bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realitäten vor und nach 1989
Authors: Nagelschmidt Ilse
Published: April 2022

Die Verfasserin widmet sich in ihrem Beitrag zunächst der Frauen- und Geschlechterpolitik in der DDR und geht auf wesentliche Differenzen ein. Da diese Politik als Gewährungspolitik zu verstehen ist, konnte sich keine eigenständige Frauenpolitik bis auf wenige Ausnahmen in den 1980er Jahren entwickeln. Mit dem Jahr 1989 keimten große Hoffnungen, die jedoch nur zum Teil eingelöst werden konnten. Mit dem Abwicklungsbeschluss wurden zum einen vielen Akademikerinnen und Akademiker arbeitslos, zum anderen konnten vollkommen neue Forschungsfelder an ostdeutschen Universitäten erschlossen werden. Dazu gehörte auch die Gründung des Zentrums für Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung an der Universität in Leipzig.
Gender Studies in Translation
Authors: Wenzel Xenia
Published: April 2022

Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der deutschen Übersetzung von Judith Butlers »Gender Trouble« aus dem Jahr 1991 und untersucht deren Einfluss auf die deutschsprachige Debatte im akademischen feministischen Diskurs und auf die Institutionalisierung feministischer Theorie in der deutschsprachigen Hochschullandschaft. Mit einem wissenschaftssoziologisch informierten Übersetzungsbegriff wird in diesem Beitrag die Übersetzung von »Gender Trouble« als gesellschaftspolitische Problem anerkannt, das einen nachhaltigen Einfluss auf die Weiterentwicklung der sprachlichen und institutionellen Entwicklungen der Gender Studies im deutschsprachigen Raum hatte - bis heute.
Gender(un)gerechtigkeit
Authors: Rytel-Schwarz Danuta
Published: April 2022

Danuta Rytel-Schwarz geht der Frage nach, ob Gendergerechtigkeit in ›natürlichen‹ Sprachen mit ihren geschichtlichen und kulturellen Verflechtungen überhaupt möglich ist. Der Artikel soll einen Überblick geben, inwieweit die Sprachsysteme Deutsch, Tschechisch und Polnisch es erlauben, Texte so zu formulieren, dass sich möglichst viele Zielpersonen gleichermaßen angesprochen fühlen. Die kontrastive Beschreibung zeigt die Unterschiedlichkeit von Erwartungen an Gendergerechtigkeit in Bezug auf Nutzer:innen der jeweiligen Sprache, aber auch im Rahmen einer Sprachgemeinschaft. Die unterschiedliche Sichtbarkeit beider, bzw. auch diverser Geschlechter wird in der sozialen Praxis besonders deutlich. Die deutsche Sprache ist jedenfalls eine Art Vorreiterin in der ernsthaften Auseinandersetzung mit dem Problem.
The Politics of Gender and Violence in Contemporary South African Feminist Talk
Authors: Sanger Nadia
Published: April 2022

In this paper, Nadia Sanger contemplates some current feminist discourses on gender and violence in the popular South African imagination that inadvertently work against the feminist imperative of eradicating violence. The author considers the #MenAreTrash campaign in thinking through its usefulness for eradicating violence in the in the South African context.
Migrating Through the Web
Authors: Braida Nicole
Published: April 2022

How to study a media object on the web that is at the same time a documentary, a reportage, and a game which combines both fiction and non-fiction elements? Nicole Braida digs into the discursive and material structures and infrastructures of serious games, text-adventures, newsgames, interactive maps, and data visualizations, in which refugees and migrants become the subject of humanitarian discourse. Although the goal is to arouse empathy towards migrants, these »interactive practices« distinguish who is vulnerable and who is not. It supports the idea of a »migratory crisis«, which, the author argues, is actually the symptom of a deeper crisis of the humanitarian system itself.
Memes - Formen und Folgen eines Internetphänomens
Authors: Nowotny Joanna , Reidy Julian
Published: April 2022

Memes dienen nicht nur der popkulturellen Unterhaltung oder der Kunst, sie werden auch in der Politik, in lokalen und internationalen Wahlkämpfen oder auf Demonstrationen verwendet. In ihrer typischsten Form sind sie Text-Bild-Gefüge, die sich digital mit viraler Geschwindigkeit verbreiten und transformieren. Joanna Nowotny und Julian Reidy nehmen sich dieses Internetphänomens aus kulturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive an. Sie betreten Neuland, indem sie einzelne Memes kasuistisch analysieren und ihre Erkenntnisse systematisieren, um diese digitale Kommunikationsform definitorisch neu zu bestimmen - in stetem Bezug zu anderen digitalen Phänomenen wie dem trolling.
Von Fischen, die in Kinos singen
Authors: Präkels Manja
Published: April 2022

Manja Präkels, unter anderem Sängerin der Band Der singende Tresen und Autorin des autobiographischen Romans Als ich mit Hitler Schnapskirsche aß (2017), widmet sich in diesem Beitrag einer metaphorisch vielstelligen Darstellung ihrer Kunstproduktion, zurückblickend bis in die Kindheit und zugleich gegenwärtig.
Eigenständige Texte oder vertonte Gedichte? - Die Lyrics und Lyrik Lydia Dahers
Authors: Fuchs Alicia
Published: April 2022

Alicia Fuchs fragt in diesem Beitrag am Beispiel der Lyrik und Lyrics von Lydia Daher grundsätzlich danach, in welchem Verhältnis zueinander diese beiden Textformen eigentlich stehen.
Paradies oder Abgrund? Utopie- und Dystopiegedanken in Musik und Literatur
Authors: Grest Leon , Wieland Jasmin
Published: April 2022

Leon Grest und Jasmin Wieland fragen in diesem Beitrag nach dem generischen Traditionsverhalten ›ihrer‹ Texte, indem sie PeterLichts und Hendrik Otrembas Texte in die Gattungsgeschichte der Utopie einreihen.
»Ich lese fast nie in Buchhandlungen« - Ein Gespräch mit Thorsten Nagelschmidt
Authors: Jürgensen Christoph , Mayer Lotta , Mück Michelle , Wenk Sarah
Published: April 2022

In diesem Interview mit Thorsten Nagelschmidt, Frontmann der Deutschpunk-Band Muff Potter und zuletzt Autor des von der Kritik hochgelobten short-cut-Romans Arbeit (2020) geht es um den Feldwechsel vom Musik- in den Literaturbetrieb, um Autorrollen und künstlerische Selbstinszenierung und um das Verhältnis von Popkultur und Autorschaft.
Zwischen Spiel und Story
Authors: Hillmayer Moritz
Published: April 2022

Die Frage nach dem Zusammenhang von Erzählung und agency der Spielenden im modernen Computerspiel gehört zu den Gründungsherausforderungen der Game Studies, an dem selbst hybride Ansätze oft scheitern. Moritz Hillmayer versucht nicht, die Trennung der beiden Pole Spiel und Story aufzuheben, sondern nutzt gerade ihre Unterschiedlichkeit als Basis für seine Analysen. Auf der Grundlage des seit der Antike diskutierten Konzepts der Mimesis stellt er eine Perspektive auf das Computerspiel vor, die sowohl die Unterschiedlichkeit der beiden Aspekte als auch ihr Zusammenwirken in den Fokus nimmt.
Algorithm for automatic compensation of thermal deformations of thermally loaded load-bearing structures
Authors: Borodulin Boris B.
Published: April 2022

The paper considers a possible algorithm for the automatic control system of the thermal modes of load-bearing structures of the information-measuring system of autonomous objects. Thermo-deformation component of information-measuring error, which is the cause of distortion of operating and service information of an autonomous object, is reduced due to compensation of thermogradient by automatic control system of operation modes of distributed controlled heat sources. The system provides a significant reduction in the level of thermal deformation error of measurements, the cause of which is the deformation of supporting structures due to unstable and uneven heat release of information-measuring instruments placed on the structure. To compensate for thermal deformations, the system includes controlled heat sources that compensate for the thermal gradients of the supporting structure arising under the influence of the information-measuring system instruments and external thermal radiation on the structure. An effective rational control algorithm, providing compensation of the thermal gradient of the load-bearing structure to an acceptable level, is proposed. The control algorithm and the system structure are designed to be implemented by special software of the onboard computer.
Adaptive system for automatic control of the fine drawing process
Authors: Lysov Vladimir E. , Sinykov Andrey P.
Published: April 2022

The paper considers the technological process of deep drawing, taking into account the high degree of deformation of the metal and the small thickness (0.5 mm) of the workpiece. Given the high complexity of the process and the impossibility of its representation in an analytical form, the paper uses its representation in the form of a phase portrait in the plane of the drawing force and movement of the hydraulic press punch. Phase trajectories in the mentioned plane determine the geometric dimensions of the product, characterize stresses and deformations during the process and determines the structure of the process control algorithm. The digital positional tracking system considered in the work includes electromechanical, hydraulic, pneumoelectric and electronic links. The system provides precision positioning of the hydraulic press punch with control and control of its movement speed. The paper provides an ideal mathematical model of the extraction process. As a result of comparing the phase trajectories of the model and the real process, a possible difference is revealed due to the interference in the real process. The resulting difference makes it possible to form an additional control effect on the punch speed control circuit in the system in order to compensate for the resulting misalignment. Thus, the stabilization of the drawing force in the function of the movement of the punch is realized. The paper provides mathematical descriptions of all parts of the system, provides dynamic characteristics of the process. As disturbing effects on the drawing process, the following are considered: metal hardening, the unstable friction force that occurs when the workpiece is pressed, the change in the drawing force when the parts of the workpiece are drawn into the matrix, corrugation, metal thinning during the transition of the bottom part to the side wall of the product. The mentioned disturbances without the system in question did not fully ensure the quality of the products. As a result of the resulting marriage, significant production costs took place. The materials of the work and numerical data of the links of the technological process system were obtained by the example of manufacturing a cylinder of an OP-2(3)-ABCE powder fire extinguisher produced at the ZPO plant Itself (fire fighting equipment plant).
Analysis of the energy intensity of the galvanic complex of machine-building production
Authors: Romanova Alena S. , Mikushin Maxim B. , Voevodin Alexander Yu.
Published: April 2022

Considered are the problems of energy efficiency of products of a large machine-building enterprise associated with the impossibility of regulating steam consumption and the seasonality of changes in energy consumption. The analysis of the consumption of energy resources by a typical large machine-building enterprise of small-scale and unit-type production is carried out. The reasons for the additional costs of the enterprise with centralized steam supply associated with condensate losses have been identified. It has been established that the most power-consuming is the galvanic complex. The reasons for the increased energy consumption of the galvanic complex are considered. The energy balance of the technological section - the galvanic complex, was compiled, reflecting the calculated thermal loads when heating the electrolyte and maintaining the thermal regime, depending on the operating time of the baths and the mass of the processed parts, taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of technological equipment. The most effective methods of energy supply have been determined depending on the load factor and the fuel and energy resource used for two typical baths of the galvanic complex. Three options of technological power supply are considered, depending on the load factor of the equipment and the technical possibility of its parallel-sequential connection. It was found that with all three schemes for connecting to alternative sources of heat supply, there is an increase in the energy efficiency of the use of fuel and energy resources, as well as a decrease in the cost of energy supply of technological processes in comparison with centralized steam supply. It was revealed that when organizing the operation of technological equipment in a parallel-sequential scheme, uniform efficient loading of steam generators and high energy efficiency of galvanic production are ensured. For the power supply of the galvanic complex, a combined scheme of heat supply by local heat sources from the power grid and gas steam generators is proposed, taking into account their fullest load.
De la información al consumidor a la educación del ciudadano: Veintitrés años de discusiones (1992-2015)
Authors: Karina Fins , Aisenstein Angela
Published: April 2022

Este artículo presenta un recorrido por las definiciones y recomendaciones de estrategias alimentario-nutricionales a implementar a nivel nacional formuladas por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura individualmente y en conjunto con la Organización Mundial de la Salud, entre fines del siglo XX y principios del XXI. Las mismas, son el punto de arribo de una trayectoria de diagnósticos y acciones propuestas a nivel mundial en el contexto de las transiciones epidemiológicas y nutricionales asociadas a las transformaciones sociales, demográficas y económicas acontecidas en el período de estudio. Se propone reflexionar sobre las definiciones y las recomendaciones en educación alimentaria en sentido amplio y en particular en el ámbito escolar. Asimismo, profundiza el análisis de la tensión identificada entre los diferentes objetivos atribuidos a la educación alimentaria, desde brindar información para la adopción voluntaria de comportamientos saludables hasta abordar los condicionantes en los entornos alimentarios. Específicamente, pone foco en la transición de las recomendaciones basadas en la concepción de la educación en alimentación y nutrición como información al consumidor a la perspectiva de la educación alimentaria como educación para la ciudadanía alimentaria.
Sujeitos da equipe dirigente do Ministério da Educação do Brasil (1995-2002): Constituição de uma cultura político-educacional
Authors: Negreiros Heitor Lopes , Ferreira Neto Amarílio , Santos Wagner dos
Published: April 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a constituição de uma cultura político-educacional, que teve suas bases na década de 1990, focalizando os sujeitos da Equipe Dirigente do Ministério da Educação do Brasil entre o período de 1995 e 2002. As inquietações para esse estudo surgiram do acompanhamento do intenso debate sobre a reforma do ensino médio recente (2017), principalmente a partir da análise de se tratar de uma retomada da cultura político-educacional da década de 1990. Fundamenta-se na análise bibliográfica tendo como fontes suas produções acadêmicas e o referencial teórico que os conectam e fundamentam seus pensamentos. Utiliza como instrumento de auxílio das análises o software Gephi. Concluímos que as bases teóricas para constituição de uma cultura político-educacional estabelecidas entre 1995 a 2002 são reveladoras das tensões existentes em torno da definição de um projeto educacional que manteve suas influências na agenda educacional brasileira a partir dos sujeitos que compuseram e suas ações em diferentes espaços.
Role of Business Etchics as Moderating Variable in the Effect of Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation
Authors: Simandjuntak JBP , Sudibyo Yvonne
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

The study  to analyze the effect of Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation. And also analyzes the impact of Business Ethics as a moderating variable that strengthens or weakens the relationship between the effects of Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation. The researcher collects empirical study data from the companies using secondary data taken from the annual reports of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and Publish the Sustaninability Reporting. Then analyzes them using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. A total of 150 units of data analysis that meet the criteria and can be used as samples in this study. Business Etchics as a moderator between Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation with proxy and measurement on Corporate Coode of Conduct in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange is still little researched. So this research will not only fill in the current gaps in the literature but also spark new academic debates, but this study will also contribute to the practice of Corporate Reputation. This study reveals that Integreted Reporting and Environmental Performance have a positive and significant effect on Corporate Reputation. Corporate Social Responsibility have no effect on Corporate Reputation.  Meanwhile, the role of the Business Ethics as a moderating variable have strengthens the influence between Integreted Reporting and Environmental Performance on Corporate Reputation from before being moderated by the Business Ethics. This study only takes secondary data from the annual reports of companies and Sustanainability reports of companies from the Indonesian stock exchange. And only have thirty companies as a data this study.
Chiny jako aktor bezpieczeństwa w Afryce
Authors: Kaczmarek Filip
Published: April 2022

Historycznymi aktorami bezpieczeństwa w Afryce były mocarstwa kolonialne, a po okresie dekolonizacji, wiodące mocarstwa dwubiegunowego świata. Trzecim aktorem, mającym wpływ na bezpieczeństwo części Afryki stają się Chiny. Pytania badawcze, które postawiono to: jaką rolę odgrywają Chiny w zakresie bezpieczeństwa w Afryce i jak zmienia się rola Chin w tym zakresie? Zastosowane metody badawcze to analiza dokumentów i analiza statystyczna. Zakres przedmiotowy analizy obejmował wielostronne chińskie misje pokojowe; chińskie wsparcie finansowe dla instytucji panafrykańskich i regionalnych, działających na rzecz bezpieczeństwa; bazy i ćwiczenia wojskowe Chin w Afryce; eksport broni i technologii; aktywność sektora prywatnych firm ochroniarskich oraz chińską narrację dotyczącą tego fragmentu współpracy międzynarodowej. Wnioski, wynikające z badań, wskazują że polityka bezpieczeństwa Chin ulegała istotnym zmianom, co wpływa na ich rolę jako aktora bezpieczeństwa m.in. w Afryce. Istotą zmian w polityce Chin jest odejście od zasady nieingerowania i przyjęcie zasady ograniczonego zaangażowania. W rezultacie Chiny nie zostały głównym aktorem bezpieczeństwa w Afryce, ale stały się jednym z aktorów bezpieczeństwa w tym regionie.
Zmiany zachorowalności na nowotwory złośliwe ośrodkowego układu nerwowego w województwie wielkopolskim
Authors: Pilarska Agnieszka
Published: April 2022

W pracy dokonano analizy przestrzennej i czasowej zmiany współczynnika surowego zachorowalności na nowotwory złośliwe ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (z uwzględnieniem opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych), określono charakter i siłę trendów zachorowalności oraz wskazano obszary o niekorzystnej i korzystnej sytuacji.

Niekorzystna sytuacja w zakresie zachorowalności surowej na analizowane nowotwory występowała w podregionie miasto Poznań, podregionie kaliskim oraz w powiecie pilskim. W województwie wielkopolskim istotne statystycznie trendy wzrostowe zachorowalności odnotowano dla „nowotworu złośliwego opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych (C70)” oraz „nowotworu złośliwego mózgu (C71)”. Jedyny istotny statystycznie trend spadkowy zachorowalności wystąpił w podregionie pilskim i dotyczył „nowotworu złośliwego rdzenia kręgowego, nerwów czaszkowych i innych części ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (C72)”.
Zabytki nieruchome jako materialny kapitał kulturowy wielkopolskich miast
Authors: Stachowiak Krzysztof , Siniecka Anna
Published: April 2022

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja głównych cech i specyfiki materialnego kapitału kulturowego miast wielkopolskich, którego trzon stanowi zasób zabytków nieruchomych. W pierwszej części przedstawiono krótko koncepcję kapitału kulturowego i wyjaśniono specyfikę zabytków jako kapitału, koncentrując się na wartościach przydawanych zabytkom. Dało to podstawy teoretyczne do charakterystyki zasobu zabytków nieruchomych miast wielkopolskich, które stanowią ich materialny kapitał kulturowy. Został on scharakteryzowany w ujęciu głównych wartości kulturowych (historycznej i semiotycznej) oraz wartości użytkowej. Analizy dokonano według kategorii wielkościowych miast (małe, średnie i duże), co pozwoliło odkryć specyfikę kapitału kulturowego w tych miastach. Rezultaty badań wskazują na znaczny kapitał kulturowy małych miast, którego potencjał wiąże się z obiektami sakralnymi, układami urbanistycznymi, a także dworami i pałacami.
Biegi masowe w wybranych miastach Wielkopolski i ich wpływ na lokalny system społeczno-ekonomiczny
Authors: Wielec Tomasz , Matykowski Roman
Published: April 2022

Niniejsze opracowanie jest próbą przedstawienia roli i wpływu imprez biegowych na rozwój miast oraz możliwości ich promocji i budowania pozytywnego wizerunku. Scharakteryzowano wpływ organizowanych biegów masowych przez trzy miasta wielkopolskie różnej wielkości: Poznań, Gniezno i Grodzisk Wielkopolski. Rosnąca w XXI w. popularność aktywności fizycznej w postaci biegów może stać się ważnym impulsem dla rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego miast oraz stanowić nowe źródło poszukiwania tożsamości miasta czy jego nowego wizerunku.
Przestrzenny wymiar dogęszczania zabudowy na wielkich osiedlach mieszkaniowych w Poznaniu po 1989 roku
Authors: Kaczmarek Patryk
Published: April 2022

Przestrzeń wielkich osiedli mieszkaniowych w Polsce po 1989 r. podlega dynamicznym przemianom. W wyniku urynkowienia systemu obrotu nieruchomościami obszary, których celowo nie zagospodarowano, bądź te, na których zainwestowanie ze względu na kryzys odłożono w czasie, stają się miejscem presji inwestycyjnej. Nowa zabudowa, która w wyniku tego powstaje, zaburza oryginalne układy urbanistyczne. Celem badania było określenie skali procesu dogęszczania zabudowy na wielkich osiedlach mieszkaniowych w Poznaniu. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone za pomocą inwentaryzacji, podczas której dokonywano lokalizacji nowej zabudowy powstałej po 1989 r. na wyznaczonych obszarach badawczych obejmujących wielkie osiedla mieszkaniowe. Stwierdzono istnienie zjawiska na 17 z 25 badanych osiedli, gdzie pojawiło się 91 nowych budynków.
Osiedle i jego mieszkańcy. Gospodarstwa domowe na poznańskiej Abisynii
Authors: Skoczylas Łukasz
Published: April 2022

Artykuł przedstawia obraz poznańskiego osiedla Abisynia przez pryzmat wybranych charakterystyk jego mieszkańców. Abisynia składa się z domów jednorodzinnych, bliźniaków i tzw. willi miejskich. Analizę oparto na wynikach badań ankietowych gospodarstw domowych. Badania dotyczyły podstawowych kwestii związanych z zamieszkiwaniem, takich jak: liczba osób tworzących gospodarstwo domowe, liczba i rodzaj trzymanych zwierząt, używane środki transportu, aktywności podejmowane w najbliższej okolicy. Z analizy wynika, że Abisynia jest obecnie terenem wielofunkcyjnym, na którym jednak nadal dominuje funkcja mieszkaniowa. Wizerunek Abisynii jest bardzo spójny i w zasadzie niezmieniony na przestrzeni lat: zamieszkują tutaj przedstawiciele wyższej klasy średniej. Bolączki osiedla są podobne do tych, które charakteryzują inne polskie osiedla: jest zbyt wiele samochodów, a infrastruktura publiczna w niektórych przypadkach podlega przyspieszonej degradacji.
High incidence of discrepancies in new Siemens assay – a comparison of cardiac troponin I assays
Authors: Hasselbalch Rasmus Bo , Kristensen Jonas Henrik , Jørgensen Nicoline , Strandkjær Nina , Alaour Bashir , Afzal Shoaib , Marber Michael , Bundgaard Henning , Iversen Kasper Karmark
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Cardiac troponin (cTn) is the biochemical gold standard for diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI). We compared the Siemens ADVIA Centaur High-Sensitivity (hs-cTnI) assay with the Siemens Ultra assay (cTnI-U).

Methods

Over 3 months cTnI-U and hs-cTnI were measured simultaneously at Herlev-Gentofte Hospital. Acute myocardial injury was diagnosed using the 4th universal definition. Disputed cases were adjudicated using clinical data. We compared diagnostic accuracy using area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic. Outliers in between-assay differences were defined as a factor-5 difference and ≥1 measurement >40 ng/L. Patients with outlier differences were invited for re-sampling and tested with serial dilution and heterophilic blocking tubes.

Results

From the 18th January to the 20th April 2019, 4,369 samples on 2,658 patients were included. cTnI-U measured higher concentrations than hs-cTnI (mean 23%, −52–213%), resulting in a higher frequency of acute myocardial injury, 255 (9.6%) vs. 203 (7.6%), p<0.001. This remained significant after adjudication, 212 vs 197, p<0.001. AUC for the prediction of MI for was 0.963 for cTnI-U and 0.959 for hs-cTnI, p=0.001. Outlier differences were seen in 35 (1.2%) patients, primarily with elevated hs-cTnI (n=33, 94%). On two re-samplings (median 144 and 297 days since inclusion), 16 of 20 (80%) and 11 of 11 had sustained elevation of hs-cTnI. The samples showed no signs of heterophilic antibodies.

Conclusions

Using hs-cTnI resulted in a subset of patients with large, discrepant elevations in concentration. These patients still had elevated hs-cTnI 6–10 months post admission but no heterophilic antibodies.
Artificial intelligence in laboratory medicine: fundamental ethical issues and normative key-points
Authors: Pennestrì Federico , Banfi Giuseppe
Published: April 2022

The contribution of laboratory medicine in delivering value-based care depends on active cooperation and trust between pathologist and clinician. The effectiveness of medicine more in general depends in turn on active cooperation and trust between clinician and patient. From the second half of the 20th century, the art of medicine is challenged by the spread of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, recently showing comparable performances to flesh-and-bone doctors in some diagnostic specialties. Being the principle source of data in medicine, the laboratory is a natural ground where AI technologies can disclose the best of their potential. In order to maximize the expected outcomes and minimize risks, it is crucial to define ethical requirements for data collection and interpretation by-design, clarify whether they are enhanced or challenged by specific uses of AI technologies, and preserve these data under rigorous but feasible norms. From 2018 onwards, the European Commission (EC) is making efforts to lay the foundations of sustainable AI development among European countries and partners, both from a cultural and a normative perspective. Alongside with the work of the EC, the United Kingdom provided worthy-considering complementary advice in order to put science and technology at the service of patients and doctors. In this paper we discuss the main ethical challenges associated with the use of AI technologies in pathology and laboratory medicine, and summarize the most pertaining key-points from the guidelines and frameworks before-mentioned.
Exploring Individual and Family-related Characteristics of Hybrid Entrepreneurs
Authors: Dvouletý Ondřej , Bögenhold Dieter
Published: April 2022

This research contributes to the knowledge of individuals called hybrid entrepreneurs who combine primary paid employment with secondary self-employment activity. We work with a dataset of 30 countries participating in the 2017 European Union Labour Force Survey. We conduct a multivariate analysis of individual and family-related characteristics of hybrid entrepreneurs. Our results highlight that hybrid entrepreneurs are a specific subgroup of the population of self-employed individuals. While the hybrid entrepreneurs are also a relatively heterogeneous group themselves, we show that most of them do business in the agricultural sector and live in rural areas. Their business activities seem to be on average younger than those being run by primarily self-employed individuals. This likely reflects the temporary nature of many hybrid entrepreneurship endeavours. Interestingly hybrid entrepreneurs have, on average, higher levels of education, but this finding relates mainly to those being involved in non-agricultural activities. Women are less likely to pursue hybrid entrepreneurship, which is even less likely associated with having caring responsibilities for children. Future research should provide more longitudinal insights into the family-kids related aspects of hybrid entrepreneurship.
Material Stress and Heat Treatment of Rolling Bearing Steels
Authors: Beer O.
Published: April 2022

A stress analysis for a Hertzian contact of ball on groove is presented. The subsurface stresses, the equivalent stresses and the effect of residual stresses are shown by diagrams. Based on this analysis the requirements for materials applied in rolling element bearings are derived. The basic properties of the bearing steels, the predominantly used materials for rolling element bearing components are described. The influence of the austenitizing temperature, method of quenching and tempering temperature on the material properties is shown on the example of the bearing steel 100CrMnSi6-4. It is demonstrated how the requirements derived by these results can be fulfilled by modern equipment for industrial heat treating. It is also shown, to which extent residual stresses can be induced by different quenching procedures and that bainitic hardening can result in advantages especially for bearing applications.
Numerical simulation of iron ore sintering process with coke oven gas injection and oxygen enrichment
Authors: Ni Wenjie , Jiang Lili , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yi Xin , Li Haifeng , Shao Lei , Meng Fanchao , Zou Zongshu
Published: April 2022

Oxygen enrichment is believed to improve productivity and reduce fuel consumption, while gas fuel injection is assumed to improve the product yield and quality in iron ore sintering process. It is important to understand the mutual effect of oxygen enrichment and gas fuel injection for combined usage of these two techniques. A mathematical model is developed to simulate the sintering process with coke oven gas (COG) injection and oxygen enrichment, particularly focusing on predicting the quality and yield of sinter production, as well as NO
x
emission. The model is validated by comparing the model predictions with sintering pot test data, and numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the mutual effect of oxygen enrichment and COG injection. The results show that, compared with the conventional sintering process, with 0.5% COG injection and 30% oxygen enrichment, the mean melt quantity index (MQI) is increased by 4.1% and the mean cooling rate (CR) is decreased by 62.5%, showing that the sinter quality is improved significantly. The sinter yield is increased by 44.5%, whereas the NO
x
emission is increased by 8.3%. With the increase of oxygen enrichment from 21% to 30%, the sinter yield increases prominently first and then decreases a little, attaining its maximum at 30% of oxygen concentration. In addition, increasing oxygen concentration will increase the conversion rate of coke-N to NO
x
. Therefore, excessive oxygen enrichment is not only bad for sinter strength and yield, but also increases NO
x
emission.
Optimal design, techno-economic and sensitivity analysis of a grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system: a case study
Authors: Pujari Harish Kumar , Rudramoorthy Mageshvaran
Published: April 2022

Integrating renewable resources with existing power system are rapidly increasing day by day, becoming an effective way to rural electrification where distribution system extension is not economically feasible. This research aims to design such an optimal grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) modelled using solar, wind energy, diesel generator, battery storage, thermal loads, thermal load controller, and boiler. This system is designed to meet the load demand requirement of chintalayapalle village, Andhra Pradesh, India. The techno-economic, sensitivity analysis and cost-effective optimal configuration of this system have been performed using HOMER software. Totally eight configurations have been designed here and the optimal configuration have been identified based on the minimum net present cost (NPC), lowest cost of energy (COE), and the highest renewable fraction (RF). Results obtained shows that the optimally configured system is more environmentally friendly because of less carbon emission. Also, it would be more cost-effective when wind power becomes the main energy source and combined with moderate capacity of solar photovoltaic and battery.
Evaluation of a fire safety risk prediction model for an existing building
Authors: Rzaij Waleed A. , Al-Obaidi Basim H. K.
Published: April 2022

Fire is one of the most critical risks devastating to human life and property. Therefore, humans make different efforts to deal with fire hazards. Many techniques have been developed to assess fire safety risks. One of these methods is to predict the outbreak of a fire in buildings, and although it is hard to predict when a fire will start, it is critical to do so to safeguard human life and property. This research deals with evaluating the safety risks of the existing building in the city of Samawah/Iraq and determining the appropriateness of these buildings in terms of safety from fire hazards. Twelve parameters are certified based on the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA2016) code. The concept of giving weight to each criterion was adopted to classify the criteria according to their importance and then conduct an on-site examination of these existing buildings to test the selected criteria. The result indicates a possible fire risk in these buildings due to the lack of compliance with fire safety instructions in the approved codes.
Prepubertal and pubertal gonadal morphology, expression of cell lineage markers and hormonal evaluation in two 46,XY siblings with 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency
Authors: von Spreckelsen Benedikte , Aksglaede Lise , Johannsen Trine Holm , Nielsen John E. , Main Katharina M. , Jørgensen Anne , Jensen Rikke Beck
Published: April 2022

Objectives

17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 (17β-HSD3) deficiency results in insufficient biosynthesis of testosterone and consequently dihydrotestosterone. This is important for the fetal development of male genitalia. Thus, most 46,XY patients with 17β-HSD3 deficiency have a female appearance at birth and present with virilization at puberty. This study presents the differences in the clinical and hormonal data and analyses of gonadal characteristics in two siblings with 17β-HSD3 deficiency.

Case presentation

Patient 1 presented with deepening of the voice and signs of virilization at puberty and increased serum levels of testosterone (T) of 10.9 nmol/L (2.9 SDS) and androstenedione (Δ4) of 27 nmol/L (3.3 SDS) were observed. The T/Δ4-ratio was 0.39. Patient 2 was clinically prepubertal at the time of diagnosis, but she also had increased levels of T at 1.97 nmol/L (2.9 SDS), Δ4 at 5 nmol/L (3.3 SDS), and the T/Δ4-ratio was 0.40, but without signs of virilization. Both siblings were diagnosed as homozygous for the splice-site mutation c.277+4A>T in intron 3 of HSD17B3. They were subsequently gonadectomized and treated with hormone replacement therapy. The gonadal histology was overall in accordance with pubertal status, although with a dysgenetic pattern in both patients, including Sertoli-cell-only tubules, few tubules containing germ cells, and presence of microliths.

Conclusions

Two siblings with 17β-HSD3 deficiency differed in pubertal development at the time of diagnosis and showed marked differences in their clinical presentation, hormonal profile, gonadal morphology and expression of cell lineage markers. Early diagnosis of 17β-HSD3 deficiency appears beneficial to ameliorate long-term consequences.
The crystal structure of N-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzamide, C14H19NO3
Authors: Zhang Jingxiao , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Cai Chenyu
Published: April 2022

C14H19NO3, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 11.1235(5) Å, b = 15.3724(5) Å, c = 8.1110(3) Å, β = 109.3980(10)°, V = 1308.21(9) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0300, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0703, T = 170 K.
Asymmetry in stochastic volatility models with threshold and time-dependent correlation
Authors: Schäfers Torben , Teng Long
Published: April 2022

In this work we study the effects by including threshold, constant and time-dependent correlation in stochastic volatility (SV) models to capture the asymmetry relationship between stock returns and volatility. We develop SV models which include only time-dependent correlated innovations and both threshold and time-dependent correlation, respectively. It has been shown in literature that the SV model with only constant correlation does a better job of capturing asymmetry than threshold stochastic volatility (TSV) model. We show here that the SV model with time-dependent correlation performs better than the model with constant correlation on capturing asymmetry, and the comprehensive model with both threshold and time-dependently correlated innovations dominates models with pure threshold, constant and time-dependent correlation, and both threshold and constant correlation as well. In our comprehensive model, volatility and returns are time-dependently correlated, where the time-varying correlation is negative, and the volatility is more persistent, less volatile and higher following negative returns as expected. An empirical study is provided to illustrate our findings.
Military cybersecurity issues in the context of Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Sharikov Pavel
Published: April 2022

The unfolding conflict between Russia, Ukraine and NATO includes offensive and defensive cyberoperations. The author investigates doctrinal and organizational aspects of the use of military cyber capabilities in the conflict.
Influence of the GaN cap layer thickness on the two- dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) sheet charge density of GaN/AlInN/GaN HEMTs with polarization effect
Authors:   LMSF Laboratory of Semiconductors and Functional Materials, Amar Telidji University of Laghouat, Algeria, Bellakhdar A , Telia A. ,   Laboratoire des Microsystèmes et Instrumentation LMI, Département d’Electronique, Faculté de Technologie, Université des Frères Mentouri, 2 Campus Ahmed Hamani, Ain El Bey, Constantine, Algeria
Published: April 2022

In this study, GaN/AlInN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) with various GaN cap layer thickness and with heavily n-doping GaN cap layer were presented. In order to investigate the effects of a GaN capping layer on performance of the (GaN/AlInN/GaN) heterostructures, a simple analytical model for the threshold voltage of GaN/AlInN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is proposed by solving one dimensional (1 D) Poisson equation, leads to find the relation between the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and the control voltage. Spontaneous and piezoelectric polarizations at AlInN/GaN and GaN/AlInN interfaces have been incorporated in the analysis. Our simulations indicate that the GaN cap layer reduces the sheet density of the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG), leading to a decrease of the drain current, and that n+ doped GaN cap layer provides a higher sheet density than undoped one.
Enhanced carriers’ separation and transport with ferroelectric polymer P(VDF-TrFE) in hole-transporting material free carbon based perovskite solar cells
Authors:   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of material science and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, PR China, Tao H. J. , Chen Z. T. ,   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of material science and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, PR China, Wang M. Q. ,   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of material science and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, PR China, Zhang C. X. ,   College of Materials Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, PR. China, Zhang W. J. ,   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of material science and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, PR China, Ding L. L. ,   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of material science and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, PR China, Li J. W. ,   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of material science and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, PR China, Li X. Q. ,   Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of material science and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, PR China
Published: April 2022

The separation and transport of carriers is the key to improve the efficiency of the hole transport material free carbon based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs). Here, ferroelectric polymer P(VDF-TrFE), which is doped into CH3NH3PbI3 layer and inserted as the interface layer between TiO2 and CH3NH3PbI3 layers as well, is adopted to achieve this goal. For one thing, P(VDF-TrFE) improves the crystallinity of perovskite films, leading to lower defects and reducing carriers’ recombination. For the other thing, the built-in field of C-PSCs is enhanced due to the existence of polarized P(VDF-TrFE) when the external voltage is applied to the device, which effectively promotes the transport of carriers at TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 interface. Finally, a high short-circuit current density of 16.25 mA/cm2 is obtained with a power conversion efficiency of 7.83% for the optimal C-PSCs based on the polarized TiO2/P(VDF-TrFE)/MAPbI3:P(VDF-TrFE). Meanwhile, the hysteresis of the device is reduced as well. This simple and effective method is conducive to the commercialization of C-PSCs in the future.
Anti-cancerous and anti-bacterial potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized using leaf extract of fern- Dryopteris barbigera
Authors:   School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302025, Rajasthan, India, Jan F. , Pareek S. ,   School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302025, Rajasthan, India, Srivastava R. P. ,   Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea, Zahoor I. ,   School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302025, Rajasthan, India, Sharma A. ,   School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302025, Rajasthan, India, Shrivastava D. ,   School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302025, Rajasthan, India
Published: April 2022

Green synthesized nanoparticles are easily bio-available and eco-friendly in nature. Leaves of Dryopteris barbigera have medicinal properties. In this study, biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using D. barbigera leaf extract and their characterizations have been carried out. Surface plasmon spectra for AgNPs displayed absorbance peak with dark brown color at 418 nm. The synthesized AgNPs, were spherical with size ranging between 10.7-27.6 nm, lattice constant of 0.408 nm and crystallite size of 11.9 ± 2.9 nm. These AgNPs were biocompatible towards MCF-7 and A549 cancer cell lines and showed bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Environmentally friendly preparation of robust superhydrophobic surfaces on stainless steel mesh
Authors:   College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, China, Hou K. K. , Meng Y. W ,   College of Information Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, China, Chen X. H. ,   College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, China, Xu M. M. ,   College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, China, Wang D. ,   College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, China
Published: April 2022

In this work, a robust surface with superhydrophobic properties was prepared on stainless steel mash by electrodeposition combined with low surface energy modification method. The wettability, phase composition, morphology and properties of the coating were characterized and tested using dynamic contact angle measuring instrument, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other techniques. The experimental results show that the synergistic effect of dense petal-like micro-nano rough structures and stearic acid modification on the surface of stainless steel mesh endow the mesh with good superhydrophobicity, so the contact angle is even up to 170.3°. In addition, it had good performances of self-cleaning, anti-friction and oil-water separation. Its water contact angle was above 150.0° even after 230 cm friction distance. Its oil-water separation efficiency did not significantly decrease after 10 times of repeated use.
Effect of thulium boro-tellurite glass system on radiation shielding parameters
Authors:   Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Azuraida A. , Nurshahidah O. ,   Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Yusoff W. Y. W. ,   Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Falihan R. ,   Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Abdul-Manaf N. A. ,   Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Ahmad N. ,   Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, 57000 Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: April 2022

This article reports the influence of thulium oxide on gamma shielding parameters of (B2O3)0.2-x (TeO2)0.5 (Bi2O3)0.3 (Tm2O3)x glass system. The mass attenuation coefficient has been obtained by the WinXCom program, whereas the effective atomic number and the electron density have been calculated from a comprehensive and consistent set of formulas. Appreciable variations have been observed for all parameters by varying the chemical composition of the glass and the gamma photon energy. The theoretical results have shown that the addition of the rare-earth oxide, Tm2O3 into the glass system as the dopant attenuates more gamma irradiation and improves the radiation shielding properties of the glass system. The interactions between the photons and the glass materials have been explained by the Photoelectric Effect, Compton Scattering and Pair Production.