bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The March of Chatbots into Recruitment: Recruiters’ Experiences, Expectations, and Design Opportunities
Authors: Koivunen Sami , Ala-Luopa Saara , Olsson Thomas , Haapakorpi Arja
Published: June 2022

Organizations’ hiring processes are increasingly shaped by various digital tools and e-recruitment systems. However, there is little understanding of the recruiters’ needs for and expectations towards new systems. This paper investigates recruitment chatbots as an emergent form of e-recruitment, offering a low-threshold channel for recruiter-applicant interaction. The rapid spread of chatbots and the casual nature of their user interfaces raise questions about the perceived benefits, risks, and suitable roles in this sensitive application area. To this end, we conducted 13 semi-structured interviews, including 11 interviews with people who are utilizing recruitment chatbots and two people from companies that are developing recruitment chatbots. The findings provide a qualitative account of their expectations and motivations, early experiences, and perceived opportunities regarding the current and future use of chatbots in recruitment. While chatbots answer the need for attracting new candidates, they have also introduced new challenges and work tasks for the recruiters. The paper offers considerations that can help to redesign recruitment bots from the recruiter’s viewpoint.
The Teaching of Numbers in Common Preschool Activities: A Delicate Balancing Act
Authors: Palmér Hanna , Björklund Camilla
Published: June 2022

This paper reports on a combined research-development project conducted in collaboration between researchers and preschool teachers in three Swedish preschools. The aim is to investigate how ongoing preschool activities may become the starting point for mathematics teaching in which toddlers are given the opportunity to distinguish necessary aspects of numbers. One challenge in preschool education is the balance between children’s previous experiences and interests versus offering them new experiences and challenges towards a learning goal. In the article, empirical examples are used to illustrate how small changes in an activity may open up opportunities for toddlers to discern different critical aspects of numbers without losing the activity’s initial intention. Principles for how early numeracy education can be designed to achieve this balancing act are presented and elaborated on.
Applying the Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) to characterize the society–agriculture–forest system: the case of Huayopata, Cuzco (Peru)
Authors: Cadillo-Benalcazar Juan José , Silva-Macher José Carlos , Salinas Norma
Published: June 2022

The divergence between the disappearance of primary forests and the appearance of secondary forests indicates a set of circumstances that simultaneously converge in what we called the society–agriculture–forest complex. Such circumstances vary between places and over time and are associated with internal factors—factors originating within the reference system—and external factors—factors originating outside the borders of the reference system—restrict the use of standard strategies for any reality. We present a quantitative model that helps to understand the relationships of the society–agriculture–forest complex as a whole. This comprehensive understanding will allow a clearer discussion of the positive and negative consequences of prioritizing actions on any of the system components. Our model establishes a set of quantitative relationships among: (i) the requirements of food and timber products for society to maintain its structure and functionality, (ii) the level of openness of the society with respect to other societies for the exchange of resources, and (iii) the interface between the economic productive systems and the ecological productive systems. To test the model, the case of Huayopata (Peru) was studied. Findings suggest that the abandonment of agricultural production and, particularly, of tea favors the appearance of secondary forests. However, projects by the Congress of Peru to reactivate the production of tea without adequate technological support to improve the current processes that use firewood for boilers would put the forestry system at risk. In addition, a potential worker 'pull factor' could reconfigure the food system and impact on the local agricultural sector.
Detecting land use changes using hybrid machine learning methods in the Australian tropical regions
Authors: Sedighkia Mahdi , Datta Bithin
Published: June 2022

The present study evaluates the application of the hybrid machine learning methods to detect changes of land use with a focus on agricultural lands through remote sensing data processing. Two spectral images by Landsat 8 were applied to train and test the machine learning model. Feed forward neural network classifier was utilized as the machine learning model in which two evolutionary algorithms including particle swarm optimization and invasive weed optimization were applied for the training process. Moreover, three conventional training methods including Levenberg–Marquardt back propagation (LM), Scaled conjugate gradient backpropagation (SCG) and BFGS quasi-Newton backpropagation (BFG) were used for comparing the robustness and reliability of the evolutionary algorithms. Based on the results in the case study, evolutionary algorithms are not a reliable method for detecting changes through the remote sensing analysis in terms of accuracy and computational complexities. Either BFG or LM is the best method to detect the agricultural lands in the present study. BFG is slightly more robust than the LM method. However, LM might be preferred for applying in the projects due to low computational complexities.
Genotypic diversity and population structure of the apricot landraces of the Campania region (Southern Italy) based on fluorescent SSRs
Authors: Basile Boris , Rao Rosa , Corrado Giandomenico
Published: June 2022

Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is a cosmopolitan, major stone fruit species cultivated for its delicious drupes. Strong concerns about loss of diversity in apricot have been recently put forward mainly because of the enduring transition from local to globalized varieties more suitable for intensive agriculture. Italy, one of the top producing countries in the world, has arguably one of the richest apricot germplasms, with the Campania region being a traditional and leading area of cultivation since Roman times. This work aimed to study the molecular diversity of an ex-situ collection of local apricot varieties. They once flourished in conventional cropping systems, but are nowadays neglected, surviving in family farms, and sold only in local markets. We investigated the level of genetic and genotypic diversity, assessed clonality in the population, and verified the presence of genetic structure and differentiation in 73 apricot varieties by using fluorescent SSR markers resolved in capillary electrophoresis (SSR-CE). The analysis indicated a high level of genetic diversity (with little locus-specific differences) and of genotypic assortment, with few possible synonyms. Moreover, the investigation of relatedness among apricot landraces and the negligible within-landraces differentiation are consistent with a common origin of the germplasm, a likely result of an adaptive diversification that is mainly due to similar environmental and agricultural factors. This work highlights the value of the traditional germplasm where crops thrived. Moreover, it provides support for studying the possible mechanisms of evolution and adaptation and for implementing measures for the exploitation, regeneration, and on-farm promotion of the apricot landraces.
‘They ask no questions and pass no criticism’: A mixed-methods study exploring pet ownership in autism
Authors: Atherton Gray , Edisbury Emma , Piovesan Andrea , Cross Liam
Published: June 2022

Many autistic people cite a strong attachment to animals, and some studies suggest they may even show a bias towards animals over people. This mixed-methods study explored companion animal attachment in the adult autistic community. In a quantitative study with 735 people, we found that autistic adults were equally attached to their pets as neurotypicals but were less likely to own them, even though pet ownership corresponded with better mental health outcomes. Substituting pets for people also served as a compensatory mechanism for social contact in the autistic sample. In a second qualitative study, we explored the lived experiences of 16 autistic pet owners. The interpretive phenomenological analysis highlighted the benefits and the barriers to animal companionship. Together these mixed methods findings underline how pets improve the lives of their autistic owners. We conclude with specific recommendations for increasing animal companionship opportunities for autistic adults.
Forecasts of butterfly future richness change in the southwest Mediterranean. The role of sampling effort and non-climatic variables
Authors: García-Barros Enrique , Cancela Juan Pablo , Lobo Jorge M. , Munguira Miguel L. , Romo Helena
Published: June 2022

We estimated the potential impact of Global Warming on the species richness of Iberian butterflies. First, we determined the grid size that maximized the balance between geographic resolution, area coverage and environmental representativeness. Contemporary richness was modelled in several alternative ways that differed in how sampling effort was controlled for, and in whether the non-climatic variables (physiography, lithology, position) were incorporated. The results were extrapolated to four WorldClim scenarios. Richness loss is to be expected for at least 70% of the area, with forecasts from the combined models being only slightly more optimistic than those from the purely climatic ones. Overall, the most intense losses are predicted for areas of highest contemporary species richness, while the potential slightly positive or nearly neutral changes would most often concentrate in cells of low to moderate present richness. The environmental determinants of richness might not be uniform across the geographical range of sampling effort, suggesting the need of additional data from the least intensively surveyed areas.

Implications for insect conservation

Re-assessing richness and its environmental determinants in the area proves necessary for more detailed forecasts of the climate-driven changes in butterfly species richness. The expected future conditions imply widespread losses of regional richness, even under the less severe scenarios. Since the negative impact of warming is expected to be extensive, long term conservation plans should concentrate in the present protected areas of highest richness as these are most likely to represent the last refuges for mountain species.
Fascinating study of adding nanocomposite cobalt nano ferrite to silver nanoparticles accompanied magnetite impurity
Authors: El-Bassuony Asmaa A. H. , Gamal W. M. , Abdelsalam H. K.
Published: June 2022

The nanomaterials silver nanoparticles accompanied magnetite impurity (Ag–Fe3O4) (AF) and cobalt nano ferrite/silver–magnetite (0.3 CoFe2O4/0.7Ag–Fe3O4) (CAF) nanocomposite were prepared by flash auto-combustion using urea as fuel. This is the first time preparing this new nanocomposite material. The as-prepared nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This characterization affirmed that the nanoparticles were prepared in the nanoscale range with a cubic structure. The saturation magnetization of the CAF nanocomposite is 29-fold that of AF nanoparticles, and the coercivity of CAF is 19-fold that of AF. Moreover, a transformation from a soft hysteresis loop (AF) to a hard hysteresis loop for the CAF nanoscale makes CAF nanocomposite suitable for many technological applications, especially in a permanent magnet. Also, magnetic measurements showed that the operating frequency value of AF nanoparticles is very high in the radio wave region, and that of the CAF nanocomposite is an ultra-high frequency in the microwave S-band region. Unexpected behavior appeared for the antimicrobial activity of CAF nanocomposite. It was found that AF nanoparticles gave strong antimicrobial efficacy than CAF nanocomposite against the tested gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Thus, the AF and CAF nanomaterials are promising for many technological applications, especially biomedical ones for AF nanoparticles and a permanent magnet for CAF nanocomposite.
Validation of the “Study-Anxiety” Questionnaire: a scale for the initial assessment of university students seeking psychological help
Authors: Casali Nicole , Ghisi Marta , Rizzato Roberta , Meneghetti Chiara , De Beni Rossana
Published: June 2022

Students can turn to university counseling services for several reasons, ranging from study-related to emotional issues; yet, few instruments assess both dimensions. This study examines the validity of the “Study-Anxiety” Questionnaire (SAQ), a measure evaluating study strategies, motivation and anxiety in students seeking psychological help. Two samples of students (Sample 1 and 2, n = 910, Mage = 22.78, SD = 2.6) completed the SAQ only, while a third sample (Sample 3, n = 100, Mage = 23.22, SD = 2.3) also filled measures of self-regulated learning and anxiety. Exploratory factor analysis on Sample 1 indicated a 4-factor structure (cognitive and behavioral study strategies, motivation, and anxiety), confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis on Sample 2. The four factors presented satisfactory internal consistency; sex invariance was supported, as well as convergent validity with measures of SRL and anxiety. Overall, SAQ emerged as a reliable measure to capture academic and emotional difficulties.
Overcoming Procrastination: Time Pressure and Positive Affect as Compensatory Routes to Action
Authors: Kühnel Jana , Bledow Ronald , Kuonath Angela
Published: June 2022

The current work seeks to identify factors that support action initiation from the theoretical lens of self-regulation. Specifically, we focus on factors that reduce procrastination, the delay of the initiation or completion of activities. We draw from action control theory and propose that positive affect operates as a personal and time pressure as a situational factor that unblock routes to action. High positive affect makes people less prone to procrastination because positive affect reduces behavioral inhibition and facilitates the enactment of intentions. By contrast, when positive affect is low, people depend on time pressure as an action facilitating stimulus. We present results of a daily diary study with 108 participants that support our hypotheses. We replicate the findings in the context of work in a second daily diary study with 154 employees. We discuss benefits and drawbacks of the enactment of intentions under time pressure and implications of the results for how to reduce procrastination.
Videos with Hands: an Analysis of Usage and Interactions of Undergraduate Science Students for Acquiring Physics Knowledge
Authors: Garcia Victor , Conesa Jordi , Perez-Navarro Antoni
Published: June 2022

Videos created with the hands of teachers filmed have been perceived as useful educational resource for students of Physics in undergraduate courses. In previous works, we analyzed the students’ perception about educational videos by asking them about their experiences. In this work, we analyze the same facts, but from a learning analytics perspective, by analyzing the interactions that students have with the videos during their learning experience. With this analysis, we obtain how students behave and may compare whether their behavior aligns with the perceptions obtained from previous research. The data analyzed in this work corresponds to the students’ interactions with educational videos during 5 semesters in two different courses of Physics within online degrees of Telecommunication and Computer Science. It has been found that the topic taught in the videos has influence in the way videos are used by the students. Regarding the type of content (theory or problem-solving), problem-solving videos are more used by students, although interactions with both videos are similar. This difference differs with previous results based on students’ perception. The contribution of the paper is to provide more ground and knowledge about the way the educational videos are consumed in Physics courses. The new knowledge can be used to improve the way videos are incorporated within courses and, therefore, to improve the student learning experiences.
Possibilities and paradoxes in medicine: love of order, loveless order and the order of love
Authors: Eriksen Thor Eirik
Published: June 2022

We have a desire to discover and create order, and our constitution, including our rational faculties, indicates that we are predisposed for such productivity. This affinity for order and the establishment of order is fundamental to humans and naturally also leaves its mark on the medical discipline. When this profession is made subject to criticism, frequently in terms of well-used reproofs such as reductionism, reification and de-humanisation, this systematising productivity is invariably involved in some way or other. It is, however, problematic that we rarely delve deeper and ask what order means, or reflect on its underlying, omnipresent and self-evident role. In order to approach this challenge, we initially and briefly place order in a conceptual and historical context. In what follows, we examine order explicitly, i.e. made an object of study, by taking a closer look at extensive multidisciplinary efforts to uncover the secrets of all its facets. Here we also try to identify some systems of order in medical science, including methodological and procedural order, which are indispensable as well as a source of problems. In the sections that follow, order is not defined as an explicit object of study, but comes to light in some exploratory and philosophising projects based on physics, mathematics and phenomenology . Each of these lets order and that which is ordered emerge in ways that may also shed light on opportunities and paradoxes in the medical domain. Key themes here include the Gordian knot of psyche – soma, the order of disorder and the patient as Other.
Challenges and opportunities for restoration of high-elevation Andean peatlands in Ecuador
Authors: Suarez Esteban , Chimbolema Segundo , Jaramillo Ricardo , Zurita-Arthos Leo , Arellano Paul , Chimner Rodney A. , Stanovick John S. , Lilleskov Erik A.
Published: June 2022

Páramo peatlands are a regional reservoir of biodiversity and ecosystem services, accumulating large amounts of carbon and buffering water flows. Despite their importance, they have a long history of use and impacts including drainage for agriculture and grazing, and water withdrawal for human uses. Here we present a preliminary assessment of the conservation status of páramo peatlands in Ecuador and, using a case study, discuss peatland restoration as a tool for mitigation and adaptation to the impacts of current climate change. Through a simple index assessing the cumulative presence of signs of human activities on 163 peatland sites, we found that the level of impact was higher for peatlands located in the Western branch of the cordillera, whereas current human population density, precipitation, and elevation were not significant predictors of the levels of impact. Also, starting in 2017, we implemented a pilot restoration initiative on a 21-ha peatland which had been drained and converted into pasture for at least 150 years. The restoration consisted of two ditch blocking techniques implemented to stop fast-moving water and promote the rewetting of the peatland. During the next 3 years, water table increased from 27 ± 3 cm below the soil surface to 7 ± 1 cm by 2021, while wetland plant communities are colonizing and closing the pools in the blocked ditches. Re-wetting of the peatland has led to an increase in the abundance of native species. This case study suggests that restoration initiatives are an efficient and cost-effective approach to a better management of páramo peatlands, with high potential as a tool for mitigation and adaptation to climate change.
Sensory fields: the visual and the bodily
Authors: Serrahima Carlota
Published: June 2022

Philosophers of perception have been readier to postulate the existence of a visual field than to acknowledge sensory fields in other modalities. In this paper, I argue that the set of phenomenal features that philosophers have relied on when positing a visual field aptly characterise, mutatis mutandis, bodily sensation. I argue, in particular, that in localised bodily sensations we experience the body as a sensory field. I first motivate this claim for the case of haptic touch, and then generalise it to other kinds of bodily sensation. I demonstrate the theoretical fruitfulness of this notion of a bodily field for the debate on the phenomenology of bodily ownership.
A simple evaluation of a theta value, the Kronecker limit formula and a formula of Ramanujan
Authors: Chamizo Fernando
Published: June 2022

We evaluate the classic sum$$\sum _{n\in {\mathbb {Z}}} e^{-\pi n^2}$$∑n∈Ze-πn2. The novelty of our approach is that it does not require any prior knowledge about modular forms, elliptic functions or analytic continuation. Even the$$\Gamma $$Γfunction, in terms of which the result is expressed, only appears as a complex function in the computation of a real integral by the residue theorem. Another contribution of this note is to provide a very simple proof of the Kronecker limit formula. Finally, employing the evaluation of the sum and some other ideas, we also obtain an undemanding proof of one of the most emblematic formulas of Ramanujan.
Identifying and correcting invalid citations due to DOI errors in Crossref data
Authors: Cioffi Alessia , Coppini Sara , Massari Arcangelo , Moretti Arianna , Peroni Silvio , Santini Cristian , Shahidzadeh Asadi Nooshin
Published: June 2022

This work aims to identify classes of DOI mistakes by analysing the open bibliographic metadata available in Crossref, highlighting which publishers were responsible for such mistakes and how many of these incorrect DOIs could be corrected through automatic processes. By using a list of invalid cited DOIs gathered by OpenCitations while processing the OpenCitations Index of Crossref open DOI-to-DOI citations (COCI) in the past two years, we retrieved the citations in the January 2021 Crossref dump to such invalid DOIs. We processed these citations by keeping track of their validity and the publishers responsible for uploading the related citation data in Crossref. Finally, we identified patterns of factual errors in the invalid DOIs and the regular expressions needed to catch and correct them. The outcomes of this research show that only a few publishers were responsible for and/or affected by the majority of invalid citations. We extended the taxonomy of DOI name errors proposed in past studies and defined more elaborated regular expressions that can clean a higher number of mistakes in invalid DOIs than prior approaches. The data gathered in our study can enable investigating possible reasons for DOI mistakes from a qualitative point of view, helping publishers identify the problems underlying their production of invalid citation data. Also, the DOI cleaning mechanism we present could be integrated into the existing process (e.g. in COCI) to add citations by automatically correcting a wrong DOI. This study was run strictly following Open Science principles, and, as such, our research outcomes are fully reproducible.
Trade Wars and Election Interference
Authors: Brutger Ryan , Chaudoin Stephen , Kagan Max
Published: June 2022

In response to the Trump trade war, China, the EU, and other countries enacted politically-targeted trade retaliation (PTTR) against swing states and Republican strongholds in the United States. We argue that PTTR increases public concerns about foreign election interference and assess the effects of such retaliation across partisan affiliations. We test our predictions using a national survey experiment in the United States fielded before the 2020 election. In contrast to findings about sanctions and foreign endorsements, we find strong evidence that PTTR increases fears of election interference among both Republicans and Democrats. Partisan double standards in reaction to PTTR were strongest for retaliation targeting swing states and smaller for retaliation targeting the President’s base. Overall, the evidence shows that economic policies which are not primarily intended to influence elections may nevertheless come to be viewed by the public as foreign election interference.
Ein optisches Verfahren für die automatisierte Bestimmung von Zellpellets
Authors: Thurow Kerstin , Roddelkopf Thomas , Burgdorf Simon-Johannes
Published: June 2022

In many biotechnical and medical processes, cell pellets are created by centrifugation or sedimentation. The precise determination of their size is necessary for the subsequent processing. A suitable detection unit has been developed for use in automated processes that uses computer vision methods for the determination of the cell pellet height. The determined parameters are returned to the automated process to enable safe aspiration and dispensing processes avoiding the loss of cell material.
Synthetische Zipper für die Biosynthese neuer Naturstoffderivate
Authors: Abbood Nadya , Bozhüyük Kenan A. J. , Bode Helge B.
Published: June 2022

A rich source of new therapeutics are natural products derived from modular non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (e. g. penicillins, daptomycin). Yet, efficient bioengineering of these often gigantic megaenzymes to generate natural product analogs is a major challenge. Using synthetic zippers, we have established a co-expression strategy that not only simplifies bioengineering, but rapidly increases the biocombinatorial potential and throughput of reprogrammed NRPS.
Animal Sacrifice and the Origins of Islam
Authors: Wheeler Brannon
Published: June 2022

Islam is the only biblical religion that still practices animal sacrifice. Indeed, every year more than a million animals are shipped to Mecca from all over the world to be slaughtered during the Muslim Hajj. This multi-disciplinary volume is the first to examine the physical foundations of this practice and  the significance of the ritual. Brannon Wheeler uses both textual analysis and various types of material evidence to gain insight into the role of animal sacrifice in Islam. He provides a 'thick description' of the elaborate camel sacrifice performed by Muhammad, which serves as the model for future Hajj sacrifices. Wheeler integrates biblical and classical Arabic sources with evidence from zooarchaeology and the rock art of ancient Arabia to gain insight into an event that reportedly occurred 1400 years ago. His book encourages a more nuanced and expansive conception of “sacrifice” in the history of religion.
The Fate of the Jews in the Early Islamic Near East
Authors: Lieberman Phillip
Published: June 2022

In this book, Phillip Lieberman revisits one of the foundational narratives of medieval Jewish history—that the rise of Islam led the Jews of Babylonia, the largest Jewish community prior to the rise of Islam, to abandon a livelihood based on agriculture and move into urban crafts and long-distance trade. Here, he presents an alternative account that reveals the complexity of interfaith relations in early Islam. Using Jewish and Islamic chronicles, legal materials, and the rich documentary evidence of the Cairo Geniza, Lieberman demonstrates that Jews initially remained on the rural periphery after the Islamic conquest of Iraq. Gradually, they assimilated to an emerging Islamicate identity as the new religion took shape, sapping towns and villages of their strength. Simultaneously, a small, elite group of  merchants and communal leaders migrated westward. Lieberman here explores their formative influence on the Jewish communities of the southern Mediterranean that flourished under Islamic conquest.
Impacts of Human Population on Wildlife
Authors: Beebee Trevor J. C.
Published: June 2022

Wildlife and the countryside are highly valued by people in the UK, and for good reason. Healthy habitats are invaluable assets and promote human wellbeing. However, they are under increasing threat from, among other things, relentless urban expansion and intensive modern agriculture. These pressures largely stem from a major underlying cause – the high and growing population of humans living in the UK. This book provides an overview of wildlife in the UK and its recent status; factors contributing to wildlife declines; trends in human numbers; international deliberations about the impacts of human population growth; and the implications for the future of wildlife conservation in the UK. The evidence-based text includes comparisons of wildlife declines and their causes in other countries, providing a global perspective. This book is for ecologists, naturalists and conservation biologists studying and working in academia or in consultancies, as well as all those interested in wildlife conservation.
(DE)(RE)territorializing re-entry adult learners
Authors: Kokorudz Shelley
Published: June 2022

This article describes a posthuman study that used Deleuze’s rhizoanalysis to explore the journeys of adult learners who returned to an adult high school to pursue their high school diplomas after having prematurely left high school. Five graduated adult students participated in individual recorded intra-views, and two of them also participated in a small group discussion with the researcher to speak of their journeys. The (non)data were cartographically created to map the intra-active complexities that (de)(re)territorialize re-entry adult learners. As the assemblages were mapped, participants were decentred and material world experiences were extended. Common notions around dropout students were disrupted, and re-entry processes for adult learners were (re)thought as new problems and questions emerged.
The effective model structure and -groupoid objects
Authors: Gambino Nicola , Henry Simon , Sattler Christian , Szumiło Karol
Published: June 2022

For a category$\mathcal {E}$with finite limits and well-behaved countable coproducts, we construct a model structure, called the effective model structure, on the category of simplicial objects in$\mathcal {E}$, generalising the Kan–Quillen model structure on simplicial sets. We then prove that the effective model structure is left and right proper and satisfies descent in the sense of Rezk. As a consequence, we obtain that the associated$\infty $-category has finite limits, colimits satisfying descent, and is locally Cartesian closed when$\mathcal {E}$is but is not a higher topos in general. We also characterise the$\infty $-category presented by the effective model structure, showing that it is the full sub-category of presheaves on$\mathcal {E}$spanned by Kan complexes in$\mathcal {E}$, a result that suggests a close analogy with the theory of exact completions.
Confronting the Truth: The Necessity of Love for Justice
Authors: Paradise Brandon
Published: June 2022

This essay examines the interplay between law, Christianity, and oppression in the thought of James Baldwin. This essay begins its inquiry from Baldwin’s own essay, Equal in Paris, and expands out to his broader writing. The essay makes four contributions. First, it shows that Equal in Paris presents a view of law and Christianity as simultaneously serving as instruments and sources of hypocrisy and injustice while representing critically important, if difficult to achieve, standards of justice and love. Second, the essay shows that for Baldwin avoidance and denial of collective moral failure underlies the hypocritical use of law and Christianity to perpetrate injustice rather than justice. Third, the essay reveals that Baldwin would see current legislative bans of critical race theory as a means of avoidance and denial of collective moral failure. Moreover, from a Baldwinian perspective, the maintenance of innocence through bans on critical race theory is a “crime” that typifies the problem at the root of racial oppression in America, which is the refusal to come to terms with the reality of white supremacy. Fourth, while agreeing with scholars who find significant overlap between Baldwin’s approach to law and critical race theory, the essay concludes that Baldwin’s work suggests that critical race theory’s neglect of love constitutes a critical shortcoming for critical race theory’s anti-subordinationist agenda.
The Great, Gray City of Light
Authors: Marzouki Nadia
Published: June 2022

This essay analyzes one of James Baldwin’s least commented-upon essays, “Equal in Paris,” through the lens of current debates about transatlantic differences regarding race, equality, and citizenship. In his essay, Baldwin narrates how he was imprisoned in Paris for several days a year after his arrival in France. Baldwin constructs his essay not as a political manifesto about race, citizenship, and equality. Rather, through a powerful and cinematographic description, he leads the reader to share the narrator’s distressing experience of disjunction and terror he had while in prison. This literary choice can be understood in the context of Baldwin’s rejection of theologies of damnation and redemption that, according to him, motivate protest writings.
Western diet associated with increased post-stroke depressive symptoms
Authors: Cherian Laurel , Agarwal Puja , Holland Thomas , Schneider Julie , Aggarwal Neelum
Published: June 2022

The present study examines the association of diet with depressive symptoms among stroke survivors from a community cohort of older adults. Depression is common after stroke. A healthy diet has previously been associated with fewer depressive symptoms in older individuals, but it is unknown if this effect is also seen in stroke survivors. Eighty-six participants from the Memory and Aging Project with a history of stroke at their study baseline enrolment, complete dietary data and two or more assessments for depression were included in this observational prospective cohort analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed annually with a 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Diet was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire administered at baseline. Diet scores were based on analysis of participants’ reported intakes of 144 food items. A generalised estimating equation (GEE) model was applied to examine the association of diet score with depressive symptoms. The study participants had a mean age of 82 ± 7⋅17 years and 14⋅42 ± 2⋅61 years of education, and 82⋅56 % were female. Western diet score was positively associated with depressive symptoms over time (diet score tertile 3v. tertile 1:β= 0⋅22,se= 0⋅09,P= 0⋅02;Pfor trend = 0⋅022). Interaction with sex suggested a stronger effect in females. A Western diet was associated with more post-stroke depressive symptoms, suggesting nutrition is important not only for reducing cerebrovascular risk, but for protecting post-stoke mental health as well.
Inductive Risk, Understanding, and Opaque Machine Learning Models
Authors: Sullivan Emily
Published: June 2022

Under what conditions does machine learning (ML) model opacity inhibit the possibility of explaining and understanding phenomena? In this article, I argue that nonepistemic values give shape to the ML opacity problem even if we keep researcher interests fixed. Treating ML models as an instance of doing model-based science to explain and understand phenomena reveals that there is (i) an external opacity problem, where the presence of inductive risk imposes higher standards on externally validating models, and (ii) an internal opacity problem, where greater inductive risk demands a higher level of transparency regarding the inferences the model makes.
Direct kinetic Alfvén wave energy cascade in the presence of imbalance
Authors: Passot T. , Sulem P.L. , Laveder D.
Published: June 2022

A two-field Hamiltonian gyrofluid model for kinetic Alfvén waves retaining ion finite Larmor radius corrections and parallel magnetic field fluctuations is used to study direct turbulent cascades from the magnetohydrodynamic to the sub-ion scales. For moderate energy imbalance and weak enough magnetic fluctuations, the spectrum of the transverse magnetic field and that of the most energetic wave display a steep transition zone near the ion scale, while the parallel transfer (and thus the parallel dissipation) remains weak. In this regime, the perpendicular flux of generalized cross-helicity displays a significant decay past the ion scale, while the perpendicular energy flux remains almost constant. A phenomenological model suggests that the interactions between co-propagative waves present at the sub-ion scales can play a central role in the development of a transition zone in the presence of a helicity barrier.
The Righteousness of Joseph: Interpreting Matt 1.18–25 in Light of Judean Legal Papyri
Authors: Esler Philip F.
Published: June 2022

This article seeks to explain Matthew's description of Joseph as righteous (δίκαιος) by investigating Matt 1.18–25 within its ancient context, especially Judean practices of marriage and divorce as illuminated by Judean legal papyri from the Dead Sea region in the first and second centuries ce and from the Judean politeuma of Herakleopolis in the mid-second century bce. The examination will demonstrate the importance of these papyri for understanding the narrative in Matt 1.18–25 in its original social setting where honour was a dominant value, especially the extent to which it reveals Joseph to be an exemplar of Matthean righteousness.
The Beloved Eyewitness
Authors: van de Weghe Luuk
Published: June 2022

In 1963,New Testament Studiespublished an article by Pierson Parker in which he argued that the commonalities of the Third and Fourth Gospels result from direct contact between their respective authors. This article strengthens Parker's case. It highlights additional patterns of commonality between the two Gospels. It demonstrates that these areas of commonality align with events in the Fourth Gospel allegedly experienced by the Beloved Disciple. It considers the best explanation of this phenomenon.
Science diplomacy in the Arctic: Contributions of the USGS to policy discourse and impact on governance
Authors: Wood-Donnelly Corine , Bartels Marianne Pascale
Published: June 2022

Science diplomacy has been instrumental in facilitating cooperation in the Arctic region, yet through the projection of vast hydrocarbon potential in the region, it has also served to undermine the major transformation necessary in Arctic decision-making towards the goals of climate governance. This article surveys the translation of science from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) reports (i.e. the CARA study and Factsheet 2008-3049) on Arctic oil and gas and its transformation into common knowledge within Arctic discourse through repetition by the agents in between and its subsequent adoption into Arctic policy documents. In this process, we interrogate the production of the science underpinning US science diplomacy and the influence of this science on international Arctic discourse and policy use science diplomacy. This paper contributes to the literature of science diplomacy in the Arctic by examining the contributions of the USGS to Arctic policy discourses and its impact on Arctic governance at the nexus of science diplomacy on climate and energy.
Monism in Indian philosophy: the coherence, complexity, and connectivity of reality in Śaṃkara's arguments for Brahman
Authors: Frazier Jessica
Published: June 2022

Classical Indian thought contains a number of arguments for monism that reject the cogency of metaphysical pluralism's account of change, development, and causation in the world. They do this on the basis of (a) the coherence of changes that we see in the world, (b) the difficulty of limning absolute distinctions between individuals, and (c) the prerequisite need for some medium explaining causal interactions. This article provides some background to Indian philosophical thought about a basic fabric of reality that grounds changing forms, containing the telos of their evolutionin potentia. It then sets out Coherence, Complexity, and Connection Arguments for monism as employed by the Vedāntic scholastic philosopher Śaṃkara. Along the way, we clarify the Vedāntic conception of a single material, efficient, and formal cause that provides a medium for connection and combination, is naturally replete with generative order and impetus, and in which the teloi of all forms are embedded. We will briefly consider what the argument shows, if it succeeds – comparing with current philosophical approaches to monism. Finally, we observe that thisrich monism, describing a single vertiginous reality of many levels and powers, is central to classical Hindu conceptions of what makes something ‘divine’.
Conservation of Galliformes in the Greater Himalaya: is there a need for a higher-quality evidence-base?
Authors: GUPTA GARIMA , GRAINGER MATTHEW , DUNN JONATHON C. , SANDERSON ROY , MCGOWAN PHILIP J. K.
Published: June 2022

Global biodiversity is at a heightened risk of extinction and we are losing species faster than at any other time. It is important to understand the threats that drive a species towards extinction in order to address those drivers. In this paper, we assess our knowledge of the threats faced by 24 Himalayan Galliformes species by undertaking a review of the threats reported in the published literature and the supporting evidence that the threat is having an impact on the species’ populations. Only 24 papers were deemed suitable to be included in the study. We found that biological resource use and agriculture and aquaculture are the predominant threats to the Galliformes in the Greater Himalaya but the evidence available in the studies is quite poor as only one paper quantified the impact on species. This study shows that major gaps exist in our understanding of threats to species, and it is imperative to fill those gaps if we want to prevent species from going extinct.
Fatigue-related symptom clusters and functional status of older adults in hospice
Authors: Abduljawad Suzan F. , Beckstead Jason W. , Dobbs Debra , Visovsky Constance , Rodriguez Carmen S. , McMillan Susan C. , Wang Hsiao Lan
Published: June 2022

Background

Fatigue is frequently co-existing with other symptoms and is highly prevalent among patients with cancer and geriatric population. There was a lack of knowledge that focus on fatigue clusters in older adults with cancer in hospice care.

Objectives

To identify fatigue-related symptom clusters in older adult hospice patients and discover to what extent fatigue-related symptom clusters predict functional status while controlling for depression.

Method

This was a cross-sectional study in a sample of 519 older adult hospice patients with cancer, who completed the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression, Boston Short Form Scale, and the Palliative Performance Scale. Data from a multi-center symptom trial were extracted for this secondary analysis using exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis.

Results

Data from 519 patients (78 ± 7 years) with terminal cancer who received hospice care under home healthcare services revealed that 39% of the participants experienced fatigue-related symptom clusters (lack of energy, feeling drowsy, and lack of appetite). The fatigue cluster was significantly associated positively with depression (r = 0.253, p < 0.01), and negatively with functional status (r = −0.117, p < 0.01) and was a strong predictor of participants’ low functional status. Furthermore, depression made a significant contribution to this predictive relationship.

Conclusion

Older adult hospice patients with cancer experienced various concurrent symptoms. The fatigue-specific symptom cluster was identified significantly associated with depression and predicted functional status. Fatigue should be routinely monitored in older adults, especially among hospice cancer patients, to help reduce psychological distress and prevent functional decline.
The effect of resveratrol in cardio-metabolic disorders during pregnancy and offspring outcomes: a review
Authors: Lacerda Diego Cabral , Costa Paulo César Trindade , de Oliveira Yohanna , de Brito Alves José Luiz
Published: June 2022

Resveratrol supplementation during pregnancy and lactation has been associated with a reduced risk of maternal obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus , and preeclampsia. In addition, emerging evidence has shown that maternal resveratrol supplementation diminishes cardio-metabolic disorders in offspring, highlighting its role in modulating adaptative responses involving phenotypical plasticity. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that administration of resveratrol during pregnancy and lactation periods could be considered an important nutritional intervention to decrease the risk of maternal and offspring cardio-metabolic disorders. To highlight these new insights, this literature review will summarize the understanding emerging from experimental and clinical studies about resveratrol supplementation and its capacity to prevent or minimize maternal and offspring cardio-metabolic disorders.
Women’s Risk Perception and Responses to Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion: The Role of Type of Tactic, Previous Experience, and Myths Acceptance
Authors: Garrido-Macías Marta , Valor-Segura Inmaculada , Expósito Francisca
Published: June 2022

Sexual coercion is among the subtlest forms of sexual violence in an intimate relationship and sometimes goes unnoticed by victims. The present study analyzed factors that potentially mitigate women’s negative perceptions of intimate partner sexual coercion (IPSC). A total of 427 women completed an online survey, in which they were shown vignettes illustrating a growing risk of sexual coercion according to the perpetrators’ use of different coercive tactics. Participants replied to questions that reflected their risk perception, their perceptions of perpetrator behavior, and the probability of their leaving the relationship. The survey also queried their previous IPSC experience, and their degree of acceptance of sexual aggression myths. According to the results, women exposed to positive (vs. negative) verbal sexual coercion (VSC) condition decided to leave the abusive situation later (risk response), presented a longer time lag between the moment they recognized the risk and the moment they responded to it, perceived the perpetrator’s behavior as more acceptable and excusable, and were less likely to leave the relationship. Finally, greater myth acceptance and previous IPSC experience predicted a lower probability of leaving the relationship, due to delayed risk responses and to perceiving the perpetrator’s behavior as more acceptable and excusable. This was true regardless of the type of coercive tactic used by the perpetrator. The results highlight the need to consider the type of coercive tactic, previous experience, and myths acceptance as risk factors that may impede a woman to adequately perceive and respond to an intimate partner’s sexual violence.