bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of indigenous rhizobacteria: in search for their potential as plant growth promoting bacteria at two potato producing areas in West Sumatra
Authors: Chaniago I , Warnita  , Resti Z
Published: November 2019

An experiment aiming at exploring and identifying indigenous rhizobacteria from Nagari Alahan Panjang and Nagari Batagak, two potato growing field at the Province of West Sumatra, has been conducted from July to October 2018. Soil was collected from the potato growing areas at Municipality Solok and Municipality Agam. One hundred grams of soil was collected from 25 spots of land at each area. Ten gram of soil was added to 9 mL of sterile distilled water prior to thorough mix in a vortex. The suspension was then subject to series of dilution to get 10-5 or 10-6 solution. Then, 0.1 mL of the final solution was poured into a test tube containing liquid NA medium and mixed thoroughly. The mixture was incubated for 48 hours at ambient temperature. Bacterial colonies went through series of re-culture until pure isolate was obtained and were observed for their morphological and physiological characters. Based on hypersensitivity reaction on leaves of Mirabilis jalapa, seventeen isolates found at Municipality Solok and 49 isolates were identified from Municipality Agam. These isolates did not cause leaf-tissue damage of Mirabilis jalapa. Different types and characters of the rhizobacteria is a broad range of biodiversity which will be potential for further screening for bio assays againts major weeds in potato cultivation and may be used to open the windows to the natural immunity and wellness through induced resistant to major weeds.
The Principle of good items as a legal protection instrument of food and beverage brand holders in Indonesia
Authors: Mahendrawati Ni Luh Made , Astara I Wayan Wesna , Mahaputra IB Gede Agustya
Published: November 2019

Plagiarism in the field of food and beverage brands often occurs in Indonesia regardless of health standards. For that Indonesian government to arrange a lawsuit cancellation of brand rights through the good faith principle. From these issues, the issue to be discussed is the regulation and the application of good faith principle as the legal protection instrument of the right holder of food and beverage brands in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is the discovery of a clear interpretation of the principle of good faith as regulated in the rule of law on brand rights in Indonesia. To answer the problem then this research used method of juridical-normative research with the approach of concept and legislation. The outcome of this research will have an impact on the consideration of the renewal of legal arrangements, especially on the principle of good faith as not to cause ambiguity in the rules and its application.
Analysis of Management, Technology and Quality of Coffee Bean in West Sumatera
Authors: Taib Gunarif , Hari Purnama Dini
Published: November 2019

Coffee plant expansion in West Sumatra has been increasing for the past few years. However, the farm growth was not in accordance with the less significant improvement of coffee bean quality. Thus, identification of the source of the problem and appropriate solution was certainly needed. Therefore, a research had been conducted in some major coffee producer area in West Sumatra. The data were analyzed by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify farmer motivations, coffee farm management and source of technology. Several farmer consideration to plant coffee had been discovered as follows: more profitable than other commodity (0.3983), land use compatibility (0.3590), other farmer success (0.2427). Coffee farm management was influenced by capital (0.3347), land area (0.3199), labor availability (0.1811), coffee bean price (0.1643). Farmer acquired technology from agricultural extension officers (0.4626), other farmers (0.4035), personal experience (0.1339)
Toward Achieving Self-Sufficiency Livestock
Authors: Gemuh Astiti Rasa Ni Made Ayu
Published: November 2019

Unlike in Australia and New Zealand where huge land area is designated for their livestock industry to meet the global demand for meat and milk, Indonesia with 14,752 islands registered at United Nation in 2003 and 260 million people is far more complicated to achieve her self-sufficiency policy targeted by 2021. The breeding of the icon Bali cattle project in 2013 at Nusa Penida Island was the right step toward the goal to minimize dependency on imported beef from Australia and frozen buffalo meet from India especially during festivals. Because of the complicated nature of the whole business all the interested parties must understand the government policy and committed so that everybody including the customer will enjoy the benefit. Our study at the cattle ranch of Sembung village Mengwi District in Badung regency central of Bali is an example of the problem for the assessment and improvement actions needed in near future. The Badung regency is 82,000km2 with population of 501,126 people based on 2014 population statistic. In this regency there are six districts namely South Kota, Kota, Northern Muta, Mangwi, Abia semal and Petang having Bali cow population of 8182, 370, 1074,3692,4018 and 5516 heads respectively. Our analysis is based on the survey at Sembung village Mengwi during January to March 2017 covers several aspects including land area, people, knowledge, financial, market chains, information accessibility and management. Overall, cattle farming in this district is not their main job but rather as sidejob activity to have an additional income whenever they really need it. Despite all the consideration the majority Hindu Balinese people take less beef. Therefore the approach is to effectively contributing to the national self-sufficiency. The natural disaster due to volcanic activity should also be included in the model not only for management but also to control the middle man activity to take advantage of the situation by buying cattle at cheap price almost half of the normal price as witnessed during the recent Mount Agung eruption in 25th Nov 2017.
West Sumatera brown rice genotypes resistance to Aluminium in early growth phase
Authors: Dwipa Indra , Ardi  , Vorinda Nike
Published: November 2019

One of indicator of superior variety is resistant to abiotic stress. The research was conducted in Laboratory of Seed Technology and shade net house, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University from March to June 2017. The research aimed to study the tolerance of 6 West Sumatera brown rice genotypes to aluminium stress in early phase. Factorial Design in Completely Randomized Design was used in this research. The first factor was West Sumatera brown rice genotypes, Padi Ladang, Sungai Abu, Duo Koto Putiah, Sibandung, Situjuah and Balingka. The second factor was AlCl3 dose with 5 levels of concentration, 0 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm and 20 ppm. The data was analysed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test in level 5%. The result showed that there was interaction between aluminium stress. Based on height and length of leaf, Balingka was the best genotype and resistant to Al stress and pH. Duo Koto Putiah was the best genotype based on length of relative root in 15 ppm. Based on level of tolerant, Situjuah was the susceptible genotype, Duo Koto Putiah was the tolerant genotype and Padi Ladang, Sungai Abu, Balingka, and Sibandung were the Moderate-Tolerant genotypes.
Characteristics of Black Glutinous Rice Vinegar as Traditionally Fermented Product of Yeast Tapai and Acetobacter aceti
Authors: Novelina  , Nazir Novizar , Fiana Risa Meutia , Putra Dian Permana
Published: November 2019

As the source of nutrition in food, the product of rice vinegar also has advantages as anti-diabetes, anti-oxidation, anti-cholesterol and anti-bacterial which contribute to health. For the current research, the fermentation of black glutinous rice for producing rice vinegar used microbes contained in yeast tape and acetic acid bacteria (BAA). To get high-quality vinegar products, two stages of the optimization process are carried out. The first process is the fermentation process for the production of alcohol using yeast from tapai and the second process is a fermentation process for the production of acetic acid usingAcetobacter aceti. The products are analyzed for their physicochemical and functional properties. Vinegar produced in the processes contained 52.04 g/L acetic acid, 21.83% anthocyanin level, 1844.72 (GAE mg / L) total phenolic and 92.71% DPPH inhibition.
Antibiotic potency of Straptomyces drozdowiczii on white Rattus norvegicus which is infected with Acinobacter baumanii
Authors: Kawuri R , Darmayasa I B G , Gading C
Published: November 2019

Acinobacter baumannii multi drug resistant (MDR) bacteria are recognized as one of the aerobic bacteria resistant to some antibiotics.. The aim of this study is to find appropriate doses of antibiotics used in white mice infected with MDR A baumanni; toxicity liver organ and histopathology of treated white mice. Mice was infected with A baumanii one day before treatment. Antibiotic Streptomyces drozdowiczii dose treatment with concentration 7%, 6%, 5%, 4% and control (without treatment) and positive control with ciprofloxacin.. Blood cuture is taken after 5 days to determine total bacteria A baumanii and liver funtion. Liver histopathology analysis is done by histological incisions with paraffin and staining methods. The results showed that % of live animals were antibiotic concentrations of 4% 5%, 6%, 7%, positive controls and negative controls, ie sequentially 40%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 100%. All animals did not show liver damage from SGOT and SGPT analyzes. Histopathological analysis showed liver cells in animals tried positive control, negative control and administration of 7% antibiotic showed normal liver cells, Conclusion; 7% antibiotic is the best by not damaging the liver and A baumanii bacteria is not present in the blood.
Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis-based bio-insecticides on the presence of Aphis gossypii and Coccinellid predators on intercropping cultivation
Authors: Pujiastuti Yulia , Irmawati  , Arsi Arsi , Probowati Sulistiyani Dwi
Published: November 2019

In the intercropping cultivation, pest problem becomes an important factor on reducing production. Control by using chemical insecticide should be done wisely otherwise there will be a negative effect to environment. An alternative strategy is by application of Bacillus thuringiensis-based bio-insecticide. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of the B. thuringiensis based bioinsecticide on the presence of Aphis gossypii and Coccinellid predators on intercropping cultivation (cucumber and long bean). Research was conducted in experimental field in Sriwijaya University Indralaya Campus South Sumatra, from June to August 2018. The research was arranged by Completely Randomized Blocked Design, with three treatments and 6 replications. The treatments were application of B. thuringiensis based-bioinsecticide, chemical insecticide and non-application of both. Treatments were done once a week as well as observation of A. gossypii and Coccinellid predators. Sampling method used was visual control, hand picking, pitfall trap, and insect net. The results showed four species of Coccinelid were identified i.e. Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Harmonia conformis, Verania discolor and Coccinella repanda. Population of Coccinellid predators was the highest at application of B. thuringiensis based bioinsecticide eventhough A. gossypii was also high. B. thuringiensis based-bioinsecticide was an ecofriendly way to control insect.
Application of Pectin Extracted from Cocoa Pod in the Production of Edible Film
Authors: Desniorita  , Nazir Novizar , Novelina  , Sayuti Kesuma , Jasril
Published: November 2019

Cocoa pod is lignocellulosic waste which contain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin and other compounds. Pectin is a polymer of D-galactaconic acid linked by an α-1,4 glycoside bond. Some carboxyl groups in pectin compounds undergo esterification with methyl (methylation) to methoxyl groups. This compound is referred to as pectinic acid or pectin. Pectin in cocoa pod can be produced by extraction. The purpose of this research is to know the physical and chemical characteristics of pectin-based edible film from cocoa pod. This research is conducted in two steps. The first stage is the extraction of pectin from cocoa pod, and the second stage is the process of making edible film. Pectin extraction was performed by using 5% citric acid. The extracted pectin will be made into an edible film using glycerol as plastisizer. The glycerol treatments are 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) at 5% significant level. The results showed that the addition of glycerol has significant effect on water content, thickness, color and water vapor transmission rate.
Smart Sensor for Monitoring Integrated Wastewater
Authors: Rusdianasari  , Jaksen  , Taqwa Ahmad , Wijarnako Yudi
Published: November 2019

The commonly used wastewater treatment technology is coagulation-flocculation. This method weakness is in high processing costs and large sludge volumes. The more effective alternative method is electrocoagulation. Electrocoagulation is a coagulation method using electric current through an electrochemical process. The working principle of electrocoagulation is the dissolution of anode metal (M+) which reacts to hydroxyl ion (OH-) to form coagulant. In this study, the treated integrated wastewater by electrocoagulation method using aluminium and stainless electrodes. This process was conducted in continuous where integrated wastewater was placed in electrochemical cells containing smart sensors. Parameters varied are smart sensor pH, total dissolved solid, total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and heavy metals (Fe and Pb). The optimum conditions for the aluminum and stainless steel electrodes are 12 volt voltage and 150 minute process time. The results show that pH decrease until 6.52, TDS 340 mg/L, BOD5 14,2 mg/L, COD 52 mg/L, PO4 1.884 mg/L and heavy metal contents Pb 0.009 mg/L and Fe 0.18 mg/L. The result of this research has fulfilled the environmental quality standard.
The Stability of Extract Indigofera tinctoria for Color Indicator
Authors: Putri PG , Warsiki E , Sugiarto
Published: November 2019

Color indicator was one of intelligent packaging that give information to the consumer based on color change. In the manufacture of color indicator.Indigoferatinctoria was used as a source of natural coloring agent.Indigoferatinctorialeafe contains indicanglucoside compound whith indigo color can be hydrolyzed with water to indoxyl which produce blue color. Natural dyes used as color indicator must have a certain stability that is influenced by certain factors such astemperature and pH. In the research extraction of indigo leaves was fermented for 24 hours. The extract was stored at different temperature levels at refrigerator (2 ± 2 °C), room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) and high temperature (40 °C). The effect of pH on the stability of indigo dye extract wascarried out by measuring the absorbance value at pH 1 to 14. The stability of the extract on temperature decreasewith the coefficient of determination of (R2= 0,99) by linear regression of y=0,026x+170 and the stability of extract to pH (R2=0,94) by the equator of y= 0,05x+0,016.
The effect of chitosan and bran fermentation on the weight of abdominal fat, blood cholesterol and local duck eggs
Authors: Sahara Eli , Sandi Sofia , Yossi Fitra
Published: November 2019

Duck eggs are one of the sources of animal protein from poultry. Duck animal products are known to contain fat and cholesterol higher than chicken eggs. This egg cholesterol can be suppressed by manipulating ration. Chitosan and bran have cholesterol binding properties. The purpose of this study was to get low cholesterol meat and eggs. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 2 ducks as the experimental unit. The treatments were R0 = 45% corn + 35% concentrate + 20% fermented bran, R1 = 45% corn + 35% concentrate + 20% fermented bran, R2 = 45% corn + 35% concentrate + 19.5% fermented bran + 0.5% chitosan and R3 = 45% corn + 35% concentrate + 17.5% fermented bran + 2.5% chitosan. The variables measured were abdominal fat, blood cholesterol and duck egg cholesterol. The data were processed using SAS Windows 16 program. The results showed that giving chitosan gave an average percentage of abdominal fat weight was not significantly different between treatments (P> 0.05) and R1 treatment significantly lowered the lowest duck blood cholesterol level (P <0.05) which was 2.9 (ml/dl). While the lowest egg cholesterol was shown by the treatment of R3 (2.78 mg/dg) compared to other treatments.
Synergistic effectivity of Mansoa alliacea and Allamanda cathartica leaf extracts controlling stem rot disease in peanut plant (Arachis hypogaea) at the greenhouse
Authors: Parwanayoni N M S , Suprapta D N , Khalimi K
Published: November 2019

Stem rot disease in peanut plants is one of the causes of the decline in peanut production in Indonesia. Control with vegetable pesticides is an alternative control to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides to support sustainable farming systems, preserve the environment and provide healthy food. Research aims to utilize synergistic Mansoa alliacea and Allamanda cathartica leaf extracts as alternative control of stem rot disease in peanut plants. The steps in the study include: making extracts, testing the formulation of a mixture of M. alliacea leaf extract and A. cathartica which is effective for controlling stem rot disease in peanut plants in greenhouses. The mixture formula of M. alliacea leaf extract and A. cathartica concentration of 2% (w/v) was effective in reducing the percentage of stem rot disease in peanut plants in greenhouses with productivity of pod weight higher than the control ie 1.07 tons / ha.
Agronomic effectiveness of biochar and fertilizer type in increasing the results of sweet corn
Authors: Situmeang Yohanes Parlindungan , Mahardika Ida Bagus Komang , Andriani Anak Agung Sagung Putri Risa
Published: November 2019

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of biochar from bamboo and coconut shell combined with compost and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of sweet corn. In this study, we used a randomized block design with factorial patterns consisting of two factors and 3 replications. The first factor is the treatment of biochar types (3 types), namely: without biochar, bamboo biochar, and coconut shell biochar. The second factor is the treatment of fertilizer types (4 types), namely: without fertilizer, compost, NPK, and compost+NPK. The results showed that the interaction of bamboo biochar with compost+NPK significantly increased the total fresh weight of the highest plant 297.97 g when compared to without biochar, compost, and NPK 184.63 g or increased by 61.38% with an agronomic effectiveness of 132.10%. Likewise, the coconut shell biochar interaction with compost+NPK significantly increased the highest total fresh weight of 295.83 g when compared to the lowest yield without biochar, compost and NPK 184.63 g with an increase of 60.23% and agronomic effectiveness of 103.76 %. The application of compost+NPK fertilizer treatment significantly gives the highest fresh weight of cob without husk 79.26 g increased by 51.54% when compared with the lowest yield on 52.30 g fertilizer without fertilizer. From the results of this study, biochar from bamboo and biochar from coconut shell combined with compost+NPK can be used to improve the yield of sweet corn.
Development of Partial Least Square (PLS) Prediction Model to Measure the Ripeness of Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) by Using NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Iqbal Zaqlul , Herodian Sam , Widodo Slamet
Published: November 2019

In order to develop a model for predicting the oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) ripeness, a rapid and non-destructive method such as NIR spectroscopy is utilized. This method has shown its capability to determine the quality of some crops by predicting their internal chemical contents. The objective of the research is to investigate the feasibility of NIR spectroscopy to predict water and oil content in FFB by developing a calibration model. Sixty samples of FFB were scanned by using NIRFlex N-500 spectrometer ranging from 1000 to 2500nm. Water and oil content of samples were measured after scanned. To develop a calibration model, Partial Least Square (PLS) Regression and pre-processing were conducted using Unscrambler X 10.3. The results showed that PLS performs well to establish a calibration model to predict water content using MSC pre-processing with r2, factor, RSMECV, and RPD are 0.93, 3, 5.24, and 2, respectively. On the other hand, PLS could not be used well for establishing oil content calibration model because the result did not meet statistic parameters. For laboratory measurement, the model could predict water content of FFB; but it was limited to samples taken from the same variety and plantation. However, NIR Spectroscopy proposed a promising method to detect the ripeness of oil palm FFB.
Analysis of consumer acceptance on instant uduk rice reviewed from variant taste
Authors: Purwidiani Niken , Suwardiah Dwi Kristiastuti , Irawati Yuyun
Published: November 2019

This study aims to analyze consumer acceptance of instant uduk rice products with flavor variants using shrimp, squid and chicken. The type of research was experimental with 100 respondents consisting of students and lecturers in Home Economics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Methods of data collection using observation by organoleptic test include preference on: colour, aroma, taste, texture, and liking on instant uduk rice product using questioner. Data analysis technique using SPSS 21.00 computer program that is by ANOVA test. The results of consumer assessment of uduk rice products to taste of shrimp, squid and chicken varieties showed a very significant value based on colour, aroma, taste, texture, and favourite level. It can be concluded that instant uduk rice in terms of flavour variants (shrimp, squid, and chicken) can be accepted by consumers where chicken flavour variant that is highly favoured by consumers.
Impact of Curing and Extraction Time on Yield and Quality of Base Gelatin from Goat Skin
Authors: Kusumawati Nita , Bahar Asrul , Sianita Maria Monica , Muslim Supari
Published: November 2019

The impact of curing and extraction time on yield and quality (water and ash content, gel and organolaptic properties) of the base gelatin from goat skin was investigated. The yield, water and ash content also gel strength of goat gelatin (GG) increased with increasing curing (10-50 days) and extraction time (4-5 hours). Higher water and ash content was observed with 30 days curing and 5 hours of extraction compared with the others conditions. In line with these, the higher gel strength was observed under the same conditions. The ash content of GG with 30 days curing and 5 hours extraction time increased by 0,26% compared to the GG with lower curing and extraction time. The Gel strength of all gelatins increased as the curing and extraction time of gelatin increased. To know the effect of curing and extraction time on gelatin organoleptic properties, ie color, has been analysed using Visible UV spectrophotometer. The results showed that there has been a detectable increase in color become darker along with increased curing and extraction time. Nevertheless, at higher extraction times (6 hours), the yield and quality of gelatin can not be analysed because the goat skin material has been destroyed. According to Indonesian Industrial Standard based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-3735-1995, it can be said that the best quality gelatin from goat skin was obtained from the manufacturing process using 30 days curing and 5 hours extraction time.
Grain Yield, Stability and Adaptability of 11 Prospective Genotypes Across 16 Multilocation Trials
Authors: Setyawan Budi , Suliansyah Irfan , Anwar Aswaldi , Swasti Etti
Published: November 2019

Maize breeding in Indonesia is not only directed to obtain new cultivars with high grain yield potential in arable soil with favourable weather but also must be able to adapt well to the alteration of agro-climatic condition throughout Indonesia. The objective of this study was to evaluate and filtering grain yield, adaptability and stability of 11 (eleven) new hybrid maize prospective genotypes conducted at 16 locations in 4 (four) provinces with the different agro-climatic condition. Eleven new hybrid maize prospective genotypes which consisted of 5 single cross hybrids and 6 three-way cross hybrids were evaluated for grain yield in this study. These 11 prospective genotypes were the outcome of a breeding program which began in 1997. As control cultivars, BISI 18 and Sukmaraga were selected. BISI 18 represented hybrid maize cultivars, especially single cross hybrids, while Sukmaraga represented open-pollinated maize cultivars. The result of this study showed that four prospective genotypes which performed better or equal with BISI 18, which were SSUSX48274, SSUSX06145, SSUSX76844 and SSUSX68849 can be released as new national superior varieties to compete with BISI 18 in maize production center of Indonesia.
Effect of Supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana Top Leaf Meal in the Diets to the Slaughter Weight and Carcass of Pegagan Ducks
Authors: Palupi Rizki , Lubis Fitri Novaliya , Syailendra Ego
Published: November 2019

This study was aimed at determining effect of supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal in the diets to the slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slice percentage of Pegagan ducks. The method used was Completely Randomized Design consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of R0, R1, R2, R3, and R4, that are rations with supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal of 0% (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%, respectively. Parameters observed were: slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slice percentage. The findings indicated that the supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal in the diets had not significantly (P>0.05) to slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slices of Pegagan ducks. The conclusion showed that the supplementation of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal up to 4% can be used in the diets, cause does not negative affect to slaughter weight, carcass percentage, and commercial carcass slices percentage of Pegagan ducks.
Floral structures affect on pollination events of sandalwood in four landraces along landscape gradients in Gunung Sewu, Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ratnaningrum YWN , Indrioko S , Setiahadi R , Lilianawati B
Published: November 2019

Sandalwood, one of the most economic-endangered species, was the origin to the south-eastern islands of Indonesia, but is recently existed as new landraces in several community forests in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Indonesia. All of landraces consisted of three floral variants (YBF, refers to “yellow big flower”; RBF, “red big flower”; and RSF, “red small flower”, respectively). Our previous findings reported differences on floral structures among variants. In this study we further analyzed these variants differences and its consequence on pollination events, among four landraces represented each geographical zone in Gunung Sewu Geopark, in the 2016 flowering periods. The flowering traits of each variant and landrace were measured. Floral visitors diversity, visitation rate and pollination behaviour were observed in each of population and floral variants. Results showed that flower abundance, visitor diversity and visitor abundance varied with sites but were similar among floral variants. Flowers abundance was strongly correlated to the pollinator visitation rate. Visitors diversity varied with sites due to the differences on flower abundance, environmental condition and altitude. The cooler and wetter site was visited more by Dipterans and Hymenopterans. The warmer, drier and lower sites were visited more by Lepidopterans and Dipterans. Sites with fewer flowers received less visitor diversity and abundance. Visitors preference to a given floral variant might be attributed to the differences on floral structures, sizes and colors. Lepidopterans belong to the moth groups (Arctiidae, Hesperiidae and Noctuiidae) preferred to visit the yellow flowers of YBF variant, while those belong to the butterflies groups (Papillionidae, Nymphalidae and Pieridae) preferred the red flowers of RBF and RSF. All six families of Hymenopterans preferred to visit the red flowers with bigger size, RBF. In contrast, all four families of Coleopterans, as well as the four families of Hemipterans, preferred the yellow flowers of YBF. All four families of Dipterans made similar visits to both RBF and YBF which have bigger flowers, while the visitation was less in RSF.
Evaluation of Pest Control Based on Morphological Character Variation on 20 Varieties and Genetic Variation Based on RAPD of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Indonesia
Authors: Ganies Aristya Riza , Permadani Cindy Gresyllia , Ariesta Christy , Larasati Bening , Kasiamdari Rina Sri , Prabowo Heri , Musthofa Arni , Fauzi Arif Muhammad
Published: November 2019

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the main crop of sugar and one of the main resources for consumption of Indonesian society. Government of Indonesia, which supports self-sufficiency targeting enough amount of sugar, high quality and low price in Indonesia. Indonesian Sweetener and Fibre Crops Research Institute (ISFRI) Malang are one of research site agriculture in Indonesia which specialize in sugarcane start from various researches to increase sugar cane production including sugarcane cultivation. Constraints that often encountered farmers in the process of sugarcane cultivation are a disruption of pest disease. Therefore, early prevention as an effort to control pests and diseases in sugarcane crops needed. Aims of this research were to find character of high quality sugar cane as a breeder of new varieties that are superior and resistant to pests and to analysis genetic variation of 20 varieties sugarcane based on RAPD molecular marker. This research was conducted in KP Karangploso, ISFRI Malang, East Java. The method used is observation and identification on germplasm of sugarcane; each variety was analysed descriptively and numerical phenetic with the similarity of simple matching coefficient (Ssm) and simple Jaccard coefficient (Sj). The character of each variety of germplasm had its own advantages. Genetic variation based on RAPD of 20 varieties shown taxonomical relation between varieties. The results showed that 20 varieties of characterized sugarcane morphology that expected tolerant of pest were in the upstream form of the cylindrical trunk segment, the moderate stem borders, the thick stem wick coat, the thick dorsal leaf hair, and the leaf exfoliate difficult. Variety of sugarcane number accession 475 SOFF 1208 shown the best pest tolerant morphologically and has the lowest percentage of pest attack to 0.29%. The result of ssm and sj shown that breeders suggested in the form of new varieties that are superior and resistant to pests according to most tolerant variety 475 SOFF 1208 are 350 SOFF 1082, 357 SOFF 1089, 360 SOFF 1092, 368 SOFF 1100, 454 SOFF 1186, 473 SOFF 1205, and 476 SOFF 1208.
Swot analysis of development of beef cattle – palm oil integration in Indonesia
Authors: Silalahi Firman RL , Rauf Abdul , Hanum Chairani , Siahaan Donald
Published: November 2019

Base on the estimation to meet the beef needs of Indonesian until 2020 is still imports, because it has not been self-sufficient. To meet the beef needs that continues to increase, one of the strategies undertaken was the development of integration of beef cattle – palm oil. In order to arrange the strategy of developing integration of beef cattle – palm oil that effective and efficient, it is necessary to identify the factors of strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat. The objective of this research is to identify factors of strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats in the development of integration of beef cattle – palm oil in Indonesia. The research method used is survey to locations of integration implementation in several provinces in Indonesia and literature study. This research have identified internal and external factors. Internal factors of strengths is availability of biomass from palm oil industry, availability of adaptive local cattle, and the availability of human resources of breeders. Internal factors of weakness is low productivity of local cattle, and mastery of feed making technology from palm oil biomass is still low. External factors of opportunities is meet the increasing need of beef, the capacity of the palm oil plantation area is still very large, and development of environmentally palm oil plantations. And external factors of threats t is the entry of imported beef is cheaper and more quality, and concern in damaging palm oil plantations.
Klassen Typology Approach for Analysis of the Role of Competitiveness Agricultural Sector
Authors: Katti Swb , Pratiwi D , Setiahadi R
Published: November 2019

In the era of globalization, the role of the agricultural sector in an area faced with the demand for increased productivity and efficiency in order to be competitive in the domestic and international markets. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of the agricultural sector in improving regional competitiveness. The method used is a Klassen Typology approach. Klassen Typology Approach used to identify the position of agriculture sector of Madiun District in increasing the competitiveness of the region by considering the economic sector of Jawa Timur province as the reference area. The results of the research expected to be recommendations for the formulation of policies undertaken by the local government. The role of the agricultural sector in the context of strengthening regional competitiveness expected to increase locally-generated revenue (PAD) as well as to support and encourage the development of other sectors, and increase regional and national economic growth as to increase income per capita society.
Sustainable practices: implementing bamboo cina conservation-based management in Ternate –North Maluku-Indonesia
Authors: Sidayat Mardiyani
Published: November 2019

Sustainable Practices: implementing bamboo cina conservation-based management In Ternate-North Maluku-Indonesia Bamboo plant is highly prospective as a basic row material whether for traditional uses or modern industries. Since centuries, a group of farmer in Ternate city of North Maluku defied tradition and planted bamboo for livelihoods. The type of bamboo has special characteristic which the culm of bamboo has brown spots which is similar to the kinds of leopard spots and/or locally known as bamboo cina. The research was conducted in Ternate-North Maluku-Indonesia. Data used were primary and secondary data. In this study we carry out a field research to assess some of agronomic sustainable practices applied by the local people and local wisdom which embedded within the community life. The study find out that agronomic practices applied by respondents are including planting (re-planting and propagation), Maintenance (weeding control and pruning), harvest (selective cutting and age of harvest). Meanwhile, description on existing local wisdom/knowledge that can maintain bamboo Cina conservation-based management are including agronomic knowledge and practices, cultural heritage (philosophy, story/legend, belief), sustainable livelihoods, and recognition of communal right.
Prediction of Surface Runoff and Erosion by Hydrological SWAT Model in Sumpur Watershed, West Sumatra
Authors: Edwin  , Saidi Amrizal , Aprisal  , Yulnafatmawita  , Ridwansyah Iwan
Published: November 2019

Sumpur Watershed is 15,478 hectares in West Sumatra Province is one of Watershed priority. Located of the slope of Mount. Merapi is a complex area with various type of landuse and flows to Techtronic Lake Singkarak. The purpose of the study are predict of surface runoff and erosion by hydrology model SWAT to find impact of land use change on hydrology response. Land use change in watershed in dominated by decreasing of paddy field area area in 10 years the forest is reduced by about 2672 Ha, while the agricultural field cover for 10 years increased by 2334 Ha. The decreasing of forest area is about 128 hectares. Impact of land use change the impact of this land change increases surface flow by 18.2 mm/year while the base flow becomes reduced by 17.6 mm/year. The land use change also increased loading sediment about 6.2 Ton/ha/years. Whereas the mudflow watershed flows to the lake Singkarak whose water is used for electricity generation.
Sustainability of Maize Farming in Grobogan, Central Java. Indonesia
Authors: Barokah Umi , Fajarningsih Rhina Uchyani , Rahayu Wiwit
Published: November 2019

Grobogan district is the center for maize cultivation in Central Java province with production contribution of 21.8% in 2016. The types of agricultural land in this district is moor and forest land (pesanggem), thus it is interesting to study the sustainability of maize farming in this location. Farmers are taking consideration of sustainability in terms of land, social, economy and agronomy for the next generation. This study aims to (1) describe maize farming implementation, (2) analyze maize farming sustainability and (3) formulate the efforts to improve maize cultivation sustainability in Grobogan district. Descriptive analysis Majewski Index and SWOT were applied to analyze the data. The results showed that (1) farmers tried to increase production by applying “siti methuk” cultivation technique, where farmers began planting again even though the maize had not been harvested (2) the order of priority for sustainability by farmers is the aspect of land - social - economic - agronomy. The average score of sustainability analysis with The Synthetic Farm Sustainability Index of Majewski is 51.15, (3) the alternative sustainable improvement of maize farming such as subsidies for the price of inputs, facilitation of land conservation infrastructure with deep wells, and seed price subsidies.
Adoption Determinants of Biofertilizer Technology for Soybean in Rainfed Area
Authors: Elisabeth Dian Adi Anggraeni , Mutmaidah Siti , Harsono Arief
Published: November 2019

The target of the Government of Indonesia (the GoI) for achieving soybean self-sufficiency in 2018-2020 makes some efforts for increasing soybean production requiring the increase of productivity, as well as harvest area, should be done. The rainfed area is an excellent potential for soybean cultivation area expansion in Indonesia. The area reaches 3.1 million ha in Indonesia with 413,000 ha are in South Sulawesi Province. It mostly does not use for soybean cultivation due to limited water availability. Cropping patterns in the rainfed area are paddy - fallow, paddy - corn, paddy - soybean, or paddy - mungbean depends on the water availability. The productivity of soybean in the rainfed area is around 1.5 t/ha, and it is expected to be increased in the range of 1.8-3.2 t/ha. Dissemination of biofertilizer technology for soybean in the rainfed area named “Biodetas” was conducted during the dry season of 2017 in Tompobulu Sub-district, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Components of “Biodetas” technology introduced include (1) the use of biofertilizer (Agrisoy), (2) the reducing of NPK fertilizer use, (3) the use of leaf fertilizer, as well as (4) the use of organic fertilizer. The dissemination scale was 40 ha then compared to 5 ha of the existing cultivation. Research aimed to determine factors affecting farmers to adopt the biofertilizer technology of “Biodetas”. Research used regression analyses using a binary logic model with the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 program. Variables used were farmers’ experience on soybean cultivation, formal education, the extent of soybean planting area, soybean production, income from soybean, rice, and other farming activities, as well as dummy variables for land ownership status, biofertilizer production inputs access, improved seed access, and higher production cost should be provided by farmers. The application of “Biodetas” was able to increase soybean yield to 2.7 t/ha, 71% higher compared to the existing technology that produced 1.6 t/ha soybean. It is economically feasible to be adopted by farmers with B/C ratio1.2. The determinant of technology adoption by farmers was the extent of the soybean planting area. The larger soybean planting area will accelerate the adoption of technology. It may be related to landowners’ economic capability to provide the necessary production inputs to obtain the optimal yield.
Livestock Occupational Extension of Farmers for Problems Solving Burning in Agricultural Zone: The Case Study of Mae Na Chon Sub-District, Mae Chaem District, Chiang Mai Province
Authors: Intaruccomporn Wallratat , Sreshthaputra Suraphol , Prapatigul Panuphan , Pinthukas Nathitakarn , Wongchai Anupong
Published: November 2019

Mae Chaem District, Chiang Mai Province is an agricultural zone and crop residues were burnt the most, especially in livestock and corn field area which later annually affected economics and society of Chiang Mai Province. This study was to support and to replace livestock occupation instead of corn plantation by using Participatory Action Research (PAR) with farmers from Mae NaChon Sub-Districts who voluntarily participated in this research until the end of the process. The study found that farmers needed livestock support including beef cattle, indigenous chicken, and fish. There are four actions: (1) co-brainstorming (2) co-planning (3) co-processing and (4) co-evaluation, which brought about six main activities: cattle breed support, basic knowledge lecture of livestock, corn husk fermentation as animal food, prototype farm project, basic accounting for farming, and building livestock farmer network in the area as motivation for farmer’s decision on area reduction or stopping corn plantation.
Physicochemical Characteristics Analysis of Biomass and Calorie Values of Several Types of Bamboo in Typologies of Altitude in Different Growing Sites
Authors: Aisman  , Nazir Novizar
Published: November 2019

Bamboo plants in West Sumatra spread from the lowlands to the highlands elevation with the varieties that are very diverse and their usefulness to the community is also very diverse. Some varieties of bamboo plants in the highlands of West Sumatra are currently used by the community as a source of energy (fuel) in the agricultural processing industry. The type of bamboo that is often used as fuel is betung and buluh. There are differences in the characteristics of biomass in the three types of bamboo plants that are important to be considered as a source of biomass. Type of Betung which is grown in the highlands has an average stem height of 15 meters with the number of stems per ha approximately between 60.968 – 76,800 stems. The aim of the study was to see the physiochemical characteristics of different types of bamboo in various typologies of elevation of growing site. There are variations in the physicochemical properties of bamboo at different varieties and at different elevations of growing sites.
Performance Comparison of 3 Kwp Solar Panels Between Fixed and Sun Tracking in Palembang - Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Hamdi BRD , Dewi Tresna , Rusdianasari
Published: November 2019

Photovoltaics or also called solar cell is a technology that can be used directly into electrical energy in DC currents. The voltage generated by solar cells on available solar radiation. Photovoltaic systems can be improved by several methods, one of which is by installing solar panels. The pattern is mounting with solar tracking system into a solution to increase energy efficiency. This paper is a case study to analyse and compare the performance of different photovoltaic systems in its mounting pattern. Analysis and comparison of the photovoltaic (PV) system consist of 3 KWp Fixed Mounting Photovoltaic and 3 KWp Sun Tracking Photovoltaic with the same type of silicon monocrystalline. The solar photovoltaic system is located in Plaju Palembang (South Sumatra, Indonesia) where the daily irradiation rate is 4.96 kWh / m2. To find out the power production rate, data collection is done for three months in December 2017, January 2018 and February 2018. During the rainy season like December 2017, Fixed Installation of Photovoltaics has greater than 0.4% Sun Tracker Photovoltaic. In the dry season, Sun Tracker Photovoltaic has 0.5% greater interference than Photovoltaic Fixed Mounting. The maximum efficiency in Photovoltaic Fixed Installation is 12.4%, while the maximum efficiency of Sun Tracker photovoltaic is 13%.
General issues of assessing the reliability of roads
Authors: Bazhanov A P
Published: November 2019

The article describes the reasons for the interest in the problem of ensuring the reliability of roads, which consists in the fact that the maintenance of life safety of the population, material values and social conditions depend on their uninterrupted functioning. The author outlines a modern approach to the analysis of the state of the road pavement in terms of the rate (risk) of destruction and the actual duration of its service. The work substantiates the close connection between the failure of a road and the loss of working capacity or any of its structural elements (roadbed, pavement, road surface) failure. The necessity of improving the method of assessing the safety margin of the integrated ‘pavement - roadbed’ construction is associated with ensuring the reliability of this design, i.e. in terms of the occurrence of its failures. The problems of ensuring the operational reliability of the main structural elements of the road: the roadbed and pavement covering a wide range of issues. This should extend from the application of the theory of reliability and mathematical statistics to analyzing the influence of climatic and operating conditions on the work of the roadbed, improving the assessment of pavement, quality control of materials and justification of rational technology of work. It is shown that for the use in the design process of roads during the development of their pre-design, design and working documentation the authors proposed in this paper a probabilistic-statistical approach to assessing the reliability of roads and the risk of destruction of their pavement over time during road maintenance. This will contribute significantly to adjustment of these indicators in the direction of their improvement.
Analysis of road safety assessment methods
Authors: Pulyanova K V , Voevodin E S , Fadeev A I , Fomin E V , Askhabov A M , Kashura A S
Published: November 2019

This article analyzes advantages and disadvantages of the methods approved at the legislative level and methods developed by various researchers. To identify advantages and disadvantages of each method, an experiment were carried out. During the experiment, safety of the 796 km section of the federal road R255 was assessed. Based on the analysis, all the methods were divided into three large groups: statistical methods, probabilistic methods, and methods based on the analysis of car movement on the road section under consideration. All the accident analysis methods applied in Russia and approved at the legislative level assess road safety when the accident has already occurred, i.e. post-factum. In this regard, it is relevant to identify patterns between the characteristics of the road section, vehicle movement parameters and road accident probability. Using these patterns, road safety can be improved.