bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterização dos Ensaios Clínicos Randomizados sobre Urgência e Emergência Realizados por Enfermeiros no Brasil
Authors: Brito Ana Clara Alves de , Ramos Raquel Gouveia , Silva Girleide Isídio da , Almeida Ana Karolina Félix de , Sá Guilherme Guarino de Moura , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Realizar a caracterização dos ensaios clínicos randomizados sobre urgência e emergência realizados por enfermeiros no Brasil. Método: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo. Realizado em laboratório do Instituto Federal de Pernambuco Campus Pesqueira, por intermédio de acesso ao banco de dados online do Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos. Na coleta dos dados aplicou-se instrumento, composto por 23 questões que foram preenchidas de acordo com informações de cada estudo. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o software Microsoft Excel 2016. Resultados: Dos 321 estudos cadastrados na ReBEC, sete (2,1%) correspondiam a pesquisas realizadas sobre urgência e emergência. Quanto ao público avaliado, dois estudos (28,6%) investigaram enfermeiros, dois (28,6%) foram realizados com estudantes de enfermagem, dois (28,6%) pesquisaram pacientes e um (14,2%) foi constituído para estudantes surdos. No tocante ao tipo de mascaramento, cinco (71,4%) estudos foram abertos; um (14,3%) do tipo unicego e um (14,3%) duplo-cego. Todos os autores encontravam-se filiados a instituições públicas de caráter Federal ou Estadual. Conclusão: Este estudo aponta a limitada atuação da enfermagem na realização de Ensaios Clínicos Randomizados relacionados a urgência e emergência no Brasil.
The Influence of Syncretism on the Ethnic Denominations of African Religion in the Benue Valley of Nigeria: The Tiv in Perspective
Authors: Adega Andrew Philips
Published: February 2022

In a competitive world where everyone and every system is trying to outdo one another to create a sense of relevance, the tendency of not being satisfied with a particular way in which something has been done over the years is often to copy or emulate what the other is doing. Religion is not free from this tendency; and this creates a situation where some elements or a reasonable chunk of ideas are copied and fussed into a religious tradition from one or more opposing or distinct religious groups. The idea of fusion in religious circles is known as religious syncretism. The paper is motivated by the seemingly fusion of Christian and Islamic patterns of beliefs in the Ethnic Denominations of African Religion in the Benue Valley of Nigeria. The paper adopts the Phenomenological and Analytic Methods. In the area of data collection, two main methods: the primary and secondary methods of data collection have been employed. In the primary source of data collection, observation and oral interview methods were used. On the other hand, the secondary sources of data collection employed the use of textbooks, journal articles, newspaper/magazine articles and e-sources. The paper discovered that syncretism has been a reoccurring decimal in religious circles. Thus, a particular religion copies and infuses into its system some distinct ideas from a different religious tradition. The Ethnic Denominations of African Religion in the Benue Valley particularly Tiv Religion has been greatly influenced by syncretism. Tiv Religion has adopted and fused certain beliefs from Christianity and Islam in such areas as prayers, use of prayer beads, holy water and worship patterns. It is the view of this paper that if this trend goes unchecked, the Ethnic Denominations of African Religion in the Benue Valley especially Tiv Religion would wholly syncretize itself in the garb of foreign religious traditions. The paper suggests that the adherents of Tiv Religion should continue with their unique way of prayer and worship as prescribed in Tiv Religion instead of syncretizing different religious practices with the prospects of losing their entire culture to foreign ones. The uniqueness of Tiv Religion and culture must be protected from going extinct. The practitioners of the Ethnic Denominations of African Religion in the Benue Valley must note the fact that God listens to those who worship him through different cultural platforms. Therefore, one does not need to adopt foreign ideas to be relevant or heard by God. This is what makes God, God.
Short Segment Pedicle Screw Fixation for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures. Percutaneous without Fusion Versus Open Pedicle Screw Fixation with Posterolateral Fusion
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Aslam , Mehmood Khalid , Shah Irfanullah
Published: February 2022

Background: Fixation of thoracolumbar burst fractures (TLBF) with short segment pedicle screw construct has become popular over last few decades. Spine surgeons have started to deal advanced degenerative spinal pathologies with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) as well. Short segment PPSF has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment option for TLBF fixation in fewer studies so far. This study compared the short segment open pedicle screw fixation (OPSF) with fusion to a short segment PPSF without fusion in the management of TLBF. Methods: Between December 2019 and October 2021, fifty nine patients underwent short-segment pedicle screw fixation, 32 PPSF while 27 OPSF for TLBF. Each of the three follow-up examinations included radiographs to ensure that the spinal column had recovered to its pre-injury state. A lateral thoracolumbar radiograph was used to calculate the Cobb angle, vertebral wedge angle, and vertebral body compression ratio. In this study, patients' pain and function were assessed using the VAS, the Frankel grading system, and the Low Back Outcome Score (LBOS). Additionally, the volume of blood loss and the time required to finish the procedure were also noted. Results: Regional Cobb angle improved post operatively in both groups without any disparity when assessed the two groups, which was noticed till three months. Operative time and blood loss was less in PPSF. LBOS and VAS markedly improved during early follow ups in PPSF group compare to OPSF. Concluding follow up did not show significant difference between PPSF and OPSF. Conclusions: Open or percutaneous short-segment pedicle fixation with or without fusion is secure and efficient treatment option for TLBF. PPSF alone resulted in a greater reduction in pain and improvement in functional ability than the OPSF during initial time period which substantially improve overall outcome in management of TLBF.
Characteristics of Post-Neurosurgical Nosocomial Bacterial Meningitis in Adults: A retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shah Irfanullah , Shaikh Muhammad Aslam , Mehmood Khalid
Published: February 2022

Aim: To analyze the characteristics of Post-neurosurgical nosocomial bacterial meningitis in adults Study design: A retrospective cross-sectional study Place and duration: Riyadh Care Hospital/ National Care Hospital, from July 2005 to June 2010 then 2013 to 2018. Methodology: Over ten years, sixty-two patients above the age of 16 years who suffered from Post-neurosurgical nosocomial bacterial meningitis were evaluated by collecting clinical data. The cases were divided into two categories, the first one from July 2007 to June 2012 and second one from August 2013 to July 2018. Results: Among the 62 patients, there were 43 males and 19 females with post-neurosurgical nosocomial bacterial meningitis. It was recorded in the first group that the percentage of post-neurosurgical nosocomial meningitis in all culture-proven adult bacterial meningitis was 12 percent and for the second group it was seen to be 27 percent. The most constant clinical characteristics were fever and gradual consciousness disruption, which may be related to various postoperative neurosurgery issues. The most prevalent pathogens were recorded to be pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococcus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and lastly, Escherichia coli. During the second era, there was a rise in polymicrobial illnesses and multi antibiotic resistance. Mortality was 22% in the first group of the study and 36% in the second group of the study. Conclusion: The selection of appropriate empirical antibiotics is complex and is necessary to be guided by knowledge of the comparative ratio of multiple diseases as well as the rising prevalence of resistant strains. To increase the likelihood of survival, early diagnosis is suggested with optimal antibiotic selection based on in vitro susceptibility testing, epidemiologic patterns, and lastly, metabolic derangement treatment to be advised and required. Keywords: Bacterial Meningitis, adults, post-neurosurgery
Predictors of Early Outcome in Patients Admitted at the Emergency Department with Traumatic Brain Injury: a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Aslam , Shah Irfanullah , Mehmood Khalid
Published: February 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that help predict early mortality in patients in the emergency department that have suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. Study design: A retrospective cross-sectional study Place and duration: Chandka Medical College/ Civil Hospital Larkana. April 2018- March 2020 Methodology: Retrospective analysis was used to study 198 patients that were admitted to the emergency department due to severe traumatic brain injury. The radiological, clinical, basic demographical, and biological data were all recorded when the patient was first admitted and while they were staying in the emergency department. Results: The results showed that 42 patients died. According to the univariate analysis, the presence of low value of Glasgow coma scale, bilateral mydriasis, shock, the high value of injury severity score, and cardiac arrest played a major role in the deaths of such patients. Poor outcome was associated with cerebral hematoma, subdural hematoma, and meningeal hemorrhage. A link was seen between poor prognosis and cardiac arrest and cerebral hematoma. Conclusions: In our study, subdural hematoma, intracranial hematoma, and meningeal hemorrhage were associated with mortality. To improve the prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury, prehospital care has to be improved. Additionally, futile resuscitations should be avoided. It is also very important to take a CT scan of the head as urgently as possible to detect operable mass lesions. Keywords: traumatic brain injury, early outcome, emergency department
ANSIEDADE E ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL NA ADOLESCÊNCIA: COMO MANEJAR?
Authors: Silveira Goldani Pinheiro Andréa Maria da , Pacheco Patrícia Maria de Azevedo , Campos Luís Antônio Monteiro , Behar Claudia Brandão , Oliveira Thelma Mary Araujo de
Published: February 2022

A ansiedade é um tema muito estudado e discutido na contemporaneidade. Em alguns casos a exacerbação dos sintomas associados à ansiedade leva ao surgimento dos transtornos ansiosos. Os adolescentes pela própria fase de desenvolvimento  vivem muitas incertezas e inquietações, sendo sujeitos aos referidos transtornos. Em tempos de isolamento social a probabilidade parece aumentar. A Terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) oferece ferramentas ricas e úteis para que os adolescentes aprendam a manejar a ansiedade e assim se protegerem dos prejuízos advindos dos transtornos. Nesse artigo, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, teremos como objetivo discutir sobre ansiedade, adolescência, isolamento social e apresentar a TCC como ferramenta para manejo da ansiedade.
Análise da aplicabilidade do Design of Experiments no Mercado Financeiro
Authors: Leonel Luciano Érik , Munhoz Cardoso Rafael , Batista Ribeiro Rosinei , Formigoni Alexandre , Antonio Simões Eliane
Published: February 2022

O mercado financeiro, especificamente o mercado de ações, é um setor que absorve as consequências das instabilidades econômicas dos países, retendo riscos durante o seu processo de atuação. Nesse contexto, ferramentas de apoio vem se popularizando frente aos gestores como o Design of Experiments, que pode ser implantada no desenvolvimento e na otimização de sistemas, de processos e de produtos, porém, nota-se através de estudos que a mesma é subutilizada na área financeira. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar a aplicabilidade do Design of Experiments em áreas distintas e os seus impactos. Para isso, serão analisadas as publicações dos últimos 10 anos, por região, idiomas e autores para obtenção dos registros mais relevantes no que se refere à utilização do DOE especificamente no mercado financeiro. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo por recorrer às evidências de Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RS). Espera-se, no entanto, por meio de análise bibliométrica, a incorporação de uma possível alternativa para o gerenciamento e análise de riscos no mercado financeiro.
Desempenho do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) nos Territórios da Baixada Litorânea Paraibana
Authors: Saturnino Gomes Maria de Lourdes , Marini Fillipe , Batista de Souza João
Published: February 2022

O objetivo foi quantificar e verificar o acesso ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar pelos municípios que constituem os Territórios da Cidadania e Rurais na Paraíba. A metodologia utilizada foi a interpretação da pesquisa documental, a partir do Sistema de Gestão e Prestação de Contas. Foi utilizado os anos de exercício 2015 até 2017, para: a) valor total dos projetos aprovados nas chamadas públicas municipais; b) número de pessoas físicas e jurídicas do seguimento familiar beneficiárias; c) percentual de compras de gêneros alimentícios da agricultura familiar. Como resultado observou-se que dos 65 municípios que compõem a região, apenas 35,38% destes efetuaram o mínimo de compras da agricultura familiar da merenda escolar. O Território Vale do Paraíba é o que mais compra, sendo 87% dos produtos disponíveis a venda para merenda escolar. O Território da Cidadania Zona da Mata Sul que detém o maior recurso e é o que menos utilizou.
Management of medical institutions on context of provision medical and preventive care in COVID-19 condition
Authors: Okhabska Iryna , Budzyn Vira , Rybchych Ivan , Zyma Ivan , Kalichak Yurii
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study management of medical institutions in the context of providing medical and preventive care in conditions of COVID-19 is an urgent research problem because it provides detection of management’s effective mechanism in times of crisis. It was to identify the management’s peculiarities of medical institutions in the context of providing medical and preventive care in conditions of COVID-19. The article uses a qualitative content analysis method, a method of comparison, and a method of analysis of countries’ cases in the context of rendering medical and preventive care in Ukraine, Spain, Italy, Germany, and the Czech Republic. The article identifies the main elements of the health system management mechanism during the pandemic, which includes coordinated work by stakeholders to ensure a coordinated response to the emergency. The mechanism includes the organizational, legal, and financial components of cooperation between agencies and ministries of national, regional level, involvement international organizations in the process of development of policy and tactics, management crisis’ strategies. Strategic documents of the national level are one of the main elements of the management’s system.
TO THE QUESTION OF EXPANSION OF THE PONTIC SYNCRETIC CULT OF MĒN—MITHRA—ATTIS IN BOSPORUS
Authors: Суворова Н.И.
Published: February 2022

Объектами исследования стали терракотовые статуэтки, обнаруженные в Танаисе и на окраине с. Ремонтное Ростовской области. Датируем их I в. до н.э. — I в. н.э. Иконографический и морфологический анализ позволяют интерпретировать эти статуэтки как изображения Мена, Митры и Аттиса. Их синкретический культ проник в наш регион из Понта во II в. до н.э. Прослеживается связь данных культов с более ранним культом земледельческих богов кабиров. Что же касается исследуемых статуэток, то сам факт их обнаружения на Нижнем Дону и в удаленных районах Ростовской области свидетельствует о популярности этого синкретического понтийского культа у населения восточной окраины Боспорского царства и сопредельных территорий на рубеже н.э.

The objects of study are the terracotta figurines, discovered in Tanais and on the periphery of Remontnoye village, Rostov Oblast, which are dated 1st c. BCE — 1st c. CE. Iconographic and morphological analysis interprets the figurines as depictions of Mēn, Mithra and Attis. Their syncretic cult found its way in the region from Pont in 2nd c. BCE. The connection of these cults with the Kabeiri’s earlier cult of agricultural deities can be clearly observed. As for the studied figurines, the fact that they were discovered on Lower Don, as well as in remote regions of Rostov Oblast, demonstrates that this Pontic syncretic cult was popular among settlers of the eastern periphery of Bosporan Kingdom and neighboring territories in 1st c. BCE — 1st c. CE.
НАДГРОБНЫЕ НАДПИСИ НА ДРЕВНЕЕВРЕЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ ИЗ РЕГИОНA РАЙСН (БЕЛАРУСЬ И УКРАИНА)
Authors: Nosonovsky M.
Published: February 2022

Hebrew gravestone inscriptions from Jewish cemeteries from the region called Raysn (mostly in current Belarus and partially in Ukraine) are studied as a historical source and a literature genre. The epitaphs express the idea of a connection between the ideal world of Scripture and religious Hebrew books and the world of everyday life of a shtetl or community. This can be traced at several levels. First, at the level of inscriptions’ structure, the epitaph includes an indication of the place (“here lies”), time (date), and name, thus tying the deceased to a specific “coordinate system”. Second, biblical quotations emphasize the relation of a particular life and death to the situation with that described in the Bible. Third, at the language level, despite the fact that epitaphs are almost always written in Hebrew and not in Yiddish, we are dealing with certain features of Hebrew—Yiddish bilingualism. Hebrew terms could simultaneously be Yiddish lexemes. We observe orthography code-switching between Hebrew consonant spelling and Yiddish phonetic spelling, depending on whether the concept is found in Hebrew holy books or in everyday life. Fourth, epitaphs occupy an intermediate position between the “high”, author's literature and canonical religion, on the one hand, and folk literature and religion, on the other hand. The difference between the epitaphs from Ukraine and Belarus is discussed.

Надгробные надписи на иврите с еврейских кладбищ из района Райсн (в основном на территории современной Беларуси и Украины) рассматриваются и изучаются как исторический источник и литературный жанр. Эпитафии выражают идею связи между идеальным миром Священного Писания и религиозных книг на иврите и миром повседневной жизни местечка или общины. Это прослеживается на нескольких уровнях. Во-первых, на уровне структуры надписей эпитафия включает указание места («здесь лежит»), времени (даты) и имени, тем самым привязывая покойного к определенной «системе координат». Во-вторых, библейские цитаты подчеркивают связь конкретной жизни и смерти с ситуацией, описанной в Библии. В-третьих, на уровне языка, несмотря на то, что эпитафии почти всегда пишутся на иврите, а не на идише, мы имеем дело с некоторыми особенностями двуязычия иврит—идиш. Термины на иврите могут одновременно быть лексемами идиша. Мы наблюдаем переключение орфографического кода между консонантной орфографией иврита и фонетическим написанием на идиш, в зависимости от того, встречается ли понятие в священных книгах или в повседневной жизни. В-четвертых, эпитафии занимают промежуточное положение между «высокой», авторской литературой и канонической религией, с одной стороны, и народной литературой и религией, с другой. Обсуждается разница между эпитафиями из Украины и Беларуси.
STELE OF THE 16th с. FROM KUMUKH VILLAGE — A HIGHLY ARTISTIC WORK OF ISLAMIC ART
Authors: Маммаев М.М.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматриваются особенности декоративной отделки надмогильного памятника начала XVI в. из селения Кумух Лакского района Республики Дагестан. Этот памятник привлекал в прошлом внимание искусствоведов, историков, эпиграфистов, но как памятник камнерезного искусства и высокохудожественное произведение исламского искусства оставался подробно не изученным. Исходя из искусной резьбы стелы, четкой, ясной, хорошо продуманной композиции декора, каллиграфически выполненных рельефных арабских надписей в гармоничном сочетании с растительным орнаментом, автор рассматривает ее как высокохудожественное произведение средневекового камнерезного искусства Дагестана. Автор допускает возможность датировки стелы несколько более ранним временем, чем предшествующие исследователи, а именно началом XVI в. с учетом особенностей ее декоративного убранства. Судя по размерам, отделке надмогильного памятника и эпитафии, можно полагать, что погребенный имел высокий прижизненный социальный статус и погиб мучеником (араб. шахид ас-са’ид) в сражении в период военного противостояния Гази-кумухских шамхалов и Кабардинских князей.

The article examines the features of decorative decoration of the tombstone of the beginning of the 16th century from the village of Kumukh (Lak district, Republic of Dagestan). Earlier this stele drew attention of art critics, historians, epigraphists, but as the monument of stone-cutting art and highly artistic work of Islamic art not studied in detail. Proceeding from a skillful carving of the stele, the accurate, clear, well thought decor composition, calligraphic Arab inscriptions in a harmonious combination with a vegetable ornament, the author considers it as highly artistic work of medieval stone-cutting art of Dagestan. The author admits the possibility of dating the stele a little earlier than previous researchers, namely the beginning of the 16th c. taking into account the features of its artistic. Judging by the size, decoration of the stele and epitaph, it can be believed that the buried man had a high lifetime social status and died as a martyr (Arab. shahid al-sa'id) in the battle during the military confrontation between the Ghazi-Kumukh shamkhals and Kabarda princes.
ON THE PROPOSAL OF THE CANDIDATURE OF F.I. SCHMIT TO THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR
Authors: Ананьев В.Г. , Бухарин М.Д.
Published: February 2022

Федор Иванович Шмит — крупный отечественный византинист, историк и теоретик искусства, музеевед. Данная статья посвящена одному из эпизодов его научной деятельности в середине — второй половине 1920-х гг.: взаимоотношениям с Академией наук СССР и попытке выдвижения его кандидатуры в действительные члены АН СССР в 1928—1929 гг. Теоретические построения Шмита не находили понимания у представителей академической корпорации, однако с энтузиазмом принимались учеными более молодого поколения. В частности, представители музейного мира активно поддержали выдвижение Шмита в академики.

Fyodor Ivanovich Schmit was a prominent Russian Byzantinist, art historian and museologist. This article is devoted to one of the episodes of his academic biography in the mid — second half of the 1920th: his relations with the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and an attempt to propose him as a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1928—1929. Schmit's theoretical conceptualizations did not find understanding among members of the academic corporation, but they were enthusiastically accepted by scholars of the younger generation. In particular, representatives of the museum world actively supported Schmit's election to the Academy.
SARCOPHAGOUS TOMBSTONE WITH KUFIC INSCRIPTION OF THE DERBENT MUSLIM NECROPOLIS OF THE 11th — 12th cc.
Authors: Гаджиев М.С. , Гасанов М.А.
Published: February 2022

В 2020 г. в ходе охранно-спасательных археологических наблюдений в Дербенте был выявлен мусульманский могильник, представляющий обособленный участок некогда обширного средневекового городского некрополя Дербента, располагавшегося за пределами архитектурного выделенного шахристана. Данный участок насчитывает свыше 80 саркофагообразных надмогильных памятников, которые условно именуются по их форме «саркофаги» и датируются последней третью XI—XII вв. Среди них представлен единственный саркофаг, на южной продольной боковой стороне которого имеется врезная надпись — эпитафия, выполненная на арабском языке почерком куфи. Текст ее гласит: «Это могила Мухаммада, лудильщика. Да будет над ним милость Аллаха!».Памятник представляет редкий образец саркофагообразных надмогильных памятников с надписью. Согласно эпитафии, погребенный являлся лудильщиком и эта информация расширяет круг ремесленных специальностей, существовавших в Дербенте XI—XII вв., и служит указанием на специализацию ремесленного труда в обработке цветных металлов, учитывая существование в это время в Дербенте изготовителей медных предметов, медников. Вместе с тем, в тексте эпитафии, очевидно, следует видеть не только указание на профессию, но и прозвище погребенного — Мухаммад ал-Лахим «Мухаммад Лудильщик». Не исключено, что этот саркофаг был установлен над погребением одного из уважаемых представителей суфийской общины Дербента последней трети XI—XII вв.

In 2020 during secure and rescue archaeological observations in Derbent, the Muslim burial ground, representing once vast separate section of medieval urban necropolis of Derbent outside the architecturally allocated shahristan, was identified. This site has more than 80 sarcophagus-shaped tombstones, which are conventionally referred to by their shape as “sarcophaguses” and dated to the last third of the 11th — 12th centuries. Among them there is a single sarcophagus, on the southern longitudinal side of which there is an inset inscription — epitaph, written in Arabic in Kufi handwriting. Its text reads: “This is the grave of Muhammad, the tinsmith. May Allah have mercy on him!”.The monument is a rare example of sarcophagus-shaped tombstones with inscription. According to the epitaph, the buried man was a tinker and this information expands the range of craft specialties that existed in Derbent in the 11th — 12th centuries, and indicates the specialization of handicraft work in the processing of non-ferrous metals, taking into account the existence of manufacturers of copper objects, coppersmiths in Derbent. At the same time, the text of the epitaph shows not only the profession, but also the nickname of the buried man — Muhammad Lahim “Muhammad Tinsmith”. It’s possible that this sarcophagus was installed over the burial of one of the respected representative of the Sufi community in Derbent of the last third of the 11th — 12th centuries.
HEAD OF MACE-SHESHPER FROM DERBENT
Authors: Гаджиев М.С. , Будайчиев А.Л. , Абдулаев А.М. , Мамаев Р.Х.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается железное навершие булавы—шестопера, обнаруженного в ходеархеологических исследований в Дербенте. Находка была выявлена на территории новооткрытого мусульманского могильника, датируемого последней третью XI—XII вв. и включающего более 80 каменных саркофагообразных надмогильных памятников. Появление таких погребальных памятников в Дербенте и других местах Дагестана связывается с пребыванием здесь сельджукских воинских контингентов. Обстоятельства обнаружения навершия шестопера указывают на то, что шестопер специально был подложен под плиту ограды обособленного погребального комплекса, который объединял четыре саркофагообразных надмогильных памятника. Авторы приводят аналоги, определяют датировку шестопера и его значение как статусного предмета вооружения. Найденный шестопер мог принадлежать погребенному здесь одному из командиров сельджукского воинского гарнизона, упомянутых в списке «Мучеников Баб ал-абваба» и похороненных на кладбищах Дербента.

The article examines the iron head of the mace-sheshper found during archaeological research in Derbent. The find was made on the territory of a newly discovered Muslim burial ground dating from the last third of the 11th — 12th centuries and including more than 80 stone sarcophagus-shaped burial monuments. The appearance of such tombstones in Derbent and other places of Daghestan is associated with the stay of the Seljuk military contingents here. The circumstances of the discovery of the head of sheshper indicate that it was specially laid under the fence plate of a separate funeral complex, which included four sarcophagus-shaped tombstones. The authors point to the analogous finds, determine the dating of the sheshper and its value as a status weapon and fix the status of this type of maces in Seljuk Empire. The found mace could belong to one of the commanders of the Seljuk military garrison which are mentioned in the list of “Martyrs of Bab al-Abwab” and were buried in the cemeteries of Derbent.
К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ЦАРЯ ИБЕРИИ АМАЗАСПА, КОРОЛЕВЫ ДРАКОНТИСЫ И КОРОЛЕВСКОГО ЧИНОВНИКА АНАГРАНА, УПОМЯНУТЫХ В ТРЕХ ГРЕЧЕСКИХ НАДПИСЯХ, НАЙДЕННЫХ В МЦХЕТЕ
Authors: Phiphia N. , Kobakhidze E.
Published: February 2022

Three Greek inscriptions found in Mtskheta reveal interesting information about Ancient Iberian royal court. However, identification of each of the persons, especially the king, is quite problematic. Still, there are some possibilities to deal. King of Iberia is mentioned in all three inscriptions, one of them reveals his name fully, another one partially, while king’s name is lost in the third one, however, one passage may still give us some hints about his identity or at least about Roman aspirations of Iberian court. Queen Dracontis is known only from one inscription. As for the royal official — commander in-chief and the only minister of Iberian king Anagranes, he is mentioned in all three inscriptions, being himself the sponsor of all the constructions. The paper focuses more on the issue of identification of King Amazasp mentioned in these inscriptions and some other issues connected with the major topic.

Три греческие строительные надписи, найденные в г. Мцхета, содержат весьма ценную информацию о царском дворе Древней Иберии. Но идентификация каждой персоны, особенно иберийского царя, по ним крайне проблематична. Однако некоторые выводы все же можно сформулировать. Так, царь Иберии упомянут во всех трех надписях. Первая из них содержит его имя полностью, вторая — частично, а в третьей оно утрачено, хотя один пассаж все-таки дает возможность его установить, а также указывает на проримскую ориентацию Иберииского царского двора. Царица Драконтис известна только по одной надписи. Главнокомандующий и единственный министр Иберииского царя Анагранес упомянут во всех трех надписях. Что не случайно. Ведь он выделил средства на постройки. Статья в основном касается идентификации царя Амазаспа, упомянутого в этих надписях, а также других вопросов, связанных с этой проблемой.
SCYTHIAN GRAVES OF BARROW 14 OF THE “SLUICEWAY” GROUP IN THE LOWER DNIESTER REGION
Authors: Синика В.С. , Лысенко С.Д. , Разумов С.Н. , Закордонец О.А.
Published: February 2022

В работе впервые публикуются скифские погребения кургана 14 группы «Водовод», изученного в 2018 г. у с. Глиное Слободзейского района на левобережье Нижнего Днестра. Научные данные, полученные при исследовании этого кургана, позволяют обратить особое внимание на некоторые элементы погребального обряда — помещение предметов на перекрытие могилы и под тело погребённого. В захоронениях найдены орудия труда (нож, шило, иглы, пряслица точильный брусок), зеркало и два туалетных сосуда (чернолаковый и лепной), посуда (чернолаковые канфар и солонка, лепной горшок), многочисленные украшения (ожерелье из бусин, браслеты из бусин, бронзовый браслет, раковины моллюсков, бронзовые перстни, три цепочки из бронзовых колец), а также предметы культа (кусочки охры, зуб собаки, две гальки, каменная плита со следами сажи и большой набор астрагалов). На основании чернолаковых сосудов курган 14 группы «Водовод» датируется второй четвертью IV в. до н.э.

The paper publishes for the first time the Scythian graves from barrow 14 of the “Sluiceway” (“Vodovod”) group, which was studied near the Glinoe village, Slobodzeya district, on the left bank of the Lower Dniester in 2018. The scientific data obtained during the study of this mound allow us to pay special attention to some elements of the funerary rite such as placing objects on the grave covering and under the body of the buried. The graves contained tools (a knife, an awl, needles, a whorl, a whetstone), a mirror and two toilet vessels (blackglazed and handmade), vessels (blackglazed kantharos and a saltcellar, a handmade pot), numerous adornments (necklace of beads, bracelets of beads, a bronze bracelet, mollusk shells, bronze finger rings, three chains of bronze rings), as well as cult objects (pieces of ocher, a dog's tooth, two pebbles, a stone slab with traces of soot and a large set of astragali). Barrow 14 of the "Sluiceway" group dates to the second quarter of the 4th c. BCE on the basis of blackglazed vessels.
IMPORTED HELLENISTIC COINS FOUND NEAR PARTIZANSKOE VILLAGE (SOUTHWEST CRIMEA) AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE
Authors: Андриевский Д.В. , Чореф М.М.
Published: February 2022

Публикуется небольшая, но весьма интересная подборка монет, найденных в начале XXI в. жителями села на поверхности холма Тавель. Это бронзовые монеты, отчеканенные в Сиракузах при Гикете II и Гиероне II, а также в Александрии или на Кипре при Птолемеях II, VI и VIII, а также IX или X. Вряд ли эти монеты могли одновременно использоваться в Юго-Западной Таврике в качестве платежных средств, т.к. выпущены они в двух достаточно удаленных государствах по различным стопам, из малоценного бронзового сплава. Речь идет, очевидно, о разновременных подношениях местному святилищу, находившемуся в III—I вв. до н.э. на холме Тавель. Монеты жертвовали, вероятно, потому, что чтили размещенные на них изображения. Сам же факт обнаружения этих артефактов свидетельствует о наличии контактов между населением предгорий Таврики и государств Центрального и Восточного Средиземноморья в указанный период.

Our attention was attracted by rather small yet interesting numismatic sample of the Hellenistic times. The coins were gathered at the beginning of the 2000s by the residents of the village on the present-day surface of the Tavel hill. The sample consists of bronze coins minted in Syracuse under Hiketas II and Hieron II as well as in Alexandria or in Cyprus under Ptolemies II, VI, and VIII, as well as IX or X. Judging by the fact that coins were released by rather remote polities using different standards of coinage based on low-value bronze alloys, it seems unlikely that they could be simultaneously used in Southwest Taurica as means of payment. We believe that we are dealing with offerings repeatedly made for the local sanctuary which situated upon Tavel hill between the 3rd and the 1st century BCE. We assume that the reason why coins were donated to the sanctuary was that the images placed on them were honored. The very fact of the discovery may surely testify that some contacts took place in the time range mentioned above between the population of the foothills of Taurica and those of the polities in Central and Eastern Mediterranean.
GORGON IN THE RELIGION OF MAEOTES
Authors: Шауб И.Ю.
Published: February 2022

Огромная популярность изображений Горгоны Медузы (преимущественно горгонея) на различных артефактах, обнаруженных в курганах Скифии и Боспора, обычно объясняется апотропеическим значением её образа, которое было обусловлено влиянием греческой культуры на варваров. Однако находку золотого горгонея, который был главным объектом поклонения в одном из меотских святилищ у аула Уляп (Адыгея), таким образом интерпретировать невозможно. Сходство между Горгоной Медузой и древней чеченской и ингушской богиней-матерью Тушоли, которая почиталась в виде зловещей маски, позволяет предполагать, что в горгонее меоты видели образ одной из главных ипостасей Великой богини, которую почитали и другие местные племена Причерноморья. Кроме того, у варваров, которые практиковали ритуальное отсечение человеческой головы и окружали её религиозным почитанием, горгоней должен был ассоциироваться с этим культом

The immense popularity of the images of the Gorgon Medusa (mainly the gorgoneus) on various artifacts found in the mounds of Scythia and the Bosporus is usually explained by the apotropaic significance of her image, which was due to the influence of Greek culture on the barbarians. However, the finding of the golden gorgoneus, which was the main object of worship in one of the Maeotian sanctuaries near the village of Ulyap (Adygea), cannot be interpreted in this way. The similarity between the Gorgon Medusa and the ancient Chechen and Ingush Mother goddess Tusholi, who was worshiped in the form of an ominous mask, suggests that the Maeotes saw in the gorgonea the image of one of the main hypostases of the Great Goddess, who was also worshiped by other local tribes of the Black Sea region. In addition, among the barbarians, who practiced the ritual cutting off of the human head and religiously revered it, the gorgoneus should have been associated with this cult.
BURIALS OF THE LATE BRONZE AGE FROM THE BARROWS OF THE “DOT”, “GARDEN”, “SLUICEWAY” GROUPS NEAR THE GLINOYE VILLAGE ON THE LEFT BANK OF THE LOWER DNIESTER
Authors: Лысенко С.Д. , Разумов С.Н. , Лысенко С.С. , Синика В.С. , Тельнов Н.П.
Published: February 2022

Публикация посвящена материалам эпохи поздней бронзы, обнаруженным в курганах групп «ДОТ», «Сад» и «Водовод» у с. Глиное Слободзейского района, расположенных в бассейне р. Красная на левобережье Нижнего Днестра. В восьми курганах было зафиксировано 25 погребений позднего бронзового века. Исследованные погребальные комплексы могут быть отнесены к днепро-прутской бабинской и сабатиновской культурам. Прослежены контакты с культурами Правобережной лесостепи рубежа средней—поздней и поздней бронзы.

The paper deals with the materials of the Late Bronze Age found in the barrows of the groups “DOT”, “Garden” and “Sluiceway” near the Glinoe village, Slobodzeya district, located in the Krasnaya River basin on the left bank of the Lower Dniester. 25 graves of the Late Bronze Age were discovered in 8 mounds. The investigated burials can be attributed to the Dnieper-Prut Babino culture and Sabatinovka culture. Contacts with the cultures of the Right-bank forest-steppe of the Middle-Late and Late Bronze Age are traced.
WHO COULD BE AND WHO COULD NOT BE JUDGED BY GIRAYS: ON COURT AND TRIAL IN THE KHANATE OF CRIMEA
Authors: Почекаев Р.Ю.
Published: February 2022

В статье анализируются полномочия монархов Крымского ханства в судебной сфере на протяжении всего времени существования этого государства с XV по XVIII вв. Выявляются основные уровни и направления судебной деятельности крымских ханов — как высшей судебной инстанции в ханстве, как участника суда дивана, полномочия ханов в области организации и деятельности судов беев и шариатских судов в Крыму. Предпринимается попытка ответить на вопрос, почему судебная компетенция крымских ханов была существенно ограничена по сравнению с аналогичной компетенцией правителей Монгольской империи и Золотой Орды. При этом принимаются во внимание особенности политического положения Крыма (как вассала Османской империи и государства с высокой степенью политической нестабильности) и религиозной ситуации на полуострове. В качестве источников исследования выступают официальные документы Крымского ханства — ханские ярлыки и судебные реестры, исторические хроники, а также записки иностранных дипломатов и путешественников, побывавших в Крыму в XVI—XVIII вв. Автор приходит к выводу, что крымские ханы, номинально сохраняя прежние чингизидские традиции (в т.ч. статус верховного судьи в государстве), фактически были весьма ограничены в судебной сфере в пользу официальных шариатских судов и феодальной верхушки ханства. Однако отдельные категории судебных дел продолжали оставаться в их исключительном ведении, кроме того, у ханов были значительные полномочия в сфере организации суда в Крымском ханстве.

The article is an analysis of the judicial functions of khans of the Crimea since 15th to 18th c. Basic levels and directions of the khan’s justice as the supreme court of the khanate are clarified. Besides that khans are also characterized as organizers of the court of divan, beys’ courts and courts of qadis in accordance with Shariat. Author attempts to answer the question why the justice of Crimean khans was substantially limited in comparison with monarchs of the Mongol Empire and the Golden Horde. At that specific feature of political statement of the Crimean Khanate (as a vassal of the Ottoman Empire and a state with unstable political situation), religious situation in the Crimean Peninsula are taken into account. The sources for the study are official documents of the Crimean Khanate such as khans’ yarliks, court registers, historical chronicles and notes of foreign travelers who visited Crimea in 16th — 18th cc. Author finds that khans of Crimea de-jure saved Chinggisid traditions (as supreme judges in the khanate), but were substantially limited in their court power de-facto because of feudal aristocracy and courts of qadis. Nevertheless, several kinds of cases as before remained in their competence. Also khans had wide potentialities in the field of organization of the court system of khanate.
SOME NOTES ON THE TAMGA-SIGNS OF SARMATIANS AND THEIR NEIGHBOURS
Authors: Яценко С.А. , Рогожинский А.Е.
Published: February 2022

Публикуются прототипы сарматских зеркал-подвесок с тамгами, известные во II—I вв. до н.э. вокруг оз. Балхаш в Казахстане. Там же представлены позднетагарские сюжеты в искусстве и тамги будущих правителей более западных территорий. В тагарском Большом Салбыкском кургане тамги позднего времени, аналогичные сарматским, изображены узкими полосами по краям. В поздний период использования храма Байте III среди сарматских региональных тамг преобладают знаки Нижнего Дона и«варварского» Крыма I — начала II вв., когда торговля была наиболее интенсивной. Интересны обряды над стелой с тамгами в Мингурюке. На конской упряжи и поясах римских офицеров второй четверти — середины II в. н.э. сарматские тамги относятся к среднесарматской культуре и представляют самые сильные группировки (Аорсия на западе Украины и Алания на Нижнем Дону). Эти знаки на эффектных трофеях стали частью «сарматской моды» кавалерии, наряду с военной экипировкой номадов. Рассмотрены единичные важные находки с тамгами, связанные с Ольвией и Пантикапеем.

The prototypes of Sarmatian mirrors-pendants with tamgas known in the 2nd — 1st centuries BCE around Balkhash Lake, Kazakhstan. There are also late Tagar subjects in art and also tamgas of future rulers of more western territories. In the Tagar Great Salbyk Barrow tamgas of late time, similar to Sarmatian ones, were depicted in narrow stripes along the edges. In the late period of use of Bayte III temple the signs of the Lower Don and the “Barbarian” Crimea predominate among the Sarmatian regional tamgas in the 1st — early 2nd cc. CE when trade was most intense. The rituals over the stele with tamgas in Minguriuk are interesting. On the horse harness and belts of the Roman officers of the 2nd quarter — middle 2nd c. CE the tamgas belong to the Middle Sarmatian culture and represent the strongest groups (Aorsia in the west of Ukraine and Alania on the Lower Don). These signs on spectacular trophies become the part of “Sarmatian fashion” for cavalry, along with the military equipment of nomads. The single important finds with tamgas associated with Olbia and Panticapaeum are analyzed also.
THE HOARD FROM THE STROENTSY FORTIFIED SETTLEMENT ON THE LEFT BANK OF THE MIDDLE DNIESTER
Authors: Фидельский С.А.
Published: February 2022

В 2018 г. на городище у с. Строенцы Рыбницкого района был обнаружен вещевой клад раннего железного века. В его состав входило не менее восьми бронзовых и серебряных изделий — украшений (три браслета, парные серьги и перстень) и аксессуаров костюма (две фибулы и цепочка). Предметы, по всей видимости, были помещены в лепной сосуд или в его поддон. Среди ранних вещей следует выделить раннелатенские фибулы последней трети IV — первой половины III в. до н. э. Однако на основании датировок более поздних вещей (цепочки и перстня) время депонирования клада следует отнести к третьей четверти III в. до н. э. Установить, кем был депонирован клад, невозможно. Тем не менее, обнаруженные вещи отчетливо сочетают в себе ювелирные традиции фракийской, скифской и латенской культур.

In 2018, an Early Iron Age hoard was discovered in the expanse of fortified settlement near Stroentsy in Rybnitsa district. The hoard consisted of at least eight objects of bronze and silver, with personal ornaments (three bracelets, paired earrings, and a finger ring) and costume accessories (two fibulae and a chain) included. Apparently, the objects were placed in a vessel modeled by hand or in the bottom part of this. As the earliest objects, the early La Tene fibulae should be distinguished which are dated within the time range from the last third of the 4th century until the first half of the 3rd century BCE. However, the deposition time of the hoard should be attributed to the third quarter of the 3rd century BCE based on the dating of the latest items, namely a chain and a finger ring. It is impossible to establish who deposited the hoard. Nevertheless, the items discovered clearly combine the jewelry traditions of the Thracian, Scythian and La Tene Cultures.
XRF-АНАЛИЗЫ ЭЛЕКТРОВЫХ МОНЕТ VII—IV вв. ДО Н.Э.: МОНЕТНЫЙ КЛАД (КЛАДЫ?) ИЛИ НЕСКОЛЬКО ГРУПП МОНЕТ
Authors: Zlateva B. , Doychinova M. , Prokopov I.
Published: February 2022

The subject of the publication is a group of electrum coins of Mysia — Kyzikus, Ionia — Lesbos, Mytilene, Phokaia, and Erythrae. The coins are 83 in number and were found together in a shipment of smuggled traffic. The numismatic term coin hoard, in this case, is not preferable by the authors and the group of coins is called coin pile. Given the need to prepare expertise for authenticity, some of the coins were analyzed for their metal composition. Detailed information is represented on the identification of coins and X-ray fluorescence analysis. In a catalog, the coins are arranged for convenience following thematic and chronological order.Key words: numismatics, electrum coinage, coin hoard, elemental composition of the metal.

Предмет публикации — группа монет из электрума Мисии (Кизик) и Ионии (Лесбос, Митилена, Фокея, Эрифры). Авторы не называют эту стопку монет нумизматическим термином «монетный клад». Всего монет 83, и обнаружены они были вместе в партии контрабанды. Учитывая необходимость подготовки экспертизы подлинности, был проанализирован состав металла некоторых монет. Приводится все данные по идентификации и рентгенофлуоресцентному анализу этих весьма редких образцов. Для удобства монеты расположены в каталоге в тематическом и хронологическом порядке.