bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patients' and physicians' needs, experiences and preferences in the treatment of right ventricular outflow tract dysfunction
Authors: Scalone Luciana , Carminati Mario , Bonhoeffer Philipp , Cortesi Paolo A. , Mantovani Lorenzo G. , Cesana Giancarlo , Hess John
Published: June 2024

Background: patients with congenital heart defects, developing right ventricular outflow tract (rVoT) dysfunction, can face repeated open chest interventions over their lifetime. repeating surgery increases difficulties and procedural risks, and exposes patients to burdensome and long recovery times that may induce them to postpone the treatment, with possible severe and irreversible consequences for their health. The percutaneous procedure was introduced to delay the need for open chest surgery. uncertainties still exist regarding the lifelong consequences that may result from adopting different treatment strategies. current decisions on treatment depend on patients’ clinical needs, but also on physicians’ experience and opinion, patients’ preferences, and procedural costs. The objective is to identify which treatment characteristics influence decisions on how to treat patients with rVoT dysfunction.
Methods: a literature review was conducted, followed by a discussion with a panel of experts. Ten treatment characteristics, potentially relevant for treatment, were identified and rated in a survey, according to the importance assigned to each characteristic by specialist physicians, patients and/or their caregivers.
Results: while some characteristics appear to be more important (risk of severe complications associated with intervention delays) or less important (scar) to both physicians and patients/caregivers, other characteristics are rated differently in importance depending on subjects consulted, e.g., risk of complications during the months post intervention was among the most important characteristics for patients/caregivers, but the fifth most important characteristic for physicians.
Conclusions: to optimize benefits and efficiency of the treatment strategies, perceptions and opinions from the different subjects involved, together with patients’ clinical needs and overall costs, should be considered in decision-making....
Analysis of a pandemic in the Italian newspapers: the A(H1N1) experience
Authors: Zanetti Alessandro , Vercellesi Luisa , Pariani Elena , Laccisaglia Martina , Bruno Flavia
Published: June 2024

Background: in 2009 a novel infective agent, a(H1n1), was recognized by the World Health organization (WHo) as a pandemic virus. Like most European countries, Italy experienced a single pandemic wave during fall-winter 2009. The objective of our study was to evaluate the news reports and the representation of the a(H1n1) pandemic in the Italian newspapers both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Methods: from april 24th, 2009 to February 28th, 2010, seven national newspapers were monitored for the quantitative reporting of a(H1n1). In a three month sample period, reports were evaluated quali- tatively by considering their front page presence, tones used for headlines, and images and figures dedicated to the topic.
Results: in a ten month window, a total of 1220 articles were published. The reporting period showed four peaks and one hollow, with a similar pattern for all the newspapers. during the three-month sample period, we found a total of 382 articles, 98.4% of which appeared on front pages, 33.8% of which contained headlines using alarming tones, and 47.8% which contained info-graphic elements.
Conclusions: the a(H1n1) 2009 pandemic in Italy was mild; nonetheless, newspapers devoted great attention to the new influenza and used alarmist tones. In similar situations, there are several areas where scientists should play a greater role. scientists should support journalists in understanding scientific issues and help them translate scientific information into news items. scientists should also help to contain the anxiety aroused in lay people by a pandemic, and support vaccination efforts dedicated to it....
The development of a tool for measuring the implementation of stewardship in public health
Authors: La Torre Giuseppe , De Belvis Antonio Giulio , Di Thiene Domitilla , Saulle Rosella , Marino Marta , Specchia Maria Lucia , Villari Paolo , Ricciardi Walter , Boccia Antonio
Published: June 2024

Background: Stewardship is contemplated as a way to make the national Health Service more efficient and effective within the context of devolution. In december 2010, the Minister of Health commissioned the university of “Sapienza" and “cattolica" of rome the task of testing and ensuring that we have the appropriate tools for evaluating the implementation level of Stewardship as part of the realization of the actions contemplated in the national Prevention Plan and their application to the Italian regions context.
Methods:the method of analysis included two phases: 1) implementation of the evaluation model and assessment tool; 2) validation of the tool, with the objective of ascertaining its technical-informational functionality. the questionnaire included 141 answers in a closed format (singles or multiples) and was subdivided into five areas of analysis. every function of Stewardship was adjusted by a “weight" and a score (from 0 to 5) assigned by a panel of experts was applied to each item.
Results:“ensuring accountability" was indicated as the most important Stewardship function. “ensuring accountability", “leadership", “resources Management and services", “accountability" and “evidence based medicine/evidence based prevention", respectively, characterized each function. responses were received from 75% of experts. Moreover, suggestions were collected for each question.
Conclusions: considering this relatively new field of interest, to date there are no tools for looking at all aspects of stewardship. However, a rigorous instrument could be crucial for the success of policies. the proposed method could enable one to assess the level of Stewardship implementation, and to compare and propose actions for improvement. this could be essential to achieving the highest levels of quality in Public Health....
Right to health of immigrant minors in Italy and Europe
Authors: Sisto Maria Rosaria , Gargiullo Livia , Ranno Orazio , Valentini Piero
Published: June 2024

Undermined survival is usually the reason to migrate: wars, persecutions, famines, natural calamities are just few examples, as well as cultural, economic, social or religious issues.
The diversity of these reasons thus correlates with the extreme variability of migrants typologies and their origin countries. Nowadays it has been reached a sufficient stability of the phenomenon, also testified by the growing number of family unities in Italy and all over the Europe, and by the birth of several children in the welcoming country.
The “healthy immigrant” effect: does it exist in Europe today?
Authors: Domnich Alexander , Panatto Donatella , Gasparini Roberto , Amicizia Daniela
Published: June 2024

Several studies, carried out mainly in the United States and Canada, have suggested that recent immigrants are generally healthier than native-born populations in spite of the fact that they frequently have a lower socioeconomic status and less access to healthcare services. This “epidemiological paradox” has been called the “healthy immigrant” effect and is usually attributed to a self-selection process prior to migration, “cultural buffering” and official health screening and employability in receiving countries. In this paper, we have evaluated the European scientific research into the existence of the “healthy immigrant” effect.
Female genital mutilation of minors in Italy: is a harmless and symbolic alternative justified?
Authors: Di Pietro Maria Luisa , Teleman Adele A. , Faggioni Maurizio P.
Published: June 2024

In 2004, Omar Abdulcadir - a gynecologist of the Centre for the prevention and therapy of female genital mutilation (FMG) at the Careggi Hospital (Florence) - proposed a “harmless and symbolic” alternative to FMG, which consists in the puncture of the clitoris under local anesthesia, in order to allow the outflow of some drops of blood (1).
The intention behind the symbolic alternative is to avoid more severe forms of FGM while respecting cultural heritage. The proposal of this alternative procedure, which was sustained by the leaders of 10 local African immigrant communities, has encountered ample criticism (1).
However, the question is: is the puncture of the clitoris prohibited by the Italian Law n. 7/2006? If it is not, could it be considered a method of reducing health risks caused by the more invasive forms of FGM (2)? Or could it culturally legitimize FGM, causing a greater difficulty in the attempts to prevent and eradicate FGM in Italy?
Genetic and epigenetic interactions in adaptive thermogenesis pathways in association with obesity from a Public Health Genomics perspective
Authors: Brettfeld Caroline , Englert Stephanie , Aumueller Eva , Haslberger Alexander G.
Published: June 2024

Background: studying and apprehending the pathways and mechanisms by which overweight and obesity trigger complex disease progression is of prime importance for the development of therapy and prevention measures of this major public health burden. This review describes Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and epigenetic methylation as well as histone modification in genes with relevance in adaptive thermogenesis and their possible role in the development of obesity. Epigenetic marks are discussed as solid biomarkers for gene-environment interactions.
Methods: a PubMed search on genetic and epigenetic variation of genes involved in adaptive thermogenesis was performed. The search included English publications between December 1996 and July 2010 reporting associations between SNPs and obesity in Caucasians. The search on epigenetic regulation was limited to DNA methylation and histone modifications. Genes that were found to be associated with the adaptive thermogenesis pathway included beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), the transcription factors peroxisome proliferated activator receptor gamma (PPARγ), peroxisome proliferated activator receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC1α), retinoid acid X receptor alpha (RXRα), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL).
Results: epigenetic studies are mainly discovery orientated and do not test hypotheses. However, SNPs as well as epigenetic mechanisms seem to regulate obesity and adaptive thermogenesis whereas genetic association studies are inconsistent.
Conclusions: the aim of this work was to confirm evidences on the contribution of genetic variations as well as epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of genes associated to obesity. The integration of epigenetic markers in epidemiologic research could help to unravel multi gene-environment interactions.
With this article we show the importance to introduce aspects of the epigenetic regulation in the assessment of obesity: We also discuss the benefits of including epigenomics as an integrative way to account for an individual’s environmental impact in public health policies.
Management of acute-onset pancreatitis in dogs: a Narrative Review
Authors: Lim Sue Yee , Cridge Harry , Twedt David C. , Ohta Hiroshi , Nuruki Takaomi , Steiner Jörg M.
Published: June 2024

Acute-onset pancreatitis (AP) is common in dogs and presents diagnostic as well as management challenges. Until recently, the management of AP in dogs was based mainly on supportive and symptomatic care. Identification and management of a possible cause of the disease is important, but the majority of cases are considered to be idiopathic. Fluid therapy that is tailored to the patient’s needs is crucial to provide adequate hydration while preventing overhydration. Antiemetics are required to control vomiting and fluid loss and aid in early nutritional support. Recognition and management of complications is also crucial. Furthermore, analgesics for abdominal pain are very important. More recently, pharmaceutical modification of the inflammatory cascade has gained interest and the first specific therapeutic agent for the treatment of AP, fuzapladib sodium, has been shown to have a reasonable expectation of effectiveness in a pilot study. This drug has been licensed for the treatment of clinical signs of AP in dogs in Japan and also has achieved FDA conditional approval in the US. Antibiotics should not be used indiscriminately but are indicated for patients with aspiration pneumonia, gastrointestinal bacterial translocation, or evidence of another bacterial infection. Proton pump inhibitors and plasma are not routinely prescribed in pancreatitis unless specifically indicated. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided. Corticosteroid therapy, once thought to be contraindicated, may have some beneficial effects, as shown in a single retrospective study. However, further studies are required before their routine use can be recommended. Finally, a surgical approach is rarely indicated.
Clinical research self-efficacy in academic veterinary clinicians in the United States
Authors: Moore Sarah A. , O’Kell Allison
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

Clinical research is a growing part of the academic clinician’s job, and documenting areas of low self-efficacy can inform training initiatives.

SAMPLE

182 US academic veterinary clinicians.

METHODS

A survey of academic veterinary clinicians was distributed to 31 US institutions. Self-efficacy was assessed with a modified Clinical Research Appraisal Instrument–12. The relationship between research self-efficacy and completion of formal research training and years of experience was evaluated.

RESULTS

Respondents were predominantly junior to midcareer faculty. The lowest reported confidence was in performing advanced statistical analyses (3; 0 to 10). Other low-confidence tasks included designing a qualitative methods study (4; 0 to 10), terminating a collaboration that isn’t working (5; 0 to 10), describing a funding agency’s review/award process (5; 0 to 10), establishing a timeline for a grant application (5; 0 to 10), establishing collaborator and consultant agreements (5; 0 to 10), and asking staff to leave the project team (5; 0 to 10). Completion of a formal research training program was significantly associated with improved self-efficacy in many tasks. Years of experience was also associated, especially in project management and interpersonal interactions.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

These results highlight the need for targeted training opportunities for academic veterinary clinicians in biostatistical support, qualitative study design methods, and aspects of communication and interpersonal skills that are important for developing and leading effective research teams. Range of confidence suggests that development opportunities in all domains will improve self-efficacy for some clinicians. Future studies should focus on the impact of formal training sessions on various domains of self-efficacy and on targeted mentoring in supporting confidence in more experiential learning domains.
Site-specific efficient management of soil resources using GIS and BIM technologies
Authors: Borkowski Andrzej Szymon , Bielska Anna , Kwiatkowska-Malina Jolanta
Published: June 2024

The spatial data sets of soil resources are essential for the interpretation of the site-specific ecosystems, not only concerning process investigations, but also for sustainable soil management The objective of the study was to attempt identification of the primary parameters influencing the rational management of soils available without the necessity of carrying out time-consuming and costly field and laboratory research. The research was carried out in the Pawłów commune (north-eastern part of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland). The research included the application of different methods and interpretation of source materials, including (i) digital soil-agricultural map, (ii) annex to the soil-agricultural map at a scale of 1:5000, (iii) soil quality contours, (iv) digital terrain model, and (v) orthophotomaps. Obtaining data concerning soil type and/or agricultural usefulness complexes would require conducting a generalisation process. Publicly available ortophotomaps and cartographic materials in the form of topographic maps and a numerical terrain model were analysed to determine the extent of soils to be protected. The rational management of space and soil resources can be visualised and documented using BIM technology; however, relying on GIS data is not the most straightforward task due to the lack of integration on the BIM-GIS line. This paper presents the current state of the art and attempts to address selected problems in this area.
Iteration and Communication During the Development of a Smartphone Endoscope Adapter
Authors: Daigle Lauren , MacLennan Liam , Osgood Libby
Published: June 2024

A smartphone endoscope adapter was developed by students for Health PEI to reduce the impact of the limited access to healthcare in rural communities. The adapter allows doctors to connect their smartphones to endoscopes to record procedures, which can aid practitioners in remote diagnosis, record keeping, and follow-up appointments. This article contains a case study of the eight-month service-learning experience to offer insights from two students and their instructor in the second-year engineering design course. The design process, communication, and iteration are outlined in the case study. Throughout the experience, twelve CAD models and seven physical prototypes were developed, and the students continued to iterate and test the device after the academic year ended, demonstrating their devotion to the project. The involvement of the community partner influenced the quality of the design, the motivation of students, the timeline, and the number of iterations. Also, the students’ desire to positively impact a community by providing access to technology was a motivating factor throughout the project, which aligns with the intentions of a service-learning project. A discussion on the impact of reflection and iteration is offered and recommendations are provided for instructors, students, and community partners to optimize service-learning experiences.
Pelatihan Sistem Administrasi Manajemen Pelayanan Publik di Desa Lenteng Timur Kecamatan Lenteng Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Rika Tini Dwi Listia , Hidayat Imam , Alfiyah Nur Inna
Published: June 2024

Pelayanan dibeberapa tingkatan organisasi, dirasa masih kurang tertib administrasi serta terdapat beberapa titik masih kekurangan dalam kinerjanya termasuk organisasi di tingkat pemerintahan desa yang berhadapan langsung dengan rakyat seperti halnya di Desa Lenteng Timur. Permasalahan tersebut seperti belum rapinya pengadministrasian berkas pengajuan seperti KK, KTP dan beberapa berkas dasar lainnya. Kemudian masih adanya pola lama, yakni pembukuan atau administrasi persuratan yang dilakukan oleh aparatur desa yang menggunakan pencatatan manual. Selain itu, juga terdapat kekurangan dalam penyimpanan dokumen yang tidak tertata sehingga para aparatur di Desa Lenteng Timur mengalami kesulitan untuk menemukan kembali dokumen yang dibutuhkan. Permasalahan lainnya juga kekurang pahaman aparatur pemerintah desa lenteng timur akan arti pentingnya pelayanan prima. Maka dari itu, tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah sesuai dengan IKU 5 yakni tim pengabdi memberikan sosialisasi, pelatihan dan pendampingan secara intensif dalam penginputan data atau kegiatan penertiban administrasi di desa Lenteng Timur. Selain itu, Tim pengabdi juga memperkenalkan pengelolaan arsip berbasis digital. Hasil Pengabdian Kepada masyarakat ini para apartur desa memahami pengarsipan adminsitrasi persuratan secara baik sehingga mampu memberikan pelayanan yang lebih baik kepada masyarakat, terutama yang berkaitan dengan adminsitrasi kependudukan. Kegiatan ini juga dapat memberikan pengetahuan berupa teknologi baru dalam dunia kearsipan berbasis digital.
Kata Kunci: Sistem Administrasi, Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, Desa Lenteng Timur
PENGUNGKAPAN MODAL INTELEKTUAL VIA WEBSITE DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Zainullah Moh. , Herli Mohammad , . Hafidhah
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh pengungkapan modal intelektual melalui website terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis konten untuk mengukur tingkat pengungkapan modal intelektual, serta analisis regresi untuk menguji hubungan antara tingkat pengungkapan dan kinerja pemerintah daerah. Data dikumpulkan dari website resmi pemerintah daerah dan laporan kinerja tahunan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengungkapan modal intelektual melalui website memiliki hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan kinerja pemerintah daerah. Pengungkapan yang lebih tinggi terkait dengan peningkatan efisiensi dan efektivitas pelayanan publik, serta transparansi dan akuntabilitas yang lebih baik. Kontribusi praktis penelitian ini adalah memberikan panduan bagi pemerintah daerah dalam meningkatkan kinerja melalui pengelolaan dan pengungkapan modal intelektual secara optimal. Secara teoritis, penelitian ini memperkaya literatur mengenai modal intelektual dan pengungkapan informasi di sektor publik, serta memberikan bukti empiris tentang pentingnya transparansi informasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja organisasi. Keterbatasan penelitian ini meliputi penggunaan data yang terbatas pada periode tertentu dan fokus pada satu negara, sehingga generalisasi hasil mungkin terbatas. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi variabel tambahan dan memperluas cakupan geografis untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif.
Computational Techniques to Generate Space Launch System Aerodynamic Databases
Authors: Deere Karen A. , Krist Steven E. , Ratnayake Nalin A. , Ghaffari Farhad , Pomeroy Brent W. , Wignall Thomas J.
Published: June 2024

This document describes the reasoning and trade studies used to evaluate tools for constructing the aerodynamic lineload databases for the liftoff and transition phases of flight for the Space Launch System. Three computational fluid dynamics codes (USM3D, FUN3D, and Kestrel) were investigated with various turbulence models as well as detached eddy simulation variants for the launch vehicle in free air and in proximity to the tower. Decisions were made mostly based on results from brief developmental studies performed in response to specific, unforeseen challenges that were encountered in the analysis of a given configuration. The need to develop databases in a timely manner, as well as to accurately capture the expected leeward-wake flowfield characteristics, led to the selection of the Kestrel flow solver with its delayed detached eddy simulation method, the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model, and the adaptive mesh refinement capability in the off-body Cartesian grid region.
Analyzing Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris Shield Performance for Sample Return Spacecraft
Authors: Schonberg William P. , Squire Michael
Published: June 2024

Sample-return missions typically seek to collect and return samples from extraterrestrial locations to Earth for analysis. The return of samples from certain locations in the solar system represents a potential hazard to Earth’s biosphere from foreign microorganisms. One way this could occur would be a break-up of the returning capsule during entry (which would disperse the samples through the air) due to undetected damage to the capsule thermal protection system (TPS). As a result, missions that plan to return payloads from some destinations are likely to have certain design requirements for the TPS surrounding their returning capsules, which may include ensuring that the TPS shielding is able to withstand damage due to micrometeoroid and orbital debris impacts. In this paper, we develop a particle impact-based ballistic limit equation (BLE) for a shielded TPS covering a variety of impact scenarios, as well as shield component materials, thicknesses, and internal spacings. The predictions of the BLE we develop with regard to TPS failure/nonfailure are seen to be consistent with the predictions of hydrocode simulations. Because of the manner in which it was developed, the BLE is sufficiently flexible that it can be used for design trade studies and probabilistic risk assessment exercises.
General Burnback Analysis for Anisotropic and Heterogeneous Solid Propellants
Authors: Tizón Juan M. , Benavides Efrén M.
Published: June 2024

For several decades, researchers have successfully computed surface burnback to perform complex analyses and simulations related to the combustion of solid propellants. Many of these methods are heuristic or empirical, lacking a rigorous foundation, whereas others introduce numerical issues not related with the involved physics. This paper establishes a common theoretical and numerical core that bases the general study of burnback problems even in the case of designing nonconventional propellants. It starts with Piobert’s statement as a first principle, derives that the eikonal formulation holds for propellants with heterogeneous and anisotropic recession rates, and gives a general mathematical structure for both situations. Then, several configurations found by rocket designers are numerically solved in order to show the efficiency and the accuracy of the theory. The main conclusion is that a direct numerical integration of the eikonal equation using a time marching method is enough in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy to track the combustion surface of any anisotropic and heterogeneous solid propellant.
Convex-Optimization-Based Model Predictive Control for Space Debris Removal Mission Guidance
Authors: Wijayatunga Minduli Charithma , Armellin Roberto , Holt Harry , Pirovano Laura , Bombardelli Claudio
Published: June 2024

A convex-optimization-based model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for the guidance of active debris removal missions is proposed in this work. A high-accuracy reference for the convex optimization is obtained through a split-Edelbaum approach that takes the effects of [Formula: see text], drag, and eclipses into account. When the spacecraft deviates significantly from the reference trajectory, a new reference is calculated through the same method to reach the target debris. When required, phasing is integrated into the transfer. During the mission, the phase of the spacecraft is adjusted to match that of the target debris at the end of the transfer by introducing intermediate waiting times. The robustness of the guidance scheme is tested in a high-fidelity dynamic model that includes thrust errors and misthrust events. The guidance algorithm performs well without requiring successive convex iterations. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to analyze the impact of these thrust uncertainties on the guidance. Simulation results show that the proposed convex-MPC approach can ensure that the spacecraft can reach its target despite significant uncertainties and long-duration misthrust events.
Estimation of Thermal Properties of Solid–Liquid Phase Change Material Using Fuzzy Inference Methods
Authors: Chang Zhonghao , Sun Shuangcheng , Ji Yalan , Wang Guangjun
Published: June 2024

The accurate measurement of thermal properties in phase change materials holds significant importance for engineering applications. This research introduces fuzzy inference methods to estimate the thermal properties of phase change materials. The solution to the coupled heat transfer involving radiation and conduction in material is achieved through a hybrid approach, which combines the finite volume method with the discrete ordinate method. The estimation process is structured as an inverse problem, where the temperature on the material surface acts as the measurement signal for conducting the inverse analysis. Both the fuzzy inference method and the decentralized fuzzy inference method are utilized to address the inverse heat transfer problem. This enables the determination of latent heat and thermal conductivities for both solid and liquid regions within the phase change material. Retrieval results demonstrate that the thermal properties of phase change materials can be accurately estimated using fuzzy inference methods. While both two fuzzy inference methods perform similarly in estimating a single parameter, the fuzzy inference method has limitations in multiparameter estimation tasks. Conversely, the decentralized fuzzy inference method yields accurate results in simultaneous estimation problems. Furthermore, this method proves robust in estimating the thermal properties of phase change materials, even in the presence of noisy data.
Трансформация транспортной доступности и развитие туризма в Тоджинском кожууне Республики Тыва
Authors: Куклина Мария Владимировна , Красноштанова Наталья Евгеньевна , Дирин Денис Александрович , Богданов Виктор Николаевич , Труфанов Андрей Иванович
Published: June 2024

В статье выявляются закономерности социальных процессов во взаимосвязях и взаимовлиянии развития туризма, транспортной инфраструктуры и местного сообщества в Тоджинском кожууне Республики Тыва. Интерес к данной территории обусловлен значительными переменами в ней, связанными с введением в эксплуатацию дороги Кызыл — Тоора-Хем (2009 г.) и недавним (2022 г.) открытием моста, связавшим берега Большого Енисея Также в ходе обследования зафиксировано отношение социума к происходящим изменениям в рассматриваемой сфере.
Актуальная проблема заключается в том, что в реализации территориальных и отраслевых планов развития, часто возникают противоречия между участниками, вовлеченными в этот процесс. Возможные расхождения обусловлены разнонаправленными интересами (индивидуальными и групповыми) множественных представителей различных сторон. Характерные противоречия проявляются в отношениях коренного населения к развитию туризма.
Авторы выделили ряд групп населения с разноплановыми интересами, демонстрирующих различное отношение к освещаемой проблеме: представители администрации — как с оптимизмом и перспективой экономического развития, так и с проведением  дополнительной профилактической работы; представители учреждений бюджетной сферы и пенсионеры — с осторожностью, но пониманием большей доступности к медицинским и образовательным услугам; представители организаций, прямо или косвенно связанных с обслуживанием туристов — с возможностью получения дополнительного дохода; представители организаций, не связанных с туризмом — нейтрально без конкуренции население; не связанных с туризмом —  двоякое, противоречивое, с пониманием как плюсов в развитии транспортного сообщения и минусов от воздействия на культурную и природную среду.
Взаимодействие коренных малочисленных народов: жизнестойкость и устойчивость развития отдалённых и труднодоступных территорий
Authors: Филиппова Виктория Викторовна , Куклина Мария Владимировна , Труфанов Андрей Иванович , Саввинова Антонина Николаевна , Красноштанова Наталья Евгеньевна , Федорова Алла Семеновна , Итегелова Анна Петровна , Кобылкин Дмитрий Владимирович
Published: June 2024

В статье рассмотрены территориальные связи тувинцев-тоджинцев Тоджинского кожууна Республики Тыва, сойотов Окинского района Республики Бурятия, тофаларов Нижнеудинского района Иркутской области, эвенков Тындинского района Амурской области и Нерюнгринского района Республики Саха (Якутия). Это территории традиционного проживания коренных малочисленных народов из разных субъектов Российской Федерации, представляющие собой отдаленные и труднодоступные территории.
Исследование направлено на поиск оптимального набора показателей устойчивого развития на локальном уровне для территорий с проживанием коренных народов, сохраняющих традиционные формы природопользования. Авторы считают, что определение таких показателей можно осуществить через применение метадисциплинарной сетевой концепции с онтологиями, моделями и индикаторами, которые показывают согласованность хозяйственной деятельности, экологического равновесия, этнокультурного и социального комфорта.
Выявлены типы социальных связей, присутствующие в трех блоках топологического поля: семейные (родственные) отношения, культурное взаимодействие, хозяйственная деятельность и традиционное жизнеобеспечение. Основные выводы авторы видят в стратификации и детализации связей жителей территорий по типу и масштабам взаимодействия.
Общетюркская лексика в наименованиях орудий труда якутского языка (лексические параллели в тюркских языках Сибири)
Authors: Скрябина Алевтина Афанасьевна
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматриваются наименования орудий труда в якутском языке общетюркского происхождения в сравнении с родственными алтайским, хакасским, тувинским языками. Источниками исследования послужили “Словарь якутского языка” Э. К. Пекарского, “Большой толковый словарь якутского языка” в 15 томах под редакцией П. А. Слепцова, “Алтайско-русский словарь” под редакцией А. Э. Чумакаева и других, “Хакасско-русский словарь” под общей редакцией О. В. Субраковой и “Тувинско-русский словарь” под редакцией Э. Р. Тенишева.
Исходя  из  сфер употребления, наименования орудий труда в якутском языке делятся  автором  на  7 групп: 1) наименования орудий для скотоводства; 2) наименования орудий для охоты; 3) наименования орудий для рыболовства; 4) наименования орудий для земледелия; 5) наименований орудий для применения в домашнем хозяйстве; 6) наименований орудий для обработки дерева; 7) наименования орудий для обработки кожа и меха.
Обнаружено, что в исследуемой лексике много архаичных слов, что связано с различными изменениями в жизни, с перестройкой быта и традиций якутов. Исследование лексико-семантических параллелей якутского, алтайского, хакасского и тувинского языков на материале наименований орудий труда выявило 12 основ общетюркского происхождения, что подтверждает древнее родство исследуемых языков и их историческое взаимодействие.
Особенности семантики числа сто в тувинской лингвокультуре (на фоне ряда тюркских и монгольских языков)
Authors: Бредис Михаил Алексеевич
Published: June 2024

Работа посвящена анализу тувинских фольклорных текстов и фразеологических единиц с числовым компонентом «чүс» ‘сто’. Материалы получены методом сплошной выборки из соответствующих лексикографических изданий и сборников фольклорных текстов. Цель работы — рассмотрение семантики нумератива «чүс», его символики в качестве компонента числового кода тувинской лингвокультуры в сопоставлении с этим числом в алтайском, хакасском, бурятском, монгольском и калмыцком языках. В статье использовались методы описательно-аналитического и лингвокультурологического анализа.
Выявлено, что нумератив «чүс» в составе числового кода тувинской культуры не обладает сакральностью и особенной силой символики и частотность его употребления в фольклорных текстах и фразеологии разных разрядов относительно невелика. Тем не менее числовой компонент «чүс» играет в них роль, символизирующую множественность, иногда определенный количественный предел.
Сопоставительный анализ показал, что у соседних с тувинцами тюрков Саяно-Алтая и у монгольских народов символика числового компонента сто также не принадлежит к сфере сакрального или магического, но при этом данный нумератив в фольклорно-мифологическом плане имеет значение всеобщности, множества и в некоторых случаях предела.
Характеристика человека в тувинских загадках (на полевом и лексикографическом материале)
Authors: Соян Айланмаа Мылдыргыновна
Published: June 2024

В статье проанализированы тувинские загадки, в которых отражены этапы жизненного цикла человека, строение тела человека, его органы. В качестве материала исследования привлекается авторская картотека, составленная из лексикографических источников и материала фольклорных экспедиций в Сут-Хольский, Тес-Хемский, Дзун-Хемчикский, Улуг-Хемский, Бай-Тайгинский, Овюрский кожууны Тувы, которые автор собирал в 2014–2023 гг.
Рассматривается онтогенез человека от рождения до старости, отраженный в тувинских загадках. Для изображения частей тела используются разные тропы, чаще всего — метафорический эпитет. Описываются физиологические качества, физическая и интеллектуальная деятельность человека, отношения людей в обществе.
Река в тувинской паремике: образность и символика (на фоне центральноазиатского паремиологического континуума)
Authors: Ломакина Ольга Валентиновна , Николаева Елена Каировна , Селиверстова Елена Ивановна , Гишкаева Луиза Нахидовна
Published: June 2024

В статье анализируются тувинские паремии с компонентом река, собранные приемом сплошной выборки из лексикографических источников (сборников пословиц).
Паремии, в которых присутствуют упоминания о реке, воде, относятся к группе единиц, вербализующих природно-ландшафтных код культуры. Метафорическое понимание реки, ее глубины, ширины, могущества опирается на древние представления народов о силе природы. В анализируемых паремиях показано единство народа, его сила и мощь, что иллюстрирует коллективное начало этноса. Приведены примеры, характеризующие интеллектуальные способности и представляющие характер конкретного человека. Показано, что анализируемые паремии содержат символику силы народа, ассоциируются с  Родиной, подчёркивают важность родных мест для человека, ассоциируемых с рекой.
Тувинские примеры сопоставляются с подобными паремиями алтайского, хакасского и бурятского языков.
MIP vaccine in leprosy: A scoping review and future horizons
Authors: Narang Tarun , Jain Sejal , Kaushal Ishita , Dogra Sunil
Published: June 2024

Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii (MIP) vaccine is a killed vaccine developed in India for leprosy with immunotherapeutic as well as immunoprophylactic effects. MIP, earlier known as Mycobacterium welchii, is a rapidly growing non-pathogenic mycobacterium. The novelty of this bacterium is due to its translational application as an immunotherapeutic agent. When administered intradermally, the vaccine induces cell-mediated immunity in the host towards Mycobacterium leprae. It leads to faster clinical and histopathological improvement, rapid bacillary clearance, and also lepromin conversion in anergic leprosy patients. The beneficial role of the MIP vaccine in augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of Multidrug Therapy (MDT), particularly in highly bacillated leprosy patients, is well documented in various studies from India. The role of the vaccine in reactional states is controversial, with varied results in different studies. Overall, it is found to decrease the frequency of type 2 lepra reactions and is useful in recalcitrant erythema nodosum leprosum. Even though there may be an increased likelihood of type 1 reactions, no additional nerve function impairment is attributed to the vaccine in various studies. In household contacts of leprosy who are administered MIP, it is noted to confer protection from disease lasting up to 10 years. It may prove to be a cost-effective strategy in national leprosy programmes. Apart from local injection site reactions, the vaccine is relatively safe, but it is not recommended in pregnancy and lactation. This article provides an overview of the MIP vaccine’s clinical application in the context of leprosy spanning over 40 years. It also considers the vaccine’s possible future applications in the management of disease-related complications and achieving the long-term goal of zero leprosy.
Professional Standardization of Library and Information Activities
Authors: Kuznetsova Tatiana Ya.
Published: June 2024

The professional standard “Specialist in Library and Information Activities” came into effect on 1 March 2023. The state regulatory document consolidates the status of the industry and the library and information profession in the system of social production. The article highlights the regulatory legal framework and a brief history of professional standardization of librarianship, which began in 2013. The adoption of the “Strategy for the Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030” opened a new stage in the organization of work on professional standardization of the industry. The conceptual approaches to the development of the document are analyzed: differentiated and integrated. The expediency of the integrated approach as more rational taking into account the current tasks of the industry development is substantiated. Library and information activity is presented in the document as an integral branch type of professional activity, and its functional areas — as generalized labor functions, including all production and technological processes of library work. The functional and logical structure of the professional standard and the semantic series of concepts underlying its decomposition are considered. The new nomenclature of positions of library and information specialists recommended by the professional standard is given, their qualification range is characterized, requirements to education, regular training and practical work experience are noted. It is concluded that the professional standard is a model of competences of a library and information specialist, aimed at fulfillment of the whole complex of functional tasks of a modern library. The introduction of the professional standard creates a normative basis for the formation of the qualification range of library specialists taking into account the requirements to the profession of a librarian of the digital era, the implementation of personnel strategies of libraries of different systems and departments, determines the vectors of improvement of all parts of the system of library and information education. It is a tool for managing the development and use of human resources potential of the industry. The document plays an important role as a basis for the inclusion of library and information activities in the National Qualifications System, which will significantly increase the prestige of the library profession and the industry as a whole, as well as ensure the implementation of the state library personnel policy.
Digital Collections as Data: A New Direction for Libraries
Authors: Zhabko Elena D.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the article is to analyze the theoretical foundations and experience of foreign library institutions in the direction of “digital collections as data”. Digital collections are considered not only as new forms of knowledge organization, but also as a tool for conducting scientific research in the field of humanities disciplines. Practice has shown that huge arrays of digitized texts and images can be used more successfully if modern information technologies are applied. Combining research methodology in the humanities and social sciences and computer tools makes it possible to extract quantitative and geographical data, facts, images on the basis of automatic analysis of recognized texts, visualize and display data in various formats, provide detailed metadata, model historical processes and much more. The most illustrative examples of innovative projects in a number of European libraries are given. The current state of transformation of digital collections as data in the United States is briefly characterized. It is determined that in recent decades in Russia a scientific, educational and technological environment for research based on library resources has been formed. Libraries should overcome their detachment from scientific research in the field of digital humanities and enter it as an equal partner. The tasks of domestic libraries for further development of digital content are defined, taking into account the achievements in the field of information technologies and the current level of technical knowledge.
Proactivity, Reactivity and Interactivity in Library Activities
Authors: Baryshev Ruslan A.
Published: June 2024

In connection with the global digital transformation of social institutions, radical changes are taking place in socio-humanitarian knowledge, theory and practice of library work. A qualitatively different socio-cultural and information environment is being created. This transformation causes the development of interdisciplinary processes, the emergence of new approaches to user services, the borrowing of terminology from different scientific spheres, and the development of digital technologies.

In this article, library proactivity is considered as a process of interaction with users, in which the library as a system is the initiator of this interaction, anticipates their requests and needs with its actions, and in its highest form does not require the participation of users, but is realized by default, in the background. The formation of a proactive approach to serving library users as one of the fundamental principles of digital transformation of library activities is reflected in the “Strategy for the Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030”. Reactivity of a library consists in the fact that its actions are a reaction directly to user requests. Proactivity is aimed at improving the efficiency of the library’s activities in the long term. Reactivity is aimed at solving current short-term tasks. Interactivity of the library implies active interaction with users in all formats and types of information services, creating favorable conditions for users to interact with each other and with books.
SELF-REPORT PREDICTORS OF AGGRESSION OF ADOLESCENTS INVOLVED IN BULLYING
Authors: Sukharev Ivan A.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to one of the stages of creating a predictive psychological model of aggression in adolescents involved in bullying. The hypothesis is that that the aggression of bullying participants is determined by self-esteem components of personality. Based on the results of the empirical study (n = 138, adolescents from 10 to 15 years old) using the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and the motivational self-esteem questionnaire of V. A. Zobkov, the authors obtained a regression model that reflects the significant influence of inflated self-esteem and the desire to evade evaluation on bully aggression (R2 = 0,673).
THE ETHICS OF AI USE IN EDUCATION — STUDENT VIEW
Authors: Rozhkov Grigory A.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the ethics aspects of the use of artificial intelligence in the educational process. The author presents the results of a study aimed to determine the attitude of students of a chemical and pharmaceutical university to various aspects that AI plays in the life of society today, including in the process of interaction between humans and the emerging new “artificial” communication partners. The requirements of the “Code of Ethics in the Field of AI” developed in the Russian Federation are also considered.
TEACHING THE BASICS OF MULTIMEDIA TO ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNERS DURING THEIR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Khizhnyak Elizaveta A. , Khabibova Alevtina S. , Matyunina3 Daria S.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the features of teaching multimedia to environmental designers as part of training sessions. A brief review of sources was carried out, attention was paid to the definition of the concept of multimedia in the context of the study. Special applications and programmes for the development of multimedia materials used in educational practice are indicated, their capabilities are defined. The main problems in multimedia training of environ mental designers are considered. The authors present the methodological components of the educational process, aimed at the formation of skills in the development and use of multimedia technologies by students, including in the design of the interior and exterior environment. The article discloses the issues of the development of knowledge and skills of students necessary for the creation of professional presentations of their research and creative works, as well as the presentation of copyright projects in the form of a virtual space. Ways to solve the stated problem are proposed.
NETWORKING IN EDUCATION: PRACTITIONERS’ EXPERIENCE
Authors: Kleshcheva Irina V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the practical problems of organising networking in education. The article presents the results of the experiment, describes the difficulties and advantages of network partnership, and provides recommendations for effective networking.