bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Perceived Face Image on Cosmetic Brand Personality
Authors: Kim Yong Sook , Kim Hyun Hee
Published: January 2011

This document explains and demonstrates how Korean women perceive their face image and its’ effects on cosmetic brand personality. Face image was measured by the level of face satisfaction and face importance. 600 Korean women aged 20-39 were subjects of this study. 5 Korean cosmetic brands and 5 imported cosmetic brands were selected to measure cosmetic brand personality. Korean women were satisfied with their eyes, eyebrows, and lips but their satisfaction level was very low on face skin. The level of importance on facial parts was significantly higher than satisfaction level. Face image of unmarried women in 20’s with high income and pin money were higher than married women in 30’s with low income and pin money. Factors of cosmetic brand personality were consisted of aesthetics, integrity, interests, capability, and audacity. Face satisfaction of Korean women affected on aesthetics, integrity, interests, capability, and audacity of cosmetic brand personality. Face importance affected on capability of cosmetic brand personality.
Preparation and Antibacterial Activity of Poly (vinyl Alcohol)/Silk Fibroin Composite Nanofibers Containing Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Wen Li , Wang Jian Jun , Dai Li Xing
Published: January 2011

Silk fibroin (SF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solutions were prepared respectively by formic acid and deionized water as solvent, the solutions were then blended, and after that AgNO3 was added. The PVA/SF/AgNO3 solution was electrospun to form nanofibers. A number of particles were generated on the surface of nanofibers during electrospinning, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The diameter distribution of the nanofibers was narrow and the particles were nano-sized and well-dispersed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the composite nanofibers indicated that the component of the nanoparticles was silver. By annealing the composite nanofibers at 155°C for 5 minutes, the silver nanoparticles possibly clustered into the larger size. The size of Ag nanoparticles was 2.25nm without post treatment, and this value increased to 3.76nm after the heat treatment. The antibacterial activity of the heat-treated PVA/SF composite nanofibers containing Ag nanoparticles was evaluated and the resultant nanofibers showed strong antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Moreover, the antibacterial PVA/SF composite nanofibers containing Ag nanoparticles have the possibility to be used in wound dressing due to the electrospun PVA nanofibers could preserve the web structure in water after the heat treatment.
Purchasing Motives of Clothing Product by Chinese Woman Consumers’ Socio-Economic Variables
Authors: Park Jae Ok , Bae Kang Mi , Nam Ye Lan
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate difference in the purchasing motives of clothing product according to the socio-economic variables of Chinese women consumers. The subjects of the research were women in their 20s-50s who were residing in Beijing, China. A total of 312 questionnaires were used for final analyses. Socio-economic variables were measured upon being classified into educational background, occupation and total household income. Purchasing motives of clothing product were classified into ‘clothing design and seasonal adaption motive,’ ‘personality and fashion consciousness motive,’ ‘impulse buying motive,’ ‘influence from others motive,’ ‘economic factor motive,’ ‘advertisements and sales promotions motive,’ ‘own ostentation motive,’ and ‘clothing utilitarian motive.’ The consumers with high educational background was found to have high ‘clothing design and seasonal adaption motive,’ such as ‘Because design is attractive’; high ‘impulse buying motive,’ such as ‘Because attractive clothes have been found’; high ‘own ostentation motive,’ such as ‘To show off economic affordability’; and high ‘clothing utilitarian motive,’ such as ‘Because it can easily make a harmony in any place.’ Students showed high ‘clothing design and seasonal adaption motive,’ such as ‘Because design is attractive’; high ‘impulse buying motive,’ such as ‘Because attractive clothes have been found’; high ‘economic factor motive,’ such as ‘To purchase at low price during the term of discount; and high ‘clothing utilitarian motive,’ such as ‘Because it can easily make a harmony in any place.’ The consumers whose occupation was production worker showed the highest ‘advertisements and sales promotions motive,’ such as ‘Because free gift offered along with clothing is good’; and also the highest ‘clothing utilitarian motive,’ such as ‘Because it looks durable’; but the lowest ‘clothing design and seasonal adaption motive,’ such as ‘Because it makes a good harmony with own image and atmosphere’. Those whose occupation was desk worker/professional worker/technical worker showed the highest ‘advertisements and sales promotions motive,’ such as ‘After having seen advertisement delivered by mail’; and also the highest ‘own ostentation motive,‘ such as ‘To show off economic affordability.’ The consumers with high total household income showed high ‘influence from others motive,’ such as ‘Because of the recommendation by salesperson’; high ‘advertisements and sales promotions motive,’ such as ‘After having seen advertisement delivered by mail’; and also high ‘own ostentation motive,’ such as ‘To show off economic affordability.’
Evaluative Criteria of Apparel Product by Chinese Woman Consumers’ Socio-Economic Variables
Authors: Park Jae Ok , Bae Kang Mi , Nam Ye Lan
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this study is to find out difference in the evaluative criteria of apparel product according to the socio-economical variables of Chinese female consumers. The subjects of the research were some women in their 20s-50s who were residing in Beijing, China. A total of 312 questionnaires were used for final analyses. Socio-economic variables were measured upon being classified into educational background, occupation and total household income. And the evaluative criteria of apparel product were classified into internal criteria and external criteria. Compared to consumers with low education background, consumers with high educational background placed more weight on both internal criteria (the style and color of apparel product, harmony with wearer, material, sewing quality, convenience of washing and maintenance, fitness, size and wearing comfort) and external criteria (brand reputation, price, harmony with other clothes, personality expression, suitability for situation, suitability for age and social position, and reputation about product by people around). The Chinese female consumers whose occupation was student placed more weight on the following internal criteria: style, color, harmony with the wearer, durability, convenience of washing and maintenance, fitness, size and wearing comfort. They also placed weight on the following internal criteria: suitability for age and social position. Those whose occupation was salesperson/desk worker placed more weight on the internal criterion of style. Especially, those whose occupation was desk worker placed more weight on both the internal criteria of style and fitness and the external criterion of brand reputation compared to the consumers of the other occupation groups. And compared to the Chinese female consumers of the group with lower total household income, those of the group with higher total household income placed more weight on the following internal criteria: style, color, harmony with the wearer, material, sewing quality, convenience of washing and maintenance, fitness, size, and wearing comfort. They also placed more weight on the external criterion of country of origin.
Preparation and Characterization of Silk Fibroin Microspheres
Authors: Xie Rui Juan , Wu Hai Yan , Zhu Mei Nan , Huang Yang Yang
Published: January 2011

An improved method of water-in-oil-in-water (w1/o/w2) multi-emulsion was developed to prepare silk fibroin (SF) microspheres that had improved drug-loading amount and better drug-loading efficiency. SF and dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) were used as one water phase(w1), liquid paraffin was used as oil phase and isopropanol was used as the other water phase(w2). In the preparation process, isopropanol was also used to induce the crystallization of SF. The SF microsphere was mainly composed of silk II proteins. The drug-loading amount of SF microsphere ranged from 28.45 µg/mg to 79.21 µg/mg, and the drug-loading efficiency varied from 30.80% to 87.16%. The spherical morphology of the microsphere was observed by SEM. The particle diameter was measured by the Laser particle sizer and their average sizes varied from 7.41 µm to 66.10 µm. The drug releasing profile of the microspheres was measured in vitro. The burst release was significant when isopropanol-to-SF ratio was lower than 3:1，although the drug-loading amount and the drug-loading efficiency was high; It showed a higher drug-loading amount and efficiency, as well as an obvious continuous release effect when the ratio was higher than 4:1; It also showed a certain continuous release effect when the ratio was 4:1.
Expression of EGFP-Spider Dragline Recombination Gene in BmN Cells Using piggyBac Transposon-Derived Vector
Authors: Wang Jian Nan , Yi Hong Gen
Published: January 2011

A transformation system was developed for stable germline transformation in the silkworm Bombyx mori L. using piggyBac, a transposon discovered in the lepidopteran Trichoplusia ni, and a helper plasmid. The transposon consists of the piggyBac inverted terminal repeats, the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene as the reporter gene and the spider dragline gene. A nonautonomous helper plasmid encodes the piggyBac transposase. The transformation system was cotransfected into BmN (Bombyx mori L. Nucleopolyhedrovirus) cells using lipofection. PCR amplification on cellular genomic DNA using specific primers showed that a fragment of reporter gene, the spider dragline derived gene and A3 promoter were successfully amplified respectively. Plasmids without being transpositioned were not assayed. Green fluorescence cells were observed at 48 hours after transfection and the fluorescence intensity increased at 72 hours after transfection.
Reinforcement of Electrospun Nonwovens
Authors: Zhu Xin Sheng , Gao Qiang , Shi Xiao Li , Pan Qian Qian , Jiang Xiao Shan , Tao Ran
Published: January 2011

In this paper, the solvent mixing, polymer blending, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes(MWCNTs) reinforcing, steaming and heat treatments, and multi-layering with spunbond nonwoven were used to enhance the mechanical properties of the electrospun nonwovens of polystyrene(PS), polyvinyl chloride(PVC) and poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)(PPESK). The scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and mechanical measurement were applied to characterize their microstructure and properties. The results showed that, the optimal mixture solvent can increase the tensile strength of PVC nonwovens by over 5 times; the polymer blending substantially improves the mechanical properties of PPESK nonwovens since the mechanical properties of virgin PPESK was so fragile that no data were obtained; the addition of MWCNTs to PS, PVC and PPESK improves their mechanical strength; the steaming and heating measures can be good viable route to lead to high strength for all of them; the multi-layering technique by using common spunbond nonwovens can be used to strengthen the nonwoven mats if the interfacial adhesion between the two mats can be solved well.
The Effect of Ultrasonication on the Gelation Velocity and Structure of Silk Fibroin
Authors: Wang Yi Yu , Cheng Ying Dong , Liu Yu , Zhao Hui Jing , Li Ming Zhong
Published: January 2011

Silk fibroin hydrogels is an important morphous of biomaterial. As a natural protein collosol, purified native silk fibroin solution can be gelatinized under certain conditions. The main mechanism of the gelation is that the fibroin molecules turn into the β-sheet conformation from the random coils. This transformation of silk fibroin molecules would be influenced by various parameters such as the temperature, pH value, ion concentration and so on. In this paper, the effect of ultrasonication on the gelation velocity and structure of silk fibroin were discussed. It is believed that the cavitations caused by sonication could accelerate the process of gelation of silk fibroin. Our experiments demonstrated that the ultrasonic treatment could greatly reduce the silk fibroin gelation time, especially at a high sonication power exceeding 400W. The results of XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectra indicated that the ultrasonication had no significant effect on the final structure and composition of the silk fibroin gels except the acceleration for the molecular transition from random coil and α-structure to β-sheet conformation of silk fibroin. The SEM images showed freeze-dried fibroin gels close to the ultrasonication source had compact structure, while the structure was more loosening far away to the source.
Transcriptional Expression of Serpin-6 Gene in Bombyx Mori Larval after Infection of Bacteria at Different Developmental Stages
Authors: Zha Hong Xian , Yu Yan Fang , Wang Yan Yun , Sun Shan Shan , Wei Zheng Guo , Li Bing , Chen Yu Hua , Xu Ya Xiang , Shen Wei De
Published: January 2011

Serpins can block different steps in the activation cascade of prophenoloxidase (proPO) system, and play an important role in immunity of insect. In this paper, Haemolymph was collected from the 4th molting, newly moulted 5th instar and day-3 fifth instar larval challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Bacillus thuringiensis, respectively. The results revealed that the transcriptional level of Bmserpin-6 in different developmental stages showed a trend of rise first, then fall. Bmserpin-6 of the 4th molting larva expressed highest at 6h post-infection with LPS and 3h post-infection with Bacillus thuringiensis. Bmserpin-6 of newly moulted 5th instar larva expressed highest at 9h post-infection with LPS and 6h post-infection with Bacillus thuringiensis. Bmserpin-6 of day-3 fifth instar larva expressed highest at 9h post-infection with Bacillus thuringiensis. Bmserpin-6 was all highly induced and highly expressed in haemolymph of larval at different developmental stages. But The time to arrive the highest transcriptional level was different. This is inferred that the Serpin gene may play an important role in immunity of Bombyx mori.
Study on Structures of Electrospinning Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers
Authors: Wang Hui , Qin Xiao Hong , Cao Jian Hua
Published: January 2011

In this paper, the electrospinning of regenerated cellulose acetate (short as CA), acetone as the solvent, was basically studied, and the electrospinning setup used was self-designed. In order to explore the present condition of electrospun cellulose acetate nanofibers, the effect of traditional processing parameters on the cellulose acetate nanofibers was paid a lot of attention to, the influence of solution concentration especially, spinning voltage, the distance from spinneret to collecting screen on the morphology and the structure of the electrospun fibers. With a scanning electron microscope, the structures of the mats and the fibers were characterized and compared to the original acetate cellulose using an infrared spectrometer. It was concluded that the optimal processing parameters in the electrospinning were 8 wt%, 18 kV and 15 cm, respectively. Comparing the inner structure of the original CA and the electrospun fibers, the number of –OH groups changed apparently, this was mainly due to the dissolution.
Research on Water Resistance of Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofiber Mats
Authors: Dou Guan Xian , Qin Xiao Hong
Published: January 2011

In electrospinning, non-woven fabrics are commonly used as substrates to receive polymer nanofibers. Nanofiber mats formed in this process have many advantages, such as extensive application prospects in the thermal insulation, filtration, protection and so on. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is the main electrospun material with excellent physical properties, biodegradable properties, chemical resistance, and good mechanical properties in the dry state. However, PVA has a poor water resistance which limits its application. In this study, The PVA nanofibrous mats prepared by electrospinning were chemically crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) in acetone. Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry were employed to characterize the morphology and structure of crosslinked PVA nanofiber mat and PVA nanofiber mat. The differences of morphology and structure between the modified and nonmodified nanofiber mat were revealed. Such nanofibrous mat has good water resistance and excellent warmth retention property. Thus, the practical applications of PVA nanofiber mats were broadened.
Separation and Identification of Proteins Related to Fruits Ripening in Mulberry (Morus alba)
Authors: Liu Wen Qian , Zhou Li Li , Su Mei , Chi Xu Juan , Tan Jian Zhong
Published: January 2011

To elucidate the physiological mechanism of mulberry fruit ripening in protein level, differential proteome expression of mulberry fruits was analyzed by using 2-DE and mass spectrometry in different ripening stages, green ripe stage(G), half ripe stage(R) and pan ripe stage(P). A mulberry cultivator, “Da10” was used as experimental material. The results showed that separation of proteins with 2-DE were significantly improved by using phenol/SDS buffer for protein extraction. 441, 222, 328 protein spots were detected respectively in ripening stage G, R and P. Among them, differential expression of 31 proteins was more than 2-fold and 6 proteins were stage-specific expression. 8 differential proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analysis and database search, which were photosynthesis related proteins (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit), stress related protein (18kD winter accumulating protein), glucose metabolism related protein (cell wall invertase）and so on, suggesting that these proteins may play the specific physiological role in mulberry fruits ripening.
A Hydrophobic Bombyx Silk Preparation Using Sol-Gel Techniques
Authors: Hu Yi , Yuan Jing Hong
Published: January 2011

A hydrophobic bombyx silk achieved by sol coating is characterized. The agent was firstly prepared by Dodecafluoroheptyl-propyl-trimethoxylsilane（DFS）hydrolysis, then through a sol–gel process, it coated and gelled on the fiber surface with lower surface free energy using bombyx silk fabrics as a substrate. The results of the wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements (WAXD), TGA and DTG indicated that the thermal stability of the modified fiber was improved with the sol introduction. Scanning electron microscopic analysis (SEM) showed the morphology of the fibers in detail. The results indicated that the treated textiles had excellent water repellent property and water contact angle (CA) increased to 120.2 o.
Development of Bulky Silk Knitting Fabric
Authors: Guan Wei Bo , Zhang Xiao Ying
Published: January 2011

The denier of raw silk is enlarged by selected high denier cocoon silk and combined silk filament. The silk impregnating agent was mixed with hot water in order to enhance the softness of silk when reeling silk. After reeling, the silk and polyester partially oriented yarn（POY）were combined and textured by mechanical force and heat, and the silk multifilament with physic mechanical and geometric distortion was produced. Several silk multifilaments were fed together into the yarn carrier of coarse V-bed flat machine and grey cloth was knitted. The silk knitting fabrics with coarse style were produced through refining and drying. Such fabric, which bulkiness, elasticity and drapability are excellent, is suitable for kinds of knitting outer wear.
Influence of the Combined Treatment of Causticization and Low Temperature Plasma on the Properties of Polyester Fiber
Authors: Ren Yu , Deng Jia , Li Zhi Hong
Published: January 2011

In this paper, the polyester fiber surfaces were modified with the combined method of causticization and low-temperature plasma. The effect of Alkali pre-treatment on plasma treatment was studied to investigate the influence of the combined treatment on the properties of the polyester fibers. Through changing the process parameters, such as the temperature of causticization and the plasma treatment duration, the changes of weight loss, mechanical properties, wetting properties and dyeing properties of the polyester fibers after the causticization-plasma treatment were analyzed. In addition, the change of the surface morphology and chemical composition of the polyester fibers after the treatment was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis respectively. The results showed that the wetting and dyeing properties of the polyester fibers were improved in a higher degree after causticization-plasma treatment than the causticization and plasma treatment independently. Meanwhile, the wetting and dyeing properties were improved more significantly with the increase of the causticization temperature in the causticization-plasma treatment. It was concluded that the pretreatment of the causticization before the low temperature plasma treatment can accelerate the etching and oxidization towards the polyester surface during the plasma treatment.
Process Optimization and Performance Analysis of the Decorative Composites Prepared by Silk Fabric / PE Film
Authors: Chen Chao , Yu Yong Ling , Lv Li Hua , Cui Jing
Published: January 2011

The decorative composites composed of silk fabric/PE film were characterized by easy cleanness, corrosion-resistance, anti-oxidation and other virtues. In this paper, silk fabric/PE film decorative composites were prepared by hot pressing method. The optimum thickness of the silk fabrics and PE film was fixed by color difference analysis. The effects of hot-pressing temperature, hot-pressing pressure, and hot-pressing time on mechanical properties were studied through single factor analysis method at a certain thickness. The results showed that under the hot pressing conditions (temperature145 °C, pressure 3 MPa, time 4 min and thickness 0.3 mm), silk fabric/PE film decorative composites with ideal tensile strength, bursting strength, tearing strength and color vividness could be obtained. This paper provided an effective approach to the comprehensive utilization of silk fabrics for preparation of decorative composites.
13C CP/MAS NMR Spectroscopic Characterization of Native Silk Fibers
Authors: Zhang Wei , He Jian Xin , Wang Yan
Published: January 2011

Differences in secondary structure among Bombyx mori (B. mori) silk and two wild silks of Antheraea yamamai (A. yamamai) and Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) were investigated by CP/MAS 13C NMR Spectroscopy. The β-sheet structure was primary in three silk, and B. mori silk had the highest β-sheet structure. Although amino acid compositions are very similar for two wild silk, their secondary structures had significant difference. A. yamamai silk contained more α-helix structure, whereas more β-turn and random coil structures formed in A. pernyi silk. B. mori silk was mainly composed of anti-parallel β-sheet structure, however, the parallel β-sheet structure was advantage in the two wild silks, and A. yamamai silk contained more anti-parallel β-sheet conformation than A. pernyi silk.
Molecular Orientation and Crystalline Structure of Aligned Electrospun Nylon 6 Nanofibers: Effect of Gap Size
Authors: Kimura Naotaka , Park Jong Chul , Kim Byoung Suhk , Kim Ick Soo
Published: January 2011

We studied the effect of gap size on molecular orientation and crystalline structure of theuniaxially well-aligned nylon 6 nanofibers produced in the gap of the negatively charged metal plates. As evidenced by polarized FT-IR spectroscopy, relative intensity in several absorbance bands, including the N-H stretching, amide I, II, and III vibrations were found to be different in the parallel and perpendicular polarized FT-IR spectra. Moreover, X-ray analysis indicated that the metastable γ-form was predominant in the as-spun nylon 6 nanofiber, and was transformed into the thermodynamically stable α-form by increasing the cap size. These results suggested that the polymer chains were oriented perpendicular to the fiber direction. Molecular orientation to the fiber axis was enhanced as increasing the gap size.
Experimental Development of Lumbar Supporter and its Evaluation by EMG
Authors: Kanai Hiroyuki , Tsuji Hajime , Kamijo Masayoshi , Nishimatsu Toyonori
Published: January 2011

In this study, we attempted to produce experimentally a posture correction wear for prevention of 'low back pain'. Then physiological response (i.e. muscular activity and physical energy consumption) and psychological response (i.e.sensory evaluation) were measured when subjects walked on the treadmill wearing the posture correction wear or a commercial lumbar supporter. Fromthe result, the posture correction wear was evaluated ’easy to walk’ in psychological evaluation. It was also found that the posture correction wear gave low constraint on walking, because the muscular activity related to a behavior of coxa was lower when subjects wore the posture correction wear.
Drafting Force Forecasting Using Genetic Programming
Authors: Nibikora Ildephonse , Wang Jun
Published: January 2011

Genetic programming was used to find out a mathematical model for drafting force from drafting process parameters on the drawing frame, which fits the experimental data as much as possible. The study used rayon fibers as the raw material in the mini-draw frame. The process parameters on the draw frame such as front roller speed, front roller draft, back roller speed and back roller draft as variables were investigated. The paper used the principle that there is linear relationship between drafting force and deformation from the strain gauges in the sensor. The data obtained from online measurement device was used for training and testing on the genetic programming. A comparison between experimental and predicted data was done. The results show very good agreement between the experimental and predicted values. Furthermore, this article shows that genetic programming can provide further use for setting up the machine process parameters without requiring an expert in the field.
Feature Extraction Using Auto-Regression Spectral Analysis for Fabric Defect Detection
Authors: Zhou Jian , Bu Hong Gang , Wang Jun
Published: January 2011

A new feature extraction method for fabric defect detection is proposed, which is based on one-dimensional projection series of fabric images. By using horizontal projection and vertical projection of the image, the characteristics of periodicity and orientation of fabric texture can be fully utilized. In terms of detection defects, it helps acquire information at most, and the computational complexity can also be greatly decreased with one-dimensional projection series. The proposed new method, named Auto-Regressive spectral analysis (AR), is a kind of modern spectral analysis method which is very suitable for analyzing short data with a high spectral resolution. The Burg algorithm is applied to estimate the AR spectrum. Finally, t-test is applied to verify the effectiveness of AR spectral features. This approach has been applied to various cases of defect detections with satisfactory results.
The Design of Untwisted Yarn-Dyed Dobby Double-Faced Fabric
Authors: Sun Lan Shou , Guan Xiao Ning , Liu Qing , Yu Wei Dong
Published: January 2011

In this paper, our discussion was focused on the design of untwisted fabric and its characteristics, the computer flat and three-dimensional simulation diagram of the untwisted fabric in addition to the preparation of untwisted yarn. The untwisted jacquard was made with fluffy and soft features, good moisture absorption and quick desiccation, mostly as top grade night-suit and bed blanket. It will be well accepted in clothing market.
Dynamic Detection and Analysis of Raw Silk’s Flatness
Authors: Zhang Xin , Xu Yi Quan , Meng Kai , Chen Qing Guan
Published: January 2011

The shape of most raw silk’s cross-section can be regarded as ellipse approximately. Axial length of the raw silk’s cross-section was detected and recorded dynamically by photoelectric sensor combined with the software of LabVIEW. Two photoelectric sensors were located orthogonally to measure axial lengths of the ellipse. The major and minor values can be considered as the major and minor axis values of the raw silk’s elliptical cross-section respectively. Thereby, the flatness and the area of raw silk’s cross-section can be calculated according to the values of major and minor axes. In addition, the raw silk’s evenness was characterized based on the variation of the cross-sectional area.
Modern Home Textiles Database Query System
Authors: Cao Fei , Shi Jian Ping , Liu Xian Yan , Zhang Chang Sheng
Published: January 2011

This study made a discussion of the exploitation and application of home textile bedding data-base design. The target is to closely follow the International Textile Fashion trend and to design a lot of world-class home textile bedding products. This article bases on the practicality of the textile bedding design. Database is divided into three modules: style classification database, design theme classification database and the processing technology database. In a comprehensive basis of market research, database is using VB programming language and Access database development tools. Because it has the function of flexible, quickly and accurately find the technical parameters, design styles and product styles and other related information of the processing. There are many descriptions, pictures, process technology and so on of home textiles bedding in the data-base. From the data-base, designers can easily inquiry the color, variety, fashion, style, function, process technology etc. Then, designers can exchange and innovation by using what they inquiry from the database. Through the innovation, home textile enterprises enhance the market competitiveness. It’s conducive to improve the overall development of textile industry by the data-base.
Studies on the Joint Impact of Mulberry Cultivation and Sericulture Enterprise as a Scheme for Border Area Development Programme in Kashmir, India
Authors: Manzoor Ahmad Malik , Afifa Shaheen Kamili , Ghulam Nabi Malik , Abdul Majeed Sofi , Irfan Lateef Khan , Nisar Ahmad Ganie , Firdous Ahmad Malik , Awquib Sabhat , Syed Farhat Iqbal Qadri
Published: January 2011

With the Development of New Technologies in Silkworm Rearing though Sericulture Has now Emerged as a Main Profession and a Major Cash Crop for the Rural People of the India in Tropical Areas but in Temperate Belt Like Kashmir the Constraints Faced by the Sericulture Farmers/silkworm Rearers Are More and these Are Responsible for Yield Gaps which Have to Be Considered Seriously and Accordingly the Extension Services Need to Be Modulated and Implemented. Exploitable Yield Gaps in Border Areas Are Often Caused by Various Factors Including Physical, Biological, Socio-Economic and Institutional Constraints which Can Be Effectively Improved through Participatory and Holistic Approaches. Kashmir Is a Univoltine Area where for Generations only one Crop in Spring Season Is Taken between May and June. Spring (May – June, 2009) Data of Kandi Kupwara J&K India (Border Area) Revealed Varying Cocoon Yields from 7 to 13 Kgs Dry Cocoons per 100 DFLS with Cocoon Price Varying from Rs. 172-430 per Kg. these Facts and Figures Prove that these Silkworm Rearers by Realizing the Potential of Sericulture (a New Culture in a Border Area) Increased their Income Substantially from Rs. 720 to Rs.5590/100DFLS. it Was Also Found that Sericulture Productivity Can Be Further Increased by Planting Improved Varieties of Mulberry as it Has Been Observed that where, Very Good Quality Mulberry Leaf and Inputs Are Available, the Sericulture Productivity Is Reasonably Good. the Present Communication, Therefore, Discusses the Extension Strategies and New Technologies to Improve the Essential Knowledge and Skills to the Sericulture Farmers to Improve the Yield and Profitability of Sericulture.
Time Series Modeling and Analysis on the Silk Crape Satin Product
Authors: Yang Xi , Nie Bo , Liu Bing Di , Liu Hai , Bai Lun
Published: January 2011

Empirical analysis on typical product categories, product series and Price Index of every level of single species is made by using classical ARMA models as well as ARCH models, which based on the actual data sampling and network. This study sets up AR models with ARCH effect of timing of product operations Index that judged by LM test used as model identification, and then establishes corresponding mathematical quantitative model for prediction. All of these are carried out by the Metrical Economics and the Eviews software. With time series, the fitting and prediction for running change-trend of silk are also in the theoretic confidence interval, which can also verify the degree of accuracy and precision of the established model.
Study on Evaluation of Woven Garment Stitch Crack
Authors: Zhang Yu Ti , Wang Yong Mei
Published: January 2011

A variety of stress cracks appear in the garment seam, which affects the appearance and the seam strength. In this paper, the indicating methods of seam cracks were presented by identification and analysis of a variety of seam cracks on woven garments. The regression equation of seam crack recognizable rate was listed through different kinds of seam cracks observed and distinguished by inspectors. The influence on crack recognizable rate by the size and the colour of the crack was also analyzed in this paper. The objective assessment of fracture strength was made by testing the fracture strengths of five kinds of fabrics in warp, weft and 45 ° oblique direction using self-made needle crack testing device. This paper has certain significance for fabric designing and clothing production technology.
Cloning and Transcriptional Expression of CYP6AE22-A Member of Cytochrome P450 Family from Bombyx mandarina
Authors: Wang Yan Hong , Li Bing , Wang Dong , Zhao Hua Qiang , Wei Zheng Guo , Shen Wei De
Published: January 2011

The cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases play an extremely important role in metabolic system involved in the catabolism and anabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. According to the predicted P450 sequences from the genome of Bombyx mori, a pair of primers was designed and a novel gene named CYP6AE22 was successfully cloned from the midgut mRNA of Bombyx mandarina by RT-PCR (GenBank accession number: FJ843077). Sequence analysis revealed that this gene contains a 1551 bp ORF, encoding a protein of 516 amino acids. The predicted molecular weight and isoelectric point of this protein was 60 kD and 9.0, respectively. The results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that this gene was highly expressed in fat body and brain. And the expression level could be increased by induction with cypermethrin. Treatment with 5ng/uL cypermethrin could increase the expression level in midgut and fat body of the larvae of 1.5 fold and 2.5 fold, respectively. It is inferred that CYP6AE22 gene may be involved in detoxification of insecticide in Bombyx mandarina.
Investigation of Movable Balloon Controller System on a Ring Spinning Frame
Authors: Qiu Ju Sheng , Zhong Zhi Li , Guo Huan , Wang Xun Gai
Published: January 2011

Compared to other spinning system, the ring spinning process has been used to produce higher quality yarns, but with a much lower spinning efficiency, resulted from the relatively high spinning tension that leads to increased yarn breakage rates and makes high power consumption. Thus, depressing yarn tension is essential to change the status. In this paper, we design a movable balloon controller system to reduce yarn tension. The system is automatic, composed of powder switch, touch screen, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), pulling-thread displacement sensor, controller of step motor, step motor and linear module. PLC, the core of the system, controls the position of the balloon controller by a series of programs. Then yarn tension was tested while spinning with movable balloon control ring, fixed balloon control ring and no balloon control ring, respectively. The result shows that the yarn tension can be depressed indeed by equipping this movable balloon controller system to some extent. Additionally, we find that the number of hairiness of ring spun yarns with this system can be reduced to some extent, while yarn tensile properties are not as sensitive to be worse. It is significant to cut down ends-down rate, improve the quality of ring spun yarns, the spinning efficiency as well as the energy efficiency of ring spinning.
3D Simulation of Re-Weft Jacquard Silk Fabric Based on Geometrical Model and Texture Mapping
Authors: Luo Bing Jin
Published: January 2011

The paper proposes a new method to implement 3D simulation for silk fabrics with complicated structure (such as Re-weft texture) based on geometrical model and texture mapping. At First, fitting polynomial curve is used to simulate bending form of the yarn, three-dimensional model of the yarn is generated through the matrix calculation, and computer model of re-weft jacquard silk fabric is put forward by stratification of weft yarn in fabric. Three-dimensional geometric model of re-weft jacquard silk fabric is built based on fabric structure of the Peirce mode and virtual reality modeling language (VRML), light intensity function and illumination model of re-weft fabric are established with Open GL tools hereafter. Also, yarn (in particular deformating filament, colored yarn) images extracted out of actual yarn photographs (in the yarn library), which is scanned by scanners, is applied to yarn models through texture mapping to improve the sense of reality for re-weft jacquard silk fabric.
Effect of Silk Reeling Velocity on the Aggregation Structure of Raw Silk
Authors: Li Li Na , Bai Shi Qi , Fu Ya Qin
Published: January 2011

The aggregation structure of raw silk which influences the mechanical properties of raw silk directly is not only determined by the properties of cocoon but also affected by silk reeling velocity. In this study, the relationship between aggregation structure of raw silk and silk reeling velocity was studied by means of sonic velocity method, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study showed that orientation degree, crystallinity and mechanical properties of raw silk were remarkably influenced by silk reeling velocity, and the mechanical properties of raw silk would be improved through the reasonable silk reeling velocity.
Characterization of Ag-Plated Silk Fabric by Electroless Plating
Authors: Jiang Shou Xiang , Guo Rong Hui , Zheng Guang Hong
Published: January 2011

The present study is performed with an objective to acquire a deeper understanding of the properties of Ag-plated silk fabric. The surface modification of electroless Ag-plated silk fabric was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that a layer of fine Ag particles distributed evenly on the fabric surface with uniform grains. Functional properties of Ag-plated silk fabric were also evaluated. The results show that Ag-plated silk fabric possesses good anti-static property and excellent protection of ultraviolet radiation. In addition, the effective antibacterial activity of the Ag-plated silk against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined. Therefore, the electroless Ag plating has opened up new possibilities in the modification of silk and is an exciting prospect for usage in textile design and technical textiles.
Full Length cDNA Cloning and Expression Characteristics of Ace Gene from Wild Silkworm, Bombyx mandarina
Authors: Li Bing , Wang Yan Hong , Wang Ju Mei , Shen Wei De
Published: January 2011

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which contains two subfamilies, ace1 and ace2 in insects, was identified to be the target of organophosphorous and carbamate insecticides. To research the sequences and tissues expressions of two aces, full length cDNAs encoding two ace genes were cloned, designated as Bmm-ace1 and Bmm-ace2 from larvae of the Bombyx mandarina. The amino acid sequence of Bmm-ace1 shared 99.71 % homology with its homolog, Bm-ace1, in silkworm, Bombyx mori, with two mutations (G664S and S307P), and the amino acid sequence of Bmm-ace2 shared 99.37 % homology with Bm-ace2, in B. mori , with four mutations (M18I, N233S, I310V and G621S). Tissue expression analysis showed that ace1 gene expressed only in the brains and fat bodies of B. mandarina, while ace2 genes expressed in all the tissues tested. ace1 and ace2 expressed highly in brains and fat bodies. The present results are significant to the study of resistance evolution of Lepidorptera as well as the understanding of the mechanism of pesticide resistance of insects.
Creative Thinking on World Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection - Declaration on Silk Culture Protection
Authors: Li Qian , Ma Da Li
Published: January 2011

The article excavates and organizes silk culture resources in order to carry out a complete assessment in all perspectives of the silk culture. Current archaeological research, collections, traditional workmanship resumption and exploitation, and activities with cross-cultural influence conducted by culture and science/technology institutions are also taken into consideration. Meanwhile, others’ experience on culture heritage protection, resumption, and declaration on world cultural and natural heritage protection is used as a reference. Therefore, the assumption for further research on the silk culture conformation is made, and the necessary foundation for the declaration on protection of world cultural and natural heritage for silk culture is established.
Expression Profiles of Glutathione S-Transferase Genes in Bombyx mori Exposed to NaF
Authors: Zhao Guo Dong , Zhang Yi Ling , Wang Rui Xian , Zhao Si Si , Peng Ran , Su Bao Jin , Li Bing , Chen Yu Hua , Shen Wei De , Wei Zheng Guo
Published: January 2011

In order to explore the roles of Bombyx mori glutathione S-transferase gene (BmGST) in detoxification and resistance to insecticides, we used real-time PCR method to detect the transcription levels of five BmGST genes in different tissues of the 5th instar larvae feeding on sodium fluoride treated mulberry leaves. The detection results were normalized by using 3 internal reference genes. The results indicated that the transcription levels of BmGSTs were different in various tissues. Transcription of BmGST genes could be induced by NaF, The normalized data with the above 3 internal reference genes indicated that, it is very important to choose adequate internal reference genes so as to ensure the reliability of the detection results.
Analysis of the Affecting Factors on the Single-End Tenacity and Elongation Test of Raw Silk
Authors: Xu Jian Mei , Zhou Yin , Bai Lun
Published: January 2011

As the single-end tenacity and elongation test of raw silk is required strongly by the raw silk customers instead of the skein test, some basic studies on this kind of testing means were made. The affecting factors on the distribution and statistical characteristics of the single-end tenacity and elongation test of raw silk were studied; and those factors include the draw speed and line density. Investigations in the article are hoped to bring useful help to the establishment of the testing method and testing standards of this kind of testing means.
Study on the Fiber Diameter of Polyactic Melt Blown Nonwoven Fabrics
Authors: Wu Li Li , Chen Ting , Yu Jian Yong
Published: January 2011

Polyactic fibers have superior biodegradability, moisture absorption, resiliency and processibility and can be used in various fields especially in blood filtration. Polyactic can be melt blown into nonwoven fabrics. To predict the fiber diameter of the polyactic melt blown nonwoven fabric, the air drawing model of polyactic was established. The predicted fiber diameter tallies well with the measured fiber diameter. Computer simulations of the effects of the processing parameters on the fiber diameter were performed with the help of the air drawing model. The simulation results show that smaller polymer flow rate, larger initial air velocity and larger die-to-collector distance can all produce finer fibers while too large initial air velocity and too large die-to-collector distance contribute little to the air drawing of polyactic melts.
Anti-Ultraviolet and Anti-Bacterial Finish of Bamboo Pulp Fabric Treated by HBP-NH2
Authors: Zhang Peng , Lin Hong , Chen Yu Yue
Published: January 2011

Bamboo pulp fibers, made of fast grown bamboo, were the recycled and environment-friendly natural raw materials in the textile industry which particularly today was paid more attention to its good performance due to energy and environment crisis. Hyper branched polymer was attracted more study because of the vast potential application in the future. In this study, the fabrics were modified with the amino-terminated hyper branched polymer (HBP-NH2) by dipping method and anti-UV and anti-bacterial properties of the treated bamboo pulp fabric were investigated. The results showed that the treated bamboo fabric had good antibacterial properties, the bacteria reduction of S.aureus and E.coli were as high as 89% or more, and also remained at around 88% after 20 times washing. The UPF values were increased from 8.16 to 18.18 which improved the anti-UV property of bamboo fabric.
Influence of Ionic Liquids on the Sorption of Acid Dyes by Nylon Fibers
Authors: Dong Zhao Qin
Published: January 2011

In the present study, the influence of four 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromine ionic liquids (ILs), CnMImBr (n=4, 8, 12, 16) on the sorption of acid dyes by nylon fibers was investigated. The quantity of dye sorption at pH 5 and pH 7 was found to be greatly dependent on the concentrations of ILs and the length of alkyl groups in ILs. The quantity of dyes adsorbed by nylon increased in the presence of C8MImBr at all the concentrations employed, and in the presence of C12MImBr and C16MImBr at appropriate concentrations. The mechanism of the increase in dye sorption in the presence of ILs at appropriate concentrations is due to the existence of the new positively charged dyeing sites in nylon induced by the sorption of ILs on nylon. The further increasing concentrations of C12MImBr and C16MImBr decreased the extent of dye sorption, which can be explained by the greatly reduced quantity of free dyes in solution induced by the interaction between anionic dyes and cationic ILs in solution as well as the increasing aggregation of the complex of dyes and ILs.
Formaldehyde-Free Flame Retardancy Finishing of Silk Fabric with an Organophosphorus Oligomer
Authors: Guan Jin Ping , Chen Guo Qiang
Published: January 2011

In this paper, a hydroxyl-functional organophosphorus oligomer (HFPO) was introduced as a formaldehyde-free flame retardant into silk fabric, using 1, 2, 3, 4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as crosslinking agent. But HFPO bonded onto silk fabric is not theoretically increased with the increase of BTCA concentration. Triethanolamine (TEA) was applied to improve the HFPO fixation onto silk fabric. The paper still evaluated the flammability and physical properties of the silk fabric treated with HFPO/BTCA/TEA system. The treated silk fabric demonstrated a high level of flame retardancy with modest loss in fabric tensile strength. Microscale combustion calorimetry(MCC) testing results indicated that HFPO/BTCA/TEA system treated silk fabric has much lower heat release rate than that of control fabric.