bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of comminuted metaphyseal distal femoral fractures with a micromotion- balancing osteosynthesis: An animal study
Authors: Duan Zhengwei , Hu Hao , Wang Yang , Wang Diankai , Lu Hua
Published: December 2022

Background
Locking plates are commonly used in the treatment of comminuted metaphyseal distal femoral fractures. However, locking plates form a strong structure and promote asymmetrical callus formation, which is not conducive for rapid fracture healing and may increase fracture risk. To overcome this, we designed a micromotion-balancing fixation system based on locking plates.
Methods
Six healthy pigs (Bama miniature pigs) were used to establish a model of bilateral comminuted distal femoral fracture (AO/ASIF: 33-C2). Standard drilling was performed on one of each pig’s hind limbs (control group), whereas eccentric drilling was performed on the other hind limb (experimental group). Both femurs were fixed with a 3-hole locking compression plate using 5-mm-diameter screws. At 12 postoperative weeks, all pigs were euthanized and the femurs with compression plates were radiographically examined. The level of fracture healing and loosening/internal fixation failure were recorded. Bone mineral density, number of trabeculae, trabecular morphology, and calcification precipitations were assessed.
Results
All pigs survived, and the fractures healed. No complications related to fracture healing, such as infection and internal fixation failure, were noted. The bone mineral density of the near and far cortical calli, number of the near and far cortical callus trabeculae, and difference in bone mineral density between the near and far cortical calli in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01). However, the difference in the number of trabeculae between the near and far cortical calli was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
This newly designed system provides stable fixation for comminuted distal femoral fracture, increases the overall strain at the fracture site, and balances the strains at the near and far cortices to achieve uniform callus growth and fracture healing.
Application of ECMO in a patient with post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock combined with dextrocardia：case report
Authors: Zhang Xiuxiu , Wang Peisong , Fu Zhenqi , Lv Wenxuan , Wang Hao , Zhao Tiantong , Song Yichang , Yu Depeng
Published: December 2022

Venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a widely-accepted salvage therapy for patients with refractory cardiogenic shock (CS). CS often presents with mirror-image dextrocardia and other cardiac abnormalities, making surgical management of CS challenging. The use of VA-ECMO and an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) to address CS combined with dextrocardia has not been reported previously. In this case report, we summarize our experience treating perioperative CS using VA-ECMO and IABP in a male patient with dextrocardia combined with coronary artery disease (CAD). During off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB), the patient developed CS and underwent emergency transfer to on-pump coronary artery bypass (ONCAB). The patient then received ECMO and an IABP, which successfully restored hemodynamic function. The patient was eventually discharged from the hospital without further complications.
Analysis of light penetration depth in apple tissues by depth- resolved spatial-frequency domain imaging
Authors: Zhou Tongtong , Hu Dong , Qiu Dekai , Yu Shengqi , Huang Yuping , Sun Zhizhong , Sun Xiaolin , Zhou Guoquan , Sun Tong , Peng Hehuan
Published: December 2022

Spatial-frequency domain imaging (SFDI) has been developed as an emerging modality for detecting early-stage bruises of fruits, like apples, due to its unique advantage of depth-resolved imaging feature, in comparison with the conventional imaging techniques under uniform or diffuse illumination. This paper presents theoretical and experimental analyses to determine the light penetration depth in apple tissues under spatially modulated illumination. First, light penetrating capacity of the demodulated direct component and amplitude component images was investigated to prove the performance of the constructed SFDI system. Simulation and practical experiments were then carried out to explore the maximum light penetration depths in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, in terms of two critical parameters, i.e., image contrast, and ratio of peak-to-valley intensity. Finally, apple experiment for early-stage bruise detection using the estimated reduced scattering coefficient mapping was conducted to validate the results of light penetration depths. The results showed that the simulations produced comparable or a little larger light penetration depth in apple tissues (~ 2.2 mm) than the practical experiment (~ 1.8 mm, or ~ 2.3 mm). Apple peel further decreased the light penetration depth due to the high absorption properties of pigment contents. The apple bruise, located beneath the surface peel with the depth of about 0-1.2 mm, could be effectively detected by the SFDI technique. This study, to our knowledge, made the first effort to investigate the light penetration depth in apple tissues by SFDI, which would provide useful information for enhanced detection of early-stage apple bruising by selecting appropriate spatial frequency.
Identification and validation of an anoikis-related gene signature based on machine learning algorithms in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chang Wuguang , Li Hongmu , Wu Chun , Chang Zenghao , Zhong Leqi , Ou Wei , Wang Siyu
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Anoikis plays a key role in the process of tumor metastasis. This study aims to investigate the characteristic of anoikis-related genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods
The differentially expressed anoikis-related genes in the TCGA-ESCC cohort were identified. The key anoikis-related genes were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and their expression were verified by qRT-PCR. Multivariate Cox regression was applied to construct the anoikis-related gene signature (ARGS). GSEA was applied to investigate the differences of biological function and pathway in different ARGS subgroups. Immune cell analysis was analyzed by ssGSEA. The expression characteristics of key anoikis-related genes in the single-cell dataset derived from the TISCH database. Immunotherapy response prediction was performed by the TIDE algorithm.
Results
The signature containing 5 key anoikis-related genes (CLDN1, EGFR, PLK1, SATB1, and TNFSF10) was constructed. CLDN1, PLK1, SATB1, and TNFSF10 were shown to be highly expressed in ESCC by qRT-PCR. The ARGS-high group had enriched in more abundant cells and immune-related pathways. Additionally, the ARGS-high group benefited well from immunotherapy, while the ARGS-low group was more sensitive to chemotherapy.
Conclusion
This study identified 5 key anoikis-related genes and conducted the ARGS, which can help predict prognosis and may guide treatment strategies for ESCC patients.
Characteristics of intestinal microflora in children with Idiopathic Short Stature：A cross-sectional study
Authors: Miao Jing , Lai Panjian , Wang Kan , Fang Guoxing , Li Xiaobing , Zhang Linqian , Jiang Mizu , Bao Yunguang
Published: December 2022

Background
Idiopathic short stature (ISS) accounts for more than 70% of childhood short stature with undefined etiology and pathogenesis, leading to limited treatment of ISS. However, recent studies have shown intestinal microflora might be associated with ISS. This study aimed to detect the characteristics of intestinal microflora in ISS children and the effect of treatment with growth hormone and to evaluate the association of specific bacterial species with ISS.
Methods
This study enrolled a total of 55 children including 40 children diagnosed with ISS from Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University and 15 healthy children as control. The subjects were divided into the UISS group (22 ISS children that haven’t been treated with rhGH), the TISS group (18 ISS children that have been treated with rhGH for 1 year) and the NC group (15 healthy children). High throughput sequencing was used to detect their intestinal microflora characteristics.
Result
There were higher abundances of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, Agathobacter and Roseburia in the UISS and TISS groups than in the NC group, but Bifidobacterium, Subdoligranulum and Romboutsia were less abundant. The composition of the intestinal microflora in the UISS and TISS groups was almost identical except for Prevotella. The TISS group had significantly lower levels of Prevotella than the UISS group, which was closer to the NC group. Meanwhile, ROC curve analysis revealed that the abundance of Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Subdoligranulum were effective for differentiating between the UISS and NC groups.
Conclusion
The alteration of intestinal microflora might contribute to the development and progression of ISS. Specific bacterial species, like Prevotella, may be involved in the development of ISS.
Reduction of Emissions in Diesel Engine using Blended Diesel with Edible Bran Oil
Authors: Singh Aditya , Barman Shambhunath , Mondal P , Barman N
Published: December 2022

Compare to the other internal combustion engines, the Diesel engine contributes a considerable part in air pollution; especially by emission of sulfur oxides (SOx) along with NOx, CO, and HC, those have a significant effect on the environment as well as on the human health. In concern to the fact, maintaining of the emissions out of diesel engines into the environment is mandatory; accordingly, a standard for emission regulation is set stringently from the BS-IV to BS-VI in this decade. Under this background, it is essential to look for an alternative method to reduce the emissions. Blending of biofuel with diesel is one of the suitable methods. On the track, most of the research works considered neem and jatropha oil as biofuel for blending. However, use of rice bran oil (RBO) is an interesting option, and rarely considered as a biofuel for the engines. In the present work, thus, the emission of pollutants and performance of a single cylinder Diesel engine with variable compression ratio (VCR) facility, made of Kirloskar, are investigated experimentally powered using blending of rice bran oil (0%, 15% and 30%) with diesel under three suitable compression ratios. It is observed, out of the experimental results, that the emission of major pollutants is less compare to using of pure diesel, together with almost same power output, which is a significant outcome of the research. This work recommends blending of the rice bran oil up to a limit of 30% in diesel and the engine is to be operated at moderate load.
Turbulence, intermittency and cross-scale energy transfer in an interplanetary coronal mass ejection
Authors: Rodríguez Roque Márquez , Sorriso-Valvo Luca , Yordanova Emiliya
Published: December 2022

Solar wind measurements carried out by NASA's Wind spacecraft before, during and after the passing of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) detected on 12-14 September 2014 have been used in order to examine several properties of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Spectral indices and flatness scaling exponents of magnetic field, velocity and proton density measurements were obtained, and provided a standard description of the characteristics of turbulence within different sub-regions of the ICME and its surroundings. This analysis was followed by the validation of the third-order moment scaling law for isotropic, incompressible MHD turbulence in the same sub-regions, which confirmed the fully developed nature of turbulence in the ICME plasma. The energy transfer rate was also estimated in each ICME sub-region and in the surrounding solar wind. An exceptionally high value was found within the ICME sheath, accompanied by enhanced intermittency, possibly related to the powerful energy injection associated with the arrival of the ICME.
Methodology for identifying and tracking social media misinformation in tweets about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reproductive health
Authors: Khakimova Aida , Zolotarev Oleg
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the study was to develop the methodology identifying and tracking social media misinformation in tweets about the impact of the coronavirus and COVID-vaccine on reproductive health, one of the reasons for which is the lack of awareness about aspects of the coronavirus infection. We use a combination of machine and expert methods, and use the latest scientific articles as the standard for detecting disinformation. The proposed methodology includes the study of scientific articles as a source of reliable truthful information about the topic (information standard) and Twitter messages (assessment of information compliance with the standard). The result of the study is a methodology for detecting disinformation in the messages of social network users. Based on this methodology, the following aspects of the problem have been developed: 1) the formation of a scientific standard; 2) the principle of comparing the directions of scientific research and discussions on Twitter; 3) the principle of contextual comparison of user and scientific ideas about problems. An original methodology for identifying disinformation in social networks is proposed. In contrast to existing works, principles based on the processing of information from the content of scientific articles and messages from social networks are formulated.
Prospective Cohort Study of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes following Extreme Neonatal Hyperbilirubinaemia
Authors: MCGILLIVRAY ANGELA , Polverino Jan , Badawi Nadia , Evans Nicholas
Published: December 2022

Objective
To describe the incidence and neurodevelopmental outcomes following extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in an Australian cohort.
Study Design
A prospective cohort study of neurodevelopmental outcomes up to 3 years of age of infants born between 2010 and 2013 at ≥34 weeks’ gestation with TSB ≥450µmol/L and/or clinical signs of acute bilirubin encephalopathy. Kernicterus was defined as two consistent signs of adverse neurodevelopment consistent or bilateral lesions of the basal ganglia or midbrain on MRI.
Results
Follow-up assessment data was available for 26 out of 56 children. Three children had neurodevelopmental impairment: one has GMFCS level 4 CP, audiological deficiency and visual impairment, the second has GMFCS level 1 CP and the third, global developmental delay with autism spectrum disorder. The estimated incidence of kernicterus in this cohort is 0.35 per 100 000 live births.
Conclusion
Kernicterus continues to occur in high-income settings. Healthcare should be optimised to achieve prevention.
Hardiness in Family Caregivers During Caring From Pearsons With Breast Cancer: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Xin , Xu Lili , Kuang Zixia , Liu Liping , Shi Zhangjie , Sun Jigang , Wang Donghua
Published: December 2022

Aim
Currently, there is a shortage of literature on Family hardiness among breast cancer caregivers. More specifically, the relationship between preparedness for caregiving and intimate relationship experiences has not been explored. This study was designed to describe the experiences of family Caregivers' hardiness and analysis the influences by evaluating the relationships between Family hardiness,intimate relationship experiences, and preparedness for caregiving.
Methods
From March to July, 2022, we surveyed 140 caregivers of breast cancer patients who were admitted in two IIIA-grade hospitals in Hunan Province, and reviewed their medical records. The Family Hardiness Index, Caregiver Preparedness Scale, and Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory were used, and chi-square and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results
The mean Family Hardiness Index score of caregivers was 58.11 (SD = 5.67). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that family hardiness is affected by educational background, occupation, and knowledge of the patient’s disease. This study found that preparedness for caregiving was able to positively predict family hardiness(β = 0.265, P < 0.001), whereas intimate relationship experiences negatively predicted family hardiness (β = −0.078, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Breast cancer patients’ primary caregivers had moderate levels of family hardiness, suggesting that nurses should focus on the disease itself, while also evaluating the level of family hardiness of the main caregivers. Through disease knowledge guidance and psychological counseling, caregivers can improve their readiness, reduce attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, provide patients with a good family environment, and promote their recovery from disease.
External Physical Vibration Lithecbole After Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery Versus Micro-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Lower Pole Renal Calculi of <20 mm in Size: A Prospective Study
Authors: Xu Xiaoming , Zhou Youfeng , Wang Libo , Tang Chunbo , Wang Shunping
Published: December 2022

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been recommended as first-line therapy for larger lower calyceal stones (> 20 mm). However, PCNL causes greater surgical trauma to the patient. We introduced the use of an external physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL) after retrograde intrarenal surgery to improve the safety and stone-free rate of lower calyceal stones with less trauma and fewer adverse effects compared with micro-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL). 123 patients with stones of < 20 mm in diameter in the lower renal calyces were randomized to undergo either flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) + EPVL (n = 62) or MPCNL (n = 61). In terms of the primary endpoints, the stone-free rate at 4 weeks was similar between the two groups (96.77% in fURS + EPVL vs. 96.67% in MPCNL), but the change in the hemoglobin level from baseline was significantly different in favor of fURS + EPVL (8.87 ± 2.80 vs. 15.72 ± 4.71 g/dL, respectively; P < 0.001). Patients in the fURS + EPVL group had a significantly lower occurrence rate of complications and lower visual analogue scale scores at 6, 12, and 48 hours after surgery. Both fURS + EPVL and MPCNL can effectively clear lower calyceal stones of < 20 mm in diameter with a relatively high stone-free rate. Advantages of fURS + EPVL over MPCNL include less severe decreases in hemoglobin, a lower occurrence rate of complications, and lower visual analogue scale scores after surgery.
H\"older spaces on non-rectifiable periodic curves
Authors: Katz David
Published: December 2022

Let $\Gamma$ be a T-periodic infinite (generally speaking, non-rectifiable) Jordan curve on the complex plane. We consider space $ H_{\nu} (\Gamma / T)$ containing all T-periodic functions satisfying the H¨older condition with exponent $\nu$ on $\Gamma$. We study so called Privalov properties of these spaces
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 30E25, 47A53, 47A58.
Target-oriented refraction waveform inversion: A Brazilian pre-salt case study
Authors: Felipe Costa , Felipe Capuzzo , Luiz da Silva Sérgio , Roger Moreira , Adr de Souza Jr. , Jorge Lopez , Marco Cetale
Published: December 2022

The ocean-bottom-node (OBN) technology has been increasingly used to characterize the Brazilian pre-salt reservoirs. The independence between the geometries of seismic sources and receivers, enabled by an OBN survey, permits designing wide-aperture acquisition geometries that favour the recording of refracted waves from ultra-deep reservoirs. In this context, we present a target-oriented full-waveform inversion (FWI) methodology to evaluate the inversion of refracted waves simulated using a realistic velocity model inspired by typical Brazilian pre-salt oil fields. In our tests we compare three acquisition geometries, using the same node configuration on the seabed, but different source geometries: (i) circular shot geometry, (ii) conventional OBN geometry, (iii) long-offset OBN geometry. We perform a wavepath analysis to investigate the illumination of the target region promoted by the refracted waves of a circular shot OBN survey. The wavepath analysis suggests that Brazilian pre-salt reservoirs may be well illuminated using the much fewer source points in a circular shot acquisition geometry. The FWI results with synthetic data show that refracted waves bring important information from the ultra-deep reservoirs which are indispensable for obtaining a reliable final velocity model. We show that adding a low-cost circle shot geometry to a conventional OBN survey delivers improvements from the long-offset data that are comparable to those obtained from the much more expensive long-offset OBN geometry. Furthermore, these results suggest that the long-offset and multi-azimuth dataset has great potential to improve the reservoir characterization in deep-water exploration marine settings.
Cost Model of the Water Pipeline Systems Used in Irrigation
Authors: Abdelhaleem Hanaa , gad manal
Published: December 2022

Water is the most important key to economic development. Agriculture uses the majority of the entire water resources around the world. Most of the farmed area relies on the systems of surface irrigation, which produce great losses of water, waterlogging, drop in land efficiency, and problems of salinity. Furthermore, weak agricultural methods and wrong irrigation management influence the quantity of the water supplies. Therefore, modern ways of irrigation systems must be used to improve water usage and have good management for irrigation water. The use of pressurized pipelines for the rehabilitation and improvement of irrigation water delivery systems is one of the most efficient ways for good management of irrigation water. Thus, designers and water developers will need useful cost prototypes to form these irrigation water pipelines. This study aims to assess the cost of the covered water pipeline systems (pressurized pipelines) used for farms and golf courses as described in the case study. The developed model uses a bottom-up pricing method generally used to estimate the price of various pipe materials (high-density black polyethylene and rigid polyvinyl chloride). After developing the model, a case study of a golf course in Oman has been chosen to apply our model to it. The model showed the accuracy of estimating the costs of the irrigation system that allows designers to create perfect and reliable cost estimates with limited initial knowledge. The model will be applied through most cost estimation levels, such as feasibility study, budget control, and bidding or tendering processes. Therefore, the cost estimates of the project are less possible to have extreme variations as the project schedule progresses. From another perspective, the unit price for installing the irrigation system of the cultivated area in the golf course is approximately $236.50 per square meter.
4-Octyl itaconate attenuates glycemic deterioration by regulating macrophage polarization in mouse models of type 1 diabetes
Authors: He Sunyue , Zhao Yuchen , Wang Guoxing , Ke Qiaofang , Wu Nan , Lu Lusi , Wu Jiahua , Sun Shuiya , Jin Weihua , Zhang Wenjing , Zhou Jiaqiang
Published: December 2022

Background: Pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and activated macrophage infiltration are early features in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. A tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite that can strongly activate NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in macrophages, itaconate is important in a series of inflammatory-associated diseases by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its role in type 1 diabetes is unclear. We used 4-octyl itaconate (OI), the cell-permeable itaconate derivate, to explore its preventative and therapeutic effects in mouse models of type 1 diabetes and the potential mechanism of macrophage phenotype reprogramming.
Methods: The mouse model of streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 1 diabetes and spontaneous autoimmune diabetes were used to evaluate the preventative and therapeutic effects of OI, which were performed by measuring blood glucose, insulin level, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion, histopathology examination, flow cytometry, and islet proteomics. The protective effect and mechanism of OI were further examined via peritoneal macrophages isolated from STZ-induced diabetic mice and co-cultured MIN6 cells with OI-pre-treated inflammatory macrophages in vitro. Moreover, the inflammatory status of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from type 1 diabetes patients was evaluated after OI treatment.
Results: OI ameliorated glycemic deterioration, increased systemic insulin level, and improved glucose metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic mice and non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Meanwhile, the islet insulitis and beta cell function were significantly restored by OI intervention. Indeed, OI did not change the count of macrophages but significantly downregulated the proportion of M1 macrophages. In addition, OI significantly inhibited MAPK activation in macrophages to attenuate the macrophage inflammatory response, eventually improving beta cell dysfunction in vitro. We also found higher IL-1β production upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation in the PBMCs from type 1 diabetes patients, which was attenuated by OI treatment.
Conclusions: These results provided the first evidence to date that OI can prevent the progression of glycemic deterioration, excessive inflammation, and beta cell dysfunction predominantly mediated by restricting macrophage M1 polarization in mouse models of type 1 diabetes.
Risk factors indicating immune-related adverse events with combination chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and platinum agents in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Fujimoto Airi , Kotake Yoshimichi , Hisamatsu Daisuke , Ookubo Noriko , Yabuuchi Yurika , Kamimura Go , Kai Tasuo , Kozono Aki , Ootsu Takahiro , Suzuki Hiroto , Matsuo Keisuke , Kuwahara Kimiko , Oiwane Yoshita , Nagata Yuko , Tanimoto Kenya , Sato Eri , Suenaga Mei , Uehara Tomhiro , Ikari Akira , Endo Satoshi , Hiraki Yoichi , Kawamata Yosei
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) ushered in a new era for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, they carry the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Recently, various studies have been conducted on the predictive factors for irAEs, but there are no reports focusing only on ICI plus platinum agents. The present study aimed to identify the risk factors for irAEs due to ICI combined with platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients, focusing only on the period of combined use.
Methods
This retrospective study included 315 NSCLC patients who started ICI combined with platinum-based chemotherapy treatment at 14 hospitals between December 2018 and March 2021. A logistic regression analysis was used to explore the predictive factors.
Results
A multivariate analysis revealed that squamous cell carcinoma (P = 0.021; odds ratio [OR]: 2.30; 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 1.14–4.65), anti-programmed death 1 antibody (anti-PD-1) plus anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 antibody (anti-CTLA-4) regimens (P < 0.01; OR: 22.10; 95% Cl: 5.60–87.20), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte rate (NLR) < 3 (P < 0.01; OR: 2.91; 95% Cl: 1.35–6.27) were independent predictive factors for irAEs occurrence.
Conclusion
Squamous cell carcinoma, anti-PD-1 plus anti-CTLA-4 regimens, and NLR < 3 may be predictive factors for the occurrence of irAEs in patients with NSCLC due to ICI combined with platinum-based chemotherapy. By focusing on the potential risk of irAEs in patients with these factors, irAEs can be appropriately managed from an early stage.
A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study Between 60 Gy vs. 50 Gy Dose Radiotherapy with Concurrent Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Unresectable Oesophageal Cancer; tertiary rural Indian cancer centre experience
Authors: Sarahiya Pinky , Rawat Shyamji , Patel Lalit Mohan , Singotia Laxmi , Jain Rajesh Kumar , Raychaudhuri Arkojyoti
Published: December 2022

Purpose-
To evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of 60 Gy versus 50 Gy dose radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy in locally advanced unresectable oesophageal cancer.
Methods-
Study design was prospective, randomized and comparative. 60 Patients (30 patients in each arm) with histologically proven locally advanced unresectable oesophageal carcinoma and with good balance in observed co-variables were enrolled. Total radiation dose of 60 Gy was given in one arm while 50 Gy in another arm. Weekly CCRT was given till radiotherapy treatment completion in both the arms with paclitaxel 75 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC 2. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 2.0. At 4 weeks of completion of treatment and after 6 months follow-up, response was assessed using RECIST (1.1) criteria.
Results-
In 60 Gy dose arm, 76.66% patients and in 50 Gy arm, 70% patients achieved CR but the difference was statistically non- significant (p= 0.559). After 6 months of median follow up, 60% patients in 60 Gy arm and 50% in 50 Gy arm had CR whereas 30% patients in 60 Gy arm and 40% in 50 Gy arm had LRF. There were no statistically significant differences between the two arms in leucopenia (p=0.576), nephrotoxicity (p=1.0), radiation dermatitis (p=0.615), vomiting (p=0.921) and diarrhoea (p=1.0).
Conclusion-
60 Gy dose radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy can be used feasibly and safely with only a few manageable side effects and with favourable benefit-risk profile, especially in terms of local tumour control. However, to validate this conclusion, large sample size and longer follow-up will be required.
Neural targets of the enteric dopaminergic system in regulating motility of rat proximal colon
Authors: Nakamori Hiroyuki , Hashitani Hikaru
Published: December 2022

In isolated segments of the rat proximal colon, the dopamine reuptake inhibitor GBR 12909 (GBR) causes dilatation, while the D1-like receptor antagonist SCH 23390 (SCH) causes a tonic constriction, suggesting that neurally-released dopamine tonically stimulates enteric inhibitory efferent neurons. Here, the targets of the enteric dopaminergic neurons were investigated. Cannulated segments of rat proximal colon were bathed in physiological salt solution and luminally perfused with 0.9% saline, while all drugs were applied to the bath. Spatio-temporal maps of colonic motility were constructed from video recordings of peristaltic contractions in the colonic segments, and the maximum segmental diameter was measured. GBR (1 µM)-induced dilatations of colonic segments were prevented by SCH (5 µM), L-nitro arginine (L-NA; 100 µM), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, or tetrodotoxin (0.6 µM). In contrast, constrictions induced by a higher concentration of SCH (20 µM) were not prevented by either L-NA or tetrodotoxin. The vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor antagonist VIP10 − 28 (3 µM) or P2Y1 receptor antagonist MRS 2500 (1 µM) had no effect on either the GBR-induced dilatation or the SCH-induced constriction. In colonic segments isolated from the rats that had been pretreated with 6-hydroxydopamine to deplete enteric dopamine, GBR failed to increase the colonic diameter, while SCH was still capable of constricting colonic segments. Enteric dopaminergic neurons appear to project to nitrergic neurons to dilate the proximal colon by activating neuronal D1-like receptors. In addition, constitutively activated D1-like receptors expressed in cells yet to be determined may provide a tonic inhibition on colonic constrictions.
A Hybrid PCA-MAO Based LSTM Model for Intrusion Detection in IoT Environments
Authors: Karamollaoğlu Hamdullah , Yücedağ İbrahim , Doğru İbrahim Alper
Published: December 2022

With the rapid advances in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, the number of smart objects connected to IoT networks is increasing day by day. Parallel to this exponential growth, attacks against IoT networks are also increasing rapidly. Various Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have been proposed by researchers to improve accuracy in detecting attacks with different behaviors and reduce intrusion detection time. This work presents a novel IDS based on the combination of the Principal Component Analysis and Mayfly Optimization methods (PCA-MAO) for dimensionality reduction, the Borderline Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (BSMOTE) for data balancing, and the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method for classification. A new dataset was created by combining IoTID20, CIC-ToN-IoT and USB-IDS-1 datasets to be used in the performance test of the proposed model. Thus, the performance evaluation of the proposed model was performed for more attack types with different behaviors. As a result of classification using the proposed hybrid PCA-MAO based LSTM model, an accuracy of 99.51% was obtained. It has been observed that the proposed IDS provides superior intrusion detection performance for high-dimensional, complicated, and imbalanced data compared to classical machine learning (ML) methods.
A general approach for of schema matching problem: case of databases
Authors: Labreche Mustapha , Lorca Xavier , Montarnal Aurélie , Weill Sébastien , Adi Jean-Pièrre , Sébastien Truptil
Published: December 2022

The problem of schema matching is one of the main tasks in several processes dealing with databases, data transformation and data integration. Schema matching involves the generation and linking of heterogeneous schemas. This heterogeneity makes the implementation of a solution difficult and the sources of heterogeneity are multiple. The need for a methodology that can adapt to the largest number of points of variation is necessary. In this paper, we propose a flexible, global and generic approach to meet this need where the main idea is to exploit as much information available in the schemas and this through the implementation of federated interoperability that allows the interpretation of information on the fly. To this end, the approach uses graph theory, more specifically hypergraphs and optimization models for the modelling of schemas and the automation of the solution of the schema matching problem by converting it into a graph matching problem. Our contributions include the proposal of an optimization model to add specific constraints to the schema matching problem, as well as the propagation algorithms to propagate the matching relationships between the source and target schemas. The approach is finally evaluated on two use cases, one academic and one industrial.
Singlet oxygen makes plant epidermis thicker with less stomata
Authors: Yuan Shu , Zhang Zhong-Wei , Fu Yu-Fan , Yang Xin-Yue , Yuan Ming , Zheng Xiao-Jian , Zhang Meng-Yao , Xie Lin-Bei , Reinbothe Steffen , Reinbothe Christiane , Shu Kai , Wu Fan , Feng Ling-Yang , Du Jun-Bo , Wang Chang-Quan , Gao Xue-Song , Chen Yang-Er , Zhang Yan-Yan , Li Yang , Tao Qi , Lan Ting , Tang Xiao-Yan , Chen Guang-Deng , Zeng Jian
Published: December 2022

Singlet oxygen (1O2) has a very short half-life of 10−5 s; however, it is a strong oxidant that causes growth arrest and necrotic lesions on plants1–4. Its signaling pathway remains largely unknown. The Arabidopsis flu (FLUORESCENT) mutant accumulates a high level of 1O2 and shows drastic changes in nuclear gene expression5. Only two plastid proteins, EX1 (EXECUTER 1) and EX2 (EXECUTER 2), have been identified in the singlet oxygen signaling6,7. Here we found that the transcription factor ABI4 (ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4) binds the promoters of genes responsive to 1O2-signals. Inactivation of the ABI4 protein in the flu/abi4 double mutant was sufficient to suppress the upregulation of almost all 1O2-responsive-genes and rescued the lethal phenotype of flu grown under light / dark cycles, similar to the flu/ex1/ex2 triple mutant. In addition to cell death, we reported for the first time that 1O2 also induces cell wall thickening and stomatal development defect. However, no apparent growth arrest was observed for the flu mutant under normal light / dim light cycles, but the cell wall thickening (doubled) and stomatal reduction (by two-thirds) still occurred. These results offer a new idea for breeding stress tolerant and lodging resistant varieties in agricultural industry.
Performance Enhancement of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Li-Ion Battery Through Salt Immersion Process
Authors:   Research Centre for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN),Kawasan Puspiptek Gd. 440‒441, Tangerang Selatan, 15314 Indonesia, Rina Ratri Christin , Sabrina Qolby ,   Research Centre for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN),Kawasan Puspiptek Gd. 440‒441, Tangerang Selatan, 15314 Indonesia, Lestariningsih Titik ,   Research Centre for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN),Kawasan Puspiptek Gd. 440‒441, Tangerang Selatan, 15314 Indonesia, Zakiyyah Salsabila ,   Research Centre for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN),Kawasan Puspiptek Gd. 440‒441, Tangerang Selatan, 15314 Indonesia
Published: December 2022

Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite membrane as separator-cum-electrolyte for li-ion battery was prepared via solution casting method. Hydrophilicity of PVA helped to substitute flammable, toxic solvents with deionised water. Lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB) electrolyte salt was incorporated in the membrane to form flexible self-standing membrane of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE). To further enhance the ionic conductivity, CPE membrane was immersed in 1M LiBOB salt dissolved in deionised water. Neat PVA membrane would have been dissolved instantly in any solution involving water; introduction of LiBOB electrolyte salt deprived the hydrogen bond which transform it into an insoluble CPE membrane. EIS measurement showed that salt immersion boosted the CPE membrane ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude, from 4.77×10–7 S/cm to 1.93×10–3 S/cm at room temperature.
Calculating Microfield Angular Velocity Distribution in Plasma through Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors:   University of Ouargla, Faculty of Mathematics and Material Sciences, Radiation and Plasma and Surface Physics Laboratory, Ouargla 30000, Algeria, Bekkouche Abdallah , Khelfaoui Fethi ,   University of Ouargla, Faculty of Mathematics and Material Sciences, Radiation and Plasma and Surface Physics Laboratory, Ouargla 30000, Algeria
Published: December 2022

Considering the importance of statistics related to microfields in the spectral line shapes in plasma, many researchers were interested in calculating statistical distributions related to microfields with different models and approximations. Analytical approaches and numerical simulation methods can be used to study the variations of the magnitude or the directions of the microfield. The aim of this work is the calculation of distributions of microfield angles and distributions of microfield angular velocities on ions in plasmas. The article briefly presents an overview of previous work and the molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) technique used in this work. We consider interaction between all ions of the plasma according to Debye potential, and we follow evolution of the positions and velocities of particles according to Verlet algorithm. The results present effects of temperature and ion densities on calculated distributions. We compare our results with those of an analytical model based on Holtsmark model at the temperature 105 K, the ionic density 2.1015 cm–3 and for Z = +2 and Z = +5. Another comparison is done with independent particles model (IPM) for ionic coupling parameter equal to 0.17. Our values of the most probable angular velocity are less than those of the analytical calculation; differences may be caused mainly by the choice of the interaction potential and interaction between all ions in the plasma.
Obangame Express uma “ponte estratégica” para o Golfo da Guiné
Authors: de Queiroz Moreno , Silva Marcos
Published: December 2022

A insegurança marítima no Golfo da Guiné é um problema que afeta o comércio internacional naquela região. Diversas iniciativas estão sendo implementadas para mitigar o problema, dentre elas a operação Obangame Express, conduzida pelos Estados Unidos da América (EUA). O Brasil tem participado desde a segunda edição dessa iniciativa, em 2012. Porém, em 2017, foi convidado pelos EUA a assumir o controle de todo o exercício em uma das cinco zonas que dividem o Golfo da Guiné. A questão central a ser analisada neste artigo é de que maneira a participação na Obangame Express contribui para uma maior inserção do Brasil em seu entorno estratégico. O objetivo principal é apresentar a relevância desse convite para o Brasil, entendido como uma oportunidade estratégica de exercer maior influência naquele Golfo. Foram acessadas, também, fontes primárias ostensivas oficiais da operação Obangame Express nas edições de 2016, 2017 e 2018, bem como relatórios atualizados em abril de 2021 sobre os incidentes ocorridos na região. Entende-se que é uma rara oportunidade para incremento da influência no entorno estratégico, aproveitando os ganhos políticos de participar de uma operação de grande vulto, com baixo aporte de recursos.
On a three-dimensional neural network model
Authors: Ogorelova Diana , Sadyrbaev Felix
Published: December 2022

The dynamics of a model of neural networks is studied. It is shown that the dynamical model of a three-dimensional neural network can have several attractors. These attractors can be in the form of stable equilibria and stable limit cycles. In particular, the model in question can have two three-dimensional limit cycles.
The impacts of climate changes on watershed streamflow and total dissolved nitrogen in Danjiang Watershed, China
Authors: Liu Yaxiu , Chen Xinyu , Gao Han , Sha Jian , Li Xue
Published: December 2022

The impacts of future climate change on the watershed streamflow and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) fluxes upstream of the Danjiang River were estimated. The newest shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) in CMIP6 were used as a climate change scenario. The ensembles of downscaled GCM outputs from WorldClim were used as future climate change information. A combined modeling approach is proposed, including the Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) model as a weather generator and the generalized watershed loading function (GWLF) model for watershed hydrochemical process model and scenario analysis. The results show that there is generally less annual streamflow but more annual TDN flux under future climate change scenarios. The monthly streamflow and TDN flux increased from May to July and decreased from August to October. Changes in streamflow and TDN fluxes were the greatest in the worst uncontrolled scenario of SSP 5-85, with a 12.1% decrease in annual streamflow in the 2070s and a 4.82% increase in annual TDN flux in the 2090s. This indicates that active climate policies can mitigate the impact of climate change on watersheds. Furthermore, the source apportionments of TDN from agricultural sources will increase to nearly 50% by the 2090s, and targeted management strategies should be implemented.
Extraction of methylene blue from aqueous solution by pickering emulsion liquid membrane using cellulose as eco-friendly emulsifier: optimization and modeling studies
Authors: Sharmmah Debosmita , Manuel Jerold
Published: December 2022

In the present investigation cellulose, a naturally occurring biopolymer, was used as an eco-friendly emulsifier for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from simulated wastewater using emulsion liquid membrane. Coconut oil, a green diluent, was used as an organic phase in preparing a pickering emulsion liquid membrane (PELM) the extraction of dye. The PELM was prepared by loading with aliquat 336 as extractant, potassium hydroxide (KOH) as internal phase, and edible coconut oil as the diluent. The effect of the process parameters such as dye concentration, internal phase concentration, emulsifier concentration, organic phase to aqueous phase (O/A) ratio, stirring speed (RPM) were studied using Box-Behnken design and response surface method. The results showed that more than 92% of MB were successfully extracted around 120 min. Hence, it could be concluded that cellulose can be used as a promising emulsifying agent in the PELM preparation for the removal of MB from wastewater.
Heterocyclic Moieties as Prospective Nematicides: An Overview
Authors: kaur Komalpreet , Utreja Divya , Dhillon Narpinderjeet Kaur , Anupam  , Buttar Harwinder Singh
Published: December 2022

Plant parasitic nematodes are destructive endoparasites having deleterious effect on about 5000 agricultural crops notably vegetables, fruits, field crops, ornamental plants, and even human health. The immense damage caused by nematodes has been estimated as US $150 billion per annum (21.3%) despite of the availability of commercialized nematicides. Nevertheless, crop protection is still dependent on the development of novel chemicals due to development of pesticide resistance line by diverse pathogens. The utilization of heterocyclic moieties in agricultural industry is considered as an effectual practice to manage plant diseases either as systemic or non-systemic. These scaffolds consist of heteroatoms in their ring structure such as N, S, O, which give a boost to their biological activity as reported. The principal heterocyclic scaffolds are the benzimidazole, pyridine, nicotinic acid, pyrrole, indole, isatin, triazine, triazole, pyrazole, amides, imidazole, cinnamic acid, oxadiazole, coumarin, thiadiazole, etc. derivatives which owing to their marvelous structural diversity are widely exploited. The prime purpose of the review is to provide information to researchers around the globe about varied heterocyclic scaffold decorations that have been employed for the synthesis of potential nematicidal candidates from 2000 onwards and their utilization to combat complex destructive biotic stress. Therefore, this review assembled the considerable synthetic chemistry and nematicidal investigation of moieties against various plant parasitic pathogens along with structure-activity relationship studies. The scientific details provided in the article will highlight the importance of heterocyclic compounds in the agricultural industry and may pave a pathway for the development of novel nematicides.
Impact of Health Education Intervention on Nutritional Status Among
Adolescent Girls in Government Secondary Schools Maiduguri: A
Randomised Control Trial
Authors: Shapu Ruth Charles , Ismail Suriani , Ying Lim Poh , Ahmad Norliza , Garba Hussaini , Njodi Ibrahim Abubakar
Published: December 2022

Background:

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of a health education intervention on
nutritional status among adolescent girls in government secondary schools in Maiduguri Metropolitan
Council.

Methods:

The study was a randomized control trial among 417 adolescent girls aged 10-19 years old.
Data were collected from October 2019 to March 2020 using KoBo collect toolbox. Chi-square and
Fisher exact were used to compare baseline differences between the intervention and control group, a
generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the impact of health education intervention.

Results:

There was no significant difference in nutritional status (body mass index for age percentile and
mid-upper arm circumference) between the intervention and control group at baseline. There was a statistically
significant difference at three and six-months post-intervention for body mass index for age percentile
p = 0.005; p < 0.001, while the mid-upper arm circumference was statistically significant at three
months post-intervention p < 0.001, but not statistically significant at six months post-intervention.

Conclusion:

It is clear that health education intervention has an important role in improving the nutritional
status of adolescents.