bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Considering of The Occasion in Qur’anic Separators: A Structural Semantics Study
Authors: Dr. Attia Abdel Hamid
Published: April 2023

One of the most noticeable stylistic features of the syntactical structures of the Qur’anic separators is to consider syntax consistency before verbal homogeneity. This research is concerned with the Quranic separators that deviated from the origins in their syntactical structures from the point of view of structural semantics studies for modern structure. The research proved through the study that the relinquishment of the separators from the syntactical origins was not only for the verbal occasion but was first for the creative values and semantics purposes required by the Quranic context.
Nepotism and Job Search: An Investigation on Bangladeshi Graduates
Authors: Hasnat Sajid Bin , Begum Salma
Published: April 2023

The youth unemployment rate in Bangladesh is 10.6 % which is more than twice the overall national unemployment rate standing at 4.2 %. And this group of young people are at risk of having their labour-market prospects deteriorating in the long term according to a report by the International Labor Organization (Ilo, 2022). To correctly identify all the plausible aspects leading to massive unemployment among the youth, nepotism marks an important area of study and investigation in order to figure out particularly in which areas the university students fail or are able to secure their desired job opportunities after their graduation. However, this issue rarely receives the necessary attention and focus, and scholarly discussions on this topic are sparse. To shed light on this, a survey questionnaire was designed for university graduates with different backgrounds and expectations which led us to gather interesting insights into how nepotism plays a role in shaping their interest into areas of job search and also in helping them to get their desired jobs. We were able to confirm that graduates who rely on family and friends for job leads are more likely to get hired shortly after graduation. They require fewer job applications, and are less likely to broaden their horizons in their search for employment. It was also noted that the dynamics of the job search vary significantly between majors, particularly in the fields of Business Administration, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) and the Social Sciences, in terms of both the demands of the applicants and the extent to which they rely on external assistance in order to secure employment. These findings provide a glimpse into the decision-making process behind the nepotistic job choices made by graduates and also helped in shedding light on the consequences of those who were engaged in the job seeking process without the same advantages or backings.
Manganiferous iron-ore deposits near Silver City, New Mexico
Authors: Entwistle Lawson P.
Published: April 2023

For many years the potential importance of the manganiferous iron ores at Boston Hill, near Silver City, NM, has been recognized. As recent economic developments have greatly increased the demands for manganese and manganiferous iron ores, these deposits have become of commercial value. Detailed geologic information on the area, with its direct relation to ore localization, is scant; therefore the writer made a survey of the manganiferous iron-ore deposits, and also of the related silver deposits in the Chloride Flat mining district, about one mile north of Boston Hill. Results of the survey make up the chief part of this report.

A detailed study of a much larger area than that covered in this report is necessary for full comprehension of the broader geologic features. Previous work by competent geologists appears to have correlated adequately the sedimentary rocks and the structural features of the Silver City quadrangle. Many interesting possibilities in the chemistry of the hypogene and supergene ore solutions can't be presented fully at this time because of limited library facilities and insufficient experimental data.

Field work was started in the summer of 1936, when the writer mapped and studied in considerable detail the surface and underground geology of the most productive part of the Chloride Flat mining district. Field work was then continued intermittently through 1942 in order to complete mapping the Boston Hill mining district and to correlate its geologic features with those at Chloride Flat. Much of the mining at Boston Hill has been near the surface, and many of the deeper workings are now flooded; consequently most of the time was spent mapping and studying the areal geology.

Topography and geology were mapped simultaneously, with transit and stadia. The original field maps were made on a scale of one inch to 200 ft.

The report outlines in a general way the most favorable areas for prospecting, and describes the geologic structures that have controlled or localized the deposition of the ore minerals. No attempt has been made to show developed ore reserves with indicated tenor of ore, or to discuss metallurgical problems which might arise if selective concentration of the ores should be attempted.
แนวโน้มทางพันธุกรรมของระยะเวลาอุ้มท้องและความสัมพันธ์ของระยะเวลาอุ้มท้องกับลักษณะทางการสืบพันธุ์ในแม่สุกร
Authors:   , บำเพ็ญกุล ระวิวรรณ
Published: April 2023

ข้อมูลสุกรพันธุ์แท้แลนด์เรซ (Landrace, LR) ลาร์จไวท์ (Large White, LW) ดูรอค (Duroc, DR) และข้อมูลสุกรลูกผสมที่มาจากฟาร์มสุกรเชิงพาณิชย์ จำนวน 158,313 บันทึก เป็นข้อมูลของแม่สุกรที่คลอดในปี 2549 ถึง 2562 ถูกนำมาวิเคราะห์อิทธิพลของปัจจัยคงที่ด้วยวิธี GLM ในโปรแกรม SAS และประมาณค่าองค์ประกอบความแปรปรวนด้วยวิธี average information restricted maximum likelihood (AI - REML) ผลการศึกษาพบว่า พันธุ์สุกรและลำดับอุ้มท้องมีอิทธิพลต่อทุกลักษณะที่ทำการศึกษาอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P < 0.05) ฝูง - ปี - เดือนที่ผสมพันธุ์มีอิทธิพลต่อระยะเวลาอุ้มท้องของแม่สุกร (gestation length, GL) และจำนวนลูกสุกรแรกเกิดทั้งหมด (total number of piglets born, TB) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P < 0.05) ฝูง - ปี - เดือนที่แม่สุกรคลอดลูกมีอิทธิพลต่อจำนวนลูกสุกรเกิดมีชีวิต (number of piglets born alive, BA) จำนวนลูกสุกรตายแรกเกิด (number of stillborn piglets, SB) และน้ำหนักแรกเกิดเฉลี่ยของลูกสุกร (average birth weight, BW) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P < 0.05) ค่าอัตราพันธุกรรมของ GL TB BA SB และ BW มีค่าเท่ากับ 0.20 ± 0.00, 0.10 ± 0.00, 0.09 ± 0.00, 0.03 ± 0.00 และ 0.12 ± 0.01 ตามลำดับ ค่าสหสัมพันธ์ทางพันธุกรรมระหว่าง GL กับ TB และ GL กับ BA มีค่าใกล้ศูนย์ (P < 0.05) ไม่พบความสัมพันธ์ทางพันธุกรรมระหว่าง GL กับ SB และ GL กับ BW (P > 0.05) ค่าสหสัมพันธ์ทางพันธุกรรมระหว่าง TB กับ BA มีค่าเท่ากับ 0.99 ± 0.00 ค่าสหสัมพันธ์ทางพันธุกรรมระหว่าง TB กับ SB และ BA กับ SB มีค่าเท่ากับ 0.49 ± 0.05 และ 0.40 ± 0.05 ตามลำดับ และค่าสหสัมพันธ์ทางพันธุกรรมระหว่าง TB กับ BW และ BA กับ BW มีค่าเท่ากับ -0.56 ± 0.03 และ -0.59 ± 0.02 ตามลำดับ แนวโน้มทางพันธุกรรมของ GL มีค่าเพิ่มขึ้น 0.02 ± 0.01 และ 0.03 ± 0.01 วันต่อปี ในสุกรพันธุ์ LR และ LW ตามลำดับ และมีค่าลดลงเท่ากับ -0.02 ± 0.01 วันต่อปี ในสุกรพันธุ์ 50LW แนวโน้มทางพันธุกรรมของ TB และ BA ในสุกรพันธุ์ LR มีค่าเพิ่มขึ้น 0.04 ± 0.01 และ 0.03 ± 0.01 ตัวต่อครอกต่อปี ตามลำดับ จากผลการศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่าการคัดเลือกเพื่อเพิ่ม TB มีผลทำให้ GL สั้นลงแต่เป็นไปอย่างช้า ๆ  อย่างไรก็ตามการคัดเลือก GL ไม่มีผลต่อ SB และ BW แนวโน้มทางพันธุกรรมของ GL มีค่าค่อนข้างต่ำ แสดงว่า ผลของความก้าวหน้าทางพันธุกรรมมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงในแต่ละปีอย่างช้า ๆ
ความสุขในการทำงานและสุขภาวะทางจิตของบุคลากรผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยสารเสพติด
Authors:   , สุวรรณวรบุญ ธนพร
Published: April 2023

การศึกษาครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงพรรณนา ณ ช่วงเวลาใดเวลาหนึ่ง มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความสุขในการทำงานและสุขภาวะทางจิตของบุคลากรผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยสารเสพติด รวมถึงปัจจัยที่มีความเกี่ยวข้องกับความสุขในการทำงานของบุคลากรผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยสารเสพติด กลุ่มตัวอย่างเป็นบุคลากรผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยสารเสพติด ที่ทำงานในสถาบันบำบัดรักษาและฟื้นฟูผู้ติดยาเสพติดแห่งชาติบรมราชชนนี จำนวน 230 คน โดยส่งแบบสอบถามให้กลุ่มตัวอย่างจำนวน 230 ฉบับ และได้รับแบบสอบถามที่มีความสมบูรณ์คืนเป็นจำนวน 193 ฉบับ คิดเป็นร้อยละ 83.91 เก็บข้อมูลระหว่างเดือนกรกฎาคม - กันยายน พ.ศ. 2563 ด้วยวิธีเก็บข้อมูลจากกลุ่มประชากรตัวอย่างที่ตรงตามเกณฑ์การคัดเข้าทั้งหมด เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้ ประกอบด้วย แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล แบบสอบถามความสุขใจในการทำงาน และแบบประเมินสุขภาวะทางจิต วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนา ได้แก่ ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย  ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน จากนั้นหาความสัมพันธ์โดยใช้สถิติเชิงอนุมาน ได้แก่ Chi-square, Logistic Regression  และใช้ Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient ในการวิเคราะห์ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์ระหว่างค่าระดับความสุขในการทำงาน กับระดับสุขภาวะทางจิต
ผลการศึกษาพบว่า กลุ่มตัวอย่างมีระดับความสุขในการทำงานอยู่ในระดับสูงร้อยละ55.8 ระดับปานกลางร้อยละ42.7 ระดับต่ำร้อยละ1.0 ระดับสูงมากร้อยละ 0.5 ค่าเฉลี่ยระดับความสุขในการทำงานเท่ากับ 3.55 คะแนน ค่าส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน 0.45 และพบว่ากลุ่มตัวอย่างมีระดับสุขภาวะทางจิตอยู่ในระดับสูงร้อยละ52.3 ระดับปานกลางร้อยละ28.5 ระดับต่ำร้อยละ19.2 ค่าเฉลี่ยระดับสุขภาวะทางจิตเท่ากับ 73.31 คะแนน ค่าส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน 14.23 ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับระดับความสุขในการทำงานอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ(p < 0.05) ได้แก่ ความเพียงพอของรายได้ อายุงานที่น้อยกว่า 15 ปี ประเภทผู้ป่วยสารเสพติดที่มักจะบำบัดรักษา/ติดต่อด้วย อันได้แก่ การไม่ได้ดูแลผู้ป่วยที่ติดสารเสพติดประเภท ฝิ่น มอร์ฟีน เฮโรอีน,กัญชา และ ใบกระท่อมเป็นหลัก รวมถึงระดับสุขภาวะทางจิตที่สูง ผลการศึกษาครั้งนี้สามารถใช้เป็นข้อมูลสำหรับหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้อง ในการให้คำแนะนำ การจัดกิจกรรมส่งเสริมความสุขในการทำงานของบุคลากรผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยสารเสพติด หรือหาแนวทางในการส่งเสริมและสนับสนุนความสุขของบุคลากรผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยสารเสพติดอย่างเหมาะสมต่อไป
การพัฒนาหลักสูตรฝึกอบรมโดยประยุกต์แนวคิดการจัดการเรียนรู้ฐานสมรรถนะร่วมกับชุมชนแห่งการเรียนรู้ทางวิชาชีพเพื่อเสริมสร้างความสามารถในการออกแบบการจัดการเรียนรู้เรื่องความปลอดภัยในชีวิตของครูสุขศึกษา
Authors:   , สมกระโทก ชญาภัสร์
Published: April 2023

การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาความต้องการจำเป็นเพื่อเสริมสร้างความสามารถในการออกแบบการจัดการเรียนรู้เรื่องความปลอดภัยในชีวิตของครูสุขศึกษา 2) พัฒนาหลักสูตรฝึกอบรมโดยประยุกต์แนวคิดการจัดการเรียนรู้ฐานสมรรถนะร่วมกับชุมชนแห่งการเรียนรู้ทางวิชาชีพเพื่อเสริมสร้างความสามารถในการออกแบบการจัดการเรียนรู้เรื่องความปลอดภัยในชีวิตของครูสุขศึกษา 3) ประเมินประสิทธิผลหลักสูตรฝึกอบรมที่พัฒนาขึ้น กลุ่มตัวอย่างที่ใช้ในการศึกษาความต้องการจำเป็น คือ ครูผู้สอนสุขศึกษา ในโรงเรียนประถมศึกษา จำนวน 401 คน ได้จากการสุ่มตัวอย่างแบบแบ่งชั้น และกลุ่มตัวอย่างที่ใช้ในการประเมินประสิทธิผลหลักสูตรฝึกอบรม คือ ครูผู้สอนสุขศึกษา ในโรงเรียนประถมศึกษา จำนวน 30 คน ได้จากการเลือกแบบเจาะจง และผ่านเกณฑ์คัดเข้า ทำการเก็บข้อมูล 2 ครั้ง คือ ก่อนการทดลองและหลังการทดลอง นำข้อมูลที่ได้มาหาค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน วิเคราะห์ความต้องการจำเป็นด้วยการใช้เทคนิค Modified Priority Needs Index ในการจัดลำดับความสำคัญของความต้องการจำเป็น และทดสอบด้วยสถิติที

ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) ความสามารถในการออกแบบการจัดการเรียนรู้เรื่องความปลอดภัยในชีวิต ประกอบด้วย 6 องค์ประกอบ ได้แก่ (1) การวิเคราะห์ผู้เรียน (2) การกำหนดจุดประสงค์การเรียนรู้เชิงพฤติกรรม (3) การคัดเลือกและการกำหนดสาระการเรียนรู้ (4) การกำหนดกิจกรรมการจัดการเรียนรู้ (5) การพัฒนาหรือเลือกใช้สื่อและแหล่งการเรียนรู้ และ(6) การออกแบบการวัดและประเมินผลการเรียนรู้ โดยพบว่า มี 3 องค์ประกอบที่มีค่าความต้องการจำเป็น ได้แก่ (1) การกำหนดกิจกรรมการจัดการเรียนรู้ มีค่า PNI modified เท่ากับ .41 (2) การพัฒนาหรือเลือกใช้สื่อ และแหล่งการเรียนรู้ มีค่า PNI modified เท่ากับ .36 และ (3) การออกแบบการวัดและประเมินผลการเรียนรู้ มีค่า PNI modified เท่ากับ .33 2) หลักสูตรที่พัฒนาขึ้นมี 8 องค์ประกอบ ได้แก่ (1) หลักการและเหตุผลของหลักสูตรฝึกอบรม (2) จุดมุ่งหมายของหลักสูตรฝึกอบรม (3) โครงสร้างเนื้อหาของหลักสูตรฝึกอบรม (4) กิจกรรมการฝึกอบรม (5) สื่อและแหล่งการเรียนรู้ประกอบการฝึกอบรม (6) ระยะเวลาฝึกอบรม (7) การวัดและประเมินผลหลักสูตรฝึกอบรม และ(8) แผนการจัดการฝึกอบรม  3) ประสิทธิผลหลักสูตรฝึกอบรมที่พัฒนาขึ้นส่งผลให้กลุ่มทดลองมีความสามารถในการออกแบบการจัดการเรียนรู้เรื่องความปลอดภัยในชีวิตหลังการทดลองสูงกว่าก่อนการทดลองอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05
การพัฒนาโปรแกรมส่งเสริมความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็กของนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้นโดยประยุกต์แนวคิดปรากฏการณ์เป็นฐานร่วมกับการเรียนรู้แบบผสมผสาน
Authors:   , พึ่งเกตุ ญาณิศา
Published: April 2023

การวิจัยนี้วัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาระดับความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็กของนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้นในเขตกรุงเทพมหานคร 2) พัฒนาโปรแกรมส่งเสริมความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็กของนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้นโดยประยุกต์ใช้แนวคิดปรากฏการณ์เป็นฐานร่วมกับการเรียนรู้แบบผสมผสาน และ 3) ศึกษาประสิทธิผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็กของนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้นที่พัฒนาขึ้น การศึกษาระดับความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็กของนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้นในเขตกรุงเทพมหานคร กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ นักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้น จำนวน 470 คน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ ได้แก่ แบบวัดความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็ก วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติเชิงบรรยาย ได้แก่ จำนวน ค่าร้อยละ ส่วนการศึกษาประสิทธิผลของโปรแกรมที่พัฒนาขึ้น กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ นักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้น จำนวน 60 คน ได้จากการสุ่มตัวอย่างแบบง่ายใน 1 โรงเรียนที่สมัครใจเข้าร่วมโปรแกรมที่พัฒนาขึ้นและผ่านเกณฑ์คัดเข้า วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยการหาค่าเฉลี่ย จำนวน ร้อยละ ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน ทดสอบด้วยสถิติทีที่ระดับนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ .05

ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) นักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้นในเขตกรุงเทพมหานครมีระดับความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็กโดยรวมอยู่ในระดับพอใช้ 2) โปรแกรมที่พัฒนาขึ้นประกอบด้วยกิจกรรม 8 กิจกรรม คือ 2.1) สร้างความรู้คู่ฝุ่นจิ๋ว 2.2) ช่องทางที่ฉันเลือกเชื่อถือได้แค่ไหน 2.3) จนกว่าจะสื่อสาร (ฝุ่น) เข้าใจกัน 2.4) ความสามารถสู้ฝุ่นของฉัน 2.5) ข่าวจริงหรือข่าวปลอม 2.6) การตัดสินใจที่ฉันเลือก 2.7) ลับสมองสู้ฝุ่น 2.8) เรียนรู้อย่างสร้างสรรค์ มีค่าดัชนีความสอดคล้องเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 0.82 3) ประสิทธิผลของโปรแกรมที่พัฒนาขึ้นส่งผลให้ค่าเฉลี่ยของคะแนนความฉลาดรู้ทางสุขภาพเกี่ยวกับฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็กของนักเรียนกลุ่มทดลองและกลุ่มควบคุม ในระยะหลังการทดลองแตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ.05
Association between pm2.5 concentrations and hospitalization cases for schizophrenia and mood disorders in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam from 2019 to 2020
Authors:   , Thuong Do
Published: April 2023

The evidence for adverse effects of ambient particulate matter pollution on mental and behavioral disorders (MBDs) is limited. Until now, few epidemiological studies have focused on this field, especially in developing countries. With the changes in concentrations and sources of air pollution over the past decade in Vietnam lead to high levels of air pollutants, especially particulate matters including PM2.5. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate the acute effects of outdoor air pollution on MBDs. However, no Vietnamese study has looked into the short-term effect of PM2.5 on hospitalization for MBDs.

To examine the association between PM2.5 and the cases for total MBDs, Schizophrenia and Mood disorder from June 2019 to December 2020 at Ho Chi Minh City Mental health hospital. A quasi-Poisson time series regression model was used to determine the association between PM2.5 exposure and daily hospital admission for all-cause mental disorders and two specific disorders including Schizophrenia and Mood disorder. A natural cubic regression smooth function was adopted to filter out long term trends and seasonality and stratified analyses were also performed by age, gender and season. Besides, to estimate the delayed effect, we examined the association in distributed lag models when lag terms were modelled one at a time (from lag0 to lag7). We select the most optimal model based on the Q-AIC criterion (Akaike Information Criterion).

In total, 3,513 hospital admissions for MBDs were collected from HCMC Mental health hospital in 2019-2020. The number of hospital admissions of Schizophrenia was nearly four times of Mood disorder (1,724 vs 447 admissions, respectively). Data from monitoring stations suggested that the daily concentration of PM2.5 ranged from 8.7 to 66.0 μg/m3 with a mean of 25.6 μg/m3. Results revealed that each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at lag 7 for MBDs and Schizophrenia corresponded to an increase of 1.25 (95%CI: 1.03 – 1.52), 1.45 (95%CI: 1.12-1.89) in daily hospital admission among the elderly, respectively.

Our study demonstrated that the elderly in HCMC have an increased risk of MBDs admissions due to the high level of PM2.5 concentration in the city's ambient air. These findings have provided evidence for building public health policies to prevent and minimize the adverse health effects of air pollution on the elderly.
Association between smartphone addiction and mental health among high school students in Bangkok, Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Authors:   , Doungraksa Suphasuta
Published: April 2023

The technology today is rapidly and continuously intervening into people’s lives, and when people become too addict to electronic devices has shown series of abnormality of health problems which including both physical and mental.  As it mentioned, the study aims to examine the relationship of smartphone addiction and mental health specifically in depression, anxiety, and stress.  This study aims to investigate the relationship between smartphone addiction and mental health among high school students in Bangkok, Thailand.  There were sample of 420 high school students in Bangkok, Thailand who participated in self-administrated questionnaires for a cross-sectional study of smartphone addiction and mental health.  The prevalence of smartphone addiction among high school students in Bangkok, Thailand was 52.1.   Additionally, there were significant association found between smartphone addiction and depression [OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.16 – 4.13], anxiety [OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.36 – 3.45].  In contrast, there was no significant association found between smartphone addiction and stress [OR 3.73, 95% CI 0.77 – 17.95].  The prevalence of depression was 13.3%, the prevalence of anxiety was 30.2%, and the prevalence of stress was 3.3%.  As the significant values were found in smartphone addiction and depression, anxiety, but not stress among high school students in Bangkok, Thailand.  Therefore, for further research, investigation in other spectrums of mental health should be considered.
Factors associated with retirement preparation among formalworkers in near retirement age: A cross-sectional study
Authors:   , Kulabut Nuttapat
Published: April 2023

In the past few decades, the fast-growing life expectancy has raised concern over retirement issues worldwide, including in Thailand. While insufficient preparation for retirement has been known to link with negative impacts on both physical and mental health of retirees, there is still little research done on retirement preparation and planning among the Thai older person. Thus, the present study aims to determine the level of retirement preparation among formal workers at near retirement age in a public sector. This study was conducted in May-June 2021 via a 45-minute self-administered questionnaire with 226 participants aged 55-59 years old; participants were selected using systematic random sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to assess the information of sociodemographic characteristics, health status and retirement preparation. All data were analyzed by descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. First, the results showed that the formal workers near retirement age in a public sector are divided into 40.3 percent female and 59.7 percent male. Most participants had a senior high school education and a couple's marital status. Many of them lived with the children, in their own accommodation together with 3-4 family members. The monthly income of participants is between 15,001 to 25,000 baht, and more than 90.3 percent of them received employee welfare benefits. Overall, participants were not preparing for retirement very well. Less than half (47.3 percent) having the preparation for retirement at a moderate level. Although 23.5 percent of participants reported that they have a high level, more than a quarter (29.2 percent) fall far short of retirement preparation. Second, quality of life and perceptions of job satisfaction were found to have a major influence on the level of retirement preparation among formal workers in near retirement age. The result of this study was expected to be useful for public sector to review and planning of retirement preparation behavior for formal workers before retirement.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care personnel from government hospitals in Yangon region, Myanmar
Authors:   , Aung Za
Published: April 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 has disastrously impacted on the human being resulting with a great number of deaths and somewhat negative mental health outcomes across the countries. A dramatic rise in transmission and death rate had profoundly hit Myanmar during the second wave especially in epicenter Yangon. The burden of managing COVID-19 have led the health care personnel (HCP) into both physical and mental exhaustion.This study intended to estimate mental health impact among HCP by quantifying the magnitude of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress and to determine associated factors.

A cross-sectional, online based self-administered questionnaire was used to gather the data from health care personnel in Yangon Region who were directly participating in COVID-19 management. Depression, anxiety and stress were measured by using DASS-21. Predictive factors were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate binary logistics regression.The study was carried out receiving 406 respondents including 75.0% nurses, 18.0 % doctors and 6.7% laboratory technicians. The participants with moderately to extremely severe symptoms, who required further consultation for depression, anxiety and stress were 15.5%, 17.9% and 8.9% respectively. Stigma experienced by HCP was significantly associated with higher odds of exhibiting severe symptoms of depression (AOR: 2.34, 95%CI: 1.13-4.87) and anxiety (AOR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.08-3.45). Those who have lost their loved one during pandemic was significantly associated with higher chance of getting depressed (AOR: 3.71, 95%CI: 1.53-8.99) and stressed (AOR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.02-6.39). HCP who tested COVID-19 positive was also significantly more likely to suffer from depression (AOR: 2.45, 95%CI: 1.03-5.82) and anxiety (AOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.17 – 6.57). Furthermore, presence of children in family was found less likely to be suffering from anxiety (AOR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.17 - 0.90) while insufficiency of government support was significantly associated with higher odds of exhibiting high-level anxiety (AOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.22 – 5.08).The study finding revealed a significant proportion of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were prevalent among HCP during COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health of HCP should be taken immediate attention by raising awareness of stigma against HCP, providing both physical and psychosocial needs, and ensuring family support system.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards social distancing among undergraduate students in medical fields during rapid rise of COVID-19 in Samarinda City, Indonesia : a cross sectional study
Authors:   , Aspan Siti
Published: April 2023

Social distancing is health guidelines recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) for controlling the COVID-19 transmission. Undergraduate students in medical fields had responsibility in spreading accurate health promotion during this prolong pandemic. This study aimed to determine the practice of social distancing and its associated factors, to find out the reasons for not practicing social distancing along with the source of social distancing information used by undergraduate students in medical fields in Samarinda, Indonesia. This cross-sectional online survey study (April to May 2021) involved 422 undergraduate students from medicine, public health and pharmacy faculty using convenience sampling technique. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with the dependent variable with a significance value <0.05. A self-administered questionnaire was validated with Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) index and reliability tested with Cronbach’s Alpha and KR 20 prior to data collection. Out of 422 respondents involved with age range 18-25 years old, dominantly female students (76.8%), and mostly are pharmacy students (45.0%). The result indicated that majority of respondents have good knowledge level (65.5%), positive attitude (53.3%), and good level practice of social distancing (52.1%). Regression analysis showed that age (AOR 1.47; 95% CI 1.97-2.22, p=0.045), sex (AOR 2.26; 95% CI 1.38-3.69, p=0.001) and attitude (AOR 2.61, 95% CI: 1.75, 3.90, p<0.001) were associated with social distancing practices. Top three source of social distancing information mainly used were social media (80.6%), websites (14.0%), and television (3.8%). Top three reasons for not practicing social distancing were 1) Social pressure, 2) work duties and 3) uncomfortable feelings. Age and sex were the important significant factors of social distancing practice among undergraduate students in medical fields. Our study findings suggest the government to disseminate more health education using social media and involve students in medical fields on deploys health campaigns.
Maternal knowledge, attitude and practices on the dietary omega 3 and 6 in children aged 1-2 years old in Labuhanbatu Utara regency, Indonesia
Authors:   , Purba Sinar
Published: April 2023

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries with low quality human resources including the issue on cognitive performances from brain functioning creativity. In the effort to fulfil Omega 3 and 6 in children aged 1-2 years, the most responsible person to the period are mothers. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the level of maternal knowledge, attitude, and practices and factors associated with the dietary omega 3 and 6 consumption in children aged 1-2 years old in Labuhanbatu Utara, Indonesia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 428 mothers of children aged 1-2 years using a face-to-face interview with a structured questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling was drawn from villages in eight subdistricts of Labura. Frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were presented for descriptive analysis. Chi-square and Binary logistic regression were used to describe the relationship between the selected independent variables and level of good maternal practices with statistically significant at p-value <0.05.Results: Almost half of participants has good level of knowledge (41.8%). Whereas only 7.2% and 2.3% of all participants have good level of attitude and practice on dietary omega 3 and 6, respectively. Eight variables (Pentecostal-religion, living in urban area, malay-ethnic, sex of subjected children, current breastfeeding, and sources of information, along with a fair level of attitude were significantly associated with the good level of maternal practices on consumption of omega 3 and 6 to the children aged 1-2 years.Conclusion: The study found that many factors were associated with good maternal practices on consumption of dietary omega 3 and 6 among 1-2 years old children in Labuhanbatu Utara, Indonesia. Therefore, further research and intervention focuses on those factors, especially on attitude of the mothers should be considered.
Pharmacognostic specification and rotenone content in derris elliptica stems, macroscopic, microscopic and molecular identification of selected derris species in Thailand
Authors:   , Phairoh Krittapat
Published: April 2023

The genus Derris belonging to Fabaceae family are distributed along the equatorial zone in Africa and Asia. In Thailand, 16 species of Derris species can be found throughout the country. Derris elliptica (Hanglai-Dang), is well-known among fishermen and gardeners as fish poison and insecticide, especially the stem and root which contain isoflavonoid compound named rotenone. This study established the pharmacognostic specification of Derris elliptica dried stem crude drug and developed the quantitative analysis of rotenone content in D. elliptica stem using TLC-densitometry and image analysis. The physico-chemical parameters of D. elliptica stem included total ash, acid-insoluble ash, loss on drying and water contents that should not be more than 7, 1, 5 and 8 g/ 100g crude drug, respectively. The ethanol and water extractive values should not be less than 4 and 11 g/ 100 g crude drug, respectively. Microscopic characteristics (transverse section and powder) of D.elliptica stem were illustrated by hand drawing. Rotenone contents obtained from both quantitative TLC were 0.2870 ± 0.1242 and 0.2844 ±0.1209 g/100 g crude drug, respectively which was not statistically significantly different (P > 0.05). In vitro biological activities of the stem ethanolic extract and rotenone revealed the antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory properties and brine shrimp toxicity. MTT assay revealed that the ethanolic extract and rotenone were marginal cytotoxic (LC50 > 20 µg/ml) against the cancer cells (MAD-231, HepG2, HT-29, CaCo-2). Microscopic leaf characteristics including leaf constant numbers of 8 Derris ( D. amonea, D. malaccensis, D. elliptica, D. reticulate, D. trifoliate, D. indica, D. solorioides ) were shown that stomatal number, stomata index, palisade ratio, epidermal cell area, trichome number could be used as the identification key for selected 8 species. DNA fingerprinting using ISSR 11, 12, 14, 17 and 35 as primers produced a total of distinct and reproducible 256 bands. The genetic relationship among selected Derris species presented the similarity index between 0.11 to 0.43. The information from this research can be applied for identification of D. elliptica stems in Thailand as well as providing the information of pharmacogenetic specification, including rotenone content in and in vitro biological properties of D. elliptica stem.
Pharmacognostic specification and rosmarinic acid content of mentha cordifolia leaves and stems in Thailand
Authors:   , Chamnanthongpiwan Ploychat
Published: April 2023

Mentha cordifolia Opiz ex Fresen. is one of the popular Thai kitchen herbs due to its unique aroma and benefits to human health such as helping to relieve colds, fever, motion sickness and poor digestion problems. This study aimed to specify the quality parameters of M. cordifolia dried leaves and stems with special reference to rosmarinic acid (RA) contents. The pharmacognostic specifications of leaf and stem crude drugs were investigated including microscopic cross-sectioning of leaf and stem as well as leaf constant numbers; physico-chemical contents i.e. acid-insoluble ash, total ash, loss on drying, moisture, extractive matters and volatile oil. The chemical constituents of the volatile oil were analyzed by GC/MS. TLC fingerprints of these crude drugs were demonstrated. The ethanolic extracts were prepared exhaustively using Soxhlet apparatus. RA quantitative analysis was made by reverse phased high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) using intentsil® ODS-3 column as stationary phase and methanol: 0.2% phosphoric acid (45% : 55%) as mobile phase. The results demonstrated the anatomical characters of leaf and stem cross-sections. The stomata (diacytic type) were found in upper and lower sides of leaf. The microscopic leaf constant numbers were found to be as follows: upper stomatal index 2.85 ± 0.64, upper trichome index 045 ± 0.44, upper oil gland index 3.09 ± 0.89, upper epidermal cell area 2128.64 ± 182.80 µm2, palisade ratio 4.63 ± 0.35; lower stomatal index 19.95 ± 2.65, lower trichome index 0.46 ± 0.33, lower oil gland index 5.97 ± 1.75 and lower epidermal cell area 1793.52 ±262.45 µm2. The physico-chemical specification demonstrated the contents of acid-insoluble ash, total ash, loss on drying and moisture in leaf should not be more than 1.98, 9.41, 7.06 and 10.50 % by weight respectively; the ethanol-soluble extractive matter, water-soluble extractive matter and volatile oil in leaf should not be less than 5.04, 15.23 and 0.36 % by weight respectively. The main chemical compound in the volatile oil was piperitenone oxide (73.22%). The specification contents of acid-insoluble ash, total ash, loss on drying and moisture in stem should not be more than 1.63, 8.41, 7.04, 10.01 % by weight respectively; the ethanol-soluble extractive matter and water-soluble extractive matter in stem should not be less than 5.20 and 16.60 % by weight respectively. RP-HPLC analysis revealed the RA content in leaf as 1.92 ± 1.26 and in stem as 0.99 ± 0.41 g/100 g by dry weight.
Pharmacognostic specifications and chlorogenic acid content of morus alba linn. Leaves in Thailand
Authors:   , Aiyarakanchanakun Phimkun
Published: April 2023

Morus alba Linn., belonging to Moraceae family, is commonly used as an herb. M. alba leaves are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine and Thai traditional medicine. It used to treat colds caused by wind-heat, sore throat, cough, eye inflammation, etc. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacognostic specifications and analyze the content of chlorogenic acid in M. alba leaves. M. alba leaves were collected from 15 different sources throughout Thailand. The fresh mature leaves were used for macroscopic and microscopic evaluations. The macroscopic details were illustrated as drawings. The microscopic evaluation showed the details of the leaf constant number and the cross-section of the midrib. M. alba leaves were cleaned and dried for analysis of pharmacologic specification. The parameters included water content (7.97 ± 0.35%), water-extractive value (16.14 ± 0.50%), ethanol-extractive value (8.61 ± 0.39%), loss on drying (4.55 ± 0.21%), total ash (14.38 ± 0.25%) and acid-insoluble ash (6.21 ± 0.37%). The preliminary phytochemical examination of M. alba leaves showed the detection of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids and triterpenes. The dried M. alba leaves were extracted with 95% ethanol by using Soxhlet apparatus. The quantitative analysis of chlorogenic acid content was analyzed by using RP-HPLC. A C18 column was used as a stationary phase and methanol: 0.2% phosphoric acid (45%: 55%) was used as a mobile phase. The content of chlorogenic acid of M. alba leaves was found to be 0.4159 ± 0.20 g/100g by dry weight.
Factors contributing to pharmacists’ turnover intention: a systematic review
Authors:   , Thin Su
Published: April 2023

Pharmacist turnover could negatively impact not only work efficiency, organizational performance, work productivity, and customer satisfaction but also the quality of pharmaceutical services and patient safety. The turnover intention was a core antecedent of turnover, therefore, this study aimed to systematically review the extent of pharmacists’ actual turnover and their intention to leave their jobs or the pharmacy profession, and to elaborate on the factors affecting the pharmacists’ turnover intention and their associations. Studies related to any factors affecting pharmacists’ turnover intention in all pharmacy settings were included. The QualSyst assessment tool was used for assessing the quality of the included studies. Twenty-eight studies were contained in this systematic review. Fifteen studies (53.6%) were conducted from the US, 3 studies (10.7%) from Taiwan, 2 studies (7.1%) from the UK, and the remaining studies from Lithuania, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, and Jamaica. The actual turnover of the pharmacists from their jobs was ranged in 8.6-17% and the actual turnover from the pharmacy profession was in the range of 6-9%. The turnover intention of the pharmacists in their jobs was ranged from 13% to 61.2% and the turnover intention in the pharmacy profession was 6.5% to 18.8%. Hospital pharmacists had significantly higher turnover intentions than community ones. The turnover intention rates of both hospital and community pharmacists were gradually increased over time in both European countries and Asian countries. From 20 included studies, 30 factors were explored and a model for pharmacists’ turnover intention was produced. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, career commitment, job stress, perceived organizational support, and work climate were frequently found as drivers to pharmacist turnover intention. Some of the other 24 factors had both direct and indirect effects on pharmacist turnover intention via organizational commitment, job satisfaction, career commitment, job stress, and perceived organizational support. Many studies reported that organizational commitment and job satisfaction had a significant influence on pharmacist turnover intention in all settings. Job stress and work climate had direct and indirect effects on the turnover intention of hospital pharmacists. Career commitment and perceived organizational support had direct and indirect effects on community pharmacist turnover intention. Our systematic review was beneficial to guide human resource management in pharmacy and useful for guiding the conceptual framework of future research studies.
Economic development of Burma (1948-1958): the clash between the capitalist-based economic plan and socialist ideology implementation
Authors:   , Htet Kyaw
Published: April 2023

Over 100 years of under British colony, Burma was liberated in 1948 inheritingmost of the colonial system especially in the administration and legal system however adopted the different political doctrine since the beginning. Socialism was chosen as the state ideology during the independent struggle and made it concrete by the AFPFL leaders especially by PM U Nu. Though widely hailed as a Socialist state yet not in the form of typical Socialist state seen in those Soviet-sphere countries but her own style combining the welfare system with
traditional Buddhist culture.

The first attempt of economic development on national scale was drafted with the help of U.S. engineering and economic consultants assisted by the U.S. government. The opposite nature of these two doctrines, the so-called Socialist State and the Economic plan rooted in the Capitalism resulted in the failure ofBurma economic development during the 1950s.

This research will argue that the failure of economic development in Burma during the 1948-1958 was the result of the clash between the Capitalist-based economic plan and Socialist ideology implementation. The economic plan proposed or laid down by the U.S technicians to revitalize the economy back into the colonial period whereas the objective of U Nu, the then PM, and AFPFL Government was to apply socialist planned economy and the fraction of these two opposite political doctrines caused the disaster.
The adaptation of the Kongtek ritual in Bangkok's China Town
Authors:   , Hu Jincheng
Published: April 2023

This thesis examines the Kongtek ritual characteristics in Bangkok’s Chinatown through fieldwork conducted at several temples. Kongtek rituals in Bangkok’s Chinatown retain the core essence of Chinese Kongtek in terms of filial piety and Confucian kinship conception, while adapted in some respects to be compatible with Thai Buddhist beliefs and practices. Those adapted parts include what kind of coffin they use, where the Kongtek rituals take place, the collaboration with Theravada Buddhist funeral chant, the motif design of paper offerings, and so on. Sino-Thai’s Chinese ethnic identity is not how orthodox they live their lives in Chinese ways, but rather it is whether they still consider themselves as Chinese. The Kongtek ritual is very important for Sino-Thai to maintain their ethnic identity because as one of the most important life passage ceremony, it renders a precious occasion to remind Sino-Thai of where they are from and who they are. The adapted Kongtek ritual in Bangkok’s Chinatown chiefly serves these functions of maintaining Chinese identity and therapy for recovering from grief. Nevertheless, Kongtek tradition is destined to decline in Bangkok.
Surveillance and histopathological study of microplastics in marine fish from the gulf of Thailand
Authors:   , Srisiri Sirawich
Published: April 2023

Microplastic (MP) problems have been threatened aquatic environment worldwide for decades. This study demonstrated current MP contamination characteristics in marine food fishes from the upper Gulf of Thailand. MPs were found in gastrointestinal tracts of 46.86% of fish samples, which were 1.556±0.47 pieces per fish or 0.035±0.014 pieces per gram of fish bodyweight. No plastics were detected from muscle, liver, kidney or gonad of the fishes. There was a significant relationship between MP contamination and fish species or the fish grouping. Benthic fish had a higher contamination rate than pelagic fish. Fiber-type and blue color were the most abundant MPs characteristic observed. The most common polymer was polyester, followed by polyethylene. Polyester was a dominant polymer among benthic fishes while polyethylene dominant in pelagic fishes. The contamination of MPs was not related to histopathological lesions in natural marine fishes. The expected MPs exposure of Thai marine fish consumers were 0.06 pieces per person per day for general marine fish and 0.095 pieces per person per day for Short Mackerel. The expected exposure risk from consuming fish muscle and risk from fishmeal consuming animal were still relatively low. Continuing surveillance and exposure assessment are crucial in determining MP risks to human health in near future.
Development of nanostructured lipid carrier clove oil as anesthetic agent in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors:   , Kaewmalun Somrudee
Published: April 2023

Clove oil is an essential oil extracted from the dried buds and leaves of the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum). Clove oil contains eugenol as the main active ingredient. Clove oil used as an anesthesia functions as calming effect, loss of equilibrium, non-reactivity and consciousness in lead to reduce activity, physiological stress, mortality rate, and preventing cannibalism method during handling and transportation. However, the component of clove oil is insoluble in water and must be dissolved in ethanol. So, clove oil ethanolic solution leading to toxic and irritation in animal and user. In this study, to avoid this side effect, the anesthetic preparation of clove oil without ethanol is an attempt to be developed. We have prepared a new generation of clove oil in the form of NLCs to enhance water miscibility, high efficacy, better physical stability, and low toxicity compared with STD clove oil. The clove oil NLCs obtained were characterized in terms of physicochemical, efficacy, toxicity and biodistribution of clove oil NLCs. The results showed that clove oil NLCs had particle size of 175.07 ± 0.72 nm, zeta potential of -48.37 ± .38, PDI of 0.115 ± 0.230. Clove oil NLCs have spherical particle shape, %encapsulation efficiency of clove oil NPs was 88.55% and demonstrated sustained release of active ingredients. The anesthetic effects of clove oil were studied in white shrimp (average 3 g). Clove oil concentration at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 and 200 ppm of clove oil NLCs and STD clove oil were used in study. The results showed no effect of clove oil to white shrimp at 10 ppm of both groups. After exposure to clove oil NLCs at 30 ppm, showed the shrimp can be started to stage 2 (Complete loss of equilibrium) while shrimp of STD clove oil group be started to stage 2 within 5 minutes at concentrations of 50 ppm. The optimum concentration of anesthetic was 30 ppm in shrimp which induced shrimp to stage 2 within 5 minutes after exposure to Clove oil NLCs. The toxicity of clove oil to different concentration of clove oil was studied and median lethal concentration (LC50) at 48 h were report in toxicity study. The result show that the STD clove oil concentration of 140 ppm resulted in median lethal concentration (LC50 48h), whereas the concentration of 140 ppm of clove NLCs led to a 0% mortality over a 48-h period. And the result of biodistribution study of clove, it was found that shrimp in clove oil NLCs group was able to excrete clove oil from the body within 30 minutes but shrimp in STD clove oil group was still detected clove oil in shrimp. In conclusion, the clove oil NLCs has been successfully developed with enhanced water miscibility, increased high anesthetic efficacy with a sustained release, reduction of clove oil toxicity and clove oil NLCs do not accumulate on the shrimp body.
The role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on protecting the environment from pollution with chemical pesticides
Authors: Abdul Latif Mithal , Al-Salhi Ahmed , Kata Yahya , Muhammad Mutasim
Published: April 2023

The research aimed to determine the role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on the protection of the rural environment from pollution with chemical pesticides working in the Department of Agricultural Extension and Training and the Department of Agricultural Extension in the directorates of agriculture of Najaf and Qadisiyah, and to determine the role of the agricultural extension in the axis of farmers' use of the correct methods to protect the rural environment from pollution with chemical pesticides and the axis of the reasons that lead farmers to pollute the rural environment with chemical pesticides, and to achieve the objectives of this research prepared A questionnaire in the light of reviewing the relevant literature, legislation, laws and guidance bulletins, consisting of (72) items distributed on (3) axes, namely, the role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on protecting the rural environment from chemical pesticide pollution, the axis of the role of the agricultural extension in the use of farmers the correct methods to protect the rural environment from pesticide pollution, and the axis of the reasons that lead farmers to pollute the rural environment with pesticides, data were collected during the months of July and August / 20 22 by the questionnaire in a personal interview method from a random sample by (100) by (60) agricultural extension, and the results of the research showed that the rate of the role of the agricultural extension in educating farmers about the legislation on environmental protection, The workers in the Department of Agricultural Extension and Training and the agricultural extension departments in the directorates of agriculture of Najaf and Qadisiyah amounted to (58.9 degrees and that the highest percentage was (60%) and falls within the category of the large role , and the results also showed a large role tends to the average in the axis of farmers' use of the correct methods to protect the rural environment from chemical pesticide pollution by (46.7%), The results showed a medium role tends to weak in the axis of the reasons that lead farmers to pollute the rural environment with chemical pesticides by (45), the researchers recommend the adoption of this study by the Ministries of Agriculture and Health and Environment and the need to pay attention to the issue of protecting the rural environment from pollution with chemical pesticides by expanding the scope of training courses, extension seminars and printing guidance bulletins related to this topic to increase and strengthen the role of agricultural extension workers in this field.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS USING THE FUZZY TAHANI AND WASPAS METHODS IN SELECTING TOURISM PLACES TO VISIT IN MAKASSAR
Authors: Mallu Satriawaty , Saharuddin
Published: April 2023

The selection of tourist attractions to be visited, especially the Makassar area requires several reasons, to make a decision which area to visit, several things need to be considered, besides that a Decision Support System is needed to give the best results. The system used is not just one in order to provide more accurate results. Analysis of the Decision Support System to choose the best tourist attractions in Makassar uses two methods, namely: the FUZZY Tahani Method and the WASPAS Method. The results of the analysis provide the best method using the same criteria, then the selection of tourist attractions to be visited in Makassar City. Based on the analysis between the The FUZZY Tahani Method and the WASPAS Method in selecting tourist attractions to be visited in Makassar City, in this case the use of the FUZZY Tahani Method is more appropriate. The object of his research is the decision support system for selection of tourist attractions to be visited. The results of his research showed that in The selection of tourist attractions to be visited using the FUZZY Tahani and WASPAS methods the same results were obtained for the best ranking, A7, but there were differences in the results for the next ranking.