bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finite p-Groups G with H′=G′ for Each A2-Subgroup H
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Qu Haipeng , Luo Yanfeng
Published: June 2023

A finite [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text] is called an [Formula: see text]-group if [Formula: see text]is the minimal non-negative integer such that all subgroups of index [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] are abelian. The finite [Formula: see text]-groups [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text]-subgroups [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]are classified completely in this paper. As an application, a problem proposed by Berkovich is solved.
Regular and p-Regular Orbits of Solvable Linear Groups, II
Authors: Keller Thomas Michael , Yang Yong
Published: June 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a faithful [Formula: see text]-module for a finite group [Formula: see text] and let[Formula: see text] be a prime dividing [Formula: see text]. An orbit [Formula: see text] for the action of [Formula: see text] on[Formula: see text] is regular if [Formula: see text], and is [Formula: see text]-regular if [Formula: see text]. In this note, we study two questions, one by the authors and one by Isaacs, related to the [Formula: see text]-regular orbits and regular orbits of the linear group actions.
Integrally Closed Ideals of Reduction Number Three
Authors: Kumashiro Shinya
Published: June 2023

In a Cohen-Macaulay local ring [Formula: see text], we study the Hilbert function of an integrally closed [Formula: see text]-primary ideal [Formula: see text] whose reduction number is three. With a mild assumption we give an inequalityi [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] denotes the [Formula: see text]th Hilbert coefficient and [Formula: see text] denotes a minimal reduction of [Formula: see text]. The inequality is located between inequalities of Itoh and Elias-Valla. Furthermore, this inequality becomes an equality if and only if the depth of the associated graded ring of [Formula: see text] is larger than or equal to [Formula: see text]. We also study the Cohen-Macaulayness of the associated graded rings of determinantal rings.
Distance Signatures of Extended and Co-extended Incidence Graphs of Affine Designs
Authors: Yang Xu , Zhu Xiaomin , Chen Jing
Published: June 2023

The distance matrix of a connected graph [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is the matrix whose rows and columns are indexed by the vertex set [Formula: see text] such that the [Formula: see text]-entry is [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. The distance signature [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is the inertia of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we determine the distance signature of the extended (co-extended) incidence graph of an affine design. Furthermore, we state that an open Graffiti conjecture is true for the extended (co-extended) incidence graphs of affine designs by investigating the lower bound of the matching number.
On 2-(v,k,λ) Designs with Flag-Transitive Automorphism Groups of Product Action Type
Authors: Zhang Zhilin , Zhou Shenglin
Published: June 2023

In this paper we present two new families of 2-[Formula: see text] designs with a flag-transitive and point-primitive automorphism group of product action type. More surprisingly, one of them is still a family of 2-[Formula: see text] designs with a flag-transitive and point-imprimitive automorphism group.
UAV Swarm Control Based on Hybrid Bionic Swarm Intelligence
Authors: Fan Ruitao , Wang Jintao , Han Weixin , Xu Bin
Published: June 2023

Inspired by the pigeon behavior pattern, this paper proposes an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarm control scheme based on hybrid bionic swarm intelligence, which can realize multi-UAV obstacle avoidance during formation control. First, the leadership mechanism of pigeon flock is mapped to UAV swarm, and the virtual leaders are introduced to solve the unfixed relative position of level-1 leader problem. Second, the control law for UAV swarm formation is designed based on artificial potential field theory and analysis of the bionic mechanism. To avoid local minima, a guidance phase is added to the UAV formation process. By analyzing the flocking algorithm, a cooperative interaction control model of UAV swarm is established. Third, the cooperative interactive control law for UAV swarm obstacle avoidance is proposed based on improved artificial potential field function. Then the two bionic swarm control models are combined to realize the formation and obstacle avoidance of UAV swarm based on mixed bionic swarm intelligence. Finally, a series of simulations are conducted to demonstrate the proposed hybrid UAV swarm control algorithm.
Adaptive Tracking Control for Unknown Dynamics Systems with SINDYc-based Sparse Identification
Authors: Yang Guibing , Wang Tao , Yang Ming , Yu Dengxiu , Wang Zhen
Published: June 2023

Machine learning-based data-driven approaches have greatly improved system identification capabilities and facilitated the application of model-based control algorithms. However, techniques such as neural networks require significant amounts of training data and have limited generalization capabilities. To overcome this problem, we employ the sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics with control (SINDYc) for system identification, which considers both system states and control inputs. Based on the identified system, we design the controller using the backstepping control method. In order to make the algorithm more practical in real-world scenarios, we introduce an input saturation compensation system into the controller design. Additionally, we apply a command filter into the method to avoid deriving a virtual control signal and reduce the computational complexity of the controller. Through stability analysis, the proposed control algorithm ensures that the tracking error in the system is bounded. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed SINDYc-Backstepping framework by conducting simulations using a single-link robot arm.
Query Context Expansion for Open-Domain Question Answering
Authors: Zhu Wenhao , Zhang Xiaoyu , Ye Liang , Zhai Qiuhong
Published: June 2023

Humans are accustomed to autonomously associating prior knowledge with the text in a query when answering questions. However, for machines lacking cognition and common sense, a query is merely a combination of some words. Although we can enrich the semantic information of the given query through language representation or
query expansion (QE)
, the information contained in the query is still insufficient. In this paper, we propose an effective passage retrieval method named
query context expansion-based retrieval (QCER)
for
open-domain question answering (OpenQA)
. QCER associates a query with domain information by adding contextual association information based on the
pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF)
. QCER uses a dense reader to select top-n expansion terms for QE. We implement QCER by appending reader predictions, theoretically present in candidate passages, as contextual information to the initial query to form the new query. QCER with sparse representations (BM25) can improve retrieval efficiency and accelerate query convergence so that the reader can find the desired answer using fewer relevant passages, e.g., 10 passages, as soon as possible. Moreover, QCER can be easily combined with
dense passage retrieval (DPR)
to achieve even better performance, as sparse and dense representations are often complementary. Remarkably, we demonstrate that QCER achieves state-of-the-art performance in three tasks, passage retrieval, passage reading, and passage reranking, on the
Natural Questions (NQ)
and
TriviaQA (Trivia)
datasets under an extractive QA setup.
Anodic Carboxylation and Sulfonylation of Organotellurium Compounds. Electrochemical Synthesis of Hypervalent Tellurium Compounds Bearing Te–O Bonds
Authors: Fujita Toshiyasu , Inagi Shinsuke , Fuchigami Toshio
Published: June 2023

Anodic oxidation of PhTeR (R = CF3CH2, CF2H, Me, Ph) was carried out in methanol containing various supporting electrolytes (YO− M+) such as p-tosylate, benzenesulfonate, acetate, and benzoate salts using a divided cell to provide the corresponding hypervalent tellurium compounds such as monomeric PhRTe(OY)2 and dimeric PhR(OY)Te–O–TePhR(OY) predominantly in moderate to good yields.
A Highly Sensitive and Selective NH3 Sensor Based on a Spherical In2O3-Sensing Electrode Prepared Using the Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Zhang Dongxing , Zou Jie , Li Xuebin , Li Fuan , Bi Chunyue , Wang Zhenyan , Su Yuanjie , Jian Jiawen
Published: June 2023

In2O3 material with special morphology was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and was used as the sensing electrode for a mixed potential ammonia sensor based on yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte. The In2O3 sensing electrode (In2O3-SE) was sintered at different temperatures and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of the In2O3-SE sintering temperature on the performance of the sensor was investigated by testing the NH3 response at 500 °C. The results showed that the sensor attached with In2O3-SE sintered at 900 °C exhibited the largest response value (–102.1 mV for 250 ppm NH3) at 500 °C. Moreover, the response value of the sensor varied almost linearly with the logarithm of NH3 concentration in the range of 20–400 ppm, which was consistent with the mixed potential mechanism, as verified by polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. Furthermore, the sensor also displayed high sensitivity to NH3, but weak cross-sensitivities to various interfering gases (CHs, NOx, CO, CO2 and H2O) at 500 °C. It exhibited slight signal drifts both in the continuous 26-h test and in the interval test over a period of one month, which showed that the sensor attached with 900 °C-sintered In2O3-SE has acceptable short- and long-term stability.
A Ternary Nanocomposite Based on Nano-Bimetallic Platinum/Nickel Decorated on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Flow Injection Amperometric Detection of Promethazine
Authors: Saraban Akhira , Promsuwan Kiattisak , Saichanapan Jenjira , Soleh Asamee , Saisahas Kasrin , Samoson Kritsada , Wangchuk Sangay , Sanjailuk Thunyathorn , Hasin Panitat , Limbut Warakorn
Published: June 2023

We propose a nano-bimetallic platinum/nickel composite on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (nano-Pt/Ni@MWCNT) composite as electrode material, which was prepared via a simple pyrolysis method followed by a mechanical ball-milling process. Results showed that the nano-Pt/Ni particles could be anchored on the surface of the MWCNT, which was confirmed by multiple characterizations. The nanostructure of the synthesized composite provides a large specific surface area to expose a large number of active sites and the resulting enhanced electrical conductivity ultimately improves the electrocatalytic activity towards promethazine (PMZ). Furthermore, a nano-Pt/Ni@MWCNT/GCE coupled flow-injection amperometric system was used to electrochemically determine PMZ. The proposed sensor also demonstrated potential in analysis in cases involving a large number of samples, which can be rapid analysis with a high sample throughput of around 60 samples h−1. Linearity of response was shown from 0.10 to 100 μM and from 100 to 1000 μM PMZ. The detection limit was 0.03 μM and the limit of quantification was 0.11 μM. The proposed method demonstrated excellent reproducibility (RSD = 1.02%, n = 6), repeatability (RSD = 1.44%, n = 25), operational stability (RSD = 2.02%, n = 100), and interference tolerance. The viability of the nano-PtNi@MWCNT/GCE was demonstrated for the detection of PMZ in spiked saliva, urine, and beverage samples, with recoveries from 95.7 ± 0.7 to 105 ± 2%.
Efficacy and Safety of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin for Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yan , Guo Wei
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Paclitaxel and carboplatin are novel anticancer drugs that have emerged in recent years, while there is still a lack of clinical consensus on these two drugs. The study conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to analyze the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel and carboplatin for platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Methods. A systematic search was carried out in three databases of the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed from the inception of each database to March 2021, and defined the progression-free survival and overall survival as the primary outcomes. Data analysis was performed using STATA 15.1. Results. Altogether, five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis, involving 2,740 patients, including 1317 in the CD (carboplatin doxorubicin) group and 1423 in the CP (carboplatin plus paclitaxel) group. It was found that pooled OS demonstrated no significant differences between the CD group and CP group (HR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.89–1.18,

P

 = 0.340), and the differences were not statistically significant in progression-free survival (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71–0.99,

P

 = 0.140), thrombocytopenia (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.09−0.58, P = 0.775), and grade II alopecia between the two groups (OR = 9.41, 95% CI = 6.57–13.47,

P

 = 0.215). Conclusion. Current evidence suggests that paclitaxel and carboplatin do not produce more satisfactory results with respect to overall survival and reduction of side effects in treating platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer, and further studies are needed.
Coffee Management Intensification Has Changed the Tradition of Coffee Forest Use in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Kebebew Zerihun
Published: June 2023

The coffee production system has changed the notion of a forest common resources pool in southwest Ethiopia. It is weakening the customary right on forest through time. The objective of the study was to explore forest resources use in relation to coffee management intensity in southwest Ethiopia. The effect of coffee management intensification was narrated based on the nature of accessing forest resources, local control system, level of forest dependency, and nontimber forest products usage through time. Qualitative data were collected through an interview and walk-in-the-woods. It is worth mentioning that an age-old customary right is devolved, and a modified forest management arrangement is emerging along with the coffee production system. The result showed that coffee agroforest drives the use of forest resources in southwest Ethiopia. Coffee production is replacing the tradition of forest management for nontimber forest products. Collection of nontimber forest products is overwhelmed with coffee harvesting. Honey production area (i.e., Luggoo) has been changed to coffee plot. Only coffee owners hold the right to access coffee agroforest. Individual decisions are bypassing the social arrangement of forest resources usage. The nature and level of forest dependency have been changed along with the intensification of coffee management. In contrary to what most people believe, the study findings showed that better-off households are more forest dependent compared to poor households due to coffee production. The storyline depicts the need for taking into account coffee agroforest in sustainable forest management. The study suggests to revisit the notion of recognizing traditional forest resource usage brings sustainable forest management.
Effect of Liquid Nitrogen Cooling and Heating on Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal
Authors: Cai Yuhe , Xue Yi , Dang Faning , Wang Linchao , Li Xue , Su Shanjie , Wang Shengcheng , Liang Xinyu , Zhang Shaowei
Published: June 2023

The instability of rock fractures has been extensively studied in domestic and international research. This paper investigates two coal types from the Jiaozuo area, which were subjected to liquid nitrogen cyclic treatment using Brazil’s indirect tensile testing (BITT). The study analyzes the characteristics of acoustic emission (AE) and crack formation during the coal cracking process and evaluates the impact of freeze-thaw treatment with liquid nitrogen cycles on the mechanical properties of coals. The results demonstrate that liquid nitrogen has a significant impact on the formation and development of coal fractures under the Brazil splitting test conditions. As the number of cyclic treatments increases, the maximum load-bearing capacity of coal decreases, indicating a gradual reduction in the effective stress on coal samples. Furthermore, the acoustic emission activity intensity of coal mass during phased loading increases as the number of freeze-thaw cycles of liquid nitrogen increases. Finally, during phased loading of coal specimens, the primary factor is the germination, extension, and failure of tensile cracks, while the secondary factor is the development, extension, and failure of shear cracks. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the behavior of coals under freeze-thaw cycles of liquid nitrogen treatment and highlights the importance of understanding the characteristics of coal fracture instability.
Deficiency of the Polycomb Protein RYBP and TET Methylcytosine Oxidases Promotes Extensive CpG Island Hypermethylation and Malignant Transformation
Authors: Cui Wei , Huang Zhijun , Jin Seung-Gi , Johnson Jennifer , Lau Kin H. , Hostetter Galen , Pfeifer Gerd P.
Published: June 2023

Hypermethylation of CpG islands (CGI) is a common feature of cancer cells and predominantly affects Polycomb-associated genomic regions. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms leading to DNA hypermethylation in human cancer could help identify chemoprevention strategies. Here, we evaluated the role of Polycomb complexes and 5-methylcytosine (5mC) oxidases in protecting CGIs from DNA methylation and observed that four genes coding for components of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) are downregulated in tumors. Inactivation of RYBP, a key activator of variant PRC1 complexes, in combination with all three 5mC oxidases (TET proteins) in nontumorigenic bronchial epithelial cells led to widespread hypermethylation of Polycomb-marked CGIs affecting almost 4,000 target genes, which closely resembled the DNA hypermethylation landscape observed in human squamous cell lung tumors. The RYBP- and TET-deficient cells showed methylation-associated aberrant regulation of cancer-relevant pathways, including defects in the Hippo tumor suppressor network. Notably, the quadruple knockout cells acquired a transformed phenotype, including anchorage-independent growth and formation of squamous cell carcinomas in mice. This work provides a mechanism promoting hypermethylation of CGIs and shows that such hypermethylation can lead to cell transformation. The breakdown of a two-pronged protection mechanism can be a route towards genome-wide hypermethylation of CGIs in tumors.

Significance:

Dysfunction of the Polycomb component RYBP in combination with loss of 5-methylcytosine oxidases promotes widespread hypermethylation of CpG islands in bronchial cells and induces tumorigenesis, resembling changes seen in human lung tumors.
Supplementary Table 4 from Racial, Ethnic, and Sex-based Disparities among High-risk Individuals Undergoing Pancreatic Cancer Surveillance
Authors: Katona Bryson W. , Klute Kelsey , Brand Randall E. , Everett Jessica N. , Farrell James J. , Hawthorne Kieran , Kaul Vivek , Kupfer Sonia S. , Paiella Salvatore , Simeone Diane M. , Sussman Daniel A. , Zogopoulos George , Lucas Aimee L. , Kastrinos Fay , Bi Yan , Brentnall Teresa , Chung Daniel , Earl Julie , Gaddam Srinivas , Gallinger Steve , Graff John J. , Greenhalf William , Grossberg Aaron , Hart Philip , Idos Gregory , Jeter Joanne , Lindberg James , Lowy Andrew , Permuth Jennifer , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Schrader Intan , Siveke Jens , Stoffel Elena , Vornhuelz Marlies , Wadlow Raymond
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Table 4: Consent and biosample collection rates amongst HRIs stratified by high-risk subgroup
Dynamic Glycoprotein Hyposialylation Promotes Chemotherapy Evasion and Metastatic Seeding of Quiescent Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters in Breast Cancer
Authors: Dashzeveg Nurmaa K. , Jia Yuzhi , Zhang Youbin , Gerratana Lorenzo , Patel Priyam , Shajahan Asif , Dandar Tsogbadrakh , Ramos Erika K. , Almubarak Hannah F. , Adorno-Cruz Valery , Taftaf Rokana , Schuster Emma J. , Scholten David , Sokolowski Michael T. , Reduzzi Carolina , El-Shennawy Lamiaa , Hoffmann Andrew D. , Manai Maroua , Zhang Qiang , D'Amico Paolo , Azadi Parastoo , Colley Karen J. , Platanias Leonidas C. , Shah Ami N. , Gradishar William J. , Cristofanilli Massimo , Muller William A. , Cobb Brian A. , Liu Huiping
Published: June 2023

Most circulating tumor cells (CTC) are detected as single cells, whereas a small proportion of CTCs in multicellular clusters with stemness properties possess 20- to 100-times higher metastatic propensity than the single cells. Here we report that CTC dynamics in both singles and clusters in response to therapies predict overall survival for breast cancer. Chemotherapy-evasive CTC clusters are relatively quiescent with a specific loss of ST6GAL1-catalyzed α2,6-sialylation in glycoproteins. Dynamic hyposialylation in CTCs or deficiency of ST6GAL1 promotes cluster formation for metastatic seeding and enables cellular quiescence to evade paclitaxel treatment in breast cancer. Glycoproteomic analysis reveals newly identified protein substrates of ST6GAL1, such as adhesion or stemness markers PODXL, ICAM1, ECE1, ALCAM1, CD97, and CD44, contributing to CTC clustering (aggregation) and metastatic seeding. As a proof of concept, neutralizing antibodies against one newly identified contributor, PODXL, inhibit CTC cluster formation and lung metastasis associated with paclitaxel treatment for triple-negative breast cancer.

Significance:

This study discovers that dynamic loss of terminal sialylation in glycoproteins of CTC clusters contributes to the fate of cellular dormancy, advantageous evasion to chemotherapy, and enhanced metastatic seeding. It identifies PODXL as a glycoprotein substrate of ST6GAL1 and a candidate target to counter chemoevasion-associated metastasis of quiescent tumor cells.

This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 1949
TABLE 1 from A Novel Class of Ribosome Modulating Agents Exploits Cancer Ribosome Heterogeneity to Selectively Target the CMS2 Subtype of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Terzo Esteban , Apte Shruti A. , Padhye Simran , Rashed Saleh , Austin Wesley , Caponegro Michael , Reddy Anupama , Shi Shuhao , Wang Christy , Clark Roger B. , Sidransky David , Modur Vijay , Badarinarayana Vasudeo
Published: June 2023

Table showing 14 inhibitors tested in combination with ZKN-157. Combination effects were color coded blue (synergism) or orange (antagonism) according to the scores obtained from the BI analysis
Digital Technologies in Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association
Authors: Golbus Jessica R. , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Barac Ana , Cornwell William K. , Dunn Patrick , Forman Daniel E. , Martin Seth S. , Schorr Erica N. , Supervia Marta ,   on behalf of the Exercise, Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing
Published: June 2023

Cardiac rehabilitation has strong evidence of benefit across many cardiovascular conditions but is underused. Even for those patients who participate in cardiac rehabilitation, there is the potential to better support them in improving behaviors known to promote optimal cardiovascular health and in sustaining those behaviors over time. Digital technology has the potential to address many of the challenges of traditional center-based cardiac rehabilitation and to augment care delivery. This American Heart Association science advisory was assembled to guide the development and implementation of digital cardiac rehabilitation interventions that can be translated effectively into clinical care, improve health outcomes, and promote health equity. This advisory thus describes the individual digital components that can be delivered in isolation or as part of a larger cardiac rehabilitation telehealth program and highlights challenges and future directions for digital technology generally and when used in cardiac rehabilitation specifically. It is also intended to provide guidance to researchers reporting digital interventions and clinicians implementing these interventions in practice and to advance a framework for equity-centered digital health in cardiac rehabilitation.
Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Cardiac Disease: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: van Nieuwkerk Astrid C. , Delewi Ronak , Wolters Frank J. , Muller Majon , Daemen Mat , Biessels Geert Jan ,   on behalf of the Heart-Brain Connection Consortium
Published: June 2023

Cognitive impairment is common in patients with cardiovascular disease. One in 3 patients presenting at cardiology clinics have some degree of cognitive impairment, depending on the cardiac condition, comorbidities, and age. In up to half of these cases cognitive impairment may go unrecognized; however, it may affect self-management and treatment adherence. The high prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with cardiac disease is likely due to shared risk factors, as well as direct consequences of cardiac dysfunction on the brain. Moreover, cardiac interventions may have beneficial as well as adverse effects on cognitive functioning. In this review, we describe prevalence and risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with several common cardiac conditions: heart failure, coronary artery disease, and aortic valve stenosis. We discuss the potential effects of guideline-based treatments on cognition and identify open questions and unmet needs. Given the high prevalence of unrecognized cognitive impairment in cardiac patients, we recommend a stepwise approach to improve detection and management of cognitive impairment.
Computed Tomography Perfusion Parameters Predictive of Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage After Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients With Cerebral Large Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Abe Soichiro , Inoue Manabu , Shirakawa Manabu , Uchida Kazutaka , Yamada Kiyofumi , Kuramoto Yoji , Namitome Satoshi , Shindo Seigo , Sakakibara Fumihiro , Kouno Junichi , Tatebayashi Kotaro , Kinjo Norito , Tsuji Shoichiro , Tanada Shuichi , Beppu Mikiya , Matsukawa Hidetoshi , Ihara Masafumi , Yoshimura Shinichi
Published: June 2023

Background

Hemorrhagic transformation after recanalization is a severe complication in patients with a large ischemic core due to cerebral large vessel occlusion. Risk assessment using perfusion imaging to predict hemorrhagic infarction has not been established. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between perfusion imaging findings and hemorrhagic transformation in patients with acute cerebral large vessel occlusion who had undergone preoperative perfusion imaging evaluation and mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods

We enrolled consecutive patients who received mechanical thrombectomy after undergoing perfusion imaging for anterior large vessel occlusion from May 2019 to March 2022. The patients in whom recanalization were not achieved and who experienced procedure‐related bleeding were excluded. We investigated the predictors of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) by exploring preoperative perfusion imaging parameters (relative cerebral blood flow, relative cerebral blood volume, time of maximum concentration, and hypoperfusion index ratio).

Results

Among the 167 patients (median age 79 years, 47% female) enrolled, 63 (38%) and 14 (8%) patients had any intracranial hemorrhage and sICH (sICH group), respectively. The sICH group had a shorter puncture‐recanalization time than the non‐sICH group (median [interquartile range (IQR)]; 43 [34–55] versus 61 [37–88];
P
=0.046), whereas the modified Rankin scale at 90 days showed a worse prognosis (median [IQR]; 5 [5–6] versus 3 [1–4];
P
<0.01). All perfusion imaging parameters were significantly predicting the sICH group in multiple logistic regression analysis. The value of relative cerebral blood volume was the parameter most strongly associated with sICH in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (area under the curve=0.90, 95% CI [0.83–0.98]; cutoff 43 mL; sensitivity, 86 %; specificity, 87%).

Conclusion

Among perfusion computed tomography parameters, relative cerebral blood volume is highly associated with sICH after mechanical thrombectomy for cerebral large vessel occlusion. In patients with low relative cerebral blood volume regions, the indication of mechanical thrombectomy should be carefully considered for postoperative intracranial hemorrhage.
ARMing the Edge: Designing Edge Computing–Capable Machine Learning Algorithms to Target ARM Doppler Lidar Processing
Authors: Jackson Robert C. , Raut Bhupendra A. , Dematties Dario , Collis Scott M. , Ferrier Nicola , Beckman Pete , Sankaran Rajesh , Kim Yongho , Park Seongha , Shahkarami Sean , Newsom Rob
Published: June 2023

There is a need for long-term observations of cloud and precipitation fall speeds in validating and improving rainfall forecasts from climate models. To this end, the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility Southern Great Plains (SGP) site at Lamont, Oklahoma, hosts five ARM Doppler lidars that can measure cloud and aerosol properties. In particular, the ARM Doppler lidars record Doppler spectra that contain information about the fall speeds of cloud and precipitation particles. However, due to bandwidth and storage constraints, the Doppler spectra are not routinely stored. This calls for the automation of cloud and rain detection in ARM Doppler lidar data so that the spectral data in clouds can be selectively saved and further analyzed. During the ARMing the Edge field experiment, a Waggle node capable of performing machine learning applications in situ was deployed at the ARM SGP site for this purpose. In this paper, we develop and test four algorithms for the Waggle node to automatically classify ARM Doppler lidar data. We demonstrate that supervised learning using a ResNet50-based classifier will classify 97.6% of the clear-air images and 94.7% of cloudy images correctly, outperforming traditional peak detection methods. We also show that a convolutional autoencoder paired with k-means clustering identifies 10 clusters in the ARM Doppler lidar data. Three clusters correspond to mostly clear conditions with scattered high clouds, and seven others correspond to cloudy conditions with varying cloud-base heights.
Machine Learning–Based Cloud Forecast Corrections for Fusions of Numerical Weather Prediction Model and Satellite Data
Authors: Nguyen Chuyen , Nachamkin Jason E. , Sidoti David , Gull Jacob , Bienkowski Adam , Bankert Rich , Surratt Melinda
Published: June 2023

Given the diversity of cloud-forcing mechanisms, it is difficult to classify and characterize all cloud types through the depth of a specific troposphere. Importantly, different cloud families often coexist even at the same atmospheric level. The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is developing machine learning–based cloud forecast models to fuse numerical weather prediction model and satellite data. These models were built for the dual purpose of understanding numerical weather prediction model error trends as well as improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the forecasts. The framework implements a UNet convolutional neural network (UNet-CNN) with features extracted from clouds observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-16 (GOES-16) as well as clouds predicted by the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). The fundamental idea behind this novel framework is the application of UNet-CNN for separate variable sets extracted from GOES-16 and COAMPS to characterize and predict broad families of clouds that share similar physical characteristics. A quantitative assessment and evaluation based on an independent dataset for upper-tropospheric (high) clouds suggests that UNet-CNN models capture the complexity and error trends of combined data from GOES-16 and COAMPS, and also improve forecast accuracy and sensitivity for different lead time forecasts (3–12 h). This paper includes an overview of the machine learning frameworks as well as an illustrative example of their application and a comparative assessment of results for upper-tropospheric clouds.

Significance Statement

Clouds are difficult to forecast because they require, in addition to spatial location, accurate height, depth, and cloud type. Satellite imagery is useful for verifying geographical location but is limited by 2D technology. Multiple cloud types can coexist at various heights within the same pixel. In this situation, cloud/no cloud verification does not convey much information about why the forecast went wrong. Sorting clouds by physical attributes such as cloud-top height, atmospheric stability, and cloud thickness contributes to a better understanding since very different physical mechanisms produce various types of clouds. Using a fusion of numerical model outputs and GOES-16 observations, we derive variables related to atmospheric conditions that form and move the clouds for our machine learning–based cloud forecast. The resulting verification over the U.S. mid-Atlantic region revealed our machine learning–based cloud forecast corrects systematic errors associated with high atmospheric clouds and provides accurate and consistent cloud forecasts from 3 to 12 h lead times.
Climatology of Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Magnitude at Different Landfalling Stages: An Emphasis on After-Landfall Rain
Authors: Guzman Oscar , Jiang Haiyan
Published: June 2023

Estimating the magnitude of tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall at different landfalling stages is an important aspect of the TC forecast that directly affects the level of response from emergency managers. In this study, a climatology of the TC rainfall magnitude as a function of the location of the TC centers within distance intervals from the coast and the percentage of the raining area over the land is presented on a global scale. A total of 1834 TCs in the period from 2000 until 2019 are analyzed using satellite information to characterize the precipitation magnitude, volumetric rain, rainfall area, and axial-symmetric properties within the proposed landfalling categories, with an emphasis on the postlandfall stages. We found that TCs experience rainfall maxima in regions adjacent to the coast when more than 50% of their rainfall area is over the water. TC rainfall is also analyzed over the entire TC extent and the portion over land. When the total extent is considered, rainfall intensity, volumetric rain, and rainfall area increase with wind speed intensity. However, once it is quantified over the land only, we found that rainfall intensity exhibits a nearly perfect inversely proportional relation with the increase in TC rainfall area. In addition, when a TC with life maximum intensity of a major hurricane makes landfall as a tropical depression or tropical storm, it usually produces the largest spatial extent and the highest volumetric rain.

Significant Statement

This study aims to describe the cycle of tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation magnitude through a new approach that defines the landfall categories as a function of the percentage of the TC precipitating area over the land and ocean, along with the location of the TC centers within distance intervals from the coast. Our central hypothesis is that TC rainfall should exhibit distinct features in the long-term satellite time series for each of the proposed stages. We particularly focused on the overland events due to their effects on human activities, finding that the TCs that at some point of their life cycle reached major hurricane strength and made landfall as a tropical storm or tropical depression produced the highest volumetric rain over the land surface. This research also presents key observational evidence of the relationship between the rain rate, raining area, and volumetric rain for landfalling TCs.
Evaluating the Precipitation Biases over the Western Periphery of the Sichuan Basin with the ECMWF Operational Forecast Model
Authors: Li Juan , Chen Haoming , Li Puxi , Jiang Xingwen
Published: June 2023

Based on the hourly merged precipitation product, the performance of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) in simulating the diurnal variations of precipitation during warm season over the western periphery of the Sichuan basin (SCB) has been evaluated, and the underlying physical causes associated with the wet biases have also been investigated. The results show that the IFS well reproduces the spatial distributions of precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity over the SCB, as well as their diurnal variations, but the simulated precipitation peaks earlier than the observation with notable wet biases over the western periphery of the SCB. In addition, the strong wet biases exhibit notable regional differences over the western periphery of the SCB. The simulated wet biases over the southwestern periphery of the SCB expand westward to higher altitudes along the windward slope, with the maximum wet biases occurring at night. The westward expansion of the simulated stronger upward motions results in a westward shift of precipitation. However, the simulated precipitation over the northwestern periphery of the SCB has small difference in terms of the location; hence, the overestimated precipitation is associated with the stronger atmospheric instability, resulting from the higher potential temperature and the larger specific humidity near the surface. The findings revealed in this study indicate that the ECMWF forecast shows distinct uncertainties over the different complex terrain, and thus offers a promising way forward for improvements of model physical processes.
Our Church on the edge of the future: What I’m saving from the past, what I’m asking of the future
Authors: Franklin R. William
Published: June 2023

Canon Stephanie Speller’s book The Church Cracked Open is approached in this review from two unique perspectives: from the perspective of a bishop, who is part of the current institution of The Episcopal Church, and from the perspective of a critic and historian of the Church, an academic who grew up in the segregated American South. From these perspectives, the book is said to shed much-needed light on the complicity of the Episcopal Church in matters of racial justice or lack of justice. The review regrets that the book makes no connection between the Eucharist in the Episcopal Church and social justice. The review maintains that the Eucharist is the Church’s powerful instrument to challenge rising Christian nationalism.
How do states reminisce? Building relations through bonding narratives
Authors: Adams Tracy , Heimann Gadi , Kampf Zohar
Published: June 2023

Reminiscing during foreign state visits serves as a discursive means for building interstate relationships. When political leaders strategically narrate their states’ historical legacies, they construct a collective memory that serves as a resource for creating and sustaining amicable relations between states. Studying evocations of past events in 455 speeches delivered during foreign state visits between 2010 and 2020, we demonstrate the prevalence and significance of the practice of reminiscing in interstate politics. We suggest bonding narratives as a device through which a connection is generated between two collectives to create and sustain positive relations. Despite the unique nature of bonding narratives, the constructed collective memory mostly relies on shared memories of wars, once again underlining the link between nations and violence.
Mirroring and switching authoritative personae: A ventriloquial analysis of shareholder engagement on carbon emissions
Authors: Slager Rieneke , Gond Jean-Pascal , Sjöström Emma
Published: June 2023

We examine how the authority of investors to speak about climate change with corporations is established. Leveraging the ‘communication as constitutive of organisations’ (CCO) perspective, we analyse who speaks on behalf of whom (or what) in shareholder engagement on corporate carbon emissions. Based on access to private dialogues between an engager acting on behalf of a pool of investors with 20 utility corporations, we identify how three authoritative personae—that of diplomat, advocate, and coach—convey climate change concerns. We find that the mirroring of these authoritative personae by corporations may lead to deliberation, evasion, or rejection of the suggested courses of action. We theorise how relational authority is communicatively constituted in shareholder engagement through a process of mirroring and switching between authoritative personae. Our framework contributes to the study of CCO and relational authority by highlighting how meta-figures are used by external actors in an attempt to author appropriate corporate actions. We discuss the implications of our framework for the role of shareholder engagement in current attempts at greening financial capitalism.
The Taste of Freedom, the Smell of Captivity: Sensory Narratives of the Hungarian Camp of Bergen–Belsen
Authors: Huhák Heléna
Published: June 2023

This research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the role of sensory impressions in narratives of the everyday lives of prisoners in a concentration camp. I examine the narrative strategies in a diary and an early postwar memoir in the so-called Hungarian camp of Bergen–Belsen. I focus on how the survivors who produced these texts included references to sensory impressions in their accounts. By paying attention to mention in the survivors’ narratives of the more neglected elements of human experience (such as hearing, taste, smell and touch), I consider the ways in which non-visual sensory impressions were used in the narratives to convey experiences, observations, and feelings. I argue that in their depictions of everyday life in the camp, these testimonies used references to changes in their sensory impressions to represent processes and subtle changes in the social lives of the prisoners, which created a discursive space for the authors to express their emotions. This paper also attempts to introduce the term ‘sensory narratives’ into Holocaust studies in an effort to move beyond interpretations of historical narratives as representations of bodies and to engage with them as accounts that were created by bodies, including the senses.
Business Engagement Strategies for Vocational Rehabilitation Professionals: A Scoping Review
Authors: Murphy Kathleen M. , Rasmussen Jeremy , Trevino Sara , Scardaville Melissa
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this scoping review was to identify research-based resources that explore vocational rehabilitation-related business engagement strategies as they relate to three steps: (a) understanding business needs, (b) marketing to businesses, and (c) supporting businesses. In doing so, this review begins to identify strategies that may support vocational rehabilitation agencies and their compliance with the business engagement requirements mandated by the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act. The search of several databases and gray literature identified 153 resources with titles and abstracts that met screening criteria, 54 of which met the inclusion criteria after a review of the full text. Because the purpose of a scoping review is to describe the landscape of available literature on a given topic, this review did not vet studies for quality, nor did it exclude studies of interventions that did not lead to successful business engagement outcomes. Given its goal of identifying broadly relevant information available, the review included resources from non–peer-reviewed, practitioner-oriented sources.
The Vulnerable Workforce: A Call for Research
Authors: Restubog Simon Lloyd D. , Schilpzand Pauline , Lyons Brent , Midel Deen Catherine , He Yaqing
Published: June 2023

In this commentary, we argue that the work experiences of vulnerable workers merit scholarly attention. We elaborate on the concept of vulnerability in light of the person and context interaction. Additionally, we offer compelling reasons to highlight the significance of research on vulnerable workers in the realm of management research. Finally, we outline some of the challenges researchers face when studying this special population and suggest practical solutions to overcome methodological and logistical challenges towards developing and conducting research on the vulnerable workforce.
Bonding With Adolescents in Foster Care: Perspectives of Foster Parents
Authors: Nicoleau-Poliard Alicia , Fox Curtis A. , Sealy Diadrey-Anne
Published: June 2023

Adolescents in foster care are removed from their families of origin and are placed with foster families for temporary care until they are able to be granted a more permanent placement. This purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the bonding experience of adolescents in foster care = with their foster parents. This study included 10 foster parents who had an African-American adolescent between the ages of 12 to 18 in their care. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The analysis began with coding to develop an understanding of the bonding experiences between adolescents and their foster parents. Four processes emerged that seemed to influence bonding: communicating in conflict with empathy or assertion, sharing personal time, creating rituals, and offering support. Foster parents appeared to demonstrate the processes when there was a focus on the adolescent being a part of the family. This present study has implications for theory, research, and practice.
The Role and Contributions of Nurses in Stroke Rehabilitation Units: An Integrative Review
Authors: Tanlaka Eric F. , McIntyre Amanda , Connelly Denise , Guitar Nicole , Nguyen Angela , Snobelen Nancy
Published: June 2023

Nurses’ contributions to stroke rehabilitation have been viewed as pivotal, but therapeutically nonspecific. This integrative review synthesized empirical literature on the roles and contributions of nurses to inpatient stroke rehabilitation to answer three research questions: (a) What specific skills or tasks have been identified as the roles and contributions of nurses to inpatient stroke rehabilitation? (b) How do nurses perform these skills/tasks to support and promote inpatient stroke rehabilitation and recovery? and (c) What factors have been identified to impact nurses’ working conditions on inpatient stroke rehabilitation units? A systematic search of multiple electronic databases retrieved seven studies which provided significant context and examples to these questions. What nurses do in practice included, for example, maximizing patients’ independence in performing daily activities, preventing harm, and preserving integrity. How nurses perform their therapeutic roles included teaching, coaching, coordination, management, advocacy, collaboration. Factors that impact nurses’ working conditions consisted of time, resources, and knowledge. This review demonstrates our current understanding of nurses’ contributions to inpatient stroke rehabilitation, highlights their significant role, identifies current barriers/challenges of implementing stroke nursing care, and suggests ways of documenting and measuring nurses’ contributions.