bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Bitcoin Volatility during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Examination Using ARCH and GARCH Models
Authors: Ünlü Ulaş , Bayram Vildan
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on the global economy and financial markets, including a significant impact on the cryptocurrency markets. This study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 process on bitcoin price movements. The study examines the daily price data of bitcoin between 01/03/2020 and 01/04/2022 and uses ARCH and GARCH models to estimate volatility. The results show that there was a significant increase in bitcoin volatility during the initial period of the pandemic. This reflects a period when the pandemic increased uncertainty in financial markets and spurred investor interest in cryptocurrencies. While the ARCH model showed limited success in analyzing the short-term dynamics of volatility, the GARCH model captured the long-term trends in volatility more effectively. However, both models were insufficient to fully predict the sudden and extreme increases in volatility observed during crisis periods such as the pandemic. In addition to analyzing the impact of the pandemic on cryptocurrency markets, the study provides important implications for investor behavior and volatility management. In this context, it highlights the importance of developing risk management and regulatory frameworks in cryptocurrency markets.
Metapesquisa: um caminho para o reconhecimento da importância das animações instrucionais no ensino de língua portuguesa
Authors: Mappa Andréa da Silva Brandão
Published: January 2025

Este artigo é parte de uma dissertação, que teve como objetivo geral contribuir para a formação docente, quanto à construção de materiais didáticos digitais, considerando a crescente presença das tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação (TDICs) no ambiente escolar. Dessa forma, este estudo tem por objetivo mapear estudos sobre animação instrucional a fim de organizar os principais resultados sobre o tema. O corpus é composto pelo percurso seguido em busca de arcabouço teórico para a investigação, bem como a definição de metapesquisa (pesquisa sobre pesquisa) como estratégia de pesquisa, com base nos estudos de Mainardes (2018). Os procedimentos de análise se compõem de leitura exploratória dos artigos e observação de seus embasamentos teóricos.  Com o diagnóstico produzido, percebeu-se a recorrência das teorias da carga cognitiva (SWELLER, 2003) e da teoria de aprendizagem multimídia (MAYER, 2005) como fundamentação para o uso de animações instrucionais na educação. Além disso, notou-se que ainda há espaço para estudos deste tema, aplicado ao ensino de conteúdos de língua portuguesa para os anos finais do ensino fundamental. Pondera-se, então, que a metapesquisa é um importante instrumento para a compreensão do contexto de produção acadêmica na área do estudo do tema em questão.
A relação trabalho-educação e as reformas curriculares no Brasil: implicações para a gestão escolar
Authors: Oliveira Luis Carlos de , Fioravante Giareta Paulo
Published: January 2025

Este artigo aborda a relação entre as reformas curriculares e a gestão escolar no sistema educacional brasileiro. Responde pelo objetivo de analisar as exigências demandadas pelo sistema educacional para o gestor escolar no âmbito das políticas públicas, com centralidade para as políticas educacionais. Metodologicamente, o estudo estrutura-se como exercício analítico-crítico, com aporte na abordagem crítica e auxílio da técnica da Análise Documental. Em caráter conclusivo, o texto aponta para a incidência das reformas curriculares, como da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), como estratégia para adequação e produção de perfil da gestão escolar no Brasil de forma mais conveniente para as demandas da complexidade da relação trabalho-educação no atual modelo de organização social capitalista.
Desafios e potencialidades da inteligência artificial na educação profissional: tecnologias digitais, gestão e inclusão
Authors: Moreira de Souza Francisco Wallisson
Published: January 2025

Este estudo explora os desafios e oportunidades da aplicação da Inteligência Artificial (IA) na Educação Profissional, com foco em tecnologias digitais, gestão, avaliação, multilinguagens e a IA. O objetivo principal é analisar criticamente como a IA pode transformar a educação profissional, destacando os principais desafios e potenciais associados à sua implementação. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa foi conduzida através de uma revisão aprofundada de nove artigos recentes, abrangendo tanto a teoria quanto as práticas atuais na área. O percurso metodológico incluiu a análise detalhada de artigos científicos, revisão de literatura e discussão de casos de aplicação prática da IA. A conclusão do estudo revela que, embora a IA ofereça oportunidades significativas para personalização da aprendizagem, otimização da gestão e inclusão, existem desafios substanciais a serem enfrentados, como a necessidade de infraestrutura tecnológica adequada, capacitação contínua dos educadores, e a gestão ética de dados. O estudo destaca a importância de uma abordagem equilibrada e integrada, que considere tanto os aspectos técnicos quanto pedagógicos e éticos, para garantir que a IA seja implementada de maneira eficaz e benéfica para todos os alunos na educação profissional.
Profissionalidade docente no ensino superior como tema de investigação e o status das pesquisas
Authors: Marcondes de Morais Juliana , Silvestre Magali Aparecida
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo foi produzido a partir de um estudo bibliográfico realizado paralelamente com o estado da arte de uma tese de doutorado, em andamento, na área da Educação: “Programa de aperfeiçoamento didático da Unifesp: contribuições e desafios do estágio de docência na pós-graduação stricto sensu para o início da constituição da profissionalidade docente”.  A referida tese propõe investigar o processo formativo de pós-graduandos no estágio de docência da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, buscando identificar e compreender elementos que figuram como fatores iniciais para a constituição da profissionalidade docente dos egressos participantes, mediante às contribuições e os desafios do Programa de Aperfeiçoamento Didático (PAD). O estudo bibliográfico analisou oito (8) artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, relacionados à temática profissionalidade docente no ensino superior, e selecionados a partir de filtros de busca no portal de periódicos da CAPES. A pergunta que norteou a análise foi: o que apresentam os estudos sobre profissionalidade docente no ensino superior? Teve como objetivo principal investigar o que as pesquisas sobre profissionalidade docente no ensino superior têm produzido sobre essa temática e como objetivos específicos: a) realizar um estudo bibliográfico a partir do levantamento de artigos sobre profissionalidade docente no ensino superior; b) compilar os estudos encontrados e formular o foco das pesquisas. Os resultados da análise revelaram que os estudos sobre profissionalidade docente no ensino superior valorizam as experiências e os relatos dos docentes, buscando compreender, refletir e discutir a constituição da profissionalidade e identidade docente a partir da trajetória profissional e de programas de formação continuada.
O processo de comunicação e as relações intergeracionais na educação profissional e técnica
Authors: Medeiros Jose Carlos de , Kanaane Roberto , Frate Flavia
Published: January 2025

O presente estudo trata sobre o impacto da comunicação no relacionamento intergeracional segundo a percepção de docentes e discentes em unidades de uma instituição de Educação Profissional e Técnica. Fundamenta-se nos aportes sobre comunicação, relacionamento interpessoal, relações intergeracionais, diversidade geracional, geração, administração e resolução de conflitos, tendo por base teóricos como Mainnheim, Grubb, Moscovici, Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, Torquato Rego, Ruiz, Vinha e Tognetta, Jakobson, Rahmat, Redorta, entre outros. A pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar a presença de conflitos intergeracionais no relacionamento discente/docente, destacando os possíveis motivos existentes para tais, caracterizar o perfil de discentes e docentes bem como estratégias e táticas de comunicação no relacionamento entre eles. A metodologia tratou de uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada, de abordagem “quali-quantitativa”, com caráter exploratório, descritivo e também de estudo de múltiplos casos. A partir disso, possibilitou-se apreender que a comunicação entre professor e aluno e alunos entre si, sob a ótica de ambos, impacta nas relações intergeracionais e interpessoais, na aprendizagem e na minimização e resolução de conflitos. Identificou-se ainda que as relações mais conflituosas são aquelas entre alunos, seguidas pela relação entre alunos e professores, com destaque para os conflitos de relações pessoais, de comunicação e de informação.
Avaliação do desempenho na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica: os IFs na perspectiva da região Sudeste brasileira
Authors: Martins Denise Maria , Santos Claudia Alexandre dos , Azevedo Marília Macorin de
Published: January 2025

A avaliação da educação no Brasil começou sistematicamente nos anos 1970 e tornou-se mais abrangente nas décadas seguintes. No caso dos Institutos Federais, a avaliação também é orientada por indicadores estabelecidos pelo TCU. A partir desse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o desempenho do Instituto Federal de São Paulo (IFSP) no período de 2021 a 2023, comparando-o com outros Institutos Federais da região Sudeste, usando indicadores de eficiência acadêmica (eficiência acadêmica, taxa de evasão, taxa de retenção e taxa de conclusão). A pesquisa realizada tem uma abordagem quantitativa descritiva, analisando dados dos indicadores de desempenho do IFSP e outros Institutos Federais da região Sudeste, disponíveis na Plataforma Nilo Peçanha, por meio de estatísticas descritivas e análise gráfica para comparar o desempenho. O estudo revela que o desempenho acadêmico do IFSP é inferior aos demais Institutos da região Sudeste, com destaque para a baixa eficiência acadêmica e alta taxa de evasão. Isso sugere a necessidade de reflexão sobre o projeto pedagógico dos cursos e o impacto das políticas públicas educacionais. O estudo aponta para a necessidade de intervenções para melhorar a qualidade e a retenção dos alunos no IFSP.
Reuse of Domestic Vernacular Architecture in the Current Context: Residential Analysis of the Hallway, Patio and Backyard House
Authors: Gómez Martínez Vidal , Grazia Turco Maria
Published: January 2025

This paper is the result of the joint research process carried out by the authors in the context of the visiting professor programme of Sapienza University of Rome, in which they have had the opportunity to participate on several occasions. It focuses on the analysis of the methodological difficulties inherent to the documentation of vernacular domestic architecture and the possibilities opened up by new technologies. As a case study, we take the hallway, patio and backyard house, a typology typical of the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, identified and characterised by the authors in previous works. Starting from the typological definition of the hallway, patio and backyard house, the paper analyses the strategies used in Andalusia for the documentation of vernacular domestic architecture and contrasts them with the application of new survey systems based on laser scanning. Finally, as a reflection of the potential of these tools, the residential capacity of the hallway, patio and backyard house is analysed, an analysis that would be impossible to carry out with the techniques previously employed.
Artificial Intelligence in Decision-making: A Test of Consistency between the “EU AI Act” and the “General Data Protection Regulation”
Authors: Sarra Claudio
Published: January 2025

The recent Regulation that sets down harmonised rules on Artificial Intelligence in the European Union, known as the "AI Act," includes a significant requirement for human oversight in high-risk AI systems during their use (art. 14). This requirement embodies the "human-in-command" approach, ensuring both legal and ethical compliance. The AI Act is intended to complement the General Data Protection Regulation (hereinafter GDPR), thereby forming a consistent and comprehensive legal framework. This paper focuses on AI systems producing decisions and examines the consistency of the AI Act's mandatory human oversight measures (art. 14) with GDPR's provisions on decisions based solely on automated processing (art. 22). At first glance, the provisions seem mutually exclusive. Mandatory human oversight under the AI Act could render art. 22 of GDPR inapplicable, as it applies only to decisions made by automated processing, implying no human involvement in decision-making. However, art. 22 of GDPR provides crucial safeguards for individuals, such as the right to human intervention, the ability to express opinions, and the right to contest decisions. This raises questions about whether the AI Act will exhaust these safeguards, and if it is capable of providing equivalent protection for decisions made by AI systems. This paper aims to analytically address these questions and arguments for a revision of the ordinary interpretation of art. 22 of GDPR, § 1.
Keywords: AI Act; Algorithmic decisions; GDPR; Human oversight.
ВНЕСОК ВИДАТНИХ ВИПУСКНИКІВ ЮРИДИЧНОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ІВАНА ФРАНКА У НАЦІОНАЛЬНУ ТА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКУ ІСТОРІЮ
Authors: Boyko Ihor
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the place and role of outstanding graduates of the Law Faculty of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv in national and European history, their active social, political and state activities, participation in the struggle for truth, freedom, and their state. It is noted that the professional and state-building activities of outstanding graduates of the Law Faculty of Lviv University, their high level of conscious patriotism, a keen sense of justice, responsibility for the fate of their native people are a model, a kind of standard for the modern generation of Ukrainians, especially for students of law and other higher educational institutions of Ukraine. With their achievements, outstanding graduates of the Law Faculty of Lviv University deserve deep respect and good memory, because they devoted their whole lives to active socio-political, state and cultural activities, which were aimed at the national revival of Ukraine and the formation of the Ukrainian Nation and the creation of the National State.
The study of the place and role of outstanding graduates of the Law Faculty of Lviv University in national and European history is extremely important, since in different historical periods outstanding graduates of the Law Faculty of Lviv University took an active part in the formation of the Ukrainian state, in particular, they fought for national freedom and the national state. For a long time, being under the powerful geopolitical influence of neighboring states and waging a difficult struggle for their state independence, in particular, outstanding graduates of the Law Faculty of Lviv University during the twentieth century actively participated in the unique historical chance to realize the dreams of creating an independent Ukraine.
The purpose of studying the life, social, political and state activities of outstanding graduates of the Law Faculty of Lviv University in national and European history is also to honor their memory and determine their place in national and European history.
It is emphasized that outstanding Ukrainian graduates of the Law Faculty of Lviv University in different historical periods made a significant contribution to national history, in particular to the struggle for the Ukrainian state, language, popularization of Ukrainian culture, consolidation of Ukrainian identity and national idea in the minds of many generations. They understood that the Ukrainian language is the foundation on which the sovereign Ukrainian State is built. They tirelessly asserted the separateness of the Ukrainian language, literature, history and culture. They have always strived for educational, scientific and professional progress, despite all historical challenges and for the successful future of the Ukrainian nation. Today, it is worth bringing this to the European intellectual space, showing the continuity of Ukrainians in professing European values.
Keywords:state-building, lawyers, law, state, Ukraine
Eficacia de SNAP DUO ST Plus y HPLC en la detección de residuos de antibióticos en leche cruda del Valle del Mantaro, Perú
Authors: Villar F. A. , Estremadoyro L. G. , Payano I. U. , Sanchez N. M. , Laurente K. A. , Maurico-Ramos Y. , Carhuas J. N.
Published: January 2025

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar y comparar la eficacia de SNAP DUO ST Plus y HPLC en la detección de residuos de antibióticos en la leche producida para garantizar la inocuidad alimentaria. Con este objetivo, se evaluaron muestras de leche cruda de 32 hatos lecheros y 8 centros de acopio utilizando la prueba rápida SNAP DUO* ST Plus para detectar tetraciclinas y β-lactámicos, y el método de cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). El análisis se realizó en laboratorios de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú. Se analizaron 80 muestras de leche, encontrándose residuos de antibióticos en el 37,5% de las muestras mediante SNAP DUO, y en el 52,5% mediante HPLC. La prueba SNAP DUO mostró una concordancia sustancial con HPLC (Kappa=0,734), con sensibilidad y especificidad del 89,3% y 95,3%, respectivamente, frente al 100% de HPLC. En términos de costo-efectividad, HPLC presentó un mayor costo por resultado correctamente identificado (S/ 20,27), en comparación con SNAP DUO (S/ 7,24), que fue identificado como el método más eficiente. Se recomienda la implementación de SNAP DUO en programas de monitoreo de residuos de antimicrobianos en leche por su efectividad y eficiencia, mientras que HPLC es ideal para investigación y corroboración de resultados, contribuyendo a la mejora de la inocuidad alimentaria en el consumo de leche.
The Rejection of the Voice for Aboriginal People in Australia – A Postmortem of Causes of Failure
Authors: Bertus de Villiers
Published: January 2025

On 14 October 2023, the Australian electorate rejected by an overwhelming majority a proposal for a constitutionally guaranteed advisory body, to be called the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice. This was the fourth attempt in Australia to create an advisory voice for Aboriginal people, but the first time it was attempted via a constitutional amendment involving a public vote. The rejection is continuing to reverberate through Australian society. To many Aboriginal people this was not only a rejection of a technical proposal, but a rejection of their aspirations of self-determination. This article reflects on some of the root causes why in the view of the author, the referendum failed. The article is critical of the lack of information about the composition and functions of the proposed Voice as well as the inconsistencies between various reports and public documents. These contributed to public scepticism and rejection of the proposal.
The Removal of the Constitutional Chamber Justices in El Salvador: A Story About the Fragility of Judicial Independence
Authors: Manuel Adrián Merino Menjívar
Published: January 2025

The work discusses a significant event that occurred on May 1, 2021, when the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador removed the Justices of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice before their term expiration, violating legal procedures. This action was facilitated by a combination of populist rhetoric from the President and abuse of power by the Legislative Assembly. Referred to as Constitutional Authoritarian-Populism, this trend undermines the rule of law. The text outlines the Salvadoran constitutional framework and discusses concepts like judicial independence, populism, abusive constitutionalism, and authoritarianism in the Latin American context. It then examines instances of Constitutional Authoritarian-Populism in El Salvador from 2019 to 2023, demonstrating that the removal of the Justices wasn’t spontaneous. Finally, it analyzes the process of removal, the response from the removed Justices, and the subsequent decision by newly appointed Justices to authorize presidential re-election in El Salvador.
Constitutional Court Regression in Post- Democratic Transition: A Comparison of Court Packing in Hungary, Poland, and Indonesia
Authors: Idul Rishan
Published: January 2025

Over the past two decades, the constitutional court established in the post-democratic transition has begun to face regression. The Constitutional Courts in Hungary, Poland, and Indonesia have evidence, carried out intensively through court packing. This article investigates the regime’s undermining of the constitutional court against constitutional judges in selected countries. In addition, this article will also describe the regime’s motives and objectives in undermining the independence of the constitutional court. This study argues that regression of the constitutional court occurs through several patterns, such as increasing and decreasing the number of constitutional judges, politicizing the appointment and dismissal of constitutional judges, and rearranging the requirements and selection procedures of constitutional judges. The regime uses court packing to place judges who are loyal or have the same political preferences as the regime to provide control over their independence.
Exploring Bengali Image Descriptions through the combination of diverse CNN Architectures and Transformer Decoders
Authors: Patra Biswajit , Kisku Dakshina Ranjan
Published: January 2025

In recent years, there has been growing interest among researchers in the field of image captioning, which involves generating one or more descriptions for an image that closely resembles a human-generated description. Most of the existing studies in this area focus on the English language, utilizing CNN and RNN variants as encoder and decoder models, often enhanced by attention mechanisms. Despite Bengali being the fifth most-spoken native language and the seventh most widely spoken language, it has received far less attention in comparison to resource-rich languages like English. This study aims to bridge that gap by introducing a novel approach to image captioning in Bengali. By leveraging state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Networks such as EfficientNetV2S, ConvNeXtSmall, and InceptionResNetV2 along with an improvised Transformer, the proposed system achieves both computational efficiency and the generation of accurate, contextually relevant captions. Additionally, Bengali text-to-speech synthesis is incorporated into the framework to assist visually impaired Bengali speakers in understanding their environment and visual content more effectively. The model has been evaluated using a chimeric dataset, combining Bengali descriptions from the Ban-Cap dataset with corresponding images from the Flickr 8k dataset. Utilizing EfficientNet, the proposed model attains METEOR, CIDEr, and ROUGE scores of 0.34, 0.30, and 0.40, while BLEU scores for unigram, bigram, trigram, and four-gram matching are 0.66, 0.59, 0.44 and 0.26 respectively. The study demonstrates that the proposed approach produces precise image descriptions, outperforming other state-of-the-art models in generating Bengali descriptions.
Finite Element Failure Analysis on CGFRP Laminates
Authors: B Elamvazhudi , O Arul Karthikeyan , S Dhinagaran , E Kathiravan , S Navinkumar
Published: January 2025

This research focuses on comprehensive analysis on investigating the interlaminar fracture toughness and displacement behaviour of carbon and glass fiber reinforced hybrid polymer composites utilizing epoxy matrices. Delamination is the separation of layers within composite materials and interlaminar fracture toughness are an essential quality of measures that indicates the ability of a material to resist delamination. Predicting and preventing the failure of hybrid composites requires an understanding of their interlaminar fracture toughness values. Since delamination is a common failure mode of composite materials, it strongly affects the mechanical properties and load carrying ability of the structure. Such that assessing its interlaminar fracture toughness allows engineers to anticipate potential points of weakness, and prevent these areas from becoming problematic through any number of techniques designed to combat delamination. In hybrid composites, the capacity for energy dissipation and fracture in the matrix must be well evidenced before predicting structural integrity. This paper applies ANSYS simulation to model and evaluate the effects of five combinations of hybrid laminates, on both fracture toughness and displacement characteristics, to prove stress mitigation. The specific area that was researched involved fibre stacking sequences, fibre orientations, fibre types and thickness of lamina in an attempt to analyse the absorbent impact toughness of the different laminates. The parameters of interest are examined to not only determine the level of the interlaminar fracture toughness but also analyze the structure’s displacement fields. The results will benefit the field of composite mechanics in gaining a better understanding of composite designs for the integration of composite structures into new generations of multipurpose and high fracture resisting materials for practical applications in engineering.
Application of green synthesized Nano silica in electrochemical sensor for the detection of Water contaminants, constituents in Food dye and presence of medicine in human blood/urine sample – A Review
Authors: Santra Sampurna , Datta Deepshikha , Das Bimal
Published: January 2025

Electrochemical sensors are currently at the forefront of research and development due to their user-friendly operation, ability to detect analytes directly, compact design, high sensitivity, exceptional selectivity, and rapid response times. These attributes make them highly versatile across diverse fields such as clinical diagnostics, food quality assessment, and environmental monitoring for pollutant detection. One of the standout features of electrochemical sensors is their cost-effectiveness, especially when utilizing recycled agricultural waste materials for sensor fabrication.
This review paper focuses on the green synthesis of nano-silica as a modifier in electrochemical sensors. Nano-silica, derived from agricultural waste, serves as an environmentally friendly material that significantly enhances sensor performance. It plays a critical role in improving sensitivity and selectivity, enabling the detection of water pollutants, various food dyes in different food samples, and diverse drugs in human urine or blood samples.
The integration of nano-silica as a sensor modifier offers several advantages. It increases the effective surface area of the electrode, enhances electron transfer kinetics, and improves the overall stability and reproducibility of sensor responses. Moreover, the use of agricultural waste in nano-silica synthesis aligns with sustainable practices, contributing to reduced environmental impact compared to conventional synthesis methods.
This review underscores the growing importance of electrochemical sensors in analytical chemistry and emphasizes the pivotal role of green synthesized nano-silica in advancing sensor capabilities. By highlighting its applications in detecting water pollutants, food dyes, and pharmaceuticals, the review aims to demonstrate the broad utility and potential impact of these sensors in improving public health, food safety, and environmental sustainability.
Characterization of Water Pollution in Tropical Epikarst Spring in Gunungsewu Karst Area, Java Island, Indonesia
Authors: Cahyadi Ahmad , Riyanto Indra Agus , Acintya Rasyiida , Singgih Akhmad , Putra Rakhmat Dwi
Published: January 2025

Groundwater vulnerability in karst areas is generally considered high due to the development of secondary porosity caused by the dissolution processes. However, several epikarst springs still exhibit a large influence of diffuse flow with underdeveloped conduit flow. This signifies that epikarst springs have different characteristics from karst springs or underground rivers which have experienced further development of dissolution passages. This study aims to characterize pollution in epikarst springs located in the tropical region, with a case study in the East Gunungsewu Karst Area. Water quality standard is used in this study to assess the water pollution in the epikarst spring in the East Gunungsewu Karst Area, Indonesia. The method in this research was carried out by plotting the water quality standards in Schoeller diagrams, Piper diagrams, triangular Piper diagrams, and scatter plots to determine the chemical characteristics of the epikarst water. The characterization results displays that the water quality of Gedong Springs has HCO3- and Ca2+ values that exceed WHO standards. Analysis of Schoeller diagrams and Piper diagrams on these springs shows that these two dominant major elements are produced from the enrichment process due to groundwater processes in the limestone aquifers of the Wonosari Formation. This is also supported by the results of Scatter plot which shows that the dominant ionic Gedong Spring comes from limestone dissolution. Further analysis showed an influence of agricultural activity is present in 1 of the sample taken from the epikarst. The analysis outcomes exhibit a unique characteristic of epikarst springs, namely the dominance of diffuse flow moving through the rock matrix which causes high HCO3- and Ca2+ content throughout most of the season. On the other hand, this type of flow makes it difficult for pollutants caused by anthropogenic activities in the form of agriculture and domestic use to pollute the water inside.
Effects of Heat and Food Items on the Fatty Acids Profile of Palm Oil Produced in Nigeria
Authors: Awogbemi Omojola , Adeyeye Emmanuel Ilesanmi , Lawal Ayodeji Salami
Published: January 2025

Nigeria is the highest producer of palm oil in Africa and generates huge volume of waste palm oil (WPO), annually. When palm oil is used to fry food items, the fatty acid (FA) profile of the WPO changes significantly. This study investigates the effect of heat and food items on the FA composition of Nigerian palm oil. The effluents of palm oil produced in Nigeria used to fry some food items were subjected to FA profile determination. The results showed that the concentration of C16:0 ranged from 37.46 % to 47.58 % while that of C18:1 in the samples was between 42.43 % and 47.17 % which constituted the major FA in the neat palm oil and WPO samples. The detection of C18:2 and C10:0 in the WPO and not in the neat palm oil is due to the effect of the heat that degraded the longer chain FA molecules. The coefficient of variation at a 95 % confidence level was high between 84.43 % and 121.48 % shows the type of food the palm oil was used to fry significantly affected the FA composition of the WPO. More collaborative studies on the optimization of frying parameters of palm oil.
Using Artificial Neural Networks for Predicting Flood Events in Artvin, Türkiye
Authors: Aydın Olgu , Raja Nussaibah B.
Published: January 2025

Flood risks in Artvin, Turkey, have become a critical concern due to the long-term economic, social, cultural, and environmental damages caused by flood-related disasters. Given this, it is essential to utilize reliable methods for flood prediction. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), adept at reacting to rapid changes in rainfall, are employed as a machine learning approach to provide valuable flood information for urban areas. This study aims to develop an accurate and timely flood prediction model for Artvin using daily average rainfall data from 58 weather stations between 2009 and 2016. Flow values for various locations in Artvin (Ardanuç, Arhavi, Artvin, Borçka, Hopa, Murgul, Şavşat, Yusufeli) are calculated using the rational method. ANNs were trained with daily rainfall data and consecutive rainfall inputs from 1 to 7 hours to predict flow values. The model’s performance, with 75% of the data used for training and 25% for validation, showed an error ratio of 0.225 and high prediction accuracy for flow values, exceeding 20 m³/h in most locations except Hopa. The R² results for 1–7 hours indicated high performance (0.643-0.725), suggesting effective warning times of 3–5 hours for Artvin. The study also highlights the increasing necessity for flood management strategies in the Eastern Black Sea Region, particularly Artvin, which has experienced severe flash floods and significant flooding events since 2017. The region’s frequent and intense rainfall, exacerbated by global climate change, underscores the urgent need for robust monitoring, early warning systems, and comprehensive flood mitigation plans to address drainage, land management, and safeguard infrastructure. Effective warning systems that provide real-time estimates of rainfall and flow are crucial for timely preventive measures.
Evaluation of Removal Multi-Story Low-Rise RC Frame Demolition Using the Applied Element Method with Sequential Column Removal
Authors: Olabi Muhammed Nadir
Published: January 2025

Old reinforced concrete buildings are often beyond repair but occupy valuable land that could be used for modern, earthquake-resistant structures. The Applied Element Method (AEM) is a numerical analysis method that can be used in building demolition analysis by dividing buildings into small elements connected by springs, allowing for comprehensive structural analysis under extreme loads. This study uses AEM to simulate the progressive collapse of low-rise 2D framed buildings by removing load-bearing elements from the first floor, observing collapse patterns, and analyzing debris field lengths (DF). The results show a consistent relationship between the debris field length (DF) and the building dimensions, particularly that DF could be calculated as the sum of the total length and total height off the building, ensuring a reliable minimum safety margin for demolition design. Additionally, a multi-linear regression model was developed to account for the combined effects of various building characteristics, resulting in an equation for the minimum debris field length. Alternative demolition methods using tension cables to direct the collapse debris to one side were also explored, demonstrating significant DF reductions compared to standard approaches. These results highlight the importance of controlled demolition strategies, enhancing safety margins and ensuring predictable demolition outcomes.
Design and implementation of internet of things (IoT) based scheme for testing loamy soil
Authors: Raji Akeem , Orimolade Joseph , Ewetola Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

Soil plays vital role in crop production. It is therefore essential for farmers to have handy information on the quality of the soil to be cultivated. In Nigeria and many third world countries, traditional method that is based on subjective evaluation is used, where farmers utilize their past experience to adjudge the quality of the soil. This approach is ineffective and time consuming. This work presents Internet of Things (IoT) based scheme that provides farmers with real time data or information on the quality of the soil. The scheme includes IoT device that consists of NPK sensor, Dallas temperature sensor, NodeMCU (ESP8266) and capacitive soil sensor which are utilized to collect data on nutrient, moisture and temperature of the soil. These data are sent to a mobile application that is developed using DART programming language and Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML). The performance of the IoT scheme is assessed through field experiment where loamy soil samples taken from Agricultural Engineering garden, Electrical Engineering garden and open football school field of College of Engineering and Environmental Studies, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ibogun, Ogun State are used as candidates for testing. The results of the experiment reveal that the soil sample taken from Agricultural Engineering garden retains water (80%) better than other soil samples and has the highest mineral (Nitrogen, 39mg/Kg and Phosphorous, 16mg/Kg) composition. Its Potassium content (14mg/Kg) is however at par with sample taken from the school field. In addition, it is observed that soil sample from the school field has higher temperature (26.63 oC) than others. It is seen that the IoT scheme functions satisfactorily and demonstrates ability to test soil in a bid to help farmers in making right decision concerning optimal application of fertilizer for higher agricultural output
Benchmarking Modern Scientific Computing Platforms for 2D Potential Flow Solver
Authors: Herho Sandy , Kaban Siti , Anwar Iwan
Published: January 2025

We present a comprehensive performance analysis of three major scientific computing platforms-Python, Julia, and R-in solving two-dimensional potential flow around dual square obstacles. We implemented a numerical solution using the Jacobi iteration method across all three platforms, with careful consideration of boundary conditions and convergence criteria. The numerical implementation successfully demonstrated convergence with an L2 norm reduction from 100 to 10-2 over 40,000 iterations, capturing fundamental flow physics including stagnation points (Cp ≅ 1), flow acceleration regions (Cp < 0), and obstacle interference effects. Through 200 independent executions and 10,000 bootstrap iterations, our comparative performance analysis revealed that Julia achieved superior computational efficiency with a median runtime of approximately 30 seconds, despite higher memory requirements (512MB), while Python offered balanced performance (45s, 108MB) and R showed higher variability in execution time (65s, 185MB). Statistical significance of these performance differences was confirmed through rigorous testing using Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction (αadjusted = 0.0167) and bootstrap resampling methods. The results provide valuable insights into the trade-offs between computational efficiency and resource utilization across modern scientific computing platforms, while also validating the numerical accuracy of our potential flow solver implementation. This benchmarking study contributes to the growing body of knowledge regarding platform selection for computational fluid dynamics applications, particularly in educational and rapid prototyping contexts.
Large Amplitude Free Vibration of thick Laminated Composite Plates with Magnetorheological Core Via a New Sinusoidal Shear Deformation Theory
Authors: Keshavarzian Mehdi , Afshari Ehsan
Published: January 2025

Large amplitude free vibrations have nonlinear behavior that may be detrimental to structures . As a result, they need to be effectively regulated .A composite sandwich panel with a magnetorheological (MR) core's nonlinear vibration was examined, and the softening and hardening behaviors were investigated utilizing the New Sinusoidal Shear Deformation Theory. The extraction of the governing equations and boundary conditions was made possible by Hamilton's principle. Using the harmonic balancing approach, the equation was solved analytically with cubic and quadratic nonlinearities, followed by comparing the data with the proven findings. The utilization of Galerkin's approximation approach led to the development of ordinary differential equations from the governing PDEs. When aspect ratio, damping parameter and sandwich panel thickness values increase, the vibration amplitude reduces. It is used to describe a rise in amplitude that causes a rise in nonlinear frequency. The structure's inherent frequency increased as the MR layer's thickness increased. Sandwich panels that are thick and orthotropic were found to exhibit a more significant hardening behavior. As the magnetic field grows, the structure substantially hardens in the nonlinear state, improving the stability of the system. For controlling the vibration behavior, raising the magnetic field declines the structure frequency and elevates the aspect ratio of panel raises the frequency.
Preregistration: Impact of Mindfulness-based Preregistration: Real-time fMRI Neurofeedback on Self-Referential Processing in Depressed Adolescents: A Dosing Study
Authors: Bloom Paul Alexander , Pagliaccio David , Bajwa Zia , Wool Emma , Zhang Jiahe , Bauer Clemens C.C. , Spence Jamaal , Kyler Mia , Greene Keara , Treves Isaac N , Morfini Francesca , Durham Katherine , Kirshenbaum Jaclyn Schwartz , Kim Nayoung , Ford Nicholas , Galfalvy Hanga , Simpson Blair H. , Whitfield-Gabrieli Susan , Auerbach Randy Patrick
Published: January 2025

Major depressive disorder is a leading cause of disability among adolescents. Perseverative negative self-referential thoughts are a promising treatment target. Mindfulness-based real-time fMRI neurofeedback (mbNF), which guides mindfulness practice with feedback to train the downregulation of the default mode network (DMN), is an intervention targeting such negative self-referential thoughts. This study builds on a registered NIMH-supported trial testing the optimal dosing of mbNF on downregulating DMN activation among depressed adolescents. Adolescents (N=90), ages 13-18-years-old, with major depressive disorder will be randomized to receive either a 15- or 30-minute mbNF session. Before and after mbNF, participants will complete a self-referential encoding fMRI task, wherein they categorize whether trait adjectives describe themselves or a friend. It is hypothesized that a 30-minute versus 15-minute mbNF dose will relate to: (1) larger decreases in behavioral negative self-referential biases and (2) larger decreases in DMN activation during self-referential processing.
„Jutro”. SF jako sposób myślenia
Authors: Gorliński-Kucik Piotr
Published: January 2025

The book „Jutro”. SF jako sposób myślenia [“Tomorrow”. SF as a Way of Thinking] is devoted to science fiction treated primarily in terms of a way of thinking characterised by multilingualism (the free use of both the language of the humanities and the language of the sciences). Understood in this way, science fiction proves useful for immunizing us, living in the 21st century, against alternating progressions and crises and against future shocks. Besides, SF constitutes a critique of technology and often diagnoses present signs of upcoming phenomena and processes (e.g. post-literacy, virtual reality, AI) and even designs some solutions (as anarcho-transhumanists or techgnostics do).
Survey of pesticide and pesticide metabolite residues in strawberries marketed in Uruguay
Authors: Pequeño Fiamma , Barrios Sofía , Heinzen Horacio , Cesio María Verónica , Besil Natalia
Published: January 2025

Strawberries are consumed worldwide mostly as fresh fruits. During strawberry cultivation, a wide scope of pesticides, primarily fungicides, is used to prevent pest attacks. Aiming to check the safety of strawberries in Uruguay, a first monitoring program (2019-2023) of pesticide and pesticide metabolite residues was conducted. A validated QuEChERS CEN 15662 allowed the LC-MS/MS determination of 41 compounds and the screening of 13 of the most relevant pesticide metabolites. Fifty-eight commercial samples were analyzed; on average four compounds per sample were quantified. The range of concentration was 0.005 to 5 mg kg-1. Seven compounds: carbendazim, chlorpyrifos, cyproconazole, iprodione, prochloraz, pyriproxyfen and propamocarb, consistently exceeded their Maximum Residue Levels according to the European Union. The presence of chlorpyrifos, cyproconazole, prochloraz and pyriproxyfen indicates improper use. Fungicides were the most frequently detected pesticides. The main cyprodinil metabolite, CGA304075, was detected in 61% of cyprodinil-positive samples, without any violation. This study highlights the need for ongoing monitoring and rigorous regulatory controls to ensure the safety of strawberry consumption in Uruguay.
Cognitive Consequences of Social Presence in Online Asynchronous Learning: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Dow Mirah J. , Wang Ting , Long Bobbie S. , Ptacek Corey
Published: January 2025

Students’ social experience in fully online learning is critical to academic success. However, little is known about students’ experience in online asynchronous education, particularly regarding social presence, knowledge building, and collaborative learning. In a constructivist grounded theory study, 22 graduate students enrolled in library and information studies programs in eight US higher education institutions were interviewed about their affective feelings in online learning, their perceptions of people as real, knowing what others know and how well they know it, and social conflict monitoring. The findings reveal the need for improvements in online teaching and learning strategies and suggests that instructors should model presenting themselves as real persons through increased use of audio and visual instruction.
Learning Beneficial Worldly Knowledge: Between Islamic and Boko Harām Perspectives
Authors: Suleiman Hassan , Alatas Alwi , Awang Abdul Bāri , Awang Hamat Mohd. Afandi
Published: January 2025

Islamic civilisation once led the world to develop worldly knowledge, producing significant advancements in medicine, mathematics, and astronomy. Scholars viewed these knowledge domains as complementary to religious knowledge, with the latter holding superior status. However, in recent times, some Muslim communities have distanced themselves from temporal knowledge, wrongly perceiving it as alien to Islam. Insurgent groups like Boko Harām in Northern Nigeria and neighbouring countries, including Niger, Chad, northern Cameroon, and Mali have weaponised this misconception. Boko Harām’s ideology rejects worldly education, equating it with an anti-Islamic agenda, leading to violent campaigns against educational institutions. This article addresses the misunderstanding that beneficial worldly knowledge contradicts Islamic teachings, highlighting its importance as an Islamic obligation. It explores how this misconception has contributed to violence and stagnation, such as in Boko Harām's attacks, and analyses Islamic primary sources, the Qur'ān, the ḥadīth, and scholarly commentaries, to clarify the stance on acquiring such knowledge. The analysis includes an examination of key prophetic traditions that highlight the importance of pursuing worldly knowledge that contributes to societal welfare. The findings reveal that Islām not only permits but encourages the pursuit of beneficial worldly knowledge, which is considered farḍ kifāyah—a collective obligation upon the Muslim community. The article emphasises that education aligned with Islamic values is key to societal progress. It criticises extremist group like Boko Harām for misinterpreting Islam and calls for a return to valuing both religious and beneficial worldly knowledge to advance Muslim communities.