bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epigenetics of nonobstructive azoospermia
Authors: Gunes Sezgin , Metin Mahmutoglu Asli , Hekim Neslihan
Published: September 2024

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe and heterogeneous form of male factor infertility caused by dysfunction of spermatogenesis. Although various factors are well defined in the disruption of spermatogenesis, not all aspects due to the heterogeneity of the disorder have been determined yet. In this review, we focus on the recent findings and summarize the current data on epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and different metabolites produced during methylation and demethylation and various types of small noncoding RNAs involved in the pathogenesis of different groups of NOA.
Approved and Emerging Hormone-Based Anti-Obesity Medications: A Review Article
Authors: Sidrak Wael R. , Kalra Sanjay , Kalhan Atul
Published: September 2024

Obesity is a heterogeneous, complex, and chronic disease that has a detrimental impact on disability-adjusted life years across the globe. Recent advancements in our understanding of gut-brain communication at the molecular level have driven the development of next-generation anti-obesity medications (AOMs). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) remain the front-runners in this rapidly evolving landscape of hormone-based AOMs. Two GLP1RAs, namely Liraglutide and Semaglutide, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicine Agency (EMA) for use in clinical practice for weight loss. Three oral GLP1RAs, namely Semaglutide, Danuglipron, and Orforglipron, are undergoing advanced clinical trials in individuals with obesity. Amylin receptor agonist (AMYRA) Cagrilintide, when used alone or in combination with Semaglutide, has demonstrated substantial weight reduction in clinical trials. Tirzepatide, a dual agonist for the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1 receptors, has been observed to be associated with a significant placebo-subtracted weight reduction of 17.8% in a 72-week randomized controlled trial. Novel approaches targeting glucagon signalling have also yielded promising preliminary results. Three long-acting GLP1R/glucagon receptor (GCGR) dual agonists, namely Survodutide, Mazdutide, and Pemvidutide, exhibited significant weight loss in clinical trials. Retatrutide, a GLP1R/GCGR/GIPR tri-agonist, has been associated with a placebo-subtracted weight reduction of -22.1% in a 48-week phase-II trial. As a note of caution, long-term data on such medications’ safety and cardiovascular benefits is yet to be ascertained. Our review provides a comprehensive overview of the approved and emerging hormone-based AOMs, highlighting the diversity of options that might become available in the near future.
Efficacy and Safety of Cagrilintide Alone and in Combination with Semaglutide (Cagrisema) as Anti-Obesity Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dutta Deep , Nagendra Lakshmi , Harish BG , Sharma Meha , Joshi Ameya , Hathur Basavanagowdappa , Kamrul-Hasan ABM
Published: September 2024

No meta-analysis has analysed role of cagrilintide as weight-loss medication in obese individuals. Electronic databases were searched for RCTs involving obese individuals receiving cagrilintide or cagrilintide-2.4 mg with semaglutide-2.4 mg combination (Cagrisema) compared to placebo/active comparator. Primary outcomes were changes in body weight; secondary outcomes were alterations in glycemia, lipids, and adverse events. From 678 articles, data from 3 RCTs involving 430 individuals were analysed. At 20–32 weeks, patients receiving Cagrisema weekly had significantly greater percentage [mean difference (MD)−9.07% (95%CI: −11.91, −6.23); P < 0.00001;I
2 = 96%] and absolute [MD-9.11 kg (95%CI: −12.84, −5.39); P < 0.00001; I
2 = 98%] weight-loss, compared to semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly. At 26–32 weeks, cagrilintide 2.4 mg had a similar percentage [MD − 1.83% (95%CI: −4.08, −0.42); P = 0.11; I
2 = 98%] and absolute [MD − 1.88 kg (95%CI: −4.23,0.47); P = 0.12; I
2 = 98%] weight-loss, compared to semaglutide/liraglutide. Treatment-emergent and serious adverse events were comparable between groups. Gastrointestinal adverse events and vomiting were significantly higher with Cagrisema compared to semaglutide. Vomiting was significantly lower with cagrilintide compared to semaglutide/liraglutide. Cagrisema outperforms semaglutide regarding weight loss. Cagrilintide shows comparable weight loss to semaglutide/liraglutide with significantly lower vomiting.
Beliefs, Knowledge, and Perception of Indonesian Mental Healthcare Workers Regarding Mental Illness: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Marthoenis Marthoenis
Published: September 2024

Background:

The actions of healthcare workers in treating and caring for people with mental illness are influenced by various factors. Therefore, this study aimed to assess beliefs, knowledge, and perception of Indonesian Mental Healthcare Workers (MHWs) regarding mental illness.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 173 MHWs in May 2021 using a newly developed questionnaire distributed through convenience sampling methods.

Results:

Most respondents were female (n = 135, 77.14%) and married (n = 148, 84.57%), with a mean (SD) of age of 37.57 (6.55) years old. Most believed that mental illness was caused by personal weakness (n = 131, 74.86%) and often led to mental retardation (n = 115, 65.71%). Furthermore, approximately half of this population believed mental illness could be cured through marriage (n = 80, 45.71%).

Conclusions:

The evaluated MHWs commonly held misconceptions about the cause and treatments of mental illness. Consequently, relevant training was recommended to be performed for mental health literacy enhancement.
Prevalence of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia in Iran: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abdollahpour Sedigheh , Khadivzadeh Talat , Shafeei Mahla , Arian Mahdieh
Published: September 2024

Background:

Preeclampsia is a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. A previous systematic review was carried out in Iran in 2014. Due to the importance of this issue, a current evaluation is necessary after ten years. This research was performed to determine the prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Iran.

Materials and Methods:

Adhering to the PRISMA guideline, we searched English databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Persian databases including SID, Magiran, and IranMedex on August 20, 2023, to identify studies reporting the prevalence of preeclampsia or eclampsia in Iran. Employing a focused term strategy and eligibility criteria, we ultimately included 55 studies in this review. After conducting a thorough evaluation, the CMAV3 software was utilized to analyze the data using the random effects model and calculate pooled results.

Results:

The overall prevalence of preeclampsia among Iranian mothers was 5.3%, while eclampsia accounted for 0.1% of live births. Notably, preeclampsia rates have risen since 2015, whereas eclampsia rates have declined over time. Single-variable meta-regression results indicated a negative correlation between age and preeclampsia.

Conclusions:

Preeclampsia is increasing among Iranian mothers, requiring an investigation into its risk factors, including maternal age, and consequently, high-risk pregnancies. Conversely, the decreasing occurrence of eclampsia indicates an enhancement in the quality of care following a preeclampsia diagnosis.
The Burden and Coping Mechanisms among the Caregivers of Immobilized Elderly Patients: A Multinational Comparative Study
Authors: Hafez Sameer H. , Abualruz Hasan , Mohamed Noha A. , Alwesabi Sadeq A. , Alkhadher Mugahed A. , Harfoush Mohamed S.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Caregivers face various difficulties that put a huge burden on them, especially when dealing with immobilized elderly patients. This study aimed to compare caregivers’ burdens and coping mechanisms during the care of immobilized elderly patients.

Materials and Methods:

The descriptive comparative design was adopted for this study in Najran City, Saudi Arabia, and Damanhour City, Egypt, in 2022. A total of 104 caregivers were conveniently selected over 3 months of data collection using the following tools: Elderly Patient Caregivers’ Knowledge, Elderly Caregivers’ Practice, The Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire, and Zarit Burden Inventory. The authors used descriptive statistics (mean, frequencies, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Chi-square, t-test, Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation) to analyze the data.

Results:

In Najran, 57.70% of caregivers experienced a mild level of burden compared to 30.80% in Damanhour, indicating a significant difference in the total level of burden between the two groups (X2 = 7.90, df = 2, p = 0.01). The mean coping mechanism score among caregivers in Najran is significantly higher than the mean among caregivers in Damanhour. The duration of providing the care significantly influenced the total level of burden, the total level of practice, the coping mechanism, the income, the availability of health care, and the presence of additional caregivers, with all p values <0.05.

Conclusions:

It is essential to integrate nurses and caregivers into educational programs to help them cope effectively with the challenging duties they undertake. Based on the findings of this study, interventional studies to reduce the burden and improve coping among caregivers are recommended.
Evaluation of the Impact of Surface Modification with Air Abrasion (sandblasting) and Ultraviolet Radiation on the Retention Strength of Polyetherether Ketone (PEEK) Coping in Relation to the Underlying Dentin Abutments: An in vitro Study
Authors: Mithran Akash , Upwanshi Vandana Rajput , Alqahtani Ismail Mohammed , Alqahtani Sultan Jaber M. , Nayak Prajna P. , Alsharif Abdulhakim Ali , Babu J. Suresh , Swarnalatha C. , Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Published: September 2024

Objective:

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of surface modifications of polyetherether ketone (PEEK) with air abrasion (sandblasting) and ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation) on the retention strength of PEEK copings in relation to the underlying dentin abutments.

Settings and Design:

The present study is an in vitro study design.

Materials and Methods:

For the present in vitro study, 36 non-carious, intact maxillary premolars were collected, and the specimens were divided into three groups: including Group A, wherein surface modification was accomplished with air abrasion (sandblasting); Group B, wherein surface modification was accomplished using 172–308 nm UV radiation; and Group C, wherein surface modification was accomplished using air abrasion (sandblasting), followed by treatment with UV radiation. The PEEK copings, bonded to the underlying dentin abutments, were subjected to a pull-off test using the Hounsfield universal testing machine, while the maximum load (force) value, at which debonding of the copings from specimens was observed, was recorded and subjected to statistical analysis. Due to the non-normal distribution of the variables, subsequent multiple comparisons between different groups were performed using Kruskal–Wallis H-test. Also, post hoc analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction applied to conduct pairwise comparisons among independent groups.

Results:

Kruskal–Wallis H-test used revealed a significant difference among all the test groups (P < 0.001), while variations in the median retention strength values obtained were found to be statistically significant when compared between Group A and Group C specimens (P = 0.033) and statistically highly significant between Group A and Group B, and Group B and Group C specimens (P < 0.001) on post hoc analysis by Mann–Whitney U-test for pairwise comparisons among independent groups.

Conclusion:

Based on the findings obtained, it could be concluded that the median retention strength measured was highest for Group C specimens (9.045 MPa), followed by Group A specimens (8.365 MPa), and least for Group B specimens (5.36 MPa).
Study of Outcome of Proximal Femur Nails Antirotation- II in Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures: A Study in Vidarbha Region
Authors: Kamal Salim , Kukde Padmanabh , Ahssan Saquib , Deshmukh Sangram , Koichade Maruti
Published: September 2024

Background:

In the Asian population, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation II (PFNA-II), an implant device is one of the treatment modalities designated to treat unstable osteoportotic intertrochanteric fractures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the functional outcome of PFNA-II in intertrochanteric femur fractures (that includes both stable and unstable).

Objective:

The objective is to analyze clinico-radiological and functional outcomes of unstable intertrochanteric fractures by PFNA-II.

Methodology:

This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics at Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur (Vidarbha region) from August 2018 to August 2020. Patients’ demographic data such as age, gender, occupation, mode of injury, mode of trauma, presence of any co-morbidities, and fracture classification of the normal hip were recorded, from all the included patients 24 months follow-up was noted. The Boyd and Griffin’s classification was used. In the present study, the implant-related complications, including blade cutout, varus collapse, and loss of reduction, were observed. The functional evaluation of the patients was done based on the Modified Harris Hip Score.

Outcome of the Study:

Approximately 25 patients with radiological diagnosis of unstable intertrochanteric femur fractures were considered, out of which 13 (52%) patients were male and 12 (48%) patients were female, with the mean age of 68.61 ± 7.79 years, over the range of 40–90 years. The majority of cases were found to be in Boyd and Griffin classification, i.e., around 15 (60%), while in the Type III classification, there were 10 (40%) cases, and in the Type IV classification none of the cases were noted.

Conclusion:

PFNA-II provides good outcomes, low morbidity, and high mortality in elderly Indian populations with unstable intertrochanteric fractures. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study done in Vidarbha region that focuses on the utility and feasibility of PFNA-II implant and represents its functional outcome.
Readability of informed consent documents and its impact on consent refusal rate
Authors: Kamath Yash V. , Shetty Yashashri C. , Lanjewar Ishita C. , Kulkarni Ankita
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Informed consent documents (ICDs) are integral to a research project and must provide all required information to the participant. We undertook a 6-year retrospective cross-sectional analysis of ICDs to assess the same.

Methods:

We accessed 300 ICDs from studies submitted to institutional ethics committee. Studies were selected using random proportional-to-size sampling across years and study types (thesis, pharma, government, investigator initiated [OA] studies). We used the Flesch–Kincaid Reading Ease Score (FRES), estimated reading time (ERT) and scored ICDs out of 13 points on the basis of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-mandated headings (ICD Quality Score [IQS]). Information pertaining to the consent refusal rate (CRR) of each study was correlated with FRES, ERT, and other parameters. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Two hundred and ninety-three ICDs had complete information. Median FRES was 48.3 (interquartile range [IQR] = 7), median ERT was 4.5 min (IQR = 1.3), the median expected duration of participation was 35 min (IQR = 40); compensation was provided by 23 projects and median compensation was Rs. 2500 (IQR = Rs. 4750). Mean IQS improved from 11.95 to 12.60 in 6 years (Kruskal–Wallis test, P < 0.001). FRES was weakly negatively correlated to the CRR (r = −0.120, P = 0.039), while the expected duration of participation was weakly positively correlated (r = 0.144, P = 0.014).

Conclusion:

Pharma studies performed better and ICDs have improved in their readability and ICMR guidelines compliance.
Association of intracranial large artery disease with long-term prognosis after ischaemic stroke
Authors: Liu Wan-Yun Sabrina , Narasimhalu Kaavya , Woon Fung Peng , Allen John Carson , De Silva Deidre Anne
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Intracranial large artery disease (ICLAD) is a common cause of ischaemic stroke and is associated with the risk of recurrent vascular events in the short term. We compared the incidence of various long-term vascular outcomes between ischaemic stroke patients with and without ICLAD.

Methods:

This was a longitudinal observational study of acute ischaemic stroke patients who were followed up serially for recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction or vascular death up to a median of 86 months. Transcranial colour-coded Doppler was used in the diagnosis of ICLAD.

Results:

Among the 581 ischaemic stroke patients studied (median age 63 ± 11 years, male 71%), 354 (60.9%) had ICLAD. In regression analyses adjusting for covariates, patients with ICLAD were more likely to have long-term composite vascular outcomes (hazard ratio [HR] 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–2.03, P = 0.041), myocardial infarction (HR 2.89, 95% CI 1.71–4.91, P < 0.001) and vascular death (HR 3.52, 95% CI 1.67–7.52, P = 0.001) but not recurrent stroke (HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.72–1.70, P = 0.652), at a median of 86 months as compared to patients without ICLAD.

Conclusion:

Our findings of poor prognostic impact of ICLAD on long-term recurrent vascular events after ischaemic stroke provide evidence for the need of specific, emphasised screening and secondary prevention, especially for coronary artery disease in this high-risk group.
Three decades of research in lymphatic filariasis-lessons learned
Authors: Krishnasastry Suma
Published: September 2024

Lymphatic filariasis (LF), one of the 21 Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) which is the second leading cause for disability globally. Wuchereria Bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori are the parasites causing this infection. World Health Assembly in 1997 declared LF to be eliminated and the Global Program to eliminate LF (GPELF) was launched by WHO in 2000 with the two strategies viz, 1) stop transmission of infection through Mass Drug Administration (MDA) and 2) to alleviate the suffering of the people affected with the disease through Morbidity Management and Disability Prevention (MMDP. The ‘Filariasis research unit’ recommended by WHO TDR and ICMR was established in Alappuzha, Kerala in 1989 for research studies related to LF. Over the last three decades 23 studies have been completed, which included different trials to find out the dose, effectiveness and safety of the various drugs used in preventive chemotherapy as single drug or combinations, for treatment of microfilaraemia,, various studies related to morbidity management in filarial disease, socio-economic aspects of filarial disability, Pharmacokinetic study of antifilarial drugs, Study on lymphatic filariasis in children, Studies on dignostics of LF, efficacy of drugs in management of lymphedema etc. In this article an attempt is made to explain the lessons learned from these studies and its importance in development of policy decision making for GPELF.
Uncommon clinical presentation by a common pathogen
Authors: Aggarwal Alisha , Tak Vibhor , Khera Daisy
Published: September 2024

A 10-year-old girl presented to the outpatient department with a complaint of burning micturition for the past 1 week, which did not resolve with over-the-counter medication. Urine culture came out to be sterile, while on follow-up, the patient complained of severe itching in the perianal region. Microscopic examination of urine wet mount revealed a planoconvex helminthic egg and the case is discussed further.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the skull with EWSR1 fusion and ALK and cytokeratin expression: a case report
Authors: An Hyeong Rok , Cho Kyung-Ja , Song Sang Woo , Park Ji Eun , Song Joon Seon
Published: September 2024

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) comprises of heterogeneous group of neoplasms that occasionally express epithelial markers on immunohistochemistry (IHC). We herein report the case of a patient who developed RMS of the skull with EWSR1 fusion and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and cytokeratin expression as cytomorphologic features. A 40-year-old man presented with a mass in his forehead. Surgical resection was performed, during which intraoperative frozen specimens were obtained. Squash cytology showed scattered or clustered spindle and epithelioid cells. IHC revealed that the resected tumor cells were positive for desmin, MyoD1, cytokeratin AE1/ AE3, and ALK. Although EWSR1 rearrangement was identified on fluorescence in situ hybridization, ALK, and TFCP2 rearrangement were not noted. Despite providing adjuvant chemoradiation therapy, the patient died of tumor progression 10 months after diagnosis. We emphasize that a subset of RMS can express cytokeratin and show characteristic histomorphology, implying the need for specific molecular examination.
THE INFLUENCE OF KEY OPINION LEADERS (KOL) AND CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT (CRM) ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE IN IBOX
Authors: Chandra Zelindio , Christian Michael
Published: September 2024

This research aims to examine the effect of Key Opinion Leader (KOL) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction as a mediating variable in IBOX customers. This research uses a quantitative method with an explanatory research approach. The sample used was 150 respondents who were IBOX customers in the Jabodetabek area. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with certain criteria. Data collection was carried out through online questionnaires distributed to respondents. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures) version 24 software.
Aku Membaptis Kamu Dengan Air Upaya Menafsir Matius 3:1-11 (Baptisan Yohanes) Melalui Perspektif Baptis Batak
Authors: Sibarani Daniel Parsaoran
Published: September 2024

Adegan baptis yang dilakukan oleh Yohanes merupakan sebuah kisah yang menggugah pembaca akan makna esensial akan ritual ini ketika dilakukan. Pemahaman akan ritual baptisan akan semakin terpahami terutama ketika kita mencoba membaca melalui perspektif baptis batak, dimana bagi tradisi batak sendiri air dan praktek baptis bukanlah barang yang baru tetapi merupakan sebuah ritual esensial atas pembersihan diri. Air yang digunakan oleh Yohanes pembaptis bukanlah air sembarangan namun sebuah air yang mengandung roh dan mana kehidupan yang membersihkan segala kekotoran termasuk dosa, demikian juga figur Yohanes sebagai seorang pimpinan ritual memberikan sebuah pemahaman bahwa dia diberikan mandat oleh Allah untuk membersihkan dosa dari yang dibaptis.
Mudanças nas propriedades do solo em uma cronosequência de uso na bacia do Rio Doce
Authors:   , Moreira Cintia Dayrane Duarte
Published: September 2024

As mudanças no uso da terra podem exercer uma influência considerável sobre a vegetação e as propriedades do solo, variando de acordo com a duração, o tipo de uso e o manejo do solo empregado. Nesse contexto, a análise dos padrões e das mudanças temporais no uso e cobertura do solo na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Doce, entre os anos de 1985 e 2022, revelou que as principais conversões de áreas de floresta natural ocorreram para pastagens, florestas plantadas e áreas de mosaico agricultura/pastagem. Com o intuito de caracterizar e comparar a qualidade do solo em áreas de povoamentos florestais (naturais e plantados) com aquelas destinadas à pastagem, dentro dos limites da bacia do Rio Doce, foram avaliados indicadores biológicos e químicos de qualidade do solo. Amostras foram coletadas em áreas com dois períodos de conversão (22 e 9 anos), com três formas de uso da terra (sucessão natural, cultivo de eucalipto e pastagem abandonada) e quatro profundidades do solo (0,0-0,10 m; 0,10-0,30 m; 0,30-0,60 m e 0,60-1,0 m), utilizando-se cinco repetições. A análise estatística dos dados foi conduzida considerando um delineamento sistemático em que os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 4. Os resultados revelaram diferenças significativas entre os sistemas de uso da terra e os períodos de conversão. Observou-se a predominância de bactérias, seguidas por actinobactérias e fungos no solo, em todas as situações. Notavelmente, o cultivo de eucalipto conduziu a menor diversidade nas comunidades microbianas, bem como a menor biomassa radicular, densidade e volumes de raízes, além de menores atividades enzimáticas e taxas de respiração. Por outro lado, o cultivo de eucalipto apresentou a maior quantidade de serrapilheira e maiores estoques de C total e em frações orgânicas do solo, além de maiores estoques de N total. Em conclusão, este estudo ressalta a importância das mudanças no uso da terra para promover a saúde do solo e a produtividade dos ecossistemas. Palavras-chaves: Diversidade microbiana; Manejo sustentável; Sucessão natural; Mudanças no uso da terra; Cultivo de eucalipto; Pastagem.
Análisis y evaluación de tramos críticos de los accidentes de tránsito en la vía Huancayo – Huancavelica
Authors: Ramos Paucar Celso
Published: September 2024

The relationship between the state of the roads and traffic accidents is very significant and can be analyzed from several perspectives; roads in poor condition can increase the risk of accidents, since they make it difficult to control the vehicle and can cause drivers to lose control. control or have to make sudden maneuvers to avoid them. Lack of regular maintenance can worsen the condition of roads Studies and statistics have shown that roads in poor condition tend to have a higher accident rate. This can include both minor accidents and more serious incidents, such as fatal collisions, the condition of the roads has a direct and indirect impact on road safety and the occurrence of traffic accidents. The primary objective of this study is to determine which parts of the Huancayo-Huancavelica highway, which runs through the Huancavelica and Junín regions, have the highest accident rates. A segment of the road network that offers a significantly higher risk of accidents than the typical part with comparable characteristics is called a critical section of traffic accidents. The Accident Number Method, the Accident Rate Methods and the Tax on Numbers method were among the many methodologies and analysis approaches employed to achieve this objective. The sections were examined and evaluated using each of these techniques, allowing the best methodology to be chosen. Data on vehicle traffic, traffic accidents and track geometry were collected along sections of National Routes PE-3S and PE-26. This allowed us to identify 12 critical sections of accidents and their underlying causes, concluding that the Rate Quality Control Method is the most appropriate. Additionally, mitigation measures are proposed for these critical sections in the short and long term.
MEASURING THE ANGLE OF ROTATION OF THE HEAD IN MAXILLOFACIAL PATHOLOGIES
Authors:   Penza State University, Murashkina T.I. , Badeeva E.A. ,   Penza State University, Badeev V.A. ,   Penza State University, Vasiliev Yu.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Arutyunov A.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Ayupova F.S. ,   Kuban State Medical University
Published: September 2024

The use of a fiber-optic micro sensor for measuring the angle of rotation of the patient's head in diagnostic systems for maxillofacial pathologies is justified, the principle of operation of which is based on measuring the change in the reflection coefficient of a round plate when the measured physical quantity changes.
DETECTION OF THE UNCONDITIONED REFLEX IN NEWBORNS WITH A MEASURING FIBEROPTIC DEVICE
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Plotnikova E.Yu. , Volobuev V.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Murashkina T.I. ,   Penza State University, Badeeva E.A. ,   Penza State University, Kulikova I.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Vasiliev Yu.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University
Published: September 2024

The article outlines the need to improve accuracy and reliability in assessing the physical pa-rameters of the fetus during childbirth by moving to objective indicators of the designated ar-ea. This will standardize the evaluation components and ensure their interconnection between different medical institutions. Objective indicators also allow you to collect and analyze large amounts of data, making it possible to identify hidden trends and patterns that may be missed in subjective assessments. Improved diagnostic accuracy and reduced errors will ensure early detection of abnormalities and timely measures to reduce the risks of adverse outcomes in the fetus and newborn.
STUDYING THE ASSOCIATION OF ALLELIC VARIANTS OF THE GENES IFNL3 AND IFNL4 WITH COVID-19
Authors:   N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and  Microbiology Ministry of Health, Nikolaeva L.I. , Stuchinskaya M.D. ,   N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and  Microbiology Ministry of Health, Shevchenko N.G. ,   N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and  Microbiology Ministry of Health, Krasnoslobodtsev K.G. ,   N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and  Microbiology Ministry of Health, Mukasheva E.A. ,   N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and  Microbiology Ministry of Health, Trushakova S.V. ,   N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and  Microbiology Ministry of Health, Burtseva E.I. ,   N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and  Microbiology Ministry of Health
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the work was to investigate the association of individual allelic variants of the polymorphic loci of genes IFNL3 (rs8099917 T/G) and IFNL4 (rs12979860 C/T) with the se-verity of COVID-19. No reliable association was found between individual allelic variants and T/G or C/T alleles of these loci of IFNL3 and IFNL4 with the severity of COVID-19 in residents of the Moscow region.
STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SYNTHESIS OF ENDOHEDRAL TELLURIUM FULLERENES
Authors:   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Ryabokon I.S. , Sedov V.P ,   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Molkanov P.L. ,   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova D.N. ,   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Suyasova M.V. ,   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Vznuzdaev M. E. ,   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: September 2024

The article discuss the possibility of synthesizing endohedral fullerens (endofullerens) of tellurium and converting them into a water-soluble form with the aim of subsequently obtaining endohedral fullerenols of iodine by irradiation with thermal neutrons. An experimental method for producing tellurium endofullerene, converting it into a water-soluble form, and studying the properties of the resulting product using spectroscopic methods is described.
MODELING THE DISTRIBUTION KINETICS OF СHARGED PHOTOSENSITIZERS IN LIMPHOID CELLS WITH ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN ELECTRIC FILD GRA-DIENTS ON THE NUCLEAR AND MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANES.
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Morozova G.I. , Askarova K.Z. ,   Patrice Lumumba Russian Peoples' Friendship University
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the role of three types of electrical transmembrane potentials (TMP) in the accumulation of the chlorine photosensitizers (PS) and fluorescent cation- probe DSM in tumor cells for the photodynamic therapy effectiveness. An kinetic model of the charged PS-chlorins dis-tribution in active lymphoid cells is presented in the form of nonlinear differential equations, in-cluding oppositely directed alternating electrical potentials on the internal mitochondria and nu-clei membranes. A computational experiment based on the proposed model makes it possible to obtain fairly solutions - kinetic curves, with the help of which one can predict the effectiveness of selected PS.
Depressed regions: problems of increasing the efficiency of using natural and economic potential
Authors: Исянбаев М.Н. , Колонских Л.Р.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена проблемам повышения эффективности социальноэкономического развития депрессивных регионов. Уточнено определение депрессивных регионов, описаны их характерные черты и установлены предпосылки возникновения. Разработаны механизмы повышения эффективности социально-экономического развития депрессивных регионов. Раскрыта необходимость технологической и структурной модернизации экономик депрессивных регионов. Предлагаемые механизмы повышения эффективности социально-экономического развития депрессивных регионов апробированы на примере Уральского, Северного и Северо-Восточного регионов Республики Башкортостан. Выработаны механизмы перевода экономик депрессивных регионов Республики Башкортостан на инновационный путь развития.

The article is devoted to the problems of increasing the efficiency of socio-economic development of depressed regions. The definition of depressive regions is clarified, their characteristic features are described and the prerequisites for their occurrence are established. Mechanisms have been developed to improve the efficiency of socio-economic development of depressed regions. The necessity of technological and structural modernization of the economies of depressed regions is revealed. The proposed mechanisms for improving the efficiency of socio-economic development of depressed regions have been tested on the example of the Ural, Northern and Northeastern regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Mechanisms have been developed to transfer the economies of the depressed regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan to an innovative path of development.
How to Tell a Story without Words
Authors:   University of Zagreb (Republic of Croatia), Brozović Domagoj
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on the narrativity in wordless comics, that is, in comics that do not use words or use them only scarcely. The verbal-visual duality of comics is always semiotically challenging. The absence of words in wordless comics foregrounds their visual component which carries additional narrative or aesthetic meaning for the comic as a whole. First, several contemporary narratological models are considered. Most often narratives are considered as a description of a series of situations and events, independently of the medium in which they occur. Among scholars of comic studies, the author presents Eisner and McCloud’s concept of sequence as a focal point of plotting in comics, which has similar characteristics to narrating and storytelling in literature. The author also explores several models of medium-specific modifications such as comic focalization markers, monstration, and graphic enunciation with special attention paid to wordless comics. Finally, the author demonstrates the proposed analytical model through two examples: Mirko Ilić’s Horizontal and Vertical (1978) and Ileana Surducan’s The Quest (2014).
Analysis of the Effects of Wheel Spacers on the Roll Stability of the Vehicle
Authors: Vaz Glenn Xavier , El-Sayegh Zeinab
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to identify the impact of tire spacers on the vehicle's overall stability and subsequently the influence of various kinematic factors due to the induced vehicle's roll moment. The placement of the spacers was studied as a function of the arrangement of the spacers and was compared to a model without spacers. The outcome of this project would be to highlight the importance of spacers to reduce the roll within a vehicle and to provide an idea for the customer about what orientation will provide the best results from the spacers that they have installed. Using the CarSim software, we were able to develop different accurate models within the scope of this study. A series of these models were then simulated using simulation software on a variety of real-life conditions in order to predict the behaviour of the vehicle under different conditions. These results were used to evaluate the handling characteristics of the vehicle and determine the ideal placement of spacers attached to the wheels in order to improve the vehicle's handling characteristics.
 
Received: 14 April 2024 | Revised: 31 July 2024 | Accepted: 20 August 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statament
Glenn Xavier Vaz: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization; Zeinab El-Sayegh: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
Synthesis of Thermoelectric Nanocomposites by Incorporating Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Bhattacharjee Jyoti , Roy Subhasis
Published: September 2024

Thermoelectric energy conversion technology is advancing by leveraging the Seebeck effect to transform waste heat into electricity. Oxide-based thermoelectric materials are particularly attractive due to their excellent figure of merit, chemical and thermal stability, and improved safety compared to chalcogenides. Despite numerous reported high-ZT oxides (ZT>1), maintaining their stability at high temperatures remains a significant challenge. The two-step process here involves blending precursor materials, dissolving them in a solvent, and reacting them to form thermoelectric composites. RGO-doped bismuth titanate nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). We successfully synthesized high-ZT doped n-type and Ag2Te (p-type) nanostructures via a sol-gel method, achieving uniform microstructures with desirable thermoelectric properties.  Ethylene glycol-based graphene was employed as an eco-friendly reducing agent. The synthesis method for nanomaterials incorporating reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as a dopant demonstrated an impressive Seebeck coefficient (S), a notable figure of merit, high carrier mobility (μ), and a promising power factor. RGO-doped bismuth telluride and Ag2Te thin films were deposited onto FTO glass substrates via spin coating for p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials. This research revealed a figure of merit around 1.8*10-4K-1 within the 800-900 K temperature range.
 
Received: 28 May 2024 | Revised: 16 July 2024 | Accepted: 20 August 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Jyoti Bhattacharjee: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing; Subhasis Roy: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
Dakwah Sufistik Sebagai Penangkal Radikalisme
Authors: Yudi Diah Titi Nawang , Halwati Umi
Published: September 2024

Islamic radicalism develops the principle that Islamic ideology must be upheld in state life. In its application, radical understanding tends to use violent means and also acts of terror. This is certainly compared to the islamic religious concept of rahmatan lil al-'alamin and the concept of proselytizing taught by the Prophet. In fact, the purpose of proselytizing is not in how much territory or how many people embrace Isam, but rather in the effort to sanctify the souls of its adherents. So that the concept of jihad, which has been echoed by radicalism, has a shift in meaning from its true meaning. This research uses a literature approach so that the data obtained are sourced from various books, articles and also notes from previous research. After the analysis, the results were obtained that the development of radicalism was based on the background of the fundamentalist understanding that developed in society. One method of proselytizing that can be used to suppress radicalism is sufistic proselytizing. In sufistic proselytizing there is the concept of mahabbah or love, where love here is not seen superficially rather than just the relationship with the god. However, love and establishing a good relationship with fellow human beings are also included in the path to reaching divine love.
ANALYSIS OF GLUTENIN GENES IN SPRING TRITICALE USING NANOPORE SEQUENCING
Authors: Полховская Е.С. , Дудников М.В. , Киров И.В. , Соловьев А.А.
Published: September 2024

Зерно злаковых культур содержит несколько фракций белков: альбумины, глобулины, проламины, глютелины. Последние две фракции формируют клейковину – нерастворимый в воде комплекс, определяющий основные технологические свойства хлеба. Тритикале является новым и перспективным гибридом пшеницы и ржи, который требует подробный анализ аллельного состава субъединиц запасных белков, что имеет большую практическую значимость, и, в совокупности с молекулярными методами, используется в селекции при создании сортов зерновых культур с высокими хлебопекарными качествами [1]. Гидрофобные белки глютенины вносят наибольший вклад в эластичность и вязкость теста, из которого производятся мучные изделия. Глютенины кодируются полиморфными генами Glu-1, находящиеся на длинном плече хромосом первой группы [2]. В каждом локусе (Glu-A1, Glu-B1 и Glu-R1) расположены два близко сцепленных гена: х– и у–типа. Ген х–типа определяет структуру высокомолекулярных субъединиц с большей молекулярной массой, а ген у-типа – с меньшей [3].

The grain of cereal crops contains several fractions of proteins: albumins, globulins, prolamins, glutelins. The last two fractions form gluten - a water-insoluble complex that determines the main technological properties of bread. Triticale is a new and promising hybrid of wheat and rye, which requires a detailed analysis of the allelic composition of storage protein subunits, which is of great practical importance, and, in combination with molecular methods, is used in breeding to create varieties of cereals with high baking qualities [1]. The hydrophobic proteins glutenin make the greatest contribution to the elasticity and viscosity of the dough from which flour products are made. Glutenins are encoded by polymorphic Glu-1 genes located on the long arm of chromosomes of the first group [2]. Each locus (Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-R1) contains two closely linked genes: x- and y-type. The x-type gene determines the structure of high-molecular-weight subunits with a higher molecular weight, while the y-type gene determines the structure of smaller ones [3].
STUDY OF INTERACTION OF VPG VIRUS Y WITH POTATO EIF4E TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTORS
Authors: Ражина О.Л. , Злобин Н.Е. , Лебедева М.В.
Published: September 2024

Картофель занимает ведущие позиции среди всех сельскохозяйственных культур. Под его возделывание уходят значительные территории, как частных хозяйств, так и крупных агрохолдингов. Наибольший вред картофелю наносят вирусные заболевания. Вирусы поражают растения, замедляя их развитие, а также приводят к снижению количества и качества урожая. Между растением и его семенем есть естественная преграда, защищающая зародыш от большинства вирусных инфекций, так происходит обновление посадочного материала.

Potato occupies a leading position among all agricultural crops. Significant territories, both private farms and large agricultural holdings, go under its cultivation. Viral diseases cause the greatest harm to potatoes. Viruses infect plants, slowing down their development, and also lead to a decrease in the quantity and quality of the crop. Between the plant and its seed there is a natural barrier that protects the embryo from most viral infections, so the planting material is updated.
ВВЕДЕНИЕ В КУЛЬТИВИРОВАНИЕ IN VITRO AMOMUM TSAO-KO CREVOST & LEMARIE SEEDS
Authors: Van-Quyet K. , Kalashnikova E.A. , Kirakosyan R.N. , Nguyen T.H.
Published: September 2024

Cardamom (Amomum tsao-ko Crevost & Lemarié) belongs to the genus Amomum Roxb. (Family: Zingiberaceae), is widely used as a flavoring and spicy ingredient in many traditional Vietnamese dishes; furthermore, it is also used in many traditional Vietnamese remedies to treat digestive ailments, malaria, bad breath, tooth decay, etc. Due to the presence of hard seed coat, cardamom has low seed germination potential.

Кардамон (Amomum tsao-ko Crevost & Lemarié) относится к роду Amomum Roxb. (Семейство: Zingiberaceae), широко используется в качестве ароматизатора и пряного ингредиента во многих традиционных вьетнамских блюдах; кроме того, он также используется во многих традиционных вьетнамских средствах для лечения пищеварительных заболеваний, малярии, неприятного запаха изо рта, кариеса и т. д. Из-за наличия твердой оболочки семян кардамон имеет низкий потенциал прорастания семян.
MODIFICATION OF THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE OF THE FC FRAGMENT OF THE ANTIBODY DIRECTED AGAINST THE HER2/NEU ONCOPROTEIN AND PRODUCED IN PLANTS
Authors: Шешукова Е.В. , Камарова К.А. , Ершова Н.М. , Комарова Т.В.
Published: September 2024

Развитие биотехнологии в последние десятилетия позволило рассматривать растение как «фабрику» для получения рекомбинантных белков. Благодаря высокому уровню синтеза в растительной клетке и относительной простоте очистки антитела являются одним из перспективных объектов для продукции в растении. В настоящее время существует около сотни терапевтических моноклональных антител, применяемых в терапии различных заболеваний [1], в том числе HER2/neu-позитивного рака молочной железы. HER2/neu принадлежит к семейству рецепторов эпидермального фактора роста человека.

The development of biotechnology in recent decades has made it possible to consider the plant as a "factory" for the production of recombinant proteins. Due to the high level of synthesis in the plant cell and the relative ease of purification, antibodies are one of the promising objects for production in the plant. Currently, there are about a hundred therapeutic monoclonal antibodies used in the treatment of various diseases [1], including HER2/neu-positive breast cancer. HER2/neu belongs to the human epidermal growth factor receptor family.
USE OF WATER-ABSORBING POLYMERIC MATERIAL BASED ON CHITOSAN AND ACRYLIC HYDROGEL IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Фатеев А.Д. , Успенская М.В.
Published: September 2024

Водопоглощающие полимерные композиционные материалы, благодаря своим уникальным свойствам, используются во многих отраслях промышленности, в медицине, а также в сельском хозяйстве [1,2]. В сельском хозяйстве водопоглощающие полимеры используются в основном в качестве “конструкционного материала” для создания требуемых условий, благоприятных для роста и развития растений и семян. Развитие современных технологий и методов создания новых полимерных материалов с заданными свойствами позволит повысить функционал их применения как в сельскохозяйственной, так и в пищевой промышленности.

Water-absorbing polymer composite materials, due to their unique properties, are used in many industries, medicine, and agriculture [1,2]. In agriculture, water-absorbing polymers are mainly used as a "structural material" to create the required conditions for the growth and development of plants and seeds. The development of modern technologies and methods for creating new polymeric materials with desired properties will increase the functionality of their application both in the agricultural and food industries.