bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adversarial shared‐private networks for specific emitter identification
Authors: Chen Peibo , Guo Yulan , Li Gang , Wan Jianwei
Published: December 2019

Deep learning provides a new scheme for specific emitter identification (SEI). However, most deep learning‐based methods directly apply existing neural networks in other fields to SEI without considering its particularity. The identification‐relevant information only accounts for a small proportion of the information carried by the received signal, and thus is easily interfered by the rest identification‐irrelevant information during its mining process. This Letter proposes adversarial shared‐private networks (ASPN) to address the most challenging case where all emitters are of the same type. By separating the normalised signal bispectrum amplitude and phase in the first quadrant into two orthogonal components, one that is shared among all emitters and the other that is private to each emitter, ASPN extracts more effective features and achieves more remarkable performances than most methods in the literature.
Background calibration based on signal‐dependent dithering for pipelined SAR ADCs exploiting noise quantiser technique
Authors: Zhang Lizhen , Wang Peng , Huang Linlin , Wu Jianhui
Published: December 2019

A signal‐dependent dithering calibration exploiting noise quantiser (NQ) technique to correct capacitor mismatch and inter‐stage gain error in pipelined successive approximation register (SAR) ADCs is proposed. With signal‐dependent dithering injection, capacitor mismatch and gain error are extracted and subsequently calibrated as one error in the background. Besides, a novel NQ is proposed for a dithering injection only when the residue is near the threshold of the comparator, thereby allowing the injection of dithering without consuming the dynamic range. The simulation results show that the calibration can significantly improve the performance of pipelined SAR ADCs without extra hardware overhead and timing budget.
Performance of cooperative full‐duplex AF relay networks with generalised relay selection
Authors: Fidan Efendi , Kucur Oğuz
Published: December 2019

In this work, a full‐duplex (FD) variable gain amplify‐and‐forward multi‐relay cooperative‐diversity system with(out) a direct path (DP) between the source and destination is studied over independent identically (non‐identically) distributed slow Rayleigh fading channels. Generalised relay selection, i.e. generalised selection transmission (GST) over relays is investigated for two extreme cases; single relay selection (RS) and use of all relays, i.e. maximum ratio transmission (MRT). By developing an equivalent link, the approximated probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a dual‐hop link with FD relay are obtained, thereafter, the adopted approximated PDF and CDF are offered. Then, approximated and asymptotic expressions for outage probability, moment generating function, and symbol error rate (SER) of GST with(out) DP are derived. Additionally, approximated ergodic capacity expressions are also obtained. All theoretical results validated by Manto Carlo simulation technique show that the proposed approximations of dual‐hop link with FD relay are robust and thus can be used to analyse such systems with FD relay, RS and MRT provide close performance which is significantly better than single relay. Additionally, for equal rates, substantial reduction in SER can be obtained by FD transmission as compared to half‐duplex one.
Computing in the air: An open airborne computing platform
Authors: Wang Baoqian , Xie Junfei , Li Songwei , Wan Yan , Gu Yixin , Fu Shengli , Lu Kejie
Published: December 2019

In recent years, we have witnessed fast‐growing unmanned aerial systems (UAS) based applications. To better facilitate these applications, many efforts have been made to enhance the capability of UAS from various aspects, including communications, control and networking, and so on. Nevertheless, most of these studies neglect the computation aspect. Recently, the UAS‐enabled mobile edge computing (MEC) has attracted increasing research attention, which utilises UAS with onboard computing capability to provide on‐demand computing services for mobile users. However, existing research on UAS‐enabled MEC remains at the theory stage and how to design a UAS platform with advanced onboard computing capability has not been addressed. In this study, the authors aim to fill this research gap and design an open UAS‐based airborne computing platform with advanced onboard computing capability. This platform was designed from three aspects: hardware, software, and applications. In particular, feasible computing hardware to perform UAS onboard computing is first considered and a prototype is then designed. To enhance the flexibility and programmability of the platform, two key virtualisation techniques are then investigated. Finally, they test the performance of their prototype by executing real UAS onboard computing tasks, the results of which verify the feasibility and potentials of the proposed airborne computing platform.
Joint beamforming and power allocation using deep learning for D2D communication in heterogeneous networks
Authors: Wang Yuejiao , Wang Shenghui , Liu Lu
Published: December 2019

Device‐to‐device (D2D) communication plays a significant role in cellular networks as it can increase the capacity, spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency of the system. However, the large computational complexity of D2D resource management optimisation algorithms creates a serious gap between theoretical design and real‐time processing, which leads to the limited use of D2D communication technology. In this study, a novel deep learning‐based optimisation method is proposed to overcome the high computational complexity of joint beamforming design and power allocation optimisation algorithms in D2D communication. Unlike existing approaches, the authors design a convolutional neural network based end‐to‐end network structure to solve complex computing problems for channel state information under a limited feedback scenario. The Max‐SE loss function which indicates quality‐of‐service (QoS) constraint and interference constraint, together with the mean squared error (MSE) function, are designed to maximise the spectral efficiency of the system while minimising the total transmit power. The simulation results show that the proposed approach can achieve performance comparable to the weighted minimum MSE scheme with low computation time.
Review on directional antenna for wireless sensor network applications
Authors: George Robin , Mary Thomas Anita Jones
Published: December 2019

Directional antennas in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have several advantages including the enhanced capacity of the network, longer range of transmission, better spatial reuse and lower interference. By enhancing the alleviating contention and the range of communication, the directional antennas improve the performance of WSNs. In common, various methods like localisation, power management, data aggregation and optimisation obtain these advantages in WSNs; however, the reliability requirements and the energy concerns make the antenna technology more advantageous. When compared with methods, in which the directional antennas provide advantages like the extended range of transmission, energy savings, better prevention of wormhole attack, long coverage and high interference tolerance. This review provides a detailed study of recent improvements and open research problems on directional antennas in WSN applications. First, the introduction and the background of directional antennas briefly based on their classification radiation patterns and advantages in directional communication in WSNs. During the past years, a number of directional antennas are designed for the applications of WSNs. In this study, recently developed directional antennas and their applications in WSNs are reviewed. The applications of directional antenna in WSNs are classified into security benefits, localisation, convergecast, contention reduction and energy efficiency.
FPGA‐based real‐time implementation of a direct torque control with second‐order sliding mode control and input–output feedback linearisation for an induction motor drive
Authors: Krim Saber , Gdaim Soufien , Mtibaa Abdellatif , Faouzi Mimouni Mohamed
Published: December 2019

A robust direct torque control (DTC) strategy for an induction motor is proposed in this study. In fact, the proposed control strategy is defined by a combination of DTC, space vector modulation (SVM), input–output feedback linearisation (IOFL), a second‐order super‐twisting speed controller (STSC), and sliding‐mode‐load torque and stator‐flux observers with stator resistance estimation. First, non‐linear IOFL is suggested to achieve decoupled flux and torque control, and the SVM technique is utilised to control the inverter switching frequency which decreases the torque ripples and noise. Second, to improve the speed regulation, an STSC is added to an SVM‐DTC‐IOFL scheme. Furthermore, the sliding mode observers of the stator flux and of the load torque are proposed in order to improve the control performances by reducing uncertainties and to prevent the effects of the stator resistance variations. Indeed, this study presents the importance of implementing the suggested SVM‐DTC‐IOFL using a field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit. The main interest of the FPGA implementation is the decrease in the control loop delay, due to the parallel processing offered by the FPGA. The performances of the proposed control algorithm are investigated by digital simulation using a Xilinx system generator tool and experimental implementation utilising FPGA‐Virtex‐5‐ML507.
Direct power control of SRG‐based WECSs using optimised fractional‐order PI controller
Authors: Mosaad Mohamed I.
Published: December 2019

This study introduces two fractional‐order proportional–integral (FOPI) controllers optimised by harmony search (HS) optimisation algorithm, for direct power control of switched reluctance generator (SRG) through regulating the off‐delay angle of the generator. These two proposed FOPI controllers aim at improving the integration of SRG into the wind energy conversion system (WECS) through two control modes. The two control modes are maximum power point tracking during healthy operation with wind speed variation and fault ride‐through capability during faulty conditions. On the basis of the voltage magnitude at the point of common coupling between the SRG and grid, each mode, and consequently, the corresponding FOPI controller is activated. Comparison between FOPI controllers and classical PI controllers optimised by HS is introduced. Simulation results show the capability of the two modes of control proposed for improving the SRG‐WECS performance in both healthy and faulty operating conditions with the superiority of FOPI controller over conventional PI controllers. An experimental platform is built to show the adequacy of the proposed FOPI controller of SRG.
Design and development of a magnetic lead screw propulsion device for general transport system
Authors: Ling Zhijian , Zhao Wenxiang , Rasmussen Peter Omand , Lu Kaiyuan
Published: December 2019

This study proposes a magnetic lead screw (MLS) as a continuous propulsion device for the general transport system (GTS). By integrating the outer rotor machine with the MLS, it is possible to construct a high force design with the improved operating surface area. Initially, a brief statement of the novel GTS is given, leading to an introduction of the MLS. Besides, a scaled 2.6‐kN MLS demonstrator is presented to verify the propulsion principle and thrust force. Furthermore, the MLS design focuses on several types, which use different materials and magnetic structures. The three‐dimensional finite element analysis is used to optimise design, with the goal of force performance. Moreover, the shear stress, cost‐effectiveness, magnetic losses, and mechanical stress of the different topologies are compared, revealing that the MLS made by ferrite magnet is more suitable for employed in GTS applications. Finally, a dynamic model of the GTS is developed to verify the acceleration and speed responded.
Commutation error rapid compensation for brushless DC motor based on DC‐link current phase extraction method
Authors: Liu Gang , Chen Xi , Zheng Shiqiang , Cui Peiling
Published: December 2019

In order to reduce the torque ripple and running loss caused by the commutation error in the brushless DC motor (BLDCM) of the magnetically suspended control moment gyroscope (MSCMG), this study proposes a novel method dealing with commutation error in sensorless controlled BLDCM by rapid phase extraction and compensation technique. First, a traditional virtual neutral point circuit consisted of three‐phase resistance network and low‐pass filter are used to obtain the zero‐crossing points of the non‐conducting phase back electromotive force without noise interference. Then, an improved phase extraction method is built after analysing the DC‐link current. Commutation error is extracted from DC‐link current with the improved phase extractor rapidly. Furthermore, the effect of speed offset caused by fluctuation during phase extraction is also analysed and an adaptive commutation error compensation method based on the DC‐link current phase extraction is proposed. Finally, simulation and experimental results performed on the high‐speed motor of MSCMG verify its effectiveness and rapidity. The main novelties of this study are the direct phase extraction algorithm with natural parameter insensitivity and robustness and the rapid iterative commutation error compensation method based on the extraction algorithm.
Design and experiment verification of OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped magnets for integrated power generation
Authors: Wang Chen , Geng Weiwei , Zhang Zhuoran
Published: December 2019

Outer‐rotor permanent‐magnet (OR‐PM) machines provide several distinct advantages such as high torque density and large rotor inertia due to the large outer diameter of effective air gap for power conversion. The purpose of this study is to replace flywheel with the outer rotor by adopting OR‐PM machines since this topology is well‐suited for integration with diesel engines. This study specifically investigates a 16‐pole–18‐slot ring‐shaped PM motor with rectangular shaped PM rotor for integrated power generation application. At first, the pole arc, rotor yoke thickness and PM slot height of the OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped PM are optimised. In addition, the no‐load magnetic field, cogging torque and back‐electromotive force of the OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped PM and have been analysed and compared based on two‐dimensional finite element analysis. Additional comparison including torque characteristics, field weakening, cost and efficiency are also highlighted. The results show that the OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped PM has better electromagnetic performances. Finally, a 25 kW OR‐PM machine prototype with rectangular shaped PM is manufactured and experimented. The predicted electromagnetic performance is validated by experimental results.
Simulation analysis and experimental evaluation of the transient behaviour of a reluctance magnetic coupling
Authors: Lubin Thierry , Colle Alexandre
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to present the dynamic behaviour of two co‐axial rotating shafts connected by a reluctance magnetic coupling. The analysis is based on non‐linear differential equations of motion. The reluctance magnetic coupling is modelled by an equivalent torsional stiffness coefficient and an additional viscous damping coefficient to account for the effects of induced currents in the salient‐pole during the transient. These coefficients are obtained from three‐dimensional finite element electromagnetic models. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed model, several transient responses for the shaft line are considered. The simulation results are compared with those obtained from measurements.
Design and analysis of gas temperature measurement module in motor vehicle exhaust online measurement system
Authors: Yu Dongqi , Zhang Yujun , Liu Guohua , Zhang Kai
Published: December 2019

The mass flow rate of vehicle exhaust significantly influences the measurement of the exhaust pollutants emission factors, meanwhile the exhaust gas temperature measurement is most important in the measurement of exhaust gas mass flow. In order to measure the temperature of exhaust gas accurately and sensitively, a motor vehicle exhaust online measurement experimental system has been developed. The article reports on the design and analysis of gas temperature measurement module in this system. The gas temperature measurement consists of a high‐precision K‐type thermocouple and a weak signal amplifier circuit. The K‐type thermocouple was used to measure the temperature of exhaust gas. Based on the AD595AQ, which was a complete instrumentation amplifier chip with a cold junction compensator for thermocouple, the weak signal of thermocouple was amplified to achieve accurate and rapid measurement of exhaust gas temperature. The real experimental results showed that the detection time is 0.5 s, the deviation is + 0.2°C, and the detection limit is 573°C. The subsequent analysis showed that the gas temperature measurement module performed well to support the system.
Ecological sustainability methodology for logistic chains of milk supply
Authors: Korolev Sergei , Ertman Julia , Ertman Sergei
Published: December 2019

This article considers the importance of assessing the environmental impact of logistics supply chains in the transition to a circular economy. We propose to use product life cycle analysis as a base assessment, decomposing raw milk supply chains and assessing the environmental im-pact of packages of various process options and supply chain configurations. As a result, we have obtained the checklist for assessing the environmental sustainability of supply chains and developed a three-level scale. An example of applying the developed methodology for evaluating three different enterprises of the Tyumen region is given. Based on the results ob-tained, we can draw conclusions about the possibilities of practical use and the directions of the following studies.
Development of software products aimed to streamline the waste management process
Authors: Epifancev K
Published: December 2019

This system will boost activity in the waste market involving waste processing enterprises. For this purpose, the research of thermal conductivity of RDF-raw materials of waste landfills was conducted in the laboratory of quality control of new functional materials GUAP, who also did the programming in Java Script virtual platform ECO 365.The global perspective of the project is the consolidation of the laboratory of new composite materials GUAP to create a waste processing center with the main focus on research in the field of production and sale of biogas. Demand in the market is large. The used technologies of analytical and measuring instruments and programs of three-dimensional equipment will allow to apply in parallel with the analysis of raw materials the possibility of developing equipment for the production of by-products from waste with their subsequent certification.
Evaluation of quality parameters of conical profile compounds in nodes of multi-purpose machines
Authors: Il’inykh Viktor
Published: December 2019

The article presents a study of the mandrel spindle assembly for accuracy, contact stiffness and strength. The study was made on the basis of conical profile connections with an equiaxed contour. Experiments were carried out for multi-purpose machines of various layouts on the basis of the previously developed program-mathematical complex of evaluating the parameters of the shaft-sleeve coupling. The analysis of the simulation modeling results of the accuracy of the shaft (mandrel) installation in the hole of the sleeve (spindle) is carried out taking into account the error in shape, taper, the magnitude of the assembly force and the external conditional load in the spatial setting. With respect to the three coordinate axes, the possible displacements and rotations of the tool mandrels with a modified shank design are determined when they are based and secured in the spindle. In each design case, the accuracy of the relative position of the parts of the conical profile connections was compared during reusable assembly for the horizontal and vertical machine, respectively, and during the operation of the spindle-mandrel assembly under the condition of an external load. As a result of research, it was found that the layout of the machine does not significantly affect the quality parameters of the profile connection in conditions of reusable assembly. A significant effect of the error in the shape of the mating parts of the connection has been determined, which leads to an increase in maximum contact pressures till 22MPa, a displacement of the mandrel along the Z axis up to 25 µm, and a significant influence on the ultimate external load, which leads to elastic displacements of the mandrel along the Y axis to 2 µm for tapering 1:10.
Design and construction of the Cadet-M unmanned marine platform using alternative energy
Authors: Kadyrov Mikhail , Greshnikov Pavel , Maltsev Semyon , Maistro Alexey , Pereverzev Alexander , Kiselev Kirill , Durnev Andrey , Starobinskii Egor , Buldakov Pavel
Published: December 2019

Environmental monitoring has become an urgent task in recent years in connection with the deterioration of the environmental situation caused by industrialization [1]. Usually, manned vessels with measuring equipment and personnel serving it on board were used for these purposes, but with the development of technology, full automation of this process became possible. The problem of the need to use human resources is solved by applying an autonomous vessel control system. However, the big problem remains, which is the need to refuel the vessel in connection with the finite amount of stored energy. This problem is solved by using renewable energy, an example of which is solar energy, on measuring platforms. This article will discuss methods for developing platforms controlled by the autopilot and using solar energy, using the Cadet-M platform as an example.
Parametric optimization of the cross-section and shape of the longitudinal member in frontal impact
Authors: Bogdanov Dmitry , Boldyrev Yury , Cvetkov Pavel , Klyavin Oleg , Davydov Ilya , Smetankin Anatolii
Published: December 2019

The article considers the problem of optimal design of car body elements (longitudinal members) according to the chosen criteria. Both the questions of formulation of the optimization task and individual problems of its solution are studied. The mathematical statement of the problem is considered. Thus, the most attention is given to consideration of realisation of used numerical procedure of optimization. The system of numerical calculations is based on the most widely spread software systems for engineering analysis and design. The developed scripts on Python programming language are briefly considered. Results of optimization of longitudinal members of the car are given.
Efficiency of introducing a steam screw-rotor machine to the heating power plant circuit
Authors: Rotach Rita , Vankov Yuri , Ziganshin Shamil
Published: December 2019

The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of the Nizhnekamsk CHPP-1 (combined heat and power plant) by introducing a steam screw-rotor machine (SSRM) into the thermal circuit. It is proposed to exclude the passage of steam from the exit of the turbine through the pressure reduction and desuperheating station (PRDS) for own needs. Superheated steam is diverted to be sent to a steam screw-rotor machine installed parallel to the PRDS. This technical solution will allow to obtain steam used in low pressure deaerators, as well as electricity for own needs of the CHPP. The article presents the operating parameters, as well as the calculation results of the backpressure turbine. A feasibility study was carried out for the introduction of SSRM into the plant’s thermal circuit: the equivalent fuel and electricity savings for own needs were calculated, as well as the payback period of the project for introducing a steam screw-rotor machine. In the course of the calculations, the following results were obtained: a decrease in the specific consumption of equivalent fuel for the production of 1 kWh of electricity by 1.9 g; saving of equivalent fuel during the implementation of the SSRM will be 13 tons per year, which also entails a reduction in emissions into the environment; Electricity production for own needs is 8100 kWh, the payback period for the project to introduce a steam screw machine in the thermal circuit of a thermal power plant is 5 years.
Improving the efficiency of conveyor transport with the use of network technologies
Authors: Kovalchuk Margarita , Poddubniy Dmitriy
Published: December 2019

Nowadays there is a tendency in the world industry to increase the number of open cast mines and the depth of work performed in them. In this regard, the problems of reliable and environmentally friendly transportation of extracted resources become especially urgent. Traditional motor vehicles is quite expensive, have problems with reliability and leads to a large gas pollution of the atmosphere, as well as the associated necessary stoppages of the open cast mine, which in turn leads to significant economic costs. The most optimal solution to these problems is the use of long conveyor lines for transportation. However, it is necessary to solve a number of problems one of them is related to the efficiency of the conveyor, which has a large length. This system needs to be controlled and monitored in real time. Thus, it is necessary to implement an automation system that meets all the specified requirements.
Mathematical simulation of transient operation modes of an electric drive of a centrifugal pump for a slurry pipeline
Authors: Korzhev Alexander , Bolshunova Olga , Voytyuk Irina , Vatlina Anna
Published: December 2019

To develop new control algorithms for controlling slurry pumps, it is necessary to have a reliable mathematical model of their operation, convenient for computer simulation implementation. Therefore, the paper discloses a mathematical model of the joint operation of a centrifugal pump with a controlled asynchronous motor drive and a slurry pipeline. The results of transient modes computer simulation, carried out via the xcos application of the scilab software, are presented. This software is a freeware one and, therefore, available free of charge to most researchers. The paper provides an example of verification of the adequacy and performance of the proposed computer model, with the use of characteristics of the centrifugal slurry pump GrAT-225-67-3-2-2. The said model of a centrifugal pump is efficient and can be used during the study of dynamic processes in pipeline transportation systems, as well as in the synthesis of control algorithms for electric drives of pumping units.
Monitoring the technical condition of autonomous electrical systems with electric drive
Authors: Korolev Nikolay , Solovev Sergey
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the structure of autonomous electrical systems with an electric drive and an electric energy generation system. An approach is described for assessing the overall efficiency of technological cycle equipment with specification of parameters that must be considered when calculating it. The necessity of taking into account energy efficiency and operability indicators of autonomous electric complexes is substantiated. The effectiveness of the use of autonomous systems decreases throughout the entire life cycle due to wear and tear. As the operability of electromechanical equipment, an indicator of the residual resource is selected. The calculation of the residual resource, with the definition of its boundary values and recommendations for further use. Nominal energy efficiency parameters of autonomous electrotechnical complexes with electric drive deteriorate during operation, which also needs to be taken into account. To simplify the assessment of the operational state of electromechanical equipment, a state diagram is presented that allows you to track the dynamics of degradation of individual nodes. Taking into account the described indicators and means of control, it is possible to increase the efficiency of using autonomous complexes.
Gas flow–switching arc interaction in HV synchronous gas blast interrupters
Authors: Kurakina Natalia , Frolov Vladimir , Tonkonogov Eugeny
Published: December 2019

The paper is devoted to the solution of short-circuit switching problem in distribution networks by application of synchronous HV gas-blast circuit breakers (SCB). The reduction of the arcing energy by reducing the arcing time can extend the SCB expected service life by increasing its electrical life, minimizing the thermal requirements of the interrupting chamber. The paper studies the gas flow arrangement in the switching gap of the double-flow model SCB. Well-balanced and stable gas flow removes surplus energy from the switching arc. Three types of nozzle geometry are investigated. A numerical simulation with a grid reconstruction is used. A gas flow energy accumulation into the nozzle throats is observed at t=0.8-0.9 ms after the contacts opening. We evaluate the bottom time limit of the active interactions between the gas flow and the arc column before current zero under the synchronous commutation. A zone of stagnation depends on the nozzle shape and size and determines the level of the thermal-dielectric interruption ability.
Analysis and use of SIMP method in optimization of a car hood design
Authors: Antonova Valeria , Alekseev Stanislav , Tarasov Aleksei , Scheglova Natalia , Klyavin Oleg , Borovkov Aleksei
Published: December 2019

The article shows the relevance of creating digital twins and conducting topological and topographic optimizations as part of improving the physical and mechanical properties of car parts using the example of a car hood. A description of the existing optimization methods is given and the principle of the SIMP method is described. The results of optimizing the design of the hood of the car using this method are presented. We demonstrate that using modern approaches to modelling and optimization of automobile parts makes it possible to achieve targets in the design and redesign, to achieve sufficient structural strength while maintaining or reducing the mass of the original structure. It is shown that modelling allows providing an array of information on the optimized part as soon as possible, as well as reducing the consumption of materials used to create it.
Soil concrete based on waste of heat power engineering and siftings of rock grinding
Authors: Konovalova Natalia , Rush Elena , Bespolitov Dmitry , Pankov Pavel
Published: December 2019

The possibility of recycling large-tonnage waste of heat power engineer-ing and mining industry in road construction is shown. Compositions of road-building materials were researched, containing siftings of rock grinding, fly ash, Portland cement, modified with a stabilizing additive of polymeric nature. X-ray phase analysis showed availability of quartz in fly ash, calcite, feldspars, goethite and X-ray amorphous phase, what is consistent with the data of infrared spectroscopy. By atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma it was revealed that fly ash is latent-active and can be disposed in compositions in the presence of a stabilizing additive. The X-ray phase analysis of grinding siftings showed that it contains quartz, feldspars, chlorite, calcite and dolomite. The specific activity of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40К) of fly ash and grinding siftings was 248 and 110 Bq/kg, which allows using such waste in construction without restrictions. It was revealed that the initial mineral raw materials belong to multiphase polymineral systems; therefore, when modifying them with stabilizing additives, binding of finely divided particles should be taken into account. It was revealed that the optimal content of Portland cement and fly ash in samples is 8 and 10 wt.%. It was found that an increase in the mass fraction of fly ash in the composition of soil-concrete up to 30 wt.% leads to softening of the samples and a decrease in their strength characteristics.
Damage areas during emergency depressurization of a gas pipeline
Authors: Varsegova Evgenia , Dresvyannikova Elena , Osipova Lilia , Sadykov Renat
Published: December 2019

Main gas pipelines are classified as energetically stressed objects. With an increase in their service life, there appears a need to model emergency breaks and analyze the distribution of the damaging factors of the accident. The main gas pipelines often run near residential areas and cross various communications, therefore possible accidents with gas emissions and damaging factors can negatively affect both the environment and the population. An emergency rupture of a gas pipeline section is numerically modeled in this article. The calculations of intensity of accidental gas emissions outflow and distribution of the accident damaging (the length of the methane jet in unlimited airspace, the range and height of the scattering of the soil and pipe fragments were found). The parameters of free jets of exhaust gas were determined. Such calculation is required during investigation of accidents and development of documents related to the environmentally safe operation of pipeline transport. In case of gas non-ignition, it disperses in the atmosphere with the formation of gas zones. The study of the influence of velocity, density and pressure on the emergency gas emission allows us to determine possible gas contamination zones. Graphs of distribution of static and total pressure over the ejection height, distribution of velocities along the axis of the ejected jet and along the axis of the pipeline were obtained. The ability to evaluate the parameters of free jet flow of natural gas (methane) from a damaged pipeline: the total flow rate, total pressure and flow rate at the rupture point is relevant in solving applied environmental safety problems of gas transportation facilities.
Multifunctional method for remote monitoring of the environment in the area of nuclear facilities
Authors: Davydov Vadim , Fadeenko Varvara , Fadeenko Illarion , Reznik Vladislav , Kruglov Vladislav , Popovskiy Nikita , Rud Vasiliy
Published: December 2019

In a paper the method for remote monitoring of the radiation characteristics of the environment in the area of the nuclear power plant is considered. To solve this problem, the need to use remote methods of environmental monitoring is justified A method is proposed for determining radioactive formations in the atmosphere using a radar station. Using the methodology for determining radioactive formations in the atmosphere by changing the reflection coefficient of an electromagnetic wave from a given formation is justified. Calculation of changes in the reflection coefficient of an electromagnetic wave from a radioactive formation in the atmosphere for different climatic conditions is calculated. The results of studies of radioactive contamination in the atmosphere are presented. The advantages of the method developed by us in comparison with others are noted. The directions of scientific research to expand the functionality of the method developed by us are determined.
Developing Individuals’ Professional Qualities in the course of Technosphere Safety Specialists Training
Authors: Leonova Natalya , Avdeeva Marina , Kaverzneva Tatyana
Published: December 2019

The article focuses on the methodology for assessing the development of professional qualities of future specialists majoring in Technosphere Safety. Due to the globalization of production, the Russian education system is being integrated into the world educational network. At that, the range of qualifications required from a specialist of any field is expanding. These processes are changing the paradigm of professional education. The goal of professional training is not merely the total sum of necessary knowledge, but – above all – the development of professional qualities. The existing grading system needs to be introduced with an integrated set of grading methods that should take into account the achievement in natural science subjects, the intellectual development, the expert assessment, and professional communication skills. Educational monitoring of developing professional qualities must be carried out at every stage of teaching. In that way, a graduate, a soon-to-be specialist in the field of Technosphere Safety will not be a mere operator, but a holder of advanced engineering knowledge.
Open access system of life quality management on the basis of spatial modelling of pollution in the coastal areas
Authors: Vishnevetskiy Vyacheslav , Popruzhniy Vladislav
Published: December 2019

The quality of human life consists of many parameters: physical, psychological, level of independence, social life and the environment. The latter, in turn, includes safety, ecology, security, availability and quality of medical care, information, training opportunities, and life. The system of life quality evaluation, combining an objective component (indicators of water and air quality, morbidity) and subjective (the degree of satisfaction of residents with water quality) was developed. “Crowd survey” data block realizes the function of “Open access”. The system of life comfort includes information on people morbidity and the main consumed water and air parameters that affect the satisfaction with natural resources and health. Such system units as «Input Interface» and «Interaction Interface» have been developed as a mobile application. In addition, system includes geographic information system that allows visualizing, analyzing and predicting the state of the object. Thematic maps of spatial pollution of the Taganrog Bay at control points were simulated. The main features of the system are shown and recommendations for its application are offered.
Method for forecasting pollution of urban areas
Authors: Radaev Anton , Korneeva Elena
Published: December 2019

A model for substantiating the parameters of regression models for a comprehensive indicator of environmental pollution has been developed. A distinctive feature is the separate consideration of the influence of factors of the natural and industrial environment, as well as the linear nature of the interaction of nonlinear variables. The resulting model will allow us to analyze the current state of the environment depending on the quantity and quality of environmental indicators, and also identify critical changes in it. In the urban development industry, this model will help in planning the possibility of placing objects with a high environmental burden in a particular area.
An architectural approach to process control of gas compressor stations with a low temperature separation gas preparation unit based on a digital twin
Authors: Kozhukhov Yu.V. , Marchenko R. S. , Ilyin I.V. , Aksenov A.A. , Nguyen Minh Hai
Published: December 2019

This article lists a part of a study of possibilities of using and integrating digital twins of the existing high-tech enterprise processes on the examples of a high-pressure gas compressor station and a gas treatment plant using low-temperature separation of an oil and gas enterprise using an architectural approach. The need for the use of digital twins (DT) in the high-tech industry is due to the inability to effectively conduct full-scale tests to select the necessary operating modes in the implementation framework of technological processes with varying parameters (high cost and increased resource consumption compared to the creation of a DT). The main difference between DT and conventional models is the three-dimensional matrix of input variable parameters that can be given to DT for processing in order to obtain the most correct output data when performing simulations. At the same time, millions of operational cycles can be generated in real time, which allows us to most effectively solve various business problems. For example, the task of finding optimal solutions and prototype configurations under study.
Efficiency of use of waste heat energy on the example of Chelyabinsk
Authors: Tseyzer Grigoriy , Ptashkina-Girina Olga , Guseva Olga
Published: December 2019

We consider the possibility of improving the existing heat-suppling system in Chelyabinsk through the introduction of heat pump technology for the disposal of waste low-grade heat. Sources of information concerning the ways of utilization of waste thermal energy, the principles of work of heat pumps, classification of city sources of waste heat are analyzed. The technique directed to assess the effectiveness of applying heat pumps for each category of city sources of waste thermal energy is designed. The calculated assessment showed that the utilization of waste heat in the conditions of Chelyabinsk will reduce the annual energy of fuel consumption by 2.2 million tons of conventional fuel (24.9%). At the same time, thermal pollution will decrease by 1.5 million tons of equivalent fuel. This effect is possible with the use of heat pumps with a total heat output of 1,145 MW.
Forecasting stock market price by using fuzzified Choquet integral based fuzzy measures with genetic algorithm for parameter optimization
Authors: Pal Shanoli Samui , Kar Samarjit
Published: December 2019

In this paper, fuzzified Choquet integral and fuzzy-valued integrand with respect to separate measures like fuzzy measure, signed fuzzy measure and intuitionistic fuzzy measure are used to develop regression model for forecasting. Fuzzified Choquet integral is used to build a regression model for forecasting time series with multiple attributes as predictor attributes. Linear regression based forecasting models are suffering from low accuracy and unable to approximate the non-linearity in time series. Whereas Choquet integral can be used as a general non-linear regression model with respect to non classical measures. In the Choquet integral based regression model parameters are optimized by using a real coded genetic algorithm (GA). In these forecasting models, fuzzified integrands denote the participation of an individual attribute or a group of attributes to predict the current situation. Here, more generalized Choquet integral,i.e., fuzzified Choquet integral is used in case of non-linear time series forecasting models. Three different real stock exchange data are used to predict the time series forecasting model. It is observed that the accuracy of prediction models highly depends on the non-linearity of the time series.
Systemische oder ganzheitliche Zahnmedizin
Authors: Olbertz Heinz-Peter , Olbertz Rolf
Published: December 2019

Die systemische oder ganzheitliche Zahnmedizin handeltbezüglich Prävention, Diagnostik, Beratung undTherapie imanatomisch funktionellen Bereich des stomatognathenSystems und berücksichtigt dabei die Vernetzungund Wechselwirkung mit anderenTeilsystemendes Menschen. In der ganzheitlichen Zahnmedizin erfordernstomatognathe Probleme, über die lokale PerspektivedesZahnmediziners hinaus, systemisches und interdisziplinäresWahrnehmen, Denken, Entscheiden undHandeln.Ein Fall aus der Praxis derAutoren vollzieht beispielhaftdas Vorgehen in der ganzheitlichen Zahnarztpraxis beieiner Patientin mit Parodontitis nach.
Unsupervised Machine Learning of Topics Documented by Nurses about Hospitalized Patients Prior to a Rapid-Response Event
Authors: Korach Zfania Tom , Cato Kenrick D. , Collins Sarah A. , Kang Min Jeoung , Knaplund Christopher , Dykes Patricia C. , Wang Liqin , Schnock Kumiko O. , Garcia Jose P. , Jia Haomiao , Chang Frank , Schwartz Jessica M. , Zhou Li
Published: December 2019

Background In the hospital setting, it is crucial to identify patients at risk for deterioration before it fully develops, so providers can respond rapidly to reverse the deterioration. Rapid response (RR) activation criteria include a subjective component (“worried about the patient”) that is often documented in nurses' notes and is hard to capture and quantify, hindering active screening for deteriorating patients.

Objectives We used unsupervised machine learning to automatically discover RR event risk/protective factors from unstructured nursing notes.

Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we obtained nursing notes of hospitalized, nonintensive care unit patients, documented from 2015 through 2018 from Partners HealthCare databases. We applied topic modeling to those notes to reveal topics (clusters of associated words) documented by nurses. Two nursing experts named each topic with a representative Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine–Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) concept. We used the concepts along with vital signs and demographics in a time-dependent covariates extended Cox model to identify risk/protective factors for RR event risk.

Results From a total of 776,849 notes of 45,299 patients, we generated 95 stable topics, of which 80 were mapped to 72 distinct SNOMED CT concepts. Compared with a model containing only demographics and vital signs, the latent topics improved the model's predictive ability from a concordance index of 0.657 to 0.720. Thirty topics were found significantly associated with RR event risk at a 0.05 level, and 11 remained significant after Bonferroni correction of the significance level to 6.94E-04, including physical examination (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.12), informing doctor (HR = 1.05, 95% CI, 1.03–1.08), and seizure precautions (HR = 1.08, 95% CI, 1.04–1.12).

Conclusion Unsupervised machine learning methods can automatically reveal interpretable and informative signals from free-text and may support early identification of patients at risk for RR events.
Bends in magnetophoretic conductors
Authors: Abedini-Nassab Roozbeh , Shourabi Reza
Published: December 2019

The controlled transport of individual particles and single cells to addressable compartments is a fundamental aim in the emerging fields of lab-on-a-chip and single cell biology. Toward this goal, magnetophoretic circuits, by providing precise control over individual particles in a highly parallel manner, have shown to be a unique competitor for the rivals in the field. In these matter transport platforms, magnetic thin films provide a predefined trajectory for the magnetic microbeads and magnetically labeled cells toward the desired spots. These magnetic paths, called magnetophoretic conductors, are usually placed in horizontal or vertical directions in a circuit; however, we have made no prior attempts to optimize the design of the junctions and the bends in the conductors. Here, we provide an optimization analysis of the bends based on variation in the particle’s size. Considering the achieved results, we designed multiple bends with high performance in transporting magnetized particles and cells. Applying these designs to the magnetophoretic circuits results in a robust, multiplexed platform capable of manipulating microbeads and single cells with important applications in biology, immunology, and drug screening.