bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculating dynamic thresholds for critical time to collision as a safety measure
Authors: Nadimi Navid , NaserAlavi Seyed Saber , Asadamraji Morteza
Published: May 2020

Surrogate safety measures have been recognised as suitable tools for a warning strategy. As one such measure, the time to collision (TTC) is the time remaining to a collision if the collision course and speed remain unaltered. To apply the TTC in discriminating dangerous situations, a critical threshold (TTC*) must be determined. However, a method for calculating this threshold is yet to be presented. Previously, the critical threshold has been considered as a constant value, but the value of TTC* changes the calculated probability for a crash at each time instant. In this work, a method was developed for calculating TTC* based on driver characteristics, environmental conditions, the type of preceding object and the microscopic traffic parameters of the subject vehicle based on an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system and motion mechanics. For this purpose, data were first collected from a driving simulator. Then, to compare the collision probability calculated based on a dynamic TTC* (DTTC*) and a static TTC* (STTC*), microscopic traffic data were obtained from Modares highway in Tehran, Iran. Assessments indicated that, statistically, there is a significant difference between DTTC* and STTC* results. This finding might help to enhance the capability of in-vehicle collision-avoidance systems to prevent rear-end collisions.
A machine learning approach for forecasting and visualising flood inundation information
Authors: Kabir Syed , Patidar Sandhya , Pender Gareth
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a new data-driven modelling framework for forecasting probabilistic flood inundation maps for real-time applications. The proposed end-to-end (rainfall–inundation) method combines a suite of machine learning (ML) algorithms to forecast discharge and deliver probabilistic flood inundation maps with a 3 h lead time. To classify wet/dry cells, the method applies rainfall–discharge models based on random forest technique on top of classifiers based on multi-layer perceptron. The hybrid modelling framework was tested using two subsets of data created from an observed fluvial flood event in a small flood-prone town in the UK. The results showed that the model can effectively emulate the outcomes of a hydrodynamic model (Flood Modeller (FM)) with considerably high accuracy measured in terms of flood arrival time error and classification accuracy. The mean arrival time difference between the proposed model and the hydrodynamic model was 1 h 53 min. The classification accuracy was measured against a synthetic aperture radar image, producing accuracies of 88.22% and 86.58% for the proposed data-driven model and FM, respectively. The key features of the proposed modelling framework are that it is simple to implement, detects flooded cells effectively and substantially reduces computational time.
Being a mother of a child with HIV-related Neurodevelopmental Disorders in the Zimbabwean Context
Authors: Munambah Nyaradzai , Gretschell Pam , Sonday Amshuda
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: There is a growing population of mothers caring for their biological children who are infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), in Zimbabwe. Many of these children present with HIV-related Neuro Developmental Delays (NDDs). The occupation of being a mother is a complex and multifaceted role geared towards caring for and nurturing children. The different ways in which mothers negotiate the unique circumstances linked to the occupation of being a mother to a child with diagnosis of HIV-related NDDs warrants exploration. AIM: The aim of the study was to describe the mother's experiences of engaging in daily occupations relating to caring for their child with HIV-related NDDs. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive qualitative study using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used to uncover the mothers' lived experiences of caring for their child with HIV-related NDDs. Data generated from phenomenological interviews conducted with five mothers were analysed inductively using a simplified version of the StevickColaizzKeen method FINDINGS: Two major themes, namely 'Ndozvazviri' (Resilient Acceptance) and 'Rekindled hope for the future' emerged from the findings. These themes revealed that caring for a child with HIV-related NDDs is a difficult and demanding role. Despite this, mothers accepted and found meaning in this caring role. Their meaning was expressed through the opportunity to care for their own child and to observe their progress in occupational development and engagement. These interactions created positive experiences for the mothers and rekindled their hope for the future of their child. DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Despite the huge demands associated with being a mother of a child with HIV-related NDDs, mothers were committed to this role and were reluctant to entrust this role to others. The findings of this study encourage occupational therapists designing interventions for families, to carefully consider how the mothering role positively shapes the identities of mothers caring for children with HIV-related NDDs. Key words: mothering, HIV-related NDDs, caregiver
Interventions for Primary Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A cross-sectional study of current practices of stakeholders in South Africa
Authors: Fewster Deborah Leigh , Uys Catharina , Govender Pragashnie
Published: May 2020

Background: Primary caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face many challenges potentially impacting their mental health and well-being. Given their role in childcare, it becomes essential that primary caregivers be recognised as health care users who should receive interventions towards improved health, well-being and quality of life (QOL). The study aimed to describe the content, structure and mechanism of delivery of interventions offered to primary caregivers of children with ASD, with specific reference to QOL, in South Africa.Method: A cross-sectional survey design was used to establish the interventions provided to primary caregivers as reported by health are and non-health care professionals who deliver interventions to children with ASD and their families, using an online questionnaire. Snowball sampling was implemented to access a sample of 61 respondents. Demographic data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Details of specific content of interventions were analysed according to identified intervention goals. Closed questions (binary and intensity scales) were analysed using frequencies and means and open-ended questions were thematically analysed with deductive reasoning using QOL domains as identified in relevant literature.Results: Demographics of respondents are presented. Content of intervention included goals towards, awareness about ASD,interventions beneficial for the child with ASD and interventions beneficial for the primary caregiver. The structure and mechanism of delivery of interventions are described. Three QOL domains, development and activity, as well as social and emotional wellbeing, were more commonly targeted in interventions. Physical and material wellbeing were targeted to a lesser extent.Conclusion: The QOL elements that are embedded in the described interventions described, highlight both strengths and limitations within current practices. Additionally, it is noted that interventions appear to primarily cater for the needs of the child, with gaps in catering directly for the needs of the primary caregiver. The mental health and wellbeing of the primary caregive is essential for the child with ASD to develop and achieve their optimal potential. Therefore inclusion of the social, emotional and health needs of the primary caregiver need to be overt with specific outcomes towards improved QOL within interventions.
Key words: primary care givers, quality of life, autism, spectrum disorders, interventions
Minimal Clustering of Injection-Induced Earthquakes Observed with a Large-n Seismic Array
Authors: Cochran Elizabeth S. , Wickham-Piotrowski Alexander , Kemna Kilian B. , Harrington Rebecca M. , Dougherty Sara L. , Peña Castro Andres F.
Published: May 2020

The clustering behavior of injection-induced earthquakes is examined using one month of data recorded by the LArge-n Seismic Survey in Oklahoma (LASSO) array. The 1829-node seismic array was deployed in a 25  km×32  km area of active saltwater disposal in northern Oklahoma between 14 April and 10 May 2016. Injection rates in the study area are nearly constant around the time of the deployment. We develop a local magnitude (ML) equation for the region and estimate magnitudes for 1104 earthquakes recorded by the deployment. The determined earthquake magnitudes range from ML 0.01 to 3.0. The majority of earthquakes occurred between 1.5 and 5.5 km depth, and the shallowest earthquake depths overlap with the base of injection wells at depths between 1.5 and 2.5 km. We compute focal mechanisms of the largest events (ML>2.0), and find a mix of normal- and strike-slip-faulting types. Earthquakes occur regularly in time during the deployment, but are not evenly distributed in space across the study area, that is, they are spatially clustered. Analysis of the nearest-neighbor distances in the space–time–magnitude domain shows the seismicity is dominated by single-event clusters (i.e., independent events). This high proportion of single-event clusters compared with multievent clusters has been previously noted for induced events at geothermal sites. When clustering occurs, the number of events in a cluster is typically small. We observe only four clusters with 10 or more events. For these larger clusters, we find equivalent numbers of foreshocks and aftershocks; however, the foreshock sequences are significantly longer in duration lasting days to tens of days, while aftershock sequences are observed only on the order of one day. The minimal clustering observed for events in the LASSO array suggests that the majority of events are being directly driven by stress changes due to local saltwater disposal.
Cheap Deployable Networked Sensors for Environmental Use
Authors: Antunes Alex
Published: May 2020

We profile the utility and limits in deployment of inexpensive disposable sensor networks by amateurs to achieve environmental monitoring goals. Four current technology movements — PC-on-a-chip processors such as Arduino, prebuilt sensors, 3-D printing, and Wi-Fi and mesh networking — enable rapid sensor platform creation and make it easy for non-specialists to create general sensor-bearing platforms. Deployment of a cluster of multiple sensor-bearing platforms is, however, communications-limited in terms of both range and number of devices supported, and generally requires a base station with internet access. We examine how inexpensive technology supports scenarios for short-term environmental modelling by average citizens.
Growth regulators, sucrose and potassium in the growth and biochemical activity of Curcuma longa L. micropropagated
Authors: Ferrari Meire Pereira de Souza , Queiroz Mayara Dos Santos , Andrade Matheus Marquezini de , Trettel Jéssica Rezende , Magalhães Hélida Mara
Published: May 2020

Curcuma longa L. is a plant widely used for its pharmacological and medicinal properties, however, does not have a conclusive micropropagation protocol.  The objective was to evaluate how growth regulators, sucrose and potassium influence the growth and biochemical activity of Curcuma longa seedlings grown in vitro.  Shoots were inoculated in culture medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminpurine - BAP (8.88 and 17.76 μM), Kinetin - KIN (0.92 and 2.16 μM) and naphthalene acetic acid - NAA (2.16 and 7.20 μM), potassium iodide KI (25 and 50 μM) and sucrose (30 and 60 gL-1). Growth regulators at the lowest concentration and 30 gL-1 sucrose promoted increases in growth of C. longa. Antioxidant activity was high in all treatments. The activity of the enzymes catalase and ascorbato peroxidase were increased in the two treatments that contained the highest concentrations of growth regulators. It is concluded that the addition of growth regulators such as cytokinins and auxins are fundamental to increase the number of leaves and growth of shoots in C. longa. Since the best concentrations are in the range of 4.44 to 8.88 μM of (BAP) and 2.16 of NAA. The addition of supplemental potassium in the culture medium is not necessary, and the beneficial effects of doubling the usual sucrose concentration are nullified if other constituents of the medium are altered. The antioxidant activity and enzymes had their activity altered, especially in treatments that did not contain growth regulators.
Comparative wood anatomy of two tropical species
Authors: Ferreira Cassiana Alves , Ribeiro Alessandra De Oliveira , Urbinati Cláudia Viana , Duarte Paulo Junio , Mori Fábio Akira , Moglio Beatriz Valente
Published: May 2020

Wood Anatomy is science field very relevant to understanding environmental climate changes and important in suggested to species conservation. The present study proposed the characterization of wood anatomy of Inga alba and Tapirira guianensis from two locations in the Legal Amazon, establishing ecological relationships between both and their habitat. The species were described and characterized according to standards for wood anatomy of IAWA. The quantitative data were submitted to ANAVA and later to PCA (principal components analysis). Qualitatively, characters such as slightly different growth layers, bounded by fibrous zones, diffuse porosity, diagonal arrangement, predominantly solitary vessel, simple perforate plate, libriform and septate fibers, heterogeneous rays were common the two species independent sites following the pattern for Tropical rainforests. However, there were quantitative differences for diameter and frequency mm2 of vessel, and frequency of rays per linear mm related in sites where substrates are most nutritious. As for diameter of pits, there were significant differences, however, in this case, related to species. Similarities between qualitative characters suggest that species inserted in the same environment, even if they belong to different rates, can share several adaptive characters.
Substrate in the initial development of pajeu seedlings
Authors: Cardoso Edvaldo Renner da Costa , Santos Rosemery Alesandra Firmino dos , Soares Stallone Da Costa , Ribeiro Maria Clarete Cardoso , Silva Fred Denilson Barbosa da
Published: May 2020

Triplaris gardneriana populary know as ‘Pajeu’ is a tree species with potential for recovery of riparian forests. The aim of this work was to evaluate the emergence and initial development of saplings in different substrates. The experiment was conducted in the didactic garden of the Campus Liberdade, from the University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, in the municipality of Redenção, Ceará State. A completely randomized design with six treatments and four replicates of 25 seeds was used. The substrates used were: soil, soil + humus, soil + compost, soil + manure, soil + humus + cattle manure and soil + humus + compost. Seedling emergence, emergence speed index, plant height and root length were evaluated. The substrate soil + humus + compost provided better seedling quality possibly due to the best physical characteristics, such as aerations and water retention.
Retrospective analysis of clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of patients diagnosed with langerhans cell histiocytosis from a tertiary cancer hospital in South India
Authors: Jacob Roshan Koshy , Karpurmath Shashidhar V. , Nandennavar Manjunath , Angadi Veerendra
Published: May 2020

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) comprises a diverse group of disorders where pathologic Langerhans cells accumulate in a variety of organs. Aims and objectives of the study is to analyse the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of patients diagnosed with LCH in a tertiary cancer hospital in South India.Methods: Retrospective analysis of the case records of patients presenting with histological proven case of LCH over a period of 7 years from 2011 to 2018, being treated at Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre.Results: 10 patients with biopsy proven LCH were included. The median age of diagnosis was 8 years (range 1 to 73 years) and 3 patients aged 18 years or older at the time of diagnosis. The male: female ratio was 3:2. Multisystem involvement was found in 4 patients (40%) and Single system Involvement in remaining 6 patients. Isolated bone lesions were found in 4 patients (40%), 1 patient had isolated Lymph node involvement; 1 patient had oral cavity lesion. None of the 4 patients with multisystem diseases had skin/mucosal involvement; 3 had bony involvement, 2 patients had lung involvement. One patients with multisystem disease expired while 5 patients were lost to follow-up. 4 out of the 10 patients are on regular follow-up and are in remission.Conclusions: Despite limitation by the retrospective nature, this descriptive study was done to provide further disease information regarding Indian population. Data from this study clearly confirms the known fact that most of the patients with Single System LCH have a very good response rate. Patients with multisystem disease have the highest risk of disease related mortality and morbidity as one among the 4 patients with multisystem disease died just after initiating treatment.
A comparative study between magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal sonography for evaluation of uterine fibroid using histopathology as a gold standard
Authors: Goyal Alka , Mehta Deeksha , Mangalhara Naresh K. , Poonia Sunita
Published: May 2020

Background: Uterine fibroids constitute a substantial bulk of patients presenting to Gynaecology department. Many newer imaging modalities have evolved for their correct evaluation, but in a developing country like India, ultrasound is still being used as a screening as well as diagnostic modality. So, this study was done to compare ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of uterine fibroids in terms of their sensitivity, specificity Trans vaginal  and positive predictive value using Histopathology as a gold standard so as to improvise on current clinical practices in this country.Methods: An ethically approved prospective study was done upon 50 patients with suspected uterine masses at SMS Hospital Jaipur. All included patients underwent Trans vaginal Ultrasound (TVS) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were accordingly treated surgically. Histopathology report was traced postoperatively. Data was collected and subjected to various statistical tests including Cohen’s kappa.Results: Most of the patients were <50 years and presented with complains of pain abdomen. Among total 50 cases, the sensitivity of TVS and MRI was 44% and 92%, specificity was 96% and 88%, PPV was 91.67% and 88.46%, NPV was 63.16% and 91.67% respectively, kappa was 0.40 and 0.80 i.e. agreement between TVS and MRI v/s HPE was 40% and 80% respectively. The diagonal agreement between transvaginal USG and MRI, was 63%.Conclusions: TVS is a good screening modality but MRI is definitely better for proper characterization and localization of fibroids enabling clinicians to select the most appropriate management in everyday clinical practice.
Evaluation of role of heart rate variability with holter monitoring in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Avula Naveen Reddy , Dighe Tusahr , Sajgure Atul , Bale Charan , Wakhare Pavan
Published: May 2020

Background: Chronic kidney disease is prevalent disease even in absence of diabetes and hypertension in 12% adults over 65 yrs of age. Autonomic imbalance is not studied in detail which could be a risk factor for chronic kidney disease.Methods: This Study was observational study in a tertiary care Hospital in pune, india and was conducted for a period of 1 year with sample size of 52. All subjects were known cases of chronic kidney disease from stage III to VD. All individuals of age >18yrs and eGFR ≤60ml/min/1.73m2 according to CKD- EPI equation were included in the study and who were not giving consent were excluded. 24 hrs Holter monitoring was done in stages from ckd stages III to V, for ckd stage VD on both Hemodialysis day and Non hemodialysis. Analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA) Windows software program. The paired t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test were used. Level of significance was set at p≤0.05.Results: In this study when Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were compared in different stages of ckd from stage III to VD (on Hemodialysis day) SDNN, SDNN Index were found to be statistically significant and on non Hemodialysis day SDNN Index was found to be statistically significant. In each subgroup of ckd stage V when diabetic subjects were compared with non-diabetic subjects, HRV parameters like ratio of P/S which was found to be low and significant in ckd stage V diabetic subjects.Conclusions: Chronic kidney disease itself can affect the HRV parameters. Causal relationship between HRV and chronic kidney diseases can be vice versa and further needs larger and prospective studies.
Association of mental and physical health of first year undergraduate students with ABO blood groups in an Indian urban medical college
Authors: Nikam Lalita H.
Published: May 2020

Background: Medical students tend to have greater stress levels than the general population. Present study aims to explore mental and physical health of first year medical undergraduate students and association with different ABO blood groups.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 99 first year students were segregated on the basis of ABO blood groups. Mental health was assessed using validated General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). For physical health, height and weight of each student were measured and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated.Results: Study shows higher prevalence of stress (GHQ-12 scores) of 54.6%. There was no statistically significant association of stress levels (GHQ-12 scores) and BMI with various ABO Blood groups using Pearson Chi Square test. On comparison GHQ-12 scores were highest for O blood group students and BMI values were greater in blood group B and O, but not significant. AB blood group had least GHQ-12 scores and BMI. On correlation of GHQ-12 scores with BMI, there was weak positive correlation.Conclusions: Blood groups have no association with mental and physical health status. Interventions in early phase to reduce stress in medical students will reduce incidence of obesity and related health disorders in future.
Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome in patients on alpha 1 blocker tamsulosin: incidence and predictability
Authors: Srivastava Anil K. , Gupta Alka
Published: May 2020

Background: Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) was first described by Chang and Campbell in year 2005 in male patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery who were on Tamsulosin, an alpha 1 blocker drug for their urinary symptoms for enlarged prostate. This condition was characterized by excessive floppiness of iris, prolapse of iris tissue through phaco and sideport incisions and progressive intraoperative miosis, resulting in increased surgical time and various major surgical complications compromising visual outcome.Methods: This study of 78 patients was undertaken to know the incidence and severity of IFIS as well as to predict its occurrence by observing maximum pupil dilation achieved preoperatively.Results: It was observed that majority of patients on tamsulosin dilated poorly and severe IFIS occurred in those with pupil dilation of 5 mm or less after putting mydriatic eye drops preoperatively.Conclusions: It was concluded that if IFIS was predicted and necessary precautions taken, postoperative complications can be reduced significantly with improved visual outcome.
A study of prevalence of tobacco use and related factors among medical students as per the Global Health Professions Student Survey protocol
Authors: Brar Manmohan , Chaudhary Neha , Ramakrishnan T. S. , Randhawa Avneet
Published: May 2020

Background: Physicians who smoke are less likely to ask patients about their smoking and initiate cessation interventions. Hence it is important to study the prevalence of tobacco use, attitude and training of health professional students. Objectives were to study prevalence and attitudes towards tobacco use and training related to tobacco cessation.Methods: Armed Forces Medical college-based cross-sectional survey by anonymous, self-administered questionnaire as per Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) was conducted. Data was compiled and analyzed for various variables as per the GHPSS questionnaire.Results: Forty-two percent of the students had ever smoked cigarettes and 24% were current smokers. Nearly one in five had tried their first cigarette before 20 years of age. Male gender was associated with smoking. There is a significant association between not smoking and support for smoking ban in public places. Almost all the respondents (98.1%) thought smoking should be banned in all enclosed public places. In light of 20.6% of all respondents who smoked in college buildings during past this year indicated a gap between their knowledge, attitude and behavior. There was a strong desire to quit smoking but only 42% reported receiving help/ advice to stop smoking. Only one in ten reported receiving formal training in smoking cessation techniques.Conclusions: The fight against tobacco can get a boost through interventions aimed at health care professional students. Active Interventions should be made to address smoking issues among medical students. Skill based medical school curriculum should incorporate and emphasize on acquiring effective smoking cessation skills.
Erenumab aooe: a milestone for the preventive treatment of migraine
Authors: Singh Gajendra Kumar , Kumar Ratan , Chandra Akash , Kumar Ajay , Kumar Upendra
Published: May 2020

Migraine is a complex neurological condition, which can affect the whole body and can result in many symptoms as nausea, vomiting, photophobia (Increased sensitivity to light), phonobhobia (Increased sensitivity to sound) and osmophobia (Increased sensitivity to smell). Neurological symptoms that include visual disturbances such as blind spots, distorted vision, flashing lights or zigzag patterns. Other common symptoms includes- dizziness, vertigo, tingling sensations in the limbs, an inability to concentrate, confusion, difficulty in speaking, paralysis or loss of consciousness (in very rare cases). These symptoms, often called ‘aura’. Migraine attacks may differ in their frequency, duration and severity, although, normally they last between 4 and 72 hours, and most people are symptom-free between attacks. There are many drugs for the treatment of acute attack of migraine which can be divided into mild, moderate and severe attacks. In mild case NSAIDs like Paracetamol, Ibuprofen are prescribed. In moderate cases Anti-emetics like metoclopramide, domperidone can be prescribe with combinations of NSAIDs or triptans as sumatriptan. In case of severe cases triptans can be prescribed with ergot alkaloids and antiemetics. Following drugs are prescribed for the prophylaxis of migraine as sodium valproate, amitriptyline (Tricyclic antidepressant), propranolol and metoprolol (beta blockers). Erenumab-aooe is a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist. It is specifically indicated for the preventative treatment of migraine in adults. Erenumab-aooe is supplied as an injection for subcutaneous use. The recommended dosage is 70 mg injected subcutaneously once monthly. Some patients may benefit from a dosage of 140 mg injected subcutaneously once monthly, which is administered as two consecutive subcutaneous injections of 70 mg each. Erenumab-aooe is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor and antagonizes CGRP receptor function.
A Principled Approach to Research Conducted with Inuit, Métis, and First Nations People: Promoting Engagement Inspired by the CIHR Guidelines for Health Research Involving Aboriginal People (2007-2010)
Authors: Jull Janet , King Alexandra , King Malcolm , Graham Ian D. , Morton Ninomiya Melody E. , Jacklin Kristen , Moody-Corbett Penny , Moore Julia E.
Published: May 2020

Research to address the health burdens experienced by Indigenous populations is essential. In the Canadian context, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada determined that these health burdens are the result of policies that have undermined opportunities to address community-level health needs. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research Guidelines for Health Research Involving Aboriginal People (2007-2010), or“CIHR Guidelines,” were prepared in a national consultation process involving Inuit, Métis, and First Nations communities, researchers, and institutions. This paper asserts that the principles espoused in the CIHR Guidelines hold ongoing potential to guide health research with Indigenous people in ways that promote equitable research partnerships. We encourage those in research environments to engage with the spirit and content of the CIHR Guidelines.
Analysis and Evaluation of Reed's Theory of Self-Transcendence
Authors: Abu Khait Abdallah , Sabo Katherine , Shellman Juliette
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose

Reed's theory of self-transcendence is a nursing theory originally derived from inquiry on well-being in older adults. It has since become a viable theory for promoting well-being in all age groups and health/illness experiences. The current theory analysis aimed to uncover the applicability of Reed's theory in promoting individuals' self-transcendence and enhancing well-being. Although there is a wealth of evidence supporting the usefulness of Reed's theory, little is known about how nurses can understand and apply the theory in clinical practice.

Methods

The authors of this current theory analysis adopted Meleis' (2018) approach to theory analysis and evaluation.

Results

Reed's theory provides concepts that relate to nursing interventions, which foster the patients' ability to experience multi-level self-transcendence and, thus, enhanced well-being. Applying Reed's theory in clinical practice underpins professional enrichment and brings forth holistic care that assists in facilitating well-being.

Conclusion

Reed's theory of self-transcendence propels the individual beyond constrictive viewpoints of self and the world. The theory is useful for patients at all life-stages and in many different contexts.

Relevance to clinical practice

Nurses can draw on Reed's theory to develop activities that enhance patients' environment in order to promote self-transcendence. These theory-based activities can expand healthy self-boundaries intrapersonally, interpersonally, transpersonally, and temporally.
Burials with arrowheads in graves of the Mazunino Culture in the Middle Kama Region
Authors: Khairullina O.F. , Chernykh E.M.
Published: May 2020

The paper is focused on burial grounds of the Mazunino Culture (or Mazunino stage of the Cheganda Cul-ture of the Pyany Bor Cultural-Historical Community by R.D. Goldina) in the Middle Kama Region. They date to the 3rd–5th c. AD and chronologically correlate with the Great Migration Period. The processes of major and minor migrations of that time had an impact on various components of the autochthonous Kama Region cultures. The focus of our research is the burials with throwing weapons, primarily arrowheads found in the Mazunino archers’ burials. The interest in throwing weapon was trigged by the heuristical observation of anthropologist Ivan G. Shi-robokov for the Boyar «Aray» cemetery, where the existence of morphological differences in a group of buried men with arrowheads was statistically proven. To examine this phenomenon, a working hypothesis was put for-ward: intra-group differences of one small necropolis could be reflected in the burial rite and the grave goods of all Mazunino archers’ burials. In total, 148 burials and 146 skeletons with arrowheads from 12 necropolises of the Mazunino Culture have been examined. The comparative analysis of the burial rite features demonstrated a sta-ble correlation between the presence of arrowheads and male burials. The archers’ burials correspond to the burial practices of the majority of the Mazunino population. Rare deviations suggest close relations between local communities and other cultures and ethnicities, primarily with nomadic tribes. Bone arrowheads as a primary weapon of the Mazunino warriors continue the previous traditions of the Ananyino, Pyany Bor (Cheganda) / Kara-Abyz Cultures. A comprehensive analysis of the inter-occurrence of implements in male equipment with arrow-heads allowed distinguishing two conventional groups of burials. The first one is characterized by the presence of only arrowheads in the burial equipment. These grave goods were typical for Mazunino population and consisted of ordinary belts, iron knives, beads, etc. The second group was significantly different, as these were individuals who were skilled in using various weapons, and their kit included various types of weapons for both close and long-range combat. Probably, there was a military gradation among such archers, which needs to be supported by analysis of a larger number of the Mazunino burials. The results of our work need to be verified using the an-thropological materials from other Mazunino burial grounds.
The Draft Genome Assembly of the Critically Endangered Nyssa yunnanensis, a Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations Endemic to Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Mu Weixue , Wei Jinpu , Yang Ting , Fan Yannan , Cheng Le , Yang Jinlong , Mu Ranchang , Liu Jie , Zhao Jianming , Xu Xun , Liu Xin , Drmanac Radoje , Liu Huan
Published: May 2020

Nyssa yunnanensis is a deciduous tree in family Nayssaceae within the order Cornales. As only 8 individuals in 2 sites recorded in Yunnan province of China, the species was listed as the China’s national grade-I protection species in 1999, and also as one of 120 PSESP(Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations) in Implementation Plan of Rescuing and Conserving China’s Plant Species with extremely Small Populations(PSESP) (2011-2-15). N. yunnanensis was also been evaluated as Critically Endangered in IUCN red list and Threatened Species List of China's Higher Plants. Hence understanding the genomic characteristics of this highly endangered Tertiary relict tree species is essential, especially for developing conservation strategies. Here we sequenced and annotated the genome of N. yunnanensis using 10X genomics linked-reads sequencing data. The de novo assembled genome is 1474Mb in length with a scaffold N50 length of 985.59kb. We identified 823.51Mb of non-redundant sequence as repetitive elements and annotated 39,803 protein-coding genes in the assembly. Our result provided the genomic characteristics of N. yunnanensis, which will provide valuable resources for future genomic and evolutionary studies, especially for conservation biology studies of this extremely threatened tree species.
SARS-CoV-2 Virion Stabilization by Zn Binding
Authors: Morante Silvia , La Penna Giovanni , Rossi Giancarlo C. , Stellato Francesco
Published: May 2020

Zinc plays a crucial role in the process of virion maturation inside the host cell. The accessory Cys-rich proteins expressed in SARS-CoV-2 by genes ORF7a and ORF8 are likely involved in zinc binding and in interactions with cellular antigens activated by extensive disulfide bonds. In this report we provide a proof of concept for the feasibility of a structural study of orf7a and orf8 proteins. We make the point that lack of cellular zinc, or substitution thereof, might lead to a significant slowing down of viral maturation.
Penyuluhan Tentang Bahaya Penyalahgunaan Narkotik, Psikotropika dan Zat Aditif Bagi Siswa Siswi SMA dan SMK Mutiara 17 Agustus
Authors: Dwitiyanti Dwitiyanti , Efendi Kriana , Supandi Supandi
Published: May 2020

The community services which was carried out entitled " Counseling About The Danger Of Narkotic, Psychotropics and Aditive Subtance Abuse For High School Students Mutiara 17 Augustus", aimed to increase students' knowledge and awareness of negative impact of drug abuse and to direct teenagers to channel energy in positive activities, as well as raising awareness raising and establishing self-defense against the dangers posed by drug abuse. The targets achieved were improving understanding and providing information regarding the use, dangers and impacts of drug abuse. Method of implementation of Empowerment Activities and Community Service to partners in the form of mapping of students by way of data the number of students, gender, age, hobbies, smoking/not. The counseling was done by describing psychotropic narcotic drugs and other additives, negative impacts of drug abuse, discussion and questioning, distribution of leaflets aware of drug abuse and evaluation. The result of this dedication shows the students have an increased understanding compared to before being given counseling about the drug and its harmful effects, thereby increasing students' awareness of the impact that can be generated.
Meningkatkan Nilai Jual Rajut Di Masyarakat Melalui Desain dan Media Sosial
Authors: Windanto Wisnu , Vanda Yoiceta
Published: May 2020

Kerajinan rajutan merupakan suatu produk rajutan hasil kerajinan tangan yang dilakukan secara manual. Tak sedikit produk fashion yang dibuat dari hasil rajutan, seperti baju, celana pendek, syal, sweeter, aksesoris, tas, dan produk yang lain. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra, diperlukan suatu metode pendekatan yang sudah disepakati antara pihak Perguruan Tinggi dan pihak Mitra, yaitu : Pelatihan Internet, Pelatihan Merajut untuk ibu-ibu PKK, pelatihan Desain Grafis, Pembuatan Situs (World Wide Web). Kegiatan yang sudah dilaksanakan pada Program Kemitraan Masyarakat, adalah sebagai berikut : Pelatihan Merajut, Pelatihan Internet dan Pengelolaan Manajemen Website, pelatihan desain grafis.Setelah kegiatan ini dilaksanakan, ada beberapa kesimpulan yang dapat diambil, yaitu :Masyarakat sasaran yaitu ibu-ibu PKK, yang mempunyai usaha rumahan rajutan. masyarakat sasaran yaitu ibu-ibu PKK mendapatkan ketrampilan yang lebih baik untuk dapat menghasilkan produk-produk rajutan yang lebih inovatif, masyarakat sasaran mampu mengakses internet dan mengelola website sesuai dengan keinginan masing-masing. Setelah pembuatan Website, penjualan meningkat 10% dibandingkan dengan penjualan sebelum menggunakan website.

 

Kata kunci: rajutan, website, pelatihan internet, pelatihan merajut.
Perancangan Materi Promosi Event Ramadhan Jazz Festival 2018
Authors: Nurshadrina Dianti Puspita
Published: May 2020

Dari tahun ke tahun, semakin banyak festival musik yang diselenggarakan di Jakarta. Salah satunya adalah Ramadhan Jazz Festival yang diselenggarakan oleh RICMA dan Warta Jazz. Festival musik ini dilakukan untuk menarik perhatian kaum millennial agar datang ke masjid dengan cara yang berbeda, yaitu dengan menghadiri festival musik jazz di Jakarta yang dapat dihadiri oleh semua khalayak Muslim ataupun Non-Muslim. Festival musik dapat diselenggarakan dengan baik apabila memiliki materi promosi yang sesuai. Materi promosi yang digunakan harus memiliki desain yang sesuai, serta elemen-elemen yang tepat agar pesan yang disampaikan oleh penyelenggara dapat tersampaikan dengan baik, sehingga minat kehadiran khalayak pun meningkat.

Kata kunci: materi promosi, festival musik, desain komunikasi visual, layout, tipografi, logo
Goal Attainment Scaling Rehabilitation Improves Satisfaction with Work Activities for Younger Working Patients After Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Hoorntje Alexander , Waterval-Witjes Suzanne , Koenraadt Koen L.M. , Kuijer P. Paul F.M. , Blankevoort Leendert , Kerkhoffs Gino M.M.J. , van Geenen Rutger C.I.
Published: May 2020

Background:

Knee arthroplasty (KA) is increasingly performed in relatively young, active patients. This heterogeneous patient population often has high expectations, including work resumption and performance of knee-demanding leisure-time activities. Goal attainment scaling (GAS) may personalize rehabilitation by using patient-specific, activity-oriented rehabilitation goals. Since unmet expectations are a leading cause of dissatisfaction after KA, personalized rehabilitation may improve patient satisfaction. We hypothesized that, compared with standard rehabilitation, GAS-based rehabilitation would result in younger, active patients having higher satisfaction regarding activities after KA.

Methods:

We performed a single-center randomized controlled trial. Eligible patients were <65 years of age, working outside the home, and scheduled to undergo unicompartmental or total KA. The required sample size was 120 patients. Using GAS, patients developed personal activity goals with a physiotherapist preoperatively. These goals were used to monitor patients’ goal attainment and provide goal-specific feedback during postoperative outpatient rehabilitation. Standard rehabilitation consisted of regular outpatient physiotherapy visits. The primary outcome measures were visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (scale of 0 to 100) for satisfaction regarding activities of daily living and work and leisure-time activities 1 year postoperatively, which were analyzed using generalized estimating equation models.

Results:

Patient satisfaction with work activities was significantly higher in the GAS group (β = 10.7 points, 98% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0 to 19.4 points) than in the control group. Patient satisfaction with activities of daily living and leisure-time activities did not differ between groups. We found no differences in VAS satisfaction scores between unicompartmental KA and total KA.

Conclusions:

Personalized, goal-specific rehabilitation using GAS resulted in higher patient satisfaction with work activities, compared with standard rehabilitation, 1 year after KA.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE FEELINGS OF PREGNANT WOMEN AT RISK OF PRETERM LABOUR
Authors: Sulima Magdalena , Makara‑Studzińska Marta , Lewicka Magdalena , Wiktor Krzysztof , Kanadys Katarzyna , Wiktor Henryk
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The aim of the study was an analysis of the feelings of pregnant women at risk of preterm labour.Material and method: 313 expectant mothers aged between 18 to 44 years (ranges: 18–25, 26–30 and 31–44 years) with no psychological disorders, hospitalized and treated due to the risk of preterm labour were surveyed. All the examined pregnant women expressed voluntary and informed consent for the participation in the survey. Each of the questionnaires given to the examined pregnant women contained: a questionnaire form devised by the authors, to establish the characteristics of the surveyed expectant mothers, and the following research standardized tool – Negative and Positive Feelings Scale by P. Brzozowski.Results: The value of the mean level of positive feelings state in the group of patients aged 31–44 years with higher education was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the mean value in the group of patients aged 26–30 years with secondary or primary/vocational education. Marital status and place of residence had no effect on the level of positive feelings as a condition of pregnant women in the study group (p > 0.05). There were no significant statistical differences (p > 0.05) between the level of negative feel‑ ings trait and age. It was found, however, that the level of negative feelings trait was significantly lower (p = 0.0009) in pregnant women with higher education than in pregnant women who had completed secondary education.Conclusion: 1. Among pregnant women at risk of preterm labour, higher levels of positive feelings were found in pregnant women aged 31–44 years with higher education, being married and residents of a provincial city. 2. In order to reduce negative feelings in pregnant women at risk of preterm labour it seems important to implement appropriate psychological and prophylactic management, provide adequate care in the pregnancy pathology department, as well as support from the medical staff and the family. These activities should be targeted particularly at younger women with primary education or vocational training, not being married and living in rural areas.
FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINTS AS A FACTOR RESPONSIBLE FOR SLEEP APNOEA
Authors: Ey-Chmielewska Halina , Teul Iwona , Lorkowski Jacek
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Functional disorders of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) in the contemporary population are considered by World Health Organization to be the third most frequent dental disease after caries and periodontitis. It is thought to affect 84% of the adult population. In patients aged 65 years and older these disorders become more severe and may affect up to 100% of this age group.Material and method: We examined 150 patients aged 35–70 years (mean age 46.5 years). All patients were diagnosed in 2006–2010 at the Department of Dental Prosthetics of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin due to suspected more or less advanced functional disorders of the stomatognathic system, particularly TMJ. The severity of the disorders was identified using the Helkimo index.Results: Functional disorders of the TMJ and mild sleep apnoea were diagnosed in 112 patients. Findings from the study indicated that the severity of sleep apnoea was positively correlated with the duration and severity of TMD.Conclusion: Most patients did not link the symptoms of sleep apnoea with dysfunctions of the stomatognathic system.
ANALIZA PRZYCZYN ODMÓW PRZYJĘCIA PACJENTÓW Z ROZLEGŁYMI RANAMI I AMPUTACJAMI RĄK, ZGŁASZANYCH DO SERWISU REPLANTACYJNEGO
Authors: Puchalski Piotr , Białek Michał , Chrąchol Joanna , Dec Paweł , Lesińska Anna , Żyluk Andrzej
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Total or partial upper limb amputation significantly reduces ability of normal functioning in the society. Development of microsurgical skills enabled to replantation of the amputated limb (or part) and to regain its partial or sometimes full function.Material and methods: The study analyses the causes of refusal of admission to 55 of 141 patients referred to the replantation service of the Department of General and Hand Surgery PUM, over the period 2012–2013.Results: The causes of denied admission included: injury without compromise of blood supply to the limb (35%), distal amputations (27%), crush injuries (11%), single finger amputation (9%), severe damage of the amputated part (9%) and lower limb amputations (5%). The age of the patient had no significant influence on the decision to refuse admission. The distance between the referring hospital and the replantation centre was statistically significantly shorter in accepted cases (252 km vs 496 km, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Our outcomes show a variety of causes of refusal of admission to patients with severe trauma and amputation of the hand. The main factors influencing decision making regarding admission or denial were associated with the actual danger to the survival of the involved limb, and estimation/calculation of the chance for limb saving.