bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES AND PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSPECTS AND ACCUSED MEN PLACED IN A PRE-TRIAL DETENTION CENTER
Authors: Razumova Elena
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the protective mechanisms of the psyche and personality characteristics of suspects and accused men placed in a pre- trial detention center of the penal system. The features of the use of the protective mechanisms of the psyche by these persons are studied. The analysis of literary sources has shown that the problem under consideration is poorly developed both theoretically and experimentally. As a result of the conducted research, personality characteristics, protective mechanisms, as well as their connections in men who are in group isolation and at large have been established.
IDENTITY MANAGEMENT, SSI AND BLOCKCHAIN: A REVIEW
Authors:   IndoAI Technologies P Ltd, Pune, Maharashtra, Pune, Gujar Vivek
Published: March 2024

As an individual, in the social and digital world, the burden of managing multiple online IDs and passwords, while handling a host of documents e.g passports, driver’s licenses, Social Security/Aadhar cards and medical insurance cards is cumbersome. Identities both in the social and digital world requires security and privacy: managing these identities efficiently is called Identity Management. Once these identities established, they are produced, shown, send, verified in some way or the other for various processes in Government and non Government purposes. Lately it is established that Blockchain technology has immense use to control over identities (Identity Management) with complete secrecy and privacy. Self-sovereign identity (SSI) is undergoing a transformative evolution, driven by the integration of blockchain technology and Facial Recognition Technology (FRT). This envisioned future entails a paradigm shift where unique facial features serve as the secure key for unlocking one's identity. Blockchain, functioning as a decentralized and secure repository, facilitates the storage of facial data. This convergence of SSI, blockchain, and FRT not only augments security but also streamlines authentication processes, reducing the reliance on conventional passwords and identification documents. It’s a future where individuals can seamlessly access their data, marking a significant advancement in secure and personalized identity management within an academic context.
Impact of Surgical Treatment on Quality of Life of Patients with Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: A Case Study of Two Referral Hospitals in Kenya
Authors: Moseti Ghalib , Orango Omenge , Odongo Benjamin Elly , Itsura Peter , Odunga Jack
Published: March 2024

Objective: To determine the impact of surgical treatment on quality of life (QoL) of patients with early-stage cervical cancer at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH), Eldoret, Kenya, and Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), Nairobi, Kenya.

Methods: A cohort study conducted among 71 patients undergoing surgery for surgically amenable cervical cancer stage. Consecutive sampling of females was used to recruit participants. Participants were followed up for 3 months post-operatively. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the study participants. Bivariate analysis was used to assess the relationship between dependent and independent variables, and p value ≤0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results: Nearly two-thirds (63.5%) of the females had a parity of four or more, 69 (97.2%) did not have a family history of cervical cancer, and 57 (80.3%) were negative on HIV test. Most females (47.9%) had Stage IB2 cervical cancer, followed by those with Stage IB1, seen in 28 (39.4%) of the females enrolled. There were statistically significant differences in pain/discomfort (p=0.028) and anxiety/depression (p=0.028). Patients aged 20–35 years had a two-fold increased likelihood (adjusted odds ratio: 2.44; 95% confidence interval: 1.30–3.10; p=0.011) of reporting better QoL scores compared to older females. The lower the cervical cancer stage (Stage IA2), the higher the likelihood for improved QoL following surgical management of cervical cancer (adjusted odds ratio: 5.69; 95% confidence interval: 3.55–6.89; p=0.001).

Conclusion: This study reports that being aged 20–35 years old and having a lower stage cervical cancer increased the likelihood of a good QoL outcome following surgical management of cervical cancer.
Distribution of Macrozoobenthos of Flowing Water Bodies by Altitudinal Belts of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
Authors: Bayramov A. , Maharramov M.
Published: March 2024

Spatial distribution, species structure and ecological indicators of macrozoobenthos of flowing water bodies by altitude belts of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic were studied. Macrobenthos fauna of the rivers of the region is formed in psammoreophilic, phytoreophilic and peloreophilic biocenoses with a great advantage of lithoreophilic biocenosis. The lithoreophilic biocenosis of rivers of the mountain and high-mountain belts is characterized by extensive area and abundance of species diversity. The core of the lithoreophilic biocenosis is composed of populations of rheophilic organisms such as moths, mayflies, vernal pools and simulids; its usual inhabitants are also rheophilic larvae of chironomids of the genus Polypedilum, Endochironomus, Eukiefferiella, Cricotopus and Orthocladius. The family composition of the fauna was found to be relatively stable along the rivers. Differences in the species composition of macrobenthos fauna, change of dominant species in biocenoses are related to biological features of the main species, anthropic and anthropogenic impacts, as well as different time of research. The species composition of macrozoobenthos of the rivers of the autonomous republic decreases from the source to the mouth.
Anthropogenic Soils Evaluation in the Southwestern Part of the Apsheron Peninsula
Authors: Guliyeva Ye. , Karimova Kh.
Published: March 2024

The results of obtaining rating points for technogenic soils in the southwestern part of the Apsheron Peninsula are presented. The results of the chemical composition of soils are presented. The rating points were calculated, and the main rating scale was constructed. Applying correction factors for particle size distribution, thickness, salinity and solonetz content, the final rating points were calculated, and the final rating scale was constructed.
Application of the Naive Bayes Classifier Method and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process in Determining Books Eligible for Publishing
Authors: Irwansyah Mochamad Denny , Negara Teguh Puja , Erniyati Erniyati , Citra Puspa
Published: March 2024

The manuscript selection process is the process of assessing manuscripts worthy of publication. The Editor's job is to provide an evaluation of each manuscript based on the assessment criteria and sub-criteria. By using a decision support system, it can make it easier for policymakers to determine the suitability of a manuscript. In this research, a decision support system is applied to select papers that are worthy of publication, namely the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) method for selecting the suitability of manuscripts using subjective criteria and the Naïve Bayes method for classifying books based on their genre. The test results using the F-AHP method produced an accuracy rate of 83.33% using 30 books out of 150 books and using the Naïve Bayes method produced an accuracy rate of 80% using 30 books from the internet. This system uses the Visual Studi Code IDE, Firebase, and Pythonanywhere as its database with an Android display.
Non-medical Use of Prescription Psychostimulants and Academic Performance in Medical Students
Authors: Sümbül Şekerci Betül , Bektay Muhammed Yunus , Bildik Özlem
Published: March 2024

Objective: It is well-known that healthy medical students use psychostimulants to improve their cognitive functions and reduce their need for sleep. The main motivation behind this cognitive enhancement is to increase academic performance. However, the literature is not clear enough to support this situation.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with an online survey and 585 students participated. The grade point average number was used to assess the student' academic performance. Additionally, the scale based on self-evaluations was used to assess levels of pharmaceutical knowledge, study performance, academic success, academic anxiety, and study performance.

Results: Out of 585 healthy students, 40 (7.3%) admitted to using psychostimulants to enhance their academic performance. However, there was no significant difference in grade point average scores and perceived academic success levels between users and non-users. Nonetheless, most of the users reported that they benefited from taking psychostimulant drugs. Risk factors for non-medical use of prescription psychostimulants included high levels of pharmacology knowledge, smoking, and poor academic performance.

Conclusion: Although non-medical use of prescription psychostimulants did not appear to affect academic performance significantly, most students reported positive subjective experiences, which could have a motivational effect. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the benefits and side effects of psychostimulants in healthy young individuals in more detail and to provide them with up-to-date information on this issue.
The Effect of Theory-Based Care on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy, Anxiety and Breast Milk Release
Authors: Gürel Reyyan , Şentürk Erenel Ayten
Published: March 2024

Objective: The effect of nursing care provided according to Dennis’ breastfeeding self-efficacy theory on breastfeeding self-efficacy, anxiety, and breast milk secretion was evaluated.

Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 60 mothers in the first week postpartum were examined. The mothers and their supporters in the Dennis Theory-Based Nursing Care group were trained. Before the training, mothers were given the personal information form and the breastfeeding diary form to be filled out for 15 days. The perception of breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers was evaluated using the “Postpartum Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale”. Their anxiety was determined using the “State Anxiety Scale”, and breast milk release was assessed using the “Daily Form for Baby’s Adequate Nutrition”. The parameters were measured on the first day and 15 days after the training. Routine hospital standard nursing care was provided to the mothers in the control group.

Results: The number of formulas given by mothers in the Dennis Theory-Based Nursing Care group to their babies was significantly lower than the number of formulas given by the mothers in the control group (Z=–0.90, p
A Follow-Up Study of Children Diagnosed with Delayed Speech and Language
Authors: Yurdakul Çınar Fatma , Çiprut Ayça
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the current health status of children with normal peripheral hearing who were referred to the audiology clinic with complaints of speech and language delay in early childhood.

Methods: The data of a retrospective file review in which the information of 105 children with normal hearing ages 12-60 months referred to the Audiology Clinic with complaints of speech and language delay were used in the study. After the initial diagnosis of delayed speech and language (approximately two years), their medical condition was assessed through semi-structured telephone interviews. The obtained data are presented with descriptive statistics.

Results: Out of 105 children, 54 (51.4%) were diagnosed with other additional diagnoses including; autism spectrum disorder:21 (20%), general developmental delay: 13 (12.3%), attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder: 9 (8.5%), epilepsy: 4 (3.8%).7 (6.6%) of children followed from endocrine, neurology, genetics, cardiology, nephrology and ophthalmology departments. 51 children (48.57%) have achieved the average level of speech and language development with interventions such as speech and language therapy and/or social support in the following period, and they do not currently have any medical follow-up.

Conclusion: The results indicated that cases where children who apply with the complaint of speech and language delay may have additional diagnoses in the future, or they can achieve the average level of speech and language development with specialist interventions. Long-term follow-up of this delay is important in terms of providing effective communication skills and the probability of being a diagnostic marker.
There’s a Hinterland in Me
Authors: Bruhn Tommy
Published: March 2024

Northern Norrland has a long history of domestic colonialism and internal migration. However, in the latter half of the twentieth century the region has seen a decline in population, job opportunities and welfare services. This study analyses how contemporary popular music from the region represents it and reflects feelings and thoughts on life there, and how identity, moods and sentiments are constructed and attached to place to uncover the rhetoric of place-making in popular music. The analysis shows a complex relationship between the local area and the surrounding country, featuring themes of ambivalence, resistance, dualistic nostalgia and transience responding to contemporary realities of the region. The lyrical themes and rhetorical actions performed in twenty-first century popular music evinces clear connections to literary depictions of the region throughout the last hundred years, indicating a reinterpretation of cultural memory in light of present conditions. These lyrics perform a rhetoric of re-membering which serves to reinforce the bond of people to place through music.
Gauging the Google gaze
Authors: Brantner Cornelia , Rodriguez-Amat Joan Ramon , Stewart Judith
Published: March 2024

This study explores the visual representation of Great Yarmouth, a British coastal town caught between the urban and the rural, as seen through the quasi-monopolistic image search engine Google Images. The research examines levels of pluralistic or biased place representations to consider how rankings employed by Google Images algorithms represent Great Yarmouth’s identity. The study adopts a visual culture perspective that recognises the role of images in place making and combines digital methods with an image type analysis to investigate how online representations reflect and create the town’s identities. The data shows that Google Images’ preference for representing Yarmouth as a sunny seaside town indicates that the search engine prioritises marketable assets above its connections with its hinterland, its diversity of people, and the cultural activities it has to offer. This, the authors state, is a place far away from Tuan’s (1979) idea of a place that is given meaning and identity from the perspective of people. Instead, Google Images’ representations of Great Yarmouth are an example of a created form of place making as commodification. The article concludes that the inscribed bias and unbalanced search priority criteria employed by the search engine impact upon the diversity of the semi-peripheral town.
RESGATE DA MEMÓRIA: CONSTRUINDO A TRAJETÓRIA HISTÓRICA DO BACHARELADO EM ARTES CÊNICAS DA FAP
Authors: Sauthier Helio Ricardo , Santos Zeloi Martins dos , Doria Lílian Maria Fleury
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho de iniciação cientifica tem como objetivo a reconstrução da trajetória histórica do Curso de Bacharelado em Artes Cênicas da Faculdade de Artes do Paraná. Para talserão abordadas as concepções teóricas da memória, da história oral como fonte de pesquisa esua importância na construção da identidade.
PALAVRAS-CHAVES: arte, história, teatro, memória, identidade.
A Dança sob o Olhar da Comunicação: Uma Análise do Espetáculo "Geraldas e Avencas" do Grupo "1º ato.
Authors: Alvarenga Ariella
Published: March 2024

A proposta deste artigo é construir uma abordagem comunicacional da dança, apartir do paradigma relacional da comunicação. Procura-se evidenciar os sujeitos, o contextoe as produções de sentido no espetáculo "Geraldas e Avencas" , do grupo mineiro "1º Ato" ,através da análise acerca da tematização do corpo a que ele se propõe.PALAVRAS- CHAVE: comunicação; dança; paradigma relacional; Geraldas e Avencas
A DANÇA-EM-CRIAÇÃO: REFLEXÕES PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Brasil Aline Silva
Published: March 2024

Assumimos um novo olhar sobre a Dança na escola refletindo sobreconcepções de mundo, de homem e de corpo que sustentam formas rí­gidas de ser e deestar no mundo. A escola agrega essas concepções visando à formação de um HomemIdeal. Pensar a Dança como processo capaz de intervir nesta realidade é o que situa esseestudo para além das técnicas formais de ensino, buscando o resgate desse Homem Realcapaz de dançar a si mesmo recriando o mundo.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mundo, Corpo, Movimento, Dança, Educação.
A DIMENSÃO CRÍTICA DO VESTIR
Authors: Oliveira Renata
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo expõe um estudo sobre a transformação do ato de vestir emgesto crí­tico. As obras de Flávio de Carvalho, Hélio Oiticica e Laura Lima exemplificam aproblematização. Em alguns momentos de suas trajetórias, usam o vestir para mediar í relação entre o sujeito e o mundo. Eles viabilizam e expandem um olhar crí­tico para asociedade e o indiví­duo inserido nela, através do corpo, da roupa, da cultura, da arquitetura eda coletividade, dentre outros temas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Indiví­duo; Gesto Crí­tico; Arte; Vestir;
OS POLOS DA REVOLUÇÃO RUSSA COMO ALICERCES DA CONTEMPORANEIDADE TEATRAL: A VANGUARDA NA ARTE E A VANGUARDA DA ARTE
Authors: Rangel Rodrigo
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo busca apresentar um breve recorte da cena teatral e da escolade formação de atores moscovita contemporânea, refletindo e tentando unificar possí­veisfundamentos históricos, muitas vezes colocados em campos opostos, entre os trabalhos dosreformuladores Constantin Stanislavski e Anton Tchecov por um lado, com os dosvanguardistas Vsevolod Meierhold e Vladimir Maiakovski de outro, e de que forma estesartistas contribuí­ram para influenciar uma parcela do panorama cênico do século XX.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Revolução Russa; Teatro; Stanislavski; Maiakóvski
Processos criativos didáticos no estágio de futuros professores de fí­sica
Authors: Testoni Leonardo André , Abib Maria Lucia Vital dos Santos , De Azevedo Maria Nizete
Published: March 2024

A criação é uma função psí­quica inerente ao desenvolvimento humano e fundamental, diante do atual cenário de complexidade vivido no mundo. Atos criativos constituem-se em um processo cognitivo cada vez mais solicitado ao magistério de todos os ní­veis. No decorrer da carreira, um professor passa pelo enfrentamento de situações inéditas e não previstas nos planejamentos e manuais didáticos, necessitando solucioná-las para a continuidade de seu trabalho. Diante desse quadro, o presente artigo busca analisar a dinâmica dos processos de criação de tais soluções por futuros professores de Fí­sica, quando de suas primeiras experiências didáticas em uma sala de aula. Para tanto, utilizamos pressupostos das psicologias piagetiana e vigotskiana especificamente para o estudo dos caminhos criativos propostos pelos docentes em formação. Numa abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa privilegia a análise de conteúdos de episódios construí­dos com dados extraí­dos de gravações de reuniões e documentos produzidos pelos futuros docentes durante a realização de seus estágios supervisionados. Resultados mostraram que diferentes caminhos criativos escolhidos pelos futuros professores resultam de instabilidades e conflitos imanentes às ações de planejamento e regência. Tais resultados reforçam o potencial da fundamentação teórica adotada na compreensão de processos criativos docentes com implicações para as ações de formação de professores.
Pesquisas no programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da UEPG: discutindo enfoques epistemológicos
Authors: Pereira Ana Lucia , Volkman Elizabete
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo procura analisar os enfoques epistemológicos expressos em quatorze teses defendidas entre os anos de 2014-2016 no Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa –PPGE. Realizou-se uma pesquisa metanalí­tica, que visa analisar criticamente o conhecimento acadêmico/cientí­fico produzido. A abordagem da pesquisa é qualitativa (BOGDAN; BIKLEN, 1994) e se caracteriza como bibliográfica e documental. A análise dos dados fez uso da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). O esquema Paradigmático de Gamboa (2007) e o Esquema Analí­tico de Mainardes (2013) serviram de base para compor o instrumento de coleta e análise das informações contidas nas Teses. Na análise das Teses foi possí­vel encontrar caracterí­sticas de seis enfoques epistemológicos: Materialismo Histórico Dialético; Estruturalismo; Teoria Crí­tica; Fenomenologia Hermenêutica; Teoria da Complexidade e o enfoque Pluralista.
Elementos de uma contra-história da ciência para uma educação cientí­fica crí­tica: imperialismo e colonialismo
Authors: Barbosa Roberto Gonçalves
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise crí­tica de discursos a respeito da origem histórica da denominada "˜ciência moderna' com base em estudos historiográficos e sociológicos que relacionam a ciência com o imperialismo e o colonialismo europeu. Adicionalmente são apresentados algumas contribuições cientí­ficas de povos excluí­dos pela literatura da Ciência nacional e internacional que contrapõem discursos históricos a respeito da fí­sica tradicionalmente estudados. Como resultado observa-se que relacionar a história da ciência com o imperialismo e o colonialismo europeu nos fornece elementos para se elaborar uma contra-história da Ciência que pode servir como um recurso poderoso para o desenvolvimento de uma educação cientí­fica crí­tica.
Reflexões sobre os diferentes momentos de formação de professores de Ciências: influências para a construção de identidades docentes
Authors: Oliveira André Luis
Published: March 2024

A construção de identidades docentes é um processo complexo e, por isso, se desenvolve ao longo de toda a vida do professor em diferentes contextos e condições que influenciaram e influenciam tanto a sua compreensão como a realização de seu trabalho. Assim, considerar a construção de identidades docentes de professores de Ciências supõe um olhar crí­tico sobre a seguinte questão: como se deu a formação inicial e continuada desses professores para trabalhar com esta disciplina? Optamos, então, por apresentar neste artigo, discursos de acadêmicos bolsistas (professores em formação inicial) e de professores da rede pública estadual de educação (em formação continuada) participantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) de uma Universidade Pública do Estado do Paraná sobre os diferentes momentos de sua formação e a influência destes para a construção de identidades docentes. Tendo em vista os diferentes discursos apresentados sobre o ensino de Ciências em diferentes momentos de formação dos colaboradores da pesquisa, acreditamos que o desenvolvimento de atitudes de reflexão sobre a própria formação, é fundamental para a construção de identidades docentes. A experiência desta pesquisa, sobretudo no decorrer das etapas de constituição e análise dos dados, foi um perí­odo muito fértil, pois partilhamos de possibilidades e conhecimentos vivenciados pelos colaboradores da pesquisa em três momentos importantes da construção de identidades profissionais docentes: formações escolares, profissionais e prática pedagógica.
Dobraduras e colagens no ensino de geometria para estudantes cegos do ensino fundamental no perí­odo de contra turno
Authors: Lima Neuza Rejane Wille , Pinto Tânia Maria Moratelli
Published: March 2024

A aceitação, a compreensão e a eficácia do ensino em tempo integral, envolvendo o contra turno têm sido amplamente discutidas por pesquisas e polí­ticas educacionais no Brasil. Na maioria das vezes o ensino realizado no contra turno representa um mero reforço da classe regular. Entretanto, atividades lúdicas envolvendo os conteúdos programáticos podem tornar o contra turno mais proveitoso. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar e avaliar a eficácia de seis oficinas envolvendo atividades lúdicas com utilização de materiais reaproveitáveis ou de baixo custo para construir objetos e abordar os elementos geométricos do triangulo retângulo, figuras plana e não plana e do cí­rculo, visando promover a construção de conhecimentos sobre conteúdos de matemática em 14 estudantes cegos do 6º. ao 9º. ano do ensino fundamental no perí­odo de contra turno. Os estudantes não tiveram dificuldade em seguir as instruções fornecidas pela professora e souberam cada um ao seu tempo, responder corretamente, na maioria das vezes, sobre os nomes que recebem os lados de um triângulo retângulo a partir da dobradura de uma sacola plástica, sobre as linhas paralelas e perpendiculares que formavam a sacolinha de papel e sobre os elementos geométricos dos cí­rculos utilizados para realizar a colagem de uma flor em um jardim. A partir dessas atividades lúdicas foi possí­vel vislumbrar as potencialidades dos estudantes em questão, considerando as suas necessidades e especificidades, pois, mesmo sem enxergar, eles conseguiram realizar as tarefas propostas e tiraram proveito dos conteúdos possí­veis de serem trabalhados. O estudo realizado envolveu o planejamento, a execução e a testagem da produção de materiais e práticas pedagógicas podem servir na aprendizagem de matemática por estudantes cegos, sendo mais um suporte para a prática da educação inclusiva que também podem ser aplicada tanto para estudantes de baixa visão como para estudantes videntes.
A sociedade do cansaço: Byung-Chul Han e o diagnóstico da condição do homem no século XXI
Authors: Costa Pâmela Bueno , Noyama Samon
Published: March 2024

Trata-se de uma resenha do livro Sociedade do cansaço, do filósofo sul coreano Byung-Chul Han, publicado originalmente na Alemanha em 2010, com tradução para o português e publicação no Brasil em 2015. O livro aborda, resumidamente, a condição do homem no século XXI considerando os fenômenos tecnológicos e a maneira como o aumento da manifestação das doenças neuronais pode estar associado à uma forma de viver a vida de maneira excessivamente positiva, excluindo a diferença e a alteridade.
Diário de leituras por universitário: vozes enunciativas e filiações de sentidos
Authors: Ataíde Sandra Patrícia , Barbosa Ã‚ngela Alves de Araújo , Gonçalves Fabíola Mônica da Silva , Pequeno Vanessa Cavalcante
Published: March 2024

O presente trabalho filia-se à perspectiva Sócio-interacionista e à Análise de Discurso Brasileira, tendo por objetivo geral analisar a interpretação textual de um professor-leitor em formação a partir da produção de diário de leituras e por objetivos especí­ficos (i) identificar as gestões de vozes mobilizadas pelo agente-leitor na produção do diário de leituras; (ii) explicitar as filiações nas redes de sentido (interdiscurso) inscritas no diário de leituras pelo sujeito-leitor. O desenvolvimento da leitura ocorre mediante a construção do diário de leituras, um gênero de texto (Machado, 2009), constituí­do na medida em que o agente-leitor lê um texto. Assume-se o próprio diário de leituras como instrumento investigativo. O procedimento metodológico está delineado em três momentos: (i) análise do contexto fí­sico e sociossubjetivo; (ii) análise da gestão de vozes; (iii) análise do interdiscurso – afiliação nas redes de significação, da polissemia e paráfrase. Os dois primeiros momentos baseiam-se na proposta de Bronckart (2003, 2006) e o segundo momento baseia-se na proposta de Orlandi (2005a, 2005b). As vozes enunciativas identificadas totalizaram em cinco vozes explí­citas e três implí­citas, promovendo o diálogo social na atividade de leitura e possibilitando a construção dos percursos interpretativos e o movimento de sentidos, na leitura textual, trilhados pela professora-leitora. A leitura encontra-se afiliada ao discurso de contextos acadêmicos e de formação de professores, estando a leitora em concordância com a proposta apresentada pelo autor do texto-base, Carl Rogers.
Palavras-chave: Linguagem, leitura, universidades.
Mendelian randomization of chronic hepatitis B and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Wu Dongjie , Xiong Feiyang , Ran Qingzhi , Liu Jing , Wu Qingjuan , Wang Liang , Lv Wenliang
Published: March 2024

Background

Evidence from observational studies suggests that chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, results have been inconsistent and causality remains to be established. We utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate potential causal associations between CHB and CVD, including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and ischemic stroke.

Methods

The analysis was conducted through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), considering chronic hepatitis B as the exposure and cardiovascular disease as the endpoint. The primary method for evaluating causality in this analysis was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) technique. Additionally, we employed the weighted median, MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and simple mode methods for supplementary analyses. Finally, heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analyses, and multiple effects analyses were conducted.

Results

In a random-effects IVW analysis, we found that genetic susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B was associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis [OR = 1.048, 95% CI (1.022–1.075), P = 3.08E-04], as well as an increased risk of coronary heart disease [OR = 1.039, 95% CI (1.006–1.072), P = 0.020]. However, it was found to be inversely correlated with ischemic stroke risk [OR = 0.972, 95% CI (0.957–0.988), P = 4.13E-04]. There was no evidence that chronic hepatitis B was associated with hypertension [OR = 1.021, 95% CI (0.994–1.049), P = 0.121].

Conclusion

Our research indicates that chronic hepatitis B has a correlation with an elevated risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, while it is associated with a decreased risk of experiencing an ischemic stroke.
Case Report: Combined perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute heart failure caused by mitral regurgitation
Authors: Daughtry Brock , Richardson John
Published: March 2024

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) devices are well-established adjunctive treatment measures for patients with heart failure. ECMO can serve as a bridge to transplant in a chronic setting or as a salvage therapy for patients who are unable to be weaned from bypass following cardiac surgery. However, the role of ECMO as a bridge to definitive therapy in a setting of acute heart failure is less established. Similarly, the treatment of patients using combined ECMO and ECLS devices has been, at times, shown to show some benefit; however, these benefits have not been widely studied. In this study, we present the case of a patient who was diagnosed with severe acute onset heart failure secondary to torrential mitral regurgitation following COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient was emergently placed on venoarterial (VA) ECMO with an indwelling centrifugal pump device in the left ventricle. This combination of ECMO and ECLS served as a bridge to open mitral valve replacement 6 days after presentation. Following successful mitral valve replacement, the patient had persistent right ventricular failure, and therefore, a decision was made to incorporate venovenous (VV) ECMO into the VA ECMO circuit. This technique resulted in a VV-VA or VPa-VA configuration, as oxygenated blood was being returned to the pulmonary artery as well as the descending aorta. VA ECMO was discontinued after 4 days of therapy, and the patient was extubated 3 days later. VV ECMO was weaned over the following week, and the patient was decannulated after a total 23 days of ECMO. The patient was then transitioned to inpatient rehabilitation and ultimately discharged home after 18 days. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient was doing well, and objective cardiopulmonary testing revealed normal function. This case is an excellent demonstration of how advanced ECMO and ECLS devices can be used in unique ways through multiple configurations to rescue and optimize patients in the perioperative period.
Preoperative C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and mortality of off-pump coronary artery bypass graft
Authors: Oh Ah Ran , Kwon Ji-Hye , Park Jungchan , Min Jeong-Jin , Lee Jong-Hwan , Yoo Seung Yeon , Lee Dong Jae , Kim Wooksung , Cho Hyun Sung , Kim Chung Su , Lee Sangmin Maria
Published: March 2024

Background

We sought to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP)-to-albumin ratio (CAR) for the prediction of mortality in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Methods

From January 2010 to August 2016, adult patients undergoing OPCAB were analyzed retrospectively. In a total of 2,082 patients, preoperative inflammatory markers including CAR, CRP, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal threshold and compare the predictive values of the markers. The patients were divided into two groups according to the cut-off value of CAR, and then the outcomes were compared. The primary end point was 1-year mortality.

Results

During the 1-year follow-up period, 25 patients (1.2%) died after OPCAB. The area under the curve of CAR for 1-year mortality was 0.767, which was significantly higher than other inflammatory markers. According to the calculated cut-off value of 1.326, the patients were divided into two groups: 1,580 (75.9%) patients were placed in the low CAR group vs. 502 (24.1%) patients in the high CAR group. After adjustment with inverse probability weighting, high CAR was significantly associated with increased risk of 1-year mortality after OPCAB (Hazard ratio, 5.01; 95% Confidence interval, 2.01–12.50; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

In this study, we demonstrated that preoperative CAR was associated with 1-year mortality following OPCAB. Compared to previous inflammatory markers, CAR may offer superior predictive power for mortality in patients undergoing OPCAB. For validation of our findings, further prospective studies are needed.
The occurrence of immune-related adverse events is an independent risk factor both for serum HBsAg increase and HBV reactivation in HBsAg-positive cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitor combinational therapy
Authors: Zeng Yingfu , Huang Jiwei , Pang Jiahui , Pan Shufang , Wu Yuankai , Jie Yusheng , Li Xinhua , Chong Yutian
Published: March 2024

Background

Previous studies have suggested the potential of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of chronic HBV infection. However, since phase III clinical trials have not yet been announced, additional clinical insights may be obtained by observing changes in serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV-DNA levels in cancer patients undergoing PD-1 inhibitor therapy.

Objective

To explore the effects of PD-1 inhibitor combinational therapy on serum HBsAg and HBV-DNA levels, investigate the incidence of HBsAg loss, HBV reactivation (HBVr), and immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and identify the risk factors associated with significant HBsAg fluctuations and HBVr.

Methods

A retrospective study including 1195 HBsAg-positive cancer patients who received PD-1 inhibitors between July 2019 and June 2023 was conducted, and 180 patients were enrolled in this study. Serum HBsAg levels before and after PD-1 inhibitor administration were compared across different subgroups. The Pearson χ2 or Fisher exact test was performed to investigate the relationships between categorical variables. Univariable and multivariable analysis were performed to identify the risk factors associated with significant HBsAg fluctuations and HBVr.

Results

With the concurrent use of antiviral agents, serum HBsAg levels decreased (Z=-3.966, P < 0.0001) in 129 patients and increased (t=-2.047, P=0.043) in 51 patients. Additionally, 7 patients (3.89%) achieved serum HBsAg loss. Virus replication was suppressed in most of the enrolled patients. When divided patients into different subgroups, significant HBsAg decreases after PD-1 inhibitor administration were discovered in lower baseline HBsAg group (Z=-2.277, P=0.023), HBeAg-seronegative group (Z=-2.200, P=0.028), non-irAEs occurrence group (Z=-2.007, P=0.045) and liver cancer group (Z=-1.987, P=0.047). Of note, 11 patients and 36 patients experienced HBVr (6.11%) and irAEs (20%), respectively, which could lead to discontinuation or delayed use of PD-1 inhibitors. After multivariable analysis, HBeAg-seropositive (OR, 7.236 [95% CI, 1.757-29.793], P=0.01) and the occurrence of irAEs (OR, 4.077 [95% CI, 1.252-13.273], P=0.02) were identified as the independent risk factors for significant HBsAg increase, the occurrence of irAEs (OR, 5.560 [95% CI, 1.252-13.273], P=0.01) was identified as the only independent risk factor for HBVr.

Conclusion

PD-1 inhibitors combined with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) may exert therapeutic potential for chronic HBV infection in cancer patients. However, attention also should be paid to the risk of significant elevation in HBsAg levels, HBVr, and irAEs associated with PD-1 inhibitor combinational therapy.
Comprehensive analysis of fibroblast activation protein expression across 23 tumor indications: insights for biomarker development in cancer immunotherapies
Authors: Dziadek Sebastian , Kraxner Anton , Cheng Wei-Yi , Ou Yang Tai-Hsien , Flores Mike , Theiss Noah , Tsao Tsu-Shuen , Andersson Emilia , Harring Suzana Vega , Bröske Ann-Marie E. , Ceppi Maurizio , Teichgräber Volker , Charo Jehad
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is predominantly upregulated in various tumor microenvironments and scarcely expressed in normal tissues.

Methods

We analyzed FAP across 1216 tissue samples covering 23 tumor types and 70 subtypes.

Results

Elevated FAP levels were notable in breast, pancreatic, esophageal, and lung cancers. Using immunohistochemistry and RNAseq, a correlation between FAP gene and protein expression was found. Evaluating FAP’s clinical significance, we assessed 29 cohorts from 12 clinical trials, including both mono and combination therapies with the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab and chemotherapy. A trend links higher FAP expression to poorer prognosis, particularly in RCC, across both treatment arms. However, four cohorts showed improved survival with high FAP, while in four others, FAP had no apparent survival impact.

Conclusions

Our results emphasize FAP’s multifaceted role in therapy response, suggesting its potential as a cancer immunotherapy biomarker.
Identification of miRNAs that target Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis during macrophage activation syndrome
Authors: Varsha Kontham Kulangara , Yang Xiaoming , Cannon Alkeiver S. , Zhong Yin , Nagarkatti Mitzi , Nagarkatti Prakash
Published: March 2024

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening complication of systemic juvenile arthritis, accompanied by cytokine storm and hemophagocytosis. In addition, COVID-19–related hyperinflammation shares clinical features of MAS. Mechanisms that activate macrophages in MAS remain unclear. Here, we identify the role of miRNA in increased phagocytosis and interleukin-12 (IL-12) production by macrophages in a murine model of MAS. MAS significantly increased F4/80+ macrophages and phagocytosis in the mouse liver. Gene expression profile revealed the induction of Fcγ receptor–mediated phagocytosis (FGRP) and IL-12 production in the liver. Phagocytosis pathways such as High-affinity IgE receptor is known as Fc epsilon RI -signaling and pattern recognition receptors involved in the recognition of bacteria and viruses and phagosome formation were also significantly upregulated. In MAS, miR-136-5p and miR-501-3p targeted and caused increased expression of Fcgr3, Fcgr4, and Fcgr1 genes in FGRP pathway and consequent increase in phagocytosis by macrophages, whereas miR-129-1-3p and miR-150-3p targeted and induced Il-12. Transcriptome analysis of patients with MAS revealed the upregulation of FGRP and FCGR gene expression. A target analysis of gene expression data from a patient with MAS discovered that miR-136-5p targets FCGR2A and FCGR3A/3B, the human orthologs of mouse Fcgr3 and Fcgr4, and miR-501-3p targets FCGR1A, the human ortholog of mouse Fcgr1. Together, we demonstrate the novel role of miRNAs during MAS pathogenesis, thereby suggesting miRNA mimic–based therapy to control the hyperactivation of macrophages in patients with MAS as well as use overexpression of FCGR genes as a marker for MAS classification.
Impact of glucocorticoids and rapamycin on autophagy in Candida glabrata-infected macrophages from BALB/c mice
Authors: Yang Zhenghui , Wang Xinyi , Dong Tianxiang , Zhao Wei-Jia , Li Hongbin
Published: March 2024

Objective

In the defense against microorganisms like Candida albicans, macrophages recruit LC3(Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3) to the periplasm, engaging in the elimination process through the formation of a single-membrane phagosome known as LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP). Building on this, we propose the hypothesis that glucocorticoids may hinder macrophage phagocytosis of Candida glabrata by suppressing LAP, and rapamycin could potentially reverse this inhibitory effect.

Methods

RAW264.7 cells were employed for investigating the immune response to Candida glabrata infection. Various reagents, including dexamethasone, rapamycin, and specific antibodies, were utilized in experimental setups. Assays, such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay), Western blot, and confocal microscopy, were conducted to assess phagocytosis, cytokine levels, protein expression, viability, and autophagy dynamics.

Results

Glucocorticoids significantly inhibited macrophage autophagy, impairing the cells’ ability to combat Candida glabrata. Conversely, rapamycin exhibited a dual role, initially inhibiting and subsequently promoting phagocytosis of Candida glabrata by macrophages. Glucocorticoids hinder macrophage autophagy in Candida glabrata infection by suppressing the MTOR pathway(mammalian target of rapamycin pathway), while the activation of MTOR pathway by Candida glabrata diminishes over time.

Conclusion

Our study elucidates the intricate interplay between glucocorticoids, rapamycin, and macrophage autophagy during Candida glabrata infection. Understanding the implications of these interactions not only sheds light on the host immune response dynamics but also unveils potential therapeutic avenues for managing fungal infections.
Environmental, behavioral, and design-related factors affect accuracy and precision of beluga abundance estimates from aerial surveys
Authors: Lesage Véronique , Wing Sara , Zuur Alain F. , Gosselin Jean-François , Tinker M. Tim , Mosnier Arnaud , St-Pierre Anne P. , Michaud Robert , Berteaux Dominique
Published: March 2024

Abundance estimation of wildlife populations is frequently derived from systematic survey data. Accuracy and precision of estimates, however, depend on the number of replicate surveys, and on adjustments made for animals unavailable to (availability bias), or available but undetected (perception bias) by observers. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the relative influence of methodological, environmental and behavioral factors on availability bias estimates from photographic and visual aerial surveys of a small cetacean with a highly clumped distribution, the beluga (Delphinapterus leucas). It also estimates the effect of the number of surveys on accuracy and precision of abundance estimates, using 28 replicate visual surveys flown within a 16—29 day window depending on survey year. Availability bias was estimated using detailed dive data from 27 beluga from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada, and applied to systematic visual and photographic aerial surveys of this population, flown using various survey platforms. Dive and surface interval durations varied among individuals, and averaged (weighted) 176.6 s (weighted s.e. = 12.6 s) and 51.6 s (weighted s.e. = 4.5 s), respectively. Dive time and instantaneous availability, but not surface time, were affected by local turbidity, seafloor depth, whale behavior (i.e., whether beluga were likely in transit or not), and latent processes that were habitat-specific. Overall, adjustments of availability for these effects remained minor compared to effects from survey design (photographic or visual) and type of platform, and observer search patterns. For instance, mean availability varied from 0.33—0.38 among photographic surveys depending on sightings distribution across the study area, but exceeded 0.40 for all visual surveys. Availability also varied considerably depending on whether observers searched within 0-90° (0.42—0.60) or 170° (0.70—0.80). Simulation-based power analysis indicates a large benefit associated with conducting more than 1 or 2 survey reps, but a declining benefit of conducting > 5—10 survey reps. An increase in sample size from 2, to 5, and 10 reps decreased the CV from 30, to 19 and 13%, respectively, and increased the probability of the abundance estimate being within 15% of true abundance from 0.42, to 0.59 and 0.69 in species like beluga.
A novel design of hard-magnetic soft switch array for planar and curved surface applications
Authors: Yang Po , Guo Yan , Xue Xiaomeng , Huang Bin
Published: March 2024

This paper proposes an array structure with multidirectional remanent magnetization based on hard-magnetic soft materials, which can be used as a soft switch array on planar and curved surfaces. We firstly investigate the displacement response of a hard-magnetic soft switch which is excited by a magnetic field, and related to the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field. When the remanent magnetization direction of the soft switch is opposite to the horizontal component of the magnetic field, the displacement response is greater than that of the driving magnetic field in other directions. The maximum displacement of the soft switch can reach 4.5 mm under a 6 V driving voltage applied to the Helmholtz coil. We further design 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 switch arrays and the circuit structures of the switch arrays. The switch arrays are fabricated, and the displacement responses of the switch arrays under different driving magnetic fields on planar and curved surfaces are finally demonstrated. When the Z-axis displacement of the device reaches more than 3 mm, the LED light can be switched on. The hard-magnetic soft switch array structure designed in this paper can enable the application of soft switches in curved environments, verifying the feasibility of the application of hard-magnetic soft switch arrays. It is expected to provide a guidance for the design and manufacturing of multi-functional hard-magnetic soft switches in the future and the application of hard-magnetic soft switch arrays in planar and curved environments.