bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acetabular Coverage May Affect Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation of Focal Femoral Head Lesions: A Case Series From a Single Institution
Authors: Mundluru Surya N. , Podeszwa David , Peck Jeffrey , Sucato Dan , Johnston Charlie , Kim Harry , Wilson Philip , Ellis Henry
Published: October 2021

Osteochondral lesions of the femoral head in young people are rare and present unique management challenges. Optimal treatment for these lesions is unclear.

From 2009 to 2016, clinical and radiographic outcomes were prospectively collected within a series of symptomatic focal osteochondral lesions of the femoral head with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. A surgical hip dislocation followed by implantation of a size-matched fresh osteochondral femoral head allograft was performed. Nine hips in eight patients (6 female patients) underwent surgery at an average of 17 years (11 to 21 years). Individual allograft sizes ranged from 10 to 35 mm in diameter; with 2 of 9 hips receiving two allografts in a stacked or mosaicplasty technique at the time of treatment. The average graft implantation was 3536.5 mm2. Modified Harris hip scores improved by 13.4 (P = 0.018) from preoperative to final follow-up for all patients.

Significant improvements in internal rotation (12° versus 23°, P = 0.011), external rotation (32° versus 50°, P = 0.041), and abduction (28° versus 40°, P = 0.042) were also achieved. Three patients (four hips) demonstrated poor radiographic healing (<50% incorporation at 2 years), which correlated with worse clinical outcomes and was associated with a lower preoperative lateral center edge angle (21.5° versus 30.4°, P = 0.049).

Fresh osteochondral allograft treatment is a good option for focal osteochondral lesions of the femoral head with improved outcomes and motion; however, higher failure rates may be seen in those with a lower center edge angle.
Aceptabilidad de galletas enriquecidas con hierro en diferentes concentraciones de harina de macroalga (Chondracanthus chamissoi - Yuyo)
Authors: Méndez Ancca Sheda , Castro Arata Daphne H. , Llamoca Domínguez Edwin , Condori Apaza Renée Mauricio , Maron Llanos Henry Paul
Published: October 2021

Las macroalgas como el yuyo Chondracanthus chamissoi, tienen un elevado contenido de macro y micronutrientes, por ello deben considerarse su adición en los alimentos para elevar el nivel nutricional de los mismos. El objetivo consistió en determinar la concentración óptima o adecuada para la aceptabilidad de las galletas enriquecidas, elaboradas con tres concentraciones diferentes de harina de alga marina C. chamissoi yuyo del 3,4%, 6,28 % y 9,13% y harina de maíz (Zea mays), harina de cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule), harina de trigo (Triticum aestivum), evaluando el grado de aceptabilidad que fue determinado por 39 panelistas y la composición nutricional. En el proceso de elaboración de la galleta enriquecida, los resultados demostraron que la formulación con la adición del 6,28 % de harina de alga yuyo, presentaron una mayor aceptabilidad entre los panelistas. Presentando los siguientes indicadores organolépticos; olor (3,74), color (3,54). sabor (4,10), textura (3,97) para una escala hedónica de 5 puntos. Lo que indica que, al utilizar la harina de C. chamissoi yuyo, no interfiere en las características sensoriales finales.
Kebijakan Kepala Sekolah untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ilham Ilham
Published: October 2021

Kepala sekolah dituntut untuk memahami peran apa yang harus dijalankannya, apakah sebagai educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator, atau motivator. Dengan mengetahui dan menjalankan dengan benar peran kepemimpinan tersebut, maka kepala sekolah akan mampu memimpin lembaga yang dipimpinnya dengan baik. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan kebijakan yang dilakukan kepala sekolah dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, kemudian menganalisisnya dengan bukti kebenaran data yang ada, Dalam lembaga pendidikan, Kepala sekolah sebagai seseorang yang telah diberi wewenang untuk memimpin suatu lembaga pendidikan dan harus bertanggung jawab secara penuh terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan sekolah yang berada di bawah pemimpinnya. Maju mundurnya suatu lembaga pendidikan itu banyak di pengaruhi oleh kepala sekolah, termasuk juga masalah peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di sekolah adanya program-program pendidikan di sekolah guru dengan menigkatkan kedisiplinan guru, meningkatkan pengetahuan, dan Pembinaan pelatihan kinerja guru di samping itu juga upaya meningkatkan mutu adanya siswa dengan memberikan  bimbingan, serta tersedianya sarana prasarana guna mendukung proses pembelajaran dan dan adanya kerja sama dengan wali murid.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Membaca Puisi dengan Teknik Skema pada Siswa SMP Kelas VIII
Authors: Taufik Taufik , Andang Andang
Published: October 2021

Peneltian ini medeskripsikan tentang efektivitas pembelajaran dalam membaca puisi dengan menggunakan teknik Skema. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam pennelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantintatif. Adapun Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes  dan angket, sedangkan teknik analisis datanya menggunakan rumus analisis regresi linear sederhana dan pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan rumus uji T. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa nilai a (kostanta) sebesar 0,856, nilai b (koefisien) sebesar 1,002, jadi Y = a+bx yaitu Y=0,856 + 1,002X. Yang berarti terdapat efektifitas yang positif dan signifikan antara pembelajaran membaca puisi dengan menggunakan teknik skema, kemudiian dilanjutkan dengan analisis hubungan korelasi antara pembelajaran membaca puisi dengan teknik skema menunjukan nilai rxy sebesar 0,926. Dilanjutkan dengan analisis koefiesien determinasi menunjukan nilai sebesar 85,74 dan dilakukan pengujian hipotesis dengan uji T menunjukan nilai Thitung = 12,24 dibandingkan dengan harga Ttabel dengan df = 27, pada taraf 5% diperoleh Ttabel = 1,703. Jadi Fhitung  > Ftabel Ha di terima dan Ho di tolak. Simpulanya adalah ada efektivitas yang positif dan signifikan antara membaca puisi dengan menggunakan teknik skema di SMP Negeri 3 Dompu.
Sikap Perempuan dalam Kumpulan Cerpen pada karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim dengan Kajian Feminisme dan Implementasinya dalam Pembelajaran sastra di SMA
Authors: Yulianti Eka , Sugerman Sugerman , Suryaningsih Lili
Published: October 2021

Sikap perempuan  dalam karya sastra bisa berarti apa saja. Keberadaan sosok perempuan di dalam karya sastra tidak hanya sebagai pelengkap sebuah cerita melainkan sebagai tokoh sentral dari sebuah karya sastra. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan unsur intrinsik dalam kumpulan cerpen karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim, (2) mendeskripsikan sikap perempuan dalam kumpulan cerita pendek karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim dengan kajian feminisme, (3) Mendiskripsikan implementasi kumpulan cerita pendek karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim  sebagai bahan ajar sastra di SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Objek yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah sikap perempuan yang ada pada kumpulan cerita pendek  karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim. Sumber data yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu kumpulan cerita pendek karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim. Teknik pengumpulan data, yakni menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, baca, dan catat . Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah mengumpulkan data berupa tiga cerpen Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim, reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) unsur intrinsik ketiga cerpen Ratna Indraswari dilihat dari kepaduan dan tema cerita. (2) kajian feminisme atau sikap permpuan yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerpen karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim. (3) implementasinya dalam bentuk Bahan Ajar, RPP dan silabus pembelajaran sastra di SMA kelas XI.
Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Mebel Samawa di Kandai 2 Kecamatan Woja
Authors: Suhaety Yeye , Mulyati Mulyati , Fadillah Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan usaha yang tepat untuk diterapkan  pada mebel samawa di kandai 2 kecamatan woja. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis SWOT yang dimana terdiri dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal, adapun faktor internal terdiri dari kekuatan (strength) dan kelemahan (weakness) sedangkan faktor eksternal terdiri dari peluang (opportunities) dan kelemahan (threats) yang memiliki nilai tersendiri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa faktor-faktor pengembangan usaha Mebel Samawa yang terdiri dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. adapun faktor internal memiliki total nilai sebesar 3,7 dengan skor kekuatan 2,4 dan skor kelemahan 1,3. Sedangkan untuk faktor eksternal memiliki total nilai sebesar 3,1 dengan skor peluang 1,6 dan skor ancaman 1,5. setelah melakukan analisis data dengan menggunakan tehknik analisis SWOT,  maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa alternatif strategi yang digunakan untuk pengembangan usaha mebel Samawa yaitu dengan menggunakan strategi SO, dimana strategi tersebut berada pada kuadran I yang menunjukkan bahwa posisi tersebut sangat baik   untuk perkembangan usaha mebel samawa kedepannya, Sehingga usaha Mebel samawa dapat menciptakan strategi yang menggunakan kekuatan yang dimiliki untuk memanfaatkan peluang yang ada untuk kebelangsungan jalannya usaha.
Análise da relação entre responsabilidade social corporativa e governança corporativa na empresa brasileira
Authors: Crisóstomo Vicente Lima , Vasconcelos Victor Daniel , Carneiro Célia Maria Braga
Published: October 2021

O enfoque Stakeholder preconiza que as empresas devem adotar uma política de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC) abrangendo a atenção a seu amplo espectro de stakeholders. Cada vez mais, empresas estão sendo mais demandadas por adequadas práticas socioambientais por seus stakeholders. A relevância dada à adoção de boas práticas de Governança Corporativa é vista como importante na relação entre empresa e mercado ao contribuir para um comportamento mais ético da empresa. Este comportamento mais ético pode se converter em melhor observância a bons princípios de conduta que podem contribuir para favorecer a RSC da empresa. Este trabalho objetiva avaliar o efeito da Governança Corporativa sobre a RSC da empresa brasileira. Para uma amostra de 1.965 observações anuais de 303 empresas listadas na B3 estimou-se modelos por regressão Logit e procedeu-se a testes de comparação de proporções. Os resultados mostram uma tendência de influência favorável da qualidade da governança corporativa sobre a RSC no Brasil. Este achado indica que uma melhor governança corporativa da empresa induz a mesma a um melhor padrão de RSC. A adoção de melhores práticas de governança corporativa parece ser, de fato, um fator que contribui para a implantação de uma melhor política de RSC. Isto significa que, ao atentar para a boa gestão, controle e comportamento ético, a empresa também está atentando para o melhor relacionamento com o seu amplo conjunto de stakeholders como também com meio ambiente.
ANALISIS PRODUK PELEK MOTOR TIPE CAST WHEEL BERBAHAN PADUAN ALUMUNIUM
Authors: Trimulya Chandra Teguh , Cholis Nur , Wahyuni Fitri
Published: October 2021

Motorcycle rim is a very important component in vehicles where motorcycle rim is a component that is directly confused with the highway. In the aspect of safety rim is also very important and very calculated in the manufacturing process, the use of high-quality raw materials is very necessary in the manufacture of motorcycle rims. Nowadays, cast wheel rims are very popular among consumers because cast wheel rims have a sportier design compared to spokes. In this research, the design of cast wheels with spoke wheels numbered 5 and 6 with a given impact speed variation of 10km/h, 15km/h and 20km/h. then the rim material used uses aluminum alloy 6061-T6 and the projectile material uses aluminum alloy 6061-T0. The rim that is designed has a diameter of 433.3 mm and a width of 68 mm to make it easier to design a cast wheel rim using software based on the finite element method, by using this software we can design or design a material so that we can know the stress and strain that occurs when simulating an impact on the inter-spoke plane
HOW EMOTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY HELPS TO MEDIATE SERVICE QUALITY AND THE ONLINE BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF GARMENTS AND CLOTHING PRODUCTS IN INDONESIA?
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Sunarti Sunarti , Valentino Fandy , Wahyudi Rizqi
Published: October 2021

This research study tried to examine the Indonesian customer’s online buying experience by considering the service quality of Indonesia's online garments and clothing industry along-with the mediating effect of customer’s emotional psychology as well as the moderating role demographic features of customer like age and marital status. The population includes all garments and clothing brands giving online purchase service to their customer. We randomly shared an online self-administrative questionnaire to 600 Indonesian customers who had purchased garments and clothing through different online platforms over the last 3 months and then only got 523 valid responses. We applied Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method and estimated using SPSS and Smart-PLS. Our results revealed that the customer online buying is strongly augmented by web-based as well as customer-based characteristics of service quality of online garments and clothing stores. The demographic factors like age and marital status did not significant at all but influenced the customer’s online buying decision. All demographic effect reports weak support for enhancing online buying by customers. The mediation effect of emotional psychology in the form of positive and negative psychology enhancing the online buying decision of customers in Indonesia. The management and policymakers of garments and clothing stores offering online services are advised to consider the web-based and customer-based factors coupled with customer’s emotional psychology to improve the buying experience of online customers. The demographic factors like gender, age, and income level of customers did not matter for policymaking.
Converging Andragogy With Working Adult Professionalism in Initial Teacher Preparation
Authors: Anderson Michelle , Boutelier Stefani
Published: October 2021

Educator Preparation Programs (EPPs) are tasked with providing preservice teachers with pedagogical theory, practical field experiences, mentorship, and scaffolded professional dispositions during critical phases of their preparation. In addition, EPPs collaborate with school districts and state departments of education to address critical issues in the field, including teacher retention and shortages. Our research explores how one EPP pilot, designed to build upon experience, supported working adult education students (e.g., parapros) seeking initial teacher certification. We sought to understand how adult teacher candidates engaged in professional learning and emergent professional relationships. Our qualitative study examined the experience of the first cohort of a 3-year pilot program. Using andragogy as a conceptual framework and paired with Danielson Evaluation Dispositions to expand on this professionalism, the data expanded on these professional dispositions through a thematic network analysis. Emerging from this analysis and through an andragogical lens, cohort members exhibited key traits associated with adult learners, including application of skills, flexibility, identification of growth, and relationship building. Our research concluded with implications for EPPs and suggestions for further research for programs at the intersections of andragogy and initial teacher certification.
The Evident Need for Banking Reform in the Legal Marijuana Industry
Authors: James Jonathan T. , Tippins Steven C.
Published: October 2021

Marijuana reform legislation has created a lucrative industry for legal marijuana on the local and state level in some jurisdictions. Federal laws have forced legal marijuana dispensaries to be cash-only businesses with limited banking options. The lack of normal banking services has also affected firms’ ability to manage profits earned from operations. Our hermeneutic phenomenological study was grounded by the conceptual framework of the motivations of humans and humans’ need to feel safe. The participants in this study were owners and operators in the legal marijuana industry in Colorado. Data were collected through interviews, although the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic of 2020 made data collection more challenging because of the added pressure on potential participants. The data analysis plan for this study consisted of transcribing and reviewing the data, coding themes and supporting themes, and synthesizing and reporting findings from the data collected. The study’s findings included the participants’ concerns about safety in their cash-only operations, their methods for conducting business, and the banking options available to them. Common themes that emerged from the interviews were cash, banking, safety, and the limitations of business size. Findings from my study contribute to fostering positive social change on the organization and industry level by providing accounts of how owners and operators navigate the banking dilemma in the legal marijuana industry.
Feasibility Study and Design of In-Road Electric Vehicle Charging Technologies
Authors: Konstantinou Theodora , Haddad Diala , Prasad Akhil , Wright Ethan , Gkritza Konstantina , Aliprantis Dionysios , Pekarek Steven , Haddock John E.
Published: October 2021

Electric Roadways (ERs) or Dynamic Wireless Charging (DWC) lanes offer an alternative dynamic and wireless charging method that has the potential of giving electric vehicles (EV) limitless range while they are moving. Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) are expected to be early adopters of the DWC technology due to the higher benefits offered to these vehicles that are traveling on fixed routes. The goal of this project was to assess the feasibility of ERs in Indiana and design a test bed for in-road EV charging technologies. The most suitable locations for implementing DWC lanes were identified on interstates that are characterized by high truck traffic. Using I-65 S as a case study, it was found that DWC can be economically feasible for the developer and competitive for the EV owner at high and medium future projections of EV market penetration levels. However, the existing substations are unlikely to serve future DWC needs for HDVs. Thus, consideration should be given to substation expansion to support EVs as market penetration expands. Implementing the DWC technology on interstates and jointly with major pavement preservation activities is recommended. Large scale deployment can significantly reduce the high initial investment. Renewable energy resources (solar and wind) deployed in the vicinity of ERs can reduce the electricity costs and associated greenhouse gas emissions.
Hochrisikomedizinprodukte im Krankenhaus: Plädoyer für eine solidarische und rationale Innovationssteuerung
Authors: Bertram Nick , Dettloff Matthias
Published: October 2021

Mit Einführung des §137h SGB V erhielt der G-BA 2015 im stationären Sektor erstmals einen frühen Nutzenbewertungsauftrag für Methoden mit Hochrisikomedizinprodukten. Dessen ursprünglich intendiertes Ziel Patientenschutz wurde durch nachfolgende Reformen immer weiter verwässert und Richtung unkritischer Innovationsförderung zu GKV-Lasten umgedeutet. Anhand eines aktuellen Beispiels wird dies im Folgenden kritisch erörtert, um darauf aufbauend Empfehlungen zu einer erforderlichen Reform des §137h zu geben.
Nudging, Umweltschutz und Recht
Authors: Ekardt Felix
Published: October 2021

This article analyses nudging from the perspective of liberal democratic theory of law. On the level of constitutional law, nudging is criticised for being paternalistic. At second thought, many forms of nudging are in contrast not paternalistic, because they do not protect individuals from themselves, but others from negative effects of the actions of an individual. Especially in environmental policies, nudging therefore proves to be legitimate. However, nudging might not be as effective as a policy instrument for environmental issues, as many hope. Even though this article shows interesting possible examples of nudging, it also argues why the effect of nudging as a main policy instrument in solving environmental problems will be limited.
Künstliche Intelligenz und Strafzumessung
Authors: Kohn Benedikt
Published: October 2021

Large regional differences in sentencing are a long-known problem in Germany. In his work, the author examines whether and how Artificial Intelligence can be used to achieve an improvement. In doing so, he first embarks on a journey to other countries in Europe and the world where technical support is already in use in the field of justice and discusses constitutional and practical questions regarding its use in Germany. He then presents possible applications of Artificial Intelligence in German sentencing law and specifies concrete requirements for the implementation of such a project.
Reasons for Requesting a CT Scan and Amount of Radiation Exposure in Hospitalized Children, the Issue Needs Attention
Authors: Kiani Alireza , Barati Leila , Gharib MohammadHadi , Vakili Mohammadali , Kompani Farshid , Khajavi Azaleh
Published: October 2021

Background: Computerized Tomographic (CT) scan is a rapid, non-invasive, and common diagnostic modality in radiology. More and faster growth of cells, as well as longer lifespan of a child, may lead to a cumulative effect of radiation and a greater chance of mutation, especially in children who are more vulnerable. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the current trend in the use of this modality. Methods: In this descriptive study, all cases of children admitted to Taleghani Hospital who were studied by CT scan during the years 2018 - 2019, entered in survey. Demographic information, anatomical location of the scan, findings from the CT scan report, initial and final diagnosis, number of scans, patient’s complaint that led to his hospitalization and total amount of radiation received by the patient were analyzed. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 with descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, and mean and standard deviation). Results: In this study, 344 scans of 280 patients were reviewed. Out of 280 patients, 222 patients underwent scan of one, 55 patients of two and four patients of three different anatomical locations. There were 146 male patients (52.1%) with a mean age of 57.7 months and 134 female patients (47.9%) with a mean age of 54.7 months. Out of all scans, the brain constituted 43.6%, chest 30.52%, and other areas 25%. The CT scan was performed at the request of the physician in charge. Pneumonia (19%) followed by convulsion (17%) and febrile seizures (12%) were the most common final diagnoses. The number of completely normal CT scans was 151 (44.2%), with brain scans having the highest frequency of normal scans with 74.19%. Brain scans with an average of 358.66 milliGray.centimeter (mGy.cm) and a maximum of 995.30 mGy.cm had the highest average absorbed dose. Conclusions: In this study, the rate of normal CT scans was relatively high and the range of radiation exposure available for each modality was significantly wide. Effective interventions must be made in this regard.
Pectotibialis paghmanensis Tshernyshev gen. nov. – a new genus and species of soft-winged flower beetle (Coleoptera, Cleroidea, Malachiidae) from Afghanistan
Authors: Tshernyshev Sergei E.
Published: October 2021

A new genus with a new species of soft-winged flower beetle, Pectotibialis paghmanensis Tshernyshev gen. et sp. nov. are described from Afghanistan. The new genus can be distinguished from the congeners of the tribe Apalochrini by the dark pectination in the apices of tibiae in both sexes, and the anterior tibiae which are hollowed at distal half, flattened and rounded femora, bituberculate basal parts of head and pronotum, two lamellate metathoracic appendages, tarsal comb above second tarsomere of anterior legs, and serrate antennae in the male. Based on the metathoracic appendages and comb in anterior legs would attribute this new species to the new genus Dromanthomorphus Pic, 1921, but all the other above-mentioned characters define its independent status and the designation of a new genus; Pectotibialis Tshernyshev gen. nov. The external appearance, special male characters and genitalia of the type species of the new genus are illustrated, and a distribution map is provided. A key to the Apalochrus-section of the tribe Apalochrini is provided.
Endoscopic Management of Anastomotic Leakage after Esophageal Surgery: Ten Year Analysis in a Tertiary University Center
Authors: El-Sourani Nader , Miftode Sorin , Bockhorn Maximilian , Arlt Alexander , Meinhardt Christian
Published: October 2021

Background/Aims: Anastomotic leakage after esophageal surgery remains a feared complication. During the last decade, management of this complication changed from surgical revision to a more conservative and endoscopic approach. However, the treatment remains controversial as the indications for conservative, endoscopic, and surgical approaches remain non-standardized.Methods: Between 2010 and 2020, all patients who underwent Ivor Lewis esophagectomy for underlying malignancy were included in this study. The data of 28 patients diagnosed with anastomotic leak were further analyzed.Results: Among 141 patients who underwent resection, 28 (19.9%) developed an anastomotic leak, eight (28.6%) of whom died. Thirteen patients were treated with endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT), seven patients with self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) four patients with primary surgery, one patient with a hemoclip, and three patients were treated conservatively. EVT achieved closure in 92.3% of the patients with a large defect and no EVT-related complications. SEMS therapy was successful in clinically stable patients with small defect sizes.Conclusions: EVT can be successfully applied in the treatment of anastomotic leakage in critically ill patients, while SEMS should be limited to clinically stable patients with a small defect size. Surgery is only warranted in patients with sepsis with graft necrosis.
Behavioural diversity as a potential welfare indicator for professionally managed chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Exploring variations in calculating diversity using species-specific behaviours
Authors: Hall K , Bryant J , Staley M , Whitham JC , Miller LJ
Published: October 2021

Behavioural diversity may serve as a positive indicator of animal welfare that can be applied in long-term monitoring schemes in managed settings (eg zoos, laboratories, farms). Behavioural diversity is often higher when animals live in stimulating environments and experience positive events. Unfortunately, welfare researchers have not adopted consistent, standardised approaches to measuring behavioural diversity. The goal of this exploratory study was to utilise data from 41 adult chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) housed across 16 zoological institutions to examine various models of Shannon's Diversity Index. Specifically, we investigated the impact of: combining versus splitting behaviours, including only positive behaviours, including human interaction, and considering recipient behaviours. We evaluate how the inclusion or exclusion of different behaviours impacts the relationship of behavioural diversity with: (i) concentrations of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (GCM), a common indicator of adrenal activity; (ii) concentrations of immunoglobulin-A (IgA), an indicator of immune function and potential indicator of positive welfare; and (iii) stereotypic behaviour, a validated indicator of poor welfare. Most indices had significant negative relationships with faecal GCM. Animals that express a variety of behaviours from their species-typical repertoire have lower average faecal GCM concentrations and are likely experiencing better welfare. We did not find significant relationships between the behavioural diversity indices and IgA concentrations. Two indices were inversely associated with stereotypic behaviour. Our findings provide additional support for using Shannon's Diversity Index to calculate behavioural diversity as a robust, valid measure of positive welfare. However, future publications must justify the process for including or excluding behaviours from calculations.
Attitudes towards animals and belief in animal mind among first-year veterinary students before and after an introductory animal welfare course
Authors: Robbins JA , Danielson JA , Johnson AK , Parsons RL , Jorgensen MW , Millman ST
Published: October 2021

Veterinarians are increasingly looked to for guidance on matters relating to animal welfare, yet little is known about US veterinary students’ attitudes and beliefs about animals. In 2019, we surveyed all first-year veterinary students at a major US veterinary college (n = 123) before and after taking a required one-credit introductory animal welfare course. Attitudes were measured using the Pests, Pets and Profit (PPP) scale and belief in animal mind (BAM) was measured using anad hocmeasure adapted from previous work. Pre- and post-course comparisons indicated the introductory animal welfare course had no immediate effect on veterinary students’ attitudes or BAM. Veterinary students’ attitudes were most positive for animals considered pets, followed by pests and those used for profit. Students believed most species possess a wide variety of mental capacities, including many secondary emotions often considered uniquely human (eg guilt, embarrassment, jealousy). Sociodemographic variables consistently associated with more positive attitudes towards animals were: female gender, vegetarianism and liberal political ideology. Preferring a career involving large or food animal practice was consistently associated with less positive attitudes towards animals. Belief in animal mind explained 3% of the variation in attitude scores, whereas sociodemographic variables explained 49% of variation in attitude scores. Female gender, vegetarianism and preferring small (vs large or food animal practice) were all associated with greater BAM scores. Understanding veterinary student attitudes towards animals and beliefs about the mental capacities of animals is important when evaluating a veterinarian's ability to adhere to their oath.
An examination of nest-building behaviour using five different nesting materials in C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice
Authors: Obermueller B , Castellani C , Till H , Reininger-Gutmann B , Singer G
Published: October 2021

The aim of our study was to assess the nest-building behaviour of two mouse (Mus musculus) strains using different nesting materials and examine possible sex- and housing-specific effects. Adult mice of two strains (C57BL/6J; n = 64 and BALB/cAnNCrl; n = 99) were randomly allocated to the following housing groups: single-housed male, single-housed female, pair-housed male and pair-housed female. One of the following nest-building materials was placed in each home-cage in a random order: nestlets (Plexx BV, The Netherlands), cocoons (Carfil, Belgium), wooden wool, crinklets and compact (all three, Safe, Germany). The following day, nests were rated applying a nest-scoring scale ranging from 0 to 10, the nests were removed, and a different nest-building material provided. In both tested strains, nestlets achieved the highest nest-building scores when compared to the other four nest-building materials. All nest-building materials scored higher in BALB/c mice compared to C57BL/6J animals reaching statistical significance in crinklets only. Sex comparison revealed that female C57BL/6J mice only scored significantly higher using crinklets than males and BALB/c female mice were rated significantly higher using wooden wool, cocoons and compact than their male counterparts. While pair-housed C57BL/6J animals built higher-rated nests than single-housed mice in the C57BL/6J strain in all five materials tested, the scores were not significantly different in the BALB/c strain. Results of the present study reveal significant strain-, sex- and housing-related influences on the complexity of nests using different standardised building materials. Such observations need to be taken into account when planning the optimal enrichment programme for laboratory animals.
RÉFLEXION CRITIQUE SUR LES CLIENTÈLES DIFFICILES ET LEUR ACCÈS AUX SERVICES PSYCHOSOCIAUX
Authors: Paquin-Boudreau Amylie , Poitras1 Karine , Maheux Julie , Lemelin Geneviève
Published: October 2021

Le concept de clientèles difficiles a été peu étudié et sa définition ne fait pas consensus. Or, les clientèles difficiles présentent des caractéristiques communes et soulèvent de nombreux défis pour les professionnels. En effet, ces clientèles sont susceptibles d’engendrer des impasses thérapeutiques et des réactions contre-transférentielles massives et la relation thérapeutique peut s’en voir affecter. De plus, le manque de services spécialisés pour répondre aux besoins particuliers de ces clientèles génère des difficultés pour les professionnels qui interviennent auprès d’elles. La collaboration interdisciplinaire s’avère ainsi essentielle. Cet article propose de discuter des différents enjeux associés aux clientèles difficiles et à leur accès aux services psychosociaux.
PARENTS PRÉSENTANT UN TROUBLE DE PERSONNALITÉ LIMITE : PERCEPTIONS, ÉMOTIONS ET TRAVAIL DES INTERVENANTS PSYCHOSOCIAUX
Authors: Grenier Gauvin Nathan , Poitras Karine , Laporte Lise , Desrosiers1 Lyne
Published: October 2021

Les parents ayant un trouble de personnalité limite présentent des caractéristiques qui ont des impacts sur leur rôle parental et leur capacité à s’engager pleinement de la relation d’aide. Le travail clinique auprès de ceux-ci représente un défi pour les intervenants psychosociaux. L’objectif de cette étude vise à décrire et explorer les perceptions, les expériences émotionnelles et les interventions des personnes oeuvrant auprès des parents ayant un TPL. Les résultats mettent en évidence les défis perçus par les intervenants et balisent des pistes de réflexion quant aux meilleures pratiques.
LE TRAVAIL INTERDISCIPLINAIRE AUPRÈS DES ENFANTS AYANT VÉCU DES TRAUMAS RELATIONNELS PRÉCOCES : L’APPORT DE LA MENTALISATION
Authors: Terradas1 Miguel M. , Domon-Archambault Vincent , Didier Olivier
Published: October 2021

Les enfants ayant subi des traumas relationnels précoces présentent des défis relativement à l’intervention en contexte interdisciplinaire, notamment en raison de leurs passages à l’acte agressifs et leurs difficultés relationnelles. La mentalisation, soit la capacité à saisir les états mentaux chez soi et chez autrui, permet d’enrichir la réflexion des professionnels pratiquant auprès de ces cas complexes. En s’appuyant sur une illustration clinique, cet article décrit les principes généraux des interventions basées sur la mentalisation ainsi que l’apport de ces dernières à quatre modalités de travail : les interventions dyadiques, les rencontres d’accompagnement parental, la psychothérapie individuelle et les interventions éducatives.
COMPRENDRE LA TRAJECTOIRE DE DÉSISTANCE DES MINEURS DÉLINQUANTS : UNE ÉTUDE DE CAS
Authors: Puglia1 Rosa , Glowacz Fabienne
Published: October 2021

La recherche sur la désistance et la désistance assistée porte majoritairement sur une population adulte. L’étude de la désistance des adolescents et jeunes adultes est relativement récente, et doit être approfondie afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents aux sorties de la délinquance au sein de cette population. L’objectif de cette étude de cas unique est, à partir du récit du sujet à propos de sa trajectoire, d’identifier les composantes émergentes qui soutiennent son processus de désistance. Les entretiens menés avec ce jeune de 18 ans, lui ont permis d’énoncer et d’élaborer ses réflexions, dans un contexte de recherche menée sous la méthodologie IPA, et de la sorte, de verbaliser et de conscientiser les mécanismes qui contribuent à son évolution dans le processus de désistance. Ceux-ci peuvent être intégrés à la prise en charge des mineurs auteurs de faits qualifiés infractions.
Lost in Translation? Bill 21, International Human Rights, and the Margin of Appreciation
Authors: Mégret Frédéric
Published: October 2021

The adoption of Bill 21, which bans religious symbols for civil servants in Quebec, has stirred considerable debate politically and constitutionally in the province and in the rest of Canada. Neglected, however, has been a more in-depth analysis of how international human rights law often serves as an implicit frame of reference for many of the debates surrounding Bill 21. This essay focuses, in particular, on the invocation of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, which seems to have validated bans of religious symbols in various contexts. It gives an overview of that jurisprudence and specifies the parameters within which it operates, emphasizing the complexity of translating a supranational case law into a domestic debate. It argues that whilst Quebec is less alone in banning religious symbols than is sometimes argued, the European case law needs to be handled carefully. In particular, the essay emphasizes the importance of the so-called “margin of appreciation” as heavily impacting the outcome in those cases. Although the margin suggests that there is national leeway in adopting bans based on certain national traditions and specificities, it hardly opens the door to all bans. Rather, the margin emphasizes the significance of divergences between states parties on an issue and respect for procedural safeguards. The essay concludes with some thoughts on how importing human rights arguments out of context can be perilous, but also about how the margin itself may be problematic.
Quelle place pour le droit aux origines
de l’enfant adopté en France et au Québec ?
Authors: Giroux Michelle , Brunet Laurence
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : L’étude porte
sur le droit à la connaissance des origines de l’enfant adopté dans une
perspective de droit comparé.

Objectifs : L’objectif de la recherche
est de proposer une analyse du dispositif français, datant du 22 janvier 2002,
et celui réformé en 2017 au Québec qui, l’un et l’autre, aménagent pour les
personnes adoptées l’accès à l’identité de leurs parents d’origine.

Méthodologie : Cette étude utilise
principalement une méthodologie positiviste de la recherche juridique analysant
la législation, la jurisprudence et les travaux de doctrine, ainsi que de droit
comparé (France/Québec).

Résultats : La recherche montre bien que
la France et le Québec ont cherché à reconsidérer la place de l’histoire de
l’enfant adopté en substituant le principe du secret sur les origines à une
logique favorisant la transparence. Pourtant, l’équilibre entre l’enfant et les
parents de naissance penche souvent en faveur de ces derniers qui peuvent
empêcher de libérer le secret, parfois même jusqu’après la mort.

Conclusions : L’assouplissement du droit
vers plus de transparence est un pas dans la bonne direction, mais l’exercice
semble inachevé tant que la question du droit à l’identité (incluant les
origines) – reconnu notamment dans la Convention de l’ONU relative aux droits de
l’enfant – des personnes adoptées et de celles conçues par procréation assistée,
ne sera pas discutée dans le cadre d’une réforme globale du droit.

Contribution : En analysant le droit
positif en vigueur en France et au Québec sur l’accès aux origines des personnes
adoptées, ce texte permet de comprendre les enjeux relatifs à cette question et
le difficile arbitrage entre les intérêts des enfants adoptés et des parents
d’origine. Il ouvre, de plus, la réflexion sur l’accès aux origines des
personnes conçues par procréation médicalement assistée.
Adoption internationale et
(re)définition du rapport aux origines : la mise en œuvre de la Convention de La
Haye sur la protection des enfants et la coopération en matière d’adoption
internationale (CLH93) au Bénin
Authors: Domingos Tanguy Simonella
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Le Bénin, pays
d’origine peu investi jusque-là dans l’adoption, a ratifié en 2018 la CLH93 qui
entraine une évolution de son système de protection de l’enfance et de la
perception locale de l’adoption.

Objectifs : Dans le cadre de ce numéro
qui interroge les « origines » sous différents angles, cette contribution
explore les transformations occasionnées par cette convention dans un contexte
social à l’ancrage traditionnel fort.

Méthodologie : Les analyses s’appuient
sur les données collectées dans les pays d’accueil et au Bénin, et s’inscrivent
dans mon parcours doctoral portant sur une étude comparative des politiques et
pratiques d’adoption internationale en France et en Allemagne.

Résultats : Il en ressort que l’origine
est une notion centrale dans la culture béninoise et qu’elle est étroitement
reliée à l’identité de l’individu. L’adoption est une pratique méconnue dans ce
contexte où se perpétuent les usages traditionnels de confiage d’enfants.
L’adoption internationale et la rupture qu’elle provoque dans l’identité de
l’enfant imposent une nouvelle conceptualisation de l’origine, au-delà de la
définition essentialiste qui y prévaut. La mise en œuvre adéquate de la CLH93
requiert des changements à plusieurs niveaux, et crée de nouvelles attentes
institutionnelles qui pourraient se révéler trop lourdes.

Conclusions : L’origine est au cœur des
débats sur l’adoption. Saisir l’origine dans ce cadre revient notamment à
s’interroger sur les représentations qui y sont associées localement, et à
prendre en compte les attentes spécifiques des familles biologiques, sans
pénaliser les adoptés.

Contribution : Cet article est une
contribution à une meilleure connaissance des pays d’origine, peu étudiés et
souvent enfermés dans une « uniformité de fait ». Il met en évidence la force
des usages traditionnels et les freins possibles à une mise en œuvre adéquate de
la CLH93 dans le contexte béninois.
La double appartenance familiale de
l’enfant placé
en famille d’accueil Banque-mixte: un équilibre
fragile
Authors: Chateauneuf Doris , Pagé Geneviève , Decaluwe Béatrice
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Les familles
d’accueil Banque-mixte accueillent des enfants en vue de les adopter. Les
enfants placés dans ce type de ressource sont généralement âgés de zéro à deux
ans et considérés à haut risque d’abandon, mais ils ne sont pas pour autant
adoptables au moment du placement, et la plupart d’entre eux continuent d’avoir
des contacts ponctuels avec leurs parents d’origine.

Objectifs : La présente étude jette un
éclairage sur les enjeux que pose la double appartenance familiale de l’enfant
pour les parents d’accueil. Elle vise à mieux comprendre comment les parents
d’accueil négocient cette double appartenance familiale pendant le placement de
l’enfant et tout au long du processus menant à son adoption.

Méthodologie : Pour répondre à ces
objectifs, trente et un entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés auprès de
parents d’accueil Banque-mixte dans trois régions du Québec. Les parents ont été
interrogés à deux reprises, une première fois dans l’année suivant le début du
placement et une deuxième fois dix-huit mois plus tard.

Résultats : Les résultats de l’étude
s’articulent autour de quatre grands thèmes : 1) la perception des parents
d’accueil vis-à-vis des parents d’origine; 2) les craintes et appréhensions
vécues en lien avec la garde de l’enfant; 3) les enjeux d’appellation et de
désignation parentales; 4) le rôle des intervenants sociaux dans les contacts
entre les deux familles.

Conclusions : L’appartenance familiale
et les relations familiales des enfants placés en famille Banque-mixte reposent
sur un équilibre dont la fragilité s’explique en partie par les intentions
distinctes et parfois contradictoires des parents d’accueil et d’origine, mais
aussi par d’autres facteurs tels que la vulnérabilité des parents d’origine, le
profil des enfants placés et la variabilité des pratiques des intervenants
sociaux.

Contribution : Le placement en
Banque-mixte demeure peu étudié au Québec. Cette étude permet de mieux saisir
les différents enjeux sous-jacents à ce type de placement en termes de
dynamiques et de relations familiales.
Paulo Freire e Papa Francisco: Diálogo sobre discernimento e educação ecológica na Laudato Si’
Authors: Coelho Allan Da Silva
Published: October 2021

Na reflexão sobre a Encíclica Laudato Si’, estabelecemos um diálogo entre a Pedagogia do Oprimido, de Paulo Freire, e a proposta de um itinerário pedagógico do Papa Francisco. A partir da metodologia dialética goldminiana, defendemos que a transição ecológica da Laudato Si’ explicita elementos de uma educação antifetichista (com afinidades aos estudos do “capitalismo como religião”) que permitiriam outros modelos de humanidade.
A feitura da Bíblia: dos primeiros fragmentos à Sagrada Escritura
Authors: Schmid Konrad
Published: October 2021

A Bíblia é uma obra de escribas, em geral anônimos, que a produziram como texto escrito entre o século IX AEC e o século II EC. Suas tradições orais se estendem até o segundo milênio AEC. O resultado desta história longa de composição é um texto complexo, porém legível, como demonstra sua longa história de recepção, principalmente no judaísmo e no cristianismo. Se olhada de perto, a Bíblia revela um interessante conjunto de pesos e contrapesos entre suas posições teológicas. Parece que os autores não se preocuparam sempre com a consistência narrativa mas, antes, com a criação de um universo literário que inclui uma variedade de perspectivas teológicas.
Application of Internet of Things Hardware in Control Systems
Authors: Popović Nataša , Naumović Milica
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses a new concept of control systems, characterized as the Internet of Things Control Systems (IoTCS), which is based on the control techniques of networked control systems and the concept of the Internet of Things. To obtain IoTCS, the Internet of Things hardware, which belongs to embedded systems and boards hardware class, is used. The example of temperature control shows how the concept of IoTCS can be practically realized with the selected Internet of Things hardware. The operation of the implemented IoTCS is based on the principle of a networked control system in which the Arduino Uno board is equivalent to a communication network. Temperature control is enabled by a PID controller designed in Simulink, which shows that software packages traditionally used for the synthesis and analysis of control systems can be effectively used for the synthesis and analysis of control systems based on the Internet of Things hardware.
Trends in air Pollution: The Use of Mosses as Biomonitors
Authors: Olawale Abulude Francis , Alaba Adeoya Ebenezer , Adeleye Olubayode Smart , Dare Oluwagbayide Samuel , Usha Damodharan
Published: October 2021

Air pollution is a major concern throughout the universe due to the effects on living and non-living things. Before an area is said to be polluted, there is the need to carry out a bottom-up or top-down assessment of the environment. Mosses have been widely employed as cheap bioindicators of atmospheric pollution. It reduces the time-frame spent in monitoring and the results are reliable. Several types of research have been undertaken on the spatial and temporal trends in air pollution using mosses. This paper explained what moss is, discussed the cost of biomonitoring using a moss, mapping, and researches undertaken on mosses as bioindicators.
Methodological Basis of Strength Development in Sport
Authors: Filipović Branimir
Published: October 2021

This work covers the methodological basis and procedures in strength development within the fitness preparation of athletes in order to achieve great results. Strength is one of the most important skills and it is the basis of improving all other motor (physical) skills. The knowledge of methods and its procedures, which provide the development of this skill, represents a significant foundation and prerequisite for its development through the process of training. Methods and methodological processes most frequently used for development of different types of strength are presented in this work.