bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF : MENGUNGKAP PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Linlin Linlin Sabiqa Awwalina
Published: August 2024

Advances in technology and information in the 21st century, known as progress 4.0, have indirectly changed human perspectives and thought patterns towards digitalization. Education seeks to shape humans into perfection, who master religious values ??and implement them in life. In fact, education today must be carefully scrutinized so that learning objectives can be achieved optimally. The involvement of students in the learning process determines the achievement of learning objectives, so teachers must encourage students with the various methods used so that the material can be easily absorbed by students. The method used in this research is literature study, where the researcher collects material sourced from books, journals and other references that are relevant to the subject matter and then analyzed from various points of view which allows the creation of new understanding in accordance with the research. The results obtained in this research are that the strategy for involving students to be active in the learning process is by providing motivation both personally and in groups which is implemented into learning styles and learning models so that students can first understand the material that will be discussed. With cooperative learning, the communication carried out not only hones intellectual abilities but also creates better emotional intelligence in a study group.
LANDASAN EPISTEMOLOGI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PAI PADA MATA PELAJARAN AKIDAH MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Unil Ilma Miska
Published: August 2024

The development of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum is essential in addressing contemporary needs and challenges, both from within the education system and external influences, such as new understandings that might alter religious perspectives in Indonesia. This research specifically examines the Aqidah Akhlak (Faith and Ethics) component within the PAI curriculum at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Islamic elementary schools), focusing on its epistemological foundations. The study aims to explore how these foundations can effectively shape students' attitudes and characters as religious individuals and societal members. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative methodology with a library study approach, data were collected from various literature sources, including the Minister of Religious Affairs Decree No. 183 of 2019 on the PAI Curriculum. The research design involved analyzing this data to understand the theoretical framework and practical implications. Key findings suggest that a robust understanding of the epistemological foundations in Aqidah Akhlak teaching is crucial for achieving the educational goals set by the curriculum. This understanding helps in selecting appropriate teaching materials, methodologies, and ensuring that the curriculum remains responsive to contemporary challenges. The study's implications underscore the importance of epistemological foundations in enhancing the effectiveness of Aqidah Akhlak education at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.
Bibliometric Analysis of Higher Order Thinking in 2012-2021
Authors: Nainggolan Icha Ananda
Published: August 2024

Currently, we are in a new era, namely the era of digital industrialization. Almost all  needs from human are based on digital and internet. Therefore, in a world that is constantly changing, teachers in schools must train student’s HOTS so that they are trained solving problems. The goal of this research to analyze information about HOTS publications, author productivity levels, country, keywords, and citations from higher order thinking skills article in 2012-2021. Data collection is done using Publish of Perish (POP). Researcher use google scholar as a data source. Data from POP then analyzed using VOS Viewer software and other map visualizations that do not appear in VOSviewer were explored and analyzed manually. The results showed that the most productive writer was Retnowati, H with 11 publications, keyword visualization resulted in 8 clusters, the highest publication was in 2019 with a percentage of 22.12%, the most cited articles were articles with the title “Teaching to Test or Testing to Teach : Exams Requiring Higher Order Thinking Skills Encourage Greater Conceptual Understanding”  written by JL Jensen, MA McDaniel, SM Woodard was cited 301 times and the country with the highest number of documents was occupied by Indonesia with 694 documents
Research Trends in Mobile Learning: A Systematic Literature Review From 2011-2021
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Afrizal Afrizal
Published: August 2024

As of late, coordinating innovation into schooling keeps on standing out alongside the fast development of information and communication technology. In the writing survey, mobile learning is a learning idea that underscores the learning system with cell phones without relying upon the actual area of learning. This review means to give an exhaustive perspective on the past writing and some potential headings for scientists and instructors for additional mobile learning research. A sum of 45 papers was chosen from the ERIC database. Utilization of the term mobile learning in the title, research strategies, number of authors, major contributing nations, most useful diaries, and cell phones utilized in portable learning are investigated. The outcomes show that exploration of mobile learning has kept on getting consideration from specialists somewhat recently. Among the distributions explored, every one of the 40 articles contained the term mobile learning in the title and dynamic. As of recently, quantitative techniques are more regularly taken on in mobile learning research than quantitative strategies, blended techniques, and research and development (RnD) strategies. When arranged by country, Turkey has the most elevated commitment contrasted with different nations in this field, followed by Indonesia, South Africa, Malaysia, Thailand, China, and Spain. The greater part of the papers distributed in mobile learning research has four authors. In light of the number of articles distributed in mobile learning, Canadian Center of Science and Education, South African Journal of Education, and International Journal of Education and Development utilizing information and communication turned into the most useful diaries in this exploration. The most generally involved cellular phones in this review are cellular phones and tablets
The Effect of Augmented Reality on Students' Motivation and Spatial Ability: A Literature Review from 2016-2020
Authors: Silvi Ika
Published: August 2024

Student motivation in learning is one of the most important things during the learning process, lack of motivation makes students lazy and unmotivated during the learning process. On the other hand, with increased motivation, students will hone their ability to understand, remember and communicate the subject matter they get during the learning process or what is called spatial ability. The application of Augmented Reality in the learning process is expected to build students' motivation and spatial abilities. The development of technology is expected to make the learning process more interactive and communicative. In this literature review analysis, we will discuss the contribution of Augmented Reality to increasing students' motivation and spatial abilities during the learning process. twenty articles downloaded from springer database from 2016-2020. based on this literature review, the application of Augmented Reality to strengthen students' motivation and spatial abilities during the learning proces
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A Systematic Review of Learning Media Research Trends From 2011 to 2021
Authors: Zahroni Siti
Published: August 2024

Several literature review studies analyze trends in using digital learning media in educational process. This goes hand in hand, with the development of ICT in all areas of life. In the literature, learning media by teachers have an important role in the learning and education process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the published literature on learning media through a systematic literature review. A total of 135 articles have been selected for review and analysis from the Springer database published from 2011 to 2021 or the last 10 years. This study analyzes the distribution frequency of publications by year, the number of authors in publication, the top journals with the highest number of articles, and the most productive countries in learning media research. The results of the study show that learning media has become a concern of researchers in the last decade, where taking into account the annual volume of Learning Media research, the results of the analysis show that the number of articles tends to fluctuate with the peak of publication in 2021, that is 123 articles. The largest percentage in the number of authors was recorded in articles with 3 authors, that is 31.11% or 42 articles. In the analysis of the top 10 publishers, the largest percentage was in articles published by Technology, Knowledge and Learning with 26 articles or 21.13%, then TechTrends, and Educational Technology Research and Development which seemed to be the journals with the most articles published. In addition, if sorted by country, the United States has the highest contribution and followed by Turkey, Taiwan, Spain, Sweden compared to other countries in learning media research around the world
Analysis of Children's Language Skills and Number Concepts through Technology in the Digital Era
Authors: Rosalianisa Resi , Purwoko Budi , Nurcahyati Nur , Subrata Heru
Published: August 2024

Language is one of the elements behind the development of aspects of development that occur in early childhood, as well as a tool or means to communicate with other people and the environment. To develop and stimulate children's language development, they can carry out activities such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing, as well as saying and counting number symbols with digital-era devices. This study aims to describe language skills and recognize the concept of numbers in early childhood through technology. This research method is a literature study or review with a qualitative approach that collects data or is based on scientific writing, combining research with existing literature to solve problems. Collecting library data includes reading, storing, and managing research and concluding research materials. The research results show that developing language skills and recognizing numbers in early childhood requires listening, speaking, reading and writing, and calling and counting number symbols through technology.
 
Keywords: language ability; number concept; technology
Representations of children 5-6 years old about electric current: a qualitative approach
Authors: Ravanis Konstantinos , Timpili Dimitra , Kaliampos George
Published: August 2024

The present study aimed to investigate the mental representations of 5–6-year-old children about electric current. The research was qualitative in nature and was conducted using semi-directed individual interviews along three directions: An initial approach to children's mental representations regarding the presence of electric current in familiar environments, the place of its generation as well as the transport of it to houses. The findings showed that children tend to deal with the topic intuitively, mainly relying on their individual experiences. In addition, the findings revealed that despite the difficulties they face, young children have already formed some naïve mental representations about electric current. These results are part of a broader field of findings in the area of Early Childhood Education that studies the development of young children's thinking about natural phenomena and physical science concepts.
Online Collaborative Learning Platforms in Science: Their Influence on Attitude, Achievement, and Experiences
Authors: Gonzales Glitzy Hart A. , Despe Kimberly B. , Iway Larabel J. , Genon Robie Jane S. , Intano Jerel O. , Sanchez Joze Mar P.
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the influence of online collaborative learning platforms on students’ attitudes, achievements, and experiences. Through a mixed-methods research approach, 100 students from public and private higher education institutes pursuing a Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Science responded to the online survey. At the same time, ten of them participated in the online interviews. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests for independent samples, simple linear regression, and thematic analysis. Study findings revealed that the students were generally satisfied (µ=4.08) with the collaborative learning platforms, had positive attitudes toward Science (µ=4.10), and got outstanding Science achievement (µ=1.85). The students from public and private universities were comparable in terms of the use of collaborative learning platforms (p=.302) and students’ satisfaction (p=.868), science attitudes (p=.830), and achievement (p=.158). Moreover, the students were challenged due to unequal participation, different perspectives, and lack of communication and self-confidence. Nevertheless, they also experienced opportunities such as developing social and higher-order thinking skills and values inculcation. In conclusion, collaborative learning platforms have helped and challenged students in learning science.
Adopting and Implementing Collaborative Invitation, Exploration, Proposing-Explanation and Taking-action (CIEPT) Instructional Approach and Students’ Academic Performance in Chemistry
Authors: Ajayi Victor Oluwatosin , Tanko Christina Audu
Published: August 2024

The study was on the adoption of the Collaborative Invitation, Exploration, Proposing-Explanation, and Taking action (CIEPT) instructional approach to design chemistry lesson plans and investigating if the implementation the of CIEPT instructional approach in chemistry classrooms could improve students’ academic performance. A pretest, posttest, control group, and quasi-experimental research design was adopted in this study. The instrument used for data collection was the Chemistry Academic Performance Test (CAPT). CAPT was adopted from the West African Examination Council (WAEC) past examination question papers of 2005-2022. Kuder-Richardson (KR-21) formula was used to test the internal consistency of CAPT which yielded a reliability value of 0.91. A sample of 152 students was purposively sampled from 4 schools out of 47 schools in the study area. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The research questions were answered using Mean and Standard Deviation scores while the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using results from Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The study revealed that there is a significant difference between the mean academic performance of students taught Chemistry using CIEPT and the discussion method of teaching [F1, 151=111.210, p<0.05]. It was found that no significant difference between the mean academic performance of male and female students taught Chemistry using the CIEPT approach [F1, 78 =.420, P>0.05]. It was recommended among others that since the CIEPT approach was found to be an effective approach for improving students’ academic performance irrespective of gender; Chemistry teacher’s trainee and serving teachers should be trained on how to adopt and use the CIEPT approach.
Implementation of Computer Vision for Efficient Attendance and School Uniform Checking System
Authors: Maulana Faris , Sinaga M. Ali Akbar , Rizal Hairul , Mahendra Bella Nideni , Anggraini Lita , Amartiwi Utih
Published: August 2024

Managing school administrative tasks can consume substantial time and effort. Every semester, teachers find themselves occupied in repetitive manual tasks such as attendance tracking, disciplinary documentation, and assignment grading. These sometimes could take longer time than preparation for teaching. In this research, we proposed an Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach to handle this problem. In the era of Industry 4.0, AI has been managed to be personal assistance and do human repetitive tasks efficiently. However, the implementation of AI in Indonesia especially for educational institutions is still rare. Therefore, we have developed an innovative AI-driven attendance and uniform detection system by implementing computer vision models. Computer vision is a field of AI that equips machines with the ability to interpret and understand visual information from images and videos, enabling them to classify images and detect objects. The results show that computer vision has successfully facilitated swift and accurate detections for this task. We have also incorporated a timestamp to provide information about the time when students arrive at school. Subsequently, all the recorded data will be saved and organized within the school’s database. As a result, teachers are liberated from the tedium of manual data entry and can redirect their efforts toward pedagogical materials and instructional strategies.
Comic Strip Media as An Innovative Media for Adab Learning
Authors: Sigit Sigit Dwi Laksana , Arif Zainal , Ariyanto Ayok , Saputro Anip Dwi
Published: August 2024

One picture is worth a thousand words (one picture is worth a thousand words). This sentence is very well addressed in comic media. The existence of comics which is increasing rapidly must be the center of attention for educators, especially educators at the elementary school level, in this case, tertiary institutions. Scenes shown in comic books often display behavior that students should not emulate and sometimes parents and lecturers don't pay much attention. Problems like this if left unchecked can make the next generation of the nation have dishonorable behavior. Looking at these problems, the world of education began to look at the comic media. Comic media began to be developed in the world of education, actually comics in the world of education is not a new thing, a psychologist who is well-known for behavioristic theory Edward Lee Thorndike has conducted research on comics that students who read more comics for example in a month at least one comic book, then it's the same as reading textbooks every year, this has an impact on students' reading abilities and vocabulary mastery far more than students who don't like comics. Comic strip media is different from existing comics in that the storylines in comics are made as attractive as possible by raising themes or subject matter in elementary schools. The existence of Media Comic Strip media is expected to be an innovative media that can be used as an alternative media to overcome students who have learning difficulties, especially in terms of interest and understanding of the material
Analysis of the Studies Examining the Effect of Argumentation-Based Learning Implementation in Science Education
Authors: Tüysüz Cengiz , Somuncu Halil
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to analyze the studies investigating the effect of argumentation-based learning methods on students’ academic achievement in science education in Turkey and present them in a unity. For this purpose, the document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The study included 68 master’s theses, 22 doctoral dissertations and 36 articles from the studies conducted on the subject in Turkey between 2007 and 2022. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the most studies were conducted in 2019, the studies were mostly in the field of science, quasi-experimental designs were mostly used in these studies, achievement tests and attitude scales were mostly used to collect data, and the studies were mostly conducted at the secondary school level.
Modified Inverted CSRR and Stepped Impedance Stub based Bandstop Filter with wide passband
Authors: Mandal A. , Moyra T. , Kumar Deb P.
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a compact bandstop filter (BSF) with a wide passband range (0.1 GHz – 3.7 GHz) and low insertion loss in microstrip technology. The design includes two modified inverted complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) etched from the bottom plane and L-shaped defected structures along with two stepped impedance stubs placed symmetrically in the top plane. The stop rejected filter has a center frequency of 5.35 GHz which attenuates the signal in the C-band with a fractional bandwidth of 44 %. The designed filter has a circuit size of 0.08 lamda g square with a maximum insertion loss of 0.3 dB. The lumped equivalent circuit of the presented filter has been derived and the proposed fabricated BSF structure has also been validated finally with experimental results. This filter is applicable for ISM band (5250 MHz – 5350 MHz) and Wi-Max (2300 MHz – 2500 MHz) applications.
Silkworm Pupae Meal: A Breakthrough for Conventional Poultry Feed
Authors: Tamuly Bipanchi , Manimegalai S. , Chitra P. , Priyadharshini P. , Baranidharan K.
Published: August 2024

The growing demand for cost-effective and sustainable poultry feed has spurred interest in alternative protein sources. This review explores the potential of silkworm pupae meal (SWPM) as a viable substitute for conventional protein sources such as soyabean and fish meal in poultry diets. Silkworm pupae, a by-product of the silk industry, are rich in crude protein (up to 80% in defatted meal) and essential amino acids, particularly lysine and methionine. These nutritional attributes, along with a high content of fatty acids, make SWPM an attractive ingredient for poultry feed. The paper discusses the environmental benefits of using silkworm pupae, which include reducing waste and mitigating the ecological impact of traditional feed ingredients. Additionally, the incorporation of SWPM in poultry diets has been shown to improve nutrient digestibility, feeding preferences, and gut health in chickens. This review highlights the promise of silkworm pupae meal as a sustainable and economical alternative in the poultry feed industry, offering a potential solution to the challenges of rising feed costs and environmental sustainability. Replacing the traditional protein sources such as soyabean meal & fish meal with silkworm pupae meal may break a chain of increasing feed costs and make a sustainable change towards a cost-effective feed. In this arena, silkworm pupae meal is a high-nutritional-value protein rich animal feed component, exceeding up to 50% crude protein content to over 80% at times. It contains methionine, lysine, chitin, and insoluble protein, possibly indicating fibre. Researchers have investigated in many ways how the use of full-fat and defatted silkworm pupae meal in chicken feed affects nutrient digestibility, feeding preferences and gut bacteria, with the aim of potentially substituting it for traditional protein sources in poultry diets.
Sugarcane Production in Kenya
Authors: Tiema Cleopa , Ochung Angeline , Omwoma Solomon
Published: August 2024

Kenya envisioned that by 2030 it would have improved citizen livelihood through agricultural industrialization. Some challenges exist in achieving this goal, especially the effects of climate change and technology transfer. Sugarcane production, for instance, has been elusive with several factories in Kenya experiencing losses. In this work, we explore the sugarcane value chain in Kenya compared to other sugarcane-growing regions that have recorded profits from the sugarcane industry. The production matrix of sugarcane in Kenya is approximately 8.7 million metric tons per year. Out of which, approximately 690,000 metric tons of sugar is generated. The remaining biomass is majorly wasted. Major sugar factories in the world earn their profits from this remaining biomass. Kenya needs to impress technology transfer and convert this waste into profitable products.
Forecasting of Organic Sorghum Production and Productivity in Chhattisgarh, India: The Box-jenkins Approach
Authors: Chandra Ram Prasad , Sahu Bhagawat Prasad
Published: August 2024

Chhattisgarh has taken important steps towards promoting millets cultivation and improving the livelihood of farmers. To increase millets production in Chhattisgarh, the state government launched the Millet Mission in September 2021. This mission has been started with a view to make Chhattisgarh the ‘millet hub of India’. The study focused on forecasting sorghum crops in Chhattisgarh, India, using historical data on the cultivated area, production, and yield of sorghum crops. The time series data was collected from 2001 to 2023, and analysis of the study was carried out using path analysis and Box Jenkins ARIMA model; and among various 20 models the best and suitable ARIMA (2, 1, 2), (3, 1, 3), and (2, 1, 2) model was selected based on AIC, BIC, MAPE, RMSE, MAE. With the help of the selected appropriate model, the area, production and yield of sorghum cultivation in Chhattisgarh was forecasted for the year 2024 to 2030. But marvellous, stochastic and fluctuating trend was observed in sorghum production and yield over the forecast period.
New Approach in Stochastic Frontier Analysis Estimation for Addressing Joint Assumption Violation of Heteroscedasticity and Multicollinearity
Authors: Rauf Rauf I. , Olusegun Alabi O. , Hamidu Bello A. , Kikelomo Bodunwa O. , Kayode Ayinde
Published: August 2024

Efficiency analysis in production units has long been a key area of interest in economics, particularly with the development of methodologies like Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Originating from seminal works by Aigner & Cain (1977) and Meeusen & Van Den Broeck (1977), SFA has been instrumental in assessing the efficiency of entities by separating technical inefficiency from random production fluctuations. Despite its widespread application, the SFA model faces challenges, especially when underlying assumptions such as multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity are violated. This study introduces a novel estimator called "Weighted Principal Component Analysis Estimation for Stochastic Frontier Analysis" (WPCA-SFA), which combines the methodologies of weighted least square estimation (WLS) and principal component analysis (PCA) to jointly address these assumption violations. Monte Carlo simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimator. The results demonstrate that the WPCA-SFA estimator significantly outperforms the standard SFA model by effectively mitigating the adverse effects of both heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. Based on the findings, the study recommend that researchers and practitioners in the field of efficiency analysis consider employing the WPCA-SFA estimator, particularly in scenarios where multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity are likely to compromise the accuracy of parameter estimations. Neglecting these issues can lead to suboptimal results, whereas the WPCA-SFA has proven to provide more reliable and accurate predictions. This advanced correction methodology should be adopted to enhance the robustness of empirical analyses in stochastic frontier models.
A Comparative Analysis of Traditional versus Agile Project Management Methodologies on IT Project Outcomes
Authors: Ogirri Kenneth O , Idugie Itohan Jacqueline
Published: August 2024

Agile project management approaches have gained popularity over the last two decades for managing IT projects. However, there remains an ongoing debate on which approach, agile or traditional plan-driven, yields more successful projects in terms of on-time and on-budget delivery, customer satisfaction, and team engagement. This study consolidates quantitative data from over 50 sources, encompassing over 1,250 IT projects implementing traditional waterfall or agile methodologies like Scrum and Kanban. The results show that agile approaches resulted in a 21% higher rate of project success compared to traditional methods. Projects using agile exhibited a 20% increase in customer satisfaction ratings as measured by Net Promoter Scores. Team members engaged in various agile projects reported higher motivation, empowerment, and better work-life balance compared to traditional projects. Statistical analysis found these differences were very unlikely to occur by chance the iterative nature of agile, its emphasis on continuous customer feedback, and autonomous team structure provide more flexibility to evolving IT projects. Traditional plan-driven methods remain effective for large, complex infrastructure projects requiring extensive pre-planning.
Navigating the Threat: Invasive Insect Pests and Their Impact on Indian Agriculture
Authors: S. M Kishore , K.M Sujith , K. S Shalini , S.M Bharthisha
Published: August 2024

Globalization has accelerated the movement of goods and planting materials, increasing the risk of invasive alien pests entering India. These pests, which include species like the Fall armyworm, spiraling white fly and Tomato Pinworm, are serious risks to agriculture, human health, and ecosystems. The introduction of these pests frequently causes significant economic damage through crop loss and demands the overuse of chemical insecticides, which harms humans and reduces natural predators and pollinators. India's diverse environment encourages the spread of these alien insects, with 23 invasive species identified to yet. This review focusses on the characteristics that make these insects invasive, their common entry points, and the establishing process. Effective management practices are critical for mitigating their impact. Strict adherence to import laws, international cooperation, and early detection and identification at entrance points are critical methods for preventing the spread of these pests.
Conclusion: The growing threat of invasive pests to Indian agriculture underscores the urgent need for proactive and comprehensive management strategies. Effective management requires a multifaceted approach, including strict enforcement of import regulations, early detection and rapid response at entry points, and the adoption of sustainable control measures like biological management.
Effect of Zinc Application on Growth, Yield and Economics of Dual-Purpose Oats (Avena sativa L.) under North Eastern Region of India
Authors: Devi Priyanka , Saikia Rahul , Sharma Karuna Kanta , Sutradhar Pranjit , Gogoi Bhabesh , Neog Seuji Bora , Panging Mamoni
Published: August 2024

Aim: A field experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the effect of zinc application on growth, yield and economics of dual-purpose oats.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 12 treatments and three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at the Instructional-cum-Research (ICR) Farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam during the rabi season of 2021 – 2022.
Methodology: The experiment was conducted with the crop variety ‘Kent’. The crop was harvested at 60 and 120 days after sowing (DAS) to obtain green fodder, grain and straw, respectively. Zinc was applied along with recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) as basal (5 kg ha-1, 7.5 kg ha-1 and 10 kg ha-1), as foliar spray (0.5%, 0.75% at 30 DAS and 75 DAS) and in combination of basal and foliar. The study of growth parameters was conducted at 60, 90 and 120 DAS. The influence of zinc on green fodder was observed at 60 DAS and at 120 DAS for grain and straw yield.
Results: The experiment resulted a significant improvement in plant growth parameters viz. plant height (69.59 cm, 44.58 cm, 79.33 cm), number of tillers per meter square (377.61, 450.61, 589.07), periodic dry matter accumulation (28.35 g plant-1, 18.70 g plant-1, 37.94 g plant-1) and yield including green fodder yield (75.01 q ha-1), dry matter yield (28.83 q ha-1), grain yield (22.96 q ha-1) and straw yield (60.84 q ha-1) with combined application of 7.5 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 and two foliar sprays of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 30 and 75 DAS along with recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (T11). The same treatment recorded highest gross return (Rs. 32,980 ha-1), net return (Rs. 65,558 ha-1) and benefit-cots ratio (2.99).
Conclusion: The application of zinc was beneficial in enhancing growth and yield of the crop in   zinc deficient soil of Northeastern Region with subsequent increase in net return and benefit-cost ratio. Thus, widening the scope for conducting future research to eliminate fodder deficits of the region.
Impact of Novel Insecticides in Mulberry Ecosystem and Its Residual Effect on Silkworm Growth & Productivity
Authors: Hazarika Sanjay , Jekinakatti Basanagouda , Bharathi B Karthick Mani , Charitha Kurru , G H Shruthi , Harika Kama Ramya , R Kishan Kumar , Rahman Tanvi
Published: August 2024

Growing silkworms for the purpose of producing silk is a very old method that dates back thousands of years. Because they are restricted to consuming mulberry leaves, the exploited species of mulberry silkworm, scientifically known as Bombyx mori L., is used to produce silk. Nevertheless, a number of environmental elements including the existence of pests in the mulberry ecosystem which is kept under check by pesticides and they have a substantial impact on the growth and productivity of the mulberry silkworm. Insecticides have been specifically selected with appropriate dosages as a means of controlling all the pests in mulberry ecosystem. The administration of these pesticides raises concerns about possible negative impacts on the environment and non-target insects which includes the mulberry silkworm itself regardless of whether they efficiently manage pests. A balanced approach must be maintained between increasing productivity and reducing environmental effect when raising mulberry silkworms for the manufacture of silk. Insecticides are essential for controlling pests but because of their possible impacts on mulberry silkworms and the entire ecosystem, sustainable sericulture cultivation requires diligent preparation and coordinated techniques. Farmers may protect the mulberry silkworm's health and encourage sustainable silk production for future generations by carefully using appropriate insecticides and looking into alternative pest management techniques. This review addresses both the ecological and sericultural aspects of the impact of pesticides and their subsequent effects on mulberry silkworms growth and productivity.
A Case Report on Rheumatic Heart Disease
Authors: Akshatha  , Raju Greeshma , Vinod Vibitha , Babu Sara , Sunny Angel , D Nagarjuna , Meghasri RS
Published: August 2024

Background: Rheumatic heart disease is caused secondary to rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever, a systemic immune response to a beta-hemolytic streptococcal throat infection, remains a significant health issue in developing countries.
Clinical Findings: This is a case report of Rheumatic heart disease in which a 19-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with chief complaints of cough with expectoration for 3 months (sputum of minimal quantity, white to yellowish in colour), bilateral lower limb swelling and joint pains for 2 months insidious in onset gradually progressive in nature. She did not have any comorbidities. So, based on her signs and symptoms the physician has advised her for CBC, 2D Echo, ECG, C3 & C4 test, chest X-ray, urine routine & analysis, thyroid profile, anti-nuclear antibody test (ANA) and ASLO (antistreptolysin) test. In which her hemoglobin, RBC, WBC and platelets levels were abnormal. Chest X-ray shown presence of cardiomegaly, Urine routine & Analysis shown 4-5 pus cells and 1-2 epithelial cells are seen/hpf. 2D echo shown Dilated chamber, Global LV dysfunction EF- 40%, MVP severe MR: PML (posterior mitral leaflet) calcified, Moderate Aortic regurgitation (AR), Inferior vena cava dilated. ECG shown sinus rhythm, T wave inversion on V1-V3. ASLO test was 549.5 mg/dL which confirms recent streptococcal infection.
Management: The treatment was initiated with Antibiotics, Proton pump inhibitors, Antiemetics, Diuretics, Anti-hypertensive, Corticosteroids and NSAID’s etc.
Outcome: Therefore Rheumatic heart disease can be prevented by preventing streptococcal infections or treating them with Antibiotics when they occur.
Efficacy of Trichoderma viride and Leaf Extracts against Southern Corn Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis) of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Priyanka  , Lal Abhilasha A.
Published: August 2024

Southern corn leaf blight is one of the most serious disease-causing damage in entire country, the disease caused by Bipolaris maydis by producing lengthy, cigar structured ovoid and greyish lesions on lower leaf parts. The present investigation on “Evaluation of Trichoderma viride and leaf extracts on southern corn leaf blight (B. maydis) of maize (Zea mays L.)” was carried out at seven treatments were tested under field condition namely  T. viride @ 5g/kg (ST) + Neem leaf extract @ 10% (FS), T.viride @ 5g/kg (ST) + Eucalyptus leaf extract @ 10% (FS), T. viride @ 5g/kg (ST) +Lantana camara @ 10% (FS) T.viride @ 5g/kg (ST) + Datura leaf extract @ 10% (FS), T. viride @5g/kg (ST) + Ashwagandha leaf extract @ 10% (FS), Propiconazole 25 EC @ 0.1%and untreated control in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Among all the treatments T. viride @ 5g/kg (ST) + Datura leaf extract @ 10% (FS)  recorded minimum % disease intensity (25.2%) followed by T. viride @ 5g/kg (ST) + Neem leaf extract @ 10% (FS)  (29.96%) , T.viride @ 5g/kg (ST) + Ashwagandha leaf extract @ 10% (FS) (31.24%), T. viride @ 5g/kg (ST) + Eucalyptus leaf extract @ 10% (FS) (34.62%), T. viride @ 5g/kg (ST) +Lantana camara @ 10% (FS) (38.14%) as compare to treated   Propiconazole 25 EC @ 0.1% (23.4%) and untreated control (41.52%). T. viride + Datura leaf extract recorded significantly maximum plant height (168.54cm), number of leaves (21.33), cob length (18.46cm) and yield (38q/ha). Maximum cost benefit ratio was recorded in T. viride + Datura leaf extract (1:2.3) followed by T. viride + Neem leaf extract (1:2.2) as compared to treated check Propiconazole 25 EC (1:2.8) and untreated Control (1:1.7).
A Holistic Study of Livestock Dynamics and Dairy Trade in India
Authors: Rebasiddanavar Revappa M. , Guledagudda S. S. , Relekar Swati Prakash
Published: August 2024

Livestock provides livelihood to two-third of rural masses and employs about 8.8 per cent population of India. While dairying alone ensures the livelihood for 70 million farm families. The present study is based on secondary data and the analytic techniques like compound growth rate analysis (CAGR), Cuddy-Della Valle Index (CDVI), coefficient of variation (CV), percentages, averages were used to analyse the data. The total livestock population consisting of cattle, buffalo, Sheep, goat, pig, horse and pony, mules, donkey, camel, mithun and yak in the country was 535.78 million numbers in 2019. Cattle accounted for 37.28 per cent of the total livestock population, for which the highest contribution was from Madhya Pradesh (10.27%), followed by Uttar Pradesh (10.24%) and West Bengal (8.65%). The share of value of milk and milk products in total livestock output is highest. The share of livestock products export in agricultural exports decreased from 8.31% in 2011-12 to 8.37% in 2021-22, and in agricultural GVA from 1.01% to 0.78%, suggesting a slight decline in the importance of livestock product exports. Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra emerge as the leading states in livestock products exports, contributing 45.51% and 29.00%, respectively, to the total livestock products exports in 2021-22. The share of value of milk and milk products in total livestock output is highest in India followed by meat (23.13 %), eggs (5.98 %) and milk (5.84 %) and the value of output from livestock sector grew by 5.84 per cent during 2011-12 to 2020-21. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of livestock GVA is 7.63 per cent is much higher than that of agriculture and allied sector (3.64 %). This is a clearly indication of growing importance of livestock sector in the overall agricultural development in the country.
Screening for Resistant Genes and Plasmid Curing Profile Reagent of Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes from Seafood Sold in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: P.N. Barika , T. Sampson, , N.P. Akani, , N.A.C. Ogbuleka, , W. Chuku,
Published: August 2024

Preamble: Plasmid curing has been a successful technique in reducing resistant bacteria and controlling antibiotic resistance which promote pathogenicity of an organism.
Aim: This study is focused on screening resistant genes and plasmid curing profile reagent of Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes from seafood sold in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Study Design: A completely randomized design was used for the study and the work run from June 2023 to December 2023.
Methodology: A total of one hundred and twenty-six (126) raw and parboiled samples of Crassostrea gasar (Oyster) (42), Buccinum undatum (Whelks) (42) and Panaeus monodon (Prawn) (42) were purchased from three (3) Local Government Area markets and subjected to standard conventional methods such as culturing, isolation and identification using PALCAM agar (for Listeria monocytogenes) and Triple sugar iron test ( for Salmonella enterica), molecular screening using polymerase chain reaction and plasmid curing using an intercalating agent (acridine orange).
Results: The bacterial isolates were identified using molecular technique as: Salmonella enterica-AM04528, Salmonella bongori-NCTC12419, Salmonella enterica-KKP3882, Listeria ivanovii-PM-44, Listeria monocytogenes-HN1, Listeria monocytogenes-F6540, Salmonella enterica-19_85, Salmonella enterica-KKP1761, Listeria monocytogenes-NITRR/R1, Salmonella enterica-777SA01, Listeria monocytogenes-HR27 and Listeria monocytogenes-FC3. The resistant genes were present as blaTEM (58.33%) and blaSHV (91.67%) in Salmonella enterica and L. monocytogenes isolates. Plasmid curing with Acridine orange (An intercalating agent) reversed the resistant trait (100%) in the twelve (12) most resistant Salmonella enterica and L. monocytogenes isolates after susceptibility testing.
Conclusion: This study provides valuable insight into the genetic mechanism of antibiotic resistance of the two pathogens and highlights the potential of plasmid curing as a therapeutic approach and proper management of seafood.
Investigated Study on Shaping the System of Personal Loans in India: with Special Reference to Informal Workers of Madras Province, Chennai, India
Authors: P. Paramasivam , Nehru S. , P. Sethukkarasi
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to bridge information gaps and unravel the complexities of asymmetric information in personal loans among Madras's informal workers. A field survey was conducted among informal sector workers in Madras, revealing that 76.9% had obtained a personal loan in the last decade. Of these, 63.06% were employed in the private sector, while the remaining 36.4% were engaged in public-private partnerships or government sectors. The study was primarily located in Madras (now Chennai), leveraging its rich history of trade and commerce and its status as a major industrial and commercial centre. The research findings are expected to contribute valuable insights to the discourse on personal loans in the informal sector, particularly in the context of customer satisfaction, micro borrowing, loan defaults, and the impact of personal micro credit. Based on the findings, the study proposes suitable policy recommendations to address the identified challenges and improve access to personal loans for informal workers in Madras. These recommendations aim to enhance transparency, reduce information asymmetry, and foster a more inclusive and equitable financial ecosystem.
Oxidation
Authors: Teles J. Henrique , Hermans Ive , Franz Gerhard , Sheldon Roger A.
Published: July 2015

The article contains sections titled:1.Introduction2.Overview of industrial oxidation processes2.1.Inorganic chemicals2.1.1.Sulfur derivatives2.1.2.Carbon derivatives2.1.3.Nitrogen derivatives2.1.4.Chlorine derivatives2.2.Organic chemicals2.2.1.Olefins and alkynes2.2.2.Epoxides2.2.3.Hydroperoxides2.2.4.Alcohols2.2.5.Aldehydes2.2.6.Ketones2.2.7.Phenols and derivatives2.2.8.Carboxylic acids, saturated2.2.9.Carboxylic acids and anhydrides, unsaturated2.2.10.Carboxylic acids and anhydrides, aromatic2.2.11.Esters, lactones and carbonates2.2.12.Nitriles2.2.13.Oxidized nitrogen compounds2.2.14.Chlorinated compounds2.2.15.Sulfur compounds3.Thermodynamics; Stability of Hydrocarbons4.Reaction Types5.Homolytic Oxidation5.1.Historical Development; Reaction Mechanism; Radical Reactivity5.2.Kinetics of Autoxidation5.3.Differences between Liquid‐ and Gas‐Phase Autoxidations5.4.Homolytic Oxidation in the Liquid Phase5.4.1.Secondary Reactions of Radicals, Peroxides, and other Intermediates5.4.2.Metal Catalysis in Homolytic Liquid‐Phase Oxidation5.4.3.Inhibitors of Homolytic Liquid‐Phase Oxidation5.4.4.Special Cases of Homolytic Oxidation5.4.5.Process Technology of Homolytic Liquid‐Phase Oxidation5.5.Homolytic Gas‐Phase Oxidation5.6.Gas Explosions and Safety Data6.Heterolytic Oxidation6.1.Heterolytic Oxidation in the Liquid Phase6.2.Heterogeneously Catalyzed Gas‐Phase Oxidation6.2.1.Oxidation Catalysts6.2.2.Process Technology of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Oxidations
Effective soil moisture estimate and its uncertainty using multimodel simulation based on Bayesian Model Averaging
Authors: Kim Jonggun , Mohanty Binayak P. , Shin Yongchul
Published: July 2015

Various hydrological models have been developed for estimating root zone soil moisture dynamics. These models, however, incorporated their own parameterization approaches indicating that the output from the different model inherent structures might include uncertainties because we do not know which model structure is correct for describing the real system. More recently, multimodel approaches using a Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) scheme can improve the overall predictive skill while individual models retain their own uncertainties for simulated soil moisture based on a single set of weights in modeling under different land surface wetness conditions (e.g., wet, moderately wet, and dry conditions). In order to overcome their limitations, we developed a BMA‐based multimodel simulation approach based on various soil wetness conditions for estimating effective surface soil moisture dynamics (0–5 cm) and quantifying uncertainties efficiently based on the land surface wetness conditions. The newly developed approach adapts three different hydrological models (i.e., Noah Land Surface Model, Noah LSM; Soil‐Water‐Atmosphere‐Plant, SWAP; and Community Land Model, CLM) for simulating soil moisture. These models were integrated with a modified‐microGA (advanced version of original Genetic Algorithm (GA)) to search for optimized soil parameters for each model. Soil moisture was simulated from the estimated soil parameters using the hydrological models in a forward mode. It was found that SWAP performed better than others during wet condition, while Noah LSM and CLM showed a good agreement with measurements during dry condition. Thus, we inferred that performance of individual models with different model structures can be different with land surface wetness. Taking into account the effects of soil wetness on different model performances, we categorized soil moisture measurements and estimated different weights for each category using the BMA scheme. Effective surface soil moisture dynamics were obtained by aggregating multiple weighted soil moisture. Our findings demonstrated that the effective soil moisture estimates derived by this approach showed a better match with the measurements compared to the original models and single‐weighted outputs. Multimodel simulation approach based on land surface wetness enhances the ability to predict reliable soil moisture dynamics and reflects the strengths of different hydrological models under various soil wetness conditions.