bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Virtue Ethics Interpretation of the ‘Argument from Nature’ for Both Humans and the Environment
Authors: Kirkham Nin
Published: January 2024

Appeals to the moral value of nature and naturalness are commonly used in debates about technology and the environment and to inform our approach to the ethics of technology and the environment more generally. In this paper, I will argue, firstly, that arguments from nature, as they are used in debates about new technologies and about the environment, are misinterpreted when they are understood as attempting to put forward categorical objections to certain human activities and, consequently, their real significance is often overlooked. Secondly, arguments from nature, particularly as they are used in the context of debates over the use of new technologies, can be understood as appealing to human nature as a way to determine human limitations. Thirdly, arguments from nature can inform our discussion of what it is to be a human being or a person, and this kind of discussion can, in turn, inform our ethical deliberations in such areas of bioethics as euthanasia, abortion, etc. Finally, I conclude that a proper understanding of these arguments can help in establishing which virtues and which vices relate to our relationship with the non-human world—that is, which character dispositions are relevant to an environmental virtue ethics, with human nature as its foundation. A proper understanding of the argument from nature provides the basis for a ‘virtuously anthropocentric’ environmental ethics.
Characterization of Rhizosphere Microbial Diversity and Selection of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria at the Flowering and Fruiting Stages of Rapeseed
Authors: Wang Mengjiao , Sun Haiyan , Xu Zhimin
Published: January 2024

Plant rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in modulating plant growth and productivity. This study aimed to elucidate the diversity of rhizosphere microorganisms at the flowering and fruiting stages of rapeseed (Brassica napus). Microbial communities in rhizosphere soils were analyzed via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA for bacteria and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) DNA regions for fungi. A total of 401 species of bacteria and 49 species of fungi in the rhizosphere soil samples were found in three different samples. The composition and diversity of rhizosphere microbial communities were significantly different at different stages of rapeseed growth. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) have been widely applied to improve plant growth, health, and production. Thirty-four and thirty-one PGPR strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil samples collected at the flowering and fruiting stages of rapeseed, respectively. Different inorganic phosphorus- and silicate-solubilizing and auxin-producing capabilities were found in different strains, in addition to different heavy-metal resistances. This study deepens the understanding of the microbial diversity in the rapeseed rhizosphere and provides a microbial perspective of sustainable rapeseed cultivation.
Biopolymeric Nanocomposites for Wastewater Remediation: An Overview on Recent Progress and Challenges
Authors: Annu Annu , Mittal Mona , Tripathi Smriti , Shin Dong Kil
Published: January 2024

Essential for human development, water is increasingly polluted by diverse anthropogenic activities, containing contaminants like organic dyes, acids, antibiotics, inorganic salts, and heavy metals. Conventional methods fall short, prompting the exploration of advanced, cost-effective remediation. Recent research focuses on sustainable adsorption, with nano-modifications enhancing adsorbent efficacy against persistent waterborne pollutants. This review delves into recent advancements (2020–2023) in sustainable biopolymeric nanocomposites, spotlighting the applications of biopolymers like chitosan in wastewater remediation, particularly as adsorbents and filtration membranes along with their mechanism. The advantages and drawbacks of various biopolymers have also been discussed along with their modification in synthesizing biopolymeric nanocomposites by combining the benefits of biodegradable polymers and nanomaterials for enhanced physiochemical and mechanical properties for their application in wastewater treatment. The important functions of biopolymeric nanocomposites by adsorbing, removing, and selectively targeting contaminants, contributing to the purification and sustainable management of water resources, have also been elaborated on. Furthermore, it outlines the reusability and current challenges for the further exploration of biopolymers in this burgeoning field for environmental applications.
Improving the Feedforward Component for Recent Variants of Predictive Functional Control
Authors: Rossiter John Anthony , Abdullah Muhammad , Aftab Muhammad Saleheen
Published: January 2024

A recent study demonstrated that the use of feedforward information with conventional Predictive Functional Control (PFC) leads to unexpected inconsistencies, with subsequent negative impacts on tuning and behaviour. A proposal was made to define the coincident point differently and shown to reduce the lag in the closed-loop PFC responses and applied to some systems with benign dynamics. Other recent work has looked at parameterisations of the future input to deal with challenging open-loop dynamics and significantly extended the range of problems for which PFC can be effective. This paper combines the two concepts, and thus proposes an algorithm that has both more effective and simple tuning than original PFC as well as being applicable to a range of challenging dynamics.
Recent Advances in Reservoir Stimulation and Enhanced Oil Recovery Technology in Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Lufeng , Pan Linhua , Zou Yushi , Wang Jie , Li Minghui , Feng Wei
Published: January 2024

In the past decade, significant advances in reservoir stimulation and enhanced oil recovery technologies have resulted in rapid production growth in unconventional reservoirs [...]
Adsorption of Pesticides on Activated Carbons from Peach Stones
Authors: Harabi Souha , Guiza Sami , Álvarez-Montero Ariadna , Gómez-Avilés Almudena , Bagané Mohamed , Belver Carolina , Bedia Jorge
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes the adsorption of two model pesticides, namely, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and carbofuran on activated carbons obtained by chemical activation with phosphoric acid of peach stones. The effect of the synthesis conditions on the surface area development was analyzed. The highest surface area was obtained with an impregnation time of 5 h, an impregnation ratio equal to 3.5, an activation temperature of 400 °C, and 4.5 h of activation time. Under these conditions, the maximum specific surface area was equal to 1182 m2·g−1 which confirms the high porosity of the activated carbon, predominantly in the form of micropores. The surface chemistry of this activated carbon was also characterized using pH at point of zero charge, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Both kinetics and equilibrium adsorption tests were performed. Adsorption kinetics confirmed that 2,4-D adsorption follows a pseudo first-order adsorption kinetic model, while carbofuran adsorption is better described by a pseudo second-order one. Regarding the equilibrium adsorption, a higher adsorption capacity is obtained for 2,4-D than carbofuran (c.a. 500 and 250 mg·g−1, respectively). The analysis of the thermodynamics and characterization after use suggest a predominantly physisorption nature of the process.
Bestiary Imagery in Hebrew Manuscripts of the Thirteenth Century
Authors: Cohen Adam S.
Published: January 2024

In medieval bestiaries, knowledge about animals and their behavior is regularly given a Christian moral interpretation. This article explores the use of imagery related to the bestiary tradition in three Hebrew books made around the year 1300, focusing especially on the richly decorated Rothschild Pentateuch (Los Angeles, Getty Museum MS 116). These Hebrew books signal how bestiary knowledge and its visual expression could be adapted to enrich the experience of medieval Jewish reader-viewers, adding to our understanding of Jewish-Christian interactions in medieval Europe.
Family Determinants of Religiosity of People in Emerging Adulthood in Poland
Authors: Marek Mateusz , Gurba Ewa
Published: January 2024

The primary aim of this study was to determine the relation between the religiosity of individuals in emerging adulthood and the way they perceive the religiosity of their parents. In the literature, there are conflicting accounts concerning this relationship. In order to determine the nature of this relation among young Poles, 215 students (154 female, 56 male, 5 other) aged 19–27 were surveyed. It was tested whether parental attitudes, closeness to parents, and parents’ religiosity are predictors of the students’ religiosity. The results of this study indicate that there is a strong correlation between the students’ level of religiosity and their mothers’ assessment of religiosity, and a moderate correlation with their fathers’ assessment of religiosity. As the correlation analysis shows, there is a positive association between the religiosity of people in the emerging adulthood period and the protective attitude on the part of the mother and the sense of closeness to the father. There is an interaction between the attitude of acceptance on the part of the mother and the religiousness of the mother in predicting the religiousness of the students.
Institutional Trust, Spirituality, and Religious Practice in the United States
Authors: Gemar Adam
Published: January 2024

This study explores the relationship between institutional trust and elements of religion in contemporary American society. Using a nationally representative survey, we utilize latent class and regression analyses to assess the contours of these relationships. Our findings reveal a diverse institutional trust profile, with pronounced distrust in democratic institutions, especially Congress, although the group with low institutional trust is the smallest one within the society. While trust in religious institutions, and to an extent broader institutional trust, predict religiosity, this is less so with the case of spirituality. Institutional trust similarly shows modest positive relationships to public religious practice, while a clear negative relationship to private religious practice. Interpreting these findings through the lens of secularization and privatization of religion, we hope to provide a strong empirical contribution to the literature regarding intersections of institutional trust and the evolving religious and spiritual orientations of today’s American landscape.
Fear and Distress: How Can We Measure the Impact of Technology-Facilitated Abuse in Relationships?
Authors: Brown Cynthia , Hegarty Kelsey
Published: January 2024

Technology-facilitated abuse in relationships (TAR) is a relatively new form of intimate partner violence. Research exploring the impact of TAR on young people is limited, and while robust measures of TAR itself are emerging, measures of TAR impact lack evidence of validity. A mixed-methods approach was used to establish preliminary face and content validity for the measurement of TAR impact. Youth discussion groups (n = 38) revealed that (1) distress is favored over upset as a preferred measure of TAR impact, and (2) fear is an appropriate impact measure for some TAR behaviors. In an online survey, frontline practitioners (n = 171) perceived and subsequently rated a total of 54 TAR behaviors in the upper half of the severity range on fear and distress, with 6 behaviors ranking among each of the top 10 most fear- and distress-inducing behaviors. These findings provide evidence of both face and content validity for the use of fear and distress measures when seeking to understand the impact of TAR. Scholars, practitioners, and educators alike can use this evidence to enhance the validity of investigations into TAR and its impact, to support victims of TAR, and to improve TAR education among youth.
Olive Tree Physiology and Productivity Responses under No-Tillage or Digestate Amendment in an Acid Clay Soil
Authors: Pittarello Marco , Dattola Antonio , Gullo Gregorio , Badagliacca Giuseppe , Monti Michele , Gelsomino Antonio
Published: January 2024

In Mediterranean countries characterized by increasingly extended hot and dry periods, olive trees are often conventionally practiced in low fertility and rainfed soils. This study investigated over a 15-month period how conventional tillage, combined with or without incorporated solid digestate, and no tillage affected selected soil properties, photosynthetic activity and productivity of mature olive trees growing in highly clayey acid soil with an unbalanced nutrient content and Mn excess. Neither in soil nor in drupes were Mn, Fe, Cu and Al contents affected by the managements. However, in soil, exchangeable Mn that was always larger than 200 mg kg−1 threshold and unbalanced Ca, Mg, and K contents were evidenced in all treatments. Non-tilled soil showed the highest (p < 0.05) stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate, and the highest (p < 0.05) fruits and oil yields. Instead, conventional tillage negatively (p < 0.05) affected plant physiology and productivity, likely due to the tilled increase in aeration, enhancing soil water loss and organic C mineralization. Conversely, digestate addition increased TOC, TN and EC. Stomatal conductance, the photosynthetic rate and plant yield significantly recovered (albeit not to no-tillage values) in tillage combined with incorporated digestate, suggesting that digestate-derived organic matter created soil conditions less constraining to plant growth and productivity than the conventional tillage did. Dealing with soil properties and climatic conditions is the key for adopting the best management practice for preserving plant productivity and soil fertility.
Effects of Oxygen Prebreathing on Bubble Formation, Flow-Mediated Dilatation, and Psychomotor Performance during Trimix Dives
Authors: Šegrt Ribičić Ivana , Valić Maja , Lušić Kalcina Linda , Božić Joško , Obad Ante , Glavaš Duška , Glavičić Igor , Valić Zoran
Published: January 2024

Introduction: This research was performed to examine the effects of air and oxygen prebreathing on bubble formation, flow-mediated dilatation, and psychomotor performance after scuba dives. Methods: Twelve scuba divers performed two dives using a gas mixture of oxygen, nitrogen, and helium (trimix). In a randomized protocol, they breathed air or oxygen 30 min before the trimix dives. Venous bubble formation, flow-mediated dilatation, and psychomotor performance were evaluated. The participants solved three psychomotor tests: determining the position of a light signal, coordination of complex psychomotor activity, and simple arithmetic operations. The total test solving time, minimum single-task solving time, and median solving time were analyzed. Results: The bubble grade was decreased in the oxygen prebreathing protocol in comparison to the air prebreathing protocol (1.5 vs. 2, p < 0.001). The total test solving times after the dives, in tests of complex psychomotor coordination and simple arithmetic operations, were shorter in the oxygen prebreathing protocol (25 (21–28) vs. 31 (26–35) and 87 (82–108) vs. 106 (90–122) s, p = 0.028). Conclusions: In the oxygen prebreathing protocol, the bubble grade was significantly reduced with no change in flow-mediated dilatation after the dives, indicating a beneficial role for endothelial function. The post-dive psychomotor speed was faster in the oxygen prebreathing protocol.
Ensuring Continuity of Tuberculosis Care during Social Distancing through Integrated Active Case Finding at COVID-19 Vaccination Events in Vietnam: A Cohort Study
Authors: Dinh Luong Van , Vo Luan Nguyen Quang , Wiemers Anja Maria Christine , Nguyen Hoa Binh , Vu Hoa Quynh , Mo Huong Thi Lan , Nguyen Lan Phuong , Nguyen Nga Thi Thuy , Dong Thuy Thi Thu , Tran Khoa Tu , Dang Thi Minh Ha , Nguyen Lan Huu , Pham Anh Thu , Codlin Andrew James , Forse Rachel Jeanette
Published: January 2024

COVID-19 significantly disrupted tuberculosis (TB) services in Vietnam. In response, the National TB Program (NTP) integrated TB screening using mobile chest X-rays into COVID-19 vaccination events. This prospective cohort study evaluated the integrated model’s yield, treatment outcomes, and costs. We further fitted regressions to identify risk factors and conduct interrupted time-series analyses in the study area, Vietnam’s eight economic regions, and at the national level. At 115 events, we conducted 48,758 X-ray screens and detected 174 individuals with TB. We linked 89.7% to care, while 92.9% successfully completed treatment. The mean costs per person diagnosed with TB was $547. TB risk factors included male sex (aOR = 6.44, p < 0.001), age of 45–59 years (aOR = 1.81, p = 0.006) and ≥60 years (aOR = 1.99, p = 0.002), a history of TB (aOR = 7.96, p < 0.001), prior exposure to TB (aOR = 3.90, p = 0.001), and symptomatic presentation (aOR = 2.75, p < 0.001). There was a significant decline in TB notifications during the Delta wave and significant increases immediately after lockdowns were lifted (IRR(γ1) = 5.00; 95%CI: (2.86, 8.73); p < 0.001) with a continuous upward trend thereafter (IRR(γ2) = 1.39; 95%CI: (1.22, 1.38); p < 0.001). Similar patterns were observed at the national level and in all regions but the northeast region. The NTP’s swift actions and policy decisions ensured continuity of care and led to the rapid recovery of TB notifications, which may serve as blueprint for future pandemics.
Microalgae as an Alternative Mineral Source in Poultry Nutrition
Authors: Costa Mónica M. , Spínola Maria P. , Prates José A. M.
Published: January 2024

This review explores the potential of microalgae as a sustainable and nutritionally rich alternative for mineral supplementation in poultry diets, addressing both the opportunities and challenges in this emerging field. Poultry nutrition, pivotal to the health and productivity of birds, traditionally relies on inorganic and organic mineral sources which, while effective, raise environmental and economic concerns. Microalgae offer a promising solution with their high contents of essential minerals, proteins, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. This review delves into the nutritional profiles of various microalgae, highlighting their rich contents of minerals which are crucial for physiological processes in poultry. It examines the bioavailability of these minerals and their impact on poultry health and productivity. Furthermore, it evaluates the environmental sustainability of microalgae cultivation and acknowledges the challenges in using microalgae in poultry diets, particularly in terms of the economic viability of large-scale production and the consistency of nutrient composition. It discusses the importance of rigorous safety assessments and regulatory compliance, given the potential risks of toxins and heavy metals. Overall, this analysis aims to provide a clear understanding of the role microalgae could play in poultry nutrition and address sustainability challenges in animal agriculture while also considering future perspectives and advancements needed in this field.
Changes in Immune Response during Pig Gestation with a Focus on Cytokines
Authors: Velez Carolina , Williamson Delia , Cánovas Mariela Lorena , Giai Laura Romina , Rutland Catrin , Pérez William , Barbeito Claudio Gustavo
Published: January 2024

Pigs have the highest percentage of embryonic death not associated with specific diseases of all livestock species, at 20–45%. During gestation processes, a series of complex alterations can arise, including embryonic migration and elongation, maternal immunological recognition of pregnancy, and embryonic competition for implantation sites and subsequent nutrition requirements and development. Immune cells and cytokines act as mediators between other molecules in highly complex interactions between various cell types. However, other non-immune cells, such as trophoblast cells, are important in immune pregnancy regulation. Numerous studies have shed light on the crucial roles of several cytokines that regulate the inflammatory processes that characterize the interface between the fetus and the mother throughout normal porcine gestation, but most of these reports are limited to the implantational and peri-implantational periods. Increase in some proinflammatory cytokines have been found in other gestational periods, such as placental remodeling. Porcine immune changes during delivery have not been studied as deeply as in other species. This review details some of the immune system cells actively involved in the fetomaternal interface during porcine gestation, as well as the principal cells, cytokines, and molecules, such as antibodies, that play crucial roles in sow pregnancy, both in early and mid-to-late gestation.
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization for the Detection of Intracellular Bacteria in Companion Animals
Authors: Rolph Matthew J. , Bolfa Pompei , Cavanaugh Sarah M. , Rolph Kerry E.
Published: January 2024

FISH techniques have been applied for the visualization and identification of intracellular bacteria in companion animal species. Most frequently, these techniques have focused on the identification of adhesive-invasive Escherichia coli in gastrointestinal disease, although various other organisms have been identified in inflammatory or neoplastic gastrointestinal disease. Previous studies have investigated a potential role of Helicobacter spp. in inflammatory gastrointestinal and hepatic conditions. Other studies evaluating the role of infectious organisms in hepatopathies have received some attention with mixed results. FISH techniques using both eubacterial and species-specific probes have been applied in inflammatory cardiovascular, urinary, and cutaneous diseases to screen for intracellular bacteria. This review summarizes the results of these studies.
Investigating the impact of kallikrein 4 gene polymorphism on caries severity and development in divers age groups of pregnant women during caries prevention
Authors: Lukashevich I. K. , Gorbunova I. L. , Skripkina G. I. , Lukashevich L. V.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. The progression of caries during pregnancy is significantly influenced by the resistance of dental tissues against demineralization. The degree of resistance in dental enamel is influenced by its genetic determinants, encompassing structural and morphological properties. The kallikrein 4 (KLK4) gene plays a pivotal role as a primary enzyme in dental enamel formation. Consequently, evaluating the effectiveness of various preventive measures on dental enamel necessitates consideration of KLK4 gene mutations.

Material and methods. An examination was conducted on a cohort of 322 pregnant women. Key indices assessed included OHI-S, DMF, DMFs, ∆DMF, and ∆DMFs. Oral fluid analysis encompassed parameters such as Ca, P, Ca/P-molar ratio, рН, Ca2+, pK+, pNa+. The sediment of oral fluid was examined for ∆рН and ∆Ca. DNA sample was isolated from venous blood obtained from the participants.

Results. The G/G polymorphism of the KLK4 gene at positions G2664153A and G2142А did not exhibit a statistically significant association with an increase in the ∆DMFs index during caries prevention, a finding consistent across both discussed tools for exogenous caries prevention in this study. In case of heterozygous KLK4 G/A polymorphism with the dominant G allele, the application of Enamel Sealing Liquid showed a tendency towards higher ∆DMF and ∆DMFs indices over a 12-month follow-up period. When pregnant patients with heterozygous dominant G allele mutations were treated with the triple-component calcium-fluorine-phosphate-containing gel, there were no observed elevations in these indices. The amplified production of KLK4 A/A polymorphism was associated with a statistically significant rise in ∆DMF and ∆DMFs indices, accompanied by alterations in certain oral fluid parameters. These changes included reduced active calcium levels and Ca/P molar ratio, along with elevated levels of phosphates and electrolytes. Enhanced demineralizing activity was observed in the oral fluid sediment.

Conclusion. The effectiveness of caries prevention tools during pregnancy is contingent upon the genotypic diversity of KLK4 gene polymorphism at the G2664153A and G2142А mutation points.
El eterno resplandor de una Argentina sin recuerdos. Argentina en un nuevo periodo presidencial y una nueva crisis económica
Authors: Kulfas Matías
Published: January 2024

Durante las últimas cinco décadas, Argentina experimentó un desempeño económico deficiente, marcado por múltiples crisis macroeconómicas y la incapacidad de mantener una estrategia productiva coherente. En el siglo XXI se observaron dos etapas diferentes. La primera se inició tras la severa crisis del régimen de convertibilidad, sobre fines de 2001, y permitió recuperar el crecimiento, la creación de empleo, la producción y mejorar la distribución el ingreso. Esa fase llegó a su fin en el año 2011, tras lo cual Argentina ya no pudo crecer de manera sostenida y experimentó un deterioro en sus indicadores sociales. En años recientes, los desequilibrios macroeconómicos se intensificaron, con la aceleración de la inflación como uno de los síntomas más evidentes. A diferencia de lo ocurrido en la década de 1980, los países de la región muestran, salvo excepciones puntuales, estabilidad y crecimiento, aunque a tasas relativamente bajas. La crisis argentina es específica y sus causas deben ser buscadas en la gestión de las políticas públicas y el funcionamiento del sistema político. En la campaña electoral de 2023, la polarización se ha intensificado y el hartazgo provocado por la crisis ha llevado a que los debates políticos queden encerrados en temas recurrentes. Esto nos lleva a interpretar el desempeño argentino a partir de la metáfora que propone El eterno resplandor de una mente sin recuerdos, la gran película protagonizada por Jim Carrey y Kate Winslet, en el que la angustia por un fracaso amoroso se enfrentaba mediante una extraña técnica que consistía en borrar de la mente los recuerdos de la relación fallida. Sin embargo, esta técnica solo lograba éxitos parciales, lo que llevaba a repetir la misma secuencia de sucesos y los mismos errores. En este trabajo se presenta una caracterización del desempeño económico argentino y finaliza con un análisis de los posibles escenarios tras la victoria de Javier Milei en las elecciones presidenciales celebradas el 19 de noviembre de 2023 y sus primeras medidas de gobierno.
Overprescribing of potentially harmful medication: an observational study in England’s general practice
Authors: Khan Tasneem , Copsey Bethan , Carder Paul , Johnson Stella , Imran Mohammed , Wang Kaiwen , Alderson Sarah
Published: January 2024

Background

Overprescribing of potentially harmful medication in UK general practice has a complex association with socioeconomic deprivation.

Aim

To assess trends in general practice prescribing of five high-risk medications and their relationship with deprivation.

Design & setting

An observational study was conducted using general practice data from three English regions with varied sociodemographic factors: West Yorkshire and Harrogate (WY), Black Country and West Birmingham (BC), and Surrey and East Sussex (SE).

Method

Practice-level prescribing data were obtained from 2016–2021 for five drug classes: opioids, hypnotics, gabapentinoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and antibacterials. Prescribing trends were demonstrated using a linear model.

Results

Reduction in NSAID, opioid, hypnotic and antibacterial prescriptions, and the increase in gabapentinoid prescriptions, were significant at each financial year time period. Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) was positively associated with all drug classes except antibacterials, which showed a positive association when incorporating the interaction term between IMD and age.

When adjusting for IMD and population, region was independently associated with prescribing rate. Compared with WY, IMD had a smaller association with prescribing in BC for NSAIDs (coefficient = −0.01578,
P
= 0.004) and antibacterials (coefficient = −0.02769,
P
= 0.007), whereas IMD had a greater association with prescribing in SE for NSAIDs (coefficient = 0.02443,
P
<0.001), opioids (coefficient = 0.08919,
P
<0.001), hypnotics (coefficient = 0.09038,
P
<0.001), gabapentinoids (coefficient = 0.1095,
P
<0.001), and antibacterials (coefficient = 0.01601,
P
= 0.19).

Conclusion

The association of socioeconomic deprivation with overprescribing of high-risk medication in general practice varies by region and drug type. Geographical location is associated with overprescribing, independent of socioeconomic status.
Multidimensional factors of burnout in general practice: a cross sectional survey
Authors: Bayot Marie , Boone Anke , Godderis Lode , Lenoir Anne-Laure
Published: January 2024

Background

GPs are particularly vulnerable to job burnout. Tailored prevention and intervention strategies are needed.

Aim

To investigate organisational, interpersonal, and individual factors contributing to exhaustion and disengagement at work among GPs.

Design & setting

We conducted a cross-sectional study in a sample of Belgian GPs.

Method

A total of 358 doctors (73% females, 301 with complete data) completed an online anonymous questionnaire assessing job burnout, psychosocial characteristics of the work environment, perceived social support in the private domain, emotional competence, and self-compassion.

Results

GPs reported moderate levels of exhaustion and disengagement. Regression models showed that included factors jointly explained 69% of the variance in exhaustion and 63% in disengagement. Exhaustion was significantly predicted by female sex (
β
effect size = −0.1), high perceived emotional demands (
β
= 0.19), as well as low self-compassion (
β
= −0.14) and low emotional competence (
β
= 0.09). Disengagement was significantly predicted by low seniority (
β
= −0.12) and limited opportunities for development (
β
= −0.16). Both exhaustion and disengagement were predicted by low perceived quality of work (
β
= −0.19 and −0.14, respectively), meaning of work (
β
= −0.17 and −0.31, respectively), and role clarity (
β
= 0.09 and 0.12, respectively), as well as high perceived work–life conflict (
β
= 0.46 and 0.21, respectively). Moreover, GPs working in a multidisciplinary group reported lower levels of exhaustion and disengagement than those working in a monodisciplinary group or a solo practice, and this difference was associated with factors such as work–life conflict.

Conclusion

Organisational, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors interact to predict a substantial part of burnout in general practice. The most significant risk factors were perceived work–life conflict and poor meaning of work. Policymakers should work to support more sustainable practices based on the specific needs and constraints reported by GPs.
Contrasting Response of Urine Stone Risk to Medical Treatment in Calcium Oxalate versus Calcium Phosphate Stone Formers
Authors: Steely Audrey , Worcester Elaine , Prochaska Megan
Published: January 2024

Key Points

Thiazide treatment successfully lowered urine calcium and both calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturations in both types of stone formers (SFs).

Alkali therapy may not confer the same benefits on calcium phosphate SFs as it does on calcium oxalate SFs.

Background

Randomized controlled trials have shown that both thiazide diuretics and potassium citrate (K-Cit) can prevent calcium stone recurrence, but most participants formed calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones. While thiazides are expected to lower risk of calcium phosphate (CaP) stone formation, the effect of K-Cit on risk of CaP stone formation is unclear.

Methods

To study the effect of common calcium stone treatments, we analyzed the 24-hour urines of CaOx and CaP stone formers (SFs) by four treatment types: Lifestyle, K-Cit, Thiazide, or Both medications.

Results

Patients treated with thiazides reduced urine calcium in both CaOx (M=−74.4, SD=94.6 mg/d) and CaP (M=−102, SD=99.7 mg/d) SFs while those on K-Cit had no change in urine calcium. Among CaOx SFs, urine citrate rose in patients administered K-Cit with or without thiazide, but citrate did not rise significantly in CaP SFs. Urine pH rose in all CaOx SFs, but among CaP SFs, only rose in patients receiving K-Cit. CaOx supersaturation (SS) decreased in all patients who received Thiazide, and decreased among CaOx SFs treated with K-Cit. CaP SS decreased in both CaOx SFs (M=−0.46, SD=0.86) and CaP SFs (M=−0.76, SD=0.85) treated with Thiazide, except CaOx SFs who received Both. Patients treated with K-Cit alone increased CaP SS in CaOx SFs (M=0.25, SD=0.79).

Conclusions

Patients treated with Thiazide lowered urine calcium and SS in both stone groups. Patients treated with K-Cit had no significant changes in urine calcium and had a decrease in CaOx SS in CaOx SFs. The study raises questions about the best preventive treatment for patients with CaP stones and suggests that K-Cit may not confer the same benefits on CaP SFs as it does on CaOx SFs.
Educational inclusion for migrants and refugees through language learning: difficulties, challenges and ways forward
Authors: García Miriam Ureta , Apaolaza-Llorente Dorleta , Saez Israel Alonso , Mondragón Nahia Idoiaga
Published: January 2024

The teaching-learning process of languages for migrants and refugees is a challenge that goes beyond getting them to develop communication skills and moves toward inclusion through education. In order to analyze the main keys and difficulties when it comes to teaching this collective, this multiple case study selects seven European countries in whose educational contexts teachers and migrants work together. Specifically for this research, the perspectives of 35 experts were taken into account as a result of the data gathered through round tables. After developing a cross-case analysis, the results demonstrated significant connections which delved into analytical generalizations: (i) the importance of focusing on the cultural dimension and the motivation factor; (ii) the impact of structural vulnerability on students, which was identified as the main obstacle when it comes to achieving the objective of teaching, and (iii) the lack of institutional resources. Finally, (iv) active methodologies were proposed as a way forward to address these challenges.
PENGARUH INFLUENCER ENDORSEMENT DAN ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEW TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION PADA KLINIK KECANTIKAN ELLA SKINCARE DENGAN TRUST SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Syarifudin Faraliza Gibranty , Achmad Nur
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of influencer endorsement and online customer reviews on purchase intention at the Ela skincare beauty clinic with trust as an intervening variable. This research uses quantitative methods. The population in this study were students throughout Solo Raya who knew, had bought, and used Ella Skincare products. The number of samples used was 384 respondents. The sampling technique used a non-probability sampling approach with purposive sampling technique. This study uses primary data obtained by filling out a questionnaire distributed to respondents via google form. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis with Smart Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study are Influencer endorsement, Online customer and Trust have a positive and significant influence on purchase intention. Influencer endorsement and online customer review have a positive and significant influence on trust. Influencer endorsement has a positive and significant influence on purchase intention which is mediated by trust. Online customer reviews have a positive and significant influence on purchase intention which is mediated by trust.

Keywords: Influencer endorsement, Online customer, Purchase intention, Trust.
PENGARUH PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT TERHADAP PROSES PRODUKSI DI PT. GRAFITECINDO CIPTA PRIMA CIKARANG
Authors: Winarti Euis , Pramulianto Himawan , Wulandari Yanti
Published: January 2024

Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh product development terhadap proses produksi di PT. Grafitecindo Cipta Prima. Perusahaan memaksimalkan dan memfasilitasi product development agar design yang dibuat menarik perhatian konsumen. Namun telatnya pengiriman sampel, alat, dan tinta menjadi kendala pada saat proses produksi. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan mengambil data sekunder melalui data yang disediakan perusahaan, item sampel dan item produksi dengan data time series yaitu tahun 2019-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan observasi lapangan dan studi dokumentasi. Model analisis yang digunakan adalah model regresi linear sederhana dengan menggunakan koefisien korelasi (r), koefisien determinasi (r2), dan uji t, dimana sebelumnya telah dilakukan pengujian asumsi klasik dan analisis deskriptif. Perhitungannya menggunakan Software Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) versi 20. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pengujian hipotesis. Secara parsial (uji t), variabel product development berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap proses produksi di PT. Grafitecindo Cipta Prima, ditunjukan dengan nilai t hitung > t tabel yaitu 9,875 > 2,441 dengan nilai signifikan < taraf signifikan α (0,05) yaitu sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Sedangkan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,741 yang artinya adalah Proses Produksi di PT.Grafitecindo Cipta Prima sebesar 74,1 % dipengaruhi oleh Product Development, serta sisanya sebesar 26,9 % dijelaskan oleh variabel lain diluar penelitian ini.

Kata kunci: Product Developmenty, Proses Produksi, Konsumen
PENGARUH PROTEAN CAREER TERHADAP CAREER OPTIMISM DENGAN CAREER DECISION SELF EFFICACY DAN CAREER ADAPTABILITY SEBAGAI PEMEDIASI PADA GENERASI MILENIAL DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Amalia Fitri , Waskito Jati
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of the influence of Protean Career on Career Optimism with Career Decision Self Efficacy and Career Adaptability as mediators in the millennial generation in Surakarta. In this study, the population used is the Surakarta millennial generation, aged between 27 and 42 years. Due to the unknown population, the calculation required to determine the minimum sample size is Malhottra's calculation. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling method which is included in the non probability sampling technique. The data used in this research is primary data. Primary data was used in the preparation of this study, this data was obtained through respondents' answers from a closed questionnaire. The data collection method used in this research is a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis with Smart Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that protean career has a positive and significant effect on career decision self-efficacy. Protean career has a positive and significant effect on career optimism. Protean career has a positive and significant effect on career adaptability. Career decision self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on career optimism. Career adaptability has a positive and significant effect on career optimism. Protean career has a positive and significant effect on career optimism through career decision self-efficacy. Protean career has a positive and significant effect on career optimism through career adaptability.

Keywords: Protean Career, Career Optimism, Career Decision Self Efficacy, Career Adaptability
PENGARUH CITRA MEREK DAN KEPERCAYAAN MEREK TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN DENGAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Purnomo Bagas Dwi , Irmawati Irmawati
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze Brand Image and Brand Trust on Consumer Loyalty and Consumer Satisfaction as Mediating Variables. The population of this study were students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta who used Asus laptops. The sample size of this study was 75 respondents. Data collection using a questionnaire. The analysis method used is path regression analysis and Smart PLs analysis tools with Outer model stages (validity and reliability), and Inner Model (Goodness of Fit, Path Coefficient, Indirect Effect). The results of this study are Brand Image and Trust have a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction. Brand Image and Trust have a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty Consumer Satisfaction has a significant positive effect on consumer loyalty. Customer satisfaction mediates significantly positively between brand image and customer loyalty. Satisfaction mediates significantly positively between brand trust and consumer loyalty.

Keywords: Brand Image, Brand Trust, Consumer Loyalty, Consumer Satisfaction
IMPLEMENTASI JEJARING BISNIS STRATEGIS DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN KEGIATAN EKSPOR SEKTOR BISNIS MIKRO DI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Nugraha Hari Susanta , Diffa Sovy Rahma
Published: January 2024

Developing business networks in international markets by carrying out export activities can encourage the acceleration of the country's economy, which is currently being assisted by the FTA Center from the Indonesian Ministry of Trade. The aim of the FTA Center is to provide a public service to micro and small business actors in terms of carrying out export activities by providing assistance regarding export procedures. Thus, the FTA Center plays an important role in developing international business networks to promote or be able to increase export numbers in Indonesia. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The research results show that there has been an increase in the number of exporters with a total of 42 times from micro business actors using export assistance service facilities. From the results of this research, the FTA Center, especially in Semarang City, has succeeded in carrying out its role as a partner for MSMEs by becoming an international business network in implementing free trade agreements. Thus, to improve the work achievements of the Semarang FTA Center, an approach using social media is needed to provide outreach services related to free trade agreements.

Keywords: Business Network, Free Trade Agreement, FTA Center
POTENSI BISNIS PERBANKAN SYARIAH INDONESIA TAHUN 2024: PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN
Authors: Wahyudi Ickhsanto , Qizam Ibnu , Amelia Erika , Yama Indo
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes the growth outlook, opportunities, and challenges for Islamic banking in Indonesia approaching the 2024 vision to become the global Islamic economic hub. Despite positive historical trends, research comprehensively examining medium-term projections across key metrics and strategic policy implications is limited. This paper addresses the gap through qualitative interviews with experts to forecast growth in assets, financing, and customers by 2024. High potentials in untapped markets are weighed against challenges in accelerating digital transformation and reforms needed in regulation, technology, and human resources. Key recommendations will be presented for regulators and industry players to optimize growth momentum amidst Indonesia’s Islamic economy goals. The results are expected to enrich academic literature and provide regulators and practitioners strategic inputs to strengthen policies, infrastructure, capabilities, and market access. Further quantitative research can build upon these findings for deeper projections and insights forward.

Keywords: Islamic banking, Islamic finance, prospects, challenges, policy, Indonesia
PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN BISNIS PADA IKM KOMPONEN OTOMOTIF DI CIKARANG KABUPATEN BEKASI
Authors: Rustanto Agung Edi , Syah Donny Oktavian , Setiawan Setiawan , Muhammad Shufi
Published: January 2024

PT Nikko Teknik Indonesia is a tier-3 Small and Medium Industry company which operates in the field of manufacturing automotive components in the city of Bekasi. Tier-3 companies are automotive component manufacturing companies at the lowest level, such as PT Nikko Teknik Indonesia which focuses on making jigs, dies and welding from automotive components. The urgency of this research, there are many obstacles faced by tier-3 companies such as lack of use of technology information to support business, marketing aspects. It often managed conventionally (so it difficult to get new buyers/vendors) and also problems with automation of tracking components which deliver to customer. So, implementing comprehensive supply chain management e-dashboard is very helpful for tier-3 automotive component SME’s businesses. The research methods used are Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Rapid Development Application (RAD) methods in automotive component production companies. The results of this research are that it has succeeded in building an e-Dashboard system for Supply Chain Management recording information, which provides facilities: statistics and indicators starting from raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods that are ready to be sent to buyers. .

Keywords: Automotive Components SMEs, Business Services, E-Supply Chain Management
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR PADA PENGGUNA PAYLATER DALAM PERSPEKTIF THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR
Authors: Maha Dewi Putu Eka Widiastuti , Cahyaningtyas Fadilla
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the financial management behavior of employees in the administrative department of a retail company in Malang. This study uses quantitative methods and a Likert scale for the measurement scale. The independent variable consists of financial knowledge, financial socialization and financial experience, while the dependent variable is financial management behavior. The total number of active respondents using paylater was obtained by 96 respondents by distributing questionnaires online. The results showed that financial knowledge had a positive effect on financial management behavior, while financial socialization and financial experience had no effect on financial management behavior. The ability to manage finances can influence an individual's financial condition in the future. This study can be useful as a reference for various parties, especially Paylater users to be wiser in making financial decisions and to be able to improve good financial management behavior.

Keywords: Financial Knowledge, Financial Socialization, Financial Experience, Financial Management Behavior
TRUST SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI DARI E-WOM DAN PERCEIVED VALUE TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION HANDPHONE DI SHOPEE
Authors: Puspitasari Rachma Putri , Irawati Zulfa
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyse E-Wom and Perceived Value on Purchase Intention Handphone at Shopee and Trust as a mediating variable. The method used in this research is quantitative. The population in this study were active students in the Class of 2022, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS) with the following data. The research sample consisted of 310 respondents, namely active students in the Class of 2022 from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS) who used the Shopee application. The purposive sampling method was used in sampling. The type of data analysed is primary data, collected through the use of questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out using the SEM-PLS method through SmartPLS software. The results in this study are E-WOM has a positive and significant impact on Purchase Intention. E-WOM has a positive and significant impact on Trust. Hedonic Value has a positive and significant impact on Purchase Intention. Hedonic Value has a positive and significant impact on Trust. Monetary Value has a positive and significant impact on Purchase Intention. Monetary Value has a positive and significant impact on Trust. Trust has a positive and significant impact on Purchase Intention. Utilitarian Value has a positive and significant impact on Purchase Intention. Utilitarian Value has a positive and significant impact on Trust.

Keywords: Trust; E-Wom; Perceived Value; Purchase Intention