bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APLICAÇÃO DE BACTÉRIAS DIAZOTRÓFICAS VIA SISTEMA DE IRRIGAÇÃO PARA FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO NA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR
Authors: Simões Welson Lima , Oliveira Anderson Ramos , Reis Veronica Massena , Pereira Willian , Lima Jair Andrade
Published: August 2018

Os custos dos fertilizantes nitrogenados representam uma limitação ao cultivo da cultura da cana-de-açúcar, sendo uma das alternativas a utilização de bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio. Entretanto, diante da competitividade do mercado, estudos ainda são necessários para determinação da forma mais viável para o fornecimento das bactérias. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de bactérias diazotróficas fixadoras de nitrogênio, via água de irrigação, no desenvolvimento da cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi realizado na casa de vegetação da Embrapa Semiárido, em Petrolina-PE, no delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, onde se avaliou o comportamento das cultivares de cana-de-açúcar RB92579 e VAT90212 em duas épocas de aplicação: 10 e 20 dias após emergência e em três concentrações de solução inoculante de bactérias: 106, 107 e 108 células mL-1, aplicadas via sistema de irrigação. A cultivar RB92579 apresentou um desenvolvimento melhor que a cultivar VAT90212. A época mais adequada de aplicação das bactérias diazotróficas via sistema de irrigação é aos 10 dias após a emergência das plantas, em cana planta. A concentração de 106 células mL-1 proporciona maior biomassa fresca e seca de colmo, sendo esta concentração a mais indicada para se proceder a inoculação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Biometria, Cana Planta, Concentração De Inoculante. APPLICATION OF DIAZOTROPHIC BACTERIA BY IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR BIOLOGICAL FIXATION OF NITROGEN IN SUGARCANEABSTRACT: The costs of nitrogen fertilizers represent a limitation to the cultivation of sugarcane. One of the alternatives to supply the demand is the use of nitrogen fixing bacteria. In irrigated crops, it is necessary to evaluate viable forms for the supply of bacteria. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of nitrogen fixing diazotrophic bacteria by irrigation water in the development of sugarcane. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina-PE, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, with four replications, where the behavior of RB92579 and VAT90212 sugarcane varieties was evaluated in two application times: 10 and 20 days after emergence and in three concentrations of bacterial inoculum solution: 106, 107 and 108 mL-1 cells, applied by irrigation water. The cultivar RB92579 presented better development than the cultivar VAT90212. The most appropriate time of application of the diazotrophic bacteria via irrigation system is at 10 days after the emergence of the plants, in plant cane. The concentration of 106 cells mL-1 gives higher fresh and dry biomass of stalk, this concentration being the most appropriate for inoculation.KEYWORDS: Biometry, Plant Cane, Inoculant Concentration.
BALANÇO ENERGÉTICO DOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE CAFÉ CONVENCIONAL E IRRIGADO
Authors: Turco Patricia Helena Nogueira , Esperancini Maura Seiko Tsutsui , Bueno Osmar de Carvalho , Mascarenhas Oliveira Marli Dias
Published: August 2018

Neste estudo, estimamos os dispêndios energéticos nos sistemas de produção de café convencional e irrigado por gotejo. Para tal, construiu-se o itinerário técnico dos quatro anos de produção de café dos dois sistemas. Os insumos utilizados (mão-de-obra, horas máquina, irrigação, defensivos, fertilizantes, entre outros) convertidos em unidades de energia, quantificaram as entradas energéticas, enquanto a produção de café em grão beneficiado constituiu a saída energética. Para o levantamento dos requerimentos de insumos e de volume de produção de café utilizou-se uma amostragem probabilística intencional. Foram entrevistados cinco produtores cuja principal fonte de renda é a produção de café e que mantêm registros dos dados da cultura. Os resultados energéticos mostram que na estrutura de dispêndios energéticos por tipo, fonte e origem, tem-se que a energia indireta participou com mais de 66%, sendo os adubos os dispêndios mais altos. O balanço energético, que mostra a diferença entre as energias totais e “entradas” de energias não renováveis, foi positivo nos dois sistemas produtivos, em média de 25.258,55 MJ ha-1 para o café convencional e 26.712,94 MJ ha-1 para o café irrigado por gotejo. A melhor opção entre os dois sistemas para o produtor em termos energéticos é o café irrigado por gotejo, pois possibilita que o produtor tenha uma melhor saída de energia mesmo tendo um valor maior no balanço energético.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Café, Sistema De Produção, Dispêndios Energéticos. ENERGY BALANCE OF CONVENTIONAL AND IRRIGATED COFFEE PRODUCTION SYSTEMSABSTRACT: In this study, we estimated the energy expenditure in both conventional and drip irrigated coffee production systems. Therefore, the technical itinerary from both systems four years coffee production was constructed. The inputs used (labor, machine hours, irrigation, pesticides, fertilizers, among others) were converted into energy units quantifying the energy input, while the benefited coffee beans produced the output energy.  An intentional and non-probabilistic sampling was used to survey the systems requirements of inputs and volume of coffee production. Five producers were interviewed whose main source of income is coffee production and have kept records of crop data.   Indirect energy represented   more than 66% of energy balance, from which fertilizers expressed the highest expenditures. The energy balance, which shows the difference between total energies and non-renewable energies, was positive in both production systems, averaging 25,258.55 MJ ha-1 in conventional coffee and 26,712.94 MJ ha-1 in  drip irrigated coffee. Regarding energy balance, the best system option is drip irrigated coffee, since it allows the producer to have a better output of energy even though with higher value in energy balance.KEYWORDS: Coffee, Production System, Energy Expenditure.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO QUÍMICA E PROTEÔMICA DOS GRÃOS SECOS DE DESTILARIA COM SOLÚVEIS (DDGS) DE MILHO
Authors: Spneski Sperotto Felipe Carlos , Brandão Fernando João Bispo , Leite Aline de Lima , Padilha Pedro de Magalhães , Biaggioni Marco Antonio Martin
Published: August 2018

Com a busca por combustíveis de fontes renováveis aumentou-se o interesse pelo etanol. No Brasil, a possibilidade da produção de etanol a partir da cultura do milho, apresenta-se como uma alternativa promissora, principalmente no período da entressafra da cana-de-açúcar. Após a produção de etanol do milho, gera-se um coproduto conhecido como ``distiller’s dried grains with soluble (DDGS)`` ou grãos secos de destilaria com solúveis, usado na alimentação animal como fonte de proteína.  Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as proteínas e quantificar os minerais de interesse presentes no DDGS de milho, permitindo assim, um melhor emprego deste coproduto como fonte de energia na forma de alimentação animal. Para tanto, foram utilizadas técnicas analíticas de caracterização química e bioquímica. Os resultados indicam que o DDGS de milho apresenta em sua constituição mineral, altas concentrações de enxofre, cobre e cobalto indicando a necessidade de caracterizar o produto antes de disponibiliza-lo como ração. O uso da técnica proteômica possibilitou levantar 191 proteínas presentes no DDGS.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ZEA mays, Resíduos Agroindustriais, Proteômica, Nutrição Animal. CHEMICAL AND PROTEOMICS CHARACTERIZATION OF CORN DISTILLER’S DRIED GRAINS WITH SOLUBLES (DDGS) ABSTRACT: The search for fuels from renewable sources increases the interest in ethanol. In Brazil, the possibility of ethanol production from maize is a promising alternative, especially in the sugarcane off-season. After the corn ethanol production, a co-product known as "distiller's dried grains with soluble (DDGS)" is generated and used as a protein source in animal feed. This work aimed to characterize the proteins and quantify the minerals of interest present in the corn DDGS, thus allowing a better use of this coproduct as an energy source for animal feed. For that, a chemical and biochemical analytical techniques were used for characterization. The results indicate that the mineral corn DDGS presents in its constitution, high concentrations of sulfur, copper and cobalt indicating the need to characterize the product before making it available as animal feed. The use of the proteomic technique allowed raising 191 proteins present in DDGS.KEYWORDS: ZEA mays, Agro-Industrial Wastes, Proteomics, Animal Nutrition.
What are Histones? v1
Authors: Schmitt Thomas
Published: August 2018

Histones are a family of basic proteins that associate with DNA in the nucleus and help condense it into chromatin, they are alkaline (basic pH) proteins, and their positive charges allow them to associate with DNA. They are found inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. DNA and histones are packed together to be nucleosome, nucleosome form a pack which are called chromatin, two chromatin form a chromosome.
Psychotherapy and Science: the Problem of the “Schism”
Authors: Vorobyeva L.I.
Published: August 2018

The differentiation between psychotherapy and scientific psychology, including its applied branches, allows to remove the problem of the “schism” between them, set in 1996 by F.E. Vasilyuk on the basis of Vygotsky’s “philosophy of practice” and is still discussed in the domestic literature on the methodology of psychology. Tracing the history of the “schism” problem in Russian psychology, the author concludes that this “imaginary problem” is a consequence of the syncretic association of psychotherapy and applied branches of psychology into a single conglomerate of “practical psychology” that was made by methodolo gists without bothering with special cultural-historical and typological analysis of modern anthropropraxis. The methodology and conceptual apparatus for this kind of analysis is proposed, which allows us to conduct a reasoned demarcation between two types of modern anthropropraxis: “functional-technological” and “existential-personal”. The first includes anthropopractic, derived from the modern European sciences, the second is represented by a new for the modern era — psychotherapy, which appeared due to the “mutation” of the clinical discourse produced by psychoanalysis.
Family Representations in Adolescents of Different Psychological Age
Authors: Gorlova E.L.
Published: August 2018

The paper analyses self-descriptions made by 32 subjects aged 14—15 years using the Incomplete Sentences technique (J.M. Sacks, S. Levy) and M. Kuhn and T. McPartland test “Who am I?” in T.V. Rumyantseva’s modification. There are three topics of reflection in the adolescent’s responses: activity, communication and self-consciousness. The psychological age of the participants was defined according to the topic which dominated in their self-descriptions: pre-adolescent (situation-based, practical, activity-oriented level of reflection), early adolescent (communicative) and late adolescent (personality-based level of reflection). The outcomes of the study were then compared to other Russian studies of reflection in adolescents. Also, the paper presents a qualitative analysis of the adolescents’ short stories about family life which depicted, as the instruction had put it, the relationships between members of one family, their everyday life and traditions. The paper reveals the differences and similarities in family representations of the adolescents of early and late adolescent psychological age and explores the correlations between the adolescents’ psychological age (the level of their reflection) and their attitudes towards their family, mothers, fathers and to themselves.
Emotion regulation strategies in Russian and Azerbaijani culture
Authors: Pankratova A.A. , Osin E.N.
Published: August 2018

We test the measurement invariance of a Russian-language version of ERQ (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) by J. Gross in two student samples from Russia (N=282) and Azerbaijan (N=190) with a comparable demographic profile (mean age 19, 33,8% males and 66,2 % females). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis provided support for strong invariance, which allows to compare mean observed scores across the cultures. We did not find any significant differences in the mean preference for cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression between the cultures. In Russia, the two strategies were independent, whereas Azerbaijani respondents were more likely to use both strategies at the same time (r = .33, p < .01). Males scored higher on expressive suppression both in Russia (d = .40, p < .01) and in Azerbaijan (d = .64, p < .001); we found no gender differences in cognitive reappraisal. The results are interpreted in combination with findings of our previous comparative studies of emotional processes in Russia and Azerbaijan.
Specificity of the relationship between emotional and conceptual components of educational motivation
Authors: Vartanova I.I.
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this work was to study the sexual characteristics of the relationship between the emotional reflection of high school students in the objects-values of school life and their awareness of the reasons for the need for schooling (motivation). Separately for groups of boys and girls, the following were revealed: 1) the structure of the emotional attitude to the values of school life by means of factor analysis of estimates using the method of the Semantic Differential; 2) the correlation of the identified factors with different explanations-motivations of the reasons for schooling (70 options). Schoolchildren of grades 9—11 (15—17 years) of two schools in Moscow were studied, only 253 pupils (132 boys and 121 girls), including 90 students at the same time (48 boys and 42 girls). As a result, it was found that boys have 3 factors of emotional attitude to learning (cognitive motivation, avoidance and affiliation), while girls have 4. In addition to three similar to boys, they have a communication factor. The interrelationships of these factors-motives with the variants of a conscious explanation of the reasons for the need for schooling were revealed, which made it possible to discover the qualitative specifics of the conceptual sphere of students of different sexes.
Early Parent-Child Interaction Assessment Techniques
Authors: Tokarskaya L.V. , Lavrova M.A.
Published: August 2018

The article reviews the scales for assessing early parent-child interaction which can be predictive in terms of the child’s behavioural, cognitive and motor skills. We describe the most common surveys used in the studies of parental behaviour and attitudes. The scales for expert assessment of early parent-child interaction are presented according to the following scheme: a set of characteristics of the investigated behavior; specifics of organizing the interaction; features of evaluation. Then we focus on the difficulties of using the rating scales as such among which are, for instance: the absence of normal rates for the Russian sample of subjects; difficulties with ensuring objective outcomes of expertise; the possibility of socially desired behaviour; significant time and financial resources required for these studies. But in many ways the parent-child interaction rating scales are an important and informative tool for exploring interactions from a number of perspectives.
The Problem of Orientation and Navigation of Personality in Anthropology: Methodological Framework
Authors: Smirnov S.A.
Published: August 2018

The paper introduces the concept of orientation and navigation of personality as a cultural practice. It draws a distinction between orientation and navigation. Orientation can be seen as a practice of checking with signs and landmarks existing in the space of culture, while navigation is understood as a practice of designing personal routes which one uses in order to find his/her place in the world. The paper explores the transition from orientation in traditional cultures in which the orientation practice was based on the con cept of the World Tree as the universal reference point, to modern societies in which the basic landmarks and foundations ceased to be generally accepted. Ideas and concepts of orientation in human philosophy and psychology are reviewed using the concepts of P.Ya. Gallperin and B.D. El’konin. It is revealed that an individual, navigating not only through the natural space-time, but also through the semantic symbolic field, forms those necessary scaffoldings that become parts of the architectonics of his/her personality.
Child Development: Two Paradigms
Authors: Veraksa N.E.
Published: August 2018

There are two ways of comprehending child development. The first one stresses the cultural essence of man. It regards the child as a human being that has not yet acquired culture and is faced with the task of its acquisition. The important part of culture is the system of norms, including various means and patterns, the so-called ‘ideal forms’. The bearer of these ideal forms and culture is the adult. The zone of proximal development is not for inventing new forms of culture, but for mastering the norms that already exist. Another approach sees the child as an individual with endless, limitless abilities. Thus the task that arises before the adult is to ensure that the child’s potential is fulfilled. This implies reaching out beyond the limits of the zone of proximal development as the abilities are limitless. And that, in turn, implies another space, aimed at new forms of culture which have not yet existed. We have called this the space of child actualization. In this space, the child’s role is the leading one. In its very sense this space is the opposite of the zone of proximal development where the acquisition of the old norms occurs (i.e. the assimilation of the child into culture); on the contrary, the space of actualization is a place where new norms are created, where the adult helps the child to implement the latter’s intentions, and where culture is assimilated into the child.
Psychologization of preschool education in the works of O.M. Dyachenko (to the 70th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Smirnova E.O. , Klopotova E.E.
Published: August 2018

The article presents the contribution of the Russian scientist, doctor of sciences, professor, corresponding member of RAO Olga Mikhailovna Dyachenko in child psychology and pre-school education. “Psychologization” of education and the involvement of psychology in educational practice permeate all her work. As a student of L. A. Wenger, she together with him and his staff became the сreator of the original educational program “Development” O.M. Dyachenko is the сreator of the original psychological concept of the creative imagination of the preschooler. It has developed a diagnostic methodology for assessing the level of development of the imagination, which today is the basis for assessing the imagination and is widely used in practical work and research. O.M. Dyachenko identified and distinguished two types and two types of imagination — cognitive and emotional. With emotional imagination, children often use symbols of their experiences, which are originally borrowed from culture, and then created independently. O.M. Dyachenko describes the stages of development of imagination, which are only the possibilities of each age, which are not always realized. In this regard, there was a direction associated with the ”pedagogy of preschool imagination”. Forms of work with children have been developed that contribute to the development of creative abilities of children. As a result of the conducted researches the program “Gifted child” has appeared, allowing to carry out educational work with gifted senior preschoolers.
A alegoria benjaminiana na corte e na bohème
Authors: Amary Michel
Published: August 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar como Walter Benjamin fundamenta o conceito de alegoria no Barroco alemão e na Modernidade parisiense. Para isso deve-se passar primeiro por uma concepção histórica do conceito de alegoria, tomando a interpretação de Benjamin sobre o debate aberto por Friedrich Creuzer. Depois, deve-se representar a alegoria nas figuras do Barroco alemão, como o soberano, o cortesão e a corte. Após, deve-se mostrar como a alegoria se apresenta nos boulevares da Modernidade nas figuras de Charles Baudelaire. Por fim espera-se, a partir dessa aproximação, marcar, na transitoriedade que a caracteriza, um diagnóstico sobre a incapacidade de transcendência e a face oculta de nosso tempo.
Balzac, Machado e a teoria dos espectros
Authors: Da Rosa Victor
Published: August 2018

Neste artigo procura-se discutir alguns aspectos da ficção machadiana a partir de uma teoria em voga no século XIX, “a teoria dos espectros” – que se desenvolveu por meio do interesse de Balzac na "fisiognomonia” (“arte de conhecer o caráter humano pelas feições do rosto”) e de alguma forma repercutiu no conceito benjaminiano de “inconsciente ótico”, que o filósofo desenvolveu em suas reflexões sobre a fotografia e Rosalind Krauss retomou décadas mais tarde. O artigo percorre certas passagens de Esaú e Jacó relacionadas à personagem de Flora a respeito de imagens “fantasmagóricas e demoníacas”, e também procura associar as Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, assim como alguns contos do autor fluminense, a exemplo de “Galeria póstuma”, ao debate da história da fotografia e da pintura sobre o subgênero “retrato mortuário”. O que se propõe, em linhas gerais, é indicar certas maneiras como Machado pôde captar, ainda no século XIX, uma espécie de energia onírica, diria Benjamin, ligada aos fantasmas.
Adli Otopsi İle Saptanan Şiloperikardiyum
Authors: Gök Ertuğrul , Fedakar Recep , Akan Okan
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this case report is to discuss a case of a 72-year- old woman with chylopericardium determined at forensic autopsy, together with the medicolegal dimensions and a brief review of the literature. She presented to a hospital with gastrointestinal symptoms five days after an assault resulting in injury that could have been resolved with a simple medical intervention. Following surgical treatment of incisional hernia and perforated colonic diverticulitis, the patient’s hemodynamics were stable, and monitoring and treatment were maintained. However, the patient died on the second day of hospitalization. Autopsy revealed that the pericardium was tense and that the cavity was filled with white, chylous fluid. A surgically sutured wound, areas of ecchymosis, membrane and point hemorrhage and adhesive areas were observed in the abdomen. No significant macroscopic findings of peritonitis were observed. Histopathological examination revealed edema in the lungs, expansion of the myocyte cytoplasm in the heart....
Çocuk Acil Servise Son 5 Yılda Gelen Zehirlenmeler: 1734 Olgunun Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Bozlu Gülçin , Kuyucu Necdet
Published: August 2018

Objective: Childhood poisoning is an important public health problem that can suddenly appear and it can lead to serious morbidity and mortality. In this study, we evaluated the children admitted to our pediatric emergency department due to poisoning within the last five years.
Materials and Methods: Between January 1,2013 and December 31, 2017, the records of 1734 children who applied to our pediatric emergency department due to poisoning were examined retrospectively. The cases were evaluated in terms of age, gender, reason for poisoning, pharmacological agents and management.
Results: In our study, the ratio of poisoning cases to all pediatric emergency admissions was 0,68%. Of those, 1020 (58.8%) were female and 714 (41.2%) were male (female to male ratio: 1.4). The mean age of the children was 9.68 ± 2.85 years (5 months-18 years) and the mean age of female was higher than that of the male (12.61 ± 2.7 years and 8.14 ± 3.7 years, respectively p= 0.07). The most frequent (%59.4) causes of poisoning were drugs and the most of them was analgesics (21.5%). 571 of the cases (32.9%) had suicide attempts. The cases were treated at pediatric emergency unit (66.2%), pediatrics department (10.9%), pediatric intensive care unit (3.5%) and pediatric surgery department (18.7%).
Conclusion: Our findings showed that the most common poisoning agents in children were drugs. A considerable part of these events was suicide attempt. The measures to be taken by environment, family, drug manufacturers and physicians may prevent childhood poisoning.
Death Due to Tianeptine Injection Through Inguinal Incision: Two Case Reports
Authors: Ketenci Hüseyin Çetin , Çakır Emel , Beyhun Nazım Ercüment , Boz Halil , Okumuş Hasan , Cingöz Gökhan , Şam Bülent
Published: August 2018

In recent years, drug use has come to the forefront as one of the most important problems of public health. Tianeptine is an antidepressant that is structurally similar to tricyclic antidepressants and is used for the treatment of depression but is also abused because its pleasing feature has been recognized by drug users. Two forensic cases were autopsied with an interval of 25 days. One case had unilateral unusual inguinal lesions. The other case bilateral unusual inguinal lesions. It was understood that these lesions were preformed, improved surgical catheter incisions in order to facilitate intravenous injections for drug abuse. This application, which was detected in the inguinal region, was found to be interesting. It is aimed to raise the awareness of this application, which is not found in the literature. As a result of the intense human transit, substance abuse habits and methods have also been transferred to citizens...
Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddet: Olgu Serisi
Authors: Cenger Cüneyt Destan , Börtlüoğlu Atiye , Tüzün Birgül , Göktepe Mustafa Cihad , Sezgin Ayşen Ufuk , Fincancı Şebnem Korur
Published: August 2018

The violence against health workers has been increasing worldwide and in Turkey, and is becoming a significant occupational health problem. The violence at healthcare settings is defined as “the threat behavior, verbal threat, economic abuse, physical aggression or sexual assault committed by the patient, patient’s relatives, or another individual, and causes risk for healthcare workers”. Our objective is evaluating the violence against healthcare workers who presented to outpatient clinics of Department of Forensic Medicine at … Five healthcare workers who presented due to the committed violence by the patient/patient’s relative were evaluated. The patients were aged between 26-47 years, and the mean age was 30.8 years. One patient was male. Three were physicians, one was a nurse, and the other was a caregiver. Physical violence in four patients, and psychiatric trauma in four patients were detected during the forensic examinations. Health workers have almost become the main responsible for the....
Yaz Mevsiminde Samsun’daki Nekrofaj Diptera Çeşitliliği
Authors: Kokdener Meltem , Zeybekoğlu Ünal , Gündüz Eylem
Published: August 2018

Objective: Necrophagousinsects are colonized cadavers immediately after death. Knowledge of the distribution, biology and behavior of necrophagous insects found at a crime scene can provide important trace about death. The most common application of insect evidence on body is the estimate the minimum time elapsed since death. The objective of this work was to to characterize the assemblage of Diptera, its richness, relative abundance in SamsunProvince, northern Turkey.
Materials and Methods: 3 traps (total 6) of 150 g liver were placed at two different natural areas selected from Samsun in June, July and August of 2017 and materials were collected consecutive days. The material was identified according to Spilza’s identification key. In our study, Shannon Wiener and Simpson Diversity Indexes were used to determine the biodiversity index of species in the sample groups of both regions.
Results and Conclusion: During the study, 2877 samples of 6 species belonging to 3 different families of Diptera group were collected from two different regions C. vicina, L. sericata, S. argyostoma, S. similis, Ch. albiceps, M. domestica were collected from the baited trap. Significant differences weren’t found between all species that were seen in both regions during the summer season. L. sericata was found to be the most abundant species in two locations during summer seasons. Ch. albiceps were recorded from July 15 to August 15 at OndokuzMayıs University Campus. S. similis were present during August. C. vicina, L. sericata, S. argyostoma were captured at two field during summer.
La filial trampolín: una innovación organizativa en la internacionalización de la empresa europea en Latinoamérica
Authors: Pla-Barber José
Published: August 2018

Este artículo dota de contenido teórico a los conceptos de país trampolín y filial trampolín. Una realidad en las relaciones España-Latinoamérica que, pese a estar continuamente presente en la agenda política y diplomática, no ha sido analizada desde el punto de vista de la investigación en dirección de empresas. La filial trampolín se configura como una innovación organizativa que permite capitalizar las ventajas del país trampolín en la mejora de la eficiencia de las estrategias de internacionalización de la empresa europea en Latinoamérica.
Aprendizaje organizativo, innovación y propensión exportadora
Authors: Alegre Vidal Joaquín
Published: August 2018

En la actualidad, cualquier empresa debe afrontar el cambio tecnológico, la competencia internacional y unos mercados cada vez más exigentes. La innovación de productos y la exportación siempre han sido considerados factores clave de la competitividad de la empresa, pero el actual entorno competitivo les está otorgando un protagonismo fundamental. Este trabajo tiene por objeto esclarecer las conexiones entre la innovación de productos y la exportación y, además, destacar el papel desempeñado por la capacidad de aprendizaje organizativo a la hora de fomentar la creatividad necesaria para desarrollar nuevos productos que resulten atractivos en los mercados locales e internacionales
Análisis del sistema regional de ciencia, tecnología e innovación del Valle del Cauca
Authors: Caicedo Asprilla Henry
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo tiene como propósito aplicar la metodología de redes sociales para evaluar si en el Valle del Cauca, se está consolidando un sistema de innovación. Se encontró que en la región hay muy pocas organizaciones que puedan dar soporte en la innovación a las empresas, lo que ha dificultado la consolidación de un sistema fuerte, articulado y que, a diferencia del esquema actual, busque que las empresas se relacionen para brindar servicios empresariales con alto contenido tecnológico que les permita innovar.
La influencia de la formación, la experiencia y la motivación para emprender en la supervivencia de las empresas de nueva creación
Authors: Simón Moya Virginia , Revuelto Taboada Lorenzo , Medina Lorza Aida Florencia
Published: August 2018

Este artículo analiza las diferencias en el nivel de supervivencia entre el emprendimiento social y el emprendimiento de negocios, así como el efecto de la formación, experiencia y motivación para emprender sobre la supervivencia. Dada la naturaleza de las variables dependientes, se optó por utilizar la prueba de Pearson, la prueba de Mann-Whitney para dos muestras independientes y el modelo logit sobre una muestra de 2.175 empresas. Los resultados no muestran diferencias significativas en la probabilidad de sobrevivir entre los dos tipos de emprendimiento, pero sí parecen mostrar la existencia de diferencias significativas en la influencia de las variables independientes analizadas sobre la supervivencia.
¿Hay verdadera innovación en los lanzamientos de nuevos productos? Factores relevantes de éxito y fracaso en el caso colombiano
Authors: Cruz Martha Lucia , Puente Castro Raquel
Published: August 2018

El lanzamiento de nuevos productos es determinante para el crecimiento y supervivencia de las organizaciones; sin embargo, su tasa de fracaso es muy alta. El objetivo de la presente investigación exploratoria es evaluar si los ejecutivos en Colombia aplican las mejores prácticas para el lanzamiento de nuevos productos, sus dificultades en implementación y el rol de la innovación en este proceso. A través de entrevistas a altos ejecutivos de mercadeo de doce organizaciones, se encontraron graves deficiencias en el conocimiento de las mejores prácticas.
Análisis de la relación entre la innovación y la gestión del conocimiento con la competitividad empresarial en una muestra de empresas en la ciudad de Bogotá
Authors: Bernal Torres César Augusto , Fracica Naranjo Gérman , Frost González José Salomon
Published: August 2018

Este estudio analiza la relación directa entre las actividades de innovación y las de gestión del conocimiento con la capacidad competitiva organizacional. Los resultados indican que, para el caso de una muestra de 53 empresas estudiadas en la ciudad de Bogotá, no hay evidencia de esa relación. Estos resultados son motivo para la reflexión académica, empresarial y del gobierno sobre el tema, si se tiene en cuenta que son diversos y reiterados los escenarios en los que se hace énfasis sobre la necesidad de implementar actividades de innovación y de gestión del conocimiento para potenciar la capacidad competitividad empresarial y nacional
Impacto de la gestión de calidad en la estructura organizativa y en la innovación de la industria azucarera colombiana
Authors: Fajardo Ortiz Mercedes , Cano Velásco Lina Marcela , Tobón Gordillo Mónica Cecilia
Published: August 2018

El estudio analiza el posible impacto de la gestión de calidad en la estructura organizativa y en la innovación en tres ingenios azucareros colombianos. Se creó un instrumento para recolectar información que fue diligenciado por algunos colaboradores. Los resultados indican que los ingenios presentan estructuras organizativas formalizadas y una menor especialización horizontal, haciendo énfasis en la formación del personal. No se podría afirmar que implementar un sistema de gestión de calidad genera cambios en la estructura, los niveles jerárquicos, descentralización vertical y en los dispositivos de enlace laterales. Tampoco se evidencia una diferencia significativa en la innovación de los tres ingenios.
Caracterización y medición del nivel de gestión del conocimiento en las medianas y grandes empresas del Valle de Sugamuxi del Departamento de Boyacá
Authors: González Millán José Javier , Rodríguez Díaz Miryam Teresa , Cárdenas Barrera Edith Viviana
Published: August 2018

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación de campo que buscaba determinar la situación actual de la gestión del conocimiento en medianas y grandes empresas del Valle de Sugamuxi en el Departamento de Boyacá (Colombia). Para ello se realizó un diagnóstico de sus procesos, se hizo una identificación cualitativa de los factores cuantitativos más relevantes y se propuso un modelo teórico para la gestión del conocimiento. El tipo de estudio fue el análisis descriptivo y ANOVA, regresión lineal y análisis de factores, encontrando que las empresas se encuentran en un grado medio de gestión del conocimiento
Organizaciones innovadoras a partir de la interacción con la universidad: casos exitosos
Authors: Morales Rubiano María Eugenia , Pineda Márquez Katherine , Ávila Martínez Karolina
Published: August 2018

Se busca mostrar estrategias y casos exitosos de colaboración entre universidades y organizaciones del entorno que han generado innovación a partir de su interacción. Para esto, se revisó literatura en bases de datos científicas que muestran innovaciones colaborativas en países de la región y en otros países. También se obtuvo información en páginas web de diez universidades destacadas en el Ranking Web de Universidades del Mundo 2011. Los resultados muestran que se han establecido actividades de cooperación entre universidades y otros actores a través de investigación colaborativa, desarrollo tecnológico y emprendimiento.
Anatomical Variation of the Brachial Plexus: An Ancillary Nerve of the Middle Trunk Communicating with the Radix of the Median Nerve
Authors: Huynh Minh , Spence Stewart , Huang Johnny W
Published: August 2018

Purpose: Variations in brachial plexus anatomy are common. As such, the knowledge of variations is essential for surgeons and anesthesiologists to decrease the risk of iatrogenic injuries. Moreover, brachial plexus variations often co-exist with aberrant vasculature. The median nerve is formed from contributions by the lateral and medial cords. This case report details a unique variant in the formation of the median nerve. Methods: The anatomical variant presented was identified during an upper-limb dissection of an adult cadaver.Results: The anatomical variant presented demonstrates a bifurcation of the middle trunk of the brachial plexus that coalesces to the radix of the median nerve. Although prior studies have demonstrated median nerve brachial plexus variations, the aforementioned variant arises directly from the middle trunk and communicates directly with the median nerve, while previously mentioned variants often connect to the medial or lateral cords. Conclusion: The communicating branch between the anterior division of the middle trunk and radix of the median nerve represents a unique and uncommon anatomical variation.
Approaches for the Management of Non-Compliance in Patients with Chronic Illness
Authors: Spence Stewart David
Published: August 2018

Patients with chronic illnesses often require complicated care, characterized by frequent follow-ups, exacerbations, and alterations in treatment. Understandably, patient non-compliance is not an uncommon occurrence, and may significantly diminish the quality of health care received. This paper explores the current approaches to chronic illness management, including strategies to identify and reduce non-compliance, as well as the physician’s responsibilities in chronic illness management as guided by the CanMEDS roles. It also introduces a novel approach to the identification and management of non-compliance in patients with chronic illness: the Patient-System Interaction Model (PSIM).
The Development and Impact of Clinical Skills Handbooks in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Motamedi Ryan Nickan
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Traditional teaching of clinical skills in medical school commonly entails didactic teaching followed by practice sessions with Standardized Patients (SPs) for particular skills, such as the cardiovascular exam. To address the need for briefer and more concise reference guides from standard textbooks and to consolidate skills expectations, the University of Ottawa developed clinical skills handbooks for students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students’ use of these handbooks in the pre-clinical and clinical years.

Methods: We distributed a survey to second, third, and fourth year medical students at the University of Ottawa from November 2016 to January 2017. The survey assessed how frequently students used the booklets and their opinions on the usefulness of the booklets as a learning tool.

Results: There were 121 respondents of 492 students eligible for the survey. Of the respondents, 96.7% claimed to have used the booklets, and 75% claimed it was their primary resource for physical exam skills education. The majority of pre-clinical students used the booklets when learning a physical exam – 65% almost always, and 97% at least sometimes. The majority of clinical students (also referred to as clerkship students) used the booklets when reviewing a physical exam – 25% almost always, and 64% at least sometimes. Most students used the booklets when studying for OSCEs – 65% almost always, and 94% at least sometimes.

Conclusions: Students at the University of Ottawa found the clinical skills handbooks to be a valuable resource during their medical training and for the majority, it was their most commonly used reference. These findings support the need for further development and use of these resources.
Evaluation of a Community-based Concussion Prevention and Advocacy Program at the University of Ottawa
Authors: Liu Henry
Published: August 2018

Background: Injury prevention and advocacy often receives little attention in medical education despite constituting a leading cause of morbidity and premature deaths. Brain Waves is a national concussion prevention program where medical student volunteers (MSVs) deliver a one-hour interactive presentation at the classroom level. This paper reviews the data from the past eleven years of curriculum delivery, highlighting the successes and challenges towards initiating an injury prevention advocacy program at the medical school level.

Methods: Our database included demographics collected from 2007 to 2017 as well as online survey ratings and written feedback from participating teachers and MSVs for the 2016 and 2017 school years.

Results: The Ottawa’s Brain Waves program has been successful in the recruitment of 636 MSVs and delivering the curriculum to 9848 elementary school students over the past 11 years. Survey responses from MSVs (N=36) rated their experience positively on a 5-item Likert scale for the following dimensions for the injury prevention curriculum: Training satisfaction (4.72±0.46), Competence (4.80±0.41) and Timing (4.51±0.67). Teacher responses (N=10) showed that 90% rated the program as “Good” or “Excellent”. Written feedback from MSVs and teachers highlighted the importance of time management, focused-lesson plans and activity-based engagement.

Conclusions: Through involvement in the Ottawa Brain Waves program, MSVs actively contributed to mitigating risks of accidental brain injuries, adapted to the needs of the classroom and heightened their curiosity in community-based advocacy.
Soft Skill Development in Ophthalmology and its Importance to Aspiring Canadian Medical Students
Authors: Lim Carter William , Hutnik Cindy M.L.
Published: August 2018

Soft skills are social and emotional intelligences that facilitate harmonious interpersonal interactions. Soft skills enable physicians to understand and build rapport with patients. Soft skills are increasingly considered crucial physician qualities within surgical specialties, including ophthalmology. Although avenues exist for general soft skill development, medical students may find challenges directing their development to ophthalmic settings due to medical curricula’s limited ophthalmology exposure. This perspective commentary discusses resources to aid ophthalmic soft skill development. Lectures provide foundational knowledge. Electives and volunteering provide opportunities to practice soft skills. Electives and mentorship direct soft skills towards desired disciplines. Studying and participating in research that utilizes patient-centred outcomes improves current and future care.
Co-relation of ASA-PS with post operative complications and morbidity in hysterectomy patients
Authors: Nijhawan Dushyant M. , Upadhye Jayshree J.
Published: August 2018

Background: Today, ASA grading is done for any surgical case performed under anesthesia. ASA PS is significantly associated with post-operative morbidity and mortality. For gynecologists, hysterectomy is the most common operation performed by gynecologists, next to caesarean section. The primary focus of this study was to review the ASA-PS of hysterectomy patients.Methods: This retrospective study was performed in the department of Anesthesiology, in collaboration with Department of Obstetrics and gynecology. All women who underwent hysterectomy were included in this study.Results: In this study, out of 100 patients, clinical indication was fibroid in 45 (45%) patients, menorrhagia in 15 (15%) patients, adenomyosis in 25 (25%) patients, uterovaginal prolapse in 5 (5%) patients, endometrial polyp in 5 (5%) patients and ovarian tumor in 5 (5%) patients. ASA-PS grade 1 was seen in 65 (65%) of patients, 25 (25%) of patients had ASA-PS grade 2, 10 (10%) of patients had ASA-PS grade 3 while none of the patients had ASA-PS grade 4 and 5. 4 (4%) patients had urinary tract infection, 2 (2%) patients had deep vein thrombosis, 1 (1%) patient had myocardial infarction and 1 (1%) patients had pneumonia. 25 (25%) patients were obese, 24 (24%) patients had diabetes, 20 (20%) patients had hypertension requiring treatment and 6 (6%) patients had wound infection.Conclusions: ASA PS has strong, independent association with post-operative medical complications. This along with its simplicity, makes it a valuable prognostic metric.
Pre-operative factors for predicting a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Bhardwaj Rajni , Bali Rajandeep Singh , Zahoor Yawar
Published: August 2018

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a very safe procedure yet there are instances where serious complications can be avoided and better managed if the surgeon is forewarned or prepared in advance for them. So, a need is felt to identify pre-operative parameters for anticipating a difficult cholecystectomy.Methods: This study was carried over a period of two years (2007- 2009). Patients having symptomatic cholelithiasis willing to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in the study. The following pre-operative parameters were evaluated in the study: age, sex, body mass index, history of previous abdominal surgery, history of acute cholecystitis, history of biliary colic, palpable lump in right hypochondrium, experience of the surgeon and abdominal ultrasonogram (following parameters were noted increased gallbladder wall thickness, number of stones, size of largest stone and its location).Results: Acute cholecystitis, palpable gall bladder, increased gallbladder wall thickness, biliary colic, gall stones >2 cm in size, gall stone impacted at gallbladder neck and BMI >30 kg/m2 had a significant p-value in a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Conclusions: Further research is needed to formulate a score based on the variables mentioned above to predict a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy and hence letting the surgeon be better prepared for any eventualities that he encounters whilst performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Diverse spectrum of facial dog bite presentation and their management
Authors: Jain Rakesh Kumar , Prakash Gautam , Midya Manojit , Sharma Pankaj
Published: August 2018

Background: Dog bite patients are frequently encountered in our hospital seeking immediate as well as delayed reconstruction. More than two third of dog bite injuries involve head, neck and scalp region. Facial dog bites present a challenge for the surgeon, as they lead to cosmetic disfigurement and psychological trauma to the patient. Following thorough washout and debridement, we have used various reconstructive techniques for definitive management of wounds like- primary repair, V-Y advancement flap, nasolabial flap, SSG, FTG and Karapandzic flap. Purpose of the present study is to share our experiences in management of dog bite wounds on the face in both adult and paediatric patients with available reconstructive options to maximize the functional and cosmetic outcomes by using basic principles of surgery.Methods: Present study was a single centre retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care centre from February 2013 to January 2018. Total 497 patients of dog bite who presented in the emergency department were enrolled. Out of them 310 patients had involvement of head, neck and scalp requiring surgical intervention in any form.Results: In last five years, we have encountered mid face predilection in face, head and neck cases. Out of 310 cases, lip (25.16%) and cheek (24.51%) were involved in majority of the patients. Flap cover surgery is required in majority of the scalp and nose group of patients, as there is less mobility of tissue present in surrounding region, while cheek and lip were managed with primary closure in most of the patients.Conclusions: Although most of the dog bites are preventable, but cases of dog bite are increasing continuously. Child should never be left alone with dogs and, if they are fear of dogs, it’s better not to obtain dogs. As far now, it’s a major concern for treating physician or surgeon to provide optimal cosmetic as well as functional outcome. Early surgical intervention for wound management gives better results with the use of basic principles of plastic surgery.