bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the functional ecology of animals to the theory of the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. On the scientific heritage of A.F. Alimov
Authors: Golubkov S.M.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the scientific heritage of the outstanding Russian hydrobiologist A.F. Alimov. Showing a deep scientific interest not only in the problems of aquatic ecology, but also in zoology, he laid the foundations of the functional ecology of animals as a common area of interest for ecology and zoology. Further, his views were successfully used in studying functional ecology of different groups of aquatic animals and on their basis important generalizations were carried out on productivity and energy flows through aquatic ecosystems and communities. An important stage in his scientific work was the development of a structurally functional approach to the study of the functioning of ecological systems of water bodies and watercourses. He showed that their structural and functional parameters are naturally interdependent. This approach allowed quantification of changes in the ecosystems of water bodies exposed to various types of environmental stress. To describe the response of aquatic ecosystems to external factors, A.F. Alimov proposed an original interpretation of the steadiness and endurance of ecological systems. As a result, he laid the foundation for a quantitative assessment of the influence of various factors, including anthropogenic, on aquatic ecosystems. The proposed measures of steadiness and endurance of populations, communities, and ecosystems made it possible to assess quantitatively the degree of influence of factors on aquatic communities and the ecosystem as a whole. A.F. Alimov made a great contribution to the development of theoretical ecology. He gave an original definition of the ecosystem and formulated the main provisions of the theory of the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Of great importance for ecology and biology in general are the works of A.F. Alimov on the territoriality of animals and on mechanisms that determine the number of species in aquatic ecosystems depending on the morphometry of water bodies, their trophic status, geographical location and degree of water mineralization. Of crucial importance for theoretical biology is a series of his works devoted to the biological (physiological) time of organisms. Based on strict mathematical analysis, he convincingly showed that organisms exist in their own internal time, the speed of which depends on the rate of the processes occurring in the body and is closely related to its mass.
Systematics of the American Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Communication 9
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: June 2020

The Neotropical genus Anaulacomera Stål, 1873 is tentatively divided into six subgenera: Anaulacomera s. str.; Anallomes Stål, 1875, stat. nov.; Oecella Kirby, 1890, stat. nov.; Bovicercora subgen. nov.; Cervicercora subgen. nov. and Munticercora subgen. nov. A new material on the two latter subgenera as well as on Oecella, stat. nov. are considered with description of 25 new species and 9 new species groups from Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia: Bispinosa Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov. with A. (C.) bispinosa sp. nov. and A. (C.) eubispinosa sp. nov.; Superapex Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov. with A. (C.) superapex sp. nov.; Schunkei Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov. with A. (C.) unispinosa sp. nov. and A. (C.) forceps sp. nov.; Cercalis Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov. with A. (C.) paracercalis sp. nov., A. (C.) spinulata sp. nov., A. (C.) abbreviata sp. nov., A. (C.) neohirsuta sp. nov., A. (C.) apicalis sp. nov. and A. (C.) denticulata sp. nov.; Daedala Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov. with A. (C.) daedala sp. nov.; Mariposa Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov. with A. (C.) mariposa sp. nov., possibly A. (C.) rectiapex sp. nov. and A. (C.) aenigma sp. nov.; Virgula Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov. with A. (C.) virgula sp. nov., possibly A. (C.) grandiramus sp. nov. and A. (C.) parviramus sp. nov.; Bellator Species Group of Cervicercora subgen. nov.; Сonfusa Species Group of Oecella; A. (O.) appendiculosa sp. nov.; A. (O.) tuberculosa sp. nov.; A. (O.) lobulosa sp. nov.; A. (O.) redunca sp. nov.; A. (M.) sclerogenitalis sp. nov.; A. (M.) pseudoepiproctalis sp. nov. and A. (M.) spinolobata sp. nov. All the species from “Grupo Didieri” of Anaulacomera s. l. (sensu Cadena-Castañeda) are included in the subgenus Deragramma Ebner, 1953 of the genus Grammadera Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1878: G. (D.) impudica (Piza, 1952), comb. nov. and G. (D.) didieri (Cadena-Castañeda, 2012), comb. nov.
Six new genera of the subtribe Thioniina (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Issidae) based on type material of L. Melichar and E. Schmidt in the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin
Authors: Gnezdilov V.M.
Published: June 2020

Six new genera are erected in the subtribe Thioniina of the tribe Issini to accommodate seven American species of the family Issidae, six of which were described by L. Melichar and E. Schmidt in early 20th century from Bolivia, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru, and one new species is described from Paraguay as follows: Carimeta gen. nov. (type species: Carimeta maculipennis sp. nov.); Metopasius gen. nov. (type species: Thionia proxima Melichar, 1906); Cophteroma gen. nov. (type species: Thionia truncatella Melichar, 1906); Cyclometa gen. nov. (type species: Thionia bifasciatifrons Melichar, 1906); Memusta gen. nov. (type species: Thionia obtusa Melichar, 1906); Thiopara gen. nov. (type species: Thionia fusca Melichar, 1906). Thionia sinuata Schmidt, 1910 is transferred to the genus Carimeta gen. nov. Six new combinations are formed: Carimeta sinuata (Schmidt, 1910), comb. nov.; Metopasius proximus (Melichar, 1906), comb. nov.; Cophteroma truncatella (Melichar, 1906), comb. nov.; Cyclometa bifasciatifrons (Melichar, 1906), comb. nov.; Memusta obtusa (Melichar, 1906), comb. nov.; Thiopara fusca (Melichar, 1906), comb. nov. The lectotypes are designated for Thionia fusca Melichar, T. proxima Melichar, and T. sinuata Schmidt to stabilize the nomenclature in the studied group according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. New record for Cyclometa bifasciatifrons from Brasil is provided. Photographs of the type specimens with original labels including Melichar’s and Schmidt’s autographs as well as drawings of all studied species are given.
THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC EXPOSURE AND HEAT TREATMENT ON THE ELECTROCONDUCTIVITY OF EPOXYPOLYMER MATERIALS
Authors: Udovytska Yuliia , Luniov Sergiy , Kashytskyi Vitalii , Maslyuk Volodymyr , Megela Ivan
Published: June 2020

The influence of electron irradiation fluxes with energy of 12 MeV and heat treatment on the electrical properties of epoxypolymers with PEPA content of 11, 12 and 13 wt.h. per 100 wt. including epoxy resin. It is show that the electrical conductivity of epoxypolymer increases with electron irradiation fluxes greater than 10 kGy. It  found that extra heat treatment of irradiated samples with a hardener content of 12 wt. h. hours leads to an increase in their electrical conductivity. The nature of the obtained dependences of electrical conductivity is determine by the processes of cross-linking, radiation, thermal destruction and mass fraction of the hardener. Radiation-stimulated increase in the conductivity of epoxypolymers can be use to create conductive protective coatings and sensor electronics elements
Investigation of the Relationship between Economic and Political Uncertainty and General Economic Outlook: An Econometric Analysis on Athens Stock Exchange
Authors: ÖZYEŞİL Mustafa
Published: June 2020

In this study, the relationship between economic and political uncertainties in Greece and price movements of the Athens Stock Exchange and its volatility are examined through 19 econometric models calculated by using the Chowdhury (1993) volatility calculation method. Panel data analysis is conducted. Kapetanios (2005) structural break unit root test is performed, and it is observed that series are stationary at different levels. The bounds testing approach developed by Pesaran et al. (2001) is applied to detect cointegration between the series. To find out structural breaking dates that are critical and affect the performance of stock exchange, Bai-Perron (2003) multiple structural change method is performed by using dummy variables. In the long-term analysis, a negative relationship between the political and economic uncertainty indicators in Greece and the Athens Stock Exchange Index is determined. Uncertainties in tax policies (EPUT), economic uncertainties (EU) and uncertainties in banking policies (EPUB) are determined factors as having the most impact on the stock exchange. In the short-term analysis, it is observed that the uncertainties in question are also effective on the Athens Stock Exchange Index, but they did not have a significant effect on the price volatility of the stock exchange.
Preoperative patient expectations and pain improvement after adult spinal deformity surgery
Authors: Raad Micheal , Harris Andrew B. , Puvanesarajah Varun , El Dafrawy Mostafa H. , Kebaish Floreana N. , Neuman Brian J. , Skolasky Richard L. , Cohen David B. , Kebaish Khaled M.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Patients’ expectations for pain relief are associated with patient-reported outcomes after treatment, although this has not been examined in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD). The aim of this study was to identify associations between patients’ preoperative expectations for pain relief after ASD surgery and patient-reported pain at the 2-year follow-up.

METHODS

The authors analyzed surgically treated ASD patients at a single institution who completed a survey question about expectations for back pain relief. Five ordinal answer choices to “I expect my back pain to improve” were used to categorize patients as having low or high expectations. Back pain was measured using the 10-point numeric rating scale (NRS) and Scoliosis Research Society–22r (SRS-22r) patient survey. Preoperative and postoperative pain were compared using analysis of covariance.

RESULTS

Of 140 ASD patients eligible for 2-year follow-up, 105 patients (77 women) had pre- and postoperative data on patient expectations, 85 of whom had high expectations. The mean patient age was 59 ± 12 years, and 46 patients (44%) had undergone previous spine surgery. The high-expectations and low-expectations groups had similar baseline demographic and clinical characteristics (p > 0.05), except for lower SRS-22r mental health scores in those with low expectations. After controlling for baseline characteristics and mental health, the mean postoperative NRS score was significantly better (lower) in the high-expectations group (3.5 ± 3.5) than in the low-expectations group (5.4 ± 3.7) (p = 0.049). The mean postoperative SRS-22r pain score was significantly better (higher) in the high-expectations group (3.3 ± 1.1) than in the low-expectations group (2.6 ± 0.94) (p = 0.019).

CONCLUSIONS

Despite similar baseline characteristics, patients with high preoperative expectations for back pain relief reported less pain 2 years after ASD surgery than patients with low preoperative expectations.
Complication profile associated with S1 pedicle subtraction osteotomy compared with 3-column osteotomies at other thoracolumbar levels for adult spinal deformity: series of 405 patients with 9 S1 osteotomies
Authors: Lau Darryl , Haddad Alexander F. , Deviren Vedat , Ames Christopher P.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

There is an increased recognition of disproportional lumbar lordosis (LL) and artificially high pelvic incidence (PI) as a cause for positive sagittal imbalance and spinal pelvic mismatch. For such cases, a sacral pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) may be indicated, although its morbidity is not well described. In this study, the authors evaluate the specific complication risks associated with S1 PSO.

METHODS

A retrospective review of all adult spinal deformity patients who underwent a 3-column osteotomy (3CO) for thoracolumbar deformity from 2006 to 2019 was performed. Demographic, clinical baseline, and radiographic parameters were recorded. The primary outcome of interest was perioperative complications (surgical, neurological, and medical). Secondary outcomes of interest included case length, blood loss, and length of stay. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the risk of S1 PSO compared with 3CO at other levels.

RESULTS

A total of 405 patients underwent 3CO in the following locations: thoracic (n = 55), L1 (n = 25), L2 (n = 29), L3 (n = 141), L4 (n = 129), L5 (n = 17), and S1 (n = 9). After S1 PSO, there were significant improvements in the sagittal vertical axis (14.8 cm vs 6.7 cm, p = 0.004) and PI-LL mismatch (31.7° vs 9.6°, p = 0.025) due to decreased PI (80.3° vs 65.9°, p = 0.006). LL remained unchanged (48.7° vs 57.8°, p = 0.360). The overall complication rate was 27.4%; the surgical, neurological, and medical complication rates were 7.7%, 6.2%, and 20.0%, respectively. S1 PSO was associated with significantly higher rates of overall complications: thoracic (29.1%), L1 (32.0%), L2 (31.0%), L3 (19.9%), L4 (32.6%), L5 (11.8%), and S1 (66.7%) (p = 0.018). Similarly, an S1 PSO was associated with significantly higher rates of surgical (thoracic [9.1%], L1 [4.0%], L2 [6.9%], L3 [5.7%], L4 [10.9%], L5 [5.9%], and S1 [44.4%], p = 0.006) and neurological (thoracic [9.1%], L1 [0.0%], L2 [6.9%], L3 [2.8%], L4 [7.0%], L5 [5.9%], and S1 [44.4%], p < 0.001) complications. On multivariate analysis, S1 PSO was independently associated with higher odds of overall (OR 7.93, p = 0.013), surgical (OR 20.66, p = 0.010), and neurological (OR 14.75, p = 0.007) complications.

CONCLUSIONS

S1 PSO is a powerful technique for correction of rigid sagittal imbalance due to an artificially elevated PI in patients with rigid high-grade spondylolisthesis and chronic sacral fractures. However, the technique and intraoperative corrective maneuvers are challenging and associated with high surgical and neurological complications. Additional investigations into the learning curve associated with S1 PSO and complication prevention are needed.
Growing rod technique with prior foundation surgery and sublaminar taping for early-onset scoliosis
Authors: Chiba Takafumi , Inami Satoshi , Moridaira Hiroshi , Takeuchi Daisaku , Sorimachi Tsuyoshi , Ueda Haruki , Ohe Makoto , Aoki Hiromichi , Iimura Takuya , Nohara Yutaka , Taneichi Hiroshi
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to show the surgical results of growing rod (GR) surgery with prior foundation surgery (PFS) and sublaminar taping at an apex vertebra.

METHODS

Twenty-two early-onset scoliosis (EOS) patients underwent dual GR surgery with PFS and sublaminar taping. PFS was performed prior to rod placement, including exposure of distal and proximal anchor areas and anchor instrumentation filled with a local bone graft. After a period of 3–5 months for the anchors to become solid, dual rods were placed for distraction. The apex vertebra was exposed and fastened to the concave side of the rods using sublaminar tape. Preoperative, post–GR placement, and final follow-up radiographic parameters were measured. Complications during the treatment period were evaluated using the patients’ clinical records.

RESULTS

The median age at the initial surgery was 55.5 months (range 28–99 months), and the median follow-up duration was 69.5 months (range 25–98 months). The median scoliotic curves were 81.5° (range 39°–126°) preoperatively, 30.5° (range 11°–71°) after GR placement, and 33.5° (range 12°–87°) at the final follow-up. The median thoracic kyphotic curves were 45.5° (range 7°–136°) preoperatively, 32.5° (range 15°–99°) after GR placement, and 42° (range 11°–93°) at the final follow-up. The median T1–S1 lengths were 240.5 mm (range 188–305 mm) preoperatively, 286.5 mm (range 232–340 mm) after GR placement, and 337.5 mm (range 206–423 mm) at the final follow-up. Complications occurred in 6 patients (27%). Three patients had implant-related complications, 2 patients had alignment-related complications, and 1 patient had a wound-related complication.

CONCLUSIONS

A dual GR technique with PFS and sublaminar taping showed effective correction of scoliotic curves and a lower complication rate than previous reports when a conventional dual GR technique was used.
The estimation of pesticides toxicity with the help of zootest method
Authors: Fylypchuk Tatiana , Sytnikova Iryna
Published: June 2020

The following article is the result of biotesting of ecotoxicological danger of pesticides, which are used in gardening. Ten pesticide preparations were selected for the research, six of them are fungicides: flint-star, chorus, score, stroby, topsin-M and median-extra and four of them are insecticides: bi-58, calypso, mospilan and actara. Toxicity of pesticides was identified through analyzing ten times dilution (1:10) of the recommended solution specified by the manufacturer. Not less than three days old tap water served as control. Daphnia, Ostracoda and Danio were selected as test objects. After 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 24 and 72 hours of exposure the number of dead animals was visually determined and the percentage of survival of testers was calculated. The toxicity of the pesticide preparations was considered as proven if the percentage of test organisms mortality rate was ≥50%. The scale of pesticide toxicity degree was developed, including the percentage of test organisms mortality during certain exposure time (up to 24 or 48 hours). It can be used to define its acute and toxic effect. According to the biotesting results, flint-star and score are the most toxic among the examined pesticide preparations fungicides for aquatic ecosystems, as they showed ultrahigh and high levels of toxicity for zootests. Carp fishes of the genus Danio showed greater sensitivity to the influence of fungicides and lower to insecticides, while for aquatic crustaceous Daphnia and Ostracoda these features were not detected. The sensitivity of the tested test objects to insecticides decreased in an order: Ostracoda sp.→Daphnia sp.→Danio sp. Comparing the sensitivity of aquatic crustaceous in the process of the pesticides biotesting, it was found out that Ostracoda sp. is more sensitive test object than Daphnia sp. Under the same conditions of biotesting, an absolute immobilization of ostracods is two times higher than the immobilization of Branchiopoda.
Complete analysis of the vegetation cover of The Park-Monument of Landscape Art of Local Value «Park-Square» (Chernivtsi, Myron Korduba Street)
Authors: Tokaryuk Alla , Vanzar Oksana
Published: June 2020

The results of floristic, coenotic and biotopic research of the phytocenosis cultures variety of the vegetation cover of the park-monument of landscape art of local value «Park-square» (Chernivtsi, Myron Korduba Street) are resented. Species composition of aboriginal (11 species) and introduced (19) woody plants is established. A complex evaluation of exotic dendroflora on the main biomorphological, bioecological and decorative indicators was carried out. It was revealed that most plants belong to a group of decorative and highly decorative plants in the absence of low-decoterative plants. It is established that the phytocenosis cultures of the park-square are characterized by the highest class of perspective and use with maximum recreational load. It has been investigated, that under condition of optimization of structure of existing plantings with participation of beautiful flowering bushes and decorative herbaceous species, the increase of their general esthetic estimation will be provided. The coenotic and ecological purpose for the lawns of the park was characterized. The park's lawn cover is assigned to the association Lolio-Plantaginetum majoris (Linkola 1921) Beger alliance Polygono-Coronopodion Sissingh 1969 order Polygono arenastri-Poetalia annuae Tx. in Géhu et al. 1972 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991 class Polygono-Poеtea annuae Rivas-Mart. 1975, and intended for mesophytic, hemihydrocontrastphilic, hemiaerophobic, subacidophilic, semi-autotrophic, acarbonphilic, nitrophilic conditions. On the territory of the park, 19 species of alien plants xenophytes were identified with the predominance of kenophytes of North American origin, epecophytes that are confined to anthropogenic-transformed growing areas. The most dangerous among alien plants is a quarantine allergic species Ambrosia artemisiifolia, single species of which are found at the park territory and is assigned to the association groups Lolio-Plantaginetum majoris. Threats of biomonoforming of park phytocenosis cultures were analyzed and the priority of studying of alien plants in the protected areas of the city was justified.
Current spread of Crataegus klokovii on Right–bank Ukraine
Authors: Shevchyk O , Solomakha I
Published: June 2020

This study is about the new Crataegus klokovii Ivaschin locations on the territory of Right-Bank Ukraine. Depending on the species concept, the genus Crataegus L. includes about 150–1200 species and it is one of the most systematically complicated plants group of the family Rosaceae. Species often crossed, forming viable but difficult to identify hybrids. The taxonomy of this genus is periodically critical. Its current distribution is analyzed based on literary data and herbarium collections. As a result it can be argued that species is heterogeneous and sporadic distributed on the middle Dnieper mainly on the valleys territory of its left bank tributaries. According to the literary data, herbarium collections and original researches it is possible to state attraction of this species to high cliffs, slopes, and also the indigenous banks of rivers. The new locations data of this species on Right–Bank Ukraine are given. The first Crataegus klokovii finding dated to Right–Bank Ukraine was discovered within the right steep bank of the Dnieper River between the villages of Stajki and Grebeni Kagarlyk district, Kyiv region in the suburb area “Dniprovski Kruchi”. We have identified five separate localities at this point. The next habitat was found at a previously explored locality. Territorially, it is located in the northern outskirts of Rzhyshchiv town. Based on the discovery of identified population the authors argue for the optimality and long duration of this species existence in the area. The population is viable and able to recover due to the high number of fruits. The optimum existence of this species corresponds to certain stages of succession, in particular from the stage of the terrophy groups to the shrub stage. The optimum of the species population is meadow and outskirts growth.
Detection of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) and the khromist of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the lower reaches of the Dnipro river in recent years
Authors: Tkachenko Pavlo
Published: June 2020

The article presents the materials on the detection of two very rare species of fish: the European chub Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) and the crucian carp (the golden carp) Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) in the waters of the lower estuary of the Dnipro river in recent years. C. carassius is listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (2009). The article also describes the first encounter in these waters with the khromist of the common roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758), which has a yellow-golden colour of the whole body. The basin of the Lower Dnipro includes the Kakhovske reservoir, the Ingulets river, several small tributaries and the lower unregulated part of the Dnipro riverbed along with the straits. Over the entire period of observation, up to 72 species of the round-mouthed fish and the fish from 59 genera and 19 families have been spotted in the fish fauna of the Lower Dnipro basin. According to some data, it is stated that within the migratory and freshwater species of the round-mouthed fish and the fish of the Lower Dnipro's ichthyocenosis only 21 out of 47 species of the native fish fauna have survived here. In general, the current fish fauna of the unregulated part of the Lower Dnipro amounts to 51 species of fish. The habitat of 28 species of fish in the lower estuary of the Dnipro river was confirmed in 2019.
Profile of Transmitted Helminths Soil Worm Egg Infection in Flower Farmers
Authors: Safitri Oktaviani Windy , Wikandari Ririh Jatmi
Published: June 2020

STH infection is an infection transmitted by intestinal nematodes through the soil. Flower farmers are one of the most vulnerable jobs infected with STH eggs because this work is directly related to the soil. Most of the work as flower farmers is in the Bandungan area because the area is suitable for flower plantations. The purpose of study to describe Soil Transmitted Helminths infection on flower farmers in Jetis Village, Bandungan Subdistrict, Semarang. This study was descriptive observational (non-experimental) research using cross sectional approach. Samples studied were 23 respondents. Feces examination conducted on 23 samples obtained 1 sample (4,3%) infected STH eggs of hookworm species and 22 samples (95,7%) not infected STH eggs. Only 1 flower farmer (4,3%) from 23 flower farmers in Jetis Village, Bandungan Sub-district was infected by Soil Transmitted Helminths egg.
Rigorose Wirkungsevaluierung – Genese, Debatte und Nutzung in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
Authors: Faust Jörg
Published: June 2020

Der Aufstieg rigoroser Wirkungsevaluierungen (RIE) in der internationalen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (EZ) geht einher mit einer anhaltenden Kontroverse um experimentelle und quasiexperimentelle Methoden. Vor diesem Hintergrund und auf Basis eines empirisch-analytischen Wissenschaftsverständnis leistet der vorliegende Aufsatz Beiträge zur Erklärung der Genese von RIE im Politikfeld, zu einer konstruktiven Auseinandersetzung mit den Vorteilen und Begrenzungen von RIE aus evaluatorischer Perspektive sowie zur Analyse ihrer Anwendung und Nutzung in der Praxis der internationalen EZ. Im Ergebnis erfolgt ein Plädoyer für eine breite Anwendung und Nutzung von RIE in der EZ, ohne diese aufgrund ihrer Begrenzungen jedoch zum Königsweg der Evaluierung oder gar der empirischen Sozialforschung zu erheben. Vielmehr sollte die Anwendung gegenstandsangemessen, theoriebasiert und um qualitative Methoden ergänzt erfolgen und andere Evaluationsverfahren dort eingesetzt werden, wo RIE nicht geeignet sind.
Sack, Detlef (2019). Vom Staat zum Markt. Privatisierung aus politikwissenschaftlicher Sicht. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag, XVII/379 Seiten. ISBN 978-3-658-26872-5; ISBN 978-3-658-26873-2 (eBook); https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26873-2.
Authors: Röber Manfred
Published: June 2020

The book by Detlef Sack provides a profound overview of the topic of “privatisation” from a political science perspective. First of all, different forms of privatisation are presented. Then the privatisation topic is placed in the context of political and economic theories. After an overview of the history of privatisation in Germany, Europe and selected countries in Africa and Asia, the author describes and analyses privatisation projects in various policy fields. He then points out the need for an effective regulatory regime for the privatisation of public tasks and services. In a next step, the economic, social and power-political effects of privatisation are outlined. Finally, current reactions to privatisation in the form of remunicipalisation and perspectives for further privatisation research in political science are presented. The book is characterized by a pleasant objectivity in dealing with a politically and scientifically often very controversially discussed topic and can therefore be recommended for reading to anyone interested in this subject.
The potential of utilizing mid-energy X-rays for in-line phase sensitive breast cancer imaging
Authors: Omoumi F.H. , Ghani M.U. , Wong M.D. , Li Y. , Zheng B. , Yan A. , Jenkins P.A. , Wu X. , Liu H.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this phantom study is to demonstrate the potential of utilizing mid-energy x-rays for in-line phase-sensitive breast cancer imaging by phantom studies. METHODS: The midenergy (50–80 kV) in-line phase sensitive imaging prototype was used to acquire images of the contrast-detail mammography (CDMAM) phantom, an ACR accreditation phantom, and an acrylic edge phantom. The low-dose mid-energy phase-sensitive images were acquired at 60 kV with a radiation dose of 0.9 mGy, while the high-energy phase-sensitive images were acquired at 90 kV with a radiation dose of 1.2 mGy. The Phase-Attenuation Duality (PAD) principle for soft tissue was used for the phase retrieval. A blind observer study was conducted and paired-sample T-test were performed to compare the mean differences in the two imaging systems. RESULTS: The correct detection ratio for the CDMAM phantom for phase-contrast images acquired by the low-dose mid-energy system was 56.91%, whereas images acquired by the high-energy system correctly revealed only 40.97% of discs. The correct detection ratios were 57.88% and 43.41% for phase-retrieved images acquired by the low-dose mid-energy and high-energy imaging systems, respectively. The reading scores for all three groups of objects in the ACR phantom were higher for the mid energy imaging system as compared to the high-energy system for both phase-contrast and phase-retrieved images. The calculated edge enhancement index (EEI) from the acrylic edge phantom image for the mid-energy system was higher than that calculated for the high-energy imaging system. The quantitative analyses showed a higher Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) as well as a higher Figure of Merit (FOM) in images acquired by the low-dose mid-energy imaging system. CONCLUSION: The PAD based retrieval method can be applied in mid-energy system without remarkably affecting the image quality, and in fact, it improves the lesion detectability with a patient dose saving of 25%.
Early warning for abnormal load fluctuation of wind farm load based on probabilistic neural network
Authors: Shen Zhongli , Zuo Yi
Published: June 2020

In order to overcome the serious errors of wind farm load abnormal fluctuation forecasting results caused by traditional forecasting methods, a wind farm load abnormal fluctuation forecasting method based on probabilistic neural network is proposed in this paper. The probabilistic density is screened out by probabilistic neural network, and the maximum posterior probability density neuron is used as the output to realize wind farm load forecasting. According to the prediction results, a comprehensive severity subordinate function is constructed based on fuzzy reasoning to classify the severity of wind farm anomalies. According to the fuzzy operation rules, the abnormal fluctuation of wind farm load can be warned. The experimental results show that the operation error of the proposed method is only 0.49, the accuracy of early warning is high, and the effective fitting index is up to 0.95, which shows that the proposed method has high practical application value.
Power instability prediction method for wind turbine based on fuzzy decision tree
Authors: Sun Jinkun
Published: June 2020

In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of power instability prediction for wind turbines, a power instability prediction method for wind turbines based on fuzzy decision tree is proposed. According to the variation curve of maximum output power, the maximum power of wind turbine is searched and controlled by climbing hill. The maximum power of wind turbine is tracked by the control results. The power fluctuation periodicity rule is obtained based on the fuzzy decision tree. The power instability prediction model of wind turbine is established to realize the power instability prediction. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high effectiveness, the highest prediction accuracy can reach 95.53%, and the maximum prediction time is only 1.8 s, which fully shows that the proposed method is more suitable for the power instability prediction of wind turbines.
Attendance automatic recognition and learning behavior of web-based course attendance based on machine learning algorithms
Authors: Fei Xianju , Tian Guozhong
Published: June 2020

At present, the automatic attendance mode of distance education is not conducive to the confirmation and analysis of information after class. In order to study the effective automatic recognition algorithm of remote education classroom, this study takes the educational classroom of intelligent innovation and entrepreneurship of Internet + as an example for analysis. Moreover, this paper adopts facial features as the basis of recognition, establishes corresponding positioning points, and constructs precise positioning methods for real-time feature capture. At the same time, the ASM algorithm is used to extract facial features, and the algorithm is improved to improve the extraction effect. In addition, this paper proposes Gabor-wavelet packet set and Gabor beamlet set for auxiliary recognition, which improves the recognition rate. Finally, this paper designs experiments to analyze the performance of the algorithm of this study. The results show that the proposed algorithm has certain practical effects and can provide theoretical reference for subsequent related research.
Infrared and visible image fusion using dual-tree complex wavelet transform and convolutional sparse representation
Authors: Gao Chengrui , Liu Feiqiang , Yan Hua
Published: June 2020

Infrared and visible image fusion refers to the technology that merges the visual details of visible images and thermal feature information of infrared images; it has been extensively adopted in numerous image processing fields. In this study, a dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) and convolutional sparse representation (CSR)-based image fusion method was proposed. In the proposed method, the infrared images and visible images were first decomposed by dual-tree complex wavelet transform to characterize their high-frequency bands and low-frequency band. Subsequently, the high-frequency bands were enhanced by guided filtering (GF), while the low-frequency band was merged through convolutional sparse representation and choose-max strategy. Lastly, the fused images were reconstructed by inverse DTCWT. In the experiment, the objective and subjective comparisons with other typical methods proved the advantage of the proposed method. To be specific, the results achieved using the proposed method were more consistent with the human vision system and contained more texture detail information.
Ethical predictability of patient safety in Iranian hospitals
Authors: Malekzadeh Roya , Abedi Ghasem , Abedini Ehsan , Haghgoshayie Elaheh , Hasanpoor Edris , Ghasemi Matina
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Receiving safe health care services is among the first rights of patients. Ethical predictability is influential to identify the patient safety concerns in hospitals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to ascertain and compare ethical predictability of patient safety in selected hospitals in Mazandaran Province in Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was applied in the current study. By applying the multistage method for sampling, the statistical population consisted of clinical units of selected public, social security, and private hospitals. Out of the 18 public hospitals, five teaching hospitals, nine private and five social security hospitals, one hospital was randomly selected in Mazandaran Province from each cluster. In total, 938 patients participated in the study. Data entry and analysis was carried out by SPSS version 22 software. RESULTS: The results showed that ethical predictability in social security hospitals was higher than the results in private and public hospitals (p < 0.001). In addition, among the selected dimensions of ethical predictability of patient safety in the selected hospitals, blood management was the highest dimension. Safe drug management, error management, infection control, and safe clinical services were the middle priorities and management and leadership of patient safety had the lowest mean in the ethical predictability of patient safety in the selected hospitals in the province. CONCLUSION: Identifying the factors causing ethical predictability in order to improve patient safety and service quality, is of great help to managers and authorities in the field of health services. Such awareness helps managers to consider these factors in all decision making processes.
Good news from Alsace: the Covid-19 pandemic is (almost) over. NOW WHAT?
Authors: Rodriguez Carlos
Published: June 2020

For the last 4 or so months we have been rushing up to find answers to big questions raised by the Covid-19 pandemic. Besides the obvious ones, relating to the urgency to discover something that could curtail the constant bleeding of deaths caused by the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, there has been a lingering mystery about the disease. This mystery can be formulated as follows: How is it possible that so many highly exposed people, including many with obvious clinical signs of being infected, are persistently negative both in the qRTPCR and the serum antibody test? A paper posted yesterday by a French team provides a more than reasonable explanation to that conundrum and, by doing it, put us in a position to start thinking in the beginning of the end of this pandemic.
Las migraciones interiores
Authors: Migración Comisión Episcopal de
Published: June 2020

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Las migraciones españolas al extranjero
Authors: Migración Comisión Episcopal de
Published: June 2020

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Las migraciones temporeras
Authors: Migración Comisión Episcopal de
Published: June 2020

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El trabajador extranjero en España
Authors: Migración Comisión Episcopal de
Published: June 2020

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Reseñas
Authors: Autores Varios
Published: June 2020

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Sistema de partidos y sistemas electorales
Authors: Fernández Segado Francisco
Published: June 2020

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Categorías económicas y conciencia cristiana
Authors: Zañartu Undurraga Mario
Published: June 2020

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Conceptos claves de la "Laborem Exercens"
Authors: García Matías
Published: June 2020

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El capitalismo en "Laborem Execers"
Authors: Gorosquieta Javier
Published: June 2020

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La lucha programada de clases
Authors: Bermudo de la Rosa Manuel
Published: June 2020

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La solidaridad, clave del problema del paro
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: June 2020

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El paro en la provincia de León
Authors: Escudero Barbero Roberto
Published: June 2020

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Mentalidad y comportamiento social, sindical y ciudadano en España hoy
Authors: Díaz Hernández Carlos
Published: June 2020

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Convivencia y participación en los barrios
Authors: Angulo Uribarri Javier
Published: June 2020

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Optimización de plantas hidroeléctricas para abastecer poblaciones rurales en Honduras
Authors: Tapia Córdoba Alejandro
Published: June 2020

El acceso a la electricidad sigue siendo un desafío para una gran parte de la población de Honduras. En un país con una población rural fuertemente diseminada en pequeñas comunidades, la naturaleza montañosa de la Cordillera Centroamericana se traduce en limitaciones para extender el sistema eléctrico. Desde 2003, la Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA) combate estas diﬁcultades instalando sistemas hidráulicos en pequeñas comunidades rurales. Sin embargo, la limitación provoca un amplio margen de mejora de estos sistemas rudimentarios. Este trabajo presenta una estrategia de mejora y optimización matemática de la metodología tradicional de diseño, permitiendo aprovechar al máximo los recursos naturales de estas comunidades. La nueva metodología se ha aplicado con éxito en una comunidad piloto. Las ventajas de esta metodología han sido tales que ha sido implementada por los técnicos de FHIA para ser replicada en las intervenciones sucesivas.
Clinicopathological correlation of the expression of excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1) in oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Pankaj D. , Guddattu V. , Solomon M.C.
Published: June 2020

Summary. Background: The nucleotide excision repair pathway is a sophisticated DNA repair mechanism that reduces DNA damage caused by exogenous factors. Excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is a prominent member of this pathway that maintains the genomic stability. The aim of this study is to determine the association between the immunohistochemical expression of ERCC1 and the clinical and pathological features of oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas. Materials and Methods: The sections of formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of oral squamous cell carcinomas (n = 60) were immunohistochemically stained with anti-ERCC1 antibody. The association between the nuclear expression of ERCC1 and the clinicopathological parameters of the tumors and the patient outcomes was evaluated using the chi-square test. Results: ERCC1 expression was evident in all studied cases of the oral squamous cell carcinomas. A high ERCC1 expression was associated with smaller tumors, tumors without lymph node involvement and well-differentiated tumors (p < 0.001). Better outcomes were associated with higher expression of ERCC1 (p = 0.028). Conclusion: ERCC1 seems to be an efficient biomarker for prognostication of oral squamous cell carcinomas. High expression of ERCC1 indicates more favorable course of the disease.
Specialized care provided to patients with rectal cancer in Kyiv city
Authors: Kliusov O.M.
Published: June 2020

Summary. The major trends in the rectal cancer incidence, detectability, morbidity, and mortality in Kyiv city as well as the state of medical care organization for cancer patients based on the statistical data of Kyiv City Clinical Oncology Center were analyzed. Despite the decrease in morbidity (‒6.3%) and mortality (‒8.1%), the cohort of rectal cancer patients in Kyiv city is increasing (+18.2%). At the same time, one-year mortality (27.0% in 2017), the detection rate at preventive check-ups, the detection rates at the early (I–II) stages are decreasing and at late-stage (IV) are rising (from 14.9% in 2011 to 17.6% in 2017). The above indicates the need for improving the organization of medical care of cancer patients and early diagnostics of rectal cancer.
Peculiarities of abnormal karyotypes formation in therapy-related acute leukemias
Authors: Andreieva S.V. , Kyselova O.A. , Serbin I.M. , Alkhimova O.G.
Published: June 2020

Summary. Aim: To determine ways of formation of abnormal karyotypes in two clinical cases of secondary acute leukemias of myeloid and lymphoid lineages. Material and Methods: Bone marrow cells of one patient with therapy-related acute monoblastic/monocytic leukemia and one patient with therapy-related acute lymphoblastic leukemia were examined by cytogenetic GTG banding technique. Results: An unusually large number of quantitative and structural anomalies of chromosomes in therapy-related acute monoblastic/monocytic leukemia have been established, which have many features in common with chromothripsis, namely instability of clones that manifested itself through quantitative anomalies (trisomy, monosomy, marker chromosomes, including chromosome 5), structural — t(9;11), deletions of the long arm of chromosomes 8 and 14, derivatives of chromosomes 3 and 7, ring chromosomes. In case of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the anomalous clone with balanced translocation in all 20 metaphase plates 46,XX,t(1;15)(p21;q24) has been registered, which is not described in the literature. Therefore, the diagnostic and prognostic value of such anomaly is unknown. Conclusions: Rearrangement with the involvement of the locus 11q23 was recorded in the case of chemotherapy treatment without topoisomerase II inhibitors. The complex karyotype formed after chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which is a criterion for an unfavorable prognosis of the disease, is considered as the equivalent of chromothripsis. t(1;15) is considered as an abnormality that can be attributed to the group of favorable secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia prognosis.
Expression of micro-RNA hsa-miR-30c-5p and hsa-miR-138-1 in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Onyshchenko K.V. , Voitsitskyi T.V. , Grygorenko V.M. , Saidakova N.O. , Pereta L.V. , Onyschuk A.P. , Skrypkina I.Ya.
Published: June 2020

Summary. Aim: To analyze the expression levels of hsa-miR-30c-5p and hsa-miR-138-1 in tumors of patients with renal cell carcinoma to determine whether they could be used as diagnostic markers. Materials and Methods: The relative expression of hsa-miR-30c-5p and hsa-miR-138-1 was compared in the paired samples of kidney tumor tissue and conventionally normal tissue adjacent to the tumor. Results: We found a significant decrease in miR-30c-5p and miR-138-1 levels in tumor tissues even in the cases of early stage cancer. In addition, miR-138-1 expression was lower in renal cell carcinoma Fuhrman grade G3 + G4 as compared to Fuhrman grade G2. However, we found no association between miR-30c-5p and miR-138-1 expression in the tumors and the major clinical and pathological characteristics of renal cell carcinoma patients. Conclusions: A significant reduction in the expression levels of hsa-miR-30c-5p and hsa-miR-138-1 in renal cell carcinoma indicates the feasibility of further studies on the probable diagnostic utility of these markers.
Anti-proliferative effects of a blueberry extract on a panel of tumor cell lines of different origin
Authors: Lamdan H. , Garcia-Lazaro R.S. , Lorenzo N. , Caligiuri L.G. , Alonso D.F. , Farina H.G.
Published: June 2020

Summary. Background: Blueberries are among the fruits with the highest antioxidant activity and have been recognized by their health promoting properties. Aim: In vitro study of the anti-proliferative effects of a blueberry extract on a panel of cancer cells from different origin. Materials and Methods: A blueberry extract was produced using ethanol as extracting solvent. The anti-proliferative activity of the extract was evaluated against seven tumor cell lines. The properties of blueberry extract to decrease cell adhesion and migration were also investigated. Results: Blueberry extract showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on cell proliferation for all cell lines. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of the extract decreased cell adhesion in five of seven cell lines studied and inhibited the migration of MDA-MB-231 and PC-3 tumor cells. Conclusion: This work provides additional evidence regarding the ability of blueberry extract to inhibit the growth and decrease cell adhesion and migration of different cancer cell lines in vitro.
İslam’a Göre Uluslararası İlişkileri ve Dış Politikayı Düzenleyen Esaslar
Authors: POLAT İsmail
Published: June 2020

Bu makalede İslam perspektifinde uluslararası ilişkileri ve dış politikayı düzenleyen esaslar irdelenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, iki temel nokta üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu temel noktaların ilki İslam’da uluslararası ilişkileri düzenleyen esasları ortaya koymaktır. Bu çerçevede tüm boyutlarıyla olmamakla beraber bu sınırlı makalede öncelikle bu ilişkileri düzenleyen esaslar, Kur’an’daki ilkesel dayanakları açısından barışın egemen olması, savaş ve antlaşma şeklinde üç ayrı başlık altında incelenecektir. İkinci temel nokta ise İslam Devleti’nin Müslüman ve Müslüman olmayan ülkelerle olan dış politikasını ortaya koymaktır. Bu çerçevede İslam Devleti’nin dış ilişkileri, Kur’an’daki ilkesel dayanaklarının yanı sıra Hz. Peygamber’in uygulamaları da takip edilerek Müslüman ülkelerin birbirleriyle ve gayri Müslim ülkelerle olan ilişkileri şeklinde iki kategoride açıklanmıştır.