bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reframing the Language Classroom through Discovery-Based Frameworks
Authors: Hayashi Rabindra , Kim Minsook
Published: November 2024

The past four years have seen radical upheaval in language pedagogy due to restrictions imposed by the outbreak of COVID-19 and the advent of generative AI. Increasing evidence that remote learning options can be just as effective as in-person ones has additionally forced educators to re-evaluate and re-articulate the methods and purpose of in-person classroom instruction. This report suggests that a discovery-based framework can help transform classrooms into spaces in which students go beyond simple skill acquisition to become a community of learners through an increased focus on first-hand experiences. These experiences furthermore promote curiosity and ownership over projects in the target language, extending learning beyond the confines of the classroom. With discussion of a successful example conducted in Korean language classes, the article explores how discovery-based frameworks reinforce acquisition of the target language as a tool for cultivating students’ relationships with a broader community of speakers in a personally meaningful way. This report therefore underscores the efficacy, ethicality, and endurance of discovery-based frameworks in classroom instruction as a holistic pedagogical approach.
Increasing the Role of Local Communities in Protecting Turtles on Liukang Loe Tourist Island: Maritime Diplomacy Policy of the Local Government
Authors: Musdalifah Sri , Burhanuddin Agussalim , wati Seni
Published: November 2024

This research examines the role of local communities in tourism development and their involvement in economic cooperation on Liukang Loe Island, Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi. One example of the local community’s contribution is the management of a turtle hatchery as a tourist destination, which is entirely managed by the local community. Shows that support and active participation from local communities are crucial for enhancing the economy and ensuring tourism sustainability. Furthermore, this research highlights the international cooperation between Bulukumba Regency and Canada in spice production, demonstrating local community involvement in supporting economic development. This study uses a qualitative approach through interviews with several local community stakeholders. The findings show that local community involvement positively impacts community income and strengthens the region’s strategic role in the global economic cooperation network. These findings confirm that local community participation is essential in creating sustainable tourism and supporting regional economic development and international cooperation. On Liukang Loe Island, engagement in maritime diplomacy is still limited because the tourism development and the turtle hatchery still need to be connected to global networks. Indonesia’s maritime, as outlined in the Djuanda Declaration, emphasizes the importance of integrating maritime economic development and marine.
Assessing Employment Outcomes and Curriculum Relevance of BSIT Graduates Batch 2021: A Graduate Tracer Study at Nueva Ecija University of Science & Technology
Authors: Bensi Leonylyn P. , Bensi Michael E. , Alcantara Gloria M. , Pula Racquel L.
Published: November 2024

This research investigates the employment outcomes and curriculum relevance for graduates of the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) program under the College of Information and Communications Technology of Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology (NEUST). The researchers employed a cross-sectional survey method. One hundred five out of 134 (or 78.36%) graduates from batch 2021 participated in the study. The Graduate Tracer Study (GTS) survey instrument developed by the Commission on Higher Education explored various dimensions, including demographic profiles, current employment status, relevance of the curriculum to their first job, and competencies that were found helpful in their careers. The findings indicate that most graduates are employed, with 94.29% (or 99 out of 105) secure employment and 44.44% (or 44 out of 99) in regular or permanent positions. 61% (44 out of 72) perceive that the respondent’s first job is related to the program they graduated from. The 38.89% (28 out of 72) graduates took one to six months to land their first job. The BSIT curriculum is generally perceived as relevant, with 66.67% of the respondents declaring it relevant to their first job. Communication skills (91.67%) and problem-solving skills (93.06%) were the top competencies learned in college that the respondents found helpful in their first job. However, the study identifies areas for improvement, particularly in periodic curriculum reviews, to meet evolving industry demands. These insights are crucial for informing curriculum development and providing targeted support to future BSIT graduates, ultimately enhancing their employability and career success.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Logistics and Supply Chain in the USA – Focusing on Leading Industries in the 21st Century
Authors: Amponsah Benjamin Kwame , Asamoah Paul Boadu , Frimpong Manso
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence plays a crucial role in global supply chain management and logistics. It builds opportunities for cost reduction in purchase requirement planning, demand forecasting, sales/marketing, transportation, packaging, warehousing, inventory, production planning, finance, customer services, and information services. It also offers a competitive edge to the firms utilizing it. Artificial intelligence will likely make insightful decisions and improve efficiency via exceptional capabilities.

This research aims to highlight the contributions of AI to supply chain management and logistics by using a thorough literature review and systematic review of the current literature from the internet. This will focus on AI applications within top American industries, such as e-commerce, retail, pharmaceuticals, and automotive, by leveraging artificial intelligence tools such as machine learning, route optimization, predictive analytics, and robotics. This paper evaluates the benefits and challenges associated with artificial intelligence adoption, providing an extensive overview of how AI tools are rebuilding SCM performance while also spotlighting the challenges linked to implementation and data security. By supplementing the literature review with case studies and data analysis, this research highlights the pivotal role of AI in shaping the future of logistics and supply chain management in the 21st Century.

This research shows that although AI provides significant opportunities for innovation and growth, it presents damaging challenges; hence, strategic planning and investment are needed to overcome these intertwined challenges. This study also offers insight and recommendations for industry stakeholders and policymakers aiming to leverage the full potential of AI in logistics and supply chain management operations.
Correlation Between Christian Education and Sociology: Theoretical and Practical Perspective
Authors: Hura Rosnila
Published: November 2024

The perspective of conflict theory, Christian education is often seen as a means to strengthen and destroy the social power structure. From this perspective, it seems that Christian Education does not provide positive value and impact in the social structure. If it is studied that basically Christian Education, as an education system based on Christian teachings, seeks to develop individual character, morality, and personality based on the values of Christian faith. Meanwhile, sociology focuses on the study of society, social structure, and social interaction in the context of culture and values that exist in society. From these two things, researchers examine how the principles of Christian education can interact with basic concepts in sociology, such as social norms, values, and roles in society. From these two things, researchers formulate several questions, namely: What is the correlation of Christian Education with social? And how is Christian Education applied in social life? Therefore the purpose of this research is to analyze the correlation between Christian education and sociology, both from a theoretical and practical perspective and how Christian Education is applied in social life. The method used in this research is the study of literature and qualitative analysis, by identifying relevant sociological theories and how those theories are applied in the context of Christian education. This research is expected to provide a correct understanding for educators that Christian Education has a close relationship between Christian education and sociology in terms of individual social character formation, moral value development, and its contribution to positive social change.
Perception of Body Image and Eating Disorders among Malay College Female Athletes
Authors: Salleh Razali Mohamed , Rosli Nur Nayli Fatihah , Rum Ahmad Zaki Mohd
Published: November 2024

Body appearance always has a strong connection with eating disorders and an active lifestyle. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the relationship between BMI, eating disorders and the perception of body image among Malay college female athletes. One hundred and sixty respondents aged 18-22 voluntarily participated in the survey. The EAT-26 questionnaire determined eating disorders, while CDRS determined body image perception. A one-way ANOVA and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used to determine the difference and relationship between BMI, EAT-26 and CDRS scores. Findings show there were relationships between BMI categories, eating disorders and body image perceptions. BMI positively correlates with dieting, body weight, and eating behaviour but negatively correlates with perception of body image. Perception of body image showed an opposite relationship with eating disorders.
Gender Responsive Classroom Management to Prevent Bullying during Puberty in Elementary School Students
Authors: Fitrani Nurokhmah , Suryanti Suryanti , Widodo Wahono
Published: November 2024

This research aims to strive for gender-responsive classroom management in elementary schools so that it can minimize and prevent bullying among elementary school students. During puberty, sensitivity to gender, self-identity, and social pressure increases, and ignorance of sex education and the reproductive system makes students more vulnerable to bullying. This research uses the systematic literature review (SLR) method by collecting literature from scientific journals, books, and other sources. The results of this research are strengthened by students' knowledge about sexuality education and the reproductive system, thereby making students' attitudes able to accept differences and demonstrate behavior that supports gender equality. Based on this research, it was concluded that classroom management, which focuses on gender-responsive matters in facing puberty, has been proven to be able to minimize and prevent bullying in elementary school students. Gender-responsive classroom management has great potential to prevent bullying and create a safer and more inclusive learning environment for all students. The implications of this research cover various aspects, from curriculum development and teacher training to changes in social norms. By applying these research findings, we can create a generation of young people who are more equal, tolerant, and respectful of differences.
Assessment of the content of heavy metals in the soils of oilfield areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Biology of the National Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Garshin Mikhail , Suleymanov Ruslan ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Polyakova Natalia ,   LLC RN-BashNIPIneft
Published: November 2024

This article examines the problem of concomitant contamination of soils with heavy metals after long-standing oil spills in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The results of a study on changes in the gross content of heavy metals in different types of soils are presented. Studies have shown that among the studied gross forms of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni) in areas with long-standing oil spills there is no correlation with the content of petroleum products. The content of all forms of the studied metals did not exceed the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards and the geochemical background characteristic of the studied territory.

Keywords: HEAVY METALS, GRAY FOREST SOIL, TYPICAL CHERNOZEM, ALLUVIAL MEADOW SOILS, OIL POLLUTION
O CONSENTIMENTO DA VÍTIMA COMO CAUSA SUPRALEGAL DE EXCLUDENTE DE ILICITUDE NO CRIME DO ART 24-A DA LEI MARIA DA PENHA (Lei nº 11.340/2006)
Authors: Ferreira Alan Rodrigues , Silva Robson Gomes da , Rodrigues Gustavo Luís Mendes Tupinambá
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho analisa o consentimento da vítima como uma causa supralegal de exclusão de ilicitude no crime previso no art. 24-A da Lei Maria da Penha. Objetivando compreender a validade do consentimento da vítima para afastar o delito de descumprimento de medidas protetivas, considerando o bem jurídico tutelado e a autonomia da ofendida, bem como analisando os fundamentos jurídicos e os impactos sociais dessa perspectiva na aplicação da lei. Para tanto, utilizou-se do método dedutivo baseado em pesquisas bibliográficas. Por fim, conclui-se que o consentimento da vítima quando devidamente adequado e livre de eventuais coações pode ser um fator determinante para fins de que seja reconhecida a presente causa justificante.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE O COMPORTAMENTO ALIMENTAR EM INDIVÍDUOS COM TRANSTORNO DE ANSIEDADE
Authors: Melo Larissa de Souza , Lisboa Cinthia Soares , Xavier Crisia Cerqueira
Published: November 2024

O transtorno de ansiedade é conhecido como um distúrbio mental, caracterizado como uma reação emocional que pode está presente em diferentes situações em nosso dia a dia podendo apresentar variados sintomas. Por se tratar de uma certa combinação de vários fatores relacionados inclusive o comportamento alimentar, afeta milhões de pessoas em todo mundo.  O objetivo foi identificar os alimentos ricos em nutrientes que melhoram e controlam as crises de ansiedade como também enfatizar a qualidade e quantidade desses alimentos para o consumo, que promovam benefícios a saúde mental. A metodologia utilizada teve como base uma revisão bibliográfica descritiva. Foram coletados dados por meio de artigos disponíveis on-line em bases de dados como Scientific Eletrônic Library Online (SCIELO) e National Library of Medicine (PUBMED). Foi selecionado 9 artigos que abordaram o tema. Como critérios de inclusão foram considerado estudos realizados em adultos jovens com idade entre 19 a 59 anos apresentando relações específicas em seu comportamento alimentar através do transtorno de ansiedade. Através dos artigos embasados foram possível analisar a importância de alguns nutrientes específicos que melhoram o quadro, o consumo e suas implicações clínicas.  para o tratamento do transtornos de ansiedade.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: ENSINO CRÍTICO E PLATAFORMAS DIGITAIS
Authors: Lopes Ana Gleice Rocha , Gomes Antonio José Ferreira , Nunes Camila Almeida , Rodrigues Charllyngton Fábio da Silva , Moreno Danila Oliveira Silva , Pereira Melissa Cordeiro
Published: November 2024

Este estudo investigou como a formação crítica de professores pode ser integrada ao uso de plataformas digitais, visando promover práticas pedagógicas  reflexivas e participativas. O problema da pesquisa foi entender de que forma as tecnologias digitais podem ser utilizadas como ferramentas pedagógicas para o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico na formação docente. O objetivo geral foi analisar a relação entre a formação crítica de professores e o uso das plataformas digitais, destacando os desafios e as oportunidades dessa integração. A metodologia adotada foi uma revisão bibliográfica, na qual foram selecionadas fontes acadêmicas e teóricas relevantes para o tema. Os resultados indicaram que, apesar das oportunidades que as plataformas digitais oferecem, sua implementação enfrenta desafios,  relacionados à resistência dos docentes e à falta de formação contínua. A análise mostrou que as tecnologias podem ser poderosas aliadas na promoção de uma educação crítica, mas que o sucesso de sua utilização depende da formação adequada dos professores, que deve ser contínua e centrada na reflexão sobre as práticas pedagógicas. As considerações finais apontaram que a formação docente deve incluir o uso crítico das tecnologias, com ênfase na reflexão e participação ativa dos alunos. Além disso, sugeriu-se a necessidade de  estudos para ampliar a compreensão sobre a aplicação das plataformas digitais no ensino crítico.
EFICÁCIA DOS MÉTODOS DE PREVENÇÃO DE PARTO PREMATURO EM GESTANTES DE ALTO RISCO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Dimer Gabriela Hellinger , Pereira Deborah Kayanne Souza , Cardoso José Fernandes da Silva , Lopes Giovana Sardi de Freitas Alvarez , Patrick Layon Cézar , Dias Arthur Rickson Nunes , Silva Thiago Gonçalves Araújo e , Mota Breno de Oliveira , Silva Cibele Miranda , Lira Tamilis Fonteles
Published: November 2024

O parto prematuro (PP) é uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade neonatal, sendo frequentemente associado a complicações a longo prazo. Diversos métodos de prevenção têm sido propostos para reduzir a incidência de PP, especialmente em gestantes de alto risco. A presente revisão integrativa tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia dos métodos de prevenção em gestantes com fatores de risco identificados para o PP, incluindo a profilaxia com progesterona, cerclagem cervical, antibióticos, e intervenções relacionadas ao estilo de vida, como a modulação do estresse e a nutrição adequada. A análise de estudos clínicos e revisões sistemáticas revelou que a progesterona mostrou-se eficaz na redução da taxa de PP em mulheres com história de parto prematuro anterior e em gestantes com colo do útero encurtado. A cerclagem cervical demonstrou eficácia em gestantes com risco elevado devido à incompetência cervical. Além disso, intervenções para controle da infecção intrauterina e tratamentos hormonais também são abordadas, com variações na eficácia dependendo das características clínicas das gestantes. Conclui-se que a combinação de métodos, associada ao monitoramento constante, pode proporcionar uma abordagem mais eficaz na prevenção do PP, especialmente em gestantes de alto risco.
Wayang-Inspired Modern Character Design for Visual Communication
Authors: Nugroho Aris Sarwo , Widiastuti Santi
Published: November 2024

This research aims to develop a modern character design model based on traditional Javanese puppet figures (wayang), integrating cultural symbolism and contemporary design principles. The study explores how traditional elements, such as color, form, and symbolism in characters like Gatotkaca and Semar, can be adapted into modern, visually appealing designs suitable for today’s media platforms. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews with cultural experts, focus group discussions with graphic designers and young audiences, and surveys to evaluate prototype designs. The findings show that while modern visual elements, such as minimalism and vibrant colors, are highly favored by younger audiences, maintaining the cultural essence of traditional puppetry is crucial. The designs were generally well-received, though some aspects of cultural symbolism required clearer presentation to enhance audience understanding. The research provides practical insights for designers in the creative industry to incorporate traditional cultural elements into digital media, such as animations, video games, and branding campaigns. It also offers theoretical contributions by expanding the understanding of integrating cultural heritage into modern design processes. Future research could explore the application of these characters in interactive platforms such as augmented and virtual reality, as well as investigate more effective ways to present cultural symbolism for global audiences.
Designing User Experience for a Mobile Application for Agricultural Product Marketing Using the Human-Centered Design Method
Authors: Yunianto Irdha , Wahyudi Wiwid
Published: November 2024

This research explores the application of Human-Centered Design (HCD) in developing a mobile application for agricultural product marketing, aiming to address critical challenges faced by farmers, such as limited market access and inconsistent internet connectivity. By involving farmers and consumers in each stage of the design process, the application was iteratively improved based on user feedback. The study implemented low-fidelity and high-fidelity prototyping, with five iterations of user testing to enhance usability, navigation, and accessibility. Results show a significant increase in task success rates, user satisfaction, and application efficiency, mainly by including offline features for users in areas with poor internet infrastructure. The study also highlights the effectiveness of HCD in adapting technology to local conditions, offering a practical solution that supports the digital transformation of the agricultural sector, particularly in rural areas. This research contributes to the literature by demonstrating that HCD can be effectively used to develop user-friendly applications that meet the specific needs of the agricultural community
The Influence of Minimalist Design Elements on Visual Preferences of Generation Z: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Wibowo Mars Caroline , Zainudin Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Minimalist design has become a dominant trend across various visual media, from digital advertising to mobile applications. Generation Z, as digital natives with high exposure to visual content, exhibits unique preferences toward minimalist design. However, limited research has focused on identifying which elements of minimalist design most influence their visual preferences. This study aims to analyze the impact of key minimalist design elements—white space, simple typography, neutral colors, and layout—on the visual preferences of Generation Z. A quantitative approach was adopted using a survey-based methodology. The study involved 200 respondents from Generation Z in Indonesia, selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire employing a 5-point Likert scale to measure preferences for each minimalist design element. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis to identify the most influential elements. The findings reveal that white space is the most influential element for Generation Z, with an average score of 4.3 and a regression coefficient of 0.45 (p < 0.01). Neutral colors and simple typography also show significant impacts, with coefficients of 0.32 (p < 0.05) and 0.28 (p < 0.05), respectively. Conversely, layout demonstrated the least influence, with a coefficient of 0.15 (p > 0.05). These results confirm that Generation Z favors clean, simple, and focused designs that effectively use white space and calming color palettes. This study contributes to the graphic design literature by offering insights into the visual preferences of Generation Z. Practically, the findings provide actionable guidelines for graphic designers to create more effective digital campaigns targeting young audiences. Future research is recommended to explore cross-cultural variations in visual preferences and the role of specific media platforms in shaping these preferences.
Tintas e Cores do Imaginário
Authors: Paz Daniel J. Mellado
Published: November 2024

O artigo apresenta a abordagem do escritor e cientista social Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) a respeito do imaginário em torno da casa, tema central em sua obra. O imaginário, dimensão essencial da existência humana, na obra freyreana é estudada a partir de três instâncias. A primeira, dos recursos empregados para proteção da casa e da família: a profilaxia, os rituais, o papel da fauna e da flora, os talismãs e recursos mágicos, assim como os santos. A outra instância é a da família ampliada para abrigar parentes invisíveis, como os santos e os mortos, e a presença de assombrações. Por último, do que chamamos de ecologia fantástica, que envolve os significados conferidos à flora e fauna, os augúrios que estes traziam e aquelas criaturas sobrenaturais dos pesadelos.
Analysis of the day-to-day variability of ozone vertical profiles in the lower troposphere during the 2022 Paris ACROSS campaign
Authors: Ancellet Gérard , Viatte Camille , Boynard Anne , Ravetta François , Pelon Jacques , Cailteau-Fischbach Cristelle , Genau Pascal , Capo Julie , Roy Axel , Nédélec Philippe
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The variability of ozone vertical profiles in the Paris area is analyzed using 21 d of lidar monitoring of the lower-troposphere ozone vertical profiles and planetary boundary layer (PBL) vertical structure evolution in summer 2022. Characterization of the pollution regional transport is based on daily ozone analysis of the Copernicus Atmospheric Service (CAMS) ensemble model and on backward trajectories. The CAMS simulations of the ozone plume between the surface and 3 km are consistent with the ozone measurements. Comparisons with the tropospheric ozone column retrieved by satellite observations of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) show that IASI observations can capture the day-to-day variability of the 0–3 km ozone column only when the maximum altitude of the ozone plume is higher than 2 km. The lidar ozone vertical structure above the city center is also in good agreement with the PBL growth during the day and with the formation of the residual layer during the night. The analysis of four ozone pollution events shows that the thickness of the PBL during the day and the advection of regional-scale plumes above the PBL can significantly change the ozone concentrations above Paris. Advection of ozone-poor concentrations in the free troposphere during a Saharan dust event is able to mitigate ozone photochemical production. On the other hand, the advection of a pollution plume from continental Europe with high ozone concentrations > 140 µg m−3 maintained high concentrations in the surface layer despite a temperature decrease and cloud cover development.
Technical note: High-resolution analyses of concentrations and sizes of refractory black carbon particles deposited in northwestern Greenland over the past 350 years – Part 1: Continuous flow analysis of the SIGMA-D ice core using the wide-range Single-Particle Soot Photometer and a high-efficiency nebulizer
Authors: Goto-Azuma Kumiko , Dallmayr Remi , Ogawa-Tsukagawa Yoshimi , Moteki Nobuhiro , Mori Tatsuhiro , Ohata Sho , Kondo Yutaka , Koike Makoto , Hirabayashi Motohiro , Ogata Jun , Kitamura Kyotaro , Kawamura Kenji , Fujita Koji , Matoba Sumito , Nagatsuka Naoko , Tsushima Akane , Fukuda Kaori , Aoki Teruo
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Ice cores can provide long-term records of refractory black carbon (rBC), an important aerosol species closely linked to the climate and environment. However, previous studies of ice cores only analyzed rBC particles with a diameter of < 500 nm, which could have led to an underestimation of rBC mass concentrations. Information on the size distribution of rBC particles is very limited, and there are no Arctic ice core records of the temporal variation in rBC size distribution. In this study, we applied a recently developed improved technique to analyze the rBC concentration in an ice core drilled at the SIGMA-D site in northwestern Greenland. The improved technique, which uses the modified Single-Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) and a high-efficiency nebulizer, widens the measurable range of rBC particle size. For high-resolution continuous analyses of ice cores, we developed a continuous flow analysis (CFA) system. Coupling of the improved rBC measurement technique with the CFA system allows accurate high-resolution measurements of the size distribution and concentration of rBC particles with a diameter between 70 nm and 4 µm, with minimal particle losses. Using this technique, we reconstructed the size distributions and the number and mass concentrations of rBC particles during the past 350 years. On the basis of the size distributions, we assessed the underestimation of rBC mass concentrations measured using the conventional SP2s. For the period 2003–2013, the underestimation of the average mass concentration would have been 12 %–31 % for the SIGMA-D core.
Similar freezing spectra of particles in plant canopies and in the air at a high-altitude site
Authors: Einbock Annika , Conen Franz
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Plant canopies are an important source of biological particles aerosolized into the atmosphere. Certain aerosolized microorganisms are able to freeze slightly supercooled cloud droplets and therefore affect mixed-phase cloud development. Still, spatiotemporal variability of such biological ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is currently poorly understood. Here, we study this variability between late summer and leaf shedding on the scale of individual leaves collected about fortnightly from four temperate broadleaf tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Juglans regia, Prunus avium and Tilia platyphyllos) on a hillside (Gempen, 650 m a.s.l. (metres above sea level)) and in a vertical canopy profile of one Fagus sylvatica (Hölstein, 550 m a.s.l.) in north-western Switzerland. The cumulative concentration of INPs active at ≥-10 °C (INPs−10) did not vary significantly between the investigated tree species but, as inferred from leaf mass per area and leaf carbon isotopic ratios, seemed to be lower on sun leaves as compared with shade leaves. Between August and mid-November, the median INP concentration increased from 4 to 38 INP−10 cm−2 of leaf area and was positively correlated with mean relative humidity throughout 24 h prior to sampling (Spearman's r=0.52, p<0.0001, n=64). In 53 of the total 64 samples collected at the Gempen site, differential INP spectra between −3 and −10 °C exhibited clearly discriminable patterns: in 53 % of the spectra, the number of additionally activated INPs increased persistently with each 1 °C decrease in temperature; the remaining spectra displayed significant peaks in differential INP concentration above −9 °C, most frequently in the temperature interval between −8 and −9 °C (21 %) and between −7 and −8 °C (17 %). Interestingly, the three most frequent patterns in differential INP spectra on leaves in Gempen were also prevalent in similar fractions in air samples with clearly discriminable patterns at the high-altitude Jungfraujoch site (3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland) collected during summer in the previous year. These findings corroborate the idea that a large fraction of the airborne biological INP population above the Alps during summer originates from plant surfaces. Which parameter or set of parameters could affect biological INP populations on both scales – upwind airsheds of high-altitude sites as well as individual leaves – is an intriguing question for further exploration. A first guess is that leaf wetness duration plays a role.
GraphFlood 1.0: an efficient algorithm to approximate 2D hydrodynamics for landscape evolution models
Authors: Gailleton Boris , Steer Philippe , Davy Philippe , Schwanghart Wolfgang , Bernard Thomas
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Computing hydrological fluxes at the Earth's surface is crucial for landscape evolution models, topographic analysis, and geographic information systems. However, existing formalisms, like single or multiple flow algorithms, often rely on ad hoc rules based on local topographic slope and drainage area, neglecting the physics of water flow. While more physics-oriented solutions offer accuracy (e.g. shallow-water equations), their computational costs limit their use in terms of spatial and temporal scales. In this contribution, we introduce GraphFlood, a novel and efficient iterative method for computing river depth and water discharge in 2D with a digital elevation model (DEM). Leveraging the directed acyclic graph structure of surface water flow, GraphFlood iteratively solves the 2D shallow-water equations. This algorithm aims to find the correct hydraulic surface by balancing discharge input and output over the topography. At each iteration, we employ fast-graph-theory algorithms to calculate flow accumulation on the hydraulic surface, approximating discharge input. Discharge output is then computed using the Manning flow resistance equation, similar to the River.lab model (Davy and Lague, 2009). The divergence of discharges iteratively increments flow depth until reaching a stationary state. This algorithm can also solve for flood wave propagation by approximating the input discharge function of the immediate upstream neighbours. We validate water depths obtained with the stationary solution against analytical solutions for rectangular channels and the River.lab and CAESAR-Lisflood models for natural DEMs. GraphFlood demonstrates significant computational advantages over previous hydrodynamic models, an with approximately 10-fold speed-up compared to the River.lab model (Davy and Lague, 2009). Additionally, its computational time scales slightly more than linearly with the number of cells, making it suitable for large DEMs exceeding 106–108 cells. We demonstrate the versatility of GraphFlood by integrating realistic hydrology into various topographic and morphometric analyses, including channel width measurement, inundation pattern delineation, floodplain delineation, and the classification of hillslope, colluvial, and fluvial domains. Furthermore, we discuss its integration potential in landscape evolution models, highlighting its simplicity of implementation and computational efficiency.
Assessing supraglacial lake depth using ICESat-2, Sentinel-2, TanDEM-X, and in situ sonar measurements over Northeast and Southwest Greenland
Authors: Lutz Katrina , Bever Lily , Sommer Christian , Seehaus Thorsten , Humbert Angelika , Scheinert Mirko , Braun Matthias
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Supraglacial lake development in Greenland consists of intricate hydrological processes, contributing not only to surface mass loss but also to a lowering of the surface albedo and changes in ice dynamics. While the estimation of lake area has recently improved, the determination of the lake volume is essential to properly estimate the amount of water contained in and lost from supraglacial lakes throughout the melt seasons. In this study, four supraglacial lake depth estimation methods, including two new empirical approaches, are presented and compared. The empirical methods were developed to relate Sentinel-2 reflectance values to supraglacial lake depth obtained from (1) ICESat-2 (Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite 2) crossings over 19 lakes in Northeast and Southwest Greenland and (2) in situ sonar tracks from four lakes on Zachariae Isstrom (Zachariæ Isstrøm) in Northeast Greenland. The depths from both equations were independently correlated to their corresponding Sentinel-2 reflectance values to create empirical relations. The third method is a standardly used radiative transfer model also based on Sentinel-2 data. Finally, the depths for five lakes in Northeast Greenland were derived from TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement) digital elevation models after lake drainage. All four methods were applied to the five lakes for which digital elevation models were procured, allowing for a direct comparison of the methods. In general, the sonar-based empirical equation aligned best with the estimates from the digital elevation model until its saturation point of 8.6 m. Through the evaluation of the ICESat-2-based equation, a strong influence of lake bed sediment on depth estimation could be seen. The ICESat-2 empirically derived depth equation produced slightly deeper depths than the sonar-based equation. The radiative transfer model more strongly overestimated nearly all depths below its saturation point of 16.3 m, when compared to the digital elevation model results. This large overestimation can be primarily attributed to the sensitivity of this method's parameters. Furthermore, all methods, with the exception of the digital elevation model, were applied to an area in Northeast Greenland on the peak melt dates for the years 2016–2022 to explore lake volume interannual variability. Finally, a closer examination of the uncertainties for each method provides insight into associated errors and limitations when considering which method to use for supraglacial lake depth estimation. Overall, empirically derived equations are shown to be capable of simplifying supraglacial lake depth calculations while also retaining sufficient accuracy under low-sediment, floating-ice-free, and atmospherically clear conditions.
A dynamic open-source model to investigate wake dynamics in response to wind farm flow control strategies
Authors: Becker Marcus , Lejeune Maxime , Chatelain Philippe , Allaerts Dries , Mudafort Rafael , van Wingerden Jan-Willem
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Wind Farm Flow Control (WFFC) is the discipline of manipulating the flow between wind turbines to achieve a farm-wide goal, like power tracking, load mitigation, or power maximization. Specifically, steady-state control approaches have shown promising results in both theory and practice for power maximization. But how are they expected to perform in a dynamically changing environment? This paper presents an open-source wake modeling framework called OFF. It allows the approximation of the performance of WFFC strategies in response to environmental changes at a low computational cost. It is rooted in previously published dynamic parametric engineering models and offers a flexible and adaptable platform to explore these models further. The presented study tests the modeling framework by investigating the performance of different wake steering controllers in a 10-turbine wind farm case study based on a subset of the Dutch wind farm Hollandse Kust Noord (HKN). The case study uses a 24-hour wind direction time series based on field data and verifies subsets of the time series in LES. The results highlight how dependent yaw travel is on the controller settings and suggest where users can strike a balance between power gains and actuator usage. They also show the structural differences and similarities between steady-state and dynamic engineering models. The comparison to LES shows what time scales the surrogate models cover and how accurately. While steady-state models capture turbine power signal dynamics up to ≈ 1/570 Hz, the dynamic wake description can predict dynamics up to ≈ 1/360 Hz with a better correlation and normalized root-mean-square-error. Further results show that the dynamic wake description is mainly advantageous over steady-state wake models for shorter periods (< 20 min). The paper also opens up the discussion about the effectiveness of wind farm flow control in a time-marching manner as opposed to a steady-state viewpoint.
Identification of Natural and Anthropogenic Hazards within Mid-Atlantic Bight For The Purpose of Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation Recommendations
Authors: Christoph Ophelia Persephone , Madsen John
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The development of offshore wind energy in the Mid-Atlantic Bight is significantly influenced by the complex interplay of seabed topography, sediment characteristics, and human-made hazards. Utilizing seismic profiles and existing geological studies, this paper investigates the unique geological features and sediment types present in the region. These features include paleochannels, sand ridges, and varying sediment compositions, all of which have critical implications for the siting and emplacement of wind turbine foundations. The documented sediment types range from fine clays to coarser sands. Specific attention is given to glauconite sands in this research due to the unique challenges of their thixotropic behavior and potential to compromise pile capacity during installation. In addition to natural geological factors, human-made hazards—including unexploded ordnances (UXOs), shipwrecks, and artificial reefs, are barriers to offshore wind development. The presence of these hazards necessitates careful planning and may limit available space for turbine placement. Our findings emphasize the need for enhanced geotechnical assessments and innovative foundation solutions tailored to the unique characteristics of the seabed. Regulatory frameworks that adapt to evolving understandings of seabed conditions and hazard mitigation strategies are needed to ensure the safe and efficient installation of offshore wind turbines. Ultimately, a comprehensive understanding of both natural and human-made hazards is crucial for the successful development of offshore wind projects in the Mid-Atlantic Bight to balance the economic and energy benefits against the complexities of the marine environment.
Incorporating mean-field velocity difference in a continuum macroscopic traffic flow model for adverse road conditions
Authors: Fosu Gabriel Obed , Anokye Dickson , Adu-Sackey Albert , Owusu Bright Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

In developing countries, the quality of driving infrastructure, specifically road conditions, is often suboptimal, presenting challenges and limitations for motorists. However, current traffic flow models have limitations in addressing problems caused by poor road networks. To address this issue, a new macroscopic traffic flow model has been proposed in this study that considers mean-field velocity differences on roads with suboptimal conditions. A thorough model derivation of this new macroscopic traffic flow model is presented. The study establishes crucial stability conditions, providing profound insights into traffic dynamics across diverse scenarios. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the model's ability to capture shock waves, rarefaction waves, and local cluster effects. The study results offer new insights into traffic dynamics in adverse road conditions and enforce the need to enhance road infrastructure to alleviate congestion and enhance road safety.
Creating a Sustainable Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Through Innovation in Education
Authors: Herlina Herlina , Wahira Wahira
Published: November 2024

People increasingly recognize entrepreneurship as a critical strategy for driving economic growth, reducing unemployment, and fostering innovation across sectors. However, entrepreneurship's sustainability relies heavily on supporting a robust ecosystem, with education serving as its foundation. Innovations in education, such as project-based learning (PBL), business simulations, and collaborations between educational institutions, industry, and government, are essential for shaping resilient, innovative, and sustainable entrepreneurs. Research has demonstrated that ecosystem-based entrepreneurship education enhances critical thinking skills, creativity, adaptability, and entrepreneurial readiness to tackle global challenges. Multi-stakeholder collaborations between education, industry, and government strengthen this ecosystem by providing resources, networks, and knowledge that support business sustainability. Additionally, challenge-based learning approaches such as Challenge-Based Learning (CBL) and the integration of business simulations effectively increase entrepreneurial confidence and learning performance through real-world experiences. This strategy has the potential to significantly and sustainably influence economic development through the ecosystem of entrepreneurship education. This study takes a qualitative approach, analyzing books, policy papers, case studies, and scientific articles on entrepreneurship education from different higher education institutions using a literature review method. We perform the analysis using a descriptive methodology to find trends, themes, and successful tactics in entrepreneurship education. Building a healthy entrepreneurial ecosystem requires innovation in entrepreneurship education. Approaches such as project-based learning and business simulations provide students with relevant practical experiences, helping them develop skills such as decision-making, risk management, and innovation needed to navigate the dynamics of modern business. Furthermore, collaboration between the education sector, industry, and government is critical in creating an ecosystem that supports innovative and resilient entrepreneurs. Studies show that innovation-based education, supported by multi-stakeholder collaboration, improves students' readiness for business challenges and contributes to sustainable economic and social growth.
On the Need to Improve the Environmental Friendliness of Economic Development in Kazakhstan
Authors:   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», OMAROVA Balnur , BIRYUKOV Valery ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University»
Published: November 2024

The problems of environmental development of the economy of the Republic of
Kazakhstan are considered. The purpose of the study is to consider the results of the impact
of economic activity on the ecological state of the natural environment. Methods of research
– theoretical analysis, statistical analysis, logical method. Data on the main emissions of
harmful substances, the structure of total expenditures on environmental protection activities,
data on the neutralized polluting elements are given. The directions of ecologically sustainable
development are suggested.
Studying the Main Issues of State Regulation of Railway Transport
Authors:   NPJSC «Al-Farabi Kazakh National University», IZTELEUOVA Zhuldyz , KUNANBAYEVA Duissekul ,   NPJSC «Al-Farabi Kazakh National University»
Published: November 2024

The railway industry is one of the most important links of the production infrastructure
of Kazakhstan. The country has no direct access to the sea. It is also characterized
by the absence of navigable rivers. In this regard, as well as due to the low development of
road transport, railway transport has to solve important tasks in the economic sphere of the
whole country. This article assessed the development of the railway industry in Kazakhstan.
With the analysis of statistical data, the level of development and country regulation of the
railway industry in Kazakhstan was analyzed. The theoretical and practical significance of the
article lies in the fact that the rules and conclusions contained in the work clarify the ideas that
have developed in the economic literature about the role and importance of the management
and development of railway transport in the country. The purpose of the article is to develop
theoretical and practical recommendations on improving the use of the development potential
of the railway sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan, studying regulatory measures by the
country and determining their development prospects. The meaning of specific indicators is
disclosed and what is included in them is described. An analysis was also carried out in the
field of transport in the country, including investments directed to rail transport, the duration
of the use of railways and freight traffic, and the impact of Kazakhstan's transport logistics on
gross domestic product. To achieve this goal, theoretical research methods were used in the
work: analysis to identify the theoretical patterns of the concept and determine the topics of
discussion, synthesis – to determine the main points and sequence of ongoing changes and
additions, generalization – to formulate conclusions and results. On the basis of a multifactorial
mathematical model, it was possible to determine the acting factors. Correlation analysis
was used as a statistical method of analysis in the article.