bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legados otorgados a legitimarios. Función, imputación y asunción de la carga en el Derecho español e italiano
Authors: Barba Vincenzo
Published: May 2024

El objeto de este estudio es analizar, distinguiendo todos los supuestosposibles, la regulación de los legados a favor del legitimario en el Derechoespañol e italiano, con el fin de ofrecer una visión clara y dar indicacionesútiles a la hora de otorgar testamento.Tras un breve análisis de las legislaciones italiana y española, se aclaraque los legados ordenados a favor de legitimarios plantean dos tipos de problemasdiferentes: el relativo a la relación entre el legado y legítima (paraaclarar si existe o no una lesión del legitimario) y el relativo a la relación dellegado con la posición del legitimario-heredero (para aclarar sobre qué personasdebe recaer el legado). La combinación de estos distintos elementosgenera una multiplicidad de supuestos que se analizan detenidamente, proponiendotambién ejemplos con el fin de aclarar las diferencias que determinauna u otra elección.Por lo que se refiere a la cuestión de las personas sobre las que deberecaer el legado, la respuesta que ofrece el Derecho italiano y el español essustancialmente la misma, de modo que en ambos ordenamientos jurídicospueden distinguirse tres supuestos según que el legado grava a todos losherederos (prelegado), o a personas distintas del beneficiario, o, finalmente,al propio beneficiario.Por lo que se refiere a la imputación del legado, la respuesta ofrecida porel Derecho español y el italiano es parcialmente diferente. En el Derechoitaliano, en el que no existe la mejora, el legado otorgado a favor del legitimariopuede ordenarse con o sin dispensa de imputación. En el Derechoespañol, en cambio, limitadamente a los legados otorgados a favor de descendientes,las posibilidades son más amplias, ya que es necesario establecersi el legado se debe imputar a mejora, legítima corta, o tercio de libredisposición. Se identifican así seis posibles casos.De la combinación de uno y otro surge un panorama complejo, que dalugar a ocho supuestos en Derecho italiano y en el Derecho español limitantementea los legados otorgados a favor del cónyuge o de ascendientes y adieciocho supuestos en Derecho español en el supuesto de legados otorgadosa favor de descendientes.En la última parte, se examina una figura expresamente regulada en elDerecho italiano y no regulada en el Derecho español, cual es el legado ensustitución de la legítima, también con el objetivo de comprobar si puede serútil en el Derecho español.
Связисты 14-й армии в обороне Заполярья
Authors: Котков В.М. , Сорокотяга И.А. , Спирина О.С.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассказывается о роли связистов 14-й армии в обороне Заполярья в 1942 году, о составе армейских частей связи.
Смена мировоззренческой парадигмы – стратегическая задача культурной политики России. Часть III. Эволюция как эпифеномен матричного принципа
Authors: Горюнков С.В.
Published: May 2024

Показано, почему неверно линейное понимание истории: оно игнорирует иерархическую структуру реальности, построенную на изоморфизме законов, общих для всех уровней иерархии. Показано также, что критерием выделения уровней служит самовоспроизводственный, или матричный принцип. Показано также, что эволюционно-исторический процесс, рассмотренный в смысловом контексте матричного принципа, оказывается не более чем его эпифеноменом.
Символ и чудо у средневековых францисканцев: Антоний Падуанский
Authors: Самарина М.С.
Published: May 2024

Статья посвящена Антонию Падуанскому, одному из самых известных средневековых проповедников, ученику и последователю основателя францисканского ордена Франциска Ассизского. Св. Антоний во многом повлиял на формирование образов «Божественной комедии» Данте. Особое внимание в статье уделяется наиболее известному религиозному тексту, описывающему так называемую «Проповедь рыбам» Антония на берегу моря. Анализируется глубокий символизм водной стихии, уходящей корнями в древние дохристианские индоевропейские представления. Делается вывод о наличии определенной параллели между «Проповедью птицам» Франциска Ассизского и «Проповедью рыбам» его ученика и последователя Антония Падуанского.
Европейский миграционный кризис в свете теории пассионарности и ~1650-летней цикличности масштабных миграций в Европу
Authors: Сайфуллин Р.Г.
Published: May 2024

Анализируется европейский миграционный кризис на основе теории пассионарности, а также эмпирически выявленной, начинающейся с неолита примерно 1650-летней цикличности масштабных миграций на территорию Европы и связанной с ними смены населения: ~6200  ~4550  ~2900  ~1250 гг. до н. э.  375–410  2010–2050(?) гг. В начальный период ориентировочно 1650-летнего цикла происходит смена исчерпавших пассионарность и находящихся в конце своего жизненного пути аборигенных этнических общностей пассионарными мигрантскими группами, находящимися в начале своего жизненного цикла. Формулируется вывод, что современный миграционный кризис, апогей которого пришелся на 2015 г., свидетельствует о начале очередного ~1650-летнего цикла. На этой основе дается прогноз на середину XXI в. как наиболее вероятном времени начала социально-политических катаклизмов в Европе, триггером которых послужат масштабные миграционные процессы. Не исключается вероятность, что эти процессы и спровоцированный ими социально-политический катаклизм могут произойти в ближайшие годы. Рассматривается комплекс исторических и климатических данных, подтверждающий существование ~1650-летней цикличности. Формулируются гипотезы о климатическом генезисе ~1650-летнего цикла и о возможной его синхронизации солнечным циклом Глайсберга.
Россия как эпистемическая демократия (эпистемологический и культурологический комментарий к политической теории) (статья первая)
Authors: Мартынов В.А.
Published: May 2024

Процедурализм как дискурсивная стратегия, отождествляющая демократию с электоральными процедурами, существовал всегда. Твердой теорией он стал в середине двадцатого века после появления ответов на вызовы, обозначенные Й. Шумпетером. С этого времени процедурализм стал магистральной линией теории демократии. Особенность новейшего знания – радикализация веры в процедурализм. Пик этих настроений – в модели Н. Урбинати, защищающей в XXI в. демократию от подрывной деятельности «уклонистов». С высоты этого радикализма недостаточно демократичными оказываются теории демократии таких известных политических мыслителей, как К. Шмитт, У. Липпман, А. Майклджон, Э. Лакло, Ф. Петти, П. Розанваллон, Д.М. Эстлунд. Все это – варианты «искаженной демократии». В первую очередь под давление критики попадают эпистемические «искажения» – за готовность жертвовать демократическими процедурами во имя действий, обеспеченных знанием истины. Поиск истины оказывается занятием, враждебным подлинно демократическому образу мысли. «Нужно, чтобы мы изъяли из политического дискурса поиск истины». Но возможность думать об эпистемической эффективности демократии остаётся. История демократии, в том числе в России, позволяет надеяться на то, что демократические и одновременно адекватные решения реальны. В первой из двух статей о сегодняшних проблемах российской демократии дается критика новейшего процедурализма. Критика как эпистемологическая, так и культурологическая. Показывается, что процедурализм – именно вера, указаны границы этой веры. Решения, опирающиеся на адекватную оценку реальности, иногда необходимы – именно во имя демократии. У «эпистемической демократии» есть право на существование.
Perfil del Laboratorio Urbano TUC: León, México
Authors: Ramírez Andrea , González Barbosa Sabrina , Guerra Flávia , Ramos-Galvez Alejandra , Sandholz Simone , Roll Michael , Campos-Sánchez Mariana , Enríquez-Alcaraz Ana Iris , Villasís-Escobedo Andrea , Pozos-Espinosa Óscar Jair
Published: May 2024

Después de casi dos años de funcionamiento, los desafíos y logros clave del Laboratorio Urbano (LU) TUC establecido en León, Guanajuato, México, proporcionan lecciones valiosas para mantener las actividades en curso, acelerar transformaciones más amplias y guiar iniciativas similares en otros lugares: 1. ESTABLECER LA LU COMO UN ESPACIO NEUTRAL PARA EL DIÁLOGO Y LA COLABORACIÓN: El LU León se ha convertido en un espacio de discusiones constructivas, involucrando gradualmente a múltiples partes interesadas y fomentando la colaboración, a pesar de los diferentes intereses. Sin embargo, se necesitan más esfuerzos para identificar y empoderar a nuevos liderazgos para mantener, institucionalizar y ampliar los procesos y resultados del LU. Potenciar la implicación de la comunidad, no solo en la implementación, sino también en la planificación y el mantenimiento de las soluciones, podría maximizar el impacto del LU. 2. FOMENTAR EL CAMBIO URBANO A TRAVÉS DE LA PARTICIPACIÓN Y NUEVOS LIDERAZGOS: La diversidad de intereses y agendas representadas en el LU León fomentó la experimentación en la intersección de los desafíos ambientales, climáticos y sociales. Si bien las iniciativas del LU promovieron el liderazgo comunitario, especialmente la movilización de lideresas comunitarias, se necesita un mayor compromiso estratégico para fomentar una participación ciudadana significativa en la dinámica del cambio urbano, incluidas las decisiones políticas y de inversiones relacionadas con el clima. 3. DESARROLLO DE CAPACIDADES Y SINERGIAS PARA LA ACCIÓN CLIMÁTICA: El desarrollo de capacidades puede mejorar el impacto del LU a través de habilidades que motiven la apropiación del proyecto por parte de la comunidad y los cambios en los estilos de vida y comportamientos. En particular, habilidades en comunicación transformadora pueden reforzar cambios sociales como un medio para facilitar la identificación de sinergias y el enriquecimiento mutuo entre las agendas climáticas y de justicia social.
Perfil de Laboratório Urbano do TUC: Naucalpan, México
Authors: Roll Michael , Romero Magallán Marisol , Ramírez Andrea , Guerra Flávia , Ramos-Galvez Alejandra , Sandholz Simone , Campos-Sánchez Mariana , Zubicaray Gorka , Pozos-Espinosa Óscar Jair , Villasís-Escobedo Andrea , Enríquez-Alcaraz Ana Iris
Published: May 2024

Depois de dois anos de operação, os desafios e as principais conquistas do Laboratório Urbano do TUC estabelecido em Naucalpan, no México, fornecem lições valiosas para sustentar atividades em andamento, acelerar transformações mais amplas e orientar esforços semelhantes em outros lugares: 1. RECONHECENDO OS DESAFIOS E BENEFÍCIOS DA FLUTUAÇÃO DE MEMBROS DO LU: Assumindo a existência de um grupo central de membros do LU, mudanças em sua composição são esperadas e frequentemente positivas. Tais mudanças podem inclusive ser planejadas assim que o LU iniciar uma nova fase, por exemplo, ao passar do planejamento para a implementação de ações concretas. Os facilitadores do LU devem apoiar a integração de novos membros para maximizar o benefício de suas novas perspectivas e contribuições para o trabalho em curso do LU. 2. ABORDANDO A REPRESENTAÇÃO LIMITADA DE MORADORES E DO SETOR PRIVADO: Os processos de participação necessitam de uma metodologia sólida e de pensamento criativo. Mesmo com a melhor das intenções e facilitação adequada, certos grupos ou setores são particularmente difíceis de envolver nos LUs. Isto pode acontecer porque alguns membros do LU expressam preocupações e veem riscos potenciais associados à participação de atores específicos, ou porque tais atores não percebem benefícios ou simplesmente não estão interessados em participar. No futuro, o LU de Naucalpan considerará abordagens e formatos alternativos, inovadores e localmente específicos para incentivar a participação e o engajamento significativo destas partes interessadas. 3. TRABALHANDO COM PERSPECTIVAS DIVERSAS PARA PROMOVER NOVAS REDES E CONFIANÇA MÚTUA: Ao proporcionar um ambiente para trocas e discussões construtivas de diversas perspectivas, conhecimentos, interesses e opiniões, a abordagem do LU promove novas redes, bem como a confiança mútua e coesão. Isto é particularmente evidente entre a sociedade civil e o governo num ambiente de “baixa confiança no governo”, e proporciona uma base sólida para a ação climática coletiva. 4. LIDANDO COM A PARTICIPAÇÃO E A DEPENDÊNCIA DE AUTORIDADES PÚBLICAS: Embora a participação e o apoio das autoridades governamentais sejam fundamentais para os LUs, tornar-se excessivamente dependente das mesmas é um risco para a neutralidade dos LUs, para discussões construtivas e para o seu potencial impacto transformador. Para uma boa operação e sustentabilidade dos LUs, e expansão de projetos experimentais, a participação e o apoio do governo devem, portanto, ser cuidadosamente equilibrados com os de outros setores.
POTENSI WISATA ALAM DESA WONGAYA GEDE
Authors: Ni Putu Sri Utami Putri  , I Wayan Wijayasa  , Ni Ketut Sutrisnawati  , Putu Bagus Wisnuwardhana
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi wisata yang ada di Desa Wongaya Gede. Penelitian ini mengunakan teknik analisa dekskriptif kualitatif dengan didukung data kualitatif berupa potensi alam dan budaya di desa Wongaya Gede. Data primer dalam penelitian adalah hasil observasi mengenai potensi di lokasi penelitian serta wawancara dengan beberapa narasumber. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi dengan mengamati secara langsung ke lokasi penelitian tentang potensi yang ada. Metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan 3 metode yaitu Wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Ada 5 potensi wisata yang ada di desa Wongaya Gede yang pertama Subak Piak, Subak Bengkel, Pura Batukaru, Air Terjun Pikat dan Pikat Adventure. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa didapati beberapa potensi alam yang bisa dikembangkan sebagai daya tarik objek wisata di Desa Wongaya Gede, Penebel, Tabanan. Peneliti memberi saran pengembangan potensi wisata perlu memperhatikan potensi sumber daya alam yang ada untuk dijadikan sebagai suatu destinasi harus melihatfasilitas yang disediakan selain itu sumber daya manusia sebagai pengelola nantinya perlu juga dipersiapkan dalam menunjang pengelolaan destinasi wisata.
Rezension von: Scholz, Dagmar H., Johannes Reuchlin
Authors: Kottmann Carsten , Scholz Dagmar H.
Published: May 2024

Dagmar H. Scholz: Johannes Reuchlin – Gelehrter im Strudel des Umbruchs J. S. Klotz Verlag Neulingen 2022. 64 Seiten. Hardcover 17,90 €. ISBN: 978-3-949763-03-8
Rezension von: Kaiser, Steffen, Vom regionalen zum globalen Markt
Authors: Back Nikolaus , Kaiser Steffen
Published: May 2024

Steffen Kaiser: Vom regionalen zum globalen Markt. Politische, gesellschaftliche und marktwirtschaftliche Wandlungen im württembergischen Agrarsektor 1848–1914 (Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für geschichtl. Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg. Reihe B, Band 230). Thorbecke Verlag Ostfildern 2022. 379 Seiten. Hardcover 35 €. ISBN 978-3-7995-9579-7
Rezension von: Beuckers, Klaus Gereon u.a. (Hrsg.), Die Sammlung Domnick
Authors: Ossowski Christina , Beuckers Klaus Gereon
Published: May 2024

Die Sammlung Domnick. Ihr Bestand und ihre Bedeutung für die Moderne nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg Hrsg. durch die Staatliche Schlösser und Gärten Baden-Württemberg und die Stiftung Domnick durch Klaus Gereon Beuckers und Charlott Hannig. Michael Imhof Verlag Petersberg 2023. 304 Seiten, 434 Abb., Hardcover 29,95 €. ISBN 978-3-7319-1370-2
Rezension von: Uhl, Michael, Betty Rosenfeld
Authors: Fülle Reinhold , Uhl Michael
Published: May 2024

Michael Uhl: Betty Rosenfeld: Zwischen Davidstern und roter Fahne. Schmetterling Verlag Stuttgart 2022, 672 Seiten, zahlr. Abbildungen, Hardcover 39,80 Euro. ISBN 978-3-89657-036-6
Rezension von: Konold, Werner u.a. (Hrsg.), Kohle – Öl – Torf
Authors: Waibel Raimund , Konold Werner
Published: May 2024

Werner Konold, Wolfgang Werner, R. Johanna Regnath (Hrsg.): Kohle – Öl – Torf. Zur Geschichte der Nutzung fossiler Energieträger (Veröffentlichungen des Alemannischen Instituts Freiburg i. Br. Nr. 89). Thorbecke Verlag Ostfildern 2022. 352 Seiten, 173 Abbildungen. Hardcover 34 €. ISBN 978-3-7995-1589-4
An Analysis Of The Impact Of Digital Marketing On Consumer Purchasing Behaviour
Authors: George Ms. Rinta , Manuel Dr. Joychen
Published: May 2024

Digital marketing refers to the promotion of products or services using digital technologies and platforms, primarily on the internet. It encompasses various online marketing tactics, strategies, and channels to connect with current and potential customers. The goal of digital marketing is to reach and engage with target audiences in a cost-effective and measurable way. The study used analytical style of research methodology to examine how digital marketing affects customer purchases. The study tries to find out the factors which affect online consumer purchase behaviour. Consumer purchase behaviour refers to the process individuals go through when making decisions about which products or services to buy. It involves several stages and is influenced by various factors, including psychological, social, cultural, and situational elements. Data collected is both primary and secondary. Primary data collection id done through questionnaire distributed among a sample size of 100 college students and working professionals from Kottayam district. The study tries to find out how perceived usefulness impact consumer buying behaviour and also the relationship between age and influence of advertisement media, gender and buying pattern.
Evaluation of the barriers to organizational learning in a port sector company
Authors: Luz Marlon Rodrigo da , Borba Marcelo Leandro de , Silva Denise Abatti Kasper
Published: May 2024

Competitive advantage is an essential factor for the development and longevity of businesses. It is associated with companies' ability to learn, manage their knowledge, and recognize and accurately interpret opportunities and barriers to learning processes. This work aimed to identify the barriers to organizational learning in a company in the port sector. For this, an instrument was used, such as an interview script composed of 27 questions, grouped by model learning process: Intuition, interpretation, integration and institutionalization (4I) and subgrouped by influencing factors, with semi-structured questions aimed at identifying the barriers to organizational learning present in the company. The results were analyzed based on the recordings of the interviewees' speeches. The main results showed 28 of the 80 barriers listed in the adopted model, highlighting those related to the intuition process, especially those with a personal action factor, revealing opportunities for improvement in actions and mechanisms to promote the creation of knowledge and the generation of innovative ideas.
Cultivating ornamental fish: an entrepreneurial action with sustainable development, sustainability and local development
Authors: Valente Rodrigues Mário Marcos , Nascimento Lúcio Fábio Cassiano , Arakaki Fernanda Franklin Seixas
Published: May 2024

In this bibliographical research, we analyzed the theoretical and functional aspects aimed at creating public policies that encourage solutions aimed at the cultivation and commercialization of ornamental fish based on local development, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals – SDGs. The article has the following structural architecture – introduction followed by the literature review, where the themes are addressed – local development, sustainable development and sustainability and entrepreneurship. The methodology that guided it has basic elements in the integrative review, with Scielo and Periódicos Capes databases whose analysis sought to inspect articles published in the period from 2007 to 2023. The results and discussions are presented based on the survey carried out, the texts that include the theme of this study on entrepreneurship and local and sustainable development, presented in the table with articles related to the topic addressed.
Cellular profile of the skin and ocular surface in healthy shih-tzu dogs
Authors: Bernardi Manzano Marcelo , Ripozatti Terra Ygor , Guimarães Santos Mylene , Carvalho Fernando Luana , Costa Venturini Guilherme , Linhares Sampaio Renato , Supranzetti de Rezende Rodrigo
Published: May 2024

Cytology involves analyzing individual cells and is crucial for diagnosing skin and ocular surface diseases. The skin acts as a barrier against various threats and communicates with the immune system via receptors. The conjunctiva also provides protection to the eyes. This study aimed to describe the cytological profiles of healthy Shih-Tzu dogs' skin and ocular surfaces, assessing how age impacts these profiles. Materials for cytological analysis were collected using a nylon microbrush and evaluated with the Schirmer test. Results showed lymphocytes were predominant in ocular cytology (RE - 47%, LE - 41.93%), while polymorphonuclear cells dominated in nasal fold (62%) and palmar pad cytologies (100%). Superficial cells were prevalent in all regions (RE 83.11%, LE 90.52%, palmar pads 100%, nasal fold 96.91%). Malassezia spp was detected in all areas. This research underscores the cellular variations across different anatomical sites and provides insights into normal cytological patterns in these dogs.
The main morbidities and mortality rates in bacterial meningitis
Authors: Aneli Maria Beatriz , Tavares Amadeu Luan , Vendramini Goyogi de Paula Julia Vitória , Pereira Souto Neto Lídio , Santos de Carvalho Lucas , Zumba Flores Samara , Cristina Cola Paula
Published: May 2024

Bacterial meningitis in children has high rates of unfavorable outcomes, i.e., neurological sequelae and mortality. The literature shows the clinical characteristics, the therapeutic approach, the results of MB and the factors related to them. Objective: The aim of this integrative review is to describe the main neurological sequelae and mortality rates in bacterial meningitis in children, as well as the clinical aspects that predict these outcomes. Methods: An integrative review was carried out involving 6 observational studies on bacterial meningitis in children aged from infants to 15 years, published in the last five years (period 2018-2023) and selected from the Portal Capes and PubMed databases. Result: Bacterial meningitis in children has high rates of unfavorable outcomes, i.e., neurological sequelae and mortality. The literature shows the clinical characteristics, the therapeutic approach, the results of MB and the factors related to them. Conclusion: Childhood bacterial meningitis is associated with high mortality rates and has motor deficits, cognitive impairment, visual impairment, hearing impairment and hydrocephalus as the main neurological sequelae. In addition, patients who manifest stage III TBM, staphylococcal, polymicrobial and pneumococcal etiologies, a post-neurosurgical environment, septicemia and septic shock, systemic factors and neurological problems may present unfavorable outcomes.
EdTech in Cambodia: A Rapid Scan
Authors: Thinley Sangay , Hayat Amal , Thang Sarah , Mazari Haani
Published: May 2024

An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Selection of summaries of some of the collaborative work during Open Science Retreat 2024, the Netherlands (#OSR24NL) & list of contributors of those participants who gave their ORCID for the contributor list
Authors: van 't Veer Anna
Published: May 2024

Artefacts/outputs from the 2nd edition of the Open Science Retreat (#OSR24NL), hosted from the 25th to the 29th of March, 2024 by the Dutch network of OSC’s (OSC-NL; www.osc-nl.com) . This took place in Schoorl, the Netherlands. During this week people from various disciplines came together to share knowledge, experiences, and best practices related to open science.

This module contains a selection of summaries of some of the collaborative work during Open Science Retreat 2024, and a list of contributors of those participants who gave their ORCID for the contributor list.
Análise do Impacto da Atividade Econômica (PIB) no Veículo Quilômetro Viajado (VKT): estudo de caso no Brasil
Authors: Sousa Luiz Afonso Penha de , Portugal Licinio da Silva , Silva Carlos Alexandre de Souza e
Published: May 2024

O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar a relação entre o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) e o Vehicle Kilometers Traveled (VKT) no Brasil, empregando técnicas de regressão linear para analisar os dados coletados entre os anos de 2000 e 2022. O VKT representa uma métrica cada vez mais utilizada para entender o comportamento da mobilidade, e sua relação com o PIB pode fornecer informações sobre a interação entre a economia e o uso de veículos. A pesquisa utilizou dados anuais de VKT e do PIB, realizando comparações e análises para identificar tendências e padrões ao longo do período estudado. Os resultados revelaram uma correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre o aumento do PIB e o crescimento do VKT. Esta relação aponta que políticas públicas destinadas a reduzir o VKT, como incentivos ao uso de transporte público e desenvolvimento de infraestruturas mais sustentáveis, podem ser implementadas sem prejudicar o crescimento econômico. Com base nos resultados, é possível estimar o aumento do uso de veículos em períodos de expansão econômica, facilitando o planejamento urbano e a gestão de recursos energéticos. A pesquisa também destaca a necessidade de se considerar as particularidades de países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil, nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano e políticas de transporte, tendo em vista a quantidade de estudos concentrados em países desenvolvidos. Por fim, sugere-se que estudos futuros explorem os efeitos de diferentes tipos de políticas públicas sobre o VKT e o PIB, contribuindo assim para uma abordagem mais ampla no planejamento do transporte urbano e na formulação de estratégias de desenvolvimento sustentável.
Ambiente, saúde e sistemas agroalimentares políticas públicas para o cumprimento do Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável nº 02 da Agenda-2030 da ONU
Authors: Santos Erivan José dos , Cunha Filho Moacyr , Farias Gleidson Alves de
Published: May 2024

No ano de 2015 foi apresentado ao mundo um “Pacto Global” o qual surgiu do consenso de 193 países que se reuniram em Nova Yorque com o propósito de elaborar os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável-ODS que viessem a ser prioridade para todos os envolvidos, de modo que um desses objetivos tem se mostrado fundamental para o desenvolvimento com mais equidade e justiça alimentar, além de buscar atenuar as mazelas que a desigualdade provoca, como a miséria e a falta de perspectivas para milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, trata-se do ODS nº 02 é o que representa maior sentido ao termo referente à dignidade da pessoa humana, vez que para se ter dignidade não é o bastante a sobrevivência, mas a existência digna como pessoa e como sujeito de direitos. O Brasil exerce importante papel nessa jornada mundial, pois, temos grande parte de nossas terras agriculturáveis e deveras propícias para o desenvolvimento de sistemas agroalimentares capazes de suprir a necessidade de nossa população, bem como de contribuir sobremaneira para debelar a forma em nações ao redor do planeta, assim, o presente artigo pretende alertar para a importância da concretização de ODS n° 02 da Agenda-2030 da Organização das Nações Unidas, O ODS 2 pretende acabar com todas as formas de fome e má nutrição até 2030, de modo a garantir que todas as pessoas - especialmente as crianças - tenham acesso suficiente a alimentos nutritivos durante todos os anos, o presente artigo está didaticamente distribuído tendo em seu bojo a introdução que visa preparar o leitor para a perfeita compreensão do objeto em deslinde; na sequência vem o desenvolvimento que tem por finalidade abordar de forma mais aprofundada ao cerne da questão aventada e, por fim, tem-se a conclusão como forma de enfeixar toda a discussão promovida neste ensaio, sem desprezar de forma alguma as diversas nuances, que, porventura, deixaram de ser abordadas por questões de ordem meramente práticas e limitadoras, pois, um trabalho de tamanha magnitude não se encerra num artigo por mais que se tenha envidado esforços para tratar da matéria trazida a lume.
Sette domande sui diritti delle minoranze di religione e convinzione e sulla loro misurazione
Authors: Ferrari Silvio
Published: May 2024

Seven questions on the rights of religious or belief minorities and how to measure them

ABSTRACT: This paper is the outcome of a research project titled "Atlas of religious or belief minority rights" (atlasminorityrights.eu) which is aimed at mapping and measuring the rights of religious or belief minorities in the EU countries. It discusses some fundamental issues about the legitimacy, opportunity and usefulness of protecting and promoting the rights of these minorities. This is a very sensitive issue that is being addressed in an innovative way. One question concerns the possibility of measuring, through quantitative analysis applied to the world of norms, the respect for and promotion of these rights to provide an objective basis for policies aimed at granting special rights to minorities.
SOMMARIO: 1. Rispetto e promozione dei diritti delle minoranze: qual è la differenza? 2. Diritti speciali per le minoranze? 3. Minoranze di religione e di convinzione: una identica tutela? 4. Queste minoranze richiedono una protezione specifica? 5. La nozione di minoranza è un "colonial construct" che non ha senso al di fuori del mondo occidentale? 6. È possibile misurare i diritti delle minoranze? 7. Qual è il rapporto tra minoranze, pluralismo e democrazia?
VISUAL OUTCOME FOLLOWING PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY IN POST-OPERATIVE ENDOPHTHALMITIS PATIENTS
Authors: KUNDI AK , SHAHNAM T , AHMAD OU , RAUF S
Published: May 2024

Postoperative endophthalmitis is a serious complication following ocular surgery that can lead to significant visual impairment. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is one of the treatment options for managing this condition, but its visual outcomes are not well-established. Objective: This study aimed to assess the visual outcome following pars plana vitrectomy in patients with postoperative endophthalmitis. Methods: This interventional study was conducted at the eye ward of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from September 2023 to February 2024. Forty patients with postoperative endophthalmitis underwent pars plana vitrectomy. Visual acuity was evaluated in the 12th week after the procedure. Results: Among the patients evaluated, 15% demonstrated a visual acuity improvement of 6/18 or higher, while 22.5% showed an improvement of 6/60 or better. Additionally, 35% of patients could count fingers, 17.5% had vision of hand movement, and 10% showed no increase in visual acuity. There was no significant relationship between age distribution and post-follow-up improvement in visual acuity. Conclusion: Pars plana vitrectomy in patients with postoperative endophthalmitis can lead to positive outcomes in terms of improved visual acuity.
New forest-environmental policies in rural areas included in Natural Network 2000: an application to the Iberian Atlantic Region
Authors: Soliño Millán M.
Published: May 2024

This paper presents an analysis of the agro-environmental measures applied in the Atlantic Region of Iberian Peninsula, taking as territorial reference mountainous rural spaces with forestry vocation that proposed to take part of the European Natural Network 2000. In order to do this evaluation, it has been done a Delphi analysis with a panel of experts composed by the presidents of different communities of communal ownership woodlands. The results of this analysis shows the opinion of the managers of the aforementioned natural spaces with relation to the quantity, duration and other aspects of the established aids in the examined agro-environmental programmes. One of the final conclusions are that the managers of these forests are disagree with duration and quantity of the aids. Therefore, their demands are not enclosed in the regional institutional framework. However, quantities demanded by managers for realizing several kind of forestry activities are f itted to European framework. Besides the analysis of the policies developed by the actual Common Agrarian Policy, it is analysed an hypothetical proposal of a new programme of conservation of autochthonous landscapes, what conforms a prevision exercise that, in the future, could be taken into account by the policy makers in the elaboration of the new management programmes of the mountainous rural spaces. In order to get that it is analysed how the quantities of the aids destined to promote this kind of actions are adapted to the social actor demands to whom are destined.
Owner’s preferences and government intervention: Monfragüe shire study case
Authors: Campos Palacín P. , Mariscal Lorente P.
Published: May 2024

The public have an increasing interest in Dehesa environmental services (recreation, option and existence values). The growing Government incentives on environmental friendly agricultural practices have given a new opportunity for private economics of natural and environmental resources in Dehesa. This work presents the results from a Delphi questionnaire on owners’ preferences and demands of compensations for undertaking environmental conservation and improvement measures in Dehesa of Monfragüe shire. The private owners of Dehesa are investors that have, at the same time, commercial aims and private environmental services autoconsumption preferences. A contingent valuation questionnaire has been applied to a group of Dehesa ’ owners to measure the maximum willingness to pay (WTP) —to accept losses— of commercial capital income against the maintenance of private environmental services autoconsumption. The Delphi results show that owners’attitude is in favour to follow the environmental friendly agricultural practices, when the Government incentives are higher than the losses of commercial capital income plus a risk premium. The value of owners’ autoconsumption measured by the WTP question from the contingent valuation gives an autoconsumption profitability rate from 1% to 5% of the total market value of the Dehesa.
Mechanical characterization of timber according to European standards from Spanish provenances of Scots Pine
Authors: Hermoso Prieto E. , Fernández-Golfín Seco J. I. , Díez Barra M. R.
Published: May 2024

The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the third most important species in Spain with an annual production of 800,000 m3 of roundwood with bark. This timber is usually used in Spain for structural and decorative purposes. In this work, a mechanical characterization of Scots pine timber from different Spanish provenances and several sizes ranging from 100 × 40 × 2,500 mm to 200 × 70 × 4,500 mm, is carried out. A total of 3,085 boards have been tested in accordance with EN 408, and their mechanical values have been obtained in accordance with EN 384 and EN 338 standards. According to the possible provenances of Scots pine timber in Spain, the samples were selected from regions that make up the three most important zones in terms of productivity (Central, Iberian and Pyrenean Systems). The material was graded in accordance with the Spanish visual strength grading standard UNE 56.544, which sets two grades: ME1 and ME2. The results showed that Spanish Scots pine grade ME1 can be assigned to strength class C27, and that ME2 graded material can also be assigned to C18. The relationships between the strength and the possible predictor variables (E m,g, E cen, ρ, RW) were also studied, concluding that neither the rate of growth nor the density are accurate predictors of bending strength.
Cooperative aproaches for genetic improvement and conservation of forest resources in Chile, Colombia and Costa Rica
Authors: Gutiérrez B. , Quintero P. , Nieto V. , Murillo O.
Published: May 2024

Having the purpose of develop strategies for the improvement and conservation of the forest genetic resources, relevant aspects of three Cooperatives implemented in Latin-American countries are described: First, the Chilean Cooperative of Forest Genetic Improvement, the entity that coordinates mainly the efforts of private companies using the two main species planted in that country: Pinus radiate D. Don and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Second, The Colombian Cooperative of Forest Genetic Improvement —COMFORE— that focus its activities in the improvement and conservation of the four native species: Tabebuia rosea Bertold DC., Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pavón) Oken, Alnus acuminata Kunth y Tectona grandis Linn F. with commercial purposes. This Cooperative involves both public and private institutions. Third, The Cooperative of Conservation and Genetic Improvement (GENFORES) managed by the Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. This Cooperative’s mission is the exploration, conservation and improvement of the forest genetic resources of Costa Rica. Its efforts includes one Program using species of low lands (< 1.000 m.o.s.l.) and another using species of higher lands (> 1.000 m.o.s.l.) such as teak (Tectona grandis Linn F) and melina (Gmelina arborea) including also another six native species of the Centro American region.
Genetic improvement and conservation of native forest resources in Chile
Authors: Gutiérrez B.
Published: May 2024

In Chile, the native forest resources have been historically exposed to degradation processes that have decreased their genetic variability and reduced their productive potential. Despite that, these forests represent a great opportunity to contribute to the needed diversif ication of the local forestry sector, which at the moment is based on the industrial use of moterrey pine (Pinus radiata) and eucalypts plantations, mainly E. globulus. To correct this situation, in the last years intense programs of genetic tree improvement have been implemented by the Chilean Forestry Institute (INFOR), to restore the genetic variability and to improve the productive capacity of the main species of these forests. Such programs take into account the conservational and productive features of the resource. In this article, the main causes of degradation of the Chilean natural forests and the most remarkable topics of the conservation and genetic improvement projects that the Chilean Forestry Institute (INFOR) executed for the species Nothofagus alpina, N. obliqua, N. pumilio, N. dombeyi and Laureliopsis sempervirens are discussed.
Ecology and management of Quercus coccifera L. shurblands in Spain
Authors: Cañellas I.
Published: May 2024

Evergreen sclerophyllous shrublands constitute an important part of Mediterranean rangelands, being the dominant species Kermes oak (Quercus coccifera L.). The conservation of these shrublands is justified by their protection of soils against erosion and by their foodder production for domestic and wild animals. The impact of fire in Quercus coccifera garrigues in the South-West of Spain was analysed through a synchronic study (indirect approach) evaluating the process of organization and structure of this community.
Structure and yield of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) stands in southern Spain
Authors: Montero G. , San Miguel A. , Alia R.
Published: May 2024

On a sample of 12 (1256 m2) square plots and 427 cork oak trees from southern Spanish cork oak stands, variables affecting cork yield and quality have been studied. Results presented in Table 1 show the variation of N (number of trees per ha.), HD (Bark Stripping Height), SD (Bark Stripping Area), PC (Cork Yield), PCM2 (Cork Weight per m2), CB (Cork Thickness), ID (Bark Stripping Intensity) and SPC (Crown Projection Area) with CBC (Circumference at Breast Height Under Cork). Results presented in Table 2 show average figures of the most important variables affecting cork yield and quality for each CBC class and for an average hectare. Cork yield can be precisely estimated through the expression: PC = BA x IDM x PCM2 where BA = Basal Area, IDM = Stand Average Stripping Intensity. PCM2 depends upon site quality and Bark Stripping Rotation Length, but BA and IDM can be modified with silvicultural treatments, thus affecting cork yield. On even-aged stands, PC can be estimated from BA through the expression: PC =124.25 + 433.53 BA for BA ranging frin 4,6 ti 25,37 m2/ha.
Elemental cycling in a Eucalyptus globulus plantation of SW Spain
Authors: Lopez Arias M.
Published: May 2024

Since 1980, uninterrupted research have been carried out in some Eucalyptus plantations in Huelva. The objectives of this work were to analyze the main features of the Soil-Tree-Atmosphere interaction in order to answer some salient questions about the hydrological regime and nutrient cycling. Some analysis of unpublished data, related to intrasystem cycling, are show here. Data refers to measurements of amounts, increments and fluxes of biomass and major elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) of the following compartments: - Overstory (Trees forming the main canopy) Including separated information on: Leaves, fruits and flowers, branches (bark and wood), bole (bark and wood), standing dead, etc. - Soil top organic. - Total roots. - Rooting zone. The analysis is aimed to describe and characterize: - Nutrient allocation in Eucalyptus - Above-graound nutrient return from vegetation. - Increment of biomass compartments. - Mass balance of the plantation nutrient cycle. - Atmospheric input of nutrient. - Annual elemental uptake, requirement and recycling interval.
CARDIN: a computer system for the simulation of wildland fire spread
Authors: Martinez Millan J. , Vignote S. , Martos J. , Caballero D.
Published: May 2024

CARDIN is a computer user-driven forest fire behavior simulation system based on digital geographic data, namely fuel distribution and topographical coverages, working on a PC computer. Other inputs belongs to general wind properties (intensity and direction), and fuel status (moisture and wind protection degree). It is allored to modify the parameters at any time user requests as the simulation progress. There is no limit about the number, size and shape of the initial focus points, and new ones can be added at any time within the simulation. CARDIN digital coverages are provided by its own digitizing system, DIGICAR. The calculus and fire spread fundamentals are much the same as used in BEHAVE system. Periodic reports about the perimeters, areas and shapes of burned surfaces, are provided automatically at user pre-set intervals of time. Graphics repreentations are fiven to evaluate the geographic situation and fire shape over 2D coverages, and visual impact of burned areas on a more realistic 3D images. Nowadays a simulation system for forest fire fighting is being developed, which includes a database with background fixed data points and the mobile fighting elements implied in the fire management. Future improvements of the system will include local wind areas and creek effect. This project is been supported by the "Area de Defensa contra Incendios Forestales", Instituto Nacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Madrid, España.
Short review of the forest insect pest in Argentina
Authors: Fiorentino D. C. , Diodato de Medina L.
Published: May 2024

A chronological analysis of the Argentinian insect pests affecting not only native but introduced tree species as well, is presented. The main pests were arranged in accordance with their economical consequences and allocated by taking into consideration their taxonomy (Order, Family and Species). The insect geographical distribution, host species and damages are also described. The families included are: Formicidae, Cerambicidae; Curculionidae, Platipodidae, Chrysomelidae, Tortricidae, Psichidae, Hemileucidae, Megalopygidae, Phycitidae, Pyralididae, Aphididae, Adelgidae and Cercopidae.
Betula alba L. near Cuéllar (Segovia)
Authors: Allue M. , Ruiz del Castillo J.
Published: May 2024

Several new records of Betula alba L. in the river Cega canyon -4 to 6 km SE from Cuéllar (Segovia)- are commented. The ecology and botanic features of the main birch community are also discussed
Induction of somatic embryogenesis in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)
Authors: Manzanera J. A.
Published: May 2024

Somatic embryogenesis of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) has been successfully attempted. Internodes and leave pieces from seedlings, mature and immature embryos, undeveloped ovules and ovular tissues were used as initial explants. Globular and heart-shaped somatic embryos were obtained on hypocotyls and cotyledons of immature zygotic embryos cultures on solid WPM supplemented with 0.44 μM and 0.05 μM NAA, or 4.44 μM BA, or from embryo-derived callus cultured in liquid medium supplemented with glutamine (3.42 μM) after induction with 4.52 μM 2,4-D. Abbreviations: BA = 6-benzyl adenine 2,4-D = 2,4 dicholorophenoxyacetic acid IBA = indole-3-butyric acid (Potassium salt) Kin = kinetin NAA = α-naphthaleneacetic acid 2iP = 2-isopentenyl adenine WPM = Woody Plant Medium
Dynamic of leaf decomposition in four forest ecosystems of the Sierra de Gata mountains (Province of Salamanca, Spain): Decomposition indices
Authors: Martin A. , Gallardo J. F. , Santa Regina I.
Published: May 2024

Data of dry matter, organic carbon and total nitrogen losses in decomposing oak leaves (Quercus pyrenaicaWilld.) obtained using the litter-bag procedure, showed that the dynamic of leaf decomposition has not significative relation with the different rainfall. Nevertheless, the C and N contents of the soils in the Sierra de Gata Mountains are in close relation with the annual rainfall of the site. Decomposition index obtained from the litter bag experimental procedure is lower than the actual rate of decomposicion.
Silvopastoral systems: photosyntethically active radiation incidence on forage plan phenology and seasonal production
Authors: Acciaresi H. A. , Marlats R. M. , Marquina J. L.
Published: May 2024

The evaluation of aerial biomass, phenology and seed production of the pastoral component of Populus deltoides (625 trees/ha), Populus deltoides (1100 trees/ha) and Salix sp. (1100 trees/ha), Populus deltoides (1100 trees/ha) and Salix sp. (1100 trees/ha) Silvopastoral Systems (SPS) and its asociation with the Photosyntethically Active Radiation (PAR) of the herbaceous layer was the objetive of the present paper. The PAR of the Populus deltoides (625 trees/ha) SSP was approximately between 6 p. 100 and 50 p. 100 of the control praire values, and the biomass production was between 9 p. 100 and 53 p. 100. There was a 15 days delay of the foraging especies cicle in the SSP. The seed productin was 67 p. 100 less in the Populus deltoides (1100 trees/ha) that in the control praire and 73 p. 100 less in the Populus deltoides (625 trees/ha). The PAR registered in the SSP influenced the foraging production (dry biomass and seeds) and produced pastoral phenologic delay. The quantity and quality of the sun radiation could act as the principal limiting factor of the ground pasture. The radicular system development was indirectly affected too; its absortion capacity and persistence as pastoral system component were modified. It is necessary the study of SSP in hedgerow configuration with N-S orientation
Analysis of ten tree-ring chronology ni the Iberian Mediterranean Area
Authors: Genova Fuster M. M. , Fernandez Cancio A. , Creus Novau J.
Published: May 2024

A detailed study of ten chronologies elaborated from tree-rings of Pinus nigra subsp. salzmanii (Dunal) Franco and Pinus sylvestris L. from the Spanish Sistema Central and Serranía de Cuenca is presented. The results have permitted the analysis of the oldest tree-rings in these areas, with longevity over 450 years. From the statistical values used we can conclude that five chronologies are adecuated samples of forest population; whereas four of them have a high common signal
Prescribed burning effects on infiltration rates in forest soils: a study site in coastal Northern California
Authors: Molina Terren D. M.
Published: May 2024

Infiltration rates were measured with large diameter ring infiltrometers in both burned and unburned conditions in Pinus muricata D. Don stands north-west of Santa Rosa, California. Prescribed burning conditions of low fireline intensity (less than 60 kw/m) removed 51 to 121 mm of litter and duff. In the first site, the infiltration rates ranged from 1.17 to 1.34 * 10-4 m/s, and it seemed that no changes followed by the controlled burns of low fireline intensity and low fuel consumption. In the second site, infiltration rates were higher than 1.75 * 10-4 m/s for both control and burned conditions without being able to detect possible differences.