bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eli, “Enemy of a Temple”? A Study of מעון in 1 Samuel 2.29 and 2.32
Authors: Kim Koowon
Published: April 2019

The Septuagint’s reading of verses 29a and 32a in 1 Samuel 2 may appear to provide an explanation of the difficult readings of the Masoretic text, but in fact, the LXX complicates the matter. There is no definite evidence that the LXX is the original and MT its corrupt variant. I propose that MT מעון‎ “in a temple” in v. 29a and צר מעון‎ “enemy of a temple” in v. 32 not only make sense as they stand but also provide a hermeneutical key to understanding the story of the Elides’ degradation, which focuses on their negative role in the temple at Shiloh.
Whereabouts and Secrets: A Person-Centered Approach to Emerging Adults’ Routine and Self-Disclosure to Parents
Authors: Son Daye , Padilla-Walker Laura M.
Published: April 2019

The current study examined heterogeneity in emerging adult children’s routine and self-disclosure to parents using mixture modeling and explored predictors and outcomes associated with the patterns of disclosure. Participants consisted of 449 emerging adults (49% male, 68% European American, 65% college students, 33% single-parent families) who completed questionnaires every year across three waves ( M age at Time 1 = 18.4 years). Latent profile analyses suggested that large groups of emerging adults reported moderate levels of routine disclosure and low levels of self-disclosure to both mothers (79%) and fathers (36%), while other groups (20%) reported high levels of routine and self-disclosure to both parents. Profile membership was associated with predictors (parental autonomy granting, self-disclosure to friend, gender, family structure, college attendance) at Time 1 and outcomes (delinquency, depression, and prosocial behavior) at Time 3. Implications regarding the continued parent–child relationship and disclosure to parents in the third decade of life are discussed.
Decoding the Roadmap for Capacity Building of Pharmacology Academicians in Catering to Drug Information Center Services in a Developing Country
Authors: M Praveen Kumar , Patil Amol , Kakkar Ashish Kumar , Singh Harmanjit
Published: April 2019

Background: Very few medical institutions are currently providing drug information center (DIC) services in low-resource countries. Objective: To assess whether academician pharmacologists of India are prepared to deliver countrywide services with regard to DICs. Methods: A cross-sectional knowledge attitude and practice study was planned in the form of an online survey. A hyperlink to the questionnaire was sent to academician pharmacologists via email, Facebook, and WhatsApp. Determinants associated with pharmacologists’ capacity and willingness in uplifting the DIC services were determined using logistic regression. Results: One hundred and thirteen academician pharmacologists responded. Participants who were working in limited functional DIC had 0.30 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.09-0.98) times association with answering that referring to promotional drug literature is an inappropriate practice for DIC services to that of nonfunctional DIC participants. However, the same had 5.28 (95% CI = 1.74-16.00) times association with referring to literature for establishing and running the services more as compared with participants with nonfunctional DIC. Participants from fully functional DICs in their departments had 6.31 (95% CI = 1.92-20.70) times association with identifying that adverse event reporting is not the function of DIC as compared with participants from a non-functional DIC. Participants with more academic experience had 6.7 (95% CI = 1.36 to 32.93) times association with an identification of challenges as compared with that of less experience participants. Conclusion: Academician pharmacologists need to be trained in critical appraisal of published literature and guided on how to establish and maintain the services for hospital clinicians. Senior pharmacology academicians’ advice will be crucial in strengthening the roadmap for capacity building.
The heparin binding domain of von Willebrand factor binds to growth factors and promotes angiogenesis in wound healing
Authors: Ishihara Jun , Ishihara Ako , Starke Richard D. , Peghaire Claire R. , Smith Koval E. , McKinnon Thomas A. J. , Tabata Yoji , Sasaki Koichi , White Michael J. V. , Fukunaga Kazuto , Laffan Mike A. , Lutolf Matthias P. , Randi Anna M. , Hubbell Jeffrey A.
Published: April 2019

During wound healing, the distribution, availability, and signaling of growth factors (GFs) are orchestrated by their binding to extracellular matrix components in the wound microenvironment. Extracellular matrix proteins have been shown to modulate angiogenesis and promote wound healing through GF binding. The hemostatic protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) released by endothelial cells (ECs) in plasma and in the subendothelial matrix has been shown to regulate angiogenesis; this function is relevant to patients in whom VWF deficiency or dysfunction is associated with vascular malformations. Here, we show that VWF deficiency in mice causes delayed wound healing accompanied by decreased angiogenesis and decreased amounts of angiogenic GFs in the wound. We show that in vitro VWF binds to several GFs, including vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) isoforms and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), mainly through the heparin-binding domain (HBD) within the VWF A1 domain. VWF also binds to VEGF-A and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in human plasma and colocalizes with VEGF-A in ECs. Incorporation of the VWF A1 HBD into fibrin matrices enables sequestration and slow release of incorporated GFs. In vivo, VWF A1 HBD-functionalized fibrin matrices increased angiogenesis and GF retention in VWF-deficient mice. Treatment of chronic skin wounds in diabetic mice with VEGF-A165 and PDGF-BB incorporated within VWF A1 HBD-functionalized fibrin matrices accelerated wound healing, with increased angiogenesis and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Therefore, the VWF A1 HBD can function as a GF reservoir, leading to effective angiogenesis and tissue regeneration.
Management of cancer-associated anemia with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents: ASCO/ASH clinical practice guideline update
Authors: Bohlius Julia , Bohlke Kari , Castelli Roberto , Djulbegovic Benjamin , Lustberg Maryam B. , Martino Massimo , Mountzios Giannis , Peswani Namrata , Porter Laura , Tanaka Tiffany N. , Trifirò Gianluca , Yang Hushan , Lazo-Langner Alejandro
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

To update the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/American Society of Hematology (ASH) recommendations for use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in patients with cancer.

Methods:

PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses of RCTs in patients with cancer published from January 31, 2010, through May 14, 2018. For biosimilar ESAs, the literature search was expanded to include meta-analyses and RCTs in patients with cancer or chronic kidney disease and cohort studies in patients with cancer due to limited RCT evidence in the cancer setting. ASCO and ASH convened an Expert Panel to review the evidence and revise previous recommendations as needed.

Results:

The primary literature review included 15 meta-analyses of RCTs and two RCTs. A growing body of evidence suggests that adding iron to treatment with an ESA may improve hematopoietic response and reduce the likelihood of RBC transfusion. The biosimilar literature review suggested that biosimilars of epoetin alfa have similar efficacy and safety to reference products, although evidence in cancer remains limited.

Recommendations:

ESAs (including biosimilars) may be offered to patients with chemotherapy-associated anemia whose cancer treatment is not curative in intent and whose hemoglobin has declined to < 10 g/dL. RBC transfusion is also an option. With the exception of selected patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, ESAs should not be offered to most patients with nonchemotherapy-associated anemia. During ESA treatment, hemoglobin may be increased to the lowest concentration needed to avoid transfusions. Iron replacement may be used to improve hemoglobin response and reduce RBC transfusions for patients receiving ESA with or without iron deficiency. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines and www.hematology.org/guidelines.
Brain connectomic associations with traditional Chinese medicine diagnostic classification of major depressive disorder: a diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Liu Lan-Ying , Xu Xiao-Pei , Luo Li-Yuan , Zhu Chun-Qing , Li Ya-Ping , Wang Pei-Rong , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Yang Chun-Yu , Hou Hong-Tao , Cao Yu-Lin , Wang Gang , Hui Edward S. , Zhang Zhang-Jin
Published: April 2019

Background

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly heterogeneous in pathogenesis and manifestations. Further classification may help characterize its heterogeneity. We previously have shown differential metabolomic profiles of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic subtypes of MDD. We further determined brain connectomic associations with TCM subtypes of MDD.

Methods

In this naturalistic study, 44 medication-free patients with a recurrent depressive episode were classified into liver qi stagnation (LQS, n = 26) and Heart and Spleen Deficiency (HSD, n = 18) subtypes according to TCM diagnosis. Healthy subjects (n = 28) were included as controls. Whole-brain white matter connectivity was analyzed on diffusion tensor imaging.

Results

The LQS subtype showed significant differences in multiple network metrics of the angular gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, calcarine sulcus, and Heschl’s gyrus compared to the other two groups. The HSD subtype had markedly greater regional connectivity of the insula, parahippocampal gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus than the other two groups, and microstructural abnormalities of the frontal medial orbital gyrus and middle temporal pole. The insular betweenness centrality was strongly inversely correlated with the severity of depression and dichotomized the two subtypes at the optimal cutoff value with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusions

The LQS subtype is mainly characterized by aberrant connectivity of the audiovisual perception-related temporal-occipital network, whereas the HSD subtype is more closely associated with hyperconnectivity and microstructural abnormalities of the limbic-paralimbic network. Insular connectivity may serve a biomarker for TCM-based classification of depression.

Trial registration Registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02346682) on January 27, 2015
Factors influencing use of community treatment orders and quality of care that people receive: results of a national survey in England and Wales
Authors: Lei Harry , Barnicot Kirsten , Maynard Emily , Etherington Angela , Zalewska Krysia , Quirk Alan , Sanatinia Rahil , Cooper Stephen J. , Crawford Mike J.
Published: April 2019

Aims and method

We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the National Audit of Psychosis to identify factors associated with use of community treatment orders (CTOs) and assess the quality of care that people on CTOs receive.

Results

Between 1.1 and 20.2% of patients in each trust were being treated on a CTO. Male gender, younger age, greater use of in-patient services, coexisting substance misuse and problems with cognition predicted use of CTOs. Patients on CTOs were more likely to be screened for physical health, have a current care plan, be given contact details for crisis support, and be offered cognitive–behavioural therapy.

Clinical implications

CTOs appear to be used as a framework for delivering higher-quality care to people with more complex needs. High levels of variation in the use of CTOs indicate a need for better evidence about the effects of this approach to patient care.
Experiences of a Multidisciplinary Genomic Tumor Board Interpreting Risk for Underlying Germline Variants in Tumor-Only Sequencing Results
Authors: Fishler Kristen P. , Breese Erin H. , Walters-Sen Lauren , McGowan Michelle L.
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE

Although analyzing germline and tumor samples concurrently provides the best opportunity for differentiating between germline and somatic mutations, tumor-only sequencing is becoming increasingly common in clinical care. The purpose of this study is to assess how a multidisciplinary genomic tumor board (MGTB) evaluated patients’ tumor-only sequencing results and made genetics referrals. With limited professional society guidance on how to manage pathogenic mutations identified via tumor-only sequencing, this study contemplates the professional knowledge and skills necessary to have represented on an MGTB to interpret these results in context of potential germline findings.

METHODS

Qualitative interviews with MGTB members and an ethnographic case study of a breast cancer MGTB at a National Cancer Institute cancer center were examined.

RESULTS

This MGTB discussed 34 cases of women with advanced-stage breast cancer over 13 months. Interviews and observations of MGTB meetings indicated that members of the MGTB contemplated whether variants were germline or somatic and potential for identification of germline cancer predisposition. On the basis of existing professional society guidelines, 18 patients would be eligible for germline testing. However, the MGTB only referred 11 patients (61%) for additional germline testing, and the remaining seven patients (39%) were not referred, raising questions about the kind of genomic expertise needed on an MGTB to optimize results interpretation and referrals.

CONCLUSION

To ensure adequate interpretation, recommendation, and communication of tumor sequencing results, an MGTB should include professionals with knowledge and experience in clinical translation of tumor sequencing, testing methodology, molecular pathology, cancer biology, genomic pathways, germline variant interpretation, evaluation of family history, and application of professional recommendations for germline testing after tumor-only sequencing. These skills may not be held by a single professional on an MGTB.
Diagnosis of an Additional Ventricular Septal Defect by Observing Dark Blood in Aortic Root Vent: A Case Report
Authors: Babu Saravana , Gadhinglajkar Shrinivas , Sreedhar Rupa , Nemani Nayana , Sukesan Subin , Baruah Sudip Dutta
Published: April 2019

Diagnosis and management of multiple ventricular septal defects still remain a challenging task. Although many new diagnostic modalities have been used for the perioperative diagnosis of ventricular septal defects, the discovery of residual or additional shunts in the postoperative period is not uncommon. We report a case where we observed an undiagnosed additional ventricular septal defect shunting deoxygenated dark blood into the aortic root vent during deairing of the heart, which was confirmed on transesophageal echocardiography and addressed with reinstitution of cardiopulmonary bypass.
Continuous Transversalis Fascia Plane Catheter Infusion in a Pediatric Patient Undergoing Alveolar Cleft Repair With Iliac Crest Bone Graft: A Case Report
Authors: Sequera-Ramos Luis , Ruby Jordan M. , Jackson Oksana A. , Ganesh Arjunan , Gurnaney Harshad , Kraemer Francis W. , Muhly Wallis T.
Published: April 2019

Harvesting of iliac crest bone graft for alveolar cleft repair in children is associated with significant postoperative pain. Transversalis fascia plane block has emerged as an alternative to local wound infiltration for iliac crest bone graft harvesting and has been used with good effect in adult patients requiring bone graft for orthopedic surgery. Little is known about the use of the transversalis fascia plane block in children or the feasibility of placing a continuous infusion catheter. In this report, we describe our experience using a continuous transversalis fascia plane infusion catheter in the management of a 6-year-old girl undergoing alveolar cleft repair with iliac crest bone graft.
Allergic Acute Coronary Artery Stent Thrombosis After the Administration of Sugammadex in a Patient Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Case Report
Authors: Kikura Mutsuhito , Suzuki Yuji , Nishino Junko , Uraoka Masahiro
Published: April 2019

In addition to cutaneous, gastrointestinal, hemodynamic, and respiratory symptoms, allergic reactions can induce an acute coronary syndrome in normal or atheromatous coronary arteries and can cause coronary stent thrombosis. Here, we report a case of coronary stent thrombosis due to allergic acute coronary syndrome during anaphylaxis induced by sugammadex in a female patient undergoing general anesthesia. She was emergently treated with percutaneous transluminal coronary balloon angioplasty with catecholamine, vasodilator, and intraaortic balloon support. Knowledge of perioperative allergy-triggered acute coronary syndrome is crucial for prompt and appropriate treatment.
Catabolic activity of osteoblast lineage cells contributes to osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro
Authors: Pirapaharan Dinisha Cyril , Olesen Jacob Bastholm , Andersen Thomas Levin , Christensen Sandra Bjerre , Kjærsgaard-Andersen Per , Delaisse Jean-Marie , Søe Kent
Published: April 2019

Osteoblast lineage cells in human bone were recently shown to colonize eroded bone surfaces and to closely interact with osteoclasts. They proved to be identical to reversal cells and are believed to differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts thereby coupling resorption and formation. However, they also exert catabolic activity that contributes to osteoclastic bone resorption, but this has not received much attention. Herein, we used co-cultures of primary human osteoblast lineage cells and human osteoclasts derived from peripheral blood monocytes to investigate whether a catabolic activity of osteoblast lineage cells could impact on osteoclastic bone resorption. Through a combination of immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization and time-lapse experiments, we show that MMP-13-expressing osteoblast lineage cells are attracted to and closely interact with bone-resorbing osteoclasts. This close interaction results in a strong and significant increase in the bone resorptive activity of osteoclasts – especially those making trenches. Importantly, we show that osteoclastic bone resorption becomes sensitive to inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases in the presence, but not in the absence, of osteoblast lineage cells. We propose that this may be due to the direct action of osteoblast-lineage-derived MMP-13 on bone resorption.
The route of the visual receptor rhodopsin along the cilium
Authors: Chadha Abhishek , Volland Stefanie , Baliaouri Natella V. , Tran Elaine M. , Williams David S.
Published: April 2019

The photoreceptor outer segment is the most elaborate primary cilium, containing large amounts of rhodopsin (RHO) in disk membranes that grow from a connecting cilium. The movement of RHO along the connecting cilium precedes formation of the disk membranes. However, the route that RHO takes has not been clearly determined; some reports suggest that it follows an intracellular, vesicular route along the axoneme, possibly as an adaptation for the high load of delivery or the morphogenesis of the disk endomembranes. We addressed this question by studying RHO in cilia of IMCD3 cells and mouse rod photoreceptors. In IMCD3 cilia, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments with fluorescently tagged RHO supported the idea of RHO motility in the ciliary plasma membrane and was inconsistent with the hypothesis of RHO motility within the lumen of the cilium. In rod photoreceptors, FRAP of RHO–EGFP was altered by externally applied lectin, supporting the idea of plasmalemmal RHO dynamics. Quantitative immunoelectron microscopy corroborated our live-cell conclusions, as RHO was found to be distributed along the plasma membrane of the connecting cilium, with negligible labeling within the axoneme. Taken together, the present findings demonstrate RHO trafficking entirely via the ciliary plasma membrane.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Different Concentrations of Ethanol as Dentin Pre-treatment to Bonding of an Etch-and-rinse Adhesive
Authors: Silva Francisco Cláudio Fernandes Alves e , Saboia Vicente de Paulo Aragão
Published: April 2019

Objective: to evaluate the bond strength (BS) to dentin pre-treated with ethanol in single application for 20 s after etching and before application of a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive and to analyze the morphological features at the resin-dentin interface. Methods: twenty four third molars were collected and randomly assigned into four groups (n=5) according to the ethanol concentration: control (traditional water-wet technique), 50vol%, 70vol% and 100vol%. In experimental groups, ethanol was applied for 20 s and gently air-dried for 5 s. Bonding procedures were performed and resin composite was built up incrementally. Bonded teeth were sectioned into 0.8mm2 sticks on average. These specimens were submitted to microtensile bond strength test (μTBS). One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s test were applied to analyze statistical data (α=0 05). Light microscopy (LM) assisted by Masson’s trichrome staining was used to observe the features of resin/dentin interfaces. Results: control BS was not different from ethanol 50vol% (p>0.05). However, the pre-treatment using ethanol 70vol% and 100vol% showed increase on BS (p<0.001 and p=0.003 respectively) with no difference between these two groups. LM Showed a discrete decrease in denuded collagen fibrils to teeth treated with 70vol% and 100vol%. Conclusion: the pre-treatment of dentin using ethanol may increase the initial BS of resin/dentin interface when applied using 70vol% or 100vol% ethanol. Ethanol 70vol% is also able to decrease the thickness of the resin-sparse collagen fibrils.
Avaliação da formação de smear layer no preparo químico mecânico realizado com solução ou gel de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5%
Authors: Luz Luciana Batista , Santana Ruth Marlene Campomanes , Prates Amanda Westphal , Froehlich Julia , De Melo Tiago André Fontoura , Montagner Francisco , Luisi Simone Bonato
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: a formação de smear layer durante o preparo dos canais radiculares com o uso de hipoclorito de sódio solução já foi amplamente estudada; entretanto, na apresentação em gel não existem relatos na literatura. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, em MEV, a formação de smear layer durante o preparo endodôntico, utilizando o NaOCl nas formas líquida e gel, associado ou não ao EDTA. Métodos: sessenta raízes palatinas de molares superiores ou distais de inferiores, com comprimento radicular padronizado em 15 mm, foram utilizadas. As amostras foram divididas em quatro grupos controle com n = 5 cada (soro fisiológico ou base gel, associados ou não ao EDTA) e quatro grupos testes com n = 10 cada, de acordo com a substância irrigadora empregada durante o preparo (solução ou gel de NaOCl a 2,5%, associados ou não ao EDTA). Os canais foram modelados e posteriormente clivados para análise em MEV (ampliação de 2000x). Imagens de eletromicrografias foram obtidas nos terços cervical, médio e apical. A presença e as características da smear layer formadas foram categorizadas. As imagens foram analisadas por dois avaliadores, previamente, calibrados. Após a análise de concordância (Kappa = 0,806) dos escores, os dados foram tratados com o uso do teste Kruskall-Wallis, complementado pelo teste de Comparações Múltiplas SNK. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: a utilização do soro fisiológico e do NaOCl líquido, associados à irrigação final com EDTA, apresentou os melhores resultados de limpeza. Com o uso do NaOCl gel e da base gel, sem associação ao EDTA, houve uma maior quantidade de resíduos sobre as paredes dentinárias. Além disso, independentemente da substância irrigadora testada, pode-se observar que houve uma melhor capacidade de remoção da smear layer no terço cervical em relação ao apical. Conclusões: Observou-se formação de smear layer após o preparo do canal radicular associado ao NaOCl líquido ou gel. A aplicação de EDTA promoveu a remoção da smear layer produzida durante o preparo do canal.
Avaliação clínica, radiográfica e tomográfica de fraturas radiculares: série de casos
Authors: Costa Roberta Basañez Aleluia , Coelho Ivson Wasley Fernandes , De Carvalho Fabíola Bastos , Rebello Iêda Crusoé , Neves Frederico Sampaio
Published: April 2019

Introdução: o diagnóstico de fratura radicular é difícil, pois não há sinais/sintomas clínicos e características radiográficas patognomônicas, podendo ser confundido com um insucesso no tratamento endodôntico e até mesmo com doença periodontal. Objetivo: descrever as características clínicas, radiográficas e tomográficas em dentes com suspeita de fratura radicular. Métodos: a amostra foi composta por seis indivíduos cujos dados clínicos foram coletados, realizados testes de percussão vertical e horizontal, verificando se o dente apresentava mobilidade dentária e bolsa periodontal. Achados radiográficos e tomográficos foram avaliados em relação à presença de fratura radicular e de lesão periapical e/ou perda óssea associada ao terço apical/lateral da raiz para se obter o diagnóstico complementar da fratura radicular. Resultados: os achados clínicos mais prevalentes foram percussões vertical e horizontal positivos seguidos de dor e mobilidade. Os exames por imagem evidenciaram que todos os casos de suspeita de fratura radicular estavam relacionados a dentes com pino metálico. Em apenas um caso, não foi possível visualizar a lesão periapical e/ou perda óssea e a fratura na radiografia periapical, sendo detectadas nas imagens tomográficas. Conclusões: os achados clínicos de suspeita de fraturas radiculares são muito variáveis, necessitando correlacioná-los com exames de imagem. A TCFC se mostrou mais eficaz que a radiografia periapical na detecção da linha de fratura, porém esses dois exames podem ser utilizados para complementar o exame clínico e alcançar um diagnóstico mais acurado.
Gastric toxicity of Alendronate and Methotrexate in Walker 256 carcinosarcoma jaw model
Authors: Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , Lima Verde Maria Elisa Quezado , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros , Sousa Fabrício Bitu , Mota Mário Rogério Lima , Pessoa Cláudia do Ó , Lotufo Letícia Veras Costa , Moraes-Filho Manoel Odorico de
Published: April 2019

Introduction: experimental animal models represent a key tool used to elucidate the mechanisms of action and toxicity of anticancer drugs. Objective: the purpose was to establish a correlation of neoplastic growth with the combinatorial therapeutic application of sodium alendronate (ALD) and methotrexate (MTX), and to evaluate the gastrointestinal toxicity of these drugs, in the rat Walker 256 carcinosarcoma inoculation model. Methods: female rats were selected and randomly distributed into 5 groups (n=10): negative control (NC), positive control (PC), MTX-treated group, ALD-treated group, and MTX-ALD-treated group (MTX/ALD). Tumor cells were inoculated as a suspension of 1x106cells/mL into the alveolar cavities produced by exodontia procedures. The following parameters were evaluated: body weight, tumor volume and percentage of tumor inhibition, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Results: the body weight variation was statistically significant between NC animals and PC animals, and between NC animals and ALD-treated group (p<0.01). Tumor volume variation was statistically significant between PC animals, MTX-treated group and MTX/ALD-co-treated group (p<0.05). Analysis of gastric toxicity of MTX-treated group reveled slight reduction of chief (Ch) and parietal (Pr) cellular populations; ALD-treated group exhibited gastric mucosa without histological alterations of Ch cells but intense reduction of Pr cellular population; and MTX/ALD-co-treated group presented reduction of Ch and Pr cellular populations. Conclusions: ALD does not elicit significant antitumor effects on Walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells and decreases antitumor effects of MTX due to toxicity on the gastric epithelium, which is intensified with MTX association.
Ação do laser infravermelho em suspensões de Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Ximenes de Souza Smyrna Luiza , Santos Stéffani Vasconcelos , Sousa Fernanda Freitas , Batista Ana Larissa Ximenes , Lima Lais Aragão , Lima Ramille Araújo
Published: April 2019

Introdução: os benefícios do laser infravermelho no tratamento da mucosite oral e no controle da dor na disfunção da articulação temporomandibular são bem reconhecidos e já aplicados clinicamente. Porém, o efeito dessa terapia em bactérias da cavidade oral ainda é incerto. Objetivo: analisar o efeito do laser infravermelho Diodo de Arseneto de Gálio Alumínio (AsGaAl) (LIV) nos níveis de suspensões de Streptococcus mutans UA159. Método: o laser de baixa potência infravermelho e comprimento de onda predominante de 880nm (Therapy XT-ESTM, DMC Equipamentos) foi utilizado com potência de 100mW e diâmetro da ponteira 0,0280 cm². A suspensão bacteriana foi ativada em estufa bacteriológica a 37ºC e 5% CO2, durante um período de 18 horas, ajustada para a concentração de 1-2 x 108 unidades formadoras de colônia/mL (UFC/mL). As suspensões foram submetidas aos seguintes protocolos experimentais e controle: grupo 1) LIV 30s; grupo 2) LIV 60s; grupo 3) LIV 90s; grupo 4) NaCl 0,9%. Em seguida, uma alíquota foi retirada para a diluição seriada e semeadura das amostras. As placas permaneceram em estufa bacteriológica a 37ºC e 5% CO2 durante um período de 48 horas para posterior contagem das UFC/mL. O estudo foi conduzido em triplicata. Resultados: os resultados, a seguir, estão expressos em Log UFC/mL: grupo 1 (8,42±0,16); grupo 2 (8,41±0,03); grupo 3 (8,37±0,11); grupo 4 (8,37±0,16). Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente entre os grupos (p>0,05). Conclusão: o estudo mostrou que o laser infravermelho, nas condições experimentais usadas, não demonstrou ação na viabilidade de S. mutans presentes em suspensões in vitro.
Avaliação do efeito de técnicas de acabamento e polimento na rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas
Authors: Lira Renato Queiroz Nogueira , Lemos Marcelo Victor Sidou , Mendes Talita Arrais Daniel , Neri Jiovanne Rabelo , Mdendonça Juliano Sartori , Santiago Sérgio Lima
Published: April 2019

Introdução: O acabamento e o polimento das resinas compostas (RC) podem interferir diretamente na rugosidade desses materiais, estando relacionadas com a adesividade de placa bacteriana, manchamento, brilho e lisura. Objetivo: a proposta deste estudo foi comparar a rugosidade superficial de duas RC, sendo uma micro-híbrida (Filtek Z250) e outra nanoparticulada (Filtek Z350), após a realização dos procedimentos de acabamento e polimento. Métodos: utilizando-se uma matriz metálica, confeccionaram-se quinze discos de cada RC. A lisura superficial proporcionada pela fita de poliéster foi avaliada por meio de um rugosímetro (Hommel Tech-T1000), obtendo-se dados iniciais. Realizou-se a mensuração em triplicata, obtendo-se o valor da rugosidade média (Ra). Lixaram-se as superfícies de topo dos espécimes e seguiu-se nova obtenção da Ra. Os espécimes foram, aleatoriamente, distribuídos em três grupos: GI – discos de óxido de alumínio; GII – pontas siliconadas e GIII – discos de diamante micronizado, sendo obtida a Ra final. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e Qui-quadrado (α=1%). Resultados: a média e o desvio-padrão expresso em µm foram: Z-250 GI - 0,16 (0,09), GII - 0,32 (0,06) e GIII - 0,06 (0,02) e para Z-350 GI - 0,06 (0,01), GII - 0,49 (0,14) e GIII - 0,07 (0,01). Para Z-250, o GIII apresentou melhor polimento, sendo, estatisticamente, diferente de GI e GII (p≤0,01). Para Z-350, não houve diferença estatística entre os GI e GIII, mas eles foram superiores ao GII (p≤0,01). Conclusão: o disco de diamante micronizado proporcionou melhores valores de lisura superficial independente do tipo de resina composta empregada.
Avaliação do conhecimento das famílias sobre a higienização bucal e o uso domiciliar de fluoretos em crianças de uma faculdade particular do Espírito Santo
Authors: Camatta Ive Barteli , Steiner-Oliveira Carolina
Published: April 2019

Introdução:  cárie dentária é um problema de saúde pública e compromete a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. O uso de dentifrícios fluoretados associado à escovação mecânica vem sendo bastante estudado como controle da doença. O objetivo, deste estudo, foi avaliar o conhecimento dos pais e/ou responsáveis por crianças frequentadoras da Clínica Odontológica da Faculdade Faesa (ES), sobre a higienização bucal e o uso de dentifrício fluoretado. Métodos: foram analisados 46 questionários, contendo 12 questões objetivas. Resultados: a análise estatística descritiva dos dados demonstrou que 78,3% das crianças utilizavam dentifrício fluoretado, 93,5% dos pais não sabiam a concentração de fluoreto presente no creme dental das crianças, desconheciam o momento para se introduzir o dentifrício fluoretado; 60,9% dos pais não sabiam o que poderia ocorrer a partir da ingestão do dentifrício fluoretado e 71,4% responderam que a função do fluoreto era prevenir a cárie. Para 50,0% das famílias, a introdução do creme dental fluoretado foi apenas a partir do segundo ano de vida e apenas 4,4% sabiam que as lesões de cárie se iniciam pela presença de uma mancha branca. Conclusão: pais e/ou responsáveis possuem conhecimento sobre a função do fluoreto, a quantidade de dentifrício que deve ser utilizada em cada faixa etária; porém, desconhecem a concentração de fluoreto presente no creme dental, não sabem o momento correto para introduzir o dentifrício fluoretado ou os riscos de desenvolvimento de fluorose dentária.
Eficácia de diferentes processos de desinfecção em turbinas de alta rotação
Authors: Alcantara Igor , Freitas Renato , Pinheiro Ludmila Gomes , Felipe Andrine Tavares Pereira , Rebouças Pedro Diniz , Zanin-dos-Santoes Iriana Carla Junqueira
Published: April 2019

Introdução: a contaminação cruzada pode ocorrer na prática odontológica, e a correta descontaminação das Turbinas de Alta Rotação (TAR) é um passo importante no controle desse tipo de infecção. Métodos: este estudo contou com uma amostra de 21 turbinas de alta rotação (n=3). O experimento foi dividido em cinco fases sequenciais: contaminação inicial, limpeza das turbinas, contagem microbiológica inicial, esterilização das turbinas e contagem microbiológica final. As amostras foram divididas em seis grupos: grupo (1): as turbinas foram envolvidas por 8 minutos em gaze embebida em detergente enzimático seguida por fricção mecânica; grupo (2): de forma semelhante ao grupo (1) pelo tempo de 4 minutos. No grupo (3), as turbinas foram, imediatamente, friccionadas com gaze embebida em detergente enzimático seguida de 8 minutos de espera, nos grupos (4) e (5), de forma semelhante ao grupo (3), pelo tempo de 4 minutos e zero minuto, respectivamente. No grupo (6), (controle negativo) não houve contaminação das TARs, e foram aguardados 8 minutos sem realização de nenhum protocolo de descontaminação, enquanto no grupo (7) (controle positivo), houve contaminação pelo pool salivar, mas nenhum protocolo de descontaminação foi realizado.  Resultados: após segunda coleta, apenas o grupo (2) foi estatisticamente significante, mostrando-se como melhor protocolo de descontaminação das TARs. Conclusões: dessa forma, sugerimos a utilização de gaze embebida em detergente enzimático por 4 minutos, seguida de fricção mecânica com a gaze previamente ao procedimento de esterilização física por calor sob pressão, como protocolo de biossegurança.
Assessment of magnesium sulphate usage in pre-eclamptic and eclamptic women in Omdurman Maternity Hospital, 2017: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alsiddig Yousef Bashir , Abdulmoniem Merghani Alaa , Salah Abdulla Walaa , Rifaat Binni Rasha
Published: April 2019

Background: Eclampsia, the end phenomena of the preeclampsia spectrum, appears as new onset grand mal seizures in women with preeclampsia. Recently, the World Health Organization has recommended magnesium sulphate (MgSo4) as the main drug of choice to treat/prevent eclampsia. However, in Sudan no real assessment data about MgSo4 efficacy, benefits and risks in preeclamptic and eclamptic women has been reported.

Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted between January and April 2017 at Omdurman Maternity Hospital using a checklist. Data was collected from the medical records of 130 preeclamptic/eclamptic pregnant women, including: age, blood pressure, protein urea appearance, admission diagnosis, reason for using MgSo4, policy of MgSo4 administration, outcomes after using MgSo4, side effects of using MgSo4, and MgSo4 toxicity recording. After data collection, IBM SPSS (version 21) was used to analyze the data.

Results: Out of 130 recruited women, 78% were diagnosed with preeclampsia and 22% were diagnosed with eclampsia. Magnesium sulphate was indicated as a prophylactic in 88 patients and as treatment in 42 patients. Interestingly, only 9 patients had uncontrolled- recurrent seizures after using magnesium sulphate and only one patient developed drug related toxicity.

Conclusion: After MgSO4 administration, the majority of patients (121; 93.1%) had controlled seizures and only one patient developed MgSO4 toxicity (respiratory paralysis). Therefore,  MgSo4represents an effective and safe drug of choice used to treat/prevent eclampsia in Sudan.
The association between health literacy and pesticide use behaviors among sweet corn farmers in the Pak Chong district of Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pobhirun Theerachai , Pinitsoontorn Somdej
Published: April 2019

Background: Pesticide toxicity is an important health problem in Thailand due to the intensive use of hazardous pesticides.  This study aimed to determine and discuss patterns of pesticide use, health literacy, pesticide use behaviors and whether there is an association between health literacy and pesticide use behaviors among sweet corn farmers in the Pak Chong district of Thailand.

Methods: This work was carried out between May 2017 and July 2017 and 161 participants were enrolled. Participant questionnaires were completed during face-to-face interviews.

Results: 161 sweet corn farmers (89.98%) were interviewed about patterns of chemical pesticide use. Two of the pesticides used in the pre-planting phase were moderately toxic: paraquat (used by 55.2% of farmers) and imidacloprid (used by 15.5% of farmers). In the pre-emergence phase, participants reported using two moderately toxic pesticides: alachlor (used by 48.8% of farmers) and chlorpyrifos (used by 2.4% of farmers). At the post-emergence phase, participants reported using six moderately toxic pesticides: chlorpyrifos (used by 60.7% of farmers), paraquat (used by 38.1% of farmers), imidacloprid (used by 7.2% of farmers), 2-4D (used by 3.6% of farmers), abamectin (used by 3.6% of farmers) and cypermethrin (used by 1.2% of farmers). Health literacy levels were moderate level (Mean score = 91.62, SD = ± 7.06) and pesticide use behaviors were low level (Mean score = 67.80, SD = ± 4.04). When examining the association between health literacy and pesticide use behaviors, we found that functional literacy was significantly associated with pesticide use behaviors. These findings suggest that health literacy, which includes self-management and decision-making skills, should be given greater attention as pesticide use behaviors were unsafe.

Conclusion: It may be necessary to develop approaches to reduce pesticide use and promote health literacy, thereby protecting farmers, consumers, the environment (soil, water, and air) and ecosystems from pesticide-related hazards.
Problematics of Family and Pre-School Education at the Initial Stage of the Russian Pedagogical Psychology
Authors: Усольцева Инесса , Usol'ceva Inessa
Published: April 2019

The article presents the results of the historical reconstruction of the problems of family and pre-school education at the initial stage of the formation of the Russian pedagogical psychology. Appealing to the historical experience in the field of family and preschool education, in the author’s opinion, makes it possible to make better use of the accumulated scientific potential in modern socio-cultural conditions. In accordance with the author’s ideas, the history of the Russian pedagogical psychology in the pre-revolutionary period is considered as an interdisciplinary field of knowledge, which was determined by the interaction between psychology and pedagogy.
State-Run Banks, Money Growth, and the Real Economy
Authors: Morck Randall , Yavuz M. Deniz , Yeung Bernard
Published: April 2019

Within countries, individual state-run banks’ lending correlates with prior money growth; similar private-sector banks’ lending does not. Aggregate credit and investment growth correlate with prior money growth more where banking systems are more state-run. Size and liquidity differences between state-run and private-sector banks do not drive these results; further tests discount broad classes of alternative explanations. Tests exploiting heterogeneity in political pressure on state-run banks associated with privatizations and elections suggest a command-and-control pseudo-monetary policy channel: changes in money growth, perhaps reflecting political pressure on the central bank, change banks’ lending constraints; political pressure actually changes state-run banks’ lending.

This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.
The Crucial Role of Oxygen for Health
Authors: Meletis Chris D. , Wilkesa Kimberly
Published: April 2019

The human body is dependent upon oxygen for its survival. Yet, various factors such as aging, psychological stress, obstructive sleep apnea, exposure to cigarette smoke, living at high altitude, high-intensity exercise, or a sedentary lifestyle can all lead to a hypoxic state. Hypoxia may be involved in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders including impaired immunity, hormonal imbalances, fibromyalgia, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, depression, and anxiety. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and massage are two means by which to improve oxygen perfusion. Certain dietary supplements such as Ginkgo biloba, coenzyme Q10, and beetroot juice can increase oxygenation through enhanced blood flow while branched-chain amino acids and omega-3 fatty acids can improve maximum oxygen consumption V̇o2max. Additionally, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D may reduce the incidence of sleep apnea while N-acetyl cysteine may protect against hypoxia injury related to sleep apnea.
Regionalización turística del estado de Oaxaca
Authors: Domínguez Martínez David Mauricio , Sánchez Crispín Álvaro
Published: April 2019

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal desarrollar una propuesta de regionalización turística en el estado de Oaxaca a partir de determinar y evaluar la jerarquía funcional de sus centros regionales, la distribución territorial de sus atractivos turísticos y, principalmente, la accesibilidad regional mediante el análisis su red carretera; lo anterior, con el fin de establecer una jerarquización de regiones y determinar una plataforma cognoscitiva que permita contribuir en la planeación y racionalización del espacio turístico en la entidad oaxaqueña.
La geografía de los animales: oportunidades y desafíos de un nuevo enfoque para el estudio geográfico de las relaciones entre el ser humano y los animales
Authors: Serrano-Montes José Luis , Caballero Calvo Andrés
Published: April 2019

En el contexto geográfico iberoamericano, el análisis de la fauna silvestre se ha insertado tradicionalmente en el campo de la zoogeografía, mientras que el estudio de la ganadería y de la fauna cinegética se ha abordado desde la geografía rural y del turismo y, en menor medida, desde la geografía del paisaje. En la geografía anglosajona, sin embargo, a partir de los años noventa del siglo XX, se ha venido desarrollando una nueva corriente conocida como “geografía de los animales”. Con una perspectiva diferente –en este caso desde la geografía cultural–, analiza la dimensión espacial de las complejas relaciones entre el ser humano y los animales. Mediante una revisión de la literatura existente, en el presente trabajo se lleva a cabo un análisis y caracterización de esta nueva corriente geográfica. Así mismo, se exploran las oportunidades y desafíos que la geografía de los animales presenta para la geografía iberoamericana.
Situación geográfica turística en la era urbana y devenir campo-ciudad en América Latina
Authors: Sizzo Ilia Alvarado , Costa Everaldo Batista da
Published: April 2019

El debate de la era urbana tiende a abstraer, dicotomizar y eclipsar la interacción rural-urbano, que es el aspecto originario y duradero de las ciudades. Frente a ello, esta investigación objetiva proponer la discusión de la situación geográfica turística oriunda de esta interacción en Latinoamérica. Se defiende la tesis de que la fricción, tensión y simbiosis de lo rural-urbano por el turismo en pequeñas ciudades del continente, a través del imaginario individual y colectivo idílico de la cultura y de la “naturaleza” gestado en la metrópolis, virtualizan ruralidades concretas. Metodológicamente, se propone una cartografía de la situación geográfica turística, la cual integra un palimpsesto de variables, escalas y de temporalidades propias del mundo rural-urbano pueblerino y metropolitano. Se elude la fuerza de la dicotomía rural/urbano o campo/ciudad, así como el protagonismo analítico de las metrópolis, para interpretar las conectividades de aglomeraciones escalares, donde las resistencias y/o virtualidades de las ruralidades son los motivos de las conexiones. Los sitios mineros de Pirenópolis (Goiás, Brasil) y Real de Catorce (San Luis Potosí, México) fundamentaran la revisión teórica y la propuesta metodológica.
Delimitación geográfico/conceptual del «Mediterráneo sur». ¿Un regional security complex?
Authors: Priego Moreno Alberto
Published: April 2019

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto clarificar cómo ha evolucionado el Espacio Mediterráneo tras los cambios acaecidos en la zona con las denominadas Primaveras Árabes. La idea principal del trabajo es centrarse en el Mediterráneo Sur como un espacio que se amplía y se contrae como consecuencia de las transformaciones internas. Debido a estas transformaciones internas se produce la incorporación de actores externos que provocan cambios en la relación de fuerzas de la zona. Para dar cuenta de estas realidades tan dinámicas y cambiantes, usaremos la teoría de Relaciones Internacionales del Regional Security Complex por tratarse de la construcción teórica más adaptable a esta realidad cambiante.
Martínez de Hoz: ¿neoliberal o desarrollista? la clase dominante Argentina frente al programa económico implementado durante la última dictadura argentina, 1976-1981
Authors: Sanz Cerbino Gonzalo Sebastián , Sartelli Héctor Eduardo
Published: April 2019

A 40 años de su paso por el Ministerio de Economía, durante la última dictadura militar argentina, la gestión de Martínez de Hoz sigue despertando polémicas. ¿Encabezó un programa de reformas neoliberales o más allá de su prédica mantuvo las barreras proteccionistas de una economía cerrada en beneficio de una burguesía industrial orientada al mercado interno? En este artículo nos proponemos volver sobre un tópico transitado de la historiografía económica con una hipótesis original: Martínez de Hoz llevó adelante un plan coherente con los intereses de la gran burguesía industrial argentina, que no podía ser liberal (como la burguesía agropecuaria), pero tampoco “populista” (como los industriales de menor tamaño). Para corroborar nuestra hipótesis analizaremos las propuestas económicas de estas facciones de la burguesía y su relación con la política implementada por Mar-tínez de Hoz.