bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The White Sands of Tutong: A high-quality silica sand deposit from Borneo
Authors: Gödeke Stefan Herwig , Asri’ Akmal Hj Suhip Muhammad , Jaya Afiq Aiman
Published: February 2025

The iconic White Sands of Tutong in Brunei Darussalam, located on the island of Borneo, have long been heralded as a potential source of glass sand. As Brunei Darussalam tries to diversify its economy, these sand deposits have come into focus as a mineral resource for sustainable development. The white glass sand deposits represent an ancient beach dune system in the Tutong district of Brunei Darussalam, where they are most extensively found. While the sand is often devoid of vegetation, it also supports a rare tropical heath forest, covering an area of around 13 km2 with an average depth of 3 m. Grain size analysis was conducted on selected samples using laser diffraction, and grain size statistical parameters were calculated using Folk and Ward method. The results show that the Tutong White Sand can be characterised as a moderately well sorted fine sand, with symmetrical graphic skewness and mesokurtic graphic kurtosis. The X-Ray Fluorescence (RFA) analysis from the samples revealed that the sand consists of >99.5 wt% SiO2, 0.05 wt% Fe2O3 and between 0.05 and 0.1 wt% TiO2. A glass melt produced from samples showed that the glass was almost clear with only a slight discolouration. Thus, it can be concluded that the White Sands of Tutong are a high-quality quartz sand deposits and, based on its purity, compare well with other international high quality quartz sands deposit.
Brief Survey on Collaborative and Non-Collaborative Behaviors in Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Vecliuc Dumitru-Daniel
Published: February 2025

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) are extensively studied and defined differently in literature. A MAS can be described as an environment with multiple agents that interact with each other or the environment, following predetermined rules to achieve individual or shared goals. This work represents a survey focused on collaborative and non-collaborative behaviors within MAS. The survey presents the key characteristics, benefits and drawbacks of each behavior type and provides a structured review of the literature, emphasizing on the applications of these behaviors in different domains. Understanding these behaviors in MAS can have benefits in both academic research and day-to-day life. This understanding may help researchers and practitioners to design and implement MAS and to provide guidance for different behaviors that may be suitable based on specific scenarios.
Study Upon the Influence of Mobile Phone Communication Technology on Sar Distribution
Authors: Oprea Petronela-Camelia , Păuleţ Marius Valerian , Sălceanu Alexandru
Published: February 2025

From the multitude of electromagnetic field sources that are part of our daily environment, wireless communications occupy a dominant position. Among the devices that use this type of communications, the closest to our hearts (both literally and figuratively) is the mobile phone. This accumulation of radio frequency electromagnetic waves is absorbed (partially) by the bodies they encounter, resulting in their heating. This unwanted increase in temperature is most faithfully illustrated by the distribution of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) parameter. The most accurate results can be provided by “in silico” tests, simulations performed with the help of human phantoms obtained with the help of slices provided by Computer Tomograph (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technologies. In our paper, comparative results of the SAR distribution obtained around the heart are presented, for 6 distinct situations. Conclusions and useful recommendations are presented, resulted from these simulations developed in CST Studio Suite.
Real-Time Asphalt Pothole Detection Using the YOLOv5 Algorithm and the Nvidia Jetson Nano Embedded Board
Authors: Obreja Marius-Emanuel , Dobrea Dan-Marius , Ibănişteanu Rareş-Petru
Published: February 2025

The present scientific research focuses on the creation of a system for detecting potholes in asphalt to avoid traffic accidents. The motivation for choosing this topic of wide interest comes from the desire to apply the new modern technologies of artificial intelligence and deep learning in an extremely important field of road safety. The use of platforms and systems based on artificial intelligence in smart cities by correctly and quickly detecting potholes in asphalt is very important for autonomous vehicles. To achieve this goal, we used the YOLOv5 algorithm, one for real-time object detection, and the built-in Jetson Nano system, a powerful and efficient platform for AI applications. The final goal of this project is to develop a high-performance system that can recognize and classify potholes in asphalt from images and video streams in real time, with as much precision as possible and that can be used in smart cars.
Syn-volcanic melt-rock reactions recorded in peridotitic xenoliths from Scania, S Sweden
Authors: Kukuła Anna , Matusiak-Małek Magdalena , Mikrut Jakub , Ntaflos Theodoros , Johansson Leif
Published: February 2025

Peridotite xenoliths from Scania (S Sweden), brought to the surface by Mesozoic basanitic magmas, provide insights into the lithospheric mantle underlying the East European Craton. During their ascent, some of the entrained xenoliths were infiltrated by a Si-undersaturated melt. The infiltration triggered orthopyroxene dissolution and the formation of fine-grained olivine, clinopyroxene and Si-rich glasses (trachytic/trachydacitic and dacitic). The latter interacted with clinopyroxene and/or spinel creating spongy rims of various thicknesses (from few to hundreds of μm). The reactions varied in intensity and effect depending on the distance from the xenolith margin and the duration of the reaction time. At the outer parts of xenoliths, intense reactions dissolved orthopyroxene entirely, forming spongy rims on spinel and clinopyroxene, while inner sections showed limited reactions, primarily between mafic melts and orthopyroxene. The local reheating and melting of fine-grained aggregates during the ascent of xenoliths resulted in the formation of a hydrous, high-Mg, glass-like phase.
Normobaria – Physiological Conditions and Possibities of Applications
Authors: Henrykowska Gabriela , Wójtowicz T. , Czuj Weronika , Zieliński Ewa , Siermontowski Piotr
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the impact on the human body of breathing in an atmosphere of normobaric or slightly hyperbaric conditions, as well as breathing a mixture with an increased content of oxygen with the addition of carbon dioxide. The positive and negative effects breathing with an increased content of oxygen of hyperbaric conditions were compared with normobaric conditions and indications for their use were presented.
Demokratiebildung für mehr Inklusion mit Fokus auf soziale Benachteiligung
Authors: Pausch Markus
Published: February 2025

The fact that citizenship education is considered a task of democratic states is nothing new. Since the end of the Second World War, it has developed and professionalised considerably in many countries. It takes place mainly, but not only, in the education system. In recent years, new questions have arisen in the face of a global crisis of democracy. One of these is the task of democracy education, in promoting the inclusion of people who are disadvantaged for various reasons. In this article, various facets of this task are discussed and conceptually structured.
Pioneering Change: Prospective Teachers’ Contributions to Educational Inclusion for Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Youth
Authors: Popa Maria Cristina
Published: February 2025

This case study investigates the Superheroes in School program, an initiative to support financially and socially disadvantaged children in the Sibiu region. The program recruits prospective teachers to provide online homework assistance and foster academic engagement. Through various research methods, including questionnaires, interviews, and observations, the study assesses the program’s implementation and impact from its start in 2019 to the present in 2024. It focuses on the program’s structure, the motivations of volunteers, and the challenges encountered. Additionally, the study seeks to identify lessons learned and recommendations for enhancing educational equity. Ultimately, it aims to inform future community-based interventions that empower marginalized communities through grassroots initiatives.
Causes of Variability in Speech Characteristics in Translation from English into Russian
Authors:   Institute of Foreign Languages MCTTU, Abaeva E.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the question of speech characteris­tics in a literary text and its time-transgressive translations from English into Russian. The novel “Have Space Suit — Will Travel” by R. Heinlein (1958) and its two translations into Russian (1990 and 2003) were discussed as the material; the speech of two teenagers was taken as an example. The author employs contin­uous sampling method, comparative analysis, and contextual analysis to understand the factors that could cause the differ­enсes in the characters’ speech. The alternatives to discuss are: language variability, different strategies, changes in language and society in general, a general shift in the approach to trans­lating a literary text, different perceptions of characters by trans­lators, erroneous perception of the original text. The results could be useful to linguists, scholars, teachers of translation, and translators.
INVESTIGATING AUDIT QUALITY DETERMINANTS : EVIDENCE FROM THE MINING INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Putra Pamungkas Wahyu Ragil , Rofiqoh Ifah
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the impact of audit tenure, audit committee, audit fees, audit rotation, auditor specialization, and leverage on audit quality. A quantitative method was employed using secondary data sources in the form of annual reports and audited financial statements. The sample consisted of mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023, utilizing purposive sampling techniques. 38 companies were analyzed, resulting in 190 observations over the specified period. Panel data regression analysis was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The research findings show that audit tenure and audit rotation negatively impact audit quality, while the audit committee, audit fees, auditor specialization, and leverage do not have a significant effect on audit quality.
Transnational evolution of psychiatry and neurology: a European perspective from the enlightenment to the early 20th century
Authors: Gomes Marleide de Mota , Mathias Cátia , Nardi Antonio Egidio
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the historical evolution of psychiatry and its interrelationship with neurology from the Enlightenment to the early 20th century. It examines the transnational development of these disciplines primarily across Europe, with particular emphasis on key regions such as France, Germany, Britain, Italy, Spain and Portugal, while also including some related remarks about Brazil. The objective is to elucidate how advancements in scientific knowledge, medical practices, and societal perceptions of mental illness have influenced the trajectories of psychiatry and neurology. This analysis is grounded in a diverse array of historical sources, including scholarly literature. It critically examines prominent figures, institutional dynamics, and shifts in societal norms to uncover the intricate interplay of cultural, political, and intellectual forces that have shaped the evolution of these fields. The study reveals a complex tapestry of influences - such as the humanization of treatment, significant scientific breakthroughs, and interdisciplinary collaboration - that have contributed to the development of psychiatry and neurology. Our research underscores the necessity of contextualizing the historical framework within which these disciplines emerged and evolved, thereby offering insights into contemporary practices and policies in mental health care and neurological understanding. Through this historical analysis, we illuminate the nuanced narrative of psychiatry and neurology, highlighting their transnational development and the various factors propelling their evolution. By comprehending the historical foundations of these disciplines, we can glean valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities confronting contemporary mental health care and neurological research, thereby informing future directions in the field.
Prediction and WQI Assessment of Ganga River Sustainability by Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) model Approach
Authors: Jain Smita , Bundela Beena
Published: February 2025

Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) modelling approach for analysing the status of Water Quality of the Ganga River at Haridwar City of Uttarakhand, India was studied for understanding the Ganga River sustainability. The aim of the model was to predict future values of the series. Quality assessment of river water and prediction were done based on various water pollutants like pH, Dissolved oxygen (DO), Total Coliform, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, Hardness and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS).

Monthly data were collected for five years (2017-2021). Water Quality Index (WQI) and ARIMA model were reviewed. The WQI (Water Quality Index) of Ganga River was found more than 50 in almost all the months for five years (2017-2021). That shows that the river is polluted in most of the months. The Ljung-Box statistics gave nonsignificant p-value for 45 degrees of freedom and with 95% accuracy interval since the lag 48's p-value is higher than 0.05.
Heterocyclic Schiff Base and their Metal Complexes: A Review on Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities
Authors: Gupta Akhilesh Kumar
Published: February 2025

Schiff’s bases are well-known organic compounds for the synthesis of new “Metal based Drugs” and are synthesized by condensation reaction of different hydrazide or hydrazine with aldehydes or ketones known as imines. Schiff bases and their metal complexes have received remarkable attention among inorganic chemistry researchers due to their unique properties and applications in various fields. They are acting as main source of medicinal compounds displaying anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anticancer, antimalarial, antiviral, anthelmintic and antimicrobial properties in addition to industrial application as food packages, dyes and polymers. Various studies indicate that bioactive compounds having trace amounts of metal ions enhanced their potential to fight against pathogens. Lack of metal ions is causing many diseases including anemia, decrease in growth and cardiovascular disease amongst children. It is sort out by studying new approaches and new action of mechanism improving the efficiency of the drugs.

Currently, researchers and professional are paying lots of efforts to use Schiff base metal complexes to cure several diseases which are difficult to treat with traditional methods. Metal complexes enhances biological activities and acting as bridge between conventional inorganic and organic compounds. Keeping in mind above mentioned facts, review paper demonstrated mainly on the current pharmacological innovation in the field of synthesis, structural, antimicrobial applications of Schiff bases.
Les soignants en maisons de retraites, spécificités et missions : une étude qualitative
Authors: BELONI Pascale , TONIOLO Jean
Published: February 2025

Introduction : Le vieillissement de la population mondiale est un défi en termes d’accompagnement de la dépendance physique et/ou psychique du sujet âgé pour les années à venir. Les soignants qui assurent cet accompagnement de la dépendance exercent dans des établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (EHPAD) et ont des rôles et missions spécifiques. Méthode : Une étude qualitative menée sur dix EHPAD a eu pour objectif d’identifier la spécificité des missions des professionnels y exerçant.Résultats : Dans un contexte marqué par un manque de ressources humaines majoré par une perte d’attractivité exercer en EHPAD nécessite un travail sur la posture et l’identité professionnelles lié au développement de savoirs relationnels. L’accompagnement implique de considérer les représentations sociales et culturelles de chacun et de notre société. La « rencontre » avec les personnes âgées, la proximité dans la relation font émerger des aspects positifs pour penser un soin adapté et individualisé. Discussion : La COVID 19 a renforcé la nécessité de ces soins afin de promouvoir le bien être de ces personnes âgées en rupture sociale du fait de l’isolement. Bien que le travail en EHPAD soit décrit comme une expérience humaine à part entière, ceux-ci peinent à recruter du personnel. Pour répondre à cela, en France, le Ségur de la santé vient de proposer quelques solutions notamment en termes de revalorisation financière des métiers et une perspective de forte augmentation de professionnels paramédicaux formés. Nous verrons avec le temps si ces mesures seront suffisantes pour enrayer la crise actuelle.
Effectiveness of pain relief by "touch-relaxation" upon Redon suction drain removal in children aged 7 to 17: results of a multicenter randomized trial
Authors: Bergeron Agnès , BELONI Pascale , TONIOLO Jean , MARCHAT Noemie , Rousseau Vincent , LABRUNIE Anaïs , DELAIDE Valérie , Dallière Sylvie , Preneuf-Pauthier Brigitte , Maréchal Emilie , Jouaneau Gaelle , Lardy Hubert , Fourcade Laurent
Published: February 2025

Background: Redon drain removal is a source of pain and anxiety for the children despite the Equimolar Mixture of Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide (EMONO) use. This observation prompted our teams to develop a non-pharmacological technique, referred to as "touch-relaxation", as a treatment in its own right, to improve the care of children. Our study aimed to assess to what extent “touch-relaxation", in association with the routine pain management method, contributes to altered pain perception upon Redon drain removal. Methods: We conducted an open-label multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. We randomized 232 children aged 7 to 17 years and in 2 parallel groups: an experimental group with EMONO and "touch-relaxation", and a control group with EMONO only. The primary outcome was the difference in pain between the two groups. Pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS).Results:  From 2014 to 2018, 232 patients were recruited and 231 were analyzed: 117 in the experimental group and 114 in the control group. Children had been admitted for abdominal (48.1%; n = 111) or orthopedic surgery (46.3%; n = 107). The use of “touch-relaxation” with usual care was associated with a significantly lower proportion of children with VAS ≥ 4 (21.7%; n = 25) than in the control group (33.6%; n = 37) (p = 0.0459) upon Redon drain removal. Conclusions: "Touch-relaxation" reduces the child's perception of pain, thereby making the provision of care easier and reducing the degree of pain experienced. We recommend the use of "Touch-relaxation" as an easy and suitable additional pain management tool for nurses.
Ключевые аспекты эффективного менеджмента
Authors: Заглядин О.В.
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена изучению концепции эффективного менеджмента, его роли и ключевых аспектов в условиях современных вызовов, таких как глобализация, технологический прогресс и изменчивость рыночной среды. Рассмотрены основные этапы управленческого процесса, включая планирование, организацию, регулирование и контроль, а также подчеркнута важность стратегического лидерства, командной работы и управления изменениями. Особое внимание уделено анализу внутренних, а также внешних факторов, влияющих на эффективность управления, включая анализ среды, мотивацию сотрудников, внедрение инноваций и адаптацию к изменениям. Выводы подчеркивают необходимость постоянного совершенствования управленческих практик для обеспечения устойчивого успеха и адаптации к динамичным условиям рынка. Представленные подходы могут быть полезны для повышения конкурентоспособности организаций в различных секторах экономики.
Роль инноваций в деятельности коммерческого банка
Authors: Маллаева М.И. , Саадуева М.М.
Published: February 2025

Настоящая статья посвящена анализу и обобщению инновационных продуктов и технологий, применяемых в современной банковской системе. В статье определена роль коммерческого банка в освоении новых банковских продуктов, проанализированы виды современных инновационных технологий, практические примеры и результаты их внедрения в российской и зарубежной банковской системе. В процессе анализа выявлены проблемы развития новых технологий в банковской сфере, связанные с угрозами утечки конфиденциальной клиентской информации, а также возросшими масштабами мошенничества в банковской сфере. В данной связи, авторами освещаются дополнительные инновации, внедрение которых направлено на предотвращение угроз и снижение рисков.
Функции, стадии и методы диагностики корпоративных конфликтов в организации
Authors: Бахтиозина Р.Ш.
Published: February 2025

Актуальность проведенного исследования обусловлена тем, что в условиях нестабильного финансового положения российских субъектов экономики происходит возрастание количества различных корпоративных конфликтов. Тематика корпоративных конфликтов на протяжении многих десятилетий привлекала интерес научного сообщества. Статья посвящена изучению корпоративных конфликтов, с которыми сталкиваются организации. В работе описаны типы возможных участников корпоративного конфликта. Рассматриваются основные последствия корпоративных конфликтов и предлагаются методы их диагностики. В работе описываются конструктивные и деструктивные функции корпоративных конфликтов, а также определяется их социальная значимость. Определены основные стадии корпоративных конфликтов. Также изучены основные методы противостояния корпоративным агрессорам, которые можно разделить на следующие группы: методы профилактики и предотвращения конфликтов и методы разрешения конфликтов.
Международная транспортная логистика в приграничных регионах: анализ транзитного потенциала
Authors: Цуциева О.Т.
Published: February 2025

Статья рассматривает особенности международной транспортной логистики в приграничных регионах, анализируя как вызовы, связанные с геополитическими, инфраструктурными и регуляторными факторами, так и возможности, возникающие в результате стратегического расположения и потенциала для развития транзитных перевозок. Определено, что приграничный регион представляет собой сложную систему, характеризующуюся взаимовлиянием внутренних и внешних факторов. Его развитие зависит от способности эффективно использовать свои преимущества, преодолевать существующие проблемы и выстраивать продуктивное сотрудничество с соседними регионами и государствами. В статье представлены ключевые аспекты оптимизации логистических цепочек в приграничных зонах и перспективы развития данного направления. Среди важнейших направлений наращивания экономического потенциала приграничных регионов авторами выделены упрощение таможенных процедур, развитие транспортной и прочей инфраструктуры, управление рисками, улучшение координации и сотрудничества между всеми участниками транспортно-логистической системы, использование современных инновационных технологий, а также развитие человеческого капитала. Выделены факторы, определяющие транзитный потенциал приграничных регионов, среди которых географические особенности, геополитическая стабильность, развитость транспортной инфраструктуры, законодательная и регуляторная среда, кадровый потенциал. В заключении сделан вывод о том, что для повышения эффективности использования транзитного потенциала приграничных регионов необходима реализация совокупности мер и мероприятий, направленных на наращивание инвестиций в развитие транспортной инфраструктуры, упрощение таможенных и миграционных процедур, повышение квалификации кадров, повышение безопасности и укрепление международного сотрудничества.
Модели подготовки управленческих кадров в контексте жизненного цикла образовательных программ
Authors: Петрова С.А. , Петрова А.М.
Published: February 2025

Современные руководители сталкиваются с множеством новых вызовов, связанных как с глобальными кризисами, экономической нестабильностью, стремительным технологическим прогрессом, так и с изменениями условий функционирования органов власти/организаций, вызванными возрастающей ролью социальной ответственности управленческой деятельности, масштабной цифровизацией большинства организационных процессов, ограниченностью ресурсов, высокой конкурентностью среды и др. Новые вызовы требуют и нового качества управления, что актуализирует вопросы подготовки управленческих кадров, в т.ч. для публичного сектора. Авторами рассматривается подход к формированию моделей подготовки управленческих кадров, соответствующих современным стандартам и передовым технологиям в предметной области и в образовательной сфере. Обосновываются роль и значимость учета этапов жизненного цикла образовательных программ применительно к целям совершенствования образовательного процесса. Предложены направления совершенствования структуры и организации образовательного процесса для обеспечения устойчивости развития управленческих кадров. Статья адресована специалистам в области профессионального развития управленческих кадров органов власти и организаций, а также образовательных организаций, реализующих соответствующие программы подготовки.
МТК «Север-Юг»: анализ эффективности и оценка потенциала проактивного развития проекта
Authors: Цуциева О.Т.
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена комплексному исследованию современного международного проекта, связанного со строительством и развитием деятельности транспортного коридора «Север-Юг». Данный проект имеет целью формирование многомодальной транспортной системы, соединяющей Россию, Азербайджан, Казахстан, Туркменистан, Иран, Индию и другие страны азиатского региона. В основе международного транспортного коридора (МТК) «Север-Юг» лежат три маршрута: западный, центральный и восточный. Проведенный анализ статистических данных позволил заключить, что наиболее развитым маршрутом является западный, а самым динамично развивающимся – восточный маршрут. Особое место в статье занимает выявление проблемных мест и предложение конкретных мер по активному развитию МТК «Север-Юг» с учетом потенциальных выгод и возможных рисков. На основе имеющихся данных определены преимущества коридора как для мировой, так и российской экономики, включая укрепление позиций на международном транспортном рынке, диверсификацию транспортных маршрутов, развитие удаленных от центра регионов, снижение зависимости от традиционных путей сообщения и повышение устойчивости к внешним, в том числе геополитическим, рискам. В заключении отмечено, что реализация проекта МТК «Север-Юг» сталкивается с рядом вызовов, включая необходимость значительных инвестиций в развитие транспортной инфраструктуры, балансировку реализуемых инвестиционных программ, упрощение таможенных процедур и обеспечение безопасности перевозок. Однако введение дополнительных веток МТК «Север-Юг» на Северном Кавказе (в том числе в Северной Осетии) представляет собой достаточно перспективное направление, способное значительно улучшить транспортную доступность кавказских регионов, а также стимулировать их экономическое развитие.
Модели повышения экономической эффективности предприятий в условиях цифровой трансформации
Authors: Еремеев Д.Е.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматриваются современные подходы к повышению экономической эффективности предприятий в условиях цифровой трансформации и перехода к цифровой экономике. Особое внимание уделено влиянию цифровых технологий, таких как ERP-системы, искусственный интеллект, блокчейн и анализ больших данных, на оптимизацию бизнес-процессов, улучшение управления ресурсами и снижение затрат. Анализируются примеры успешного внедрения инновационных решений в различных отраслях и их роль в повышении конкурентоспособности и устойчивости предприятий. Также обсуждаются ключевые вызовы, с которыми сталкиваются компании на пути цифровизации, такие как безопасность данных и необходимость обучения персонала, а также прогнозируются перспективы развития цифровой экономики и её влияние на мировые рынки. Материалы статьи могут быть полезны руководителям предприятий, экономистам, аналитикам и специалистам по управлению бизнес-процессами.
LiBF₄-Derived Coating on LiCoO₂ for 4.5 V Operation of Li₆PS₅Cl-based Solid-State Batteries
Authors: jin feng , Ellingsen Ingeborg Sellæg , Fadillah Laras , Nguyen Quoc Hung , Bratlie Henrik Rotvær , Knez Daniel , Kothleitner Gerald , Din Mir Mehraj Ud , Selbach Sverre M. , Redhammer Günther J. , Rettenwander Daniel
Published: February 2025

Solid-state batteries are attracting considerable attention for their high energy density and improved safety over conventional lithium-ion batteries. Among solid-state electrolytes, sulfide-based options like Li₆PS₅Cl are especially promising due to their superior ionic conductivity. However, interfacial degradation between sulfide electrolytes and high-voltage cathodes, such as LiCoO₂, limits long-term performance. This study demonstrates that a LiBF₄-derived F-rich coating on LiCoO₂, applied by immersing LiCoO₂ particles in a LiBF₄ solution followed by annealing, can significantly enhance performance in Li₆PS₅Cl -based solid-state batteries. This coating enables stable high-voltage (4.5 V vs. Li⁺/Li) operation, achieving an initial specific capacity of 153.82 mAh/g and 87.1% capacity retention over 300 cycles at 0.5 C. The enhanced performance stems from the F-rich coating, composed of multiple phases including LiF, CoF₂, LixBFyOz, and LixBOy, which effectively suppresses side reactions at the LiCoO₂|Li₆PS₅Cl interface and improves lithium-ion diffusivity, thereby enabling greater Li capacity utilization. Our findings provide a practical pathway for advancing solid-state batteries with high-voltage LiCoO₂ cathodes, offering substantial promise for next-generation energy storage systems. Keywords: solid state batteries, LiCoO2, sulfide cathode, high voltage.
Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Ray of Hope for Infertility
Authors: Tenchov Rumiana , Zhou Qiongqiong Angela
Published: February 2025

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have revolutionized the field of reproductive medicine, offering hope to millions of individuals and couples facing fertility problems. From artificial insemination to cutting-edge gene editing techniques, ART enhances reproductive efficiency, transforming the landscape of reproductive medicine. While established techniques such as in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection are currently widely used, emerging technologies such as in vitro gametogenesis, gene therapies, and stem cell-based therapies are expanding the boundaries of what is possible. ART is a rapidly advancing field, however the application of certain novel and emerging technologies in humans is still highly experimental, tightly regulated, and surrounded by ethical and legal challenges. Many innovations in ART are currently being tested only on animal models, yet some have successfully transitioned to human applications, including preimplantation genetic testing, mitochondrial replacement therapy, laser-assisted hatching, time-lapse imaging, and in vitro maturation. Furthermore, artificial intelligence is transforming reproductive medicine by enabling precise embryo selection, optimizing clinical protocols, and predicting treatment outcomes. This report explores data from the CAS Content Collection to outline the research progress in ART, to identify key emerging concepts and challenges, and its societal impact, in effort to understand how ART continues to shape the future of reproductive healthcare.
Reduced NiGraf: An Effective Hydrogenation Catalyst of Large Applicative Potential
Authors: Formenti Matteo , Ciriminna Rosaria , Della Pina Cristina , Pagliaro Mario
Published: February 2025

The reduced form of NiGraf, a newly developed metal organic alloy comprised of graphene oxide entrapped within Ni-based nanoparticles subsequently reduced with thiophene (RGO@Ni), shows re-markably stable selective activity in the complete reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline carried out in liquid-phase under ultramild conditions (35 °C, 10% excess of hydrazine as reductant). These results are practically relevant because molecularly doped metals hold great applicative potential as new-generation solid catalysts, especially when the metal used to entrap organic species consists of low-cost and earth-abundant nickel.
Controlling N speciation in solution synthesis of N-doped carbon materials
Authors: Byun Mi Yeon , Liu Lili , Mejia Rodriguez Daniel , Walter Eric , Zhu Zihua , Govind Niri , Autrey Tom , Sushko Maria
Published: February 2025

Carbon-based materials, such as graphite and its functionalized/doped derivatives, are promising lightweight layered materials for hydrogen activation and storage. Their propensity to control the thermodynamics of hydrogen binding and the kinetics of hydrogen mobility strongly depends on the speciation and the arrangement of dopants. In this study, we demonstrate precise control over dopant speciation and clustering in nitrogen-containing layered carbon materials during hydrothermal synthesis. Through extensive spectroscopic characterization and first principles simulations, we demonstrate that the formation of N-motifs can be controlled by the choice of precursor and synthesis temperature. The distinct three-dimensional architecture and porosity in graphene oxide and carbon nitride-derived materials furnish a synthetic pathway for precise control over the local and global structure of nitrogen-doped carbon materials and their activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction.
Ricci solitons on concircularly flat and \(W_{i}\)- flat Sasakian manifolds admitting a general connection
Authors: Altunbaş Murat
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we investigate Ricci solitons on concircularly flat and \(W_i\)−flat (\(i = 2, 3, 4\)) Sasakian manifolds. Sasakian manifolds are considered as admitting a connection which generalize the well-known connections so called the quarter symmetric metric, Schouten-Van Kampen, Tanaka-Webster and Zamkovoy connections.
STUDY OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF A COMPOSITE MATERIAL REINFORCED WITH STIPA TENACISSIMA FIBERS
Authors: Nouri Laib , Azzedine Benyahia , Nadir Deghfel , Azzedine Melouki , Yakout Addour
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This research investigates methods to enhance the adhesion between polymer matrices and plant fiber reinforcements, specifically Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima), using a 2 wt % NaOH solution for varying durations (1, 3, 5, and 24 h).
 
Theoretical Framework: Plant fiber-reinforced composites are increasingly favored for their eco-friendliness, low density, cost-effectiveness, and promising mechanical properties. However, challenges persist due to inadequate adhesion between the polymer matrix and plant fibers, which can compromise composite performance.
 
Method: Alfa fibers were chemically treated with a 2 wt % NaOH solution for different durations. A comprehensive suite of tests, including FTIR, DRX, GTA, SEM, and tensile tests, were conducted to evaluate the effects of the treatment.
 
Results and Discussion: XRD analyses revealed a significant increase (36.26%) in the crystallinity index of Alfa fibers treated with a 2 wt % NaOH solution for 5 hours compared to untreated fibers. Moreover, mechanical testing demonstrated that composites reinforced with treated fibers exhibited superior mechanical properties compared to those reinforced with untreated fibers.
 
Research Implications: These findings highlight the potential for enhancing the performance of plant fiber-reinforced composites through chemical treatments, thereby enabling them to compete effectively with composites utilizing synthetic fibers.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to advancing high-performance composite materials by addressing the critical issue of interfacial adhesion between polymer matrices and plant fibers, thus expanding the application potential of eco-friendly composites in various industries.
Vestibular schwannoma: structural characteristics, objectification of metabolic dysfunction and its clinical significance (controversial and promising issues)
Authors: Malysheva O.Yu. , Vaslovych V.V. , Chernenko O.G. , Fedirko V.O. , Shmeleva G.A. , Skobska O.E. , Malysheva T.A.
Published: February 2025

Objective ‒ to improve the morphological diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma (VS) based on the assessment of structural characteristics and features of stromal and perenchymal changes.Materials and methods. We analyzed the results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of 87 patients with primary VS (main group) according to code D 33.3 in accordance with International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision and the classification of central nervous system tumors (5th edition of WHO, 2021). The VS located on the left side was diagnosed in 42 (48.3 %) cases [41.08; 55.12], on the right ‒ in 45 (51.7 %) [39.15; 49.36].Results. The morphological characteristics of vestibular schwannoma deserve special attention, as despite the high degree of tumor differentiation, their course is aggressive: they recur, cause complications, and lead to disability. Important morphological features include involutional (dystrophic-degenerative) changes in the tumor tissue, which form during the slow growth of vestibular schwannomas. In cases of solid variants of vestibular schwannoma, histological examination revealed stromal changes of varying severity, including numerous foci of hemorrhages of different ages with hemosiderosis, areas of dense sclerosis, and hyalinosis of the walls of newly formed tumor vessels. Such changes are individual metabolic alterations, partially age-related. Preliminary data on morphological characteristics (stromal-parenchymal features) in the diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma, structural signs of metabolic dysfunction, and levels of expression of histochemical markers for predicting growth rates are presented.Conclusions. Features of vestibular schwannoma based on topographic-anatomical characteristics include differences between clinical groups (Koos stages) regarding the preferential direction of spread: oral, medial, and caudal (Wilks' criterion λ = 0.105, p < 0.0001), which have specific clinical manifestations and are statistically significant. Certain immunohistochemical indicators were studied: Ki-67, progesterone receptors (RP), and the distribution of expression activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VGFR). The low proliferative potential of vestibular schwannoma (on average—2.8% by Ki-67 proliferation index) indicates a low degree of malignancy, but with signs of chronic hypoxia. In tumor tissue with a high level of vascular endothelial growth factor, a rapid progressive course of the disease is possible. The number of cells expressing steroid hormone receptors (progesterone) partially explains their higher incidence in middle-aged women. These data require further research and comparison with clinical data.
A review of prognostic molecular biomarkers for glioblastoma and their clinical significance for diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Netliukh A.M. , Malysheva T.А. , Zanevych A.V. , Fesh N.O. , Flys Yu.V. , Sukhanov A.A.
Published: February 2025

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a WHO grade IV malignant brain tumor with a poor prognosis, and it is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. The estimated overall survival rate for patients with GBM is less than 1.5 years, with a 5-year survival rate of about 5 %. Current treatment standards include maximal (Gross total) resection, which is rarely achieved due to the diffuse-invasive nature of these tumors, and radiotherapy with concomitant chemotherapy, such as temozolomide. New technologies, including genetic research and advanced statistical methods, enhance therapeutic approaches and create new treatment opportunities. Certain genes are crucial for understanding tumorigenesis and tumor prognosis, with each GBM subtype associated with specific genetic and epigenetic changes. Our goal was to conduct an up-to-date review of common molecular markers, namely isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2), O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), p53 protein, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), 1p/19q codeletion, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), circulating tumor cells, and microRNAs. Established biomarkers are widely used in clinical neuro-oncology practice and play a critical role in improving diagnostics, determining prognosis, and predicting treatment responses. The roles of biomarkers such as MGMT and IDH1/2 are well-established. Many studies indicate better outcomes from surgical and radiation treatments in patients with mutations in these genes. We also highlighted potential biomarkers, especially easily accessible circulating blood markers, which require thorough future evaluation for their prognostic and/or predictive utility for GBM in therapeutic settings. However, research on other biomarkers, such as the p53 protein, EGFR, PDGFR, 1p/19q codeletion, the alpha-thalassemia mental retardation X-linked syndrome protein (ATRX), TERT, loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 10, circulating tumor complexes, and microRNAs, remains promising. Overall, identifying specific biomarkers enables the selection of effective treatments and improves the prognosis for patients with malignant gliomas.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF BERBASIS STRUKTURAL NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER PADA KELAS XII IPA 3 SMA NEGERI 1 DEMAK SEMESTER 2 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Nugroho Setyo
Published: February 2025

Rumusan masalah penelitian bagaimana proses dan peningkatan hasil belajar biologi dan perubahan afektif setelah menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Berbasis Struktural Numbered Head Together. Penelitian dilakukan sebanyak 2 siklus, masing-masing siklus 3 kali pertemuan. Subyek penelitian peserta didik kelas XII IPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Demak semester genap tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan dan mampu menjawab permasalahan Â berdasar hasil evaluasi pada akhir siklus II didapat angka pencapaian nilai rata-rata UH sebesar 75,48 (naik sebesar 12,5 atau sebesar 19,55% dari prasiklus) dan termasuk kriteria baik. Angka perolehan skor kinerja afektif sampai siklus II mencapai 81% dan termasuk kriteria baik.Kata kunci : Hasil belajar, Pembelajaran kooperatif, Â Numbered head together, Evolusi
ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KOTA SEMARANG PADA PENYELESAIAN SOAL CERITA PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA
Authors: Wardana M yusuf Setia , Subekti Ervina Eka , Cahyadi Fajar Cahyadi
Published: February 2025

The focus of this study was to analyze the difficulties of elementary school students in the city of Semarang in solving math problem solving in terms of Polya's steps. This research is included in qualitative research. This research was conducted in four elementary schools in the city of Semarang, including SD N Jomlang 3 Semarang, SD Negeri Karangtempel Semarang, SD N Gayamsari 2 Semarang and SD N Bugangan 2 Semarang. This study concluded that the percentage of implementing planning was the most difficult problem for students to understand, while 56.38% was followed by planning problems, namely 54.07%, while the difficulty of concluding / checking back was 56.38%, and The difficulty in understanding the problem is the difficulty in the last sequence, which is 44.54.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MATERI CAHAYA DAN SIFATNYA MELALUI MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION SISWA KELAS VB SDN UNGGULAN KABUPATEN MAGETAN
Authors: Wati Sudarwati
Published: February 2025

Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) merupakan ilmu yang bersifat empirik dan membahas tentang fakta serta gejala alam maka pembelajaran hendaknya menekankan ketrampilan proses. Apabila pengajaran IPA didominasi dengan metode ceramah maka menjadi pembelajaran yang membosankan dan siswa menganggap IPA sebagai pelajaran yang sulit. Karena itu siswa kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran dan kurang interaksi antara guru dan siswa. Untuk meningkatkan aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA maka perlu dilaksanakan pembelajaran IPA yang dapat mendorong siswa untuk aktif dalam pembelajaran melalui kegiatan investigasi sehingga ditemukan data dan konsep pengetahuan. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang memiliki karakteristik tersebut di atas adalah Model Group Investigation (GI). Berdasar masalah diatas maka peneliti menerapkan model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI). Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus yang masing-masing terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Group Investigation pada pembelajaran IPAÂ  materi cahaya dan sifatnya pada siswa kelas VB SDN Unggulan Magetan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari semakin meningkatnya keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran yaitu pada siklus I sebesar 81 % meningkat menjadi 86 % pada siklus II. Penerapan model pembelajaran Group Investigation juga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari meningkatnya nilai siswa. Ketuntasan belajar yang diperoleh pada siklus I adalah 75 %. artinya pada siklus I ada 12 anak yang telah tuntas belajar. Sedangkan pada siklus II persentase meningkat menjadi 87,5%, artinya 14 anak telah mempunyai nilai diatas KKM (nilai 75). Nilai rata-rata siswa pada siklus I sebesar 78,44 meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 83,13.Kata kunci: model Group Investigation, aktivitas belajar, hasil belajar IPA
PREVENTION OF BULLYING BEHAVIOR AT STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 1 GUNEM
Authors: Tiyo Prastiyono Tiyo , Rahmawati Dini Rahmawati Bu dini , Handayani Arri Handayani Bu Arri
Published: February 2025

The younger generation is the foundation and capital of the nation's development. For this reason, parents, educators and the government are expected to seriously provide the best education for them. The reality is that all citizens, local governments, families and parents are obliged and responsible for providing protection and guaranteeing the fulfillment of children's human rights in accordance with their duties and responsibilities. Legal rules regarding bullying against children have been regulated by the State in the form of laws, meanwhile, a clearunderstanding of bullying is not yet owned by some adolescents both within the school environment and outside the school environment. Even though acts of bullying can harm other people and can even cause the loss of the future of a child who is a victim of this act. using several methods including delivering material directly or lectures, sharing, discussions, questions and answers, and dialogue, Putting up posters about bullying. The results obtained from the Socialization of the Dangersof Bullying for students' mentality are: the results of this dedication show that students' knowledge about stopping bullying increases, increase knowledge and understanding of legal regulations related to bullying, the impact of bullying.