bölgelerindeki kutsal alanların dönüştürülmesinde Hızır-İlyas kabulünün rolünü incelemektedir. Daha çok müsteşriklere ait farklı görüşler incelendiğinde bu zâviyenin geçmişi hakkında Hıristiyanlık etkisine bağlı olarak diyalektik bir köken iddiasını öngören üç temel teorinin geliştirilmiş olduğu görülmektedir. İlk teorinin sahibi Hasluck’un ilgisi özellikle çifte kutsallık (Doppelheiligtum) olgusu olarak bilinen ve Hıristiyan ve Müslüman kutsal mekânları arasındaki özdeşliğe dayanmaktadır. İkinci teori Wolper tarafından ortaya atılmış olup, Elvan Çelebi Zâviyesi’nin mevkiinin varsayılan Hıristiyan geçmişine atıfta bulunmak üzere yapıda spolia adı verilen devşirme antik inşaat malzemesinin kasıtlı kullanıldığı tezine dayanmaktadır. Her halükârda her iki teori St. Theodore ve St. George gibi Hıristiyan azizler ile Anadolu tasavvuf tarihinde yer bulan Hızır-İlyas kabulü arasında bir bağlantı kurma temeline dayanmaktadır. On altıncı yüzyılda Ogier Ghislain de Busbecq (ö. 1591) ve Hans Dernschwam (ö. 1568) tarafından ortaya konulan üçüncü teori ise mimari değerlendirmeleri aşarak keşişler ve dervişler arasındaki analojiyi öne çıkarmaktadır. Bu husus konuyu sadece mimarinin değil, değerler manzumesi bakımından tasavvuf tarihi ve İslâm düşüncesinin bir problemine dönüştürmektedir. Bu çerçevede makale, Elvan Çelebi Zâviyesi’nin inşasındaki muhtemel stratejinin mahiyetini ve bu hususta Menâkıbü’l-Kudsiyye fî Menâsibi’l-Ünsiyye adlı eserin fonksiyonunu sorgulamaktadır. Çalışmada Hıristiyanlık etkisi tezine aykırı olarak zâviyenin konumu ile ilgili İslâmî dinamiklerin de rol oynamış olabileceği hususu incelenmek suretiyle stratejik bir metin olarak Menâkıb’ın yapısal olarak tahliline yer verilmekte ayrıca döneme ait toplumsal şartlar incelenmektedir.
Kur’an’da Hz. Peygamber’in Günah İşleme İmkânı (Nisa Suresi 105-107. Ayetler Örneği)
Authors: PAK Süleyman
Published: March 2018

Kur’an’da günah ile ilgili farklı kavramlar kullanılmıştır. Peygamberlerin günah işleyip işleyemeyeceği meselesi de bazı görüş ayrılıkları bulunmakla birlikte ismet kavramı ile tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Kur’an’da yer alan ve Hz. Peygamberin şahsına hitap ederek emir ve nehy kalıbında kendisini uyaran konuların günah kapsamında değerlendirilip değerlendirilemeyeceği hususunu Nisa suresi 105 ve  devamındaki ayetlere konu olan bir mesele örnekliğinde incelemektedir. Müfessirlerin bir kısmı ayetlerin inişine neden olan olayı merkeze alarak konuya açıklama getirirken, bir kısmı da ayetlerdeki murad-ı ilahinin ne olduğuna ve her döneme hitap eden mesajına dikkat çekmektedir. Bu da doğal olarak Resûlullah’ın (s) olaydaki konumunu değerlendirmeyi zorunlu kılmıştır. Ayetlerde her ne kadar hitap elçiye olsa da onun bu fiili işlediğine dair hiçbir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. O halde hitap hüküm verme makamında olan her mükellefi kapsamaktadır. Onun kanaatinin günah kapsamında değerlendirilemeyeceği, aksine adaletin tecelli etmesinde kendisine ilahi yardımın geldiği ve Allah’ın, elçisini olumsuz sonuçlara yol açan meselelerde daima koruduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Ayetlerdeki hitap tarzının Kur’an’ın üslup özelliği ile ilgili olduğu görülmektedir.
Judges’ Legal Reasoning on Child Protection: Analysis of Religious Courts’ Decisions on the Case of Child Parentage
Authors: Wahyudi Muhamad Isna
Published: March 2018

This paper examines four religious courts’ decisions on child legal status, especially child parentage, after Constitutional Court’s decision on the legal status of child born out of wedlock. The Constitutional Court’s decision has triggered controversy on the rights of child born out of wedlock due to lack of explanation concerning term ‘civil legal relationship with the biological father’. To study the decisions, the author uses legal philosophy approach, both in legal science and Islamic law, focused on legal reasoning used by judges in decisions on child parentage. As the result, the author finds two types of legal reasoning employed by judges of religious courts  in dealing with cases of child parentage, doctrinal-deductive legal reasoning and maṣlaḥa based legal reasoning. It argues that the employment of doctrinal-deductive legal reasoning by the judges has not benefitted children and therefore the protection of child’s rights has not been optimally made nd that the employment of maṣlaḥa based legal reasoning by the judges has led to the better protection of child’s rights.[Tulisan ini membahas empat putusan pengadilan agama terkait status hukum anak, khususnya waris anak, setelah dikeluarkannya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) tentang status hukum anak di luar nikah. Putusan MK telah memicu kontroversi karena kesenjangan penjelasan tentang adanya hak perdata seorang anak yang lahir di luar nikah dengan ayah biologisnya. Dalam mengkaji persoalan ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan filsafat hukum, baik secara ilmiah atau hukum Islam, yang fokus pada argumentasi hukum para hakim dalam kasus hak waris anak. Penulis setidaknya menemukan dua tipe argumentasi yang digunakan para hakim dalam kasus tersebut, yaitu: alasan hukum legal deduktif-doktrinal dan alasan hukum berbasis maṣlaḥah. Tipe yang pertama cenderung melemahkan perlindungan hak anak, sedangkan tipe kedua justru akan menguatkan hak anak.]
A Spatiotemporal Stochastic Framework Of Groundwater Fluctuation Analysis On The South - Eastern Part Of The Great Hungarian Plain
Authors: Fehér Zsolt Zoltán
Published: March 2018

The current study was performed on a Hungarian area where the groundwater has been highly affected in the past 40 years by climate change. The stochastic estimation framework of groundwater as a spatiotemporally varying dynamic phenomenon is proposed. The probabilistic estimation of the water depth is performed as a joint realization of spatially correlated hydrographs, where parametric temporal trend models are fitted to the measured time series thereafter regionalized in space. Two types of trend models are evaluated. Due to its simplicity the purely mathematical trend can be used to analyze long-term groundwater trends, the average water fluctuation range and to determine the most probable date of peak groundwater level. The one which takes advantage of the knowledge of expected groundwater changes, clearly over performed the purely mathematical model, and it is selected for the construction of a spatiotemporal trend. Model fitting error values are considered as a set of stochastic time series which expresses short-term anomalies of the groundwater, and they are modelled as joint space-time distribution. The resulting spatiotemporal residual field is added to the trend field, thus resulting 125 simulated realizations, which are evaluated probabilistically. The high number of joint spatiotemporal realizations provides alternative groundwater datasets as boundary conditions for a wide variety of environmental models, while the presented procedure behaves more robust over non-complete datasets.
Effects of climate change on the spread of zika virus: a public health threat
Authors: Asad Hina , Carpenter David O.
Published: March 2018

Zika is a vector-borne viral disease transmitted to humans primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The increased climate instability has contributed to the emergence of infections carried by mosquitoes like dengue, chikungunya and zika. While infection with the zika virus is not new, the recent epidemic of microcephaly in Brazil and other countries in South America resulting from the infection of pregnant women with the zika virus raise a number of serious public health concerns. These include the question of how climate change affects the range of zika vectors, what can we do to shorten the length of mosquito season, how and why the symptoms of zika infection have changed and what can be done to reduce the burden of human disease from this infection? Another important question that needs to be answered is what are the factors that caused the zika virus to leave the non-human primates and/or other mammals and invade the human population?
Derivative structures based on the sphere packing
Authors: Umayahara Akihiro , Nespolo Massimo
Published: March 2018

A significant number of non-molecular crystal structures can be described as derivative structures of sphere packings, with variable degrees of distortion. The undistorted sphere packing model with all the cavities completely occupied is the aristotype, from which an idealized model of the real structure can be obtained as a substitution, undistorted hettotype. The real structure can then be seen as a distorted derivative of the substitution hettotype. In this article we revive the symbolism introduced by Zoltai and Stout to describe the substitution hettotypes and compare these with the corresponding real structures. In most cases, the distortions are small or even negligible. For some structures, a significant departure from the substitution hettotype is observed, which however does not prevent to adopt the same description as a unifying scheme.
Effects of Heavy Squat Training on a Vibration Platform on Maximal Strength and Jump Performance in Resistance-Trained Men
Authors: Hammer Roger L. , Linton Joshua T. , Hammer Adam M.
Published: March 2018

Hammer, RL, Linton, JT, and Hammer, AM. Effects of heavy squat training on a vibration platform on maximal strength and jump performance in resistance-trained men.J Strength Cond Res32(7): 1809–1815, 2018—The purpose of this investigation was to determine maximal strength and jump performance outcomes of heavy squat training on a low-amplitude (<1.0 mm peak-to-peak) vibration platform (VP). Nineteen recreationally resistance-trained college-aged men (22.3 ± 1.66 years) completed the 6-week study. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 training groups: SQT (n= 10) performed conventional back squats on the floor and SQTV (n= 9) performed back squats on the VP. Supervised training took place over 12 sessions (2 d·wk−1), which used an aggressive strength development protocol (85–95% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]), which was identically followed by both groups. After the intervention, both groups showed (viat-test) a marked increase (p< 0.001) in 1RM squat strength (SQT = 34.5 kg vs. SQTV = 36.2 kg), but there was no significant difference (via mixed analysis of variance) between groups (p= 0.875). Standing broad jump performance increased by an average of 5–6 cm, but was not significantly changed in either group (SQT;p= 0.199, SQTV;p= 0.087). In conclusion, squats performed with whole body vibration (WBV) were not superior to conventional squats with respect to maximal strength and jump performance outcomes. It seems that there was no additive effect of superimposed WBV training on strength beyond that caused by strength training alone. This study can help strength conditioning professionals and athletes make an informed decision on whether to invest in a VP and use WBV as an alternative or a complementary mode of training.