bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
19. Yüzyılın Osmanlı Devleti'nde Kadın Hırsızlar
Authors: GÖKTAŞ CENGİZ Gül Hanım
Published: August 2023

19. yüzyıl, Osmanlı Devleti'nde tüm toplumu etkileyip şekillendirecek savaşların, antlaşmaların, ekonomik krizlerin ve göçler başta olmak üzere pek çok sosyal olayın gerçekleştiği bir dönemdi. Devletin sınırlarında yaşanan karmaşa suça meyli arttırmıştı. Hırsızlık vakaları Dersaadet’te yoğun olmakla birlikte devletin bazı bölgelerinde çoğalmıştı. 19. yüzyılın ortalarında fakirlik ve muhtaçlık gibi zorunlu sebepler yanında çoğunlukla bu işi kötü bir alışkanlık hâline getiren pek çok kadın hırsız Osmanlı arşiv belgelerine yansımıştı. Hırsızlar kadın olunca çaldıkları eşyalar çoğunlukla giyim-kuşam, mücevherattan, altın ve nakitten meydana gelmekteydi. Bu dönemde tek başına meşhur olan hırsız kadınlara ek, çete olarak ismini duyuran ve devleti uğraştıran kadınlar da vardı. Söz konusu çeteleşmede kadınların kocaları ve arkadaşları ya da başka akrabaları ile işbirliği yaptıkları anlaşılmaktaydı. 19. yüzyıl hırsızlık vakalarının artmasında şüphesiz dönemin şartları etkiliydi. Ancak hırsızlığa ve özellikle hırsız kadınlara verilen cezanın caydırıcılığı da önem taşımaktaydı. Genellikle hapis ve sürgün cezası verilen kadınların bir süre sonra hamilelik, hastalık, çocuk sahibi olma gibi gerekçelerle serbest bırakıldığı tespit edilmektedir. Devlet, Dersaadet ve başka bölgeler arasında hırsızların yakalanması için telgrafları ücretsiz kılmıştı. İmamı, muhtarı, Zaptiye Nezareti ve polisleri, istintak memurlarıyla hırsız kadınları yakalama ve sorgulamada etkin bir şekilde görevini yerine getiriyordu. Sorgu sonucu ortaya çıkarılan çalıntı eşyalar ise, ulaşılabiliyorsa sahibine teslim ediliyor yoksa devletçe başka yerlerde değerlendiriliyordu. Temel kaynak olarak Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri ışığında oluşturulan çalışma dönemin bazı süreli yayınları tarafından desteklenmiştir. Amaç, kaotik bir dönemde bu işte meşhur olan ya da çoğalan kadın hırsızları ve devletin bunları önleme çabasını ele almaktır.
Darülfünundan Üniversiteye: Mülteci Alman Bilim İnsanlarının Türk Yükseköğretimine Katkıları From Darülfünundan to University: Contributions of German Refugee Scientists to Turkish Higher Education Dağlı, Erkan (2022), Darülfünundan Üniversiteye: Mülteci Alman Bilim İnsanlarının Türk Yükseköğretimine Katkıları. Çanakkale: Paradigma Akademi. ISBN: 978-625-8118-19-3, 660 s.
Authors: BENHÜR Çağatay
Published: August 2023

Akdeniz Üniversitesi bünyesinde Öğretim Görevlisi Doktor olarak görev yapan Dr. Erkan Dağlı, Selçuk Üniversitesi Tarih bölümünden mezun olmuş ve ardından Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi bilim dalında Yüksek Lisans eğitimini başarı ile tamamlamıştır. Yüksek Lisans tezinde Atatürk Dönemi Alman Büyükelçileri (1923- 1938) konusunu çalışan Dağlı, Doktora tezinde ise Darülfünûn'dan üniversite sürecine; Türkiye'ye gelen mülteci Alman bilim insanları başlıklı konuyu ele almış ve detaylı bir çalışma hazırlamıştır.
Moğol İstilasına Dinî Muhalefet: İlhanlıların Anadolu’daki Dinî Siyasetleri Religious Opposition to the Mongol Invasion: Religious Politics of the Ilkhanids in Anatolia Akkuş, Mustafa (2022). Moğol İstilasına Dinî Muhalefet: İlhanlıların Anadolu’daki Dinî Siyasetleri. Konya: Çizgi Kitapevi ISBN: 9786051967042, 1. Baskı, 320 s.
Authors: DERİ Mehmet
Published: August 2023

XIII. yüzyıl, Anadolu Türk tarihi ve kültürü yönüyle çağının en parlak, en zengin yüzyılıdır. Anadolu’nun dinî ve tasavvufî açıdan en renkli ve en derinlikli dönemi olarak zikredebileceğimiz bu yüzyıl, adeta mutasavvıfların çekim merkezi olmuş, birçok meşrepten Sünnî veya Heterodoks şeyh ve dervişler bu toprakları mesken edinmiştir. Bu asrın başlarında Moğol istilasının yaşanması İslam dünyasında büyük bir nüfus hareketliliğine yol açmış, bu dönemde Anadolu, dünya üzerindeki en emniyetli, huzurlu ve müreffeh topraklar olması sebebiyle başta istiladan kaçanlar olmak üzere göçerler için en cazip ülke konumunda olmuştur. Ayrıca Selçuklu sultanlarının âlim ve mutasavvıflara karşı hürmet, tâzim ve iltifatları zamanla bölgedeki kültürel seviyeyi daha da yükselterek Anadolu’da ilmî ve entelektüel bir zemin meydana getirmiştir.
RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE GRADED CHRONIC PAIN SCALE 2.0
Authors: YOL AĞIL Hüsniye , MUAMMER Rasmi
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To investigate the translation and cultural adaptation, the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS) 2.0.

Methods: The study was an observational and cross-sectional study translated and adapted into Turkish according to the Beaton protocol. Data was collected from eighty participants diagnosed with chronic low back pain (LBP) by a physician. Due to the pandemic, the scales were sent to patients via online form. Reliability was assessed using the test-retest method, parallel form method, and internal consistency. Validity was assessed using face, content, and construct validity analyses.

Results: Cronbach's alpha was calculated as 0.89 to determine internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was found to be 0.92 for the GCPS 2.0 total. Statisticaly significant correlation was found betweeen the GCPS 2.0 and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index (ODI) ( r = 0.759 p = 0.001) and between the GCPS 2.0 and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) (r = 0.777 p = 0.001). Factor analysis revealed a 2-factor structure.

Conclusion: The Turkish version of the GCPS 2.0 is a valid and reliable measurement tool for patients with chronic LBP.
Evaluating the effects of different pollution reduction scenarios on the total phosphorus concentration of a mountainous river basin in southwest China using SWAT model: a case study of the Donghe River in Baoshan, Yunnan
Authors: Wang Yongjian , Zhu Changjun , Hu Chunming , Hao Wenlong
Published: August 2023

Water quality has become a significant concern in many river basins in China due to both point and non-point source pollution. The SWAT model assessed pollution reduction scenarios and their effects on Donghe River basin water quality in southwest China. The calibrated model evaluated existing point and non-point emissions. Three schemes reduced point sources by 30, 60, and 90% and non-point sources by 25, 50, and 75%, respectively. Simulations analyzed annual and monthly total phosphorus (TP) concentrations under the scenarios. Results showed that the scenarios effectively improved water quality, meeting Class IV TP standards annually. However, TP exceeded standards in dry months (January–April, December) under all scenarios. A certain degree of negative correlation (R = −0.52, P = 0.11) between TP and rainfall suggests rainfall that influences TP. Comprehensive measures are needed to achieve standards year-round. In summary, the study found that reducing emissions improved Donghe water quality overall but more work is required to meet standards during dry periods. Rainfall correlates with and may affect TP. The work emphasizes implementing comprehensive approaches for year-round water quality improvements in the basin.
Evaluación de los conocimientos de docentes sobre el ejercicio por excepción de estudiantes de odontología
Authors: González-Álvarez William René , Caballero-Cañas Carlos Andrés , Wilches-Visbal Jorge Homero
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: evaluar los conocimientos de los docentes de odontología de una universidad colombiana sobre las normas jurídicas que regulan el ejercicio por excepción de los estudiantes dentro del servicio docente-asistencial en salud oral. Método: se aplicó una encuesta de cinco preguntas con respuestas dicotómicas a 43 docentes del área clínica sobre el conocimiento de las disposiciones ético-jurídicas que rigen la profesión odontológica en Colombia. Resultados: se encontró que 27 (63%) de los docentes desconocen el concepto de ejercicio por excepción, 36 (84%) desconocen sus disposiciones legales y 31 (53%) no saben de las sanciones a quienes lo ejercen ilegalmente. Pese a lo anterior, 33 (77%) docentes manifestaron conocer las normas éticas de la profesión y 23 (53%) cómo interponer una denunciar al respecto. Conclusiones: existe un desconocimiento sobre el marco ético-jurídico del ejercicio profesional por excepción en odontología, la forma cómo denunciar posibles casos de ejercicio profesional ilegal y las sanciones ético-jurídicas que tienen cabida. Como perspectiva, se sugiere inspeccionar la influencia de características demográficas (sexo, experiencia laboral, especialidad, etc.) en las respuestas.
Uso de Instagram en el aprendizaje de las áreas básicas en ciencias de la salud
Authors: Castañeda-Mercado Rosemary , Lapeira-Panneflex Patricia , Osorio-Duran Edna
Published: August 2023

Introducción: la utilización de las redes sociales por jóvenes y adultos se ha disparado en los últimos tiempos. Objetivos: describir la percepción de los estudiantes respecto al uso de la red social Instagram en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en las áreas básicas de ciencias de la salud. Método: Se implementó un estudio descriptivo con una muestra no probabilística de 118 estudiantes. Se creó una página en Instagram en la que se publicaron diversos contenidos de estudio de las asignaturas morfofisiología. Posteriormente, se evaluó la percepción. Resultados: se encontró que el 95% de los encuestados consideró que las redes sociales con fines educativos influyen en la formación académica, 79% afirmó que el origen de la información utilizada en las redes sociales que siguen es fidedigno y el 35% respondió que siempre existen ventajas en el uso de las redes sociales. Conclusiones: el uso de las redes sociales para fines académicos tiene una buena acogida en la población universitaria y constituye una herramienta útil en la educación en salud.
Tendencias en la investigación sobre educación sexual
Authors: Martínez-Salazar Amileth , Escorcia-Caballero Rolando
Published: August 2023

Introducción: los problemas sociales en el área de la sexualidad, la salud sexual y reproductiva estimulan el desarrollo de investigaciones en el contexto universitario por los riesgos que representan para el bienestar de los jóvenes. Objetivo: analizar la producción científica sobre educación sexual en estudiantes universitarios para identificar tendencias de investigación con énfasis en América Latina. Método: se implementó un estudio bibliométrico entre 2017 y 2021. Los indicadores utilizados en el estudio fueron el año de publicación, la temática, la afiliación institucional de los autores, el área de estudio, el país, el número de citas y la metodología utilizada. Resultados: se seleccionaron 243 documentos y se observó una mayor producción literaria a partir de 2019, con un pico en 2020. Los países con mayor producción en América Latina y el Caribe fueron México, Brasil y Colombia. Los temas de interés fueron la violencia de género y el conocimiento de las prácticas de salud sexual y reproductiva. El campo de la formación de maestros y personal de salud no recibió mucho interés. Conclusión: existe una necesidad e interés por investigar sobre temas de educación sexual en las universidades.
Áreas de risco a alagamento e inundação na foz do rio Cachoeira, em Ilhéus (Bahia – Brasil)
Authors: Martinez Tolentino Gabriel , De Amorim Silva Vinícius , Dos Santos Lisboa Gerson , Soares Teles Santos Marcelo , Ribeiro de Sena Sival
Published: August 2023

Fenômenos hidrometereológicos têm sido cada vez mais recorrentes por conta do crescimento urbano, visto que este impermeabiliza o solo, intensifica o escoamento superficial e aumenta o acúmulo de água na superfície. Esse trabalho objetivou mapear as áreas de risco a inundações e alagamentos na foz do Rio Cachoeira em Ilhéus – BA, onde em seu entorno estão localizados vários bairros que são atingidos por esses fenômenos naturais frequentemente.  Para tal, realizou-se uma análise espacial multicritério pelo método Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), onde combinou-se covariáveis ambientais por Álgebra de mapas no software QGIS 3.26. O RStudio foi utilizado para elaborar gráficos. Foi possível identificar com os mapas e gráficos como cada covariável ambiental e suas respectivas classes estão distribuídas em cada classe de risco.  Os resultados apontaram que mais de 75% da área está sujeita a riscos Moderado, Alto e Muito Alto, e que a Área Urbana está altamente inserida em zonas de Risco Muito Alto, onde predominam relevo plano e manguezais. As informações geradas podem ser utilizadas pela Secretaria de Defesa Civil para nortear ações que minimizem os impactos negativos causados pelas inundações e alagamentos, como exemplo, planos de ocupação, recuperação da mata ciliar, obras de drenagem, dentre outras alternativas.

Palavras-chave: Análise Espacial; Análise Multicritério; Desastres naturais.
esfera pública como modelo normativo de tomada de decisão em desastres
Authors: Feldhaus Charles
Published: August 2023

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Considerações sobre habermas e o projeto kantiano de uma paz perpétua
Authors: Feldhaus Charles
Published: August 2023

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A Golden Shield: The Protective Role of Curcumin against Liver
Fibrosis
Authors: Abolfazli Sajad , Butler Alexandra E. , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: August 2023

Several chronic liver injuries can result in liver fibrosis, a wound-healing response defined by an excessive buildup of diffuse extracellular matrix (ECM). Liver fibrosis may progress to liver cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Many
cellular routes are implicated in the fibrosis process; however, hepatic stellate cells appear to be the main cell type involved. Curcumin, a polyphenolic substance extracted
from the Curcuma longa plant, has a diversity of pharmacologic impacts, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic actions. The anti-fibrotic property of curcumin is less clear, but curcumin's ability to influence inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory pathways, the expression of pro-apoptotic (up-regulated) and anti-apoptotic (down-regulated) proteins, and its ability to lower oxidative stress likely underlie its anti-fibrotic properties. In this review, we investigate and analyze the impact of
curcumin on several disorders that lead to liver fibrosis, and discuss the therapeutic applications of curcumin for these disorders.
Graphene Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials for Targeted
Photothermal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Sahoo Shraban Kumar , Dilnawaz Fahima
Published: August 2023

A combination of cancer therapy (hyperthermia with other therapies) holds tremendous
potential for therapeutic improvement. Conventional methods of inducing hyperthermia
are incapable of limiting a high-temperature increase at the tumor location while also
preserving unexposed healthy tissues. Different materials available are not suitable for the
combined application of hyperthermia and photothermal therapy (PTT). The use of carbonbased
nanomaterials for cancer therapy has increased rapidly due to their ability to transport
various anticancer drugs and to function as a photothermal agent. In this regard, the graphene
family of 2D carbon nanomaterial graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)
has emerged as a promising candidate for cancer PTT due to its excellent photothermal conversion
in the near-infrared range, large specific surface area for drug loading, and scope for
functionalization with functional groups/ molecules such as photosensitizers, siRNA, ligands, and so on with no
cumulative toxicity. The availability of functional groups such as hydroxyls, epoxides, and carbonyls on GO
groups, renders flexible modification leading to biocompatibility, facilitating it for an ideal drug delivery vector. In
the present review, recent advances in combinational PTT providing synergistic benefits of multiple modalities are
discussed.
Expanded Therapeutic Applications of Holarrhena Antidysenterica:
A Review
Authors: Tiwari Ruchi , Khatri Charul , Tyagi Lalit Kumar , Tiwari Gaurav
Published: August 2023

Background:

The use of medicinal plants as a rich resource of therapeutic agents in the
treatment and prevention of diseases & ailments has been recognized for millennia and is highly
regarded worldwide. Holarrhena antidysenterica (H. antidysenterica), also called kurchi, or kutaj,
has been utilized since the dawn of time, Apocynaceae member, also known as H. pubescens, is
praised for the medicinal uses of its stem bark, leaves, and seeds in Ayurveda.

Objective:

The study concentrated on aggregate information regarding H. antidysenterica's therapeutic
effects. The purpose of the study was to compile pharmacological activities of H. antidysentrica
seeds.

Methods:

Regardless of its broad variety of biological and possible therapeutic uses, there has been
increasing concern regarding the use of H. antidysenterica.

Result:

Various phytochemicals have been extracted from H. antidysenterica in recent years and
have demonstrated typical pharmacological properties, including antibacterial, anti-diarrhoeal,
anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-urolithic, and anti-inflammatory activity.

Conclusion:

This review paper investigated the in-depth description and pharmacological properties
of the plant, which produced significant findings on the chemical components present and also
verified the traditionally claimed properties associated with the plant.
Conjugation of Doxorubicin and Carbon-based-nanostructures for Drug Delivery against HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Aghdam Kaveh Jafari , Sabeti Bahare , Chekin Fereshteh , Mashreghi Maral
Published: August 2023

Background:

A drug delivery system is the method or process of administering a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or animals. Such systems release the drugs at specific amounts in a specific site. The carbon based-nanomaterials have been actively used as drug carriers to treat various cancer.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of DOX-GO, DOX-OMC and DOX-CNT in colon cancer cells (HT29).

Methods:

We reported platforms based on graphene oxide (GO), ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) to conjugate with doxorubicin (DOX). The conjugation of DOX with carbon nanomaterial was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, ﬁeld emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) methods.

Results:

We showed that graphene oxide was a highly eﬃcient matrix. Efficient loading of DOX, 89%, 78%, and 73.5% at pH 7.0 was seen onto GO, OMC and CNT, respectively. Upon pH 4. 0 after 15 h, 69%, 61% and 61% of DOX could be released from the DOX-GO, DOX-OMC and DOX-CNT, respectively, which illustrated the significant benefits of the developed approach for carbon nanomaterial applications. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis showed greater cytotoxicity of DOX/GO, DOX/OMC and DOX/CNT in comparison with GO, OMC and CNT against HT29 colon cancer cells with cell viability of 22%, 40% and 44% after 48 h for DOX-GO, DOX-OMC and DOX-CNT, respectively.

Conclusion:

The nanohybrids based on DOX-carbon nanomaterial, because of their unique physical and chemical properties, will remarkably enhance the anti-cancer activity.
Drug Repositioning Using Computer-aided Drug Design (CADD)
Authors: Rawat Sona , Subramaniam Kanmani , Subramanian Selva Kumar , Subbarayan Saravanan , Dhanabalan Subramanian , Chidambaram Sashik Kumar Madurai , Stalin Balasubramaniam , Roy Arpita , Nagaprasad Nagaraj , Aruna Mahalingam , Tesfaye Jule Leta , Badassa Bayissa , Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
Published: August 2023

Drug repositioning is a method of using authorized drugs for other unusually complex
diseases. Compared to new drug development, this method is fast, low in cost, and effective.
Through the use of outstanding bioinformatics tools, such as computer-aided drug design
(CADD), computer strategies play a vital role in the re-transformation of drugs. The use of
CADD's special strategy for target-based drug reuse is the most promising method, and its realization
rate is high. In this review article, we have particularly focused on understanding the various
technologies of CADD and the use of computer-aided drug design for target-based drug reuse,
taking COVID-19 and cancer as examples. Finally, it is concluded that CADD technology is accelerating
the development of repurposed drugs due to its many advantages, and there are many
facts to prove that the new ligand-targeting strategy is a beneficial method and that it will gain
momentum with the development of technology.
The Natural Product Oridonin as an Anticancer Agent: Current
Achievements and Problems
Authors: Hu Xiangyan , Huang Sisi , Ye Shiying , Jiang Jinhuan
Published: August 2023

Oridonin, an active diterpenoid isolated from traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has
received a rising attention for its remarkable roles in cancer therapy. In recent years, increasing
evidences have revealed that oridonin inhibits the occurrence and development of tumor cells
through multiple mechanisms, including induction of apoptosis and autophagy, cell cycle arrest,
and inhibition of angiogenesis as well as migration and invasion. In addition, several molecular
signal targets have been identified, including ROS, EGFR, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK. In this
paper, we review considerable knowledge about the molecular mechanisms and signal targets of
oridonin, which has been studied in recent years. It is expected that oridonin may be developed as
a novel anti-tumor herbal medicine in human cancer treatment.
Silica-supported Active Ni Nanocatalyst for Wittig Reaction
Authors: Srivastava Vivek
Published: August 2023

The preparation and characterization of SBA-15 supported Ni catalysts with varying metal
loading (1, 2, and 3% by weight) was carried out using the impregnation technique, followed by a rigorous
characterization using advanced analytical techniques. The catalytic performance of the synthesized
catalysts was evaluated for the Wittig-type olefination reaction, and it was found that the SBA-
15-3Ni catalyst exhibited superior activity for this reaction under mild reaction conditions (70°C and 1
hour). The corresponding stilbenes were obtained in good yield, although with low to average diastereoselectivity.
An important feature of this protocol is that the proposed methodology is especially
efficient for the synthesis of stilbenes since no additives are required to serve as a hydrogen acceptor.
Moreover, the new catalytic system was successfully employed for the synthesis of polymethoxylated
and polyhydroxylated stilbenes, including resveratrol and DMU-212, with high yield and easy product
isolation. A key advantage of this protocol is that the catalysts can be reused for up to 5 runs without
significant loss in catalytic activity, which makes this approach highly sustainable and cost-effective.
Additionally, the ligand-free approach proposed in this study is an added advantage, which makes it
more attractive for large-scale synthesis of biologically active compounds.
SARS-CoV-2 Encephalitis versus Influenza Encephalitis: More Similarities than Differences
Authors: Hon Kam L.E. , Leung Alexander K.C. , Tan Yok W. , Leung Karen K.Y. , Chan Paul K.S.
Published: August 2023

Background:

From time to time, physicians face challenging diagnostic and therapeutic issues concerning the acute management of children with viral encephalitis.

Objective:

The aim of this article is to provide an updated narrative review on the similarities and differences between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza encephalitis.

Methods:

A PubMed search was performed with the function “Clinical Queries” using the key terms “SARS-CoV-2” OR “Influenza” AND “Encephalitis”. The search strategy included meta-analyses, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, reviews and observational studies. The search was restricted to the English literature and pediatric population. This article compares similarities and contrasts between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza-associated encephalitis.

Results:

Encephalitis is an uncommon manifestation of both influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Both vi-ruses are associated with fever and respiratory symptoms. However, SARS-CoV-2 patients may on-ly have mild symptoms or be asymptomatic as silent carriers, rendering the disease spread difficult to control. Influenza patients usually have more severe symptomatology and are often bed bound for several days limiting its spread. Influenza is associated with seasonal and annual outbreaks, whereas SARS-CoV-2 has become endemic. Complications of encephalitis are rare in both viral infections but, when present, may carry serious morbidity and mortality. Many long-term sequelae of COVID-19 infections (long COVID-19) have been described but not with influenza infections. Mortality as-sociated with encephalitis appears higher with influenza than with SARS-CoV-2. Prophylaxis by immunization is available for both influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Specific efficacious antivirals are also available with oseltamivir for influenza and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for SARS-CoV-2. Steroids are indicated with more severe SARS-CoV-2 but their role is not distinct in influenza disease.

Conclusion:

Encephalitis is a rare complication of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Both carry significant morbidity and mortality. Efficacious vaccines for prophylaxis and antivirals for treatment are available for both viruses.
Estimation of Rheological Coefficients of Acacia nilotica Gum: A Versatile
Biopolymer for Biomedical and Food Industries
Authors: Sundram Sonali , Dhiman Neerupma , Malviya Rishabha , Awasthi Rajendra
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Polysaccharides are widely used in the biomedical and food industries as
thickening, gelling, emulsifying, hydrating, and suspending agents. Polysaccharides have adequate
viscoelastic properties and flow characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine various
rheological parameters of Acacia nilotica (Babool) gum.

Methods:

Understanding the influence of temperature on rheological properties is quite important
for polymeric materials to be considered as pharmaceutical excipients. Thus, a polymeric solution
of purified Babool gum was prepared, and the influence of temperature on its rheological behaviour
(viscosity and surface tension) was investigated to develop a better understanding of the structural
organization of the gum. Furthermore, viscosity, surface tension, temperature coefficient, activation
energy, Gibbs free energy, Reynolds number, and entropy of fusion were calculated using the Arrhenius,
Gibbs–Helmholtz, Frenkel–Eyring, and Eotvos equations, respectively.

Results:

The activation energy of the gum was 3.81 ± 0.18 kJ/mol. Changes in entropy and enthalpy
were 0.56 ± 0.23 and 4.27 ± 0.81 kJ/mol, respectively. The calculated amount of entropy of fusion
was found to be 0.014 ± 0.01 kJ mol−1 K−1.

Conclusion:

The study outcomes showed that the viscosity and surface tension increased as the
temperature decreased. The good rheological properties of Babool gum make it a suitable excipient
for its applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Cesarean Scar Defect (Niche) Risk Factors: A Prospective Study on
Indonesian Women
Authors: Lumbanraja Irwin Lamtota , Aldiansyah Dudy , Halim Binarwan , Lubis Muara Panusunan , Kaban Yostoto Berkat , Rivany Riza
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Niche or cesarean scar defect is a complication of a cesarean section that has
long-term implications for both obstetrics and gynecology. The rate of niche is believed to be increasing
with the high number of cesarean sections. This study assesses the risk factors for niche development
after cesarean section.

Methods:

A prospective cohort study was conducted on women who underwent cesarean section at
the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan between August 2020 and August 2022. Niche was assessed
six weeks after cesarean section using transvaginal ultrasonography. The primary outcome was
the presence of a niche. The antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum risk factors were analyzed for
niche development. A logistic regression model was used to assess independent risk factors from the
bivariate analysis.

Results:

There were 280 patients enrolled in this study. The prevalence of niche was 44.3% by using
transvaginal ultrasound. There was no significant relationship between maternal age, gestational age,
parity, nutritional status based on upper arm circumference, hypertension in pregnancy, anemia status,
surgical indications, duration of surgery, volume blood loss, and puerperal infection to niche development
(P > 0.05). The independent risk factors for niche development were Cervical dilatation > 4
cm (P = 0.035; RR = 1.75), locking suture technique (P = 0.015; RR = 13.81), non-closure vesicouterine
folds (P = 0.04; RR = 0.14) and a retroflexed uterus (P = 0.001; RR = 0.039).

Conclusion:

Cervical dilatation > 4 cm, locking suture technique, non-closure vesicouterine folds, and
a retroflexed uterus are risk factors for niche development after CS.
Nonlinear Loads Modelling and Harmonics Analysis: A Review
Authors: Htita Ibrahim , Abdalla Omar H. , El Korfolly M.I. , Elmasry Said
Published: August 2023

In modern life, the applications of nonlinear loads are increasing, especially electronic
loads, such as computers, monitors, and battery chargers. Moreover, the usage of semiconductors
has increased in modern lighting systems, such as LED lamps and dimmers which are used to control
the lighting level. Nonlinear loads may also be in the form of variable speed drive or arc furnace
loads. Due to the spread of nonlinear loads, large amounts of harmonics are generated. To study the
harmonics of nonlinear loads, it is essential to represent nonlinear loads by their equivalent models
in the simulation programs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of modeling methods of
nonlinear loads, including time domain methods, frequency domain methods, and state space methods.
Equivalent circuits are presented for different types of nonlinear loads, including static loads,
dynamic loads and arc furnace loads. The paper also presents the harmonic analysis performed by
the Fourier transform of different types of nonlinear loads, including harmonic percentage and its
angle. This paper is considered as a comprehensive reference for researchers and engineers to model
nonlinear loads and is useful in power system planning for connecting nonlinear loads where mixing
nonlinear loads of similar harmonic profiles causes worse situations. Moreover, knowing the nonlinear
load profile will help in the suitable mixing of linear loads to achieve lower harmonics levels.
A Proposal of an Android Mobile Application for Senior Citizen Community with Multi-lingual Sentiment Analysis Chatbot
Authors: Pitroda Harshee , Tiwari Manisha , Saha Ishani
Published: August 2023

Throughout these years, technology has transformed our world and has
become an integral part of our everyday lives. This massive digitalization needs to take
into consideration the elderly community too. However, the elderly community is
usually digitally excluded, but despite these various and diverse difficulties, they
remain driven, engaged, and eager to make an effort, to incorporate developing digital
technologies into their daily life. Hence, this research implements the functionality of
analyzing and determining the emotions of senior citizens by utilizing various natural
languages processing-based machine learning techniques like SVM, Random Forest,
and Decision Tree. Different algorithms were used, and various parameters were
compared to obtain the results. It is seen that SVM gave the best results with an
accuracy of 88%. The android application “Bandhu – your forever friend” would be
accessible and usable by the elderly community. In addition, this proposed application
offers various other features, including learning a new language and listening to the
regional songs which would cater to the multicultural requirements in a diverse country
like India, recording their audio stories to preserve the ethnic culture and inspire others,
and lastly becoming tech-savvy by following easy video tutorials. These features would
not only keep them engaged but also tackle their loneliness and isolation to some
extent, as all these features were considered after surveying around 100 senior citizens'
lifestyles and needs. This app will also make them more digitally independent. All the
above-mentioned functionalities have been implemented using the programming
language Java and the android application is built in Android Studio. Also, the entire
app is in the Hindi language, considering that this language is the most preferred and
spoken language in India.
Exploring the Perspectives and Experiences of Older Adults With Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Toward Mobile Health: Qualitative Study
Authors: Kouri Andrew , Gupta Samir , Straus Sharon E , Sale Joanna E M
Published: August 2023

Background

The use of mobile health (mHealth) in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is growing, and as the population ages, a greater number of older adults stand to benefit from mHealth-enhanced airway disease care. Though older adults are a heterogeneous population of health technology users, older age represents a potential barrier to health technology adoption, and there is currently a lack of knowledge on how older age influences mHealth use in asthma and COPD.

Objective

In this qualitative study, we sought to explore the experiences and perspectives of adults who were aged 65 years and older with asthma and COPD toward mHealth use.

Methods

Semistructured individual interviews were conducted with adults who were aged 65 years and older with asthma or COPD and owned a smartphone. Applying phenomenological methodology, we analyzed interview transcripts in order to develop themes and propose an essential experience of mHealth use among older adults with airway disease. We then summarized our qualitative findings and proposed strategies to leverage our results in order to guide future research and implementation efforts targeting older adults’ use of airway mHealth.

Results

Twenty participants (mean age 79.8, SD 4.4 years) were interviewed. Participants described a central tension between (1) the perception that mHealth could help maintain independence throughout aging and (2) an apprehension toward the ways in which mHealth could negatively affect established health care experiences. Several elements of these 2 themes are absent from previous research focusing on younger adults with asthma and COPD. The individual elements of these 2 themes informed potential strategies to optimize future older adults’ use of asthma and COPD mHealth tools.

Conclusions

Focusing on the perspectives and experiences of older adults with asthma and COPD in their use of mHealth identified novel understandings of health technology use in this important demographic in need of greater care. These lessons were translated into potential strategies that will need to be objectively evaluated in future airway mHealth research, development, and implementation efforts.
Assessing the Utility of ChatGPT Throughout the Entire Clinical Workflow: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Rao Arya , Pang Michael , Kim John , Kamineni Meghana , Lie Winston , Prasad Anoop K , Landman Adam , Dreyer Keith , Succi Marc D
Published: August 2023

Background

Large language model (LLM)–based artificial intelligence chatbots direct the power of large training data sets toward successive, related tasks as opposed to single-ask tasks, for which artificial intelligence already achieves impressive performance. The capacity of LLMs to assist in the full scope of iterative clinical reasoning via successive prompting, in effect acting as artificial physicians, has not yet been evaluated.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate ChatGPT’s capacity for ongoing clinical decision support via its performance on standardized clinical vignettes.

Methods

We inputted all 36 published clinical vignettes from the Merck Sharpe & Dohme (MSD) Clinical Manual into ChatGPT and compared its accuracy on differential diagnoses, diagnostic testing, final diagnosis, and management based on patient age, gender, and case acuity. Accuracy was measured by the proportion of correct responses to the questions posed within the clinical vignettes tested, as calculated by human scorers. We further conducted linear regression to assess the contributing factors toward ChatGPT’s performance on clinical tasks.

Results

ChatGPT achieved an overall accuracy of 71.7% (95% CI 69.3%-74.1%) across all 36 clinical vignettes. The LLM demonstrated the highest performance in making a final diagnosis with an accuracy of 76.9% (95% CI 67.8%-86.1%) and the lowest performance in generating an initial differential diagnosis with an accuracy of 60.3% (95% CI 54.2%-66.6%). Compared to answering questions about general medical knowledge, ChatGPT demonstrated inferior performance on differential diagnosis (β=–15.8%; P<.001) and clinical management (β=–7.4%; P=.02) question types.

Conclusions

ChatGPT achieves impressive accuracy in clinical decision-making, with increasing strength as it gains more clinical information at its disposal. In particular, ChatGPT demonstrates the greatest accuracy in tasks of final diagnosis as compared to initial diagnosis. Limitations include possible model hallucinations and the unclear composition of ChatGPT’s training data set.
Shaping the Future of Older Adult Care: ChatGPT, Advanced AI, and the Transformation of Clinical Practice (Preprint)
Authors: Fear Kathleen , Gleber Conrad
Published: August 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

As the older adult population in the United States grows, new approaches to managing and streamlining clinical work are needed to accommodate their increased demand for health care. Deep learning and generative artificial intelligence (AI) have the potential to transform how care is delivered and how clinicians practice in geriatrics. In this editorial, we explore the opportunities and limitations of these technologies.
Empowering Foot Care Literacy Among People Living With Diabetes and Their Carers With an mHealth App: Protocol for a Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liew Huiling , Pienkowska Anita , Ang Chin-Siang , Mahadzir Muhammad Daniel Azlan , Goh Kelley Fann Ing , Lodh Nandika , Bojic Iva , Lawate Ashwini , Ong Qi Chwen , Venkataraman Kavita , Car Josip , Ho Andy Hau Yan
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) cause significant morbidity affecting 19% to 34% of people living with diabetes mellitus. DFUs not only impair quality of life but may also result in limb loss and mortality. Patient education has been advocated to raise awareness of proper foot self-care and the necessity of seeking assistance when a foot wound occurs. Modern technologies, including mobile health (mHealth) interventions such as health apps, bring the potential for more cost-effective and scalable interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the feasibility and usability of a newly developed mHealth app called Well Feet, which is a diabetes and foot care education app for individuals at risk of developing DFU.

METHODS

Well Feet was developed using an evidence-based and expert panel cocreation approach to deliver educational content available in 3 languages (ie, English, Chinese, and Malay) via animation videos and a range of additional features, including adaptive learning. A nonrandomized, single-arm feasibility study using a mixed methods approach with a series of validated questionnaires and focus group discussions will be conducted. In total, 40 patients and carers will be recruited from a tertiary hospital diabetes clinic to receive a 1-month mHealth intervention. The primary outcomes are the usability of the app and a qualitative perspective on user experience. Secondary outcomes include changes in foot care knowledge, self-management behaviors, and quality of life.

RESULTS

Patient recruitment began in July 2023, and the intervention and data collection will be completed by the end of September 2023. This study has been approved by National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Review Board (2022/00614) on February 10, 2023. The expected results will be published in spring 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

Through this feasibility study, the Well Feet DFU education app will undergo a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative evaluation of its usability and acceptance for future improvement in its design. With local contextualization, cultural adaptation, and its multilingual functionality, the app addresses a critical aspect of DFU health education and self-management in a multiethnic population. Findings from this study will refine and enhance the features of the app based on user feedback and shape the procedural framework for a subsequent randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of Well Feet.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05564728; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05564728

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/52036
If Data is Used in the Forest and No-one is Around to Hear it, Did it Happen? a Citation Count Investigation
Authors: Borda Susan
Published: August 2023

In this article I describe the process and results of tracking a citation from a data repository through the article publication process and trying to add a citation event to one of our DOIs. I also discuss some other confusing aspects related to citation counts as indicated in various systems, including reference managers, the publisherâ€™s perspective, aggregators, and DOI minters. I discovered numerous problems with citations. Addressing these problems is important as citations can be key to determining both the original use and reuse of a dataset, especially for repositories that do not track usage by requiring people to login or provide an email to download a dataset. The lack of transparency in some data citation systems and processes obscures how and where data is being used.
Las relaciones universidad-empresa: Los casos México y Japón
Authors: Moreno Zacarías Hugo Martín , Ojeda Pérez Fabián , Rodríguez Vázquez Alejandro
Published: August 2023

Un factor primordial en el desarrollo de las naciones es establecer una estructura entre la Universidad, la empresa y el gobierno denominada la Triple Hélice (TH) del desarrollo económico. Para este trabajo se estudian las relaciones entre la empresa o industria y el sector académico (ya sea universidades o institutos tecnológicos). Se establece cuáles son las condiciones en Japón y México, respecto al uso y políticas para la realización de estos actos de vinculación Universidad-Empresa. Para México se presentan antecedentes inciertos y esporádicos sin apoyo oficial de estas relaciones. En cambio, para Japón ya se presentan antecedentes estructurales oficiales que fomentan el desarrollo de nuevas patentes nacionales. En conclusión, se determina que Japón, debido a su baja poblacional y la pérdida de competitividad internacional, ha modificado sus leyes de fomento a las relaciones de vinculación con México que siempre fueron inconsistentes y con el nuevo plan de desarrollo sexenal 2013-2017 establece nuevas estructuras y planes de fomento para la permanencia de estas relaciones de vinculación.
Impacto socio-ambiental de las fuentes renovables de energía, un factor clave a resolver para un despliegue masivo de energía limpia en México
Authors: Sandoval-García Edgar
Published: August 2023

México en el mediano plazo requerirá de aumentar la diversificación de su matriz de generación eléctrica para hacer frente a compromisos de carácter internacional de mitigación del cambio climático y a nivel local para alcanzar la sostenibilidad del sector eléctrico. Las fuentes renovables de energía representan una opción viable dado el gran potencial con el que cuenta el país a nivel regional. La falta de estudios previos de impacto social y de condiciones de progreso para las comunidades originarias, han ocasionado barreras locales para nuevos proyectos de instalación de tecnología basada en renovables, con el riesgo de extrapolarse a nivel nacional. Situación que requiere: inmediatez por parte de las diferentes instituciones correspondientes y clasificación como tema prioritario en la agenda pública, con la intención de lograr soluciones justas e incluyentes.
Modified dipole-dipole interactions in the presence of a nanophotonic waveguide
Authors: Svendsen Mathias B. M. , Olmos Beatriz
Published: August 2023

When an emitter ensemble interacts with the electromagnetic field, dipole-dipole interactions are induced between the emitters. The magnitude and shape of these interactions are fully determined by the specific form of the electromagnetic field modes. If the emitters are placed in the vicinity of a nanophotonic waveguide, such as a cylindrical nanofiber, the complex functional form of these modes makes the analytical evaluation of the dipole-dipole interaction cumbersome and numerically costly. In this work, we provide a full detailed description of how to successfully calculate these interactions, outlining a method that can be easily extended to other environments and boundary conditions. Such exact evaluation is of importance as, due to the collective character of the interactions and dissipation in this kind of systems, any small modification of the interactions may lead to dramatic changes in experimental observables, particularly as the number of emitters increases. We illustrate this by calculating the transmission signal of the light guided by a cylindrical nanofiber in the presence of a nearby chain of emitters.
Alimentando existências: o trânsito de pessoas, experiências e comidas
Authors: Chitolina Zanini Maria Catarina , de Oliveira Santos Miriam
Published: August 2023

Trata-se de obra que pretende trazer reflexões acerca de experiências (individuais e coletivas) em que mobilidades, comidas, sabores, saberes e narrativas se cruzam. Ouvir, sentir, conhecer, das cosmologias às práticas, observando-se o quanto se pode estar no mundo, senti-lo e narrado de formas diferenciadas. É uma obra que acolhe as diversidades e possibilidades de narrá-la.
Implementasi Rateb Siribee terhadap Akhlak Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Pondok Ulumul Quran Mardhatillah Tangga Besi Kota Subulussalam
Authors: Chaniago Fitriyani , Idris Saifullah , Masbur Masbur
Published: August 2023

Morals occupy an important position in human life, both as individuals, communities, and nations.  This article aims to find out how the implementation of Rateb Siribee on the morals of students at the Ulumul Quran Mardhatillah Islamic Boarding School Pondok Tangga Besi Kota Subulussalam. This type of research includes qualitative research. Primary data in this study are the results of interviews with several students and teachers at the Ulumul Qur'an Mardhatillah Islamic Boarding School Tangga Besi, Subulussalam District. Secondary data is obtained through a review of documentation derived from books, journals, related articles that become a foothold in the implementation of research. Data collection techniques in this study include observation, interviews, and documentation review. The data analysis technique used in this research is content analysis. The implementation of Rateb Siribe on the morals of Pasantren Ulumul Quran Tangga Besi Subulussalam City students is to educate students to become qualified individuals for their religion and nation. In particular, making students feel the existence of Allah directly in everyday life, then educating students in discipline, increasing worship and strengthening friendship.