bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burzliwe losy ikonostasów projektu Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego oraz ikon Sotyrysa Pantopulosa wykonanych dla katedry prawosławnej pw. Narodzenia Przenajświętszej Bogurodzicy we Wrocławiu oraz cerkwi pw. Narodzenia Najświętszej Marii Panny w Gródku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska, Siemieniec Anna
Published: July 2021

Contemporary Orthodox church art in Poland is an issue that influences many areas of research. Current research focuses both on the work of individual artists, as well as on new formal solutions used by them, and aimed at enriching the Orthodox tradition. Apart from Jerzy Nowosielski and Adam Stalony-Dobrzański, who contributed to the renaissance of Orthodox church art in Poland, the works of Sotyrys Pantopulos and their correct attribution also deserve more attention. Two sets of icons depicting the Pantocrator and the Virgin Mary painted in 1969 by Pantopulos for the iconostasis designed by Stalony-Dobrzański for the Orthodox Cathedral of the Nativity of the Most Holy Mother of God in Wrocław and the Orthodox Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary in Gródek near Białystok are examples of this. For many years their authorship was mainly attributed to Stalony-Dobrzański. Today, both pairs of icons found a secondary location as a result of the reconstruction of an iconostasis (Gródek, 1995) or its dismantling (Wrocław, 2019) – in this case, according to the opinion of the church’s custodians, as a structure that does not meet the requirements of the Orthodox liturgy. For that reason art historians have an urgent task to bring the importance of these works to public attention, and ultimately to have them entered into the heritage register. It appears that this is the only chance to preserve this legacy in an unchanged condition.
Сезонні акумулятори тепла в схемах теплопостачання приватних житлових будинків
Authors: Дем'яненко Ю.І. , Дуднік Т.В.
Published: July 2021

Стаття присвячена вибору сезонного акумулятора тепла (САТ) для первинного контуру теплового насосу в системі опалення та гарячого водопостачання приватного житлового будинку. В Україні в індивідуальному житловому будівництві впровадження найсучасніших ефективних систем акумуляції енергії стримується значною вартістю обладнання та відсутністю державної підтримки. Проте неухильне зростання тарифів на енергоносії спонукає домогосподарів до пошуку прийнятних варіантів САТ серед того, що пропонується споживачеві на вітчизняному ринку технологій та обладнання відновлюваної енергетики. Перехід на відновлювані джерела енергії (ВДЕ) супроводжує додаткове енергетичне завдання – узгодження нестабільних ВДЕ з навантаженням, яке також змінюється і впродовж доби, і впродовж року. Це особливо притаманне краї­нам, що потребують опалення в холодну пору року. Потужність, що генерується більшістю ВДЕ, істотно залежить від мінливих природних явищ. В статті запропонована німецька технологія крижаного теплоакумулятора – Wärmepumpe Eisspeicher-System. Вона розроблена спеціалістами фірми Viessmann як реакція на заборону німецьким природоохоронним відомством ґрунтових теплових насосів – як колекторних, так і з ґрунтовими зондами. В умовах густонаселеної Німеччини і високої вартості землі, відчуження значних її площ для улаштування первинних контурів ТН є неприйнятним – земля виводиться з сільськогосподарського обігу – і суперечить державним інтересам. Тому використання крижаних акумуляторів як первинних контурів ТН знімає проблему як прямої, так і опосередкованої екологічної шкоди. Наведені в статті розрахунки теплового балансу первинного контуру теплового насосу Eisspeicher-System для найхолоднішого місяця опалювального періоду підтверджують можливість функціонування системи опалення та ГВП у моновалентному режимі
“Patavium virum me fecit” – Padova come luogo di formazione delle antiche élite polacche
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polonia, Tygielski Wojciech
Published: July 2021

Using the Atti della Nazione Polacca at the University of Padua as a main source, the author describes the role that this university played in the education of students from the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth from the 16th to 18th centuries. According to the author’s research, this role was crucial in the 16th century, when a significant part of Polish elites included a stay at this university in their curriculum. In the 17th century, the number of students from Poland-Lithuania studying in Padua decreased slowly but continuously, and in the 18th century, the number was marginal. In the period under discussion, the social structure of this group significantly changed: students looking to acquire knowledge that was necessary for their future professional career were gradually replaced by young men of aristocratic and noble families, for whom a visit in Padua, be it long or short, was only a stage in their educational European Grand Tour. According to the author, this can be explained by intellectual changes in Polish-Lithuanian society: a general and rather superficial education was gradually preferred to university-based and professionally-provided knowledge. A study of selected travel diaries supplemented and confirmed the results of the presented statistical analysis. All Polish travellers visiting Padua in the 16th and 17th centuries described the University and considered it as the most important institution of the city; meetings with compatriot students were also often mentioned. Later on, the University was no longer the obvious subject of the descriptions and 18th-century travellers often did not even mention it at all. Nevertheless, there is still available evidence that the Polish presence in Padua, although reduced, was visible and important for the city.
Historical Stories of Modern Memorial Wars in the Post-Soviet Space
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kompleev A. V.
Published: July 2021

The author analyzes the process of the collapse of a single system of historical images that developed during the Soviet period and the reasons for the increase in memorial wars in the Post-Soviet space. It is concluded that historical stories and images related to the Great Patriotic War are widely used in modern memorial wars in the Post-Soviet space.
Core Concepts of History Didactics and Historical Education in Intercultural Perspectives: Review of the International Scientific Conference (Graz, November 11–14, 2020)
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Linchenko A. A.
Published: July 2021

The article is a review of the main theoretical discussions of the international scientific conference on history didactics, which was organized at the University of Graz (Austria) at the end of 2020. The results of the conference indicate the presence of transformational processes taking place in history didactics. This is true both in relation to its basic concepts (historical consciousness, historical thinking, historical culture) and the methods of teaching history. The main trends of this transformation can be called the central role of issues of intercultural dialogue and cognition in history lessons, the comprehensive use of the digital environment in teaching history, the migration focus of history education and the widespread dissemination of ethical issues, the history of everyday life in history lessons. It was noted that this aspects are correlated with the development trends of modern memory studies, which gives hope for further correlation and mutual enrichment of the two discourses.
Radiotagging a long-distance migratory characid fish: reproduction after surgery, tag losses, and effects in weight
Authors: Peressin Alexandre , Lopes João de Magalhães , Bedore Alessandra Gomes , Alves Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas , Prado Ivo Gavião , Pompeu Paulo Santos
Published: July 2021

Abstract Although biotelemetry studies bring useful information, tagging is a highly invasive procedure. For this reason, we assess if intracoelomic tagging alters survivorship, weight gain and/or reproductive capacity of a neotropical migratory fish. In August 2016, 60 fish were equally and randomly distributed among 3 treatments: Control (anesthesia), sham surgery (anesthesia and surgery), and true surgery (anesthesia, surgery and tagging). Surveys for weight and tag expulsion were performed periodically from surgery through spawning (November/2016), with a final survey occurring in May/2017. Mortality was higher in true surgery (25% died) and for males. Twenty percent expelled tags, and initial weight loss followed by gain were verified for all treatments. Females of all treatments spawned, and fecundity and fertility were not different. Then, future studies should consider the losses due to death and tag expulsion when defining the sample number. We also encourage further investigations about differences in mortality between sex and weight variation, as well as any other factor that leads to increase in mortality. This is the first study that investigated tagging effects in reproduction of neotropical fishes, and since the methods and tags used are not species-specific, we infer that similar effects could occur in other species.
Morphological divergences as drivers of diet segregation between two sympatric species of Serrapinnus (Characidae: Cheirodontinae) in macrophyte stands in a neotropical floodplain lake
Authors: Kliemann Bruna Caroline Kotz , Galdioli Eliana Maria , Bialetzki Andréa , Delariva Rosilene Luciana
Published: July 2021

Abstract Diet and morphology of Serrapinnus notomelas and Serrapinnus sp.1 were investigated across ontogeny, as a way to elucidate the key elements linked to the resource partitioning (a main driver for species coexistence). Fish sampling was conducted monthly between October 2010 and March 2012. Individuals were captured, identified, and classified into juvenile or adult. Our results show ontogenetic and interspecific differences in feeding abilities and morphological traits. Differences in body shape (relative area of the dorsal fin, length of head, height of the caudal peduncle, the aspect ratio of the pectoral and pelvic fin) favored divergent swimming performances (more maneuverability in S. notomelas and continuous swimming to Serrapinnus sp.1). We also observed divergences in trophic apparatus traits and correlations with different diets. In this context, it is highlighted that understanding the relationship between morphology and diet can assist in elucidating the processes that permeate the coexistence between sympatric species, and between ontogenetic periods. Besides, the relevant contribution of the measures of the trophic apparatus (gill raker length, the number of teeth cuspids, and intestinal coefficient) in trophic segregation seems to be a strong evidence in favor of the proposed discriminatory and predictive capacities of these traits.
Trial running starts on London’s Elizabeth line prior to phased opening in 2022
Authors: Wild Mark
Published: July 2021

Trial train running has started on the delayed £19 billion Elizabeth line in London, UK. Mark Wild, chief executive officer of client Crossrail Ltd, says the central section will start operating in the first half of 2022 followed by the rest of the line by the end of the year.
Physicians’ opinions on the necessity of COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Asadi‐Pooya Ali A. , Sahraian Ali , Badv Reza Shervin , Sahraian Mohamad Ali
Published: July 2021

Objective. The aim of the current study was to investigate the opinions of neurologists and psychiatrists in Iran on the necessity of COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with epilepsy (PWE). These data can help policy makers understand the concerns of these healthcare professionals.

Methods. This was a survey study. On September 1st, 2020 we sent a questionnaire (using Google‐forms) to all neurologists and psychiatrists in Iran via WhatsApp. The survey included three general questions (age, sex, and discipline) and six COVID‐specific questions.

Results. In total, 202 physicians participated in this study (116 neurologists and 86 psychiatrists). Of the participants, 27% believed that PWE are at increased risk of contracting COVID‐19. The majority (74%) of the participants would confidently recommend COVID‐19 vaccine to their patients. However, only 49% of the physicians would recommend such a vaccine to all patients; others would consider it in special populations only. The overwhelming majority (91%) of the participants would recommend COVID‐19 vaccine only when a reliable vaccine becomes available. Many physicians would trust a vaccine that is approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) (46%) or a vaccine that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA‐USA) (34%).

Significance. Physicians have concerns on the issue of the necessity of (a future) COVID‐19 vaccine in PWE. The most important concern is the reliability of a vaccine and in this regard, two health agencies, the WHO and the FDA, are the most trusted organizations to approve a vaccine against COVID‐19.
Cutaneous adverse reactions associated with antiseizure medication: clinical characteristics and implications in epilepsy treatment
Authors: Tensini Tallulah Spina , Von Glehn Cristina Q. C. , Bettinotti Maria P. , Iglehart Brian , de Paola Luciano , Lohr Alfredo , Rodrigues Marcelo , Tensini Fernando Spina , Braatz Vera L. , Silvado Carlos E. S.
Published: July 2021

Objective. To describe the clinical characteristics of cutaneous adverse reactions and cross‐sensitivity induced by antiseizure medications and compare the pattern of use of antiseizure medications in patients with epilepsy according to skin rash history.

Methods. We analysed patients with a history of skin rash presenting for up to 12 weeks after initiating antiseizure medication. The history of skin rash was verified by medical charts, interviews, and identification of skin lesions by patients based on illustrative images. The minimum follow‐up period was eight months. The control group comprised epilepsy patients with regular antiseizure medication use for at least 12 weeks without skin rash. We included 109 cases and 99 controls.

Results. The median (interquartile range) period from the index rash was six years (2–11). Carbamazepine was the trigger medication in 48% of cases and induced skin rashes in all patients with cross‐sensitivity and carbamazepine exposure. Stevens‐Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, or drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms affected 36% of cases. Carbamazepine‐ or oxcarbazepine‐induced maculopapular exanthema occurred earlier (median: one week) than that induced by other antiseizure medications (median: three weeks) (p=0.006). Cross‐sensitivity was more common in patients with at least one episode of Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (29%) and Stevens‐Johnson/toxic epidermal necrolysis overlap (50%) than in patients with maculopapular exanthema (8%) (p=0.01). Although most cases were mild, the pattern of antiseizure medication use differed from that of controls, with a lower proportion of antiseizure medication typically associated with severe cutaneous adverse reactions (carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine) (p<0.001). Most cases exposed to high‐risk medication, however, did not develop cross‐sensitivity.

Significance. Cutaneous adverse reaction history may influence antiseizure medication use. Cross‐sensitivity is more common in severe cases and most patients are affected by mild, self‐limited skin rashes. Further research should consider the relevance of mild skin rashes in lifelong epilepsy treatment.
Über das verbotene Lachen
Authors: Stillmark Hans-Christian
Published: July 2021

Der Essay geht der Frage nach, was passiert, wenn das Lachen in verbotenen Kon-texten sich nicht unterdrücken lässt. Ein Kindheitserleben ist der Anlass über die kommunikativen Verhältnisse des verbotenen Lachens nachzudenken. Es wird dabei auf das Lachen als ein besonderes kommunikatives Zeichensystem und körperliches Ereignis hingewiesen.
Niemieckojęzyczna literatura Szwajcarii bez tabu
Authors: Ławnikowska-Koper Joanna
Published: July 2021

W artykule recenzyjnym przedstawiono i omówiono tom Tabuzonen und Tabubrü-che in der Deutschschweizer Literatur, opublikowany w 2020 roku w wydawnictwie Vanden-hoeck & Ruprecht, ze wsparciem finansowym Jan Michalski Fondation i Uniwersytetu Szcze-314 Joanna ŁAWNIKOWSKA-KOPERcińskiego, pod redakcją Doroty Sośnickiej, poświęcony współczesnym fenomenom literatury szwajcarskiej, literackim obrazom tabuizacji i prób przełamywania tabu. Krótkie krytyczne odniesienia do zamieszczonych w tomie tekstów pozwalają na rozpoznanie kluczowych za-gadnień i towarzyszących im kontekstów, będąc w założeniu wskazówką do lektury całego, niezwykle interesującego projektu.
,Weises’ Lachen als Erziehungsmittel. Ricarda Huchs Novelle Teufeleien
Authors: Jelitto-Piechulik Gabriela
Published: July 2021

Der vorliegende Beitrag ist ein Versuch auf die wesentlichen Interessenfelder der frühen Schaffensphase von Ricarda Huch einzugehen. Einen methodologischen Zugriff bildet ihre Biografie sowie ihre geistesgeschichtliche Verankerung in der Epoche der deutschen Frühromantik. Im Sinne der Frühromantiker, vor allem Novalis’, strebte Huch eine Synthese an zwischen den geschichtlich überlieferten Tatsachen und der Vorstellungswelt des dichten-den Künstlers, der mit seiner Dichtkunst ein pädagogisches Ziel verfolgt, dessen oberstes Prinzip das humane Verhalten des Menschen in der Gesellschaft sein soll.
Weinen und Lachen als tragende Säulen der Schweiz-Kritik im Theaterstück Zwanzigtausend Seiten von Lukas Bärfuss
Authors: Trna Jan
Published: July 2021

Im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrags steht das bis jetzt wenig erforschte Theaterstück Zwanzigtausend Seiten des Schweizer Dramatikers Lukas Bärfuss. Die Kritik an der Schweizer Gesellschaft wird unter dem Fokus der emotionalen Erscheinungen Lachen und Weinen dargestellt. Im ersten Schritt wird auf die Begriffe Weinen und Lachen aus biologischer sowie gesellschaftlicher Sicht eingegangen. Im Speziellen wird unterschieden, wie diese Phänomene mit dem Tragischen bzw. dem Komischen (fokussiert auf die emotionalen Äußerungen, die im Weinen und Lachen ihren Ausdruck finden) zusammenhängen und welche Rolle in dieser Wechselbeziehung die Vernunft spielt. Ferner wird auch der Bezug von Weinen und Lachen zur Empathie(losigkeit) der Gemeinschaft gegenüber dem Individuum näher betrachtet und an konkreten Textpassagen festgemacht. Die Leitthese dieser Abhandlung lautet: Man kann seine emotionalen Grenzen beliebig ausweiten, jedoch vermag weder Weinen noch Lachen den Strom des vorherrschenden Diskurses innerhalb einer Gesellschaft zu unterbrechen.
El mediador y la comprensión de textos literarios en la educación inicial
Authors: Salazar-Arbeláez Carmen Alicia , Gómez-Riveros Ana María
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el mediador y el nivel de comprensión lectora de textos literarios de estudiantes de educación inicial. Método: En el estudio participaron 5 niños de 5 años de una institución educativa en Colombia. La investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño pre experimental tipo -preprueba / post prueba con un solo grupo. La intervención se hizo durante 9 sesiones de trabajo, divididas en 3 ciclos, en los que variaba el nivel de complejidad de los textos. Para evaluar la comprensión al inicio y al final de la investigación, se elaboró una prueba que fue validada por un experto, con preguntas que indagan por el nivel de comprensión literal e inferencial, así mismo, se diseñó una propuesta de intervención pedagógica con el fin de estimular la comprensión de textos literarios (cuentos) en niños de 5 años. Resultados: Los resultados muestran avance en la comprensión a nivel literal e inferencial (coherencia local y global) de los niños gracias a las estrategias puestas en práctica por el mediador. Discusión y Conclusiones: El avance en los procesos de comprensión que se evidenciaron en esta investigación se puede relacionar con las actuaciones del mediador que implementó las estrategias de lectura compartida, la pregunta como estrategia pedagógica y la estimulación de la comprensión desde el nivel literal al nivel inferencial. Además, el proceso realizado permite entender la comprensión como un proceso lento y continuo en el tiempo, de manera que es posible continuar con su cualificación a partir de las mediaciones implementadas.
Környezetismeret tankönyvek vadfajokkal kapcsolatos tartalmainak összehasonlítása Magyarországon és Ausztriában
Authors: Mesterházy Helga
Published: July 2021

Within an institutional framework, the transfer of authentic professional knowledge is the responsibility of teachers. Textbooks play an important role in this process, in all types of schools. This is especially important for elementary school textbooks. Textbooks with accurate knowledge and authentic illustrations are needed for the rising generation to have the right knowledge. In Hungary, the framework curriculum prescribed by the National Core Curriculum defines the educational and development goals of the thematic units, the practical applications and the possibilities of knowledge transfer. In Austria, the Federal Ministry (Bundesministerium) stipulates that curricula must include teaching objectives, a summary of the content of the curriculum and a list of basic literature. The aim of the author's research is to compare Hungarian and German textbooks focusing on the subject of environmental education, including the main wildlife species.
Szótárdidaktika a Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem Angol Nyelvészeti Tanszékén
Authors: P. Márkus Katalin
Published: July 2021

Dictionaries have long been recognised as an essential learning resource. We can find many specialised and user-friendly dictionaries in the market. Problems may arise when teachers and learners do not know how to use these materials to assist learning. This paper shows how dictionary skills can be integrated into the English syllabus and taught explicitly in class. In this way, teachers will be able to play an important role in building a bridge between lexicographers and unskilled learners.
Kereslet és kínálat: elmélkedés a bölcsészképzés digitális kompetenciáiról
Authors: M. Pintér Tibor
Published: July 2021

The study summarises the opportunities and possibilities of ICT and digital humanities in the field of humanities. Based on the author’s experience the study introduces several ways of enhancing digital competences in teacher training and Hungarian linguistics. After a short demonstration of the so-called digital competences, it outlines the requirements and infocommunication techniques of text-based information extraction. The focus placed by the author lies on the digital competences of students, on their set of knowledge in using data based infocommunication techniques, laying down basic strategies for their measurement and evaluation.
Therapeutic effects of stem cells in different body systems, a novel method that is yet to gain trust: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ebrahimi Alireza , Ahmadi Hanie , Pourfraidon  Ghasrodashti Zahra , Tanide Nader , Shahriarirad Reza , Erfani Amirhossein , Ranjbar Keivan , Ashkani-Esfahani Soheil
Published: July 2021

Stem cell therapy has been used to treat several types of diseases, and it is expected that its therapeutic uses shall increase as novel lines of evidence begin to appear. Furthermore, stem cells have the potential to make new tissues and organs. Thus, some scientists propose that organ transplantation will significantly rely on stem cell technology and organogenesis in the future. Stem cells and its robust potential to differentiate into specific types of cells and regenerate tissues and body organs, have been investigated by numerous clinician scientists and researchers for their therapeutic effects. Degenerative diseases in different organs have been the main target of stem cell therapy. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis, congenital cardiovascular diseases, and blood cell diseases such as leukemia are among the health conditions that have benefited from stem cell therapy advancements. One of the most challenging parts of the process of incorporating stem cells into clinical practice is controlling their division and differentiation potentials. Sometimes, their potential for  uncontrolled growth will make these cells tumorigenic. Another caveat in this process is the ability to control the differentiation process. While stem cells can easily differentiate into a wide variety of cells,  a paracrine effect controlled activity, being in an appropriate medium will cause abnormal differentiation leading to treatment failure. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the therapeutic effects of stem cells in diseases of various organ systems. In order to advance this new treatment to its full potential, researchers should focus on establishing methods to control the differentiation process, while policymakers should take an active role in providing adequate facilities and equipment for these projects. Large population clinical trials are a necessary tool that will help build trust in this method. Moreover, improving social awareness about the advantages and adverse effects of stem cell therapy is required to develop a rational demand in the society, and consequently, healthcare systems should consider established stem cell-based therapeutic methods in their treatment algorithms.
Forecasting Technology Trends through the Gap Between Science and Technology: The Case of Software as an E-Commerce Service
Authors:   Portland State University, Daim Tugrul , Bukhari Esraa ,   Portland State University, Bakry Dana ,   Portland State University, VanHuis James ,   Portland State University, Yalcin Haydar ,   Ege University, Wang Xiaoli ,   Beijing University of Technology
Published: July 2021

Identifying technology trends can be a key success factor for companies to be competitive and take advantage of technological trends before they occur. The companies always work to plan for future products and services. For that, it is important to turn to methods that are used for technology forecasting. These tools help the companies to define potential markets for innovative new products and services. This paper uses text mining techniques along with expert judgment to detect and analyze the near-term technology evolution trends in a Software as a Service (SaaS) case study. The longer-term technology development trend in this case is forecasted by analyzing the gaps between science and technology. This paper contributes to the technology forecasting methodology and will be of interest to those in SaaS technology. Our findings reveal five trends in the technology: 1) virtual networking, 2) the hybrid cloud, 3) modeling methodologies, 4) mobile applications, and 5) web applications. Among the results achieved, we can summarize the interesting ones as follows: it is possible to say that traditional information systems are now evolving into online information systems. On the other hand, the use of a licensing model based on subscriptions triggers the change in perpetual licensing models. The product range that has evolved towards mobile technologies has put pressure on information storage technologies and has led to the search for new methods especially in the development of database systems.
Knowledge Co-Creation Roadmapping for Future Industrial Visions: Case Study on Smart Infrastructure
Authors:   Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Murata Hisashi , Nakamura Kotaro ,   Soka University, Shirahada Kunio
Published: July 2021

This paper proposes a knowledge co-creation roadmapping tool for knowledge creation in future-oriented discussions for members of competing firms with the aim of co-creatively envisioning the future of the industry. This approach adapts the roadmapping method to knowledge creation, thus building a communication infrastructure for discussing future plans beyond an organization (i.e., participants are from competing companies). Knowledge co-creation roadmapping could be commissioned to an open industry organization consisting of members sent by individual companies interested in overcoming obstacles to development. We put our method into practice with the subcommittee of the Engineering Advancement Association of Japan and set the subject as “The Future of Smart Social Infrastructure”, a theme involving multiple stakeholders. We were able to draw up a vision of smart technology on the basis of the insights gained through the roadmapping activities. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in terms of acquiring knowledge that could not be obtained by our own company or a single industry organization alone.
Digitalization of home-based records for maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH): a scoping review protocol v1
Authors: Geldof Marije , Gerlach Nina , Nic Lochlainn Laura , Sauvé Caroline , Gerarda Portela Anayda
Published: July 2021

Background: A home-based record (HBR) is a document used to record the history of health services and key health information of an individual and through which health education messages can be shared. The record is kept by the individual or their parent/caregiver at home, and is intended to compliment the records kept at the health facility. The great majority of these HBRs are paper-based, although many countries have future plans for digitalizing them for improved access and use, as well as higher rates of recording. In some middle- and high income countries, electronic HBRs are already being used in order to promote information sharing between providers to improve the integration in care, as well as reduce the risk of data loss. There is a need to better understand what efforts have already been undertaken in terms of the digitalization of HBRs and what lessons can be learned moving forward. Objective: The main objective of this scoping review is to map the peer-reviewed and grey literature available on the digitalization of HBRs for MNCH. The following review question is guiding the exercise towards this objective: What efforts have already been undertaken for the digitalization of home-based records for maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH)? Methods: The scoping review will include the following steps: 1) a search strategy to identify relevant materials, 2) inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of relevant materials, 3) data extraction from the relevant materials, 4) synthesizing the results
H&E Staining for Pancreas Cryosections v1
Authors: Saunders Diane , Kruse Angela , Allen Jamie , Romer Carrie , Gutierrez Danielle , Powers Alvin , Spraggins Jeff
Published: July 2021

This protocol for H&E staining can be applied to either fixed or unfixed frozen cryosections.
Rethinking Religion and What Really Matters
Authors: Rieger Joerg
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 has thrown new light on the nature of inequality as a global problem. This has implications for reassessing what really matters in people’s lives, related to what theologians have sometimes called matters of “ultimate concern.” What do such reassessments mean for rethinking the role and function of religion, with a view towards what religion can contribute to the formation of feasible alternatives? The article concludes by spelling out some vital lessons for practical theology and related fields.
INTERNATIONALISMS OF FRENCH ORIGIN IN ENGLISH AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES
Authors:   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Kosovych Olga
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the study of internationalisms of French origin in English and Ukrainian languages. Traditionally, researchers who are studying French words without allocating internationalisms, consider the borrowing process in a specific language. In linguistic works, an international layer of French origin is allocated, so, in particular, the mechanism of adaptation of French words in English through the Ukrainian language was studied. Internationalism acquires special importance in the development of modern languages due to the fact that they are generally accepted forms of lexico-semantic expression of the most important concepts of modern culture. Their meaning is undoubtedly in all basic ways to overcome the language barrier, whether language learning, translation, the creation of international and auxiliary languages. The author emphasizes that the study of the features of the functioning of internationalisms is an important part of the study of the language system. The study of the international words of French origin caused by the large linguistic and cultural and historical significance of French in the history of world languages. At the same time, this study is advisable to determine their role and place in the lexical system of modern languages. Internationalisms undoubtedly play an important role in the intercultural communication process in the modern world. International vocabulary exists almost in all languages and every year the amount of this layer of the vocabulary increases, which can lead to the emergence of a new international language.
Vladimir Karlov is the founder of the Chair of Neurology (Faculty of Therapy, Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry). Methodology: priorities of domestic medicine, nervism and clinicism
Authors: Stulin I. D.
Published: July 2021

The report presents the main areas of work of the Chair of Nervous Diseases (Faculty of Therapy, Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry). The rich experience of clinical and instrumental diagnostics obtained by the staff of the department for half a century of its existence is shown. Special attention is paid to the role of thermal imaging and ultrasound in the early diagnosis of various vascular pathologies.
A life-long neurology
Authors: Vlasov P. N.
Published: July 2021

A multi-year career path and overwhelmingly rich legacy of Professor V.A. Karlov are presented in the report. Prominent publications related to the main research directions of his work as an outstanding scientist and clinician are outlined.
Ground effects from underground explosions
Authors: Carder D. S. , Mickey W. V.
Published: July 2021

For equivalent TNT energy yields of 180 pounds to 19.2 kilotons at distances of 0.3 to 3200 kilofeet, a yield scaling law of W0.75 is indicated. Maximum earth particle displacements satisfy an exponential attenuation function of the form:

A = C W 0.75 D − n × 10 − k f 0.8 D

where A is maximum earth particle displacements in centimeters, C is a constant, W is yield in tons, D is distance from detector to source in feet, n is a wave propagation constant, k is a constant and f is the visually dominant frequency in cps of the measured pulse on the seismogram.

For distance of 0.3 to 9.8 kilofeet, C is 104.57, n is 2, and k is 1.75 × 10-6; from 9.8 to 525 kilofeet, C is 100.6, n is 1, and k is 1.83 × 10-6; from 525 to 3200 kilofeet C is 10-2.82, n is 0.5, and k is 7.6 × 10-7. The frequency exponent in the 525 to 3200 kilofeet range is negligible since the maximum displacements were observed to occur near one cps. Stations on desert alluvium recorded displacements 2 to 4 times greater than indicated by the above scaling functions.
A summary of observed seismic surface wave dispersion
Authors: Oliver Jack
Published: July 2021

Two sets of curves relating phase and group velocities of Love and Rayleigh waves to periods summarize our present state of knowledge on seismic surface wave dispersion. Periods range from about one second to one hour, and velocities from about one kilometer per second to about eight kilometers per second.
On the determination of the polarization angle of the S wave
Authors: Nuttli Otto , Whitmore John D.
Published: July 2021

This study is concerned with determining the minimum epicentral distance for which it is permissible to obtain the value of the polarization angle of the S wave by measuring the angle between the great circle path at the station and the direction of the horizontal component of the S wave particle motion obtained from the seismograms. This critical distance can be determined by the fact that at smaller distances the particle motion of the earth's surface due to the incidence of S will be nonlinear (the SH and the horizontal and vertical components of SV will be out of phase with respect to one another) while at larger distances the particle motion will be linear. An analysis of the S motion recorded by the Galitzin-Wilip seismographs at Florissant indicates that the critical distance is 42 degrees. The periods of these S waves are of the order of 10 second. The analysis also shows that the effective P wave velocity of teleseismic waves at the earth's free surface is 7.74 km/sec, and the effective value of Poisson's ratio and the effective S wave velocity at the earth's surface are 0.25 and 4.46 km/sec, respectively. By effective values are meant the values of the velocities and Poisson's ratio that govern the angle of incidence of the waves at the earth's surface.
The spectrum of seismic noise
Authors: Frantti G. E. , Willis D. E. , Wilson James T.
Published: July 2021

The seismic noise spectrum in the frequency range 0.5 to 31.5 cycles per second is presented graphically for a number of sites over a wide geographical range. Except for a small anomalous effect near 2 or 3 cycles per second, the ground particle motion curves are observed to decrease smoothly with increasing frequency at a rate approximately proportional to the second power of frequency. The curves steepen at frequencies below 1 cycle per second.
The use of a selective amplifier to increase the useful sensitivity of short period electromagnetic seismographs
Authors: Barr K. G.
Published: July 2021

A frequency selective amplifier has been developed to increase the useful sensitivity of short period electromagnetic seismographs to near earthquakes.

The result has been to reduce the magnitude of the smallest earthquake detectable by about two units, and to reduce the magnitude of the smallest earthquake for which an accurate arrival time can be given by 1/2 – 1 units.
S-Wave studies of earthquakes of the North Pacific, Part I: Kamchatka
Authors: Stauder William
Published: July 2021

abstract

The polarization of S waves at stations distributed azimuthally about the source is examined for each of twenty-three Kamchatka earthquakes of 1950-1960. In nineteen of these earthquakes the P and S wave data are in agreement with a double couple source as the point model of the focal mechanism. The S waves indicate a uniform mechanism which repeats itself from earthquake to earthquake and from which it may be inferred that the axes of greatest and least stress at the foci tend to lie in a vertical plane normal to the trend of the Kamchatka-Kuriles arc. The axis of least stress usually plunges almost vertically under the continent, but may also plunge less steeply, at angles as low as 45 degrees. At least two earthquakes may be represented by a single couple source.
The effect of boundaries on wave propagation in a liquid-filled porous solid: IV. Surface waves in a half-space
Authors: Deresiewicz H.
Published: July 2021

abstract

Dispersion and dissipation of Rayleigh-type surface waves in a porous, elastic half-space filled with a viscous liquid are studied within the framework of Biot's field equations. The algebraic secular equation turns out to be of the seventh degree, its (complex) coefficients being functions of a dimensionless frequency parameter. It is shown that for small and for large values of this parameter the wave is essentially non-dissipative.

A numerical analysis of the secular equation pertaining to a kerosene-saturated sandstone reveals the existence of several extremal values of the phase velocity, a skewed bell-shaped variation of the dissipation per cycle, and a high-frequency cutoff for the surface wave for certain values of the dynamical coefficients.
Earthquake analysis by response spectrum superposition
Authors: Clough R. W.
Published: July 2021

abstract

Although earthquake response spectra can be used to determine the maximum response of structures having one degree of freedom, they provide only an approximate indication of the maximum response in multi-degree systems. In this paper, two different methods of approximating the maximum response, both based on superposition of the response spectra, are compared with exact analyses and the errors in the approximations are evaluated. Five different structures, each subjected to three different earthquake motions, are considered.
Note on the determination of the earthquake mechanism by S waves
Authors: Ferraes Sergio G.
Published: July 2021

abstract

Various methods have been devised for determining the nature of the forces which give rise to the seismic wave motions. To determine the direction of motion along the fault-plane, the direct computational technique to be proposed in this paper is an analytical modification of Adams' technique (1958) by means of determinants. This paper is concerned with the derivation of equations for computing the direction cosines of the “direction of motion” for a type I source, i.e., a couple of two equal and opposite forces with moment acting at the focus of the earthquake.
The high frequencyPandSphases from the West Indies
Authors: Shurbet D. H.
Published: July 2021

abstract

The long duration and high frequency of P and S phases from earthquakes along the West Indian island are are deseribed. These phases have been described previously in the literature without explanation. It is shown that the long duration, high frequency, and velocity of both phases can be explained as due to a minimum velocity channel slightly below the M-discontinuity. Other observations are shown to indicate the probable presence of the minimum velocity channel.
A reinterpretation of phase velocity data based on the gnome travel time curves
Authors: Smith Stewart W.
Published: July 2021

abstract

Significant lateral variations in upper mantle velocities across the western U. S. were observed in the gnome experiment. This makes necessary a reinterpretation of crustal thickness measurements made with the assumption that velocities in the various layers of the crust remain constant while their thickness changes. Four examples of the work of Ewing and Press have been reinterpreted. The crust is thinner (30 km) in the Basin and Range Province and thicker (55 km) under the Rocky Mountains than indicated by previous interpretations.
Measurements of the velocity of crack propagation in glass plates
Authors: DeNoyer John , Pollack Henry
Published: July 2021

The velocity of crack propagation in glass plates has been measured. The plates were strained until fractures were initiated. Measurements made over various small segments of the crack path show variations in crack velocity from 0.01 to about 4 km/sec. The velocity of propagation appears to be related to the strain-energy distribution. Regions of the plate where the strain energy was high prior to fracture yielded the highest crack velocities.
Response of soils, foundations, and earth structures to the Chilean earthquakes of 1960
Authors: Duke C. Martin , J. Leeds David
Published: July 2021

abstract

Observations and interpretations of damage associated with soil failure in the Chilean earthquakes are presented. Effects of the earthquake are discussed relative to foundations, earth fills, harbor works, and landslides. Damage was extreme in several areas. Of particular interest were the frequent instances of apparent soil liquefaction and the many correlations between foundation conditions and degree of damage to structures.
The dynamic behavior of water tanks
Authors: Housner George W.
Published: July 2021

abstract

During the Chilean earthquakes of May, 1960, a number of large elevated water tanks were severely damaged whereas others survived without damage. An analysis of the dynamic behavior of such tanks must take into account the motion of the water relative to the tank as well as the motion of the tank relative to the ground. Some simple expressions are given for the pertinent dynamic properties of tanks with free water surface. A simplified dynamic analysis is indicated for the response of elevated water tanks to earthquake ground motion.
The behavior of inverted pendulum structures during earthquakes
Authors: Housner George W.
Published: July 2021

abstract

During the Chilean earthquakes of May, 1960, a number of tall, slender structures survived the ground shaking whereas more stable appearing structures were severely damaged. An analysis is made of the rocking motion of structures of inverted pendulum type. It is shown that there is a scale effect which makes tall slender structures more stable against overturning than might have been expected, and, therefore, the survival of such structures during earthquakes is not surprising.
Elastic wave propagation along layers in two-dimensional models
Authors: Chowdhury D. K. , Dehlinger Peter
Published: July 2021

Propagation of direct waves and dispersive long-period waves along a layered system was investigated experimentally by means of two-dimensional ultrasonic models. Velocities of direct and head waves were measured within layers or in a medium adjacent to layers as functions of layer thickness to wave length or source-from-interface distance to wave length. Amplitudes of direct longitudinal, direct shear, and long-period waves were measured on three profiles, each perpendicular to the layers. Three models were used: the first consisted of a low-velocity layer between two thick sheets; the second of a high-velocity layer between two sheets; the third of six alternating high- and low-velocity layers between two sheets. The source was a wave train, simulating a wave from a seismic explosion. The frequency was varied so as to obtain different ratios of layer thickness to wave length. In the single low-velocity layer model the direct longitudinal wave contained a larger amplitude than the dispersive long-period wave in the layer at offset distance of 6 to 10 times the layer thickness. In the single high-velocity layer model the direct longitudinal wave was attenuated rapidly and the amplitudes of the long-period waves were negligigble. In the multilayered model, direct waves had negligible amplitudes at the corresponding distances; nearly all of the energy was in the dispersive long-period waves. In this model the low-velocity layer carried 1 1/2 to 3 times the amplitude observed in the high-velocity layers, whether the source was located in the high- or low-velocity layers. Dispersion of the long-period waves in the multilayered model was pronounced within the low-velocity layers and weak in the high-velocity layers, when the source was either in a high- or low-velocity layer. Dispersion was anomalous when the source was in a low-velocity layer and normal when in a high-velocity layer.
Radiation mode of S waves from a deep-focus earthquake as derived from observations
Authors: Kasahara Keichi
Published: July 2021

Two representative hypotheses on earthquake mechanism (so-called force types I and II) have been examined in comparison with seismograms for the earthquake of February 18, 1956 (south off Honshu, Japan; h = 450 km). On the basis of the fault-plane solution derived from P-wave data, one can predict polarity and relative amplitude of shear wave phases for a given station. The prediction by both of the hypotheses is compared with the observations at Kiruna and several other stations, where the principal seismic phases have been recorded clearly.

The comparison has proved that the force type I does not fit the present case. The second type, on the other hand, explains the observations more consistently, although there are minor disagreements with respect to later phases.

Reduction of the recorded wave form by an analog computer has shown that the original seismic disturbance (S) from the source is very simple in its wave form and harmonizes very well with Honda's theory. If we accept his theory, the radius of the origin sphere is estimated at 30-40 km for the present case.