bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization: The 2002 Historical and Annual Revision
Authors: Corrado Carol
Published: December 2020

In late 2002, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System published a revision to its index of industrial production and the related measures of capacity utilization. The primary feature of the revision was the reclassification back to 1972 of production and capacity indexes for individual industries from the Standard Industrial Classification System to the North American Industry Classification System. The revision also reflects the incorporation of newly available, more comprehensive source data, and it introduced improved methods for measuring the annual real output of communications equipment manufacturing. Along with the updating and the restatement of the data using the North American Industry Classification System, all production and capacity indexes are now expressed as percentages of output in 1997. The new information resulted in an upward revision to the rate of increase in industrial production and capacity from 1997 to 2000. For that period, the average rate of industrial capacity utilization is 0.7 percentage point higher than previously reported. The most recent business-cycle peak is still June 2000, at 116.2 percent of 1997, with the low being the fourth quarter of 2001. The rate of industrial capacity in the third quarter of 2002, at 76.2 percent, is essentially unchanged from previously reported data. The rate is more than 5 percentage points below its 1972-2001 average and about 3 percentage points below the trough in the 1990-91 recession but 5 percentage points above the trough in the 1982 recession.
U.S. Consumers and Electronic Banking, 1995-2003
Authors: Anguelov Christoslav E. , Hilgert Marianne A. , Hogarth Jeanne M.
Published: December 2020

The availability and variety of electronic banking technologies in the marketplace has greatly expanded in recent years. For financial institutions, e-banking technologies can speed processing, reduce costs, and help attract and retain customers. For consumers, they can save time and money and may be more convenient than more traditional ways of banking. This article draws on data from two nationwide surveys to look at consumer use of such products and services as debit cards, pre-authorized debits, and computer banking, particularly as use relates to consumer demographic characteristics and consumer perceptions. The data show a consistent increase in the proportion of consumers using a variety of e-banking technologies. Consumer attitudes toward e-banking generally have become more positive over time, with more consumers seeing e-banking as convenient, familiar, easy to use, and secure. The use of some technologies, particularly debit cards, has become more democratized over time, but it is still the case that most e-banking technologies tend to be used by higher income, higher asset, younger, and better educated households. E-banking technologies hold the promise of helping families manage their money, pay their bills on time, and avoid overextending themselves with credit. To take full advantage of them, however, consumers need to become aware of the evolving array of e-banking technologies available to them and understand how different technologies fit with their financial management needs. Financial planners and consumer educators, working with both families and financial institutions, can help the promise become a reality.
Indexes of the Foreign Exchange Value of the Dollar
Authors: Loretan Mico
Published: December 2020

At the end of 1998, the staff of the Federal Reserve Board introduced a new set of indexes of the foreign exchange value of the U.S. dollar. The staff made the changeover, from indexes that had been used since the late 1970s, for two reasons. First, five of the ten currencies in the staff's previous main index of the dollar's exchange value were about to be replaced by a single new currency, the euro. Second, developments in international trade since the late 1970s called for a broadening of the scope of the staff's dollar indexes and a closer alignment of the currency weights with U.S. trade patterns. The author discusses several practical aspects of the design and implementation of the exchange rate indexes--the choice of index formula, the design of currency weights, and the selection of currencies. The author also reviews the performance of the indexes over the past twenty-five years and discusses three minor methodological changes that the staff has applied to the indexes since their introduction.
U.S. Cross-Border Derivatives Data: A User's Guide
Authors: Curcuru Stephanie E.
Published: December 2020

The global derivatives market has grown rapidly in the past decade. By one measure of market size--the notional value, which is used to determine the payments made on a derivatives contract--the derivatives market expanded from $87 trillion in June 1998 to $454 trillion in June 2006. Measured by the price at which a derivatives contract can be purchased in a current transaction, or the market value, the derivatives market grew from $3 trillion in June 1998 to $10 trillion as of June 2006.
The 2009 HMDA Data: The Mortgage Market in a Time of Low Interest Rates and Economic Distress
Authors: Avery Robert B. , Bhutta Neil , Brevoort Kenneth P. , Canner Glenn B.
Published: December 2020

The data that mortgage lending institutions reported for 2009 under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) reflect the ongoing difficulties in the housing and mortgage markets. This article presents a number of key findings from a review of the 2009 HMDA data. In particular, it documents the wave of refinancing but discusses factors that may have muted such opportunities, explores patterns of lending across groups and areas with high rates of foreclosure, highlights the federal government’s greatly expanded role in the mortgage market, and examines how the interest rate environment and changes to the rules that govern the designation of loans as higher priced under HMDA affected the incidence of reported higher-priced lending in 2009 relative to earlier years.
El aprendizaje autorregulado en el PLE a través de una estrategia didáctica basada en portafolios con blogs y microblogs
Authors: Tur Gemma , Ramírez-Mera Urith
Published: December 2020

Los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (PLE) han sido relacionados con el aprendizaje autorregulado al resaltarse sus posibilidades para la autonomía en el propio proceso así como por la incidencia en las habilidades metacognitivas de planificación, ejecución y reflexión. De entre todas las plataformas, los blogs y microblogs han sido protagonistas por su flexibilidad y capacidad de adaptación a numerosos diseños, entre ellos los eportafolios. La investigación ha mostrado las posibilidades de Blogger para la creación de portafolios reflexivos y Twitter para la ampliación de redes personales de aprendizaje. En esta experiencia se propone una actividad compleja y global en la que ambas plataformas se abordan para la construcción de un eportafolio que contempla una fase armónica de cohesión reflexiva y otra más más distribuida de reflexión compartida y en red. Con un enfoque interpretativo, se analizan los diagramas del PLE del alumnado y se recogen sus percepciones a través un cuestionario en línea. Los resultados muestran que la estrategia es válida y que permite el desarrollo de habilidades metacognitivas de planificación y ejecución con ambas plataformas aunque las reflexivas se desarrollan preferentemente en blogs.
Qualidade de vida, ansiedade e depressão após um programa de cessação de tabagismo
Authors: Detomi Vanessa Rodrigues , Lima Marina Guimaraes
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a qualidade de vida, ansiedade e depressão de usuários pré e pós exposição a um programa de cessação do tabagismo em duas unidades básicas de saúde do município de Belo Horizonte (MG). Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectivo, em que 76 usuários foram entrevistados antes e após a participação no programa por meio de questionários, em que foi empregada a escala Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale para avaliar níveis de ansiedade e depressão, a escala WHOQOL-bref para verificar qualidade de vida, além de itens relativos ao uso de tabaco. A proporção de cessação do tabagismo ao fim do programa foi de 85,5%. Observou-se aumento significativo no escore da qualidade de vida geral (p = 0,041) e diminuição nos níveis de depressão (p ˂ 0,001). Desse modo, após a participação no programa, observou-se melhoria na qualidade de vida e no nível de depressão dos pacientes.
Status de peso de escolares: prevalência e combinação de excesso de peso e obesidade abdominal
Authors: Rangel Luiz Felipe da Cruz , Teixeira Fabiana Costa , Pereira Flavia Erika Felix , Jorge Felipe Sampaio , Morales Anderson Pontes , Ribeiro Beatriz Gonçalves
Published: December 2020

Identificar a prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade abdominal de forma isolada e combinada em escolares de 6 a 10 anos de idade. Participaram do estudo 1267 escolares do município de Macaé, RJ, Brasil. Os dados antropométricos analisados foram a massa corporal, a estatura, e a perimetria da cintura (PC). Os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) foram usados para definir o sobrepeso e a obesidade. A obesidade abdominal (OA) foi estimada pela relação cintura/estatura (RCEst) ≥0,50. A prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade nos escolares foi de 33,8% e 16,4%, respectivamente. A prevalência de OA foi de 22,7%, sendo 11,9% meninas e 10,8% meninos (p>0,05). Verificamos que 37,7 % das crianças com sobrepeso apresentam OA, sendo mais presente entre as meninas em comparação com os meninos (50% vs. 26,3%, respetivamente; p
Histopathological subtypes of lung cancer presented at a tertiary care cancer hospital in Kerala: a cross sectional study
Authors: Radhakrishnan Sourabh , Raju Sreeja , Angel Joy Jamuna , Ramakrishnan Sanjana
Published: December 2020

Background: Lung cancer is one of the commonest cancers causes high rate of mortality worldwide. An increasing incidence of lung cancer and the pathological profile varies among gender and geographical regions. The present study was aimed to assess the pattern of histological subtypes of lung cancer and their distribution with age and gender.Methods: Histologically proven primary lung cancers were selected from the cancer registry. Distribution of subtypes of lung cancer in various age and gender was collected. The major clinical presentation among the non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) were also analysed. The data were statistically analysed.Results: A total of 155 cases of lung cancers were analysed. Adenocarcinoma of lung was the most common subtype followed by squamous cell carcinoma and SCLC. Majority were males with age of presentation from 23 to 93 years. Age of presentation in the female group was 23-75 years. Significant difference was found between cancer numbers in male and female patients (p=0.0001). Statistically significant difference was found among the distribution of smokers and non-smokers in the NSCLC and SCLC patients (p=0.046). Most of the NSCLC and SCLC patients were presented with dyspnea and coughing.Conclusions: Lung cancers were commonly seen in males and smokers. The most common histological subtype in males and females was adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis of histological subtype at the onset of clinical presentation of suspected cases of lung cancer is required to start the therapeutic regimen at the earliest to increase the longevity of patients.
The Existence of E-Commerce as a Form of Cultural Capital for Online Business Practitioners in Surakarta City
Authors: Narendra Asnurul Novia , Habsari Sri Kusuma , Ardianto Deny Tri
Published: December 2020

The number of E-Commerce users in Indonesia is still very small when the number of internet users and online businesses in Indonesia has increase. The research was conducted in the city of Surakarta, which is based on the background of the city of Surakarta, which is one of the cities in Indonesia with a fairly large history of trade and trading practices. The use of netnographic studies with qualitative-descriptive methods with the aim of discovering the reasons for the small number of E-Commerce users in city of Surakarta and finding the meaning of E-Commerce as culture capital by online business practitioners in city of Surakarta in their online business practices. The votes of 108 online business practitioners in the city of Surakarta are used as primary research data obtained by filling in the google form questionnaire distributed by the snowball method. The study found that online media is actually the favorite online media for conducting online business practices in city of Surakarta. The combination of online social media platforms and online marketplace platforms is the favorite method chosen by most online business practitioners in Surakarta. The cultural capital owned by online businesses practitioners in Surakarta is not only an online platform, but also knowledge and relationships.
EFL Students’ and Lecturer’s Perceptions on Collaborative Writing
Authors: Ismail Ade , Lustyantie Ninuk , Emzir Emzir
Published: December 2020

The study aims to explore in-depth students' and lecturer’s perceptions of collaborative writing. There are four perceptual focuses; conceptual understanding, forms of cooperation, writing skills, and classroom atmosphere. This study used a qualitative method involving 31 students who took academic writing courses and an English Lecturer. The research data were collected through questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that students and lecturer had a positive perception of the collaborative writing model in terms of understanding concepts, forms of cooperation, writing skills, and a pleasant learning classroom atmosphere. One of the most dominant aspects of students' perceptions about collaborative writing is the development of cooperation between them in the learning process (Storch 2018), which improves their writing abilities and skills (Zhang 2018).
The Effect of Job Characteristics and Work Life Balance on Performance through Job Satisfaction as Interverning Variables (Studies on Female Partners on Gojek Services in Mataram City)
Authors: Karlita Iin Vini , Surati Surati , Suryatni Mukmin
Published: December 2020

This study examined the influence of job characteristics and work life balance on job satisfaction and performance of female partners in Gojek Service in Mataram City. Specifically the purpose of this study was to determine the significance of the influence of job characteristics, work life balance, and job satisfaction on the performance of female partners, to know the significance of job characteristics and work life balance on job satisfaction, and to know the mediating role of variable job satisfaction in female partners in Gojek Service in Mataram City. The study population was 46 female partners in Gojek Service in Mataram City. This study uses structural equation model analysis (SEM analysis) with smartPLS applications. The results showed that job characteristics and job satisfaction had a significant positive effect on the performance of female partners, while work life balance did not significantly affect performance. Job characteristics and work life balance have a significant positive effect on job satisfaction. For the influence of mediation on job satisfaction, there is a full mediating role in the influence of work life balance on female partners performance, while the influence of job characteristics on the performance of female partners is found to have a partial mediation effect.
Directive Speech Act in Interactive Videos of Indonesian Language Learning in Senior High School
Authors: Oktavia Santi , Suwandi Sarwiji , Setiawan Budhi
Published: December 2020

Directive speech act is very important in learning interactions because it makes it easier for students to understand learning material. Seeing the COVID-19 pandemic situation, learning was carried out online, so teachers had to use other alternatives in delivering material. One of them is using digital media in the form of interactive video lessons. Interactive videos make it easier for students and teachers to carry out learning. This study aims to describe directive speech acts in interactive learning videos in high school. The data of this research is in the form of directive speech acts in interactive learning videos of Indonesian in Senior High School. The data source is an interactive video document of Indonesian language learning in Senior High School which was obtained from the Teacher Room and Senior High School Directory of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The technique of collecting data used listening and taking notes. The data validity used source and theory triangulation. The data analysis technique used interactive data analysis (Miles and Huberman). The results of the study concluded that there were fifty-three directive speech act data consisting of: requests for twenty-four data, orders as many as seventeen data, ordering as many as two data, and giving advice as many as ten data.
The Impact of Transformation Leadership on Employee’s Effectiveness (The Case of Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq)
Authors: Muhammed Hazhar Omer , Aziz Abdulla Ibrahim , Sadq Zana Majed , Othman Bestoon Abdulmaged
Published: December 2020

Leadership plays a critical role in the management of any organization and establishing the right style of leadership is one of the fundamental aspects that cannot be undermined. While there are different modes of leadership, the transformational style has been vastly employed and found to be highly effective. Transformational leadership encompasses the tendency to transform the values and norms of employees as the manager strives to motivate employees in a way that motivates them to deliver performances at an optimal level. It thrives on the interactions that are directed at achieving a collective purpose in a manner that motivates, enhances and transforms the actions and ethical leanings of the subordinates. In this study, the researchers examined the impact of transformational leadership on employee effectiveness at the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in the Kurdistan Regional Government. The sample size included 76 participants that were made to give their assessment through a 24-item questionnaire that was rated using a Likert scale of 1 – 5. The data obtained from this study were analyzed using SPSS 20, and tests for regression and Pearson's correlation coefficient were run. The result showed that inspirational motivation had the greatest impact on employee effectiveness in our case study.
Correlation of Educational Level, Labor Potential and Digital Economy Development in Slovakian, Ukrainian and Russian Experience
Authors: Miethlich Boris , Kvitka Sergiy , Ermakova Marina , Bozhko Lesya , Dvoryankin Oleg , Shemshurina Svetlana , Kalyakina Inessa
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the current paper is to emphasize the role of intellectual labor potential in economy development and digitalization and to explore the features of intellectual work and education as main source and component of the digital information economy. The consequencies of scientific fields representatives' outflow and low renumeration for such three neighboring contries as Slovakia, Ukraine and Russia are observed; their economic indeces are discussed and compared as for more than 10 past years and the beginning of 2020 year. Slovakian, Ukrainian and Russian digitalization achievements and main benefits of this process were outlined in the global transformation process.
The COVID-19 Pandemic: Unique Opportunity to Develop Online Learning
Authors: Velichová Ľudmila , Orbánová Darina , Kúbeková Anna
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a new requirement to the school systems of most countries of the world, including Slovakia, to ensure the teaching process in demanding hitherto unknown conditions. It was necessary to find digital solutions for the teaching process to ensure the protection of students and teachers against coronavirus. Traditional full-time teaching at schools has been replaced by online learning. In this paper we specify selected pedagogical and psychological issues of online learning, identify the potential of online learning, and present the results of research focused on the perception of online learning by students at selected secondary schools in the pandemic. In conclusion, we analyze positive and negative aspects of online learning during the pandemic.
Challenges and Opportunities to Overcome The Impact Of COVID-19 Pandemic on Power Engineering Education
Authors: Opriș Ioana , Sorana Ionescu Cristina , Costinaș Sorina , Gogoașe Nistoran Daniela Elena
Published: December 2020

The overall objective of this paper is to propose a viable approach to quality Education in Power Engineering during the COVID-19 period. To this end, we base the study on our previous steps in implementing Augmented Reality technology for training future engineers in the field of energy. To cope with the present challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyzed the necessary paradigm shift to maintain the benefits of using Augmented Reality in teaching.
Acceptance of YouTube as a Learning Platform during the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Moderating Effect of Subscription Status
Authors: Yaacob Zulnaidi , Md Saad Nor Hasliza
Published: December 2020

The interests of the researcher towards the use of technology in learning surged during the Covid-19 pandemic as more users were expected to use online resources due to the limited face-to-face activities and the new norm that encouraged social distancing. This study aimed to investigate the factors that affected a student's acceptance of YouTube as learning resources. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study investigated the role of subscription status as a moderator variable. The data were collected during the Movement Control Order (MCO) that was placed on Malaysians, involving 340 students of a distance education program. The findings of this study supported TAM, in which the student's acceptance towards YouTube as learning resources was related to the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and social influence. This study also reported that the subscription status did not moderate the relationship between the factors and the student's acceptance. Therefore, this study implies that students accept YouTube as learning resources either as a subscriber of the YouTube channel or otherwise. This study significantly contributes to the literature by investigating the acceptance of YouTube a learning resource during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The Design and the Properties of a Jet Engine with the Rear Bypass of the Air
Authors: Balara Milan , Balara Alexander , Matisková Darina
Published: December 2020

The article describes the original design of the reaction turbofan engine with rear bypass of the air induced by aerodynamic bypass duct. The article also presents the description of a new proposed design, including the principle and a detailed description of the bypass equipment documented by measurements, graphs and mathematical outputs.
Representation of Waves of Displacements and Micro-rotations by Systems of the Screw Vector Fields
Authors:   Institute for Problems in Mechanics of RAS (IPMech RAS), Radayev Yuri N.
Published: December 2020

The present study concerns the coupled vector differential equations of the linear theory of micropolar elasticity formulated in terms of displacements and micro-rotations in the case of a harmonic dependence of the physical fields on time. The system is known from many previous discussions on the micropolar elasticity. A new analysis aimed at uncoupling the coupled vector differential equation of the linear theory of micropolar elasticity is carried out. A notion of proportionality of the vortex parts of the displacements and microrotations to a single vector, which satisfies the screw equation, is employed. Finally the problem of finding the vortex parts of the displacements and micro-rotations fields is reduced to solution of four uncoupled screw differential equations. Corresponding representation formulae are given. Obtained results can be applied to problems of the linear micropolar elasticity concerning harmonic waves propagation along cylindrical waveguides.
The Method of Reconstruction of Residual Stresses in a Prismatic Specimen with a Notch of a Semicircular Profile after Advanced Surface Plastic Deformation
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Radchenko Vladimir P. , Shishkin Dmitry M. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: December 2020

The stress-strain state in a surface-hardened bar (beam) with a stress concentrator of the semicircular notch type is investigated. A numerical method for calculating the residual stresses in the notch region after an advanced surface plastic deformation is proposed. The problem is reduced to the boundary-value problem of fictitious thermoelasticity, where the initial (plastic) deformations of the model are simulated by temperature deformations in an inhomogeneous temperature field. The solution is constructed using the finite element method. For model calculations, experimental data on the distribution of residual stresses in a smooth beam made of EP742 alloy after ultrasonic mechanical hardening were used. The effect of the notch radius and beam thickness on the nature and magnitude of the distribution of the residual stress tensor components in the region of the stress concentrator is studied. For the normal longitudinal component of the residual stress tensor, which plays an important role in the theory of high-cycle fatigue, it was found that if the radius of a semicircular notch is less than the thickness of the hardened layer (area of material compression), an increase (in modulus) of this component of residual stresses occurs in the smallest section of the part (in the volume immediately adjacent to the bottom of the concentrator). If the depth of the notch is greater than the thickness of the hardened layer, then a decrease (in magnitude) of this value is observed in comparison with a smooth hardened sample. It is shown that in a reinforced notched beam, the deflection value due to induced self-balanced residual stresses is less than in a smooth beam. Experimental verification of the developed numerical method is done for a surface-hardened smooth beam made of EP742 alloy.
Analysis of Closed Queueing Networks with Batch Service
Authors:   Saratov State University, Stankevich Elena P. , Tananko Igor E. ,   Saratov State University, Dolgov Vitalii I. ,   Saratov State University
Published: December 2020

We consider a closed queuing network with batch service and movements of customers in continuous time. Each node in the queueing network is an infinite capacity single server queueing system under a RANDOM discipline. Customers move among the nodes following a routing matrix. Customers are served in batches of a fixed size. If a number of customers in a node is less than the size, the server of the system is idle until the required number of customers arrive at the node. An arriving at a node customer is placed in the queue if the server is busy. The batсh service time is exponentially distributed. After a batсh finishes its execution at a node, each customer of the batch, regardless of other customers of the batch, immediately moves to another node in accordance with the routing probability. This article presents an analysis of the queueing network using a Markov chain with continuous time. The qenerator matrix is constructed for the underlying Markov chain. We obtain expressions for the performance measures. Some numerical examples are provided. The results can be used for the performance analysis manufacturing systems, passenger and freight transport systems, as well as information and computing systems with parallel processing and transmission of information.
Um estudo sobre a implementação do Programa Brasil Quilombola nos povoados Ribeira e Tabacaria, Alagoas
Authors: Simonard Pedro , Brandão César Shymena , Sales Silva Neto Aristoteles , MONTEIRO LORENA
Published: December 2020

Estudos diversos sobre a implementação das políticas que compõem o Programa Brasil Quilombola demonstram que o acesso das comunidades aos benefícios dessas políticas é extremamente restrito. Destacam também a dificuldade de comunicação entre os executores das políticas do programa e as comunidades-alvo delas. Outros estudos demarcam a questão da falta de conhecimento dos membros das comunidades quilombolas acerca dessas políticas, o que dificulta a reivindicação dos direitos assegurados por este programa. Este artigo analisa se as políticas relacionadas ao programa foram implantadas em duas comunidades quilombolas no estado de Alagoas e qual foi o papel dos burocratas nesses processos. Através de pesquisa de campo e de entrevistas com burocratas e gestores das pastas responsáveis pela execução e implementação deste programa nos municípios, mapeou-se quais políticas dentro dos eixos que o integralizam foram implementadas, observando-se o papel desses burocratas na operacionalização e readequação dessas políticas, assim como a percepção da população desses povoados acerca dessas políticas. Conclui-se que estes burocratas têm um papel quase nulo na operacionalização e na melhora dessas políticas quando e se elas são implementadas e que a população desses povoados desconhece os benefícios a que têm direito dentro dos eixos do programa.
O processo de territorialização do Quilombo do Rosa, Amapá, Brasil
Authors: Souza Silva David Junior de
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tematiza os processos recentes de territorialização e de reconhecimento identitário da comunidade do Rosa, no início do século XXI. O objetivo da pesquisa é a compreensão de seu processo de autoidentificação como remanescente quilombola e da territorialização específica engendrada em decorrência desta identificação. A metodologia baseia-se na Etnografia Histórica, com presença do pesquisador na comunidade entre os anos de 2017 a 2019. Os resultado indicam que o processo de territorialização desencadeado no Rosa é um processo de transformação global de múltiplas dimensões. Engloba ações de autodemarcação, como o foi a ação de expulsão da mineradora de seu território; ações de multiterritorialidade, como o são as ações protagonizadas por membros da comunidade em instâncias deliberativas do poder político instituído; o acesso à cidadania pelos respaldos jurídicos disponibilizados pelo Estado; a etnogênese, como autorreconhecimento como quilombola; e ações que implicam elastecimento da territorialidade.
Mulheres quilombolas e medicina popular: um estudo de caso em Santa Rita de Barreira, Pará
Authors: Guedes Ana Célia Barbosa , Corbin Hisakhana
Published: December 2020

Este artigo trata do uso da medicina popular entre as moradoras da comunidade quilombola de Santa Rita de Barreira, localizada no município de São Miguel do Guamá, no estado do Pará. Procurou-se entender a importância do uso terapêutico das plantas e as práticas de cura realizadas na comunidade. Além disso, mostrou-se que essas práticas, que refletem elementos das culturas indígenas e africanas, se perpetuam ao longo dos séculos. O estudo de caso foi realizado por meio de uma pesquisa de campo com algumas mulheres da comunidade, além de pesquisas bibliográficas.
A dimensão pedagógica do Cinema Negro na percepção do etnoletramento em educação básica
Authors: Prudente Celso Luiz , Périgo Agnaldo
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é questionar as formas curriculares tradicionais desenvolvidas nas escolas de Educação Básica, suscitando novas emergências epistemológicas. Analisaremos a dimensão pedagógica do Cinema Negro em contexto de etnoletramento. Isto será conjugado com as relações étnico-raciais, observando a emergência afirmativa da africanidade dos quilombolas. A região amazônica configura a existência de fenótipo ibero-ásio-afro-ameríndio enquanto maioria minorizada em relação ao euro-heteromacho-autoritário e o poder da euro-heteronormatividade. O etnoletramento refere-se ao aporte teórico da dimensão pedagógica do Cinema Negro e sobre como esses podem se tornar agentes de transformação social. Essas epistemologias dialogam dentro da construção de uma educação pautada na pedagogia crítica, objetivando uma mudança nos paradigmas educacionais, na prática pedagógica e na possibilidade dos relacionamentos étnico-raciais com diferentes epistemologias na Educação Básica. Há necessidade de compreender a especificidade quilombola na emergência do etnoletramento, bem como na dinâmica da dimensão pedagógica do Cinema Negro. Há, ainda, necessidade de novos estudos sociolinguísticos para uma educação emancipadora.
A necropolítica ambiental nos quilombos de Ilha de Maré, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Zagatto Bruna Pastro , De Souza Luiz Enrique Vieira
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo analisa criticamente o processo de industrialização da Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS), com foco nos conflitos e crimes socioambientais vivenciados pela população de Ilha de Maré. Sua contribuição específica consiste em uma formulação conceitual que apreende o fenômeno em questão como resultado de uma “necropolítica ambiental”. Esse conceito reconhece a pertinência das ideias de “justiça ambiental” e “racismo ambiental”, mas desvela com maior acurácia como as políticas desenvolvimentistas se caracterizam por mecanismos que produzem sistematicamente o terror psicológico, o adoecimento dos corpos e a morte. Com base em uma abordagem metodológica respaldada nos princípios da “participação observante”, o estudo valeu-se de entrevistas semiestruturadas, documentos oficiais e estudos acadêmicos para demonstrar que a “necropolítica ambiental” implica a aniquilação de territórios e o rebaixamento ontológico das populações atingidas. Por fim, discutimos as temporalidades da “necropolítica ambiental” e propomos uma agenda de pesquisa que explore os potenciais analíticos desse conceito
DA CIÊNCIA QUALITATIVA À QUANTITATIVA: uma incursão pela História da Filosofia
Authors: Magalhães Prates João Batista
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho destina-se a apresentar o percurso histórico da passagem da ciência aristotélica das qualidades para a ciência das quantidades, enxergando nessa transformação um momento essencial para a nossa contemporaneidade do fazer científico. O palco em que se ensaia tal inversão é o Renascimento. Traçaremos alguns passos dessa história, dando ênfase, sobretudo, à revolução de uma disposição ou perspectiva que até então imperava, seguida de uma outra, revolução metodológica, que se deram naquele período e estabeleceram algumas características imprescindíveis à gradual realização da ciência contemporânea.
THE EFFECTS OF FEEDBACK ON COOPERATION IN THE PRISONER’S DILEMMA GAME SIMULATING A CLOSED MARKET SCENARIO
Authors: Tagliabue Marco , Sandaker Ingunn , Ree Gunnar
Published: December 2020

This study explores the effects of feedback on cooperation in the iterated prisoner’s dilemma game (PDG). Four sources of feedback were identified: peer, buyer, market and cultural feedback. Peer and buyer feedback were intrinsic to the PDG, for they were analyzed, but not manipulated. Market and cultural feedback comprised independent variables and their effects were measured on players’ and group cooperation (dependent variables). Twenty-seven participants played a PDG, divided in 9 groups of 3 players each. Cooperation was measured as rates of individual players’ cooperative X choices, and as aggregate products within groups. At the molecular (moment-to-moment) level, there was a significant within-subjects main effect of the market feedback F(1, 28) = 6.50, p = .02, ?p2 = .19. At the molar level, there was no significant effect of the market feedback, nor of the cultural feedback. It was not possible to establish a metacontingency between recurrent group cooperation and positive contingent group consequences. Players displayed sub-optimal choice behavior, seeking to maximize relative earnings within their group (defecting) over absolute earnings (cooperating). These results are discussed in light of how the source of feedback may sustain cooperation or defection in the PDG, and their implications in organizational settings. Reinforcing cooperative behaviors can be key to the maintenance and development of any organization, for informative performance feedback may not suffice. This study contributes to the understanding of economic decisional behavior in groups from a cultural selectionist perspective.Keywords: choice, cooperation, feedback, metacontingency, prisoner’s dilemma game
TESTEMUNHO DA EXPERIÊNCIA DA INFÂNCIA NO EXÍLIO E SUA REPRESENTAÇÃO NO CONTO INFANTO-JUVENIL MENINOS SEM PÁTRIA, DE LUIZ PUNTEL
Authors: LOBATO Ladyana dos Santos , SARMENTO-PANTOJA Tânia Maria Pereira
Published: December 2020

Analisamos o testemunho de filhos de militantes políticos da Ditadura Militar de 1964, que reporta à experiência da infância no exílio e a forma com que essa experiência fora representada na produção literária. Para isso, selecionamos dois objetos de estudos: 1) A narrativa testemunhal “Por que você é tão tristinha?”, de Marta Nehring, publicada em 2014; e 2) A narrativa ficcional Meninos sem Pátria, de Luiz Puntel, publicada em 1988. Utilizamos como referencial teórico os estudos sobre testemunho (SELIGMANN-SILVA, 2008, 2001); memória (SARLO, 2007; BASILE, 2019); literatura de testemunho (MARCO, 2004; SELIGMANN-SILVA, 2003; LUQUE, 2003); exílio (SAID, 2003; VIÑAR; VINÃR, 1992; ROLLEMBERG, 2007; BIROL, 2017; MONTAÑÉS, 2006); e utopia (SZACHI, 1972). Verificamos que as narrativas selecionadas apresentam um conjunto de características inerentes à experiência de exílio das crianças, dentre elas, a compreensão do exílio como um lugar utópico, espaço de liberdade, sobrevivência e resistência ao autoritarismo em estados de exceção.Palavras-chaves: Exílio. Testemunho. Infância. Utopia. Sobrevivência.
Costus Root Extract Preserves Thyroid Hormones Levels, Thyroglobulin Expression and Thyroid Tissues in Rats Receiving Valproate Sodium
Authors: Mahmoud Marwa Salah
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Valproate sodium is an anticonvulsant drug. Saussurea lappa (costus) is a medicinal plant rich with antioxidants. This research aimed to assess the protective effect of costus root extract against valproate sodium-induced thyrotoxicity.METHODS: Eighty adult male albino rats were equally divided into four groups; group I: untreated control, group II: rats were given 200 mg/kg BW valproate sodium orally and daily for 8 weeks, group III: rats were given 300 mg/kg BW costus root extract orally and daily for 8 weeks, and group IV: rats were given combination of valproate sodium and costus root extract. After 8 weeks, blood samples were collected to evaluate T3, T4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Thyroid gland samples were handled for light and electron microscopic investigation. The heights of follicular cells, area % of collagen fibers and color intensity of thyroglobulin immunoreaction were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: After being given valproate sodium as an induction, hormonal assay showed significant decrease in serum T3 and T4 and significant increase of TSH. Follicular and cellular alterations were shown by light and electron microscopes. Morphometric study revealed increased follicular cell height and area % of collagen fibers and decreased color intensity of thyroglobulin. In contrast, costus root extract appeared to have a protective role against valproate sodium-induced thyroid injury. Most of the changes induced by valproate sodium were not observed after supplementation with the plant root extract.CONCLUSION: Valproate sodium has serious effects on the function and structure of thyroid gland, and this study shows that costus root extract could have a protective effect against these effects.KEYWORDS: valproate sodium, rat, thyrotoxicity, Saussurea lappa
Biomonitoring of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitor and the Association with Hypertension among Farmers in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyana Mulyana , Sugiarta Iwan , Fuk Lim Jen , Pratami Vani Nur , Fitriani Dewi Yunia , Adi Nuri Purwito , Soemarko Dewi Sumaryani
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: The use of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) insecticides is still widely used by farmers in flower and agricultural centers. However, biological monitoring of farmers is still very rare in Indonesia. AChE inhibitors are reported to have toxic effects on various organs.METHODS: This study involved 120 subjects in Cihideung, Cikole and Pangalengan areas. All subjects have been interviewed, physically examined and biological sample taken by medical team. Descriptive analysis was performed to assess general conditions of the subjects and AChE erythrocyte activity enzyme at pseudo-baseline and the next 3 months from pseudo-baseline. Statistical analysis have been performed of the pseudo-baseline AChE erythrocyte activity with hypertension and history of exposures.RESULTS: The median value of pseudo-baseline AChE erythrocyte activity was 8.10 (1.3-14.25) U/g hematocrit. In the comparison between pseudo-baseline and 3 month from pseudo-baseline AChE activity, 7 respondents from 19 respondents (36.84%) had lower enzyme activity than 70% and the others subjects have higher activity value. AChE erythrocyte activity is associate with frequency of insecticide exposures. AChE erythrocyte activity (p=0.04; Exp (B)=2.937 CI 95%=1.049-8.224) and age (p=0.025; Exp (B)=3.872 CI 95%=1.180-12.703) are independent risk factors for hypertension in farmworker.CONCLUSION: AChE erythrocyte activity associated with frequency of insecticide exposures and hypertension among farmworkers.KEYWORDS: AChE erythrocyte activity, frequency of insecticide expsoures, hypertension
La decisión robótica: algoritmos, interpretación y justicia predictiva
Authors: Battelli Ettore
Published: December 2020

A pesar de los riesgos de las decisiones robóticas, la previsibilidad y la justicia predictiva pueden ser consideradas como oportunidades para prever el resultado del juicio mediante el uso de algoritmos. El presente estudio nace a partir de una pregunta: ¿un juez puede ser reemplazado por un robot? La tesis propuesta es que la decisión robótica, así como la humana, puede contener errores y que las decisiones robóticas no podrán considerarse “justas”, incluso cuando son lógicamente “correctas”, ya que no existen máquinas infalibles. Sin embargo, se debería evaluar positivamente que la automatización del proceso decisorio permite lograr ventajas significativas en términos de uniformidad, fiabilidad y capacidad de control adecuado de la decisión robla de.
Las reglas predeterminadas de decisión en el derecho. Bases para una reflexión teórica
Authors: Monroy Cely Daniel Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Las “reglas u opciones predeterminadas” son estructuras ubicuas en múltiples áreas del derecho. Aunque este tipo de reglas se han estudiado en el derecho de los contratos, más allá de este ámbito no han suscitado mayor interés en la doctrina jurídica de tradición civilista. Si bien esta doctrina ha sostenido reiteradamente que las reglas predeterminadas preservan per se un continuum en la libertad de decisión de sus destinatarios, este artículo refuta esta tesis y argumenta que estas reglas producen una profunda pero inadvertida afectación a la autonomía individual y la libertad de decisión individual. En esta perspectiva, el artículo reflexiona en torno a por qué en algunas áreas del derecho ciertos contenidos de las reglas predeterminadas pueden calificarse como éticamente inadmisibles. El artículo además sugiere algunos criterios preliminares para determinar “cómo” debiera diseñarse el contenido de las reglas predeterminadas.
La renovación de los métodos docentes del derecho tras la reforma de la universidad europea
Authors: Piazuelo Isaac Tena
Published: December 2020

En las universidades no siempre se ha enseñado lo mismo, ni tampoco se ha enseñado siempre del mismo modo. Los métodos para la enseñanza del derecho se adaptaron a lo largo de la historia, de manera más o menos espontánea. Sin embargo, un acontecimiento producido en la universidad europea hace una década determinó que los países que formaban parte del proceso de Convergencia en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior tuvieran que poner al día sus métodos de enseñanza. También la enseñanza del derecho, en particular, se ha renovado.
Nowoczesność w leksyce – obecność w słowniku przejawem normalizacji "Słownik nowszego słownictwa słoweńskiego" z 2012 roku
Authors: Zatorska Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja rzeczowników należących do nowszego słownictwa słoweńskiego (600 jednostek) określających ludzi (w większości nomina agentis, nomina attributiva). Materiał słoweński skonfrontowano z polskim, w tym z danymi leksykograficznymi, a przeprowadzona analiza wykazała różnice między materiałem z obu języków. Polskie słowniki nie notują odpowiedników takich słoweńskich leksemów, jak: adrenalinec, agresivec, barbika, čokoholik, predzakonec, prestižnež, piarovka, piknikar, savnar. W materiale słoweńskim dostrzeżono kondensację treści i potencjał słowotwórczy oraz dążenie do normalizacji i standaryzacji słownictwa przez umieszczenie w słowniku.
Rola Kodeksu Napoleona w systematyzowaniu polskiej terminologii prawnej
Authors: Wismont Magdalena , Woźniak Ewa
Published: December 2020

Artykuł traktuje o wpływie XIX-wiecznych przekładów Kodeksu Napoleona na systematyzację ówczesnej polskiej terminologii prawnej. Francuska kodyfikacja miała przełomowe znaczenie dla prawodawstw całego świata, uznawana jest za podstawę nowoczesnego państwa. Autorki prezentują oddziaływanie tego zbioru praw na tworzącą się w XIX w. polską terminologię prawną. Dzięki przekładom Kodeksu Napoleona rozpoczęto systematyzację nomenklatury prawa, tzn. przyporządkowywanie nazwy do pojęcia prawnego, precyzyjne określanie semantyki terminu, porządkowanie terminów w relacjach nadrzędno-podrzędnych. W przekładach postulowano również konsekwencję w wyborach tłumaczeniowych. W tym sensie translacje Kodeksu Napoleona przybliżyły polski język prawny do stanu obowiązującego we współczesnej legislacji.
Opowiadanie „naukowe” – gatunek literacki czy popularnonaukowy? Charakterystyka genologiczna
Authors: Gajda Anetta
Published: December 2020

Artykuł przedstawia analizę genologiczną przeznaczonych dla młodzieży opowiadań naukowych z przełomu XIX i XX w., których autorami byli wybitni uczeni, a zarazem popularyzatorzy tego okresu. Autorka wskazuje na cechy typowe dla gatunków narracyjnych, a jednocześnie elementy charakterystyczne dla tekstów naukowych. Udowadnia, iż elementy typowe dla piśmiennictwa artystycznego są podporządkowane funkcji poznawczej i uprzystępniającej. Dokonuje ponadto próby umiejscowienia badanego gatunku wśród tekstów popularyzujących wiedzę naukową, uwzględniając teorię podobieństwa rodzinnego L. Wittgensteina i zaliczając badane teksty o charakterze hybrydalnym do rodziny gatunków (obok czytanek, bajek, gawęd) paraliterackich, służących popularyzacji nauki wśród dzieci i młodzieży. Rodzina ta — według autorki — jest rodziną pokrewną dla grupy gatunków popularnonaukowych (takich jak: monografia popularnonaukowa, artykuł popularnonaukowy, wykład popularnonaukowy, odczyt popularnonaukowy, pogadanka), przeznaczonych dla osób, które ukończyły szkołę podstawową oraz dla samouków.
Nazewnictwo chemiczne w "Średniowiecznej historyi naturalnej w Polsce" Józefa Rostafińskiego
Authors: Kuśnierek Izabela
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest analiza nazewnictwa chemicznego obecnego w dziele Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi Józefa Rostafińskiego, w którym zebrane zostały glosy ze średniowiecznych tekstów z zakresu nauk przyrodniczych. Z tekstu wyekscerpowanych zostało 80 leksemów należących do słownictwa chemicznego. Wyrazy te charakteryzują się bogatą synonimiką, co jest charakterystyczne dla leksyki specjalistycznej doby staropolskiej. W artykule omówione zostały trzy szeregi synonimiczne odnoszące się do węglanu ołowiu, tlenku żelaza oraz siarczanu żelaza.