bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of somatic cell count of cow’s milk on the lipolysis and fatty acid profile of farmer cheese
Authors: Ivanov Galin Iordanov , Bilgücü Ertuğrul , Balabanova Tatyana Boryanova , Ivanova Ivelina Vasileva
Published: June 2022

The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) of raw cow’s milk on the lipolysis and oxidative processes in farmer cheese. The farmer cheese samples were produced from three different batches of raw cow’s milk of low (about 100,000 cells/mL, batch L), medium (between 500,000 and 600,000 cells/mL, batch M), and high (above 1,500,000 cells/mL, batch H) SCC. The farmer cheese samples were aged and cold-stored at 4 ± 1°C for three and ten months, respectively. Lipolysis in the farmer cheese samples was evaluated by monitoring the changes in cheese fatty acid values and peroxide values, as well as the changes in the fatty acid profile. Results indicated intensive lipolysis during aging and cold storage of batch H; increased concentrations of short-chain fatty acids as well as a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids were observed. It can thus be concluded that the accelerated lipolysis in farmer cheese samples made from raw cow’s milk with high SCC could cause some quality defects, and reduce cheeses’ shelf life.
Effects of wort preparing parameters on the composition of soluble dietary fibre in wheat beer
Authors: Song Zhaolin , Du Jinhua , Li Miaomiao , Zhang Kaili
Published: June 2022

Wheat beer would be a desirable source of quality soluble dietary fibre (SDF). The effects of wort preparing parameters on SDF in wheat beer were investigated in the present work. Non-starch polysaccharides and polyphenols were greatly influenced by wheat malt percentage (WMP), while resistant protein (RP) was augmented by extending resting at 63°C. By verification test, the optimised parameters for high SDF wheat beer were WMP 55%, resting for 20 min at 43°C, 20 min at 50°C, and 20 min at 63°C, in which SDF was 2,178 mg/L. Most of SDF in wheat wort were retained in beer during fermentation and maturation (R = 0.561*). And SDF of wheat beer contained more RP and polyphenols. The present work contributes in controlling SDF content in wheat beer. It also has important guiding significance for beer brewing enterprises to develop new products rich in SDF.
Binary ethanol-water solvents affect betalain contents and health-promoting properties of red Celosia argentea inflorescence extracts
Authors: Thiyajai Parunya , Koyama Tomoyuki
Published: June 2022

The present work aimed to compare the betalain profiles and contents in the red inflorescence of Celosia argentea extract obtained using different ethanol-water ratios. The impact of betalain content on the health-promoting properties was also evaluated. Freeze-dried inflorescence powder was extracted three times with aqueous-ethanol (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80% (v/v) ethanol). The highest total betacyanin content was found in the 40 and 60% aqueous-ethanolic extracts. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of the extracts increased with increasing ethanol concentration. The antioxidant activities measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay of the 60 and 80% aqueous-ethanolic extracts were significantly higher than that of ascorbic acid. The IC50 of α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of all extracts were comparable to that of acarbose. Phenolics were the major responsible compounds for antioxidant (r = 0.975, p < 0.01 by ORAC assay), α-amylase (r = -0.725, p < 0.01), and lipase (r = 0.607, p < 0.05) inhibitory activities, whilst betacyanins corresponded to α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (r = 0.627, p < 0.05). The 60% aqueous-ethanolic extract was superior to the others in terms of colour, phytochemical contents, and health-promoting activities. These extracts can be utilised as natural food colorant, functional ingredients, and nutraceuticals.
Valorisation of agricultural by-product: Optimisation of alcohol-based extraction of polyphenols from chestnut peel using Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Turkmen Erol Nihal , Incedayi Bige , Sari Ferda , Çopur Utku
Published: June 2022

In the present work, solvent concentration, extraction time, and solid to solvent (S/S) ratio were evaluated in order to recover the majority of polyphenols from chestnut peel waste using ethanol and methanol. Extraction method for polyphenols from peel pre-treated by ohmic heating (OH) was optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of these independent variables on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (AC) was studied using Box-Behnken Design (BBD). A second-order polynomial model provided a satisfactory fit to the experimental data with a high coefficient of determination (R2) value. Results showed that S/S ratio and solvent concentration were generally significant variables during extraction in terms of TPC and AC. The optimum extraction conditions were obtained as 1/10 of S/S ratio and 60% of solvent concentration for both solvents. As the optimum extraction time, 82.41 min for ethanolic extraction and 116.97 min for methanolic extraction were selected. Under these optimal conditions, TPC values of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts were found to be 39.02 and 38.79 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter (mg GAE/g DM), respectively, thus indicating highly close agreement to the predicted values. Consequently, the effectiveness of the solvents used was found to be very similar to each other. The OH pre-treatment appeared to be a promising technique for polyphenolic extraction from industrial wastes.
Diffusion analysis of carbon dioxide released by egg respiration at different storage temperatures based on FLUENT
Authors: Wang Jiao Jiao , Cao Rui , Wang Qiao Hua , Ma Mei Hu
Published: June 2022

Temperature is an important factor affecting the changes in the amount of gas exchanged between eggs and the surrounding during storage. The effect of temperature changes on the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) from eggs was studied using eggs from the same breed. The experimental samples were divided into three groups, and placed in a storage box at 4, 25, or 35°C with 65% relative humidity for 20 days, and a breathalyser was used to measure the amount of CO2 released by the eggs. The FLUENT software was used to simulate the diffusion at different temperatures. The conclusion from the present work was that as the temperature decreased, the amount and speed of CO2 released by the eggs also decreased. The simulation results show that the diffusion of CO2 released by egg respiration can be divided into the following sequential stages: initial, descending, mixing, and turbulence. When the storage temperature was 4°C, the CO2 cloud of eggs was the lowest, followed by 35°C, and finally 25°C. The results show that the direction of gas diffusion was mainly affected by temperature, diffusion volume, and diffusion velocity, and that temperature mainly affected vertical gas diffusion. The present work thus provides a theoretical basis for egg respiration related research.
Impact of tartrazine and curcumin on mineral status, and thyroid and reproductive hormones disruption in vivo
Authors: Shakoor Sadaf , Ismail Amin , Zia-Ur-Rahman  , Sabran Mohd Redzwan , Bekhit Alaa El-Din , Roohinejad Shahin
Published: June 2022

Endocrine disrupters (EDCs) are naturally occurring or man-made substances that either mimic or obstruct the functions of oestrogens and androgens, thyroid hormones, as well as microminerals in the body. The present work aimed to evaluate the effects of oral administration of tartrazine and curcumin, synthetic and natural dyes, respectively, on thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH), female reproductive hormones (oestrogen, progesterone, LH, and FSH), and minerals (iron, copper, zinc, sodium, potassium, and chloride) in plasma, liver, and kidney of female rats after 15, 30, and 45 d of treatment. The rats were treated with admissible daily intake (ADI) and 10× ADI (9.6 and 96 mg/kg/body weight for tartrazine, 3.85 and 38.5 mg/kg/body weight for curcumin, respectively). Results showed significant changes in thyroid and female reproductive hormones, especially, in the tartrazine-treated groups as compared to the control. Low and high doses of tartrazine and curcumin significantly (p < 0.05) decreased iron, copper, and zinc concentrations in plasma, whereas, the concentrations of sodium and copper in liver and kidney increased. Both tartrazine and curcumin, at ADI and 10× ADI, resulted in lower LH levels after 30 and 45 d of treatment. After 30 d, low and high dose of tartrazine significantly decreased T4, oestrogen, and FSH levels; whereas, progesterone level increased. The results demonstrated that hormone secretion and mineral content in tissues are severely affected at ADI and higher concentrations of tartrazine and curcumin. These observations suggested that lower doses of these dyes might be a safer option for their usage in foods and pharmaceuticals.
Physicochemical, volatile, amino acid, and sensory profiles of instant noodles incorporated with salted duck egg white from various salting durations
Authors: Lekjing Somwang , Venkatachalam Karthikeyan
Published: June 2022

The physicochemical, volatile, amino acid, and sensory profiles of salted duck egg white (SDEW) incorporated in instant noodles were studied. There were nine instant noodle samples tested in the present work namely C1: wheat flour; WF; C2: WF ± non-salted duck egg white; T1: WF ± SDEW - 0 d; T2: WF ± SDEW - 5 d; T3: WF ± SDEW - 10 d; T4: WF ± SDEW - 15 d; T5: WF ± SDEW - 20 d; T6: WF ± SDEW - 25 d; and T7: WF ± SDEW - 30 d. The colour coordinates of lightness and yellowness continuously decreased from C2 to T7 (p < 0.05). The pH of C1 was the lowest. The cooking yield and optimum cooking time were highest for T7 (p < 0.05). Similarly, the hardness, firmness, chewiness, tensile strength, and elasticity were higher for SDEW-added noodles (p < 0.05). Conversely, the stickiness decreased but remained high in SDEW-added noodles. The free sulfhydryl (SH) and disulphide (SS) groups were higher in duck egg white (DEW) than in SDEW-added noodles. DEW- and SDEW-added noodles showed a wide range of flavour compounds (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there were 19 amino acids detected in the noodles, and SDEW-added noodles showed more and wider variety of amino acids (p < 0.05). Sensory characteristics such as colour, roughness, stickiness, firmness, flavour, and overall liking were slightly higher for T5 than the other treatments.
Application of hyperspectral imaging to discriminate waxy corn seed vigour after aging
Authors: Yuan Peng , Pang Lei , Wang Lianming , Yan Lei
Published: June 2022

A hyperspectral imaging system covering 400 - 1000 nm spectral range was applied for vigour detection of waxy maize seeds after artificial aging. After spectral pre-processing, the characteristic wavelength was selected by uninformative variable elimination (UVE), competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), and random frog (RF) methods. The moisture, starch, protein, and fat contents were measured for each grade of seed, and these values were correlated with the spectrum. Finally, the vitality detection model was established by least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM), extreme learning machine (ELM), and random forest (RF). The prediction sets exhibited high classification accuracy (> 99%) for 115 features. The model constructed from the bands significantly correlated with chemical composition (CC), and was better than the classic feature selection methods. The overall results indicated that hyperspectral imaging could be a potential technique to assess seed vigour.
Microbial metabolites in fermented food products and their potential benefits
Authors: Nagarajan Muralidharan , Rajasekaran Bharathipriya , Venkatachalam Karthikeyan
Published: June 2022

Fermented food products are unique, and their consideration and consumption rates have significantly increased as they have various functional properties which include beneficial health activities to the consumers. Fermented food products contain a plethora of microbial metabolites. Microorganisms are the key factors that determine the characteristics of the food and metabolites produced during fermentation. The major microbial metabolites are enzymes, amino acids, bacteriocins, organic acids, pigments, bioactive compounds (polyphenolics, alkaloids, and antibiotics), and vitamins that enhance the sensorial and nutritional quality of fermented foods. Furthermore, the metabolites possess various probiotic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, and also help control multiple acute and chronic diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, allergies, diabetes, and gastrointestinal disorders. Therefore, the present review elaborates the microbial metabolites of various fermented food products and their functional properties, as well as their impacts on consumers’ health.
Resistant starch in native Tacca (Tacca leontopetaloides) starch and its various modified starches
Authors: Nurhayati Rifa , Suryadi A. N. , Ariani Dini , Herawati Ervika Rahayu Novita , Miftakhussolikhah  , Marsono Y.
Published: June 2022

Tacca (Tacca leontopetaloides) tubers have a high amylose content which can be modified to increase the resistant starch content. The present work therefore aimed to study the influence of acid hydrolysis, enzymes, and autoclaving cooling treatments on resistant starch content formation from Tacca starch. To this end, the amylose and resistant starch contents, and the microstructure of the samples were determined. Results showed that Tacca starch treated by a combination of acid, enzyme, and autoclaving cooling treatments had the highest resistant starch content which increased from 4.09 to 61.96%, with amylose content increasing from 31.62 to 77.87%. This showed a strong correlation between the increased amylose and resistant starch contents. The microstructure of the starch granules changed from a globular shape into a crystalline structure through SEM observation.
Türkiye’de Kültürel Alan ve Sembolik Mücadele: Tematik Bir Analiz
Authors: ÇİL Hüseyin
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de sık sık gündeme gelen “kültürel iktidar” tartışmalarının mahiyetini anlamaktır. Kültürel iktidar tartışmaları özellikle 2013 yılı Haziranındaki Gezi Parkı olaylarından sonra gündeme gelmiştir. Bu tarihten günümüze doğru, konu hakkında farklı medya araçlarıyla önemli tartışmalar yürütülmüştür. Tartışmaların bir tarafında dini ve milli kimliğini öne çıkaran “sağ” entelektüeller bulunurken diğer tarafında kendini bu cephenin karşısında konumlayan “sol” entelektüeller yer almıştır. Çalışmada bu iki tarafın mücadelesi Pierre Bourdieu’nün kültürel alan kavramı çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Kültürel iktidar tartışması kültürel alan içinde gerçekleşen bir sembolik mücadele olarak ele alınmıştır. Tartışmaların yoğunlaştığı 2014-2019 yıllarında yayınlanmış farklı medya mecralarından seçilen seksen sekiz tane metin tematik analize tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, sağ ve sol şeklinde iki karşıt konumu içeren kültürel alanda “meşru adlandırma tekelini” elde etmeye yönelik sembolik mücadelenin kültürel iktidar tartışmalarının özünü oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Bu sembolik mücadele, karşıt konumların farklı dışlayıcı stratejilerini içermektedir. Bunlar, özet olarak; niteliksizliğe vurgu, politik iktidarla özdeşleştirme ve ekonomik iktidarla özdeşleştirme şeklinde sıralanabilir.
Analysis on the Optimization of Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Education Based on AGIL Model
Authors: Wu Zhuohua
Published: June 2022

Talent training is not only one of the main functions of colleges and universities,but also an important way to meet the needs of society.With the progress and development of science and technology,social issues have shown a trend of integration,and high-leveled compound talents with multidisciplinary theoretical knowledge and open thinking mode are in urgent need in solving social problems.Therefore,the status of interdisciplinary talent training is gradually improving.Interdisciplinary postgraduate education is essentially one of the social subsystems,which is constrained by society and follows the pace of the changes in society.Based on Parsons’ “AGIL” model,this paper analyzes the development of interdisciplinary postgraduate education,summarizes the existing problems,and proposes an optimal path for interdisciplinary postgraduate training from four functional dimensions to promote the smooth development of interdisciplinary postgraduate education.
INTERACIONISMO EM AQUISIÇÃO DE LINGUAGEM: UM CAMINHO TEÓRICO MARCADO POR MUDANÇAS
Authors: Pereira Lima Carvalho Magda Wacemberg
Published: June 2022

Colocamos em destaque o caminho empreendido pela pesquisadora brasileira Cláudia de Lemos, no campo da aquisição de linguagem, em busca de uma teoria que pudesse dar conta de questões relacionadas à investigação do percurso linguístico da criança. Apresentamos algumas de suas principais discussões acerca de uma proposição teórica sobre a linguagem que contempla a fala de crianças enquanto fala não-analisada, isto é, de uma teoria fundamentada na relação sujeito/língua, que se afasta da noção de aquisição como resultado de estágios de desenvolvimento. Nessa perspectiva, focalizamos a proposta de diálogo como unidade de análise e a visão estrutural de análise linguística. Além disso, retomamos pontos importantes da formulação teórica da autora como a noção de captura, em que a criança seria capturada pela linguagem antes mesmo de começar a falar, e, ainda, a noção de sujeito como efeito da linguagem, constituído a partir da relação com o outro-falante. Com isso, é ressaltada a importância de se admitir que as mudanças e reformulações do interacionismo, enquanto proposta teórica, mostram que a interação é a condição necessária para o processo de aquisição da linguagem.
PERSONAGENS DA COMUNICAÇÃO ENTRE FRONTEIRAS: ANÁLISES DAS NARRATIVAS DA REVISTA VEJA SOBRE UMA ILHA COMUNISTA
Authors: Silva Antonio Sebastião da
Published: June 2022

Os resultados de pesquisa apresentados neste artigo objetivam compreender a formação política e cultural nas fronteiras comunicacionais como consequência da globalização, com reflexo nas mediações para formação de conhecimento social sobre a América Latina. Neste processo de interações sociais e conflitos de poder, as narrativas resultam de estratégias para composição de significados com seleção de vozes e performance dos personagens nos acontecimentos políticos, na construção de territorialidade política e cultural de narrativa hegemônica, cuja tessitura da trama, centra-se, neste contexto, em Cuba sob regime comunista. A metodologia empregada é a Análise Crítica da Narrativa, na análise de procedimentos dos narradores na configuração dos agentes sociais na diegese jornalística. O corpus da pesquisa resulta de enredos políticos da revista Veja, semanário tradicional brasileiro e ampla audiência, sobre cobertura política do país latino-americano entre os anos de 2008 e 2010, quando da aproximação com os Estados Unidos, com enfoque no período de mudanças da presidência com a impossibilidade física de Fidel Castro para governar a nação. Sobressaindo-se das análises a concepção de um núcleo simbólico de personagens, em consequência de estratégias construção da tessitura da trama política da revista Veja na defesa do modelo neoliberal, com reflexo na economia e cultura regional.
Importance and Application of COBOL in Banking Sectors
Authors: Prem Mangesh Mundekar  , Prof. Divakar Jha
Published: June 2022

COBOL stands for COmmon Business Oriented Language. One of the first of the high-level languages, it was put together by a group sponsored by the Department of Defense to develop a common business language. That group came to be called CODASYL—the Committee on Data Systems Languages—and defined a “common business oriented language,” Banks invested several millions in designing Mainframe systems architectures to respond to the business requirements. Whether that was a bank statement or an on-line money wiring transaction. COBOL became a reality. And became a liability. Moving from it meant to invest too much money in infrastructure and training and adding up the risk of fail on mission critical business functions. (I keep to my self that the most sensitive part of the human body is the pocket. And a Bank is nothing a huge pocket). This research paper will tell us about the importance and several applications of COBOL in banking sectors through several studies and their respective results.
Based on IOT Water Quality Monitoring System
Authors: Kavitha Juliet  , GN Chandana  , Sahana MS  , Rekha Gadigeppaamaragol  , Rekha
Published: June 2022

Water is a basic use for all beings, however as growth in population, pollution, and climate change desalinate water a scarce resource, water quality is becoming extremely relevant, especially for individual buildings. These vintage laboratory-based testing regime have become time-consuming, exorbitant, and cannot provide real-time feedback. Water pollution is one of the major threats to green trade liberalization, so it must be managed to preserve its quality. The design and development of a low-cost system that uses the Internet of Things to monitor water quality metrics in real time, specifically for household use, is the topic of this study. The pH, turbidity, flow, and temperature of drinking water are common environmental monitoring parameters (WQMS) that are evaluated in this work.
Are Women a Soft Target for Cyber Crime in India
Authors: Dar Showkat Ahmad , Nagrath Dolly
Published: June 2022

A growing global issue that might have significant social and economic repercussions is cyber violence against women. This is due to the growing popularity of social media, the spread of information via mobile devices, and the growth of the internet. Any form of sexual or gender-based violence against women that takes place through ICTs like the Internet, mobile devices, and video games is referred to as cyber violence. These technologies are ideal for using as weapons against women for a variety of reasons these include cyber stalking, sexual abuse (including sending sexually explicit or pornographic emails to the victim), cyber extortion, cyber bullying, cybersex trafficking, and phishing. Even if there are more crimes against women overall, a woman can find that experiencing a cybercrime is the most upsetting thing that has ever happened to her. More so in India, where women are devalued and cybercrimes aren't even given significant legal consideration. India's legal system's current rules and practises are shown to have gaps in Cyber Crimes against Women, as well as what can be done to keep individuals secure online. In this essay, I'd want to discuss the various cybercrimes that can affect women and how they can harm them. I also briefly discuss new laws that are being introduced in this field, such as the Criminal Amendment Bill, as well as the many statutes that protect women in these circumstances, such as the Information Technology Act of 2000. (2013). to reach a conclusion, I consider a number of well-known cybercrime cases. Additionally, we need to consider a couple of answers for the rising frequency of cyber crimes against ladies in India. At the end, we talk about the choices accessible to casualties of cyber crime and the changes that should be made to the overall set of laws to battle the rising tide of cyber crimes.
The springs of the starred vault of the Chapel of the Lonja in Valencia and other Valencian starred vaults. Geometric analysis
Authors: Capilla Tamborero Esther Aurelia
Published: June 2022

The geometric analysis and the design and execution process of the springs of the starred vault that covers the Chapel of the Lonja de los Mercaderes in Valencia (Spain), built in the late 15th century is the subject of study and research in this paper. The springs of other starred vaults are also mentioned, such as the one that covered the chapter house of the Valldigna monastery (Simat, Valencia) or those of the church of San Bartolomé in Jávea (Alicante). The geometry of the basket arches that start from the springs, the arrangement of the courses in the tas-de-charge, and the way in which the intersection of the five arches that start from the springs occurs in a horizontal plane located above the springer corbel, is shown. Other geometric relationships are shown, such as the one that relates the height of the horizontal spring planes with the general geometry of the vault; or the way in which the springs were designed and executed with the finality of relating or ruling out possible authorship of other vaults.
Validación de un cuestionario para la evaluación de la interacción en la enseñanza universitaria
Authors: Alvarez-Alvarez Carmen , Sánchez-Ruiz Lidia , Sarabia Cobo Carmen , Montoya-del Corte Javier
Published: June 2022

A pesar de que la interacción en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje es un fenómeno muy investigado, en el ámbito universitario no existen instrumentos para medirla. Teniendo esto en cuenta, este artículo tiene como objetivo validar el cuestionario "Instrumento de Medición de la Interacción en la Educación Superior (cuestionario IMIES)", que consta de 35 ítems tipo Likert. La validación se ha realizado con una muestra de 2.170 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes Grados y Másteres Oficiales de todos los cursos académicos en una Universidad del norte de España Según nuestros resultados, el cuestionario ha mostrado buenas propiedades y buenas medidas de fiabilidad en siete factores clave. Se puede concluir que el IMIES es una herramienta que contribuye a iniciar y mejorar la evaluación de los procesos de interacción en la enseñanza universitaria. Consideramos que es un instrumento útil tanto para el profesorado, como herramienta de autoevaluación, como para las universidades en su conjunto como herramienta de diagnóstico general para fomentar la interacción en sus aulas.
Opinión de estudiantes universitarios respecto al desempeño docente en las tutorías académicas
Authors: Hickman Rodríguez Hortensia , Cepeda Islas María Luisa , Bautista Diaz María Leticia , Alarcón Armendáriz Martha Elba
Published: June 2022

La tutoría académica es una modalidad de la actividad docente que comprende acciones educativas centradas en el estudiante y complementa la docencia, sin sustituirla.  Al ser una estrategia del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje encaminada al mejoramiento, por parte del estudiantado, de las habilidades científicas y comprensión de la asignatura, es central valorar los modos en que los profesores la ejercen.  En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la opinión que estudiantes de pregrado tienen respecto al desempeño de sus profesores durante las tutorías académicas en una Institución de Educación Superior.  Se aplicó la subescala de tutorías académicas del Cuestionario de Opinión de la Práctica Docente por Estudiantes -COPDE- a 1219 estudiantes, compuesto por 11 preguntas con opción múltiple y una abierta.  Se aplicaron pruebas no paramétricas para comparar la opinión del alumnado hacia el desempeño del docente en la tutoría académica. El contenido de la opinión a la pregunta abierta se analizó en función de las categorías de metodología docente; evaluación y ajuste al programa y, actitud y ética profesional. Los hallazgos muestran correspondencia entre los análisis cuantitativos y cualitativos en términos de las diferencias significativas en la opinión del estudiantado respecto al desempeño docente en función del semestre y turno, pero no por sexo. Es importante establecer criterios para evaluar las habilidades de una tutoría de calidad con el fin de mejorar y fortalecer a esta actividad.
Reporting Quality in Abstracts of Randomized Controlled Trials Published in High-Impact Occupational Therapy Journals
Authors: Fernández-Pires Paula , Prieto-Botella Daniel , Valera-Gran Desirée , Hurtado-Pomares Miriam , Espinosa-Sempere Cristina , Sánchez-Pérez Alicia , Juárez-Leal Iris , Peral-Gómez Paula , Moreno-Campos Leticia , Navarrete-Muñoz Eva-María
Published: June 2022

Importance: Adequate reporting in the abstracts of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is essential to enable occupational therapy practitioners to critically appraise the validity of findings.

Objective: To evaluate the reporting quality and characteristics of RCT abstracts published between 2008 and 2018 in the occupational therapy journals with the five highest impact factors in 2018.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Data Sources: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT), Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (AOTJ), Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy (CJOT), Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy (SJOT), and Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics (POTP) were identified using a Web of Science search.

Study Selection and Data Collection: We searched Scopus for abstracts in the five included journals. We used a 17-point scale based on the CONSORT for Abstracts (CONSORT-A) checklist to assess reporting quality. We also identified characteristics of the abstracts.

Findings: Seventy-eight RCT abstracts were assessed and showed moderate to low adherence to the CONSORT-A checklist (Mdn = 8, interquartile range = 7–9). Abstracts of articles with authors from a higher number of institutions, European first authors, and >200 words had higher CONSORT-A scores. The most underreported CONSORT-A items were trial design, blinding, numbers analyzed, outcome (results), harms, trial registration, and funding.

Conclusions and Relevance: Between 2008 and 2018, the reporting quality in RCT abstracts from the five highest impact occupational therapy journals was moderate to low. Inadequate reporting in RCT abstracts raises the risk that occupational therapy practitioners will make ineffective clinical decisions based on misinterpretation of findings.

What This Article Adds: Reporting quality in RCT abstracts in occupational therapy journals is moderate to low. Journal editors should require authors of RCTs to use the CONSORT-A checklist to promote optimal reporting and transparency in abstracts.
Validation of the Persian Version of the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey (EMAS) in an Iranian Stroke Population: Predictors of Participation in Meaningful Activities
Authors: Cheraghifard Moslem , Akbarfahimi Malahat , Azad Akram , Eakman Aaron M. , Taghizadeh Ghorban
Published: June 2022

Importance: The inability to participate in meaningful activities is one of stroke survivors’ main difficulties and has a negative effect on their satisfaction and quality of life.

Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey (EMAS–P) and predictors of participation in meaningful activity among chronic stroke survivors.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Medical and rehabilitation centers.

Participants: One hundred twenty-three people (75 men, 48 women) with chronic stroke.

Outcomes and Measures: Participants were evaluated with the EMAS–P, Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Purpose in Life Test–Short Form (PIL–SF), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF–36), and Life Satisfaction Index–Z (LSI–Z).

Results: The EMAS–P showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .95) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = .87 for EMAS–P total score). Test–retest reliability for each EMAS–P item was moderate (κ = .40–.65). A significant correlation between the EMAS–P and PIL–SF (r = .86), SWLS (r = .83), LSI–Z (r = .75), and SF–36 subscales (rs = .52–.83) indicated the appropriate convergent validity. The EMAS–P’s discriminative validity was also confirmed for age, depression level, and disability level among people with chronic stroke. Depression, disability level, gender, and fatigue were significant predictors of EMAS–P score.

Conclusions and Relevance: The results indicate that the EMAS–P has acceptable reliability and validity among Iranian people with chronic stroke. Moreover, the EMAS–P showed good discriminant validity for age, depression, and disability level among them.

What This Article Adds: The EMAS–P is a reliable and valid scale for assessing the engagement of Iranian chronic stroke survivors in meaningful activities and thus should be helpful in both clinical research and practice.
Difficult Men
Authors: Martin Brett
Published: June 2022

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the landscape of television began an unprecedented transformation. While the networks continued to chase the lowest common denominator, a wave of new shows on cable channels dramatically stretched television's narrative inventiveness, emotional resonance, and artistic ambition. Combining deep reportage with cultural analysis and historical context, Brett Martin recounts the rise and inner workings of a genre that represents not only a new golden age for TV, but also a cultural watershed. Difficult Men features extensive interviews with all the major players, including David Chase, David Simon, David Milch, and Alan Ball; in addition to other writers, executives, directors and actors. Martin delivers never-before-heard story after story, revealing how cable television became a truly significant and influential part of our culture.
A hallgatói munka értékelésének újragondolása a hazai felsőoktatásban tanító szaknyelvoktatók körében végzett kérdőíves felmérés tükrében
Authors: Kóris Rita , Pál Ágnes
Published: June 2022

A COVID-19 világjárvány következtében 2020 márciusában bevezetett távoktatás egyik legnagyobb kihívása a hallgatói munka értékelésének szükségszerű újragondolása volt. A tanulmány arra keresi a választ, hogy a kényszerű távoktatás tapasztalatai alapján milyen lehetőségek nyílnak meg a szaknyelvi kurzusokon a hallgatók munkájának értékelésére. A tanulmány ismerteti annak a kérdőíves felmérésnek az eredményeit, amely a hazai szaknyelvoktatók körében készült 2020 őszén. A kutatás igyekezett felmérni, hogy a korábbi félév tapasztalatával a hátuk mögött az oktatók a szaknyelvoktatásban mennyire tartják alkalmasnak a hallgatók munkájának az értékelésére a különböző feladattípusokat, valamint a távoktatás bevezetése következtében a hagyományos oktatási környezethez képest melyek azok a feladatok, amelyek előtérbe kerültek. A kutatás eredményei rávilágítanak a jelenléti és a ’kényszertávoktatás’ alatt hatékonynak vélt értékelési formák különbségeire. Az online oktatási térben a komplexebb, elemző, értelmező és alkotó feladattípusok bizonyulnak hatékonyabbnak a hallgatók értékelésére, így nagyobb hangsúlyt kapnak a formatív értékelési módszerek.
Риси неофольклоризму в баянно-акордеонній творчості Віктора Власова (на прикладах аналізу музичних творів)
Authors: USTYMENKO-KOSORICH Olena , KABLOVA Tetiana , SPODARENKO Viktor
Published: June 2022

Вивчення репертуарної специфіки інструментального мистецтва на сьогодні є переважаючим за своїм значенням напрямком. З одного боку, це обумовлено презентацією українського репертуару відповідно до його актуальності в межах формування національної школи, а з іншого – знаходженням його зв’язків зі світовою культурою та виокремленням специфічних рис і національної своєрідності. Звернення до персоніфікованого підходу у виявленні неофольклоризму як провідного напрямку у творчості українських композиторів обґрунтовано саме таким пошуком. Баянно-акордеонна творчість українських композиторів ХХ ст. є втіленням стильового переосмислення фольклорних джерел музичної культури. Обрання для детального аналізу творів із творчості Віктора Власова дозволяє знайти характерні особливості введення в професійну академічну музику фольклорних традицій, починаючи з прямого, цитатного використання фольклорних елементів в обробках народних пісень і завершуючи їх втіленням у модерністичному інтонаційно-ритмічному середовищі звукового фонізму, застосуванням модальних і полімодальних систем, активізацією вільнометричної ритмічної організації та кластерним виокремленням інтонаційно-конструктивних одиниць, що створюють композицію музичного твору та дозволяють визначати фольклорні інтенції з позицій неофольклоризму. Виявлено, що рівень переосмислення українського фольклору у творчості Віктора Власова дозволяє говорити про елементи джазу крізь призму неофольклоризму. Характерні риси неофольклору розглянуто на прикладі двох творів композитора: «На ярмарку» (1964 р.), що належить до раннього етапу творчості, та «Веснянки» (1984 р.), де автор демонструє інші підходи до музики, що знаменує зрілий період творчості композитора. Зазначається, що звернення до джерел народної музики, народних інтонацій, ритмів, масштабності зумовлене співвідношенням професійної та народної музики, спадкоємністю національних традицій.
Музичний фольклор у сучасній масовій культурі України
Authors: AKOPYAN Artem
Published: June 2022

Невід’ємну частину культури будь-якого етносу складає усна народна творчість – фольклор. Фольклор так чи інакше пов’язаний із усіма галузями народного життя, і навіть сьогодні він проникає у повсякденне життя українців. Він знайшов своє місце і в естрадній культурі України, що зумовлено зростанням інтересу суспільства до витоків культури свого етносу.

Український музичний фольклор – це багатство українського народу, який протягом багатьох століть вражає світ своєю мелодійністю та душевністю. Згідно з даними ЮНЕСКО, саме українці створили найбільшу кількість народних пісень у світі – близько 15,5 тисяч. У своїх піснях вони розповідали про події та явища суспільного життя, родинний побут, особисті стосунки, героїчні постаті історії, боротьбу з загарбниками та любов cвоєї країни. Ці пісні завжди приваблювали істориків, музикознавців, фольклористів. Кожен композитор мріяв долучитися до цього народного творіння і додати елементи власної творчості у цей музичний жанр. У свій час обробками українських народних пісень займалися Григорій Верета, Григорій Верьовка, Климент Квітка, Пилип Козицький, Філарет Колесса, Микола Леонтович, Микола Лисенко, Борис Лятошинський, Петро Сокальський, Яків Степовий, Кирило Стеценко.

Сьогодні, коли культурний простір нашої країни виходить на новий рівень свого існування, коли з’являються нові форми та жанри музичного мистецтва, фольклор також набуває нового звучання, стаючи одним із основних компонентів сучасної музичної культури України.

Предметом дослідження є способи проникнення фольклору в сучасну естрадну пісню. Серед завдань статті – дослідити витоки появи фольклору в українській естраді; проаналізувати творчість сучасних фолк-гуртів і виконавців та віднайти автентичні варіанти народних пісень із їх репертуару; проаналізувати фестивальний рух фолк-музики та теренах України та тенденції фольклоризації вокальних телевізійних шоу
History of fertility preservation
Authors: Kim Hye-Yun , Kim Sung Woo
Published: June 2022

Background: Fertility preservation refers to a procedure performed to maintain the ability to become pregnant before receiving treatment with a risk of fertility loss, such as chemo- or radiation therapy. Examples of fertility-preserving procedures include freezing, sperm freezing, embryo freezing through in vitro fertilization, and ovarian tissue freezing.Current Concepts: Until the late 1990s, awareness of fertility preservation among clinicians and patients was relatively low, and the only way to preserve and restore fertility in women with cancer was the cryopreservation of embryos. However, as the survival rate of cancer patients increased and the treatment results of various diseases improved, interest in quality of life such as pregnancy and childbirth after treatment gradually increased, and became a driving force for the development of fertility preservation. In the 2000s, several centers began cryopreserving ovarian tissue, including primordial follicles from young patients before chemotherapy. Currently, ovarian tissue cryopreservation can be used in combination with in vitro maturation and egg vitrification techniques. Novel methods to improve follicle survival after transplantation are currently being investigated. Methods to improve follicle survival after transplantation and new ovarian protective agents to protect the ovaries from cytotoxic agents are currently being studied.Discussion and Conclusion: Advances in fertility-preserving technologies in the future will contribute to the delivery of healthy children by providing tailored treatments and more individualized fertility-preserving strategies to patients whose fertility is at risk.
Cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos for fertility preservation
Authors: Lee Jae Hoon , Choi Young Sik
Published: June 2022

Background: In recent years, the demand for fertility preservation for both oncologic and nononcologic reasons, as well as for personal reasons, has increased dramatically.Current Concepts: Currently, embryo and oocyte cryopreservation after ovarian stimulation are the mainstays of fertility preservation treatment in women. Embryo cryopreservation is an established and the most successful method of fertility preservation when sufficient time (approximately 2 weeks) is available to perform ovarian stimulation. Recent advances in freezing techniques (vitrification) have significantly improved the outcomes from oocyte cryopreservation that are comparable with those from embryo cryopreservation.Discussion and Conclusion: This review focuses on the indications for the two techniques of fertility preservation and their results. For women to receive timely opportunities to preserve fertility, it is necessary to raise awareness among all medical departments and the public.
Effect of low sodium and high potassium diet on lowering blood pressure
Authors: Lee Chang Hwa , Shin Jinho
Published: June 2022

Background: Hypertension is the leading factor of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Although antihypertensive medical treatment is the cornerstone of blood pressure control, lifestyle modification, including optimal diet therapy, such as dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH), cannot be overemphasized.Current Concepts: Due to the mismatch between sodium intake and excretion process being the key mechanisms according to physiologic principles, low sodium and high potassium intakes are the critical components of DASH. If the patient has a sensitive elevation of blood pressure following increased sodium intake, a low sodium diet could be essential for optimal blood pressure control. Salt sensitivity is increased by the activated reninangiotensin system, sympathetic nervous activity, sodium channels disorder, and endothelial dysfunction and frequently observed in the elderly and patients with obesity and chronic kidney disease. Increased potassium intake could attenuate sodium absorption by affecting the intracellular chloride and WNK4 activity, especially in patients with salt sensitivity or high salt intake.Discussion and Conclusion: For low sodium and high potassium intakes, the Na/K diet ratio could be a good target for intervention, and this approach is a critical component of DASH.
Heavy Metal Pollution in Iraqi Rivers and Impact on Human and Fish Health: A Review
Authors: Al-Sarraj Eman
Published: June 2022

The Euphrates and Tigris rivers are the main vital water sources in Iraq, and therefore many studies have been conducted on them to find out the reasons for their pollution, and the most important sources of pollution are heavy metals. Heavy metals are usually present in nature. Some of them are necessary for life, but they can become toxic through their accumulation in living organisms, as they cannot be eliminated in ecosystems through natural processes, unlike most organic pollutants, where these elements are one of the dangerous pollutants that enter the freshwater environment and cause an imbalance in the ecological system. This is directly or indirectly reflected on the human beings. These elements enter the plant and animal bodies through the soil, water and air which have been categorized by their ability to bio-accumulate in the tissues of animals and elevate their concentration in the tissue and body fluids. Such bioaccumulation causes toxicity to living organisms and may affect human public health. Fishes are the most susceptible among the aquatic animals to the toxicity of heavy metals. They are a basic food source and animal protein, cheap and economical, with a high nutritional value and the human body needs them on a permanent and continuous basis. Fishes are also commonly used in assessing the health of aquatic organisms. This review is focused on the pathological effects of heavy metals in both fishes and humans.
¡Honrar a la Patria! La construcción de la nación ecuatoriana a través del culto festivo bolivariano: 1822-1830
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad Central del Ecuador (Quito-Ecuador), Yépez Suárez Santiago Paúl
Published: June 2022

En el presente artículo nos hemos propuesto resolver de manera objetiva las siguientes interrogantes: ¿En qué medida la iconografía simbólica de la naciente república ecuatoriana estuvo elaborada desde la iconografía monárquica festiva?, ¿Hasta qué punto se trasplantaron en el contexto ecuatoriano los símbolos revolucionarios europeos en la cultura material festiva? ¿Quiénes fueron los actores/constructores de los nuevos símbolos audiovisuales?, ¿Cómo y hasta qué punto se creó una religión cívica bolivariana en el temprano Ecuador? Para este propósito, se ha acudido a una serie de documentos de primera mano, como los primeros decretos de la vida republicana, las actas de cabildo y la prensa histórica. A su vez, se presenta un estudio pormenorizado de elementos iconográficos, como fuentes artísticas primarias, relacionados específicamente con la pedagogía visual del neoclásico. Asimismo, se acude a determinados autores que han trabajado sobre la construcción de las naciones latinoamericanas, a fin de ofrecer un nuevo aporte teórico en el contexto ecuatoriano, su naciente identidad y las formas de culto nacional.
Perception of healthcare workers regarding the psychological impact of COVID-19 on their children
Authors: Batool Saima , Rehman Rabeya , Rafique Saima , Naqvi Qanbar Abbas , Rathore Ahsan Waheed , Qamar Sobia
Published: June 2022

Background and Objective: Pandemics like COVID-19 adversely affect children’s behavior and psychological development by disrupting routine life activities. Children of healthcare workers are exposed additionally due to the fear of parental exposure to the virus. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) regarding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their children. We also sought to identify the difference of the psychological impact on children of the male and female healthcare workers.
Methods: A survey questionnaire was developed comprising 10 questions about the perception of HCWs regarding the psychological impact of COVID-19 on their children. It was distributed both online and face to face among 150 healthcare professionals, working in training and non-training posts in 4 public and 5 nongovernment hospitals of Pakistan. The mean and standard deviation were calculated for each survey item using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 26.0. Results: The response rate was 71.3% and majority (64.2%) of the healthcare professionals were ≥30 years of age. Ninety-two HCWs (85.98%) either agreed or strongly agreed that the parental separation from their kids for long hours during the pandemic had a negative
psychological impact on their children. There was a significant difference in perceived psychological impact of COVID-19 on the children of male and female HCWs, with a mean survey score of 2.29 ± 1.82 and 1.69 ± 0.79, respectively (t = 2.29, p-value = 0.024).
Conclusion: Children of the healthcare workers experience more stress and anxiety because of long duty hours and working in high-risk settings. Continuous psychological support and counseling services may be adopted formally to prevent unforeseen adverse events or any long-term negative impact on their physical and mental health.