bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thelazia leesei Railliet & Henry, 1910 (Spirurida: Thelaziidae) of dromedary camel Camelus dromedarius: further morphological description, molecular characterization, and epidemiology in Iran
Authors: Khedri Javad , Sazmand Alireza , Sadr Soheil , Said Mourad Ben , Uni Shigehiko , Otranto Domenico , Borji Hassan
Published: November 2024

Background

In camels, thelaziosis is mainly caused by Thelazia leesei Railliet & Henry, 1910, a little-known eyeworm species. Given the paucity of scientific data, this study aimed to provide new insights into the morphology, molecular characterization, and phylogenetic relationship of T. leesei and its occurrence in camels from Iran, where animals suffer from the high burden of eyeworms.

Methods

From December 2020 to November 2022, slaughtered camels (n = 400) of different sex and age groups were examined in Sistan-va-Baluchestan province in Southeast Iran’s local abattoirs. Adult eyeworms were fixed and stored for morphological identification by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products corresponding to the partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) of eyeworms were Sanger sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically.

Results

A total of 118 (29.5%) camels from all five counties examined were infected with eyeworms, with an abundance of 0.9 and a mean intensity of 3.2 (i.e., up to 18 worms from a single animal). The infection rate was higher in camels older than 4 years of age (P = 0.01901). Lachrymation was associated with infection in animals (P < 0.00001). The morphology of our specimens resembled that of T. leesei, with the exception of the position of the nerve ring and esophagus length. Genetic analysis showed that the cox1 partial sequences of our T. leesei specimens had genetic distances of 8.8% to 13.5% compared with other Thelazia species.

Conclusions

On the basis of the morphometrics and morphological characteristics, we identified our specimens as T. leesei. In the phylogenetic tree, T. leesei herein isolated formed a monophyletic group together with its congeners, and T. leesei formed a sister clade to T. lacrymalis. In addition, we demonstrated the epidemiology of the infestation of T. leesei in camels in the endemic areas of southeastern Iran. The data presented are crucial for better understanding the pathogenic role of T. leesei and developing effective treatment strategies. In particular, studies on the intermediate host(s) of T. leesei in these regions will support effective control strategies for this parasitosis.

Graphical Abstract
Finerenone attenuates downregulation of the kidney GLP-1 receptor and glucagon receptor and cardiac GIP receptor in mice with comorbid diabetes
Authors: Tran Duc Tin , Yeung Emily S. H. , Hong Lisa Y. Q. , Kaur Harmandeep , Advani Suzanne L. , Liu Youan , Syeda Madiha Zahra , Batchu Sri Nagarjun , Advani Andrew
Published: November 2024

Background

Several new treatments have recently been shown to have heart and kidney protective benefits in people with diabetes. Because these treatments were developed in parallel, it is unclear how the different molecular pathways affected by the therapies may overlap. Here, we examined the effects of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone in mice with comorbid diabetes, focusing on the regulation of expression of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) and glucagon receptor (GCGR), which are targets of approved or investigational therapies in diabetes.

Methods

Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high fat diet for 26 weeks. Twelve weeks into the high fat diet feeding period, mice received an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin before being followed for the remaining 14 weeks (DMHFD mice). After 26 weeks, mice were fed a high fat diet containing finerenone (100 mg/kg diet) or high fat diet alone for a further 2 weeks. Cell culture experiments were performed in primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), NRK-49 F fibroblasts, HK-2 cells, and MDCK cells.

Results

DMHFD mice developed albuminuria, glomerular mesangial expansion, and diastolic dysfunction (decreased E/A ratio). Glp1r and Gcgr were predominantly expressed in arteriolar VSMCs and distal nephron structures of mouse kidneys respectively, whereas Gipr was the predominant of the three transcripts in mouse hearts. Kidney Glp1r and Gcgr and cardiac Gipr mRNA levels were reduced in DMHFD mice and this reduction was negated or attenuated with finerenone. Mechanistically, finerenone attenuated upregulation of the profibrotic growth factor Ccn2 in DMHFD kidneys, whereas recombinant CCN2 downregulated Glp1r and Gcgr in VSMCs and MDCK cells respectively.

Conclusions

Through its anti-fibrotic actions, finerenone reverses Glp1r and Gcgr downregulation in the diabetic kidney. Both finerenone and GLP-1R agonists have proven cardiorenal benefits, whereas receptor co-agonists are approved or under development. The current findings provide preclinical rationale for the combined use of finerenone with the GLP-1R agonist family. They also provide mechanism of action insights into the potential benefit of finerenone in people with diabetes for whom GLP-1R agonists or co-agonists may not be indicated.
New Odonatan oviposition ichnotaxa from the Lower Jurassic of Iran
Authors: Hashemi Hossein , Sadeghi Solmaz , Wappler Torsten
Published: November 2024

Distinct, new oviposition lesion types, Paleoovoidus pyriformis ichnosp. nov. and Variomorphonotatus sagittaeformis ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov., occurring on two fossil compression Cycadophyte leaves from the Lower Jurassic Shemshak Formation of western Alborz Ranges, northern Iran are documented and compared with the previously instituted morphologically analogous taxa. Comparison of the shape and configuration of the scars with those of the modern zygopteran Odonata suggests that any member of the Lestid-damselfly produced P. pyriformis ichnosp. nov. whereas any representative of Coenagrionid-damselflies (damselflies-dragonflies) induced formation of V. sagittaeformis ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. In the absence, so far, of any entomofaunal evidence from the Shemshak Formation, the ichnotaxa documented herein offer unequivocal evidence to the presence of the Odonatan representatives in the Early Jurassic riparian ecosystems of northern Iran.
Intracranial pressure trends and clinical outcomes after decompressive hemicraniectomy in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction
Authors: Jung Jae Wook , Kang Ilmo , Park Jin , Lee Seungjoo , Jeon Sang-Beom
Published: November 2024

Background

Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI) is associated with a high incidence of severe disability and mortality. Decompressive hemicraniectomy has become a recognized treatment that can improve the prognosis for patients if performed within a certain time window. Nevertheless, despite this intervention, a mortality rate of approximately 20–40% persists following the surgery. The trends and clinical implications of intracranial pressure (ICP) in these situations remain unclear. We aimed to investigate whether intracranial pressure (ICP) trends are associated with clinical outcomes in patients undergoing decompressive hemicraniectomy for MMI.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with MMI who underwent decompressive craniectomy and received ICP monitoring after surgery. Using a linear mixed model, we categorized the patients into ICP increase and decrease groups based on the ICP values obtained over 192 h. We then compared the proportion of 3-month favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale of 0−4) and mortality rates between these groups.

Results

Of 112 MMI patients who underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy, 66 (58.9%) received invasive ICP monitoring. ICP monitoring was performed for a median of 146.5 h (IQR 72.5–181.8). Among the 66 patients, 37 (56.1%) were in the ICP increase group, and 29 (43.9%) were in the ICP decrease group. During the monitoring period, the initial monitored ICP and peak ICP did not significantly differ between the ICP increase and decrease groups. However, the ICP trend was significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, the ICP increase group had a significantly lower proportion of 3-month favorable outcomes compared to the ICP decrease group (adjusted OR 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01–0.59; P = 0.019), and significantly higher mortality in the intensive care unit (adjusted OR 6.98; 95% CI, 1.37–54.6; P = 0.031).

Conclusions

In MMI patients, continuous ICP monitoring could be useful for detecting those with an increasing ICP trend that may be associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes.
You say it‘s not me: the influence of offering external explanations of rejection and acceptance behavior on the perception of benevolence in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Schulze Anna , Rommelfanger Berit , Schendel Elisabeth , Kammler-Sücker Kornelius Immanuel , Lis Stefanie
Published: November 2024

Background

Interpersonal impairments in patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are characterized by the fear of being rejected and high levels of loneliness. Potential underlying factors are alterations in the processing of social interactions and the associated perceptions of social partners. In this regard, BPD patients tend to attribute the cause of negative rather than positive events to their own person and to perceive others as less trustworthy than healthy controls (HCs). To date, no study has investigated whether the effect of experimentally influenced causal attributions of social interactions on the perception of a social partner differs between BPD patients and HCs.

Methods

A new virtual reality paradigm was developed to investigate the perception of benevolence following the induction of social rejection and acceptance, while experimentally manipulating whether an external cause for this behavior was provided. The data of 62 participants (32 HCs, 30 BPD patients) were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. Associations of benevolence ratings with attributional style, rejection sensitivity, self-esteem, childhood trauma, and loneliness were investigated via correlational and multiple linear regression analyses.

Results

Across both groups, a social partner was rated as less benevolent following rejection than following acceptance. An external explanation mitigated this negative effect of rejection. Overall, benevolence ratings were lower in BPD patients than in HCs. This group difference was stronger following acceptance than following rejection. Independent of acceptance and rejection, an external explanation was associated with a higher level of benevolence only in the HC group. No associations of the effects of the experimental conditions with attributional style, childhood trauma, rejection sensitivity, self-esteem, or loneliness were found.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that acceptance and provided external explanations for rejection have a less positive impact on the perception of a social partner’s attitude toward oneself in BPD patients than in HCs. More research is needed to identify predictors of benevolence perception and which steps of social information processing are altered. The therapeutic implications include the importance of strengthening the perception and enjoyment of being accepted as well as improving the mentalizing ability of BPD patients.
Skeletal Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy, by Sex and Menopausal Status and Compared to Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Wu Karin C , Wu Po-Hung , Kazakia Galateia , Patel Sheena , Black Dennis M , Lang Thomas F , Kim Tiffany Y , King Nicole J , Hoffmann Thomas J , Chang Hanling , Linfield Gaia , Palilla Sarah , Rogers Stanley J , Carter Jonathan T , Posselt Andrew M , Schafer Anne L
Published: November 2024

Context

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has deleterious effects on bone mass, microarchitecture, and strength. The skeletal effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), now the most commonly performed bariatric surgical procedure, are incompletely understood.

Objective

We examined changes in bone turnover, areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and appendicular bone microarchitecture and estimated strength after SG. We compared the results to those previously reported after RYGB, hypothesizing lesser effects after SG than RYGB.

Design, Setting, Participants

Prospective observational cohort study of 54 adults with obesity undergoing SG at an academic center.

Main Outcome Measures

Skeletal characterization with biochemical markers of bone turnover, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, and high-resolution peripheral QCT was performed preoperatively and 6 and 12 months postoperatively.

Results

Over 12 months, the mean percentage weight loss was 28.8%. Bone turnover marker levels increased, and total hip aBMD decreased −8.0% (95% CI −9.1%, −6.7%, P < 0.01). Spinal aBMD and vBMD declines were larger in postmenopausal women than men. Tibial and radial trabecular and cortical microstructure worsened, as did tibial estimated strength, particularly in postmenopausal women. When compared to data from a RYGB cohort with identical design and measurements, some SG biochemical, vBMD, and radial microstructural changes were smaller, while other changes were not.

Conclusion

Bone mass, microstructure, and strength decrease after SG. Some skeletal parameters change less after SG than after RYGB, while for others we find no evidence for smaller effects after SG. Postmenopausal women may be at the highest risk of skeletal consequences after SG.
Catholic Converts Abandoned by Louis XIV
Authors: Takeda Junko Thérèse
Published: November 2024

In the first decade of the eighteenth century, two converts to Catholicism from Western Asia sought Louis XIV's patronage. One was Vakhtang VI, a crypto-Catholic Georgian regent imprisoned by Persia's Soltan Hosayn. He hoped to secure his release with the French king's help and establish himself as a political and religious ally in the Caucuses. The other was Avétik, an Armenian Orthodox patriarch from the Ottoman Empire imprisoned at the Bastille. He abjured Orthodoxy and became a Catholic priest in Paris. Ethnic and religious minorities from the Safavid and Ottoman Empires, Vakhtang VI and Avétik relied on conversion to forge partnerships with French representatives. They failed. This article explains why the French king snubbed these prominent converts from the Islamic world while unifying France under the banner of religious uniformity and projecting himself as the world's preeminent Catholic ruler. It centers the lives, voices, and writings of traditionally overlooked minorities who shaped French diplomatic conversations with Islamic empires from the margins and who remained particularly vulnerable to imperial violence. It also shows how including ethnic minorities in studies of France's engagement with the Safavids and Ottomans complicates our understanding of France's relationships with Islamic empires in the Mediterranean world.
Beliefs in Repeated Games: An Experiment
Authors: Aoyagi Masaki , Fréchette Guillaume R. , Yuksel Sevgi
Published: November 2024

This paper uses a laboratory experiment to study beliefs and their relationship to action and strategy choices in finitely and indefinitely repeated prisoners’ dilemma games. We find subjects’ elicited beliefs about the other player’s action are generally accurate despite some systematic deviations, and anticipate the evolution of behavior differently between the finite and indefinite games. We also use the elicited beliefs over actions to recover beliefs over supergame strategies played by the other player. We find these beliefs over strategies correctly capture the different classes of strategies played in each game, vary substantially across subjects, and rationalize their strategies. (JEL C72, C73, C92, D83)
Características de gestantes de alto risco e assistência ao parto em maternidade da rede cegonha no município de Fortaleza
Authors: Gomes Maria Elidiana de Araújo , Lima Maria Claudia de Freitas , Guimarães José Maria Ximenes , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso
Published: November 2024

Estudo com o objetivo de caracterizar as gestantes de alto risco por hipertensão arterial com assistência ao parto em maternidade vinculada à Rede Cegonha. Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado em Fortaleza, Ceará.  A amostra foi composta por 300 puérperas. Verifica-se que a maioria das participantes tem baixas condições socioeconômicas, vivendo em situação de vulnerabilidade social. A maior parte das puérperas teve acesso ao pré-natal, ainda no primeiro trimestre da gestação. Contudo, há dificuldades de acesso à maternidade de vinculação para o parto. Conclui-se que as gestantes de alto risco não contam com o sistema efetivo de regulação do acesso à assistência ao parto, caracterizando fragilidades na garantia dos direitos da gestante, além de comprometer a humanização da atenção ao pré-natal e ao parto.
Intenção empreendedora nos cursos de ensino a distância de um centro universitário
Authors: Ferreira Gabriele , Pereira Pinheiro Vanessa , Vieira Nogueira Júnior Ricardo , Gerhard Felipe
Published: November 2024

Há uma expectativa no ambiente acadêmico para o fomento e o incentivo de novos empreendedores. Ademais, conforme Guess, há alguns construtos relevantes, os quais são clima empreendedor universitário, programa de aprendizagem, atitude pessoal, intenção empreendedora e autoeficácia empreendedora. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender a influência do ambiente acadêmico em relação à intenção empreendedora. Para isso, um questionário protocolado pela Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students (GUESS) foi aplicado aos estudantes, obtendo-se 56 respostas. A análise de dados foi realizada a partir da Regressão Linear Múltipla, a qual indicou que 82% da intenção empreendedora é explicada pelos construtos.
Prospects of digital scientific publishing on blockchain: The concept of DAP
Authors: Skala Karolj , Šojat Zorislav , Maričević Josip , Davidović Davor , Bojović Viktor , Zubčić Tomislav , Kolarek Branimir , Pažin Dario , Tomić Draško , Slapnik Tadej , Pecimotika Mario
Published: November 2024

Background Traditional publishing models, open access and major publishers, cannot adequately address the key challenges of academic publishing today: Speed of peer review, recognition of work and incentive mechanisms, transparency and thrust of the system. Methods To address these challenges, the authors propose Democratisation of Academic Publishing (DAP) platform, which is based on the novel HashNET DLT platform. The DAP introduces several innovative components: tracking the activities of all participants in the peer review process using blockchain and smart contracts, the introduction of the Scholarly Wallet for holding reputation (non-fungible) and reward (fungible) tokens, the use of the Scholarly Wallet as the main interface to the DAP platform, the Virtual Editor that enables automatic discovery of the research area and invitation of reviewers, and finally the global database of evaluated reviewers, ranked by the quality of their previous work. Results The DAP platform is in the development phase, with the design and functionalities of all modules defined. An exception is the central component of DAP, the Scholarly Wallet module, whose first prototype has already been created, tested and published. The implementation of DAP is planned for the next phase of the HorizonEurope TruBlo project and other research initiatives. The DAP platform will be connected to the publishing ecosystem: 1) as a backend system (distributed blockchain database) for existing publishing platforms and 2) as a standalone publishing platform with its own API interface. Conclusions The authors believe that DAP has the potential to significantly improve academic peer review and knowledge dissemination. It is expected that the use of blockchain technology, the fast HashNET consensus platform and tokens for reward (fungible) and reputation/ranking (non-fungible) will lead to a more efficient and transparent way of rewarding all participants in the peer review process and ultimately advance scientific research.
Application of Conceptually Oriented Background Composition in Engineering Education
Authors: Serebryakova Natal'ya
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the results of a prospective randomized pedagogical study, in which a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of assimilation of conceptual material in the academic discipline “Fundamentals of Intellectual Property Management” was carried out as a result of the use of a specially developed abstract of the discipline in teaching. The new didactic format is based on conceptual ideas about engineering knowledge as dialectically related components of the fundamental conceptual component and the skills of obtaining information from the information sphere. The results obtained showed that in the study group, the efficiency of mastering the material, assessed by the average score, was pedagogically and statistically significantly higher. At the same time, the differences in qualitative performance were even higher.
STUDY OF SPATIAL GNOSIS IN OLDER PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH GENERAL SPEECH UNDERDEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nikolaeva E.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the concept of spatial gnosis, presents the levels of its development in children, and also describes the brain organization of this function. The author presents the results of a study of spatial gnosis in children of senior preschool age with general speech underdevelopment. During the experimental study, the levels of development in children of orientation in the diagram of their own body, in the objective world, and on a sheet of paper were established. In addition, the features of understanding and construction of quasi-spatial structures by the children who took part in the study were subject to analysis. As a result of the diagnostics, data were obtained that indicate the presence of difficulties in older preschoolers with general underdevelopment of speech in orientation in space, which were expressed in the erroneous definition and naming of spatial relationships between objects horizontally (“right - left”) and vertically (“above – below”) axis, the difficulty of understanding and composing constructions with locative meaning.
Oued Souf (Algerian Sahara): balancing rising groundwater and agricultural sustainability
Authors: Diaf Imene , Assia Lifa , Amar Mostfaoui
Published: November 2024

This research addresses the issue of rising groundwater in the Algerian Sahara, a paradoxical phenomenon given that the desert is typically associated with dryness. The cause of this rising water is the recharge of aquifers by wastewater from local activities resulting from poor water resource management. This has led to overexploitation of water resources in Oued Souf, posing an environmental threat and agricultural loss in the Ghouts. To sustainably manage these resources, it is essential to establish a management system involving all relevant stakeholders. Ultimately, sustainable groundwater management requires effective management of Sahara aquifers. This involves avoiding overuse and overexploitation, limiting excessive pumping, employing artificial recharge methods to replenish water reserves, and regulating water flows in watersheds to reduce rising water levels in the Sahara.
The role of the ketogenic diet in the treatment and prevention of diseases: A literature review
Authors: Barański Dawid , Węgrzyn Piotr , Węgrzyn Konstancja , Góra Agnieszka , Salińska Anna , Wasilewski Marcin , Skwara Julia , Nowicki Maciej , Laskowski Gustaw , Dąbrowska Natalia
Published: November 2024

In recent years the ketogenic diet (KD) has become more and more popular. This diet is used not only to reduce weight but also there are an increasingly amount of new researches with multiple possitives effects in some diseases, such as prevention in cardiovascular conditions, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, some types of cancers and psoriasis. This paper offers an overview of these various medical conditions in which ketogenic diet can be used. Furthermore we describe the mechanism and potential efficacy of the KD. The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched.
Neuroplasticity. How regular physical activity influences the brain’s structure and function
Authors: Dołęga Julia , Papież Łukasz, Stanisław , Mól Piotr , Maciejczyk Tomasz , Sieńko Antoni , Łabuś Małgorzata , Zabawa Bartłomiej , Hudzińska Patrycja , Krzykawski Karol , Sadowski Jakub
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cognitive decline. Exercise supports brain health and cognitive function, with potential benefits for neuroplasticity—the brain's ability to reorganize in response to demands and injury.
Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted using Pubmed and Google Scholar database with following search terms: “physical activity”, “neurogenesis”, “BDNF”, “neuroplasticity” and “cognitive function”.
State of knowledge: Neuroplasticity, the brain’s ability to reorganize and form new connections in response to learning or injury, is supported at the molecular level by various factors (e.g. BDNF or VEGF). Aerobic and resistance exercises have been linked to increased gray and white matter volumes, especially in regions critical to memory and executive function. These effects are valuable in preventing cognitive decline and improving mental health. Current research has also shown that the impact of exercise on neuroplasticity can be augmented through consistent, high-intensity activity, which supports neuroplasticity through hormone modulation. Furthermore, emerging technologies like neuroimaging have advanced our understanding of the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced brain adaptation, which holds promise for personalized interventions. 
Conclusions: This review focuses on the preventive and therapeutic potential of physical activity for neurological health, highlighting the need for continued research into how different forms of physical activity can influence neuroplasticity.
Analysis of the effects of immunotherapy depending on cancer subtypes on survival - a single center experience
Authors: Rudzińska Anna , Juchaniuk Pola , Oberda Jakub , Ponikowski Kacper , Gumółka Paulina , Jakubik Karol , Jeżak Mikołaj , Kalicińska Agnieszka , Doroszewska Angelika , Janiszewska Mariola , Szklener Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

Background: The type of tumor is a huge determinant of survival and treatment outcomes, particularly with immunotherapy, which uses the immune system to target cancer cells. The response to immunotherapy varies depending on tumor types and is influenced by factors such as genetic mutations and the tumor microenvironment.
Materials and methods: The present retrospective study analyzed records for 151 patients who underwent immunotherapy at a single center between 2019 and 2023. The cohort included adults diagnosed with solid tumors, primarily NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer). Immunotherapy agents included pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and others. Data on age, cancer stage, treatment response, adverse events, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were collected. Statistical analyses, including the Cox proportional hazards model, assessed the impact of tumor types and subtypes on survival outcomes.
Results: The median age of the cohort was 69 (SD, 10.3) years, and the majority of the patients were men (64.9%). NSCLC was the predominant tumor type (78.1% of cases). In comparison to adenocarcinoma NSCLC, squamous NSCLC showed a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) for OS (HR 1.49) and PFS (HR 1.47). Renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer had lower HRs, suggesting a better prognosis.
Conclusions: This study highlights how responses to immunotherapy can differ widely based on tumor type, emphasizing the importance of personalized therapy approaches. These insights underscore the need for further research to tailor immunotherapy more effectively to different cancer types.
Deep vein thrombosis - the review
Authors: Stępniak Karol , Telega Wiktor , Wnuczek Kinga , Wrona Joanna , Kaźmierczyk Aleksandra , Kęsik Jędrzej , Madycka Daria , Michta Kacper , Słaboń Małgorzata , Sobczyk Maciej
Published: November 2024

Deep vein thrombosis impacts between 2.5% and 5% of a population. It mostly affects lower-extremity veins and presents itself as pain, swelling, tenderness, and erythema of an affected region. Thrombus forms when at least one factor from the Virchow's triad is present - vascular damage, venous stasis or hypercoagulability. A range of clinical manifestations is very wide, from asymptomatic to life-threatening course of the disease. Post-thrombotic syndrome is a frequent complication that results in venous hypertension, which leads to tissue edema, subcutaneous fibrosis, and subsequent ulceration. In the diagnostic process, predominantly D-dimer assay and ultrasonographic compression test are performed. Noninvasive treatment relies on anticoagulation therapy which is based on direct oral anticoagulants, parenteral anticoagulants, and vitamin K antagonists. In specific cases, there is an option of invasive treatment, which involves inserting a catheter into a vein with a thrombus. Afterward, a thrombus can be mechanically fragmented and aspired or dissolved with the use of a thrombolytic agent.
Impact of Sport and Physical Activity on Urinary Incontinence: Does Exercise Act as a Protective Factor or Increase Risk?
Authors: Ptak Anita , Szyc Michał
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a health problem which affects women more often. The condition manifests itself as uncontrolled urine leakage. A basic distinction is made between stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Physical activity is commonly used in the treatment of UI. Interestingly, numerous studies show that athletes and especially female athletes are more likely to develop UI. In this study, we will try to answer the question of whether sport and physical activity have a protective effect or are a risk factor for the development of UI. In this review, we will focus on sports and physical activity that does not directly target pelvic floor muscle training.Aim of the study: A review of the literature on the impact of sport and physical activity on the prevalence of urinary incontinence in both sexes in different age groups and different health and fitness statusesMaterials and methods: A review of the recent literature available in PubMed and Google Scholar databases was conducted, using keywords such as ‘urinary incontinence’, ‘stress urinary incontinence’, ‘prostatectomy”. This review was enriched by urological guidelines on urinary incontinence.Conclusion: Urinary incontinence is a common ailment, especially among women. Particularly at risk are those who participate in high-intensity sports and do prolonged training, performing exercises such as jumping and sprinting. On the other hand, limited physical mobility is also a risk factor for incontinence. Keeping active in seniors can reduce symptoms. Exercises with positive effects include Pilates, which has very good efficacy in men after total prostatectomy surgery. Physical activity may also help to reduce body weight, as obesity is a recognised risk factor for urinary incontinence. Further research into the therapeutic use of exercises such as yoga and Pilates is warranted and may help treat patients with incontinence.
Athlete's Foot: A Common Fungal Infection in Athletes and Beyond. The Use of Terbinafine in Treating Tinea Pedis and Onychomycosis
Authors: Ptak Anita , Szyc Michał
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Tinea pedis is one of the most common skin conditions that often affects athletes, which is referred to by another name for the condition - Athlete's foot.  It is a fungal infection that manifests itself with symptoms such as itching, redness, exfoliating skin and cracking of the epidermis. The foot skin infection can spread to the nails, so in this review we will discuss both conditions. Terbinafine is an allylamine derivative with antifungal activity. It can be applied both superficially and orally. It is used to treat fungal infections, including tinea pedis and onychomycosis.
Aim of the study: The aim of this publication is to review the available literature to answer the question of whether terbinafine is an effective treatment for athlete's foot and onychomycosis.
Methods: Review of specialised literature in the field of dermatology and PubMed and Google Scholar databases by searching with keywords  such as athlete’s foot, tinea pedis, onychomycosis, terbinafine. 
Conclusion: Tinea pedis and often associated onychomycosis are a medical problem affecting a wide social group. Topical or systemic drugs can be used to treat the aforementioned conditions. Terbinafine, which is a drug belonging to the allylamines, is effective in the treatment of tinea pedis and onychomycosis and has a high safety profile. There are terbinafine products on the market in various forms, e.g. emulsions, creams, film-forming solution, pills, so it is therefore easy to choose a suitable and convenient treatment. The use of lasers such as CO2 fractional laser or Nd:YAG laser seems to be beneficial in the complementary treatment of onychomycosis with terbinafine.
Influence of Physical Activity on The Development of Osteoarthritis: A Review
Authors: Chodkowski Jakub , Grabowski Filip , Rulewska Natalia
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease, primarily affecting the elderly, with substantial impacts on mobility and quality of life. This review explores the role of physical activity in the development and progression of OA, analyzing both protective and adverse effects. 
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing studies from databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed on the effects of physical activity on OA. Analysis included longitudinal, cross-sectional, and interventional studies examining associations between physical activity levels, types of exercise, and OA onset and progression.
Results: Moderate, low-impact physical activity, including walking, swimming, and cycling, tends to have a protective effect on joint health by promoting muscle strength and cartilage resilience. However, high-impact or excessive repetitive activities, such as intense running or heavy weightlifting, are associated with a higher risk of OA, particularly in weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips. Moreover, individual factors, such as age, BMI, and previous joint injuries, significantly mediate the impact of physical activity on OA risk
Conclusions: Physical activity is a double-edged sword for OA; while moderate exercise may protect joint integrity, excessive high-impact activities may exacerbate OA risk, especially in predisposed individuals. Tailored exercise recommendations based on individual risk profiles could optimize benefits while minimizing OA development. Further research is needed to clarify dose-response relationships and to develop guidelines that balance the benefits of physical activity with OA prevention.
Overview of Meningitis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Targoński Oskar , Targońska Marta , Niekurzak Rafał , Madej Adrianna , Suława Adrian , Buczek Agnieszka , Basiak Aneta , Ptasiński Aleksander , Furgalska Julia , Fedorowicz Sebastian
Published: November 2024

Introduction and purpose:
Meningitis is a serious condition that requires quick diagnosis and rapid implementation of appropriate treatment. Every primary care physician should be particularly alert to symptoms that may suggest meningitis as the cause of a patient's complaints. The purpose of this article is to present the most common causes of meningitis, symptoms to which special attention should be paid during diagnosis, and the treatment used.
 
State of knowledge:
Meningitis is an inflammatory process resulting from the penetration of microorganisms into the cerebrospinal fluid - it can be caused by viruses, less commonly by bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Infections usually occur as a result of generalized infections through the transfer of pathogens via the bloodstream, although infections spreading through tissue continuity also occur.
 
Summary:
Meningitis is an inflammatory process resulting from the penetration of microorganisms into the cerebrospinal fluid - it can be caused by viruses, less commonly by bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Characteristic symptoms suggesting infection of the meninges can aid in diagnosis. Recognition of this clinical condition is a key element of diagnostics, as it requires absolute hospitalization, determination of the cause, and implementation of intensive treatment, as untreated meningitis can be associated with high mortality.
Does keto make the difference? A comprehensive review of its impact on physical activity, cognitive function and hormonal balance.
Authors: Papież Łukasz Stanisław , Dołęga Julia , Zabawa Bartłomiej , Krzykawski Karol , Maciejczyk Tomasz , Sieńko Antoni , Hudzińska Patrycja , Sadowski Jakub , Mól Piotr , Łabuś Małgorzata
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The ketogenic diet, characterized by high fat and low carbohydrate intake, has become increasingly popular among athletes and fitness enthusiasts due to its potential for supporting weight loss and enhancing metabolic health. This study aims to analyze the impact of the keto diet on physical and cognitive performance, as well as to understand the mechanisms and challenges associated with its use.
Materials and methods: A systematic review of available studies was conducted through extensive searches in databases such as PubMed, NCBI, and Google Scholar. 
State of knowledge: The ketogenic diet can be beneficial in endurance sports by improving fat utilization as an energy source and increasing energy stability, but its impact on aerobic capacity and time to exhaustion varies. In strength sports that require intense effort, carbohydrate restriction can negatively affect strength and muscle mass development, as glycogen is a key energy source in such activities. The ketogenic diet does not provide full benefits in high-intensity sports, such as sprints or team sports, due to limited glycogen availability. The ketogenic diet can improve body composition and metabolic efficiency in athletes, but its impact on performance depends on individual responses, and the adaptation process may involve challenges such as "keto flu." Ketogenic diet may positively impact mental health by reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Additionally, it may enhance sleep quality, particularly by supporting deep sleep, and potentially increase testosterone production.
Conclusions: The ketogenic diet can benefit endurance sports by improving fat oxidation and sustaining energy levels, though its effectiveness in high-intensity, glycogen-dependent activities is less certain. Strategies like TKD or CKD, along with performance monitoring, can help athletes optimize results.
SISTEMA DE PRODUÇÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA EM UM AHTS (ANCHOR HANDLING TUG SUPPLY)
Authors: Rodrigues Nunes Vinícius , Do Nascimento Oliveira Maria Francisca , De Alencar Carvalho Carlos Vitor , Musci Marcelo
Published: November 2024

O sistema de produção e distribuição de energia elétrica em embarcações do tipo AHTS (Anchor Handling Tug Supply) é fundamental para o seu funcionamento eficiente. Este trabalho explora a importância da energia elétrica de qualidade, destacando as principais máquinas e componentes envolvidos no fornecimento e na distribuição de energia. São discutidos os equipamentos essenciais e as dificuldades enfrentadas na ausência de eletricidade. Além disso, o estudo de caso de um navio AHTS específico ilustra a operação de um sistema elétrico de potência, enfatizando estratégias para maximizar a eficiência energética e reduzir perdas e custos operacionais. Essa análise é crucial para entender o papel vital da energia elétrica na segurança e eficácia das operações marítimas.
Educação financeira menor:
Authors: Brito Ynara Silva Luniere , Soares Guilherme Araújo , Dolzane Maria Ione Feitosa
Published: November 2024

Este artigo problematiza a substanciação das macropolíticas em Educação Financeira e apresenta a educação financeira menor como linhas de fuga para a prática pedagógica. Objetivamos investigar como práticas pedagógicas de educação financeira menor, no contexto ribeirinho e a partir de um projeto específico, transformam a sala de aula, influenciadas pela sociedade e cultura. Para isso, utilizamos o referencial teórico-metodológico pós-estruturalista, adotando a cartografia como metodosofia dessa pesquisa de mestrado, a qual requer o acompanhamento sensível do cartógrafo aos deslocamentos traçados nas composições de mapas abertos, suscetíveis a rasuras e mudanças de percurso. Nossos intercessores teórico-conceituais incluem Deleuze, Guattari, Gallo, Corazza e Paraíso, problematizando dois pontos principais: a) a criação do currículo menor, que emerge como um território de resistência para os professores; b) a educação financeira menor, vista como uma resistência e um escapamento ao estrato da Educação Financeira Maior, especialmente relevante para uma comunidade ribeirinha, que sobrevive do pescado, tanto para os estudantes quanto para os pais. Como considerações deste artigo, apontamos que essa fuga da educação financeira maior abre brechas que, a partir do vazio e da precariedade da sala de aula, possibilitam a emergência de novas possibilidades, fugindo de qualquer tentativa de controle e dando vida à educação financeira menor.
Construção coletiva de um trabalho docente antirracista na pandemia
Authors: Oliveira Cleidiane Lemes , Dos Santos Lorene , Zanardi Teodoro Adriano Costa
Published: November 2024

Este artigo objetiva apresentar e analisar as ações desenvolvidas por um grupo de professores(as) da rede pública municipal de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, na construção coletiva de uma educação antirracista durante a pandemia. Na pesquisa qualitativa, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com os(as) professores(as) que desenvolveram o projeto. Balizam essa pesquisa referenciais teóricos da área da formação de professores(as) e do currículo, no intuito de compreender de maneira complexa as ações empreendidas pelo coletivo de professores. Visibilizam-se as iniciativas do coletivo de professores(as) da Educação Básica pública como forma de desenvolvimento de insurgências curriculares, promovendo a resistência ao neoconservadorismo que avança sobre a escola. Os dados afirmam a importância do trabalho coletivo para o desenvolvimento da autonomia profissional docente e da construção de uma educação antirracista. Entre as conclusões, destacamos que a flexibilização e a multiplicação de tempos e espaços destinados ao trabalho coletivo são elementos fundamentais para a promoção de projetos integrados e interdisciplinares.
Effect of esketamine on reducing postpartum pain and depression
Authors: Lucke-Wold Brandon , Karamian Armin
Published: November 2024

In this editorial, we comment on a recent article by Chen et al , that addressed the effect of intraoperative injection of esketamine on postoperative analgesia and postoperative rehabilitation after cesarean section. Poor management of post-cesarean pain is associated with decreased maternal care for the baby, longer hospitalization, and higher risk of developing postpartum depression. Esketamine is a more potent S-enantiomer of ketamine which has shown promising analgesic and antidepressant properties for managing post-cesarean pain and depression in clinical studies. However, due to its potential adverse effects on the neurological and hemodynamic status of patients, it is recommended that its usage in low doses should be limited to cesarean candidates experiencing unbearable pain. Before any recommendation for routine perioperative use of esketamine, more standardized clinical trials are needed to strengthen our existing knowledge of its effectiveness in reducing postpartum pain and depression.
Late effects of the treatment of childhood cancer
Authors: Roganovic Jelena
Published: November 2024

Excellent progress has been made in the last few decades in the cure rates of pediatric malignancies, with more than 80% of children with cancer who have access to contemporary treatment being cured. However, the therapies responsible for this survival can also produce adverse physical and psychological long-term outcomes, referred to as late effects, which appear months to years after the completion of cancer treatment. Research has shown that 60% to 90% of childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) develop one or more chronic health conditions, and 20% to 80% of survivors experience severe or life-threatening complications during adulthood. Therefore, understanding the late side effects of such treatments is important to improve the health and quality of life of the growing population of CCSs.
Study on Traffic Anomaly Detection of Wireless Communication Network Based on Fuzzy Relation Equation
Authors: Liu Angran , Wang Ying
Published: November 2024

As the core technology of intrusion detection system, network abnormal traffic detection has always been an important research direction in academia and industry. Related studies show that the failure to find the abnormal situation in the network in time will cause incalculable damage to the computer system and even the whole network. With the emergence of large-scale lightweight terminal nodes, whose characteristics of low computing power and continuous data collection, a distributed abnormal traffic detection technology has emerged. As a kind of distributed structure with decentralized data, federated learning can not only protect local data privacy, reduce communication overhead, but also achieve the effect of centralized training, However, in the era of the Internet of Things with heterogeneous network integration and regular access of massive terminals, the network traffic distribution of different devices is differentiated due to the different security needs of diversified terminals. This will lead to the traditional federated learning-based network anomaly traffic detection facing two major challenges, the uneven data distribution leads to the model training cannot be optimized, and the distributed training global model is not suitable for local network anomaly traffic detection. The scheme of this paper showed significant advantages in the performance evaluation of backbone and mission UAVs, achieving an accuracy of 92.47% and 93.01%, respectively. In contrast, the accuracy of the traditional federated learning method is 89.87% and 89.11%, respectively, which is slightly lower than the present scheme. We propose a framework and algorithm for network anomalous traffic detection based on cluster federated learning. Taking the Internet of Vehicles as the background, the security requirements of the devices connected to the Internet of Vehicles are analyzed, and a set of federated learning data sets meeting the distribution of network traffic in practical applications are constructed with the field recognized data set KDDCup99. This paper verifies the excellent performance of the network anomaly traffic detection mechanism based on cluster federated learning in the case of heterogeneous data distribution.