bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complex Transphincteric Fistula Treatment: A Case Study Demonstrating Swift Recovery and Innovative Techniques in Surgical Intervention
Authors: Abdulqadir Aliaa A. , Mestiri Sarra , Patel Mukul H , RAJU DR MDP RAJU
Published: May 2024

The target of this case report is to see the way of effective treatment for a transphincteric fistula in a 56 years old male patient who has not had any earlier surgeries despite this problem already exists for one year. What was remarkable about that was that the fistulogram with MRI demonstrated the interesting structure of the fistula: both openings – the send and the outflow – were at the 12 o’clock brightest place, hence a more precise treatment having to be employed. Utilizing methylene blue infiltration and metal probing for prompt and exact diagnosis, the next step was the formulation of a detailed treatment approach that would best suit the needs of our patient. As a part of treatment regimen  , it was decided to use an Ayurvedic approach called kshara sutra therapy.  the treatment had a planned part where we removed sections of the distal tract, and finally packing left intermittent openings. After a two-month-long remarkably successful treatment. Such impressive results reflect the effectiveness of the multifaceted approach. , this case marks a major step forward through introducing the specification of the new strategies that capable of controlling difficult fistulas. These observations in this study suggest tailored treatment and may lead subsequent planning of therapeutic interventions that should be similar for near future clinical conditionings. Futhermore, they are the main advocates of considering patients' needs and applying a holistic vision in medicine.
Manajemen Fundraising dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Berzakat Masyarakat Melalui Lembaga Amil Zakat
Authors: Makhrus M , Hasan Ibnu , Mukarromah Safitri
Published: May 2024

Fundraising zakat sebagai aspek fundamental dalam pengumpulan zakat, kekuatan fundraising dapat meningkatkan jumlah donasi, kepercayaan, dan citra lembaga. Tujuan dalam kegiatan ini mengoptimalisasi manajemen fundraising dalam bentuk pelatihan dengan membagi materi dalam tiga sesi yaitu hukum zakat dan urgensi fundraising zakat, strategi fundraising, dan sistem pelayanan donatur. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa program fundraising organisasi pengelola zakat dilakukan secara luring dan daring, sehingga dibutuhkan berbagai inovasi dan kolaborasi dengan berbagai stakeholders dalam meningkatkan penghimpunan zakat, oleh sebab itu optimalisasi manajemen fundraising mampu memberikan ruang korektif kepada lembaga zakat secara kelembagaan dalam menyediakan program yang lebih kreatif dan inovatif dan kepercayaan kepada muzaki untuk menunakan zakat secara terlembaga.
Integrasi Sekolah Sepak Bola Berbasis Pesantren di Desa Bedono Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Mustafidin Ahmad , Wahyudi Andi
Published: May 2024

Pendidikan merupakan metode yang tepat dalam upaya individu mengembangkan potensinya. Strategi pembelajaran terus diperbaiki guna tercapainya cita-cita pendidikan itu sendiri. Pendidikan holistik yang menjadi fokus kajian para aktivis dan pemerhati pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang integrasi sekolah sepak bola dengan lembaga pendidikan pesantren. Terdapat sebuah pengertian bahwa pondok pesantren darul amanah bedono telah mengintegrasikan, antara pendidikan agama dan olahraga. Diantaranya, (1)  relevansi visi-misi pesantren dan sekolah sepak bola, (2) menanamkan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter, (3) implementasi kurikulum persatuan sepak bola seluruh Indonesia (PSSI) sebgai standar latihan sekolah sepak bola darul amanah bedono football academy, (4) progam jangka pendek, menengah dan panjang yang menjadi acuan dalam menjalan kan progam pengembangan peserta didik, (5) uraian jadwal latihan sekolah sepak bola darul amanah bedono football academy. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observation, yang dimana penulis mendeskirpsikan hasil penelitian dengan melakukan participant observation dan studi pustaka sebagai tambahannya. Dengan hasil, terintegrasi nya pembelajaran pesantren dan sekolah sepak bola, implementasi pendidikan karakter, standar kurikulum PSSI menjadi standar progam latian sekolah sepak bola darul amanah bedono football academy dan jadwal latihan yang terkonsep sehingga dapat melancarkan progam pembinaan sekolah sepak bola darul amanah bedono football academy.
Efficient VLSI Implementation of Hybrid LDPC-STBC Codes for Enhanced Satellite Communication Systems
Authors: Penchalaiah Usthulamuri , Anusha Pamujula , Tharunika Tammi , Susmitha Thanniru Venkata , Raj Pydipati Amrutha
Published: May 2024

Satellite communication systems play a pivotal role in facilitating global connectivity, necessitating the development of robust error correction codes to ensure reliable data transmission. In contemporary communication systems, the demand for higher data rates and improved spectral efficiency has led to the integration of advanced error correction techniques. However, existing systems often face challenges in striking a balance between complexity, power consumption, and performance. This work addresses the limitations of current systems by proposing a hybrid approach that combines the advantages of LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) codes and STBC (Space-Time Block Coding) techniques. The hybrid LDPC-STBC codes aim to enhance the error correction capabilities of satellite communication systems, ensuring robust data transmission in the presence of channel impairments. Despite the advancements in error correction coding, current systems encounter drawbacks such as increased computational complexity, higher power consumption, and potential performance degradation under adverse channel conditions. The proposed hybrid LDPC-STBC codes mitigate these issues by leveraging the strengths of both coding schemes, achieving a synergistic balance between error correction performance and computational efficiency.
Design and Simulation of variable gain amplifier using cadence Tool
Authors: Penchalaiah Dr. Usthulamuri , Vamsi Devandla , Siddardha Aata , Reddy Banka Pavan Kumar , Gnaneswar Bachu
Published: May 2024

The radio frequency (RF) amplifiers are widely used in a variety of communication systems. However, the conventional analog RF resulted in reduced volage gain, magnitude, and phase responses. So, this work provides an overview of a research paper focused on the design and analysis of a single-stage variable gain amplifier (SSVGA) utilizing cascaded linear transconductance amplifier (Gm cell) and linear transimpedance amplifier (TIA) blocks with feedback via shunt resistors. The SSVGA architecture aims to maintain constant bandwidth while offering controllable voltage gain, making it versatile for applications with varying input signal strengths. The first stage of the SSVGA is realized as a current mode TIA, converting the input voltage signal to an output current efficiently. The second stage features a Gm cell with source degeneration, enhancing bias current efficiency and transconductance at the supply voltage. The proposed SSVGA design offers flexibility and adaptability, making it suitable for diverse communication systems and signal processing applications. The incorporation of feedback control ensures consistent performance across different voltage gain settings, resulting in a robust and efficient solution for varying signal strengths.
Implementation of FIR Filters through Inner product Units and Parallel Accumulations
Authors: Krishnarao P.V. , Vandana Dasari , Manasa Bokkisam Venkata , Pavanim Dasari , Harshitha Guntumadugu Pavani
Published: May 2024

Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters are pivotal in digital signal processing, finding applications in diverse fields like audio processing, telecommunications, and biomedical signal analysis. This work presents an enhanced implementation methodology for FIR filters utilizing inner product computation and parallel accumulations. In the existing, FIR filters are typically implemented using convolution techniques, basic adders, and multipliers, which involve sequential processing and intensive computational resources. This method often leads to latency issues and limits real-time applications. Moreover, traditional implementations suffer from inefficiencies in utilizing hardware resources optimally, leading to suboptimal performance. The proposed methodology overcomes these limitations by leveraging inner product computations and parallel accumulation techniques. By exploiting inherent parallelism in the filtering process, the proposed method significantly reduces latency and enhances throughput.
Implementation of Systolic Multiplier Using Hybrid Multiplexer Dependent Adder
Authors: BHARGAVI P. , Mounika Nandanavanam , Sarika Magam , Sindhuja Leburu , Sravani Kommu
Published: May 2024

Multipliers are basic building blocks in various integrated circuits like microprocessors, micro controllers, and ALUs. The existing multipliers suffer from high power consumption and inefficient use of hardware resources. They often rely on traditional adder structures that are not tailored for specific operations, leading to suboptimal performance. Additionally, their fixed architectures limit adaptability and scalability in different applications. So, the proposed approach offers enhanced computational efficiency and reduced power consumption compared to conventional multiplier designs. By integrating multiplexer-dependent adders into the systolic array, the proposed method optimizes resource utilization and delivers improved performance for various arithmetic operations. This integration allows for dynamic selection of adder types based on the specific multiplication operation, significantly reducing power consumption and latency. By adapting the hardware resources to computational needs, the method achieves higher efficiency and flexibility, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in digital signal processing and data processing systems.
PREDICTING FIRE ALARMS USING MULTI SENSOR DATA: A BINARY CLASSIFICATION APPROACH
Authors: Tejaswi Ms. G. , Bhavani Rodda , Srihitha Sarvepalli , Arshiha Shaik , Sarayu Raja Venkata Sathya
Published: May 2024

Fires pose significant threats to human life, property, and the environment. Early detection of fire incidents is crucial to prevent extensive damage and to ensure the safety of occupants. Traditional fire alarm systems typically rely on a single type of sensor, such as smoke detectors or heat sensors, to detect specific fire indicators. These systems operate based on predefined thresholds and triggers. However, they can be prone to false alarms triggered by non-fire-related events (e.g., cooking fumes or dust) and may not provide early warning signs in certain scenarios. To address these limitations, researchers and engineers have turned to advanced technologies, such as multi-sensor data analysis and machine learning algorithms, to develop more reliable and efficient fire alarm prediction systems. On the other hand, the need for a more robust and accurate fire alarm prediction system stems from the shortcomings of traditional methods. False alarms not only lead to wasted resources but also desensitize occupants, potentially leading them to ignore genuine alarms. Additionally, a delayed response to a fire incident can result in severe consequences, making it essential to develop an intelligent system that can effectively and timely predict fire events. Therefore, this work presents the utilization of multi-sensor data and binary classification to develop a more reliable fire alarm prediction system. The experiments are conducted using a dataset collected from various sensor inputs, including air temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, molecular hydrogen, ethanol gas, and air pressure etc. Then applied binary classification algorithm to learn patterns from the data and classify fire-related events accurately. The results showed promising improvements in prediction accuracy, reduced false alarm rates, and early detection of fire incidents.
POST-OPERATIVE PROTOCOL FOR BRAIN TUMOR SURGERY IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kusumawardani Dwi Indriati , Adiyanto Bowo
Published: May 2024

Background: Brain tumors represent a diverse group of neoplasms arising from intracranial tissues, posing significant clinical challenges and impacting public health globally. With primary brain tumors having an annual incidence of around 14 per 100,000 individuals and secondary brain tumors being even more prevalent, the burden on healthcare systems is substantial. Postoperative care, particularly in the intensive care unit (ICU), plays a crucial role in monitoring patients for early detection of complications and maintaining neurological and systemic homeostasis.  This study aims to serve a literature review to examine post operative management in brain surgery operation in the ICU in literatures.  
Result and Discussion: Protocols for ICU management post-brain tumor surgery are essential, with factors such as patient status, surgical site, and anticipated postoperative needs guiding decisions regarding ICU admission and monitoring. Neuroprotective strategies encompass physiological and pharmacological interventions aimed at mitigating adverse outcomes, with a multifaceted approach necessary for optimal neuroprotection.
Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of the surgical and postoperative management of brain tumors along with the implementation of evidence-based protocols for ICU care are essential to improve patient outcomes and minimize complications. Continued advancements in surgical techniques, neuroprotective strategies, and critical care management are crucial in addressing the complex challenges posed by brain tumors and enhancing the quality of care for affected patients.
Wishful Thinking about Consciousness
Authors: Peter Grindrod
Published: May 2024

We contrast three very distinct mathematical approaches to the hard problem of consciousness: quantum consciousness, integrated information theory, and the very large-scale dynamical systems simulation of a network of networks. We highlight their features and their associated hypotheses, and we discuss how they are aligned or in conflict. We suggest some challenges to these theories, in considering how they might apply to the human brain as it develops both cognitive and conscious sophistication, from infancy to adulthood. We indicate how an evolutionary perspective challenges the distinct approaches to aver performance advantages and physiological surrogates for consciousness.
Fresh agricultural products cold chain logistics distribution and path optimization
Authors: Liu Shiyi , Liu Li
Published: May 2024

Based on the reference to the existing research results, combined with the enterprise's current distribution path, to minimize the cost as the research objective, to establish the relevant model, and put forward the control of logistics costs, increase the infrastructure investment in cold chain logistics, the optimization of the path of countermeasure proposals, to further improve the efficiency of the enterprise distribution and increase customer satisfaction at the same time reduces the cost of distribution, increase the core competitiveness of the industry.
Muhammadiyah dan Politik 2024
Authors: Raharjo Teguh , AR Khorida , Febriyanti Yuri , Jannah Miftahul
Published: May 2024

Muhammadiyah sebagai salah satu Ormas terbesar di Indonesia yang bergerak lebih kepada keagamaan, Pendidikan dan Sosial tidak bisa terlepas dari situasi politik yang ada di Indonesia. Apalagi di Tahun 2024 adalah tahun politik bagi indonesia diantaranya pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil presiden. Latar belakang penulis membahas lebih kepada untuk mengetahui lebih dalam khususnya suara Muhammadiyah akan berlabuh kepada siapa di Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil presiden 2024. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui gerakan Muhammadiyah di tahun politik. Dengan Metode mengumpulkan data- data yang ada baik di Media elektronik maupun di media lainnya. Sehingga bisa di tarik kesimpulan terakhir terkait suara Muhammadiyah di Tahun politik 2024.
Peran Organisasi Aisyiyah Dalam Meningkatkan Pengamalan Pendidikan Islam Indonesia
Authors: Aisyatul Munawaroh  , Septiani Novila Mita , Asriadi Asriadi
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the role of "Aisyiyah in improving the practice of Islamic education in Indonesia". This research uses library research, data collection techniques based on related journalsand expert opinions. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this research indicate that the Aisyiyah organization was founded on May 19, 1917 AD. This organization began with the Sopo Tresno recitation association which was founded by K.H Ahmad Dahlan and Siti Walidah. The educational views of K.H Ahmad Dahlan and Siti Walidah who feel that it is important for women to get aneducation. Frobelschool is the first educational institution in Indonesia founded by indigenous peoples. Through the ABA Kindergarten which was pioneered by the Aisyiyah Organization, the Indonesian people have succeeded in preparing the nation's next generation for an even better future.
Implementasi Sikap Religius Pada Mata Kuliah Alislam dan Kemuhammadiyahan di Program Studi Magister Manajemen Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang
Authors: Adima Eko Fauzan , Silvia Novita , Maulana Mulan , Rizki Riki
Published: May 2024

This research certainly has several objectives, including the following: (1) To explain the implementation of Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah Education (AIK) in the Master of Management Study Program, Muhammadiyah University, Tangerang. (2) To describe the role of Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah education in the religious attitudes of students at the Master of Management Study Program, Muhammadiyah University, Tangerang. This research is research using analytical descriptive methods with a qualitative approach. The researcher applied observation, interview and documentation techniques. Observations and interviews will produce primary data sources, will provide researchers with information about the Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah education process, and its role in improving students' religious attitudes. The factor that supports the success of the role of Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah education and improving students' religious attitudes is the existence of an education system that is uswah hasanah, so that interaction between students and lecturers can be achieved. Apart from that, secondly, physical facilities in the form of mosques and libraries which are representative facilities for worship and study. The third is an Information Technology system that can increase student information. The fourth is lecturer staff who meet the qualifications because they are activists with a teaching or teaching professional background, supported by comfortable environmental conditions, without any mental and moral tension among students. The obstacles are heterogeneity and habits of daily religious life.
Modalidades de Administración de un Cuestionario Referido a Hábitos de Salud Bucal
Authors: Pazos Ximena , Rossi Glenda , Medici Silvia , Salgado Pablo , Squassi Aldo
Published: May 2024

Objetivo:Analizar las diferencias entre dos modalidades de administración de un instrumento, autoadministrado o guiado por un investigador, aplicados a tutores legales de infantes de una institución educativa. Materiales y Métodos: muestra de 130 tutores legales de niños/as (3 y 5 años) pertenecientes a un jardín de infantes municipal de Avellaneda. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de datos sobre hábitos de salud bucal constituido por 14 preguntas simples, múltiples y cerradas. La entrega y devolución del instrumento fue a través de la institución. A los 2 meses se convocó a la misma población para completar el mismo instrumento guiado por un investigador. Se evaluó: porcentaje de concurrentes e instrumentos respondidos totalmente (modalidad autoadministrada), porcentaje de concurrentes que completaron el instrumento guiadoy concordancia total y por respuesta de las 2 modalidades. Se analizaron frecuencias y porcentajes. Para comparar la concordancia se utilizó Kappa global y Kappa de Cohen para cada pregunta. Resultados: 76,9% de tutores legales respondieron en la modalidad autoadministrada y 48,5% la guiada por el investigador. El 80,0% respondió la totalidad de las preguntas del instrumento autoadministrado. Al comparar las respuestas para ambas modalidades, no se observaron diferencias significativas en la totalidad de las mismas. Al analizar las respuestas solo 3 de las 14 preguntas tuvieron una concordancia menor (0,70). Conclusión: Para la población estudiada, la forma autoadministrada tuvo mayor tasa de respuesta que la guiada por un investigador, sin que se registren diferencias en las respuestas de ambas formas de administración.
Sólo estelas en la mar
Authors: Elverdin J C
Published: May 2024

Será esta mi última contribución para con la Revista, a la que desde mi posición como Secretario de Ciencia y Técnica de la FOUBA contribuí a posicionar en el lugar que el principal órgano de difusión de esta Casa de Estudios, debe tener. También es una buena oportunidad para despedirme de mis colegas Docentes y No-docentes con quienes conviví durante décadas, y recordarles que el mejor legado que podemos dejar a quienes nos suceden en estos espacios, es haber sido buenos compañeros, generosos, solidarios y dispuestos a ayudar a aquel que lo solicite con la humildad que debería marcar nuestros actos de vida, para ello elijo un poema de Antonio Machado, quien en unas pocas frases pone todo en su justo lugar: Caminante, son tus huellas el camino y nada más;  Caminante no hay camino, se hace camino al andar. Al andar se hace camino, y al volver la vista atrás, se ve la senda que nunca se ha de volver a pisar. Caminante no hay camino sino estelas en la mar.
Effects of Mebyakaonan Marriage Law in the Perspective of Balinese Customary Law: Study on Balinese Community, Rantau Jaya Village, Ilir District, Putra Rumbia, Central Lampung Regency
Authors: Widia Asih Dewa Ayu Putu , AB Wiranata I Gede , . Kasmawati , . Aprilianti , Septiana Dewi
Published: May 2024

Marriage is the outward and inner bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife to continue their lineage. Marriage in Balinese customs is called pawiwahan. Pawiwahan is a sacred thing in the process of human life from the status of brahmacari to the time of grhasta. Mebyakaon marriage is marriage under the hand. The problem in this study is why mebyakaon marriage is taken by the parties to form a marriage and the legal consequences of mebyakaon marriage on their marital status in the community and the status of children born from this marriage in Rantau Jaya Ilir Village, Putra Rumbia District, Central Lampung Regency. This research is normative-empirical legal research with a descriptive research type. The problem approach used sociological juridical approach with data sources is primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques with literature studies and field studies are interviews with informants and respondents who carry out marriage mebyakaon. Data analysis is qualitative analysis. The results of research and discussion show that the reason for the marriage is caused by several factors, namely economic factors, educational factors, mutual demen, parental desire factors, and the factor of men who are still legally married to other women. The marital status of mebyakaon is not the same as traditional Balinese marriage in general, what distinguishes it from mebyakaon marriage is that it lies in a traditional procession that has not been carried out completely. Based on the decisions and decrees of Parisadha Hindu Dharma Indonesia (PHDI), the validity of marriage is determined on condition that Tri Upasaksi. The legal position of mebyakaon marriage does not have a strong binding force so that this marriage may not have the same legal status as traditional Balinese married couples in general. Similarly, the legal consequences of marriage will be different. Couples who perform mebyakaon marriage may not enter the temple and participate in the massacre in the village because mebyakaon marriage is valid according to the parties only but, according to Balinese customary law this marriage is invalid and children born from mebyakaon marriage are extramarital children (anak astra) and marital property in mebyakaon marriage There is no legal certainty and there is no mixing of property between husband and wife.
Status and Inheritance Rights of Daha Tua in Balinese Customary Inheritance Law: Study on Balinese Indigenous People in Banjar Dewa Village, Banjar Agung District, Tulang Bawang Regency
Authors: Nita Sari Ni Luh , AB Wiranata I Gede , . Kasmawati , . Aprilianti , Septiana Dewi
Published: May 2024

Old Daha is an adult woman biologically menstruating, until old age. It is said that Daha Tua if his status does not carry out marriage until the end of reproductive ability. So Old Daha was an adult woman until she died with the status of never married. The situation of Old Daha will be set aside by his family members because it is considered a mere burden, so the issue of Old Daha's inheritance rights arises and the distribution of Old Daha's inheritance rights to his heirs in Banjar Dewa Village, Banjar Agung District, Tulang Bawang Regency. This research is empirical normative legal research, with a descriptive type. The problem approach used is a juridical-sociological approach. The data used are secondary data and primary data. Data collection techniques with literature studies and field studies are interviews. Data analysis is used qualitative data analysis. The results showed that Daha Tua in Banjar Dewa Village was not an heir, however, along with the development of the era, parents assumed that Daha Tua was entitled to receive his parents' property while still paying attention to customary law as a guideline that applies in the Balinese customary inheritance system. The distribution of inheritance rights belonging to Daha Tua to his heirs in Banjar Dewa Village will be inherited to heirs who are related to Purusa by blood, such as his chosen brother or by adopting the nephew of his brother as a legitimate child. These efforts were made to get heirs and shelter in old age.
PEDAGOGICAL DIALOGUE AS A WAY TO SEARCH FOR TRUTH
Authors: Kądziołka Władysław
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of the article is to show the pedagogical dimension of dialogue, which leads a person to a personal encounter with the truth about himself and the reality surrounding him. Dialogue is one of the important factors not only in solving the crisis of truth we are experiencing, but also and above all in valuing truth in interpersonal relationships. Methods: This article uses the analytical and synthetic method of literature on the subject. Results: The conclusions drawn from the research indicate that the goal of every well-understood dialogue is to reach the truth. There is no greater success than reaching the One who called himself "The Way, the Truth and the Life" (John 14:6). Listening to the voice of people who think differently is a great strength and courage that is often lacking today at the political and social level, but also at the everyday level - in our homes and local environments. Conclusion: The need for reliable dialogue and openness to other people is enormous and still valid, although it is worth emphasizing that with an inconsistent worldview and a weak moral core, dialogue may involve numerous threats. Oryginality: The originality of the article is evidenced by the results of scientific research or conclusions resulting from information collected in the form of a review from previously published works by the author and others of an empirical, theoretical or analytical nature on this topic. Keywords: Man, dialogue, interpersonal communication, solitude, relations, education, truth, dialogue pedagogy
RELIGIOUS UPBRINGING IN THE PEDAGOGY OF JOHN PAUL II
Authors: Klim-Klimaszewska Anna
Published: May 2024

Given the ongoing social, political and economic transitions and related threats and challenges, the need to prepare young generations for proper interpretation of the reality is indisputable. These expectations are met by the educational thought of Pope John Paul II – an unquestionable moral authority. Aim. The aim of the article is to present the concept of religious education of Pope John Paul II. Methods. The analysis of ideas by Pope John Paul II was carried out based on selected papal encyclics, exhortations, letters and speeches. Results. The presented analysis of the views on religious education of Pope John Paul II shows that they fall within the tendency of Christian personalism. The teaching of John Paul II contain beliefs about the infinite value of the man, emphasise its personal individuality, draw attention to such organization of the temporal world so that an individual living in it may develop its personality. Such development is not only the goal of a human being, but also the target of the entire social life. For where personal values, such as freedom, dignity, justice, love and peace are valued, social structures may thrive. This is possible only in the case of unity with God. And this, in turn, may be guaranteed only by religious education. Conclusion. Religious education focuses on moral requirements concerning everyone and pursuant to the Gospel, as well as Christian attitudes to life and the world: both heroic and regular, referred to as Christian or evangelic virtues. These are the grounds for care about and endeavour to, when educating in faith, clearly present the issues such as human activity for integral liberation, seek societies of increased solidarity and brotherhood, fight for justice and build peace. Religious education is about preparing Catholic children to live in contact with non-Catholics, while preserving their own Catholic identity, and at the same time, showing respect for the faith of other people. It is a full introduction into Christianity which refers to all elements of life as a Christian. Religious education requires a variety of methods adapted to mental type and age, ecclesiastical and spiritual maturity, and individual preconditions of the catechised. The period worth of attention is when a small child receives the first constituents of catechesis from the parents and the family environment, which show in simple words the good and caring Father in Heaven, to whom the child learns to raise its heart. Oryginality. The article brings new values to the concept of upbringing, which leads a person to his development in the conditions of contemporary social and civilizational reality. Keywords. Pope John Paul II; religious education; children; teenagers; Christian personalism; catechization; values
IN SEARCH OF A TEACHER'S PERSONALITY MODEL ASSUMPTIONS OF SAINT'S PEDAGOGY JAN DE LA SALLE IN RELATION TO CLASSICAL CONCEPTS POLISH PEDEUTOLOGICAL LITERATURE AND YOUTH OPINIONS
Authors: Kukla Daniel
Published: May 2024

Aim: The study, based on the analysis of the literature on the subject and conducted research, attempts to define the challenges and requirements for a modern teacher who, in order to adapt and at the same time find his way in the realities of the modern world, must constantly learn. Currently, the emphasis is on shaping personality and attitudes, then on developing the necessary skills and providing knowledge. Undoubtedly, this order has an impact on the creation of creative, open and independent individuals, thus corresponding to the ideal of the times in which we live. This mission is guided by the idea of developing a teacher and educator in accordance with the principles of St. Jan de La Salle, according to whose teaching mission is a privileged mission. Against the background of the assumptions of St. Jan de La Salle explained what the ideal of the teaching profession should be and analyzed the statements of future students of the profession. Methods: For the purposes of the project, a research question was posed: what should a contemporary teacher (educator) and youth educator be like? The research was embedded in qualitative methodology. When making methodological assumptions, no hypotheses were formulated because no similar research had been conducted on the selected group before. The research project was carried out using the diagnostic survey method. Results: In the light of the conducted analyses, the perception of the teacher's authority by contemporary young apprentices of the profession was presented. Coclusion: Currently, it is important to emphasize the importance of a teacher's personality in the context of influencing the quality of education and shaping the future modern society. Orginality: There are no studies in contemporary literature that would analyze the scope of Saint's activity. Jan de La Salle in the context of searching for a teacher's personality model and his own research. The meaning and activity of the presented Saint. Nowadays, Jana de La Salle seems to be gaining in importance as a model in the process of preparing future students of the profession. It is also important that the assumptions are included in the Polish pedeutological literature, which is a model for future teachers. Keyword: teacher, personality, education, learning process.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE CLERGY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION AMONG RURAL FAMILIES OF THE PŁOCK DIOCESE IN THE YEARS 1726-1893
Authors: Kuźniewska Zofia Hanna
Published: May 2024

Aim: the purpose of this article is to present the issue of assistance provided by the clergy in the aspect of introducing and maintaining education and effective upbringing among families, especially rural ones, often living even in extreme financial conditions in the Płock diocese in the Płock and Dobrzyń deaneries in the 18th and early 19th centuries. This state of affairs was caused by constant wars and marches of foreign troops throughout the country. At that time, Poland did not exist as a state but was under partition. Methods: this article uses the historical method and reconstruction of facts. Resources from the Diocesan Archives in Płock were used, as well as material from archival extracts regarding the issue of elementary education contained in the protocols of general and deanery visits. Results: using archival resources, this study managed to present not only the educational situation in the years 1726-1893 in the Płock diocese in the Płock and Dobrzyń deaneries, but above all, the importance of the help the clergy provided, especially to rural families, which did not exist at that time afford to pay for their children's education. Conclusion: the assistance provided in matters of education over the centuries, especially in the 18th and early 19th centuries by the clergy, until the emergence of the National Education Commission, laid stable foundations on which education began to develop, now available to all states. Originality: this study is the first material in Poland that presents the problem of help provided by the clergy in the field of education and upbringing of children, especially from rural families in the Płock diocese, in the Płock and Dobrzyń deaneries in the 18th and 19th centuries. Keywords: clergy, Church, education, parish, Płock diocese, families, upbringing, parish schools, National Education Commission.
THE ETHOS OF SILENCE IN THE LANGUAGE OF PEDAGOGY
Authors: Olearczyk Teresa
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of considerations on the language of silence is to enrich the conceptual apparatus of pedagogy in the context of a perspective view of values, directions of development and tasks of education. The language of silence describes spirituality, indicates its essence in education, and the meaning of important defining concepts is necessary and important for spiritual development, reflection on life, and meditation. Method: In understanding and interpreting the concepts defining silence in all its aspects, i.e. both sensual and spiritual, I used the phenomenological method, which allows for a description aimed at getting to know a given phenomenon that occurred in the researcher's consciousness. The phenomenon of silence is described in many ways, but in the pedagogical approach to this phenomenon, it is important to highlight its essence and importance in the upbringing process. Results: The result of the research undertaken is to show the richness of the language of silence that describes these phenomena and to propose the introduction of the language of silence to reconstruct the principles and methods of teaching and upbringing in educational processes. The next projected effects may be empirically perceptible changes in human social behavior. Conclusions: Pedagogy should study the language of silence, both from the perspective of socialization and personalization processes. A teacher who understands and uses the language and symbolism of silence introduces an atmosphere of peace and emotional balance in the upbringing process, so he primarily recognizes the external manifestations of what the "inner" person experiences. Originality: The originality of the presented considerations on the language of silence is expressed in the proposal to introduce this language into the conceptual apparatus of pedagogy as a scientific discipline, and, consequently, to undertake research on the effectiveness of the phenomenon of silence in educational processes. Keywords: silence, phenomenon, language of silence, linguistic communication, upbringing, values
RELIGIOSITY OF ADULTS WITH VISUAL DISABILITIES – A MULTIDIMEN-SIONAL APPROACH
Authors: Szabała Beata
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of the study is to characterize the religiosity of blind and low vision adults in a multidimensional approach. Methods: The research used the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (C-15) by S. Huber, the Scale of Emotions towards God (EtG) by S. Huber and the Post-Critical Beliefs Scale (PCBS) by D. Hutsebaut. Results: The research shows that blind respondents are characterized by significantly higher religiosity centrality. These respondents undertake prayer practices much more often, have significantly stronger religious beliefs and participate in formalized religious practices to a much greater extent. It has also been shown that religious thinking styles differentiate blind and low vision respondents at the level of statistical confidence. Blind people have a much stronger appreciation of transcendence and the belief that a symbolic interpretation of religious content is possible. They reveal a significantly higher desire to reduce uncertainty and fear, which coexists with a high degree of religious certainty and positive and negative emotions in contact with religious beliefs. Moreover, they are much less likely to reject the truth of religious claims. When it comes to emotions towards God, no significant differences were found between the blind and low vision respondents. Respondents experience positive emotions to a similar extent, which can be considered dominant. Coclusion: Considering the results of our own research on the centrality of religiosity, its content dimensions and styles of religious thought, it is necessary to emphasize the special role of religiosity in the lives of blind people. It is therefore important to develop it, e. g. within religious communities. Oryginality: The article presents the religiosity of visually impaired people in a multidimensional perspective. While studies on the centrality of the religiosity of blind and visually impaired adults are available in Poland, their emotions towards God and their styles of religious thinking have not been subjected to empirical research. Keyword: Religiosity, centrality of religiosity, emotions towards God, styles of religious thinking, blind people, people with low vision.
CATECHETICAL PASTORAL MINISTRY" - DISPUTE OVER THE CONCEPT
Authors: Gogolik Mirosław
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to present the dispute over the concept of "catechetical pastoral ministry" which emerged in theological reflection, especially in the fields of pastoral theology and catechesis. Methods: To comprehensively illustrate the meaning of the discussed term, the method of analyzing contemporary literature on the subject was used. Additionally, through the method of synthesis, a clarification of the meaning and application of this concept in the field of scientific reflection within practical theology was achieved. Results: The analysis revealed that the emergence and use of terms such as "liturgical pastoral ministry" or "catechetical pastoral ministry" in common church language are the result of a certain shorthand, describing the pastoral mission of the Church in the areas of liturgy or catechesis. Therefore, it is justified to use the term "catechetical pastoral ministry" in the context of a broader pastoral perspective on catechetical activities. Analyzing the ongoing "dispute over the concept" in publications, arguments were drawn, including those of Adam Przybecki, who advocates the need to clarify the discussed approach, considering it "illogical" and a form of misuse, especially when this term became widely used in the Catechetical Directory of the Catholic Church in Poland in 2001. Conclusion: In conclusion, based on the conducted analysis defining the meaning of the term "catechetical pastoral ministry," the suggestion is made to focus on practical actions and the positive evangelical outcomes that will permanently contribute to the functioning of parish communities and the conducted pastoral ministry, considering a broader pastoral perspective. Originality: Undoubtedly, in the field of practical theology, the undertaken analysis and attempt to clarify the concept constitute an important and original approach, confirming the need for discussion and even debate regarding the meaning of used terms and concepts. Keywords: parish catechesis, "catechetical pastoral ministry," sacramental catechesis, selected pastoral aspects of catechesis, liturgy, parish, practical theology.
MODELS OF RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES - AN INSPIRATION FOR THE RENEWAL OF POLISH RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
Authors: Gazda Marcin
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of the analyses conducted in this article is to search for a new vision of religious education in Poland, which would constitute a response to the contemporary secularization of youth. This search is inspired by models of religious education in selected European countries with similar religious and social conditions to Poland. Methods: The main method, which constitutes the axis of the search, is the comparative method. Thanks to it, not only the concepts of religious education in Italy, Malta and Croatia were compared, but also those elements which would be worth implementing in Poland were pointed out. Results: A synthetic presentation of the system of religious education in Italy, Croatia and Malta shows how these countries respond to the contemporary secularisation of the young generation and makes it possible to distinguish elements that can provide inspiration for the process of renewing religious education in Poland. Conclusion: The proposals for the renewal of religious education in Poland developed in this article appear to be relevant to contemporary socio-cultural changes, especially the secularisation that is staggering. Oryginality: The subject matter under analysis is original and is intended by the author to be a voice in the discussion on the new concept of religious education in Poland. This is because it is worth drawing on the experience of other countries that have been experiencing secularisation processes for many years. Keywords: Religious Education in Poland, secularization, models of religious education, Poland, Malta, Italy, Croatia, catechesis.
THE STATUTORY ROLE OF CHURCH LEGAL PERSONS IN THE RUNNING OF EDUCATIONAL AND CARE FACILITIES
Authors: Służalec Michał
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of this article is to determine the importance of cooperation between the state and the Catholic Church in the context of implementing educational activities for the child. Methods: The work adopts methods of dogmatic and legal analysis, subject literature, and case law. Including a comparative method in the field of intra-church and national regulations. Results: It is the duty and right of the Catholic Church to cooperate with the state for the good of the individual and society. Due to the period of development, the child requires special help from third parties, especially parents. However, the Catholic Church has the opportunity to help parents in the upbringing of minors, which must be done with respect for the opinion of legal representatives. Conclusion: The Catholic Church and the state must cooperate with each other in educational activities - and the decision-making power of statutory representatives cannot be omitted in these relations. Originality: The topic of church-state relations touches on a number of important elements of social life. National and church regulations in certain areas must be interconnected. Such relationships make it necessary to constantly implement appropriate business standards, which is particularly important for minors. Therefore, this topic is a recurring discussion. Keyword: principle of cooperation, state-church relations, the welfare of the child, raising a child; parents' rights; freedom of conscience and religion; Catholic schools
FORMATION OF THE SPIRITUAL VALUES OF THE PERSONALITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kuchai Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

Aim: Is theoretical substantiation and experimental verification of the ways of formation of spiritual values of a person in specially organized conditions of the social and educational environment. Methods. To solve the goal, the following methods of scientific research were used : theoretical: the analysis of scientific literature to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of the research and the implementation of the historical and pedagogical analysis of the problem, to study the semantics of the key concepts of the research; empirical: pedagogical observation, questionnaires, interviews, testing, pedagogical experiment (determining and formative) to determine the level of formation of spiritual values of younger schoolchildren, statistical methods for processing the obtained results. Results. We conducted an experiment. The analysis of the data of the experiment convincingly indicates an increase in the level of formation of spiritual values in the experimental group as a result of the purposeful formation of values and their correction in the conditions of the social and educational environment. Indicators of benevolence, altruism, and harmony with the environment are also telling. This shows that students are more responsible for the tasks assigned to them, and value family and friendships more. Conclusion. As a result of practical pedagogical activity, the stages of correction of a person's spiritual values have been identified. The principles of the formation of spiritual values of a person are defined. The analysis of the data of the experiment indicates an increase in the level of formation of spiritual values as a result of the purposeful formation of values and their correction in the conditions of the social and educational environment. Achieving high results in the formation of spiritual values is determined by a high level of psychological culture, competence, and adequacy of the teacher, which makes it possible to create emotional comfort, increase the activity of students, and optimize their communication skills for creative potential. Originality. The concept of human spirituality is defined. Considered spiritual values as the highest achievements of humanity. The classification of the system of social values is disclosed. The main indicators of a person's spirituality are considered. In the course of the experiment, we used personal creative tasks (both diagnostic and corrective), which can unlock the cognitive activity of the individual. Keywords: spiritual values, personality, culture, abilities, creative potential, social environment,educational environment.