bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Static and dynamic friction coefficients of grain crops and mineral materials
Authors: Savenkov Dmitriy , Kirischiev Oleg , Kirischieva Ylia , Vifliantceva Tatiana , Mikhailova Polina , Serduk Valentiva
Published: December 2019

There are many devices for determining the coefficients of external friction, but there are almost no devices for determining the coefficients of internal friction of bulk products. The paper considers the question of physical and mechanical characteristics of bulk materials - the coefficients of external and internal friction. The purpose of this study was to create a device for determining the friction characteristics of bulk materials and its approbation by determining the coefficients of static and dynamic friction of grain materials. The basic parameters of the installation to determine the friction characteristics of bulk materials were defined - static and dynamic, internal and external friction coefficients. The developed installation allows measurements of shear forces inside the bulk material. The relationship between the coefficient of static and dynamic friction in organic and inorganic bulk materials is revealed. Grain crops have a higher value of the dynamic coefficient of friction at a speed up to 0.215 m/s. The difference between the values of static and dynamic friction coefficients was not revealed in the specified speed range of legumes. Dynamics of change in the coefficient of friction for grain crops depending on speed is studied using the example of wheat, and for mineral materials - using the example of table salt. For a speed range of 0-0.215 m/s, the relative change in the coefficient of friction for grain crops has a polynomial regression model, for mineral materials it has a logarithmic.
Structural changes in the agri-food complex: priorities and management mechanisms
Authors: Ermolova Olga , Yakovenko Natalia , Kirsanov Vladimir , Ivanenko Irina
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and peculiarities of structural changes in the agri-food complex of Russia. The necessity of modernizing the functional and sectoral structure of the Russian agri-food complex, the transition to an innovative development model in the face of dynamic changes in the external and internal factors of the complex functioning is substantiated. The aim of the study is the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the structural modernization of the agri-food complex of Russia as a priority of its development strategy. The influence of state support and investment on the dynamics of structural indicators of the development of the complex is studied. The necessity of directing the state structural policy in the country’s agri-food complex in key areas of the complex development and increasing national competitiveness is proved. Using the input-output method, the effectiveness of state support methods was assessed, which made it possible to evaluate alternative options for the impact of stimulating final demand, volume and structure of state support for industries on GDP growth and individual industries. The tendencies of strengthening the competitive position of Russia in the global agri-food market, especially products of the processing industry, are identified. Promising areas of state regulation are identified, the main of which is the stimulation of the formation of long technological chains of added value based on vertical integration.
Pre-sowing treatment of ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L. seeds with electric field of high voltage
Authors: Yudaev Igor , Ivushkin Denis , Belitskaya Maria , Gribust Irina
Published: December 2019

Seed treatment before sowing is the basis for increasing sowing qualities, stable development and resistance of seeds to harmful organisms. Greening of production processes of forestry makes it necessary to find new methods of pre-planting treatment, which include electric impact on planting material. For the first time, materials are presented on the study of the effect of an electric field of high voltage alternating current on Robinia pseudoacacia L. seeds with the identification of optimal exposure modes that increase the sowing and growth properties of seeds.
The effect of antioxidants on the microstructure of tissues in the experimental aseptic inflammation focus
Authors: Kireev Ivan , Orobets Vladimir , Balabekov Andrei , Chukov Sergei
Published: December 2019

The results of studying the intramuscular administration effect of ethyl methylhydroxypyridine succinate are presented in the article, as well as administration of the Flunidzhekt drug and the new Antioxidant anti-inflammatory drug for animals on the course of aseptic inflammation in white laboratory mice. After provoking the inflammation by subcutaneous turpentine oil injection, experimental animals were administered intramuscularly with abovementioned pharmaceutical substances for five days. Abscessing soft tissues of white mice obtained from an inflammatory lesion were subjected to microscopic examination. Microscopy of substances obtained from animals of the control group, in which no therapeutic agents were used, established that the pathological process proceeded against the background of significant leukocyte infiltration of the affected areas. In contrast, development signs of regenerative processes were observed on microsections made from the tissues of mice that were injected with ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate. The onset of those signs was predicted by the increase in the proliferation of fibroblasts with a decrease in leukocyte infiltration. After using the “Flunidzhekt” drug, it was noted to be highly effective in suppressing the intensity of the inflammatory process. But it was also noted that the most optimal microscopic picture was observed in pathological tissues obtained from animals that used the Antioxidant anti-inflammatory drug for animals. The use of ethyl methylhydroxypyridine succinate has a positive effect on the course of the inflammatory process, helping to reduce pathological changes in tissues in the outbreak and accelerating the healing process. Moreover, the use of the Antioxidant anti-inflammatory drug for animals helps accelerate the regeneration of the outbreak and reduces the severity of its pathogenetic effects.
Fatigue performance of hydraulic unit of high-pressure plunger pump
Authors: Stepanov Valentin , Kireev Sergey , Korchagina Marina , Kaderov Haidar , Lebedev Alexei
Published: December 2019

The present paper considers a hydraulic unit of high-pressure plunger pump that relates to the main types of equipment for oil-and-gas well drilling, completing or repairing. The problem of fatigue breakdowns of hydraulic units of high-pressure plunger pumps is posed in the paper. According to the leading pump manufacturers, the main source of stress concentration in a valve casing of a pump is the edgings of crossing of cylindrical surfaces of seating fits, valves or plunger bores. The value of stresses in the concentrator zone was assessed, and values of safety coefficients of fatigue strength depending on geometric parameters of stress concentrators were compared. To solve the problem set by the leading manufacturers of pumps, the full-scale model of hydraulic unit was elaborated, stress condition and its effect on fatigue parameters of valve casing of hydraulic unit of oilfield high-pressure plunger pump were analyzed. The obtained calculation results quantitatively clarify the pattern of stress distribution in zones of stress concentration in a valve casing of hydraulic unit of a high-pressure plunger pump. Certain conclusions were made on how the parameters under consideration affect the values of fatigue stresses and on priority research directions for the problem under study.
Elements of microclimate normalization system in the cabin of TORUM grain mandy combine
Authors: Meskhi Besik , Bulygin Yuri , Shchekina Ekaterina , Maslensky Viktor
Published: December 2019

The article conducted a study of the working conditions of the combine operator, as a result of which it was revealed that the occupational hazards of an employee are unfavorable microclimate parameters. Based on the analysis of the thermal state of the combine cab during the summer and winter operation, a microclimate normalization system has been proposed, for which the main functional characteristics (cooling and heating capacity) have been determined. According to the results of the calculation, the relationship between these characteristics and the working speed of the combine is established. So, with the increase in the speed of the combine up to 20 km/h, the cooling capacity of the climate system increases by 36%, and the heat output – by 22%. The surface areas of the main elements of the microclimate normalization system (condenser and evaporator), providing the necessary performance, are also determined.
Improving the effects of laser hardening of steels by applying a longitudinally torsional ultrasonic field
Authors: Kochetov Andrey , Minakov Valentin , Fisunova Elena , Kochetov Ivan , Baryshnikova Olga
Published: December 2019

The paper is devoted to the expediency of using ultrasonic treatment in combination with laser hardening for U8, U10, X12M steels and the study of the effect of ultrasonic longitudinal and torsional acoustic vibrations on the intensification of an increase in the concentration of point defects in the crystal structure. The introduction of a longitudinal and torsional ultrasonic field by transforming longitudinal ultrasonic vibrations made it possible to form a highly concentrated effect, which led to an increase in the effects of laser hardening.
Efficiency and unity of planting and harvesting complexes in the grain subcomplex
Authors: Byshov Nikolay , Makarov Valentin , Makarova Olga , Gasparyan Svetlana , Novozhilova Zhanna
Published: December 2019

The article uses a systematic approach when considering the implementation of field work by planting and harvesting complexes. It was established that for the full use of the capabilities of these complexes at minimal cost, mechanized work must be carried out at the maximum values of the shift time utilization factors. The tabular form shows the values of the shift time utilization factors for the conditions of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia. The choice of work strategy determines the maturation rate, weather conditions, and the availability of technical equipment. Numerical compositions of planting and harvesting complexes per 1 ha are proposed, which are presented in tabular form when aggregated with tractors of class 1.4; 2; 3. Effectiveness evaluation of the complex functioning should be based on the activities of all subsystems to implement the work plan. Such an evaluation of the daily work of the complex can serve as a coefficient of work intensity equal to the ratio of the amounts of actually completed work to the planned ones. The conclusions establish ways to improve mechanized processes for planting and harvesting grain crops, and as an optimal option, the option of maximizing the use of shift time due to the introduction of new organizational and technical forms was chosen. As a result, a mathematical model for the functioning of planting and harvesting complexes in the production of grain crops for the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia, which can also be used for other regions, was developed.
Decreasing the wear of precision pairs of fuel injection equipment in diesel engines
Authors: Khokhlov Aleksey , Golubev Vladimir , Khokhlov Anton , Marin Dmitriy , Golubev Sergei
Published: December 2019

Reliable operation of a diesel engine largely depends on wearing degree of joints and assemblies of fuel injection equipment. The precision components of the high-pressure fuel pump and nozzles are most susceptible to wear. The following methods are used to reduce the wear of precision pairs of a high-pressure fuel pump: increasing the hardness of the mating parts, improving the filtering quality of the fuel and increasing the fuel lubricity. From the point of implementing easiness and obtaining the greatest effect, the most promising is improving the lubricity of motor fuel. It is possible to increase the lubricity of motor fuels by using liquid fuels of biological origin or by introducing vegetable-based fluid into commercial mineral diesel fuel, for example, cameline oil. The fuel kinematic viscosity effect on the wear of the precision pairs of the fuel injection equipment in diesel engines is theoretically substantiated. The results of bench tests of a high-pressure fuel pump for wear of plunger pairs (inner cylinder - bush bearing) during operation with mixed cameline-mineral fuel are presented.
The growing of minituber using the aerohydroponic method of potato plant cultivating
Authors: Gerieva Fatima , Basiev Soltan , Khutinaev Oleg , Basieva Alina
Published: December 2019

The article describes a new method of accelerated reproduction of the original seed material developed at the Lorch Potato Research Institute. The technological process is based on the cultivation of plants under aerohydroponic conditions using biotechnological modules -AHM (aerohydroponic module), which is based on the use of the aerohydroponic method of plant nutrition [1, 2, 3]. The results of testing the aerohydroponic method of growing minitubers in the spring-summer period under natural lighting conditions are presented.
Features of puberty in female African Clary catfish in high-tech industrial aquaculture
Authors: Romanova Elena , Mukhitova Minzifa , Romanov Vasiliy , Lyubomirova Vaselina , Shadieva Ludmila , Shlenkina Tatyana
Published: December 2019

There is a growing interest in African Clary catfish as a perspective object of industrial fishery in the Russian aquaculture in the last decade. This interest is due to the high growth rate of Clary catfish, its delicious meat and valuable caviar. This species has multiport spawning, so it is possible to get caviar from catfish several times a year. However, in high-tech industrial system of fish breeding, biology of fishes is modified, so that the African Clary catfish loses the ability to reproduce and produce full roe. For reproduction and production of full roe in industrial aquaculture, artificial spawning technologies are used with the use of hormonal drugs that induce the maturation of reproductive cells. The study is devoted to the dynamics of puberty in female African Clary catfish to identify the starting age of its possible use in the reproductive process and in the production of caviar. The results showed that at the age of 8 months, the reproductive system of females reached maturity, females were able to reproduce posterity. However, its reproductive performance in this period, in particular caviar productivity, was very low. The age of 12 months can be considered the starting age for caviar production. Caviar productivity continued to grow, reaching a maximum at the age of 18-24 months, and depended on the weight of females. Working fertility of females and gonadosomatic index at the age of 12-24 months were characterized by increasing dynamics. The size and weight of oocytes during this period reached definitive sizes.
Areas of development strategy for the regional agribusiness management system
Authors: Semkin Alexander , Alpatov Anton , Voronin Evgeniy , Belyakova Ksenia
Published: December 2019

This paper discusses the methodological aspects and directions of the regional agribusiness development strategy related to the justification of the strategic management object, assessment of its status, trends and patterns of functioning, the formulation of a hypothesis and concept for the development of the economic system and its individual elements, the choice of methods and tools for developing the strategy, which reveal an approach to assessing the development prospects of a managed subsystem. The assessment of the current state and functioning of the management system at the state and economic level in the field of implementation of program measures for the development of the digital economy and promising areas of its implementation at the regional level is given. The priority principles of building development management in the field of regional agribusiness using elements of the digital economy are substantiated. Ways and methods of implementing the management system in the information space of the digital economy are outlined, where, on the basis of sound methods and forms, the processes of modernization of the management system that contribute to the development of the economy of the sub-sector and rural areas are formed and functioning.
Varieties of atypical lymph nodes of water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
Authors: Artemeva Elena , Chekarova Irina
Published: December 2019

The morphology and topography of atypical lymph nodes of Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) is described for the first time. The aim of this work was to study the structural organization of atypical lymph nodes in water deer. Fresh organ samples were taken from 5 adult water deer. Samples are fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin wax (Hystomix). Stain serial sections, 4-5 μm thick, are stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s trichrome stain, Gomori’s silver impregnation stain. Atypical lymph nodes in Korean water deer are located on the trachea along the jugular vein and under the trachea on the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein. The nodes are localized on the adipose tissue of the pericardium in the thoracic cavity, as well as directly on the aortic arch. In the abdominal cavity, nodes are located along the caudal cava and abdominal aorta, as well as in the connective tissue layers of the pancreas. Organs have a dark red color, oval or round shape, its size - from millet grain to peas. Atypical lymph nodes are heterogeneous organs that differ not only from the usual lymph nodes, but also from each other, both in the type of bringing vessels and some features of the structure. Based on a detailed morphological study, atypical lymph nodes in the abdominal cavity were subdivided into 3 types: 1) hemolymphatic nodes; 2) venous hemal nodes and 3) arterial hemal nodes.
Assessing the factors of regional innovation environment on the basis of institutional approach
Authors: Snigiriva Galina , Davydova Julia , Domracheva Larisa
Published: December 2019

The article deals with a new method of assessing the factors of the regional innovation environment. The method is based on the assessment of three fundamental factors: legal, infrastructure, economic. The theoretical significance of the study is due to the contribution to the development of methods for assessing the factors of development of the innovative environment of the regions on the basis of the index method, taking into account the expert opinions of innovators. The purpose of the study is to develop a mechanism for regulating the development of regional innovation environment on the basis of the author’s method-Index APPROX. The research methodology consists of economic and statistical methods, methods of expert assessments, correlation and regression analysis and index method. The result of the research is formed organizational and economic mechanism of regulation of regional innovation environment development on the basis of the method-Index PRIM, taking into account the assessment of innovators, in order to increase the level of regional innovation potential as a factor of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation. On the basis of this mechanism, the author’s algorithm of managerial decision-making in order to improve the management of innovative potential of Russian regions is proposed.
Combined machine for preparing soil for cropping of melons and gourds
Authors: Mirzaev B , MaMatov F , Chuyanov D , Ravshanov H , Shodmonov G , Tavashov R , Fayzullayev X
Published: December 2019

The most important link in the system of measures to ensure a high culture of agriculture and obtaining high yields of melons and gourds is tillage. Success in the cultivation of melons and gourds largely depends on the period and quality of tillage, and tillage depends on the methods of its implementation and the perfection of machine design. The aim of the study is to justify the optimal design of the energy-resource-saving combined machine for preparing the soil for sowing of melons and gourds, and the parameters of its carcasses based on the theory of the interaction of carcasses with the soil layer. The paper proposed a new technology for preparing the soil for sowing melons and gourds in a single pass of the unit, including loosening the aisle between adjacent planting zones, simultaneous formation of irrigation furrow by turning the layers of the planting zone relative to each other, strip loosening the subsurface soil layers and preparing the soil for sowing seeds along the sowing line. The paper presents the design of the developed combined machine for the implementation of the proposed technology. The types and mutual arrangement of the working parts of the machine are theoretically justified. It has been established that with a longitudinal distance from the toe of the plowshare of the combination unit to a flat-cutter 35.1 cm, a longitudinal distance between flat-cutters 42.3 cm and a minimum longitudinal distance between the support wheel and a flat-cutter 24.1 cm, the field is prepared for sowing of melons with minimal costs energy.
Three-dimensional modelling technology for computer science education
Authors: Qosimov Jahongir , Kuchkarova Dilorom , Nasritdinova Umida , Nigmanov Raxmatilla , Edilboyev Unarbek
Published: December 2019

The article describes the technology of imitation modelling of the educational process using a three-dimensional modelling tool in teaching computer graphics. Based on this technology, a method, a system of teaching methodologies, tools and methodologies have been developed. In addition, mathematical and statistical analysis of the implementation of this technology in the learning process and the results are obtained.
Prolamin electrophoresis method for assessing the varietal qualities of oat seeds
Authors: Lyubimova Anna , Eremin Dmitry
Published: December 2019

The oat is one of the most widely cultivated crops in Western Siberia. One of the factors for obtaining stable grain crops is the use of high-quality seeds for sowing. To control the varietal purity and constancy of the biotypic composition of cereal varieties, the method of electrophoresis of storage proteins - prolamins is successfully used. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the prolamin electrophoresis method for laboratory varietal control of oat using the example of varieties cultivated in the Tyumen region. Eighteen varieties of oats were analyzed, which are included in the State register of selection achievements in the region from 1929 to 2019. It was found that of the 26 genotypes, only 11 were sort-specific. Seven groups of varieties with identical types of prolamin spectra were found. The number of samples with individual types of avenin spectra at different time periods was not the same. Until 1970, from 25.0 to 33.3% of genotypes were characterized by variety-specific spectra. Later, with the advent of new varieties in the region, the number of genotypes with individual types of spectra increased and reached 100.0% by 2019. This makes it possible to accurately distinguish modern varieties of oats from each other, to carry out varietal identification and assessment of varietal purity. It is necessary to have up-to-date databases of reference spectra of varieties cultivated in the region and, in the case of varieties with identical types of spectra, assess varietal affiliation and varietal purity using other marker systems.
Accumulating capacity of different varieties of rapeseed under conditions of anthropogenic pollution of soils by heavy metals
Authors: Elizareva E , Yanbaev Yu , Redkina N , Kudashkina N , Elizaryev A , Khamidullin I
Published: December 2019

The results of a study of the content of heavy metals in the soil, underground and elevated parts of three varieties of rapeseed grown on soil samples from reference and anthropogenically disturbed sites are presented. Under the conditions of increasing chemical pollution, a decrease in the level of accumulation and transition of heavy metals has been established, which indicates the presence of protective mechanisms that begin to work in the area with high content of toxicants in the soil. According to a set of indicators characterizing the phytoremediation potential (resistance to loads, accumulating abilities), the Highlight variety is preferable for phytostabilization of sites contaminated with heavy metals.
Fastening cargo on railway rolling stock
Authors: Turanov Habibulla , Ruzmetov Yadgor , Dobychin Ivan
Published: December 2019

Subject: Fastening of cargo on the car. Topic: Calculation of load shift, elongation and forces in elastic elements of fasteners. Purpose: Describe the parameters of the load and the physical and geometric parameters of the load fastening; give the results of the calculation of the longitudinal forces perceived by the elements of the load fastening; describe the sequence of the calculation of forces in the elastic elements of the fastening according to the recommended formulas. Research methods: The article uses the basic law of dynamics in relative motion for the non-ideal connection known from theoretical mechanics. Main results: The results of the calculation of the longitudinal forces perceived by the load fastening elements, which allowed determining the load shifts along the car, elongation and forces in the flexible fastening elements are presented. Main application of the results: Example calculation contributes to the practical application of a new method of calculating the elements of fastening on the car in the development of schemes of placement and fastening of goods of arbitrary geometry. Conclusions: The results of calculations revealed that the accepted value of the coefficient of longitudinal dynamics of the car corresponds to the shunting collision of the car on the hump yard in the marshalling yards. In this case, additional means of fastening, such as fasteners (nails), are used to ensure the safety of transportation, the safety of the transported cargo and parts of the rolling stock. At the same time, if the shape of the cargo and the useful area of the car allows, you can increase the number of fasteners, otherwise – the number of elastic fastening elements, and sometimes perform both.
System for material selection on the price and quality
Authors: Makienko Viktor , Romanov Igor , Ateniaev Alexander , Sokolov Pavel
Published: December 2019

This work suggests a methodological approach to selection of material according to the “price and quality” criterion on the basis of functional and mathematical definitions of indicators of reliability of machine parts. The reliability of components, as an indivisible element of the system, determines the reliability of the material proceeding from its quality.
Autonomous power supply of railway automation devices
Authors: Sergeyev Boris , Sisin Valeriy , Akkerman Gennadiy
Published: December 2019

The throughput of railway section determines the number of trains traveled through it in a normalized time. On such sections of the railway, trains of various lengths are moving. At the same time, existing design methods provide maximum throughput for a railway section for only one train length. To optimize the throughput of the railway section, it is possible to use auto block system with a variable number of block sections on the railway haul. This leads to additional significant hardware and finance costs, including for providing electric power to additional equipment. To use of a low power, autonomous power supply allows the elimination high-voltage power lines for microprocessor optional equipment of block system with a variable number of block sections. The principle of operation of an autonomous power supply uses the mechanical energy of the moving wheelsets of the train cars, which move on section of the railway. Moving the ferromagnetic material of the wheelsets above the permanent magnet of an autonomous power source converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The organization of electrical power supply of microprocessor optional equipment of auto block system from converted mechanical energy of wheels reduces capital investment and operating costs for the implementation of innovative transportation management methods.
Pathology of cells and tissues of the gastrointestinal tract of African catfish in high-tech industrial aquaculture
Authors: Spirina E , Romanova E , Romanov V , Lyubomirova V , Shadyeva L , Shlenkina T , Rakova L
Published: December 2019

There is a possibility of developing a pathological process in the body of fish in the conditions of high-tech industrial aquaculture and at high planting densities, creating chronic stress. Histological studies allow early detection of the initial stages of possible pathology at the cellular level. The studies have shown that apparently healthy individuals of African catfish grown in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) revealed pathology of cells and tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. They had edema of the internal muscle layer of the stomach and intestines, detachment of the epithelial layer from the gastric mucosa, violation of the structural organization of gastric fields on histological sections. Thinning of intestinal villus, reduction of their length and branching, violation of their structure up to destruction were also revealed. The study of the tissues of the stomach and intestines was carried out using a research motorized universal microscope Axio Imager.M2 (Carl Zeiss, Germany). To correct the pathological process, the experimental group of fish received a “sporothermin” probiotic with feed, which belongs to the probiotics of the last generation. It is an antagonist of a wide range of pathogenic and opportunistic microbiota and is used as an alternative to antibiotics. The composition of “sporothermin” includes spore forms of bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, which in the gastrointestinal tract of fish turn into vegetative forms. Bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are not representatives of the intestinal microbiocenosis of the African catfish, but they regulate its structure by reducing the level of pathogenic and opportunistic microbiota. Pathology of cells and tissues of the gastrointestinal tract have been identified in the fish of the experimental group treated with the sporothermin probiotic.
The impact of monetary policy on the development of the agricultural sector economic
Authors: Kopteva Lyudmila , Kashintseva Valentina
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the problematic issues of creating a single monetary policy and a single electronic monetary sign on the territory of the countries of the Eurasian economic Union. The problems that complicate the transition to a single currency, including differences in macroeconomic indicators characterizing the economic development of the EAEU member States, are shown. The proposed currency integration should become an integral part of the common currency policy of the member States of currency integration, as well as in the functioning and interaction of interstate organizations engaged in interstate currency regulation Currency and, which will be an objective assessment for the formation of index systems using different single currencies is justified. In this economic situation, the Russian financial market is unstable and vulnerable, as is the Russian ruble. Therefore, we need a very careful approach to the creation of a single currency, to the development of the financial market, to the functioning of a single emission center, to a single coordinated financial policy to approach comprehensively, carefully and with a high degree of responsibility. Undoubtedly, in the territory of the EAEU, there is a need to form a unified, independent monetary policy and tighten cross-border capital flows. It is necessary to issue a single currency in the EAEU. But this decision requires a serious approach, legislation and technical resources. At the moment, the EAEU has not created conditions for monetary and financial integration, there are problems in the economic integration of the participating countries, different levels of development of their economies, instability of national currencies. The EAEU member States need a common strategy for the development of integration, a lending model, an economic development plan for the alignment of national economies, as well as a plan for coordination of activities in the monetary sphere. The article shows issues of the introduction of the single currency and its impact on the prospects of development of the agro-industrial complex of the EAEU countries are considered.
Potential utilization of Botriococcus braunii and Nannochloropsis microalgae as a biodiesel source in Indonesia
Authors: Fithriani D , Melanie S
Published: December 2019

In recent years the ability of microalgae to accumulate triglycerides has motivated researchers to explore microalgae as a biodiesel source. Biodiesel is fuel from vegetable oils and animal fats that have properties resembling diesel oil. This study was aimed to determine the potential utilization of microalgae Botryococcus braunii and Nannochloropsis as raw material for biodiesel. Microalgae biomass with pH of 7 was extracted using supercritical CO2 devices. Microalgae biomass was treated with flowing liquid CO2 and a pressure of 90 psi at a temperature of 70°C. The super critical CO2 could extract 13.5% and 3% of oil from Nannochloropsis and B. braunii, respectively. Using GCMS, the oil from Nannochloropsis and B. braunii contained 22.23% and 15.78% of palmitic acid.
Selection of intensive shrimp farming technology for small farmers with analytical hierarchy process: a case for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Zulkarnain R , Adiyana K , Waryanto  , Nugroho H , Nugraha B , Thesiana L , Supriyono E
Published: December 2019

Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the important aquaculture commodities. This is due to high demand and farming with high stock densities. However, whiteleg shrimp farming is generally large scale, so that farmers with small capital cannot carry out business activities. In this paper, an intensive assessment of four whiteleg shrimp technologies has been carried out with seven criteria. Four intensive shrimp farming technologies are biofloc technology, supra intensive, shrimp farming in mini scale with tarpaulin (BUSMETIK), and Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS). Seven criteria that used in the assessment are affordability of capital and operational costs on a mini scale, minimum land area for shrimp farming, dependence on the location of raw water sources, environmental friendly, productivity, energy consumption, and biosecurity. The assessment was carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to assess the compatibility of different technologies to low investment. The results of the AHP method show that RAS is ranked first for intensive shrimp farming technology for small farmers. Then followed by supra intensive, BUSMETIK and biofloc technology. Most of the criteria used in the AHP calculation are the advantages that RAS is very suitable for small farmers.
Life history and length base spawning potential ratio (LBSPR) of malabar snapper Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) in western of South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Ernawati T , Budiarti T W
Published: December 2019

Lutjanus malabaricus is an economically important fish species having high market demand especially in Indonesia and the Asian region. Due to over exploitation this species is collapsing. Accordingly, it is important to understand their status. This study was aimed to assess its status according to their life history parameters in Western of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. We recorded length and maturity stage of L. malabaricus from Sumpang Binange (Barru) landing base which landed by bottom-longliners. The data were collected from 2018 to 2019 in as daily sampling. The spawning potential ratio (SPR) was analyzed using LBSPR method and considering the uncertainties. We found that the growth coefficient (K), length asymptotic (L∞) and natural mortality (M) were 0.245 year−1, 73.98 cm of total length and 0.323 respectively. Length at maturity in 50% level (L50) was 41.35 cm and 95% level (L95) was 53.2 cm. Based on these parameters and determining uncertainties resulted the stochastic SPR is mostly met to the threshold of reference point at level 30%. It means that stock status of L.malabaricus is at the optimum level.
Characteristics of Gracilaria sp. residue of seaweed sap extraction with extraction time treatment
Authors: Nurhayati  , Basmal J , Kusumawati R , Melanie S
Published: December 2019

Seaweed sap has now been widely used as an organic fertilizer manufacturing material. The simple extraction process of seaweed sap allows the reuse of seaweed residue. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of extraction time of Gracilaria sp. sap extraction to the characteristics of the residue. The extraction process was done with a variation in the extraction time of 0 (5 minutes), 2, 4, and 6 hours. Then, seaweed residue was obtained after the extraction seaweed sap was dried. The observed parameters were the yield, moisture, ash, and fat content of the seaweed residue. The results of the analysis were compared to dried Gracilaria sp. without seaweed sap extraction. The results show that the dried seaweed residue of all treatment had different moisture, ash, and fat content with the seaweed control. The highest yield of seaweed residue was obtained from the treatment 0 (5 minutes) hour of extraction (52.16%) with a moisture content of 10.41%, ash content of 12.39%, and fat content of 0.30%. These seaweed residues could potentially be used as biocomposite materials.
Application of halophilic bacteria in traditional solar salt pond: a preliminary study
Authors: Chasanah E , Pratitis A , Ambarwati D , Fithriani D , Susilowati R , Marihati
Published: December 2019

Microbial community in salt ponds have an important role in salt quality production. One of important microorganisms is halophilic bacteria and archaea which has been reported to positively correlated with salt quality. This manuscript reported a preliminary study on application of the halophylic bacteria consortia on to traditional salt pond in Pati. An amount of 0.5% (v/v) of the halophilic bacterial consortia was applied in 20 Baume (Be) salt pond sizing 20 m3. After the saltwater reached 25 Be, the halophilic-treated saltwater was moved to the crystallization pond. Salt has been harvested by scrubbing cristal salt manually after 3-5 days, the time used by salt farmers in Pati. Yield, NaCl content, salt impurities, crystal whiteness, and compactness were parameters studied in this trial. Salt produced from pond interfered with halophilic bacteria consortia had higher NaCl content by 2%, lower content of impurities (Mg and Ca) and higher whiteness degree. SEM analysis showed that crystal salt produced from halophilic pond showed more compact, cubical form compared to the crystal salt from untreated pond which was more fragile. However, the yield of salt produced was not different between treated and untreated pond.
Homogeneity and stability of a secondary microbiological reference material candidate for Salmonella in fish matrix
Authors: Kurniawati E , Ibrahim B , Desniar
Published: December 2019

Reference material (RM) is defined as a material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties which has been established to be fit for its intended use in a measurement process. RM is one of the tools used to assess laboratory performance on an ongoing basis, as quality control in conducting testing and can be used to calibrate an equipment and to validate or verify the testing method. Currently microbiological reference materials with fish matrices are not much available so that there is a need for RM with fisheries matrices specification. Comprehensive studies of homogeneity and stability are need to be able to develop of any reference material. Initially, a feasibility study revealed a suitable processing procedure for fish matrix, the fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis, freeze-drying, and milling. Microbiological reference material with fish matrix were shown to be sufficiently homogeneous, and storage at temperatures of -20°C for 4 weeks statistically showed the effect of storage time (P value that was significant at 5% significance level). These results provide the basis for the development of a RM for Salmonella in fish matrix.
Identification polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Banyuasin river estuary, South Sumatera
Authors: Putri W A E , Purwiyanto A I S , Fauziyah  , Agustriani F
Published: December 2019

The Banyuasin river estuary is an aquatic area located on the east coast of south Sumatera and receives waste input from activities along with the river flow. One of organic pollutants that toxicate marine life is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study was aimed to identify and determine the concentration of PAHs in seawater and sediment samples from Banyuasin river estuary. A sampling of seawater and sediment was carried out in July 2018. Seawater samples were taken using water sampler and sediment samples were taken using grab at 5 research stations. The concentration of PAHs was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector. The results showed that the PAH content in the seawater ranged from 92.34 to 320.09 ppb while the content of PAHs in the sediment ranges from 3.16-23.28 ppb. Overall, the PAHs content in the seawater Banyuasin river estuary had exceeded the threshold limit value stated by the Indonesian Ministry of Environment, which was 3 ppb or 0.003 ppm
In vitro evaluation of face mask containing extract and biomass of Spirulina platensis and its antibacterial activity
Authors: Setyaningsih I , Sari N I , Tarman K , Manurung N , Safithri M
Published: December 2019

Spirulina is a potential source of bioactive compounds and recently used in skincare products. The aim of the research was to determine characteristics and antibacterial activity of face mask containing extract and biomass of Spirulina platensis. S. platensis was cultivated indoor at 28°C, using modified media, and lighting intensity of 2500 lux. The S. platensis biomass was extracted using ethanol. The crude extracts and biomass of the Spirulina were used in the face mask formulation. The characteristic and antibacterial activity of the face mask was observed. The face mask containing extract and biomass of Spirulina had the viscosity of 7306.7±9.2 cP, pH of 6, spreadability of 1.1 mm, homogenous, green color, and semisolid. The face mask was able to inhibit Propionibacterium acnes with a diameter of inhibition zone was 10±0.4 mm. The antibacterial activity was due to the presence of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and phenol in S. platensis extract. This research promotes the developing of marine natural products as cosmeceutical ingredient.
Diet composition and trophic niche similarities of engraulid fishes in Pabean bay, Indramayu, Indonesia
Authors: Syafei L S , Siregar R S , Rahardjo M F , Simanjuntak C P H
Published: December 2019

A study on the trophic ecology of fishes is one of the approaches to acquire a better understanding of fish feeding strategies, prey inclinations, niche competition and increase knowledge on the working of marine biological system. The present work aims to determine diet composition and trophic niche overlap among species of engraulid fishes in the coastal area of Pabean. Sampling was performed monthly from April 2016 to March 2017 and fishes were captured using gill nets and guiding barriers. During research period, seven species of engraulid were collected, namely Thryssa hamiltonii (with total length ranged from 47-186 mm), Thryssa mystax (53-151 mm), Thryssa kammalensis (66-112 mm), Thryssa setirostris (106-132 mm), Stolephorus indicus (54-133 mm), Stolephorus dubiosus (56-75 mm) and Stolephorus tri (66-91 mm). Prey of fishes were classified into four taxonomic groups i.e., Bacillariophyceae, Polychaeta, Crustacea and Pisces. Crustacea was the most consumed category (IRI>90%), recorded for all species of engraulid fishes, followed by Bacillariophyceae (<10%), polychaeta and fish juveniles (<5%). This finding indicates that all engraulid fishes in Pabean waters are crustasivore. Inter-specific feeding overlap was high, indicates that feeding competition among engraulid fishes tends to be high when food resources is decreased.
Pepsin activity from gastric of milkfish and catfish in Indonesian Waters
Authors: Nurhayati T , Ambarsari L , Nurilmala M , Abdullah A , Rakhmawati I A I , Yuniasih
Published: December 2019

Pepsin is the main protease enzyme in the gastric including the gastric of the fish. The enzyme has many benefits for both food and non-food. The purpose of this study was to determined the pepsin activity of the catfish and milkfish. The study was divided into 2 stages, namely pepsin extraction stage and pepsin characterization. The results showed that pepsin from milkfish and catfish can be extracted properly using tris-Cl buffer with the activity of 526.5 U/mL (catfish) and 397 U/mL (milkfish). The pepsin isolated from the gastric of catfish and milkfish can work well at a temperature range of 20-40°C and pH 1-3. Pepsin from the gastric of catfish had Km = 0.3333 mM and Vmax = 1666.6667 mmol/s. Pepsin from milkfish has Km = 0.091 and Vmax = 909,091 mmol/s.
Identification of active compounds from lindur root plants (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) as α-glucosidase inhibitors
Authors: Dia S P S , Nurjanah  , Jacoeb A M
Published: December 2019

Lindur (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) is a plant that contains bioactive sources for antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitors. The α-glucosidase inhibitors are inhibitors of the α-glucosidase enzyme involved in digestion in the intestine. This study aimed to determine and select the potential inhibitory activity of the α-glucosidase enzyme from the crude extract of lindur by in vitro. This research was carried out through several studies that involved multilevel extraction. testing α-glucosidase inhibitors from crude extracts of lindur root. Fractionated from active extracts of lindur used thin layer chromatography (TLC) & preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC). and combined compositions bioactive from the most active fraction. The highest yield was obtained from root ethanol extract which was 4.68. Ethanol extract of stem and root bark had an activity of α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors calculated by IC50 values 171.31 ppm and 153.07 ppm. The fractionation results used preparative (PTLC) showed 5 fractions in crude ethanol root extract. Fraction 1 with Rf 0.15 had the most potential activity of α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors (161.05 ppm). Identification chemical composition used by Gas Chromatography Spectrometry (GC-MS) showed the composition contained in the fraction 1 of the root ethanol extract mostly (similar to> 90%) was hexadecanoic acid or palmitic acid and phenol.