bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Biofilm dan Resistensi Bakteri dengan Respon Klinis Terapi Antibiotik Topikal pada Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis Benigna
Authors: Suprihati Brammediansyah
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Terapi pada otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK) adalah konservatif. Terjadinya peningkatan resistensi bakteri penyebab OMSK merupakan salah satu faktor kegagalan terapi OMSK yang disebabkan oleh kemampuan bakteri untuk membentuk biofilm. Biofilm merupakan mekanisme penting terjadinya resistensi antibiotik. Bakteri penyebab terbanyak dan mempunyai kemampuan membentuk biofilm pada OMSK adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan terbentuknya biofilm pada biakan kuman yang di isolasi dari kultur OMSK dan hubungannya dengan respon klinis terapi antibiotika topikal pada OMSK benigna. Metode : Disain penelitian kohort prospektif pada pasien OMSK. Discarj telinga tengah dikultur, dilakukan tes resistensi dan pemeriksaan biofilm. Faktor risiko kebiasaan mandi disungai atau kolam, kebiasaan mengorek telinga, dan riwayat ISPA didapatkan dari anamnesis. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil : Didapatkan 35 subyek penderita OMSK. Wanita (51,43 %), pendidikan SLTA (88,57 %), rerata usia 15â€“25 tahun (51,43 %), dan profesi pelajar (40 %). Hasil kultur bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (42,9%), pemeriksaan biofilm positif pada pseudomonas aeruginosa sebanyak (28,6%). Hasil kultur bakteri biofilm positif yang MDR sebanyak (57,1%). Hasil analisis uji Chi Square tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna dari biofilm (p=0,112), kebiasaan berenang di kolam/sungai (p=1,000), kebiasaan membersihkan telinga (p=0,171), Riwayat ISPA (p=0,171), dan faktor risiko MDR (p=1,000) terhadap respon klinis. Simpulan : Didapatkan bakteri biofilm positif dengan etiologi bakteri terbanyak Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tidak ada hubungan antara resistensi bakteri, pembentukan biofilm, kebiasaan mandi, kebiasaan mengorek telinga dan riwayat ISPA berulang dengan respon klinis pada pasien OMSK
Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Pola Defekasi Pada Siswa Kelas V dan Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar di Semarang
Authors: Liviani Ersalina
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Pola makan yang tidak tepat menjadi salah satu penyebab masalah kesehatan anak usia sekolah. Pola makan sangat berpengaruh terhadap pola defekasi. Pola makan anak zaman sekarang cenderung mengkonsumsi makanan tinggi kalori dan rendah serat. Serat dan cairan sangat berpengaruh dalam proses defekasi. Kekurangan serat dan cairan menyebabkan penurunan frekuensi buang air besar (BAB) dan konsistensi feces keras sehingga sulit dikeluarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan adanya hubungan pola makan, terutama asupan serat dan cairan terhadap pola defekasi dinilai dari frekuensi BAB dan konsistensi feces. Metode : Penelitian observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel sebanyak 70 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diwawancara pola makannya melalui food recall 2x24 jam  sebanyak 3 kali dan diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner pola BAB selama 1 minggu. Data dideskripsikan dalam bentuk tabel. Analisa analitik dilakukan dengan SPSS for Windows 17.0. Hasil : Rata-rata asupan serat responden 9,3 gr per hari. Rata-rata asupan cairan responden 1723,75 ml per hari. Rata-rata frekuensi BAB responden yaitu sebanyak 4 kali/minggu. 58,6% responden memiliki konsistensi feces normal, 28,3% keras, dan 17,1% cair. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan serat dengan frekuensi BAB (p=0,060) dan konsistensi feces (p=0,160). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan cairan dengan frekuensi BAB (p<0,001) dan konsistensi feces (p=0,001). Simpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan cairan dengan frekuensi BAB dan konsistensi feces. Semakin sedikit asupan cairan semakin jarang frekuensi BAB dan semakin keras konsistensi tinja. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan serat dengan frekuensi BAB dan konsistensi feces.
Kartelisasi Media Massa Dalam Membangun Sentimen Keagamaan Pada Pemilukada DKI Jakarta Tahun 2012
Authors: Jaenudin Nunu
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini berusaha menjelaskan seperti apa sentimen keagamaan yang dimainkan oleh media massa pada masa Pemilukada DKI Jakarta berlangsung dan bagaimana pola interkasi media massa dengan partai politik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis isi yang masuk kedalam kajian penelitian kualitaif adapun teknik analisis isi berusaha menampilkan isi berita terkait sentimen keagamaan pada Pemilukada DKI Jakarta. dengan metode pengumpulan data analisis teks berita wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka sedangkan obyek penelitain ini adalah surat kabar harian Pos Kota, surat kabar harian Rakyat Merdeka, dan tabloid Suara Islam. Melalui analisis isi difokuskan kepada isu sentimen keagamaa yang ada pada surat kabar di bulan Juli Agustus dan September perbedaan kepentingan terlihat kepada kepentingan politiknya. Surat kabar harian Pos Kota dalam pemberitaannya banyak memuat sentimen keagamaan, Pos Kota terlihat mendukung pasangan Fauzi Bowo dan Nachrowi Ramli, dilihat dari banyaknya porsi pemberitaannya, serta melakukan seranganserangan terhadap calon gubernur Jokowi dan Ahok sedangkan surat kabar harian Rakyat Merdeka pada putaran pertama mendukung pasangan Alex Nono dan pada putaran kedua lebih bersikap netral dengan berusaha menampilkan isu sentimen keagamaan agar tidak menyebar ke masyarakat, adapun tabloid Suara Islam yang merupakan tabloid islam pada putaran pertama mereka mandukung calon gubernur Hidayat Nur Wahid dengan alasan satu ideologi dengan mereka. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa media massa cetak tidak bisa lepas dari kepentingan pragmatisme politik dan juga idealisme media massa dalam konteks pemilihan umum kepala daerah (Pemilukada) DKI Jakarta ditingkat lokal. Kedepan penting dilihat kembali konsistensi konstruksi media cetak pada pemberitaan politik yang lain., sehingga dapat dilihat juga apakah konstruksi dapat dipengaruhi oleh isu yang berkembang dari sikap partai politik,. Kata Kunci: Kartelisasi, Media Massa, Analisis Isi, Sentimen Keagamaan, Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah (Pemilukada), dan DKI Jakarta
ANALISIS LAJU KOROSI BAJA ST 60 PASCA PROSES LAS GTAW DENGAN VARIASI ARUS LAS 80, 100, 120 A DAN DIRENDAM PADA LARUTAN HCL BERSUHU 40̊ CELCIUS
Authors: Yudi Gabriyel Aditya , Respati Sri Mulyo Bondan , Syafa’at Imam
Published: September 2019

Korosi merupakan suatu proses dimana proses ini menimbulkan suatu masalah karena dapat menghambat sebuah pekerjaan. Dalam hal ini korosi juga dapat menyerang besi baja ST60, baja yang dalam kehidupan sehari hari sangat mudah untuk diaplikasikan. Salah satu pengaplikasiannya adalah pembuatan pipa. Pipa digunakan sebagai sarana transportasi pengalir cairan, karena dianggap lebih murah dan effisien, slah satunya aliran HCl. Untuk mendapat panjang pipa yang diinginkan dapat digunakan proses pengelasan sebagai penyambung. Dalam tulisan ini dilakukan pengujian laju korosi serta pengaruh korosi terhadapt baja ST60 dengan variasi arus las 80, 100, 120 A dan tanpa proses pengelasan yang direndam dalam larutan HCl selama 72 jam. Hasilnya Dengan hasil selisih rata rata tanpa pengelasan 17,07 gram dan dengan las-an 120A didapat 15,48 gram.Serta laju korosi tertinggi pada proses tanpa pengelasan yaitu 13,6.102MPY, setelah itu turun 1,4% yaitu di pengelasan 80A dengan hasil 13,43.102MPY, kemudian turun kembali 4,8% menjadi 12,8.102MPY dan terakhir laju korosi terendah dengan pengelasan 120A, turun 9,3% menjadi 12,35.102MPY. Serta uji kekerasan 80A yang semula 61,3 naik menjadi 61,53 dengan menggunakan metode HRB. Hal tersebebut terjadi di semua spesimen termasuk 100A, 120A dan tanpa proses pengelasan. Dapat diketahui semakin tinggi amper semakin tinggi kekerasan karena semakin tinggi temperaturnya, dan berbanding terbalik dengan laju korosinya yang semakin rendah.Kata kunci: korosi, laju korosi, baja st60, GTAW
A new species of Monstrilla (Copepoda, Monstrilloida) from the plankton of a large coastal system of the northwestern Caribbean with a key to species
Authors: Suárez-Morales Eduardo , Castellanos-Osorio Iván A.
Published: September 2019

The genus Monstrilla Dana, 1849 is the most diverse of the copepod order Monstrilloida. Monstrilloid copepods are endoparasites of benthic polychaetes and molluscs; adult individuals are free-living, non-feeding reproductive forms that briefly become part of the zooplankton community, where they are occasionally captured by plankton nets. Monstrilloid copepods are frequently found during routine plankton samplings of coastal and estuarine habitats, but they are rarely found in large numbers. The western sector of the Caribbean Sea is known to harbor a diverse monstrilloid fauna. The analysis of zooplankton samples obtained during nine years from Chetumal Bay, a large embayment of the Mexican Caribbean coast, yielded a male monstrilloid that was found to represent a new species. It is herein described following upgraded standards and compared with its congeners. A key to males and females of the Monstrilla species known from the northwestern Caribbean is also provided.
L’émergence de la pulsion de mort chez Sabina Spielrein
Authors: Plastow Michael Gerard
Published: September 2019

Notre appréhension de la pulsion de mort telle qu’elle a été conçue par Sabina Spielrein souffre toujours d’une comparaison avec l’élaboration de Freud. Son grand intérêt, pourtant, réside dans le fait que l’idée de cette pulsion est un excédent de son analyse avec Jung. Faute de l’avoir abordée au cours de l’analyse, Spielrein en est arrivée à l’adresser par écrit, signant ainsi sa manière singulière de mettre fin – ou de détruire – à son analyse. Cela eut lieu d’abord dans des écrits personnels, ensuite dans ses écrits théoriques, principalement celui intitulé « La destruction comme cause du devenir ». Ce qui en émerge est non seulement une théorisation de la créativité, mais aussi une nouvelle théorie de la liberté.
La France et le concept d’Indo-Pacifique
Authors: Lechervy Christian
Published: September 2019

Depuis 2018, les autorités françaises emploient le concept d’« Indo-Pacifique » à la place de celui d’« Asie-Pacifique ». Cette évolution sémantique traduit un changement de politique et même de vision du monde. L’Asie est désormais placée au cœur des préoccupations françaises et un accent particulier est mis sur les océans. Les îles – y compris les collectivités territoriales françaises – acquièrent une importance nouvelle. La France s’affirme comme une puissance maritime et insulaire.
La stratégie indopacifique de l’administration Trump : une difficile émergence
Authors: Samaan Jean-Loup
Published: September 2019

L’administration Trump a initié une nouvelle stratégie pour l’Indo-Pacifique. Cette stratégie vise avant tout à endiguer l’expansion chinoise, en développant le partenariat avec l’Inde et les coopérations en Asie du Sud-Est. Mais cette posture renforce un jeu à somme nulle qui incite les partenaires de Washington à la prudence. La capacité des États-Unis à proposer une alternative à Pékin s’érode tandis que les États de cette région cherchent à affirmer leur autonomie stratégique.
Contestation de la mondialisation : vingt ans après la « bataille de Seattle »
Authors: Fougier Eddy , Dimitrova Anna
Published: September 2019

En 1999 à Seattle, la conférence ministérielle de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce a suscité d’importantes manifestations émaillées de violences. Vingt ans plus tard, il apparaît que les objectifs des manifestants n’ont pas été atteints. Le commerce international, en particulier, a connu un fort essor. Toutefois, la contestation et la colère ont pris de l’ampleur. Les populistes promouvant la démondialisation ont mieux su tirer profit du rejet de la globalisation que les altermondialistes.
Allemagne-Namibie : enjeux d’une réconciliation post-coloniale
Authors: Martens Stephan
Published: September 2019

Depuis l’indépendance de la Namibie et la réunification de l’Allemagne, les relations germano-namibiennes sont marquées par les débats sur la reconnaissance du « génocide » perpétré par les troupes coloniales dans le Sud-Ouest africain entre 1904 et 1908. Malgré une aide allemande massive au développement, ces relations dépendent en grande partie de l’acceptation par Berlin de l’héritage colonial et de la résolution de la question des réparations soulevée par les descendants des Hereros et des Namas.
Le dialogue scolaire, un genre discursif frontalier
Authors: Delarue-Breton Catherine
Published: September 2019

Trop souvent considérée comme une activité autosuffisante pour apprendre, permettant per se l’appropriation des savoirs, la verbalisation, qui recouvre des activités langagières variées, s’inscrit dans une forme dialogale qui va bien au-delà d’une simple conversation qui se trouverait avoir lieu à l’école. Situé à la frontière entre genre conversationnel et genre institué , le dialogue scolaire peut être considéré comme un genre discursif contraint par la sphère sociale dans laquelle il s’inscrit (l’école), et par les enjeux discursifs, pourtant opaques pour une partie des élèves, qui font sa raison d’être. Cette contribution propose de définir les traits caractéristiques de ce genre discursif, et d’établir une typologie des significations produites par les élèves, utile pour mieux comprendre les inégalités d’apprentissage et de réussite scolaire. La description du dialogue scolaire et des significations qui s’y produisent conduira à définir quelques nécessités du discours pédagogique.
Le scénario langagier didactique, un outil dans le processus de construction des savoirs ? Un exemple : l’enseignement et l’apprentissage de la lecture
Authors: Jaubert Martine , Rebière Maryse
Published: September 2019

Cette contribution se propose d’approfondir l’articulation entre geste professionnel langagier didactique et geste d’étude dans le cadre de l’apprentissage initial de la lecture d’un texte. Elle tente de recontextualiser dans le cadre de l’école les notions de scénario et de format (Bruner, 1983, 1983/1987), activités conjointes finalisées par un savoir et ses pratiques afférentes, guidées par l’expert et dans lesquels les rôles de l’expert et du novice sont interchangeables au cours de la mise en œuvre. Penser les gestes professionnels langagiers didactiques sous l’angle du scénario et du format met en évidence la possibilité pour l’élève de s’approprier les rôles et les outils sociaux nécessaires à la reconstruction des systèmes sémiotiques disciplinaires spécifiques ainsi que de leurs usages et de participer à la création des communautés discursives disciplinaires concernées. Il s’agit, à partir d’un corpus ancien, d’identifier l’organisation en formats puis en scénarios des gestes professionnels langagiers qui réorientent l’activité langagière des élèves, pour les faire entrer dans un champ de contenus, de pratiques et de valeurs nouveaux ou peu familiers.
Prévention des maladies cardiovasculaires en Suisse : opinions et pratiques des médecins de famille
Authors: Rufener Géraldine , Cohidon Christine , Senn Nicolas
Published: September 2019

Objectifs  : Cette étude vise à décrire les pratiques et attitudes des médecins de famille suisses en matière de prévention des risques cardiovasculaires et de les mettre en perspective avec les recommandations du programme national Eviprev, pour en produire une représentation synthétique des recommandations pour la prévention primaire et secondaire chez les patient(e)s de 18 à 70 ans). Méthodes  : L’étude a été menée sur la base d’un questionnaire en ligne envoyé à des médecins de famille faisant partie d’un réseau de recherche et tirés au sort. L’échantillonnage comprenait 200 médecins praticiens suisses. Cet article étudie à quelle fréquence les praticiens délivrent des conseils en matière de tabagisme, de consommation d’alcool, d’activité physique et de nutrition lors d’une consultation de routine ou d’une première consultation. Les résultats ont été analysés selon l’âge, le sexe, la région linguistique et le niveau de ruralité. Résultats  : Les résultats suggèrent que la majorité des médecins généralistes (97,6 %) sont concernés par la prévention des facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire. Néanmoins, les conseils sont donnés dans la majorité des cas en fonction de l’anamnèse ou selon le contexte clinique de la consultation et dans une moindre mesure de manière systématique. Le tabagisme est le thème le plus abordé systématiquement lors d’une première consultation (33,9 %), suivi de l’activité physique (25,6 %), de l’alimentation (16,1 %) et de la consommation d’alcool (18,5 %). Des différences linguistiques sont globalement peu marquées, sauf pour le thème de l’activité physique. Conclusion  : Les recommandations nationales en matière de conseil de prévention sont suivies par une majorité de médecins généralistes. Des améliorations pourraient être faites en matière de formation et de rémunération de ces activités de conseil.
Facteurs associés à la cessation de l’allaitement maternel exclusif en milieux rural et urbain au Mali
Authors: Traoré Mahamadou , Traore Issa , Thiero Oumar , Sidibé Aminata , Maiga Habiyata , A. Maiga Oumar , Coulibaly Chaka , Diarra Modibo , Sangho Hamadoun
Published: September 2019

Introduction  : La présente étude a pour objet d’identifier les facteurs associés à la cessation de l’allaitement maternel exclusif (AME) chez les mères d’enfants de 0 à 6 mois dans les milieux urbain et rural au Mali. Méthode  : Il s’agit d’une étude longitudinale prospective, réalisée à Bamako (milieu urbain) et Dialakoroba (milieu rural) d’avril à novembre 2016. Au total, 228 mères ont été enrôlées (114 par milieu) de façon volontaire dans les centres de santé. Un suivi mensuel de six mois a été réalisé au domicile. Le logiciel SPSS ® 20 a été utilisé pour la saisie et l’analyse des données. L’événement attendu était de donner à l’enfant un autre aliment que le lait maternel. Les tests statistiques du Chi 2 , du log-rank et le hazard ratio (HR) ont été utilisés avec un seuil de signification p  ≤ 0,05. Résultats  : Environ 68,5 % des mères du milieu urbain et 71,5 % de celles du milieu rural avaient cessé l’AME avant six mois. Les facteurs associés à cette cessation de l’AME étaient : l’utilisation du biberon (HR = 2,61 ; IC 95 % : [1,46-4,48]), les soins de l’enfant comme occupation principale pendant moins de trois mois (HR = 3,18 ; IC 95 % : [1,95-5,20]), le soutien à la mère pendant moins de trois mois (HR = 3,79 ; IC 95 % : [2,31-6,22]), le conseil sur l’AME (HR = 0,64 ; IC 95 % : [0,46-0,98]) et l’expérience d’allaitement (HR = 0,34 ; IC 95 % : [0,15-0,84]). Conclusion  : La prise en compte des facteurs identifiés permettra d’améliorer la pratique de l’AME à six mois dans les sites de l’étude.
Substrate Temperature Effect on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Nezzari Hassene , Saidi Riad , Taabouche Adel , Messaoudi Meriem , Aida Mohamed Salah
Published: September 2019

In this work, ZnO thin films grown on heated glass substrates in a temperature range of 300 to 500 °C with a 50°C step. The prepared solution is composed of methanol and zinc acetate Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O. ZnO thin films are deposited by pyrolysis spray technique, our work focuses on the study of the substrate temperature influence on the structural and optical properties of these layers. Therefore, The X-ray diffraction, showed a Wurtzit hexagonal structure of elaborated films, with (002) as a preferred orientation, and a grain size of 64 to 74 nm. The optical transmission spectroscopy UV-Visible, illustrated an increase of optical band gap from 3.19 to 3.25 eV, proportionally with the substrate temperature.
Strengthening of Damaged Metallic Structures: A New Numerical Model for Interfacial Stresses Analysis
Authors: Hebbaz Mohammed Amin , Kerboua Bachir , Tarfaoui Mostapha , Belabed Youssouf , Bensaid Ismail
Published: September 2019

Bonded fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) have been found to be an efficient method for improving the lifespan of fatigued metallic structures and have attracted much research attention. Steel beams can be reinforced in flexure using FRP plates that rely on adhesively bond. In such plated structures, shear forces are developed in the bonded joint and these will be transferred to FRP plate via the adhesion technique, thus, the interfacial stresses will progress consequently, and the debonding may occurs at the plate ends due to high values of interfacial stresses. This original research leads us to predict the interfacial stresses by a numerical study, using a finite element model under ANSYS software and coupling effects of mechanical and thermal loads with fibre orientation. Finally, a parametric analysis is used to identify effects of various geometrical and material properties on the magnitude of stresses values. This analysis is helpful because of the adaptation in the modelling process. It is shown that the bearing capacity of the adhesive joint is significantly influenced not only by the strength model, but also, by the shear modulus, elastic modulus of FRP and the other parameters..
Adhesion and Corrosion of Ti, TiN and TiCrN Films Deposits on AISI 316L in SBF Solution
Authors: Amari Djamel , Khireddine Hafit , Khelfaoui Youcef , Saoula Nadia
Published: September 2019

Abstract. In the present work several films of Ti, TiN, and TiCrN have been coated on AISI 316L stainless steel substrates using magnetron sputtering techniques, in order to improve their surface properties. The morphology and structure of the coatings were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performances skills in an SBF solution and the adhesion of these deposits were studied to understand these behaviors. From the results it was shown the TiCrN deposition presents the lowest corrosion resistance in the SBF solution, while TiN deposit is the most resistant to corrosion resistance in the same solutions, but its critical load (Lc3-TiN), is relatively low and has a risk of delamination which can limit its use. On the other hand, the Ti deposit exhibits a high resistance to corrosion and a high passivation (icorr (Ti) = 0.57 µA.cm-2 and Rp (Ti) = 67.98 KW.cm2). The critical load (Lc3-Ti = 43.38 N), the crack propagation resistance (CPRs-Ti = 81.64 N) and the scratch hardness (HSL-Ti = 125.75´1012 Pa) also testify to its high adhesion to the AISI 316L substrate. Thus the Ti deposit has proved to be the most favorable protective coating for AISI 316L stainless steel in SBF solution.
Effect of Immersion Time on the Structural and Optical Properties of TiN Oxide Thin Films Obtained by Sol Gel Dip Coating Method
Authors: Khechba Mourad , Hanini Faouzi , Farh Hichem , Bouabellou Abderrahmane , Gattal Somia
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the influence of immersion time on the structural and optical properties of SnO2 thin films was investigated. A series of samples was deposited by Sol-Gel dip coating method onto glass substrates. The number of layers was fixed at 03, but the immersion time was varied between 01 to 10 minutes. The samples [(3 layers) - SnO2 / glass] were submitted to thermal treatments in air at 500°C during 2h. The specimens are characterized by Raman spectroscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy show that the thin films of SnO2 obtained at 06 and 10 minutes of immersion time, are crystallizes in rutile phase. The obtained results of optical analysis showed that the SnO2 thin films are transparent (77-85%) in the visible region and the values of the optical band gap varied from 3.81eV and 3.86 eV.
Effect of Deposition Time on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Khediri Farid , Hafdallah Abdelkader , Bouhelal Mouna
Published: September 2019

In this work Zinc oxide thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. A set of ZnO thin films were deposited with various deposition times, on glass substrate at 350 °C. The precursor solution is formed with zinc acetate in distilled methanol with 0.1 molarity. The deposition time was ranged from 2 to 8 min. The structural and optical properties of those films were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible spectrometer (UV). X-ray diffraction patterns of the ZnO thin films showed polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure and the preferred orientation was along (002) plane when the grain size varied between 9.66 and 16.67nm. ZnO thin films were highly transparent in the visible with the maximum transmittance of 85% and the optical band gap was found between 3.25 and 3.28 eV.
ZnO Nanorods Prepared by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis: Effect of Deposition Time on the Structural Morphological and Optical Properties
Authors: Ynineb Fayssal , Guitoume Djamal Eddine , Mendil Djelloul , Attaf Nadhir , Aida Mohamed Salah , Farh Hichem
Published: September 2019

Zinc oxide Nanorods (ZnO-NRs) were deposited onto glass substrates using zinc chloride by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP) method. The films were prepared in different deposition time at optimum deposition parameters. The effect of deposition time on the structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO-NRs was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectrometry (UV-Vis). XRD and SEM measurements indicated that all films show a hexagonal wurtzite Nano rods (NRs) structure growing preferentially along c-axis perpendicular to the surface of the substrate. Optical transmission spectra showed high transmittance of 80-85% in the visible range for all thin films, and increase of optical band gap from 3.24 to 3.265 eV with deposition time. The high quality c-axis orientated ZnO thin films with minimum strain and tuneable optical properties could be used as a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) for optoelectronic applications.
Investigation of the Hammer Forging Process of Large-Sized Turbine Blades of Stainless Steel
Authors: Smirnov Maksim Olegovich , Chizhik Tatiana Alexandrovna , Zolotov Alexandr Maksimovich
Published: September 2019

Investigations of the rheological properties and the formation of the structure of stainless steel were performed. A computer model of the process of hammer forging of the turbine blades made of stainless steel 1.3 m long in the package Deform-3D was developed , with the help of which the necessary coefficients and parameters are determined to ensure maximum convergence of the calculated and experimental process data. The obtained data were used to create a mathematical model for stamping a large-sized turbine blade made of stainless steel with a length of 2.1 m. Mathematical modeling of the processes of stamping and distorting of a large-sized blade in the software package Deform-3D has been performed. The influence of process parameters on the stress-strain state (SSS), forming, temperature field in the forging at various stages of stamping. Determined temperature and deformation modes of stamping, the need for additional heating and optimal forgings geometry by stamping.
Filtration Permeability of Dendritic Structure in Condition of Diffusion-Capillary Coalescence of Secondary Side Branches
Authors: Kim Artem Eduardovich , Dobosh Ludmila Jurievna , Golod Valeri Mikhailovich
Published: September 2019

The problem state of computer analysis of shrinkage defects in castings is analysed based on a review of theoretical and experimental studies the filtration permeability of solidifying alloys. It is shown that the use of the dimensionless permeability coefficient and its modification by introducing various corrections to the Karman-Kozeni equation, obtained for the stationary morphology of non-intersecting filtration channels, is inapplicable for the conditions of continuous change of their geometry during formation of dendrite structure. A computer model of the permeability for the mesoscale ensemble of secondary dendritic branches under the conditions of their diffusion-capillary coalescence is developed. Based on the thermodynamic apparatus and solidification modeling the influence of composition of Al-Cu-Mg alloys and heat removal velocity on the permeability coefficient under the evolution of the dendritic structure is analysed.
Research of Regularities of Aerosol Synthesis of Iron Oxide Particles
Authors: Chapalda E.N. , Aleksandrov Sergey E. , Kucal Ewelina
Published: September 2019

The influence of the concentration of the initial solution on the size and composition of the particles obtained by the method of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) was investigated. An aqueous solution of Fe (NО3)3·9Н2О, the concentration of which varied in the range of 0,0025–0,03 mol/l, was used as the starting material. As a result of the process, iron oxide particles were obtained, the average size of which varied from 123 to 292 nm. Based on FTIR and XRD, powders consist of several phases and have crystalline inclusions α-Fe2O3, β-Fe2O3, and γ-Fe2O3.
Wood - Polymer Composites Assessment Using Microtomography
Authors: Musin Ildar N. , Fayzullin Ilnur Z. , Volfson Svetoslav Isaakovich , Yuferev Roman
Published: September 2019

There are given the results of the evaluation of the starting polymers properties and the properties of the resulting WPC. The industrial objects of WPC based on various polymers were chosen as the objects of the study. In order to analyze the structure of the WPC there was used a computer microtomography, one of the recent non-destructive methods for studying the bulk structure of composites using X-ray radiation. To assess the overall durability and behavior of the end products under actual operating conditions, tests were carried out in special artificial weather equipment (weatherometer).
Feasibility Study of Hybrid Laser Arc Welding Application in Shipbuilding
Authors: Gogolukhina Maria , Mamedova Leyla , Scholtz Olga , Firsova Anna
Published: September 2019

Analysis of modern tendencies in digitalization of economics prove the increasing interest of industrial enterprises towards new digital manufacturing technologies. Industrial laser technologies are developing really fast in various branches of industry. Perspectives of hybrid laser welding industrial application particularly in shipbuilding are rather interesting. Introduction of hybrid laser arc welding in shipbuilding increases strongly economic efficiency of the production process. Each project needs preliminary assessment. Feasibility study of replacing the automatic welding equipment by modern hybrid laser arc welding technology at a shipbuilding yard shows its relevance and importance.
Investigation of Functional Graded Steel Parts Produced by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Sufiiarov Vadim , Borisov Evgenii , Polozov Igor A.
Published: September 2019

The article presents the results of a study on the additive manufacturing of functional graded steel parts. Studies have been carried out on the possibility of growing blanks from two steels simultaneously – tool steel H13 and stainless steel 316L. The study of the microstructure of the transition from one steel to another showed that the transition layer is smooth and is about 200 microns thick. The mechanical properties in the transition layer are distributed over the gradient and smoothly change from one material to another. The structure and properties of the transition layer after heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing are shown.
Cast Austenitic Steels for Cryogenic Technology
Authors: Ermakov Boris , Vologzhanina S.A. , Bobrovskij Sergej M. , Lukyanov Aleksey A. , Lee Ranita
Published: September 2019

This article presents the results of a study of martensitic steels. Studied steels: OZH9K14N6MZD, 12X18N10TL, 07X13G28ANFL. The object of the study was the optimization of properties for use in cryogenic technology. The purpose of the study is to increase the strength and service life of products for various purposes. The destruction of steel 12X18N10TL and 07X13G28ANFL was investigated. It has been established that 07X13G28ANFL steel is more preferable for cryogenic use and is recommended by the authors.
Electrochromic Properties of NiO Thin Coatings
Authors: Kondrateva Anastasia S. , Bespalova Polina , Baryshev Gennady Konstantinovich , Mishin Maxim
Published: September 2019

In this work, we report the role of structure on electrochromic behavior of nickel oxide thin coatings deposited via chemical vapor deposition on ITO-coated glass in (EtCp)2Ni–O2–Ar and (EtCp)2Ni–O3–O2–Ar reaction systems. The structure and chemical composition were analyzed and then correlated with electrochemical response and transmittance modulation when immersed in 1 M KOH electrolyte. The NiO exhibits an anodic coloration, reaching an optical density modulation of 0.66 between colored and bleached state at 550 nm, with a color efficiency of 30.7 cm2C-1. Very fast switching between states was obtained, the coloration and bleaching time did not exceed 0.05 sec.
The Impact of Teaching Vocabulary through “Kik” Application on Improving Intermediate EFL Learner’s Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Rajayi Saeedeh , Poorahmadi Mahpareh , Poorahmadi Mahpare
Published: September 2019

A considerable body of research has been conducted on effective vocabulary instruction to improve vocabularylearning. However, no research has been done to empirically document the link between teaching vocabulary through“Kik’ application and vocabulary learning. Thus, this study was conducted to fill this gap in research related to thisphenomenon. To this effect, 61 intermediate EFL learners from Joyandegan language institute were selected throughconvenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups; experimental and control group. In this pretest, posttestexperimental study, only the experimental group received training through “Kik” application. The comparison of thescores of Teacher Made Vocabulary Test showed that the scores of experimental group were higher than those of thecontrol group. The comparison of the scores of Teacher Made Vocabulary Test showed that the scores ofexperimental group were higher than those of the control group. This provided a statistically significant relationshipbetween the independent variable, teaching vocabulary through “Kik” application, and vocabulary learning which isthe dependent variable. The results of this study point to a probability that on using of “Kik” for teaching vocabularyand the results of this study showed that using “Kik” for teaching can have a significant impact on EFL learners’vocabulary learning.
Ecossistemas de Software e Jogos Digitais: Um Modelo de Negócio para os Estúdios Independentes Brasileiros
Authors: Lopes Xavier Bruno , Pereira dos Santos Rodrigo
Published: September 2019

Reunir atores e artefatos em uma plataforma tecnológica comum tem sido a estratégia utilizada pelas grandes empresas de software, formando ecossistemas de software (ECOS). Tal abordagem também engloba a área de jogos digitais. Focando no cenário brasileiro, este trabalho objetiva formular um modelo de negócio para os estúdios independentes de jogos digitais, utilizando os conceitos de ECOS. Para tal, é necessário explorar o cenário brasileiro, definindo suas características e, posteriormente, criar um modelo de negócio especializado. Para apoiar o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, é utilizada a abordagem Design Science Research (DSR).
New Trends of Teaching Methodology in Embroidery Classes to Children with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Assem Abizhanova , Berikzhan Almukhambetov , Raushan Kanapyanova , Ainur Mukhanova , Kamila Zhapalova , Taniya Kapessova
Published: September 2019

One of the priority tasks of school education is the formation of personality and its basic culture, including aesthetic one. However, the influence of art on the education of a person depends to a certain extent on his aesthetic development. It brings pleasure and enjoyment only to a person who has the appropriate training and is sufficiently aesthetically educated.
The task of the correctional school is to provide students with the necessary aesthetic training, to introduce them into the big world of art, to make it an effective means of learning about the surrounding reality, development of thinking and moral perfection.
All of the above determines the relevance of the problem of aesthetic education of children with mental retardation in circle embroidery.
Purpose of the study is theoretically substantiated and experimentally test the system of correctional and pedagogical work on the aesthetic education of younger school children with intellectual disabilities in circle embroidery classes.
Prosthetic-joint Infections: Mortality Over The Last 10 Years
Authors: Fischbacher Arnaud , Borens Olivier
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Background: There is a constant increase of joint arthroplasties to improve the quality of life of an ever-aging population. Although prosthetic-joint infections are rare, with an incidence of 1-2%, they represent a serious complication in terms of morbidity and mortality. Infection related mortality is known to be approaching 8% at one year. The aim of this retrospective study is to reassess the one and two-year mortality over the last ten years.Methods: Patients treated for prosthetic joint infection at the University Hospital of Lausanne (Switzerland) between 2006 and 2016 were included. The one and two-year cumulative mortality depending on sex, age, type of prosthesis, infecting organism and type of surgical treatment were computed.Results: 363 patients (60% hips, 40% knees) were identified with a median age of 70 years. The one-year cumulative mortality was 5.5% and it was 7.3% after two years. No difference was seen between hip and knee prostheses, but the mortality was higher in men than in women and increased with age. Furthermore, there was a significant difference depending of the germ with enterococci infections associated with a higher risk of death. Finally, patients treated with a one-stage or two-stage exchange had a lower mortality than those treated with debridement and retention.Conclusion: The mortality is still high and differs according to sex, age, infecting organism and type of surgical treatment. There is a need of studies to improve the management of patients at risk of increased mortality.
APCs – How much should they cost?
Authors: Markie Michael
Published: September 2019

Gold Open Access can be facilitated by an Article Processing Charge (APC), which refers to the author-facing charge levied for publishing an article openly in a specific journal. These charges vary significantly across journals and recently there has been a demand for publishers to be more transparent about how their APCs are calculated. Plan S has clearly set the need for transparency in its principles and implementations stating “When Open Access publication fees are applied, they must be commensurate with the publication services delivered and the structure of such fees must be transparent to inform the market and funders potential standardisation and capping of payments of fees”. This presentation will provide a landscape analysis of publishers, new initiatives (such as the new work just commissioned by the Wellcome and UKRI on behalf of cOAlition S on providing a framework to enable more transparent communication of OA publishing services and prices; http://www.informationpower.co.uk/news/press-release-transparent-comms-of-oa-services-and-prices/) and the current transparency around APCs and explore the range of direct and indirect costs of what constitutes an APC.
Characterizing gene tree conflict in plastome-inferred phylogenies
Authors: Walker Joseph F. , Walker-Hale Nathanael , Vargas Oscar M. , Larson Drew A. , Stull Gregory W.
Published: September 2019

Evolutionary relationships among plants have been inferred primarily using chloroplast data. To date, no study has comprehensively examined the plastome for gene tree conflict. Using a broad sampling of angiosperm plastomes, we characterize gene tree conflict among plastid genes at various time scales and explore correlates to conflict (e.g., evolutionary rate, gene length, molecule type). We uncover notable gene tree conflict against a backdrop of largely uninformative genes. We find alignment length and tree length are strong predictors of concordance, and that nucleotides outperform amino acids. Of the most commonly used markers, matK, greatly outperforms rbcL; however, the rarely used gene rpoC2 is the top-performing gene in every analysis. We find that rpoC2 reconstructs angiosperm phylogeny as well as the entire concatenated set of protein-coding chloroplast genes. Our results suggest that longer genes are superior for phylogeny reconstruction. The alleviation of some conflict through the use of nucleotides suggests that stochastic and systematic error is likely the root of most of the observed conflict, but further research on biological conflict within plastome is warranted given documented cases of heteroplasmic recombination. We suggest that researchers should filter genes for topological concordance when performing downstream comparative analyses on phylogenetic data, even when using chloroplast genomes.
Prevalence of Drug and Alcohol Use among Undergraduate Medical Students in a Nigerian Private University
Authors: Oyeniran O. I. , Chia T. , Ajagbe A. O.
Published: September 2019

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of drug and alcohol use among medical students in a private University based in Abuja, Nigeria.

Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey.

Place and Duration of Study: College of Health Sciences (CHS), Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, between June 2018 and September 2018.

Methodology: Using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire, information was obtained from 49  second year medical students (11 males, 38 females; age range 17-25 years), who were surveyed for the prevalence and reason of drug and alcohol use. Data retrieved was sorted, collated and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 23.0 statistical package.

Results: The mean age of students was 18.9 years and a higher proportion of respondents were female students (n=38; 77.6%). Out of the 49 students examined in this study, only 2 students currently use drugs while 8 students consume alcohol, given a prevalence of 4% and 16.3% respectively. Reasons given by one male alcohol user include: to build self-confidence (12.5%), while one female drug user uses it to escape from worries or troubles (50%). The prevalence of alcohol use was highest among male students (n=5; 62.5%), while that of drug use was highest among female students (n=2; 100%). Results also showed that the majorities of students were occasional users; and so there was no evidence of physical dependence.

Conclusion: Findings established low prevalence of drug and alcohol use among study groups. However evaluation of full-scale university-level intervention is highly necessary.
Trace Elements, Antioxidants, Uric Acid, C-Reactive Proteins and Estrogen Levels of Preeclamptic Pregnant Women in Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Nwadike C. N. , Eze A. A. , Nosiri C. I. , Ezekwe A. S. , Anyagwa M. T. , Aloy-Amadi O. C. , Onyeabo C.
Published: September 2019

Aims: The present study investigated levels of trace elements, antioxidants, uric acid, C-reactive proteins and estrogen in preeclamptic pregnant women in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria using patients from Federal Medical Centre (FMC) and specialists Hospital in Owerri, Nigeria.

Study Design: A total of 350 pregnant women between the ages of 20-40 years from two known hospitals in Owerri were examined for the study. The examined pregnant women were group into 160 normotensive pregnant women as control and 190 preeclamptic pregnant women.

Results and Discussion: Results obtained for serum trace elements revealed significant decrease (p<0.05) in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women. Antioxidant vitamins C and E; and estrogen significantly decreased (p<0.05) in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women. Uric acid and C-reactive protein levels increased in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women. The decrease in trace elements could be linked to development of preeclampsia since some of these trace elements perform antioxidant function. Increased antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation could be behind the reduced levels of vitamins C and E, and estrogen in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women.

Conclusion: This study has revealed the trace elements, antioxidants, uric acid, C-reactive proteins, and estrogen levels of preeclamptic pregnant women in Owerri, Nigeria.
What Does the Patient Global Health Assessment in Rheumatoid Arthritis Really Tell Us? Contribution of Specific Dimensions of Health‐Related Quality of Life
Authors: Craig Ethan T. , Perin Jamie , Zeger Scott , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Bykerk Vivian P. , Bingham Clifton O. , Bartlett Susan J.
Published: September 2019

Objective

To estimate the contributions of health‐related quality of life domains to the patient global assessment of disease activity (PtGA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Data are drawn from baseline visits of 2 observational RA cohorts. Participants completed forms for patient‐reported outcome measures, including PtGA and measures from the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, and clinical data were collected. Factor analysis was used to identify latent variables, and multivariable linear regression was used to estimate determinants of the PtGA.

Results

Patients were mostly female (81%), white (78%), and had established disease (mean ± SD 12.3 ± 10.7 years), with 62% in remission or having low disease activity. In cohort 1 (n = 196), the following 2 factors emerged: 1) daily function (moderate‐to‐strong [i.e., >|0.65|] loadings of physical function, pain interference, social participation, and fatigue, and weak [>0.35] loadings of sleep disturbance); and 2) emotional distress (strong loadings of depression and anxiety). In crude analysis, daily function explained up to 53% and emotional distress up to 20% of the variance in PtGA. In both cohorts, in adjusted analyses, daily function and, to a much lesser extent, swollen joint count independently predicted PtGA; age was inversely related to PtGA in cohort 1 only.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that in patients with RA, PtGA ratings largely reflect the extent to which patients feel they can function in everyday roles and are not impacted by mood. This suggests that higher than expected PtGA scores may offer an opportunity to discuss patient expectations regarding roles and activities and the impact of their RA symptoms on daily function.
Management of Hallux Valgus in General Practice in Australia
Authors: Menz Hylton B. , Harrison Christopher , Britt Helena , Whittaker Glen A. , Landorf Karl B. , Munteanu Shannon E.
Published: September 2019

Objective

To describe the management of hallux valgus by general practitioners (GPs) in Australia.

Methods

We analyzed data from the Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health program from April 2000 to March 2016. Patient and GP encounter characteristics were extracted. Hallux valgus encounters were identified using the International Classification of Primary Care, Version 2 Plus terms hallux valgus and bunion. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals around point estimates.

Results

The data set included 1,568,100 patient‐encounter records among which hallux valgus was managed 658 times (4.2 management occasions per 10,000 encounters). This management rate extrapolates to an estimated 60,000 GP–patient encounters across Australia in the most recent year data were available (from 2015 to 2016). The management rate was 3 times higher in female compared to male patients and was most frequent among patients ages 45–64 years. Hallux valgus was most frequently managed by referral to orthopedic surgeons (28 per 100 management occasions), counseling or advice (25 per 100), and referral to podiatrists (16 per 100). Pharmacologic management was also frequently used (20 per 100) and primarily involved prescription of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (7 per 100).

Conclusion

Hallux valgus is a commonly encountered problem in Australian general practice and is mostly managed by provision of advice and referral to orthopedic surgeons and podiatrists. Further research is required to examine the factors that influence the selection of surgical and nonsurgical treatment pathways by GPs and their comparative effectiveness.