bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time course of the sensitivity and specificity of serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies for the diagnosis of symptomatic COVID-19 in Japan
Authors: Nakano Yuki , Kurano Makoto , Morita Yoshifumi , Shimura Takuya , Yokoyama Rin , Qian Chungen , Xia Fuzhen , He Fan , Kishi Yoshiro , Okada Jun , Yoshikawa Naoyuki , Nagura Yutaka , Okazaki Hitoshi , Moriya Kyoji , Seto Yasuyuki , Kodama Tatsuhiko , Yatomi Yutaka
Published: July 2020

The accurate and prompt diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is required for the control and treatment of the coronavirus infection disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we aimed to investigate the time courses of the anti-severe acute corona respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgM and IgG titers and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of such tests according to the specific day after the onset of COVID-19 among a patient population in Japan. We measured the titers of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG in sera from 100 subjects, including 26 symptomatic COVID-19 patients, using chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) methods utilizing magnetic beads coated with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and spike protein. The results of a ROC analysis suggested the possibility that the cutoff values in Japan might be lower than the manufacturer’s reported cutoff (10 AU/mL): 1 AU/mL for IgM and 5 AU/mL for IgG. The sensitivity of the test before Day 8 after symptom onset was less than 50%; at Days 9-10, however, we obtained a much higher sensitivity of 81.8% for both IgM and IgG. At 15 days or later after symptom onset, the SARS-CoV-2 IgG test had a sensitivity of 100%. These results suggest that if the number of days since disease onset is taken into consideration, these antibody tests could be very useful for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and similar diseases.
Influence of air temperature and humidity in the stable on the physiological parameters in horses: Preliminary study
Authors: JANCZAREK IWONA , STACHURSKA ANNA , WNUK-PAWLAK ELŻBIETA , WIŚNIEWSKA ANNA , WILK IZABELA , TKACZYK EWELINA , CIKACZ KATARZYNA
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to analyse selected air parameters in the stable (microclimate) and basic physiological parameters in horses maintained in this stable in different seasons of the year. The material consisted of 24 adult warmblood leisure horses maintained in two brick-built box stables. The technical parameters in the stables (air temperature and humidity in the hall and in two places in a box) were determined on the first day of summer, autumn, winter and spring in the same year. The measurements of each parameter were performed with an LB-518 wireless battery thermohygrometer Bluetooth BLE-LOGGER at noon in five places in the stable situated 300 cm apart from each other. The physiological parameters in horses, that is, the internal body temperature (Veterinär – Thermometer S.C. 12), the heart rate (Polar ELECTRO OY – RS800CX device with PolarProTrainer 5.0. software) and the respiratory rate (manual stopwatch), were measured at 6:00 and 18:00 every day of the test. It was found that the season of the year significantly influenced the microclimate of the stable. To maintain the optimal relative air humidity, the airing of the stable should be limited only in winter and partly in autumn. It should also be emphasised that the microclimate of the stable considerably influences the basic physiological horse parameters. A high temperature in the stable during summer may cause an adverse increase in the internal body temperature in the evening, whereas a high relative humidity can contribute to a decrease in the animal’s body temperature during winter. The other parameters, that is, the heart and respiratory rates, can be excessively elevated mainly in summer. Horses tend to have less difficulty maintaining proper levels of physiological parameters in winter, still less in autumn, and the least in spring.
Activation of sperm in the female reproductive tract in mammals
Authors: KRAWCZYK ALEKSANDRA , JAWORSKA-ADAMU JADWIGA
Published: July 2020

The formation of a new diploidal organism is preceded by a series of mutual interactions of haploidal gametes. This process is very complicated and requires the prior activation of reproductive cells. Male gametes eventually mature in the female reproductive tract, acquiring mobility and fertilization. This process takes place in two stages. Sperms are first capacitated. This phenomenon is reversible and leads to structural, cytophysiological and biochemical changes in the sperm plasma membrane as well as to the sperm hyperactivation. Then, due to the contact with the zona pellucida of the oocyte, the irreversible acrosome reaction occurs. This process involves the fusion of the sperm plasma membrane with the outer membrane of the acrosome, the release of enzymes and exposure of the inner acrosome membrane. This enables sperm to penetrate towards the perivitelline space and oolemma. Contact with the oocyte initiates a series of interactions leading to egg activation and the fusion of gametes. Each of these stages involves many different factors that result in the recognition, attraction and adhesion of reproductive cells. Knowledge about the activation mechanisms can improve the effectiveness of supported and controlled reproduction techniques.
História e Memórias da Educação Profissional no Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Ceres
Authors: Mendes Gustavo Oliveira , Fernandes Juliana Cristina da Costa , Baldino José Maria
Published: July 2020

A segunda metade da década de 1990 foi marcada por textos oficiais, incluindo a promulgação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN/1996) e decretos que sinalizaram para uma nova proposta de educação profissional. No bojo destas discussões, foi inaugurada, em 1994, a Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Ceres (EAFCe), locus desta pesquisa. Este artigo visa reconstituir a história dessa instituição de ensino, buscando as relações entre a fundamentação teórica e documentos oficiais com as narrativas memoriais de dois professores pioneiros, que fizeram parte da construção desta história, no período compreendido de 1995 a 2008. Para este propósito, foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa com entrevistas semiestruturadas gravadas em vídeo. Nos discursos, percebe-se o entrelaçamento da história da EAFCe com as narrativas dos pioneiros que permitiu conhecer particularidades de acontecimentos, recuperados em fragmentos de memórias preservadas que contribuíram para registros, da trajetória institucional e da educação profissional, que poderão ser transmitidos às novas gerações.
OS USOS DA NATUREZA E AMBIENTE NA COMUNIDADE DO GUARAGUAÇU COMO ELEMENTOS PARA UMA PROPOSTA EM TORNO DA AGROECOLOGIA EM PONTAL DO PARANÁ - PR
Authors: Haliski Antônio Marcio , Floriani Dimas , Floriani Nicolas
Published: July 2020

Os usos da natureza e ambiente tem sido objeto de análise de vários pesquisadores, pois refletem muitos (des)entendimentos e conflitos. Neste texto iremos abordar a apropriação socioambiental por atores locais em uma comunidade no litoral do Paraná, para que possamos evidenciar aquilo que entendemos como permanências e continuidades de práticas de usos dos recursos naturais ao longo dos anos. Metodologicamente utilizaremos a técnica de grupo focal e como consequência traremos elementos e fatores que influenciam nas continuidades ou rupturas de práticas. O resultado preliminar é o que estamos chamando de diagnóstico para a implantação da agroecologia.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA ADAPTAÇÃO ACADÊMICA NOS ASPECTOS PESSOAL, INTERPESSOAL, CARREIRA, ESTUDO E INSTITUCIONAL: ESTUDO NO IFPR FOZ DO IGUAÇU
Authors: Peron Vanessa Demarchi , Dechechi Eduardo Cesar , Bezerra Renata Camacho
Published: July 2020

O processo de adaptação do aluno ao contexto universitário é entendido como complexo e multidimensional. A não adaptação leva a índices insatisfatórios de desempenho acadêmico e ao aumento nos índices de evasão universitária - preocupação de instituições públicas e privadas. A satisfação do estudante estimula o aproveitamento das oportunidades ofertadas pela instituição, instiga a busca por aprofundamento dos conteúdos vistos em sala, motiva a participação de projetos de pesquisa e extensão, em programas de estágio, dentre outros - o que reflete em profissionais mais seguros e qualificados para o mercado de trabalho. Por isso, conhecer o nível de adaptação e satisfação é importante para a elaboração de ações que promovam melhorias internas, o direcionamento de estratégias institucionais, identificar novas oportunidades para atuação e garantir a preparação das equipes técnico-pedagógicas para um adequado acompanhamento. Ainda, permite que as equipes identifiquem casos mais críticos e dediquem atenção específica a estes alunos. Este estudo buscou conhecer os níveis de adaptação e vivências acadêmicas dos alunos do primeiro ano do ensino superior de uma instituição de ensino pública da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. Foi realizada uma pesquisa utilizando como instrumento a escala QVA-r (Questionário de Vivências Acadêmicas - versão reduzida). Composta por 60 questões, a escala avalia cinco dimensões, sendo elas: pessoal, interpessoal, carreira, estudo e institucional. Os resultados demonstraram que há simetria nos indicadores de adaptação entre os discentes dos três cursos da instituição. A dimensão “infraestrutura” obteve a melhor pontuação mostrando a satisfação dos alunos quanto a estrutura física do campus. Já a dimensão “estudo” foi apontada pelos participantes como a de maior dificuldade.
APRESENTAÇÃO DE INDICADORES AMBIENTAIS, SOCIAIS E ECONÔMICOS COMO SUBSÍDIO PARA DEFINIÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS NA REGIÃO DO LITORAL DO PARANÁ
Authors: Pinho Amanda Lameck , Weinert Wagner Rodrigo
Published: July 2020

O desenvolvimento infantil no primeiro ano de vida é marcado por notórias progressões no repertório individual. Este cenário se associa e recebe influências do contexto em que se insere a criança, ou seja, se associa a fatores econômicos, ambientais e sociais. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste no levantamento de indicadores relevantes para o mapeamento de atrasos no desenvolvimento destas crianças, que possibilitem subsidiar políticas públicas de atenção à saúde da criança. Trata-se de um estudo analítico, observacional, transversal e retrospectivo. Como metodologia, utilizou-se uma base de dados contendo informações de crianças de 0 a 12 meses de idade, de ambos os sexos, do município de Pontal do Paraná – Paraná. Os resultados encontrados apontam que os principais indicadores de atraso no desenvolvimento infantil foram: perímetro cefálico, idade materna, renda familiar de até um salário mínimo e destino do esgoto do tipo fossa rudimentar. A partir dos resultados obtidos, espera-se que as informações extraídas possam subsidiar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas voltadas para a saúde infantil, com o objetivo de reduzir casos de atraso no desenvolvimento que podem se perpetuar para o período de aprendizado escolar e até mesmo para a vida adulta. Além de ampliar a discussão dos fatores econômicos, ambientais e sociais no que se refere a esta etapa do desenvolvimento na primeira infância.
A APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA E A ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Felipe Ribeiro Giselle , Artuso Alysson Ramos
Published: July 2020

O estudo das temáticas e metodologias utilizadas no ambiente escolar é objeto de diversos pesquisadores, vista a importância da qualidade que se espera da educação e os resultados por ela alcançados. Uma educação sob uma perspectiva CTS, objetivando uma formação discente com destacado protagonismo, com um viés no desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico, precisa estar focada em um estudo crítico. Nesse contexto, a Alfabetização Científica e Tecnológica como uma tecnologia de ensino, busca esses novos caminhos, para que os alunos dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental possam, ainda no início de sua vida acadêmica, estreitar esse conhecimento científico e se apropriar do uso das tecnologias, para que nos anos subsequentes realmente haja uma continuidade em sua aprendizagem. E a Aprendizagem Significativa vem reforçar esses objetivos, com um pensar estruturado sobre a construção gradativa do conhecimento, onde o aluno seja o ator principal e, ao mesmo tempo, aprenda ensinando e ensine aprendendo, abandonando os velhos paradigmas e criando novos jeitos de aprender.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA: UMA PROPOSTA ATRAVÉS DO PIBID
Authors: Fávaro Vitor Hugo Alexandrino , Magno Felipe Henrique , França Delane Nunes , Barbosa Mateus Henrique da Veiga , Beckerle Bruno De Sá , Portela Caroline Dorada Pereira
Published: July 2020

Este artigo é um estudo acerca da alfabetização científica que tem como objetivo formar cidadãos críticos, questionadores e lógicos, através de propostas de ensino desenvolvidas pelos bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), subprojeto Multidisciplinar, do Instituto Federal do Paraná (IFPR), campus Paranaguá, utilizando-se de intervenções aplicadas no primeiro e segundo anos do ensino médio técnico integrado do próprio IFPR pelo viés do ensino por investigação. Na turma do primeiro ano, o tema abordado foi queda livre, enquanto na turma do segundo ano foi abordado a dilatação dos corpos. Objetivando o processo de alfabetização científica discute-se sobre propostas de ensino inovadoras e a possibilidade de implementação das mesmas no cotidiano de sala de aula. Uma reflexão acerca do discurso que um professor deve ter e a importância da promoção da argumentação em atividades investigativas também são abordadas. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa e de análises experimentais propostas aos estudantes. Nas intervenções realizadas os alunos passaram de coadjuvantes para vozes ativas dentro de sala de aula, portanto, isto resultou em educandos instigados na investigação científica proposta. O papel dos aplicadores neste caso foi apresentar questionamentos para criar condições para que ocorra a argumentação, promovendo a alfabetização científica.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA ESCOLA PARA A PREVENÇÃO DO SUICÍDIO: UM ENFOQUE NOS FATORES DE RISCO
Authors: Prado Aneliana Da Silva , Pinto Leandro Rafael
Published: July 2020

O suicídio é um problema de saúde pública e de saúde mental, sendo responsável por um alto índice de mortalidade em todo o mundo, principalmente na população jovem. Contudo, apesar de seu impacto ainda é um assunto tabu e pouco se fala sobre o tema. É possível prevenir o suicídio e ações de conscientização, psicoeducação e intervenção adequada podem contribuir na redução de mortes por suicídio. O ambiente escolar tem se mostrado como lócus privilegiado para isso, segundo as pesquisas e os órgãos de saúde. Diante disso, este trabalho objetiva apresentar a promoção de saúde mental no ambiente escolar como estratégia relevante para promoção e valorização da vida. Para tanto, realizou-se uma breve descrição sobre o comportamento suicida e seus fatores de risco, especialmente no que se refere à população jovem, a fim de elucidar os pontos de atenção em que a escola pode atuar, além de esclarecer alguns mitos sobre o fenômeno. Apresenta-se também alguns sinais de alerta que podem ser observados nesta população. A partir de uma perspectiva biopsicossocial e cultural, pretendeu-se com este trabalho indicar a necessidade de a comunidade escolar atentar para importância do cuidado em saúde mental não apenas enquanto conteúdo informativo no currículo, mas principalmente também enquanto prática educativa, no cuidado com os estudantes e também dos próprios profissionais de educação.
A EVOLUÇÃO DO PENSAMENTO SOCIAL SOBRE O AUTISMO: UMA ANÁLISE A LEI 3.760/2018 DO MUNICÍPIO DE PARANAGUÁ
Authors: De Lima da Silva Maria Zildomar , Ramos Artuso Alysson
Published: July 2020

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) há décadas vem gerando inúmeras discussões e debates no seio social, na área de saúde, da medicina, da psicologia, da Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade, bem como de outras esferas correlatas. Nesse ínterim, surgiram discussões quanto à proteção jurídica e as ações provenientes do Estado que podem auxiliar na inserção e convivência harmoniosa da pessoa com autismo no seio social. Os debates relacionados ao autismo tem se intensificado no decorrer dos anos, gerando assim a propositura de políticas públicas e leis que possam ser capazes de garantir a pessoa com autismo o direito fundamental à dignidade da pessoa humana, assim como, estimular a criação e manutenção de práticas positivas emanadas do Poder Público para promover a conscientização da sociedade como um todo. Em 2018, o Município de Paranaguá, através de seu Poder Legislativo editou a Lei 3.760, que dispõe de medidas e políticas públicas especificamente voltadas para o autismo. O referido diploma legal trata de várias práticas a serem desenvolvidas no Município de Paranaguá, objetivando a conscientização da população parnanguara no que diz respeito a um tema tão importante, que abrange diversos segmentos da sociedade, qual seja, o autismo. Portanto, a análise proposta visa entender as implicações desta norma jurídica na sociedade.
NA VELA E NO LAMPIÃO: um vislumbre epistemológico sobre a indisponibilidade de energia elétrica em nove comunidades tradicionais de pecadores artesanais de Guaraqueçaba – Paraná.
Authors: Pinto Erickson Costa , Souza Roberto Martins
Published: July 2020

Nossa pretensão com a elaboração deste artigo consiste na discussão do seguinte questionamento: Por que não há disponibilidade de energia elétrica em nove comunidades tradicionais de pescadores artesanais e caiçaras de Guaraqueçaba, via rede de distribuição da concessionária de energia elétrica? Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental demonstra-se que a concepção preservacionista subjacente ao modelo importado do hemisfério norte adotado na implantação dos Parques Nacionais (PARNAS) no território brasileiro, é um fator preponderante para a legitimação da negligenciação das condições dignas de existência dos sujeitos destas comunidades. Por isso, procuramos demonstrar a gênese da concepção preservacionista para a preservação do meio ambiente, para construir um debate com a concepção sobre a conservação da natureza que considera o ser humano como um colaborador do processo. Porém, parece-nos que a compreensão advinda do modelo de racionalidade ocidental sobre os modos de vida dos sujeitos oriundos de comunidades tradicionais, evidenciada no estudo de Fischer (2004), também contribui para que a energia elétrica ainda não esteja disponível nestas nove comunidades. Como alternativa para a superação das totalidades hegemônicas e excludentes apresentadas neste estudo, propomos outro modelo de racionalidade para analisar esta problemática, que é o modelo de racionalidade cosmopolita apresentado por Boaventura de Souza Santos.
ESPERANÇA NO TRABALHO RESULTADOS DE UMA PESQUISA HOPE AT WORK RESULTS OF A RESEARCH
Authors: Costa Elaine De Souza
Published: July 2020

Elaine de Souza Costa[1] Fernando Toledo Ferraz[2]  Resumo: Este artigo é resultante de pesquisa realizada em estudos de mestrado, cujo foco principal esteve sobre a Felicidade e o Bem-Estar na Gestão do Trabalho. Partiu do pressuposto que os trabalhadores precisam encontrar uma dimensão de valor entre as atividades que realizam e os resultados que recebem de seus empregadores e gestores como resposta e espelho sobre este trabalho realizado. Através das publicações científicas consultadas, foram observados indícios de que para as pessoas alcançarem estágios de felicidade e bem-estar, passam por rotas internas de expectativas, resiliência, adaptação e esperança, que são os caminhos de aprendizado e estímulo por onde os indíviduos se movem para o atingimento de metas. A Esperança encontra-se no cerne dos caminhos levantados pela Psicologia Positiva, organizada por Martin Seligman a partir de 1998 ao tomar posse da APA (American Psychological Association).  O psicólogo a partir desta data, com a contribuição de diversos pesquisadores, verificou que em todas as culturas e religiões do mundo, há um compartilhamento dos mesmos conceitos sobre as capacidades internas humanas, que foram classificadas pela Psicologia Positiva como Forças e Virtudes. Os caminhos da Esperança encontram-se dentro desses grupos de forças e virtudes estudados por esta psicologia mais recente, em sendas que levam os indivíduos a pensar e analisar as situações por todos os ângulos em busca de resolução de problemas e atingimento de metas que conduzam ao bem-estar, felicidade e qualidade de vida.Palavras-Chave: Esperança. Esperança Disposicional. Bem-Estar  [1] Mestre em Sistemas de Gestão pela Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF, Niterói/RJE-mail: elainemaebineri@gmail.com[2] Doutor em Engenharia de Produção, Professor do Departamento de Engenharia de Produção e Mestrado em Sistemas de Gestão da Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF, RJ. E-mail: fernandoferraz@id.uff.br
El Mahragan como espacio fronterizo
Authors: García José Sánchez
Published: July 2020

Este artículo ofrece un enfoque alternativo para analizar experiencias sociales, políticas y culturales como el Mahragan, situadas en estructuras de poder asimétricas históricamente construidas, más allá de las dicotomías epistemológicamente dominantes que contrastan entre islam y modernidad. Me propongo entonces, a partir experiencias etnográficas con grupos juveniles de la ciudad de El Cairo desde el año 1999, un ensayo antropológico-histórico que permitirá comprender, además de la propia marginalización del universo cultural shabi, las relaciones de poder establecidas en la estructura social egipcia.  Estos puntos de partida hacen que el Mahragan aparezca como un encuentro histórico, una respuesta de las personas jóvenes egipcias que hunde raíces en tradiciones musicales pasadas, para transcender lo que identificamos como modernidad colonial, dentro de los contextos islámicos. A través de los análisis de la música Mahragan, analizaremos la dinámica de la dialéctica de colonización-descolonización para profundizar en la comprensión de los espacios simbólicos de la frontera como los creados en las periferias cairotas.
Introdução ao Dossiê
Authors: Raposo Otávio , Sedano Livia Jimenez , Wilson Lima Redy
Published: July 2020

Introdução ao Dossiê Juventudes, Decolonialidades e Estéticas Insurgentes
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Low Free Testosterone Levels in Japanese Men with Well-controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Yoshino Yusuke , Koga Ichiro , Wakabayashi Yoshitaka , Kitazawa Takatoshi , Ota Yasuo
Published: July 2020

Background:

The change in the prevalence of hypogonadism with age in men with human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is subject to debate.

Objective:

To address this issue, we diagnosed hypogonadism based on serum levels of free testosterone
(fTST) rather than total testosterone which is thought to be an inaccurate indicator. We also
determined the relationship between age and fTST levels and identified risk factors for hypogonadism
in men with HIV infection.

Method:

We retrospectively reviewed fTST levels and associated clinical factors in 71 wellcontrolled
HIV-infected men who were treated at Teikyo University Hospital between April 2015
and March 2016 and who had data available on serum fTST levels, measured >6 months after starting
antiretroviral therapy. fTST was measured using radioimmunoassay on blood samples collected
in the morning. Risk factors for hypogonadism were identified using Welch’s t-test and multiple regression
analysis.

Results:

The men had a mean (± standard deviation) age of 47.4 ± 13.6 years, and mean (± standard
deviation) serum fTST level of 13.0 ± 6.1 pg/mL. Fifteen (21.1%) men had hypogonadism based on
a fTST <8.5 pg/mL. Serum fTST levels significantly decreased with age (−0.216 pg/mL/year).
Older age and low hemoglobin levels were identified as risk factors for hypogonadism.

Conclusion:

The men in the study experienced a more rapid decline in fTST levels with age than
men in the general population (−0.161 pg/mL/year). Serum fTST levels in men with HIV infection
should be monitored, especially in older men and those with low hemoglobin levels.
A New Precursor for the Radiosynthesis of 6-O-(2-[18F]Fluoroethyl)-6-Odesmethyl- diprenorphine ([18F]FE-DPN) by Nucleophilic Radiofluorination
Authors: Marton János , Cumming Paul , Bauer Beate , Henriksen Gjermund
Published: July 2020

:

We present the preparation of the new precursor 6-O-(2-tosyloxyethoxy)-6-O-desmethyl-3-
O-trityl-diprenorphine (TE-TDDPN) for a one-pot, two-step nucleophilic radiosynthesis of 6-O-(2-
[18F]fluoroethyl-6-O-desmethyl-diprenorphine ([18F]FE-DPN). The route to the precursor consists of a
five-step synthesis starting from diprenorphine. We also provide alternative synthesis routes for the
cold reference standard and the complete 1H- and 13C-NMR assignment of the prepared derivatives.
CORONAVIRUS and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Perspective
Authors: Pawar Harshal Ashok , Pawar Anjali Harshal , Pawar Sandip Ashok , Pawar Prashant Ashok
Published: July 2020

Coronavirus (CoV) is an enveloped positive-sense RNA virus. Coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease, induced by a new type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2.
COVID-19 has originated in China and spread quickly all over the world. WHO acknowledged the
outbreak of a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The spread of COVID-19 signified a big threat
to social life, the economy, and public health. As of April 14, 2020, WHO reported a total of
1,812,734 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 113,675 (6.27 %) deaths throughout the world. Numerous
nations around the globe took assorted measures because of the danger of SARS-CoV-2 and
created wide-ranging preventive approaches. No particular drug or vaccines/antibodies are yet accessible
for the treatment of this unforeseen and lethal illness. The pandemic has brought about
travel limitations and across the country lockdowns in most of the nations. The objective behind
this article was to provide recent updates and well-authenticated information to the scientific community,
health care personnel’s and common public about Coronavirus, their types, characteristic
features, structure and origin, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnostic
methods, drug development approach, prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
VOLUNTEERISM ACTIVITIES TOWARDS PLACE MAKING: CASE STUDY PITT STREET, PENANG
Authors: Abd Rahim Muhd Nadzmi , Mohamad Diana
Published: July 2020

Through the World Giving Index 2014 Survey by the Charities Aid Foundation (CAF), Malaysia is ranked 76th out of 160 countries in terms of willingness to spend time to engage in volunteerism, provide financial assistance to others and be prepared to help non-Malaysian citizens (Lili Wang & Robert Ashcraft, 2014). Place making is a concept used in the planning, design and management of public-spaces in urban areas development; where it influences social development of a location. Volunteering activities should be determined by the type, place and time of a place where the activity is conducted. This study focuses on the UNESCO World Heritage Site in Penang (Malaysia) namely Street Pitt. Questionnaire survey was conducted in order to understand the sociability and volunteerism activity of the study area. The variables include types and frequency of volunteerism, level of involvement and factors influencing place making. The finding shows that Street Pitt manages to be one of the places that apply all elements contained in the concept of making place. In the social aspect, this area has become a popular volunteerism activity and also one of the most visited tourist spots.
IMPORTANCE-PERFORMANCE MATRIX ANALYSIS OF KOTA BHARU’S ISLAMIC CITY IMAGE
Authors: Hassan Hasnina , Omar Shida Irwana , Ahmad Ghazali
Published: July 2020

In 2005, Kota Bharu as the Kelantan state capital in Malaysia was rebranded from a Cultural City to an Islamic City and projecting its image as an Islamic identity. Limited studies have been undertaken to assess city image from the perspective of visitors. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the perception of visitors on the importance and performance of the Islamic city image of Kota Bharu. Data were gathered using a self-administered survey questionnaire among domestic and international visitors in Kota Bharu in 2018. The questionnaire was prepared based on ten categories of Islamic Built Environmental factors, namely; natural environment, social need and human comfort, religious identity, tolerance, layout, elements of Jannah (paradise), intellectual and knowledge, cleanliness, economic system, and safety setting. The data were analysed quantitatively using partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that visitors considered "Religious Identity" as the most important attribute which reached a satisfactory level, while other factors also needed to be addressed. The findings are expected to contribute to a better understanding of stakeholders in enhancing the image of Islam Bharu for management and marketing purposes.
RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF LIVABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF QUAID-E-AZAM TOWN (TOWNSHIP), LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Amin Siddiqa , Islam Hafiza Saba , Haseeb Attiya , Saleemi Atia
Published: July 2020

Livability is a concept that has various dimensions and is used to measure the Quality of Life (QOL). In the context of Pakistan, most of the cities/neighbourhoods are not planned to look like livable cities/neighbourhoods. Lahore, the capital of Punjab, was ranked at 199th position in 2015 as per Economist Intelligent Unit’s (EIU) livability ranking. This research article focused on a planned neighbourhood (Quaid-e-Azam Town (Township) Scheme) to assess the perception of residents’ regarding livability in their area. A framework of research has been developed based on seven indicators of livability: Housing, Neighbourhood, Transportation, Environment, Health, Engagement, and Opportunities. A total 998 respondents were surveyed for each indicator and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The analysis showed that Health and Environmental indicators are at the lowest level as compared to other indicators of livability. Moreover, livability can be improved if road networks are made efficient and recreational activities are increased as livable neighbourhoods can help to improve the QOL of residents, which is one of the determining factors in achieving liveability in general and QOL as whole.
English Foreign Language Teachers’ Pedagogical Beliefs: Traditional Teaching and Language Socialisation
Authors: Khatmah Alanazi
Published: July 2020

Teachers’ beliefs play a key role in the selection of language teaching methodologies. They affect teachers’ pedagogical practices and behaviors and are, consequently, integral in shaping the language learning classroom environment. This study investigates the beliefs of teachers of English as a Foreign Language in relation to the concepts of traditional teaching method (e.g., Grammar-Translation Method) and language socialisation which emphasises the importance of socialization within social norms of the target community through exposure and interaction. The study uses questionnaire and interview to examine the beliefs of 28 teachers about language teaching methods in a Saudi higher education context. The findings revealed that, despite the fact that teachers continue to believe in traditional teaching methods, they show considerable support for language socialisation in language learning. Therefore, the findings suggest the need for teachers to explore their beliefs on teaching the foreign language and creating teachers’ awareness of teaching methodologies (e.g., awareness of factors associated with language socialisation such as interaction and the focus on meaning rather than form).
A Study of the English Commentary Translation of Chongzuo Zhuang Museum from the Perspective of Skopos Theory
Authors: Zhenying Li , Yiyun Chen
Published: July 2020

In recent years, China’s tourism industry has continuously promoted economic development. Therefore, the translation of tourism commentary is becoming increasingly important. The museum’s English commentary translation plays an irreplaceable role as an important medium for disseminating cultural knowledge and informing foreign friends. However, we don’t think highly of the English commentary translation, there are many grammatical and general errors, which hinders foreigners from getting the correct and accurate information. Wrong English commentary is not only harmful for cultural transmission but also bad for expanding opening-up. Chinese English translations are rarely translated on the basis of theory, which hinders the development of theoretical studies on Chinese translation. This thesis mainly focuses on the research and analysis of the English commentary in the Chongzuo Zhuang Museum. And it researches and analyzes the English commentary translation from the perspective of Skopos teleology. And it will enrich domestic research on teleological translation theory.
CONTRIBUTION OF PHARMACIST FOR TRANSFORMING GLOBAL HEALTH CARE SYSTEM: ROLES AND OPPURTUNITIES
Authors: QADRIE ZULFKAR LATIEF , WANI SHAHID UD DIN , GAUTAM SURYA PRAKASH
Published: July 2020

Fifty years ago, the essential job of drug specialists has only been to apportion solutions. Giving clinical drug store administrations at the medical clinics' wards spoke to the development of the calling. Be that as it may, the social insurance framework, around the world, is persistently creating. Today, the drug specialist's unmistakable new jobs have emphatically added to human services and society around the world. Drug specialists are presently accepting more prominent accountability for patients' wellbeing status and advancing the results of medication use. They give human services counsel and oversee interminable ailments. Different orders of social insurance where particular drug specialists are utilized to incorporate oncology offices, irresistible sickness control, general wellbeing, medicate data, toxicology and toxic substance control, atomic medication, and sustenance support. In any case, a fitting determination, instruction, preparing and workforce arranging to speak to an essential for the cutting edge drug store jobs. Specific instruction programs are required. New drug specialists should be appropriately qualified. By and by, rehearsing drug specialists need to adjust the essential information and required aptitudes, therefore, they can build up their training and jobs to address evolving issues.
A REVIEW ON NICOTINE FOR HEALTH: INSIGHT FOR “PRO-HEALTH” NICOTINE USAGE
Authors: PRIBADI FLORENCE , SANTOSA RAHAJOE IMAM , DARMANTO ARIEF GUNAWAN
Published: July 2020

Nicotine is a major chemical of tobacco that makes smokers having difficulties to stop consuming cigarette. That chemical is an alkaloid-based plant and known for one of the major compound of cigarette. Many researches showed the negative side of nicotine. In contrast, a recent study showed the benefits of nicotine. Some researches proved that nicotine has high possibility to improve the depressive behavior both in animal models and human subject. In addition, more research also proved that nicotine has cognitive-enhancing effects, which means it has the ability to improve the function of working memory, episodic memory, attention, and fine motor function. The current review deliberates about the good side and the diversity usage of nicotine, particularly in medicine, as novel therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
BLACK CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA) EFFECT ON EXPRESSION OF TNF-α, IL-2, DANsFlt-1IN PREECLAMPTIC MODEL RATS
Authors: MARPAUNG JOHNY , SIREGAR M. F. G. , SITEPU MAKMUR , BACHTIAR ADANG
Published: July 2020

Objective: To prove the effect of giving black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) to decrease levels of TNF-α, IL-2, sFlt-1, and in PE model mice.

Methods: This study is an analytical study with true experimental research design in laboratory mice (Rattus norvegicus) pregnant female has given black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day and 2000 mg/kg/day. The treatment of all samples was carried out simultaneously and during the treatment was observed using the type of Postest Only Control Group Design. To assess whether the sample is normally distributed or not the Shapiro-Wilk test was carried out because the sample was ≤50. To assess the comparison of parameters (differences in expression of IL-2, sFlt-1, and TNF-α) between groups, the ANOVA test was used if the data were normally distributed and the Kruskal Wallis test if the data were not normally distributed.

Results: From these results, it can be seen that there are significant differences in the administration of black cumin extract on TNF-α, IL-2, andsFlt-1 expression (p<0.001); the administration of black cumin extract can reduce TNF-α, IL-2, and sFlt-1 expression in preeclampsia mice. The administration of 2000 mg black cumin extract can reduce TNF-α and IL-2 expression more significantly.

Conclusion: Black cumin can reduce levels of TNF-α, IL-2, sFlt-1 in models mice with preeclampsia (p<0.001).
EFFECT OF PSQI SCORE ON ADMINISTRATION MELATONIN IN PERIMENOPAUSE WOMEN
Authors: VEBRIAN HANDRI R. , GANISSIREGAR MUHAMMAD FIDEL , ADENIN ICHWANUL , SIHITE HERBERT , ARDIANSYAH EDY , DINA SARAH , EYANOER PUTRI C.
Published: July 2020

Objective: Determine the effect of melatonin administration on sleep quality perimenopausal women based on PSQI and compare the results of PSQI before and after treatment.

Methods: This study uses an experimental analytic study with Case Control design to determine the effect of melatonin administration on sleep quality perimenopausal women based on PSQI and compare the results of PSQI before and after treatment. This research was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. The study population was all perimenopausal women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This research was conducted from February to March 2020 with a sample of 25 people.

Results: PSQI scores in the control group by age were 4.0±1.0 in the age group>50 y from 8.0±1.0; 2.17±1.62 in the group with tertiary education from 5.83±1.69; 2.56±1.67 in the non-working group of 6.44±1.51 and 2.31±1.6 in the multipara group of 6.0±1.58. From the analysis results obtained a value of P<0.001. This also showed a significant difference in the PSQI score in the control group. significant differences in PSQI values ​​in the control group and melatonin group in the case group before getting melatonin (p<0.001), whereas after administering melatonin, no difference in PSQI score was found in the groups that received melatonin and the control group (p = 0.657)

Conclusion: There are differences in PSQI scores in the case group before and after the administration of melatonin, in the control group who did not get melatonin and the difference in PSQI scores in the case group and the control group before treatment, but there were no differences in PSQI score in the case and control groups after treatment.
BLACK CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA) EFFECT ON BLOOD PRESSURE, MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE, PROTEINURIA IN PREECLAMPTIC MODEL RATS
Authors: MARPAUNG JOHNY , SIREGAR M. F. G. , SITEPU MAKMUR , BACHTIAR ADANG
Published: July 2020

Objective: This research aimed to show effect of black cumin (nigella sativa) on blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), proteinuria in preeclamptic model rats.

Methods: This is analytical research with true experimental design in laboratory pregnant female rats (Rattus norvegicus), which get black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day and 2000 mg/kg/day. Treatment of all samples was performed simultaneously and during the treatment was observed using Postest Only Control Group Design. The research was conducted at Biology Laboratory in July 2019. To assess the comparison of parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and proteinuria) between groups the ANOVA test was used if the data were normally distributed and Kruskal Wallis test was used if the data were abnormally distributed.

Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and MAP decreased in preeclampsia models rats by administering 500 mg (P1) and 2000 mg (cumin) black cumin extract (P2). However, a dose of 2000 mg black cumin extract had a more significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and MAP. The results of this research indicate that all treatment groups showed improvement after day 9 of the administration of nigella that no treatment group showed proteinuria.

Conclusion: Black cumin is proven to reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Mean Arterial Pressure and proteinuria.
Wiedenbach Need for Help and Swanson Caring Model on Nursing Care of Prolonged Second Stage of Labour
Authors: Susanti Henny Dwi
Published: July 2020

The second stage of labour is defined as the period from full dilatation of the cervix to the birth of the baby. Prolonged Second Stage of labour greater than 2 hours in primiparous women and greater than 1 hours in multiparous. Nursing management for women with prolonged second stage of labour is providing nursing care both physical and psychological aspec. Case study focused on Wiedenbach Need for Help and Swanson Caring Model on nursing care of prolonged second stage of labour. Applications of Swanson and Wiedenbach theory are implemented and managed to help problem solving for 5 mothers case with prolonged second stage of labour. Therefore nursing emergency action must be done properly and quickly by using the theory of "Need for help" Wiedenbach. With developing the workings of team work , standard setting or pathway of each area so that in case of emergency measures to help can be optimally
Work Stress at Nurses in Dahlia II Ngudi Waluyo Public Hospital Blitar
Authors: Fata Ulfa Husnul
Published: July 2020

Work stress is the distress ecperienced by nurses in the face of work. Job stress ecperienced by nurses if not addressed it will impact on the poor performance and quality of services provided. The purpose of the study was to provide an oveview of nurses work stress in Dahlia II Ngudi Waluyo Hospital Blitar. The method of this study was descriptive with respondents are all nurses at Dahlia II Ngudi Waluyo Blitar with sample size of 22 respondents. The data collection used questionnaires. The result of this study showed that64% of female respondents experienced work stress moderate category, 32,5% of respondents who experienced stress ages were in the range of age 36 – 45 years old, 73% of respondents with level of education was Diploma of Nursing experienced moderate stress, 46% of respondents with working period of 2 – 10 years experience moderate stress, and 59% of respondents who experienced moderate stress category of being a merried respondents. The importants to identifying the work stress at the nurses in the inpatient unit in order to determine the level of work stress experienced and immediately seek solutions to reduce the stress level of nureses in the patient unit. Therefore, management of the stress training was considered important to reduce the stress of nurses in the inpatient unit.
Disparitas Putusan Hakim dalam Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Putra A.A Ngr Rai Anjasmara , Sepud I Made , Sujana I Nyoman
Published: July 2020

Disparitas dalam bahasa indonesia memiliki arti perbedaan, dalam ilmu hukum disparitas (disparity of sentencing)  yaitu perbedaan putusan yang di jatuhkan oleh hakim dalam suatu tindak pidana yang sama, Hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan sering terjadi disparitas ini atau adanya perbedaan dalam suatu putusan dalam kasus yang sama. Salah satunya dalam kasus tindak pidana Narkotika dimana ada pelaku yang di jatuhi pidana penjara dan ada pelaku yang di jatuhi putusan rehabilitasi dalam hal ini seorang hakim haruslah memiliki pemahaman dan pandangan bahwa seorang penyalahgunaan Narkotika adalah korban yang harus di sembuhkan dari penyakit ketergantungan. Dalam proses persidangan hakim memiliki wewenang dalam memeriksa dan memutus lalu dalam memutus perkara hakim memiliki pertimbangan yang dimana bisa memberatkan ataupun meringankan tersangka agar terciptanya keadilan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana kewenangan seorang hakim dalam memutus tindak pidana dan Dasar pertimbangan hakim sehingga terjadi disparitas putusan dalam tindak pidana Narkotika. Metode yang digunakan merupakan tipe penelitian Normatif dengan melakukan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus yang dianalisis menggunakan teknik bersifat sistematis dengan disajikan secara deskriptif-analitis dibantu dengan sumber bahan hukum yang dikumpulkan lalu ditafsirkan. Hakim dalam tindak pidana narkotika berwenang untuk memeriksa alat bukti, keterangan saksi, keterangan terdakwa,dan keterangan ahli dan dalam memutus tindak pidana narkotika hakim berwenang untuk menentukan terdakwa di rehabilitasi atau dipidana penjara beranjak ke Dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam memutus disparitas terhadap tindak pidana narkotika disebabkan adanya perbuatan berbeda yang dilakukan oleh terdakwa dimana jika terdakwa hanya sebagai pengguna maka putusan yang diterima akan lebih ringan dan jika terdakwa sebagai pengedar maka akan memberatkan hukumannya
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Saksi Pelaku Yang Bekerjasama (Justice Collaborator) dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Bou Antonius Yoseph , Sujana I Nyoman , Sukadana I Ketut
Published: July 2020

Korupsi merupakan salah satu jenis kejahatan tertentu yang bersifat serius di karenakan korupsi dapat menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi sebuah Negara yang mengancam kelangsungan pembangunan dalam segala aspek sebuah Negara, sehingga jelas dibutuhkan sebuah penanganan yang bersifat luar biasa. Keterlibatan seorang saksi sekaligus sebagai  pelaku merupakan sebuah terobosan yang dapat membantu aparat penegak hukum dalam mengungkap rumitnya tindak pidana korupsi. Pilihan untuk bertindak sebagai seorang saksi sekaligus sebagai pelaku yang membantu atau bekerja sama dengan aparat penegak hukum merupakan sebuah pilihan penuh risiko untuk itu memang disadari perlunya sebuah konsep perlindungan bagi seorang saksi sekaligus sebagai pelaku yang bekerjasama sehingga mereka yang disebut sebagai saksi sekaligus sebagai pelaku ini dapat memberikan keterangan yang dibutuhkan secara bebas tanpa rasa takut dari ancaman atau intimidasi pihak-pihak yang secara langsung dirugikan oleh karena kesaksian yang diberikan tersebut. Berdasarkan uraian diatas diangkat permasalahan yang akan menjadi pokok bahasan selanjutnya yang dianggap perlu untuk sebuah ruang pembelajaran seputar pelaku yang bertindak sebagai saksi, adapun permasalahan tersebut yaitu: bagaimana pengaturan hukum bagi seorang saksi yang juga sebagai pelaku yang membantu aparat penegak hukum dalam mengungkap sebuah perkara korupsi dan bagaimana jaminan pemerintah untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi saksi dan juga sebagai pelaku dalam perkara korupsi. Untuk menjawab permasalahan ini digunakan metode penelitian normatif yaitu dengan melakukan pendekatan perundang-undangan yang mengkaji peraturan perundang – undangan yang berlaku dan melakukan pendekatan konseptual yaitu mengkaji bahan – bahan kepustakaan dalam bentuk teori – teori dan pendapat para pakar hukum. Pengaturan hukum bagi seorang saksi sekaligus sebagai pelaku diatur dalam beberapa peraturan perundang – undangan yang memberikan dasar – dasar pedoman seputaran saksi dan juga pelaku yang bekerja sama dalam pengungkapan kasus korupsi, adapun peraturan – peraturan tersebut dapat kita temukan dalam undang – undang perlindungan saksi dan korban dimana memberikan sebuah jaminan adanya kepastian hukum yang merupakan ciri dari hukum itu sendiri dikarenakan tanpa kepastian hukum tidak mungkin dicapainya cita hukum yaitu adanya keadilan.