bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Training and education in Digital Psychiatry: a perspective from Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: Orsolini L. , Volpe U.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Digital mental health interventions and digital psychiatry have been rapidly implemented over the past decade, particularly with the intent to offer a cost-effective solution in those circumstances in which the current mental health services and infrastructure are not able to properly accommodate the patients’ needs. However, mental health workforce is often poorly theoretical/practical trained in digital psychiatry and in delivering remote consultations safely and effectively, not being common to own curricula-specific training requirements in digital psychiatry and skills.

Objectives

Our aim is evaluating the level of training, knowledge, experience and perception regarding the topic of digital psychiatry in a sample constituted by medical students, psychiatry trainees and early career psychiatrists from WHO South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions (APAC).

Methods

A web-based international cross-sectional survey was carried out to specifically investigating digita psychiatry in APAC regions.

Results

An overall lack of theoretical and/or practical training on new digital tools and digital health interventions in psychiatry has been observed. The level of training influences knowledge background, which, in turn, influences young professionals’ perceptions and opinions regarding digital psychiatry and interventions in mental health.

Conclusions

Implementing psychiatry training programs may significantly improve the level of knowledge and use of digital tools in mental healthcare. Moreover, mental health services and infrastructures should be properly adapted to the digital era, considering the overall weak and heterogeneous technical support and equipment, issues of internet connectivity and other administrative related challenges observed in APAC.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Exploring the Barriers to Discussing Unconscious Racial Bias in Psychiatry Trainees
Authors: Borges D. , Paris T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Racism is present in most aspects of our society, including healthcare. Differences in health outcomes, and in the quality of mental health treatment for people coming from ethnic minority groups have been demonstrated in the literature. Psychiatry trainees are required to understand the impact of structural inequalities and power differences within mental health services, and to be able to deliver clinical care that is equitable for all.

Objectives

To provide psychiatry trainees with a space to reflect on unconscious racial bias in clinical work and to explore potential barriers when talking about such topics.

Methods

A Race and Equality Reflective Group for psychiatry trainees was organised as an opportunity to discuss unconscious racial bias. Due to an insufficient number of registrations, the session was cancelled. An anonymous feedback questionnaire was sent to all trainees to understand reasons behind this, and to explore potential barriers to participation. The results were analysed and were brought back to a regular Balint group for further exploration.

Results

Twelve trainees filled in the questionnaire. The main themes identified included this topic being a sensitive issue (5; 41.7%), discomfort in trainees (5; 41.7%), insufficient time to participate (4; 33%) and timetable clash (3; 25.9%). Barriers to discussing unconscious racial bias and inequality were identified in further exploration with trainees. The tendency for groups to adopt a split position that was observed, mirrors the dynamics seen in institutional racism.

Conclusions

This work has highlighted the need for ongoing focused, facilitated educational spaces where these issues can be openly discussed and reflected upon.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Burnout among psychiatry residents in tunisia
Authors: Abdelkefi M. , Bouattour W. , Bouattour N. , Messedi N. , Charfeddine F. , Aribi L. , Aloulou J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Psychiatry residency training is a stressful transitional period for young doctors who are faced with challenging patients, increased clinical responsibility coupled with lack of clinical experience, and on-call obligations, leaving them at high risk of burnout.

Objectives

To assess the frequency of burnout among psychiatric trainees, and to identify factors associated with severe burnout.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey among psychiatry residents working in Tunisian hospitals. Participants completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to assess burnout.

Results

Forty residents completed the survey. The average age was 28.08 ± 2.433. The majority of the participants (87.5%) were females, 27.5% were married and 17.5% had kids. One fifth of the residents were smokers, 22.5 % used alcohol and 5% used cannabis. History of psychiatric disorder was reported by 35% of the participants (depression 15%, anxiety 17.5%, bipolar disorder 2.5%). Half of participants were first year residents and 75% had psychiatry as their first-choice specialty. The majority (72.5%) declared working in poor conditions. Overall, 37.5% of the participants met the criteria for severe burnout. Female gender and poor conditions of the workplace were significantly associated with burnout symptoms (p=0.007 and p=0.014 respectively).

Conclusions

Attention to burnout during residency is important, given the potential to implement preventive and management strategies on time for physicians’ to promote wellness and avoid severe consequences.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The Moderator Role Of Gender In The Relationship Between Behavioral Inhibition And Parental Behaviour In Preschool Children
Authors: Sulyok R.S. , Miklósi M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Preschool Behavioural Inhibition (BI) was found to be a temperamental risk factor of anxiety disorders in later life; especially in women. Similarly, previous research revealed that parental behaviour plays a major role in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Gender differences in parental responses to child’s temperament may contribute to the stronger association between BI and anxiety disorders in females.

Objectives

We aimed to examine the moderating effect of child’s gender in the association between child’s BI and parenting behaviour in a non-clinical sample of parents of preschool children.

Methods

A cross-sectional sample of parents (N=94) of preschool children (girls 47.4%) filled out the Behavioural Inhibition Questionnaire (BIQ) and the Multidimensional Assessment of Parenting Scale (MAPS).

Results

Child’s gender was found to moderate the relationships between BIQ scores and MAPS Supportive Parenting (F(3,90)=4.350, p=.007, R2=.127), as well as Hostile Parenting (F(3,89)=3.478, p=.019, R2=.105). In boys, higher BIQ scores were associated with higher levels of Supporting Parenting (b=.005, p=.027), while in girls this association was reversed (b=-.004, p=.037). Furthermore, in boys, no association was found between BIQ scores and Hostile Parenting (b=.005, p=.835); however, higher BIQ scores were related to higher levels of Hostile Parenting in girls (b=.067, p<.001).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that parental responses to their preschool child’s Behavioural Inhibition may vary as a function of child’s gender. This may lead to gender differences in developmental pathways to anxiety disorders.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Is the disparity in perinatal mental health services dependent on race? A narrative review. “A race to access”
Authors: Awolesi T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Today the maternal death of black women is four times than the maternal death of white women. A lot has been written about the physical health of black women during pregnancy and childbirth however the perinatal mental health of this group of women is less well researched. I wanted to investigate if black and ethnic minority women in the UK had the same access to perinatal mental health services.

Objectives

To explore how the access to perinatal mental health services vary between white British and non-white British women.

Methods

A literature review was conducted. Papers were selected based on their focus on perinatal mental health service access and differences in access based on ethnicities. Most research focused on the perinatal mental health service access of white British and non-white British groups of women.

Results

The literature review revealed that black African, Asian and minority white women had significantly lower access to community perinatal mental health services when compared to white British women. It was also found that that black African, Asian and minority White women had a higher percentage of involuntary admissions to psychiatric hospitals when compared to white British women.

Conclusions

The literature would suggest that there is less access to perinatal mental health for non-white British women. This suggested that the disparities that exist within perinatal physical health extend into perinatal maternal health.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Gender Dysphoria and Mental Health
Authors: Barbosa Pinto M. , Tavares F. , Viseu M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Gender dysphoria is characterized by a mismatch between the biological sex and gender identity of a person, frequently associated to distress or discomfort. Many transgender people will seek professional help to obtain a congruence between the gender identity and the body.

Objectives

Brief review of the literature in the field of mental health and gender dysphoria.

Methods

Review of the literature, through research in the PubMed database, using the following keywords: “gender dysphoria”, “mental health”, “psychiatric disorders”.

Results

Although the true prevalence of gender dysphoria (GD) is unknown, several studies indicated that the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in this population is elevated. In comparison with the general population, persons with GD have higher rates of depressive symptoms (64.5%), suicidality (42.9%), substance use disorders (40.2%), general distress (33.8%), anxiety (25.9%), discrimination, and stigma, that contribute to mental health problems. Even though, we cannot reach firm conclusions due to the lack of controlled studies exploring psychiatric disorders on GD people versus controls. An interdisciplinary approach to the health and well-being of this population is highly recommended. Social support, community connectedness, and effective coping strategies appear beneficial.

Conclusions

Individuals with GD have higher rates of psychiatric disorders and social stressors. Healthcare professionals should have a basic understanding on GD. Management should be individualized and may involve a multidisciplinary team. It would be important to have access to more controlled studies in order to achieve a better characterization of the prevalence of mental health disorders in this population.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Burden level among parents of children with epilepsy
Authors: Guermazi A. , Charfi N. , Mnif M. , Zouari A. , Bouchaala W. , Ben Ncir S. , Kammoun F. , Maalej M. , Triki C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Family caregiving role of children with epilepsy involves managing the daily lives of these children with disabilities. This can lead to impaired physical and psychological health of the caregiver.

Objectives

To assess the level of burden among caregivers of children with epilepsy and to determine the factors associated with it.

Methods

It was a descriptive and analytical survey. It involved the caregivers of children with epilepsy who were admitted to the pediatric neurology department at the Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax during the period from July to October 2020. We used the 12-item Zarit (ZBI-12), the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the “BECK” Depression Inventory (BDI-13) to assess caregiver burden, anxiety and depression respectively.

Results

Forty-four caregivers participated in the survey. Their average age was 36 years and their relationship with patient was mother in 93.2% of cases. Among 44 children with epilepsy, 56.8% were boys and 34.1% were schooled. They had psychiatric comorbidity in 15.9% of cases. According to the ZBI scale, the level of burden was high in 45.5% of cases. The total ZBI score was significantly higher among caregivers with primary school level (p=0.05) and those with somatic disease (p=0.004). It was not correlated with the presence of child’s dependence on the others (p=0.20). High levels of depression, anxiety-state, and anxiety-trait among caregivers were correlated with the level of burden (p 0.000; 0.000 and 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

Being a caregiver of a child with epilepsy is a burdensome circumstance. Hence the importance of offering psychological assistance for these caregivers.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Reviewing the complex link between puerperium and psychosis: a case report
Authors: Herrero Pellón E. , Albarracin P. , Huete Naval M. , Galerón R. , García Recio A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

We present the case of a 23-year old woman with a history of two hospitalizations in the psychiatric ward of our hospital in the last 8 months. Prior to this age our patient had not required assistance from mental health professionals. The wide variety of symptoms shown by the patient included auditive hallucinations and persecution delusions that led to behavioral alteration and depressive symptoms.

Objectives

To present a case report of a puerperal psychosis and to review the different kind of psyquiatric disorders that may arise in the puerperium.

Methods

Literature review of scientific papers over the last years and classic textbooks on the issue. We included references in English and Spanish languages.

Results

During pregnancy and the puerperium there are biochemical, hormonal, psychological and social changes that cause a vulnerability in women for the appearance of mental disorders. The differential diagnosis of puerperal psychoses must first be made with organic diseases. Once this has been discarded, several studies indicate that there is a high probability that after the onset of puerperal psychosis a cyclical mood disorder is found.

Conclusions

- One of the main characteristics of puerperal psychoses is the great variety of its symptomatic manifestations. They can present characteristics of both mood disorders and schizophreniform disorders. - Deep confusion and delusions are often the most prominent symptoms of psychosis in the puerperal period.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical and psychopathological profile of Tunisian Women victims of domestic violence
Authors: Jbir R. , Aribi L. , Abid W. , Jbir I. , Bouattour W. , Ellouze S. , Aloulou J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Partner violence is a serious public health problem.International studies have well-explored the psychological aspects of domestic violence, but few explored the clinical profile of women victims of violence

Objectives

To define the clinical and psychopathological profile of women victims of domestic violence

Methods

We contacted 75 women who consulted at the psychiatric emergency of ‘HediChaker hospital’Sfax -Tunisia whowhere consulting in the context of medical expertise for domestic violence, on the period between May until October 2021 An anonymous survey was asked to these ladies

Results

The age oscillates between 18 and 64 years 86.7% of the participants were married for the first time, and 24% had at least one child. In 48% of the cases, the victims and their partners had an average socio-economic level. 66.7% don’t have a job. 6.7 % had toxic habits: 5.3% were smoking 22.7% had psychiatric follow: 14.3% for depressive disorder, 7% for bipolar disorder and 1.4% for anxiety Following a physical assault by the spouse, 37.3% of women consulted medical emergency and 21.3% consulted psychiatric emergency. The prevalence of potentially traumatic life events was 29.3%:16% were victim of parental violence and 13.3% suffered from sexual abuse.

Conclusions

This study shows that the prevalenceof domestic violence is higher among young working women. This work underlines also the necessity of a systematic screening of different aspects of violence in emergency medical or psychiatric servicesin order to provide for these ladies the necessary psychological support

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence And Attitude Towards Peer’s Success And Failure In Adolescence And Youth
Authors: Chernus N. , Serdakova A. , Karabanova O. , Korosteleva N. , Kurdyukova N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The problems of the attitude to success and failure are relevant at the present time.

Objectives

study allows to describe and compare the indicators of emotional intelligence and the types of attitudes toward success and failure of a peer in adolescence and youth

Methods

110 students and 90 teenagers were studied. T.V. Beskova’s methods “Attitude to the success and/or failure of a peer” in adolescence and adolescence (adapted technique by T.V. Beskova), N. Hall’s method of evaluating “emotional intelligence” (EQ questionnaire).

Results

The “Relationship to Peer Success and Failure” methodology showed differences between adolescence and adolescence in scales: “peer joy” U = 0.016 (p≤0,05), “desire to achieve the same” U = 0.008 (p≤0,01), U = 0.027 “envy” (p≤0,05) and “passive” U = 0.006 (p≤0,01). The EQ questionnaire showed statistically significant differences in scales as “managing one’s emotions” U = 0.007 (p≤0,01), “self-motivation” U = 0.006 (p≤0,01). There are age differences in the types of attitudes to peer success and failure and the specifics of emotional intelligence in older adolescence and adolescence. Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r = 0.48) there is a relationship between the type of relationship to peer success and failure and emotional intelligence in adolescence and adolescence

Conclusions

Thus, the study showed the features of personal factors in relation to the success and failure of a peer in adolescence and adolescence.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Blue Bonds - Antidepressant use during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Fonseca Vaz I. , Mouta S. , Jesus B. , Castro S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Epidemiological studies suggested that antidepressant usage amongst pregnant women increased by 3-
to 7-fold in the past 2 decades and that up to 13% of fetuses are exposed to antidepressants. There are concerns regarding the impact of prenatal antidepressant use on the offspring.

Objectives

We aim to review more recent evidence of antidepressant use during pregnancy and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the offspring.

Methods

Non-systematic review based on the PubMed® database.

Results

A recent meta-analyses suggested children of mothers who used antidepressants during their pregnancy may be at a higher risk of ASD, compared to mothers who do not use these medications. Other suggested that the use of any antidepressants in the first 2 trimesters was related to significantly risk of developing ASD. Despite higher risks with the use of antidepressants, the absolute risk appears to be low. In addition, confounding factors should be considered while interpreting the results. Studies concluded that the comparator group selection strongly influences the observed antidepressant-ASD relationship. Associations derived from general population studies might have been mediated by unmeasured maternal psychiatric burden or transdiagnostic genetic liability. The observed increase in risk may also be associated with depression, not its treatment.

Conclusions

The findings of these studies have important implications, and often result in drug discontinuation with a significant impact on maternal and infant health. Future research should include investigation of the severity of depression in this association, assessment of antidepressant dose and use of antidepressants in pregnant women with other pathologies.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Self-esteem in women experienced intimate partner violence : a tunisian cross-sectional study
Authors: Safa K. , Hentati S. , Bouhamed M. , Syrine B.C. , Baati I. , Masmoudi J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and psychological distress are major public health concerns among emerging adult women.

Objectives

To study the self-esteem of women victims of domestic violence and to determine its associated factors .

Methods

This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at the National Health Fund of Sfax among women who consulted during the months of October and November 2019. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the consultants were collected using a pre-established form. Women’s Experience with Battering Scale” (WEBS) was used to screen (IPV). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), was used for evaluating individual self-esteem. It uses a scale of 0–4 where a score less than 25 may indicate a problematic very low self esteem.

Results

The sample comprised 110 women. More than half (66.7%) of women had a primary school level and 69% had a median socioeconomic level. (IPV) was estimated at 57.3% in our population. The mean (WEBS) score was 30.92(SD=9.8) and the mean (RSE) score was 31.26 (SD=3.5) among abused women self-esteem was very low in15.5% and low in 42.7% Abused women were more likely to have a low self-esteem (r= -0.528 ;p=0.012) The score of self-esteem decreased with age (r=-0.685 p=0.0001) and previous history of violence(p=0.04).

Conclusions

The findings suggests that Women who experienced (IPV) were more likely to have a low self-esteem. Therefore, the role of the physician is essential not only in the care of the victims but also in the detection of psychological repercussions.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Women’s mental health during the COVID 19 pandemic and the problem of domestic violence in a lockdown situation
Authors: Kachaeva M. , Semenova N. , Shport S. , Vasyanina V. , Shishkina O. , Skibina N. , Nazarova L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The current situation caused by restrictive measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic provokes the high level of aggressiveness and all forms of domestic violence. These results in mental health problems.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to find out the consequences of domestic violence against women and to identify psychological problems and mental disorders in women.

Methods

A cohort of 18 females was examined by psychiatrists and psychologists. All women turned to specialists at the Moscow Institute of Psychiatry for help.

Results

All women were victims of violence by their husbands and partners. Lockdown situation associated with COVID 19 pandemic has exacerbated the problem of domestic violence. Clinical assessment has revealed different depressive symptoms, anxiety, fear, suicidal tendencies forming the clinical picture of adjustment disorder (2 cases), acute reaction to stress (3 cases), post-traumatic stress disorder (2 cases), depressive episode (8 cases), eating disorders behavior in the form of bulimia and anorexia (3 cases).

Conclusions

The research has revealed that domestic abuse against women associated with lockdown situation during the COVID 19 pandemic often results in psychological and long-term mental health problems. In these cases, prevention is needed to combat violence against women with the participation of public health specialists, psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The impact of sexual hormones on depressive symptoms and alcohol use in a woman with delusional disorder at the perimenopausal stage: case report and review of recent works
Authors: Fucho G.F. , Delgado L. , González-Rodríguez A. , Guàrdia A. , Álvarez A. , Crivillés S. , Barbero J.D. , Monreal J.A. , Labad J. , Palao Vidal D.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The influence of sexual hormones on mental disorders have been extensively reported. In fact, recent studies suggest that sex hormones may play a relevant role in the pathophysiology of psychosis, may be a precipitant when exogenously administered or even be used as a treatment agent of psychotic disorders.

Objectives

To describe the case of a patient with a recent diagnosis of delusional disorder (DD) with an onset in the perimenopausal period.

Methods

Case report and narrative review focused on the impact of sexual hormones on depressive symptoms and alcohol use comorbidity during perimenopause in DD women by using PubMed database.

Results

Case report: A 48-year-old woman diagnosed with DD. The clinical assessment of climacteric symptoms, as well as the gonadotropins (elevated levels of follicle-stimulating hormone -FSH- and luteinizing hormone -LH-) and estrogen levels monitoring (variations on 17-β-estradiol -E2-) enabled to link the endocrine changes with the onset and course of the psychiatric disorder. During the development of the disease, the patient also presented comorbid depressive symptoms and alcohol use disorder. Review: Estrogen depletion seems to increase the risk of psychosis, while scientific literature is not conclusive in establishing a definitive relationship between depressive symptoms and hormonal imbalance in DD. Alcohol use disorder is a common comorbidity in both perimenopausal women and patients with DD.

Conclusions

Multiaxial management of the case helped clinicians to achieve clinical stabilization. Sex differences as well as hormonal pattern disturbances should receive special attention due to the seminal implications in pharmacotherapy and clinical outcomes.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Gender disparities in a psychiatric department in Tunisia
Authors: Bergaoui E. , Zrelli M. , Staali N. , Moalla M. , Lansari R. , Larnaout A. , Melki W.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Gender disparities exist regarding prevalence, symptomatology and risk factors of mental disorders. In Tunisia, there is only one hospital dedicated entirely to mental health which is Razi hospital.

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to assess gender based mental health disparities in a psychiatric department and its related factors.

Methods

A cross sectional and comparative survey was conducted between March and April 2021 in the department of psychiatry D of Razi Hospital including 70 patients with a sex ratio= 1.

Results

The participants were aged between 17 and 68. Men had higher rate of celibacy: 80% of men against 48.57% of women (p=0.009). A total of 11.42% of women were illiterate against 2.85% of men, 48% of men were unemployed against 62.85% of women. There was a significant difference between gender and use of cigarettes, cannabis and alcohol (p<0.001). The diagnosis was mood disorders for 35.42% of women and 17.14% of men and schizophrenia for 57.14% of women and 77.14% of men. Gender and modality of hospitalization were significantly associated (p=0.046): 14% of women were involuntary hospitalized against 40% of men. Time between symptoms onset and consulting is 3.5 years (±5.67) for women and 1.77 (±4.75) for men. The mean number of admissions for women is 1.59 and for men 4.2 (p=0.009).

Conclusions

Onset of mental disorders for women is 3 to 4 years later than men. They have better premorbid functionning and better social networks.Gender disparities are not only determined biologically but also socially.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Simultaneous study of behavioral synchronization of two individuals during a cooperative task
Authors: Kakuszi B. , Fullajtar M. , Bitter I. , Czobor P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Interpersonally coordinated behaviors are crucial for social interactions.The “Theory of Mind,” or mentalization capacity, of an individual is essential for the establishment of behavioral synchronization. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) is used to assess mentalization, social cognition and empathy. Previous RMET studies, investigated people in isolation, not in social situations. It is unclear how the RMET predicts functioning during real-life social interactions.

Objectives

To investigate the relationship between the performance measured on the RMET test and the synchronous behavior of two individuals interacting with each other during tasks requiring social collaboration.

Methods

Sample included healthy controls (HC,n=48) and patients with ADHD (n=26) or schizophrenia (SCH,n=36) from an ongoing EEG-hyperscanning study, employing a social coordination condition.We applied a Go/NoGo reaction time(RT) task performed by pairs of participants. Synchronous behavior was characterized by the correlation of participants’ RTs.We used the percent (%) correct responses from the RMET to characterize social cognition.

Results

In HC, with better social cognitive performance, the correlation of behavioral responses was significantly (p<0.05) higher. In ADHD, better performance on the RMET was also accompanied by better behavioral synchronization, but the association did not reach significance due to the smaller sample size. In SCH, no relationship was detected.

Conclusions

In HC and ADHD, the mentalization ability as measured by RMET is associated with the behavioral synchronization between individuals in social interaction.The lack of association in the schizophrenia group may be due to psychopathological symptoms, which should be elucidated in future research. Funding: Supported by the Hungarian Brain Research program#2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-0002

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Parents’ experience in the Ronald McDonald Houses
Authors: Cosquer M. , Jousselme C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Child hospitalization is a difficult event in the life for the whole family, probably worst for families coming from far away, specially for accommodation. Ronald McDonald Houses (RMH) created in the immediate proximity of pediatric departments of hospitals, allows hospitalized children to benefit from the presence of his family nearby. The hypothesis that the family is stronger when it is grouped together (the “family-centered-care” concept) remains difficult to demonstrate (Cochrane, 2012). In France, there is no study describing the interest of such places, and families experiences.

Objectives

Our objectives are to describe the experience of parents in French RMH.

Methods

A cross-sectional study conducted between February and April 2016, invited 50 families to participate in the 9 French RMH, by feeling an anonymous questionnaire (socio-demographic characteristics, items related to hospitalization, anxiety and depression scale -HADS, conditions of stay at the house). Descriptive statistics presented mothers and fathers experience.

Results

Parents of 333 hospitalized child participated : 320 mothers, 246 fathers. 44.1% of child were aged less than one year. Services more represented were : intensive care unit, oncology and neonatal. Parents were socially rather disadvantaged, living mainly in couples, with an estimated mean home-hospital time of 2 hours. They reported financial problems (>40%), sleep deprivation (>1.5 hours), and anxiety-depressive disorders: anxiety (>50%) and depression (>20%). Satisfaction staying in the house was extremely high (>95%).

Conclusions

We observe an undeniable added value of the RMH in the care. Nevertheless, the high level of psychological suffering shows the importance of offering help at the psycho-social level.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Motor learning principles in the service of speech disorders
Authors: Vashdi E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) was declared as a motor speech disorder by ASHA (2007). Yet, until then it was mainly addressed as a phonological disorder and until these days, 14 years later, the treatment of CAS is yet to be motor based worldwide. Professionals finds it hard to diagnose it clearly due to comorbidity with communication and language disorders.

Objectives

This non clarity might lead to non-accurate treatment since the essence of the syndrome is not addressed. An accurate treatment will integrate knowledge from several domains: communication, Language, Sensory, behavioural, emotional, cognitive and, the most important one for CAS, motor learning.

Methods

Motor learning is an area of knowledge which is learnt usually in sport academy, while Its main practical purpose is to improve training methods in sport. The use of motor learning knowledge doesn’t belong to the world of sport primarily but rather to the world of movement wherever it exists. One of the fascinating areas of movement is speech.

Results

Speech in its basic form is motor based, before it being used as a motor tool for language and communication. It is the most complicated motor task in the human body since for every syllable we activate directly and indirectly over 100 muscles. The children who can’t acquire speech spontaneously due to severe deficit in motor planning, need to practice motor speech tasks repeatedly and accurately.

Conclusions

This lecture will present the use of 20 motor learning principles in the speech treatment via the VML method

Disclosure

I am the founder of the VML method while teaching it in various countries
Prevalence of cognitive impairment and its association with clinical variables among Patients with Mood Disorders
Authors: Nahar S. , Khan M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Mood disorders are common psychiatric illnesses with major disability and mortality and it is estimated that 8% to 20% of the population experience a depressive episode at some point in their lives.

Objectives

To find out the prevalence of cognitive impairment among patients with Mood Disorders i.e, Major Depressive Disorder
(MDD) and Bipolar Mood Disorder (BMD), etc. and to find out the status of cognitive impairment with clinical variables of Mood Disorders.

Methods

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among the patients attending both the inpatient and outpatient departments of the National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka. The duration of the study was fourteen months starting from July 2011 to September 2012. A total of one hundred and thirty-three (n=133) patients who fulfilled the inclusion-exclusion criteria were selected.

Results

The mean age of onset of mood disorder was 30.1± 10.7years.60.2% were male and 39.8% were female respondents. Cognitive impairment was found among 43.6% of the respondents. A substantial proportion of the study population was found to have cognitive impairment. In this study, the cognitive status of the respondents was not associated with the duration of illness (p>0.5).

Conclusions

So assessment of cognitive status should be an essential part of the management of this group of people.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mental health treatments in an Italian prison: the Parma integrated approach
Authors: Pelizza L. , Maestri D. , Paulillo G. , Pellegrini P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Mental health interventions for Italian (and European) prisoners with mental disorders remain a problematic issue, despite radical changes in general psychiatric care and a 2008 major government reform transferring mental health care in prison to the National Health Service. Indeed, according to the American Psychological Association, 64% of incarcerated individuals report mental health concerns.

Objectives

The aim of this study is to describe the mental health intervention model implemented since January 2020 for prisoners allocated in the Parma Penitentiary Institutes (PPI). This approach is specifically based on specialized, “person-centered” and “person-tailored” therapeutic-rehabilitation plans in line with psychiatric treatments usually provided in community mental health-care centers of the Parma Department of Mental Health.

Methods

All the processes and procedures included in the PPI intervention model were first carefully described, paying special attention to the service for newly admitted prisoners and each typology of specialized therapeutic-rehabilitation treatment potentially provided. Additionally, a preliminary descriptive process analysis of the first six months of clinical activity was also performed.

Results

Since January 2020, 178 individuals entered the PPI service for newly admitted prisoners. In total, 83 (46.7%) of them were engaged in the services of the PPI mental health-care team (35 with pathological addiction and 48 with mental disorders): 56 prisoners were offered an integrated mental health intervention and 27 exclusively an individual psychological or psychiatric treatment.

Conclusions

The results support the potential applicability of an integrated mental health intervention in prison, planning a person-tailored rehabilitation in close collaboration with the prisoners, their families and the local mental health/social services.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Two of us live in this body
Authors: Palomo Monge M. , Pérez Fominaya M. , López Rodrigo M.V. , Osca Oliver A. , Tascón Guerra M.F. , García Montero C. , Ros Font V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The dissociative disorders are characterized by a disruption of and/or discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior.

Objectives

We present the case of a 22-year-old patient, who has been following up for just over a year. The patient refers that two people inhabit her body, talk to each other, exchange opinions and both have control over the body, one giving the turn to the other depending on the circumstances. To this is added delusional symptoms of grandeur and sensorial-perceptual symptoms. In turn, depressive symptoms have appeared that have led the patient to have several suicide attempts throughout the follow-up
time.

Methods

During this time, the patient has required hospital admission on two occasions due to the autolytic ideation. Treatment with neuroleptics and antidepressants has been established that have helped control delusions and thoughts of death, but not the dissociative clinic.

Results

Dissociative Identity disorder 300.14 (F44.81)

Conclusions

The different symptoms presented by the patient, as well as the social and occupational deterioration that he presents, make this an extremely complicated case, both in diagnosis and in treatment. Dissociative identity disorder has been very controversial, changing its diagnostic criteria over time. More studies are needed and perhaps future research can give us more clues about this disorder.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The effect of childhood trauma and trauma-focused psychotherapy on blood expression of MED22 in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Minelli A. , Maffioletti E. , Carvalho Silva R. , Cattaneo A. , Perusi G. , Bortolomasi M. , Gennarelli M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The only available genome-wide study (Minelli et al., 2018) indicated an association between the neglect CT and MED22, a transcriptional factor gene.

Objectives

To verify how the dysregulation of MED22 could be affected by environmental and genetic factors, we carried out an analysis on these components and a longitudinal study concerning the effect of trauma-focused psychotherapy in MDD patients that experienced CT.

Methods

On a large mRNA sequencing dataset including 368 MDD patients we computed the genetic (GReX) and the environmental (EReX) components affecting gene expression in relation to CT. Furthermore, we measured the expression of MED22 in 22 MDD patients treated with trauma-focused psychotherapy.

Results

The dissection of MED22 expression profiles revealed an association of neglect with environmental and genetic components (p=6x10-3 p=2.6x10-4). Furthermore, in an independent cohort of 177 controls, we also observed a significant association between cis-eSNPs of MED22 and higher neuroticism scores (best p-value: 0.00848) that are usually associated with a decreased amount of resilience to stress events. Finally, the results of psychotherapy revealed a reduction of depressive symptomatology (p<0.001) and 73% of patients resulted responders at the follow-up visit. MED22 expression during psychotherapy showed a change trend (p=0.057) with an interaction effect with response (p=0.035). Responder and non-responder patients showed MED22 expression differences at different trauma-focused psychotherapy timepoints (p=0.15; p=0.012) and at the follow-up (p=0.021).

Conclusions

Our results provide insights suggesting that some biological and clinical consequences of CT depend on genetic background and environmental factors that could induce vulnerability or resilience to stressful life events.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Possible Therapeutics Effects of Ayahuasca, a Psychedelic Compound
Authors: Silva L. , Bravo L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Ayahuasca is an hallucinogenic tea prepared from the Amazonian vine Banisteriopsis caapi and the leaves of the plant Psychotria Viridis. Banisteriopsis caapi contains monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO) that render the N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) of Psychotria Viridis active. This brew is being used as a sacrament in syncretic religions in urban areas of Brazil and worldwide with the purpose of enabling a spiritual experience as well as healing for a variety of conditions such as drug addiction, depression and anxiety disorders.

Objectives

This work aims to provide an understanding on the potential benefits of ayahuasca in psychiatric symptoms, as well as its neuropsychological functioning, neuroimaging and adverse events.

Methods

A non-systematic review was performed on PubMed database and Google Scholar, using the key words “Ayahuasca, Drug Addiction, Psychedelics, DMT, Neuroplasticity”. The review included experimental studies in humans, observational studies, systemic review articles and clinical trials.

Results

In a randomized placebo-controlled trial, ayahuasca had a significant antidepressant effect when compared to the placebo group. Long term ayahuasca usage was associated with structural alterations in the medial parts of the brain with no evidence of increased psychopathology or worse neuropsychological functioning. According to reviewed studies the incident of prolonged psychotic reaction among ayahuasca users is rare and the causal relation with ayahuasca is sometimes difficult to establish.

Conclusions

Despite the promising results, more controlled double-blinded studies with larger populations are necessary to better understand the therapeutic potentials and side effects of ayahuasca.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Body Self-Perception and Sense of Agency: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Danilo S. , Virdia L. , Rogier G. , Beomonte Zobel S. , Cavalli R. , Civilla C. , Velotti P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The sense of agency concerns the experience of controlling our actions, referring both to superior and lower levels of psychological functioning that are also related to the physical dimension of agency. Diverse clinical conditions affect the awareness of being a bodily and agentive self.

Objectives

The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between individual sense of agency and body perception.

Methods

PsycINFO, Psycharticle, Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched for articles published until 19/10/2020.

Results

After removing duplicates, a total of 2.556 records was screened. Fifteen articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria fixed for the systematic review.

Conclusions

In the last decades, this line of research seems to attract a growing number of studies.

However, these studies are affected by a great heterogeneity in the investigation of both constructs.

Body perception and sense agency were operationalized across research in diverse ways, making the evaluation of the relationship between them very difficult. In addition, there is a paucity of studies investigating the relationship between body perception and agency among individuals suffering from specific psychopathology or physical diseases. According to literature review, the main objective for future research is to develop more robust approaches to estimate the variability of these constructs such as their relationship.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Paroxetine-induced galactorrhea
Authors: Petrykiv S. , Arts M. , De Jonge L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Antidepressant-induced galactorrhea and increases in prolactin levels have been sporadically reported among SSRI-related side effects.

Objectives

Current rapport presents a case of 39 y.o. female who developed several adverse effects on paroxetine - including galactorrhoea - which improved on discontinuation of the drug.

Methods

Case discussion of 39-year old woman who was treated with paroxetine for her panic disorder and developed galactorrhoea with hyperprolactinemia that resolved upon discontinuation of the drug. Additionally, authors performed the literature search using PubMed and Embase to review the similar cases and used PDSP Database to assess the latest pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of paroxetine and other SSRI’s.

Results

Literature review (1966–2020) revealed 24 prior published case reports of SSRI-induced galactorrhea in users of paroxetine (n=4), escitalopram (n=4), sertraline (n=2), citalopram (n=2), fluoxetine (n=3), fluvoxamine (n=2) and other non-assessable reports (n=7). Elevated prolactin levels were mostly observed with paroxetine and escitalopram and rarely with fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and sertraline. PD-assessment showed the highest binding affinity of paroxetine and escitalopram to SERT (kPi = 0.07-0.2 and 0.8-1.1 nmol/L respectively) compared to other SSRI’s, in absence of other relevant PD-properties

Conclusions

Increasing body of evidence shows that galactorrhea does occur among paroxetine female users. Pharmacodynamic mechanism of action is poorly understood but given the modern insights in relationship in serotonin and dopamine circuits, we suggest that strong SERT inhibitory properties of paroxetine might lead to a tonic suppressive influence on dopamine neurotransmission. This physiological link may explain an increase in prolactin levels through dopamine depletion in the tuberoinfundibular pathway.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.