bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Resin-Based Dental Sealant Containing Vanillin on Biofilm Formation of Candida albicans
Authors: Thaweboon Boonyanit , Thaweboon Sroisiri
Published: November 2021

Early childhood caries (ECC), or baby bottle tooth decay is one of the most common chronic diseases that affect young children at 6 years of age or younger. The disease is resulted from complex interactions between tooth structures and cariogenic microorganisms in dental biofilm after exposure to fermentable carbohydrates through improper feeding practices. This leads to a rapid development of demineralization of teeth shortly after they erupt in the oral cavity. Candida albicans have been reported recently to be associated with the pathogenesis of ECC. One of the general approaches currently used for the prevention of ECC is the application of dental sealant to occlusal (chewing surface) pits and fissures of caries-susceptible teeth. Many types of dental sealants have been extensively used and various antimicrobial agents were introduced to dental sealants to increase their caries preventive effect. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of vanillin incorporated resin-based dental sealant on C. albicans biofilm. Resin-based dental sealants (Clinpro; 3M ESPE, USA) containing different concentrations of vanillin (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 5% w/v) were prepared in 96-well plate. The suspension (107 colony forming unit/mL) of each strain of Candida albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 18804 and 2 clinical isolates) was added to saliva-coated sealant resin samples and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere for 24 h to allow the Candida biofilm formation. The quantity of vital biofilm was determined by WST Microbial Cell Counting Kit (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, USA) at 460 nm. All tests were done in triplicate and repeated three times. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s method were used to account for multiple comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05. The results showed that 0.5-5% vanillin-incorporated dental sealant resins showed a significant suppressive effect against all strains of Candida. No significant differences of anti-biofilm effects were found among Candida strains. Approximately 30-50% Candida biofilm reduction was noticed in sealant resins containing vanillin compared with controls without vanillin. In conclusion, the adding of vanillin (0.5-5% w/v) to dental sealant resins is effective in inhibiting biofilm formation of fungus related to early childhood caries, C. albicans. Therefore, the use of dental sealants containing vanillin has the potential to prevent this type of dental caries in young children and biofilm formation by oral Candida. Further clinical studies are required to investigate physical properties of this sealant and clinical evaluation in the patients.
Experimental Evaluation of Moisture Damage and Rutting Resistance for SBS Modified Warm Mix Asphalt Incorporating Recycled Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Ismael Mohammed Qadir
Published: November 2021

The efforts embedded in this paper have been devoted to designing, preparing, and testing warm mix asphalt (WMA) mixtures and comparing their behavior against traditional hot mix asphalt mixtures. For WMA preparation, the Sasobit wax additive has been added to a 40/50 asphalt binder with a concentration of 3%. An experimental evaluation has been performed by conducting the Marshall together with volumetric properties, indirect tensile strength, and wheel tracking tests to acquire the tensile strength ratio (TSR), retained stability index (RSI), and rut depth. It was found that the gained benefit of reduction in mixing and compaction temperatures was reversely associated with a noticeable decline in Marshall properties and moisture susceptibility indices designated by TSR, and RSI, and even the rut resistance was adversely affected. Modification of WMA mixtures by 3% of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) polymer coupled with replacement of virgin ingredient by 50% of recycled asphalt concrete granted a 20% and 15% growth in Marshall stability and tensile strength, respectively. Moreover, both TSR and IRS indices have risen to 87% and 90%, respectively associated with a 39% increase in rutting resistance ability.
The Method of Constructing a Multidimensional Model for Finding the Values of the Parameters of the Incremental Sheet Forming Process
Authors: Kosimov Nodirbek , Bhandari Krishna Singh , Jung Dong Won
Published: November 2021

The object of research is geometric models of the process of incremental forming of parts from sheet material. The subject of research is a graphical model for finding the optimal values of the parameters of the forming process based on multidimensional descriptive geometry. The author of the article discusses the main optimizing factors and process parameters. Particular attention was paid to the problems of constructing geometric models for determining the optimizing factors for incremental forming. The research method is a way of constructing a graphical optimization model of the process using the projection drawing of Radishchev for multidimensional space. Mathematical modeling was also applied to check the correctness of the obtained optimal parameters.
Increased Visit-to-Visit Liver Enzyme Variability Is Associated with Incident Diabetes: A Community-Based 12-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bang Kyuhoon , Jun Ji Eun , Jeong In-Kyung , Ahn Kyu Jeung , Chung Ho Yeon , Hwang You-Cheol
Published: November 2021

Background: Fatty liver and/or increased liver enzyme values have been reported to be associated with incident diabetes. We sought to determine whether increased visit-to-visit liver enzyme variability is associated with incident diabetes.Methods: Study participants were recruited from the Korean Genome and Epidemiologic Study (KoGES). A total of 4,151 people aged 40 to 69 years was recruited and tested every 2 years for up to 12 years. Visit-to-visit aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) variability was evaluated in first the 6-year period through the use of various variability measurements: standard deviation (SD), average successive variability, coefficient of variation (CV), and variation independent of mean (VIM). Oral glucose tolerance test was performed at every visit.Results: During the 6-year follow‐up appointments, 13.0% (538/4,151) of people developed incident diabetes. Visit-to-visit AST variability was associated with an increased risk of diabetes independent of conventional risk factors for diabetes (hazard ratio per 1-SD increment [95% confidence interval]: 1.06 [1.00 to 1.11], 1.12 [1.04 to 1.21], and 1.13 [1.04 to 1.22] for SD, CV, and VIM, respectively; all P<0.05); however, no such associations were observed in the visit-to-visit ALT variability. According to alcohol consumption status, both AST and ALT variability were independent predictors for incident diabetes in subjects with heavy alcohol consumption; however, neither AST nor ALT variability was associated with diabetes risk in subjects who did not drink alcohol heavily.Conclusion: Visit-to-visit liver enzyme variability is an independent predictor of incident diabetes. Such association was more evident in those who consumed significant amounts of alcohol.
Mitochondrial TFAM as a Signaling Regulator between Cellular Organelles: A Perspective on Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Koh Jin-Ho , Kim Yong-Woon , Seo Dae-Yun , Sohn Tae-Seo
Published: November 2021

Tissues actively involved in energy metabolism are more likely to face metabolic challenges from bioenergetic substrates and are susceptible to mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to metabolic diseases. The mitochondria receive signals regarding the metabolic states in cells and transmit them to the nucleus or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using calcium (Ca2+) for appropriate responses. Overflux of Ca2+ in the mitochondria or dysregulation of the signaling to the nucleus and ER could increase the incidence of metabolic diseases including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) may regulate Ca2+ flux via changing the mitochondrial membrane potential and signals to other organelles such as the nucleus and ER. Since Tfam is involved in metabolic function in the mitochondria, here, we discuss the contribution of Tfam in coordinating mitochondria-ER activities for Ca2+ flux and describe the mechanisms by which Tfam affects mitochondrial Ca2+ flux in response to metabolic challenges.
A randomized control trial comparing the efficacy of 3Mixtatin and Modified 3Mix-MP paste using lesion sterilization and tissue repair technique to conventional root canal treatment in primary molars of children aged 4–8 years
Authors: Thakur Seema , Deep Aman , Singhal Parul , Chauhan Deepak
Published: November 2021

Background:

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic success rates of 3Mixtatin and Modified 3Mix-MP paste and compare it with conventional root canal treatment procedure in primary molars requiring pulpectomy.

Materials and Methods:

In this in vivo study, 66 primary molars in 52 children aged between 4 and 8 years with primary molars having chronic periapical abscess were treated randomly with 3Mixtatin, Modified 3Mix-MP paste, and Metapex. The subjects were reviewed at 6 and 12 months both clinically and radiographically after pulpal therapy to evaluate and compare the healing process. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis at a significance level of 0.05.

Results:

By the end of 12-month follow-up among the three groups, Group I seemed to be performing consistently better as compared to the other two groups when evaluated clinically and radiographically. However, Group III resulted in the greatest number of failures, with success rate being mere 42.9% at the end of follow-up period.

Conclusion:

Radiographic and clinical healing occurred in all the three groups; however, based on our results, Group I seemed to be performing consistently better among the three groups at 12-month follow-up. Hence, it can be inferred that 3Mixtatin used as a localized agent is effective and comparable to both Modified 3Mix-MP paste and conventional pulpectomy procedure involving calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste in primary teeth.
Dental management of tricho-dento-osseous syndrome in adolescent patients
Authors: Fazel Mojtaba , Afshari Elham , Jarrahi Neda
Published: November 2021

Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome (TDO) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with complete penetrance. Common clinical features include abnormalities of hair, teeth, and skull. Dental management of TDO patients is quite challenging in terms of existing dental and skeletal problems. The current article presents a 12-year-old girl suffering TDO, followed by a review on the published literature pertaining to the dental management of TDO patients. Patient history included, rejected corneal transplantation, stone-forming kidneys, and several previous dental treatments. She was noted to have signs of mandibular prognatia, frontal bossing of the skull, mild bilateral tibial bowing, microstomia, and labial fissures. Dental findings included severe generalized enamel defects, discolored teeth, microdontia, anterior open-bite, posterior cross-bite, deep periodontal pockets, hyperplastic inflamed gingiva, taurodontism of permanent molars, dental periapical radiolucencies, and missing teeth. She was the only child of healthy, nonconsanguineous parents with no familial history of similar congenital syndrome or dental abnormalities. A treatment plan was established based on medical/dental history and findings, using a team-based approach. This article emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for the dental management of patients suffering TDO.
Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs on Circadian Variation of Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Controlled Hypertensive Individuals
Authors: Nikalje Anand , Manoj Rohit Jacob
Published: November 2021

Background:

Rewinding back a 100 years ago, Riva Rocci introduced the meticulous way of measuring blood pressure (BP) in clinical practice. With recent years, ambulatory BP monitoring came into existence which is still not used routinely in the management of hypertension. This thought led to the commencement of our study to analyze the variations in ambulatory BP recording over a 24-h cycle.

Objectives:

The objectives of the study are to determine the BP differences throughout the circadian cycle and to analyze the variations in circadian rhythm due to various antihypertensive drugs.

Methods:

On the first visit to the Medicine Outpatient Department, patient's medical history was recorded. Three readings of office BP were recorded using a sphygmomanometer. The patient was then provided with the ambulatory BP monitoring device, sent home and asked to follow-up after 24 h and the report was recorded.

Results:

On comparing the nocturnal pattern among candidates taking single versus combination drug, the dip was found to be in 31.7% in patients on single drug compared to 38.6% combination therapy. The surge in BP was seen in 56.8% of patients on single-drug therapy compared to 43.3% patients on combination drug therapy.

Conclusion:

Single-drug therapy for hypertension did not show a significant nocturnal pattern compared to the combination drug therapy for hypertension. The presence of the risk factors such as obesity smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, family history, and chronic kidney disease showed a presence of dipping and nondipping pattern in BP.
Evaluating Upper Lip Changes During Smiling and at Rest in Indian Population
Authors: Dahiya Sagar , Negi Gunjan , Dahiya Kirti , Mathur Anirudh K. , Chitra Prasad
Published: November 2021

Context:

Smile aesthetics is one of the major goals to be achieved after orthodontic mechanotherapy as it visibly displays the results of orthodontic treatment. Although orthodontic retainers aid in maintaining post-treatment occlusion, soft tissue function and aesthetics, appropriate knowledge of smile changes with age can help orthodontists to obtain stable and aesthetically appealing treatment results.

Aim:

To assess and quantify soft tissue changes in the upper lip in vertical dimension at both repose and maximum smiling and to evaluate changes occurring with the smile index and upper lip with age and sex in subjects of Indian origin.

Settings:

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.

Design:

Observational study

Methods and Materials:

A total of 160 volunteers (80 males and 80 females) selected and were divided into 4 groups according to age and were further divided into 2 sub-groups according to gender. Thirteen measurements of relaxed and smiling upper lip were taken with a calibrated metal ruler and divider directly on the subjects.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done followed by post hoc test to determine which groups were significant from others. Levene's test was done to assess equality of variance and t-test for equality of means was done.

Results:

Statistically significant results were obtained in between groups and sub-groups for parameters like smile index, upper lip elevation while smiling and smile pattern in males and females changing with increase in age.

Conclusions:

High smile patterns with more vertical smile are more common among females and low smile patterns are more common among males. With age, the smile tends to be more horizontal in both genders.
Hydroxychloroquine- A New Treatment Option for Erosive Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Raj Subash Chandra , Baral Debajani , Garhnayak Lokanath , Mahapatra Annuroopa , Patnaik Kaushik , Tabassum Shaheda , Dash Jayant Kumar
Published: November 2021

Context:

Oral Lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, debilitating, immune-mediated disease whose management is considered a challenge in medical science.

Aims:

To quantitatively evaluate the effect of administration of enteral hydroxychloroquine (HCQS) as a monotherapy for six months on the extent and severity of erosive OLP using reticular score, erythema score and ulcerative score (REU score), and to subjectively evaluate the success of HCQS as a therapeutic drug for OLP-e using Tel Aviv-San Francisco Scale, visual analogue scale (VAS) and severity of burning sensation (BURN score).

Settings and Design:

Prospective clinical trial.

Methods and Material:

A total of 45 subjects received 200 mg of HCQS bid for six months. REU, VAS, BURN scores and Tel Aviv-San Francisco Scale readings were taken at the beginning of the study (baseline) and three- and six-month intervals post administration of enteral HCQS. Subjects were examined for any adverse drug outcomes for one year after the cessation of enteric HCQS therapy. Data were analysed with SPSS version 25.

Results:

There was a stark reduction in REU, VAS and BURN scores during the study period, with a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.05) seen at three- and six-month time intervals as compared to baseline. Further, the mean of change in R, E and U scores showed a statistically significant difference, with the highest reduction seen at baseline to six-month time interval. The Tel Aviv-San Francisco Scale showed 70%–100% remission in disease in more than 70% of subjects.

Conclusions:

Enteral HCQS can be considered a viable treatment option for the enigma that is erosive OLP.
Automated Drawing Tube (Camera Lucida) Method in Light Microscopy Images Analysis Can Comes True
Authors: Vahabi Fatemeh , Kermani Saeed , Vahabi Zahra , Pestechian Nader
Published: November 2021

Background:

In a light microscope, image acquisition with different component depths is difficult, and there are various approaches for solving this problem. One of the common approaches is Camera Lucida (CL). This method has some disadvantages such as time-consuming, handed problems in painting, causing user boring, and produce gray scale output images.

Aims and Objectives:

In this study, we purposed a novel-combined hardware and software method. In this article, we try to present an automated method for our designed microscope.

Materials and Methods:

We have done a project with designed code number 377,694 to design and implement an upgraded light microscope. That project was about automatic movement of a stage with closed-looped control of a servomotor. Furthermore, automated camera catches images in predefined positions. That project has acceptable results in different parts, which encourage us to work on this study. This study help specialist have good fixative of all components in a sample. It is about trying to have useful Lucida Camera (drawing tube) in an automated scheme.

Results:

This method is an acceptable usual way for microscopic specialists, but with some disadvantages. It is time-consuming and boring that effect on the accuracy of results. Hence, how can be good if automated similar method could be implemented is exciting and affective. This studies idea comes from the basis of manual drawing tube (CL) method. In this experimental study, we have taken 400 handed an image of microorganisms. Captured images are from its whole body or various organs. They have been captured in different z-axis positions of stage, and hence components with different depths could be focused. Each patch checked for its edge strength to choose highest resolutions sub image and reconstruct focused image like a puzzle. This process has been continued for all areas to merge and complete reconstructed image as output.

Conclusion:

Comparing edge strength with other images and mean square error with manual focused on confirm our method with pleasure outcomes. Furthermore, independent focusing of an internal component in a sample body has been surveyed. It helps to have better resolution in internal selected component for more analysis and replace in its primitive image. This article presents efficient consequences with good accuracy and saving time in process period, which could be useful in different microscopes types and various samples type.
Модели теории множеств, в которых теорема отделимости неверна
Authors: Kanovei Vladimir Grigorevich , Lyubetskii Vasilii Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2021

Произведение минимальных форсингов по Йенсену с конечной поддержкой использовано для построения модели теории множеств, в которой теорема отделимости нарушается для проективных классов $\mathbf{\Sigma}^1_n$ и $\mathbf{\Pi}^1_n$, для данного $n\geqslant3$.
Библиография: 41 наименование.
Tuberculosis in Children in a Pediatric Hospital in Mexico
Authors: Saldaña Napoleón González , Parra Mercedes Macías , Olguín Hugo Juárez , Bejarano José Iván Castillo , Soto Monica Punzo , Jiménez Francisca Trujillo
Published: November 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global problem and a diagnostic challenge, especially in pediatrics. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, microbiological, radiological, and histopathological data of TB in children. A 7-year retrospective and descriptive cohort study that included 127 patients under 18 years of age with diagnosis of active TB was conducted from 2011 to 2018 in a pediatric hospital. Tuberculosis was microbiologically confirmed using Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) staining, culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a total of 94 (74%) cases. Thirty-three cases were defined as probable TB based on tuberculin skin test result and epidemiological evaluation. The TB forms found were lymph node (39.3%), bone (15.7%), lung (13.6%), and meningeal TB (8.6%). The most common symptoms were fever (48.8%) and adenopathy (45.6%). History of contact was established in 34.6%. Positive ZN staining (sensitivity 30%) and culture (sensitivity 37%) were found in 29% and 37.7% of subjects, respectively. About 64.5% depicted abnormal chest X-ray. Xpert MTB/RIF® (PCR) was positive in 9.4% and biopsy was compatible in 52.7% of these samples. It is fundamental to have laboratory and epidemiological evaluation that support the diagnosis of the disease in children and thus, define its management; since, in most cases, early microbiologic confirmation is lacking.
Impact of Annual versus Semiannual Mass Drug Administration with Ivermectin and Albendazole on Helminth Infections in Southeastern Liberia
Authors: Eneanya Obiora A. , Gankpala Lincoln , Goss Charles W. , Bolay Fatorma K. , Weil Gary J. , Fischer Peter U.
Published: November 2021

We compared the impact of three rounds of annual and five rounds of semiannual mass drug administration (MDA) with albendazole plus ivermectin on helminthic infections in Liberia. Repeated annual cross-sectional community surveys were conducted between 2013 and 2019 in individuals of 5 years and older. Primary outcome was the change of infection prevalence estimates from baseline to month 36 (12 months after the last treatment). After three rounds of annual MDA, Wuchereria bancrofti circulating filarial antigen (CFA) and microfilaria (Mf) prevalence estimates decreased from 19.7% to 4.3% and from 8.6% to 0%, respectively; after semiannual MDA, CFA and Mf prevalences decreased from 37.8% to 16.8% and 17.9% to 1%, respectively. Mixed effects logistic regression models indicated that the odds of having Mf decreased by 97% (P < 0.001) at month 36 (similar odds for annual and semiannual MDA zones). A parallel analysis showed that the odds of CFA were reduced by 83% and 69% at 36 months in the annual and semiannual treatment zones, respectively (P < 0.001). Onchocerca volvulus Mf prevalence decreased slightly after multiple MDA rounds in both treatment zones. Reductions in hookworm and Trichuris trichiura prevalences and intensities were slightly greater in the annual treatment zone. Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence rates were relatively unchanged, although infection intensities decreased sharply throughout. Results show that annual and semiannual MDA were equally effective for reducing LF and soil-transmitted helminth infection parameters over a 3-year period, and reductions recorded at month 36 were sustained by routine annual MDA through month 72.
Le dynamisme accentuel dans le discours médiatique français
Authors: Vitez Primož
Published: November 2021

Le presént article a pour but d'exposer une analyse critique sur la nature et le fonc­ tionnement des faits accentuels en français, notamment tels qu'ils sont manifestés dans un corpus sélectionné de textes médiatiques, et surtout ceux qui se présentent dans les émissions d'information télevisées. Ce type de discours présente quelques particular­ ités accentuelles qui sont d'autant plus intéressantes si l'on considère l'influence qu'ont les médias électroniques sur la potentialité de la formation normative d'un code, partagé par les membres (téléspectateurs) d'une communauté linguistique.
Floristic diversity and conservation value of the biodiversity refuge area of the Soubré hydroelectric dam (South-West of Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: Kouadio Yao Jean-Clovis , Cissé Abdoulaye , Kpangui Kouassi Bruno , Tiébré Marie-Solange , Ouattara Djakalia , N’guessan Kouakou Edouard
Published: November 2021

After the establishment of the biodiversity conservation area of the Soubré hydroelectric dam, scientific studies showing its value as a biodiversity reserve and its importance for the population were not implemented. As a result, no sustainable management strategy has been initiated. this study was conducted to make up for this shortcoming. It aims to assess its conservation value. The data collection methodology combined botanical inventories and an ethnobotanical survey. The analyse of data was based on the plant diversity and the importance of the area for local populations. Investigations show a rich flora of 346 species. There are 38 endemic species, 10 vulnerable and 8 locally threatened with extinction. This flora richness allows to attribute to the conservation area the High Conservation Value of category 1 (HCV 1). Among the species list, 84 are cited by the populations as useful plants. The use categories are, in order of importance, medicinal use, food use, Handicrafted use, timber. The organs sought are mainly the leaves in the practice of traditional medicine, the fruits in food and the stem in crafts, timber and firewood. Among useful species, 13 are very important for local population. Of these, 6 are less abundant in the area such as Ricinodendron heudelotii, Carpolobia lutea G. Don. The capacity for the area to serve as a refuge for useful species gives it the HCV 5. These results will allow the implementation of appropriate management.
Typologie des exploitations agricoles productrices du mil et niébé pluvial dans la commune rurale de Karma
Authors: Razinatou Yacouba Ali , Boubacar Soumana , Mahamadou Idrissa Saidou
Published: November 2021

Principale activité des ruraux nigériens, l’agriculture fait face à des problèmes récurrents de baisse de  rendements conduisant à la paupérisation et à l’insécurité alimentaire des ménages qui l’exercent. Cette étude conduite à Karma vise la caractérisation des systèmes de production du mil et de niébé pluvial en vue de connaître leurs fonctionnements et leurs diverses interactions dans un contexte de changement climatique. Pour cela, une enquête a été conduite sur un échantillon de 90 ménages d’exploitants du mil et niébé pluvial. L’étude a montré que les systèmes de production sont regroupés en trois types selon la méthode d’Analyse en Composantes Principales couplée à la classification de Nuées dynamiques. Il s’agit du système de production agricole pure (Type A), du système agroforesterie (Type B) et du système agropastoral (Type C). Le type (A) occupe une superficie moyenne de 1,5 hectares. Il est scindé en système de cultures sèches simple et système de cultures sèches associé au maraîchage. Le type (B) s’effectue sur 2,18 hectares et le type (C) sur une superficie moyenne de 3,25 hectares. Ainsi, le type (C) est plus performant que le type (B) qui l’est plus que le type (A).

 

English title: Typology of farms producing millet and rain-fed cowpeas in the rural commune of Karma

Main activity of nigeriens’ rural, agriculture faces recurring problems drop in yields leading to pauperization and food insecurity of the households that exert it. This study conducted in Karma aims to characterize millet and rain-fed cowpea production systems with a view to understanding their functioning and their various interactions to enable producers to better cope with climate change. For this, a survey was conducted on a sample of 90 households farms of millet and rain-fed cowpea. The study showed that production systems are grouped into three types according to the Principal Component Analysis method coupled with classification. of dynamic clouds. These are the pure agricultural production system (Type A), the agroforestry system (Type B) and the agro-pastoral system (Type C). Type (A) occupies an average area of 1.5 hectares. It is split into a simple dry crop system and a dry crop system associated with market gardening. Type (B) takes place on 2.18 hectares and type (C) on an average area of 3.25 hectares. Thus, type (C) is more efficient than type (B) which is better than type (A).
Efficacy and safety of a combination of miglitol, metformin and insulin aspart in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ke Tingyu , Cheng Guoliang , Tan Liping , Zhou Xiangming , Miao Yuanyuan , Du Shigang , Wang Jia , Pan Yi , Bi Jingjie , Zhao Lin , Zhi Yunxia , Zhao Ling
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To study the clinical effect of combining insulin aspart with different drugs in the treatment oftype 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: Two hundred and thirty-seven T2DM patients admitted to the Endocrinology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from March to September 2018 were selected as subjects in this study. Miglitol and metformin were used in combination with insulin aspart in the treatment of T2DM. In addition, data on the effectiveness and safety of different treatment options,such as patient’s weight, waist circumference, blood glucose indicators, indices of heart, liver and kidney functions, and incidence of complications were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results: The use of a combination of miglitol and insulin aspart produced an excellent hypoglycaemic effect, and it significantly reduced the incidence of sensory neuropathy in the eyes and distal limbs (p < 0.05). The use of combination of metformin and insulin aspart effectively protected the heart and kidney, and prevented hypoglycaemia (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that treatment with a combination of miglitol and insulin aspart is suitable for patients with T2DM whose blood sugar levels are out of control, while combined treatment with metformin and insulin aspart is more suited for patients who desire to reduce blood sugar and blood lipids through weight loss, and patients with cardiac and renal insufficiency.
Effect of combination of Yiqi Jianpi Yangxue Decoction and chemotherapy on quality of life and adverse reactions of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhang Qingling , Zhang Wenjuan , Wang Xiao , Chen Xueling , Gao Yewu
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of combined treatment with Yiqi Jianpi Yangxue Decoction and chemotherapy (carboplatin + paclitaxel) on quality of life (QOL) and adverse reactions of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC).Methods: One hundred and fourteen (114) ROC patients in The Second Children & Women’s Healthcare of Jinan City were split into chemotherapy group (n = 60) and combination group (n = 54), based on whether or not they were treated with Yiqi Jianpi Yangxue Decoction. Differences in clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, levels of tumor marker, levels of immune indexes, and scores on Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) between the two groups were evaluated.Results: Treatment effectiveness was higher in the combination group than in the chemotherapy group (p < 0.05). Compared with the chemotherapy group, post-treatment levels of HE4 and CA125 in the combination group were lower, while the levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+, and population of NK cells were higher (p < 0.05). After treatment, the KPS score in the combination group was higher than the corresponding score in the chemotherapy group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Combination of Yiqi Jianpi Yangxue Decoction and chemotherapy (carboplatin + paclitaxel) produces significant enhancement of clinical efficacy in the treatment of ROC. The combination treatment is highly safe, and improves the health status and QOL of patients. Therefore, the combination treatment appears to be suitable for the management of ovarian cancer.
Malarz życia miejskiego – Jan Ptaśnik (1876–1930). U genezy studiów nad patrycjatem krakowskim
Authors: Starzyński Marcin
Published: November 2021

Niniejszy artykuł, przygotowany w związku z przypadającą w 2016 r. 140. rocznicą urodzin Jana Ptaśnika (1876–1930), przypomina sylwetkę oraz istotny fragment twórczości tego uznanego historyka. Wywodzący się z rodziny chłopskiej Jan Ptaśnik – uczeń Stanisława Krzyżanowskiego i Wincentego Zakrzewskiego – związany był z Uniwersytetami w Krakowie, gdzie uzyskał doktorat i habilitował się w wieku trzydziestu jeden lat, oraz we Lwowie, gdzie w 1920 r. otrzymał samodzielną katedrę, którą kierował do przedwczesnej śmierci w 1930 r. Był pionierem nowoczesnych badań w zakresie historii kultury oraz historii miast i mieszczaństwa, a także cenionym wydawcą źródeł. W pierwszej części prezentowanego tekstu nakreślił Autor życiorys tego badacza, uzupełniając dawniejsze opracowania oraz omawiając jego dorobek naukowy. W części drugiej skupił się natomiast na studiach J. Ptaśnika nad rodzinami mieszczańskimi Krakowa XIII–XVI w., analizując te prace m.in. pod względem trwałości poczynionych przezeń ustaleń. Zreferował nadto osiągnięcia nowszej historiografii krakowskiej, rozwijającej wątki zainicjowane na początku XX w. przez J. Ptaśnika, dając jednocześnie możliwie pełny obraz wiedzy o warstwie wyższej społeczeństwa miasta Krakowa w wiekach średnich.

A painter of urban life – Jan Ptaśnik (1876–1930).

The genesis of studies into a patriciate of Krakow This article, prepared in connection with the 140th anniversary in 2016 of the birth of Jan Ptaśnik (1876–1930), recalls the man himself and an important fragment of the creativity of this highly-regarded historian. Born into a peasant family, Jan Ptaśnik – a pupil of Stanisław Krzyżanowski and Wincenty Zakrzewski – was connected with universities in Krakow, where he became a doctor at the age of thirty one, and Lviv, where in 1920 he became the head of a faculty, which he directed until his premature death in 1930. He was a pioneer of modern research into the history of culture and the history of towns and townspeople, as well as a valuable publisher. In the first part of the text, the Author presents the biography of the researcher, complementing former works as well as discussing his scientific achievements. The second part focuses, however, on J. Ptaśnik’s studies into the townspeople of Krakow in the XIII–XVI centuries, analysing this work, among others, in terms of the durability of the settings he established. It refers extensively to the achievements of later historiographies of Krakow, developing aspects initiated at the beginning of the XX century by J. Ptaśnik, simultaneously providing a picture of the knowledge about the level of high society in the city of Krakow during the Middle Ages.
Jarosławski epizod dziejów Trybunału Koronnego Lubelskiego – 1711 rok
Authors: Kus Józef
Published: November 2021

Lublin był siedzibą Trybunału Koronnego przez ponad 200 lat i w ciągu całej swojej historii sądził tylko raz w innym mieście, mianowicie w Jarosławiu w 1711 r. Wyjazdowa kadencja sądu rozpoczęła się w kwietniu, a skończyła w grudniu tego roku. Przez ten czas miasto i obradujący deputaci byli świadkami wielu wydarzeń. Między innymi w czerwcu 1711 r. miało tu miejsce spotkanie cara Piotra I z królem Augustem II, odbyła się też rada senatu. Podczas pobytu car trzymał do chrztu syna mieszczan jarosławskich, Jana i Marianny Gruszewiczów. O samej sesji Trybunału Koronnego i o rozpatrywanych na niej sprawach nic nie wiemy, ponieważ akta trybunalskie kadencji wyjazdowej uległy zniszczeniu.

The Jarosław Episode in the History of the Crown Tribunal in Lublin in 1711

The Crown Tribunal established in 1578 was the supreme court for the nobility in the Pre-partition Commonwealth. Lublin was the seat of the Tribunal for over 200 years and only once in its history it sat in another town: in Jarosław. In the twelfth year of the Great Northern War (1700–1721) in April 1711 the ceremonial beginning of the new term of the Crown Tribunal in Lublin took place. The short period of relative peace in the town was interrupted by the outbreak of plague. The Tribunal deputies accepted the invitation by the owners of the town of Jarosław, Great Crown Hetman Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski and his wife Elżbieta nee Lubomirska as well as the Ostrog estate entailer and Sandomierz starost Aleksander Dominik Lubomirski, to continue the interrupted session there. At that time the town
Wykaz stancji dla deputatów Trybunału Koronnego w Lublinie z roku 1748
Authors: Łosowski Janusz
Published: November 2021

Wielkim problemem dla sędziów obradującego w Lublinie Trybunału Koronnego był brak lokali nadających się do zamieszkania przez nich oraz ich służbę. Działo się tak z powodu wynajmowania z dużym wyprzedzeniem dostępnych domów i pokojów przez szlachtę szukającą sprawiedliwości przed tym sądem. Dlatego burgrabia lubelski na czas obrad Trybunału Koronnego w Lublinie musiał rezerwować dla sędziów odpowiednie pomieszczenia w kamienicach miejskich należących do mieszczan i szlachty oraz domy na przedmieściach dla służby i koni. Wykaz stancji z roku 1748, będący przedmiotem tej publikacji, stanowi cenny dowód dbałości ówczesnych władz administracyjnych o należyte funkcjonowanie Trybunału. Jest pierwszym i jak dotąd jedynym dokumentem tego rodzaju udostępnionym badaczom. Został opublikowany na podstawie wpisu zachowanego w księdze grodzkiej lubelskiej.

A List of Lodgings for Members of the Crown Tribunal in Lublin in 1748

A great problem for judges taking part in the sittings of the Crown Tribunal in Lublin was lack of premises for them and their servants. It resulted from the fact that many houses and rooms were rented in advance by the nobles who arrived in Lublin to seek justice in the Tribunal. That is why, for the time of the sittings of the Crown Tribunal, the Lublin burgrave had to reserve for judges proper lodgings in houses owned by burghers and gentry in the town and houses on the outskirts for their servants and horses. The list of lodgings from 1748, which is the subject of this publication, is a valuable document on the solicitude of the then administrative authorities that the Tribunal could function without any obstacles. It is the first, and as far, the only document of this kind available to the researchers. It was published on the basis of the entry in the Lublin castle-starost book.
„Kartki” Tadeusza Różewicza
Authors: Browarny Wojciech
Published: November 2021

Artykuł „Kartki” Tadeusza Różewicza opisuje prozę pisarza z perspektywy „kartek” jako formuły kompozycyjno-warsztatowej, związanej jednak ściśle z jego praktyką autobiograficzną. Autor artykułu śledzi obecność i przemiany „kartek” w utworach fabularnych Tadeusza Różewicza, ale przede wszystkim w jego mniej znanych dziełach: dzienniku, reportażach podróżniczych, szkicach wspomnieniowych i metaliterackich. Celem artykułu nie jest udowodnienie, że „kartki” występują w pisarstwie Różewicza od momentu jego debiutu do okresu dojrzałej twórczości, gdy nawet jej pobieżny przegląd potwierdza tę oczywistość. Autor stara się dowieść, że „kartki” są złożoną i konsekwentnie stosowaną techniką pisarską, która służy między innymi do komponowania utworów i nasy­cania ich refleksją warsztatową. Są one również narzędziem autokreacji pisarza, medium między jego tekstami i (re)konstruowaną w nich autobiografią, sposobem uobecniania się w nich jego podmiotowości oraz doświadczenia historycznego i egzystencjalnego.

Tadeusz Różewicz’s “Postcards”

The article discusses Tadeusz Różewicz’s prose from the perspective of “postcards” as a compositional and skill-training format closely connected with the writer’s autobiographical output. The author of the article traces the presence and trans­formations of “postcards” in Różewicz’s fiction and, perhaps most importantly, in his lesser-known works: his journal, travel essays, memoir sketches, and metaliterary pieces.The aim of the article is to demonstrate that “postcards” appeared in Różewicz’s writing throughout his career, from his debut until his mature output, with this conclusion con­firmed even by a brief overview of the writer’s oeuvre. The author seeks to prove that the “postcards” are a complex and consistently applied writing technique which serves, among others, to compose pieces and imbue them with reflections on writing itself. They are also a tool for the author’s self-creation, an intermediary between his texts and the autobiogra­phy (re)constructed therein, a means in which his subjectivity and historical and existential experience become present in his writing.
Arabic Documents Classification by a Radial Basis Hybridization
Authors: Zaki Taher , Mammass Driss , Ennaji Abdellatif , Nicolas Stéphane
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we propose a hybrid system for contextual and semantic indexing of Arabic documents, bringing an improvement to classical models based on n-grams and the Okapi model. This new approach takes into account the concept of the semantic vicinity of terms. We proceed in fact by the calculation of similarity between words using an hybridization of NGRAMs-OKAPI statistical measures and a kernel function in order to identify relevant descriptors. Terminological resources such as graphs and semantic dictionaries are integrated into the system to improve the indexing and the classification processes.
Megszólítási gyakorlatok és stratégiák az oktató-hallgató viszonyban
Authors: Domonkosi Ágnes
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to show how Hungarian address practices are working in the context of higher education. The study also offers a description of interpretations and ideologies related to these practices. The research is based on questionnaires, individual and focus-group interviews conducted with teachers and students of a university institute training Hungarian teachers. The data reveal that the reciprocal use of V forms is the main strategy to convey respect and distance. They also show that a frequent practice is the non-reciprocal use of pronouns (Ön/Maga/te) and the comb inat i on of l ex i ca l forms encod ing var i ous degrees of social distance. The analysis points out that address practices in this community are shaped by the following factors: the hierarchical, role-dependent nature of the teacher-student relationship, the role of solidarity in joint work activities, and the adaptation of individual address repertoires to the norms of the practice community. The paper demonstrates that the non-reciprocal use of address forms does not indicate a high degree of hierarchy, but rather different ideologies and interpretations of address practices on the part of students and teachers.
NON-PLANAR TOOLPATH FOR LARGE SCALE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Authors: EYERCİOĞLU Ömer , ALADAĞ Mehmet
Published: November 2021

The parts produced by additive manufacturing are inherently subjected to discretization effects due to their layer-based addition. The stair-stepping effect on the surface quality is inevitable for most of the techniques and it becomes more dominant for the regions having small surface inclinations. The stair-stepping influences the mechanical properties as well as the aesthetic perception. Many researchers have been presented several approaches to overcome or minimize the stair-stepping effects and improve the surface quality of additively manufactured parts. The attempts have been made generally for the FDM-printed objects, however, there is no or fewer efforts have been made for parts of large-scale additive manufacturing (LSAM). Due to higher deposition rates (up to 50 kg/hrs.) and larger nozzle diameters (i.e. bead size) the discretization effect is more in large-scale additive manufacturing. In this paper, the presented methods to mitigate the stair-stepping effect and improving the surface quality of additive manufacturing are reviewed and practicing in large-scale 3D printing is discussed. A preliminary experimental study of 3D printing with a non-planar toolpath was carried out and the results were presented.
Hilario de Poitiers y la fe de los orientales. Una reflexión sobre la influencia del exilio en su comprensión de las querellas teológicas de su tiempo
Authors: Alba López Almudena
Published: November 2021

En el presente trabajo abordamos el papel desempeñado por el exilio padecido por Hilario de Poitiers y su relación con los obispos homeusianos en su comprensión de la realidad teológica del episcopado oriental. Su toma de contacto con las corrientes doctrinales con las que se familiariza durante su estancia en Oriente y la relación que traba con los obispos en los sínodos a los que asiste le llevan a constatar la existencia de más puntos en común que divergencias. Centrándose en la explicación ofrecida a sus colegas galos en De synodis de que el credo del concilio de Ancira de 358 y el homoioúsios no difieren sustancialmente de la comprensión que tienen los partidarios del homooúsios de la relación entre Padre e Hijo aboga por un entendimiento conjunto contra el enemigo común.
DOSIMETRIC COMPARISON OF VMAT AND 3D CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY IN PREOPERATIVE RECTAL CANCER
Authors:   Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Miladinović Tatjana , Miladinović Aleksandar , Pavlović Nina , Nikezić Dragoslav , Krstić Dragana
Published: November 2021

The standard procedure in treating rectum cancer is surgical intervention, but presurgical chemotherapy and radiotherapy lead to a lower rate of localized recidives. Our study compared the results obtained by two techniques of radiation treatment planning (RTP) in radiotherapy, which patients received in the preoperative course of rectum cancer treatment, Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and field-in-field three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (FIF 3D-CRT). We analyzed better coverage of the planning target volume (PTV) and better protection of organs from risk (OAR): bladder, bowel, left femoral head, and right femoral head results and monitor unit (MU). Also, we analyzed the target volume coverage indicators included homogeneity index (HI), and conformity index (CI). Selected five patients were treated in University Clinical Center Kragujevac during 2020. The two types of techniques for making radiotherapy plans, mentioned above, were designed for each patient using the same CT scans. All plans were done on the treatment planning system ECLIPSE- Version 15.6 (Varian). The prescribed dose for all patients was 50 Gy in 25 fractions. The first arc was planned in the clockwise direction and the second in the counter clockwise direction. FIF 3D-CRT plans were obtained by using fields from four different directions with the same isocenter. It was obtained that VMAT plans, compared to the FIF 3D-CRT, achieved better coverage of the PTV (D95%), better heterogeneity, and conformity. Protection for OAR such as the bladder, femoral heads, and small bowel is much better than that given by FIF 3D-CRT plans. However, the number of MU calculated by FIF 3D-CRT is almost twice lower compared to VMAT.