bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VISUALIZING GERMANNESS THROUGH COSTUMES IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
Authors: CROFTS FREDERICK G.
Published: February 2021

Examining the understudied collection of costume images from Heidelberg Calvinist, lawyer, and church councillor Marcus zum Lamm's (1544–1606) ‘treasury’ of images, theThesaurus Picturarum, this article intervenes in the historiography on sixteenth-century German national imaginaries, emphasizing the import of costume books and manuscript alba for national self-fashioning. By bringing late sixteenth-century ethnographic costume image collections into scholarly discourse on the variegated ways of conceiving and visualizing Germany and Germanness over the century, this article sheds new light on a complex narrative of continuity and change in the history of German nationhood and identity. Using zum Lamm's images as a case-study, this article stresses the importance of incorporating costume image collections into a nexus of patriotic genres, including works of topographical-historical, natural philosophical, ethnographic, cartographic, cosmographic, and genealogical interest. Furthermore, it calls for historians working on sixteenth-century costume books and alba to look deeper into the meanings of such images and collections in the specific contexts of their production; networks of knowledge and material exchange; and – in the German context – the political landscape of territorialization, confessionalization, and dynastic ambition in the Holy Roman Empire between the Peace of Augsburg and the Thirty Years War (1555–1618).
Demographic and clinical variables associated with response to clozapine in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Griffiths Kira , Millgate Edward , Egerton Alice , MacCabe James H.
Published: February 2021

Clozapine is the only licensed pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, response to clozapine is variable. Understanding the demographic and clinical features associated with response to clozapine may be useful for patient stratification for clinical trials or for identifying patients for earlier initiation of clozapine. We systematically reviewed the literature to investigate clinical and demographic factors associated with variation in clozapine response in treatment-resistant patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Subsequently, we performed a random-effects meta-analysis to evaluate differences in duration of illness, age at clozapine initiation, age of illness onset, body weight and years of education between clozapine responders and non-responders. Thirty-one articles were eligible for qualitative review and 17 of these were quantitatively reviewed. Shorter duration of illness, later illness onset, younger age at clozapine initiation, fewer hospitalisations and fewer antipsychotic trials prior to clozapine initiation showed a trend to be significantly associated with a better response to clozapine. Meta-analysis of seven studies, totalling 313 subjects, found that clozapine responders had a significantly shorter duration of illness compared to clozapine non-responders [g = 0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06–0.56; p = 0.01]. The results imply that a delay in clozapine treatment may result in a poorer response and that a focus on prompt treatment with clozapine is warranted.
Longitudinal courses of suicidal ideation in U.S. military veterans: a 7-year population-based, prospective cohort study
Authors: Herzog Sarah , Tsai Jack , Nichter Brandon , Kachadourian Lorig , Harpaz-Rotem Ilan , Pietrzak Robert H.
Published: February 2021

Background

Varied longitudinal courses of suicidal ideation (SI) may be linked to unique sets of risk and protective factors.

Method

A national probability sample of 2291 U.S. veterans was followed over four assessments spanning 7 years to examine how a broad range of baseline risk and protective factors predict varying courses of SI.

Results

Most veterans (82.6%) denied SI at baseline and all follow-ups, while 8.7% had new onset SI, 5.4% chronic SI, and 3.3% remitted SI. Compared to the no-SI group, chronic SI was associated with childhood trauma, baseline major depressive and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (MDD/PTSD), physical health difficulties, and recent traumatic stressors. Remitted veterans had the highest risk of a prior suicide attempt (SA) compared to no-SI [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 3.31] and chronic SI groups (RRR = 4.65); and high rates of MDD/PTSD (RRR = 7.62). New onset SI was associated with recent stressors and physical health difficulties. All symptomatic SI groups reported decrements in protective factors, specifically, social connectedness, trait curiosity/exploration, and purpose in life.

Conclusion

Nearly one-in-five veterans reported SI over a 7-year period, most of whom evidenced new onset or remitted SI courses. Chronic and remitted SI may represent particularly high-risk SI courses; the former was associated with higher rates of prospective SA, and psychiatric and physical distress, and the latter with increased likelihood of prior SA, and isolation from social and mental health supports. Physical disability, MDD/PTSD, and recent stressors may be important precipitating or maintaining factors of SI, while social connectedness may be a key target for suicide prevention efforts.
Clinical, cellular, and molecular characterisation of cardiac rhabdomyoma in tuberous sclerosis
Authors: Al Kindi Hamood N. , Ibrahim Ayman M. , Roshdy Mohamed , Abdelghany Besra S. , Yehia Dina , Masoud Ahmed Nageeb , Simry Walid , Aguib Yasmine , Yacoub Magdi H.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Rhabdomyoma is the most common cardiac tumour in children. It is usually associated with tuberous sclerosis complex caused by mutations in TSC-1 or TSC-2 genes. This tumour typically regresses by unknown mechanisms; however, it may cause inflow or outflow obstruction that necessitates urgent surgery. Here we investigate the clinical features and the genetic analysis of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex presenting with large rhabdomyoma tumours. We also investigate the potential role of autophagy and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of this tumour.

Methods:

All the patients with cardiac rhabdomyoma referred to Aswan Heart Centre from 2010 to 2018 were included in this study. Sanger sequencing was performed for coding exons and the flanking intronic regions of TSC1 and TSC2 genes. Histopathological evaluation, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were performed with P62, LC3b, caspase3, and caspase7, to evaluate autophagic and apoptotic signaling.

Results:

Five patients were included and had the clinical features of tuberous sclerosis complex. Three patients, who were having obstructive tumours, were found to have pathogenic mutations in TSC-2. The expression of two autophagic markers, P62 and LC3b, and two apoptotic markers, caspase3 and caspase7, were increased in the tumour cells compared to normal surrounding myocardial tissue.

Conclusion:

All the patients with rhabdomyoma were diagnosed to have tuberous sclerosis complex. The patients who had pathogenic mutations in the TSC-2 gene had a severe disease form necessitating urgent intervention. We also demonstrate the potential role of autophagy and apoptosis as a possible mechanism for tumourigenesis and regression. Future studies will help in designing personalised treatment for cardiac rhabdomyoma.
THOSE LEFT BEHIND
Authors: Dennis Alexis C.
Published: February 2021

While the socioeconomic status (SES)–psychological distress gradient is well-documented in the social science literature, less attention has been devoted to how this relationship varies within sociodemographic subgroups. I contribute to this small but growing literature by first examining the relationship between multiple dimensions of SES and two measures of psychological distress (depression and anxiety) among working-age African Americans. I then test whether three social mediators explain the SES–psychological distress relationship, and whether gender modifies these associations and/or the social mediators that shape them. To address these aims, I analyze two waves of population-representative data from the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study (N=685). Data were collected between 2008 and 2010 in the wake of the Great Recession. I utilize structural equation modeling with latent variables to assess these relationships, and test indirect and conditional effects to detect the presence of mediation and/or moderation, respectively. Findings revealed associations between higher total household income and lower levels of depression/anxiety, as well as unemployment and increased depression/anxiety among working-age African Americans. Furthermore, higher educational attainment was associated with reduced anxiety, but not depression, in this population. Gender moderated these findings such that unemployment was associated with higher levels of depression/anxiety among women but not men. I also found that trauma mediated the relationship between unemployment and depression/anxiety as well as educational attainment and anxiety. Gender, however, moderated the association between unemployment and depression/anxiety via traumatic events such that the relationship was stronger among women than men. Collectively, these findings contribute to our limited understanding of African Americans’ mental health and underscore the importance of how both socioeconomic forces and life course experiences with traumatic events contribute to poor mental health among this population.
Blended Learning zur Betreuung der deutschen männlichen U19 Handballnationalmannschaft bei der WM 2019
Authors: Stenzel Lukas , Röcken Melissa , Thrien Henning , Stoll Oliver
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Fallstudie beschreibt detailliert und ganzheitlich das App-basierte mentale Training (MT) der deutschen männlichen U19 Handballnationalmannschaft vor und während der Weltmeisterschaft 2019 in Mazedonien. Die Betreuung folgte einem Blended Learning Ansatz und bestand aus einem dreistündigen psychoedukativen Präsenzworkshop, einer App und einer begleitenden E-Mail-Kampagne. Die Eingangsdiagnostik, das Grundlagen- und Fertigkeitstraining sowie die Krisenintervention fanden über die auf das MT zugeschnittene App statt. Die Fallstudie enthält eine Outcome- und Prozess-Evaluation. Das Team gewann in Mazedonien die Silbermedaille. In anderen Outcome-Variablen zeigten sich keine signifikanten Veränderungen. Die Prozess-Evaluation zeigt, dass die Nutzungszeit mit der App gering war. In der Praxis arbeitende Sportpsychologinnen und Sportpsychologen sollten daher die Nutzung von Apps mit ausreichend persönlichem Kontakt mit Athletinnen und Athleten verbinden, um diese systematisch zu betreuen.
Drivers for Asynchronous Patterns of Dust Accumulation in Central and Eastern Asia and in Greenland During the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Cheng Liangqing , Song Yougui , Wu Yubin , Liu Yonggang , Liu Huifang , Chang Hong , Zong Xiulan , Kang Shugang
Published: February 2021

We collected 143 loess optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages between 10 ka and 30 ka from Central Asia (CA), and analyzed their probability density functions (PDFs). The PDFs show dust accumulation was greater during the late Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (23–19 ka) than that during the early LGM (26.5–23 ka). The temporal variability of dust accumulation of CA loess is generally similar to that of Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) loess, following precession. In contrast, dust accumulation in Greenland was stronger during the early LGM than that during the late LGM, following obliquity. Supported by numerical modeling experiments and our newly dating OSL ages, we conclude dust accumulation in CA and CLP during the LGM was controlled by Siberian High forced by precession, while dust accumulation in Greenland was closely related to both intensity of summer westerlies forced by obliquity, and to intensity of dust emissions at source forced by precession.
Big Benefits from Experimental Watersheds
Authors: Cook Terri
Published: February 2021

Scientific insights from the Agricultural Research Service’s long-term study sites underpin dozens of models and research methods that guide global land management and conservation practices.
Universal behavior of the bosonic metallic ground state in a two-dimensional superconductor
Authors: Chen Zhuoyu , Wang Bai Yang , Swartz Adrian G. , Yoon Hyeok , Hikita Yasuyuki , Raghu Srinivas , Hwang Harold Y.
Published: February 2021

Anomalous metallic behavior, marked by a saturating finite resistivity much lower than the Drude estimate, has been observed in a wide range of two-dimensional superconductors. Utilizing the electrostatically gated LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface as a versatile platform for superconductor-metal quantum phase transitions, we probe variations in the gate, magnetic field, and temperature to construct a phase diagram crossing from superconductor, anomalous metal, vortex liquid, to the Drude metal state, combining longitudinal and Hall resistivity measurements. We find that the anomalous metal phases induced by gating and magnetic field, although differing in symmetry, are connected in the phase diagram and exhibit similar magnetic field response approaching zero temperature. Namely, within a finite regime of the anomalous metal state, the longitudinal resistivity linearly depends on the field while the Hall resistivity diminishes, indicating an emergent particle-hole symmetry. The universal behavior highlights the uniqueness of the quantum bosonic metallic state, distinct from bosonic insulators and vortex liquids.
Reconstructing phase-resolved hysteresis loops from first-order reversal curves
Authors: Gilbert Dustin A. , Murray Peyton D. , De Rojas Julius , Dumas Randy K. , Davies Joseph E. , Liu Kai
Published: February 2021

The first order reversal curve (FORC) method is a magnetometry based technique used to capture nanoscale magnetic phase separation and interactions with macroscopic measurements using minor hysteresis loop analysis. This makes the FORC technique a powerful tool in the analysis of complex systems which cannot be effectively probed using localized techniques. However, recovering quantitative details about the identified phases which can be compared to traditionally measured metrics remains an enigmatic challenge. We demonstrate a technique to reconstruct phase-resolved magnetic hysteresis loops by selectively integrating the measured FORC distribution. From these minor loops, the traditional metrics—including the coercivity and saturation field, and the remanent and saturation magnetization—can be determined. In order to perform this analysis, special consideration must be paid to the accurate quantitative management of the so-called reversible features. This technique is demonstrated on three representative materials systems, high anisotropy FeCuPt thin-films, Fe nanodots, and SmCo/Fe exchange spring magnet films, and shows excellent agreement with the direct measured major loop, as well as the phase separated loops.
Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of extracellular vesicle-associated DNA in patients with metastatic cancer
Authors: Nguyen Bella , Wong Nicholas C. , Semple Tim , Clark Michael , Wong Stephen Q. , Leslie Connull , Mirzai Bob , Millward Michael , Meehan Katie , Lim Annette M.
Published: February 2021

Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (LC-WGS) can provide insight into oncogenic molecular changes. Serum extracellular vesicles (EV) represent a novel liquid biopsy source of tumoral DNA. This study compared copy number alteration (CNA) profiles generated from LC-WGS of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumoral DNA and EV-DNA obtained from cancer patients. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the base of tongue (n = 3) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (n = 2) were included. LC-WGS (0.5-1X coverage) was performed on FFPE-DNA and serum EV-DNA. Similarity between CNA profiles was analysed using QDNAseq. FFPE samples had a mean CNA of 31 (range 17–50) over 1.9 × 109 (range 1.0–2.6 × 109) bp in length, and EV samples had a mean CNA value of 17 (range 7–19) over 7.6 × 108 (range 2.9–15 × 108) bp in length. A mean of 8 (range 0–21) CNA over 5.9 × 108 (range 1.6–14 × 108) bp in length was found to overlap between EV and FFPE-derived samples per patient. Although the mean correlation efficient between samples was r = 0.34 (range − .08 to 0.99), this was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Regions of highest deletion and duplication in FFPE samples were not well reflected in the EV-DNA. Selected CNA regions in EV-associated DNA were reflective of the primary tumor, however appreciation of global CNA and areas of most significant change was lost. The utility of LC-WGS of EV-derived DNA is likely limited to molecular alterations of known interest.
Reconstruction of full-length ureter defects by laparoscopic bladder flap forming
Authors: Bai Yuchen , Wei Haibin , Ji Alin , Zhang Qi , Wang Shuai , Peng Yonghan , Gao Xiaofeng , Liu Feng , Zhang Dahong
Published: February 2021

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic bladder muscle flap reconstruction in the treatment of extensive ureteral avulsion.
Patients with full-length (re length > 20 cm) and upper ureteral (avulsion length > 10 cm) defects were eligible. All patients were treated with laparoscopic bladder muscle flap reconstruction. Peri-operative information and post-operative complications were recorded. The kidney function, urinary ultrasound or computed tomography (CT), sun-renal function tests emission computed tomography (ECT) and cystography after operation were recorded. Ten patients were included (7 with full-length and 3 with upper ureteral defects). Median age was 56 years and 70% of them were female. The average operation time and blood loss was 124 min and 92.2 ml. There was no treatment-related adverse effects including urinary leakage, renal colic, fever, etc. The median follow-up was 18.5 months (3–39 months). The surgery did not significantly alter the renal function and separation degree of the renal pelvis during long-term follow-up. Double J stents were removed in nine patients (90%) within six months after operation. Only one case was diagnosed with post-operative anastomotic stricture, and subsequently received laparoscopic ipsilateral nephrectomy one year after the reconstruction operation. All cases had normal voiding and pear-shaped cystography. Laparoscopic bladder flap repair is a safe and effective treatment approach together with several advantages for patients with full-length or upper ureteral avulsion.
A comparative study of operative and conservative treatment of intraarticular displaced calcaneal fractures
Authors: Kamath K. Ramachandra , Mallya Sharan , Hegde Atmananda
Published: February 2021

The treatment of intra-articular displaced calcaneal fracture is debatable. We conducted a prospective study to compare operative and non-operative treatment for intra-articular displaced calcaneal fractures. Patients were assigned to two groups based on the treatment given (operative and nonoperative) and were regularly followed for a period of 1 year. The outcome measures were assessed by Modified Rowe’s Score (MRS), Visual Analogue e Scale (VAS) and The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale. The outcome related to patient’s job was noted after one year and compared with pre-injury status. Fifty five patients with 61 calcaneal fractures were studied. Thirty of them were operated and 31 were treated conservatively. Out of 30 operated cases, Bohler’s angle was restored in 25 cases and these had good results with all three outcome scores at 1 year follow up and remaining 5 cases showed fair results (Mean MRS: 74.783, VAS: 3.348, AOFAS: 78.783). Thirty one cases treated with cast also showed fair results (Mean MRS: 57.368, VAS: 4.944, AOFAS: 71.211). The overall outcome of operated cases were better than non-operated cases (unpaired T test MRS: 5.807 p < 0.001, VAS: 4.387 p < 0.001, AOFAS: 2.728 p = 0.008) . Operative treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures gave good results at one year follow up, provided Bohler’s angle was restored to normal range. Non operative treatment gave fair results. Complications were seen both with operative and non-operative treatment.
Source forensics of inorganic and organic nitrogen using δ15N for tropospheric aerosols over Mt. Tai
Authors: Wu Libin , Yue Siyao , Shi Zongbo , Hu Wei , Chen Jing , Ren Hong , Deng Junjun , Ren Lujie , Fang Yunting , Yan Hong , Li Weijun , Harrison Roy M. , Fu Pingqing
Published: February 2021

Nitrogen-containing species are major components in atmospheric aerosols. However, little is known about the sources of N-containing aerosols over high mountainous regions, especially for organic nitrogen (ON). This study aims to reveal the emission sources of both inorganic and organic nitrogen in tropospheric aerosols atop Mt. Tai, China, and to improve our understanding of the N cycle imbalance in the North China Plain (NCP). Total suspended particle (TSP) samples were collected on a daytime/nighttime basis in spring 2017 and were investigated for the concentrations and stable N isotopic compositions of total nitrogen, NH4+, NO3− and ON. Our results show that the concentrations of N-containing compounds were higher in daytime than nighttime, mainly resulting from mountain–valley breezes and the changes of planetary boundary layer height. However, no significant day/nighttime changes were found for their corresponding δ15N values, indicating similar contributions from different N sources between day and night. The MixSIAR Bayesian stable isotope mixing model results suggest that the most important emission source of NH3 for aerosol NH4+ was agriculture, followed by fossil fuel-related sources, human waste and biomass burning. Aerosol NO3− was mainly formed from combustion and mobile emitted NOx. Interestingly, the isotopes of ON suggest that ON were very likely firstly of primary origin. Our study reveals the characteristics of reactive N emission sources and helps understand the regional transport of tropospheric N-containing aerosols in the NCP.
2D graphene oxide–aptamer conjugate materials for cancer diagnosis
Authors: Sekhon Simranjeet Singh , Kaur Prabhsharan , Kim Yang-Hoon , Sekhon Satpal Singh
Published: February 2021

2D graphene oxide (GO) with large surface area, multivalent structure can easily bind single-stranded DNA/RNA (aptamers) through hydrophobic/π-stacking interactions, whereas aptamers having small size, excellent chemical stability and low immunogenicity bind to their targets with high affinity and specificity. GO–aptamer conjugate materials synthesized by integrating aptamers with GO can thus provide a better alternative to antibody-based strategies for cancer diagnostic and therapy. Moreover, GO’s excellent fluorescence quenching properties can be utilized to develop efficient fluorescence-sensing platforms. In this review, recent advances in GO–aptamer conjugate materials for the detection of major cancer biomarkers have been discussed.
Rapid whole cell imaging reveals a calcium-APPL1-dynein nexus that regulates cohort trafficking of stimulated EGF receptors
Authors: York H. M. , Patil A. , Moorthi U. K. , Kaur A. , Bhowmik A. , Hyde G. J. , Gandhi H. , Fulcher A. , Gaus K. , Arumugam S.
Published: February 2021

The endosomal system provides rich signal processing capabilities for responses elicited by growth factor receptors and their ligands. At the single cell level, endosomal trafficking becomes a critical component of signal processing, as exemplified by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors. Activated EGFRs are trafficked to the phosphatase-enriched peri-nuclear region (PNR), where they are dephosphorylated and degraded. The details of the mechanisms that govern the movements of stimulated EGFRs towards the PNR, are not completely known. Here, exploiting the advantages of lattice light-sheet microscopy, we show that EGFR activation by EGF triggers a transient calcium increase causing a whole-cell level redistribution of Adaptor Protein, Phosphotyrosine Interacting with PH Domain And Leucine Zipper 1 (APPL1) from pre-existing endosomes within one minute, the rebinding of liberated APPL1 directly to EGFR, and the dynein-dependent translocation of APPL1-EGF-bearing endosomes to the PNR within ten minutes. The cell spanning, fast acting network that we reveal integrates a cascade of events dedicated to the cohort movement of activated EGF receptors. Our findings support the intriguing proposal that certain endosomal pathways have shed some of the stochastic strategies of traditional trafficking and have evolved processes that provide the temporal predictability that typify canonical signaling.
Hydrogen peroxide-responsive platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles for thrombus therapy
Authors: Zhao Yi , Xie Ruosen , Yodsanit Nisakorn , Ye Mingzhou , Wang Yuyuan , Wang Bowen , Guo Lian-Wang , Kent K. Craig , Gong Shaoqin
Published: February 2021

A schematic diagram of the PNPArg as a thrombus-targeting antithrombotic agent.
Zn(ii)-Dipicolylamine analogues with amphiphilic side chains endow low molecular weight PEI with high transfection performance
Authors: Chen Zhaoming , Wang Xindong , Liu Shuai , Li Yumeng , Zhou Hao , Guo Tianying
Published: February 2021

We fabricated a series of Zn(ii)-dipicolylamine functional modules with different hydrophilic-phobic side chains to modify low molecular weight PEI in order to investigate the effect of amphiphilic balance of them on the transfection process.
Fluorescence emission enhancement of a T-shaped benzimidazole with a mechanically-interlocked ‘suit’
Authors: Xu Houyang , Lin Meng-Di , Yuan Jun , Zhou Baiyang , Mu Yingxiao , Huo Yanping , Zhu Kelong
Published: February 2021

Enhanced fluorescence emission of a T-shaped benzimidazole axle that is mechanically interlocked in a suit[1]ane.
Formation of unexpected S–S covalent bonds in H2S dimers under confinement
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Pradeep
Published: February 2021

The present work investigates the effect of confinement on the hydrogen bonding interactions in H2S dimers.
1′-Ribose cyano substitution allows Remdesivir to effectively inhibit nucleotide addition and proofreading during SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA replication
Authors: Zhang Lu , Zhang Dong , Wang Xiaowei , Yuan Congmin , Li Yongfang , Jia Xilin , Gao Xin , Yen Hui-Ling , Cheung Peter Pak-Hang , Huang Xuhui
Published: February 2021

1′-Ribose cyano substitution is essential for Remdesivir to inhibit the nucleotide addition and proofreading in SARS-CoV-2.
A single-crystal to single-crystal transition from a 7-fold interpenetrated coordination polymer to a non-interpenetrated one by photochemical [2 + 2] polymerization and their sensing properties
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Yu , Zhao Shu-Man , Li Ran , Xu Zou-Hong , Wang Min-Yan , Jiang Yu-Fei , Chen Kai , Zhao Yue , Sun Wei-Yin
Published: February 2021

Two complexes, namely [Zn(bpeb)(sda)] (1), [Zn(poly-bpeb)0.5(sda)] (2), were synthesized by an ligand with an extensively conjugated system, bpeb = 1,4-bis[2-(3-pyridyl) vinyl]-benzene, H2sda = sulfonyldibenzoic acid and Zn2+.
Divergent response of heavy metal bioavailability in soil rhizosphere to agricultural land use change from paddy fields to various drylands
Authors: Gao Yujuan , Jia Jianli , Xi Beidou , Cui Dongyu , Tan Wenbing
Published: February 2021

The heavy metal pollution induced by agricultural land use change has attracted great attention.
Activation of inorganic peroxides with magnetic graphene for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater
Authors: Solís Rafael R. , Dinc Özge , Fang Guodong , Nadagouda Mallikarjuna N. , Dionysiou Dionysios D.
Published: February 2021

Magnetite and graphene have been combined in a heterojunction which results in efficient activation of inorganic peroxides for the removal of antibiotics from water via a non-radical pathway (electron-mediated transfer) and easily recoverable after use.
Anin vitrovascularized micro-tumor model of human colorectal cancer recapitulatesin vivoresponses to standard-of-care therapy
Authors: Hachey Stephanie J. , Movsesyan Silva , Nguyen Quy H. , Burton-Sojo Giselle , Tankazyan Ani , Wu Jie , Hoang Tuyen , Zhao Da , Wang Shuxiong , Hatch Michaela M. , Celaya Elizabeth , Gomez Samantha , Chen George T. , Davis Ryan T. , Nee Kevin , Pervolarakis Nicholas , Lawson Devon A. , Kessenbrock Kai , Lee Abraham P. , Lowengrub John , Waterman Marian L. , Hughes Christopher C. W.
Published: February 2021

VMTs recapitulatein vivodrug responses and also reconstitute the cellular diversity of tumors.
Accessing local electron-beam induced temperature changes during in situ liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Fritsch Birk , Hutzler Andreas , Wu Mingjian , Khadivianazar Saba , Vogl Lilian , Jank Michael P. M. , März Martin , Spiecker Erdmann
Published: February 2021

Electron-beam induced heating in the vicinity of a gas bubble in liquid-phase TEM is quantified in situ.
Chiral plasmonic liquid crystal gold nanoparticles: self-assembly into a circular dichroism responsive helical lamellar superstructure
Authors: Bhat Sachin A. , Rao D. S. Shankar , Prasad S. Krishna , Yelamaggad Channabasaveshwar V.
Published: February 2021

The directed self-assembly of plasmonic gold nanoparticles coated with optically active mesogenic ligands leads to the liquid crystalline, chiral lamellar structure having CD activity.
Selective photocatalytic production of CH4 using Zn-based polyoxometalate as a nonconventional CO2 reduction catalyst
Authors: Kim Nayeong , Nam Jung Seung , Jo Jinhyeong , Seong Junmo , Kim Hyunwoo , Kwon Youngkook , Lah Myoung Soo , Lee Jun Hee , Kwon Tae-Hyuk , Ryu Jungki
Published: February 2021

We report the synthesis of Zn-based polyoxometalate (ZnPOM) and its application in photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH4.
Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots from pork liver and its sensing of 6-thioguanine based on the inner filter effect
Authors: Chen Wenjing , Fan Jun , Wu Xianxue , Hu Dongbao , Wu Yunying , Feng Zhongmin , Yan Meiyun , Gao Xizhu , Xie Jianxin
Published: February 2021

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots were facilely synthesized from pork liver and the fluorescence quenching determination of 6-thioguanine in human serum based on the inner filter effect was achieved with the limit of detection as low as 0.75 μM.
A near-infrared AIE probe for super-resolution imaging and nuclear lipid droplet dynamic study
Authors: Wu Ming-Yu , Leung Jong-Kai , Kam Chuen , Chou Tsu Yu , Wang Dong , Feng Shun , Chen Sijie
Published: February 2021

A near-infrared AIE probe was developed for super-resolution imaging and nuclear lipid droplets dynamic study with good biocompatibility and high photostability.
Recyclable amphiphilic porous thin-films as electrodes for high-performance potassium-ion transport and storage
Authors: You Chuanting , Wei Weiwei , Yu Jianyong , Sun Shichang , Xiao Wei , Wang Liwei , Yuan Zhanhui , Zhang Fan
Published: February 2021

Recyclable amphiphilic porous thin-films: assembled from nanofibrillated celluloses and reduced graphene oxide via van der Waals interactions, they enable high electrochemical performance of potassium-ion transport and storage.
Preparation and capacitive properties of a free-standing phosphomolybdic acid heteropoly blue modified reduced graphite oxide composite
Authors: Fan Guang , Deng Lingjuan , Gu Yuanzi
Published: February 2021

Polyoxometalates (POMs) have shown great potential for electrochemical energy storage.
Armoring SiOx with a conformal LiF layer to boost lithium storage
Authors: Kang Tianxing , Tan Jihua , Li Xiaocui , Liang Jianli , Wang Hui , Shen Dong , Wu Yan , Huang Zhongming , Lu Yang , Tong Zhongqiu , Lee Chun-Sing
Published: February 2021

A facile method for pre-preparing a LiF-coating layer is proposed. This method considerably improves the electrochemical performance of an anode (SiOx) and a cathode (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2).
Ultrasound lighting up AIEgens for potential surgical navigation
Authors: Chen Lixiu , Xia Bin , Yan Bing , Liu Jianhua , Miao Zhaohua , Ma Yan , Wang Jinchen , Peng Hu , He Tao , Zha Zhengbao
Published: February 2021

AIEgen-grafted polymer (AIE-Gd) has been synthesized and developed into MBs for in situ lighting up the fluorescence of AIEgens in tumor and capable for enhanced US imaging, MRI and fluorescence imaging (FI) for potential surgical navigation.
An optoelectronic synaptic transistor with efficient dual modulation by light illumination
Authors: Lan Shuqiong , Zhong Jianfeng , Chen Jinwei , He Weixin , He Lihua , Yu Rengjian , Chen Gengxu , Chen Huipeng
Published: February 2021

A facile light-adjustable organic photoelectric synaptic transistor based on bulk heterojunction is developed. Typical synaptic properties are successfully simulated and modulated by light illumination, and achieves 86% recognition accuracy.
Structural insights into a new family of three-dimensional thiocyanate-bridged molecular double perovskites
Authors: Liu De-Xuan , Xie Kai-Ping , Zhang Wei-Xiong , Zeng Ming-Hua , Chen Xiao-Ming
Published: February 2021

Four new three-dimensional thiocyanate-bridged molecular double perovskites with bent Cd–S–C angles in a narrow distribution range reveal highly distorted frameworks with a relatively strong structural rigidity.
Construction of three new Co(ii)-organic frameworks based on diverse metal clusters: highly selective C2H2 and CO2 capture and magnetic properties
Authors: Sun Xian-Feng , Chen Jing-Jing , Gao Dan , Zheng Li-Na , Liu Bin , Liu Bo , Ding Tao
Published: February 2021

Three Co(ii)-MOFs have been synthesized. The desolvated frameworks of 2 and 3 exhibit good adsorption selectivity for C2H2 and CO2 over CH4 at 273 and 298 K. Moreover, 1–3 show that there exist antiferromagnetic interactions between metal ions.
Synthesis of 1,10-decanediol diacetate and 1-decanol acetate from furfural
Authors: Deng Chen-Qiang , Jiang Qin-Zhu , Deng Jin , Fu Yao
Published: February 2021

Furfural was converted into furoin by immobilized NHC catalyst, and then furoin was upgraded into 1,10-decanediol diacetate and 1-decanol acetate by Pd/C catalytic hydrodeoxygenation reaction promoted with Sc(OTf)3 in acetic acid.
Large area growth of SnS2/graphene on cellulose paper as a flexible broadband photodetector and investigating its band structure through first principles calculations
Authors: Selamneni Venkatarao , Kanungo Sayan , Sahatiya Parikshit
Published: February 2021

This work demonstrates large-area growth of SnS2 on a Gr dip-coated paper substrate and its application as an efficient broadband photodetector.
Data-driven analysis of the rotational energy landscapes of an organic cation in a substituted alloy perovskite
Authors: Sukmas Wiwittawin , Ektarawong Annop , Tsuppayakorn-aek Prutthipong , Alling Björn , Pinsook Udomsilp , Bovornratanaraks Thiti
Published: February 2021

Herein, with the aid of Euler angles, the interplay between the organic CH3NH3 (MA) cation and the inorganic BiSeI2 framework is investigated.
Flexible temperature sensors made of aligned electrospun carbon nanofiber films with outstanding sensitivity and selectivity towards temperature
Authors: Lee Jeng-Hun , Chen Haomin , Kim Eunyoung , Zhang Heng , Wu Ke , Zhang Hongming , Shen Xi , Zheng Qingbin , Yang Jinglei , Jeon Seokwoo , Kim Jang-Kyo
Published: February 2021

A flexible temperature sensor is developed using electrospun aligned carbon nanofiber films by tuning their atomic structures governed by carbonization temperature. It shows exceptional sensitivity of 1.52% °C−1and good stimuli discriminability.
Reductive stability evaluation of 6-azopurine photoswitches for the regulation of CKIα activity and circadian rhythms
Authors: Kolarski Dušan , Sugiyama Akiko , Rodat Theo , Schulte Albert , Peifer Christian , Itami Kenichiro , Hirota Tsuyoshi , Feringa Ben L. , Szymanski Wiktor
Published: February 2021

6-Azopurines were evaluated for their reductive stability, and the ability to modulate CKIα activity and cellular circadian rhythms, revealing key challenges for long-term activity modulation utilizing chronophotopharmacology.
A series of dysprosium clusters assembled by a substitution effect-driven out-to-in growth mechanism
Authors: Wang Hai-Ling , Liu Tong , Zhu Zhong-Hong , Peng Jin-Mei , Zou Hua-Hong , Liang Fu-Pei
Published: February 2021

The diacylhydrazone ligands with different substituents were reacted with Dy(NO3)3·6H2O to obtain 16 nuclear (1) and 10 nuclear (2) and pentanuclear (3) dysprosium clusters. Clusters 1–3 are gradually formed through out-to-in growth mechanism.
Visible-light-promoted cross-coupling reaction of hypervalent bis-catecholato silicon compounds with selenosulfonates or thiosulfonates
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Shun-Yi
Published: February 2021

A visible-light-promoted free radical cross coupling of hypervalent bis-catecholato silicon compounds with selenosulfonates or thiosulfonates is developed.
A simple removable aliphatic nitrile template 2-cyano-2,2-di-isobutyl acetic acid for remote meta-selective C–H functionalization
Authors: Ramesh Perla , Sreenivasulu Chinnabattigalla , Gorantla Koteswara Rao , Mallik Bhabani S. , Satyanarayana Gedu
Published: February 2021

The remote meta-selective C–H functionalization of arenes using first aliphatic nitrile template 2-cyano-2,2-di-isobutyl acetic acid under mild conditions is presented.
Palladium-catalyzed carbonylative cyclization of 2-alkynylanilines and aryl iodides to accessN-acyl indoles
Authors: Yao Lingyun , Shang Yan , Wang Jian-Shu , Pan Ailin , Ying Jun , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: February 2021

A palladium-catalyzed carbonylative synthesis ofN-acyl indoles from 2-alkynylanilines and aryl iodides has been developed.
Highly efficient CO2 electrolysis within a wide operation window using octahedral tin oxide single crystals
Authors: Liu Hai , Su Yaqiong , Kuang Siyu , Hensen Emiel J. M. , Zhang Sheng , Ma Xinbin
Published: February 2021

Uniform octahedral SnO2 single crystals have been well tuned and coupled with chlor-alkali process, which could not only use renewable electricity to reduce CO2 and store H2 into formate, and also produce a higher-value Cl2 instead of cheap O2.
DNA Polymerase and dRP-lyase activities of polymorphic variants of human Pol ι
Authors: Shilkin Evgeniy S. , Gromova Anastasia S. , Smal Margarita P. , Makarova Alena V.
Published: February 2021

Y-family DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι) is involved in DNA damage response and tolerance. Mutations and altered expression level of POLI gene are linked to a higher incidence of cancer. We biochemically characterized five active site polymorphic variants of human Pol ι: R71G (rs3218778), P118L (rs554252419), I236M (rs3218784), E251K (rs3218783) and P365R (rs200852409). We analyzed fidelity of nucleotide incorporation on undamaged DNA, efficiency and accuracy of DNA damage bypass, as well as 5′-deoxyribophosphate lyase (dRP-lyase) activity. The I236M and P118L variants were indistinguishable from the wild-type Pol ι in activity. The E251K and P365R substitutions altered the spectrum of nucleotide incorporation opposite several undamaged DNA bases. The P365R variant also reduced the dRP-lyase activity and possessed the decreased TLS activity opposite 8-oxo-G. The R71G mutation dramatically affected the catalytic activities of Pol ι. The reduced DNA polymerase activity of the R71G variant correlated with an enhanced fidelity of nucleotide incorporation on undamaged DNA, altered lesion-bypass activity and reduced dRP-lyase activity. Therefore, this amino acid substitution likely alters Pol ι functions in vivo.
Simultaneous targeting of CD44 and MMP9 catalytic and hemopexin domains as a therapeutic strategy
Authors: Yosef Gal , Hayun Hezi , Papo Niv
Published: February 2021

Crosstalk of the oncogenic matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and one of its ligands, CD44, involves cleavage of CD44 by the MMP9 catalytic domain, with the CD44–MMP9 interaction on the cell surface taking place through the MMP9 hemopexin domain (PEX). This interaction promotes cancer cell migration and invasiveness. In concert, MMP9-processed CD44 induces the expression of MMP9, which degrades ECM components and facilitates growth factor release and activation, cancer cell invasiveness, and metastasis. Since both MMP9 and CD44 contribute to cancer progression, we have developed a new strategy to fully block this neoplastic process by engineering a multi-specific inhibitor that simultaneously targets CD44 and both the catalytic and PEX domains of MMP9. Using a yeast surface display technology, we first obtained a high-affinity inhibitor for the MMP9 catalytic domain, which we termed C9, by modifying a natural non-specific MMP inhibitor, N-TIMP2. We then conjugated C9 via a flexible linker to PEX, thereby creating a multi-specific inhibitor (C9-PEX) that simultaneously targets the MMP9 catalytic and PEX domains and CD44. It is likely that, via its co-localization with CD44, C9-PEX may compete with MMP9 localization on the cell surface, thereby inhibiting MMP9 catalytic activity, reducing MMP9 cellular levels, interfering with MMP9 homodimerization, and reducing the activation of downstream MAPK/ERK pathway signaling. The developed platform could be extended to other oncogenic MMPs as well as to other important target proteins, thereby offering great promise for creating novel multi-specific therapeutics for cancer and other diseases.
Resveratrol promotes lysosomal function via ER calcium-dependent TFEB activation to ameliorate lipid accumulation
Authors: Shao Rong , Shi Jiahui , Du Kaili , Wang Na , Cai Weijie , Liu Siyu , Ding Zongxian , Wang Yihan , Li Dan
Published: February 2021

Abnormal lipid accumulation is associated to the development of metabolic diseases such as hepatic steatosis and lipid storage diseases. Pharmacological agents that can attenuate lipid accumulation therefore have therapeutic potentials for these diseases. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural active substance found in fruits and nuts, has been reported to effectively reduce the intracellular lipid accumulation, but the underlying mechanisms of RSV remain elusive. Here, we show that RSV triggers an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)- Ca2+ signaling that activates transcriptional factor EB (TFEB), a master transcriptional regulator of autophagic and lysosomal biogenesis. Moreover, RSV activates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which binds and dephosphorylates TFEB, promoting its nuclear translocation and the expression of TFEB target genes required for autophagosome and lysosomal biogenesis. Notably, genetic inhibition of TFEB significantly ameliorates RSV-mediated lipid clearance. Taken together, these data link RSV-induced ER calcium signaling, PP2A and TFEB activation to promote autophagy and lysosomal function, by which RSV may trigger a cellular self-defense mechanism that effectively mitigate lipid accumulation commonly associated with many metabolic diseases.
A role for PAK1 mediated phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser552 in the regulation of insulin secretion
Authors: Sorrenson Brie , Dissanayake Waruni C. , Hu Fengyun , Lee Kate L. , Shepherd Peter R.
Published: February 2021

The presence of adherens junctions and the associated protein β-catenin are requirements for the development of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in β-cells. Evidence indicates that modulation of β-catenin function in response to changes in glucose levels can modulate the levels of insulin secretion from β-cells but the role of β-catenin phosphorylation in this process has not been established. We find that a Ser552Ala version of β-catenin attenuates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion indicating a functional role for Ser552 phosphorylation of β-catenin in insulin secretion. This is associated with alterations F/G actin ratio but not the transcriptional activity of β-catenin. Both glucose and GLP-1 stimulated phosphorylation of the serine 552 residue on β-catenin. We investigated the possibility that an EPAC-PAK1 pathway might be involved in this phosphorylation event. We find that reduction in PAK1 levels using siRNA attenuates both glucose and GLP-1 stimulated phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser552 and the effects of these on insulin secretion in β-cell models. Furthermore, both the EPAC inhibitor ESI-09 and the PAK1 inhibitor IPA3 do the same in both β-cell models and mouse islets. Together this identifies phosphorylation of β-catenin at Ser552 as part of a cell signalling mechanism linking nutrient and hormonal regulation of β-catenin to modulation of insulin secretory capacity of β-cells and indicates this phosphorylation event is regulated downstream of EPAC and PAK1 in β-cells.
Eye Tracking Measures for Studying Language Comprehension Deficits in Aphasia: A Systematic Search and Scoping Review
Authors: Sharma Saryu , Kim Hana , Harris Havan , Haberstroh Amanda , Wright Heather Harris , Rothermich Kathrin
Published: February 2021

Aim

The aim of this scoping review is to identify the eye tracking paradigms and eye movement measures used to investigate auditory and reading comprehension deficits in persons with aphasia (PWA).

Method

MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, OTseeker, Scopus, Google Scholar, Grey Literature Database, and ProQuest Search (Dissertations & Theses) were searched for relevant studies. The Covidence software was used to manage the initial and full-text screening process for the search.

Results and Discussion

From a total of 1,803 studies, 68 studies were included for full-text screening. In addition, 418 records from gray literature were also screened. After full-text screening, 16 studies were included for this review—12 studies for auditory comprehension in PWA and four studies for reading comprehension in PWA. The review highlights the use of common eye tracking paradigms used to study language comprehension in PWA. We also discusse eye movement measures and how they help in assessing auditory and reading comprehension. Methodological challenges of using eye tracking are discussed.

Conclusion

The studies summarized in this scoping review provide evidence that the eye tracking methods are beneficial for studying auditory and reading comprehension in PWA.
Search controller‐based online efficiency optimisation strategy for induction motor drives using modified adaptive quadratic interpolation
Authors: Pal Abhisek , Das Sukanta
Published: February 2021

A search control‐based new efficiency optimisation strategy for indirect vector controlled induction motor (IM) drive is proposed in this work. The online optimisation method considered in this regard is based on modified adaptive quadratic interpolation. The proposed strategy is employed in the flux loop of the speed control technique to decide the optimum flux component of stator current necessary to meet a particular drive operating condition. The selection of the optimum flux in this way, in fact, minimises the core loss of IM drive, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the drive depending upon the motor loading condition. Like the conventional search controllers, the algorithm is simple, immune to the machine parameter variation and does not require any additional circuitry for its implementation. The algorithm offers faster convergence, thereby preserving the dynamic response of the speed control loop. Analytical studies are done in MATLAB/Simulink and the results are validated experimentally in a 2.2 kW IM drive laboratory prototype.