bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Formability of the Seam Welded Tube for Manufacturing the Drive Shaft
Authors: Kim Bong Joon , Park Eun Soo , Byeon Won Yong , Cha Dal Joon , Kwon Yong Nam
Published: March 2013

In this study, cold reduction process of the tubular metal is applied to manufacture the drive shaft for the rear wheel drive system. With this method during forming process, chip forming such as hobbing and broaching method is not involved. The manufacturing process is as follows; the tube which the sheet is formed and welded to by roll forming machine, is mounted on a suitable mandrel. This mandrel has an external toothing which corresponds to internal toothing of the final product. During axial moving and rotating of the workpiece, forming operation is carried out in lengthwise direction of the toothing. This forming rolls is positioned on the roll head and have a rolling axis vertical with the one of a mandrel. The total forming load needed in the cold reduction process is separated into numerous forming steps along the entire cylindrical length of the zone to be formed. In the process of cold forming on the profiled mandrel during the impact forming operation, material is pushed into depression of toothing of a mandrel mainly in a radial direction. Finally splines can be generated on the surface of components and overall elongated. If the process parameter such as the length of forming per 1rotation of 1roll is not optimized, the impact force from the rolls of the forming process causes geometrical defects. So the optimal parameters such as feeding and rotating speed of workpiece and the forming length should be properly determined. And the effects of the weld line positioning on the formability of the forming process is analyzed to minimize the generation of the defects such as crack on the surface of splined zone.
Study on Damage and Solution of Acidizing Technology in Sandstone Reservoir
Authors: He Shao Hui
Published: March 2013

According to the acidizing practice of water injection well in recent years, this paper analyzes and summarizes the damage and solution of sandstone reservoir before and during the process of acidification, and secondary damage countermeasures are putted forward to prevent acid rock reaction. Preventing new precipitation forming during the process of acidification is an important aspect to improve the acidizing effect. And through the indoor experiments and field tests in oilfield, it is obvious that the reservoir damage is very complex, generality and difference. Acidification process has very strong pertinence, so it is very important to analyze and understand the reservoir geological characteristics, productivity, dynamic and static production material. Only making the damage of reservoir clear, the appropriate solutions, which can improve the acidizing effect, achieve the purpose of acidification and meet the needs of actual production, can be used. And the solutions of different damages are analyzed and presented.
Researches on Rational Reinforcement of Equi-Limb L-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Columns
Authors: Sun Chao , Zhao Shu Li
Published: March 2013

A nonlinear analysis program for the capacity of L-shaped columns with numerical integral method is complied. Using the program, the Date of Mx-My curves under different axial compression ratios is obtained for five different reinforcement of equi-eimb L-shaped reinforced concrete columns.The maximum moments in various loading angles are analyzed, the cross-section’s ability to bear load influenced by different reinforcement is discussed, The rational reinforcement of equi-limb L-shaped reinforced concrete columns is derived. The date shows that the theoretical values and experimental results meet closely. Finally, Some suggestions in practice design for equi-limb L-shaped columns are given.
SHPB Dynamic Experiment on Silica Fume Concrete
Authors: Chen Rong Jun , Liu Hong Wei , Zeng Rui
Published: March 2013

Dynamic mechanical properties of silica fume concrete in a number of strain rate under the conditions of dynamic compression mechanical properties subjected to various strain rates were studied, and gained the stress versus strain curves, details of an experimental investigation using 74 mm-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) apparatus were presented. The results showed that: The admixture of silica fume concrete impact resistance, especially under the impact of the performance of high-speed has a very important influence, with the impact velocity increased, the strain rate increase, and its impact more obvious.
Electrochemical Studies on the Corrosion of Steel Bar in Concrete in Chloride Environment
Authors: Zhang Rui Jin , Yang Hui Lin , Ye Da Yong
Published: March 2013

This paper deals with the influence of the steel-concrete interface quality on the steel bar corrosion. Electrochemical methods including linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were comparatively used to monitor the corrosion process of reinforcing steel in cement mortar. Experimental results show that a good quality of steel-concrete interface can significantly delay the corrosion initiation and reduces the corrosion rate. The results highlight the reasonable correlation between the impedance response and the Rp values by LPR method, but the corrosion rates obtained by EIS are lower than those results of LPR.
Some Issues in Magnetic Measurement of Mass Standards
Authors: Ren Xiao Ping , Wang Jian , Zhong Rui Lin , Cai Chang Qing , Zhang Yue
Published: March 2013

Magnetic interactions may lead to errors in precision mass metrology. There are two factors named magnetic susceptibility and magnetic polarization which need to be determined before mass metrology. First four methods are compared and analyzed suitable range, requirement, uncertainty and note in comparison process. Then uncertainty factors are given out, and description of differences between normal weights and micro-gram standards are presented in the paper. It is easy to become magnetized if the weight is not well protected in manufacture or daily using. So it is important to control its safe and perform periodic self-verification on it.
Design of a High Resolved Schlieren System
Authors: Wang Dian Kai , Hong Yan Ji , Li Qian , Ye Ji Fei
Published: March 2013

A schlieren system with high time and space resolution was developed to diagnose the hypersonic flow field with high speed, low density and intensive shock interactions. The key technique of color filter used for color schlieren was developed. The time resolution reached to 100ns and the space resolution reached to 0.1mm. In shock tunnel with Mach 5, bow shock controlled by single laser pulse was investigated with the schlieren system, and the interaction of oblique shocks generated by double ramps was detected with color schlieren. The complex flow fields are clearly exploded, which proves that the schlieren system designed in this paper supplies an efficient method in the diagnostics of hypersonic flow field.
Cause Analysis of the "8·29" Oxygen Cylinder Explosion Accident on the Filling Station
Authors: Li Wen Wei , Du Qing , Di Gang , Wang Rui Xin
Published: March 2013

The course and phenomena of oxygen cylinder explosion are introduced. Chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties, metallographic tests and spectrum analysis of the cylinder fragments have been carried out. Based on the fact that the explosion is concluded as a chemical explosion because of grease. Filling grease into oxygen cylinder was due to misuse. Violent oxidation exothermic reaction occurred when grease was exposed to pure high-pressure oxygen. The instantaneous releasing of heat produced extreme high temperature and extreme high pressure in the cylinder, which exceeded its limits and caused burst. During the process for risk, pressure gauge shows that cylinder explosion occurred while oxygen cylinder is charged to 13.5MPa. According to the GB 5099, the minimum explosion pressure of oxygen cylinder is 43.8MPa. Moreover, inverse calculation shows that minimum grease amount leading to burst of cylinder is between 79.6g to 95.5g. The experiences and lessons for the management and use of gas cylinder are discussed and emphasized.
Finite Element Analysis of Agricultural Tricycle Frame
Authors: Qing Huang Yong , Yuan Ma Tian , Li Fa Zong
Published: March 2013

Based on the Finite Element theory, Nastran analysis software is used to calculate a motor tricycle frame for static and dynamic simulation. From the calculation, the article analyzed the strength, deformation and fatigue degree of the agricultural tricycle frame. The stress distribution cloud picture is obtained with the weak link found and the general level of the structure strength assessed, thereby providing the data of valuable structure analysis for the optimization and reliability design. All of above results can provide theoretical guidance for the design of motor tricycle frame.
Application of Magneto Hydrodynamics (MHD) in Hypersonic Vehicle
Authors: Li Yong , Wang Dian Kai , Li Qian
Published: March 2013

It is very important to develop the technology of the hypersonic vehicle along with the demand of many countries. This article summarizes the technology of MHD flow control and MHD generator and analyzes key technical issues of application of MHD. It included increase theoretic research and found accurate 3D model of MHD flow. The first, it needs to develop technology of large dimension plasma generator to impose effect of MHD in scramjet, at the same time it also needs to consider weight volume material and thermal protective; The second, it needs to build model of MHD energy bypass and calculate range of application of MHD.
13° Impact Test Analysis of Aluminum Alloy Wheel
Authors: Tsai Gwo Chung , Huang Kuo Yi
Published: March 2013

Light alloy disc wheels are used in daily transportation very extensively, wheels need not only an artistic external, but an excellent performance that up to standard. According to Chinese National Standard-CNS 7135 [1], this paper study about 13° impact test by using finite element software – ANSYS, applying theory of elasto-plastic mechanics, and considering the effect of tire absorption. So we estimate the absorption percentage of tire effect in three cases, 0%, 20%, and 40%. By Reducing the striker kinetic energy to compensate for tire absorption, and after the analytic results compared with the experimental results, the analytic results can put to the proof.
A Time-Domain DQ Approach for Vibration Analysis of Beams
Authors: Peng Jian She , Xie Gang , Yang Liu , Yuan Yu Quan
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a new time-domain DQ (differential quadrature) method for structural vibration analysis. It adopts differential quadrature method both in space domain and in time domain on the basis of governing partial differential equation and initial-boundary value condition of vibration problems of structures, and gets new differential quadrature linear equations with complete initial-boundary value conditions for solving all parameters of the displacement-field. The examples in this paper show the time-domain differential quadrature method is a useful and efficient tool for structural vibration analysis.
Study on Multi-Tooth Meshing Problem for Involute Internal Gear Pairs with Small Tooth Number Difference of Stub Gear
Authors: Feng Xiao Ning
Published: March 2013

This article has carried out systematic research on the multi-tooth meshing problem of involute internal gear pairs with small tooth number difference of stub gear. It firstly establishes the entity assembly model of internal gear pairs with precise tooth profile, then determines the number of multi-tooth meshing teeth pairs with finite element software and finally analyzes the main factors and reason affecting the number of meshing teeth pairs. In the range of tooth number of internal gear equal to 40-150, the conclusion is that when tooth number difference equal to 1 the number of effective meshing teeth pairs is 2-10,when tooth number difference equal to 5 the number of effective meshing teeth pairs is 2-8. The main factors affecting the number of meshing teeth pairs are tooth number and tooth number difference. The fewer tooth number is and the greater tooth number difference is, the fewer the number of meshing teeth pairs is. The reason is that when tooth number is obviously reduced or tooth number difference is obviously increased, the clearance of adjacent gear surface will be greatly increased, which will cause the decrease of the number of meshing teeth pairs. Within the normal value scope of modification coefficient difference of involute internal gear pairs with small tooth number difference, the influence of modification coefficient difference and modification coefficient is very small. When the torque increases, the number of effective contacting teech pairs will keep unchanged. The research in this article provides reference for the calculation of loading capacity of multi-tooth meshing of internal gear pairs with small tooth number difference of stub gear
Study on the Laser Characteristics for Calibration-Free Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Guang Yu , Song Jun Ling , Hong Yan Ji
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a calibration-free wavelength modulation model via tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy was setup. The laser modulation characteristics, modulation depth, linear modulation amplitude and frequency shift, were measured for the model setup. The experimental results show that modulation depth and the linear intensity modulation amplitude have well linear fitting to the scan voltage. Based on the laser parameters, the calibration-free model can be used to infer the gas temperature.
Advances in Design and Materials for Indoor Sports Surfaces
Authors: Walker Alexander , Subic Aleksandar
Published: March 2013

Natural, synthetic and combinations of natural and synthetic materials are used widely in contemporary sports surfaces which have been designed to encourage elastic deformation under load, in order to increase athletic performance and at the same time reduce the risk of injury. In response to this need, manufacturers have developed a wide variety of indoor sports flooring systems types, which are generally separated into two major categories, area-elastic sports surfaces and point-elastic sports surfaces. Area elastic sport surface structures attenuate energy by allowing deformation over a comparatively large area, where as point elastic sport surface structures deform in response to applied forces over a relatively small area, in close proximity to the point of impact. Sports surfaces can therefore be extremely complicated arrangements of materials, which contribute to a surfaces complex behaviour. The materials used in each of these surface categories, attenuate the energy applied to a surface by an athlete, in order to reduce the energy returned to the athlete. Viscoelastic materials are therefore used as synthetic shock absorbers, in order to reduce the amplitude and increase the duration of an applied shock. To understand the cushioning properties of these materials, it is necessary to consider the structural aspects of the various material combinations. It is the aim of this chapter to discuss the types of sports surface materials used, the ways in which the materials are configured and the performance standards which have been applied, in order to evaluate athletic performance and reduce the risk of injury to an athlete.
Research on Active Selenium Polysaccharide in Artemisia Argyi
Authors: Xin Ping Liu , Hai Yan Wu , Zhang Chi , Sheng Hui Zhang
Published: March 2013

In this article, the selenium content of selenium polysaccharide and its antioxidant activity in vitro in Artemisia argyi has been studied. The double tracts atomic fluorescence spectrometry is used to detect the total selenium content in the sample and that of selenium polysaccharide in the active ingredient of the sample. The salicylic acid method and pyrogallol autoxidation method are used to detect the scavenging activity of selenium polysaccharide on hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion. which grows in Yutangba, a selenium mining area of Enshi—“City of Selenium in China”. Through a comparative experiment with Artemisia argyi growing in non-selenium mining areas, the results have shown that the antioxidant ability of selenium polysaccharide in Se-enriched Artemisia argyi is significantly stronger than that of pure polysaccharide. Therefore, Se-enriched Chinese herbal medicine is a good natural antioxidant, which is worthy of exploitation and utilization.
Study on the Physical and Chemical and Mechanical Pulping Characteristic of Tobacco Stalk Fiber
Authors: Li Li Xia , Chen Hai Tao
Published: March 2013

Straw resource was tremendous, however it was utilized poorly. So the research of physical, chemical and mechanical pulping properties of tobacco stalk fiber laid the foundation for utilization of tobacco stalk. Morphology of tobacco stalk fiber was determined by Feica microscope, the length, width and length to wide ratio were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Chemical composition changes of tobacco stalk fiber after mechanical process were analyzed by applying Block test method with Design-expert 6.0.10.The result present that composition of fiber had significant difference. Hemi-cellulose increased by 3.24%, cellulose increased by 9.62%, lignin increased by 2.52%. Beating degree was positively correlated with the pulping time, beating time and wet weight were a negative correlation. Strength of tobacco stalk fiber was positively with the gramme, and strength was 17 N when gramme was 60 g/m2.
Study on Preparation of Abamectin Microcapsule with Interfacial Polymerization
Authors: Wang Lei Lei , Wang Zhi , Zhang Bao Hua , Xiao Ke Feng
Published: March 2013

The abamectin was microencapsulated with interfacial polymerization. The bursa wall materials of Abamectin microcapsule used in the experiment was polyurea which was produced by Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and hexamethylenetetramine. The stirring speed and the dosage of emulsifier were determined by preliminary experiments, and the technical conditions for abamectin microencapsulation were optimized by orthogonal experiment, meanwhile, the optimal proportion and dosage of bursa wall materials, solvent and dispersant were determined. Encapsulation efficiency was measured by UV spectrophotometer. Results show that the encapsulation efficiency of microcapsules obtained is up to 90%.
Synthesis and Anti-HIV Integrase Inhibitory Activity of β-Diketo Derivatives of Mono-Substituted Calix[4]arene
Authors: Luo Zai Gang , Xu Xue Mei , Zhang Ming Yang , He Kuai , Zhang Xiao Mei
Published: March 2013

Six β-diketo derivatives of mono-substituted calix[4]arene were synthesized as potential HIV-1 integrase inhibitors and evaluated their inhibition to the strand transfer process of HIV-1 integrase. Their structures were characterized by NMR and HRMS. All the title compounds as potential HIV-1 integrase inhibitors proved to be active in the micromolar range (6.7–37.6 μM) on the strand transfer step.
Studies on Organic Carbon Distribution Characteristics of Organic- Mineral Complex in Sediment of Yitong River
Authors: Wang Ji Hong , Wang Yang , Zhang Zhi Dan , Li Mei Lan , Du Lian Sheng
Published: March 2013

The sediment in the parts of Yitong river, located at the central of Jilin province, was taken as the research object, and the organic-mineral complex of soil samples was grouped by the improved colloid grouping method described by Qiulin. The distribution characteristics of the organic carbon in sediment organic-mineral complex were studied. The results showed that the organic carbon absolute contents in different groups were G2>G1>G0 group in <10μm and <2μm sediment organic-mineral complexes. The absolute content of organic carbon in G2 group was the highest, but G1 group had the highest relative content, which indicated that in three groups of sediment, G1 had a very prominent effect on organic carbon accumulation.
Synthesis and H+/K+-ATPase Inhibitory Activity of 2-Phenyl-6,7-Dihydrobenzofuran-4(5H)-one Oxime Ether Derivatives
Authors: Fang Hu Biao , Jin Lei , Zai Wei Chen , Song Yu Rong , Wang Jun Zhi , Huang Nian Yu
Published: March 2013

Three pairs of 2-phenyl-6,7-dihydrobenzofuran-4(5H)-one oxime and corresponding oxime ether isomers were synthesized and separated as potential anti-ulcer agent. Their structures were characterized by NMR, IR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. Preliminarily H+/K+-ATPase activity evaluation indicated that all the target compounds had a better inhibitory effect than the commercial omeprazole with the IC50 of 2.0~30.0 μM.
A New Approach for the Synthesis of 6,7-Dihydro-5H-Cyclopenta[b]pyridine
Authors: Zhou Jin Hua , Gao Hai Li , Sun Han Zhou , Wu Yu Xiong
Published: March 2013

A new practical and efficient route was developed for the synthesis of 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridine, which is a key intermediate of cefpirome. Leading to the formation of the corresponding product, nucleophilic addition, acetylization, Vilsmeier cyclization reaction and dechlorination were employed under mild reaction conditions by using commercially available cyclopentanone and benzylamine as raw materials. The total yield of this newly developed synthetic route for the target product was 43.15% with 99.7% of purity (HPLC). The structure of target molecular was confirmed by LC-MS and 1H NMR spectrum.
Study on Effects of Different Types of Acid Rain on Nutritional Quality of Pakchoi
Authors: Fang Chun Sheng , Wang De Long , Wang Shou Chao , Zhang Sheng Nan , Qu Zhi , Wang Ju
Published: March 2013

Spray sulfuric acid rain solution, nitric acid rain solution and mixed acid rain solution on pakchoi in the greenhouse. Strong acidic acid rain inhibits the formation of the nutrients in the cabbage. While week acidic acid rain promote the formation of the nutrients in the cabbage. Nitric acid rain has the greatest impact on the quality of pakchoi nutrition.
Isolation and Purification of Aloin a and Aloin B by High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography
Authors: Tang Shi Rong , Chen Shang Long , Lu Sang Sang , Hu Xin Yang
Published: March 2013

High-speed counter-current chromatography(HSCCC) was successfully used for isolation and purification of Aloin A and Aloin B from the crude methanol extract of Aloe with a two-phase solvent system composed of chloroform–methanol–n-butylalcohol-water at an optimized volume ratio of 4:3:1:2 (v/v/v/v). The lower phase was used as the mobile phase in the head to tail elution mode. The preparative HSCCC separation was performed on 180 mg of the crude extract yielding pure Aloin A(18mg) and Aloin B(16mg) at purities of 95.2% and 96.8%, respectively, as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HSCCC is a powerful technique for isolation and separation of chemical composition from aloe.
Optimization of Culture Medium and Conditions for Bacillus coagulans T242 Producing Thermostable Lactase
Authors: Qian Fang , Jiang Shu Juan , Liu Tao , Mu Guang Qing
Published: March 2013

A thermotolerant lactase-producing strain Bacillus coagulans T242 was obtained in our previous work, its media and culture conditions were investigated and optimized for enhanced production of lactase in the present work. Results showed medium containing 1.5% lactose, 1.0% peptone, 1.5% yeast extract, 0.7% MgSO4, and pH 8.0, was the optimum medium; And its optimum culture conditions were the age of bacterial culture 36 h, inoculation volume 2%, liquid medium volume loaded 30 mL/250 mL flask, 60 °C, 36 h. When cultured at the optimum condition Bacillus coagulans T242 yielded the maximum of 1.21U/mL lactase activity.
L-Citrulline Protects against Rhabdomyolysis -Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats
Authors: Fu Xiao Bin , Li Sai , Liu Li , Gou Ling Shan , Lan Nuo , Wang Ling , Feng Yan , Liu Yi
Published: March 2013

There is increasing evidence indicating that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis-induced myoglobinuric acute renal failure (ARF). In this study, protective effects of L-citrulline on glycerol-induced acute renal failure (ARF) in rats were investigated. Six groups of rats were employed in this study, after seven days of glycerol injections, the blood samples and kiney tissues were harvested for future biochemical and pathology analysis. The levels of creatinine (Cr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) in plasma, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), the activity of total nitric oxide synthase (TNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated in kiney tissues. Consequently, treatment with L-citrulline improved an impaired intrarenal oxygenation and kidney function compare with the glycerol group, and prevented the renal oxidative stress damage as well as severe functional and morphological renal deterioration.
Optimization of Preparation Technology on Medicated Serum of Yinqiaotiangan in Mice
Authors: Wang Hong Jun , Zhou Tie Zhong , Jiang Hong , Sheng Zun Lai
Published: March 2013

Response surface methodology (RSM) and single factor test were used to optimize preparation technology on medicated serum of Yinqiaotiangan (YQTG) in mice. The influent factors of preparing medicated serum include blood sampling time, administration times, and administration dosage. The content of chlorogenic acid in medicated serum was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that the optimum preparation technology of medicated serum is 33 minutes of blood sampling time, 4 times of administration times and 0.024g/mL of administration concentration. Under this condition, the concentration of chlorogenic acid reached peak 33.34 μg/mL in mice medicated serum. It is seen that the RSM method effectively and accurately optimize preparation technology on medicated serum of YQTG preparation.
Study on the Preparation of Stigma Maydis Polysaccharide Oral Liquid
Authors: Zhou Hong Li , Song Guo Qiang , Wang Jian Hang
Published: March 2013

The optimal prescription of stigma maydis polysaccharide (SMPS)oral liquid was 1g of SMPS, 0.03g of Casson, 39g of xylitol, 1g of citric acid, 0.2g of polyacrylic acid sodium (In terms of 1L oral solution) by uniform design and the quality control was conducted according to the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(2010).
Studies on Transformation of Alfalfa with Chicken β-Defensin Gal-3
Authors: Jin Li Bo , Liu Xiu Ming , Jiang Yong , Liu Lei , Du Shu Huan , Wang Hui Yan
Published: March 2013

Chicken β-defensin Gal-3 was recently identified member of a family of antimicrobial peptides. In this paper, the sequences of the chicken β-defensin Gal-3 gene was replaced with plant preferred codons by Polymerase Chain Reaction, and cloned into the plant expression vector p1390R, then transferred into alfalfa by Agrobacterium tumefacien- mediated method. PCR was performed by using the genomic DNA of transgenic alfalfa as template, which showed that Gal-3 has been transferred into alfalfa. Therefore, the suitable concentration of Hyg for screening transformants was 20 mg/L. The 4 trangenic plants were analyzed by Southern hybridization.
Study on the Preparation of Activated Carbon from Corncobs
Authors: Li Jun Han , Yang Shao Li , Sun Ning , Ma Lan
Published: March 2013

The impact of activator varieties on the activation effect in preparing activated carbon with corncob adopting chemical activation process were researched in this paper, the results showed that phosphoric acid as the activator was much better than potassium hydroxide and zinc chloride. It was deduced from the orthogonal experiment results that the impact of activation temperature on the activation effect is the greatest, impregnation ratio takes the second place, and the activator concentration the least. Suitable parameters of activation process were obtained: when the activator concentration is 50%, activation temperature 500°C, impregnation ratio 2.7:1, the iodine value of activated carbon is 822.08mg/g.
Anti-Oxidant Activity of Anthocyanins of Black Soybean In Vitro
Authors: Song Yan , Yu Guo Ping , Dou Chao Ran , Wu Hao , Gong Zhu
Published: March 2013

The aim of the work was to research antioxidant activity of the anthoyanins extracts of black soybean. The whole soybean through defatted, were to determine the phenolic and anthocyanin contents in black soybean extracts and to examine antioxidant activity of extract against DPPH and ABTS assays, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. The defatted sample was extracted using ethanol by ultrasonic. The optimum DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity (%) were 68.34% and 70.12%, VC was 59.76% and 95.23%, respectively, and contains high levels of reducing power and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. The present results indicate that the anthoyanins extract from black soybean has greater anti-oxidative and is useful in functional food and other applications.
Antioxidant Properties of Deer Blood Hydrolysate and the Possible Mode of Action
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhong Li Cheng , Zhai Xue Chao , Yin Dong Dong , Wu Xin Yu
Published: March 2013

Deer blood was hydrolyzed using Alcalase with hydrolysis time ranged form 0 to 6 h, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of protein hydrolysates increased with increasing hydrolysis time (P < 0.05). The reducing power, radicals scavenging activities and Cu2+-chelation ability of deer blood hydrolysate (DBH) significantly enhanced with increasing hydrolysis time (P < 0.05). The antioxidant activity of DBH, indicated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) values in a liposome-oxidizing system, increased with increasing DH (P < 0.05). The results indicated that antioxidant activity of DBH depended on hydrolysis time, and the hydrolyzed deer blood could be a potent food antioxidant.
Effect of Germination on Physicochemical Properties of Tartary Buckwheat Starch
Authors: Zhou Yi Ming , Zhou Xiao Li , Xiao Ying , Liu Ning , Chen Yue
Published: March 2013

The changes in physicochemical properties of tartary buckwheat starch during germination process were studied in the present study. After germination, there was a moderate increase in loss of starch (4.4~5.9%). The outcomes from scanning electron microscope indicated that the process of germination moderately increased the multi-pore around the granules of starch. The X-ray diffraction pattern of raw starch showed an A-pattern. Germination process did not distinctly affect X-ray diffraction patterns, but percent crystallinity of starch were increased with the increase of germination. Germination process raised the solubility of buckwheat starch but did not distinctly affect swelling capacity. The paste clarity and freeze–thaw stability of starch were improved after 24-h germination, but the germinated starch for 36 h exhibited no improvements in these properties compared with the raw starch. Therefore, moderate germination improved some physicochemical properties of tartary buckwheat starch.
Effect of Ultrasonic Wave on the Physical Properties of Cassava Starch
Authors: Lan Ping , Chen A Ming , Feng Yu Xian , Qiao Lei Lei , Lan Li Hong , Liao An Ping
Published: March 2013

In this paper, by taking cassava starch as the research object. The effects were investigated about the cassava starch transparency, viscosity thermal stability and settling performance under the different ultrasonic conditions. The transparency of cassava starch firstly decreased and then increased with increase of the ultrasonic power, treatment time and ethanol concentration. But it firstly increased and then constant with the solid-liquid ratio. The viscosity thermal stability of cassava starch firstly decreased and then increased with increase of the ultrasonic treatment time and decrease of the solid-liquid ratio. But it was opposite for the ultrasonic power and the ethanol concentration. For the retrogradation, the majority of processed cassava starches reached sedimentation equilibrium after 96h. But partially shorten the time to reach equilibrium for the fast sedimentation rate in settlement of 12-36h.
HPLC Analysis of Flavonoids Compounds of Purple, Normal Barley Grain
Authors: Yang Tao , Duan Cheng Li , Zeng Ya Wen , Du Juan , Yang Shu Ming , Pu Xiao Ying , Yang Sheng Chao
Published: March 2013

Barley is medicinal and edible crops. Analysis of flavonoids of barley could reveal its antioxidants of different type. This experiment was conducted to examine the classification and concentration of flavonoids compounds in three types barley grain.As a result, HPLC fingerprint of flavonoids are different on three types barley. The total average contents of Catechin of whole grain in the normal barley (21.85 μg/g) were significantly higher than that in the hulled purple barley (17.22 μg/g) and unhulled purple barley (9.05 μg/g). The flavonoids of quercetin was not detected in normal barley(0.00 μg/g), but only detected in hulled purple barley(60.98 μg/g) and unhulled purple barley(24.35 μg/g). The flavonoids of myricetin was not detected in normal barley and unhulled purple barley, but detected in hulled barley (14.04 μg/g). The total average contents of kaempferol of whole grain in the unhulled purple barley (36.00 μg/g) were significantly higher than that in the hulled purple barley (32.56 μg/g) and normal barley (26.65 μg/g). The total average contents of flavonoids of whole grain in the hulled purple barley (124.8 μg/g) were significantly higher than that in the unhulled purple barley (69.40 μg/g) and normal barley (48.50 μg/g). The bran-rich fractions of barley grain contain the flavonoids compounds while whole kernel flour of all three types did not contain any flavonoids compounds.
Research on Distribution Management System Oriented Food Industry
Authors: Song Hui , Zhang Yan , Zhao Han
Published: March 2013

There are many problems in the sale system of food industry, so that the product information of front can not be reliable and timely delivered, and consequently, the enterprises can not allocate resources effectively. To solve these problems, the paper presented the distribution managemetn system oriented food industry. Taking into account fully the feasibility and convenience of the front system, introducing the barcode technology, 3G technology and SOA architecture, combining with the basic characteristics of the food industry distribution business, studying the overall logical structure of the system, developing and integrating the functional units, an effective distribution management system was established.
Recovery of Sweet Potato Protein Materials from the Starch Waste
Authors: Hou Li Xia , Wang Yang Bo , Zhao Shu Chang , Ji Jun Ming , Shang Xiao Lei
Published: March 2013

Recovery of sweet potato protein materials from the starch waste was studied in the paper. Ultrafiltration followed with alkaline extraction and acid precipitation by adjusting pH through lactic fermentation, had the highest extraction rate (40.81%). While ultrafiltration followed with alkaline extraction and acid precipitation by adjusting pH with HCl yielded the protein material with the highest protein content (73.68 %), these two procedures provide good alternatives for different purpose.
Study on Application of Oat Flour in Quick-Frozen Dumpling Production
Authors: Ji Chang Xin , Jing Xiao Yan , Liu Yan Qi
Published: March 2013

Quick-frozen oat dumplings were produced by adding some Oat flour in dumpling wrapper. The effect of oat flour ratio on the optimal amount of water of the bland flour, cracking ratio and edible quality of quick-frozen oat dumpling were researched. The optimal amount of water of per gram Xiang Man Yuan dumpling flour and oat flour are 0.43g and 0.63g individually. The cracking ratio of products increases with the increases of oat flour ratio. The effect of oat flour ratio on the sensory evaluation and the outward appearance score of quick-frozen oat dumplings is very significant in 1‰ level, their correlation coefficient are 0.990 and 0.994 respectively, and the regression model equations are as follows: Y=90.094－112.477X; Y=18.519－21.763X.
Studies on the Aqueous Extraction Method of Sesame Oil
Authors: Hou Li Xia , Shang Xiao Lei , Wang Xiao Xia , Liu Jing , Zhou Lei
Published: March 2013

The aqueous extracting method of sesame oil was studied in this paper．On basis of the single-factor experiment, the orthogonal trial was used in optimization of technological parameters. The optimal conditions for sesame oil extraction were solid to water ratio of 0.8 g/ml (v/w), 70°Cand pH 5.0, under which the extraction rate reached 82.49％．
Study on Enzymatic Fermentation of Fish Sauce by Eel Heads
Authors: Xu Dan Dan , Wu Run Feng , Zhao Li , Han Jia Wang , Su Wei
Published: March 2013

To reuse the waste of fishery resources in a preliminary study, we have described changes in extractive component during enzymatic fermentation of fish sauce using eel heads. This study was aimed at investigating the chemical and physical analysis of extractive component from fermented eel heads with a view to using it as a food condiment. Fish sauce was produced via enzymatic fermentation of by-products (eel heads) of processed eel with 30% (w/w) of salt for 8 weeks. During 8 weeks of enzymatic fermentation, the pH decreased to approximately 5.35, the salt content remained constant, and the overall trend of total nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen, browning index, total volatile basic nitrogen and optical density were increasing. The changes and the trend line mentioned above indicated that it was a practical method to produce fish sauce using eel heads.
Experimental Investigation on Prestress during the Manufactural Process of Integrated Multilayer Wrapped Vessel
Authors: Yang Hai Bin , Zhu Xiao Qin , Li Nan Jing , Chen Jun Hao , Li Wei Huan , Zhao Hui Yuan
Published: March 2013

Integrated multilayer wrapped vessel is a new type of multilayer high pressure vessel construction diffusely used in various process industrial productions. The prestress of the integrated multilayer wrapped vessel of inside diameter 500mm during its manufactural process was investigated. The experimental results showed that, the circumferential prestress distributions in the inner cylinder and the laminate during its manufactural process were approximately exponential function, thus in order to make the circumferential prestress contribution in the inner cylinder even as possible, the laminates should be staggered uniformly as the same circumferential angle during the manufactural process of the actual vessel, which is of an important significance to insure its manufactural quality and safe application.
Research of Crushing Mechanism Based on Pulverized Coal Sample Preparation System
Authors: Wang Yang , Yan Hong Wei , Lu Hui Shan , Gao Qiang
Published: March 2013

Coal is the main material for human’s production and livelihood, and human pay more attention to it. Nowadays, Chinese crushing equipment’s volume is bigger, in view of this phenomenon, the author put forward to design a pulverized coal intelligent sample preparation device. This design not only has small size, but also has coarse crushing, drying, screening, grinding, grading and pulverized coal’s intelligent detection. It can well detect pulverized coal’s composition and year. In this paper, the author research on this mechanism’s coarse crushing device. Firstly, the author analyze the composition of coal to make a better foundation for crushing, then introduce the overall process of coarse crushing, and research the various parts of working principle and related parameters.
The Analysis and Detection Research of Different Coal Samples Based on near Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Peng Qiang , Lu Hui Shan , Yan Hong Wei , Gao Qiang
Published: March 2013

The present study is concerning qualitative and quantitative detection of different coal samples based on near infrared spectroscopy. Firstly, near infrared spectroscopy combined with discriminant analysis (DA) was used for the coal cinder characteristics in different spectral pre-processing methods, at the same time it will establish the quantitative of the total moisture. The result indicated that 97.78% recognition ratio for calibration and 93.33% recognition ratio for validation were achieved by DA for the cinder characteristics. The PLS quantitative model of the total moisture of the establishment of the original spectral was the best, the correlation coefficients of calibration and prediction respectively were 0.981 and 0.641, RMSEC, RMSEP and RMSECV respectively were 0.859, 2.51 and 3.44.
Effect of Casting Temperature on the Microstructure of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Aluminium Alloy Billets Prepared by LFEC Process
Authors: Zuo Yu Bo , Li Lei , Zhu Qing Feng , Cui Jian Zhong
Published: March 2013

In order to understand the effect of casting temperature on the low frequency electromagnetic casting process, 200mm billets of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy were produced, the microstructure was analyzed and the temperature field was measured during the casting process. The experimental results showed that low frequency electromagnetic casting process has an evident grain refining effect on aluminum alloy and casting temperature is not a sensitive parameter for this process, which can tolerate a large range of casting temperature. In the range of 710 to 750 °C, casting temperature does not show significant effect on the microstructure.
Effect of Ag Addition on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu-5Cr Base Alloys
Authors: Lee Seung Jin , Park Joon Sik , Kim Jeong Min , Kim Ki Tae
Published: March 2013

Small amount of Ag was added to high conductivity Cu-5%Cr alloy in order to increase the strength without sacrificing the conductivity. The typical microstructure of thermo-mechanically processed specimen mainly consists of Cu matrix and relatively large Cr phase. Although this typical microstructure was not changed with varied process variables, both the micro-hardness and conductivity were significantly affected by them. The electrical conductivity of alloy was slightly decreased by the Ag addition, but the micro-hardness could be enhanced by it. TEM analyses indicated that very fine Cr precipitates were formed in addition to the relatively large Cr phase in the Cu matrix. It is suggested that the properties of Cu-5Cr-xAg alloys can be optimized by carefully controlling the precipitation of the fine precipitates.
Effect of Vanadium on Delayed Fracture Resistance of High Strength Pre-Stressed Concrete Steel Bar
Authors: Xiao Gui Zhi , Wang Qing Juan , Pang Yu Hua
Published: March 2013

The delayed fracture resistance of pre-stressed concrete (PC) steel bar with different vanadium contents was investigated by using tensile sustained load delayed fracture test and optical microscope. The experimental results show that delayed fracture resistance of vanadium containing steels is higher than that of conventional steel 30MnSi at the same strength level and it increases with the increase of vanadium content. The improvement is resulted mainly from the irreversible traps for hydrogen and the prior austenite grain size refinement by vanadium carbide particles.
Effect of Process Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Low-Temperature Gas Multi-Component Thermochemical Treatment 45CrMoV Alloy Steel
Authors: Cui Guo Dong , Zhang Han Bing , Jiang Tian Bo , Yang Shang Guang
Published: March 2013

In the present investigation, 45CrMoV alloy steel was gas oxynitrocarburized at 530°C, 550°C and 570°C for 1h by applying a low-temperature gas multi-elements penetrating system. Microstructure, surface, composition, case depth, microhardness, wears and corrosion resistance were analyzed. The properties of samples treated at 570°C are optimum.
Effect of the Current Density on Oxygen Overpotential and Corrosion Rate of the Al/Pb-Ag-Co Anodes for Zinc Electrowinning
Authors: Liu Jian Hua , Chen Bu Ming , Guo Zhong Cheng , Zhang Yong Chun , Xu Rui Dong
Published: March 2013

Lead-silver-cobalt was electrodeposited on the aluminum matrix, which was used as anode for zinc electrowinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), linear sweep voltammetry(LSV), Tafel curve were used to study the effect of different current density on the surface morphology, electrocatalytic activity and corrosion resistance of Al/Pb-Ag-Co anode. The results showed that the Ag content change slightly with the current density change, but the Co content change big with the current density change; the value of a and b oxygen evolution of Pb-Ag-Co composite coating electrode obtained under 1 Adm-2were the smallest, respectively, was 1.436 V, 0.930 V; and the corrosion potential was 0.272 V; surface microstructure was smooth and dense.
Effect of Titanium on the Partition Behavior of Alloying Elements in Single Crystal Superalloys Containing Rhenium
Authors: Liu Li Rong , Zu Guo Qing , Jin Tao
Published: March 2013

Effect of Ti on the microstructure evolution and element partition in  and  phase after heat treatment were investigated in single crystal superalloy with different contents of Ti addition (0, 0.5, 1.0wt.%) by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 3-D atom probe (3DAP). The results show that with the increase of titanium addition, the size of r’phase increase after full heat treatment and the amount of TCP phase increase during long term thermal exposure. Ti makes more r matrix forming elements such Re, W, Cr, Co, Mo partition into r matrix and more Ni element distribute to the r’phase. The electronic structure and binding energy of a number of Ni+X alloy systems were calculated using the discrete variational cluster method based on the local density approximation of the density functional theory
Hot Deformation Behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Zr Alloy with Trace Amounts of Sc
Authors: Li Bo , Pan Qing Lin , Li Chen , Song Yan Fang , Zhang Zhi Ye
Published: March 2013

The flow behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy during hot compression deformation was studied by thermal simulation test at strain rate of 0.001 to 10s-1 and deformation temperature of 340 to 500°C on the Gleeble-1500 thermal mechanical simulator. The results show that the flow stress increases with increasing strain rate, and decreases with increasing deformation temperature. The flow stress of the alloy during the elevated temperature deformation can be represented by a Zener-Hollomon parameter with the inclusion of the Arrhenius term. The values of A, n, α in the analytical expression of flow stress are fitted to be 1.49×1010s−1, 7.504 and 0.0114MPa−1, respectively. The hot deformation activation energy of the alloy during hot deformation is 150.25kJ/mol.
Studies on the Influence of Ti on Mechanical Properties in A356 Alloy
Authors: Qu Min , Zheng Liu Bin , Zhao Ming , Cui Yan , Liu Feng Bin , Yan Hong Juan
Published: March 2013

The effect of different contents of Ti on mechanical properties in A356 alloy was researched in this study. The results reveal that the variation is not following the law that the more the content of Ti is, the better the tensile strength and hardness would be in the range of 0% to 7.5% Ti. However, the mechanical properties undergo improving first as the content of Ti is less than 0.3% and then reducing with the addition of Ti. Based on the different contents of Ti, the tensile fracture surfaces are studied to verify the effect of different contents of Ti, It is concluded that the variations of tensile fracture surfaces are in accordance with those of mechanical properties.
Simulation of Machining of Incoloy 907 with Thermodynamical Constitutive Equation
Authors: Shao Fang , Zhang Hai Ying , Fan Zhi Jun
Published: March 2013

Aero-engine alloys (also as known as superalloys)are known as difficult-to-machine materials, especially at higher cutting speeds, due to their several inherent properties such as low thermal conductivity and their high reactivity with cutting tool materials. In this paper a finite element analysis (FEA) of machining for Incoloy907 is presented. In particular, the thermodynamical constitutitve equation(T-C-E) in FEA is applied for both workpiece material and tool material. Cutting temperature and cutting force are predicted. The comparison between the predicted and experimental cutting temperature and cutting force are presented and discussed. The results indicated that a good prediction accuracy of both principal cutting temperature and cutting force can be achieved by the method of FEA with thermodynamical constitutitve equation.