bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression of an extremophilic xylanase in Nicotiana benthamiana and its use for the production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides
Authors: Talens-Perales David , Nicolau-Sanus María , Polaina Julio , Daròs José-Antonio
Published: September 2022

A gene construct encoding a xylanase, which is active in extreme conditions of temperature and alkaline pH (90 °C, pH 10.5), has been transitorily expressed with high efficiency in Nicotiana benthamiana using a viral vector. The enzyme, targeted to the apoplast, accumulates in large amounts in plant tissues in as little as 7 days after inoculation, without detrimental effects on plant growth. The properties of the protein produced by the plant, in terms of resistance to temperature, pH, and enzymatic activity, are equivalent to those observed when Escherichia coli is used as a host. Purification of the plant-produced recombinant xylanase is facilitated by exporting the protein to the apoplastic space. The production of this xylanase by N. benthamiana, which avoids the hindrances derived from the use of E. coli, namely, intracellular production requiring subsequent purification, represents an important step for potential applications in the food industry in which more sustainable and green products are continuously demanded. As an example, the use of the enzyme producing prebiotic xylooligosdaccharides from xylan is here reported.
Cocaine regulation of Nr4a1 chromatin bivalency and mRNA in male and female mice
Authors: Fischer Delaney K. , Krick Keegan S. , Han Chloe , Woolf Morgan T. , Heller Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2022

Cocaine epigenetically regulates gene expression via changes in histone post-translational modifications (HPTMs). We previously found that the immediate early gene Nr4a1 is epigenetically activated by cocaine in mouse brain reward regions. However, few studies have examined multiple HPTMs at a single gene. Bivalent gene promoters are simultaneously enriched in both activating (H3K4me3 (K4)) and repressive (H3K27me3 (K27)) HPTMs. As such, bivalent genes are lowly expressed but poised for activity-dependent gene regulation. In this study, we identified K4&K27 bivalency at Nr4a1 following investigator-administered cocaine in male and female mice. We applied sequential chromatin immunoprecipitation and qPCR to define Nr4a1 bivalency and expression in striatum (STR), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus (HPC). We used Pearson’s correlation to quantify relationships within each brain region across treatment conditions for each sex. In female STR, cocaine increased Nr4a1 mRNA while maintaining Nr4a1 K4&K27 bivalency. In male STR, cocaine enriched repressive H3K27me3 and K4&K27 bivalency at Nr4a1 and maintained Nr4a1 mRNA. Furthermore, cocaine epigenetically regulated a putative NR4A1 target, Cartpt, in male PFC. This study defined the epigenetic regulation of Nr4a1 in reward brain regions in male and female mice following cocaine, and, thus, shed light on the biological relevance of sex to cocaine use disorder.
Prevalence and predictors of diabetes-related distress in adults with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Grulovic Natasa , Rojnic Kuzman Martina , Baretic Maja
Published: September 2022

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic disease requiring lifelong insulin therapy and rigorous self-management. As it negatively impacts the affected individuals’ quality of life, it may eventually lead to diabetes-related distress. This study evaluated the prevalence and identified the predictors of diabetes-related distress in a representative sample of adults with T1DM treated at secondary and tertiary levels in Croatia. A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in adults with T1DM in Croatia (N = 100). Data were collected between January 2018 and December 2018 from medical records and interviews during a single clinical visit, when participants completed a 20-item Problem Area in Diabetes (PAID) Questionnaire. The proportion of participants with a total PAID score ≥ 40 indicating high diabetes-related distress was calculated, and binary logistic regression was run to determine predictors. High diabetes-related distress was found in 36% of participants, with a mean PAID total score of 31.9 (21.1). The predictors of diabetes-related distress were higher HbA1c level (OR = 1.491, p = 0.037, CI = 1.025–2.169) and the presence of microvascular complications (OR = 4.611, p = 0.005; 95%CI 1.546–13.754). Worrying about the future and chronic complications and feeling guilty when off-track with diabetes management were identified as items that contribute the most to distress. Diabetes-related distress is a frequent condition in adults with T1DM in Croatia. Special attention should be given to patients with suboptimal glycemic control and microvascular complications. Given the high prevalence and impact of psychosocial problems in diabetes, psychological care should be integrated into routine care for adults with type 1 diabetes.
Machine learning partners in criminal networks
Authors: Lopes Diego D. , Cunha Bruno R. da , Martins Alvaro F. , Gonçalves Sebastián , Lenzi Ervin K. , Hanley Quentin S. , Perc Matjaž , Ribeiro Haroldo V.
Published: September 2022

Recent research has shown that criminal networks have complex organizational structures, but whether this can be used to predict static and dynamic properties of criminal networks remains little explored. Here, by combining graph representation learning and machine learning methods, we show that structural properties of political corruption, police intelligence, and money laundering networks can be used to recover missing criminal partnerships, distinguish among different types of criminal and legal associations, as well as predict the total amount of money exchanged among criminal agents, all with outstanding accuracy. We also show that our approach can anticipate future criminal associations during the dynamic growth of corruption networks with significant accuracy. Thus, similar to evidence found at crime scenes, we conclude that structural patterns of criminal networks carry crucial information about illegal activities, which allows machine learning methods to predict missing information and even anticipate future criminal behavior.
Phylogeographic structure of common sage (Salvia officinalis L.) reveals microrefugia throughout the Balkans and colonizations of the Apennines
Authors: Radosavljević Ivan , Satovic Zlatko , di Pietro Romeo , Jug Dujaković Marija , Varga Filip , Škrtić Danijel , Liber Zlatko
Published: September 2022

Studying the population-genetic and phylogeographic structures of a representative species of a particular geographical region can not only provide us with information regarding its evolutionary history, but also improve our understanding of the evolutionary processes underlying the patterns of species diversity in that area. By analysing eight highly polymorphic microsatellite loci and two chloroplast DNA regions, we have investigated the influence of Pleistocene climate fluctuations on the evolutionary history ofSalvia officinalisL. (common sage). The populations with the highest genetic diversity were located in the central parts of the Balkan distribution range. A large group of closely related haplotypes was distributed throughout the Balkans and the central Apennines, while the private lineage occupied the southern Apennines. In addition, two highly differentiated lineages were scattered only over the Balkans. The results suggest that a single refugium of the studied species from the last glacial period was located in the central part of the range in the Balkans. Numerous microrefugia, probably spanning several glaciation cycles, were scattered across the Balkans, while colonisation of the Apennines from the Balkans occurred at least on two occasions.
Preclinical comparative study of [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 and [18F]PSMA-1007 in varying PSMA expressing tumors
Authors: Piron Sarah , Verhoeven Jeroen , Courtyn Jan , Kersemans Ken , Descamps Benedicte , Pieters Leen , Vral Anne , Vanhove Christian , De Vos Filip
Published: September 2022

A wide variety of 18F-labeled PSMA-targeting PET radiotracers have been developed, including [18F]AlF-PSMA-11. As there is only limited data on the comparison with other 18F-labeled PSMA PET tracers, a comparative preclinical study between [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 and [18F]PSMA-1007 was conducted. Mice with varying PSMA expressing tumors (C4-2, 22Rv1 and PC-3, each n = 5) underwent two PET/CT scans with both [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 and [18F]PSMA-1007. Ten additional mice bearing C4-2 xenografts were subjected to ex vivo biodistribution with either [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 (n = 5) or [18F]PSMA-1007 (n = 5). Absolute SUVmean and SUVmax values were significantly higher for [18F]PSMA-1007 scans in both C4-2 tumors (p < 0.01) and 22Rv1 tumors (p < 0.01). In C4-2 xenograft bearing mice, the tumor-to-organ ratios did not significantly differ between [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 and [18F]PSMA-1007 for liver, muscle, blood and salivary glands (p > 0.05). However, in 22Rv1 xenograft bearing mice, all tumor-to-organ ratios were higher for [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 (p < 0.01). In healthy organs, [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake was higher in the liver, gallbladder, small intestines and glands. Biodistribution data confirmed the increased uptake in the heart, small intestines and liver with [18F]PSMA-1007. Absolute tumor uptake was higher with [18F]PSMA-1007 in all tumors. Tumor-to-organ ratios did not differ significantly in high PSMA expressing tumors, but were higher for [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 in low PSMA expressing tumors. Furthermore, [18F]PSMA-1007 showed higher uptake in healthy organs.
Lightwave nano-converging enhancement by an arrayed optical antenna based on metallic nano-cone-tips for CMOS imaging detection
Authors: Hu Chai , Liu Taige , Liu Kewei , Shi Jiashuo , Ye Mao , Zhang Xinyu
Published: September 2022

A kind of gold-coated glass nano-cone-tips (GGNCTs) is developed as an arrayed optical antenna for highly receiving and converging incident lightwaves. A local light field enhancement factor (LFEF) of ~ 2 × 104 and maximum light absorption of ~ 98% can be achieved. The near-field lightwave measurements at the wavelength of 633 nm show that the surface net charges over a single GGNCT make a typical dipole oscillation and the energy transmits along the wave vector orientation, thus leading to a strong local light field enhancement. An effective detection method by near-field coupling an arrayed GGNCT and complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) sensor for highly efficient imaging detection is proposed. The lightwave detection at several wavelengths, including typical 473 nm, 532 nm, 671 nm, and 980 nm, shows a notable characteristic that a better capability of the net charge distribution adjusting and localized aggregating can be obtained at the absorption peak of the GGNCT developed and a stronger signal detection achieved. The research lays a foundation for further developing a light detector with an ideal optoelectronic sensitivity and broad spectral suitability, which is based on integrating GGNCTs as an arrayed optical antenna with common sensors.
Automated monitoring the kinetics of homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical processes using a smartphone
Authors: Keller Mateus H. , Moreira Raphaell , Souza Bruno S.
Published: September 2022

Heterogeneous chemical processes occupy a pivotal position in many fields of applied chemistry. Monitoring reaction kinetics in such heterogeneous systems together with challenges associated with ex-situ analytical methodologies can lead to inaccurate information about the nature of the catalyst surfaces as well as information about the steps involved. The present work explores the possibility of kinetic measurements of chemical reactions and adsorption processes of homogeneous and heterogeneous systems through the variation of RGB intensities of digital images using a smartphone combined with a program written in Python to accelerate and facilitate data acquisition. In order to validate the method proposed, the base promoted hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate was initially investigated. The rate constants obtained through RGB analysis (0.01854 min−1) is almost identical to that using traditional UV–Vis spectroscopy (0.01848 min−1). The proposed method was then applied to monitor the kinetics of three heterogeneous processes: (1) reduction of 4-nitrophenolate in the presence of dispersed Pd/C; (2) decomposition of methyl orange with TiO2; and (3) adsorption of rhodamine on montmorillonite. In general, the method via digital images showed high reproducibility and analytical frequency, allowing the execution of simultaneous analyses, with an accuracy comparable to UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The method developed herein is a practical and valuable alternative for obtaining kinetic data of heterogeneous reactions and processes where a color change is involved, bypassing sampling collection and processing which decreases analytical frequency and may lead to data errors.
Nodal signaling regulates asymmetric cellular behaviors, driving clockwise rotation of the heart tube in zebrafish
Authors: Kidokoro Hinako , Saijoh Yukio , Schoenwolf Gary C.
Published: September 2022

Clockwise rotation of the primitive heart tube, a process regulated by restricted left-sided Nodal signaling, is the first morphological manifestation of left-right asymmetry. How Nodal regulates cell behaviors to drive asymmetric morphogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, using high-resolution live imaging of zebrafish embryos, we simultaneously visualized cellular dynamics underlying early heart morphogenesis and resulting changes in tissue shape, to identify two key cell behaviors: cell rearrangement and cell shape change, which convert initially flat heart primordia into a tube through convergent extension. Interestingly, left cells were more active in these behaviors than right cells, driving more rapid convergence of the left primordium, and thereby rotating the heart tube. Loss of Nodal signaling abolished the asymmetric cell behaviors as well as the asymmetric convergence of the left and right heart primordia. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Nodal signaling regulates the magnitude of morphological changes by acting on basic cellular behaviors underlying heart tube formation, driving asymmetric deformation and rotation of the heart tube.
Blockade of PGK1 and ALDOA enhances bilirubin control of Th17 cells in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Vuerich Marta , Wang Na , Graham Jonathon J. , Gao Li , Zhang Wei , Kalbasi Ahmadreza , Zhang Lina , Csizmadia Eva , Hristopoulos Jason , Ma Yun , Kokkotou Efi , Cheifetz Adam S. , Robson Simon C. , Longhi Maria Serena
Published: September 2022

Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) confers Th17-cells immunosuppressive features by activating aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor, a modulator of toxin and adaptive immune responses. In Crohn’s disease, Th17-cells fail to acquire regulatory properties in response to UCB, remaining at an inflammatory/pathogenic state. Here we show that UCB modulates Th17-cell metabolism by limiting glycolysis and through downregulation of glycolysis-related genes, namely phosphoglycerate-kinase-1 (PGK1) and aldolase-A (ALDOA). Th17-cells of Crohn’s disease patients display heightened PGK1 and ALDOA and defective response to UCB. Silencing of PGK1 or ALDOA restores Th17-cell response to UCB, as reflected by increase in immunoregulatory markers like FOXP3, IL-10 and CD39. In vivo, PGK1 and ALDOA silencing enhances UCB salutary effects in trinitro-benzene-sulfonic-acid-induced colitis in NOD/scid/gamma humanized mice where control over disease activity and enhanced immunoregulatory phenotypes are achieved. PGK1 and/or ALDOA blockade might have therapeutic effects in Crohn’s disease by favoring acquisition of regulatory properties by Th17-cells along with control over their pathogenic potential.
miR204 potentially promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibition of cpt1a in mouse hepatocytes
Authors: Kim Seonhee , Lee Ikjun , Piao Shuyu , Nagar Harsha , Choi Su-jeong , Kim Young-Rae , Irani Kaikobad , Jeon Byeong Hwa , Kim Cuk-Seong
Published: September 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hepatic metabolism dysfunction. However, the mechanistic role of miR204 in the development of NAFLD is unknown. We investigate the functional significance of miR204 in the evolution of NAFLD. IDH2 KO mice feed a normal diet (ND) or HFD increased body weight, epididymal fat-pad weight, lipid droplet in liver, blood parameter and inflammation compared to WT mice fed a ND or HFD. Moreover, the expression of miR204 is increased in mice with IDH2 deficiency. Increased miR204 by IDH2 deficiency regulates carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (cpt1a) synthesis, which inhibits fatty acid β-oxidation. Inhibition of miR204 prevents the disassembly of two fatty acid-related genes by activating CPT1a expression, which decreases lipid droplet in liver, inflammatory cytokines, epididymal fat pad weight, blood parameters. Increased miR204 by IDH2 deficiency promotes the pathogenesis of HFD-induced NAFLD by regulating hepatic fatty acid metabolism and inflammation.
Frontoparietal network activation is associated with motor recovery in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Olafson Emily , Russello Georgia , Jamison Keith W. , Liu Hesheng , Wang Danhong , Bruss Joel E. , Boes Aaron D. , Kuceyeski Amy
Published: September 2022

Strokes cause lesions that damage brain tissue, disrupt normal brain activity patterns and can lead to impairments in motor function. Although modulation of cortical activity is central to stimulation-based rehabilitative therapies, aberrant and adaptive patterns of brain activity after stroke have not yet been fully characterized. Here, we apply a brain dynamics analysis approach to study longitudinal brain activity patterns in individuals with ischemic pontine stroke. We first found 4 commonly occurring brain states largely characterized by high amplitude activations in the visual, frontoparietal, default mode, and motor networks. Stroke subjects spent less time in the frontoparietal state compared to controls. For individuals with dominant-hand CST damage, more time spent in the frontoparietal state from 1 week to 3-6 months post-stroke was associated with better motor recovery over the same time period, an association which was independent of baseline impairment. Furthermore, the amount of time spent in brain states was linked empirically to functional connectivity. This work suggests that when the dominant-hand CST is compromised in stroke, resting state configurations may include increased activation of the frontoparietal network, which may facilitate compensatory neural pathways that support recovery of motor function when traditional motor circuits of the dominant-hemisphere are compromised.
Improved visual detection of DNA amplification using pyridylazophenol metal sensing dyes
Authors: Zhang Yinhua , Hunt Eric A. , Tamanaha Esta , Corrêa Ivan R. , Tanner Nathan A.
Published: September 2022

Detection of nucleic acid amplification has typically required sophisticated laboratory instrumentation, but as the amplification techniques have moved away from the lab, complementary detection techniques have been implemented to facilitate point-of-care, field, and even at-home applications. Simple visual detection approaches have been widely used for isothermal amplification methods, but have generally displayed weak color changes or been highly sensitive to sample and atmospheric effects. Here we describe the use of pyridylazophenol dyes and binding to manganese ion to produce a strong visible color that changes in response to nucleic acid amplification. This detection approach is easily quantitated with absorbance, rapidly and clearly visible by eye, robust to sample effects, and notably compatible with both isothermal and PCR amplification. Nucleic acid amplification and molecular diagnostic methods are being used in an increasing number of novel applications and settings, and the ability to reliably and sensitively detect them without the need for additional instrumentation will enable even more access to these powerful techniques.
Quantum spin liquid candidate as superior refrigerant in cascade demagnetization cooling
Authors: Liu Xin-Yang , Gao Yuan , Li Han , Jin Wentao , Xiang Junsen , Jin Hai , Chen Ziyu , Li Wei , Su Gang
Published: September 2022

The quantum spin liquid (QSL) states with no long-range magnetic order even down to zero temperature have recently raised intensive research interest. Here we propose that the spin frustration characteristic of the QSL candidates also make them superior magnetocaloric materials that exhibit prominent cooling effect, especially near the quantum critical points. By simulating the highly frustrated kagome and triangular lattice models, we reveal a significant magnetothermal pumping effect when combing quantum magnets with paramagnetic salts, which can be exploited to design a high-performance cascade demagnetization refrigerator. Moreover, with realistic magnetic compounds YbAlO3 and Na2BaCo(PO4)2, we find a giant enhancement in the cooling capacity characterized by a great increment rate, e.g., more than 200% when working between 3 K heat sink and 30 mK load. Our work thus paves a promising and viable way for the quantum spin cooling to promote the helium-free refrigeration useful in space applications and quantum technologies.
Magnetotactic bacteria AMB-1 with active deep tumor penetrability for magnetic hyperthermia of hypoxic tumors
Authors: Chen Xin , Lai Liwen , Li Xiang , Cheng Xintong , Shan Xinxin , Liu Xiangqing , Chen Liqun , Chen Guangliang , Huang Guoming
Published: September 2022

Magnetotactic bacteria AMB-1 bacteria can selectively migrate to hypoxic regions of solid tumors due to their anaerobic characteristics, showing active deep tumor penetrability for efficient magnetic hyperthermia of solid tumor.
Macrophage-targeting bioactive glass nanoparticles for the treatment of intracellular infection and subcutaneous abscess
Authors: Zhang Shixiong , Zhao Lulong , Chen Zhishu , Zhang Linya , Li Lichen , Zhao Mengen , Yan Leping , Liao Liqiong , Zhang Chao , Wu Zhaoying
Published: September 2022

BGNs-Man/Ag can target infected macrophages and kill intracellular S. aureus via activating their autonomous defense.
Photoredox-catalysed chlorination of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones enabled by using CHCl3 as a chlorine source
Authors: Wu Mei-Chun , Li Ming-Zhi , Chen Jia-Yi , Xiao Jun-An , Xiang Hao-Yue , Chen Kai , Yang Hua
Published: September 2022

A photoredox-catalysed chlorination of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was developed by using CHCl3 as a chlorine source, thus affording various 3-chloroquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones in moderate to high yields.
A 3,8-connected Cd(ii)-based metal–organic framework as an appropriate luminescent sensor for the antibiotic sulfasalazine
Authors: Dong Xiuyan , Li Duqingcuo , Li Yuyan , Sakiyama Hiroshi , Muddassir Mohd. , Pan Ying , Srivastava Devyani , Kumar Abhinav
Published: September 2022

A new 3,8-connected Cd(ii)-based metal–organic framework synthesized and used as an appropriate luminescent sensor for the antibiotic sulfasalazine.
A multiscale approach for electronic transport simulation of carbon nanostructures in aqueous solvent
Authors: de Freitas Martins Ernane , Scheicher Ralph Hendrik , Rocha Alexandre Reily , Feliciano Gustavo Troiano
Published: September 2022

Theoretical works addressing electronic nano-devices operating in aqueous media often neglect the solvent effects. Here we provide a way of accounting for that, showing that the solvent affects graphene’s conductance while salt plays a minor role.
Interface-engineering studies on the photoelectric properties and stability of the CsSnI3–SnS heterostructure
Authors: Peng Yongyi , Gu Chenxi , Liu Biao , Cai Meng-Qiu , Yang Junliang
Published: September 2022

The stability of Sn-based perovskites has always been the main obstacle to their application.
Correction: Selective oxidation of alcohols on hydrogen titanate nanotubes under visible light irradiation: relationship between nanostructure and catalytic activity
Authors: Yang Juan , Shen Xiaoxiao , Wei Jianping , Zhang Lina , Zhao Dan , Yao Banghua
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘Selective oxidation of alcohols on hydrogen titanate nanotubes under visible light irradiation: relationship between nanostructure and catalytic activity’ by Juan Yang et al., Catal. Sci. Technol., 2016, 6, 7604–7614, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CY01345G
Core–shell Au–Ag nanoparticles as colorimetric sensing probes for highly selective detection of a dopamine neurotransmitter under different pH conditions
Authors: Le Thanh-Van , Lee Sang-Wha
Published: September 2022

Optimized sensing probes of Au@Ag NPs at pH 10 demonstrated an excellent selectivity to dopamine (DA) against interfering components including similar catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine).
Synthesis of low oxidation state zinc(i) complexes and their catalytic studies in the dehydroborylation of terminal alkynes
Authors: Sahoo Rajata Kumar , Rajput Sagrika , Patro A. Ganesh , Nembenna Sharanappa
Published: September 2022

Herein, we report a structurally characterized CBG- supported low oxidation state zinc complex. Further, we have investigated zinc(i) dimers as selective catalysts for the dehydroborylation of a wide range of terminal alkynes under mild conditions.
Correction: An aqueous hybrid electrolyte for low-temperature zinc-based energy storage devices
Authors: Chang Nana , Li Tianyu , Li Rui , Wang Shengnan , Yin Yanbin , Zhang Huamin , Li Xianfeng
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘An aqueous hybrid electrolyte for low-temperature zinc-based energy storage devices’ by Nana Chang et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2020, 13, 3527–3535, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0EE01538E.
Role of co-existing anions in non-radical and radical processes of carbocatalyzed persulfate activation for acetaminophen degradation
Authors: Govindan Kadarkarai , Kim Do-Gun , Ko Seok-Oh
Published: September 2022

We investigated the effect of co-existing anions of Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, CO32−, and HCO3− on potassium persulfate (PS) activation by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and N-doped MWCNTs (MWCNTs) for acetaminophen (ACP) degradation.
Bromine radical-enhanced HAT activity leading to stoichiometric couplings of methylarenes with acid chlorides
Authors: Wang Qiao-Lin , Huang Huawen , Mao Guojiang , Deng Guo-Jun
Published: September 2022

The unique merger of photocatalysis, nickel catalysis and bromine radical-enhanced HAT proved to be the key to the successful stoichiometric couplings of methylarenes and aryl chlorides.
Visible-light-induced sulfonylarylation of unactivated alkenes via 1,4-(hetero)aryl migration from oxygen or nitrogen to carbon
Authors: Cao Yunpeng , Shi Xiaodi , Wang Xinmou , Zhang Mingjun , Song Hongjian , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Qingmin
Published: September 2022

A new, metal-free, and highly atom economical strategy for the difunctionalization of unactivated alkenes under mild conditions.
High-precision analysis of calcium isotopes using a Nu Sapphire collision cell (CC)-MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Gao Bing-Yu , Su Ben-Xun , Li Wen-Jun , Yuan Meng , Sun Jian , Zhao Ye , Liu Xia
Published: September 2022

This study presents high-precision analyses of calcium (Ca) isotope ratios using a collision-cell multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (CC-MC-ICP-MS, Nu Sapphire).
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Excitation and ionization processes of chlorine in molybdenum dichloride dioxide flakes using the glow discharge mass spectrometry technique”’ by Z. Weiss, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2022, 37, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2JA00058J
Authors: Mushtaq Sohail
Published: September 2022

The partial periodic table shows elements, with colored background, which have been reported for charge transfer excitation (CT) reactions in glow discharges (data from 1987–2019). Recently, a CT reaction b/w Mo atoms & Ar+ has been identified.
A simultaneous atomic absorption and emission spectrometer with dielectric barrier discharge for atomization and excitation
Authors: Lin Tao , Hu Jing , Deng Yujia , Zeng Wen , Chen Jiadeng , Jiang Xiaoming , Hou Xiandeng
Published: September 2022

A DBD-AAS/AES simultaneous detection system by sharing a miniaturized multichannel CCD spectrometer.
Nanostructured Ni(OH)2–ZnO mixed crystals as recyclable catalysts for the synthesis of N-unsubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Hazarika Priyanuj Krishnann , Gogoi Priyanka , Hazarika Roktopol , Deori Kalyanjyoti , Sarma Diganta
Published: September 2022

A novel and sustainable way of constructing medicinally active compounds, 4-aryl-1,2,3-(NH)-triazoles, has been developed by employing Ni(OH)2–ZnO nanostructured mixed crystals.
The ridge integration method and its application to molecular sieving, demonstrated for gas purification via graphdiyne membranes
Authors: Binder Christian W. , Krondorfer Johannes K. , Hauser Andreas W.
Published: September 2022

A method for the effective calculation of transmission probabilities for processes of molecular sieving is presented and tested against Eyring theory by comparison to Molecular Dynamics simulations.
Evolution of ordered nanoporous phases during h-BN growth: controlling the route from gas-phase precursor to 2D material by in situ monitoring
Authors: Ruckhofer Adrian , Sacchi Marco , Payne Anthony , Jardine Andrew P. , Ernst Wolfgang E. , Avidor Nadav , Tamtögl Anton
Published: September 2022

Diffraction measurements following the growth of h-BN, reveal intermediate long-range ordered open network structures during the formation. DFT calculations explain their nature, outlining new routes to control the synthesis of covalent 2D networks.
Esterification of biomass-derived levulinic acid using molybdate-intercalated hydrotalcite materials
Authors: Neethu P. P. , Sakthivel A.
Published: September 2022

The molybdate-stabilized MgFe-HT is demonstrated as a potential catalyst for levulinic acid esterification with 93% conversion and 95% butyl-levulinate selectivity.
Interface modification by defect engineering for g-C3N4/LaPO4−x nanorods towards efficient CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Yan Sai , Chen Lei , Peng Fangyu , Fan Yuanyuan , Yu Yanlong , Liu Yue , Cao Yaan
Published: September 2022

In this work, a series of specific surface defects are introduced at the interface of LaPO4/g-C3N4 composites.
Unveiling the conformational landscape of achiral all-cis tert-butyl β-peptoids
Authors: Angelici Gaetano , Bhattacharjee Nicholus , Pypec Maxime , Jouffret Laurent , Didierjean Claude , Jolibois Franck , Perrin Lionel , Roy Olivier , Taillefumier Claude
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of β-peptoids withtert-butyl side chains up to 15 residues in length was achieved. Their backbone is characterized bycis-amide bonds, leading to helix and ribbon-like structures.
Synthesis and structure–activity relationship of berkeleylactone A-derived antibiotics
Authors: Malatinský Tomáš , Valachová Dominika , Pinčeková Lucia , Scherhaufer David , Olejníková Petra , Májeková Magdaléna , Vargová Jarmila , Gaálová-Radochová Barbora , Bujdáková Helena , Nováčiková Jana , Farley Alistair J. M. , Berkeš Dušan , Jakubec Pavol , Kolarovič Andrej , Caletková Oľga
Published: September 2022

A series of berkeleylactone A derivatives was prepared and evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activities. Our data confirmed the essential role of the embedded Michael acceptor and suggested its reversible sulfa-protection.
Recent developments in the synthesis of the isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione by radical cascade reaction
Authors: Niu Yan-Ning , Xia Xiao-Feng
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-diones via radical cascade reaction from acryloyl benzamides is reviewed according to different radical precursors, such as that containing carbon, sulphur, phosphorus, nitrogen, bromine and silicon.
Facile access to 4′-(N-acylsulfonamide) modified nucleosides and evaluation of their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 RNA cap N7-guanine-methyltransferase nsp14
Authors: Amador Romain , Delpal Adrien , Canard Bruno , Vasseur Jean-Jacques , Decroly Etienne , Debart Françoise , Clavé Guillaume , Smietana Michael
Published: September 2022

4′-(N-Acylsulfonamide) adenosine derivatives have been efficiently synthetized via the sulfo-click reaction and their biological activity has been evaluated as potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA cap N7-guanine- methyltransferase nsp14.
Spinel-structured metal oxide-embedded MXene nanocomposites for efficient water splitting reactions
Authors: Vikraman Dhanasekaran , Hussain Sajjad , Hailiang Liu , Karuppasamy K. , Sivakumar Periyasamy , Santhoshkumar P. , Jung Jongwan , Kim Hyun-Seok
Published: September 2022

A simple hydrothermal reaction is employed to organize MXene-blended metal oxide composites as an outstanding bifunctional catalyst. MXene/metal oxide nanocomposites offer 24 h robust characteristics for continuous overall water splitting reactions.
Triangularly shaped cyclic defects for the selective boron doping of π-extended systems
Authors: Dzieszkowski Krzysztof , Pawlicki Miłosz
Published: September 2022

Entrapment of boron(III) in π-conjugated systems causes a strong modification of the observed properties, e.g. optical properties can be realized via post-synthetic reaction with 6.6.6 and 7.6.6 defects precisely incorporated into π-extended motifs.
Recent advances in the total synthesis of cytochalasan natural products using bioinspired strategies
Authors: Zhao Yonglong , Long Xianwen , Wu Hai , Deng Jun
Published: September 2022

This review summarizes the recent advances in the bioinspired synthesis of cytochalasans, pentacyclic cytochalasans and merocytochalasans covering from 2016 to 2021.
Extraction of flavonoids from Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride using a deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Li Gang , Lei Jie , Li Sihui , Jiang Yongmei , Zhang Feng , Song Changwei , Xiao Shiji , Fu Shaobin , Zhou Jinquan , Wu Faming , Wang Gang
Published: September 2022

Flavonoids are the main active ingredient in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (CRPV).
Synthesis and hybridizing properties of P-stereodefined chimeric [PS]-{DNA:RNA} and [PS]-{DNA:(2′-OMe)-RNA} oligomers
Authors: Jastrzębska Katarzyna , Maciaszek Anna , Dolot Rafał , Tomaszewska-Antczak Agnieszka , Mikołajczyk Barbara , Guga Piotr
Published: September 2022

P-Diastereomers 1 were used in the stereoretentive synthesis of chimeric [PS]-{DNA:(2′-OMe)-RNA/RNA} oligomers and the stability of their duplexes did not correlate with the P-stereochemistry.
Development and validation of the UPLC-MS method for simultaneous determination of six new psychoactive substances
Authors: Tan Zhouhong , Wen Yunbo , Yang Kai , Zhao Xia , Yang Xiaoli , He Jieli
Published: September 2022

The combined abuse of benzodiazepines and antipsychotics has become a global problem, and to develop a highly sensitive and selective method for monitoring of benzodiazepine hypnotics and antipsychotics is urgently necessary.
A gold(i)-catalysed approach towards harmalidine an elusive alkaloid from Peganum harmala
Authors: Miaskiewicz Solène , Weibel Jean-Marc , Pale Patrick , Blanc Aurélien
Published: September 2022

Upon gold catalysis, the 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]indole motif, encountered in few but interesting bioactive natural products, was efficiently obtained from N-aryl 2-alkynylazetidine derivatives.
Reductive amination of phenol over Pd-based catalysts: elucidating the role of the support and metal nanoparticle size
Authors: Ortega Maray , Gómez Daviel , Manrique Raydel , Reyes Guillermo , García-Sánchez Julieth Tatiana , Baldovino Medrano Victor Gabriel , Jiménez Romel , Arteaga-Pérez Luis E.
Published: September 2022

The Pd-catalyzed reductive amination of phenol is sensitive to the support's nature, and to the atoms' coordination in palladium clusters.
CdS/ZnIn2S4 type II heterojunctions improve photocatalytic hydrogen production: faster electron–hole separation and wider visible light utilization
Authors: Wang Yiqiao , Li Jiaxin , Chen Shaobo , Xie Yu , Ma Yongcun , Luo Yongping , Ling Yun , Ye Jianhong
Published: September 2022

Type II heterojunction can expand the light utilization and improve the electron–hole separation efficiency. The best photocatalytic performance of 5%-CdS/ZIS reached 2.15 mmol g−1 h−1 under visible-light irradiation.
Dispersion of activity at an active–passive nematic interface
Authors: Coelho Rodrigo C. V. , Araújo Nuno A. M. , Telo da Gama Margarida M.
Published: September 2022

Efficient nutrient mixing is crucial for the survival of bacterial colonies and other living systems known as active nematics.
Production of energy-storage paper electrodes using a pilot-scale paper machine
Authors: Isacsson Patrik , Jain Karishma , Fall Andreas , Chauve Valerie , Hajian Alireza , Granberg Hjalmar , Boiron Lucie , Berggren Magnus , Håkansson Karl , Edberg Jesper , Engquist Isak , Wågberg Lars
Published: September 2022

Rolls of supercapacitor electrodes have successfully been produced on a pilot paper machine with a novel material concept.
Increasing the molecular weight of conjugated polyelectrolytes improves the electrochemical stability of their pseudocapacitor gels
Authors: Vázquez Ricardo Javier , Quek Glenn , McCuskey Samantha R. , Llanes Luana , Kundukad Binu , Wang Xuehang , Bazan Guillermo C.
Published: September 2022

Increasing the molecular weight of conjugated polyelectrolytes leads to improvements in capacitance and cycling stability, to the point where it is possible to retain 76% of the original performance after 100 000 charge–discharge cycles.
Atomically distributed asymmetrical five-coordinated Co–N5 moieties on N-rich doped C enabling enhanced redox kinetics for advanced Li–S batteries
Authors: Zhang Fanchao , Tang Zihuan , Zhang Tengfei , Xiao Hong , Zhuang Huifeng , Liang Xiao , Zheng Lirong , Gao Qiuming
Published: September 2022

An atomically distributed asymmetrical five-coordinated Co–N5 anchored on N-rich doped carbon (CoN5 SA/NC) is prepared via a urea-mediated pyrolysis strategy and used as a highly efficient sulfur redox reaction electrocatalyst for application in Li–S batteries.
Boosting immunotherapy of triple negative breast cancer through the synergy of mild PTT and Fe-loaded organosilica nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Ben , Fu Hui , Kong Ronghua , Zheng Gang , Wang Xihong , Dong Yang , Yang Zhenlin
Published: September 2022

Mild photothermal therapy (mild PTT) and Fenton reaction-evoked chemodynamic therapy (CDT) are proposed for effectively boosting the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and the sequential antitumor immune response.
Current progress in the environmental analysis of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Authors: Androulakakis Andreas , Alygizakis Nikiforos , Bizani Erasmia , Thomaidis Nikolaos S.
Published: September 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).
Single crystal Ni-rich NMC cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries with ultra-high volumetric energy density
Authors: Moiseev Ivan A. , Savina Aleksandra A. , Pavlova Alina D. , Abakumova Tatiana A. , Gorshkov Vladislav S. , Pazhetnov Egor M. , Abakumov Artem M.
Published: September 2022

Ultra-high tap density of single crystal Ni-rich NMC cathode materials with the spherical-like particles coupled with high discharge capacity result in up to 40% enhancement in volumetric energy density.
Unsupervised learning on particle image velocimetry with embedded cross‐correlation and divergence‐free constraint
Authors: Chong Yiwei , Liang Jiaming , Chen Tehuan , Xu Chao , Pan Changchun
Published: September 2022

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is an essential method in experimental fluid dynamics. In recent years, the development of deep learning‐based methods has inspired new approaches to tackle the PIV problem, which considerably improves the accuracy of PIV. However, the supervised learning of PIV is driven by large volumes of data with ground truth information. Therefore, the authors consider unsupervised PIV methods. There has been some work on unsupervised PIV, but they are not nearly as effective as supervised learning PIV. The authors try to improve the effectiveness and accuracy of unsupervised PIV by adding classical PIV methods and physical constraints. In this paper, the authors propose an unsupervised PIV method combined with the cross‐correlation method and divergence‐free constraint, which obtains better performance than other unsupervised PIV methods. The authors compare some classical PIV methods and some deep learning methods, such as LiteFlowNet, LiteFlowNet‐en, and UnLiteFlowNet with the authors’ model on the synthetic dataset. Besides, the authors contrast the results of LiteFlowNet, UnLiteFlowNet and the authors’ model on experimental particle images. As a result, the authors’ model shows comparable performance with classical PIV methods as well as supervised PIV methods and outperforms the previous unsupervised PIV method in most flow cases.
A heuristic control framework for heavy‐duty hexapod robot over complex terrain
Authors: Hou Jinmian , Chai Hui , Li Yibin , Xin Yaxian , Chen Wei
Published: September 2022

The large and heavy‐duty hexapod robot has strong motion stability and load capacity, which promises to have a wide range of application prospects in rescue and disaster relief. Multi‐mode gait and static stability during walking make the hexapod robot adapt to more diverse terrains, while little research has been conducted on the motion control methods of heavy‐duty hexapod robots in complex environments. A novel heuristic whole‐body motion control framework for the heavy‐duty hexapod robot to traverse complex terrain is presented. By splitting the legged locomotion into a single task, the whole‐body motion could be planned in a reasonable time. The terrain adaptation strategy is designed to improve the complex terrain passability. Ground reaction forces are then optimised based on single rigid‐body dynamics with heuristics. This framework utilised simple but powerful heuristics to approximate complex dynamics and allows for a single set of parameters for all task conditions. Simulation results demonstrate the robustness and adaptability of the proposed framework.
TDCOSMO
Authors: Shajib A. J. , Wong K. C. , Birrer S. , Suyu S. H. , Treu T. , Buckley-Geer E. J. , Lin H. , Rusu C. E. , Poh J. , Palmese A. , Agnello A. , Auger-Williams M. W. , Galan A. , Schuldt S. , Sluse D. , Courbin F. , Frieman J. , Millon M.
Published: September 2022

The importance of alternative methods for measuring the Hubble constant, such as time-delay cosmography, is highlighted by the recent Hubble tension. It is paramount to thoroughly investigate and rule out systematic biases in all measurement methods before we can accept new physics as the source of this tension. In this study, we perform a check for systematic biases in the lens modelling procedure of time-delay cosmography by comparing independent and blind time-delay predictions of the system WGD 2038−4008 from two teams using two different software programs:GLEEandLENSTRONOMY. The predicted time delays from the two teams incorporate the stellar kinematics of the deflector and the external convergence from line-of-sight structures. The un-blinded time-delay predictions from the two teams agree within 1.2σ, implying that once the time delay is measured the inferred Hubble constant will also be mutually consistent. However, there is a ∼4σdiscrepancy between the power-law model slope and external shear, which is a significant discrepancy at the level of lens models before the stellar kinematics and the external convergence are incorporated. We identify the difference in the reconstructed point spread function (PSF) to be the source of this discrepancy. When the same reconstructed PSF was used by both teams, we achieved excellent agreement, within ∼0.6σ, indicating that potential systematics stemming from source reconstruction algorithms and investigator choices are well under control. We recommend that future studies supersample the PSF as needed and marginalize over multiple algorithms or realizations for the PSF reconstruction to mitigate the systematics associated with the PSF. A future study will measure the time delays of the system WGD 2038−4008 and infer the Hubble constant based on our mass models.
Prominence fine structures in weakly twisted and highly twisted magnetic flux ropes
Authors: Guo J. H. , Ni Y. W. , Zhou Y. H. , Guo Y. , Schmieder B. , Chen P. F.
Published: September 2022

Context. Many prominences are supported by magnetic flux ropes. One important question is how we can determine whether the flux rope is weakly twisted or highly twisted.

Aims. In this paper, we attempt to decipher whether prominences supported by weakly twisted and highly twisted flux ropes can manifest different features so that we might distinguish the two types of magnetic structures based on their appearance.

Methods. We performed pseudo three-dimensional simulations of two magnetic flux ropes with different twists.

Results. We find that the resulting two prominences differ in many aspects. The prominence supported by a weakly twisted flux rope is composed mainly of transient threads (∼82.8%), forming high-speed flows inside the prominence, and its horns are evident. Conversely, the prominence supported by a highly twisted flux rope consists mainly of stable quasi-stationary threads (∼60.6%), including longer independently trapped threads and shorter magnetically connected threads. Our simulations also reveal that the prominence spine deviates from the flux rope axis in the vertical direction and from the photospheric polarity inversion line projected on the solar surface, especially for the weakly twisted magnetic flux rope.

Conclusions. The two types of prominences differ significantly in appearance. Our results also suggest that a piling-up of short threads in highly twisted flux ropes might account for the vertical-like threads in some prominences.
Modernization of the fuel supply system in the internal combustion engine by electronic control of the ring valve
Authors: Gabdrafikov Fanil , Kharisov Denis , Galiev Ilgiz , Khusainov Rail
Published: September 2022

The research was carried out in order to develop a method for skipping fuel supplies (turning off individual piston strokes) at low frequencies of crankshaft rotations and at partial engine operating modes with direct-acting fuel supply systems to increase fuel efficiency. The developed method is easily implement using a ring-type discharge valve with electronic control. A valve made in the form of a split elastic ring and installed in a high-pressure line above the plunger pair controls the fuel supply. An electromagnet, located in the cavity of the annular valve, controls the valve, using an electronic regulator, acting at the right moment according to the signals coming from the sensors of the engine crankshaft speed, the volume of incoming air and the position of the piston. The proposed direct-acting fuel supply system with an electronically controlled ring valve reliably ensures the speed and load characteristics of the engine by affecting the number of cyclic feeds. With a decrease in the load and speed of the engine crankshaft, the number of cyclic fuel supplies decreases due to a decrease in signals sent to the electromagnet winding and, as a result, the valve does not attract the fuel and misses the fuel supply. Reducing the unevenness of the fuel supply by the dynamic component that occurs when the supply is switch off is ensured by reducing the inertia of the regulator due to the electronic control of the ring valve. The developed mathematical model of a direct-acting fuel supply system with an annular discharge valve allows us to reveal the relationship of fuel supply parameters with the design dimensions of the split ring. Such direct-acting fuel supply system with an electronically controlled discharge valve allows, due to the skipping of working strokes in low-load and idle modes, redistributing the provided amount of fuel to the working cylinders, significantly reducing fuel consumption.