bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cervical maturity by cervical collagen measurement using light-induced fluorescence (LIF) during pregnancy
Authors: Zheng Zheng , Di Xiaodan , Wang Lele , Zhang Weijuan , Feng Yan , Shi Shao-Qing , Garfield Robert E , Liu Huishu
Published: November 2020

Objective

The study aimed to evaluate cervical ripening by measuring cervical collagen levels in non-pregnant women, women with a normal pregnancy, and postpartum women by light-induced fluorescence (LIF).

Methods

Cervical collagen content in normal pregnant women (n = 165) at various times of gestation was measured by LIF with a collascope, which is specifically designed to measure fluorescence of collagen. Cervical LIF in non-pregnant women (n = 12) and postpartum women (n = 14) was also detected. The demographic characteristics of women at various times were recorded. The Bishop score at 40 to 41 gestational weeks (n = 37) before the onset of labor was analyzed.

Results

Cervical LIF values progressively declined from the non-pregnant state to late gestation (R = −0.836) and reached their lowest levels during parturition and then increased at postpartum. LIF values and the Bishop score were significantly negatively correlated (R = −0.83). In patients with a Bishop score ≥6, the first stage of labor was shortened with a decrease in LIF values (R = 0.718).

Conclusions

Cervical collagen levels as measured by LIF could be a useful method for evaluating cervical maturity.
Knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors among adult patients with diabetes mellitus attending at debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Assem Abel Sinshaw , Tegegne Mebratu Mulusew , Alemu Destaye Shiferaw , Woredekal Asamere Tsegaw , Tefera Tsehay Kassa
Published: November 2020

Background

Routine eye examination plays a vital role in detecting diabetic retinopathy in its earliest stage before the onset of blindness. Patients’ knowledge about the nature and the consequences of diabetic retinopathy and routine eye checkup helps for timely identification and early treatment. However, there is limited evidence on knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus on diabetic retinopathy and their eye check-up practices in Ethiopia.

The aim of this study was to assess knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 20/2018- May 20/2018. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 230 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above. Data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables withp–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Result

Out of 238 sample 230 were participated, among this, 119 (51.7%) were males. The mean age of the respondents was 49 (SD ±17.6) years. One hundred nine (47.4%) participants had good knowledge and 91 (39.6%) had good eye check-up practice. Urban residence [AOR = 2.65;95% CI: 1.16–6.07)]), monthly income of 3501–8000 birr [AOR = 4.54;(1.31–15.7)], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR = 3.9;(1.6–9.6)], duration of diabetes (6–12 years [AOR = 4.4;(1.4–13.5)]), history of eye disease [AOR = 5.5;(2.3–13.0)] were associated with good knowledge. Similarly, longer duration of diabetes (13–25 years [AOR = 3.77; (1.05–13.5)]) and history of eye disease [AOR = 2.47; (1.09–5.62)] were associated with good eye check-up practice.

Conclusion

The proportion of good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Debark hospital was fair (47.4%) and good eye check-up practice (eye examination at least once in the past year) was low (39.6%). Longer duration of diabetes and history of eye disease were identified as positive factors for good knowledge and eye check-up practice. Knowledge and regular eye check-up practice needs to be enhanced through provision of appropriate health education.
The role of lysosomes in cancer development and progression
Authors: Tang Tao , Yang Ze-yu , Wang Di , Yang Xian-yan , Wang Jun , Li Lin , Wen Qian , Gao Lei , Bian Xiu-wu , Yu Shi-cang
Published: November 2020

Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. Thus, lysosomes play important roles in cellular activity. In addition, previous studies have shown that lysosomes may play important roles in cancer development and progression through the abovementioned biological processes and that the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes are closely related to cancer cell proliferation, energy metabolism, invasion and metastasis, immune escape and tumor-associated angiogenesis. Therefore, identifying the factors and mechanisms that regulate the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes and elucidating the relationship between lysosomes and the development and progression of cancer can provide important information for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction and may yield new therapeutic targets. This study briefly reviews the above information and explores the potential value of lysosomes in cancer therapy.
Analysis of technical efficiency in maize production in Guji Zone: stochastic frontier model
Authors: Belete Aschalew Shiferaw
Published: November 2020

Background

The Guji Zone in particular and Oromia region in general have a huge potential for crop production that can even contribute for the country as a whole in the struggle for achieving food security. Maize is Ethiopia’s largest cereal crop in terms of total production, acreage, and the number of farm holdings. It is one of the staple crops produced in the study area. However, the farm productivity per hectare is low compared to the national average which indicates the presence of farming inefficiency in the study area. Thus, this study was undertaken with the objective of estimating the level of farmers’ technical efficiency in maize production and identifying the factors which determine the variation in the level of technical efficiency among the farmers.

Results

This study was relied on the primary data collected from a sample of maize producing farm household of Adola Rede and Anna Sorra districts of the Guji Zone using a survey questionnaire. A simple random sampling technique was found appropriate for selecting the respondents, since the populations of these study area are homogeneous. The analysis was relied on a cross-sectional data collected from 234 sample farm households. A one-step stochastic frontier normal/truncated-normal model was used to estimate the farmers’ technical efficiency as well as to identify the determinants of yield per hectare of maize which was estimated by maximum-likelihood method. The empirical result indicates that there are large numbers of inefficient farmers in both districts. The estimated technical efficiency for maize producing farmers is equal to 69.03%. Besides, the current study revealed that 69.23% of maize producing farmers have been operating within a technical efficiency score interval equal to (0.5–0.75) in both districts. In addition, the maize yield per hectare in the study area is very low compared to the national average, i.e., the mean yield is 19.2 quintal per hectare. Moreover, the maximum-likelihood results show that gender of the head of the household, age of the head of the household, farm income, row planting, access to credit, number of active labor force, land size owned, access to improved seed and seed type used, and number of livestock were significantly determine the farmers technical inefficiency.

Conclusion

The results of the study revealed that there is an opportunity which is being squandered in maize production in the study area. For instance, with a given technology, it is possible to raise the maize yield per hectare by 30.07% in the study area. Thus, the government and any concerned stakeholders should facilitate access to improved seed and fertilizer, credit, farm technology, and short-term training. Besides, all stakeholders should work in a cooperative and organized manner to implement the full agricultural package on farm level.
Case Report: Painless obstructive jaundice caused by IgG4 autoimmune pancreatitis; the role of endoscopic ultrasound in diagnosis
Authors: Voidila Sofia , Sideris Panagiotis , Letsas Constantinos , Anastasopoulos Elias , Oikonomou Ioanna
Published: November 2020

We report the case of a 60-year-old woman, presenting with painless obstructive jaundice of unknown etiology, who was finally found to suffer from type I autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). This case emphasizes AIP as a rare cause in the differential diagnosis of obstructive jaundice and the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in final diagnosis, which is difficult to establish. According to diagnostic criteria, we combined the results from serologic, imaging and histological features (specifically lgG4 levels, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and EUS) with cytological results, leading to a final diagnosis. Our patient’s response to corticosteroids was impressive, confirming the diagnosis, leading to complete remission of the disease. Whilst diagnosis of AIP is challenging, the application of diagnostic criteria can lead to correct diagnosis. Therapy is corticosteroid based, with very satisfying outcomes.
Current trends and innovative methods in marketing research
Authors: Farahutdinov Shamil'
Published: November 2020

This tutorial provides an overview of modern and innovative research methods used in marketing. The main focus is on innovative methods that are just becoming widespread, as well as on traditional methods that are being transformed as a result of existing trends in the modern digital age. The theoretical and technical aspects underlying the methods under consideration, a brief history of their origin, heuristic possibilities and limitations are revealed. In some cases, examples of use are provided, as well as indications of useful resources and practical use of methods in individual research practice. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is the basis for studying the discipline "Modern methods of sociological research", and its separate sections can complement such disciplines as "Methodology and methods of sociological research", "methods of marketing research", "data Analysis in sociology", etc. The materials of the manual can also be useful for independent researchers, business representatives, and managers. For students and postgraduates studying in groups of specialties and training areas 38.00.00 "Economics and management" and 39.00.00 "Sociology and social work".
Gun Ownership Legality and Its Power in American Society
Authors: Jones Dennis Ivan
Published: November 2020

This research is under a descriptive qualitative method. Therefore, library research was used to compile primary data. The primary data was taken from the documentary film, and the secondary data was taken from sources such as books, articles, and journals. Method of American studies or interdiciplinary approach was also apllied with theories to analyze the problem formulation in this research. They were American politics towards gun laws, sociological theory, and popular culture. The result shows that American policy towards gun legality  is less tight and it give many bad impacts to  American society. The rules that have been made by the American government still  considered  weak and make American justify any illegal way to get their own gun easily. Therefore, the American government is supposed to improve the laws of gun ownership legality to decrease the impacts of gun problems.
Life and loss: the bittersweet moments of growing up with a long-term condition
Authors: Phillips Hannah
Published: November 2020

In this month's patient story, Hannah Phillips reflects on what her condition has taught her about life and loss, expressing the need for more open discussion of this topic among both patients and staff.
Korpuslinguistische Perspektiven auf die sprachhistorische Entwicklung der nominalisierten Infinitive im Deutschen
Authors: Werner Martina
Published: November 2020

Nominalized infinitives (NIs, such as (das) Lachen ‘(the) laughing’, (das) Um-die-Ecke-Wohnen lit. ʻ(the) around-the-corner-living’) are the morphologically most elaborated deverbal nominalization patterns without restrictions in present-day German. However, this was not the case in earlier stages of German. The article reconstructs the steps behind the increase in productivity of the NI since Old High German with the support of historical corpora from Old High, Middle High, Early New High, and present-day German. It will be shown that the increase in productivity is due to an interplay of morphology and syntax. Syntactically, NIs develop from the verbal infinitive together with a syncretism with the pre-Old High German nominal gerund. Morphologically, NIs replace -ung-derived nouns in order to form abstract nouns in Middle High German. In a further step, the morphological complexity of NIs increases, because syntagmata are nominalized, including the emergence of synthetic compounds. In a reverse development taking place from Middle High German onwards, nominalized infinitives can also get result-readings which coincides with pluralizability (such as das Schreiben ‘letter’ – die Schreiben ‘letters’).
Turing’s children: Representation of sexual minorities in STEM
Authors: Sansone Dario , Carpenter Christopher S.
Published: November 2020

We provide nationally representative estimates of sexual minority representation in STEM fields by studying 142,641 men and women in same-sex couples from the 2009–2018 American Community Surveys. These data indicate that men in same-sex couples are 12 percentage points less likely to have completed a bachelor’s degree in a STEM field compared to men in different-sex couples. On the other hand, there is no gap observed for women in same-sex couples compared to women in different-sex couples. The STEM degree gap between men in same-sex and different-sex couples is larger than the STEM degree gap between all white and black men but is smaller than the gender gap in STEM degrees. We also document a smaller but statistically significant gap in STEM occupations between men in same-sex and different-sex couples, and we replicate this finding by comparing heterosexual and gay men using independently drawn data from the 2013–2018 National Health Interview Surveys. These differences persist after controlling for demographic characteristics, location, and fertility. Finally, we document that gay male representation in STEM fields (measured using either degrees or occupations) is systematically and positively associated with female representation in those same STEM fields.
Objective measurement of tinnitus using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning
Authors: Shoushtarian Mehrnaz , Alizadehsani Roohallah , Khosravi Abbas , Acevedo Nicola , McKay Colette M. , Nahavandi Saeid , Fallon James B.
Published: November 2020

Chronic tinnitus is a debilitating condition which affects 10–20% of adults and can severely impact their quality of life. Currently there is no objective measure of tinnitus that can be used clinically. Clinical assessment of the condition uses subjective feedback from individuals which is not always reliable. We investigated the sensitivity of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to differentiate individuals with and without tinnitus and to identify fNIRS features associated with subjective ratings of tinnitus severity. We recorded fNIRS signals in the resting state and in response to auditory or visual stimuli from 25 individuals with chronic tinnitus and 21 controls matched for age and hearing loss. Severity of tinnitus was rated using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and subjective ratings of tinnitus loudness and annoyance were measured on a visual analogue scale. Following statistical group comparisons, machine learning methods including feature extraction and classification were applied to the fNIRS features to classify patients with tinnitus and controls and differentiate tinnitus at different severity levels. Resting state measures of connectivity between temporal regions and frontal and occipital regions were significantly higher in patients with tinnitus compared to controls. In the tinnitus group, temporal-occipital connectivity showed a significant increase with subject ratings of loudness. Also in this group, both visual and auditory evoked responses were significantly reduced in the visual and auditory regions of interest respectively. Naïve Bayes classifiers were able to classify patients with tinnitus from controls with an accuracy of 78.3%. An accuracy of 87.32% was achieved using Neural Networks to differentiate patients with slight/ mild versus moderate/ severe tinnitus. Our findings show the feasibility of using fNIRS and machine learning to develop an objective measure of tinnitus. Such a measure would greatly benefit clinicians and patients by providing a tool to objectively assess new treatments and patients’ treatment progress.
From beat tracking to beat expectation: Cognitive-based beat tracking for capturing pulse clarity through time
Authors: Miguel Martin Alejandro , Sigman Mariano , Fernandez Slezak Diego
Published: November 2020

Pulse is the base timing to which western music is commonly notated, generally expressed by a listener by performing periodic taps with their hand or foot. This cognitive construction helps organize the perception of timed events in music and is the most basic expectation in rhythms. The analysis of expectations, and more specifically the strength with which the beat is felt—the pulse clarity—has been used to analyze affect in music. Most computational models of pulse clarity, and rhythmic expectation in general, analyze the input as a whole, without exhibiting changes through a rhythmic passage. We present Tactus Hypothesis Tracker (THT), a model of pulse clarity over time intended for symbolic rhythmic stimuli. The model was developed based on ideas of beat tracking models that extract beat times from musical stimuli. Our model also produces possible beat interpretations for the rhythm, a fitness score for each interpretation and how these evolve in time. We evaluated the model’s pulse clarity by contrasting against tapping variability of human annotators achieving results comparable to a state-of-the-art pulse clarity model. We also analyzed the clarity metric dynamics on synthetic data that introduced changes in the beat, showing that our model presented doubt in the pulse estimation process and adapted accordingly to beat changes. Finally, we assessed if the beat tracking generated by the model was correct regarding listeners tapping data. We compared our beat tracking results with previous beat tracking models. The THT model beat tracking output showed generally correct estimations in phase but exhibits a bias towards a musically correct subdivision of the beat.
Variation in competition performance, number of races, and age: Long-term athlete development in elite female swimmers
Authors: Born Dennis-Peter , Lomax Ishbel , Romann Michael
Published: November 2020

While talent development and the contributing factors to success are hardly discussed among the experts in the field, the aim of the study was to investigate annual variation in competition performance (AVCP), number of races per year, and age, as potential success factors for international swimming competitions. Data from 40’277 long-course races, performed by all individual female starters (n = 253) at the 2018 European Swimming Championships (2018EC) for all 10 years prior to these championships, were analyzed. Relationships between 2018EC ranking and potential success factors, i.e., AVCP, number of races per year, and age, were determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis. While AVCP was not related to ranking, higher ranked swimmers at the 2018EC swam more races during each of the ten years prior to the championships (P < 0.001). Additionally, older athletes were more successful (r = -0.42, P < 0.001). The regression model explained highly significant proportions (P < 0.001) and 43%, 34%, 35%, 49% of total variance in the 2018EC ranking for 50m, 100m, 200m, and 400m races, respectively. As number of races per year (β = -0.29 –-0.40) had a significant effect on ranking of 50-400m races, and age (β = -0.40 –-0.61) showed a significant effect on ranking over all race distances, number of races per year and age may serve as success factors for international swimming competitions. The larger number of races swum by higher ranked female swimmers may have aided long-term athlete development regarding technical, physiological, and mental skill acquisitions. As older athletes were more successful, female swimmers under the age of peak performance, who did not reach semi-finals or finals, may increase their chances of success in following championships with increased experience.
#PLLQueerTheory: Fans’ reactions to queer representation in Pretty Little Liars
Authors: Day Sara K. , Pennell Summer Melody
Published: November 2020

Pretty Little Liars is a television show popular with queer teen adolescent girls and emerging adult women who engage in conversation on Twitter. In this case study centred on the queer relationship between main characters Emily and Alison, the authors employ fandom studies and queer theory to analyse tweets about the show using the popular hashtags #Emison and #BooRadleyVanCullen. Findings reveal that queer young women used Twitter both to praise and critique the relationship and its homonormative constructs, resist heteronormativity surrounding the portrayal of Emily’s sexuality in particular, and create a sustainable queer community.
E-Money
Authors: DELAPERLE DARRWIN
Published: November 2020

The definition of electronic money (also called electronic cash or digital cash) is a term that is still evolving. It includes transactions carried out electronically with a net transfer of funds from one party to another, which may be either debit or credit and can be either anonymous or identified.
Is there hope for action research in a ‘directed profession’?
Authors: Daly Caroline , Davidge-Smith Linda , Williams Chris , Jones Catherine
Published: November 2020

In this conceptual article, we explore the idea that neo-liberalism has created a ‘directed profession’ with consequences for action research. There are dominant discourses of compliance and performativity which have diminished teachers’ capacity to ask research questions that are disruptive of existing orthodoxies and restricted curriculum and pedagogical models. The article explores the implications of this for teachers as they reflect on practice and wish to make meaningful change to learning and teaching. It has been written from the perspective of four teacher educators who have first-hand experience of developing inquiry-based projects with teachers. First, we consider how action research has been appropriated by policymakers and is in many cases a long way from emancipatory traditions. We explore the importance of dialogue in generating ‘cognitive conflict’ and ‘values–practice dissonance’ among action researchers. Finally, we discuss a ‘dialogic framework’ as a protocol that can help to generate critical perspectives among teachers. We highlight the ‘incubation phase’ of action research, and we suggest that such a protocol has a role in the early stages of thinking about a focus for action research projects. It may help to reclaim action research from bending to the pressures of accountability and performativity in what it sets out to change.
Exploring Archives Space an Open Source Solution for Digital Archiving
Authors: Sarkar Mayukh , Biswas Sruti
Published: November 2020

The advent of digital and networking technologies has begun to embrace the genesis of the next-generation digital archive. The inclusion of cross-domain objects like manuscript documents, audio and video recordings, photographs, paintings, sculptures and other digitised cultural heritage materials increases the complexity of digital archiving in terms of preservation, collection, and discovery of these resources. Introducing a high definition information retrieval system to exhibit the library and museum’s digital resources to a maximum number of users in an open-access environment can satisfy the S. R. Ranganathan’s fourth law – save the time of reader as well as the staffs. Nevertheless, from the perspective of acquiring an advanced OPAC view (web-scale discovery interface) with index-based searching, metadata harvesting, and accessing the physical as well as digital holdings is always a better option for Archival Collections Management System (ACMS). This paper illustrates the fundamental notions and applications of ArchivesSpace, a useful open-source digital archiving toolkit of the contemporary world and analyses its relevance in digital language archiving.
Made in India SiDHELA Indias First Endangered Language Archive
Authors: Narayanan R. Karthick
Published: November 2020

Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayan Endangered Languages Archive (SiDHELA) created by the Centre for Endangered Languages, Sikkim University is India’s first endangered language archive. This archive is part of the ongoing language documentation initiatives of the Centre funded by the University Grant Commission. The Centre, formally established in December 2016 aims for preservation and promotion of endangered languages in Sikkim and North Bengal. The Centre carries out documentation and description of the indigenous endangered languages of the region through linguistic and ethnographic fieldwork. SiDHELA conceptualised as a platform for a linguistic resource of the languages spoken in the region, houses the primary data collected through fieldwork. One of the main aims of this archive is to preserve the data for long term usage and dissemination. Central Library, Sikkim University hosts the archive under its digital library. Through this archive the Centre for Endangered Languages, Sikkim University seeks not just to preserve and protect but also to promote the use of endangered languages spoken in the region. This paper presents the journey of this archive from idea to reality. This paper outlines the motivation behind the conceptualisation of SiDHELA as a regional archive and then discusses its development. It includes discussion on the developmental platform, theoretical issues in the conceptualisation of the archive and practical challenges in its design and development and its prospects. This paper thus primarily intends to inform scholars and researchers working with endangered languages of the region about this archive and its development. Finally, it hopes to kindle interest among researchers and librarians for developments of more such regional archives.
Preserving Indian Languages and Ancient Scripts through Language Documentation and Digital Archiving
Authors: Desk Editorial
Published: November 2020

Unity in diversity is one of the most distinctive features of Indian civilization. From Jammu & Kashmir to Kanyakumari, every region portrays different customs, cultural traditions, and mother tongues. India is a country of multiple languages and ancient scripts. According to the 2011 census report, 1950 mother tongues were spoken/in use in India. Under Article 344 of the Indian Constitution, only 15 languages ​​were initially recognized as the official language. The 21st Constitution Amendment gave Sindhi the official language status. Based on the 71st Constitution Amendment, the Nepali, Konkani, and Manipuri languages were also included in the above list. Later, by the 92nd Constitution Amendment Act, 2003, four new languages ​​Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali, were included in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution. Thus, now 22 languages ​​have been given the status of official language in the Indian Constitution. The total number of people speaking these 22 languages ​​in India is 90%. Apart from these 22 languages, English is also the official language and is also the official language of Mizoram, Nagaland, and Meghalaya. In all, 60 languages ​​are being taught in schools in India.

There was an excellent response to the call for papers for Special Issue on Language Documentation and Archiving of DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology (DJLIT). A total of about 13 Papers were received for the special issue. Based on the review and relevancy of the particular theme, seven papers have been selected for publication in the special issue on Language Documentation and Archiving.
Globalization and Alternative Thinking: on the Need to Direct the Society Towards Responsible Co-Participation and Cooperation
Authors: Cybal-Michalska Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

Contemporary world has become a global ecumene. The theory of globalization as approached by R. Robertson invokes the world conceptualization which assumes reducing the tension between the dichotomous tendencies. Unification and diversification are complementary processes, they are mutually influential and essential for the contemporary stage of development of the global society. The paradigm of globalization on the social and cultural plane is revealed in the binary scheme of extremes, such as: decontextualization and recontextualization, decomposition and recomposition, deteritorialization and re-teritorialization, transculturation and internalization. The contemporary anti-globalist movement is a reflection of ideological opposition. The criticism of globalization remains in close connection to an increasingly lively discussion regarding alternatives to globalization. Specificity of the quality of global cultural ecumene reveals the need to shape and improve the orientation towards responsible participation and cooperation in the changing and co-dependent global society.
Using Vocabulary Activies for Improving Academic Communication Skills in English
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kubrakova Natalya Alekseyevna
Published: November 2020

The article looks at how vocabulary activities in English can contribute to developing communication skills that enable graduate and postgraduate students and young scholars to tackle various academic and professional communicative tasks. The article is aimed at finding the connection between major components of academic discourse, ways of their verbalizing and improvement of academic communication in English. Methodology and methods of the study. The study focused on a wide range of vocabulary activities offered by the textbooks that are specifically tailored to teach English for academic purposes. The author took into account the complex nature of academic discourse that is allegedly comprised of scientific, professional and pedagogical discourses. The analysis of the material relied on descriptive method, content analysis and contextual analysis. The results of the study include identification of the names of participants, situations and genres, inherent in the discourses of academic interaction, and ways of explication of the values and objectives of academic discourse. Vocabulary activities associated with these discourse elements enhance learning norms and convention of academic communication and developing communicative competence. In conclusion, the author highlights that vocabulary activities connected with explication of the discourses within academic discourse are interrelated and help to achieve common goals.
The Prospects and Risks Connected with Increasing the Level of Self-Organisation in Students
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kosareva Svetlana Alexandrovna
Published: November 2020

The paper describes the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students which has been developed by the author. It also contains the method testing results and presents the prospects and risks teachers could face while applying the method in a higher education institution. The purpose of this study is to find out the prospects and risks of applying the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students and to determine the ways of reducing the risks. Methodology. The author points out the learning approaches which were the basis of developing the method and describes diagnostic methods for determining students’ self-organisation levels. The work focused on increasing each student’s initial level consists of a theoretical and a practical part and includes project activities on creating a study guide. The results of the study. The method developed proved to be effective. It was established by diagnosing the final level of self-organisation in students in the experimental and control groups. The paper considers the advantages of the method among which there is universal character, flexibility, improvements to teacher’s and students’ professional competence, etc. At the same time it is necessary to be aware of the risks due to the increased amount of teacher’s work and the fact that students’ work within the project tends to be monotonous. In conclusion, the prospects of the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students are related to its advantages and the final results of the work. The risks of its use can be reduced with the help of the measures proposed in the paper.
Formation of Methodical Competence of Students at Seminars on the Methodology of Teaching a Foreign Language
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Zhukova Natalia Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The article updates the methodical training of future foreign language teachers as part of their professional training. The content of methodical training of students is revealed through the concept of methodical competence. The purpose of the article is to clarify the definition of the methodical competence of a foreign language teacher, to present its structure, to reveal the features of its formation at seminars on the methodology of teaching a foreign language. Methodology and research methods. The methodological foundations of the research are the ideas of communicative and socio-cultural approaches to teaching foreign languages, competence-based, contextual, and personal-activity approaches. Results. The following components of methodical competence are highlighted: the personal component; the cognitive and informational component; the operational and technological component; the activity component. This article reveals the possibilities of seminars for the formation of methodical competence of students. The author gives detailed recommendations based on her textbook on the methodology of teaching foreign languages to teachers on the successful formation the components of this competence. Conclusion. The effectiveness of the formation of methodical competence of future teachers of a foreign language largely depends on the correct organization of seminars on the methodology of teaching a foreign language.
Developing Student’s Readiness for Choice: Overview
Authors:   South Ural State University, Batina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

A modern student faces a situation of many alternatives for choice in the field of education. It can be the choice of new technologies, new educational environments, new ways of communication with participants in educational relations. Development of students’ readiness for a conscious, independent and responsible choice of educational activities and the construction of an individual trajectory of education are among the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard. Choice is considered in detail in philosophy and psychology and, to a lesser extent, in the field of pedagogy, few scientific works are devoted to the problem of developing students’ readiness for educational choice. The article examines the choice in two aspects: as a process and as an internal human activity. The main features of choice are revealed, the concept of readiness to choose as an integrative characteristic of a person is analyzed. The article provides an overview of domestic and foreign researchers in the field of psychology and pedagogy on the problem of the developing students’ readiness to choose educational activities in cooperation with parents, teachers and other students. The purpose of the article is to analyze and generalize the main psychological and pedagogical approaches to the definition of the concepts of choice, readiness to choose, and to identify the essential features of choice in the course of theoretical research. The author considers the features of the process of the development of students to choose educational activities in the theory and practice of education. Methodology. In the course of a theoretical review of the problem, we used the methods of theoretical analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. A conclusion is drawn about the current approaches and methods used to develop students’ readiness to choose educational activities in the theory and practice of education. The results of the theoretical analysis of the phenomena of choice and readiness to choose are useful for further psychological and pedagogical research and the organization of the process of developing students’ readiness for choice.
A pós-graduação stricto sensu em educação no Brasil: reflexões sobre gestão de boas práticas das secretárias. VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Investigación sobre Gobernanza Universitaria
Authors: Silvia Adriana da Silva Soares , Evaldo Luis Pauly , Tamara Cecilia karawejczyk Tellez
Published: November 2020

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a atuação das secretárias dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu em educação, em relação às demandas geradas pelo sistema de avaliação quadrienal da CAPES, visando à qualificação dos processos e práticas gestoras destas colaboradoras. A pesquisa realiza um levantamento tipo survey exploratório-descritivo, com apoio bibliográfico e documental. O estudo permitiu observar que mais da metade dos participantes afirmam buscar formação complementar para suprir as demandas que o exercício da função requer, e de outro, localizam-se um conjunto de tarefas que extrapolam as competências próprias do papel de secretária e sugere-se que os PPGEs incentivem suas secretárias a participarem dos encontros do Fórum de Secretárias/os da região Sul (FORSEC) e do Encontro Nacional (ENSEC). Pois a participação destas profissionais nestes Fóruns permite a troca de experiências e de boas práticas de gestão, estabelece redes de cooperação e qualificação profissional.
Confinamiento por COVID 19 y relaciones de pareja
Authors: Nicolas Londoño Bernal
Published: November 2020

Curso para padres de Familia USTA – “ROCCA SECCA” - Módulo de herramientas para la investigación y la innovación: Descubrimientos de la ciencia, COVID 19, qué enfrentamos perspectiva y prospectiva desarrollada por la Dirección de Investigación e Innovación.
The Lithuanian Psychological Well-Being Scale: An analysis of its structure in a student sample
Authors: Bagdonas Albinas , Urbanavičiūtė Ieva , Kairys Antanas , Liniauskaitė Audronė , Girdzijauskienė Sigita
Published: November 2020

This article presents an analysis of the Lithuanian Psychological Well-Being Scale (LPGS) structure in a student sample and addresses both theoretical and empirical issues related to its development. Psycholo­gical well-being is considered to be a broad construct reflecting a subjective evaluation of our lives in certain domains or on the whole. However, theoretical expla­nations of this phenomenon are somewhat vague and often lack consensus on definitions and classification of well-being domains, subsequently resulting in rat­her diverse approaches to their empirical evaluation. The rationale for the development of the LPGS is based on the following principles: first, the mul­tidimensionality of the construct (it is assumed that psychological well-being encompasses at least several different domains); second, the necessity to take into account characteristic features of the target population in order to produce a valid Lithuanian instrument; and finally, the empirical investigation approach, i.e. the application of empirical findings for the theoretical explanation of psychological well-being. In total, 461 university students took part in the study (68.8 % female, 31% male, 0.2% non-identified; M = 22.6 years). After conducting exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis, 91 item was retained and the following subscales were distinguished: Global satisfaction with life and oneself as a person, Negative emotionality, Purposefulness in life, Satis­faction with interpersonal relationships, Satisfaction with family relationships, Satisfaction with the living standards, Satisfaction with physical health, Percei­ved control, Satisfaction with life in Lithuania. In this study, the LPGS has proven to have adequate psychometric properties. The above-mentioned nine subscales account for 53.7 percent of total variance. The internal consistency test has revealed average to very high subscale reliability, Cronbach alphas ranging from 0.67 (Satisfaction with life in Lithuania) to 0.95 (Global satisfaction with life and oneself as a person).These results provide valuable insight into the dimensionality of psychological well-being in the Lithuanian university student sample. However, more empirical evidence is necessary in order to identify a clear factor structure, and to cross-validate the initial findings in a wider population.
Preterm membrane rupture – new genetic factors and possible way of their realization
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Venckivs‘ka I.B. , Strashko I.V. ,   Perinatal Center of Kyiv, Ukraine, Venckivs‘kiy K.O. ,   Perinatal Center of Kyiv, Ukraine, Zagorodnya O.S. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

The results of the study of gene polymorphism of glutathione-S-transferase in pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes are considered in the article. The objective: to find the pathogenetic factors of premature rupture of membranes and improve the algorithm of reference of patients with this complication in preterm pregnancy. Patients and methods. The study involved 68 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes at term pregnancy and 37 women in the active phase of the first period of preterm birth with intact membranes. Gene polymorphism of glutathione-S-transferase, and the activity of key indicators of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme system were identified in all patients. Results. The dominance among pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes carriers homozygous form of one or more of this group of genes is demonstrated. The observed intensity of lipid peroxidation identified as a pathogenic factor in prenatal rupture of amniotic membranes. The dependence of the high content of lipid peroxidation products of phase II detoxification gene polymorphism is demonstrated by high values of the Spirman coefficient – from 0.71 to 0.74. Conclusion. The phase II detoxification genetic polymorphism is clearly associated with the accumulation of secondary products of oxidation, which may indicate metabolic disorders on the edge of the cell membrane, which actually is a factor in premature rupture of membranes. These features contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammation and generalization. Кey words: рreterm membrane rupture, glutation-S-transferase, lipid peroxidation.
New approaches in complex therapy of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs in women of reproductive age
Authors:   Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine, Grischenko O.V. , Kozub T.A. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

The objective: to study the efficacy of complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (vaginitis), occurring in conjunction with urinary tract infection (cystitis), with a combined medication of plant origin Tutukon produced by Miguel and Garriga, S. A. ("Grand medical Group AG", Spain/Switzerland) in women of reproductive age. Patients and methods. Were examined 60 women of reproductive age with the presence of vaginitis and associated cystitis. All the patients were divided into two clinical groups. In group I (control; n=30) treatment was carried out according to the standard scheme with the use of antimicrobial drugs, antispasmodics, local antiseptics for the sanitation of the vagina. In group II (study group; n=30) treatment was carried out according to the standard scheme with the inclusion of the drug Tutukon. All the patients were examined at 3-rd, 7-th, 10-th day of treatment and 30 days after discontinuation of therapy. Results. During the research was given the analysis of the dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters in women of both groups before and after treatment. In patients of study group, the standard therapy which included Tutukon, the treatment was more effective than in patients of control group: a rapid onset of clinical effect, reducing the duration of the disease, a complete clinical response in 90% of cases versus 63%, alkalization of urine - pH 6.5±0.10, the absence of recurrence within 30 days after the end of therapy. Conclusion. Tutukon medicine is recommended for complex treatment of vaginitis, occurring in combination with cystitis in women of reproductive age. Key words: vaginitis, cystitis, dysuria, urine pH, Tutukon.
The ways of using L-arginine in obstetrics and gynecology to treat diseases, which have an endothelium disfunction in their basis
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gopchuk E.
Published: November 2020

The objective: to investigate the clinical efficacy of the drug Tivomax (arginine hydrochloride 42 mg/ml) at a dose of 100 ml intravenously 1 time a day course 10 days for medical correction of placental dysfunction. Patients and methods. Under our supervision there were 30 pregnant women at term 32-34 weeks with circulatory disorders in the system mother-placenta-fetus. To assess the functional state of the fetoplacental complex used sonometric methods, Doppler Velocimetry of blood flow in the placental system and the definition of biophysical profile of the fetus. Results. The study of peculiarities of haemodynamics in the mother-placenta-fetus was discovered isolated changes in blood flow of uterine arteries in 14 (46.7%) women, accompanied by: a decrease in the diastolic component in the end-diastolic velocity krovotoka – 42.3±2.14 cm/s, increased resistance index – 0.65±0.08 and systolo-diastolic ratio was 2.47±0.32. Violation of placental blood flow was observed in 11 (36.7%) patients. All the patients for the correction of violations was given the drug Tivomax. Conclusion. Tivomax as a donor L-arginine has pronounced effect on the vascular tone as the uterine arteries, and arteries of the umbilical cord, contributing to the normalization of hemodynamics in the mother-placenta-fetus. Key words: Tivomax, L-arginine, endothelium. Obstetrics and gynecology, placental deficiency, preeclampsia
Dikeledi ha di wele fatshe
Authors: Possa-Mogoera Rethabile
Published: November 2020

Dikeledi ha di wele fatshe is a drama book that talks about Mamello who is a grade eight learner who is impregnated by a grade twelve learner Tatolo. They both go to the same school and are seen together after school. Tatolo admits to impregnating Mamello but his parents denies and say it is not him. The matter gets complicated between two parents that is is taken to the village king to resolve it. The king and his kingsmen calls the boy to question him about the matter in the presence of his father and he admits being the father of Mamello's unborn child. The matter gets resolved and his parents are requested to pay the damage. In the midst of all these, Mamello's parents stand with their daughter.