bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of post open appendectomy incisional hernia in Erbil City
Authors: Taher Barzinjy, Saman , Othman Habeeb Hailah
Published: December 2023

Background: since acute appendicitis is the most common presenting diseases in the surgical emergency departments, Appendectomy regarded as a common emergency surgical procedure that is done by the surgeons in the general surgery specialty. The complication of an incisional hernia development after open appendectomy is rare, found in about 0.12% of the appendectomy operations; interstitial type of incisional hernia complication following open appendectomy surgery is extremely rare condition, small number of reports found to deal with the incisional hernia development at the site of appendectomy in a range of (0.4-0.7%).

Objective: To assess the incidence of incisional hernia following open appendectomy in Erbil province – Kurdistan region- Iraq.

Patients and Methods: This retrospective study involved 598 cases between the period of first of July 2015 to  30th of April 2020, the cases presented with features of acute appendicitis, after admission  and complete history taking, surgical intervention (open appendectomy) has been done for all of them, follow up for the diagnosis of the post appendectomy incisional hernia development done throughout revising the files and ID s of the patients and contacting them or their close relatives via personal mobile numbers, others re-consulted us for any operation site discomforts, any patient with suspicion of operation site problems asked to return to the outpatient surgical room for follow up and excluding or confirmation of operation site incisional hernia. The patients followed up for about 2-3 years after the operation days and contacting period with the patients or their close relatives to exclude incisional hernia development at open appendectomy site took about 6 months.

Results: Out of 598 cases included in this retrospective study, 286 cases were male and 312 cases were female, the ages ranged between 5 and 91 years old with a mean and Standard Deviation (SD) 24.13, the age group of up to 10 years old included 13 cases, 2nd decade age group included 258 cases, while the third age group (21 – 30 years old) was included 167 cases. Risk factors for development of incisional hernia assessed among all cases, 56.85% of all cases had at least one of the risk factors and the remaining 43.15% devoid of any risk factors, the risk factors distributed among constipation (19.4%), pregnancy among female patients (18.9%), followed by diabetes mellitus, chronic cough and heavy working occupations (4.85% ,4.52% and 3.34% respectively), and BPH and anemia with other immunocompromised risk factors made only about 5.8%, only three patients (0.5%) developed incisional hernia after open appendectomy.

Conclusion: Post open appendectomy incisional hernia is rare in patients without risk factors of wound dehiscence, with minimizing the risk factors of incisional hernia and wound dehiscence, the incidence of open appendectomy wound incisional hernia can be minimized to lowest rate.
Detection of Bk Polyomavirus Antigen in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: H  Ali , Safa , Satti , Sawsan , H Ali , Alaa , B Al-Obaidi Asmaa
Published: December 2023

Background: BK polyomavirus  that is acquired in early childhood as BKPyV is near ubiquitous in adults with a seroprevalence of >80%, it has been found as the main cause of hemorrhagic cystitis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients, due to immunosuppression regimen that lead to the activation of the virus from the latency status and lead to increased viral shedding in urine (viuria).

Objective: To investigate the frequency of BK Polyomavirus antigen excretion in urine of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with and without chemotherapy and compare it with normal controls. 

Patients and Methods: A case-control study conducted from December 2021 to May 2022 in Baghdad, Iraq on leukemia patients of Central Pediatrics Hospital (Al-Eskan ). Urine samples and urine sediment smears were collected from 60 acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. And compared with 60 apparently healthy age and sex-matched children, BK polyomavirus antigen in urine was detected using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay and urine cytology were Pap stained for the detection of decoy cells (DCs).

Results: Positive BKPyV antigen in urine was seen in 55 (91.7%) of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and 39 (65.0%) in controls (p=<0.001) and all the patients were decoy negative. There was no significant effect of the positivity of antigenuria on neither leukocytes level nor on the occurance of relapse in leukemia patients. 

Conclusion: The very high frequency of BKPyV in the urine signifies the importance of reactivation of this virus in ALL patients with and without chemotherapy.
Influence of Ectopic Beats on the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Heart Rates
Authors: A. Ajwad, Asmaa , Kadhim  Rashid , Muayad , Tariq Ibrahim , Ibrahim , AbdulKareem Salman , Mustafa , Mousa Jaafar Ali
Published: December 2023

Background: Heart rate metrics including the average heart rate, maximum heart rate, and minimum heart rate reflect the physiological condition of the heart. Clinically, determining the impact of ventricular and atrial ectopic beats on those three metrics is important because they indicate how hard the heart is working.

Objective: To investigate the changes in heart rates of ventricular and atrial ectopic patients.

Patients and Methods: In this study, data from 90 persons (30 with ventricular ectopic beats, 30 with atrial ectopic beats, and 30 healthy people) were gathered and analyzed to see what changes in heart rate metrics may occur in patients with ectopic beats.

Results: According to our results, the three heart rate metrics in almost all three groups are statistically insignificant (p-value > 0.05). The average heart rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ventricular ectopic patients than in atrial ectopic patients. The effect of age and gender on heart rate metrics were statistically assessed.

Conclusion: Despite the fact that no significant differences were found in all groups, there were certain differences that require further examination. One of the long-term objectives is to expand this study to incorporate electrocardiography (ECG) analysis in order to complete the comparison between the three groups.
Prevalence and Property of Colonic polyp and Adenoma among Iraqi Patients
Authors: Ali Hussein , Sajid , J  Akayashy Raghad
Published: December 2023

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common diagnosed. ‎cancer in the world, so that colonic polyp detection is important because colonic polyp  is a precursor to CRC.

Objective: To detect the prevalence of polyp and adenoma.

Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was done  using  reports of endoscopic examination done previously for patients seen at gasteroenterology and hepatology hospital in Baghdad.

Results: The study included 924 examination of colon, mean age of patients was 48.1 years. Polyps was detected in 128 colonoscopies. (PDR) was 16.7 %. The PDR was higher in patients ≥ 60 years old (25 %), while polyp detection rate was ( 17.7 % ) in those 50 – 59 years age group. Adenoma was found in 7.9 % of those with completed colonoscopies. It was higher in male patients (9.2 % ) than female patients (6.2%). It was highest in age group ≥ 60 years old (15.9%), while adenoma was found in (8.2 %) of those with age group of 50 – 59 years old.

Conclusion: This study highlight on the prevalence of polyp (16.7%) and adenomas (7.9%) in patients underwent endoscopy for different  indications, and give us an idea about screening for CRC in Iraq  and at which age it should be started.
Diversity in Medical Education: A Review Article
Authors: Mahmood Enad Al-Majmaie , Imad , I Alezzi , Jalil , Mohammed Batarfi Ali
Published: December 2023

Background: Medical education and training differ substantially throughout the world. Several teaching approaches have been used in medical education, which is a dynamic area of educational research.

Objective: To assess the process of medical education, its development, and related obstacles to having proper and enhanced medical education, as well as improvement in various aspects related to medical education.

Conclusion: Medical educational programs play a critical role in preparing individuals for careers in medicine. These programs offer an organized curriculum that comprises preclinical & clinical education, electives and specialized training, professional development, and research.
Effect of saliva of patients with leukemia on surface hardness and roughness of enamel and dental composite resin during chemotherapy regimen: An – Invitro study
Authors: Muhyaddin Aziz , Nsar , Hassan Hamza Hiwa
Published: December 2023

Background: Evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of tooth enamel and dental resin composite restoration immersed into saliva collected from leukemia patient.

Objective: To evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of tooth enamel and dental resin composite restoration immersed on to saliva collected from 4 types of leukemia patient.

Patients and Methods: 30 patients with 4 types of leukemia (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL, Acute myeloid leukemia AML, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL, and Chronic myeloid leukemia CML) were included for taking saliva separately. A total number of 50 enamel specimen and 50 of composite resin disk were prepared and randomly divided into 5 groups of enamel (1,2,3,4, and 5) and 5 groups of composite resin disk (A,B,C,D, and E), surface roughness and hardness were measured and data collected, group A and 1 were immersed in artificial saliva for 7 days as control, group B and 2 immersed into saliva collected from patient with ALL, group C and 3 immersed into saliva collected from patient with AML, group D and 4 immersed into saliva collected from patient with CLL and group E and 5 immersed into saliva collected from patient with CML all group for 7 days then surface roughness and hardness were measured data collected and analyzed and statistically significant regarded at  p<0.05.

Results: In group A and 1 artificial saliva there were no significant effect on surface roughness and hardness of both enamel and composite resin disk, while surface roughness and hardness of enamel and composite resin significantly changed after immersing in saliva of ALL, AML, CLL, patients and surface roughness of composite resin highly significantly increased after immersing in saliva of CML patients.

Conclusion: Saliva of ALL, AML, CLL, and CML seems to significantly changes in mechanical properties of enamel and composite, however saliva of CML highly significantly increase surface roughness of composite resin.
Congenital Heart Disease In Preterm Infants
Authors: A Jassam , Maymouna , S. Mahmood , Najdat , Q. Mahmood Sura
Published: December 2023

Background: Congenital heart defects and preterm birth  are two important causes of neonatal and infant mortality. However, the relationship between them has not yet been fully clarified.

Objective: To find the association of congenital heart disease with premature delivery.

Patients and Methods: The study is an observational cross sectional study, done in Al-Batool teaching hospital for maternity and children from July 2022 to January 2023. A self-prepared questionnaire was used to gather data. Gestational age was calculated mainly on postnatal gestational assessment by Dubowitz/Ballard method by a pediatrician. Echocardiography was done by  Echocardiography specialist  doctor to identify the presence and  types of congenital heart defects. SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Total number of births  (term and preterm) was 1616, congenital heart diseases were detected in 60(3.71%) of them, most of them were isolated heart defect. In preterm babies, the congenital heart diseases were detected in 8% (p value was <0.001), they were of different types as followings: patent ductus arteriosus (n=10,26%), atrial septal defect (n=8,21%), ventricular septal defect (n=7,18%), transposition of the great arteries (n=4,10%), tetralogy of Fallot (n=2,5%), and complex of congenital  heart disease (n=7,18%), while in full term babies, the rate of congenital heart diseases was only 1.9%.

Conclusion: The incidence of congenital heart disease was higher in preterm than full term delivered babies, mostly in the group of transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, complex heart defects, followed by atrial septal defect.
Tactical Features of Interrogation of Certain Categories of Persons
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Taurskay E. A. , Gorbacheva E. V. ,   Irkutsk State University, Shishmareva E. V. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: December 2023

The most common investigative action, interrogation, is presented. The necessity of an individual approach to its production has been established, depending on the characteristics of the interrogated persons, for example, such as age, gender, procedural status, the presence of physical or mental illnesses, a special psycho-emotional state, etc. The emphasis is placed on the strict individualization of forensic recommendations depending on the specific characteristics of the interrogated, which should be adhered to at each stage of the investigative action under consideration. Some methods of establishing psychological contact with individual groups of interrogated are analyzed, tactical techniques are determined to increase the effectiveness of interrogation. Special attention is paid to such categories of interrogated persons as minors and the elderly, who have a set of characteristics that directly affect the course of the investigative action under consideration and its results. Conclusions are drawn about the need for further formation of forensic recommendations aimed at interrogating certain categories of persons, taking into account their personal characteristics.
The Place of the Idea of Procedural Economy in Criminal Proceedings in Russia
Authors:   East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Tsiretorov A. I. , Karsakov A. V. ,   East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: December 2023

An overview study of the idea of procedural economy from a legal and axiological point of view, as well as its place in the legal system of the Russian Federation is given. By means of induction and scientific analysis, the points of view of domestic processualists on the idea of process economy have been studied. The result of the study is the conclusion about the need for normative consolidation of the concept of procedural economy as an integral part of the system of principles of criminal justice.
Sustainable Development and Principles for the Development of Lake Baikal Legislation
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Shornikov D. V.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the genesis of the concept of “sustainable development” from the moment of its emergence in the 70s–80s of the last century to the present, on the example of significant events of an international nature, with commentary on some critical remarks. The place and role of the United Nations in this process are shown, the so-called Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as well as indicators of their achievement, are examined. A brief historical report on the evolution of legislation on environmental protection and the rational use of natural resources of the unique ecological system of Lake Baikal is given. As the main problem of the development of Baikal legislation at the present stage, its “de-greening” is declared, the content of this process is illustrated in pro and contra examples. A number of applied and fundamental principles of rulemaking in the field of protection of Lake Baikal in the context of scientific ideas of the domestic and Western schools are proposed. The following principles are proposed and justified as fundamental: the principle of “provision” of legal norms; the principle of “evolution”; the principle of “sustainability”.
Estological Study of the State Symbols of Mongolia
Authors:   Irkutsk Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation, Yurkovsky A. V.
Published: December 2023

The genesis of the formation and the current constitutional and legal status of the state symbols of Mongolia is considered. The material is built on the basis of the use of the latest author’s methodology and scientific research technology (esthological research of the constitutional law of Mongolia). Empirical materials and authentic documents (sources of law, acts of interpretation of law, acts of implementation and application of law) of Mongolia are introduced into scientific circulation. Conclusive constitutional and legal norms are subject to esthological research, which, according to the author, have significant signs of legal and linguistic uncertainty. Based on the study of the patterns of existence of interests in constitutional law and the interests of constitutional and legal regulation in Mongolia, conclusions are synthesized about the meaning and content of state symbols, its legal and technical features. As a result of the study, the presence of a phenomenology of interests of constitutional and legal regulation is revealed. The hypothesis is confirmed that the interests of legal regulation differ from the political interests of subjects of constitutional law.
Insurance Premiums and Artificial Intelligence: Ongoing Changes and Contours of the Future
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Lyutova O. I.
Published: December 2023

The digital transformation of the obligation to pay insurance premiums is traced, which occurs as a result of the intensification of the use of artificial intelligence technology and the promising possibility of replacing certain professions and/or categories of employees with robotic systems (robots) operating using such technology. The main problems of ensuring the implementation of the modern model of insurance premiums taxation caused by the development of artificial intelligence are determined. The conclusion is made about the stages of evolution of the tax legislation of the Russian Federation, which implies the gradual adaptation of artificial intelligence technology to the system of compulsory social insurance. A promising model of tax and legal regulation of the obligation to pay insurance premiums in the conditions of further development of artificial intelligence technology has been developed.
Ogorodov A. N. On the Question of the Place of the Prosecutor's Office in the System of Public Authorities of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Shishkin S. I. ,   Irkutsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Ogorodov A. N. ,   Irkutsk State University,   Irkutsk Scientific Center SB RAS
Published: December 2023

The authors analyze the controversial issues of the constitutional and legal status of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation, concerning its place in the system of public authorities. The provisions on the special status of the Prosecutor’s office, as well as on the allocation of the prosecutorial branch (subsystem) of State power are critically evaluated. The authors come to the conclusion that in modern and retrospective realities, the prosecutor’s office is a state body that is part of the legal mechanism for exercising the powers of the head of state. Suggestions are made about the content of the constitutional and legal doctrine on the status of the prosecutor’s office.
Some Issues of Participation of the Prosecutor in Consideration by the Courts of Disputes on the Depriation of Parental Rights
Authors:   Irkutsk Law Institute (branch) of the University of Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation, Kravtsov A. Yu. , Senotrusova E. M. ,   Irkutsk Law Institute (branch) of the University of Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The problematic issues of the prosecutor’s participation in the consideration by the courts of disputes on the deprivation of parental rights are considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the powers of the prosecutor on the application of a petition for the introduction of a private definition to eliminate violations identified in the actions (inaction) of guardianship and guardianship bodies or other bodies, organizations and officials. The most common violations in this area are listed. In order to increase the effectiveness of the institute of private definitions, it is proposed to ensure information interaction between courts, prosecutor’s offices and the Federal Migration Service of Russia, as well as to create a unified interdepartmental register of private definitions. The issue of hearing a minor in a court session is considered, the position on the inadmissibility of the appointment of pedagogical or psychological-pedagogical expertise in the categories of cases under consideration is argued. The circumstances that should be paid special attention to when deciding on the expediency of deprivation of parental rights are outlined, such as the presence or absence of preventive work with the family, its duration and specific content, the behavior of the second parent, including initiating the issue of deprivation of parental rights. The analysis of the practice of applying such grounds of deprivation of parental rights as a disease of chronic alcoholism or drug addiction is presented. The existing positions on the sufficiency of the fact of alcoholism or drug addiction in itself for the deprivation of parental rights are given, the position on the need to establish a causal relationship between the parent’s illness and the negative consequences for the child, the study of additional information about the features of the course of the specified disease of the person is argued. Proposals have been developed to improve family legislation in terms of adjusting paragraph 6 of art. 69 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation by expanding the list of categories of crimes, the commission of which may be the basis for the deprivation of parental rights, by including in this list crimes against sexual integrity and sexual freedom of a family member.
Legal Nature of the Institution of Statute of Limitations in Criminal Law
Authors:   Irkutsk Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation, Parkhomenko S. V. , Romanova E. R. ,   Baikal State University
Published: December 2023

The question of the essence of the institution of limitation in criminal law is debatable. The author conducted an independent study, the purpose of which is to determine the goals of introducing the institution of limitation into the criminal law of Russia. The article examines the main approaches to determining the essence of the institution of limitation in criminal law; based on the results of their study, a conclusion was made about the lack of uniformity on the issue of the purposes of introducing the institution in question. As part of the article, a survey was conducted among practitioners: representatives of the prosecutor’s office and the legal profession, the results of which allowed us to come to the conclusion that the institution of expiration of the statute of limitations in criminal law is a procedural necessity, but the expiration of the statute of limitations does not reduce the degree of public danger of the committed act. The institution of limitation in criminal law does not allow exceeding the permissible time limits for criminal proceedings, motivating law enforcement agencies to carry out all procedural actions in a timely manner. All of the above allows us to come to the conclusion that the absence of the possibility of terminating criminal prosecution due to the expiration of the statute of limitations would indicate the possibility of endless criminal prosecution of persons who committed crimes. In conclusion, it is concluded that the institution of statutes of limitations fulfills the dual function of the institution: incentive, on the one hand, and restrictive, on the other.
MILESTONES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
Authors: CURTEAN Maria , NECULA Constantin Valer
Published: December 2023

The importance of collaboration between research and practice is increasingly acknowledged lately. In this paper, we assert the transformative power of the educators present in the research by highlighting the main principles of the two authentic educational philosophies that have highly influenced the world. Shulamit Imber, initially a history teacher, developed into one of the leading creators of the Holocaust education philosophy, contributing her practical experience and methods to give the past meaning and ‘humanize’ the teaching about Holocaust. Luigi Giussani, the man who wanted to bring the Christian experience in high school environment, considered that the primary concern for an educator is educating the human heart, which is one, regardless of cultures, habits and ways of expression. Basing our research on qualitative methods, i.e. the content analysis technique, we claim that a ‘true’ education embracing the human being goes beyond the border of its subject even if it preserves its singularity.
DEVELOPING COMMUNICATION AND INTERPERSONAL SKILLS IN TECHNOLOGICAL HIGH SCHOOL 9TH GRADE
Authors: ENACHE Roxana , MIRICĂ Florentina-Alina
Published: December 2023

The paper aims to evaluate the decisive contribution of educational classes to the development of communication skills, socialization and ethical relationships, as well as to the choice of the future profession according to each student's strengths and limitations.This scientific approach is therefore useful to a wide range of beneficiaries. Students are led step by step to overcome their limits, to self-discover and choose their future profession according to their moral and psychological profile, teachers have the opportunity to self-evaluate and discover useful strategies to develop their students' transversal skills, and parents learn to communicate with their children and guide them correctly in life.We highlighted the importance of communication in all key areas of daily life, starting with education and continuing with social life, family life and work life. As research methods we used observation and a questionnaire applied to teachers and students, as well as interviews with 9th grade students. On the basis of the observation sheet we were able to follow the students' progress in terms of communication skills, but also in terms of empathy, socialization and increasing tolerance towards others
العلاقة التكامليَّة بين الأرصاد وحماية البيئة والأجهزة الأمنيَّة
Authors:   Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Kamel Hegazy Ahmad ,   College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Leily R. AlRowaily Saud ,   Security Research Center, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences,Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Kazem Abudouh Khaled
Published: December 2023

يهدف التقرير إلى مناقشة نظم الأرصاد على المستوي العالمي والإقليمي، والوقوف على أهم التحديات والفجوات المتصلة بفاعلية دور هذه النظم، وصولًا  لرؤية مقترحة لتفعيل العلاقة التكامليَّة بين نظم الأرصاد والأجهزة الأمنيَّة مما يعزز حماية البيئة لمواجهة المخاطر الأمنيَّة التي يشكلها ارتباك الأرصاد الناتج عن تغير المناخ، ما يساعد على توفير بدائل عملية للتعامل مع المناخ والأرصاد بوصفه أحد الأخطار الأمنيَّة وضبط الأداء وتحسين المخرجات، مع التركيز على سرد مهددات الأمن الإنساني الناجمة عن ظواهر الأرصاد المتطرفة وكيفية تحسين وتطوير الأمن الإنساني بتحسين أداء أجهزة الأرصاد والبيئة من جهة والأجهزة الأمنية من جهة أخرى.

وأكد التقرير على أن المنطقة العربية المقومات الأساسية لنظم الأرصاد المختلفة، وهناك بعض الدول العربية حققت الكثير من التقدم في هذا المسار، إلا أن هناك المزيد الذي يمكن القيام به، فهناك فهم شائع فيما يتعلق بأنظمة الرصد والإنذار، هو أنها موجودة ليتم تنشيطها بمجرد وقوع الخطر، رغم أن الهدف من نظم الأرصاد والإنذار المبكر ليس فقط تسهيل استجابة مؤسسية أو مجتمعية أو فردية لخطر وشيك، ولكن تطوير سلوك وممارسات طويلة الأجل للحد من المخاطر، واتخاذ الإجراءات الاستباقية لضمان الحفاظ على الأمن بأبعاده الشاملة.

وقد أوصى التقرير بعدد من التوصيات التي من شأنها تعزيز العلاقة التكامليَّة بين الأرصاد وحماية البيئة والأجهزة الأمنيَّة، منها:

تبني مجلس وزراء الداخلية العرب لمشروع يعزز التكامل بين المؤسسات الأمنية - خاصة قطاعاتها ذات الصلة - والنظم الوطنية والإقليمية والعالمية للأرصاد، بما يسمح لهذه المؤسسات بالوصول للبيانات التي توفرها هذه النظم، وتأسيس إدارات أو وحدات مختصة تحلل هذه البيانات وتستخلص التوصيات التي يمكن دمجها في الإستراتيجيات والخطط الأمنية للأجهزة الأمنية العربية، مما يعزز درجة التأهب والجاهزية.
إنشاء نظام شامل لمراقبة الأرصاد الجوية يتراوح من مستوى سطح الأرض، والهواء العلوي، والرادار، والأقمار الصناعية لتنبؤات الطقس، حتى مستوى المناطق المختلفة، إلى أن يصل إلى مستوى القرى والمناطق النائية.
تطوير نظام معلومات الأرصاد الجوية الموجَّه للمستخدم، مع مراعاة المتطلبات الخاصة بالمنطقة لمختلف المستخدمين.
THE ROLE OF FREQUENCY RESONANCE ANALYSIS IN THE STUDY OF DENTAL IMPLANTS INSTALLED IN RECONSTRUCTED ALVEOLAR PROCESSES WITH A SMALL VOLUME OF JAW BONE
Authors: S.V. Novikov
Published: December 2023

The use of dental implants being the intraosseous artificial fixtures is often required for orthopedic rehabilitation of completely edentulous patients; for their placement, adequate amount of bone tissue is needed, which in many cases is insufficient due to physiological bone loss, long-term wearing of full dentures, the duration of edentulism and complex clinical situations caused by maxillofacial injuries or general somatic diseases. Implant placement in the above situations requires timely preparation of deficient alveolar ridge by means of osteoplastic surgery. In its turn, the newly formed regenerated bone by its histological, physicomechanical and structural-functional properties can only approach the recipient bone tissue; therefore, the issue of implant osseointegration and its functional loading in regenerated bone remains debatable.
This research uses the method of frequency-resonance analysis showing implant stability coefficient numerically equal to the ISQ (Implant stability Quotient) values and reflecting the percentage of the osseointegration area of the intraosseous part of the implant. The results of research obtained by means of frequency-resonance analysis have proved that with the timely start of implant usage and adequate functional loading, ISQ values increase, that is, increases the osseointegration area along the interface of the intraosseous part of the implant placed in regenerated bone.
Comparative results of research reflecting ISQ values in 12 months after implant placement in bone augmented using various forms of autogenous bonegrafts, have been presented; therefore, a conclusion can be made that there is a direct relationship between osseointegration under conditions of functional chewing load and the shape and size of autogenous bonegrafts.
MULTIMODAL CONCEPT IN DENTAL IMPLANTATION AT THE PRESENT STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: S.V. Novikov , A.I. Matveev , I.D. Tamazov
Published: December 2023

In recent years, more attention has been paid to the problems of using dental implants in difficult anatomical conditions, due to the deficiency of the volume of jaw bone necessary for the installation of dental implants. However, in the clinical practice of a dentist-surgeon, there are more frequent categories of patients with reduced alveolar bone, for whom along, multi-stage treatment involving a number of osteoplastic surgeries is not acceptable.
FEATURES OF THE HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH DISORDERS OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN THE POST-COVID PERIOD
Authors: K.S. Savchuk , L.V. Ryabova
Published: December 2023

Intensive research is currently underway on the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the human body. One of the often-found consequences of such exposure is endocrine dysfunction. It has been previously shown that the detected hyperglycemia in patients infected with SARS-COV-2 is due to the consequences of direct damage by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, activation of the immune system and inflammation, as well as the consequences of the use of glucocorticosteroids. Changes in adaptive immunity are characteristic of both hyperglycemia and post-COVID syndrome. Of interest is the combination of these conditions, namely, the development of hyperglycemia in the post-COVID period and the resulting humoral immune response. This study is devoted to identifying the features of B-cell immunity in individuals with post-COVID syndrome and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. The study included 72 people with carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the post-COVID period. In patients, the lymphocytic link of immunity was assessed: the relative and absolute number of B-lymphocytes (CD45+CD19+), B1-lymphocytes (CD45+CD5+CD19-CD27-), B2-lymphocytes (CD45+CD19+CD5-CD27-), general population Memory B cells (CD45+CD19+CD5-CD27+). In post-covid patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, more significant changes in the B-cell link were revealed in comparison with patients with impaired glucose tolerance, including a statistically significant increase in the number of B-lymphocytes. Also, in the group of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the number of B2-lymphocytes is significantly higher in the absence of differences in the levels of B1-lymphocytes, which is possibly characteristic of the autoimmune nature of the diseases, and is associated with the secretion of high-affinity antibodies, which presumably explains the more severe clinical course of COVID-19 in the study group. At the same time, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the number of B1- and B2-lymphocytes of memory cells is significantly lower compared to patients with impaired glucose tolerance in the post-COVID period, which suggests the ineffectiveness of the formed immune response, which confirms more frequent repeated cases. COVID-19 in this group of patients.
TO THE QUESTION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF USING ONLINE APPLICATIONS FOR STUDYING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT THE ELEMENTARY LEVEL (BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF DUOLINGO)
Authors: V.M. Shcheglova , A.I. Suvorova , L.R. Gafurova
Published: December 2023

One of the trends in modern education is its focus on the widespread use of online resources. Often, users of online educational applications prefer to study on their own instead of going to classes at universities or specialized educational institutions. This process raises the question about the quality of such education. When searching for an answer to this question, special attention should be paid to applications for learning foreign languages, since learning another language is a complex process that requires the correct organization of educational material. The paper examines the effectiveness of using online applications in the process of learning Russian by foreign speakers at the initial stage of education. The study was conducted using the language learning app Duolingo due to the fact that it is one of the most popular apps of its type. During the study, an analysis of the thematic content of the Duolingo application was carried out in comparison with the elementary lexical minimum for the Russian language, as well as the State Standard for the Russian language at level A1. The study of the potential of the Duolingo application involved conducting a survey of students of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba who are studying Russian at the initial stage. Analysis of the survey results and thematic content of the application in comparison with leading educational publications allows the authors to conclude that this application cannot act as the only resource for learning the Russian language but can be integrated into the educational process. In this regard, the work proposes conditions for integrating the application into the educational process.
Factors affecting awareness on good agriculture practices among citrus growers in Palpa, Nepal: Through binary logistic regression approach
Authors: Ojha Bidya , Giri Hom Nath , Regmi Bamdev , Pokharel Astha , Parajuli Deepa
Published: December 2023

Being an indigenous high-value commodity, with significant market demand in the mid-hills of Nepal, citrus requires the incorporation of sustainable techniques in orchard to increase fruit production. For farmers in Nepal, Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) is a novel concept. The majority of farmers are unaware of it, and those who are aware also have not fully embraced the techniques. Therefore, the study was conducted in summer 2022 to assess the factors that affect the awareness of GAP among the farmers at Palpa, Nepal. Rainadevi Chahara and Ribdikot rural municipality of Palpa district, Nepal was purposively selected, and altogether, 64 commercial citrus growers from the municipalities were taken by simple random sampling technique. The binary logistic regression model was used for analyzing the effect of different variables on the awareness of GAP among citrus growers. Different demographic and socioeconomic variables have been found associated for odds of being GAP aware. The findings revealed that, farmers’ who are GAP aware have an access to trainings and contact with extension agents, 4.164 and 10.293 times higher than those farmers who are GAP unaware respectively. Therefore, the study suggests that farmers knowledge on GAP can be further expanded through trainings and frequent contact with extension agents as they are the major factors affecting commercial citrus growers’ awareness to GAP in Palpa district, Nepal.
Morpho-physiological response of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under aluminium stress at early seedling stage
Authors: Asaduzzaman Md. , Zahedi Md. Shabab , Mia Md. Liton , Shakil Ibrahim Hossain , Islam Md. Shafiqul , Hossain A. K.M. Zakir , Kabir Muhammad Humayun
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the morpho-physiological responses of five maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes to aluminum stress during the early seedling stage. The experiment, conducted at the Plant Physiology Laboratory in the Department of Crop Botany at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, followed a two-factor completely randomized design with aluminum concentrations (0 μM as control, 100 μM, and 200 μM) and five maize varieties (Konok, Kaveri-50, BWMRI-1, BHM-14, and BHM-16). Variety Konok exhibited superior overall performance across experimental parameters, while aluminum stress at 200 μM consistently decreased seed germination and seedling growth compared to the control at all recording stages. Variety Konok without aluminum stress demonstrated the highest values for root length (28.23 cm), shoot fresh weight (4.35 g), shoot dry weight (0.53 g), root fresh weight (8.18 g), root dry weight (1.21 g), total fresh weight (12.56 g), total dry weight (1.74 g), vigor index (5106.7). Conversely, under aluminum stress (200 μM AlCl3), the lowest values were observed in root length (14.70 cm), shoot length (15.38 cm), seedling length (31.50 cm), shoot fresh weight (1.79 g), shoot dry weight (0.20 g), root fresh weight (1.96 g), root dry weight (0.47 g), total fresh weight (3.84 g), total dry weight (0.67 g), vigor index (2592.7), and various stress tolerance indices. In summary, the study suggests that the maize variety "Konok" exhibits greater enhancement during the early seedling stage when grown without exposure to aluminum stress, emphasizing its potential for improved performance under normal conditions.
A review on molecular breeding techniques: Crucial approach in livestock improvement
Authors: Kandel Rupak , Kadariya Ishwari Prasad , Bohara Kailash , Adhikari Sonu
Published: December 2023

For underdeveloped countries, molecular breeding (MB) has a lot of promise. However, the implementation in developing countries is far from uniform. Livestock improvement programs aim to improve the genetics of domesticated animal populations by selecting males and females who, when mated, will produce progeny that perform better than the current generation's average. The amount of genetic progress made through conventional selection and breeding methods for quantitative traits in livestock is successful, but limitations such as routinely recording phenotypes, animal sacrifice for meat quality traits, recording in particular sex for sex-limited traits, and so on the limit the amount of genetic progress made through conventional selection and breeding methods. Marker-assisted selection (MAS), genome-wide selection (GWS), marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS), and genome-wide sequencing (GS) are examples of modern breeding procedures. Molecular genetics technology may provide a technique to choose breeding animals at an early age (even embryos), to select for a wide variety of features and to improve the accuracy of forecasting an individual's mature phenotype. This paper examines the challenges and potential of applying molecular breeding techniques to improve livestock in developing countries.
Is the Overheated Short-selling Stock Designation Regulation Properly Designed? Based on the Clustering Analysis of Overheated Short-selling Stocks
Authors: Ryou Heeseok , Kim Taeyeon
Published: December 2023

This paper examines whether the overheated short-selling stock designation regulation is effectively designed. The regulation prohibits short sales of overheated short-selling stocks for one day to call investors’ attention and prevent stock price declines. Comparing overheated short-selling stocks with control group, we find no statistically significant difference in their stock prices after the prohibition. This finding indicates that the one-day short sale ban is not effective in preventing stock price declines. We further show that the difference in short sale rates between overheated short-selling stocks and control group varies by types of overheated short-selling stocks. This result means that the regulation can stabilize short trading in certain types of stocks while it can also decrease market stabilization in other types. Lastly, we present the cluster of overheated short-selling stocks that is effective in preventing stock price declines through clustering analysis. It indicates that the effectiveness of the regulation is selective when a stock exhibits certain patterns, suggesting that the regulation should be designed more carefully.
Ellagic acid, a polyphenolic compound synergistically interacts with concanamycin A, an inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum proton pump
Authors: Ujal Noor Fardziatun , Zahari Nurul Izzaty Najwa , Abu-Bakar Nurhidanatasha
Published: December 2023

Ellagic acid is a bioactive phenolic constituent of many plants. Our previous study reported that ellagic acid alkalinised the Plasmodium falciparum digestive vacuole similarly to concanamycin A, a specific inhibitor of V-type H+-ATPase located on the membrane of the malaria parasite’s digestive vacuole. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the interaction of ellagic acid with concanamycin A by using the isobologram analysis of effects on parasite growth. A malarial SBYR Green I fluorescence-based (MSF) assay was conducted prior to the isobologram analysis to determine the antimalarial activity (IC50) of ellagic acid and concanamycin A. Six different combination solutions of the drugs were assigned based on their IC50 values and used in the isobologram analysis. The IC50 of ellagic acid and concanamycin A was 34.0 ± 0.18 nM and 9.2 ± 0.93 nM, respectively and the interaction of both drugs was found to be synergistic that could kill the parasites more effectively. This study suggests that ellagic acid and concanamycin A can be new candidates to be used in combination therapies with artemisinin, a standard antimalarial drug that has been postulated to affect the digestive vacuole pH.
The (un)serious image of Ulas Samchuk in creolized texts
Based on satirical and humorous magazines of the Ukrainian diaspora
Authors: Rusnak Iryna
Published: December 2023

The object of research in the article is creolized texts, in particular friendly cartoons and caricatures. The author defines creolized texts as texts, the structure of which consists of two components of different sign systems — verbal and non-verbal. For interpretation, the author selected eighteen friendly cartoons and caricatures of Ulas Samchuk. These are the works by Edward Kozak, Teodor Kurpita, Mykola Stepanenko, Roman Kupchynsky, and other cartoonists.

The purpose of the article is to consider the peculiarities of the representation of Ulas Samchuk in these texts; to add new — (not) serious — details to his image established in literary studies; to reveal the essence of satirical and humorous views of caricaturists on literary and semi-literary processes, in which the writer was an active participant. Contextual analysis, art historical and biographical methods were used to achieve this goal.

As a result of the research, it was concluded that caricatures and friendly cartoons of Ulas Samchuk are effective methods for insightful private characterization of a creative personality. They supplement the writer's official biography and activities with fascinating or curious details. The image of the writer is maintained within a certain canon: he is a kind middle-aged man, dressed in an emphatically refined suit with an indispensable bow tie and certain writerly or authoritative (characteristic for artistic circles) attributes.

Creolized texts at the artistic level comprehended the creative personality and their activities in time and space, provided information about the attitude of the creative elite towards the artistic processes of the interwar and post-war eras. Caricatures and friendly cartoons have preserved the unpredictability, ambiguity and reticence of Ulas Samchuk’s perceived figure. This made it possible to complete the image of the writer in a different way in the new political and time realities, to interpret his transformations, to supplement the official portrait of the artist with new strokes and details.
Dystopian future and borders of humanity
Analyzing «The Road» (2006) by Cormac McCarthy and «Pomyrana» (2016) by Taras Antypovych
Authors: Mozolevska Alina
Published: December 2023

The article explores the artistic means of representation of the degradation of food practices in the post-apocalyptic literary discourse of contemporary writers. The study focuses on the strategies of food culture degradation in the post-humanist discourse of two novels — Cormac McCarthy’s “The Road” and Taras Antypovych’s “Pomyrana”. Using interpretative and comparative methods, the article aims to concentrate on the existential issues of the novels and compare the artistic means of depicting the moral degradation of humanity and the decline of food culture in “The Road” and “Pomyrana”.

The research results affirm that the portrayal of food not only highlights the struggle for survival but also carries symbolic and metaphorical significance. Both authors use the issue of food supply to reflect the collective anxieties of modern society and to link the issue of moral degradation and the survival of human beings. Food imagery is used to describe possible means of survival for the protagonists in the post-apocalyptic world, symbolizes the lost world (“The Road”) and reflects the inner moral state of a community (“Pomyrana”). The expression “you are what you eat” has a special significance in these texts — in Pomyrana the semi-robotized people eat inedible substances to satisfy their animalistic hunger, eventually turning to cannibalism, which reflects their deep moral degradation. In “The Road”, the protagonists continuously choose starvation over cannibalism, spending their time looking for pre-apocalyptic food and for a chance at survival. In this case, cannibalism is presented as a liminal food practice of “bad people”. The novelty of the article lies in the comparative approach to analyzing how food-related discourse is portrayed throughout the novels and what cannibalism reveals about both the characters and society as a whole. Thus, cannibalism serves as a means to construct the boundary between human and inhuman, defines categories of good and evil, and illustrates the moral orientations of the heroes in the analyzed novels.