bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISCIPLINES OF THE ACCOUNTING FIELD IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS IN LVIV: HISTORICAL OVERVIEW FROM THE 19TH TO THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Lemishovska Olesia
Published: August 2023

The expediency is substantiated, and the results of the study on the history of accounting knowledge provision for non-core specialization specialists in Lviv academic institutions of the university type from the 19th to the first half of the 20th centuries are presented. The study reveals the content and position of accounting disciplines in the educational programs of the examined institutions. By analyzing the content of accounting subjects and their placement in educational programs for the training of managerial specialists in various profiles (management and technical specialties), it was established that the main motive behind the educational process was to acquire skills in the professional use of accounting data in management. The necessity of such knowledge was also determined by the managerial responsibility of organizing accounting and presenting accounting statements. It was found that the establishment of the regional accounting system (“provincial accounting”) and the consolidation of its teaching tradition in educational institutions had a significant influence on university professors, who were also official representatives of the Galician provincial accounting department and members of the state examination commission on state accounting. An analytical review of educational and practical manuals and textbooks developed by the professors of the examined educational institutions for acquiring practical accounting skills and constructing different types of accounting for organizing state, national, municipal enterprises, and private farms was conducted. The article argues that the ideas established in the past regarding the acquisition of accounting knowledge by specialists in various fields as future managers can be utilized in the development of modern university educational and professional programs. Based on the study’s findings on the methodological connection between theoretical accounting disciplines and practical subjects (courses), it is concluded that their integration can be beneficial in creating a comprehensive system of scientific and methodological support for the modern educational process in managerial, financial, and economic specialties. An alternative approach could involve incorporating historical practices of organizing economic studies for a theoretical review of the accounting and reporting subject area into the current training processes for non-accounting specialized professionals.
SYNESTHESIA OF THE WEIGHT FEATURE: LANGUAGE DIMENSION
Authors: Mykolenko Tetiana
Published: August 2023

Synesthesia is the ability of a person to perceive features of one perceptual modality in the differential coordinates of another. The weight feature is considered to be one of the oldest forms of characterizing objects. In the studies conducted on the material of various European languages, the ability of the weight feature to act as a source of synesthetic transfers has been proven to be high compared to other perceptual characteristics. As a study result of the synesthesia phenomenon on the material of the Ukrainian prose text, it was found that the weight feature is often used to characterize the phenomena of other modalities. Illustrations for the use of the weight feature of "heavy" / "difficult" in the modes of hearing, pain, sight, smell, taste, and temperature have been found. The absolute favourite in the use of a weight feature to characterize personal objects turned out to be the modus of hearing (33% of the material). The material reveals the existence of certain thematic groups of audio vocabulary that have an open valence to the perception of a weight feature: names and results of the speech process, nominations related to movement, names of physiological audio phenomena (sighing), names of silence, audio expression of emotions. The use of the weight feature in the modes of pain (12%), vision (8%), smell (5%), taste (3%), and temperature (2% of the analysed material) is presented in a smaller number. In isolated cases, complex patterns of a combination of weight, pain and auditory features have been recorded. We believe that emotional vocabulary, together with perceptual modusi, are a component of synesthetic changes. Enrolment of the field of emotional expression in the linguistic objects of synesthesia radically changes the picture, since the WEIGHT – EMOTION model occupies the first position in a number of quantitative realization of synesthetic transitions of the weight feature (37%). The adjectives "heavy" / "difficult" are used to describe suffering, sorrow, and grief. The presence of complex models of feeling, which combine components from the weight, auditory and emotional spheres, as well as weight, visual and emotional ones, has been objectified.
PAREMIOLOGICAL UNITS IN THE MODERN NEWSPAPER DISCOURSE OF UKRAINE WAR PERIOD: PRAGMATIC EFFECT
Authors: Maslova Yuliia
Published: August 2023

There is no doubt about the relevance of the study of language units of paremia in the Ukrainian-language newspaper discourse, because this topic is little studied in the scientific works of linguists. In our study, we interpret newspaper discourse as a complex mental and sociocultural phenomenon, pragmatic in its expressive representations, complex in content and construction structure due to the need to reflect information about the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. The modern newspaper text of the war period is a vivid representative of the use of paremiological units, which testify to an extremely expressive atmosphere in the information space and explain the national potentials and originality of the native language. A significant feature of the activation of paremia in journalism is that the modern newspaper text becomes more readable, harmonious, ethnically marked, attractive, with bright expressive semantic and stylistic shades of appreciation, relies on the popular phraseological trends of Ukrainians to express reality. In our study, paremias are understood as linguistic units with a pragmatic effect, which form a functionally productive source of expressions for uncontrollable emotions, excitement and upheavals, most fully reflect the tragedy of modern realities of war, express a positive or negative social/authorial assessment of the depicted events. Paremiological units are powerful repeaters of national culture, they contain the genetic code of the people, ethnic group, nation, so journalists use paremiological material as an effective way of rhetorical argumentation, an authoritative source of folk wisdom, to finally convince the audience, emotionally impress them, make them believe and trust the author. We have proven that the array of paremias in newspaper texts ensures the success of the communicative act, because it contributes to the process of mental encoding and decoding of information, the levelling of communication barriers, the popularization of Ukrainian culture, and the expression of intellectual thought. The newspaper discourse of the war period appears as a vivid representative of the mentality and a powerful source of broadcasting the national code of the Ukrainian ethnos.
Structure-based design of a phosphotyrosine-masked covalent ligand targeting the E3 ligase SOCS2
Authors: Ramachandran Sarath , Makukhin Nikolai , Haubrich Kevin , Nagala Manjula , Forrester Beth , Lynch Dylan , Casement Ryan , Testa Andrea , Bruno Elvira , Gitto Rosaria , Ciulli Alessio
Published: August 2023

The Src homology 2 (SH2) domain recognises phosphotyrosine (pY) post translational modifications in partner proteins to trigger downstream signalling. Drug discovery efforts targeting the SH2 domains have long been stymied by the poor drug-like properties of phosphate and its mimetics. Here, we have used structure-based design to target the SH2 domain of the E3 ligase suppressor of cytokine signalling 2 (SOCS2). Starting from the highly ligand-efficient pY amino acid, a fragment growing approach led to a serendipitous observation of covalent modification of Cys111 in a co-crystal structure, which we leveraged to rationally design a cysteine-directed electrophilic covalent inhibitor MN551. We developed the prodrug MN714 containing a pivaloyloxymethyl (POM) protecting group and evidence its cell permeability and capping group unmasking using cellular target engagement and in cell 19F NMR spectroscopy. Covalent engagement and modification of Cys111 of cellular SOCS2 was confirmed using mass spectrometry. The qualified covalent inhibitors of SOCS2 could find attractive applications as chemical probes to understand the biology of SOCS2 and its CRL5 complex, and as covalent E3 ligase handles in proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTACs) to induce targeted protein degradation.
Understanding the effect of moderate concentration SDS on CO2 hydrates growth in the presence of THF
Authors: Cai Xinrui , Worley Joshua , Phan Anh , Salvalaglio Matteo , Koh Carolyn , Striolo Alberto
Published: August 2023

Additives like Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) improve CO2 hydrates thermal stability and growth rate when used separately. It has been hypothesised that combining them could improve the kinetics of growth and the thermodynamic stability of CO2 hydrates. We exploit atomistic molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the combined impact of THF and SDS under different temperatures and concentrations. The simulation insights are verified experimentally using pendant drop tensiometry conducted at ambient pressures and high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry. Our simulations revealed that the combination of both additives is synergistic at low temperatures but antagonistic at temperatures above 274.1 K due to the aggregation SDS molecules induced by THF molecules. These aggregates effectively remove THF and CO2 from the hydrate-liquid interface, thereby reducing the driving force for hydrates growth. Experiments revealed that the critical micelle concentration of SDS in water decreases by 20% upon the addition of THF. Further experiments showed that only small amounts of SDS with THF is sufficient to increase the CO2 storage efficiency by over 40% compared to results obtained without promoters. These results provide microscopic insights into the mechanisms of THF and SDS promoters on CO2 hydrates, which allow for determining the optimal condition for hydrate growth.
Organopalladium Catalysis as a Proving Ground for Data-Rich Approaches to Reaction Development and Quantitative Predictions
Authors: Lu Jingru , Leitch David
Published: August 2023

With the advent of high-throughput methods for both computation and experimentation, data-rich approaches to discovering and understanding chemical reactions are becoming ever more central to catalysis research. Organopalladium catalysis is at the forefront of these new approaches, providing a rich proving ground for method development and validation. This critical Perspective discusses a number of recent case studies from academic and industrial laboratories that illustrate how to generate, analyze, and correlate large data sets for quantitative predictions of reactivity and selectivity. Both the power and potential pitfalls of these approaches are discussed, as are the opportunities for both practical predictions and fundamental mechanistic insights.
Understanding the environmental impact of large-scale cellulose nanocrystals production: Case studies in regions dependent on renewable and fossil fuel energy sources
Authors: Yaseneva Polina , Hamad Wadood , Hao Zhimian
Published: August 2023

Favorable functional properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in several end-use application areas, as well as its ‘green’ credential as a bio-based material stimulate significant interest in scaling up the manufacture of CNCs. As in any other process, there exist several design options for the overall process and decisions on adoption of a specific plant configuration should be based on economic as well as environmental data, preferably from the life cycle assessment perspective. In this study we establish a benchmark LCA study of a conceptual large-scale CNC manufacturing process based on sulfuric acid hydrolysis. We then use the benchmark process model to explore several plant configuration scenarios and sensitivity of optimal plant configurations to energy mix of different regions. Results of LCA study suggest the optimal plant configuration to include partial recycle of sulfuric acid, which allows to attain the minimum cradle-to-gate environmental impacts. This study provides benchmark figures of LCA impacts of CNC manufacture, which could be used for the assessment of carbon footprint and other environmental metrics of final products manufactured from CNCs.
A benchmark study of dioxygen complexes based on coupled cluster and density functional theory
Authors: Swart Marcel
Published: August 2023

A set of five compounds containing peroxo, superoxo or bis-mu-oxo moieties has been studied in the gas phase using CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ, in combination with Goodson’s continued fraction approach. The corresponding analytical frequencies corroborate assignments of bands from experiments, and thus provide a consistent set of reference data that can be used for benchmarking a range of density functional approximations. A total of 75 density functionals have been checked for the bonds, peroxo/superoxo bonds, angles, vibrational frequencies and electronic energies. There is not one density functional that performs equally well for all of these properties, not even within one class of density functionals.
Critical assessment of the chemical space covered by LC-HRMS non-targeted analysis
Authors: Hulleman Tobias , Turkina Viktoriia , O’Brien Jake W. , Chojnacka Aleksandra , Thomas Kevin V. , Samanipour Saer
Published: August 2023

Non-targeted analysis (NTA) has emerged as a valuable approach for comprehensive monitoring of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in the exposome. The NTA approach, theoretically, is able to identify compounds with diverse physicochemical properties and sources. Non-targeted analysis methods, even though generic and wide scoping, have been shown to have limitations in terms of their coverage of the chemical space, as the number of the identified chemicals in each sample is very low (e.g. < 5%). Investigating the chemical space covered by each NTA assay is crucial for understanding the limitations and challenges associated with the workflow from experimental methods to the data acquisition and data processing. In this review, we examined recent NTA studies published between 2017 and 2023 that employed liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The parameters used in each study were documented and reported chemicals at the confidence level 1 and 2 were retrieved. The chosen experimental setups and the quality of reporting were critically evaluated and discussed. The findings revealed that only around 2% of the estimated chemical space was covered by the NTA studies investigated. Little to no trend was found between the experimental setup and the observed coverage, due to the generic and wide scope of NTA studies. The limited coverage of chemical space by the NTA studies highlights the necessity for a more comprehensive approach in experimental and data processing setups to enable the exploration of a broader range of chemical space, with the ultimate goal of protecting human and environmental health. Recommendations to further explore a wider range of the chemical space were given.
Ultra small Pd clusters in FER zeolite alleviate CO poisoning for effective low temperature carbon monoxide oxidation
Authors: Song Inhak , Koleva Iskra Z. , Aleksandrov Hristiyan A. , Chen Linxiao , Heo Jaeyoung , Li Dongsheng , Wang Yong , Szanyi Janos , Khivantsev Konstantin
Published: August 2023

Ultra small Pd4 clusters form inside FER zeolite during low temperature treatment (100 °C) in the presence of humid CO gas. They effectively catalyze CO oxidation below 100°C, whereas Pd nanoparticles are not active as they are poisoned by CO. Using catalytic measurements, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS), microscopy, and density functional theory calculations we provide the molecular level insight into this previously unreported phenomenon. Pd nanoparticles get covered with CO at low temperatures which effectively blocks O2 activation until CO desorption occurs. Small Pd clusters in zeolites, in contrast, demonstrate fluxional behavior in the presence of CO, which significantly increases their affinity for binding O2. Our study shows a pathway for achieving low temperature CO oxidation activity on the basis of well-defined Pd/zeolite system.
Deprotonation of arenes with weak base: assessing and expanding the functional group compatibility of aryne chemistry
Authors: Metze Bryan , Roberts Riley , Nilova Aleksandra , Stuart David
Published: August 2023

Arynes hold immense potential as reactive intermediates in organic synthesis as they engage in a diverse range of mechanistically distinct chemical reactions. However, the poor functional group compatibility of generating arynes or aryne precursors has stymied their widespread use. Here, we show that generating arynes can be both efficient and mild by deprotonating aryl(TMP)iodonium salts with potassium phosphate (TMP = 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl) and these conditions are uniquely compatible with acyclic diaryliodonium salts. We have also performed the first comparison of functional group compatibility by the method of additives across a range of reaction conditions, including the current state-of-the-art, to generate arynes. The scope of the reaction conditions includes sensitive functional groups such as benzylic halides, ketones, alcohols, and boronate esters that are not compatible with prior methods and charts a new course forward for aryne chemistry.
Design and synthesis of bioreductive prodrugs of class I histone deacetylase inhibitors and their biological evaluation in virally transfected acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Sippl Wolfgang , Abdelsalam Mohamed , Zmyslia Mariia , Schmidtkunz Karin , Vecchio Anita , Hilscher Sebastian , Ibrahim Hany S. , Schutkowski Mike , Jung Manfred , Jessen-Trefzer Claudia
Published: August 2023

Although histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors show promise in treating various types of hematologic malignancies, they have some limitations, including poor pharmacokinetics and off-target side effects, which may be a reason to exclude many of them from further drug development. Prodrug design has shown promise as an approach to improve pharmacokinetic properties and also to improve target tissue specificity. In the present work, several bioreductive prodrugs for class I HDACs were designed and synthesized based on known selective HDAC inhibitors. The zinc-binding group of the HDAC inhibitors was masked with various nitroarylmethyl residues to make them substrates of nitroreductase (NTR). The developed prodrugs showed very weak HDAC inhibitory activity compared to their parent inhibitors. The prodrugs were also tested against wild-type and NTR-transfected THP1 cells. Cellular assays showed that both 2-nitroimidazole-based prodrugs 5 and 6 were best activated by the NTR prodrug system and exhibited potent activity against NTR-THP1 cells. Compound 6 showed the highest cellular activity (GI50 = 77 nM) and also exhibited a moderate selectivity window. Moreover, activation of the prodrug by NTR was confirmed by LC-MS analysis, which showed the release of the parent inhibitor after incubation of prodrug 6 with E. coli NTR. Thus, compound 6 can be considered as a novel prodrug selective for class I HDACs with good bioreductive properties, which could be used as a good starting point for increasing selectivity and for further optimization.
Computational investigation of MAX as intercalation host for rechargeable aluminum-ion battery
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Jingyang , Ouyang Bin
Published: August 2023

Layered carbides and their analogs with MAX phase (general formula AMn+1Xn) have emerged as promising candidates for energy storage and conversion applications. One frontier for energy storage is using MAX as an Al-ion intercalation electrode. Given that many MAXs have their A sites being Al, the structure can potentially serve as a stable host for Al intercalation. Here in this work, we computationally enumerated 425 ternary MAX Al-ion battery electrodes. Specifically, we perform first principal phase diagram calculations on the combinatorial space of 17 types of typical transition metals, 5 types of anions (C, N, B, Si, P), three types of stoichiometries (n=1, 2, 3) and two types of layered stackings (α and β). Among all the ternary MAX materials, 44 candidates show reasonable synthetic accessibility and 5 shows extraordinary performance than most reported Al-ion battery electrodes. With the phase stability, electrochemical performance (average voltage, theoretical capacity, energy density and Al diffusion barrier), our work provide comprehensive computational assessment of the great opportunities behind MAX based Al-ion battery.
A Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Equipped with a Molecular Nano-Valve
Authors: Ghazal Sara , Tabbalat Sarah , Gandara Felipe , Al-Ghourani Ala'a , Abusulieh Samah , Abdellatief Mahmoud , Sunoqrot Suhair , Cordova Kyle
Published: August 2023

The concept of a molecular nano-valve is applied to a newly synthesized biocompatible hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF), termed RSS-140, in order to load, trap, and subsequently release an antioxidant on command. Specifically, we exploit the pore windows of RSS-140 (i.e., β-CD cavities) to first load and trap the antioxidant, Trolox, within the internal pores of the HOF (Trolox⊂RSS-140) and, to prevent it from leaching, utilize supramolecular chemistry to complex azobenzene (Azo) with β-CD (Trolox⊂Azo@RSS-140). The molecular nano-valve is fully realized upon exposing Trolox⊂Azo@RSS-140 to UV light with a specific wavelength, which induces Azo isomerization, Azo decomplexation from β-CD, and subsequent release of Trolox from the pores of RSS-140. The biocompatibility and non-toxicity of Trolox⊂Azo@RSS-140, together with the absolute control over the nano-valve opening, was established to yield a system that safely and slowly releases Trolox for longer-lasting antioxidant efficacy. As the field of supramolecular chemistry is rich with similar systems and many such systems can be used as building blocks to construct HOFs or other extended framework materials, we envision the molecular nano-valve concept to be applied widely for controllably delivering molecular cargo for diverse applications.
Finite-Size Effects in Simulations of Chemical Reactions
Authors: Hebbeker Pascal , Blanco Pablo , Uhlík Filip , Kosovan Peter
Published: August 2023

To study macroscopic systems with coarse grained simulations one typically simulates a micro- scopic part of this macroscopic system. By reducing the size of the simulated system one introduces finite size effects. In this work we study the finite-size effects in the reaction ensemble, which is used to simulate reactive system. We calculate the finite-size effects in a non-interacting systems by explicitly calculating the partition function. This approach provides high precision data at low computational costs. For a grand canonical insertion/deletion of a pair of particles our results reproduces previously published results, validating our approach. Further, we show that a sim- ple isomerization reaction is not affected by finite size effects. For a decomposition reaction we show that previous estimates were overestimating the finite-size effects, and one can simulate much smaller systems while avoiding the finite-size effects. For previously studied acid-base equilibria the finite-size effects are only relevant at extreme conditions. The tool we provide allows to a priori estimate the finite-size effects and find the limits of the applicability of the reaction ensemble.
Boron-Mediated Regiospecific Ortho Halogenation of N-Aryl Am-ides and Ureas: Harnessing Boron Reactivity for Efficient C-X Bond Formation
Authors: Shinde Ganesh , Ghotekar Ganesh , Amombo Noa Francoise , Öhrström Lars , Norrby Per-Ola , Sundén Henrik
Published: August 2023

The installation of the C-halogen bond to the ortho position of N-aryl amides and ureas represents a tool to prepare motifs that are ubiquitous in biologically active compounds. To construct such prevalent bonds, most methods demand the use of precious metals and a multistep process. Here we report a novel protocol for the long-standing challenge of regioselective ortho halogenation of N-aryl amides and ureas using an oxidative halodeboronation. By harnessing the reactivity of boron over nitrogen, we merge carbonyl-directed borylation with consecutive halodeborylation, enabling the precise introduction of the C−X bond at the desired ortho position of N-aryl amides and ureas. This method offers an efficient, practical, and scalable solution for synthesizing halogenated N-heteroarenes under mild conditions, highlighting the superiority of boron reactivity in directing the regiospecificity of the reaction.
Valkyrie Probes: A Novel Class of Enzyme-Activatable Photosensitizers based on Sulfur- and Seleno-Rosamines with Pyridinium Unit
Authors: LIORET Vivian , RENAULT Kévin , MAURY Olivier , ROMIEU Anthony
Published: August 2023

The rational design of activatable photosensitizers (aPSs) uncaged by specific disease biomarkers is currently booming due to their positive attributes to achieve targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this context, we present here the synthesis and detailed photophysical characterization of a novel class of hetero-rosamine dyes bearing sulfur or selenium as bridging heavy atom and 4-pyridyl meso-substituent as optically tunable group. The main feature of such photoactive platforms is the spectacular change of their spectral properties depending on the caging/decaging status of their 4-pyridyl moiety (cationic pyridinium vs. neutral pyridine). The preparation of two alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-responsive probes (named Valkyrie probes ) was achieved through formal N-quaternarization with 4-phosphoryloxybenzyl, the traditional recognition moiety for this important diagnostic enzyme. Bio-analytical validations including fluorescence/singlet oxygen phosphorescence enzyme assays and RP-HPLC-fluorescence/-MS analyses have enabled us to demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of this novel photosensitizer activation strategy. Since sulfur-containing Valkyrie probe also retains high fluorogenicity in the orange-red spectral range, this study highlights meso-pyridyl-substituted S-pyronin scaffolds as valuable candidates for the rapid construction of molecular phototheranostic platforms suitable for combined fluorescence diagnosis and PDT.
Searching for the Rules of Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Tort Romain , Bagger Alexander , Westhead Olivia , Kondo Yasuyuki , Khobnya Artem , Winiwarter Anna , Davies Bethan J. V. , Walsh Aron , Ryan Mary P. , Titirici Maria-Magdalena , Stephens Ifan E. L.
Published: August 2023

Li-mediated ammonia synthesis is – thus far – the only electrochemical method for decentralised ammonia production, an alternative to one of the largest thermal heterogeneous catalytic processes, for its unique selectivity on a solid electrode. However, it is burdened with intrinsic energy losses, operating at Li plating potential. In this work, we survey the periodic table to understand the fundamental features that make Li stand out. Through density functional theory calculations and experimentation on chemistries analogous to lithium (e.g. Na, Mg, Ca), we find that lithium is unique in several ways. It combines a stable nitride that readily decomposes to ammonia, with an ideal solid electrolyte interphase, balancing reagents at the reactive interface. We propose descriptors based on simulated formation and binding energies of key intermediates, and further on hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB principle) to generalize such features. The survey aims to help the community towards new electrochemical systems for nitrogen fixation.
Study and Characterization of Hydrochar from Duku (Lansium domesticum) Peel
Authors: Fitri Erni Salasia , Ardiansyah Redo
Published: August 2023

Peel of duku fruit (Lansium domesticum) was prepared into hydrochar by using hydrothermal carbonation method at heating time variation of 8, 10, 12, 24 hours and temperature variation of 200 and 250°C. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analyses were conducted to determine at what time and temperature variations the adsorbent had the best adsorption quality. Based on the characteristics of the adsorbent, it can be seen that the best hydrochar is at 12 hours and at a temperature of 200°C. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the presence of diffraction peaks at angles of 15.7° and 22.79° Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) analysis obtained explained that there were peaks of vibration peaks namely -OH, -CH, =CH, C=O, C=C aromatic and aliphatic. Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) analysis can be seen that the increase in surface area on duku fruit peel (Lansium domesticum) and hydrochar at 200°C from 12.343 m2 /g to 22.635 m2 /g. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis shows that the surface peel of duku fruit (Lansium domesticum) material has a clumped surface morphology in the same phase or also called aggregation, while the hydrochar tends to have an irregular shape or can be called heterogeneous morphology.
Jorge Luis Borges' Poetics of Narrative Fiction: Magic Causality and Defective Memory
Authors: Albuquerque Joao
Published: August 2023

This article intends to discuss Jorge Luis Borges’ Poetics of the Narrative, that is, to question the form and the literary devices which make a narrative somehow effective. I shall focus on aspects associated with the buildup of the plot, such as the magic causality, the writing style based upon a concept of selective memory and oriented towards a dynamic and concatenated articulation of the events. The technicity inherent to these aspects increases the interaction between the reader and the text, makes of the former a machine operator of an open mechanism.
Effectiveness of liners with silver and zinc nanoparticles in milking machines
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Rodionov G.V. , Olesyuk A.P. , Pishchikov D.I.
Published: August 2023

Many factors influence milking performance. The milking machine is one of the most important components of a milking unit. Irrespective of its design features it is intended for extracting milk from the udder under vacuum. A promising area for the prevention of mastitis in cows is the use of silver and zinc nanoparticles. In the preliminary phase, no significant differences were found in all indicators. It was found that the number of cows suffering from mastitis during the milking period with the experimental liners decreased, while the qualitative indices of the milk remained unchanged.
Analysis of the biophysical qualities of eggs in the pushkinsk and tzarskosel ’skaya hens with various allelic variants of the LCORL gene
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Pozovnikova M.V. , Larkina T.A. , Vakhrameev A.B. , Fedorova Z.L.
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study was to analyse the association of polymorphic variants of the LCORL gene for SNP A503G with egg quality in chickens of the Pushkin and Tsarskoye Selo breeds. The sample consisted of chickens of the combined productivity direction of the Pushkin (n=107) and Tsarskoye Selo (n=90) breeds of 2021 year of hatching. The birds were kept in individual cages on the basis of the bioresource collection of the RRIFAGB “Genetic Collection of Rare Endangered Breeds of Chickens” (Pushkin, St. Petersburg). The poultry were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Biophysical properties of the eggs were evaluated in hens at 35 weeks of age. A comparative analysis of the qualitative characteristics of the eggs revealed some differences between the breeds. For examle, the eggs from the Pushkin breed hens differed from the eggs of the Tsarskoye Selo hens in high egg weight (p ≤ 0.001) and shell (p ≤ 0.01), shell thickness (p ≤ 0.01), PPF values (p ≤ 0.01), but had a thinner shell membrane (p ≤ 0.01). The analysis of the SNP A503G association with the LCORL gene showed that the eggs from the Pushkin chickens with the AG genotype had high mean values for shell thickness (p < 0.001), shell weight (p < 0.05) and yolk weight (p < 0.01). For chickens of the Tsarskoye Selo breed, significant associations were obtained for chickens with the AG genotype on the basis of yolk weight (p ˂ 0.05).
Evaluation of the current state of Erythroni um ca ucasic um woronow in nature and culture
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Isaenko T.N.
Published: August 2023

Monitoring of Erythronium caucasicum Woronow (Caucasian kandyk), family Liliaceae on the territory of the Stavropol upland has been carried out since 2010. The Caucasian Kandyk is a glacial relic, listed in the Red Books of the Russian Federation, Stavropol Territory and other regions. In our region, this is an endangered species, status 1 (E), having point ranges (protection category III). The research work was carried out on the dynamics of the Russkiy Les Protected Area and Stavropol Botanical Garden: in artificially created forest formations and on the exposition site Rare and Endangered Species. Observation points for the condition of the Caucasian kandyk are located in one (III) natural-climatic zone of insufficient moisture. The aim of the research work is to determine the current state of the Caucasian kandyk under different ecological and biological conditions. The research work was carried out on stationary sites (1 m²) and during the route survey. The age structure, the renewal index, and the main morphological parameters of plants (height, leaf length and width, flower diameter, etc.) were used to evaluate the state of populations. As a result of the observations carried out in 2010–2022, the population with of 10 ha was found to be growing in natural habitats. The exception was 2021: we assume that unfavorable weather conditions of previous years (drought 2018–2020) and terrain (slope of Stavropol Mountain) affected the absence of plants throughout the territory. In 2022, the population has recovered. In the lower part of the Russkiy Les, on an area of four hectares, the population is stable; on an area of three hectares, it is declining. On the territory of the Stavropol Botanical Garden in the oak-hornbeam-ash forest, the area occupied by kandyk has increased in comparison with 2013, the plants are blooming and fruiting, the advantage of young, pregenerative individuals was noted. In the ornamental group, where the composition of tree and shrub species does not correspond to that of broad-leaved forests, there are no juveniles in its natural habitats, and a low renewal index is noted. On small plot beds, the species is insufficiently stable, there is no fruiting, the plants are in a depressed state.
Initial forms of strawberries for breeding for productivity and fruit quality
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Marchenko L.A.
Published: August 2023

The world assortment of strawberries includes about 15 thousand varieties, lines and shapes. Breeding work continues in various directions, but the priority remains the creation of varieties characterised by high productivity, large-fruited and marketable fruits that meet the requirements of industrial cultivation. It is possible to increase the efficiency of breeding in this direction by finding and using new sources and donors of valuable traits. The aim of the research was to study the characters of productivity and quality of strawberry fruit in order to identify new breeding sources. The research was carried out at the strawberry genetic collection located in the Moscow region, at the Department of Genetics and Breeding of Garden Crops of the Federal Horticultural Centre for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. The subjects of the study were strawberry plants of 33 varieties of different genetic and geographical origin recommended in the scientific literature for industrial cultivation. The variety samples were studied according to the Program and methodology of variety studies of fruit, berry and nut crops. Microsoft Excel was used for statistical data processing by single-factor analysis of variance and grouping of varieties based on NSR0.5. When studying strawberry varieties grown under field conditions using traditional technology, the highest productivity was noted in the varieties: ‘Rozana Kievskaya’ (431.5 g/bush), ‘Troitskaya’ (392.7 g/bush), ‘Al’fa’ (322.4 g/bush), ‘Irma’ (318.2 g/bush), ‘Kokinskaya Pozdnyaya’ (300.2 g/bush). The sources of large fruit are identified in the varieties: ‘Kokinskaya Pozdnyaya’, ‘Festival’naya Romashka’, ‘Irma’, ‘Arosa’, ‘Troitskaya’, ‘Florence’, ‘Jemma’, ‘Vima Kimberly’, ‘Tsaritsa’, ‘Nelly’, ‘Vityaz’’, ‘Asia’, ‘Selekta’, ‘Сlery’, ‘Vima Zanta’, ‘Urozhaynaya TsGL’, ‘Rozana Kievskaya’, ‘Al’fa’, ‘Alba’, ‘Venta’, ‘Tsarskosel’skaya’, ‘Bryanich’, ‘Borovitskaya’, ‘Tago’. The highest hardness of fruits was observed in the varieties ‘Arosa’ and ‘Vima Kimberly’ varieties. The varieties ‘Kubata’, ‘Nelly’, ‘Florence’, ‘Asia’, ‘Alba’, ‘Irma’, ‘Tago’, and ‘Lakomaya’ showed a high level of the trait. As a result of the study, sources of high potential productivity (“large fruit” and “number of ovaries per bush”) were identified: ‘Rozana Kievskaya’, ‘Troitskaya’, ‘Al’fa’. The varieties ‘Florence’, ‘Vima Kimberly’, ‘Asia’, ‘Arosa’, ‘Irma’, ‘Nelly’ are recommended as sources for fruit quality (“large fruit” and “fruit hardness”).
Study of the development of the plum moth features Grapholita funebrana Tr. (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae ) in changing climatic conditions of the Krasnodar territory
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Vasilchenko A.V. , Prakh S.V. , Podgornaya M.E.
Published: August 2023

Effective management of phytophagous pests and improvement of crop protection measures can be based on the study of the life cycle under specific conditions. In this respect, a number of issues relating to the biological features of plum moth development under modern conditions require clarification and further study. The life cycle of phytophages is determined by two main parameters: heat availability (the sum of the effective temperature) and the duration of daylight hours. The amount of heat required to complete the different stages of otogenesis is characterised by the sum of average daily temperatures. The article presents the results of observations on the development of Grapholita funebrana (Treitschke, 1835) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in 2017–2020, in the Prikubansky zone of the central horticultural subzone of the Krasnodar Territory. The research objectives included gaining new knowledge about adaptive responses, dynamic processes occurring in the G. funebrana population under conditions of increased abiotic effects in the conditions of southern Russia. In the course of the research it was established that the changing climatic conditions observed in recent years have an impact on the flight of the first butterflies of the overwintering generation and on the set of sum of effective temperatures (SET) necessary for the onset and mass flight of the phytophagus. The specified number of calendar days and the sum of effective temperatures required for the development of the overwintered, first and second summer generations are shown in comparison with the average annual indicators. Several peaks were noted during the mass flight period of phytophagus, due to the interruption of the flight period in spring with wind, precipitation, low temperatures, and in summer with high temperatures combined with atmospheric dryness. Several peaks have been observed during the mass flight period of the phytophage, due to the interruption of flight in the spring by wind, precipitation, lower temperatures, and in the summer by high temperatures combined with atmospheric drought.
Crop rotation productivity depending on fertiliser systems in a long-term experiment
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Dzyuin A.G.
Published: August 2023

The problem of increasing soil fertility is one of the main tasks of agriculture in the Udmurt Republic and the Non-Chernozem region. The most acceptable way of solving this problem is biologisation, which provides for a decrease in the amount of chemicals and an increase in the amount of biologicalagents. If there is a lack of fertiliser, the use of green manure or straw alone will not solve the problem. On acidic soils, a complex action on the soil is needed, starting with liming and the use of optimal doses of mineral fertiliser, which help to increase land productivity and crop rotation in a short period of time. Since 1971, the Udmurt Research Institute of Agriculture has been studying different fertilizer systems in 8-field crop rotations (1 – fallow; 2 – winter rye; 3 – potato, corn; 4 – spring wheat; 5 – clover; 6 – clover; 7 – winter rye; 8 – barley). Factor A are backgrounds: 0 – “zero” [10]; I2 – lime per one hydrolytic acidity (4.9 t/ha CaCO3) in the first rotation + two hydrolytic acidities (7.5 t/ha) in the second rotation; Н5С – manure 40 (first rotation) + 60 t/ha (2d‑5th rotations) + green manure (6th rotation); L2M5GM – lime + manure + green manure similarly. Factor B are options. Options without fertiliser and NPK are considered. Lime reduced soil acidity to a neutral level, slightly increased in the 4th rotation. The content of P2O5, K2O, and humus reached the highest level in the 5th rotation on manured backgrounds, resulting in 3.23 and 3.31 tce/ha in six rotations (18.3 and 22.0% more than without fertiliser). In lime and manure systems, mineral fertiliser increased crop rotation productivity by 32.4–35.7% on average over the entire period. Optimal doses for 3.0–4.0 t grain units/ha were 40–50 kg NPK/ha. Reducing the doses from 40–60 to 10–30 kg/ha of NPK in the last two rotations led to a decrease in crop rotation productivity (2.74–2.84) by 0.41–0.49 t grain units /ha. The lime-organomineral fertiliser system in the 3d, 4th and 5th rotations with “the addition of micronutrient fertiliser (zinc for winter rye, cobalt for potatoes, copper for spring wheat and barley, boron and molybdenum for clover)” [9] provided the highest crop rotation productivity – 4.67; 4.25; 3.32 t grain units/ha, with the highest increases – 2.05; 1.12; 1.05 t grain units/ha or 78.2; 35.8; 46.2%, respectively, in rotations. Manure can only be replaced periodically with a pea-oat mixture.
First report on Cephalotrichum asperulum as a potato pathogen in Russia
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Tuchkov I.V. , Tarakanov R.I. , Beloshapkina O.O. , Dzhalilov F.S. – U.
Published: August 2023

During the phytosanitary inspection of a lot of stored potatoes of cv. Zhukovskiy ranniy in the Orel region of Russia, tubers showed signs of lesions in the form of local darkening of the flesh without apparent softening and fungal structures on the surface (coremia). A pure culture of the pathogen was isolated and the morphological characteristics of the conidial sporulation structures in the extracted isolate were described; the average sizes of vegetative mycelium, conidia, conidiophores and coremia were given. Pathogenicity testing of the isolate on leaves and tuber discs showed symptoms in the form of localised chlorosis and necrosis. Subsequent identification of the isolate by PCR and sequencing showed that the isolate analysed was most closely related to the species Cephalotrichum asperulum of the genus Cephalotrichum. The resulting sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession number ON364353). Although these fungi are described in the literature as endophytic, this study emphasises their parasitic effect on the potato plant with certain semeiologies. This is probably the first report of C. asperulum causing local necrosis of potato leaves and tubers during storage in Russia.
Methods of application of psychological concepts and heuristics in finance
Authors:   Московский финансово-промышленный университет «Синергия», ХВАТКОВ В.И.
Published: August 2023

В предлагаемой статье представлены методы применения психологических концепций и эвристик в финансовой сфере. Даны уточненные определения психологических инструментов, используемых в финансовой сфере. Рассмотрены трудности, возникающие в современных условиях при использовании методик по применению психологических концепций и эвристик, разработанных до пандемийного кризиса.
Quince tesis sobre la racionalidad política
Authors: Sahuí Alejandro
Published: August 2023

El texto propone quince tesis sobre la noción de racionalidad política cuyo origen se puede rastrear en la filosofía de Immanuel Kant, en el ideal del uso público de la razón como un proyecto que postula la crítica y la justificación de normas capaces de causar una afectación personal. Se asume la autonomía como condición y límite de las reglas, y la posibilidad de resolver discursivamente su validez. La propuesta continúa una línea de interpretación de la razón pública que en la filosofía contemporánea desarrollaron Hannah Arendt, John Rawls o Jürgen Habermas. Es una lectura libre de estos filósofos, del ensayo sobre la ilustración y de la crítica de la facultad de juzgar que contienen la mayoría de las claves para pensar la racionalidad política.
Una noción triádica: condición, situación y posición de discapacidad
Authors: Brogna Patricia
Published: August 2023

Este artículo aborda el concepto de discapacidad abarcando las múltiples dimensiones y coordenadas que intersecan el fenómeno desde una perspectiva que posibilite describir, analizar y comprender la complejidad de cuanto anuda en el término discapacidad. Pretende presentar una distinción teórico-conceptual con capacidad heurística, analítica y explicativa a partir de la tríada condición, situación y posición de discapacidad. Para ello, se realizó un estudio a fin de desplegar mediaciones conceptuales pertinentes que brinden solidez y densidad a cada noción y a sus articulaciones.

A partir de los resultados, la condición de discapacidad se relaciona con el estado material y simbólico de la vivencia personalísima e intransferible en las trayectorias biográficas y las improntas de subjetivación. La situación de discapacidad refiere a los procesos de discapacitación que emergen de las interacciones cara a cara en la vida cotidiana, de las experiencias intersubjetivas, de la co-presencia y el co-habitar. Por último la posición de discapacidad remite a los aspectos y las dinámicas estructurales de tiempo largo que demarcan ese escaque en el campo social, en relación a las otras posiciones históricamente constituidas.

Las reflexiones finales abonan a apreciar una realidad en la cual las coordenadas de la tríada —al igual que la luz, que a veces es onda y otras, partícula— funcionan a veces como dimensiones, otras como niveles y otras o como vasos comunicantes.
Evaluación de (in)justicia distributiva en jóvenes de Centroamérica
Authors: García-Castro Juan Diego , Venegas Márquez Martín , Ramírez Cardoza Lorenzo , Robles Rivera Francisco
Published: August 2023

Centroamérica es una región caracterizada por la extrema desigualdad. En este estudio pionero en su campo, analizamos cómo 1501 jóvenes centroamericanos/as entre los 14 y 24 años (M=18,7,DE=3,1, 53,3% mujeres) evalúan la injusticia de la desigualdad en su país y qué predictores pueden explicar estas valoraciones. Con un diseño exploratorio y descriptivo, encontramos que donde menos se percibe la desigualdad como injusta es en Nicaragua y Costa Rica, seguido de Honduras y donde más injusta se considera es en Guatemala y El Salvador. Dentro de los predictores que aumentan la evaluación de justicia destaca la confianza en las instituciones y dentro de los que disminuyen dicha evaluación resaltan la falta de dinero para pagar la comida y la casa.