bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing uncertainties in landslide susceptibility predictions in a changing environment (Styrian Basin, Austria)
Authors: Knevels Raphael , Petschko Helene , Proske Herwig , Leopold Philip , Mishra Aditya N. , Maraun Douglas , Brenning Alexander
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The assessment of uncertainties in landslide susceptibility modelling in a changing environment is an important, yet often neglected, task. In an Austrian case study, we investigated the uncertainty cascade in storylines of landslide susceptibility emerging from climate change and parametric landslide model uncertainty. In June 2009, extreme events of heavy thunderstorms occurred in the Styrian Basin, triggering thousands of landslides. Using a storyline approach, we discovered a generally lower landslide susceptibility for the pre-industrial climate, while for the future climate (2071–2100) a potential increase of 35 % in highly susceptible areas (storyline of much heavier rain) may be compensated for by much drier soils (−45 % areas highly susceptible to landsliding). However, the estimated uncertainties in predictions were generally high. While uncertainties related to within-event internal climate model variability were substantially lower than parametric uncertainties in the landslide susceptibility model (ratio of around 0.25), parametric uncertainties were of the same order as the climate scenario uncertainty for the higher warming levels (+3 and +4 K). We suggest that in future uncertainty assessments, an improved availability of event-based landslide inventories and high-resolution soil and precipitation data will help to reduce parametric uncertainties in landslide susceptibility models used to assess the impacts of climate change on landslide hazard and risk.
The Dynamic Coupling Between the Pulse Wake Mixing Strategy and Floating Wind Turbines
Authors: van den Berg Daniel Graham , de Tavernier Delphine , van Wingerden Jan-Willem
Published: January 2023

Abstract. In recent years control techniques such as dynamic induction control (often referred to as "The Pulse'') have shown great potential in increasing wake mixing with the goal of minimizing turbine-to-turbine interaction within a wind farm. Dynamic induction control disturbs the wake by varying the thrust of the turbine over time, which results in a time-varying induction zone. If applied to a floating wind turbine, this time-varying thrust force will, besides changing the wake, change the motion of the platform. This work investigates if the coupling between the Pulse and floater dynamics has an impact on the wake mixing performance of the Pulse. This is done by considering first the magnitude of motions of the floating wind turbine due to the application of a time-varying thrust force and secondly the effect of these motions on the wake mixing. A frequency response experiment shows that the movement of the floating turbine is heavily frequency-dependent, as is the thrust force. Time domain simulations, using a free wake vortex method with uniform inflow, show that the expected gain in average wind speed at a distance of five rotor diameters downstream is more sensitive to the excitation frequency compared to a bottom-fixed turbine with the same Pulse applied. This is due to the fact that platform motion decreases the thrust force variation and thus reduces the onset of wake mixing.
Benlik Saygısı ve Kontrolsüz Kredi Kartı Kullanımının Çevrimiçi Alışveriş Bağımlılığı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Aslan Melda
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, genç bireylerin benlik saygısı ve kontrolsüz kredi kartı kullanımının çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya, 388 genç birey gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. İlişkisel tarama modeli esas alınarak yapılan bu çalışmada Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği, Kontrolsüz Kredi Kartı Kullanımı Ölçeği, Çevrimiçi Alışveriş Bağımlılığı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 19,7 yıl olup, 213’ü (%54,9) kadındır. Genç bireylerde benlik saygısı kontrolsüz kredi kartı kullanımını %56,4 açıklamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, benlik saygısı ve kontrolsüz kredi kartı kullanımı çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığını %80,4 açıkladığı ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca, bireylerin internette geçirdiği süre, benlik saygısı, kontrolsüz kredi kartı kullanımı ve çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığında anlamlı bir farklılık oluşturmaktadır.
Sonuç: Birey sosyal olarak kabul görme, statü kazanma gibi benlik saygısının artışını sağlayacak pek çok durumun ürün elde edinimi ile gerçekleşebileceğine yönelik beklentisi, çevrimiçi alışverişe ayırdığı zamanı etkileyebilir ve kredi kartının kullanımda kontrolü yitirmesine sebep olabilir..
Blood Flow Restricted Cycling Impairs Subsequent Jumping But Not Balance Performance Slightly More Than Non-Restricted Cycling: An Acute Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Held Steffen , Rappelt Ludwig , Wiedenmann Tim , Deutsch Jan-Phillip , Röttgen Julian , Donath Lars
Published: January 2023

Chronic blood flow restriction (BFR) training has been shown to improve drop jumping (DJ) and balance performance. However, the acute effects of low intensity BFR cycling on DJ and balance indices have not yet been examined. 28 healthy young adults (9 female; 21.8 ± 2.7years; 1.79 ± 0.08m; 73.9 ± 9.5kg) performed DJ and balance testing before and immediately after 20min low intensity cycling (40% of power at maximal oxygen uptake) with (BFR) and without BFR (noBFR). For DJ related parameters, no significant mode × time interactions were found (p ≥ 0.221, ηp2 ≤ 0.06). Large time effects for DJ heights and the reactive strength index were observed (p < 0.001, ηp2 ≥ 0.42). Pairwise comparison revealed notably lower values for both DJ jumping height and reactive strength index at post compared to pre (BFR: -7.4 ± 9.4%, noBFR: -4.2 ± 7.4%). No statistically significant mode × time interactions (p ≥ 0.36; ηp2 ≤ 0.01) have been observed for balance testing. Low intensity cycling with BFR results in increased (p ≤ 0.01; SMD ≥ 0.72) mean heart rate (+14 ± 8bpm), maximal heart rate (+16 ± 12 bpm), lactate (+0.7 ± 1.2 mmol/L), perceived training intensity (+2.5 ± 1.6au) and pain scores (+4.9 ± 2.2au) compared to noBFR. BFR cycling induced acutely impaired DJ performance, but balance performance was not affected, compared to noBFR cycling. Heart rate, lactate, perceived training intensity, and pain scores were increased during BFR cycling.
O passado como distração
Authors: H. de Faria Pereira Mateus , Lopes de Araujo Valdei
Published: January 2023

Neste ensaio analisamos como o movimento populista encarnado por Bolsonaro se engaja com a história de uma forma que ativa sua base política heterogênea. Esses engajamentos parecem ser diferentes de alguns aspectos das cronossofias modernas, como o abandono da sincronização e a apresentação coerente de uma história nacional. Em vez disso, a nova historicidade populista da extrema direita brasileira se baseia mais no apego afetivo, uma performance histórica pragmática e altamente fragmentada que, como defendemos, mais se assemelha a uma historicidade que chamamos de “atualismo”. Para demonstrar a afinidade que vemos entre essa historicidade chamada de atualismo e a versão específica bolsonarista do chamado neopopulismo, este artigo está dividido em três partes. Primeiro, apresentamos o conceito e a teoria do atualismo. Em seguida, caracterizamos as dimensões neopopulistas do bolsonarismo, ou seja, o movimento cultural e político representado por Jair Bolsonaro. Por fim,  analisamos o novo populismo brasileiro em seus engajamentos com a história, especialmente as atuações da história pelos três secretários de cultura do governo Bolsonaro e como a desfactualização da realidade ganha força, criando as condições de possibilidade de o passado ser como um grande guarda-roupa cheio de imagens e modelos de prêt-à-porter.
SOCIAL PHYSIQUE ANXIETY, DISTURBED EATING ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS, AND PERCEIVED PRESSURE FOR THIN BODY IN COMPETITIVE RHYTHMIC AND AEROBIC GYMNASTS
Authors: Venetsanou Fotini , Ioannidou Christina
Published: January 2023

This study investigated social physique anxiety (SPA), disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors (DEAB), and perceived pressure for thin body by the “significant others” (coach, parents, peers, experts) in 41 female rhythmic gymnastics (RG) and 49 aerobic gymnastics (AG) athletes at competitive level. Moreover, the potential impact of gymnasts' BMI was examined and controlled. Results showed that BMI associated with gymnasts’ SPA, DEAB and perceived pressure, so its effect was controlled. There were no significant differences between RG and AG regarding SPA and DEAB, whereas AG athletes had higher parental pressure for thin body than RG athletes. When RG and AG data were merged, a high percentage (40%) of gymnasts presenting DEAB was revealed. Gymnasts with DEAB had significantly higher SPA and perceived pressure for thin body than those with normal eating attitudes and behaviors. These results underline the need for interventions involving “significant others” and aiming at DEAB prevention in female gymnasts.
Muslim Minority and Jihad: The Cases of Rohingyas and Uyghurs
Authors: Binti Mohamad Shukri Syaza Farhana
Published: January 2023

The minority Uyghurs in Xinjiang province, China, and Rohingyas in Rakhine State, Myanmar are facing civil and violent persecution by authoritarian governments. These minority ethnic groups are also Muslims. As the world watches in condemnation, there is curiously little traction by Islamic jihadist groups in these countries. That is not to say that their influence is absent in the regions: al-Qaeda in South Asia is taking advantage of the Rohingya refugee crisis and the so-called Islamic State was able to attract Uyghurs to their doomed caliphate. Nevertheless, this paper seeks to understand why jihadists failed to make much inroad in these places. It is important that we understand this phenomenon in order to undermine the influence of jihadists in other parts of the world. Using the framework of ethnic minorities living in Dar al-‘Ahd, this paper argues that the governments in China and Myanmar are oppressing a selective group of Muslims and thus making it difficult to build the case that they are at war with Muslims in general. This argument is based on the classical understanding of jihadism, which is to fight against foreign intrusion in Muslim territories, whereas the call to jihad against one’s government is a much recent and controversial innovation. Therefore, despite different types of persecution by the Chinese and Burmese governments, and the different response by the locals, there is a comparable relative absence of jihadist movements explained by the limited repression of specific Muslim minorities.
Legacy of Islamic Education in Russia Since the Bulghar Kingdom
Authors: Akhmetova Elmira , Rafikov Ildus
Published: January 2023

This paper provides a brief review of Islamic education in Russia from the tenth century until modern times based on the analysis of primary and secondary sources. The first part of the paper examines the role of Islam in Russian history and suggests that Islam played an important role in building what today is called the Russian civilisation. It also reviews the historical, educational system in the region and indicates that the Volga-Urals region was the centre of Islamic education and civilisation in the Muslim world for at least five centuries until Tsarist Russia colonised the area in the sixteenth century. The second part of the paper briefly elaborates on the educational reforms and provides an overview of Islamic periodicals published at the beginning of twentieth century in Russia. The final part of the paper focuses on the status of Islamic education in modern Russia and suggests that the decade of absolute religious freedom enabled the mushrooming of Islamic madrasahs and various kinds of religious literature. As this study finds, the restrictions on Islamic literature and activities were mainly proliferated after the tragedy of September 11, 2001, and they affected the well-being and security of local Muslims. Thus, this paper recommends a review of the Extremism Law of 2002 in light of basic human rights for faith and education.
The Bulgarian Early Cretaceous basin in the Tethys panorama
Authors: Nikolov Todor , Tzankov Tzanko
Published: January 2023

The Bulgarian Early Cretaceous basin developed within the northern periphery of the Tethyan Ocean adjacent to the European fragment of the Eurasian lithospheric plate. The basin was of a back-arc type, and formed over the Moesian microplate. It had an arc configuration convex to the North. An avolcanic island arc was situated South of it. Further South, a comparatively narrow interarc basin developed that was bounded to the South by a well-expressed volcanic island arc. The midocean zone of the Tethys Ocean passed through the Aegean.
Costirhynchopsis vidlicis (Urosevic, 1981) – a new brachiopod species for the Bulgarian Middle Triassic
Authors: Benatov Samouil
Published: January 2023

The new Triassic species for Bulgaria – Costirhynchopsis vidlicis (Urosevic, 1981) is studied by statistical methods, to determine the external morphology of the shell and by serial sections, for internal shell structure. By comparing description of Costirhynchopsis Dagis, 1977 and Fissirhynchia Pearson, 1977 it is accepted that the two genera are separate taxa, even though they are very close.
Methodological Approaches in Training Specialists of Professional Education of Motor Transport Profile for Teaching Road Safety
Authors: PRYIMAK VIKTOR
Published: January 2023

The relevance of the study is due to the dynamism of changes in all areas of activity, including the automotive industry. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the main ways of providing professional education in the field of motor transport, considering the current needs of the digital society. Among the methodological techniques used, theoretical and functional approaches, logical analysis, synthesis, deduction, and comparative methods are notable. In the course of the study, it is determined that now the intensity of the educational process and the activation of cognitive activity require new forms of training from future specialists, which provide an opportunity to learn a lot of material in a short period of time. It is proved that the need for new productive approaches to learning is due to the fact that today the amount of information and knowledge that students should possess has increased. The main reasons leading to an insufficient level of road safety in Ukraine in comparison with the countries of the European Union are highlighted. An important aspect of the work conducted is the identification of the main ways and methods to improve this indicator, primarily during the training of specialists in the professional education of the motor transport profile for teaching road safety. The main problems of training future specialists of this profile are investigated, in particular, the competence indicator is analysed. The use of modern innovative tools in the process of training future specialists is considered to overcome certain negative aspects. Features and prospects of digitalisation of the educational process are considered. The practical value of the results obtained lies in the fact that they provide an opportunity to improve the quality of knowledge provided in specialised disciplines and change the training system for higher education applicants in Ukraine
Social and Psychological Rehabilitation of War Veterans
Authors: TSURKAN-SAIFULINA YULIIA
Published: January 2023

The subject of the study is determined by the need for effective rehabilitation of war veterans and the presence of many problems of sociopsychological recovery after being in the zone of active combat operations, and the need to develop an effective rehabilitation programme for this category of people. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the features of socio-psychological rehabilitation, identify the relationship of physiological states with individual psychological components of the individual’s functioning in specific conditions of life, determine which measures are most effective for the establishment of areas of work in the aspect of socio-psychological rehabilitation of war veterans. The basis of the methodological approach in this study is the analysis and generalisation based on the results of the examination of scientific and theoretical material, which determines the establishment of conclusions and recommendations in the field under study. The following methods of scientific knowledge are used: dialectical, logical-semantic, system-structural, functional, and logicalnormative. The study proves the direct connection between the presence of a person in a war zone and their psychoemotional state. It is considered which psychophysiological disorders can be caused by involvement in armed conflicts. The conclusion is formulated that participants in military operations need social and psychological rehabilitation, and problematic issues and prospects for rehabilitation are outlined. Specific medical and socio-psychological aspects are highlighted, the avoidance or generation of which will help in the process of rehabilitation of military personnel and their families. It was identified that although psychological rehabilitation is generally conducted, it requires more government support, popularisation, and wider involvement of both war veterans and experts. Ways to improve approaches to providing psychological assistance to military personnel and their families in Ukraine are proposed. The conclusions of the study are of substantial importance for psychologists and social workers, psychology students and teaching staff of psychology faculties as a doctrinal basis for the educational process
Formation of Professional Competencies in the Study of Biophysics in Bachelor Students of Technological Specialities in the Context of Distance Learning
Authors: BATSUROVSKA ILONA , DOTSENKO NATALIIA
Published: January 2023

Mastering the “Biophysics” discipline, Bachelor students of technological specialities need a deeper understanding of the physical processes that occur in biological systems. According to the educational programme, as a result of studying biophysics, Bachelor students of technological specialities develop programme competencies. Considering the orientation of the education system to the competence approach and the needs of the present in the development of distance education, the relevant issue is the development of a structural-methodological plan for the development of professional competencies in Bachelor students of technological specialities in the context of studying biophysics during distance learning. The purpose of the paper is to form professional competencies in the study of biophysics in Bachelor students of technological specialities in the context of distance learning. The research work uses the following methods: survey, analysis of the quality of educational results, and statistical processing of results using a nonparametric statistical Mann-Whitney U-test Programme competencies in the study of biophysics in Bachelor students of technological specialities in the context of distance learning are outlined. It is proved that the distance course should contain information for conducting distance lectures, laboratory work, and practical classes. It is noted that the distance course should provide for the control of acquired knowledge during distance learning for Bachelor students of technological specialities based on test tasks, practical tests, and virtual-practical simulators. It is proved that test tasks, control sections and virtual-practical simulators provide monitoring of the results of educational activities of applicants for the higher education of technological specialities in the context of studying the “Biophysics” discipline in terms of qualitative and quantitative indicators: acquisition of competencies and obtaining points on the ECTS scale. The practical significance of the study is that as a result of such consistent work, the plan of which is covered, professional competencies are formed in Bachelor students of technical specialities in the context of studying biophysics during distance learning
Formation of Stereotypes of Human Behaviour under the Influence of Childhood Fears
Authors: SHCHERBAN TETIANA , BRETSKO ІRYNA , VARGA VIKTORIYA
Published: January 2023

The relevance of the study is due to the presence of a relationship that occurs between the emotional and intellectual development of the individual. Negative changes in the process of emotional development of a person lead to the fact that they are unable to use other structures, in particular, intelligence, and therefore develop harmoniously. As a basic emotion, fear is an integral part of the emotional field, as is the emotion of joy, sadness, and anger. Fear performs a protective function, but it also destroys the individual if it is irrational. The emotion of fear, arising in childhood, can be fixed and transformed into more acute manifestations, that is, into phobic disorders. Personality is formed under the influence of society, so a very important role in its development is played by models of upbringing in the family and those attitudes and prescriptions that a person learns from childhood. In adulthood, these patterns are manifested in the form of stereotypical behaviour, which substantially affects a person’s quality of life. Therefore, it is important to clarify how childhood fears can affect the individual in adulthood. The purpose of this study is to establish a link between childhood fears and stereotypical behaviour. A number of methods and techniques were used to achieve this goal, including theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalisation) and practical (D. McLain’s general tolerance for uncertainty scale; tolerance-intolerance of ambiguity questionnaire by T.V. Kornilova; questionnaire of childhood fears). The results of the study show that in the case when a person cannot safely live through fears as a child, they have an impact on the psychological well-being of the individual, which encourages the formation of psychological problems. It is proved that as a result of gender stereotypes in education, male and female fears formed in childhood differ markedly. Therewith, it is noted that certain stereotypes have a positive meaning in a person’s life if they do not suppress their psychological development. The research materials will be useful for practical psychologists in the education and social fields, and teachers
Развитие методического инструментария оценки и выбора высокотехнологичных инвестиционных проектов в рамках научно-образовательных центров (НОЦ) мирового уровня
Authors: Лавриненко Елена Александровна , Бондарева Яна Юрьевна , Лыщикова Юлия Владимировна
Published: January 2023

В сложившихся условиях значительную актуальность приобретает интенсификация процессов импортозамещения, особенно в высокотехнологичных сферах и секторах экономики. При этом реализация венчурных инвестиционных проектов в области развития высоких технологий связана со значительными и высокорисковыми инвестиционными затратами, а также необходимостью согласования интересов широкого круга стейкхолдеров проекта, таких как индустриальные партнеры, органы государственной власти и разнообразные институты развития. Несмотря на то, что создаваемые в России с 2019 года научно-образовательные центры (НОЦ) мирового уровня способствуют генерации большого числа качественных научных идей, на данный момент отсутствуют четкие методические рекомендации по отбору высокотехнологичных проектов в рамках НОЦ, что и определяет актуальность темы исследования. В статье авторами представлена дорожная карта отбора и реализации высокотехнологичных инвестиционных проектов. В развитие методического инструментария оценки и выбора высокотехнологичных инвестиционных проектов разработана скоринговая модель отбора проектов, представляющая собой набор критериев, в соответствии с которыми происходит оценка проектов и им присваиваются баллы, которые после суммирования позволяют отнести проект к одному из трех представленных классов.

Благодарности: исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания НИУ «БелГУ» FZWG-2020-0016, тема проекта «Фундаментальные основы глобальной территориально-отраслевой специализации в условиях цифровизации и конвергенции технологий».
Метод и алгоритм распознавания аварийной ситуации при перестроении автомобильными системами активной безопасности
Authors: Киреев Вадим Андреевич , Бобынцев Денис Олегович
Published: January 2023

Работа посвящена вопросам борьбы с дорожно-транспортными происшествиями посредством автомобильных информационно-управляющих систем активной безопасности. Рассматриваются аварийные ситуации, возникающие в результате ошибок, допускаемых водителями при перестроении. Определены общие принципы работы существующих систем помощи при перестроении, главным недостатком является недостаточная проработка вопроса реакции системы на неверные действия водителя, которые могут привести к дорожно-транспортными происшествиям. Целью исследования является повышение эффективности работы систем помощи при перестроении посредством метода обнаружения аварийной ситуации, отличающегося измерением условного бокового интервала между транспортными средствами в соседних полосах по данным, поступающим с радарного датчика, и распознаванием намерения водителя совершить перестроение по производной условного бокового интервала. Дополнительным критерием принятия решения об аварийной ситуации в предлагаемом методе является оценка безопасности условной дистанции по правилу трёх секунд, измеряемой по данным радарного датчика. Метод предлагается применять в легковых автомобилях, оборудуемых системой помощи при перестроении. Для проверки работы метода и уточнения применяемых параметров планируется имитационное моделирование дорожного движения автомобиля с системой помощи, использующей данный метод.
О природе низкого сопротивления ударным нагрузкам 12% Cr сталей с низким содержанием азота
Authors: Ткачев Евгений Сергеевич , Долженко Анастасия Сергеевна , Федосеева Александра Эдуардовна
Published: January 2023

12% Cr стали с низким содержанием азота выступают в качестве перспективных материалов изготовления лопаток паровых турбин тепловых электростанций. Было обнаружено, что сопротивление ударным нагрузкам таких сталей очень низкое, при комнатной температуре значение ударной вязкости не превышало 30 Дж см−2, что не отвечает требованиям, предъявляемым к материалам лопаток паровых турбин тепловых электростанций. Для определения природы такого низкого сопротивления ударным нагрузкам были проанализированы две 12% Cr стали с низким содержанием азота методами оптической металлографии, просвечивающей и растровой электронной микроскопий. Было выявлено, что в качестве источников, вызывающих хрупкое разрушение образцов, могут быть рассмотрены следующие структурные составляющие. Во-первых, крупные зерна дельта-феррита, границы которых декорированы крупными частицами, обогащенными хромом и вольфрамом. Во-вторых, крупные частицы W2B, обогащенные вольфрамом, равномерно распределенные по объему матрицы. В-третьих, карбиды М23С6 образуют непрерывные цепочки частиц вдоль границ мартенситных реек и действуют как хрупкие прослойки. Совместно эти элементы затрудняют распространение пластической деформации при ударных нагрузках.

 

БлагодарностиРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке внутривузовского гранта НИУ «БелГУ» «Молодые лидеры в науке» в рамках проекта «Наука ХХI века» программы Приоритет-2030.
Процесс принятия внешнеполитических решений в Королевстве Саудовская Аравия: основные институты и факторы влияния
Authors: Магазинникова Елизавета Алексеевна , Рыжов Игорь Валерьевич
Published: January 2023

В статье рассматривается процесс принятия внешнеполитических решений в Саудовской Аравии. Подробно описываются внутригосударственный, международный и индивидуальный уровни, поскольку из их взаимодействия складываются окончательные внешнеполитические решения. В исследовании ставится цель – проанализировать, какие формальные и неформальные ограничения влияют на процесс принятия решения на внутригосударственном уровне; какое место занимает Королевство в системе международных отношений; какую роль играет индивидуальный фактор. Исходя из полученных результатов, делаются выводы не только о факторах, влияющих на принятие внешнеполитических решений, но и определяются их значения при продвижении тех или иных интересов. Кроме того, отдельно подводится итог о когерентности, модернизированности и эффективности саудовской системы принятия решений в целом.
Благодарности: исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-014-00039А «Модели и риски сотрудничества в регионе Ближнего и Среднего Востока в первой четверти XXI века».
GUERRA DE FACÇÕES E ESTÉTICA DO TERROR Elementos de uma pedagogia da barbárie
Authors:   Luiz Eduardo Lopes Silva, Reis Ronaldo , Silva Luiz
Published: January 2023

This article has as its theme and object the war of the criminal factions of Maranhão in the second half of the decade 2011-2020, resulted in the consolidation of the power of organized factions operating in the State of Maranhão. Based on Benjamin, Agamben and Foucault, he reflects on the triad of violence-punishment-exception in state prison institutions. It analyzes the “soundtrack” of the videos clip produced by the criminal factions, aiming at categorizing the aesthetics of terror, promoting of the pedagogic of barbarism and the new ritualization of death. In addition, based on Williams and Thompson, the identity formation of a fraction of social class formed by young criminals from the periphery.
ERKEN VE GEÇ BAŞLANGIÇLI ALKOL BAĞIMLILIĞI TİPLERİNDE HAYATA KÜSME BOZUKLUĞU
Authors: TURAN Çetin , ÜNAL Süheyla
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Erken çocukluk çağı travmaları ve haksızlığa maruz kalmaya ilişkin yaşam olaylarının erken ve geç başlangıçlı alkol bağımlılığında travma sonrası hayata küsme bozukluğunun gelişimi ile ilişkisini gözden geçirmekti.

Yöntem: Araştırmaya seçkisiz ardışık örneklemle 18-65 yaş aralığında 89 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara sosyodemografik bilgi formu, Travma Sonrası Hayata Küsme Bozukluğu Ölçeği, Olayların Merkeziliği Ölçeği, Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği ve Temel İnanç Envanteri uygulandı.

Bulgular: Örneklemimizin Travma Sonrası Hayata Küsme Bozukluğu Ölçeğinde kesme puanı üstünde değer alan %79.5’lik grupta geç başlangıçlıların %87.1’i, erken başlangıçlıların %85.4’ü haksızlığa maruz kaldığını belirtti. Erken başlangıçlı alkol bağımlılığı grubunun hayata küsme bozukluğu ölçeği puanları anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti (p
Transference and Countertransference
Authors: Remmers Arno
Published: January 2023

Psychodynamic therapists use the interpersonal experience in therapeutic relations to understand the subconscious background of a clients disorder, use it for diagnosis, treatment plans, interventions and supervision. Transference and countertransference were defined and described in the article. In the presented article the five skills of the therapist were distinguished in the five stages of therapy, beginning with the perception of one’s own feelings in the transference.
Medical Education in COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ching-Shiang Chi Ching-Shiang Chi
Published: January 2023

Clinical medicine is an essential part of medical education for clerkships, internships, and continuous education for PGY 1 and PGY 2. It is also a foundation for high-quality healthcare services. Across all medical fields, quality training has been shown to be a key element in improving patient outcomes. It is important for medical students to assume roles that allow them to be involved in patient care in a clinical setting. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, all medical education systems were disrupted globally. Many students and learners worldwide were unable to go to school or receive training in person, due to the restrictions imposed to prevent or slow the spread of the disease. Remote learning has been widely accepted in education systems, including medical education programs. The effectiveness of promoting a medical student’s academic success and the well-being of each program depends on the professional capacity and practices of the school personnel. Leaders of hospital education departments need to be aware of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student training and think creatively to support maximum learning outcomes and maintain the quality of patient care.

 
Sternal Fractures Due to Blunt Chest Trauma: A Diagram of Management
Authors: Shi-Min Yuan Shi-Min Yuan
Published: January 2023

Objective: Sternal fractures due to blunt chest trauma become more common with increasing road traffic accidents. The outcomes of patients with isolated sternal fracture are promising. However, complicated sternal fractures are associated with injuries of the thorax and other organs, and the diagnosis and treatment are challenging. This article reviews the clinical features of sternal fractures due to blunt chest trauma and sum up a management diagram. Methods: Literature was retrieved in the PubMed, Google Scholar and “Baidu” Scholar for English articles published since 2011. The recruited articles were taken as study materials of this review. Results: The misdiagnosed rate was 5.53% for chest roentgenograph and was 6.25% for sonography in diagnosing sternal fractures. Sternal fractures were a complicated type with associated injuries of other organs in an absolute majority, while they were an isolated type in only 1.17% of patients. Only small portions of patients have an abnormal electrocardiographic finding and (or) an elevated cardiac enzyme level. Surgical treatment was necessary in almost 60% of patients and conservative in about 40%. The outcomes of patients were promising and patients with a poor prognosis were usually not due to the sternal fracture but due to the associated injuries instead. Conclusions: Isolated sternal fractures do not need routine admission but a pain relief. Patients with an abnormal finding of electrocardiogram and (or) an elevated cardiac enzyme level are recommend admitted for monitoring to exclude heart injury and for necessary conservative treatment. A surgical treatment of sternal fixation of sternal fractures are warranted for majority of patients with complicated/displaced sternal fractures. The outcomes of patients are generally promising.

 
Improving the Accuracy of a CNN Model by Preprocessing Input Images with Modified Filtering-masks
Authors: Tzu-Chin Yang Tzu-Chin Yang , Tzu-Chin Yang Yu-Kang Chang , Yu-Kang Chang Shao-Jen Weng , Shao-Jen Weng Jen-I Hwang , Jen-I Hwang Cheng-Chun Lee , Cheng-Chun Lee Ching-Chung Yang
Published: January 2023

We propose a concise method to improve the inference accuracy of a convolutional neural network model for image classification. The characteristics of the input images are sharpened by a modified 5 ´ 5 mask before training and testing. The practice data were acquired from liver cancer MRI scanning at a collaborative hospital. We established the datasets using separated scanned images, which were labeled 1 or 0 to represent images with or without a cancer focal area, respectively. Scanned files from 45 patients were adopted for this study with each of them providing hundreds of separated images. We predicted one patient’s longitudinal cancer position in the liver to illustrate the merit of our approach.

 
A 7-year-old Boy with Hematochezia Caused by Thrombosis in Portal Vein, Splenic Vein, and Inferior Mesenteric Vein. A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Shu-Wei Hu Shu-Wei Hu , Shu-Wei Hu Shu-Fen Wu , Shu-Fen Wu Shan-Ming Chen , Shan-Ming Chen An-Chyi Chen
Published: January 2023

Mesenteric vein thrombosis is extremely rare in children, with only a few case reports in the literature. Most mesenteric vein thrombosis cases involve the superior mesenteric vein. Acute mesenteric vascular occlusion is associated with a high mortality rate. Early detection and aggressive management are imperative to prevent thrombus progression, bowel infarction, and death. This report describes a 7-year-old boy who suffered from bloody stool for one week. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed no abnormalities, while a colonoscopy revealed only nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. A Meckel’s diverticulum scan revealed negative findings. Abdominal computerized tomography showed thrombi in the right portal branch, main portal vein, splenic vein, and inferior mesenteric vein. Symptoms were relieved after the patient was treated with rivaroxaban 10 mg orally once a day. This case report characterizes a rare cause of bloody stool in children. If a patient presents with hematochezia with or without abdominal pain, abdominal venous thrombosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis because of its high mortality and morbidity rate. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can save a patient’s life.

 
Preterm Spontaneous Rupture of A Scarred Unicornuate Pregnant Uterus: A case report
Authors: Hsu-Peng Chen Hsu-Peng Chen , Hsu-Peng Chen Kim-Seng Law
Published: January 2023

Uterine rupture is a life-threatening obstetrical complication. Most cases of uterine rupture are associated with a trial of labor with previous cesarean delivery or having a history of myomectomy. Herein, we describe a 33 year-old female with a spontaneous uterine rupture at 28 + 4 weeks gestation age resulting in a demised fetus. Fetal bradycardia and an irregular protruding “mass” over the left upper abdomen with no fetus in a boggy uterus were identified by sonography. An emergent cesarean section was performed and on entering the peritoneal cavity, a complete expulsion of the fetus and placenta from the uterine cavity was noted. A flaccid fetus without heartbeat with a large uterine ruptured scar extending from the left lower segment to left lateral wall were found. A right unicornuate uterus was confirmed later by hysterosalpingography and MRI. Spontaneous uterine rupture should be listed in the differential diagnosis of an acute abdomen during pregnancy.

 
Ectopic Pancreatic tissue of Stomach: Pathology, Endoscopy, Endoscopic Ultrasonogram and Abdominal CT Findings
Authors: Tang-Yi Tsao Tang-Yi Tsao , Tang-Yi Tsao Jen-I Hwang , Jen-I Hwang Ji-Kuen Yu , Ji-Kuen Yu Lien-Fu Lin
Published: January 2023

We present an intresting case of heterotopic pancreas(HP) of the stomach in the posterior wall of antrum in a 60-years old female. The endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonogram (EUS) and abdominal CT showed typical characteristics and with some vaiable appearances of this gastric lesion. The preoperation differential diagnosis includes gastrointestinal stromal tumor, leiomyoma, schwannoma and ectopic pancreatic tissue. The patient underwent laparoscopic wedge rsection. The frozen section and final pathologic diagnosis all confirmed ectopic pancreatic tissue. We also discuss the characteristics in correlation of the pathology with endoscopy, EUS and abdominal CT findings.

 
Sherlock Holmes and the Adventure of Lucid Dreaming: The Place of Oneirogenesis in the Science of Deduction
Authors: Chatterjee Arup K.
Published: January 2023

This article examines a much-underrated aspect in the Holmesian canon: dreams and the potential for dream-rehearsals by virtue of the brain’s “dream drugstore” faculty. Frequently described as “dreamy-eyed” or the “dreamer” of Baker Street, Holmes possesses powers of visiting scenes of crime “in spirit,” exhibiting powers of oneirogenesis. This unorthodox criminological strategy marks him as a critic of Western rationality, placing him in a genealogy dating back to Thomas De Quincey (who recorded vivid hallucinogenic dreams) and The Moonstone’s character Ezra Jennings (practically the first sleuth in Victorian English literature). In the Holmesian canon, (lucid) dreaming plays a subliminal role, which calls to question what this repressed unorthodoxy in Holmesian investigations implies for the detective’s preeminent science of deduction. Representations and adaptations that do not account for Holmesian oneirogenesis, are incomplete projections of the, ultimately and absolutely, human and oneirically harnessed faculties of the Victorian detective.
Discrepency between Disability and Reported Well-being after Traumatic Brain Injury in Developing Countries
Authors: Simair Ishfaque Ahmed , Ansari Najam-Us-Saqib , Magsi Abdul Ghafoor , Soomro Zuhaib Ahmed , Kumar Deepak , Dhingra Lal Chand
Published: January 2023

Aim: To study the discrepency between disability and reported well-being after traumatic brain injury. Study design: Prospective study. Place and duration of study: Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur and S. M. Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana from 7th July 2021 to 15th Jun 2022. Methodology: Two hundred and sixty patients suffering from brain injury were enrolled. The patient’s of traumatic brain injury which was represent able through brain computed tomography scan and was reported within 24 hours of the injury and age 10-55 years were included. Scoring tests as Glasgow outcome scale extended and Short Form as well as quality of life scoring was performed in all cases. Functional outcomes were also observed with a follow up of 6 month post traumatic brain injury. There were mild cases of traumatic brain injury as well as moderate to severe cases which for interpretation purposes were divided into two groups. Results: The mean age of these two groups was 36±3.5 and 29±9.7 years and there was more males than females. The satisfaction level for support from hospitalization was seen significantly higher in all cases with no significant variance while it was poorly reported from rehabilitation centers outpatient support to moderate to severe traumatic brain injury cases. The cases with severe disability of upper and lower regions have a very poor functional outcome in cases with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. The score for quality of life and mental physical well-being was not in normal ranges for moderate to severe cases of traumatic brain injury. Conclusion: There are discrepancies in patients reporting of well-being and disability outcomes in traumatic brain injury cases. Keywords: Discrepancy; Disability; Traumatic Brain Injury
Various Phenotypes related with Epilepsy in Autoimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Dhingra Lal Chand , Kumar Deepak , Soomro Zuhaib Ahmed , Magsi Abdul Ghafoor , Ansari Najam-us-Saqib , Simair Ishfaque Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Aim: To observe and analyses the epileptic phenotypes in autoimmune encephalitis ranging from acute symptomatic-seizures to autoimmune related epilepsy. Study design: Retrospective-observational cohort study Place and duration of study: Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur and Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana from 1st August 2020 to 30th September 2021. Methodology: One hundred and twenty seven patients who were enrolled with a new onset of seizures in reference to autoimmune encephalitis. Clinical as well as through para-clinical tests, including electroencephalogram, cerebrospinal fluid/neuroimaging techniques including magnetic resonance index or fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography was used for confirming the cases. Each patient underwent anti-nuronal antibody test and was grouped as positive or negative for the test and clinically compared. Results: There were 66 (51.96%) females and 61 (48.04%) males with mean age was 54±5.5 years. There were 62.9% cases who were having anti-neuronal antibodies as positive while 37.1% had a negative result. Majority of the positive group had multiple type seizures whereas SE was more common in negative group cases. There were 111 (87.4%) cases were given immunotherapy. Within these 111 cases the immunotherapy was effective in 60% of the cases. There were 81% cases with psychological as well as cognitive disturbances with 43.75% having long term sequel. The most common phenotype for seizure was focal impaired awareness seizures followed by focal bilateral tonic clonic seizures. Conclusion: Early onset of immunotherapy and recognition of seizures may avoid long term irreversible outcomes of sequela. Key words: Epileptic phenotype, Autoimmune encephalitis, Acute symptomatic seizure, Autoimmune associated epilepsy
Determine the Frequency of Factors Leading to Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Abdaal Maham , Iqbal Zafeer-ul-Hassan , Ghafoor Numan , Usman Muhammad , Hussain Saqib , Naqvi Mehi
Published: January 2023

Aim: To determine the frequency of factors leading to hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Internal Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical Universityfrom 01-07-2021 to 30-06-2022 Methodology: One hundred patients were included and divided into two groups. One group was those which developed hepatic encephalopathy while the other group was of those which did not develop any hepatic encephalopathy. Various risk factors and their frequencies were measured through a modelled hepatic encephalopathy pharmacological, clinical as well as demographic data. Comparison on the frequency of the variable seen in hepatic encephalopathy patients with non-hepatic encephalopathy was conducted for better assessment of the frequency of risk factors. Results: Seventy patients did not develop hepatic encephalopathy while 30 patients did develop hepatic encephalopathy. Fifteen patients had developed alcoholic liver cirrhosis followed by hepatitis C and non-alcoholic cirrhosis. Age greater than 60 years had a percentage of 60% within cases of hepatic encephalopathy only. Prevalence of hepatitis C cirrhosis in 36.6%, diabetes in 49%, cardiovascular disease in 51%, hepatocellular carcinoma in 6.6%, use of proton pump inhibitor in 63.3% were presented and were higher than who did not develop hepatic encephalopathy. Benzodiazepines, gamma aminobutyric acid [GABA]ergics, opioids and proton pump inhibitors each of them was associated with increased chances of hepatic encephalopathy. Conclusion: Hepatic encephalopathy was more commonly observed in older patients (60%) and more specifically in male population. Higher frequency of comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, ascites, alcoholic cirrhosis), CCI score and pharmacological drugs were identifiable risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy. Key words: Neurotoxicity; Cirrhosis, Complications, Hepatitis C, Deteriorate