bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic Signatures in Colorectal Cancer Progression
Authors: Ershov Pavel , Poyarkov Stanislav , Konstantinova Yulia , Veselovsky Egor , Makarova Anna
Published: April 2022

Aims:

Due to a large number of identified hub-genes encoding key molecular
regulators, which are involved in signal transduction and metabolic pathways in cancers,
it is relevant to systemize and update these findings.

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the
world, with high metastatic potential. Elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms and
selection of novel biomarkers in CRC is of great clinical significance.

Objective:

This analytical review aims at systematization of bioinformatics and experimental identification of hub-genes, associated with CRC, for a more consolidated understanding of common features in networks and pathways in CRC progression as well as hub-genes selection.

Results:

This analytical review aims at the systematization of bioinformatics and
experimental identification of hub-genes associated with CRC for a more consolidated
understanding of common features in networks and pathways in CRC progression as
well as hub-genes selection.

Conclusion:

Results obtained are of useful fundamental information on revealing the
mechanism of pathogenicity, cellular target selection for optimization of therapeutic
interventions, as well as transcriptomics prognostic and predictive biomarkers
development.
Computational Design of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Drug
Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Chawla Pooja A. , Singh Gurpreet , Faruk Abdul , Chawla Viney , Kaur Anmoldeep
Published: April 2022

Background:

Nowadays, biomedical research has been focusing on the design and development
of new drug delivery systems that provide efficient drug targeting. The molecularly imprinted
polymers (MIPs) have attracted wide interest and play an indispensable role as a drug carrier. Drug
delivery systems based on MIPs have been frequently cited in the literature. They are cross-linked
polymers that contain binding sites according to the complementary structure of the template molecules.
They possess distinctive features of structure predictability and site recognition specificity. Versatile
applications of MIPs include purification, biosensing, bioseparation, artificial antibodies, and
drug delivery. An ideal MIPs should include features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and
stability.

Objective:

In this article, we elaborate on the historic growth, synthesis, and preparation of different
MIPs and present an updated summary of recent advances in the development of new drug delivery
systems which are based on this technique. Their potential to deliver drugs in a controlled and targeted
manner will also be discussed.

Conclusion:

MIPs possess unique advantages, such as lower toxicity, fewer side effects, and good
therapeutic potential. They offer administration of drugs by different routes, i.e., oral, ocular or transdermal.
Despite several advantages, biomedical companies are hesitant to invest in MIPs based drug
delivery systems due to the limited availability of chemical compounds.
Rating the Quality of Smartphone Apps Related to Shoulder Pain: Systematic Search and Evaluation Using the Mobile App Rating Scale
Authors: Agnew Jonathon M R , Nugent Chris , Hanratty Catherine E , Martin Elizabeth , Kerr Daniel P , McVeigh Joseph G
Published: April 2022

Background

The successful rehabilitation of musculoskeletal pain requires more than medical input alone. Conservative treatment, including physiotherapy and exercise therapy, can be an effective way of decreasing pain associated with musculoskeletal pain. However, face-to-face appointments are currently not feasible. New mobile technologies, such as mobile health technologies in the form of an app for smartphones, can be a solution to this problem. In many cases, these apps are not backed by scientific literature. Therefore, it is important that they are reviewed and quality assessed.

Objective

The aim is to evaluate and measure the quality of apps related to shoulder pain by using the Mobile App Rating Scale.

Methods

This study included 25 free and paid apps—8 from the Apple Store and 17 from the Google Play Store. A total of 5 reviewers were involved in the evaluation process. A descriptive analysis of the Mobile App Rating Scale results provided a general overview of the quality of the apps.

Results

Overall, app quality was generally low, with an average star rating of 1.97 out of 5. The best scores were in the “Functionality” and “Aesthetics” sections, and apps were scored poorer in the “Engagement” and “Information” sections. The apps were also rated poorly in the “Subjective Quality” section.

Conclusions

In general, the apps were well built technically and were aesthetically pleasing. However, the apps failed to provide quality information to users, which resulted in a lack of engagement. Most of the apps were not backed by scientific literature (24/25, 96%), and those that contained scientific references were vastly out-of-date. Future apps would need to address these concerns while taking simple measures to ensure quality control.
Impact of Visual Game-Like Features on Cognitive Performance in a Virtual Reality Working Memory Task: Within-Subjects Experiment
Authors: Redlinger Eric , Glas Bernhard , Rong Yang
Published: April 2022

Background

Although the pursuit of improved cognitive function through working memory training has been the subject of decades of research, the recent growth in commercial adaptations of classic working memory tasks in the form of gamified apps warrants additional scrutiny. In particular, the emergence of virtual reality as a platform for cognitive training presents opportunities for the use of novel visual features.

Objective

This study aimed to add to the body of knowledge regarding the use of game-like visual design elements by specifically examining the application of two particular visual features common to virtual reality environments: immersive, colorful backgrounds and the use of 3D depth. In addition, electroencephalography (EEG) data were collected to identify potential neural correlates of any observed changes in performance.

Methods

A simple visual working memory task was presented to participants in several game-like adaptations, including the use of colorful, immersive backgrounds and 3D depth. The impact of each adaptation was separately assessed using both EEG and performance assessment outcomes and compared with an unmodified version of the task.

Results

Results suggest that although accuracy and reaction time may be slightly affected by the introduction of such game elements, the effects were small and not statistically significant. Changes in EEG power, particularly in the beta and theta rhythms, were significant but failed to correlate with any corresponding changes in performance. Therefore, they may only reflect cognitive changes at the perceptual level.

Conclusions

Overall, the data suggest that the addition of these specific visual features to simple cognitive tasks does not appear to significantly affect performance or task-dependent cognitive load.
A Text Messaging Intervention to Support Latinx Family Caregivers of Individuals With Dementia (CuidaTEXT): Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Perales-Puchalt Jaime , Acosta-Rullán Mariola , Ramírez-Mantilla Mariana , Espinoza-Kissell Paul , Vidoni Eric , Niedens Michelle , Ellerbeck Edward , Hinton Ladson , Loera Linda , Ramírez A Susana , Lara Esther , Watts Amber , Williams Kristine , Resendez Jason , Burns Jeffrey
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Latinx family caregivers of individuals with dementia face many barriers to caregiver support access. Interventions to alleviate these barriers are urgently needed.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the development of CuidaTEXT, a tailored SMS text messaging intervention to support Latinx family caregivers of individuals with dementia.

METHODS

CuidaTEXT is informed by the stress process framework and social cognitive theory. We developed and refined CuidaTEXT using a mixed methods approach that included thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. We followed 6 user-centered design stages, namely, the selection of design principles, software vendor collaboration, evidence-based foundation, caregiver and research and clinical advisory board guidance, sketching and prototyping, and usability testing of the prototype of CuidaTEXT among 5 Latinx caregivers.

RESULTS

CuidaTEXT is a bilingual 6-month-long SMS text messaging–based intervention tailored to caregiver needs that includes 1-3 daily automatic messages (n=244) about logistics, dementia education, self-care, social support, end of life, care of the person with dementia, behavioral symptoms, and problem-solving strategies; 783 keyword-driven text messages for further help with the aforementioned topics; live chat interaction with a coach for further help; and a 19-page reference booklet summarizing the purpose and functions of the intervention. The 5 Latinx caregivers who used the prototype of CuidaTEXT scored an average of 97 out of 100 on the System Usability Scale.

CONCLUSIONS

CuidaTEXT’s prototype demonstrated high usability among Latinx caregivers. CuidaTEXT’s feasibility is ready to be tested.
Machine Learning Prediction of Stroke Occurrence: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Lolak Sermkiat , Supplasilp Chaiyawat , Poprom Napaphat , Sapankaew Tunlanut , Yin Myat Su , Thammasudjarit Ratchainant , McKay Gareth J. , Haddawy Peter , Attia John , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Machine learning is nowadays commonly used for disease prediction, including cardiovascular disease. There is growing evidence of the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms for stroke risk prediction models.

OBJECTIVE

A systematic review was conducted to identify and comprehensively evaluate the available evidence.

METHODS

Relevant studies were identified from the three electronic databases (i) MEDLINE via Pubmed, (ii) Scopus, and (iii) IEEE Xplore from inception to 1st December 2020. Out of 12,626 studies identified, 40 used machine learning for ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke risk prediction models.

RESULTS

Synthesis without meta-analysis identified that a boosting algorithm (median C-statistics = 0.9 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.88-0.92)), and neural network (median C-statistic = 0.80 (IQR: 0.79-0.86)) performed best among ML models in the low risk of bias studies. Conversely, the support vector machine performed best in overall (both low and high risk of bias) studies (median C-statistic = 0.89 (IQR: 0.81-0.97)).

CONCLUSIONS

The systematic review found promising results of the ML algorithm model performances compare with the gold standard conventional models, such as FSRP (C-statistic 0.653) and revised FSRP (C-statistic 0.716). In term of the algorithm, boosting and neural networks are robust, but are considered as black-box models, since they are composed of non-linearity and complex algorithms. It remains questionable whether a physician would adapt these algorithms to use in a real clinical setting. Moreover, less than half of the studies (16 out of 40) were at low risk of bias in our systematic review. More researches with good methodology and study design, alongside explainable and good performance models, may become available in the future.

CLINICALTRIAL

The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (ID: CRD42021234081).
Augmented analysis for yield performance and agronomic characteristics of upland rice lines grown under coconut plantation
Authors: Lestari Angelita Puji , Hairmansis Aris , Hermanasari Rini , Yullianida Yullianida , Suwarno Suwarno
Published: April 2022

Establishment of shade-tolerant rice varieties aims to utilize the dry land under tree stands. A field experiment on rice yield under coconut plantation was conducted at farmer field in Calincing Tegalbuleud Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. The experiment involved 307 upland promising lines, 42 of which were selected in comparison to four check varieties, namely Jatiluhur, Batutugi, Limboto and Situpatenggang. The experiment was conducted according to augmented design with four replications. The analysis of variance indicated significant difference in yield per ha between blocks and no significant differences in days to flowering, plant height and number of productive tiller between blocks. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed in plant height and number of productive tillers between all check varieties. Under shade of coconut plantation, some lines could perform better and had higher performance than check varieties. Four lines ofB11957SR* 232182SI2MR2PN21, B12743MR18232PN1111, B13498D9, and B12743MR18235PN1031 had significantly higher yield compared to the check variety with the highest yield, which is Limboto. The utperforming lines can be proposed as promising rice lines for shading tolerance. However, most of the lines were proved to be underperforming for yield and its components in prevailing conditions.
Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Cangkang Kapsul dari Pati Kulit Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) dan Madu sebagai Plasticizer
Authors: Lestari Indah Tri , Atmadi Putri Andi Asma , Fajriah Fauzia Nurul , Awaluddin Rizki , Rahma Aulia
Published: April 2022

Cangkang kapsul komersial umumnya terbuat dari bahan gelatin, tetapi juga dapat dibuat dari pati. Salah satu sumber pati terdapat pada kulit kentang (Solanum tuberosum L). Pengembangan cangkang kapsul keras dari bahan alam sedang menjadi trend saat ini, namun cangkang kapsul keras dari bahan baku pati mudah rapuh tanpa plasticizer. Madu dapat digunakan sebagai plasticizer untuk meningkatkan elastisitas kapsul agar tidak mudah pecah atau rapuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh penambahan pati kulit kentang dengan berbagai konsentrasi terhadap karakteristik fisik cangkang kapsul keras dan pengaruh madu sebagai plasticizer pengganti gliserol. Cangkang kapsul keras dibuat dengan penambahan pati dengan berbagai konsentrasi 0% (FI), 2% (FII), 4% (FIII), 6% (FIV), 8% (FV) dengan penambahan madu 2,5%, Karagenan 2 %, sukrosa 2,5% dan aquadest ditambahkan 100%. Cangkang kapsul keras dibuat secara manual dengan cara mencelupkan cetakan ke dalam larutan masing-masing formula kemudian di oven. Karakteristik fisik cangkang kapsul keras dievaluasi dan dibandingkan dengan cangkang kapsul keras komersial nomor 0 (nol). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa FII merupakan formula terbaik dan memenuhi standar karakteristik fisik cangkang kapsul keras.
Voice for the Oppressed: A Comparative Study of the Poetry of Kazi Nazrul Islam and Faiz Ahmed Faiz
Authors: Rahmatullah Mohammad , Gupta Dr. Tanu
Published: April 2022

Subalterns, the palpable fuel of society’s power structure, are always marginalized by the tormentors from the corridors of power. The oppressors use their life force to make them oppressed. One of the main tasks of literature is to reveal the truth of society. Kazi Nazrul Islam and Faiz Ahmed Faiz, two prominent revolutionary poets in the Indian subcontinent, spoke on behalf of the masses but in two different languages (Bengali and Urdu). Their poems still carry considerable importance in the context of contemporaneity. The exploitation of the power-centric society and resistance of the subaltern have come alive through their poetry. The poets undertaken for the present research consistently speak out against ethnic violence and political exploitation in their verses. The words for the wretched are always uttered in their voice. They have portrayed the misery of the marginalized people and suggested the way of achieving true freedom. Their poems transcend their time because of the universality of their contents and themes. Their poems intrinsically support subaltern studies worldwide. This study aims to compare Kazi Nazrul Islam and Faiz Ahmed Faiz on the grounds of their concerns for the subaltern and their resistance infusing with three theoretical concepts, subaltern, power, theory of resistance. The study will further focus on how the two poets with their similarities have depicted the marginalized voice of the subalterns.
Characterization of Nano Clay Modified Asphalt Cement
Authors: Qarni Awais Ahmad , Hafeez Imran
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In order to enhance the service life of flexible pavements, asphalt binder must be modified. The aim of this research is to compare the physical and mechanical properties of virgin and Nano clay modified asphalt cement. These properties include viscosity values and rutting resistance. Nano clay were incorporated in asphalt binder in various percentages ranging from 3%, 3.5% to 5% of the asphalt weight. The viscosity (Cst) and rutting resistance of the modified asphalt binders were evaluated and compared to an unaltered binder. The addition of Nano clay as a modifier improved the asphalt's properties. The results of the study revealed an increase in viscosity and decrease in binder penetration. Consequently, the viscosity and rutting resistance of the modified asphalts increase with the increase in Nano clay content. While the viscosity and rutting resistance values decrease when the modifier content is increased to 5%. Hence the best improvements in the modified asphalt binders were obtained with 4.5% Nano clay content. Keywords: Organo philic clay, asphalt cement, Hamburg wheel tracker (HWTT), rutting, viscosity, rotational viscometer (RV).
Home Automation using IoT
Authors: Kalwar Anjali , Sinha Yashika , Samanta Payal
Published: April 2022

Abstract: This paper aims to present a home automation system based on IoT using the ESP8266 built-in Node MCU. IoT and Wireless systems have a rising peak in the contribution of automating our daily life devices and stepping towards a better and more comfortable future. This project describes details of the utilization of this technology to automate home appliances. Hence for the purpose, NodeMCU (ESP8266) microcontroller is utilized with the Relays to control the switching of appliances remotely from the server. Keywords: Node MCU, Relays, Motor Drivers, Server, Home Automation, Electronic appliances.
Modify Design of Flexible Pavement to Enhance Its Strength for Indian Road Conditions
Authors: Kharat Rutuja R , Gawande Mayuri G , Thorat Sourav A , Sodnawar Prajwal R , Suryawanshi Shrinivas
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Now a days, disposal of plastic waste has became issue of great concern for environmental engineers due its non biodegradable characteristics and health hazard. The reasons due to which bitumen is mostly used as a binding material are its excellent binding characteristics, waterproofing properties and low cost as compared to other binders. Due to the critical shortage of natural aggregate, the availability of demolished concrete for use as recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is increasing. The application of recycled aggregate has been started in many countries for construction projects. Recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) obtained from crushed concrete rubble, instead of being stored, can be reused in building industry. The main aim of this project is to add various types of disposal plastic to modify design for enhance road strength. Keywords: Flexible Pavement, Marshal Stability, Plastic Waste, Bitumen, Aggregate, Plastic-bitumen-aggregate mix.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Di Provinsi Jawa Timur Pada Tahun 2000-2019
Authors: Rahmah Devi Fadhilatur , Wahyu Hidayat Riyanto
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the open unemployment rate in the province of East Java which is measured using multiple linear regression using the SPSS application. The type of data used in this study is secondary data, namely data in the form of time series data including open unemployment, inflation, provincial minimum wages and economic growth. The data in this study were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency for East Java and the Central Indonesian Statistics Agency. The analytical method used in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that the inflation variable and the rate of economic growth have an effect on the open unemployment variable. Meanwhile, the Provincial Minimum Wage variable has no significant effect on the open unemployment variable.
Determination of RGB and Grayscale Value On Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) Images Using MATLAB
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Ansori , Winata Haikal Nando , Nasution Fadlin Qisthi , Lydiasari Henny , Pasaribu Rivaldy Yustianto , Nasution Arjanggi , Wulandari Ayu
Published: April 2022

The Color and appearance are the most important indicators for a farmer to determine the condition of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) in the harvesting process. As the main attributes, the color and appearance become the guidelines for the initial assessment of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm condition that is suitable or not for harvesting. In Facts, the FFB assessment activities are still carried out manually by utilizing the farmers visual, which is it will be prone to errors during the assessment. Due to this problem, it is important to automate the assessment of the color characteristics of oil palm FFB in order to minimize errors by farmers. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of RGB color imaging techniques on oil palm FFB. The method used is processing and color analysis on 30 FFB images based on smartphone cameras to find the correlations for each color. Each color channel R, G and B in the FFB images was extracted and converted into grayscale using MATLAB R2021 software. The results show that the correlation value of R channel and grayscale has the highest value with R2 = 0.9569. This correlation is expected to be an initial study and suitable alternative for automating the assessment of the condition of oil palm FFB.
Teknik Estimasi Transpirasi Tanaman Kelapa Sawit dengan Metode Heat Ratio
Authors: Pradiko Iput , Darlan Nuzul Hijri , Ginting Eko Noviandi , Syarovy Muhdan
Published: April 2022

Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan kebutuhan air tanaman adalah dengan menghitung transpirasi tanaman. Metode Heat Ratio Method (HRM) adalah metode yang dapat mengukur transpirasi langsung di lapangan dengan mengukur laju aliran sap di dalam tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengestimasikan kebutuhan air tanaman kelapa sawit berdasarkan pengukuran transpirasi tanaman kelapa sawit dengan HRM. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanaman kelapa sawit umur 5 tahun yang memiliki 48 pelepah di Medan, Sumatera Utara. Sebanyak 6 alat Sap Flow Meter dipasang pada pelepah no. 1, 9, 17, 25, 33, dan 41. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju aliran sap pada tiga pelepah teratas (no. 1, 9, dan 17) lebih tinggi dibandingkan tiga pelepah di bawahnya. Lebih lanjut, transpirasi tertinggi terjadi pada pelepah no. 1 yaitu sebesar 0,890 liter/hari, sedangkan transpirasi terendah teramati pada pelepah no. 41 yaitu 0,510 liter/hari. Laju transpirasi semakin menurun pada pelepah yang lebih bawah posisinya. Rerata transpirasi harian adalah sebesar 31,933 liter/hari/tanaman atau setara dengan 0,457 mm/hari/tanaman, dengan asumsi bahwa masing-masing pelepah yang dijadikan sampel mewakili pelepah pada tingkatan pelepah yang sama.
COVID prolongado
Authors: López M. Eduardo
Published: April 2022

Existen múltiples reportes de manifestaciones persistentes en pacientes que cursaron infecciones por SARS-CoV-2, independiente de su gravedad, configurando el síndrome de COVID-19 prolongado. No existe una definición consensuada de este síndrome, cuya patogenia pareciera ser multifactorial. Considerando las más de 500 millones de infecciones en todo el mundo, este síndrome pudiese incidir en una insospechada y prolongada carga sobre los sistemas sanitarios. Reportes recientes han asociado a la vacunación con esquema primario completo como una asociación protectora para el desarrollo de COVID-19 prolongado, transformándose en otro beneficio poblacional asociado a las vacunas.
Türkiye’de Çift Kabuklu Yumuşakçalarda Betanodavirus Varlığının Araştırılması
Authors: Kaplan Murat , Pekmez Kemal , Çağırgan Abdurrahman Anıl , Özkan Buket , Arslan Fatih , Kafa Bülent , Kalaycı Gülnur
Published: April 2022

Özet: Viral nervöz nekrozis (VNN), özellikle larva ve yavru deniz balıklarında, bazen de yetişkinlerde görülen önemli viral bir hastalıktır. Akdeniz’de artık levreklerde endemik olarak kabul edilen ve sık sık salgınlara neden olan betanodavirusların RGNNV genotipinin yanısıra, son birkaç yılda çipuralarda da salgınlar daha sık bildirilmeye başlanmış ve RGNNV/SJNNV genotipi izole edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı resmi otoriteden onaylı doğal yataklarda yetiştirilen akivades (Ruditapes decussatus) ve kara midye (Mytilus galloprovincialis) istasyonlarında VNN etkeni betanodavirus varlığının araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada 2016-2020 yılları arasında beş adet akivades, sekiz adet kara midye istasyonundan toplam 50 örnekleme yapılmıştır. Akivades örneklemesi Ağustos aylarında, kara midye örneklemesi ise Eylül aylarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her örneklemede her istasyondan 30 adet örnek alınmıştır ve her biri beş örnekten oluşmak üzere toplam 300 adet havuz oluşturulmuştur. Çift kabuklu yumuşakçaların hepatopankreaslarından hazırlanan örnekler, Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase Polimerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) testi ile betanodavirus yönünden araştırılmıştır. RT-qPCR testleri sonucunda hem akivades örneklerinde hem kara midye örneklerinde betanodavirus nükleik asidi tespit edilmemiştir. Türkiye’de çift kabuklu yumuşakçalarda betanodavirus varlığı ilk defa bu çalışma ile araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma ile sadece doğal yataklarda bulunan midye ve akivadeslerde araştırma yapılmıştır, ancak, virüsün daha çok endemik olduğu Güney Ege ve Akdeniz bölgelerinde resmi onaylı akivades veya kara midye istasyonu bulunmadığından bu bölgelerde örnekleme yapılmamıştır. Kabuklularda betanodavirus epidemiyolojisini daha iyi anlamak için bu bölgeleri de içeren daha ileri ve genişletilmiş çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Vocal Fold Leukoplakia: Updates in Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Ji Jeong-Yeon , Kwon Tack-Kyun
Published: April 2022

Vocal fold leukoplakia poses a challenge to otolaryngologists due to its various spectrum of pathologic diagnosis. The degree of dysplasia is associated with malignancy risk and the new 2017 WHO classification system changed from the 3-tier system to a 2-tier system consisting of low and high grades. Infections including candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and tuberculosis should also be included in the differential diagnosis. Efforts have been made to evaluate risks using endoscopic technologies such as narrow band imaging, and surgery is essential for histopathological diagnosis. Regarding management, it is important to make an accurate diagnosis and find a balance between oncologic safety and functional outcome.
The Benefit of Supplemental Cough Suppression Therapy for Chronic Refractory Cough
Authors: Yoo Yong Jun , Park Hye Jin , Han Myung Woul , Kim Ji Won
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives Cough suppression therapy (CST) is a physiotherapy that can be used for patients with chronic refractory cough (CRC). We aimed to investigate the efficacy of CST for CRC.Materials and Method A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in 27 patients with CRC. Participants were randomized to receive either standard mucolytic medications for CRC combined with supplemental CST (CST group) or standard medications alone (control group). CST consists of laryngeal hygiene management, humidification, cough suppression technique, breathing method, and counseling. We assessed the symptoms change at baseline and week 4 with the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). Secondary efficacy outcomes included the degree of cough Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score (0 to 100 scale).Results From 2019 to 2021, 14 CST group patients and 13 control group patients were included. The improvement was significantly greater in the CST group than in the control group for cough VAS score (36.67 to 13.33 vs. 74.29 to 16.43, p<0.001). Patients in the CST group had a significant improvement in total (70.14 to 107.71, p=0.005), physical (31.42 to 43.86, p= 0.015), psychological (23.57 to 40.14, p=0.003), and social (15.14 to 23.71, p=0.005) LCQ scores. However, there was not a significant pre- to post-treatment LCQ score improvement in control group.Conclusion CST might be an effective supplemental intervention for CRC.
Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitors, Mucolytics and Steroids on Voice Outcomes After Laryngomicrosurgery
Authors: Choi Yeon Soo , Kim Ji Won
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), mucolytics, and steroids were commonly recommended after phonomicrosurgery to prevent worsening of vocal fold (VF) scar formation and subglottal swelling. However, there is no consensus about whether laryngeal reflux and thick discharge are associated with the voice outcomes following phonomicrosurgery in benign VF lesions. The purpose of this study is to examine voice outcomes of use of PPIs, mucolytics,and steroids after phonomicrosurgery.Materials and Method This randomized controlled study is performed with patients undergoing laryngomicroscopic surgery for VF polyp and cyst. Participants were randomly assigned to 1) no medication, 2) PPIs, 3) PPIs+mucolytics, and 4) PPIs+mucolytics+steroids for 2 months postoperatively. Grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain (GRBAS) scale, stroboscopic examination, aerodynamic assessment, acoustic analysis, and Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) were performed pre- and post-operatively at 2 months. Parameters were compared among four groups.Results Among 85 patients, a total of 50 patients were included. The VHI-10, perceptual and acoustic parameters improved in all groups after surgery. However, there was no significant difference in those parameters among all groups.Conclusion PPIs, mucolytics, and steroids did not significantly influence voice outcomes after phonomicrosurgery in patients with benign VF lesions.
A case of crusted scabies in an immunocompetent infant.
Authors: Mami Salima , Bacha Takwa , Gara Soumaya , Litaiem Noureddine , jones meriem , Zeglaoui Faten
Published: April 2022

This clinical image presents a rare variant of scabies occurring in an
infant with specific clinical presentation that can mislead diagnosis.
Clinicians should be aware of such infection to avoid complications.
Integrated ecological rice farming regulation of soil phosphorus fraction conversion and effectiveness through organic carbon and phosphatase activity
Authors: Wang Chao , Yang Qiannan , Zhang Chi , Li Xiangdong , Chen Jing , Zhang Xiaolong , Chen Jinjie , Liu Kexue
Published: April 2022

Objective of investigation: Integrated ecological farming
combines rice growth and aquaculture, and is an effective way to improve
soil productivity by increasing soil nutrient supply and reducing
agricultural non-point source pollution. We investigated the impacts of
cultivation patterns, including integrated ecological farming (IEF),
rice and vegetable rotation pattern (RVP), and conventional rice
cropping pattern (CRP), on the characteristics of soil phosphorus in the
Pearl River Delta (PRD). Experimental material: The study area
was located in Zengcheng District, Guangzhou City, China. Method
of investigation: Tiessen’s classification was used to analyze soil
phosphorus fraction contents and its availability. Data
collection: Following rice harvesting, topsoil (0–10 cm) and subsoil
(10–20 cm) were collected from each field via an S-shaped 5-point
sampling method, and the collected samples were mixed into a single
sample. Result and conclusions: SOC and phosphorus fractions
were significantly influenced by cultivation patterns; IEF significantly
increased SOC and phosphorus in the soil. Soil phosphorus was dominated
by moderately labile P (40.67–49.41%). IEF also significantly
increased soil microbial biomass carbon, phosphorus, and acid
phosphatase (ACP) by 67.68, 46.68, and 15.87% compared to RVP, and by
134.14, 65.99, and 30.20% compared to CRP, respectively. SOC and ACP
were the primary factors influencing the conversion and effectiveness of
soil phosphorus. The integrated ecological cropping pattern can
alleviate low phosphorus activity in PRD paddy soils while promoting a
sustainable soil nutrient cycle within the ecosystem and guiding the
sustainable development of rational soil fertilization in the region.
In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils and Oleoresins of Cinnamon, Clove, Ginger and their synergistic interactions
Authors: Sethunga Maheshika , Ranaweera KKDS , Munaweera Imalka , Gunathilake K. D. Prasanna
Published: April 2022

Essential oils (EOs) and Oleoresins (ORs) are well distinguished for
their antioxidant properties and they can be broadly used in the food
industry as preservatives. The present study was executed for evaluating
the synergistic interactions on antioxidant efficacy of EOs and ORs of
Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Syzygium aromaticum, Zingiber officinale and
their combinations. EO and ORs were obtained by hydro-distillation and
solvent extraction and the main components of ORs and EO were also
analyzed using HPLC and GCMS respectively. In-vitro antioxidant
properties were investigated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay,
Total Antioxidant Activity (TAC) by phosphomolybdenum method and ABTS
radical scavenging activity assay. EOs and ORs which consisted with
different chemical constituents and different Total Phenolic Content
(TPC) and Total Flavanoid Content (TFC) exhibited a range of variation
in the inhibition percentage of DPPH and IC50 values (0.1645-6.5181
mg/mL). The TAC of EOs and ORs was within the range of 0.27-3.94 mg
AAE/mg. The oleoresins showed higher inhibition percentages and TAC
compared to EOs of same spice. This study revealed that clove bud
contains higher antioxidant properties than cinnamon and ginger.
Significant reductions in IC50 values were shown in EO blends compared
to the oleoresin blends. The combination of cinnamon EO/clove bud EO and
combination cinnamon EO/ginger EO showed strong synergy in tested
samples. Therefore, both EOs and ORs of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Syzygium
aromaticum, Zingiber officinale and their blends are excellent sources
for natural and effective natural antioxidant agents in the food
industry.
Fast Measurement of Solubility and Diffusivity of Gases in Ionic Liquids by a Tube-in-tube Reactor
Authors: Ai Ni , Huang Xiaoting , Zhou Caijin , Lou Fengyan , Wang Qining , Zhang Jisong , Ren Jie
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the solubility and diffusivity of CO2/C2H4 in ionic
liquids ([Emmim][Tf2N], [Pmmim][Tf2N],
[Bmmim][Tf2N], [Hmmim][Tf2N]) are measured at the
temperature range of 303-333 K with a tube-in-tube reactor. The new
device can greatly decrease the measurement time to several minutes in
the tube-in-tube reactor. The solubility data is determined by the
steady-state method with less than 10% deviation compared with previous
reports. The diffusivity data is measured by an unsteady-state method
within 3 min. The diffusion coefficient of CO2 in ionic liquids can be
predicted with Morgan’s diffusivity correlation equation. For the
diffusivity of C2H4 in ionic liquids, an empirical formula is developed
and the predicted values using this correlation agree well with measured
values with less than 17% deviation. The measured solubility and
diffusivity data of CO2/C2H4 in ionic liquids and corresponding
correlations can help to develop a more efficient process involving
CO2/C2H4/ionic liquids system.
1 Timothy 2:9–15 Reconsidered (Again)
Authors: Wall Robert W.
Published: April 2022

The present study agrees that the theological motive of the Pastor's instructions to Christian women (1 Tim 2:9–12, 15b) may be inferred from his midrash on Eve's biblical story (1 Tim 2:13–15a; cf. Gen 1–4). In recalling the salient moments of Eve's story, concluding with her childbirth as symbolic of a restored relationship with God (2:15a; cf. Gen 4:1–2; 1:27–28), the Pastor illustrates God's interest in saving women qua women to underwrite the choices a Christian woman makes about her public practices: her modesty proffers a persuasive defense of the gospel for those who think its claims lack cultural or personal purchase. This article concludes with a "hermeneutical postscript" that proposes a reading of this passage as Scripture and, so, formative of today's Christian faith.
Jesus and the Ossuaries
Authors: EVANS CRAIG A.
Published: April 2022

The recently publicized "James" ossuary is only one more remarkable archaeological find that may have significance for research into the life of Jesus and early Christian history. Further scientific study of this ossuary is needed before its authenticity and the controversial "brother of Jesus" portion of the inscription can be accepted. Review of other ossuary inscriptions, as well as three nonossuary inscriptions, will provide perspective and context for assessing the importance of this new find.
Resident Aliens in Mission: Missional Practices in the Emerging Church of 1 Peter
Authors: SELAND TORREY
Published: April 2022

The present study discusses the issue of mission in 1 Peter in light of the missiological model of "missional" church. The early Christian communities of 1 Peter are considered here as young emerging congregations living in a kind of liminal state. Being discriminated against in their local communities, they struggled for their own new Christian identity. In these circumstances, the phenomenon of intramural ethics is important, but so also are their missional good works. These are considered to be observed by "the others," who are won over and ultimately give glory to God. Contrary to some recent interpreters, the present study argues that the readers are also admonished to be ready to preach and defend their faith, thus becoming a missional church of both works and words in their neighborhoods.
The Use of Genesis 42:18 (not Leviticus 18:5) in Luke 10:28: Joseph and the Good Samaritan
Authors: SPRINKLE PRESTON M.
Published: April 2022

This article seeks to accomplish two goals: (1) to correct the common assumption that the OT text being alluded to in Luke 10:28 is Lev 18:5, and (2) to set forth a proposal that Luke is drawing from the Joseph story (Gen 37–50) to supply various raw materials for constructing the Parable of the Good Samaritan. In order to carry out this examination, I will first demonstrate that Gen 42:18, rather than Lev 18:5, is the actual text being alluded to in Luke 10:28. After establishing this, I will then probe the possible function that the Joseph story might have in the Parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:30–37).
Μαθητής and Μιμητής: Exploring an Entangled Relationship
Authors: COPAN VICTOR A.
Published: April 2022

The precise relationship between μιμητής and μαθητής has been the source of scholarly debate for some time. The two major proposals of how to understand their relationship do not offer decisive evidence for their positions. In order to get beyond this impasse, this article looks at two sets of texts from the Common Era: texts where μιμητής occurs alone and texts in which both μιμητής and μαθητής occur. The contexts of both sets of texts are examined to discern if they reveal anything about the relationship between these terms in order to see which of these proposals (if any) are supported. Based on this data, preliminary conclusions about how to understand the relationship between these terms are offered.
Off the Beaten Track: An Evangelical Reading of the Psalms without Gunkel
Authors: KLINGBEIL MARTIN G.
Published: April 2022

Since the inception of form criticism, evangelical theology has tried to define its relationship with its main proponent, Hermann Gunkel. This article tries to analyze this ambiguous relationship by means of reviewing interpretive tendencies of major Psalms commentaries from 1935 to 2003 while trying to locate evangelical scholarship within this panorama. One of the conclusions of this brief review is that evangelical scholarship has tagged behind when it could have been in the lead.
"Let the Reader Understand": A Contextual Interpretation of Mark 13:14
Authors: PERKINS LARRY
Published: April 2022

Robert Fowler argues that the clause "let the reader understand" in Mark 13:14 is an example of "parenthetical comment by the narrator to the reader." It is unique because it addresses the recipient of the story directly. As a result this comment could not be part of Jesus' discourse. In contrast, this article argues that this clause is part of Jesus' discourse because its language fits the way that Jesus in Mark challenges people to read—that is, interpret correctly—the Old Testament. This statement fits well with Jesus' frequent corrections of his disciples' misunderstandings. The third-person form parallels other instructions that Jesus gives to his disciples. The need for understanding occurs in two other contexts where Jesus is talking with his disciples. Jesus wants them to understand correctly his use of the phrase "the abomination of desolation." Readers of discourse also hear the injunction.
"It Never Entered My Mind": The Problematic Theodicy of Theistic Determinism
Authors: MEADORS EDWARD P.
Published: April 2022

This article evaluates contemporary expressions of compatibilist theodicy that identify God as the primary agent of evil. The author questions this conclusion by appealing to God's sovereignty in Scripture, the basic semantics of רָעָה, exegesis of crux passages, biblical theology comprehensively understood, and historical theology accurately quoted. In each arena, the author exposes invalid arguments and presuppositions expressive of theistic determinism. The author then arrives at a different conclusion.
Blasphemy and the Jewish Examination of Jesus
Authors: BOCK DARRELL
Published: April 2022

IBR Jesus Project 5. This article represents another contribution to the IBR Jesus Group and covers issues of background, historicity, and significance associated with the Jewish examination of Jesus by the leaders of Judaism. It argues that the core of this account is historical by working systematically through Mark's use of the theme of blasphemy, the question of whether the Jews had the right to execute Jesus legally, and potential witnesses, as well as examining the themes of Jesus' potential blasphemy and how Jews saw the potential for exaltation. The work represents an updating of my Blasphemy and Exaltation monograph by interacting with issues raised since it was published.
Fever and Dysentery in Acts 28:8 and Ancient Medicine
Authors: KEENER CRAIG S.
Published: April 2022

This article explores ancient views about the character of fever and dysentery, as well as both natural and supernatural treatments sometimes prescribed for them. This information affords us greater sensitivity to how Luke's earliest audiences would have conceived the severity of this ailment and hence appreciated the healing reported here.
Dating "Thomas": Logion 53 as a Test Case for Dating the "Gospel of Thomas" within an Early Christian Trajectory
Authors: JIPP JOSHUA W. , THATE MICHAEL J.
Published: April 2022

A perennial and seemingly irresolvable conflict affecting the studies of early Christianity, the quest for the historical Jesus, and the Synoptic Gospels has been whether the Gospel of Thomas and the diverse traditions that it preserves should be dated before or after the Synoptic Gospels. Scholars have primarily tended to resolve the issue by establishing its independence from or dependence upon the Synoptic Gospels. Recently, however, there have been signs that new methods may be opening up new vistas with respect to the dating issue. To name but a few, the diverse scholarship of Nicholas Perrin, April DeConick, and Risto Uro has been devoted to establishing new and creative methods precisely with respect to this problem. This essay seeks to use an alternative methodology whereby we examine a particular logion, in this case logion 53 on circumcision, and attempt to plot its particular teaching on an early Christian trajectory. After briefly surveying a few alternative methods for dating the Gospel of Thomas, we examine logion 53 within the Gospel of Thomas and suggest that its teaching on circumcision fits well within the larger Thomasine context, and then compare it with other early Christian texts on circumcision. We suggest that this logion fits well within a late first century or early second century context.
The Seventy Sevens of Daniel 9: A Timetable for the Future?
Authors: HESS RICHARD S.
Published: April 2022

Questions of the Messiah's return remain among the most perplexing and divisive in the interpretation of OT texts. These questions look to the future, at the end of the age. Because so many of the chapters in Daniel are concerned with the future, Daniel is a natural scroll in which to look for clues. There is very little in the Bible to provide any clue as to specific dates prophesied as yet to come. For this reason, numerical figures such as the seventy sevens of Dan 9:24–27 become keys to unlocking various schemes for the future.
The Temple and the Thorn: 2 Corinthians 12 and Paul's Heavenly Ecclesiology
Authors: HOOD JASON B.
Published: April 2022

Jewish and Christian beliefs and Pauline descriptions of heavenly and ecclesiological realities provide support for a possible explanation for Paul's supernatural experience in 2 Cor 12. In this experience, Paul enters the heavenly model for the earthly temple and witnesses God and Christ enthroned and glorified in the heavenly equivalent of the holy of holies. But Paul's ecclesiology, featuring as it does the temple nature of the church and the church's union with Christ, suggests that he would have seen the church enthroned as well (Eph 2:6). Tendencies in NT visions also lend support to this interpretation. Various factors, when combined with Paul's commitment to the growth of the church as the earthly manifestation of the heavenly temple, suggest a possible link between the unspecified thorn in the flesh and Paul's cruciform, missional suffering.
Scholar and Advocate: The Stories of Moses in Midrash "Exodus Rabbah"
Authors: GRAVES MICHAEL
Published: April 2022

Like any form of interpretive writing but in its own distinctive way, rabbinic midrash functions both as a response to elements of the text (exegesis) and as a medium through which the interpreters speak to their own context (cultural expression). One notable feature of aggadic midrash is the practice of telling extrabiblical stories about biblical figures. Even the telling of these stories represents both exegesis and cultural expression, as seen in the presentation of Moses in midrash Exodus Rabbah. In non-rabbinic Jewish portrayals of Moses from the Greco-Roman world, Moses was often an important vehicle for the expression of the Jewish appropriation of cultural Hellenism. In the Mekhilta de Rabbi Ishmael, the figure of Moses is elaborated only modestly, but he is clearly depicted within the framework of rabbinic thought. Exodus Rabbah follows and develops the trajectory of the Mekhilta but also highlights features of Moses that were prominent in earlier sources in light of shared cultural experiences and their common text (that is, Exodus). In Exodus Rabbah, Moses is depicted through numerous aggadic tales as a rabbinic scholar of Torah and as the advocate who successfully mediates between Israel and God. Although these stories freely describe Moses in anachronistic terms as though he were a sage from the era of the rabbis, they also reflect genuine responses to actual points of tension and meaning in the text. This approach enabled the sages of the midrash to appreciate the meaningfulness of the text as they saw their own situations acted out in the text through Moses, although this came at the expense of recognizing fully the points of difference between the world of the text and the world of the interpreters.