bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Property Improvement of Recycled Nylon 6 by Thermoplastic Poly(Ether-Ester) Elastomer and Wollastonite
Authors: Janchai Khunanya , Boonmahitthisud Anyaporn , Chaiwutthinan Phasawat , Chuayjuljit Saowaroj , Hongrattanavichit Intatch
Published: February 2022

Recycled nylon 6/thermoplastic poly (ether-ester) elastomer (Hytrel) (R-N6/H) composites filled with various contents of wollastonite (WT) (10, 20 and 30 phr) were prepared using the twin-screw extrusion and injection molding process. In this study, the blend and composite materials were characterized in terms of mechanical and morphological properties. The results showed that the impact strength of the R-N6/H blend was improved with the addition of Hytrel, whereas the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the R-N6/H blend were decreased. Then, the R-N6/H blend was filled with WT to prepare composites. Interestingly, the incorporation of WT in the R-N6/H blend overcame the inferior properties of recycle blend materials by the mechanical properties enhancing. Despite the good mechanical properties of WT composite materials, they were still affected the elastic properties due to the stiffness characteristic of WT.
Blended Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Slag with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as a Pozzolanic Material
Authors: Sandybay Saken , Shon Chang Seon , Tukaziban Aizhan , Syzdykov Daniyar , Orynbassarov Islam , Zhang Dichuan , Kim Jong Ryeol
Published: February 2022

As one of the by-products in the steel industry, granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) is widely used as an aggregate or a pozzolanic material (a partial replacement for Portland cement) in the concrete mixture after the crushing or grinding process. However, using a basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) as a cementitious material is limited because of its inherent shortcomings such as low cementing property and undesirable expansion characteristics due to free lime. To overcome BOFS’s these properties, the BOFS was ground, blended with the ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), and used as a pozzolanic material in this research. A total of five mortar mixtures were developed, including ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a control group, two binary mixtures, and two ternary blended mixtures with 50% cement replacements by GGBFS and BOFS by weight percentages. Properties of these mixtures were evaluated according to ASTM C 989 and C 311 standard specifications that include compressive strength, alkali-silica reaction (ASR), and sulfate resistance tests. Moreover, basic material characterization of GGBFS and BOFSs was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical composition analysis (XRF), and particle size distribution (PSD). The test result shows that the blended mixture with 15% BOFS and 35% GGBFS satisfied the strength activity index and good ASR and sulfate resistance.
First Principle Calculation and Thermodynamic Analysis of Coexisting Phase of Cu-Cr-Sn Copper Alloy
Authors: Tang Jin Jun , Liang Cui , Xu Chen Guang
Published: February 2022

Based on the idea of material genetic engineering, according to the innovative design of the whole material chain and taking high-strength and high conductivity copper alloy as the research object and carrier, this paper carries out high-throughput integrated calculation and design methods such as alloy characteristic microstructure, interface chemistry, thermodynamics and kinetics, establishes the prediction model of material composition structure process performance relationship, and realizes the high-throughput preparation and characterization technology of materials, Form a low-cost and rapid development capability oriented by application objectives. In this paper, the mixed matrix and characteristic microstructure sequence are optimized by high-throughput calculation, the thermodynamic and kinetic conditions of material preparation and synthesis are analyzed, and the phase diagram and solidification technology are calculated by CALPHAD to optimize the content, morphology and distribution of characteristic microstructure in the alloy. By designing polycrystalline and peritectic platforms, the microstructure type, morphology and content of characteristic microstructure can be controlled. At the same time, the type, content and distribution of the second phase are regulated by multi-element alloy equilibrium calculation phase diagram and non-equilibrium solidification path calculation, so as to realize the integrated calculation of materials and the selection of composition and process sequence range.
Supercapacitive Performance of Electrochemically Synthesized Samarium Cobalt Oxide Nanosheets and Nanoflowers
Authors: Buizon Lance Patrick M. , Marquez Menandro C.
Published: February 2022

High energy and power density, good life cycle are highly sought in fabricating supercapacitors. In this study, Co3O4 was successfully deposited on nickel foam via electrochemical route. The nucleation of cobalt hydroxide and its transformation to oxide were monitored using chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry. Changes in current density and detected redox peaks suggest the electrochemical activity of Co3O4 in an alkaline media. A specific capacitance 1291 F/g at current density of 2.5 mA/cm was achieved showing the supercapacitive property of the synthesized Co3O4. EDX results confirms the incorporation of samarium to cobalt oxide. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the evolution of nanosheets to nanoflowers as the electrochemical synthesis parameters were varied. The effect of morphology on the electrochemical activity and performance of Co3O4 with Samarium could pave way in developing high energy and power density electrode for supercapacitors.
Effect of Local Coarse Aggregates on the Compressive Strength of High Strength Concrete
Authors: Almuzaini Abdullah Sulaiman , Alawad Omar M.
Published: February 2022

This study investigates the effect of different types of local coarse aggregate, available in Saudi Arabia, on the strength of high-strength concrete. The utilized coarse aggregates are basalt and two different aggregates of limestone, denoted as limestone 1 and limestone 2. The results of 7 and 28 days compressive strength with different percentages of Micro Silica (MS) (i.e. range from 0 to 10%) show that the compressive strength of high strength concrete (HSC) is influenced by the type of coarse aggregate. Limestone 2 reaches the highest compressive strength followed by the types limestone 1 and then basalt. Properties of coarse aggregate influence the compressive strength of HSC, such as impact value (AIV), and texture. Also, the impact value variation between saturated surface dry (SSD) and dry conditions of the coarse aggregate affect significantly the compressive strength of HSC.
Influence of Eggshell Powder as Cementitious Blends in Cement Mortar
Authors: Nandhini K. , Karthikeyan J.
Published: February 2022

Solid waste management is one of the challenging issues faced by the developing countries. The developing countries find it very critical to manage the disposal of waste generation. India ranks 3rd in the production of egg, generating about 3.8 billion kilograms annually. This growth in the production of larger rate is mainly due to the hike in domestic consumption. This could lead to larger generation of solid waste. To overcome these issues, eggshell could be effective incorporated into concrete production as cementitious blends. This paper investigates the suitability of eggshell powder as partial substitute to cement. The material characterization techniques such as SEM were used to investigate the feasibility of using eggshell powder. The study was conducted by producing cement mortars in the ratio of 1:3 parts of cement. Then the cement was partially replaced by eggshell powder at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% by its weight. The fresh property was assessed using the flow table test, while the hardened property was determined using the compressive strength of the cement mortar at 7, and 28 days. From the test results, 10% eggshell powder when utilized in mortar gives optimum compressive strength.
Enhance Growth Temperature ZnO Nr Photoanode DSSC for Performance of Photo-Supercapacitor via Hydrothermal
Authors: Ittikhad Ahmad Al , Diantoro Markus , Rusydi Andrivo
Published: February 2022

Photo-supercapacitor (PSC) is integrated harvesting energy, that a combination of DSSC with a symmetric supercapacitor. A crucial part of the conversion of photon energy by DSSC is a photoanode. The DSSC photoanode used ZnO NR, because it is known as one of the optical semiconductor materials, which has bandgap of 3.37 eV. Due to good cycle stability and high conductivity, the supercapacitor electrode uses activated carbon-carbon black (AC-CB) materials. This study observed the enhance of temperature growth on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of ZnO NR photoanode to improve the photo-supercapacitor's performance. The hydrothermal method has been chosen to grow ZnO NR photoanode at growth temperature of 100, 150, and 200 °C for 4 hours. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of ZnO NR were analyzed by XRD, SEM-EDX, and UV Vis, respectively. The electrical performance of photo-supercapacitor were analyzed by IV data. XRD pattern has identified an increase peak in the hkl (002) of c-axis orientation and SEM data has identified that ZnO NR grows perpendicular to the substrate according to the preferred orientation. The optical properties has identified a shift to a small bandgap (redshift). For the electrical performance, photo-supercapacitor has increased in maximum current (Imax) as the growth temperature increases, and the maximum current is obtained by a growth temperature of 200 °C, which is 14.45 μA.
Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) and Poly(Butylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate) Blends with Organoclay
Authors: Wacharawichanant Sirirat , Wongpan Krittaphorn , Aksornnam Khunpat , Phankokkruad Manop
Published: February 2022

This work studied the effect of nanoclay surface modified with 25-30 wt% of methyl dihydroxyethyl hydrogenated tallow ammonium (Clay-DHA) on morphological, mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends. The PLA/PBAT (75/25 w/w) blends without and with Clay-DHA were melt mixed by an internal mixer and molded by compression method. The morphological analysis observed the phase separation of PLA/PBAT blends due to minor PBAT phase dispersed as spherical shape in PLA phase, indicating a poor interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBAT phases. The incorporation of Clay-DHA could improve the compatibility of polymer blends. The tensile testing found that the addition of Clay-DHA 1 and 3 phr increased Young’s modulus of PLA/PBAT blends. The addition of Clay-DHA decreased the strain at break of PLA/PBAT blends. The thermal degradation of PLA/PBAT blends and composites showed the similar thermal degradation process step. The addition of Clay-DHA was no effect on thermal stability and thermal properties of PLA/PBAT blends.
Impaired nasal breathing may prevent the beneficial effect of weight loss in the treatment of OSA
Authors: Blomster Henry , Kemppainen Tatu , Numminen Jura , Ruoppi Pirkko , Sahlman Johanna , Peltonen Markku , Seppa Juha , Tuomilehto Henri
Published: February 2022

Background: Weight loss is considered an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in overweight patients. Some patients, however, do not benefit from weight loss. It has been postulated that nasal obstruction may act as an independent risk factor for OSA. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate whether impaired nasal airflow might explain the missing effect of weight reduction on OSA. Methodology: Fifty-two overweight adult patients with mild OSA were recruited. After the 12-month lifestyle intervention, all patients who achieved more than 5% weight loss were divided into two groups based on whether they still had OSA or not. Change in nasal resistance measured by rhinomanometer and AHI were the main outcome variables. Results: A total of 26/52 patients achieved 5% weight reduction. Of those 26 patients, 16 were objectively cured from OSA and 10 patients did not benefit from weight loss. Nasal resistance reduced significantly more in patients who had been cured from OSA. Smoking had a negative impact on both nasal resistance and improvement of AHI. Conclusions: Impaired nasal breathing and smoking may prevent the beneficial effects of weight reduction in the treatment of OSA.
Mozaikowanie prawdy. Narracje quasi-faktyczne w reportażu literackim
Authors: Glensk Urszula , Lesiak Milan
Published: February 2022

W artykule omówione zostały relacje między faktografią a fikcją w reportażu literackim. W tekście zaproponowany został termin narracja quasi-faktyczna, opisujący typową dla gatunków dokumentalnych figurę retoryczną, amplifikującą obrazowanie. Druga kategoria: narracja faktoidalna jest intencjonalnym i nieuprawnionym w pisarstwie reportażowym przekłamaniem. Propozycja teoretyczna, odnosząca się do tradycji literaturoznawczej sięgającej międzywojnia, została omówiona na przykładzie twórczości autorów dawnych i współczesnych, między innymi Wandy Melcer, Melchiora Wańkowicza, Hanny Krall, Anny Kaszuby-Dębskiej, Wojciecha Jagielskiego i Anny Fryczkowskiej, autorki narracji faktoidalnej.

Mosaic of Truth: Quasi-factual Narratives in Literary Reportage

The article discusses the relation between the factography and the fiction in literary reportage. The text proposes the term of quasi-factual narrative, which describes a rhetorical figure typical for the documentary genres amplifying their descriptivity. Second category: factual narrative is an intentional distortion that is unauthorised in the reportage genre. The theoretical proposal referring back to the tradition of literary studies that dates back to the interwar period was discussed using the example of oeuvre of old and contemporary authors such as Wanda Melder, Melchior Wańkowicz, Hanna Krall, Anna Kaszuba-Dębska, Wojciech Jagielski and Anna Fryczkowska – the author of factual narrative.
Polski reportaż w Szwecji
Authors: Zadencka Maria
Published: February 2022

Artykuł omawia trzy prace doktorskie obronione na uczelniach szwedzkich (Anny Jungstrand, Anity Pluwak i Cecilii Aare) poświęcone gatunkowi reportażu i zawierające między innymi analizy tekstów polskich autorów – Hanny Krall, Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego, Wojciecha Tochmana i Jacka Hugo-Badera. Opisane zostały teoretyczne punkty wyjścia tych prac badawczych oraz sposoby ujmowania charakterystycznych cech warsztatu polskich pisarzy: jak budowana jest na poziomie wielopoziomowej narracji „wiarygodność” reportażu literackiego ( Jungstrand), „sytuacja spotkania” między czytelnikami i bohaterami reportażu (Aare) oraz jak perspektywa czasowa współgra z technique of pressure, jeśli odczytywać tekst reportażu w perspektywie teorii „melodramatyczności” Petera Brooksa (Pluwak). Ustalenia badaczek zestawione zostały z głosami krytyków (Peter Englund, Joar Tiberg), skomentowana też została powtórzona przez Jungstrand i Aare teza Macieja Zaremby ze wstępu do antologii szwedzkich tłumaczeń polskich reportaży (2006) o roli komunistycznej cenzury w formowaniu warsztatu polskich reportażystów. Polish Reportage in Sweden The article discusses three doctoral theses (of Anna Jungstrand, Anita Pluwak and Cecilia Aare) defended at Swedish universities that focused on the genre of reportage and included among other things the analyses of texts by Polish authors – Hanna Krall, Ryszard Kapuściński, Wojciech Tochman and Jacek Hugo-Bader. The article describes the theoretical starting points of these research works and the methods of identifying the characteristic features of the Polish authors’ writing style: the creation of “credibility” of the literary reportage from the perspective of multilevel narrative ( Jungstrand), the “meeting situation” between readers and characters of the reportage (Aare) and the interplay of temporal perspective with the “technique of pressure” if a reportage text is to be read from the perspective of Peter Brooks’ theory of melodrama (Pluwak). Conclusions of the researchers were juxtaposed with the voices of critics (Peter England, Joan Tiberg), commented upon was also the Maciej Zaremba’s thesis about the role of communist censorship in formation of writing style of Polish reporters that appeared in the preface to the anthology of Swedish translations of Polish reportages (2006) that was also repeated by Jungstrand and Aare.
Między osobą a wyglądem. O biografii Romana Witolda Ingardena
Authors: Wróbel Łukasz
Published: February 2022

Artykuł jest komentarzem do biografii Romana W. Ingardena napisanej przez Radosława Kuliniaka i Mariusza Pandurę zatytułowanej „Jestem filozofem świata” (Κόσμου φιλόσοφός εἰμι). Roman Witold Ingarden (1893–1970). Opracowawszy i wydawszy również pokaźną liczbę materiałów archiwalnych dotyczących przed- i powojennej historii polskiej filozofii, autorzy opublikowali, opatrzoną licznymi potwierdzeniami archiwalnymi, książkę spod znaku życia i filozofii. Zastosowali w niej pozytywistyczny model biografii, implikujący określone (biologiczne, historyczne) determinizmy oraz tradycyjnie linearny i sekwencyjny obraz przeszłości, model oparty na substancjalnie ujmowanym podmiocie, wyodrębnialnym z sieci zależności dyskursywnych, instytucjonalnych. W artykule rozważam, czy pozytywistyczny model pisarstwa biograficznego, wraz z zastosowanymi w książce stylem i retoryką, pozwala autorom zrealizować założone przez nich cele. Czy biografia fenomenologa mogła być oparta na innych rozwiązaniach pojęciowych i genologicznych? Czy można takie odnaleźć pośród pojęć i koncepcji czerpanych z pism Ingardena? Between the Person and the Appearance: On the Biography of Roman Witold Ingarden The article is a commentary on Radosław Kuliniak’s and Mariusz Pandura’s biography of Roman Witold Ingarden “Jestem filozofem świata” (Κόσμου φιλόσοφός εἰμι). Roman Witold Ingarden (1893–1970). Having edited and published together a number of archival materials related to the history of Polish pre- and post-war philosophy as well, the authors have brought out a book on life and philosophy that is strongly corroborated by the archival materials. They have employed the positivist model of biography that implies particular (biological, historical) determinisms along with traditionally linear and sequential view of the past, the model based on substantial concept of the subject that can be isolated from its discursive or institutional networks of relations. In the article I discuss whether the positivist model of biographical writing along with the style and rhetoric employed in the book serve to achieve the goals set by the authors. Could the phenomenologist’s biography be based on different conceptual and genological solutions? Can they be found among the notions and conceptions extracted from Ingarden’s writings?
Alevi-Bektaşi Yolunda İkrar Kavramının Kuramsal Çerçevesi
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ali Rıza
Published: February 2022

Alevilik ve Bektaşilik çalışmaları genel bir eğilim olarak başka İslam zümrelerinin kavramları üzerinden yapılmıştır. Alevi-Bektaşi terminolojisine hâkim olunmadan yapılan bu çalışmalar, büyük hatalara neden olmuştur. Kavramları yerli yerine oturtamayan çalışmaların yarattığı bilgi kirliliği, vahim boyutlara ulaşmıştır. Alevi-Bektaşi yolunun merkezi kavramlarından biri ikrardır. Alevilik ve Bektaşilik çalışmalarında ikrar kavramının genellikle erkân (ritüel) anlamı dikkate alınmıştır. Kavramın kuramsal çerçevesi hakkında ise çok az şey söylenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel konusu, ikrar kavramının kuramsal çerçevesini çizmektir. Çalışmamızda kullandığımız kaynaklar, Aleviliğin ve Bektaşiliğin yazılı kaynaklarıdır. Alevi-Bektaşi ariflerinin eserleri başta olmak üzere kolektif belleğin taşıyıcısı olan Erkânnâme ve Buyruklar bu kaynaklar arasında yer alır. İkrar kavramı etrafında kaleme alınan güncel çalışmaları da çalışmanın kaynakları arasında saymak gerekir. Bu çalışma iki ana başlıktan oluşmaktadır. Birinci başlık, ikrar kelimesinin sözlük ve terim anlamını içermektedir. Alevi-Bektaşi yolunda ikrar, hem cins isim olarak hem de terim olarak birbirini tamamlayan anlamlar taşır. Çalışmanın ikinci başlığı ise Alevi Bektaşi yolunda ikrar teriminin kuramsal çerçevesine ayrılmıştır.
Exploring Patient Engagement in Pharmaceutical Medicine Development: A Value Creation Perspective.
Authors:   , Eichmann Xuemei
Published: February 2022

Patient engagement (PE) has rapidly expanded in medicine development in recent years. Despite the volume of literature on this concept, there has been little conceptualization of this new phenomenon, which is still ambiguous and fragmented. A clear understanding of PE in medicine development from a value-creation perspective is much advocated, yet sparsely studied in the literature. Taking a social constructivist stance, this study found PE in medicine development as a multi-dimensional and multi-level complex social phenomenon. Therefore, a holistic account of PE in medicine development from the perspectives of key stakeholders (i.e., patient, society, and PHARMA) was developed to answer the what and how questions regarding PE in medicine development from a value-creation perspective. This study explored the concept of PE in medicine development through identifying the antecedents, attributes, consequences and influencing factors of PE in medicine development, employing Rodgers’ (1989) concept development approach. Thereby, a thematic analysis of interviews with key stakeholders (i.e., patients, medicine developers, and PE experts) and literature provided the following PE definition in medicine development: Patient engagement in medicine development means co-creation of value for patients, healthcare and all healthcare stakeholders through partnership and collaboration between healthcare actors and patients along the medicine development lifecycle, to allow integration of patient value in medicine development by engaging the patients as value co-creators of health outcomes. This study revealed that PE in medicine development requires alignment among healthcare stakeholders on value perspectives based on patient value. Thereby, co-creation was found as a core attribute, while patient centricity a core antecedent and improved value a core consequence of PE in medicine development. The PE conceptual framework and theoretical propositions developed in this study offer a conceptualization of PE in medicine development, providing foundational work and practical guidance to healthcare actors to further advance this concept in theory and practice.
Importancia del mantenimiento con tratamientos anticorrosivos en la durabilidad de equipos de aires acondicionados en ambientes salinos
Authors: Delgado-García Gabriel Octavio , Tóala-Arcentales Galvin Antonio
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación enfoca su estudio en la problemática de la afectación corrosión y la importancia del mantenimiento con tratamientos anticorrosivos para la durabilidad de equipos de aires acondicionados en ambientes salinos, en función de ello, el análisis y estudio de una revisión bibliográfica documental sobre los procesos de la corrosión de materiales en ambientes corrosivos y la importancia del mantenimiento con la aplicación de tratamientos anticorrosivos, para la protección y durabilidad de los equipos. La metodología y el tipo de método que se utilizó tomo en cuenta la clasificación y el análisis de 32 fuentes de información considerando artículos científicos, libros, y, tesis de doctorado y posgrado indexados con el 65% de actualidad. Como resultados se obtuvo fundamentaciones que ponderan la importancia de normativas de calidad, como la ISO 9001, y la ASTM para la evaluación de los tratamientos anticorrosivos como método de protección para la durabilidad de equipos en ambientes salinos. Finalmente se establecen conclusiones que determinan la importancia del mantenimiento con tratamientos anticorrosivos como método de protección para la durabilidad equipos de aire acondicionados en ambientes altamente corrosivos.

Palabras clave: anticorrosivos, mantenimiento, corrosión, durabilidad, procesos.
Ocorrência de fenótipos subnormais no limite Neoeifeliano/Eogivetiano, Tibagi, estado do Paraná: implicações tafonômicas e paleossinecológicas
Authors: Bosett Elvio Pinto , Horodysk Rodrigo Scalise , Zabini Carolina , Matsumura Willian Mikio Kurita , Penteado Andressa Carla
Published: February 2022

Registra-se aqui a ocorrência de fenótipos com dimensões subnormais de invertebrados marinhos fósseis na passagem Neoeifeliano/Eogivetiano (Devoniano). Estes fósseis representam uma fauna reliquiar, que é resultado de uma crise biótica ocorrida no período. Análises específicas foram efetuadas com o intuito de serem identificados possíveis tendenciamentos tafonômicos. De acordo com as assinaturas tafonômicas reconhecidas, é possível afirmar que os bioclastos não sofreram transporte significativo, podendo ser considerados como autóctones a parautóctones. A ocorrência de fenótipos com dimensões subnormais na Formação São Domingos não é resultado de tendenciamentos e as evidências obtidas espelham uma real resposta adaptativa de condições de estresse da síndrome pós-evento (Evento KACAK).
Reflexões sobre ciência e ética
Authors: Prost Maria Thereza
Published: February 2022

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On the presence of Scinax pedromedinae (Henle, 1991) (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae) in Amazonian Brazil and northern Peru
Authors: Hoogmoed Marinus Steven , Avila-Pires Teresa Cristina Sauer
Published: February 2022

We report the presence of Scinax pedromedinae in northern Peru, near the point where the borders of Peru, Brazil, and Colombia meet (660 km northeast of Pucallpa and 900 km N of Puerto Maldonado), and in the Estação Ecológica Mamirauá in central Amazonas State, Brazil (1,200 km NE of Pucallpa, 1,100 km NNE of Puerto Maldonado, and 600 km E of the northern Peruvian locality reported here). These new records suggest a continuous distribution of this species in the western Amazon Basin, in eastern Peru, western Brazil, and northern Bolivia.
Primeiro registro de Leptodactylus caatingae Heyer & Juncá, 2003 (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) para o estado do Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Vieira Jânia Brito , Magalhães Junior Arnaldo José Correia , Silva Guilherme Ramos da , Machado Luiz Cezar , Nicola Patrícia
Published: February 2022

Leptodactylus caatingae foi descrito por Heyer & Juncá (2003) com base em exemplares coletados na Bahia. Agora, é conhecida nos biomas caatinga e floresta atlântica dos estados da Bahia, Pernambuco, Paraíba e Espírito Santo. Neste artigo, apresentamos o primeiro registro de L. caatingae para o estado do Ceará.
Caracterização do processo sucessional no Projeto de Assentamento Benfica, sudeste do estado do Pará, Amazônia oriental
Authors: Coelho Roberta de Fátima Rodrigues , Miranda Izildinha Souza , Mitja Danielle
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar as fases sucessionais – por meio da estrutura e composição florística – das florestas secundárias na área do Projeto de Assentamento Benfica (PA-Benfica), localizada no sudeste do Pará. Foram escolhidas vinte e duas áreas em função da idade de abandono, das características fisionômicas e do histórico de uso. As áreas foram inicialmente agrupadas em quatro intervalos de idades diferentes: um ano, cinco a 11 anos, 12 a 15 anos, 20 anos e fragmentos de floresta remanescente. Em cada área foi implantado um transecto de 10 x 50 m, no qual foram inventariados todos os indivíduos pertencentes a três estratos: superior (DAP ≥ 10 cm), médio (DAP < 10 cm e altura ≥ 2 m) e inferior (altura < 2 m). Nas 22 áreas estudadas, foram encontradas 637 espécies, 284 gêneros, pertencentes a 82 famílias. Em todos os estratos, o número de espécies florestais predominou frente às espécies pioneiras. As árvores predominaram em todos os estratos, seguidas pelos arbustos e lianas. A densidade de espécies pioneiras apresentou uma tendência de diminuição nos três primeiros estágios sucessionais. Os parâmetros estruturais analisados neste estudo não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os estágios sucessionais.
Enriquecimento de florestas secundárias como tecnologia de produção sustentável para a agricultura familiar
Authors: Brienza Júnior Silvio
Published: February 2022

A capacidade produtiva da agricultura tradicional de corte e queima pode ser melhorada por meio do plantio de árvores de crescimento rápido durante o período de pousio, com o objetivo de acumular biomassa e nutrientes para uso na fase agrícola subsequente. Para isso, são desejados alguns atributos das espécies florestais a serem usadas no enriquecimento da capoeira. O plantio das espécies florestais leguminosas Acacia mangium (acácia), Inga edulis (ingá), Acacia angustissima (ligeirinha) e Sclerolobium paniculatum (taxi-branco), a partir da fase agrícola (milho e mandioca), no espaçamento 2 m x 2 m, apresentou bons resultados para a porcentagem de sobrevivência, acúmulo de biomassa e volume de madeira. O acúmulo de biomassa seca proporcionado pelas árvores plantadas variou de 35-40 t ha-1 (acácia) a 10-15 t ha-1 (taxi-branco). A análise do impacto do enriquecimento na redução do tempo de pousio mostrou que o sistema de enriquecimento formado com A. mangium proporcionou, em três anos (um ano de cultivo agrícola + dois anos de pousio enriquecido), um acúmulo de biomassa equivalente a cinco anos de pousio tradicional.
Finding Places in Text with the World Historical Gazetteer
Authors: Grunewald Susan , Janco Andrew
Published: February 2022

Researchers often need to be able to search a corpus of texts for a defined list of terms and historians are often interested in certain places named in a text or texts. This lesson details how to programmatically search documents for a list of terms, including place names and then how to obtain coordinates and map historical place names with the World Historical Gazetteer.
High-order Table-based Conversion Algorithms and Masking Lattice-based Encryption
Authors: Coron Jean-Sébastien , Gérard François , Montoya Simon , Zeitoun Rina
Published: February 2022

Masking is the main countermeasure against side-channel attacks on embedded devices. For cryptographic algorithms that combine Boolean and arithmetic masking, one must therefore convert between the two types of masking, without leaking additional information to the attacker. In this paper we describe a new high-order conversion algorithm between Boolean and arithmetic masking, based on table recomputation, and provably secure in the ISW probing model. We show that our technique is particularly efficient for masking structured LWE encryption schemes such as Kyber and Saber. In particular, for Kyber IND-CPA decryption, we obtain an order of magnitude improvement compared to existing techniques.
Higher-Order Masked Ciphertext Comparison for Lattice-Based Cryptography
Authors: D’Anvers Jan-Pieter , Heinz Daniel , Pessl Peter , Van Beirendonck Michiel , Verbauwhede Ingrid
Published: February 2022

Checking the equality of two arrays is a crucial building block of the Fujisaki-Okamoto transformation, and as such it is used in several post-quantum key encapsulation mechanisms including Kyber and Saber. While this comparison operation is easy to perform in a black box setting, it is hard to efficiently protect against side-channel attacks. For instance, the hash-based method by Oder et al. is limited to first-order masking, a higher-order method by Bache et al. was shown to be flawed, and a very recent higher-order technique by Bos et al. suffers in runtime. In this paper, we first demonstrate that the hash-based approach, and likely many similar first-order techniques, succumb to a relatively simple side-channel collision attack. We can successfully recover a Kyber512 key using just 6000 traces. While this does not break the security claims, it does show the need for efficient higher-order methods. We then present a new higher-order masked comparison algorithm based on the (insecure) higher-order method of Bache et al. Our new method is 4.2x, resp. 7.5x, faster than the method of Bos et al. for a 2nd, resp. 3rd, -order masking on the ARM Cortex-M4, and unlike the method of Bache et al., the new technique takes ciphertext compression into account. We prove correctness, security, and masking security in detail and provide performance numbers for 2nd and 3rd-order implementations. Finally, we verify our the side-channel security of our implementation using the test vector leakage assessment (TVLA) methodology.
Side Channel Attack On Stream Ciphers: A Three-Step Approach To State/Key Recovery
Authors: Kumar Satyam , Dasu Vishnu Asutosh , Baksi Anubhab , Sarkar Santanu , Jap Dirmanto , Breier Jakub , Bhasin Shivam
Published: February 2022

Side Channel Attack (SCA) exploits the physical information leakage (such as electromagnetic emanation) from a device that performs some cryptographic operation and poses a serious threat in the present IoT era. In the last couple of decades, there have been a large body of research works dedicated to streamlining/improving the attacks or suggesting novel countermeasures to thwart those attacks. However, a closer inspection reveals that a vast majority of published works in the context of symmetric key cryptography is dedicated to block ciphers (or similar designs). This leaves the problem for the stream ciphers wide open. There are few works here and there, but a generic and systematic framework appears to be missing from the literature. Motivating by this observation, we explore the problem of SCA on stream ciphers with extensive details. Loosely speaking, our work picks up from the recent TCHES’21 paper by Sim, Bhasin and Jap. We present a framework by extending the efficiency of their analysis, bringing it into more practical terms.In a nutshell, we develop an automated framework that works as a generic tool to perform SCA on any stream cipher or a similar structure. It combines multiple automated tools (such as, machine learning, mixed integer linear programming, satisfiability modulo theory) under one umbrella, and acts as an end-to-end solution (taking side channel traces and returning the secret key). Our framework efficiently handles noisy data and works even after the cipher reaches its pseudo-random state. We demonstrate its efficacy by taking electromagnetic traces from a 32-bit software platform and performing SCA on a high-profile stream cipher, TRIVIUM, which is also an ISO standard. We show pragmatic key recovery on TRIVIUM during its initialization and also after the cipher reaches its pseudo-random state (i.e., producing key-stream).
A Case Report to Study The Effective Role of Varunadi Kashaya and Dashmool Churna in the Causes of Increased Post Void Residual Urine
Authors: Monika Sharma
Published: February 2022

Post-Void Residual (PVR) volume of urine is the amount of urine retained in the bladder after a voluntary void that is measured by catheterization or non-invasively by ultrasonography. The increased value of PVR act as a diagnostic tool in a urological pathology such as a neurological disease/injury to the bladder, mechanical obstruction, infection or medication induced urinary retention. A PVR less than 50ml signifies adequate bladder emptying. The present case is of 3.1mm non-obstructing left renal calculus and Grade III prostatomegaly with increased Post Void Residual urine (91ml). Renal calculi and prostatomegaly, both are common obstructive uropathies which interferes with the normal outflow of urine. Treatment is aimed at relieving the symptoms and to treat the underlying cause as well. The treatment strategies that can be followed are catheterization, stenting, surgery, lithotripsy, hormonal therapy and antibiotic therapy. The Ayurvedic formulation, Varunadi Kashaya and Dashmool Churna are Vata kapha pacifying drugs. With its Mutrala, Deepana, Anulomana, Shothghana, Shoolghana properties, it had successfully eliminated renal calculus, decreased the prostate size and ultimately, lowered the PVR value as evidenced in USG report. There is a considerable relief in the troublesome urological symptoms- dysuria, dribbling micturition, weak urine stream, inadequate bladder emptying and abdominal pain.
A Literary Study on Matravatashniyad: A Quantitative Food
Authors: Ramabai
Published: February 2022

Eating habits can cause obesity, diabetes, and increase certain risk factors for stroke, heart disease, and cancer and by depriving our bodies of the nourishment its needs can lead to poor nutrition. Rules for intake of food explained in Ayurveda can counter the food related disorders, Matravatashniyad is one among them. Objective: A review on Matravatashniyad. Method: Literary source of the present study is collected from the classical texts of Ayurveda, other Ayurvedic texts and Journals from Dhanvantari Ayurveda College Siddapura, Uttara Kannada District. Discussion: Ahara Matra based on Angi, Dravya Bheda, Kukshi, and Rashi. Person having strong, moderate and minimal digestive power ingest a food in maximum, moderate and less quantity respectively. Heavy food article should be taken either in three-fourth or half of own’s satisfaction and food articles which are Laghu does not cause over satisfaction. Stomach volume divided into 3 parts, 1 part is assigned to food, 1 part for drink and one part left for Vatadi Dosha movement. Consumption of rice, meat and soup in total combined quantity and in different quantity as in whole food are essential. Conclusion: Matravatahara, right quantity of food promotes the health as well as enhance the life span
A Conceptual Exploration on the Samprapti Ghatakas of Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Devisree R  , Ragesh T H
Published: February 2022

Thyroid disorders are the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide with devastating health consequences. Hyperthyroidism is commonly referred as an overactive thyroid which enhances the rate of metabolism in multiple levels. Since this disorder is having multisystem effects, the pathology can’t be restricted to the gland only. There is striking similarity between the functions of Dhatwagni and thyroid hormone metabolism. The far reaching metabolic disturbances in thyroid dysfunctions are attributed to Dhatwagni vikruthi. On a close review, it is evident that Ayurvedic concept available in this direction clearly demonstrates the pathology when juxtaposed against the advanced principles of modern medicine. In Ayurveda, the categorization of diseases had been made according to the involved Doshas, Dooshyas, Srotas, Agni, Ojus (the etiopathological factors) which are termed as the Samprapti ghatakas. These descriptions are largely based on factors and way of life prevalent in the period when they were compiled. Detailed studies may be undertaken to ascertain these factors of the diseases which are relevant in the current lifestyle and environment. It is striking that the treatment of hyperthyroidism has not changed greatly in the past several decades. Only conservative management is possible through Anti thyroid drugs, but about a 50% have relapse rate. A global epidemiological study reported a data of 50% of subclinical hyperthyroid subjects have arisen from excessive intake of thyroid hormones. A thorough understanding of the complete disease process with regard to the Samprapti ghatakas involved is of great importance in this subject which forms the basis of systematic approach in the Ayurvedic management.
Farmers’ Perception on the Sustainability of a Rubber- Based Agroforestry System as a Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in Agusan Del Sur and North Cotabato, Philippines
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Furoc-Paelmo Roselyn , Cosico Russel Son , Cabahug Rowena Esperanza , Castillo Arnold Karl , Castillo Arturo , Visco Roberto
Published: February 2022

This documentation research sought to evaluate the effectiveness of rubber-based agroforestry typologies as a climate change adaptation strategy in the major rubber producing regions in the Philippines, particularly in Agusan del Sur and North Cotabato. It focused on the understanding/perception of the RBAS farmer respondents on climate change and their account of its influence on the production system and their coping mechanisms. Among the farmer respondents, drought (El Niño), typhoon, strong winds, heavy rains/excessive rainfall, flash floods and landslides are among the common evidences of climate change. Generally, most of the adaptation strategies employed is through cultural management practices like minimized usage of inorganic fertilizer and chemical pesticides from Agusan del Sur farmer respondents while some of the farmer respondents in North Cotabato employed organic farming practices to adapt to climate change. For both provinces, farmer respondents particularly identified agroforestry and diversified farming system as an effective adaptation strategy. Results proved the potential of the rubber-based agroforestry system to evolve as a resilient farming practice to adapt to climate change vis-à-vis stable biological and economic productivity, controlled occurrence of pest and diseases and minimized detrimental effects of climate change on the agroforestry farm component as a whole.
Comparison of Spectrophotometric and Digital Photometric Methods for Determining Chemical Oxygen Demand
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Mallari Rhea , Micor Jose Rene , del Rosario Ernesto
Published: February 2022

Visible spectrophotometry (VS) and digital photometry (DP) for determining chemical oxygen demand (COD) were compared; the latter method involved image processing of digital photographs of analyte solutions using RGB-AIC software. Statistical analysis showed that COD values of untreated and treated (trickling filter) wastewater samples from a hog slaughterhouse were not significantly different using VS and DP methods. The COD values were not significantly different among the treated samples as well using a* and L* plots. Tests for accuracy and repeatability of the DP method showed acceptable results. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) for DP was 0.73 mg L-1 while the LOD for VS was 0.33 mg L-1. The accuracy of the DP method was validated using glucose solutions of known COD values; t-tests performed at 95% confidence level showed no significant differences in COD values between (1) theory and experiment, (2) VS and DP and (3) a* and L* plots. These findings suggest that digital photometry is accurate and can be used as an equally accurate alternative to conventional spectrophotometry.
Conservation under Regional Industrialization: Fragmentation and Cover Change in a Forest Reserve
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Vergara Dante Gideon , Coladilla Jesusita , Alcantara Evangeline , Mapacpac John Christian , Leyte James Elwyn , Padilla Cherry , Ruzol Clarissa , Siagan Deddy Romulo
Published: February 2022

Buffer zones are established along the perimeters of reserves for their protection. The literature is replete with examples of development in buffer zones that have been detrimental to the conservation efforts of the reserve. Barangay Puting Lupa in Calamba City, Philippines is adjacent to Zone 3 of the Mount Makiling Forest Reserve (MMFR). Despite industrial and settlement development in the periphery, the forest recovered its northwestern sub-watershed, as evidenced by satellite imagery, showing reduced fragmentation. Although the conservation strategy for MMFR changed from settler antagonism to a participative approach, other factors were involved that brought about the possible unassisted forest regrowth. Low density settlement development with corporate social responsibility committed to wildlife conservation; high demand for skilled labor due to rapid regional industrialization and urbanization; an aging corps of original farmers; the high regard of Filipino families for their children’s education for better opportunities in life; and the livelihood preference of family members other than farming in lands with no security of tenure; all combined in an auspicious mix of factors to bring about apparent partial abandonment of farming within Zone 3 of the MMFR and conservation in the buffer zone. The forest recovered, and with decreased fragmentation, indicative of enhanced forest integrity.
Carbon Sequestration by Large Leaf Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King.) Plantation in Mount Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines: A Decade After
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Racelis Elenita , Racelis Diomedes , Luna Amelita
Published: February 2022

The study on monitoring carbon accumulation and sequestration potential of Large Leaf Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King.) plantation in Mount Makiling Forest Reserve was a continuation of the same study conducted in 2000. It aimed to look into the sequestration rate of the plantation after a 10-year period. The study measured the biomass, C and CO2 stored in the aboveground, ground and belowground biomass. It also quantified the rate of C captured with the 2000 study as baseline data. The latest study showed that the plantation has a total biomass production of 1,120 Mg ha-1 which is equivalent to 542 Mg ha-1 of C and 1,989 Mg ha-1 of CO2. Within a 10-year period, it registered a biomass buildup of 43 Mg ha-1 yr-1 and sequestered carbon at 22 Mg ha-1 yr-1 and 81 Mg ha-1 yr-1 of CO2. Its carbon storing capacity surpasses that of an old growth forest, natural stand and other types of vegetation. It can be concluded that the potential of forest plantation to sequester carbon can be maximized given a good-site condition, appropriate silvicultural practices applied, less human disturbances thus allowing the stand to attain its optimum growth as manifested by the plantation studie.
Methodology of the Digital Platform of Smart Accurate Ecologically Balanced Agriculture of Adygea
Authors: Varshanina T. P. , Plisenko O. A. , Korobkov V. N. , Shekhov Z. A.
Published: February 2022

The digital platform being developed is an information and mathematical model of the space of agricultural lands of Adygea, designed to solve an urgent problem of our time: automated visualization of the boundaries of spatial and temporal heterogeneity of crops and their habitat. For the first time, an automated computational model of the redistribution of agrochemical indicators in morphometrically classified quasi–homogeneous relief surfaces – geotopes in comparison with soil conditions, climatic and microclimatic fluctuations has been created. The tasks of the development include: providing automated monitoring, analysis, forecasting and optimization of crop growth conditions at the local and meso-level of natural and economic areas of the region, as well as creating an intelligent information support system for technological solutions in relation to the soil, climatic and economic conditions of a particular agricultural enterprise. At the regional and meso-level, the basic information component of the digital platform includes the hierarchy of natural and economic areas identified by methods of landscape-climatic, ecological-soil and natural-anthropogenic zoning according to the quasi-homogeneous distribution of parent rocks and natural and ecological conditions of the formation of meso-, microclimate and soils. At the local level, information is integrated with respect to the author’s information-mathematical 3D geometric structural model of the field relief surface, which provides extraction of morphometric characteristics and calculation of current lines determining the direction of movement of matter along geotopes, determination of representative points of agrochemical examination and interpolation of agrochemical analysis data in the field relief. The digital platform is being developed on the basis of the free cross-platform Quantum GIS in the form of an extension module in Python using QGIS libraries. The database of the digital platform is created on the PostgreSQL database management system. The extension module directly processes the information stored in the database to obtain consolidated information on the hierarchy of units of analysis – natural and economic area and agricultural enterprise, geotope and field.