bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving initialization and evolution accuracy of cosmological neutrino simulations
Authors: Sullivan James M. , Emberson J.D. , Habib Salman , Frontiere Nicholas
Published: June 2023

Neutrino mass constraints are a primary focus of current and future large-scale structure (LSS) surveys. Non-linear LSS models rely heavily on cosmological simulations — the impact of
massive neutrinos should therefore be included in these simulations in a realistic,
computationally tractable, and controlled manner. A recent proposal to reduce the related
computational cost employs a symmetric neutrino momentum sampling strategy in the initial
conditions. We implement a modified version of this strategy into the Hardware/Hybrid Accelerated
Cosmology Code (HACC) and perform convergence tests on its internal parameters. We illustrate
that this method can impart 𝒪(1%) numerical artifacts on the total matter field on
small scales, similar to previous findings, and present a method to remove these artifacts using
Fourier-space filtering of the neutrino density field. Moreover, we show that the converged
neutrino power spectrum does not follow linear theory predictions on relatively large scales at
early times at the 15% level, prompting a more careful study of systematics in particle-based
neutrino simulations. We also present an improved method for backscaling linear transfer
functions for initial conditions in massive neutrino cosmologies that is based on achieving the
same relative neutrino growth as computed with Boltzmann solvers. Our self-consistent backscaling
method yields sub-percent accuracy in the total matter growth function. Comparisons for the
non-linear power spectrum with the Mira-Titan emulator at a neutrino mass of
 mν
= 0.15 eV are in very good agreement with the expected level of errors in the
emulator and in the direct N-body simulation.
Axis-symmetric Onsager clustered states of point vortices in a bounded domain
Authors: Xiong Yanqi , Chen Jiawen , Yu Xiaoquan
Published: June 2023

We study axis-symmetric Onsager clustered states of a neutral point vortex system confined to a two-dimensional disc. Our analysis is based on the mean field of bounded point vortices in the microcanonical ensemble. The clustered vortex states are specified by the inverse temperature β and the rotation frequency ω, which are the conjugate variables of energy E and angular momentum L, respectively. The formation of the axis-symmetric clustered vortex states (azimuthal angle independent) involves the separating of vortices with opposite circulation and the clustering of vortices with the same circulation around the origin and edge. The state preserves SO(2) symmetry while breaking

Z

2

symmetry. We find that, near the uniform state, the rotation-free clustered state (ω = 0) emerges at particular values of L
2/E and β. At large energies, we obtain asymptotically exact vortex density distributions, whose validity condition gives rise to the lower bound of β for the rotation-free states. Noticeably, the obtained vortex density distribution near the edge at large energies provides a novel exact vortex density distribution for the corresponding chiral vortex system.
Pulsar Discovery Prospect of FASTA
Authors: Xue Mengyao , Zhu Weiwei , Wu Xiangping , Xu Renxin , Wang Hongguang
Published: June 2023

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has discovered more than 650 new pulsars, which account for 20% of our known Galactic pulsar population. In this paper, we estimate the prospect of a pulsar survey with a radio telescope array to be planned—the FAST Array (FASTA), consists of six “FAST-type” telescopes. Such a sensitive radio telescope array would be a powerful instrument in probing the pulsar population deep into our Galaxy as well as in nearby galaxies. We simulate the FASTA pulsar discovery prospects with different Galactic pulsar population models and instrumental parameter combinations. We find that FASTA could detect tens of thousands of canonical pulsars and well-over thousands of millisecond pulsars. We also estimate the potential yield if the FASTA is used to search for pulsars from the nearby spiral galaxy M31, and find that it would probably discover around a hundred new radio pulsars.
Magnetoimpedance effect on multilayer [NiFe/Cu/NiFe]3 and supermultilayer [NiFe/Cu/NiFe]3/Cu/[NiFe/Cu/NiFe]3 on Cu PCB meander substrate
Authors: Yusri  , Kusumawardhani Pratiwi , Ismail  , Utari  , Purnama Budi
Published: June 2023

The effect of magneto-impedance on multilayer and super multilayer has been investigated. NiFe and Cu thin layer samples were prepared by electrodeposition method on a meander patterned Cu PCB substrate. The phenomenon of magneto-impedance ratio is measured using low frequencies (20 kHz-100 kHz). The magneto-impedance ratio increases as the number of frequencies increases. The results showed that the super multilayer structure has a larger magneto-impedance ratio than the multilayer structure.
Correlation of calcium scoring with image anatomy of cardiac angiography CT examination in coronary heart disease
Authors: Masrochah Siti , Ardiyanto Jeffri , Rasyid Rasyid , Nurbaiti Salis
Published: June 2023

Coronary heart disease is caused by narrowing or obstruction of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. In establishing a diagnosis of heart disease, a precise and accurate radiological examination is required. Parameters are needed in Computed Tomography (CT) angiography to support the diagnosis with a radiation safety. This research is a qualitative study with an observational survey approach was conducted at Hospital in Semarang on 30 patients with CT cardiac angiography examination. The research data obtained are image of CT cardiac angiography and calcium scoring which is then performed a descriptive image analysis. The results of the examination 30 patients obtained the calculation of the value of the heart blood vessel LAD, RCA, LCX. Calcium Score calculation is automatically by the software. Samples were found to have abnormal calcium scoring values are 23 of 30 samples, from low to high. Corelation of calcium scoring with image anatomy in coronary heart disease is characterized by the presence of palque with high calcium scoring >100, the perfusion model results have decreased function on the calcification scale, and there is a stenosis image on CT with contrast media and 3D images on one or more LAC, RCA, LAD, RCX, or LCX.
An implementation of XGBoost algorithm to estimate effective porosity on well log data
Authors: Fajrul Haqqi Muhammad , Saroji Sudarmaji , Prakoso Suryo
Published: June 2023

The application of machine learning methods is aimed at providing efficiency and avoiding subjectivity in estimating reservoir porosity data. This study proposes the eXtreme Gradient Boost (XGBoost) algorithm which is known to be effective in providing accurate predictions in a short time for estimating effective porosity. The model was optimized using the GridSearchCV (GS) module, then applied to 7 wells from Damar field, Indonesia with variations in the separation of training and testing data based on the number of wells. The best evaluation results are achieved when uses 6 training wells and one tested well with a model accuracy around 78.36% and training time around 1.29 seconds. An increasing the amount of training data will increase the model performance. All variations of training and testing did not show any indication of overfitting. Therefore, it can be concluded that the XGBoost model can effectively estimate reservoir porosity in the area.
Evaluation of in-house phantoms for mammography accreditation with various 3D printer filaments
Authors: Celina F M , Gani M R A , Endarko E
Published: June 2023

One of the routine activities in the mammography modality is image quality testing using the American College of Radiology (ACR) accreditation phantom, approved by the Mammography Quality Standards Act (MQSA). ACR has approved the CIRS Model 015 for use in the Mammography Accreditation Program. However, because the price of this phantom can be reasonably high, not all hospitals have it. This study aims to fabricate the ACR CIRS model 015 phantom with various 3D printer filaments and compare it with the ACR phantom standard. Phantom was designed by depicting small structures similar to those found clinically to test the capabilities of quantitatively evaluated mammographic imaging systems. The designed in-house phantom consists of fibers, microcalcifications or specks, and masses to simulate tumors. Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) were used to fabricate in-house phantoms. Meanwhile, the fibers and specks were filled with nylon fiber and Al2CO3. The phantom was designed using the CATIA 3D design based on the CIRS phantom mammography accreditation model 015. The diameter of the specks was printed with the 3D printer in various sizes of 1, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, and 0.6 mm, respectively. The fabricated phantom was irradiated three times to maintain accuracy using mammography type Siemens Mammomat Inspiration with serial number control 11238. The assessment was conducted with manual irradiation mode at a voltage of 28 kV, 100 mAs, target/filter W/Rh, and a compression rate of 50 N. The all-fabricated phantoms met the ACR standard phantom for fiber, and mass detection with the best result was achieved for the second material with six fibers, four specks, and five masses. The fabricated phantom can potentially be used for image quality control for mammography systems in determining the early detection of breast cancer.
Preparation of Nickel (Ni) doped SrTiO3 and effects of sintering temperatures on its properties as photocatalyst
Authors: Reza Agustina Firda , Suherman Bachtiar , Uswatun Hasanah Laili , Fajar Suryaning Puspita Novia , Khoirum Sandi Dianisa , Nurosyid Fahru , Handoko Erfan , Iriani Yofentina
Published: June 2023

SrTi0.97 Ni0.03O3 photocatalysts with varied sintering temperatures of 900°C and 1000°C have been successfully prepared via the co-precipitation method. This study aimed to determine the effect of temperature on SrTi0.97 Ni0.03O3 photocatalyst including the microstructure, atomic bonding, and photocatalyst activity. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) data revealed an increase in the crystallite size with increasing the sintering temperature. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results confirmed the formation of Sr-Ti-O bonds followed by the presence of CH impurities that the impurities decreased at 1000°C. The photocatalyst activity was tested using methylene blue (MB) degradation in SrTi0.97 Ni0.03O3 photocatalysts under UV rays. The time for the irradiation process varied from 3, 4, to 5 hours. The degraded result was examined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to estimate the %degradation. The results demonstrated that the sintering temperatures do not considerably impact MB degradation. Further, the best treatment for SrTi0.97Ni0.03O3 to attain the highest MB degradation of 49.9% is at 900°C with 5 hours of irradiation.
Thin film deposition of tungsten nitride on SS 316 L surface using DC-Sputtering technique
Authors: Suprapto  , Sujitno Tjipto , Slamet Pudjorahardjo Djoko , Suprihatin Hari , Zulhendri Iqfal , Saefurrochman
Published: June 2023

316L stainless steel (SS) is an alloy steel that is not easily corroded, so it is widely used for biomaterial applications. In addition to being resistant to corrosion, 316L SS is also inexpensive when compared to other medical metals. However, 316L SS has relatively low hardness and wear resistance, thus this weakness must be improved. By heat treatment, it is impossible to improve the SS alloy, so other techniques must be applied. In this study, improvement of surface hardness of 316L SS by coating tungsten nitride (WN) using DC-sputtering method has been conducted. The sputtering process was implemented by varying the sputtering pressure of 1.8×10-2, 2.3×10-2 and 2.8×10-2 Torr. Furthermore, the composition ratio of Ar and N2 gases were varied i.e 70:30, 80:20 and 90:10 with a voltage of 4 kV and deposition time of 120 minutes. After the coating process, hardness testing was carried out using the Vickers hardness test with a load of 25 gf. The formation of tungsten nitride was also analyzed using XRD. The highest hardness in order of 938.64 VHN is achieved at a pressure of 2.8×10−2 Torr and the ratio of Ar:N2 gas was 90:10. From the XRD analysis, the layer formed is a W+WN layer which is shown at the peaks at a scattering angle of 2Ɵ is 43.55º; 2Ɵ is 39,530º; 2Ɵ is 56,880º; and 2Ɵ is 71,550º.
Influence of carbon type on the structure of Na2MnPO4F/C as cathode material
Authors: Imaliza Nurul , Zainuri Mochamad , Lintang Valentina Priono Putri Febiola
Published: June 2023

Energy production and storage technologies have attracted much attention for everyday applications. Sodium-ion battery (SIB) has been recognized as one of the most potent types of technology for low-cost rechargeable batteries due to its abundant sodium resource. In the following, the synthesis of Na2MnPO4F /C material with the type of carbon is Citric Acid and Glucose using the solid-state method. The structure, morphology, particle size dimensions, etc. of the prepared materials were studied by XRD, SEM-EDX, DTA-TGA, PSA, and FTIR. The result is that Na2MnO4 with P21/n space group is a monoclinic structure and there is a decrease in cell volume and crystal size due to carbon coating. The particle sizes of NMPF 0%, NMPF 5%G, and NMPF 5%CA were 1127, 730, and 532 nm, respectively, with irregular particle shapes. However, it can be observed that glucose has more carbon content than citric acid as seen from the EDX results. The functional groups FTIR results obtained were Mn-O (stretching), O-P-O (bending-asymmetry), P-O (stretching-symmetry/asymmetry), and C-C (stretching-symmetry).
First-principles study of Na insertion in V2O5 for sodium-ion-based battery cathode
Authors: Amri A H , Azhar A , Cahaya A B , Suprayoga E , Majidi M A
Published: June 2023

Sodium-ion batteries are a promising alternative in energy storage due to the abundant availability of Na ions. The overall battery performance may be affected by all the battery components, including the choice of the cathode material. This study focuses on vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) as the cathode material. V2O5 has the potential as the cathode for sodium-ion batteries. In this study, we compute the potential within the density functional theory using self-consistent field and structural optimization methods. In the intercalation process of Na ions, the addition of Na ions follows the chemical formula of Na
x
V2O5 with the value of x (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) representing the number of Na ions at the V2O5 cathode. We investigate the structure’s stability by calculating the formation energy and inspecting the crystal lattice’s deformation at the cathode under the variation of the number of Na+ ions. From our study, the structure NaV2O5 has a theoretical optimal capacity of 147 mAh/g and an open-circuit voltage of 3.5 V. These specifications are promising as a cathode in sodium-ion batteries even though the capacity is not as good as in lithium-ion batteries. It corresponds with the atomic size and mass of Na+ that causes deformation of the structure.
Effet of hematite (Fe2O3) from natural iron ore as a catalyst in MgH2 as hydrogen storage materials
Authors: Jalil Zulkarnain , Rahwanto Adi , Mulana Farid , Ismail Ismail , Anggreini Akbar Indah , Budi Aulia Teuku
Published: June 2023

The main obstacle that hinders the application of fuel cell fuels for vehicles today is the hydrogen storage tube. Therefore, this paper will report the results of a study on MgH2-based hydrogen storage materials with Fe2O3 catalyst inserted (5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15wt%) and prepared by mechanical alloying technique for 10 hours. Fe2O3 samples were obtained from the Lhoong Setia Mining site in Jantang Village, Lhoong, Aceh Besar. The initial sample separation process was carried out manually using a bar magnet. Furthermore, hematite extraction was carried out with the addition of 1M HCL and NaOH each. Then the milling process of MgH2-Fe2O3 samples was carried out using a planetary ball mill. The results of the X-ray diffraction test showed that the MgH2 phase was the most dominant/mainstream phase. Thermal testing with DSC showed that the H2 desorption process experienced a decrease in temperature from 194.56 °C with a milling time variation of 7 hours.
Tracking control of a cart-pendulum underactuated system around its vertical up position
Authors: Aguilar L T , Ferreira-de-Loza A , Kharuf-Gutiérrez S , Coria L N
Published: June 2023

This research provides a solution to the challenging problem of enforcing a periodic or cyclic motion in underactuated systems, even when the upper position is an unstable equilibrium point of the open-loop system. Here, we present the solution to the tracking control problem of an underactuated cart-pendulum system, where the pendulum is forced to oscillate around its upward position. A two-relay controller was used to generate a desired trajectory, which is a locally asymptotically stable limit cycle, for the system in question. The tuning of the two-relay controller to produce the desired frequency and amplitude is also discussed. Furthermore, a twisting controller is designed to ensure the robustness properties of the closed-loop system, which is verified from Lyapunov stability analysis. The positions and velocities of the cart and the pendulum were assumed to be available for feedback. Numerical and experimental results validated the theoretical analysis.
First-order numerical method for the singularly perturbed nonlinear Fredholm integro-differential equation with integral boundary condition
Authors: Amirali I , Durmaz M E , Acar H , Amiraliyev G M
Published: June 2023

In this work, we consider first-order singularly perturbed quasilinear Fredholm integro-differential equation with integral boundary condition. Building a numerical strategy with uniformε-parameter convergence is our goal. With the use of exponential basis functions, quadrature interpolation rules and the method of integral identities, a fitted difference scheme is constructed and examined. The weight and remainder term are both expressed in integral form. It is shown that the method exhibits uniform first-order convergence of the perturbation parameter. Error estimates for the approximation solution are established and a numerical example is given to validate the theoretical findings.
Application of oriented methods for computing shortest paths and principal curvatures on triangle surfaces
Authors: Botkin N D , Hoffmann K-H , Mayer N , Kovacs L , Eder M , Raith S , Volf A
Published: June 2023

The paper considers two problems: computation of shortest paths on triangle surfaces and calculation of principal curvatures at vertices of triangle surfaces. A technique that allows us to compute smoother and shorter paths using intermediate admissible directions and linear interpolation of potential functions is proposed. Conventional methods that compute the curvature in nodes of triangle surfaces are based on processing only adjacent vertices. They are non stable because triangle meshes contain frequently oscillating errors in positions of the vertices. We propose a simple practical method that accounts for larger neighborhoods of vertices. The kriging method aimed to the sparse representation of specific surface parts (aesthetic regions) is sketched. Preliminary numerical results are presented.
Sensitivity updates for linear-quadratic optimization problems in multi-step model predictive control
Authors: Emam M , Gerdts M
Published: June 2023

The paper discusses how parametric sensitivity analysis can be used in certain model predictive control (MPC) schemes. The sensitivity analysis will be performed with regard to the initial state measurement and update schemes will be derived that speed-up the computations. Throughout we restrict the discussion to linear-quadratic optimal control problems in discrete time, which frequently arise in tracking tasks with MPC. The derived tools from sensitivity analysis can be embedded into MPC schemes with a prediction step and multi-step MPC schemes with re-optimization and prediction step. Numerical experiments illustrating the sensitivity analysis are presented.
Trajectory planning for mechanical systems in the presence of dynamic obstacles
Authors: Golubev A E
Published: June 2023

This paper deals with an optimal motion planning method for mechanical systems subjected to velocity and acceleration constraints in the presence of dynamical geometric obstacles. Using a state parametrization method based on time polynomials the trajectory planning problem is reformulated as a constrained nonlinear optimization problem which is solved using a numerical optimization toolbox. Quadrotor motion planning in the horizontal plane is considered as an illustration example.
A new computational approach for scoliosis assessment from a non-invasive body scanner
Authors: Roy S , Grünwald A T D , Lampe R
Published: June 2023

Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the vertebral column and one of the common pediatric spinal diseases, while neuromuscular scoliosis is often associated with cerebral palsy. Especially during periods of growth, there is a high risk of progression of scoliosis. Thus, frequent clinical monitoring is important for proper treatment. X-rays are the Gold standard and the most commonly used method for follow-up of scoliosis. The spinal curvatures are measured by the Cobb angles from x-rays. Patients with scoliosis therefore accumulate higher ionizing radiation doses from repetitive x-rays over their life span. Hence, reducing exposure to ionizing radiation is an important consideration in the follow-up of adolescent scoliosis. For that purpose a body scanner system is proposed, in particular, for complementary diagnostics in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. The system is non-invasive, free of ionizing radiation and provides three-dimensional scan images of the human torso. In this study, two intermediate steps are described that are useful for the development of analysis methods of the scan images. Two-dimensional transverse cross sections of the torso can be extracted from a scan image along the vertical body axis. Here, methods are described that will be useful for the shape analysis of the two-dimensional transverse body contours. Based on mathematical calculations in polar coordinates, the asymmetry between left and right side of the two-dimensional transverse cross sections is captured by a linear fitting of the course of the contour on either side. Further, the two-dimensional transverse contour data are fitted with an ellipse.
Cascade aircraft flows merging with multiple order changes
Authors: Spiridonov A A , Kumkov S S
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, the problem of safe aircraft flows merging is considered usually as one-stage. However, real air-route schemes assume often a tree-like structure when primary flows are merged at some points and the resultant flows are merged further. In this case, the safety of merging should be controlled not only at the final point, but also at some intermediate ones. With that, aircraft can change their order between these merge points by means of usage of holding areas and/or path alignments. In this paper, the authors suggest a mixed integer linear programming formalization of such a problem. The suggested procedure is realized as a computational program with the optimization Gurobi library. Results of numerical simulations are presented.
Online parameter identification and optimal input design using perturbed nonlinear programming
Authors: Subedi S , Hosseini B , Diepolder J , Holzapfel F
Published: June 2023

Flight tests are performed to gather data for flight vehicle parameter estimation. If an a priori model is available, the inputs during the runtime of the flight test experiment can be designed, such that the information content in the gathered data is maximized. These optimal inputs, however, are based on an inaccurate system model, and the improvement of the system model is the ultimate goal of the system identification and therewith, the flight tests. There is an implicit relationship between the optimal inputs and the system model. In this paper, we investigate a scheme to update the optimal inputs during the flight using an online optimization technique, while performing online parameter estimation. An extended Kalman filter is used to compute new parameter values during the maneuver runtime. Concurrent to that, an interior point NLP solver computes the optimal maneuver updates, as new parameters become available in each iteration. The method is validated via a numerical example.
Generative adversarial networks for scintillation signal simulation in EXO-200
Authors: Li S. , Ostrovskiy I. , Li Z. , Yang L. , Al Kharusi S. , Anton G. , Barbeau P.S. , Badhrees I. , Beck D. , Belov V. , Bhatta T. , Breidenbach M. , Brunner T. , Cao G.F. , Cen W.R. , Chambers C. , Cleveland B. , Coon M. , Craycraft A. , Daniels T. , Darroch L. , Daugherty S.J. , Davis J. , Delaquis S. , Der Mesrobian-Kabakian A. , DeVoe R. , Dilling J. , Dolgolenko A. , Dolinski M.J. , Echevers J. , Fairbank W. , Fairbank D. , Farine J. , Feyzbakhsh S. , Fierlinger P. , Fu Y.S. , Fudenberg D. , Gautam P. , Gornea R. , Gratta G. , Hall C. , Hansen E.V. , Hoessl J. , Hufschmidt P. , Hughes M. , Iverson A. , Jamil A. , Jessiman C. , Jewell M.J. , Johnson A. , Karelin A. , Kaufman L.J. , Koffas T. , Krücken R. , Kuchenkov A. , Kumar K.S. , Lan Y. , Larson A. , Lenardo B.G. , Leonard D.S. , Li G.S. , Licciardi C. , Lin Y.H. , MacLellan R. , McElroy T. , Michel T. , Mong B. , Moore D.C. , Murray K. , Njoya O. , Nusair O. , Odian A. , Perna A. , Piepke A. , Pocar A. , Retière F. , Robinson A.L. , Rowson P.C. , Runge J. , Schmidt S. , Sinclair D. , Skarpaas K. , Soma A.K. , Stekhanov V. , Tarka M. , Thibado S. , Todd J. , Tolba T. , Totev T.I. , Tsang R. , Veenstra B. , Veeraraghavan V. , Vogel P. , Vuilleumier J.-L. , Wagenpfeil M. , Watkins J. , Weber M. , Wen L.J. , Wichoski U. , Wrede G. , Wu S.X. , Xia Q. , Yahne D.R. , Yen Y.-R. , Zeldovich O.Ya. , Ziegler T.
Published: June 2023

Generative Adversarial Networks trained on samples of
simulated or actual events have been proposed as a way of generating
large simulated datasets at a reduced computational cost. In this
work, a novel approach to perform the simulation of photodetector
signals from the time projection chamber of the EXO-200 experiment
is demonstrated. The method is based on a Wasserstein Generative
Adversarial Network — a deep learning technique allowing for
implicit non-parametric estimation of the population distribution
for a given set of objects. Our network is trained on real
calibration data using raw scintillation waveforms as input. We find
that it is able to produce high-quality simulated waveforms an order
of magnitude faster than the traditional simulation approach and,
importantly, generalize from the training sample and discern salient
high-level features of the data. In particular, the network
correctly deduces position dependency of scintillation light
response in the detector and correctly recognizes dead photodetector
channels. The network output is then integrated into the EXO-200
analysis framework to show that the standard EXO-200 reconstruction
routine processes the simulated waveforms to produce energy
distributions comparable to that of real waveforms. Finally, the
remaining discrepancies and potential ways to improve the approach
further are highlighted.
Suppression of accidental backgrounds with deep neural networks in the PandaX-II experiment
Authors: Shaheed Nasir , Chen Xun , Wang Meng
Published: June 2023

The PandaX dark matter detection project searches for dark
matter particles using the technology of dual phase xenon time
projection chamber. The low expected rate of the signal events makes
the control of backgrounds crucial for the experiment success. In
addition to reducing external and internal backgrounds during the
construction and operation of the detector, special techniques are
employed to suppress the background events during the data analysis.
In this article, we demonstrate the use of deep neural networks
(DNNs) for suppressing the accidental backgrounds, as an alternative
to the boosted-decision-tree method used in previous analysis of
PandaX-II. A new data preparation approach is proposed to enhance
the stability of the machine learning algorithms to be run and
ultimately the sensitivity of the final data analysis.
Nutrient and fatty acid composition of elephant and king grasses from different altitudes
Authors: Anzhany D , Toharmat T , Despal D , Lozicki A , Rofiah N
Published: June 2023

Types of forage and the altitude it grows affect the quality of milk’s fatty acids (FA) profile. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the chemical and FA quality of elephant grass (EG) and king grass (KG) growth from different altitudes. The grass samples were collected from Pangalengan District, the highland, and Dramaga District, the lowland. Grass lipid extraction and FA methylation were done according to the AOAC method. FA was quantified using gas chromatography (GC-7820A), CP-Sil 88 fused-silica capillary column, and authentic standard (Supelco 37 Component FAME-Mix). The nutrient content was analyzed using FT-NIR Spectrometer Solids Cell, except for EE used the AOAC method. This study showed EE content was significantly different between species, with the higher content found in EG. The C17:0 was significantly different between altitudes. The SFA, UFA, and PUFA were significantly different between species. The EG had higher UFA and PUFA and lower SFA. It showed that the higher EE content was related to the higher FAs yield, followed by higher UFA and PUFA in EG than in KG. It was concluded that the grass species had a more significant effect on chemical and FAs profiles than the altitude.
The influence of coconut endosperm composition based on the maturity levels against the quality of pliek-u
Authors: Khathir R , Yunita Y , Syahrini U R
Published: June 2023

Pliek-uis Acehnese’s food heritage that has potential as functional food due to its high protein and lactic acid contents. The study aimed to investigate the effect of coconut endosperm composition based on the maturity levels against the quality ofpliek-u. Two levels of Tall Coconut maturities used i.e., over mature (u-riek) and mature (u-pateun). About 2kg of grated coconut endosperm was fermented in a plastic box for 7 days at 3 compositions i.e., 30% over mature and 70% mature (P1), 50% over mature and 50% mature (P2), and 70% over mature and 30% mature (P3). Each treatment had been conducted in 3 replications. Then, the coconut was dried by using solar tunnel dryer type Hohenheim Aceh for 2 days. To producepliek-u, soon after the drying process, the warm coconut was pressed by using a hydraulic press. The parameters observed to evaluate the quality ofpliek-uwere moisture, fat, protein, and acidity. The consumer preferences were evaluated from 30 panellists on 4 criteria i.e., aroma, color, texture and taste by using hedonic scale from 1 to 5. Results showed that the composition of coconut endosperm at different maturity levels had influenced the quality ofpliek-usignificantly. The best moisture was obtained frompliek-uproduced by treatment P2, while the lowest fat content, the highest protein content and the most acid taste were identified frompliek-uproduced by treatment P3. However, according to consumer’s preferences, the best overall acceptance waspliek-uproduced by treatment P1 and P2 at score 4.2 (like). Therefore, this study recommended the best composition of coconut endosperm inpliek-uprocessing at 50% over mature and 50% mature (P2).
Drip irrigation system: useful technique to improve chili production
Authors: Cartika I , Murtiningsih R , Sembiring A , Sulastiningsih N W H , Moekasan T K , Prabaningrum L , Setiawatii W , Hasyim A
Published: June 2023

The effects of climate change such as continuing reduces of the water availability and quality contributed to the declining the agricultural production. The production of chili, one of the vegetable commodities that high economic value in Indonesia, are also affected by this limited water availability. The current research to develop technology on the drip irrigation utilization aims to increase chili production using efficient water technology. The experiment was carried out at the Margahayu Research Station, Lembang, West Java, Indonesia (± 1,250 m asl) from May to November 2021. The T test design with two treatments i.e. (A) manual irrigation and (B) drip irrigation and four replications were implemented in this experiment. The use of drip irrigation could save the water used and irrigation time by 40.12% and 80% respectively during the vegetative phase and 37.11% and 77.78% respectively during the generative phase compared to those in manual irrigation. Further, the drip irrigation method could increase crop yields by 8.39%, reduce chili production costs by 13.04% and increase farmer income by 9.25% compared to manual irrigation. The incidence of bacterial fruit rot disease could be reduced using the drip irrigation method.
The addition of guanidino acetic acid with different protein levels in feed on the growth performance and drumstick meat quality of broiler chicken
Authors: Hanim C , Rahmawati D , Zuprizal  , Anas M A
Published: June 2023

Guanidino acetic acid, or GAA, is the only direct precursor of creatinine and is involved in biological processes in the cellular energy of vertebrates. Creatine will be used in muscle and target cells to be phosphorylated into phosphocreatine utilizing creatine kinase, which functions to buffer ATP changes. GAA is involved in the biosynthesis of cellular energy for growth and muscle performance of broiler chickens, and it is also claimed to be capable of conserving arginine. This study employed a 2x3 factorial experimental design with two levels of protein (i.e., high and low) and three levels of GAA (i.e., 0 g/ton, 600 g/ton, and 1,200 g/ton) fed to 1,176 Indian River strain broiler chickens that were reared for 35 days. The R program was used to analyze the data, and if there was a significant difference, the Duncan multiple range test was performed. The results demonstrated that adding GAA on feed with different protein levels did not improve broiler performance. However, the addition of 1,200 g/ton GAA in low protein could reduce the cholesterol levels of broiler drumstick meat. Meanwhile, adding 600 g/ton GAA combined with the low protein treatment had the highest tenderness value. Therefore, to achieve the ideal proportion and enhance the performance and quality of broiler meat, GAA can continue to be added to broiler chicken feed.
Characterization of gamma ray induced mutations in PepYLCV-infecting local pepper in Karo Regency, Sumatra Utara, Indonesia
Authors: Tarigan R , Hanafiah D S , Sinuraya M , Manzila I , Hutabarat R C , Barus S , Marpaung A E , Karo B , Kirana R , Aryani D S
Published: June 2023

Plant mutation breeding plays a pivotal role in increasing plant genetic variability, pest and disease resistance and yield production. Gamma ray irradiation induced to infected plants to obtain resistant mutant plants. This research aims to examine the morphological characterization of pepper plants and the mutant plants produced from irradiated PepYLCV-infecting local pepper from Karo Regency, Sumatra Utara, Indonesia. The research was conducted in January to October 2021 in farming land in Tongkoh Village, Dolat Rayat District, Karo Regency, Sumatra Utara, using non-Factorial Randomized Block Design. The mutation was induced by exposing the seeds of local chili to varied doses (D): 0 (uninfected seeds and unirradiated infected seeds), 150, 200 and 250 Gy and was performed using T-Test, replicated 3 times. The results of research showed that different doses of gamma rays significantly affected the mutant plants from the observation on its plant height, stem diameter, canopy and fruit lengths, fruit weight, number of branches, leaves and fruits. Plant induced with gamma ray 150 Gy found to have the longest canopy and fruit and also demonstrated the highest number of branches, flowers, leaves and the highest fruit weight compared to other higher doses. The exposure of gamma irradiation gave positive effect to infected chili to enhance their resistance in order to produce higher yield.
Estimation of the genetic parameters of hybridized peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) F2 progeny begomovirus resistance
Authors: Kesumawati E , Haidar Y , Pohan N S , Hadisah N , Jannah R , Hayati R , Khalil M , Nura N , Efendi E , Mayani N , Hayati E , Nurhayati  , Jalil M , Fitrizal F
Published: June 2023

Pepper is an essential vegetable commodity in Indonesia. Pepper yellow leaf curl disease caused by the infection Begomoviruses caused tremendous damage to pepper production in the country. The breeding process through crosses is necessary to produce Begomovirus resistance material to overcome the constraint. In this present study, we estimated the genetic parameters of hybridized F2 pepper under natural infected conditions. Two C. annuum accessions, BaPep-5 has resistance material for pepy-1 Begomovirus (locally called Perintis) and BaPep-4 as a susceptible parent (called Kencana) were crossed to produce F2 progenies. F2 generation from the cross as much as 500 plants were transplanted along with 200 plants of each parent as control to the field. The estimation results indicated that the high heritability value was found in the fruit weight per plant (51.31%), the number of fruits per plant (65.58%), the thickness of fruit flesh (92.24%), fruit stalk length (52.43%), and fruit diameter (96.83%), suggesting that these characters have a level of broad genetic diversity. Moreover, a 100% genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) is observed in the fruit weight per plant, the number of fruits per plant, the thickness of fruit flesh, and fruit diameter meaning that these characters have a high level of genetic diversity broad. In addition, a 100% very broad phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) criteria is observed in fruit weight per plant, the number of fruits per plant, the thickness of fruit flesh, and fruit diameter, suggesting that these characteristics have a variety of appearances. Conclusively, fruit weight per plant, number of fruits per plant, the thickness of fruit flesh, and fruit diameter are the characters with high heritability values followed by very broad GCV and PCV values which potentially be inherited and can be used as a reference for selecting further Begomovirus resistance traits.
Light intensity effect on number of seedlings and growth of Gyrinops versteegii
Authors: Rawana  , Prijono Agus , Suparyanto Teddy , Sudigyo Digdo , Pardamean Bens
Published: June 2023

Due to the depletion of its natural population, the Gyrinops versteegii species, one of the species producing agarwood, has been domesticated in Indonesia, particularly in Sragen Central Java. As a result, it was designated as a vulnerable species in both CITES Appendix II and the IUCN Red List Ver23. The research objective is to determine the effect of the light intensity on the number of seedlings, tree density, height, and diameter of the G.versteegii tree growth. The study was conducted from February to October 2018 at a domesticated agarwood community forest in Sragen, Central Java. A systematic plot method, a random start, was applied to this research with 28 nested plots, 1x1 m2 for seedlings and 10x10 m2 for the trees. The data were analyzed using both hierarchical clustering and correlation analysis. The relative light intensity of 2,82% led to an enormous number of seedlings and tree diameter, while the relative light intensity of 0.31% resulted in the highest tree density. The number of seedlings and tree diameter was strongly correlated with the relative light intensity. In contrast, there is an inverse relationship between tree density and relative light intensity.
Study of soil chemical characteristics on citronella cultivation area in the Gayo Highlands
Authors: Salima R , Karim A , Sugianto S , Yasar M
Published: June 2023

This research tries to identify the chemical state of the soil in the existing citronella planting area in the Gayo Highlands based on altitude, slope, and soil type. The method used in this research is the descriptive method, with data collected through field surveys and laboratory analysis. Soil samples were taken at each observation point by a purposive sampling method, which was determined based on the components forming a homogeneous land unit consisting of six (6) elevation classes, five (5) slope classes, and five (5) soil types. The results of the analysis showed that the highest value of C-organic was found at location Land Unit 6 (LU6) altitude above 1,200 meters above sea level (m asl), which was 7.29%, and the lowest value was found at location LU1 (200-400 m asl), which was 0.81%. While the highest variation of CEC values was found at locations LU6 and LU3 (600-800 m asl) with a value of 56.40 cmol kg−1, the lowest was found at locations LU1. The citronella cultivation area in the Gayo Highlands was studied based on altitude, slope, and soil type at each observation point. It is still suitable to be developed as a citronella cultivation area where the value of soil chemical characteristics found at each research location is in the low to very high criteria and the pH criteria are in the acid to slightly alkaline criteria.
Indirect organogenesis of Aceh patchouli leaf explants (Pogostemon cablin Benth) by in vitro
Authors: Puspita D E , Efendi E , Zakaria S , Sriwati R
Published: June 2023

The Aceh patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin. Benth) is a plantation plant that produces essential oils with great potential, known as patchouli oil. The use of in vitro culture techniques on patchouli plants needs to be developed to meet the needs of patchouli seeds. This study aimed to analyze the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) cytokinins 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) and auxin 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid (NAA) on the organogenesis ability of Aceh patchouli leaf explants var. Lhokseumawe. The treatments analyzed were P1 = MS; P2 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1, P3 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1, P4 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1, P5 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1, P6 = NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P7 = NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P8 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P9 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P10 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P11 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P12 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P13 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg. l−1, P14 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P15 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l-1. The percentage of callus induction observed, percentage of shoot induction, percentage of browning, percentage of contamination and percentage of live explants at 28 DAI. The results showed that the percentage of explants forming callus was 56.4%, and the percentage of explants forming organ was 54.6%. In these two parameters the treatment of P14 and P15 gave the best results of 6.6% respectively. The percentage of explants experiencing browning was 26.1%, treatment P1 gave the highest response for this parameter, namely 6.6%. The parameter percentage of live explants was 71.3%. The best response was found in treatment P2, P3, P12 and P15, which were 6.6% each. The fastest bud formation occurred at 14 Days After Initiation (DAI) in P4 treatment. The resulting shoots look quite vigor and have formed leaves. In the combination treatment P14, showed the best results, the addition of auxin was able to increase the initiation of embryogenic callus.
Application of real-time image processing for monitoring bacterial cellulose growth in various nitrogen sources using soybean-boiled wastewater medium during fermentation
Authors: Astuti E N J , Nugroho D A , Ahmadi T P
Published: June 2023

One of the utilizations of liquid waste of soybean boiling was a combination medium of bacterial cellulose (BC) fermentation. Recent study was found the implementation of image processing approach on observation of BC growth. This work utilized the image processing approach with a soybean-boiled wastewater medium using ammonium sulphate and yeast extract as nitrogen source. This study aimed to find out the highest correlation between variables that affect the fermentation process and to examine the kinetic model of the BC thickness during fermentation stage using Real-Time Image Processing (RTIP) approach with the variation of nitrogen sources. The outcome demonstrates that the correlation between time and thickness was found as the highest correlation variable during fermentation on both mediums. The Gompertz model equation was followed in the kinetic observation of BC growth on both medium and showed that the first growth of BC on ammonium sulphate was earlier than on yeast extract as nitrogen source. Further studies are also needed to understand the ability of image processing approach to detect potential failures in BC growth.
Model of agricultural performance in Aceh
Authors: Safrida  , Ginting L N , Zulkarnain  , Indra  , Mujiburrahmad  , Oktaviana N
Published: June 2023

This study aims to develop a model of agricultural performance in Aceh. Multiple regression analysis was used as the research’s analytical approach. The Random Effect model (REM) was selected to estimate the performance of agriculture sector. The research results show that labor absorption in agriculture sector is significantly affected by minimum wages, regional gross domestic product, and investment. Based on the relationship between variables, the minimum wage has a negative relationship, gross regional domestic product and investment relate positively to labor absorption in the agricultural sector. The amount of labor absorption in agriculture sector will have an effect on the sustainability of food safety.
Rain-shelter technology model in sustainable red chili production cluster in Aceh Tengah
Authors: Fajri F , Arida A , Susanti E , Hakim L
Published: June 2023

This study aims to design a rain-shelter technology model in the red chili agribusiness cluster as an alternative policy to increase farmers’ income. This study uses the soft system dynamics methodology (SSDM), which is a systemic thinking modeling approach that can understand unstructured situations and contains the entire interaction between elements of an object through causal relationships as the basis for understanding the dynamic behavior of complex system of the object to assess the risks that occur in red chili agribusiness cluster. The research was conducted in the red chili production center in Aceh Tengah Regency. Identification of the need for cluster model done through literature and interviews with experts from stakeholders, namely practitioners and policy makers involved in the procedure of input supply, production, and marketing of red chili output. The primary data obtained through observation, in-depth interviews with respondents, as well as the activity of FGD (Focus Group Discussion), while secondary data obtained through the study of literature from various sources of literature, books, scientific journals, and a variety of publications related to this research. Formulation of model made by software Veneta Simulation (Vensim DSS), followed by simulation. The result of this research showed that the application of the rain-shelter technology model effectively had a positive impact on the quantity and quality of on-grade red chili production, so that it was able to meet industrial market demands and increase farmers’ income.