bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETEKSI DINI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI DI PESANTREN TAPAK SUNAN JAKARTA TIMUR TAHUN 2019
Authors: Silawati Vivi , Nurpadilah  , Surtini
Published: July 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini merupakan kegiatan rutin yang dilakukan oleh dosen dengan mengikutsertakan mahasiswa dalam kegiatan tersebut. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk merubah sikap baik dari segi Kognitif, Afektif dan Konatif dari orang tua dan guru, metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, simulasi dan tanya jawab. Hasil dari kegiatan ini semua peserta sangat tertib mendengarkan paparan materi dan antusias saat bertanya maupun menjawab pertanyaan dan mereka mengatakan kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kewaspadaan mereka terhadap perkembangan dan pertumbuhan anak yang tidak sesuai.
PENYULUHAN PENGGUNAAN KONDOM PADA WANITA PEKERJA SEKS TIDAK LANGSUNG DALAM PENANGGULANGAN HIV DI BANDUNG
Authors: Indrayani Triana , Pratiwi Melinda Yussa , Widiningsih Fathia , Fitriyani Septi
Published: July 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini merupakan kegiatan rutin yang dilakukan oleh dosen dengan mengikutsertakan mahasiswa dalam kegiatan tersebut. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk merubah sikap baik dari segi Kognitif, Afektif dan Konatif dari mahasiswa maupun Wanita Pekerja Seks Tidak Langsung (WPS-TL), metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, simulasi dan tanya jawab. Hasil dari kegiatan ini semua peserta sangat tertib mendengarkan paparan materi dan antusias saat bertanya maupun menjawab pertanyaan dan mereka mengatakan kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kewaspadaan mereka terhadap penularan penyakit HIV.
PERAN PUSTAKAWAN DALAM PERKEMBANGAN PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Manaf S
Published: July 2020

Peran Pustakawan, semakin berkembang dari waktu ke waktu. Kini pustakawan tidak hannya melayani sirkulasi buku, tetapi dituntut untuk dapat memberikan informasi secara cepat, tepat, akurat, dan efisen dari segi waktu dan biaya. Pustakawan di tuntut untuk mengembangkan kopetensi yang ada dalam dirinya guna mendukung pelaksanaan program tridarma perguruan tinggi. Kopetensi dan pranpustakawan sangat berperan dalam mendukung tercapainya visi perguruan tinggi. Dalam tulisan ini dipaparkan dan di jelaskan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan kopetensi dan peran pustakawan dalam mendukung terwujudnya perguruan tinggi bertaraf internasional. Di jelaskan pula permasalahan yang di hadapi pustakawan, analisis masalah, solusi, serta upaya yang harus dilakukan guna meraih tujuan dalam mendukung perguruan tinggi bertaraf internasional.
PEMIKIRAN TOKOH PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Basyar Syaripudin
Published: July 2020

Pendidikan adalah bimbingan, kepemimpinan, dari pendidik kepada siswa dengan perkembangan fisik dan spritual, pendidikan membentuk karakter, sifat, dan, perilaku siswa secara sistematis. Pendidikan adalah pengembangan siswa untuk mengembangkan potensi, alasan. Dan kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh siswa. Dalam dunia pendidikan ada beberapa tokoh dalam ilmu pendidikan. Memahami pendidikan adalah upaya sadar dan terencana untuk menciptakan suasana proses pembelajaran bagi siswa untuk secara aktif mengembangkan potensi mereka untuk memiliki kekuatan spritual, kontrol diri, kepribadian, kecerdasan, karakter mulia, dan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan oleh diri mereka sendiri dan masyarakat. Pengertian pendidikan dapat diartikan sebagai efferot yang sadar dan sistematis untuk mencapai standar hidup atau untuk program yang lebih baik, sederhananya, memahami pendidikan adalah proses pembelajaran bagi siswa untuk dapat memahami, dan membuat manusia lebih kritis dalam berpikir.
A brief history of porcelain enamel: from artistic enamel to technical enamelling
Authors: Rossi Stefano , Russo Francesca , Monzio Compagnoni Attilio
Published: July 2020

Porcelain enamel is a glassy material deposited on a metallic substrate and fired at high temperatures (500-900 °C) to form a stable and permanent bond with it through chemical-physical reaction. This coating was developed in ancient times for decorative purposes and it was mainly used to embellish precious objects with colourful and glossy finishing as if to imitate the shining of precious stones. Only from 1760 enamelling of metal objects began to play a technical role. Nowadays vitreous enamel coatings are widely used and appreciated for high-duty technological applications, as they provide good corrosion protection of the covered substrates and they can withstand chemical attack, abrasion, and degradation caused by external agents, maintaining their aesthetical properties unchanged in time. This work is to introduce and describe the history of enamelling from ancient times to the modern era, revealing the glorious past of this material for decorative purposes and its use as a technical coating from the First Industrial Revolution onward. 
 
传感器技术在中药研究中的应用
Authors: 郝 逗逗 , 王 耘
Published: July 2020

传感器技术在中药研究中有多方面的应用价值,当前相关研究主要集中在运用传感器技术检测中药质量和中药五味物质基础研究。其中,运用气体传感器进行的药材气味鉴别研究最为广泛,可以有效实现药材基源、储存运输、炮制等各项质量检测。由于金属氧化物传感器灵敏、稳定的特点,已被运用于电子舌、电子鼻的产品研发中。未来,有望结合物联网建立中药质量监控系统、开发标准的中药传感器规格,在家庭用药指导服务和辅助评价药效上发挥作用。
PERAN SERTA PKK DALAM MENSEJAHTERAKAN KAUM LANJUT USIA
Authors: Susilawati Endang Yuliana
Published: July 2020

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa penyuluhan hukum ini dilakukan karena tanggungjawab mensosialisasikan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, khususnya undangundangnomor 13 tahun 1998 tentang Kesejahteraan Lanjut Usia yang meski telah berusiadua puluh tahun namun belum banyak diketahui oleh masyarakat. Kegiatan ini bertujuanmemberikan pengetahuan dan menjadikan paham tentang adanya kewajiban kita sebagaiwarga masyarakat untuk turut berperan serta dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan kaum lanjutusia sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam undang-undang tersebut. Mitra kegiatan adalah PKKdesa Malangjiwan, kecamatan Colomadu, kabupaten karanganyar. Metode yang digunakanadalah ceramah dan diskusi. Hasilnya bisa dipahamkan bahwa upaya meningkatkankesejahteraan kaum lanjut usia merupakan tanggungjawab pemerintah, namun dukungan danperan serta masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan untuk mewujud nyatakannya.Kata kunci: upaya, peningkatan, kesejahteraan, lanjut usia
桑珠岭隧道高地温隔热衬砌施工技术
Authors: 范 辉
Published: July 2020

新建川藏铁路拉萨至林芝段桑珠岭隧道一号横洞工区主要不良地质为高地温。针对高地温隧道特点，现场在普通支护体系基础上，通过增加保温隔热材料及原衬砌表面铺设一层隔热层等施工措施，以减少隧道围岩的热量向隧道内传递；其次增加隔热层混凝土防裂钢筋、优化混凝土配合比等措施降低混凝土水化热，以及适当延长洒水养护时间，加强混凝土保湿养护等综合施工措施，减少混凝土裂缝的产生与发展；达到隔绝岩温，降低环温，保障施工质量的目的。通过此段隔热衬砌施工，探索总结出了高地温隧道隔热衬砌施工有效的技术手段，取得了良好的施工效果，为其它高温隧道隔热衬砌施工提供有力的技术支撑和借鉴意义。
节约理念在市政园林建设中的应用
Authors: 郑 彩光
Published: July 2020

近年来，我国加大了改革开放的力度，从而推动了各个行业的稳步健康发展，在此过程中使得环境污染问题越发的凸显出来，为了有效的解决这一问题，人们对环保工作越发的重视。将节约理念切实的引用到市政园林工程建设工作之中，能够有效的提升市政园林绿化方案的规范性，提高园林绿化工作的整体效果。市政园林建设涉及到的方面较多，具有较强的综合性，在组织开展市政园林建设工作的时候，需要从各个细节入手来加强管控力度，秉承节约原则设计出切实可行的施工方案。在实际组织开展市政园林建设工作的时候，恰当的选择绿植的种类，增强绿地的覆盖面积也是节约理念中的一个重要内容。大部分市政园林建设工作施工人员对于工程的美观性过分的重视，从而会忽视因地制宜的观念，这样就会造成大量的绿植种植之后不能正常的生长，最终就会导致大量的经济损失。所以，在开展市政园林建设工作的时候，要对生态环境加以综合分析研究，利用有效的方式方法来提升园林绿化的经济和社会效益。
扁平宽幅现浇箱梁桥横梁计算分析
Authors: 王 军伟
Published: July 2020

为了研究无支座单箱多室宽幅现浇箱梁横梁受力情况，旨在简化横梁静力计算便于工程实践，以一联三跨等截面宽幅无支座现浇箱梁桥为例，使用midas Civil 2019程序按照空间实用理论简化为平面杆系模型进行计算分析，为同类单箱多室现浇箱梁横梁的设计计算提供参考。
粗粒土强度与级配分形特性研究
Authors: 黄 鑫
Published: July 2020

粗粒土级配是影响抗剪强度的重要因素之一。在分形理论的基础上，为了探究粗粒土级配与抗剪强度间的相关性规律，设计了五组不同级配的试样，并通过粒度分形曲线求得其分形维数。以室内大三轴试验进行研究，获得了内摩擦角和粘聚力随分形维数增大而减小的变化规律。并通过理论推导获取分形维数与不均匀系数Cu及曲率系数Cc的定量关系式，当分形维数位于(1.89,2.63]这个区间时，可认为级配是良好的。
浅析建筑工程招标代理的质量管理策略
Authors: 刘 利果
Published: July 2020

随着中国经济社会的不断发展，城镇化的速度有了很大的提升，建筑工程项目的建设规模和建设的数量越来越多，对于工程项目的建造施工来说，项目的招标是非常重要和关键的，因此随着行业的发展建筑工程项目的施工招标代理机构也得到了很快的发展。作为建筑行业发展阶段的一个重要内容，项目招投标决定着工程项目建设的单位，可以说它与建筑工程项目的质量和建筑市场的发展甚至经济社会的正常秩序都密切相关，是建筑行业稳定、健康、可持续发展的一个根本保障。所以说必须要采取切实有效的方式强化对建筑工程项目招标代理的监督和管理，以便更高水平的提高投标代理的服务水平和质量，这一文章主要分析了中国目前的招标代理机构在运行的过程中存在的一些问题，还讨论和阐述了建筑工程项目的招标代理的质量管理的有效手段。
浅谈某金矿硫代硫酸盐法浸金工艺
Authors: 赵 举峰 , 朱 延胜
Published: July 2020

随着市场经济的快速发展，消费市场对黄金的需求越来越高，金矿产业得以重点开发，综合多方因素硫代硫酸盐法成为了当前备受青睐的浸金工艺。文章简要概述了金矿浸金硫代硫酸盐法，分析了该方法浸金的工艺技术，并提出了相关工艺改进的发展趋势，希望为金矿开发企业提高产量提供借鉴。
红格钒钛磁铁矿选铁精矿工艺矿物学特征探析
Authors: 李 强
Published: July 2020

红格钒钛磁铁矿中含有大量的橄辉石和其蚀变矿物，因而导致矿石的结构构造和嵌布特征较为复杂，直接增加了选矿的难度。在此背景下，深入探析选铁精矿工艺矿物学特征，基于具体的工艺流程，从铁精矿的物质成分和矿物学特征入手，展开相应的实验分析，为铁精矿的选冶工艺和综合利用提供参考。
互联网+智慧矿山发展方向分析
Authors: 卫 超
Published: July 2020

我国对于智慧矿山的开发起步较晚，为此现阶段还都在建设的初级阶段，因此在各个煤矿企业当中存在较多的系统，并且没有一个统一的规范进行约束，从而无法对一些有着潜在巨大价值的大数据进行挖掘和分析，也无法为煤矿企业提供重大灾害的及时预警，为此需要在未来明确利用互联网技术来实现智慧矿山的发展方向，文章介绍了智慧矿山的建设内容，从而帮助相关领域的工作人员明确发展方向。
汽车电子机械制动器的效能分析
Authors: 刘 栋良
Published: July 2020

近年来，在各方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国综合国力得到了显著的发展，从而推动了社会经济的飞速发展和民众生活水平的提升，在这种形势下为我国汽车产业的良好发展打下了坚实的基础，专业人士也加大了汽车制动技术的研究。汽车的制动器与车辆行驶的稳定性和安全性存在密切的关联，所以为了确保民众的人身安全就需要对汽车制动系统加以切实的关注。就以往汽车制动器研究结果我们发现，以往老旧的液压制动器的制动效果很显然已经无法满足汽车制动的实际需要了，所以我们需要研发更高性能的电子机械制动器来提升车辆的制动效果。一个完整的汽车制动系统涉及到：防抱死系统、驱动防滑系统等等。在怎对汽车电子机械制动性能不断深入研究的过程中，我们可以从各个分支系统入手来加强整体系统的研究，从而促进电子机械制动器性能的不断提升，推动汽车行驶安全性的提高，为整个汽车行业的稳步健康发展创造良好的基础。
浅析竣工资料编制及管理的重要性
Authors: 李 园园
Published: July 2020

通过参与西安市某建设工程及多年在施工单位从事竣工资料的编制、收集、整理以及归档工作，提高了对工程竣工资料工作的重要性、规范性和标准性的认识，为今后建设工程竣工资料的归档工作提供借鉴。
数据中心基础设施建设的规划阶段管理分析
Authors: 周 平春
Published: July 2020

在信息化建设的背景下，多元化网络设施、信息技术等组合在一处，称之为数据中心。文中以数据中心相关设施建设为基础，研究其管理的有效规划方案，以企业案例为分析视角，探索数据中心相应设施所具有的优势，以此增强企业运行能力，促进企业在规划阶段管理工作中，获得数据中心科学技术的辅助力量，促进企业良好发展。
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SPECIAL AUTONOMY OF PAPUA PROVINCE FROM THE ASPECT OF IMPROVING PUBLIC SERVICES
Authors: Prabowo Purwoko Aji , Supriyono Bambang , Muluk M.R. Khairul , Noor Irwan
Published: July 2020

This research is motivated by the implementation of special autonomy in Papua Province to overcome the unequal welfare problems compared to other provinces in Indonesia. The welfare issues raised in this study cover the fields of education, health, finance, and infrastructure. This research views the special autonomy policy of Papua Province as the formation of institutions, the transfer of authority, and financial management to improve the welfare of the community. Therefore, this study aims to explain the facts related to institutions, authority, and financial management in Special Autonomy in Papua Province to improve the welfare of the community. This research was conducted an assessment program activities approach and data collection through in-depth interviews and documents. Institutions and powers to make welfare include institutions and authorities in terms of education, health, finance, and infrastructure, each of which is carried out by the education office, health office, special autonomy bureau of the regional secretariat and regional financial and asset management agencies, and public works services. Meanwhile, financial arrangements in terms of education are carried out with formal and non-formal PAUD financial allocations (5%), 6-year compulsory basic education in elementary school (35%), 3 years of junior high school (25%), high school (10%), Vocational High Schools (5%), Non-formal and Informal Education (10%), other relevant Higher Education and Education (10%), health is carried out with a 15% fund allocation, the finance is carried out with a 25% fund allocation, and infrastructure is allocated funds of 20%.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CoTi(1-X)Mn(X)O3 AS A RADAR ABSORBING MATERIAL
Authors: Apit Maspin , Bura Romie Oktovianus , Adi Wisnu Ari , Ajiesastra Raden Andhika
Published: July 2020

To avoid detection from Radio Detection and Ranging (Radar), one of the efforts is to use Radar absorbing material. One of the Radar wave absorbing materials is Perovskite CoTiO3. This Paper investigated the ability of CoTi(1-x)Mn(x)O3 to absorb the Radar wave. CoTi(1-x)Mn(x)O3 with variations x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 have been successfully synthesized using the mechanical milling method. The XRD pattern shows that the sample formed was single phase CoTiO3. Surface morphology resulting from measurements with SEM shows homogeneous particles and an average size of 200 nm. The results of measurements with VNA at X-band frequency (8.20 GHz - 12.4 GHz) show that the absorption ability of electromagnetic waves from CoTiO3 increases with the increase in doping from Mn4+. Maximum results obtained at the composition x=0.03 (CoTi0.97Mn0.03O3) with a reflection loss (RL) value is -14.56 dB (%Abs is 81.3%) at a frequency of 9.96 GHz. This result proves that CoTi(1-x)Mn(x)O3 can be used as a Radar absorbing material at X-band frequency.
INDONESIAN DIASPORA EMPOWERMENT: A CONCEPT IN STRENGTHENING DIPLOMACY FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE
Authors: Andayani Lily
Published: July 2020

The existence of the Indonesian Diaspora abroad cannot be separated from the development of the global environment. The global constellation dynamically moves ahead with the complexity of inter-correlation and inter-implication multi-dimensional of the state, with non-military, military, and hybrid potential threats. The rapid progress of transportation and information technology, and cyber technology well as has become escalating turbulence over global dynamics. This context is an urgency for Indonesia to utilize Indonesian Diaspora for national interests and national defense. This paper aims to analyze the empowerment of Indonesian Diaspora in strengthening diplomacy for national defense. The author uses a qualitative approach by raising the theory of empowerment and diplomacy elaborated with the rights and obligations of defending the country upon the Indonesian Diaspora. Various data and information from literature and other open sources are used in this paper. Some of the emerging phenomena related to the Indonesian Diaspora are contested with the development of public diplomacy practices correlated with challenges and threats in the approach of national security and defense. The conclusion portrays the importance of continuing the empowerment of the Indonesian Diaspora in strengthening efforts to fight for and protect national interests, including national defense.
Monitoring of clonal evolution of acute myeloid leukemia identifies the leukemia subtype, clinical outcome and potential new drug targets for post-remission strategies or relapse
Authors: Esther Onecha  , Inmaculada Rapado  , María Luz Morales  , Gonzalo Carreño-Tarragona  , Pilar Martinez-Sanchez  , Xabier Gutierrez  , José María Sáchez Pina  , María Linares  , Miguel Gallardo  , Joaquín Martinez-López  , Rosa Ayala
Published: July 2020

In cases of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the utility of mutational profiling in primary refractoriness and relapse is not established. We undertook a perspective study using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of clinical follow-up samples (n=91) from 23 patients with AML with therapeutic failure to cytarabine plus idarubicin or fludarabine.
Cases of primary refractoriness to treatment were associated with a lower number of DNA variants at diagnosis than cases of relapse (median 1.67 and 3.21, respectively, p=0.029). The most frequently affected pathways in patients with primary refractoriness were signaling, transcription and tumor suppression, whereas methylation and splicing pathways were mainly implicated in relapsed patients. New therapeutic targets, either by an approved drug or within clinical trials, were not identified in any of the cases of refractoriness (0/10); however, 8 potential new targets were found in 5 relapsed patients (5/13) (p=0.027): 1 IDH2, 3 SF3B1, 2 KRAS, 1 KIT and 1 JAK2.
Sixty-five percent of all variants detected at diagnosis were not detected at complete response (CR). Specifically, 100% of variants in EZH2, RUNX1, VHL, FLT3, ETV6, U2AF1, PHF6 and SF3B1 disappeared at CR, indicating their potential use as markers to evaluate minimal residual disease (MRD) for follow-up of AML.
Molecular follow-up using a custom NGS myeloid panel of 32 genes in the post-treatment evaluation of AML can help in the stratification of prognostic risk, the selection of MRD markers to monitor the response to treatment and guide post-remission strategies targeting AML, and the selection of new drugs for leukemia relapse.
Effect of Nitrogen Rates and Leaf Clipping on Forage and Grain Yield, and Seed Quality of Transplant Aman Rice
Authors: Karmaker Banani , Karmakar Biswajit
Published: July 2020

Sustainable fodder production is difficult from limited cultivable land occupied for food grain production. This paper presents the results of the experiment designed to test the hypothesis that forage could be produced along rice grain from the same rice field. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of N-rates and leaf clipping on forage and grain yield; and seed quality of transplant Aman (wet season) rice. Four nitrogen (N) rates (N1=46, N2=69, N3=92 and N4=115 kg N ha-1) and four times of leaf clipping viz, C0=No leaf clipping, C1=leaf clipping at 25 DAT (Days after transplanting), C2=40 and C3=55 DAT were evaluated following split-plot design with three replications. BRRI dhan41 was used in the experiment. N rates, leaf clipping times and its interaction had significant effects on forage and grain yield, yield components and seed quality except thousand grain weight. The results revealed that forage yield increased with increasing N rates and leaf clipping times. Grain yield was higher in higher N rates and early leaf clippings, however, it was decreased in the late clipping (55 DAT). The highest mean grain yield (5.25 t ha-1) was obtained from the treatment combination of 115 kg N ha-1 (N4) and no leaf clipping (N4C0) which was statistically similar (5.18 t ha-1) to N3C0 (5.18 t ha-1), N3C1 (5.10 t ha-1) and N4C1 (5.06 t ha-1). The lowest mean grain yield (3.17 t ha-1) was obtained from N1C3. Grain yield was reduced by 3, 6 and 24% in C1, C2 and C3, respectively compared to C0 (No leaf clipping). Qualitative characters (germination and vigour index) of seed increased with increased N rates, however it decreased in the delayed leaf cuttings. Application of 92 to 115 kg N ha-1 with early leaf clipping (25 to 40 DAT) might be allowed to attain moderate forage yield, higher grain yield, and quality seed of transplant Aman rice.

Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 49-57
Custom Hire Service Business of Rice Combine Harvester in Haor Basin of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam AKMS , Bhuiyan MGK , Kamruzzaman M , Alam MA , Rahman MA
Published: July 2020

Mechanization is a vital issue to modernize agriculture. The entrepreneurship development is imperative to provide service to the farmers at an affordable price, especially in haor areas. The study was conceived to estimate the combine harvester's rental charge and payback period. Data were collected from 86 rice fields harvested by a whole-feed combine harvester (Model: Zoomlion) in Mithamain upazila under the Kishoreganj district representing haor area of Bangladesh. Land size, operational time, loss time, repair time, idle time, daily area coverage and constraints of harvester machine were also recorded to predict the business viability of combine harvester. The rental charge and payback period was calculated following standard protocol to make business venture profitable. The perception of farmers regarding the prospect of using combine harvester in harvesting has been recorded through personal interviews. The field capacity of combine harvester was observed as 0.20 ha hr-1. Field efficiency of combine harvester depended on the land size. The daily area coverage can be increased after careful selection of the plots. Fuel consumption was found 4.18 l ha-1. Operational consolidation is the best approach to reduce the time of movement resulting in increased daily area coverage. Seasonal use of combine harvester in one locality of the study area was observed for 22 days. The rental charge of the machine was estimated as 10,000 Tk ha-1 and payback period was 3.5 years for the area coverage of 40 ha rice fields. Farmers would be able to save 40% harvesting cost for the rental charge of Tk 10,000 ha-1. Combine harvester rental service has emerged as a viable business model in the haor basin. Whole-feed (Zoomlion model) combine harvester appeared as an effective, economical, and labour-saving harvesting machine in the haor region land tenure system.

Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 65-75
Identification of Ideal Trial Sites and Wide Adaptable T. Aus Rice Genotypes Suitable for Bangladesh
Authors: Khatun M , Ahmed MME , Syed MA , Akter F , Das S , Haq ME , Dipti SS
Published: July 2020

GGE biplot study is an effective tool for many crops including rice to identify mega-environments, ideal trial site and suitable genotypes for general and specific adaptation. An attempt was made to find promising T. Aus rice genotypes having suitable grain quality, better agronomic parameters and ideal test location for T. Aus rice growing areas. In this study, a total of 11 promising genotypes along with two popular cultivars BR26 and BRRI dhan48 were tested across six locations; Cumilla, Gazipur, Rajshahi, Rangpur in T. Aus 2016 and 2017 whereas Habiganj and Kushtia only in T. Aus 2017 season. From GGE biplot study, BRRI RS, Rajshahi (E8) was the most discriminating and ideal location for evaluating T. Aus rice genotypes in Bangladesh condition while BRRI RS, Cumilla 2016 (E1) showed the least discriminating ability and the least representative location. From two years combination data, BR9011-19-1-2 (G6) recorded the highest average grain yield (5.11±0.68 t ha-1) but BR9011-46-2-2 (G2) was the most stable genotype having grain yield (4.97±0.62 t ha-1) and other stable genotypes with above average yield were BR9011-67-4-1 (G5), BR9011-34-3-2 (G1), BRRI dhan48 (G13), BR9039-28-3-2 (G9) and BR9039-9-1-3 (G8) indicated that these genotypes adapted to favourable environments. BR26 (G12) was found highly variable and less stable across the test environments. In addition, agronomic trait (plant height, growth duration) and grain quality traits were also considered for suitability and wider adaptation in T. Aus growing areas in Bangladesh. BR9011-46-2-2 (G2) and BR9011-19-1-2 (G6) were the better genotypes in most of the locations but, considering all of the parameters, the newly developed rice breeding line BR9011-67-4-1 (G5) has been identified as suitable genotype to release as a new variety for sustainable T. Aus rice production in Bangladesh.

Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 77-85
Relationship of heart rate variability with iron status in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Munni Halima Akter , Begum Shelina
Published: July 2020

Background: Clustering of some most dreadful cardiovascular risk factors gives rise to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Higher iron status and impaired cardiac autonomic status may important play role in increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity in this group of patients.

Objective: To observe the relationship of HRV with iron status in patients with MetS.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from March, 2019 to February, 2020. For this study, 35 MetS female patients aged 25 to 45 years were enrolled in MetS group and equal number of age and sex matched apparently healthy subjects constituted control group. For evaluation of iron status, serum iron, serum ferritin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation (Tsat) were measured by autoanalyzer. HRV was assessed by Powerlab 8/35, AD instruments, Australia. Data were expressed as mean±SD. Statistical analysis was done by Independent sample ‘t’ test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test as applicable.

Results: In this study, resting pulse rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly (p<0.001) higher and mean heart rate, standard deviation of the RR intervals (SDRR),mean R-R interval, standard deviation of the difference betweensuccessive RR intervals (SDSD), square root of mean squared differences of successive RR intervals (RMSSD), proportion of difference of successive RR interval greater than 50 ms (pRR50) were significantly (p<0.001) lower in MetS patients compared to control. Among the parameters of iron status, serum ferritin was significantly (p£<0.05) higher and TIBCwas significantly(p<0.05) lower in MetS patients in comparison to control. On correlation analysis, only the TIBC showed significant positive correlation with mean RR interval, SDRR, CVRR, SDSD, RMSSD, pRR50 (p<0.05) in MetS patients.

Conclusion: This study reveals that poor parasympathetic activity is related to higher iron status in metabolic syndrome patients.

J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2020, June; 15(1): 46-53
Effect of Fish Oil on The Serum Urea Level in Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Long Evans Rats
Authors: Ahmed Md Shameem , Yasmin Ayesha , Ahmed Md Ashraf , Ashrafuzzaman - , Mustafa Rashed , Matin Md Abdul , Khatun Margina
Published: July 2020

Background: Gentamicin is used worldwide as bactericidal agent against severe gram negative infections. Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity can be minimized by administration dietary fish oil.

Objectives: The present study was designed to observe the possible potential effect of Fish oil on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in Long Evans rats.

Materials and Methods: The experimental study was carried out in the department of anatomy at Dhaka Medical College (DMC) among 40 Long Evans rats of both sex with the weight ranges from 172-255 gm and the age ranges from 7 to 10 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups-Group A (normal control) received normal saline, group B, C and D received gentamicin for 6 days. Rats of group C received fish oil capsule for 9 days with gentamicin and group D received fish oil capsule with gentamicin for total 10 days. Serum urea level was measured at the end of experiment.

Results: The serum urea (mean±SD) levels in group A, B, C and D was 4.79±0.32, 12.41±1.22, 6.95±0.91 and 6.18±1.00, respectively. The gentamicin treated rats (group B) had shown increased serum urea levels in comparison to fish oil (group C&D) treated rats. The difference between groups were highly significant (P<0.001) for group A&B, A&C, B&C and B&D. The difference between groups A&D (P<0.01) were moderately significant. Whereas the difference between C&D (P>0.05) was not significant.

Conclusion: Fish oil treatment showed some protective effects against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. The results also indicated that effectiveness of fish oil depends on a suitable duration of pretreatment.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-2, July 2020, Page 83-86
Cortical Mastoidectomy with Tympanoplasty in the Management of Chronic Mucosal Otitis Media
Authors: Mahbub Muntasir , Zobair Abdullah Al , Mannan Nabila , Haque Md Mahmudul , Ahmed Khabir Uddin
Published: July 2020

Background: Cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty is considered the standard of treatment in case of active mucosal chronic otitis media, refractory to medical treatment. Objective: Aim for this study was to find out the efficacy of cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty in the management of chronic mucosal otitis media.

Materials and Methods: This is an observational study conducted from January 2016 to July 2016. Total 50 patients were included in this study. Inclusion criteria was diagnosed cases of mucosal chronic otitis media with persistent ear discharge, adequate medical treatment, age between 15-60 years of both sexes. All the patients underwent cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty, and patients were followed up to 12 weeks to evaluate graft take rate and compare pre-operative and post-operative hearing status.

Results: In this study male to female ratio was 1.17:1. Mean age of study group was 30.66 ( 9.62) years. Graft uptake was successful in 43 (87%) and in 07 (14%) graft didn't take. Graft take rate was highest in 15-30 years age group. Mean preoperative and post-operative air bone gap were 28.45 (7.69) dB and 25.30 ( 8.5) dB respectively.

Conclusion: Cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty shows good outcome in aspects of disease clearance and graft uptake success in chronic mucosal otitis media. Although hearing gain occurs in most cases, it is rather modest.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-2, July 2020, Page 91-95
Effect of Low Dose Ketamine on Propofol Injection Pain: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Sazzad , Rahman Md Afzalur , Islam Syed Ariful , Munira Sanzida , Hasan Mohammad Iftakhairul , Mandal Muhammad Alamgir
Published: July 2020

Background: Propofol, most frequently used intravenous anesthetic for induction of routine elective surgical procedure. Pain on propofol injection (POPI) still remains a considerable concern for the anesthesiologist. A number of techniques has been tried to minimize propofol-induced pain with variable results.

Objective: This study was performed to determine the effect of ketamine on reducing pain on propofol injection (POPI) at the onset of anesthesia.

Materials and Methods: A total of 80 adult healthy patients were selected in this study of either sex, scheduled for routine elective ENT surgery under general anesthesia. The patients enrolled were divided randomly into two groups of 40 patients each. Group I (ketamine group) received 10 mg intravenous ketamine in 10 ml normal saline. Group II (placebo group) received 10 ml of 0.9% intravenous normal saline. Then the patients were induced with propofol and asked to report their pain during injection of propofol and recorded according to the Mc Cririck and Hunter scale.

Results: The incidence of pain experienced in ketamine group was 10% patients and in saline group was 60% patients, which is statistically significant p<0.05. The severity of POPI was also lower in ketamine group than the saline group (p<0.05). The incidence of mild and moderate pain in ketamine group versus saline group was 7.5% versus 45% and 2.5% versus 15% respectively p<0.05. There was no severe pain recorded in any groups.

Conclusion:Intravenous ketamine in low dose before induction of general anesthesia can be effective medication in reducing pain on propofol injection.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-2, July 2020, Page 96-99
Doppler Ultrasonography in Subfertile Male
Authors: Sharif Md Mofazzal , Sudipta Omarandra Saha , Rahman Md Towhidur , Khatun Mst Monira , Rekha Khaleda Parvin
Published: July 2020

Imaging modality, especially Doppler Ultrasonography is a widely used and well tolerated modality for evaluation of pathologic conditions of the testes. Recent technical advances of US applications and post processing developments have enabled new aspects in the structural and functional analysis of testicular tissue and therefore male fertility. This review covers the most relevant approaches regarding Doppler ultrasonography of testis due to recent technical advances.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-2, July 2020, Page 100-103
Game Over a la forma de entender lo museal
Authors: García Olivares Gerardo Jesús
Published: July 2020

Esta contribución se centra en una de las preguntas planteadas en este debate:  ¿qué pueden aprender las instituciones culturales al interactuar con otros agentes culturales y con proyectos liderados por colectivos sociales? ¿Y en sentido inverso?, buscando dar respuesta con un ejemplo concreto llevado a cabo por un colectivo en relación con un museo.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang DHF Menggunakan Metode Audiovisual terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Anak
Authors: Warsini Warsini , Sriwiyati Lilik
Published: July 2020

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia selama 47 tahun terakhir. Peningkatan  kasus sudah terjadi sejak tahun 1968 dan masih terjadi sampai tahun 2015. Salah satu alternatif untuk menurunkan angka penderita DBD adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan melalui pendidikan kesehatan. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang DHF menggunakan metode audiovisual terhadap tingkat  pengetahuan anak. Jenis penelitian analitik observasional yaitu quasi experiment dengan desain pre post experimental. Subyek penelitian adalah murid kelas IV di SDN Gentan 01 sebanyak 46 anak yang diambil menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai pengetahuan responden sesudah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan media audiovisual (Mean= 82,39; SD= 7,58) lebih besar daripada sebelum pemberian pendidikan kesehatan (Mean= 76,09; SD= 9,00) dengan Effect Size (Cohens’d)= 1,1753 dan p=0,001. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang DHF menggunakan metode audiovisual terhadap tingkat  pengetahuan anak (p= 0,001; CI 95% -8,391 hingga -4,218).
Evaluation of the role of ischemia modified albumin in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Talat Mohamed A. , Saleh Rabab M. , Shehab Mohammed M. , Khalifa Naglaa A. , Sakr Maha Mahmoud Hamed , Elmesalamy Walaa M.
Published: July 2020

Background: Birth asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal mortality. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels may have a predictive role in the identification and prevention of hypoxic disorders, as they increase in cases of ischemia of the liver, heart, brain, bowel, and kidney.Purpose: This study aimed to assess the value of IMA levels as a diagnostic marker for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Methods: Sixty newborns who fulfilled 3 or more of the clinical and biochemical criteria and developed HIE as defined by Levene staging were included in our study as the asphyxia group. Neonates with congenital malformation, systemic infection, intrauterine growth retardation, low-birth weight, cardiac or hemolytic disease, family history of neurological diseases, congenital or perinatal infections, preeclampsia, diabetes, and renal diseases were excluded from the study. Sixty healthy neonates matched for gestational age and with no maternal history of illness, established respiration at birth, and an Apgar score ≥7 at 1 and 5 minutes were included as the control group. IMA was determined by double-antibody enzymelinked immunosorbent assay of a cord blood sample collected within 30 minutes after birth.Results: Cord blood IMA levels were higher in asphyxiated newborns than in controls (250.83±36.07 pmol/mL vs. 120.24±38.9 pmol/mL). Comparison of IMA levels by HIE stage revealed a highly significant difference among them (207.3±26.65, 259.28±11.68, 294.99±4.41 pmol/mL for mild, moderate, and severe, respectively). At a cutoff of 197.6 pmol/mL, the sensitivity was 84.5%, specificity was 86%, positive predictive value was 82.8%, negative predictive value was 88.3%, and area under the curve was 0.963 (P<0.001).Conclusion: IMA levels can be a reliable marker for the early diagnosis of neonatal HIE and can be a predictor of injury severity.
Theorie Des Risques En Droit Français: Observations Sur L’application De L’adage Res Perit Debitori
Authors: ÇELEBİ Özgün
Published: July 2020

En droit français, la théorie des risques se réfère à la question de savoir si, dans le cadre d’un contrat synallagmatique, le créancier de l’obligation caractéristique du contrat qui s’est éteinte pour cause d’un empêchement fortuit demeure néanmoins tenu d’exécuter sa propre obligation. Conformément au principe de réciprocité entre les obligations, le droit français a adopté, en la matière, la règle res perit debitori : le risque est sur le débiteur, et le créancier de l’obligation inexécutée doit aussi être libéré de sa propre obligation. Néanmoins, l’interprétation de la règle res perit debitori conformément à sa ratio legis, en d’autres termes, au principe de la justice commutative devant guider les contrats synallagmatiques peut parfois mener au maintien de l’obligation du créancier, en dépit de la disparition de l’obligation du débiteur. En droit français, certains textes et décisions se rapportant essentiellement sur le contrat d’entreprise et les contrats de transport adoptent cette idée et font application de la règle res perit debitori de manière nuancée, suivant que le créancier a pu ou non obtenir un bénéfice des actes de préparation du débiteur, alors même que ces actes ne puissent pas être qualifiés d’« exécution » au sens juridique du terme. Cette ligne consistante que l’on voit dans quelques textes et décisions éparses nous ramène vers un principe sur la règle res perit debitori, qui peut être appliqué aux cas pour lesquels il n’existe pas de disposition spéciale : dans les cas où le risque de la contreprestation est sur le débiteur, la libération du créancier nécessite de vérifier si les efforts du débiteur ne lui ont pas fourni de bénéfice.
Health Technology Assessment of smart canes for visually challenged in India
Authors: Choudhary Fareen , Mukherjee Kanchan
Published: July 2020

India has an estimated 4.6 million blind persons and over 35 million with visually impairment. Safe, independent mobility when performing everyday tasks is one of the greatest challenges faced by the visually impaired. A smart cane is an assistive technology device which is helpful in obstacle detection and warning. Cost of a white cane is INR 150 (USD 2), while a smart cane costs INR 3000-3500 (USD 40–47) in the Indian market. The government policy initiatives at providing free smart canes is a huge expenditure. Hence, a Health Technology assessment (HTA) with a mixed methods approach using economic evaluation and in depth qualitative interviews was conducted. The study results showed that the current smart canes are not cost-effective and have limitations in usability, require good training requirement. This evidence would be useful for policy makers, providers, and manufacturers of smart canes in India for changes in product design.
Accurate Motion Control of a Pneumatic Linear Peristaltic Actuator
Authors: Falcão Carneiro João , Bravo Pinto João , Gomes de Almeida Fernando
Published: July 2020

Pneumatic linear peristaltic actuators can offer some potential advantages when compared with conventional ones. The low cost, virtually unlimited stroke and easy implementation of curved motion profiles are among those benefits. On the downside, these actuators suffer high mechanical stress that can lead to short service life and increased leakage among chambers during the actuator lifetime. One way to cope with this problem is to impose the force—instead of the displacement—between rollers, as this has been shown to improve the endurance of the hose while reducing leakage during the actuator lifetime. This paper presents closed control loop results using such a setup. Previous studies with linear peristaltic actuators have revealed that, although it is possible to reach zero steady state error to constant references with closed loop control, the dynamic response obtained is very slow. This paper is mainly focused on this topic, namely on the development of several control laws to improve the dynamic performance of the system while avoiding limit cycles. The new developed control law leads to an average time of 1.67 s to reach a 0.1 mm error band in an experiment consisting of a series of 16 steps ranging from 0.02 to 0.32 m in amplitude.
Assessment of Agro-Morphologic Performance, Genetic Parameters and Clustering Pattern of Newly Developed Blast Resistant Rice Lines Tested in Four Environments
Authors: Sabri Raieah Saiyedah , Rafii Mohd Y. , Ismail Mohd Razi , Yusuff Oladosu , Chukwu Samuel C. , Hasan Nor’Aishah
Published: July 2020

Multi-environmental yield trial is very vital in assessing newly developed rice lines for its adaptability and stability across environments especially prior to release of the newly developed variety for commercial cultivation. The growth performance and phenotypic variability of these genotypes are the combination of environment, genotype and genotype by environment (G×E) interaction factors. Thus, evaluation creates an opportunity for effective selection of superior genotypes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the newly developed blast resistant rice lines in varied environmental conditions, precisely measure the response of the advanced lines in multiple environments and classify the genotypes into groups that could serve as varieties for commercial cultivation. Genetic materials included 18 improved blast resistant rice lines and the recipient parent MR219. The total of 19 newly developed genotypes was evaluated under four varied environments in Peninsular Malaysia. The experiments were carried out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at each environment. Data were collected on the vegetative, yield and yield component traits. Descriptive statistics (mean performance) and analysis of variance were conducted using SAS Software version 9.4. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients, phenotypic variance component, heritability and genetic advance were also determined. Analysis of variance revealed that all traits were significantly different for genotypes except days to maturity, number of filled grains and total number of grains. Meanwhile, all the traits differed significantly for genotype × environment (G×E) except number of tillers per hill and number of panicles per hill. Low heritability (<30%) was found for all the traits. Similarly, low genetic advance was also observed for all the traits except for number of tillers per hill and number of panicles per hill. yield per hectare had significant and positive correlation with most evaluated traits except for days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and number of unfilled grains. Cluster analysis classified the 19 evaluated genotypes into six groups. Therefore, the six clusters/groups of genotypes were recommended as varieties for commercial cultivation in Malaysia and other rice growing regions.
The Impact of Antioxidant Supplementation and Heat Stress on Carcass Characteristics, Muscle Nutritional Profile and Functionality of Lamb Meat
Authors: Chauhan Surinder S. , Dunshea Frank R. , Plozza Tim E. , Hopkins David L. , Ponnampalam Eric N.
Published: July 2020

The impact of antioxidant supplementation and short-term heat stress on lamb body weight gain, meat nutritional profile and functionality (storage stability of lipids and colour) of lamb meat was investigated. A total of 48 crossbred ((Merino × Border Leicester) × Dorset) lambs (42 ± 2 kg body weight, 7 mo age) were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments (n = 16) by liveweight (LW) that differed in dosage of vitamin E and selenium (Se) in the diet. Vitamin E and Se levels in the control (CON), moderate (MOD) and supranutritional (SUP) dietary treatments were 28, 130 and 228 mg/kg DM as α-tocopherol acetate and 0.16, 0.66 and 1.16 mg Se as SelPlex™/kg DM, respectively. After four weeks of feeding in individual pens, including one week of adaptation, lambs were exposed to two heat treatments. Animals were moved to metabolism cages for one week and subjected to heat treatments: thermoneutral (TN; 18–21 °C and 40–50% relative humidity) and heat stress (HS; 28–40 °C and 30–40% relative humidity) conditions, respectively. Final LW and hot carcass weight were influenced by dietary treatments with higher final live weight (FLW) (p = 0.05; 46.8 vs. 44.4 and 43.8 kg, respectively) and hot carcass weight (HCW) (p = 0.01; 22.5 vs. 21.3 and 21.0 kg, respectively) recorded in lambs fed the SUP as opposed to the CON and MOD diets. Vitamin E concentration in the longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle tended to be higher in lambs fed MOD or SUP diets than the CON group. Lipid oxidation of aged meat at 72 h of simulated retail display was reduced by antioxidant supplementation. Short-term (one week) heat stress treatment significantly increased muscle linoleic acid and total omega-6 concentrations compared with the CON group. The results demonstrate that four-week antioxidant supplementation at the SUP level improved animal productivity by increasing LW and carcass weight and the functionality of meat exhibited by reduced lipid oxidation. An increase in muscle omega-6 fatty acid concentration from short-term heat stress may induce oxidative stress via proinflammatory action.
Association between Attitude and Empathy with the Quality of Human-Livestock Interactions
Authors: Leon Andres Felipe , Sanchez Jorge Alberto , Romero Marlyn H.
Published: July 2020

The human-animal interactions are a key component of human and animal welfare. The quality of this interaction can therefore be assessed by measuring the reaction response of the animals to the handler’s behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between attitude and empathy towards the animals with the quality of human-livestock interactions. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether the quality of cattle handling deteriorates as the working day progresses. A total of 18 livestock handlers and 1514 Colombian commercial Zebu steers were evaluated. A questionnaire pack consisting of 50 questions regarding demographic information, attitude and empathy characteristics was applied, using a structured interview. Each handlers’ responses to positive and negative attitude and empathy questions were calculated to produce a composite score. Observations of human-animal interactions were made at three times during the day (5:00, 7:00 and 9:00), each observation lasting 30 min. The handlers had an average age of 39.4 ± 3.4 y (range = 18–66 y), with little schooling but a lot of experience in the trade (17.13 ± 14.21 y). During handling, hitting, prodding and hand raising predominated over other actions (p < 0.05), and in response, the cattle behaved by freezing and running. Significant differences were found in the interactions used by handlers depending on the time of day (p < 0.05). The empathy total score ranged from 20 to 100, and the attitude total score between 24 and 120. The average attitude and empathy scores for handlers were 85.05 ± 6.92 (mean ±SD; range, 73–97) and 74.61 ± 4.72 (mean ±SD; range, 65–83), respectively. It has been concluded that there is an association between handlers’ attitudes and empathy towards animals and the quality of human-animal interaction during pre-slaughter.
Antimicrobial Property and Mode of Action of the Skin Peptides of the Sado Wrinkled Frog, Glandirana susurra, against Animal and Plant Pathogens
Authors: Ogawa Daisuke , Suzuki Manami , Inamura Yuriko , Saito Kaito , Hasunuma Itaru , Kobayashi Tetsuya , Kikuyama Sakae , Iwamuro Shawichi
Published: July 2020

The Sado wrinkled frog Glandirana susurra has recently been classified as a new frog species endemic to Sado Island, Japan. In this study, we cloned 12 cDNAs encoding the biosynthetic precursors for brevinin-2SSa–2SSd, esculentin-2SSa, ranatuerin-2SSa, brevinin-1SSa–1SSd, granuliberin-SSa, and bradykinin-SSa from the skin of G. susurra. Among these antimicrobial peptides, we focused on brevinin-2SSb, ranatuerin-2SSa, and granuliberin-SSa, using their synthetic replicates to examine their activities against different reference strains of pathogenic microorganisms that infect animals and plants. In broth microdilution assays, brevinin-2SSb displayed antimicrobial activities against animal pathogens Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans and plant pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, and Pyricularia oryzae. Ranatuerin-2SSa and granuliberin-SSa were active against C. albicans and C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, and granuliberin-SSa also was active against the other plant pathogenic microbes. Scanning electron microscopic observations demonstrated that brevinin-2SSb, ranatuerin-2SSa, and granuliberin-SSa induced morphological abnormalities on the cell surface in a wide range of the reference pathogens. To assess the bacterial-endotoxin-binding ability of the peptides, we developed an enzyme-linked endotoxin-binding assay system and demonstrated that brevinin-2SSb and ranatuerin-2SSa both exhibited high affinity to lipopolysaccharide and moderate affinity to lipoteichoic acid.