bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Right of Reply in Restoring Reputation Without Libel Litigation
Authors:   , Bosisio Matt
Published: February 2023

The intent of this study was to determine whether right of reply could be used to restore an injured reputation without the lengthy and costly process of litigation. Right of reply was defined as an opportunity to respond to a defamatory report or remarks carried in a newspaper. The reply opportunity would be printed by the newspaper and accorded a comparable amount of space, placement, and size of type as the original material. Telephone interviews of 50 subjects nationwide comprised the methodology. The subjects were drawn from newspaper and media-related industries, including small weekly newspapers, major metropolitan newspapers, and media law. While no single consensus dominated the results, right of reply was endorsed by a majority of the respondents as a voluntary concept. Most of the subjects felt a reply opportunity would redress reputation without litigation. Several said it probably would prevent some libel actions, particularly since most people, according to one study, sue to restore their names. Fairness and responsibility were also cited as reasons for offering a right of reply. In addition, a majority of the respondents agreed that a defendant who offered the plaintiff a reply opportunity would appear more responsible and sincere in the eyes of the jury than one who had not. A “reply block” was suggested in the study as one possible method of administering right of reply. Similar to correction boxes in design, a reply block would be anchored in one location and appear with regularity. It would be open to all readers with legitimate complaints, and it would be used at the discretion of the editor. An analysis of the study concluded that right of reply, however administered, promotes robust public debate and the tenets of free expression. Unlike the libel process, which tends to stifle expression, right of reply allows all sides to be heard and truth to be given fair play.
Painting Techniques in Collage and Montage
Authors:   , Mahin Calvin
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis has been to formulate a collection of paintings. There are twelve examples of which four are paintings and eight are collage and montage. The paintings have been reproduced photographically to illustrate collage and montage techniques for this thesis requirement. There are three distinct styles in the development of these thesis paintings.
The influence of land use on the pollen diet of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Engel Ryan
Published: February 2023

Pollinators are integral to plant ecology as well as to worldwide food availability and security. Understanding how human-driven land use change impacts the nutrition of managed honey bees is important in pollinator conservation efforts and can contribute towards combating recent pollinator declines. The objective of this study was to determine sources of forage for honey bees across different land use types in Ellis County, Kansas, through pollen analysis and taxonomic identification. Replicate study colonies were placed in three separate land use types: Urban, Cropland, or Native/Semi-native prairie. Pollen was sampled every 7 to 14 days throughout a growing season (April 1 to September 30) to identify key resources and their availability throughout time and space. Pollen abundance (mass) varied greatly throughout time and across treatments, although Urban colonies trended toward higher pollen abundance and Cropland colonies trended toward reduced pollen abundance. A total of 41 different plant taxa were identified from experimental hives, with willows (Salix) and clovers (Melilotus/Trifolium) observed in abundance among all land use treatments. Taxonomic richness (number of taxa) of floral resources utilized by study colonies was similar between land use treatments, with the exception of a few taxa. Unique distinctions among land use treatments included the abundance of trees in Urban habitat and the prevalence of weedy species in Cropland habitat. Understanding the availability of floral resources in prairies can help to inform conservation decisions and improve understanding of community ecology and health of native pollinators in prairies. Overall colony health and overwintering success could also be improved with a better understanding of how land composition influences honey bee nutrition.
A Policy Analysis of the Kansas Census
Authors:   , Drinan Mary
Published: February 2023

The Federal District Court of Kansas decided in the 1966 case of Meeks v. Avery adjudicated a dispute concerning the establishment of Kansas congressional districts. During the process, a related question concerning the utilization of Kansas census data was also raised.
A Preliminary Study of The Morphological Changes In Cells Due To Cancer
Authors:   , Dlabal Paul
Published: February 2023

This study was primarily concerned with a comparison of cancer tissue with normal tissue. All cells have a characteristic structure with variation in different tissues to enable them to perform different functions. Aside from these variations, major differences are present in relation of cells to each other and within the individual cell to allow certain masses of cells to be a carcinoma, and other masses to remain normal. Malignant tumors, if left untreated, always kill no matter where they occur. This study was made of cancerous and normal tissue obtained from post-mortems. The tissues were prepared and studied by t he author and comparisons were made. Because of the difficulty of obtaining human cancerous tissue in any quantities and of grades of malignancy other than grade 4, which was easily obtained because it usually results in death, the author made a comparison of only that grade to normal tissue. Other studies consisted of an examination of literature published by the National Cancer Research Society and other appropriate literature. The investigation was concentrated on the morphological changes in cells but some study on growth and differentiation was made in order to better understand the morphological changes due to cancer.
The Populist Contest for the Kansas Legislature in 1892-1893
Authors:   , Mason Joseph
Published: February 2023

During the contest between the Populist Party and the Republican Party for control of the Kansas House of Representatives in 1893, the Populists made charges that the Republicans stole the organization of the House of Representatives; and the Republicans made charges that the Populists were trying to steal the organization of the House of Representatives. It was the purpose of this study to see if it were possible, by presenting available facts, to determine which party was entitled to organize the Kansas House of Representatives in 1893. Although unbiased literature on the history of the Kansas Legislature of 1893 is almost non-existent, the writer attempted to present an unbiased narrative from the information and evidence presented by both sides. Since the Kansas Supreme Court was split in its decisions according to party lines, the judges presented opinions in favor of the party of which they were members. The majority of the judges were members of the Republican Party.
Images and Growth
Authors:   , Adams Constance
Published: February 2023

Painting is an avenue of highly personal expression and communication. The desire to visually discover and express my personal imagery involves me intensely in the creative process. The hope of creating something significant and beautiful inspires me to explore my own imagination through art materials. Both the process and product of creativity are integrally important. Images are significant as revelations of my experiences, feelings, thoughts, and fantasies, as well as a means of communication. The exploration and self-discovery that occurs with the creation of each painting results in new perspectives essential to my continuing development as an artist. This process of creativity and growth involves integrative forces, both visual and personal.
A Trip to the Garden of Eden
Authors:   , Wright Joe
Published: February 2023

To make a movie of the “Garden of Eden” in Lucas, Kansas. The “Garden of Eden” is considered to be one of the finest examples of folk art still in existence in the United States. The film must approach the “Garden of Eden” as an object of art and treat it artistically, as opposed to the documentary approach.
A Study of A Selected Group of English and American Prose Fiction To Demonstrate The Varied Use of The Superstitious and The Supernatural As Fictional Techniques.
Authors:   , Mann LaVergne
Published: February 2023

This thesis is an exploration of superstition and supernatural themes as fictional techniques in American fiction. This thesis examines the history of the use of these themes as well as providing critical discussion and analysis on both short and long works of fiction.
The Effects of Uniforms, Sex and Race on Children's Perceptions of Police Officers
Authors:   , Letterman Margaret
Published: February 2023

Amoroso and Ware (1981) found that young children have a positive attitude toward the police, but that this attitude decreases with older children, especially among males. Reiser (1970) suggests that many people react negatively toward the police because of the influence of the police officer's uniform. Frank and Gilovich's (1988) research found that those individuals who wore black uniforms were perceived as being more aggressive, and actually performed in a more aggressive manner than those individuals who wore uniforms of a different color. Several researchers have found a positive white/ negative black bias among children (Bhana, 1977; Porter, 1971; Sparks-Davidson, Rahman, & Hildreth, 1982). The present study investigated children's perceptions of police officers as a function of the uniforms that the police wear, the race of the police officers, and the children's gender. The results from the present study found a more positive perception of the black police officer than the white officer (n < .05), which is inconsistent with earlier research concerning color bias (Bhana, 1977; Porter, 1971; Sparks-Davidson et al., 1982). Contrary to past research (Amoroso & Ware, 1981), the present study also found that boys' and girls' perceptions of police officers are very similar. Results for the uniform condition approached conventional statistical significance (p = .09). Earlier studies found that citizens' perceptions of police officers were positively biased toward the traditionally uniformed police officer (Mauro, 1984). The present study found a more positive perception of the \plain clothes\ police officer.
The Evolution of The Junior High School in Kansas
Authors:   , Rowe Vernald
Published: February 2023

To be specific, the problem of this thesis is to trace the origin and development of junior high schools in the state of Kansas. This study is concerned, basically, with the historical aspects of the problem. Diversions into administration, curriculum, and other elements, while constituting fruitful fields of study, are avoided in order to retain objectivity and continuity of thinking relative to the central theme.
Urban-Rural, Age, and Gender Differences for Children on the Wechsler Intelligence Scales and Their Relationship to Social Intelligence
Authors:   , Dellere Diana
Published: February 2023

Numerous investigations have been conducted to examine the effects of demographic variables on performance on the Wechsler Intelligence Scales. Research, however, has not been conducted on the effects of urban-rural residence on Wechsler scores for those under the age of 16. The present study focused on difference sin demographic variables that may be related to scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and The Wechsler Intelligence Score for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III). Particular emphasis was placed on the Picture Arrangement and Comprehension subtests of the Wechsler scales because of their relationship to social intelligence. Wechsler protocols were randomly selected from school psychologist’s files and then analyzed for differences in regard to age, gender, and urban-rural residence. It was predicted that rural students would score higher than urban students on Picture Arrangement and Comprehension. Differences were also predicted to be found between males and females and two age groups on these and other subtests of the Wechsler scales. Multivariate and univariate analysis of variance found that rural subjects outscored urban subjects on the Picture Arrangement subtest, Object Assembly subtest, and Performance Scale score. While the results for the Picture Arrangement subtest were predicted the other results were not. No differences occurred between rural and urban groups on the Comprehension subtest. These results indicate differences in one area of social intelligence between urban and rural groups, but not in another. Urban children outperformed rural subjects on the Digit Span subtest which was not predicted. As predicted, females performed better on the Coding subtest while males performed better on the Block Design subtest. Males, however, did not outperform females on the Information, Arithmetic, Picture Completion, and Comprehension subtest as predicted. Elementary subjects outscored secondary subjects on the Arithmetic subtest. Finally, it was predicted that secondary subjects would outscore elementary subjects on the Comprehension and Picture Arrangement subtests. However, in the present study the reverse occurred for the Comprehension subtest.
Setting a Stage for Clay
Authors:   , Jorgensen Joe
Published: February 2023

The artwork in this exhibition is my attempt to set a stage, to create a setting, in which I can be as creative and innovative as possible using clay as the medium.
Understanding The Relationship Between Perceived Levels Of Stress, Mindfulness, And Meditation Practices
Authors:   , Gallagher Michael
Published: February 2023

Mindfulness meditation has become increasing popular in the Western world the last few decades. Although the research in the area of mindfulness is just beginning, many studies report positive benefits to individuals who learn this type of meditation. This study compares the perceived stress levels of college students who report common characteristics of individuals who practice mindfulness meditation against college students who do not report those common characteristics of mindfulness. The student’s level of mindfulness was measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire while the Measurement of Stressful Life Events was used to determine the student’s perceived stress levels to recent events. Results showed that mindfulness is inversely correlated with current stress levels for recent life events. In addition, meditation experience was also found to be inversely correlated with current stress levels for recent life events. Finally, the results indicated a gender difference with respect to mindfulness but not a gender difference with respect to stress. Specifically, males scored higher than females in mindfulness but males and females reported similar levels of stress. There is still much to learn about mindfulness and stress. This study serves as a small part of the many studies being conducted to better understand these variables and their relationship to one another.
Comparative Morphology of Siberian Elm (Ulmus Pumila), Slippery Elm (Ulmus Rubra), and Hybrid, (Ulmus X Notha) in Western Kansas
Authors:   , Cooper Kurtis
Published: February 2023

Previous studies of Ulmus pumila Linnaeus and Ulmus rubra Muhlenberg and their hybrid Ulmus x notha Wilhelm and G. Ware were restricted mainly to investigations of Dutch elm disease resistance/breeding for the cultivar trade. Recent studies have focused on and distribution and descriptions of phenotypic characters of these taxa. Ulmus pumila L. and U. rubra Muhl. And their hybrid U. x notha Wilh. G. Ware were studied at two sites in Kansas; the Comeau Ranch, north central Ellis County and Spring Creek at the western end of Wilson Reservoir, Russell County. Specimens from 12 U. pumila, 16 U. rubra, and 38 U. x notha specimens were sampled at four yearly stages (leafing, winter twig, flowering, and fruiting) for comparative studies of morphological features. Twenty-one features were measured/counted and used to create morphological keys and species descriptions. Leaves were measured for length, width, and basal asymmetry. Primary teeth of the leaves were measured for length, depth, and breadth and the number of primary and secondary teeth were counted. Flower buds were measured for length, width, and length/width ratio. Flower stamens and sepals were counted and stigma color was determined. Shape and surface features of the pollen was documented. Finally, fruits were measured for length, width, length/width ratio, and basal asymmetry. Data showed U. pumila and U. rubra scores separated each species completely, while U. x notha scores were intermediate to the parental scores. Ulmus x notha upper scores for morphological features of the leaf, flower bud, and flower overlapped with the lower scores of U. rubra and lower scores of U. x notha overlapped with the upper scores of U. pumila. Fruit scores and pollen morphology were not useful in separating the three species from each other.
The Use of Basal Readers in Individualizing Instruction in the Primary Grades
Authors:   , Kienlen Helen
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching primary reading by incorporating basal readers and methods with a plan of individualized instruction.
A Comparative Study of Textbooks In Citizenship For High School.
Authors:   , James Trellie
Published: February 2023

The problem of this thesis is to make a comparative study of textbooks to be used in citizenship classes in high schools. It consists of two parts: first, the establishment of a measuring scale to be used for selecting the texts and, second, the comparison of the texts.
Afghan Decision-Making in a Development Context
Authors:   , Stent Daniel
Published: February 2023

Numerous theories exist showing the relationship between stress and decision-making strategies. Conflict Theory, as expressed by Mann et al. (1997) explains that when facing a major decision, individuals will respond to the stress of that decision by using one of four decision-making strategies: vigilance, buckpassing, procrastination, and hypervigilance. In matching Conflict Theory with the cultural scales proposed by Hofstede (2001), the decision-making strategies of buckpassing and procrastination are preferred by individuals from collectivist cultures in contrast to people from individualistic cultures. The current study used Mann’s Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire in the context of Afghanistan. This research is pertinent given the significant amount of aid and development resources spent on Afghanistan in the last two decades. It was hypothesized that Afghan men would show greater decision-making self-confidence than Afghan women. It was also hypothesized that Afghans from the Pashtun tribal group would prefer to use more collectivist decision-making strategies when compared to Afghans who belong to other tribal groups. Afghan men and women were found to be equally confident in decision-making confidence, while Pashtuns were found to prefer collectivist decision-making strategies when compared to non-Pashtun Afghans.\r Keywords: Decision-making, Collectivist, Individualist, Afghanistan, Pashtun, Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire, Culture Theory, Conflict Theory
Effects Of Environmental And Anthropogenic Factors On The Range Contraction Of Bird And Mammal Species
Authors:   , Betz Patrice
Published: February 2023

The largest contributor to biodiversity loss is habitat destruction caused by humans. A common consequence of habitat destruction is a reduction in the geographic range of a species. Little research has been done to separate the contribution of anthropogenic and environmental variables to the extinction or persistence of species that have experienced range contraction. In this thesis, I examined the relative effects of several variables (elevation, mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, human population density, distance from roads, and proportion of land converted to built-up land, cropland, and rangeland) on the geographic ranges of declining bird and mammal species from all continents except Antarctica. Species were examined separately to determine which variables might have influenced the contraction in the ranges of individual species. The results of each variable were compiled both by individual species and by continent. My results suggest environmental variables have a greater effect on species persistence and extinction than do the anthropogenic variables I tested. Mean annual precipitation was most often identified as having a positive or negative influence on species persistence. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive assessment of the effects of environmental and anthropogenic variables on the persistence of both individual species and all species from each of the 6 continents included in the analyses. These findings could allow conservation biologists to better predict areas where a declining species will persist, thereby enabling the prioritization of areas for the establishment of wildlife reserves.
Acceptance of Family Violence in Relation to Sex-Role Stereotyping : Attitudes Among Professional Groups and the General Population
Authors:   , Bolte Betty
Published: February 2023

Our society’s attitudes and beliefs about family violence influence both the course of action taken in the legal system and the enforcement of the laws pertaining to family violence. Traditional sex-role attitudes as they are related to the acceptance of violence in the home are believed to be involved in perpetuating the continued use of violence in families (Finn, 1986; Gentemann, 1984; Straus, Gelles & Steinmetz, 1980). The structural theory of violence holds that “For any set of behaviors characteristic of a population, there will develop a normative counterpart that rationalizes and justifies that behavior” (Owens, Straus, 1975, 210). A significant degree of family violence has been reported in the literature; this suggests norms must exist within our society that rationalize and justify the use of violence (Owens & Straus, 1975). In our investigation of the relationship of attitudes toward family violence and sex role orientation, three questionnaires (Interpersonal Violence Approval Index, Personal Data Questionnaire, and Bem Sex-Role Inventory) were administered to two professional groups (judges & clinicians) and the general population. A total of 648 questionnaires were mailed with a response rate of 56 percent. Mental health clinicians were found significantly less approving of family violence than either the district judges and the general population. This difference in approval may be a result of the subject group differences in educational training and knowledge exposure to family violence issues. There was no significant relationship found between approval of family violence and sex role orientation in the main analyses, however; in individual item analyses relationships were found with the masculine sex role orientation holding significantly higher approval of certain forms of family violence than the other sex role orientations. Individual item analyses found androgynous and undifferentiated oriented individuals held the lowest approval of family violence. Further analyses of secondary variables suggested relationships between contextual situation approval of family violence and age, gender, education level, beliefs about family violence, and income level.
Studies of the Interactions of Aluminum Iodide and Selected Aromatic Compounds
Authors:   , Denton C.
Published: February 2023

The chemistry of aluminum chloride and aluminum bromide in various aromatic hydrocarbons has been widely reported, but the interactions between aluminum iodide and these same aromatic hydrocarbons have drawn little attention. The first objective was to determine the cause of the pink or red brown color that aluminum iodide has typically displayed in these solvents. A second goal was to determine whether aluminum iodide forms complexes with them. Finally we sought to determine whether a solution of aluminum iodide in any one of the aromatic solvents would form a “red oil” when HI was bubbled through it. To achieve the above it was necessary to assay the solubility of Al2I6 in those solvents we studied. Spectral scans of aluminum iodide and of iodine in each of the solvents of interest were recorded in both the visible-ultraviolet and the far infrared regions. The solvents used were cyclohexane (I), benzene (II), toluene (III), o-xylene (IV), m-xylene (V), p-xylene (VI), and mesitylene (VIII). It was determined that elemental iodine was the source of the color observed. IT was probably formed by air oxidation of the aluminum iodide. Continuous variations studies based on solution absorbance in the visible-ultraviolet indicated that interaction was occurring between the aluminum iodide and the aromatics tested. Further studies of this type, based on weights of precipitate obtained, indicated that (VII) and hexamethylbenzene each form a solid complex with aluminum iodide of the stoichiometry (Al2I6) 3(organic) 2. Solubility product constants were calculated for these complexes. Solutions of aluminum iodide in (II), (III), (IV), and (VII) were prepared and treated with HI. A “red oil” was observed for all four solutions. The “red oil” was more dense than its mother solution, was clear, and had an intense violet color.
Wood as a Sculptural Medium for Developing the Human Figure
Authors:   , Verschueren Dorothy
Published: February 2023

Wood has peculiar qualities which make it particularly adaptable to the carving of human figures. Wood is, by nature, vertical in its upward movement and growth quality. It is solid and strong, a characteristic applicable to man in his greater moments. It has a natural grain pattern which is suggestive of g rowing and living things, able to move in all directions. And it is warm and tactile. In a brief comparison between figures III and IV, a marked difference between carving in wood and carving in stone can be noted. Figure III (page 6) is carved in alabaster and is presented here to s h ow quality differences in carving of the two mediums, stone and wood, as well as to show a continuation of thought by the artist in terms of subject matter and idea. Figure IV (page 7) has been done in cedar. Alabaster is not vertical by nature, nor has it any particular growth quality. The natural grain pattern does not follow the stone, (Note the severe diagonal running through the back of the figure) as it does in the wood, but appears at random in different intensities. This is not to say that the stone is not beautiful in itself. It is merely to point out that it is not a material which is dependable in terms of a natural, yet workable pattern. The stone is naturally cold to the touch, absorbs the h eat of the day, and yet appears unnaturally soft. Because of these qualities stone can be easily adapted to most any subject matter, particularly to more horizontal subjects. The following illustrations are accompanied by note s given in explanation to the subject matter of the carved pieces. The subjects represent ideas which the artist feels are particularly adaptable to wood alone. Any other medium would only weaken or limit the statement.
Transient Aphasia and Some Methods of Controlling The Transient Aphasia Cycle
Authors:   , Wright James
Published: February 2023

A high incidence of transient aphasia among its cases has been recognized for some time by the Fort Hays Kansas State College Psychological Clinic. Clinical tests of transient aphasia are a routine part of the Clinic’s psychometric procedure, especially with children showing speech and reading disabilities. Abnormally long eye fixations where the word is known to the subject momentary binocular divergence, periodic eye tremors, blocks in phonation either with or without the usual symptoms of stuttering, superficial appearance of transitory deafness, and various motor blocks have been suspected as being evidence of transient aphasic conditions.
Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Assemblages in Native, Invasive, and Encroaching Grassland Habitats
Authors:   , Pittenger Madison
Published: February 2023

Ground beetles (Carabidae) are increasingly used as ecological indicators in studies regarding land use because they are ubiquitous, respond quickly to environmental change, have a well-understood taxonomy, and can be trapped with ease. While the effects of various plant communities on ground beetle assemblages are relatively well-known, past studies have operated within boreal and tropical forests and have not placed much emphasis on the effects of native and nonnative species. In this study, ground beetles were investigated as indicators of invasion in a grassland setting. Ground beetles were sampled using pitfall traps throughout the 2018 growing season at Quivira National Wildlife Refuge, located in south central Kansas, and characterized by the presence of inland salt marsh and prairie sand dunes, habitat types uncommon to the area. With a sampling effort of 2 traps per array (1 sample) x 8 arrays x 3 treatments x 12 sampling periods, 580 individuals representing 39 species were observed. Capture rates of ground beetles more closely resembled two habitat types: encroaching and invasive habitats, with native habitats overlapping with both. Results from pitfall traps suggest that carabids and plants were probably responding to environmental disturbance and sandy soils rather than directly to each other. There was a clear dominance of carabid species adapted to habitat disturbance (including Chlaenius erythropus, Scarites subterraneus, and Pterostichus permundus). Many plant species that were significantly associated with ground beetle assemblages, including poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), one-seed croton (Croton monanthogynus), and Panicum, were also adapted to disturbance. Moreover, ground beetles reacted negatively overall to areas with sandy soil. This suggests that ground beetles might not be the best indicator species for this region, because any effects of invasion were overshadowed by soil type or disturbance.
The Importance of Selected Aspects of the Role and Function of the Secondary School Counselor as Reported by Administrators, Counselors, and Teachers
Authors:   , Hillman Debbie
Published: February 2023

The data for this study were collected by surveying a sample of school administrators, counselors, and teachers. The sample consisted of 175 questionnaires completed by 63 administrators, 56 counselors, and 56 teachers. The instrument was modified from one employed in a study conducted by Ibrahim, Helms, and Thompson (1983). The instrument used a four-option Likert-type scale. The instrument had 10 main components and 37 Items, which were rated by the individual completing the questionnaire. Six null hypotheses were tested. All six of the null hypotheses were rejected. For hypotheses one through five, a two-way analysis of variance was employed and 30 comparisons were made for each hypothesis. There were 20 main effects and 10 interactions for each of the five hypotheses. For hypothesis six a t-test for a single mean was employed. The following were found for null hypotheses one through five: hypothesis one, six main effects were significant and one Interaction; hypothesis two, four main effects were significant and one interaction; hypothesis three, five main effects were significant; hypothesis four, five main effects were Significant; and hypothesis five, three main effects were significant and four interactions. It was found in hypothesis six that a positive attitude was depicted toward all of the components except Research. The results of this study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Counselors placed more Importance on referral than administrators. 2. Administrators, counselors, and teachers from large districts placed more importance on referral than administrators, counselors, and teachers from small districts. 3. Counselors placed more Importance on parent help than administrators and teachers. 4. Counselors and administrators placed more importance on public relations than teachers. 5. Administrators, counselors, and teachers with more years of experience placed more importance on referral. 6. Counselors placed more importance on placement than teachers. 7. Older administrators, counselors, and teachers placed more importance on referral than younger administrators, counselors, and teachers. 8. Counselors and administrators placed mare Importance on public relations than teachers. 9. Females placed more importance on referral than males. 10. All counselor roles investigated except research were considered to be important.
A Multidimensional Gender Identity Profile for Young Adults : A New Measure of Gender Identity and Its Relationship with General Psychological Well-Being
Authors:   , Bechen Amy
Published: February 2023

Many gender researchers have proposed multidimensional constructions of gender identity (Arrindell, Kolk, Martin, Kwee, & Booms, 2003; Cook, 1985; Korabik & McCreary, 2000), but few multidimensional measures have been studied. The current research proposed and assessed the Multidimensional Gender Identity Profile for Young Adults. The major theories applied to this measure included gender schema theory (Bem, 1974; Spence & Helmreich, 1978), gender strain paradigm (Pelck, 1995), and multidimensional gender identity (Egan & Perry, 2001; Korabik & McCreary, 2000). The measure was further examined through its relationship with general psychological well-being, as measured by general health and global self-esteem. For men, the Multidimensional Gender Identity Profile for Young Adults was found to be a better predictor of general psychological well-being than any single measure of gender identity. For women, however, the Multidimensional Gender Identity Profile for Young Adults was not found to be a better predictor of general psychological well-being than any single measure of gender identity. The results indicated the need for further research into possible factors that mediate the relationship between psychological well-being and gender identity.
A Study to Predict 01/01/1963-01/01/1970 Enrollments at Fort Hays Kansas State College
Authors:   , King Rose
Published: February 2023

In this study, the problem was to predict enrollments at Fort Hays Kansas State College from 1963 to 1970, inclusive, so as to aid in preparing for future enrollments and to provide useful information for succeeding studies of this nature. The main prediction method employed in the study was founded on enrollments in the elementary and secondary schools in the geographical area of Kansas which supplies the College with the majority of its students. The College geographical area was limited to the forty-eight counties which sent fifteen or more freshmen to the College in a recent fall semester, since this area supplied the College with about 90 percent of the freshmen class. On the basis of the most recent enrollment data for elementary and secondary schools in the 48-County Area, and established trends in retention rates for them, the number of youth who will be eligible for college each year for the next eight years was predicted. Predicted freshmen enrollments at the College were derived from these figures and from the proportions of these youth who have enrolled at Fort Hays Kansas state College in the past. The remaining minority (about 10 percent) was then added for freshmen coming from places outside the 48-County Area. Finally, the average percentage of freshmen to total student body at the College (about 30 percent) was applied to predict total student body enrollments. In addition to the pre-college enrollment prediction method used above, other prediction methods described were mathematical extrapolation, college age population, and predicted college enrollments for the state of Kansas. The findings of the study are summarized in the following table. [Table omitted; see manuscript] The results of the fourth method were considered to be the most valid. Although the fall of 1963 total enrollment at Fort Hays Kansas State College will show about the same increase as that of recent years, the next fall, 1964, will see an unprecedented increase. The following years will continue to place great stress upon facilities at the College, and in the fall of 1970, the College will enroll twice as many students as were enrolled in the fall of 1962, provided that social conditions continue as at present and the College is equipped to accommodate all prospective students.
Hispanic Women's Perceived Benefits of Prenatal Care
Authors:   , Benjamin Mary
Published: February 2023

While Hispanic women’s risk for poor birth outcomes is increasing due to immigration and acculturation, Hispanic use of prenatal care remains the lowest of all ethnic groups. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between pregnant Hispanic women’s perceived benefit of prenatal care and their procurement of prenatal care. The theoretical framework is a blend of Roy’s Adaptation Model and Pender’s Health Promotion Model. Results of the investigation may assist the health providing community to draw pregnant Hispanic women into prenatal care earlier, decrease the severity of problems that are manageable, and decrease the occurrence of problems that are preventable. This investigation was conducted using a Level II non-experimental descriptive correlational research design. The subjects were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling. Based on a power analysis using 80% power, a critical effect size of 0.4, and .05 significance level for a two-tailed test, a sample size of 45 subjects for each group (N=90) was determined. The research instrument for this investigation was an adaptation of the Perceived Benefits of Prenatal Care subscale from the Prenatal Care Interview (Byrd, Mullen, Selwyn, & Lorimor, 1996a). The subscale has a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.92. The instrument is available in English and Spanish. This investigation sought to answer if there were any significant relationships or differences between the Hispanic women’s perceived benefits of prenatal care and number of months pregnant when they first went for prenatal care; between the Hispanic women’s perceived benefits of prenatal care and women of other cultural groups; and Hispanic women’s perceived benefits of prenatal care and their financial status.
A Guidance Program For The Junior-Senior High School
Authors:   , Hubbart Clarence
Published: February 2023

The problem of this thesis is to set up a guidance program for the junior-senior high school. A program especially workable for the small junior-senior high school is desirable since these are most frequently found in this section of the state.
A Project on Constructing Picture Tests for Beginning Navajo Children in the Nenahnezad Boarding School in the Bureau of Indian Affairs on the Navajo Reservation
Authors:   , Moore Tressa
Published: February 2023

At the present time, no measure nor instrument was available for measuring achievement in teaching English to Navajo non-English speaking children in beginner classrooms. The purpose of this project was to make picture tests to evaluate the achievement of the child’s English vocabulary after the words and sentence pattern structures had been presented and practiced for several weeks.
The Petrology of the Lower Cretaceous Cheyenne Sandstone of South-Central Kansas
Authors:   , Fisher Roger
Published: February 2023

The Cheyenne Sandstone is composed of light brown to dark yellowish - orange, medium-to fine-grained, friable, cross-stratified sandstone, and lenses of sandy shale and conglomerate. These rocks crop out as an irregular narrow band about 50 km long around the headwaters of several streams in Barber, Kiowa and Comanche counties, Kansas. The Cheyenne was studied to determine the depositional history of the unit, the significance of fossils found in the sandstone, and the probable source of the detrital minerals. Thin section and sieving analyses, as well as outcrop examinations, suggest the Cheyenne represents deposition in a fluviatile-estuarine complex. The lower medium-to-fine-grained sandstones and conglomerates of the Cheyenne are deposits of southeastward flowing streams. As the early Cretaceous sea transgressed northward, stream gradients decreased and the upper fine silts and muds represent the onset of estuarine conditions. With increasing water depth, the thinly-laminated, marine, black shales of the overlying Kiowa Formation were deposited. Reworking of upper Permian rocks is prevalent at most outcrops and may account for part of the detrital composition and clay mineral assemblage of the Cheyenne fossil terrestrial plant fragments indicate the Cheyenne was deposited in a warm and partially arid climate.
Understanding Resilience: Investigating the Relationship between Risk Factors, Resilience, and Psychological Well-Being
Authors:   , Schulz Paulyna
Published: February 2023

Numerous studies have indicated that adversity serves as a primary antecedent in the development of psychological resilience, however, adversity can have negative effects on psychological well-being. The current study focused on contributing to present literature by further investigating the roles of protective factors and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on resilience development, as well as the relationship between risk factors, resilience, and psychological well-being in adulthood. It was hypothesized that ACEs would predict the development of resilience when protective factors were high. It was also hypothesized that resilience positively influences the relationship between risk factors and psychological well-being by negating the direct negative effect of risk factors on psychological well-being. Participants in the study included adults between 25- and 71-years-old in the U.S. recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). The survey included questions addressing demographic information, adverse childhood experiences, resilience, protective factors, perceived stress, and psychological well-being. A moderation and mediation analysis were used to analyze the hypotheses. The moderation hypothesis was not supported as no significant interaction was found between ACEs and protective factors in predicting resilience, however, the vital role of protective factors in developing resilience was found. A partial mediation was found between risk factors and psychological well-being. The results suggest that resilience plays a small role in negating the negative effects caused by risk factors.
An Evaluation Of The Source Area For The Former Norges Cleaners Tetrachloroethylene Plume Near Centennial Boulevard And Vine Street, Hays, KS, Over A 20-Year Span Using Past Data To Estimate The Plume Concentration Reduction
Authors:   , Staab Adam
Published: February 2023

Analyses of monitoring well data from 2001 to 2009 of a perchlorethylene (PCE) pollution plume located in Hays, Kansas were used to assess the current PCE status and to project the plume rate of decline to when remediation will cease or no longer be required. Isoconcentration maps were used to calculate an average rate of concentration reduction. Based on these calculations, I believe the PCE concentration has the potential to be below the 5 μg/L Risk-based Standards for Kansas by 2020 for the study area.
An Investigation Of The Thermo- And Action- Electric Properties Of Molybdenite
Authors:   , Johnson William
Published: February 2023

Considerable work has been done on various mineral substances and chemical compounds within recent years to ascertain, if possible, whether the substance possessed any degree of photo- or thermos-sensitivity; and, to determine the characteristics of these responses. Among the most prominent substances which have been tested are selenium, bismuth, antimony, hematite, stibnite, and molybdenite. It was the purpose of this investigation to summarize the phenomena that have occurred within samples of molybdenite under a variety of conditions involving heat, light, and e.m.f.
The Relationship Between Attitude Toward Reading and Reading Achievement : An In Depth Correlational Study
Authors:   , Daley Bertie
Published: February 2023

This research was designed to explore the relationship between responses on an attitude toward reading inventory and scores from a standardized achievement test of reading.
Mathematics Anxiety in Middle School Students
Authors:   , Nienke Julie
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate mathematics anxiety in seventh and eighth grade students. The 5 Independent variables investigated were gender, grade level, mathematics achievement level, and mother's educational level. The dependent variable was the scores from the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale-Adolescent. The sample consisted of 132 students in grades 7 and 8. A status survey factorial design was employed using a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). Five composite null hypotheses were tested at the .0500 level of significance. A total of 18 comparisons were made plus 17 recurring. Of the 18 comparisons, 5 were for main effects and 13 for interactions. Two of the 5 main effects were statistically significant at the 0500 level. Of the 13 interactions 5 were statistically significant at the .0500 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1) the gender and mathematics achievement level of students should be interpreted concurrently; 2) the grade level and mathematics achievement level should be interpreted concurrently; 3) the gender, grade level, and socioeconomic status should be interpreted concurrently; 4) the mathematics achievement level and socioeconomic status should be interpreted concurrently, 5) the socio-economic status and mothers' educational level should be interpreted concurrently.
Rate of Replacement of Bromide from 1-Bromo-1 Nitroethane by Iodide
Authors:   , Shah Jugalkishor
Published: February 2023

A kinetic investigation has been carried out to determine the rate of replacement of bromide from 1-bromo-1-nitroethane by the iodide of potassium iodide in an acetone medium, and to study the effect of the nitro group on this bromine replacement. The chemical reaction was started by adding a measured amount of potassium iodide in acetone, to a measured amount of 1-bromo-1-nitroethane in acetone which was in a ground glass-stoppered Erlenmeyer flask. The flask was then immersed in the constant temperature water-bath. The reaction was stopped after a specified time, with addition of excess crushed ice to the reaction mixture. The concentrations of the iodide and bromide ions were determined by a poteniometric method, using a Fisher Titrimeter equipped with a silver electrode and a saturated KCI-calomel reference electrode. From the kinetic data obtained, the rate constants have been calculated, at various temperatures and concentrations of the reactants. These kinetic data were interpreted in the light of the known chemical literature, and the mechanism of the reaction is proposed.
The Botany Laboratory
Authors:   , Neher S.J.
Published: February 2023

In the present work it has been my purpose to present a descriptive list of laboratory exercises in botany which is predictable and useable under the existing conditions of the average small high school of western Kansas. To be more specific these exercises may be used by a teacher without special training in botany, in a crowded curriculum, and with little laboratory equipment. Most of the apparatus needed may be improvised by the pupil, and the plants called for are common in any community in the western half of Kansas.