bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patriotic natural history and sericulture in the French Enlightenment (1730–1780)
Authors: Stockland E.
Published: March 2017

Rural practices of silk cultivation came under increasing scrutiny from French savants, state administrators and agricultural improvers during the eighteenth century. The lacklustre performance of the French sericultural industry greatly concerned state administrators at mid century, who viewed dependence on foreign supplies of raw silk as a major source of political and economic weakness. Practitioners of natural history came to champion the disciplined observation of silkworms as vital to the reform of the domestic sericultural industry. Amateur naturalists and provincial savants turned their attention to the anatomical structure and behavior of silkworms, in an attempt to codify sericultural practices that were consistent with the “natural œconomy” of these precious insects. The various techniques that constituted the rapidly expanding field of natural history – dissection, microscopic observation, experimental manipulation and classification – provided a set of tools for making the French sericultural industry materially viable in the face of stiff international competition. Encouraged and rewarded by various bodies of the royal administration, namely by the Bureau de Commerce and the Intendance de Languedoc, these investigations were configured as civic-minded and patriotic pursuits that would contribute to the regeneration of the patrie. By enhancing domestic productivity and public welfare, natural history seemed to offer state administrators a solution to the problems that racked French state and society under the ancien régime. Patriotism provided a powerful social and moral validation for the practice of scientific observation, at a time when natural history was still widely ridiculed as an anti-social pastime for the idle and the eccentric.
Richard Owen: an overlooked parasitologist
Authors: Morley N. J.
Published: March 2017

Richard Owen (1804–1892) is one of the most important British biologists of the nineteenth century, making significant contributions in the field of comparative anatomy. However, one aspect of his scientific output continues to be overlooked, namely his contributions to parasitology and the influence parasites had on formulating his ideas on comparative anatomy and sexual reproduction. An overview of Owen's writings on parasites is presented delineated into three phases, a primary research phase during the 1830s including descriptions of the important human parasite Trichinella spiralis, a secondary phase of using parasites as models for his biological theories during the 1840s and 1850s, and a latter phase dominated by the controversy surrounding priority for the discovery of T. spiralis. Owen is considered as a pioneer of parasitology research whose popularization of the field provided a receptive environment in the UK that facilitates the ground breaking research in tropical parasitology undertaken by other researchers during the late nineteenth century. A bibliography of Owen's publications on parasites is included as an appendix.
An annotated checklist of mesoplodont whale species (Cetacea, Ziphiidae) discovered after the nineteenth century
Authors: Waller G. N. H.
Published: March 2017

Seven species of mesoplodont whales (genus Mesoplodon Gervais, 1850 ) named after the nineteenth century are based on valid descriptions. A checklist listing the original description and type material for each of these species is provided. Additional data given include type locality and illustrative sources, type material holding institution and type registration number. External morphology was recorded for all type specimens except Andrews' Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon bowdoini) and the Pygmy Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon peruvianus).
Life and works of Augustin Augier de Favas (1758–1825), author of “Arbre botanique” (1801)
Authors: Hellström N. P. , André G. , Philippe M.
Published: March 2017

Augustin Augier's “Arbre botanique” (“botanical tree”) (1801), a diagram representing the natural order of plants in the shape of a family tree, is today a standard reference in histories of systematics and phylogenetic trees. The previously unidentified author was a nobleman from Saint-Tropez, a schoolteacher and a priest in the Société de l'Oratoire de Jésus et de Marie immaculée. His biography and two previously unnoticed publications, as well as his correspondence with the Institut national in Paris, are discussed. Knowledge of Augier's identity, his life and works sheds new light upon his taxonomic theories, and helps us to understand his “Arbre botanique”. Long before the tree was made into an icon of evolutionism, Augier used it to demonstrate the beauty and perfect order of divine creation.
The island of origin of Richard Harlan's Galapagos tortoise Testudo elephantopus
Authors: Olson S L. , Humphrey J. R.
Published: March 2017

Nothing was known about the source of the specimen that was the basis for Richard Harlan's description of the tortoise Testudo elephantopus beyond the facts that it was from the Galapagos and was alive in the possession of Philadelphia businessman Whitton Evans before 5 September 1826. From published and archival sources we propose that there is compelling circumstantial evidence that this tortoise was taken on Charles (Floreana, Santa Maria) Island, Galapagos, in September 1825 by Evans's ship America, Isaiah Eldredge master, on its way to Honolulu and Canton. The historically important name Testudo elephantopus Harlan 1826 should therefore take precedence for the extinct tortoise of Charles Island.
The decline and closure of Maison Verreaux as indicated by Władysław Taczanowski's letters
Authors: Daszkiewicz P.
Published: March 2017

Maison Verreaux was one of the longest established businesses dealing in natural history specimens with a catalogue offering thousands of species. Polish naturalists were major contributors to Maison Verreaux particularly of neotropical and Siberian specimens. This article presents an account of the decline and end of the enterprise through the letters of Władysław Taczanowski to Antoni Waga, Benedykt Dybowski, Konstanty Branicki and Konstanty Jelski.
Shiftiness in Keats's ‘Ode on Indolence’
Authors: McDowell Stacey
Published: March 2017

This essay identifies a kind of shiftiness at work in Keats's ‘Ode on Indolence’. Apparent both in the poem's depiction of indolence as a wavering between mind states, and in its wordplay, ambiguity and structural instability, this shifty quality presents an unsettling, more mischievous side of Negative Capability. This quality may account, too, for the peculiar textual instability of the ode, which has seen the order of its stanzas variously rearranged by critics and editors over the course of its bibliographical history. The essay concludes by considering the indolence of the poem's title in relation to a pun contained in its epigraph, which raises questions about what drives poetic creativity and considers the distinction between the labour of professional authorship versus ideas about inspiration and organic composition.
Statistical Determination of a Fretting-Induced Failure of an Electro-Deposited Coating
Authors: Kim Kyungmok
Published: March 2017

This paper describes statistical determination of fretting-induced failure of an electro-deposited coating. A fretting test is conducted using a ball-on-flat plate configuration. During a test, a frictional force is measured, along with the relative displacement between an AISI52100 ball and a coated flat specimen. Measured data are analyzed with statistical process control tools; a frictional force versus number of fretting cycles is plotted on a control chart. On the control chart, critical number of cycles to coating failure is statistically determined. Fretted surfaces are observed after interrupting a series of fretting tests. Worn surface images and wear profiles provide that the increase on the kinetic friction coefficient after a steady-state sliding is attributed to the substrate enlarged at a contact surface. There is a good agreement between observation of worn surfaces and statistical determination for fretting-induced coating failure.
Minimum Sample Size for Reliable Causal Inference Using Transfer Entropy
Authors: Ramos Antônio , Macau Elbert
Published: March 2017

Transfer Entropy has been applied to experimental datasets to unveil causality between variables. In particular, its application to non-stationary systems has posed a great challenge due to restrictions on the sample size. Here, we have investigated the minimum sample size that produces a reliable causal inference. The methodology has been applied to two prototypical models: the linear model autoregressive-moving average and the non-linear logistic map. The relationship between the Transfer Entropy value and the sample size has been systematically examined. Additionally, we have shown the dependence of the reliable sample size and the strength of coupling between the variables. Our methodology offers a realistic lower bound for the sample size to produce a reliable outcome.
A Combined Entropy/Phase-Field Approach to Gravity
Authors: Schmitz Georg J.
Published: March 2017

Terms related to gradients of scalar fields are introduced as scalar products into the formulation of entropy. A Lagrange density is then formulated by adding constraints based on known conservation laws. Applying the Lagrange formalism to the resulting Lagrange density leads to the Poisson equation of gravitation and also includes terms which are related to the curvature of space. The formalism further leads to terms possibly explaining nonlinear extensions known from modified Newtonian dynamics approaches. The article concludes with a short discussion of the presented methodology and provides an outlook on other phenomena which might be dealt with using this new approach.
Battery Pack Grouping and Capacity Improvement for Electric Vehicles Based on a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chen Zheng , Guo Ningyuan , Li Xiaoyu , Shen Jiangwei , Xiao Renxin , Li Siqi
Published: March 2017

This paper proposes an optimal grouping method for battery packs of electric vehicles (EVs). Based on modeling the vehicle powertrain, analyzing the battery degradation performance and setting up the driving cycle of an EV, a genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to optimize the battery grouping topology with the objective of minimizing the total cost of ownership (TCO). The battery capacity and the serial and parallel amounts of the pack can thus be determined considering the influence of battery degradation. The results show that the optimized pack grouping can be solved by GA within around 9 min. Compared with the results of maximum discharge efficiency within a fixed lifetime, the proposed method can not only achieve a higher discharge efficiency, but also reduce the TCO by 2.29%. To enlarge the applications of the proposed method, the sensitivity to driving conditions is also analyzed to further prove the feasibility of the proposed method.
A Time-Efficient Approach for Modelling and Simulation of Aggregated Multiple Photovoltaic Microinverters
Authors: Park Sungmin , Chen Weiqiang , Bazzi Ali , Park Sung-Yeul
Published: March 2017

This paper presents a time-efficient modeling and simulation strategy for aggregated microinverters in large-scale photovoltaic systems. As photovoltaic microinverter systems are typically comprised of multiple power electronic converters, a suitable modeling and simulation strategy that can be used for rapid prototyping is required. Dynamic models incorporating switching action may induce significant computational burdens and long simulation durations. This paper introduces a single-matrix-form approach using the average model of a basic microinverter with two power stages consisting of a dc-dc and dc-ac converter. The proposed methodology using a common or intermediate source between two average models of cascaded converters to find the overall average model is introduced and is applicable to many other converter topologies and combinations. It provides better flexibility and simplicity when investigating various power topologies in system-level studies of microinverter and other power electronic systems. A 200 W prototype microinverter is tested to verify the proposed average and dynamic models. Furthermore, MATLAB/Simulink (2010a, Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA) is used to show the improved simulation speed and maintained accuracy of the multiple microinverter configurations when the derived average model is compared to a dynamic switching simulation model.
Effect of Temperature on Tolbutamide Binding to Glycated Serum Albumin
Authors: Szkudlarek Agnieszka , Pentak Danuta , Ploch Anna , Pożycka Jadwiga , Maciążek-Jurczyk Małgorzata
Published: March 2017

Glycation process occurs in protein and becomes more pronounced in diabetes when an increased amount of reducing sugar is present in bloodstream. Glycation of protein may cause conformational changes resulting in the alterations of its binding properties even though they occur at a distance from the binding sites. The changes in protein properties could be related to several pathological consequences such as diabetic and nondiabetic cardiovascular diseases, cataract, renal dysfunction and Alzheimer’s disease. The experiment was designed to test the impact of glycation process on sulfonylurea drug tolbutamide-albumin binding under physiological (T = 309 K) and inflammatory (T = 311 K and T = 313 K) states using fluorescence and UV-VIS spectroscopies. It was found in fluorescence analysis experiments that the modification of serum albumin in tryptophanyl and tyrosyl residues environment may affect the tolbutamide (TB) binding to albumin in subdomain IIA and/or IIIA (Sudlow’s site I and/or II), and also in subdomains IB and IIB. We estimated the binding of tolbutamide to albumin described by a mixed nature of interaction (specific and nonspecific). The association constants Ka (L∙mol−1) for tolbutamide at its high affinity sites on non-glycated albumin were in the range of 1.98–7.88 × 104 L∙mol−1 (λex = 275 nm), 1.20–1.64 × 104 L∙mol−1 (λex = 295 nm) and decreased to 1.24–0.42 × 104 L∙mol−1 at λex = 275 nm (T = 309 K and T = 311 K) and increased to 2.79 × 104 L∙mol−1 at λex = 275 nm (T = 313 K) and to 4.43–6.61 × 104 L∙mol−1 at λex = 295 nm due to the glycation process. Temperature dependence suggests the important role of van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding in hydrophobic interactions between tolbutamide and both glycated and non-glycated albumin. We concluded that the changes in the environment of TB binding of albumin in subdomain IIA and/or IIIA as well as in subdomains IB and IIB influence on therapeutic effect and therefore the studies of the binding of tolbutamide (in diabetes) to transporting protein under glycation that refers to the modification of a protein are of great importance in pharmacology and biochemistry. This information may lead to the development of more effective drug therapy in people with diabetes.
Chemical and Biological Properties of S-1-Propenyl-ʟ-Cysteine in Aged Garlic Extract
Authors: Kodera Yukihioro , Ushijima Mitsuyasu , Amano Hirotaka , Suzuki Jun-ichiro , Matsutomo Toshiaki
Published: March 2017

S-1-Propenyl-ʟ-cysteine (S1PC) is a stereoisomer of S-1-Propenyl-ʟ-cysteine (SAC), an important sulfur-containing amino acid that plays a role for the beneficial pharmacological effects of aged garlic extract (AGE). The existence of S1PC in garlic preparations has been known since the 1960’s. However, there was no report regarding the biological and/or pharmacological activity of S1PC until 2016. Recently, we performed a series of studies to examine the chemical, biological, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of S1PC, and obtained some interesting results. S1PC existed only in trace amounts in raw garlic, but its concentration increased almost up to the level similar of SAC through aging process of AGE. S1PC showed immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo, and reduced blood pressure in a hypertensive animal model. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that S1PC was readily absorbed after oral administration in rats and dogs with bioavailability of 88–100%. Additionally, S1PC had little inhibitory influence on human cytochrome P450 activities, even at a concentration of 1 mM. Based on these findings, S1PC was suggested to be another important, pharmacologically active and safe component of AGE similar to SAC. In this review, we highlight some results from recent studies on S1PC and discuss the potential medicinal value of S1PC.
The In Vitro–In Vivo Safety Confirmation of PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil as a Surfactant for Oral Nanoemulsion Formulation
Authors: Rachmawati Heni , Novel Miranti , Ayu Sri , Berlian Guntur , Tandrasasmita Olivia , Tjandrawinata Raymond , Anggadiredja Kusnandar
Published: March 2017

Evaluation on the safety use of high concentration of polyoxyl 40 (PEG-40) hydrogenated castor oil as a surfactant for oral nanoemulsion was performed in Webster mice. As previously reported, nearly 20% of PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil was used to emulsify the glyceryl monooleate (GMO) as an oil to the aqueous phase. Thermodynamically stable and spontaneous nanoemulsion was formed by the presence of co-surfactant polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400). Standard parameters were analyzed for nanoemulsion including particle size and particle size distribution, the surface charge of nanoemulsion, and morphology. To ensure the safety of this nanoemulsion, several cell lines were used for cytotoxicity study. In addition, 5000 mg/kg body weight (BW) of the blank nanoemulsion was given orally to Webster mice once a day for 14 days. Several parameters such as gross anatomy, body weight, and main organs histopathology were observed. In particular, by considering the in vivo data, it is suggested that nanoemulsion composed with a high amount of PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil is acceptable for oral delivery of active compounds.
Tourniquet: Knowledge Of Emergency Nurses In Face Of Its Risks And Benefits
Authors: Silva Cavalcante Moniza Karlla , Marques Nunes Elicarlos , Dos Santos Dantas Geórgia Cristina , Montenegro da Silva Andrêssa , Dantas Caldas Tacyane Fabíola , Bandeira Formiga Henrique José , Veras Damiana , Da Silva Carvalho Robéria , França Gutemberg José , Dias de Oliveira Josseana , Raniere Nunes Maria Do Desterro , Bernadino Soares Carina , Possidonio de Sousa Fernanda , Da Nóbrega Xavier Martins Edmara , Martins Ferreira Allan
Published: March 2017

Introduction: The population has experienced an urban martyrdom in traffic due to the growing number of vehicles, which in many cases have not accompanied the development of their respective cities in the social and structural questions. With this, it became routine situations to encounter the Emergency Mobile Assistance Service (SAMU) addressing accident victims, in which some of them lose their lives on public roads in the face of the need to receive treatment for complications arising from the trauma mechanism in very short time.

Objective: The study evaluated nurses' knowledge regarding the applicability of the tourniquet, from a risk and benefit perspective.

Method: It is an exploratory type research, with quantitative character and approach, it was performed with 30 (thirty) SAMU nurses, who were informed about the objectives of the same. They were included those who provided direct assistance to the population; Of effective positions or contracted in the service; And those with more than 1 year of service at SAMU. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire, previously elaborated, containing objective, subjective and non-inductive questions, which allowed the informant to answer the data pertinent to the study.

Results: The study highlighted the predominance of women among the nurses, aged between 31 and 35 years, specialists, with more than 7 years of training, and with time of operation in Pre-hospital Care between 1 and 3 years. It can be observed that they are aware of the definitive treatment related to the types of hemorrhages, as well as the factors that interfere in their severity. They would be able to carry out a hemorrhage, but they were outdated in relation to the applicability of the tourniquet, reporting being the first-choice method for restraining the hemorrhages.

Conclusion: Therefore, tourniquets can be used safely for up to 120 to 150 minutes, without significant nerve or muscle damage. Its application is considerable in regard to the preservation of life.

Keywords: Prehospital Care. Bleeding. Tourniquet.
The Scientific production about the Human Caring Theory: a bibliometric study
Authors: Da Silva Eliane Cristina , Jácome de Lima Carla Lidiane , Lacet Zaccara Ana Aline , Evangelista Carla Braz , De Oliveira Evelyne de Lourdes Neves , Oliveira de Sousa Alana Tamar , Oliveira Coutinho Silva Maria de Fátima , Geraldo da Costa Solange de Fátima , Figueiredo de Sá França Jael Rubia
Published: March 2017

The Human Caring Theory supports and guides the nursing care with a view to a holistic and transpersonal care, bringing attention love, ethics and spirituality as an essential component of care. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze Bibliometric indicators of scientific literature concerning the Human Caring Theory disseminated in journals online, with an emphasis on characterization of publications. It is a Bibliometric study in a quantitative approach. The sample was made up of 55 articles published from 1995 to 2015. The data obtained showed that the national journals are published on Human Caring Theory, with predominance of original articles published between the years 2010 and 2011. It is concluded that the publications about the subject investigated quantitative feature listless, considering the period researched. It is suggested to conduct new studies to broaden and deepen the knowledge. 

Key words: Nursing; Nursing Theory; Nursing Care; Bibliometrics; Comprehensive Health Care.
Integrative Community Therapy And Its Meaning For Student Life
Authors: Matos Maria De Lourdes , Pinheiro De Carvalho Mariana Albernaz , Da Silva Pascoal Francilene Figueirêdo , Regis Silva Edlene , De Oliveira Ferreira Filha Maria , Porfirio Souza Gabrielle , Fernandes Dantas Muniz Narjara Luiza , De Araújo Neto Antônio Herculano , Araújo de Medeiros Jhéssica Rawane
Published: March 2017

Objective: Understanding the meaning of ICT (Integrative Community Therapy) in the life of students participating in the Extension Project “O desabrochar de si: a TCI no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial”.

Method: It is an exploratory and descriptive study of qualitative approach that sought to understand the phenomenon in question using an instrument of semi-structured interview applied to students of the Education and Health Center at the Campina Grande Federal University (UFCG), Cuite campus, in the state of Paraiba.

Results: The results found enabled the construction of the following categories: Knowing the (un)known: the meeting with and approach to ICT; ICT and its mobilizing potential; and the following subcategories: Revealing a cycle of discoveries; Unveiling experiences for life. This study revealed that ICT has a relevant impact, bringing forth positive changes in the life of students in question.

Conclusion: It can be said that the participants expressed satisfaction and personal changes, since ICT availed at rescuing essential values for their lives, favoring the discovery and the finding of strengths to face the adversities of daily life. The students found in the Extension Project and in ICT a source of support for personal improvement, besides giving the opportunity for the creation and strengthening of bonds between the team, community and professors.
Night Work And Its Implications In The Quality Of Life Of Nurses
Authors: Moreira Wanderson Carneiro , Ferreira Anderson De Assis , De Sousa Agna Roberta Rodrigues , Dos Santos Wenysson Noleto , Da Silva Hallyson Leno Lucas , Da Costa Girlene Ribeiro , Alencar Delmo De Carvalho , Brito Rennan Petit , Damasceno Carolinne Kilcia Carvalho Sena , Vieira Samara Karine Sena Fernandes
Published: March 2017

Objective: to know the consequences that night work can bring to the quality of life of nurses, identifying the strategies adopted by nurses to stay healthy.

Method: descriptive, mixed-approach (quanti-qualitative) research, carried out with nine Nursing professionals. Data were collected in June 2016.

Results: The male gender (77.7%) prevailed, the working time in the sector was between 1 and 5 years (55.5%), with the majority still working overtime (66.6%). Most participants report being dissatisfied with the quality of their sleep, although 88.8% of professionals say they are satisfied with their quality of life. From the testimonies, we obtained the meanings that were grouped in the categories: "It is something related to my health", "It interferes with my work, family and leisure ...", Night work and basic necessities.

Conclusion: It was found that night work has negative social impacts that affect workers' personal and social lives. These negative aspects are compounded by poor working conditions, double working hours, overtime, among other factors.
A 3D Voronoi+Gapper Galaxy Cluster Finder in Redshift Space to z ∼ 0.2 I: an Algorithm Optimized for the 2dFGRS
Authors: Pereira Sebastián , Campusano Luis E. , Hitschfeld-Kahler Nancy , Pizarro Daniel , Haines Christopher P. , Clowes Roger G. , Marinello Gabriel , Söchting Ilona K.
Published: March 2017

This paper is the first in a series, presenting a new galaxy cluster finder based on a three-dimensional Voronoi Tesselation plus a maximum likelihood estimator, followed by gapping-filtering in radial velocity(VoML+G). The scientific aim of the series is a reassessment of the diversity of optical clusters in the local universe. A mock galaxy database mimicking the southern strip of the magnitude(blue)-limited 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS), for the redshift range 0.009 < z < 0.22, is built on the basis of the Millennium Simulation of the LCDM cosmology and a reference catalog of “Millennium clusters,” spannning across the 1.0 × 1012–1.0 × 1015
M
⊙
h
−1 dark matter (DM) halo mass range, is recorded. The validation of VoML+G is performed through its application to the mock data and the ensuing determination of the completeness and purity of the cluster detections by comparison with the reference catalog. The execution of VoML+G over the 2dFGRS mock data identified 1614 clusters, 22% with N

g
 ≥ 10, 64 percent with 10 > N

g
 ≥ 5, and 14% with N

g
 < 5. The ensemble of VoML+G clusters has a ∼59% completeness and a ∼66% purity, whereas the subsample with N

g
 ≥ 10, to z ∼ 0.14, has greatly improved mean rates of ∼75% and ∼90%, respectively. The VoML+G cluster velocity dispersions are found to be compatible with those corresponding to “Millennium clusters” over the 300–1000 km s−1 interval, i.e., for cluster halo masses in excess of ∼3.0 × 1013
M
⊙
h
−1.
Dynamical Models for the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal in a ΛCDM Universe
Authors: Strigari Louis E. , Frenk Carlos S. , White Simon D. M.
Published: March 2017

The Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy appears to contain two distinct stellar populations of differing metallicity. Several authors have argued that in order for these two populations to reside in the same gravitational potential, the dark matter halo must have a core similar to that observed in the stellar count profile. This would exclude cuspy Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) density profiles of the kind predicted for halos and subhalos by dark matter-only simulations of the ΛCDM cosmological model. We present a new theoretical framework to analyze observations of stellar count and velocity in a self-consistent manner based on separable models,

, for the distribution function of an equilibrium spherical system. We use this machinery to analyze available photometric and kinematic data for the two stellar populations in Sculptor. We find, contrary to some previous claims, that the data are consistent with populations in equilibrium within an NFW dark matter potential with structural parameters in the range expected in ΛCDM; we find no statistical preference for a potential with a core. Our models allow a maximum circular velocity for Sculptor between 20 and 35 km s−1. We discuss why some previous authors came to a different conclusion.
Evolution of Dust-obscured Star Formation and Gas to z = 2.2 from HiZELS
Authors: Thomson A. P. , Simpson J. M. , Smail Ian , Swinbank A. M. , Best P. N. , Sobral D. , Geach J. E. , Ibar E. , Johnson H. L.
Published: March 2017

We investigate the far-infrared (far-IR) properties of galaxies selected via deep, narrow-band imaging of the Hα emission line in four redshift slices from

over ∼1 deg2 as part of the High-redshift Emission Line Survey (HiZELS). We use a stacking approach in the Herschel PACS/SPIRE far-IR bands, along with

imaging from SCUBA-2 and Very Large Array 1.4 GHz imaging, to study the evolution of the dust properties of Hα-emitters selected above an evolving characteristic luminosity threshold,

. We investigate the relationship between the dust temperatures, T
dust, and the far-infrared luminosities, L
IR, of our stacked samples, finding that our Hα-selection identifies cold, low-L
IR galaxies (

K;

) at z = 0.40, and more luminous, warmer systems (

K;

) at z = 2.23. Using a modified graybody model, we estimate “characteristic sizes” for the dust-emitting regions of Hα-selected galaxies of ∼0.5 kpc, nearly an order of magnitude smaller than their stellar continuum sizes, which may provide indirect evidence of clumpy interstellar medium structure. Lastly, we use measurements of the dust masses from our far-IR stacking along with metallicity-dependent gas-to-dust ratios (

) to measure typical molecular gas masses of

for these bright Hα-emitters. The gas depletion timescales are shorter than the Hubble time at each redshift, suggesting probable replenishment of their gas reservoirs from the intergalactic medium. Based on the number density of Hα-selected galaxies, we find that typical star-forming galaxies brighter than

comprise a significant fraction (35 ± 10%) of the total gas content of the universe, consistent with the predictions of the latest state-of-the-art cosmological simulations.
Unveiling the First Black Holes With JWST:Multi-wavelength Spectral Predictions
Authors: Natarajan Priyamvada , Pacucci Fabio , Ferrara Andrea , Agarwal Bhaskar , Ricarte Angelo , Zackrisson Erik , Cappelluti Nico
Published: March 2017

Growing supermassive black holes (

) that power luminous

quasars from light seeds—the remnants of the first stars—within a Gyr of the Big Bang poses a timing challenge. The formation of massive black hole seeds via direct collapse with initial masses

alleviates this problem. Viable direct-collapse black hole formation sites, the satellite halos of star-forming galaxies, merge and acquire stars to produce a new, transient class of high-redshift objects, obese black hole galaxies (OBGs). The accretion luminosity outshines that of the stars in OBGs. We predict the multi-wavelength energy output of OBGs and growing Pop III remnants at z = 9 for standard and slim disk accretion, as well as high and low metallicities of the associated stellar population. We derive robust selection criteria for OBGs—a pre-selection to eliminate blue sources, followed by color–color cuts

and the ratio of X-ray flux to rest-frame optical flux

. Our cuts sift out OBGs from other bright, high- and low-redshift contaminants in the infrared. OBGs with predicted

are unambiguously detectable by the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), on the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). For parameters explored here, growing Pop III remnants with predicted

will likely be undetectable by JWST. We demonstrate that JWST has the power to discriminate between initial seeding mechanisms.
ALMA Observations of Starless Core Substructure in Ophiuchus
Authors: Kirk H. , Dunham M. M. , Francesco J. Di , Johnstone D. , Offner S. S. R. , Sadavoy S. I. , Tobin J. J. , Arce H. G. , Bourke T. L. , Mairs S. , Myers P. C. , Pineda J. E. , Schnee S. , Shirley Y. L.
Published: March 2017

Compact substructure is expected to arise in a starless core as mass becomes concentrated in the central region likely to form a protostar. Additionally, multiple peaks may form if fragmentation occurs. We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 2 observations of 60 starless and protostellar cores in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud. We detect eight compact substructures which are

from the nearest Spitzer young stellar object. Only one of these has strong evidence for being truly starless after considering ancillary data, e.g., from Herschel and X-ray telescopes. An additional extended emission structure has tentative evidence for starlessness. The number of our detections is consistent with estimates from a combination of synthetic observations of numerical simulations and analytical arguments. This result suggests that a similar ALMA study in the Chamaeleon I cloud, which detected no compact substructure in starless cores, may be due to the peculiar evolutionary state of cores in that cloud.
A Probabilistic Approach to Fitting Period–luminosity Relations and Validating Gaia Parallaxes
Authors: Sesar Branimir , Fouesneau Morgan , Price-Whelan Adrian M. , Bailer-Jones Coryn A. L. , Gould Andy , Rix Hans-Walter
Published: March 2017

Pulsating stars, such as Cepheids, Miras, and RR Lyrae stars, are important distance indicators and calibrators of the “cosmic distance ladder,” and yet their period–luminosity–metallicity (PLZ) relations are still constrained using simple statistical methods that cannot take full advantage of available data. To enable optimal usage of data provided by the Gaia mission, we present a probabilistic approach that simultaneously constrains parameters of PLZ relations and uncertainties in Gaia parallax measurements. We demonstrate this approach by constraining PLZ relations of type ab RR Lyrae stars in near-infrared W1 and W2 bands, using Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) parallax measurements for a sample of ≈100 type ab RR Lyrae stars located within 2.5 kpc of the Sun. The fitted PLZ relations are consistent with previous studies, and in combination with other data, deliver distances precise to 6% (once various sources of uncertainty are taken into account). To a precision of 0.05 mas (1σ), we do not find a statistically significant offset in TGAS parallaxes for this sample of distant RR Lyrae stars (median parallax of 0.8 mas and distance of 1.4 kpc). With only minor modifications, our probabilistic approach can be used to constrain PLZ relations of other pulsating stars, and we intend to apply it to Cepheid and Mira stars in the near future.
Long-term Longitudinal Recurrences of the Open Magnetic Flux Density in the Heliosphere
Authors: Dósa M. , Erdős G.
Published: March 2017

Open magnetic flux in the heliosphere is determined from the radial component of the magnetic field vector measured onboard interplanetary space probes. Previous Ulysses research has shown remarkable independence of the flux density from heliographic latitude, explained by super-radial expansion of plasma. Here we are investigating whether any longitudinal variation exists in the 50 year long OMNI magnetic data set. The heliographic longitude of origin of the plasma package was determined by applying a correction according to the solar wind travel time. Significant recurrent enhancements of the magnetic flux density were observed throughout solar cycle 23, lasting for several years. Similar, long-lasting recurring features were observed in the solar wind velocity, temperature and the deviation angle of the solar wind velocity vector from the radial direction. Each of the recurrent features has a recurrence period slightly differing from the Carrington rotation rate, although they show a common trend in time. Examining the coronal temperature data of ACE leads to the possible explanation that these long-term structures are caused by slow–fast solar wind interaction regions. A comparison with MESSENGER data measured at 0.5 au shows that these longitudinal magnetic modulations do not exist closer to the Sun, but are the result of propagation.
Detection of Salmonella human carriers in Colombian outbreak areas
Authors: Carvajal-Restrepo Hernán , Sánchez-Jiménez Miryan Margot , Diaz-Rodríguez Sergio , Cardona-Castro Nora
Published: March 2017

Introduction: Salmonellosis, a zoonotic and foodborne disease, is a public health problem in developing countries. With the aim of identifying human carriers of Salmonella, a survey was performed in five regions of Colombia with reported salmonellosis outbreaks. Methodology: The general population and cholecystectomy surgical patients were included in this study. Stool samples from 667 volunteers and gallbladder bile samples from 199 surgical patients were examined. Detection of Salmonella from cultured stool and bile samples was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Multiplex PCR and biochemical and serological tests were performed to identify the serovars of the isolates. Results: Nine (1.35%) stool samples were positive for Salmonella: two S. Newport, two S. Anatum, one S. Sinstorf, and four Salmonella spp. A total of 11 gallbladder bile samples were positive: S. Enteritidis was isolated from 3 bile cultures (1.5%), and 8 samples (4%) were positive for Salmonella spp. Conclusions: Our results show the presence of Salmonella carriers in the inhabitants of regions with reported outbreaks and suggest that these carriers are potential sources of infection in endemic and epidemic cases. Carriers also suggest Salmonella zoonotic transmission, since broiler and beef cattle are hosts to the Salmonella serotypes isolated. It is important to establish the source of infection in regions where salmonellosis is endemic in order to control transmission.
Prevalence of Trypanosoma Cruzi antibodies in blood donors from the Sao Paulo State, Brazil, between 2012 and 2014
Authors: Slavov Svetoslav Nanev , Otaguiri Katia Kaori , Pinto Mariana Tomazini , Valente Vanderléia Bárbaro , Ubiali Eugênia Maria Amorim , Covas Dimas Tadeu , Kashima Simone
Published: March 2017

Introduction: American tripanosomiasis (Chagas disease), the second most neglected disease in the world, is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Though natural transmission by insect vectors has been controlled, there is significant risk of T. cruzi transmission by blood transfusion in non-endemic regions, generally due to immigration processes from endemic areas. Methodology: The objective of this study was to evaluate anti-T. cruzi seroprevalence in blood donors from the western part of São Paulo State, Brazil, by serologic and immunofluorescence confirmation tests for the period between 2012 and 2014. Currently, this region is regarded as a non-endemic area for Chagas disease. Results: The confirmed overall T. cruzi seroprevalence among blood donors was 0.10%, which can be considered low compared to other Brazilian regions. Nevertheless, the distribution of the anti-T. cruzi antibodies within the examined region was uneven, and some areas of significantly higher prevalence were observed. Conclusions: We could consider two tendencies in the prevalence of T. cruzi: (i) residual older undiagnosed cases from São Paulo State, and (ii) immigration from endemic Brazilian or South American regions. The discordance obtained for T. cruzi prevalence by serologic and immunofluorescence methods demonstrates that more specific routine diagnosis is needed to diminish the cost of the assays and the loss of blood supply once all seropositive blood bags are immediately discarded.
Individual and Collective Competence
Authors: Shinners Jean , Franqueiro Tammy
Published: March 2017

Concepts of competence and competency management continue to challenge and stress nursing professional development practitioners. A shift from focusing on individual competence to building the competence of a team is one strategy to meet the increasing needs of the current health care environment.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(4):148–150.
Let's Cooperate! Integrating Cooperative Learning Into a Lesson on Ethics
Authors: Reineke Patricia R.
Published: March 2017

Cooperative learning is an effective teaching strategy that promotes active participation in learning and can be used in academic, clinical practice, and professional development settings. This article describes that strategy and provides an example of its use in a lesson about ethics.

J Contin Nurs Educ.
2017;48(4):154–156.
The Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Lee In
Published: March 2017

As the Internet of Things (IoT) opens up new business opportunities, firms are trying to understand the impacts of the IoT revolution on their supply chain. Despite the tremendous interest by supply chain managers to leverage the IoT, there are still a paucity of studies that integrate the management side of supply chain with the technical side of the IoT. This chapter attempts to fill the current gap in research. This chapter discusses capabilities of the IoT-based supply chain applications. Then, it presents a conceptual framework of the IoT applications essential for smart supply chain. Finally, this chapter discusses technical and managerial challenges faced by supply chain managers in implementing the IoT.
The Internet of Things
Authors: Chen Edward T.
Published: March 2017

The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to increase quality of life, heighten performance of systems and processes, and save valuable time for businesses and people. Common objects and devices are being linked with Internet connectivity and have capabilities for data analytics that affect day-to-day experiences of both individuals and businesses. The notions of Smart Health, Smart Cities, and Smart Living come into play as the Internet of Things plays a role in today's world. This chapter presents IoT devices and application examples as well as descriptions of the benefits and limitations alongside an assessment of each respective technology's potential for success in the future. Security and privacy are important factors that need to be addressed within the different domains. This chapter addresses these potentials, issues, and challenges for managers to be prepared for the new wave brought forth by the IoT.
Computational Business Intelligence, Big Data, and Their Role in Business Decisions in the Age of the Internet of Things
Authors: Vidal-García Javier , Vidal Marta , Barros Rafael Hernandez
Published: March 2017

The evolution of the big data and new techniques related to the processing and analysis of large databases is revolutionizing the management of companies in the age of the Internet of Things (IoT). In this chapter, we examine the possibilities of big data to improve the services offered by companies and the customer experience and increase the efficiency of these companies. Companies must accept the challenge of self-assessment and measure the barriers that threaten to prevent them from reaching to get the maximum potential derived from big data and analytics. The combination of big data and computational business intelligence will change completely processes, logistics and distribution strategies, the choice of marketing channels and any aspect of the production and marketing of products and services. A case of GE is presented to showcase the use of the IoT and big data. All companies, regardless of size or sector, will improve their business operations due to big data generated from the social media and IoT applications and its use in computational business intelligence.
Flipping the High School English Classroom Without Flipping Out
Authors: Brown Deborah
Published: March 2017

This chapter examines how a high school English language arts (ELA) teacher recorded instructional videos for students to watch outside the classroom in order to create more time in class to use experiential techniques, such as Project Based Learning (PBL). The chapter describes how the instructor first learned about the flipped technique, began teaching at a high school organized around the flipped concept, and identified what parts of the ELA curriculum could be delivered effectively as short videos. The author describes different techniques for creating flipped videos and how flipped videos were applied in a class lesson. The chapter also examines the academic and social impact of assigning video homework on both the students and parents in the school community, and describes the different styles of videos used in the school.
Re-Examining the Impact of Financial System on Economic Growth
Authors: Altay Bülent , Topcu Mert
Published: March 2017

Recent developments in panel data econometrics allow researchers to estimate heterogeneous parameters. Given this novelty, the goal of this paper is to revisit the financial development-economic growth nexus for a panel of 76 developing counties using recent heterogeneous panel time series estimation methods. Findings indicate that results are very volatile across different empirical specifications. Overall, results provide a strong support of a negative impact that banking development on growth. At regional level, however, there is relatively little evidence of such relationship. On the side of the stock market, there is no much indication in favor of stock market-led growth hypothesis either at pooled panel or at regional level.
Understanding the Financial Derivatives Instruments
Authors: Kayahan Cantürk
Published: March 2017

Today, core of the individual and institutional decisions are mainly finance and economics related thereby in today's world the most important success and performance indicators are financial results. Concepts which are called as change or innovation found themselves throughs derivative products in financial markets. Basically, the instruments that are known as forwards, futures, options and swaps have left their mark in last 20 years. However, after the 2008 financial crisis, these products have been labeled as toxic, complex or speculative and held solely responsible for the crisis. Whereas, first appearance of the derivative products was directed toward hedging and risk management. Therefore, objective of this study is to academically explain basic operating principles of financial derivative markets from conceptual and functioning point of view, to understand their places in world financial markets and to analyze their pricing examples. In this way, we aim to help students, academicians, and researchers make better assessment of derivative products.
The Operational Risk Assessments in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Akgün Melek
Published: March 2017

Today's companies are facing frequent fluctuation in their social, politics, economics and natural environments, which significantly increased complexity in management function. In such a high risk environment planning, coordinating and control of a company's functions is a very challenging duty for management teams. Regardless of the source this kind risks are dealt with by operational risk management process. The operational risk management has been applied mostly in financial institutions, particularly in the banks until near past. Nevertheless, the companies that are non-financial have to also use operational risk management techniques to continue properly their operations. The purpose of operational risk management can be defined as enhancing hazard identification in the operational environment in order to eliminate risks or reduce them to an acceptable level. In this chapter will be discussed the methods and techniques could be used for the operational risk assessment in manufacturing industry.