bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations inMycoplasma genitaliumamong clients of two sexual health centres in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Braam Joyce F , Zondag Helene C A , van Dam Alje P , de Vries Henry J C , Vergunst Clarissa , Hetem David , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F , Bruisten Sylvia M
Published: December 2022

Objective

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations (QRAMs) inMycoplasma genitalium(MG) among clients of two sexual health centres (SHCs) in the Netherlands.

Design

A cross-sectional study.

Setting and participants

Between 2018 and 2019, 669 clients with MG were included from two previous studies: 375 male clients with urethritis from the SHC in Amsterdam; and 294 clients (male and female) from the SHC in Amsterdam and The Hague. Urogenital and anal samples (705 in total) that tested positive for MG by nucleic acid amplification tests were selected.

Outcome measures

The presence of QRAM was detected by an MG-QRAM PCR targeting four mutations in theparCgene and investigated by sequence analysis of relevant regions of thegyrAandparCgenes. Possible risk factors for the presence of QRAM were investigated.

Results

We found QRAM in 58 of 669 (9%) clients with an MG infection: 36 of 375 (10%) in the study population of men with urethritis and 22 of 294 (7%) in the study population of other clients (including both men and women; p=0.334). Most prevalent mutations in theparCgene were S83I and D87N, occurring in 31 of 60 (52%) and 20 of 60 (33%) samples, respectively. Factors associated with the presence of QRAM were: men who have sex with men (adjusted OR (aOR) 3.4, 95% CI 1.7 to 6.9) and Asian origin (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.6). Multidrug resistance (QRAM plus macrolide resistance-associated mutations) was found in 46 of 669 (7%) clients.

Conclusions

Nine per cent of MG-positive clients from two Dutch SHCs had QRAM. New treatment strategies and antibiotics are needed to treat symptomatic patients with multidrug-resistant MG.
Endovascular recanalization in patients with severely disabling non-acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Xiaoya , Li Ye , Lu Ziwei , Jian Yating , Han Nannan , Zhao Lili , Dang Meijuan , Wu Yulun , Li Tao , Feng Yuxuan , Yang Yang , Huang Wei , Zhang Lei , Wang Huqing , Zhang Ru , Chang Mingze , Zhang Guilian
Published: December 2022

Background

It is unclear whether patients with severely disabling ischemic stroke (SDIS—that is, modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores of 3–5) benefit from non-acute endovascular recanalization (ER).

Objective

To determine the effect of non-acute ER or medical treatment in severely disabled patients with non-acute ischemic stroke (mRS scores of 3–5).

Methods

Between January 2018 and August 2021, non-acute patients with SDIS and large vessel occlusion were collected from two regional stroke centers. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assigned to two groups based on whether they underwent ER (ER group) or not (medical group). The primary functional outcome was the mRS score at 90 days. The primary safety outcomes were the recurrence of stroke and mortality.

Results

Of the 325 patients with hypoperfusion cerebral infarction caused by large vessel occlusion, 63 met the inclusion criteria (32 patients in the ER group, 31 patients in the medical group). A favorable outcome (mRS score ≤2) occurred more often in the ER group than in the medical group (59.4% vs 22.6%, respectively; OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.58; P<0.01). There were no significant differences in new-onset ischemic stroke (6.3% vs 3.2%, respectively; P=1.000), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (12.5% vs 0%, respectively; P=0.113), or mortality within 90 days (6.3% vs 6.5%, respectively; P=1.000) between the two groups. Preoperative mRS scores (OR=7.34, 95% CI 1.56 to 34.5; P=0.02) and ER (OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.58; P<0.01) were significantly associated with outcome.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that patients with SDIS (mRS score 3–5) with smaller infarct cores and better collateral circulation can benefit from non-acute ER, with no additional perioperative complications or mortality.
Catheter design primer for neurointerventionalists
Authors: Bilgin Cem , Hutar Jared , Li Jiahui , Castaño Oscar , Ribo Marc , Kallmes David F
Published: December 2022

Neurovascular catheter technology has rapidly evolved over the past decade. While performance characteristics are well known to the practitioner, the design features of these new-generation catheters and their implications on performance metrics remain a mystery to most clinicians due to the limited number of available resources. This knowledge gap hampers informed device choices and also limits collaboration between clinicians and engineers. To aid fellow neurointerventionalists, in this primer we have summarized the basic concepts of catheter design and construction.
Th2 high and mast cell gene signatures are associated with corticosteroid sensitivity in COPD
Authors: Faiz Alen , Pavlidis Stelios , Kuo Chih-Hsi , Rowe Anthony , Hiemstra Pieter S , Timens Wim , Berg Marijn , Wisman Marissa , Guo Yi-Ke , Djukanović Ratko , Sterk Peter , Meyer Kerstin B , Nawijn Martijn C , Adcock Ian , Chung Kian Fan , van den Berge Maarten
Published: December 2022

Rationale

Severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share common pathophysiological traits such as relative corticosteroid insensitivity. We recently published three transcriptome-associated clusters (TACs) using hierarchical analysis of the sputum transcriptome in asthmatics from the Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) cohort comprising one Th2-high inflammatory signature (TAC1) and two Th2-low signatures (TAC2 and TAC3).

Objective

We examined whether gene expression signatures obtained in asthma can be used to identify the subgroup of patients with COPD with steroid sensitivity.

Methods

Using gene set variation analysis, we examined the distribution and enrichment scores (ES) of the 3 TACs in the transcriptome of bronchial biopsies from 46 patients who participated in the Groningen Leiden Universities Corticosteroids in Obstructive Lung Disease COPD study that received 30 months of treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) with and without an added long-acting β-agonist (LABA). The identified signatures were then associated with longitudinal clinical variables after treatment. Differential gene expression and cellular convolution were used to define key regulated genes and cell types.

Measurements and main results

Bronchial biopsies in patients with COPD at baseline showed a wide range of expression of the 3 TAC signatures. After ICS±LABA treatment, the ES of TAC1 was significantly reduced at 30 months, but those of TAC2 and TAC3 were unaffected. A corticosteroid-sensitive TAC1 signature was developed from the TAC1 ICS-responsive genes. This signature consisted of mast cell-specific genes identified by single-cell RNA-sequencing and positively correlated with bronchial biopsy mast cell numbers following ICS±LABA. Baseline levels of gene transcription correlated with the change in RV/TLC %predicted following 30-month ICS±LABA.

Conclusion

Sputum-derived transcriptomic signatures from an asthma cohort can be recapitulated in bronchial biopsies of patients with COPD and identified a signature of airway mast cells as a predictor of corticosteroid responsiveness.
Microdrones in field-based structural geology: a photogrammetry and fracture quantification case study from the North Mountain Basalt, Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Peace Alexander L. , Jess Scott
Published: December 2022

Drone use in geoscience research and teaching is becoming widespread, with diverse applications documented. Many studies favour consumer-level drones, however, recent developments in so-called “microdrones” (takeoff weight < 250 g) necessitate further investigation to determine possible benefits, limitations, and future developments. Microdrone deployment is often advantageous in numerous jurisdictions due to fewer regulations, lower cost, and simple transportation. In this study, we deployed a DJI Mini 2 microdrone to study the ca. 201 Ma North Mountain Basalt (NMB) exposed in coastal outcrops along the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia, Canada. We report benefits of the microdrone as a field aid with three related approaches: (1) general site location and characterisation, (2) drone-based photogrammetry using ArcGIS Drone2Map, and (3) quantitative fracture mapping using FracPaQ. Application of these methods showed that microdrone-acquired imagery from the NMB exposures provides a valuable resource for interpretation post-fieldwork. The microdrone-derived data show two near-perpendicular fracture sets in the NMB: ∼NNE–SSW and ∼ESE–WNW, with some variation along the coastline. Overall, we determined that microdrones offer field-based geoscientists a valuable tool due to quick deployment, a simple image capture process and relatively straightforward data processing, and thus predict that this approach to enhancing fieldwork will continue to advance.
Doubly-polarized WZ hadronic production at NLO QCD+EW: calculation method and further results
Authors: Le Duc Ninh , Baglio Julien , Dao Thi Nhung
Published: December 2022

The doubly-polarized production of $$W^\pm Z$$

W
±

Z

pairs at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is presented at next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy both for the electroweak (EW) and QCD corrections, including a detailed description of the calculational method using the double-pole approximation. Numerical results at the 13 TeV LHC are presented in particular for the $$W^- Z$$

W
-

Z

case in the $$e^-\bar{\nu }_e \mu ^+\mu ^-$$

e
-

ν

¯

e

μ
+

μ
-

channel using ATLAS fiducial cuts and for polarized distributions defined in the WZ center-of-mass system. The NLO EW corrections relative to the NLO QCD predictions are found to be smaller than 5% in most kinematic distributions, but can reach the level of 10% in some distributions such as lepton transverse momentum distributions or rapidity separation between the electron and the Z boson. EW corrections are not uniform for different polarizations. A comparison between the new ATLAS measurement of polarization fractions to our theoretical prediction is presented.
Statement-Level Software Defect Prediction Based on Improved R-Transformer
Authors: Zhu Yulei , Zhang Yufeng , Chen Zhenbang
Published: December 2022

Engineers use software defect prediction (SDP) to locate vulnerable areas of software. Recently, statement-level SDP has attracted the attention of researchers due to its ability to localize faulty code areas. This paper proposes DP-Tramo, a new model dedicated to improving the state-of-the-art statement-level SDP. We use Clang to extract abstract syntax trees from source code and extract 32 statement-level metrics as static features for each sentence. Then we feed static features and token sequences as inputs to our improved R-Transformer to learn the syntactic and semantic features of the code. Furthermore, we use label smoothing and weighted loss to improve the performance of DP-Tramo. To evaluate DP-Tramo, we perform a 10-fold cross-validation on 119,989 C/C++ programs selected from Code4Bench. Experimental results show that DP-Tramo can classify the dataset with an average performance of 0.949, 0.602, 0.734 and 0.737 regarding the recall, precision, accuracy and F1-measure, respectively. DP-Tramo outperforms the baseline method on F1-measure by 1.2% while maintaining a high recall rate.
Safety-Critical Task Offloading Heuristics for Workflow Applications in Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Wang Yushen , Sun Tianwen , Yang Guang , Yang Kai , Song Xuefei , Zheng Changling
Published: December 2022

As the fundamental mechanism in mobile edge computing (MEC), task offloading strategy is of great significance to the quality of computing services provided by MEC systems. When coping with workflow applications, the precedence relations among tasks increase the difficulty in developing task offloading strategies. This paper studies the problem of safety-critical task offloading for workflow applications in a MEC environment. Considering the precedence constraints on workflow tasks and the overhead of security services, we formulate the safety-critical workflow offloading model with the objective of jointly optimizing the total completion time and energy consumption. By using a task sequence to represent a feasible solution to the optimization model, we introduce a family of heuristics to solve the safety-critical workflow offloading problem under precedence constraints upon workflow tasks. Depending on whether the offloading solution satisfies the precedence relations among workflow tasks, task sequences can be classified into two categories, i.e., precedence-aware and precedence-unaware offloading solutions. With the satisfaction of precedence constraints, a family of heuristics by using a precedence-aware strategy and a precedence-unaware strategy is designed to offload safety-critical workflow tasks. Given an offloading sequence and the operating conditions of MEC servers, the heuristic algorithms select the currently best MEC server to offload workflow tasks. Experimental results justify the performance of the proposed algorithms in solving the safety-critical workflow offloading problem under precedence constraints.
Impacts of modified Chaplygin gas on super-massive neutron stars embedded in quintessence field with f(T) gravity
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Mayukh , Biswas Ritabrata
Published: December 2022

Recent research works have shown the existence of super-massive neutron stars (NSs) with mass about [Formula: see text] or even more. The query about those super-massive NSs inspires the researchers to analyze their features and structures immensely. Here, we have inspected the behavior and properties of some of those super-massive NSs in [Formula: see text] modified gravity with [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the torsional scalar and [Formula: see text] is a regulatory parameter. In this framework of teleparallel formalism of modified gravity, we obtain the equations of motion by considering quintessence field, modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) and electromagnetic field. For our model, we use matching conditions under spherical symmetry, in order to find out the numerical values of different unknown constants of our model. This helps us to acquire various physical quantities thoroughly and to understand about the nature of those super-massive NSs deeply and quite clearly. Moreover, from our work, we can also explain the role of quintessence field and MCG in case of massive compact stars. The mass–radius relationship curve of this model can effectively describe the mass of the heaviest NS (about [Formula: see text]) ever detected via gravitational wave detection. Again, we overall investigate the anisotropic behavior, density profile, pressure profile, core repulsive force, stability, equilibrium and energy conditions of those massive compact objects. We further analyze different important parameters like anisotropic stress, surface redshift, adiabatic behavior, compactness factor, sound speed, etc. in case of super-massive NSs for better realization and future study.
A new class of anisotropic rotating fluids and some throat-like sources for Kerr metric as examples
Authors: Viaggiu S.
Published: December 2022

Motivated by the increasing interest in finding physically viable rotating sources, we present a new class of anisotropic rotating solutions. The energy–momentum tensor compatible with the metric is composed of anisotropic matter with a nonvanishing energy flow around the symmetry axis and vanishing viscosity. The new class of solutions can be used to find new possible sources for the Kerr metric, to obtain new regular black hole solutions and to study galaxies with a central rotating black hole and an halo of dark matter. As an example, we obtain a five-parameter class of solutions representing a two-way traversable wormhole smoothly matched to the Kerr one and satisfying all energy conditions outside the wormhole for a wide range of parameters, in particular for compact objects. Finally, with a simple modification of the aforementioned solution, we obtain a source for Kerr metric with a throat geometry, nonrepresenting a two-way traversable wormhole and satisfying all energy conditions.
Influence of EMSG on complex systems: Spherically symmetric, static case
Authors: Nasir M. M. M. , Bhatti M. Z. , Yousaf Z.
Published: December 2022

Through this study, we intend to present a comprehensive summary of the most recent research on complex systems or complexity factor [Formula: see text] in the background of modified gravity theories (MGT). In this way, we examined [Formula: see text] for the novel MGT named [Formula: see text] gravity under the anisotropic static fluid configuration. [Formula: see text] is defined as one of the structure scalars [Formula: see text] which is trace-free component obtained from the orthogonal splitting of the Riemann tensor. Two mass approaches are used which have immense influence on [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, vanishing complexity condition is used with an eye towards finding the solution of the nonlinear system. Two extra models are explored which ensure one more condition for the purpose of comprehensive results.
Numerical simulation of Tb/s all-optical reconfigurable frequency encoded OR and AND gate using quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Mukherjee Kousik
Published: December 2022

Frequency encoded reconfigurable logic gates OR and AND are designed using interferometric switch based on quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier (QDSOA) and simulated using MATLAB for the first time as far as our knowledge goes. The amplitude modulation (AM) and quality factor ([Formula: see text] are calculated using numerical simulations confirming practical feasibility of the logic gates. This paper also investigates the effect of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise on AM, [Formula: see text] and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values. AM below 0.005 dB and [Formula: see text] more than 30[Formula: see text]dB ensure error free operation of the logic gates.
Thermodynamics of modified Bardeen-AdS black hole: Heat engine
Authors: Nag Chandradipa , Roy Tanusree , Debnath Ujjal
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we have explored the thermodynamic properties of static Modified Bardeen black hole in the background of Anti-de Sitter (AdS) extended phase space. Thermodynamic pressure is taken as a thermodynamic variable, defined by the negative cosmological constant. We have discussed the thermodynamic quantities like Hawking temperature, Gibbs energy and Helmholtz free energy along with specific heat capacity to analyze the stability. Next, Joule–Thomson expansion has been evaluated to determine cooling-heating phase transition. Followed by these, we have constructed a new heat engine where the black hole is considered as the working substance. We have determined the efficiency through a heat cycle in the [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] plane. As a result, we have been able to show the efficiency of a new heat engine and measure it against the Carnot efficiency. After evaluating the efficiency of the Rankine cycle, the paper has been concluded with a comparison analysis between the heat engine efficiencies of Modified Bardeen AdS Black hole and Regular Bardeen AdS Black hole.
Killing slant magnetic curves in the 3-dimensional Heisenberg group Nil3
Authors: Druţă-Romaniuc S. L. , Inoguchi J. , Munteanu M. I.
Published: December 2022

We find the equations of the magnetic curves corresponding to the magnetic fields defined by the Killing vector fields on the 3-dimensional Heisenberg manifold.
EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF OPEN INNOVATION AND ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING
Authors: DOGHRI SINDA BEN SEDRINE , GHANNEY AMNA , HORCHANI SAMAH CHEMLI
Published: December 2022

Transformational leadership is an important factor affecting organisational performance. Many studies have shown that transformational leadership has positive and significant influence on organisational performance. Based on a literature review and previous work, this study aims to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on organisational performance and to examine whether organisational learning and open innovation is a mediator between their relationships. A quantitative analysis is performed via a questionnaire. The data analysis was conducted thanks to the structural equation modelling method. The research sample consisted of 202 respondents from Tunisian enterprises chosen through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The findings of this study provide evidence that transformational leadership, organisational learning and open innovation have significant positive relationship influence on organisational performance. The research also demonstrates that there is a significant effect on the role of mediation in organisational learning and open innovation on the relationship between transformational leadership and organisational performance. The study suggests that if organisation principals use the strategies of transformational leadership and organisational learning at the same time, organisational learning was highly effective to achieve open innovation and subsequently a performance within the organisation.
MANAGING KNOWLEDGE EMBEDDEDNESS FOR SYNERGETIC INNOVATION PERFORMANCE IN STRATEGIC ALLIANCES: IMPLICATIONS FROM KNOWLEDGE FLOW AND STRATEGIC REACTIVENESS
Authors: ZHAO JIANYU , LI KE , YU LEAN , XI XI , CHE DETONG
Published: December 2022

Knowledge embeddedness may exert a crucial role in improving synergetic innovation performance in the knowledge economy era. However, theoretical deduction and empirical investigation on the effects of knowledge embeddedness have not yet reached a consensus. One primary reason caused this result is that the different levels of knowledge embeddedness for synergies have been neglected to examine. To provide evidence to develop strategies for improving synergetic innovation performance based on related knowledge by embedding knowledge, this paper used the 496-questionnaire data to investigate the impacts of knowledge embeddedness on synergetic innovation performance, the mediating effects of knowledge acquisition and knowledge leakage, and the moderating effect of strategic reactiveness. We found that knowledge embeddedness played an inverted U-shaped role in synergetic innovation performance in strategic alliances, whereas it had positive effects on knowledge acquisition and knowledge leakage. Two specific knowledge flow behaviours, knowledge acquisition and knowledge leakage exerted inverted U-shaped impacts on synergetic innovation performance. In addition, they had partial mediating effects between knowledge embeddedness and synergetic innovation performance. Moreover, strategic reactiveness positively moderated the relationship between knowledge embeddedness and synergetic innovation performance. Our results supplemented reliable empirical evidence to promote the development of embeddedness and knowledge management literature.
The impact of fear effect on the dynamics of a delayed predator–prey model with stage structure
Authors: Cao Qi , Chen Guotai , Yang Wensheng
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a stage structure predator–prey model consisting of three nonlinear ordinary differential equations is proposed and analyzed. The prey populations are divided into two parts: juvenile prey and adult prey. From extensive experimental data, it has been found that prey fear of predators can alter the physiological behavior of individual prey, and the fear effect reduces their reproductive rate and increases their mortality. In addition, we also consider the presence of constant ratio refuge in adult prey populations. Moreover, we consider the existence of intraspecific competition between adult prey species and predator species separately in our model and also introduce the gestation delay of predators to obtain a more realistic and natural eco-dynamic behaviors. We study the positivity and boundedness of the solution of the non-delayed system and analyze the existence of various equilibria and the stability of the system at these equilibria. Next by choosing the intra-specific competition coefficient of adult prey as bifurcation parameter, we demonstrate that Hopf bifurcation may occur near the positive equilibrium point. Then by taking the gestation delay as bifurcation parameter, the sufficient conditions for the existence of Hopf bifurcation of the delayed system at the positive equilibrium point are given. And the direction of Hopf bifurcation and the stability of the periodic solution are analyzed by using the center manifold theorem and normal form theory. What’s more, numerical experiments are performed to test the theoretical results obtained in this paper.
The Asymmetric Effect of the Extreme Changes in the Economic Policy Uncertainty on the Exchange Rates: Evidence from Emerging Seven Countries
Authors: Maydybura Alina , Gohar Raheel , Salman Asma , Wong Wing-Keung , Chang Bisharat Hussain
Published: December 2022

This research has focused on examining the connection between uncertainties in economic policies and exchange rates. This research extends the literature to this field by analyzing the impact of small to large negative along with small to large positive variations in the economic policy uncertainty on the currency rates. For this purpose, this research uses the Granger causality in the quantile test and a newly constructed multiple asymmetric threshold nonlinear ARDL (MATNARDL) model. When a nonlinear ARDL model is utilized, our results confirmed the nonlinear impact in three nations only. In contrast, when the MATNARDL technique is utilized, these findings do confirm the nonlinear effect for all nations. Furthermore, when the Granger causality in the quantile test is applied, the impact differs over various quantiles. In general, the enhanced framework encourages us to analyze better how EPU affects the exchange rate in the emerging seven (E7) nations. The findings of our research may be useful for state banks to design policies to make interventions in the foreign currency market.
A Novel Multispectral Vessel Recognition Based on RGB-to-Thermal Image Translation
Authors: El Mahdi Bouchenafa Mohamed
Published: December 2022

In the last decade, advances in deep learning have led to considerable progress in the field of ship classification in Red Green Blue (RGB) and Infra-Red (IR) images. However, ship classification performs poorly on images acquired in weak visible light intensity. Multispectral imaging constitutes a potential solution to address such difficulty. In this paper, we first propose Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for ship classification in multi-spectral images (RGB, IR, etc.). The proposed architectures were trained from scratch and fine-tuned to another pre-trained network. Validation was carried out on the publically available RGB-IR pairs ship dataset VAIS. Unfortunately, owing to the small size of the dataset, the obtained classification result was 59,09%, hence not satisfactory for most applications. We, therefore, proposed a new image data augmentation approach for the generation of IR ship images from RGB images. The generation process was carried out through an adaptation of a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) network and a Pix2Pix model. In fact, VAIS dataset was kept aside for validation purposes and KAIST RGB-IR pairs dataset was used for the training of our translator. The augmented IR dataset yielded more than a 9% increase in the performance of VAIS IR-based ship classification.
Adaptive Precise Attitude Estimation Using Unscented Kalman Filter in High Dynamics Environments
Authors: Hassaballa Ahmed H. , Kamel Ahmed M. , Arafa I. , Elhalwagy Yehia Z.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a novel adaptive scaled unscented Kalman filter (ASUKF) algorithm is developed using low-cost micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) triaxial gyroscope and accelerometer. The body non-gravitational accelerations are estimated and used to compensate the accelerometers measurements. The estimated external acceleration is used to adapt the acceleration measurement noise covariance matrix to achieve robustness during harsh environments. The proposed ASUKF uses the adapted covariance matrix and the compensated accelerometer measurements to precisely estimate the body attitude angles. The achieved accuracies for the proposed model are discussed and compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms through a laboratory and field tests. The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an outstanding level accuracy in high dynamics environments in comparison to other attitude estimators.
A Systematic 10-Year Review of the Use of Arthroscopy in the Assessment and Treatment of Intercarpal Ligament Injuries Associated with Acute Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: BEGUM Rumina , HOURSTON George J. M. , BOCHMANN Thomas , CHOJNOWSKI Adrian J.
Published: December 2022

Background: To review the impact that arthroscopy has made on the assessment and treatment of intercarpal (scapholunate [SL] or lunotriquetral [LT]) ligament injuries associated with acute distal radius fractures (DRF).

Methods: A systematic review of EMBASE, MEDLINE and COCHRANE databases for articles published between 2011 and 2021 was performed (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021273293) which included studies reported assessment and outcomes of intercarpal ligament injuries associated with acute DRF. Methodological quality was evaluated. The rate of concomitant injury detection, role of arthroscopy and different clinical outcome assessment measurements used were compared between studies.

Results: A total of 20 articles were included with data from 1,346 patients (1,358 wrists). A total of 1,024 intra-articular fractures were included and 294 extra-articular fractures (40 not specified). There was a heterogeneous mix of studies; 10 comparative and 10 non-comparative. Some studies investigated initial assessment findings only, while others assessed radiological outcomes, functional outcomes or both domains over 0.3–99 months. The overall rate of SL ligament injury associated with DRF was 35.3%, while LT ligament injury overall was 18.2%. More frequent were concomitant triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries (44.8%), although this review did not aim to review these. The role of arthroscopy was reviewed, which included assistance in anatomic reduction of the articular surface and systematic inspection of the surrounding soft tissues. Included studies investigated either assessment or assessment and management of intercarpal ligament injury. Meaningful meta-analysis in this heterogeneous group of studies was not possible. Outcomes of comparative studies were described in detail.

Conclusions: This review suggests that arthroscopy may have a role in improving reduction of intra-articular DRF and diagnosing and managing soft tissue injuries associated with such fractures. Randomised studies are needed to evaluate whether the detection of intercarpal ligament injury in acute distal radial fractures through arthroscopic assessment alters current management and improves clinical outcome.

Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report
Authors: TULLIE Sebastian , MICHELL Andrew , REID Alex W. N.
Published: December 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to pose significant health challenges, with insights into long-term disease sequelae emerging. The post-viral effects resulting from COVID-19 are being investigated and ‘long COVID-19’ is now a recognised phenomenon. As part of the spectrum of comorbidities, acute-onset neuropathy is associated with infection. The public health response aimed at limiting morbidity and mortality is rooted in vaccination programmes. With the extensive roll-out of novel vaccinations, there has been careful monitoring of temporally associated health problems. Some of the documented associations include neuropathy and entrapment neuropathies. This case report details a patient presenting with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) post their second dose of AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccination. Though we do not claim causality, the emerging post-vaccination immune-mediated effects may ultimately be proven to include neuropathy exacerbation. Meticulous recording of such associations is required as it is of great relevance to the hand surgeon managing CTS.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Leader-Following Entrapping Control of AUVs Using Bearing Measurements in Local Coordinate Frames
Authors: Fu Yingbo , Yang Ziwen , Zhu Shanying , Chen Cailian
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the entrapping control problem of discrete-time AUVs with local coordinate frames is studied. To achieve entrapment in arbitrarily shaped orbits and formations, we design a bearing-based leader-following framework fully in the discrete-time domain with four parts: the orientation estimation unit, estimator unit, controller unit and parameters tuning unit. With bearing measurements and communication information, the orientation estimation unit can estimate orientations of local coordinate frames in finite time, and the estimator unit can achieve local localization. Based on estimation, the controller unit can drive each AUV to track the desired orbit or formation with an arbitrary shape. We present sufficient conditions under which stability of the overall system is proved using the theorem of finite-time stability and LaSalle’s theorem for the discrete-time system. Moreover, the parameters tuning unit can calculate optimal parameters to improve overall performance. Additionally, we extend our schemes to nonholonomic AUVs with unicycle models. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
The Elephant in the Room
Authors: Neville-Neil George V.
Published: December 2022

By writing code for the elephant that is Posix, we lose the chance to take advantage of modern hardware.
Learning the User’s Deeper Preferences for Multi-modal Recommendation Systems
Authors: Lei Fei , Cao Zhongqi , Yang Yuning , Ding Yibo , Zhang Cong
Published: December 2022

Recommendation system plays an important role in the rapid development of micro-video sharing platform. Micro-video has rich modal features, such as visual, audio, and text. It is of great significance to carry out personalized recommendation by integrating multi-modal features. However, most of the current multi-modal recommendation systems can only enrich the feature representation on the item side, while it leads to poor learning of user preferences. To solve this problem, we propose a novel module named
Learning the User’s Deeper Preferences (LUDP)
, which constructs the item-item modal similarity graph and user preference graph in each modality to explore the learning of item and user representation. Specifically, we construct item-item similar modalities graph using multi-modal features, the item ID embedding is propagated and aggregated on the graph to learn the latent structural information of items; The user preference graph is constructed through the historical interaction between the user and item, on which the multi-modal features are aggregated as the user’s preference for the modal. Finally, combining the two parts as auxiliary information enhances the user and item representation learned from the collaborative signals to learn deeper user preferences. Through a large number of experiments on two public datasets (TikTok, Movielens), our model is proved to be superior to the most advanced multi-modal recommendation methods.
Pradvis vac: A socio-demographic dataset for determining the level of hatred severity in a low-resource Hinglish language
Authors: Biradar Shankar , Saumya Sunil , Kumar Abhinav , Singh Ashish
Published: December 2022

In multilingual societies like India, mixing the native language with English has become common during social media conversations. Further, due to the government’s digitization push, more people from rural India are joining social media platforms, resulting in the exponential growth of native or code-mixed content. The resultant content on social media is available for both positive (also termed as Hope Speech) as well as negative context (also termed as Hate Speech). To keep the social media clean and hate free, it is important to remove the negative content using machine learning filters. Since most of the existing hate content prediction models are trained using high resource language such as English, they fail to work on code-mixed text due to its spelling variance and non-grammatical structure. In addition, the lack of suitable training data could be one reason behind existing models’ poor performance on code-mixed text. To address these issues and promote research in this direction, we developed a manually annotated Hinglish Code-mixed corpus of 9254 comments taken from Twitter handles. We also annotated our data with the target audience and severity level. In each label, we provided a more fine-grained classification with three independent classes, and we built a Multi-label and Multi-class corpus for the severity of hate content prediction in Hinglish code-mixed text. Further, we modeled various supervised classifiers for severity prediction to validate our proposed data. The proposed models employ transformers for feature extraction and different machine learning and RNN (Recurrent neural network) models for classification. According to the experimental results, the target label combined with embeddings from Twitter text using the BiLSTM (a varient of RNN) classifier performed better on severity prediction, attaining an acceptable weighted F1 score.
Continuous Production of Carbon-Supported and Surfactant-Free Pt-M (M=Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) Nanocrystals for Catalyzing Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Xie Minghao , Shi Yifeng , Chen Ruhui , Shen Min , Xia Younan
Published: December 2022

Scalable production of carbon-supported Pt-M (M=Co, Ni, and Fe) alloy nanocrystals is of great importance for their practical application as catalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a process key to the operation of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Here we report the use of a fluidic device for the in situ nucleation and growth of Pt-M nanocrystals on a commercial carbon support in a continuous and scalable fashion. The use of dimethylformamide not only enables well dispersion of the carbon powders for the creation of a homogeneous reaction mixture but also helps reduce metal precursors for the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of nanocrystals on the carbon surface. The size, shape, and composition of the nanocrystals can all be tuned by changing the metal precursors added into the reaction mixture, resulting in Pt-M nanocrystals uniformly distributed across the surface of the carbon support. Among the nanocrystals, the carbon-supported Pt-Co nanocrystals show the highest ORR specific and mass activities at 0.9 V, demonstrating 11.4- and 8.8-fold enhancements over the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst.
Assessing evidence accumulation and rule learning in humans with an online game
Authors: Do Quan , Li Yutong , Kane Gary A. , McGuire Joseph T. , Scott Benjamin B.
Published: December 2022

Perceptual uncertainty sets critical constraints on our ability to accumulate evidence and make decisions; however, its sources remain unclear. We developed a video game, and feedback-based training pipeline, to study uncertainty during decision making. Leveraging choices from hundreds of subjects, we demonstrate that human choices are inconsistent with popular diffusion models of human decision making and instead are best fit by models in which perceptual uncertainty scales nonlinearly with the strength of sensory evidence.
Short-latency stretch reflexes depend on the balance of activity in agonist and antagonist muscles during ballistic elbow movements
Authors: Villamar Zoe , Ludvig Daniel , Perreault Eric J.
Published: December 2022

This study examined the sensitivity of the stretch reflexes elicited in elbow muscles to the background activity in these same muscles during movement and postural tasks. We found a heightened reciprocal control of reflex sensitivity during movement that was not present during maintenance of posture. These results help explain previous discrepancies in reflex sensitivity measured during movement and posture and provide a simple model for assessing their contributions to muscle activity in both tasks.
Comprehensive Prognostic Analysis of Immune Implication Value and Oxidative Stress Significance of NECAP2 in Low-Grade Glioma
Authors: Lu Zhichao , Chen Yixun , Chen Siqi , Zhu Xingjia , Wang Chenxing , Wang Ziheng , Yao Qi
Published: December 2022

Adaptin ear-binding coat-associated protein 2 (NECAP2) belongs to the family of proteins encoding adaptin-ear-binding coat-associated proteins. However, its immune effect on tumors and its microenvironment are still unclear. Here, we systematically evaluated the differences (variations) in NECAP2 expression for low-grade glioma (LGG) and pan-cancer in the LGG dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) utilizing bioinformatics methods. We found for the first time that NECAP2 level was elevated in gliomas and that this upregulation increased as the tumor grade increased. In addition, Pearson correlations of NECAP2 with five immune pathways and significant gene mutations associated with NECAP2 were also analyzed. Univariate survival and multivariate Cox analyses were used to compare the clinical characteristics and survival of the patients. Glioma patients with NECAP2 overexpression have a remarkably higher risk of developing malignant behavior and a worse prognosis. The correlation between the expression levels of NECAP2 and the prognosis of glioma patients was identified. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with upregulated NECAP2 expression exhibited an unfavorable prognosis. Western blotting showed that NECAP2 was overexpressed in glioma patients. IHC staining results illustrated an elevation in the NECAP2 protein expression level with the development of tumor malignancy. Additionally, qRT-PCR verified that oxidative stress in glioma tissues reduced the expression of stress-related genes and oxidative stress capacity compared to normal tissues, which may be associated with tumor evasion of immune surveillance and tumor progression. In vitro wound-healing and Transwell assay confirmed that NECAP2 promotes glioma cell migration and invasion. Our study also thoroughly examined the immune significance of NECAP2 in the TCGA-LGG samples, using CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE to explore the correlation between NECAP2 and cancer immune infiltration. The NECAP2 expression levels were correlated with the infiltration degree of immune cells such as neutrophils, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and B cells. Therefore, our results indicate that NECAP2 strongly correlates with the overall immune infiltration level of glioma and could independently serve as a prognostic biological marker for glioma patients.
A Fractional Model for the Dynamics of Smoking Tobacco Using Caputo–Fabrizio Derivative
Authors: Melkamu Belaynesh , Mebrate Benyam
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we propose a Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivative mathematical model consisting of smoker, people exposed to secondhand smoker, people exposed to thirdhand smoker, and quitters. Secondhand smoke exposure consists of an unintentional inhalation of smoke that occurs close to people smoking and/or in indoor environments where tobacco was recently used, and thirdhand smoke consists of pollutants that remain on surfaces and in dust after tobacco has been smoked, are reemitted into the gas phase, or react with other compounds in the environment to form secondary pollutants. The solution of the proposed model, which is carried out using a fixed-point theorem and an iterative method, exists and is unique. Furthermore, the model is biologically meaningful, that is, positive and bounded. The reproduction number

R

0

is determined from the model. If

R

0

<
1

, the smoking-free equilibrium point is asymptotically stable, and if

R

0

>
1

, the smoking-free equilibrium point is unstable. The results confirm that the smoking-free equilibrium point becomes increasingly stable as the fractional order is increased. Numerical simulations are performed using a three-step Adams-Moulton predictor-corrector method for a range of fractional orders to show the effects of varying the fractional order and to support the theoretical results.
Expression and Prognostic Value of PIK3CA, VEGF, IL-8, IL-10, and RIP2 in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Shen Na , Yu Yanfang , Zhang Ruiying , Guo Ying , Liu Mei , Tan Mengtian , Liu Jianxia , Bai Jing , Li Li , Liu Keyu , Wang Ran , He Jinglan
Published: December 2022

Background. To explore clinical features and prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL) 8, IL-10, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and receptor-interacting protein-2 (RIP2) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods. A total of 68 DLBCL patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University from January 2017 to June 2021 were included in this retrospective analysis. Serum VEGF was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum IL-8 and IL-10 were detected by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay, and expression of PIK3CA and RIP2 in tumors was detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between clinical features of DLBCL and tumor-related index were analyzed. Cox regression was conducted to explore risk factors and hazard ratio. Results. The serum level or expressions of VEGF, IL-8, IL-10, and RIP2 were significantly elevated with the increase of Ann Arbor Stage, International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, and the number of extranodal sites (all

P
<
0.05

). Beside, these serum indexes were significantly higher in patients with the presence of extranodal involvement and germinal center B-cell (GCB), but significantly lower in patients with the presence of bone marrow involvement (all

P
<
0.05

). Cox regression analysis for overall survival revealed that high expression of VEGF, high level of serum IL-8, serum IL-10, and RIP2, Ann Arbor Stage (III-IV), number of extranodal sites (>1), serum LDH level (≥245 U/L), IPI scores (3–5), ECOG scores (≥2), and bone marrow involvement were independent risk factors for the prognosis of DLBCL patients (all

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The serum levels of VEGF, IL-8, and IL-10, as well as the expression of RIP2 and PIK3CA in tumor tissues, were highly correlated to clinical features of DLBCL, and high expression level of these indexes may have adverse effects for the prognosis of DLBCL patients.