bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topography of Cholinergic Nerve Terminal Vulnerability and Balance Self-Efficacy in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Barr Jaimie , Vangel Robert , Kanel Prabesh , Roytman Stiven , Pongmala Chatkaew , Albin Roger L. , Scott Peter J. H. , Bohnen Nicolaas I.
Published: September 2024

Background: Postural instability and gait disturbances (PIGD) represent a significant cause of disability in Parkinson's disease (PD). Cholinergic system dysfunction has been implicated in falls in PD. The occurrence of falls typically results in fear of falling (FoF) that in turn may lead to poorer balance self-efficacy. Balance self-efficacy refers to one's level of confidence in their ability to balance while completing activities of daily living like getting dressed, bathing, and walking. Lower self-efficacy, or greater FoF during these activities is a function of motor, cognitive, and emotional impairments and may impact quality of life in PD. Unlike known cholinergic reduction, especially in the right lateral geniculate and caudate nuclei, little is known about the role of cholinergic transporters in FoF or mobility self-efficacy in PD. Methods: [18F]fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV) positron emission tomography (PET) studies were conducted to assess vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) expression in 126 patients with PD (male (m) = 95, female (f) = 31). Participants had a mean age of 67.3 years (standard deviation (SD) = 7.1) and median Hoehn Yahr stage of 2.5. Patients also completed the Short Falls Efficacy Scale (sFES-I) as a survey measure of concerns about falling. [18F]FEOBV data were processed in Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) using a voxel-wise regression model with sFES-I scores as the outcome measure. Results: Reduced [18F]FEOBV binding in tectum, metathalamic (lateral more than medial geniculate nuclei), thalamus proper, bilateral mesiotemporal (hippocampal, parahippocampal, fusiform gyri and fimbriae), and right cerebellar lobule VI significantly associated with higher sFES-I scores (p < 0.05, family-wise error (FWE) correction after Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement (TFCE)). Conclusions: Unlike the more limited involvement of the brainstem-thalamic complex and caudate nuclei cholinergic topography associated with falls in PD, cholinergic reductions in the extended connectivity between the thalamic complex and the temporal limbic system via the fimbriae associates with FoF. Additional cholinergic changes were seen in the cerebellum. The temporal limbic system plays a role not only in episodic memory but also in spatial navigation, scene and contextual (e.g., emotional) processing. Findings may augur novel therapeutic approaches to treat poor mobility self-efficacy in PD. Clinical Trial Registration: No: NCT02458430. Registered 18 March, 2015, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02458430; No: NCT05459753. Registered 01 July, 2022, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05459753.
Slovak National Uprising and the USSR (On the 80th Anniversary)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Serapionova Elena
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the largest event in Slovak history during the Second World War – the Slovak National Uprising (SNU) and is based on the materials from the Russian Foreign Policy Archive, published documents, memoires and scientific research. The author reconstructs the events on the eve and in the beginning of the uprising, and dwells in detail on the assistance of the USSR to the Slovak partisan movement. The work examines the positions of the Czechoslovak emigrant government, some Slovak organizations and political figures in the West, as well as that of the leadership of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in Moscow regarding the uprising. The scale of the unfolding national liberation movement in the country is shown. The work analyzes the reasons for the failure to implement the initial plan of the rebels, talks about the leaders’ role in the uprising, their political, economic and social program. It also examines their ideas about principles of the new state and legal structure of post-war Czechoslovakia and Czech-Slovak relations. The article characterizes the actions of the Slovak Minister of War F. Chatlos, individual commanders of the Slovak army, and indicates the attitude of the Soviet leadership towards them. Particular attention is paid to the dedication of the soldiers of the Red Army and the 1st Czechoslovak Army Corps who took part in the East Carpathian operation, to the uniqueness of large-scale combat operations in difficult mountainous conditions. The work presents the real extent of assistance to the rebels from the USSR and Western allies – Great Britain and the USA. The author shows the unfoundedness of the opinions of some Slovak historians who are trying to blame the USSR for the defeat of the uprising.
Linking psychotic-like experiences and brain white matter microstructure in young women
Authors: Kjelkenes Rikka , Fernandez Sara , Voldsbekk Irene , Bukhari Madelene Christin Holm , Dahl Andreas , Lofthus Ingvild Sandø , Rise Henning Stople , Tamnes Christian K. , Maximov Ivan , Westlye Lars T.
Published: September 2024

Background: Psychotic-like experiences (PLE) represent a risk factor for later psychotic disorders and a marker for general mental distress. The connectivity and microstructure of key brain white matter pathways, including fronto-temporal trajectories, have been implicated in psychosis and psychosis-risk. Although sex differences in PLE prevalence and characteristics have been reported, most neuroimaging studies of PLE have primarily included mixed-sex samples and little research has been carried out in females only. This study examines the associations between PLE and white matter characteristics in young to middle-aged females.Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and self-reported data from 661 females aged 9-44 years using the 15-item version of The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) questionnaire. Associations between CAPE subscales and other psychopathology measures were tested. Using Linked independent component analysis (LICA), we decomposed the voxel-wise data from 24 dMRI metrics across five different diffusion models into 10 spatially independent components. We then examined the association between the LICA subject weights and age. Next, we tested for associations between the LICA subject weights and both CAPE total and subscales scores. Results: PLE were broadly associated with various domains of psychopathology and psychosocial factors. Moderate evidence emerged for an association between PLE and a LICA component reflecting a broad and complex pattern of diffusivity in major pathways including the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, and forceps minor. The persecutory ideations subscale showed the strongest effect. Conclusion: PLE in young females are associated with a distinct multimodal white matter pattern reflecting microstructural characteristics in key commissural, association, and thalamocortical pathways in young females. The findings support that LICA is a valuable tool for fusing and decomposing advanced dMRI metrics to delineate white matter patterns that show sensitivity to PLE and mental distress.
Mortality and hospital admissions in people with eating disorders. A longitudinal cohort study in secondary-care linked English primary care records.
Authors: Jeffery Annie , Hayes Joseph , Launders Naomi , Lewis Glyn , Osborn David , Bould Helen , Warne Naomi , Solmi Francesca
Published: September 2024

Background. Research on mortality and admissions for physical health problems across eating disorder diagnoses in representative settings is scarce but necessary to understand clinical needs of this population. Inequalities in these health outcomes across a range of socio-demographic characteristics have rarely been investigated.Aims. We investigated whether people with eating disorders had greater all-cause mortality and physical health-related admissions compared to people without eating disorders and whether associations varied by sex, ethnicity, deprivation, age, and calendar year at diagnosis.Methods. Using primary care Clinical Research Practice Datalink linked to Hospital Episode Statistics, we matched people with an incident eating disorder diagnosis (any, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, EDNOS, generic eating disorders, or a referral code) to four people without eating disorders. We used univariable and multivariable Cox (mortality) and Poisson (admissions) models and fitted interactions to investigate whether associations varied by socio-demographic characteristics. Results. We included 58,735 people (90.1% female, 91.6% white). People with eating disorders had higher all-cause mortality (Hazard Ratio[HR]: 2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.73 – 2.67). Anorexia nervosa had the highest mortality (HR: 3.49, 95%CI: 2.43 – 5.01). People with any eating disorders had higher rates of planned (Incidence Rate Ratio[IRR]: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.40 – 1.47), emergency (IRR: 1.67. 95%CI: 1.62 – 1.72) and emergency admissions for injuries, accidents and substance misuse (IRR: 2.18, 95%CI: 2.06 – 2.31). Mortality rate ratios were greater in males, and admission rate ratios in males, older people, and people living in affluent areas of England. Conclusions. People with eating disorders have high rates of mortality and admissions. We observed inequalities in outcomes across specific socio-demographic groups, calling for an understanding of why such inequalities exist. These findings highlight the need for prompt and effective treatment for eating disorders and for improved guidance on primary care management of people with eating disorders.
Through the Lens of Schizophrenia: Recognizing Negative Facial Expressions and Family Patterns
Authors: Shateri Leila , Yari Renani Hamid , Rudsari - Abbas Bakhshipour , Nosratabad Touraj Hashemi , Saeidi - Zahra
Published: September 2024

Abstract:Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and impaired social interactions, and deficits in facial emotion recognition are a key area of impairment. Studies indicate that recognizing facial emotions is essential for social interaction, and individuals with schizophrenia show significant difficulties, especially in recognizing negative emotions. Previous research has primarily focused on patients, with less attention on their first-degree relatives. This study investigates the ability to recognize negative facial expressions in paranoid and non-paranoid schizophrenia patients, their siblings, and matched healthy controls. This cross-sectional study included 60 paranoid schizophrenia patients, 60 non-paranoid schizophrenia patients, 59 siblings of paranoid patients, 60 siblings of non-paranoid patients, and 30 healthy controls, recruited from outpatients at Razi Hospital in Tabriz, Iran. The mean age was 35.7 years, and 54% of participants were female. The Ekman 60 Faces Test assessed the recognition of basic facial emotions, focusing on negative emotions. The results revealed that paranoid schizophrenia patients showed significantly lower performance in recognizing negative facial emotions (mean score: 15.7) compared to non-paranoid patients (16.4) and siblings (28.1 for paranoid siblings, 27.4 for non-paranoid siblings). In contrast, healthy controls scored highest (29.0). This study highlights the deficits in emotion recognition in schizophrenia and their potential genetic underpinnings within family lines, contributing to understanding social cognition deficits related to the disorder.
A Note on History of Demography
Authors: Gautam Rudra Prasad
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
El farmacón de la ilusión: Entre visillos (1957) de Carmen Martín Gaite entre la memoria de género y la doxa
Authors: Minardi Adriana
Published: September 2024

In this article we start from the following question: What differentiates the novel Entre visillos (Martín Gaite, 1957) from the analysis of Uses of love of the Spanish postwar period published by the same author as heir to her doctoral thesis Usos amorosos del dieciocho en España. One possible hypothesis is that to promote a change in perception and de-automate the perspective of the heteronorm, this imaginary “feminine” background is demystified. The cinema that appears in the novel as a drug is a clear metonymy of the function of fiction. We will structure the paper in two ways that will respond to the hypothesis raised: the first exposes the foundations of the norm and the distribution of roles for women; the second analyzes the rituals of demystification and deregulation of the norm, whose purpose is the internal or external exile that in the novel allows the anti-nationalist and performative gender argumentation.
Getting Informed and Inspired
Authors: Řiháková Klára
Published: September 2024

On 20th September 2023, I attended my first-ever external academic event. This was a symposium organised by the Modern Records Centre on the occasion of its 50th anniversary. The symposium informed and inspired me in my future study and work, on which I would like to reflect in this article. The text first illustrates the broad range of materials available in the Modern Records Centre on the example of my research in this archive. Consequently, by drawing on the personal experience of attending and speaking at the symposium, this critical reflection will identify accessibility as one of the most inspiring aspects of this event. Other benefits connected to this symposium lie in the cross-generational and cross-sector networking of students, early-career researchers, well-established scholars, archivists, and volunteers. In my attempt to reflect on this anniversary event, I believe that the symposium kept its promise to inform and inspire. As examples of diverse speakers illustrate, similar events are beneficial for historical science and academia in numerous ways.
Moving on from Manderley
Authors: Pracha Setara
Published: September 2024

This reflective article comprises a doctoral research journey for which the archives at MRC were pivotal and produced groundbreaking work, thus enabling the repositioning of a key literary figure from the twentieth century, Daphne du Maurier. The correspondence between the author and Victor Gollancz her publisher led to breakthrough moments connecting contemporary events to the genesis of the short fiction, and this showed du Maurier as an insightful critique of power dynamics in her times.
Reinternalisasi Pertanian Organik Pada Petani Pedesaan
Authors: Mokoginta Meity M. , Suparwata Dewa Oka , Indrianti Merita Ayu
Published: September 2024

Saturation point conditions in the application of inorganic fertilizers can reduce the carrying capacity of land and production. This dynamic must be supported by the use of organic fertilizers, which can then become excellent if the community has benefited from its application. This community service aimed to provide counseling, information, encourage farmers to use organic fertilizers. The application of organic fertilizers is dominated by livestock manure and straw, which are applied predominantly to horticultural crops. Changes in understanding of farmers with the existence of counseling to 48% understand the application of organic fertilizers. In order to intensify and re-internalize organic farming, consistent assistance is needed, because this is related to various technical and non-technical obstacles in the field. In the future organic farming will gain a bargaining position and be of interest to farmers as long as there is a paradigm shift, contextualization of environmentally friendly agriculture and cultivating quality for quantity.Saturation point conditions in the application of inorganic fertilizers can reduce the carrying capacity of land and production. This dynamic must be supported by the use of organic fertilizers, which can then become excellent if the community has benefited from its application. This community service aimed to provide counseling, information, encourage farmers to use organic fertilizers. The application of organic fertilizers is dominated by livestock manure and straw, which are applied predominantly to horticultural crops. Changes in understanding of farmers with the existence of counseling to 48% understand the application of organic fertilizers. In order to intensify and re-internalize organic farming, consistent assistance is needed, because this is related to various technical and non-technical obstacles in the field. In the future organic farming will gain a bargaining position and be of interest to farmers as long as there is a paradigm shift, contextualization of environmentally friendly agriculture and cultivating quality for quantity.
Penguatan pengetahuan Mitigasi Bencana untuk Siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Dulupi, Gorontalo
Authors: Hendra Hendra , Nirwana Nirwana , Annisa Sitti , Amrullah M Fikri , Rijal Ahmad Syamsu
Published: September 2024

Disaster education and mitigation are still ongoing. The importance of disaster knowledge is very important for students. Various efforts have been made to increase knowledge of disaster mitigation for students. One of the efforts made is education in the form of outreach for high school students. The method of implementing community service is by providing material about disasters and their mitigation. Implementation of activities is carried out by preparing, implementing and evaluating the achievements of socialization activities for students. The results of the socialization show that the level of students' knowledge of disaster and mitigation has developed well. Although there are several important notes that must be taken in the future to maximize this socialization activity. This socialization is expected to provide comprehensive implications for students as basic knowledge in reducing the risk of disasters that will occur.
The Impact of miR-34a on Endothelial Cell Viability and Apoptosis in Ischemic Stroke: Unraveling the MTHFR-Homocysteine Pathway
Authors: Liang Lina , Yi Xueli , Wang Chunfang , Su Li , Wei Guijiang
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a global health concern, often tied to dyslipidemia and vascular endothelial dysfunction. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) was reported to be up-regulated in the blood samples of patients with IS, but the specific role of miR-34a and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in IS remains to be elucidated.

Methods:

We studied 143 subjects: 71 IS patients, and 72 healthy controls. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and transfected with a miR-34a mimic, inhibitor, or negative control. The miR-34a expression in serum and HUVECs was quantified via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Viability and apoptosis of HUVECs were assessed using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The expression levels of bcl-2, bax, cyt-c, cleaved caspase 3, MTHFR, and homocysteine were measured by Western blot or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between miR-34a and MTHFR was verified by luciferase reporter assay. The levels of MTHFR and homocysteine in serum were examined by ELISA.

Results:

MiR-34a expression was increased in IS patients and inhibited viability of HUVECs while promoting their apoptosis. Overexpression of miR-34a up-regulated pro-apoptotic proteins (bax, cyt-c and cleaved caspase 3) and down-regulated anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2 in HUVECs. MTHFR was identified as the downstream target of miR-34a and its expression was reduced by miR-34a overexpression, while homocysteine levels increased. Consistently, MTHFR levels were lower and homocysteine levels were higher in IS patients compared with controls.

Discussion:

Our results suggest that up-regulated miR-34a plays a role in the pathogenesis of IS, potentially through inhibiting MTHFR expression and increasing homocysteine in endothelial cells. Therefore, miR-34a might be a therapeutic target for IS.
Study of factors affecting the performance of the competitive activity of armwrestlers 10-13 years old at the stage of initial training
Authors: Bezkorovainyi Dmytro , Zabora Andrii , Plotnytskyi Leonid , Mashchenko Oksana , Kliuka Andrii , Sadovska Irina , Kulakov Denis
Published: September 2024

The initial training stage is the most important, since it is here that the foundation for further mastery of sports skills in the chosen sport is laid, therefore, great attention is required to determine the components of the training process in arm wrestling. This study is devoted to the study of morphofunctional data, general physical and special physical fitness of young men aged 10-13 years engaged in arm wrestling, identifying factors influencing high competitive performance for further adjustment of the educational and training process at the initial training stage. The results of the study established that the leading factors are morphofunctional indicators and indicators of speed-strength preparedness. The data of the factor analysis allowed us to determine that the increase in individual indicators of special preparedness of young arm wrestlers without comprehensive training does not ensure high efficiency of competitive activity, and to create a basis for high results and sports improvement at the stage of initial training, it is necessary to provide for mainly significant development of strength and speed-strength capabilities, since the obtained results indicate that an increase in the body weight of athletes with an appropriate system of sports training is accompanied by a significant increase in maximum strength, improvement in starting, acceleration and fast strength.
Photography of Fractured Parts and Fracture Surfaces
Authors: Christie David M.
Published: September 2024

This article provides a discussion on the following photographic equipment: point-and-shoot cameras, digital single-reflex cameras, stand-mounted digital zoom cameras, and digital microscope cameras. It presents two principal types of optical microscopes that are appropriate for visual examination of fractured parts: the stereomicroscope and the single-light-path digital microscope. The common features present on fracture surfaces are each considered separately, both in their significance and as photographic challenges. The article also presents a short note on low-magnification scanning electron microscopy and postcapture image processing.
Fractography of Polymer-Matrix Composites
Authors: Greenhalgh Emile S. , Katafiasz Tomas J.
Published: September 2024

This article presents the failure of polymer-matrix composites and the methodology for fractography. It provides a detailed discussion on the types of translaminar, interlaminar, and intralaminar failures. The article also presents a discussion on the types of fatigue failures, and the influence of composite architecture. It provides details of the fractography associated with defects and damage.
Fracture Modes and Appearances in Ceramics
Authors: Varner James R. , Ahearn David L.
Published: September 2024

Fractography is the means and methods for characterizing a fractured specimen or component. This includes the examination of fracture-exposed surfaces and the interpretation of the fracture markings, and the examination and interpretation of crack patterns. This article deals primarily with the first of these two parts of fractography. Techniques of fractography are presented, fracture markings are explained using glass and ceramic examples, fracture modes in ceramics are discussed, and examples of fracture origins are given.
Fractography of Concrete
Authors: Powers Laura J.
Published: September 2024

This article presents a brief description of the fundamental characteristics of concrete and its constituents for understanding concrete fracture surfaces. It discusses the following two types of fractures: fractures induced in the laboratory and existing (service) fractures. The article provides a discussion on how existing crack surfaces differ from induced fractures: color, hardness, luster, depth of carbonation, deposits on crack surfaces, and propagation around or through aggregates.
Fractography of Nitinol
Authors: Malito Louis G. , Bowers Matthew L. , Briant Paul , Ganot Gabriel S. , James Brad
Published: September 2024

This article focuses on the fractography of Nitinol, a shape memory alloy of nickel and titanium, in superelastic biomedical applications, which primarily comprise drawn and/or laser-cut wire and tube components. Overload fracture, hydrogen embrittlement fracture, and fatigue fracture are discussed in detail.
Fracture and Fractography of Tool Steels and Bearing Steels
Authors: Reardon Arthur
Published: September 2024

This article describes some of the underlying factors of tool steel and bearing steel fractures and appearances. It also briefly introduces the general types of cold work and hot work tool steels and their typical performance requirements. This includes the importance of microstructural conditions achieved with powder metallurgy (PM) tool steels and the need for steel “cleanliness,” especially in preventing contact fatigue in bearings or bending fatigue in gears.
Fractography of Solder Joints
Authors: Zhang Qiming , Qiu Xing , Cheng Yuanjie , Lo Jeffry C.C. , Lee S.W. Ricky , Yang Chaoran , Song Fubin , Jiang Tong
Published: September 2024

Solder cracking is one of the dominant failure modes of the electronic assembly system. Experience shows that solder joints can fail due to processing defects during solder joint formation or due to excessive loading in various applications. This article introduces major fractography techniques to demonstrate typical solder joint failure and background failure mechanisms. These techniques may be helpful to readers in recognizing failure modes and in preventing further failures during product development and process implementation.
Fractography of Titanium Alloys
Authors: Pilchak Adam , Williams Jim
Published: September 2024

This article presents a detailed discussion on the microstructures, physical metallurgy, classification, deformation behavior, and fracture modes of titanium alloys. It illustrates the effect of microstructure and texture on the fracture topography and fracture behavior of titanium alloys with a variety of relevant examples.
Fractography of Weldments
Authors: Stewart J.R. , Ganot G.S. , Slone C.E. , James B.A. , Roepke C.T.
Published: September 2024

This article provides an overview of fractography as it applies to metal weldments and presents examples of various fracture surface morphologies to demonstrate how fractographic analysis can be used to determine the cause of weld failures. It identifies weld fractography principles and details several weldment-specific geometric and metallurgical considerations. The role of the weld-cracking mechanisms on the resultant fracture surfaces is described, along with example micrographs and fractographs of weldments. Common discontinuities related to welding processes and their impact on the resulting fracture behavior and surfaces are covered, as well as the common fractographic features related to fatigue failures of welds.
The Role of Fractography in Metallurgical Failure Analysis
Authors: Schroeder Craig J. , Tartaglia John M.
Published: September 2024

Many metal failures involve fracture, and fractography is an essential activity in many, if not most, failure analysis (FA) investigations. This article introduces and illustrates the role of fractography in an FA investigation. Basic guidelines are briefly presented for investigating a failure and how fractography helps the FA investigator determine evidence. Examples are given throughout this article on how the examination of fracture surfaces discerns various sources of crack initiation and mechanisms of crack growth. The procedures for analyzing fractures also include several steps and techniques that involve photographic documentation, proper specimen handling, and visual or microscopic examination. The article also briefly describes the use of metallography in fracture analysis along with case studies as illustrative examples of various fracture mechanisms and modes.
Desafíos del liderazgo: neuromarketing y publicidad
Authors: Barrientos-Báez Almudena
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El presente trabajo describe las habilidades y características del liderazgo en el ámbito del neuromarketing y la publicidad. Metodología: Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica de artículos y estudios especializados, enfocándose en las teorías de liderazgo más relevantes. Resultados: Los líderes efectivos en neuromarketing combinan una visión creativa y estratégica con una fuerte capacidad de adaptación, fomentando la innovación y la gestión del cambio. Además, tienen un profundo conocimiento del mercado y habilidades comunicativas para liderar equipos multifuncionales. Discusión: Los líderes transformacionales son los más adecuados para este contexto, ya que inspiran a sus equipos, promueven la autonomía y priorizan el desarrollo personal y profesional de sus colaboradores. Conclusiones: El liderazgo en neuromarketing requiere creatividad, adaptabilidad, conocimiento del mercado y habilidades comunicativas. Estos aspectos aseguran la efectividad de las campañas y el éxito organizacional.
Responsabilidad social en la prevención de riesgos psicosociales en trabajadoras del servicio doméstico
Authors: Garcia Caicedo Adrian Marcel , Osorio Ordoñez Cristian Camilo
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Nuestro estudio analizó el estrés laboral y el síndrome de burnout en trabajadoras domésticas de Pereira, Armenia y Cali, Colombia. Metodología: Empleamos un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo y transversal, utilizando entrevistas estructuradas para captar la experiencia subjetiva de las empleadas. Aplicamos el modelo de Maslach, que examina el agotamiento emocional, la despersonalización y la falta de energía, y el modelo demanda-control de Karaseck, que evalúa la interacción entre demanda laboral, control y apoyo social. Resultados: Mostraron que el extenso trabajo y la falta de reconocimiento son fuentes de estrés. Algunos empleados aceptan el estrés como inevitable, mientras que otros desean cambiar de trabajo debido a la falta de flexibilidad, bajos salarios y condiciones laborales injustas. Conclusiones: Las relaciones laborales, afectadas por el trato abusivo de superiores y la crítica de compañeros, crean un ambiente competitivo y poco colaborativo, deteriorando el bienestar emocional de los empleados. En conclusión, el estudio revela que el estrés laboral y el burnout son problemas significativos entre las trabajadoras domésticas en Colombia. Además, las relaciones laborales problemáticas y las condiciones laborales deficientes subrayan la necesidad de mejoras para mitigar estos problemas y mejorar el reconocimiento de las trabajadoras domésticas.
Поняття «нематеріальна культурна спадщина» в працях сучасних українських дослідників
Authors: Мокрій Дмитро
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the article is to study and analyze different approaches to the definition of the concept of "intangible cultural heritage" in the works of modern Ukrainian researchers representing various sciences. Research methodology is represented by a set of general scientific methods and approaches, in particular, methods of comparative analysis and systematization. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of the peculiarities of the definition of the concept of "intangible cultural heritage", depending on the affiliation of researchers to one or another discipline. Such an analysis will help to avoid the limitations of the definition of the concept within one field and will allow to develop a more effective approach to the definition of this concept. Conclusions. In the course of conducting this research, it was established that the interpretation of intangible cultural heritage has a connection between the specificity of the definitions and the professional affiliation of the authors to such sciences as economics, cultural studies, history, geography Common features in the definition of features of the concept of intangible cultural heritage are noted. Representatives of these disciplines, namely economics, geography emphasized in the formulation the connection with tourism. Scientists in the field of history and cultural studies paid attention to the importance of the formation of the identity of a separate social group and the transmission of cultural values, traditions and customs from generation to generation. Distinctive features in the explanation of the concept of intangible cultural heritage in comparison with the previous group of scientists are the interpretation of the concept of "intangible cultural heritage" by representatives of the geographical discipline, which includes spiritual values, traditions, beliefs and understanding of the way of life. Among all the definitions of the concept of "intangible cultural heritage", the most successful one, in the opinion of the author, is the one prescribed in the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Culture". Prospects for further research into the concept of "intangible cultural heritage" lie in the development of more effective approaches to the preservation and use of the cultural heritage of Ukraine.
Реакція населення Поділля на «вдосконалене» самообкладання: 1928 рік
Authors: Кравченко Павло , Мельничук Олег
Published: September 2024

The paper analyzes the moods and attitudes of the rural population of Podillia in 1928, which were caused by the Bolshevik regime’s intensified offensive against private ownership in the villages and aimed at its elimination. This policy was part of Stalin's “revolution from above," with self-imposed taxation becoming one of its important components. The methodology of the study is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism, employing both general scientific and specialized research methods: the problem-chronological, historical-comparative methods, and critical analysis. The scientific novelty of the study is defined by the authors' interest in a topic that has been insufficiently researched in Ukrainian historiography: the reaction of the rural population of Podillia to the initial measures of the Bolshevik occupation regime, which sought to eliminate private ownership in Ukrainian villages and impose collective farming by enforcing inflated self-taxation plans. Conclusions. The year 1928 marked an intensification of the struggle between Ukrainian peasants and the Bolshevik regime, which, in pursuit of the “socialist restructuring” of the village, deliberately brought peasant farms to ruins by increasing financial pressure through the method of “improved” self-taxation. This led to widespread discontent, which was mostly manifested in peasants’ protestations, refusals to vote for the self-taxation rates imposed by the authorities, etc. and threatened to escalate into violent resistance.
Японський дипломат Чіуне (Тіуне) Сугіхара – рятівник євреїв в роки Другої світової війни
Authors: Михайлюк Марина
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the life and activities of a Japanese diplomat, primarily in the field of rescuing Jews in the first years of World War II (1940–1941). The author characterizes Sugihara's personal qualities, working conditions in various parts of Europe, particularly in Lithuania and East Prussia, and examines the forms and methods of rescuing Jews. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific (chronological, problem-historical, analytical, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-systemic) methods with the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity, scientificity, verification, using interdisciplinary approaches to the intersection of world history, psychology, ethics; memories of contemporaries of the World War ІІ. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that, using these methods, the author reveals the character of Sugihara as the savior of European Jewry, analyzes the number of visas issued and the impact of his diplomatic activities on the future fate of Jewish refugees – applicants for temporary asylum in Japan. Conclusions. The Japanese savior, with all his diplomatic activities and «righteous» life, demonstrated an absolute immersion in the Jewish problems of the World War ІІ. Despite all the obstacles that stood in his way, he was able to save thousands of refugees who asked for transit visas to Japan in order to find a peaceful life in other countries of the world. In Lithuania, Sugihara could not calmly look at the constant crowds at the windows of his residence, mainly Polish Jewish refugees who found refuge in Lithuania after the Nazi occupation of Poland, but with the Soviet occupation of the country had to continue to arrange their lives in other countries of the world. In East Prussia, the consul faced a similar problem. Being familiar with the Nazi policy of anti-Semitism in the occupied and annexed territories of the Reich, Sugihara understood well what future awaited Jewish asylum seekers, and could not refuse them help. The diplomat, despite the fact that he belonged to a country that became an ally of Germany in the World War ІІ and had its own colonial ambitions in Southeast Asia, did not fall victim to anti-Semitic propaganda and Judeophobia, but on the contrary showed sympathy for asylum seekers. Today, there are 40,000 to 50,000 descendants of those Jews who were helped by the Japanese diplomat living in the world.
QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA SOBRE O OLHAR DA IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO COM AVANÇO PRODUTIVO
Authors: Monteiro Taianny , Figueirêdo Gesivaldo , Pereira Beteseã , Sousa Antônio
Published: September 2024

As novas tecnologias adotadas para o desenvolvimento das culturas empregadas no setor agrícola traz benefícios para vida humana, bem como para o cultivo das áreas no campo. No contexto da qualidade da água sobre o olhar da irrigação por gotejamento com avanço produtivo, conta-se com uma série de análises para representação desse recurso hídrico, como importante variável no cultivo da palma forrageira da variedade “orelha de elefante mexicana”. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente estudo foi de contribuir com a caracterização da água utilizada no sistema de irrigação por gotejamento desse cultivo e, para tanto, foram analisadas duas amostras de água de poços: do córrego e da barragem. Tais amostras foram investigadas por meio de ensaios analíticos realizados no laboratório de Química do IFPB - campus João Pessoa, considerando os aspectos físicos e químicos. As amostras foram coletadas no sítio Panasco e Raimundo, área rural localizada a 5 km da margem direita da rodovia PB-386, no km 17, divisa entre os municípios de Conceição-PB e Mauriti-CE. A pesquisa foi de natureza qualitativa, quantitativa e investigativa, com foco na coleta de dados e ações estratégicas advindas das condições da água. Este trabalho teve como premissa básica a importância da qualidade da água sobre o olhar da irrigação por gotejamento para obter maior produtividade, notadamente o aumento da produção passou a ser o resultado do impacto da qualidade da água sobre o sistema de irrigação por gotejamento e outras variáveis consideradas importantes no cultivo do palmal, a exemplo da maior e melhor distribuição da água nos micro-furos das mangueiras dos gotejadores. Os resultados da pesquisa norteiam avanços para obtenção de maior produção da palma por área de plantio e são consideradas contribuições tecnológicas relevantes para o setor agrícola.
TÜRK MÜZİĞİNDE EN SIK KULLANILAN ÜÇ ÇALGININ OTONOM SİNİR SİSTEMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ
Authors: Ersoy Gurbet
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Klasik Türk müziğinin psikolojik ve fizyolojik etkilerini belirlemek için çalgı, makam, form ve tempo bileşenlerinin nasıl temsil edildiği ve bu etkilere dönük sorulara yanıt aranacağını değerlendirmektir. Klasik Türk Müziğinde en sık kullanılan üç çalgının otonom sinir sistemi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla araştırmaya müzik eğitimi alan ve almayan, yaş ortalaması 26,08±6,71 olan 30’u erkek (%50) ve 30’u (%50) kadın toplam 60 katılımcı tesadüfen seçilmiştir. Çalışmada, üç çalgının (Ney, Klasik Kemençe, Tanbur) katılımcılar üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek, otonom sinir sistemi aktivasyonunu değerlendirmek için Kalp Hızı Değişkenliği (KHD) ölçümü, müzik dinleme öncesi anlık duygu durumunu (mood) değerlendirmek için Duygu Durumu Profili Ölçeği (POMS) kullanılmıştır. Otonom sinir sistemi aktivasyonu KHD ölçümüyle yapılan analizler sonucunda, araştırmada öncelikle katılımcıların her tempoda, çalgı türlerine göre müzik beğenisi, enerjiklik ve çalgı beğenilerinin karşılaştırılmasına ilişkin psikolojik ölçüm bulguları değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgularda, bütün türlerde Tanbur beğenisi öne çıkmıştır. Tempolara göre müzik beğenisi, çalgı beğenisi ve enerjiklik düzeyi karşılaştırılmıştır. Ney ve Kemençe çalgısının tempolara göre müzik ve çalgı beğenisi skorları arasında bir fark bulunmadığını ancak Tanbur’la seslendirilen Sirto (en hızlı tempo) örneğinde bu üç değerin (müzik-çalgı beğenisi ve enerjiklik) daha yüksek fark yarattığını göstermektedir.
PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF UNTUK PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DALAM MITIGASI BENCANA ALAM DI JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Savitri Amelia Juliana , Sya’ban M.B. Ali , Fadiarman Fadiarman
Published: September 2024

Abstrak: Indonesia sering mengalami bencana alam yang mengganggu tatanan kehidupan masyarakat. Jakarta Timur menjadi daerah yang terdampak bencana alam. Bencana alam seringkali menimpa kelompok penyandang disabilitas yang menjadi kelompok rentan terhadap bencana. Hal ini dikarenakan penyandang disabilitas kurang mendapatkan pendidikan mitigasi bencana dan persiapan secara individual. Minimnya pengetahuan mitigasi bencana bagi kelompok disabilitas menyebabkan mereka memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi dan menjadi korban bencana alam. Upaya pengurangan dampak bencana alam diperlukan dengan dibutuhkannya dukungan dan partisipasi dari berbagai pihak. Dibutuhkan adanya pendidikan inklusif bagi penyandang disabilitas dengan wawasan dan kemampuan dalam menghadapi bencana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menerapkan pembelajaran inklusif bagi penyandang disabilitas dalam menghadapi bencana alam. Metode yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dan mewawancarai pembimbing di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penyandang disabilitas memerlukan bantuan dalam menghadapi bencana alam dan membutuhkan pendidikan inklusif yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan khusus. Diperlukan adanya pengembangan model pembelajaran yang membantu upaya mitigasi bencana. Implementasi penelitian ini adalah adanya program-program edukasi yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan khusus bagi penyandang disabilitas untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana, mengurangi kerusakan dan meminimalisir korban bencana alam.  Abstract:  Indonesia often experiences natural disasters that disrupt people's lives. East Jakarta is an area affected by natural disasters. Natural disasters often affect groups of people with disabilities who are vulnerable to disasters. This is because people with disabilities receive less education on disaster mitigation and individual preparation. The lack of knowledge about disaster mitigation for disabled groups causes them to have a higher risk of becoming victims of natural disasters. Efforts to reduce the impact of natural disasters require support and participation from various parties. There is a need for inclusive education for people with disabilities with insight and ability to deal with disasters. The aim of this research is to implement inclusive learning for people with disabilities in dealing with natural disasters. The method used was purposive sampling and interviewing supervisors at the research location. The research results concluded that people with disabilities need assistance in dealing with natural disasters and need inclusive education tailored to their special needs. There is a need to develop learning models that help disaster mitigation efforts. The implementation of this research is the existence of educational programs tailored to the special needs of people with disabilities to increase preparedness in facing disasters, reduce damage and minimize victims of natural disasters.
FOSTERING ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 3R (REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE) AT SDN 02 AMPELDENTO
Authors: Nisa' Hamidatun , Mutia Tuti
Published: September 2024

A caring attitude towards the environment is one of the factors that influence its quality. The environmental conditions at SDN 02 Ampeldento showed that it was not clean, a buildup of plastic waste was found in the school environment. There is a strategy to overcome this problem by cultivating environmental awareness by implementing 3R waste management. This research aims to determine the implementation of 3R waste management at SDN 02 Ampeldento and determine students' environmental care attitudes after implementing 3R waste management. This study uses a qualitative method. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman method which consists of three steps, namely (1) data reduction, (2) data presentation, (3) drawing conclusions/verification. The research results show that the implementation of 3R waste management goes through 2 stages, namely socialization by delivering 3R waste management material and implementation through carrying out activities by applying the principles of 3R waste management. The implementation of 3R waste management has succeeded in educating students to care more about the environment.
DEVELOPMENT OF METAVERSE-BASED VIRTUAL DISASTER GALLERY AS A SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR DISASTER EDUCATION IN GEOGRAPHY LEARNING
Authors: Bachri Syamsul , Hakiki A.Riyan Rahman , Sumarmi Sumarmi , Putra Alfyananda Kurnia , Hidiyah Tabita May , Putri Nanda Regita , Prastiwi Mellinia Regina
Published: September 2024

Abstrak: Pendidikan kebencanaan memainkan peran penting dalam menumbuhkan kesiapsiagaan bencana di kalangan pelajar. Namun, implementasi pendidikan kebencanaan di Indonesia masih memiliki keterbatasan, terutama karena kurangnya media yang interaktif dan kontekstual untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Galeri Bencana Virtual Berbasis Metaverse sebagai sistem pendukung pendidikan kebencanaan dalam pembelajaran geografi. Metaverse merupakan teknologi yang mampu menciptakan dunia virtual 3D. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4D, yang meliputi tahapan Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Media diujicobakan kepada 33 siswa kelas XI di SMAN Pesanggaran untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang layak dan efektif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Galeri Bencana Virtual Berbasis Metaverse sangat valid dan efektif sebagai sistem pendukung pendidikan untuk pendidikan kebencanaan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa mengintegrasikan teknologi VR dalam pendidikan kebencanaan dapat menjadi referensi yang berharga untuk mengembangkan media pendidikan yang inovatif di masa depan. Abstract:  Disaster education plays a crucial role in fostering disaster preparedness among students. However, the implementation of disaster education in Indonesia faces limitations, particularly due to the lack of interactive and contextual media to support the learning process. This study aims to develop a Metaverse-Based Virtual Disaster Gallery as a support system for disaster education in geography learning. The metaverse is a technology capable of creating a 3D virtual world. This research employs the 4D development model, which includes the stages of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The media was tested on 33 eleventh-grade students at SMAN Pesanggaran to produce a feasible and effective educational tool. The research findings demonstrate that the Metaverse-Based Virtual Disaster Gallery is highly valid and effective as an educational support system for disaster education. These findings suggest that integrating VR technology in disaster education can serve as a valuable reference for developing innovative educational media in the future.