bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hermeneutic comprehensions on female vulnerabilities belonging to the collective of lesbians, bisexuals, and transexuals
Authors: Peixoto Myllena Ferreira , Conceição Vander Monteiro da , Silva Silvio Eder Dias da , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira , Araújo Jeferson Santos
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To reveal the comprehension of women and health professionals about the feminine vulnerability belonging to the collective of lesbians, bisexuals, and transsexuals’ women. Method Qualitative research, carried out from October 2018 to March 2019, in a Basic Health Unit located in Marabá - Pará, Brazil, using the hermeneutic-dialectic circle and inductive hermeneutic analysis. Five lesbians, bisexuals, and transsexuals’ women and five health professionals participated, through interviews. Results Health care for women, as described by the participants, promoted social and programmatic vulnerabilities structured by taboos and preconception, which endorsed exclusive professional behaviors in the provision of specific care, which consequently amplified risks and threatened the quality of life of this population. Conclusion The dissemination of this evidence is configured as an indicator to support future decisions regarding priorities, application of resources and professional training in the care of lesbians, bisexuals and transsexuals’ women.
Principialismo no exercício da medicina e em processos ético-profissionais
Authors: Salomão Marina Faria , Gontijo Luiza Ribeiro , Nunes Luisa Abdo Ramos , Magalhães Felipe Pueyo , Souza José Helvécio Kalil de , Castro Roberto Paolinelli de
Published: May 2021

Resumo Este estudo objetiva mostrar a importância dos princípios bioéticos de Beauchamp e Childress e reafirmá-los na prática médica a fim de diminuir os números exorbitantes de processos ético-profissionais impetrados por iatrogenia. Além disso, busca-se elucidar as fases do processo de modo a informar a comunidade médica sobre seu andamento. Para tal, realiza-se atualização bibliográfica pautada no Código de Ética Médica, no Código de Processo Ético-Profissional e em guias práticos e dinâmicos aplicados aos princípios da bioética. Conclui-se que o exercício da medicina pautado na ética, além de ser justo e benéfico ao paciente, é também modo de resguardar o profissional de possíveis interpretações equivocadas sobre sua conduta.
Síndrome de burnout em profissionais da saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Jarruche Layla Thamm , Mucci Samantha
Published: May 2021

Resumo A incidência de síndrome de burnout ou síndrome do esgotamento profissional é significativa entre trabalhadores da saúde, com impacto negativo no âmbito pessoal, institucional, governamental e no cuidado com os pacientes. Com o objetivo de investigar o campo de pesquisas brasileiras sobre o tema, foi realizada revisão integrativa da literatura selecionando 35 artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2019. Identificou-se alto índice de síndrome de burnout em profissionais da saúde, assim como alto risco de desenvolver essa síndrome e incidência de outros transtornos mentais. A maior parte das pesquisas envolve profissionais de medicina e enfermagem, apresenta a maioria dos profissionais de saúde como do sexo feminino e é desenvolvida em hospitais e unidades básicas de saúde. Ressalta-se a necessidade de desenvolver mais pesquisas na área, principalmente envolvendo outras categorias profissionais e abrangendo outros ambientes de trabalho, analisando ainda o impacto da predominância de profissionais mulheres na saúde.
Female nurses have a higher prevalence of urinary tract symptoms and infection than other occupations in dialysis units
Authors: Nerbass Fabiana B , Santo Cintia E , Fialek Edilaine V , Calice-Silva Viviane , Vieira Marcos A
Published: May 2021

Abstract Introduction: Urinary tract symptoms and infection have been associated with occupational factors that impact hydration habits particularly in women. We compared self-reported urinary symptoms and infection and hydration habits between nurses and other occupations in dialysis units. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Participants worked in five nephrology centers in Brazil and answered an online questionnaire comprising questions regarding urinary tract symptoms and infection episodes in the preceding year; data on usual daily beverage intake, urine frequency, and urine color according to a urine color chart were also collected, as well as perceptions of water access and toilet adequacy at work. Results: We included 133 women (age=36.9±9.5 years). The self-reported usual daily beverage intake was 6.6±2.9 cups/day (~1320 mL), daily urine frequency was 5.4±2.1, and urine color chart score: 3.0±1.2. Nurses (N=66/49.6%) reported higher prevalence of burning sensation (50 versus 27%; P<0.001), urinary urgency (42 versus 21%; P<0.001), and infection (42% versus 25%; P=0.04) as well as lower liquid intake (6.0±2.6 versus 7.3±3.0 cups/day; P=0.01) than controls. Forty four percent of nurses reported being able to drink when thirsty "always" and "most of the time" versus 93% of the control group. Conclusion: Dialysis female nurses reported lower beverage intake and higher prevalence of symptoms and infection than other occupations in the same environment. Interventions to improve hydration can potentially decrease urinary problems in this population.
Dimensões internas nasais de crianças com fissura labiopalatina e deficiência maxilar: comparação entre a técnica de rinometria acústica e a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico
Authors: Hassegawa Caroline Akemi , Garcia-Usó Michele Alves , Yatabe-Ioshida Marília Sakayo , Trindade Inge Elly Kiemle , Fukushiro Ana Paula , Carreira Daniela Gamba Garib , Trindade-Suedam Ivy Kiemle
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Comparar a geometria da cavidade nasal de crianças e adolescentes com fissura labiopalatina e deficiência maxilar por meio de dois métodos: a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico, considerada padrão-ouro, e a rinometria acústica. Método Foram avaliados, de maneira transversal, os exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e de rinometria acústica, previamente obtidos para fins de planejamento ortodôntico, de 17 crianças e adolescentes com fissura labiopalatina e atresia maxilar. Por meio do programa Dolphin Imaging 11.8, a cavidade nasal das imagens tomográficas foi reconstruída por dois avaliadores e foram obtidos os volumes internos nasais. Por meio da rinometria, os volumes nasais foram aferidos para as regiões V1 e V2. Os valores de cada exame foram, então, comparados, a um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados A análise estatística mostrou alta reprodutibilidade intra e interavaliadores na análise da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Os volumes internos nasais médios (± desvio-padrão), utilizando a rinometria acústica e a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico corresponderam a 6,6 ± 1,9 cm3 e 8,1 ± 1,5 cm3, respectivamente. A diferença entre os exames foi de 17,7%, considerada estatisticamente significante (p = 0,006). Conclusão Os volumes nasais aferidos pelos dois métodos são diferentes, ou seja, apresentam discrepâncias nas medidas. A técnica considerada padrão-ouro identificou volumes maiores na cavidade nasal. A determinação de qual exame reflete a realidade clínica constitui passo futuro importante.
Intervenção baseada em leitura compartilhada de histórias: efeito nas tarefas de baixo e alto nível de leitura e escrita
Authors: Zuanetti Patrícia Aparecida , Novaes Carolina Bernardi , Fukuda Marisa Tomoe Hebihara
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a eficácia de uma proposta de intervenção baseada em leitura compartilhada de histórias para a compreensão leitora, narrativa escrita e leitura/escrita de palavras. Método 44 crianças divididas em dois grupos, segundo o desempenho destas em uma prova de compreensão leitora – G1: crianças com dificuldade em compreensão leitora; G2: sem dificuldades. Todas as crianças foram avaliadas em relação à leitura e escrita de palavras isoladas, compreensão leitora de frases e narrativa escrita. Após avaliação as crianças do G1 participaram de um programa de intervenção (15 encontros) que estimulava a leitura compartilhada de histórias. Após a intervenção todas as crianças (G1 e G2) foram reavaliadas. Os resultados foram comparados intra e intergrupos, sendo aplicados testes estatísticos pertinentes, adotando o nível de significância menor que 0,05. Resultados Após o programa de intervenção as crianças do G1 apresentaram melhora significativa nas variáveis avaliadas. Na análise intergrupos, no momento da avaliação, G1 era diferente do G2 em leitura/escrita, compreensão leitora, capacidade julgar corretamente os verbos e em coerência textual. Na reavaliação, G1 se igualou ao G2 em coerência textual e, se aproximou do G2 em leitura/escrita de apalvras isoladas e compreensão leitora. Conclusão A leitura compartilhada de histórias promoveu o desenvolvimento das habilidades de baixo e alto nível de leitura e escrita, sendo mais eficaz para as estratégias de alto nível (exemplo, narrativa escrita). Sugere-se que, para questões ortográficas, um programa específico para este aspecto seja associado.
El pragmatismo en la historia inicial de la terapia ocupacional
Authors: Morrison Rodolfo
Published: May 2021

Resumen Cómo movimiento filosófico y fundamento epistemológico de la terapia ocupacional, el pragmatismo es citado en escasos textos al inicio de la profesión. Es por lo anterior, que en este artículo se busca describir las influencias de la filosofía pragmatista en los comienzos de la terapia ocupacional en Estados Unidos de América. Para ello, se centra en dos aspectos: 1. las relaciones de los/as pragmatistas y la primera generación de terapeutas ocupacionales; y 2. el desarrollo teórico de la terapia ocupacional y el pragmatismo, donde se destacan tres aspectos: i) el holismo en la profesión, ii) la significación de la subjetividad de las personas y iii) el pragmatismo de Meyer. Se concluye cómo el pragmatismo, a pesar de no ser una filosofía ampliamente divulgada en la profesión, presenta antecedentes contundentes respecto a su importancia en sus inicios. Finalmente, se plantean algunos desafíos y posibilidades relacionadas con los aportes que el pragmatismo podría tener para la disciplina hoy en día.
Atenção à saúde no território como prática democrática: ações em cenas de uso de drogas como analisadores da democracia brasileira
Authors: Rodrigues Rafael Coelho , Silva Cristiane Moreira da
Published: May 2021

Propomos articular democracia, produção de saúde e cuidado com grupos vulnerabilizados. Utilizamos como analisadores ações estatais em cenas de uso de drogas ilícitas em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, que coadunam com estratégias de intervenções sobre regiões tornadas negócios e sobre grupos que habitam tais regiões e, por isso, precisam ser removidos, que podem ser consideradas intervenções próprias ao neoliberalismo e seu correlato jurídico, o Estado de Exceção permanente. Entendemos que políticas de governo que pautam suas ações pela abstinência e internação dos usuários classificados como dependentes químicos estão em sinergia com a chamada guerra às drogas. Nosso objetivo é sinalizar que a atenção ao uso de substâncias psicoativas como preconizado pela estratégia da redução de danos tem potencial para capilarizar as diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira e, desse modo, do escopo democrático nos territórios de maior vulnerabilidade social.
Diálogos epistêmicos em Saúde Coletiva: a narrativa arendtiana como aporte teórico-metodológico para pesquisa sobre processos formativos em Saúde
Authors: Stelet Bruno Pereira
Published: May 2021

Um dos grandes desafios do campo da Saúde Coletiva tem sido encontrar estratégias de realização de estudos qualitativos sem furtar-se do rigor metodológico. A utilização de abordagens narrativas como ferramenta de pesquisa se constituiu como uma aposta para auxiliar na compreensão da experiência humana frente aos complexos processos de saúde-adoecimento. Neste artigo, assumimos o desafio de aproximar o pensamento filosófico de Hannah Arendt ao campo da Saúde Coletiva, refletindo sobre a formação em Saúde e tendo como base a ideia da pluralidade humana. No fim, abriremos chaves para a concepção arendtiana de “narrativa” que pode servir, ao mesmo tempo, como referencial epistemológico e metodológico para pesquisa qualitativa em Saúde Coletiva, em especial, sobre processos formativos em Saúde.
LABIOMANDIBULAR GLOSSOTOMY APPROACH FOR CRANIOCERVICAL PATHOLOGIES - SPINE RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Silva Jackson Daniel Sousa , Silva Luis Eduardo Carelli Teixeira da , Silva Felipe Gomes Sousa e , Tavares Renato Henrique , Barros Alderico Girão Campos de
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: Exposing the clivus and upper cervical spine should, ideally, provide an adequate surgical field in which the surgeon can safely decompress and stabilize the craniovertebral junction (CVJ). We present a series of four cases with a narrative review of the literature in which Median Labiomandibular Glossotomy was used to treat CVJ disorders, in order to highlight the importance and indications of this access. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent MLMG for several pathologies. The group comprised four patients (two men and two women). Five approaches were performed (one revision surgery). Results: The approach was suitable for all cases, clivus was achieved when necessary. Distally, C4 was exposed to obtain satisfactory osteosynthesis. Laterally, we had a good view of the tumor borders and control of the vertebral artery. Complications encountered were a superficial wound infection that was easily healed, a later pharyngeal wound dehiscence and pseudoarthrosis, all in the same patient. There are 3 main anterior surgical techniques for managing lesions of the clivus, foramen magnum or upper cervical vertebrae. We chose Median Labiomadibular Glossotomy (MLMG) as a primary option, which provided a direct view of the clivus, C3 – C4 caudally and a wider surgical field. The main advantages of the MLMG technique include direct access to spinal pathology, an avascular plane through the median pharyngeal raphe, and a wider surgical field in both the transverse and sagittal dimensions. Conclusion: This approach provides excellent exposure of the craniocervical junction and upper cervical spine. Level of evidence IV; Series of cases analyzed retrospectively.
CELL THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION
Authors: Campos Marcelo Ferraz , Silva Mariane de Barros Ribeiro da , Pinhal Maria Aparecida Silva , Salati Thiago , Rodrigues Luciano Miller Reis , Melo Carina Mucciolo
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Approximately 80% of the world population experiences some type of back pain at some point in their life, and in 10% of this population the pain causes chronic disability resulting in a high cost for the treatment of these patients, in addition to compromising their work and social interaction abilities. Current treatment strategies include the surgical procedure for degenerated intervertebral disc resection, the nerve root block and physiotherapy. However, such treatments only relieve symptoms and do not prevent the degeneration of intervertebral discs. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies have emerged and include manipulating cells to recover the degenerated disc. This article will discuss the possible cell therapy alternatives used in the disc regeneration process, featuring a descriptive study of translational medicine that involves clinical aspects of new treatment alternatives and knowledge of basic research areas, such as cellular and molecular biology. Level of evidence V; Expert Opinion.
COMPARISON BETWEEN RADIOGRAPHIC METHODS OF MEASURING FLEXIBILITY IN SCOLIOSIS
Authors: Garcia André Sousa , Vieira Fábio Antonio , Kruppa José Thiago Portella , Ueta Renato Hiroshi Salvioni , Puertas Eduardo Barros
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the preoperative radiographic method for measuring the Cobb angle that is closest to the postoperative result in patients with scoliotic deformity. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of radiographic spinal evaluation (preoperative posteroanterior (PA), bending, traction, traction under anesthesia and immediate postoperative posteroanterior (PO)) of 26 patients treated surgically for scoliotic deformities during the period from January 2017 to September 2019. The final mean Cobb angle and its decrease in relation to the PA value were evaluated in the three curves in patients with idiopathic (IS) and non-idiopathic scoliosis. Results: All the mean curve values were statistically significant, except for bending in non-idiopathic scoliosis (non-IS). The mean traction under anesthesia values were closer to the PO values. Regarding the delta (decrease) of the maneuvers in relation to the PA, no statistical significance was observed in the non-IS group. The traction under anesthesia maneuver had a greater delta in all curves. Conclusions: The traction under anesthesia maneuver in patients with idiopathic scoliosis is the method with the greatest flexibility and which best predicts the postoperative result. Level of evidence III; Diagnostic study.
Towards improving the seismic hazard map and the response spectrum for the state of RN/Brazil
Authors: Nóbrega Petrus Gorgônio Bulhões da , Souza Bruno Rammon Silva , Nóbrega Selma Hissae Shimura da
Published: May 2021

Abstract Although Brazilian seismic activity is defined as low to moderate, it is known that intraplate earthquakes can also be associated to high intensities. In Brazil, the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) is one of the most seismically active areas, but there is no specific study to evaluate the seismic hazard in this region. This paper presents analyses towards improving the seismic hazard map, the peak ground acceleration value and the response spectrum of RN. The methodology is based on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis, comparing the results to the design criteria defined in the Brazilian code NBR 15421:2006 (Design of seismic resistant structures – Procedure). The analyses show that, in general, the code sets conservative values for the peak ground acceleration and for the design response spectrum; however, related to this last one, the shape is quite different.
Size effect on the methodology with cylinder specimens for FRP-to-concrete debonding analysis
Authors: Borges Luana Ferreira , Santos Antonio Carlos dos
Published: May 2021

Abstract This is a study about the size effect on the methodology with concrete cylinder specimens for analysis of the debonding phenomenon at the interface between concrete and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (FRP). The influence of the concrete specimen size variation is analyzed by maintaining the same geometry in adhered FRP. Direct tensile experiments were performed with three dimensions of cylindrical concrete specimens (diameter × height) for analysis of size effect: 50 mm × 100 mm, 100 mm × 200 mm, and 150 mm × 300 mm. Ten different geometries of the composite material were tested. Two failure modes were observed in the experiments: debonding between the two materials and tensile failure in concrete specimens. In experiments with interface failure, the size of concrete specimens has no significant influence on maximum force, shear stress to peak, and stiffness in debonding between concrete and FRP. However, the use of smaller specimens for analysis of interface collapse is limited because the concrete reaches its normal stress capacity with a lower tensile force, and therefore, the failure often occurs in the concrete.
Shear in sand-lightweight and conventional high strength concrete through the push-off test
Authors: Figueiredo Patricia da Silva Pereira , Soares Thais Amaral , Garcia Sergio Luis González , Pereira Allonso Curty da Silva , Trindade Juliana Corrêa
Published: May 2021

abstract: Shear design models in reinforced concrete structures depend on stress transfer through cracks. Such mechanism is influenced by the displacement and roughness of the opposite faces generated during cracking. Shear is reduced when an aggregate particle is fractured leading to a smoother crack as found in lightweight and high strength concrete. This study evaluated the ultimate shear strength of sand-lightweight and conventional high strength concrete as well as the differences in their behavior. Results from Pereira and Soares with 29 push-off test specimens were used. Transverse clamping stress ranged from 4.79 to 12.71 MPa while fcm was 30 and 50 MPa. The experimental results showed significant differences in the concrete studied. A tri-linear model was proposed to calculate the ultimate shear strength. An overall mean value of τu, exp/τu, cal was 0.96.
Study of the influence of the foundation and the reservoir on the dynamic response in a concrete gravity dam profile
Authors: Silveira Iarly Vanderlei da , Pedroso Lineu José , Marotta Giuliano Santa
Published: May 2021

abstract: This work aims to verify the influence of the foundation and the reservoir on the dynamic behavior of concrete gravity dams in terms of the natural frequencies, vibration modes for a free vibration analysis; and in terms of maximum displacements and maximum stresses at singular points of the structure for a seismic excitation. The dam-reservoir-foundation interaction was investigated through modal and transient analysis by the finite element method via ANSYS APDL software. For this study, we used a typical Brazilian dam profile and compatible data from a Brazilian earthquake for the seismic excitation. The results showed the influence of the reservoir and the foundation on the natural frequencies in the coupled system, as well as its repercussions on the response of the dam under seismic excitation.
Advanced computer model for analysis of reinforced concrete and composite structures at elevated temperatures
Authors: Neves Natan Sian das , Camargo Rodrigo Silveira , Azevedo Macksuel Soares de
Published: May 2021

abstract: This paper is concerned on the development of a computational model based on finite element procedures for advanced analysis capable of estimating the behavior of reinforced concrete and composite steel-concrete plane structures exposed to fire. The program implemented is called NASEN, the specific thermo-structural module is used to analyze structures under fire conditions. The effects of geometric nonlinearity, material nonlinearity and nonlinear thermal gradients are incorporated into the model, as well as the degradation of material properties with increased temperature. The methodology applied for the solution is based on the unidirectional coupling of the thermal and mechanical solutions. The cross-sections of the structural elements are discretized with two-dimensional meshes for thermal analysis, while the structural analysis uses a one-dimensional beam-column element. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the computational code developed in relation to the numerical and experimental solutions found in the literature. In summary, the program adequately predicted the response of the studied structures.
Influencia de los anuncios publicitarios en redes sociales en la respuesta emocional y la intención de compra de bebidas lácteas funcionales
Authors: Garzon Medina Carolina , Forero Molina Sara Catalina , Pineda Ríos Wilmer Darío , Lopera Marín Alejandro
Published: May 2021

En la actualidad, la salud, el bienestar y la estética son relevantes para los consumidores y se ven inmersos en la publicidad a través de las redes sociales. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre los anuncios publicitarios vistos a través de redes sociales, la respuesta emocional y la intención de compra de bebidas lácteas funcionales en jóvenes universitarios entre 18 y 35 años de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. La metodología es de tipo cuantitativo, a través de un diseño cuasiexperimental de un grupo control, con medición pretest/postest, a partir de la aplicación de una escala de actitudes y de la toma de registros de electromiografía para las variaciones en la respuesta emocional, tomando como variable independiente los anuncios publicitarios vistos en las redes sociales Instagram y Facebook. Los resultados confirman la relación entre el contenido del anuncio publicitario y la intención de compra de bebidas lácteas funcionales. Se identifican dos tipos de consumidores, aquellos que basan sus decisiones de consumo en argumentos médicos y científicos, y los influenciados por las redes sociales, con premisas fundamentadas desde lo intuitivo, en el poder que ejercen los grupos de seguidores, el número de likes y la influencia de la tecnología.
Mediaciones parentales y uso de internet por niños, niñas y adolescentes colombianos
Authors: Moreno Carmona Norman Darío , Marín Cortés Andrés Felipe , Cano Bedoya Víctor Hugo , Sanabria Gonzalez Jorge Armando , Jaramillo Suárez Ángela María , Ossa Ossa Julio César
Published: May 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio correlacional sobre los controles y las mediaciones parentales frente al uso de internet por niños, niñas y adolescentes colombianos. Se trata de la encuesta EU Kids Online que fue aplicada en el año 2010 en 25 países europeos y, posteriormente, en Brasil en 2013 y en Chile en 2016. En el presente estudio, le encuesta fue adaptada y validada para la población colombiana mediante un panel de expertos y entrevistas cognitivas a usuarios. Se conformó una muestra estratificada y no probabilística de 303 estudiantes de ambos sexos de colegios públicos y privados, con edades entre 9 y 17 años y uno de sus padres o cuidadores, habitantes de 11 ciudades del país, quienes respondieron a los tres instrumentos de KidsOnline, una encuesta autoaplicada, otra dirigida a los estudiantes, y una tercera dirigida a los padres o cuidadores. Los resultados muestran relaciones entre el control parental y un menor tiempo de conexión a internet por parte de los hijos: el control del padre está relacionado con menor presencia de conductas adictivas a internet y al celular y, por el contrario, una relación autoritaria con la madre está relacionada con mayor presencia de conductas de riesgo en los hijos y específicamente, en el uso de internet. Además, las habilidades digitales de los padres son las que mejor están asociadas con una mediación activa, que los involucra más en las actividades digitales de sus hijos.
Mining managers’ causal attributions of socio-environmental conflicts and intergroup perceptions
Authors: León Federico R. , Barrantes Fanny
Published: May 2021

The unprecedented mining boom of the 1990s in Latin America may or may have not contributed to socioeconomic development in the region, but it has certainly been accompanied by increased socio-environmental conflicts. Economists and sociologists have developed taxonomies for such conflicts and have attempted to explain them based on theories of resource mobilization, rational options, social cohesion, and identity construction applied to settings of generally extreme poverty. This study developed and tested psychological hypotheses based on personal values, attribution theory, reputational concern of the firm, intergroup threat theory, and UV radiation theory entailing mining managers’ reactions to socio-environmental conflicts in Peru and effects of latitude and altitude. Forty-three Corporate Social Responsibility managers of the 49 mining corporations registered in the Society of Mining, Petroleum, and Energy of Peru filled-in a 20-minute questionnaire in the presence of one of the investigators at company offices (December 2017). 100 % of respondents were male, most of them middle-aged. A 3-factor structure of political, economic, and ecological concerns sustained the attributions of cause whereas mine’s surrounding populations were perceived as moral, incompetent, and positive; in balance, these perceptions represent favorable conditions for conflict resolution. However, contrary to expectations, firm’s experience of socio-environmental conflicts was not associated with these outcomes. Rather, geography emerged as a moderator of the relationship between the level of socio-environmental conflict experienced and managers’ perceptions of the surrounding populations. These results suggest that mining managers more affected by socio-environmental conflict strengthened racial stereotypes in response to the external challenge.
Facilitadores en el procesamiento cognitivo de la información rítmica
Authors: Álamos Gómez José Eduardo , Tejada Giménez Jesús
Published: May 2021

Los modelos de percepción del ritmo han estudiado una importante variedad de características generales de las estructuras temporales y elementos específicos del ritmo musical, y presentan un grado de heterogeneidad en los objetos de estudio. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las investigaciones convergen en el análisis de los procesos relacionados con la detección, por parte del oyente, de un pulso temporal subyacente. Estos procesos, junto con otros como la agrupación temporal, se han denominado “aspectos básicos” o “primitivos”, ya que parecen fundamentales para la percepción de secuencias rítmicas simples. En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión de la literatura en la que se describen, sintetizan y relacionan los hallazgos de las investigaciones vinculadas con el procesamiento cognitivo de los aspectos rítmicos básicos (pulso, tempo, metro y acento) con el objeto de especificar ciertas características temporales que facilitan la comprensión psicológica del ritmo. La información presentada se ha obtenido de revistas científicas indexadas y de textos fundamentales en el estudio del procesamiento temporal y rítmico a nivel cognitivo. En relación con el pulso, parece existir consenso en que los seres humanos tienden a la isocronía y a la regularidad, y el espectro de tempo óptimo es aquel que oscila entre 60 y 120 pulsos por minuto. Los niños pequeños tendrían un tempo preferido más rápido. El metro conforma un marco que permite la previsibilidad y organización de los eventos rítmicos futuros, y se evidencia una predisposición de las personas hacia los metros binarios por sobre los ternarios. Los hallazgos presentados en este artículo deben ser considerados en el futuro para promover la comprensión psicológica del ritmo en diversos contextos individuales y/o grupales, especialmente en educación musical.
influence of the geographical environment on Islamic banking performance
Authors: El Khatib Ahmed Sameer
Published: May 2021

The main goal of this study is to examine the influence of the geographic environment on the performance of Islamic banks present in four regions: Africa, Asia, Europe and North America. To achieve this goal, we have used daily data from 113 Islamic banks between 2010 and 2019. We applied different methodological approaches, such as principal component analysis and quantile regression with fixed effects for panel data. As a result, we found that the analysis of the main components shows that the performance of Islamic banks varies between regions. The regression of the linear panel highlights that the geographic environment positively and significantly affects the Islamic banking system, suggesting the importance of this aspect’s effects. Finally, the environmental effect seems to vary with the quantiles, bringing positive effect to the lower quantile and negative effect to the highest quantile. This quantile specification points to the environment-performance nonlinear relationship of the Islamic bank, reflecting a discipline variable in the time imposed by the Council of Shariah or Islamic Law. This discovery helps to better explain the main difference between Islamic banks in the East and those in the West, and also allows investors to adjust their portfolio options when considering the products of Islamic banks according to regional specificities.
Effectiveness of dental emergency services in a community health center in Santiago, Chile.
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile., Pinto-Grunfeld Camila , Garay Bernardita ,   Clínica Uno Salud, Santiago, Chile., Majluf Diego ,   Clínica Dentique, Santiago, Chile.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Describe the demographic characteristics of the population attending the dental emergency services in health Center Juan Petrinovic, located in Santiago, Chile, and examine the effectiveness of dental treatment given to this population. Material and Methods: Before-after study, where 45 patients were surveyed twice, first, before their dental care and then in phone call follow-up. Patients completed interviewer-administered surveys that asked about patients’ self-reported pain level, oral health-related quality of life, and demographic information. Demographic information collected included age, sex, educational level, type of health insurance, and municipal district where patients lived. Self-reported pain level was measured using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and oral health quality of life was measured using the Dental Health Status Quality of Life Questionnaire (DS-QoL). Statistical descriptive analyses were performed, and statistical tests were applied to determine if the care given was effective on pain relief and increased quality of life status. Results: Most of the patients seeking care at the dental emergency service were female (67%), adults (average age 46 years), with high school education (58%), and FONASA health insurance (98%). The most common reason for using dental emergency services was pain (51%). Dental treatment given to the patients was effective in relieving pain (reduction in VAS score was 34.34 between pre and post attention) and improving their oral health status (reduction in DS-QoL score was 3.18 between pre and post attention). Conclusion: This dental emergency service was effective in reducing pain and improving the quality of life of the patient.
Towards Ingenious Technology and the Robust Enforcement of Financial Markets Laws to Curb Money Laundering in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chitimira Howard , Ncube Menelisi
Published: May 2021

Technology has positively contributed to the creation of financial markets and the facilitation of payments globally. The effective use of robust technology could enhance the consistent enforcement of financial market laws by curbing financial crimes in any country. This in turn would enhance the integrity of financial markets and promote the viability of financial markets. In relation to this, it appears that Zimbabwe has struggled to comply with international measures to combat money laundering and the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) since it has poor financial market laws which are inconsistently enforced due inter alia to its poor money laundering detection mechanisms and inadequate resources. For instance, Zimbabwe has to date failed to make satisfactory progress to adopt and enforce adequate risk mitigation measures against money laundering practices in accordance with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendations. This is evidenced by the increased incidence of money laundering in Zimbabwean financial markets. Furthermore, the inconsistent enforcement of financial market laws has resulted in poor liquidity and the recent suspension of the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE). The viability and integrity of the Zimbabwean financial market has thus been compromised. This article discusses the integration and use of robust technology in the Zimbabwean financial market to curb financial crimes such as money laundering and bank fraud. The adequacy of financial market laws and/or regulations will also be discussed vis-à-vis their consistent enforcement by relevant bodies such as the Financial Intelligence Inspectorate Evaluation Unit (FIU) in Zimbabwe. This is done to evaluate the use of technology to curb money laundering and promote a viable economy and financial market in Zimbabwe. It is submitted that the relevant authorities should promote the effective use of technological inventions like artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to curb money laundering, bank fraud and other related financial crimes in Zimbabwe.
Индикаторы науки: 2018
Authors: Городникова Наталья , Гохберг Леонид , Дитковский Кирилл , Коцемир Максим , Кузнецова Ирина , Лукинова Евгения , Мартынова Светлана , Ратай Татьяна , Росовецкая Лариса , Сагиева Галина , Стрельцова Екатерина , Суслов Антон , Тарасенко Ирина , Фридлянова Светлана , Фурсов Константин , Варзановцева Ирина
Published: May 2021

Предлагаемый статистический сборник продолжает серию публикаций, посвященных различным аспектам развития науки в Российской Федерации. Открывают сборник таблицы, в которых наряду с основными показателями науки и технологий представлены сведения об основных показателях инновационной деятельности. Приводятся статистические данные о составе организаций, выполняющих исследования и разработки, кадрах и финансировании науки, ее материально-технической базе. В отдельных разделах содержатся сведения об интеллектуальной собственности, коммерциализации и использовании технологий, данные международных сопоставлений. В сборнике использованы сведения Федеральной службы государственной статистики, Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации, Федеральной службы по интеллектуальной собственности, Межгосударственного статистического комитета СНГ, Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития, Европейской комиссии, Евростата, ЮНЕСКО, Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности, а также методологические и аналитические разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики». В ряде случаев данные по отдельным показателям уточняют ранее опубликованные.
İki aşamalı eş zamanlı topla-dağıt araç rotalama problemi için matematiksel programlama tabanlı sezgisel yaklaşım
Authors: BELGİN Önder , KARAOĞLAN İsmail , ALTIPARMAK Fulya
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışma iki aşamalı eş zamanlı topla-dağıt araç rotalama problemi (2A-ETDARP) üzerindedir. 2A-ETDARP için iki indisli düğüm tabanlı karışık tamsayılı programlama modeli geliştirilmiş ve bu model geçerli eşitsizlikler kullanılarak güçlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, 2A-ETDARP’ın türevleri sunulmuş ve bunlar için karışık tamsayılı programlama modelleri uyarlanmıştır. Problemi ve türevlerini çözmek için değişken komşu iniş algoritması ile yerel aramanın birlikte kullanıldığı bir genel amaçlı sezgisel ve karışık tamsayılı programlamaya dayalı bir matsezgisel önerilmiştir. Önerilen matsezgiselin performansı 2A-ETDARP ve türevleri üzerinde literatürde yer alan test problemleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda 10 depo ve 100 müşteriye kadar olan 564 test probleminin 390 tanesinde temel problem olan 2A-ETDARP için eniyi çözümler elde edilmiştir. Benzer tatmin edici sonuçlar problemin aynı veri setini kullanan diğer türevleri için de elde edilmiştir.
I-enkesitli betonarme kirişlerde ultra-yüksek performanslı lifli beton kullanımının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TÜRKER Kaan , YAVAŞ Altuğ , BİROL Tamer , GÜLTEKİN Cengiz
Published: May 2021

Çalışmada, I-enkesitli betonarme kirişlerde Ultra Yüksek Performanslı Lifli Beton (UYPLB) kullanımının eğilme/kesme davranışına etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiş, avantaj ve dezavantajları değerlendirilmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar referans alınarak, UYPLB kirişlerin tasarımına yönelik AFGC 2013 sayısal prosedürünün kullanılabilirliği değerlendirilmiştir. Deneysel programda, UYPLB’li ve geleneksel betonlu kirişler üzerinde çekme donatısı oranı bakımından parametrik inceleme yapılmıştır. Kirişlere dört noktalı eğilme testi uygulanmış ve yük-deplasman davranışları, kırılma şekilleri, yük taşıma kapasiteleri, deplasman süneklikleri, çatlak davranışları, eğilme rijitlikleri ve beton/donatı şekildeğiştirme davranışları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, I-enkesitli kirişlerde UYPLB kullanımı, çalışmada incelenen tüm donatı oranları için eğilme ve kesme kapasitesi, rijitlik ve çatlak sınırlama bakımından geleneksel betona göre önemli avantajlar sağlamıştır. UYPLB’nin bu parametreler üzerindeki etkisi kirişte kullanılan donatı oranına göre farklılık göstermiştir. UYPLB kullanımı kiriş süneklikleri ve maksimum yük sonrası çatlak davranışı bakımından özellikle düşük donatı oranlarında bir dezavantaja neden olmuştur. UYPLB’nin bu olumsuz etkisi en yüksek donatılı kirişte avantaja dönüşmüştür. AFGC 2013 kılavuzundaki sayısal prosedür ile kiriş eğilme kapasiteleri yeterli doğrulukla belirlenebilmiştir. Ancak, UYPLB kirişlerde yüksek donatı oranlarına çıkıldığında, AFGC 2013’deki taşıma gücü limit durumuna ait şekildeğiştirmelerde deneysel sonuçlarla uyumsuzluklar oluşabildiği görülmüştür.
FDM yöntemiyle üretilmiş öksetik bal peteği kutuların yöne bağlı darbe davranışının deneysel ve nümerik olarak incelenmesi
Authors: GULCIMEN CAKAN Betul , ENSARİOGLU Cihat , KÜÇÜKAKARSU Volkan , TEKİN İbrahim , ÇAKIR M. Cemal
Published: May 2021

Negatif Poisson oranına sahip olan öksetik yapılar, mekanik enerji/darbe sönümleme açısından iyi özelliklere sahiptir. Bu yapılar; havacılık-uzay ve savunma sektörlerindeki sandviç yapılı kompozitlerde, zırh üretiminde veya koruyucu spor ekipmanı üretiminde uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, öksetik bal peteği yapısının darbe yüklemesi altında farklı yönlerdeki (düzlem-içi ve düzlem-dışı) mekanik davranışı incelenmiştir. Düzlem-içi (x ve y) ile düzlem-dışı (z) yönler için ABS filamenti kullanılarak FDM yöntemiyle öksetik bal peteği yapısına sahip kutular üretilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmada, düşürme test cihazı ile dinamik testler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, bu 3 yön için sonlu elemanlar modelleri oluşturularak eksplisit analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneysel ve nümerik sonuçlar, birbiriyle uyumlu olarak, düzlem-dışı yükleme durumunda öksetik bal peteği geometrisinin enerji sönümleme özelliğinin daha üstün olduğunu göstermiştir. Düzlem-içi yüklemelerde, çarpışma kuvveti verimliliği (ÇKV) ve çarpışma kuvvetleri daha düşük seviyede kalmıştır.
Atık çınar yaprakları ve plastik bardakların birlikte pirolizinden üretilen piroliz çarının bitümün viskozitesi ve yüksek sıcaklık performans sınıfı üzerine etkisi
Authors: ATASAĞUN Neslihan
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada, atık çınar ağacı yaprakları ve plastik bardakların birlikte pirolizinden üretilen piroliz çarının bitümün viskozitesi ve yüksek sıcaklık performans sınıfı üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 50/70 penetrasyon bitüm, üretilen piroliz çarı ile %6 ve %12 oranlarında modifiye edilmiştir. Modifiye bitümler ve saf bitüm numuneleri üzerine yumuşama noktası deneyi, penetrasyon deneyi, dinamik kesme reometresi (DSR) deneyi ve dönel viskozite (RV) deneyi yapılmış, ayrıca PI değerleri belirlenerek katkı maddesinin bitümün sıcaklık hassasiyetine etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, %6 ve %12 oranında katkı maddesi olarak kullanılan piroliz çarının saf bitümün viskozitesini 135°C de yaklaşık sırasıyla %33 ve %83 oranlarında arttırdığı, 70°C de tekerlek izi direncini sırasıyla %46 ve %24 oranında arttırdığı ve saf bitümün yüksek sıcaklık PG sınıfını arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
Optimización de actividad antimicrobiana en placa de 384 pozos v1
Authors: De Inmunología Molecular GYMOL Universidad Del Quindio Grupo
Published: May 2021

Este método es basado en el método clásico de micro-dilución en placa de NCLSS (National Committee of Laboratory Safety and Standards (NCLSS) como fue publicado en Amsterdam, D. 1996. Susceptibility testing of Antimicrobials in liquid media.In"Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine", Lorian, V., ed. Fourth Edition, pp.52-111. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. Las modificaciones fueron introducidas por Intrabiotics Inc en 1996 en el ICAAC, y recomendadas para uso general por Bob Hancock at the First Gordon.
Protocol for variant calling in SARS-Cov-2 enabling long indel detection v1
Authors: Bermúdez Juanjo
Published: May 2021

Protocol for SARS-Cov-2 variant calling departing from raw reads in a run. First, we will de-novo assemble the genome using s-aligner, then we will use standard software for variant calling: BWA, samtools, and freebayes. The advantage of this protocol is that it also finds long indels if they exist. Other protocols based on reference mapping will often miss these.
Sequence processing and assembly workflow usingCLC workbench, SortMeRNA, and MegaHit. v1
Authors: Pound Helena , W Wilhelm Steven
Published: May 2021

The protocol details one of many methods available to process and assemble sequence data using CLC workbench, SortMeRNA, and MegaHit.
Planning and performance measurement in higher education: three case studies of operational research application
Authors: Villegas Juan G. , Castañeda P. Carolina , Castañeda-Gómez Eric
Published: May 2021

In this work, we illustrate the application of a wide variety of Operations/operational research (OR) tools in higher education through three case studies based on practical applications conducted in the Engineering School of the Universidad de Antioquia. These case studies focus, respectively, on capacity planning, resource allocation, and performance measurement. In the first case study, we model and predict the flow of students enrolled in the industrial engineering program through the new curriculum using system dynamics and algebraic modeling of dropout rates, finding the number of sections for the courses, and the corresponding number of faculty positions needed to support the program structure. The second case study is a course covering model for the new curriculum that considers preferences and capacities of the teaching staff in an integer programming model, to find the uncovered courses of the new curriculum. Finally, the third case study presents a data envelopment analysis tool currently used to evaluate and rank the faculty of the Engineering School according to their teaching performance. The case studies presented in this work showcase how helpful OR tools are to rationalize the decision-making process in higher education institutions.
Variaciones hipotéticas en la incidencia y la fracción atribuible poblacional de cánceres hepático, colorrectal y de mama, como efectos de la reducción teórica del índice de masa corporal en Colombia, 2016 - 2050
Authors: Rojas Hurtado Martha Patricia , Herrán Falla Oscar Fernando , Torres Ibargüen Miguel Zamir , Díaz Muñoz Gustavo Alfonso , De Vries Esther
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Estimar el impacto potencial de la disminución teórica del índice de masa corporal, sobre la incidencia y la fracción atribuible poblacional de cánceres hepático, colorrectal y de mama, en el contexto colombiano, 2016-2050. Metodología: Se efectuó un estudio de macrosimulación, bajo tres escenarios de distribuciones futuras del índice de masa corporal: el primero o de “Referencia” (sin intervenir el factor de riesgo), y dos de intervención: el segundo, consistente en la reducción gradual, acumulada en los primeros diez años, del 10 % de la diferencia entre los valores medios esperados e ideales del índice de masa corporal, y sostenerla hasta el 2050; y el tercero, correspondiente a lograr “Toda la población con índice de masa corporal ideal” a partir del 2017. Resultados: Se estimó, bajo el tercer escenario, que las proporciones de cánceres que podrían evitarse oscilarían, en las mujeres, entre 8,0 % (cáncer colorrectal) y 16,7 % (cáncer hepático), y en los hombres, entre 10,4 % (cáncer colorrectal) y 12,2 % (cáncer hepático). Bajo el segundo escenario, los casos evitables proyectados corresponderían aproximadamente a 4009 cánceres de mama (en mujeres), 2086 cánceres colorrectales y 728 cánceres hepáticos; y bajo el tercer escenario, a 48 410 cánceres de mama, 25 089 cánceres colorrectales y 8648 cánceres hepáticos. Conclusión: Intervenir para disminuir el exceso de peso en la población colombiana contribuiría especialmente a evitar, en ambos sexos, el cáncer hepático, y en las mujeres, los casos nuevos de cáncer de mama.