bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of some antioxidents in treatment of adultbronchial asthma
Authors: Khalaf Awath Ibrahim , Sharif Abdullah Mohamed , S. Ahmed Salam
Published: September 2023

This study has been performed to evaluate the role of antioxidants in the treatment of bronchial asthma in adult patients. The specific objectives of this study are to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antioxidants in the treatment of branchial asthma in adult patients and whether the proper supplementation of antioxidants decreases the exacerbation of asthmatic attack. This study was conducted during the period from February through December 2008. Eighty asthmatic patients were included in this study. The patients were classified into 2 groups; first group was treated with vitamin E (tablet of 400 units per day) for 2 months duration, and those include 40 patients (24 males and l6 females), they have been subdivided according to the severity into mild asthma (28 patients) and moderate asthma (12 patients), while the other group of patients was treated with vitamin E (tablet of 400 units per day) and selenium (tablet 100 pg two times daily after meal) for 2 rnonths, and those include 40 patients (27 males and 13 females), and they have been subdivided according to the severity into mild asthma (29 patients) and moderate asthma (11 patients). The results revealed a significant inerease in peak expiratory flow rate (560.25 liter/min)after treatment with vitamin E, than before treatment with vitamin E(524.5 liter/min), while a highly significant decrease in serum rnalclndialdehyde was recorded after treatment with vitamin E(2.98 nmollml) than before treatment with vitamin E (3.85 nmol/ml). There was significant increase in peak expiratory flow rate after treatment with vitamin E and selenium (567,25 liter/min) than before treatment (558.0 liter/rnin), serum rnalondialdehyde shows a highly significant decrease after treatment with vitamin E and selenium (1.60 nmol/ml) than befcrre treatment (3.67 nmollml). The results also reveals a clinical improvement in those patients who received vitamin E and seleniurn, because vitamin E and selenium are a better antioxidant than vitamin E alone, and this proved by a lower serum malondialdehyde level in patients who had been received vitamin E and selenium
Comparison of oral misoprostol and intramuscular oxytocinfor treating of primary post partum haemorrhage caused byuterine atony
Authors: H. Abid AlKareem Israa
Published: September 2023

To compare oral misoprostol with intramuscular oxytocin in the treatment of atonic uterus that cause primary post partum haemorrhage after vaginai home deliveries .A prospective study , 38 women were categories in fwo group; as follow: twenty-five women received intramuscular oxytocin and thirteen received oral misoprostol. Measurement of the blood loss after medication was recorded as a main outcome measure. The result showed that 72o/o of the patient received intramuscular oxytocin injection had blood loss less that 500 ml while 46% of the patients received oral misoprostol had blood loss less than 500m1. Intramuscular oxytocin injection is effective in treatment of primary post partum hemonhage caused by uterine atony
Nuchal Cord Encirclement & Birth Weight
Authors: Tahir Sayhood Sumya
Published: September 2023

Nuchal cord encirclement is defined as the condition in which the umbilical cord is wound at least once around the neck of the fetus. The ultrasound is one of the very helpful tools for evaluation of fetus with possible Nuchal cord entanglement, especially color flow Doppler ultrasonography which is a reliable tool to detect Nuchal coiling of the umbilical cord, and therefore color Doppler waveforms assessment in nuchal cord entanglements might be helpful for clinicians to decide a closer surveillance in labor by using intra-partum cardio-toco-graphy. The aim of the study was to determine if the presence of a single or multiple nuchal cord encirclement has a negative effect on fetal growth. This study was conducted at Tikrit Teaching Hospital. All live borns, single and multiple births during the study period (August 2008 to July 2009) were examined they were 3972 including term and preterm labor. Of them 271 have nuchal cord encirclement, of those 34 have multiple encirclement and 23 7 have single encirclement. The collected data were divided into those with encirclement and those without. The effect of nuchal cord on the birth weight according to the gestational age; sex of the neonate and the parity of the mother hc1s been evaluated. There was no significant association between the diagnosis of growth restriction and the presence of cord encirclement. The mean birth weight was not significantly different in the presence of a single or multiple nuchal cord encirclement than without encirclement. The conclusion was that whether the nuchal cord encirclement is single or multiple, it has no significant effect on birth weight.
Comparison of post-tonsillectomy analgesic drugs (Paracetamol,Diclofenac sodium, and Tramadol)
Authors: Mohammed Shinawa Rehaim , Salih Aljbori Amer , Mohammed Alwam Ammar
Published: September 2023

To compare the effectiveness of using paracetamol, diclofenac sodium, and tramadol in controlling post tonsillectomy pain in immediate post-operative period. Sixty patients from 10 to 30 years old undergoing tonsillectomy by classical cold steei method and homeostasis done by ligation r,vith or without electrocauterization. We divided them into three groups according to the type of analgesic drug received in the immediate post operative period: Group A (20 patients) received paracetamol injection 15mg/kg/dose. Group B. (20 patients) received diclofenac sodium injection l.25mglkg lday. Group C (20 patients) received tramadol injectionlmg/kg/dose. Post-operative pain assessed clinically and according to visual analogue scales during rest and deglutition. 8 patients (40%) of group A have good response VAS less than 30 mm with mild discomfort, 15 patients (75%) of group B have good response and in group C 17 patients (85%) have VAS less than 30 mm with mild discomfort. There was significant difference between group B and C in comparison with group A (p:0.039), but there was no significant difference between group'B and group C (p >0.05). Tramadol and diclofenac sodium are most effective in controlling post tonsillectomy pain even in those patients who have tonsillectomy with e lectrocauterization.
Experimental induction of delay union in femur bone fracture and itseffect on the adjacent skeletal muscles
Authors: Ismael Seddeek Ban
Published: September 2023

Bone fracture and its healing process have been extensively investigated for many years. in this stady bone delayed .union and its effect on the adjacent muscle was investigated. Ten local breed adult rabbits of both sexes weighing 1200-1500 g were used in the experiment. All animals were undergoing surgical operations to induce a transverse closed fracture in the midshaft of the femur, All animals were survived for five months' and then killed using high dose inhalation of chloroform inside glass box. The surgical procedures were made under (general anesthesia) of 50mg/kg Ketamin hydrochloride. A 5 cm longitudinal incision was made on the lateral side of the right thigh. the fractured bone were fixed using intramedullary fixati.on). Approximate the two fragments and a gap of about 2.5-3 mm length was left to prevent normal bone union. The length and weight of each muscle were measured. Comparison between right and left side for both weight and length was made. A specimen from the muscles of anterior group of thigh (i.e. Rectus femoris), posterior group of thigh (i.e. biceps femoris), anterior group of leg (i.e.tibialis anterior), and posterior group of leg (i.e. soleus) for both right and left was taken. Sample also from fracture site was taken. Staining of sections using Haematoxylin and eosin.the result revealed a significant decrease in muscle fibers weight and diameters. It was concluded that the delay in bone healing reflected on recovery of the weight and diameter of adjacent skeletal muscle fibers.
Evaluation of Serum Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartateaminotransferase and Alkaline phosphatase in Adult ObeseNinava People.
Authors: H. Al-Hamdani Isra'a
Published: September 2023

Oral contraceptive steroids are used by an estimated 60 to 70 million women world­wide. Over the past 20 years there have been both case reports and clinical studies on the topic of drug interactions with these agents. The use of oral contraceptives has been consistently associated with decreased levels of the activity of many enzymes, and Vitamin C. The main transpo1ter of copper, a2-globulin ceruloplasmin which is a multifunctional enzyme. The present study was conducted in Family planqing in Tikril Teaching r Iospital in Tikrit province, Serum ceruloplasmin, copper, vitamin C, and iron levels were estimated in 40 women who were using oral contraceptives for at least I year and 40 women who were using copper T(Intrauterine contraceptive device). The mean age of women was (33.08 years).Forty non- contraceptive users participated in the study as a control group. They were drawn from the same population and matched for age with the contraceptive-users group. The serum level of ceruloplasmin (Cp) as antioxidant protein was significantly higher in women were using oral contraceptive than control group (60±0.16 mg/ell vs. 36.5±0.96 mg/dl, P<0.05) while the <lifference between the serum (Cp) in control and women using copper T is statically non significant P<0.05, also mean of serum copper in women were using contraceptive (18±0.612 µM/L) is significantly higher (P<0.01) than the mean of control (11.2±0.474 µM/L), while the difference between the serum copper in control and women using copper T is statically non signi ficant(P<O.O 1 ). On the other hand the serum vitamin C values in women using oral contraceptives and copper T(5.57±0.02 , 6±0.031 LM/L respectively) were significantly lower than control group(l 0.73± 0.09 µM/L, P<0.05.
Synthesis of New (1-alkylamino-4-phenyldithio-2-bntanol amine) andderivatives.
Authors: K. Abdullah Ebtihal
Published: September 2023

Anew series of(1-alkylamino-4-phenyldithio-2-bntanol amine) and derivatives,containing two functional groups (pheny ring and NCS2) here been prepared from a reaction by 3steps :- 1-In the first step the preparation of n-phenyl dithio carbamate (A) and derivatives from a reaction between Aniline and carbon disulfide in basic medium. 2-Then , preparation N-3-chloro-2-hydroxy propyl amine tt 3 )) and derivativel from reaction between N-3-chloro-2-hydroxy propylamine and epichloro hydrine in methanolic a queous.3-In three step :-preparation 1-Alkyi amino -4-phenyl dithio-2-butanol amine ( I-IV) from reaction between A,B,and derivatives in absolute methanol The aim:-preparation of new series of propanol amine derivative, these have effect onblood pressure ' and heart rate
Migraine as a common problem in adult age group in Baiji
Authors: Ali Salih Jawad
Published: September 2023

Migraine is a medical condition. most people who suffer from migrain get headache that can be quite severe. Data was collected randomly in Baiji hospital from June 2009 to September 2009 from 100 adult cases suffering from migraine (50 male and 50 female).The data was obtained by using questionnaire which contained many questions concerning the occurrence of headache. It was found that in 55% of male cases lhe auack or migraine started at age of 20 years, 26% at age of 30 years and 19% at age of above 30 years, while in female, the attack started at age or 20 years in 70% or cases, 18% at age of 30 years and 12% at age or above 30 years. A bout the aggravating factors or attack, in female the menstrual factor is most common cause as the menstruation is one of the most signi licant physiological factors that may trigger migraine, while in male, the stress and tension is most common cause of migraine attack. About the duration of attack, in most common cases the duration is less than one week in male and female. /\bout the self management which is used by these cases to relieve the headache, it was found that the most common cases in male was treated by avoiding the aggravating factors while in female treated by medication.
Synthesis of Substituted-4-chloromethylcoumarines ofAnticipated Antifungal Activity by Microwave or Infrared (IR)Irradiations
Authors: Ibrahim AL-Jobrry Ali
Published: September 2023

Rapid and selective free radical monochlorination of the (la-d) substituted -4-methyl coumarines was achieved using sodium hypochlorite under microwave conditions to synthesize substituted-4-chloromethyl coumarines(2a-d)of anticipated antifungal activity,while irradiation using the assistance of IR lamp was failed to chlorinate these derivatives. The advantages of Microwave irradiation provide shorter reaction times, and higher yields . The structures of these compounds were confirmed by IR&uv Spectrophotometei.
Isolation of Bacteria Causing Secondary Bacterial Infection In TheDry l ,esions Of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: S. Al-Bayati Abdullah , M. Al-juboori Osama , A. Ahmed Ahmed
Published: September 2023

Abstract Cutaneous loishrnaniasts (CL) is a parasitic disease characterized by single or multiple lesions,. Sc ontlay bacterial infection is one of the complications of the Jiscase that Can increase the titute destruction and the resultant sear. To determine effectively the u3cidence of real tamaindary bacterial infection in the dry type, of cutaneous leishmaniasis ,we designed the current study. This was a crusts-sectional study performed in the outpatient clinic of dermatology and vencriology nt Unit Teaching Hospital. A total of 37 patients with etinica3 diagnosis of Cutaneous leishmaniasis (dry type) were, carolled in this study. Samples were taken from all patients. The skin areas surrounding the lesions were thoroughly cleaned using cotton wool moistened with alcoholic iodine. After appropriate cleaning, the samples were collected aseptically by scraping of sterile swabs of the lesions All the samples were transferred uo Mac Cunkeys agar and blood agar_ After 24 hours incubation (aerobically& en aerobically) at 37 tIC, the species atilt bacteria were determined. Then site samples were transferred to Mueller-Hinton agar or nutrient agar for sensitivity test. After 24 hours incubation at 37 °C, the diameters of the inhibition zones were measured to determined the sensitivity Among the 37 patients with Cutaneous leislununiasis the results of the culture were positive in 12 patients (32.4%). 11 of them (91.6%) have more than one lesion and 9 patients (75%) of them were less than 5 years old. and 3 patients (25%) were more than 5 years old_ Bacteria isolated from the lesions were Staph. aureus in II patients (91.6%)( and all were sensitive to Rifampicin) and E.Coli in one patient (LI%) which was sensitive to Amikacin & Norlioxacini The incidence of secondary bacterial infection with a dry type of Cl., was (32.4%), (91.6%) of them had multiple lesions, and (75%) were less than 5 years old, The most common bacterial isolate was Staphylouocus ttureus
Effect of phenolic compounds Extractions of Green tea (Camellia sinesis 1) On the glutathione -S- Transferase Alloxan Experimental Induced-Diabetic Rabbit.
Authors: Abdulhameed Buthayna
Published: September 2023

Dinbeen Mellitus is considered as a member of oxidative stress syndroms. It is associated with an imbalance between types of roo radicals nd scavenger’ system. “This study showed the effect of the polyphenol compounds extracted from green tea (Camellia Sinesis L.) on alloxan induced diabetic rabbits to determine hei role in treatment of diabetes mellicis, their effect on enzymatic anticxidant and to know the histological effects on the diabetic kidney. The rabbits grou was divided into four groups, each group cossist of 7 rabbits. The first group was healthy rabbits (poral 2roup) as compared With secnd group The second group disbetic without treatment as control group wih the last three groups. The third group diabetic treated wit exmuct of green tea 100mp/k of body weight as single daily dose. The fourth grou diabetic treated wih extract of green tea 200mp/Ke of body weigh ws a single daily dose. After treatrent for twenty week blood and tissue sumples were taken for analysis and the result were as follow : There was signifisan desicase in GSTS

When polyphenal extract of green tea was used wilh dose rate 100mg (kg of body weight (fourth group) gave u significant increase (n<D.05 ) in all paruncters es ‘compared with, diabetic grou (without treatment ), The present results revealed thi alloan wos effectively induced disbetes by partial destruction of bells of pussies ‘which lead lo elevation of blood glense level. As consequence of hyperglycemia the abnormal effet was obvions in certain tissues in the body which wiributed to (he effect of diabetes Histological investigations shows that all he lesions in the kidney that result fiom diabetes such a hypertrophy. degensration ond hylanosis of hc glomeruli.
Diagnostic Yield of Transu rethral resection of prostatetransu rethral r esection of bladder tumor TURP and(TURBT) in Mosul Two Years Study
Authors: S. Hassan Intisar , Y. Suleiman Abdulkarem , A. Hassawi Bashar
Published: September 2023

Yield of TURP-TURBT (lransurethral resection of prostate transurethmal resection of bladder tumor) in Mosul has not been studied before. Prostatic & bladder cancers are increasing in this specific locality, to know their frequency and grades this study was donc. Four hundred and ninety TURP-TURBT chips were received, examined grossly, processed routinely, and then analyzed microscopically. The study was performed in Alzahrawi hospital - histopathology laboratories of Mosul city in Iraq between January 2006 and through December 2007. There were 320 (65.3%) were taken hy TURP and 170 (34.7%): were taken by TURBT (142 male and 28 female). Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the predominant TURP finding (282; 88.1% cases), while prostatic carcinoma was found in 38 (11.9%) cases. Most of the prostale cancer cases were received as high grades (Gleason's grade 4 and 5). Transitional cell carcinoma was the chief TURBT finding (149; 87.6'%). prostatic carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma are common in this locality. Most cases of prostate carcinoma were diagnosed as high grades.
Evaluation of Optical Window Integrity Under Wall Heat Flux of Scramjet Intake
Authors: Kim Gyeongrok , Shim Hanseul , Jung Sion , Park Gisu , Hong Min Tae
Published: September 2023

The structural integrity of sapphire optical windows was numerically and experimentally evaluated under the wall heat flux of the scramjet intake. The considered heating profile was [Formula: see text] during 60 s, and the heating profile for the numerical and experimental approaches was the same. A numerical study was performed using the finite element method; the numerical results predicted that the maximum temperature of the optical window under the heating condition was about 600 K, the maximum principal stress was less than the strength of the sapphire, and the failure of the optical window would not occur based on the brittle Coulomb–Mohr material failure theory. The heating test was performed using an electrical heater under the heating condition, and the morphology was investigated using scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. The experimental results indicated that no cracks or fractures occurred on the surface of the optical window after the heating test, except for a slight change in the shape and roughness of the microstructure.
On the Definition of Exergy in the Field of Aerodynamics
Authors: Berhouni Ilyès , Bailly Didier , Petropoulos Ilias
Published: September 2023

The exergy concept originates from the field of static thermodynamics and expresses the maximum theoretically recoverable mechanical work from a system while it evolves toward its dead thermodynamic state. It accounts for both mechanical and thermal mechanisms, and it allows to separate reversible and irreversible losses in the system’s transformations. The physical insight provided by this concept motivated the development of an exergy-based performance evaluation method in the field of aerodynamics. The resulting formulation has the advantage of being independent of the feasibility of a drag/thrust breakdown (ambiguous for highly integrated engine concepts) and includes thermal effects in the performance metrics. It, however, relies on an adapted definition of exergy, in particular involving a dead state in motion. This adapted definition is not trivial and raises theoretical concerns due to fundamental thermodynamic properties of exergy not being always satisfied. This paper aims at proposing a corrected version of this definition that ensures that the fundamental properties of exergy are respected. First, the exergy concept is presented alongside the concerns raised by its original adaptation, which, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, has been used in all exergy-based flowfield analyses in the field of applied aerodynamics. Then, an unsteady exergy balance is derived in the geocentric reference frame (in which there are no ambiguities in the definition of exergy) and then transformed to a reference frame in translation. The corrected adaptation of the exergy definition for aerodynamics applications is extracted from this transformation and the impact on the exergy balance is analyzed.
Hyperbolic Conduction and Radiation Heat Transfer in Axisymmetric Cylinders with Variable Properties
Authors: Lambou Ymeli Guillaume
Published: September 2023

This work investigates the combined mode of hyperbolic heat conduction and radiation transfer in a one-dimensional axisymmetric cylinder filled with absorbing, emitting, and scattering media. The volumetric radiation is investigated thanks to the semianalytic solution of the matrix formulation of the spherical harmonics equations [Formula: see text]. The governing hyperbolic energy equation is solved using the finite volume method (FVM) with Roe’s correction of interface fluxes in order to enhance the performances of the method, and the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been designed for comparisons. The effects of the parameters such as constant and spatial-dependent scattering albedos, temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, heat-generated sources, extinction, and the conduction–radiation parameter on both the temperature and heat flux distributions for steady and transient states within the medium are examined. The results of the present work are in excellent agreement with those available in the literature. The [Formula: see text] results are also compared to those obtained with the [Formula: see text] combination, and excellent agreement is obtained. These results show that the mentioned parameters have a significant effect on both the temperature profiles and the hyperbolic sharp wave front. This study also shows that the proposed layered approach is an efficient, fast, and accurate solution method for radiative analysis in inhomogeneous media, whereas the Roe’s correction of interface fluxes in the FVM is suitable to accommodate a thermal wave front in non-Fourier analysis.
Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT)
Authors: Okladnikova Evgenia V. , Merk Vladimir M. , Krivopalov Yuriy А. , Khorzhevskii Vladimir А. , Ruksha Tatiana G.
Published: September 2023

Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT) is rare histiocytic tumor characterized by the proliferation of indeterminate dendritic cells. It is more often diagnosed in middle-aged people, in approximately equal proportions in men and women. The etiology of IDCT is unknown. Differential diagnosis is carried out with other diseases that mimic IDCT and is important for determining treatment tactics. The present paper presents a clinical case of IDCT in a 48-year-old man. The similarity of skin manifestations in IDCT with other cutaneous pathologies requires an immunohistochemical study of the affected areas for CD1a, CD68, S100, Langerin expression evaluation as well as the presence of Birbeck's granules visualization. Routine histological examination does not sufficient for correct IDCT diagnostics.
Intervation with Physical Activity and Dietary Adolescent Obese Individuals with A-typical Autism
Authors: KARATAY Gülşen , ALP Hulusi
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to reveal the effect and importance of physical activity and diet program in adolescence obese individuals with A-typical autism. One of the single-subject research models, the single-start multiple probe model was used. The population of the study consists of children with A-typical autism between the ages of nine (9) and fourteen (14) living in Isparta. The sample of the study consisted of one (1) child who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. The study lasted for a total of seventeen (17) weeks, including the first week of pre-measurements and the implementation of an adapted physical activity and diet program for sixteen (16) weeks. As a data collection tool, the child's weight measurement was recorded with Tanita before each study. The data obtained at the end of the application were analyzed by showing them on the graph. Since the number of participants participating in the study was one (1), the data obtained in the seventeen (17) week period were converted into points in accordance with the scale protocol and turned into a line chart to reveal the change that occurred. At the end of the research, no change was observed in body weight without applying physical activity and diet program to the participant in the first week. With the physical activity and diet program applied to the participant for sixteen (16) weeks, a decrease of five (5) kilograms in the participant's body weight was detected. Factors such as the frequency of physical activity of the participant, dietary habits, awareness of parents, socio-economic status, and psycho-social are thought to be effective in this decrease in body weight.
Numerical simulation of atmospheric electricity problem with unknown ionosphere potential
Authors: Милешин И.Г. , Головизнин В.М. , Хапаев М.М.
Published: September 2023

В работе рассматриваются подходы к численному решению задачи о распределении электрического потенциала в рамках двумерной модели атмосферного участка глобальной электрической цепи. Для этой модели формулируется нестандартная стационарная эллиптическая краевая задача с неклассическим граничным условием. Для численного решения этой задачи, с целью изучения возможности и эффективности распараллеливания вычислений, используются два численных алгоритма на основе метода конечных элементов. Приводятся результаты расчетов для модельной задачи, в которой не учитываются особенности рельефа земной поверхности, используется простая модель проводимости и токов.

The paper considers approaches to the numerical solution of the problem of the distribution of the electric potential in the framework of a two-dimensional model of the atmospheric section of the global electrical circuit. For this model, a nonstandard stationary elliptic boundary value problem with a nonclassical boundary condition is formulated. For the numerical solution of this problem, in order to study the possibility and efficiency of parallelization of calculations, two numerical algorithms based on the finite element method are used. The results of calculations for a model problem are presented, in which the features of the earth’s surface topography are not taken into account, a simple model of conductivity and currents is used.
Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity of New Oxindole Sulfonamide Derivatives as Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Koraboina Chandra Prakash , Maddipati Venkatanarayana Chowdary , Annadurai Narendran , Gurská Soňa , Džubák Petr , Hajdúch Marián , Das Viswanath , Rambabu Gundla Rambabu Gundla
Published: September 2023

As a regulator of the dual function of apoptosis in B cells, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) was the first discovered tyrosine kinase. It continues to draw interest as a potential therapy for autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and malignancies connected to B cells. The pathogenic alterations in various cancer tissues depend on mutant BTK for cell proliferation and survival, and BTK is also overexpressed in a range of hematopoietic cells. Due to this, BTK is emerging as a potential drug target to treat various human diseases, and several reversible and irreversible inhibitors have been developed and are being developed. As a result, BTK inhibition, clinically validated as an anticancer treatment, is finding great interest in B-cell malignancies and solid tumours. This study focuses on the design and synthesis of new oxindole sulfonamide derivatives as promising inhibitors of BTK with negligible off-target effects. The most cytotoxic compounds with greater basicity were PID-4 (2.29 ± 0.52 µM), PID-6 (9.37 ± 2.47 µM), and PID-19 (2.64 ± 0.88 µM). These compounds caused a selective inhibition of Burkitt's lymphoma RAMOS cells without significant cytotoxicity in non-BTK cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines. Further, PID-4 showed promising activity in inhibiting BTK and downstream signalling cascades. As a potent inhibitor of Burkitt's lymphoma cells, PID-4 is a promising lead for developing novel chemotherapeutics.
Accelerating antibiotic discovery by leveraging machine learning models: Application to identify novel inorganic complexes
Authors: Nedyalkova Miroslava , Demirci Gözde , Cortat Youri , Schindler Kevin , Rhamani Fatlinda , Pavic Aleksandar , Zobi Fabio , Lattuada Marco
Published: September 2023

New antibiotics are required to combat the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. S. aureus is a Gram-positive pathogen that often displays multidrug resistance. Through conventional screening approaches, the discovery of new antibiotics against S. aureus has proven to be challenging. Molecular property prediction of novel antibiotics candidates by machine-learning (ML) methods has increased the rate at which such molecules are identified. The bottleneck of the existing approaches relies on the structure similarities for the existing antibiotics. Then the question about discovering and developing new unconventional antibiotic classes has challenged preconceptions about the scope and applicability of the existing methods. Herein, we developed an ML approach that predicts the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Re-complexes towards two S. aureus strains (ATCC 43300 - MRSA and ATCC 25923 - MSSA). In our framework, we tailored a Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) by inherently accounting for the structure features of the Re- complexes to develop a prediction model for antimicrobial activity assessment. Although our approach is demonstrated with a specific example based on the rhenium carbonyl complexes, the predictive model can be readily adapted to other candidate metal complexes. The developed model emphasizes the application of machine learning in the de novo design of a novel generation of antibiotic molecules with targeted activity against a challenging pathogen.
Virtual Screening for Promising Kinetic Stabilizers of Light Chains in Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis Through Drug Repurposing
Authors: Jeppesen Jonas , Steinmann Casper
Published: September 2023

In immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis, unstable immunoglobulin light chains aggregate as amyloid fibrils in organs, leading to organ failure and death in more than 50% of untreated patients. Research by Morgan et al. (Morgan, G. J. et. al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2019, 116, 8360–8369) and Yan et al. (Yan, N. L. et. al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2021, 64, 6273–6299) has shown that several classes of small molecules can be used as kinetic stabilizers of native light chains and potentially slow or stop the disease. Based on their criteria of a clinically successful kinetic stabilizer, this study includes an in-silico virtual screening of drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to find promising candidates of kinetic stabilizers through drug repurposing. Of these candidates, molecular dynamics simulations and subsequent studies of molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation suggest that delavirdine and pazopanib can potentially be used as kinetic stabilizers of native light chains.
Machine learning-based peptide-spectrum match rescoring opens up the immunopeptidome
Authors: Adams Charlotte , Laukens Kris , Bittremieux Wout , Boonen Kurt
Published: September 2023

Immunopeptidomics is a key technology in the discovery of targets for immunotherapy and vaccine development. However, identifying immunopeptides remains challenging due to their non-tryptic nature, which results in distinct spectral characteristics. Moreover, the absence of strict digestion rules leads to extensive search spaces, further amplified by the incorporation of somatic mutations, pathogen genomes, unannotated open reading frames, and post-translational modifications. This inflation in search space leads to an increase in random high-scoring matches, resulting in fewer identifications at a given false discovery rate. Peptide-spectrum match rescoring has emerged as a machine learning-based solution to address challenges in mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidomics data analysis. It involves post-processing unfiltered spectrum annotations to better distinguish between correct and incorrect peptide-spectrum matches. Recently, features based on predicted peptidoform properties, including fragment ion intensities, retention time, and collisional cross section, have been used to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of immunopeptide identification. In this review, we describe the diverse bioinformatics pipelines that are currently available for peptide-spectrum match rescoring and discuss how they can be used for the analysis of immunopeptidomics data. Finally, we provide insights into current and future machine learning solutions to boost immunopeptide identification.
BONAPARTE robot: improving the reproducibility and identifying critical parameters of the synthesis of gold nanoparticles
Authors: Dankov Asen , Hensen Laurin , Aydin Mert , Choi Namhyun , Giesler Helene , Toker Dennis , Schlücker Sebastian , Grzeschik Roland
Published: September 2023

In order to exploit the unique optical properties of gold nanoparticles, precise size and shape control is required. We have designed and constructed the highly customizable BONAPARTE (BOttom-up NAnoPARTiclE synthesis robot, which consists of components that are easy to obtain and cost-effective. Using the robot, critical reaction parameters such as pipetting speed, position and delays were examined. We found that the effect of both the pipetting speed and position have an influence on the final gold cluster size. The effect of the cluster size on the length of gold nanorods was investigated in a two-step seed-growth synthesis. Additionally, we showed time-critical steps in the synthesis of gold nanostars, can be performed with superior accuracy by the robot. Overall, the robot displayed improved reproducibility when compared to nanoparticle synthesis performed manually by persons of different experience.
TOKSİK LİDERLİĞİN İŞ YAŞAM KALİTESİ ÜZERİNDEN MESLEKİ TÜKENMİŞLİK ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ
Authors: ABDURREZZAK Seyfettin , AKKUŞ Yasin
Published: September 2023

Liderlik yaklaşımları çeşitli kategoriler ve gruplar altında toplanabilmektedir. Liderlik türleri yapıcı liderlik ve yıkıcı liderlik olmak üzere ana kategori altında kendilerine yer bulabilmektedir. Yıkıcı liderlik türleri ise liderliğin daha çok karanlık yüzünü oluşturmaktadır. Demogog lider, narsist lider ve toksik lider; yıkıcı liderlik türlerine örnek olarak gösterilebilmektedir. Araştırmacılar tarafından liderliğin karanlık yüzü aydınlık yüzüne göre daha az incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu karanlık yüzün diğer organizasyonal davranış değişkenleri ile olan muhtemel ilişkilerinin de çok fazla irdelenmediği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle organizasyonda kendisi ile birlikte tüm izleyenlerini zehirleyen toksik liderin organizasyon içeresindeki olası etkilerin araştırılması gerekmektedir. Toksik liderliğe maruz kalan izleyenlerin mesleki anlamda tükenmişliğe doğru yol alması beklenmektedir. Bu yol alma sürecinde izleyenin iş yaşam kalitesinin bir etkisinin bulunup bulunmadığı ise sürecin bir diğer boyutunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada Uzunköprü’de görev yapan öğretmenlerin toksik liderliğe maruziyetleri, toksik liderliğin mesleki tükenmişlik üzerindeki doğrudan etkileri ve toksik liderliğin mesleki tükenmişliğe iş yaşam kalitesi üzerinden dolaylı etkileri incelenmektedir. Uzunköprü ilçesinde görev yapan 201 öğretmenin katılımıyla gerçekleşen araştırma Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (SEM) ve en küçük kareler (PLS) yöntemleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Toksik Liderliğin İş Yaşam Kalitesi üzerinde doğrudan ve İş Yaşam Kalitesi üzerinden Mesleki Tükenmişlik üzerinde dolaylı olarak etkilerinin bulunduğu ortaya konulmaktadır.
Structure shows that the BIR2 domain of E3 ligase XIAP binds across the RIPK2 kinase dimer interface
Authors: Lethier Mathilde , Huard Karine , Hons Michael , Favier Adrien , Brutscher Bernhard , Boeri Erba Elisabetta , Abbott Derek W , Cusack Stephen , Pellegrini Erika
Published: September 2023

RIPK2 is an essential adaptor for NOD signalling and its kinase domain is a drug target for NOD-related diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. However, recent work indicates that the phosphorylation activity of RIPK2 is dispensable for signalling and that inhibitors of both RIPK2 activity and RIPK2 ubiquitination prevent the essential interaction between RIPK2 and the BIR2 domain of XIAP, the key RIPK2 ubiquitin E3 ligase. Moreover, XIAP BIR2 antagonists also block this interaction. To reveal the molecular mechanisms involved, we combined native mass spectrometry, NMR, and cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of the RIPK2 kinase BIR2 domain complex and validated the interface with in cellulo assays. The structure shows that BIR2 binds across the RIPK2 kinase antiparallel dimer and provides an explanation for both inhibitory mechanisms. It also highlights why phosphorylation of the kinase activation loop is dispensable for signalling while revealing the structural role of RIPK2–K209 residue in the RIPK2–XIAP BIR2 interaction. Our results clarify the features of the RIPK2 conformation essential for its role as a scaffold protein for ubiquitination.
The Impact of the Implementation of Internal Audit Tasks According to Standard 2300 on the Efficiency of the Performance of Industrial Companies Listed on Amman Stock Exchange
Authors: Atta Haider Mohammad Ali Bani , Shaqra Islam Muhammad Mahmoud Abu
Published: September 2023

Purpose:  To determine the impact of the implementation of internal audit tasks in according to standard 2300, with its dimensions (identifying information, analysis and evaluation, documenting information, supervising the task) on the efficiency of the performance of industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange, and to achieve the objectives of the study.

 

Methodology: The descriptive approach was used Analytical. The study population consisted of internal auditors in industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange, which numbered (56) companies, and the study sample consisted of (160) questionnaires distributed to workers in the job of (internal auditor, director of internal audit and head of the internal audit department) in the Jordanian industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange, from which (124) questionnaires were retrieved. In addition to (2) an incomplete questionnaire, all the information contained therein. Thus, the study sample consisted of 122 individuals. To test the hypotheses of the study, the researcher used the SPSS program ، through the simple regression test and the Three-way Anova test. The study reached results there is a statistically significant relationship to determine the information, analysis and evaluation on the performance efficiency of the industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. 

 

Findings: While showed, there is no statistically significant relationship to document information and supervise the task on the performance efficiency of industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange.

 

Further research: In view of the results, the study recommended the need to support the internal audit department in Jordanian industrial companies.and More studies are needed.
Trace element and strontium and barium isotopic variability of CM chondrites Aguas Zarcas and NWA 11346: Insights from stepwise acid leaching
Authors:   , McGovern Liam
Published: September 2023

Carbonaceous chondrite meteorites represent unmelted but variably metamorphosed aggregates of a diverse range of the earliest solids of the solar system, including matrix, chondrules, calcium-aluminium inclusions and exotic presolar grains. As such, they preserve a record of the inventory of materials that were first brought together in the evolving protoplanetary disk then were subjected to processes such as thermal and aqueous alteration on their parent body. To gain further insights into the elemental and isotopic variability of primitive meteorites and their components, stepwise acid leaching experiments were carried out on pre-rain collected 2019 fall CM2 Aguas Zarcas and anomalous-CM find NWA 11346 carbonaceous chondrites. Pre-rain collected fall samples of primitive meteorites in particular are exceptionally rare; thus the Aguas Zarcas sample provides an excellent opportunity to study materials essentially unaffected by any terrestrial alteration imprint. Acid leachates and bulk samples were analysed for trace elements (including the rare earth elements) via ICP-MS, while Sr and Ba isotopes were measured using TIMS. Trace element variations reveal diverse compositions for bulk samples and their leachates, interpreted to reflect differing parent body histories and the contrasting impacts of terrestrial contamination. Sr isotopic analysis of leach fractions yields variable (primordial) µ84Sr values compared to the NBS987 terrestrial standard, ranging from +326 to -2089 ppm in Aguas Zarcas and from +46 to -559 ppm in NWA 11346. Both Aguas Zarcas and NWA 11346 show the strongest depletions of µ84Sr in the strongest acid leachates; however, the variability of µ84Sr among Aguas Zarcas leachates differs from the same leaching steps for NWA 11346. Bulk meteorite Sr isotopic analysis of Aguas Zarcas and NWA 11346 yields values indistinguishable from the standard. For Ba isotopes, bulk Aguas Zarcas shows resolvable depletions in 130Ba, 135Ba, 137Ba and 138Ba, while NWA 11346 shows similar depletions in 135Ba, 137Ba and 138Ba. Early Aguas Zarcas leachates are characterised by positive anomalies of 130Ba, 132Ba, 135Ba, 137Ba and 138Ba (up to +2295 ppm µ130Ba). In contrast, final leachates of both samples show strong depletions for the same nuclides, the largest of which are -60,000 ppm µ130Ba in Aguas Zarcas and -4370 ppm µ130Ba in NWA 11346. The Sr and Ba isotopic variability between samples and their respective leachates suggests input from multiple nucleosynthetic sources, highlighting the diversity among CM chondrites and the heterogenous distribution of nuclides in the protoplanetary disk.
BUMDesa Policy Innovation to Increase Village Authenticity in a Neo-Institutionalism Perspective
Authors: Irawan Jairi , Wardiyanto Bintaro , Setijaningrum Erna
Published: September 2023

This study aims to identify policy innovations in BUMDesa and their contribution to increasing village original income (PADesa). This study uses exploratory qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with actors who are directly involved with BUMDesa Larasati and related external parties. The results of the research were then analyzed using the perspective of Neo-Institutionalism. This study found that the policy innovations formulated and implemented by BUM Desa Larasati were inseparable from the role of critical actors within the Village Head of Kendalbulur. The Village Head has full support from internal BUMDesa and the Village Consultative Body—in addition to interactions with external institutions such as the Tulungagung DPMD, Banking, and PT. POS, East Java Village BUM Clinic, makes it easy to make policies. Policy innovation has significantly increased PADesa in the last three years. BUM Desa Larasati is already a legal entity and is ready to compete with other agencies. For this reason, synergy is needed between OPD and the private sector regarding assistance to BUM Desa so that human resources and their existence are properly maintained.How to cite item: Irawan, Jairi, Bintoro Wardiyanto, and Erna Setijaningrum. “BUMDesa Policy Innovation to Increase Village Authenticity in a Neo-Institutionalism Perspective.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum. 14 no. 1 (2023):9-20. DOI: 10.26905/idjch.v14i1.9871.
Legal Problems Related to Mineral and Coal Mining Permits
Authors: Dalimunte Abdillah , AZ Mohammad Ghufron , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: September 2023

The issues that will be discussed in this research include what are the legal implications of transferring the authority to issue mining permits after the latest publication and what are the regulations regarding mining permits after mining permits are issued. The purpose of this study is to provide a review of legal changes related to the Mineral and Coal Mining Law. This study uses normative legal research methods with several approaches, namely the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. As a result of the transfer of the issuance of mining permits to the central government, it appears that this is aimed at unraveling licensing issues which will later facilitate the investment climate in Indonesia so as to increase Indonesia's economic growth. The impact that occurs is the authority owned by the local government where currently the local government does not have attributive authority in terms of issuing mining permits. Harmonization of Mining Business Permit arrangements means seeking conformity or harmony between laws and regulations so that overlapping regulations do not occur and as a process of establishing laws and regulations to address conflicting matters among the legal norms that have been in effect.How to cite item: Dalimunte, Abdillah, Mohammad Gufron AZ, Supriyadi, “Legal Problems Related to Mineral and Coal Mining Permits.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 14 no. 1 (2023): 76-85. DOI: 10.26905/idjch.v14i1.9872.
Model Countermeasures Children which Commit Crimes in Review Restorative Justice
Authors: Kaimudin Arfan , Ashsyarofi Hisbul Luthfi
Published: September 2023

This study describes the model settlement of cases through non-penal channels for crimes committed by children according to Act 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System with prioritizing restorative justice so that children who commit crimes are not stigmatized negatively. The Juvenile Criminal Justice System concept has included solving problems in a family manner or for children in conflict with the law, formally known as diversion. Diversion exists to divert the settlement of child cases from the criminal justice process to processes outside criminal justice. Diversion exists to prevent children who conflict with the law from the negative impacts of the criminal justice process on children. United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile (The Beijing Rules) have provided guidelines to prevent children in conflict with the law from negative impacts, namely by giving law enforcers the authority to take action in handling or resolving the problems the child offenders by not taking courts, among others stopping or not continuing or releasing or returning or handing over to society and other forms of social service activities.How to cite item: Kaimuddin, Arfan, and Hisbul Luthfi Ashsyarofi. “Model Countermeasures Children Who Commit Crimes in Review Restorative Justice.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 14 no. 2(2023): 134-145. DOI: 10.26905/v14i2.10783.