bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AI-based clinical assessment of optic nerve head robustness superseding biomechanical testing
Authors: Braeu Fabian A , Chuangsuwanich Thanadet , Tun Tin A , Perera Shamira , Husain Rahat , Thiery Alexandre H , Aung Tin , Barbastathis George , Girard Michaël J A
Published: January 2023

Background/aims

To use artificial intelligence (AI) to: (1) exploit biomechanical knowledge of the optic nerve head (ONH) from a relatively large population; (2) assess ONH robustness (ie, sensitivity of the ONH to changes in intraocular pressure (IOP)) from a single optical coherence tomography (OCT) volume scan of the ONH without the need for biomechanical testing and (3) identify what critical three-dimensional (3D) structural features dictate ONH robustness.

Methods

316 subjects had their ONHs imaged with OCT before and after acute IOP elevation through ophthalmo-dynamometry. IOP-induced lamina cribrosa (LC) deformations were then mapped in 3D and used to classify ONHs. Those with an average effective LC strain superior to 4% were considered fragile, while those with a strain inferior to 4% robust. Learning from these data, we compared three AI algorithms to predict ONH robustness strictly from a baseline (undeformed) OCT volume: (1) a random forest classifier; (2) an autoencoder and (3) a dynamic graph convolutional neural network (DGCNN). The latter algorithm also allowed us to identify what critical 3D structural features make a given ONH robust.

Results

All three methods were able to predict ONH robustness from a single OCT volume scan alone and without the need to perform biomechanical testing. The DGCNN (area under the curve (AUC): 0.76±0.08) outperformed the autoencoder (AUC: 0.72±0.09) and the random forest classifier (AUC: 0.69±0.05). Interestingly, to assess ONH robustness, the DGCNN mainly used information from the scleral canal and the LC insertion sites.

Conclusions

We propose an AI-driven approach that can assess the robustness of a given ONH solely from a single OCT volume scan of the ONH, and without the need to perform biomechanical testing. Longitudinal studies should establish whether ONH robustness could help us identify fast visual field loss progressors.

Precis

Using geometric deep learning, we can assess optic nerve head robustness (ie, sensitivity to a change in IOP) from a standard OCT scan that might help to identify fast visual field loss progressors.
Multicentre clinical study of haemorrhage after coblation tonsillectomy in children: a prospective study protocol
Authors: Xu Hongming , Qiu Shuyao , Pu Shilei , Hu Bin , Liu Dabo , Li Xiaoyan
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage (PTH) is the most common and significant life-threatening complication following tonsillectomy, especially in children. Coblation tonsillectomy (CTE) at low temperature is extensively used in China and has gradually replaced conventional tonsil dissection. However, risk of late PTH has been shown to increase with the use of hot instruments. The aim of this study is to detect post-CTE haemorrhage (PCTH) rates and analyse risk factors of PCTH in China, through a nationwide multicentre prospective study.

Methods and analysis

This investigator-initiated, prospective, multicentre clinical trial will involve children with tonsil disease who will undergo CTE from 22 research centres in different cities in China. All operations will be performed using the same technique of extracapsular tonsillectomy. Data will be collected for all patients enrolled in this study through a preoperative visit, intraoperative data and a postoperative visit. The measurement data conforming to a normal distribution will be expressed by means±SDs, and a Student’s t-test will be used for comparison. The comparison among groups of counting data will be expressed by percentage or rate, and a χ2test will be used for comparison. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis will be used to analyse the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative risk factors for haemorrhage rate after CTE. P<0.05 will be considered statistically significant.

Ethics and dissemination

This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Children’s Hospital/Shanghai Jiao Tong University (reference number 2021R096-E01). All patients will provide written informed consent. Results of this study are to be published in respected, peer-reviewed journals and findings presented at scientific conferences in the field of paediatric otorhinolaryngology.

Trial registration number

NCT05206799.
Gestational diabetes is driven by microbiota-induced inflammation months before diagnosis
Authors: Pinto Yishay , Frishman Sigal , Turjeman Sondra , Eshel Adi , Nuriel-Ohayon Meital , Shtossel Oshrit , Ziv Oren , Walters William , Parsonnet Julie , Ley Catherine , Johnson Elizabeth L , Kumar Krithika , Schweitzer Ron , Khatib Soliman , Magzal Faiga , Muller Efrat , Tamir Snait , Tenenbaum-Gavish Kinneret , Rautava Samuli , Salminen Seppo , Isolauri Erika , Yariv Or , Peled Yoav , Poran Eran , Pardo Joseph , Chen Rony , Hod Moshe , Borenstein Elhanan , Ley Ruth E , Schwartz Betty , Louzoun Yoram , Hadar Eran , Koren Omry
Published: January 2023

Objective

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which women without diabetes are diagnosed with glucose intolerance during pregnancy, typically in the second or third trimester. Early diagnosis, along with a better understanding of its pathophysiology during the first trimester of pregnancy, may be effective in reducing incidence and associated short-term and long-term morbidities.

Design

We comprehensively profiled the gut microbiome, metabolome, inflammatory cytokines, nutrition and clinical records of 394 women during the first trimester of pregnancy, before GDM diagnosis. We then built a model that can predict GDM onset weeks before it is typically diagnosed. Further, we demonstrated the role of the microbiome in disease using faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) of first trimester samples from pregnant women across three unique cohorts.

Results

We found elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in women who later developed GDM, decreased faecal short-chain fatty acids and altered microbiome. We next confirmed that differences in GDM-associated microbial composition during the first trimester drove inflammation and insulin resistance more than 10 weeks prior to GDM diagnosis using FMT experiments. Following these observations, we used a machine learning approach to predict GDM based on first trimester clinical, microbial and inflammatory markers with high accuracy.

Conclusion

GDM onset can be identified in the first trimester of pregnancy, earlier than currently accepted. Furthermore, the gut microbiome appears to play a role in inflammation-induced GDM pathogenesis, with interleukin-6 as a potential contributor to pathogenesis. Potential GDM markers, including microbiota, can serve as targets for early diagnostics and therapeutic intervention leading to prevention.
Evaluation of a novel ELISA test using synthetic mycolic acid antigens for serodiagnosis of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections
Authors: Bashford Julia , Flowers William , Haworth Charles , Ryan Judy , Cervi Anna , Dulayymi J R Al , Mason Paul S , Plank Ashley , Baird Mark , Floto Andres
Published: January 2023

The diagnosis of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is a particular challenge in people with cystic fibrosis. Current standard diagnostic approaches rely on serial sputum culture, which is resource demanding, dependent on patient expectoration and may be compromised by excessive decontamination, conventional bacterial overgrowth and masking by concomitant oral and nebulised antibiotics. An alternative rapid, reliable and inexpensive diagnostic method is therefore urgently needed. Serum of patients withMycobacterium abscessusinfection and chronic suppurative lung disease without NTM infection was tested against an array of novel synthetic mycolic acids, identical or similar to natural components of mycobacterial cell walls, and glycopeptidolipid (GPL)-core antigen, which has previously been investigated inMycobacterium aviumpulmonary infection. Diagnostic accuracy of individual antigens and combination of various antigens were calculated. An ELISA using individual trehalose dimycolates and GPL-core antigen was able to effectively distinguish serum from infected and non-infected individuals with a specificity of 88% and a sensitivity of up to 88%, which increased to 88% sensitivity and 93% specificity by combining several antigens in the test. These results suggest synthetic mycolic acid antigens, used individually or in combination with GPL-core antigen could be successfully used to distinguish patients withM. abscessusinfection from disease controls.
Optoelectronic and magnetic properties of transition metals-adsorbed GeC monolayer
Authors: Wang Shaoqiang , Yang Kunqi , Cui Zhen
Published: January 2023

The optoelectronic and magnetic behaviors of GeC monolayer after transition metals (TMs) adsorption have been systematically discussed using density functional theory. The calculated data illustrates that the optimal adsorption sites of Sc-, Ti-, V-, Cr-, Mn-, Fe-, and Co-GeC systems are all located at [Formula: see text] site, while the Ni- and Cu-GeC systems are situated in [Formula: see text] site. The band structures of Ti-, Fe-, and Ni-GeC systems still remain nonmagnetic semiconductors, while the Sc-, Cr-, and Cu-GeC systems exhibit magnetic semiconductor behaviors, and the band gaps are 0.11 eV (Sc), 0.30 eV (Cr), and 0.57 eV (Cu), respectively. In particular, V- and Mn-GeC systems exhibit half-metallic characteristics, and Co-GeC system exhibits magnetic metal characteristics. And the magnetic moments of Sc-, V-, Cr-, Mn-, Co-, and Cu-GeC structures have been obtained to be 0.08, 1.00, 2.00, 1.00, 0.04, and 1.00 [Formula: see text], respectively. Furthermore, the charge transfer was exhibited between the GeC and TM. Especially, the work function of GeC can decrease greatly after TM adsorption, among them, the work function of Sc-GeC is 37.9% lower than that of GeC. Consequently, it indicates the usefulness of the TM-GeC system for the fabrication of spintronic and nanoelectronic devices.
A Survey on an Analysis of Big Data Open Source Datasets, Techniques and Tools for the Prediction of Coronavirus Disease
Authors: Rayan R. Ame , Suruliandi A. , Raja S. P. , David H. Benjamin Fredrick
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), an infectious disease that spreads when people live in close proximity has greatly impacted healthcare systems worldwide. The pandemic has so disrupted human life economically and socially that the scientific community has been impelled to devise a solution that assists in the diagnosis, prevention and outbreak prediction of COVID-19. This has generated an enormous quantum of unstructured data that cannot be processed by traditional methods. To alleviate COVID-19 threat and to process these unstructured data, big data analytics can be used. The main objective of this paper is to present a multidimensional survey on open source datasets, techniques and tools in big data to fight COVID-19. To this end, state-of-the-art articles have been analyzed, qualitatively and quantitatively, to put together a body of work in the prediction of COVID-19. The findings of this review show that machine learning classification algorithms in big data analytics helps design a predictive model for COVID-19 using the open source datasets. This survey may serve as a starting point to enhance the research in COVID-19.
Removal of Redundant Information via Discrete Representation for Monocular Depth Estimation
Authors: Du Hao , Liu Xinzhi , Cheng Guoan , Matsune Ai , Xu Liangfeng , Zhan Shu
Published: January 2023

Monocular depth estimation aims at inferring three-dimensional (3D) cues from a single RGB image. Although existing methods have achieved a certain degree of success, the impact of redundant information has rarely been studied. We propose to improve estimation accuracy by implicitly eliminating redundant information. To this end, we creatively apply discrete representation to monocular depth estimation. By mapping continuous variables into the corresponding learning-based discrete latent space, a hierarchical multi-scale latent map is acquired as the decoder input. Removing redundant information can enhance prediction performance by making the depth estimator balance the local and global. Furthermore, to fully take advantage of the discrete representation, a lightweight fusion mechanism is introduced to aggregate information in multi-scale feature maps.Experiments on NYU Depth V2 dataset demonstrate that our network is competitive with the state of the arts.
ON NUMERICAL AND THEORETICAL FINDINGS FOR FRACTAL-FRACTIONAL ORDER GENERALIZED DYNAMICAL SYSTEM
Authors: QU HAIDONG , ARFAN MUHAMMAD , SHAH KAMAL , ULLAH AMAN , ABDELJAWAD THABET , ZHANG GENGZHONG
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we consider a general system of fractal-fractional order derivative in Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo sense. On the application of fixed point approach, we establish sufficient conditions regarding existence and uniqueness of solution. The said requirements are obtained via using Krasnoselkii’s and Banach fixed results. Further via nonlinear analysis, some interesting results for Hyers–Ulam (HU)-type stability are also derived. To compute numerical solution for the proposed nonlinear system, fractal-fractional order Adams–Bashforth method is used. To support our findings, we give some test problems. Also by Matlab, we also present their graphical interpretation. The analysis of this paper is in generalized format which can be applied to any real problem. Each equation is investigated separately for the said characteristics.
EXTENSION OF HAAR WAVELET TECHNIQUES FOR MITTAG-LEFFLER TYPE FRACTIONAL FREDHOLM INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: REUNSUMRIT JIRAPORN , SHAH KAMAL , KHAN AZIZ , AMIN ROHUL , AHMAD ISRAR , SITTHIWIRATTHAM THANIN
Published: January 2023

Fractional order integro-differential equation (FOIDE) of Fredholm type is considered in this paper. The mentioned equations have many applications in mathematical modeling of real world phenomenon like image and signal processing. Keeping the aforementioned importance, we study the considered problem from two different aspects which include the existence theory and computation of numerical approximate solution. FOIDEs have been investigated very well by using Caputo-type derivative for the existence theory and numerical solutions. But the mentioned problems have very rarely considered under the Mittage-Leffler-type derivative. Also, for FOIDE of Fredholm type under Mittage-Leffler-type derivative has not yet treated by using Haar wavelet (HW) method. The aforementioned derivative is non-singular and nonlocal in nature as compared to classical Caputo derivative of fractional order. In many cases, the nonsingular nature is helpful in numerical computation. Therefore, we develop the existence theory for the considered problem by using fixed point theory. Sufficient conditions are established which demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of solution to the proposed problem. Further on utilizing HW method, a numerical scheme is developed to compute the approximate solution. Various numerical examples are given to demonstrate the applicability of our results. Also, comparison between exact and numerical solution for various fractional orders in the considered examples is given. Numerical results are displayed graphically.
HÖLDER CONTINUITY AND BOX DIMENSION FOR THE MIXED RIEMANN–LIOUVILLE FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL
Authors: TIAN LONG
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we investigate the Hölder continuity and the estimate of the Box dimension of [Formula: see text], which is called the mixed Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of the continuous function [Formula: see text]. We focus on the case that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]th-order Hölder continuous, where [Formula: see text]. By using the approximated integral, we obtain that, [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]th-order Hölder continuous, and the Box dimension of the graph of [Formula: see text] is less than or equal to [Formula: see text], provided that [Formula: see text]. Here [Formula: see text]. By using Stein’s Lemma, we prove that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]th-order Hölder continuous, provided that [Formula: see text], and the Box dimension of the graph of [Formula: see text] is less than or equal to [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we also illustrate that the latter conclusion is sharp.
The λ4-Connectivity of the Cartesian Product of Trees
Authors: Li Hengzhe , Wang Jiajia , Hao Rong-Xia
Published: January 2023

Given a connected graph [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], an [Formula: see text]-tree is a such subgraph [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] that is a tree with [Formula: see text]. Two [Formula: see text]-trees [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are edge-disjoint if [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be the maximum size of a set of edge-disjoint [Formula: see text]-trees in [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-connectivity of [Formula: see text] is defined as [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we first show some structural properties of edge-disjoint [Formula: see text]-trees by Fan Lemma and König-ore Formula. Then, the [Formula: see text]-connectivity of the Cartesian product of trees is determined. That is, let [Formula: see text] be trees, then [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] for each [Formula: see text], otherwise [Formula: see text]. As corollaries, [Formula: see text]-connectivity for some graph classes such as hypercubes and meshes can be obtained directly.
Decisions Related to COVID-19 Epidemic, Pandemic, and Endemic Phases
Authors: Tien James M.
Published: January 2023

The focus of this paper is on COVID-19, the December 2019 dated respiratory epidemic or infection that has ravaged most, if not all, of the world’s 253 “countries” (consisting of 194 independent nation-states, 55 dependent-states, Antarctica, and 3 other territories). Readers of this paper should be aware of at least three facts. First, as of January 2022, the submission date of this paper, COVID-19 continues to impact the world, although to a much lesser extent, given the protection afforded by the mRNA vaccines, the boosters, and the antiviral medications (e.g., oseltamivir, penciclovir, acyclovir, Paxlovid, etc.). Second, the paper should be regarded as being inconclusive in both its outlook and its list of references; it provides, at best, an intermediary account of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic. Third, like the Spanish Flu of 1918, it is speculated that the COVID-19 pandemic will not endure beyond three years and will conclude as an endemic problem by, hopefully, early 2023. Therefore, the paper is partitioned into three sections which, respectively, address the infection’s three phases: epidemic (initial infection), pandemic (worldwide infection) and endemic (pervasive but nonlife-threatening infection) phases. The lessons learned from the range of decisions made throughout the COVID-19 phases should help to inform and better prepare the world for future pathogens and deadly diseases.
PSSO: Political Squirrel Search Optimizer-Driven Deep Learning for Severity Level Detection and Classification of Lung Cancer
Authors: Choudhury Avishek , Balasubramaniam S , Kumar Ambala Pradeep , Kumar Sanjay Nakharu Prasad
Published: January 2023

Lung cancer accounts for about 7.6 million deaths annually worldwide. Early identification of lung cancer is essential for reducing preventable deaths. In this paper, we developed a Political Squirrel Search Optimization (PSSO)-based deep learning scheme for efficacious lung cancer recognition and classification. We used Spine General Adversarial Network (Spine GAN) to segment lung lobe regions where a Deep Neuro Fuzzy Network (DNFN) classifier forecasts cancerous areas. A Deep Residual Network (DRN) is also used to determine the various cancer severity levels. The Political Optimizer (PO) and Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA) were combined to create the newly announced PSSO method. Experimental outcomes are assessed using the dataset of images from the Lung Image Database Consortium.
Multiple Risks and Uncertain Portfolio Management
Authors: Jiang Guowei , Huang Xiaoxia , Yang Tingting
Published: January 2023

This paper studies comparative static effects under uncertainty when investors face a portfolio decision problem with both an endogenous risk and a background risk. Since the security market is complex, there exists situation where security return and background asset return are given by experts’ estimates when they cannot be reflected by historical data. Focusing on such a situation, an uncertain mean-chance model with background risk for optimal portfolio selection is developed, in which the use of chance of portfolio return failing to reach the threshold can help investors easily determine their tolerance toward risk and thus facilitate a decision making. Then we analyze the solution of the programming problem under different threshold return level, i.e., how different degrees of threshold return will affect allocation between risky asset and risk-free asset. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of changes in mean and standard deviation of risky asset and background asset on investment decisions when security return and background asset return follow normal uncertainty distributions. Finally, a real portfolio selection example is given as illustration.
Blockchain-based Medical Data Preservation via Improved Association Rule Hiding with Optimal Key Generation
Authors: Indhumathi R. , Devi S. Sathiya
Published: January 2023

Remote health data monitoring to achieve intelligent healthcare has recently drawn a lot of interest due to the Internet of Things’ (IoT) substantially increased implementation. However, due to the constrained processing and storage capabilities of IoT devices, users’ health data are typically stored in a centralized third party, such as a hospital database or cloud, and this causes users to lose control of their health data, which is easily the cause of privacy leakage and a single-point bottleneck. A medical data transmission and preservation strategy is proposed which is based on the hospital’s private block chain in order to enhance the electronic health system. The three major phases of the privacy-preserving medical data strategy initiated in this study are “data sanitization, optimal key generation, and data restoration”. Prior to being added to the block–blocks chains, the medical record is cleaned up. The sanitization phase will employ the improved association rule concealment technique. The cleaned content is recovered at the receiver’s end. More significantly, both methods heavily rely on optimal key creation, with the ideal key being selected using a new hybrid optimization model called Dragonfly-Updated Elephant Herding Optimization (DUEHO). Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) and the traditional Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) are conceptually combined in the proposed DUEHO. At the end, proposed model’s performance is compared over existing techniques concerning various metrics. The convergence rate of the suggested model is 1.05%, 0.31%, 0.32%, 0.4%, 0.43%, 0.45% better than the existing models like FF, MFO, GWO, WOA, DA and EHO, respectively.
A Multi-Dimensional Lagrange Multiplier Method to Identify the Load Distribution on 3D Special-Shaped Surface in the Strength Analysis of Aircraft Structure
Authors: Li Tong , Mao Zebei , Cai Yongming , Wang Bo , Chen Liang
Published: January 2023

In the process of aircraft structural design, the aerodynamic load and inertial load need to be distributed from single loading points to distributed finite element (FE) nodes before strength analysis. The most commonly used loading distribution method is a Multi-Point Arrangement (MPA) method, which introduces a one-dimensional Lagrange multiplier based on the principle of minimum deformation energy, and simplifies the special-shaped 3D surface in aircraft structure to a plane. However, the actual aircraft structure contains a large number of special-shaped surfaces, and the MPA method cannot accurately distribute the loads on these complex special-shaped surfaces, affecting the accuracy of strength analysis. This paper developed a new 3D load distribution method based on multi-dimensional Lagrange multipliers (MDLM), which can simultaneously achieve an efficient and accurate distribution of surface aerodynamic loads and inertial loads in all directions. Typical numerical cases showed that when an aircraft structure model is a plane, this MDLM method converges to the traditional MPA method. For 3D special-shaped surfaces, the average error of this MDLM method is 0.77–2.28%, which is significantly smaller than the average error of the traditional MPA method (3.30–7.40%).
Upper and lower bounds on delta-crossing number and tabulation of knots up to four delta-crossings
Authors: Jabłonowski Michał
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we will strengthen the known upper and lower bounds on the delta-crossing number of knots in terms of the triple-crossing number. The latter bound turns out to be strong enough to obtain unknown values of triple-crossing numbers for a few knots. We also prove that we can always find at least one tangle from a particular set of four tangles, in any triple-crossing projections of any non-trivial knot or non-split link. In the last section, we enumerate and generate tables of minimal delta-diagrams for all prime knots up to the delta-crossing number equal to four. We also give a concise survey about known inequalities between integer-valued classical knot invariants.
Developing FFS software for fitness-for-service assessment of equipment with hydrogen blistering damage based on API 579-1/ASME FFS-1
Authors: Karimihaghighi Razieh , Javadpour Sirus
Published: January 2023

Corrosion and metal degradation are inevitable phenomena in various industries, and using Standards that provide detailed assessment to evaluate the structural integrity of an in-service damaged component is absolutely essential. Among all existing Standards, API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 is a well-known assessment standard recognized as Fitness-For-Service (FFS) assessment and is employed in various industries to assess the structural integrity of in-service pressure vessels and storage tanks that may contain a flaw or damage. In this study, software for the FFS evaluation was developed according to Part 7 of the third edition of the AP1579-1/ASME FFS-1 and was written using C# programming language. This software is developed for low-strength ferritic steel pressurized components with hydrogen blistering (HB) damage, in order to facilitate decision making on run-repair-replace of an in-service damaged component.
Wave propagation on a nonlocal porous medium with memory-dependent derivative and gravity
Authors: Said Samia M. , Abd-Elaziz Elsayed M. , Othman Mohamed I. A.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, a novel model in a nonlocal porous thermoelastic solid is formulated based on the dual-phase-lag model (DPL), the Lord–Shulman theory and coupled theory with a memory-dependent derivative. The Laplace–Fourier technique is used to solve the problem and to obtain the exact expressions of physical fields. Numerical calculation of temperature, displacement, change in the volume fraction and stress is carried out and displayed graphically. Comparisons are made with the results predicted in the absence and presence of the gravity field as well as a nonlocal parameter. Comparisons are also made with results for different memory Kernel.
Simulating the Impact of Dynamic Rerouting on Metropolitan-scale Traffic Systems
Authors: Chan Cy , Kuncheria Anu , Macfarlane Jane
Published: January 2023

The rapid introduction of mobile navigation aides that use real-time road network information to suggest alternate routes to drivers is making it more difficult for researchers and government transportation agencies to understand and predict the dynamics of congested transportation systems. Computer simulation is a key capability for these organizations to analyze hypothetical scenarios; however, the complexity of transportation systems makes it challenging for them to simulate very large geographical regions, such as multi-city metropolitan areas. In this article, we describe enhancements to the Mobiliti parallel traffic simulator to model dynamic rerouting behavior with the addition of vehicle controller actors and vehicle-to-controller reroute requests. The simulator is designed to support distributed-memory parallel execution using discrete event simulation and be scalable on high-performance computing platforms. We demonstrate the potential of the simulator by analyzing the impact of varying the population penetration rate of dynamic rerouting on the San Francisco Bay Area road network. Using high-performance parallel computing, we can simulate a day in the San Francisco Bay Area with 19 million vehicle trips with 50 percent dynamic rerouting penetration over a road network with 0.5 million nodes and 1 million links in less than three minutes. We present a sensitivity study on the dynamic rerouting parameters, discuss the simulator’s parallel scalability, and analyze system-level impacts of changing the dynamic rerouting penetration. Furthermore, we examine the varying effects on different functional classes and geographical regions and present a validation of the simulation results compared to real-world data.
Free Energy Methods for the Description of Molecular Processes
Authors: Chipot Christophe
Published: January 2023

Efforts to combine theory and experiment to advance our knowledge of molecular processes relevant to biophysics have been considerably enhanced by the contribution of statistical-mechanics simulations. Key to the understanding of such molecular processes is the underlying free-energy change. Being able to accurately predict this change from first principles represents an appealing prospect. Over the past decades, the synergy between steadily growing computational resources and unrelenting methodological developments has brought free-energy calculations into the arsenal of tools commonly utilized to tackle important questions that experiment alone has left unresolved. The continued emergence of new options to determine free energies has also bred confusion amid the community of users, who may find it difficult to choose the best-suited algorithm to address the problem at hand. In an attempt to clarify the current landscape, this review recounts how the field has been shaped and how the broad gamut of methods available today is rooted in a few foundational principles laid down many years ago.Three examples of molecular processes central to biophysics illustrate where free-energy calculations stand and what are the conceptual and practical obstacles that we must overcome to increase their predictive power.
Bioinformatic Approaches for Characterizing Molecular Structure and Function of Food Proteins
Authors: Helmick Harrison , Jain Anika , Terashi Genki , Liceaga Andrea , Bhunia Arun K. , Kihara Daisuke , Kokini Jozef L.
Published: January 2023

Structural bioinformatics analyzes protein structural models with the goal of uncovering molecular drivers of food functionality. This field aims to develop tools that can rapidly extract relevant information from protein databases as well as organize this information for researchers interested in studying protein functionality. Food bioinformaticians take advantage of millions of protein amino acid sequences and structures contained within these databases, extracting features such as surface hydrophobicity that are then used to model functionality, including solubility, thermostability, and emulsification. This work is aided by a protein structure–function relationship framework, in which bioinformatic properties are linked to physicochemical experimentation. Strong bioinformatic correlations exist for protein secondary structure, electrostatic potential, and surface hydrophobicity. Modeling changes in protein structures through molecular mechanics is an increasingly accessible field that will continue to propel food science research.
Requirements, Deployments, and Challenges of LoRa Technology: A Survey
Authors: Ayoub Kamal Muhammad , Alam Muhammad Mansoor , Sajak Aznida Abu Bakar , Mohd Su’ud Mazliham
Published: January 2023

LoRa is an ISM‐band based LPWAN communication protocol. Despite their wide network penetration of approximately 20 kilometers or higher using lower than 14 decibels transmitting power, it has been extensively documented and used in academia and industry. Although LoRa connectivity defines a public platform and enables users to create independent low‐power wireless connections while relying on external architecture, it has gained considerable interest from scholars and the market. The two fundamental components of this platform are LoRaWAN and LoRa PHY. The consumer LoRaWAN component of the technology describes the network model, connectivity procedures, ability to operate the frequency range, and the types of interlinked gadgets. In contrast, the LoRa PHY component is patentable and provides information on the modulation strategy which is being utilized and its attributes. There are now several LoRa platforms available. To create usable LoRa systems, there are presently several technical difficulties to be overcome, such as connection management, allocation of resources, consistent communications, and security. This study presents a thorough overview of LoRa networking, covering the technological difficulties in setting up LoRa infrastructures and current solutions. Several outstanding challenges of LoRa communication are presented depending on our thorough research of the available solutions. The research report aims to stimulate additional research toward enhancing the LoRa Network capacity and allowing more realistic installations.
Acquired Lymphangiectasia of the Scrotum Successfully Treated with Radiofrequency Ablation: A Case Report with Dermoscopic Review
Authors: Khadka Dhan Keshar , Pathak Raksha , Agrawal Sudha , Pokharel Sairil
Published: January 2023

Lymphangiectasia is dilatation of normal superficial lymphatic vessels due to damage or obstruction of deep lymphatic vessels leading to increased lymphatic pressure and engorgement of dermal lymphatics due to varying causes. Lymphangiectasia clinically presents as thick-walled, translucent vesicles and papules with chronic lymphedema rarely involving the scrotum. Here we report a patient with acquired lymphangiectasia of the scrotum secondary to surgery for hydrocele successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation. We highlight the use of dermoscopy as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in lymphangiectasia.
lncRNA DLX6-AS1 Promotes Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Mediating the miR-204-5p/FBXW7 Axis
Authors: Wang Fanshun , Wu Yuan
Published: January 2023

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the restoration of blood flow post ischemia, which threatens the human life. Long noncoding RNA distal-less homeobox 6 antisense 1 (DLX6-AS1) has been found to take part in the IR-induced cerebral injury. Here, we determined the functional role of DLX6-AS1 in IR-induced myocardial injury. We ligated the left anterior descending coronary artery of rats to induce IR injury. IR injury rats exhibited severe tissue damage and increase of infraction size. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), proinflammatory factors including MCP-1, IL-6, and IL-1β, and cell apoptosis were also enhanced in IR rats, indicating that IR induced significant myocardial injury in rats. DLX6-AS1 expression was elevated in the myocardial tissues of IR injury rats, while DLX6-AS1 deficiency alleviated IR-induced myocardial injury in rats by reducing inflammatory response and cell apoptosis. Moreover, rat embryonic cardiomyocyte cell line H9c2 was subjected to hypoxia reoxygenation (HR). DLX6-AS1 was upregulated in the HR-treated H9c2 cells, and DLX6-AS1 enhanced the expression of F-box and WD40 repeat domain-containing 7 (FBXW7) by sponging miR-204-5p. Inhibition of DLX6-AS1 inhibited inflammatory response and cell apoptosis in H9c2 cells via miR-204-5p/FBXW7 axis. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that DLX6-AS1 accelerates myocardial IR injury through regulating miR-204-5p/FBXW7 axis. Thus, this work provides a novel ceRNA DLX6-AS1/miR-204-5p/FBXW7 axis in myocardial IR injury, and DLX6-AS1 may be a potential target for the treatment of myocardial IR injury.
Frequency Shifts in a Local Oscillator Model for the Generation of Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions by the Lizard Ear
Authors: Wit Hero P. , Bell Andrew
Published: January 2023

Introduction: In order to understand human hearing, it helps to understand how the ears of lower vertebrates, like, for instance, lizards, function. A key feature in common is that the ears of both humans and lizards emit faint, pure tones known as spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs). More than four decades after their discovery, the mechanism underlying these emissions is still imperfectly understood, although it is known that they are important for improving the sensitivity and sharpness of hearing. In both humans and lizards, the frequencies of SOAEs change by a few percent when static pressure is applied to the tympanic membrane. For the human ear, this observation is normally explained by a so-called global oscillator model (such as with Shera’s coherent reflection model), in which the emissions result from standing waves, and external pressure changes the boundary conditions – the stiffness of the oval and round windows – which then has a global effect on the SOAE frequencies. Methods: Here we investigate how changing parameters of an earlier developed local oscillator model for the lizard ear can change the frequencies of the SOAEs. A major feature of the model is that each oscillator is coupled only to its immediate neighbours. The oscillators then cluster into groups of identical frequency, and each of these so-called frequency plateaus can be taken to represent an SOAE. Results: Even though the natural (unperturbed) frequencies of all the oscillators remain fixed, here we find for several model parameters that by slightly changing their value the frequency plateaus – the SOAEs – shift by a few percent. Plots of how these changes alter SOAE frequencies are given, and their magnitude corresponds well with observations of SOAE changes in lizards. Discussion: Investigation of the influence of the change of parameters in an earlier developed local oscillator model for the lizard ear shows that a local oscillator model can explain small SOAE frequency changes as well as a global oscillator model.
O Museu Paulista, Hermann von Ihering (1850-1930) e os ameríndios
Authors: Petschelies Erik
Published: January 2023

O artigo tem por objetivo investigar a importância da antropologia e da etnografia no Museu Paulista durante a gestão de Hermann von Ihering (1850 – 1930), entre 1894 e 1916. A partir do levantamento da história das aquisições de coleções etnográficas e antropológicas, da análise dos escritos de Ihering no âmbito das ciências do homem e do exame de fontes primárias salvaguardadas em arquivos da Alemanha e do Brasil, argumenta-se que é possível compreender o posicionamento político-científico de Ihering para com os povos indígenas do Brasil. Espera-se assim contribuir para o conhecimento de uma faceta pouco explorada da história do Museu Paulista, e, de forma mais abrangente, para a historiografia da antropologia e da ciência no país.
Entrevista sobre lógica e gênero com Gabrielle Weber, Vitor Ian Miranda e Erick Gregner
Authors: Costa Caio Jade Puosso Cardoso Gouveia , Lugarinho Mário César
Published: January 2023

Como desdobramento de um estudo sobre autobiografias trans e filosofias da lógica, realizamos três entrevistas com pesquisadores que questionam os modelos binários que regem as matrizes culturais hegemônicas. Dessa maneira, foram apresentadas outras perspectivas lógicas para os estudos de gênero, a partir de reflexões sobre linguagens lógicas, matemáticas e semióticas não conformadas à normatividade.
Discursos da Negritude: Reflexões acerca da literatura afro-brasileira
Authors: Mariano José Victor Nunes
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo reflete acerca da literatura afro-brasileira a partir da subjetividade de sujeitos marcados pelo estigma da diferença racial. Problematizando o conceito de literatura afro-brasileira trazido pelo professor Eduardo de Assis Duarte, sugiro o desenvolvimento de quatro eixos discursivos para balizar um adequado processo analítico/interpretativo das produções de autores negros/mestiços. São eles: a Política de Identidade; o Negro-Feminino; a Negra Dor do Mestiço; e o Branqui-Negritude.
Poesia, experiência e memória: Apontamentos sobre a ficcionalização do “eu lírico” na obra de Ana Paula Tavares
Authors: Santos Fernanda Sampaio Gomes dos
Published: January 2023

Ao longo da história da literatura, a função textual do sujeito lírico assumiu muitascondições diferentes, sendo frequentemente confundido com a figura do autor. No entanto, asteorias críticas modernas reconfiguraram o espaço central que era atribuído para o sujeito nalírica contemporânea, o que endossou as discussões transversais entre ficção e poesia,conforme avaliou o pesquisador Dominique Combe em suas reflexões acerca deste gêneroliterário. À luz dessa discussão teórica-crítica, este artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca daprodução poética da escritora angolana Ana Paula Tavares.
O que é racismo superestrutural?
Authors: Nery Jônatas Corrêa
Published: January 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo resgatar a compreensão sobre a natureza superestrutural do racismo como elemento que compõe a totalidade social e, portanto, legitimador da estrutura violenta da exploração capitalista, tanto em sua fase de acumulação primitiva quanto na de consolidação. Para tal, a incursão apresenta uma compreensão acerca das classes sociais e o seu conteúdo teórico-sócio-histórico, bem como uma apresentação teórico-histórica da fundação da raça como elemento classifi cador e diferenciador humano. Esse resgate torna possível identifi car o que seria, para Marx, a base ontológica do conhecimento da sociedade e a sua relação com a superestrutura, numa relação dialética de totalidade, identifi cando o racismo como superestrutural.
A pandemia na casa e na rua: uma análise sobre as relações pessoais e o impacto do óbito de idosos na família
Authors: Sierra Vânia Morales , Coscarelli Pedro Guimarães , Silva Maria Luiza Ferreira da , Annunciação Anna Carolina Almeida Vieira da , Denozor Sofia de Andrade
Published: January 2023

Durante a pandemia de Covid-19, a preocupação com a transmissibilidade do vírus esteve concentrada sobre os espaços públicos e de serviços, dispensando-se pouca atenção à infecção transmitida a partir dos relacionamentos entre pessoas próximas ou mesmo dentro de casa. Questões relacionadas à ordem, às formas de propagação do vírus e ao comportamento social nos espaços públicos adquiriram relevo, fazendo com que a casa fosse identifi cada como lugar de refúgio contra o coronavírus. Neste artigo, procuramos apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com familiares de 240 pacientes internados no Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto (HUPE), no período entre outubro de 2020 e maio de 2021. O texto desenvolve a perspectiva de DaMatta (1997) para analisar as relações pessoais na pandemia, considerando a articulação entre o código da casa e o código da rua. A suposição é a de que a intervenção do Estado se baseou em normas gerais, deixando na penumbra a relevância da transmissão nos relacionamentos pessoais. A base de dados para análise são os resultados do inquérito epidemiológico realizado com familiares de pacientes internados no HUPE, que indicam a importância dos relacionamentos entre parentes e amigos, sobretudo com idosos, na transmissibilidade da Covid-19 e na elevação dos casos de óbito nesse grupo.
Desenrolando os fios da repressão estatal: Sentidos e efeitos do “fim da cracolândia”
Authors: Magaldi Tiago , Mallak Fernanda Kagan
Published: January 2023

O artigo analisa os sentidos e os efeitos da situação defi nida pela ação repressiva organizada pelas gestões Dória e Alckmin, com o intuito de “pôr um fi m na Cracolândia”. Partindo da teoria da ação, bem como dos estudos urbanos, analisamos as categorias “combate ao tráfi co”, “revitalização da região” e “assistência de saúde”. Separamos analiticamente os feixes de ações relativos a cada uma das categorias encontradas no discurso e na prática dos agentes, destrinchando o seu sentido. Concluímos que, apesar de não se tratar apenas de uma ação economicamente orientada, visando produzir valores imobiliários, esse objetivo hegemoniza e conduz o complexo de ações posto em marcha pelos agentes estatais.
Ficção, emoção e realidade: formulações sobre o horror artístico em Drácula e A Bruxa de Blair
Authors: Amaral Leonardo Brandão de Oliveira , Martins Edson Soares , Patrício Pétrus David Sousa
Published: January 2023

Este artigo propõe uma releitura crítica do conceito de horror artístico (CARROLL, 1999) e uma relativização do alinhamento entre a experiência do gênero horror e a ficcionalidade inerente à produção estética da obra. Pretende-se, nessa direção, uma reformulação da relação estabelecida entre ficção e realidade, no intuito de se compreender a experiência emotiva que é central para o  entendimento do horror como gênero. São tomadas, para esse fim, duas obras paradigmáticas do gênero, Drácula e A Bruxa de Blair, por meio das quais é estabelecer uma relação problemática entre ficção e realidade.
Olímpia e Faustine: a personagem feminina artificial em E. T. A. Hoffmann e Adolfo Bioy Casares
Authors: Silva Lucas Henrique
Published: January 2023

Analisamos a personagem Faustine, de A invenção de Morel (1940), novela de Adolfo Bioy Casares, tendo em vista a retomada do modelo hoffmaniano por meio da referência à Olímpia, a personagem artificial do conto fantástico tradicional O Homem da areia (1816), de . A partir da leitura sobre a personagem artificial, em Ruth Brandão, Eliane Moraes e Agamben, constatou-se de que maneira a criação de Bioy Casares atualiza o modelo hoffmaniano. Ao imaginar uma nova Olímpia, Bioy Casares reforça os elementos de ficção científica dessa importante personagem de Hoffmann, o que possibilita uma análise comparativa entre a novela latino-americana e a alemã.
Um paraíso perdido ao sul: traços de ambientação gótica e interdito familiar em Georgina (1873), de Apelles Porto Alegre
Authors: Silveira Louise Farias da , Tavares Enéias
Published: January 2023

Este artigo objetiva analisar traços de ambientação gótica e interditos familiares em Georgina, um romance seriado publicado na Revista Mensal da Sociedade Partenon Literário, entre 1873 e 1874, por Apelles Porto Alegre. Nossa hipótese é de que a narrativa aborda a perda da inocência da protagonista Georgina como uma queda do paraíso. Através da representação de paisagens naturais, Porto Alegre cria laços significativos entre os personagens e o espaço ficcional, enfocando como eles afetam e interagem entre si. A natureza – e também sua ruína – espelha a alma de Georgina e seus dramas concernentes à família, à inocência e à sexualidade, temas de interesse para ambas as tradições, gótica e romântica.
É preciso naturalizar o arrepio: uma entrevista com Marcelo Miranda sobre o cinema brasileiro de horror
Authors: Nestarez Oscar
Published: January 2023

Entrevista com Marcelo Miranda, jornalista,crítico e pesquisador de cinema, com mestrado em Comunicação Social pela UFMG.