bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Counseling Model Development Based on Analysis of Unwanted Pregnancy Case in Teenagers
Authors: Nugroho Efa , Shaluhiyah Zahroh , Purnami Cahya Tri , Kristawansari Kristawansari
Published: October 2018

Teenegers who experience unwanted pregnancies are increasing. The number of client that access the Unwanted Pregnancy counseling services in IPPA Central Java in the year 2006 (94 clients), 2007 (91 clients), 2008 (95 clients), 2009 (68 clients), 2010 (157 clients), 2011 (98 clients), and 2012 (83 clients). Related to that data, 31% of clients were referred Haid Induction (HI), 3% refer shelter, and 66% continue the pregnancy and there were not identified. This research cunducted in 2014 used quantitative-qualitative approach which aimed to develop a model of counseling after mapping the case. Respondents were 5 Unwaned Prenancy counseling clients selected based on the final decision of counseling. From the research developed counseling model for teenage which should have an easy procedure, complete services, opening hours accordingly, no discrimination, respect privacy, provide pro choice, and low prices. Services consists of counseling, contraception, safe abortion, treatment of STIs, information center counseling and HIV testing, gynecological, prenatal and postnatal services, as well as the services of victims of gender based violence and sexual abuse.
Effect of Yoga Program on Mental Health: Competitive Anxiety In Semarang Badminton Athletes
Authors: Kusuma Donny Wira Yudha , Bin Wang
Published: October 2018

The most obvious factor which really affects the capability of an athlete, especially in Semarang badminton, is psychological factors. One technique supposed to represent all the mental techniques are yoga. A total of 20 athletes (12 men & 8 women) from the badminton club in Semarang participated in this study. Quasi-experimental was used in the study. Two groups were selected according age group and class, and both are candidates of the provincial team. We measured anxiety levels with CSAI-2R and sphygmomanometer. We analyze the data using t-test and index gain. Cognitive anxiety item on the yoga group decreased (x=-2.10; -21.21%), and so did the control group (x=-0.20; -2.19%). Somatic anxiety symptoms were similar to yoga group (x=-3.50; -26.92%), but not for the control group, which increased (x=1.70; 17.71%). Whereas self-confidence has a negative correlation to other variables, the yoga group increased (x=2.00; 12.35%) but the control group decreased (x=-0.30; -1.99%).The last was badminton performance, yoga group increased (x=2.40; 14.67%) and whereas the control group decreased (x=-3.283; -17.23%).
Relation Between Knowledge and Attitude Regarding DHF with PSN Behavior Among the Community Around the Campus
Authors: Kurniawan Masnuh Eva , Mohamed Ani Mazlina Dewi , Siyam Nur , Fatikha Nirmala , Fitriani Nova Alvia
Published: October 2018

The city of Semarang as the capital of Central Java province is a DHF endemic city and has a high risk of dengue fever. Based on data from Central Java Provincial Health Office in 2015, DBD IR from 2012 to 2015 has increased. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in the work area of Puskesmas Sekaran, Gunungpati in 2013 there are 7 cases of DHF patients, the highest number of Dengue fever is in Sukorejo Village with 6 patients then followed by Kelurahan Sekaran with 1 patient. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship Knowledge and Public Attitudes about DHF with the Behavior Eradication Mosquito Nest (PSN) in the Village Sekaran Gunungpati District Semarang City. This type of research is observational analytics with cross sectional approach. The sample of this research is the community of Village Saving as many as 52 people. The research instrument used questionnaires and observation sheets. Data analysis using chi square test.The result of this research is that there is no correlation between knowledge about dengue behavior toward PSN behavior (p = 0,477) and there is no correlation between public attitudes about DBD on PSN behavior (p = 1,96). Conclusion from this research that there is no relation between knowledge and attitude of society about DBD to behavior of PSN DBD.
Duration of Contact, Type of Leprosy, And Floor Condition As Risk Factors For Leprosy Sero-positivity
Authors: Rahfiludin Muhamad Zen , Saraswati Lintang Dian , Ginandjar Praba
Published: October 2018

The high number of leprosy seropositivity in a population may lead to clinical leprosy. This study aimed to identify risk factors of leprosy. This study was conducted in Brondong, Lamongan, East Java. The subjects were 153 people who lived with leprosy patient. lgM anti PGL-1 level was examined used ELISA (Dako). Logistic regression was conducted to test the independent variables. The results showed that the subjects had an average age 31 year (6.5), average BMI 22 (2.9) and average IgM anti PGL-1 level 1041 unit/ml (820). 79.7% of the research subjects were women. The subjects house floor condition (p value 0.009) was the most influential variable to seropositivity of leprosy. Our findings indicated that not only the duration of leprosy and the contacts need to be considered in the transmission of leprosy, but also environmental factors, such as the subjects house floor condition.
Effect of Thermal Stress on Urine Specific Gravity, Blood Pressure, and Heartbeat Among Underground Miners
Authors: Puspita Nurul , Ramdhan Doni Hikmat , Ulfa Nurul Farekha , Indriani Asiyah
Published: October 2018

Underground miners highly exposed to thermal stress hazard. Closed condition, heavy work load, and limited ventilation are the common cause of high environment temperature in underground mining. Thermal stress can influence metabolism and physiological function of human body. The objective of these study is to investigate the effect of thermal stress to physiological (bodyweight, blood pressure, urine specific gravity, and heartbeat) of underground miners. This study is observational cross sectional study with 42 underground miners. Thermal stress level is 147.14 Wm2 and categorized as unrestricted zone. These study showed that urine specific gravity, blood pressure, and heart beat on underground miners were change after shift work, while the body weight changes were not observed. The relation among TWL with blood pressure, urine specific gravity, and heartbeat is low category.
Actors Affecting the Decrease of Maternal Mortality Rates and Problems Related to Birth Services
Authors: Rochmayani Dewi Sari
Published: October 2018

The targeted 102 per 100,000 live births maternal mortality rate (AKI) in Semarang has not been achieved yet. In the era of childbirth insurance program in 2011, AKI reached 119.9 per 100,000. Then, in the era of National Health Insurance (JKN) by Social Security Administrator (BPJS), the AKI in 2004 was 109,2 per 100.000 live births. The study design was qualitative with grounded theory approach. There were 4 research focuses: 1) actors who contribute in labor services; 2) referral delay; 3) Community Health Center (Puskesmas) with basic essential obstetric–neonatal service (Poned); 4) profile of each obstetric services level in Semarang. The results showed that there were 2 groups of actors who contributed to prevention of maternal death. The first group were obstetrics and gynecologists, health surveyors, and professional organizations. The second group were family and society, including husband, mother, in-laws, and public figures. Many maternal death occurred in referral hospitals. There are three types of delay that often occur in Semarang, namely delay in decision-making, delay in accessing health services, and delay in acquiring health services.
Soil Transmitted Helminths Infection in Elementary School Students in Highland and Lowland Areas of Gianyar Regency
Authors: Nuryanti Ni Made , Subrata I Made
Published: October 2018

Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) Infection is a worm infection which is transmitted through soil. STH is still a public health problems around the world, including Indonesia. The tropical climates of Indonesia is a suitable environment for viability of STH. The prevalence of STH in Bali since 2003-2007 reached 40.94%-92.4%. The altitude of an area may affect the rate of STH infection. The rate of STH infection is higher on population in highland area compared to lowland area. This study aimed to identify risk factors of STH infection in elementary school students in highland and lowland area in Gianyar Regency. This study used cross sectional analytic design and was conducted in 2016. The total samples of this study were 104 students which were consisted of 53 students in highland area and 51 students in lowland area. The samples were collected using cluster random sampling technique. The specimens were examined using Kato-katz method. The results showed that the prevalence of STH infection in elementary school students in highland area (28.31%) was higher than in lowland area (1.96%). In lowland area, the risk factor could not be clearly identified because there was only one student with a positive STH infection. Meanwhile, the identified dominants risk factors which influence STH infection in highland area were habit of washing hands using soap (AOR=24.99), fingernails cleanliness (AOR= 13.19) and parents income (AOR=18.83).
Precede-Procede Analysis of Prenatal Class Plus Model in the Optimization Education of High Risk Pregnancy
Authors: Azinar Muhammad , Fibriana Arulita Ika , Wahyuningsih Anik Setyo , Azam Mahalul
Published: October 2018

High-risk pregnancies are still common in rural areas. The percentage of high-risk pregnancy in Singorojo sub-district of Kendal District in the last three years has increased significantly. The highest number of cases was in Cening and Singorojo villages. In the past year, 86.88% of pregnancies in Cening village and 55.42% of pregnancies in Singorojo village were categorized as high-risk. The lack in community education limited prevention of high-risk pregnancies. Prenatal Class Plus model is an innovation that was being developed in this study. This is a research and development study with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The “Prenatal Class Plus” model was developed in Cening and Singorojo village. Research subjects were pregnant women, husbands, or families of pregnant women, health cadres, and related stakeholders. Research data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Prenatal Class Plus model can improve the knowledge, attitude and efforts of pregnant women and their husbands during parturition and prevention of pregnancy complications (P4K).
Iodine Consumption and Linear Growth of Children Under Five Years Old in Malabero Coastal Area, Bengkulu City
Authors: Simbolon Demsa , Hapsari Tri
Published: October 2018

The high prevalence of stunting is influenced by nutritional intake. Iodine is an important micronutrient for growth. Bengkulu City is located along coastal area, hence it has potentially high iodine food sources. However, stunting prevalence was still high. This was a cross-sectional study conducted from March to July 2016 which aimed to determine the relationship between iodine consumption and linear growth of children under five years old in Malabero coastal area of Bengkulu City. The population were children aged 2-5 years old with a sample of 73 children. Measurement of linear growth was based on AHZ index using microtoice with capacity of 200 cm and accuracy of 0.1 cm. Iodine intake was measured based on semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The results showed that 71.2% of children under five years old did not had sufficient iodine consumption with average percentage of iodine sufficiency 47.7% ± 0.456. There were 53.5% of children under five years old who experienced stunting. Low iodine consumption was shown to be associated with stunting. There were 73.1% children under five years old with insufficient iodine intake who were stunted while only 4.8% children under five years old with sufficient iodine intake who were stunted.
Principles of Decision Making on the Prescription of Medicines. What else Do You Need to Know when Interpreting the Results of Clinical Trials?
Authors: Petrovskaya Yuliya A. , Ogorodova Ludmila M. , Petrovskiy Fedor I.
Published: October 2018

What can become the basis for the decision making when prescribing a medicine, choosing one instead of another? Words and their combinations ‘randomised controlled study’, ‘double blind’, ‘meta-analysis’, ‘relevant difference’ have a kind of hypnotic effect on the doctor and often it is enough to make a positive impression and convince of the need to prescribe a medicine. Indeed, randomisation and a double-blind method of enrolling patients are the main ways to avoid systematic errors in research. However, this is not enough to decide what medicine to choose. When analysing the results of clinical trials, it is necessary to know a number of details that are important, sometimes critical, without regard to which it is possible to make false or incorrect conclusions about the efficacy of medicines. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of clinical trials which need to be paid no less attention than randomisation, double-blind method, and statistical significance of the obtained results.
Inter-Regional Variability in the Incidence of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Diseases of Children Aged 0–14 Years in the Russian Federation (а Population-Based Study)
Authors: Pilguy Eleonora I. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Gundarov Igor A.
Published: October 2018

Background.An effective system for management of pediatric dermatological care in Russia requires taking into account the peculiarities of regional morbidity. According to modern literature, this issue is not sufficiently developed. Our aim was to study the characteristics of variability in the incidence of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases of children aged 0–14 years in the Russian Federation.Methods.The data of the state medical statistics on 83 territorial entities of the Russian Federation for 2009–2015 was used. The analysis implemented the risk aggregation method. The degree of variability in regional morbidity was assessed by the range of variation and the coefficient of variation. Region rankings were carried out by the annual incidence. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to study the stability of regions belonging to a certain ranked place.Results.In 2009, the incidence of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases of children aged 0–14 years in the Russian Federation had a pronounced variability: the range of variation was 7.7 times, the coefficient of variation was 28%. The annual region rankings were carried out. In 2010–2015, the annual variability indices remained high. The coefficients of rank correlation when distributing regions by morbidity were in the range of 0.75–0.94 compared to 2009. Quintiles of regions with different levels of pediatric dermatological morbidity were singled out.Conclusion.The incidence of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases in children aged 0–14 years in the territorial entities of the Russian Federation during 2009–2015 had a pronounced variability. Regions had a stable preference for a certain ranking place. The division of territorial entities of the Russian Federation into groups of pediatric dermatological morbidity are presented.
Excerpts on the History of Mother and Infant Protection in Moscow at the beginning of the 20th century
Authors: Gorelova Larisa E. , Shelkova Vera N.
Published: October 2018

The article is devoted to the important course of the medicine development at the beginning of the 20th century — mother and infant protection. The contribution of pediatricians and obstetricians to prevention of high infant mortality in Moscow is represented. The activities of G.N. Speransky and other doctors in public benevolent institutions are reported.
Possibilities of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Infantile Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Belova Anna N. , Sheiko Gennadii E. , Klyuev Evgenii А. , Dunaev Maksim G.
Published: October 2018

Infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) is the main cause of childhood disability and is characterized by a non-progressive lesion and/or impaired development of the brain in a foetus or newborn. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a modern non-invasive method with extensive capabilities for diagnosing brain damage in ICP. The review focuses on anatomical structural MR patterns of brain damage in ICP and gives the present-day classification of MR changes in this disease. The role of MRI in determining the duration of brain damage in ICP has been considered. Data on the ratio of ICP phenotypes to pathological MR findings has been presented. Neuroimaging prognostic biomarkers are discussed. It is emphasized that many questions regarding the prognostic significance of MR findings remain unresolved; prospects are associated with the use of new MRI modalities such as functional and diffusiontensor MRI.
The Results of Giardiasis Treatment Using Giardicidal Drugs and their Combination with Probiotics in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kimirilova Olga G. , Kharchenko Gennady A.
Published: October 2018

Background. Giardiasis in children remains an urgent problem, the significance of which is determined by the endemicity for many countries and regions, outbreaks of sporadic epidemics, polymorphism of clinical symptoms, and insufficient treatment efficacy. Objective. Our aim was to study the results of giardiasis treatment using giardicidal drugs or their combination with probiotics in children. Methods. We analyzed the frequency of Giardia lamblia elimination (the main outcome) as a result of giardiasis treatment (laboratory confirmed) in children aged from 3 months to 18 years who received giardicidal drugs (nifuratel, albendazole) or their combination with probiotics based on Saccharomyces boulardii (probiotic 1) and live freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. gasseri), Bifidobacterium infantis, and Enterococcus faecium (probiotic 2) in outpatient or inpatient settings. Additionally, we registered the duration of the main symptoms of giardiasis (abdominal pain, diarrhea), the prevalence of intestinal dysbiosis and lactase deficiency. The considering period is from January 2015 to September 2017. Results. The results of giardiasis treatment were studied in 4 groups: monotherapy with nifuratel (n = 65) or albendazole (n = 64), a combination of nifuratel + probiotic 1 (n = 67) or albendazole + probiotic 2 (n = 64). The groups were comparable by sex, age, and clinical manifestations of the disease. The elimination of lamblia on the 14–16th day of monotherapy with giardicidal drugs was achieved in 56–60%, when combined with probiotics — in 84% of patients for each combination (df = 3, p < 0.001). Against the background of combination therapy, the disease symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting) were reversed 1.5 times faster; the number of patients with lactase deficiency and intestinal dysbiosis decreased two and more times, under monotherapy with giardicidal drugs — 1.2 times (df = 3, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Giardiasis treatment in children using combination therapy, including giardicidal drugs and probiotics, is more effective than monotherapy with giardicidal drugs.
Polymorphism of PPARG (P12A), APOA1 (G75A), and APOE (C112A and A158C) Genes in Children with Obesity and Arterial Hypertension: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Kovtun Olga P. , Ustyuzhanina Margarita A.
Published: October 2018

Background. The genetic nature of a comorbid development of obesity and arterial hypertension (AH) in children is poorly studied. In this regard, it is important to study genes, the polymorphism of which is associated with disturbances in both metabolic processes and control of arterial pressure. Objective. Our aim was to study the association of polymorphisms P12A (rs1801282) of the PPARG gene, G75A (rs670) of the apolipoprotein A1 gene (APOA1), C112A (rs429358) and A158C (rs7412) of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) with the development of obesity and AH in children. Methods. The study included children with obesity and AH (case) and healthy children (control) aged from 10 to 17 years. Gene polymorphism was studied by polymerase chain reaction in real time. We determined blood concentrations of cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides, apoA1, apoB, fasting glucose and glucose tolerance test for all children. Results. Groups of patients with obesity and AH (n = 69) and healthy children (n = 49) were comparable by age and sex. In the case group, there were more carriers of the A allele (25 versus 9% in the healthy group; p = 0.002) and the AA genotype (13% and 2%, respectively; df = 2, p = 0.031) of APOE C112A polymorphism. PPARG and APOA1 polymorphisms as well as APOE A158C polymorphism were not associated with the development of obesity and AH in children. The carriers of the APOE e2 allele had lower concentrations of low density lipoproteins and apoB in the blood; the carriers of the PPARG G allele had lower glycemia values, and the carriers of the A allele of APOA1 G75A polymorphism had higher glycemia values. Conclusion. The APOE C112A polymorphism is associated with a comorbid development of obesity and AH in children. The pathogenetic significance of PPARG and APOA1 polymorphisms warrants further investigation.
Prevalence and Clinical Laboratory Features of Cryptosporidiosis in Children under 5 Years of Age: A Cross-Sectional Study of Hospital Cases of Acute Intestinal Infection
Authors: Starikova Elena G. , Schubina Natalia I. , Voronkova Olga V. , Kovshirina Yulia V. , Yarovoy Nikolai D.
Published: October 2018

Background. Cryptosporidium protozoa are the leading causative agent of diarrhea and cause of death in children under 5 years of age. The role of cryptosporidia in the development and course of acute intestinal infections (AII) in children in Russia remains unstudied. Objective. Our aim was to study the prevalence and clinical laboratory features of cryptosporidium-associated aII in children under 5 years of age. Methods. A cross-sectional study (conducted in March-June 2017) included children admitted to hospital with symptoms of AII (fever, loose watery stools, weakness, decreased appetite and/or vomiting) by the ambulance service. On admission, stool samples were collected from all patients. Cryptosporidium oocysts were determined by microscopic examination of faecal smears stained according to Tsil-Nielsen after preliminary concentration by a modified formalin-ether technique. The presence of intestinal pathogens was determined by a bacteriological technique and using a polymerase chain reaction. Results. The study included 107 children with AII (girls — 51%). Cryptosporidia were detected in 28 (26%) patients, in 93% of cases — together with bacterial and/or viral pathogens. The etiological structure of cryptosporidium-associated AII and AII in cryptosporidiosis negative children (n = 79) did not differ. On admission, children with cryptosporidium-associated AII had a higher blood leukocyte count — 13.0_109/L (9.2; 16.0) versus 8.3_109/L (6.1; 11.2) in children without cryptosporidiosis (p < 0.001). It has been also found that antibiotics were more often used in the treatment of children with cryptosporidium-associated AII — in 21 (75%) versus 39 (49%) in the comparison group (p = 0.026). Conclusion. Cryptosporidia are detected in every fourth child with AII under 5 years of age. Patients with cryptosporidia are distinguished by a higher level of blood leukocytes upon admission and a more frequent prescription of antibiotics than in the group of cryptosporidiosis negative patients.
Experience of Vaccination of a Patient with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA) with a 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, prior to the Appointment of Therapy with Tocilizumab, an Anti-IL-6-Receptor Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Vankova Daria D. , Alekseeva Ekaterina I. , Soloshenko Margarita А. , Dvoriakovskaia Tatiana М. , Isaeva Ksenia B. , Denisova Rina V. , Mamutova Anna V. , Rudnitskaya Mariya G. , Mayansky Nikolay A. , Tkachenko Natal’ya Е.
Published: October 2018

Background. Infections are the main cause of death for patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), mortality caused by respiratory infections is 2–5 times higher than in the population. One of the frequent infectious complications in the course of treatment with tocilizumab, the first-choice drug for treating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), is pneumonia characterized by a poor clinical picture, normal values of laboratory indices of the disease activity (ESR, C-reactive protein) with pronounced changes in the lungs revealed by computed tomography. In case of acute respiratory infection in children with systemic JIA, immunosuppressants and genetically engineered biological preparations (GEBP) are discontinued. This often leads to an exacerbation of the underlying disease and the progression of a pathological process. At present, vaccination against pneumococcal infection in Russia is not included in the standard for managing patients with rheumatic diseases. Studies of the safety and efficacy of vaccination with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in patients with sJIA receiving genetically engineered biological preparations were not conducted. Clinical Case Description. The article shares the experience of vaccination of a girl aged 9 years with a 13-valent PCV that was conducted in the course of a scientific investigation, which studied the efficacy and safety of vaccination of children with systemic JIA prior to prescription of GEBP tocilizumab. Vaccination did not cause a deterioration in the course of the main disease (1 month), led to a reduction in the incidence of acute respiratory infections (from 4 to 1 time within 6 months before and after vaccination), and discontinuation of antibacterial drugs within 6 months after vaccination. Conclusion. The safety of a 13-valent PCV in a child with sJIA and a decrease of the incidence of respiratory diseases after vaccination, their complications, and the use of antibacterial drugs have been shown.
Contemporary View of the Structural and Functional Peculiarities of the Skin, Items of Care and Prevention of Dermatological Pathology in Infants
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Ambarchian Eduard Т. , Epishev Roman V. , Materikin Alexander I. , Fedorov Dmitriy V.
Published: October 2018

The article presents the modern knowledge of the structural and functional peculiarities of the skin in children. Information on the etiopathogenesis of a debut atopic dermatitis has been also given. The results of our own observations with an analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of cosmetics based on highly purified lanolin and cotton extract in infants have been presented.
Dosage Problems in Children: Well-Known Facts and Unresolved Issues
Authors: Mikhailova Olga A. , Drozdov Vladimir N. , Lazareva Natalia В. , Shikh Evgeniya V.
Published: October 2018

The problem of dosing drugs at an early age is conditioned by specific metabolism of medicinal products (MP) in the child's body. Currently, there are a few clinical trials on the study of physiological characteristics in different periods of childhood and systematised data. It is still relevant to understand the characteristic differences that affect the bioavailability, distribution and excretion of MP, especially in children over one month of life. The results of such studies are necessary in order to formulate the recommendations for use of MP in children taking into account their age and compensate for the lack of data from direct clinical trials in pediatrics. The possibility of using a dose calculation method regarding the fat content of the body in different periods of childhood and the chemical properties of the substance has been discussed.
“A ciência popularmente tratada, e não a ciência profissionalmente discutida tal será o nosso sistema de redação” Imprensa e vulgarização das ciências no Brasil na segunda metade do século XIX
Authors: FONSECA Maria Rachel Fróes da
Published: October 2018

Resumo Na segunda metade do século XIX, o conceito de “vulgarização científica”, que remetia fundamentalmente à ideia de se comunicar a ciência para os leigos, era bastante utilizado no Brasil. Os vulgarizadores das ciências buscaram, por meio de livros, revistas, periódicos, conferências e exposições, comunicar os conhecimentos das ciências ao grande público, às classes trabalhadoras e às crianças. O periodismo expandiu-se e alcançou grande variedade temática e de público. Estavam imbuídos da ideia de uma ciência para todos, e da convicção de que o cultivo pelas ciências era instrumento para o conhecimento das novas nações e formação do povo. Aqui destacamos alguns periódicos brasileiros que, na segunda metade do século XIX, dirigidos e/ou redigidos por vulgarizadores, os “intelectuais mediadores”, dedicaram suas páginas à vulgarização das ciências: A semana. Jornal litterario, scientifico e noticioso (Rio de Janeiro, 1855), Academia popular. Semanário de Instrucção e Recreio para o Povo (Recife, 1863), Illustração Popular (Rio de Janeiro, 1876), Revista do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, 1876), O Vulgarisador. Jornal dos conhecimentos uteis (Rio de Janeiro, 1877), Sciencia para o povo.Serões instructivos (Rio de Janeiro, 1880), Barão de Macahubas. Periodico scientifico, litterario e noticioso (Bahia, 1886).
‘Terras da Nossa Terra’ Das ondas do rádio às colunas de jornal
Authors: RIBEIRO Robertha Pedroso Triches
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este trabalho irá abordar a atuação do jornalista luso-brasileiro José Augusto Correia Varella no periódico Voz de Portugal, através da análise de sua coluna “Terras da Nossa Terra”. Por meio dela, esse imigrante português ajudou a divulgar o nome de Portugal no Brasil, exaltando a cultura portuguesa e fazendo defesa das relações histórico-culturais luso-brasileiras. Além disso, utilizou o seu espaço no jornal para difundir os valores estadonovistas, celebrando a cultura histórica própria do regime e a figura de Salazar, transformando-se em um agente de propaganda do Estado Novo português no Brasil.
The Historiography of International Relations: Martin Wight in Fresh Conversation with Duroselle and Morgenthau
Authors: Mendelski Bruno
Published: October 2018

Abstract This article reviews three classic texts of the French, American-Realist and English schools in International Relations, namely Tout Empire Périra (Duroselle 1992), Politics Among Nations (Morgenthau 1948), and Power Politics (Wight 1978). I argue that Wight’s approach can be regarded as a middle course between those of Duroselle and Morgenthau, and that Wight adopted this position in order to associate himself with important assumptions by both Duroselle and Morgenthau. In particular, there are similarities between Wight’s concept of ‘international revolution’ and Duroselle’s notion of the ‘unbearable.’ Both are critical of behavioural methods, and both search for recurrences in international relations. As regards Morgenthau, Wight shares with him a Realist view of international anarchy, a classical understanding of ‘national interest,’ and an understanding of ideologies as the legitimation of government actions.
Immunocompatibility of poly(ethylene glycol)-penetrated alginate–chitosan hydrogels
Authors: Radhakrishnan Anitha , Sreekumaran Sreekanth , Nair Jayakumaran A , Kurup Muraleedhara G
Published: October 2018

Scaffold-guided tissue regeneration using hydrogels has been emerging as an ideal alternative for the management of terminal-stage organ damage. Design of scaffolds for tissue regrowth mainly focuses on their immuno/biocompatibility as well as physiochemical characteristics. The focus of this study is on the biocompatibility evaluations of a panel of four hydrogel scaffolds fabricated using alginate, chitosan and hydroxyapatite reinforced with poly(ethylene glycol). The hydrogels were subsequently cross-linked with calcium ions and glutaraldehyde. Immunocompatibility was assessed by interacting Raw 264.7 cell lines with these hydrogels. MTT cell viability assay revealed the non-cytotoxic nature of the hydrogels, and the macrophages grown in contact with the hydrogels exhibited no alteration in their morphology and were similar to the untreated normal cells. The concentration of nitric oxide, activity of myeloperoxidase and the messenger ribonucleic acid transcripts of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha exhibited no considerable increase in the macrophages cultured with the hydrogels when compared to lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. In short, the absence of macrophage activation on contact with hydrogels is a clear indication of their in vitro immunocompatibility, suggesting their potential application as tissue engineering templates.
Experimental results on the influence of gas on the mechanical response of peats
Authors: Jommi Cristina , Muraro Stefano , Trivellato Edoardo , Zwanenburg Cor
Published: October 2018

Direct observation of gas in peat layers, generated by slow degradation in anoxic conditions, raised concern in the Netherlands about its potential impact on the geotechnical response of dykes founded on peat. To address this issue, an experimental investigation was initiated, aimed at quantifying the main consequences of the presence of gas on the mechanical response of peats. The results of a series of triaxial tests on natural peat samples flushed with carbonated water are presented and discussed. Controlled amounts of gas were exsolved by undrained isotropic unloading, and the samples were sheared under undrained conditions. During gas exsolution, the samples suffered volumetric expansion, at a rate which is ruled by the relative compressibility of the fluid and the soil skeleton. The gas in the pore fluid dominates the stress–strain response upon undrained shearing, causing lower excess pore pressure compared to fully saturated samples. The experimental results suggest that local fabric changes occur during gas exsolution. However, for the amounts of gas investigated, these fabric changes seem to be almost reversible upon compression. Although the ultimate shear strength is hardly affected by gas, the reduction in the mobilised shear strength at given axial strain thresholds is dramatic, compared to fully saturated samples. The study suggests that the presence of gas must be cautiously accounted for at low stresses, when a reference stiffness is chosen for serviceability limit states, and when operative shear strength definitions, based on mobilised strength for given strain thresholds, are chosen in the assessment of geotechnical structures on peats.
A DIAGNOSIS OF THE LEVEL AND STRUCTURE OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS’ INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND
Authors: Murawska Anna
Published: October 2018

Pursuant to the Strategy of Sustainable Developmentof Rural Areas, Agriculture and Fisheries 2012–2020,one of the long-term objectives of main rural developmentmeasures is to improve the standards of living in rural areas.The purpose of the paper is to diagnose the sources of incomeand the levels and structure of consumption expenditure inrural households in the context of sustainable development,living conditions and quality of life. Relevant data was retrievedfrom household budget studies, statistical yearbooksand other works. The study period was 2000–2015. Statistical,descriptive and comparative methods were used in theanalyses. Structure indicators, measures of position, growthrates and variability indexes were presented. According tothe analyses, the rural households’ average monthly disposableincome per capita more than doubled over the 2000–2015period. However, rural incomes continue to be only 50% ofthose earned in large cities. The level of income is determinantfor consumption expenditures. The largest amounts of moneyare spent on food, beverages and housing, as well as on energyand transport, as far as services are concerned.
Gestão de Qualidade Proporcionando Competitividade Organizacional
Authors: Ramos Alberto Luiz , Rostirola Murilo , Gura Jose Mateus , Pedroso Sandra Mara Dias , Callegari Nelson Malta
Published: October 2018

Diante das necessidades do mercado global, as empresas estão redirecionando, frequentemente, suas estratégias de produção e de divulgação de seus produtos. Fatores como: novas tecnologias, matérias-primas diferenciadas e marketing têm grande atuação durante a produção desses produtos ou na execução de serviços. Há a necessidade de observação dos métodos utilizados para proporcionar o alcance de um resultado final positivo. Nessa concepção vem se buscando o método mais adequado para a gestão da qualidade, proporcionando competitividade organizacional de cada empresa, processo e produto final.Palavras chave: Desempenho. Gestão. Controle. Qualidade Total.AbstractBefore the global market needs, the companies have been directing, frequently their production and productions divulgation strategies . Factor such as: new technologies, differentiated raw materials and marketing play a great role during the production of these new products or the services execution. There is a need to observed the methods used to provide the achievement of a final positive result. In this concerption it has been searching the most appropriate method for the quality management, providing organizational competitivity of each company, process and final proeuct.Keywords: Performance. Management. Contro. Total Quality.
Recrutamento e Seleção por Competência: o Desafio dos Recursos Humanos em Buscar Candidatos Competentes no Mercado de Trabalho
Authors: Lopes Michelle Rosa , Maidana Fernanda De Araujo , Queiroz André Felipe
Published: October 2018

As diversas mudanças que estão ocorrendo nos dias atuais, como a globalização e as tecnologias emergentes, exigem dos Recursos Humanos uma maneira mais eficiente de recrutar e selecionar o candidato ideal. No entanto, muitas empresas não estão preparadas para as transformações contemporâneas e buscam, através das diversas técnicas tradicionais, recrutar e selecionar o melhor perfil profissional. Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar técnicas atualizadas na área de recrutamento e seleção com foco na competência, podendo ser utilizadas para análise dos mais diversos cargos. Estas técnicas proporcionam benefícios à empresa como a diminuição da rotatividade, segurança na contratação, rápida adaptação do funcionário a empresa, ganho de produtividade. O conhecimento é a grande riqueza das organizações, a inteligência das organizações representadas pelas competências dos funcionários, faz com que se torne um fator decisivo no ambiente competitivo e atual. O conhecimento passa a ser reconhecido como o grande diferencial para o crescimento das organizações e ser de grande importância para o sucesso. A valorização do capital humano que ocorreu com a evolução do Departamento Pessoal para o Departamento de Recursos Humanos demonstra que, o que diferencia as empresas no mercado, são as pessoas. O trabalho foi efetuado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos sobre a temática na perspectiva das competências humanas.Palavras-chave: Gestão de Pessoas. Recrutamento. Seleção por Competência.AbstractWith the many changes that have been occurring nowadays, such as globalization and emerging technologies, it is required from Human Resources a more efficient way of recruiting and selecting the ideal candidate. However, many companies are not prepared for the contemporary transformations and seek through the various traditional techniques to recruit and select the best professional profile. This article aims to explore updated techniques in recruitment and selection with a focus on competence, and can be used to analyze the most diverse positions. These techniques provide benefits to the company such as reduced turnover, security in hiring, rapid adaptation of the employee to the company, productivity gains. Knowledge is the great wealth of organizations, the intelligence of organizations represented by the employees’ skills, makes it a decisive factor in today’s competitive environment. Knowledge is recognized as the great differential for the growth of organizations and of great importance for success. The valuation of human capital that has occurred with the evolution of the personnel department to the human resources department shows that what distinguishes companies from the market is people. The work was carried out through bibliographical research in books and articles on the subject in the perspective of human competences.Keywords: People Management. Recruitment. Selection for Competence.
O Atendimento Socioeducativo à Luz da Educação Social e da Socioeducação
Authors: Pinto William Vinicius
Published: October 2018

Este estudo é um compilado de informações, que possibilitam ao leitor ter uma breve compreensão do Sistema de Garantia de Direitos, dando destaque ao atendimento prestado aos adolescentes e ou jovens, que foram expostos a riscos ou vulnerabilidades sociais, especificamente, os casos em que esses se encontram envolvidos com o meio ilícito ou prática de ato infracional. Desta forma, pesquisar sobre o referido tema que é de conhecimento social, sem dúvida alguma, gera diversos avanços para o meio acadêmico, bem como promove a disseminação de conhecimento, corroborando assim com a desmistificação que percorre pelo senso comum, quando o assunto é adolescente em conflito com a lei. Concernente ao método, foi utilizada a revisão bibliográfica integrativa, por meio da análise e compilação dos artigos publicizados nas bases de dados indexadoras, especificamente, Lilacs, PePSIC, BVS, Medline Bireme e Scielo, facilitando a obtenção de dados que após analisados, certamente, podem servir de ferramenta para que os leitores entrem em contato com esse contexto social, que tanto tem sido destaque na mídia, além de contribuir para o aprimoramento do atendimento e da política pública designada para tal segmento.Palavras-chave: Ato Infracional. Adolescência. Sistema de Garantia de Direitos. Políticas Públicas. Medida Socioeducativa.AbstractThis present study is compiled from information that enables the reader to have a brief understanding of the Rights Guarantee System, highlighting the care provided to adolescents and, or young people who were exposed to risks, or social vulnerabilities, specifically, cases that are involved with illicit means and, or practice of an infraction. Thus, research on that topic that is of social knowledge undoubtedly generates several advances to the academia and promotes the knowledge disseminatio, thus corroborating to the demystification that runs by common sense when it comes to adolescent offender. Concerning the method, the integrative literature review was used, through the analysis and compilation of the publicized articles in indexing databases, making it easier to obtain data after analysis which can certainly serve as a tool for readers to contact this social context that both have been featured in the media, as well as contribute to the improvement of care and public policy assigned to this segment.Keywords: Infraction. Teenager. Rights Guarantee System. Public Policy. Socioeducative Measure.
Adolescente Infrator: em Conflito com a Educação
Authors: Aguiar Adriana Gomes
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho consiste em um estudo exploratório e descritivo que procura esclarecer - através da revisão da literatura nacional - a vinculação ou não do jovem infrator com a educação e o quanto a realidade encontrada está em sintonia com o atual Sistema Nacional de Atendimento Socioeducativo (SINASE). Nos capítulos iniciais, procura-se contextualizar a história brasileira de atenção à infância e juventude, a atual política socioeducativa e o contexto sociofamiliar em torno do público estudado. Quanto aos resultados, os estudos nacionais evidenciam a desvinculação do jovem infrator com a escola, fenômeno multideterminado por fatores individuais, familiares, institucionais e por falhas na própria execução das medidas socioeducativas. Conclui-se que, apesar da educação figurar entre os fatores de proteção à conduta delinquente e de todas as diretrizes nacionais acerca da relevância da intersetorialidade para o alcance dos objetivos da socioeducação, é imperioso mais investimento em capacitações junto aos atores das políticas educacionais e do SINASE com a finalidade de adequado cumprimento do disposto nas normativas legais.Palavras-chave: Medida socioeducativa. Adolescente em Conflito com a Lei. Educação. SINASE. Intersetorialidade.AbstractThis work consists of an exploratory and descriptive study that aims to clarify - through the review of the national literature - the binding or not the young offender with education and how the reality found is in tune with the current National System of Socioeducational Service (SINASE). In the initial chapters, it is aimed to contextualize the Brazilian history of attention to childhood and youth, the current educational policy and the sociofamiliar context around the studied public. Regarding the results, national studies show the untying of the young offender with school, a multidetermined phenomenon by individual, family, institutional factors and by failures in their own implementation of socio-educational measures. It is concluded that, in spite of education among the protective factors to criminal conduct and all national guidelines about the importance of intersectoral action for the attainment of the Socioeducation objectives, it is imperative that more investment in training with the educational policies actors and SINASE with the purpose of adequate compliance with the legal regulations provisions.Keywords: Socio-Educative Measure. Adolescent in Conflict with the Law. Education. SINASE. Intersectorality.
Manejo expectante en preeclampsia no severa, resultados obstétricos y perinatales en un hospital de alta complejidad, Neiva (Colombia)
Authors: Guzmán-Yara Yuly Natalia , Parra-Amaya Edgardo , Javela-Rugeles Julian David , Barrios-Torres Juan Camilo , Montalvo-Arce Carlos , Perdomo-Sandoval Hector Leonardo
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: determinar la incidencia de preeclampsia no severa e identificar los resultados maternos y perinatales en pacientes a quienes se les realizó manejo expectante como conducta inicial.Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte histórica en gestantes con preeclampsia no severa que fueron atendidas en una institución pública de referencia de alta complejidad entre junio de 2015 y mayo de 2016. Se realizó muestreo por conveniencia. Se midieron las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y paraclínicas, los desenlaces maternos y perinatales; se determina la razón de incidencia de preeclampsia no severa y se realiza análisis descriptivo.Resultados: la razón de incidencia de preeclampsia no severa fue del 3%. Ingresaron a la cohorte 86 gestantes, con media de edad de 28 años (DE ± 8,1). La media de edad gestacional al momento del diagnóstico fue 29 semanas (DE ± 3,1). El 47,7% de las gestantes con diagnóstico inicial de preeclampsia sin características de severidad presentó conversión a preeclampsia severa y 27 recién nacidos presentaron al menos una complicación, la más frecuente fue el ingreso a Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal en un 27,9%.Conclusión: la principal complicación materna en pacientes con preeclampsia no severa es el paso a preeclampsia severa en alrededor de la mitad de las pacientes y  complicaciones perinatales en cerca de un tercio de las gestantes, por lo que se requiere un estricto control de la pacientes  con prreclamsia no severa y manejo expectante.