bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕПЛОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ДОВКІЛЛЯ ТА ВЕРХНІХ ШАРІВ ЗЕМЛІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Морозов Ю.П. , Чалаєв Д.М. , Ніколаєвська Н.В. , Добровольський М.П.
Published: December 2020

Проведено оцінку ефективності комбінованого використання низькопотенційної теплоти ґрунту та атмосферного повітря для роботи установки теплонасосного теплопостачання. Проведено аналіз основних положень нормативних документів ЄС та законодавчих актів України в частині віднесення теплових насосів до обладнання, яке використовує відновлювані джерела енергії та вибору критерію такого віднесення. Розглянуто мінімально допустиме значення середнього розрахункового сезонного коефіцієнту корисної дії. Проаналізовано вплив тривалості температур повітря різних градацій на теплопродуктивність теплового насосу та визначено часові інтервали ефективної роботи кожного з низькопотенційних джерел. Для підвищення ефективності роботи двоконтурної теплонасосної системи запропоновано схему вилучення низькопотенційної теплоти з використанням ґрунтової теплової труби і повітряного теплообмінника на базі двофазного гравітаційного термосифону. Розглянуто вихідні дані та припущення для оцінки теплового потенціалу верхніх шарів Землі, який може використовуватись для геотермального теплопостачання з застосуванням теплових насосів. Виконано порівняння енергетичних характеристик геотермального і повітряного теплового насосу при їх автономної і комбінованої роботи протягом року в кліматичних умовах міста Києва і показано, що комбіноване використання низькопотенційної теплоти атмосферного повітря і ґрунту дозволяє в 1,2 рази збільшити річну теплопродуктивність теплонасосної системи. На підставі проведених досліджень встановлено, що перевагою повітря, як теплоносія, є те, що повітряні теплові насоси можуть працювати практично повсюди і не вимагають облаштування низькотемпературного контуру. Перспективним способом підвищення ефективності теплового насоса при річному циклі його роботи є комбіноване використання низькопотенційної теплоти ґрунту та повітря. Теплонасосна система з двома джерелами енергії забезпечує високу теплопродуктивність теплового насоса протягом всього року і має більш високий показник енергетичної ефективності у порівнянні з традиційними рішеннями. Бібл.11, табл.2, рис.4.
PEMANFAATAN SARI UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas poiret) SEBAGAI ZAT PEWARNA PADA PEWARNAAN GRAM TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli
Authors: Marbun Rio Wahyu Septian
Published: December 2020

Ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas poiret) telah menyebar hampir di seluruh Indonesia dan menunjukkan adanya kandungan senyawa antosianin yang dapat mewarnai bakteri dan pada saat ini, penggunaan zat warna juga dilakukan pada bidang bidang laboratorium mikrobiologi cenderung harganya mahal dan sulitnya mendapatkan pewarna yang digunakan untuk praktikum di laboratorium mikrobiologi Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui apakah sari ubi jalar ungu dapat dijadikan  sebagai zat warna pada pewarnaan Gram terhadapa bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratory secara in vitro. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bakteri bentuk coccus pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan warna violet kemerahan pada pewarnaan gram dari kelompok eksperimen yang menggunakan larutan sari ubi jalar sebagai pengganti larutan Gentian Violet dan kelompok kontrol yang menggunakan Larutan Gentian violet. Dan pada bakteri bentuk basil pada Escherichia coli dengan warna merah pada pewarnaan gram dari kelompok eksperimen yang menggunakan larutan sari ubi jalar ungu sebagai pengganti larutan carbol fuchsin. ini membuktikan bahwa air perasan ubi jalar ungu dapat dijadikan sebagai zat warna pada pewarnaan Gram terhadapa bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
IMUNOPATOLOGI DAN PERSPEKTIF LABORATORIUM KLINIK SARS-COV-2 A REVIEW
Authors: Nurmansyah Dian
Published: December 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Sindrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) adalah virus dari Ordo Nidovirales family Coronaviridae yang menyebabkan sindrom pernafasan akut pada manusia. Virus ini pertama kali ditemukan kasusnya di Kota Wuhan, China pada medio Desember tahun 2019 dan ditetapkan oleh WHO sebagai Pandemi Global. Tata laksana penanganan pasien menjadi hal krusial dalam menekan angka mortalitas pasien dengan COVID-19 positif. Infeksi virus sebenanrya adalah self-limited disease dengan pengobatan bersifat suportif. Support pengobatan yang baik memerlukan informasi dan kejelasan pathogenesis virus, hasil laboratorium, gejala klinik pasien dan analisa mendalam mengenai karakteristik virus dan respon imun tubuh terhadap infeksi
REVIEW : PATOGENESIS DAN DIAGNOSA LABORATORIUM DEMAM TIFOID
Authors: Normaidah Id
Published: December 2020

Demam tifoid disebabkan oleh Salmonella typhi diketahui telah menyebabkan kematian lebih dari 600.000 jiwa di seluruh dunia. Pemahaman terhadap patogenesis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium yang tepat sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan terapi. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan pustaka yang berkaitan dengan patogenesis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium pada demam tifoid. Metode literature review ini menggunakan model Sistematic Literature Review (SLR) berdasarkan patogenesis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Infeksi S. typhi dimulai dengan masuknya bakteri melalui saluran cerna dan dapat berlangsung hingga 3 minggu. Pemeriksaan laboratorium demam tifoid meliputi kultur bakteri, pemeriksaan serologi, pemeriksaan molekuler, dan pemeriksaan penunjang lainnya. Kultur bakteri merupakan gold standar yang memiliki sensitivitas hingga 80% pada darah.  Pemeriksaan serologi dapat dilakukan seperti tes Widal, ELISA, SDS-PAGE blotting, RDT atau POCT menggunakan sampel darah vena, darah kapiler, bahkan serum, serta typhidot, dan Tubex TF. Pemeriksaan penunjang lain dapat ditandai dengan leukositosis dan eosinopenia. Pemeriksaan kimia darah juga didapatkan peningkatan AST dan ALT 2–3 kali lipat nilai normal
ANALISIS KETERLAMBATAN PEMBANGUNAN TOL DENGAN METODE STOKASTIK DAN MITIGASI RISIKO
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Berdasarkan informasi dari pihak kontraktor dan pemilik  proyek, didapat bahwa Pembangunan Jalan Tol ini mengalami keterlambatan yang signifikan dalam penyelesaiannya. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi, menilai, mensimulasikan   dan   mengurangi   risiko   keterlambatan   Pembangunan  Jalan Tol dengan metode Stokastik dan Mitigasi Risiko. Pada kenyataannya ditemukan beberapa artikel keterlambatan proyek jalan tol, tetapi pada studi kasus ini diharapkan dengan  mengkombinasikan 2 metode analisis di atas diharapkan  dapat  memberi masukan baru bagi para peneliti. Hasil mitigasi mengurangi durasi waktu keterlambatan  proyek yang relatif maksimal dan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian.  Dari identifikasi risiko, didapat  9 risiko yang berpengaruh  terhadap  kinerja waktu. Beberapa  risiko yang paling besar berpengaruh  terhadap kinerja waktu diantaranya : terkait pembebasan lahan, Investigasi tidak memadai sebelum pekerjaan desain dan data survei tidak akurat (pra desain). Analisa risiko terhadap waktu berdasarkan  analisa Stokastik didapat bahwa dengan tingkat keyakinan 90% maka kemungkinan proyek dapat diselesaikan  dalam waktu diantara 782 - 821 hari, dalam realisasinya proyek Pembangunan Pembangunan Tol ini menghadapi keterlambatan hingga 1112 hari (pobabilitas kejadiannya adalah diatas 95%).
PENANGANAN SIMPANG DI TINJAU DARI ASPEK TEKNIS DAN EKONOMI( study kasus jalan Hr Soebrantas dan jalan Garuda sakti)
Authors: Wakhidho Heru
Published: December 2020

Kota Pekanbaru yang merupakan pusat regional Riau yang memikul tiga fungsi kegiatan  utama, yakni pusat kegiatan pemerintahan, pusat kegiatan perdagangan dan pusat kegiatan transportasi Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat pelayanan simpang berdasarkan data lalu lintas simpang tersebut apakah derajat jenuhnya sudah melewati ambang batas DS = 0,75. Jika nilai DS>0,75, akan dikaji penerapan beberapa alternatif penanganan untuk meningkatkan tingkat pelayanan simpang, untuk kemudian dipilih lagi alternatif terbaik untuk jangka pendek, menengah dan panjang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode traffic counting, sedangkan untuk pengkajian alternatif penanganan simpang secara teknik menggunakan metode MKJI 1997, secara ekonomi menggunakan metode LAPI ITB, analisa nilai waktu dengan nilai waktu hasil penelitian Dirjen Bina Marga dan analisa biaya investasi dengan analisa Benefit Cost Ratio dan Net Present Value. Selain itu digunakan juga metode analisa geometrik untuk memproyeksikan jumlah Lalu lintas Harian Rerata (LHR).
Fernandez de Oviedo, historiador y literato. Humanismo, cristianismo e hidalguia
Authors: Kohut Karl
Published: December 2020

Abstract/Description:

Fernández de Oviedo, famous Spanish conquistador and author of "Historia General y Natural de los Indias", is a controversial historical figure. Since his period, he is usually portrayed negatively as an inhuman, fierce enemy of the Indians. Kohut's monograph investigates the validity of such portrayal. According to his study, his negative role cannot be denied, but there were number of issues that are usually omitted and Oviedo's negative portrayal may have been exaggerated.

Short description written by Michał Gilewski
Reforming the organization’s economic security management process
Authors: Gerasimov Boris
Published: December 2020

The process of economic security is becoming increasingly important

in the security system of organizations. However, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of this process, changes in the parameters of its functioning

within the organization are sometimes required. The search and study of existing difficulties in the economic security process of the base organization

is carried out. Based on the results of the study, a set of innovative proposals

was identified, and a technology was developed to improve the process of ensuring the economic security of the organization.
Diversification as the main mechanism for ensuring the economic security of enterprises of the Russian military-industrial complex and its regulatory support
Authors: Golubev Sergey
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the research topic is due to the task set by the President

of the Russian Federation to increase the share of civilian and dual-use products, due to the need to increase the capacity utilization of defense enterprises

in the context of a decrease in the share of the state defense order. The article presents forecasts of options for the production of civil and military products for the medium-term period in terms of the development of the defense

industry, proves the need to develop diversification to ensure the economic

security of defense enterprises, reveals the specifics of the diversification of

defense enterprises, and also considers the issues of making changes to the

resolutions Of the government of the Russian Federation, necessary to intensify work on the diversification of defense enterprises.
Global challenges and the formation of the digital economy: current state, security problems, development trends
Authors: Lytnyeva Natalya , Voronov Sergey , Kidanova Natalia
Published: December 2020

At present, the issues of economic security seem to be relevant both for

the economic development of the state and for complex scientific research.

A wide range of the vital activities of society includes indicators that reflect

the potential threats that can be encountered by economic agents. The problem of economic security is now becoming increasingly important, and this

in turn is caused by the rapid development of a diversified alternative economy that uses the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress. It is quite difficult to predict the development of the country’s economy

in the long term when the current challenges and threats are not taken into

account. That is why in the information age, where information technology

is the main basis for conducting economic activity, and information security

is one of the main directions of state development, while the state itself

acts as an economic institution. Therefore, the development of the digital

economy in Russia poses both opportunities and significant threats.
Particular types of economic dysfunctions: economic and legal mechanisms of counteraction
Authors: Chebotarev Stanislav , Petryanin Alexey
Published: December 2020

The article examines the most harmful particular types of economic dysfunctions that significantly undermine the economic security of the Russian Federation. Using the method of deduction and retrospective technique,

their negative impact on the micro- and macroeconomic development of

the national economy is presented. The following forms of economic dysfunctions are proposed for consideration: inflation, dollarization and capital

outflow. Demonstrated are the economic and legal mechanisms of counteracting them, indicating the progressive decriminalization and economic

recovery. New types of economic dysfunctions have been identified that

require a prompt response from the state and bona fide participants in economic relations.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Civitas Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Terkait Produksi Kampanye Public Relations di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Utari Syifa Astasia , Zebua Winda Dwiastuti
Published: December 2020

Berbagai lini kehidupan masyarakat ikut terkena dampak akibat keberadaan Covid-19, beragam upaya juga terus dilakukan guna menekan angka pertumbuhan Covid-19 di Indonesia, mulai dari kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, penerapan protokol kesehatan, hingga edukasi publik mengenai pentingnya pola hidup sehat. Kondisi ini menuntut pemerintah dan stakeholder lainnya untuk mampu mendifusikan informasi terkait isu tersebut kepada masyarakat secara tepat dan akurat, salah satunya adalah dengan menggalakkan kampanye. Kampanye yang digencarkan secara intensif dianggap mampu membentuk persepsi publik mengenai suatu isu, namun terkadang validitas pesan yang beredar masih perlu dipertanyakan sehingga menimbulkan disinformasi dan berpotensi menjadi hoax, misalnya saja kampanye seputar Vaksin Covid-19. Program ini berupaya untuk meningkatkan kompetensi peserta melalui kegiatan sharing knowledge tentang produksi dan distribusi kampanye di lapangan, agar civitas UMJ dapat berkontribusi dalam mengeduksi masyarakat melalui kampanye yang mereka buat. Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa talkshow dan pelatihan pembuatan kampanye melalui webinar di Zoom meeting dan live streaming di Youtube FISIP UMJ, dengan judul Communicatalks: Tren Kampanye Humas di Masa Pandemi dan berkolaborasi dengan Humas KEMENPPPA sebagai studi kasus. Hasil kegiatan ini peserta mampu menciptakan pesan-pesan kampanye yang berkualitas dan valid sehingga resiko disinformasi yang menyebabkan keresahan di masyarakat dapat diminimalisasi, contoh-contoh hasil kampanye dipublikasikan melalui media sosial.

Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Hoax, Kampanye, KEMENPPPA, Public Relation
Environmental and genetic interaction of some Oat genotypes under the influence of different types of irrigation water
Authors: هواس عبدالله أنيس أحمد , عبد الحميد الحاجوج يوسف
Published: December 2020

In this study, ten oat genotypes (Alguda , Anatolia , Pimula ,Genzania ,Hamel, Icarda short ,Kangaroo ,Icarda tall ,Mitika and Possum) were used under the impact of three irrigation water types and two agricultural seasons. Performance and genetic and environmental interaction were studied according to Eberhart and Russel and cluster analysis for Days to anthesis , plant height ,flag leaf area,no.effective tillers , no.grains.panicul , 1000 grains weight and grain yield (t.he-1), We reached the most important results that was through obtaining statistically significant in analysis of variance table of the sources of difference in environments, genotypes and the interaction between them for all characteristics under study. Genotype (6) distinguished in no.effective tillers (141.06 tiller.m-2 ), no.grains.panicul-1 (66.89 grain.panicul-1) and grain yield (1.48 t.he-1) and genotype (1) in days to anthesis (110.70 day) and no.effective tillers (136.67 tiller.m-2) and the interaction between fourth environment and genotype (6) for no.grains.panicul (66.67 grains,panicul-1) .In addition to this uniqueness in performance, genotype (6) proved its stability for plant height, 1000 grains weight and grain yield (t.he-1) .These indices are feasible with evidence that they coincided with yield and some of its components, as well as to high stability to be implemented in future after testing with other factors. In addition to that, obtaining the state of the genetic distance between genotypes tested across environments, in particular genotype (8) with genotypes (6 and 7) and hence can be used in breeding programs, especially hybridization.
Genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii that isolate from different cases by using ERIC
Authors: مجاهد عبدالله رنا , طارق زياد رشا
Published: December 2020

Determination of genetic relatedness typing between isolates has done for Acinetobacter baumannii isolates by using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR), the results of the current study showed the presence of a genetic relationship between bacterial isolates isolated from different clinical sources. The results of the study showed the presence of 18 patterns, the molecular weight of these bands ranged between (100-4000) bp.
Dendogram analysis of the results showed that there was genetic relatedness between the isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in only one clone while 37 isolated contain different genotyping.
Peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization
Authors: Siryk Zenoviy
Published: December 2020

Ukraine is a unitary state, yet historically various regions, oblasts, districts, and local areas have different levels of economic development. To secure sustainable economic and social development and provide social services guaranteed by the state for each citizen according to the Constitution, the mechanism of redistribution between revenues and expenditures of oblasts, regions, and territories through the budgets of a higher level is used. The paper aims to research the peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization. The paper defines the nature of interbudgetary relations. The basic and reverse subsidies to Ukraine and Lvivska oblast are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages the communities face at changing approaches to balancing local budgets are determined. Regulative documents that cover the interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the problem of local finances reforming, including the development of interbudgetary relations. The scheme of the economic interbudgetary relations system in Ukraine is developed. The ways to improve the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are suggested. The negative and positive aspects, advantages, and disadvantages of the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine require the following improvements. 1. It is necessary to avoid the complete budget alignment in the process of budgets balancing by interbudgetary transfers as the major objective. 2. The interbudgetary transfers should be distributed based on a formal approach. 3. The changes have to be introduced to the calculation of medical and educational subsidies in terms of financial standard of budget provision to avoid the money deficit for coverage of necessary expenditures. 4. There is a need to improve interbudgetary relations at the levels of districts, villages, towns, and cities of district subordination. 5. Improvement of the mechanism of targeted benefits provision, their real evaluation, and control for the use of funds.
Evolution of economic cycles and determination of structural changes in the national economy
Authors: Nazarkevych Ihor
Published: December 2020

The role of state structural regulation of the national economy in the conditions of the high volatility of economic cycles is substantiated. The key parameters of the system of state regulation of the economy in terms of permanent structural transformation and cyclical national economy are defined as the following: efficiency, balance of interests of all participants in economic relations, socialization and greening of economic processes. The evolution of basic theories of cyclical economic development is studied, and their main features in terms of factor influence on cyclicity and structural transformations in the system of the national economy are determined. The scientific and methodological approach to determining the content of structural changes in the national economy is determined as a transition from one paradigm of development and economic growth to another paradigm more adequate to the global challenges and domestic demands faced by society. The author's definitions of the structural-economic conceptual-categorical apparatus that reflects the transformation processes in the cyclical economy are suggested, in particular: the structure of the national economy (structural basis); structural changes (transformation, shifts); structural policy; structural reform (restructuring); structural crisis. The cyclical development of the economy is characterized, which is often accompanied by such undesirable parameters as discreteness, uncertainty, chaos, which affects economic growth and resilience of the national economy to recession shocks. Timely structural reform is determined to be the only vector to prevent it, including ensuring the availability of developed domestic markets, high competitiveness of domestic companies in global markets, high level of solvency of domestic consumers and efficient structure of the national economy. These factors will help reduce the level of negative effects arising from market fluctuations.
Інструменти побудови інтелектуальної системи підтримки прийняття рішень ідентифікації культурних цінностей.
Authors: Мартиненко А. , Мороз Б. , Гуліна І.
Published: December 2020

У статті розглядається проблема розробки інтелектуальної системи підтримки прийняття рішень ідентифікації культурних цінностей, питання вибору і обґрунтування методів та інструментів для її побудови. Розглянуто методи дослідження та побудови складних об'єктів, перспективи використання сучасних штучних нейронних мереж як інструменту для розробки інтелектуальної системи підтримки прийняття рішень. Також визначено перспективи та шляхи подальшого дослідження і використання даної предметної області.
SENSITIVITY OF SERUM PROTEINS OF GI CANCER PATIENTS TO CHEMOTHERAPY COURSES
Authors: Ioramashvili Irine , Sujashvili Rusudan , Gamkrelidze Marika , Tsitsilashvili Sofia
Published: December 2020

Gastrointestinal cancers (GI) are one of the most abundant types of cancers among the world population, though statistical data indicate that in eastern Asia these types of cancer occur 4 times more often than in Western Europe. Absence of treatment of bacterial infections, obesity, and lack of vegetable food in a diet can be the case of GI cancer. All pathologies are inevitably connected to the changes in cell cycle, abnormal protein amount and their dysfunction. Serum proteins are widely used as an additional source of information about body condition, also changes in protein composition can point out the mechanism of disease development and effectiveness of treatment. In the presented work we studied protein composition of GI cancer patients in different stages of cancer development, after and before chemotherapy and compared these data to protein composition of healthy control group of voluntaries. Treatment of patients was performed according the guidelines appropriate for the GI cancer. Association of the effectiveness of treatment at the different stages of chemotherapeutic courses and changes of protein composition of blood serum has been assessed. Proteins composition was studies by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and densitometry analysis. Experimentally gained molecular and statistical information exposed the most vulnerable groups of proteins affected by chemotherapeutic agents indicating targets for searching new biomarkers for treatment effectiveness.
Research involving human patients performed in accordance with the requirements of the Council of Europe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, Biomedical Research, as well as the UNESCO Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights.
Keywards: Gastrointestinal cancer, chemotherapy, proteins, biomarkers.
HERBS USED TO TREAT SKIN DISEASES
Authors: Matoshvili Maia , Tophuria Davit
Published: December 2020

Skin diseases are numerous and a frequently occurring health problem affecting all ages from the neonates to the elderly and cause harm in number of ways. Maintaining healthy skin is important for a healthy body. Many people may develop skin diseases that affect the skin, including cancer, herpes and cellulitis. Some wild plants and their parts are frequently used to treat these diseases. The use of plants is as old as the mankind. Natural treatment is cheap and claimed to be safe. It is also suitable raw material for production of new synthetic agents. A review of some plants for the treatment of skin diseases is provided that summarizes the recent studies. Natural drugs from the plants are gaining popularity because of several advantages such as often having fewer side-effects, better patient tolerance, being relatively less expensive and acceptable due to a long history of use. Besides herbal medicines provide rational means for the treatment of many diseases that are obstinate and incurable in other systems of medicine. For these reasons several plants have been investigated for treatment of skin diseases ranging from itching to skin cancer. So far 31 plants have been reported to be effective in various skin diseases during the past 17 years (1995-2012) of research work, which are mentioned below.
Императивы нефтяной стратегии Азербайджана
Authors:   DES, Professor, Hajizadeh Elshan
Published: December 2020

Доказанные нефтяные запасы Азербайджана на настоящее время оцениваются в семь миллиардов баррелей, что составляет 0,6% мировых запасов, обеспеченность которых предполагается на 61 год. Кроме того, республика располагает уникальными запасами природного газа масштабы которого рассчитываются от 1 до 3 триллиона кубических метров. Основная часть потенциальных углеводородных ресурсов республики сосредоточена в шельфовой зоне площадью в 78,8 тысяч км2 Азербайджанского сектора Каспия. Здесь отечественными специалистами выявлено 145 перспективных структур. На суше в старых площадях также имеется значительные запасы. Геологи республики указывают, что больше половины нефтяных, 3/4 газовых ресурсов еще остаются неоткрытым и степень разведанности углеводородных запасов геолого-геофизическими методами составляет всего 30-40 процентов.
Covid-19 Salgını Sonrasında Okul Kavramındaki Paradigma Değişimine ve Okulların Yeniden Açılmasına İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: AKKAŞ BAYSAL Emine , OCAK Gürbüz
Published: December 2020

Türkiye'nin de aralarında yer aldığı pek çok ülkede COVID-19 salgını sebebiyle geçici olarak okullara ara verildi. Bu süreçte, eğitim öğretimin sekteye uğramaması için uzaktan eğitim programları ile eğitime devam edildi. Tüm dünyanın ansızın karşılaştığı bu salgın sürecinde, her ne kadar normalleşme adımları atılsa ve mevcut durumlar korunmaya çalışılsa da, pek çok kavram yeniden anlamlandırılmak zorunda kaldı. Ayrıca, salgın devam etse de gelişim döngüsünün sürdürülebilmesi için normalleşme adımları atılmaya başlandı. Bu kapsamda atılacak adımlardan birisi de okulların yeniden açılmasının gündeme gelmesi oldu. Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 salgını sonrasında şekillenen yeni okul kavramının altında yatan paradigma ve okulların yeniden açılmasının çeşitli boyutlarına ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerini ele almak amaçlanmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması olarak desenlenen araştırmanın örneklem grubunu 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında Afyonkarahisar il merkezinde çalışacak olan, çeşitli branşlardan 42 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmış ve içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular, salgın öncesinde ve salgın sonrasında öğretmenlerin sahip oldukları okul algısının değiştiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, öğretmenler okulların yeniden açılmasının sadece zaman olarak değil, çeşitli yönlerden değerlendirilmesi yönünde görüş belirtmişlerdir. Bu bulgular bütünsel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, COVID-19 salgını sonrasında eğitim ortamlarındaki paradigmaların köklü değişimlere uğradığı sonucu çıkarılabilir.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Aktif Vatandaşlık Öz Yeterliliklerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi (Ege Bölgesi Örneği)
Authors: SÜVARİ Şevket , TANGÜLÜ Zafer
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının aktif vatandaşlık öz yeterliliklerinin ne düzeyde olduğunu tespit etmektir. Bu doğrultuda cinsiyet, öğrenim görmekte olduğu üniversite, sivil toplum kuruluşlarına üyelik durumu ve siyasi gündemi takip etme durumu değişkenlerine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir çeşidi olan anlık tarama modeli ile araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini 2019-2020 Eğitim-Öğretim yılı Ege bölgesindeki devlet üniversitelerinde Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmenliği programında öğrenim gören öğretmen adayları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya Ege bölgesinde yer alan 9 devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 749 Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adayı katılım sağlamıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak aktif yurttaşlık öz yeterlilik ölçeği ve kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada genel itibariyle Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının aktif vatandaşlık öz yeterlilikleri yüksek düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre adayların cinsiyet, sivil toplum kuruluşlarına üyelik durumu, siyasi gündemi takip etme durumu değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği; öğrenim görmekte olduğu üniversite değişkenine göre ise anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Numerical determination of hydrodynamic characteristics of a submerged airfoil
Authors: Ливеринова М.А. , Тряскин Н.В.
Published: December 2020

В работе рассмотрено влияние параметров профиля на его гидродинамические характеристики. Задача решена методом, учитывающем вязкость, расчёты произведены в открытом пакете OpenFOAM методом контрольного объема, и потенциальным, численная реализация осуществляется методом граничного элемента. Оценка вихреволнового взаимодействия в потенциальном методе выполняется с помощью распределения гидродинамических особенностей по поверхности профиля и свободной поверхности, и численного решения системы уравнений нелинейной нестационарной задачи о движении крыла вблизи раздела сред вода-воздух. В вязкостном методе совместно решены уравнения Навье-Стокса и неразрывности, осреднённые по Рейнольдсу. Решена плоская задача, движение рассмотрено обращенное. Произведена верификация математической модели и найдено сеточно-независимое решение. Рассмотрено влияние относительной глубины погружения, различных скоростей движения, малых углов атаки, формы профиля в плане на его основные эксплуатационные характеристики: коэффициент подъемной силы и коэффициент сопротивления. Выбраны три профиля в плане: сегментный, Вальхнера, симметричный. Сделаны выводы о влиянии параметров профиля на гидродинамические характеристики (ГДХ), построены зависимости ГДХ от исследуемых параметров и распределение коэффициента давления по поверхности профиля. Рассмотренные методы хорошо согласуются между собой, позволяют оценить ГДХ крыла, построить волновую поверхность, подобрать оптимальные параметры движения для СПК численно на стадии проектирования.

In this article, the influence of the profile parameters on the hydrodynamic characteristics of a submerged airfoil is reviewed. A home-made code based on boundary element method and hypotheses of the potential theory was used. The interaction between free surface and airfoil generated vortexes was estimated by distribution of hydrodynamic singularities on the airfoil and free surface. To consider viscosity effects, an open-source packet OpenFOAM based on finite-volume method was used to solve the Navier-Stokes and continuity equations averaged by Reynolds method. The mathematical model was verified and validated, and a grid-independent solution was found. The influence of the relative depth of immersion, speed, angle of attack, and the shape of the profile on its main hydrodynamic characteristics was considered. Three profiles were selected: segmental, Walchner, and symmetrical. The dependences of coefficients on the studied parameters and the distribution of the pressure coefficient over the profile are studied and analyzed. The considered methods are in a good agreement with each other. Obtained results allow to estimate the wing hydrodynamic characteristics and resulting wave surface which give possibility to select the optimal motion parameters for the hydrofoil at the early design stage.
On the issue of reduction of relative motion of the bow for a ship with energy-saving wing elements in headwind waves
Authors: Хтет З.М. , Рождественский К.В.
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматривается относительное перемещение носовой оконечности судна с энергосберегающими крыльевыми элементами на встречном волнении, а также результаты сравнения соответствующих расчетных и экспериментальных данных. Метод расчета основан на линейной теории поперечных сечений в частотной области. Сначала производится расчет продольной (вертикальной и килевой) качки судна встречном волнении, а затем расчетные данные используются для расчета относительных перемещений точек корпуса судна. Далее, для найденных численным методом смешанных колебаний носового и кормового крыльев, с привлечением теории Теодорсена колеблющегося профиля. В ходе расчетов демонстрируется влияние на относительное перемещение удлинения и площади энергосберегающих крыльев, а также эффект реализации относительного перемещения и вертикального ускорения при совместном использовании носового и кормового крыльев по сравнению со случаем использования только одного (носового или кормового) крыла. Полученные расчетные данные позволяют получить представление о механизме и эффективности снижения относительного перемещения на встречном волнении при качке судна с энергосберегающими крыльевыми элементами.

Considered in the article are relative vertical displacement of the bow extremity of a ship with energy-saving wing elements in headwind regular waves, and also comparison of corresponding computational and experimental data. The method of calculation is based on a linear strip theory in frequency domain. At first, calculation is carried out of longitudinal (heaving & pitching) motions of a ship with and without wings in headwind waves, and then calculated results are employed to determine relative displacements of ship hull points. To account for the influence of inertial and damping effects of the wings attached to the hull we make use of Theodorsen theory of oscillating foil. Demonstrated in the course of calculations are the effects of wings aspect ratio and area as well as position with respect to the hull (bow wing, stern wing and bow & stern wings). Obtained computed data brings about better understanding of the mechanism and efficiency of reduction of vertical displacements of the hull points for a ship with energy-saving wings in headwind regular waves
Application of data analysis methods to the results of operation of the marine structure health monitoring system
Authors: Коршунов В.А. , Петров О.Н. , Пономарев Д.А. , Родионов А.А.
Published: December 2020

В работе представлены результаты, анализа и обработки больших массивов данных, получаемых с системы мониторинга состояния МЛСП. Проанализированы зафиксированные внешние воздействия и отклики конструкции с привязкой к временной шкале. Получены коэффициенты корреляции между внешними воздействиями. Построены фазовые портреты внешних воздействий с выраженными аттракторами. Получены коэффициенты корреляции между откликами конструкции. Построены фазовые портреты откликов. Установлены корреляционные зависимости между зафиксированными внешними воздействиями и зарегистрированными откликами конструкции. Проведен кластерный анализ. Установлены связи между кластерами, позволяющие сформулировать гипотезы о более ожидаемых и менее ожидаемых переходах. Определены основные положения для повышения прогнозных характеристик системы мониторинга.

In the paper the results of analysis and processing of large data sets obtained from structures of offshore ice-resistant fixed platform health monitoring system are presented. The fixed external influences and responses of the structure are analyzed with reference to the timeline. Coefficients of correlation between external influences are obtained. Phase portraits of external influences with pronounced attractors are constructed. The coefficients of correlation between the responses of the structure are obtained. Phase portraits of responses were constructed. Correlations between the recorded external influences and the registered responses of the structure have been established. Cluster analysis was carried out. The connections between the clusters have been established, which make it possible to formulate hypotheses about more expected and less expected transitions. The main provisions for improving the predictive characteristics of the monitoring system are determined.
Investigation of iceberg towing processes based on finite-dimensional models of continuous media
Authors: Коршунов В.А. , Мудрик Р.С. , Пономарев Д.А. , Родионов А.А.
Published: December 2020

В работе рассмотрена проблема управления ледовой обстановкой при освоении участков на морской шельфе. Отмечено, что наиболее эффективным способом управления движения айсбергов и их осколков является использование буксировочных систем. В зависимости от размера айсберга в качестве буксировочной системы может использоваться либо одиночный канат, либо ледовая сетка. Описана технология осуществления буксировки. Рассмотрено два варианта математической формулировки задачи буксировки. Инженерный подход основан на решении системы нелинейных дифференциальных уравнений динамики с известными начальными условиями. Наиболее точным является аппарат механики сплошных сред, который опирается на фундаментальные законы сохранения. Он позволяет построить связанную нелинейную систему дифференциальных уравнений с минимальным количеством допущений. Использование данного подхода возможно при численном моделировании процесса буксировки. В работе создана конечно-элементная модель взаимодействия айсберга с буксировочной системой. Разработан упрощенный алгоритм учета жидкости. Получены кинематические и динамические характеристики процесса буксировки. Определен коэффициент динамичности усилий.

The paper deals with the problem of ice management during the development of the sea shelf. It is noted that the most effective way to control the movement of icebergs and their fragments is to use towing systems. Depending on the size of the iceberg, either a single rope or an ice net can be used as a towing system. The technology of towing is described. Various of the mathematical formulation of the towing problem are considered. The engineering approach is based on solving a system of nonlinear differential equations of dynamics with initial conditions. More accurate approach is the computational continuum mechanics, which is based on fundamental conservation laws. It allows to build a nonlinear system of differential equations with a minimum of assumptions. This approach can be used for numerical modeling of the towing process. In the paper, a finite element model of the interaction of an iceberg with a towing system is created. To account liquid the simplified algorithm is prescribed. The kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the towing process are obtained. The dynamic factor of axial force is determined.
Probability characteristics and sensitivity of wideband noise-like signal detector with duration selectivity
Authors: Егоров С.Б. , Горбачев Р.И.
Published: December 2020

Для широкополосного обнаружителя шумового сигнала с квадратором и селекторами сигнала по уровню и длительности разработана методика определения порогов селекции по уровню и длительности, если задана вероятность ложной тревоги на максимально возможном интервале ожидания сигнала. В основе методики – применение «выбросовой» вероятностной модели работы обнаружителя в режиме ожидания и использование многомерной функции распределения вероятностей нормализованного помехового индикаторного процесса. Получена вероятностная характеристика обнаружения и изложена методика оценки чувствительности двухселекторного обнаружителя. Показано, что применение селекции по длительности позволяет повысить чувствительность двухселекторного обнаружителя по сравнению с односелекторным при равной вероятности ложной тревоги. Показано, что существует оптимальное сочетание порогов селекции по уровню и длительности, когда критерием оптимальности является максимум чувствительности обнаружителя. Этот максимум достигается, когда порог селекции по длительности составляет 0.1 от периода средней квадратичной частоты флуктуаций помехового индикаторного процесса.

This article proposes a method for determining the level and duration thresholds in a wideband noise-like signal detector if the probability of a false alarm is set at the maximum possible signal waiting interval. The method is based on the use of «emissional» probabilistic model of the detector in standby mode and the use of a multidimensional probability distribution function of the normalized noise indicator process. A probabilistic characteristic of detection is obtained and also described a technique for the estimation of sensitivity of a two-step selection detector. It is shown that the use of selection by duration makes possible to increase the sensitivity of a two-step selection detector in comparison with a single-step selection detector with an equal probability of a false alarm. It is shown that there is an optimal combination of selection thresholds in terms of level and duration, when the optimality criterion is the maximum sensitivity of the detector. This maximum is reached when the duration selection threshold is about 0.1 of the period of the root-mean-square fluctuations frequency of the noise indicator process.
Influence of curing technology on morphology and physical characteristics of epoxy glue DM-5-65
Authors: Баранец И.В. , Бобков А.Д. , Гайдукова Л.В. , Краснов А.В. , Легуша Ф.Ф. , Пугачев С.И. , Рытов Е.Ю.
Published: December 2020

Проведено комплексное исследование воздействия энергетических полей различной физической природы – электротермического (ЭТ), ультразвукового (УЗ), сверхвысокочастотного (СВЧ) и комбинации этих полей на морфологию, удельную плотность и свободную поверхностную энергию промышленного эпоксидного клея ДМ-5-65, содержащего в качестве одного из неорганических наполнителей титанат бария (BaTiO3). В соответствии с технологией изготовления составных электроакустических преобразователей гидроакустических систем клей наносился на поверхность пьезокерамики, металлизированную серебром высокотемпературным методом «вжигания». Экспериментально установлено существенное варьирование характера расположения наполнителя BaTiO3 в матрице связующего, плотности химических связей и адгезии образующегося соединения клей – металл при изменении технологии отверждения клея. Анализ полученных результатов свидетельствует о возможности регулирования в широких пределах плотности и однородности клея, а также смачиваемости клеем поверхности твердого тела.

A comprehensive study of the effect of energy fields of various physical nature – electrothermal (ET), ultrasonic (US), microwave and a combination of these fields on the morphology, specific density and free surface energy of industrial epoxy glue DM-5-65, containing barium titanate (BaTiO3) as one of the non-organic fillers. In accordance with the technology of manufacturing composite electroacoustic transducers of hydroacoustic systems, glue was applied to the surface of piezoceramics, metallized with silver by the high-temperature "burning" method. Experimentally, a significant variation in the nature of the location of the BaTiO3 filler in the binder matrix, the density of chemical bonds, and the adhesion of the resulting glue-metal compound when the glue curing technology changes. The analysis of the obtained results shows that it is possible to control the density and uniformity of the glue, as well as the wettability of the solid surface by the glue, within a wide range.
Przemiany własności w rolnictwie – kontekst systemowy z perspektywy prawa krajowego i unijnego
Authors: Jurcewicz Alina , Popardowski Paweł
Published: December 2020

In the article, the Authors attempt to systematically formulate “property”, from the point of view of both – Polish and EU legislation. They highlight various understandings of property and point out, how complicated the evolution of this law aspect has been. The point of reference in the conducted analysis is the assumption that property is one of the most important elements of the legal order. It is also perceived as a pillar of social and economic system. At the same time, property, and more precisely – its juridical concept assumed by a legislator as a factor shaping not only the content of property right but also determining its allowable forms, constitutes a fundamental instrument used by a country to influence its social and economic reality. As a reference to the Polish law, the Authors presented understandings of property that result from the constitution and civil law and pointed out fundamental differences between them. They highlighted also the fact that the constitutional concept of property is normatively superior to the other concept, what is reflected by the fact that property, formulated in the Constitution as an elementary right, determines the requirements concerning statutory under-standing of property. According to the principles of EU legislation, property is also perceived as an elementary right, but, as in the Polish law, it does not constitute an absolute (unlimited) right. It is though indicated that public interest in the broad sense of the term may constitute a legal prerequisite for interference in owner’s entitlements.
Nowa dyrektywa tytoniowa w świetle postanowień Konstytucji RP
Authors: Gruszczyński Łukasz , Ziółkowski Michał
Published: December 2020

The article assesses the compatibility of the new Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) with the Polish Constitution. It concludes that although the Polish Constitutional Tribunal remains in principle competent to review acts of EU law (including directives if certain conditions are met), the scope of such a review is very limited and consists only of assessing whether EU institutions acted within scope of the competences transferred to them. The same holds true for domestic measures which merely implement directives. As a consequence, any review of the TPD provisions will be very restricted and can hardly lead to their inapplicability on the Polish territory. The article also assesses the compatibility with the Polish Constitution of the plain packaging requirement, which is not provided for, but only suggested by the TPD. In this context, it concludes that the Tribunal will be fully competent to review any national measure that introduces such a restriction. Although the outcome of such a review cannot be predicted with certainty, the article posits that there are good grounds to believe that the plain packaging requirement will be considered constitutional (i.e. in particular with respect to those provisions of the Constitution which protect property and freedom of economic activity).