bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MESSIANISMO E CULTURA DE BEM-ESTAR SOCIAL NAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS: poder, violência e políticas públicas na construção da identidade onusiana
Authors: Silveira Elisabete Cristina Cruvello da
Published: September 2016

O artigo discute as afinidades e ambiguidades entre messianismo e cultura de bem-estar social no espaço das Nações Unidas, em torno da seguinte questão: como poder, violência e políticas públicas conformam-se concretamente em seu espaço,manifestando-se em sua identidade? Sistematiza a discussão em dois eixos articulados: identidade emblemática onusiana econjuntura internacional do passado e do presente. Aponta analistas das Relações Internacionais que contribuíram para a interpretação histórica, como Bauman, Moniz Bandeira, Fonseca Júnior, Garcia, Bertrand e Senarclens. Verifica que as Nações Unidas abarcam uma dialética de identidades, dependendo da lente adotada pelo analista para sua interpretação e do tipo de serviço que presta aos Estados Membros. Conclui que poder, violência e políticas públicas configuram-se no bojo das Nações Unidas, como instituiçãovoltada para a disseminação do ideário messiânico e de cultura de bem- estar social.Palavras-chave: Messianismo, cultura de bem estar social, Nações Unidas, políticas públicas.MESSIANISM AND CULTURE OF SOCIAL WELFARE IN THE UNITED NATIONS: power, violence and public policies in the construction of onusiana identityAbstract: The article aims to discuss the affinities and ambiguities between messianism and welfare culture within the United Nations,around the following question: how power, violence and public policies conform specifically in their space, manifesting itself in itsidentity? The discussion is systematized in two articulated axes: Brazilian flagship identity and the international conjuncture of the pastand present. Points out International Relations Analysts, that contributed to the historical interpretation, as Bauman, Moniz Bandeira,Fonseca Júnior, Garcia, Bertrand and Senarclens. It verifies that the United Nations cover a dialectic of identities, depending on thelens adopted by an analyst for its interpretation and the type of service it provides to Member States. It concludes that, power, violence and public policies configure the bulge of the United Nations as an institution dedicated to the dissemination of the Messianic ideals and culture of social welfare.Key words: Messianism, culture of social welfare, United Nations, public policies.
PODER, VIOLÊNCIAS E POLÍTICA NO CAMPO DA SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Bonamigo Irme Salete , Chaves Luiz Carlos
Published: September 2016

O presente ensaio aborda o tema poder, violência e política no campo da segurança pública, tomando como fios condutores cenas do cotidiano de uma cidade média de Santa Catarina e o percurso histórico das políticas de segurança pública para compreender a lógica que permeia as atuais políticas, nossas relações diárias com essas políticas e seus efeitos em nossas vidas. Analisa que nossos medos e inseguranças ligados ao mundo contemporâneo, às práticas violentas atuais e sua espetacularização, provocam e fortalecem a suspeição dos estranhos, corporificados nos pobres, negros e bandidos, representantes do perigo, abrindo brechas para demandas de policialização da segurança pública. Ressalta que a política da segurança pública, desde sua gênese, constituiuma ótica militarista, fazendo uso da violência como estratégia de controle. Conclui que, mesmo com os esforços governamentais daúltima década em introduzir conteúdos de direitos humanos na formação técnica, o campo ainda mantém a lógica tradicional de uso de violência institucional.Palavras-chave: Segurança pública, violência, poder.POWER, VIOLENCE, AND POLITICS IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC SAFETYAbstract: This essay addresses the power, violence, and politics topic in the field of public safety, taking as conductors cables some everyday scenes of an average city of Santa Catarina and the historical background of public security policies to understand the reason behind the current policies, our daily relations with these policies and their effects on our lives. We had analyzed that our fears and insecurities related to the contemporary world, the current violent practices and their spectacularization, provoke and strengthen the suspicion of strangers, embodied in the poor, blacks and outlaw, representatives of danger, opening it to policialization demands ofpublic safety. The politics of public safety, since its genesis, are a militarist perspective, using violence as a strategy control. Even with government efforts in the last decade to introduce contents of human rights in technical training, the field still maintains the traditional logic of use of institutional violence.Key words: Public safety, violence, power.
A VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A PESSOA IDOSA ENTREVISTA ESPECIAL COM VICENTE DE PAULA FALEIROS
Authors: Serra Jacira Do Nascimento
Published: September 2016

Em resposta ao honroso chamado queme foi feito para entrevistar um pesquisador que enriquecesse o volume 18, n.2 da Revista de Políticas Públicas (RPP) do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (PPGPP/UFMA), cujo Dossiê Temático é Poder, Violência e Políticas Públicas na Sociedade Contemporânea, e considerando minha área de pesquisa no campo da Violência contra a Pessoa Idosa, não tive dúvida em convidar um professor que,além de militante dos direitos humanos há diversos anos, vem fazendo amplo e sistemático trabalho de investigação nessa área – Prof. Dr. Vicente de Paula Faleiros. Pela sua militância na área, pelos trabalhos e livros publicados relacionados à temática, foi com muita satisfação que recebi seu aval para realizar a entrevista.
O CICLO MINERAL E A URGÊNCIA DE POLÍTICAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL: o caso do município de Parauapebas no sudeste do Estado do Pará
Authors: Trindade José Raimundo Barreto , Oliveira Wesley Pereira de , Borges Gedson Thiago Do Nascimento
Published: September 2016

Este artigo analisa o caso do município de Parauapebas no estado do Pará, porém sem descurar do seu entorno, centrado nas condições de desenvolvimento econômico do espaço territorial e as contradições sociais estabelecidas. O objetivo do artigo é lançar luz sobre as contradições do acelerado processo de crescimento econômico e demográfico decorrente do ciclo de acumulaçãomineral e as necessárias condições de estabelecimento de políticas locais que ensejem uma dinâmica de desenvolvimento distinta da atual base de exploração mineral. Primeiramente aborda a expansão demográfica e a acelerada urbanização; a seção seguinte trata especificamente dos aspectos de empregabilidade e os impactos da mineração sobre o mercado de trabalho; a terceira seção analisa o ciclo extrativista mineral e suas limitações; a quarta seção trata das repercussões sobre a renda local e o produto interno bruto; finalmente, na última seção, trata especificamente das políticas de desenvolvimento local, tendo a tese central de que é necessário desde já preparar a economia local para uma possível transição do ciclo mineral.Palavras-chave: Parauapebas, mineração, desenvolvimento local.THE MINERAL CYCLE AND THE URGENCY OF LOCAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: the case of the city of Paraupebas in the southeast of the state of ParáAbstract: This article analyzes the case of the municipality of Parauapebas in Para State, but without neglecting its surroundings,focusing on the conditions of economic development of territorial space and social contradictions established. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the contradictions of the accelerated economic and demographic growth due to the cycle of accumulationand mineral necessary conditions for the establishment of local political dynamics that cause development distinct from the currentbase of mineral exploration. The article is divided into five parts. In the first section we discuss the demographic expansion and rapid urbanization, the second section deals specifically with the issues of employability and the impacts of mining on the labor market,the third section is intended to analyze the mineral extractive cycle and its limitations, the fourth section deals with the impact on local income and gross domestic product, and finally, in the fifth section, it is specifically the local development policies, much as propositions and having the central thesis that is needed now to prepare the local economy for a possible transition of the mineral cycle,including seeking to use the current momentum to structure a sustainable pattern of production bases in endogenous development.Key words: Parauapebas, mining, local development.
IN SEARCH OF A THEORY FOR SUPPORTING RESISTANCE TO PREDATORY NEOLIBERALISM IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Saha Suranjit Kumar
Published: September 2016

This text deals with the search of fundamentals to the south-south research about the key-problems of the emerging configurations of a new and multipolar world order. Highlights two main questions: if the neoliberal orthodox in its various forms is to be effectively challenged and if the predatory policies resulting from it should be reverted. It starts ofthe perspective that is necessary an alternative paradigm of development, clearly enounced, which reinforces the national identity in Latin America, India and the rest of the world in development. Such paradigm should favour the construction of mix and inclusives cultures able to create the sense of solidarity among great masses located in extensive areas with the objective to unblock, free and mobilize resistance against the predatory neoliberalism in the 21st centuryKeywords: Neoliberalismo, resistance, national identityEM BUSCA DE UMA TEORIA PARA AJUDAR A RESISTÊNCIA AO NEOLIBERALISMO PREDATÓRIO NO SÉCULO XXIResumo: O texto trata da busca de fundamentos para a pesquisa sul-sul sobre os problemas- chave das configurações emergentes de uma nova e multipolar ordem mundial. Destaca duas questões centrais : se o neoliberal ortodoxo em suas formas variadas é para ser efetivamente desafiado e se as políticas predatórias daí resultantes devem ser revertidas. Parte da perspectiva de que é necessário um paradigma alternativo de desenvolvimento, claramente enunciado, que reforce aidentidade nacional na América Latina, Índia e o resto do mundo em desenvolvimento. Tal paradigma deve favorecer a construção de culturas mistas e inclusivas capazes de criar senso de solidariedade entre grandes massas situadas em extensas áreas com vista a desbloquear, libertar e mobilizar resistência contra o neoliberalismo predatório no século XXIPalavras-chave: Neoliberalismo, resistência, identidade nacional
A MUDANÇA NA SITUAÇÃO POLÍTICA DO PAÍS E O RECRUDESCIMENTO DAS LUTAS SOCIAIS
Authors: Almeida José Maria
Published: September 2016

O texto trata das mobilizações multitudinárias vividas em junho e julho de 2013 no Brasil. Compreende-as como expressão espontânea da revolta de jovens e trabalhadores contra “tudo que está aí”. Enfatiza que tais mobilizações conseguiram derrotar (politicamente) a repressão e acuar o governo, gerando uma mudança na relação de forças na sociedade.Palavras-chave: Lutas sociais, organização, trabalhadores, governo.THE CHANGE IN POLITICAL SITUATION OF BRAZIL AND THE RECRUDESCENCE OF THE SOCIAL STRUGGLESAbstract: The paper addresses the multitudinous mobilizations experienced in June and July 2013 in Brazil. Understood as spontaneous expression of the revolt of youth and workers against "all that is there." Emphasizes that such mobilizations managed to defeat (politically) the repression and corral the government, causing a change in the balance of powers in society.Keywords: Social struggles, organization, workers, government.
POR UMA CONCEPÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA DE GOVERNANÇA PARA A ESFERA PÚBLICA
Authors: Cozzolino Luiz Felipe Freire , Irving Marta de Azevedo
Published: September 2016

Resumo: O artigo busca discutir a concepção de governança em sua aplicação à gestão pública, tendo os conselhos como foco central de reflexão. Nesse intuito, parte da análise bibliográfica e documental para a contextualização teórica do tema, em sua aplicação ao caso brasileiro. No caso dos conselhos brasileiros, foco da presente análise, a concepção democrático-participativa de governança pareceu ser aquela que melhor contempla o compromisso com as dimensões de controle social e accountability, envolvidas nos processos de gestão pública.Palavras-chave: Governança na esfera pública, gestão participativa, participação social.FOR A DEMOCRATIC CONCEPTION OF GOVERNANCE TO THE PUBLIC SPHEREAbstract: This article is meant to discuss the concept of governance, in its application to public management, taking the case of the Brazilian Councils as the central focus of reflection. With this aim, it starts with a bibliographic and documentary analysis, for theoretical contextualization of the theme, on its application to the Brazilian case. The analysis points out that, in the case of the Brazilian Councils, focus of this analysis, the democratic-participatory conception of governance seems to be the one that better covers the commitment to social control and accountability dimensions, involved in public management processes.Key words: Governance on public sphere, participatory management, social participation.
AVALIAÇÃO DO MARCO REGULATÓRIO NA PRODUÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS FITOTERÁPICOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Brito Sônia Cristina Dantas de , Rodrigues Waldecy
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Para analisar a legislação para fitoterápicos no Brasil e as mudanças propostas com o Projeto de Lei n.o 3381/2004, que tenta modernizá-la, foi utilizado o Delphi Eletrônico, que busca o consenso de opiniões entre especialistas na área. Assim, foram aplicados 100 questionários e, a partir dos resultados, foi possível constatar que a atual legislação é uma das maiores barreiras do setor, devido às exigências e altos custos com pesquisas, assim como a falta de estudo sobre as plantas nativas, o que privilegia a entrada de plantas exóticas no país. A falta de informação, descrédito e desconfiança dos profissionais prescritores, também, têm prejudicado o setor. A pesquisa conclui, portanto, que se o Projeto de Lei for aprovado, trará mudanças positivas como: influência no comportamento das indústrias brasileiras, aumentando sua produção; alteração na localização geográfica das indústrias deste setor, causando a descentralização; aumento na utilização de plantas nativas que, consequentemente, ocasionará a diminuição nos níveis de importação.Palavras-chave: Plantas Medicinais, fitoterápicos, legislação.EVALUATION OF THE REGULATORY MARK IN THE PRODUCTION OF PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC MEDICINES IN BRAZILAbstract: To analyze the legislation of phytotherapeutic in Brazil and the changes proposed by the Law Project 3381/2004, that tempts to modernize it, was utilized the Electronic Delphi, that looks for opinion consensus among specialists of the area. Therefore, one hundred questionnaires were applied and the results discovered that the current legislation is one of the biggest limits to the production chain, due to the exigencies and high costs with researches, as well as the lack of study about native herbs, that makes easier the entrance of exotic plants in the country. The lack of information, discredit and suspicion of the prescriber professionals, also, have prejudiced of the area. Concludes that if the Law Project comes to be approved, it will bring positive changes like: influence in the behavior of Brazilian industries, increasing its production; change of geographical place of the industries of this sector, causing decentralization; improve the use of native herbs that, consequently will cause a decrease in the importation levels.Key words: Medicinal plants, phytotherapeutics, legislation.
ESTUDO SOBRE A DESIGUALDADE DE RENDA E SEUS DETERMINANTES NO BRASIL
Authors: Araújo Jair Andrade de , Marinho Emerson
Published: September 2016

A partir de dados em painel dos estados brasileiros no período 1996-2009, o artigo faz uma análise sobre as contribuições de diferentes determinantes para a redução da desigualdade dos rendimentos no Brasil, com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). Com este objetivo, especifica um modelo econométrico dinâmico que é estimado pelo Método dos Momentos Generalizado-sistema (MMG-sistema). Os resultados estimados do modelo permitem concluir que as transferências de renda do governo não afetaram a dinâmica da desigualdade de renda no período. Em relação aos outros determinantes, aponta que a educação foi quem mais contribuiu para a redução da desigualdade de renda. Por fim, considera que o produto interno bruto e a variável carga tributária do governo contribuíram, também, para a desigualdade de renda no país.Palavras-chaves: Desigualdade, renda, painel dinâmico.STUDY ON BRAZILIAN INCOME INEQUALITY AND ITS DETERMINANTS IN BRAZILAbstract: This work is viewed from panel data of Brazilian states towards the 1996-2009 ́s. It also aims to analyze the contribution concerning the different determinants for reducing Brazilian income inequality, which is estimated according to a survey called (PNAD). The idea here is using a dynamic econometric model which is estimated by the Method of Moments of the Generalized-System (MMG-system). The estimated results conclude that governmental income transferring did not have any impact upon the so-called dynamic concerning income inequality to the period sketched. However, if we consider other determinants, point out that education was the mainly contributor to reduce the income inequality. Furthermore, considers that the gross national product and the variable government’s tax burden contribute to increase income inequality in Brazil. Key words: Inequality, income, dynamic panel.
Does The Market See Through Seasonal Quarterly Earnings Patterns?
Authors: Carlson John M.
Published: September 2016

Evidence such as Das, Shroff, and Zhang (2009) suggests that firms routinely reverse their earnings pattern during their fourth quarter compared to that of last year, possibly leading to earnings management. Motivated by these findings, this study seeks to document whether the market sees through seasonal quarterly earnings patterns and reacts consistent with an earnings management hypothesis.  Using an amended Easton and Harris (1991) model, I study whether the earnings variables are more informative based upon the seasonal differencing patterns by incorporating dummy variables, along with their respective interaction terms, to signify the first time the pattern occurs.  My results show the market sees the seasonal quarterly earnings pattern; the earning levels and changes in earnings variables are more informative but the (managed) earnings tend to be transitory, not permanent in nature. All other tests performed support these general conclusions.
Relationship Value, Trust And Supplier Retention In South African Automotive Supply Chains
Authors: Badenhorst-Weiss J.A. , Tolmay A.S.
Published: September 2016

Suppliers have a particular role to play in assuring competitiveness in supply chains. This article investigates the relationship between first and second tier suppliers in automotive supply chains in South Africa. Automotive component suppliers (first tier suppliers to assemblers (OEMS) such as Toyota) should make an extra effort to retain their suppliers (second tier), particularly suppliers of strategic parts, to assure the best value adding by the suppliers in the highly competitive supply chain landscape. To assure best value from suppliers they need to be retained in an active trusting, long term, collaborative relationship.  The more the customer trusts the supplier, the higher the perceived value of the relationship and the more likely parties will work together to retain the business relationship. The aim of this quantitative study amongst first tier suppliers is to obtain more insight into the relationships and the hierarchical correlation between the relationship value, trust and supplier retention in automotive supply chains in South Africa. With a regression analysis it was found that both trust and relationship value are substantial predictors of supplier retention, but trust is more important for supplier retention.
Supervisors’ Toxicity As Predictor Of Subordinates’ Counter-Productive Work Behavior In Nigerian Public Hospitals
Authors: Gabriel Justin Mgbechi Odinioha
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the association of Supervisors’ Toxicity and Subordinates’ Counter-productive Work-behaviour in the Nigerian Public Hospitals. Counter-productive Work -behaviour (criterion variable) is further operationalized using five measures – abuse, production deviation, sabotage, theft, and withdrawal. The cross-sectional survey design is adopted and data is generated using the structured questionnaire. 197 respondents comprising doctors, nursing staff, lab technicians and other administrative staff selected from an accessible population of 402 staff provided responses to the questions. A total of five hypotheses are proposed and tested using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Results indicate significant relationships in all hypothetical instances, thereby implying an association between Supervisors’ Toxicity and Subordinates’ Counter-productive Work- behavior. The study therefore concludes that Subordinates are quick to reciprocate Supervisors’ Toxicity through Counter-productive Work- behavior of transferring aggression to either peers or other identifiable assets of the organization. The study further recommends a more emotionally oriented approach to the management of superior-subordinate relationships with emphasis on the training and retraining of supervisors regarding emotional intelligence as well as conflict and human relations issues.
Disentangling The Effects Of The Employee Benefits On Employee Productivity
Authors: Kang Dong Ug , Yu Gun Jea , Lee Sang-Jik
Published: September 2016

This study aimed to investigate the effects of employee benefits on employee productivity. There are conflicting views, positive and negative, with regard to the effect of employee benefits on employee productivity. Overall, we found that employee benefits have a positive impact on employee productivity through the embodied effect (direct effect). Specifically, according to a workplace panel survey in Korea conducted between 2005 and 2009, an increase of one unit in employee benefits leads to an increase of employee productivity by about 7.9%. In addition, we found that such effect is stronger in the manufacturing industry than in the non-manufacturing industry. Although there is no difference in the effect of benefits between large firms and small and medium-sized firms, the labor-embodied effect is stronger in large firms, and the capital-embodied effect is salient in small and medium-sized firms.
Educación bilingüe y pluralidad: reflexiones en torno de la interculturalidad crítica
Authors: León David Leonardo García , León Javier Enrique García
Published: September 2016

ResumenEn este artículo se plantea el problema de la educación bilingüe en la sociedad globalizada. Se describe las características de dicha sociedad y el rol de las lenguas como medio de comunicación en este contexto. Además, se defiende la idea de que la educación bilingüe debe basarse en la perspectiva intercultural crítica, dado que a partir de ella se logra no solo formar en la diversidad y la pluralidad, sino que además permiteproblematizar situaciones de poder que mantienen relaciones de desigualdad entre los hablantes de diferentes idiomas. Los postulados teóricos que guían estas reflexiones surgen de autores como Grundy (1998), Habermas (1972), Walsh (2010), Freire (1967), García (2009), entre otros. Se espera que este trabajo contribuya a la discusión en torno de la educación bilingüe y las políticas lingüísticas en Colombia.Palabras clave: educación bilingüe, Interculturalidad crítica, pluralidad, políticas lingüísticas.AbstractThe problem of bilingual education in globalized society is discussed in this article. In this context, the characteristics of society and the role of language as a means of communication are described. Furthermore, this study defends the idea that bilingual education should be based on a critical intercultural perspective. From this idea, it is possible to educate not only in diversity and plurality, but it is also possible to problematizesituations of power that maintain relations of inequality among speakers of different languages. The theoretical principles that guide these reflections come from authors such as Grundy (1998), Habermas (1972), Walsh (2010), Freire (1967), García (2009), among others. We hope that this work contributes to the discussion of bilingual education andlinguistic policies in Colombia.  Key words: Bilingual education, critical interculturality, plurality, linguistic policies.
Editorial
Authors: Lingüística Hispánica Cuadernos De
Published: September 2016

La revista Cuadernos de Lingüística Hispánica, órgano de difusión de la Maestría en Lingüística de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (Uptc), llega hoy a su número 23, correspondiente al período enero-junio de 2014. Se ha logrado gracias al concurso decidido de nuestro equipo editorial y, en especial, del Comité de árbitros conformado por estudiosos de las Ciencias del Lenguaje, quienes con su buena voluntadhan colaborado con responsabilidad y eficacia en el proceso de evaluación de las contribuciones recibidas.
Análisis de rasgos lingüísticos en el texto andaluz La infancia de Jesu-Christo desde una perspectiva socio-histórica y cultural
Authors: Gámez Millán Aida Fabiola , Agón Ariza Mayerly
Published: September 2016

Este artículo muestra el análisis lingüístico de un texto del siglo XVII intitulado La Infancia de Jesu-Christo, de Gaspar Fernández y Ávila, mediante la identificación de los rasgos semánticos, morfológicos, léxicos y sintácticos del dialecto andaluz, desde una mirada sociohistórica y cultural del pueblo andaluz. A manera de preámbulo de dicho análisis, se exponen algunos aspectos geográficos, históricos y lingüísticos en los que se origina el dialecto andaluz; se determinan los rasgos fonético-fonológicos que caracterizan el habla andaluza; se dan a conocer las influencias de otras lenguas en ese dialecto, a través del análisis léxico-semántico del mismo; se identifica su morfosintaxis, específicamente, sus diferencias y semejanzas con el español estándar; y se establece, mediante el análisis textual, las marcas de coherencia e ideología en el texto.
English Language Teaching in Rural Areas: A New Challenge for English Language Teachers in Colombia
Authors: Ramos Holguín Bertha , Aguirre Morales Jahir
Published: September 2016

Most English teachers in Colombia are reluctant to work in rural schools due to several challenges that they may encounter. The purpose of this article, which is based on the results of research studies conducted in Boyacá and Santander (Colombia) about English teaching in rural areas, is to show some of the reasons why teachers do not select a job in rural zones. It also suggests some strategies to overcome these issues. Finally, the authors discuss some of the implications for teachers and stakeholders.
Análisis crítico del discurso en la apertura de los diálogos de paz en Colombia (2012)
Authors: Álvarez Romero Luzmila , Suárez Suárez Luz Enith
Published: September 2016

Este artículo presenta los resultados del análisis crítico del discurso de los delegados del Gobierno Nacional y de las FARC, en la instalación de la mesa de los diálogos de paz en Oslo (Noruega, 2012), con el propósito de reconocer los recursos lingüísticos y estrategias discursivas empleadas por los interlocutores para determinar significaciones implícitas en el universo simbólico creado por los actores sociales hegemónicos. La metodología se apoyó en dos fases: una exploratoria descriptiva y otra analítica. En la primera se seleccionó el corpus y se exploró mediante el programa informático NVivo 10. En la segunda, se analizaron los recursos lingüísticos que coadyuvarían en la construcción de las estrategias discursivas presentes y se interpretaron. Los resultados muestran el uso recurrente de las metáforas para conceptualizar la paz, la economía, las FARC, el Gobierno, Colombia, entre otros, y de cuantificadores para construir estrategias de legitimación de las acciones violentas de las FARC.
La formación de la identidad abyecta como una respuesta ética de contracultura
Authors: Chico Quintana Rafael A.
Published: September 2016

En el presente texto, se analiza la novela Diario de Golondrina de A. Nothomb. Para ello, se acude principalmente a los modelos de análisis de la semántica interpretativa de F. Rastier y la semiótica del discurso de la escuela intersemiótica de Paris. El objetivo central de este trabajo es explicar el funcionamiento de la puesta en discurso de dicha novela, con el fin de evidenciar el sistema de valores subyacente y cómo este se opone a otros sistemas legitimados por ciertas formas de vida propias de la cultura moderna. Para ello, se estudiará la praxis enunciativa del narrador homodiegéticoprotagonista; el cual constituye el punto de vista dominante que organiza el universo narrativo de la novela. Se buscará explicar que la intencionalidad de este narrador es perpetuar los valores de su sistema ético personal y universo cognitivo.Palabras clave: Simulacro, autenticidad, cultura, naturaleza, vida, muerte, identidad, sensibilidad. AbstractThe present text is an analysis of novel Diario de Golondrina by A. Nothomb. The analysis will be mainly supported on the theory of semiotic discourse analysis and François Rastier’s interpretive semantics. In order to do so, fi rstly, an explanation is made of the mechanisms of confi guration of the narrative universe of the novel. Secondly, it is shown how the narrator assesses that narrative universe and it is explained the structure of values system that support the praxis discursive of narrator. The objective of this analysis is to explain how this system establishes opposition to ethic’s system of modern culture.Keywords: Simulation, authenticity, culture, nature, death, live, identity, sensitivity.
Editorial
Authors: Freja de la Hoz Adrián Farid
Published: September 2016

Editorial de la edición número 27 (julio-diciembre de 2015)
Keeping it real: amaXhosa iimbongi making mimesis do its thing in the hip-hop and rap music of the Eastern Cape
Authors: Watkins Lee
Published: September 2016

Hip-hop and rap music are present in many cities in the Eastern Cape but this article is restricted to an analysis of the rap music and hip-hop scene in Port Elizabeth and Grahamstown.3 Although the intention of this article is musicological, it is necessary to look at rap music in its contexts, that is, the hip-hop movement locally and globally, and as but one aspect in relation to the other performance and ideological aspects of the hip-hop movement.4 For this reason I attempt to integrate the discursive attributes of the movement into a narrative where the aesthetics of hip-hop performance in the Eastern Cape and South Africa, and by extension, other parts of the globe, is the main concern.
The eroticization of bikutsi: reclaiming female space through popular music and media.
Authors: Rathnaw Dennis M.
Published: September 2016

THis work examines the development of bikutsi from traditional song form to media, moral and cultural issue â€” a site of contestation between local media officials and an increasingly more internationally influenced and liberalized media. I analyze the experience of bikutsi as mediated by politics and external and internal views and consumption. As the Cameroonian media undergoes a process of democratization highly influenced by foreign media, local musicians and video artists become actors in a conflicted and uncertain environment. On the one hand are issues of nation-building and cultural development in the face of dominant foreign media, and on the other, the multitude of images, sounds and forms of popular culture people attach themselves to in their daily imaginings.
Crossing diaspora's borders: musical roots experiences and the Euro-American presence in Afro-Cuban religious music.
Authors: Warden Nolan
Published: September 2016

As a potentially more useful heuristic, I discuss what I call a musical â€œroots experience.â€ In doing so, I argue that recent Euro-American interest in Afro-Cuban music is a logical result of a search for a historicized cultural self, quite similar to that of African-Americans. In this way, the framework of a â€œroots experienceâ€ highlights experiential similarities across an ethnically diverse community of practitioners, whereas relying on the concept of the African Diaspora could possibly reinforce racial barriers.
The effect of tax avoidance on discretionary expenses: evidence from Korea
Authors: Cheong Eun-Hui , Woo Yong-Sang
Published: September 2016

This study investigates the relation between tax avoidance and discretionary expenses. The object of this study is to present the empirical evidence on whether additional cash from tax avoidance is used on discretionary expenses. Tax avoidance is estimated using the model suggested by Desai and Dharmapala (2006). Discretionary expenses are estimated using the index suggested by Roychowdhury (2006), which are selling and administrative expenses except taxes and dues, depreciation expenses, amortization expenses, rent expenses and insurance expenses because the management cannot manage these expenses discretionarily. Research expense and ordinary development expense are included in discretionary expenses. The empirical results of this study are as follows. First, tax avoidance is positively associated with discretionary expenses. This result means that the management spends additional cash from tax avoidance on discretionary expenses. Second, the ownership percentage of foreign investors weakens the positive relation between tax avoidance and discretionary expenses. This result suggests that foreign investors monitor the management’s discretionary decision effectively. Third, the positive relation between tax avoidance and discretionary expenses is weakened as the ownership percentage of a major stockholder increases
Determinants of capital structure of Spanish firms: the case of listed companies in time of crisis
Authors: Rodríguez-Masero Natividad
Published: September 2016

The aim of this paper is to provide new empirical evidence on the capital structure of companies. The author is going to analyze models used in previous literature, and these models will be applied to the sample selected. This sample is different from previous ones in time and characteristics. So it can be analyzed whether the type of company and the moment of time affect the financial structure of models. At the same time the author offers a new model that is representative of the variables that affect the corporate debt in this type of firms. Methodologically a multivariate analysis has been used with panel data on a sample of Spanish listed companies for the period 2003-2013. The sample had not been used in previous studies and the time horizon is characterized by periods of both boom and difficulties and even crises in corporate finance. First the author analyzes a series of models developed from previous studies in which different variables are analyzed, on the other hand has been discussed a proposed based on the results observed model. It is also reported about the evolution of the debt and the level of intangibles by the industry. The results are consistent with the existence of influence of variables related to economic structure (non current assets and current assets), the size of the company, the industry, the level of intangible assets and the return on the debt level
Earnings management and R&D costs capitalization: evidence from Russian and German markets
Authors: Garanina Tatiana , Nikulin Egor , Frangulantc Oksana
Published: September 2016

Purpose: The goal of the paper is to analyze the motives that determine the propensity of companies in both developed and developing countries to engage in earnings management on the basis of accounting treatment of R&D costs. Methodology: The final sample analyzed in the paper is 47 Russian companies and 74 German companies for the period 2012-2013. Findings: The results of the research show that managers of companies in Russia and in Germany are engaged in earnings management practices using R&D costs, although the incentives for these actions are different. In the case of Russian companies, managers enjoy discretion in accounting choices when trying to meet debt covenants by adopting those methods that increase financial results. German managers are focused more on the other type of earnings management incentives – earnings smoothing. There is evidence that the amount of capitalized R&D costs in German companies increases when financial results vary more. Value: There is some evidence in favor of the presence of earnings management incentives in the decision to capitalize R&D costs in developed markets. However, this problem has rarely been studied in developing markets, and there is no comparison between the practices of developed and developing countries in the field. In this paper authors attempt to test the assumption that the contextual factors in developed and developing markets can differ, and thus they may provide different incentives for earnings management on the basis of R&D costs
Promoción del crecimiento en plantas de Capsicum annuum por nanopartículas de óxido de zinc
Authors: Méndez-Argüello B. , Vera-Reyes I. , Mendoza-Mendoza E. , García-Cerda L. A. , Puente-Urbina B. A. , Lira Saldívar Ricardo Hugo
Published: September 2016

Las aplicaciones de la nanotecnología (NT) en los sistemas agrícolas son diversas, ofreciendo el potencial para mejorar significativamente su productividad y eficiencia al reducir costos y cantidades de agroquímicos aplicados. Las nanopartículas (NPs) metálicas de óxido de zinc, cobre y fierro, ya sean puras o mezcladas con plata, están siendo estudiadas globalmente por su potencial agrícola como promotores de crecimiento, nanofertilizantes y antimicrobiales. Considerando lo antes señalado, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de NPs de óxido de zinc puras (NPsZnO) y con plata (NPsZnO+Ag) en el crecimiento de plantas de chile (Capsicum annuum). La síntesis y caracterización de las NPs mencionadas se realizó mediante el método de sol-gel. La aplicación foliar de las NPs a las plantas se hizo semanalmente; el diseño experimental empleado fue completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Los datos obtenidos se procesaron mediante un análisis de varianza y prueba de rango múltiple Tukey (p≤0.05). Los resultados señalan que las plantas expuestas a la aplicación de NPsZnO + Ag al 2.5% en peso, tuvieron significativamente mayor crecimiento y producción de biomasa en comparación con las plantas del tratamiento control, mostrando valores superiores de altura (16.8%), área foliar (30.3%), producción de biomasa total (59.5%), biomasa seca de raíz (112.5%), biomasa seca de tallo (76%) y longitud de raíz (24.4%). También se observó un incremento del índice de clorofila (8%) y número de hojas (32.6%). El efecto promotor de crecimiento de las NPs aplicadas podría atribuirse a la actividad del zinc como precursor de la producción de auxinas que promueven división y elongación celular; así como por su influencia en la reactividad del ácido indolacético, el cual actúa como fitoestimulante hormonal. También puede ser factible que las NPs estudiadas estén involucradas en la biosíntesis de citoquininas y giberelinas; así como en la inducción de mayor actividad de enzimas antioxidantes.
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Common Bile Duct in a Girl
Authors: DCunha Aureen Ruby , Homi Susan Jehangir , Thomas Reju Joseph
Published: September 2016

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare, low grade malignant lesion which can occur anywhere in the body. It children it is usually found in the visceral soft tissues with a potential for local invasion and recurrence, and rarely distant metastasis. We report the diagnostic dilemma faced in the management of a 12-year old girl who presented with obstructive jaundice with a mass lesion at the distal end of the common bile duct. She underwent a tumor resection with a bilio-enteric bypass followed by a course of oral steroids and celecoxib.
Malrotation and Midgut Volvulus associated with Asymptomatic Duplication Cyst of Jejunum
Authors: Rahul Sandip Kumar , Upadhyaya Vijai Datta , Kumar Basant
Published: September 2016

Gastrointestinal duplications can affect any part of the alimentary tract and are notorious for their variable presentation. Their association with malrotation and midgut volvulus is rare. We describe an 8-year old boy presented with episodes of abdominal pain. Radiological workup showed whirlpool sign and abnormal relationship of mesenteric vessels. At operation, malrotation with chronic volvulus were found. Incidentally, a jejunal communicating duplication cyst was also noted.
Active Vivaldi Antenna Timed-Array for Ultra-Wideband 3D Beamforming
Authors: Oliveira Alexandre M. de , Garay Jorge R. B. , Souza Jair P. de , Silva Adriano M. da , Perotoni Marcelo B. , Becari Wesley , Justo João F.
Published: September 2016

Background: This paper presents a three-dimensional antenna array for electronic high-resolution beam spatial scanning.

System and Design Structure: The system consists of five identical elements, arranged in a cross shape (3+3), where each element is formed by a Vivaldi planar antenna equipped with a Ultra Wide Band (UWB) pulse generator (PG), connected to a programmable delay circuit (PDC). The Vivaldi antennas were designed with copper and a Roger (RO3203) substrate, while the PG and PDC were designed using the 0.18μm CMOS Standard process. The project was designed in an integrated simulation environment (electric + electromagnetic), combining LTSpice 4, MicroWind 3.5 and CST MW Studio 2011 design tools. Monte Carlo simulations showed fully consistent results with those of theoretical models. The main lobe has a gain of 13dB, 28º × 27º angular width, a beam steering between 31º and -24º for θ, and between 29º and -29º for the φ angles at 6.2GHz of center frequency.
Masseter Muscle Activity in Track and Field Athletes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Nukaga Hideyuki , Takeda Tomotaka , Nakajima Kazunori , Narimatsu Keishiro , Ozawa Takamitsu , Ishigami Keiichi , Funato Kazuo
Published: September 2016

Teeth clenching has been shown to improve remote muscle activity (by augmentation of the Hoffmann reflex), and joint fixation (by decreased reciprocal inhibition) in the entire body. Clenching could help maintain balance, improve systemic function, and enhance safety. Teeth clenching from a sports dentistry viewpoint was thought to be important and challenging. Therefore, it is quite important to investigate mastication muscles’ activity and function during sports events for clarifying a physiological role of the mastication muscle itself and involvement of mastication muscle function in whole body movement. Running is a basic motion of a lot of sports; however, a mastication muscles activity during this motion was not clarified. Throwing and jumping operation were in a same situation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence or absence of masseter muscle activity during track and field events. In total, 28 track and field athletes took part in the study. The Multichannel Telemetry system was used to monitor muscle activity, and the electromyograms obtained were synchronized with digital video imaging. The masseter muscle activity threshold was set 15% of maximum voluntary clenching. As results, with few exceptions, masseter muscle activity were observed during all analyzed phases of the 5 activities, and that phases in which most participants showed masseter muscle activity were characterized by initial acceleration, such as in the short sprint, from the commencement of throwing to release in both the javelin throw and shot put, and at the take-off and landing phases in both jumps.
Hepatitis B Serology in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Feuchtenberger Martin , Schäfer Arne , Philipp Nigg Axel , Rupert Kraus Michael
Published: September 2016

Background:

Only limited data are available on the prevalence of hepatitis B in patients with proven rheumatic diseases and thus the risk of reactivation under immunosuppressive therapy.

Objective:

To analyse hepatitis B serology in patients with rheumatic diseases prior to therapy.

Method:

In total, 1,338 patient records were analysed for HBsAg, HBsAb and HBcAb in a cross-sectional, single-centre study between 2011 and 2015 at first presentation. Data acquisition was realized using electronic patient files created during routine care. The main variables considered as predictors for HBV reactivation included (i) the exact type of rheumatic disease and (ii) the therapeutically induced immunosuppression.

Results:

Overall, 5.9% of patients (n=79) had proven contact with hepatitis B (HBcAb positive), and HBsAb were not detected in 1.3% (n=18). The rate of vaccinated subjects was 7.8%. HBsAg was detected in 3 patients (0.2%). In addition, 70.3% of patients were treated during the course of rheumatologic disease previously or currently with glucocorticoids, 85.2% with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and 20.1% with a biologic agent (e.g., anti-IL-6, anti-TNFalpha, anti-CD20, CTLA4Ig or anti-IL-12/23).

Conclusion:

Prevalence of hepatitis B serostatus in the analysed rheumatic patients regarding HBs-Ag and HBcAb with or without HBsAb prior to therapy does not differ from the data published for the general population in Germany. However, the rate of hepatitis B vaccinated patients was lower. In general, a significant portion of patients (5.9%) has been exposed to HBV and therefore exhibited an increased risk of reactivation of hepatitis B when undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
Confrontation of Protest against Male Chauvinism in Arundhati Roy’s the God of Small Things
Authors: Singla Sarla
Published: September 2016

Roy portrays women’s marathon struggle for seeking the sense of ‘identity’  in male dominated conservative framework breaking the age-old snackles and constraints and to assert her right to live her own way. Roy attacks the prevailing hypocrisy of the society which builds a great barrier between man and woman.  The setup of the male dominated society is such that it has little or  nothing to offer to the unfortunate forsaken women like Ammu's who are literally forsaken everywhere they go and the greatest pain of it all comes when they are inflicted by ones who are so called your ‘own people’.
Female Genital Mutilation: A Dark Age’s Curse in the 21st Century
Authors: Singh Anjali
Published: September 2016

The article deals with the inhumane practice of female genital mutilation which is practiced in a large part of the world even today. The practice not only affects the victims physically but it also traumatizes them for life. The article seeks to determine the scale at which it is practiced in different countries. The role of United Nations and its agencies have also been discussed. The author seeks for solutions in her research and discusses the methods already being implemented to end this menace of the society.
The Paradigm of Religious Evolution:The Transformation of Rudra to Pashupata
Authors: Mishra Satendra Kumar
Published: September 2016

The Pashupata cult is the oldest known cult of the Saivism. Pashupata cult was established around 200 BC by Lakulisha. Born to a Brahmin family according to Karavana Mahatmya, he died in the seventh month and during his short span he displayed remarkable spiritual powers. His mother floated his body in a river as per the tradition and as said a group of tortoise carried the body to a Shiva shrine. The child became alive and became an ascetic. By yet another account Lakulisha died but was revived by Lord Siva himself. Lord entered his body and preached the Pashupata moral and ethics to the world. The place of his rebirth is today a town called Kayavarohana "to incarnate in another's body". This miracle is still celebrated among the Pashupata believers. The archeological department takes care of two stone inscriptions there with the names of Lakulisha’s four disciples- Kushika, Maitreya, Gargya, and Kaurusha. Lakulisha was a basically a dynamic Pashupata reformist.