bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Effects of Acetic Acid and d-Limonene on Four Aquatic Plants
Authors: Gettys Lyn A. , Thayer Kyle L. , Sigmon Joseph W.
Published: March 2021

The foundation of most aquatic weed management programs in Florida is synthetic herbicides because many of these U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)-registered products are effective, selective, and inexpensive compared with other strategies such as mechanical harvesting. However, stakeholders have expressed concern regarding their use and managers are interested in exploring alternative methods for aquatic weed control. To that end, we evaluated the efficacy, selectivity, and costs of the “natural” products acetic acid and d-limonene (alone and in combination with each other and citric acid) on the invasive floating plants waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and waterlettuce (Pistia stratiotes), and the native emergent plants broadleaf sagittaria (Sagittaria latifolia) and pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata). These products, plus an industry-standard synthetic herbicide (diquat dibromide), were applied once as foliar treatments to healthy plants, which were grown out for 8 weeks after treatment to allow development of phytotoxicity symptoms. A 0.22% concentration of diquat dibromide eliminated all vegetation, but neither “natural” product alone provided acceptable (>80%) control of floating weeds, even when applied at the maximum concentrations under evaluation (20% acetic acid, 30% d-limonene). Citric acid (5% or 10%) had no effect on the activity of acetic acid or d-limonene, but some combinations of acetic acid and d-limonene controlled floating weeds effectively without causing unacceptable damage to native plants. However, these treatments are much more expensive than the synthetic standard and managers would realize a 22- to 26-fold increase in product cost alone without factoring in other expenses such as additional labor and application time. Combinations of acetic acid and d-limonene may have utility in some areas where the use of synthetic herbicides is discouraged, but broad-scale deployment of this strategy would likely be prohibitively expensive.
New insights into the identity of Discolaimium dubium Das, Khan and Loof, 1969 (Dorylaimida) as derived from its morphological and molecular characterization, with the proposal of its transference to Aporcella Andrássy, 2002
Authors: Vazifeh Nasir , Niknam Gholamreza , Jabbari Habibeh , Naghavi Arezoo , Peña-Santiago Reyes
Published: March 2021

Three Iranian populations of Discolaimium dubium are studied, including their morphological and morphometric characterization, molecular analysis (LSU-rDNA) and the description of the male for the first time. For comparative purposes, this species is distinguished by its 1.10 to 1.40 mm long body, lip region offset by constriction and 8 to 10 µm wide, odontostyle 7.5 to 10.5 µm long with aperture occupying 59 to 76% of total length, neck 300 to 362 µm, pharyngeal expansion 127 to 181 µm long or 44 to 46% of the total neck length, uterus simple and 38 to 53 µm or 1.2 to 1.5 times the body diameter long, V = 52 to 58, tail conical (32-38 µm, c = 32-43, c′ = 1.6-2.0) with rounded tip and a hyaline portion occupying 14 to 15% of tail length, spicules 30 to 32 µm long, and two or three widely space ventromedian supplements with hiatus. Both morphological and molecular data support its belonging to the genus Aporcella, whose monophyly is confirmed and to which the species is formally transferred as A. dubia (Das et al., 1969) comb. n.
The impact of remittances on household savings in the Baltics
Authors: Přívara Andrej , Trnovský Karol
Published: March 2021

Proper understanding and monitoring of household savings are crucial to effective macroeconomic policies targeted at balanced and sustainable economic growth. Remittances, as a financial flow of foreign capital, can create a vital part of private savings. This paper is aimed at identifying whether remittances contribute to household savings in the Baltics along with other macroeconomic variables in a post-crisis period, during which the relative smoothing and convergence of economic development of the Baltic countries after the sharp financial distress in 2009 can be observed. The following methods of panel data regression analysis were employed: fixed effects and OLS. The results of the econometric analysis based on both fixed effects and OLS methods reveal that remittances are an essential driver of savings in the Baltics in the long run. Savings in the Baltics are not significantly influenced in the short term by sharp economic fluctuations, but are dependent on demographic factors and foreign capital, which can bring instability in economic development and financial flows of the region.
AcknowledgmentThis research was funded by Vega research project no. 1/0037/20: “New challenges and solutions for employment growth in changing socio-economic conditions”, and VEGA research project no. 1/0287/19 “Integration of immigrants in EU countries from the point of view of migration policies”.
CONCEPTUAL DIRECTIONS OF THE TAXATION THEORIES DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE REALIZING PRISM INTERESTS OF THE STATE AND TAXPAYERS
Authors: TYURINA Yulia G. , BANNOVA Kristina A.
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, direct taxation of personal income is used in almost all countries of the world, and to this day there are various changes that shift the share of revenue from these taxes towards increasing the state budget. The significance of the personal income tax in economic policy is also due to the fact that it affects the interests of almost the entire population of the country.
A variety of disputes constantly arise around the personal income tax, which can be explained by a wide range of taxpayers in various social strata. The ongoing transformations in the tax area predetermine the construction of the individuals taxation fair system as the fulfillment of one of the conditions for improving the living standards of the population.
The relevance of the study lies in the need to reform the tax system in Russia, namely, the taxation of personal income, in order to implement the principle of social justice, as well as to satisfy the fiscal component of this tax, respectively, to fulfill the interests of participants in tax relations.
The purpose of the article is a theoretical understanding of the conceptual directions of the taxation theories development through the prism of realizing the interests of the state and taxpayers in the taxation system of personal income. The subject of this research is the set of economic relations between the state and individuals, formed in the process of taxation of personal income in Russia. The methodological basis was the conceptual provisions of the theories of taxation, scientific methods and methods of analysis.
The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the results of the methodological analysis of the taxation theories development through the prism of realizing the state interests and taxpayers will make it possible to solve from a theoretical point of view the issue of interests balance achieving of all parties, which will contribute to the development of practical measures to achieve a decent standard of living for the population.
IT-INDUSTRY LEADERS: AN EXPERIENCE OF NARRATIVE INTERVIEW ANALYSIS
Authors: ROMASHKINA Gulnara F. , Shashkin Dmitriy I.
Published: March 2021

The paper considers interviews of 100 leaders in the rating of key persons of the Russian Internet market, published by the Tagline agency during 2020. Only publicly available data with links to the original texts of the interviews was used for the narrative analysis. The use of the narrative method made it possible to capture general trends through the unique details of a person’s life. The purpose of the task was to determine whether there are behavioral features and motives for the decisions made in the choice situation. The main attention was paid to the leader’s life trajectory, habitual patterns of behavior and reaction to events, used business strategies, ways of achieving success and justification of actions choice. There was a gender bias: only 3 representatives of the rating were women. In addition, the opinion that the leaders of the young IT industry are mainly young people has not been confirmed. Average age 44 years, minimum 26 years, maximum 71 years. The three generations represented in the ranking differ in basic principles in their approach to business. By place of birth, the sample is biased towards Moscow and St. Petersburg. Moreover, St. Petersburg is represented only in the younger and middle age groups. Intergenerational transition enhances the effect of centralization. In almost all interviews, various aspects and expectations from the development of technology were highlighted, causing anxiety about the strong impact on a person’s personal space. It was noted that even businesses with the largest capitalization in the Russian rating are not included in the top world ratings. And those that were included are gradually falling in the ratings compared to the rapidly growing giants from China and the United States. A tendency of relocation, primarily in the United States, to search for investors and overcome distrust in Russian businessmen was noted. It is concluded that the experience of business development is mediated by the norms of personal interaction with people to a greater extent than with the market.
THE PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN HIGHER EDUCATION’S EXPORT TO VIETNAM: THE CASE OF NORTHERN (ARCTIC) FEDERAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Golomidova Polina S.
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the prospects for the development of Russian higher education’s export to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Based on the analysis of the Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation, the Decree of the RF President “On the national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation till 2024”, the materials of the federal project “Export of Education”, and the national project “Science and Universities”, the authors have ascertained that at the level of strategic documents, the export of educational services in Russia is considered as a tool of “soft power” — a source of state income and a way to attract highly-qualified specialists to the labor market.
The authors have conducted a study of the potential of the educational market in Vietnam based on the analysis of the previous researches on educational migration, statistical information of education export to Vietnam, the state of Russian-Vietnamese relations, the position of the Russian language in the country, and key statistical indicators, as well as participant observation within the framework of the author’s professional activities. The role of Rossotrudnichestvo Office in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in expertise, consultations, and organizational support to Russian educational organizations is considered. This paper analyzes the experience of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov as it entered the educational market of Vietnam and established contacts with Vietnamese universities: the Hanoi University of Business and Technology (HUBT) and the Vietnam National University of Forestry (VNUF).
Conclusions are drawn about the potential for strengthening the positions of the Russian higher educational institutions in the educational market of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the near future, as well as the importance of developing scientific and educational cooperation with Vietnamese universities as an effective tool for developing academic mobility, promoting the Russian language, implementing joint educational programs, research projects and developing export of education in general.
A NEW APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF INEQUALITY IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF CASH INCOMES OF THE POPULATION OF THE URAL FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: TARASOV Vladimir T.
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes income inequality in the regions of the Ural Federal District using methodological innovations proposed by scientists from the Study Center of Sociocultural Changes at the Institute of Philosophy of the RAS and the Vologda Scientific Center of the RAS who introduced a family of income inequality centile coefficients into scientific circulation. These indicators characterize the ratio of incomes of the population various groups in the context of its depersonalized representative macrostrates.In the context of deepening economic inequality, the relevance of these innovations increases significantly, since in the current practice of identifying and analyzing the differentiation of the population incomes, a limited list of indicators is used, while the proposed new indicators make it possible to significantly expand the analytical possibilities of substantiating social policy. However, the complexity of the innovations application lies in the fact that the published statistical information does not allow directly calculating new characteristics. In this regard, the goal of the article is to substantiate and experimentally test a new toolkit that allows, on the basis of limited factual data, to determine the decile distribution of the regions population by the level of monetary income and to form the possibility of further calculating income weights and centile indicators of inequality. Experimental calculations were performed using the example of the Ural Federal District regions for 2000-2018. As a result of calculations and subsequent analysis, macrostrains of the supposed middle class with a stable share of monetary incomes in their total volume are identified that are stable over a long time. At the same time, the growth of inequality was mainly due to the redistribution of incomes from the low-income group in favor of the population part with the highest incomes.
CONSTITUTIONAL INNOVATIONS AND SOCIAL VALUES OF THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PRECARIOUS EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: ZAITSEVA Larisa V. , Alieva Olga V.
Published: March 2021

The most important political event in 2020 was the nationwide vote on the approval of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Some of the adopted amendments directly concern the social sphere; they are designed to ensure an increase in the well-being of Russian citizens and the level of their social protection. This has actualized scientific research on social justice in all social sciences and humanities. In this regard, legal science is most interested in questions related to at least two aspects. First, to what extent are the amendments to the Russian Federation Constitution relevant from the point of view of the social sphere current state? To what extent are they conditioned by the current agenda and modern social relations content? On the other hand, to what extent does the current legislation designed to serve the implementation of the constitutional foundations meet the requirements of the Basic Law? Do not the provisions of the Constitution become an unattainable bright ideal in the modern system of legal regulation of specific legal relations?
This work is devoted to the formulation of precisely these questions. It provides examples from the sphere of regulation of social and labor relations, which make it possible to talk about the difficulties that the law is already facing today, not having sufficient funds in its traditional arsenal to ensure the implementation of fair social standards established in the Constitution. The development of employment non-standart forms, the precarization of the labor market, an objective decrease in the number of hired workers in the total number of employed, creates a significant circle of subjects who today do not have access to the rights and guarantees established by the Constitution, since they are traditionally ensured by the norms of labor law, which does not apply to these citizens.
Based on the experience of individual foreign countries, it is concluded that in order to fully implement the constitutional foundations and principles in the world of work, it is necessary to extend certain traditional labor rights and guarantees to the self-employed and workers employed on online platforms.
SOME REMARKS CONCERNING THE REFERENCE OF MENTAL AND LANGUAGE REPRESENTATIONS
Authors: Buczkowska Janina
Published: March 2021

This paper is an attempt to answer the question, what is exactly represented by our thoughts or language expressions. At the beginning, the article presents the main philosophical problems regarding the understanding of the nature of the subject of reference of such representations as names or descriptions. Is the name directly referred to the real object or rather to the content of thought? What about cases when the name cannot be referred to the real object? What is the relation between the intentional subject connected with every name (or description) and the external object to which only some names can be referred to, and which one is prior to the constitution of representation? The idea to understand the subject of mental or language representations as a complex structure which has a relational nature is the solution proposed in this paper. This structure is constituted by cognition and ties internal elements of a given representation such as the content with the elements which are external with regard to this given representation. This structure reflects such elements as the content of representation, the way in which this content is given, the correlate of the content and its mode of existence as well as additional systemic information coordinated with given representation. Some consequences of this proposal are discussed at the end of the article. It is explained how the differentiation of the elements of this structure can lead to different types of reference. The basis to understand the issue in question is the relation between internal and external object of reference. It can be interpreted (as is suggested in the paper) as a connection between internal elements of the described structure.
AXIOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTS OF RELATIONS BETWEEN ETHICS AND POLITICS
Authors: Podrez Ewa
Published: March 2021

The subject of this article is the axiological basis of relations between morality and politics. The author shows anthropological and metaphysical origins of the idea of common good in social life. What role does morality play in political activity and where are moral foundations of a democratic state to be found? How to ensure the presence of moral values in public life (education, participation, common good, open society). The most important questions include: Who is responsible for ideas of democracy? Can democracy survive without a footing in pre–democratic values?
RELIGION AS A BOND – A DELUSIVE HOPE OF POLITICS
Authors: Grzybowski Jacek
Published: March 2021

Politics is on the one hand an attempt to implement certain good, a desire for achieving agreed objectives, on the other hand – as Max Weber says – a simultaneous a#empt to avoid a particular evil. If in defining the notion of politics there are references to good and evil, purpose and desire, it has to include the non-political spheres – culture, axiology, religion. Mark Lilla argues that for decades we have been aware of the great and final separation that has taken place in Western Europe between political and religious life. This awareness implies a conviction, which is obligatory today in most countries and societies, that to separate politics from religion is a great achievement. For many thinkers and politicians this is an undisputed success from which the West learns to benefit while preparing other regions of the world for such separation. Therefore it seems that modern politics should be free from religious inspiration and temptation. On the other hand, many sociologists and political scientists show the vitality of religious attitudes, proving that in its deepest essence religion is an expression of human behaviour. Each person and each community always has an element of irreducibility which is an internal defence against reducing man to “here and now”, restricting his world to what is useful and usable. We experience that in man there is a natural opening to what is transcendent. Thus, if man is ever to achieve individual and social reconciliation with himself, he will always look for rational and moral meanings. This situation creates a platform for the emergence of a completely new a#itude in society and politics – to seek and pursue spirituality in a world without religion. Increasingly, the understanding of religion reveals itself in a wide etymological sense, sociological and ethnological: religare – “to connect”, “to bind”, “to build community ties”. Religion so understood would be a great solution to the dilemma of separation – the adoption of religion (bonds) without the doctrine, while ensuring social cohesion, strengthening the feeling of being together, maintaining a spiritual connection. Many thinkers are convinced that we cannot base social life only on fear, discipline and economy; we need a deeper and stronger foundations for Community Cohesion. But is such a project possible at all? Is politics becoming a place for the formation of relationships, education and conservation of values, a narrative space which tells citizens what is good and right and what is wrong and alien? Can it replace religion in its deepest essence – in its intimate sense of an exploration and discovery of transcendence? Will it not become a caricature of religion, and a caricature of politics, and ultimately a trap for freedom?
Small-molecule Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase-Associated Ribonuclease H Function: Challenges and Recent Developments
Authors: Madia Valentina Noemi , Messore Antonella , De Leo Alessandro , Tudino Valeria , Pindinello Ivano , Saccoliti Francesco , De Vita Daniela , Scipione Luigi , Costi Roberta , Di Santo Roberto
Published: March 2021

Multiple combinations of antiretroviral drugs have remarkably improved the
treatment of HIV-1 infection. However, life-long treatments and drug resistance are still an
open issue that requires continuous efforts for the identification of novel antiviral drugs.

Background:

The reverse transcriptase-associated ribonuclease H (RNase H) hydrolyzes
the HIV genome to allow synthesizing viral DNA. Currently, no RNase H inhibitors
(RHIs) have reached the clinical phase. Therefore, RNase H can be defined as an attractive
target for drug design.

Objective:

Despite the wealth of information available for RNase H domain, the development
of RHIs with high specificity and low cellular toxicity has been disappointing.
However, it is now becoming increasingly evident that reverse transcriptase is a highly
versatile enzyme, undergoing major structural alterations to complete its catalysis, and
that exists a close spatial and temporal interplay between reverse transcriptase polymerase
and RNase H domains. This review sums up the present challenges in targeting RNase H
encompassing the challenges in selectively inhibiting RNase H vs polymerase and/or
HIV-1 integrase and the weak antiviral activity of active site inhibitors, probably for a
substrate barrier that impedes small molecules to reach the targeted site. Moreover, the
focus is given on the most recent progress in the field of medicinal chemistry that has led
to the identification of several small molecules as RHIs in the last few years.

Conclusion:

RHIs could be a new class of drugs with a novel mechanism of action highly
precious for the treatment of resistant HIV strains.
Dissecting the therapeutic potency of antimicrobial peptides against microbial biofilms
Authors: Gupta Payal , Mishra Purusottam , Prasad Ramasare , Poluri Krishna Mohan
Published: March 2021

:

Microbial resistance to conventional therapeutics has become a significant threat to human society. Biofilms serve as the major virulence factor for the microorganisms by resisting the antibiotics and host innate immune system. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional therapeutics due to their exceptional anti-biofilm and broad-spectrum antimicrobial property. Researchers have applied bioinformatics, genetic engineering, tissue culture, and drug delivery approaches to enhance the production and therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobial peptides. This review comprehensively describes the various aspects of AMPs with particular focus on their anti-biofilm potential. Other detailed information highlighted in this review includes different classes of AMPs, their mode of action, and anti-biofilm activity both alone and in synergy with other AMPs or conventional antibiotics. Further, challenges and opportunities of AMPs based drug delivery systems such as nano-formulations, polymeric micelles, and vesicles are also summarized.
Herbal Oils for Treatment of Chronic and Diabetic Wounds: A Systematic Review
Authors: Thomas Asha , Bankar Nilam , Nagore Dheeraj , Kothapalli Lata , Chitlange Sohan
Published: March 2021

Background:

In the present scenario, diabetes is a growing health challenge, and its occurrence
is growing across the globe. Diabetes, with its complications like diabetic wounds, vasculopathy,
neuropathy, wound infections, and oxidative stress, is a serious cause of mortality worldwide.

Introduction:

Among the various complications, treatment of diabetic foot and ulcers is one of the
major concerns in patients who are suffering from diabetes. The causative factors for this condition
include increased oxidative stress, high blood glucose levels, vascular insufficiency, and microbial
infections, and many a time, if left untreated, it may even lead to amputations of the lower extremities.
The present therapy for the treatment of diabetic wounds mainly involves the use of synthetic
moieties and other biotechnology-derived biomolecules, including growth factors. Few plant products
are also useful in the treatment of wounds.

Method:

Essential oils derived from various herbs are reported to possess significant wound healing
potential and promote blood clotting, help to fight infections, and accelerate the wound healing
process. Hence, the present review is a systematic analysis of all the available data on the use of
the natural oils with their biological source, active phytochemical constituents present, and the
probable mechanism of action for the treatment of chronic and diabetic wounds in suitable animal
models. A methodical collection of data was performed, and information was searched up to April
2020 in entirety. Key phrases used for the data search include the pathophysiology of wounds, diabetic
foot wound and its complications, natural oils for chronic and diabetic wound treatment.

Results:

This review summarizes the natural oils which are reported in the literature to be beneficial
in the treatment of chronic wounds, while some oils have been specifically also studied against
wounds in diabetic rats. Essential oils are said to interact with the body pharmacologically, physiologically
and psychologically and help in rapid wound healing. However, the majority of the literature
studies have demonstrated wound healing activity only in animal models (preclinical data),
and further clinical studies are necessary.

Conclusion :

This review provides a platform for further studies on the effective utilization of natural
oils in the treatment of chronic and diabetic wounds, especially if oils are to receive credibility
in the management of chronic wounds.
Food Safety Knowledge and Self-reported Practices among Saudi Women
Authors: Arfaoui Leila , Mortada Maisa , Ghandourah Haneen , Alghafari Wejdan
Published: March 2021

Background:

Foodborne diseases due to improper food handling in home kitchens are
among the most significant public health challenges worldwide.

Objective:

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate food safety knowledge and selfreported
practices among Saudi women.

Methods:

A total of 1490 women, aged between 18 and 60 years participated in this online survey.
Collected and cured data were analyzed using descriptive statistics via the SPSS software.
Chi-square (X2) test was performed to identify associations between variables. A p-value less
than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Participants showed an overall knowledge score of 16.53±2.8/23 points (72%). About
4.5%, 57.5% and 38% had low, intermediate and good knowledge scores, respectively. Women
had higher scores of knowledge in personal hygiene (5.2±0.8/6 points) and purchasing and storage
(5.8±1.2/8 points) compared to food preparation and cooking (4.5±1.8/8 points). The overall
practice score was 35.50±5.53/50 points (71%). About 7%, 52% and 41% of the participants
exhibited low, intermediate and good practices scores, respectively. Participants’ practice scores
of personal hygiene, utensils and equipment, purchasing and storage, and preparation and cooking
were 11.10±2.33/15, 6.38±1.47/8, 8.72±1.84/12 and 9.30±2.08/15, respectively. Among the
participants’ characteristics, women aged 26 years and older, those having marriage experience
and those with children had significantly higher food safety knowledge (p<0.001) than the young,
single and women without children. Moreover, women with higher levels of education and those
employed in health-related professions showed significantly higher knowledge and practice
scores than their counterparts (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

This study reported an intermediate overall food safety knowledge and practices
among most adult Saudi women. Therefore, further targeted public education programs focusing
mainly on food preparation and cooking are recommended to enhance women’s food safety
knowledge and practices and thereby improve overall public health.
Role of Brain Imaging in Drug Development for Psychiatry
Authors: den Boer Johan A. , de Vries Erik J.F. , Borra Ronald J.H. , Waarde Aren van , Lammertsma Adriaan A. , Dierckx Rudi A.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Over the last decades, many brain imaging studies have contributed to
new insights in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disease. However, in spite of these developments,
progress in the development of novel therapeutic drugs for prevalent psychiatric health conditions
has been limited.

Objective:

In this review, we discuss translational, diagnostic and methodological issues that have
hampered drug development in CNS disorders with a particular focus on psychiatry. The role of
preclinical models is critically reviewed and opportunities for brain imaging in early stages of drug
development using PET and fMRI are discussed. The role of PET and fMRI in drug development
is reviewed emphasizing the need to engage in collaborations between industry, academia and
phase I units.

Conclusion:

Brain imaging technology has revolutionized the study of psychiatric illnesses, and
during the last decade, neuroimaging has provided valuable insights at different levels of analysis
and brain organization, such as effective connectivity (anatomical), functional connectivity patterns
and neurochemical information that may support both preclinical and clinical drug development.
Since there is no unifying pathophysiological theory of individual psychiatric syndromes and since
many symptoms cut across diagnostic boundaries, a new theoretical framework has been proposed
that may help in defining new targets for treatment and thus enhance drug development in CNS diseases.
In addition, it is argued that new proposals for data-mining and mathematical modelling as
well as freely available databanks for neural network and neurochemical models of rodents combined
with revised psychiatric classification will lead to new validated targets for drug development.
A Fluorene based Fluorogenic ''Turn-off'' Chemosensor for the Recognition
of Cu2+ and Fe2+: Computational Modeling and Living-cell Application
Authors: Karuk Elmas Sukriye Nihan , Aydin Duygu , Savran Tahir , Caliskan Eray , Koran Kenan , Arslan Fatma Nur , Sadi Gokhan , Gorgulu Ahmet Orhan , Yilmaz Ibrahim
Published: March 2021

Background:

The traditional methods for the detection and quantification of Cu2+ and Fe3+
heavy metal ions are usually troublesome in terms of high-cost, non-portable, time-consuming, specialized
personnel and complicated tools, so their applications in practical analyses is limited. Therefore,
the development of cheap, fast and simple-use techniques/instruments with high sensitivity/selectivity
for the detection of heavy metal ions is highly demanded and studied.

Methods:

In this study, a fluorene-based fluorescent ''turn-off'' sensor, methyl 2-(2-((((9H-fluoren-9-
yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-3- phenylpropanamido) acetate (probe FLPG) was synthesized via onepot
reaction and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-APT-NMR, HETCOR, ATR-FTIR and elemental
analysis in detailed. All emission spectral studies of the probe FLPG have been performed in
CH3CN/HEPES (9/1, v/v, pH=7.4) media at rt. The quantum (Φ) yield of probe FLPG decreased considerably
in the presence of Cu2+ and Fe3+. The theoretical computation of probe FLPG and its complexes
were also performed using density functional theory (DFT). Furthermore, bio-imaging experiments
of the probe FLPG was successfully carried out for Cu2+ and Fe3+ monitoring in living-cells.

Results:

The probe FLPG could sense Cu2+ and Fe3+ with high selectivity and sensitivity, and quantitative
correlations (R2>0.9000) between the Cu2+/Fe3+ concentrations (0.0−10.0 equiv). The limits of detection
for Cu2+ and Fe3+ were found as 25.07 nM and 37.80 nM, respectively. The fluorescence
quenching in the sensor is managed by ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) mechanism. Job’s plot
was used to determine the binding stoichiometry (1:2) of the probe FLPG towards Cu2+ and Fe3+. The
binding constants with strongly interacting Cu2+ and Fe3+ were determined as 4.56×108 M-2 and
2.02×1010 M-2, respectively, via the fluorescence titration experiments. The outcomes of the computational
study supported the fluorescence data. Moreover, the practical application of the probe FLPG
was successfully performed for living cells.

Conclusion:

This simple chemosensor system offers a highly selective and sensitive sensing platform
for the routine detection of Cu2+ and Fe3+, and it keeps away from the usage of costly and sophisticated
analysis systems.
Investigation of Structural, Treatment, and Clinical Characteristics of
COVID-19 Along with the Challenges Caused by its Prevalence
Authors: Doagooyan Maham , Alavizadeh Seyedeh Hoda , Akhtari Javad , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Kiade Saeed Ghanbari Hasan , Kochesfahani Pariya Haghgoo , Gheybi Fatemeh
Published: March 2021

:

In late 2019, a report from China was published stating a disease with an unknown cause.
After that, the outbreak of the COVID-19 caused a pandemic in the world. On March 11, 2020, the
outbreak of this virus was reported in 100 countries.
The virus is currently spreading rapidly around the world. In the past, coronaviruses caused lifethreatening
diseases such as SARS and MERS in some areas of the world. Although there is still a
debate about the origin of this new coronavirus, it is most likely linked with some animals, including
bats, civet, and pangolin. In this review, we try to describe the features of the new coronavirus as well
as the recent diagnostic and therapeutic findings.
Cell Culture Studies: A Promising Approach to the Metabolomic Study of Human Aging
Authors: Rocha Ana , Magalhães Sandra , Nunes Alexandra
Published: March 2021

With the increasing aging of the world’s population, a detailed study
of the characteristics of aging, and the pathologies related to this process, are crucial
to the development of targeted anti-aging therapies. Therefore, there are several
study models for the study of aging, from computational models to animals
or even to cell cultures. The latter have shown high potential for aging studies as
they are easier to handle, cheaper, do not require the same level of ethical consideration
required for animal and human studies, and present little biological
heterogeneity when grown under the same conditions and in the same context
population. For aging studies, these characteristics are a great advantage since
cells have a considerable variety of morphologic characteristics and markers that
can be studied. Thus, the aim of this review is to offer an overview of the models
used in studies of aging, with a focus on cell culture models, presenting the advantages
and disadvantages of cell culture in the study of aging, of what information
can we extract of these studies and how cell studies can be compared with
the other models.
Work Hard and Play Hard: Perceptions of Play in Early Childhood Programs
Authors: White Patricia , Martin Barbara N. , McDonald Bryan
Published: March 2021

This paper explored the perceptions of principals and teachers concerning the role of play in early childhood programs during an ethos of high strakes accountability. All early childhood participants identified play as a learning tool, but noted it was being eliminated from the curriculum due to high stake accountability. Viewed differently between administrators and early childhood educators was the purpose of play. Revealed were implications for administrators, teachers, and policymakers. The implications for this research and practice include that both administration and early childhood teachers must understand the value of play and implement play within the school day.
РИФОРМИНГ ЛИГНОЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНОЙ БИОМАССЫ В ЭЛЕКТРОННОПУЧКОВОЙ ПЛАЗМЕ ФОРВАКУУМНОГО ДАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: ХТАУ КХИН МАУНГ , Васильева Т.М. , Васильев М.Н. , Удоратина Е.В. , Кувшинова Л.А.
Published: March 2021

Описано применение низкотемпературной электронно-пучковой плазмы форвакуумного давления для управляемой обработки и деструкции лигноцеллюлозного комплекса и лигнинов. Пучково-плазменное воздействие привело к аморфизации кристаллической части биополимеров и образованию дополнительных кислородсодержащих функциональных карбонильных и карбоксильных групп на поверхности лигноцел-люлозных волокон.
АКТИВНАЯ ВИБРОИЗОЛЯЦИЯ ВЫСОКОВАКУУМНОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ
Authors: Михайлов В.П. , Копытов А.А. , Казаков А.В. , Товмаченко Д.К.
Published: March 2021

Дано описание устройства и принципа работы активной виброизолирующей платформы на основе магнитореологического (МР) эластомера для высоковакуумного оборудования. Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований привода платформы в режиме активной виброизоляции и определен коэффициент передачи амплитуды виброперемещений.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ТРЕКОВЫХ МЕМБРАН ГИДРОФОБНЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ МЕТОДОМ ЭЛЕКТРОННО-ЛУЧЕВОГО ДИСПЕРГИРОВАНИЯ ПОЛИВИНИЛХЛОРИДА В ВАКУУМЕ
Authors: Кравец Л.И. , Ярмоленко М.А. , Рогачев А.А. , Гайнутдинов Р.В. , Алтынов В.А. , Лизунов Н.Е.
Published: March 2021

Проведено исследование химической структуры и физико-химических свойств покрытий, осажденных на поверхности гидрофильной полиэтилентерефталатной трековой мембраны с помощью метода электронно-лучевого диспергирования полимеров в вакууме. Показано, что применение данного метода при использовании в качестве мишени для диспергирования поливинилхлорида позволяет получать на поверхности мембран гидрофобные покрытия. Мембраны подобного образца могут быть использованы в процессах опреснения морских вод методом мембранной дистилляции.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ВЛИЯНИЯ РЯДА ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ НА МЕТРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПРИ КОНТРОЛЕ ГЕРМЕТИЧНОСТИ
Authors: Бушин С.А.
Published: March 2021

Представлены результаты исследований о влиянии ряда термодинамических параметров на точность измерения степени негерметичности газонаполненных разрядников при высокочувствительном контроле герметичности на установке УФКГ1. При косвенном методе измерения погрешность искомой величины утечки обуславливается неопределенностями, из которых доминирующими являются значения стандартных отклонений давления пробного (рабочего) газа и объема полости, в которой он заключен.
Determinación de la sanción penal juvenil en un criterio jurisprudencial de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Paraguay
Authors: González Valdés Violeta Liliana
Published: March 2021

Las características definitorias de la reacción estatal ante los hechos punibles cometidos por adolescentes requieren no sólo el reconocimiento y la vigencia de garantías sustantivas y formales, sino también el replanteamiento del proceso de individualización de la sanción penal. En ese sentido, se analiza un criterio jurisprudencial de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Paraguay que establece lineamientos para la determinación de la sanción en el ámbito de la justicia penal juvenil. El fallo reconoce el principio de proporcionalidad como base de la medición y el principio de reprochabilidad como límite. Asimismo, delimita el alcance del principio de educación en un proceso penal garantista y en el marco de la prevención especial positiva como objeto de las sanciones en el Derecho Penal Juvenil. Finalmente incorpora, como una circunstancia innovadora a considerar en la determinación de la sanción, la condición de vulnerabilidad social del adolescente infractor.
Liminar
Authors: Fernández Ruiz Jorge
Published: March 2021

Presentación editorial del número 279 de la Revista de la Facultad de Derecho de México, correspondiente al cuatrimestre enero-abril del 2021.
Una propuesta de indemnización a la parte afectada por el juicio de reconocimiento o investigación de paternidad o maternidad de los hijos nacidos fuera del matrimonio: hacia una reparación del daño en el derecho familiar.
Authors: Aguilar Calderón Pablo Alfonso
Published: March 2021

RESUMEN: en el presente artículo de investigación se desarrolla un análisis de una de las figuras fundamentales para salvaguardar el interés superior del menor y la  familia que es el reconocimiento/ investigación de la paternidad o maternidad de los hijos nacidos fuera del matrimonio, pero desde una arista poco observada en la literatura actual del derecho familiar y procesal familiar, siendo las consecuencias jurídicas de intentar responsabilizar al presunto padre o madre para que cumpla con sus obligaciones en torno al probable hijo, cuya existencia es una necesidad en el contexto en el que vivimos actualmente. Al finalizar el estudio que incluye doctrina y legislaciones familiares y civiles de México, se presenta una propuesta para la indemnización a la parte afectada a cargo de la responsable por la afectación provocada derivada del mencionado juicio.
Los casos difíciles y la tarea del Juez Hércules en el pensamiento de Ronald Dworkin
Authors: Ortiz Galindo Nancy Marisol
Published: March 2021

El presente texto tiene como hipótesis que, con el apoyo de la teoría de Dworkin, la solución de casos difíciles es posible si se reconoce que el concepto del derecho que proporciona el positivismo jurídico es insuficiente para darle solución a dichos casos, ya que reduce el derecho únicamente a normas. Por lo tanto, lo que se debe hacer, en un principio, es concebir al derecho de un modo más amplio, lo cual implica el reconocimiento los principios, como parte del orden normativo. Dichos elementos adquieren importancia, mediante la construcción de argumentos o una teoría argumentativa que le den el fundamento suficiente a dichas soluciones, de tal manera que se demuestre que en ningún caso el juez ha excedido los límites que establece el Derecho.
Derecho al medio ambiente y Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos
Authors: Huerta Guerrero Luis Alberto
Published: March 2021

Es innegable el progresivo desarrollo que ha asumido el derecho al medio ambiente, tanto en el plano nacional como internacional. En ese sentido, respecto de este fenómeno, es por demás ilustrativo el formante jurisprudencial de tribunales como la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos que ha dotado de un contenido nutrido a este derecho. Por su parte, los tribunales nacionales igualmente han asumido un importante rol en el desarrollo y construcción de este derecho al momento de aplicar e implementar las decisiones jurídicas supranacionales en el desempeño de sus funciones. La finalidad de este trabajo es dar cuenta de este proceso por demás interesante y de la interacción entre el orden jurídico internacional y nacional a la luz de figuras como el control de convencionalidad.
Comentario al Decreto número 120 que reforma y adiciona diversas disposiciones legales del Estado de Sonora
Authors: González Beltrones Adria Velia
Published: March 2021

Comentario legislativo del Decreto número 120 que reforma y adiciona diversas disposiciones de la Ley de Acceso de las Mujeres a una Vida Libre de Violencia para el Estado de Sonora, de la Ley de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales para el Estado de Sonora, de la Ley Orgánica de la Fiscalía General de Justicia del Estado de  Sonora, de la Ley Estatal de Responsabilidades, de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Ejecutivo del Estado de Sonora, de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial del Estado De Sonora, de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Legislativo del Estado de Sonora y de la Ley de Gobierno y Administración Municipal. Boletín Oficia del Gobierno del Estado de Sonora, t. CCV, Edición Especial, 29 Mayo del 2020.
The value of GeneXpert MTB/RIF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Zhou Yue-Ying , Shi Ji-Chan , Pan Ning , Wu Zheng-Xing , Cheng Ai-Qiong , Mei Yan-Hong , Wu Lian-Peng , Jiang Xian-Gao
Published: March 2021

This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/ RIF assay in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in subjects with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. From January 2019 to December 2019, 197 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis were recruited, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected for acid-fast staining smear, liquid culture of Mycobacterium combined drug sensitivity and Xpert MTB/RIF detection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Xpert MTB/RIF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were calculated with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis as the reference standard. The consistency of xpert MTB/RIF in the diagnosis of rifampicin resistance was evaluated, with the results of Mycobacterium liquid culture drug sensitivity test and drug sensitivity test as the gold standards. The results showed that among 197 suspected tuberculosis patients, 55 patients were not diagnosed with tuberculosis and 142 patients were diagnosed with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. One hundred and twenty three cases (86.62%) were positive for Xpert MTB/ RIF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, 15 cases (10.56%) were positive by acid-fast staining smear method, and 88 cases (61.97%) were positive by the liquid culture method. The positive rate of Xpert MTB / RIF was 93.18% (82 / 88), which was higher than that of 75.93% (41 / 54) of the negative BALF mycobacterium culture (χ 2 = 8.598, P<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF for rifampicin resistance were 100.00% and 97.30%, respectively. Therefore, the diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/RIF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for bacterialnegative pulmonary tuberculosis is superior to the acid-fast staining smear of lavage fluid and the mycobacterium culture method.