bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linking Organizational Ambidexterity and Performance: The Drivers of Sustainability in High-Tech Firms
Authors: Peng Michael Yao-Ping , Lin Ku-Ho , Peng Dennis Liute , Chen Peihua
Published: July 2019

To strengthen national competitiveness and sustainability, the high-tech industry has been developed as the center of gravity of industrial development in each country, covering the development of new products and the expansion to new customers and markets. Although both aspects are indispensable to high-tech firms’ growth momentum and competitive advantages, it is difficult to develop them at the same time. In recent years, scholars have been paying an increasing amount of attention to the significance of organizational ambidexterity in different management fields. Importantly, transformed high-tech firms are obliged to manage the tensions and conflicts that arise from the exploration of new knowledge and the exploitation of existing knowledge to find an appropriate balance between the two to yield synergistic effects. In this study, an original method was used to measure differences in the degree of ambidexterity. The method establishes a multiplicative term of exploration and exploitation to represent the degree of effect of ambidexterity. The higher the exploration and exploitation are, the higher the degree of ambidexterity will be. This study takes as its objects electronics manufacturing firms in Taiwan that engage in the development of new high-tech products. We issued a total of 1000 questionnaires to electronics manufacturing firms in Taiwan and received 228 valid ones. The results indicate that exploitation has a positive effect on performance, and there is an inverse U-shaped correlation between exploration/exploitation and performance. Ambidexterity and its interaction with the market orientation were found to have a positive influence on organizational performance. We also investigated the extent to which an organization places emphasis on resources and the influence of resource allocation on organizational performance. We suggest that the co-existence of exploration and exploitation is important to organizational performance. Accordingly, developing the two capabilities at the same time conforms to the concept of ambidexterity.
Evolution and Determinants of an Air Transport Network: A Case Study of the Chinese Main Air Transport Network
Authors: Su Min , Luan Weixin , Li Zeyang , Wan Shulin , Zhang Zhenchao
Published: July 2019

The Chinese main air transport network (CMATN) is the framework for air passenger transport in the country. This study uses complex networks and an econometric model to analyze CMATN’s evolution and determinants. In terms of overall network structure, the network has always shown small-world properties, with smaller average path lengths (2.06–2.15) and larger clustering coefficients (0.68–0.77), while its cumulative degree distribution follows an exponential function. City passenger volumes conform to the degree power law function, which means that the more destinations a city connects to, the higher its passenger traffic will be. In major hub cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, control power decreases, while Chengdu, Kunming, Chongqing, Xi’an, Urumqi, and other cities play an increasingly important role in CMATN. In terms of main route passenger volumes and formation, increases in GDP and tourism have had a promoting effect, while high-speed rail (HSR) poses a threat to overlapping routes. CMATN is primarily located in the central and eastern regions, focusing on China’s economy, tourism, and efficient HSR development. Although the competition from HSR affects the overall network structure of CMATN based on its influence on specific routes, we believe that the impact is limited due to the different transport attributes of the two networks. The research results of this study can become an information source for decision makers and provide a reference for air transport to seek sustainable development.
Updated Constraints on the Variations of the Fine-Structure Constant from an Analysis of White-Dwarf Spectra
Authors: Le T. D.
Published: July 2019

I fused observed spectra from the white-dwarf star G191-B2B to constrain the spatial and temporal variation of the fine-structure constant, α = e 2 4 π ε 0 ℏ c . The analysis was combined with laboratory-measured and astronomically observed lines in [Ni V] to find Δ α / α = ( − 0.003 ± 0.072 ) × 10 − 6 . The obtained result allows a symmetry of the related comparison with previous studies looking for cosmological variations of α using spectra from Quasi Stellar Objects (QSOs). In this way, we can expect higher sensitivity from white-dwarf spectra than QSO spectra. Therefore, this study should have orders-of-magnitude higher sensitivity per system than previous quasar studies, and we should reduce statistical and systematic errors. The results of this study place a more stringent limit on Δ α / α than previous studies using the same data.
Fire Ant Venom Alkaloids Inhibit Biofilm Formation
Authors: Carvalho Danielle Bruno de , Fox Eduardo Gonçalves Paterson , Santos Diogo Gama dos , Sousa Joab Sampaio de , Freire Denise Maria Guimarães , Nogueira Fabio C. S. , Domont Gilberto B. , Castilho Livia Vieira Araujo de , Machado Ednildo de Alcântara
Published: July 2019

Biofilm formation on exposed surfaces is a serious issue for the food industry and medical health facilities. There are many proposed strategies to delay, reduce, or even eliminate biofilm formation on surfaces. The present study focuses on the applicability of fire ant venom alkaloids (aka ‘solenopsins’, from Solenopsis invicta) tested on polystyrene and stainless steel surfaces relative to the adhesion and biofilm-formation by the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. Conditioning with solenopsins demonstrates significant reduction of bacterial adhesion. Inhibition rates were 62.7% on polystyrene and 59.0% on stainless steel surfaces. In addition, solenopsins drastically reduced cell populations already growing on conditioned surfaces. Contrary to assumptions by previous authors, solenopsins tested negative for amphipathic properties, thus understanding the mechanisms behind the observed effects still relies on further investigation.
Ternidens deminutus Revisited: A Review of Human Infections with the False Hookworm
Authors: Bradbury Richard S.
Published: July 2019

Ternidens deminutus, the false hookworm of humans and non-human primates, represents a truly neglected intestinal helminth infection. The similarity of the eggs of this nematode to those of hookworm both presents a diagnostic challenge and a potential confounder in prevalence surveys of soil transmitted helminths (STH) in regions where T. deminutus is found. The helminth infects non-human primates throughout Africa and Asia, but reports of human infection are almost exclusively found in eastern and southern Africa. Historically, an infection prevalence up to 87% has been reported from some parts of Zimbabwe. Scarce reports of ternidensiasis have also been made in individuals in Suriname and one from Thailand. Little work has been performed on this parasite since the 1970s and it not known why human infection has not been reported more widely or what the current prevalence in humans from historically endemic areas is. This review serves to revisit this enigmatic parasite and provide detail to a modern audience of parasitologists on its history, clinical presentation, geographic distribution, life cycle, biology, morphology, diagnosis and treatment.
Advances in Antiwolbachial Drug Discovery for Treatment of Parasitic Filarial Worm Infections
Authors: Bakowski Malina A. , McNamara Case W.
Published: July 2019

The intracellular bacteria now known as Wolbachia were first described in filarial worms in the 1970s, but the idea of Wolbachia being used as a macrofilaricidal target did not gain wide attention until the early 2000s, with research in filariae suggesting the requirement of worms for the endosymbiont. This new-found interest prompted the eventual organization of the Anti-Wolbachia Consortium (A-WOL) at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, who, among others have been active in the field of antiwolbachial drug discovery to treat filarial infections. Clinical proof of concept studies using doxycycline demonstrated the utility of the antiwolbachial therapy, but efficacious treatments were of long duration and not safe for all infected. With the advance of robotics, automation, and high-speed computing, the search for superior antiwolbachials shifted away from smaller studies with a select number of antibiotics to high-throughput screening approaches, centered largely around cell-based phenotypic screens due to the rather limited knowledge about, and tools available to manipulate, this bacterium. A concomitant effort was put towards developing validation approaches and in vivo models supporting drug discovery efforts. In this review, we summarize the strategies behind and outcomes of recent large phenotypic screens published within the last 5 years, hit compound validation approaches and promising candidates with profiles superior to doxycycline, including ones positioned to advance into clinical trials for treatment of filarial worm infections.
Ts2631 Endolysin from the Extremophilic Thermus scotoductus Bacteriophage vB_Tsc2631 as an Antimicrobial Agent against Gram-Negative Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Plotka Magdalena , Kapusta Malgorzata , Dorawa Sebastian , Kaczorowska Anna-Karina , Kaczorowski Tadeusz
Published: July 2019

Bacteria that thrive in extreme conditions and the bacteriophages that infect them are sources of valuable enzymes resistant to denaturation at high temperatures. Many of these heat-stable proteins are useful for biotechnological applications; nevertheless, none have been utilized as antibacterial agents. Here, we demonstrate the bactericidal potential of Ts2631 endolysin from the extremophilic bacteriophage vB_Tsc2631, which infects Thermus scotoductus, against the alarming multidrug-resistant clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and pathogens from the Enterobacteriaceae family. A 2–3.7 log reduction in the bacterial load was observed in antibacterial tests against A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa after 1.5 h. The Ts2631 activity was further enhanced by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), a metal ion chelator (4.2 log reduction in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii) and, to a lesser extent, by malic acid and citric acid (2.9 and 3.3 log reductions, respectively). The EDTA/Ts2631 combination reduced all pathogens of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly multidrug-resistant Citrobacter braakii, to levels below the detection limit (>6 log); these results indicate that Ts2631 endolysin could be useful to combat Gram-negative pathogens. The investigation of A. baumannii cells treated with Ts2631 endolysin variants under transmission electron and fluorescence microscopy demonstrates that the intrinsic antibacterial activity of Ts2631 endolysin is dependent on the presence of its N-terminal tail.
Stable Isotope Analysis and Persistent Organic Pollutants in Crustacean Zooplankton: The Role of Size and Seasonality
Authors: Piscia Roberta , Mazzoni Michela , Bettinetti Roberta , Caroni Rossana , Cicala Davide , Manca Marina Marcella
Published: July 2019

Zooplankton is crucial for the transfer of matter, energy, and pollutants through aquatic food webs. Primary and secondary consumers contribute to the abundance and standing stock biomass, which both vary seasonally. By means of taxa- and size-specific carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis, the path of pollutants through zooplankton is traced and seasonal changes are addressed, in an effort to understand pollutant dynamics in the pelagic food web. We analyzed zooplankton plurennial changes in concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its relatives (DDTs) and in taxa-specific δ15N signatures in two size fractions, ≥450 µm and ≥850 µm, representative of the major part of zooplankton standing stock biomass and of the fraction to which fish predation is mainly directed, respectively. Our work is aimed at verifying: (1) A link between nitrogen isotopic signatures and pollutant concentrations; (2) the predominance of size versus seasonality for concentration of pollutants; and (3) the contribution of secondary versus primary consumers to carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures. We found a prevalence of seasonality versus size in pollutant concentrations and isotopic signatures. The taxa-specific δ15N results correlated to pollutant concentrations, by means of taxa contribution to standing stock biomass and δ15N isotopic signatures. This is a step forward to understanding the taxa-specific role in pollutant transfer to planktivores and of zooplankton enrichment in PCBs and DDTs.
Assessing the Influence of Environmental Factors on Groundwater Antibiotic Occurrence by Means of Variation Partitioning
Authors: Menció Anna , Mas-Pla Josep
Published: July 2019

The spatial distribution of antibiotics in alluvial aquifers presents a large variability caused by the joint action of several factors including hydrology, land use, and groundwater properties. In this study, the influences of these factors on the spatial variability of antibiotics is evaluated based on an extensive database of 47 wells located in the Baix Fluvià alluvial aquifer (NE Catalonia). Statistical methods such as redundancy and variation partitioning (VP) analyses, which are not commonly used in hydrogeological studies, are herein tested and used to estimate the effects of environmental factors on the observed antibiotic occurrence. Using VP, the total explained variation of the antibiotic distribution only reaches 18% of the total variability, meaning that the whole set of explanatory parameters is insufficient or inadequate to describe the occurrence of antibiotics and their concentration. The results point out that groundwater properties are the most representative parameters, while those related to antibiotic sources and aquifer susceptibility have lower influences. Omitting solute transport parameters that actually govern antibiotic fate (i.e., sorption coefficients and degradation rates) from the statistical analysis limited the success of the VP results. VP thus highlights the importance of researching antibiotic transport in groundwater by determining the reactive properties of these pollutants above other hydrogeochemical variables. We conclude that the present capacity to predict antibiotic existence at a specific location—for instance, a supply well—based on field data is still poor and unrepresentative, being an impediment for groundwater pollution management.
Análise do perfil socioeconômico e da prevalência de enteroparasitoses em crianças com idade escolar em um município de Minas Gerais
Authors: Barbosa Júlia Amaral , Alvim Mariana Macedo , Oliveira Michele Miguel de , Siqueira Raquel de Aquino , Dias Thais Resende , Garcia Patrícia Guedes
Published: July 2019

As enteroparasitoses são causas relevantes de agravo à saúde, sendo frequentes principalmente em crianças com idade escolar. Saneamento básico, higiene e nível socioeconômico são fatores determinantes para a transmissão de parasitoses intestinais. O objetivo foi avaliar a prevalência das parasitoses intestinais em crianças em idade escolar, caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico e de moradia da população e analisar o perfil das parasitoses no município de Rio Preto/MG. O estudo descritivo e transversal analisou amostras de fezes de 79 crianças de 4 a 7 anos em uma escola municipal. A coleta das amostras fecais foi realizada pelo sistema parasitológico Paratest® Formalina 5 para pesquisa de ovos e larvas de helmintos e cistos de protozoários. O material foi avaliado conforme suas características morfológicas através da análise microscópica do sedimento, por quatro observadores. A média de idade foi de 5,6 anos (± 1,1), sendo 51,9% crianças do gênero feminino. A prevalência de parasitoses foi de 11,4% e os protozoários prevalentes foram Giardia lamblia, Endolimax nana e Entamoeba coli. Verificou-se que 69,6% das casas possuíam abastecimento de água tratada; 65,8% possuíam rede de esgoto; 85,0% consumiam água filtrada, mineral ou clorada em casa; e 92,5% declararam lavar as mãos antes das refeições e após usar o banheiro. A prevalência de parasitoses nas crianças participantes do estudo foi considerada baixa e os protozoários encontrados foram Giardia lamblia, Endolimax nana e Entamoeba coli. Apesar da baixa prevalência encontrada, estudos parasitológicos são considerados de extrema importância para o conhecimento das condições de saúde da população, visando a implementação de ações de educação, orientação em saúde e prevenção.
Análise da qualidade de prescrições de antimicrobianos comercializados em uma drogaria da Região Norte do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Diefenthaeler Helissara Silveira , Velentini Matheus Henrique , Da Silva Ana Carolina , Roginski Ana Cristina , Cichota Luiz Carlos , Grazziotin Neiva Aparecida
Published: July 2019

A resistência bacteriana tem sido descrita como preocupação mundial e está relacionada a diversos fatores como: uso abusivo de antimicrobianos, automedicação, falta de conhecimento e/ou descumprimento por parte dos profissionais envolvidos no tratamento. Frente a isso, a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) criou a Resolução de Diretoria Colegiada (RDC) 20/2011 com a finalidade de facilitar a dispensação e controlar o consumo de antimicrobianos. O presente estudo tem a finalidade de analisar prescrições de antimicrobianos orais do ano de 2014 em uma drogaria no município de Erechim-RS, avaliando a sazonalidade climática, a prescrição pela Denominação Comum Brasileira (DCB) e a adequação das prescrições frente a RDC 20/2011. O total de prescrições analisadas foi de 2761. O antimicrobiano mais prescrito foi a Amoxacilina sendo prescrita 1069 vezes, destas 630 estavam em associação com Ácido Clavulânico. Apenas 36,28% das prescrições (1002) estavam com os antimicrobianos descritos pela DCB. Do total de prescrições, 97,57% das mesmas não estavam de acordo com a RDC 20/2011, apresentando a falta de vários itens como idade, sexo, DCB, nome completo do paciente, entre outros. É necessário elaborar mais estudos, campanhas de conscientização tanto para pacientes como para profissionais envolvidos no tratamento, e ter um maior controle tanto na prescrição como na dispensação destes medicamentos.
Avaliação dos hábitos de higiene bucal em portadores de prótese total associados à prevalência de lesões bucais
Authors: Barcellos Aline Serrado de Pinho , Kimpara Estevão Tomomitsu , De Faria Júlio César Brigolini , Monteiro Jaiane Bandoli , Carvalho Ronaldo Luís de Almeida
Published: July 2019

A reabilitação oral com prótese total removível (PTR) visa à devolução de estética e função aos pacientes desdentados, apesar de ser considerada facilitadora de várias patologias bucais. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer os hábitos de higiene bucal dos usuários de PTR, o estado de conservação associado à presença de lesões bucais e o recebimento de orientação profissional. Sessenta usuários de PTR foram entrevistados e suas próteses avaliadas quanto à higiene, conservação e saúde bucal. Observou-se que 96,7% dos pesquisados não receberam orientação profissional, o método mecânico foi o mais utilizado para higienização e realizado três vezes ao dia (36,7%). A higiene das PTR apresentou-se moderada e as características funcionais estavam insatisfatórias. A queilite angular não teve significância estatística, quando associada ao nível de higiene. A ausência de retenção e estabilidade estática associou com as lesões no maxilar inferior (p=0,02). As características deficientes das PTR representam uma tendência para a ocorrência de lesões bucais e os participantes, apesar da higiene frequente, não conheciam a forma correta de higienização e não receberam orientação que a PTR poderia causar lesões bucais.
Perfil socioeconômico dos pacientes atendidos pelo Centro de Referência em Reabilitação da Hanseníase da Zona da Mata Mineira
Authors: Alves Anna Cláudia Rodrigues , Lemos Giulia Stella , De Paiva Priscila Delgado Rodrigues
Published: July 2019

A hanseníase é uma doença crônica, infectocontagiosa, causada pelo bacilo de Hansen (Mycobacterium leprae), que acomete peles e nervos periféricos, com alto poder incapacitante e forte estigma social, provocando um sofrimento aos seus portadores, para além de seus sintomas físicos. Tendo os indicadores sociais um papel determinante nesse processo, objetivou-se traçar o perfil socioeconômico dos pacientes atendidos pelo Centro de Referência em Reabilitação da Hanseníase da Zona da Mata Mineira. Para tanto, foram analisados 99 prontuários e suas respectivas fichas de abordagem social, dos usuários atendidos de janeiro de 2004 a junho de 2011. Os resultados apontam o predomínio de pacientes do sexo masculino (54,5%), advindos de áreas urbanas (84,8%), com baixa escolaridade (54,5%) e renda familiar igual ou inferior a dois salários mínimos (60,6%), em faixa etária que compreende a população economicamente ativa, residindo em casa própria (69,7%), com infraestrutura adequada (73,7%), porém convivendo com uma média de quatro ou mais pessoas neste mesmo espaço (24,2%). Tais resultados demonstraram que os protocolos de intervenções clínicas devem integrar-se às medidas de melhoria das condições de vida da população para uma efetiva política de controle da doença, uma vez que sua ocorrência está diretamente relacionada às desigualdades sociais existentes.
Características epidemiológicas de pacientes portadores de neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço submetidos à radioterapia em Juiz de Fora – MG.
Authors: Rocha Bruna Quintão Costa , Eneas Luis , Oliveira Rodrigo Guerra , Junqueira Rafael Binato , Verner Francielle Silvestre
Published: July 2019

A neoplasia de cabeça e pescoço é o sexto tipo de câncer mais comum no mundo. As neoplasias malignas maxilofaciais, em sua maioria, se iniciam nas células escamosas que revestem as superfícies mucosas da região. O objetivo no presente estudo foi realizar um levantamento epidemiológico sobre neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço em pacientes que se submeteram à radioterapia em um hospital de alta complexidade oncológica da cidade de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais (MG). Foram incluídos na análise prontuários de pacientes, de ambos os sexos, de todas as faixas etárias e etnias, com diagnóstico de neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço e que estiveram sob tratamento de radioterapia no período de janeiro a setembro de 2015, no Hospital ASCOMCER, situado em Juiz de Fora (MG). A idade dos pacientes acometidos com neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço variou de 39 a 88 anos, com idade média de 59,78 (±12,49) anos, e faixa etária de 61 a 70 anos apresentando prevalência das alterações. Em relação ao sexo, observou-se uma maior prevalência das lesões neoplásicas em homens (64,3%) do que em mulheres (35,7%). Em relação ao sitio anatômico primário, a laringe foi o local mais prevalente (17,9%) e o lábio inferior (3,6%), assoalho bucal (3,6%) e glote (3,6%) os menos prevalentes. Observou-se um maior número de pacientes sem comprometimento dos linfonodos regionais (53,6%), do que pacientes com comprometimento (46,4%). Este estudo forneceu o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço, e que necessitaram de tratamento com radioterapia, no referido hospital. Tal delineamento epidemiológico é fundamental para auxiliar no planejamento de ações de prevenção futuras na cidade de Juiz de Fora.
Metodologia de criação de uma ferramenta didático-pedagógica de intervenção em doença renal crônica, segundo preceitos do letramento em saúde
Authors: Santos Luanda Thais Mendonça , Sarkis Lívia Botelho da Silva , Colugnati Fernando Antonio Basile , Bastos Marcus Gomes
Published: July 2019

Considerando que o diagnóstico precoce da doença renal crônica (DRC) e o sucesso terapêutico da doença primária são fundamentais para a diminuição ou reversão da progressão da DRC, são necessárias intervenções que irão impactar positivamente conforme a precocidade de sua aplicação. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi desenvolver uma ferramenta didático pedagógica de intervenção em DRC. A criação da Ferramenta obedeceu a cinco etapas iniciais: sistematização do conteúdo; criação das imagens por um designer especializado; diagramação e edição do conteúdo; submissão a um Comitê de Especialistas e criação de um Manual do Mediador. A Ferramenta Didática de Intervenção em DRC foi concluída, dando origem a um instrumento capaz de abordar 11 itens de extrema importância para o tratamento da DRC: (1) Você sabe o que é Doença Renal Crônica?; (2) Acolhimento; (3) Sentimentos mediante o diagnóstico; (4) Definição de DRC; (5) Caminho do sangue; (6) Mitos e verdades; (7) Sinais e sintomas; (8) Fatores de risco; (9) Alimentação; (10) Atividade física; e (11) Tratamento. A Ferramenta Didático-Pedagógica de Intervenção em DRC é um instrumento facilitador da aprendizagem, por ter uma estrutura lúdica, dialógica e dinâmica, cujo intuito é impactar nos desfechos de forma positiva.
Tecnologia a serviço da Endodontia: avanços no diagnóstico e tratamento de canais radiculares.
Authors: Campos Celso Neiva , Campos Alloma Oliveira , Bellei Michelle Conceição
Published: July 2019

A Endodontia é a especialidade da Odontologia que cuida da prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento das afecções que acometem a polpa dental, a cavidade endodôntica e os tecidos periodontais adjacentes. O tratamento endodôntico, considerado complexo e desgastante para o paciente e operador, durante anos vem sendo foco de atenção para estudiosos da área e indústria especializada. O objetivo deste estudo de revisão de literatura foi apresentar, de forma sucinta, a evolução tecnológica dedicada à endodontia nas últimas décadas e suas consequências na atualidade. Muitos foram os estudos que acarretaram no desenvolvimento de aparelhos, instrumentos, materiais e técnicas hoje utilizadas visando a simplificação, agilização e aumento da taxa de sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. Entre os principais incrementos na endodontia podemos citar os modernos instrumentos endodônticos, os sofisticados motores e aparelhos controlados eletronicamente e alguns materiais. Esses, modificaram significativamente a forma de realizar algumas etapas do tratamento como a odontometria, o preparo químico-mecânico, a obturação, o reparo de perfurações e, ainda, o diagnóstico por imagem, tornando a endodontia mais segura, eficiente, rápida, com maior previsibilidade e menos cansativa para profissional e paciente.
Investigating the meaning of Al-'ifk and Al-kadhib (Lie) and their English Translation by Abdullah Yusuf Ali
Authors: Abdul-Ghafour Abdul-Qader Khaleel Mohammed , Alrefaee Yasser , Boset Sameer , Al-Jaro Morshed S.
Published: July 2019

This study investigates the meaning of the Qur'ānic near-synonyms الإفك  al-'ifk and الكذب al-kadhib (lie) and their English translation. It aims to identify the contextual meaning of these Qur'ānic near-synonyms based on the exegeses of the Holy Qur'ān. Then, it explains the nuances that exist between these two lexical items in terms of denotative meaning. This study also examines how the semantic differences between these Qur'ānic near-synonyms are reflected in the English translation of the Holy Qur'ān by Ali (2006). This study adopts the RC-S approach by Murphy (2003) as a theoretical framework for data analysis. It also employs the qualitative approach to collect and analyze the data of the study. The exegeses of the Holy Qur'ān are consulted to identify the semantic differences between the Qur'ānic near-synonyms. The findings reveal that there exist some differences in meaning between these Qur'ānic near-synonyms in terms of denotative meaning and that the semantic differences between these Qur'ānic near-synonyms are not reflected in Ali's English translation of the Holy Qur'ān. The study provides recommendations for readers and translators especially the translators of the Holy Qur'ān.
“With Heart and Hands and Voices”: Integral Ministry of Word and Deed from a Missio Dei Perspective
Authors: BUYS PHILLIPUS J. , JANSEN ANDRÉ
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Missiological reflection indicates that mission organizations and churches worldwide are reconsidering the biblical foundations of integrating word and deed in proclaiming the gospel. The Lausanne Movement in its 2010 Cape Town congress, the Micah Network, the Gospel Coalition through its journal Themelios, the World Reformed Fellowship, and several recent missiological publications all address the relationship between words and deeds in the mission of the church. This article attempts to make a contribution to the debate by analyzing key biblical terms in which God reveals himself through the integration of word and deed, calling for a holistic approach in missions, in which words and deeds are not separated when proclaiming the gospel.
Calidad de vida: evaluación y trastornos del espectro del autismo
Authors: Cuesta Gómez José Luis , Grau Rubio Claudia , Fernández Hawrylak María
Published: July 2019

En este artículo se muestran las conclusiones de la investigación «senda hacia la participación», desarrollada por la Asociación Autismo Burgos, analizando los resultados de la aplicación de cuatro instrumentos para evaluar la calidad de vida en una muestra de veinticuatro personas con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo (tea). Los resultados obtenidos reflejan las dificultades de estos instrumentos para medir la calidad de vida de las personas con tea, limitaciones que nos llevan a construir una guía de indicadores de calidad de vida, en colaboración con los padres de la Asociación. La guía se realizó a través de un grupo focal del que participaron trece padres, dirigido por dos profesionales de la Asociación. El resultado presenta un conjunto de indicadores, tanto personales como de la familia, agrupados en ocho dimensiones: bienestar físico, bienestar emocional, bienestar material, relaciones interpersonales, desarrollo personal, inclusión social, autodeterminación y derechos.
Evaluación fenotípica y genotípica de la resistencia a tetraciclina en cepas de Escherichia coli de origen animal
Authors:   , Pantozzi Florencia Laura
Published: July 2019

Durante el tratamiento con antimicrobianos, todas las bacterias del organismo están expuestas a una presión selectiva, especialmente en el tracto intestinal, y los genes seleccionados de esta manera pueden ser transferidos horizontalmente. Escherichia coli, en especial, posee una tendencia a desarrollar nuevas resistencias a los antimicrobianos con el fin de sobrevivir y además puede actuar como reservorio para estos genes. Esto da como resultado la selección natural de cepas resistentes, portadoras de un importante conjunto de genes, con la capacidad de transmitirlos a otras cepas bacterianas presentes en el intestino humano o animal. Basado en esto, el objetivo de este trabajo de tesis, fue analizar la presencia de diferentes genes de resistencia a tetraciclina, los más comúnmente hallados en Escherichia coli de origen animal, tetA, tetB y tetC, involucrados en el mecanismo de eflujo de salida y el gen tetM, implicado en la protección ribosomal, y contribuir a esclarecer el rol de Escherichia coli en la transmisión de dichos genes de resistencia. Para ello se estudiaron un total de 454 cepas de Escherichia coli aisladas a partir de materia fecal de pollos parrilleros, porcinos y bovinos de terminación sin signología clínica, entre los años 2006-2008 y 2010-2012; de las cuales 281 cepas (61.9%), mostraron sensibilidad reducida a tetraciclina de acuerdo con los valores de corte epidemiológico, y fueron clasificadas como población “Non Wild Type”. Para el estudio genotípico de estos aislamientos, se desarrolló y estandarizó una PCR múltiple capaz de detectar los genes de resistencia previamente mencionados. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, demostraron una alta frecuencia de aparición de los genes tetA y tetB (51.2% y 49.4% respectivamente), el gen tetM sólo fue hallado en 7.7% de las muestras analizadas, mientras que el gen tetC no se encontró en ninguna de las cepas aisladas. La presencia de plásmidos pudo observarse en 61 de las cepas analizadas, de los cuales tan solo 8 plásmidos contenían algún gen de resistencia a tetraciclina. Lo que permite suponer que la transferencia de estos genes se realiza de forma horizontal por conjugación e involucra elementos integrativos como transposones o secuencias de inserción.
The Transition Practices of One County's Rural Elementary School Districts and Their Receiving Independent School District
Authors: Smith Stephen E.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to describe the transition implementation experienced by rural elementary school district students entering the ninth grade at an independent school district, and to describe the ties to the school that exist among these same ninth grade students. This qualitative research involved interviewing 11 ninth grade students, six rural elementary school district counselors and/or administrators, and one independent school district counselor. Conclusions of the study revealed that the independent school district in the study does not have a structured transition implementation program to assist rural elementary school district students. Despite literature that supports the success of transitional programs for students and the fact that the county in the study once had a transitional program, there is currently no program in place. The one thing every rural elementary and independent school district staff member agreed on was that the transition process for the rural elementary students needs drastic improvement. Suggestions were provided by all participants to assist with improving transition.
Teaching in China
Authors: Lebans Tanya , Radigan Margie
Published: July 2019

As part of a Canadian International Development Agency funded project working with rural teachers in central China, recent graduates Lebans and Radigan spent a month teaching in Chinese schools. The primary purpose of the project is to work with members of the Sichuan Provincial Teacher Training Centre and rural teachers from Wenchuan County develop a professional development plan in response to China’s current focus on education reform. This article is a synthesis of Lebans’ and Radigan’s experiences.
Preparing Teachers for Rural Appointments
Authors: Lock Graeme
Published: July 2019

Education authorities continue to experience difficulty in recruiting and retaining teachers in rural and remote schools. In Western Australia (WA), a state noted for its vastness and number of schools located in rural and remote settings, a scheme developed by the Western Australian Department of Education and Training (DET) and the WA Chamber of Minerals and Energy aims to address this challenge by offering financial support to student teachers who wish to undertake their final practicum in a remote or rural education district in which they hope to work after graduation. The Student Teacher Rural Experience Program (STREP) assists with return travel costs and a weekly stipend for the duration of the practicum. The DET specifies the particular districts to which the STREP will apply and applicants need to satisfy a number of selection criteria. In 2005 a survey involving 2004 and 2005 STREP participants was undertaken to ascertain their opinions about how effective the program was in preparing them to teach in rural locations. This article discusses the quantitative data and participant comments on issues not adequately covered by STREP and how the program might be improved.
About The Rural Educator
Authors: Duncan Heather E.
Published: July 2019

Cover, editorial board, submission guidelines, table of contents, and message from editor Heather E. Duncan.
National Rural Education Association 106th Annual Conference and Research Symposium
Authors: Duncan Heather E.
Published: July 2019

The National Rural Education Association seeks presentation proposals from rural school teachers, administrators, researchers, and others interested in the future of rural education. This year’s conference theme is IMAGINE, and we are seeking presenters to share innovative practice or research related to the changing needs of rural students and the changing face of rural education.Areas of particular interest include: Rural School Innovations, Advancing Learning Through Technology, Rural School Reform, Meeting Common Core Standards, Technology Applications for School Leaders, Redesigning Learning for 21st Century Skills, Rural School Partnerships, Policy Implications for Rural Schools, and Evaluating Effects of Rural Schools.
Impact of the English Advanced Placement (AP) Program on College Grade Point Average among Rural Appalachian Students
Authors: Deaton Shannon
Published: July 2019

This study explored the impact of the English Advanced Placement (AP) program on college success among rural Appalachian students attending four private colleges in central and eastern Kentucky: Alice Lloyd College, Georgetown College, Lindsey Wilson College, and University of the Cumberlands. A Pearson Product-Moment Correlation r and an independent-samples t-test were conducted. With respect to rural Appalachian students, statistical analyses revealed that the English ACT score is a better predictor of first-semester college grade point average than the English AP score. Analyses also revealed no statistically significant difference between first-semester college GPAs of rural Appalachian students with English AP credit and rural Appalachian students without AP credit. The study results are helpful for students, parents, administrators, and policymakers evaluating the English AP program at local high schools and colleges.
Front Matter
Authors: Franz Dana Pomykal
Published: July 2019

Includes cover page, table of content, and letter from the editor.
Rural Educator Policy Brief: AASA Transistion Memo to President Trump
Authors: Brenner Devon
Published: July 2019

Editor’s Note: In this third Rural Education Policy Brief, we share the Transition Memo originally published by AASA: The School Superintendents Association. The National Rural Education Association partners with AASA and other state and national organizations to advocate for rural education through the National Rural Education Advocacy Coalition. The NREAC monitors federal policy and lobbies about issues that impact rural schools. Each spring, the NREAC develops a legislative agenda. Readers can learn more about the NREAC at their website: http://www.aasa.org/content.aspx?id=17140. On January 10, 2017, AASA released its Transition Memo to President Trump and his administration, summarizing key issues and steps the administration can take to support public education. Because the Transition Memo succinctly addresses several national policy issues of particular relevance to rural educators, the AASA Transition Memo is reprinted here, in its entirety.
Policy Brief: An Interview with Education Advocates Juliane Baron and Michele McLaughlin
Authors: Brenner Devon
Published: July 2019

TRE Editor Devon Brenner recently sat down with experts to learn more about how to communicate with members of congress to advocate for rural education policy and funding. Juliane Baron is the Director of Government Relations at the American Educational Research Association. AERA, a national research society, strives to advance knowledge about education, to encourage scholarly inquiry related to education, and to promote the use of research to improve education and serve the public good. Michele McLaughlin is the President of Knowledge Alliance, an association that focuses on the federal role in education research, technical assistance and innovation.
Why Rural Principals Leave
Authors: Hansen Cindy
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the factors that influenced a principal’s decision to leave his or her rural school. Six principals who left their rural Minnesota schools within the previous year were interviewed to determine the perceived factors that led to their departure decisions. Factors were grouped into personal, institutional, and environmental categories. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes through a rigorous process that included inter-rater reliability checks with an independent researcher and repeated member checks with respondents. Themes were codes that occurred for more than half of respondents and included Family Needs, Career Aspirations, Community Expectations, Workload, Lack of Professional Support, Superintendent and School Board (General Decisions or Relationship), and Superintendent and School Board (Principal Salary and Contract Negotiations). Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
América Latina y la práctica de la literatura comparada
Authors: D'Angelo Biagio
Published: July 2019

Este artículo es la adaptación de una ponencia ofrecida por el autor en el Centro de Estudios Literarios Antonio Cornejo Polar de Lima, el 30 de setiembre de 2002. De un modo progresivo, el autor estructurará su propuesta primero con las aproximaciones a la definición misma de la literatura comparada a través de un puntual repaso de fuentes al respecto. Luego, se orientará a las taxonomías y prácticas de la literatura comparada. Después, con mayor profundidad, observará la práctica de la literatura comparada en América Latina. Para ello, tomará en cuenta casos como los de Argentina, Perú, Uruguay, Brasil, entre otros, así como los estudiosos latinoamericanos en torno a dicho campo de investigación.
Técnica de procesamiento para detección de índices que señalen la presencia de onda MU en la señal EEG
Authors: Alvarez Antonio , Alvarado Negman , Reynoso Sebastián , Gai Sofia , Cassia Jorge , Pérez Santiago , Dugarte Edinson , Balacco José , Abraham Jorge , Molina Alejandra , Dugarte Nelson
Published: July 2019

Estudios modernos han demostrado que las neuronas espejo están involucradas en el desarrollo de la empatía social y el lenguaje. En consecuencia, una deficiencia en la respuesta de las redes neuronales espejo podría ser una de las disfunciones presentes en el trastorno del espectro autista (TEA), como expresión funcional fenotípica de las canalopatías en algunas regiones cerebrales. La detección temprana de las deficiencias en los sistemas de redes neuronales espejo, podría permitir aplicaciones más eficientes de las terapias comportamentales en los pacientes con TEA. La detección de las ondas MU en el Electroencefalograma (EEG) podría ser una técnica interesante que hace referencia al funcionamiento de estas redes neuronales.En este artículo se presenta una técnica simple, desarrollada con el propósito de identificar la presencia de ondas MU en el registro EEG. Consiste en un procesamiento que analiza cada una de las derivaciones del EEG, con la implementación de un método matemático. El análisis de la señal busca los cambios en los patrones de frecuencia relacionados con las ondas MU, discriminando la presencia de ondas alfa por la asociación a la respuesta del paciente ante un estímulo visual condicionado. Los resultados preliminares demuestran la eficiencia del sistema. En el análisis se hizo hincapié en las alteraciones de frecuencia en el rango de 9 a 12 Hz. Las respuestas más significativas se obtuvieron con el procesamiento de las derivaciones C3, CZ, y C4.
Extension du concept d’ironie à l’ironie objective
Authors: Birnbaum Antonia
Published: July 2019

Investissant le cadre théorique des premiers romantiques, celui d’un art exposant l’absolu, Walter Benjamin en corrode l’unité. Pour ce faire, il introduit un concept- Witz , « l’ironie objective ». Sa différence se détermine, non comme dissolution de la forme de l’œuvre, ajustement de celle-ci à l’absolu de l’art, mais comme l’interruption de l’apparence à même la forme. Cette rupture singulière contracte en elle la dimension de la critique, si bien que celle-ci n’est plus achèvement de l’œuvre mais son interruption, un retournement de la forme contre elle-même, contre sa propre clôture.
Les violences conjugales à la marge : le cas des femmes migrantes en Suisse
Authors: Khazaei Faten
Published: July 2019

Suivant des travaux sur la (re)production des frontières par le bas, dans les pratiques des agents et des agentes de terrain et de leurs usages du droit, cet article analyse les enjeux liés aux autorisations de séjour des femmes migrantes confrontées aux violences conjugales. À travers le cas suisse, et par l’analyse des documents légaux et administratifs qui règlent la situation des migrantes, l’auteure montre comment ces femmes sont mises devant un choix impossible entre se séparer du conjoint ou rester en Suisse. L’article démontrera comment la mise en œuvre du droit devient un instrument de contrôle de la migration et renforce les frontières de l’Etat, en distinguant celles qui sont jugées aptes à recevoir une protection et celle qui, privées de ce droit, doivent partir.
De la banalisation des violences de genre en école d’ingénieur·e·s
Authors: Briquet Coline
Published: July 2019

Alors que de nombreuses études ont été consacrées à la sous-représentation numérique des filles dans les formations scientifiques et technologiques en France, très peu de travaux ont analysé les rapports sociaux de sexe entre élèves, ou abordé les éventuelles violences de genre que peut vivre la minorité féminine dans ces établissements. En se basant sur les résultats d’une enquête menée auprès d’élèves en école d’ingénieur·e·s en 2016 sur les conditions d’études des filles, cet article vise à dresser un état des lieux des violences sexistes et sexuelles, verbales et physiques, et à analyser les mécanismes qui favorisent la sur-sexualisation de la vie associative et banalisation de ces violences sur de nombreux campus. L’article explore tout particulièrement les stratégies de déni, d’évitement et d’euphémisation de la part des filles face à l’humour sexiste.