bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Familia abelera: una metáfora sobre la relación entre un artista argentino y su público
Authors: Gonzalez Daniela Soledad
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se analiza la metáfora “el público es la familia”, elaborada por el cantante Abel Pintos (1984, Bahía Blanca, Argentina) para hacer referencia a la relación con sus seguidores. Primeramente, se hará un breve repaso por la vida del artista, su obra y su actividad actual de promoción artística. Luego, se revisarán las características principales de los movimientos de masas, en particular, en lo que hace a la relación de los artistas con su público (nivel de cohesión alto, organización para fines comunes, respaldo y admiración por un personaje público, referencias internas, símbolos en común y uso de productos con la marca del artista). A continuación, se detallará la metodología de la investigación y se presentarán los resultados del análisis discursivo de algunas publicaciones y comentarios de Facebook en los que la metáfora que focalizamos se hace presente. Se extraerán de estos las características de la relación entre Abel Pintos y sus seguidores, y se enumerarán otras conceptualizaciones existentes para hablar de dicha relación. La más importante de ellas consiste en constituir una comunidad con una unión tan fuerte como la de una familia. Otras características que se advertirán son las siguientes: iniciativas de organización para hacer productos u ofrecer servicios en  onjunto, referencias internas, creación de términos identificatorios (por ejemplo, el adjetivo abelero/a), lenguaje performativo, gran admiración por el cantante argentino. Por otro lado, se señalarán ocasionales inconsistencias entre la metáfora “el público es la familia” y algunos eventos que contradicen dicha conceptualización. Finalmente, se presentarán las conclusiones del estudio.
La posverdad: identidades colectivas que degeneran las democracias
Authors: Morales Romero Frank Brady , Martínez Martínez Renato Rafael
Published: November 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el fenómeno de la posverdad y su influencia en la conformación de una sociedad, cuyo tipo de identidad colectiva otorga gran valor a sus creencias y emociones en la construcción de la opinión pública. Este fenómeno provoca polarizaciones políticas que degradan las democracias en sociedades que excluyen la opinión del que no piensa como el cuerpo colectivo, lo cual se genera especialmente en las redes sociales.
El método que se utiliza en este trabajo es el hermenéutico, ya que permite analizar algunos hechos específicos —que se reconocieron desinteresadamente— con el fin de situar el concepto de posverdad en un contexto político y coyuntural en varios espacios geográficos del mundo. Estos espacios serán interpretados, a su vez, a la luz de la filosofía posmoderna y de la reflexión crítica.
Una de las reflexiones más importantes que ha suscitado esta investigación es que la pretendida objetividad de la epistemología tradicional se ha debilitado aceleradamente ante el hecho de que los sistemas de creencias han cobrado carta de ciudadanía. Estos sistemas presumen certezas en el imaginario colectivo, en el dominio y conocimiento de la realidad, de los hechos, los sentimientos y las intenciones de las personas independientemente de que los juicios correspondan o no correspondan a las cosas. De esta manera, se permite entrever que estos sistemas de creencias desvían al ser humano, al ciudadano común, de la realidad objetiva, lo que lo aleja de un verdadero pensamiento crítico.
Organisational learning in Serbia during the transition: The legacy of Bozidar Cerovic and his contribution to transition research
Authors: Aleksic-Miric Ana , Bogicevic-Milikic Biljana , Janicijevic Nebojsa
Published: November 2020

In this paper we address the issue of organisational learning in Serbia
during the transition, based extensively on the research work of Bozidar
Cerovic that was published in his conference papers, academic journals,
books, and edited volumes from the 1990s onwards, as well as in our joint
research. We delineate three generations of organisational learning in the
post-1989 transformation, which correspond to the transition periods
comprehensively analysed in Cerovic?s work. We discuss each of these
generations of organisational learning as characterised by the specific
learning context, shaded by macro-level determinants and distinctive
learning antecedents, nature, practices, and outcomes, and provide a
theoretical framework using institutional organisation theory to highlight
the specific issue of organisational learning in Serbia during the
transition of South-Eastern Europe.
Evaluation of volume change in oral cavity proper before and after mandibular advancement:
Authors: Rajkumar Balaji , Parameswaran Ratna , Parameswaran Anantanarayanan , Vijayalakshmi Devaki
Published: November 2020

Objectives

To evaluate the tongue and oral cavity proper volume in pre- and post-bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) patients, and to establish whether there was a correlation between them.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective study that evaluated 12 patients' pre- and post-surgical computed tomography records satisfying the inclusion criteria. Borders were defined for measurement of tongue and oral cavity proper volume. The volume assessment was carried out using 3D slice software.

Results

The mean difference of tongue volume was 5.7 ± 1.7 cm3, which showed high statistical significance. The mean difference of oral cavity proper volume (OCVP) was 6.9 ± 3.4 cm3 and indicated high statistical significance. A very strong positive correlation existed between pre- and post-surgical tongue volume. Positive correlation was also evident between pre and post - surgical OCVP. Medium positive correlation was noted when the difference between pre- and post-surgical tongue and OCVP were assessed.

Conclusions

There was a significant change in volume of tongue and oral cavity proper after BSSO advancement surgery. The space around the tongue, position of tongue, and maxillary and mandibular relationship influence the volume of tongue and oral cavity proper.
Intensive Risk Factor Management and Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial
Authors: Tang Yaling , Shah Hetal , Bueno Junior Carlos Roberto , Sun Xiuqin , Mitri Joanna , Sambataro Maria , Sambado Luisa , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Fonseca Vivian , Doria Alessandro , Pop-Busui Rodica
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

The effects of preventive interventions on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) remain unclear. We examined the effect of intensively treating traditional risk factors for CAN, including hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high cardiovascular risk participating in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

CAN was defined as heart rate variability indices below the fifth percentile of the normal distribution. Of 10,251 ACCORD participants, 71% (n = 7,275) had a CAN evaluation at study entry and at least once after randomization. The effects of intensive interventions on CAN were analyzed among these subjects through generalized linear mixed models.

RESULTS

As compared with standard intervention, intensive glucose treatment reduced CAN risk by 16% (odds ratio [OR] 0.84, 95% CI 0.75–0.94, P = 0.003)—an effect driven by individuals without cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63–0.85, P < 0.0001) rather than those with CVD (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.91–1.34, P = 0.34) (Pinteraction = 0.001). Intensive blood pressure (BP) intervention decreased CAN risk by 25% (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.63–0.89, P = 0.001), especially in patients ≥65 years old (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.88, P = 0.005) (Pinteraction = 0.05). Fenofibrate did not have a significant effect on CAN (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.78–1.07, P = 0.26).

CONCLUSIONS

These data confirm a beneficial effect of intensive glycemic therapy and demonstrate, for the first time, a similar benefit of intensive BP control on CAN in T2D. A negative CVD history identifies T2D patients who especially benefit from intensive glycemic control for CAN prevention.
ANALISIS MISKONSEPSI BUKU TEKS BIOLOGI SMA KELAS X MATERI EUBACTERIA DI KOTA KISARAN
Authors: Sihombing Riah Irawati , Daulae Abdul Hakim , Sari Dian Komala , Sihotang Hotmaria
Published: November 2020

This study aims to know if there were misconceptions or not in biology textbooks and the percentage ofeach category misconception of eubacteria in biology textbook for grade X senior high school based on curriculum2013 in Kisaran. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with content analysis approach. Textbooks whichanalyzed are biology textbooks for senior high school curriculum 2013 and used in Kisaran by using saturatedsampling technique. Identification of the misconception are divided into 5 categories namely undergeneralization,obsolete concept and terms, oversimplification, overgeneralization, and misidentification. The data obtaineddescriptively by calculating the frequency of each category. The results showed that misconceptions that was foundin the textbooks A and B. Misconceptions categories at the textbooks found out obsolete concept and terms,overgeneralization, and misidentification. In the textbook A was found on eubacteria.The percentage ofmisconception categories in textbook A on eubacteria was obsolote concept and terms 100%. In the textbook Bwas found on eubacteria. The percentage of misconception category in textbook B on eubacteria was obsoleteconcept and terms 33,33%, overgeneralization 33,33%, and misidentification 33,33%.Keywords: Misconception, Textbook, Eubacteria, Curriculum 2013
ANALISIS FAKTOR KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK SISTEM EKSKRESI MANUSIA KELAS XI MIA SMA NEGERI 16 MEDAN
Authors: Rahmayani Rahmayani , Sinambela Masdiana , Rosida Rosida
Published: November 2020

The objective of this research is to know the student’s learning difficulties in the material of SystemHuman's Excretion from indicator aspects and factors students learning difficulties on the System Human'sExcretion class XI MIA in SMA Negeri 16 Medan year learning 2016/2017. The research design used is descriptivequantitative. Samples was taken by Purposive Sampling which amounts 80 students. Data colletion techniquesused were test and questionnaire. The results of research showed that students were categorized as incomplete.Presentation of student learning difficulties on aspects of learning indicators that are indicators-1 of 52.81% in thecategory of very high difficulty, in indicator-2 of 55.41% in the very high difficulty category, in indicator -3 of 64% inthe category of very high difficulty, in indicator-4 of 52.25% in the category of very high difficulty, in indicator-5 of40.625% in high difficulty category, on indicator-6 of 50.41% is in the category of very high difficulty. The factorsthat cause student learning difficulties in studying the subject matter of human excretion system are health,student attention, interest, motivation, learning standard, subject matter, parent and school atmosphere,intelligence, teacher teaching method and media.Keywords: factor learning difficulties, learning Indicators, learning difficulties
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI BERBASIS SCIENTIFIC APPROACH DI SMA SWASTA UISU MEDAN TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Dalimunthe Gepi Dianisa , Amrizal Amrizal , Renova Sespin , Siregar Nina Ratna
Published: November 2020

This research aimed to know: (1) suitability  of plan of  learning was made by biology teacher with plan of  learning based of curicullum 2013; (2) suitability of the implementing of  biology learning based on scientific approach with the implementation plan of  learning; (3) implementing of learning experience of scientific approach in biology learning; (4) experience learning of scientific approach that is relatively difficult on the implementing of  scientific approach in biology learning; (5) Solution in solving obstacles of implementing learning experience of scientific approach in biology learning .Type of this research was  quantitative descriptive research. The population of this research was the biology teacher of class X and XI which amounted to 2 people and 111 students of class X and XI. Total sample were 2 teachers and 98 students. The research data was taken by observation, questionnaire, interview and documentation.The results showed that: (1) the suitability  of plan of  learning was made by biology teacher with plan of  learning of curicullum 2013 belonging to the category was good (87,63%); (2) the  suitability of the implementing of  biology learning biology learning based on scientific approach with the implementation plan of  learning belonging to the category was quite (74.51%); (3) the implementing of learning experience of scientific approach in biology learning by student overall  was less (48%) With the dominant learning experience was observed (81%) with forms of learning experience in the form of reading, listening, listening and seeing; (4) The learning experience of scientific approach not dominant was associate belonging to the category was less (7%); (5)  Solution to overcome obstacles are provides practice to students to solve problems and states the argument, use media in learning gives reward and provide the learning references to students; doing peer discussionsKeywords:  learning, learning experience, scientific approach.
ANALISIS SIKAP ILMIAH MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI PADA PERKULIAHAN ANATOMI TUMBUHAN DI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MEDAN ANGKATAN 2016
Authors: Sari Isdesy Nanda , Restuati Martina
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sikap ilmiah mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi meliputi sikap rasa ingin tahu, berpikiran terbuka dan kerjasama, sikap ketelitian, berpikir kritis, respek terhadap fakta/data, dan peka terhadap lingkungan pada mata kuliah Anatomi Tumbuhan dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan sikap ilmiah mahasiswa dari masing-masing kelas yang diteliti pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi angkatan 2016. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel diambil secara Random Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket mahasiswa. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sikap ilmiah mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi angkatan 2016 sebesar 77,78% dengan kategori baik. Indikator sikap ilmiah mahasiswa yang memiliki persentase tertinggi adalah peka terhadap lingkungan dengan kategori sangat baik. Sementara perbedaan sikap ilmiah mahasiswa pada masing-masing kelas Pendidikan Biologi dengan indikator sikap rasa ingin tahu sebesar 79,16% dimiliki oleh kelas Pendidikan Biologi Ekstensi A, indikator sikap respek terhadap data/fakta sebesar 83,48% dimiki oleh kelas Pendidikan Biologi C, indikator sikap berpikir kritis sebesar 80,72% dimiliki oleh kelas Pendidikan Biologi C, indikator sikap berpikiran terbuka dan kerjasama sebesar 83,98% dimiliki oleh kelas Pendidikan Biologi Ekstensi A, indikator sikap ketelitian sebesar 88,54% dimiliki oleh kelas Pendidikan Biologi A, dan indikator sikap peka terhadap lingkungan sebesar 88,70% dimiliki oleh kelas Pendidikan Biologi Ekstensi A. Secara umum sikap peka terhadap lingkungan sangat baik dibandingkan dengan sikap ilmiah lainnya yang perlu ditingkatkan.Kata Kunci: Sikap ilmiah, Analisis sikap ilmiah, Perkuliahan Anatomi Tumbuhan
THE INFLUENCE OF STUDENT LEARNING STYLE ON HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL (HOTS) OF CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION TOPIC
Authors: Pantas Ahmad Ali , Hasruddin H
Published: November 2020

This research aims to determine the relationship and contribution of visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning styles toward Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of cell structure and function topic in grade XI Science SMAN 1 Lubuk Pakam with academic year 2017/2018. The population for this research were all students in grade XI Science SMAN 1 Lubuk Pakam was 246 students with sample of research as many as 152 students. This research is an ex-post facto. The data was collected by using questionnaires with Likert scale for learning styles and multiple choices questions for HOTS of cell structure and function topic. Then, the data was analyzed by using linear regression. The results of this research showed that: (1) There was a positive influence and significant of visual learning style towards Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of students as evidenced by Fcount=11.016 with its contribution was 6.8%; (2) There was a positive influence and significant of auditory learning style towards Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of students as evidenced by Fcount=6.570 with its contribution was 4.2%; (3) There was a positive influence and significant of kinesthetic learning style towards Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) as evidenced by Fcount=4.464 with its contribution was 2.9% and (4) There was positive influence and significant of visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning style as together towards Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of students as evidenced by Fcount=8.061 with its contribution was 14%. Keywords: Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS),Learning Style
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STAD DAN DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBANTUAN MACROMEDIA FLASH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Syafriani Dewi , Br Bancin Siti Aminah
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine learning outcomes using the Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) model assisted with macromedia flash compared to Discovery Learning assisted with macromedia flash on the reaction rate material. The study population was all students of class XI MIPA MAN 3 Medan. The sampling technique in this study is simple random sampling. The selected sample is Class XI MIPA 1 as an experimental class I which is treated with a Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) model assisted by macromedia flash and Class XI MIPA 3 as an experimental class II which is treated with a Discovery Learning model assisted by macromedia flash. This study uses test instruments that have been tested and are valid. Student learning outcomes data are first tested for normality and homogeneity, where the results obtained by both groups of samples are homogeneous and normally distributed. Hypothesis testing uses the Independent Sample T-Test, with the results of the research obtained a significance value of 0.047. Thus, there are significant differences in student learning outcomes taught using the Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) model with Discovery Learning assisted by macromedia flash with a result of 14% using the STAD model better than Discovery Learning.Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Student Collaboration, Student Team  Achievement Divisions (STAD), Discovery Learning, Reaction Rate
ANALISIS NILAI MORAL YANG TERDAPAT PADA LAGU DAERAH JAMBI ORANG KAYO HITAM
Authors: Alirmansyah Alirmansyah , Ningtiasih Sri Wiliah , Alhadi Ahmad , Septiana Ratih , Pebriana Yohana Erika , Patimah Siti
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai moral pada lirik lagu daerah jambi Orang Kayo Hitam. Penelitian ini merupakan deskripsi kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah lagu daerah jambi Orang Kayo Hitam, sedangkan Objek penelitian ini adalah nilai moral yang terdapat dalah lirik lagu Oramg Kayo Hitam. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik simak dan teknik catat. Peneliti sebagai human instrument mencatat nilai-nilai moral yang terdapat pada lagu Orang Kayo Hitam. Dalam analisis data digunakan metode analisis  isi dan metode pembacaan semiotic dengan memahami makna-makna tersurat  (heuristik) dan tersirat (hermeneutik) dari lirik lagu dan hasil analisis data dipaparkan menggunakan metode informal. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa terdapat beberapa nilai moral dalam lirik lagu Orang Kayo Hitam karya H. Firdaus Chatab,  yaitu tidak ditemukan bentuk nilai moral yang terkandung dalam hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan, tiga bentuk nilai  moral yang terkandung dalam hubungan manusia dengan sesama, dan bentuk nilai moral yang terkandung dalam hubungan manusia dengan diri sendiri
IEEE Paper Based on E-Novels
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Global Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Chaudhary Neelakamal
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, the net plays an important role in people’s life. In the process of the improvement of the public’s living standards, public’s demands of the life’s quality and efficiency is higher, the traditional bookstores inconvenience gradually emerged, and the online bookstore has gradually been used in public. The online bookstore is a revolt in book industry. The old-style bookstores operative time, addresses and places are so much restricted, so the types of novels and books to be find found a degree of constraint. But the online bookstore ruined the management mode of outdated bookstore, as long as you have a computer, you can buy the book from anywhere, saving time and efforts, shortening the time of book selection link efficiently. The online bookstore system based on the standard of provides suitability and facility to people out there.
A Nobel Approach Towards Designing A Personalizing bot to Reduce Human Efforts
Authors:   GHRAET, Nagpur, Divedi Dhiraj R
Published: November 2020

A bot is “a computer program that completes automatic repetitive tasks.” To expand on this definition, bots also act as the primary tool for autosmating interactions and meeting with website content on a large scale.When thinking about bots, however, it’s important to maintain viewpoint. Bots are a software that are becoming easier to implement. They can serve a variety of purposes and what they ultimately accomplish is dependent on the humans that control them. With BOT, one gets to understand with the ability to connect with them on a level where they feel understood, listened to and accommodated.
La estructura que sostiene la vida: alimento e intercambio entre los kogi
Authors: Parra Witte Falk
Published: November 2020

Este artículo se centra en los «pagamentos» (zubiji) y las «confesiones» (aluna ishguashi) de los kogi, como prácticas de conocimiento que ilustran la naturaleza ecológica del intercambio en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Muestra cómo la reciprocidad es cuestión de alimento o nutrición y se enmarca en órdenes y asociaciones complejas semejantes a las composiciones andinas del cosmos, el territorio y la sociedad. En términos kogi, estos patrones no son simplemente formas de clasificación «analogistas», sino que constituyen una red o tejido de relaciones y flujos basados en la regulación del equilibrio ecológico como el mantenimiento de estructuras cosmológicas de soporte. Esta unidad equivale a un organismo vivo y pensante que genera y sostiene a todos los seres y cosas, a la vez que integra su forma y sustancia, su espíritu y su materia. De esta forma, el artículo arroja mayor luz sobre las dimensiones ontológicas de la región istmo-colombiana, y termina haciendo énfasis en su relevancia para entender los actuales problemas ambientales en torno a la Sierra Nevada.
Intercambio, cuidado y ser humano: chamanismo y el ritual haaihí jëeu nʌm entre los wounaan de Panamá
Authors: Velásquez Runk Julia
Published: November 2020

El trabajo etnográfico sobre los wounaan, a menudo agrupados erróneamente con los embera, ha puesto énfasis en el chamanismo. Hoy los wounaan consideran el ritual de suplicar al creador, haaihí jëeu nʌm, como el más importante. Combinando los estudios indígenas con la literatura sobre ontología sostengo que los rituales chamánicos y haaihí jëeu nʌm operan como un requisito del intercambio moral requerido entre los reinos de realidad humanos y no humanos. Basada en más de veinte años de investigación socioambiental con la aprobación de las autoridades y comunidades wounaan, utilizo las tradiciones orales y la observación participante. Muestro cómo los rituales son parte de intercambios que permiten cuidar el bienestar de los wounaan, otros seres y su entorno. El cuidado encarnado y experto es fundamental para los rituales y hace énfasis en nutrir a los antepasados, las personas, los espíritus y otros seres no humanos. Concluyo con un llamado a los wounaan para que exploren la complejidad sociolingüística de sus tradiciones orales y rituales con el fin de corregir las simplificaciones ontológicas.
Sistem Klasifikasi Penumpang Bus Trans Padang Berdasarkan Pakaian Menggunakan Metode Image Processing
Authors: Muhammad Raid Naufal  , Rahmi Eka Putri
Published: November 2020

Public transportation is one of the things that is often used by everyone. One type of public transportation that is often used in Indonesia is the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) or commonly known as the busway. The city of Padang, West Sumatra has a BRT to serve the community called the Trans Padang Bus. However, in this bus service there are still several shortcomings that make the bus service ineffective. The gate system which is still manual on this bus makes service slow and inefficient. By using a flap barrier gate that has an image processing system for suit passengers, the service on this bus will be more effective. Utilizing the Raspberry Pi and You Only Look Once (YOLO), this system can be made as efficient as possible for the place and use. Passengers who will enter will be immediately detected by the PIR sensor and the system will start with a camera that will take pictures of passenger clothes. The image will be processed using YOLO and the results of the process in the form of passenger categories and prices will be displayed on the LCD. The author uses YOLO and the Fast R-CNN algorithm to determine passenger categories. With this method, the test results show an average success percentage of 98.3%.
Analisis Faktor Penyebab Kesalahan Siswa dengan Kepribadian Introvert dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Tahapan Polya
Authors: Hartiningrum Esty Saraswati Nur , Utomo Edy Setiyo , Listyanti Nuraika Meyke
Published: November 2020

AbstractTeachers must know the errors and factors that cause errors made by students. Different personality types will also differ students' ways of thinking. The purpose of this research is to describe an errors and the factors that cause errors by introverted personality students. This type of research  is a qualitative study, the research subject is 1 Pancasila Middle School student chosen purposively. This research uses time triangulation. The results of this study is  the mistakes made by subjects based on Polya's procedure  the subjects make mistakes when arranging plans because they do not know the formulas used, because introvet subjects interpret them subjectively. The subject, made a mistake when carrying out the plan that resulted in the end result obtained wrongly because the subject forgot the calculation rules used. Making a mistake in the final stage of checking back due to the mindset of the subject who thinks based on objective data so that everything that he thinks is correct will be correct Keywords: Error Analysis, Introverted Personality, Solving Mathematica Problems, Polya Stages. AbstrakPendidik harus mengetahui letak kesalahan dan faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa. Tipe kepribadian yang berbeda akan berbeda pula cara berpikir siswa. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai letak kesalahan dan faktor penyebab kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa kepribadian introvert. Jenis penelitian yang dipilih peneliti adalah penelitian kualitatif, subjek penelitian 1 siswa SMP Pancasila yang dipilih secara purposive. Penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi waktu. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Letak kesalahan yang dilakukan subjek berdasarkan prosedur Polya yaitu subjek melakukan kesalahan saat mnyusun rencan karena tidak tahu rumus yang digunakan, karena subjek introvet memaknai secara subjectif. Subjek, melakukan kesalahan saat melaksanakan rencana yang mengakibatkan hasil akhir yang diperoleh salah yaitu dikarenakan subjek lupa aturan perhitungan yang digunakan. Melakukan kesalahan pada tahap akhir memeriksa kembali dikarenakan pola pikir subjek yang berfikir berdasarkan data objektif sehingga semua yang menurut pemikirannya benar maka akan benarKata kunci : Analisis Kesalahan, Kepribadian Introvert, Memecahkan Masalah Matematika, Tahapan Polya.
Assessing Efficacy of Emotional Regulation Techniques on Alexithymia among Students Who Suffer From Dyscalculia
Authors: Esmaiel Soleymani  , Mojtaba Habibi  , Mani B. Monajemi  , Esmaiel Soleymani
Published: November 2020

Background: Dyscalculia tends to debilitating for children with respect to their social interactions and learning process. Although it can cause so many problematic consequences in developmental stages of children, by implementing precise and in time therapeutic intervention, it can be mitigated. Current paper examines the efficacy of emotional regulation techniques among students who suffer from dyscalculia. Materials and Methods: This study was experimental study with pre-test and post-test and control group. Statistical Society of this study included all students (4th, 5th, 6th grader), who suffered from dyscalculia in Bileh town (Urumieh Province/Iran) during 2013-2014(N=76). This study consisted 34 students, who suffered from dyscalculia. These students were chosen via systematic random sampling. Data were collected using Raven IQ test, Shalev mathematical Test, Alexithymia Scale, Psychological wellbeing questionnaire. Regarding analyzing data, MANOVA was used. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance show that between case group and control, significant difference in components of alexithymia and psychological wellbeing were noticed. Hence, it can be inferred that emotional regulation strategies improves component of alexithymia and psychological well being of students with dyscalculia. Conclusion: According to results, teaching emotion regulation strategies to students considered to be effective in promoting awareness and positive attitudes. Thus, it is plausible that implementing these strategies tend to play major role as an intervention among students with dyscalculia.
Positive and Negative Peer Contagion In Relation To Quality of Friend and Friendship
Authors: Prerna  , Naved Iqbal  , Akash Kumar Mahato
Published: November 2020

Peer contagion describes a mutual influence process that occurs between an individual and a peer and includes behaviors and emotions that potentially undermine one’s own development or cause harm to others. The influence process often occurs outside of awareness; participants may not intend to influence their peers, but they engage in relationship behaviors that satisfy immediate needs for an audience or companionship, and these behaviors inadvertently influence themselves or others. It can be of two types positive and negative peer contagion. Negative peer contagion include- aggression where as positive would include altruistic behavior. Different ways to reduce peer contagion would that include evaluation of aggression, intervention strategies for youth. The present study conducted on 250 adolescents (age between 13 to15). Then on the basis of screening total number of 120 subjects were selected and divided into two equal groups of 60 subjects; each group had 30 low and 30 high quality of friendship group. They were selected from different schools of South Delhi. Tools used in the study are Aggression Questionnaire, Self-report altruistic scale (SRA), Quality of friendship questionnaire; Quality of friend (Interview schedule).The result suggested that there is no interaction between quality of friend and the quality of friendship in the positive peer contagion. But desirable friend and undesirable friend and high and low quality of friendship can distinguished on the positive peer contagion. On the negative peer contagion there is interaction between the quality of friendship and quality of friend and also high quality of friendship is highly related to it, also negative peer contagion is more related to undesirable friend.
Prevention, Treatment of Alcohol and Suicidal Behaviour of Commercial Sex Workers in Bengaluru: a Joint Venture of a Government Hospital and an NGO
Authors: Vaniprabha G. V  , S. G. Jadhav
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to explore the pattern of alcohol use, mode of suicide and extent of depression among 200 female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Bengaluru, India and use Karma yoga principles of Shrimad Bhagavad Gita as a tool for Cognitive Behaviour therapy (CBT) for a period of 6 weeks to maintain abstinence after a short detoxification programme of 2 weeks and lower their depression. A 3 month follow up indicated they had maintained abstinence for that period and had not attempted suicide also.
Attitudes towards Suicide among Medical and Paramedical Personnel
Authors: Dr. P. Krishna Mohan  , Dr. Sai Kiran Pasupula  , Dr. Kodali Madhavi
Published: November 2020

Background: There is an increase in the suicide rate by 43% in the last three decades (from 1975 to 2005). All the five States viz. Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Karnataka have registered consistently higher number of suicidal deaths during the last few years. Attitude plays a key role in preventing suicide and also providing quality care. Aim: To assess the attitude towards suicide among medical and paramedical personnel. Methodology: This study was carried out at Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation (Dr. PSIMS & RF). Medical professionals and paramedical personnel of our hospital were taken as study group and individuals from general population were taken as the control group. Suicidal attitude questionnaire was employed to measure attitude. Results: Positive attitude towards suicide was observed more among the medical professionals when compared to paramedical and control groups. Conclusion: Levels of attitude towards suicide is not similar for each individual and also differs in between the groups .Low levels of positive attitude among paramedical and control group indicates the need to increase awareness of suicide among the general population and paramedical group for prevention of suicides and to provide better care.
Individual Differences in Search for Meaning: The Role of Religion/Spirituality and Social Support-An Indian Perspective
Authors: Dr. Shweta Tandon  , Dr. Seema Mehrotra
Published: November 2020

Background: The diagnosis of cancer can shake the equanimity of the strongest individual and the onset of symptoms and eventual diagnosis are occasions for questions such as “Why me?”, “Why now?”, and “How did I get this illness?” Aims: The purpose of the present research on a sample of 103 recently diagnosed cancer patients was to investigate the extent of preoccupation with search for meaning, to document individual differences when one is confronted with a cancer diagnosis and to record changes if any in preoccupation during an interval of one month. Secondly to assess the role of religion/spirituality as well as social support in individual encounters with cancer by examining the effects of these two variables among individuals facing a common stressful situation. Lastly to examine relationship of search for meaning with psychological outcomes (anxiety, depression and quality of life). Results: The results indicated that individual differences did exist in the degree of preoccupation with “why me”, social support scores significantly differentiated between subgroups with different levels of preoccupation with “why me?” and that patients with highest engagement with “why me” had poorer quality of life and elevated distress levels. Conclusion: Findings highlighted the important role of meaning making issues and the need to address them in intervention. Secondly dialoguing with treating physicians regarding the important role of psychological variables and their relation to distress levels and quality of life.
Effect of Spiritual Counseling on Stress Level of College Going Students
Authors: Mrs. Aarti Kaiwart  , Mr. Manish Gupta  , Dr. Hemadri Sao  , Dr. Santosh Vishvakarma
Published: November 2020

Today Stress is a part of our daily life work. Stress free life is nearly impossible to all people. But management of stress can be life easeful to live. Spiritual counseling can be one of the best tools for stress management. This research explores the effectiveness of spiritual counseling on stress level among college going students. Two group pre-post designs were used on Sample of 50 (25 in experimental and 25 in control group) college students. They were selected by incidental sampling method from the various colleges of Chhattisgarh. The age of the subjects ranged from 18 to 22 years. The experimental group was regularly exposed to Therapeutic intervention for 45 days. During this intervention the researcher discussed the problems with students & suggested them with solution through the reference of “Amritwani” heard every day. Data were collected through the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by “Cohen”. For Statistical analysis of data “t-test.” Used. Results indicate highly significant effect of spiritual counseling on stress of college going students at 0.01 level of confidence.
Internet Addiction and its relationship with Emotional Intelligence and Perceived Stress experienced by Young Adults
Authors: Hemali Sanghvi  , Dr. Upagya Rai
Published: November 2020

The aim of this research was to assess Internet addiction and its relationship with Emotional Intelligence and Perceived stress among Young Adults in Bangalore. The study was conducted on a sample of 30 students from various universities across the city of Bangalore. Three scales were used for the purpose of the study, namely the Internet Addiction Test, the Emotional Intelligence Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was employed to study the correation between Internet Addiction and emotional intelligence and between Internet addiction and perceived stress. The results of the study indicated that there is no significant correlation between Internet addiction and emotional intelligence and there is no significant correlation between Internet addiction and perceived stress.
An Account of Rise and fall of Transformational Generative Grammar TGG: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Saleh Alduais
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To account for the rise and fall of transformational generative grammar (TGG). Method: The researcher followed a descriptive research approach where the presentation of this paper is totally based on previous studies accounting for TGG. Results: There were many reasons for the rise of TGG including: innovativeness of this approach, its presentation in relation to other fields like mathematics a logic, providing more reasonable answers for controversial issue in regard to language, etc.. On the other hand, there were many reason that have lead to the fall of this approach including: ambiguity resulting from integration with other fields, namely mathematics and logic, rise of sub-schools most importantly generative semantics, frequent modifications of the proposed theory, etc.. Conclusions: In spite of the fact that TGG was able to approach language innovatively but it seemed clearly to link human cognitive abilities to the proposed theory. More focus was based on the sentence level ignoring meaning and text.
Children Affected by Trauma in Conflict Areas and Need for School-based Psycho-social Intervention
Authors: Bilal Kaloo  , Tanveera Ali
Published: November 2020

An established fact is that in any armed conflict the bulk of the sufferers include women and children world-wide. The experience and exposure of children to violent incidents hampers their well being. Trauma caused by such violent incidents becomes threatening if not addressed properly and on timely basis. The role of family, community and other stake holders to relieve traumatized children in strengthening their coping mechanism is imperative. Teachers including school personnel usually develop trusting relationships with children and parents .Teachers may allocate time to deal with traumatic experiences, model the children’s responses, reinforce emerging coping skills and help children to resume normal life. Committed and trained teachers may turn out to be excellent mediators to provide mental health relief to large groups of children affected by trauma. This literature review analyses the importance and effectiveness of teacher-mediated psychosocial preventive interventions among children traumatized in the context of armed conflicts (war, military violence, and terrorism). Each child reacts differently to the impact of armed conflict. Their response depends on their age, gender, personality type, personal and family history, cultural background and experience, as well as on the nature and duration of the event. Stress can reveal itself in a wide range of symptoms, including increased separation anxiety, developmental delays, sleep disturbances, nightmares, flashbacks, decreased appetite, withdrawn behavior, and a lack of interest in play. Younger children can have learning difficulties; older children and adolescents can show anxious or aggressive behavior and depression. Parents, teachers and community networks must be mobilized to provide the continuity, trust and stability children need for recovery. This paper explains how important is the teacher mediated intervention in reaching out to children affected by trauma in conflict situations. Methodologically: Apart from the related literature review, the paper contains inferences from authors experience while working as mental health counselor in Kashmir, India.
Coercive Interventions
Authors: Dr. Meghamala.S.Tavaragi
Published: November 2020

Coercion is threat of actions which compels the patient to behave in a manner inconsistent with his own wishes. Coercion is inevitable in psychiatric practices. Various coercive techniques are chemical and physical restraints, seclusion and isolation. This chapter deals with various types of coercive interventions. When and how to use coercive techniques and for what duration it is to be used and permitted. It mentions what safety measures to be used in crisis situation and how coercion can be minimised in psychiatric care.
Hope, Optimism and Its Relation to Suicidal Ideation among University Students
Authors: Rajkumar E.  , Vishwanatha B N.  , Hemilnath. E G
Published: November 2020

Suicide is very important issue around the world. In India, adolescent suicide constituted 17% of the overall reported suicide cases in the world. Suicidal behavior and ideation among adolescents exhorts considerable attention. Variety of factors has been linked to suicidal ideation, only few studies have examined role of hope and optimism among adolescents population. This study intended to examine the relationship between hope and optimism and suicidal ideation among university students. The study adopted correlation design with the independent variable being hope, optimism and dependent variables suicidal ideation. The sample was drawn from the adolescents aged between 18 to 23 years from central university of Karnataka. Gulbarga. The sample consisted of 70 adolescent students. Convenient sampling technique method was used to select the participants. The results indicated there is no statistically significant relationship between hope and suicidal ideation. There is a statistically significant negative between Optimism and suicidal ideation.
Personality Based On Colour Preferences and Its Relationship with Achievement Motivation
Authors: Athilakshmi. R  , Cynthia Deb  , Maharishi  , Ganesh Kumar  , Maya Ratnasabapathy
Published: November 2020

The primary objective of this investigation was to find out if there existed any relationship between the personality traits of people classified on the basis of their colour preferences and their respective achievement motivation. The study sample consisted of 110 college students (57 males and 53 females) randomly selected from diverse backgrounds within the age group of 18-22 years. The research instruments used were “True Colours Personality Test” by Don Lowry to measure the difference in personality traits and the 14 item short form of Ray Achievement Motivation Scale by J. J. Ray to measure the level of Achievement Motivation. The subjects filled both the questionnaires which were then evaluated and analysed by using SPSS. It was found that subjects classified in the Green category with cool, calm, collective and logical outlook have significantly positive correlate with levels of Achievement Motivation and the Orange and Blue colour category possessing characteristics like enthusiasm, spirituality, effective communication skills, imaginative, peace loving and flexibility had a impact but not in a significant level on their Achievement Motivation, whereas those classified in Gold have a negative Pearson’s Correlation coefficient indicating that the two parameters considered are inversely related. This could be attributed It is to the traits like lack of order, Dependable, Sensible and Anxious. The results and conclusions drawn from this investigation suggest that it can be applicable for a wider spectrum of the population.
The Association between Depression and Suicidal Ideation among Postgraduate University Students
Authors: Dr. Satyananda Panda
Published: November 2020

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in university students and is often associated with depression. This study examined the associations between depression and suicidal ideation among male and female postgraduate university students. This study utilized a survey using simple random sampling methodology involving 60 respondents (30 male and 30 female) chosen at random from different streams of Sikkim University, India. The participants were assessed by using Beck Suicidal Ideation (BSI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).The data were analysed by using mean, standard deviation and descriptive statistics –Pearson method of correlation and non-parametric statistics like t-test. The findings indicated that suicidal ideation was negatively associated with depression, and no significant gender difference was found on depression. Reviewed research revealed similar suicidal risk factors for males and females. However, the prevalence and strength of prediction of certain risk factors were found to vary gender-specifically. These findings support the utility of gender-sensitive suicide assessment, prevention and intervention strategies. It was recommended that suicide prevention programs, counselling centers, and psychology clinics on university campus should include suicide attitudes such as depression, anxiety, and stress in their assessment and identification of individuals who may be at risk for engaging in suicide behaviour.
Metacognitive Awareness of Undergraduate Students in Relation to their Academic Achievement
Authors: Dr. Neena Sawhney  , Dr. Sneh Bansal
Published: November 2020

Metacognition is an individual’s knowledge of their own cognitive processes and their ability to control these processes by organizing, monitoring and modifying them as a function of learning. Students who succeed academically often rely on being able to think effectively and independently in order to take charge of their learning. These students have mastered fundamental but crucial skills such as keeping their workspace organized, completing tasks on schedule, making a plan for learning, monitoring their learning path, and recognizing when it might be useful to change course. Learning cognitive and metacognitive strategies offers students the tools to “drive their brains.” Being metacognitive can be likened to being more conscious, reflective, and aware of one’s progress along the learning path. The present study was undertaken to find out the relationship between metacognitive awareness and academic achievement of undergraduate students. The sample of the study comprised of 100 undergraduate students from various colleges of Chandigarh. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) by Schraw & Dennison (1994) was used to measure the metacognitive awareness. The findings revealed a significant difference in academic achievement of undergraduate students with high and low scores in metacognitive awareness.