bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emplacement and High‐Temperature Evolution of Gabbros of the 16.5°N Oceanic Core Complexes (Mid‐Atlantic Ridge): Insights Into the Compositional Variability of the Lower Oceanic Crust
Authors: Sanfilippo A. , Dick H. J. B. , Marschall H. R. , Lissenberg C. J. , Urann B.
Published: December 2018

This study reports the composition of the oceanic crust from the 16.5°N region of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, a spreading ridge segment characterized by a complex detachment fault system and three main oceanic core complexes (southern, central, and northern OCCs). Lithologies recovered from the core complexes include both greenschist facies and weathered pillow basalt, diabase, peridotite, and gabbro, while only weathered and fresh pillow basalt was dredged from the rift valley floor. The gabbros are compositionally bimodal, with the magmatic crust in the region formed by scattered intrusions of chemically primitive plutonic rocks (i.e., dunites and troctolites), associated with evolved oxide‐bearing gabbros. We use thermodynamic models to infer that this distribution is expected in regions where small gabbroic bodies are intruded into mantle peridotites. The occurrence of ephemeral magma chambers located in the lithospheric mantle enables large proportions of the melt to be erupted after relatively low degrees of fractionation. A large proportion of the dredged gabbros reveal evidence for deformation at high‐temperature conditions. In particular, chemical changes in response to deformation and the occurrence of very high‐temperature ultramylonites (>1000 °C) suggest that the deformation related to the oceanic detachment commenced at near‐solidus conditions. This event was likely associated with the expulsion of interstitial, evolved magmas from the crystal mush, a mechanism that enhanced the formation of disconnected oxide‐gabbro seams or layers often associated with crystal‐plastic fabrics in the host gabbros. This granulite‐grade event was soon followed by hydrothermal alteration revealed by the formation of amphibole‐rich veins at high‐temperature conditions (~900 °C).
Geographic Attribution of Soils Using Probabilistic Modeling of GIS Data for Forensic Search Efforts
Authors: Stern Libby A. , Webb Jodi B. , Willard Debra A. , Bernhardt Christopher E. , Korejwo David A. , Bottrell Maureen C. , McMahon Garrett B. , McMillan Nancy J. , Schuetter Jared M. , Hietpas Jack
Published: December 2018

Examinations of soil traces associated with forensic evidence can be used to narrow potential source area(s) by characterizing features of the trace soil assemblage, some of which are limited to specific regions. Soil characteristics may be used to infer the likelihoods of the soil trace being derived from distinct areas within digital maps, including both maps of discrete classes such as formations on geologic maps and land cover, and continuous geospatial data, such as distance from a point source. Seldom do digital maps precisely represent the observable characteristics in a soil trace. Nevertheless, logical assigned likelihoods based on the correspondence between the mapped characteristics and the observed soil particulate assemblage permit creation of a model of the more probable sources of the soil trace. This approach is applied to a 2003 case in which forensic soil samples derived from digging tools were characterized for investigative leads and to narrow the search area of a clandestine grave. This grave site was located in 2005. The suspect traveled approximately 5,000 km before arrest, so narrowing the prioritized search area for law enforcement would be beneficial. Soil examination and case circumstances were used to assign relative likelihoods within digital maps (GIS or Geographic Information Systems data) of geology, soil mineralogy, plant distributions, power plant locations, and proximity to the known travel path. The product of these individual probability maps generates joint probability models to narrow the recommended search area. The digital model output can be easily overlaid on infrastructure maps to aid law enforcement searches.
The Cold Transit of Southern Ocean Upwelling
Authors: Evans Dafydd Gwyn , Zika Jan D. , Naveira Garabato Alberto C. , Nurser A. J. George
Published: December 2018

The upwelling of deep waters in the Southern Ocean is a critical component of the climate system. The time and zonal mean dynamics of this circulation describe the upwelling of Circumpolar Deep Water and the downwelling of Antarctic Intermediate Water. The thermodynamic drivers of the circulation and their seasonal cycle play a potentially key regulatory role. Here an observationally constrained ocean model and an observation‐based seasonal climatology are analyzed from a thermodynamic perspective, to assess the diabatic processes controlling overturning in the Southern Ocean. This reveals a seasonal two‐stage cold transit in the formation of intermediate water from upwelled deep water. First, relatively warm and saline deep water is transformed into colder and fresher near‐surface winter water via wintertime mixing. Second, winter water warms to form intermediate water through summertime surface heat fluxes. The mixing‐driven pathway from deep water to winter water follows mixing lines in thermohaline coordinates indicative of nonlinear processes.
Assessment of Finescale Parameterizations of Deep Ocean Mixing in the Presence of Geostrophic Current Shear: Results of Microstructure Measurements in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current Region
Authors: Takahashi Anne , Hibiya Toshiyuki
Published: December 2018

The Southern Ocean is thought to be one of globally significant mixing hotspots. In this study, we carried out simultaneous measurements of microscale turbulence and finescale shear/strain in the south of Australia to assess the validity of the existing finescale parameterizations of deep ocean mixing in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) region where geostrophic shear flows coexist with the background internal wavefield. It is found that turbulent dissipation rates are overall small but the internal wavefield is more energetic than the Garrett‐Munk (GM) wavefield. Finescale shear/strain ratio (Rω) well exceeds the GM value in the deep layer south of the Southern ACC Front, suggesting that the local internal wave spectra are significantly biased to lower frequencies. Through the comparison of the directly measured turbulent dissipation rates with those inferred from finescale parameterizations, we find that the Gregg‐Henyey‐Polzin and Ijichi‐Hibiya parameterizations, both of which take into account the distortion of the GM frequency spectrum in terms of Rω, can predict well the turbulent dissipation rates at most of the stations, whereas the shear‐based parameterization (the strain‐based parameterization) tends to overestimate (underestimate) the directly measured turbulent dissipation rates. However, at the observation stations located on the ACC jets, both the Gregg‐Henyey‐Polzin and Ijichi‐Hibiya parameterizations tend to overestimate the turbulent dissipation rates by a factor of ∼3. The most likely cause of the overestimates is spatial anisotropy of the internal wavefield associated with large‐amplitude monochromatic near‐inertial internal waves and/or internal lee waves.
Identification of potential genetic risk factors for bipolar disorder by whole-exome sequencing
Authors: Husson Thomas , Duboc Jean-Baptiste , Quenez Olivier , Charbonnier Camille , Rotharmel Maud , Cuenca Macarena , Jegouzo Xavier , Richard Anne-Claire , Frebourg Thierry , Deleuze Jean-François , Boland Anne , Genin Emmanuelle , Debette Stéphanie , Tzourio Christophe , Campion Dominique , Nicolas Gaël , Guillin Olivier ,   The FREX Consortium
Published: December 2018

This study aims at assessing the burden of rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) predicted damaging variants in the whole exome of 92 bipolar I disorder (BD) patients and 1051 controls of French ancestry. Patients exhibiting an extreme phenotype (earlier onset and family history of mood disorder) were preferentially included to increase the power to detect an association. A collapsing strategy was used to test the overall burden of rare variants in cases versus controls at the gene level. Only protein-truncating and predicted damaging missense variants were included in the analysis. Thirteen genes exhibited p values exceeding 10−3 and could be considered as potential risk factors for BD. Furthermore, the validity of the association was supported when the Exome Aggregation Consortium database non-Finnish European population was used as controls for eight of them. Their gene products are involved in various cerebral processes, some of which were previously implicated in BD and belong to pathways implicated in the therapeutic effect of lithium, the main mood stabilizer. However, exome-wide threshold for association study was not reached, emphasizing that larger samples are needed.
UBIAD1 suppresses the proliferation of bladder carcinoma cells by regulating H-Ras intracellular trafficking via interaction with the C-terminal domain of H-Ras
Authors: Xu Zhiliang , Duan Fengsen , Lu Huiai , Abdulkadhim Dragh Maytham , Xia Yanzhi , Liang Huageng , Hong Ling
Published: December 2018

UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein 1 (UBIAD1) plays a key role in biosynthesis of vitamin K2 and coenzyme Q10 using geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP). However, the mechanism by which UBIAD1 participates in tumorigenesis remains unknown. This study show that UBIAD1 interacts with H-Ras, retains H-Ras in the Golgi apparatus, prevents H-Ras trafficking from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane, blocks the aberrant activation of Ras/MAPK signaling, and inhibits the proliferation of bladder cancer cells. In addition, GGPP was required to maintain the function of UBIAD1 in regulating the Ras/ERK signaling pathway. A Drosophila model was employed to confirm the function of UBIAD1/HEIX in vivo. The activation of Ras/ERK signaling at the plasma membrane induced melanotic masses in Drosophila larvae. Our study suggests that UBIAD1 serves as a tumor suppressor in cancer and tentatively reveals the underlying mechanism of melanotic mass formation in Drosophila.
LncRNA DANCR upregulates PI3K/AKT signaling through activating serine phosphorylation of RXRA
Authors: Tang Jianming , Zhong Guangsheng , Zhang Haibo , Yu Bo , Wei Fangqiang , Luo Liming , kang Yao , Wu Jianhui , Jiang Jiaxiang , Li Yucheng , Wu Shuqiang , Jia Yongshi , Liang Xiaodong , Bi Aihong
Published: December 2018

Abstact

Conventional therapies and novel molecular targeted therapies against breast cancer have gained great advances over the past two decades. However, poor prognosis and low survival rate are far from expectation for improvement, particularly in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, we found that lncRNADANCRwas significantly overregulated in TNBC tissues and cell lines compared with normal breast tissues or other type of breast cancer. Knockdown ofDANCRsuppressed TNBC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Further study of underlying mechanisms demonstrated thatDANCRbound with RXRA and increased its serine 49/78 phosphorylation via GSK3β, resulting in activating PIK3CA transcription, and subsequently enhanced PI3K/AKT signaling and TNBC tumorigenesis. Taken together, Our findings identifiedDANCRas an pro-oncogene and uncoverd a new working pattern of lncRNA to mediate TNBC tumorigenesis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for improving treatment of TNBC.
Elovl6 regulates mechanical damage-induced keratinocyte death and skin inflammation
Authors: Nakamura Yoshiyuki , Matsuzaka Takashi , Tahara-Hanaoka Satoko , Shibuya Kazuko , Shimano Hitoshi , Nakahashi-Oda Chigusa , Shibuya Akira
Published: December 2018

Mechanical damage on the skin not only affects barrier function but also induces various immune responses, which trigger or exacerbate skin inflammation. However, how mechanical damage-induced skin inflammation is regulated remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that keratinocytes express the long-chain fatty-acid elongase Elovl6. Mice deficient in Elovl6 showed higher levels of cis-vaccenic acid (CVA) in the epidermis and severe skin inflammation induced by mechanical damage due to tape stripping than did wild-type mice. CVA accelerated tape stripping-triggered keratinocyte death and release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1) and IL-1α, which induced production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines IL-1β and CXCL-1 by keratinocytes. Our results demonstrate that Elovl6 regulates mechanical damage—triggered keratinocyte death and the subsequent dermatitis.
A novel intragenic deletion in OPHN1 in a Japanese patient with Dandy-Walker malformation
Authors: Iida Aritoshi , Takeshita Eri , Kosugi Shunichi , Kamatani Yoichiro , Momozawa Yukihide , Kubo Michiaki , Nakagawa Eiji , Kurosawa Kenji , Inoue Ken , Goto Yu-ichi
Published: December 2018

Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) is a rare congenital malformation defined by hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis and cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle. Oligophrenin-1 is mutated in X-linked intellectual disability with or without cerebellar hypoplasia. Here, we report a Japanese DWM patient carrying a novel intragenic 13.5-kb deletion in OPHN1 ranging from exon 11–15. This is the first report of an OPHN1 deletion in a Japanese patient with DWM.
Organic bromine compounds produced in sea ice in Antarctic winter
Authors: Abrahamsson Katarina , Granfors Anna , Ahnoff Martin , Cuevas Carlos A. , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso
Published: December 2018

During polar springtime, active bromine drives ozone, a greenhouse gas, to near-zero levels. Bromine production and emission in the polar regions have so far been assumed to require sunlight. Here, we report measurements of bromocarbons in sea ice, snow, and air during the Antarctic winter that reveal an unexpected new source of organic bromine to the atmosphere during periods of no sunlight. The results show that Antarctic winter sea ice provides 10 times more bromocarbons to the atmosphere than Southern Ocean waters, and substantially more than summer sea ice. The inclusion of these measurements in a global climate model indicates that the emitted bromocarbons will disperse throughout the troposphere in the southern hemisphere and through photochemical degradation to bromine atoms, contribute ~ 10% to the tropospheric reactive bromine budget. Combined together, our results suggest that winter sea ice could potentially be an important source of atmospheric bromine with implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate at a hemispheric scale.
Age-specific biological and molecular profiling distinguishes paediatric from adult acute myeloid leukaemias
Authors: Chaudhury Shahzya , O’Connor Caitríona , Cañete Ana , Bittencourt-Silvestre Joana , Sarrou Evgenia , Prendergast Áine , Choi Jarny , Johnston Pamela , Wells Christine A. , Gibson Brenda , Keeshan Karen
Published: December 2018

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) affects children and adults of all ages. AML remains one of the major causes of death in children with cancer and for children with AML relapse is the most common cause of death. Here, by modelling AML in vivo we demonstrate that AML is discriminated by the age of the cell of origin. Young cells give rise to myeloid, lymphoid or mixed phenotype acute leukaemia, whereas adult cells give rise exclusively to AML, with a shorter latency. Unlike adult, young AML cells do not remodel the bone marrow stroma. Transcriptional analysis distinguishes young AML by the upregulation of immune pathways. Analysis of human paediatric AML samples recapitulates a paediatric immune cell interaction gene signature, highlighting two genes, RGS10 and FAM26F as prognostically significant. This work advances our understanding of paediatric AML biology, and provides murine models that offer the potential for developing paediatric specific therapeutic strategies.
Transcriptomic meta-signatures identified in Anopheles gambiae populations reveal previously undetected insecticide resistance mechanisms
Authors: Ingham V. A. , Wagstaff S. , Ranson H.
Published: December 2018

Increasing insecticide resistance in malaria-transmitting vectors represents a public health threat, but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, a data integration approach is used to analyse transcriptomic data from comparisons of insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles populations from disparate geographical regions across the African continent. An unbiased, integrated analysis of this data confirms previously described resistance candidates but also identifies multiple novel genes involving alternative resistance mechanisms, including sequestration, and transcription factors regulating multiple downstream effector genes, which are validated by gene silencing. The integrated datasets can be interrogated with a bespoke Shiny R script, deployed as an interactive web-based application, that maps the expression of resistance candidates and identifies co-regulated transcripts that may give clues to the function of novel resistance-associated genes.
Microtubule asters anchored by FSD1 control axoneme assembly and ciliogenesis
Authors: Tu Hai-Qing , Qin Xuan-He , Liu Zhi-Bin , Song Zeng-Qing , Hu Huai-Bin , Zhang Yu-Cheng , Chang Yan , Wu Min , Huang Yan , Bai Yun-Feng , Wang Guang , Han Qiu-Ying , Li Ai-Ling , Zhou Tao , Liu Feng , Zhang Xue-Min , Li Hui-Yan
Published: December 2018

Defective ciliogenesis causes human developmental diseases termed ciliopathies. Microtubule (MT) asters originating from centrosomes in mitosis ensure the fidelity of cell division by positioning the spindle apparatus. However, the function of microtubule asters in interphase remains largely unknown. Here, we reveal an essential role of MT asters in transition zone (TZ) assembly during ciliogenesis. We demonstrate that the centrosome protein FSD1, whose biological function is largely unknown, anchors MT asters to interphase centrosomes by binding to microtubules. FSD1 knockdown causes defective ciliogenesis and affects embryonic development in vertebrates. We further show that disruption of MT aster anchorage by depleting FSD1 or other known anchoring proteins delocalizes the TZ assembly factor Cep290 from centriolar satellites, and causes TZ assembly defects. Thus, our study establishes FSD1 as a MT aster anchorage protein and reveals an important function of MT asters anchored by FSD1 in TZ assembly during ciliogenesis.
Ultrahigh specificity in a network of computationally designed protein-interaction pairs
Authors: Netzer Ravit , Listov Dina , Lipsh Rosalie , Dym Orly , Albeck Shira , Knop Orli , Kleanthous Colin , Fleishman Sarel J.
Published: December 2018

Protein networks in all organisms comprise homologous interacting pairs. In these networks, some proteins are specific, interacting with one or a few binding partners, whereas others are multispecific and bind a range of targets. We describe an algorithm that starts from an interacting pair and designs dozens of new pairs with diverse backbone conformations at the binding site as well as new binding orientations and sequences. Applied to a high-affinity bacterial pair, the algorithm results in 18 new ones, with cognate affinities from pico- to micromolar. Three pairs exhibit 3-5 orders of magnitude switch in specificity relative to the wild type, whereas others are multispecific, collectively forming a protein-interaction network. Crystallographic analysis confirms design accuracy, including in new backbones and polar interactions. Preorganized polar interaction networks are responsible for high specificity, thus defining design principles that can be applied to program synthetic cellular interaction networks of desired affinity and specificity.
Transcription factor DUO1 generated by neo-functionalization is associated with evolution of sperm differentiation in plants
Authors: Higo Asuka , Kawashima Tomokazu , Borg Michael , Zhao Mingmin , López-Vidriero Irene , Sakayama Hidetoshi , Montgomery Sean A. , Sekimoto Hiroyuki , Hackenberg Dieter , Shimamura Masaki , Nishiyama Tomoaki , Sakakibara Keiko , Tomita Yuki , Togawa Taisuke , Kunimoto Kan , Osakabe Akihisa , Suzuki Yutaka , Yamato Katsuyuki T. , Ishizaki Kimitsune , Nishihama Ryuichi , Kohchi Takayuki , Franco-Zorrilla José M. , Twell David , Berger Frédéric , Araki Takashi
Published: December 2018

Evolutionary mechanisms underlying innovation of cell types have remained largely unclear. In multicellular eukaryotes, the evolutionary molecular origin of sperm differentiation is unknown in most lineages. Here, we report that in algal ancestors of land plants, changes in the DNA-binding domain of the ancestor of the MYB transcription factor DUO1 enabled the recognition of a new cis-regulatory element. This event led to the differentiation of motile sperm. After neo-functionalization, DUO1 acquired sperm lineage-specific expression in the common ancestor of land plants. Subsequently the downstream network of DUO1 was rewired leading to sperm with distinct morphologies. Conjugating green algae, a sister group of land plants, accumulated mutations in the DNA-binding domain of DUO1 and lost sperm differentiation. Our findings suggest that the emergence of DUO1 was the defining event in the evolution of sperm differentiation and the varied modes of sexual reproduction in the land plant lineage.
Bretschneider solution-induced alterations in the urine metabolome in cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Lee Cheng-Chia , Hsieh Ya-Ju , Chen Shao-Wei , Fu Shu-Hsuan , Hsu Chia-Wei , Wu Chih-Ching , Han Wei , Li Yunong , Huan Tao , Chang Yu-Sun , Yu Jau-Song , Li Liang , Chang Chih-Hsiang , Chen Yi-Ting
Published: December 2018

The development of Bretschneider’s histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) cardioplegia solution represented a major advancement in cardiac surgery, offering significant myocardial protection. However, metabolic changes induced by this additive in the whole body have not been systematically investigated. Using an untargeted mass spectrometry-based method to deeply explore the urine metabolome, we sought to provide a holistic and systematic view of metabolic perturbations occurred in patients receiving HTK. Prospective urine samples were collected from 100 patients who had undergone cardiac surgery, and metabolomic changes were profiled using a high-performance chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. A total of 14,642 peak pairs or metabolites were quantified using differential 13C-/12C-dansyl labeling LC-MS, which targets the amine/phenol submetabolome from urine specimens. We identified 223 metabolites that showed significant concentration change (fold change > 5) and assembled several potential metabolic pathway maps derived from these dysregulated metabolites. Our data indicated upregulated histidine metabolism with subsequently increased glutamine/glutamate metabolism, altered purine and pyrimidine metabolism, and enhanced vitamin B6 metabolism in patients receiving HTK. Our findings provide solid evidence that HTK solution causes significant perturbations in several metabolic pathways and establish a basis for further study of key mechanisms underlying its organ-protective or potential harmful effects.
Differential regulation of cysteine oxidative post-translational modifications in high and low aerobic capacity
Authors: Souza Rodrigo W. A. , Alves Christiano R. R. , Medeiros Alessandra , Rolim Natale , Silva Gustavo J. J. , Moreira José B. N. , Alves Marcia N. , Wohlwend Martin , Gebriel Mohammed , Hagen Lars , Sharma Animesh , Koch Lauren G. , Britton Steven L. , Slupphaug Geir , Wisløff Ulrik , Brum Patricia C.
Published: December 2018

Given the association between high aerobic capacity and the prevention of metabolic diseases, elucidating the mechanisms by which high aerobic capacity regulates whole-body metabolic homeostasis is a major research challenge. Oxidative post-translational modifications (Ox-PTMs) of proteins can regulate cellular homeostasis in skeletal and cardiac muscles, but the relationship between Ox-PTMs and intrinsic components of oxidative energy metabolism is still unclear. Here, we evaluated the Ox-PTM profile in cardiac and skeletal muscles of rats bred for low (LCR) and high (HCR) intrinsic aerobic capacity. Redox proteomics screening revealed different cysteine (Cys) Ox-PTM profile between HCR and LCR rats. HCR showed a higher number of oxidized Cys residues in skeletal muscle compared to LCR, while the opposite was observed in the heart. Most proteins with differentially oxidized Cys residues in the skeletal muscle are important regulators of oxidative metabolism. The most oxidized protein in the skeletal muscle of HCR rats was malate dehydrogenase (MDH1). HCR showed higher MDH1 activity compared to LCR in skeletal, but not cardiac muscle. These novel findings indicate a clear association between Cys Ox-PTMs and aerobic capacity, leading to novel insights into the role of Ox-PTMs as an essential signal to maintain metabolic homeostasis.
Fast adaptation of tropical diatoms to increased warming with trade-offs
Authors: Jin Peng , Agustí Susana
Published: December 2018

Ocean warming with climate change is forcing marine organisms to shift their distributions polewards and phenology. In warm tropical seas, evolutionary adaptation by local species to warming will be crucial to avoid predicted desertification and reduction in diversity. However, little is known about the adaptation of phytoplankton in warm seas. Across the ocean, diatomic microalgae are the main primary producers in cold waters; they also contribute to tropical communities where they play a necessary role in the biological pump. Here we show that four species of diatoms isolated from the tropical Red Sea adapted to warming conditions (30 °C) after 200–600 generations by using various thermal strategies. Two of the warming adapted species increased their optimal growth temperature (Topt) and maximum growth rate. The other two diatoms did not increase Topt and growth, but shifted from specialist to generalist increasing their maximum critical thermal limit. Our data show that tropical diatoms can adapt to warming, although trade offs on photosynthetic efficiency, high irradiance stress, and lower growth rate could alter their competitive fitness. Our findings suggest that adaptive responses to warming among phytoplankton could help to arrest the sharp decline in diversity resulting from climate change that is predicted for tropical waters.
Preferential attentional engagement drives attentional bias to snakes in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) and humans (Homo sapiens)
Authors: Masataka Nobuo , Koda Hiroki , Atsumi Takeshi , Satoh Madoka , Lipp Ottmar V.
Published: December 2018

In humans, attentional biases have been shown to negative (dangerous animals, physical threat) and positive (high caloric food, alcohol) stimuli. However, it is not clear whether these attentional biases reflect on stimulus driven, bottom up, or goal driven, top down, attentional processes. Here we show that, like humans, Japanese macaques show an attentional bias to snakes in a dot probe task (Experiment 1). Moreover, this attentional bias reflects on bottom up driven, preferential engagement of attention by snake images (Experiment 2a), a finding that was replicated in a study that used the same methodology in humans (Experiment 2b). These results are consistent with the notion that attentional bias to snakes reflects on an evolutionarily old, stimulus driven threat detection mechanism which is found in both species.
Author Correction: Reminder duration determines threat memory modification in humans
Authors: Hu Jingchu , Wang Wenqing , Homan Philipp , Wang Penggui , Zheng Xifu , Schiller Daniela
Published: December 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Rafting behaviour of seabirds as a proxy to describe surface ocean currents in the Balearic Sea
Authors: Sánchez-Román A. , Gómez-Navarro L. , Fablet R. , Oro D. , Mason E. , Arcos J. M. , Ruiz S. , Pascual A.
Published: December 2018

Spatio-temporal variability of surface geostrophic mesoscale currents in the Balearic Sea (western Mediterranean) is characterized from satellite altimetry in combination with in-situ velocity measurements collected, among others, by drifting buoys, gliders and high-frequency radar. Here, we explore the use of tracking data from living organisms in the Balearic Sea as an alternative way to acquire in-situ velocity measurements. Specifically, we use GPS-tracks of resting Scopoli’s shearwaters Calonectris diomedea, that act as passive drifters, and compare them with satellite-derived velocity patterns. Results suggest that animal-borne GPS data can be used to identify rafting behaviour outside of the breeding colonies and, furthermore, as a proxy to describe local sea surface currents. Four rafting patterns were identified according to the prevailing driving forces responsible for the observed trajectories. We find that 76% of the bird trajectories are associated with the combined effects of slippage and Ekman drift and/or surface drag; 59% are directly driven by the sea surface currents. Shearwaters are therefore likely to be passively transported by these driving forces while resting. The tracks are generally consistent with the mesoscale features observed in satellite data and identified with eddy-tracking software.
Clinical validation of smartphone-based activity tracking in peripheral artery disease patients
Authors: Ata Raheel , Gandhi Neil , Rasmussen Hannah , El-Gabalawy Osama , Gutierrez Santiago , Ahmad Alizeh , Suresh Siddharth , Ravi Roshini , Rothenberg Kara , Aalami Oliver
Published: December 2018

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a vascular disease that leads to reduced blood flow to the limbs, often causing claudication symptoms that impair patients’ ability to walk. The distance walked during a 6-min walk test (6MWT) correlates well with patient claudication symptoms, so we developed the VascTrac iPhone app as a platform for monitoring PAD using a digital 6MWT. In this study, we evaluate the accuracy of the built-in iPhone distance and step-counting algorithms during 6MWTs. One hundred and fourteen (114) participants with PAD performed a supervised 6MWT using the VascTrac app while simultaneously wearing an ActiGraph GT9X Activity Monitor. Steps and distance-walked during the 6MWT were manually measured and used to assess the bias in the iPhone CMPedometer algorithms. The iPhone CMPedometer step algorithm underestimated steps with a bias of −7.2% ± 13.8% (mean ± SD) and had a mean percent difference with the Actigraph (Actigraph-iPhone) of 5.7% ± 20.5%. The iPhone CMPedometer distance algorithm overestimated distance with a bias of 43% ± 42% due to overestimation in stride length. Our correction factor improved distance estimation to 8% ± 32%. The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) correlated poorly with steps (R = 0.365) and distance (R = 0.413). Thus, in PAD patients, the iPhone’s built-in distance algorithm is unable to accurately measure distance, suggesting that custom algorithms are necessary for using iPhones as a platform for monitoring distance walked in PAD patients. Although the iPhone accurately measured steps, more research is necessary to establish step counting as a clinically meaningful metric for PAD.
Transition-metal-catalyzed site-selective C7-functionalization of indoles: advancement and future prospects
Authors: Shah Tariq A. , De Pinaki Bhusan , Pradhan Sourav , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam
Published: December 2018

The advancement and future prospects of transition-metal-catalyzed auxiliary assisted regioselective C7-functionalization of indoles/indolines are covered in this article.
Host–guest energetic materials constructed by incorporating oxidizing gas molecules into an organic lattice cavity toward achieving highly-energetic and low-sensitivity performance
Authors: Xu Jinjiang , Zheng Shensheng , Huang Shiliang , Tian Yong , Liu Yu , Zhang Haobin , Sun Jie
Published: December 2018

Powerful oxidizer N2O was incorporated into an organic lattice cavity through aeration crystallization, and smart host–guest energetic materials with highly-energetic and low-sensitivity performance were obtained.
Induction of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by a PARP1-targeting PROTAC small molecule
Authors: Zhao Qiuye , Lan Tianlong , Su Shang , Rao Yu
Published: December 2018

We report for the first time a PARP1-targeting PROTAC small molecule to selectively induce the cleavage of PARP1.
Doping effect on the local structure of metamagnetic Co doped Ni/NiO:GO core–shell nanoparticles using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and the pair distribution function
Authors: Gawai U. P. , Gaikwad D. K. , Bodke M. R. , Khawal H. A. , Pandey K. K. , Yadav A. K. , Jha S. N. , Bhattacharyya D. , Dole B. N.
Published: December 2018

Core–shell nanoparticles of Co doped Ni/NiO and incorporated GO sheets evidenced that the metamagnetic behavior at 5 K to 300 K temperatures.
Braiding kinetics and spectroscopy in photo-catalysis: the spectro-kinetic approach
Authors: Muñoz-Batista Mario J. , Ballari María M. , Kubacka Anna , Alfano Orlando M. , Fernández-García Marcos
Published: December 2018

A guidebook and reference for the interpretation of photocatalytic performance from the combined analysis of kinetic and spectroscopic data.
Protein structure networks provide insight into active site flexibility in esterase/lipases from the carnivorous plantDrosera capensis
Authors: Duong Vy T. , Unhelkar Megha H. , Kelly John E. , Kim Suhn H. , Butts Carter T. , Martin Rachel W.
Published: December 2018

In plants, esterase/lipases perform transesterification reactions, playing an important role in the synthesis of useful molecules, such as those comprising the waxy coatings of leaf surfaces.
A high-throughput liquid biopsy for rapid rare cell separation from large-volume samples
Authors: Liu Yaoping , Li Tingyu , Xu Mingxin , Zhang Wei , Xiong Yan , Nie Ligong , Wang Qi , Li Haichao , Wang Wei
Published: December 2018

The developed high-throughput liquid biopsy platform for rare tumor cell separation from body fluids has shown enormous promise in cancer detection and prognosis monitoring.
Synthesis and application of reversible fluorescent photochromic molecules based on tetraphenylethylene and photochromic groups
Authors: Peng Shanchao , Wen Jiahui , Hai Mingtan , Yang Zhou , Yuan Xiaotao , Wang Dong , Cao Hui , He Wanli
Published: December 2018

In molecules with both AIE and photochromic properties, light exchange between absorption and fluorescence is reversible under alternating UV/visible treatment.
An enantioselective assembly of naphthopyran via NHC-catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation of bromoenal with β-tetralone
Authors: Li Sha , Yao Yibiao , Tang Ziwei , Sun Baomin , Yu Chenxia , Li Tuanjie , Yao Changsheng
Published: December 2018

An asymmetric assembly of naphthopyran was realized via the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed formal [3 + 3] annulation of bromoenal and β-tetralone. The key advantages of this protocol include ready availability of starting materials, mild reaction conditions, good yields.
Ruthenium-catalyzed synthesis of indole derivatives from N-aryl-2-aminopyridines and alpha-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides
Authors: Cui Xin-Feng , Ban Zi-Hui , Tian Wa-Fa , Hu Fang-Peng , Zhou Xiao-Qiang , Ma Hao-Jie , Zhan Zhen-Zhen , Huang Guo-Sheng
Published: December 2018

A concise and efficient protocol for the synthesis of indole derivatives has been developed via the annulation of anilines with sulfoxonium ylides.
Recent methods for the synthesis of α-acyloxy ketones
Authors: Prasad Pragati K. , Reddi Rambabu N. , Arumugam Sudalai
Published: December 2018

The present review provides a broad description of the methods reported for the synthesis of α-acyloxy ketones and some of their derivatives.
A robust CdS/In2O3 hierarchical heterostructure derived from a metal–organic framework for efficient visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Ren Jia-Tong , Yuan Kun , Wu Ke , Zhou Liang , Zhang Ya-Wen
Published: December 2018

CdS/In2O3 hierarchical nanotubes with intimate and extensive contact between CdS and In2O3 were synthesized from a MOF and showed huge improvement of visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Encapsulation of pentazole gold nanoparticles into modified polycyanostyrene and polynitrostyrene microspheres as efficient catalysts for cinnoline synthesis and hydration reaction
Authors: Ye Dongdong , Pan Le , Zhu Haiyan , Jin Lu , Miao Hongyan , Wang Dawei
Published: December 2018

Modified polycyanostyrene and polynitrostyrene microspheres were designed and synthesized, which proved to be an effective carrier to prepare gold nanoparticles with pentazole gold as a catalyst precursor.
Copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of ethynyl epoxides with malononitrile to access highly substituted dihydrofurans with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter
Authors: Li Xuanyi , Han Chunhua , Huang Yue , Yao Hequan , Lin Aijun
Published: December 2018

A copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of ethynyl epoxides with malononitrile to afford dihydrofurans with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter has been described.
Thermal-mediated catalyst-free heterolytic cleavage of 3-halooxindoles: rapid access to 3-functionalized-2-oxindoles
Authors: Liu Xiong-Li , Yue Jing , Chen Shuang , Liu Huan-Huan , Yang Kai-Mo , Feng Ting-Ting , Zhou Ying
Published: December 2018

Herein a previously unreported catalyst-free SN1 reaction of the 3-halooxindoles to build 3-functionalized-2-oxindoles is described.
Five-fold twinned β-PbF2 nanocrystals in oxyfluoride glass ceramics
Authors: Guo Yuao , Zhao Lijuan , Fu Yuting , Dong Pan , Guo Liying , Yu Hua
Published: December 2018

Oxyfluoride glass ceramics (GCs) doped with trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln3+) have been prepared using a conventional melting–quenching method and studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Cholesterol-sensing role of phenylalanine in the interaction of human islet amyloid polypeptide with lipid bilayers
Authors: Hao Ruijie , Li Yang , Guan Liping , Lu Tong , Meng Feihong , Wang Chunyu , Li Fei
Published: December 2018

The interaction of hIAPP with cholesterol in the membrane is mediated by Phe15.
Electrical conductivity and vibrational studies induced phase transitions in [(C2H5)4N]FeCl4
Authors: Ben Brahim Kh. , Ben gzaiel M. , Oueslati A. , Gargouri M.
Published: December 2018

Complex impedance spectra of [(C2H5)4N]FeCl4 at different temperature.
Carbohydrate-conjugated 4-(1,3,2-dithiarsolan-2-yl)aniline as a cytotoxic agent against colorectal cancer
Authors: Fu Boqiao , Wang Xiaolin , Li Yingjie , Hu Jingying , Lu Dai , Li Wei , Zheng Kewang , Qin Caiqin
Published: December 2018

We synthesized a carbohydrate-conjugated 4-(1,3,2-dithiarsolan-2-yl)aniline. It exhibited reduced cytotoxicity to normal cells, suggesting a feasible approach to improve the therapeutic index of arsenic-containing compounds as chemotherapeutic agents.
Synthesis and characterization of nickel-doped ceria nanoparticles with improved surface reducibility
Authors: Derafa Wassila , Paloukis Fotios , Mewafy Basma , Baaziz Walid , Ersen Ovidiu , Petit Corinne , Corbel Gwenaël , Zafeiratos Spyridon
Published: December 2018

Nickel-doped ceria nanoparticles (Ni0.1Ce0.9O2−x NPs) were fabricated from Schiff-base complexes and characterized by various microscopic and spectroscopic methods.
NMR insights on nano silver post-surgical treatment of superficial caseous lymphadenitis in small ruminants
Authors: Stanisic Danijela , Fregonesi Natália L. , Barros Caio H. N. , Pontes João G. M. , Fulaz Stephanie , Menezes Ulisses J. , Nicoleti Jorge L. , Castro Thiago L. P. , Seyffert Núbia , Azevedo Vasco , Durán Nelson , Portela Ricardo W. , Tasic Ljubica
Published: December 2018

Biogenic nanosilver in a pharmaceutical cream for wound healing in animal and human healthcare.
Insights from a combination of theoretical and experimental methods for probing the biomolecular interactions between human serum albumin and clomiphene
Authors: Moradi Seyed Zachariah , Moradi Sajad , Nowroozi Amin , Sadrjavadi Komail , Farhadian Negin , Ehzari Hosna , Shahlaei Mohsen
Published: December 2018

In this study, the interaction of clomiphene with human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant plasma transport protein, was investigated using spectrofluorometric, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and molecular modeling methods.
In situ sulfuration synthesis of flexible PAN-CuS “flowering branch” heterostructures as recyclable catalysts for dye degradation
Authors: Lu Yin , Wang Yanjie , Cui Shizhong , Chen Weihua , Mi Liwei
Published: December 2018

“Flowering branch”-like PAN-CuS hierarchical heterostructures were in situ synthesized through a facile hydrothermal sulfuration growth process on PAN-based fibers prepared by electrospinning.
Continuous flow synthesis of phosphate binding h-BN@magnetite hybrid material
Authors: Mohammed Al-antaki Ahmed Hussein , Luo Xuan , Duan Alex , Lamb Robert N. , Eroglu Ela , Hutchison Wayne , Zou Yi-Chao , Zou Jin , Raston Colin L.
Published: December 2018

Vortex fluidic fabricated h-BN@magnetite under continuous flow in water exhibits recyclable high phosphate ion adsorption capacity.
Self-assembly of 2D-metal–organic framework/graphene oxide membranes as highly efficient adsorbents for the removal of Cs+ from aqueous solutions
Authors: Cheng Junye , Liang Jie , Dong Liubing , Chai Jixing , Zhao Ning , Ullah Sana , Wang Hao , Zhang Deqing , Imtiaz Sumair , Shan Guangcun , Zheng Guangping
Published: December 2018

A 2D-metal–organic frameworks/graphene oxide membrane that combines the electrostatic self-assembly of electronegative GO sheets and electropositive MOF sheets, which exhibits high mechanical flexibility, and superior Cs+ sorption, is presented.
Facile fabrication of water-dispersible nanocomposites based on hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and Fe3O4 for dual mode imaging (fluorescent/MR) and drug delivery
Authors: Song Meng-Meng , Xiang Hui-Hui , Fei Meng-Yu , Lu Da-Peng , Jiang Tong-Cui , Yu Yong-Qiang , Liu Rui , Shen Yu-Xian
Published: December 2018

Water-dispersible, stable and biocompatible dandelion-like Fe3O4/HBC@F127 nanocomposites were facilely developed for dual mode imaging (fluorescent/MR) and drug delivery.
Influence of lithium salt-induced phase separation on thermal behaviors of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/ionic liquid gels and pore/void formation by competition with crystallization
Authors: Osaka Noboru , Minematsu Yuichi , Tosaka Masatoshi
Published: December 2018

Lithium salt-induced phase separation on thermal behaviors of PVDF/ionic liquid gels and pore/void structures formation by competition with crystallization.
Metallo-supramolecular polymers derived from benzothiadiazole-based platinum acetylide complexes for fluorescent security application
Authors: Yuan Ming , Wang Feng , Tian Yu-Kui
Published: December 2018

Metallo-supramolecular polymers with the incorporation of benzothiadiazole-substituted organoplatinum moiety have been successfully constructed.
Correction: Stability of gum Arabic-gold nanoparticles in physiological simulated pHs and their selective effect on cell lines
Authors: Ribeiro de Barros Heloise , Cardoso Mateus Borba , Camargo de Oliveira Carolina , Cavichiolo Franco Célia Regina , de Lima Bellan Daniel , Vidotti Marcio , Riegel-Vidotti Izabel C.
Published: December 2018

Correction for ‘Stability of gum Arabic-gold nanoparticles in physiological simulated pHs and their selective effect on cell lines’ by Heloise Ribeiro de Barros et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 9411–9420.
Correction: Indirect fabrication of versatile 3D microfluidic device by a rotating plate combined 3D printing system
Authors: Ha Dong-Heon , Ko Dong-Hyeon , Kim Jin-Oh , Im Do Jin , Kim Byoung Soo , Park Soo-Young , Park Steve , Kim Dong-Pyo , Cho Dong-Woo
Published: December 2018

Correction for ‘Indirect fabrication of versatile 3D microfluidic device by a rotating plate combined 3D printing system’ by Dong-Heon Ha et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 37693–37699.
Directly anchoring 2D NiCo metal–organic frameworks on few-layer black phosphorus for advanced lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Jin Jun , Zheng Yun , Huang Shao-zhuan , Sun Ping-ping , Srikanth Narasimalu , Kong Ling Bing , Yan Qingyu , Zhou Kun
Published: December 2018

A 2D few-layer black phosphorus/NiCo MOF (BP/NiCo MOF) hybrid is rationally designed and directly utilized as a lithium-ion battery anode.
Engineering the interplanar spacing of ammonium vanadates as a high-performance aqueous zinc-ion battery cathode
Authors: Tang Boya , Zhou Jiang , Fang Guozhao , Liu Fei , Zhu Chuyu , Wang Chao , Pan Anqiang , Liang Shuquan
Published: December 2018

We report a series of ammonium vanadates as cathodes for aqueous ZIBs and provide insights into the origin of the enhanced electrochemical behaviors. The NH4V4O10 compound, with the largest interplanar spacing (9.8 Å), exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.
Self-assembled CdS quantum dots in carbon nanotubes: induced polysulfide trapping and redox kinetics enhancement for improved lithium–sulfur battery performance
Authors: Cai Dong , Wang Lili , Li La , Zhang Yupu , Li Junzhi , Chen Duo , Tu Haoran , Han Wei
Published: December 2018

Self-assembled CdS-QDs in carbon nanotubes are highly efficient cathode materials for lithium–sulfur batteries with improved rate performance and cycle life. The configuration suppresses polysulfide shuttling and enhances redox kinetics.
A bimetallic thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery for high power density and efficiently harvesting low-grade thermal energy
Authors: Wang Weiguang , Tian Hua , Shu Gequn , Huo Dongxing , Zhang Fang , Zhu Xiuping
Published: December 2018

A bimetallic thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (B-TRAB) using inexpensive materials efficiently converts low-grade thermal energy into electricity with high power density.
Carrier density control in Cu2HgGeTe4and discovery of Hg2GeTe4viaphase boundary mapping
Authors: Ortiz Brenden R. , Gordiz Kiarash , Gomes Lídia C. , Braden Tara , Adamczyk Jesse M. , Qu Jiaxing , Ertekin Elif , Toberer Eric S.
Published: December 2018

Phase boundary mapping in Cu2HgGeTe4allows discovery of Hg2GeTe4and further enables carrier density control over 4 orders of magnitude.
A strategy using mesoporous polymer nanospheres as nanocarriers of Bcl-2 siRNA towards breast cancer therapy
Authors: Wu Xin , Zheng Yawen , Yang Dan , Chen Taijun , Feng Bo , Weng Jie , Wang Jianxin , Zhang Kai , Zhang Xingdong
Published: December 2018

Synthesis and functionalization of a novel therapeutic nanoplatform available for cancer therapy.
The alignment of BCZT particles in PDMS boosts the sensitivity and cycling reliability of a flexible piezoelectric touch sensor
Authors: Gao Xin , Zheng Mupeng , Yan Xiaodong , Fu Jing , Zhu Mankang , Hou Yudong
Published: December 2018

With the rapid development of wearable devices, a highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensor shows tremendous potential for future demands.
Graphene-based chiral liquid crystal materials for optical applications
Authors: Zhai Fei , Feng Yiyu , Zhou Kang , Wang Ling , Zheng Zhigang , Feng Wei
Published: December 2018

Synthesis, theory, and applications of graphene-based chiral liquid crystal materials.