bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Hormetic Role of Resolvin D2 in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Pathways to Biomarker Recognition for Resolvins?
Authors: Omarjee Loukman , Serhan Charles N.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Resolvin D2 (RvD2), a mediator that helps resolve inflammation, plays a role in stopping the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Understanding how RvD2 levels relate to ASCVD risk could reveal its potential as both a treatment target and a biomarker.

Methods: We examined the research by Liu et al., which used an analytical method that combined restricted cubic splines with multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. This approach aimed to uncover the link between plasma RvD2 levels and ASCVD risk considering linear patterns. The study also examined how serum cholesterol might influence this relationship through sensitivity analyses.

Results: Liu et al. discovered an inverted U-shaped relationship between plasma RvD2 levels and ASCVD risk. They found that while high levels of RvD2 are protective, moderate levels could raise the risk of ASCVD. Additionally, the study suggested that serum cholesterol might play a mediating role in this connection.

Conclusion: These results indicate that the dynamics of RvD2 levels in relation to ASCVD risk are intricate and challenge conventional views on how inflammation resolves in heart health. The study emphasizes the importance of exploring the basis for this threshold effect occurrence and how RvD2 could serve as a biomarker for ASCVD.

Further studies should explore conducting long-term research, including randomized controlled trials, to confirm the effectiveness and safety of using RvD2 as a treatment option.
A New Energy-Mass Equation: Review of Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics Analysis of Bose and Fermi Gases
Authors: CHEN WEN-XIANG
Published: June 2024

Bose gases and Fermi gases represent two fundamental particle systems in statistical mechanics, governed by Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac distributions, respectively. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the thermodynamic quantities, phase transitions, chemical potentials, and energy level relationships of these gases. The study utilizes Laurent series expansions and group theory analysis to explore the statistical properties and behavior of Bose and Fermi gases under various conditions. Additionally, the paper derives a new energy-mass equation based on metric and curvature \(R\).
Riemann hypothesis equivalences,Robin inequality,Lagarias criterion, and Riemann hypothesis
Authors: Sabihi Ahmad
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we briefly review most of accomplished research in Riemann Zeta function and Riemann hypothesis since Riemann's age including Riemann hypothesis equivalences as well. We then make use of Robin and Lagarias' criteria to prove Riemann hypothesis. The goal is, using Lagarias criterion for $n\geq 1$ since Lagarias criterion states that Riemann hypothesis holds if and only if the inequality $\sum_{d|n}d\leq H_{n}+\exp(H_{n})\log(H_{n})$ holds for all $n\geq 1$. Although, Robin's criterion is used as well. Our approach breaks up the set of the natural numbers into three main subsets. The first subset is $\{n\in \mathbb{N}| ~ 1\leq n\leq 5040\}$. The second one is $\{n\in \mathbb{N}| ~ 5041\leq n\leq 19685\}$ and the third one is $\{n\in \mathbb{N}| ~ n\geq 19686\}$. In our proof, the third subset for even integers is broken up into odd integer class number sets. Then, mathematical arguments are stated for each odd integer class number set. Odd integer class number set is introduced in this paper. Since the Lagarias criterion holds for the first subset regarding computer aided computations, we do prove it using both Lagarias and Robin's criteria for the second and third subsets and mathematical arguments accompanied by a large volume of computer language programs. It then follows that Riemann hypothesis holds as well.
Process of Adopting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Innovations in Vocational Learning for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Students during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Firmansyah Dwi , Lubis Djuara P. , Muljono Pudji , Purnaningsih Ninuk
Published: June 2024

The use of information and communication technology (ICT) advancements to meet the needs and capacities of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) requires additional preparation on the side of the instructor. The London School Beyond Academy (LSBA), a vocational school in Jakarta serving adolescents with autism, exploited ICT advancements during the Covid-19 outbreak. Government mandates that compel educational institutions to convert to online learning systems necessitate technical innovation, particularly from educators given the communication disorder that ASD students experience. Based on this, the goal of this study was to learn more about how the LSBA used new information and communication technology during the Covid-19 pandemic. The conceptual framework of was used to perform the research. The conceptual framework of "School Improvement" by Miles and Huberman (1984) was used to perform the research. The study's findings indicated that in order to adjust to the usage of ICT by taking into account each ASD student's ability, LSBA management, practical educators, and academics employ technical advancements. Psychologists and educators had trouble making online observations while evaluating new students. Due to this condition, the learning method has to be modified in order to take into account the talents of each ASD student.
Подземный мир русских сказок: образность, семантика даров герою / The Underground World of the Russian Fairy Tales: The Imagery, Semantics of Gifts to the Hero
Authors: Денисова И.М.
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматривается образность сказочного подземного мира по материалам восточнославянских волшебных сказок, преимущественно — на основе сюжета типа «Три подземных царства» (СУС № 301А, В), особенно его первой части — до вторичного падения героя. Анализируются семантически значимые детали в мотивах спуска героя в подземный мир и прохода по нему к центральному локусу, маркированному золотым дворцом. Приводятся примеры сказочных образов подземного мира, аналогичного земному, и ставится вопрос о мировоззренческих истоках подобной аналогии. На основе сравнительного анализа «даров» подземной царевны и характерных черт этого персонажа выявляется более ранняя семантика всего рассматриваемого сюжета, которая предшествует явно выраженной брачной линии. Делается предположительный вывод о наложении как минимум двух хронологических пластов в данном сюжете.
The article examines the imagery of the fairy-tale underworld according to materials from East Slavic fairy tales, mainly based on a plot type SUS (СУС) No. 301A, B (Three Underground Kingdoms), its first part (before the secondary fall of the hero). The author analyzes semantically significant details in the motifs of the hero's descent into the underworld and passage through it to the central locus, marked by the golden palace. Examples of fairytale images of the underworld, similar to the earthly world, are given, and the question is raised about the ideological origins of such an analogy. The earlier semantics of the entire plot (preceding the explicit marriage semantics) is revealed based on a comparative analysis of the “gifts” of the underground princess and the character himself. The author suggests that at least two chronological layers overlap to form this plot.
Народная медицина северных селькупов / Folk Medicine of the Northern Selkups
Authors: Степанова О.Б.
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматривается один из неизученных элементов традиционной культуры северных селькупов — селькупская народная медицина. Собранные методом полевой работы материалы позволили назвать, классифицировать в типологические ряды и описать лекарственные средства животного и растительного происхождения, целебные производные горения и лечебные неорганические вещества. Анализ материалов показал, что современное поколение селькупов среднего и старшего возраста неплохо помнит народные средства, которыми их лечили бабушки и матери, выполнявшие обязанности семейных лекарей, когда официальная медицина была недоступна. Исходя из сравнительно небольшого числа используемых селькупами природных медицинских средств и отсутствия соответствующих им образов, отвечающих за жизненность человека, в селькупской мифологии, был сделан вывод, что народная медицина не получила максимального развития и играла меньшую роль в жизни селькупов, чем магические шаманские лечебные техники. В настоящее время в связи с укреплением позиций официальной медицины народные лекарства у селькупов постепенно забываются.
The article focuses on the traditional medicine of the Northern Selkups, one of the unstudied elements of the traditional Selkup culture. Based on field materials, the author identifies, classifies and describes plant and animal-based medicines, medicinal derivatives of combustion (smoke and heat) and inorganic substances. The study revealed that the current generation of middle-aged and older Selkups remembers well the folk remedies which their grandmothers and mothers used to treat them, when official medicine was inaccessible and older relatives had to perform the duties of family doctors. The relatively small number of natural medicines used by the Selkups and the lack of images responsible for the vitality in Selkup mythology, suggest that Selkup medicine did not develop sufficiently and played a smaller role in the life of the Selkups than magical shamanic healing techniques. At present, when the official medicine plays a significant part in the life of Selkups, the folk medicines are gradually falling into disuse.
GelMA hydrogel dual photo-crosslinking to dynamically modulate ECM stiffness
Authors: Smits Josephina J. H. M. , van der Pol Atze , Goumans Marie José , Bouten Carlijn V. C. , Jorba Ignasi
Published: June 2024

The dynamic nature of the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly its stiffness, plays a pivotal role in cellular behavior, especially after myocardial infarction (MI), where cardiac fibroblasts (cFbs) are key in ECM remodeling. This study explores the effects of dynamic stiffness changes on cFb activation and ECM production, addressing a gap in understanding the dynamics of ECM stiffness and their impact on cellular behavior. Utilizing gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels, we developed a model to dynamically alter the stiffness of cFb environment through a two-step photocrosslinking process. By inducing a quiescent state in cFbs with a TGF-β inhibitor, we ensured the direct observation of cFbs-responses to the engineered mechanical environment. Our findings demonstrate that the mechanical history of substrates significantly influences cFb activation and ECM-related gene expression. Cells that were initially cultured for 24 h on the soft substrate remained more quiescent when the hydrogel was stiffened compared to cells cultured directly to a stiff static substrate. This underscores the importance of past mechanical history in cellular behavior. The present study offers new insights into the role of ECM stiffness changes in regulating cellular behavior, with significant implications for understanding tissue remodeling processes, such as in post-MI scenarios.
Aberrant evoked calcium signaling and nAChR cluster morphology in a SOD1 D90A hiPSC-derived neuromuscular model
Authors: Couturier Nathalie , Hörner Sarah Janice , Nürnberg Elina , Joazeiro Claudio , Hafner Mathias , Rudolf Rüdiger
Published: June 2024

Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder that is due to mutations in one of several target genes, including SOD1. So far, clinical records, rodent studies, and in vitro models have yielded arguments for either a primary motor neuron disease, or a pleiotropic pathogenesis of ALS. While mouse models lack the human origin, in vitro models using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have been recently developed for addressing ALS pathogenesis. In spite of improvements regarding the generation of muscle cells from hiPSC, the degree of maturation of muscle cells resulting from these protocols has remained limited. To fill these shortcomings, we here present a new protocol for an enhanced myotube differentiation from hiPSC with the option of further maturation upon coculture with hiPSC-derived motor neurons. The described model is the first to yield a combination of key myogenic maturation features that are consistent sarcomeric organization in association with complex nAChR clusters in myotubes derived from control hiPSC. In this model, myotubes derived from hiPSC carrying the SOD1 D90A mutation had reduced expression of myogenic markers, lack of sarcomeres, morphologically different nAChR clusters, and an altered nAChR-dependent Ca2+ response compared to control myotubes. Notably, trophic support provided by control hiPSC-derived motor neurons reduced nAChR cluster differences between control and SOD1 D90A myotubes. In summary, a novel hiPSC-derived neuromuscular model yields evidence for both muscle-intrinsic and nerve-dependent aspects of neuromuscular dysfunction in SOD1-based ALS.
Coriandrum sativum L., essential oil as a promising source of bioactive compounds with GC/MS, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities: in vitro and in silico predictions
Authors: Nouioura Ghizlane , El fadili Mohamed , El Hachlafi Naoufal , Maache Souad , Mssillou Ibrahim , A. Abuelizz Hatem , Lafdil Fatima Zahra , Er-rahmani Sara , Lyoussi Badiaa , Derwich Elhoussine
Published: June 2024

Introduction:Coriandrum sativum L. essential oil (CS-EO) is being evaluated in vitro for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and its volatile compounds are to be identified as part of this exploratory study.

Methods: The processes underlying the in vitro biological properties were explained using in silico simulations, including drug-likeness prediction, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity—ADMET). Chemical screening of CS-EO was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five in vitro complementary techniques were used to assess the antioxidant activity of CS-EO: reducing power (RP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, β-Carotene bleaching test (BCBT), and phosphomolybdenum assay (TAC).

Results: According to GC-MS analysis, linalool (59.04%), γ-Terpinene (13.02%), and α-Pinene (6.83%) are the main constituents of CS-EO. Based on the in vitro antioxidant assay results, CS-EO has been found to have a superior antioxidant profile. Its estimated scavenging rates for ABTS+ are 0.51 ± 0.04 mg/mL, BCBT is 9.02 ± 0.01 mg/mL, and CS-EO is 1.52 ± 0.14 mg/mL. C. sativum demonstrated 6.13 ± 0.00 μg/mL for reducing power and 213.44 ± 0.45 mg AAE/mL for total antioxidant activity. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of CS-EO was assessed against five strains, including two gram-positive bacteria, two gram-negative bacteria, and one fungal strain (Candida albicans). Significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against all strains were found using the disc-diffusion assay, with zones of inhibition larger than 15 mm. The microdilution test highlighted the lowest MIC and MBC values with gram-positive bacteria, ranging from 0.0612 to 0.125% v/v for MIC and 0.125% v/v for MBC. The fungal strain’s MFC was 1.0% v/v and its MIC was measured at 0.5%. Based on the MBC/MIC and MFC/MIC ratios, CS-EO exhibits bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The ADMET study indicates that the primary CS-EO compounds are good candidates for the development of pharmaceutical drugs due to their favorable pharmacokinetic properties.

Conclusion: These results point to a potential application of this plant as a natural remedy and offer empirical backing for its traditional uses. It is a promising environmentally friendly preservative that can be used extensively in the food and agricultural industries to prevent aflatoxin contamination and fungal growth in stored goods.
Determination of standard molar volume of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide on titanium dioxide surface
Authors: Ye Nannan , Dai Zhengxing , Chen Yifeng , Ji Xiaoyan , Lu Xiaohua
Published: June 2024

The fluids near the solid substrate display different properties compared to the bulk fluids owing to the asymmetric interaction between the fluid and substrate; however, to the best of our knowledge, no work has been conducted to determine the interfacial properties of fluids experimentally. In this work, we combined a pycnometer with experimental measurements and data processing to determine the standard thermodynamic properties of interfacial fluids for the first time. In the study, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Hmim][NTf2]) and titanium dioxide (P25) were chosen as the probes to prove the concept. It was found that, with the combination of the Gay-Lussac pycnometer and the colligative law, together with selecting a suitable solvent, it is possible and reliable to determine the standard molar volume of the immobilized [Hmim][NTf2]. Compared to the bulk phase, the molar volumes of [Hmim][NTf2] on the P25 surface reduce by 20.8%–23.7% at temperatures from 293.15 to 323.15 K, and the reduction degrees decrease with increasing temperatures. The newly determined standard thermodynamic data was used to obtain the model parameters of hybrid electrolyte perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory density functional theory (ePC-SAFT-DFT), and further predictions of the density of interfacial ionic liquids with different film thicknesses were proved to be reliable in comparison with the experiment results.
Multimodality assessment of the coronary microvasculature with TIMI frame count versus perfusion PET highlights coronary changes characteristic of coronary microvascular disease
Authors: Wayne Nicole , Wu Qufei , Moore Stephen C. , Ferrari Victor A. , Metzler Scott D. , Guerraty Marie A.
Published: June 2024

Background

The diagnosis of coronary microvascular disease (CMVD) remains challenging. Perfusion PET-derived myocardial blood flow (MBF) reserve (MBFR) can quantify CMVD but is not widely available. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC) is an angiography-based method that has been proposed as a measure of CMVD. Here, we compare TFC and PET-derived MBF measurements to establish the role of TFC in assessing for CMVD. We use coronary modeling to elucidate the relationship between MBFR and TFC and propose TFC thresholds for identifying CMVD.

Methods

In a cohort of 123 individuals (age 58 ± 12.1, 63% women, 41% Caucasian) without obstructive coronary artery disease who had undergone perfusion PET and coronary angiography for clinical indications, we compared TFC and perfusion PET parameters using Pearson correlation (PCC) and linear regression modeling. We used mathematical modeling of the coronary circulation to understand the relationship between these parameters and performed Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis.

Results

We found a significant negative correlation between TFC and MBFR. Sex, race and ethnicity, and nitroglycerin administration impact this relationship. Coronary modeling showed an uncoupling between TFC and flow in epicardial vessels. In ROC analysis, TFC performed well in women (AUC 0.84–0.89) and a moderately in men (AUC 0.68–0.78).

Conclusions

We established an inverse relationship between TFC and PET-derived MBFR, which is affected by patient selection and procedural factors. TFC represents a measure of the volume of the epicardial coronary compartment, which is increased in patients with CMVD, and performs well in identifying women with CMVD.
Analysis of sarcopenic obesity prevalence and diagnostic agreement according to the 2022 ESPEN and EASO Consensus in hospitalized older adults with severe obesity
Authors: Danielewicz Ana Lúcia , Marra Alice , Tringali Gabriella , Micheli Roberta De , Abbruzzese Laura , Fanari Paolo , Codecasa Franco , Lazzer Stefano , Mendonça Vanessa Amaral , Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues , de Avelar Núbia Carelli Pereira , Sartorio Alessandro
Published: June 2024

Background

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical disorder characterized by increased adiposity and decreased muscle mass and function, commonly observed in older adults. However, most of the studies that investigated SO prevalence rates were not based on current standardized diagnostic methods. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence rates of SO and their level of agreement using different instruments proposed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) Consensus, in a sample of hospitalized older adults with severe obesity.

Methods

A cross-sectional study with 90 older adults (≥ 60 years) with severe obesity (body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m/²) seeking an in-hospital multidisciplinary body weight reduction program. Skeletal muscle function was assessed using the five-repetition Sit-Stand test (5-SSt) and Handgrip Strength (HGS). Body composition was evaluated by high percentages of fat mass (FM), low appendicular lean mass (ALM/W), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM/W), adjusted to body weight. The stage of SO was assessed on the presence of at least one comorbidity and specific cut-offs were adopted for each step. All analyses were performed according to gender and age range.

Results

The prevalence rates of SO in the total sample were 23.3%, 25.5%, 31.1%, and 40.0% considering altered values of 5-SSt+FM+ALM/W, HGS+FM+ALM/W, 5-SSt+FMSSM/W, and HGS+FM+SSM/W, respectively. Higher prevalence rates were observed among female and old elderly subgroups, regardless of the diagnostic combination. There were weak agreements between the muscle function tests (5-SSt versus HGS) using both muscle mass indexes in the total sample and all subgroups. Moderate agreements were observed between muscle mass indexes (SMM/W versus ALM/W) in the total sample, male and younger older adults (using 5-SSt), and strong agreements for men and younger older adults (using HGS).

Conclusion

The discrepancies observed between the prevalence rates and their levels of agreement reinforce the need for new studies in similar populations aiming for better standardization of SO assessment.
Adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism and its related surgical characteristics
Authors: Xiang Hao , Zhang Tingting , Song Wei , Yang Deyong , Zhu Xinqing
Published: June 2024

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common cause of secondary hypertension. Adrenalectomy is an effective treatment for unilateral PA, particularly aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), resulting in improvements in biochemical parameters and blood pressure in the vast majority of patients. The article provides a comprehensive overview of PA, focusing on the outcomes of adrenalectomy for PA and the factors that may suggest prognostic implications. Analysis of the outcome of different PA patients undergoing adrenalectomy in terms of preoperative factors, vascular and adipose conditions, type of pathology, and somatic variants. In addition, it is recommended to use the histopathology of primary aldosteronism (HISTALDO) consensus to classify the patient’s pathological type, with classical and nonclassical pathological types showing a different prognosis and possibly being associated with an unresected contralateral adrenal gland. The primary aldosteronism surgical outcome (PASO) consensus sets uniform standards for postoperative outcomes in unilateral PA, but its setting of thresholds remains controversial. Partial adrenalectomy shows similar surgical results and fewer postoperative complications than total adrenalectomy, but there is a risk of missing the true source of abnormal aldosterone secretion. Steroid profiling and functional imaging techniques offer alternative options to adrenal vein sampling (AVS) for unilateral and bilateral judgments in patients with PA. A combination of factors is needed to predict the prognosis of PA patients undergoing adrenalectomy in order to manage patient expectations of the outcome of the procedure and to closely monitor blood pressure and biochemical parameters in patients who suggest a poorer prognosis.
Numerical analysis of energy loss characteristics of guide vane centrifugal pump as turbine
Authors: Wang Ziqiang , Wang Wenjing , Wang Dongxu , Song Ying
Published: June 2024

The structure of the guide vane centrifugal pump as turbine is complex, and the internal flow characteristics directly affect the energy loss distribution. The numerical method and entropy generation theory are used to analyze the energy loss distribution of each flow component of the guide vane centrifugal pump as turbine at different flow conditions. And the transient fluctuation law of hydraulic loss of passage component is also studied. The results show that the loss in the impeller accounts for 54%–58% under small flow conditions, and the loss in the guide vane accounts for 50%–61% under large flow conditions. The hydraulic loss of the impeller and guide vane is affected by the interaction between the impeller and guide vane, volute. And there are five obvious peaks and troughs in the 1/6 period. The primary and secondary frequencies of impeller hydraulic loss change with the flow rate. At the 0.57QBEP condition, the primary and secondary frequency of the impeller loss is blade frequency and 5 times blade frequency respectively, while the frequencies under the condition of 1.43QBEP are opposite. The primary and secondary frequencies of guide vane hydraulic loss are different under different flow conditions. The hydraulic loss of volute is mainly affected by the interference between the impeller and volute under various flow conditions, and the primary frequency is blade frequency.
Spatiotemporal dynamics and determinants of human-land relationships in urbanization: a Yangtze River Economic Belt case study
Authors: Zhou Laiyou , Huang Yixin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The importance of harmonious human-land dynamics and the practical value of investigating the interplay between demographic urbanization and land development.

Methods: The study area (110 prefecture-level cities within the Yangtze River Economic Belt) and the integrative methodology employed (coupled coordination model, exploratory spatial data analysis, and fixed effects model).

Results: The main findings, including the progression in the coupled coordination level, the spatial gradient, and the factors influencing the coupled coordination level.

Discussion: Recommendations for surmounting institutional and policy impediments, fostering resource exchange, and facilitating the integrated evolution of human-land dynamics within the region.
Prenatal diagnosis and family analysis of 17q12 microdeletion syndrome with fetal renal abnormalities
Authors: Zhang Fang , Gu Qingqing , Song Jiedong , Zhao Yali , Wang Zhiwei , Men Shuai , Wang Leilei
Published: June 2024

Purpose

To analyze the prenatal diagnosis, parental verification, and pregnancy outcomes of three fetuses with 17ql2 microdeletion syndrome.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 46 singleton pregnancies with anomalies in the urinary system who underwent amniocentesis from Feb 2022 to October 2023 in the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital. These fetuses were subjected to chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and/or trio whole-exome sequencing (Trio-WES). We specifically evaluated these cases’ prenatal renal ultrasound findings and clinical characteristics of the affected parents.

Results

Three fetuses were diagnosed as 17q12 microdeletions, and the detection rate was 6.5% in fetuses with anomalies in the urinary system (3/46). The heterogeneous deletions range from 1.494 to 1.66 Mb encompassing the complete hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox B (HNF1B) gene. Fetuses with 17q12 deletion exhibited varied renal phenotypes. Moreover, the clinical phenotypes of the affected parents differed greatly in the two cases (case 2 and case 3) in which the deletion was inherited. For case 3, the mother manifested classic symptoms of 17q12 deletion syndrome as well as unreported characteristics, such as very high myopia.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate the necessity and significance of offering prenatal genetic testing when various renal anomalies are detected. In addition, our study broadens the phenotypic spectrum of 17q12 deletions. Most importantly, our findings may allow timely supportive genetic counseling and guidance for pregnancy in affected families, e.g., with the help of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT).
ZP1-Y262C mutation causes abnormal zona pellucida formation and female infertility in humans
Authors: Cao Guangyi , Yu Lina , Fang Junshun , Shi Ruixin , Li Huijun , Lu Feifei , Shen Xiaoyue , Zhu Xiangyu , Wang Shanshan , Kong Na
Published: June 2024

Defective oocyte maturation is a common cause of female infertility. The loss of the zona pellucida (ZP) represents a specific condition of impaired oocyte maturation. The extracellular matrix known as the ZP envelops mammalian oocytes and preimplantation embryos, exerting significant influence on oogenesis, fertilization, and embryo implantation. However, the genetic factors leading to the loss of the ZP in oocytes are not well understood. This study focused on patients who underwent oocyte retrieval surgery after ovarian stimulation and were found to have abnormal oocyte maturation without the presence of the ZP. Ultrasonography was performed during the surgical procedure to evaluate follicle development. Peripheral blood samples from the patient were subjected to exome sequencing. Here, a novel, previously unreported heterozygous mutation in the ZP1 gene was identified. Within the ZP1 gene, we discovered a novel heterozygous mutation (ZP1 NM_207341.4:c.785A>G (p.Y262C)), specifically located in the trefoil domain. Bioinformatics comparisons further revealed conservation of the ZP1-Y262C mutation across different species. Model predictions of amino acid mutations on protein structure and cell immunofluorescence/western blot experiments collectively confirmed the detrimental effects of the ZP1-Y262C mutation on the function and expression of the ZP1 protein. The ZP1-Y262C mutation represents the novel mutation in the trefoil domain of the ZP1 protein, which is associated with defective oocyte maturation in humans. Our report enhances comprehension regarding the involvement of ZP-associated genes in female infertility and offers enriched understanding for the genetic diagnosis of this condition.
Emerging role of C5aR2: novel insights into the regulation of uterine immune cells during pregnancy
Authors: Froehlich Fenna , Landerholm Konstanze , Neeb Johanna , Meß Ann-Kathrin , Seiler Daniel Leonard , Tilburgs Tamara , Karsten Christian Marcel
Published: June 2024

Pregnancy is a fascinating immunological phenomenon because it allows allogeneic fetal and placental tissues to survive inside the mother. As a component of innate immunity with high inflammatory potential, the complement system must be tightly regulated during pregnancy. Dysregulation of the complement system plays a role in pregnancy complications including pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Complement components are also used as biomarkers for pregnancy complications. However, the mechanisms of detrimental role of complement in pregnancy is poorly understood. C5a is the most potent anaphylatoxin and generates multiple immune reactions via two transmembrane receptors, C5aR1 and C5aR2. C5aR1 is pro-inflammatory, but the role of C5aR2 remains largely elusive. Interestingly, murine NK cells have been shown to express C5aR2 without the usual co-expression of C5aR1. Furthermore, C5aR2 appears to regulate IFN-γ production by NK cells in vitro. As IFN-γ produced by uterine NK cells is one of the major factors for the successful development of a vital pregnancy, we investigated the role anaphylatoxin C5a and its receptors in the establishment of pregnancy and the regulation of uterine NK cells by examinations of murine C5ar2–/– pregnancies and human placental samples. C5ar2–/– mice have significantly reduced numbers of implantation sites and a maternal C5aR2 deficiency results in increased IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-γ mRNA expression as well as reduced uNK cell infiltration at the maternal-fetal interface. Human decidual leukocytes have similar C5a receptor expression patterns showing clinical relevance. In conclusion, this study identifies C5aR2 as a key contributor to dNK infiltration and pregnancy success.
Ecosystem health assessment: a PSR analysis combining AHP and EW methods for Sansha Bay, China
Authors: Li Yue , Huang Yaling , Zhang Xiaoyun , Jiang Yawen , Jing Xiaoshan , Deng Yihong , Li Rongmao , Jiang Degang , Mu Jingli
Published: June 2024

Maintaining the health of coastal aquaculture ecosystems is crucial for sustainable development. Therefore, establishing a specific ecosystem health assessment index system for aquaculture bays is paramount. This system allows for the evaluation of the health status of these bays and aids in the planning and restoration of fishery habitats. Utilizing the well-known “Pressure-State-Response” framework, a comprehensive evaluation index system with 14 indicators was developed. Additionally, the analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight methods were employed to assess the ecosystem health of Sansha Bay, a representative aquaculture bay in Fujian Province, China. The results revealed variations in health status across four zones in 2020, categorized as “good” or “excellent”. However, the security index was more spatially distributed and classified from “fair” to “safety”. Key indicators critical to sustaining the health of the aquaculture bay ecosystem included the regional environmental risk index, the proportion of industrial discharge outlets, the zooplankton species diversity index, the phytoplankton species diversity index, the molar ratio of phosphorus to nitrogen, and the size of nature reserves. According to the assessments of ecosystem health and ecological security, vigorous endeavors in aquatic ecology are paramount to ensure the enduring sustainability of aquaculture, with a specific emphasis on Zoning 1 and Zoning 4. These findings not only enhance and expand the methods for assessing the health of aquaculture bay ecosystems but also provide a scientific basis for the conservation of fishery habitats and the green, high-quality development of the aquaculture industry in Sansha Bay.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward interstitial lung disease among patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Wenjie , Li Qiuhong , Mao Yanjun , He Yan
Published: June 2024

Objective

To explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward interstitial lung disease (ILD) among patients and analyze the factors affecting KAP.

Methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with ILD treated at the Respiratory Department of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between January 2023 and June 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to evaluate their KAP toward ILD through convenient sampling. Multivariate regression analysis and structural equation model (SEM) were used to analyze the factors influencing KAP and their interactions.

Results

A total of 397 patients were enrolled, with 61.71% male. The mean KAP scores were 4.60 ± 3.10 (possible range: 0–12), 16.97 ± 2.16 (possible range: 5–25), and 32.60 ± 7.16 (possible range: 9–45), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school [OR = 2.003, 95%CI: 1.056–3.798, p = 0.033], high school and above [OR = 2.629, 95%CI: 1.315–5.258, p = 0.006], and duration of disease ≥5 years [OR = 1.857, 95%CI: 1.132–3.046, p = 0.014] were independently associated with adequate knowledge. The knowledge [OR = 1.108, 95%CI: 1.032–1.189, p = 0.005] and duration of disease ≥5 years [OR = 0.525, 95%CI: 0.317–0.869, p = 0.012] were independently associated with a positive attitude. The knowledge [OR = 1.116, 95%CI: 1.036–1.202, p = 0.004], attitude [OR = 1.180, 95%CI: 1.061–1.312, p = 0.002], and the age of >70 years [OR = 0.447, 95%CI: 0.245–0.817, p = 0.009] were independently associated with the proactive practice. SEM showed that patients’ knowledge of ILD directly affected their attitude (β = 0.842, p < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.363, p < 0.001), and their attitude also affected their practice (β = 0.347, p = 0.014).

Conclusion

Patients with ILD in China had poor knowledge, intermediate attitude, and proactive practice toward ILD, which suggests that the health education of patients should be further strengthened.
Enhanced cardiovascular disease prediction through self-improved Aquila optimized feature selection in quantum neural network & LSTM model
Authors: Darolia Aman , Chhillar Rajender Singh , Alhussein Musaed , Dalal Surjeet , Aurangzeb Khursheed , Lilhore Umesh Kumar
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as a pervasive catalyst for illness and mortality on a global scale, underscoring the imperative for sophisticated prediction methodologies within the ambit of healthcare data analysis. The vast volume of medical data available necessitates effective data mining techniques to extract valuable insights for decision-making and prediction. While machine learning algorithms are commonly employed for CVD diagnosis and prediction, the high dimensionality of datasets poses a performance challenge.

Methods

This research paper presents a novel hybrid model for predicting CVD, focusing on an optimal feature set. The proposed model encompasses four main stages namely: preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection (FS), and classification. Initially, data preprocessing eliminates missing and duplicate values. Subsequently, feature extraction is performed to address dimensionality issues, utilizing measures such as central tendency, qualitative variation, degree of dispersion, and symmetrical uncertainty. FS is optimized using the self-improved Aquila optimization approach. Finally, a hybridized model combining long short-term memory and a quantum neural network is trained using the selected features. An algorithm is devised to optimize the LSTM model’s weights. Performance evaluation of the proposed approach is conducted against existing models using specific performance measures.

Results

Far dataset-1, accuracy-96.69%, sensitivity-96.62%, specifity-96.77%, precision-96.03%, recall-97.86%, F1-score-96.84%, MCC-96.37%, NPV-96.25%, FPR-3.2%, FNR-3.37% and for dataset-2, accuracy-95.54%, sensitivity-95.86%, specifity-94.51%, precision-96.03%, F1-score-96.94%, MCC-93.03%, NPV-94.66%, FPR-5.4%, FNR-4.1%. The findings of this study contribute to improved CVD prediction by utilizing an efficient hybrid model with an optimized feature set.

Discussion

We have proven that our method accurately predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) with unmatched precision by conducting extensive experiments and validating our methodology on a large dataset of patient demographics and clinical factors. QNN and LSTM frameworks with Aquila feature tuning increase forecast accuracy and reveal cardiovascular risk-related physiological pathways. Our research shows how advanced computational tools may alter sickness prediction and management, contributing to the emerging field of machine learning in healthcare. Our research used a revolutionary methodology and produced significant advances in cardiovascular disease prediction.
Identification and characterization of a potential strain for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoate from glycerol
Authors: Xue Mengheng , Huang Rong , Liu Wei , Cheng Jian , Liu Yuwan , Zhang Jie , Wang Limei , Liu Dingyu , Jiang Huifeng
Published: June 2024

While poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) holds promise as a bioplastic, its commercial utilization has been hampered by the high cost of raw materials. However, glycerol emerges as a viable feedstock for PHB production, offering a sustainable production approach and substantial cost reduction potential. Glycerol stands out as a promising feedstock for PHB production, offering a pathway toward sustainable manufacturing and considerable cost savings. The identification and characterization of strains capable of converting glycerol into PHB represent a pivotal strategy in advancing PHB production research. In this study, we isolated a strain, Ralstonia sp. RRA (RRA). The strain exhibits remarkable proficiency in synthesizing PHB from glycerol. With glycerol as the carbon source, RRA achieved a specific growth rate of 0.19 h−1, attaining a PHB content of approximately 50% within 30 h. Through third-generation genome and transcriptome sequencing, we elucidated the genome composition and identified a total of eight genes (glpR, glpD, glpS, glpT, glpP, glpQ, glpV, and glpK) involved in the glycerol metabolism pathway. Leveraging these findings, the strain RRA demonstrates significant promise in producing PHB from low-cost renewable carbon sources.
Cognitive-motor exergame training on a labile surface in stroke inpatients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Büttiker Joel , Marks Detlef , Hanke Manuel , Ludyga Sebastian , Marsico Petra , Eggimann Benjamin , Giannouli Eleftheria
Published: June 2024

Background

Cognitive-motor training in form of exergames has been found to be feasible and effective for the improvement of motor and cognitive functioning in older adults and several patient populations. Exergame training under unstable conditions might increase the proprioceptive resources needed and thus might be a superior training approach compared to exergame training on stable ground for stroke patients, who often have proprioceptive deficits.

Objective

Aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and effects of exergame-based cognitive-motor training on a labile platform on physical and cognitive functioning in stroke inpatients.

Methods

This is two-armed pilot randomized controlled trial taking place in an inpatient neurologic rehabilitation clinic. A total of 30 persons that are undergoing inpatient rehabilitation due to a stroke will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG). Participants of the IG will receive exergame-based motor-cognitive training on a labile surface, whereas participants of the CG will train on a stable surface. Primary outcome is feasibility comprising measures of adherence, attrition, safety and usability. Secondary outcomes will be measures of cognitive (psychomotor speed, inhibition, selective attention, cognitive flexibility, brain activity) and motor (functional mobility, gait speed, balance, proprioception) functioning.

Results

Data collection started in February 2024 and is expected to be completed by August 2024.

Conclusion

This is the first study looking into exergame training on labile surface in stroke patients. It will give valuable insights into the feasibility and potential added value of this type of training and thus inform further implementation efforts in the context of inpatient rehabilitation.

Clinical trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06296069.
Acceleration performance results of the SN nodal transport solvers in MOSASAUR code system for lead-based reactor cores
Authors: Wang Bo , Xu Zhitao , Wang Lianjie , Zhang Bin , Lou Lei , Zhao Chen
Published: June 2024

To address the efficiency bottleneck encountered in reactor design calculations for the newly developed lead-based reactor neutronics analysis code system MOSASAUR, we recently developed acceleration functions based on various coarse-mesh finite difference (CMFD) methods and spatial domain decomposition parallel algorithm. However, the applicability of these improvements to different lead-based reactors remains to be analyzed. This work collected and established core models for various types of lead-based reactor. Based on different SN nodal transport solvers, we analyzed the acceleration performance of different CMFD methods, different CPU cores, and the combination of CMFD and parallel calculation. The results indicated that the impact of different CMFD acceleration or parallel acceleration on the calculation accuracy was negligible; the rCMFD method had good stability and convergence rate, achieving speedup of several to dozens; parallel efficiency was related to the number of meshes, and for large reactor cores, superlinear speedup was achieved with 200 CPU cores; rCMFD and parallel computing could achieve combined speedup, with 200 cores achieving speedup of hundreds to thousands, typically completing a reactor core transport calculation in 1 min.
A combined association of obesity, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine with hyperuricemia in youth aged 13–20 years
Authors: Niu Yang , Zhang Yajie , Sun Yan , Sheng Jinye , Lu Wenyi , Li Ji , Mao Xiaomeng , Feng Yi , Shen Xiuhua
Published: June 2024

Background

Despite extensive research on hyperuricemia (HUA) in adults, there remains a dearth of studies examining this condition in youth. Consequently, our objective was to investigate the prevalence of HUA among youth in the United States, as well as identify the corresponding risk factors.

Methods

This study employed a nationally representative subsample of 1,051 youth aged 13–20 from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between January 2017 and March 2020. Univariate and multivariate techniques were utilized to examine the association between HUA and obesity, dietary nutrients, liver and kidney function, glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, and other indicators in the adolescent population.

Results

The study encompassed a cohort of 1,051 youth aged 13–20 years, comprising 538 boys and 513 girls. The overall prevalence of HUA was found to be 7% (74 out of 1,051). Univariate analysis revealed that the HUA group exhibited greater age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Additionally, the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in the HUA group compared to the non- HUA group (all p < 0.05). Regarding biochemical indicators, the levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine (Cr), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamic oxalic aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and HS C reactive protein (Hs CRP) were found to be significantly higher in the HUA group compared to the non-HUA group (all p < 0.05). Further analysis using binary logistics regression showed that BMI (p = 0.024, OR1.158, 95%CI1.019–1.316), ALT (p = 0.020, OR1.032, 95%CI1.005–1.059), and Cr (p = 0.016, OR1.028, 95%CI1.005–1.051) were identified as risk factors for HUA, after controlling for age, gender, BMI, WC, HC, WHR, ALT, AST, GGT, TG, TC, Cr, Hs CRP, and other indicators. Interestingly, neither univariate nor multivariate analysis found any association between dietary nutrients and the risk of HUA (all p > 0.05).

Conclusion

High BMI remains a major risk factor for HUA in US youth aged 13–20 years, and ALT and Cr levels should be closely monitored along with serum uric acid.