bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respiratory emergency simulation teaching (REST) in a multidisciplinary team (MDT)
Authors: Elrick Andrew , Carnall Lia , Gonzalez Raquel , Camfield Laura , Thompson Fiona
Published: November 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic our respiratory high dependency unit (RHDU) increased bed capacity by 200%, recruited new staff to provide high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support, and was relocated within the hospital. This created the need to upskill new staff to provide level 2 care to sick patients in a new environment [1]. We aimed to provide training to nurses, healthcare assistants (HCA), and junior doctors on RHDU via a multidisciplinary (MDT) simulation programmed to manage deteriorating respiratory patients. We also aimed to identify gaps in learning, policy, and procedures due to the relocation of RHDU.

The pilot included 22 sessions of in-situ simulation, run weekly by a core faculty including a respiratory consultant, ward sister, senior HCA, and clinical educator. All scenarios focused on MDT working with effective assessments and handovers.

All staff members on the ward wore the same scrubs making it challenging to identify the job role or seniority of staff, and this was noticeable during the simulations. Coloured lanyards identifying job role were purchased and are now worn by all RHDU staff. An anaphylaxis simulation identified a time delay in finding the key to access emergency medication. A key safe has been purchased by the ward to house this key, ensuring it is always available in an emergency. The themes identified were: an increase in the confidence, competence, and knowledge of the MDT in recognising, responding, and treating medical emergencies. It also developed the working relationships between MDT members by highlighting the skill set of different professions, allowing for an exchange of knowledge across all working levels.

Simulation is an excellent resource in problem solving and teaching. It provides a safe place to practise new skills and breaks down the barriers to effective communication within the MDT by creating a cohesive learning environment. Simulation must be an ongoing development for staff to ensure that skills are honed resulting in the best outcomes for our patients in an acute emergency. A monthly training programme has been developed consisting of four hours of simulation-based training using different levels of fidelity. We will continue to employ the use of MDT working to reflect real life working conditions based on the success of this pilot.

1. Almomani E, Sullivan J, Hajjieh M, Leighton K. Simulation-based education programme for upskilling non-critical care nurses for COVID-19 deployment. BMJ Simulation & Technology Enhanced Learning. 2020;7(5): 319–322.
Mental health assessment – a 360° student experience
Authors: Snowden Jasmine
Published: November 2022

We have been developing 360° simulated practice videos for healthcare science students. The students who have taken part in the filming and watched the videos provided feedback on whether this would benefit their learning. We are doing this to continue to strive forward with innovations in virtual learning in line with Health Education England [1]. The simulation-based videos have been created to add to the healthcare sciences units to aid in ‘real-life’ teaching styles, to help build confidence and resilience in healthcare students, and to provide multidisciplinary, patient-focused scenarios that can be included in assessments [2].

First and third-year paramedic students took part in mass casualty scenarios filmed at our student’s union building. They worked with Critical Care Practitioners, Academics, Nurses in practice, and the National Ambulance Resilience Unit to create handover videos involving assessing casualties to create videos for other healthcare professionals. Follow-up videos were then filmed on the 360° cameras in the simulation suites to represent an accident and emergency environment as this is where mental health crisis assessments can take place. The adult psychosis presentation was filmed and shows ‘psychiatric liaison nurses’ played by second-year MSc and BSc mental health students assessing the person with suspected psychosis and making clinical decisions. The scenario mental state examination and the case study were scripted. Students could view the 360° videos using virtual reality headsets such as the Oculus Rift [3]. The student feedback evaluation data was collected via an online survey and focus group discussions (FGDs).

A survey was completed with n=30 students across all fields of nursing students and paramedic students. The student FGD evaluations were very positive about alternative simulated learning styles with one student quoting ‘It will make an assessment of mental health patients a lot easier for students using appropriate tools and models’.

Students found that simulation-based learning experience is an excellent addition to traditional learning approaches as it met the requirements for different learning styles. This research project brought together academics and practitioners from across practice and university. Future work should build on these resources based on feedback from students and service users.

1. National Health Service/Health Education England. 2020. A national vision for the role of simulation and immersive technologies in health and care.

2. ASPiH/HEE. 2016. Simulation-based Education in Healthcare Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare (aspih.org.uk) [Accessed on 17/06/2022]

3. Topal review: NHS. 2019. Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future.
Effects of Psidium guajava ethanolic leaf extract on epidermal wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats
Authors: Adeleye Olushola , Enikuomehin James , Ajibola Eyitayo , Adekoya Oluwatodimu , Adeleye Adenike , Oguntoye Cecilia
Published: November 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) occurrence is increasing. Canine DM is multifactorial and global prevalence is 0.005 to 1.5% affecting both sexes between 4-14 years old. Diabetic foot ulcer is a complication of DM impairing wound healing. Psidium guajava (PG) is a food and medicinal plant containing quercetin (a potent antioxidant) in its leaf and used in locally to manage DM. Effects of ethanolic extract of PG leaves on in vivo animal diabetic models have not been investigated indeptly with little documented information on the effect of PG extract on wound management in diabetics. This study evaluated the beneficial role of PG ethanolic leaf extract (PGELE) in an experimental model of diabetes-related wound healing disorders.
Ethanolic extracts were prepared from PG leaves. Thirty male Wistar rats (190-205 g) were separated into 6 groups (n = 5) and treated for 2 weeks. Group I (control), II (streptozotocin 60 mg/kg once), III & IV (streptozotocin 60 mg/kg once, PGELE (125 & 250 mg/kg rat/day) per os), V (streptozotocin 60 mg/kg once, glibenclamide 5 mg/kg b.w) and VI (PGELE 250 mg/kg orally). Plasma glucose was determined by glucometer. 10 x 10 mm wounds were made under anaesthesia. Full blood count was done by microscopy. Data were analysed using ANOVA at α0.05.
Glucose concentration was significantly higher in II (583 ± 4.16 mg/dL) compared to others. Wound contraction rates were significantly slower in II (41 ± 0.23 %) compared to others. There was no difference in haematology. PGELE improved wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats.
Institutional and Structural Isolationism Within and Among Land-Grant Universities: Chronic Maladies Impacting Community Engagement That Demand Long Overdue Remedies of Relief
Authors: Gavazzi Stephen M.
Published: November 2022

In this essay, the author provides a summative reflection on the articles included in this special issue of the Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship.
PRODUZINDO LADRILHOS HIDRÁULICOS: CONEXÕES E EXPERIMENTAÇÕES EM PERNAMBUCO E NA BAHIA
Authors: Vasconcelos Camila Brito , Silva Maria das Graças Rodrigues da
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta experimentações na fabricação de Ladrilho Hidráulico nos estados brasileiros de Pernambuco e Bahia. Os quatro experimentos apresentados ampliam as possibilidades produtivas desse artefato, utilizando meios tecnológicos e artesanais. Os resultados apresentam a estrtura utilizada em cada experimento, detalhando o procedimento e suas diferenças. Por fim, os experimentos desenvolvidos em diferentes cidades são comparadas e apontados os possíveis desdobramentos. Também é ressaltada a importância de manter a técnica e a produção ativas para a continuidade deste artefato, ainda que adaptando os modos de fazer às tecnologias disponíveis.
About Hop Cones for a Golden Brew
Authors: Jurášek Michal , Rybka Adolf , Opletal Lubomír , Drašar Pavel
Published: November 2022

As a component of drinks, food, cosmetics, and spice, hops yields a plethora of biologically active compounds. This plant, which was valued by gods and kings through the history, may serve as a basis for pharmaceutical exploitation: not only as a healthy folk medicine but also in a search for the effective sedative, estrogenic, antimicro­bial, antidiabetic, and cancerostatic compounds.

Full text English translation is available in the on-line version.
Safety Risk and its Impact to the Risk Management System in the Construction Industry at National Capital Region Philippines
Authors: Joble Jhonmonawel C , Briones Jesus P.
Published: November 2022

This descriptive-quantitative type of study identified how safety risks impact the risk management system of the construction industry in the National Capital Region, Philippines. A researcher-structured survey questionnaire was made to gather the needed data for this study and was distributed to different construction sites' key personnel like the project in-charge, project manager, and safety officer with either the use of Google form or by the conventional method which is a printed questionnaire directly distributed to the project sites. The collected data were analyzed utilizing frequency, percentage, weighted mean, standard deviation, and T-test. The findings indicated that the key personnel were familiar with the existing rules and laws in terms of construction safety that are being implemented in the country, however there are some common safety practices which were not properly implemented. It was also found that the rewards system will help improve the company’s safety implementation even with less supervision. The study also found out that mitigating safety risks in the construction sites is still an area of concern in the project risk management system. Since there were still some lapses in implementing safety protocols, the main goal of a risk management system which is to minimize the risks cannot be attained until safety protocols are properly implemented in every project site. To control and mitigate safety risks in the workplace, a comprehensive risk management plan which contains different levels of safety controls should be developed and implemented.
The Impact of Natural Disasters on Small Businesses
Authors: Funderburk Brianna , Misera Lucas J.
Published: November 2022

The 2021 Small Business Credit Survey (SBCS) found that 1 in 10 small employer businesses suffered losses from a natural disaster during the prior 12 months. According to the National Centers for Environmental Information, the United States experienced 20 billion-dollar natural disasters in 2021, making it one of the costliest years in recent history. Major events included Hurricane Ida, the historic cold wave in Texas and other southern states, and the destructive wildfire season in the West. To more deeply explore the impact of these and other natural disasters on small businesses, the SBCS includes a module of natural disaster-related questions for affected firms. This fact sheet outlines some of the major findings from the 2021 SBCS for employer firms with respect to natural disaster impact.
El proceso de realización de Cucaracha
Authors: Ayala Lucarelli Exequiel , Deon Matías , Touriño Agustín
Published: November 2022

El texto aborda el proceso creativo de Cucaracha, un cortometraje de ficción realizado con la técnica de stop-motion. El escrito hace foco en los aspectos visuales y sonoros de la producción del film y se propone dar cuenta del carácter no lineal, dialéctico y espiralado del proceso de creación de un objeto artístico. Para ello describe y traza relaciones entre las distintas decisiones formales que el equipo de trabajo fue tomando a lo largo del proceso de producción. Decisiones que muchas veces no siguen un orden lógico en el tiempo, sino que se toman de manera arbitraria para encontrar su justificación en etapas posteriores.
Datos editoriales Nro 10
Authors: Siragusa Cristina-Andrea
Published: November 2022

Información y equipo editorial de Revista Toma Uno, número 10, (2022): "La animación como fenómeno artístico, cultural, social y comunicacional".
A Qualitative Investigation of Customers' Preferences for Ayurvedic Beauty Products over Cosmetic Products
Authors: Pallathadka Laxmi Kirana , Pallathadka Harikumar , Devi Mairembam Sangita
Published: November 2022

Today, everyone is keen on showing their actual appearance as excellence. Also, they like to defend themselves from wellbeing risks by utilizing different restorative things. The explanation is that many organizations are fabricating both synthetic and ayurvedic-based restorative items. At first, natural items have a low market. Then, at that point, the acknowledgment of natural items is expanding in India and global business sectors. Moreover, this was occurred after understanding the side eﬀects of synthetic-based restorative items. In this unique circumstance, the analysts have chosen to direct the ﬁeld study identifying with customer mindfulness and inclinations towards ayurvedic restorative items in Coimbatore city. To work on the nature of the exploration, the scientists have chosen to think about the mindfulness and inclinations of customers towards ayurvedic and non-ayurvedic restorative items. The measurable devices like the chi-square test and rank examination are utilized to ﬁnd the signiﬁcant relationship between close-to-home elements of respondents and different parts of the items.
A Review of Marriage Rituals in Different Cultures
Authors: Pallathadka Laxmi Kirana , Pallathadka Harikumar , Devi Mairembam Sangita
Published: November 2022

Together with ceremonies bordering marriage relationship links in great deals of societies, the regimens are mainly affixed with fecundity and confirm the value of marital relationship links for the Extension of a clan, people, or society. Additionally, they demand domestic or regular acceptance of the shared viewpoint and an awareness of the challenges and sacrifices associated with what is often considered a long-term commitment that is also accountable for the partner's and children's health. Today's moment research study tries to check out the marital relationship cooperation, setups, and design in India, benefiting from the details since India Human Development Survey II (2011-12) and the inspection in India. The findings indicate that between 1960 and 2011, the stage at which men and women enter a married relationship increased by three to five years, respectively. The bivariate inquiry exposes that 2-3rd of females in our country saw spouses on the marital relationship or the time of Gauna. Just Five percent have selected partners individually. The regularity of inter-caste marital relationship links is perceived to be 5.4 percent throughout the nation. The multivariate query results advise that socio-economic causes impact wedding events external the caste and family relationships. The result demonstrates a review of marriage rituals in different cultures.
An Empirical Study of Small Retail Investors in India on Investors' Perception of Investing in the Stock Market
Authors: Pallathadka Harikumar , Pallathadka Laxmi Kirana , Devi Takhelchangbam Brajeshwari , Devi Shoraisam Kiranbhala , Singh Shoraisam Kiran
Published: November 2022

The perception of investors depends on the different behavioral traits. The stock market seems to be an exciting and exciting platform for investors to perform their investment activities (frydrych et al., 2014). The market has continuously grown over time in these years. However, investors are sometimes skeptical about investing because of the uncertainties and risks associated with the stock market. After going through many hurdles, the money earned over a long time is meant to be safe and risk-free. Therefore, the investors feel the risk in the stock market is high and fear investing in platforms like these. Awareness of the stock market is also essential for investing in suitable firms. There must be a fair understanding of the return on investments (roi) before investing a large sum of money into the firms (farris et al., 2015). As this is a hot topic among businesses, the study of the behavior of small investors concerning the stock market must be carried out to understand their perspective. Financial behavior is an important concept to understand if one wishes to analyze the perception of individual investors. It has been observed that some of the investors are dependent on self-made decisions while investing, whereas some are made aware by the different financial seminars or workshops. Therefore, this paper deals with empirical findings to establish a more profound understanding of the behavior of investors following the stock market. A sample of 117 small retail investors was surveyed through a structured questionnaire to know their perception of investing in the stock market and its impact on the investment process in India. The study concludes that there is a significant impact on investors' perception of investing in the stock market.
Biconservative Lorentz Hypersurfaces with at Least Three Principal Curvatures
Authors: PASHAIE FIROOZ
Published: November 2022

Biconservative submanifolds, with important role in mathematical physics and differential geometry, arise as the conservative stress-energy tensor associated to the variational problem of biharmonic submanifolds. Many examples of biconservative hypersurfaces have constant mean curvature. A famous conjecture of Bang-Yen Chen on Euclidean spaces says that everybiharmonic submanifold has null mean curvature. Inspired by Chen conjecture, we study biconservative Lorentz submanifolds of the Minkowski spaces. Although the conjecture has not been generally confirmed, it has been proven in many cases, and this has led to its spread to various types of submenifolds. As an extension, we consider a advanced version of the conjecture (namely, $L_1$-conjecture) on Lorentz hypersurfaces of the pseudo-Euclidean space $\mathbb{M}^5 :=\mathbb{E}^5_1$ (i.e. the Minkowski 5-space). We show every $L_1$-biconservative Lorentz hypersurface of $\mathbb{M}^5$ with constant mean curvature and at least three principal curvatures has constant second mean curvature.
An Analytical Formula for 1s 2s2p 3s3p3d Energy Shifts of Finite-Size Nuclei due to Fluctuating Vacuum Fields
Authors: Adamu Aliyu , Ngadda Y. H.
Published: November 2022

In quantum electrodynamics, the vacuum is not empty but has fluctuating fields which cause an orbiting lepton (electron or muon) to deviate from its quantum orbit and as a result, weaken its coupling with the nucleus, thus causing small changes in lepton energy states. Therefore, in this study, the quantum electrodynamics theory is then applied to determine qualitatively the mean square positions of an oscillating lepton by taking into account the vacuum fields and nuclear size effects. The first-order time-independent perturbation theory as an approximation method is applied to solve for the small changes in the nuclear lepton interaction caused by the two effects. The general expression that can be applied to calculate the changes in lepton energy states is deduced and then applied to calculate numerically these effects on the energy states of single-electron and single muonic atoms. The results showed the dependence of these effects on the principal quantum number n, the orbital quantum number l, the azimuthal quantum number m and the proton number Z. A more significant effect on s (l = 0) states of the large atomic nucleus and muonic atoms is observed. The obtained energy level corrections can be considered as additional energy level corrections that have to be investigated for reanalyzing the existing measured nuclear structure effects and for comparison with future spectroscopic investigations. Moreover, the new proposed formula would be suitable for calculating the energy level corrections in both muonic and electronic atoms caused by the fluctuating vacuum fields.
PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL DENGAN KEJADIAN FLOUR ALBUS PATOLOGIS DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS TINGGEDE
Authors: Retnaningtyas Erma , Ningsih Sri Utami
Published: November 2022

Fluor albus adalah cairan yang dikeluarkan dari alat genital wanita dan dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu keputihan fisiologis dan patologis. Keputihan Patologis pada ibu hamil jika tidak segera ditanggani dapat  menyebabkan Radang panggul rahkan kemandulan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Fluor Albus Patologis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi semua Ibu Hamil Di Wilayah Puskesmas Tinggede sebanyak 35 ibu hamil. Pengambilan dengan Teknik Accidental Sampling dengan besar sampel 30 ibu hamil. Variabel Independen Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil dan Variabel Dependen Kejadian Fluor Albus Patologis. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan Kuesioner. Hasilnya dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square Test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hampir seluruh ibu hamil memiliki Pengetahuan Baik tentang Flour Albus sebanyak 23 (77%). Kejadian Fluor Albus Patologis didapatkan hampir seluruh ibu hamil Tidak Terjadi Flour Albous Patologis sebanyak 26 (87%) responden. Hasil analisa data menunjukan signifikansi 0,000 < α = 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Ada Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Fluor Albus Patologis Di Wilayah Puskesmas Tinggede Sulawesi Tengah. Semakin buruk personal hygiene ibu hamil, maka keputihan yang dialaminya semakin besar bersifat patologis untuk itu ibu hamil harus selalu melakukan personal Higiene.
Potensi Ubi Jalar Ungu dan Kuning (Ipomoea batatas) Sebagai Terapi Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah
Authors: Pradana Muhammad Sungging , Musdholifa Musdholifa , Wargianti Wargianti
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study was to measure the potential of purple sweet potato and yellow sweet potato (lpomoea batatas) juice in reducing blood sugar levels in mice strain BALB/c (Mus musculus) conditioned by hyperglycemia. This study was required 30 mice and divided into 3 groups placed in cages. Each groups consisted of 10 female mice (Mus musculus) weighing 25-30 g and 2.5 months. The results showed that there were differences in the value of blood sugar levels in mice. The group of normal mice, blood sugar levels did not increase or decrease, the group of mice with dextrose treatment had an increase in blood sugar values, the group of mice with dextrose treatment and sweet potato therapy had a decrease in blood sugar values. The results of statistical calculations obtained a significance value of 0.00 which means that the value of blood sugar levels has a significant difference after administration of purple sweet potato and yellow sweet potato juice. The conclusion of this study that purple and yellow sweet potatoes juice (lpomoea batatas) could lower blood sugar levels in mice (Mus musculus) which were previously hyperglicemia conditioned, so it could be continued as candidates to be tested in further research purple and yellow sweet potatoes can be candidats for blood sugar lowering foods.
Faktor Risiko Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Infeksi Luka Operasi (ILO) Pasca Operasi Lumbal Pada Bedah Ortopedi
Authors: Prabu Aji Sulistyani , Ediyono Suryo
Published: November 2022

Surgical wound infection (ILO) is one of the most common nosocomial infections that occur after surgery. One of the important roles in efforts to reduce the ILO is to prevent the occurrence of risk factors. This research design uses Systematic Review with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). One of the conclusions obtained is that the risk factors for post-operative wound infection orthopedic surgery are patient and environmental factors.
In Memory of Caroline Pauwels: Pioneer and Mentor of European Media Policy Research
Authors: Crusafon Carmina , Llorens Carles
Published: November 2022

Caroline Pauwels was one of the pioneers of communication and media policy research and a leading expert in her field. She was a professor at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) in Belgium and a mentor to many scholars interested in this field both in her own country and abroad. Her death from cancer at the age of 58 has left the European academic community with great sadness.
Analysis of the National Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (CAPSS 2018) Data and Assessment of Emissions Based on Air Quality Modeling in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Choi Seong-woo , Cho Hyeonjeong , Hong Yumi , Jo Hee-ji , Park Min , Lee Hyeon-ji , Choi Ye-ji , Shin Ho-hyun , Lee Dongjae , Shin Eunji , Baek Wooseung , Park Sung-kyu , Kim Eunhye , Kim Hyung-cheon , Song Seung-joo , Park Yunseo , Kim Jinsik , Baek Jihye , Kim Jinsik , Yoo Chul
Published: November 2022

According to the 2018 National Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (NEI), air pollutant emissions in the Republic of Korea comprised 808,801 tons of CO, 1,153,265 tons of NOX, 300,979 tons of SOX, 617,481 tons of TSP, 232,993 tons of PM10, 98,388 tons of PM2.5, 15,562 tons of black carbon (BC), 1,035,636 tons of VOCs, and 315,975 tons of NH3. As for national emission contributions to primary PM2.5 and PM precursors (NOX, SOX, VOCs, and NH3), major source categories were the road sector for NOX, the industry sector for SOX and PM2.5, and the everyday activities and others sector for VOCs and NH3. In the case of emissions by region, the largest amount of NOX was emitted from the Seoul Metropolitan Areas (SMA; Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do, hereafter SMA) and the largest amounts of SOX, PM2.5, VOCs, and NH3 were from the Yeongnam region. A 3D chemical transport modeling system was used to examine the uncertainty of the national air pollutant emissions based on the National Emission and Air Quality Assessment System (NEAS). Air quality was simulated using CAPSS 2018, and the simulation data were compared with observed concentrations to examine the uncertainties of the current emissions. These data show that emissions from five si (cities) (Pohang, Yeosu, Gwangyang, Dangjin, and Ulsan) need to be improved. Most of all, it is necessary to examine the emissions from places of business that use anthracite, which is the major PM2.5 emission source, as fuel in these areas.
Chronic Evolution of a Covered Perforation of Middle Third Transverse Colon by a Toothpick: A Case Report
Authors: Gaspar Bogdan Severus , Cretoiu Sanda Maria , Beuran Mircea , Bejenaru Irina Mihaela , Parvulescu Iulia Cristina , Manolescu Stefania Lavinia , Iliescu Ramona , Najm Alfred
Published: November 2022

Background: Foreign bodies (FBs) ingestion is generally rare but they can cause often bowel perforation if they have a sharp form and the patient did not manage to eliminate it naturally in the stools. Sometimes they can pierce the digestive tube wall leading to acute complications. Among the numerous cases of ingestion of FBs presented in the literature, the current case of transverse colon perforation, with chronic evolution, epiploic and pelvic abscess, submesocolic perivisceritis represents a particular one. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 59-year-old female patient, reported episodes of transitory melena in the past 6 months and chronic pain in the right iliac fossa, chronic anemia after ingesting a toothpick. The patient complained of chronic pain in the right iliac fossa, melena, intestinal transit disorders et impaired digestive tolerance. Computerized Tomography (CT) scan suggested peritonitis with pelvic adhesions and possible covered perforation in the right iliac fossa. Surgery started as an exploratory laparotomy to define the final diagnosis since a tumoral pathology couldn’t be eliminated. Colic perforation by a toothpick was found, followed by colporrhaphy and a biosynthetic patch on the great omentum. Conclusion: This paper presents the case of a patient with a sharp foreign body (toothpick) positioned in the transverse colon. The toothpick was ingested a few months ago and had a subtle chronic evolution causing colon perforation, covered peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscess, and chronic anemia because of recurrent episodes of melena. The treatment of choice was surgery with good postoperative evolution.
THE CONNECTION OF MYTHOLOGICAL STONES TO DEITIES OF THE EARTH AND LOWER WORLD, AND THEIR PLACE IN THE SACRED LANDSCAPE
Authors: Cepītis Jānis , Jakubenoka Lilija
Published: November 2022

The earth and the mythical beings of lower spheres connected with it relate to stones in the Latvian mythical landscape. These stones are connected with basic Indo-European myth, involving conflict between the celestial and chthonic deities, or with a syncretic interpretation of the myth, where pagan and Chris- tian strata have mixed. The folk-tale motifs connected with all of these are varied. Some motifs, for example, about the Devil making men sleep on the stones, are emphasized for the first time in this study. The connection between stones and the cult of dead is also identified. A stone is considered a boundary between this world and the next, and as one of the points of reference in the natural world where the souls of those who had died an untimely death found shelter. In the mythical land- scape it is possible to observe the connection between a stone and other natural objects, particularly mythical waters, as well as features of Man’s cultural space, such as hill-forts and burial sites.
INHABITANTS OF THE HOLY RIVER OF NOVGOROD: THE VOLKHOV IN THE HISTORIC, CULTURAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL TRADITION OF MEDIEVAL NOVGOROD
Authors: Tianina Elena
Published: November 2022

The River Volkhov, connecting Lake Ilmen and Lake Ladoga, used to be atransportation line of utmost importance in northern Russia (Fig. 1). As earlyas the 8th–9th century AD, the water route along the Volkhov was masteredby the Slavs – migrants from the southern shores of the Baltic Sea. During theViking epoch, two major townships of northern Russia appeared at the headand the outfall of the Volkhov: they were Ladoga and the predecessor of Novgorod, Rurik’s Township. And in the second quarter of the 10th centuryNovgorod the Great was founded. For the city’s population, the River Volkhovwas not only the basis of their economic life, but also a sacred natural feature.
THE RIVER SVĒTUPE IN PLACE NARRATIVES IN VIDZEME
Authors: Vītola Ieva
Published: November 2022

This publication explores the features of identity of the River Svētupe in Vidzeme by analysing the place narratives in relation to the Svētupe as a river and a place name that occurs in bothmicrotoponyms in the Svētupe flow and on its banks. The place narratives of the River Svētupe and its banks are evidence of the local history and daily scenes on the banks of the river at various periods of time. The written oral testimonies reveal the functions of the river and its use by the local inhabitants both historically and at present. In such a context, the River Svētupe is mainly regarded and utilised for daily and household needs (water, collection of herbal teas, extraction of treatment clay, spending leisure time, hay making, etc.). In the opinion of the local people the Svētupe is recognised with the help of the names of the constructions on the river banks (the mill, the bridge, houses) or the names of river bays (usually they are named after the closest landowners or houses) or the peculiarities of the river flow – deeper places or the so-called pits where it is impossible either to fish or to swim. The micro- toponyms of the Svētupe and its banks are entwined with place narratives of personal experience and they are related to the history of the district. The Svētupe is not just a geographical place, a hydrological site; it is a significant part of the space that includes individual and collective experience and refers to both the emotional and the social dimensions.
ABOUT THE NEED TO USE THE NOTIONS “HERITOLOGY” AND “MNEMOSOPHY” IN THE TERMINOLOGY OF MUSEUMS
Authors: Knoka Ilze
Published: November 2022

Over a period of three decades the Croatian museologist Tomis- lav Šola has offered two neologisms to denote the sector of museums and heri- tage and their respective theory: heritology andmnemosophy. The new terms characterise Šola’s interpretation and priority issues of the sector in their own way, at the same time they arouse theoretical discussions about the borders of the sector and the need to address the theory of heritage from a wider per- spective than it is applied in practice. In accordance with Šola’s critical atti- tude towards the sector and people working in this sector, the implementation of neologisms in practice encounters mistrust and doubt of professionals working in the area of heritage. This article discloses the origin of these terms, their contribution to the sector ’s theoretical basis and the reasons for their slow inclusion in the dictionary of the sector.
DEPICTION OF THE HUMAN BEING IN LATVIAN FEATURE FILMS. THE SOVIET PERIOD
Authors: Surkova Agnese
Published: November 2022

The objective of this paper is to characterise, compare and analyse the depiction of the human being in Latvian feature films during the Soviet period – afterWorldWar II (in the 1950–60ies) and the 1970–80ies. In the centre of the world created by films of each of these periods there is a person of a different type who (directly or indirectly) offers a message about his/her time: it is obviously depicted in the value systems of the characters, as well as the models of actions and their visual images. When taking into account the influence of visual images created by the cinema and, frequently, its direct participation in transferring the message to the audience, special attention is paid to the visual aesthetics of the films: the positioning of the camera, lights, assembly, the composition of the film frame, and the placement of actors in it. Another essential theme that requires particular attention is the choice of actors/types of personalities, that is, the correspondence of the visual images (appearance) of film characters or, on the contrary, there is a contrast with the official concepts, stereotypes and/or canons of the particular period. The paper highlights films and actors that are typical of the respective periods, providing an analysis of vivid screen images and a series of films.
EVELYN WAUGH’S NOVEL “BRIDESHEAD REVISITED” FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THE GAY THEORY
Authors: Auziņa Anna
Published: November 2022

The article is examining the novel “Brideshead Revisited” by Evelyn Waugh and the depiction of the identity of homosexualism in it. By analysing the novel “Brideshead Revisited” the author has applied the gay theory, a theory of culture and literature of the second half of the 20th century that alongside with the theory of feminism turned against the stereotypes of patriarchal culture. The novel “Brideshead Revisited” demonstrates hints about the homo- erotical bonds between the twomain characters. Although these messages are not direct and straight-forward; however, when reading the text from the perspective of the gay theory, we can disclose the use of allusions and codes thus providing an interpretation of friendship between Charles and Sebastian, as a romantic love story. In the case of Charles and Sebastian, the homoerotical link creates tension and problems, the depiction of their relations points to homosexual interest typical of immature personalities. However, the portrait of another, supporting character of the novel, Antony Blance, offers a different portrayal of a homosexual man: his hero is mature and successful in expressing his essentially different sexuality. In this way, Waugh has created an innovative image of a homosexual man. Nevertheless, emotionally the most vivid and nostalgic description in the novel is the portrayal of the romantic relations between both the main characters in their youth. They are depicted in a fragile and discrete manner by focusing on the emotional experience of the characters. Lack of openness and subtexts increase the artistic value of the novel.
LITERARY CINEMATOGRAPHIC STYLE AND THE BIBLICAL MOTIFS IN THE NOVEL “THE VOICE OF THE CALLER” BY ALBERTS BEL
Authors: Dibovska Jūlija
Published: November 2022

Alberts Bels’ novels have occupied a remaining place in the history of Latvian literature and these texts continue to fascinate us with their polyphony. One of the aspects why Bels’ novels do not lose their topicality is the fact that the writer has indulged in archetypical thinking – neo-mythicism, specifically, use of biblical personages, images andmotifs in the subtext and in the direct substantiation for the plot. Another aspect of intertextuality that turns Bels’ texts into exciting, visually and even audio-visually perceivable literature is represented by the elements of cinematographic style. The layers of Bels’ novels reveal a firmnetwork that provide innovative revelations about the multidimensional ideas of his literary works by remaining within the framework of a certain artistic system.
DOES ART HAVE A TASK? STATE PROCUREMENT VS CREATIVE FREEDOM
Authors: Beitnere-Le Galla Dagmāra
Published: November 2022

This article outlines several trajectories in art sociology in respect of the issue of the artist and a piece of art. What is the status of an artist and self-awareness within the relations of social context: in the realisation of the social life of a piece of art? Applied theories have been chosen to discuss the public space in search of an answer to the question: whether art represents the state procurement or the artist is a free and creative personality in a democratic society? Another question is as follows: Does art have a task? During the last decade several pieces of art depicting harsh reality have been created in Latvia in the manner of social criticism. In the new social system society is not only searching for criticism, but is also longing for art that represents social integrity and identity.
CULTURAL CANON AS A CULTURAL POLICY PROGRAMME: POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL PRECONDITIONS AND PERSPECTIVES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Laķe Anda , Goldmanis Juris
Published: November 2022

This article provides a comparative analysis of the initiative of cultural policy implemented in three countries of the European Union (the Netherlands, Denmark and Latvia) and the term “cultural canon” that is used to characterise it. As the substantiation, objectives, functions and results of the cultural canon as a state-financed programme of cultural policy essentially differ in all the above countries, there is a ground for discussions about the preconditions for the sustainable development of this programme. The main objective of this article is to reveal the significance of political and ideological factors of the cultural canon in the development of cultural policy and the choice of scenarios in the future. In order to reach this objective, the theoretical understanding of the notion “cultural canon” has been analysed and its link with the values of a certain political ideology. A comparative analysis and assessment of the development of cultural canons in theNetherlands, Denmark and Latvia have been carried out by applying data of empirical research that is based on qualitative methodology. The article explores the development scenarios for the cultural canon that would bemost appropriate for the political- ideological context of Latvia. The theoretical basis of this article lies in various investigations that evaluate the cultural canon as substantiation for ideological paradigms in the cultural policy by paying special attention to works of those authors who have analysed the expression of ideological doctrines of nationalism and multiculturalism in culture (Willem Frijhoff, Peter Duelund, Monique Kremer, Will Kymlicka). The conclusions of this article are based on the theoretical and empirical research; they serve as arguments andproof for the thesis that consistent political and ideological support for the initiatives of the cultural canon is considered to be the main factor that influences the development of the programme and sustainability.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PERSONALITY IN DEFINING AND REALISATION OF THE ROLE OF A MUSEUM: A CASE STUDY OF TUKUMS MUSEUM (1953–1960)
Authors: Ozola Agrita
Published: November 2022

The paper reflects the understanding of Auguste Kapmane, Director of the State Tukums Museum (the present Tukums Museum), on the role of the museum, or rather its contribution to society in accordance with ideological tasks of Soviet museums. It also deals with her activities in realisation of the role of museum within the context of the social-political events of the 1950s. Evaluation of her activities in Tukums is not unambiguous. Although she had been a member of the Communist Party since 1917 and she was head of a museum whose collection was dominated by artwork of the pre-Soviet period, she held professional criteria higher than ideological tasks. She did not comply with the demand of several evaluation commissions of the museum collections to destroy the works of the so-called formalists and she also dared to exhibit pictures by some émigré painters. Likewise, she enlarged the museum collection with prominent artwork by Latvian painters from collections of other museums during the so-called cleansing actions.
CHALLENGES FOR A 21st CENTURY CULTURAL ORGANISATION: CULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Zemīte Ieva
Published: November 2022

In parallel with the development of scientific discourse, a dialogue about the making of cultural entrepreneurship offer becomes more and more significant also among practitioners because the necessity to take a risk and attract resources to the achievement of artistic goals increases. Cultural organisations, which have been state subsidised so far, are often forced to function according to business principles, hence a need arises to define new notions and analyse the specific nature of these activities. It determines the main differences between activities of classical and cultural entrepreneurship. The cultural exception principle defined in the UNESCO Convention has created preconditions which ensure that culture sector institutions and organisations are not under the free market rule, and their contents are protected. At the same time a system is created which allows leaders of organisations, relying on their special status, to demand both financial and material resources which are necessary to ensure the functioning of cultural organisations and institutions. It does not always ensure development-oriented management. The distinction of pure art, culture industry, creative industry and related industries determines the most essential breakdown of the industry into sectors, which also marks the differences in funding their activities. However, entrepreneurship also means creating new values in the context of pure art. It means taking a risk and attracting the necessary resources to achieve the goals.
MEASURING SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF LARGE SCALE CULTURAL EVENTS: A SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS
Authors: Laķe Anda , Tjarve Baiba , Grīnberga Līga
Published: November 2022

Organisation of large scale or mega cultural events requires not only skilful managerial techniques, but also an integrated evaluation approach taking into account such aspects as the cultural, economic, social, political, and environmental context. Mega cultural events can be characterised by complex objectives, diverse funding sources (EU, public, private), a multilayer structure of planned results and effects. All that obviously encumbers evaluation of mega events. The initiative of the European Capital of Culture is one of major large scale European cultural cooperation projects, taking into consideration its budget and the diversity of its programme that exceeds the scope of any other cultural event. In 2014, Riga was chosen to be one of the European Capitals of Culture. Latvia had recently overcome an economic recession; in this context substantial public investment in culture required an additional focus on evaluating the economic impact of Riga 2014 programme. Research is based on the assumption that social network analysis has a great potential in evaluation of cultural impact, as culture incorporates the very idea of a network through which new ideas and creativity are channelled.
ACTUALISATION OF CREATIVITY IN THE LATVIAN LABOUR MARKET: CREATIVE PERSONS AND EDUCATION
Authors: Treimane Agnese
Published: November 2022

Creativity has become a characteristic feature and a driving force of the contemporary labour market. The researcher Richard Florida characterises the creative professionals as a modern basic class. Creativity is viewed as a basic feature of each person and sustainability of the state. However, this raises the question in what way representatives of creative professions become part of and compete in an environment of general creativity. How grounded is it to speak about a law for creative persons when it is so problematic to define the target group of this law and the representatives of those professions who will be able to claim relief and privileges that this law would provide? Creative persons or representatives of creative professions is a complex, non-homogeneous and problematic group, the same as students of art universities in Latvia who, although they acquire education and skills of a similar profile, is a non-homogeneous, split and essentially different group, which does not lend itself to analysis when we speak about their common adequacy to the labour market in Latvian. Does a student who graduates from the Art Academy of Latvia, the Latvian Academy of Culture or the Jāzeps Vītols Latvian Academy of Music become a creative person, a creative professional or a representative of a creative profession, or all of them together? Or perhaps none of the above? How adequate to and ready for the labour market is this graduate? To what extent does it matter which of the universities has been graduated and how significant it is in the future career of the graduate? The paper seeks answers to these questions and attempts to establish what connection exists between the creative class, creative people, representatives of creative professions, graduates-bohemians and students of Latvian art universities.