bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRELATION OF PREDISPOSING, ENABLING, AND NEED FACTOR OF PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN PARTICIPANTS TOWARD UTILIZING PRIMARY HEALTHCARE
Authors: Puspitasari Sendhi Tristanti , Roesdiyanto  , Rizka Dita Maulidya
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) is a program aimed to reduce the vulnerability of the poor through conditional cash assistance for household need such as access to health and education services, immunization, and family nutrition fulfillment. PKH participants are given health insurance (KIS) facility, especially in Penerima Bantuan Iuran (PBI), to access health services. Total PBI participants in 2019 reached 28.81% with healthcare utilization only 13.34%. Preliminary studies showed that not all PKH participants have KIS and use health services. The aim of the study is to find out the correlation of predisposing, enabling, and need factors of PKH participants in the Thematic Village toward utilizing health services in Kendalkerep Primary Healthcare. Methods: This study is an analytic-observational study and cross-sectional approach with subjects all of PKH participants in Kampoeng Lampion Wangi, Kampung Warna Warni Jodipan, and Kampung Tridi. Data are analyzed by logistic regression and correlational test. Result: Results of analysis show that there is significant correlations of predisposing factor such as education (β = 1.689), employment status (β = 1.466); enabling factor such as health insurance (β = 3.045), access to healthcare (β = 2.819); and need is a perception of illness (β = 2.767) toward Kendalkerep Primary Healthcare by PKH Thematic Village participants. Conclusion: Based on Nagelkerke determination coefficient, health insurance and access is a dominant factor which affects the utilization Kendalkerep Primary Healthcare of 46% with correlational strength fair and correlational direction positive.
THE DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIETY SYMPTOMS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG INDONESIAN ADULTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Orlin Sisilia , Wijovi Felix , Evangelista Nadya Nathalia , Angelina Stella , Halim Devina Adella , Hamdoyo Audrey , Hariyanto Timotius Ivan , Cipta Darien Alfa , Kurniawan Andree
Published: March 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 outbreak has caused changes around the world with many polices remade to stop the spread of this virus since it started in 2019. Indonesia with the overall highest positive cases in South-East Asia has been challenged with prolonged restriction policy issued from early 2020 until now due to continuous increase of cases. This study aims to know the mental health of Indonesia citizens during early quarantine before it changed into restriction. Method: Indonesian version DASS-21 questionnaire was used in this cross-sectional study to assess Indonesian adults aged > 25 years old using an online platform from 22nd April, 2020 to 28th May, 2020, then analyzed using T-test and one-way ANOVA. Result: All participants have no depression and stress symptoms that meet the threshold for probable depression according to the DASS-21 instrument. On the other hand, 26.3% participants showed anxiety symptom with severity classified into mild (16.0%), moderate (8.9%), and severe (0.4%). Conclusion: This study also found relationship of depression, anxiety, and stress characteristic with gender, age marital status, and income in adults during pandemic. Where in this study shows male, younger age, unmarried status, and lower income people have higher scale of depression, anxiety, and stress characteristic. This finding may help Indonesia’s government and citizens to assess the restriction to mental health of Indonesian adults for further effective policy implementation.
CHILDREN ARE MORE EXPOSED TO ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN COVID-19 LOCKDOWN: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Karaca Sibel
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected people's quality of life. Unfortunately, the epidemic continues in various variants and it remains unclear how long it will continue. Children staying at home in the COVID-19 quarantine spent hours in front of the screen with online education. In addition, since they could not go out, they spent their free time in front of the screen using social media, playing computer games or watching movies. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of low-level electromagnetic radiation (EMR) that children are exposed to at home during the COVID-19 quarantine. Method: The research method is literature review. Results: Studies have shown that, during the quarantine period, children's use of telecommunication devices such as televisions, tablets, smartphones and computers greatly increases. It was determined that the range of radio frequency (RF), Wi-Fi, power lines, visible light and Bluetooth increased in the home environment. The electric and magnetic fields emitted from these devices contain EMR and can seriously harm the health of children, who are structurally more sensitive than adults. Conclusion: There are growing concerns that children staying at home during the COVID-19 pandemic will face health hazards in the future as they are more exposed to EMR.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL EATING, MEAL SKIPPING AND UNHEALTHY FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS
Authors: Zahrah Nisri Ina , Fanani Moh , Ardyanto Tonang Dwi
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Psychological problems can lead to emotional eating and meal skipping, which may impact unhealthy food consumption patterns. This study aimed to assess the interrelationship between emotional eating, meal skipping, and unhealthy food consumption pattern in adolescent girls. Method: This cross-sectional study included 122 samples of adolescent girls aged 13-15 years. The study was carried out in Tangerang, in June 2021. The data of emotional eating were measured by Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ), meal skipping collected by self-reported questionnaire of daily eating frequency, and unhealthy food consumption patterns measured by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Result: The results showed majority of emotional eater subjects more often consumed fatty foods (76.6%). It’s also found that adolescents  skipping breakfast were high in consumed sweet  foods (66.0%), while those skipping lunch (63.6%) and dinner (54.5%) were found higher to consume  fatty foods than others. In addition, multivariate regression analyses showed that simultaneously between the variables, only emotional eating variables had a significant  relationship with unhealthy food consumption patterns (p-value = 0.002), while meal skipping variables were not significantly related. Conclusion: It can be concluded that emotional eating can affect unhealthy food consumption patterns among adolescent girls, while meal skipping did not show  any meaningful effect.
EMPOWERING YOUTH IN CONTROLLING COVID-19 INFECTION AT THE IRMA AL-KAUTSAR MOSQUE SENOPATI HOUSING, CIKANDE, SERANG REGENCY
Authors: Talitha Salma , Pratomo Hadi , Safitri Ditya Fahlevi , Nailius Imelda Sussanti , Ridwan Muhamad , Afriyanto Dzul Fahmi , Revita Wendya Nidsy
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Since the WHO has stated that the COVID-19 is a pandemic, education and empowerment regarding COVID-19 in youths is needed. The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of providing online education on behavior and the process of empowering the youth of the Irma Al-Kautsar Mosque regarding the COVID-19 prevention protocol. Method: A mixed method was conducted in this study. Case study design was used for qualitative method and quasi-experimental design for quantitative. Total sampling was used on the population, which was youths aged 14-18 years (N=10). The data collection and retrieval techniques are group discussions and questionnaires about behavior. Results: The study showed that the group discussion resulted in three big themes, namely related to the COVID-19 prevention and education program, the needs of youth for education about COVID-19, and effective methods of disseminating COVID-19 information for youths. It showed a change in the frequency and percentage of behavior regarding COVID-19 and the prevention of infection in youths. The paired t-test showed that the knowledge domain had a significance value p <0.05 and for the action and attitude domain was  p> 0.05. Conclusions: There was a significant influence between providing education with knowledge improvement related to COVID-19 and prevention of infection among youth, while the attitudes and actions of youths were not significantly influenced by education intervention. Youth actively participated in empowerment activities for disseminating information related to COVID-19 on social media.
RELATIONSHIP OF THREE BASIC NEEDS BY MOTHER WITH GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AGE 3-5 YEARS IN MULYOREJO, SURABAYA
Authors: Nindyaningrum Salsabila Farahdea , Muniroh Lailatul , Rifqi Mahmud Aditya
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Fulfilling the basic needs of children (education, love and care) can influence the growth and development of children in a positive direction. This study was aimed to analyze the relationship between the patterns of education, love, and care given by mothers with the growth and development of children at 3-5 years in the Mulyorejo Sub-District, Surabaya. Method: This study was cross-sectional design with 72 children aged 3-5 years old as sample and   selected using simple random sampling. The data were collected from primary sources by interviewing mothers of children about her knowledge and the pattern of education, love, and care, measuring children’s anthropometry and interviewing Pre-Screening Questionnaire Test with children. The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Result: showed there was no relationship between education pattern (p = 0.122) and love pattern (p = 0.56) with child development. There was a correlation between consumption pattern (as a care pattern) of animal side dish with weight for age (p = 0.041; OR = -0.242), fruit consumption with weight for age (p = 0.010; OR = -0.301), and fruit consumption with weight for height (p = 0.025; OR = -0.264). Conclusion: Although there is no relationship between education and love patterns with child  development, in the care pattern, the consumption pattern of animal and fruit side dishes is proven to be related to the growth of children.
Defining the Most Generalized, Natural Extension of the Expected Value on Measurable Functions
Authors: Krishnan Bharath
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we will extend the expected value of the function w.r.t the uniform probability measure on sets measurable in the Caratheodory sense to be finite for a larger class of functions, since the set of all measurable functions with infinite or undefined expected values may form a prevalent subset of the set of all measurable functions. This means "almost all" measurable functions have infinite or undefined expected values. Before we define the specific problem in section 2, with a unique solution that allows "more" functions to have finite expected values, we'll outline some preliminary definitions. We'll then define the specific problem in section 2 (with a partial solution in section 3) to visualize the complete solution to the problem. Along the way, we will ask a series of questions to clarify our understanding of the paper.
Comparative Evaluation of the Models for Predicting the Rela-Tionship Between Electrical and Chemical Properties of Engine Lubricants: An Exact Monitoring Approach
Authors: Pourramezan Mohammad-Reza , Rohani Abbas , Abbaspour-Fard Mohammad Hossein
Published: March 2023

Condition monitoring is a primary principle for predictive maintenance. In this regard, several techniques have been employed, each of which has its strengths and weaknesses. In this work, the relationships between the electrical (ε', ε", tan δ) and chemical (Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr, Al, Si, Zn) properties of engine lubricants were investigated using soft computing models. The models' performance was evaluated considering some criteria, including RMSE and MAPE. The RBF model was determined as the best one to predict chemical properties (Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr, Al, Si, Zn) through electrical indexes (ε', ε", tan δ). The RBF’s parameters (e.g., hidden size and training algorithm) were then optimized for optimum performance. For instance, in the RBF model implemented to predict Al, the best hidden size and training algorithmic were 15 and 'trainlm', respectively. Finally, by sensitivity analysis it was observed that eliminating any of the inputs does not improve the performance of the RBF model performance. In general, the results of the current research showed that the electrical properties (e.g., ε', ε", tan δ) have the capability of estimating the contaminants in the lubricants which can improve the existing monitoring methods.
Probabilistic Hough Transform for Rectifying Industrial Nameplate Images: A Novel Strategy for Improved Text Detection and Precision in Difficult Environments
Authors: Li Han , Ma Yan , Bao Hong , Zhang Yuhao
Published: March 2023

Industrial nameplates serve as a means of conveying critical information and parameters. In this work, we propose a novel approach for rectifying industrial nameplate pictures utilizing a probabilistic Hough transform. Our method effectively corrects for distortions and clipping, and features a collection of challenging nameplate pictures for analysis. To determine the corners of the nameplate, we employ a progressive probability Hough transform, which not only enhances detection accuracy but also possesses the ability to handle complex industrial scenarios. The results of our approach are clear and readable nameplate text, as demonstrated through experiments that show improved accuracy in model identification compared to other methods.
Multiscale Entropy Algorithms to Analyze Complexity and Variability of Trunk Accelerations Time Series in Subjects with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Castiglia Stefano Filippo , Trabassi Dante , Conte Carmela , Ranavolo Alberto , Coppola Gianluca , Sebastianelli Gabriele , Abagnale Chiara , Barone Francesca , Bighiani Federico , De Icco Roberto , Tassorelli Cristina , Serrao Mariano
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of multiscale sample entropy (MSE), refined composite multiscale entropy (RCMSE), and complexity index (CI) to characterize gait complexity through trunk acceleration patterns in subjects with Parkinson's disease (swPD) and healthy subjects, regardless of age or gait speed. The trunk acceleration patterns of 51 swPD and 50 HS were acquired using a lumbar-mounted magneto-inertial measurement unit during their walking. MSE, RCMSE, and CI were calculated on 2000 data points, using scale factors (τ) 1-6. Differences between swPD and HS were calculated at each τ, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics, optimal cutoff points, post-test probabilities, and diagnostic odds ratios were calculated. MSE in the antero-posterior direction at τ 4 and τ 5, and MSE in the ML direction at τ 4 outperformed the other entropy measures in terms of discriminative ability and characterized the gait of swPD with 79%, 82%, and 78% probabilities, respectively, and correlated with the motor disability, pelvic kinematics, and stance phase. Using a time series of 2000 data points, a scale factor of 4 or 5 in the MSE procedure can be considered as a marker of gait variability and complexity in swPD.
The Relationship of Sociodemographic Factors with Near-miss and Missed Cases in Educational and Affiliated Hospitals in Makassar from 2019 to 2020
Authors: Meirisa Indah Ria Rezeki , Jusuf Elizabet C , Mappaware Nasrudin
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Maternal mortality remains a critical issue in achieving optimal health status. Evaluation through near-miss cases provides valuable data about morbidity to monitor the quality of obstetric services, which can be used to estimate the incidence of life-threatening obstetric complications. A study reported that the incidence of near-miss in pregnant women had a significant relationship with various non-medical factors, included sociodemographic factors. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship of sociodemographic factors with near-miss and missed cases. Methods:   This analytic retrospective study conducted in Educational and affiliated hospitals in Makassar. Data were retrieved from the obstetric referral registry from 2019 to 2020. Sociodemographic factors of interest include diagnosis, gestational age, maternal age, referral status, maternal parity, and economics. Results:  A total of 156 near-miss and missed cases were obtained from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. There was no significant relationship between maternal age (p=0.675), gestational age (p=0.38), parity (p=0.24), economic status (p=0.73), educational background (p=0.85), and referral status (p=0.16) with maternal near-miss and missed cases. Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and maternal near-miss and missed cases in Educational and affiliated hospitals in Makassar from 2019 to 2020. More studies are needed to evaluate other factors associated with near-miss and missed cases.
Effect of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Platelet-Rich Plasma Combination on Polymorphonuclear Cells in Wistar Rats Anal Trauma Model
Authors: Chandra Erwin , Sulmiati Sulmiati , Mariana Nita , Josh Fonny , Rachman Sachraswaty , Hamid Firdaus
Published: March 2023

Introduction: By relying on polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contribute significantly in the healing process. Through anal trauma model, this study examined the effect of SVF and PRP combination on PMN counts in vivo. Method: Three groups of twenty-eight eligible Wistar rats anal trauma model randomly assigned to receive SVF and PRP combination (Group A), normal saline (Group B), or healthy controls (Group C). On days 1, 7, and 14, we examined at PMN cell counts in Groups A and B. Group C were sacrificed early to acquire baseline data on PMN cells. Results:  On the first day, Group A had more PMN cells than Group B, but this difference faded by days 7 and 14. On day 1, the test revealed a significant increase in PMN cells (p=0.002). Conclusion:  Combining SVF and PRP can improve PMN cells' acute phase of anal damage repair in vivo
Trasvases culturales y traducción: de la literatura al cine. La adaptación de la novela Der Vorleser a su versión cinematográfica en lengua inglesa
Authors: Huertas Abril Cristina A.
Published: March 2023

Los estudios de traducción están expandiendo sus campos de trabajo e investigación más allá de la división tradicional de Jakobson. En la actualidad, los numerosos estudios que ponen de manifiesto las interrelaciones entre cine, literatura y traducción son clara muestra de esta tendencia. En este contexto, el presente artículo pretende analizar los procesos de adaptación de las obras literarias mencionadas en la novela en lengua alemana Der Vorleser que se han seguido para realizar la versión cinematográfica: The Reader. Para ello, estudiamos el concepto de adaptación desde una perspectiva abarcadora, de manera que se analiza junto con los procesos de traducción que requiere el código fílmico. Finalmente, este trabajo pretende resaltar las semejanzas y diferencias entre el texto literario original y el texto fílmico, debido tanto a las referencias culturales como a las divergencias entre códigos.
Improving Wireless Sensor Network Security Using Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Alhasnawy Laith H. , AL-Mashanji Ameer K.
Published: March 2023

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are promoting the spread of the Internet for devices in all areas of life, which makes it is a promising technology in the future. In the coming days, as attack technologies become more improved, security will have an important role in WSN. Currently, quantum computers pose a significant risk to current encryption technologies that work in tandem with intrusion detection systems because it is difficult to implement quantum properties on sensors due to the resource limitations. In this paper, quantum computing is used to develop a future-proof, robust, lightweight and resource-conscious approach to sensor networks. Great emphasis is placed on the concepts of using the BB84 protocol with the AES algorithm in WSN security. The results of analysis indicated a high level of security between the data by depending on the generation of secure keys, and reached an accuracy rate of about (80-95) % based on using NIST statistical. The efficiency of the work increased to 0.704 after using the Quantum Bit Error Rate equation, eventually increasing the network performance. This results in the reduction of the overall amount of energy, and the time required for performing the key exchange in the encryption and decryption processes decreased.
Understanding Well Spacing and Stacking in Vaca Muerta Fm. Using Interference Tests and Tracers
Authors: Irazuzta Verónica Laura , Klix Belén , Solís Diego , Herrero Clar Francisco , Alvarez Matias Guillermo
Published: March 2023

La Calera is an unconventional wet gas field located close to Añelo city in Neuquén province. There are currently 30 horizontal wells in production from Vaca Muerta formation, drilled at three different landings in 3-wells pads. As in every unconventional asset development, well spacing stands as one of the main optimization objectives in order to maximize project net present value. This paper aims to show that performing interference tests at different times of the life of a well can help to get a better understanding of the optimum well spacing.

This study is focused on the analysis of several interference tests performed on a specific pad with three horizontal wells. So far, four interference tests were conducted with downhole pressure measurement. The first test had the objective of analyzing the interference between the wells after being fractured and first opened. After two years of production, all three wells were closed to minimize frac hits effects from child wells being stimulated 350 m (1150 ft) apart. A second interference test was performed before the stimulation of the child wells and a third one was done after it. Finally, when the child wells were first opened, a fourth test was performed between parent and child wells.

The information analyzed consists of pressure registers from well head sensors and downhole gauges located in the parent wells and gas and liquid production information measured in both pads. In order to complete the analysis, water tracers were injected in the child wells and then sampled in all the six wells.

During the first test, moderate interference was observed among the three wells even though there is a vertical offset of 120 m (400 ft) between the lower and upper landing. The second test helped to quantify how interferences varied after two years of production. Important frac hits were observed during stimulation of the child wells using well head pressures gauges. Once the parent wells were back on production, changes in water and condensate production were observed. Water tracers sampled in both pads incorporated valuable information as they showed that some fractures from the child wells affected parent wells although there was no increment in pressure detected.

All the information gathered will help to gain insight of the optimum well spacing, understand if a 350 m-spacing (1150 ft) is appropriate, and determine if a new interference test between pads should be performed after achieving a whole year of production from the child wells. Finally, it is important to establish if the risk of a possible loss of productivity should be considered for the parent wells when forecasting a full field development.
Discrete Measurements of the Least Horizontal Principal Stress from Core Data: An Application of Viscoelastic Stress Relaxation
Authors: McCormack Kevin L. , McLennan John D. , Jagniecki Elliot A. , McPherson Brian J.
Published: March 2023

The emerging Paradox Oil Play in southeastern Utah is among the most significant unconventional plays in the western USA. The mean total undiscovered oil resources within just the Pennsylvanian Cane Creek interval of the Paradox Basin are believed to exceed 215 million barrels. However, to date, less than 5% (~9 million barrels) of the total Cane Creek resource has been produced from fewer than 40 wells, and only approximately one-half of those are horizontal wells. More than 95% of production is from the central Cane Creek Unit (CCU). Natural fractures are a key feature of many production wells, but stimulation by induced hydraulic fractures is not consistently successful. We hypothesize that more effective production in this play will rely on better fundamental characterization, especially on better quantification of the state of stress. Approximately 110 ft of core, well logs, and a diagnostic fracture injection test (DFIT) were acquired from the State 16-2 well within the CCU. With these data, we applied two methods to constrain and clarify the state of stress. The first technique, the Simpson’s coefficient method, provides lower bounds on the two horizontal principal stresses and relies on only limited data. Alternatively, the viscoelastic stress relaxation (VSR) method is used to estimate the least horizontal principal stress, building on observations that principal stresses become more isotropic as the viscous behavior of a rock is more pronounced. Results of these two methods support the hypothesis that the state of stress in the CCU of the Paradox Basin is nearly lithostatic and isotropic. Other factors consistent with this hypothesis include high formation pore pressure, which tends to reduce the possible stress states by changing the frictional failure equilibrium; lack of induced fractures in the core, which should be present in the case of stress anisotropy; and interbedded halite layers, which given their high degree of ductility, probably lead to greater VSR for the entire sedimentary package.
Neuronal mechanisms of dynamic strategic competition
Authors: Jiang Yaoguang , McDonald Kelsey , Pearson John , Platt Michael
Published: March 2023

Competitive social interactions, as in chess or poker, often involve multiple moves and countermoves deployed tactically within a broader strategic plan. Such maneuvers are supported by mentalizing or theory-of-mind—reasoning about the beliefs, plans, and goals of an opponent. The neuronal mechanisms underlying strategic competition remain largely unknown. To address this gap, we studied humans and monkeys playing a virtual soccer game featuring continuous competitive interactions. Humans and monkeys deployed similar tactics within broadly identical strategies, which featured unpredictable trajectories and precise timing for kickers, and responsiveness to opponents for goalies. We used Gaussian Process (GP) classification to decompose continuous gameplay into a series of discrete decisions predicated on the evolving states of self and opponent. We extracted relevant model parameters as regressors for neuronal activity in macaque mid-superior temporal sulcus (mSTS), the putative homolog of human temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), an area selectively engaged during strategic social interactions. We discovered two spatially-segregated populations of mSTS neurons that signaled actions of self and opponent, sensitivities to state changes, and previous and current trial outcomes. Inactivating mSTS reduced kicker unpredictability and impaired goalie responsiveness. These findings demonstrate mSTS neurons multiplex information about the current states of self and opponent as well as history of previous interactions to support ongoing strategic competition, consistent with hemodynamic activity found in human TPJ.
Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Block Using Bupivacaine - Magnesium Sulphate Versus Bupivacaine - Dexmedetomidine in Lumbar Spine Surgeries. A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Refaat Sameh Ahmed , Abdelmageed Walid Mohammed , Alwedeny Hadil Magdy , Fouly Mohammed Abdelmoneim , Soliman Ehab Hussein
Published: March 2023

Background: Since the introduction of Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) in 2016 it has been used with success in various thoracic, abdominal, and back surgeries. Many theories have been suggested for its mechanism of action, although the exact mechanism remains unknown. Spine surgeries result in significant postoperative pain, while using postoperative opioids provide adequate pain control in most of the cases, some cases still suffer from uncontrolled pain and patients receiving multiple doses of opioids suffer from various side effects including postoperative nausea and vomiting, constipation, and delayed ambulation. The aim of the study was to compare between the adjuvant effect of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate given along with bupivacaine 0.25% in ESPB.
Methods: This was a prospective randomized single blinded study including 52 patients divided in 2 groups; one receiving ESPB with a combination of bupivacaine 0.25% and magnesium sulfate and the other receiving the same block with a combination of bupivacaine 0.25% and dexmedetomidine. Statistical analysis for data collected was done using the (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 26. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of the data distribution. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation, median, inter-quartile range, minimum and maximum as appropriate.
Results: The group receiving bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine showed a significant decrease in intraoperative pulse and blood pressure compared to the other group (p< 0.05). They showed a prolonged postoperative analgesia duration as well and a decreased total opioid consumption (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: Although dexmedetomidine results in prolonged postoperative analgesia duration compared to magnesium sulfate when combined with bupivacaine 0.25% in ESPB, its negative effects on hemodynamics should be considered.
Trial registration: This trial was registered retrospectively on Clinicaltrials.gov registry (NCT05694897) on 23/1/2023.
Amplification of Chinook Heatwaves in a Warming Climate
Authors: Lackmann Gary
Published: March 2023

A category of dynamically forced warm-season heat events are associated with Chinook (or foehn) flows in the vicinity of substantial topography. Latent warming of such flows exhibits exponential dependence on temperature, which for warm-season events, can result in extreme heat. The June 2021 Western North American heatwave event featured air trajectories that experienced latent warming over the Gulf of Alaska and during orographic ascent in coastal regions of Southeast Alaska. Thermodynamic analysis of air trajectories demonstrates that a Chinook-type mechanism can explain the extreme lower-tropospheric warmth in coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia. Using projected end-of-century warming values for the trajectory source region, thermodynamic analysis and model simulations indicate that Chinook warming amplification of up to 75% would occur. This additional warming is driven by exponential growth of latent warming, a formidable amplifier of climate warming for this class of topographically forced heat events.
The Research Landscape of immunology research in spinal cord injury from 2012 to 2022
Authors: liu songlin , kuang yirui , yuan dun , huang haoxuan
Published: March 2023

To systematically analyze the research hotspots and dynamic scientific developments of immunology research in SCI, we conducted a bibliometric and knowledge map analysis to help researchers gain a global perspective in this research field. The bibliometric study we completed included 1788 English-language papers published in 553 journals by 8861 authors from 1901 institutions in 66 countries/regions. Based on the references and keyword analysis, researchers in the past 10 years have mainly focused on the research directions of "monocyte chemoattractor protein 1", "nitric oxide", "pain", and "nitric oxide synthase" related to immunological research in SCI. However, with the development of other new directions such as "extracellular vesicles" (2019–2022), "Regenerative medicine" (2019–2022), "stromal cells" (2018–2022), "motor recovery" (2019–2022), and "glial activation" (2019–2022). Researchers prefer to study the application of regenerative strategies in SCI, the mechanism of extracellular vesicles in the development of SCI, the activation of spinal glial cells in SCI, and the pathways of motor recovery. This bibliometric analysis of immunology research in SCI summarizes the current status of this research field. The relationship between extracellular vesicles, regenerative medicine, stromal cells, motor recovery, and glial activation is currently a major research frontier. Further research and cooperation worldwide need to be enhanced. We believe that our research can help researchers quickly grasp the current hotspot of immunology research in SCI and determine a new direction for future research.
Preventing Postoperative Infection In Liver Transplant Patients : Preoperative Assessment, Intraoperative Challenges And Postoperative Management
Authors: Li Xuexue , Huang Lisi , Pei XiaoShan , Liao Xiaoyan , Ni Lijia , Rui Shen , Chen Baiji , Duan Chaohui , Xie Xiaoying
Published: March 2023

(1) Background: Infection after liver transplant recipients (LTR) added a great burden to the healthcare system, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Infection prevention and control of LTR were particularly complicated due to application of immunological inhibitor and the surge of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.
(2) Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 131 patients with postoperative infections at our center from 2019 to 2021 and the impact of active screening for infection on epidemiology and outcomes.
(3) Results: Postoperative infections occurred in51.1% of LTR , a total of 149 isolates were detected in these infections patients. Time to tracheal intubation,hot ischemia time and tacrolimus concentration after LT were independent risk factors for postoperative infections. More isolated Gram-negative bacteria (65%) than positive bacteria (28%), then fungus (7%), were found. The predominant Gram-negative bacteria were Non-fermentative bacteria (31%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (15%). The main Gram-positive bacteria were Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS, 14%) and Enterococcus (6%). The main infections included pulmonary infections (38%), abdominal infections (28%) and bloodstream infections (19%). Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (24%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (21%) were the principal pathogens associated with pulmonaryinfections, while Klebsiella pneumoniae (18%) and CoNS (16%) were the main pathogens of abdominal infections. CoNS (27%) and fungi(23%)contribute to half of bloodstream infections. 49%(73/149) of the pathogens were detected as MDR, mainly including Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii (CRAB) (77%,10/13), CR Klebsiella Pneumoniae (CRKP) (46%,12/26), CR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPAE) (46%,6/13),Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (80%,4/5) and MRCoNS (67%,16/24).
(4) Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the risk factors and microorganisms' antibiotic resistance characteristics of LT infection, with detailed analysis from different sites of infection. We further provided the empirical regimens base on local antibiotics data to assist the clinician to early initiate appropriate antibiotic therapy and effective infection prevention strategies for common pathogens in different infection sites. More experience, improved surgical techniques, and meticulous donor evaluation will help to minimize infection rates in patients after LT.
Bug Fix Time Optimization Using K-medoids Clustering Technique
Authors: Fanoos MADONNA , HAMDY ABEER , NAGATY KHALED
Published: March 2023

In software engineering practice, bug triaging, assigning a developer for a bug report to fix it, consumes time besides being error-prone process. Most of previously proposed automation approaches focus on classification techniques. However, the developer workload and developer availability are taken into account in only a handful number papers. In this work, a new automated triaging approach is proposed, which automates the triaging process and optimizes the total fixing time, considering the developer workload, developer availability and the developer previous experience. The proposed solution leverages text mining and clustering technique (K-medoids algorithm). Linux, Eclipse and Apache repositories are explored for evaluating the proposed algorithm. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm (1) reduces the total fixing time by 58.16%, 22.84%, and 23.17% in Linux, Eclipse and Apache respectively, (2) normalizes the developer workload and (3) considers the developer availability in assignment decisions.
Development of an educational program to improve skills for preventing, diagnosing, and treating non-communicable chronic diseases for final-year medical students in rural and urban communities
Authors: García-Ulloa Ana Cristina , Chávez-Manzanera Emma Adriana , Almeda-Valdes Paloma , Real-Ramírez Janet , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos Alberto , Gomez-Velasco Donaji , Elias-López Daniel Benjamín , Muñoz-Hernández Liliana , Moreno-Loaeza Lizbeth , Martagon-Rosado Alexandro , Mehta Roopa , Alcántara-Garcés María Teresa , Arizmendi-Rodríguez Rodrigo , Velasco-Pérez María Luisa , Urbina-Arronte Luz Elena , Infanzón-Talango Héctor , Rojas-Torres Francis Evelin , Lara-Sánchez Carolina , Flores-Gonzalez Eduardo , Tinoco-Ventura Erendi , García-García Juan Eduardo , Kaufer-Horwitz Martha , Rodríguez-Flores Marcela , Vázquez-Velázquez Verónica , Vera-Zertuche Mauricio , Gotés-Palazuelos José , Oseguera-Moguel Jorge , Galindo-Uribe Jaime , Fernández-López Margarita , Hernández Norma , Cruz-Bautista Ivette
Published: March 2023

Background: The e-Learning with flipped classroom approach educational program is an alternative to online learning (e-Learning) and face-to-face learning for addressing the challenges related to long-distance skill training.
Methods: Consisting of weekly live-time virtual sessions with expert physicians, available resources including updated guidelines, review articles, and blog interactions between colleagues for discussing the clinical cases to improve learning techniques. The availability of all the content (recorded lectures and bibliography) at any time for review is an important aspect for easy learning. This multimodal approach was directed to medical students working in rural communities to get the necessary skills for preventing, diagnosing, treating, and improving the quality of care in non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCD). In addition, this model includes a pre and post-course evaluation, a quality of care test, and a dropout and satisfaction survey. The students who obtain the approving grade at the end of the course get a certificate with medical endorsement.
Engineering grain boundaries in monolayer molybdenum disulfide for an efficient water/ion separation
Authors: Han Yu , Shen Jie , Aljarb Areej , Cai Yichen , Liu Xing , Min Jiacheng , Wang Yingge , Zhang Chenhui , Chen Cailing , Hakami Marim , Fu Jui-Han , Zhang Hui , Li Guanxing , Wang Xiaoqian , Chen Zhuo , Li Jiaqiang , Dong Xinglong , Tung Vincent , Shi Guosheng , Pinnau Ingo , Li Lain-Jong
Published: March 2023

Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials have long been considered as ideal platforms for developing separation membranes. However, it is difficult to generate uniform subnanometer pores over large areas on 2D materials. Herein, we report that the well-defined defect structure of monolayer MoS2, namely, eight-membered ring (8-MR) pores typically formed at the boundaries of two antiparallel grains, can serve as molecular sieves for efficient water/ion separation. The 8-MR pores (4.2 × 2.4 Å) in monolayer MoS2 allow rapid single-file water transport while rejecting various hydrated ions. Further, the density of grain boundaries and, consequently, the density of pores can be tuned by regulating the nucleation density and size of MoS2 grains during the chemical vapor deposition process. The optimized MoS2 membrane exhibited an ultrahigh water/NaCl selectivity of ~6.5 × 104 at a water permeance of 232 mol m−2 h−1 bar−1, outperforming the state-of-the-art desalination membranes. When used for direct hydrogen production from seawater by combining the forward osmosis and electrochemical water splitting processes, the membrane achieved ~40 times the energy conversion efficiency of commercial polymeric membranes. It also exhibited a rapid and selective proton transport behavior desirable for fuel cells and electrolysis. The bottom-up approach of creating precise pore structures on atomically thin films via grain boundary engineering presents a promising route for producing large-area membranes suitable for various applications.
From countercultural ecovillages to mainstream green neighbourhoods - a view on current trends in Denmark
Authors: Nielsen-Englyst Camilla , Gausset Quentin
Published: March 2023

This paper describes how the ecovillage model for sustainability is currently spreading in Denmark through two different avenues. The first avenue the creation of new eco-communities inspired by the ecovillage movement. While traditional ecovillages have been established through bottom-up grassroot engagement, eco-communities are usually created through top-down municipal support or from the side by the involvement of professional community builders. A commercial market for eco-communities is emerging, creating a diverse range of eco-communities that attracts segments of the Danish population that the traditional bottom-up ecovillage model does not. The second avenue is the spread of some aspects of the ecovillage model to “mainstream” housing neighbourhoods through the green neighbourhood movement, when neighbours meet, discuss what kind of sustainable interests they share, and act together to change their environmental practices and to live more sustainably. Although eco-communities and green neighbourhoods will probably achieve lower carbon footprint reductions than ecovillages, they are exploring interesting avenues through which the spread of the ecovillage model, which is slow, costly, and exclusive, can be sped up and reach a tipping point. This evolution of ecovillages can trigger a mass movement that has the potential of bringing widespread changes, on a scale compatible with what is required to address the current climate crisis.
Virtual Learning Environment to Develop Specimen Collection Skills for Dried Blood Spots
Authors: Majid Hafsa , Jafri Lena , Rehman Shanzay , Jamil Azeema , Khanam Fatima , Shah Nadir , Khan Nasir Ali , Khan Aysha Habib
Published: March 2023

Objective:
The dried blood spot (DBS) specimen quality affects the newborn screening (NBS) results. For accurate newborn screening, a properly collected dried blood spot (DBS) specimen is required, hence, proper training for specimen collection is essential. We created a training module on Moodle, a virtual learning environment, to train allied health professionals (AHPs) on how to collect DBS samples. The purpose of this study was to determine the acceptability and viability of a virtual learning environment (VLE) for collecting DBS specimens.
A VLE module for AHPs and nurses was created on Moodle. Participants were enrolled, and upon completion, certificates were distributed. Data analysis included the total number of participants enrolled, participants who passed assessments, and unacceptable samples collected between March and December 2019 (onsite training) and January and June 2020 (offsite/online training).
Results:
55 nurses were trained on-site, while 116 nurses and AHPs completed the module and received certificates through online VLE-based training. The specimen rejection rate was reduced from 0.85% (43 rejected out of 5075 total specimens collected) to 0.5% (15/2375) after online training.
This study shows that by using a virtual learning environment, DBS specimen collection training can be provided to allied health professionals.
Experimental Study of True Triaxial High Pressure Subcritical Water Impact Fracturing
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Hu Shaobin , Wang Enyuan
Published: March 2023

A new fluid alternative to slick water for fracturing shale gas can reduce the waste of water resources and improve the extraction efficiency. For the new fracturing technology, the experiments of different release pressures under pre-injection and for pre-injection were conducted by using the self-designed true triaxial experimental system, and the pressure pulse curves were obtained to analyze the fracturing principle. The experimental results showed that: (1) the pressure rise curve in the reactor can be divided into five steps: initial reaction stage, linear pressure rise stage, rate slowdown stage, instantaneous pressure release stage and residual pressure stage;(2) Pre-filling mode fracturing requires smaller expansion ratio, weaker pressure degradation, resulting in better fracturing effect;(3) The increase in initial fracture length leads to an increase in the pressure required to extend the fracture, and high-pressure subcritical water impact fracturing achieved fracture extension by a lower fluid pressure;(4) The fractal dimension has a strong linear relationship with fracture complexity, which is a new option to evaluate the fracturing effect.
Correlation between donor acute kidney injury and recipient BK viruria after surgery
Authors: Liu Yiting , Kong Chenyang , Wang Tianyu , Zhang Yalong , Hu Haochong , Qiu Tao , Zhou Jiangqiao
Published: March 2023

Background
Donor acute kidney injury (AKI) may provide more donor kidney sources to organ banks and provide more transplant opportunities for patients suffering from kidney failure. The BK virus normally resides in the human body and is more likely to be activated in kidney transplant recipients. BK viruria occurs following the infection of kidney transplant recipients with the BK virus (BKV); this is followed by BK viremia. When BKV reaches the transplanted kidney, it will increase the probability of renal graft loss. Few studies have investigated the relationship between donor AKI and recipient BK viruria. In this study, we investigated the relationship between donor AKI and recipient BK viruria to provide more donor kidney sources for kidney transplantation.
Methods
We performed retrospective analysis on 338 kidney transplant recipients in our hospital between 2018 and 2021. These were divided into a BK viruria group and a non-BK viruria group. The initial donor and kidney transplantation characteristics of the two groups were evaluated, and the association between donor AKI and BK viruria was analyzed by univariate, multivariate and subgroup analysis.
Results
At the median follow-up time of 826 days (range: 527–1176) days, 55 of renal transplantation patients developed BK viruria; thus, the incidence of BK viruria was 16.3%. Approximately, 47.3% of BK viruria occurred within six months after kidney transplantation. Compared with the non-BK viruria group, the age (58[48,64] vs 53[45,60], P = 0.014), Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) (0.83[0.70, 0.92] vs 0.71[0.49, 0.87], P = 0.005)and Kidney Donor risk Index (KDRI) (1.42[1.22, 1.66] vs 1.24[0.99, 1.50], P = 0.005) of the corresponding donor were higher, the sCr before kidney transplantation(814.00 [640.50, 1085.00] vs 983.00 [781.00, 1194.00], P = 0.006), along with the proportion of patients with a Panel Reactive Antibodies (PRA) > 10% prior to surgery (5.5% vs 17.3%, P = 0.024), and the serum creatinine (sCr) 21 days after surgery (94.00 [78.00, 115.50] vs 105.00 [83.00, 136.50], P = 0.04) in the recipient were lower, and the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) prior to surgery (5.19 [4.06, 8.09] vs 4.61 [3.72, 6.32], P = 0.016) was higher. No independent association was detected between donor AKI and BK viruria by univariate, multivariate, or subgroup analyses.
Conclusions
In this single-center study, we found that there was no correlation between donor AKI and postoperative BK viruria with regards to donor after cardiac death (DCD). Thus, AKI donor kidneys can be used to alleviate organ shortages.