bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Life satisfaction, worthwhileness of life and leisure activities among older people: assessing the mediating effect of self-reported health limitations
Authors: Hancock K.E. , Sherar L.B. , Downward P.
Published: April 2021

What makes life worthwhile is an under-researched dimension of subjective wellbeing (SWB) but important for older people. Leisure participation is positively related to SWB, but SWB reduces with poor health, and health deteriorates with age. Drawing on pooled cross-sectional Taking Part Surveydata on almost 7,000 English adults aged 50+ from 2016/17-2018/19, we investigated relationships between different leisure activities and life satisfaction and worthwhileness. The analyses further explored the mediating effects of limiting long-standing illness and/or disability. Before accounting for health limitations, participating in exercise-related physical activity (i.e., sport and exercise) and a greater number of different leisure activities were positively associated with both SWB dimensions. Passive mental activities (e.g., TV-watching) were negatively associated with SWB. Other physical activities (i.e., activities of daily living, e.g., gardening, active travel); social activities; cultural activities (e.g., visiting museums, cinemas) and hobbies (e.g., handicrafts, music-making) were associated with worthwhileness. Using Structural Equation Modelling we showed the mediating effect of health limitations varied with SWB dimension and different leisure activities. Positive associations between social and culture/hobby activities and SWB were not mediated by poor health; neither was the negative association between passive mental activities and SWB. The positive association between exercise-related physical activity and SWB was mediated by health limitations more than other physical activities. Overall, poor health mediated the association between worthwhileness and leisure activities less than life satisfaction. Promoting a range of activities contributing to feelings of worthwhileness may provide a route to enhanced wellbeing, despite declining health among older people.
Galangin Resolves Cardiometabolic Disorders Through Modulation of AdipoR1/COX-2/ NF-κB Expressions in High-Fat Diet Fed Rats
Authors: Prasatthong Patoomporn , Meephat Sariya , Rattanakanokchai Siwayu , Khamseekaew Juthamas , Bunbupha Sarawoot , Prachaney Parichat , Maneesai Putcharawipa , Pakdeechote Poungrat
Published: April 2021

Background: Rats fed with a high-fat diet exerts signs of cardiometabolic disorders. Galangin is a natural flavonoid mainly isolated from honey and Alpinia officinarum Hance and has various biological activities. This study evaluated whether galangin could alleviate cardiometabolic disorders, inflammation and oxidative stress in a high-fat diet fed rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a high-fat diet plus 15% fructose in drinking water for 4 months to induced signs of metabolic syndrome (MS), and they were treated with galangin at a dose 25 or 50 mg/kg or metformin at a dose 100 mg/kg or vehicle for the last four weeks. All data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test for multiple comparisons analysis.Results: Rats fed with a high-fat diet had impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hypertrophy of adipocytes, impaired liver function and hypertension. These signs of MS were alleviated by galangin or metformin treatment (p<0.05). Galangin or metformin alleviated cardiac dysfunction and remodeling induced by a high-fat diet in rats (p<0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 concentrations and expression were high in plasma and cardiac tissue in MS rats, and these inflammatory markers were suppressed by galangin or metformin treatment (p<0.05). Galangin alleviated a high-fat diet induced low levels of adiponectin in rats. Galangin or metformin decreased oxidative stress biomarkers, aortic superoxide generation and plasma and cardiac MDA levels, and raised endogenous antioxidant enzume activities, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, in MS rats (p<0.05). Downregulation of adiponectin receptor1 (AdipoR1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as well as upregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression were observed in MS rats. These alterations of protein expressions were recovered in MS rats treated with galangin or metformin. Conclusions: Galangin reduced cardiometabolic disorders in high-fat diet induced MS rats. The underlying mechanisms might be relevant to suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress and restoration of AdipoR1/COX-2/NF-κB expression.
Analytical Framework to Build Predictive and Optimization Functions From Manufacturing Industry Sensor Data Using Cross Sectional Sharing
Authors: R Bhaskaran , Kalaiselvi K , Murali D. , Reddy R. Venkateswara , Devi G.Naga Rama , Ponnusamy Sivakumar
Published: April 2021

Nowadays in industry sensor data are used. This needs to be shared in many areas for making the prediction. Also, it needs to be optimized for making the things to do automatically. This paper proposes a novel analytical framework to build predictive and optimization functions from manufacturing industry sensor data using cross sectional sharing which combines all different types of operation in a cross-sectional lab, which is a cooperative site in which huge quantities of data from numerous sites are composed as well as managed in a terrific way. The predictions and the optimization are made possible and store the same using the big data storage. Big Data Storage as well as Analytics Platform; Development Tools; Modelling Tools for Imitation Concepts as well as Power Framework are carried over in cross sectional lab. This is making the relations ship entities using Relational Data Base Management Systems (RDBMS). Various apache versions are used for the implementation of this which acts in a cloud platform. In the case study, the mean and variance were calculated and plotted.
Endogenization of ssDNA fragment from an infectious virus in the genome of the Chaetoceros tenuissimus
Authors: Hongo Yuki , Kimura Kei , Takaki Yoshihiro , Yoshida Yukari , Baba Shuichiro , Kobayashi Genta , Nagasaki Keizo , Hano Takeshi , Tomaru Yuji
Published: April 2021

One of the smallest diatoms, Chaetoceros tenuissimus, maintains their population despite coexisting with infectious viruses during blooms. To further understand this relationship, here, we sequenced the C. tenuissimus NIES-3715 genome. A gene fragment of a replication-associated gene from its own infectious ssDNA virus (designated endogenous virus-like fragment, EVLF) was found to be integrated in a total of 41 Mbp of both haploid assemblies. In addition, the EVLF was transcriptionally active and conserved in nine other C. tenuissimus strains from different geographical areas, although the primary structures of their proteins varied. The phylogenetic tree further suggested that the EVLF was acquired by the ancestor of C. tenuissimus. A target site duplication, a hallmark for long interspersed nuclear element retrotransposons, flanked the EVLF. Therefore, the EVLF was likely integrated by a retrotransposon during viral infection. The present study used genome information provides further insights into the diatom-virus evolutionary relationship.
Stereotactic-EEG Guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation Versus Anterior Temporal Lobectomy for Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yi-He , Chen Si-Chang , Wei Peng-Hu , Yang Kun , Fan Xiao-Tong , Meng Fei , Du Jia-Lin , Ren Lian-Kun , Shan Yongzhi , Zhao Guo-Guang
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

In this report, we aim to describe the design for the randomized controlled trial of Stereotactic-electroencephalogram (EEG) guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation versus Anterior Temporal Lobectomy for Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis (STARTS). Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a classical subtype of temporal lobe epilepsy that often requires surgical intervention. Although anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) remains the most popular treatment for mTLE, accumulating evidence has indicated that ATL can cause tetartanopia and memory impairments. Stereotactic EEG (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RF-TC) is a non-invasive alternative associated with lower seizure freedom but greater preservation of neurological function. In the present study, we aim to compare the safety and efficacy of SEEG-guided RF-TC and classical ATL in the treatment of mTLE.
Methods and analysis:

STARTS is a single-centre, two-arm, randomised controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. The study includes patients with typical mTLE over the age of 14 who have drug-resistant seizures for at least 2 years and have been determined via detailed evaluation to be surgical candidates prior to randomisation. The primary outcome measure is cognitive function at the 1-year follow-up after treatment. Seizure outcomes, visual field abnormalities after surgery, quality of life, ancillary outcomes, and adverse events will also be evaluated at 1-year follow-up as secondary outcomes.
Disscussion:

SEEG-guided RF-TC for mTLE remains a controversial seizure outcome but has the advantage for cognitive and visual filed protection. This is the first RCT studying cognitive outcomes and treatment results between SEEG-guided RF-TC and standard ATL for mTLE with hippocampal sclerosis. This study may provide a higher levels of clinical evidence for the treatment for mTLE.
Trial registration:

The STARTS protocol has been registered on the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov): NCT03941613. The status of the STARTS was recruiting and the estimated study completion date was December 31, 2021.
Gathering evidence on e-rubrics: Perspectives and many facet Rasch analysis of rating behavior
Authors: ERGUVAN Inan Deniz , AKSU DÜNYA Beyza
Published: April 2021

This study examined the faculty perspectives towards the use of electronic rubrics and their rating behavior in a freshman composition course. A mixed-methods approach has been employed for data collection and analysis. The data for faculty perspectives were collected from nine instructors through semi-structured interviews and for their behavior, six instructors teaching the same course in Fall 2019, shared their students’ essay scores with the researchers. Many facet Rasch model (MFRM) was employed for quantitative data analysis. According to the findings of the quantitative data, the instructors differed in their degree of leniency and severity, one instructor being more lenient and one being more severe than the others. Another interesting finding was one instructor turned out to be an inconsistent user of the e-rubric. The findings of the qualitative data showed that writing faculty think e-rubrics come with great advantages such as facilitating scoring, ensuring standardization, and reducing student complaints and grade appeals. However, they view the impact of e-rubrics on student writing with cautious optimism. The findings of the qualitative and quantitative strands are overlapping, and the responses elicited from the participants seem to shed some light on the rating behavior of the writing faculty.
Venice in Varanasi: Fluid landscapes, aesthetic encounters and the unexpected geographies of tourist representation
Authors: Zara Cristiana
Published: April 2021

This article has developed from a broader research project on tourist representations and practices in Varanasi, India’s renowned sacred city and popular tourist destination situated by the ‘holy’ Ganges. Here, a recurring ‘sense of Venice’ emerged from Western travel narratives and landscape representations, evoked by both visual and more- than-visual encounters. Drawing on cultural geographies of landscape engaging postcolonial, representational and non-representational theories, the article unravels Venice’s capacity to exist beyond Venice and to mobilise affectual aesthetic connections across different social, material, spatial and temporal contexts. Through an empirical analysis of aesthetic experiences of ‘Venice-in-Varanasi’, it illuminates the ontological liminality of Venice as waterland and image and its epistemological capacity to navigate the entangled material, affective and representational modes through which we encounter the world. Advancing relational theories of landscape via an empirical focus on the waterscapes of Venice and Varanasi, the article contributes to water studies and critical tourism by proposing a fluid and mobile ontology of landscape which seeks to destabilise the representational/non-representational binary, thus feeding into growing research in this direction.
Conformal partial waves in momentum space
Authors: Gillioz Marc
Published: April 2021

The decomposition of 4-point correlation functions into conformal
partial waves is a central tool in the study of conformal field theory.
We compute these partial waves for scalar operators in Minkowski
momentum space, and find a closed-form result valid in arbitrary
space-time dimension d \geq 3d≥3
(including non-integer dd).
Each conformal partial wave is expressed as a sum over ordinary spin
partial waves, and the coefficients of this sum factorize into a product
of vertex functions that only depend on the conformal data of the
incoming, respectively outgoing operators. As a simple example, we apply
this conformal partial wave decomposition to the scalar box integral in
d = 4d=4
dimensions.
Russian pharmaceutical market at the end of 2020
Authors:   RM Analytics, Kazova Anastasiya , Kalinina Nadezhda ,   RM Analytics
Published: April 2021

The unfavourable epidemic situation and epidemic-related government spending on the medical and pharmaceutical sectors provided added momentum to the growth of the Russian pharmaceutical market in the first months of 2020. The government investments in the procurement of pharmaceutical and medical products as well as the implementation of the Pharma-2030 strategy will continue to be the main drivers of such growth in the medium and long term. Adopted back in April 2019, this strategy provides for a rising scale of expenditure on healthcare, further import substitution, the local content of products made in Russia by foreign multinationals, as well as the development of e-commerce in the pharmaceutical retail sector.
Рейтинг аптечных сетей России по итогам 2020 года
Authors:   RNC Pharma, Беспалов Николай , Расщупкин Павел ,   RNC Pharma
Published: April 2021

В январе текущего года произошло любопытное во всех отношениях событие: капитализация российского интернет-ретейлера «Озон» превысила биржевую оценку стоимости сети X5 Retail Group. Примечательно при этом, что выручка компаний за 2020 г. различается более чем в 10 раз, к тому же «Озон» не планировал в ближайшем будущем выплачивать дивиденды. По факту компании выдан поистине громадный кредит доверия, который в прошлом году, естественно, подогревался бумом развития дистанционных форматов торговли.
Distributors-2020
Authors:   DSM Group, Nechaeva Yuliya
Published: April 2021

2020, with all its challenges, has been a test of strength for the distributor chains. After all, it was them on whom uninterrupted provision of population with medicines largely depended: timely supply of drugs to the pharmacies, dealing with manufacturers to bridge emerging deficiencies – these and other significant challenges have once again confirmed that distributors constitute an integral part of the product supply chain, and their significance is very high.
Defeating stroke
Authors:   RM Analytics, Prozherina Yuliya
Published: April 2021

Acute cerebrovascular accidents (ACVAs) rank among the leaders in the morbidity pattern of the adult population. The annual incidence of strokes per 1000 population in different countries around the world is 1.3 to 7.4 cases [1]. In addition, acute ischemic accidents (ischemic stroke, cerebral infarction) account for about 80% of all strokes in Russia [2]. The search for effective pharmacotherapy for such patients is one of the major challenges for modern medicine.
In combat against viruses
Authors:   Remedium, Shirokova Irina , Prozherina Yuliya ,   RM Analytics
Published: April 2021

The late 20th century and the early 21st century have been marked by the explosive development of virology due to activation of viral infections. New mutations of the influenza virus, high incidence of persistent virus infections in humans, as well as respiratory viral diseases that have not yet been eradicated has boosted further development of this direction [1].
Surfactant therapy in combination treatment of COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors:   Central Clinical Hospital of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Russia, Moscow, Gubaidullin Renat R. , Kuzin Aleksandr P. ,   Central Clinical Hospital of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Russia, Moscow, Kulakov Vladimir V. ,   Central Clinical Hospital of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Russia, Moscow
Published: April 2021

ntroduction. The COVID-19 pandemic caused an outbreak of viral lung infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome complicated with acute respiratory failure. Despite the fact that the pandemic has a lengthened run, none of the therapeutic approaches have proved to be sufficiently effective according to the evidence-based criteria. We consider the use of surfactant therapy in patients with severe viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as one of the possible methods for treating COVID-19 related pneumonia. Objective. To prove the clinical efficacy and safety of orally inhaled Surfactant-BL, an authorized drug, in the combination therapy of COVID-19 related ARDS. Materials and methods. A total of 38 patients with COVID-19 related severe pneumonia and ARDS were enrolled in the study. Of these, 20 patients received the standard therapy in accordance with the temporary guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, version 9. And 18 patients received the surfactant therapy in addition to the standard therapy. Surfactant-BL was used in accordance with the instructions on how to administer the drug for the indication – prevention of the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. A step-by-step approach to the build-up of the respiratory therapy aggressiveness was used to manage hypoxia. We used oxygen inhalation via a face mask with an oxygen inflow of 5–15 l/min, highflow oxygen therapy via nasal cannulas using Airvo 2 devices, non-invasive lung ventilation, invasive lung ventilation in accordance with the principles of protective mechanical ventilation. Results and discussion. Significant differences in the frequency of transfers to mechanical ventilation, mortality, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and hospitalization length of stay (p <0.05) were found between the groups. Patients receiving surfactant therapy who required a transfer to mechanical ventilation accounted for 22% of cases, and the mortality rate was 16%. In the group of patients receiving standard therapy without surfactant inhalation 45% were transferred to mechanical ventilation, and 35% died. For patients receiving surfactant therapy, the hospital stay was reduced by 20% on average, and ICU stay by 30%. Conclusion. The inclusion of surfactant therapy in the treatment of COVID-19 related severe pneumonia and ARDS can reduce the progression of respiratory failure, avoid the use of mechanical ventilation, shorten the ICU and hospitalization length of stay, and improve the survival rate of this patient cohort.
Global Pharma Market 2021 Trends
Authors:   RM Analytics, Prozherina Yuliya
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a transformative impact on all aspects of the pharmaceutical industry. In 2020, it forced all market players to take a new look at their usual activities, significantly improve the healthcare delivery methods and introduce innovations at an unprecedented pace [1]. This review presents the forecasts of analytical agencies regarding the development of the pharmaceutical market in 2021.
The Impact and Aftermath of Coronavirus on Southern African Development Community Consumers
Authors: Shailemo Josephine
Published: April 2021

This paper is all about the impact and aftermath of corona virus (COVID-19) on Southern African Development Community (SADC) consumers. Major impacts as well as aftermath of COVID-19 were criticized and analyzed thoroughly to give more clarity. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative research designs, and the study was a descriptive research of a survey kind of. The targeted population was SADC consumers. The sample size of 200 consumers was taken from Namibia and South Africa only among other SADC countries. Questionnaires were drafted distributed and handed to respondents. Primary data was collected by the means of interviews as well as structured questionnaires, while Secondary data was collected from journals and by the use of internet. Data were analyzed and finally presented in a form of tables and pie charts. The two hypotheses (Null and Alternative) testing were identified, which led to the explanation of the phenomena. The study concluded that coronavirus is still affecting SADC consumers but anyway it is a worldwide pandemic and therefore no one knows when it will end. It was difficult for one to determine the exact outcomes of the aftermath of corona virus as it was still skyrocketing.
Accuracy and Feasibility of Point of Care (POC) Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) in Nigeria: A Field Evaluation
Authors: Olusegun Busari
Published: April 2021

The timely commencement of treatment within the first 12 weeks of life in children reduces the HIV disease progression by 75% and mortality by 76%. For all children infected with HIV to receive essential treatment and care, few things are more important than early and accurate HIV diagnosis. Traditional methods of providing Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) have been bedeviled with several challenges. Point of Care (POC) testing for EID has been recommended as a game-changer. A field evaluation was conducted across 6 healthcare facilities between February 2017 and August 2018 to determine the accuracy and operational feasibility of POC testing for EID in Nigeria. The conceptual framework rides on the WHO SDI ASSURED criteria. Participants were infants aged between 4 weeks and 18 months born to HIV-positive mothers and visiting the clinic for the first time for EID. Results obtained from the POC was compared with the Standard of Care (SOC) to determine accuracy and feasibility. A total of 245 participants took part in the study, with 76% visiting the clinic for EID within 2 months of life. The average turnaround time for EID test using the SOC was 67 days. Analysis of the 10.4% error rate indicate significant correlation by personnel (r= 0.01122, P=0.841706). An average concordance percentage of 99.6%, sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 100.0% was observed. Operator’s assessment indicates that the equipment is very good and acceptable. The POC testing for EID is acceptable, rapid, and robust; hence, viable for use in Nigeria.
Breast Self-Examination: Knowledge and Practice Among Female Secondary School Students in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Akpo Morenike O.
Published: April 2021

Breast self-examination (BSE) is a preventive tool for early identification of breast changes and abnormalities. This study was aimed at assessing breast self-examination knowledge and practice among female secondary students in Delta State, Nigeria. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among female senior secondary school students from selected public schools in Delta State, Nigeria. This study utilized a self-administered 59-item validated questionnaire for data collection from 216 consenting female students who volunteered to take part in the study. The knowledge and practice of breast self-examination were measured on 33 and 18 points reference scales, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Frequency, mean, standard deviation and correlation analysis were reported. All statistical tests were at 5% level of significance. The mean age of the respondents was 15.5± 1.11 years. The mean score for knowledge of BSE was 5.8±3.8 while the mean score for BSE practice was 7.3±2.1. Correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between knowledge and practice of BSE (p=0.095, R= 0.114). The overall knowledge and practice of BSE was very poor. This calls for the need to improve breast self-examination advocacy among the adolescents; training and intervention programs to improve their knowledge as well as the regular practice of BSE.
USO E OCUPAÇÃO DAS TERRAS NA SUB-BACIA DO CÓRREGO DOS PONTÕES, NO MUNICÍPIO DE MIMOSO DO SUL, ESPÍRITO SANTO - BRASIL
Authors: Fiorese Caio Henrique Ungarato
Published: April 2021

Estudos de uso e ocupação da terra considerando bacias hidrográficas são de extrema relevância, pois são capazes de fornecer dados reais sobre a superfície, possibilitando diversas ações de melhorias ambientais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o uso e ocupação das terras na sub-bacia hidrográfica do Córrego dos Pontões, Estado do Espírito Santo, a fim de subsidiar melhorias em termos de conservação ambiental e planejamento humano. Os procedimentos foram auxiliados por Sistemas de Informações Geográficas. Foi delimitada a sub-bacia de interesse, a princípio. A partir das bases de dados geográficos consideradas, foram adquiridas feições de uso e ocupação para o Estado do Espírito Santo referentes a dois mapeamentos: (I) nos anos de 2007 a 2008 e (II) de 2012 2015. As feições foram editadas, permitindo a identificação, quantificação e o mapeamento das classes. Há predominância da cafeicultura, seguida pela pecuária, o que requer um correto planejamento e manejo em detrimento às técnicas tradicionais de manejo. A vegetação nativa, mesmo com pequeno aumento, representou baixos percentuais e esteve parcialmente fragmentada, sendo um fator ruim para a qualidade ambiental da sub-bacia. O eucalipto, mesmo com baixos percentuais, apresentou crescimento e a necessidade de uma correta ocupação para não interferir nas florestas nativas. Todavia, a presença da macega e sua disposição próxima a fragmentos nativos indica problemas no planejamento de uso e ocupação. A atuação de gestores públicos com produtores rurais para a recuperação ambiental desta sub-bacia é de extrema importância. Espera-se que este trabalho subsidie futuras pesquisas locais focadas na melhoria deste espaço geográfico.
Nuevas aportaciones a la flora vascular en el norte de la península ibérica
Authors: Llorente-Rodrigo Alfred , Cadiñanos-Aguirre José Antonio
Published: April 2021

Se citan varios taxones interesantes de la flora vascular del norte de la península ibérica, concretamente de las provincias vascas de Araba/Álava, Bizkaia y Gipuzkoa y de las comunidades de Navarra, Cantabria, Asturias, La Rioja y Castilla-León. Se mencionan 6 primeras citas provinciales, 17 taxones de flora amenazada o protegida, 6 especies orófitas que presentan cierto efecto pedinótico y 12 especies alóctonas en los citados territorios. También se indican 2 primeras citas para la margen derecha vizcaína y 3 primeras citas para la franja oriental cántabra, además de otras citas provinciales relevantes por su rareza. Asimismo, se incluyen algunas especies más comunes cuyo interés radica en determinados aspectos biogeográficos (e.g. rebajan la altitud mínima conocida, dan continuidad geográfica en zonas donde no estaban citadas, se presentan en un hábitat peculiar no habitual).
Dialog sędziego z biegłym w kanonicznym procesie małżeńskim
Authors: Rozkrut Tomasz
Published: April 2021

Il testo spiega il ruolo del perito nel processo canonico, in modo specifico nelle cause di nullità di matrimonio per difetto di consenso e il suo rapporto con il giudice, tenendo conto della distinzione dei rispettivi ruoli. Il perito ha il compito di illuminare il giudice circa la natura e la gravità della malattia o anomalia del coniuge di cui si tratta. Egli deve fornire al giudice le conseguenze concrete dello stato psichico del soggetto. La prova peritale è tutta in funzione di illuminare il giudice per consolidare i mezzi di prova già acquisiti e pervenire alla certezza morale.
Dyspensa od celibatu prezbiterów i diakonów
Authors: Kiwior Wiesław
Published: April 2021

L’analisi dell’attuale normativa canonica riguardante la dispensa dal celibato dei presbiteri e dei diaconi dimostra che la concessione della grazia – soprattutto nel caso dei presbiteri – viene preceduta dagli sforzi dei competenti superiori ecclesiastici per offrire un adeguato aiuto all’oratore nel superamento di una crisi e nel ritorno al servizio ministeriale, da una attenta ricerca della verità riguardante le circostanze essenziali della ricezione dell’ordine (l’istruzione della causa) e da un attento esame di ogni caso alla luce delle attuali norme di diritto sostantivo e di quello formale (il procedimento nella Congregazione per il Clero). I rescritti rilasciati in questa materia indicano delle ferite dolorose nella comunità della Chiesa, un serio e complesso problema nella Chiesa universale e nelle Chiese particolari, ma allo stesso tempo esprimono la sollecitudine pastorale del Romano Pontefice per il bene spirituale degli oratori e dei loro familiari, e permettono di formulare delle indicazioni nel campo del discernimento vocazionale al sacerdozio, della formazione dei candidati agli ordini sacri, della formazione permanente dei presbiteri e dei diaconi ed anche della capacità di risolvere i propri problemi esistenziali. Le norme che regolano oggi la questione della dispensa dal celibato dei sacerdoti e dei diaconi nella Chiesa cattolica latina sono disperse in vari documenti. Sarebbe molto opportuno, e soprattutto molto utile agli ordinari, di elaborare un testo unitario che prenda anche in considerazione dei dubbi che attualmente sorgono nella prassi amministrativa riguardante la dispensa dal celibato dei presbiteri.
Przestępstwa przeciwko Najświętszej Eucharystii : komentarz do art. 2 "Norm" Kongregacji Nauki Wiary "De gravioribus delictis" z 2001 r.
Authors: Skonieczny Piotr
Published: April 2021

L’Articolo offre un commento esegetico riguardo ai disposti dell’art. 2 delle Norme della Congregazione per la Dottrina della fede De gravioribus delictis del 2001. L’Autore tratta diversi problemi particolari. Alcuni, in occasione dell’attentata azione liturgica del sacrificio eucaristico o la simulazione della medesima (art. 2 § 1, 2°): la sistemazione sbagliata (i due diversi tipi dei delitti – l’attentatio e la simulatio – nella stessa prescrizione); l’azione delle donne (il problema nel C.I.C. con la descrizione del delitto con i molti disposti); i „concelebranti” dell’attentato come i coautori (il concorso accidentale: il can. 1329 § 2 C.I.C. non può essere il titolo della loro responsabilità penale); „l’identificazione del momento della commissione del reato” (secondo l’Autore: qualsiasi azione liturgica della Santa Messa e non solo dopo la consacrazione; eppure questo è una richiesta de lege ferenda). Il reato della simulazione del sacrificio eucaristico può essere commesso soltanto da un sacerdote; finora questo peccato non era punibile. De lege ferenda bisogna avanzare la richiesta di cambiamento del can. 1044 § 1, 3° C.I.C.; esso deve riguardare anche il delitto di simulazione. I problemi scelti della concelebrazione vietata del sacrificio eucaristico assieme a ministri di comunità ecclesiali, che non hanno la successione apostolica ne riconoscono la dignità sacramentale dell’ordinazione sacerdotale (art. 2 § 1, 3°): la formulazione errata del disposto (la soggettivazione dell’elemento nec agnoscunt ordinationis sacerdotalis sacramentalem dignitatem, che è stato relattivizzato dal ministro acattolico!); una proposta della correzione de lege ferenda: una cum ministris communitatum ecclesialium, qui successionem apostolicam non habent aut quorum communitates ecclesiales non agnoscunt ordinationis sacerdotalis sacramentalem dignitatem. Comunque le Norme del 2001 appaiono come un „Rinascimento” del diritto penale nella Chiesa.
Kompetentne i sprawnie działające trybunały kościelne : rzeczywistość czy pobożne życzenie? : możliwości, perspektywy oraz konieczność zmian po słowach Benedykta XVI do Sygnatury Apostolskiej w 2011 r.
Authors: Nowakowski Bartosz
Published: April 2021

Benedetto XVI, in occasione della prima plenaria organizzata dalla Segnatura Apostolica doppo la promulgazione della Lex propria (21 gennaio 2008) ha ricevuto nell’udienza i membri sudetto dicasterio. Nel suo discorso il Papa ha richiamato l’attenzione di preparazione della legge, che si avvertì l’esigenza di un incontro periodico da dedicare alla promozione di una retta amministrazione della giustizia nel corpo Ecclesiale. Si tratta di un lavoro faticoso, destinato a ricostruire giuste e ordinate relazioni tra i fedeli a tra loro e l’autorità ecclesiastica. La giustizia che la Chiesa presegue – ha sottolineato il Pontefice – può essere considerata esigenza minima e insieme aspettativa di carità.
The canonical delicts liable to penal sanctions reserved to the Apostolic See
Authors: BOREK DARIUSZ
Published: April 2021

The article titled The Canonical Delicts Liable to Penal Sanctions Reserved to the Apostolic See analyses the consecutive offences under the penalty of latae sententiae excommunication the remission of which is reserved to the Apostolic See. According to the currently applicable canon law, there are only six delicts liable to latae sententiae excommunication the exemption form which is reserved to the Apostolic See. They are: profanation of consecrated species; physical assault upon the Roman Pontiff; absolution of an accomplice in a sin against the sixth commandment of the Decalogue; consecration of a bishop without a pontifical mandate; direct violation of sacramental seal; an attempt to ordain a woman to the priesthood. The knowledge of essential features of these offences seem particularly important in re-examining the case and resolving whether the penalty of excommunication, reserved to the Apostolic See, has actually been incurred.
El concordato entre la Santa Sede y el gobierno de Polonia de 1925 como fuente de los proyectos de concordato entre Chile y la Santa Sede de 1928
Authors: SALINAS ARANEDA CARLOS
Published: April 2021

Con ocasión de la separación entre la Iglesia y el Estado en Chile, regulada en la Constitución Política de 1925, hubo conversaciones tendientes a la celebración de un concordato entre el Estado de Chile y la Santa Sede sin que se conocieran proyectos concretos con esa finalidad. La apertura del Archivo Secreto Vaticano en lo referido a los fondos del pontificado del Pío XI ha permitido conocer los borradores que se redactaron en 1928 por el gobierno de Chile con la finalidad de llegar a un acuerdo internacional de esa naturaleza. En la redacción de los mismos se usaron como modelos los cocordatos que, poco antes, había celebrado la Santa Sede con Lituania (1927) y Polonia (1925), siendo numerosas las disposiciones de los proyectos chilenos que siguen de cerca las normas del concordato polaco. Se presentan los proyectos chilenos de concordato elaborados en 1928 y se analiza el influjo que en sus artículos ejerció el concordato con Polonia de 1925.
I rapporti "Stato Italiano- Chiesa Cattolica" nei patti lateranensi del 1929: riflessioni storico-giuridiche
Authors: NACCI MATTEO
Published: April 2021

Il presente lavoro, frutto di una conferenza tenuta presso l’Istituto Cattolico di Tolosa (Francia), intende prendere in considerazione le relazioni fra il Governo italiano e la Santa Sede, in prospettiva storico-giuridica, per la strutturazione dei Patti Lateranensi del 1929. In modo particolare, attraverso l’esame della cosiddetta fase della “preconcilazione” e le differenti posizioni giuridico-politiche intorno ai Patti del 1929. Lo scopo del contributo è quello di evidenziare l’imprescindibile valore di “cultura giuridica” che deve essere assegnato a questo peculiare trattato internazionale. Il presente lavoro, frutto di una conferenza tenuta presso l’Istituto Cattolico di Tolosa (Francia), intende prendere in considerazione le relazioni fra il Governo italiano e la Santa Sede, in prospettiva storico-giuridica, per la strutturazione dei Patti Lateranensi del 1929. In modo particolare, attraverso l’esame della cosiddetta fase della “preconcilazione” e le differenti posizioni giuridico-politiche intorno ai Patti del 1929. Lo scopo del contributo è quello di evidenziare l’imprescindibile valore di “cultura giuridica” che deve essere assegnato a questo peculiare trattato internazionale.
Application of Bacterial Nanocellulose in Cancer Drug Delivery: A Review
Authors: Shahriari-Khalaji Mina , Zarkesh Maryam , Nozhat Zahra
Published: April 2021

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is one of the natural biopolymers with unique features, such as nontoxicity,
biocompatibility, high tensile profile, nanofiber structure, and purity. The current review aimed to summarize
the latest development in BNC-based biomaterials in cancer drug delivery. The original articles were
found by searching key databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Scientific and using key terms such
as “bacterial nanocellulose OR bacterial cellulose OR BNC” AND “cancer OR carcinoma OR tumor”. The obtained
data were in a wide timeframe and the English language. Totally, 350 articles were found from the three
main databases (i.e., 106, 251, and 173 articles from PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Science, respectively).
In general, 32 articles met the inclusion criteria after duplicate removal and screening according to the aim of
the study. In this review study, different applications of the BNC were considered for cancer drug delivery in
addition to describing advanced methods that may be applied to improve therapeutic potency while reducing
the adverse effects of chemodrugs by decreasing their dosages. The high ratio of the surface area-to-volume
and easy modifications of their chemical components lead to BNC potential use as an appropriate matrix structure
for the binding and controlled release of various pharmaceutical agents, specifically for topical or transdermal
administrations. In addition, BNC-based products regulate the release of hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds,
thus providing appropriate materials related to cancer drug delivery. However, undoubtedly, further developments
of BNC-based products as cancer drug delivery systems require more extensive investigations.
Role of ATP-binding Cassette Transporters in Sorafenib Therapy for Hepatocellular
Carcinoma: An Overview
Authors: Estevinho Maria Manuela , Fernandes Carlos , Silva João Carlos , Gomes Ana Catarina , Afecto Edgar , Correia João , Carvalho João
Published: April 2021

Background:

Molecular therapy with sorafenib remains the mainstay for advancedstage
hepatocellular carcinoma. Notwithstanding, treatment efficacy is low, with few patients obtaining
long-lasting benefits due to the high chemoresistance rate.

Objective:

To perform, for the first time, an overview of the literature concerning the role of adenosine
triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in sorafenib therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods:

Three online databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched, from inception
to October 2020. Study selection, analysis, and data collection were independently performed
by two authors.

Results:

The search yielded 224 results; 29 were selected for inclusion. Most studies were pre-clinical,
using HCC cell lines; three used human samples. Studies highlight the effect of sorafenib in decreasing
ABC transporters expression. Conversely, it is described the role of ABC transporters, particularly
multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR-1), multidrug resistance-associated proteins 1 and 2
(MRP-1 and MRP-2) and ABC subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) in sorafenib pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics, being key resistance factors. Combination therapy with naturally available
or synthetic compounds that modulate ABC transporters may revert sorafenib resistance by increasing
absorption and intracellular concentration.

Conclusion:

A deeper understanding of ABC transporters’ mechanisms may provide guidance for
developing innovative approaches for hepatocellular carcinoma. Further studies are warranted to
translate the current knowledge into practice and paving the way to individualized therapy.
A Therapeutic Journey of Potential Drugs Against COVID-19
Authors: Ali Fayaz , Zhu Yi Z. , Hussain Shahid
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus disease (CoVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) scrambles the world by infecting millions of peoples all over the globe. It has caused tremendous morbidity, mortality and greatly impacted the lives and economy worldwide as an outcome of mandatory quarantines or isolations. Despite the worsening trends of COVID-19, no drugs are validated to have significant efficacy in the clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients in large-scale studies. Physicians and researchers throughout the world are working to understand the pathophysiology to expose the conceivable handling regimens and to determine the effective vaccines and/or therapeutic agents. Some of them re-purposed drugs for clinical trials which were primarily known to be effective against the RNA viruses including MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-1. In the absence of a proven efficacy therapy, the current management use therapies based on antivirals, anti-inflammatory drugs, convalescent plasma, anti-parasitic agents in both oral and parenteral formulation, oxygen therapy, and heparin support. What is needed at this hour, however, is a definitive drug therapy or vaccine. Different countries are rushing to find this, and various trials are already underway. We aimed to summarize the potential therapeutic strategies as treatment options for COVID-19 that could be helpful to stop further spread of SARS-CoV-2 by affecting its structural components or modulation of immune response and discuss the leading drugs/vaccines, which are considered as potential agents for controlling this pandemic.
Composite Materials Based on Metal-Organic Frameworks Designed for
Sensors
Authors: Li Mingmin , An Changhua , Wang Tie
Published: April 2021

Background:

Integrating metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with other functional materials
to form MOF-composites has attracted great attention. Their diverse and synergetic performance
(e.g., mechanical stability, conductivity, optical signal and catalytic activity) facilitates their
applications in sensing of various target molecules.

Methods:

Up to now, a wide range of MOF-composites have been designed and synthesized. The
choice of appropriate parent materials, as well as their combination strategy, is of great importance
for their performance. Prior to the design of MOF-composites for certain sensing applications, it is
necessary to evaluate the advantages of the composites compared to the pristine MOFs and other
functional materials.

Results:

In this review, an overview of the significant advances in the development of diverse
MOF-composites is presented, with special emphasis on the synergistic effects in sensing (e.g.,
optical, electrochemical and biological) applications of the composites. Additionally, the challenges
and future prospects of MOF-composites as an innovative sensing platform have been discussed to
seek further development in this emerging research area.

Conclusion:

MOF-composites show great potential in sensing applications. Further efforts are still
urgently required to advance their applications in point-of-care (POC) detection and in vitro diagnosis
(IVD).
Practice of Regional Anesthesia and Its Associated Factors among Anesthesia Professionals Working in Teaching Referral Hospitals of Ethiopia; A Multi-center Study
Authors: Habtu Elias , Nigatu Mamo , Ayele Yemane , Tila Mebratu , Demissie Wondu R.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Regional Anesthesia (RA) provides site-specific, complete pain relief, early mobilization, and rehabilitation; and it is preferred than general anesthesia due to associated risks in the later technique. It also ensures prolonged analgesia while reducing the need for systemic drugs with their side effects. Despite these advantages, the techniques have not been embraced as alternatives to general anesthesia in Ethiopia.

Objective:

The study aimed to assess the magnitude of regional anesthesia practice and its associated factors among Anesthesia Care Providers (ACPs) working in Ethiopian teaching referral hospitals, 2019.

Materials and Methods:

Multi-center-based crossectional study was conducted among all ACPs working in three institutions (Jimma Medical Center, Black Lion hospital and Wolaita Sodo teaching referral hospital) which were randomly selected among six government teaching referral hospitals running postgraduate anesthesia programs; from August 1-September 1, 2019. The practice of RA was considered significant if the participants performed >5 types of RA, assuming as minimum representation (30%) of all types of RA. Data were entered into Epidata manager version 4.3 and exported to SPSS version 22 for further analysis. Logistic regression was applied to determine predictors of RA practice. Adjusted odds ratio and 95% CI interval were used to measure the association and P-value <0.05 was declared as statistically significant.

Results:

Out of 143 participants, a total of 130 anesthesia professionals participated in the study, making the response rate of 90% . The mean age was 30.77±7.049 years that ranges from 22-56 years. Majority of the respondents were males, 88(67.7%). About 59.2% of ACPs practiced RA. The most performed types of RA were spinal anesthesia (98.5%), caudal anesthesia (72.3%) and axillary block (69.2%), while sub gluteal sciatic block and IV RA were the least practiced types of RA (8.5% each). Finally, two variables (years of experience (1-5 years) and academic qualification (above MSc)) were identified as the independent predictors of RA practice among ACPs with AOR of 6(1.7-21.6), p-v =0.005 and 10.4(1.9-56.9), p-v =0.007 respectively.

Conclusion:

In a nutshell, the practice of RA in teaching government hospitals of Ethiopia was relatively low despite some RA types like SA were almost practiced well. Thus, ACPs were expected to practice all types of RA than routinely abusing GA for patient safety and welfare in all dimensions.