bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hand-eye calibration method and machine vision research based on sensor network
Authors: Ge Dongyuan , Xiang Wenjiang , Zhu Shixiong , Yao Xifan
Published: June 2023

With the promotion of Industry 4.0 reform, the trend of intelligent and precise production in the production workshop is gradually highlighted. This directly leads to higher requirements for robot hand eye coordination accuracy in automated workshops. In order to achieve more precise robot hand eye coordination control, this study designed a new mean calculation method based on the probability density theory, and designed a new mean robot hand eye calibration algorithm based on this. After the test, it is found that the translation error and rotation error calculated by the new mean algorithm are 0.26 and 0.92 respectively, which are significantly lower than other comparison algorithms when using all test samples of normal distribution. And the calculation time of the algorithm when using all the test samples is 2115 ms, which is also significantly lower than the comparison algorithm. The simulation results show that the new mean hand eye calibration method designed in this study can achieve more accurate hand eye coordination control of robots, and has certain application potential in high-precision industrial production scenarios.
Neural network-based motion vector estimation algorithm for dynamic image sequences
Authors: Zhang Yongjian
Published: June 2023

With the rapid development of deep learning, convolutional neural networks have gradually become the main means to extract features of dynamic image sequences. The motion vector estimation algorithm, as the key to the stability of image sequences, directly affects the performance of image stabilization systems, so the motion estimation algorithm for convolutional neural networks is necessary. The study proposes an improved convolutional neural network based on loss-free function, and applies it to the extraction of dynamic image features. On this basis, the motion estimation algorithm is then optimised by combining grey-scale projection and block matching methods. The experimental results show that the new loss-free function-based convolutional neural network has better recognition capability with an error rate of only 15% in dynamic image recognition. The accuracy of the optimised motion estimation algorithm is as high as 95.1% with a PSNR value of 16.636, which is higher than that of the traditional grey-scale projection algorithm. In terms of video processing, the improved algorithm has a higher PSNR value than the search block matching method, the bit-plane matching method and the full search block matching method, with a higher steady image accuracy and high operational efficiency, providing a new research idea for the improvement of motion estimation algorithms. In general, the proposed algorithm is a significant improvement over the current mainstream algorithms in terms of image accuracy, processing performance and number of operations, and it provides a new research idea for the improvement of motion estimation algorithms.
An integrated fuzzy group decision-making model for construction enterprise contractor selection based on EDAS method and Information entropy
Authors: Chen Xu
Published: June 2023

With the rapid development of China’s construction industry, the competition in the construction industry is becoming increasingly fierce. Enterprises need to continuously improve their competitiveness in the market. Some non-core businesses can be outsourced to professional contractors. At present, contractors have more and more influence on the operation and development of enterprises. Whether it is the construction period or the quality of the project, it will have a greater impact on the operation of the construction project. In the environment of increasingly fierce market competition and increasing project quality requirements, for the construction project contracting enterprises, in order to achieve the goal of low cost and high quality, it is necessary to select the most suitable contractor on the basis of comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. The construction enterprise contractor selection is a classical multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem. In recent years, the MAGDM problem has become an important research field in modern decision science. This paper extends the EDAS method to the 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy sets (2TLPFSs). On the basis of the original EDAS method, 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy EDAS (2TLPF-EDAS) is built for MAGDM. Finally, a case study for construction enterprise contractor selection and some comparative analysis with the other methods show that the new method proposed in this paper is effective, reasonable and accurate.
A digital exercise and augmented reality training system improved mobility among stroke patients: A randomized control trial
Authors: Evron Ilanit , Schwartz Oren , Sajina Anna , Grosman-Rimon Liza , Dudkiewicz Israel
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: The Selfit system was developed to improve the mobility and gait-related functions of stroke patients by providing digital exercises and augmented reality training system. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a digital exercise and augmented reality training system on mobility, gait-related functions and self-efficacy outcomes in stroke patients. METHODS: A randomized control trial was conducted on 25 men and women diagnosed with an early sub-acute stroke. Patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention (N= 11) or the control groups (N= 14). Patients in the intervention group received a digital exercise and augmented reality training using the Selfit system in addition to the standard physical therapy treatment. Patients in the control group were treated with a conventional physical therapy program. Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, 10-meter walk test, the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), and the Activity-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale were completed before and after the intervention. Feasibility and satisfaction among patients and therapists were also assessed after the completion of the study. RESULTS: The intervention group practiced proportionally more time per session than the control group with a mean change of 19.7% following 6 sessions (p= 0.002). The intervention group showed better improvement in post-TUG score compared to the control group (p= 0.04). ABC, DGI, and the 10-meter walk test scores were not significantly different between the groups. Both therapists and participants demonstrated high satisfaction with the Selfit system. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that Selfit holds promise as an effective intervention for improving mobility and gait-related functions among patients with an early sub-acute stroke as compared to conventional physical therapy treatments.
Construction of a prediction model for risk of early neurological deterioration following intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Mei , Liu Yali
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: The etiology of early neurological deterioration (END) occurring after intravenous thrombolysis is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors associated with END following intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke, and to construct a prediction model. METHODS: We selected a total of 321 patients with acute ischemic stroke, who were divided into two groups: the END group (n= 91) and the non-END group (n= 230). They were compared for their demographics, onset-to-needle time (ONT), door-to-needle time (DNT), related score results, and other data. The risk factors of the END group were identified using logistic regression analysis, and we constructed a nomogram model using the R software. A calibration curve was used to evaluate the calibration of the nomogram, and we assessed its clinical applicability using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: In our multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that four indexes, namely, complication with atrial fibrillation, post-thrombolysis National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, pre-thrombolysis systolic blood pressure (SBP), and serum albumin level, were independent risk factors for END following intravenous thrombolysis in the patients (P< 0.05). We constructed an individualized nomogram prediction model using the above four predictors. The AUC value of the nomogram model was 0.785 (95% CI: 0.727–0.845) after internal validation, and the mean absolute error (MAE) in the calibration curve was 0.011, which indicated that the nomogram model had good prediction value. The decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram model was clinically relevant. CONCLUSION: The model was found to have excellent value in clinical application and prediction of END. This will be beneficial for healthcare providers to develop individualized prevention measures for END in advance, and thus reduce the incidence of END following intravenous thrombolysis.
Malnutrition and its contributing factors for older people living in residential aged care facilities: Insights from natural language processing of aged care records
Authors: Alkhalaf Mohammad , Zhang Zhenyu , Chang Hui-Chen (Rita) , Wei Wenxi , Yin Mengyang , Deng Chao , Yu Ping
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a serious health risk facing older people living in residential aged care facilities. Aged care staff record observations and concerns about older people in electronic health records (EHR), including free-text progress notes. These insights are yet to be unleashed. OBJECTIVE: This study explored the risk factors for malnutrition in structured and unstructured electronic health data. METHODS: Data of weight loss and malnutrition were extracted from the de-identified EHR records of a large aged care organization in Australia. A literature review was conducted to identify causative factors for malnutrition. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques were applied to progress notes to extract these causative factors. The NLP performance was evaluated by the parameters of sensitivity, specificity and F1-Score. RESULTS: The NLP methods were highly accurate in extracting the key data, values for 46 causative variables, from the free-text client progress notes. Thirty three percent (1,469 out of 4,405) of the clients were malnourished. The structured, tabulated data only recorded 48% of these malnourished clients, far less than that (82%) identified from the progress notes, suggesting the importance of using NLP technology to uncover the information from nursing notes to fully understand the health status of the vulnerable older people in residential aged care. CONCLUSION: This study identified 33% of older people suffered from malnutrition, lower than those reported in the similar setting in previous studies. Our study demonstrates that NLP technology is important for uncovering the key information about health risks for older people in residential aged care. Future research can apply NLP to predict other health risks for older people in this setting.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA KARTU ANGKA BERGAMBAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL KONSEP BILANGAN DI PAUD KARYA BERSAMA DESA DARAT KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ILIR
Authors: Dilah Rau , Marlina Leny , Dewi Kurnia
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini berjudul Pengaruh penggunaan media kartu angka bergambar terhadap kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan di PAUD Karya Bersama Desa Darat Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui Pengaruh penggunaan media kartu angka bergambar terhadap kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan di PAUD Karya Bersama Desa Darat Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Pre- experimental dengan desain One Group Pre test - Post test.subjek penelitian iniadalah anak kelas A dengan jumlah 15 anak, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, tes, dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis. Setelah dilakukan teknik analisis data, maka diperoleh thitung=64.2260 > ttabel= 1.7011 maka dapat disimpulkan Ho di tolak artinya ada Pengaruh Media Kartu Angka Bergambar Terhadap Kemampuan Mengenal Konsep Bilangan Kelas A di PAUD Karya Bersama Desa Darat Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir.
Authors: Darmawanti Retno Risti
Published: June 2023

Salah satu faktor utama keberhasilan pendidikan adalah pola asuh orangtua, oleh sebab itu orangtua harus lebih memperlihatkan pola asuh yang diberikan kepada anak untuk membentuk karakter sejak dini, sehingga setelah anak tumbuh dewasa, ia akan tumbuh menjadi manusia yang berkarakter sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Selanjutnya, keterkaitan pola asuh orangtua dengan membentuk karakter anak usia dini dimaksudkan sebagai upaya orangtua dalam meletakkan dasar-dasar karakter pada diri anak, anak yang ditanamkan karakter sejak dini akan memiliki keteraturan diri berdasarkan nilai agama, nilai budaya, aturan-aturan pergaulan, pandangan hidup, dan sikap hidup yang bermakna bagi dirinya sendiri, masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpul data wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa anak telah mulai mampu berbicara sopan dan berperilaku yang baik kepada semua orang, memiliki sikap religius, mandiri, tidak egois, menghormati orang lain, serta disiplin dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Authors: Nisa Uswatun , Cahyo Edo Dwi
Published: June 2023

Perkembangan moral pada anak merupakan proses anak belajar tentang nilai moral dan etika, oleh sebab itu pengaruh perhatian orang tua pada anak akan berpengaruh pada perkembangan moralnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perhatian orang tua terhadap perkembangan moral anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan di TK Rejo Asri pada penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif dengan pendekatan Studi kasus. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Dan untuk uji validitas menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di TK Perintis Rejo Asri, dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak yang mengalami kurangnya perhatian orang tua berakibat pada perkembangan moral anak. Anak yang mendapatkan perhatian yang cukup akan berdampak besar terhadap karakter dan nilai-nilai moral yang dimiliki anak dimasa depan. Oleh karena itu orang tua adalah pengasuh dan panutan utama bagi anak-anaknya, dan mereka juga perlu memberikan perhatian yang memadai terhadap perkembangan moral anak-anaknya dengan memberikan nilai-nilai yang baik, memberikan pengawasan yang tepat, dan memberikan teladan perilaku yang baik secara konsisten.
Pembentukan Akhlak Mahmudah Perspektif Keluarga Maslahah sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Mukti Digdo Aji , Wijayati Mufliha , Maliki Ibnu Akbar
Published: June 2023

Covid-19 merupakan suatu wabah virus mematikan yang telah menjadi bencana dalam skala global. Berbagai upaya negara-negara di dunia telah dilakukan dalam rangka memutus penyebaran virus ini. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang terdampak dari virus ini. Salah satu langkah negara Indonesia dalam menghentikan penyebaran virus corona ialah dengan memberlakukan locldown dan social distancing. Kebijakan tersebut rupanya berdampak pada setiap aspek keidupan masyarakat, salah satunya ialah pendidikan. Pendidikan yang semula menggunakan sistem tatap muka beralih menjadi sistem online di rumah. Sistem pembelajaran tersebut membuat interaksi antara anak dengan orang tua menjadi lebih intens. Maka diperlukan suatu konsep pendidikan akhlak mahmudah yang bermuara pada timbulnya kepedulian sosial seorang anak dalam menghadapi masa pandemi Covid-19. Keluarga maslahah merupakan konsep keluarga yang bukan hanya mendatangkan manfaat pada keluarga saja, namun pada masyarakat secara umum. Artikel ini mengkaji bagaimana peran keluarga maslahah dalam membentuk akhlak mahmudah pada anak dalam menghadapi masa pandemi Covid-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akhlak mahmudah dalam perspektif keuarga maslahah dikonepsikan sebagai masalih usra (kemaslahatan bagi keluarga) dan kemaslahatan bagi masyarakat. Pembentukan akhlak mahmudah dalam keluarga maslahah dilakukan melalui dua instrumen, yakni melalui metode pendidikan dan pola relasinya.
Physiological basis of the contemporary human psyche imperfection
Authors: Kondratenko Viktoria , Slovianov Leonid
Published: June 2023

The article reveals the fundamental reasons for the emergence of problems that social development faces in modern society, related to human physiology. Understanding the nature of the human psyche and the adequate thinking algorithms open up the science prospects development. The article goal is to determine the root causes of these problems and the ways visible by the author to overcome the stagnation in the science development at the present stage, to a large extent generated by these causes. The author's method for solving the problem in a unique way combines views on the problem from different angles of fundamental sciences, combining them in a single solution in order to find a way out of the impasse in each of the sciences and the knowledge of nature as a whole.

The result of the study is also unique, because the author sees the ways to increase the efficiency of scientific research in the whole complex of fundamental sciences in the direction of the movement of scientific knowledge towards the goals defined by philosophical science, but undeservedly forgotten in daily scientific works. The problems of the human psyche imperfection are presented in an axiomatic format. The range of problems is outlined in a mathematical format according to the fundamental knowledge of philosophy, physics, biology, human physiology, medicine, and their author's systematization is also given below. It indicates the dead ends to which it can lead, and ways to eliminate the existing pressing problems. The drastic change and the rigid vector of the scientific research direction, proposed in the article, constitute its scientific novelty. As a result of a com prehensile analysis of these problems, the possibilities of overcoming this serious obstacle to social development are indicated.The practical significance of the article lies in the radical increase in the efficiency of scientific research, which is proved by the author.
Means and methods for testing bottom soils
Authors: Sukach Mykhailo
Published: June 2023

One of the main methods of engineering-geological studies of bottom soils is the selection of soil samples using marine samplers for their subsequent analysis in a ship laboratory.Marine samplers are devices that allow obtaining a surface sample of bottom sediments (grabs, dredges) or a soil sample (core) from a depth of up to 5...10 meters from the seabed surface (ground tubes, box-shaped samplers). The analysis of selected soil samples and the measurement of their strength properties are carried out by laboratory methods in on-board or coastal conditions. Sampling is the simplest and cheapest means of studying deep-sea soils and has been used only by oceanologists for a long time. Later, it began to be used in offshore exploration work on the shelf and in marine engineering and geological studies. The possibility of using sampling from non-specialized ships, the efficiency and relatively low cost of work have led to the widespread use of sampling in marine engineering practice. The disadvantages of sampling include the low accuracy of determining the physical and mechanical properties of bottom soils due to violations of the structure of samples during sampling (porosity, density, cohesion), as well as when they rise to the day surface due to changes in the envi15. ronment (pressure, temperature, etc.). etc.). Deep-sea sampling also allows you to analyze soils for particle size distribution, identify the main types, types and varieties of soils. The following samplers are used: types: soil tubes, clamshell, box-shaped, cassette, autonomous self-floating. Testing from underwater platforms and dredging are also used.
Corridor-type partition faucet with transverse porous partitions
Authors: Epoyan Stepan , Yarkin Vadym , Babenko Svetlana
Published: June 2023

The basics of the processes of mixing coagulants with water are given. Disadvantages of the partition mixer of the corridor type are shown. Ways to increase and regulate the intensity and time of mixing reagents with source water in the transverse porous partitions themselves are outlined. It is shown that it is possible to improve the flow distribution in the live section of the mixer corridors due to the use of porous polymer concrete in the manufacture of transverse partitions, and also that the phase of per kinetic coagulation coincides with the period of "rapid" mixing of the coagulant with water, which significantly affects the effectiveness of the coagulation water purification.

The first stage of research was carried out on a model of such a mixer on a scale of 1:4 with the aim of determining the local resistance of the porous partition. The porous partition is made of gravel with a size of 10...15 mm (average diameter 12.5 mm) and ED-20 brand epoxy resin with polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) hardener, approved by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine in domestic and drinking water supply systems.

Experimental studies have shown that the local resistance of the porous partition is quite large, therefore it is proposed to perform a part of the corridor-type partition mixer in pressure mode, that is, to perform such a mixer in pressure mode or partially in pressure mode, depending on the location of the porous partition.
Deactivation of liquid radioactive waste of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone: ways of solution
Authors:   State Institution ", Zabulonov Yu. ,   Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine",   , Kyiv, Melnychenko T. , Kadoshnikov V. , Peer I.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study: on the basis of information analysis of modern approaches and experimental studies, to develop effective methods of decontamination of radioactively contaminated waters of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Research materials and methods. The object of our research was liquid radioactive waste stored in the sumps of one of the decontamination points for equipment and vehicles (PuSO) - the "Dibrova" facility. Modern research methods are applied - scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, laser sedimentography. The mass fraction of cesium, strontium, cobalt, and manganese was determined by the atomic absorption method using an AA-8500 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Nippon Jarrell Ash Co Ltd, Japan). The results. The effectiveness of the proposed sorbents based on nickel-potassium ferrocyanide-modified iron oxide micro- and nanotubes and iron (III) hydroxide nanoparticles, the size of which is mainly 1-100 μm, is shown. The choice of decontamination algorithm depends on the composition of liquid radioactive waste to be cleaned. To increase the degree of strontium extraction while maintaining the high efficiency of cesium and transition metal extraction, it is advisable to apply preliminary plasma chemical treatment followed by the use of sorbents based on iron oxides/hydroxides modified by ferrocyanides. Conclusions. The possibility and expediency of using the proposed method for the decontamination of liquid radioactive waste accumulated in the Chernobyl exclusion zone and for the current control of the condition of the storage sites of accumulated radioactive waste and radiation monitoring are shown.
On the relevance of the introduction of gluten-free school meals
Authors:   State Institution ", Petrenko O.D. ,   O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Hulich M.P. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Liubarska L.S. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU"
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study was to determine the possibility of providing children who need a gluten-free diet with appropriate nutrition in the conditions of a general secondary education institution. Research materials and methods. A sociological survey of parents was conducted regarding the main problems of providing nutrition to children who need dietary nutrition in the conditions of a general educational institution. The development of the sample diet was carried out on the basis of approved and published on the website of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine "Technological maps of dishes and drinks intended for the organization of school meals", as well as recipes and technological maps of dishes from other official printed sources, taking into account the requirements of current regulatory documents and dietary recommendations. The calculation of the daily set of products, food and energy value was carried out taking into account data from the tables of the chemical composition of products and the norms of physiological needs of different age groups of children. The results. According to the results of the conducted research, the possibility and expediency of developing a menu for the organization of gluten-free food in the conditions of general secondary education institutions was determined. A sample menu for organized nutrition of children of different age groups has been developed, taking into account the requirements of current regulatory documents. The compliance of the developed menu with the requirements of the current regulatory documents on the product set, indicators of nutritional and energy value has been proven. Conclusions. The results of the work indicate the possibility and expediency of developing a menu for the organization of food for children with special dietary needs in the conditions of a general secondary education institution, which will facilitate the child's socialization and help him integrate into society.
Confirming Dr. Lisa Cook to the Fed
Authors: Dougherty Carter
Published: June 2023

On May 10, 2022, Dr. Lisa Cook was confirmed by a 51-50 vote in the U.S. Senate as the first Black woman to join the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. A coalition of groups supporting her nomination worked to counter attacks from Republican senators with a track record of targeting nominees of color and to contain the impact of right-wing critics on social media. A comprehensive communications strategy built around emphasizing her experience and expertise included tactics to prevent racialized attacks on Dr. Cook from becoming mainstream. Identifying a clear opposing figure, depriving social media trolls of amplification, and turning the phenomenon of white privilege to her advantage all played a role in the public interest communications strategy that aided Dr. Cook’s successful confirmation.
The missile nuclear problem of North Korea as a key factor in the destabilization of Northeast Asia
Authors: Sik К. D.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the missile and nuclear problem of North Korea from the point of view of its impact on the security situation in the modern globalized world. The methodology is based on the use of methods from the field of political science: the method of comparative-institutional analysis, the classical normative-institutional method of the normative approach. When solving the tasks, the theoretical research method was applied: synthesis and analysis of scientific literature for the theoretical basis of the research, qualitative content analysis of media publications, generalization of the analysis results. The method of deduction was used to identify the characteristic features of cultural journalism. Scientific novely. The key factors of destabilization and conflict on the Korean Peninsula are analyzed. It is shown that the missile and nuclear problem of North Korea is the cause of confrontation not only between the USA - the DPRK, the Republic of Korea - the DPRK, but also between the blocs of the USA - the Republic of Korea - Japan and China - the DPRK. It was determined that a characteristic feature of the policy of states with nuclear missile complexes is the tendency to mostly observe the norms of international legal regulation of nuclear policy, which affected the low global trend of the proliferation of nuclear missile weapons. Conclusions. It is proved that the study of scientific approaches confirms the existence of a common position of scientists regarding the peculiarities of the types of political regimes of states under which the state can be a potential participant in missile and nuclear policy as a subject. In particular, it should be summarized that among such states, states with democratic regimes (USA, Great Britain, France, etc.) are in the lead, but states with authoritarian and totalitarian regimes are represented in a smaller number among subjects of missile and nuclear policy (PRC, DPRK).
Conceptual basis of state policy in the sphere of museum affair
Authors: Komova O. S.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is the analysis of the conceptual bases and directions of implementation of state policy in the museum sphere, as well as the definition of practical state management concepts in the sphere of museum affairs in Ukraine. The methodology is based on the use of problem-oriented approaches, which are based on the systematic and legal analysis of normative legal acts with the aim of improving state-management decisions as the main direction of the state’s regulatory activity. The following methods were used: interpretative-analytical, comparative-historical analysis, theoretical generalization, historical-comparative, historical-typological, historical-legal, statistical. Scientific novely. The article, based on the analysis of existing scientific works, defines the main directions of state policy in the museum sphere in general, and in the direction of preservation of monuments of material culture in particular. Prospects for improving state support for the educational activities of modern museums are also determined; attention is also focused on the positive experience of organizing cultural and educational activities of foreign museums in the context of preserving the cultural self-identification of society. Conclusions. It is emphasized that in order to ensure state management of socio-cultural processes in the context of museum development, Ukraine should focus on the implementation of innovative forms and methods of state management of the museum industry, which are based on world experience. The conceptual foundations of state policy in the field of museum affairs should be: analysis of the work of museum institutions with the determination of measures to improve their activities; development of measures to ensure the protection of monuments of museum funds; prevention of theft of historical and cultural values located in museums; replacement of security guards with technical ones; provision of financial resources for the creation of new exhibitions in museums; equipping museums with alarm systems and video surveillance; creation of a list of measures regarding the initiative of new expositions and exhibitions that will show the heroism of the defenders of the sovereignty of Ukraine.
Activities of the Red Cross Society in Ukraine during the First World war
Authors: Orekhovsky V. O.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to reveal the main areas of activity of the Red Cross Society in Ukraine during the First World War (1914–1918). The author made an attempt, based on both published and unpublished sources, to characterize the multifaceted work of the Society directly in the theater of operations (the South-Western Front), as well as to highlight the main areas of activity of the Red Cross beyond the front lines. Methodology. In the research process, the path of dominance of the following principles was chosen: the principle of historicism, the principle of objectivity, comprehensiveness and integrity of the source. As part of the study of the history of the Society, general scientific research methods were used, such as induction and deduction. Scientific novelty. The article presents an analysis of the main areas of work of the Red Cross society, namely: evacuation of the wounded and sick from advanced positions; their further treatment in rear medical facilities; rehabilitation of the wounded, sick and disabled; assistance to prisoners of war; providing assistance to the civilian population; international activity of the Society. An assessment of the effectiveness of the society’s social and humanitarian activities in helping victims of famine, epidemic diseases, natural disasters and preparing the population for the protection of the state and its cooperation with military societies is given. Research results. Researched: the process of evolution of the organizational structure of the Society in 1914–1918, sources of funding for the activities of the Red Cross; the main directions of his activity both in advanced positions and beyond. It is emphasized that the insufficient effectiveness of state structures in the organization of medical and sanitary economy led to the fact that the Society partially intercepts these functions, turning out in many cases to be competitors and even monopolists in some fields of medical and not only medical care.
Historical stages of the establishment of extreme tourism
Authors: Tsypko V. V.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to determine the features of extreme tourism as an actual form of recreational activity, emphasizing the historical principles of its formation in the past and the uniqueness of its development in modern societyIn order to achieve the set goal, it is planned to solve the following tasks: 1) to define the essence of extreme tourism; 2) to investigate the process of historical formation and development of extreme tourism; 3) define and analyze modern types of extreme tourism: water, land, mountain, air, exotic; 4) to identify and characterize risk factors in extreme tourism according to their nature; 5) highlight the conditions for the development of extreme tourism; 6) state the prospects for the development of extreme tourism. Research methods and methodology. The methodological basis of the work: observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, the method of theoretical research.System-structural, structural-geographic and landscape-dynamic methodological approaches were used in the process of researching the possibilities of extreme tourism developmentThe methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity and scientificity. Scientific novelty. The scientific study emphasizes the role of extreme tourism in society as a form of recreational activity, analyzes 112Вісник КНЛУ. Серія Історія, економіка, філософія. Випуск 28. 2023its varieties according to directions: water, land, mountain, air, exotic. Attention is focused on the historical uniqueness of the emergence and formation of extreme tourism. Research results. The study emphasizes the peculiarity and perspective of the development of extreme tourism, as one of the most dangerous types of tourism. All types of dangers in extreme tourism are classified according to the nature of the phenomenon and the role of tourists in the occurrence of a dangerous situation. Risk factors in extreme tourism are classified by their nature. The areas of improvement and conditions for the development of extreme tourism in Europe in accordance with the use of tourist and recreational resources are proposed in the study.
Food-away-from-home acquisition trends throughout the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Marchesi Keenan , McLaughlin Patrick W. (Patrick Wade)
Published: June 2023

"The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the ensuing policy responses disrupted how consumers in the United States acquired food away from home, and little is known about how they continued to access these goods. This report summarizes national-level trends in dollars U.S. consumers spent from December 2019-February 2020 through April-June 2022 at quick- and full-service restaurants by service mode (on-premise, drive-thru, delivery, and carry-out) and acquisition and ordering method. Results show that while on-premises (eating inside a restaurant) spending fell at quick- and full-service restaurants, spending at full-service restaurants remained much lower than pre-pandemic spending levels. USDA, Economic Research Service researchers found that consumers quickly adapted to other service modes, like delivery or drive-thru, and this offset many of the losses observed in spending at quick-service restaurants. The authors also observed that consumers increased spending via cell phone apps for carry-out and delivery orders at both types of restaurants relative to pre-pandemic spending. In short, while consumers' restaurant spending largely returned to pre-pandemic levels, many of the ways that consumers interacted with quick- and full-service restaurants immediately following the onset of the pandemic remained."
prevalence of the "natural" claim on food product packaging
Authors: Kuchler Fred , Sweitzer Megan , Chelius Carolyn
Published: June 2023

U.S. food suppliers make claims about their production processes on food packaging that highlight attributes some consumers want while charging a higher price than for unlabeled products. Some labels use such claims as "USDA Organic" and "raised without antibiotics," which require different and more expensive production techniques than conventional agriculture. However, food suppliers can use the label that claims the food is "natural" at a relatively low cost because regulatory agencies treat the claim as meaning nothing artificial was added and the product was minimally processed. Numerous consumer food choice studies concluded that consumers equate the natural label on food with healthier food choices and more costly production practices that signify environmental stewardship. Informed by these previous studies' findings, the authors of this report estimate the frequency with which food suppliers make the natural claim on food packaging labels. Estimates are based on scanner data and comprehensive label data. Across all foods in 2018, 16.3 percent of retail food expenditures and 16.9 percent of all items purchased (unit sales) were for foods labeled natural, whereas 11.0 percent of Universal Product Codes (UPC) in stores were labeled natural on the packaging. Expenditures for food labeled natural were larger than expenditures for foods labeled USDA Organic. Natural labels were found predominately on processed products. For example, 95.6 percent of expenditures for vitamins and meal supplements were for products labeled natural, compared with 0.5 percent of expenditures for potatoes
«МАЛЕНЬКА» ТРАГЕДІЯ НА УЗБІЧЧІ «ВЕЛИКИХ ІСТОРІЙ»: ГЕНОЦИД РОМІВ НА ВОЛИНІ (1941–1944 РР.)
Authors: Тяглий Михайло
Published: June 2023

Під час Другої світової війни Волинь була ареною жорстокого насильства та запеклого протистояння між різними групами. Жертвами у багатьох випадках було цивільне населення. У той час як доля багатьох груп привертає увагу істориків і є предметом гострих публічних дискусій, доля ромів, незначної меншини, залишається в тіні. Між тим ця група зазнала під час війни майже поголовної загибелі, а переслідування цієї меншини носило ознаки геноциду. Щоб дослідити питання формування окупаційної антиромської політики та долі оголошених «небажаним елементом», автор аналізує комбінацію чинників, які відіграли роль у цій ситуації: (1) неоднорідність ромів як групи призвела до подекуди неоднакового ставлення до її членів під час екстреми, адже фактор «кочового» або «осілого» способу життя ромів мав значення принаймні для частини окупаційної адміністрації; (2) обов’язки різних гілок окупаційної влади: як німецької цивільної адміністрації, так і органів СС-поліції, що передбачало спочатку різні підходи до «циганського питання», які незабаром узгоджувалися та уніфікувалися завдяки першості повноважень СС-поліції у вирішення «питань безпеки»; (3) недостатня чіткість та вичерпність вказівок з «циганського питання» з Берліну компенсувалася ініціативами місцевої влади, яка розглядала це питання відповідно до власних потреб та місцевих умов; (4) позиція місцевого населення, як його цивільної частини, так і тої, яка брала участь у окупаційному адміністративному та поліцейському апараті, значною мірою вдосконалила механізм переслідувань, допомагаючи окупантам ефективно «розв’язати» «циганське питання»; проте значна близькість принаймні частини ромської спільноти до місцевих мешканців обумовила подекуди широке надання допомоги жертвам; (5) позиція незалежних колективних воєнно-політичних акторів (українського та радянського партизанського руху), яка уможливила рятування лише певних частин ромської спільноти. Тема розглядається в контексті розвитку ситуації на Волині та ескалації насильства в регіоні, включаючи його найтрагічніші епізоди, якими стали «остаточне розв’язання єврейського питання» та Волинська трагедія.
БЛАГОДІЙНІСТЬ У ХАРКОВІ В ХІХ СТОЛІТТІ
Authors: Баличева Лариса
Published: June 2023

У статті на основі широкого кола наукової літератури та періодики розкриті мотиви, засоби та напрями приватної та суспільної благодійності представників української ліберальної інтелігенції та соціально орієнтованих підприємців у ХІХ столітті, наведено дефініції понять «благодійність», «доброчинність», «меценатство». Методологія дослідження базується на принципах історизму та об’єктивності. Стаття спирається переважно на порівняльно-типологічний та історико-культурний підходи, а також на елементи ретроспективного методу історичного краєзнавства. Результати проведеного дослідження дозволили дійти висновку, що традиція благодійності була сформована в українському суспільстві здавна і носила церковно-громадський характер. Церква як осередок християнської моралі стала рушійною силою в поширенні цілеспрямованої турботи про немічних та знедолених. З кінця ХVІІІ століття благодійність поступово ставала інтенсивнішою, що було пов’язано із соціальними та економічними трансформаціями, які відбувалися у суспільстві. Встановлено, що основними напрямами приватної та суспільної благодійності було створення та будівництво сиротинців, відкриття шкіл, гімназій для малозабезпечених прошарків населення, створення лікарень, допомога суспільно незахищеним групам населення під час епідемій та голоду, заснування та фінансування різноманітних професійно-технічних і комерційних навчальних закладів та підтримка студентства, організація спеціальних попечительств, комітетів, товариств та фондів. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що протягом ХІХ століття, незважаючи на традиційні мотивації, такі як власні амбіції, пожертви на увічнення пам’яті улюбленої дружини, дитини, батька, релігійні переконання, думки про посильну допомогу нужденним, першочерговим стає сприяння освіті, охороні здоров’я, розвитку мережі закладів із догляду за дітьми робітників. Завдяки появі нової групи соціально орієнтованих підприємців Харкова громадська благодійність у зазначений період трансформувалася та мала інноваційний характер і проявлялася насамперед у нових організаційних формах. Підсумовуючи, варто підкреслити, що уроки минулого унаочнюють принципи поведінки сучасників та дають спільноті ідейно-моральне та соціальне підґрунтя для поширення благодійництва під час економічних криз, епідемій та війн.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО СУДОЧИНСТВА НІМЕЦЬКОЮ ОКУПАЦІЙНОЮ АДМІНІСТРАЦІЄЮ НА ТЕРЕНАХ СУЧАСНИХ ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОЇ ТА СУМСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТЕЙ (1941–1943 РР.)
Authors: Іваненко Аліна
Published: June 2023

У статті йдеться про те, що разом з окупацією нацистські лідери зустрілися з необхідністю нормативно-правового врегулювання соціальних відносин у місцевому середовищі, зокрема й суто кримінальних. Ситуація зі зростанням злочинності на початковому етапі окупації була вирішена винятково силовими, репресивно-каральними засобами і, безперечно, що ні про які судові процеси при цьому не йшлося. Але згодом стало зрозуміло, що всі ці процеси потрібно регулювати не лише репресивно-каральними, а й легітимними цивілізованими методами, бо наряду з тяжкими злочинами у переважній більшості місцевими жителями вчились і дрібні правопорушеннями. Оскільки ці злочини не становили великої суспільної небезпеки, їх розгляд і делегувався місцевим кримінальним судам чи передавався уповноваженим структурам та посадовим особам органів місцевого управління. А їхню діяльність потрібно було регулювати нормативно-правовими актами, які необхідно було створювати. У статті зазначається, що питанням дослідження кримінального судочинства та нормативно-правової бази для провадження кримінального судочинства на окупованій території України займались деякі вітчизняні дослідники, такі як Гончаренко О., Іваненко А., Колісник Н. Але зазначені публікації територіально не обмежені виключно територією військової зони окупації, а й територію Райхскомісаріату «Україна», окрім того, за сферою дії, не лише кримінальну галузь права, а й цивільну. У висновках авторка зазначає, що на теренах відповідальності польових комендатур створювалися власні нормативно-правові акти, які врегульовували відповідні правовідносини в місцевому соціумі. До того ж, на відміну від Райхскомісаріату «Україна», німецькі управлінці делегували право ініціативи створення нормативної бази місцевій владі, звісно, ретельно перевіряючи та санкціонуючи її видання. Нормативна база у військовій зоні окупації, до якої входили в тому числі і території, які визначені географічними межами даного дослідження (Чернігівська і Сумська області), не мала сталого вигляду, постійно вдосконалювалася, через що правові санкції, закладені у неї, могли суттєво відрізнятися.
ПЕРЕДУМОВИ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ТА ПІДГОТОВКА РАДЯНСЬКИХ ВІЙСЬК ДО ХАРКІВСЬКОЇ НАСТУПАЛЬНОЇ ОПЕРАЦІЇ 1942 РОКУ
Authors: Кузнєцов Михайло
Published: June 2023

Стаття висвітлює важливість якісного планування наступальної операції, недоліки, які були допущені військово-політичним керівництвом Союзу Радянських Соціалістичних Республік (Радянський Союз) при плануванні наступальної операції під Харковом у травні 1942 року, та передумови, що сприяли поразці радянсь- ких військ. Планування військових операцій – це важливий етап у будь-якому військовому конфлікті, оскільки якісно спланована операція може значно зменшити ризики для військовослужбовців і максимально ефективно виконати поставлені завдання. Основна мета наступальної операції – це перемога, яка може бути досягнута за наявності якісно продуманого плану, врахування можливих ризиків та загроз, які можуть виникнути під час її проведення. Однією із головних переваг якісного планування є те, що воно дозволяє зменшити витрати, пов’язані з проведенням операції, та знизити кількість жертв серед військовослужбовців. Планування також дозволяє зменшити час на виконання завдання та підвищити ефективність військової операції. Однією з наступальних операцій робітничо-селянської червоної армії (РСЧА) під час Другої світової війни була Харківська операція у травні 1942 року. Великий внесок у перемогу у Другій світовій війні на німецько-радянському фронті зробила Україна. Сотні тисяч людей, як військовослужбовців, так і цивільних віддали своє життя у боротьбі з нацистською Німеччиною та її союзниками. Встановлено, що 1942 рік – це рік багатьох переломних подій тієї війни, які в майбутньому мали значення для світу та України зокрема. Представниками Радянського Союзу, Сполучених Штатів Америки, Великої Британії і Республіки Китай підписано Декларацію Об’єднаних Націй, контрнаступ радянських військ після битви під Москвою та спростування міфу про непереможність німецької армії, битва за атол Мідвей, створення української повстанської армії, контрнаступ радянських військ під Сталінградом. Зосереджено увагу на Другій Харківській битві та операції «Фрідерікус-1», результати проведення яких безпосередньо сприяли подальшому наступу країн нацистського блоку вглиб території Радянського Союзу. З’ясовано, що під впливом ейфорії від перших перемог військово-політичне керівництво Радянського Союзу було впевнене в перемозі над військами Вермахту вже у 1942 році.