bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social media feedback and extreme opinion expression
Authors: Konovalova Elizaveta , Le Mens Gaël , Schöll Nikolas
Published: November 2023

On popular social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, or Tiktok, the quantitative feedback received by content producers is asymmetric: counts of positive reactions such as ‘likes,’ or ‘retweets,’ are easily observed but similar counts of negative reactions are not directly available. We study how this design feature of social media platforms affects the expression of extreme opinions. Using simulations of a learning model, we compare two feedback environments that differ in terms of the availability of negative reaction counts. We find that expressed opinions are generally more extreme when negative reaction counts are not available than when they are. We rely on analyses of Twitter data and several online experiments to provide empirical support for key model assumptions and test model predictions. Our findings suggest that a simple design change might limit, under certain conditions, the expression of extreme opinions on social media.
Remnant tissue enhances early postoperative biomechanical strength and infiltration of Scleraxis-positive cells within the grafted tendon in a rat anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model
Authors: Kawakami Junki , Hisanaga Satoshi , Yoshimoto Yuki , Mashimo Tomoji , Kaneko Takehito , Yoshimura Naoto , Shimada Masaki , Tateyama Makoto , Matsunaga Hideto , Shibata Yuto , Tanimura Shuntaro , Takata Kosei , Arima Takahiro , Maeda Kazuya , Fukuma Yuko , Uragami Masaru , Ideo Katsumasa , Sugimoto Kazuki , Yonemitsu Ryuji , Matsushita Kozo , Yugami Masaki , Uehara Yusuke , Nakamura Takayuki , Tokunaga Takuya , Karasugi Tatsuki , Sueyoshi Takanao , Shukunami Chisa , Okamoto Nobukazu , Masuda Tetsuro , Miyamoto Takeshi
Published: November 2023

When ruptured, ligaments and tendons have limited self-repair capacity and rarely heal spontaneously. In the knee, the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) often ruptures during sports activities, causing functional impairment and requiring surgery using tendon grafts. Patients with insufficient time to recover before resuming sports risk re-injury. To develop more effective treatment, it is necessary to define mechanisms underlying ligament repair. For this, animal models can be useful, but mice are too small to create an ACL reconstruction model. Thus, we developed a transgenic rat model using control elements of Scleraxis (Scx), a transcription factor essential for ligament and tendon development, to drive GFP expression in order to localize Scx-expressing cells. As anticipated, Tg rats exhibited Scx-GFP in ACL during developmental but not adult stages. Interestingly, when we transplanted the flexor digitorum longus (FDP) tendon derived from adult Scx-GFP+ rats into WT adults, Scx-GFP was not expressed in transplanted tendons. However, tendons transplanted from adult WT rats into Scx-GFP rats showed upregulated Scx expression in tendon, suggesting that Scx-GFP+ cells are mobilized from tissues outside the tendon. Importantly, at 4 weeks post-surgery, Scx-GFP-expressing cells were more frequent within the grafted tendon when an ACL remnant was preserved (P group) relative to when it was not (R group) (P vs R groups (both n = 5), p<0.05), and by 6 weeks, biomechanical strength of the transplanted tendon was significantly increased if the remnant was preserved (P vsR groups (both n = 14), p<0.05). Scx-GFP+ cells increased in remnant tissue after surgery, suggesting remnant tissue is a source of Scx+ cells in grafted tendons. We conclude that the novel Scx-GFP Tg rat is useful to monitor emergence of Scx-positive cells, which likely contribute to increased graft strength after ACL reconstruction.
Golgi ELMO1 binds QUA1, QUA2, GAUT9, and ELMO4 and is required for pectin accumulation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kohorn Bruce D. , Yang Nuoya , Weinstock Margaret , Asper Garrison , Ball Isabel , Rajiv Devaki
Published: November 2023

Pectin and its modification influence the plasticity and strength of the plant cell wall controlling cell adhesion, size, shape, and pathogen resistance. The Golgi membrane anchored QUA1, QUA2, and GAUT9 Golgi enzymes synthesize and esterify pectin, which is then secreted and selectively de-esterified to potentiate structure influencing crosslinks in the cell wall. Mutations in members of the family of non-enzymatic ELMO Golgi membrane proteins lead to a reduction of pectin levels, cell adhesion, and hypocotyl tensile strength. Results from immunoprecipitation of Golgi protein complexes reveal that ELMO1-GFP is associated with pectin biosynthesis and modifying enzymes QUA1, QUA2, and GAUT9. In a yeast two and three hybrid assay, ELMO1 can bind directly to QUA1, GAUT9 or ELMO4, but QUA1, QUA2 or GAUT9 do not bind to each other. A yeast 3 hybrid assay provides evidence that ELMO1 can mediate the binding of QUA1 and QUA2. Taken together, these results indicate that the 20 kDa ELMO1 serves to facilitate some aspect of pectin synthesis and modification that leads to sufficient accumulation to allow cell adhesion, and we speculate that ELMOs help to scaffold key enzymes in this process.
IPSAS: case study
Authors: Haustein Ellen , Lorson Peter C. , Vanhee Christophe , Christiaens Johan
Published: November 2023

This chapter sets forth the Chapter 9 by presenting the accounting treatment of selected economic transactions. By using a case study of a municipality, specific accounting issues will be worked through using the standards and other pronouncements of the IPSASB.
Thereby this chapter provides insights into selected accounting issues dealt by public sector entities and the process to prepare financial reports in conformity with IPSAS. Thereby, also the accounting records and the changes in the accounts will be entered. The focus is on selected public sector relevant IPSAS, namely IPSAS 17, 21, 23, 32 and 42 and IPSASB ED 72. As a result of this chapter, a closing balance sheet, a statement of financial performance and a statement of financial position are developed.
Consolidated financial statements
Authors: Haustein Ellen , Lorson Peter C. , Anessi-Pessina Eugenio
Published: November 2023

This chapter introduces consolidated financial reporting in general and highlights public sector specifics. The aim is to provide insights into the concept of ‘group’ or ‘economic entity’, the reasons for consolidation, the peculiarities of the public sector, and the underlying theories of consolidation. The different types of influences and consolidation methods are explained. The chapter outlines the differences between consolidated financial statements and whole of government accounts and shows organisational challenges for preparing consolidated financial statements. Finally, a short overview about consolidated financial reporting in selected European countries is presented.
Alternative reporting and non-financial accounting formats
Authors: Manes-Rossi Francesca , Brusca Isabel , Cohen Sandra , Lorson Peter C.
Published: November 2023

Alternative and non-financial reporting has gained attention in public sector organizations in the last decades, as a result of the increasing need to provide stakeholders with understandable information on how public resources have been managed and public value has been created for the benefit of the whole community. This need springs not only from accountability duties, but also from the recognized role of citizens as co-producers in designing public services and, more broadly, in engaging in public decision-making. In this chapter, after an introduction on the scope of non-financial disclosure, some of the most widespread formats are discussed, including popular reporting, sustainability reporting, the most recent SDGs reporting and integrated reporting, which are finally compared in a synopsis. Some reflections on possible use of the different non-financial reports and technical reporting issues conclude the chapter.
The IPSASB’s conceptual framework and views on selected national frameworks
Authors: Jorge Susana , Caruana Josette
Published: November 2023

This chapter is about conceptual frameworks in public sector accounting. While particularly taking the IPSASB’s conceptual framework as a reference, the chapter also offers brief views on selected national frameworks from a group of European countries – namely the UK, Finland, Austria, Germany and Portugal – as illustrative examples of how conceptual frameworks can approximate or diverge from that of the IPSASB.
The explanations enable an understanding of the role of a conceptual framework underlying public sector accounting standards, as well as the main issues normally included in it.
Reflections, Gratitude, and Encouragementt
Authors: McCormick-Hootman Staci
Published: November 2023

Notes from the Past President of HASTI, including a preview of the 2024 HASTI/ICTM Conference.
A Nation of Guns
Authors: Dunbar-Ortiz Roxanne
Published: November 2023

Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz reviews Bloodbath Nation, a poignant exploration of the painful, studiously ignored truths about gun culture in the U.S. To grapple with the epidemic of gun violence, she writes, requires confronting deeper truths about white supremacy, settler-colonialism, and the U.S. history of enslavement.
Redes políticas na educação brasileira: O caso da Base Nacional Comum Curricular
Authors: Araujo Hellen Gregol , Lopes Alice Casimiro
Published: November 2023

O foco deste artigo é o de evidenciar como a filantropia e o terceiro setor disputaram espaços na política de centralização curricular, via Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), reforçando a necessidade de o Brasil investir nessa política para avançar na qualidade da educação. Apoiamo-nos nos estudos de Stephen Ball sobre a nova filantropia e governança no imaginário neoliberal, aprofundando a leitura pós-estrutural já apontada por este autor, por meio de Wendy Brown e da teoria do discurso de Laclau & Mouffe. Como percurso teórico-metodológico interpretamos as ações discursivas de redes políticas, com destaque para a Fundação Lemann; o Movimento pela Base; o Movimento Colabora e o Todos pela Educação, escolhidos por serem considerados os principais agentes da mobilização em defesa da BNCC no período de 2017-2022. Defendemos que tais redes políticas produzem discursos que legitimam e dão subsídio para que a BNCC seja interpretada como um consenso em direção à aprendizagem desejada, reforçando a política de centralidade curricular, associada à defesa da necessidade de um Sistema Nacional de Educação (SNE). Salientamos, ainda, a força que esses discursos assumem quanto maior é a transitividade de atores sociais entre as instâncias pública e privada.
Literature Review: Analisis Pelaksanaan Program Pencegahan Stunting di Puskesmas
Authors: Utari Fadilla , Siregar Hairi Salsabila , Barkah Nailan Nida , Purba Tri Beby Nisa Vonica , Aini Fadilah , Rusmalawaty Rusmalawaty
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang: Salah satu isu gizi terbesar di Indonesia ialah pertumbuhan terhambat. Implementasi Puskesmas memegang peran yang penting dalam program mengatasi kasus stunting dan karenanya pentingnya program pencegahan stunting di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan megnalisis pelaksanaan program pencegahan stunting di puskesmas.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan studi literatur dengan cara mengumpulkan dan menelaah penelitian terdahulu, terutama mencari informasi program pencegahan stunting dan data gizi buruk stunting dari berbagai referensi jurnal nasional.Hasil: Upaya pencegahan terhadap stunting telah diberlakukan di Indonesia, seperti pemberian ASI Eksklusif, Pemberian Makanan Pendamping ASI (MPASI), penimbangan dan pengukuran bayi, pemeriksaan ibu hamil, pemberian tablet tambah darah (TTD), dan pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) pada ibu hamil yang menderita penyakit khusus. Agar program pencegahan stunting berhasil, pemerintah, tenaga kesehatan, dan masyarakat harus berkolaborasi.Simpulan: Indonesia memiliki banyak program yang diperuntukkan bagi mengatasi kasus stunting, seperti Strategi Nasional Percepatan Gizi Buruk 2018-2024, 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan dan Pendekatan Multisektoral Terpadu.Kata kunci: puskesmas; stunting; pencegahan Title: A Literature Review: Analysis of Preventation Program Implementation Stunting in PuskesmasBackground: One of the biggest nutritional issues in Indonesia is stunted growth. The implementation of Puskesmas plays an important role in programs to overcome stunting cases and hence the importance of stunting prevention programs in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the stunting prevention program at the puskesmas.Method: The research methodology uses literature studies by collecting and reviewing previous research, especially seeking information on stunting prevention programs and stunting malnutrition data from various national journal references.Result: Efforts to prevent stunting have been implemented in Indonesia, such as exclusive breastfeeding, provision of complementary feeding (MPASI), weighing and measuring babies, examining pregnant women, administering blood-boosting tablets (TTD), and providing supplementary food (PMT) to pregnant women who suffer from a special disease. For the stunting prevention program to be successful, the government, health workers and the community must collaborate.Conclusion: Indonesia has many programs devoted to addressing stunting cases, such as the 2018-2024 National Strategy for the Acceleration of Malnutrition, the First 1000 Days of Life and the Integrated Multisectoral Approach.Keywords: puskesmas, stunting, prevention
Hubungan Pola Makan dan Perilaku Merokok Terhadap Penderita Gastritis di Puskesmas Kuta Baro
Authors: Nurrahmawati Septia , Rahmayanti Yuni , Hayati Fauziah
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang: Gastritis merupakan peradangan yang mengenai mukosa lambung. Penderita gastritis pada umumnya terjadi pada orang-orang dengan pola makan yang tidak teratur, kebiasaan mengonsumsi makanan pedas, asam, makanan instant, minum kopi, dan minuman berkarbonasi. Selain pola makan salah satu kebiasaan masyarakat Indonesia yang dapat ditemui hampir di setiap kalangan masyarakat adalah perilaku merokok. Rokok tidaklah menjadi hal baru dan asing lagi di masyarakat,baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, tua maupun muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pola Makan dan Perilaku Merokok Terhadap Penderita Gastritis di Puskesmas Kuta Baro.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain studi cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2022 sampai Januari 2023 di poli umum Puskesmas Kuta Baro. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan metode total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara langsung melalui wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner oleh responden. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square.Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari 80 sampel yang terpilih dan kontrol berdasarkan uji statistik Chi-Square dimana nilai p-value = 0,734 dengan kesimpulan tidak terdapat hubungan pola makan dan perilaku merokok terhadap penderita gastritis.Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan pola makan dan perilaku merokok terhadap penderita gastritis di Puskesmas Kuta Baro.Kata kunci: pola makan; perilaku merokok; penderita gastritis Title: Relationship of Diet and Smoking Behavior to Gastritis Sufferers at Kuta Baro Health CenterBackground: Gastritis is inflammation that affects the mucosa stomach. Sufferers of gastritis generally occur in people with a diet irregular, the habit of consuming spicy, sour, instant food, drink coffee, and carbonated drinks. In addition to eating patterns one habit Indonesian society that can be found in almost every society is smoking behavior. Cigarettes are not a new and foreign thing in society, either male or female, old or young.Method: This study is an observational analytic study by design cross sectional study. This research was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 at the public polyclinic at the Kuta Baro Health Center. Sampling using total sampling method. Data collection was carried out directly through interviews and filling out questionnaires by respondents. Research data were analyzed with using the Chi-Square statistical test.Result: Research results obtained from 80 selected and control samples based on the Chi-Square statistical test where the p-value = 0.734 with conclusions There is no relationship between diet and smoking behavior on gastritis sufferers.Conclusion: There is no relationship between diet and smoking behavior gastritis sufferers at the Kuta Baro Health Center.Keywords: diet; smoking behavior; gastritis sufferers
VR-control for teleoperation of mobile machines – a review on the practical implementation
Authors: Gerdes Simon , Sprink Johannes , Haas Christian , Opgenoorth Andreas , Schmitz Katharina
Published: November 2023

Teleoperation of mobile machines can have benefits on numerous aspects, including improved safety, enhanced efficiency, and reduced environmental impact. However, effects like increased latency, lack of machine feeling and limited field of view result in challenges for operators. The use of VR-systems with operator head motion tracking could improve its application. This paper presents the investigation of a tele-remote control system, using a VR-visual feedback system including a stereo camera that mimics the operator’s head motion. An operator study was conducted to evaluate the influence of the tele-remote control system. It is shown that the investigated system is able to increase the achieved immersion and thus improve the operability of teleoperated mobile machines.
Aligning process quality and efficiency in agricultural soil tillage
Authors: Kazenwadel Benjamin , Becker Simon , Graf Marina , Geimer Marcus
Published: November 2023

Automation in agricultural machinery is a crucial driver of productivity and sustainability. Some automation features like automated steering and real-time data analytics are already state-of-the-art. On the other hand, a human driver performs the optimization of the working speed manually, and the automation of this is an ongoing challenge. Process quality and process efficiency are the two main targets in this optimization. Agricultural soil tillage requires achieving both. Therefore, the correlation between process quality optimization and process efficiency is fundamental, and vice versa. The approach presented in this paper shows how the two optimization targets of efficiency and process quality can be optimized and aligned together. Optical sensors determine various parameters to describe and model the process quality. The measured machine state determines the characteristics of the interaction forces between the machine and the environment. A machine learning algorithm describes the relationships in the drivetrain. The two process targets are each predicted for different working speeds and are combined in the form of a boundary target and an optimization target to identify one optimized target speed value.
Investigating the rendering capability of embedded devices for graphical-user-interfaces in mobile machines
Authors: Krüger Marius , Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Vollmann Simon
Published: November 2023

This paper focuses on the alignment of Graphical-User-Interface (GUI) applications and embedded devices. The main contribution is a benchmark approach that enables measuring and comparing the GUI rendering capability of embedded devices and provides a performance-oriented GUI design recommendation for an embedded device. The benchmark is tailored to common GUI applications and resource-limited devices, which are usually mounted in mobile machines. GUI applications can only be rendered smoothly if these devices have sufficient performance. A general benchmark concept is described and modeled in Unified Modeling Language (UML) at first, followed by a prototypical implementation and evaluation. It is demonstrated that the benchmark approach is applicable to GUI applications with different levels of complexity as well as embedded devices of different performance classes.
Forschungsnahe Bibliotheksdienste. Eine Standortbestimmung
Authors: Bonte Achim
Published: November 2023

In dem Beitrag geht es um eine Auseinandersetzung mit dem nicht immer konsistent gebrauchten Begriff der forschungsnahen Dienste und dem dahinterliegenden Konzept. Als Voraussetzung für deren gelungenen Ausbau werden insbesondere zwei Faktoren herausgestellt: eine strategische Ausrichtung, die Effizienz und Veränderungsfähigkeit stärkt, und finanzielle wie ideelle Investitionen in den Personalkörper. Zuletzt werden die wechselnden Rollenkonstellationen wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken als Konsumenten, Betreiber und Akteure forschungsnaher Dienste in den Blick genommen.
Pragmatic functions of wara in Japanese text messages
Authors: Takamura Ryo
Published: November 2023

This study illustrates the pragmatic functions of 笑 (wara), the kanji or Chinese character meaning “laughter,” on the text messaging application LINE, and identifies the online communication strategies using it across 68 text message chats shared by Japanese university students who insert this and other laughter characters in their text conversations. The study’s results suggest that various laughter characters, including (笑), 笑 and w, act as contextualization cues at the end of the sentence, performing three distinct functions: acknowledging humor in the preceding proposition, inviting laughter, and softening the illocutionary force. Analyzed using politeness theory, the second and third functions are respectively categorized as positive politeness and negative politeness. This study also argues that the first function reflects the writer’s subjectivity, whereas the second and third reflect the writer’s intersubjectivity.
Oblique semiotics: the semiotics of the mirror and specular reflections in Lotman and Eco
Authors: Gramigna Remo
Published: November 2023

Novelty, the creation of new information, has been the hallmark of Juri M. Lotman’s thought. This issue resurfaces in the discussion of his now famous article “On the semiosphere,” in which Lotman, drawing on Vernadsky, identifies the principles of symmetry, asymmetry, and enantiomorphism as pivotal aspects of the semiotic mechanism of the semiosphere. Specular phenomena and mirror reflections have not only found a prominent place in contemporary semiotic theories of different scholarly traditions – from general semiotics (Eco, Volli) to cognitive semiotics (Sonesson) and to the semiotics of culture (Lotman, Levin) – but they also nail down a key element of the inner mechanism of Lotman’s concept of the semiosphere. By using the analogy of thefacereflecting in amirror, Lotman remarks: “It is also like a face, which, wholly reflected in a mirror, is also reflected in any of its fragments, which, in this form, represents the part and yet remains similar to the whole mirror.” By capitalizing on this excerpt, this study unpacks the significance of Lotman’s idea of specular mechanisms as generators of meaning within the semiosphere.
Free Relative Clauses in Croatian Glagolitic Folk Medicine Books
Authors: Čupković Gordana
Published: November 2023

The paper examines semantic features and functions of free relative clauses with pronominal relativizers, represented in the Croatian Glagolitic folk medicine books from the 14th, 15th and 18th centuries. Prediction, projection and topicality are singled out as central conceptual and functional features of the expressions studied. The examples are interpreted from the aspect of construction grammar and the pragmatic aspect, and therefore a schematic representation of mental spaces forming the basis for the selected relative clauses has been constructed using the methodology presented in Dancygier and Sweetser (2005). The expressions studied are also viewed in the context of the titling function, as well as in the context of all relative clauses in the studied corpus and have therefore also been linked to the specific features of the text type and certain diachronic changes in their use have been observed.
Az empátia vizsgálata a BME gazdasági mesterképzéseinél a pandémia vonatkozásában
Authors: Kovács Stefan , Veres István , Bíró-Szigeti Szilvia
Published: November 2023

Az elmúlt évtized során jelentős átalakulásokon mentek keresztül a hazai és nemzetközi felsőoktatási intézmények. A Covid által okozott gazdasági és társadalmi változások tovább erősítették az átalakulási folyamatot. Az átalakulás oka az intézmények közötti verseny fokozódása, a felsőoktatási szektor globalizációja és a finanszírozási rendszer átalakulása. Az intézmények közötti verseny nem csak a potenciális hallgatók megszerzéséért zajlik, hanem az erőforrásokért (támogatások, kutatási erőforrások, fejlesztések, vállalati együttműködések) is. Coates (2022), Komljenovic (2022) és McNay (2022) szerint ezek az erőforrások jelentős hatással vannak az intézmények fejlődésére és versenyképességére. Kutatásunk célja kettős volt, egyrészt szerettük volna megérteni, hogy a marketing oktatásban mekkora szerepet játszik a hallgatók által érzékelhető empátia, másrészt pedig a Covid-19 járvány milyen hatást gyakorolt a hallgatók empátiával összefüggő igényekre. A kutatásunk során a szolgáltatásmarketingben alkalmazható SERVPERF módszer segítségével mértük fel a változásokat. A tanulmányunkban egy átfogó (a Covid-19 járvány előtti, alatti és utáni időszakra kiterjedő) felmérés részeredménye található, ahol kizárólag az empátiára fókuszálunk. A kutatás lehetővé tette számunkra, hogy megértsük, az elmúlt években milyen preferenciabeli változások történtek a marketing oktatásban, és ezek milyen hatással vannak az oktatókra vonatkozó elvárásokra.
Aktív idősödés magyarországi környezetben
Authors: Lampek Kinga
Published: November 2023

A társadalmak idősödése ma már jól ismert jelenség, a világ számos országában megfigyelhető, demográfiai, gazdasági, társadalmi, kulturális, közösségi és egyéni következményeit a mindennapi valóság szintjén is megéljük. A meghosszabbodott élettartam jelentős vívmánya a modern társadalmaknak, és az idősödés folyamatához kapcsolódó szemlélet is – bár lassan, de – változik. Egyre inkább tapasztalható, hogy az idős kor nem csak veszteségekkel teli életszakasz, hanem esély arra, hogy több évtizedet átölelő, új célokra építhető természetes és értékes részévé váljon életünknek. A folyamat alakulásában nagy jelentőséget tulajdonítanak az egészségi állapotra ható társadalmi, közösségi és egyéni tényezőknek, illetve ezek integratív összekapcsolódásának. Mert igaz ugyan, hogy a társadalmi környezet jelentős mértékben meghatározza a közösségi és az egyéni mozgástereket, perspektívákat, de a személyes életünkben – jó esetben – számos lehetőség van arra, hogy saját döntéseket hozzunk életmódunk, életstílusunk fenntartására vagy változtatására fizikai, lelki, szociális egészségünk érdekében. Optimális esetben a folyamat nem kizárlag az időskorra jellemző vagy csak az időskorúakra irányuló. Az egészségtudatos, tevékenyen töltött életévek szükségessége az életünk elején megkezdődik, generációk adhatják át egymásnak jógyakorlatként, miközben egymásra figyelő összekapcsolódásuk eredményeképpen nemcsak az idősek számára eredményeznek jobb életminőséget, hanem a fiatalabb generációk számára is támogatást, segítséget jelenthet az idősek aktívabb hozzájárulása a családi, közösségi élethez. A tanulmány célja, hogy röviden bemutassa a magyarországi idősödési folyamat helyzetét az Európai Unióban alkalmazott aktív idősödés felfogása alapján, az Aktív Idősödési Index – a Active Ageing Index (Zaidi, 2013) – alkalmazásával.
Az empátia jelentősége az online fogyasztói közösségekben
Authors: Prónay Szabolcs
Published: November 2023

Az elmúlt évtizedekben egyre népszerűbbé vált a fogyasztót az általa túl- vagy éppen alul fogyasztott vagy elért javak által definiálni, úgymint „túlterhelt-”, „túlsúlyos-”, „időhiányos-”, „figyelemhiányos-” fogyasztó. Jelen tanulmány célja rávilágítani, hogy míg az általános politikai korrektség jegyében egyre gyakrabban találkozunk az „empátia” jelentőségével, valójában egyre komolyabb veszélyt jelent a valódi empátia eltűnése és ezáltal az „empátiahiányos fogyasztó” megjelenése. Ez a fogyasztó kevéssé képes valóban empatikusan viselkedni és egyre ritkábban van része igazán empatikus reakciók átélésében. Ennek egyik oka, hogy nem vagyunk tisztában az empátia valós tartalmával és gyakran összemossuk a jóval népszerűbb „szimpátia” fogalmával. Az empátia „a nem verbális kommunikáció és a metakommunikáció felfogásának és tudatosításának kifinomult és alkalmazott képessége” (Buda, 1985, pp 82), mely alkalmassá tesz minket arra, hogy egy másik személy lelki állapotába képzeljük magunkat, átérezzük helyzetét (Izsó 2006). Ezzel szemben a szimpátia pusztán azt jelenti, hogy a másik helyzetére egy pozitív (támogató, bátorító) reakcióval válaszolunk – de ez magában hordoz egyfajta távolságot köztünk és a másik egyén között. Jól érzékeltethetjük e különbséget két példával napjaink jellemző kommunikációjából: A hurráoptimista közösségi médiában igen ritka, de mégis előfordul, hogy valaki egy őt érintő negatív eseményt oszt meg (hozzátartozó halála, karrier- vagy személyes kudarc). A szimpátiát gyakorló egyének erre egy szomorú reakciót (emoji, komment) adnak az adott hír alatt. Az empátiát gyakorló egyének felhívják, vagy írnak neki közvetlenül és biztosítják arról, hogy számíthat rájuk, örülnének, ha lenne lehetőségük segíteni, vagy legalább csak beszélni erről. Ha számba vesszük e két jellemző reakció gyakorisága közötti különbségeket, akkor világosan kirajzolódik az empátia háttérbe szorulása, az együttérzés elsekélyesedése az online térben. Az alábbiakban mégis arra teszek kísérletet, hogy pont ebben a világban, a XXI. századi online térben illusztráljam az empátia újraértékelődését, a fogyasztók egymást megértő, segítő, altruista viselkedésének egyre nagyobb arányú megjelenését: az online közösségek formájában.
Editors' Preface
Authors: Koltai Zsuzsa , Vogt Matthias Theodor
Published: November 2023

.
The role of the network factor for immigrants in intercultural resilience building on the example of the Intercultural Cities Programme
Authors: Borisova Diana
Published: November 2023

Migration is a process, which is associated with realizing cultural differences in understanding the self, relationships and the world and learning new ways of existence. Promoting multiple forms of the positive interaction creates a sense of belonging and cohesion for immigrants. In this context, “interaction" refers to the everyday processes or networking on the grounds of which migrants maintain contact with each other and with receiving societies. Therefore, a lot of cities realise policies and projects that ensure the application of equal rights for all, fight against discrimination and racism, and support constructive interaction between individuals and groups of different backgrounds, different cultures and different generations. The purpose of this research is to consider how one of these programs, namely the Intercultural Cities Programme, takes into account the network factor in its implementation and to prove how important this factor is for integrating immigrants into the host community. The hypothesis of this work is based on the idea that the using of the network factor develops intercultural resilience building. The primary method for this study is literature review. The examination of appropriate literature gives rigorous description of current situation with immigrants and cross-cultural resilience in general and within the framework of the Intercultural Cities project. Research results reflect the idea of integrating immigrants into communities with the help of network factor. The significance of this study is conditioned by providing learning cities with information about cross-cultural resilience building and making cities all over the world rethink their policies for using diversity as a stimulus to progress.
Los Fondos de Agua como ejercicio de gobernanza local y participación ciudadana
Authors: Martínez Ramos Germán Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Este artículo aborda el concepto de participación ciudadana y resalta su creciente importancia en toda la cadena de elaboración de políticas públicas, desde una perspectiva de democracia participativa. Posteriormente, se habla del problema del agua como uno de los temas prioritarios en la agenda global contemporánea y se relaciona con un caso exitoso, los Fondos de Agua, como ejercicio de gestión colectiva y gobernanza comunitaria, hacia la seguridad hídrica a través de la protección de cuencas hidrográficas.
Algunas repercusiones político-criminales de la conformación de la corrupción política como delito en la historia del pensamiento: aplicabilidad actual de los planteamientos
Authors: Ruiz Morales Manuel L.
Published: November 2023

El artículo examina el establecimiento o conformación de la corrupción política como conducta delictual o reprobable por parte de los grandes pensadores de la historia universal. De este modo, se analizará desde un enfoque histórico-filosófico las causas y las eventuales medidas para combatir la corrupción –de índole administrativa, fiscal o jurídica (penal)– que los distintos filósofos le dieron al fenómeno séptico a lo largo de los siglos. Se realizará un recorrido cronológico por los diversos periodos históricos atendiendo a los hechos de la época y contextualizando las teorías de cada uno de los pensadores aquí mencionados, influidas por las circunstancias contemporáneas a su desarrollo. Finalmente, se analizan las soluciones a la corrupción que se buscaron desde la antigüedad, muchas de ellas similares a las impuestas actualmente –con la única salvedad de la distancia temporal y su correlativa adaptación. En algunos casos, algunas de las propuestas ideadas hace siglos fueron más genuinas que las ensayadas hogaño. Se propone volver a revisar las herramientas anticorrupción de los teóricos y académicos más relevantes de la historia para re-crear y re-pensar los instrumentos, aplicables a nuestros días, de lucha contra el problema degenerativo de la política; ya sea copiando absolutamente estas propuestas filosóficas, o bien, usando esas bases fijadas para sentar eficaces respuestas.
Los efectos de las sentencias en el amparo contra leyes del sistema jurídico mexicano y de las sentencias emitidas en el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Delgadillo Amezquita Claudia Alejandra
Published: November 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad comparar los alcances de las sentencias dictadas en el amparo contra leyes en el sistema jurídico mexicano y las sentencias emitidas en el Sistema Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, con el fin de aprender de la experiencia del sistema interamericano a efecto de contribuir en el sistema jurídico mexicano y garantizar de manera efectiva la justicia en nuestro país.
An aerosol odyssey: Navigating nutrient flux changes to marine ecosystems
Authors: Hamilton Douglas S. , Baker Alex R. , Iwamoto Yoko , Gassó Santiago , Bergas-Masso Elisa , Deutch Sarah , Dinasquet Julie , Kondo Yoshiko , Llort Joan , Myriokefalitakis Stelios , Perron Morgane M. G. , Wegmann Alex , Yoon Joo-Eun
Published: November 2023

This perspective piece on aerosol deposition to marine ecosystems and the related impacts on biogeochemical cycles forms part of a larger Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study status-of-the-science special edition. A large body of recent reviews has comprehensively covered different aspects of this topic. Here, we aim to take a fresh approach by reviewing recent research to identify potential foundations for future study. We have purposefully chosen to discuss aerosol nutrient and pollutant fluxes both in terms of the journey that different aerosol particles take and that of the surrounding scientific field exploring them. To do so, we explore some of the major tools, knowledge, and partnerships we believe are required to aid advancing this highly interdisciplinary field of research. We recognize that significant gaps persist in our understanding of how far aerosol deposition modulates marine biogeochemical cycles and thus climate. This uncertainty increases as socioeconomic pressures, climate change, and technological advancements continue to change how we live and interact with the marine environment. Despite this, recent advances in modeling techniques, satellite remote sensing, and field observations have provided valuable insights into the spatial and temporal variability of aerosol deposition across the world’s ocean. With the UN Ocean Decade and sustainable development goals in sight, it becomes essential that the community prioritizes the use of a wide variety of tools, knowledge, and partnerships to advance understanding. It is through a collaborative and sustained effort that we hope the community can address the gaps in our understanding of the complex interactions between aerosol particles, marine ecosystems, and biogeochemical cycles.
Combining organotypic tissue culture with light‐sheet microscopy (OTCxLSFM) to study glioma invasion
Authors: Haydo Alicia , Wehle Andrej , Herold‐Mende Christel , Kögel Donat , Pampaloni Francesco , Linder Benedikt
Published: November 2023

Glioblastoma is a very aggressive tumor and represents the most common primary brain malignancy. Key characteristics include its high resistance against conventional treatments, such as radio‐ and chemotherapy and its diffuse tissue infiltration, preventing complete surgical resection. The analysis of migration and invasion processes in a physiological microenvironment allows for enhanced understanding of these phenomena and can lead to improved therapeutic approaches. Here, we combine two state‐of‐the‐art techniques, adult organotypic brain tissue slice culture (OTC) and light‐sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) of cleared tissues in a combined method termed OTCxLSFM. Using this methodology, we can show that glioblastoma tissue infiltration can be effectively blocked through treatment with arsenic trioxide or WP1066, as well as genetic depletion of the tetraspanin, transmembrane receptor CD9, or signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). With our analysis pipeline, we gain single‐cell level, three‐dimensional information, as well as insights into the morphological appearance of the tumor cells.
Factores que influyen en el comportamiento del productor para adoptar un sistema productivo en fincas de subsistencia, Costa
Authors: Romero-Mora María Monserrat , Meza-Picado Victor Hugo , Barrantes-Rodríguez Alfonso , De Camino-Velozo Ronnie
Published: November 2023

[Introduction]: Sustainable timber cultivation is losing ground to agricultural production and other land uses; To counteract this, it is necessary to understand how the farmer makes decisions. Therefore, management schemes must be designed that adjust to the way in which small farmers manage productive systems on a voluntary basis. [Objective]: Identify the factors that influence the decision-making process of small farmers that must be considered for the promotion of timber cultivation. [Methodology]: Surveys with open questions and single selection were applied to 100% of the farmers (N = 77) of two INDER settlements. Due to the complexity of the interactions between factors, the analysis was simplified into four approaches. The data trend was plotted from a local regression model (LOESS), in which the regression curve is generated and smoothed with the use of the geom_smooth function of the R statistical language. [Results]: A total of 162 interactions between Indirect and Direct factors. They were classified into three groups according to the number of times the farmer changed the production system in short periods (5 years). Group A has a greater representation in the population with 67.5 %, followed by Group B with 24.7 % and Group C with 7.8 %. 67.5 % of the farmers did not agree to include the cultivation of wood. [Conclusions]: It was possible to demonstrate the existence of decision factors that influence the way in which the farmers adopt the agricultural systems contrary to the cultivation of wood. Safe selling (VS) is one of them; therefore, until current forest management schemes are adjusted, the possibility of spontaneous adoption is minimal and will continue to require financial aid.
Epidemiologic trends of patients who visited nationwide emergency departments: a report from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) of Korea, 2018–2022
Authors: Yoo Hyun Ho , Ro Young Sun , Ko Eunsil , Lee Jin-Hee , Han So-hyun , Kim Taerim , Shin Tae Gun , Kim Seongjung , Chang Hansol
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study analyzed trends in emergency department (ED) visits in South Korea using the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) data from 2018 to 2022. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study using data from the NEDIS database from 2018 to 2022. Age- and sex-standardized ED visits per 100,000 population, as well as age- and sex-standardized rates for mortality, admission, and transfer, were calculated. Results: The standardized ED visits per 100,000 population was approximately 20,000 from 2018 to 2019 and decreased to about 18,000 in 2022. The standardized mortality rate ranged from 1.4% to 1.7%. The admission rate (18.4%–19.4%) and the transfer rates (1.6%–1.8%) were similar during the study period. Approximately 5.5% of patients were triaged as Korean Triage and Acuity Scale score 1 or 2. About 91% of patients visited the ED directly and 21.7% of patients visited the ED with an ambulance. The ED length of stay was less than 6 hours in 90.3% of patients and the ED mortality rate was 0.6%. Acute gastroenteritis was the most common diagnosis. Respiratory virus symptoms, such as fever and sore throat, were also common chief complaints.Conclusion: ED visits decreased during the 5-year period, while admission, transfer, and death rates remained relatively stable.
Imprensa africana e autoritarismo
Authors: Bussotti Luca
Published: November 2023

A “questão étnica” sempre foi presente no debate interno aos dois principais partidos políticos de Moçambique, sendo uma das causas de conflitos antigos e modernos. Entretanto, a imprensa, sobretudo pública, evitou abordar esse assunto devido a um discurso que o partido hegemónico (a FRELIMO) impôs ao país, privilegiando ideais como o relativo à unidade nacional e à luta contra o “tribalismo”. Usando como ponto de referência teórico o da agenda-denial, este artigo procura reconstruir o relacionamento entre imprensa e poder político de um país considerado autoritário como Moçambique. A metodologia usada assentou- se numa abordagem qualitativa, tendo como técnica privilegiada a análise do discurso e das linhas editoriais de órgãos de comunicação públicos e privados que tenham abordado, ao longo do período de tempo aqui considerado, a “questão étnica” como um dos elementos centrais da sua cobertura. Ficou evidente que a imprensa pública, apesar de princípios constitucionais pluralistas, continua a sofrer do mecanismo de agenda-denial por parte do governo, ao passo que a privada tem procurado propor temáticas diferentes e com abordagem crítica, entre as quais, a relativa aos assuntos de matriz étnica, apesar das ameaças e violências físicas decorrentes dessa postura.
Role of high-resolution ultrasound and magnetic resonance neurography in the evaluation of peripheral nerves in the upper extremity
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA, Serhal Ali , Lee Steven Kyungho ,   Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA, Michalek Julia ,   Department of Radiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, USA, Serhal Muhamad ,   Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA, Omar Imran Muhammad ,   Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
Published: November 2023

Upper extremity entrapment neuropathies are common conditions in which peripheral nerves are prone to injury at specific anatomical locations, particularly superficial regions or within fibro-osseous tunnels, resulting in pain and potential disability. Although neuropathy is primarily diagnosed clinically by physical examination and electrophysiology, imaging evaluation with ultrasound and magnetic resonance neurogra- phy are valuable complementary non-invasive and accurate tools for evaluation and can help define the site and cause of nerve dysfunction which ultimately leads to precise and timely treatment. Ultrasound, which has higher spatial resolution, can quickly and comfortably characterize the peripheral nerves in real time and can evaluate for denervation related muscle atrophy. Magnetic resonance imaging on the other hand provides excellent contrast resolution between the nerves and adjacent tissues, also between pathologic and normal segments of peripheral nerves. It can also assess the degree of muscle denervation and atrophy. As a prerequisite for nerve imaging, radiologists and sonographers should have a thorough knowledge of anat- omy of the peripheral nerves and their superficial and deep branches, including variant anatomy, and the motor and sensory territories innervated by each nerve. The purpose of this illustrative article is to review the common neuropathy and nerve entrapment syndromes in the upper extremities focusing on ultrasound and magnetic resonance neurography imaging.
Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae isolates from otitis media in Bulgaria
Authors: Alexandrova Alexandra Sashova , Sirakov Ivo Nikolaev , Setchanova Lena Petrova , Mihova Kalina Ionkova , Pencheva Daniela Rosenova , Gergova Raina Tsvetanova
Published: November 2023

Haemophilus influenzae is one of the main bacteria responsible for otitis media (OM) among children worldwide. We aimed to estimate the distribution of encapsulated and non-capsulated variants (NTHi), biotypes, antibiotic susceptibility, and molecular epidemiology of H. influenzae isolates recovered from pediatric OM cases in Bulgaria.

Capsule detection was done by PCR for bexB gene, absent in NTHi. All encapsulated strains were subjected to PCR serotyping. MIC susceptibility testing was performed according to the criteria of EUCAST. MLST was conducted for all 71 OM isolates.

The capsule detection and PCR – serotyping disclosed a predominance of NTHi (90.1%) and a few “a”, “f”, and “c” types. Biotype I was the most widespread (42.3%). β-lactam resistance was found in 35.2% of the isolates. MLST represented heterogenic population structure, whereas the most represented clonal complexes belonged to ST-3, ST-57, ST-105, and ST-1426. 42.3% of the STs showed relatedness to globally represented clones, and 11.3% displayed affiliation to international type 2.

Most of the H. influenzae isolates recovered from children with otitis media were non-typable strains from biotype I. The examined population structure was genetically diverse, with a predominance of international type 2 isolates.
Wojna informacyjna w globalnej przestrzeni bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego w XXI wieku (wybrane aspekty)
Authors: Szkurłat Izabela , Żebrowski Andrzej
Published: November 2023

W artykule wskazano na prowadzoną aktualnie wojnę informacyjną w aspekcie międzynarodowym. Scharakteryzowano, jak zmieniła się globalna przestrzeń informacyjna po wybuchu konfliktu zbrojnego pomiędzy Rosją a Ukrainą. Dodatkowo zaprezentowano w jaki sposób propaganda, manipulacja i dezinformacja wpływa na relacje międzynarodowe.