bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVENTING AND FIGHTING CURRENCY COUNTERFEITING IN POLAND
Authors: MUCHA Izabela
Published: December 2023

Fałszerstwo istnieje od tysiącleci. Dokonywane jest przez różne grupy społeczne na różnych etapach w obrocie gospodarczym, ale zawsze w jednym celu – korzyści majątkowej. Skali przestępstwa nie da się dokładnie określić ze względu na stałą ewolucję metod fałszerskich, które często idealnie odzwierciedlają oryginał. Główny problem badawczy został sformułowany w postaci pytania: jaki jest poziom świadomości społeczeństwa w odniesieniu do problemu fałszowania pieniędzy? W związku z powyższym , zasadniczym celem przeprowadzonych badań uczyniono określenie poziomu tejże świadomości. Na wstępnym etapie badań przyjęto hipotezę badawczą w postaci przypuszczenia, że uczestnicy obiegu gotówkowego w większości nie sprawdzają autentyczności otrzymywanych banknotów, co ułatwia działania przestępcom. Udzieleniu odpowiedzi na pytanie stanowiące główny problem badawczy oraz weryfikacji przyjętej hipotezy posłużyło zastosowanie szeregu metod badawczych, zarówno teoretycznych, jak i empirycznych. Analiza i synteza wykorzystane zostały do ustalenia aktualnego stanu wiedzy w zakresie stosowanych przez emitenta zabezpieczeń na banknotach metod fałszowania pieniędzy oraz systemu zwalczania przestępczości związanej z fałszowaniem środków płatniczych. Badania empiryczne przeprowadzone zostały z zastosowaniem metody sądów i opinii, z wykorzystaniem narzędzia badawczego - kwestionariusza ankiety.
Poverty and Perception in Jamaica
Authors: Benfield Warren A.
Published: December 2023

Although many studies exist on poverty in developing countries, traditionally they tend to utilize either a subjective or an objective approach. This study is part of an emerging trend and embraces both methodologies and utilizes qualitative and quantitative data to study poverty in five Jamaican communities. In the course of his research, Benfield found that individuals often defined themselves as poor when the government did not and vice versa. In many cases, individuals did not participate in social and economic programmes because they did not believe they were “poor” although the government objectively defined them as such. For many of these households, their definition of their economic status depended on their access to education, their neighbourhood, their purchasing power for consumable goods, whether or not they received remittances from abroad, and their gender. Poverty and Perception in Jamaica has major policy implications for Jamaica and the increased economic well-being of its citizens. Benfield proposes problem-solving measures for poverty alleviation and this work makes a significant contribution to the theoretical literature on poverty measurement.
Improving Network Security: An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Dataset from Higher Learning Institutions, Mbeya University of Science and Technology (MUST), Tanzania
Authors: Sindika Daud M. , Nicholaus Mrindoko R. , Hamadi Nabahani B.
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, Internet-driven culture securing computer networks in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) has become a major responsibility. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are crucial for protecting networks from unauthorized activity and cyber threats. This paper examines the process of improving network security by creating a comprehensive IDS dataset using real traffic from HLIs, highlighting the importance of accurate and representative data in improving the system's ability to identify and mitigate future cyber-attacks. The IDS model was created using a variety of machine learning (ML) techniques. Metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were used to assess the performance of each model. The dataset used for training and testing was real-world network traffic data obtained from the institution's computer network. The results showed that the developed IDS obtained exceptional accuracy rates, with Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost models all achieving an accuracy of around 93%. Precision and recall values were likewise quite high across all algorithms. Furthermore, the study discovered that data quality has a substantial impact on IDS performance. Proper data preparation, feature engineering, and noise removal were found to be helpful in improving model accuracy and reducing false positives. While the IDS models performed well throughout validation and testing, implementing such systems in a production setting necessitates careful thought. As a result, the essay also examined the procedures for testing and deploying the IDS models in a real-world scenario. It underlined the significance of ongoing monitoring and maintenance in order to keep the model effective in identifying intrusions. The research aids in the progress of network security in HLI. Educational institutions can better protect their precious assets and sensitive information from cyberattacks by understanding the impact of data quality on IDS performance and implementing effective deployment techniques
ON THE REPRESENTATION OF THE VISUAL IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE (PROBLEM OF ARTISTIC AND SCIENTIFIC RECEPTION)
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Shevchenko E.S.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to one of the current problems of the theory of intermediality - the representation of the visual in Russian literature. The study examines ways in which literary studies and other humanities can overcome the well-known narrow view of the verbal sign and its capabilities, describes scientific events devoted to the problems of visualization of literature, as well as the scientific apparatus developed over the past two decades. Among the most significant techniques of visual poetics are ekphrasis and intradiegesis. The most significant aspects of the visual in various artistic practices are explored: the visual picture of the world (M. Heidegger) and subject-object relations in the process of its contemplation/observation, the concepts of vision/sight/eye and glance, which allow us to distinguish between these phenomena and determine their specificity; various modes and figures of vision are considered, such as the observer, the spy. The modality of the visible, relevant for the modern era, can be traced through the extensive material of works of Russian literature, reflected in the works of domestic and foreign literary scholars, as well as Slavists. The emphasis is on spiritual vision and apophatic ekphrasis. It is predicted that there will be a further increase in interest in the problems of the visual, and an expansion of the scope of research due to the emergence of new technologies and ways of seeing.
THE ROLE OF SELF-DETERMINATION AND SELF-REALIZATION OF STUDENTS' PERSONALITY IN THE SYSTEM OF DIGITAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Kolyvanova L.A. , Chekanushkina E.N. , Beilina N.S. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: December 2023

The relevance of self-determination and self-realization of the personality of students in the system of digital vocational education lies in the fact that these aspects have a significant impact on the effectiveness and quality of education in the digital environment. Successful mastering of the professional skills and knowledge necessary for a future career requires students not only to have technical skills, but also to be ready for personal growth and development. Conscious selfdetermination and work on self-realization help students to better understand their goals, motivations, interests and personal qualities, as well as develop confidence and leadership skills. As a result, students will be able to successfully adapt to work and achieve success in their professional activities. The article discusses the role of self-determination and self-realization of the personality of students in the system of digital vocational education. The authors of the study analyze the influence of personal factors on the effectiveness of the learning process in the digital environment, and also highlight the key aspects that contribute to the development of students' personal qualities. Particular attention is paid to the role of teachers in the formation of self-determination and self-realization of the personality of students, as well as the possibilities of digital technologies in this process. The results of the study allow us to conclude that it is necessary to include work with personal aspects in digital professional education programs and the use of innovative teaching methods for the development of a student's personality in a digital environment.
CULTUROLOGICAL FEATURES OF GASTRONOMY IN THE 20-30S. IN THE USSR AND SOME FOREIGN COUNTRIES: A COMPARATIVE ASPECT
Authors:   Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Ermolaev V.A.
Published: December 2023

In the article, the author conducts a comparative analysis of the situation with nutrition and the state of gastronomic culture in the USSR and some foreign countries (mainly in the USA, as the ancestor of the world crisis of 1929). The chronological framework is defined by the period of the 1920s-1930s. The author explores to a greater extent the famine in the USSR, since it is one of the most controversial issues in science, especially in history, since the question is still being raised: was it the genocide of the Ukrainian people or a universal problem of the peoples of the USSR. However, the article does not pursue the purpose of research and preparation of an answer to this question, therefore, the paper presents the opinions of scientists on how nutrition was carried out during that period, both the Ukrainian people and other SSR. I would especially like to note the participation of the state in the formation of such a situation, since the forcible rejection of market relations and the "construction" of communism, in our opinion and the opinion of other scientists, led to total hunger in some areas of the Union, and to a lack of nutrition in others. Therefore, as the author concludes, during this period, the gastronomic culture can be called a culture of hunger – all the actions of the population were aimed at survival, a number of representatives returned to taboo ways of eating (cannibalism), there were certain rules in the actions and analysis of their behavior (seemingly primitive). The situation was different in foreign countries. As the analysis showed, the famine in Europe and the United States was caused by other reasons – the economic crisis. At the same time, the leaders of foreign states tried to adjust the nutrition of the population by organizing a centralized body. A similar situation developed in the USSR, only the All-Union Society of National Nutrition was called not to correct, but to control the consumption of food by the population. As for the state of gastronomic culture in foreign countries, the author believes that its orientation was indicated by the need to survive in conditions of austerity and lack of livelihood. But at the same time, the culture associated with nutrition still existed – middle–class people, marginals, the military - all these categories ate in their own way, there was differentiation, unlike the population in the USSR
Ecosistema de Interoperabilidad basado en C++/MicroPython sobre plataformas Raspberry y ESP32
Authors: Niño Jorge Andres , Politi Marcos , Gulfo Maximiliano Ezequiel , Laiz Hector , Lucangioli Lucien , Quiroga Camilo
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo describe una solución de bajo costo basada en el procesador ESP32 y un controlador LoRa SX1276 para control de inversores fotovoltaicos con interfaz WiFi, tanto en lenguaje C++ como MicroPython. También se presenta una solución en Python para Raspberry. Para la prueba del firmware se empleó la plataforma HELTEC. Se desarrollaron además el hardware del ecosistema con diversas funcionalidades y un firmware configurable para manejo de múltiples interfaces con los inversores FV.
Estudio y desarrollo de un sistema para tomografía ultrasónica bidimensional
Authors: Reigada Maximiliano Daniel , González Martín German , Rey Vega Leonardo Javier
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se aborda el estudio y desarrollo de un sistema que posibilita la obtención de imágenes de ultrasonido bidimensionales. El enfoque principal del desarrollo consistió en conseguir que el sistema sea apto para reutilizarlo en otras aplicaciones de índole semejante. Para este propósito, se empleó un transductor de inmersión comercial, se diseñó e implementó un subsistema para explorar la muestra bajo estudio desde distintos ángulos, y se desarrolló un algoritmo de reconstrucción para generar las imágenes a partir de las mediciones acústicas registradas. Asimismo, se desarrolló un modelo computacional para simular el funcionamiento del tomógrafo en su totalidad. Para evaluar el desempeño del sistema real y el simulado, se utilizaron dos figuras de mérito (correlación de Pearson y relación señal a ruido pico) entre las imágenes de referencia y las reconstrucciones obtenidas.
Análisis de la reflexión de ondas electromagnéticas a través de placas paralelas isótropas
Authors: Caro German Eduardo , Acosta Eduardo Omar , Perez Liliana Ines , Veiras Francisco Ezequiel
Published: December 2023

Este estudio se enfoca en la reflexión de ondas electromagnéticas a través de placas paralelas isotrópicas utilizando el método interferométrico, en lugar de tratar el sistema como un todo y resolverlo con las condiciones de contorno. Esto consiste en considerar cada una de las múltiples reflexiones que se dan en este tipo de sistemas, de forma de obtener un desarrollo con distintos términos que convergan a la solución exacta. Así buscamos examinar si las primeras reflexiones son suficientes para una buena aproximación. Se derivaron expresiones para los coeficientes de reflexión para polarizaciones paralelas (p) y perpendiculares (s). Los resultados muestran que considerar solo la primera reflexión no es una buena aproximación, pero si lo es considerar los primeros dos términos.
Discovery of Unguisin J, a new cyclic peptide from Aspergillus heteromorphus CBS 117.55, and phylogeny-based bioinformatic analysis of UngA NRPS domains
Authors: Neupane Sharmila , Rodrigues de Amorim Marcelo , Skellam Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

Several under-explored Aspergillus sp. produce intriguing heptapeptides containing a g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) residue with as yet unknown biological functions. In this study a new GABA-containing heptapeptide – unguisin J (1) – along with known unguisin B (2) were isolated from a solid culture of Aspergillus heteromorphus CBS 117.55. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis including HSQC, HMBC, COSY, and 2D-NOESY as well as HRESIMS. The stereochemistry of 1 and 2 was determined by Marfey’s method. A biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) encoding unguisins B and J was compared to characterized BGCs in other Aspergillus sp. Since the unguisin family of heptapetides incorporate different amino-acid residues at different positions of the peptide, the A and C domains of the UngA NRPS were analyzed in an attempt to understand the lack of substrate specificity observed.
Desmembramiento genésico y fecundación mítica en las cosmovisiones de la Mesoamérica prehispánica y del Egipto faraónico
Authors: Domínguez Ángeles Alondra , P. Taber Gerardo
Published: December 2023

En la antigua Mesoamérica el principio “la muerte genera vida” permeó todas las esferas de su cosmovisión. Una de las formas de muerte es la sacrificial, en esta se contiene el desmembramiento, y los desmembramientos fueron recurrentes en las narrativas mítica y visual de los códices y del repertorio iconográfico en piedra, así como en las fuentes novohispanas. Así también, el desmembramiento fue referido en los mitos del Egipto faraónico, en donde el relato de la muerte y resurrección de Osiris fue central para las creencias de la vida en el Más Allá y para la concepción del ciclo agrícola. Esta deidad personificaba al trigo y a la cebada, base de la alimentación del antiguo país del Nilo, que al ser segado y trillado se convierte en el sustento de la humanidad. Este trabajo analiza la asociación entre el desmembramiento y la génesis que causó.
Kualitekit: Empresas indígenas y comunitarias en México, una radiografía
Authors: Rojas Mora Xánath
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se analizan los estudios realizados sobre empresas indígenas o empresas comunitarias en México desde distintas posturas, principalmente económicas y administrativas. Se trata de hacer una revisión de la literatura exclusivamente nacional que muestre las líneas de investigación en torno al tema, así como los métodos y las discusiones que hay al respecto. Para lo anterior se realizó una investigación documental descriptiva a partir de las publicaciones realizadas en los últimos cinco años principalmente. El trabajo arroja la posibilidad de identificar definiciones sobre las empresas indígenas como el hecho de ser empresas sociales comunitarias. Adicionalmente, se identifican factores que inciden en su formación y desarrollo como los valores culturales e identidad indígena, el papel del patrimonio cultural y biocultural, la incidencia de factores externos que posibilitan la llegada de infraestructura, proyectos y asesoría, así como el papel de los saberes locales.
La categorización del cuerpo en el mundo totonaco
Authors: Tino Antonio Jorge , Santiago Francisco José
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo pretende mostrar cómo entiende el totonacohablante su mundo a través de la categorización de las partes de su cuerpo desde su lengua. Así mismo, aportar sobre cómo se trata el concepto de cuerpo humano en una cultura mesoamericana. Para lo anterior, analizamos los morfemas que remiten al cuerpo humano en términos cuyo significado no sea literal, con el propósito de visibilizar qué partes de este son más recurrentes para expresar conceptos abstractos y de la vida cotidiana desde el totonaco, así como comprender qué parte del cuerpo representa al ser humano. Los datos que analizamos los obtuvimos del habla cotidiana, de la revisión de textos y a través del método introspectivo, pues los autores somos parte de la cultura totonaca. Los resultados arrojan que el rostro, el estómago, la nariz, sobre todo, son las partes que categorizan al ser humano según la visión de esta cultura.
The Role of Social Network Platforms for Discursive Legitimation: Unveiling Neoliberalism Behind the Discourse on Public Universities
Authors: Lacerda Daniel S. , De Cássia T. Santos Rita
Published: December 2023

This article investigates the discursive dispute for the (de)legitimation of public universities in Brazil and demonstrates how the interactions on social network platforms privilege discursive strategies that shift the debate from technical to identarian argumentative topos. Using the sociocognitive approach by Teun van Dijk, our analysis focuses on meanings that reside in the sociopolitical context of the message and constitute the context model manipulated by the information architecture of social media platforms. Understanding this dynamic was important to reveal how the commodification of education and disinvestment in higher education (HE) were and continue to be legitimatized, and also to explain why managerial attempts of public organizations to gain legitimacy through engagement and participation on social media have achieved modest results despite the growing importance of social media for legitimation.
Revisión Teórica de los Aspectos Fundamentales que Influyen en el Aprendizaje
Authors: Vera Arias Marjorie Juana , Nevárez Loza Rosa , Beltrán Ayala Luis Alberto , Vera Vera Jenny Elizabeth , Mendoza Vega Aracely Jacqueline
Published: December 2023

En esta exhaustiva revisión teórica, se exploran y analizan los diversos factores que ejercen influencia en el proceso de aprendizaje. Desde las teorías clásicas hasta las perspectivas contemporáneas, el articulo ofrece una panorámica completa, abordando elementos como el entorno educativo, las estrategias pedagógicas, las variables individuales y las nuevas tecnologías. Al sintetizar investigaciones claves se arroja luz sobre la complejidad del aprendizaje, proporcionando una base sólida para comprender y mejorar los métodos educativos en la actualidad. La investigación tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis minucioso sobre el tema bajo la metodología de la investigación cualitativa, con diseño bibliográfico, la recopilación de información relevante tuvo su hallazgo en libros, tesis, revistas científicas de alto impacto. Después de una exploración sistemática literaria se instauró una variedad de contenidos pedagógicos para solucionarlos equidistante de la teoría narrativa. Finalmente, se procedió a realizar una evaluación de la certeza en la implementación de estos principios de la pedagogía narrativa cuya importancia abre oportunidades para optimizar la enseñanza y promueve un desarrollo educativo más completo.
Concepciones Docentes Sobre la Teoría de la Gravedad
Authors: Torres Jaramillo Jorge Mario
Published: December 2023

Las concepciones son vistas como un conjunto de creencias, ideas, conceptos, preconceptos y percepciones que una persona o un colectivo utilizan para interpretar sus realidades, comportamientos, valores de juicio, y abordar situaciones y acciones.  Se analizó las concepciones sobre la teoría de la gravedad en un grupo de docentes con formación en ingeniería, licenciatura en ciencias naturales y profesionales en ciencias exactas que enseñan física en la educación secundaria y media. Se aplicó el modelo alostérico de André Giordan para recurrir a diversos métodos como la formulación de situaciones suficientemente significativas en un análisis de opinión, un test de conocimientos, seguido de cortas entrevistas con algunos participantes para explicitar sus respuestas y dibujos, además de un test de silogismos categóricos. Se encontró que los docentes confían demasiado en creencias e ideas preexistentes en lugar de considerar adecuadamente el contenido y la estructura teórica de un argumento. Los docentes aceptan conclusiones que se alinean con sus creencias, incluso si esas conclusiones son débiles o inválidas, y rechazan las conclusiones que contradicen sus creencias, incluso si estas son fuertes y lógicamente aceptables.
Análisis financiero en agroecosistemas cafeteros (Coffea arabica L.) en el suroeste de Colombia
Authors: Delgado-Vargas Iván A. , Muñoz Rodríguez Martin Alonso
Published: December 2023

Las prácticas agroforestales incorporadas a los sistemas cafeteros dinamizan la oferta productiva, posibilitando su diversificación, en esta medida se hace necesario la realización del análisis financiero de estos sistemas en términos de rentabilidad como una herramienta para la gestión financiera eficiente de las fincas nariñenses. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación es el análisis financiero en agroecosistemas cafeteros en tres municipios de Nariño, se identificaron cuatro agroecosistemas de C. arabica basados en la composición botánica del dosel de sombra: C1 (cultivo a pleno sol), C2 (cultivo con musáceas y árboles de servicio), C3 (cultivo con árboles de servicio y maderables), y C4 (cultivo con árboles de servicio, maderables, frutales y musáceas), se caracterizaron socioeconómicamente 12 fincas y se calcularon indicadores financieros junto con un análisis de sensibilidad financiera. Se evidenció que el sistema C4 tuvo una mayor relación beneficio/costo en Buesaco y San Pablo y una disminución en Sandoná, en comparación con el sistema C1. Sin embargo, el VAN fue mayor para esta localidad y menor en Buesaco y San Pablo para el sistema C4 en comparación con el C1. Los sistemas agroforestales aumentaron gradualmente los ingresos económicos, con un mayor crecimiento en el sistema C4. Al sensibilizar variables externas, como el precio de venta y los costos de producción, afectaron directamente el ingreso neto del café en tres años.
Caracterización del estilo de pensamiento: Caso alumnos de Ingeniería Civil del Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tlatlauquitepec (ITSTL)
Authors: Chávez Galavíz Álvaro , Mirón Hernández Leticia , Carmona de la Rosa Josué , Sánchez García Adán , Hernández Méndez Claudia
Published: December 2023

En 1994, Ned Herrmann desarrolló un modelo cerebral que constaba de cuatro cuadrantes, dos izquierdos y dos derechos, como resultado de la fusión interhemisférica del modelo Sperry (Sperry, 1973), y el cerebro límbico y cortical del modelo McLean (MacLean P. D., 1990). Los cuatro cuadrantes representan diferentes maneras de funcionar, pensar, crear, aprender y, en definitiva, convivir con el mundo, incluso si aceptamos que el cerebro opera como una totalidad volumétrica. El objetivo de este estudio, basado en el modelo de Ned Hermann y estudios realizados por Omar Gardié, fue determinar el perfil de dominancia cerebral de los estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil del Instituto Superior Tecnológico de Tlatlauquitepec. Se seleccionaron 113 de un total de 130 estudiantes que cursaban del primero al cuarto semestre, aplicando el instrumento diseñado por el Dr. Alberto Jiménez Vélez en el año 2006 (Jiménez, 2006); El instrumento consta de 40 elementos. En promedio el 41.06% presentan dominancia o preferencia en los cuadrante cortical derecho; y 28.85% en el cuadrante cortical izquierdo; es decir, presentan más preferencia en la parte de los cuadrantes corticales. Las personas con este tipo de dominancia tienen la ventaja de poder comprender el pensamiento no lineal, expresándolos verbalmente.
Modelo Semiótico Musical con un Enfoque Socio-Político: una Propuesta Metodológica-Práctica
Authors: Osorio Pacheco Esmeralda , Islas Maldonado Ojuky del Rocío
Published: December 2023

La semiótica musical se ha convertido en una herramienta para encontrar la significación musical desde distintas perspectivas. Las ciencias sociales han penetrado en esta nueva rama, por lo que la música ha paso a ser objeto de estudio dentro de los colectivos sociales. En este artículo, se plantea un modelo semiótico musical con enfoque social-político, para interpretar el tema Another Brick in the Wall, en un contexto diferente al de su creación. Significando el video y letra musical, con actores como Enrique Peña Nieto, los medios de comunicación y la sociedad mexicana pertenecientes a México 2016, ya que fue en este año en que Roger Waters cantautor de la canción ofreció un concierto que fue la pauta determinante de llevar el tema de los 70’ a un nuevo entorno.
Penyuluhan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS)
Authors: Ivonne Ruth Situmeang  , Jerry Tobing  , Maestro Simanjuntak  , Paul Tobing  , Sanggam B. Hutagalung
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat adalah sebagai implementasi pengabdian pada masyarakat dalam melaksanakan Tri Dharma perguruan tinggi serta memberikan sumbangan pemikiran dan transfer pengetahuan kepada pada Ibu, Bapak, Anak- anak dan Remaja. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 17 Maret 2022, dengan materi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat. Topik ini sangat dibutuhkan dalam rangka memberikan informasi dan pengetahuan mengenai Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat guna mencegah terjadinya penyebaran penyakit pada masyarakat. Topik ini sengaja dipilih mengingat Indonesia merupakan negara tropis sehingga peran tenaga medis sangat penting dalam memberikan edukasi pada masyarakat untuk berperilaku hidup bersih di rumah dan sekitaran lingkungan rumah, dimana kegiatan tersebut bertujuan untuk mengurangi resiko penularan dan terjangkitnya penyakit tertentu.
A LITERATURE REVIEW: THE POTENTIAL OF NATURAL INGREDIENTS AS ANTIDEPRESSANTS
Authors: Puruhita Ranatri , Sri Wahyuni Arifah , Suhendi Andi
Published: December 2023

Changes in mood, physical well-being, and behavior, such as sleep and hunger patterns, psychomotor abilities, concentration, anhedonia, exhaustion, hopelessness, helplessness, and suicidal thoughts, define a mental illness known as depression. Alternative therapies that can be used to avoid these side effects include herbal medicines from several types of plants. This literature review aims to determine the potential of natural ingredients that have antidepressant activity in plant biomarkers, methods of obtaining biomarkers, effective dose, and their mechanisms of action. Article searches use keywords ("Herbal plant" OR "Medicinal plant" OR "Herbal" OR "Plant Extract" OR "Plant Extracts") AND ("Antidepressant" OR "Antidepressive") AND ("Mechanism of antidepressant") using the Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. The final results included eight research articles in the systematic review that met the inclusion criteria. Plants that have antidepressant potential include flowers of Viola odorata L, Crocus sativus, Impatiens glandulifera, and Leptadenia hastata (Pers.) and Alpinia zerumbet, seeds of Nigella sativa, root of Panax ginseng, and Achyranthes aspera.
Keywords: Antidepressants, Natural Ingredients, Literature Review
Modifikasi Metode Big-M dan Analisis Sensitivitasnya untuk Optimasi Produksi Usaha Kecil Menengah
Authors: Fadhilah Nurul , Prihandono Bayu , Yudhi Yudhi
Published: December 2023

UKM (Small and Medium Enterprises) X is a business that produces various types of peanut brittle. Rempeyek is suitable as a snack and is popular with children and adults. The production process of UKM X is related to the quantity of demand and availability of raw materials. Therefore, optimal production planning is needed for UKM X to meet customer demand and obtain maximum profits. The problem of production is modeled into linear programming with the method used, namely, the method of Big M. The Big-M method is used because, on the function of the barrier on the production target, there is an equation , so artificial variables must be added to its solution. In this study, a modification of the Big-M method is made, and at the completion stage, it uses iteration with the determinant algorithm of the order of two matrices. The calculation results obtained the maximum profit of UKM X in a week of Rs5.455.775 by producing 56 kg of peanuts, 20 kg of seeds, 16 kg of spinach, 23 kg of tempe, and 60 kg of shrimp to meet customer requirements and utilize the availability of raw materials. Subsequently, sensitivity analysis is performed on the target function coefficient and the right street constants of the barrier to determine how the change affects the optimal solution. The results show that the solution remains optimal when profits are in the interval obtained, but the maximum profit value changes with constant production. Based on the calculation results, raw material supplies remain optimal when the change value is within the interval obtained.
Analysis of Students' Errors in Solving HOTS Problems on Algebraic Materials Based on the Complexity Level of the Problem Based on Bloom's Theory
Authors: Muliana Yulia , Abdillah Abdillah , Mahsup Mahsup , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Ahmodu Abdul-Lateef Olamide , Iddrisu Mohammed Muniru
Published: December 2023

Mathematics discusses a lot about various kinds of problems that contain numbers that are classified as Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Math HOTS questions require a high level of thinking to solve the problem. Based on Bloom's theory, HOTS consists of analyzing (C4), evaluating (C5), and creating (C6). This study aims to determine the level of student errors in solving HOTS questions based on Bloom's theory. This research uses mixed method research, which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, where the stages of this research include instrument development, instrument validation, data collection, data analysis and interpretation. The sample of this study used 25 students of class VIII junior high school in Mataram City. Researchers gave 10 essay questions that had been validated by material experts to students as research instruments. The results showed that students' understanding in solving HOTS problems was still lacking. For the error rate, it was found that there were no students who could solve the creating (C6) section with a percentage of 100% error, analyzing (C4) section with a percentage of 60%, evaluating (C5) 24%, applying (C3) 16%, understanding (C2) 12%, and in the remembering (C1) section there were no students who made mistakes with a percentage of 0% error. The biggest error was found in the creating part (C6), where the most mistakes were made by women with an average score of 50.55.
Determining the Optimum Number of Clusters in Hierarchical Clustering Using Pseudo-F
Authors: Sinaga Steven Jansen , Satyahadewi Neva , Perdana Hendra
Published: December 2023

Poverty refers to the condition where a person cannot meet the basic necessities based on the minimum living standards. Statistics Indonesia proxied an increase in the poverty rate in North Sumatra Province in 2021 from 8.75% to 9.01%. However, this increase is exclusive to North Sumatra Province, which has Indonesia's 3rd largest number of districts/cities. This study discussed mapping the North Sumatra Province region based on 10 poverty factor variables. The 10 variables are life expectancy, health complaints, poverty line, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), population growth rate, Expected Years of Schooling (EYS), Human Development Index (HDI), labor force participation rate, open unemployment rate, and district/city minimum wage. The Hierarchical Clustering analysis was employed to compare single, complete, and average linkage methods. The best method was determined based on the pseudo-F statistic value. 4 clusters had complete linkage methods, each of which possessed varied characteristics. Cluster 1 contains cities with the lowest poverty rate, including Medan City and  Pematang Siantar City. Cluster 2 consists of cities with low poverty rates, while Cluster 3 consists of cities with high poverty rates. Cities that are included in Cluster 4 have very high poverty rates, including South Nias District and Pakpak Bharat District. The clusters present significant poverty rate gaps among North Sumatra Province regions.
Piketty inequality, meta-market failures and the new role of the state
Authors: Fabella Raul
Published: December 2023

We argue that the celebrated 2014 Piketty thesis that thriving markets in advanced economies generate an ever increasing income inequality restores policy relevance to the Second Fundamental Theorem of Welfare and restores the role of the state in economics which the First Fundamental Theorem of Welfare seems, and the neoconservatives claim, to have marginalized. The Piketty thesis disproves the Kuznets hypothesis which says that the equity-deficit of market allocation is a temporary inconvenience which will dissipate as per capita income grows, thus, making state intervention unnecessary. Policies that enhance per capita growth may then replace policies of direct redistribution in the pursuit of equity. Piketty insists that this phenomenon is not due to some garden variety market failure but is due to the very dynamic that drives market prosperity, viz., private ownership of and the free enterprise deployment of capital. It is thus a meta-market failure. In properly functioning capitalist markets henceforth, the state still needs to directly push back on this metamarket failure to save capitalism from its own excesses and democracy from becoming collateral damage.
Diamond and Dybvig in developing economies and in a digital world
Authors: Debuque-Gonzales Margarita
Published: December 2023

The Nobel prize-winning article of Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig, entitled “Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity” and published by the Journal of Political Economy in 1983, has spawned a large literature, including on emerging markets and developing economies. In a nod to Diamond and Dybvig, this paper reviews this subset of the literature, which has received relatively less attention than the rest despite the greater risk of banking crises in these economies; it then examines whether the seminal article remains relevant against the rapid digital transformation of financial systems today. Models that adopted their basic ideas helped drive home the importance of maintaining sound macroeconomic fundamentals and keeping confidence levels high in bank-centered economies. Similarly applying their framework to assess the impact of the current evolution of financial systems also reveals valuable insights, such as low risk from financial technology, for now, but possible shadow banks in those settings, and allows for generally better analysis, including pointing out possible blind spots when adopting new concepts, such as central-bank-issued digital currencies.
Aneurysmal Disease in Patients With Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Lefebvre Frédéric , Ross Carolyn , Soowamber Medha , Pagnoux Christian
Published: December 2023

Objective

Takayasu arteritis (TA) leads to stenotic disease. Aneurysmal lesions are rarer. This study assessed the main characteristics of aneurysmal disease in a Canadian cohort of patients with TA.

Methods

This monocentric retrospective study included patients with TA followed at the Mount Sinai Hospital Vasculitis Clinic in Toronto. Diagnosis of TA was based on clinical findings and/or satisfied the 1990 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria.

Results

Seventy-four patients were included. At any time, aneurysmal disease was found in 23 (31%) patients. Median disease duration was 9.0 (IQR 7.0-19.0) years. Prior hypertension (P= 0.02), fever (P= 0.04), and seizure disorders (P= 0.03) were more common. Limb claudication was less frequent (P= 0.01). Persistent and/or new aneurysms were demonstrated in 22/23 patients at follow-up. Thoracic aorta aneurysm (13/22) was most common, followed by abdominal aorta (8/22), subclavian (7/22), and carotid (6/22) artery disease. Aortic valve regurgitation was more frequent (9/23 vs 3/48;P= 0.001). Twenty-one patients had been treated with glucocorticoids (median 6.1 years [IQR 3.7-8.1]). Methotrexate, azathioprine, and leflunomide were repeatedly used. Infliximab (7/23) was used more often (P= 0.04), whereas tocilizumab was received by only 4 patients with aneurysmal disease (P= 0.01). Patients with aneurysms suffered more frequent relapses (2.0 [IQR 0.0-4.0] vs 1.0 [IQR 0.0-2.0],P= 0.04).

Conclusion

Aneurysmal disease was found in a significant proportion of patients with TA. Given that aneurysms may carry a risk of rupture, and are associated with a higher rate of relapse, this finding should be reported systematically in TA studies.
Stability of traveling wave solutions for a nonlocal Lotka-Volterra model
Authors: Ma Xixia , Liu Rongsong , Cai Liming
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we studied the stability of traveling wave solutions of a two-species Lotka-Volterra competition model in the form of a coupled system of reaction diffusion equations with nonlocal intraspecific and interspecific competitions in space at times. First, the uniform upper bounds for the solutions of the model was proved. By using the anti-weighted method and the energy estimates, the asymptotic stability of traveling waves with large wave speeds of the system was established.
Electronic Prototype of Autonomous Learning for the Crossing of Pedestrians with Visual Disabilities in Lima
Authors: Luque-Milera Benjamin , Tocas-Taipe Alcides Alejandro , Florian-Amaro Estefano Jose Luis , Estrada-Ventocilla Axel , Salinas-Carbajal Brahyan Fabián , Sanchez-Ramirez Jhony Miguel , Cabana-Cáceres Maritza , Castro-Vargas Cristian
Published: December 2023

Difficulties related to vehicular chaos and obstacles in public spaces hinder the orientation of visually impaired individuals, limiting their autonomy and exposing them to potential accidents. Considering these factors, the objective was to develop a prototype that facilitates autonomous learning by utilizing different electronic components. The aim is to ensure the safe movement of blind pedestrians, promote self-reliance, and minimize the risk of accidents. The proposed prototype is based on the concept of implementing intelligent traffic lights that detect the presence of pedestrians, allowing for safe crossing for both pedestrians and vehicles. The proposed circuit utilizes two ESP32 modules. One module is placed in the traffic light and configured as a Bluetooth master to transmit signals. It is also equipped with an ultrasonic sensor. The other module is located in the user’s wristband and configured as a Bluetooth slave to receive signals. It is also equipped with a horn. The communication between the modules has been developed using the C programming language for microcontrollers in the Arduino IDE development environment. A master-slave communication system was implemented, resulting in the constant reporting of the distance between the pedestrian and the sidewalk within the pedestrian crossing by the ultrasonic sensor. This system controls the safe crossing by regulating the traffic lights. The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor can detect distances ranging from 2 cm to 450 cm. Therefore, the prototype can be used as a foundation for future advancements in various cities and contexts, ultimately benefiting blind pedestrians by improving their mobility.
Convolutional Neural Network for Segmentation and Classification of Glaucoma
Authors: Azeroual Amal , El Ouahabi Younes , Nsiri Benayad , Dakil Aymane , El Yousfi Alaoui Moulay Hachem , Soulaymani Abdelmajid , Benaji Brahim
Published: December 2023

Glaucoma is an eye disease that is caused by elevated intraocular pressure and commonly leads to optic nerve damage. Thanks to its vital role in transmitting visual signals from the eye to the brain, the optic nerve is essential for maintaining good and clear vision. Glaucoma is considered one of the leading causes of blindness. Accordingly, the earlier doctors can diagnose and detect the disease, the more feasible its treatment becomes. Aiming to facilitate this task, this study proposes a method for detecting diseases by analyzing images of the interior of the eye using a convolutional neural network. This method consists of segmentation based on a modified U-Net architecture and classification using the DenseNet-201 technique. The proposed model utilized the DRISHTI-GS and RIM-ONE datasets to evaluate glaucoma images. These datasets served as valuable sources of diverse and representative glaucoma-related images, enabling a thorough evaluation of the model’s performance. Finally, the results were highly promising after subjecting the model to a thorough evaluation process. The segmentation accuracy reached 96.65%, while the classification accuracy reached 96.90%. This means that the model excelled in accurately delineating and isolating the relevant regions of interest within the eye images, such as the optical disc and optical cup, which are crucial for diagnosing glaucoma.
Intercultural Education and ADHD: Τhe Use of Virtual Reality as a Means of Intervention and Assessment
Authors: Doulou Aikaterini , Drigas Athanasios , Skianis Charalampos
Published: December 2023

People are looking to the digital world for solutions to the challenges they face in their everyday lives, as technology continues to advance rapidly. People with impairments now have equal access to learning opportunities due to technological advancements. ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) has become more prevalent among children and teenagers from ethnic minorities in recent years. Due to challenges with cognitive and metacognitive functioning, this condition is associated with various learning and behavioral difficulties. People can only assimilate into the social environment once they have developed these functions. Children can learn alternative techniques to manage their cognitive deficiencies and adapt to various contexts by developing self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-control through internal attention. With the rapid advancement of research, numerous medical and psychological approaches have been developed for the treatment of ADHD, significantly assisting in the management of symptoms. The current study examines different therapeutic strategies aimed at improving the quality of life for children from racial and ethnic minorities who are affected by ADHD. These strategies include video games with virtual reality (VR) environments.
A Novel Technique for Brain Tumor Detection and Classification using T1-Weighted MR Image
Authors: S. Hanumanthappa , C. D. Guruprakash
Published: December 2023

Brain tumors are particularly perilous because they form when cells in the brain multiply uncontrollably within the skull. Therefore, a fast and accurate method of diagnosing tumors is crucial for the patient’s health. This study proposes a method for evaluating brain cancer images. The phases of implementation for the proposed work are as follows: In the first phase, we compiled a set of specialized feature vector descriptions for advanced classification tasks by employing both deep learning (DL) and conventional feature extraction techniques. In the second phase, we employ a proposed convolutional neural network (CNN) approach and a traditional subset of features from a genetic algorithm (GA) to select our deep features. The third phase involves using the fusion method to merge the prioritized features. Finally, determine whether the brain image is normal or abnormal. The results showed that the proposed method successfully classified objects accurately and revealed their robustness across different ages and acquisition protocols. According to the results, the classification accuracy of the support vector machines (SVM) classifier has significantly improved by combining conventional features and deep learning features (DLF), achieving an accuracy of up to 86.50% using the T1 weighted brain MR image.
“Home” away from home?
Authors: Ali-Oualla Myriame
Published: December 2023

In the late 1990s, Moroccan veterans in their 70s and 80s arrived in the city of Bordeaux, hoping to claim the retirement pensions that they were owed for serving in the French army. From then on, moving back and forth between Morocco and France, they entered a dynamic of “over-mobility.” In France, they experienced various forms of accommodation until they were housed in social residences. Using an approach drawn from Material Cultures studies, the investigation of their domestic space reveals divergent trends in their appropriation, manifested through three atmospheres linked to the temporary living conditions of these veterans. Despite their apparent detachment, they fulfil their need for “home” connections by cultivating a familiar atmosphere outside their host domestic space. Semi-directive interviews as well as in situ observations rendered through visual methods translate the particularities of the living conditions of Moroccan veterans in France and the spatial atmospheres resulting from their appropriations and uses.
Between liveability and accessibility in the Bois de la Cambre
Authors: Schio Nicola da , Pelgrims Claire , Vandenbroucke Anneloes , Cincinnato Sebastiano
Published: December 2023

Il s’agit d’étudier les tensions qui existent entre accessibilité géographique et habitabilité urbaine à Bruxelles, en examinant le cas du Bois de la Cambre en tant que lieu de loisir et de passage. Nous nous intéressons d’abord aux 150 ans d’histoire de ce parc, avant de présenter une enquête exploratoire sur les préférences de la population en ce qui concerne l’aménagement du parc eu égard à la circulation automobile. L’étude fait apparaître une étroite corrélation entre cet aménagement et le mode de vie de chacun. Au fil de son histoire, l’aménagement du parc s’est fait surtout en réponse à des changements sociétaux d’ordre général au niveau des modes d’organisation de la vie des populations, plutôt qu’à un projet urbain explicite. De nos jours, les priorités exprimées par différents groupes de population pour l’aménagement du parc sont fonction de leur lieu de résidence, de leur mode de déplacement, de leur utilisation des espaces verts et de leur accès à ces derniers. Dans ce contexte, l’étude met en évidence la nécessité d’œuvrer autant à la mise en place d’autres solutions de mobilité concrètes qu’à l’élaboration de nouveaux imaginaires pour la ville et la mobilité.