bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRODUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE PRODUCTS OF HORSE BREEDING BASED ON A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF HEAVY METALS IN THE SOIL COVER OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Authors: Latypov Albert Baynazarovich , Safihanov Richat Yahievich
Published: December 2020

Study of different natural and agricultural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan on the content of heavy metals (HMs) in soils and forages has bioaccumulation, assess their effects on the body of horses and the identification of areas with acceptable terms for environmentally safe products and horse breeding. To do this requires the intensification of productive breeding-organization at all konefermah of the production of horse meat and drink, foraging and feeding horses, expanding the range of products of horse meat and broader participation of equestrian sport. Horse meat is prized primarily for its high-grade protein, b vitamins, especially niacin. It contains a large amount of iron and important microelements of cobalt, iodine, copper. By most measures is equivalent to beef horsemeat, but on the content of essential amino acids and microelements, especially lipotropic substances, horse meat has a considerable advantage. At present, the problem of assessing the availability of soil nutrients for plants, and in spite of the length of the study not only has not lost its relevance in terms of useful plants, but also expanded its borders through questions on the flow from soil into plants of harmful substances, toxic to plants, animals and humans. Essential trace elements (e.g., Cu Zn. Mn, Pb, CD) are in addition to the biochemical processes (photosynthesis, formation of organic-mineral compounds, respiration, transformation of substances, etc.) perform the role of polluting the soil cover substances and toxicants for plants, animals and humans in case of exceeding of MPC, since these heavy metals-active contaminants ecosystems (such as Pb, Zn and Cd-I CU-hazard class, hazard class, Mn (II)-(III) hazard class).
ADAPTATION MECHANISMS OF FORMATION SPROUT SYSTEMS INDIVIDUALS GLECHOMA HEDERACEA L. UNDE CHANGING ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Authors: Poluyanova Valentina Ivanovna , Salakhov Niyaz Vagizovich
Published: December 2020

Vegetative-mobile plants - the fittest in most natural plant communities and plays an important role in the nature of a group of plants. In the development of vegetative-rolling plants is characterized by the unity and opposition of three interrelated aspects: vegetative development, generative and vegetative reproduction. The resolution of contradictions between them is adaptive in nature. Vegetative restoration and vegetative reproduction-moving plants combined with the ability to vegetative mobility, which allows the plant to push their vegetative-child offspring from the mother's body. Ecological and phytocoenotic tropism plagiotropic shoots allows plants (statistically) rationally choose places to secure autonomic-affiliated individuals. Increased soil humidity promotes the growth of aboveground rooting shoots, as well as the initiation of kidney regeneration in the tissues of the organs of vegetative reproduction. Factor soil moisture is a key in the set of different environmental factors in shaping the internal structure of creeping escape. Specificity patterns sprout systems Glechoma hederacea in various conditions has adaptive nature enshrined as an evolutionary species feature and as a manifestation of plasticity of the plant organism to changing environmental conditions.
SCREENING OF PHYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF PESTICIDE BI-58 WITH USE OF ALLIUM CEPA L. AND ZEA MAYS L.
Authors: Emirova Dilyara Enverovna
Published: December 2020

We carried out the comparative analysis of phytotoxic effect of BI-58 pesticide on morphometric indicators of roots of seeds of Zea mays L. and Allium cepa L. Results of the conducted research showed that BI-58 in the range of the studied concentrations (0,05 - 0,4 ml/l) had the negative impact on sprouts of Allium cepa and Zea mays' seeds which is shown in inhibition of a root gain and viability of seeds. This influence had the expressed dose-dependent character: increase of concentration of the tested preparation caused decrease in the studied indicators in both test cultures. The dose of 0,05 ml/l of phytotoxic action didn't render on sprouts of Allium cepa and Zea mays. It should be noted the concentration of BI-58 recommended for application (0,1 ml/l) had the expressed phytotoxic effect on test plants. It was established sprouts of Zea mays were more sensitive to toxic effect of pesticide, than Allium cepa. On the basis of these data this dose at cultivation of the tested cultures was recommended not to use. The further increase in concentration of BI-58 (0,2 and 0,4 ml/l) caused the interfaced increase of phytotoxic effect on Самарский научный вестник. 2015. № 2(11) 136 Д.Э. Эмирова СКРИНИНГ ФИТОТОКСИЧЕСКОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ ПЕСТИЦИДА БИ-58 ... the tested cultures. Length of roots of Allium sera decreased by 1,5 times at concentration of 0,2 ml/l and by 40,66% - at decrease in quantity of the sprouted seeds. The increase in concentration of a preparation (0,4 ml/l) caused decrease in length of roots of sprouts of the studied test culture and oppression of their viability. In particular, length of roots of Allium sera in this option of research decreased by 1,8 times in comparison with control, a viability indicator - by 46,16%. Pesticide had similar impact on Zea mays. In particular, at a dose of BI-58 of 0,2 ml/l length of backs of Zea mays decreased by 45,1%, a viability indicator - for 25,3% in comparison with control. The increase in concentration of the studied preparation twice (0,4 ml/l) caused decrease of the morforometric roots indicators for 52,1%, decrease in viability - for 28,8% in comparison with control option.
HOUSEHOLD AND SACRED USE OF THE POTTERY BY THE SARMATIAN TRIBES OF THE SOUTHERN URALS AND WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Kraeva Liudmila Anatolyevna
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the pottery from the Sarmatian burial grounds of the Southern Urals and Western Kazakhstan. Pottery was placed in the graves of the representatives of all social stratums of the nomadic population. In more expensive imported dishes were usually placed. Sarmatian ceramics was actively used both in household and in religious ceremonies. Specially produced vessels for burial rites are found in the graves, as well as utensils already used in the household, including those repaired. The author points out the signs which prove that the pottery had been in household use before being placed in the grave: the presence of soot on the inner and outer walls of the vessels; grease stains and traces of boiling over liquid food; repair marks; (broken handles, chipped edges of the vessels, etc.); scuff marks and homemade polishing; the change of color on the surface the vessel and on the layers of the potsherds. The characteristics proving that the pottery was specially manufactured burial rites include: the use of raw materials with rough natural impurities; poor quality battering (uneven distribution of tempers); negligence in the moulding; short-term exposure to temperatures below 450 C during firing;) the absence of soot on the walls of the vessel; the absence of repair marks. The examination of the surface of the vessels and experimental work let the author make an assumption about the functional use of some types of pottery.
THE COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT MODELING TECHNIQUES TO ARCHAEOLOGICAL VESSELS, DATA TRASOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC
Authors: Poplevko Galina Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

The study of technological methods of manufacturing ceramic materials is considered by the example of the Maikop culture in the North Caucasus and the data of ethnography. As an example the experimental simulation of round-the Maikop culture vessels, made by several methods. Trasological study of the structure of the test pieces of ceramics in the fracture showed that it is possible to determine the area of joints tapes. External and internal ceramic surface smoothed, but you can define a manual molding of thin lines multidirectional polishing. Manual molding can also be defined and some fragments of ceramics on its inner surface, to maintain the following bands modeling and smoothing the surface of joints by hand. Some fragments have a very dense homogeneous structure, which is formed as a result of receiving use knockout, using a wooden spatula or forging of vessel walls using stone tools on both sides. Some techniques for making vascular managed modeled by experiments. Research data on the manufacturing technique of ethnography round bottom flask showed that the modeling techniques such vessels much more. The paper presents the archaeological, ethnographic and experimental data on manufacturing as the flat-bottomed and round bottom flask using a technique manual molding, punch and forging (forging the walls of stone tools from both sides). Recently, using the technique of punch it was carried out a series of experiments on modeling the round bottom flask. Trasological study technology of round bottomed flask with two knockout techniques, not previously considered.
THE CONTENT OF MICROELEMENTS RESIDENTS VARIOUS ETHNIC GROUPS OF THE MAGADAN REGION
Authors: Pokhilyuk Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of a study of the element status of residents of different ethnic groups (Koryak, even, mestizo) Magadan region. By atomic emission and mass spectral analizovs inductively coupled plasma quantity content of co, cu, Fe, Zn, si, al, cd, Pb, sn, Hg hair. there was a slight deviation of the content of some essential elements (copper, iron, zinc) in aboriginal and Mtis on average. it is suggested that this phenomenon is caused by adaptation to the conditions of the indigenous population of the north. these low levels of heavy metals - aluminum, cadmium, lead, tin, cobalt, mercury, indicates the relative well-being of the environment in terms of pollution with toxic elements. the higher silicon content in the hair of aboriginal and Mtis is consistent with the data that the Magadan region is silicic province. Variability of the most studied trace elements higher in the Mtis compared with the natives. High individual variability of chemical elements can be the result of an imbalance element in disadaptative organism to the environment, or a manifestation of the individual characteristics of the organism. the possible consequences of deficiency and excess of trace elements in the indigenous population of the north.
TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CERAMICS SINTASHTA OF THE KURGAN HALVAY 3
Authors: Shevnina Irine Viktorovna
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to technical and technological analysis of pottery sintashta kurgan Halvay 3. Kurgan Halvay 3 located on the left bank of the tobolsk sleeves Karatamar reservoir (Kostanay, north Kazakhstan), was investigated during the 2009-2010 field seasons of turgay archaeological expedition. diameter of 32 m including construction ditch embankment height of 1 m. Materials of the kurgan Halvay 3 belong to different archaeological periods, but the kurgan was built in sintashta era. there were investigated eighteen vessels from five wells sintashta (№1,3,6,8,9) and moat. technical and technological analysis of raw materials and ceramic molding compounds was carried out using the method of binocular microscopy and petrography analysis. the feedstock used ferruginated hydromica clay. For kneading the clay dough recipe used two molding composition: clay +gravel + gruss manure; clay + gravel. among technological methods in the manufacture of vessels recorded the use of bottom-capacitive, capacitive starting, spiral zone, lumpy patchwork, flaps, harnesses and pattern. ceramics of the kurgan Halvay 3 (recipes molding compounds, processing methods in the manufacture of vessels) is directly analogous to those sintashta monuments of the southern Urals as settlement arkaim, Ustie and burial Bolshekaragansky.
Effect of weather conditions as ecological factors on vegetative somatic parameters of the preschool children organism
Authors: Gordievskii Anton Yurievich , Gordievskaya Natalya Alexandrovna
Published: December 2020

Influence of meteorological environmental factors on people sensitive to severe weather changes manifests itself in the deterioration of health and violation of vegetative functions. One of the main systems of the body, which is sensitive to changes of atmospheric pressure is the cardiovascular system. In people with impaired preventive regulation of vascular tone, who are called weather sensitive, sudden changes in atmospheric pressure can cause jumps of arterial pressure, which can be represented both by its increase (hypertensive crisis) and decrease below the physiological norm, which leads to the decrease of muscle tone and subjective feelings of fatigue. Psychophysiological status of children of preschool age depends significantly on weather conditions due to imperfect preventive regulation of the blood circulation. Due to this, preschoolers feel unwell, their adaptation possibilities go down. This is manifested in changes in blood pressure and a certain decrease in the lability of the motor analyzer defined by means of the tapping-test. Cyclonic changes in climatic conditions have a more pronounced impact on the state of the organism, causing an increase in fatigue and decrease of adaptation reserves, indicating the decrease of one of the most important integral indicators of the vegetative coefficient. Hyperbaric effects associated with the passage of the anticyclone cause less visible changes of the cardiovascular system, compared to cyclonic events. Cyclonic phenomena accompanying low atmospheric pressure, cause depression of the vegetative status of children, a small decrease in tonic activity and as a result negative changes in the basic hemodynamic parameters.
The concept of «state» in Cicero’s writings
Authors: Bragova Arina Mikhailovna
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of ancient Greek and Roman conceptions of a state which had been written at the time prior to Ciceros; an extent to which Cicero adopts the ideas from those conceptions; Ciceros usage of the term state; differentiation between the concepts res publica and civitas in his writings. Long before Ciceros times the issue of a state system had been brought up by such philosophers, historians and political figures as Archytas, Hippodamus, Herodotus, Thucydides, Plato, Aristotle, Cato, Polybius and others. They formulated simple state forms (monarchy, aristocracy, democracy) and a mixed form which they considered the best. On the whole, Cicero agrees with the opinion that the mixed form is the best but he also offers original thoughts about the Roman republic as an ideal state and gives many examples from the Roman history. Cicero often denotes the term a state by the word res publica implying the meaning of public work, public affairs, public interest, etc. We have analysed the definition res publica est res populi and come to the conclusion that Cicero considers people to be a mandatory participant of the process of state management. Some scholars draw attention to a juridical content of the word res in the above definition considering the term res publica as public property, whereas the Roman republic is an object used by the civil community (civitas Romana). We suppose this point of view is quite relevant. Cicero sees the political and juridical components of the term as a united whole: it was natural for the ancient mentality to regard juridical, political, social and moral components as one. This very approach to the term res publica is given in Ciceros writings. The article also dwells upon rather a debated question about similarity or difference between Ciceros concepts res publica and civitas. We subscribe to the opinion that, unlike ancient Greeks who do not separate a state from a community, Cicero knows a difference between the terms, res publica for him is a state form, whereas civitas is a community / citizens. Another thing is that Cicero uses the term res publica to denote the very Roman state; for describing other states or discoursing on abstract states he uses the term civitas. To support the opinion about the difference between the above terms, we would like to quote Cicero himself who writes that the concept a state embraces a community (rei publicae nomen universae civitati est) which means that res publica and civitas do not mean the same.
«The anti-soviet trotskist organization»: historiographical notes
Authors: Tochiony Mikhail Dmitrievich
Published: December 2020

Since 1956, historians, legal scholars and representatives of other social Sciences and Humanities have been trying to understand what happened to the population of our country in the second half of the 30-ies of XX century. Why did people lose common sense and believe in delusional fabrications of I. V. Stalin about the transformation of millions of Soviet citizens who piously believed in the ideals of Marxism-Leninism, into the malignant saboteurs? Why did most of them demand severe punishment of traitors, when the Soviet Newspapers reported the discovery of an enormous conspiracy in the ranks of the Red army? The article is an attempt to assess the General opinions of the so-called military (anti-Soviet Trotskist military organization), which resulted in the shooting of the prominent Soviet military leaders led by M.N. Tukhachevskiy I.P. Uborevich, I.E. Yakir, A.I. Cork and thousands of brave, talented Soviet soldiers, committed to the cause of socialism. Thus the armed forces of our country, its defense was dealt a severe blow, which, in the opinion of some researchers predetermined the huge losses of the Soviet Union, especially in the first years of Hitler's aggression. We are especially interested in the following aspect of the military was it fabricated, and the Red Marshal was its innocent victim, or, on the contrary, was it investigated in complete conformity to the law and the perpetrators got the punishment they deserved? The author has assessed the key issues both liberal-minded researchers and apologists of Stalinism.
On the history of the trolleybus in Penza
Authors: Gorshenin Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: December 2020

Urban transport is an integral part of the urban economy. Without public transport it is impossible to imagine the existence of large and medium-sized towns. The analysis in this paper discusses the history of the formation of trolleybus transport in Penza in the 1940s. In pre-revolutionary years local governors wanted to organize work of the tram in Penza, but all ideas remained unrealized. After the October revolution and the beginning of industrialization, city authorities faced the task of the organization of regular intercity transport again. In the 1930s at the request of workers in Penza the narrow-gage city train traffic was organized. But it did not operate long: 2 years later owing to the technical difficulties, it wascancelled. In the years of the Great Patriotic War, in connection with the growth of the city, a need arose regular work of passenger transport. It was decided to build a trolleybus line. The main sources of the research are based on the documents of the Federal and regional archives. They are the State archive of the Russian Federation, the Penza branch of the Russian state archive of scientific-technical documentation, the State archive of the Penza region and the Department of public funds-political organizations GAPO. The archival layer of source materials of local periodicals of the considered years complements this database. Complement the archival layer of source materials is supplemented by local periodicals of the historic period in question. The paper focuses on such processes as design, construction and first few years of operation of the trolleybus in Penza. It includes problems that arose during the construction of the trolleybus route and analyses its role in the economy of Penza.
Demographic problems of the industrial cities of Irkutsk Region in the 1990s
Authors: Urozhaeva Tatyana Petrovna
Published: December 2020

The author analyzes the problems of demographic development of industrial cities of the Angara area (Priangarye) in the 1990s. In particular, it focuses on the negative trends in the natural movement and migration of the urban population, which, in turn, led to depopulation. Distribution of municipal formations of the Irkutsk region in the total value of the mortality rate allows you to detect only the most general trends. The minimum level of total mortality was recorded in the south-eastern and central parts of the region, as well as in most large and medium cities. The highest values of total mortality rates were observed in the northern areas of the region and a number of rural and single-industry towns in central and eastern part of the region. Mostly, it's economically depressed municipalities with single-industry economy. According to the author, the causes of demographic instability in many industrial cities were laid during the Soviet period and were associated with the practice of attracting population and populating areas of new industrial development. The economic crisis and the aggravation of social problems in the 1990s seriously complicated demographic development of the urban population in the region. The demographic crisis of the 1990s could have been significantly smoothed over, if the federal and regional authorities had taken steps to stop the steady depopulation. In the context of the collapse of the political system demographic policy for many years had been pushed into the background. As a result, the demographic crisis, which takes root in the 1980s, fully manifested itself at the regional level in the first post-soviet decade.
ICT on-line resourses as a tool of implementing the Federal State Educational Standard 44.03.01 pedagogical education
Authors: Voronina Marina Anatolievna
Published: December 2020

The article considers issues related to the use of the ICT in the modern education and analyzes the requirements of the federal state educational standards of primary, basic and higher education. The attention is focused on the need to develop the ICT competence at all levels of education. The concepts of using information and communication technologies in the classroom as well as the concept of informatization of education are analyzed. A three-level model of the ICT competence of the teachers is described, which is stipulated by the professional teachers standard. The article analyzes possibilities of interactive lectures supported by the social networks or the use of cloud technologies. The article proposes the use of the case-study method in the virtual reality as a means of formation of the required competencies and increasing students' motivation. It analyzes the didactic potential of the pedagogical community network as a basis for lifelong learning. The experience of the use of the Internet community as a site of scientific pedagogical research is described. Videoconferences are proposed as a tool of teacher professional development. Google Hangouts application is evaluated as well. The author draws a conclusion about the necessity for higher school teachers to use modern information technologies in the education process, which make it possible to transfer learning beyond the walls of the educational institution. Such education will comply with the Russian standard of living, and will be acceptable internationally.
Reproductive activity of male edible dormice (Glis glis L., 1766) in the peripheral population
Authors: Vekhnik Victoria Alexandrovna
Published: December 2020

The edible dormouse is a dendrobiont hibernating rodent breeding once a year. A peculiarity of the species biology is regular reproduction failure in non-mast years. In the center of the area it occurs due to the lack of male reproductive activity. In the studied population on the eastern periphery of the dormouse area previous studies proved the decisive role of mass resorption of embryos at females in the process. The dynamics of males reproductive activity and its impact on the reproduction were not considered previously in detail. In this work the periodicity and intensity of reproductive activity of males, depending on the age and phase of population cycle, was studied. Reproductive activity of the overwhelming majority of males was annually observed, the proportion of individuals not involved in reproduction did not exceed 6,7%. The age differences in the timing of beginning of the reproduction were revealed: yearlings came the first in the activity state and after them two-year and three-year and older individuals became active. The minimal duration of the mating period was observed in yearling males, the maximal in two-year, which were also characterized by the longest individual periods of reproductive activity. As a result of sharp fluctuations in the population age structure two-year males are the most important group in reproduction, but the three-year and older individuals in mast years are also able to ensure the reproduction of the population. The characteristic feature of reproduction was noted at yearling males: they began reproduction depending on body weight. Fluctuations in the male reproductive activity during the active period do not play a significant role in the regulation of reproduction. Shorter duration of reproductive activity of yearling animals in the years of reproduction failure is compensated by the later beginning of reproduction of three-year and older individuals. Nonsynchronous participation in breeding of males of different age groups provides the involvement in reproduction of maximal number of animals.
Current state of Donetsk dendroflora
Authors: Glukhov Alexandr Zakharovych , Kharkhota Lyudmila Valerievna , Pasternak Georgy Alexandrovych , Likhatskaya Elena Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

We present the study results of modern dendroflora of Donetsk (a large industrial city of the south steppe zone). We have determined the species composition, analyzed the age structure of plantations, estimated the life condition of trees and shrubs. Plantations compose 76 species and 32 forms, types, sorts of trees, including 11 species and 9 sorts of the coniferous, as well as 79 species and 35 forms, sorts of shrubs, including 7 species and 19 sorts of the coniferous. Trees and shrubs belong to 78 genera, which are included into 38 families. The most represented family among the deciduous is Rosaceae Juss. 46 species and 13 sorts, among the coniferous Pinaceae Lindl. (9 species and 6 sorts), Cupressaceae Rich. ex Bartl. (7 species and 22 sorts). Tree species dominating in plantations are Populus bolleana Lauche (14,6% of the total number of trees), dominating shrubs are the sorts of Rosa hybrida (44,0% of the total number of shrubs). In the plantations studied we have indicated 33 species of trees and shrubs of the aboriginal fraction of local flora. Analysis of the age structure of plantations revealed that the majority of trees compose the age group of 2029 years, the majority of shrubs up to 10 years. Fast-growing species prevail in plantations (73% of the total number). Viability of the most part of trees of fast-growing and slow-growing species is estimated by 4 points, viability of moderate-growing species by 6 points. The number of trees being in unsatisfactory condition (0 or 13 points) prevails among fast-growing species.
The necessity of Samara Region wetlands protection
Authors: Kazantsev Ivan Victorovich , Senator Stepan Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issue of the need to preserve the wetlands of Samara region. Occupying a small area and being on the southern border of its distribution, all available on the territory of Samara region marshes are considered to be valuable environmental systems in environmental, hydrological, landscape and biogeographic relationships. The main threats to wetland ecosystems are investigated, including the quality and characteristics of local peat, the failure of security mode, the absence of regional legislation regulating environmental management in wetlands. The authors study a list of plants growing on the territory of the wetland nature monuments in Samara region and being of particular environmental and phytogeographical interest. Data about the most valuable marshes of Samara region under the protection or need of saving are given: Hipnovoe swamp, Muranskie lakes, Racheyskay taiga, Bolshoe Orlovo, Bolshaya and Malaya Trostyanka, Kesme, Zolotushnoe, Svetloe Ozero, Berezovay Polyna, Sharlyk, Belokluchenskoe, Mohovoe swamp, Mohovoe II, Chekalinskoe swamp, Trostnikovoe, Molochka lake, Uzilovo swamp, Bychye swamp. Each of the swamps is given a geographical reference, its footprint, status and rationale of the organization of the protection regime. The main threats for wetlands in the region are consideration of peat deposits as a potential source of raw materials for medical purposes and organic fertilizer and, in some cases, compliance with the established regime of protection and the absence of regional legislation regulating environmental management in wetlands.
Fauna of gamasina mites (Gamasoidea) of small mammals of a natural region «Samarskaya Luka»
Authors: Sorokopud Irina Anatol’evna
Published: December 2020

Data on fauna of gamasina mites parasitizing on small mammals are provided in article. Data are obtained during long-term monitoring of an ecological complex of small mammals of a natural and territorial complex Samarskaya Luka, which is realized since 1999. Also data on fauna of gamasina mites in 14 years of researches (20002003, 2005, 20072015 years), including literary data about the gamasina mites of this territory, are generalized and analysed. Specific accessory of 7439 individuals of mites, seven childbirth of three families relating to fifteen types is defined. Parasitizing the gamasina mites on 16 species of small mammals, including groups rodents, soricomorpha, carnivora (least weasel) is established. Domination of separate species of mites is revealed, so to eudominant Laelaps hilaris and Hirstionyssus isabellinus are belong, dominants are Hirstionyssus ellobii, Haemolaelaps glasgowi, Hyperlaelaps arvalis, L. agilis. Myonyssus rossicus, L. algericus, Haemogamasus ambulans and Hirstionyssus macedonicus were extremely rare species met in single copies. For the first time for this territory types of H. ellobii, L. micromydis, H. ambulans, H. macedonicus are noted. Conclusions on degree of a confinedness of parasites to certain types of hosts are drawn. Monohostal types: L. agilis (the host a yellow-necked mouse), L. muris (the host a tundra vole and a water vole), L. micromydis (the host a small mouse), L. algericus (the host a house mouse), H. arvalis (the host a tundra vole and a water vole), H. ellobii (the host a northern mole vole). Polihostal: H. musculi, L. hilaris, H. isabellinus, H. glasgowi, E. stabularis, H. nidi.
Traditions of ceramic shape’s making and ornamentation for the population of Bronze Age of northern part of Volga-Ural: about domestic development direction
Authors: Mochalov Oleg Dmitrievich
Published: December 2020

The Volga-Urals population always took part in forming ceramic complexes of the Bronze Age. However the contribution they made to the genesis of the following traditions was unequal, differed in its extent and importance and was unequally revealed in technology, form making and decorating. All these factors could be traced the local specifics and particular artifacts. The neighboring population, especially the steppe one, was involved in the cooperation system, but the directions and intensity of contacts were corrected according to different factors and characteristics of the historic periods. The cooperation between the local and neighboring groups culturally close to each other was complicated by long distance communications, which resulted in drastic changes in some traditions, destabilization of skills at form making, emergence of some characteristics irrelevant to the previous times. It caused new cultural standards. The involvement of the northern Volga-Urals population in the system of long distance communications found its reflection in the wide expansion of traditions; especially in the early and late Bronze Age. The paper contains not only traditional typological results but also the results of special methods appliance of ceramic analysis: reveal of natural structure of forms, structural analysis of ornament, definition of the degree of proximity of ceramic complexes.
Ethnicity and traditionalism in the contemporary Kazakhstan art
Authors: Shevtsova Anna Alexandrovna
Published: December 2020

Popularity of ethnographic plots in contemporary Kazahstans painting let us discuss ethnic mobilization in this region. Also we get possibility to analyze this process using paintings as ethnographical source. Author analyses iconography of painting, graphics, design, decorative and applied art looking for plots with ethnic makers and typical traits linked with ethnic theme, mythology and cultural heritage of Kazakhstan. Research of reconstructing ethnicity through the contemporary visual culture shows us special aspects of complex visual symbol of the country. Among these aspects, we should line references to ethnographical genre and heroical past (often with ignoring of chronology), pursuit to stylization, using of stereotypical landscape, abundance of ethnic markers and motive of the way. Common traits of all these works are symbolism, decorativeness and major tonality.
V.S. Solovyov’s characters of Christian ideal in the humanization process of Russian artistic education
Authors: Bugaev Vasily Ivanovich
Published: December 2020

The article explores the development of Russian culture and education symbolism at the end of ХІХ in a question about Filioque. The prominent Russian thinker V. Solovyov considered that the unity of spirituality of Christian ideal faith was carried out in the unity of catholic and orthodox Christian churches. He doubted the question of division of Character of Vera perception. V. Solovyov notified the ideal of iconographic art, which was fundamental conception of development of Russian artistic culture and education. Semantic Christian character-kernel is an interpretation of our Hail Mary for us. The ideal of this character is incarnated in the divine beginning through the free exploit of man, adding the faith in Godman and God-flesh (Hail Mary) to the faith in God. This ideal was announced by F. Dostoevsky. The trinity of Christian ideal must have become the background for conscious spiritual development of Russia and all humanity. Essence of beauty symbolism is perceived in the actual available phenomena nature and art. The conception of Sofia Wisdoms of God character influenced the development of the Russian artistic culture and modern education. The character overflows in concepts: reasonable essence, Divine Bosom, Eternal femininity, Basis, law of life, reason, connection of God and created World. The character of Sofia is oriented to the Russian culture and education development, as a future and final phenomenon of Deity. As a founder of Russian Christian philosophy V. Solovyov defined subsequent motion of symbolism of Christian ideal in the synthesis of Orthodox, revivalist and comparative trends. We notice positive motion in Russian modern artistic education.
Peculiarities of teaching and educating students in multiethnic educational environment
Authors: Zaitseva Elena Aleksandrovna , Nuzhdin Anatoliy Vyacheslavovich
Published: December 2020

One of the main aims and objectives of Modern Russian education is to make a human be ready for effective working and interacting in the multiethnic educational environment. Different aspects of the multiethnic education are registered in numerous Legal Acts of the Russian federation. Educators multiethnic competence comprises such aspects as knowing national, religious, gender and other peculiarities of students under training, respective attitude towards them; the ability to behave in terms of cultural conformity as well as the ability to organize meaningful dialogue in a multiethnic group and to use these cultural peculiarities to enrich students personal experience. Moreover, educators multiethnic competence also includes understanding of students ethnopsychological reactions which are conditioned by their cultural background and national identity. The trainee has to anticipate and to resolve a conflict in a multiethnic group. Cultural studies of different nationalities have to be organized in different ways: among the most popular methods we are bound to mention the historical studies of nations and the annexation of different ethnic communities to the Russian federation, the history of an ethnic group contribution to the heroic deeds during wars and while defending the homeland. One of the most effective ways of understanding and assimilating other peoples traditions and customs is to make students participate in different national festivals, religious holidays and feasts. Reading national poets and writers contributes greatly to the better acquisition of the material as well. There are some other methods to get acquainted with cultures for example, National days, learning national games, songs, poems; collective projects, competitions, contests; work with families and family celebrations of national holidays with national food, family stories about strong family traditions and customs; training exercises which cultivate students tolerance towards other nations and ethnic groups etc.
General methodological aspects of stimulation of self-development in information and communication competence of students in secondary vocational education
Authors: Zamara Elena Victorovna
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to consideration of the general methodological aspects of stimulating self-development in information and communication competence of students in secondary vocational education, including the specialty 43.02.10 SPO Tourism, which are related to the personal formation of future professionals who possess information and communication competence, have aspiration for realization in informational and educational sphere and willingness to work in the information field. The article touches upon the basic points and the importance of a subjective position in stimulating self-development in information and communication competence of students in secondary vocational education. The authors identify the function of a subjective position of a student, as a kind of objective formation in information and communication competence, such as: humanitarian, social, adaptive and identification function. The stages of formation of a subjective position of a student are considered in the article. Interrelation of the concepts of subjectivity, self-development with the notion of information and communication competence is observed here. In the context of the considered aspects disclosed the structure of information and communication competence together with the following components: cognitive, motivational and integrative. Practical implementation of the general methodological aspect of a subjective position of a student and motivational component of competitiveness is one of the topical issues of educational practice in vocational education system, as it results deepen, extend and elaborate modern concepts of information and communication competence.
History study of steppe vegetation in the Middle-Volga Complex Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Gorlov Sergey Evgenievich
Published: December 2020

Middle-Volga complex biosphere reserve is a specially-protected natural area in Samara region. The reserve was established in 2006 on the basis of Zhiguli reserve named after I. Sprygina and National Park Samarskaya Luka and became the first integrated biosphere reserve in Russia. The main purpose of the reserve is to ensure the conservation of Zhiguli landscapes and forest-steppe complexes of Middle Volga region, the organization of environmental monitoring and the development of careful environmental management system. The most valuable for research are fragments preserved in the reserve steppe areas, found only in small outlier unplowed areas in the southern and south-western part of Samarskaya Luka, in the Zhiguli and Sengileevskaya mountains. These are the remains of the steppe vegetation that once covered much of the plateau reserve. Although currently they are only small areas they cover all types of steppes in Samara region: meadow (north) steppe, present or feather-fescue (south), as well as special versions of steppe shrubs, rocky and sandy. The uniqueness of the reserve nature, biodiversity, a large number of rare, endemic and relict species and communities could not but attract the attention of botanists from various periods. We consider the most important works from the point of view of studying the steppe vegetation.
Structural features of local floor disturbed ecotops (on the example of the flora of railways)
Authors: Nikitin Nikolay Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

The work deals with the structural features of the local floras disturbed ecotopes as integral components of a higher rank flora. In this study, the local flora is disturbed ecotope, as a collection of species growing in a certain area, the degree of responsiveness to anthropogenic impacts structurally divided into elementary components, the selection of which is based on ecological and botanical features of the plants composing them. Since the three components were identified: locally depressed flora (localdepressive flora) lokalconstant flora (localconstantis flora), loсalplastic flora (localvariabilis flora) and loсalnokosmopolit flora (locallatos flora). All components are connected to each other and regularly rebuilt during changing environmental conditions when moving from one climate zone to another, as well as changes in the nature and degree of exposure. Depressive flora experiencing declining trend in the number of individuals or the complete disappearance under the influence of anthropogenic impact, constant flora, usually consists of a species capable of operating with a significant manifestation anthropogenic factor to maintain their characteristic features of growth; Plastic flora is represented by the largest number of species able to expand its range in the conditions of anthropogenic stress; cosmopolitan flora species is represented, actively propagating in the conditions of natural phytocenosis and under anthropogenic loads. Quantitatively cosmopolitans may exceed the plastic flora, but only on the number of individuals, but not the species.
Floristic component of ecosystem of the Karalyk River
Authors: Shakurov Almaz Ilgizyarovich
Published: December 2020

Karalyk River the right tributary of the river Big Irgiz. The channel has no permanent watercourse, in summer it occasionally dries up, so along the entire course meet earthen dams, retarding flood flows. The task of this work included a comprehensive assessment of the flora of the river, the characteristics of systematic, ecological and biomorphological composition. Furthermore, the authors investigated the resource value of the riparian-aquatic plants. A study of the flora revealed 53 species of semi-aquatic plants, hydrophytes amount to 11,3%, hygrogelophytes 7,5%, galofity (15%), hygrophytes 30,8%, hygromesophyte and mesophytae of 39,6%. The types of plants growing in the bed of the river Karalic and the coast represented by 28 genera from 24 families. The taxa belong to the classes Liliiopsida (11 families) and are represented by a (13 families). The greatest number of species observed for the Asteraceae Salicaceaе, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Lemnaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Polygonaceae, Lamiaceae, and Typhaceae, they contain from 7 to 2 species, the remaining 14 families represented by one species. Analysis of the flora of the river Karalic showed that the aquatic flora contains 18 species or 34% of the total species composition. Low species diversity is due to the high degree of erosion processes, active processes of sedimentation as a result of failure of coastal protection zones. Low water clarity inhibits the development of the typical aquatic plants.
Some aspects of the everyday life of officials in the Russian Empire in the beginning of XX century (based on the «Vestnik chinovnika»)
Authors: Ospanova Alma Asylhanovna
Published: December 2020

This article explains the necessity of studying the historical experience of the management organization of the Russian Empire. The article contains an analysis of the situation of contemporary historiography, which feature lies in the fact that it is necessary to study not only the degree of effectiveness of the mechanisms of power, but also the factors influencing it. Among these factors occupies an important place daily serving officials, their way of life, material security, way of life. The history of everyday life a new branch of historical knowledge, the subject of study which is the sphere of human commonness of multiple historical, cultural, political and event-and religious-confessional contexts. The focus of the study of the history of everyday life repeating, normal and usual, design style and way of life of the members of different social classes, including emotional reactions to events and behavior motives. One of the main sources of this study advocates periodical Vestnik chinovnika, which allows to understand the lifestyles of officials from the "inside." Analysis of this edition allows to draw conclusions about the limited salaries, lack of financial security, which is reflected in the number of employees malfeasance. The results can serve as a basis for further study of the factors influencing the efficiency of public administration and for the study of everyday regional officials.
Personality orientation and motives of profession choice: points of intersection
Authors: Gorshkova Tatyana Anatolyevna , Gromova Ecatherine Mihajlovna , Berkutova Diana Iskanderovna
Published: December 2020

The paper studies the problem of features of professional career planning by provincial youth. The authors have analyzed the main scientific and methodological approaches concerning a task of peaceful co-existence and mutual enrichment of various cultures as well as in aspect of career pursuing by youth. The Frederik Gertsbergs theory of motivation is considered. F.Gertsberg has created two-factor model where the first group of factors (hygienic) holds the personality at work, the second group (motivators) motivates to work. Using F. Gertsbergs test it is possible to define the motivation structure and to allocate the prevailing factors of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with work. Experimental selection of respondents constituted from the rates of 4-year-full-time-students of Technology and Design Department of UlSPU. The respondents diagnosing was carried out according to the F. Gertsbergs test for tracking the interrelation of the personality orientation and motives of profession choice. B.Basss orientation questionnaire was used for identification of personality orientation. This technique allows to reveal the degree of expressiveness of three main orientations of the personality: self orientation, partner interaction and task orientation. The results of the carried-out diagnostics prove that motives of profession choice and personality orientation have points of intersection. These materials can serve as a basis for further developments of theoretical and practical aspects of the problem of professional career planning by provincial youth.