bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 43-Day-Old Male With Respiratory Distress and Acute-Onset Hypotonia
Authors: Corrado Alisa , Yoshiba Grace , Buranosky Megan , Woods Zakary , Wohrley Julie , Romantseva Lubov , Wolf Ashley
Published: October 2022

A 43-day-old, full-term, previously healthy male presented with decreased activity and oral intake. He was found to be grunting and hypoxemic on examination, and a respiratory pathogen panel was positive for rhinovirus. He was diagnosed with presumed bronchiolitis. His neurologic exam on admission was normal. Because of respiratory failure, he was escalated from high-flow nasal cannula to bilevel positive airway pressure upon admission and he was started on ceftriaxone and vancomycin while awaiting culture data. On hospital day 6, he required escalation of respiratory support. His examination at that time was notable for new hypotonia of his bilateral upper and lower extremities, sluggish pupils, bilateral exotropia, intermittent vertical nystagmus, and an absent Moro reflex. He developed a focal seizure and a computed tomography of the brain demonstrated simple right otomastoiditis. The seizure was attributed to a serum sodium of 113 mmol/L in the setting of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, thought to be secondary to viral bronchiolitis. However, as the patient’s sodium was corrected to a normal range, he continued to have neurologic deficits on examination. Given his persistent hypotonia and respiratory failure, atypical for the expected course of viral bronchiolitis, the patient underwent an extensive neurologic and infectious workup, which ultimately revealed a surprising diagnosis.
The Expanding Uses of Medical Extended Reality in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: Pre-procedural Planning, Intraprocedural Guidance, and Intraprocedural Navigation
Authors: Bloom David , Southworth Michael K , Silva Jonathan R , Silva Jennifer N Avari
Published: October 2022

The use of innovative imaging practices in the field of interventional cardiology and electrophysiology has led to significant progress in both diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. 3D reconstructions of 2D images allows a proceduralist to develop a superior understanding of patient anatomy. Medical extended reality (MXR) technologies employ 3D interactive images for the user to improve depth perception and spatial awareness. Although MXR procedural navigation is a relatively new concept, the potential for use within interventional cardiology and EP is significant with the eventual goal of improving patient outcomes and reducing patient harm. This review article will discuss the current landscape of MXR use in the catheterization lab including pre-procedural planning, intraprocedural planning and intraprocedural guidance in diagnostic cardiac catheterization, valvar and coronary interventions, electrophysiology studies, and device implants.
Contemporary Risk Stratification of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Chand Swati , Rai Devesh , Baibhav Bipul , Blankstein Ron , Mukherjee Debabrata , Levy Phillip , Gulati Martha
Published: October 2022

Chest pain is one of the most common presenting concerns of patients seeking care in the emergency department, and the underlying etiology can range from acute coronary syndrome to various other non-cardiac causes. Initial evaluation should focus on characterizing symptoms and identifying risk factors, but further risk stratification using clinical decision pathways and biomarkers (cardiac troponin) is essential. The 2021 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain represent the first ever guidelines for the evaluation of patients with acute chest pain. The contemporary risk stratification methods described in these guidelines allow for the identification of patient subgroups: patients who do not require further testing, patients who should proceed directly to the cath lab, and patients who will benefit from further anatomic or functional testing. In this review, we describe contemporary risk stratification methods for acute coronary syndrome and summarize the recommendations put forth by the guidelines.
Bioherbicidal activity of seed extract of Campomanesia lineatifolia on the weed Sonchus oleraceus L.
Authors: Martínez Cárdenas Claudia Andrea , Balaguera-López Helber Enrique , Fonseca Carreño Jorge Armando
Published: October 2022

Sonchus oleraceus L. is a persistent weed in horticultural crops that generates high economic losses and its management is carried out with various chemical molecules. The objective of this research was to evaluate the bioherbicidal activity effect of the extract of Campomanesia lineatifolia seeds on the germination and growth of S. oleraceus L. seedlings. The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, germination was evaluated with two experiments, the first consisted of the addition of the ethanolic extract of C. lineatifolia every third day, in the second experiment the extract was only added at planting. In both cases, four concentrations of the extract (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) were evaluated. In the second phase, the same extracts were applied to plant leaves. C. lineatifolia extract inhibited the germination of S. oleraceus, when applied only once at sowing. As there was no germination with the extracts of C. lineatifolia, no direct inhibitory effect on the growth of the seedlings could be seen on the number of leaves, length of roots, and stem. With the foliar application, an incidence of 100% with symptoms of chlorosis and necrosis was observed using any of the concentrations evaluated, but the applications did not cause the plant death. The ethanolic extract from the seeds of C. lineatifolia has bioherbicide activity on S. oleraceus.
Taxonomic identification and diversity of effective soil microorganisms: towards a better understanding of this microbiome
Authors: Carabeo Annerys , Jiménez Janet , Gil Zuleiqui , Henderson Deborah , Adams Paul , Calero-Hurtado Alexander
Published: October 2022

Soil microorganisms found in agricultural residues and the so-called efficient microorganisms (EM) are attractive for their potential applications and benefits in the bioremediation of complex ecosystems. However, the knowledge about Who is doing what?, as well as the trophic interaction in those communities that explain its benefits are limited; a better understanding of this microbiome is needed to explain its benefits. The objective of this research was to characterize the microorganisms isolated from two soil communities and the efficient microorganisms obtained in laboratory (EM16 consortium), taking into account physico-chemical characteristics, diversity, quantification, and taxonomic identification through microbiological and molecular techniques. A microbiological analysis was performed according to the morphological characteristics of the colonies as well as the study of the dynamics and taxonomic identification of the microbial populations through the TRFLP and Ion Torrent techniques. The diversity, dynamics, and taxonomic identification achieved in these studies showed the prospects for using these soil EM in bioremediation, considering the diverse metabolic pathways that these species have and their symbiotic interactive potential for biodegradation of lignocellulosic-resilient compounds. This study provides the first molecular characterization of the EM (EM16 consortium) and soil isolates from agricultural residues (sugarcane crop and bamboo field). The results suggest that the use of microbiological and molecular tools in a polyphasic approach allows the complete characterization of non-cultivable microorganisms that could contribute to sustainable environmental management and crop production.
Efficiency of herbicides for weed control in chickpea and effect of their residues on wheat growth
Authors: Babaei Sirwan , Lahooni Sahar , Mousavi Sayed Karim , Tahmasebi Iraj , Sabeti Payman , Abdulahi Abdolvahab
Published: October 2022

In order to determine the best time to use and the adequate dose of four herbicides to control weeds in dryland chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) fields, we performed the present experiment in 4 x 5 m plots. Fourteen treatments were carried out that from 1 to 9 included trifluralin. Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were with increasing doses of trifluralin (480, 720, and 960 g ai ha-1) applied 30 days before planting. Treatments 4, 5, and 6 included increasing doses of trifluralin (480, 720, and 960 g ai ha-1) applied 15 days before planting. Treatments 7, 8 and 9 consisted of increasing doses of trifluralin (480, 720, and 960 g ai ha-1) applied at the time of planting. Treatments 10, 11, and 12 included pyroxasulfone (85 g ai ha-1), flumioxazin (51 g ai ha-1) and imazethapyr (100 g ai ha-1), respectively. These last three treatments were carried out at the time of planting; treatments 13 and 14 were: weed-infested (without weed control) and weed-free (manual weeding during the entire season). Flumioxazin 66% and pyroxasulfone 57% (mean of two samples) reduced weed dry weight compared to uncontrolled treatment. The results showed that the treatments were significantly different for 100-seed weight, biological yield, and seed yield of chickpea. Weed-infested and weed-free plants had the lowest and highest grain yield. Herbicide treatments of flumioxazin, trifluralin 960 g ai ha-1, and pyroxasulfone at planting produced 55%, 44%, and 40% higher grain yield than the weed-infested plots. Also, none of the herbicide treatments reduced chickpea yield and biomass. The herbicide residues had no adverse effect on wheat growth in the next crop season.
Equivalence of grain and forage composition in corn hybrid (Zea mays L.) from genetically modified off-patent (event TC1507) and non-genetically modified conventional corn
Authors: Suárez Rodríguez Hernan Darío , Benítez Duarte Diego Andrés , Chaparro-Giraldo Alejandro , Acosta Orlando
Published: October 2022

Off-patent corn (event TC1507) contains genes coding for CRY1F and PAT proteins, which confer resistance to lepidopteran insects and tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium. We employed the substantial equivalence approach to investigate the compositional safety of the corn off-patent event (TC1507). The levels of the nutritional contents of proximate analytes in grain and forage tissues of off-patent genotypes of transgenic maize plants and conventional corn genotypes were compared. The levels of the analytes evaluated in the transgenic plants were found to be within the ranges published in the literature for non-transgenic corn and were statistically indistinguishable from the conventional corn from which they are derived (elite corn lines), indicating substantial equivalence between the off-patent (event TC1507) and its conventional counterpart. These results constitute key evidence of the safety evaluation of the world’s first transgenic corn developed from technologies that are in the public domain.
Agencias sociales comunitarias femeninas y su aporte en la conservación y lucha del territorio en Sumapaz
Authors: Bueno Ana Marcela , Suárez Puentes Karin Viviana
Published: October 2022

Los procesos de organización y participación al cuidado del páramo más grande del mundo, ubicado en el territorio de Sumapaz, son históricos y han permitido posicionar la resistencia a megaproyectos económicos y ecoturísticos que afectarían las condiciones naturales de dicho ecosistema. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad reflexionar sobre la relevancia que han tenido las agencias comunitarias femeninas en el Sumapaz en la preservación del medio ambiente, como garante del bienestar de la comunidad y del territorio. Las narrativas fueron la estrategia que permitió conocer desde algunas mujeres los alcances de su agencia y su participación en estos procesos de lucha y protección territorial.
Kodifikation des Behandlungsvertrags und derer Normierung der Beweislastregelung in Bezug auf § 630h BGB
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Kim Hwa
Published: October 2022

The bill to amend the almost all parts of the External Audit Act (“Act”) was passed by the National Assembly in September 2017 and will take effect in November 2018. The Act consists of regulations related to accounting and auditing. Regarding to accounting and auditing, therefore, the Act is a special law to the Commercial Code (“Code”). Although the purpose of the Act is different from that of the Code, some provisions of the Act are in conflict with those of the Code. This Study deals with the provisions which lack in integrity with the Code. For example, the right to inspect the account books and related documents is granted to the controlling company according to the Act and the right to demand the business report from the subsidiary company is conferred to the internal auditor of the controlling company according to the Code. As a result, the subsidiary company is burdened with its duty to comply with the request of its controlling company and the internal auditor of the controlling company. This kind of heavy burden laid on the subsidiary company implies that the Act does not pay much attention to the systematic harmonization with the Code. For the successful implementation of the Act, it is quite necessary to get rid of the conflict between the Act and the Code. It is expected to amend the Act or the Code in the future.
Review on the Legality of the Amendment to Presidential Decree on the Scope of Crime Investigation Initiated by a Prosecutor
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Lee Seong-Ki
Published: October 2022

Article 4 of the Prosecutor’s Office Act of 2020 provided that a prosecutor may commence an investigation for significant crimes prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as corruption, economic crimes, crimes of public officials, election crimes, defense industry crimes, and catastrophes. The National Assembly revised the article in May of 2022 providing that a prosecutor may commence an investigation for significant crimes prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as corruption and economic crimes, which was revised to reduce the scope of crime investigation initiated by a prosecutor. Thereafter, Ministry of Justice published Amendment to Presidential Decree according to the Prosecutor’s Office Act of 2022.
This article reviewed on the legality of the amendment and concluded as follows. The revision unjustifiably extended the scope of crimes that prosecutors may commence by adding such crimes as were excluded from the list in the Act of 2022, obstruction of justice or the crimes must be reported to a prosecutor by a related authority under individual statutes. This paper also argues that the definition of ‘directly related crimes’ referred to a prosecutor by a judicial police officer is unreasonably excluded, which may include all the crimes that a prosecutor may see proper to investigate without a relevant guideline for the prosecutor to follow. Therefore, this paper concludes that the amendment deviates limit of delegated legislation of the Prosecutor’s Office Act of 2022.
A study on the Increase of NFT Use and Related Legislation
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Choung Wan
Published: October 2022

Cyber content using NFT is rapidly increasing. Since there is no law stipulating NFT in the current laws, there is concern about confusion in the case of legal problems. NFT, non-fungible token, is a virtual token that uses block chain technology to identify and prove the owner of digital assets. and to represent and prove ownership.
Although NFT is currently widely used in fields such as meta verse and works of art, there is no legal regulation on the concept of NFT or specific rights under the current law, so normative research and legislative improvement are urgently needed. Regardless of whether or not there are legal regulations, NFT can prove that it is unique through the contents of meta data, so that even if it is a similar NFT product, it can be technically verified whether it is genuine or not.
In the rapidly expanding meta verse space, it is necessary to confirm who owns the economic value of the goods being traded. Although it is widely used in various fields, there is no related law, which can lead to confusion. Therefore, NFT-related regulations should be prepared urgently. In addition, it is necessary to establish a global standard so that the NFT industry can grow.
Under the current law, legal issues related to NFT are as follows: Whether NFT is a virtual asset, Whether NFT is a financial product, Whether NFT is subject to tax payment if it is a virtual asset with property value, Whether NFT is copyright protection because it proves that the ownership belongs to a specific person, Whether NFT belongs to a game item, if it’s applied to a game product, and Whether NFT is a security item that should be protected from hacking. Under the current law, NFT should not be limited to discussion, but should be declared as a clear legal concept through prompt legislation.
Comparison Between Durable Goods and Non-Durable Goods with Respect to Parallel Importation of Patented Goods
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Shin Chang-Hwan
Published: October 2022

It is very important matter whether we should choose between the ‘National Exhaustion’ which prohibits the parallel importation of patented goods and the ‘International Exhaustion’ which permits the parallel importation. The author generally supports the ‘International Exhaustion’, because once the patent holder exercises his rights and receives the remuneration, then such rights should be exhausted irrespective of the location of the first exercise of such right. However, in order to cope with complicated phenomena of the international trade, proper mixture of ‘International Exhaustion’ and ‘National Exhaustion’ would be a better option in light of the each characteristics of the patented goods in question. In this respect, the comparison of the economic notion of ‘Durable Goods’ and ‘Non-Durable Goods’ seems to be meaningful in dealing with exhaustion of patented goods and parallel importation. Patent exhaustion should be applied to the durable goods, which may be expected to be traded in the second hand market afterwards. On the contrary, non-durable goods is expected to consumed by the purchasers themselves. If the patent exhaustion should be applied to non-durable goods in international context, then windfall may be granted to the commercial scale, opportunistic third party who seeks the arbitrage in the course of trade of such non-durable goods. Thus, national exhaustion might be applied to only non-durable goods. To institutionalize above idea, it is proposed to amend the relevant regulation of the Korea Customs Service to the effect to permit the parallel importation of patented durable goods.
Koncepcióváltás a belvízgazdálkodásban: talajtani és vízminőségi kérdések
Authors: Pálffy Benjámin , Fekete István , Barta Károly
Published: October 2022

Munkánk során igyekeztünk a belvízminőséggel, annak időbeli változásaival kapcsolatos kérdéseket megválaszolni.

Az eddig vizsgált nehéz agyag talajtextúrájú algyői mintaterületről származó eredmények rávilágítanak arra, hogy tápanyagok tekintetében számottevő terhelés érheti az elvezetés során a belvizet befogadó felszíni víztestet különösen a belvízelöntés kezdeti időszakában. A terhelést kiemelten a lebegőanyaghoz kötött tápanyagformák adják, míg emellett a felszíni vízborítás kialakulását követő első napokban és hetekben jelentős, környezetvédelmi határértéket is átlépő mineralizált nitrogéntartalomra is kell számítani.

A belvizes környezet reduktív jellemzőinek erősödésével a nitrát – külső utánpótlás nélkül – hamar átalakul, míg a hőmérséklet és a biológiai aktivitás emelkedésével a lebegőanyagtartalom koagulációja és flokkulációja is jelentősen csökkenti a tápanyagterhelést.

Ezen a mintaterületen képződött belvíz öntözővízként való hasznosítását az öntözőrendszer eltömődéséhez vezető magas lebegőanyagtartalom, illetve esetenként magas vas- és mangántartalom nehezítheti jellemzően szintén a tavaszi időszakban, amikor pl. kelesztő öntözéshez használhatjuk fel a vizet a magasabb térszíneken.

Általános érvényű következtetések levonásához a kutatás későbbi szakaszában két új, eltérő talajtani és hidrológiai adottságú mintaterületre is kiterjesztjük vizsgálatunkat. A helyszíni mérésekkel párhuzamosan összeállítunk egy laboratóriumi kísérletet kiemelten a talajtényező hatásának megfigyeléséhez. Ez lehetőséget fog nyújtani arra is, hogy a tápanyagformák időbeli átalakulásáról is pontosabb képet kapjunk.
La libertad de la castidad, condición para la humanización del amor y la sexualidad
Authors: Sarmiento Augusto
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: 1. Sexualidad, amor, persona; 2. Amor, sexualidad, comunión interpersonal; 3. Amor, sexualidad, procreación; 4. Sexualidad, amor, pecado original; 5. Sexualidad, gracia, redención; 6. Sexualidad, dominio, castidad; 7. Educación sexual, educación para la castidad.
«Homeron ex Homerou saphenizein». Principios hermenéuticos de Teodoreto de Ciro en su Comentario a las Epístolas Paulinas
Authors: Viciano Alberto
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: I. INTRODUCCIÓN.- II. PRINCIPIOS HERMENÉUTICOS PARA LA MEJOR COMPRENSIÓN DEL AUTOR.- III. IDEM PARA LA MEJOR COMPRENSIÓN DEL TEXTO.- IV. METODOLOGÍA HERMENÉTUICA.- V. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES Y CONCLUSIÓN.
Fe y nihilismo como actitudes existenciales
Authors: Aranda Antonio
Published: October 2022

1. La cuestión planteada.- 2. ¿Cuál es la alternativa a estudiar, fenihilismo o fe-indiferentismo?- 3. Fe e indiferentismo ante la cuestión de la verdad sobre el hombre.- 4. Verdaderas y falsas respuestas cristianas a la influencia cultural del indiferentismo. a) La verdadera alternativa: la reevangelización; b) Una respuesta equivocada: la tentación fundamentalista.
La expresión del misterio revelado en el lenguaje humano
Authors: Mondin Battista
Published: October 2022

Prólogo.- 1. Dimensión lingüística del hombre y de la cultura.- 2. Naturaleza y funciones del lenguaje.- 3. De qué y cómo se puede hablar.- 4. El lenguaje de la Escritura.- 5. El lenguaje de la teología.- 6. Posibilidades y límites del lenguaje religioso (teológico).
Parábola, hipérbole y mashal en los Sinópticos: una cuestión hermenéutica
Authors: Casciaro-Ramírez J. M.
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: 1. Aportación de la Lingüística moderna y de la Hermenéutica filosófica.- 2. Las «Parábolas del Reino».- 2.1. La función de la hipérbole como comunicación de la verdad.- 2.2. Las parábolas como revelación del actuar divino.- 2.3. Las parábolas como signo deíctico de la conducta de Jesús.- 3. Las parábolai de Jesús y los meshal¡m hebraicos.- 3.1. El «nimshal» explícito en el mashal.- 3.2. El «contexto intertextual».- 3.3. El hiddush o actualización.- 4. Conclusiones provisionales del estudio del mashal hebraico para el conocimiento de las parábolai evangélicas.
Imagen y misterio. Sobre el conocimiento metafórico en C. S. Lewis
Authors: Terrasa E.
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: 1. Planteamiento.- 2. El paradójico punto de partida.- 3. El lugar de las metáforas.- 4. El lugar de la razón.- 5. Las metáforas y el misterio.- 6. El mito encarnado.- 7. Conclusión.-
El Beato Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer y la teología
Authors: Ocáriz Fernando
Published: October 2022

1. Cómo estudió la Teología. 2. Cómo hizo estudiar la Teología. 3. Cuál ha sido su aportación a la ciencia teológica.
Novel systems biology tools for the identification of biomarkers and drug targets in cancer research.
Authors:   , Valcárcel Luis Vitores
Published: October 2022

Femtosecond lasers have transformed the field of material processing by allowing the precise ablation of any type of material with low damage to the surrounding area. Additionally, the generation of structures smaller than the diffraction limit is possible due to the generation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). LIPSS appear in almost any kind of material as a result of the interference between the incident laser light and surface electromagnetic waves (SEWs) induced by the same irradiation, with periods from tens to hundreds of nanometres. As a result, new applications have appeared around surface functionalisation in the micro- and nano-scale. The main limiting factors for the implantation of this cost-efficient and simple technology over others at the industrial level is its low throughput when used for large area processing as well as the low spatial regularity of LIPSS. In this thesis, a processing setup based on cylindrical focusing has been proposed and used for high throughput micro- and nano-structuring, achieving production rates comparable to other commonly used technologies. At the same time, techniques that help improving LIPSS regularity have been demonstrated, such as processing with a plane wavefront, smooth material polishing, or using a large area to avoid lateral overlaps. This technology has been validated through applications related to the field of photonics. The study through numerical simulations of LIPSS processed in the surface of a dielectric showed the potential of their use as anti-reflective properties. The use of LIPSS as reflective waveplates showed that LIPSS may induce a change in the polarisation of an incident beam, while numerical simulations proved that different combinations of the morphology of LIPSS can provide generate greater changes, such as those in half- or quarter-wave plates. This information was used in the fabrication of scales for encoders, combining micro- and nano-structures. The signal detected by the readhead in the encoder was comparable, and even higher in some cases, than that for scales fabricated with lithographic processes. Lastly, gold-coated LIPSS were used in refractometry sensing due to their strong surface plasmon resonances, revealing sensitivity values comparable to sensors fabricated with other cost-efficient techniques. The results extracted in this thesis show that femtosecond laser processing is a environmentally friendly and low cost alternative that can compete with other technologies in the fabrication of micro- and nano-structures in industrial and scientific applications.
Analysis of the Impact of Trade Facilitation on China’s Bilateral Trade
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Zhou Xuan , Choi Chang Hwan
Published: October 2022

This paper examined a systematic trade facilitation measurement and empirically analyzed the effect of improving the level of trade facilitation on trade with China based on the level of trade facilitation in the top 38 countries with China.
As a result of the empirical analysis, it was confirmed that the improvement of the level of trade facilitation plays an important role in increasing China's overall trade volume and increasing imports. In detail, port efficiency, customs environment, rule environment, and e-commerce all have a positive effect on China's total trade and import, and among them, port efficiency and e-commerce have the greatest effect on China's bilateral trade. By region, it was found that the rise in the trade facilitation index of Asian countries had the greatest effect on China's increase in trade volume.
In order to continue to expand trade, China needs foreign cooperation policies such as continuous support and active free trade agreements to increase trade facilitation in middle and low-income countries.
A Study on Distance effects of intermediate and household consumption goods
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Jun Sunghee
Published: October 2022

In this paper I analyze (1) whether the distance coefficients of intermediate goods in the gravity model are larger than household consumption goods, and (2) whether the distance coefficients decreases from 2000 to 2020 when the globalization expanded. As the results the distance coefficient of intermediate goods was larger than household consumption goods, which means that when sourcing the intermediate goods from abroad, firms prefer short-distance countries to long-distance countries. This is because inventory management costs and synchronization costs between production processes in the global value chain increase with distance in intermediate goods trade. The results also showed that, contrary to expectations, the physical distance between the two countries as trade barrier has strengthened at a time when globalization has expands. This means that, in spite of expansion of globalization, trade with closer countries is growing faster than trade with long distance-countries. The development of ICT technology has facilitated information exchange with long distance-countries but information, knowledge, and news are still exchanged more frequently between short-distance countries. Therefore, information asymmetry with short-distance countries is reduced more than in long-distance countries.
Analysis of used clothing trade network and its implications: Focusing on HS Code of Heading 6309
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, Du Ben-Yao , Choi Dong-Oh , Yu Cheon
Published: October 2022

This study is designed to investigate the status and changes in the structure of the global trade of used clothing from a network perspective and to draw implications for the used clothing trade. Trade data for 2011, 2015, and 2019 of the top 30 countries is from the UN Comtrade database. HS Code 6309 is used to obtain cross-border trade data. The analysis results are as follows. The used clothing trade network is centered in the US, UK, Germany, Pakistan, Ghana, Turkey, Togo, and Benin. In 2015, Korea’s influence as an exporting country increased; in 2019, China’s influence as an exporting country increased. The Netherlands has been moving to the periphery since 2015. The UAE has grown into a core country since 2015. In addition, compared to 2011, the used clothing trade network expanded in density, average path length, and scale in 2015, while in 2019 it contracted slightly compared to 2015. This study analyzes the current status and changes in the global trade structure of used clothing by applying trade network analysis, and provides implications for the establishment of strategies for overseas expansion of used clothing exporting companies.
Saúde bucal de pessoas idosas domiciliadas acompanhadas na atenção primária: estudo transversal
Authors: Oliveira Thayná Ferreira Simões de , Embaló Bubacar , Pereira Mateus Cardoso , Borges Samara Cristina , Mello Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira de
Published: October 2022

Resumo Objetivo caracterizar a condição de vida, saúde e saúde bucal das pessoas idosas domiciliadas cadastradas na atenção primária e os cuidados realizados em domicílio. Método estudo transversal, de base domiciliar com amostra de conveniência, em Florianópolis, sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário e exame clínico, os quais incluíram variáveis sociodemográficas, condição de dentes e mucosa, higiene bucal, acesso a atendimento odontológico e visita de cirurgião-dentista no domicílio. Procedeu-se análise de frequência absoluta e relativa e análise bivariada (qui-quadrado, IC=95%). Resultados participaram 123 idosos com idade média de 81,3 anos, 62,6% eram mulheres. Possuíam cuidador 87%, 60% encontravam-se domiciliados por até 5 anos e 89,4% eram frágeis. Quanto à presença de dentes, 56,1% eram edêntulos e 40,5% possuíam de 1 a 8 dentes. Restos radiculares foram observados em 12,8%, lesão de cárie não tratada em 25,2%, biofilme visível em 69,9%, e lesões na mucosa em 8,9%. Necessitavam de auxílio para higiene bucal 45,5% e não realizavam limpeza diária 24,4%. A dificuldade de acessar atendimento odontológico por estar domiciliado foi relatada por 32,5% e visita do cirurgião-dentista ocorreu em 16,3%. Sexo feminino e menor escolaridade estiveram associados à ausência de dentes e menor força física. Conclusão a saúde bucal das pessoas idosas estudadas é precária pela presença de problemas bucais que demandam intervenção. Há dependência de terceiros para cuidados bucais, que não são garantidos de modo consistente, no domicílio. O estudo aponta necessidade de atendimento odontológico no domicílio no âmbito dos serviços públicos de saúde.
Intervenções nutricionais para idosos em cuidados paliativos: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Moura Raquel Bezerra Barbosa de , Barbosa Janine Maciel , Gonçalves Maria da Conceição Rodrigues , Lima Andréa Márcia da Cunha , Mélo Cláudia Batista , Piagge Carmem Sílvia Laureano Dalle
Published: October 2022

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as intervenções nutricionais adotadas em pessoas idosas em cuidados paliativos encontradas na literatura. Método Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, cuja busca foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE e na literatura cinzenta por meio do Google Scholar, OpenGrey e ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, sem restrição temporal e de idioma. Foram realizadas as buscas utilizando-se os descritores e palavras-chave que foram combinados por meio de operadores booleanos AND e OR: “Nutritional Intervention”, “Intervenção Nutricional”, “Palliative Care”, “Cuidados Paliativos”, “Aged” e “Idosos”. Resultados Dos 5.942 estudos encontrados, 13 estudos foram selecionados. Pela estratégia de busca reversa foram identificados 13 estudos adicionais, originando um resultado final de 26 estudos. As intervenções nutricionais adotadas em pessoas idosas em cuidados paliativos compreendem em sua maioria: aconselhamento nutricional, suplementação nutricional oral e a nutrição artificial por meio de nutrição enteral e parenteral. Essas intervenções estão voltadas à qualidade de vida, ao manejo de sintomas e ao estado nutricional. Conclusão Embora haja lacunas na literatura quanto às intervenções nutricionais voltadas para idosos em cuidados paliativos, fica evidenciada a importância da atuação do nutricionista para promoção da qualidade de vida e alívio do sofrimento dessa população.
A INGESTÃO DIETÉTICA DE PRODUTOS FINAIS DE GLICAÇÃO AVANÇADA E DE COMPOSTOS BIOATIVOS NO PRÉ-DIAGNÓSTICO DE CÂNCER
Authors: Brasil Maria Letí­cia Curti , Souza Eliana Carla Gomes de , Estevam Elaine
Published: October 2022

Possui uma fonte direta de influência sobre a suscetibilidade ou prevenção do desenvolvimento do câncer, uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade na atualidade. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a associação da ingestão dietética pré-diagnóstica dos produtos de glicação avançada (AGEs) e componentes bioativos e sua relação com a localização primária do câncer. Estudo de análise observacional transversal, com amostra composta por 8 peças-em tratamento oncológico atendido no Hospital Nossa Senhora das Dores, em Nova MG. A mama eo cólon e reto foram as localizações primárias mais prevalentes. Carne, ovos, óleo e alimentos ricos em nutrientes, foram os alimentos que mais AGEs.Uma amostra de ingestão de polifenóis e de carotenoides abaixo dos estudos e também do observado em outros. Houve diferença no consumo de antocianinas entre homens e mulheres, e a ingestão de flavonoides foi maior entre as mulheres. Foi observada uma exposição negativa entre o consumo dos AGEs e dos polióis. Todavia, não foi encontrada associação entre a ingestão dietética dos AGEs e dos compostos bioativos e as localizações primárias do câncer.
Preface
Authors: Horswill Ian , Jhala Arnav
Published: October 2022

Interactive digital media forms, such as games, are an important part of our society. Beyond entertainment, interactive and collaborative digital media creates social bonds between people by providing a shared reality for people separated in time and space. Interactive media is increasingly used in education and in ameliorating the cognitive and physical health of the players. Collaborative media interactions can in- centivize crowds of players to solve difficult problems, and researchers now leverage virtual worlds to serve as a research laboratory for understanding human behavior.
Generative Methods for Guard and Camera Placement in Stealth Games
Authors: Xu Qihan , Tremblay Jonathan , Verbrugge Clark
Published: October 2022

Enemy observers, such as cameras and guards, are common elements that provide challenge to many stealth and combat games.  Defining the exact placement and movement of such entities, however, is a non-trivial process, requiring a designer balance level-difficulty, coverage, and representation of realistic behaviours.  In this work we explore systems for procedurally generating both camera and guard placement in a stealth game context.  For the former we use an approach based on weakening theoretical results for optimal camera placement, while for the latter we perform automatic roadmap construction, generating more specific patrol behaviours through a grammar-based technique.  We evaluate both approaches with a non-trivial implementation in Unity3D, and apply quantitative metrics to demonstrate how different parametrizations can be used to control level difficulty without sacrificing believability.
Emotion-Based Interactive Storytelling with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Poo Hernandez Sergio , Bulitko Vadim , St. Hilaire Emilie
Published: October 2022

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have been widely used in video games to control non-playable characters. More recently, AI has been applied to automated story generation and game-mastering: managing the player’s experience in an interactive narrative on-the-fly. Such methods allow the narrative to be generated dynamically, in response to the player’s in-game actions. As a result, it is more difficult for the human game designers to ensure that each possible narrative trajectory will elicit desired emotional response from the player. We tackle this problem by computationally predicting the player’s emotional response to a narrative segment. We use the predictions within an AI experience manager to shape the narrative dynamically during the game to keep the player on an author-supplied target emotional curve.
Game AI Planning Analytics: The Case of Three First-Person Shooters
Authors: Jacopin Eric
Published: October 2022

We present a general framework for Game Artificial Intelligence Planning (AIP) Analytics. The objective is to provide analytic tools to study and improve AIP components and their use in video-games. Extraction and formatting of AI data is first described and discussed. Then AIP metrics are listed with examples and illustrations from three popular First-Person Shooters: F.E.A.R. (2005), KillZone 3 (2011) and Transformers 3: Fall of Cybertron (2012). The patterns we discovered in our study clearly show the AIP component is called more often by the game over the years.
Toward Automatic Role Identification in Unannotated Folk Tales
Authors: Valls-Vargas Josep , Zhu Jichen , Ontañón Santiago
Published: October 2022

This paper presents an approach for automatically identifying high-level narrative structure information, particularly character roles, from unannotated folk tales. We introduce a new representation called em action matrices to encode Propp's narrative theory on character role and their sphere of action. We tested our approach in a fully automated system (Voz) using a corpus of 10 folk tales.Our experimental evaluation shows that action matrices capture useful information for role identification, provides insight into the error introduced by individual steps, and identifies the current bottlenecks.
Optimizing Player Experience in Interactive Narrative Planning: A Modular Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Rowe Jonathan , Mott Bradford , Lester James
Published: October 2022

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in data-driven approaches to interactive narrative planning and drama management. Reinforcement learning techniques show particular promise because they can automatically induce and refine models for tailoring game events by optimizing reward functions that explicitly encode interactive narrative experiences’ quality. Due to the inherently subjective nature of interactive narrative experience, designing effective reward functions is challenging. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of alternate formulations of reward in a reinforcement learning-based interactive narrative planner for the Crystal Island game environment. We formalize interactive narrative planning as a modular reinforcement-learning (MRL) problem. By decomposing interactive narrative planning into multiple independent sub-problems, MRL enables efficient induction of interactive narrative policies directly from a corpus of human players’ experience data. Empirical analyses suggest that interactive narrative policies induced with MRL are likely to yield better player outcomes than heuristic or baseline policies. Furthermore, we observe that MRL-based interactive narrative planners are robust to alternate reward discount parameterizations.
Building Placement Optimization in Real-Time Strategy Games
Authors: Barriga Nicolas , Stanescu Marius , Buro Michael
Published: October 2022

In this paper we propose using a Genetic Algorithm to optimize the placement of buildings in Real-Time Strategy games. Candidate solutions are evaluated by running base assault simulations. We present experimental results in SparCraft — a StarCraft combat simulator --- using battle setups extracted from human and bot StarCraft games. We show that our system is able to turn base assaults that are losses for the defenders into wins, as well as reduce the number of surviving attackers. Performance is heavily dependent on the quality of the prediction of the attacker army composition used for training, and its similarity to the army used for evaluation. These results apply to both human and bot games.
Integrated Pathﬁnding and Player Analysis for Touch-Driven Games
Authors: Thompson Tommy , Vinciguerra Michele
Published: October 2022

This paper introduces a software framework, currently in prototype stage, designed to permit automatic integration of pathﬁnding navigation in isomertric camera-driven games. This framework is built with an emphasis towards touchscreen-driven gameplay on tablets and smartphones. This enables pathﬁnding to be adopted not by characters in-game, but also permits a range of traditional and experimental control schemes to utilise this feature. In addition, the framework provides for a range of metrics to be established based on user activity; enabling quality assurance to be conducted based on raw-user input and pre-processed data.
I Can Jump! Exploring Search Algorithms for Simulating Platformer Players
Authors: Tremblay Jonathan , Borodovski Alexander , Verbrugge Clark
Published: October 2022

Platformer games let players solve real-time, physics-based puzzles by jumping and moving around to reach different goals. Designing levels for this context is a non-trivial task; the placement of well-timed jumps, moving platforms, in- teresting traps, etc., has a complex relationship to in-game challenge and the existence of possible solutions. In this work, we describe three different search algorithms (A⋆, MCTS and RRT) that could be used to simulate player be- haviour in the platformer domain. We evaluate and compare the three approaches applied to three non-trivial levels, show- ing a possible iterative workflow of use to designers, and re- search progress in designing search algorithms for platformer games.
Asymmetric Virtual Environments: Exploring the Effects of Avatar Colors on Performance
Authors: Domínguez Ignacio , Roberts David
Published: October 2022

Due to the virtual nature of Virtual Environments (VE), there is an affordance to change game and avatar features asymmetrically, where the features that are rendered for one participant can be different from those rendered for other participants while still sharing the same virtual world. We are calling these kinds of VEs Asymmetric Virtual Environments (AVE). In this paper we present work on a platform for studying online interactions using an AVE. We do so through a preliminary study that explores the effects of avatar colors on individual and group performance when solving a scavenger hunt in a 3D virtual environment followed by a location identification task in a 2D virtual environment. While the results of this preliminary study are not conclusive, our data seem to indicate that players' avatar colors can indeed influence online performance.
Educational Neurogaming: EEG-Controlled Videogames as Interactive Teaching Tools For Introductory Neuroscience
Authors: Schwarz David , Subramanian Vivek , Zhuang Katie , Adamczyk Christine
Published: October 2022

In order to advance the field of neuroscience, we must continue motivating youth to pursue science education. In this report we tested the idea of combining neurogaming with education. We developed a pair of electroencephalography (EEG)-controlled neurogames using inexpensive and/or free tools to teach students about the fundamentals of neuroscience and brain machine interfaces (BMI) through a fun, interactive activity. We report on the particular concepts they allowed us to introduce, the techniques and methods we used, and the effect of the activities on stimulating students’ interest in neuroscience, and discuss how to optimize the learning experience. We conclude that educational neurogames could be a key tool for furthering and motivating neuroscience education.
Using Game Reviews to Recommend Games
Authors: Meidl Michael , Lytinen Steven , Raison Kevin
Published: October 2022

We present a recommender system intended to be used by a community of gamers. The system uses free-form text reviews of games written by the members of the community, along with information about the games that a particular user likes, in order to recommend new games that are likely to be of interest to that user. The system uses the frequency of co-occurrence of word pairs that appear in the reviews of a game as features that represent the game. The pairs consist of adjectives and context words; i.e., words that appear close to an adjective in a review. Because of the extremely large number of possible combinations of adjectives and context words, we use information-theoretic co-clustering of the adjective-context word pairs to reduce the dimensionality. Games are represented using the standard information retrieval vector space model, in which vector features are based on the frequency of occurrence of cocluster pairs.We present the results of three experiments with our system. In the first experiment, we use a variety of strategies to relate frequencies of co-cluster pairs to vector features, to see which produces the most accurate recommendations. In the second, we explore the effects of co-cluster dimensionality on the quality of our system’s recommendations. In the third experiment, we compare our approach to a baseline approach using a bag-of-words technique and conclude that our approach produces higher quality recommendations.
Automating Direct Speech Variations in Stories and Games
Authors: Lukin Stephanie , Ryan James , Walker Marilyn
Published: October 2022

Dialogue authoring in large games requires not only content creation but the subtlety of its delivery, which can vary from character to character. Manually authoring this dialogue can be tedious, time-consuming, or even altogether infeasible. This paper utilizes a rich narrative representation for modeling dialogue and an expressive natural language generation engine for realizing it, and expands upon a translation tool that bridges the two. We add functionality to the translator to allow direct speech to be modeled by the narrative representation, whereas the original translator supports only narratives told by a third person narrator. We show that we can perform character substitution in dialogues. We implement and evaluate a potential application to dialogue implementation: generating dialogue for games with big, dynamic, or procedurally-generated open worlds. We present a pilot study on human perceptions of the personalities of characters using direct speech, assuming unknown personality types at the time of authoring.
Mr. Clue — A Virtual Agent that Can Play Word-Guessing Games
Authors: Pincus Eli , DeVault David , Traum David
Published: October 2022

This demonstration showcases a virtual agent, Mr. Clue, capable of acting in the role of clue-giver in a word-guessing game. The agent has the ability to automatically generate clues and update its dialogue policy dynamically based on user input.