bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does providing healthcare professionals with data about their performance improve their practice?
Authors:   Department of Family Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile, Pantoja Tomás , Flottorp Signe ,   Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Published: August 2022

Audit and feedback is commonly used as a strategy to improve professional practice. It appears logical that healthcare professionals would be prompted to modify their practice if given feedback that their clinical practice was inconsistent with that of their peers or accepted guidelines.
What are the impacts of policies regarding hiring, retaining, and training district health system managers?
Authors:   Unit for Health Policy and Systems Research, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católi-ca de Chile. Santiago, Chile., Herrera Cristian
Published: August 2022

District managers are playing an increasingly important role in determining the performance of health systems in low-income countries as a result of decentralization. Different approaches are used to improve the quality of district managers, including ways in which managers are hired, retained, and trained.
Do interventions for controlling the emigration of health professionals from low and middle income countries work?
Authors:   Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Switzerland, Steinmann Peter
Published: August 2022

Health professionals trained in low and middle income countries (LMICs) constitute a substantial proportion of the healthcare workforce in certain high income countries (HICs). The migration of health professionals from LMICs to these HICs contributes to a shortage of health professionals in LMICs. The resources used to train health professionals in source LMIC countries therefore, in effect, subsidise the HICs that benefit from this migration.
Do multi-component community-based interventions improve dengue vector control?
Authors:   Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Ciapponi Agustín
Published: August 2022

Dengue is an infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Dengue has dramatic negative impacts on health, the environment and the economy, particulary in the tropics. The use of community-based dengue control programmes has increased in the last few decades in order to address this major public health problem.
RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN MILITARY CONFLICT: TERMINOLOGICAL AND DISCURSIVE DIMENSIONS
Authors: Semotiuk Orest
Published: August 2022

The paper is devoted to terminological, typological and discursive dimension of concepts describing modern conflicts. Historical development of concept “war” is retraced including four generations of warfare. Difficulties in establishing a methodological framework for analyzing the media coverage of military conflicts are analyzed and an interdisciplinary approach to the media coverage of military conflicts is proposed. This enables the integration of different theories - international relations, conflict studies, political communication and journalism. Two dimensions of the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict (physical and discursive) are desribed. In the physical dimension, the conflict is localized. The discursive dimension of the conflict is implemented at the global, interstate (Russian-Ukrainian) and local (intra-Ukrainian) levels. Discursive understanding of the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict was investigated on local level. The object of analysis was coverage of the conflict in 4 Ukrainian online news portals. The need of new methodological approaches to analysis of the relationship between the media and security issues is emphasized.
Effect of adherence to follow-up on recovery from moderate acute malnutrition among under-fives in a supplementary feeding programme
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Udoh Ekong Emmanuel , Umoh Rosemary Augustine ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Edem Kevin Bassey ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Okpokowuruk Frances Samuel ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Udoh Ekemini Nsikan ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Nwazuluoke Blessing Njideka ,   Dietetic Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Motilewa Olugbemi Oluseyi ,   Department of Community Medicine, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Supplementary feeding programme is a strategy for managing underfives with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). This study aimed to determine the effect of adherence to follow-up on recovery from MAM among under-fives. Methods: A clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of daily supplementary rations of a standardised milk-based formulation (SMBF), standardised non-milk-based formulation (SNMBF), and hospital-based formulation (HBF) on recovery from MAM over a four months period was conducted among eligible children aged 6 – 59 months. Recovery from MAM among participants was determined based on their status of adherence to follow-up at week 16. It was deemed statistically significant if p-value was <0.05. Results: Of the 157 children evaluated, 41/54 (75.9%) who received the SMBF, 32/57 (56.1%) who received the SNMBF, and 22/46 (47.8%) who received the HBF had good adherence. Adherence to follow-up was significantly higher with SMBF than SNMBF and HBF (χ²=8.923; p=0.012). In all, 95/157 (60.5%) had good adherence to follow-up with 73/95 (76.8%) recovery from MAM against 42/62 (67.7%) recovery in those with poor adherence (p=0.208). Conclusion: The status of adherence to scheduled follow-up was not significantly associated with recovery from MAM among under-fives enrolled in the supplementary feeding programme. Nevertheless, efforts at promoting adherence to scheduled follow-up visits should be sustained.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS AN ELEMENT OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM OF BUSINESS ENTITIES
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Dalevska Nataliya
Published: August 2022

Purpose. To research the value principles of responsibility as an element of the economic security system of business entities in the context of sustainable development, to substantiate the socio-economic content of the business entities' responsibility. Methods. The analysis of the value principles of responsibility as an element of the economic security system of business entities is grounded on the methods of systematic and structural-functional analysis and the method of theoretical generalisation. Substantiation of the socio-economic content of business entities' responsibility is based on an institutional approach. Results. Emphasis is placed on the causality of business entities' social responsibility, which is manifested in the ability of the economic security system of business entities to self-organization. According to the study of the value principles of responsibility as an element of business entities' economic security, it is proved that in the context of sustainable development, consolidation of the constructive norms of business entities' responsibility is not subject to a unified logic of economic utility, go beyond economic determinism, and are postmaterial, individualized. Scientific novelty. The paper substantiates the socio-economic content of responsibility as an element of the economic security system of business entities based on the definition of the constructive components of the relationship of responsibility: target content, comparative content, and cognitive content. Practical significance. The results of the study form a scientific and practical core for improving the mechanisms of business entities' economic security and the regulatory legal framework of social responsibility in ensuring the sustainable development of the economic system
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ РЕСУРСНОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ СУБ’ЄКТА ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Katranzhy Leonid
Published: August 2022

The purpose is to analyze the peculiarities of resource security management of the economic entity as one of the components of its security system. On the basis of the methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, the features of resource security management of the enterprise are clarified. Obtaining reliable results is ensured by the use of general scientific methods of research - theoretical generalization and scientific abstraction. The resource security of the enterprise is based on ensuring the efficiency of the use of its resource base, the formation of resource potential as the sum of the potentials of individual types of resources (labour, financial, material and technical, informational), the balance of individual components of the resource provision of the enterprise under the influence of numerous external and internal threats. It was found that the main conditions for ensuring the effective management of the enterprise's resource security in the near future should be considered: effective personnel policy, stabilization of the financial situation, implementation and wide use of innovative technologies. It was determined that these conditions must be considered in their interdependence and interdependence. Emphasis is placed on the expediency of identifying resource security as a separate component of the business entity's security system. A systematization of the features of resource security management of the enterprise based on the characteristics of its constituent components is proposed. The results of the study form a scientific and practical basis for ensuring the effective management of resource security of the enterprise in order to maintain the proper trajectory of its development. The given features of resource security management of the enterprise, arising from the main provisions of the theory of the resource relationship of the firm, form the basis of ensuring the successful functioning of the subject of entrepreneurial activity and allow to cover other sides of the scientific problem and contribute to increasing the degree of validity of management decisions.
IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF DETENALISATION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Lyzunova Olena , Prydatko Ella ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Mizina Olena ,   Donetsk National Technical University
Published: August 2022

Objective. To identify directions for the detenalisation of the national economy based on an analysis of the current state of the shadow sector in various countries. Methodology. The goal of the research is achieved by using general scientific and methodological techniques of economic science (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction); economic and statistical methods (comparative analysis, grouping, factor analysis); economic and mathematical methods. Thus, with the help of analysis, the level of shadow economy is being assessed. The comparative method makes it possible to describe the main approaches to detenalisation in various countries. Grouping is needed to determine the size of the shadow economy by region of the world and by the level of development of countries. Result. The study reveals that, to date, there is no comprehensive approach at the global level to counteracting the shadow economy. Only individual manifestations of the shadow economy are combated, and measures are taken without regard to national specifics. This paper identifies and characterises the stages of the shadow economy. Measures aimed at reducing the shadow economy in the country have been presented. Scientific novelty. The necessity of improving the process of detenalization of the national economy has been substantiated. Practical relevance. The reduction of shadow activity will be facilitated by the optimization of tax legislation and the growth of the standard of living of the population. The study formed the priority measures to counteract the shadow economy.
УПРАВЛІННЯ РЕСУРСНОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА НА ЗАСАДАХ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО ОБЛІКУ І ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНИХ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Popova Olha , Panchenko Hanna ,   Donetsk National Technical University
Published: August 2022

Goal is the justification of the essence and purpose of strategic accounting as one of the components of the enterprise management system and accounting and analytical support for the process of making strategic management decisions, determining its tasks, subject and research methods for reflecting its objects. The study of theoretical generalization of the concept of strategic accounting is based on the methods of System Analysis, generalization and comparison. The systematic approach became the basis for determining the relationship between accounting and analytical support and the strategic enterprise management system. It is proved that in modern conditions of strategic uncertainty, the functioning of an enterprise depends on an effective management system. The essence of strategic accounting is considered, the main approaches to defining the concept of "strategic accounting"are studied and analyzed. It is proved that strategic accounting is a component of the enterprise management system and is aimed at providing users and management of the enterprise with information for making managerial decisions focused on achieving the strategic goals of the enterprise. It is determined that strategic accounting has specific methods that distinguish it from other types of accounting. It is determined that one of the most common methods of organizing strategic accounting in industrial enterprises is the balance direction of strategic accounting development, which has become widespread in Germany, Austria, France, and the United States. It is proved that the methodology of strategic Accounting Today is the object of further scientific and analytical research. The concept of "strategic accounting"is defined. It is proposed to apply an integration approach along with the balance sheet method of strategic accounting, which makes it possible to highlight the essence of strategic accounting as a component of the accounting and analytical system integrated into the process of making strategic management decisions in the enterprise management system. Practical significance of the reached result is the next. The results of the study form the theoretical and scientific basis of the essence and concept of strategic accounting forms the practical basis for using strategic accounting tools in the enterprise management system
HUMANCENTRISM AS A BASIC CATEGORY OF PHILOSOPHY OF ECONOMICS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Voichuk Maksym
Published: August 2022

Aim. Theoretical and methodological substantiation of the concept of people-centeredness as a basic category of sustainable development economy in order to form a basis for further study of the economic system through the prism of the concept of sustainable development. Method. Analysis of scientific literature on current trends in philosophy of economics, problems of human-centric approach in economics, research and critique of anthropocentrism. Results. The analysis is carried out and the methodological bases of rethinking the role and place of human in the structure and processes of economic activity are singled out. It is determined that modern trends in the philosophy of economics form new models, methods, and laws of management. It is noted that the change of priorities of socio-economic development transforms the theoretical and methodological foundations of research and the actual philosophy of economics. In turn, there is a need for more in-depth research and the use of new approaches and tools. The prospects of the research results are to form the basis for a qualitative new study of the economics of sustainable development, in particular using a holistic approach. Opportunities and prospects for studying economic processes based on the concept of holism are prospects for further research. Scientific novelty. The place and role of the concept of anthropocentrism as a basic category of sustainable development economy are substantiated, as well as key trends in the philosophy of economics in this context are identified. Practical significance. The results of the study allow asserting the formation of a new array of theoretical and methodological data that require more detailed research and conceptualization. Humancentrism as a basic category of the economy of sustainable development forms new perspectives for the study of economic processes and reflects changes in the philosophy of economic thought in general.
СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Myroshnychenko Ganna , Burtseva Olena ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: August 2022

Goal. The purpose of the article is to highlight trends and analyze the factors of economic development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. Method. To achieve this goal, the article used general scientific methods of formal logic, which allow establishment of the factors of negative impact on the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The method of dialectics is used in the work, in particular the method of scientific abstraction, which allows to identify the level of human capital development with the level of entrepreneurship, the impact of the level of economic innovation on business development. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the analysis of the state of business development in Ukraine. Results. The results of the study suggest that the subjects of large, medium and small enterprises have a large production and powerful human resources. Entrepreneurship development needs comprehensive support at both the state and regional levels to address structural imbalances. An analysis of the number of employees in large, medium, small and micro enterprises in Ukraine. The dynamics of products produced by large, medium, small and micro enterprises in Ukraine was analyzed. Labor productivity by subjects of large, medium, small and micro-entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine is analyzed. An analytical study found out that recently, businesses are developing at a slower pace, due to objective and subjective factors. Strategic directions of development of business of Ukraine are formed. Scientific novelty. Exploring the development potential of business entities allows you to build activities through the introduction of legislative innovations and comprehensive support for entrepreneurship at all levels of government. Practical significance. The practical significance of the study is to determine the negative effects of the external environment on the state of entrepreneurship
Restoration of energy saving fuel elements after using them in a hydrogen environment.
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University», E. LYUBIMENKO
Published: August 2022

Performing research to determine the effect of temperature on fuel cells and changes in the shape of the elements (plates) in contact with hydrogen. It is confirmed that the deformation of the α-PdHn gradient alloy plate develops in two stages. As a result of the research, experimental regularities of hydrogen-induced palladium plate deformation were established, it was determined that when hydrogen saturation in metal a temporary gradient material “metal-hydrogen” is formed and hydrogen concentration stresses always occur. This in turn provides effective planning and determination of the time of penetration of hydrogen into the metal. Helps control shape change and allows you to adjust the modes of operation of the fuel cell. It is determined that the maximum bending of the plate occurs at a constant temperature, and is determined by two fundamental properties of the Pd-H system, namely, the diffusion coefficient and equilibrium solubility of hydrogen in pala-action. However, when the temperature changes, the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in palladium and the equilibrium concentration of hydrogen in palladium change, which determines the temperature dependence of the final bending (umin) of the plate and its change (both increase and decrease) with unilateral hydrogen saturation. The scientific novelty is the use of the known material palladium, which in contact with hydrogen becomes a temporary gradient alloy with variable physical properties. It is established that the heat exchange in the plate and the energy equilibrium around the plate are based on the velocity on the heat flux that occurs during reactions in the fuel cells and the heat losses that occur in the fuel cell. The practical importance of the work lies in the possibility of using the developed algorithm in practice in the manufacture of specific devices operating on the basis of a fuel cell - hydrogen, with the possibility of modeling this process in MaСad. But improving the working conditions of fuel cells and hydrogen sensors, because at low temperatures there is a relatively small residual bending of the plate, and accordingly the shape of the fuel cell.
Improving the reliability of energy supply to consumers in distributed generation networks.
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University», D. OSTRENKO , O. KOLLAROV ,   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University»
Published: August 2022

. During the work [1] it was shown how, thanks to the developed algorithm, it is possible to disconnect consumers in the distributed generation network, with insufficient power at the output of the photovoltaic plant and reconnect them when the power value is sufficient. However, the paper did not pay much attention to switching consumers to the centralized grid and the issue of charging and discharging the battery station. Therefore, when writing this paper, the aim was to study the above issues on the installation of "Photovoltaic Station", as well as on the relevant mathematical model. As a result of the study, the process of electricity transmission from the generation facility - the solar station, to the consumption facility - the electric drive was improved. To successfully solve the problem, the following goals were set and solved: to analyze possible ways to switch the consumer to backup power sources; to develop an algorithm for controlling the charge / discharge of batteries; to improve the mathematical model developed earlier in [1]; thanks to the STM32F46NG DISCOVERY board to perform the practical implementation of the accepted theoretical provisions regarding switching algorithms. The purpose of this research is to develop a control system for consumer power supply in the power system. The control of the photovoltaic power plant due to the use of the STM32 board is considered in [2] and [3], the result of these experiments was the practical implementation of automated data collection and subsequent control in the photovoltaic power plant.
The use of computer modeling of the electrical network in the implementation of measures to compensate for reactive power.
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University», E. NIEMTSEV
Published: August 2022

The article identified the place of electricity in the world market economy, noted the growing problem of lack of energy resources. The principles of reliable and uninterrupted power supply to consumers during a certain period of time are determined, the role of external factors on the quality of electricity supply is indicated. The paper notes that the main consumers of electricity are industrial facilities, whose technological processes are characterized by the presence of nonlinear loads, which leads to the emergence of transients that significantly affect the parameters of power supply systems, causing fluctuations in system parameters. In the presence of nonlinear consumers, their operation is able to produce reactive power in the network, which causes the circulation of power between the energy source and its consumers and leads to numerous negative phenomena - increased losses in conductive elements, the need for high power equipment, increasing cable and wire the emergence of harmonic fluctuations, increasing economic losses during operation. The paper reviews a wide range of literature sources devoted to the introduction of means and methods of reactive power compensation, determines the relevance of such studies. It has been proven that the variety of application conditions and the wide range of reactive power compensation devices require the use of modern computer software to study the operation of power systems. A model of the energy system was drawn up, which has the maximum approximation to the real scheme and contains loads of active-inductive nature. Based on the simulation results, graphical dependences were obtained, illustrating the nature of the change in maximum voltage and reactive energy production without and when applying reactive power compensation measures.
Geometrization of solar panel structures and its impact on the productivity of electricity production.
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University», N. SAVCHENKO
Published: August 2022

. The current direction in the development of renewable energy today is the efficient use of the potential of solar energy. The construction of energy-efficient low-power autonomous solar power supply systems is a priority task, the solution of which will lead to energy independence of the consumer from the electricity market. Decentralization of energy supply is currently a global trend. Renewable energy is a solution to many problems of energy systems in an energy crisis. It is on renewable energy sources and autonomous power plants built on their basis that the future is. But their construction must meet a number of requirements, such as energy efficiency, performance, reliability, mobility and modularity. . The constructive issues of building photovoltaic plants are important and require an individual approach in each case, taking into account a variety of impact indicators. Therefore, it is very important to identify the optimal geometric design of an autonomous photogeneration system, which is the most energy efficient and productive in terms of generating electrical energy. The generation of electrical energy by solar power plants and, accordingly, the energy efficiency and performance of solar panels depends on many factors, but climatic and technical ones have the greatest influence. Since it is impossible to influence the change in climatic conditions, it is accordingly necessary to adapt to them in order to reduce their impact. Thus, one of the solutions is the location of solar panels at an optimal angle to directional solar radiation. From a technical point of view, the issue of adapting solar panels to climatic factors has been studied for a long time and has certain solutions. But constructive issues that also ensure the mobility and modularity of an autonomous solar installation, taking into account such parameters as the occupied area, the location of the components of the energy storage system, the conversion system and the control system, require further development. One of the solutions to these issues is the geometrization of the design of a solar power plant, making it in the form of a geometric figure with the location of all the necessary devices and systems in the middle of it. The paper considers solar power plants structurally made in the form of a cube and in the form of a cone. The theoretical review of the construction of solar power plants in the form of geometric structures allows us to conclude that each given design has such general advantages as a reduction in the area of placement, structural stability and modularity. But all the considered designs need further development in order to increase their efficiency and, accordingly, energy performance.
Restoration of energy saving fuel elements after using them in a hydrogen environment.
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University», E. LYUBIMENKO , A.A. SHTEPA ,   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University»
Published: August 2022

As a result of the conducted literature research the experimentally fixed positions about features of the hydrogen-induced deformation of a palladium plate are described. It is determined that when hydrogen saturation in the metal, a temporary gradient material "metal-hydrogen" is formed and hydrogen stress concentrations always occur. This in turn provides effective planning and determination of the time of penetration of hydrogen into the metal. The obtained experimental facts allow to control the change of shape and regulate the modes of operation of the fuel cell during the operation of the products. It is described that the maximum bending of the plate occurs at a constant temperature, and is determined by two fundamental properties of the palladium system - hydrogen, namely, the diffusion coefficient and equilibrium solubility of hydrogen in palladium. However, when the temperature changes, the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in palladium and the equilibrium concentration of hydrogen in palladium changes, which determines the temperature dependence of the final bending of the plate and its change) when interacting with hydrogen. The scientific novelty is the use of the known material palladium, which in contact with hydrogen becomes a temporary gradient alloy with variable physical properties. It is established that the heat exchange in the plate and the energy balance around the plate depends on the rate of interaction of hydrogen and material, as well as the rate of heat flux that occurs during chemical reactions in fuel cells and heat loss in the fuel cell. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using certain physical bases in practice in the manufacture of specific devices that work as a fuel cell with hydrogen. You can also model this process in MaCad and improve the operating conditions of fuel cells and hydrogen sensors, because at low temperatures there is a relatively small residual bending of the main components, and accordingly there are changes in the shape of these components.
Etiology- and region-specific characteristics of transependymal cerebrospinal fluid flow
Authors: Yang Peter H. , Almgren-Bell Alison , Gu Hongjie , Dowling Anna V. , Pugazenthi Sangami , Mackey Kimberly , Dupépé Esther B. , Strahle Jennifer M.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Transependymal flow (TEF) of CSF, often delineated as T2-weighted hyperintensity adjacent to the lateral ventricles on MRI, is a known imaging finding, usually in the setting of CSF flow disturbances. Specific radiological features of TEF and their relationships with clinical markers of hydrocephalus and underlying disease pathology are not known. Here, the authors describe the radiological features and clinical associations of TEF with implications for CSF circulation in the setting of intracranial pathology.

METHODS

After obtaining IRB review and approval, the authors reviewed the radiological records of all patients who underwent intracranial imaging with CT or MRI at St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, between 2008 and 2019 to identify individuals with TEF. Then, under direct review of imaging, TEF pattern, degree, and location and underlying pathology and other radiological and clinical features pertaining to CSF circulation and CSF disturbances were noted.

RESULTS

TEF of CSF was identified in 219 patients and was most prevalent in the setting of neoplasms (72%). In 69% of the overall cohort, TEF was seen adjacent to the anterior aspect of the frontal horns and the posterior aspect of the occipital horns of the lateral ventricles, and nearly half of these patients also had TEF dorsal to the third ventricle near the splenium of the corpus callosum. This pattern was independently associated with posterior fossa medulloblastoma when compared with pilocytic astrocytoma (OR 4.75, 95% CI 1.43–18.53, p = 0.0157). Patients with congenital or neonatal-onset hydrocephalus accounted for 13% of patients and were more likely to have TEF circumferentially around the ventricles without the fronto-occipital distribution. Patients who ultimately required permanent CSF diversion surgery were more likely to have the circumferential TEF pattern, a smaller degree of TEF, and a lack of papilledema at the time of CSF diversion surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

CSF transmigration across the ependyma is usually restricted to specific periventricular regions and is etiology specific. Certain radiological TEF characteristics are associated with tumor pathology and may reflect impaired or preserved ependymal fluid handling and global CSF circulation. These findings have implications for TEF as a disease-specific marker and in understanding CSF handling within the brain.
Bautechnik der Gebäudehülle
Authors: Ragonesi Marco , Paulus Axel , Plüss Iwan , Notter Gregor , Burkhardt David , Miloni Reto , Lenel Severin , Scandone Jürgen , Schüller Eduard , Wolfisberg Urs , Zurfluh Benno
Published: August 2022

Die Publikation vermittelt in leicht verständlicher Weise das Basiswissen zu den heute gängigen Bauweisen der Gebäudehülle, die in der Praxis sehr vielfältig sind. Es kommen u.a. Komponenten wie Behaglichkeit, Wärmeschutz, Schallschutz, Raumakustik, Feuchte, Luftdichtheit, Licht und Brandschutz zur Sprache, aber auch Dachkonstruktionen, Fenster, Türen, Treppe/Lift, Wand- und Bodenkonstruktionen. Energiefragen, insbesondere die Sonnenenergienutzung, erhalten einen grossen Stellenwert. Auch Instandhaltung und Renovation werden thematisiert. Objektbeispiele sowie ein umfangreiches Glossar runden den Inhalt ab. Der Band eignet sich als Lehrmittel für die Ausbildung von Baufachleuten auf verschiedenen Stufen – von der Hochbauzeichnerausbildung bis zum Architekturstudium an Fachhochschulen und Hochschulen, sowie für die Weiterbildung von Baufachleuten in Planung und Ausführung. Ebenso dient er als Nachschlagewerk für Baupraktikerinnen und Baupraktiker in Planung und Ausführung.
Identification of Major Cognitive Disorders in Self-Reported versus Administrative Health Data: A Cohort Study in Quebec
Authors: Dufour Isabelle ,   on behalf of the TORSADE Cohort Working Group, Vedel Isabelle , Quesnel-Vallée Amélie
Published: August 2022

Background: The first imperative in producing the relevant and needed knowledge about major neurocognitive disorder (MNCD) is to identify people presenting with the condition adequately. To document potential disparities between administrative health databases and population-based surveys could help identify specific challenges in this population and methodological shortfalls. Objective: To describe and compare the characteristics of community-dwelling older adults according to four groups: 1) No MNCD; 2) Self-reported MNCD only; 3) MNCD in administrative health data only; 4) MNCD in both self-reported and administrative health data. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the Care Trajectories-Enriched Data (TorSaDE) cohort, a linkage between five waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and health administrative health data. We included older adults living in the community who participated in at least one cycle of the CCHS. We reported on positive and negative MNCD in self-reported versus administrative health data. We then compared groups’ characteristics using chi-square tests and ANOVA. Results: The study cohort was composed of 25,125 older adults, of which 784 (3.1%) had MNCD. About 70% of people with an MNCD identified in administrative health data did not report it in the CCHS. The four groups present specific challenges related to the importance of perception, timely diagnosis, and the caregivers’ roles in reporting health information. Conclusion: To a certain degree, both data sources fail to consider subgroups experiencing issues related to MNCD; studies like ours provide insight to understand their characteristics and needs better.
A Mini-Mental State Examination Formula May Help to Distinguish Alzheimer’s Disease from Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Ala Tom , Bakir Danah , Goel Srishti , Feller Nida , Botchway Albert , Womack Cindy
Published: August 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) differ in their memory, attention, and visuoconstructional characteristics. The subscales of the well-known Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) provide an opportunity to assess these characteristics. Previous research has shown that analysis of the MMSE subscale performance of AD and DLB patients helps to differentiate them. Objective: Study the MMSE scores of AD and DLB patients to see if the ability of previously reported analyses to differentiate them could be improved. Include other dementia patients for perspective. Methods: We studied the MMSEs of all patients seen in our clinics during an 18-month period. Different equations were studied, derived from the subscales of Memory (M, 3 points maximum), Attention (A, 5 points maximum), and Pentagon-copying (P, 1 point maximum). Results: We obtained 400 MMSEs, 136 from AD patients and 24 from DLB patients, scoring range 1–30. The equation P minus M provided the best discrimination between AD and DLB. Using a P-M score = 1 to identify AD, the positive predictive value was 0.97, negative predictive value 0.22, specificity 0.92, and sensitivity 0.43. As a secondary finding, the P-M = 1 equation was also helpful to differentiate AD from Parkinson’s disease dementia. Conclusion: Considering AD versus DLB in our clinic population, a demented patient who was unable to recall the three memory words on the MMSE but able to copy the intersecting pentagons had a 97% likelihood of having AD. Additional work is needed to improve the sensitivity of the P-M = 1 equation.
Diagnostic Yield of Chilaiditi’s Sign in Advanced-Phase Late-Onset Pompe Disease
Authors: Takahashi Junichiro , Mori-Yoshimura Madoka , Ariga Hajime , Sato Noriko , Nishino Ichizo , Takahashi Yuji
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Chilaiditi’s sign (CS), hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the intestine, was caused by morphological abnormalities such as diaphragmatic atrophy, intestinal dilation, and liver atrophy. The sign is potentially important due to associations with clinically recurrent abdominal pain or even colonic volvulus. Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) could have the high prevalence of CS because of widened hepatodiaphragmatic space, following diaphragmatic atrophy, and the abnormal dilation of intestine caused by glycogen accumulation in smooth muscle of intestine. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of CS in LOPD, and to identify the risk factors of CS in LOPD patients.

Methods:

Medical records of genetically confirmed patients of Pompe disease at the National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated CS using chest X-ray (CXR) and abdominal CT and assessed the prevalence of CS in LOPD patients. We also divided the patients into two groups, CS and non-CS group, and evaluated the factor associated with CS compared to clinical variables between groups.

Results:

Three of seven (43%) were detected in CS. CS group (P5-7) and non-CS group (P1-4) were obtained. In comparison of clinical variables, the severity of atrophy in right diaphragms was significantly higher in CS than non-CS groups ( p = 0.029). Also, the frequency of abnormal position of right diaphragm and liver, and abnormally dilated bowel was seen in all of CS patients, but none of non-CS patient ( p = 0.029, each).

Conclusion:

In LOPD patients, the prevalence of CS was much higher of 43%, compared to healthy groups, or even in similarly respiratory muscle impaired neuromuscular diseases. The anatomically abnormal position of diaphragm and liver, atrophy and fat infiltration of diaphragms, and abnormally dilated bowel were significantly associated with CS in LOPD. We should pay more attention to CXR or abdominal CT as follow up in LOPD patients.
Effects of Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel on Dyskinesia and Non-Motor Symptoms Including Sleep: Results from a Meta-Analysis with 24-Month Follow-Up
Authors: Chaudhuri K. Ray , Antonini Angelo , Pahwa Rajesh , Odin Per , Titova Nataliya , Thakkar Sandeep , Snedecor Sonya J. , Hegde Saket , Alobaidi Ali , Parra Juan Carlos , Zadikoff Cindy , Bergmann Lars , Standaert David G.
Published: August 2022

Background:

In advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD), dyskinesias and non-motor symptoms such as sleep dysfunction can significantly impair quality of life, and high-quality management is an unmet need.

Objective:

To analyze changes in dyskinesia and non-motor symptoms (including sleep) among studies with levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) in patients with advanced PD.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature review identified relevant studies examining LCIG efficacy. Outcomes of interest were dyskinesia (UDysRS, UPDRS IV item 32), overall non-motor symptoms (NMSS), mentation/behavior/mood (UPDRS I), and sleep/daytime sleepiness (PDSS-2, ESS). The pooled mean (95% confidence interval) change from baseline per outcome was estimated for each 3-month interval with sufficient data (i.e., reported by≥3 studies) up to 24 months using a random-effects model.

Results:

Seventeen open-label studies evaluating 1243 patients with advanced PD were included. All outcomes of interest with sufficient data for meta-analysis showed statistically significant improvement within 6 months of starting LCIG. There were statistically significant improvements in dyskinesia duration as measured by UPDRS IV item 32 at 6 months (–1.10 [–1.69, –0.51] h/day) and 12 months (–1.35 [–2.07, –0.62] h/day). There were statistically and clinically significant improvements in non-motor symptoms as measured by NMSS scores at 3 months (–28.71 [–40.26, –17.15] points). Significant reduction of NMSS burden was maintained through 24 months (–17.61 [–21.52, –13.70] points). UPDRS I scores significantly improved at 3 months (–0.39 [–0.55, –0.22] points). Clinically significant improvements in PDSS-2 and ESS scores were observed at 6 and 12 months in individual studies.

Conclusion:

Patients with advanced PD receiving LCIG showed significant sustained improvements in the burden of dyskinesia and non-motor symptoms up to 24 months after initiation.
Video-Based Automated Assessment of Movement Parameters Consistent with MDS-UPDRS III in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Vignoud Gaëtan , Desjardins Clément , Salardaine Quentin , Mongin Marie , Garcin Béatrice , Venance Laurent , Degos Bertrand
Published: August 2022

Background:

Among motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), including rigidity and resting tremor, bradykinesia is a mandatory feature to define the parkinsonian syndrome. MDS-UPDRS III is the worldwide reference scale to evaluate the parkinsonian motor impairment, especially bradykinesia. However, MDS-UPDRS III is an agent-based score making reproducible measurements and follow-up challenging.

Objective:

Using a deep learning approach, we developed a tool to compute an objective score of bradykinesia based on the guidelines of the gold-standard MDS-UPDRS III.

Methods:

We adapted and applied two deep learning algorithms to detect a two-dimensional (2D) skeleton of the hand composed of 21 predefined points, and transposed it into a three-dimensional (3D) skeleton for a large database of videos of parkinsonian patients performing MDS-UPDRS III protocols acquired in the Movement Disorder unit of Avicenne University Hospital.

Results:

We developed a 2D and 3D automated analysis tool to study the evolution of several key parameters during the protocol repetitions of the MDS-UPDRS III. Scores from 2D automated analysis showed a significant correlation with gold-standard ratings of MDS-UPDRS III, measured with coefficients of determination for the tapping (0.609) and hand movements (0.701) protocols using decision tree algorithms. The individual correlations of the different parameters measured with MDS-UPDRS III scores carry meaningful information and are consistent with MDS-UPDRS III guidelines.

Conclusion:

We developed a deep learning-based tool to precisely analyze movement parameters allowing to reliably score bradykinesia for parkinsonian patients in a MDS-UPDRS manner.
Impatiens Downy Mildew
Authors: Warner Laura , Schall Bill , Palmateer Aaron J. , Peres Natalia A.
Published: August 2022

Downy mildew on impatiens is of great concern throughout Florida. Winters in south Florida provide high humidity paired with cool nights, creating ideal conditions for disease development. Downy mildews are caused by several different species of pathogens that tend to be plant-host specific. Plasmopara obducens is the pathogen that affects impatiens. Some literature indicates that nighttime temperatures of about 50 to 72°F favor downy mildew, but the disease has been reported on impatiens year-round in south Florida. This 4-page fact sheet was written by L. Sanagorski (Warner), B. Schall, A.J. Palmateer, and N.A. Peres, and published by the UF Department of Plant Pathology, October 2013.

PP309/PP309: Impatiens Downy Mildew (ufl.edu)
How to Use Deterrents to Stop Damage Caused by Nuisance Wildlife in Your Yard
Authors: Ober Holly K. , Kane Arlo
Published: August 2022

Many of us try to attract particular types of wildlife to our yards so that we can observe them. We often select plants and other materials that we know provide food, cover, and water for those animals we like to watch. However, when unwanted wildlife visits your yard and cause damage, you might need to consider the use of tactics that could deter these unwanted species. This 8-page fact sheet was written by Holly K. Ober and Arlo Kane, and published by the UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, October 2012.
WEC326/UW371: How to Use Deterrents to Stop Damage Caused by Nuisance Wildlife in Your Yard (ufl.edu)
CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF G20 STRATEGIES
Authors: Kuzmenko Oksana , Strilok Ivanna , Shklyar Viktoriya
Published: August 2022

The world community is currently facing economic, environmental and social problems that are interconnected at the global level, problems that no country will be able to cope on its own. Therefore, it is time for the G20 Member States to adopt a shared vision that will enable the world's population to achieve an economically prosperous, environmentally sustainable, socially inclusive future, resilient to unforeseen shocks. This highlights the importance that the G20 attaches to current global issues affecting people's lives around the world. The G20 was created as a structure that can respond flexibly to global challenges. Unlike other international platforms, it does not have a rigidly defined, narrow scope of authority. It also does not have a secretariat with clearly defined bodies. The number of member states is quite small, which allows for collective governance. This prompted us to examine the evolution of the G20 agenda over the last 10 years in terms of the scope and depth of issues covered, priority sectors, tailor-made mechanisms and packages, and, above all, the impact of development.Based on the analysis of economic distancing by different parameters of countries and regions, the global problem of uneven development of human potential and income due to different state of economic systems, resources and technologies, economic policy management and efficiency of investment in technological and innovative development. The systematization of modern economic and political associations indicates the combined efforts of states and regions to solve common environmental, economic, social, cultural, technical problems despite the different levels of economic development and resources, as well as to pursue different national economic interests. However, only the consolidation of efforts makes it possible to determine the potential for solving common global problems of states. These proposals and vectors of development of the G20 countries will improve the positive impact on the world economic system in order to balance global economic development, address poverty, hunger, environmental crises, technological gaps.