bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green Accounting and Malang Hospitality Industry: A Inevitability
Authors: Imansari Annisa Rizkaninghadi , Roekhudin Roekhudin , Prihaningtias Yeney Widya
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This research aims to study the implementation of green accounting on the hospitality industry in Malang based on internal and external perspectives. This type of research is a multi-case study. Data collection was conducted in 2018 through interviews with internal parties of Harris Hotel (five stars), The Balava Hotel (four stars), and ubud Hotel and Cottages (three stars); guests and people around the hotels and environmental Services in Malang; observation and documentation. The results of this research show that three, four, and five stars hotels in Malang have implemented green accounting very well. All of those hotels also spent some expenses on the environment to reduce the risk of pollution and environmental damage. From the external perspective, no one is feeling disadvantaged from the activities of hotel operational. In the future, the hotels are expected to improve their awareness on the environment. Keywords: Green Accounting, Environmental CostAkuntansi Hijau dan Industri Perhotelan: Sebuah KeniscayaanAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan akuntansi hijau pada industri perhotelan di Kota Malang dari perspektif internal dan eksternal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah multi studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tahun 2018, melalui wawancara dari pihak internal Hotel Harris (bintang lima), The Balava Hotel (bintang empat), dan Ubud Hotel & Cottages (bintang tiga); tamu dan masyarakat sekitar dari ketiga hotel, pihak Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Malang; observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hotel bintang tiga, empat dan lima di Kota Malang telah menerapkan beberapa aktivitas akuntansi hijau. Ketiga hotel juga telah mengeluarkan beberapa biaya lingkungan dalam rangka mengurangi risiko pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan. Dari sisi eksternal, tidak ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan dari aktivitas operasional hotel, ke depannya diharapkan hotel dapat lebih peka terhadap lingkungan. Kata Kunci: Akuntansi Hijau, Biaya Lingkungan
Spillover Effect of US Monetary Policy to ASEAN Stock Market
Authors: Hindrayani Aniek , Putri Fadikia K , Puspitasari Inda F
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This study analyzes the spillover effects of the US monetary policy on the ASEAN stock market with Markov switching model and investigates differences in empirical results of each country from ASEAN member. The results of this study have important implications for asset price allocation, specifically in the case of a transition between US and other small countries. The results showed that the ASEAN stock market is more affected by the US interest rates during bull-market than bear-markets. This can be seen from the increasing of stock market volatility during expansion comparing with recession period. Therefore, the stock markets of ASEAN countries will not be easily affected by the dollar rate during financial crisis or the recession period. Keywords: stock market, monetary policy, spillover effect, Markov-switching modelEfek Spillover pada Perubahan Kebijakan Moneter Amerika Terhadap Stock Market di ASEANAbstrak: Penelitian ini menganalisis efek spillover akibat adanya perubahan kebijakan moneter Amerika terhadap stock market di ASEAN dengan model Markov switching dan menginvestigasi terkait ada atau tidaknya perbedaan pada hasil empiris di setiap negara anggota ASEAN. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi penting bagi mekanisme transisi harga aset, khususnya dari Amerika terhadap negara dengan skala perekonomian kecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stock market ASEAN lebih mudah terpengaruh oleh tingkat suku bunga Amerika pada saat kondisi bull-market dibandingkan saat bear-market. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tingginya volatilitas stock market pada saat ekspansi dibandingkan saat periode resesi, sehingga stock market negara-negara ASEAN tidak akan mudah terpengaruh oleh dollar pada saat perekonomian mengalami krisis atau saat periode resesi. Kata kunci: stock market, kebijakan moneter, spillover effect, model Markov-switching
RUANG KETIGA DALAM PERJUMPAAN NIAS-KRISTEN DAN MINANGKABAU-MUSLIM DI PADANG
Authors: Lombu Chris Stevany , Lattu Izak Y.M. , Pilakoannu Rama Tulus
Published: January 2020

Minangkabau has often been identified as an excluisve ethnic group.  In contrast to this view, Nias etnic group in West Sumatera has established a peaceful encounter between Christians and Muslim from both ethnic groups. Nias tribe has been in Padang for about 500 years and encouter Islam as the dominant religion of Minangkabau and other wolrkd religion, namely Christianity. This is something new for the Nias tribe because at first they had animistic beliefs. This article aimes to show the social phenomenon of the meeting between the Nias-Kristen and the Minangkabau-Muslim. Nias community has created a new identity in peacefully bridging the community with Muslim community in Padang. This article explores the formation of new identity among Nias-Padang community as bridging and copping mechanisms to live in a multicultural context that based on Minangkabau-Muslim values in Padang. This new identity heled them to adapt and develop in Padang. This new identity is called Hada Nono Niha Wada (Custom of Nias Padang). This change does not only relate to the name used but also includes component that are in the custom itself. The author employs Homi Bhabha’s third space theory to examine the encounter of Nias Padang-Christianity community and Minang-Muslim host community in Padang. The article shows that through social negotiation, Nias Padang-Christianity community in Padang have formulated new identity that different from that of Nias in the Island of Nias and created the third space to copping with Minangkabau culture-tradition. This negotiation resulted in a custom that had a pattern of openness in accepting differences. The third space provides a place for them to build a mindset that can make them survive as a minority that is able to manage differences into a unity that can be accepted by various parties and living peacefully with the Minangkabau-Muslim community in the greater Padang area.
Association of Sleep Apnea with Mortality in Patients with Advanced Kidney Disease
Authors: Jhamb Manisha , Ran Xinhui , Abdalla Hossam , Roumelioti Maria-Eleni , Hou Surui , Davis Herbert , Patel Sanjay R. , Yabes Jonathan , Unruh Mark
Published: January 2020

Background and objectives

In the general population, sleep disorders are associated with mortality. However, such evidence in patients with CKD and ESKD is limited and shows conflicting results. Our aim was to examine the association of sleep apnea with mortality among patients with CKD and ESKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In this prospective cohort study, 180 patients (88 with CKD stage 4 or 5, 92 with ESKD) underwent in-home polysomnography, and sleep apnea measures such as apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and nocturnal hypoxemia were obtained. Mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis.

Results

Among the 180 patients (mean age 54 years, 37% women, 39% with diabetes, 49% CKD with mean eGFR 18±7 ml/min per 1.73 m2), 71% had sleep apnea (AHI>5) and 23% had severe sleep apnea (AHI>30). Median AHI was 13 (range, 4–29) and was not significantly different in patients with advanced CKD or ESKD. Over a median follow-up of 9 years, there were 84 (47%) deaths. AHI was not significantly associated with mortality after adjusting for age, sex, race, diabetes, body mass index, CKD/ESKD status, and kidney transplant status (AHI>30: hazard ratio [HR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.6 to 4.0; AHI >15 to 30: HR, 2.3; 95% CI, 0.9 to 5.9; AHI >5 to 15: HR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.8 to 5.4, compared with AHI≤5). Higher proportion of sleep time with oxygen saturation <90% and lower mean oxygen saturation were significantly associated with higher mortality in adjusted analysis (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.7; P=0.007 for every 15% higher proportion, and HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.1; P=0.003 for every 2% lower saturation, respectively). Sleep duration, sleep efficiency, or periodic limb movement index were not associated with mortality.

Conclusions

Hypoxemia-based measures of sleep apnea are significantly associated with increased risk of death among advanced CKD and ESKD.
A STUDY ON PRESCRIBING PATTERN IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: NATARAJ GR  , BHARATHI DR
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to study the prescribing pattern in geriatric patients.

Methods: A prospective study was carried out for a period of 4 years with one of the objectives to study the prescribing pattern in geriatric patients (≥65 years). The information was collected, from patients admitted to various departments of tertiary care hospital and old-age home at Chitradurga. Sociodemographic, economic, and clinical diagnosis and medication details were collected from medical records in a pre-structured case record form. The medications were classified based on Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system.

Results: A total number of 526 geriatric patients were enrolled during the study period. Young older patients (75.29%) and male subjects (55.89%) were predominant. Multiple morbidity conditions were more in the present study. Among the diseases diagnosed, circulatory system (I00-I99) affecting was more 41.83%. Prescriptions found with a sum total of 3228 formulations with 357 active drugs. About 56.27% of patients received ≥6 medications (polymedication) and an average of 6.14 drugs per prescription. Usage of parenterals (53.06%) was more among dosage forms. Prescriptions with alimentary tract, metabolism (A) (26.96%), and general anti-infective (J) (19.08%) class of drugs were common. Among individual drugs, pantoprazole (A02BC02), paracetamol (N02BE01), and ceftriaxone (J01DD04) were found more frequent in prescriptions.

Conclusion: The study concludes the need of intellect prescribing practice, to install more rational therapy among geriatric patients.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ACECLOFENAC MUCOADHESIVE MICROSPHERES FOR ORAL CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: SAROJA SP  , PREETHI SUDHEER
Published: January 2020

Objective: Drug delivery is a broad field of research on the development of novel materials or carrier systems for effective therapeutic delivery of drugs. The main purpose of delivering the drugs to mucosal membrane is lengthening of the residence time at site of drug delivery, followed by sustained release of the drug after the deposition. Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has a half-life of 4 h. The frequent administration of the drug irritates the gastric mucosa when it is given in conventional dosage forms.

Method: Hence in this study, a mucoadhesive microsphere of biopolymer chitosan was formulated with an aim to enhance the efficacy of the drug. The microsphere of aceclofenac was prepared by o/w/o emulsification cross linking method.

Results: Various ratios of drug: polymer were studied, and it was found that microspheres with 1:4 ratio was the superior in terms drug content of 87.23±0.56%.and entrapment efficiency of 85.8±0.16 %.The in vitro drug release profiles indicated a maximum drug release of 89.55± 0.62 % in 12 h. The extent of mucoadhesion and ex- vivo permeation of the drug was studied using porcine intestinal mucosal sample. The microspheres were retained on the intestinal mucosa up to 12 h. The surface of the selected microsphere formulation was observed to be uneven during surface electron microscopic studies. Infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry studies indicated that there was no major interaction between the drug and the polymer used.

Conclusion: Therefore, the studies demonstrate that mucoadhesive microspheres could be an appropriate dosage to improve the gastric retention and efficacy of aceclofenac.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TOPICAL HERBAL GEL CONTAINING INCLUSION COMPLEX OF CURCUMIN
Authors: VANDANA D  , SHWETA PAWAR
Published: January 2020

Objective: The current work was aimed to prepare a topical gel containing curcumin (CUR) for the treatment of microbial infections on skin.

Methods: CUR was complexed with the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) using kneading method in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 molar ratios and characterized. The inclusion complex with high aqueous solubility was loaded in the topical gel containing (2% CUR) which was prepared using carbopol, sodium CMC, and guar gum and evaluated for viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, pH, drug content, and in vitro diffusion studies. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the gel was performed by albumin protein denaturation technique, the statistical analysis was done using ANOVA followed Dunnett’s t-test. The antimicrobial activity of CUR was evaluated using standard strains of Candida albicans and Escherichia coli by agar well diffusion method.

Results: The complexation of CUR had an increased solubility up to 103.09 times for 1:3 molar ratio with in vitro dissolution 90.64% for 60 min. The optimized formulation F9 had viscosity of 6500.3 cps and 97.5% in vitro drug diffusion for 8 h which follows zero-order release kinetics. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity studied showed that the CUR gel has a good potency for renaturation and was as effective as standard diclofenac with 76.9% inhibition (p=0.0507). CUR showed approx. 3 mm diameter of zone of inhibition against C. albicans and E. coli.

Conclusion: A stable topical gel of CUR using β-CD and carbopol was successfully prepared which showed better in vitro diffusion with promising anti-inflammatory and antifungal action.
DESIGN AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUTRIMAZOLE MICROSPHERES LOADED TOPICAL EMULGEL
Authors: MUTHADI RADHIKA REDDY  , SOUMYASTUTIPATNAIK
Published: January 2020

Objective: Flutrimazole is a topical antifungal agent which displays potent broad spectrum in vitro activity against dermatophytes, filamentous fungi, and yeasts. The purpose of the present study is to formulate and evaluate microspheres loaded topical gel containing flutrimazole as model drug microspheres were prepared using aqueous ionotropic gelation method.

Methods: Different polymers, the different drug to polymer(s) ratio(s) and other parameters were screened to study their effects on the properties of microspheres and to optimize each parameter. The controlled release emulgel was formulated by changing the polymer ratio. Fourier transform infrared study confirmed the purity of the drug, concede no interaction between the drug and excipients and analyze the parameters affecting the morphology and other characteristics of the resultant products employing scanning electron microscopy.

Results: Microspheres loaded topical gel has been shown that encapsulation and controlled release of flutrimazole could reduce the side effect while also reducing percutaneous absorption when administered to the skin. The microspheres obtained were subjected to the preformulation studies such as bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr’s index, and Hausner’s ratio the results obtained were within the limit. The microspheres were characterized by percentage yield, drug entrapment efficiency, and particle size analysis, then the optimized microspheres formulation were incorporated into the gel prepared with various polymer(s) ratio(s) and were evaluated by parameters such as visual inspection, pH measurement, spreadability studies, viscosity, and in vitro drug release using Franz diffusion cell.

Conclusion: The result of studies revealed that the optimized batch shows 97.24% release in 12 h and stable for around there. The microsphere loaded gel has advantages such as efficient absorption and more drug retention time.
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS OF MANIDIPINE FOR ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY
Authors: SRIKANTH REDDY S  , SURESH G
Published: January 2020

Objective: The present work is aimed at developing liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (liquid-SNEDDS) of manidipine.

Methods: The manidipine SNEDDS is formulated with excipients comprising Capmul MCM as oil phase, Transcutol P as surfactant, and Lutrol L 300 as cosurfactant. The prepared fifteen formulations of manidipine SNEDDS were performed for emulsification time, percentage transmittance, particle size, drug release, in vitro dissolution and stability studies. Ternary phase diagram plotted using Chemix software.

Results: The optimized manidipine liquid SNEDDS formulation (F14) subjected to drug-excipient compatibility studies by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, and stability studies. The morphology of manidipine SNEDDS indicates spherical shape with uniform particle distribution. The percentage drug release from optimized formulation F14 (98.24±5.14%) was higher than that of pure drug (39.17±2.98%). The stability data indicated no noticeable change in drug content, emulsifying properties, drug release, and appearance.

Conclusion: Hence, a potential SNEDDS formulation of manidipine developed with enhanced solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability.
PREDICTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AMONG GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN AN OUTPATIENT CLINIC
Authors: GAYATRI SUJIVE  , BENSAM T MATHEW  , MAMATHA K  , ANURADHA HV
Published: January 2020

Objective: The process of aging involves an individual’s structural and functional depravity of their organ systems often results in compromised pharmacological principles of the prescribed drugs. Multimorbidity and polypharmacy along with change in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses of drugs predispose the elderly to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The present study was aimed to identify and report the characteristics and incidence of ADRs among geriatrics in an outpatient clinic.

Methods: This was a 6-month prospective hospital-based observational study among patients of either sex aged 60 years and above visiting an outpatient clinic at the study site. The suspected ADRs were categorized according to the Will’s and Brown classification system. Causality of these ADRs was verified by applying the WHO-UMC criteria and the Naranjo’s scale. Severity and preventability of the ADRs were classified using the modified Hartwig and Siegel scale and modified Schumock and Thornton scale, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for developing ADRs.

Results: Among the 365 patients monitored, 57 (15%) patients experienced 60 ADRs. Therapeutic classes of drugs frequently associated with ADRs were the drugs used in hypertension (27 [45%]). Patients presenting with amlodipine (9 [15%]) induced pedal edema were observed with the highest frequency of ADRs. Polypharmacy (OR: 1.619, 95% confidence interval: 0.957−2.741, p=0.021) was observed as the influential risk factor for ADRs.

Conclusion: Pharmacist’s services and involvement in geriatric patient’s centered care can be associated with their improved health, quality of life and economic outcomes, a reduction in medicine-related adverse events, and limiting the morbidity and mortality in this age band.
SIDE EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUS GANCICLOVIR AND COMBINATION OF INTRAVENOUS GANCICLOVIR-ORAL VALGANCICLOVIR IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: I WAYAN ANDREW HANDISURYA  , NELLY AMALIA RISAN  , DWI PRASETYO
Published: January 2020

Objective: Intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir are known to have severe side effects against hematopoiesis and kidney function. This study aims to look for these side effects in pediatric patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection treated with ganciclovir or a combination regimen of both in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, a tertiary care center in West Java, Indonesia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using medical records and laboratory examination data from pediatric patients with CMV infection who received ganciclovir of 6 mg/kg twice a day, valganciclovir of 16 mg/kg twice a day, or a combination of both in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January 2015 to January 2019. Differences before and after therapy were analyzed to look for any side effects in each regimen and duration of therapy.

Results: Out of 115 patients, there were 53 subjects who met the research criteria. Majority of the subjects used a combination regimen (n=29, 55%) for 6 weeks (n=36, 68%). There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the incidence of anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, increase in creatinine serum, or increase in blood urea nitrogen for different regimen or duration of therapy.

Conclusion: No side effects were found to be related with therapeutic regimen or duration of therapy in pediatric patients with CMV infection in this study.
BERYLLIUM DRIVEN HEMATOLOGICAL AND SEROLOGICAL ALTERATION; THAT CURED BY CHELATION VIA NARINGENIN IN ALBINO RATS
Authors: ANJANI VERMA  , SAMRAT RAKSHIT  , SATYENDRA KUMAR NIRALA  , MONIKA BHADAURIA
Published: January 2020

Objective: Environment faces range of pollutions threats due to extensive industrialization and deforestation. In exists scenario metal contamination deadly one among them. Beryllium is 44th most abundant element in earth crust which executes their discharge in society through fossils fuel combustion besides daily routines things as in chips of electric gadgets jewelry, dental crown. The objective of the present investigation was the reduction of beryllium harmful effect through naringenin in female albino rats.

Methods: Female rats were administered by 1mg/kg dose intraperitoneally daily for 28 days alone as well as before/along with three doses (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) of naringenin orally (7 days once in day). Hematological and serological analysis was performed for this clinical research.

Results: Beryllium exposure caused severe alteration in hematological markers evident by a significant diminishment of hemoglobin, red blood corpuscles, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit and promoted the level of white blood corpuscles and platelets. Similarly, serological parameters; triglycerides cholesterol and glucose were altered significantly as the response of lipid bilayer peroxidation. All these variables were retrieval near to control ardently by three doses of naringenin.

Conclusion: In short naringenin might be useful as in natural chelation for beryllium body burden.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF PYRAZOLO [3,4]-PYRIMIDINE-THIONES USING IONIC LIQUID 2-METHYL-IMIDAZOLIUM-OXALATE AS POTENT EHRLICH ASCITES CARCINOMA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
Authors: GANESH N YALLAPPA  , NAGARAJA D  , CHANDRASHEKHAR U
Published: January 2020

Objective: Pyrazolopyrimidines are heterocyclic molecules containing nitrogen as the main composition, and hence, they exhibit pharmacological efficacy. They are analogs of purines so that possessing wide applications in the field of medicinal chemistry. The main objective of this study is to synthesize different derivatives of pyrazole-pyrimidine classes by adopting simple methodology as well as by employing green chemistry. The purpose of the synthesis of these molecules is to study the antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines.
Methods: After literature studies, it makes us to involve in the research of synthetic organic chemistry, especially to synthesize new compounds of pyrazolopyrimidines. We are reported solvent-free synthesis of pyrazolo [3,4-d]-pyrimidine-thiones through ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate, thiourea, and different benzaldehydes. An ionic liquid 2-methyl-imidazolium-oxalate catalyzed the reactions under ultrasonication bath. Both conventional and ultrasonic methods were employed and comparison studies have been made. It was found that ultrasonic method completed the reaction quicker than the conventional method. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed their structures by 1HNMR, Fourier transform infrared, 13C-NMR, and elemental analysis spectra. The compounds were tested for in vitro anticancer activity against EAC cell lines. Most compounds revealed significant anticancer activity relative to doxorubicin as a positive control with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values.
Results: Ultrasonication method is a simple method under which all the reactions were completed at faster time (<7 min) compared to the convention method. Among eight molecules, 8a and 8d completed the reactions at a faster rate. We reported IC50 values of all the molecules, in which 8e and 8g were exhibited excellent potency against EAC cell lines at different concentrations .
Conclusions: Ultrasonication method is an excellent method for the organic synthesis. We are herein reported that under this method, all the reactions are completed within 7 min. Hence, it is superior method than the conventional method. All synthesized molecules have shown good inhibitor potency against EAC cell lines. Among them, two molecules 8e and 8g have shown excellent inhibitor potency.
ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF PERILLYL ALCOHOL, A MONOTERPENE ON HIGH-FAT DIET LOW-DOSE STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETES IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS
Authors: TOWSEEF HASSAN  , ELANCHEZHIYAN C  , INSHA NASEER
Published: January 2020

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of Perillyl alcohol (POH) in high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats.

Methods: In experimental rats fed with HFD for 4 weeks, diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (35 mg/kg body weight [BW]). Three days after STZ induction, the hyperglycemic rats were treated with POH orally at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg BW daily for 30 days. Glibenclamide (6 mg/kg BW) was used as reference drug. Blood glucose level, BW, fluid intake, and food intake such as parameters were analyzed throughout the experiment period. Serum and plasma biochemical parameters were also estimated. Assay on insulin resistance was also done. Histological study of the pancreas and liver was also performed.

Results: POH orally at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg BW for 30 days significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently reduced and normalized blood glucose levels as compared to that of HFD+STZ control group. Serum and plasma parameters were significantly (p<0.05) restored toward the normal levels in POH-treated rats as compared to HFD-STZ control animals. Histological study of liver and pancreas also shows the prominent regeneration in POH and glibenclamide treated rats.

Conclusion: The present study concludes that POH demonstrated promising antidiabetic action in HFD STZ-induced diabetic rats.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SUBSTITUTED 1,3,4-OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVE: DERIVED FROM CIPROFLOXACIN
Authors: ANUJ SINGHAI  , GUPTA M.K.
Published: January 2020

Objective: The purpose of this research is synthesized and evaluates different derivatives of oxadiazole.

Methods: A novel series of substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative were synthesized by condensing different amine with 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7- (piperazin-1-yl)-3-(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)quinolin-4(1H)-one (III) in the presence of formaldehyde. The structure of these novel synthesized compounds was characterized on the bases of physicochemical and spectral analysis. The title compounds (IVa-h) were screened for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method.

Results: Substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for antibacterial activity. Compounds IVa, IVd, IVe, IVf, and IV h showed enhance activities then ciprofloxacin against all Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Compound IVe showed the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus and compound IV showed the highest activity against Escherichia coli.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrates the synthesis and characterization of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives derived from ciprofloxacin. These compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative organism. In some cases, antibacterial activity is found to be enhanced as compared to standard drug ciprofloxacin.
SANSEVIERIA HYACINTHOIDES (L.) DRUCE: A REVIEW OF ITS BOTANY, MEDICINAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: ALFRED MAROYI
Published: January 2020

Sansevieria hyacinthoides is a succulent perennial herb widely used as herbal medicine. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of the botany, biological activities, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of S. hyacinthoides. Documented information on the botany, biological activities, medicinal uses, and phytochemistry of S. hyacinthoides was collected from several online sources which included BMC, Scopus, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier, PubMed and Web of Science. Additional information on the botany, biological activities, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of S. hyacinthoides was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles, and scientific publications obtained from the university library. This study showed that the leaf sap, leaves, rhizomes, roots, and whole plant parts of S. hyacinthoides are used as ethnoveterinary medicine, magical purposes, to dilate birth canal and as herbal medicine for fever, respiratory problems, intestinal parasites, worms, rheumatism, swellings, skin infections, sexually transmitted infections, hemorrhoids, toothache, diarrhea, stomach problems, insect and snake bites, earache, and infections. Phytochemical analyses revealed that the leaves, rhizomes, and roots are characterized by alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. Pharmacological research revealed that S. hyacinthoides crude extracts have anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. Future ethnopharmacological research should focus on carrying out detailed phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological studies.
ONE-POT SYNTHESIS OF 2,4,5-TRIARYLIMIDAZOLES FROM KETO-OXIMES: CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: KRANTHI KUMAR T  , SREENIVASULU R
Published: January 2020

Background and Objective: Imidazole scaffold is pervasive in pharmaceuticals and it possesses diverse type of biological activities, especially triarylimidazole derivatives are biologically prominent molecules which inspired the current investigation. The objective of the work is to synthesize 15 novel 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives and evaluate their antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activity against selected bacterial and fungal strains.

Methods: The title compounds 2,4,5-triaryl-imidazole were synthesized from the corresponding aryl aldehydes and keto-oximes through the cyclization to N-hydroxyimidazoles and reduced thermally to the different imidazole derivatives. Agar disc diffusion method is employed for the antimicrobial and antimycobacterial studies.

Results: Fifteen novel 2,4,5-triarylimidazoles were synthesized in adequate yields and characterization of the molecules was done by detailed spectral analysis using advanced analytical support. Results disclosed that all the synthesized compounds were exhibiting antimicrobial properties. Compounds 3h, 3g, 3b, and 3m were stated to possess potent antimicrobial properties in the given bacterial and fungal strains.

Conclusion: The current investigation results support the antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activity of the synthesized 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives. Further, research is necessary to explore the mechanism involved in the antimicrobial activity.
SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION OF PENTAZOCINE AND NALOXONE BY STABILITY INDICATING REVERSE-PHASE-HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD
Authors: RAMA KUMAR KANDULA  , RAJA SUNDARARAJAN
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to develope a stability indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for simultaneous assay of pentazocine and naloxone in bulk and tablets.

Methods: Pentazocine and naloxone were analyzed on Dionex C18 column using 0.1M K2HPO4 buffer (pH 4.0) and methanol (60:40, v/v) as the mobile phase. The concentration of pentazocine and naloxone was quantified by photodiode array detector set at 248 nm. The method was validated in compliance with ICH rules. Pentazocine and naloxone tablet formulation was subjected to forced degradation such as acid, neutral and alkali hydrolysis, oxidation, photo, and thermal degradation.

Results: The method was linear, with R2=0.9999 in the concentration range 100–300 μg/ml for pentazocine and R2=0.9995 in the concentration range 1–3 μg/ml for naloxone. The level of detection and quantification was 0.097 μg/ml and 0.322 μg/ml for pentazocine and 0.0073 μg/ml and 0.0243 μg/ml for naloxone, respectively. The degraded products are resolved well from pentazocine and naloxone with significantly different retention time values. From validation results, it was proved that the method is selective, precise, robust, and accurate for the estimation of pentazocine and naloxone simultaneously.

Conclusion: The developed stability-indicating HPLC method can be applied for quantitative determination of pentazocine and naloxone in tablets.
Mercosurización de la democracia y los Derecho Humanos: ¿Reaseguro para su vigencia versus regresión con Unasur?
Authors: Morales Antoniazzi Mariela
Published: January 2020

Con este trabajo se analiza el papel que ha tenido la democracia en las cuestiones jurídicas y políticas en el sr del continente americano, así como el importante papel que juega en materia de derechos humanos.  También se hace una conclusión sobre los avances y retrocesos que ha tenido esta región del continente con los tratados firmados en materia de derechos humanos.
El discurso publicitario desde el enfoque de los derechos humanos
Authors: García Huerta Daniel Antonio
Published: January 2020

La publicidad comercial, durante mucho tiempo, ha sido considerada como el ejercicio de acciones exclusivamente de carácter comercial o propagandístico, dejando de lado algunos otros aspectos que resultan de interés y beneficio para la sociedad. El presente documento retoma la perspectiva del discurso publicitario desde un enfoque de derecho humanos, analizando su ejercicio y desarrollo en el marco de la libertad de expresión y el derecho a la información, así como su utilidad en la promoción y educación de los derechos humanos.
La función del reconocimiento y la autodeterminación en los principios del Derecho Internacional Humanitario Consuetudinario de Mexihko - Tenochtitlan
Authors: García Espíndola José Luís
Published: January 2020

Este artículo es una síntesis dialéctica entre la guerra florida del México precuahtémico y el Derecho Internacional Humanitario, a través del hilo conductor de los usos costumbres, en tanto que son fuente de derecho consuetudinario, lo que, incluyecategorías filosóficas, tales como el reconocimiento y la autodeterminación. Se analizan los procesos de juridificación internacional en materia humanitaria durante el ritual de la guerra florida, dicho estudio se hace a partir de la óptica de los principios de precaución de ataque y de distinción, así como el trato a prisioneros de guerra contenidos en los Convenios de Ginebra y sus Protocolos adicionales, para dar cuenta de una Confederación política de naciones aliadas. Así, se supera la noción imperial aztekah, que ha quedado obsoleta ante la hermenéutica que guía la lengua nahua.
Hegemonía periférica en la búsqueda para asegurar la responsabilidad del Consejo de Seguridad en el régimen de sanciones individuales de Naciones Unidas
Authors: Van Den Herik Larissa
Published: January 2020

Este articulo trata de acercarse a una problemática global que se da en el campo del Derecho, a la responsabilidad que tienen distintos organismos internacionales sobre el mismo asunto. En este caso específico se analiza la responsabilidad del Consejo de Seguridad en sanciones individuales que la ONU emite, esto desde la perspectiva de las sentencias Kadi I y II.
Realizando la utopía como un esfuerzo doctrinal
Authors: Peters Anne
Published: January 2020

Este artículo examina si y cómo la academia jurídica internacional puede lograr el objetivo alcanzado por otras ciencias exitosas, esto es, la acumulación de conocimiento replicable. Se reflexiona sobre las ideologías y políticas que influyen en la actividad jurídico-académica, que no está completamente “libre de valores”. Por último, se analiza cómo la práctica y la academia jurídica internacional pueden apoyarse mutuamente.
Análisis crítico de los derechos humanos desde la modernidad alternativa radical
Authors: Anaya Mario Magallón
Published: January 2020

Actualmente los sujetos individuales, sociales, colectivos y comunitarios tienen grandes problemas para elegir cuál y qué es lo más adecuado para la construcción de una ética, una política, un sistema jurídico, un sistema económico, etc., esto, en gran medida, es resultado de un mundo global capitalista, en el que las élites capitalistas económicas globales de las metrópolis dominantes europeas y norteamericanas determinan el rumbo de nuestras sociedades. En este contexto, los derechos humanos deben convertirse en un arma de reivindicación de la clase humana explotada y reprimida por los dominadores. Lo que se trata de hacer hoy es enriquecer y resemantizar la idea de dignidad humana con justicia y equidad solidaria en libertad y democracia; desarrollar una forma alterna de tratar los derechos humanos desde un análisis filosófico práctico, es decir, desde una propuesta ontoepistémica y fenomenológica que, con ayuda de la herramienta hermenéutica analógica, pretenda construir una fundamentación ontológica que abarque tanto a la universidad del ser humano como su contextualidad existencial. El género humanos, interpretado como la humanidad, debe colocarse en el centro de todas las políticas y los derechos, sólo así podemos replantear los derechos humanos como derechos morales, éticos y políticos.
Apuntes sobre la implementación del nuevo régimen de transparencia en México
Authors: Azuara Cecilia
Published: January 2020

El artículo trata de un nuevo régimen de transparencia y acceso a la información que está por implementarse en México, desarrolla articuladamente los principios constitucionales que deben regir en la materia, establece los parámetros mínimos que deben seguirse para garantizar de manera efectiva el derecho de acceso a la información y una política de transparencia en todos los órganos del Estado Mexicano y el nuevo Instituto Nacional de Transparencia, Acceso a la Información y Protección de Datos Personales que amplía sus facultades y su ámbito de competencia de manera importante. Estos apuntes tienen como propósito describir el nuevo régimen de transparencia que ha tenido lugar a partir de la reforma al artículo 6º constitucional de 2014, así como realizar una aproximación hacía las complejidades de su implementación.
El impacto de los derechos europeos (CEDH y derecho de la Unión) en la justicia constitucional italiana
Authors: Martinico Giuseppe
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar las principales tendencias de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional italiano en materia de derecho de la Unión Europea (UE) y del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos (CEDH). El artículo se divide en tres partes: la primera parte ofrece una breve panorámica de las normas constitucionales principales con referencia al derecho internacional público; la segunda está dedicada a la jurisprudencia constitucional en tema de derecho de la UE, mientras que la tercera aborda la jurisprudencia relacionada con el Convenio europeo.
¿Existió un tribunal constitucional en México?
Authors: Marín Macías Ricardo
Published: January 2020

Este artículo explica si existió o no un Tribunal Constitucional en México a partir de los órganos y las funciones de control de la constitucionalidad que tuvieron vigencia en el país; la investigación abarca a las seis Constituciones históricas, incluyendo a la original de 1917 y sus principales reformas constitucionales de 1988, 1995 y 2011.
La objeción de conciencia de los jueces del registro civil para celebrar matrimonios entre personas del mismo sexo
Authors: Hernández Martínez Ulises Eric
Published: January 2020

La objeción conciencia analizada desde el punto de vista del derecho constitucional, entendida como el incumplimiento de un individuo de determinada disposición legal que le obliga a actuar en contra de su conciencia o le impide obrar conforme a ella, no puede ser ejercida por los servidores públicos encargados de celebrar los matrimonios, quienes por mandato legal llevar a cabo este tipo de uniones entre personas del mismo sexo, lo que podría ocasionar una intromisión injustificada del estado en su fuero interno.
Plenos de circuito en México: ¿órganos eficaces para la construcción del criterio jurisdiccional regional?
Authors: Hernández López Alma Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

Este documento contiene un breve análisis sobre los Plenos de Circuito, su establecimiento, naturaleza y primordialmente, a la luz de la problemática que en lo fáctico constituye su funcionamiento, el escrutinio de su eficacia para construir la doctrina jurisdiccional regional, el precedente uniforme y relevante que dote de seguridad y sentido al sistema jurídico.
Técnica de defensa constitucional ante los formalismos procesales del nuevo sistema general de responsabilidades administrativas para servidores públicos y particulares
Authors: Parada Sánchez David Alejandro
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo consiste en un análisis del nuevo modelo de Responsabilidad Administrativa de Servidores Públicos y Particulares, derivado de la Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas, publicada en dieciocho de julio de dos mil dieciséis, con un enfoque crítico desde la técnica jurídica, para establecer métodos y estrategias para garantizar un ejercicio pleno de una defensa adecuada para el infractor, superando las formalidades procesales.

A través de un método analítico, sistemático, comparativo y deductivo, se establecerán los parámetros de defensa que pueden intentarse, utilizando herramientas normativas como lo es la propia Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas, Ley de Amparo y las disposiciones vigentes que rigen el Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa; además, de las jurisprudencias emitidas por el Poder Judicial de la Federación.

Las anteriores normas enlistadas, serán sujetas de un análisis hermenéutico crítico, para definir la procedencia e improcedencia de medios de defensa, así como, la naturaleza de los actos de autoridad, para verificar conclusivamente la validez sustancial de los formalismos procesales, que incluso, podrían tener como consecuencia, una negativa formal de acceso a la justicia.
Visión retrospectiva de la nueva legislación de minería de 1892
Authors: García y Moisés Enrique
Published: January 2020

Es un texto monográfico que versa sobre la Legislación Minera de 1892, promulgada por le gobierno de Porfirio Díaz. (1876- 1880-1884-1911) la ley tenia como esencia que daba a perpetuidad la Posesión de las minas, lo cual significaba una renuncia tácita por parte del gobierno a la soberanía del suelo en perjuicio de la nación.

 Se van haciendo comentario sobre los artículos principales de la legislación, y se da una explicación de las razones que tuvo el gobierno al promulgar dicha ley.
La argumentación jurídica como método científico de verificación
Authors: Obregón Salinas Gonzalo Levi
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación busca utilizar a la Teoría de la Argumentación Jurídica, como método de verificación de la ciencia jurídica mediante las variables: Verdad, Lenguaje, Teoría, Tiempo y Consciencia.
Ciencia, tecnología y estado moderno: elementos de la biopolítica potencializadores del racismo
Authors: Sarmiento Sarmiento Leticia
Published: January 2020

El racismo es una de las categorías que permiten entender diversas cuestiones en torno a la violencia social. Su utilidad radica en que puede explicar el exterminio de minorías, la exclusión social, la estratificación, la poca asimilación de los inmigrantes, los feminicidios, delitos cibernéticos, el secuestro, el fenómeno de linchamientos o la presencia de héroes anónimos. La segregación moderna aunada con la ciencia y tecnología, se desarrolla de manera paralela al advenimiento y establecimiento del Estado Moderno que se sustenta en sus aparatos de control e ideológicos en sincronía con el discurso político del capitalismo, denominado Biopolítica.
Cultural Continuity in Bospor of the 4th–6th Centuries through the Archaeological Lens
Authors: Klemeshov Aleksey , Gorlanov Sergey , Dryga Danila , Mochalov Aleksandr
Published: January 2020

The paper focuses on the study of the monument that dates back to the Migration Period — Verkhnegostagayevsky settlement (Krasnodar Krai). It describes the core findings of complex archaeological excavations of the fortress on the spurs of the Main Caucasian Range, which allowed not only to get a general idea of the archaeological monument in a fairly short time, but also to evaluate its significance for the history of both the Northern Black Sea region and the North Caucasus at the turn of the two eras. The authors describe the fortification and layout of the site, which was a large political or sacred centre.
Russian National Scientific Conference with International Participants “Historical Challenges and Economic Development of Russia” (Yekaterinburg, September 25–26, 2019)
Authors: Artemov Evgeniy , Bugrov Konstantin
Published: January 2020

The conference brought together over 100 Russian and international scholars. They discussed issues of fundamental importance for understanding Russia's economic development in the imperial, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. These include features of Russian modernizations, the role of institutional, sociocultural and geopolitical factors in the choice of development strategies, the general and the special, continuity and gaps in the economic policy, the history of industry, the farming sector, transport, the financial system, regional development, living standards over time, etc. The discussion revealed fruitful complementary studies of economic processes at macro and micro levels, the need for a long-term perspective in understanding their vector in the context of the “biggest challenges”.
International Scientific Conference “XII Kant-Readings. Kant and the Ethics of the Enlightenment: Historical Foundations and Modern Significance” (Kaliningrad, April 21–25, 2019)
Authors: Dmitrieva Nina , Zil'ber Andrey , Chalyy Vadim , Kiselev Aleksandr , Bonadyseva Polina
Published: January 2020

The 12th Kant Readings at Academia Kantiana, Institute for the Humanities of Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University focused on the ethical thought of Kant and other philosophers of the Enlightenment. The reports and discussions presented an analysis of Kant's ethical concepts, new studies of the history of ethical thought in the Enlightenment, reception of Kant's ethics and Enlightenment in the Russian and Western thinking. Special attention was paid to thematic sections on interdisciplinary issues of ethics and aesthetics, the philosophy of politics and the philosophy of education. One of the most debated topics was understanding the latest trends in sci-tech development from the point of view of ethical principles of the existence of human society. It was noted that, on the one hand, the current social and intellectual conditions form a different, compared with Kant’s era, communication environment, and on the other, the concepts of the 18th century retain the value and heuristic potential for our time and are suitable for adaptation in the process of developing strategies for “New Enlightenment”.