bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CONCEPT OF “FREEDOM OF LEARNING” IN A MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mazid Sukron , Futaqi Sauqi , Farikah Farikah
Published: June 2021

This paper seeks to examine the concept of “Merdeka Belajar” or “Freedom of Learning” which was initiated by the Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture, Nadiem Makarim. The study of freedom of learning uses text study with content analysis method. The concept of “Freedom of Learning” is very interesting when studied with a multicultural education perspective. Moreover, the two concepts have the same relevance and spirit, namely freedom and justice in the human resources development context, particularly through the educational process. Based on the results, the implementation of “MerdekaBelajar” program so far includes four aspects, namely financing, teachers / educators, assessment, and graduates. In a multicultural perspective, problems in management and assessment aspects basically caused by a misunderstanding of the meaning of standards and standardization. Meanwhile, the teacher and graduate aspects lie in the importance of developing multicultural competencies.Integrating a multicultural education perspective in the “Freedom of Learning” policy also transforms an education system that is creative, innovative, and character.
Literature review and case report of bilateral intracystic papillary carcinoma associated with an invasive ductal carcinoma in a male breast
Authors: Avau Fiona , Chintinne Marie , Baudry Sarah , Buxant Frédéric
Published: June 2021

Intracystic papillary carcinoma (IPC) is a rare tumor with good prognosis that occurs in only 5% to 7.5% of male breast cancer. We report a case of a 46-year-old man who presented a brown nipple discharge a few months ago. He had a bilateral IPC and an invasive ductal carcinoma on the right breast. A double mastectomy was then performed with a bilateral sentinel lymph node biopsy, and he received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormonotherapy. Two years after the diagnosis, the patient recovered and was free of recurrence. Considering the scarcity of this tumor type, we conducted a systematic literature review on the PubMed of all the cases of IPC in men. The clinical presentation, imaging, and treatment of the 43 case reports from the 41 articles selected were described. Furthermore, no clear guidelines for IPC management are available. Conservative surgery should also be preferred, and a sentinel lymph node biopsy should be performed systematically. Moreover, radiotherapy should be proposed in the case of conservative surgery, and hormone therapy could be proposed in the case of invasive IPC or IPC associated with a ductal carcinoma in situ.
A modified firefly algorithm for the inverse kinematics solutions of robotic manipulators
Authors: Hernandez-Barragan Jesus , Lopez-Franco Carlos , Arana-Daniel Nancy , Alanis Alma Y. , Lopez-Franco Adriana
Published: June 2021

The inverse kinematics of robotic manipulators consists of finding a joint configuration to reach a desired end-effector pose. Since inverse kinematics is a complex non-linear problem with redundant solutions, sophisticated optimization techniques are often required to solve this problem; a possible solution can be found in metaheuristic algorithms. In this work, a modified version of the firefly algorithm for multimodal optimization is proposed to solve the inverse kinematics. This modified version can provide multiple joint configurations leading to the same end-effector pose, improving the classic firefly algorithm performance. Moreover, the proposed approach avoids singularities because it does not require any Jacobian matrix inversion, which is the main problem of conventional approaches. The proposed approach can be implemented in robotic manipulators composed of revolute or prismatic joints of n degrees of freedom considering joint limits constrains. Simulations with different robotic manipulators show the accuracy and robustness of the proposed approach. Additionally, non-parametric statistical tests are included to show that the proposed method has a statistically significant improvement over other multimodal optimization algorithms. Finally, real-time experiments on five degrees of freedom robotic manipulator illustrate the applicability of this approach.
Association Between Season of Birth and Cognitive Aging in Older Adults: Pan-European Population-Based Study on 70,000 Individuals
Authors: Kucera Matej , Wolfova Katrin , Cermakova Pavla
Published: June 2021

Background: Several early-life factors have been associated with higher risk of developing dementia. It is unclear whether season of birth (SOB) can affect cognitive aging in older adults or not. Objective: We aimed to study the association of SOB with the level of cognitive performance as well as with the rate of cognitive decline. Methods: We studied 70,203 individuals who participated in the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe. Cognition was measured with tests on verbal fluency and immediate and delayed recall. We assessed the association of SOB with the level of cognitive performance using multiple linear regression and with the rate of cognitive decline using linear mixed-effects models. Results: When compared to individuals born in winter and adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, being born in summer was associated with a higher level of delayed recall (B 0.05; 95%CI 0.01 to 0.09) and verbal fluency (B 0.15; 95%CI 0.00 to 0.29) and being born in fall with a higher level of immediate recall (B 0.04; 95%CI 0.01 to 0.08) and verbal fluency (B 0.15; 95%CI 0.01 to 0.29). Individuals born in summer had a higher yearly decline in delayed recall (B –0.005; 95%CI –0.009 to 0.000), while the scores in delayed recall in participants born in spring showed an inverse trend (B 0.005; 95%CI 0.000 to 0.010). Conclusion: Individuals born in winter seem to carry a life-long disadvantage in a lower level of cognitive performance; however, being born in winter does not seem to affect the rate of cognitive decline.
Sarcopenia and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Jacob Louis , Kostev Karel , Smith Lee , Oh Hans , López-Sánchez Guillermo F. , Shin Jae Il , Abduljabbar Adel S. , Haro Josep Maria , Koyanagi Ai
Published: June 2021

Background: Little is known about the relationship between sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective: This study aimed to investigate this association among community-dwelling adults aged≥65 years from six LMICs. Methods: Cross-sectional, nationally representative data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analyzed. These data were obtained in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa in 2007–2010. Participants were considered to have sarcopenia if they had low skeletal muscle mass (i.e., lower skeletal mass index) and a weak handgrip strength. MCI was defined using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association criteria. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess associations. Results: The final analytical sample consisted of 12,912 individuals aged≥65 years with preservation in functional abilities without stroke (mean [standard deviation] age 72.2 [10.8] years; 45.2% males). The overall prevalence of sarcopenia and MCI were 11.3% and 18.1%, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, there was a positive association between sarcopenia and MCI in all countries (i.e., odds ratio [OR] > 1) with the exception of South Africa, and the overall estimate was OR = 1.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32–1.93) with a low level of between-country heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0%). Conclusion: There was a positive association between sarcopenia and MCI in this sample of older adults living in LMICs. Causality should be assessed in future longitudinal research, while the utility of sarcopenia as a marker of MCI should also be investigated.
Digital Neuropsychological Assessment: New Technology for Measuring Subtle Neuropsychological Behavior
Authors: Libon David J. , Baliga Ganesh , Swenson Rod , Au Rhoda
Published: June 2021

Technology has transformed the science and practice of medicine. In this special mini-forum, data using digital neuropsychological technology are reported. All of these papers demonstrate how coupling digital technology with standard paper and pencil neuropsychological tests are able to extract behavior not otherwise obtainable. As digital assessment methods mature, early identification of persons with emergent neurodegenerative and other neurological illness may be possible.
First-Line Immunotherapy Combinations in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shpilsky Jason , Catalano Paul J. , McDermott David F.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:

Combination or multi-agent therapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors has shifted the landscape of the treatment of advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma. There are several approved immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations featuring antibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor or its ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined with other immune checkpoint inhibitors, multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), or other agents active in renal cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aims to compile the evidence of available first-line combination therapies compared to sunitinib monotherapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

METHODS:

A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA statement to identify all randomized Phase III clinical trial data in previously untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma featuring an immune checkpoint inhibitor combination compared against sunitinib. A two-stage selection process was utilized to determine eligible studies. Of a total of 124 studies and 94 additional abstracts, 6 studies were considered for final analysis. These studies were evaluated for progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), Grade III or higher adverse events (AEs), objective response rate (ORR), and complete response rate (CRR).

RESULTS:

6 studies with 5,121 patients met our search criteria. For OS, ICI combination therapy was favored over sunitinib with an estimated combined hazard ratio of 0.74 (0.67–0.81 95% CI). For PFS, ICI combination therapy was favored over sunitinib with an estimated combined hazard ratio of 0.65 (0.52–0.82, 95% CI). The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab had the longest duration of response and less incidence of grade III or higher adverse events compared to the combination of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with TKI. The combination of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with TKI had higher rates of overall response and longer PFS than the combination of nivolumab/ipilimumab.

CONCLUSIONS:

This meta-analysis supports the recommendation of immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy over sunitinib monotherapy for previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma by virtue of improved PFS and OS. The choice of which ICI combination therapy to use may be guided by patient-specific characteristics including IMDC risk status, adverse effect profile, and need for early response.
Role of differentially expressed LBX1 in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) paraspinal muscle phenotypes and muscle-bone crosstalk through modulating myoblasts
Authors: Wang Y , Feng Z , Cheng KL , Zhang J , Xu L , Lam TP , Hung ALH , Cheng JCY , Qiu Y , Lee WYW
Published: June 2021

AIS is three-dimensional spinal deformity with unclear etiopathogenesis. LBX1 is so far the only multi-centers validated AIS predisposing gene. The imbalance of posterior paraspinal muscles is an important factor in AIS etiopathogenesis. It is poorly understood how LBX1 contributes to the abnormal paraspinal muscles and onset/progression of AIS. We aimed to evaluate the expression of LBX1 in paraspinal muscles at the concave and convex side in AIS, and whether alternation of LBX1 expression could affect myoblastsactivities and potentially influence muscle-bone interaction via myokines expression. Paraspinal muscles from AIS and age- and curvature-matched congenital scoliosis (CS) patients were collected for fiber types analysis. Biopsies were also subjected to qPCR to validate expression of myogenic markers, selected myokines and LBX1. Human skeletal muscle myoblast (HSMM) was used for LBX1 loss-of-function study in vitro. Muscle fiber types analysis showed type I and type IIX/IIAX fibers proportion were significantly different between AIS concave and convex but not in two sides of CS. LBX1, myogenic markers and one myokine were significantly imbalanced in AIS but not in CS. Loss-of-function study showed knockdown of LBX1 could inhibit myogenic markers expression and myokines as well. This study provides new insight into the association between imbalanced paraspinal muscle and potential muscle-bone crosstalk in AIS patients and the biological function of predisposing gene LBX1. Further investigation with appropriate animal models is warranted to explore if asymmetric expression of LBX1 could result in distinct muscle phenotypes and bone qualities thus affect the progression of spine curvature in AIS.
Eliminating 2D spinal assessments and embracing 3D and 4D: clinical application of surface topography
Authors: Knott P , Liu XC
Published: June 2021

The Adams Forward Bend Test recognizes the rotational aspect of the curve with the spine in flexion, and the AP X-ray measures the coronal plane deviation by using the Cobb Angle. However, modern techniques including CT-scan, biplanar radiograph, ultrasound, and surface topography allow the clinician to better evaluate and visualize the true 3-D nature of the spine. Surface Topography imaging uses the surface of the trunk to estimate the spine position using a mathematical algorithm that has been found to be accurate when compared to the radiologic Cobb Angle. The sagittal balance of the spine measured by surface topography is compared in three different situations, namely, “standing up straight,” “standing relaxed,” and “walking,” which will help to best assess posture and risk of proximal junctional kyphosis before and after the treatment. Coronal imbalance (lateral deviation) and a range of maximal vertebral surface rotation (amplitude in either direction) are considered as the parameters with an excellent to good reproducibility. COP displacement or symmetry from the midline is used to measure the stability of the trunk. Therefore, those selected spine shape parameters and COP deviation would be considered as the best descriptors in the assessment of postural sway and outcome of PSSE in children with AIS.
Spring distraction system to correct early onset scoliosis: 2 year follow-up results from 24 patients
Authors: Lemans JVC , Wijdicks SPJ , Castelein RM , Kruyt MC
Published: June 2021

Current surgical treatment options for Early Onset Scoliosis (EOS), with distraction- or growth-guidance systems, show limited growth and high complication rates. We developed the Spring Distraction System (SDS), which does not have to be periodically lengthened and which provides continuous corrective force to stimulate spinal growth. This study aimed to assess curve correction and maintenance, spinal growth, and complication rate following SDS treatment. All primary- and revision patients (conversion from failed other systems) with SDS and ≥2 years follow-up were included. Outcome measures were coronal Cobb angle, sagittal parameters, spinal length measurements and complications and re-operations. Radiographic parameters were compared pre-operatively, post-operatively and at latest follow-up. Spinal length increase was expressed as mm/year. Twenty-four skeletally immature EOS patients (18 primary and 6 revision cases) were included. There were 5 idiopathic, 7 congenital, 3 syndromic and 9 neuromuscular EOS patients. Mean age at implantation was 9.1 years (primary: 8.4; conversion: 11.2). Major curve improved from 60.3° to 35.3°, and was maintained at 40.6° at latest follow-up. Mean spring length increase during follow-up was 10.4mm/year. T1-S1 length increased 13.6mm/year and the instrumented segment length showed a mean increase of 0.8mm/segment/year. In total, 17 re-operations were performed. Ten re-operations were performed to treat 9 implant-related complications. In addition, 7 patients showed spinal growth that exceeded expected growth velocity; their springs were re-tensioned during a small re-operation. Spring distraction may be feasible as an alternative to current growing spine solutions. Curve correction and growth could be maintained satisfactory without the need for repetitive lengthening procedures. Complications and re-operations could not be prevented, which emphasizes the need for further improvement.
Determining the frequency of serious adverse reactions of inactive SARS-COV-2 vaccine
Authors: Kaya Ferit , Pirincci Edibe
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Vaccines are a new combat strategy against COVID-19. The success of a large number of vaccines and the continued development of vaccines will change the course of the current pandemic. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of serious adverse reactions caused by the administration of inactive vaccine administration on healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The prospective study was conducted among healthcare professionals working in city a Training and Research Hospital and applied to have the second dose of CoronaVac vaccine. The number of personnel included in the study were 329. The data were recorded in the SPSS 23 program and the chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the participants in the study was 35.77±9.07. Of the participants, 28.1%were physicians. The frequency ratio of those who stated that they had serious adverse reactions after vaccination was 33.2%. Three most common systemic serious adverse reactions were headache, state of sleep/fatigue, and nausea and vomiting respectively. Serious adverse reactions occurred within 1.14±04 days after vaccine administration. The average duration of serious adverse reactions was determined as 1.68±0.77 days. 62.2%of the participants with serious side effects were women (p < 0.001). Of the participants who had serious adverse reactions, 77.5%were health care professionals (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: No life-threatening serious adverse reaction was determined regarding the CoronaVac vaccine administered in this study. However, local serious adverse reactions, nausea/vomiting, fever and sleepiness/fatigue occurred frequently. Further studies are required on the newly introduced vaccine.
Cardiovascular health status of taxi/for-hire vehicle drivers in the United States: A systematic review
Authors: Mirpuri Sheena , Traub Kathryn , Romero Sara , Hernandez Marisol , Gany Francesca
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Taxi/for-hire vehicle (FHV) drivers are a predominantly immigrant, male, and growing population in large, metropolitan cities in the U.S. at risk for cardiovascular conditions. OBJECTIVE: This review sought to systematically investigate the literature given mounting evidence of poor taxi/FHV driver health. METHODS: A systematic search of peer-reviewed journal articles that included a range of cardiovascular risks and conditions among taxi/FHV drivers in the U.S. was conducted. RESULTS: 8800 journal articles were initially found. 14 eligible articles were included: 3 mixed methods articles, 1 qualitative article, and 10 quantitative articles. Articles spanned 13 cardiovascular risks and conditions, including tobacco, nutrition, physical activity, stress, depression, body mass index/waist circumference, cholesterol, blood glucose/diabetes, air pollution, sleep, blood pressure/hypertension, heart disease, and stroke. The majority of studies were cross-sectional and utilized convenience samples. CONCLUSIONS: Rigorous and high quality research is needed to further investigate rates of cardiovascular health in this population. The complexity of data collection in this group presents challenges to this endeavor. The high prevalence of poor nutrition, limited physical activity, diabetes, and blood pressure across studies indicates an urgent need to address low rates of health care access at a policy level and to design targeted workplace interventions.
Structural validity and reliability of the return to work assessment scale among post stroke survivors
Authors: Ibikunle Peter. O. , Rhoda Anthea , Smith Mario
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Return to work (RTW) after injury or illness is a behavior influenced by physical, psychological and social factors. This study aims to determine the structural validity and reliability of a return to work assessment scale using internal consistency and factor analysis. METHOD: A cross sectional survey research design was adopted for this study involving 101 Post stroke survivors. The return to work assessment scale, which was developed by Ibikunle et al. in 2019, was subjected to structural validity and reliability. RESULT: The results reveal that 58 (57.4%) were males and 43 (42.2%) females with mean ages of 53.88±10.68 years. Internal consistency was high with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.81 for Domain 1, 0.93 for Domain 2 and 0.76 for Domain 3.Test-retest reliability analysis gave an ICC of 0.85(p = 0.001) for Domain 1, Domain 2 an ICC of 0.91 (p = 0.001) and Domain 3 an ICC of 0.99 (p = 0.001). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy (KMO) value for Domain 1 was X2  = 0.63 and that of Bartlett’s test of sphericity value was significant (P = 0.000), Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy for Domain 2 was 0.84 and the Bartlett’s test of sphericity value was significant (P = 0.000), the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy for Domain 3 was 0.66 while the Barlett’s test of sphericity was significant (p = 0.001). Therefore the factor analysis was appropriate. CONCLUSION: The return to work assessment scale is a good, internally consistent and reliable tool that has demonstrated good group and structural validity.
Comparison of counseling methods to promote employment for HIV+ ADULTS
Authors: McElhiney Martin C. , Rabkin Judith G. , Wainberg Milton L. , Finkel Madeline R. , Scodes Jennifer
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Despite improved health and during a strong job market (pre-COVID-19), a substantial proportion of HIV+ adults remained unemployed. This study sought to provide time-limited counseling to promote employment goals. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether behavioral activation (BA) or supportive counseling (SC), would be more effective in promoting vocational goals (full or part-time, paid or volunteer). METHODS: The study included two groups: those with clinically significant fatigue, who were first treated with armodafinil. Once their fatigue diminished, they were enrolled in the counseling program. Those without fatigue were enrolled directly. Both BA and SC interventions were manualized, consisting of eight individual sessions plus a follow-up. RESULTS: 116 participants entered counseling, including 87 assigned to BA and 29 to SC. Of these, 79 completed counseling or found a job by session eight. By follow-up, 51%of BA versus 41%of SC participants had found jobs, a non-significant difference either clinically or statistically. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple issues contributed to difficulty in employment, including gaps in resumes, loss of contact with former colleagues, and uncertainty about career direction. Ongoing barriers included substance use, housing instability, ambivalence about forfeiting government benefits, as well as inadequately treated depression. Success in employment for about half of participants is, in this context, a reasonable outcome.
Understanding Several Characteristics of Islam and Good Muslim: A Study of University Students in Malaysia
Authors: Ebrahimi Mansoureh , Yusoff Kamaruzaman , Bin Rosman Arieff Salleh
Published: June 2021

This paper examines the understanding of foundational Islamic doctrines as well as definition of authentic Muslim characteristics among Middle East, African (MEAS), and Asian (AS) university students in Malaysia. Outcomes have been drawn from an in-depth survey in which both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied to three hundred (300) respondents from several Universities. In addition, a questionnaire survey of MEAS and AS in Malaysia government universities was carried out. A quantitative approach was used to systematically evaluate and draw the empirical results. Findings have revealed that the majority’s knowledge levels were generally good in both realms while a small minority was poorly informed. The findings also indicate that respondents who displayed a better understanding of Islam benefited from their learning from religious scholars. It can be summed up that those whose understanding of Islam is poor are influenced by official or mainstream Islam.
Newspapers and Dynamics of Religious Communication: The Test Case of Sufi News
Authors: Saeed Muzammil
Published: June 2021

Religion and the print media are two powerful motivators and sources of meaning, information and culture, and their relationship has been there seen since 19th century with the advent of industrial revolution. This research aims to analyze the portrayal of Sufism in the print media by investigating features of Sufi news stories of Urdu newspapers. For this purpose, this study applied qualitative approach to investigate news writings of national newspapers published from the city of saints, Multan. To provide a comprehensive overview, this study has analyzed news stories printed on the occasions of death anniversaries of prolific Sufi saints in four leading newspapers, Jang, Nawa-i-Waqt, Express and Khabrain, to contribute to the contemporary studies of religion and the print media. Probing the dynamics of religious communication, the study found the holy sketch of Sufi saints that portrayed them as great Muslim and spiritual mentors, and a heart of love and religious harmony. Their path and ideologies were recognized as the sources of inspiration for eternal success. The newspaper writings stated that Sufis are the treasures of the divine grace, wisdom and spiritual knowledge whose teachings address the love of God and Prophet Muhammad (SAW), the concept of piety, humbleness, pardon, the uncertainty of the world, and optimism. In this background, this research, with its results, is an important addition for a better understanding of the association of religion and media.
Religion as a Pillar for Establishing a Civilization: Al-Māwardī’s Perspective
Authors: Zatari Fadi
Published: June 2021

This study examines religion in terms of establishing and maintaining a civilization based on Abū al-Ḥasan al-Māwardī’s (d. 1058) contribution, “Kitāb adab al-dunyā wa-al-dīn.” In this paper, the central argument is that religion is a pillar for establishing and maintaining civilization. There are no possibilities for a civilization to be constituted and maintained without a central role for religion. I will elaborate on the meaning of religion from al-Māwardī’s perspective and its role in constructing a civilization. This paper considers several religious notions and concepts proposed by al-Māwardī for this purpose. For instance, ‘al-Targhīb wa al-Tarhīb’ (persuasion and intimidation) and al-ulfah (social affinity) indicate how religion can affect individual behaviors and actions and helps create and maintain civilization. As a methodology, this paper analyses al-Māwardī’s contribution and compares it with significant contributions to civilization Studies. It concludes that a profound understanding of religion's role in any civilization gives a proper direction for understanding civilization and how religion can enhance and improve people's behavior and manners, which reflects positively on religion’s role in establishing and preserving a civilization.
Azospirillum brasilense AND COMPOUND OF PHYTOHORMONES AS BIOSTIMULANTS IN JALO PRECOCE BEANS
Authors: Moreira Allisson Sousa , Contardi Lucymara Merquides , Camilo Lucas Jandrey , Andrade Maria Gabriela Oliveira , Lima Sebastião Ferreira , Vendruscolo Eduardo Pradi , Simon Cátia Aparecida
Published: June 2021

Beans are one of the most important crops in Brazil but still have a low yield. The use of technologies such as the application of biostimulants can provide greater yield for the crop. Thus, the work aimed to evaluate the effect of using Azospirillum brasilense and phytohormones on Jalo Precoce beans. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks with nine treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of a control, Stimulate (compound of phytohormones), and A. brasilense applied isolated or associated to the seeds or in a furrow. The plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, the weight of grains per pod, and 100-grain weight were favored by A. brasilense and compound of phytohormones. The highest yield of Jalo Precoce beans (2218 kg ha-1) was obtained using the A. brasilense + phytohormone compound applied in the sowing furrow. The grain yield of Jalo Precoce beans showed a high positive correlation with the number of pods per plant and medium correlation with stem diameter and shoot dry matter.
Inteligencia artificial y dignidad humana: Los desafíos para el derecho
Authors: Juri Yamila Eliana
Published: June 2021

El debate que proponemos gira en torno a la inteligencia artificial y su relación con el respeto a la dignidad humana. El punto de partida de dicho debate está en la noción de naturaleza, a fin de que podamos indagar de qué manera estos nuevos aportes tecnológicos, en especial en el área de la robótica, impactan en el ámbito de los derechos y de las libertades, en nuestra forma de vida y en el futuro de la especie humana. En la actualidad, la robótica es un objeto de análisis para las ciencias jurídicas debido a la responsabilidad que conlleva su utilización y aprovechamiento.
RAD51-UTR haplotype genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to breast cancer in women from Jordanian population
Authors: Al Zoubi M.S. , AL-Eitan L.N. , Rababa’h D.M. , Al-Batayneh K. , Farzand R. , Quinn G.A. , Tambuwala M.M. , Bakshi H.A.
Published: June 2021

Summary. Background: Genetic predisposition to breast cancer (BC) has been extensively explored to achieve an enhanced understanding of the biology of BC. Targeting candidate genes to screen different genetic variants such as RAD51 gene that plays a critical role in DNA repair pathways including the double-strand break repair system is an important task. Aim: To study several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within RAD51-UTR gene and to find their relationship with BC risk and prognosis among Jordanian females. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, DNA sequencing technique was used to screen SNPs within the untranslated region (UTR) of RAD51 in 206 cases and 185 controls and the resulting data were statistically analyzed using different types of genetic analyses. Patients’ clinical and pathological features were obtained from their medical records to perform genotype-phenotype association analysis. Results: Our findings show a significant association between both SNPs rs528590644, rs1801320 and BC risk (p = 0.016). We estimated the correlation between many of BC prognostic factors and BC risk, and we found an association between rs1801321 and age at first menstruation (p = 0.032) in addition to a strong correlation between age at BC diagnosis and rs1801320 (p = 0.008). Conclusion: RAD51-UTR polymorphisms may be involved in BC development and progression.
Infusing the concept of aqil baligh for early childhood
Authors: Wahidah Wahidah
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the concept of teaching and learning aqil baligh in early childhood and given the importance of one readiness in carrying out one duty as a mukallaf when it has reached aqil baligh. Teaching and learning aqil baligh for early age children is not a provision of obligations but rather a preparation, training, and habituation to welcome the period of imposition of obligations (taklif) when he is baligh later. This is qualitative research based on a literature review. Data collection of this study was from books, journals of research results related to early childhood education. Early childhood education (between 0- 7 years) emphasizes the attainment of one's awareness of carrying out orders and abandoning the prohibitions of God. Learning material includes aqidah, worship (ibadah), and morals (akhlak) with several models. Early Childhood Education teachers must develop and model it for the children.
The phonic method for improving students’ speaking ability
Authors: Mahriza Rita , Ulya Mawaddah , Pratiwi Siti Habsari
Published: June 2021

The study was underlain by the child's introduction to letters performed by memorization, in which the children find it difficult to know it in sequence. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to increase children's ability to know the letters through phonic methods. The study applied the Class Action Research (CAR) Method with a model of Kemmis and Taggart. The data collection technique used is observation and test. The result of the study showed that a child could recognize the vowel and consonants. However, no child can recognize the initial letter sounds of the images of objects contained on the card, and there was no child able to combine letters into syllables and words at the pretest stage. In cycle I, there are 12 children able to recognize the vowel and consonant letters, 13 children can recognize the initial letter sounds of the images of objects contained on the cards, and 12 children can combine letters into syllables and words. In cycle II, there are 17 children able to recognize vowel and consonant letters, 16 children can recognize the initial letter sounds of the images of objects contained on the cards, and 15 children can combine letters into syllables and words. Thus the application of the phonic method can improve child-speaking ability.
Teori Belajar Humanisme Dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Rahimi
Published: June 2021

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to know the Humanism learning theory and how the Humanism Learning theory according to the perspective of Islamic education This research includes the type of library research (library-research). through words or sentences in the form of discussion to draw conclusions. From the results of the research that the authors do, according to humanistic theory, the purpose of learning is to humanize humans. The learning process is considered successful if the student understands his environment and himself. Students in the learning process must try to gradually achieve self-actualization as well as possible. This learning theory seeks to understand learning behavior from the point of view of the doer, not from the point of view of the observer. Humanism education is a process of awareness and improvement of human dignity and its potential in a directed manner, as well as producing a dynamic discussion so as to create a progressive, innovative critical climate as a whole by promoting a humanist dialogical approach pattern between educators and students and students with their environment.

 

Keywords : Learning Theory, Humanism, Islamic Education

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah dalah untuk mengetahui teori belajar Humanismedan bagaimana teori Belajar Humanisme menurut perspektif pendidikan Islam Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kepustakaan  (library-research), sumber data dalam penelitian ini bersifat primer dan sekuder kemudian menganalisis data dengan menggambarkan data melalui kata-kata atau kalimat yang berupa pembahasan untuk diambil kesimpulannya. Dari hasil penelitian yang penulis lakukan  bahwa Menurut Teori humanistik, tujuan belajar adalah untuk memanusiakan manusia. Proses belajar dianggap berhasil jika si pelajar memahami lingkungannya dan dirinya sendiri. Siswa dalam proses belajarnya harus berusaha agar lambat laun ia mampu mencapai aktualisasi diri dengan sebaik-baiknya. Teori belajar ini berusaha memahami perilaku belajar dari sudut pandang pelakunya, bukan dari sudut pandang pengamatnya. Pedidikan humanisme merupakan sebuah proses penyadaran dan peningkatan terhadap harkat kemanusiaan  dan potensi yang dimiliki secara terarah, sekaligus memproduksi suatu pembahasan yang dinamis sehingga tercipta iklim kritis progresif, inofatif secara utuh dengan mengedepankan  pola pendekatan dialogis humanis antara pendidik dengan peserta didik dan peserta didik dengan lingkungannya.

 

 Kata Kunci: Teori Belajar, Humanisme, Pendidikan Islam
Implementasi Nilai Pluralisme Dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Ar rahmany Mursyidin , Ummah Rahmatun
Published: June 2021

Peran agama dalam pendidikan sangat penting. Kurikulum yang disusun dalam pendidikan harus mencapai titik terang agar dapat mengimplementasikan pendidikan Islam secara bebas, baik pendidikan Islam maupun pendidikan agama lain. Pendidikan Islam sangat penting untuk memiliki nilai unsur pluralisme, sehingga dalam beragama menuntun hidup umat manusia yang tidak membawa perselisihan. Sebagai mana di Indonesia terdiri atas banyak macam agama yakni Islam, Kristen, Katolik, Hindu, dan Budha. Umat pemeluknya hidup dalam kebersamaan bernaung di bumi pertiwi.

Pendidikan Agama Islam sudah terdapat konsep-konsep tentang pluralisme agar dapat di implementasinya dalam pendidikan Islam. Pendidikan Islam adalah bimbingan yang dilakukan oleh orang dewasa kepada terdidik dalam masa pertumbuhan agar ia memiliki kepribadian muslim yang sempurna.

Implementasikan nilai pluralisme dalam pendidikan Islam merupakan pesan dalam Alqur’an yang tiada tandingannya untuk menjadi undang-undang bagi umat manusia dan petunjuk serta sebagai tanda atas kebenaran yang abadi yang menundukkan semua generasi dan bangsa sepanjang masa.
Pembinaan Karakter Pada Proses Belajar Mengajar di Institut Agama Islam Negeri Langsa
Authors: . Mahyidin , Amri Khairul
Published: June 2021

Dalam rangka mengimplementasikan tuntutan pengembangan Pendidikan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri (PTKIN) di Indonesia, dan untuk menghasilkan lulusan yang berkarakter dan berdaya saing global, Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Langsa memiliki tekad besar untuk mewujudkan lulusan yang berkarakter yang tertuang dalam pernyataan visi Institut yaitu untuk Menjadi Pusat Kajian Keislaman yang Berkarakter Rahmatan Lil’alamin. Penelitiaan ini berusaha memahami dan menganalisa tentang pembinaan karakter pada proses belajar mengajar di IAIN Langsa dengan fokus kajian 1) Karakter yang dibina oleh dosen pada proses belajar mengajar 2) Strategi pembinaan karakter mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan   deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai karakter yang dibina oleh dosen pada proses belajar mengajar adalah (1) nilai religius, disiplin, jujur, tanggung jawab, mandiri, peduli lingkungan dan peduli sosial. (2) Strategi pembinaan karakter mahasiswa adalah habituasi (pembiasaan), modelling (teladan), tradisional (nasehat), Punishment (sanksi), reward (penghargaan), mujahadah (sungguh-sungguh terhadap upaya yang dilakukan) dan muraqabah (merasa diawasi dalam menjalankan aktifitas sehari-hari)
EL COROTEO COMO METÁFORA DEL DESTIERRO. PROCESO DE CREACIÓN DESDE LA DRAMATURGIA AUTORREFERENCIAL
Authors:   Bellas Artes Institución Universitaria del Valle, Cali-Colombia, Muñoz Salazar Luz Elena
Published: June 2021

La investigación se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de develar los núcleos significativos del desarraigo de cuatro integrantes de la fami-lia Muñoz Salazar, para la construcción de la obra dramatúrgica Coroteo. Para este ejercicio de investigación creación, se eligió una metodología de enfoque cualitativo, y el instrumento utilizado fue el biograma mo-dificado de García (2007). Se logró determinar que los cuatro núcleos significativos sobre el desarraigo son el silencio autoimpuesto como es-trategia de evasión, la vivienda como relato de destierro, el empleo in-fantil e informal y el aprendizaje situado como evidencia de resiliencia, las cuales se asumen como las líneas creativas para la consolidación del texto dramático Coroteo.
FROM TESTIMONY TO HETEROGLOSSIA: THE VOICE(S) OF LAMENT IN WE ARE THE PERSIANS!
Authors:   University of Thessaly, Chatziprokopiou Marios
Published: June 2021

We are the Persians! was a contemporary adaptation of Aeschy-lus’s The Persians presented in June 2015 at the Athens and Epidaurus Festival. Performed by displaced people from Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh, and directed by Yolanda Markopoulou, the piece grew out of the Station Athens group’s five-year theatre workshops. Extracts from the original play were intertwined with performative material brought to the project by the participants: from real-life testimonies to vocal improvisations, poems, and songs in different languages. High-lighting the historical thematic of the play, this adaptation was presented as a documentary theatre piece, and the participants as ‘modern-day heralds’ who provided on stage ‘shocking accounts’ concerning ‘contem-porary wars’ (programme notes, 2015). After briefly revisiting the main body of literature on the voice of lament in ancient drama and in Aeschylus’s The Persians in particular, but also after discussing the recent stage history of the play in Greece, I conduct a close reading of this adaptation. Based on semi-directed interviews and audiovisual archives from both the rehearsals and the final show,I argue that the participants’ performance cannot be limited to their auto-biographical testimonies, which identify their status as refugees and/or asylum seekers. By intertwining Aeschylus with their own voices and languages, they reappropriate and reinvent the voice(s) of lament in ancient drama. In this sense, I suggest that We are the Persians! can be read as a hybrid performance of heteroglossia, which disrupts and potentially transforms dominant ways of receiving ancient drama on the modern Greek stage.
The Cooperation Pattern between the Maluku Provincial Government and the Private Sector in the Arrangement and Normalization of Ex-Illegal Gold Mining Allegedly Prone to Corruption
Authors: Anwar Arman , Halima Hanafi Irma , Irham Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Kabupaten Buru sejak 1970 dikembangkan sebagai daerah transmigrasi. Nuansa pertanian menjadi karakteristik Kabupaten Buru sehingga ditetapkan sebagai daerah lumbung beras nasional. Namun sejak ditemukan emas di Gunung Botak dan Gogrea pada 2011, Kabupaten Buru berubah menjadi daerah pertambangan emas ilegal. Akibatnya terjadi kerusakan dan pencemaran lingkungan yang masif disebabkan penggunaan sianida dan mercuri oleh penambang ilegal. Mengatasi persoalan ini, Pemerintah Provinsi Maluku bekerjasama dengan pihak ketiga (swasta) melakukan normalisasi dan perbaikan lingkungan di bekas tambang ilegal tetapi kerjasama dimaksud diduga rawan korupsi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan pencegahan korupsi disektor ini. Metode penelitian menggunakan Social Network Analysis, datanya bersifat kualitatif. Temuan penelitian yaitu kerjasama antara pemerintah Provinsi Maluku dengan pihak ketiga (swasta) yang diduga rawan korupsi dapat dicegah dengan melakukan pemetaan kerawanan korupsi untuk mengetahui pola relasi antar aktor kerjasama yang dapat cendrung mudah disuap sehingga diperoleh model kerjasama yang tidak berimplikasi korupsi.
Kata kunci: Korupsi; Pertambangan; Kerjasama; Pemda; Swasta;
Comparison of Cantilever, Heart Loop and Circular Bending Test Methods in Determining the Bending Behaviours of Sewn Woven Polyester Fabrics
Authors: KARA Şükran
Published: June 2021

Fabrics are cut and sewn to form 3-dimensional end-products. Bending rigidity is one of the properties that should be interpreted for sewn fabrics as it can affect drape, appearance and sensorial comfort of a garment. In the literature, there are several methods to measure the bending behaviours of fabrics. Parallelly, a variety of tests were employed for bending rigidity of sewn samples but their comparability for sewn samples are not known. In this study, 3 simple and standard test methods were used to compare the bending behaviours of fabrics with plied edge seams. Statistical analysis showed that, circular bend method had no or low correlation with cantilever and heart loop methods. Also any difference between the different types of sewn samples could not be detected by this method. In contrast, results of cantilever and heart loop methods showed low to moderate positive correlations for the bending lentghs and bending rigidities of samples.
The Comparison of the Edge Detection Methods in the Determination of Yarn Hairiness through Image Processing
Authors: TELLİ Abdurrahman
Published: June 2021

In this study, an image processing approach for the determination of yarn hairiness was presented. Yarn images taken under microscope were examined in MATLAB software. Seven different edge detection algorithms were used in order to separate the hairs from the yarn body accurately. Seven different textural properties of obtained yarn images were compared with Zweigle hairiness test results. The best hairiness results were obtained in Sobel and Prewitt edge detection methods. The findings have indicated that there were stronger correlation values for Sobel and Prewitt methods between Zweigle indices and four different textural features.
New anthropometric measure for better fit of women skirts/trousers between the waist and maximum hip level
Authors: PODBEVŠEK Tanja
Published: June 2021

The aim of the paper was to improve development of a basic pattern block with modelling a curve of a side seam across the hips of the skirt or trousers. The area between waist and maximum hip line is completely overlooked since none of the pattern construction systems give exact instructions. Data from anthropometric measurement of the 162 young Slovenian females between 18 and 27 years of age were used to support the idea. The shape of the curve on the side seam of the skirt was quantified with a hip curve distance (HCD) based on a new measure: additional girth measurement 11 cm below the waist girth. HCD range of 4,77 cm pointed to significant differences in shape of the curve on the side seam of the skirt which could not be neglected.