bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategy of Village Government in the Development of Ecotourism Based on Civic Engagement
Authors: - Mutiara Mega Pratiwi , - Dewi Gunawati , - Rini Triastuti
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the strategy of the village government in developing ecotourism based on civic engagement. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with field research, and data collection methods through observation and interviews with eight informants. Based on the results of the field study, it shows that the Kemuning Village Government has developed and implemented strategies to promote ecotourism based on civic engagement. These strategies include involving the community in the initial planning of tourism object creation, management, and evaluation, forming a Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) named Aspekta, where this Pokdarwis acts as an extension of the village government in developing ecotourism in Kemuning Village. Additionally, the village government, together with Pokdarwis, organizes training, mentoring, and collaborates with various institutions and organizations to improve the quality of human resources involved in tourism in Kemuning Village. The strategy also includes absorbing local labor from Kemuning Village, using social media to attract visitors, and collaborating with the youth organization (karangtaruna) to develop and use village land for tourism purposes. A recommendation for the Kemuning Village Government to further develop and regulate tourism is to establish regulations that govern tourism in the Kemuning Village area.
A systematic review study on Sexual Reproductive Health (SRH) services received on ethnic minority women in the UK.
Authors: - Mrs. Mona-Liza Mandeleni Hayes
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Aims: To identify and appraise existing literature on SRH services for ethnic minority women in the UK. The study examines four dimensions: service provision for ethnic minority women for their Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) needs in the UK; the challenges ethnic minority women face with healthcare service providers; factors that contribute to inequality; and strategies implemented to improve access to SRH services in the UK.
Design: A systematic literature review.
Data Sources: The search was conducted across Amed, CINAHL and Medline/Pubmed examining studies conducted between 2013 and 2023.
Review Method: The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN,2014) quality assessment tool.
Results: Data from nineteen studies met the criteria for inclusion.
Conclusion: This report finds that whilst the UK has made progress in addressing the needs of ethnic minority women in this space, much still can be done: tailoring care to better address needs; increasing cultural knowledge and understanding among healthcare staff; provision of service in multiple languages; fostering partnerships with community organisations; and involving ethnic minatory women more in service design.
Impact: This study acknowledges that this field would benefit from further research. Addressing this will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the challenges, barriers, and strategies for improving SRH services for ethnic minority women in the UK. It is hoped that this knowledge can further inform evidence-based interventions and policies that promote health equity and ensure equitable access to culturally sensitive SRH services for all women.
A Review on Natural Tyrosinase Inhibitors in Hyperpigmentation: Pomegranate Peel
Authors: - Suwarna Kale , - Amruta Jadhav
Published: November 2024

Hyperpigmentation is a dermatological phenomenon that causes excessive melanin production, leading to skin discoloration and darkening of skin. Skin hyperpigmentation is caused by several factors, including UV exposure, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses that enhance melanin production. Skin pigmentation is mediated by melanocytes, situated in the epidermal basal layer which synthesize eumelanin and pheomelanin, responsible for dark and light skin tones. The melanogenesis pathway involves the three essential key enzymes: tyrosinase, TYRP1, and TYRP2. Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme, that facilitates melanin biosynthesis and plays key roles in skin pigmentation, healing, protection from radiation, and immune function. Tyrosinase is a critical enzyme for melanin production, and its inhibition has become a key strategy for controlling melanin synthesis. Various synthetic agents are used as tyrosinase inhibitors, but they have been linked to various dermatological issues. Phenolic-rich pomegranate peel extract is evidenced as a safe herbal-derived material promising for skin hyperpigmentation treatment. With these, it also has Anti-neoplastic, Antioxidant, Anti-microbial, and Anti-diabetic activities. Its phenolic compounds can be obtained through various extraction technologies.
अविवाहित एकाकी महिलाओं में मानसिक तनाव और सामाजिक समायोजन की चुनौतियाँ: बिहार के संदर्भ में एक अध्ययन
Authors: - सुबोध कुमार
Published: November 2024

यह अध्ययन बिहार की अविवाहित एकाकी महिलाओं में मानसिक तनाव और सामाजिक समायोजन की समस्याओं पर केंद्रित है, जो पितृसत्तात्मक समाज में उनके लिए गंभीर चुनौतियाँ प्रस्तुत करती हैं। बिहार में पारिवारिक और सामाजिक समर्थन की कमी के कारण ये महिलाएँ असुरक्षा, सामाजिक अस्वीकृति, और मानसिक असंतुलन का सामना करती हैं। गया जिले की 125 प्रतिभागियों के अनुभवों का विश्लेषण किया गया, जिसमें मानसिक तनाव, सामाजिक समर्थन की कमी और समायोजन में कठिनाइयाँ जैसे प्रमुख विषय उभरकर सामने आए। थीमैटिक, तुलनात्मक और सहसंबंधीय विश्लेषण के परिणाम बताते हैं कि मानसिक तनाव में कमी, सामाजिक समर्थन की उपलब्धता और स्वीकृति के अवसरों में वृद्धि इन महिलाओं के जीवन संतोष में सकारात्मक योगदान कर सकते हैं। निष्कर्षतः, इनके मानसिक स्वास्थ्य में सुधार और समाज में सकारात्मक स्थान दिलाने हेतु सामाजिक समर्थन को सशक्त करना आवश्यक है, जिससे ये महिलाएँ सम्मानजनक और सुरक्षित जीवन जी सकें।
A Clinical Study Of Feto-maternal Outcome In Pregnancies With Abnormal Amniotic Fluid Volume At a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: - Somya Agrawal , - Vinita Agrawal
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: The amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus serves several roles during pregnancy. It is an important indicator of fetal status and has become an integral part of fetal evaluation.
Oligohydramnios is diagnosed when ultra-sonographically the AFI is ≤5cm/ 5th centile. It affects
3-5% of pregnancies. Polyhydramnios is diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index is≥25cm/ 95th
centile affecting around 1% of all pregnancies. Assessment of amniotic fluid volume is a
helpful tool in determining who is at risk for potentially adverse obstetric and perinatal outcome.
METHODS:78 singleton, non-anomalous, low risk pregnancies with AFI ≤ 5cm and ≥25cm with
intact membranes and gestational age between 28 to term were included in this study. The AFI
was measured using Phelans four quadrant technique. An AFI of 5-24cm is normal. AFI of <5cm
was considered Oligohydramnios and ≥25cm was considered as polyhydramnios.
RESULTS: A total of 78 cases of isolated oligohydramnios and 17 cases of isolated polyhydramnios were assessed. In oligohydramnios group, 52.56% had vaginal delivery, 11.54% underwent elective
LSCS and 33.33% had emergency LSCS. In polyhydramnios, 58.82% had vaginal delivery,
23.53% underwent elective LSCS where as 11.76 % had emergency LSCS.17.95% and 23.53%
had meconium-stained liquor in oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios respectively. In
oligohydramnios, 6.41% of the babies had APGAR <7at 5 min. 19.23% had birth weight <2.5kg.
NICU admission was seen in 6.41% of babies. In polyhydramnios, 5.88% had APGAR < 7 at 5
min, 29.41% of babies were <2.5kg, 5.88% had NICU admission.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: The clinical study was conducted to know the feto-maternal outcome in pregnancies with abnormal liquor volume. The study showed that isolated oligohydramnios and isolated polyhydramnios have no adverse maternal and perinatal outcome when properly monitored in a tertiary care center.
The Impact of Cultural and Socioeconomic Background on University Student Learning Autonomy in Morocco
Authors: - Jarmouli Abdelmounaim , - Dr. Bani Koumachi , - Dr. Mohammed Larouz
Published: November 2024

This research examines the role that culture and the social environment play in the growth of autonomous learning among students in Moroccan high learning institutions. Learning autonomy which is the extent to which students take charge of their learning and are able to self-study is essential in both academics and in everyday life. The use of a mixed-methods triangulation design enables the study to use both quantitative survey data as well as qualitative interview data in determining the impact of cultural including, family obligations, and socio-economic status on learners’ ability to be self-directed. The study demonstrates that affirming cultural tenets like collectivism, insistency from parents, and traditional stick in the head students to teachers systems restrict students’ freedom but ready access to equipment like phones and internet as well as money greatly promotes it. The statistical analysis of survey data addresses the issue of availability of resources among students of differing socioeconomic status and the challenges lower class students face in squeezing into the society’s academic ladder. Along with these internalized limits exist external ones presented by the society, and those are ethnical and financial all together. The above have been addressed at different levels including improved facilitation of learning, provision and availability of resources, financial assistance and promotion of diversity. The study recommends that improving these conditions can create a situation in higher education in Morocco where every student, irrespective of his/her background can efficiently flourish as a self-dependent learner.
Effect of BaTiO3 and Chitosan Composite Material on the Enhancement of the Sensitivity and Limit of Detection of the Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor-Divergent Beam Based
Authors: Hossea Jordan H.
Published: November 2024

The SPR sensor's poor sensitivity and low limit of detection (LOD) limit its use for tiny contamination detection when the measured sample ranges from 1.3317 to 34. Thus, study examined the combined influence of CaF2/ZnO/TiO2/Silver/BaTiO3/Chitosan on the performance of an SPR biosensor employing the Kretschman configuration. The proposed SPR sensor use the Kretschmann configuration, which employs the divergence beam produced by the Powell lens to avoid mechanical rotation. Through the use of an STM32F401RE controller with 12-bit ADC, it was determined that the proportionate alloying of BaTiO3 and chitosan with optimal thickness could enhance the designed SPR sensor's theoretical sensitivity to 480.45˚/RIU and limit of detection (LOD) to.  Thus proposed SPR sensor showed the improvement in sensitivity and LOD by 16.67% and 33.69%, respectively, as compared to the SPR sensor without the combined effect of optimal chitosan and BaTiO3 thickness
The Legal and Practical Relevancy of Human Rights in Tanzania Road Traffic Laws
Authors: Ndozero Mossi Bonephace
Published: November 2024

Road Traffic Crashes are a significant global issue, resulting in considerable loss of life, injury, and economic burden. The World Health Organization estimates that over 1.3 million people die each year due to road traffic collisions, making it one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It estimates that youth between the ages of 15 to 29 years old are vulnerable to Road traffic crashes as most of them are young pedestrians, motorcyclists, and drivers who are engaged in economic activities or going to school every day are exposed to risks. Beyond the immediate physical harm, Road crashes have profound implications for human rights. There are several human rights implications that can be caused by road traffic crashes. The most fundamental human right affected by road traffic crashes is the right to life. Victims of Road traffic collisions often face severe injuries or fatalities, undermining this essential right, and the Injuries can lead to long-term health complications or incapacitated, impacting individuals' physical and mental well-being. Access to quality healthcare for victims is crucial but not always guaranteed, violating their right to health. Many other rights can be affected by road traffic crashes. Therefore, this article intends to examine the issue of legal and practical relevancy of human rights in Tanzania in the context of Traffic Laws; Road traffic laws since, addressing road crashes involves not only improving traffic safety measures but also recognizing and upholding the human rights of all individuals. Further, the article recommends that Governments and organizations therein must work together to create safer road environments, ensure access to healthcare, and advocate for policies that protect the most vulnerable members of society by prioritizing human rights in the context of road safety, by mitigate the devastating impacts of road crashes on individuals and communities
Land Use and Land Cover Change in the Urban Landscape of Butembo, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Authors: Simeon Kakule Muleverwa , Alphonse Kalambulwa Nkombe , Trésor Mbavumoja Selemani , Clément Teteli Soloum , Thierry Ahouandjinou Sèdjro David Igor , Aloïse Bitagirwa Ndele , Urbain Mumba Tshanika , Joel Lobho Lopa , Ezéchiel Mumbere Sabai , Sylvestre Cabala Kaleba
Published: November 2024

The expansion of built-up areas driven by a significant demographic explosion is a critical issue for urban land-use planning. The conversion of rural land to urban areas and other uses significantly impacts the range of products and services provided by natural ecosystems in urban environments. This study examines the spatial-temporal dynamics of land use in the city of Butembo. The Radom Forest model with a supervised approach to Landsat images on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform was applied to characterize land cover across three dates (2003, 2013 and 2023). The results reveal pronounced changes in land cover over a 20-year period. Dense forests lost 39.16% and 28.76% of their total area between 2003 and 2023, respectively. Conversely, anthropized classes, such as agricultural lands, built-up areas, and bare soil, experienced a dramatic expansion, with covered areas doubling over the same period. Landscape dynamics are primarily characterized by the fragmentation and reduction of forest classes, alongside the aggregation and creation of agricultural lands, built-up areas, and bare soil. The progressive increase in the landscape disturbance index over time indicates the anthropization of Butembo's landscape. These findings highlight the need for an integrated land-use plan for the sustainable management of Butembo and its natural resources
A Semi-Automated Earthquake Evacuation System Using Early Warning Detection
Authors: Fukuda Tatsuki
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the development and validation of a semi-automated evacuation route system designed for rapid response during seismic events. Given Japan’s frequent earthquakes, ensuring timely evacuation is a critical issue. The proposed system utilizes the Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system to detect seismic activity and offers residents the option to automatically open doors or windows, securing evacuation routes before structural deformation occurs. A prototype of the system was developed using a Raspberry Pi and tested with pre-recorded EEW signals. Results show that while the system reliably detected EEW and transmitted notifications to residents, the time required for window opening reached 14 seconds, indicating room for improvement in response time. Future work will focus on reducing this delay through local server implementation and bypassing cloud-based systems. This system not only aids in disaster response but also has potential for everyday applications, such as baby cry detection, ensuring its continued relevance in daily life.
Factors Influencing Purchase Intention of Life Insurance among Gen-Y in Malaysia
Authors: Hoo Wong Chee , Cheng Aw Yoke , Yee Yip Foon , Prompanyo Manoch
Published: November 2024

The objective of this research is to investigate the factors that influence the decision-making of prospective buyers of life insurance among generation Y. Specifically, the study attempts to examine the intention of Generation Y to purchase life insurance as the dependent variable and the independent variables such as attitude, social influence, income, and knowledge. The theory underpinning the theory of the study is the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The research method used was an online survey questionnaire was administered using convenience sampling in collecting the data. The respondent can be anyone aged between twenty years to forty years old and stayed in Malaysia. A total of 384 samples were successfully collected, and the data obtained was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Inference analyses based on regression analysis were used to examine the relationship that exists between the variables of interest and the dependent variables could be determined. The findings of this research indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between the intention to buy life insurance with the four independent variables; attitude, social influence, income, and knowledge. This research implies the practitioners as this is a scarce finding, especially in the field of life insurance in Malaysia. The other contribution to the academician is discussed along with some limitations and recommendations of this study.
In vitro and in situ efficacy of Cymbopogon khasans sobti, Cyperus scariosus r. Br. and their combination against two important dermatophytes
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Singh Bijendra Kumar , Asawa Simran , Chaudhari Anand Kumar , Dwivedy Abhishek Kumar , Tilak Ragini , Dubey Nawal Kishore
Published: November 2024

Dermatomycoses is a serious subcutaneous complication of humans and other vertebrates caused by an important group of keratinophylic fungi namely Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of Cymbopogon khasans (CKEO), Cyperus scariosus essential oil (CSEO) and their combination (1:1) against induced dermatophytes. The CKEO, CSEO and their combination (1:1) completely inhibited the growth of Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum at 0.1, 0.25 and 0.1 µL/mL, respectively. The inhibition of ergosterol suggests plasma membrane as the possible target of CKEO, CSEO and their combination. During in situ investigation, the CKEO, CSE and their combination completely cures induced dermatomycoses in guinea pigs. The safety profile of CKEO, CSEO and their combination was tested through oral acute toxicity and was found to be 2312.20, 8269.60 and 2117.30 μL/kg body weight, respectively. Based on overall findings, it can be concluded that CKEO, CSEO and their combination offers a promising potential for the treatment of dermatomycoses.
A diffusive predator-prey model having ratio-dependent functional response with disease in the prey
Authors: Mandal Palash
Published: November 2024

Athreedimensionalsystemofthepredator preymathematicalmodelwithdiseasein prey is considered.This system has a reaction-diffusion model with diseasetransmittedaccordingtonon-linearincidencerateand with ratio-dependent Michaelis-Menten (Holling-type-II) functional response.Stability analysis of thesystem without diffusion and with diffusion is analysedhere. The effect of disease due to spatial diffusion is tobe studied and analyse the conditions of Turing instability.We have also discussed that a Hopf-bifurcationmechanisms around the interior equilibrium point, taking rate of infection and mortality rate of infected preyare bifurcation parameters. The analytical findings aresupportedbynumericalobservations.
Application of Three Parameter Esscher Transformed Laplace Distribution in Reliability and Finance
Authors: Rimsha H  , George Dais , Abraham Sajimon
Published: November 2024

One parameter Esscher transformed Laplace distribution is a tilted version of the standard symmetric Laplace distribution introduced by Sebastian and Dais (2012) through Esscher transformation, a concept introduced by Esscher (1932). This distribution is a sub-class of one parameter exponential family and a possible alternative to the distributions with Pareto tails. In this article, we introduced a three parameter Esscher transformed Laplace distribution which is the location scale family of the one parameter Esscher transformed Laplace distribution. The various representations and properties of the distribution are derived and the estimation methods are discussed. The estimation problem of R = P(X > Y ), when X and Y are two independent but not identically distributed random variables belonging to three parameter Esscher transformed Laplace distribution, using the method of moments is also studied and analyzed the results using simulation studies. We also consider the application the distribution in finance using real data.
Image detection method for multi-category lesions in wireless capsule endoscopy based on deep learning models
Authors: Xiao Zhi-Guo , Chen Xian-Qing , Zhang Dong , Li Xin-Yuan , Dai Wen-Xin , Liang Wen-Hui
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) has become an important noninvasive and portable tool for diagnosing digestive tract diseases and has been propelled by advancements in medical imaging technology. However, the complexity of the digestive tract structure, and the diversity of lesion types, results in different sites and types of lesions distinctly appearing in the images, posing a challenge for the accurate identification of digestive tract diseases.

AIM

To propose a deep learning-based lesion detection model to automatically identify and accurately label digestive tract lesions, thereby improving the diagnostic efficiency of doctors, and creating significant clinical application value.

METHODS

In this paper, we propose a neural network model, WCE_Detection, for the accurate detection and classification of 23 classes of digestive tract lesion images. First, since multicategory lesion images exhibit various shapes and scales, a multidetection head strategy is adopted in the object detection network to increase the model's robustness for multiscale lesion detection. Moreover, a bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN) is introduced, which effectively fuses shallow semantic features by adding skip connections, significantly reducing the detection error rate. On the basis of the above, we utilize the Swin Transformer with its unique self-attention mechanism and hierarchical structure in conjunction with the BiFPN feature fusion technique to enhance the feature representation of multicategory lesion images.

RESULTS

The model constructed in this study achieved an mAP50 of 91.5% for detecting 23 lesions. More than eleven single-category lesions achieved an mAP50 of over 99.4%, and more than twenty lesions had an mAP50 value of over 80%. These results indicate that the model outperforms other state-of-the-art models in the end-to-end integrated detection of human digestive tract lesion images.

CONCLUSION

The deep learning-based object detection network detects multiple digestive tract lesions in WCE images with high accuracy, improving the diagnostic efficiency of doctors, and demonstrating significant clinical application value.
THE UNIQUENESS OF ARTISTIC SPACE AND TIME IN THE NOVELS OF F. KAFKA AND V. HAMDAM: A JOURNEY THROUGH SPACE
Authors:   Independent researcher at Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan, Erkinovna Turumova Nilufar
Published: November 2024

This article explores the distinctive treatment of space and time in the novels of Franz Kafka and Vohid Hamdam, focusing on their innovative narrative techniques and thematic depth. Both authors employ space and time not merely as backdrops but as dynamic, symbolic elements that shape their characters' experiences and reflect broader existential and cultural themes. Kafka’s fragmented and oppressive spaces mirror the alienation and absurdity of modern existence, while Hamdam’s culturally rich and layered settings highlight the interplay of tradition, memory, and individual identity. By examining these dimensions, the study uncovers how artistic space and time in their works transcend physical and chronological boundaries, offering profound insights into human existence.
A SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH TO THE ESSENCE OF THE JADIDISM MOVEMENT
Authors:   Termez State Pedagogical Institute Philosophy, Fundamentals of Spirituality and Lecturer of The Department of Legal Education, Uzbekistan, Ikromovich Patiev Kholdor
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the essence of the Jadid movement from a socio-philosophical perspective. The Jadid movement represents the aspirations of the progressive-minded children of Turkestan for enlightenment, social, political and economic reforms. The study examines the socio-political, spiritual and scientific aspects of the Jadid movement, as well as the contemporary interpretation of its religious and philosophical worldview. The article analyzes the purpose and essence of the Jadid movement, its historical scope, influence on culture, education and politics, as well as external and internal factors.
WAYS TO EXPLAIN METAPHORS IN TEACHING PROSE TEXTS TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Karshi University Of Economics And Pedagogy, Uzbekistan, Qizi Ruziyeva Nigora Sapar
Published: November 2024

The article introduces primary school students to the expressive features and facets of the meaning of metaphors used in narrative texts. There was also a scientific study of aspects demonstrating the unique expressive capabilities and skill of the writer. The pragmatic possibilities of productive use of metaphor in literary texts, especially in works of the great epic genre, have been studied lyrically.
¿El Conocimiento Tradicional Responde al Cambio Climático? Una Mirada desde los Territorios Vulnerables, Urabá-Colombia
Authors: Florez Leiva Lennin
Published: November 2024

Los seres humanos afectan el medio ambiente global (Antropoceno), especialmente a través de las estructuras vivas del capitalismo (Capitaloceno), y de los procesos en curso de colonialismo, incluidas las continuas (malas o no) representaciones de la cosmovisión indígena tradicional y las epistemologías del sur. En el centro de esta discusión también se encuentra un creciente reconocimiento del territorio y su influencia en las visiones del mundo y las identidades culturales. Aunque el conocimiento local está ganando protagonismo en los debates sobre el cambio climático, su intervención aún es incipiente. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar un marco de educación (ambiental) centrada en la justicia para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje sobre el cambio climático con un enfoque en el territorio. Se usó el instrumento grupo focal promoviendo la participación de consejos comunitarios populares que definen conocimientos locales y tradicionales. Los resultados mostraron que el conocimiento tradicional fue muy importante para la comprensión del cambio climático y los cambios en los territorios. Además, los resultados analizados demostraron que el consejo comunitario estudiado compartieron datos relevantes a los temas ambientales ligados al cambio climático tales como la deforestación, sobrepesca, inundaciones y consolidación de una justicia climática como causales de cambios en el territorio estudiado.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE COMPOUND Y1-xYbxFe2Si2 x=0.24: SINGLE CRYSTAL INVESTIGATION
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, BABIZHETSKYY Volodymyr , MYAKUSH Oksana ,   National University of Forest and Wood Technology of Ukraine, ZELINSKIY Anatoliy ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: November 2024

For the first time, the complete single-crystal structure study of the compound Y1-xYbxFe2Si2 x=0.24 was performed. It belongs to the CeGa2Al2 structure type, Pearson’s symbol tI10,139, space group I4/mmm, lattice parameters a = 3.911(1), c = 9.929(4) Å, Z = 2. The compound was prepared by arc-melting of the initial elements with а purity of not less than 99.9 % under argon followed by annealing in silica tubes at 870 K for 1400 h. Single crystals for structural examination were selected under a microscope from the broken alloys obtained. X-ray diffraction data of one of the irregularly faceted single crystals was obtained at a temperature of 300(2) K using a single crystal X-ray diffractometer Bruker D8 Venture with monochromatized MoKα-radiation. The structure is refined using the program SHELXL, version 2018/3 (full-matrix least-squares refinement with anisotropic atomic parameters), R1 = 0.015, wR2 = 0.036 for 107 unique reflections with Io > 2σ(Io) and 10 refined parameters. Coordinates of atoms are the following: 2R at 2а 0 0 0; 4Fe at 4d 0 1/2 1/4; 4Si at 4e 0 0 z, z=0.3760(1), R = 0.767(5)Y + 0.233(5)Yb. The coordination numbers of R, Fe, and Si atoms are 20, 12, and 10, respectively. The interatomic distances, except Fe–Si, are longer than the sum of the metallic radii of the corresponding atoms. Fe–Si distances (2.322(1) Å) are smaller than the sum of the radii of these atoms (2.43 Å) and indicate a significant interaction between Fe and Si in the structure. Currently known RFe2Si2 (R=Y, Yb) are members of complete series of compounds RFe2Si2 (R=rare earths) isotypic with CeGa2Al2. A partial substitution Y by Yb does not change the crystal structure as well a cell volume of Y1-xYbxFe2Si2 x=0.24.
SOLID SOLUTIONS IN THE RNiIn–RNiGa (R = Pr, Ho) SYSTEMS
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, NYCHYPORUK Galyna , HORIACHA Myroslava ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv,   Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden, ZELINSKIY Anatoliy ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, ZAREMBA Vasyl ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: November 2024

The PrNiIn–PrNiGa and HoNiIn–HoNiGa systems were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray analysis in full concentration ranges at 870 K. The existence of two limited solid solutions in each system was observed and changes of unit cells parameters of the phases in them were determined.
The crystal structure of PrNiIn0.79Ga0.21 phase was refined based on the experimental hkl reflections using the FullProf package: ZrNiAl-type structure, space group P-62m, Pearson symbol hP9, a = 0.74795(15), c = 0.39454(8) nm, RBragg = 0.077, Rf = 0.085.
Partial substitution of indium by gallium atoms was confirmed by structure refinement from single crystal X-ray diffraction data: HoNiIn0.69Ga0.31 phase crystallizes with ZrNiAl-type structure (P-62m, hP9, a = 0.73604(3), c = 0.37241(2) nm, R1 = 0.0096 for 205 F2 values, 16 variables).
VITAMIN C: STRUCTURE, BIOCHEMICAL SIGNIFICANCE, METHODS OF DETERMINATION
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, MOROZ Iryna , SHEMET Vasylyna ,   Lutsk National Technical University, HULAI Olha ,   Lutsk National Technical University
Published: November 2024

The role of vitamin C for the functioning of the human body is outlined. The antioxidant properties of vitamin C are thought to be a key factor in neutralizing free radicals and peroxide compounds, protecting cells from oxidative stress. It also replenishes other antioxidants, such as vitamins E and glutathione. It is a cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen synthesis. It is necessary for the normal functioning of the skin, bones, cartilage, tooth enamel and blood vessels. Due to the loss of the ability to independently produce ascorbic acid, people are completely dependent on the intake of vitamin C from food.
The main food forms of vitamin C are L-ascorbic, D-ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acids. The content of vitamin C in vegetables and fruits and the norms of its consumption were analyzed. Vitamin C is an essential component of all green plants and the lowest daily human need for it (40 mg) can be obtained by eating any set of vegetables and fruits every day. Among the plants that are common in Europe, the highest content of the vitamin is inherent in rose hips and black currants. A relatively high content of ascorbic acid is found in strawberries, citrus fruits and various vegetables, in particular, in potatoes.
The determination of vitamin C in food systems is a complex problem due to the oxidation of ascorbic acid, even at the sample preparation stage. The stability of L-ascorbic acid in aqueous solutions can be affected by a number of factors, including exposure to light rays, temperature increases, changes in pH, and the presence of oxygen and metal ions.
Along with classical titrimetric methods, researchers use spectrophotometry, electrochemical and chromatographic methods, the advantages of which are high sensitivity, selectivity, expressiveness, and the possibility of automation. The property of L-ascorbic acid to participate in redox reactions is the basis of titrimetric methods, including iodometric titration (IODINE), dichlorophenol-indophenol titration (DCIP), titration with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). Spectrophotometric studies are carried out at 530 nm using potassium permanganate as a chromogenic reagent. Electrochemical determination of vitamin C is carried out using mercury, gold, platinum and glass carbon electrodes. Ultra-efficient liquid chromatography (UPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are used. The UPLC method is believed to be faster, more sensitive, consumes less eluent, and is more environmentally friendly than the HPLC method The main reason for the deviation of the results and errors is the existence of vitamin C in natural objects in several forms with different activity and chemical resistance.
Debilidades Identificadas por Adolescentes que son Factores que Incrementan su Vulnerabilidad para ser Víctimas de Violencia
Authors: Salinas-Cardona María de los Ángeles
Published: November 2024

La adolescencia es una etapa de la vida con alta incidencia de cambios físicos, psicológicos, fisiológicos y emocionales, involucra la transición entre la infancia y la vida adulta. El presente estudio buscó identificar las debilidades que los adolescentes perciben en sí mismos, analizar su recurrencia y evaluar su impacto en la vulnerabilidad a la violencia. La investigación está orientada dentro el modelo sociocultural; desde el paradigma pragmático, método analítico-sintético, enfoque mixto y diseño concurrente de triangulación. La muestra no probabilística comprende 42 grupos de adolescentes entre 12 y 15 años de tres unidades educativas de El Alto, Bolivia. La metodología se basa en el aprendizaje cooperativo y utiliza la herramienta didáctica "Siluetas". Se identificaron un total de 52 debilidades, 6 presentes en las tres unidades educativas, 10 en dos y 46 en una. El análisis reveló cómo estas debilidades pueden incrementar la vulnerabilidad de los adolescentes a ser víctimas de violencia, destacando la necesidad de programas de fortalecimiento personal y social. Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de abordar la percepción de debilidades en adolescentes, promoviendo una autoestima positiva y resiliente como herramienta preventiva contra la violencia. Se requieren intervenciones educativas y formativas que orienten a los adolescentes en este sentido.
Múltiplas visões da arquitetura
Authors: Vázquez Ramos Fernando Guillermo
Published: November 2024

Análise e resenha do livro "Arquitetura e Realidade", escrita por Patrícia Pereira Martins e lançada pela editora Altamira, que foi selecionada como finalista para o Prêmio Jabuti 2024. O livro aborda aspectos teóricos ligados à história moderna e contemporânea da Arquitetura Ocidental, focando principalmente na produção europeia e norte-americana, mas com uma abordagem que considera a perspectiva latino-americana sobre esses processos.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Hutahaean Ester Debora , Tongam Sirait
Published: November 2024

Peran penting kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam rangka meningkatkan motivasi dan kinerja guru, menerapkan kualitas sekolah, dan gerak langkah suatu organisasi sekolah, dikendalikan oleh kepala sekolah. Pembahasan tersebut dibahas melalui studi lapangan yang dilaksanakan di SDN Mandalawangi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah analisis regresi sederhana dan regresis berganda, uji t dan uji F. Dalam penelitian ini populasi sebanyak 32 guru dan kepala sekolah. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner untuk memperoleh data X1, X2, dan Y. Kuesioner sebelum digunakan untuk memperoleh data yang objektif, terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji validitas, reabilitas. Setelah dilakukan uji instrumen kemudian peneliti menyebar kuesioner untuk memperoleh data X1, X2 dan Y. Hasil yang diperoleh memperlihatkan terdapat pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SDN Mandalawangi  sebesar 35% , pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru SDN Mandalawangi  sebesar 44,2%  dan. Jadi terlihat pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja guru SDN Mandalawangi paling besar diantara kedua variabel yang diteliti dan diikuti dengan pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah. Secara total pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru SDN Mandalawangi diperoleh sebesar 60,3%. Dengan demikian dapat diketahui ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru di SDN Mandalawangi.
Texto para Discussão 3057
Authors: Ungaretti Carlos Renato , Nunes Ticiana Gabrielle Amaral , Mendonça Marco Aurélio Alves de
Published: November 2024

À luz do debate a respeito da distinção entre adição e transição energética, este texto para discussão busca identificar as potencialidades e limitações dos investimentos e financiamentos chineses para a descarbonização das economias de Brasil e Argentina, abrangendo um marco temporal que se estendeu até o final de 2023. Além disso, buscou-se verificar as semelhanças e diferenças entre os modos de atuação de empresas e instituições chinesas em cada país. Ambos os países observaram o crescimento do engajamento chinês no setor de energias renováveis nos últimos anos. Argumenta-se que a China tem contribuído com as trajetórias de diversificação energética de ambos os países, com impactos, potencialidades e limitações que ora se assemelham, ora se diferenciam. Nota-se que no Brasil predomina a aquisição de ativos existentes, enquanto na Argentina os financiamentos exercem um papel mais relevante. As potencialidades residem na ampliação de capacidades via inversões em novas unidades e internalização de cadeias produtivas associadas à transição energética. A prevalência das aquisições no mercado brasileiro configura importante limitação, ao passo que as fragilidades macroeconômicas da Argentina se apresentam como desafio importante.
Texto para Discussão 3060
Authors: Marinho Alexandre
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma breve discussão sobre as formas de disseminação do racismo no Brasil e a respeito das razões que tornam a discriminação racial um problema extremamente grave e com sérias implicações sobre a saúde, a economia, o bem-estar geral e a democracia em nosso país. Recentemente, a literatura tem tratado o racismo como uma doença social e também infectocontagiosa, o que ocorreria em concomitância com sua natureza estrutural, no caso brasileiro. Com a utilização de modelos SIR (susceptible/suscetível; infected/infectado; recovered/recuperado) muito exploratórios, foi possível construir cenários em que, dependendo das hipóteses sobre os dados referentes ao racismo, e na ausência de eficaz atuação do Estado brasileiro, essa chaga social poderá nos afligir por muito tempo, quiçá indefinidamente.
Two decades of research on Roma in Türkiye: Socio-economic exclusion, identity, and state policies
Authors: ÇELIK FAIKA , UŞTUK OZAN
Published: November 2024

The scholarly investigation of Roma communities in Türkiye has intensified since the 2000s, largely driven by Türkiye’s EU accession candidacy and subsequent adaptation process. This alignment, along with internal developments, prompted governments to prioritize Roma issues, implement projects, and issue action plans. The Roma Civil Society Movement in the 1990s further highlighted Roma challenges, resulting in a diverse body of literature. This study critically examines academic literature to map prevailing trends and thematic foci. Key areas of scholarly engagement include the various dimensions of socio-economic exclusion faced by Roma in education, employment, housing, and health. Additionally, scholars analyze how Roma negotiate and resist pejorative representations, construct their identities, and organize to address contemporary challenges. State policies affecting Roma, from past to present, also receive considerable attention. By critically engaging with this scholarship, the present study highlights significant progress and ongoing challenges in Romani Studies in Türkiye, offering insights into future research directions.

This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC-ND licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/4.0
.
Regions of existence and uniqueness for singular two-point boundary value problems
Authors: Chang Shih-Hsiang
Published: November 2024

A monotone iterative technique with lower and upper solutions is presented to identify the regions of existence for the solutions of singular two-point boundary value problems
\begin{align*}
&y''(x)+ \frac{p'(x)}{p(x)}y'(x)= f(x,y(x)), \quad x \in [0,b], \\
&y'(0) = 0, \quad Ay(b)+By'(b) = C, \quad A>0, B \ge 0, C \ge 0,
\end{align*}
without requiring the monotonicity conditions on $f(x,y)$.
Under an additional condition on $f(x,y)$, uniqueness of the solution is also established.
These existence and uniqueness results are constructive and complement the existing results.
Four examples including some engineering problems are given to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach.
A Buddy for Betelgeuse: Binarity as the Origin of the Long Secondary Period in α Orionis
Authors: Goldberg Jared A. , Joyce Meridith , Molnár László
Published: November 2024

We predict the existence of α Ori B, a low-mass companion orbiting Betelgeuse. This is motivated by the presence of a 2170 day long secondary period (LSP) in Betelgeuse’s lightcurve, a periodicity that is ≈5 times longer than the star’s 416 day fundamental radial pulsation mode. While binarity is currently the leading hypothesis for LSPs in general, the LSP and the radial velocity (RV) variations observed in Betelgeuse, taken together, necessitate a revision of the prevailing physical picture. Specifically, the lightcurve–RV phase difference requires a companion to be behind Betelgeuse at the LSP luminosity minimum, ≈180° out of phase with the system orientation associated with occultation. We demonstrate the consistency of this model with available observational constraints and identify tensions in all other proposed LSP hypotheses. Within this framework, we calculate a mass for α Ori B of

M
sin
i
=
1.17
±
0.7

M

⊙

and an orbital separation of 1850 ± 70 R
⊙, or

2.43

−
0.32

+
0.21

times the radius of Betelgeuse. We then describe the features of the companion as constrained by the fundamental parameters of Betelgeuse and its orbital system, and discuss what would be required to confirm the companion’s existence observationally.
The effect of the Covid pandemic on stock market volatility: Separating initial impact from time-to-recovery
Authors: Zeng Jin , Zhang Yijia , Yin Yun , Moffatt Peter G
Published: November 2024

We develop an extension to the GARCHX model - named GARCHX-NL - that captures a key stylized fact for stock market return data seen during the COVID-19 pandemic: an abrupt jump in volatility at the onset of the crisis, followed by a gradual return to its precrisis level. We apply the GARCHX-NL procedure to daily data on various major stock market indexes. The profile likelihood method is used for estimation. The model decomposes the overall impact of the crisis into two measures: the initial impact, and the "half-life" of the shock. We find a strong negative association between these two measures. Moreover, countries with low initial impact but a long half-life tend to be emerging markets, while those with high initial impact and short half-life tend to be developed economies with well-established stock-markets. We attribute these differences to differences in investors' sensitivity to adverse news, and to differences in the preparedness of stock markets to absorb the effects of crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
A comprehensive high pure momentum equity timing framework using the Kalman filter and ARIMA forecasting
Authors: Mashamba Tsumbedzo , Seitshiro Modisane , Takaidza Isaac
Published: November 2024

The pursuit of higher returns has led to a growing interest in factor timing as a strategy to enhance portfolio returns. Momentum is a popular factor, which involves buying securities that have shown consistent price appreciation over the past 3 to 12 months or past few years, with the expectation that the trend will continue and reducing exposure to those that consistently declined. An important part of a factor timing strategy is in the portfolio optimization process. This article aimed to first construct a large capitalization pure momentum portfolio, which included a dynamic stringent portfolio construction process criteria for selecting stocks estimated from historical data. Second, as a part of the portfolio's risk management strategy, the Kalman filter was applied to the historical performance of this portfolio. Lastly, the ARIMA forecast was used to estimate expected performance and the confidence intervals. The empirical results showed that this pure equity momentum factor timing framework with the Kalman filter together with the ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average) forecasting methodology was iterative and incorporated new information as it became available and further enhanced the monitoring and rebalancing process. This adaptive approach enabled the portfolio to capitalize on time-varying return anomalies as they occured.
On the stability, chaos and bifurcation analysis of a discrete-time chemostat model using the piecewise constant argument method
Authors: Alsulami Ibraheem M.
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the dynamics of a discrete-time chemostat model were investigated. The discretization was obtained using the piecewise constant argument method. An analysis was performed to determine the existence and stability of fixed points. In addition, we have shown that the model experiences transcritical and period-doubling bifurcations. Two chaos control techniques, feedback control and hybrid control, were employed to control bifurcation and chaos in the model. Moreover, we provided numerical simulations to substantiate our theoretical results. This study illustrates that the piecewise constant argument method is more dynamically consistent than the forward Euler method.
Generalized Perron complements in diagonally dominant matrices
Authors: Zhong Qin , Li Na
Published: November 2024

The concept of the generalized Perron complement concerning a nonnegative irreducible matrix was proposed by L. Z. Lu in 2002, and it was used to construct an algorithm for estimating the boundary of the spectral radius. In this study, we consider the properties of generalized Perron complements of nonnegative irreducible and diagonally dominant matrices. Moreover, we analyze the closure property of the generalized Perron complements of nonnegative irreducible $ H $-matrices under certain conditions.