bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Axial stretch regulates rat tail collecting lymphatic vessel contractions
Authors: Razavi Mohammad S. , Leonard-Duke Julie , Hardie Becky , Dixon J. Brandon , Gleason Rudolph L.
Published: April 2020

Lymphatic contractions play a fundamental role in maintaining tissue and organ homeostasis. The lymphatic system relies on orchestrated contraction of collecting lymphatic vessels, via lymphatic muscle cells and one-way valves, to transport lymph from the interstitial space back to the great veins, against an adverse pressure gradient. Circumferential stretch is known to regulate contractile function in collecting lymphatic vessels; however, less is known about the role of axial stretch in regulating contraction. It is likely that collecting lymphatic vessels are under axial strain in vivo and that the opening and closing of lymphatic valves leads to significant changes in axial strain throughout the pumping cycle. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the responsiveness of lympatic pumping to altered axial stretch. In situ measurements suggest that rat tail collecting lymphatic vessels are under an axial stretch of ~1.24 under normal physiological loads. Ex vivo experiments on isolated rat tail collecting lymphatics showed that the contractile metrics such as contractile amplitude, frequency, ejection fraction, and fractional pump flow are sensitive to axial stretch. Multiphoton microscopy showed that the predominant orientation of collagen fibers is in the axial direction, while lymphatic muscle cell nuclei and actin fibers are oriented in both circumferential and longitudinal directions, suggesting an axial component to contraction. Taken together, these results demonstrate the significance of axial stretch in lymphatic contractile function, suggest that axial stretch may play an important role in regulating lymph transport, and demonstrate that changes in axial strains could be an important factor in disease progression.
Diversity and Multiplicity of P. falciparum infections among asymptomatic school children in Mbita, Western Kenya
Authors: Touray Abdoulie O. , Mobegi Victor A. , Wamunyokoli Fred , Herren Jeremy K.
Published: April 2020

Multiplicity of infection (MOI) and genetic diversity of P. falciparum infections are important surrogate indicators for assessing malaria transmission intensity in different regions of endemicity. Determination of MOI and diversity of P. falciparum among asymptomatic carriers will enhance our understanding of parasite biology and transmission to mosquito vectors. This study examined the MOI and genetic diversity of P. falciparum parasite populations circulating in Mbita, a region characterized as one of the malaria hotspots in Kenya. The genetic diversity and multiplicity of P. falciparum infections in 95 asymptomatic school children (age 5–15 yrs.) residing in Mbita, western Kenya were assessed using 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers. An average of 79.69% (Range: 54.84–95.74%) of the isolates analysed in this study were polyclonal infections as detected in at least one locus. A high mean MOI of 3.39 (Range: 2.24–4.72) and expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.81 (Range: 0.57–0.95) was reported in the study population. The analysed samples were extensively polyclonal infections leading to circulation of highly genetically diverse parasite populations in the study area. These findings correlated with the expectations of high malaria transmission intensity despite scaling up malaria interventions in the area thereby indicating the need for a robust malaria interventions particularly against asymptomatic carriers in order to attain elimination in the region.
Evaluating the performance of raw and epoch non-wear algorithms using multiple accelerometers and electrocardiogram recordings
Authors: Syed Shaheen , Morseth Bente , Hopstock Laila A. , Horsch Alexander
Published: April 2020

Accurate detection of accelerometer non-wear time is crucial for calculating physical activity summary statistics. In this study, we evaluated three epoch-based non-wear algorithms (Hecht, Troiano, and Choi) and one raw-based algorithm (Hees). In addition, we performed a sensitivity analysis to provide insight into the relationship between the algorithms’ hyperparameters and classification performance, as well as to generate tuned hyperparameter values to better detect episodes of wear and non-wear time. We used machine learning to construct a gold-standard dataset by combining two accelerometers and electrocardiogram recordings. The Hecht and Troiano algorithms achieved poor classification performance, while Choi exhibited moderate performance. Meanwhile, Hees outperformed all epoch-based algorithms. The sensitivity analysis and hyperparameter tuning revealed that all algorithms were able to achieve increased classification performance by employing larger intervals and windows, while more stringently defining artificial movement. These classification gains were associated with the ability to lower the false positives (type I error) and do not necessarily indicate a more accurate detection of the total non-wear time. Moreover, our results indicate that with tuned hyperparameters, epoch-based non-wear algorithms are able to perform just as well as raw-based non-wear algorithms with respect to their ability to correctly detect true wear and non-wear episodes.
Risk factors for orthodontic mini-implants in skeletal anchorage biological stability: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Casaña-Ruiz María Dolores , Bellot-Arcís Carlos , Paredes-Gallardo Vanessa , García-Sanz Verónica , Almerich-Silla José Manuel , Montiel-Company José María
Published: April 2020

The reason of the biological stability loss of mini-implants is still a matter of discussion between dentistry professionals. The main objective of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis was to analyze the risk factors that prejudice this loss. A search was made in the electronic databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane, in addition a manual search was made too in Grey Literature (Opengrey). No limits were set on the year of publication or language. The inclusion criteria were: studies in humans treated with fixed appliances with mini-implants, where the risk factors for secondary stability were evaluated for a minimum of 8 weeks. After eliminating duplicate studies and assessing which ones achieve the inclusion criteria, a total of 26 studies were selected for the qualitative synthesis, 18 of them were included in the quantitative synthesis. Common risk variables were compared in all of them. Analyzing the forest and funnel plots, statistically significant differences were obtained only for location, the upper maxilla having lower risk than the mandible with an odds ratio of 0.56 and confidence interval of 0.39 to 0.80. Prospective studies under controlled conditions should be required in order to obtain a correct assessment of the variables analyzed.
Easy-handling minimum mass laser target scaffold based on sub-millimeter air bubble -An example of laser plasma extreme ultraviolet generation-
Authors: Musgrave Christopher S. A. , Shoji Shuntaro , Nagai Keiji
Published: April 2020

Low density materials can control plasma properties of laser absorption, which can enhance quantum beam generation. The recent practical extreme ultraviolet light (EUV) is the first industrial example of laser plasma source with low density targets. Here we propose an easy-handling target source based on a hollow sub-millimeter microcapsule fabricated from polyelectrolyte cationic and anionic surfactant on air bubbles. The lightweight microcapsules acted as a scaffold for surface coating by tin (IV) oxide nanoparticles (22–48%), and then dried. As a proof of concept study, the microcapsules were ablated with a Nd:YAG laser (7.1 × 1010 W/cm2, 1 ns) to generate 13.5 nm EUV relatively directed to laser incidence. The laser conversion efficiency (CE) at 13.5 nm 2% bandwidth from the tin-coated microcapsule (0.8%) was competitive compared with bulk tin (1%). We propose that microcapsule aggregates could be utilized as a potential small scale/compact EUV source, and future quantum beam sources by changing the coating to other elements.
Variations in sub-daily precipitation at centennial scale
Authors: Förster Kristian , Thiele Luisa-Bianca
Published: April 2020

Due to data availability long-term variations in precipitation rates are mostly studied based on daily precipitation recordings. Recent research suggests, however, that variations in sub-daily precipitation are subject to higher dynamics compared to daily precipitation and a more rapid intensification is likely. Here we show that both observational data with at least 58 years of sub-daily precipitation records and a dynamical downscaling approach with low spatial resolution based on atmospheric re-analysis data confirm these expectations with consistent results. High percentiles of precipitation are subject to multi-decadal oscillations and increased during the last 150 years. We found an increase of 4% K−1 (daily), 12% K−1 (hourly), and 13% K−1 (10 min), which is consistent with Clausius–Clapeyron- (CC) and super CC-scaling, respectively. These findings highlight that dynamical downscaling can help to reliably shed light on sub-daily precipitation variations if small timescales are considered in the experiments.
Personalized predictions of patient outcomes during and after hospitalization using artificial intelligence
Authors: Hilton C. Beau , Milinovich Alex , Felix Christina , Vakharia Nirav , Crone Timothy , Donovan Chris , Proctor Andrew , Nazha Aziz
Published: April 2020

Hospital systems, payers, and regulators have focused on reducing length of stay (LOS) and early readmission, with uncertain benefit. Interpretable machine learning (ML) may assist in transparently identifying the risk of important outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations at a tertiary academic medical center and its branches from January 2011 to May 2018. A consecutive sample of all hospitalizations in the study period were included. Algorithms were trained on medical, sociodemographic, and institutional variables to predict readmission, length of stay (LOS), and death within 48–72 h. Prediction performance was measured by area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), Brier score loss (BSL), which measures how well predicted probability matches observed probability, and other metrics. Interpretations were generated using multiple feature extraction algorithms. The study cohort included 1,485,880 hospitalizations for 708,089 unique patients (median age of 59 years, first and third quartiles (QI) [39, 73]; 55.6% female; 71% white). There were 211,022 30-day readmissions for an overall readmission rate of 14% (for patients ≥65 years: 16%). Median LOS, including observation and labor and delivery patients, was 2.94 days (QI [1.67, 5.34]), or, if these patients are excluded, 3.71 days (QI [2.15, 6.51]). Predictive performance was as follows: 30-day readmission (AUC 0.76/BSL 0.11); LOS > 5 days (AUC 0.84/BSL 0.15); death within 48–72 h (AUC 0.91/BSL 0.001). Explanatory diagrams showed factors that impacted each prediction.
Inflammation and cardiovascular disease: are marine phospholipids the answer?
Authors: Lordan Ronan , Redfern Shane , Tsoupras Alexandros , Zabetakis Ioannis
Published: April 2020

This review presents the latest research on the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids (FA) and n-3 FA bound to polar lipids (PL). Overall, n-3 PL may have enhanced bioavailability and potentially bioactivityversusfree FA and ester forms of n-3 FA.
Hydrothermal synthesis of cobalt telluride nanorods for a high performance hybrid asymmetric supercapacitor
Authors: Manikandan M. , Subramani K. , Sathish M. , Dhanuskodi S.
Published: April 2020

A one-step hydrothermal derived cobalt telluride nanorods and activated carbon-based hybrid asymmetric supercapacitor delivered a high energy (40.7 W h kg−1) and power density (22.5 kW kg−1) with an electrochemical stability of 85% for 10000 cycles.
Palladium supported on a novel ordered mesoporous polypyrrole/carbon nanocomposite as a powerful heterogeneous catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids and ketones on water
Authors: Ganji Nasim , Karimi Babak , Najafvand-Derikvandi Sepideh , Vali Hojatollah
Published: April 2020

Aerobic oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids and ketones in water using palladium species supported on an ordered mesoporous polypyrrole/carbon nanocomposite.
A theory for the temperature effect on the chain length dependence of the diffusivity of oligomers
Authors: Wong Chi Pui Jeremy , Choi Phillip
Published: April 2020

Temperature effect on the size dependence of the diffusivity of oligomers is explained by free volume theory.
The characterization of self-assembled nanostructures in whole blood
Authors: Pitman Mark , Larsen Jessica
Published: April 2020

This tutorial describes methods of characterizing nanomaterials in whole blood, and the associated benefits and shortcomings of each technique.
Isopropanol as a hydrogen source for single atom cobalt-catalyzed Wacker-type oxidation
Authors: Huang Guanwang , Wang Lianyue , Luo Huihui , Shang Sensen , Chen Bo , Gao Shuang , An Yue
Published: April 2020

The first example of Wacker-type oxidation catalyzed by a single atom cobalt catalyst under dioxygen using isopropanol as the hydrogen source was established.
Inorganic reaction mechanisms
Authors: de Visser Sam P. , Rourke Jonathan P. , Vincent Kylie A.
Published: April 2020

Sam de Visser, Jonathan Rourke and Kylie Vincent introduce this Dalton Transactions themed collection on inorganic reaction mechanisms.
Nanostrip flexible microwave enzymatic biosensor for noninvasive epidermal glucose sensing
Authors: Xue Qiannan , Li Zheyu , Wang Qikun , Pan Wenwei , Chang Ye , Duan Xuexin
Published: April 2020

A nanostrip flexible microwave biosensor based on highly ordered nano-1D metamaterials is presented for epidermal trace glucose sensing.
Carbon dot-assisted luminescence of singlet oxygen: the generation dynamics but not the cumulative amount of singlet oxygen is responsible for the photodynamic therapy efficacy
Authors: Teng Xu , Li Feng , Lu Chao , Li Buhong
Published: April 2020

The rapid generation dynamics of 1O2 rather than its cumulative amount is responsible for better treatment efficacy in PDT.
Plasmonic nanopapers: flexible, stable and sensitive multiplex PUF tags for unclonable anti-counterfeiting applications
Authors: Cheng Hongrui , Lu Yongfeng , Zhu Dongyan , Rosa Lorenzo , Han Fei , Ma Mingguo , Su Wenyue , Francis Paul S. , Zheng Yuanhui
Published: April 2020

Highly flexible and stable plasmonic nanopaper comprised of silver nanocubes and cellulose nanofibres was fabricated through a self-assembly-assisted vacuum filtration method.
Correction: Dynamic covalent polymer networks via combined nitroxide exchange reaction and nitroxide mediated polymerization
Authors: Jia Yixuan , Matt Yannick , An Qi , Wessely Isabelle , Mutlu Hatice , Theato Patrick , Bräse Stefan , Llevot Audrey , Tsotsalas Manuel
Published: April 2020

Correction for ‘Dynamic covalent polymer networks via combined nitroxide exchange reaction and nitroxide mediated polymerization’ by Yixuan Jia et al., Polym. Chem., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/c9py01878f.
Surface double coating of a LiNiaCobAl1−a−bO2(a> 0.85) cathode with TiOxand Li2CO3to apply a water-based hybrid polymer binder to Li-ion batteries
Authors: Watanabe Tatsuya , Hirai Kouji , Ando Fuma , Kurosumi Shoudai , Ugawa Shinsaku , Lee Hojin , Irii Yuta , Maki Fumihiko , Gunji Takao , Wu Jianfei , Ohsaka Takao , Matsumoto Futoshi
Published: April 2020

Recently a water-based polymer binder has been getting much attention because it simplifies the production process of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and reduce their cost.