bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REGULARITIES OF DEVELOPMENT AND FORMATION OF EMBRYOTOPOGRAPHY OF THE THYROID AND PARATHYROID GLANDS IN HUMAN EMBRYOS OF 7-9 WEEKS OF GESTATION
Authors: Lopushniak L. , Kuzniak N. , Boichuk O. , Bambuliak A. , Sukhonosov R.
Published: November 2024

The article describes the peculiarities of development and formation of variants of external shape and localization of thyroid and parathyroid glands in human embryos of 7-9 weeks of gestation.Aim of the study. The objective of the study was to fi nd the regularities of development and formation of embryotopographic relations between the thyroid and parathyroid glands during 7-9 weeks of the human intrauterine development. Material and methods. The study was carried out using a complex of morphological methods on 42 samples of human embryos without external signs of anatomical deviations or developmental defects. The specimens were taken from the museums of the Department of Human Anatomy of M. H. Turkevytch and the Department of Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy and Operative Surgery of the Bukovinian State Medical University.Results and discussion. In embryos with parietococcygeal length (PCL) of 14,0-17,0 mm intensive organogenesis processes of thyroid gland occur: separation of gland lobes, loss of connection with aortic arch and establishment of close correlations with laryngeal rudiment and vagus nerves. Therefore, the thyroid gland becomes semicircular. In embryos with 18,0-24,0 mm PCL there is a separation of the isthmus from the lateral lobes of the thyroid. Initially it is caused by intensive growth of the cricoid arch. Gradually the gland becomes H-shaped and fragmentation of the caudal part of the thyroglossal duct occurs. When the PCL reaches 29.5-31.0 mm, folliculogenesis begins and the thyroid gland becomes horseshoe- shaped. 9-week embryos show clear individual variations in the external shape of the thyroid gland: semicircular, H-shaped, and horseshoe. Areas of undiff erentiated epithelial tissue are found in the thyroid parenchyma, especially in its center.Conclusions. The conducted study has shown that during the 7-9 weeks of intrauterine development the structural organization of the thyroid and parathyroid rudiments becomes more complicated. Tight embryotopographic relations are established between them. Vascularization intensifi es and the connective tissue capsules of the thyroid and parathyroid glands are formed. At the same time their linear dimensions increase rapidly.
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA AND RISK FACTORS FOR PULMONARY FIBROSIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors: Kryuchko T. , Klymko D.
Published: November 2024

The diagnosis of pulmonary fi brosis represents a signifi cant and urgent concern, particularly within the context of pediatric practice. A review of the scientifi c literature reveals that pulmonary fi brosis can be a complication of bronchial asthma in pediatric patients. Among pediatric patients, there is currently a trend towards a steady increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases, in particular bronchial asthma. An additional crucial area of investigation is the advanced study of asthma predictors, which include children with a history of extreme prematurity. Concurrently, prematurity and low birth weight represent risk factors for the onset of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A substantial body of evidence from clinical trials of uncontrolled asthmasubstantiates the necessity for further investigation into the infl uence of additional adverse environmental factors, including electronic smoking. Despite the growing importance of diagnosing pulmonary fi brosis in adult patients in recent years, many questions remain regarding the relevance of this issue in pediatric patients.
OVERVIEW OF HEALTHCARE INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Gerush I. , Khodorovskyy V. , Shchudrova T. , Korotun O. , Bilous T.
Published: November 2024

The healthcare system is under constant pressure from a growing and aging population, escalating healthcare costs, limited resources and increasing demand. Achieving the triple aim of healthcare – improving care, improving health and reducing costs – requires innovation. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), health innovation is the development of new or improved health policies, systems, products and technologies, services and delivery methods that improve people’s health, with a particular focus on the needs of vulnerable populations. Health innovations have both technological (innovative products, services or processes) and non-technological (organizational, policy, educational and social innovations) dimensions and play a critical role in improving the productivity, effi ciency, reliability, sustainability, safety and cost-eff ectiveness of health care. This article is the fi rst in a series of publications on innovation and entrepreneurship in health care. The paper examines the main types and categories of innovation and entrepreneurship, analyzes current innovation trends and directions in healthcare, factors that infl uence the adoption of innovative technologies in medical practice, and the characteristics of a human- centered approach to design thinking in healthcare. The article also discusses the concept of value- based healthcare, which focuses on providing the best possible care to achieve the best possible outcomes for each patient, using available resources effi ciently, and how innovation can improve the cost, quality, and access to healthcare.
ACUTE TESTICULAR ISCHEMIA CAUSED BY INGUINAL HERNIATION WITH INCARCERATED LOOP OF SIGMOID COLON IN NEWBORN
Authors: Fedoruc A. , Pisarenco A. , Revenco I.
Published: November 2024

The authors report a clinical case of a 14-day-old newborn with a left inguinal hernia with incarceration of the sigmoid loop associated with testicular ischemia, a clinical situation that posed some problems of diff erential diagnosis. The mother of the child was referred to the emergency department. Objective examination revealed hyperemia and edema of the left hemiscrotum, and on palpation there was a hard, irreducible, painful swelling. The child was urgently taken to surgery. On re-examination an incarcerated hernia was found with a viable sigmoid loop with moderate edematous changes. The testis showed obvious ischemic changes. With diffi culty, the sigmoid colon was reduced into the abdominal cavity, after observing the restoration of vascularization of the preserved testis. The postoperative result was positive and the child was discharged in satisfactory condition.
SOME POTENTIAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA IN PREMATURE BABIES: PART III
Authors: Znamenska T. , Vorobiova O.
Published: November 2024

Abnormal microbial colonization of the gut from birth in newborns aff ects growth, development, and health, leading to short- and long-term adverse eff ects. The microbiota of preterm infants diff ers from that of term infants. This is because preterm infants and their mothers have more complicated prenatal and postnatal health conditions and anatomically- functional immaturity of organs and systems depending on gestational age. Maternal conditions, antibiotics, type of feeding, and use of probiotics can signifi cantly aff ect the gut microbiota of preterm infants in the early neonatal period; however, these eff ects decrease with age. Although some factors and processes are diffi cult to intervene or avoid, understanding the potential factors and determinants will help to develop timely strategies to promote a healthy gut microbiota in preterm infants. This review discusses potential determinants of gut microbial colonization in preterm infants, the underlying mechanisms, and recommendations for addressing adverse eff ects.
REHABILITATION IN NEPHROLOGY: HISTORY, CURRENT STATE, PROSPECTS
Authors: Bezruk V. , Ivanov D. , Shkrobanets I. , Rynzhuk L. , Bulyk T. , Hresko M. , Bilookyi O.
Published: November 2024

Rehabilitation assistance at healthcare institutions is a comprehensive package of measures designed to enhance the functional abilities of individuals who experience or may potentially experience limitations in their daily functioning within their surrounding environment. Nephrology is a branch of medical science that studies the etiology and pathogenesis of kidney damage, develops and improves diagnostic methods, treatments, and prevention strategies for congenital and acquired primary and secondary kidney damage at all stages of development. Pediatric urological disorders remain a signifi cant concern due to their high prevalence among children. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a particularly worrisome complication, as it is characterized by a relapsing nature and the potential for severe complications. The current system of healthcare is regarded as a costly branch of medical services, with expenditures on therapeutic and rehabilitative care (inpatient and outpatient stages) constituting a signifi cant proportion of the overall costs.The article presents the results of an analysis and a summary of the recommendations set forth in international and Ukrainian medicaltechnologicaldocuments based on evidence- based medicine with regard to rehabilitation care in pediatric nephrology. The methodology for establishing a clinical and rehabilitation patient pathway, comprising an individual rehabilitation patient plan, is presented. This pathway considers the most common urinary diseases among children at the hospital district level. The scientifi c research was conducted within the scientifi c focus of the Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Perinatal Medicine of Bukovinian State Medical University and the research project entitled «Chronobiological and Adaptive Aspects and Features ofAutonomic Regulation in Pathological Conditions in Children of Diff erent Age Groups.» The registration number is 0122U002245, and the project will run from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2026.
ATTITUDES AND AWARENESS OF THE POPULATION OF CENTRAL AND WESTERN REGIONS OF UKRAINE TOWARDS VACCINATION
Authors: Nikitiuk S. , Hariian T. , Shkorbetska Y. , Pastushchyn V.
Published: November 2024

In the modern world, vaccination is the most eff ective and evidence- based method of preventing the onset and severity of infectious diseases. Today, the WHO has identifi ed vaccine hesitancy as a global public health threat [25]. The social and cultural background of people infl uences their perception of vaccines, which prompted us to investigate this problem. Aim. To study the infl uence of sociodemographic factors on vaccination attitudes of children and adults in the central and western regions of Ukraine.Materials and methods. A cross- sectional study was conducted, which included a survey of the population of diff erent social status. The study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the bioethics committee. We also analyzed literature data from PubMed, Medscape and CSC. The work was performed within the framework of the research project 0122U000039 «Improvement of methods of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of the most common diseases of childhood». No confl icts of interest exist.Research results and discussion. 1000 respondents were interviewed by questionnaire from Kyiv, Cherkasy, Kirovograd, Khmelnytsky, Zhytomyr, Chernivtsi, Ternopil, Rivne, Volyn, Ivano- Frankivsk, Lviv regions. The data obtained indicate that barriers to vaccination are caused by low awareness of vaccination, excessive negative infl uence of opinion leaders, prevalence of myths and falsifi cations about vaccination, lack of health care resources and low supply of recommended vaccines, and forced migration. Low awareness and low vaccination coverage are also associated with low awareness among health workers who do not work directly with vaccines, falsifi cation of vaccination data, and the presence of anti-vaccine health workers. The negative attitude of parents towards vaccination is also very important, as it aff ects their children.Conclusions.1. Fear of side eff ects, long-term complications, and doubts about the quality of vaccines have been identifi ed as factors in vaccine refusal.2. The most common groups of vaccine refusers are the elderly (53.3 %) and men (16.8 %).3. The high cost of vaccines that are not included in the list of mandatory vaccines is one of the reasons for the decrease in vaccination rates.4. Improved communication between the doctor and the patient is one of the factors increasing the vaccination rate among the population.5. Information about the availability of vaccines and places of vaccination, peculiarities of the post-vaccination period and information about the possible consequences of ignoring vaccination should be provided in the media (television, radio), especially among the elderly.
The influence of biostimulants used in the cultivation of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) on nitrogen uptake and the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Godlewska Agnieszka , Ciepiela Grażyna Anna , Becher Marcin , Jaremko Dawid , Matyszczak Adam
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different biostimulants applied in the cultivation of Italian ryegrass cv. Dukat on nitrogen uptake and effectiveness of nitrogen fertilisation. A two-year field experiment was arranged as a randomised subblock design (split-plot) with three replicates. The following factors were examined: a) type of biostimulant: Algex, Tytanit, Asahi SL and a control (no biostimulant addition); b) nitrogen application rate: 0 (control), 120 and 180 kg ha–1. The total nitrogen content in the plant material was determined and nitrogen uptake with yield, agricultural and physiological efficiency were calculated. The application of biostimulants increased the nitrogen content in the Italian ryegrass biomass compared to the control. The differences between the tested biostimulants were insignificant. The amount of nitrogen in the biomass was significantly influenced by the rate of nitrogen. The effect of the year of the study was insignificant. The biostimulants used had a significant impact on the total nitrogen uptake during the vegetation year by Italian ryegrass. The values of this parameter depended on the type of biostimulant. Similarly, the value of this parameter was significantly affected by the year of the study, i.e. the total nitrogen uptake was significantly lower in the second year of the study. In the case of the agricultural efficiency fertilisation of Italian ryegrass, no significant differences were found for the influence of the tested experimental factors. The obtained values of the physiological efficiency fertilisation of Italian ryegrass fertilization did not differ significantly in the years of the study.
RETROGRADE THORACIC DUCT ACCESS FOR EMBOLIZATION OF LYMPHATIC MALFORMATIONS IN A CHILD WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AND A PLEXIFORM THORACIC DUCT VARIANT
Authors: Saferite A. , Blair B.J. , Price A.M. , Fox K.A. , Seckeler M.D.
Published: November 2024

The physiologic sequelae of the atypical vasculature in patients with congenital heart disease can result in potentially fatal lymphatic complications, especially after corrective cardiac surgery. Transcatheter embolization of the thoracic duct or lymphatic collaterals can reduce morbidity and mortality in these patients. While typically performed transabdominally via an antegrade approach, retrograde embolization may be preferable in cases where this is not feasible, including in rare variants of thoracic duct anatomy. We present a case of a child with severe chylothorax after congenital cardiac surgery who was found to have thoracic lymphatic malformations and a plexiform thoracic duct variant who underwent successful embolization of the malformations.
On Weak Solutions to Parabolic Problem Involving the Fractional p-Laplacian Via Young Measures
Authors: Talibi Ihya , Balaadich Farah , El Boukari Brahim , El Ghordaf Jalila
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we study the local existence of weak solutions for parabolic problem involving the fractional p-Laplacian. Our technique is based on the Galerkin method combined with the theory of Young measures. In addition, an example is given to illustrate the main results.
The Origins of the Idea of “Civilizational” Multipolarity in Russian Religious Thought (from 19th to First Half of 20th Century)
Authors: Medovarov M. M.
Published: November 2024

The article explores the development of the concept of «civilizational» multipolarity in Russian religious thought from the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century. This notion of «civilizational» multipolarity suggests that power centers, beyond forming a geopolitical balance, also represent distinct civilizations. During the first half of the 19th century, Russian conservatism was predominantly Eurocentric and semi-colonial. However, in the latter half of the century, Russian religious thinkers began to recognize the plurality of civilizations and their potential to emerge as independent power centers, thereby reevaluating Russia's role in the world. Thinkers like Nikolay Danilevsky, Vladimir Lamansky, and Konstantin Leontyev progressively moved away from a colonial mindset, leading to the crystallization of the idea of «civilizational» multipolarity.At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, thinkers such as Vladimir Gringmut, Lev Tikhomirov, Prince Esper Ukhtomsky, and Sergey Syromyatnikov further advanced these ideas. They identified an «awakening of the East» and advocated for Russia to align with Eastern civilizational powers in anticipation of an imminent world war. Post-1917 revolution, the concept of «civilizational» multipolarity persisted in the Eurasianist thought of the 1920s and 1930s, which is a focal point of this article. Leaders of the Eurasianist movement, such as Prince Nikolay Trubetskoy and Petr Savitsky, developed the doctrine of autarkic «worlds»-civilizations, envisioned as large economic blocs unified by common culture, ideology, and centralized authority. Religious ideas and rhetoric, including the trope of «Babylonian confusion», played a significant role in the Eurasianists' justification of their preferred international order.
Pemasangan Dua Merek Implan pada Satu Pasien
Authors: Santoso Alice , Ariesanti Yessy
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Dental implants have been used in dentistry for more than half a century and have a high success rate (90 - 95%). The number of implant patients has increased today and is expected to continue to increase for the next few years. Various studies have been conducted to find the best implant material. Titanium and its mixtures are still the material of choice for implants today. The author wants to present a case report of a 39-year-old man who underwent the installation of two implants in the mandibular region
Case Report: A 39-year-old man came in with a complaint of missing right and lower left back teeth since 7 years ago due to caries. The patient has a smoking habit. The patient is planned to undergo the implantation of 37 teeth with biotec BTK and 47 teeth with Straumann. The implant was well installed and no complications were found. Patients are asked to keep the implant area and oral cavity clean, as well as routinely check with the dentist every 6 months.
Discussion: Biotec implants (BTK) are implants made of pure titanium (Ti) grade 4 (ASTM F 67 / ISO 2832-2) while Straumann implants are made of Roxolid (85% titanium and 15% Zirconia [TiZr]).
Conclusion:  Titanium Zirconium (TiZr) and pure Titanium are the preferred materials in the field of implants. Both can be well integrated and are able to restore optimal chewing function.
Pengetahuan dan sikap dokter gigi umum di kota semarang terhadap desain gtsl akrilik
Authors: Wirahadikusumah Andy , Cetta Prayitno Putri Nabila
Published: November 2024

Background: Removable partial dentures (RPD) is a dentures that replaces one or more missing teeth and open-pairs by patients. Acrylic resin is one of the basic materials for making RPD. When making a RPD, there are several things that dentists must pay attention to because dentists have a big responsibility in designing RPD. Objectives: To obtain an overview of the knowledge and attitudes of general dentist regarding designing removable partial denture acrylic. Material and Methods: This type of research is descriptive observational with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted with 107 dentists as respondents. Data collection was obtained using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, distributed via Google Forms to measure the knowledge and attitudes of dentists. Results: It was found that the majority of respondents aged 26 – 35 years were 61 people (57%), 81 people were female (75,7%), and 38 (35,5%) had practice experience for 5 – 10 years. Respondents in the good knowledge category were 80 people (74,8%), 26 people had adequate knowledge (24,3%), and 1 person had poor knowledge (0,9%). There were 89 respondents in the good attitude category (83,2%), 16 people adequate attitude (14,9%), and 2 people less attitude (1,9%). Conclusion: It was concluded that the knowledge and attitudes of general dentists regarding design of acrylic removable partial dentures were in the good category.
Gambaran Kualitas Hidup pada Lansia Pengguna Gigi Tiruan Lepasan
Authors: Lutfia Rachma Nindya , Ayu Ratih Utari Mayun I Gusti
Published: November 2024

Background: The aging process is a natural occurrence affecting individuals, influenced by various factors such as gender, employment, education level, and oral health. Tooth loss is a common consequence of aging. Removable dentures offer an alternative to rehabilitate missing teeth, replacing one or more teeth and surrounding tissues to restore function and prevent further damage. The objective of prosthodontic treatment for the elderly is to replace missing teeth with functional ones that enhance appearance, speech, and most importantly, chewing abilities. The ultimate goal is to help the elderly consume more nutrients. Objective: This study aims to assess the quality of life among senior citizens using removable dentures at the Ciracas nursing home in East Jakarta. Methods: A cross-sectional design and descriptive observational research methodology were employed. Seventy-one senior respondents aged 60 and above, using removable dentures at the Ciracas Nursing Home, participated in the study. The Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP 14) questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: Analysis revealed that 26 respondents (36.6%) reported good quality of life, 40 respondents (56.3%) reported moderate quality of life, and 5 respondents (7%) reported low quality of life. Conclusion: The quality of life of elderly residents of the Nursing Home in the Ciracas District of East Jakarta who wear removable dentures is categorized as moderate.
Peran Allium sativum dalam menanggulangi patogen rongga mulut
Authors: Utomo Bella , Aryani Hayuningtyas Ria , Nugrogo Didi
Published: November 2024

Allium sativum is known as a bulbous plant that is produced all over the world. Apart from being used as a cooking spice, Allium sativum is acknowledged to have a variety of medical benefits, especially in terms of its antibacterial properties. The active compounds that contribute to its antibacterial effect, such as allicin, alliin, ajoene, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and triterpenoids, work together to overcome various types of microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Allium sativum extract has been demonstrated in numerous studies to have strong antibacterial activity, indicating that it can be used as a natural remedy for oral health issues.
Penggunaan abutment bersudut sebagai alternatif pada implan gigi premolar
Authors: Indra Tjiptadi Reynaldo , Ariesanti Yessy
Published: November 2024

Background: Success and longevity of dental implant treatments depend on treatment planning to prosthetic selection. Expected force applied should be taken into consideration as it may affect prosthetic rehabilitation. Case Report: A 26-year-old male presented with a complaint of missing 2 lower right teeth and desired a permanent dental prosthesis. Dental implant treatment was done on the patient, but the implants placed were not parallel to one another. The restoration was done using a straight abutment and an angled abutment. Conclusion: Angled abutment can be used as an option other than straight abutment but screw loosening should be expected in the future as the force applied to the implant is higher in angled abutment.
Determinants of Unregistered Births Among Children Under Five in Indonesia
Authors:   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia, Purwatiningsih Yuni , Rizki Faisal Debri ,   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia, Masitoh Siti ,   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia, Dewi Lestyoningrum Sinta ,   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia, Suryati Warouw Tati ,   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia, Sulistiyowati Ning ,   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia, Irianto Joko ,   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia, Agung Nugroho Darojad Nurjono ,   Regional Development Planning and Research Agency, Brebes, Indonesia, Lustiani Ika ,   Salsabila Health Sciences College, Serang, Indonesia, Afifah Tin ,   Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: November 2024

Birth registration is a critical aspect of a child’s identity and an essential human right, facilitating access to education and health services. There is a need for evidence regarding the availability of information about children with unregistered birth status. This study aims to identify factors affecting unregistered births. It employed a cross-sectional study design using the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey data involving 16,555 children born to women of childbearing age. The dependent variable was birth registration status, whereas the independent variables covered characteristics of children, parents, and health services. Determinants of unregistered births were analyzed using logistic regression. The results of this study indicated that 81% of children under five have a birth registration document, 64% have a birth certificate, and 17% have a birth notification letter. Still, the rest are without it due to various reasons, including the high costs involved in arranging for a birth registration document, parents’ lack of awareness, and distance issues. The results further revealed the determinants of unregistered births, including low maternal education, extreme poverty, a lack of official marital status, residency in the eastern region of Indonesia, and childbirths outside health facilities without the assistance of health professionals. These findings highlight the need for strengthened collaboration among health facilities, the civil organization system, and public education services to raise awareness about the importance of birth registration.
Teologia Intercultural como Teologia Intermediária
Authors: Wrogemann Henning , De Bona Stahlhoefer Alexander
Published: November 2024

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the term intercultural theology has been gaining more and more traction. At the same time, the terms world Christianity and anthropology of Christianity have also become established. This article inquires into the profile of intercultural theology against the other two terms and defines the subject as in-between theology with Regard to such factors as audience, media, power, methodology, plurality, and connectivity. Looking forward, the author identifies current challenges and proposes that intercultural theology should be understood as a both descriptive and normative discipline, that the driving force behind it is the universal-missionary truth claim of the New Testament message of salvation, and that—as a subject with a primarily systematic orientation—it is committed to a comprehensive understanding of reality and theology.
Alta requisição do serviço de saúde em virtude da exacerbação do quadro sindrômico da hipertensão arterial sistêmica: uma proposta de intervenção
Authors: Menegassi Felipe Matteo Morais
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Construir um plano de ação capaz de minimizar os agravos em saúde encontrados, através de uma abordagem intervencionista em uma região de Brasília/DF. Pretende-se também intervir sobre o agravamento do quadro clínico em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Métodos: O estudo foi desenhado através de dados coletados entre os anos 2017 e 2023 nas bases de dados Pubmed, Google Scholar e Scielo. Foi definido o uso da matriz TUC para priorização dos problemas identificados na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Posteriormente, destacou-se o agravo de maior impacto e desenhou-se o instrumento Espinha de Peixe com consequente plano de intervenção. Resultados: As ações do plano de intervenção visam estabelecer medidas resolutivas para otimização do tratamento de pacientes hipertensos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que ainda há necessidade de otimização das medidas públicas voltadas à promoção em saúde, prevenção e terapêutica do agravo em saúde. Apesar do plano de intervenção proposto, não é possível vislumbrar melhorias sem a implementação de políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento da APS.
Increased caveolin 1 by human antigen R exacerbates Porphyromonas gingivali-induced atherosclerosis by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses
Authors: Miao Fang , Lei Yangyang , Guo Yunfei , Ma Yongxia , Zhang Ye , Jia Binbin
Published: November 2024

Objective:

Many different types of infectious oral diseases have been identified clinically, including chronic periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis is the main pathogen causing chronic periodontitis, which is closely related to atherosclerosis (AS) and can promote the expression levels of caveolin 1 (Cav-1) and induced ribonucleic acid (RNA)-binding protein human antigen R (HuR). However, the roles of Cav-1 and its relationship with HuR in P. gingivalis-mediated AS progression remain largely unknown. Here, we aimed to detect the role and molecular mechanisms of Cav-1 in P. gingivalis-mediated AS.

Material and Methods:

To investigate the role of Cav-1 in P. gingivalis-mediated AS, we infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with P. gingivalis at a multiplicity of infection of 100:1 for 6, 12, and 24 h to simulate P. gingivalis-induced AS models in vitro and then transfected them with Cav-1 small interfering RNA to silence Cav-1. Combining molecular biology experimental techniques such as cell counting kit-8 assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, Western blotting, and Oil Red O staining, and apolipoprotein E-deficient AS model mice, the impacts of Cav-1 on cell viability, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, Cav-1 and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels, and atherosclerotic plaque formation were investigated. Then, the relationship between Cav-1 and HuR was investigated through biotin pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot.

Results:

P. gingivalis can induce Cav-1 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). This effect can inhibit the proliferation of HUVECs (P < 0.05). Cav-1 interference repressed inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ICAM-1 levels, and apoptosis in the HUVECs (P < 0.05). Cav-1 messenger RNA was stabilized by HuR, which can bind to the 3’ untranslated region of Cav-1. Increase in HuR level reversed the effects of Cav-1 silencing on ROS and ICAM-1 levels and apoptosis in the HUVECs (P < 0.05). In addition, the levels of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and atherosclerotic plaque formation induced by P. gingivalis in the mouse model were significantly reduced after Cav-1 expression was inhibited (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

HuR-activated Cav-1 may promote atherosclerotic plaque formation by modulating inflammatory response and oxidative stress, leading to AS.
Effect of the COVID-19 vaccination on feto-maternal outcomes: A prospective cohort study among Indian pregnant women
Authors: Gandhi Aravind P. , Thakur JS , Gupta Madhu , Soundappan Kathirvel , Goel Kapil , Singh Gopal , Singh Tarundeep
Published: November 2024

Background & objectives

Studies on the effects of COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women in Asian settings, more specifically in India, are scarce. The present study evaluated the feto-maternal outcomes among Indian pregnant women who received the COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was undertaken among 430 pregnant women from two primary health centres (PHC) in Chandigarh, India during 2021-2022. The feto-maternal outcomes evaluated in the study included abortions, live birth/stillbirth, term/pre-term/post-term delivery, mode of delivery (normal vaginal/caesarean section/forceps), birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation.

Results

Of the 430 study participants, 295 pregnant women received COVID-19 vaccines, with an uptake rate of 68.6 per cent. Majority of vaccinated women (280- who completed the study) were in their second trimester (133, 47.5%), while 92 (32.9%) were in their third, and 55 (19.6%) were in their first trimester when they were enrolled in the study. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was significantly lower among the vaccinated pregnant women, while other feto-maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar between vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women.

Interpretation & conclusions

The findings of this study suggest COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women in India might be safe, in terms of feto-maternal outcomes
Evaluation of rate and severity of COVID-19 infection after vaccination in the age group of 18–25-year population: A questionnaire-based study
Authors: Nikam Dipali Shantaram , Dahivelkar SachinKumar Dattatray , Mali Shrikant
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

Covid-19 has been a challenging and challenging pandemic for mankind, with the introduction of the novel coronavirus, SARSCov-2, in late December 2019. Vaccination has proven to be a boon in these challenging times, with the study aiming to determine the efficacy of vaccination against the novel coronavirus in terms of the number of cases affected before and after vaccination and the severity of illness in post-vaccinated Covid-affected individuals. The study aims to learn from the lessons learned during this challenging period.

Material and Methods:

Students between age group of 18 to 25, from Nashik District, Maharashtra State, India, were the subject of a questionnaire-based study. Using Google Form, a survey was created.

Results:

It was found that vaccination has reduced the number of positive Covid 19 cases and we have seen a statistically significant decrease in the number of Covid-19-affected individuals.

Conclusion:

In the present study, we found that the severity is reduced and a smaller number of severe cases are seen after vaccination however the sample was small so this finding was not statically significant.
Patient-related perceptions and experience measures of non-surgical endodontic treatment – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Harshavardhan Lalam , Swapna Sannapureddy , Keerthana Laddagiri Nagamuni , Reddy Chennuru Sashibharath Kumar , Suneelkumar Chinni , Govula Kiranmayi , Lavanya Anumula
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

This study assessed the outpatients’ perceptions of non-surgical root canal treatment (RCT) and compared them with their post-treatment experiences.

Material and Methods:

Eighty participants were selected for this cross-sectional study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two surveys were conducted from October 01, 2023, to November 30, 2023 (Pretreatment survey) – one conducted before the RCT includes a survey about the patient’s past RCT experiences and demographics such as age, sex, and level of educational status. Multiple-choice questions were employed to determine patient concerns related to RCT, while modified visual analog scales (0–100) were used to assess pain and anxiety (Post-treatment survey) – done after the endodontic procedure with a root canal filling material. It outlines the patient’s experience, any discomfort experienced during treatment, the significance of tooth retention, and Re-RCT.

Results:

No difference was found in the demographic analysis. Out of the 80 participants, 33 participants (41.25%) presented with pretreatment anxiety, and 12 participants (15%) reported post-treatment. In the pretreatment survey, the primary concerns were pain and cost, which were reported at 27.55% and 10%, respectively. The post-treatment survey detailed that the time and the need for Re-RCT were the concerns, with reported rates of 11.25% and 10%, respectively. An absolute difference was found between anticipated and pre-operative pain and between experienced and pre-operative pain. However, no difference was found between anticipated and experienced pain 89% of the patients were willing to go for RCT again if needed.

Conclusion:

Treatment success is the goal for any dental procedure performed, which might be perceived differently by the patient and dentist. Consideration of patient perceptions and experiences, along with the dentist’s opinions, will help enhance endodontic treatment success.
Neuroepithelial cyst causing homonymous hemianopia treated through surgical marsupialization under visual-evoked potentials: A case report
Authors: Hernandez Lucas Miguel , Chisvo Nathan , Chan Abigail , O’Neill Kevin , Anichini Giulio
Published: November 2024

Background:

Neuroepithelial cysts (NECs) are rare entities, occasionally causing neurological symptoms that can be overlooked.

Case Description:

A case of an occipital neuroepithelial cyst is discussed. The initial presentation consisted of mild homonymous hemianopia and gait impairment. Conservative management was suggested to start with, but at 6 months follow-up, the patient’s symptoms were worsening. Surgery was performed under general anesthetic and using visual-evoked potentials. The cyst was marsupialized and connected with subdural space, and a few samples were sent for histological analysis. The patient experienced immediate improvement in her symptoms, and the visual tests at follow-up confirmed the resolution of the previously documented hemianopia.

Conclusion:

NECs should be carefully assessed to rule out symptoms associated with mass effects. This case and others reported in the international literature show that occipital neuroepithelial cysts can benefit from surgical treatment with meticulous preoperative planning. The aid of neuromonitoring is crucial to identify anatomical variations and cortical functionality that are potentially distorted in the presence of these lesions.
Endovascular treatment for posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm with vertebral artery stenosis: The critical role of diagnosing osteophyte compression
Authors: Isoda Masanori , Iida Yu , Akimoto Taisuke , Hori Satoshi , Suenaga Jun , Shimizu Nobuyuki , Nakai Yasunobu , Yamamoto Tetsuya
Published: November 2024

Background:

Vertebral artery (VA) stenosis can be caused by several factors, including arteriosclerosis, arterial dissection, and mechanical compression. Symptomatic vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by VA stenosis due to mechanical compression associated with head rotation is well-known as Bow Hunter’s syndrome. However, an accurate diagnosis of asymptomatic osteophyte compression-induced nonrotational VA stenosis is difficult. We report a case of left posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm with severe left VA stenosis, treated with stent-assisted coil embolization following appropriate diagnosis.

Case Description:

A 72-year-old female patient was found to have severe asymptomatic VA stenosis at the V2 segment (C4–5 level of the cervical spine) on cerebral angiography. Osteophyte compression-induced VA stenosis was suspected, which was confirmed by cone-beam computed tomography. The VA stenosis improved by flexing the neck and fixing the head position, following which the endovascular treatment was successfully completed.

Conclusion:

The site of the VA stenosis is critical in determining the etiology. Atherosclerotic VA stenosis often occurs at the origin of the artery or V4 segment, whereas bony compression-induced stenosis is more likely to occur at the V2 segment. Diagnosis and appropriate management of VA stenosis is based on determining the site.
REMOTE FUNCTIONAL RESULTS PATIENTS WITH MACULAR HOLE AND RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT SURGICAL TREATMENT WITH DIFFERENT VOLUMES OF PRESERVATION OF THE INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE ACCORDING TO MICROPERIMETRY DATA
Authors: Vaganova Е. Е. , Кonovalova К. I.
Published: November 2024

Rationale: Macular hole is a defect of the retina in the foveolar zone. In combination with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, this disease can lead to irreversible deterioration of visual functions and requires immediate surgical treatment. One of the trends in modern ophthalmic surgery is to increase the area of preservation of the internal limiting membrane during the macular hole blocking. Despite this, microperimetry data indicate the appearance of microscotomas at the point of peeling initiation and a general decrease in the photosensitivity of the retinal tissue in the membrane removal zone.

Objective: to analyze the dynamics of changes in the retinal functional parameters of patients with macular hole and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment according to microperimetry data after surgical treatment in the late postoperative period.

Methods: Data from 40 patients (40 eyes) diagnosed with macular hole and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were prospectively studied. Patients in group 1 (20 patients, 20 eyes) underwent surgical treatment, including three-port 25G vitrectomy, perfluoroorganic compound, vitreous body sanitation at the periphery, and silicone tamponade. Membrane peeling was performed during the second operation to remove silicone. Patients in group 2 underwent vitrectomy, membrane staining under the perfluorine layer, membrane peeling with closure of the macular hole with an inverted flap, vitreous body sanitation during the first intervention. The operation was also completed with silicone tamponade. During the second intervention, silicone oil was removed from the vitreous cavity.

Results: When comparing the light sensitivity index of the retinal tissue in the foveolar zone between the groups, a reliable difference in the indices by 1.2 times continued to persist up to one and a half years after the final stage of surgical treatment, there was a predominance of values in patients of the 1st group with a completely preserved membrane (p = 0.043 in comparison with the data of patients of the 2nd group). In three peripheral zones of the macula, during the long-term observation period up to one and a half years after surgery, the indices of patients of the 1st group prevailed by 1.5 times (p = 0.041 in comparison with the data of patients of the 2nd group).

Conclusion: based on the analysis of the dynamics of the functional indices of the retina of patients after surgical treatment of macular hole in combination with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, the refusal to perform membrane peeling on the detached retina during the first stage of surgical intervention allows to avoid aggressive mechanical trauma to the retinal tissue.
FIRST EXPERIENCE WITH COMBINED CYCLOPHOTOCOAGULATION TECHNIQUE USING TRANSILLUMINATION
Authors: Yakovlev R. A. , Gorbunova N. Yu. , Voskresenskaya A. A. , Pozdeyeva N. А.
Published: November 2024

Relevance: currently, micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation is widely used for the treatment of refractory glaucoma. It has a high safety profile and can be applied to eyes with high visual potential. Continuous-wave cyclophotocoagulation has a more pronounced hypotensive effect; however, it is accompanied by a significant number of complications. During transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, it is suggested to use a standard position for the sensor, though the position of the ciliary processes may vary.

Purpose: to analyze the effectiveness and safety of the combined cyclophotocoagulation technique using transillumination.

Materials and Methods: the study included 22 patients (22 eyes) who underwent combined cyclophotocoagulation with transillumination. The observation period was 6 months, with control examinations conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months. At each visit, refractokeratometry, visual acuity assessment, ultrasound examination (B-scan), tonometry using the Maklakov method were performed. There was one case of postoperative uveitis in the form of iridocyclitis

Results: after six months, intraocular pressure decreased by 45% from the baseline level-from 35.5 (34–38.5) mm Hg to 20 (20–21) mm Hg. The number of hypotensive therapy drops was also reduced-from 7 (5.75–7) to 4 (3.25–4) drops per day.

Conclusion: combined cyclophotocoagulation with transscleral transillumination demonstrated a stable hypotensive effect over 6 months, with no significant complications such as prolonged hypotony, phthisis bulbi, or persistent refractory uveitis, which are commonly seen with continuous-wave cyclophotocoagulation. Thus, this technique may become an effective alternative to standard methods of cyclophotocoagulation.
CLINICAL CASE OF CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF INFEROMEDIAL ORBITAL WALL FRACTURE
Authors: Radzko I. A. , Sidorenko O. E. , Razhko Yu. I. , Bobr T. V.
Published: November 2024

Justification. Orbital fractures are one of the most common injuries of the middle zone of the face, second only to damage to the bones of the nose in adults and the lower jaw in children. An increase in the frequency of facial skeletal injuries, the complexity of diagnosis, multidisciplinary interaction, ambiguity and the lack of uniform algorithms for the treatment and rehabilitation of such patients increase interest in studying the topic of orbital fractures, require improved approaches in diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: Demonstration of a clinical case of conservative management of an inferomedial orbital fracture.

Methods. While getting off the bus, the patient tripped and hit the left side of her face on the curb. She sought medical help. A diagnosis was made: Inferomedial orbital fracture, surgical treatment was proposed. The patient refused surgery. Conservative treatment was carried out.

Results. After 3 months from the moment of diagnosis, almost complete restoration of functions and absence of aesthetic deformation was achieved. Conclusions. The optimal treatment plan is often variable and depends on the clinical situation, extent of injury, and patient comfort level.