bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joint ALMA/X-ray monitoring of the radio-quiet type 1 active galactic nucleus IC 4329A
Authors: Shablovinskaya E. , Ricci C. , Chang C.-S. , Tortosa A. , del Palacio S. , Kawamuro T. , Aalto S. , Arzoumanian Z. , Balokovic M. , Bauer F. E. , Gendreau K. C. , Ho L. C. , Kakkad D. , Kara E. , Koss M. J. , Liu T. , Loewenstein M. , Mushotzky R. , Paltani S. , Privon G. C. , Smith K. , Tombesi F. , Trakhtenbrot B.
Published: August 2024

The origin of a compact millimeter (mm, 100–250 GHz) emission in radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (RQ AGN) remains debated. Recent studies propose a connection with self-absorbed synchrotron emission from the accretion disk X-ray corona. We present the first joint ALMA (∼100 GHz) and X-ray (NICER/XMM-Newton/Swift; 2–10 keV) observations of the unobscured RQ AGN, IC 4329A (z = 0.016). The time-averaged mm-to-X-ray flux ratio aligns with recently established trends for larger samples, but with a tighter scatter (∼0.1 dex) compared to previous studies. However, there is no significant correlation on timescales of less than 20 days. The compact mm emission exhibits a spectral index of −0.23 ± 0.18, remains unresolved with a 13 pc upper limit, and shows no jet signatures. Notably, the mm flux density varies significantly (by factor of 3) within four days, exceeding the contemporaneous X-ray variability and showing the largest mm variations ever detected in RQ AGN over daily timescales. The high amplitude variability rules out scenarios of heated dust and thermal free–free emission, pointing toward a synchrotron origin for the mm radiation in a source of ∼1 light day (∼120 gravitational radii) size. While the exact source is not yet certain, an X-ray corona scenario emerges as the most plausible compared to a scaled-down jet or outflow-driven shocks.
Rural green tourism in Ukraine: Organization and development issues
Authors: Petrenko Nataliia , Kozhukhivska Raisa , Nepochatenko Valentina , Polishchuk Olena , Sychov Oleksandr
Published: August 2024

The study examines the basic principles of development and specifics of activities in the field of rural green tourism in Ukraine, a special integrated area of recreational activity. The situational aspects related to the organization of entrepreneurial activity in rural green tourism, which is currently in the initial stage, are analyzed. Based on the analysis of tourism statistics and reports, it was found that approximately 2,000 rural estates in Ukraine provide sustainable tourism services (STS). The Lviv Regional Union for the Promotion of Green Tourism offers about 200 agro-houses, the Ivano-Frankivsk Union offers more than 300, the Zakarpattia Union offers more than 360 estates, and the Chernivtsi Union offers about 80. Further activities in the field of rural green tourism in Ukraine are impossible without the introduction of an effective marketing management system at the local and regional levels. The calculation of the period required to reach the break-even point of a rural estate, depending on the pricing strategy and level of use of the facility, showed that 50% (optimistic option) payback of the project would be 2 years, 40% (realistic option) 2.5 years, 30% (pessimistic option) 3.25 years.
Financial tools for the implementation of environmental projects
Authors: Levytska Svitlana , Osadcha Olha , Tykhonchuk Lesia , Saltykov Vladyslav
Published: August 2024

The article examines the features of responsible investing, in particular, and investigates ESG bonds as a widespread instruments of financing projects in sustainable development. In order to form a methodical support for the implementation of responsible investment and the use of green financial instruments, the authors have summarized the relevant projects and programs of international organizations. The main types of investment strategies used by investors in the market of responsible investing are presented. The following ESG bond types are green, social, sustainable and sustainability-related. The financial toolkit of responsible investing has been studied. It is substantiated that shares and debt securities are the main instruments of responsible investment. It was established that business entities that attract ESG bonds use two main credit instruments: bilateral loans and syndicated loans. Key components of sustainable lending are identified and characterized: consistency with the borrower’s policy on compliance with corporate social responsibility and achievement of predetermined indicators of the effectiveness of projects in the field of sustainable development; establishment of the enterprise’s achievement of sustainable development goals; publication of financial statements by the borrower and its audit.
New model improves simulation of pressure and temperature distribution around the Mars Rover
Authors: Lim Alane
Published: August 2024

Researchers model nonequilibrium thermochemical flow around the Mars Pathfinder to uncover fluctuations in flow field.
Reconstruction of single-cell lineage trajectories and identification of diversity in fates during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Cheng Yu-Chen , Zhang Yun , Tripathi Shubham , Harshavardhan B. V. , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Schiebinger Geoffrey , Levine Herbert , McDonald Thomas O. , Michor Franziska
Published: August 2024

Exploring the complexity of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) unveils a diversity of potential cell fates; however, the exact timing and mechanisms by which early cell states diverge into distinct EMT trajectories remain unclear. Studying these EMT trajectories through single-cell RNA sequencing is challenging due to the necessity of sacrificing cells for each measurement. In this study, we employed optimal-transport analysis to reconstruct the past trajectories of different cell fates during TGF-beta-induced EMT in the MCF10A cell line. Our analysis revealed three distinct trajectories leading to low EMT, partial EMT, and high EMT states. Cells along the partial EMT trajectory showed substantial variations in the EMT signature and exhibited pronounced stemness. Throughout this EMT trajectory, we observed a consistent downregulation of the
EED
and
EZH2
genes. This finding was validated by recent inhibitor screens of EMT regulators and CRISPR screen studies. Moreover, we applied our analysis of early-phase differential gene expression to gene sets associated with stemness and proliferation, pinpointing
ITGB4
,
LAMA3
, and
LAMB3
as genes differentially expressed in the initial stages of the partial versus high EMT trajectories. We also found that
CENPF
,
CKS1B
, and
MKI67
showed significant upregulation in the high EMT trajectory. While the first group of genes aligns with findings from previous studies, our work uniquely pinpoints the precise timing of these upregulations. Finally, the identification of the latter group of genes sheds light on potential cell cycle targets for modulating EMT trajectories.
Bound-state evolution of Dirichlet waveguide with Neumann window(s) in transverse electric fields
Authors: Chogle F , Olendski O
Published: August 2024

The influence of electric field

E

on a straight Dirichlet waveguide with Neumann window(s) of arbitrary length L is studied theoretically for 2D and 3D geometries. The energy spectrum for the corresponding bound states was obtained and their dependence on

E

was analysed. At low

E

, the boundary of the window(s) influenced the properties of the particle contrary to the high

E

case, where the energies and localization of particle were seen similar in all the geometries. The critical lengths L

cr
, at which higher excited state emerges into the continuum, at different

E

were found and their behavior was explained qualitatively. It was found that at high

E

, the critical lengths of Dirichlet-Neumann boundary window approach the Neumann-Neumann boundary window. This is due to the increase in the fundamental propagation threshold of transverse modes in the wall and window region. On the other hand, the Neumann-Dirichlet boundary window showed an opposite behavior. Furthermore, the polarization of ground state was obtained for different geometries. It was proved that at small L, the polarization reduces to its 1D case. A mathematical treatment and semi classical explanation was provided. Comparative analysis of the 2D and 3D geometries reveals their qualitative similarity and quantitative differences.
Analysis of harmonic characteristics of the three-phase rectifier and the impacts on the power quality
Authors: Jin Yang , Dong Kun , Zhao Jianfeng
Published: August 2024

The adoption of terminal electrical energy is one of the technical paths to achieving the “dual carbon” goals. Consequently, the large-scale use of power electronic loads is gradually leading to more power quality issues, with frequent broad-spectrum oscillations in the power grid, presenting new challenges to its stable and secure operation. This paper explores the harmonic coupling model of three-phase rectifiers, transforming their time-domain non-linear characteristics into frequency-domain linear characteristics. Then, utilizing this model, the harmonic characteristics of rectifiers are further analyzed. The model’s accuracy is verified through simulation, and it is additionally used to analyze the harmonic power flow distribution in the power grid with rectifier devices integrated. The study focuses on the impact on the system’s electricity quality when rectifier devices are the primary source of harmonics.
Design of a partial discharge calibrator
Authors: Zheng Xiang , Wang Jianwei
Published: August 2024

A partial discharge calibrator is an instrument used to calibrate partial discharge detection equipment. Partial discharge refers to the phenomenon of partial discharge in insulating materials, which is one of the important indicators of aging and damage to insulating materials. A partial discharge calibrator can be used to detect and calibrate the sensitivity and accuracy of partial discharge detection equipment to ensure that it can accurately detect and monitor the partial discharge phenomenon in insulation materials, so as to timely detect and prevent the aging and damage of insulation materials. Based on the analysis of the discharge principle and calibration means of a partial discharge calibrator, a high-frequency adjustable square wave circuit is designed with a high-speed frequency divider as the control core, and output by a partial discharge switching circuit. After simulation, the calibrator can realize the output of different discharge quantities and discharge frequencies.
Algorithm for extracting spectral features of substation high-voltage isolation switch card shibboleth faults
Authors: Lai Weijian , Li Jingguang , Chen Weihong , Chen Jiahui , Liu Shuan
Published: August 2024

Disconnectors are susceptible to equipment defects and hidden dangers due to the harsh natural environment, the impact of load fluctuations in the power grid, and manufacturers’ manufacturing processes. The current production of commonly used fault diagnosis technology is limited, and the number of features extracted from on-site data cannot timely and accurately reflect the equipment failure conditions. Therefore, this paper uses the substation high-voltage isolation switch jamming fault spectrum feature extraction algorithm, the use of high-frequency acquisition technology to establish the power characteristics of mathematical models and current characteristics of mathematical models, and the normal operation and jamming fault data for classification. To establish a sample library of fault models for the current time curve of the knife gate action process, for the typical faults of the disconnecting switch (not in place, reversal and jams, etc.), simulation is carried out in the laboratory environment to form a series of sample libraries of the motor fault waveforms; it is shown by the test that it is feasible to utilize the power of the motor of the high-voltage disconnecting switch during the opening and closing of the gate action process to determine the faults of the high-voltage disconnecting switch mechanism.
Online detection of transformer winding deformation based on ΔP⁃U2 improved lissajous plot
Authors: Li Yanfei
Published: August 2024

The transformer is one of the most common equipment in power systems, and winding deformation is the most frequent failure of a power transformer. The short-circuit impedance method is the most commonly used method to detect winding deformation. Aiming at the problem that the short-circuit impedance method does not easily detect the small deformation of the transformer, based on the existing ΔU⁃I to construct the Lissajous diagram, ΔP⁃U
2 is proposed to improve the on-line detection of transformer winding deformation Lissajous diagram. The principle of ΔP⁃U
2 improved Lissajous diagram is introduced, and the degree of change of Lissajous ellipse under the same degree of deformation is compared between the two by simulation test. For the influence of the secondary side load on the Lissajous plot, a load normalization algorithm based on image transformation is proposed to eliminate the influence of the secondary side load on the image. The results show that the sensitivity of the improved method is much larger than that of the ΔU⁃I trajectory method, and it has higher accuracy in the judgment of small deformation of the winding, which has a certain engineering value.
Voltage regulation for the reactive power elasticity improvement of distributed photovoltaics
Authors: Fu Ming , Chen Zhe , Lin Da , Li Zhihao
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes an enhanced method for improving the reactive power voltage support capability based on reinforced restraint. Due to the impact of load disturbances on distributed photovoltaic systems using traditional droop control, significant voltage fluctuations may occur, leading to the instability of the power system. In light of this, an enhanced voltage droop control method based on Q-learning and Pinning Control is introduced. The output voltage of distributed photovoltaics using traditional droop control is considered as the voltage deviation from the rated value. The Q-learning algorithm is employed to define appropriate sets of states, actions, and reward functions. The voltage deviation is then incorporated into the corresponding reward function, and the Q-table is updated based on the reward function values until the output voltage of the distributed energy sources stabilizes. Simulations are conducted on the modified distributed photovoltaic system and compared with systems using only traditional droop control methods. The results indicate that the distribution grid system employing the enhanced droop control based on reinforced learning and pinning control effectively addresses load disturbances.
Study on physicochemical properties of corn starch modified by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma
Authors: Wang Ziwen , Niu Jinhai
Published: August 2024

Starch, as a cheap and renewable biological material, has been widely used in the chemical industry, oil drilling, and other fields. However, there are still some shortcomings in natural starch, which often needs to be modified by some methods. The development and application of modified starch have attracted much attention. The use of low-temperature plasma methods to modify starch has gradually attracted widespread attention because there is no chemical impurity residue. DBD is a type of discharge that produces low temperature plasma. At normal temperature and pressure, plasma can be generated in a DBD reactor which uses air as discharge gas and adopts various electrode structures such as wire-column and plate-plate. The high-energy electrons, reactive nitrogen, and reactive oxygen species generated in the discharge can break chemical bonds when they act on the surface of biological materials, and then change the surface topography and physical and chemical properties of the materials.
Effect of calcium sulfate whiskers on mechanical properties and enhancement mechanism of metakaolin-based polymer mortar
Authors: Zheng Xiong , Zhao Gang , Jiang Ming , Guo Kuixiang , Cui Yu , Wang Jinsong
Published: August 2024

In consideration of the requirements of the repair mortar environment and in conjunction with the characteristics of the CaSO4 whisker, the addition method of the CaSO4 whisker was employed to enhance metakaolin-base polymer mortar, aiming to achieve reinforcement and toughening effects. Through experimentation, the influence of varying mass percentages (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3%) of calcium sulfate whisker on metakaolin-based polymer mortar was studied, focusing on rational energy utilization and mechanical properties. Optimal performance and mechanical strength were determined by proposing an appropriate content of calcium sulfate whisker and liquid-solid ratio for metakaolin-based polymer mortar, while microscopic experiments were conducted to analyze the strengthening mechanism behind polymer mortar with calcium sulfate whisker. The experimental findings show that with an increase in the calcium sulfate whisker content, the setting time of metakaolin-based polymer mortar initially rises, then declines, reaching the maximum setting time at 1% content. Additionally, at a liquid-solid ratio combined with a content level of 1.5% for calcium sulfate whisker, both bending and compressive strength are optimized for metakaolin-based polymer mortar. Calcium sulfate whiskers can alleviate the stress concentration at the tip of cracks within the geopolymer mortar, hindering crack development, and the bridging effect of the whiskers and the interface of the geopolymer mortar matrix in the high territories realizes the overall strengthening and toughening.
Development of a large-area array multi-point synchronous explosive circuit using sheet explosive detonated by a mild detonating fuse
Authors: Guo Zhiyun , Lu Qiang , Ding Yang , Li Jin , Zhang Liangyong
Published: August 2024

To meet the requirements of synchronous explosion loading of the large-area array in special experiments, a large-area array multi-point synchronous explosive circuit based on the thin sheet explosive detonated by a mild detonating fuse is designed. The explosive circuit is composed of a detonator, a mild detonating fuse, and a sheet explosive booster. In this study, the synchronization of initiation is analyzed theoretically, and the reliability test and synchronization test of the large-area array multi-point explosive circuit are carried out. The results show that the main factors affecting the initiation synchronicity include the length of the mild detonating fuse and the deviation of the detonating speed of the mild detonating fuse. The comprehensive initiation rate of the multi-point synchronous explosive circuit is 99.5%. The asynchrony ranges for the two-stage, three-stage, and four-stage synchronous explosive circuits are 0.32 μs, 0.37 μs, and 0.50 μs, respectively. This study provides a simpler and more efficient solution for achieving synchronous explosion loading of the large-area array.
Experimental study on the flow capacity of shale fractures with different degrees of sand filling
Authors: Chen Ting , Yu Chunlei , Sun Zhigang , Zhang Min , Sun Qiang , Liu Chenwei
Published: August 2024

By conducting tests on the flow capacity of shale fractures with different degrees of sand filling and conducting online CT scans on samples of different lithologies, it is recognized that as the sand concentration increases, the flow conductivity of sand-filled fractures increases and stress sensitivity decreases. Under low effective stress, the large particle size proppant filled sand fractures have higher diversion capacity. As the effective stress increases, the reduction in diversion capacity is significant, and the stress sensitivity is small. The particle-size-filled sand layer is strong. During the process of elastic pressure reduction and failure, the proppant is compacted, the pores of the sand layer are reduced, the crack width is reduced, and the conductivity is reduced.
Research on creep mechanical properties of flexible screen functional film layer
Authors: Ma Yuhua , Su Weiwei , Luo Xin , Hu Yubin , Yang Yiming , Zhou Geng , Xiao Yachao
Published: August 2024

The creep behavior of AMOLED flexible screens is a crucial consideration in the design and manufacturing processes. Various factors impact the creep process of AMOLED modules in thermoplastic polymers. However, experimental work typically only focuses on sustained stress over time at room temperature, neglecting other factors affecting creep strain. It is essential to explore the influence of creep on the bending performance of flexible AMOLED modules and analyze the creep curves of each film layer for the bending of flexible screens. Furthermore, the analysis includes the examination of the influence of the thickness and elastic modulus of the protective cover plate and support plate on screen bending at different temperatures, along with further creep analysis of the protective cover plate and the support plate. The mechanical exploration of the protective cover plate and support plate under 6-9 h creep response was analyzed, and the influence of the protective cover plate and support plate on screen bending performance was analyzed. We conduct stress-strain analysis on the protective cover plate at different temperatures (-40~120°C). Before the temperature increases to 80°C, the stress and strain increase with the increase of temperature, and after the temperature reaches 80°C, the stress and strain decrease with the increase of temperature. The temperature of the protective cover plate is 20°C, and the risk of bending failure is relatively low. The creep analysis of the support plate shows a small difference in the fracture strength between the support plate undergoing creep and the fracture strength not undergoing creep. The fracture elongation of the support plate at 20°C is 0.52%, and the fracture strength is 106 MPa. The fracture elongation of the support plate after heating also increases.
Study on the correlation and calibration of macro and micro parameters of discrete element model for sandstone
Authors: Hu Jiangchun , An Luyang , Huang Xuewei , Wang Chenxu
Published: August 2024

The effectiveness of numerical simulation of discrete elements for particle flow in sandstone depends on adjusting mesoscopic parameters appropriately. The parallel bonding contact model was used as the constitutive model for particle contacts to explore the relationship between macro and micro parameters and fine-tune the mesoscopic ones. The relationship between macro and micro parameters of sandstone was determined through laboratory tests and numerical simulation comparative analysis. Orthogonal tests, multifactorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression fitting were used for analysis. The results show that each mesoscopic parameter of the parallel bonding contact model has a distinct and significant impact on macroscopic mechanical parameters, with interactive influences between them. The macroscopic cohesive force, normal strength of the parallel bond, and parallel bonding force exhibit non-linear relationships, while the macroscopic internal friction angle and the internal friction angle of the parallel bond have logarithmic relationships. Additionally, there is a linear relationship between the elastic modulus of the parallel bond and its macroscopic counterpart. The numerical simulation results are in close agreement with the laboratory test findings, validating the parameter calibration method.
Local Climate Identity in the Architecture of Traditional Mosques in Warm Humid Tropics: The Case in Lowland and Mountainous Regions of Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Sari L H , Wulandari E , Idris Y
Published: August 2024

Climate plays an essential role in creating a thermally comfortable living. In warm humid tropics, the relative humidity is high which needs the airflow to decrease it hence minimizing the thermal comfort dissatisfaction felt by the building users. Mosque as a place for Muslims to perform prayer frequently five times a day also needs to be comfortable. In the old time when everything was still limited, the traditional mosque was designed to be comfortable naturally. Therefore, in this study, traditional mosques are investigated in terms of adopting the local climate into the architectural elements to provide comfort. The case studies are the mosques located in the low and mountainous region of Aceh which is warm humid but varied in air temperatures. The evaluated mosques are Indrapuri and Tengku Dipucok Krueng mosques in the lowlands; and Tue Kebayakan and Asal Penampaan mosques in the highlands. The study was carried out qualitatively through observation and documentation by redrawing the mosques. The parameters investigated were floor plans, façades, apertures, and building materials. An adaptation to the climate naturally is essential to save energy use and be friendly to the environment and is therefore called sustainable. Thus, this study would be beneficial in finding the difference in traditional mosque design between the lowland and mountainous areas in Aceh which performs the local identity for being an alternative in today’s mosque design to be naturally friendly to the environment.
The spatial pattern of earthquake-affected settlements in rural areas in Bantul
Authors: Sunoko K , Farkhan M , Kumoro A
Published: August 2024

Villages in Bantul experienced an earthquake in 2006. Settlements with a spatial layout pattern for village settlements “Java-rural” underwent major changes, marked by the collapse of the buildings inside and then being rebuilt after the earthquake, but their physical form and spatial layout were different from the previous pattern. This phenomenon creates gaps in the spatial understanding of settlements before and after the earthquake. Changes in the shape of buildings and spatial patterns of settlements that occur are very important issues to study. The implementation of the research was carried out using exploratory qualitative methods. Physical records are traced in depth to get the meaning behind their physical and spatial forms and the changes that occur. This study shows that post-earthquake residential buildings represent the experiences of residents in saving themselves during an earthquake. This situation forms a settlement layout with the arrangement of buildings closer to the main door-front yard-road. Between buildings form a courtyard space as a gathering point through a secondary door and courtyard.
Cultural Mapping of the Historical Tin Mining Town of Kinta Valley: The Revival of Papan Old Town
Authors: Ahmad Suriati , Nayan Nadiyanti Mat , Hussain Nur Huzeima Mohd , Zakaria Ahmad Zamil , Jones David S.
Published: August 2024

Located within the vicinity of the western region of the Kinta Valley lies several historic tin mining towns that were deserted and yet forgotten. This includes the old town of Tronoh, Siputeh, Pusing and Papan. The Papan old town was once the centre of the Western Kinta Valley tin mining towns and settlements that emerged from its importance in the 1880s. Tin mining is the heritage industry that crafted the industrial landscape of the Valley, resulting in a massive migration of Chinese and other races (including the Malay Mandailing) to Malaya in search of tin glory. However, due to the collapse of the world tin market in the 1980s, this scenario has further resulted in the abandonment of the majority of these old tin towns as, sadly, the Papan ruinous urban fabric begins to deteriorate today. Considering this alarming situation, this study aims to explore the cultural landscape mapping layering the historical, spatial, and cultural narratives that contemplate the Papan old tin mining town. Therefore, a qualitative approach has been designed for data collection and analysis. The findings of the cultural landscape mapping can highlight the importance of this old tin mining town abiding by their survived industrial urban fabrics that strategically integrate into sustainable planning and cultural resource management, further linking to cultural heritage tourism activity in Kinta Valley.
Daylight performance for work-from-home workstation: A case study of a residential condominium unit in Bangkok
Authors: Ploycharoen N , Borisuit A , Suriyothin P
Published: August 2024

Work-from-home plays an important role in nowadays human’s working life due to changes in our behavior from Covid-19. According to Bangkokian’s office workers who usually accommodated in residential condominium, it becomes both home and office, they spend their typical office hours, such as 8AM to 5PM, working at home when daylight is available. Besides visual performance, receiving sufficient daylight exposure complies with lighting recommendation helps promote productivity, well-being, and avoids visual discomfort can leads to users’ satisfaction in daylight. This paper aims to assess daylight performance and daylight visual comfort of a case study of residential condominium unit in Bangkok, recommending the best scenario of furniture layout and workstation that compatible with daylight recommendation, promoting better daylight satisfaction. To assess daylight performance, sDA, ASE, and UDI are used. Daylight glare (DGP) is required to help determine workstation locations. Computer simulation using Climate Studio for Rhino v.7 had performed facing four directions (North, South, East, and West) of a residential condominium unit, studio type room, with CBDM method and TMY weather files of Bangkok, Thailand. The results show that North is the best direction of all four directions. Complies with all three indices of daylight performance, had minimum DGP limit, and had four appropriate locations for workstations. The other three orientations had fewer workstation locations, worse daylight performance and daylight glare respectively. The lesson learned is interpreting combination of indices help determine the result more precisely than interpret single index. Moreover, to be more considerate on interior furniture layout, it may not be arranged similarly in all directions. It is crucial to assess not only daylight performance indices but also index presented glare from daylight, to generate interior furniture layouts that are suitable for each direction.
Assessment of Recreational Activities and Greening of Urban-Parks in Kharkiv
Authors: Honcharenko Y , Sokolenko U , Oleksiichenko N , Sokolnyk A
Published: August 2024

Urban-parks, as sports and gaming locations, are a new type of landscape facilities in Ukraine, the first of which were created in Kharkiv. The three urban-parks in Kharkiv have been studied: Molodizhnyi, Saltivskyi and urban-park on Yuriyeva Bulevard. Recreational studies and plant inventories have been conducted to determine the popularity of the parks in 2021. The recreation surveys considered two indicators: the degree of recreation and the length of time visitors spent in the park. Field surveys were conducted in August and October. Saltivskyi urban-park was the most visited, and Molodizhnyi park was the least visited. The presence of playgrounds for pre-school children and children with disabilities makes Saltivskyy more attractive. The calculation of the average length of stay of the visitors on the territory showed that the visitors spend from 1,3 h/day to 1,77 h/day in the urban-parks. It is possible to identify shortcomings in the design of urban parks and make suggestions for their improvement based on the results of recreational load and greenery inventory assessment in urban-parks. The inventory showed that the area of green spaces in the urban-parks has decreased as a result of reconstruction. The level of greenery in Saltivskyi and Molodizhnyi urban parks is rather low and does not meet national regulatory requirements. There are 28 plant taxa of 11 families used in landscaping of the urban-parks, the greatest diversity in Molodizhnyi has been observed. It is necessary to optimize the existing assortment of plants. Some of them are not in a good sanitary condition, which has a negative impact on the overall decorative appearance of the plants and the parks in general.
Modern trends in the creation of luminescent silicate ceramic and glass materials for industry and technology
Authors: Savvova Oksana , Yefimov Oleksandr , Tur Oleh , Zaitseva Inna , Fesenko Oleksii
Published: August 2024

The main types of phosphors and the prospects of their application in luminescent silicate ceramic, glass materials and coatings for industry, technology and construction are analyzed. Basic requirements for phosphors for solving the problems of evacuation systems and emergency lighting have been established. The choice of photoluminophore compositions in the production of photoluminescent glazes with a long afterglow is substantiated. The peculiarities of the use of industrial photoluminophores based on strontium aluminates in the production of transparent protective glass coatings for ceramic tiles, which are obtained under conditions of high-temperature single-stage firing, have been established. The prospects of creation and the main directions of research in the production of photoluminescent glazes with a long afterglow based on ecologically low-value domestic raw materials for solving the problems of lighting in crisis situations are determined.
The influence of chloride ion diffusion on the structure of cement composites containing carbonate additives
Authors: Borziak O , Zhuravel V , Hudymenko M
Published: August 2024

One way to reduce the diffusion of chlorides deep into concrete is to bind chlorine ions into stable hydration products. It is known that systems containing carbonates have an increased binding capacity towards chlorides. The goal of this work is to study the effect of carbonate additives on the depth of diffusion of chlorine ions in cement composites (mortars). As controls, samples of mortar were made using cement CEM I 42.5 R as binder. In the main samples, 15% of cement was replaced by carbonates - chalk and limestone. The strength characteristics of mortar samples kept in water and in a sodium chloride solution were studied. According to test data, it was established that the compressive strength of samples with the addition of chalk or limestone practically does not change under the influence of a chloride solution. The compressive strength of samples without additives in the salt solution decreased by 8%. The depth of diffusion of chlorine ions deep into cement composites was also studied. It has been established that replacing part of the binder with carbonate additives does not reduce the permeability of porous cement composites for chloride ions.
Thermal insulation coating based on water-based polymer dispersion
Authors: Natalia Saienko , Anna Skripinets , Galina Gurina , Leonid Saienko , Oleksandr Hryhorenko
Published: August 2024

The paper presents a study on the development of thin-layer thermal (with a thermal conductivity coefficient ranging from 0.0416 to 0.083 W/(m·K)) insulation coatings based on styrene-acrylic aqueous dispersion with improved adhesion properties and regulated technological characteristics. The simplicity and speed of applying liquid thermal insulation provide significant advantages over standard insulating materials. An advantage is the ability to insulate surfaces of complex configuration.
Analysis of the implementation of the Sustainable Urban Development Goal in Ukraine
Authors: Blinova Maria , Rodyk Yanina
Published: August 2024

This article aims to analyse the transformation of ideas about “sustainable development” and compare the approaches to implementing this concept across different levels. It is demonstrated that sustainable development is developing dynamically, with each stage identifying certain shortcomings and proposing changes in its interpretation and implementation measures. The goal is to understand how this process has occurred, from international UN documents to the level of state legislation in Ukraine and local authorities, including local and professional communities. The focus is on problems related to the urban environment, specifically the implementation of the SDG “Sustainable development of cities and communities.” The article discusses the differences in interpretation and approaches to this goal at different legislative levels. It is argued that a transition is occurring at the national level, moving from general abstract principles to specific action plans and the identification of priorities. However, the strategic directions of implementation still need to be correlated with local initiatives. The scientific novelty of this article is its comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the sustainable development concept at various levels and its practical value is in providing insights for policymakers and professionals working in the field of sustainable urban development.
Applying of machine learning methods to evaluate the financial decentralization reforms in the context of ensuring inclusive and sustainable growth of regions
Authors: Guryanova Lidiya , Gvozdytskyi Vitalii , Yatsenko Roman , Litovchenko Irina , Besedovskyi Oleksii
Published: August 2024

The structure of the model basis for assessing the effectiveness of financial decentralization reforms, developed on the basis of such Artificial Intelligence Methods as Kohonen neural networks, methods of cluster analysis, taxonomy, principal components, panel data, production-institutional functions, convergence analysis methods is proposed. An assessment of the impact of financial decentralization reforms on the pace of socio-economic development of territories, on the convergence-divergence of regional development and on the resistance of regions to “shocks” was carried out. Models have been developed to assess the impact of the level of financial decentralization on the rate of convergence of regional development and the human development index using panel data analysis methods. Models of production and institutional functions have been developed to determine the potential for growth in resource efficiency by increasing the level of financial decentralization. Models for classifying the internal regions of Ukraine according to the level of financial decentralization and resource efficiency of production and economic systems have been developed. The proposed model basis can be used to build dynamic maps for assessing the effectiveness of financial decentralization reforms in order to monitor and adapt regional development strategies.
On the mathematical quantification of inequality in probability distributions
Authors: Rajaram R , Ritchey N , Castellani B
Published: August 2024

A fundamental challenge in the study of probability distributions is the quantification of inequality that is inherently present in them. Some parts of the distribution are more probable and some others are not, and we are interested in the quantification of this inequality through the lens of mathematical diversity, which is a new approach to studying inequality. We offer a theoretical advance, based on case-based entropy and slope of diversity, which addresses inequality for arbitrary probability distributions through the concept of mathematical diversity. Our approach is useful in three important ways: (1) it offers a universal way to measure inequality in arbitrary probability distributions based purely on the entropic uncertainty that is inherent in them and nothing else; (2) it allows us to compare the degree of inequality of arbitrary parts of any distribution (not just tails) and entire distributions alike; and (3) it can glean out empirical rules similar to the 80/20 rule, not just for the power law but for any given distribution or its parts thereof. The techniques shown in this paper demonstrate a more general machinery to quantify inequality, compare the degree of inequality of parts or whole of general distributions, and prove or glean out empirical rules for general distributions based on mathematical diversity. We demonstrate the utility of this new machinery by applying it to the power law, the exponential and the geometric distributions. The 60 − 40 rule of restricted diversity states that 60 percent or more of cases following a power law (or more generally a right skewed distribution) reside within 40 percent or less of the lower bound of Shannon equivalent equi-probable (SEE) types as measured by case-based entropy. In this paper, we prove the 60 − 40 rule for power law distributions analytically. We also show that in all power law distributions, the second half of the distribution is at least 4 times more uniformly distributed as the first. Lastly, we also show a scale-free way of comparing probability distributions based on the idea of mathematical diversity of parts of a distribution. We use this comparison technique to compare the exponential and power law distribution, and obtain the exponential distribution as an entropic limit of the power law distribution. We also demonstrate that the machinery is applicable to discrete distributions by proving a general result regarding the comparison of parts of the geometric distribution.
Acoustic signal adversarial augmentation for pressure pipeline leakage detection
Authors: Wang Kaixuan , Yang Yong , Zhao Xiaoli
Published: August 2024

Pressure pipelines are prone to leakage under harsh working condition for a long time, and the leakage detection reaches unsatisfactory performance due to influence of background noise and insufficient sample for acoustic signals. Therefore, the acoustic signals adversarial augmentation method is proposed for pressure pipeline leakage detection based on noise reduction and sample generation. By deeply connecting with generative adversarial network (GAN), denoising autoencoder (DAE) and residual network (ResNet), the adversarial denoising and generation model (ADGM) is established to reduce the noise of acoustic signal. In addition, the trained DAE of ADGM is applied to augment the acoustic samples, thereby completing adversarial augmentation of acoustic signal, which is significant for pressure pipeline leakage detection. Besides, the pipeline leakage experiment is implemented to validate the proposed method on noise reduction and sample generation, which can reach pressure pipeline detection accuracy of 93.02% based on augmented acoustic signal. Further, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are tested by ablation experiments and comparative methods.
Exploring fabrication strategies and innovative applications of ionic polymer metal composites: state-of-the-art review
Authors: Ch Sridhar Yesaswi , Avvari Venkata Dinesh , Sahu Santosh Kumar , Sreekanth P S Rama , Barick Aruna Kumar , Salunkhe Sachin , Cep Robert , Abouel Nasr Emad
Published: August 2024

Various studies have been conducted to investigate the development of sustainable materials that possess the ability to respond to specific stimuli while preserving their original form. Electric energy is the most appealing way to stimulate Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC), allowing them to act as actuators and sensors. IPMCs are excellent alternatives despite challenging manufacturing conditions due to their good strain rates, quick responsive nature, high reliability, and mechanical compatibility. IPMC materials are highly sought after for their bio-inspired features. Researchers are developing IPMC materials that can act as thrusters, which entails establishing scientific and engineering groundwork and grasping operational principles. Nonetheless, a substantial understanding of the factors affecting their competence and persistence has been achieved through these efforts. Moreover, there is progress in developing effective processing techniques to fabricate IPMC. In this paper, IPMC mechanisms and respective fabrication techniques are reviewed in brief. Similarly, applications of the IPMCs in various fields are also discussed.
Optimal reactive power dispatch with renewable energy sources using hybrid whale and sine cosine optimization algorithm
Authors: P Venkatesh , Kumar K Sri
Published: August 2024

The optimization of reactive power dispatch entails the complex challenge of controlling and managing the flow of reactive power in power networks to maintain desired voltage levels across many buses. Nowadays, there is a rising preference for employing renewable energy sources rather than traditional thermal generators. This change presents both challenges and possibilities for power system operators and managers. This paper addresses the Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD) problem by presenting a novel approach that incorporates solar and wind power plants into existing power networks using the Hybrid Whale and Sine Cosine Optimisation Algorithm (HWSCOA). Solar and wind power plants are established at bus 5 and bus 8 respectively to replace traditional thermal generators in a specific case study using the IEEE 30-bus system. To handle uncertainties associated with load demand changes and the intermittent nature of renewable energy generation, the study employs probability density functions and a variety of scenarios. The primary goal is to minimize power losses in transmission cables while also lowering voltage changes throughout the network. To address uncertainty in load demands and renewable energy output, a scenario-based methodology is used, generating 30 different scenarios to cover all conceivable outcomes. By presenting the ORPD challenge as an optimization problem, the study hopes to achieve considerable reductions in power losses and voltage variations from nominal levels. The findings of this study reveal encouraging results, including significant reductions in power losses and optimized voltage stability even under shifting conditions.
A survey of support theories for Lie superalgebras and finite supergroup schemes
Authors: Drupieski Christopher , Kujawa Jonathan
Published: August 2024

We survey the current state of various support variety theories for Lie superalgebras and finite supergroup schemes. We pay particular attention to the theory in characteristic zero developed by Boe, Kujawa, and Nakano using relative Lie superalgebra cohomology, and to the theory developed in positive characteristic in our previous work.
Crisis of Education Remediation Plans
Authors: Colvin Molly , Reesman Jennifer Linton , Glen Tannahill
Published: August 2024

Educational plans for remediation of attenuated gains have varied enormously across districts. There is currently no known intervention that would produce sufficient gains in a time- or cost-effective manner. There is no unified or standardized remediation intervention and efforts may be hampered by level of participation, scaled costs and parental awareness of losses at the individual level. This chapter reviews those disparate approaches and the fallout of the failure of remediation plans to meet the significant needs of children, including a push to change cutoffs and definitions of proficiency, and reduced access to advanced coursework. Troubling long-term impacts include a fiscal cliff for school systems that jeopardizes the public education system as we know it.