bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise da produção de alunos do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental, veiculada em cartazes, acerca da presença ou não de proporcionalidade em situações cotidianas de preços de produtos
Authors: Teixeira Paulo Jorge Magalhães
Published: October 2020

O objetivo geral deste artigo reside em apresentar e analisar dados das produções apresentadas por alunos do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental de um colégio público, fruto de um trabalho de campo relacionado com o conteúdo proporcionalidade e os resultados sintetizados em cartazes afixados nas paredes de uma sala de aula. O trabalho está inserido em um estudo amplo, que objetiva responder questões pertinentes com os conhecimentos necessários para a docência de professores em serviço. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa modalidade pesquisa-ação estratégica, segundo Franco (2005), em que a análise dos dados colhidos ao acaso constituíram o mote para apontar indicações a respeito de como a proposição de atividades pelo professor, sem a devida correção dos resultados obtidos, pode afetar distorções em relação a inadequada apropriação de conhecimentos pelos alunos. Os resultados revelaram indícios de o conteúdo não ter sido desenvolvido de maneira adequada e em consonância com a efetiva compreensão acerca de um dos significados do conceito proporcionalidade, envolvido nas situações-problema apresentadas.
A disciplina de Matemática Financeira nas matrizes curriculares dos cursos de Licenciaturas em Matemática no Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Regimar Alves , Silva Luciano Duarte da , Rodrigues Márcio Urel , Ferreira Nilton Cezar
Published: October 2020

Nesta  pesquisa, objetivamos compreender de que maneira a disciplina  de Matemática Financeira está estruturada nos Projetos Pedagógicos dos  Cursos (PPCs) das licenciaturas em Matemática e adequada à futura prática do professor. Adotamos como metodologia, uma abordagem qualitativa do tipo documental, cujo corpus foi constituído por 182 PPCs de cursos, de todas as regiões geográficas do Brasil. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, a qual possibilitou a constituição de duas categorias de análise. Debatendo as categorias, evidenciamos a necessidade de as licenciaturas em Matemática tomem  para si a responsabilidade de formar professores capacitados, contemplando saberes associados ao desenvolvimento  do  processo de educação escolar básica. Esperamos que este estudo possa contribuir com o debate do currículo da formação inicial de professores e que transcenda o ensino, meramente técnico, o qual supervaloriza o ensino numa perspectiva transmissiva de conceitos em detrimento da construção do conhecimento científico.
Magnitudes en libros de texto de 6º curso de Educación Primaria
Authors: Aguilera-García Cristina , Arnal-Palacián Mónica
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo analisamos o aparecimento das magnitudes em três livros didáticos espanhóis do sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental. A fim de realizar este estudo, revisamos a pesquisa realizada sobre o ensino-aprendizagem da medida no Ensino Fundamental e o uso dos livros didáticos na sala de aula. Posteriormente, foi selecionada uma amostra e foi necessário construir um instrumento que permitisse  a  análise  de  cada  um  deles.  Entre  os  resultados  deste  estudo  estão  a  apresentação  da magnitude  da  área  em  todos  os  livros  didáticos,  uma  predominância  do  sistema  de  representação verbal, problemas específicos relacionados à vida diária e a presença de imagens que acompanham algumas das noções.
The hybrid teaching model: a proposal continuing education for first grade teachers
Authors: Abar Celina Aparecida Almeida Pereira , Rodrigues Renata Udvary , Almeida Marcio Vieira de
Published: October 2020

Este  artigo  apresenta  parte  dos  resultados  de  um  projeto  que  teve  como  objetivo investigar se as estratégias utilizadas para a formação continuada de professores pedagogos utilizando  um  modelo  de  Ensino  Híbrido –"Sala  de  Aula  Invertida"  poderia  ser  um instrumento favorável para a formação continuada de professores no contexto da Matemática (Shulman,1987),  em  especial  da  Geometria.  A  proposta  foi  uma  tentativa  de  buscar  o aprimoramento de conceitos e práticas didáticas para o ensino de Geometria nos primeiros anos do ensino fundamental, abordando aspectos teóricos (Van Hiele,1986) e metodológicos e com o uso de tecnologias digitais, especialmente o software GeoGebra. Foi oferecida uma capacitação com a proposta de capacitar educadores, que lecionam no ensinofundamental, a  ensinar  Geometria  Plana  com  o  uso  de  tecnologias  digitais  e  incentivá-los  na  busca contínua pelo aperfeiçoamento profissional. Os professores participaram da criação de um modelo  proposto,  em  suas  respectivas  áreas  de  atuação,  contribuindo para  resultados significativos.
Effects of Different Combination of Growing Media on Growth and Total Phenolic Content in Labisia pumila (Kacip Fatimah)
Authors: Farah Fazwa Md. Ariff , Norhayati Saffie , Syafiqah Nabilah Samsul Bahari , Keeren Sundara Rajoo
Published: October 2020

Labisia pumila, locally known in Malaysia as Kacip Fatimah, is highly-prized for its phenols. Phenolic compounds in L. pumila has numerous pharmacological properties such as having anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer potential. The production of phenolic contents in plants is influence by various factor, including abiotic factors such as soil properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of different combinations of growing media on the growth and total phenolic content in L. pumila leaves. Six combinations of growing media were used, each using different types of compost that had differing amounts of L. pumila leaves. The plants were grown in all media for a period of six months at FRIM’s nursery. Besides growth performance, the total phenolic content was also determined, six months after planting. There was no significant difference in growth parameters for all treatments, with the exception of control (significantly lower than all treatments). However, the total phenolic content of Treatment 1 (80.6 mg GAE/g) was significantly higher than all other treatments. This can be attributed to the properties of Compost 1 (which was in the growth media of Treatment 1), as it had the highest pH (5.26), the highest potassium concentration (0.7%) and high nitrogen concentrations (1.32%). The composition of Compost 1 was 5 kg dry leaves + 500 g dry Kacip Fatimah + Slow Release Fertilizer (SRF). Results from this study showed that growing media is a key factor that leads to significant increment in phenolic compounds in L. pumila.
PENGGUNAAN QAWA‘ID FIQHIYYAH DALAM PUTUSAN HAKIM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA MEDAN
Authors: Mahruzani Nur Lubis Dedi
Published: October 2020

This article discusses the extent of the use of Qawaid Fiqhiyyah in the Medan District Court Judgment. Qawaid Fiqhiyyah will look its function when someone or a mujtahid even a judge in court when facing problems of Islamic law. One of the official government agencies that always faces cases and problems of Islamic law is the Religious Court. The Religious Courts in resolving disputes under their jurisdiction desperately need the qawa>idh fiqhiyyah. The qawa>idh fiqhiyyah to be referred by a Judge of the Religious Courts in their decisions will assist them in resolving the cases at hand. In its legal considerations, the judge will normatively mention the qawa>idh fiqhiyyah as a reference in deciding a case. There are three decisions that are examined in this article about the extent of the use of fiqh rules in a Judge's decision in the Medan Religious Court.
The Effects of Safety Culture on Occupational Accidents: An explanatory study in Container Terminals of Turkey
Authors: Solmaz Murat Selçuk , Erdem Pelin , Barış Gökçe
Published: October 2020

Detection of the underlying mechanisms leading to accidents resulting in fatalities and injuries is crucial to improve maritime safety. This paper examines the association between safety culture and occupational accidents in the container terminals. Within the scope of the study, six different container terminals that are situated in Marmara Region was selected as application areas in Turkey. For the purpose of gathering information, survey has been conducted with 134 respondent and interview has been carried out with the occupational safety specialists of ports, respectively. Collected data were analysed using SPSS 22 software to determine safety culture level of terminals and its correlation with accidents. Data obtained from six container terminals were presented and results were discussed with respect to safety culture assessment and occupational accidents. The results highlight that the positive safety culture have a strong influence on port workers in terms of avoiding from accidents. Additionally, each component related to safety culture was found in a significant correlation with occurrences of accidents. Then again, port workers found to be rarely involved in accidents in case the safety culture level is high.
Сорта ячменя коллекционного питомника в селекционных исследованиях Омского АНЦ
Authors: Бендина Яна Борисовна , Юсова Оксана Александровна , Николаев Петр Николаевич
Published: October 2020

Ячмень — кормовая, продовольственная и техническая культура, содержащая в зерне большое количество легкоусвояемого белка. Идентифицированы сорта ячменя по электрофоретическим спектрам гордеинов. Объект исследований — 6 сортов омской и инорайонной селекций. Определены показатели качества зерна: содержание белка, крахмала и сырого жира. Показано, что линейными по гордеин-кодирующим локусам являются сорта Абалак и Беатрис. Остальные сорта гетерогенны по гордеин-кодирующим локусам. Максимальное содержание белка у сорта Омский 91 — 15,12 %. Инорайонные сорта уступали сортам омской селекции по содержанию белка от –0,37 до –2,89 % к st. Максимальное содержание крахмала у сорта Московский 86 — +11,0 % к st. По содержанию сырого жира лидером стал сорт Омский 91 — +2,17 % к st. С повышением продуктивности снижается содержание белка и сырого жира в зерна ячменя (r = –0,729 по белку и –0,513 по жиру). С участием коллекционных сортов получены новые перспективные популяции, характеризующиеся превышением над средними показателями родительских форм: Омский 95 × Беатрис (352) — по содержанию сырого жира (+0,62 %); Омский 95 × Беатрис (353) — по содержанию белка (+0,63 %), крахмала (+2,63 %) и сырого жира (+0,52 %); Омский 95 × Беатрис (350) — по урожайности (+38 г/м2). Данные популяции рекомендованы для дальнейших исследований.
Two-point boundary value problem for a partial differential equation in spaces of periodic functions
Authors: Ilkiv V.S. , Nytrebych Z.M. , Pukach P.Y. , Vovk M.I.
Published: October 2020

We investigate the two-point in time boundary value problem for the partial differential equations of the second-order with one spatial variable and constant coefficients. The problem is considered in in the spaces of functions which Fourier coefficients are characterized by exponential behavior on the Cartesian product of the time interval and spatial domain $\mathbb{R}/2\pi\mathbb{Z}$. The correct solvability of the problem is established, the formulas for solutions are presented, the kernel is described and the smoothness of the solution is established in the spaces of functions that are periodic in one spatial variable. We have established the conditions which are close to the necessary conditions of solvability of the problem in scale of spaces of functions with exponentially increasing (or decreasing) Fourier coefficients.We also found the asymptotic estimates demonstrating the absence of the problem of small denominators, which arises of many spatial variables and makes the boundary value problem incorrect. We have established sufficient conditions of the finite-dimensionality of the kernel of the problem and found upper bounds for its dimension. The results are obtained under the condition of minimum smoothness on the right-hand sides of two-point conditions, which is close to the necessary condition.
Spectral radius of S-essential spectra
Authors: Belabbaci C.
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we study the spectral radius of some S-essential spectra of a bounded linear operator defined on a Banach space. More precisely, via the concept of measure of noncompactness,we show that for any two bounded linear operators $T$ and $S$ with $S$ non zero and non compact operator the spectral radius of the S-Gustafson, S-Weidmann, S-Kato and S-Wolf essential spectra are given by the following inequalities\begin{equation}\dfrac{\beta(T)}{\alpha(S)}\leq r_{e, S}(T)\leq \dfrac{\alpha(T)}{\beta(S)},\end{equation}where $\alpha(.)$ stands for the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness and $\beta(.)$ is defined in [11].In the particular case when the index of the operator $S$ is equal to zero, we prove the last inequalities for the spectral radius of the S-Schechter essential spectrum. Also, we prove that the spectral radius of the S-Jeribi essential spectrum satisfies inequalities 2) when the Banach space $X$ has no reflexive infinite dimensional subspace and the index of the operator $S$ is equal to zero (the S-Jeribi essential spectrum, introduced in [7]as a generalisation of the Jeribi essential spectrum).
Current status of traumatic brain injury research in Malaysia: A systematic review
Authors: Arulsamy Alina , Shaikh Mohd Farooq
Published: October 2020

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. In 2009, the National Trauma Database Malaysia reported that nearly 80% of traumas in the population were caused by road traffic accidents, with 64% of these cases related to TBI. Despite these concerning reports, TBI reporting systems and research are still limited in Malaysia. Thus, this systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the available literature on TBI in Malaysia in order to uncover the status of TBI research in Malaysia. A comprehensive literature search was performed on four databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline and Scopus) regarding TBI in Malaysia. Critical evaluation of 60 relevant articles after application of inclusion and exclusion criteria have indicated that TBI research in Malaysia may have significant limitations in representing the actual TBI population and was lacking in basic TBI research. Thus, there is a dire need for government and private institutions to provide support for the advancement of TBI reporting and the progression of basic, clinical and translation TBI research in Malaysia. This will create a deeper understanding of TBI, contributing to global TBI knowledge, and advancing the development of efficient interventions for Malaysians with its population heterogeneity taken into consideration.
Explaining Dark Matter Without New Physics?
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: October 2020

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles or regions. When applied to astrophysics, these effects are analogous to additional matter within or around galaxies. This way, we recover behaviors that match expected and observed effects when dark matter would be present or missing. No New Physics is introduced in terms of new particles beyond the Standard Model or modifying long range gravity: only the modeling of gravity as emerging from entanglement, in a multi-fold universe.
Strategi Perintisan Jemaat DI Tengah Sinkretisme Budaya Nias
Authors: Halawa Iman Krisdayanti
Published: October 2020

Kebudayaan Nias adalah kebudayaan yang megalitik, ini dibuktikan dengan peninggalan sejarah berupa ukiran batu-batu besar yang masih ditemukan diwilayah pedalaman pulau ini. Suku Nias adalah masyarakat yang masih hidup dalam lingkungan adat dan kebudayaan yang masih tinggi. Dalam aspek fondu (kepercayaan atau agama) masyarakat Nias menganut kepercayaan animisme. Kepercayaan animisme adalah kepercayaan kepada roh yang mendiami semua. Dalam sistem religi, masyarakat Nias memiliki kepercayaan suku yang disebut sinemba adu, yang berarti penyembah patung yang dipercayai sebagai media bersemayam nenek moyang. Dalam hal ini, perintisan jemaat ditengah sinkretisme budaya Nias dapat dilihat dari usaha para hamba Tuhan bahkan seluruh orang percaya untuk menjangkau setiap jiwa-jiwa yang masih terikat dengan roh-roh, benda atau patung, khususnya di masyarakat Nias
Laporan Minggu Ke Dua Posko Bontonompo
Authors: risna
Published: October 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus (kklp) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian dalam masyarakat yang di lakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu oleh karena, sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pada suatu program starata satu (S1) harus mengikuti KKLP.
Effects of Rural Electrification on Employment: A Comment on Dinkelman (2011)
Authors: Bensch Gunther , Gotz Gunnar , Peters Jörg
Published: October 2020

This paper replicates and extends the seminal paper by Dinkelman (2011) on the impacts of electrification on female employment. We revisit the validity of the identification strategy that uses the land gradient as an instrumental variable (IV). Our robustness checks cast doubt on the exclusion restriction as the IV drives the outcome variable in non-electrified regions. We also demonstrate that it is more difficult to disentangle the effects of electricity and road infrastructure than the original paper claims, because the IV affects both. We additionally highlight that the IV is weak, consequently preventing interpretation of the point estimates that are used throughout the original paper. The concomitance of a questionable exclusion restriction and a weak IV is particularly problematic. We conclude by arguing that the take-aways of the original paper for policy and the academic literature need to be reconsidered. In general terms, our comment shows the difficulties of using geographical variation as a natural experiment for infrastructure evaluation.
The Old Man and His Caravan
Authors: Brell Edward
Published: October 2020

A sample caravan is presented to illustrate the effect on critical speed by adding LPG bottles. spare tyres and additional water. By using well-established formulae, the sensitivity of bad loading is demonstrated. Lateral tyre stiffness is identified as a most important contributor to caravan fishtailing.
On the realness of people who do not exist: the social processing of artificial faces
Authors: Tucciarelli Raffaele , Vehar Neza , Tsakiris Manos
Published: October 2020

Today more than ever, we are asked to judge the realness, truthfulness and trustworthiness of our social world. We here focus on how people perceive artificially-generated faces. Faces generated by Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are realistic-looking faces of non-existing people, increasingly used in marketing, journalism, social media, and political propaganda. Across three studies, we investigated if and how participants can distinguish between GAN and Real faces and the social consequences of exposure to artificial faces. GAN faces were more likely perceived as real than Real faces, a pattern partly explained by intrinsic stimuli characteristics. Moreover, participants’ realness judgments influenced their behaviour, displaying increased social conformity towards faces perceived as real, independently of their actual realness. Lastly, knowledge about the presence of GAN faces eroded social trust. Our findings point to potentially far-reaching consequences of the pervasive use of GAN faces in a culture powered by images at unprecedented levels.
Positional Inference in Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Jensen Greg , Ferrera Vincent P , Terrace Herbert S
Published: October 2020

Understanding how organisms make transitive inferences is critical to understanding their general ability to learn serial relationships. In this context, transitive inference (TI) can be understood as a specific heuristic that applies broadly to many different serial learning tasks, which have been the focus of hundreds of studies involving dozens of species. In the present study, monkeys learned the order of 7-item lists of photographic stimuli by trial and error, and were then tested on “derived” lists. These derived lists combined stimuli from multiple training lists in ambiguous ways. We found that subjects displayed strong preferences when presented with novel test pairs. These preferences were helpful when test pairs had an ordering congruent with their ranks during training, but yielded consistently below-chance performance when pairs had an incongruent order relative to training. This behavior can be explained by the joint contributions of transitive inference and another heuristic that we refer to as “positional inference.” Positional inferences play a complementary role to transitive inferences in facilitating choices between novel pairs of stimuli. The theoretical framework that best explains both transitive and positional inferences is a spatial model that represents both the position and uncertainty of each stimulus. A computational implementation of this framework yields accurate predictions about both correct responses and errors for derived lists.
A Comparison of Penalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo Techniques for Estimating Confirmatory Factor Analysis Models with Small Sample Sizes
Authors: Lüdtke Oliver , Ulitzsch Esther , Robitzsch Alexander
Published: October 2020

With small to modest sample sizes and complex models, maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models can show serious estimation problems such as nonconvergence or parameter estimates that are outside the admissible parameter space. In the present article, we discuss two Bayesian estimation methods for stabilizing parameter estimates of a CFA: Penalized maximum likelihood (PML) estimation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We clarify that these use different Bayesian point estimates from the joint posterior distribution—the mode (PML) of the joint posterior distribution, and the mean (EAP) or mode (MAP) of the marginal posterior distribution—and discuss under which conditions the two methods produce different results. In a simulation study, we show that the MCMC method clearly outperforms PML and that these performance gains can be explained by the fact that MCMC uses the EAP as a point estimate. We also argue that it is often advantageous to choose a parameterization in which the main parameters of interest are bounded and suggest the four-parameter beta distribution as a prior distribution for loadings and correlations. Using simulated data, we show that selecting weakly informative four-parameter beta priors can further stabilize parameter estimates, even in cases when the priors were mildly misspecified. Finally, we derive recommendations and propose directions for further research.
Individuation: Number marking languages vs. classifier languages
Authors: Cheung Pierina
Published: October 2020

Book chapter from the Oxford Handbook of Grammatical Number
"It’s Going to be Out There For a Long Time": The Influence of Message Persistence on Users’ Political Opinion Expression in Social Media
Authors: Neubaum German
Published: October 2020

In light of the growing politicization of social media, the spiral of silence theory and its predictions on the conditions under which individuals express political opinions have gained increasing scholarly attention. This study contributes to this line of research by identifying the influence of a central characteristic of social media: message persistence. It was expected that high technical durability of political messages reduces users’ propensity to voice their opinion, moderating the silence effect. A pre-registered experiment (N = 772) revealed a small-to-medium persistence effect in three out of four topical contexts. While perceived congruence with the opinion climate was not associated with the likelihood of opinion expression, the latter could be explained by a mental cost-benefit calculus that was shaped by message persistence. Theoretical implications are discussed referring to (a) a situational approach regarding silencing processes on social media and (b) its connection to a behavioral calculus of human communication.
Penetrating Keratoplasty – Indications in a tertiary care center in Nepal
Authors: Singh Kinsuk , Chaudhary Meenu , Sitaula Sanjeeta
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Penetrating keratoplasty has become one of the most commonly performed transplant procedures where full thickness diseased host corneal tissue is replaced with healthy donor corneal tissue. Aims of penetrating keratoplasty include improvement in visual acuity, removal of infectious load, alleviate pain or even to simply save the anatomy of the eye. Visual improvement and removal of infection is the prime objective of majority of corneal grafts. The objective of the study was to evaluate various current indications of penetrating keratoplasty in central Nepal and its difference from the developed world.

Material and methods: A hospital based study of 36 patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty between January 2014 and June 2015 was carried out at B.P. Koirala Centre for ophthalmic studies. Following clinical examination and investigations, surgical intervention was done when required. The patient data were recorded and followed up. Indication for surgery, investigations and demographic profile were assessed.

Results: Mean recipient age was 46.56 years (+/- 16.02 years). The male: female ratio was 1.57:1. The most common indication for penetrating keratoplasty was infectious keratitis (44.44%), followed by corneal opacity or scarring (30.56 %), re-grafts (13.89%),bullous keratopathy (2.78%), keratoconus (2.78%) and others (2.78%)

Conclusion: Though corneal diseases and indications for transplant surgery in developing countries are different from those in the western world, penetrating keratoplasty has emerged as one of the most successful way to reduce corneal blindness and to restore vision.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Parajuli Anil , Joshi Purushottam , Subedi Prabha , Pradhan Chandni
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The most common cause of vision loss in cases of Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is due to macular edema. This study was conducted to examine the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in the treatment of macular edema secondary to RVO.

Materials and methods: The authors conducted a retrospective study of 94 eyes (N) of 92 patients with macular edema associated with decreased visual acuity secondary to RVO who were treated with IVB. Patients received IVB at baseline, 1 month and 2 months. At each follow up patients were evaluated and re-injected if necessary.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.6 ±11.51 years. The average number of injections per eye was 2.1 ± 0.87. The baseline median central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in LogMAR was 465.00μm (Min 254μm, Max 1218μm) and 1.00 (Min 0.30, Max 2.28), respectively. The median CMT at one month following first, second and third dose of IVB was 258μm (N=94, Z= -7.64, p <0.001), 261μm (N=63, Z= -0.17, p=0.86), and 292μm (N=41, Z= -0.21, p= 0.83), respectively. The median LogMAR BCVA at one month following first, second and third dose of IVB was 0.60 (N=94, Z= -5.70, p < 0.001), 0.60 (N=63, Z= -1.69, p=0.09), and 0.60 (N=41, Z= -0.03, p=0.97), respectively. Pre-operative BCVA was the best predictor of the final visual outcome after IVB in cases of RVO. None of the patients developed any serious ocular or systemic complications due to IVB.

Conclusion: IVB is an effective and safe treatment for macular edema associated with decreased visual acuity secondary to RVO. The most beneficial effect of IVB is seen at one month after the first dose. The efficacy of subsequent doses could not be established in this study
Polonistyczny regres, czyli o projektowanej dydaktyce polonistycznej
Authors: Kwiatkowska‑Ratajczak Maria
Published: October 2020

The author undertakes the topic of the Polish language education undergoing constant reform. She refers to the fact that the reformers disregard established didactic conclusions and take into account neither the students’ needs nor the subjectivity of both young people and teachers. She indicates restrictions imposed on the spheres of school leeway and, at the same time, the expansion of the prescribed duties. Additionally, she points to the school curriculum overload. While underscoring the flaws of the literary mandatory readings’ chronological ordering, she elucidates that the contemporary perspective, which have been introduced in teaching, is largely ostensible. What she proves is that editors of new Polish language school books simply multiple requirements towards teenage students and their humanist formation. She denies the purposefulness of teaching multitude of terms to students, and reminds us that such a rote learning trains memory but does not teach one how to think. She describes the petrification of knowledge of language and omission of communicative learning, which both stem from the core curriculum and the conservatism of handbooks. She is convinced that what is genuinely important may transpire at school outside the core curriculum and the scope of school books.
Dylematy kształcenia polonistycznego, czyli czego nas uczą pierwsze lata reformy
Authors: Janus‑Sitarz Anna
Published: October 2020

The review article describes the effects of the hastily implemented reform of school education. Its effects were monitored by researchers whose observations appeared in the volume Dilemmas of Polish Studies in the reformed primary school edited by Zofia Budrewicz and Danuta Łazarska, published as part of the Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracovienesis. Authors from many academic centres address the topics of overcrowded high schools (the socalled effect of the double year), students overloaded with learning, return of rote learning, as well as the process of full centralisation in education management (no teachers’ participation in preparing reforms), or politicised programme changes and haste. The volume contains many texts that critically analyse the new core curriculum in the field of Polish language education. Repeated allegations include: anachronism, lack of autonomy in the choice of texts, deprivation of references to modern times, dominance of theoretical terminology, marginalisation of communication practice, etc. In addition, some of the dissertations contained in the publication are based on empirical research and examples of so-called good educational practices.
Interaction of Hematological Analysis and α-globin Genotypes among Eligible Blood Donors
Authors: Teh Lai Kuan , Lim Li Fang , Teh Yu Leong , George Elizabeth , Lee TzeYan , Lim Lay Ngor
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Alpha thalassaemia is one of the haemoglobin disorders in which the carriers of alpha thalassaemia may have normal haemoglobin level and are eligible to donate blood which may bring complications. This study is to investigate the interaction of haematological parameter with α-globin genotypes among eligible blood donors. Materials & Methods: A cohort study with 270 eligible blood donors were analysed for red cell indices. Alpha-globin (α-globin) genotyping was performed for seven deletions, six point mutations and two triplications. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the α-globin genotypes with haematological data. Results: High prevalence of α-thalassaemia carriers (7.7%, 21/270) was found among blood donors. All of them did not show anaemic pictures with a normal Hb level (>12 gm/dl). Five genotypes were identified consisting of 249 αα/αα (92.2%), nine -α 3.7/αα (3.3%), nine-- SEA/αα (3.3%), two -α 4.2/αα (0.7%) and one ααCS/αα (0.4%). Different α-globin genotypes showed a significant difference in RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, and Hct/Hb ratio (p<0.05) due to the different extent of α-globin chain reduction. Conclusion: Our study concluded that by using Hb level alone is not sufficient to screen for the eligibility of blood donors. Full blood count (FBC) screening with borderline MCV and MCH levels might be able to rule out silent α-thalassemia carriers. FBC and molecular characterisation should be incorporated together to properly rule out α-thalassaemia carriers.><0.05) due to the different extent of α-globin chain reduction. Conclusion: Our study concluded that by using Hb level alone is not sufficient to screen for the eligibility of blood donors. Full blood count (FBC) screening with borderline MCV and MCH levels might be able to rule out silent α-thalassemia carriers. FBC and molecular characterisation should be incorporated together to properly rule out α-thalassaemia carriers.
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index as an Assessment Tool to Indicate Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with Primary Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Ab Rahman S , Narhari P , Sharifudin MA , Shokri AA
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The WOMAC questionnaire is used extensively in the assessment of knee osteoarthritis butnot as an indicator of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We aimed to assess if the WOMAC score can be used asan assessment tool to indicate TKA in primary knee osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: Patients withprimary knee osteoarthritis Kellgren and Lawrence grades 3 or 4 were assessed separately by either one oftwo arthroplasty surgeons for indications to undergo TKA and evaluated using the WOMAC score. Patients whohad received any form of intra-articular knee injection within six months before assessment were excluded.Patients were divided into two groups; indicated for TKA, and for non-surgical treatment. The mean WOMACscore of patients from both groups was compared using Independent t-test. The accuracy at different cut-offpoints in the score indicated for TKA was determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curveplotted on sensitivity and 1-specificity graph. Results: The study included 74 patients with a mean age of62.5 years (SD=8.26). There was a significant difference in the total WOMAC score (p<0.001) and itscomponents between patients of the two groups. At the cut-off point of 30, the specificity and sensitivity ofthe score indicated for TKA was 91.18% and 95.00% respectively. The positive predictive value was 93.24%.Conclusion: We recommend all primary knee osteoarthritis Kellgren and Lawrence grades 3 or 4 with ascore of 30 and above should be referred to an arthroplasty surgeon for the possibility of requiring TKA.
The grammar network, by language use, de Holger Diessel
Authors: Sampaio Braga Alonso Karen , Oliveira Diego Leite de
Published: October 2020

Livro resenhado:DIESSEL, H. The Grammar Network: How language structure is shaped by language use. Cambridge: University Press, 2019.
Kinetics and thermodynamics of lipids extraction from microalgae using n-hexane
Authors: PARİDA Satyam , BISWAL Satya
Published: October 2020

The growth kinetics and bioenergetics of microalgae is well studied; however, the kinetics and thermodynamics of extraction of lipids from microalgae is poorly understood. The present study focuses on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the lipid extraction process from microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using n-hexanein a Soxhlet extractor. The extraction process was shown to increase lipids extraction with temperature (from 35 to 55 °C). Further, at a given temperature, the percent lipid extraction is linearly increased till 1.5 hours and then remained almost constant. The statistical analysis including parameters like correlation coefficient (R2), the root mean square (RMS), standard deviation (SD) and standard error of estimation (SEE) were used to establish the relevance of each model. The series of best kinetic models from high to low prominence is pseudo-second order, hyperbolic, Elovich’s, parabolic and power model. The enthalpy and entropy of the present system is 266.31 kJ/mol and 0.924 kJ/mol-K, respectively. The Gibb’s free energy decreased from -19.053 to -37.412 kJ/mol as the extraction temperature increased. The kinetic and thermodynamics parameters evaluation suggested that the microalgal lipid extraction using n-hexane is efficient and a spontaneous process.
Unraveling optimum culture composition for hydrogen and 5-aminolevulinic acid production by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001
Authors: KARS Gökhan , ALPARSLAN Ümmühan
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work was to reveal optimum culture composition for hydrogen and 5-aminolevulinic acid productions by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 regarding substrate concentration and supplementations of elements and vitamins. Acetate was chosen as carbon source and five distinct concentrations (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 mM) were tested in two experimental setups. While, elements (FeSO4, 2 g L-1 and Na2MoO4.2H2O, 0.2 g L-1) and vitamins (Biotin, 0.015 g L-1, Niacin, 0.5 g L-1 and Thiamine, 0.5 g L-1) were added into the media in the first setup, they were omitted in the latter for comparison. As a result, the highest hydrogen production (0.33 L H2 L-1 culture) was attained in the presence of supplements using 20 mM acetate. Similarly, the maximum amount of 5-ALA generation (16.54 mM) was achieved in 20 mM acetate containing medium under the same conditions. On the other hand, the greatest bacterial growth (OD660: 4.412, 2.162 g cdw L-1) was achieved in the absence of supplements using 40 mM acetate. To conclude, while element and vitamin supplementations promoted hydrogen and 5-ALA productions, absence of these had a positive effect on cell biomass. Specifically, the medium containing 20 mM acetate together with elements and vitamins could be suggested as the optimum growth culture for the highest hydrogen and 5-ALA productions.
Analysis of pollution load originating from cattle, small ruminant and poultry: A comparative case study for Isparta, Turkey
Authors: KUMAŞ Kazım , AKYÜZ Ali Özhan
Published: October 2020

The animal wastes and bacteria in the fertilizer reach the water sources as a result of washing with precipitation and floods and cause deterioration of microbial quality. If the necessary precautions are not taken, it will be inevitable for wastes in livestock enterprises to pollute groundwater and resources as a potential pollutant. In this study, animal pollution load caused by spreading pollutant sources of Isparta center and its districts in Burdur basin was determined.
In the pollution load calculation, 2019 animal numbers data were used according to three different animal species and the annual total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads were calculated. As a result of the calculation, the total TN load is 272.22 tons / year, total TP load was calculated as 8.45 tons / year. In addition, the district with the most widespread pollution load was determined and comparisons were made among the districts.
A factorial analysis on the built-in risks influencing marginal oil field development in Nigeria
Authors: OMOTEHİNSE Ayodeji
Published: October 2020

Marginal field development in the prolific Niger Delta environment is of strategic importance to the Federal Government of Nigeria’s drive towards aggressive reserve and production capacity enhancement. For successful development of a marginal field, it is imperative to understand the various risks and uncertainties that are inherent in developing the field as the oil industry is exposed to a lot of risk more than most manufacturing industries in the world. This study offers clarification and deep intuition about the insidiousness of these risk factors, discusses their wider implications and gives justification for their economic significance. This study investigates a total of thirty-four (34) risk variables influencing marginal oil field development by using a survey approach involving the use of Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (KCC) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (KCC) analyzed the level of agreement among the 13 Judges who ranked the variables in descending order of importance. The result showed an index of agreement in ranking among the judges as W=0.60. This indicates 60% agreement among the Judges. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) facilitated by StatistiXL software package was efficient in achieving parsimony in factor reduction from thirty-four variables to mere six factors. The result shows that six principal factors, creatively labelled: Geo-technical Economism, Operational and Economic Leaven, Fiscal Ripple, Bottom Line, Logistics and Oil quality represent the principal risk factors that influence marginal oil field development in Nigeria. This study brings to bear the militating factors that affect operations and profitability of marginal oilfields development in Nigeria.
Estimation of li-ion battery state of charge using adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)
Authors: KARABACAK Yusuf , OZKAN İlker Ali , SARİTAS İsmail
Published: October 2020

Thanks to their electrochemical structure, batteries are the elements that can store electrical energy and spend on a load when the electrical energy they store is needed. Today, with the widespread use of electrically powered mobile devices, rechargeable batteries have become widespread and battery technologies have developed. With the idea that the latest technology systems and electric vehicles will become widespread in the future, the studies on batteries are increasing day by day. In this study, charge state estimation of Li-ion battery cell used to provide power in many applications was realized by using adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). A Li-ion battery was discharged using variable electrical loads with a battery discharge circuit modeled on MATLAB Simulink and current, voltage, temperature and current power parameters of the battery were selected as input variables. Battery parameters and charge status data obtained from discharge tests using different electrical loads on MATLAB Simulink were used as training and test parameters of neural network. Using the MATLAB ANFIS toolbox, the system was trained with 80% of the battery parameters obtained in the battery discharge experiments and with 20% as testing data, the success performance was interpreted by applying the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system.
Arabic Manuscript Book Traditions: Script, Space Arrangement of the Text and Bibliographical Description
Authors: Serikoff N. I. , Frantsouzoff S. A.
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the phenomenon of medieval Arabic manuscript book or a book written in Arabic script in non-Arabic language. Despite the large number of works where this phenomenon was analyzed, their authors did not provide a clear list of the criteria, which are specific to the Arabic manuscript book tradition in comparison to other medieval manuscript traditions of the West and East. Methodologically, the work is based on the principles of the “immanent analysis” of the phenomenon developed by the Russian and Soviet philological schools at the beginning of the last century in relation to the analysis of literary works. The authors of this article came to the conclusion that the structure-forming components of the phenomenon of the Arabic medieval manuscript book were as follows: 1) the Arabic script, as well as 2) the architectonics of the text of the Arabic manuscript book and 3) the specific features of the Arabic bibliographic description. The authors believe that these three components identified the Arabic (arabographic) handwritten book throughout its existence: from the 9th century AD to the present and from Eastern Europe to Indonesia. The results allow us to clearly understand what distinguished a book belonging to the Arabic manuscript tradition from manuscript books that were transcribed at the same time and in the same region, such as Coptic or Syriac.
The Ramses III's inscription and the Trojan War: towards the historiography of the discussion
Authors: Safronov A. V.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the translation and interpretation of lines 51-52 from the Medinet Abu inscription, which dates to the 5th year of the reign of Pharaoh Ramses III. For the first time, this inscription drew the attention of the Soviet classicist Vadim Tsymbursky (1957-2009). In 1994 he suggested that lines 51-52 comprise a mention of the Trojan War. However, Tsymbursky did not read Ancient Egyptian and therefore he was not in a position to bring forward a sufficient argument to confirm his suggestion. Russian scholars in the recent years have produced a series of expert studies regarding the topic in question, which, however, have neither confirmed nor rejected the Tsymbursky hypothesis. In 2006, and subsequently in 2019, the author of the present article examined de visu the inscription in question and offered a new interpretation: “(51) Northern foreign lands trembled in their bodies, namely: peleset, teker [and tursha], (52) whose own land was ravaged. Their souls approached their end”. The author puts the Egyptian message into a clear historical context and justifies the possibility to compare the contents of these lines with the Greek epic tradition of the Trojan War.
The artistic Heritage of Dzanabadzar and his School preserved in the Collections of the State Hermitage
Authors: Elikhina Yu. I.
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the heritage of the outstanding master of Mongolian art Gombodorzhiin Dzanabadzar (1635-1723) and his disciples, who formed the so-called “school of Dzanabadzar”. The actual subject to analysis are most significant works of Mongolian Buddhist art preserved in the collections of the State Hermitage / St Petersburg. These comprise bronze sculptures and scrolls (tankas), as well as fragments of Buddhist clay sculptures and some other items, which originate from the Sardag monastery, the moulds for which were designed by Dzanabadzar. To describe the holdings, the author uses comparative analysis of the Buddhist iconography and stylistics. The sculptural works of the master as well as his disciples are so diverse that it is almost impossible to ascertain two completely identical items. The same is relevant for the phenomenon of the Dzanabadzar school plastics. Only the images of the clay tathagatas where were used the moulds are completely identical. The article offers a cornucopia of material for further discussions regarding the Mongolian art preserved in the collections of the State Hermitage.
On Avicennian Reception of Aristotle's Categories (ch. V-VII)
Authors: Efremova N. V. , Ibrahim T.
Published: October 2020

The article is the second part of a study regarding the problem of the re-edition of Aristotle's Categories in the work “The Healing” (ash-Shifā’) by the greatest philosopher of classical Islam, Ibn Sina (Avicenna; d. 1037). It is based on the immanent study of the source. The study highlights Avicenna's revision of Aristotelian doctrine of the first three categories - the substance, the quantity and the relation. The authors highlight the intention of Ibn Sina to supply the Aristotelian teaching on categories with a more scientific (apodictic) form and to synthesize harmoniously rather different and not always consistent expositions of the ten categories as explained in the Categories and Metaphysics by Aristotle. Special attention is paid to the efforts Ibn Sina made to “ontologize” the Aristotelian categories, namely not only the proof of the existence of each of them, but also the establishment of its substantiality or accidentality.