bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One-Dimensional Confined Bose Gas in a Quartic Potential: Calculation of the Energy Levels and the Critical Coupling Parameter
Authors:   State University of Southwest Bahia, Itapetinga campus, Bahia 45700-000, Brazil, Sousa Alexsandro G de , Bagnato Vanderlei S ,   Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, PO Box 369, São Paulo 13560-970, Brazil, Silva Albérico BF da ,   Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, PO Box 780, São Paulo 13560-970, Brazil, Tello Ana C Mora ,   Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, PO Box 780, São Paulo 13560-970, Brazil, Nascimento Valter A ,   Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande/MS, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
Published: November 2022

Perturbation theory can be reformulated as dynamic theory applied to crystals and gases. Here we concentrate our attention on the stability conditions that allow controlling the convergence of approximation sequences. These ideas are illustrated by calculating the energy levels and critical coupling parameter of a one-dimensional confined Bose gas
A Independência e a diversidade de projetos provinciais
Authors: Pandolfi Fernanda Cláudia
Published: November 2022

Apresentação do dossiê "A Independência e a diversidade de projetos provinciais"
Rehabilitation of the historic center of the city of M'sila, a situation to be taken care of
Authors: Kara Abdelhamid , Benkhaled Elhadj
Published: November 2022

Algerian cities, like other cities, the Mediterranean in particular, have not been spared the negative influence of certain factors such as weather, nature, and people (combined or sporadic) that have been imposed on them. Imposed, which has lost some of its momentum, their function and their sense of civilization. However, the old and historic urban fabric of these cities has experienced most of the impact. As in most Algerian urban centers, the city center of M'sila is part of the old residential districts which are experiencing a number of problems that have affected its urban and functional status, and which reflect the way of life of its inhabitants, which has led to the appearance of urban disorder and the dissemination of a distorted urban image of the architectural heritage of this region. Over time, he became unable to keep pace with developments and was far from his aspirations. In order to know the mechanisms necessary to rehabilitate its urban sphere and work to develop it and preserve this cultural heritage, and to contain this phenomenon, we had to seek to reform this situation with the aim of providing conditions of comfort to its inhabitants. In this study, we have therefore opted for the search for the most important causes which are at the origin of the problems encountered by the center of this city, and consequently to propose appropriate solutions to this situation, while preserving the ancient heritage of the city, which would correspond to its characteristics and ingredients and work for its development and promotion.
Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments: An Analysis of The Legislative Framework
Authors: Ursu Viorica , Stamati Mihaela
Published: November 2022

The dynamics in which changes occur in society require the state and citizens to face a wide range of problems of devaluation of historical and cultural monuments. Safeguarding the monuments of history and culture does not allow us to incubate the most representative values ​​of our past. In the end, does not unite as a national identity and has us as a nation. These cultural goods are also considered actual files of the cultural heritage of all humanity, and the elaboration of explicit and necessary normative acts has become a norm on the agenda. The analysis of the international and national legislative framework in protecting historical and cultural monuments is subject to analysis in presenting the work as a legal and social phenomenon with many perspectives. Therefore, research is essential from all points of view: theoretically, scientifically, and practically. This analysis was carried out to identify the normative acts in this segment of cultural heritage protection, the decision-makers' applied mechanisms, the legislative gaps, or the normative dubbing. The research will analyse international acts, considered rights for national acts. Moreover, contain general objectives, principles, and criteria for evaluating and protecting historical and cultural monuments. Particular attention was also paid to national legislation to determine the system's effectiveness for protecting cultural heritage, particularly monuments of history and culture.
The Disengagement Phenomenon of Terrorist from the Fundamental Groups and Radical Terrorists in Lamongan, East Java Indonesia
Authors: Ishomuddin Ishomuddin , Ahmad Miqdad Daly , Roshanti Dian , Nurwatari Dewi
Published: November 2022

Disengagement from terrorism in English is called disengagement is an attempt to divorce from radical movements and terrorism. Terrorism arises because of the problem of radical-fundamental understanding that exists in a group of Islamic societies. Prevention efforts have been carried out by both the government and the private sector. This study aims to: (1) to find out the phenomenon of disengagement of terrorist criminals from radical terrorist groups. And second, to know the process of disengagement of terrorist criminals from radical terrorist groups. This study uses a social definition paradigm, a qualitative approach, with a phenomenological type of research. The results are expected to find propositions related to the disengagement phenomenon of terrorist criminals.
Research on Starbucks Brand Value Marketing in China's Coffee Industry
Authors: Kang Lina , Bi Chuanchen
Published: November 2022

"I'm not at Starbucks, I'm on my way to Starbucks.". This catchphrase is not only a fast-paced lifestyle, but also an attitude toward life in the coffee age. Coffee is so ubiquitous that it is sought after by urban white-collar workers and petty bourgeoisie. The main reason why Chinese consumers freshly ground coffee has evolved from the initial social scene demand to the daily functional demand. The top three reasons for Chinese consumers to drink coffee are physiological refreshing, psychological dependence and coffee intake for meals. With the gradual formation of the coffee habit, most consumers have become physically and psychologically dependent on coffee, and coffee has therefore appeared in more and more daily work and life scenes. This paper takes the Starbucks brand "providing consumers with a third living space" as the research object, starting with SWOT analysis of marketing strategies and value propositions, and through qualitative research methods (unstructured interview), aiming at Starbucks brand marketing, brand value, the current development status in China's first tier cities and how to better to tell the Starbucks story in the future, I hope to provide suggestions for the sustainable and healthy development of the coffee industry.
The difference in consumer attitudes of locally grown apples with imported apples. the case of Korca Region, Albania
Authors: Nexhipi Erjon
Published: November 2022

What motivates consumers to act differently from each other has been studied and will continue to be studied in order for marketers and consumer attitudes researchers to better understand their needs and, consequently, to satisfy them as best as possible. Figuring out why someone likes a red apple and someone likes a green apple can be a difficult process, but it's still easier than understanding why people choose an imported apple over a domestic apple when no verifiable qualities distinguish them. In attempt to analyze this invisible element and to evidence it, along with other factors such as familiarity with the product, knowledge of the product, physical characteristics, etc. in this study we will prove that there is another evident element and measurable such as the credence attribute for locally produced apples in the Korca area. For the study, 335 random interviews were conducted with apple consumers in the Korca region, providing demographic data, data on consumption, data on knowledge about apples, the attitudes of the interviews about issues related to apples and especially about cultivated apples in Korca. Full analysis was done for descriptive statistical data. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were done to group attitudes into fewer factors. The attitudes of the interviewees were grouped into 3 factors, attitudes about the physical qualities of the apple, subjective knowledge and credence attributes of the locally grown apple.  Quantitative analysis was done using statistical models binary logistic equation SPSS 26 programs. From this analysis and examination of the relationships of the factors with each other and with other variables in the study, the raised hypotheses of this study were confirmed, Consumers who buy imported apples have a low rating for the Credence attribute "Apple cultivated in the Korca region" and for Subjective knowledge regarding apples.
Towards a territorial equity through the criterion-based assessment of socio-economic inequalities. Case of the Province of Boumerdes
Authors: Alouat Mohamed , Bouchama Ouahiba , Berberi Rania , Derouiche Amina
Published: November 2022

In spatial planning, inequalities represent imbalances and disparities in the distribution of income, equipment and development opportunities. For such reason, it is necessary to apprehend, analyze and deal with these disparities, in order to attain the objectives, including the coherent development of the territories. As a fact of matter, the forms of inequalities in Algeria have been the subject of the national policy of planning and sustainable development which were motivated by the implementation of various tools and plans of development at the national, regional and provincial level, namely the National Scheme of Territorial Development (SNAT), the Regional Scheme of Territorial Development (SRAT) and the Plan of Territorial Development of the Province (PATW). Indeed, our study consists of measuring the disparities by adopting economic and housing criteria in the province of Boumerdes, and defining, as consequence thereof, the classification of its whole municipalities in order to be able to reduce the inequalities and to seek other horizons of development in the marginalized zones.
Теория автоматического управления
Authors: Мокрушин С.А. , Назойкин Е.А. , Каргин В.А.
Published: November 2022

Учебное пособие, предназначено для выполнения практических работ по дисциплине «Теория автоматического управления», со-держит варианты заданий, методические указания по их выпол-нению и оформлению. Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки 15.03.04 Автоматизация технологических процессов и производств, 27.03.04 Управление в технических системах, 15.03.06 Мехатроника и робототехника всех профилей подготовки и форм обучения.
NEUROCIÊNCIA E DISTÚRBIOS DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Angelle Ribeiro Danielle , Jose Gusmão Coutinho Diogenes
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo explicar o que é Neurociência e Transtorno de Aprendizagem, como também a importância do seu conhecimento para os profissionais que trabalham nas áreas de educação, saúde e social. Pois mostra como o cérebro funciona e suas implicações no dia a dia das pessoas. Já que sem esse conhecimento fica difícil entender, diagnosticar e tratar comportamentos e doenças relacionadas ao funcionamento cerebral.
O cogito cartesiano como ponto arquimediano
Authors: BATTISTI CÉSAR AUGUSTO
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo examina a analogia feita por Descartes nas Meditações entre o cogito e oponto arquimediano. Ele tem como meta principal mostrar que a analogia é extremamente fecundasob a condição de não se confundir ponto fixo com centro de gravidade: embora o sistema gire, emambos os casos, ao redor do ponto fixo, não é o ponto fixo quem determina ou controla seufuncionamento. Com isso, o texto objetiva chamar a atenção para outros elementos do processomeditativo cartesiano, responsáveis por produzir a tensão que o move de início ao fim da obra.
Entrevista-jogo como método para recriar memórias ferroviárias
Authors: Filizola Roberta , Basile Lucila Pereira da Silva
Published: November 2022

No presente artigo, descrevo a entrevista realizada com minha mãe, a qual teve como objetivo o diálogo entre a memória dela e o imaginário que eu faço acerca do Sonho Azul, trem azul celeste que, nas décadas de 1970 e 1980, percorria o estado do Ceará de norte a sul, levando e trazendo passageiros e cargas. Com base em Huizinga (2005), pode-se dizer que essa entrevista apresentou características de jogo. Tendo como referência o conceito de arte relacional de Bourriaud (2009) e o projeto Tractos, feito por Soraya Braz e Fabio FON, eu e minha mãe usamos fotos antigas para recriar o caminho entre Crato e Lavras da Mangabeira, que ela percorria no tempo em que viajava no Sonho Azul. Durante a experiência, ela relembrou não somente acontecimentos, mas também sentimentos, sensações, sons, cheiros, fantasias. Ao final, articulei esses relatos com as minhas próprias ideias de enredo para o desenvolvimento de um curta-metragem de animação, o que resultou no início da escaleta que organizará a narrativa. Essa prática também teve como escopo criar um modelo de ação que será utilizado ao longo da pesquisa que realizo enquanto mestranda do Programa de Pós-graduação em XXX da Universidade XXX.
Para se ler o vazio / para se ler as poéticas digitais e suas artes
Authors: Silva Rogério Barbosa da
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é ler alguns poemas das décadas de 1980 e 1990 dos poetas Álvaro Andrade Garcia e André Vallias. Buscamos, assim, expor as mudanças que a cultura digital impôs aos campos da literatura e das artes em geral. Para isso, buscamos discutir os problemas decorrentes da obsolescência das máquinas e as dificuldades de acesso e leitura dos textos, bem como da necessidade de preservar esses mesmos textos. Em seguida, discutimos aspectos da literariedade dos textos digitais e as possibilidades de leitura desses textos. Trouxemos aspectos ligados à remediação dos textos digitais, de sua memória e das formas de se ler esses textos, considerando o estágio atual das máquinas e das artes dos poetas aqui estudados. Na parte final, demos destaque ao poema hipertextual Aleer, de André Vallias, para mostrar a obra digital é, ao mesmo um tempo, um modo para um sentido aberto e expansivo da leitura e também para construir a biblioteca infinita sonhada por Borges.
E-literary creativity on the dark web: Covid-19 Whatsapp bot’s interactive storytelling in WhatsApperature
Authors: Waliya Yohanna
Published: November 2022

Social media affordances prioritize automatic interactive digital narrative about the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic to counteract misinformation and fake news in Nigeria. To engage the public about their health risk, WhatsApp chatbot was launched by Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in collaboration with UNICEF on the U-Report platform. It is the first Nigerian multilingual SMS-based interactive chatbot to run on all mobile telecommunication networks (the dark web), WhatsApp and Facebook Messengers to address health issues. This essay describes SMS-Chatbot which offers narratives to counter health misinformation in five languages-English, Pidgin, Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo.  A techno-discursive analysis is presented to explain the relationship between the technotext and the wreader by employing Pedro Barbosa’s theory of wreader[1] on the extracted English version which is perceived as the digital literary practice on WhatsApp, that is, “WhatsApperature”.

 

[1] Blend of writer and reader, coined by George Landow (professor) in English. https://www.wordsense.eu/wreader/ consulted 24/10/2021 Wreader it has been used by Pedro Barbosa in Portugal since early late 1970s (Vuillemin 1999).
Ler, editar, escrever: simulação literária e humanidades digitais
Authors: Giménez Diego
Published: November 2022

Resenha de:
PORTELA, Manuel. Literary Simulation and the Digital Humanities: Reading, Editing, Writing. New York: Bloomsbury, 2022.
Os desafios e oportunidades vivenciadas durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial nas disciplinas de Física e Matemática
Authors: Silva Filipe Diego da , Rocha Joice Stella De Melo , Almeida Wálmisson Régis de
Published: November 2022

O contexto pandêmico vivenciado nos últimos dois anos fez com que várias mudanças ocorressem nos mais variados setores e processos. No que se refere à Educação, foi necessária uma profunda readequação para que fosse possível a continuidade do ensino nessa nova realidade. Nesse contexto, as instituições de ensino presenciais tiveram que modificar, em um curto espaço de tempo, a forma de contato com os seus alunos e os processos de ensino e aprendizagem através do uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação. O objetivo do trabalho apresentado a seguir foi analisar os desafios e oportunidades vivenciadas pelos docentes das disciplinas de Física e Matemática do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais, campi Arcos, Formiga e São João Evangelista durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Como instrumento para coleta dos dados, foi direcionado um questionário online do Google Forms, de caráter anônimo e voluntário, através de e-mail e grupos do WhatsApp para estes docentes com o intuito de identificar o cenário vivenciado e como se encontram essas disciplinas em meio ao processo de mudança ocorrido, bem como analisar a formação dos professores frente a utilização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação. A partir dessas análises, o trabalho apresenta informações relevantes sobre o uso dessas tecnologias, evidenciando uma oportunidade de contribuição positiva tanto em contextos semelhantes ao Ensino Remoto quanto nos processos de aprendizagem pós pandêmicos, proporcionando novas formas de ensinar e, principalmente, de aprender.
Assessing Cascading Effects from Multiple Hazards: An Example from Sweden
Authors:   Stockholm Environment Institute, Barquet Karina , Berg Peter ,   Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Hieronymus Magnus ,   Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Vieira Passos Marlon ,   Stockholm Environment Institute, André Karin , Segnestam Lisa , Englund Mathilda , Inga Katarina , Bin Ashraf Faisal
Published: November 2022

The HydroHazards project explores locations, sectors, and vital societal functions exposed to multiple hydrometeorological events. The project devises methods and tools to assess the cascading effects that multiple events may have upon critical infrastructures and social groups. This brief provides an overview of these methods and tools and a summary of their application in a Swedish case study.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah dan Sistem Informasi terhadap Efektivitas Sekolah
Authors: Hana Lestari Novi , Ade Permana Junjun , Kusnandi Kusnandi , Rusyadi Alan , Resly Elly , Kholisoh Lilis
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan tentang pengaruh kompetensi kepala sekolah dan sistem informasi terhadap efektivitas sekolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru sebanyak 60 orang. Karena jumlah populasi telah diketahui, maka untuk menentukan sampel penelitian adalah sesuai dengan jumlah populasi itu sendiri. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran angket. Pengolahan data memanfaatkan program SPSS 17.0 (Statistical Product and Smart Solutions). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi kepala sekolah dan sistem informasi berpengaruh positif terhadap efektivitas sekolah, hal ini berarti semakin tinggi kompetensi kepala sekolah dan semakin berkualitas sistem informasi maka semakin meningkat efektivitas sekolah.
Comparison of ICSI outcomes using testicular versus ejaculated sperm in patients with severely compromised semen parameters
Authors: Mohammed Walaa Saeb Mejbel , AbdulZahra Hind Abdulkadim , Gali Saaduldeen
Published: November 2022

Patients with severely compromised spermatogenesis are treated by ICSI. Both of OAT and NOA are classified under this category. A lot of studies try to improve reproductive out come in such cases. immature testicular sperm is the only choice in azoospermic male while those with sever OAT using poor quality ejaculated sperm which might be exposed to higher risk of oxidative stress with subsequent SDF. Objective of this study is to reflect the influence of sperm origin in patient with sever deterioration in testicular function on ICSI outcome from fertilization up to live birth delivery rate. This was a Cohort retrospective study included 330 infertile couples who underwent ICSI treatment due to azoospermia and severe oligospermia from January, 2015 to February, 2020. In Al-Najaf Fertility Centre. First group were (127) Azoospermic couples (NOA) in whom testicular sperm retrieved by TESA and TESE were used for ICSI. Second group were(203) couples with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia ( OAT )in whom ejaculated sperm were used for ICSI procedure female partners in both groups are belong to same age group, normal responder with no apparent fertility problem. OAT group had statistically higher fertilization rate than NOA (77.11 ± 18.68versus70.45 ±20.74. Positive pregnancy test (57.78% versus 38.65%, respectively P value is 0.001). Implantation rate, 12.6% versus 21.9%, respectively. Clinical pregnancy rate in NOA group is (32.8%) which is significantly lower than in OAT group (52.8%). Live birth deliveries was significantly higher in OAT group, 90 /199 (45.22%), compared to 33/ 119 patients (27.73%) in NOA, (P<0.05). No significant difference in embryo cleavage rate and miscarriage rate between both groups, (P>0.05). In conclusion, sperm maturity is a critical factor in determining sperm reproductive potential in ICSI cycles as in the case of natural fertilization and pregnancy
Molecular diversity for Entamoeba histolytica virulence factor genes isolated from patients with amoebic dysentery
Authors: Abdullah Sabeeh Fawaz , Khalaf Amal Khudair
Published: November 2022

Entamoebahistolytica is a parasitic protozoan that caused amoebiasis, a diseases which infects the liver and colon and spread all over the world. E.histolytica is causing the death of human cells and leading to develop invasion, and ulceration of the intestine. However, amoebic liver abscess(ALA) considers as major common extraintestinal disease caused by E.histolytica.The aims of this study, was to detect E. histolytica by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to differentiate it from other amoeba species in a stool samples of human. Study the pathogenicity of E. histolytica in human through determining the presence of virulence factors like cysteine protease, amoebapore and Gal/lectin. A total of 100 stool samples were collected from patients with amoebic dysentery and then examined microscopically to confirm the presence of E. histolytica and other Entamoeba species, 72 ( 72%) out of 100 examined samples with E.histolytica were positive by PCR and 28(28%) were negative. The positive samples with PCR have been submitted to detect the virulence factors of E.histolytica by PCR and the results showed that the total of 72(100%)were positive with cysteine proteases gene, shown 62(86.11%) were positive with amoebapore and 65(90.27) were positive with lectin. Gene sequence for cysteine protease, amoebapore and lectin in local E. histolytica human isolates showed the nucleotide alignment similarity and substitution mutations in all of cysteine protease, amoebapore and Gal/GalNAc lectin. Phylogenetic tree analysis based on cysteine protease gene partial sequence in local E.histolytica human isolates that used for genetic variation analysis showed genetic closed related to NCBI-BLAST E.histolytica Japan strain (AK421547.1) at total genetic changes (0.0060-0.0010%), while Phylogenetic tree analysis based on amoebapore B gene partial sequence in local E.histolytica human isolates that used for genetic variation analysis showed genetic closed related to NCBI-BLAST E.histolytica, Germany strain (X76904.1) at total genetic changes (0.0060-0.0010%). Phylogenetic tree analysis based on Gal/GalNAc lectin gene partial sequence in local E. histolytica human isolates that used for genetic variation analysis showed genetic closed related to NCBI-BLAST E.histolytica Bangladesh strain (AF501280.1) at total genetic changes (0.0060-0.0020.
The correlation between food sensitivity, sex, age of patients and some physiological problems
Authors: Yaseen Farah Tareq , Obaid Reem M. , Jasim Dhyiaa Ahmed
Published: November 2022

Food allergy/hypersensitivity refers to situations in which an immune process (IgE- or non-IgE-mediated) can be demonstrated (for example, bovine milk, peanut, or soybean hypersensitivity), whereas food intolerance is a form of food allergy identified depending on the existence of IgG antibodies. In our study we wanted to look at the association between food intolerance/ sensitivity and certain physiological problems, as well as the association between food sensitivity and age. The experimental groups used consist of eighty patients age ranged from (1- 70) years old, they are divided into three groups: group1 (age range 1-10 years old), group 2(age range 10-40 years old) and group 3 (age range 40-70 years old). We measured the level of antibodies that formed against each food group, these results represented in numbers as the following: 1: no sensivity, 2: sensitivity, 3,4: strong sensitivity. Our results showed that the highest percentage of food allergy in group 1 was cow milk and wheat allergy (34.6% and 30.7%) respectively, the highest percentage of food allergy in group 2 was pea nut and red pepper allergy (28.12% and 21.87%), respectively. Table 6 showed that the highest percentage of food allergy in group 3 also was in pea nut and red pepper, but the percentage was lower than that of group 2. While the whole allergy in group 3 was higher than the whole allergy of groups 1 and 2. Finally, this study adds to our understanding of the incidence as well as longterm characteristics of food allergy not just in kids, but also in middle age people and adults.
The effect of injecting HEPES buffer into eggs of broiler breeder ROSS 308 before storage on the hatching characteristics and chick quality
Authors: Aldhanki Ziyad T. M. , Alfahdawi Muna A. H.
Published: November 2022

The experiment studies the injection of a HEPES buffer into the stored eggs in three groups (14 days for the first group, 7 for the second, and 4 for the third). It also investigates the prolongation of the storage period of hatching eggs by injecting them with HEPES buffer in addition to its effect on the qualitative hatching characteristics and chicks specification. The groups of eggs were injected with HEPES buffer of (H50 mM, H75 mM) concentration and then stored for 14, 7 and 4 days. The eggs were brought in groups from the fields of broiler mothers, ROSS 308 breed, from the Modern Poultry Company in (Wasit, Azizia). The first group of 294 days old (42 weeks) was stored for 14 days. The second group of age 308 days (44 weeks) was stored for 7 days and the third, at the age of 311days, was stored for 4 days. The eggs were divided into 15 treatments of 30 eggs each. At the end of the storage period, the results of the experiment show that injecting HEPES buffer with a concentration of H50 and H75 helps reduce the pH value of the white and yolk in the eggs of the treatments that are stored for 4 and 7 days. As for the treatments of eggs stored for 14 days, the buffer does not help to reduce the pH value of the white and yolk at the end of the storage period. The results of the experiment also show significant superiority of (P≤0.05) in the percentage of hatching of the fertilized eggs injected with the buffer. The results also show there is an effect of the injection on the chick weight (gm) and chick length CRL (cm) in the treatments of the eggs stored for 4, 7 and 14 days. The results of the internal specifications of the hatched chicks show superiority in the relative weight of the gizzard, the glandular stomach, and the intestines of the injected eggs (14 and 4 days storage). The same characteristics were superior with the injection of H75 buffer into treatments of 7 days stored eggs.
Antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical and environmental hospital samples
Authors: Sheet Alhan H. , AL-Azawi Ahmed H.
Published: November 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and a model bacterium for studying virulence and bacterial social traits. While, it can be isolated in low numbers from a wide variety of environments including soil and water, it can readily be found in almost any human/animal-impacted environment. It is a major cause of illness and death in humans with immunosuppressive and chronic conditions and infections in these patients are difficult to treat due to a number of antibiotic resistance mechanisms and the organism’s propensity to form multicellular biofilms. One hundred twenty clinical samples and forty hospital environmental samples (various sources) were collected from hospitals in Baghdad city during the period from October 2020 to January 2021, Cetrimide agar, the differential medium was used to isolation and diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 76 (63.33%) clinical isolates and 8 (20%) environmental samples were able to grow, and diagnosedas P. aeruginosa using the conventional biochemical tests, the Api 20 system and 16S rRNAgene. The antibiotic susceptibility test for fourteen antibiotics was performed by the standard disk diffusion method; the results showed that the bacteria were resistant to the most of the antibiotics used in this study and have the ability to form the biofilm.
A survey and molecular diagnosis of flower fly species (Diptera : Syrphidae) in Central of Iraq
Authors: Alkhafaji Sahar M. S. , Alasadi Mohammed A. Ali , Alghadhban Zahraa A. M.
Published: November 2022

A survey study was conducted to find out the species of flower flies and aphids in the alfalfa field from Abu Ghraib region - Iraq for the season 2018-2019. The survey results were eight species from seven genera belonged to two subfamilies (Syrphinae and Eristalinae). Syrphinae included five species: Eupeodes corollae, Episyrphus balteatus, Syrphus baltitus, Ischiodon scutellaris and Sphaerophoria scripta, while Eristalinae included three species: Eristalis pertinax, Eristalinus aeneus and Eristalinus sepulchralis. The highest population density was for E.corollae, followed by E.balteatus then S.scripta, which reached 3.1, 1.6, and 1.1 adult /trap, respectively. Four species of aphids on the alfalfa plant were also recorded in this study, these are Therioaphis maculata, Aphis fabae, Aphis craccivora and Myzus persicae. The results of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) showed the ability of primer ITS2-4 to diagnosis the species of flower flies E.corollae and E.balteatus. It was able to replicate the DNA segments with a molecular weight (450) bp, after it showed a percentage of 100% nucleotide matching with the genetic region located between the ribosomal RNA gene 5.8S and 28S ribosomal RNA. Moreover, the bank number MN648194 and MN648193 were recorded for Eupeodes corollae and Episyrphus balteatus respectively, for the first time in Iraq. Molecular diagnosis is matching with the morphological identify of the two species.
Enhancement phenolic content in callus of Taraxacum officinale plant by using phenylalanine precursors
Authors: Kareem Afraa Jumaa , Alwash Bushra Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) has been used in traditional medicine. It has been utilized as a source for bioactive compounds. Such as phenolic compounds. Thus, this study aimed to increase phenolic yield in callus cultures supplied with Phenylalanine (Phe.) as a precursor. Seeds of T. officinale were sterilized and cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium then used as a source of explants. Leaves and roots were cultured on MS medium supplemented with combinations (0.25, 0.5 or 0.75mg/L) of benzyl adenine purine (BAP) and (1, 2 or 3 mg/L) of indole acetic acid (IAA). The best fresh weight for callus formation was achieved at 0.75 mg/L BAP for leaves and 0.75 mg/L with 2 mg/L IAA for root. Quantitative analyses with spectrophotometer, the total phenols were expressed as Gallic acid standard curve showed phenolic content presence in leaves 15.38 mg and 14.89 mg in root of intact plant. The addition of different concentrations of Phe (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1 or 1.5 mg/L) as a precursor to the medium led to increase the levels of phenolic content in leaves and roots callus tissue. Phe. at concentration 1.5mg/L enhanced production of phenols to 17.86 mg on leaves callus and 1mg/L concentration of Phe. Enhanced production of phenols to 16.50 mg on roots callus comparison with intact plant. In contrast, even the control treatment (0 mg/ L) concentration of (Phe.) was found to be stimulated phenolic yield in comparison with phenolic content in intact plant.
Microscopic and molecular detection of Giardia duodenalis in lambs in Wasit province, Iraq
Authors: Shati Fatima A. N. , Abdolgafor Ayman B.
Published: November 2022

This study was carried out for microscopically and molecularly detection of Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) in lambs of Wasit province, Iraq, during October 2020 to March 2021. An overall 120, 100 diarrheic and 20 non-diarrheic, lambs of different ages and sexes were subjected for sampling the fresh fecal samples that tested by light microscope as well as by the PCR assay. Additionally, venous blood samples were collected to evaluate the parameters of hematology, serum minerals and total protein. Of 120 fecal samples, 3 (2.5%) were positive by light microscopy and 19 (15.83%) were positive by PCR assay. The positive samples of microscopy and PCR were detected in diarrheic feces only. Also, microscopically positive samples were observed only in fecal smears stained with Giemsa. For hematology, although the findings of total RBCs, PCV, Hb, MCV, MCH and MCHC revealed no significant differences (P>0.05) in their values, platelets were reduced significantly reduction (P£0.41) in positive lambs by microscopy. For serum minerals, the concentration of K was reduced significantly (P£0.018) in positive lambs by microscopy and positive lambs by PCR assay when compared to negatives; however, no significant variation (P>0.05) were seen in values of Na, chloride and total protein. In conclusion, positive findings of PCR revealed a significant association between Giardia infection and diarrhea. It emphasized that fecal samples of diarrheic lambs should be tested 3-4 times to avoid false-negative results due to intermittent excretion. Our findings confirmed effective role of PCR in diagnosis of infection. Hence, biomolecular methods are of great importance in clinical and epidemiological surveys. In addition, molecular classification tools are important to understand the pathogenesis and host range of Giardia isolates derived from a variety of animals and human.
Serum level of IL-1 and IL-6 in Iraqi patients with Covid-19
Authors: Brakas Suad Almas , Turki Salwa Gahzi , Khalid Zainab Shaban , Jalil Ahmed Alaa , Hashim Ali Fakher , Alnaser Oroba , Mahmoud Wildan Talal , Khudair Moayad Hammadi
Published: November 2022

The current study conducted for evaluating serum interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 level among Iraqi patients with COVID-19 (cov-19). The total number of patients positive with (cov-19) were 295. Seventy-one of them used to assessed IL-1and IL-6 and compare with 31 healthy subjects. The study revealed a high percentage of infected males (56.3%) compared to females (43.7%). The infection restricted between age 20-50 years old which represents 82.4% of all infected cases, while there is no infection recorded under the age of 10 years old. The age of 40-49 years is the most affected range (22.9%). Positive Female percentage was high only in the age group (10-19) that represents 4.7% of the total number. Both IL-1 and IL-6 show a highly significant increment in patients positive with cov-19 (p<0.0001).
Effect of Ammi visnaga seed aqueous extract on experimental pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli in albino rats
Authors: Eid Wafaa Sabri , Sultan Rasmia O.
Published: November 2022

The Curative, nephrotoxic potential, and histological renal changes effect of Ammi visnaga seed aqueous extract was assessed in rats challenged with experimental Escherichia coli UTI were treated with 500mg/kg/bid A. visnaga seed aqueous extract and Ciprofloxacin suspension with 500 mg/kg bid, orally administered twice a day for five days. The animals were sacrificed on six day to determine bacterial burden in kidneys homogenates. Serum levels of urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase. In addition, the nephrotoxicity potential of the extract is measured spectrophotometrically. The results of our treatment in animal models for E. coli UTI showed that the A. visnaga seed aqueous extract produce a reduction in the bacterial load in kidneys homogenates by 29.5% comparable with ciprofloxacin 33.5%. Nephrotoxicity studies showed evidence of nephrotoxic effect as creatinine and acid phosphatase were increased after the treatment with A. visnaga seed aqueous extract. Renal histological examination revealed mild histological changes after the treatment with the extract.
Gene expression of maize plants (Zea mays L.) in response to petroleum hydrocarbon stress
Authors: Azeez Zaid A. , AL-Jobori Kamil M. , Ali Abdul-Jabbar A.
Published: November 2022

Petroleum contamination in soil fields is a serious problem, particularly in countries that produce, transport, and refine oil. Phytoremediation is a promising approach for the cleanup of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) and heavy metals (HMs). For this purpose, this study was conducted to identify gene expression profiles for two related genes in response to petroleum stress in maize leaves at two contaminated sites. Two sites were chosen to collect polluted soil with oily residues: AL-Daura power station and AL-Daura oil refinery in Baghdad province. The soil was subjected to chronic pollution for many years. In addition, one unpolluted site was chosen for comparison as control around 4 Km upwind from ALDaura thermal power station. The gene expression of Opr1 and Pao1 genes in addition to ZmAct as reference gene was analysis in the maize leaves using RT-PCR. All data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, and treatment means were differentiated using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at P ≤ 0.05. The expression of Opr1 and Pao1 genes in maize leaves was overexpressing with 42.86 and 10.25 folds at refinery soil, respectively, while at power station soil increased with 5.16 and 5.04 folds, respectively but not differ significantly from control soil. The study show that the Real-time PCR analysis confirmed the expression patterns of the Opr1 and Pao1 genes, which play critical roles in mediating plant tolerance to petroleum stress.
Promoter methylation status of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in spermatozoa of Iraqi infertile men
Authors: Al-Sammarraie Halah Khalid Ibrahim , Nader Mohammed Ibrahim , Alani Abbas Abdulmueed , Bader Ala Hazim , Abdullateef Asia
Published: November 2022

In the vast majority of instances, the causes of male infertility are unknown, although scientists have lately attempted to correlate epigenetics to infertility mechanisms. DNA methylation is an important biological modification that gives phenotypic diversity and adaptability. The aim of this study was whether the methylation status of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene promoter in Iraqi men’s spermatozoa is correlated with male infertility. Semen samples were collected from 100 infertile and healthy fertile men. Divided into 4 groups included 25 subjects of healthy fertile men as a control group(C) and infertile groups, which divided into (3) subgroups: Asthenozoospermia (A) (n=25), Oligoasthenozoospermia (OA) (n = 25) and severe Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (SOA) (n =25). Sperm DNAs and RNAs from all samples were isolated; followed by sperm-specific methylation detection using the EpiJET DNA Methylation Analysis Kit, which is simple digestion was performed with two restriction enzymes (MspI/HpaII). The methylation percentage (mean ± SD) of the MTHFR gene promoter was quantified in each studied group as follow:[ (C) ( 1.76±0.46) (A) (3.59±0.89), (OA) (26.10±4.14) and (SOA)( 29.13±4.88)]. The percentage of MTHFR promoter methylation infertile men was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (p = 0.00). Methylation level was determined via receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis as the cut-off values of each infertile subgroup were as follows: [(A) (2.43%), (OA) (7.59%) and (SOA) (10.96%)]. According to WHO guidelines, sperm concentration, progressive motility and morphologically normal sperm were determining (WHO, 2010). The qRT-PCR was used to evaluate MTHFR gene expression in all sperm samples. The results revealed a substantial reduction in fold expression (2–∆∆Ct) in all infertile groups when compared to the control g roup, with a P-value (0.002). In this research findings suggest that epigenetic impairment (hypermethylation) of the MTHFR promoter region in sperm DNA from OA and SOA patients may increase male infertility risk.
TAX REVENUE VOLATILITY AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE NIGERIA ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: EHIEDU, Victor C. Ph.D.
Published: November 2022

The study examined the analysis of the impact of tax revenue (TR) volatility on economic growth (EG) in Nigeria between the periods of 1994-2021, which is a period of 28years. This was done using the measures TR volatility, namely; Petroleum Profit Tax Volatility (PPTV), Value Added Tax Volatility (VATV), Company Income Tax Volatility (CITV) and Custom and Excise Duties Volatility (CEDV) in relation to economic growth proxied with Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The data was sourced from the CBN Statistical Bulletin and Annual Report and analyzed with descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, unit root test, Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound Co-integration test, and ARDL Co-integrating and Long form. The findings showed that PPTV has a p-value of 0.0089 and a p-value of 0.0051 on the short and long run (S&LR) respectively. Hence, PPTV had a considerable effect on GDP in the S&LR; VATV has a p-value of 0.0067 and 0.0001 both on the S&LR. Thus, VATV had a considerable effect on GDP in the S&LR; CITV has a p-value of 0.1838 and a p-value of 0.1892 in the S&LR respectively. Thus, CITV had an inconsequential effect on GDP in the S&LR and CEDV has p-values of 0.0253 and 0.0021 both on the S&LR. Hence, CEDV has a considerable effect on GDP in the L&SR. It is evident that measures of tax revenue volatility used have mixed effects of RGDP. It is only PPTV, VATV and CEDV that have considerable effects on GDP in S&LR while CITV exerts inconsequential effect on RGDP in S&LR. Hence, the study concluded that TR volatility had considerable effects on EG. It is advised that government should restructure the country's petroleum industry by stepping up efforts to process crude oil and solely exporting processed oil to the global market.

Keywords: Tax, Revenue, Volatility, Inconsequential Effect, Considerable Effects.
MICROFINANCE BANKS’ CREDIT ACCESSIBILITY AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA
Authors: James Ese IGHOROJE (PhD)  , Emmanuel Othuke AKPOKERERE (PhD)
Published: November 2022

The study investigated the effect of access to microfinance banks’ credit accessibility (MCA) on poverty reduction in Nigeria. The regressand is poverty reduction proxied by GDP per capita growth rate as a measure of standards of living, while the regressors are deposits (DEP), micro-loans and advances (LAD).  The study gathered (sourced) from the annual bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for 16 years from 2000 to 2021.  The Ordinary Least Square regression technique was employed for data analyses. The results showed that Loans and advances of microfinance banks have insignificant negative effect poverty reduction.  Microfinance banks’ deposits have increased poverty minimally.  The study thus concluded that Microfinance banks intermediation is not effective for poverty reduction/alleviation in Nigeria.
Keywords: Micro Financing, Poverty Reduction, Bank Intermediation, Nigeria.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC: FINANCIAL DISRUPTIVE INNOVATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Benedicta OWONYE  , Godwin OBONOFIEMRO
Published: November 2022

The study examined the relationship between covid-19 pandemic: financial disruptive innovations and performance of deposit money banks (DMB’s) in Nigeria for the duration of 2000-2020 (21years). This was done respect of measures of financial disruptive innovations, namely; Automated Teller Machine (ATM), Point of Sale (POS), Internet Banking (INTB) and Mobile Banking (MB) and how the effects performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria {proxy with Return on Equity (ROE)}. The method of data collection used in this study is the secondary source of data (time series data), from the CBN Bank Supervisory Annual Report, CBN Statistical Bulletin and Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) Annual Reports for the period 2000-2020. The data set was described using descriptive statistics and the unit root test was conducted to ascertain if the data are stationary in order to have accurate regression result. The correlation analysis will be use to ascertain the co-movement of the independent variables in relation to the dependent variable while the Multiple Regression analysis were employed with the aid of E-VIEW version 9.0 for the purpose of testing the research hypotheses raised. The finding revealed that ATM and POS has positive significant effect on  ROE of DMB’s in Nigeria while INTB and MB has negative insignificant effect on  ROE of DMB’s in Nigeria. Hence, the study concluded that the relationship between financial disruptive innovations and performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria significant, and it’s affected the banking industry positively. It is therefore recommended that, Investment in technological disruptions has been proven to enhance the finance of Nigerian commercial banks. The banks should therefore give emphasis to efficient utilization of the financial disruptive innovations enabled services such as POS, MB, ATM and INTB.

Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Financial Disruptive Innovations, performance and Deposit Money Banks.
Esophageal Melanocytosis: report of two cases and review of a rare and misunderstood entity
Authors: Dubail A , Dano H , de Suray N , Hassaini H , Jouret-Mourin A
Published: November 2022

Esophageal melanocytosis (EM) is a rare entity, which is characterized by a non-atypical melanocytic proliferation and melanin deposits in the esophageal mucosa. The confusion between the terms of melanosis and melanocytosis in the literature, the rarity of this lesion (less than 50 cases reported in the literature), its uncertain pathobiological course and the lack of experience of pathologists and gastroenterologists prompt us to draw the attention to this particular entity by reporting two cases and reviewing the literature. Magnifying endoscopy to observe intensive melanin accumulation followed by a biopsy are key for the diagnosis.
Spontaneous perforated duodenal diverticulum: a case series
Authors: Coevoet D , Anné F , Schouten JNL , Holvoet T , Naessens B , Verlinden W
Published: November 2022

Perforation is a rare but dangerous complication of duodenal diverticula. The nonspecific presentation makes the diagnosis difficult. Despite mainly treated surgically, recent case reports describe good clinical outcomes after conservative treatment. We present 2 cases of a spontaneous perforated duodenal diverticulum treated conservatively with favourable clinical outcome.