bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Human Movement in Building Using Bluetooth Low Energy
Authors: Hoa Jeffrey , Soewito Benfano
Published: February 2019

In recent years, smartphones have become more popular. Along with the increasing number of smartphone users, more features are requested by the users which can be used to solve their daily life problems. One of the most popular applications is related to location-based detection. Almost all smartphones have a feature of Global Positioning System (GPS). It can help users to go from one place to another place without getting lost by connecting to Google Map. However, there are some limitations to the GPS. When the GPS is used inside a building, it is difficult to search where the users are located, on which floor or room they are, and how to access the room inside the building. It is because GPS cannot show the user which level or room location the users are currently at. One of the possible solutions is using an Indoor Positioning System (IPS) which can detect an object or person inside a building by producing some signals that can be received by smartphones. This research aims to develop an application to monitor the movement of humans inside a building with low cost and low energy by using Android smartphones as the medium. It can get the coordinate of location by using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacon inside the building. It can also be used to detect multiple users in the same room.
Integration of Information System Based on Supply Chain Management (SCM) for Pharmaceutical Warehouse in Mamasa Regency
Authors: Qashlim Akhmad , B Basri
Published: February 2019

This research applied information system by using Supply Chain Management (SCM) in the pharmaceutical warehouse in Mamasa Regency. The scope of the research was maximized on pharmaceutical warehouse operations and drug distribution to clinics. This research did not focus on cost, profit, lead time, and procurement costs. This system was built using PHP programming language and MySQL database. System development process used waterfall method. It consisted of requirement analysis, system analysis, design, development, and testing. The test system used the xampp 6.2 servers with a black box testing method that involved the pharmaceutical warehouse staff as the end user. The results demonstrate technologies that can be used by physicians to submit drug requests faster and report on real-time drug use (LPLPO). For pharmaceutical warehouses, this system is useful for drug availability, drug management, and response information. This technology can help the health department to perform its role as a supervisory or controlling function (internal controls) of the drugs. This research also gives a recommendation for the pharmaceutical warehouse management in providing benefits for the institutions/companies involved. This research has an insight for the management to realize the importance of Information Technology (IT) to support daily operational activities.
Creating an Awareness Campaign Against the Fomo Phenomenon in Young Adults’ Social Media Usage
Authors: Basiroen Vera Jenny , Hapsari Adinda
Published: February 2019

This research aimed to create an awareness campaign on raising the understanding of the topic as prevention toward the happiness and productivity-killing phenomenon or FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) phenomenon in young adults’ social media usage. Qualitaive method was applied in the research by (1) using questionnaire; (2) interviewing the psychological experts; (3) using secondary research such as books, journals, printed articles, and online sources. Then, the researchers drew a solution by analyzing the collected data. The distribution also focused on people who were active users of social media. This research finds that promoting positive thoughts in people who experience FoMO might be an effective solution to combat this type of anxiety. Therefore, the data become the underlying basis toward the making of SayNomoToFomo campaign. Its main strategy is to educate and encourage the target audience to understand and tackle FoMO using a mixture of interactive and printed medium.
Learning Strategies Used by the Students in Performance Assessment in EFL Classroom
Authors: Safitri Ida Dwi , Sumardi Sumardi , Supriyadi Slamet
Published: February 2019

This research aimed to discuss performance assessment in Indonesia as well as learning strategies used by the students in its implementation. A qualitative case study was applied in this research. The researchers spread questionnaire and conducted an in-depth interview to derive the data. From the discussion, some conclusions are derived. First, performance assessment has advantages in EFL such as promoting high order thinking skill, making students familiar with various contexts of language use, presenting tasks which allow students to apply their knowledge and skills from several learning targets, using clearly defined criteria to evaluate how well the student has achieved this application, and increasing students’ motivation. However, there are disadvantages from this kind of assessment such as time-consuming, the assessment tends to be subjective, requiring intensive training for raters, and it may intimidate students. Furthermore, the students apply almost all of the learning strategies as follows meta-cognitive, cognitive, social, and affective strategies. The contribution offered by this research is to give evidence prevailing to Indonesian EFL learning. The teacher can support or provide students’ need by knowing their students’ strategies in learning. However, the students can adjust their learning strategies when performance assessment is implemented.
Who are Anxious and Supposed to be “Jakarta One” ?: a Systemic Functional Linguistics Approach
Authors: Wicaksono Endras Setyadi , Djatmika Djatmika , Sumarlam Sumarlam
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this research was to know the structure of debate and the difference of usage of modulation by the candidates in the third session debate of Pilkada DKI Jakarta in 2017. The debate in a general election was a new medium in the campaign. This research revealed the form and meaning of dominated modulation used by the candidates by applying Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). This was a descriptive qualitative research using observation method in collecting the data. The source of data was a video of the third session debate of Pilkada DKI Jakarta in 2017. The data contained aspect of grammar and lexicon of the speech. Then, it was analyzed by using identity-method by Sudaryanto and content analysis suggested by Spradely. The result shows that there are two forms of modulation marker. It is modulation of inclination that is dominantly used by the first candidate and third candidate. Then, the second candidate dominantly uses modulation of obligation. The domination is a strategy of each candidate to defend and prioritize their programs for the next five years.
Implementation of Positive Language to Promote Effective Language Teaching Classrooms for State Junior High School
Authors: Rosyada Amrina , Widyastuti Ana , Ramadhianti Agustina
Published: February 2019

The research aimed to determine the influence of positive language to promote the effective language teaching classrooms in state junior high school. The effective language teaching classroom was measured quantitatively by applying a correlational research design. The method conducted several steps as procedures of investigation in analyzing the data, namely: (1) data collection,(2) data analysis, and (3) data interpretation. Engaged by 142 students of eighth-grade and four language teachers, findings have shown that there is a positive correlation between positive language and effective language teaching classrooms. The results are hoped to be as teachers’ and students’ guidance in implementing positive language to building their effective language teaching classrooms, gaining their confidence and ability to learn and use knowledge and skills to interact and fully participate in education.
Code-Mixing in Online Discussion Forum among Progressive Farmer: Revealing Sundanese Culture Wisdom in Agriculture Community
Authors: Harjanti Miko , Lubis Djuara , Suhanda Nani , Sumardjo Sumardjo
Published: February 2019

This research aimed to explore the cultural wisdom which encouraged the spirit to empower the community and to reveal code-mixing utilization in the conversation. This research was conducted in progressive farming communities in West Java and Banten provinces. They communicated through an ODF (Online Discussion Forum) bridged by WhatsApp Group (WAG) social networking app. Content Analysis method could reveal the wisdom of the Sundanese culture that underlined the spirit of the progressive farmers. The observation period was from August 25 - November 26, 2016. During the observation period, there were 10.313 statements emerged in the discussion. Nvivo 8 software was used to analyze discussion themes. 20 statements were displayed in the results section as they could reflect the research questions. In code-mixing Indonesian and Sundanese, the progressive farmers also expressed their efforts to nurture young farmers by conducting training. The result shows that code-mixing of Indonesian and local language as mother tongue in the discussions accelerates mutual understanding because of cultural similarity between actors. It also implies that communication technology could be utilized for maintaining indigenous cultural wisdom.
Implementing Process Writing Strategy Using Weblogs to Improve Students’ Ability in Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Syarofi Abdullah , Kuswahono Deny , Rizky Hendi
Published: February 2019

This research aimed at improving the ability of the X MIA 3 students of Senior High School 2 Lamongan in writing descriptive text through the implementation of process writing strategy facilitated by weblogs. This research was a collaborative action research which consisted of four stages: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The data required were gathered by using observation checklists, field notes, and questionnaire. The results of the above-mentioned instruments indicate that the students show their active participation and good interest in attending the learning activity. The group discussion regarding the assigned objects in the pre-writing stage and the implementation of media weblogs can make the students participate more actively when the learning procedure is implemented. Meanwhile, the writing ability of the students also improves as proven by the fact that every student can successfully increase his/her score in at least 10 points, which indicates an improvement to a higher level. It is also found that all of the writing aspects, such as content, organization, and language are improved due to the activity of pre-writing that the students do. The observation towards the assigned objects and idea generation makes the students have a clear plan regarding what to write on the draft.
The Form of Arguments Using Argument Reconstruction in Online Media Articles
Authors: Parai Hestiyani , Boeriswati Endry , Anwar Miftahulkhaira
Published: February 2019

This research aimed to identify the form of arguments in online media articles using argument reconstruction. The data were argumentative texts written in online media article in 2017 in www.hipwee.com, malesbanget.com, and www.idntimes.com. The data studied were 44 paragraphs consisting of 150 sentences. The approach used was qualitative approach by using content analysis method. This research used the triangulation technique (combination). The simultaneous data collection was coupled with data credibility tests with various data collection techniques and sources. Meanwhile, means of documentation and content analysis techniques were done to collect the data. The results indicate that the often used reasonings in online media articles are the generalization in 11 paragraphs and categorical syllogism in 28 paragraphs. The results of this research can be used to find out and develop ways of writing online media articles for writers and readers of online media articles.
Expressions of Attitudes in Students’ Narrative Writing: An Appraisal Analysis
Authors: Fitriati Sri Wuli , Solihah Yuni Awalaturrohmah , Tusino Tusino
Published: February 2019

This article investigated attitude, one of subsystem appraisal, in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) university students’ narrative writings. Five narrative writing was selected purposefully from undergraduate students of the English Department at a local private university in Central Java. The findings demonstrate that the affect is the most dominant subsystem of attitude used in the students’ narrative writing to convey feelings and emotion of characters and events in the stories in order to make the readers involved in the stories. The prominent finding of this research implies that most students used expressions of attitudes which belong to basic English words and repetition of same words. This present research suggests English language teachers and lecturers pay more attention to the explicit teaching of attitudinal words usage in writing, especially narrative writing.
Actinomycetes as a Paramount Source of Biologically Important Enzyme Inhibitors – “A Boon to Mankind”
Authors: Siddharth Saket , Rai Ravishankar V.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Bioactive compounds from microorganisms have been widely studied for several biological, therapeutic and pharmaceutical importances. Bacterial secondary metabolites have proven their worth as a prolific source of antibiotics, antifungal, antiviral, anticholesterol and immunosuppressant. The majority of inhibitors are secondary metabolites of varying chemical moieties produced by microorganisms among which actinomycetes are most important due to their tremendous diversity. Actinomycetes are most economically and commercially important prokaryotes known for their metabolic versatility. They have gained attention due to their ability to produce novel bioactive compounds with many applications. This review provides an overview on well-established actinobacterial bioactive compounds used as enzyme inhibitors for the treatment and management of diseases and their future perspectives.

Objective:

We focused on actinobacterial bioactive compounds which were reported to possess enzyme inhibition activity. An extensive search on well-acknowledged enzyme inhibitors was done by referring to peer-reviewed research papers. The papers were screened on the basis of the significance of research work done.

Results:

The research papers referred in this review article suggest the potential of bioactive compounds as therapeutically important enzyme inhibitors. The actinobacterial compounds were found to possess enzyme inhibition potential and could be developed into an antibacterial, antifungal, antimetastatic, antidiabetic and antihypertensive agent. These inhibitors were structurally elucidated and belonged to the class of peptides, proteins and pseudotrisaccharides.

Conclusion:

The findings of this review paper highlight the enormous potential of actinomycetes and bioactive compounds as enzyme inhibitors of therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance.
Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Ionic Liquid and Spectrophotometric Determination of Bilirubin in Biological Samples
Authors: Avan Asiye A. , Filik Hayati
Published: February 2019

Background:

An Ionic Liquid-based based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction
(IL-DLLME) method was not applied to preconcentration and determination of bilirubin. Ionic
Liquids (ILs) are new chemical compounds. In recent years, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have been employed
as alternative solvents to toxic organic solvents. Due to these perfect properties, ILs have already
been applied in many analytical extraction processes, presenting high extraction yield and selectivity
for analytes.

Methods:

In this study, IL-DLLME was applied to biological samples (urine and serum) for the spectrophotometric
detection of bilirubin. For bilirubin analysis, the full-color development was based on
the reaction with periodate in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The high affinity of bilirubin for the
ionic liquid phase gave extraction percentages above 98% in 0.3 M HCl solution.

Results:

Several IL-extraction parameters were optimized and room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-
1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and ethanol were used as extraction and
disperser solution. The linear range was found in the range of 0.5-6.0 μM (0.3-3.5 μg mL-1) and the
limits of detection of the proposed method was 0.5 μM (0.3 μg mL-1). The proposed method was applied
for the preconcentration and separation of trace bilirubin in real urine samples. Also, the recoveries
for bilirubin in spiked biological samples (urine and serum) were found to be acceptable, between
95-102%.

Conclusion:

The proposed IL-DLLMEapproach was employed for the enrichment and determination
of trace levels of bilirubin in urine samples using NaIO4 as an oxidizing agent and Uv-vis spectrophotometric
detection. The periodate oxidation of bilirubin is rapid, effective, selective, and simple to
perform. The method contains only HCl, NaOI4, and an anionic surfactant. The method may be useful
for economizing in the consumption of reagents in bilirubin determining. The IL-DLLMEmethod
ensures a high yield and has a low toxicity no skin sensitization, no mutagenicity and no ecotoxicity in an
aquatic environment since only very low quantities of an IL is required. For full-color formation, no
any extra auxiliary reagents are required. Besides, the IL-DLLME technique uses a low-cost instrument
such as Uv-vis which is present in most of the medical laboratories.
The Application of TLC and Densitometry for Quantitative Determination of Meloxicam in Tablets
Authors: Parys Wioletta , Bober Katarzyna , Pyka-Pająk Alina , Dołowy Małgorzata
Published: February 2019

Background:

Meloxicam is as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that indicates a strong
anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity. It is used in the treatment of osteoarthritis arthritis,
osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in the form of various pharmaceutical preparations.

Objective:

The aim of the work was an elaboration of chromatographic conditions enabling the complete
separation of impurities A and B from meloxicam and also its quantitative determination in tablets
with use of TLC combined with densitometry as well as the comparison of the method proposed with
that described in the literature by Starek and Krzek.

Methods:

The mixture of ethyl acetate: toluene: n-butylamine (2:2:1, v/v/v) was used as a mobile phase.
Determination of meloxicam was performed on silica gel and aluminium oxide plates. Chromatographic
conditions presented in this work are better than those described by Starek and Krzek.

Results:

Linearity of the method for both types of plates was in the range from 1.0 to 5.0 µg/spot. Limit
of quantification for silica gel plates was 0.18 µg/spot, while for aluminium oxide plates it was 0.26
µg/spot. Limit of detection has been also specified, 0.06 μg/spot for silica gel plates and 0.08 μg/spot
for aluminium oxide plates. The average amount of meloxicam in tablets obtained on silica gel plates
was 100.4%, and on the aluminium oxide plates it was 100.3%.

Conclusion:

The developed method of determination of meloxicam using thin layer chromatography
combined with densitometry turned out to be accurate, precise and specific. It can be successfully applied
in quality control of meloxicam.
Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
Authors: Jia Jing , Ma Baitao , Wang Shaoshuai , Feng Ling
Published: February 2019

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are implicated in multiple biologic processes such as
vascular homeostasis, neovascularization and tissue regeneration, and tumor angiogenesis. A subtype
of EPCs is referred to as endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), which display robust clonal proliferative
potential and can form durable and functional blood vessels in animal models. In this review,
we provide a brief overview of EPCs’ characteristics, classification and origins, a summary of the
progress in preclinical studies with regard to the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord blood
derived ECFCs (CB-ECFCs) for ischemia repair, tissue engineering and tumor, and highlight the necessity
to select high proliferative CB-ECFCs and to optimize their recovery and expansion conditions.
Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Loaded Naproxen Nanoparticles by Emulsion Interfacial Reaction Method
Authors: Sailaja Abbaraju Krishna , Banu Juveria
Published: February 2019

Aim:

The aim of this investigation was to develop and characterize naproxen loaded chitosan
nanoparticles by emulsion interfacial reaction method.

Methodology:

For emulsion interfacial reaction method chitosan was used as a polymer. In this
method, eight formulations were prepared by varying drug to polymer concentration.

Discussion:

Out of eight formulations prepared using emulsion interfacial reaction method EI8 formulation
was found to be the best formulation. The drug content was observed as 94.4%, entrapment efficiency
and loading capacity were found to be 87.5% and 75%, respectively. The mean particle diameter
was measured as 324.6nm and the Zeta potential value was found to be -42.4mv. In vitro drug release
data showed 97.2% of drug release rate sustained up to 12hrs.

Conclusion:

The results clearly reveal that EI8 formulation having the highest amount of drug was
considered as the best formulation because of its small mean particle diameter, good entrapment efficiency,
and stability.
Comparison of weighting methods used in multicriteria decision analysis frameworks in healthcare with focus on low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Németh Bertalan , Molnár Anett , Bozóki Sándor , Wijaya Kalman , Inotai András , Campbell Jonathan D , Kaló Zoltán
Published: February 2019

Aim:
Criteria weighting is a key element of multicriteria decision analysis that is becoming extensively used in healthcare decision-making. In our narrative review we describe the advantages and disadvantages of various weighting methods.
Methods:
An assessment of the eight identified primary criteria weighting methods was compiled on domains including their resource requirements, and potential for bias.
Results:
In general, we found more complex methods to have less potential for bias; however, resource intensity and general participant burden is greater for these methods.
Conclusion:
The selection of the most appropriate method depends on the decision-making context. The simple multiattribute rating technique (SMART) method combined with swing-weighting technique and the analytic hierarchy process methods may be the most feasible approaches for low- and middle-income countries.
¿Nanomateriales o nanopartículas? Desafíos de la ontología del dominio nano
Authors: Zambon Alfio , Córdoba Mariana , Lombardi Olimpia
Published: February 2019

Las dificultades encontradas para pensar la química a partir de categorías que la filosofía había articulado tradicionalmente para la física tuvo como consecuencia la emergencia de un fértil campo de problemas específicos –la filosofía de la química–. Recientemente, nuevos desafíos surgen al analizar el nanomundo desde una perspectiva filosófica. En este trabajo argumentaremos que la categoría de individuo, típica de la física, y la categoría de stuff, típica de la macro-química, no resultan adecuadas para analizar el dominio de las nanociencias. Argumentaremos también que el nivel de los nanomateriales complejiza nuestra mirada acerca de la constitución del mundo químico. Atendiendo a algunas cuestiones epistemológicas y especialmente ontológicas, analizaremos qué nuevos problemas surgen para una filosofía de las nanociencias.
La axiomática del valor
Authors: S. Hartman Robert
Published: February 2019

La axiomática del valor
Wertobjektivität und Realitätserfahrung, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Philosophie Nicolai Hartmanns, por Ricardo Guillermo Maliandi
Authors: S. Hartman Robert
Published: February 2019

Wertobjektivität und Realitätserfahrung, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Philosophie Nicolai Hartmanns, por Ricardo Guillermo Maliandi
Patrick Romanell, The Making of the Mexican Mind
Authors: Frost Elsa Cecilia
Published: February 2019

Patrick Romanell, The Making of the Mexican Mind
Uso de procalcitonina como diagnóstico de sepsis o shock séptico: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Authors: Manrique Abril Fred , Mendez Fandiño Yardany , Herrera-Amaya Giomar , Rodriguez Johana , Manrique-Abril Ricardo
Published: February 2019

Introducción: La procalcitonina (PCT) es una prohormona de la calcitonina, producida por las células C de la glándula tiroides y convertida intracelularmente por enzimas proteolíticas en la hormona activa. La producción de PCT durante procesos inflamatorios, está ligada a endotoxinas bacterianas y a citoquinas inflamatorias. La mortalidad por sepsis, depende en gran medida de la detección precoz y del inicio de una terapia adecuada, incluyendo la administración de antibióticos apropiados, sin embargo, no está claro si el rendimiento diagnóstico de la PCT en el contexto de la nueva definición de sepsis en el tercer consenso es igual que con la definición previa.Métodos: Se incluyeron estudios que describieran el uso de PCT dentro de las primeras 24 horas de admisión, como prueba diagnóstica de sepsis. Se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos de Medline (Pubmed) y Embase. La calidad metodológica se evaluó según la Colaboración Cochrane en el desarrollo de Revisiones Sistemáticas sobre Test de Análisis para la herramienta QUADAS-II. El sesgo de publicación fue estudiado con el Test de Asimetría de Deeks. Se usó el módulo de MIDAS de STATA 14 para el análisis univariado y la construcción de la Curva de ROC.Resultados: Se obtuvieron 2076 registros (783 de Medline y 1293 de Embase). De los 12 estudios seleccionados, se incluyeron un total de 1353 pacientes, con una prevalencia en los estudios revisados entre el 9% y 88%, con un promedio del 47%. La Sensibilidad agrupada fue 0,83% (IC95% (0,74-0,89)) y la Especificidad fue 0,84% (IC95%(0,76-0,89)). El área bajo la Curva fue 0,90 (IC95%(0,87-0,92)). La heterogeneidad entre los estudios es importante I2 88% (IC95%(77-100)). Existe un sesgo de publicación según el test de Deek, con resultado P=0,04. En el análisis sobre la Probabilidad Post test según el nomograma de Fagan, es del 56%, teniendo en cuenta una probabilidad pretest del 20% según el LR positivo 5.Conclusión: La PCT es una prueba diagnóstica con buen rendimiento para sepsis o shock séptico, en pacientes adultos, no gestantes. Aunque hay sesgo de publicación y una gran heterogeneidad en los resultados, la prueba se considera adecuada para el escenario de sepsis según las nuevas definiciones.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Semangka (Citrullus lanatus)
Authors: Mariani Sri , Rahman Nurdin , Supriadi Supriadi
Published: February 2019

The aim of this study is to determine the IC50 extracts values of white peel and flesh of red watermelon, white peel and flesh of yellow watermelon as antioxidants. To determine antioxidant activities DPPH reagent was used and UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used to measure Vitamin C as a positive control measurement. The samples mixed with ethanol in a various concentration of 5, 15, 25 and 35 mg/L. The results showed that the IC50 values for each extract of red watermelon flesh, yellow watermelon flesh, white peel of red watermelon, and white peel of yellow watermelon were 16.619, 16.575, 14.729, and 16.782 mg/L, respectively. Vitamin C as positive control has an IC50 value of 9.526 mg/L. These IC50 values showed that vitamin C had higher antioxidant activity than watermelon extracts, but the extracts of watermelon still categorized in strong natural antioxidants. This study concluded that watermelon is good to be consumed because it is a very strong antioxidant.
Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Efektivitas Tepung Biji Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Kolesterol Total Darah Mencit Jantan
Authors: Nurliana Nurliana , Rahman Nurdin , Ratman Ratman
Published: February 2019

The aim of the study was to determine phytochemical compounds levels in Moringa seeds and determine the effective dose of moringa seed flour in lowering total cholesterol blood levels of mice. Qualitative test of phytochemical compounds in moringa seed flour was done using specific reagents. The effect of moringa seed flour in lowering total cholesterol blood levels was performed in 18 male mice divided randomly into 6 groups, i.e P1 as the negative control group, P2 as the positive control group by giving simvastatin, P3 as the test group with a dose of 0.14 g/kg BW/day, P4 as the test group with a dose of 0.28 g/kg BW/day, P5 as the test group with a dose of 0.42 g/kg BW/day, and P6 as the test group with a dose of 0.56 g/kg BW/day. P1 to P6 were given propylthiouracilin conjunction with a suitable treatment of the group. Data were analyzed with One-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc tests at 95% significant level. Results showed that moringa seed flour contained positively of flavonoids and saponins. Results analysis of changes on the total cholesterol levels between groups with One-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference (p = 0.002), where Fcount value=7.476 > Ftable value=3.11. The group with the provision of 0.42 g/kg BB/day of moringa seed flour performed the most effective influence in lowering total cholesterol blood levels of male mice which amounted to 34.33 mg/dL or 18.66%.
Penentuan Kadar Protein dan Karbohidrat pada Limbah Batang Pohon Pisang Kepok (Musa paradisiaca normalis)
Authors: Dhamayanti Noviasri , Tiwow Vanny M. A. , Nuryanti Siti
Published: February 2019

The aim of this study was to determine protein and carbohydrate levels contained in waste of banana kepok (Musa paradisiaca Normalis) trees. Samples were taken from Mpanau Sigi Central Sulawesi. This study used Kjeldahl method in determining protein level, and anthrone method in determining reducing sugar level. The analysis results obtained in the hard layer of banana tree are 3.05% of protein level and 6.75% of carbohydrate level, while in the soft layer of banana tree are 0.08% of protein level and 4.75% of carbohydrate level, respectively. This study concluded that protein and carbohydrate levels obtained from the hard layer of banana kepok trees waste is higher, than literatures.
Does board composition influence CSR reporting? A meta-analysis
Authors: Velte Patrick
Published: February 2019

A variety of empirical studies analyzed the impact of board attributes on corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting with mixed results during the last decade. In view of this heterogeneity and increased relevance, we conduct a meta-analysis on 51 empirical-quantitative studies and include board independence, the absence of CEO duality, gender diversity and board size as key board attributes. We find that board independence and gender diversity are positively linked with CSR reporting. Furthermore, we examine whether this relationship is moderated by country-specific governance aspects (shareholder protection, legal enforcement, and code law regime). We find that board independence and gender diversity are stronger related to CSR reporting in countries with a higher range of shareholder protection and higher legal enforcement strength. We do not find any evidence for a moderator effect of code law regimes. To analyze the sensitivity of our study, we differentiate between CSR reporting measures (individual disclosure scores versus external CSR disclosure ratings) and publication quality of our included papers (journals of the ABS ranking) and found robust results. Recommendations for future research practice and regulation will be discussed.
Diabetes and Behavior in the 21st Century: Things That Make You Go “Hmmm . . . ”
Authors: Wysocki Tim
Published: February 2019

Editor's Note: This article is adapted from the address Dr. Wysocki delivered as the recipient of the American Diabetes Association’s Richard R. Rubin Award for 2018. This award recognizes a behavioral researcher who has made outstanding, innovative contributions to the study and understanding of the behavioral aspects of diabetes in diverse populations. Dr. Wysocki delivered the address in June 2018 at the association’s 78th Scientific Sessions in Orlando, Fla.
Citizenship in Collision
Authors: Elvebakk Beate
Published: February 2019

In 2004, the Norwegian Accident Investigation Board (AIBN), previously restricted to civil aviation, was expanded to include a new section for road traffic, which was to investigate individual road accidents. The overall ambition behind the new organisation was to reduce the number of fatalities in road traffic. This article explores the idea that the main task of the Accident Investigation Board’s section for road traffic was to construct a new kind of narrative about road accidents, which would in turn open up new possibilities for intervention. The article examines what characterizes the narratives they have constructed and how these narratives interact with conceptions of risk and causality. It also discusses how they fit into the existing structure of road safety work in Norway. It concludes that the Accident Investigation Board’s narratives are implicitly political, as they partly deconstruct the notion of liberal citizenship underlying the legal system, and that this deconstruction can potentially have far-reaching practical consequences.
Optimizing Selection for Yield Using Selection Index
Authors: Moeljopawiro Sugiono
Published: February 2019

An experiment was conducted to construct selection indices for yield. F2 populations of half diallel crosses involving six cultivars were analyzed to calculate phenotypic and additive genetic variances and covariances which were used to construct selection indices. Results of the selection index indicated that selection applied to several traits simultaneously was more efficient than selection based on an individual trait or a combination of only one or two traits. However, the choice of traits to be included in a selection index should be determined by their economic value and Index involving panicle length, grain length, and grain width, was a promising index in this study. A selection index properly constituted can be used to improve the selection procedure, once homozygousity is assured.
Inheritance of Pedicel Characters and Their Association to Fruit Characters in Capsicum annuum L.
Authors: Setiamihardja Ridwan
Published: February 2019

Fruit detachment force (FDF) has shown highly correlated to the pedicel size of Capsicum annuum L. The inheritance of pedicel size (length and diameter) and their correlation to the fruit size (length and diameter) were evaluated from the cross 'Serrano' x 'KRG'. Pedicel length and diameter apparently were inherited as quantitative characters, mainly in additive manner, with very low heritability estimates, 4.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Correlation coefficient between fruit diameter and pedicel diameter was positive and significant at 1% level. There was an indication of linkage or pleiotropy between fruit diameter and pedicel diameter.
Screening for Salinity Tolerance in Lowland Rice
Authors: Sulaiman Suhaimi
Published: February 2019

Screening for breeding materials for salinity tolerance is most accurately done by measuring grain yields. However, mass screening during the vegetative period of plant development using pots in a greenhouse is more effective for rapid evaluation of large amounts of germplasm.In this study, Pokkall and IR 22 cultivars were grown in pots which contained five kilograms of soil. The soil had been fertilized with four liters of Hoagland's solution which was salinized with a given concentration of 0, 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm, and 6000 ppm NaCl. Four of two weeks old seedlings were transplanted into each pot. The experiment unit were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications.A salinity level of 4000 ppm NaCl (8.5 mmhos/cm EC) showed the best differentiation of phenotypic performance for the salinity tolerance evaluation four weeks after transplanting.This technique was also used for screening of 23 traditional cultivars from South Kalimantan at salinity level of 8.5 mmhos/cm EC. Pokkal was used as tolerant check, and IR 22 was use as a susceptible check.Bayar Putih, Pandak, Pucuk, Lemo, and Duyung cultivars were identified as the most tolerant cultivars. It was also found that the percentage of sodium was greater in susceptible plants than in tolerant ones. However, the differences in N, P, and K were relatively small.
Geotechnical Geospatial Semantics and Interoperable GIS : the Case of GeoSeism for Automated Seismic Microzonation Studies
Authors: Papadopoulou Maria Apostolos
Published: February 2019

GeoSeism is a GIS-based application software which is intended to provide more automated seismic microzonation studies by utilizing the interoperable GIS technology. Proving the applicability of the LCIM (Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model), it portrays an implemented combination of technical along with semantic and conceptual interoperability maturity, in which the modelling level of interoperability consists of more than one data end-users. Based on the experiences distilled from an extensive case study, this case faces problems of data inconsistency related to semantics. Inconsistency restricts the capability to derive geotechnical meanings from the employed geospatial data. The role of the semantic interoperability level is to appropriately process the meanings of the exchanged data so that the end-users can efficiently use these data. Otherwise, data are not fully applicable on geotechnical methodologies. The interoperation with the expert knowledge algorithm Semantic Interpreter Pythia (SI) proved especially helpful to undertake the role to improve the semantic interoperability in an automated manner. It modeled the semantics of data prior to data exchange. This innovative type of semantic interpretation is not related to the conventional search processes but to the spatial data process and the overcoming of a variety of many semantic-related data inconsistency. Distributed systems could evolve into geotechnical interoperable GIS combining typical application software with an SI. GeoSeism implemented a first concept of interoperable GIS which can model geotechnical semantics to ensure semantic interoperability, as well as allows for current or future interchange of geotechnical operations and applicable data for the benefit of engineers and GIS.
Ultrasonic Quality Assessment of Polymer-Cement Concrete with Pet Waste as the Aggregate
Authors: Sokołowska J. J. , Zalegowski K.
Published: February 2019

Elaborating composites containing waste materials requires study of basic mechanical properties and assessment of their structure quality. The subject of investigation was PPC concrete where aggregate was substituted with PET remaining after beverages bottles grinding. Substitution was done up to 25% (by volume). Waste material was fractioned and applied in various granulations. The main goal was to indicate the influence of such modification on the composite mechanical properties and to examine composite structure quality at macro level. Since PET and quartz differ greatly in density, to perform such examination it was possible to apply the nondestructive ultrasonic method, one of the most common NDT techniques used in material science and industry. The paper presents the effects of substitution of quartz with PET on ultrasonic wave propagation in PCC. The ultrasonic test results (measurements of wave velocity) compared with results of destructive tests (flexural and compressive strength) showed great correlation.
Automation Detection of Driver Fatigue Using Visual Behavior Variables
Authors: Wang Yonggang , Ma Jingfeng
Published: February 2019

To examine the correlation of driver visual behaviors and subjective levels of fatigue, a total of 36 commercial drivers were invited to participate in 2-h, 3-h, and 4-h naturalistic driving tests during which their eye fixation, saccade, blinking variables, and self-awareness of their fatigue levels were recorded. Then, one-way ANOVA was applied to analyze the variations of each variable among different age groups over varying time periods. The statistical analysis revealed that driving duration had a significant effect on the variation of visual behaviors and feelings of fatigue. After 2h of driving, only the average closure duration value and subjective level of fatigue had an increase of one-fifth or more. After 4h of driving, however, all these variables had a significant change except for the number of saccades and pupil diameter measurements. Particularly, driver saccadic eye movement was more sensitive to driving fatigue, and the elderly were more likely to be affected by the duration of the drive. Finally, a predictor of driver fatigue was determined to detect the real-time level of fatigue and alert at the critical moment.
Tending Cutting and Target Diameter Tables for Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra L.) Stands in Hungary
Authors: Rédei Károly , Csiha Imre , Rásó János , Kovács Csaba , Bakti Beatrix , Kiss Tamás , Keserű Zsolt
Published: February 2019

In addition to black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and hybrid poplars, northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) can be considered the third most important exotic stand-forming tree species in Hungary. Due to its advantageous silvicultural and growth characteristics, as well as its wood utilization possibilities, the present area northern red oak stands occupy in the country amount to 15 thousand hectares. This study presents a new, simplified tending cutting table for northern red oak stands as well as an age-target diameter table suitable for quality log production within a rotation period of generally 80–85 years. The simplicity of the practice-oriented tables based on a relevant yield table may further the qualitative development of northern red oak management and wood utilization.
Tax Exemptions in Excise Duty in the Context of Fiscal Efficiency
Authors: Sygut Edyta
Published: February 2019

The basic function of taxes is the fiscal function, which consists in collecting revenue by public authorities. The imposition of non-fiscal functions on taxes causes the weakening of their basic function. The purpose of the article is to present tax exemptions, as well as to assess the fiscal consequences of their application in excise duty in Poland in 2012-2016.

The Polish excise duty solutions provide for numerous tax exemptions, whereby it should be noted that a significant part are attributable to EU solutions resulting from harmonisation of this tax. In light of the conducted research, it may be concluded that the applied tax exemptions have a significant influence on fiscal efficiency (causing an average revenue decrease of approximately 7% during the examined period).
Ruderal vegetation in Kryvyi Rih (Ukraine) – the class of Robinietea
Authors: Yeremenko Nathalia
Published: February 2019

The present paper studies the ruderal vegetation of the class of Robinietea in Kryvyi Rih. We present the spontaneous woody vegetation of parks and other artificial plantations. Urban landscapes remain unstudied phytosociologically despite the highly diverse habitat niches. We have carried out the comparisons of communities from other regions of Ukraine and adjacent territories. In total, four associations and one derivate community, belonging to three alliances, were identified and categorized as follows: Chelidonio-Acerion negundi (synanthropic tree communities with Acer negundo), Chelidonio majoris-Robinion pseudoacaciae (artificial and spontaneous plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia), Geo-Acerion platanoidis (artificial plantations of broad-leaved tree species). The ordination analysis indicates ecological differentiation of syntaxa investigated in Kryvyi Rih. The most important of them are soil aeration (Ae), the cryo-climate (Cr) and nitrogen content in soil (Nt). Critical revision of the class Robinietea syntaxonomy demands further current research.
Alpine grasslands with dominant Luzula alpinopilosa in the Julian and Carnic Alps (NW Slovenia, NE Italy)
Authors: Dakskobler Igor , Poldini Livio
Published: February 2019

We conducted a phytosociological study of alpine grasslands with dominant Luzula alpinopilosa in the Julian and Carnic Alps. Based on a comparison with similar communities elsewhere in the Alps we described a new association Junco jacquinii-Luzuletum alpinopilosae, which we classify into the provisional alliance Doronico glacialis-Juncion jacquinii, order Festucetalia spadiceae and class Juncetea trifidi. The new association characterises moist shady grasslands in gullies and on ledges on limestone admixed with marlstone and chert, in the elevation range between 2000 and 2500 m, where the snow cover persists for extended periods. We distinguish three subassociations: -galietosum anisophyllae (the most calcareous form), -potentilletosum aureae (typical form) and -leucanthemopsietosum alpinae (acidophilic form on Werfen sandstones in the Carnic Alps, which is the most similar to the stands of the association Luzuletum alpinopilosae from the Central Alps).
Galanthus elwesii Hook (Amaryllidaceae) in the flora of Kosovo
Authors: Hashani Zeqir , Maxhuni Qenan , Ferizi Rrahman , Abdurrahmani Almir , Mala Xhavit
Published: February 2019

Flora of the southern part of Kosovo has previously been studied in a limited way due to the difficult terrain and the fact that up to the 1990s it was a military area. In this paper we report Galanthus elwesii Hook for the first time from Kosovo. This species is found in different habitats, mainly in siliceous substrate or wet meadows of the Dragash Municipality, South Kosovo. This species was collected in the Vraça Mountains, near Restelica, (part of National Park ‘Sharri’) on the road leading to the border with Macedonia. The study area consists of territories belonging to the phytogeographic system Skardon-Pindik (Sharri-Pindi) and includes the mountain ranges of Sharri. This research comprises the presence, description, spread and mapping of the species.
Future Scenarios of European Forests
Authors: Nabuurs Gert-Jan
Published: February 2019

Scenarios based on contrasting storylines can be used as a tool to explore the different ways in which the future may develop and their impacts on the sustainability of European forestry. These scenarios are neither predictions nor forecasts, but are used to create a consistent image of a future, and to help decision makers and other actors in making well informed choices. Each storyline assumes a distinctly different direction for future developments. Here we discuss characteristics of scenario studies forest large scale forest resources in general and focus on a few recent trends and their long term impact on European forests, as e.g. nature oriented management, carbon credits, and extra demand for bioenergy.
Jonathan Edwards and His Understanding of Revival
Authors: Moga Dinu
Published: February 2019

From an early age Jonathan Edwards became intellectually equipped for the task of defining theology of the revival movements of North America. As a revivalist Edwards came from a Calvinistic theological tradition and moved along the plane of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Puritan theology. Through his studies and meditations on God’s Word Edwards realised that the great need of his time was for a change in the way the old doctrine of sovereignty needed to be understood. The realisation of this fact led him to produce an explicitly and consistently Calvinistic theology of revival. For Edwards revival times represented unusual and extraordinary times. In his eyes, revival is a glorious and wonderful working of God when the Spirit of God is poured out in a far greater and more glorious measure.