bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural selection drives the evolution of mitogenomes in Acrossocheilus
Authors: Zhao Dan , Guo Yudong , Gao Yang
Published: October 2022

The mitochondrial genome plays a crucial role in the balance of energy and heat production in organisms and, thus, may be under natural selection due to its potential role in adaptive divergence and speciation. Here, we studied natural selection on the mitogenome of Acrossocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), a genus of fish that inhabits a broad latitudinal distribution ranging from the tropics and subtropics through temperate regions. Specifically, we used 25 published mitogenome sequences of Acrossocheilus species to investigate phylogenetic relationships in this genus and detected signals of positive selection on 13 protein-coding, mitochondrial genes. We found that relaxed purifying selection and genetic drift were the predominant evolutionary forces acting on the analyzed mitogenomes. However, we also found evidence of diversifying selection on some codons, indicating episodes of positive selection. Additionally, we analyzed the mitogenomic data within an environmental modeling framework and found that the Ka/Ks ratio of ATP6 may correlated with a mean diurnal temperature range (p = 0.0449), while the Ka/Ks ratio of COX2 may correlated with precipitation during the driest month (p = 0.00761). These results suggest that the mitogenomes of Acrossocheilus species may be involved in evolutionary adaptations to different habitats. Based on this, we believe that our study provides a new insight into the role of the mitochondrial genome of Acrossocheilus species in adaptation to different environments. During our study, we also discovered several cases of paraphyly and polyphyly among accessions of species and their putative synonyms. Thus, our study suggests that a careful reassessment of the taxonomy of Acrossocheilus is using high-quality molecular data merited.
Improving diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis by combination of cytomorphology and MPT64 immunostaining on cell blocks from the fine needle aspirates
Authors: Ulain Noor , Ali Asif , Khan Momin , Ullah Zakir , Shaheen Lubna , Shareef Naveed , Yasir Muhammad , Mustafa Tehmina
Published: October 2022

Background

Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) constitutes 18% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases and tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) constitutes 20–40% of EPTB. Diagnosis of TBL is challenging because of the paucibacillary nature of the disease.

Objective

To investigate the diagnostic potential of a new antigen detection test based on the detection of M. tuberculosis complex specific antigen MPT64 from fine needle aspirate (FNA) cytology smears and biopsies obtained from patients with clinically suspected TBL using immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Materials and methods

This study was conducted at Khyber Teaching Hospital and Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan, from January 2018 to April 2019. Samples, including FNA (n = 100) and biopsies (n = 8), were collected from 100 patients with presumptive TBL. Direct smears and cell blocks were prepared from the FNA samples. All samples were subjected to hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, and immunostaining with polyclonal anti-MPT64 antibody. The culture was performed only for biopsy specimens. All patients were followed until the completion of anti-TB treatment. The response to treatment was included in the composite reference standard (CRS) and used as the gold standard to validate the diagnostic tests.

Results

The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for ZN staining were 4.4%,100%,100%,56%, for culture were 66%,100%,100%,50%, for cytomorphology were 100%,90.91%,90%,100%, and for immunostaining with anti-MPT64 were all 100%,respectively. The morphology and performance of immunohistochemistry were better with cell blocks than with smears.

Conclusion

MPT64 antigen detection test performed better than ZN and cytomorphology in diagnosing TBL. This test applied to cell blocks from FNA is robust, simple, and relatively rapid, and improves the diagnosis of TBL.
Inequalities in maternal healthcare use in Sierra Leone: Evidence from the 2008–2019 Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Tsawe Mluleki , Susuman A Sathiya
Published: October 2022

Background

Sierra Leone is one of the countries with poor health outcomes. The country has made some progress in the uptake of maternal health services. Despite improvements in the national coverage rates, there is no evidence of how equal these improvements have been.

Objective

To estimate inequalities in maternal healthcare use in Sierra Leone.

Methods

Using cross-sectional study data from 2008, 2013, and 2019 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), we study inequalities in maternal health services by computing rate ratios, and concentration indices (as well as concentration curves) using selected inequality stratifiers such as household wealth index, maternal education, and rural/urban place of residence.

Results

We found that considerable progress has been made in increasing the uptake of maternal health services as well as reducing inequalities over time. We also found that inequalities in the selected health indicators favoured women from wealthy households, educated women, as well as women from urban areas. Although inequalities declined over time, the use of delivery services was highly unequal. However, of the selected health interventions, the use of four or more antenatal visits was almost at perfect equality in 2013 and 2019.

Conclusion

Although efforts have been made to increase the use of maternal healthcare services among women with a lower socioeconomic status, the use of maternal health services remains favourable to women with a higher socioeconomic standing. Therefore, policy initiatives need to prioritise women of lower socioeconomic status through projects aimed at increasing women’s educational levels as well as focusing on poverty reduction.
Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Alemayehu Henok Biruk , Tegegn Melkamu Temeselew , Tilahun Mikias Mered
Published: October 2022

Background

The increased prevalence of visual impairment among diabetic patients has become a major public health problem. However, there was limited information on the extent of visual impairment among diabetic patients in our country, and there was no study in the study area. Providing updated data regarding this area is critical for the prevention of visual impairment among diabetic patients.

Purpose

The study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adult diabetic patients from May 30 to July 15, 2022, at Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling method was used to select 398 study participants. Data was collected through a face-to-face interview, a medical chart review, and an ocular examination. A binary logistic regression was performed to identify potential risk factors for visual impairment and their strength of association was expressed using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Variables with a P-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Result

In this study, a total of 391 participants were involved, with a response rate of 98.2%. The prevalence of visual impairment was 28.6% (95% CI: 24.6–33.0). Age ≥ 60 years (AOR = 4.03, 95% CI: 1.72, 10.71), poor physical exercise (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.62, 6.53), poor glycemic control (AOR = 4.34, 95% CI: 2.26, 8.34), history of eye examination (AOR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.50, 5.76), duration of diabetes ≥ 9 years (AOR = 4.78, 95% CI: 2.11, 10.83) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (AOR = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.21, 7.50) were positively associated with visual impairment.

Conclusion

The study found a high prevalence of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients. Older age, longer duration of diabetes, poor physical exercise, poor glycemic control, history of eye examination, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were significantly associated with visual impairment. Thus, regular physical activity, good control of glucose levels, and regular eye exams were recommended for all diabetic patients.
Teoria e desenvolvimento curricular: Caderno Prático
Authors: Damião Maria Helena
Published: October 2022

O Caderno destina-se a apoiar a formação de estudantes de Educação e de Ensino na área do currículo escolar. Em concreto, inclui a sua conceptualização, grandes questões teóricas que lhe são inerentes, bem como seu processo de desenvolvimento. Sendo o núcleo da formação o sistema de ensino português contemporâneo, são necessariamente considerados contextos temporais e espaciais mais alargados.
Associations of Fecal Short Chain Fatty Acids With Colonic Transit, Fecal Bile Acid, and Food Intake in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Waseem Mohammed Rayyan , Shin Andrea , Siwiec Robert , James-Stevenson Toyia , Bohm Matthew , Rogers Nicholas , Wo John , Waseem Lina , Gupta Anita , Jarrett Megan , Kadariya Jhalka , Xu Huiping
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) correlate with colonic transit time (CTT) and may influence irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology. However, the clinical significance of fecal SCFAs, relationships between SCFAs and other metabolites (bile acids [BAs]), and real-time diet effects on SCFAs in IBS are uncertain. The aim was to evaluate fecal SCFA associations with IBS phenotype and mechanisms and explore effects of real-time diet.

METHODS:

We conducted a prospective observational study of fecal SCFA, BAs, and CTT in healthy controls (HCs) and participants with IBS. We compared study end points across groups, analyzed relationships between end points, and evaluated the discriminative ability of SCFAs. Diet effects were explored in participants with dietary data.

RESULTS:

Among 21 HCs and 43 participants with IBS, fecal SCFAs (total, individual) were inversely correlated with overall (all P < 0.01) and segmental (all P < 0.05) CTT; similar associations were observed within HC and IBS groups. The acetate-to-butyrate ratio correlated with slower overall and left CTT in all and in HCs (both P < 0.01). SCFAs (total, acetate) correlated with BAs (total, % primary) in all participants and in those with IBS with diarrhea. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated associations of acetate with slower transit (odds ratio = 0.988, P = 0.002) and BA diarrhea (BAD; odds ratio = 1.014, P = 0.001). Acetate accurately predicted delayed CTT (area under the receiving operating characteristic curve = 0.84) and BAD (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.79). Adjusting for diet strengthened correlations of total SCFAs with overall CTT (R = [−0.46], P = 0.04) and SCFAs with transverse CTT (all P < 0.05).

DISCUSSION:

Fecal SCFAs correlate with CTT and fecal BAs and reliably exclude delayed CTT and BAD. Accounting for diet strengthens SCFA associations with transit.
Readiness for Autonomy, Motivation, and Language Learning Opportunity in Project-based L2 Writing
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Park Eun
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to examine how learners' perceptions on readiness for autonomy can bedifferent prior to and after L2 writing with project-based learning (PBL). In addition, it consideredlearners’ beliefs of motivation and language learning opportunity after project-based L2 writing.
Methods: Thirty L2 learners at the beginner level were asked to complete two questionnaires: 1)Readiness for Learner Autonomy Questionnaire (RLAQ) to compare learner perception change in fivefactors. These were Role of teacher (RT), Role of feedback (RF), Learner independence (LI), Learnerconfidence in study ability (LCS), Experience for language learning (ELL); and 2) a debriefing questionnaireto check learner beliefs of motivation and language learning opportunity.
Results: The results showed that overall, learners’ readiness for autonomy was significantly changedin the four factors: RT, LI, LCS, and ELL except for RF. Learner beliefs of LI, LCS and ELL weresignificantly higher in the post RLAQ, while those of RT remarkably decreased and there was nosignificant change on RF, rather with a little higher mean score in the post RLAQ. Additionally,learners showed considerably high mean scores of motivation and language learning opportunity afterthe PBL project.
Conclusion: Project-based L2 writing could be helpful for learners to be prepared for more autonomouslearning with increased independence, confidence, and to be motivated and learn language more, whilelearners were more likely to receive feedback after PBL. The result appeared to be attributed to PBLthat promotes cooperative guidance or feedback by teacher or peers with which learners who havelimited language knowledge could check and manage the process in a desired and appropriate wayfor their own project. This can add another aspect of the benefits from PBL in L2 writing classroomcontexts. (Dankook University)
Unit design plan for the integration of population education and moral education: Focusing on Drake’s KDB Model
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Park Jong-Ik , Cha Woo-Kyu
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the unit design plan for the integration of populationeducation and elementary school moral education.
Methods: Drake's integrated curriculum model application was analyzed through an analysis of previous studies on the integrated unit design method that utilized Drake's KDB model. In particular,since this study is not an interdisciplinary study, it was reorganized as a task in which the subject and subject were selected first, and this was different from the existing order of the composition of the integrated unit. In this way, the core content elements and values of population education were presented as a result of the unit design plan and integrated with elementary school moral education.
Results: In order to design an integrated unit that focused on population education and elementary school moral education the achievement standards and content elements of the moral education department and the content elements of population education were integrated and reorganized through application of the KDB model, and the results were presented as a guide plan for a total of six lessons.
Conclusion: This study sought to find a more effective approach to population and moral education in the era of low fertility and aging by suggesting a design plan for an integrated unit of elementary school moral education and population education.
A study on pre-service teachers’ experiences in creative experience activities programs development
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Park Il-Soo
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the pre-service teachers' experiences while developing creative experience activities programs and to suggest teaching and learning for pre-service teachers' creative activities experience program development competency.
Methods: Qualitative data were collected from twenty creative experience activities programs results developed by 4th year pre-service teachers who took ‘Understanding of Creative Experience Activities Curriculum’ at “A” University and 63 pre-service teachers' reflective journals. For the analysis and summary of qualitative data, the key words were derived through open coding and classification processes.
Results: The results of this study were follows. Pre-service teachers' experiences in developing creative experience activities programs included 1 in-depth understanding of the intrinsic and essential values of creative experience activities, 2 acquisition of practical knowledge for the development of creative experience activities programs, 3 experience of the value and importance of collective intelligence,4 teacher's agency experience as an agent of curriculum development, 5 change of perception regarding student evaluation of creative experience activities, 6 intrinsic motivation, achievement and growth for the development of creative experience activities programs, 7 competence as a creative experience activities programs designer, 8 teacher as researcher, and establishment of a teacher with expertise, 9 and consideration and reflection of program design and instruction.
Conclusion: In order to improve the competency of pre-service teachers for creative experience activities programs development, it was necessary to apply project-based learning that could assist in the pre-service teacher's agency for creative experience activities program development.
The Relationship among Self-efficacy for Group Work, Flow, Perceived Usefulness, and Acceptance of Software Education in Learning for Pre-service Early Childhood Teachers
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Kim Jeonghyun
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among self-efficacy for group work, perceived usefulness, flow, and acceptance of software education in a team-based software class for pre-service early childhood teachers.
Methods: For this purpose, path analysis was conducted by collecting data from 116 pre-service early childhood teachers of the software courses opened in the second semester of 2020 and 2021. The proposed path model posited that self-efficacy for group work influenced flow, flow influenced perceived usefulness and acceptance of software education, and perceived usefulness influenced acceptance of software education.
Results: As a result of the study, self-efficacy for group work influenced flow, and both flow and perceived usefulness influenced acceptance of software education, significantly and positively. Finally,flow indirectly influenced acceptance of software education.
Conclusion: The implications of enhancing software education for pre-service early childhood teachers were discussed based on the findings.
The relationship between data utilization pattern and text quality in writing through the use of data generated by elementary school students
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Park Hye Rim
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the source text used in text written by student authors and to check how it related to the quality of the text. Implications for writing education using data were also explored.
Methods: An essay writing task using data was presented to 88 5th grade elementary school students and the results were evaluated. In addition, a T-unit analysis was performed with the data and texts produced by the students. Quantitative figures such as the number of quoted sentences, modified sentences, and adjacent sentences were calculated, and the correlation between the figures and text quality was analyzed.
Results: The text quality was negatively correlated with the citation rate and positively correlated with the strain rate. The citation rate was correlated with organization among the sub-elements of the text query, and the transformation rate was correlated with the content and expression among the sub-elements of the text query. The citation rate showed a negative correlation with the total number of sentences, strain rate, and positive correlation with the number of adjacent sentences and number of texts.
Conclusion: In a writing class, when material text is provided for the purpose of helping students to create content, it is necessary to instruct the students that the content of the material should be partially utilized. In addition, it is necessary to give specific examples of transforming and utilizing the contents of the data. Moreover, it is necessary to gradually transition from the stage of using a single text to the stage of using multiple texts.
Philosophical Approach to the Purpose of Elementary Moral Subject Education Methodology: focusing on elementary moral subject education and teachers
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Kwak Young-Kuen
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find meaning through a philosophical approach for elementary moral subject education methodology being developed by the elementary school teacher training university.
Methods: To this end, the teachers’role in elementary moral subjects and elementary moral subject education as subject education were explored philosophically. In addition, the role of professors and students in the elementary moral education methodology derived from the feature of elementary moral subject education and teachers was examined.
Results: As a result, each item has a dual feature. It was confirmed that a clear understanding of this is required by all members.
Conclusion: Based on this understanding, the research first, explored the dual feature of elementary moral subjects and teachers, secondly, it confirmed the role of professors and students in elementary moral education methodology, and thirdly, there was emphasis placed on the meaning of a new dimension beyond the general level of each item and participant.
A study regarding the effect of a belief in school meritocracy in a system justification belief and teacher social justice advocacy: focusing on elementary school teachers born in the 1990s
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Seo Hanbyul , Son JoonJong
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to ascertain how the belief in school meritocracy (BSM) of teachers relates to their system justification belief (SJB), and how it affects teacher social justice advocacy, focusing on elementary school teachers born in the 1990s.
Methods: This study surveyed 406 elementary school teachers working in ten cities nationwide. Multiple regression was utilized to analyze which factors affect BSM and SJB. Multiple mediation analysis was then conducted to confirm the mediating effect of SJB between BSM and teacher social justice advocacy.
Results: The results of the analyses would appear to indicate that the higher the degree of the BSM of a teacher is, the higher the degree of the SJB is. On the other hand, the BSM of the teachers born in the 90s was formed regardless of their personal characteristics, while the BSM of the teachers of other ages was mainly influenced by political orientation. Lastly, the BSM of the teachers of other ages had an indirect effect of reducing teachers' social justice advocacy (TSJA) mediated by economic system justification. In contrast, the BSM of teachers born in the 90s directly promoted teacher social justice advocacy, and there was no indirect effect through the SJB.
Conclusion: The findings show that the BSM, which is believed to serve as a principle of education fairness, is associated with system justification that rationalizes status quo. On the other hand, the finding that the BSM of the teachers born in 90s increased the TSJA implies that the BSM does not always lead to the result of legitimizing an unfair social structure even though the BSM connects to a system justification motive. Therefore, It is argued that, by discerning what meritocratic assumption teachers are supporting as their educational belief, their BSM could work as norms not for inegalitarian structure, but for advocating just education.
Le dialogisme dans les discours en ligne
Authors: Oulebsir-Oukil Kamila
Published: October 2022

Le but de cet article est de montrer le fonctionnement du dialogisme dans les discours natifs du web (DNW) (PAVEAU, 2014). Nous nous intéressons à la manifestation du dialogisme dans les posts et commentaires produits sur le réseau social numérique (RSN) Facebook. Il s’agit de voir en quoi ces discours natifs sont dialogiques et quelle est leur particularité. Cette étude se base sur l’apport de l’analyse du discours numérique (ADN) (PAVEAU, 2017), plus précisément sur une approche écologique, et propose de montrer le fonctionnement de la dimension dialogique dans les discours sur Facebook. Notre terrain d’observation est l’univers discursif numérique (web 2.0) duquel nous extrayons des exemples de discours natifs numériques, c'est-à-dire produits dans un environnement connecté. Pour ce faire, on mobilisera les notions de relationalité et de mémoire technodiscursive pour rendre compte de l’inscription du dialogisme dans ces données en lignes.
Middle School Students’ Views about STEM Activities Used in Teaching Ratio and Proportion
Authors: PİŞKİN TUNÇ Mutlu , GÜNDOĞDU Nida Sultan
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to investigate middle school students’ views about STEM activities used in teaching ratio and proportion concepts in a mathematics classroom. The research was designed as a case study. Participants were eight middle school students who were selected among 20 students based on different proportional reasoning skills. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. In the mathematics classroom where the participants of the study were selected, the subject of ratio and proportion was taught to the students with the help of STEM activities. Students had the chance to experience how the mathematics lesson was taught with STEM activities. After all the STEM activities were completed, semi-structured interviews were held with each participant. According to the findings, the students focused on the positive aspects of STEM activities. Students mentioned that STEM activities were enjoyable, interesting, and collaborative. Moreover, students stated that the activities provided active participation, permanent learning, creative thinking, and developing hand skills. Additionally, students argued that STEM activities were interdisciplinary, technology related, and related to everyday life.
Understanding Teacher Professional Identity: Voices from Pre-Service English Language Teachers
Authors: TAŞDEMİR Hanife , SEFEROĞLU Gölge
Published: October 2022

The present qualitative case study aimed to explore Turkish pre-service English language teachers’ perspectives on the elements of teacher professional identity and their understandings of their own professional identity development during practice teaching. An in-depth analysis of interviews and journal entries showed that it was a continuous process for pre-service teachers to consolidate language-related, personal, and pedagogical elements of their teacher professional identities. The findings revealed that pre-service teachers’ identities are grounded on language proficiency, disciplinary and context-relative skills, and awareness about themselves and students. For pre-service teachers, being an English language teacher meant encompassing language-focused, teacher-focused, and learner-focused skills and characteristics. It was further found that there was a transition from individual to institutional perspectives for pre-service teachers in understanding their professional identity development. Their initial comments on their own teacher identities mostly elaborated on their characteristics and role models whereas their final remarks were on the teacher authority and responsibilities. This study suggests that understanding pre-service teacher identities would guide necessary actions in initial teacher education.
Factors Affecting the Quality of a Remote Teaching Practicum from the Perspective of Preservice Preschool Teachers
Authors: ALAN Ümran , SİNOĞLU GÜNDEN Tuğçe
Published: October 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic uncertainties about how to implement and evaluate teaching practicums have been faced by the teacher training institutions. Due to some constraints imposed by the pandemic, teaching practicum courses, transitioned to an online format in the 2020-2021 academic year in Turkey, similarly to many other countries. Within the scope of this research, it is aimed to identify the factors affecting the nature of the education process based on the experiences of preschool preservice teachers in a remote teaching practicum. The participants of this study comprised 11 preservice teachers who were enrolled in preschool teacher training program of a public university, and completed the theoretical and applied parts of the “Teaching Practicum I” and “Teaching Practicum II” courses via distance education in the 2020-2021 academic year due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the relevant training practices in the scope of these courses. Basic qualitative research methodology guided this study. Data were collected via a structured interview protocol and analyzed using an inductive approach. As a result of interviews with the participating preservice teachers, it was determined that many factors affected the quality of this teaching practicum process carried out via distance education. Among these factors, “guidance of the mentor teacher and university supervisor,” “interactions with mentor teacher and university supervisor,” “paired peer placement,” “being a trainee teacher in the same class for two semesters,” and “access to course/learning materials” were factors that positively affected the quality of the process and were experienced as “facilitating” factors by the preservice teachers. On the other hand, “lack of technological resources,” “limitations in relationships with children and assessment,” “online classroom management,” and “family intervention” were factors that negatively affected the quality of the process and were experienced as “hindering” factors by the preservice teachers.
Struktur Ruang Wilayah Gerbangkertosusila Berdasarkan Teori Pusat-Pinggiran: Sebuah Kajian
Authors: Putra R Dimas Widya , Salim Wilmar
Published: October 2022

Perkembangan suatu kota tidak dapat dipisahkan dari area sekitarnya, sehingga dalam sistem perkotaan, suatu kota akan memiliki efek saling ketergantungan dengan kota-kota terdekat di sekitarnya. Salah satu bentuk keterkaitan antar wilayah terjadi pada Kawasan Gerbangkertosusila, yang terbentuk dari gabungan kota dan kabupaten. Fenomena pusat-pinggiran ini dapat terjadi dalam bentuk keterkaitan antar sektor yang dihubungkan dengan jaringan jalan, industri, pekerjaan, dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji teori pusat-pinggiran dengan studi di Kawasan Gerbangkertosusila (GKS) dengan mengevaluasinya berdasarkan center-periphery model (CPM) dari John Friedmann. Hasil studi kepustakaan dilanjutkan dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan menerjemahkan teori dengan data yang diperoleh dari penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan saat ini dari 4 fase model CPM Friedmann, kawasan GKS berada pada fase 3 dimana pertumbuhan ekonomi menyebar ke seluruh wilayah dan menyebabkan munculnya pusat-pusat pertumbuhan lainnya. Pada wilayah GKS struktur kotanya mengalami perluasan, selain karena penduduk bermukim di pinggiran akibat urban sprawl, berkembang pusat- pusat industri baru di sekitar kota inti Surabaya yang terletak di perbatasan Surabaya-Gresik dan Surabaya-Sidoarjo.
Model Desain Lanskap Agroforestri Sempadan Sungai Condet di DAS Ciliwung Tengah Jakarta
Authors: Fitri Rini , Yuslim Silia , Seanders Olivia , Fauzi Reza
Published: October 2022

Perubahan penggunaan lahan menjadi ancaman diperkotaan, semakin berkurangnya lahan, yang dikonversi untuk kepentingan sektor pembangunan berdampak terhadap keberlanjutan ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 3 bulan, dimulai Juni sampai Agustus 2020. Tujuan penelitian mendesain model lanskap agroforestri untuk ketahanan pangan dan perbaikan ekologi lingkungan pada sempadan Sungai Condet di DAS Ciliwung Tengah Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei langsung ke lapangan untuk mengupulkan data primer maupun data sekunder. Data primer dan data sekunder dianalisis secara deskriptif sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam membuat model desain lanskap agroforestri sempadan sungai yang tepat untuk diterapkan di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model desain akan membagi area sempadan menjadi tiga zona sesuai dengan karakter sungai. Setiap zona akan didesain sesuai dengan kebutuhan lingkungan dan masyarakat setempat, serta sesuai kriteria dari sebuah agroforesti. Melalui model desain ini diharapkan selain ketahanan pangan dapat tercapai dan kualitas lingkungan dapat ditingkatkan.
Kajian Revitalisasi Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang Periode Tahun 2019: Persepsi Wisatawan dan Ahli Terhadap Daya Tarik Wisata
Authors: Putri Savira Nur Afifah Kusuma , Sugiri Agung
Published: October 2022

Revitalisasi yaitu proses memvitalkan kembali kawasan dengan mengadaptasi sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat saat ini. Revitalisasi penting dilakukan untuk kawasan mati dan peninggalan budaya, seperti Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang (KKLS). Seiring berkembangnya zaman, kawasan ini menjadi terbengkalai dan muncul berbagai permasalahan. Oleh karena itu diadakan revitalisasi hingga tahun 2019 terlihat mendatangkan banyak wisatawan dan masuk dalam 3 besar destinasi wisata Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Kondisi tersebut seharusnya dapat membuktikan bahwa adanya revitalisasi 2019 dapat meningkatkan daya tarik kawasan tersebut sebagai objek pariwisata. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui persepsi ahli dan wisatawan memandang revitalisasi KKLS tahun 2019 terhadap daya tarik wisata kawasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis distribusi frekuensi, skala likert, force field, dan deskripsi statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa revitalisasi tahun 2019 meningkatkan daya tarik KKLS sebagai objek pariwisata baru menurut persepsi ahli dan wisatawan. Hal tersebut didukung dengan adanya beberapa atraksi wisata, fasilitas wisata, aksesibilitas wisata, serta pelaku kegiatan wisata. Revitalisasi diharapkan dapat terus dilanjutkan dengan memperhatikan beberapa hal.
Analisis Perwilayahan Usaha Ternak Domba di Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Surachman Muhammad Asep , Mulatsih Sri , Rindayati Wiwiek
Published: October 2022

Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan wilayah dengan populasi domba terbesar di Indonesia. Analisis perwilayahan ternak domba di Jawa Barat diperlukan untuk memunculkan keunggulan komparatif wilayah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis wilayah basis dan karakteristik penyebaran usaha ternak domba di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis location quotient (LQ), localization index (LI), dan specialization index (SI). Data yang digunakan adalah data statistik peternakan yang diterbitkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan. Hasil dari penelitan ini menyatakan bahwa wilayah basis usaha ternak domba di Provinsi Jawa Barat yaitu di Kabupaten Purwakarta, Kabupaten Garut, Kabupaten Majalengka, dan Kabupaten Cirebon. Usaha ternak domba di Provinsi Jawa Barat tidak terpusat pada satu wilayah kabupaten, dan tidak ada wilayah kabupaten yang mengkhususkan pada usaha ternak domba. Makalah ini juga menyajikan peta wilayah basis dan penjelasan karakteristik peternak domba di Jawa Barat.
„Rasse“ und Naturteleologie bei Kant
Authors: Mateo Marina Martinez , Stubenrauch Heiko
Published: October 2022

Immanuel Kant is, famously, not only the major philosopher of European enlightenment, but also one of the first philosophers to develop a philosophical theory of “human races”. How do these two sides of Kant relate to each other? What is the significance of race in Kant’s philosophy? In this article, we aim to discuss these questions by taking (1st) a close look into the conceptual and philosophical presuppositions underlying Kant’s understanding of race; relating them (2nd) to the concept of teleology as developed by Kant in theCritique of Judgementand to the idea of natural history that can be derived from there. In the last two chapters (3rdand 4th), we intertwine both perspectives in such a way that, on the one hand, we can determine the philosophical significance of race for Kant, and, on the other hand, show how a race-sensible perspective gives new and critical insight into Kant’s concept of reason.
Rassismus in der Klassischen Deutschen Philosophie?
Authors: Hahmann Andree
Published: October 2022

In Germany the voices calling for a critical discussion of racist ideas in the works of the so-called classics of philosophy are growing louder. So far, the focus has been primarily on Kant and Hegel, in whose works racist statements are easily detected. However, the role of these racist ideas in their respective systems remains unclear, and especially in the case of Kant, the question also arises whether Kant is the author of the statements at all. Moreover, the accusation itself is quite ambiguous both in terms of its premises and its subject matter. This paper aims to help clarify this debate. It is primarily concerned with Kant’s philosophy, which is, however, situated in the context of some of the central assumptions of the Enlightenment. It will be shown that racist claims result from crucial elements of Kant’s mature philosophical system.
Gentrificering og mytomani
Authors: Andersen Christian Steentofte
Published: October 2022

Inspired by contemporary urban sociology and spatial theory this article explores how Jan Sonnergaard in his novelFrysende våde vejbaner(2015) depicts and criticizes the gentrification of Copenhagen. I argue that Sonnergaard, through the main protagonist Jesper, demonstrates a double perception of the gentrified city, respectively an ‘excluded’ and an ‘included’ variant. Through this technique Sonnergaard firstly explores how the city has become a ‘non-place’ for those who do not have the capacities to participate in the new urban middleclass-culture and secondly what kind of social mechanisms that are at play within the same urban middleclass. The article concludes with a discussion of how the main character Jesper may also be ignorant of his own role as gentrifier due to his self-image as an urban bohemian, his idolizing of countercultural music and fiction, and his ownership of a flat in a housing cooperative.
Informalisierung, Deinstitutionalisierung, Politisierung
Authors: Krimmer Holger , Schubert Peter , Tahmaz Birthe
Published: October 2022

Die Entwicklung der deutschen Zivilgesellschaft in den letzten zwei bis drei Dekaden verbindet sehr unterschiedliche, auch scheinbar widersprüchliche Prozesse. Entwicklungen der Politisierung und Entpolitisierung überlagern sich genauso wie Entwicklungen des Wachstums des gemeinnützigen Sektors bei gleichzeitiger Schwächung der institutionellen Grundlagen durch eine tendenzielle Informalisierung von zivilgesellschaftlichem Engagement. Aufgrund dieser Überlagerung analysiert der Beitrag zivilgesellschaftlichen Wandel als Strukturwandel und bedient sich dazu quantitativer Längsschnittdaten von ZiviZ-Survey und Freiwilligensurvey. Neue Anforderungen und Fragen an Engagementpolitik und -forschung werden abschließend abgeleitet.
The relationship between color and mechanical properties of heat-treated wood predicted based on support vector machines model
Authors: Chen Shuang , Wang Jiapeng , Liu Yanxu , Chen Zhangjing , Lei Yafang , Yan Li
Published: October 2022

Thermal modification or heat treatment can cause the loss of mechanical property of wood. In this study, Poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) and spruce (Picea obies Mast.) were heat treated at 180, 200, and 220 °C for 2–10 h. Changes of color (L*, a* and b*) and mechanical strength including modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and shear strength after heat treatment were analyzed. Time-temperature superposition methods were used to quantify color and mechanical strength. The prediction models of MOR, MOE and shear strength were assessed with support vector regression model (SVR) based on color parameters. The trends of color change and mechanical strength after heat treatment were highly consistent. The values of apparent activation energy (E

a
) calculated from color parameters (110.6–187.2 kJ/mol) were identical to those from mechanical strengths (103.2–219.2 kJ/mol). Color parameters were used as input variables, and the MOE, MOR, and shear strength were output parameters in the established SVR model. Gaussian radial basis function (RBF) was found to be a kernel function for SRV model. Optimal hyperparameters in SVR model were obtained using cross-validation and grid search. The determination coefficients for MOE, MOR, and shear strength were 0.903, 0.835, and 0.865, respectively for poplar. The high correlation suggested that wood mechanical strength can be predicted non-destructively through measuring color parameters after heat treatment.
Bifurcation analysis of a new stochastic traffic flow model
Authors: Ai WenHuan , Tian RuiHong , Liu DaWei , Duan WenShan
Published: October 2022

The stochastic function describing the stochastic behavior of traffic flow in the process of acceleration or deceleration can better capture the stochastic characteristics of traffic flow. Based on this, we introduce the stochastic function into a high-order viscous continuous traffic flow model and propose a stochastic traffic flow model. Furthermore, we performed the bifurcation analysis of traffic flow system based on the model. Accordingly, the traffic flow problem is transformed into the stability analysis problem of the system, highlighting the unstable traffic characteristics such as congestion. The model can be used to study the nonlinear dynamic behavior of traffic flow. Based on this model, the existence of Hopf bifurcation and the saddle-node bifurcation is theoretically proved. And the type of the Hopf bifurcation is theoretically derived. The model can also be used to study the mutation behavior of system stability at bifurcation point. From the density space-time diagram of the system, we find that the system undergoes a stability mutation when it passes through the bifurcation point, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis results.
The Monetary Union of Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom – Its Operation, Fragmentation and Break-up
Authors: Decker Frank
Published: October 2022

This article examines the monetary arrangements between Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom from the 1820s to the 1930s. It is argued that the three countries formed a monetary union for most of this period. A new analysis of inland and London exchange rates demonstrates that the union achieved a high degree of uniformity and stability, and that an international branch network of competing, private banks could successfully integrate vastly different geographic and economic areas. It is shown that the union’s break-up in the 1930s was the result of a political decision to create separate and devalued Australian and New Zealand currencies in order to mitigate some of the impacts of the Great Depression. International lending of last resort only played a limited role and helped to fix exchanges between the newly separated currencies after 1932.
O.M.W. Sprague (the Man Who “Wrote the Book” on Financial Crises) meets the Great Depression
Authors: Rockoff Hugh
Published: October 2022

When the Great Depression struck the United States, O.M.W. Sprague was America’s foremost expert on financial crises. His History of Crises under the National Banking System is a frequently cited classic. Had he diagnosed a banking panic and called for an aggressive response by the Federal Reserve, it might have made a difference; but he did neither. Sprague’s misdiagnosis had, I argue, two causes. First, the crisis lacked the symptoms of a panic, such as high interest rates in the New York money market, which Sprague had identified from his studies of previous crises. Second, Sprague’s macro-economic ideas led him to conclude that increasing the stock of money would be of little help once a depression was underway. Sprague’s main concern was that abandoning the gold standard would intensify the crisis, a concern that led him to resign his position as advisor to the U.S. Treasury to protest Roosevelt’s gold policy.
Np(V) dicyanamide complexes with electroneutral N-donor ligands
Authors: Grigoriev Mikhail S. , Charushnikova Iraida A. , Fedoseev Alexandr M.
Published: October 2022

Three new complexes of Np(V) dicyanamide with electroneutral N-donor ligands have been synthesized and structurally characterized: two with terpyridine derivatives: [(NpO2)(Cl-Terpy)(DMA)(N(CN)2)]·0.5DMA (1), [(NpO2)(TPTZ)(N(CN)2)(H2O)]·2H2O·CH3OH (2) and a dimeric complex with bipyridine [(NpO2)(Bipy)(N(CN)2)(H2O)]2·2(CH3OH) (3). In compounds 1–3, the coordination polyhedra of Np atoms are pentagonal bipyramids with “yl” oxygen atoms in apical positions. The equatorial plane of the bipyramids is formed by nitrogen atoms of the anions [N(CN)2]− and N-donor electroneutral ligands (Cl-Terpy, TPTZ, Bipy) and the oxygen atom of water molecule (1, 3) or DMA (2). In compounds 1 and 2, the [N(CN)2]− anions manifest themselves as monodentate ligands, and in compound 3 dicyanamide is a bidentate-bridging ligand.
Die unklare Beziehung von Normakzeptanz und Sanktionsrisikobeurteilung. Gerechtigkeitsglaube oder moralfestigende Normverdeutlichung?
Authors: Hirtenlehner Helmut
Published: October 2022

Die vorliegende rechtssoziologische Untersuchung bemüht sich um eine empirische Klärung des Beziehungsverhältnisses von Normakzeptanz und Sanktionsrisikobeurteilung. Querschnittskorrelationen auf Befragungsdatenbasis zeigen regelmäßig, dass eine gehobene Normanerkennung von einer größeren Sanktionsrisikoeinschätzung begleitet wird, sagen aber nichts über die kausale Richtung der Verbindung. Der Verinnerlichungsgrad einer Rechtsnorm kann sowohl Ursache als auch Ergebnis der perzipierten Sanktionierungswahrscheinlichkeit sein. Ersteres lässt sich mit Blick auf den „Just World Fallacy“, Letzteres im Sinne der positiven Generalprävention argumentieren. Die Ergebnisse einer Längsschnittbefragung junger Menschen enthüllen, dass Normakzeptanz und Sanktionsrisikobeurteilung in einer reziproken Beziehung stehen. Panelmodelle mit kreuzverzögerten Effekten bestätigen, dass eine größere Sanktionsrisikoeinschätzung eine höhere Normanerkennung hervorbringt und eine gehobene Normakzeptanz zu einer Höherbewertung der Sanktionierungsrisiken führt. Der Einfluss der wahrgenommenen Sanktionierungschancen auf die dispositionelle Normbindung wird als vorläufiger Beleg für eine partielle Wirksamkeit der positiven Generalprävention gedeutet.
The Effect of External Dissociative Stimuli on Plank Duration Performed by Male Collegiate Soccer Players
Authors: D'Agata Michele N. , Staub Jason P. , Scavone Daniel J. , Kane Gregory M.
Published: October 2022

D'Agata, MN, Staub, JP, Scavone, DJ, and Kane, GM. The effect of external dissociative stimuli on plank duration performed by male collegiate soccer players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—Individuals commonly use music as an external auditory stimulus to divert their attention away from aerobic endurance exercise tasks. Music generally results in lower ratings of perceived exertion, which may be the mechanism by which it increases aerobic exercise task duration. However, less is known regarding how music affects the performance of other forms of exercise, such as isometric exercise. Moreover, the effects of different external stimuli on isometric task duration, such as the use of virtual reality (VR), have yet to be investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-selected music (SSM) and VR on isometric exercise task duration using a forearm plank. We hypothesized that both SSM and VR would effectively increase plank duration compared with no external stimuli. Seventeen male collegiate soccer players (19 ± 1 year) completed 3 planks to failure on 3 separate days, with 48–72 hours between the trials. The ordering of each exercise condition (SSM, VR, or None) was randomized for a total of 6 potential orders. A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate differences in plank duration and average heart rate (HRavg) between each trial, and significance was set at p < 0.05. There were no differences in plank duration (SSM: 200 ± 44, VR: 173 ± 38, None: 177 ± 37 seconds) or HRavg (SSM: 96 ± 18, VR: 92 ± 21, None: 87 ± 18 beats per minute) between the conditions. We conclude that there was no effect of external stimuli (SSM or VR) on isometric exercise task duration and the use of these modalities should be based on exerciser preference.