bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of clinical symptom, laboratory finding and prognosis in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura patient from 2010 t0 2017. A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Rostami Mohammad- Reza , Houjaghan Amirmasoud Kazemzadeh , shiraji Sahar Tavakoli , Fumani Hosein Kamranzadeh
Published: April 2020

Background and purpose: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and micro vascular thrombus plus fever, fluctuating neurologic abnormalities and renal damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical symptom, laboratory finding and prognosis in TTP patient from 2010 to 2017 in Shariati hospital. In the present study we assessed clinical presentation and laboratory finding to predict mortality in patients with TTP. Methods: the study was a retrospective cohort study in patient with TTP in Shariati hospital from 2010 to 2017. 114 subjects with TTP after rule out of other microangiopathic hemolytic anemia were included in this study.Results: 114 case of TTP (80 female and 34 male) were identified. Mean ages of participated in the study were 39 years. Hematologic and neurologic symptoms were most common manifestations. Laboratory result at the time of diagnosis revealed mean thrombocytopenia (Plt: 29100), anemia (Hb:8/1), elevated LDH (15100).all patient were treated with PEX, using a cut-off value for the platelet count of 150000/ml. 75% of patient responded . In this study mean of ages, Neurologic manifestation, category of immunologic and reticulocyte count predicted mortality.Conclusion: finally, it can be concluded that mortality rate similar to other study but: in difference clinical symptom and laboratory finding may be predict mortality and occurrence of relapse.
Discoloration of new nanohybrid composites into two different solutions (an invitro study)
Authors: wannous mohammad ali , abboud souad ali
Published: April 2020

Objective: this study aimed to evaluate discoloration of two inorganic nanohybrid composite and an organic modified ceramic resin composite (ormocer) into two solution at different periods of time.Methods: 60 discs of (admira fusion voco, tetric evoceram vivadet ivoclar , tetric N-ceram vivadent ivoclar) were prepared with dimentions of (2mm x 5mm) and devided into three group (A ,B, C) Each group of 20 specimens were randomized into two subgroups, one of them were immersed in coffee and the other in cola for 1, 7, and 28 days of immersion. Color measurements were recorded every time period using Vita Easy shade compact according to the CIE L*a*b* system and results were saved for comparing .The ΔE values between the study time points were calculated. Results: Admira Fusion x-tra showed the lowest ΔE variations (P < 0.01) at all periods of time comparing with Tetric evoceram and Tetric N-ceram at both solution. Coffee caused higher discoloration at all periods of time.Conclusion: Staining beverages caused significant discolorations for all the materials tested. Coffee caused higher discoloration comparing with cola. Nanohybrid ormocer composite reported the lowest color variations.
Effects of Biaxial Ankle Strengthening on Muscle Efficiency during Gait in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Cho Ji-Eun , Lee Wan-Hee , Shin Joon-Ho , Kim Hogene
Published: April 2020

Background: Ankle dysfunction in stroke patients is a common but serious cause of balance and gait impairment. However there seldom exists comprehensive paretic ankle training. Thus we investigated the effects of biaxial ankle muscle training (AMT) using visual feedback as a means to improve ankle strength and functional activities in stroke patients. Methods: The study design was a randomized controlled pilot trial with concealed allocation and assessor blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. Twenty-five patients with stroke under inpatient rehabilitation with difficulty walking (e.g. foot drop), or ankle muscle weakness participated. The experimental group underwent AMT consisting of passive stretching, contraction to match movement, and active-resistive strengthening using visual feedback for 40 minutes per day, 5 times per week for 4 weeks. The control group underwent ankle-related physical therapy including ankle range of motion(ROM) exercises for matched time period. The outcomes were ankle isometric contraction force, Fugl-Meyer lower extremity (FM-L), Berg balance scale (BBS), walking speed, and ankle co-contraction index (CI) during gai. Results: The results showed significant between-group differences for ankle isometric contraction in each direction (P<0.05), FM-L (P<0.01) and stance-phase CI (P<0.05). Post training, the AMT group displayed significant differences in the ankle isometric contraction in each direction (P<0.01), ankle proprioception (P<0.05), and walking speed (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the significant short-term effects of AMT on ankle strength, walking speed, and ankle muscle efficiency in chronic stroke survivors.
Meta-analysis of AKI to CKD transition in perioperative patients
Authors: Abdala Pedro , Swanson Elizabeth , Hutchens Michael
Published: April 2020

Background Recent research shows AKI increases the risk of incident CKD. We hypothesized that perioperative AKI may confer increased risk of subsequent CKD compared to nonperioperative AKI. Methods A MEDLINE search was performed for “AKI, CKD, chronic renal insufficiency, surgery, and perioperative” and related terms yielded 5209 articles. 1065 relevant studies were reviewed. 1006 were excluded because they were review, animal, or pediatric studies. 59 studies underwent full manuscript review by two independent evaluators. 17 met all inclusion criteria and underwent analysis. Two-by-two tables were constructed from AKI +/- and CKD +/- data. The R package metafor was employed to determine odds ratio (OR) were calculated, and a random-effects model was used to calculate weighted ORs. Leave-1-out, funnel analysis, and structured analysis were used to estimate effects of study heterogeneity and bias. Results Nonperioperative studies included studies of oncology, percutaneous coronary intervention, and myocardial infarction patients. Perioperative studies comprised patients from cardiac surgery, vascular surgery, and burns. There was significant heterogeneity, but ris of bias was overall assessed as low. The OR for AKI versus non-AKI patients developing CKD in all studies was 4.31 (95% CI 3.01-6.17; p < 0.01). Nonperioperative subjects demonstrated OR 3.32 for developing CKD compared to non-AKI patients (95% CI 2.06-5.34; p < 0.01) whilst perioperative patients demonstrated OR 5.20 (95% CI 3.12-8.66; p < 0.01) for the same event. Conclusions We conclude that studies conducted in perioperative and nonperioperative patient populations suggest similar risk of development of CKD after AKI.
A systematic review protocol to explore the prevalence and impacts of neurodevelopmental disorders in the care experienced by the looked after population
Authors: Heady Nicola Jane , Watkins Alan , John Ann , Hutchings Hayley
Published: April 2020

Background: A looked after child (LAC) is defined as a child or young adult, that has been placed in either a foster care, kinship, residential or adoption care setting. While embedded in the care of these services, these children still develop debilitating disorders that significantly impact their future overall wellbeing. Prevalence of these disorders are often depicted under broad, umbrella categories such as mental, behavioural or developmental disorders. What specific disorders fall under these broad categories is limited in research. This review aims to explore the prevalence and early impacts of neurodevelopmental disorders in the LAC and if feasible, compare prevalence with those children who are not looked after (NoN-LAC). Disorders such as dyslexia, bipolar and autism which are classified as neurodevelopmental or associated disorders in the expert field of genetics and neuropsychiatry will be explored. These disorders significantly impact on emotions, memory, ability to learn and socialize and are diagnosed solely based on behaviour. As a result; attaining a diagnosis can take years due to the associated complex behavioural symptomology.With an increasing rate of children entering the care system on a global level; it is an appropriate time to examine the prevalence and impact of these neurodevelopmental disorders in this already, vulnerable population.Methods: A literature search will be conducted using several multiple databases such as PubMed, PsychINFO and Web of Science Core Collection. Secondary literature, grey literature and government publications will also be searched systematically to further identify any eligible studies. Children involved in foster, residential, adopted or kinship care will be identified as a LAC. NoN-LAC will be children who are not placed in the looked after care setting. The age limit is 25 years as the review aims to explore the earlier impacts these disorders may have on the overall wellbeing of these children. Appropriate statistical techniques will be utilised and adapted throughout the review dependent on the research designs of the eligible studies. Discussion: This review could identify gaps in LAC research and potentially contribute to the understanding of the adverse life outcomes that many of these children are predicted to attain. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO Registration number: CRD4201913103
Myeloid Pannexin-1 mediates acute leukocyte infiltration and leads to worse outcomes after brain trauma.
Authors: Seo Joon Ho , Dalal Miloni S. , Calderon Frances , Contreras Jorge
Published: April 2020

Background: Neuroinflammation is a major component of secondary damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We recently reported that pharmacological inhibition of Pannexin-1 (Panx1) channels markedly reduced the inflammatory response after TBI. Panx1 channels have been shown to be important conduits for adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) release and are associated with leukocyte infiltration and pyroptosis. Because Panx1 blockers significantly decrease ATP release and migration of activated microglia and other myeloid cells (such as monocyte derived macrophages and dendritic cells) in vitro , we hypothesized that myeloid Panx1 channels play a specific role in immune cell infiltration promoting tissue damage following TBI.Methods: The murine controlled cortical impact (CCI) model was used on myeloid-specific Panx1 conditional knockout ( Cx3cr1 - Cre :: Panx1 fl/fl ) mice to determine whether myeloid Panx1 mediates neuroinflammation and brain damage. Immune cell infiltration was measured using flow cytometry. Locomotor and memory functions were measured using the rotarod and Barnes maze test, respectively. The levels of biomarkers for tissue damage and blood brain barrier leakage were measured using western blot and magnetic resonance imaging. Panx1 channel activity was measured with ex vivo dye uptake assays, using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.Results: CCI-injured Cx3cr1- Cre ::Panx1 fl/fl mice showed markedly reduced immune cell infiltration to the brain parenchyma compared with Panx1 fl/fl mice. As expected, Panx1 dependent activity, assessed by dye uptake, was markedly reduced only in myeloid cells from Cx3cr1- Cre ::Panx1 fl/fl mice. The expression of biomarkers of tissue damage was significantly reduced in the CCI-injured Cx3cr1- Cre ::Panx1 fl/fl mice compared to Panx1 fl/fl mice. In line with this, magnetic resonance imaging showed reduced blood brain barrier leakage in CCI-injured Cx3cr1- Cre ::Panx1 fl/fl mice. There was also a significant improvement in motor and memory function in Cx3cr1- Cre ::Panx1 fl/fl mice when compare to Panx1 fl/fl mice within a week post-CCI injury.Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that CCI-related outcomes correlate with Panx1 channel function in myeloid cells, indicating that activation of Panx1 channels in myeloid cells is a major contributor to acute brain inflammation following TBI. Importantly, our data indicate myeloid Panx1 channels could serve as an effective therapeutic target to improve outcome after TBI.
Active vibration control of mechanical servo high speed fine-blanking press
Authors: Liu Yan xiong , Shu Yuwen , Hu Wen tao , Zhao Xin hao , Xu Zhi cheng
Published: April 2020

The fine-blanking process as an advanced sheet metal forming process has been widely applied in the industrial area. However, special designed equipment is required for this process. In this paper, a novel mechanical servo high speed fine-blanking press with the capacity of 3200kN is proposed, and the vibration control for this machine is researched to achieve the requirement of fine-blanked parts of high dimensional accuracy, since the vibration of the fine-blanking machine will cause the machining displacement error and reduce the machining accuracy. The self-adaptive feed forward control is used to simulate the active vibration control of the mechanical fine-blanking machine. The vibration control principle of the fine-blanking machine is described and the control algorithm is established. At the same time, the vibration mechanical model of the fine-blanking machine as the controlled object is established, and the parameters of the excitation input and the mechanical model are obtained by the fine-blanking finite element simulation and the experiments of the vibration measurement of the press. Finally, the numerical simulation and analysis of active vibration control based on Matlab are carried out. The results show that the control effect is good, and the vibration response is effectively reduced.
Accelerated molecular breeding of novel cytoplasmic male sterility lines in rice using orfH79 or orf290 haplotypes
Authors: Tan Yanping , Chen Tong , Tian Ze , Li Jiayang , Liu Xuequn , Tang Xianying , Cheng Gang , Xu Xin , Wang Chuntai
Published: April 2020

The identification and development of new cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines in higher plants is important for the preservation of grain security and the prevention of homogenization of hybrid rice. Molecular markers assisted selection (MAS) based on CMS-associated genes or mitochondrial-specific chimeric sequences are important for rapid and effective breeding of new CMS lines and hybrids. In our study, the distribution and allele variation of orfH79 and orf290 genes were characterized from 273 wild and cultivated rice in the AA genome species. Based on the alignment of nucleotide and amino acid sequences, four accessions with orfH79 and three accessions with orf290 were screened. Four novel CMS lines carrying orfH79 haplotypes and three novel CMS lines carrying orf290 haplotypes were then developed using multiple backcross generations with a maintainer line under MAS. The breeding process used in our study provides an efficient and feasible approach for selecting new CMS lines. CMS lines selected in our study are important for enriching rice germplasm resources and guaranteeing rice breeding programs.
IL-17A deficiency alleviate fluoride-induced injury by inhibiting immune response and apoptosis in testis
Authors: Li Yanyan , Zhao Yangfei , Wang Jinming , Cheng Min , Wang Jundong
Published: April 2020

Backgroud Reproductive toxicity of fluoride (F) has been verified by epidemiological and experimental investigations. Based on the literature and our recent studies, as well as the reports inferred by sequencing analysis of mice with normal and fluorosis testes, it is suggested that the interleukin 17A (IL-17A) signaling pathway may be the key link of the damage in testes of the fluorosis animals. To investigate the role of IL-17A in the process of F-induced testicular injury, we exposed wild type (WT) genotype mice and IL-17A knockout (IL-17A-/-) genotype mice to 50mg/L Sodium fluoride (NaF) at 90 days, respectively.Results From the results, we verified IL-17A played a key role in the exacerbation of testicular injuries in fluoride-exposed animals, and found IL-17A knockdown could evidently ameliorate the lesion of testicular damage, including the improves in semen quality,maintain testicular morphology and reducing the immune response in testis. In addition, our results showed that Leydig cells exposed to NaF and recombinant IL-17A in vitro displayed both abnormal apoptoses and decreased secretions of testosterone.Conclusions Altogether, our findings proved that IL-17A deficiency alleviate fluoride-induced injury by inhibiting immune response and apoptosis in testis. This study also provides the mechanism of reproductive toxicity of F, the basis for scientific diagnosis, and possible target drug design.
Early Epidemiological analysis of CoVID-19: First report from South of Iran
Authors: Akbari Ali , Emami Amir , Javanmardi Fatemeh , Pirbonyeh Neda , Fadakar Nima
Published: April 2020

Background: Despite the whole world’s effort for controlling, an ongoing global outbreak of lower respiratory tract disease, caused by new corona virus; led to a major public health issue. Current study aims to evaluate the characteristics of infected case in Fars, IranMethods: According to the referral of suspicious patients during one month, 2538 samples were evaluated and extracted for Viral RNA nucleic acids by using the Invitrogen ChargeSwitch® Total RNA Cell Kit (Invitrogen Co.). Data were recorded based on the standardized data collection forms shared by WHO and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium. Results: By 19 March 2020, 440 admitted patients had been identified with CoVID-19 confirmation. More than 50% of cases were men. Mean age were estimated 48.15 ±18.07. Of all the patients, 30 (6.81%) had a history of travel to Qom city, which was the first infected zone in Iran, also 92(20.90%) had close contact with contaminated or suspected individuals. The mortality rate was estimated 2. 95% (13 cases). Cardiovascular disease (25, 5.68%), diabetes (33, 7.5%), and hypertension (35, 7.95%) were the most common co-existing disorders. Patients with underlying disease are more in danger of death [OR: 11.64, (95%CI 3.14 – 43.18), p= 0.0002]. Conclusion: Human to human transmission of SARS-CoV-II causes Fars province in southwest of Iran become infected and 440 cases identified during one month. The SARS-Cov-2 is more likely to affect male sex and individuals with old age and underlying disorders.
Low hENT1 expression indicates poor prognosis in gemcitabine-treated pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Xiao Jianchun , Zhao Fangyu , LUO WenHao , Yang Gang , Wang Yicheng , Qiu Jiangdong , Liu Yueze , You Lei , Zheng Lianfang , Zhang Taiping
Published: April 2020

Background

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is still a lethal disease and has a poor prognosis, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is now the standard regimen in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine resistance is an important obstacle for effective treatment of patients and improvement in patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS).

Methods

We collected the surgical pathological tissue of pancreatic cancer patients who received radical surgery in our hospital from September 2004 to December 2014 continuously. 375 pancreatic cancer tissues and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues were employed for the construction of 4 tissue microarrays (TMAs). The quality of 4 TMAs was reexamined by HE staining. We did immunohistochemistry analysis to test hENT1 expression. The hENT1 antibody was used to measure hENT1 expression in TMAs by IHC staining according to standard protocols. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0. The clinical end points of patients were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and differences compared by log-rank test. Cox regression (proportional hazards model) was applied to determine the prognostic values of multivariate factors on patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS).

Results

The hENT1 protein expression in tumor tissues was much lower than in normal tissues (80.5±8.8 versus 89.5±8.9, p=0.005). A low hENT1 expression level indicated a significant poor outcome of PC patients, including shortened DFS(21.6±2.8 months versus 36.9±4.0 months, p<0.001) and OS(33.6±3.9 versus 39.6±3.9, p=0.004). A high hENT1 expression level was related to longer DFS (35.7±4.0 versus 20.6±2.7; p<0.0001). Similarly, patients with high hENT1 expression in gemcitabine-treated group showed longer overall survival OS compared with low expression group (39.4±4.0 versus 31.5±3.9, p=0.001). In contrast, no significant difference of DFS and OS was found in non-gemcitabine treated group between the expression level of hENT1 and the prognosis of patients (p=0.413 and p=0.152). A low hENT1 expression level in tumor tissues was an independent risk factor for PC recurrence or metastasis(HR 0.53; 95% CI: 0.39-0.72; p<0.001). In addition, a low expression level of hENT1 (HR 0.60; 95%CI: 0.43-0.82; p=0.001) was independent risk factors for overall survival of PC. Low hENT1 expression level predicted worse OS (HR 0.60; 95%CI: 0.43-0.82; p=0.002) and DFS (HR 0.56; 95%CI: 0.41-0.77; p<0.001) .

Conclusion

hENT1 was low expressed in tumor tissues and this decreased expression level indicated a worse outcome (including shortened OS and DFS) in patients who received gemcitabine treatment postoperatively.
New Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Injury and Bleeding Induced by Acute Unpleasant Exercise
Authors: Fan Fangcheng , Ai Yangwen , Liu Qingshan , Cheng Yong
Published: April 2020

It remains unclear whether acute unpleasant exercise (AUE) caused by foot shocks leads to gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal injury and bleeding. In this study, we investigated the involvement of inflammatory cytokines in AUE-induced GI mucosal injury/bleeding and oxidative stress by analyzing the expressions of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in the hypothalamus and duodenum after foot shocks using PCR. Results showed that the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS were significantly increased following the process, while IL-10 was not activated. These findings suggest that the activation of inflammatory response system (IRS) is closely related to GI mucosal injury/bleeding and oxidative stress induced by AUE caused by foot shocks.
Assessment of Effect of Maternal Employment on Nutritional Status of Under Five Children In Mendera Kochi Kebele, Jimma Town, Jimma Zone, Ethiopia: Community Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hurissa Bekana Fekecha , Asnake Haregwa
Published: April 2020

Background: Malnutrition continues to be a critical public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. For example, in East Africa, 48% of children under- five are stunted while 36% are under weight. Poor health and poor nutrition are now more characteristics of children living in urban area than of children in rural areas. Therefore this study assessed the effect of maternal employment on nutritional status of under-five children at Mendera Kochi kebele of Jimma town South West of Ethiopia.Method: Community based cross sectional study design was conducted in Jimma town Mendera Kochi kebele from April15-May 05. Systematic sampling technique was used. Pre-tested structured questionnaires used for data collection. A total of 264 study subjects were interviewed. The collected data analyzed using SPSS 20 version.Result: Out of 264 total households the majority, 96(36.4%) of mothers were living in households with 3-4 or more family members. Out of 264 respondents 155(58.7%) were government employee, 93(35.3%) and the remaining were private and NGO employees. The income level of majority of respondents, 54.5% was between 1000 and1500. A total of 254 children aged 0–59 months were enrolled in this study. The age of the children in the study area, 6-12 months 89(35%), 12-24 months 111(43.6%), and 24-59 months 54(21.4%) respectively. Weight of children’s 53(21.1%) were between 1500-2500 gm, 40(16.1%) were between 2500-4000gm, 25(9.8%) were >4000gm and the rest were below 1500gm. 151(57.2%) children of working mothers had a mean upper arm circumference value of >=12.5. 51.1% of the children had height for age ranged from 90-95% percentiles. Conclusion- The children of working mothers were observed to achieve better nutritional status from their anthropometric measurement. Maternal employment is not a protective factor against diarrhea and acute respiratory infection.
Over-ocean dispersal inferred from the saltwater tolerance of lizards from Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Min-Hao , Lin Jhan-Wei , Liao Chen-Pan , Hsu Jung-Ya , Huang Wen-san
Published: April 2020

BackgroundFor non-marine organisms, crossing the sea requires the challenges of dehydration and hypersalinity to be faced. Thus, the rate of water loss and saltwater tolerance determine the ability of species to disperse over sea and further influence species distribution. However, this association between physiology and ecology has rarely been investigated in terrestrial vertebrates. In this study, we examined the lizard species differently distributed across Taiwan and the adjacent islands to determine whether these physiological responses reflect the geographical distribution. We performed immersion experiments on individuals and eggs to test the rate of water loss and the saltwater tolerance in the six chosen species, that is, four native species (Plestiodon elegans, Eutropis longicaudata, Diploderma swinhonis, and Hemidactylus frenatus) and two introduced species (E. multifasciata and Anolis sagrei). Results For the individuals, the results showed that P. elegans had the highest rate of water loss and the lowest saltwater tolerance, whereas E. longicaudata and E. multifasciata showed the lowest rate of water loss and the highest saltwater tolerance. D. swinhonis, H. frenatus, and A. sagrei had medium measurements compared with the aforementioned species. On the other hand, for the eggs, only the rigid-shelled eggs of H. frenatus were not influenced by the water immersion and were incubated successfully after experimental treatment. In contrast, the parchment-shelled eggs of E. longicaudata and D. swinhonis lost or gained water dramatically in the experiments, and none of them hatched after immersion. ConclusionsThese interspecies differences in water loss and saltwater tolerance strongly suggest the heterogeneity of over-ocean dispersal ability among these lizards. Combined with the historical geology and the origin areas of each species, the inferences of the results largely explain the current distribution of these lizards across Taiwan and the adjacent islands. Furthermore, this study also helps to elucidate the potential dispersal of two invasive species, E. multifasciata and A. sagrei, for conservation purposes.
In vitro conjugation kinetics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli donors and various Enterobacteriaceae recipients
Authors: Saliu Eva-Maria , Zentek Jürgen , Vahjen Wilfried
Published: April 2020

Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria pose a major hazard to public health. Due to the possibility of genetic transfer, ESBL genes might spread to pathogenic enterobacterial strains. Thus, information on possible genetic transfer between enterobacteria is of high interest. It was therefore the aim of this in vitro study to screen the capacity of a wide range of Enterobacteriaceae for time dependent differences in conjugation with five ESBL-producing Escherichia (E.) coli strains. Results: Conjugation frequencies for five potential E. coli donor strains, producing the enzymes CTX-M-1, CTX-M-15, SHV-12, TEM-1, TEM-52 and CMY-2, and six potential recipient strains (E. coli, Serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella Typhimurium and Proteus mirabilis) were obtained. Hence, different combinations of donor and recipient strains were co-incubated for between 0 and 22 hours and spread on selective agar. Conjugation frequencies were calculated as transconjugants per donor. Some of the donor and recipient strain combinations did not show plasmid transfer within 22 hours. Hence, the recipient Proteus mirabilis did not accept plasmids from any of the given donors and E. coli ESBL10716 was not able to transfer its plasmid to any recipient. Enterobacter cloacae only accepted the plasmids from the donors E. coli ESBL10708 and E. coli ESBL10716 while E. coli ESBL10708 did not transfer its plasmid to Serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens. E. coli IMT11716 on the other hand did not perform conjugation with the donor E. coli ESBL10689. The remaining mating pairs differed in conjugation frequency, ranging from log -5 to -8.5 transconjugants/donor. The earliest conjugation events were detected after 4 hours. However, some mating pairs turned positive only after 22 hours co-incubation.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that conjugation is a frequent event in the spread of ESBL genes among commensal and pathogen bacteria. This should be considered when addressing antibiotic resistance issues.
The prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fang Zheng , Yuhui Zhang , Xingyu Chen , Wei Zhao , Liangman Li
Published: April 2020

Objective: To assess the prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer systematically. Methods: Literatures that reported prevalence rates of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer were identified via PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database and Weipu database from inception to October 2018. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (ARHQ). Subgroup analyses were performed stratified by areas, years of publication, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stages, pathological types and clinical characteristics. Publication bias was assessed with Egger’s test and Begg’s funnel plot. Results: A total of 59 studies were eligible for inclusion and the methodological qualities of included studies were moderate to high. The pooled prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer was 8.1% (95%CI: 7.0%, 9.1%). Of all the included studies, thirty-three studies were conducted in China, and the pooled prevalence of China was 10.6%. From 1996 to 2000, the prevalence was 10.8% (95%CI: 5.6%, 16.1%), and it increased to 17.4% (95%CI: 8.5%, 26.3%) from 2001 to 2005. After that till now, the prevalence drastically decreased and maintained at a low level around 5.9%. The prevalence showed an increasing trend from 2.7% (95%CI: 0.0%, 5.4%) to 38.5% (95%CI: 20.6%, 56.3%) from TNM stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅳ. The prevalence was 4.5% (95%CI: 1.7%, 7.4%) in the well and moderately differentiated group, 19.0% (95%CI: 13.8%, 24.1%) in the poorly differentiated and undifferentiated group, 31.6% (95%CI: 2.9%, 60.3%) in the signet ring cell group, and 19.3% (95%CI: 11.8%, 26.9%) in the mucinous group, respectively. Conclusion: The pooled prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer was 8.1%. The prevalence increased with the exacerbation of gastric cancer from TNM stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅳ and was inversely related to the degree of tissue differentiation. At the same time, it was also affacted by area and years.
Pension literacy and retirement planning in an emerging economy
Authors: Adeabah David
Published: April 2020

This paper links pension literacy to retirement planning in an emerging economy. The results show that the correct knowledge about pension basics and savings rate have a positive effect on employees’ efforts to plan for their retirement. Conversely, employees’ correct knowledge about pension lump sum impairs their retirement planning efforts. Enhanced retirement preparedness is associated with the correct knowledge of pension basics and lump sum, pension savings rate and lump sum or pension basics, savings rate and lump sum all together.
Cyclin H predicts a poor prognosis and promotes the proliferation in ovarian cancer
Authors: Peng Chen , Yang Yansong , Ji Li , Yang Panpan , Yang Xiaoqing , Zhang Yuquan
Published: April 2020

Background

Cell cycle dysregulations play a key role in the pathogenesis of malignant tumor. Cyclin H is a part of CDK-activating kinase (CAK) trimeric complex, which is necessary for the regulation of the cell cycle and proliferation. The objective of this investigation was to characterize the clinical significance and biological functions of cyclin H in ovarian cancer.

Methods

Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 60 cases of ovarian cancer and the correlation between cyclin H expression and clinical characteristics was analyzed. The function of cyclin H in ovarian cancers was explored using HO8910 cells and animal model.

Results

Cyclin H was slightly expressed in grade 1 ovarian cancer and highly expressed in high grade 2 and grade 3 tissues. The result of spearman rank correlation analysis showed the expression of cyclin H positively correlated with tumor grade, the FIGO stage, histologic grade and peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer. Cyclin H was positively correlates with Ki67 and p-CDK2 in ovarian cancer. In addition, we found the five-year survival rate of cyclin H low expressed patients was higher than that in the cyclin H high expressed patients. Furthermore, knockdown of cyclin H was then achieved using a shRNA in HO8910 ovarian cancer cell line. Silencing of cyclin H resulted in G1/S cell cycle arrest of ovarian cancer cells and suppressed the growth of ovarian cancer.

Conclusions

These results suggest high expression of cyclin H predicts a poor prognosis and promotes the growth of ovarian cancer via regulating cell cycle.
Construction of a metastasis-associated ceRNA network reveals a prognostic signature in lung cancer
Authors: Cao Qing , Dong Zewen , Liu Shuzhen , An Guoyan , Yan Bianbian , Lei Lei
Published: April 2020

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of lung cancer related death. However, the molecular network involved in lung cancer metastasis remains incompletely described. Here, we aimed to construct a metastasis-associated ceRNA network and identify a lncRNA prognostic signature in lung cancer.Methods: RNA expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to investigate the function of these genes. Using Cox regression analysis, we found that a 6 lncRNA signature may serve as a candidate prognostic factor in lung cancer. Finally, we used Transwell assays with lung cancer cell lines to verify that LINC01010 acts as a tumor suppressor.Results: We identified 1249 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 440 DE lncRNAs and 26 DE miRNAs between nonmetastatic and metastatic lung cancer tissues. GO and KEGG analyses confirmed that the identified DE mRNAs are involved in lung cancer metastasis. Using bioinformatics tools, we constructed a metastasis-associated ceRNA network for lung cancer that includes 117 mRNAs, 23 lncRNAs and 22 miRNAs. We then identified a 6 lncRNA signature (LINC01287, SNAP25-AS1, LINC00470, AC104809.2, LINC00645 and LINC01010) that had the greatest prognostic value for lung cancer. Furthermore, we found that suppression of LINC01010 promoted lung cancer cell migration and invasion.Conclusions: This study might provide insight into the identification of potential lncRNA biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in lung cancer.
The effect of passive lower limb training on heart rate asymmetry
Authors: Wu Liang , Shi Ping , Li Anan , Yu Honglliu , Liu Yang
Published: April 2020

Background: Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) is an approach for quantitatively assessing the uneven distribution points of RR intervals of sinus rhythm. We aimed to investigate whether the automatic regulation lead to HRA alternation during passive lower limb training. Methods : Several variance-based HRA variables derived from Poincaré plot were established. Thirty healthy participants were recruited in this study. The protocol included baseline (Pre-E) and three passive lower limb training trials (E1, E2 and E3) with a randomized order. Heart rate variability (HRV) frequency-domain parameters (LF (n.u.), HF (n.u.) and VLF (ms 2 )) and HRA variables (SD1a, SD1d, SD2a, SD2d, SDNNa and SDNNd) were calculated by using 5-min RR time series. Results : Our results showed that the performance of HRA distinguished. The HRA was observed with significant changes in E1, E2 and E3 compared to Pre -E. Moreover, HRA variables correlated with HRV parameters in all trials, which indicated that HRA might benefit in assessing autonomic alteration in passive lower limb trainings. Conclusions: In summary, this study suggested that passive training led to significant HRA alternation and the application of HRA gave us the possibility for autonomic assessment.
Pearl extract protects HaCaT cells from UV radiation-induced apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway regulation
Authors: Chen Zhixiong , wang jing , Yang Anquan , Zhang Lihua , Lu Yaojia , Mo Jiahuan , Xie Min , Shen Xinzhong
Published: April 2020

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that pearl extract (PE) promotes wound healing and skin whitening. However, it remains unclear whether PE can inhibit ultraviolet (UV)-photodamage in HaCaT cells. In this study, an in vitro photoaging cell model was established to observe the effect of PE on UV-induced damage and the apoptosis of HaCaT cells. The aim of this study was to provide a reference for the future development of natural sunscreens.Results: PE concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μg/mL were considered the most effective and safe concentrations. Compared to that in the control group, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in the photoaging group was significantly reduced, whereas malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species content, along with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA and protein levels, were markedly increased. In contrast, Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly decreased, whereas caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax protein expression levels were significantly increased. Compared to that in the photoaging group, HaCaT cell proliferation was significantly increased in the PE group. Both PE concentrations significantly increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in cells, reduced malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species content, decreased TNF-α and IL-10 mRNA expression in cells, and reduced TNF-α and IL-10 protein levels in the supernatant. Additionally, Bcl-2 protein expression levels were significantly increased, whereas caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax protein expression levels were significantly reduced by PE treatment.Conclusions: PE can inhibit UV-induced apoptosis by inhibiting mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and regulating TNF-α and IL-10 expression.
ELF5 inhibits migration and invasion of breast cancer cells via regulating CD24 expression
Authors: Qu Xinjian , Li Qianqian , Tu Simei
Published: April 2020

Objective: E74-like factor five (ELF5) is a basic transcriptional factor that plays a key role in breast tissue and glandular development. However, the molecular mechanism by which ELF5 mediates the biological functions of breast cancer cells has not been elucidated. We hypothesize that ELF5 regulate CD24 transcription though an E26 transforming sequence (ETS) cis-element in the CD24 promoter region.Methods: Human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was transfected with Myc-ELF5 plasmid in over-expression experiment. T47D cells were transfected with ELF5-shRNA plasmid in knockout experiment. The expression level of ELF5 `protein was analyzed by Western blot. MTT assays and Clonal formation assays were used to assess the proliferation properties of cells. Scratch wound-healing assays were performed to determine cell migration and invasive activities. CD24 protein expression was analysis by flow cytometry. Using the bioinformatics tool JASPAR, we identified high-scoring ETS-like sequences in the CD24 gene promoter. To confirm the ETS, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis was used. DNA fragments of a putative or mutated ETS-like sequence were synthesized and ligated into a pGL3 basic plasmid to construct the CD24 promoter luciferase reporter systems which was used to detect ELF5 regulation of CD24 transcriptional activity.Results: In this study, we examined the effect of ELF5 on human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and T49D, and confirmed that ELF5 act as a suppressor of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In further research, the interaction between ELF5 and CD24 was characterized in breast cancer cells. We found that CD24 was a target gene of ELF5 through ChIP-Sequence assays, and proved that ELF5 could bind to ETS cis-element on the proximal promoter of CD24 gene. Importantly, experiments verified that CD24 was upregulated after ELF5 overexpression in MCF-7 cells, while knockdown of CD24 expression caused MCF-7 cells to restore cell proliferation, migration and invasion activity in adaptive ELF5 expression.Conclusions: This study not only found that ELF5 can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer cells, but also found that ELF5 induced CD24 expression by binding to the ETS cis element in the CD24 gene promoter sequence. This study provided a molecular mechanism for ELF5 to inhibit breast cancer from a new perspective, and provided further theoretical support for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
Osteopontin, Osteoprotegerin and Musculoskeletal Ultrasound findings in First-Degree Relatives of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Potential Markers of Preclinical Disease
Authors: Soliman Eiman , Ohrndorf Sarah , Zehairy Magdy , Matrawy Khaled , Alhadidy Abeer , Abdelati Abeer
Published: April 2020

Background: First-degree relatives (FDRs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are known to have increased risk of developing the disease. The detection of altered bone metabolism in FDRs could be a predictor of the disease. Preclinical phase of RA is characterized by a state of autoimmunity and inflammation. Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) is known for its ability to detect subclinical joint inflammation in RA, but changes in FDRs are not yet described.Objectives: To study serum osteopontin (OPN) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in first degree relatives (FDRs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as markers of altered bone metabolism in relation to clinical, laboratory and musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) findings. Methods: Fifty-five individuals were included, 20 had definite RA, 25 were FDRs of RA patients, and 10 healthy controls. Clinical evaluation for joint swelling/tenderness was performed for all. ESR, CRP, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-citrullinated antibodies (ACPA), OPN, OPG, and MSUS by the US7 score were evaluated.Results: OPG was significantly higher in RA (143.89 pg/ml±365.47) than in FDRs (22.23 pg/ml±65.73; p=0.009) and controls (6.20 pg/ml±12.43; p=0.003). OPN was also higher in RA (3.66 ng/ml±4.20) than in FDRs (1.97 ng/ml±1.04) and controls (2.81 ng/ml±1.31), though not significant (p=0.102). Eight of 25 FDRs (32%) had arthralgia without clinical arthritis and 17/25 (68%) were asymptomatic. FDRs with arthralgia had significantly higher ESR and CRP levels than asymptomatic FDRs (9.82 mm/h±4.13; p=0.003, and 3.93 mg/l±3.58; p=0.003). OPG was higher in FDRs than in controls, and also in those with arthralgia (51.55 pg/ml±114.68) than in those without (8.44 pg/ml±9.67), though without significant difference. OPN was higher in FDRs with arthralgia (2.09 ng/ml±1.19) than in asymptomatics (1.70 ng/ml±0.55), also without significant difference. Pathologic findings by US7 were detected in 10/25 (40%) FDRs, of which three (12%) had arthralgia and seven (28%) were asymptomatic. Conclusions: The raised OPG and lower OPN in FDRs than in controls reflect an altered bone metabolism which could precede clinical disease phase. OPN and OPG could serve as markers of altered preclinical bone metabolism in FDRs of RA. US7 score might be a useful screening tool to identify ‘at-risk’ individuals.
Porcine model of sepsis-induced systemic inflammation and acute lung injury in donor lungs
Authors: Nasir Basil Saad , Menaouar Ahmed , Landry Caroline , Germain Jean-Francois , Laplante Patrick , Sarkissian Shant Der , Liberman Moishe , Cailhier Jean-Francois , Leduc Charled , Noiseux Nicolas , Ferraro Pasquale
Published: April 2020

Background: The shortage of organ donors is a major challenge in lung transplantation. To expand the lung donor pool, ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) has emerged as a platform for assessment and reconditioning marginal donor lungs. In this study a stable and reproducible large animal model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced systemic inflammation and acute lung injury (ALI) was developed.Methods: Pigs (n=6) were anesthetized and monitored. After infusion of LPS (20 μg/kg) for 1 hour, followed by a 90-minute response period, lungs were procured and kept on ice for 2 hours, followed by 4 hours of EVLP. Pulmonary function, inflammatory biomarkers and edema formation were measured in vivo before procurement and during EVLP. Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assayed in blood and in EVLP perfusate, which were collected before and every 30 minutes after LPS administration and EVLP.Results: LPS infusion resulted in significant hemodynamic instability, characterized by marked pulmonary hypertension, decreased systemic blood pressure and increased heart rate. This was associated with increased levels of TNFα, IL-10, IL-6, but no change in IL-1β. Ex vivo assessment of injured lungs showed graft dysfunction characterized by impaired gas exchange and edema formation. The inflammatory profile showed stable but elevated TNFα levels, and continuous production of interleukins during EVLP.Conclusion: We describe a reproducible large animal model of LPS-induced systemic inflammation and ALI. EVLP alone was unable to recondition severely injured lungs. These findings suggest that the EVLP platform requires adjuncts such as targeted anti-inflammatory agents to allow reconditioning of marginal donor lungs.
Efficacy and Safety of Electro-Acupuncture (EA) on Insomnia in Patients with Lung Cancer: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yue Hongyu , Zhou Shuang , Wu Huangan , Yin Xuan , Li Shanshan , Liang Tingting , Li Yan , Fang Zhihong , Zhang Xufeng , Wang Linglin , Han Min , Chen Xiaolei , Zhang Ming , Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhangjin , Xu Shifen
Published: April 2020

Background : Cancer-related insomnia (CRI) is one of the most prevalent complaints among cancer survivors and severely impairs patients’ quality of life. As a popular non-pharmacological alternative treatment, acupuncture provides a good clinical curative effect on insomnia. The aim of this trial is to evaluate efficacy and safety of electro-acupuncture on insomnia in patients with lung cancer. Method : This is a protocol for a multicenter randomized single-blinded sham-controlled trial. We will randomly assign 252 eligible patients with lung cancer-related insomnia into two groups at a ratio of 1:1, the treatment group (EA) and the control group (sham EA). All treatment will be given 3 times per week for 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up will be conducted. The primary outcome will be measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The secondary outcomes will include sleep parameters recorded from the actigraphy, scores from Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (QLQ-C30), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). All adverse effects during the trial will be assessed by the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS). The primary outcome will be assessed at baseline, week 4, week 8, week 12 and week 20. The secondary outcomes will only be assessed at baseline and week 8. Discussion : This large-sample trial protocol will evaluate the efficacy of electro-acupuncture on insomnia in patients with lung cancer. This protocol, if proven to be effective, will contribute to filling the gap in treatment options in the CRI field and provide a promising intervention for insomnia in lung cancer survivors. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900026395, Registered 8 October 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=44068