bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retinal layer thicknesses retrieved with different segmentation algorithms from optical coherence tomography scans acquired under different signal-to-noise ratio conditions
Authors: Heikka Tuomas , Cense Barry , Jansonius Nomdo M.
Published: August 2020

Glaucomatous damage can be quantified by measuring the thickness of different retinal layers. However, poor image quality may hamper the accuracy of the layer thickness measurement. We determined the effect of poor image quality (low signal-to-noise ratio) on the different layer thicknesses and compared different segmentation algorithms regarding their robustness against this degrading effect. For this purpose, we performed OCT measurements in the macular area of healthy subjects and degraded the image quality by employing neutral density filters. We also analysed OCT scans from glaucoma patients with different disease severity. The algorithms used were: The Canon HS-100’s built-in algorithm, DOCTRAP, IOWA, and FWHM, an approach we developed. We showed that the four algorithms used were all susceptible to noise at a varying degree, depending on the retinal layer assessed, and the results between different algorithms were not interchangeable. The algorithms also differed in their ability to differentiate between young healthy eyes and older glaucoma eyes and failed to accurately separate different glaucoma stages from each other.
Probing ultrafast reaction mechanisms of photo-excited dithizone through transient absorption spectroscopy and computational CASSCF studies
Authors: Adeniyi Adebayo A. , von Stein Paul-Franzl X. , Bosman Gurthwin W. , Steenkamp Christine M. , Chiweshe Trevor , von Eschwege Karel G. , Conradie Jeanet
Published: August 2020

Dithizone, with its derivatives and complexes, is characterized by seven classes of chromic reactions, which make it a remarkable candidate for diverse sensor applications. We now present dithizone’s chromic response to experimental photoexcitation as studied by ultrafast laser spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT), and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations. After vertical excitation to the first excited state, within 240 fs the reaction proceeds towards an intersystem crossing (ISC) that is coupled with a conical intercept (CI), while the second path proceeds via a second CI. The ISC leads to excited state tautomerization within 1.6 ps to form a triplet excited state product that takes a longer time to return back to reactant (

∼

5

n
s

), while the first and second CIs both lead to the ground state within 1.6 ps and 12 ps, respectively. Additionally, dynamics through both CIs allow for efficient repopulation of the reactant ground state. Theoretical calculations using minimum energy path analysis and CASSCF calculation (including n-electron valence state perturbation theory multireference perturbation theory correction) gave additional insight into ground and excited state conformational changes that are observed by means of experimental femtosecond laser pulse excitations of dithizone.
Coupled plasmonic graphene wires: theoretical study including complex frequencies and field distributions of bright and dark surface plasmons
Authors: Cuevas Mauro , Hayati Raad Shiva , Zapata-Rodríguez C. J.
Published: August 2020

Theoretical research on localized surface plasmons (LSPs) supported by a structure formed by two parallel dielectric wires with a circular cross section wrapped with a graphene sheet has an impact in the practical realm. Here, LSPs are represented in the form of an infinite series of cylindrical multipole partial waves linked to each of the graphene wires. To obtain the kinematics (complex eigenfrequencies) and dynamic characteristics (field distributions) of the LSPs, we consider the analytic extension to the complex plane of the solution to the boundary value problem. The lower frequency LSP group is formed by four branches, two of them corresponding to bright modes and the others to dark modes. By tuning the chemical potential of the graphene covers so that the dimer symmetry breaks, these dark modes are transformed into resonant observables that can be excited by plane wave incidence.
Three-dimensional structure of polarization singularities of a light field near a dielectric spherical nanoparticle
Authors: Yu Kuznetsov N. , Grigoriev K. S. , Vladimirova Yu V. , Makarov V. A.
Published: August 2020

We numerically study the structure of polarization singularity lines in
a near-field of the sub-wavelength dielectric particle when it is
irradiated by a monochromatic elliptically polarized plane wave. For
the various values of the ellipticity degree of the incident
radiation, we trace the C
T
and L
T
-lines on which
the polarization ellipse turns into a circle or a line, respectively.
The continuous variation of the isotropy parameters of the
singularities is visualized along the lines. The main rules of C
T
and
L
T
-lines deformation, emergence, and vanishing are
revealed.
Dynamic tailoring of an optical skyrmion lattice in surface plasmon polaritons: comment
Authors: Meiler Tim , Frank Bettina , Giessen Harald
Published: August 2020

We comment on a recent paper entitled “Dynamic tailoring of an optical skyrmion lattice in surface plasmon polaritons” [Opt. Express 28, 10322 (2020)10.1364/OE.384718] and disprove the assertion that Bloch-type skyrmions exist in the magnetic field of surface plasmon polaritons.
Fiber-based sources of coherent MIR radiation: key advances and future prospects (invited)
Authors: Jackson Stuart D. , Jain R. K.
Published: August 2020

The mid-infrared (MIR) represents a large portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is progressively being exploited for an enormous number of applications. Thermal imaging cameras, dental and skin resurfacing lasers, and narcotics detectors at airports are all mainstream examples involving the MIR, but potential applications of MIR technologies are much larger. Accessing the unique opportunities afforded by the MIR is critically dependent on the specific characteristics of MIR emitting sources that become available. In this review, we survey an important enabling technology to the opening up of MIR science and applications, namely that driven by
fiber-based sources of coherent MIR radiation
. In this review paper, we describe many of the key advances in the innovation and development of such sources over the past few decades and discuss many of the underlying science and technology issues that have resulted in specific recent source achievements, especially in light of new applications enabled by these new source capabilities. We also discuss a few specific anticipated future needs and some potentially disruptive approaches to future MIR fiber source development.
Aerosol scattering of vortex beams transmission in hazy atmosphere
Authors: Shi Chenge , Guo Lixin , Cheng Mingjian , Lavery Martin PJ , Liu Songhua
Published: August 2020

Mie theory is widely used for the simulation and characterization of optical interaction with scattering media, such atmospheric pollutants. The complex refractive index of particle plays an important role in determining the scattering and absorption of light. Complex optical fields, such as vortex beams, will interact with scattering particulates differently to plane wave or Gaussian optical fields. By considering the three typical aerosol particles compositions that lead to haze in the atmosphere, distinctive scattering dynamic were identified for vortex beams as compared to Gaussian beams. Using parameters similar to real world atmospheric conditions, a new aerosol particle model is proposed to efficiently and concisely describe the aerosol scattering. Numerical simulations indicate unique signatures in the scattering dynamics of the vortex beams that can indicate particles composition and also suggest that potentially there is higher optical transmission of vortex beams propagating in certain hazy environments.
Complex phase masks for OH suppression filters in astronomy: part I: design
Authors: Rahman Aashia , Madhav Kalaga , Roth Martin M.
Published: August 2020

The design of a complex phase mask (CPM) for inscribing multi-notch fiber Bragg grating filters in optical fibers for OH suppression in astronomy is presented. We demonstrate the steps involved in the design of a complex mask with discrete phase steps, following a detailed analysis of fabrication constraints. The phase and amplitude of the complex grating is derived through inverse modelling from the desired aperiodic filter spectrum, following which the phase alone is encoded into the surface relief of a CPM. Compared to a complicated “running-light” Talbot interferometer based inscription setup where the phase of the inscribing beam is controlled by electro- or acousto-optic modulators and synchronized to a moving fiber translation stage, CPM offers the well-known convenience and reproducibility of the standard phase mask inscription technique. We have fabricated a CPM that can suppress 37 sky emission lines between 1508 nm to 1593 nm, with a potential of increasing to 99 channels for suppressing near-infrared (NIR) OH-emission lines generated in the upper atmosphere and improving the performance of ground-based astronomical telescopes.
Heuristic model for sum frequency generation in chirped quasi-phase-matching gratings with application to selective, cascaded harmonic generation
Authors: Yeo Joel , Ran Qiandong , Tan Alvin , Li Hao
Published: August 2020

The use of chirped quasi-phase-matching (CQPM) for cascaded harmonic generation (CHG) in a single crystal has gained attraction in recent years. CHG involves multiple stages of second harmonic and sum frequency generation processes, of which their complex dynamics in CQPM structures are not well understood when far from the adiabatic limit. This subsequently poses a challenge to design CQPM structures for the optimization of higher order harmonic generation via cascaded processes. In this paper, we derive a heuristic model with analytical expressions for the approximation of the efficiency, location and length of second harmonic and sum frequency generation processes in CQPM structures in the non-adiabatic, fully nonlinear regime (i.e. with pump depletion). With the developed model, we present a design framework to create cascaded CQPM structures for the generation of any arbitrary harmonic with efficiency close to 100%.
Optical waveguide xylene gas sensor based on sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS)–TiO2 film for detection at room temperature
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Nizamidin Patima , Abudukeremu Hannikezi , Yimit Abliz
Published: August 2020

The effectiveness of a highly sensitive sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS)–TiO2 thin film optical waveguide gas sensor assessed in detecting various organic gases. Gas sensing measurements indicated that the sensing element has good selectivity, high sensitivity, and a low detection limit of 1 ppb to xylene gas with fast response and short recovery times. Interference gas test results showed that the sensitive component can detect 1 ppm of xylene gas in a mixed system containing other interfering gases, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed sensor for organic gas detection.
Enhancement of the fluorescence property of carbon quantum dots based on laser ablated gold nanoparticles to evaluate pyrene
Authors: Sadrolhosseini Amir Reza , Krishnan Ganesan , Safie Suhaidi , Beygisangchin Mahnoush , Rashid Suraya Abdul , Harun Sulaiman Wadi
Published: August 2020

Gold nanoparticles were prepared in a carbon quantum dots solution using the laser ablation technique to enhance the photoluminescence property of a carbon quantum dots solution. The gold plate was ablated using a Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser at 4, 8, 12, and 16 minutes with a stable laser energy. The optical properties, functional groups, and the morphology of the prepared samples were examined using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. When the ablation time increased, the size of the gold nanoparticles decreased from 20.69 nm to 13.52 and the plasmonic quality factor and concentration of the gold nanoparticles increased. The intensity peak of the photoluminescence carbon quantum dots solution increased in the presence of the gold nanoparticles and the interaction between the pure carbon quantum dots and the gold-nanoparticles/carbon quantum dots composite with pyrene were investigated using photoluminescence spectroscopy. Consequently, the variation in the photoluminescent peak in the presence of the gold nanoparticles was greater than the variation in the photoluminescence peak in the presence of pure carbon quantum dots. The detection limit was 1 ppm. Therefore, the gold nanoparticles not only enhanced the photoluminescence property of the CQD bath also it improved the interaction of the CQD with pyrene.
Growth and characterization of low-temperature Si1-xSnx on Si using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Banihashemian Seyedeh Fahimeh , Grant Joshua M. , Sabbar Abbas , Tran Huong , Olorunsola Oluwatobi , Ojo Solomon , Amoah Sylvester , Mehboudi Mehrshad , Yu Shui-Qing , Mosleh Aboozar , Naseem Hameed A.
Published: August 2020

Silicon-tin (Si1-xSnx) films have been grown using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on Si (001) substrate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of the thin films show successful substitutional incorporation of Sn in Si lattice up to 3.2%. The X-ray diffraction characterizations show epitaxial growth of Si1-xSnx films (001) direction. The Sn incorporation has been measured using X-ray photoelectron spectrometry and the film uniformity was confirmed using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry.
Extreme Raman red shift: ultrafast multimode nonlinear space-time dynamics, pulse compression, and broadly tunable frequency conversion
Authors: Carpeggiani P. A. , Coccia G. , Fan G. , Kaksis E. , Pugžlys A. , Baltuška A. , Piccoli R. , Jeong Y.-G. , Rovere A. , Morandotti R. , Razzari L. , Schmidt B. E. , Voronin A. A. , Zheltikov A. M.
Published: August 2020

Ultrashort high-energy pulses at wavelengths longer than 1 µm are now desirable for a vast variety of applications in ultrafast and strong-field physics. To date, the main answer to the wavelength tunability for energetic, broadband pulses still relies on optical parametric amplification (OPA), which often requires multiple and complex stages, may feature imperfect beam quality, and has limited conversion efficiency into one of the amplified waves. In this work, we present a completely different strategy to realize an energy-efficient and scalable laser frequency shifter. This relies on the continuous red shift provided by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) over a long propagation distance in nitrogen-filled hollow-core fibers (HCF). We show a continuous tunability of the laser wavelength from 1030 nm up to 1730 nm with a conversion efficiency higher than 70% and high beam quality. The highly asymmetric spectral broadening, arising from the spatiotemporal nonlinear interplay between higher-order modes of the HCF, can be readily employed to generate pulses (

∼

20

f
s

) significantly shorter than the pump ones (

∼

200

f
s

) with high beam quality, and the pulse energy can further be scaled up to tens of millijoules. We envision that this technique, coupled with the emerging high-power Yb laser technology, has the potential to answer the increasing demand for energetic multi-TW few-cycle sources tunable in the near-IR.
Monolithic thin-disk laser and amplifier concept
Authors: Lorbeer Raoul-Amadeus , Ewers Benjamin , Santek Christopher , Beisecker Denise , Speiser Jochen , Dekorsy Thomas
Published: August 2020

Thin-disk lasers are indispensable in photonics research as well as in a multitude of industrial applications. They represent a unique class of laser and amplifier architecture that provides kW output power with excellent properties concerning beam quality, long-term stability, thermal management, and power scalability. For many applications, a reduced complexity of the laser and its size would be highly beneficial. The necessary multipass transitions in thin-disk lasers and amplifiers typically require sophisticated multi-mirror arrangements. Here, we present a monolithic version of the pump concept for thin-disk lasers and amplifiers, where the thin disk is replaced by a thin, wedged gain medium acting as a wedged optical trap. The wedge is coated in a peculiar manner in order to allow for efficient in- and out-coupling of the pump and laser radiation from the wedge. This concept transfers the complexity of the multi-mirror optics into the thin disk itself in a monolithic fashion. With this concept, we achieved 890 W of CW output power, 59% slope efficiency, optical-to-optical efficiency of 50%, and a gain factor greater than 10 for small signals. This demonstrates that this new concept is capable of reaching the kW power regime with minimum complexity and size.
Migrações e Exílios no Mundo Contemporâneo
Authors: Paulo Heloisa , Pena-Rodríguez Alberto , Clímaco Cristina , Santos Enrique Coraza de los
Published: August 2020

Fruto de perseguições políticas ou religiosas, os exílios marcam o nosso actual quotidiano com imagens que parecem repetir o martírio sofrido pelos exilados do século passado. A visão de campos de refugiados e de crianças amontoadas em balsas em pleno Mediterrâneo lembra-nos cenas antigas, como as da “Retirada” dos republicanos espanhóis através dos Pireneus, em Fevereiro de 1939, ou as fugas em massa durante a Segunda Guerra. A Europa conflituosa e ditatorial gerou a saída de um grande contingente populacional para o território latino-americano. A partir da segunda metade do século passado, as ditaduras latinoamericanas cuidaram para que a rota em busca da liberdade fosse em sentido inverso. Em Portugal, a partir do 28 de Maio de 1926, o exílio foi a única saída possível para muitos dos opositores do regime. Na Europa, nichos de liberdade, como a França antes de Vichy e a Espanha antes de Franco, também acolhem republicanos dispostos a dar sequência à sua luta pelo retomo da democracia em solo português. Com a guerra, emigrados políticos e exilados buscam, em países fora da Europa e com larga tradição de emigração, como o Brasil ou os Estados Unidos, o porto de abrigo para continuarem o combate contra o Estado Novo. A compreensão deste fenómeno requer uma ampla investigação e não pode excluir o debate interdisciplinar. Mais do que nunca é preciso utilizar recursos vários para a sua análise, comparar estudos com base em realidades diversas, analisar as formas de expressão dos exilados e trabalhar com manifestações políticas, mas também culturais. E, sobretudo, é preciso dar permanente atenção aos novos estudos que exploram a temática nos seus mais diferentes ângulos, como a literatura ou a sociologia. Mais do que qualquer outro tema, o exílio é um campo de estudo interdisciplinar. É com este objetivo que surge o presente trabalho, reunindo especialistas de diversas áreas em tomo da temática do exílio em língua portuguesa, e da sua expressão como fenómeno internacional e contemporâneo. Daí a presença de investigadores latino-americanos, visto ser o exílio um marco na história recente dos seus países.
Desertification And Sudano-Sahelian Peoles Perception Of Its Process
Authors: Ezeh Felix , Ogwo Patrick
Published: August 2020

Desertification is a major challenge for the people of the Sudano-Sahelien region. It has resulted in hunger arising from a degraded soil, absence of portable water and general poverty. Incidentally, the action of humans has been implicated as major causative factors of desertification. It is an irony that the bearers of the burden of desertification are the major causes of the problem. Zamfara state was randomly picked from among the eleven front line states for the study. Applying the Taro Yamens formula, 500 farmers comprising 50 large scale farmers and 450 small scale farmers were selected a structured questionnaire was administered on them. Using SPSS, correlation and regression analyses were applied to test the hypothesis that states that there is no significant relationship between desertification and the perception of the people. At p=0.054, we did not reject the hypothesis that states that there is no significant relationship between desertification and the perception of the people.
Esophageal Pathophysiologic Changes and Adenocarcinoma After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jaruvongvanich Veeravich , Matar Reem , Ravi Karthik , Murad M. Hassan , Vantanasiri Kornpong , Wongjarupong Nicha , Ungprasert Patompong , Vargas Eric J. , Maselli Daniel B. , Prokop Larry J. , Abu Dayyeh Barham K.
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

To assess the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on acid reflux and esophageal motor function and to evaluate the observation of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) after bariatric surgery.

METHODS:

We searched 5 databases for adults who underwent SG or RYGB and had esophageal pH test and/or esophageal manometry before and after surgery. A separate systemic search of observational studies and a retrospective review at 3 institutions of adults who developed EAC after these surgeries were conducted. Outcomes were changes in manometric and pH parameters and EAC cases after SG and RYGB.

RESULTS:

A total of 27 nonrandomized studies (SG: 612 patients; RYGB: 470 patients) were included. After SG, lower esophageal sphincter pressure and esophageal body amplitude were decreased and the risk of ineffective esophageal motility was increased. Total and recumbent acid exposure times were increased. After RYGB, an increased risk of ineffective esophageal motility was observed. Total, upright, and recumbent acid exposure times were decreased. The total reflux episodes remained unchanged but with increased nonacid reflux and decreased acid reflux events. Including our largest series, 31 EAC cases have been reported to date after SG and RYGB.

DISCUSSION:

This systematic review demonstrates increased acid reflux after SG and decreased acid reflux after RYGB. An observed increased nonacid reflux after RYGB might contribute to failure of gastroesophageal reflux disease improvement. This refluxate might be noxious to the esophagus, warranting further studies. RYGB might not entirely preserve esophageal function as previously believed.
Movilidad intrarregional en la región Centro de México, 2000-2015
Authors: Galindo Pérez Mateo Carlos , Pérez Campuzano Enrique , Suárez Lastra Manuel
Published: August 2020

En México, la movilidad geográfica de la población se ha estudiado principalmente a escala intraurbana, dejando de lado la interurbana a escala regional. El presente trabajo se ocupa de esta última mediante la medición de los flujos de población económicamente activa (población laboral) que se desplaza cotidianamente por motivos de trabajo. El documento se divide en dos secciones: en la primera se desarrollan los lineamientos conceptuales y de referencia que sustentan el trabajo; y en la segunda, con base en los microdatos de los censos de población 2000 y 2010 y de la encuesta intercensal 2015, se realiza un comparativo de los flujos laborales intrarregionales, para concluir que la movilidad cotidiana por motivos de trabajo se ha incrementado en los últimos quince años al interior de la región Centro del país.
Acute Phase Proteins response and their clinical application in veterinary medicine
Authors: Di Filippo Paula Alessandra , Rocha Sousa Wesley Matheus , Stedile Fujimoto Thaís Ayumi , Dantas Mota Francisco Claudio , Alves Aracelle Elisane
Published: August 2020

Acute phase proteins (APP) are the group of blood proteins that the synthesis happens in a quick and intense manner in response to external or internal challenges, such as infection, inflammation, surgical trauma or stress. These proteins have been used as biomarkers of inflammation, infection and trauma in human medicine, but have been relatively under-utilised in the context of veterinary medicine due to the unknown diagnostic possibilities.

The purpose of this paper is to update the knowledge about APPs in veterinary medicine, reviewing results from different studies suggesting possible clinical applicability of APP measurement as a valuable tool for veterinary diagnostic and prognostic.
Psychosocial distress among patients with cancer at a county referral hospital in Kenya
Authors: Justin Kinoti Francis , Oluchina Sherry , Wambua Mbithi Bernard
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Cancer diagnosis and treatment are emotionally draining to patients and their caregivers. For a long time, treatment for cancer has been associated with pain, suffering and death. These negative consequences of cancer create psychosocial effects such as anxiety and fear. Therefore, there is need to recognize and accurately identify this psychosocial distress problems on patients with cancer by healthcare providers to figure out interventions for these psychosocial issues.Objective: To assess the psychosocial distress among patients with cancer attending the Machakos county referral hospital palliative care unit.Subjects and Methods: Data were collected through descriptive cross-sectional design where a total of 97 patients were interviewed and filled the questionnaires and the National Cancer Center Network distress thermometer and problem list. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for windows version 24. Descriptive statistics such as the means, standard deviation and frequencies were generated and Pearson Chi square test of association computed to determine the associations between the independent and the dependent variables. The confidence interval was set at 95% (pâ‰¤ 0.05).Results: The study findings revealed that 72.2% of the respondents were distressed. Majority (83.3%) of the respondents reported being in pain, 64.9% of them cited problems with decision making about treatment, while 59.8% of the respondents said that they were experiencing fatigue. Other issues cited by the respondents included financial constraints and facing difficulties while eating. The study results also showed that there was statistically significant association between having psychosocial distress and gender (P=0.015) and cancer treatment (P=0.015).Conclusion: There is a very high prevalence of psychosocial distress among patients with cancer with the leading psychosocial distress problem being pain.Â Â Â
Podłużne badanie zdolności językowych jako konceptu dynamicznego
Authors: Biedroń Adriana
Published: August 2020

In contemporary literature foreign language ability is considered a dynamic concept, that is, subject to an evolutionary development in interaction with the environment and potentially trainable (Sternberg, 2002). Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Human Intelligence is based on an assumption that abilities are forms of developing expertise. An important educational implication of this statement is that abilities are flexible and pliable rather than fixed and that they can be taught. The purpose of the paper is to present results from the first stage of a longitudinal study of foreign language aptitude on a sample of English philology students. The goal of this study, conducted in cooperation with a psychologist, is to analyze the students’ cognitive abilities and establish whether they are subject to a dynamic change.
Niepełnosprawność i specjalne potrzeby edukacyjne w świetle polskiej i brytyjskiej poprawności politycznej
Authors: Iwona Dronia Iwona Dronia
Published: August 2020

The main goal of this article is to describe the legal status and situation of disabled learners in Poland, the UK and in other European countries. The author wishes to analyze whether the trends advocated by the principles of Political Correctness (PC) have influenced the language used in the educational context, and, in particular, towards students of special education needs (SEN). The article attempts to demonstrate that neither English nor Polish are sufficiently polite in terms of describing, categorizing, evaluating or naming all the learners, who, owing to their mental or physical impairment, have Special Educational Needs.
Zależność i niezależność od pola a przyswajanie języka angielskiego. Wyniki badania pilotażowego oraz analiza zastosowanych procedur i narzędzi badawczych
Authors: Jantarska Anna
Published: August 2020

The aim of this article is to present the results of a pilot study and to verify its methodological and statistical procedures. The subject matter of the study in question is the relationship between the cognitive styles of field dependence (FD)/field independence (FI) and the level of second language proficiency. The reader is presented with the wide range of variables and instruments incorporated in the study. The findings demonstrate strong correlations between the subjects’ FD/FI mode of perceiving the world and the results of language tests. The findings indicate that the relationship between dependent and independent variables is modified by age and sex of the subjects.
Poprzez refleksję do postawy refleksyjnej prz yszłego naucz yciela jęz yka obcego – trudności interpretacyjne badania w działaniu
Authors: Stańczyk Joanna
Published: August 2020

This article is an attempt to determine the reasons for difficulties encountered in the interpretation of data collected in the process of conducting action research on developing a reflective attitude in TTC students. The starting point for investigating the above issue is a short presentation of the action research study: the subjects’ aim, and tools employed in the process. The difficulties with interpreting the collected data will be examined mainly from the cognitive perspective, as the description and interpretation relate to internal cognitive processes, observable only in potential change of behaviour. It is significant,therefore, to work out, among the research participants, a coherent conceptual area referring to the changes under investigation. Interpretation of data is also the result of the quality of interactions among the research participants, which will be presented using the example of relations between the teacher researcher and participant-students and their possible influence on the students’ opinions. The article closes with suggestions for selecting criteria for the interpretation of data being collected.
Grau de dependência em usuários de um centro de atenção psicossocial álcool e outras drogas / Degree of dependence in users of a psychosocial attencion center for alcohol and other drugs
Authors: Andrade Felipe Tavares de , Neta Maria Eduarda Dos Santos , Lima Ana Caroline Rodrigues , Porto Yasmin Camila Batista dos Santos , Santos Allan Dantas dos
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: avaliar o grau de dependência de álcool e outras drogas de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial álcool e outras drogas da região centro-sul de Sergipe. Método: estudo observacional-descritivo, quantitativo, com 50 usuários que frequentavam um centro de atenção psicossocial álcool e outra drogas, selecionados por conveniência. Os dados coletados, por meio de entrevista, foram tratados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: houve predominância do sexo masculino, faixa etária de 34 a 55 anos, solteiros, cor de pele preta, baixo nível de escolaridade e desempregados, sem moradia própria. O álcool foi a substância mais utilizada na vida, atualmente e de maior dependência. Apenas 40% dos usuários realmente necessitariam de atendimento em serviço especializado. Conclusão: se faz necessário adotar, no serviço especializado e na atenção básica, o uso de instrumentos de triagem dos usuários e melhorar a relação com a atenção básica, visando a reinserção social.
A enfermagem frente ao processo de morte e morrer: uma reflexão em tempos de Coronavírus / Nursing in front of the death and dying process: a reflection in times of Coronavirus
Authors: De Paula Glaudston Silva , Gomes Antônio Marcos Tosoli , França Luiz Carlos Moraes , Neto Florêncio Reverendo Anton , Barbosa Diogo Jacintho
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: refletir sobre os desafios da enfermagem diante do processo de morte e morrer em face a pandemia por Coronavírus. Método: estudo de análise reflexiva baseada na leitura, análise e interpretação de artigos e relatórios do Ministério da Saúde e do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Resultados: a mudança cotidiana no enfrentamento do Coronavírus, conduz a uma maior vulnerabilidade do profissional de enfermagem, sejam elas fruto da restrita formação sobre a morte e o morrer ou da experiência prática em tempos de pandemia. Conclusão: o espaço acadêmico tem sido apresentado como um possível local de discussão e desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências para o cuidado ao paciente que está morrendo. No entanto, os profissionais de enfermagem não vêm sendo preparados adequadamente para lidar com a morte, já que esta pode ser sinônimo de sofrimento psíquico e estresse, assim como a morte do paciente passou a ser um sinônimo de fracasso profissional.
TRABAJO Y SENSIBILIDADES: UN ANÁLISIS DE LA GESTIÓN DE LOS CUERPOS Y LAS EMOCIONES EN ALGUNOS ESPACIOS DE TRABAJO
Authors: Lisdero Pedro , Quattrini Diego
Published: August 2020

El objetivo del trabajo es problematizar las consecuencias de la expansión del sistema capitalista en los procesos de sociabilidad del mundo del trabajo en el plano regional, desde una perspectiva que recupere los aportes de la teoría social sobre el cuerpo y las emociones. Se busca reflexionar sobre la “metamorfosis del mundo del trabajo” enfatizando el despliegue de ciertas políticas de las sensibilidades que operan renovando condiciones para la re-configuración global de la mercantilización de los cuerpos y las emociones en el siglo XXI. Para llevar a cabo el propósito se presentará un análisis de carácter cualitativo, analizando algunas referencias empíricas en tanto experiencias paradigmáticas que dibujan el paisaje cotidiano de las ciudades del Sur Global. El desarrollo argumentativo se desarrollará en dos momentos: en primer lugar, se realizará una breve revisión de la literatura sobre las transformaciones aludidas, a partir de la cual se definirá categorías teóricas relevantes para su análisis. Y en segundo lugar, se examinará las condiciones de la gestión del trabajo a partir de algunos estudios de caso: los trabajadores de Call Centers y los denominados “emprendedores”, ambos de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina).
AVALIANDO O DESEMPENHO DA CAMINHADA: COMO A QUALIDADE DOS PASSEIOS INFLUENCIA A PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DO USUÁRIO IDOSO
Authors: Silva Júnior Luiz Gilberto , Kikuchi Fernando Henrique Nascimento , Potella Adriana
Published: August 2020

Na área central de Pelotas, a precariedade dos passeios impacta diretamente na locomoção de usuários com mobilidade reduzida, sendo assim, o problema de pesquisa centra-se na falta de manutenção e planejamento dos passeios públicos, que dificultam a caminhabilidade e a percepção ambiental em usuários idosos. Dessa forma, o objetivo dessa investigação é avaliar o desempenho da caminhada de idosos, em passeios públicos com pavimentação irregular. Com a aplicação do método entrevista caminhada, foi possível verificar que o usuário idoso perde uma grande quantidade de informações perceptivas, pois boa parte da atenção fica voltada para a identificação de irregularidades no passeio. Esse estudo verificou que a mobilidade do usuário idoso é influenciada pela descontinuidade nas texturas dos passeios, pois dificultam a aderência do piso e a pessoa pode desiquilibrar, interferindo no desempenho da caminhada.Palavras-chave: passeio público, percepção ambiental, idoso, desempenho dacaminhada, entrevista caminhada.
CENTRO INTERGERACIONAL DONA SOCORRO: PROPOSTA DE INTEGRAÇÃO ENTRE CENTRO DE CONVÍVIO PARA IDOSOS E CRECHE NA CIDADE DE CRATÉUS/CE
Authors: Teles Mateus Romualdo , Alcântara Cláudia Sales
Published: August 2020

A ideia desse trabalho é que os espaços livres e de convivência possibilitem a interação entre os idosos e as crianças. Objetivamos assim a pesquisa com a elaboração de um centro de convívio para idosos integrado a uma creche, onde ambos possam promover a interação entre as diferentes gerações e atividades conjuntas na cidade de Crateús – CE. Para isso, a metodologia foi estruturada em estudos bibliográficos referentes a idosos e crianças e ainda as relações intergeracionais; referências projetuais; aproximação com ambas as gerações através da aplicação de alguns instrumentos metodológicos – o questionário estruturado, poema dos desejos, observação incorporada e matriz de descobertas -, a fim de uma melhor compreensão das necessidades dos idosos, dos desejos das crianças. Os resultados obtidos apontam que para além da reforma da creche associada ao centro de convívio, os espaços livres e de convivência são de extrema significância na promoção dessa união entre as gerações.Palavras-chave: intergeracionalidade, espaços livres, idosos, crianças.
ACESSIBILIDADE EM ESPAÇOS ABERTOS: ANALISANDO O CENTRO DE SANTA MARIA
Authors: Dorneles Vanessa Goulart , Scharlau da Silva Maria Luísa , Farias Silvia , Aita Pippi Luis Guilherme
Published: August 2020

A apropriação dos espaços abertos preocupa os urbanistas que intencionam manter a vitalidade dos centros urbanos. Esta pode ser garantida através de boas condições de acessibilidade espacial. Este artigo se propõe a avaliar as condições de acessibilidade nos espaços abertos do Centro da cidade de Santa Maria. Nesta pesquisa, foram utilizados quatro métodos de avaliação do espaço: Inventário ambiental, para conhecer e identificar elementos dos espaços abertos; Checklist de acessibilidade, para analisar os parâmetros técnicos da norma ABNT NBR 9050/2015 de acessibilidade; Entrevistas, para saber como os usuários percebem os locais e quais suas necessidades neles; e por fim, o Passeio acompanhado, para entender como pessoas com deficiência ou restrição utilizam o local. No artigo são apresentados sinteticamente o resultado de cada um dos métodos, uma sistematização dos dados encontrados e uma breve sugestão de diretrizes para os locais estudados.Palavras-chave: arquitetura e urbanismo, acessibilidade espacial, desenho universal, espaços abertos.
AGEING IN AN UNEQUAL WORLD: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGE-FRIENDLY CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
Authors: Woolrych Ryan , Sixsmith Judith
Published: August 2020

The World Health Organisation (WHO) Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFC) agenda has become a key policy driver for delivering urban environments that support older people to age in place. The movement has led to positive interventions at a city and community level alongside evidence of effective partnership working. Despite this, there are challenges in terms of how best to address widening societal inequalities in old age, where access to the resources and supports to age well are often compromised.The aim of this paper is to explore the implications of these inequalities on the agefriendly cities and communities agenda with specific reference to the challenges and opportunities to ageing in place. In doing so we reflect on different forms of inequality that impact older people (spatial, social and political), and the role of intersectionality in understanding the multiple forms of disadvantage that impact the ageing process.We draw out some specific recommendations for moving forward with the AFC agenda which are important if coordinated approaches to addressing ageing in place are to be achieved: challenging ageing inequalities and place; supporting rights within the context of ageing and the city; co-production and AFC; and integrated working and AFC. Addressing these key areas are integral to ensuring that the supports are in place at a city and community level to provide the opportunities and structures to support older people to age in place.Keywords: ageing in place, age-friendly cities and communities, inequality, place, intersectionality.
HABITAÇÃO SOCIAL E COMUNIDADES RESILIENTES EM ÁREAS RIBEIRINHAS NO SUL DO BRASIL: O CASO DO PONTAL DA BARRA, PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Bandeira Dara Elisa , Calderipe Lara , Pressi Ana Lúcia , Portella Adriana , Ávila Chiarelli Lígia Maria
Published: August 2020

Habitar com qualidade é direito humano básico, porém, com o rápido crescimento das cidades, muitas regiões são negligenciadas. Como consequência, parte da população vive sem acesso à estrutura básica ou de qualidade de vida. As comunidades abandonadas pelo poder público trazem efeitos negativos como criminalidade e desigualdade social. O presente artigo trata de uma proposta de requalificação urbana e de habitações sociais para a comunidade do Pontal da Barra, no litoral da cidade de Pelotas no Rio Grande do Sul. O projeto foi desenvolvido como exercício na disciplina de Atelier da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Através da participação ativa dos moradores, foi possível desenvolver umprojeto sensível às necessidades dos usuários, respeitando a cultura já existente nolocal. Por possuir um alto índice de moradores idosos, a infraestrutura básica que a comunidade carecia precisava ser também inclusiva, especialmente àqueles que possuem dificuldades de mobilidade. A análise de referenciais e o estudo da região foram essenciais para atingir o objetivo proposto inicialmente pela disciplina que era de apresentar soluções de requalificação para a região, ampliando oportunidades de desenvolvimento e uma maior qualidade de vida aos moradores.Palavras-chave: habitação social, requalificação urbana, comunidades resilientes.
Transição vítrea e propriedades tecnológicas na secagem e temperagem de grãos de arroz em casca
Authors: Santos Geverson Lessa dos , Pohndorf Ricardo Scherer , Oliveira Maurício , Elias Moacir Cardoso
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a curva de transição vítrea e avaliar a influência da temperatura do ar da secagem, da espessura da camada de grãos e da implantação da etapa de temperagem (com isolamento térmico e hídrico), em grãos de arroz, classe longo-fino. O experimento foi realizado com uso de equipamento silo-secador de escala reduzida, ajustado para manter a temperatura média do ar de secagem em 30, 55 e 80 °C. A espessura máxima da camada de grãos, durante as secagens, foi de 0,45 m, dividida em três camadas (inferior, média e superior) de dimensões iguais. Imediatamente após a secagem, os grãos foram submetidos à temperagem durante 0 (sem temperagem), 120 e 240 min. Concluiu-se através deste estudo que a espessura da camada de grãos interferiu no tempo de secagem, com uma diferença de até 3 h a mais, da camada superior em relação à inferior. A implementação da etapa de temperagem preservou a qualidade dos grãos de arroz, onde a secagem com temperatura média do ar de 55 °C (40 °C nos grãos) e temperagem com duração de 240 min apresentou resultados equivalentes à secagem com temperatura do ar de 30 °C (considerada a de controle).
Characterization of Ficus benjamina and Artocarpus heterophyllus Proteases as Potential Rennet Alternatives
Authors: Sukmana Andreas Binar Aji , Widyaningrum Indy , Lani Rischa Karmila , Kasmiyati Sri
Published: August 2020

Rennet, a milk coagulant exhibiting proteolytic activity, is a crucial component in cheese industries. Its price and availability have discouraged the growth of some small scale cheese industries. Therefore, an alternative for rennet will be beneficial for the industries. Among other sources, plant proteases offer some advantages as rennet alternatives. This study aimed to investigate the potential of plant proteases obtained from the latex as potential rennet alternatives. A total of six plants from the genus Ficus and Artocarpus were screened for their proteolytic activity and milk coagulating ability. The screening indicated that all six tested plants displayed proteolytic activity at various levels, but only Ficus benjamina and Artocarpus heterophyllus produced a firm milk curd. Hence, both F. benjamina and A. heterophyllus were determined to be the most potential. Further characterizations suggested that F. benjamina and A. heterophyllus protease were optimum at pH 7.0 also at 50°C and 40°C, respectively. At their optimum conditions, both proteases exhibited a lower MCA/PA ratio than that of the rennet. This study contributed to scientific knowledge development by becoming the first to characterize the optimum conditions of F. benjamina and A. heterophyllus’ proteases, investigate their MCA/PA ratio, and compare their activity against commercial rennet. The examination of their potentials as rennet alternatives could benefit small cheese industries and the communities.
Raw Secondary Metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum T10 in Tapioca Flour Towards Cucumber Damping-off
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Ilahiyyah Hidayatul , Mugiastuti Endang , Manan Abdul , Rostaman Rostaman
Published: August 2020

Trichoderma harzianum is effective for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and producing secondary metabolites. When applied in the field, the raw secondary metabolites are quickly decreased directly by sunlight. One strategy to avoid degradation is the use of tapioca fluor liquid formula for biological control agents. This research aimed to obtain the most effective concentration of tapioca flour in development of raw secondary metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum T10, its effect on damping-off and growth of cucumber. This research was carried out at the screen house and the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University from September 2017 up to January 2018. The study was conducted in two stages, i.e., in vitro and in planta. The in vitro stage used completely randomized design with five repetitions and five treatments consisted of T. harzianum T10 in Potato Dextrose Broth, and in 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2% of tapioca flour media. In in planta, randomized block design was used with five repetitions and six treatments consisted of control, T. harzianum T10 in PDB, and in 0.5; 1; 1.5, and 2% of tapioca flour media. Variables observed were density of conidia, disease incubation period, disease incidence, AUDPC, maximum growth potential, germination ability, plant height, canopy fresh weight, root length, and fresh root weight. Result of the research showed that the highest conidial density (1.23 x 107 conidia mL-1) of T. harzianum T10 was found in 2% tapioca flour with an increase of 63.28% compared to the PDB. The tapioca flour of 1 and 2%, and PDB could suppress the disease incidence by 81.82%. The lowest AUDPC was at 2% tapioca flour. The raw secondary metabolites could not delay the incubation period significantly and increase cucumber plant growth. The novelty is the use of antagonistic fungi in terms of raw secondary metabolites and the discovery of tapioca flour with the right concentration to produce high conidia density and high raw secondary metabolites. The benefits are to find other cheaper ingredients in promoting antagonistic fungal growth and the use of antagonistic fungal bioactive compounds to control plant pathogen