bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHIC CHANGES AFTER PTERYGIUM EXCISION WITH CONJUNCTIVAL AUTOGRAFTING USING SUTURES VERSUS FIBRIN GLUE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Postgraduate Scholar, Department of Ophthalmology, GMC Srinagar., Hassan Asima , Akbar Wani Ejaz ,   Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, GMC Srinagar.
Published: February 2022

Aim: To compare the corneal topographic changes after pterygium excision with conjunctivalautografting using sutures versus fibrin glue. Materials and Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 100 eyes of 100 patients visiting the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology,Government Medical College Srinagar over a period of two years. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups (Group S and Group FG) and underwent complete eye examination along with preoperative corneal topography where corneal astigmatism at central 3mm and total mean refractive power of cornea were noted.50 patients underwent pterygium excision with conjunctivalautografting using 10-0 nylon sutures (Group S) and other 50 underwent same procedure using fibrin glue (Group FG). Corneal topography was again repeated postoperatively in both groups at 2nd week, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month of follow up and results were noted. Results:The mean age of study patients in suture group was41.7Â±8.64 years and in fibrin glue group was39.5Â±9.58 years. The mean corneal astigmatism at central 3mm significantly decreased from 1.95D preoperatively to 0.61D at postoperative 6thmonth following pterygium excision (p-value 0.003) in suture group. The mean preoperative corneal astigmatism in patients in fibrin glue group also decreased from 2.03D preoperatively to 0.62D at 6thmonth postoperative follow up(p value<0.001).The total mean refractive power of cornea increased significantly from 43.17D preoperatively to 44.59 D postoperatively at 6th month of follow up (p value <0.001) in suture group and in fibrin glue group it significantly increased from 43.23D preoperatively to 44.69D at 6thmonth of postoperative follow up (p value < 0.001).However no significant difference was seen in the postoperative corneal astigmatism at central 3mm or total mean refractive power of cornea between the two groups at any follow up. Conclusion:Pterygiumexcision with conjunctiva autografting causes reversal of corneal topographic changes induced by pterygium irrespective of whether fibrin glue or sutures are used for autografting.
REDUCING POST OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (PONV) IN NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES: OUR TERTIARY CARE EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Department of Neuro-anaesthesia and Critical Care, SKIMS Srinagar., Masood Khan Aymen , Ajaz Khan Azhar ,   Department ofUrology, GMC Srinagar., Nazir Kanth Anzeen ,   Department ofPaediatrics, GMC Jammu., Masood Khan Suhail ,   Department ofUrology, GMC Jammu., a Owais ,   Department of Cardiology, GMC Jammu.
Published: February 2022

Aim:Patients undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures were observed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of two different dosages of palonosetron. Materials and Methods:Patients undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures were randomly allocated to one of three groups: control (n = 30), 0.05 mg palonosetron (n = 30), or 0.075 mg palonosetron (n = 30). At the start of the dura mater closure, the medicines were administered intravenously. Anesthesia was maintained with 1 MAC sevoflurane in a 50/50 combination of air and oxygen. The patients were observed for 72 hours after extubation for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Results:The 0.075 mg palonosetron group had considerably less nausea than the control group in the first 6 hours (P = 0.019). At 0â€“72 hours after surgery, the incidences of nausea, retching, and vomiting in the 0.075 mg palonosetron group were considerably lower than in the 0.05 mg palonosetron or saline groups (P 0.001). Conclusion:PONV was decreased more efficiently in the 0.075 mg palonosetron group than in the 0.05 mg palonosetron and control groups in neurosurgicalpatients.
RELAPSING VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN HIV INFECTED PATIENT WITH PERSISTENT LOW TCD4 COUNT: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital - Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh, PB2360 Principal, Ibn SinaAvenue, Marrakesh, Morocco., Raiteb Mohammed , Talibi Alaoui Zahid ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital - Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh, PB2360 Principal, Ibn SinaAvenue, Marrakesh, Morocco., Ihbibane Fatima ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital - Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh, PB2360 Principal, Ibn SinaAvenue, Marrakesh, Morocco., Moutaj Redouane ,   Parasitology and Mycology Department, Avicenne Military Hospital, Al Mouqaouama Street, Marrakesh, Morocco., Tassi Noura ,   Infectious Diseases Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital - Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh, PB2360 Principal, Ibn SinaAvenue, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Published: February 2022

Visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients is marked by a high mortality rate and its frequent relapses. It is characterized by the involvement of organs that are not usually affected in non-immunocompromised patients. We report a case of relapsing visceral leishmaniasis in an HIV-infected patient. HIV infection was discovered simultaneously as the first episode of visceral leishmaniasis. Even after recovery of visceral leishmaniasis and effective antiretroviral treatment with a negative viral load during three years, the TCD4 count remained low, contributing to visceral leishmaniasis relapse. The clinical presentation of the relapse was more severe and atypical, with renal and respiratory involvement leading to his death. Through this case and a literature review, we will discuss the relation between TCD4 count and visceral leishmaniasis in this coinfection.
VALSALVA MACULOPATHY FOLLOWING STRENUOUS ACTIVITY: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Ophthalmologydepartment A, Ibn SinaUniversity Hospital (Hopital Des Specialites), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Amine Ennejjar , Boutaj Taha ,   Ophthalmologydepartment A, Ibn SinaUniversity Hospital (Hopital Des Specialites), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Moutamani Salma ,   Ophthalmologydepartment A, Ibn SinaUniversity Hospital (Hopital Des Specialites), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Amazouzi Abdellah ,   Ophthalmologydepartment A, Ibn SinaUniversity Hospital (Hopital Des Specialites), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Cherkaoui Ouafa ,   Ophthalmologydepartment A, Ibn SinaUniversity Hospital (Hopital Des Specialites), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: February 2022

Valsava maculopathy is one of many causes of premacular hemorrhage. This case report highlights the interest of multimodal imaging in the diagnosis of retinal emergencies which can engage the visual prognosis, especially in a young patient as in our case of Valsalva Maculopathy.A 32 years old male arrived at the ophthalmology emergency for a sudden painless loss of central vision in his left eye after doing some heavy dumbbell exercises without any context of traumatism. After the eye examination, he was been diagnosed with Valsalva maculopathy. The bleeding spontaneously resorbed. Follow-up after 12 weeks was uneventful.
MULTIPLE BRACHIAL PLEXUS SCHWANNOMAS - A RARE CASE
Authors: Hadke Vinayak
Published: February 2022

Background: Schwannoma is a benign encapsulated nerve sheath tumour that arises from the Schwann cells along the course of a nerve and can affect the third to 12th cranial nerves, peripheral and autonomic nerves. Schwannoma was first described by Verocay in 1908. Schwannoma rarely affects brachial plexus, accounting for 5% of all cases of schwannoma. Case: 38year old female patient presented with a left axillary mass noticed since 1 year. The mass was slowly increasing in size and was painful associated with tingling and numbness over medial aspect of left arm, forearm and hand. MRI was Suggestive of multiple, well defined, round to oval altered signal intensity lesions noted in infraclavicular region of axilla and upper arm on left side along the course of neurovascular bundles. On exploration left brachial plexus through left axillary approach , total of 11 nerve sheath tumours noted and dissected from territory of medial brachial cutaneous nerve and intercostobrachial nerve of the left arm. Histopathology report was suggestive of left axillary schwannoma with no evidence of malignancy. Conclusion: SchwannomaÂ’s around neck and axilla region are uncommon lesions arising from peripheral nerves and should be considered as one of the differential while evaluation.
EVALUATION OF HYPOLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF MORINGA CONCANENSIS NIMMO IN GUINEA PIGS
Authors: S. Patel Archana , Naik Viren , M. Parmar Prashant
Published: February 2022

Objective & Scope:To evaluate the hypolipidemic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Moringa concanensisnimmo in guinea pigs Methods:48 Guinea pigs of either gender were randomly divided into 6 groups. Hyperlipidemia was produced by giving cholesterol powder (500 mg/kg) for 60 days. Rosuvastatin 1.5 mg/kg served as active control group. While Moringa was given as 200 mg/kg for 30 days as preventive and curative groups for 0 to 30 days and 31 to 60 days respectively. Distilled water with normal diet for 30 dys was served as Normal control group. The preventive and curative effect of ethanolic extract of Moringa were assessed by serological and histopathological parameter. Results:Cholesterol administration produced increased level of Lipids and liver enzymes along with histopathological alteration of liver and thoracic aorta. Preventive and therapeutic administration of 200 mg/kg ethanolic extract of Moringa resulted into a significant decrease of lipid profile and restoration of histopathological architecture of liver and thorasic aorta as compared to disease control group. Conclusion:Because of antioxidant properties, curative and preventive administration200 mg/kg ethanolic extract of Moringa exerts lipid lowering effect and can be used to treat and prevent dyslipidemia.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À QUALIDADE DE VIDA, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DOS IDOSOS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Terra Marinho Jaciara Ribeiro , Manochio Pina Marina Garcia , Ramos Salvador Boccaletti
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica brasileira sobre Qualidade de Vida (QV), Estado Nutricional (EN) e Políticas Públicas do Idoso. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas de evidências nas bases de dados BVS, PubMed e Scielo a fim de responder ao questionamento: Quais os fatores que mais interferem na QV do idoso? Resultados: Foram selecionados 15 artigos, sendo 9 sobre QV, 5 EN e 1 Políticas Públicas do Idoso. Houve predomínio de mulheres, entre 60 e 70 anos, casadas, aposentadas, que recebem um salário mínimo e com baixa escolaridade. A maioria dos idosos percebeu sua QV e Saúde como “Boa”. As doenças que mais predominaram foram as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) e a maioria dos idosos praticam atividade física regularmente. Com relação ao EN o excesso de peso e os hábitos alimentares inadequados foram os que mais se destacaram. Conclusão: os Determinantes Sociais de Saúde, a prática de atividade física, o sexo, idade, classe econômica, o EN e de saúde e a participação em um grupo de convivência para idosos estão associados à QV dos idosos, além de promover a saúde e bem-estar e a melhora da percepção de QV.

 

Palavras-chave: Idoso. Estado nutricional. Nutrição do idoso. Política de saúde do idoso. Qualidade de vida.
APOIO SOCIAL E DE SAÚDE DE CRIANÇAS/ADOLESCENTES E ADULTOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA QUE VIVEM NO RURAL
Authors: Silveira Andressa da , Jantsch Leonardo Bigolin , Fontana Darielli Gindri Resta , Da Silva Ethel Bastos
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: comparar o apoio social e de saúde de crianças/adolescentes e adultos, com deficiência, que residem no meio rural. Materiais e método: estudo transversal analítico, oriundo de um projeto matricial. Os participantes foram 276 pessoas com deficiência divididas em dois grupos para análise, crianças e adolescentes entre 0 a 18 anos incompletos e adultos, de oito municípios da região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta foi realizada no domicílio, entre setembro de 2018 a junho de 2019. Os dados foram analisados sob comparação de frequência e análise descritiva, por meio do programa SPSS, versão 17.0. Resultados: as deficiências congênitas são mais frequentes em crianças e adolescentes quando comparadas aos adultos. Quanto ao cuidador familiar, destacam-se as mulheres da família, com ênfase nas mães. Os serviços de apoio em sua maioria as unidades básicas. Os enfermeiros e médicos são os profissionais de referência para essa população. Conclusão: as crianças, adolescentes e adultos recebem/necessitam de auxílio para o desenvolvimento de seus cuidados. Os achados revelam sobre o cuidado essencialmente feminino, trazendo a importância de discutir e refletir a necessidade do cuidado compartilhado com outros membros do núcleo familiar.
PESANTREN DAN UPAYA DERADIKALISASI AGAMA
Authors: Mukodi Mukodi
Published: February 2022

The de-radicalization of Islam in Tremas Islamic boarding school was found to have its continuing momentums from generation to generation. Through cultural practices as: scientific culture, religious culture, social culture, and political culture the seeds of such de-radicalization were disseminated. However, the dynamic fluctuation of extremism both transnationally and internationally became a specific challenge. Furthermore, the massive development of Information and Com­muni­cation Technology (ICT) significantly impacted on the mindset of Tremas boarding school community. Applying qualitative approach and pheno­meno­logical method, this article revealed how the religious de-radicalization in Tremas boarding school was knitted and framed in the practices of daily culture. Such practices were carried out in order to make Islamic generations may wisely behave and act. Moreover, Islam might ocupy as it should be, namely Islam as raḥmatan li ’l-‘ālamīn, love peace, promoting love and affection, as well as non-violence.***Deradikalisasi agama Islam di Pondok Tremas dari generasi ke generasi se­nantiasa menemukan momentum. Melalui praktik budaya Pondok Tremas yang meliputi: budaya keilmuan, budaya keagamaan, budaya sosial dan budaya politik benih-benih deradikalisasi agama Islam disemaikan. Namun demikian, pasang surut paham ekstremisme yang berkembang di transnasional, dan inter­nasional menjadi tantangan tersendiri. Apalagi masifnya perkembangan media teknologi dan informatika berekses secara signifikan pada pola pikir warga Pondok Tremas. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dan metode fenomenologi, artikel ini menjelaskan bagaimana deradikalisasi agama di Pondok Tremas dirajut, dan dibingkai dalam praktik-praktik budaya keseharian. Hal itu, dilakukan agar generasi Islam dapat bijak dalam bersikap dan bertindak. Lebih dari itu, agar agama Islam dapat menempati area yang semestinya, yakni agama raḥmatan li ’l-‘ālamīn, tanpa kekerasan, cinta perdamaian, dan mengedepankan cinta kasih.
REORIENTASI MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM (PAI) DAN DERADIKALISASI AGAMA
Authors: Syukur Fatah
Published: February 2022

Islamic religious education in schools substantively had a very important role. In accordance with the mandate of the Law on National Education System, religious education should be provided to learners at all levels of education. Religious education was expected not only to provide knowledge of religion, but also build the personality character of the students using religious values taught. Through quantitative research, this study examined the implementation of Islamic religious education in schools with the research problems: is there any correlation with religious observance, and any other factors that affect the behavior of religion? How does the orientation of Islamic religious educationin schools? The results showed that Islamic education is not positively correlated to the level of religious observance. Similarly, differences in men and women are not correlated to the level of religious observance. Therefore, there will be necessary reorientation of religious education in schools.***Pendidikan agama Islam di sekolah secara substantif memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Sesuai dengan amanat Undang-undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, bahwa Pendidikan Agama harus diberikan kepada peserta didik di semua jenjang pendidikan. Diharapkan Pendidikan Agama bukan hanya memberikan penge­tahu­an agama saja, akan tetapi juga membentuk karakter kepribadian anak didik dengan nilai-nilai yang diajarkan oleh agama. Melalui penelitian kuantitatif, tulisan ini mengkaji pelaksanaan Pendidikan Agama Islam di sekolah, apakah ada korelasi­­­nya dengan ketaatan beragama, adakah faktor-faktor lain yang ber­pengaruh terhadap perilaku beragama? Serta bagaimana orientasi Pendidikan Agama Islam di sekolah? Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pendidikan Agama Islam tidak berkorelasi positif terhadap tingkat ketaatan beragama. Demikian pula perbedaan laki-laki dan perempuan tidak berkorelasi terhadap tingkat ketaatan beragama. Oleh karena itu, maka perlu ada reorientasi Pen­didikan Agama di sekolah.
Evaluating the effect of acute ammonia toxicity in a freshwater ecological environment on the growth and hematological functioning of Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Bethel Uchenna Udume , Henry Obiahu Ota , Yan Zhifeng , Chidi Chikeziri Onyewuchi
Published: February 2022

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of ammonia toxicity on the growth and hematology of Clarias gariepinus. The mean weight gain of fish 1.52 ± 0.3 g was investigated under laboratory conditions at static bioassay for 96 h and 14 days, respectively. Five treatments of 96 h median lethal concentration LC50 were used, namely, T0 (0.00 g·l−1), T1 (0.40 g·l−1), T2 (0.60 g·l−1), T3 (0.80 g·l−1) and T4 (1.00 g·l−1), and each of these treatment concentrations was replicated three times for both toxicity exposures. The results clearly revealed that 96 h median lethal concentration (LC50) at treatments T4 (4.00), T3 (3.00), T2 (2.00) and T0 (0.00) g·l−1 gave an average mean value of 3.02 ± 0.02 g·l−1 with upper and lower limits of 6.28 and 1.42 g·l−1, respectively. The overall percentage mortality showed more than 71% of fish mortality at T4. Values for the 14-day sub-acute exposures to ammonia concentrations of T4 (1.00), T3 (0.80), T2 (0.60) and control (0.00) g·l−1 were also obtained. Growth indices indicated significant decreases (P<0.05) in the total feed intake (TFI), specific growth rate (SGR), mean weight gain and food conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control.
Occurrence and removal of 25 antibiotics during sewage treatment processes and potential risk analysis
Authors: Wang Xinting , Huang Ning , Wang Jin , Lu Chunliu , Li Guangying , Li Fang , Hu Zaoshi , Bi Xiaoyu , Wu Lieshan , Tian Yan
Published: February 2022

The occurrence and removal of 25 antibiotics, including ten quinolones (QNs), four macrolides (MLs), four tetracyclines (TCs) and seven sulfonamides (SNs), were analysed at two sewage treatment plants (STPs) with different treatment units in Guangxi Province, China. The results showed that 14 and 16 antibiotics were detected in the influent of the two STPs, with concentrations ranging from 13.7–4265.2 ng/L and 14.5–10761.7 ng/L, respectively. Among the antibiotics, TCs were the main type in the study area, accounting for more than 79% of the total concentration of all antibiotics. The antibiotic removal efficiencies of the different process units ranged from −56.73% to 100.0%. It was found that the SN removal efficiency of the multistage composite mobile bed membrane bioreactor (MBBR) process was better than that of the continuous-flow Intermission biological reactor (IBR) process, while the IBR process was better than the MBBR process in terms of removing TCs and MLs; however, there was no obvious difference in the QN removal efficiencies of these two processes. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed a strong correlation between antibiotic concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Risk assessments indicated that algae, followed by invertebrates and fish, were the most sensitive aquatic organisms to the detected antibiotics.
Działania opiekuńcze i terapeutyczne pielęgniarki w opiece nad dzieckiem z chorobą Leśniowskiego-Crohna w okresie jej zaostrzenia
Authors: Szklarczyk Kasandra
Published: February 2022

Wstęp. Choroba Leśniowskiego-Crohna jest chorobą zapalną jelit o nieznanej etiologii. Rozpoznana zostaje najczęściej u dzieci oraz nastolatków. Do objawów charakterystycznych dla choroby należą bóle brzucha, oddawanie biegunkowych stolców często z obecnością patologicznych domieszek: krwi, ropy czy śluzu, a także ubytek masy ciała. Podstawowym krokiem w procesie terapeutycznym jest nawodnienie dziecka drogą dożylną lub doustną, włączenie farmakoterapii oraz leczenia żywieniowego. Celem wdrożonej terapii jest utrzymanie pacjenta w jak najdłużej trwającej remisji.

Cel. Praca ma na celu ukazać problemy opiekuńcze oraz terapeutyczne u dziecka z zaostrzeniem choroby Leśniowskiego-Crohna w warunkach szpitalnych oraz zadania personelu pielęgniarskiego wobec tego pacjenta.

Prezentacja przypadku. Pacjentka lat 15 w drugiej dobie hospitalizacji przyjęta w oddział z podejrzeniem zaostrzenia choroby Leśniowskiego-Crohna. Pacjentka zgłasza liczne biegunki (od 10 do 15 wypróżnień na dobę) oraz ból brzucha. Przy przyjęciu temperatura ciała pacjentki wynosiła 38,4°C. Dziewczyna oraz jej rodzice wykazują deficyt wiedzy na temat choroby oraz postępowania w przypadku jej zaostrzenia.

Wnioski. Bardzo ważnym aspektem w leczeniu choroby Leśniowskiego-Crohna u opisanej pacjentki jest stosowanie się do zaleceń żywieniowych oraz systematyczne przyjmowanie zleconych środków farmakologicznych. Całkowite wyleczenie choroby nie jest możliwe, lecz podjęte działania w walce z chorobą pozwalają na uzyskanie długiej remisji i zmniejszenie ryzyka wystąpienia jej poważnych powikłań.
Assessing Students' Higher-Order Thinking Skills: Knowledge and Practices of Chemistry Teachers in Vocational Senior Secondary Schools
Authors: Driana Elin , Susilowati Ary , Ernawati Ernawati , Ghani Abd. Rahman A.
Published: February 2022

The success of efforts in developing students' higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) to face the complex challenges in the 21st century also depends on how teachers implement classroom assessments. Studies on teachers' knowledge and practices have been conducted at different levels of education. However, studies that involved teachers in vocational senior secondary schools are still limited. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed at exploring chemistry teachers' knowledge of HOTS, their assessment practices, and the barriers encountered. Ten chemistry teachers from three public and six private vocational senior secondary schools in South Jakarta were involved in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted between August and September 2019. The findings revealed that almost all chemistry teachers believed that providing students in vocational senior secondary schools with HOTS was essential. However, knowledge of HOTS among most teachers was still inadequate, contributing to their unpreparedness in assessing the skills. Misunderstanding about higher-order thinking was also revealed, such as associating higher-order thinking with item difficulties. The teachers in this study considered students' factors as barriers in cultivating HOTS in chemistry learning in vocational senior secondary schools, such as lack of motivation, low academic ability, and lack of reading habits. The teachers also mentioned the shortage of facilities as another barrier that inhibited their efforts in fostering HOTS in chemistry learning. Proper teacher professional development programs are needed to increase teachers' understanding of HOTS assessment and help them develop various strategies for fostering HOTS among vocational senior secondary school students.
Vocational Students' Perception of Online Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Erliana Hilma , Safrizal Safrizal , Nuthihar Rahmad , Luthfi Luthfi , Wahdaniah Wahdaniah , Jaya Ilham , Herman RN
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 pandemic impacts on vocational education. Lectures that were originally conducted face-to-face learning are diverted to online learning to avoid the spread of the pandemic. Online learning is very difficult to apply for courses conducted in the laboratory. This study discusses vocational students’ responses to the practice of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through a questionnaire created on Google form consisting of 20 questions. The questionnaire used a Likert scale to find out the attitudes and students’ perceptions of the implementation of online learning. The number of research respondents was 107 people consisting of 45 respondents from the West Aceh State Community Academy and 62 respondents from Lhokseumawe State Polytechnic, Aceh, Indonesia. The results of this study found that 59.81% of students disagree with online learning. The results also showed a score of 76.95% of the students agree that internet access is the main obstacle in online learning. However, students’ satisfaction with the current online learning system for students shows a score of 67.50%. Opinions related to online learning from 107 respondents showed that 45.42% of them less agree if online learning is still applied when the COVID-19 pandemic ends.
Classification of Smoking Cessation Apps: Quality Review and Content Analysis
Authors: Seo Suin , Cho Sung-Il , Yoon Wonjeong , Lee Cheol Min
Published: February 2022

Background

Many people use apps for smoking cessation, and the effectiveness of these apps has been proven in several studies. However, no study has classified these apps and only few studies have analyzed the characteristics of these apps that influence their quality.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to analyze the content and the quality of smoking cessation apps by type and identify the characteristics that affect their overall quality.

Methods

Two app marketplaces (App Store and Google Play) were searched in January 2018, and the search was completed by May 2020. The search terms used were “stop smoking,” “quit smoking,” and “smoking cessation.” The apps were categorized into 3 types (combined, multifunctional, and informational). The tailored guideline of Clinical Practice Guideline for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence was utilized for evaluating app content (or functions), and the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) was used to evaluate the quality. Chi-square test was performed for the general characteristics, and one-way analysis of variance was performed for MARS analysis. To identify the general features of the apps that could be associated with the MARS and content scores, multiple regression analysis was done. All analyses were performed using SAS software (ver. 9.3).

Results

Among 1543 apps, 104 apps met the selection criteria of this study. These 104 apps were categorized as combined type (n=44), functional type (n=31), or informational type (n=29). A large amount of content specified in the guideline was included in the apps, most notably in the combined type, followed by the multifunctional and informational type; the MARS scores followed the same order (3.64, 3.26, and 3.0, respectively). Regression analysis showed that the sector in which the developer was situated and the feedback channel with the developer had a significant impact on both the content and MARS scores. In addition, problematic apps such as those made by unknown developers or copied and single-function apps were shown to have a large market share.

Conclusions

This study is the first to evaluate the content and quality of smoking cessation apps by classification. The combined type had higher-quality content and functionality than other app types. The app developer type and feedback channel with the app developer had a significant impact on the overall quality of the apps. In addition, problematic apps and single-function apps were shown to have a large market share. Our results will contribute to the use and development of better smoking cessation apps after considering the problems identified in this study.
Early Prediction of Functional Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Unstructured Clinical Text: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sung Sheng-Feng , Hsieh Cheng-Yang , Hu Ya-Han
Published: February 2022

Background

Several prognostic scores have been proposed to predict functional outcomes after an acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Most of these scores are based on structured information and have been used to develop prediction models via the logistic regression method. With the increased use of electronic health records and the progress in computational power, data-driven predictive modeling by using machine learning techniques is gaining popularity in clinical decision-making.

Objective

We aimed to investigate whether machine learning models created by using unstructured text could improve the prediction of functional outcomes at an early stage after AIS.

Methods

We identified all consecutive patients who were hospitalized for the first time for AIS from October 2007 to December 2019 by using a hospital stroke registry. The study population was randomly split into a training (n=2885) and test set (n=962). Free text in histories of present illness and computed tomography reports was transformed into input variables via natural language processing. Models were trained by using the extreme gradient boosting technique to predict a poor functional outcome at 90 days poststroke. Model performance on the test set was evaluated by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results

The AUCs of text-only models ranged from 0.768 to 0.807 and were comparable to that of the model using National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (0.811). Models using both patient age and text achieved AUCs of 0.823 and 0.825, which were similar to those of the model containing age and NIHSS scores (0.841); the model containing preadmission comorbidities, level of consciousness, age, and neurological deficit (PLAN) scores (0.837); and the model containing Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne (ASTRAL) scores (0.840). Adding variables from clinical text improved the predictive performance of the model containing age and NIHSS scores, the model containing PLAN scores, and the model containing ASTRAL scores (the AUC increased from 0.841 to 0.861, from 0.837 to 0.856, and from 0.840 to 0.860, respectively).

Conclusions

Unstructured clinical text can be used to improve the performance of existing models for predicting poststroke functional outcomes. However, considering the different terminologies that are used across health systems, each individual health system may consider using the proposed methods to develop and validate its own models.
Review and Analysis of German Mobile Apps for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management Using the Mobile Application Rating Scale: Systematic Search in App Stores and Content Analysis
Authors: Gerner Maximilian , Vuillerme Nicolas , Aubourg Timothée , Messner Eva-Maria , Terhorst Yannik , Hörmann Verena , Ganzleben Ingo , Schenker Hannah , Schett Georg , Atreya Raja , Neurath Markus F , Knitza Johannes , Orlemann Till
Published: February 2022

Background

Patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently need long-term medical treatment. Mobile apps promise to complement and improve IBD management, but so far there has been no scientific analysis of their quality.

Objective

This study evaluated the quality of German mobile apps targeting IBD patients and physicians treating IBD patients using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS).

Methods

The German Apple App Store and Google Play Store were systematically searched to identify German IBD mobile apps for patient and physician use. MARS was used by 6 physicians (3 using Android smartphones and 3 using iPhones) to independently assess app quality. Apps were randomly assigned so that the 4 apps with the most downloads were rated by all raters and the remaining apps were rated by 1 Android and 1 iOS user.

Results

In total, we identified 1764 apps in the Apple App Store and Google Play Store. After removing apps that were not related to IBD (n=1386) or not available in German (n=317), 61 apps remained. After removing duplicates (n=3) and apps for congresses (n=7), journals (n=4), and clinical studies (n=6), as well as excluding apps that were available in only 1 of the 2 app stores (n=20) and apps that could only be used with an additional device (n=7), we included a total of 14 apps. The app “CED Dokumentation und Tipps” had the highest overall median MARS score at 4.11/5. On the whole, the median MARS scores of the 14 apps ranged between 2.38/5 and 4.11/5. As there was no significant difference between iPhone and Android raters, we used the Wilcoxon comparison test to calculate P values.

Conclusions

The MARS ratings showed that the quality of German IBD apps varied. We also discovered a discrepancy between app store ratings and MARS ratings, highlighting the difficulty of assessing perceived app quality. Despite promising results from international studies, there is little evidence for the clinical benefits of German IBD apps. Clinical studies and patient inclusion in the app development process are needed to effectively implement mobile apps in routine care.
Quality of Mobile Apps for Care Partners of People With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Mobile App Rating Scale Evaluation
Authors: Werner Nicole E , Brown Janetta C , Loganathar Priya , Holden Richard J
Published: February 2022

Background

Over 11 million care partners in the United States who provide care to people living with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) cite persistent and pervasive unmet needs related to their caregiving role. The proliferation of mobile apps for care partners has the potential to meet care partners’ needs, but the quality of apps is unknown.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the quality of publicly available apps for care partners of people living with ADRD and identify design features of low- and high-quality apps to guide future research and user-centered app development.

Methods

We searched the US Apple App and Google Play stores with the criteria that included apps needed to be available in the US Google Play or Apple App stores, accessible to users out of the box, and primarily intended for use by an informal (family or friend) care partner of a person living with ADRD. We classified and tabulated app functionalities. The included apps were then evaluated using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) using 23 items across 5 dimensions: engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information, and subjective quality. We computed descriptive statistics for each rating. To identify recommendations for future research and app development, we categorized rater comments on score-driving factors for each MARS rating item and what the app could have done to improve the item score.

Results

We evaluated 17 apps. We found that, on average, apps are of minimally acceptable quality. Functionalities supported by apps included education (12/17, 71%), interactive training (3/17, 18%), documentation (3/17, 18%), tracking symptoms (2/17, 12%), care partner community (3/17, 18%), interaction with clinical experts (1/17, 6%), care coordination (2/17, 12%), and activities for the person living with ADRD (2/17, 12%). Of the 17 apps, 8 (47%) had only 1 feature, 6 (35%) had 2 features, and 3 (18%) had 3 features. The MARS quality mean score across apps was 3.08 (SD 0.83) on the 5-point rating scale (1=inadequate to 5=excellent), with apps scoring highest on average on functionality (mean 3.37, SD 0.99) and aesthetics (mean 3.24, SD 0.92) and lowest on average on information (mean 2.95, SD 0.95) and engagement (mean 2.76, SD 0.89). The MARS subjective quality mean score across apps was 2.26 (SD 1.02).

Conclusions

We identified apps whose mean scores were more than 1 point below minimally acceptable quality, whereas some were more than 1 point above. Many apps had broken features and were rated as below acceptable for engagement and information. Minimally acceptable quality is likely to be insufficient to meet care partner needs. Future research should establish minimum quality standards across dimensions for care partner mobile apps. Design features of high-quality apps identified in this study can provide the foundation for benchmarking these standards.
The Associations Between Gaming Motivation and Internet Gaming Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Hsin-Yi , Cheng Cecilia
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

There has been a surge in interest in examining internet gaming disorder (IGD) and its associations with gaming motivation. Three broad components of gaming motivation have been proposed: achievement, immersion, and social. Achievement-oriented players are motivated by gaining in-game rewards, immersion-oriented players are motivated by the experience of immersion in the virtual world, and social-oriented players are motivated by the need to socialize with other players through gaming.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) quantitatively synthesize the growing body of literature to systematically examine the discrepancies in the magnitude of associations between various components of gaming motivation and IGD and (2) examine the moderating role of cultural dimension on the association between escapism gaming motivation and IGD.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic search of multiple databases between 2002 and 2020. Studies were included if they (1) included quantitative data, (2) used measures assessing both gaming motivation and IGD, and (3) contained sufficient information for effect size calculation.

RESULTS

The findings revealed IGD to have a stronger association with achievement motivation (r=0.32) than with immersion (r=0.22) or social motivation (r=0.20), but the strongest such association was found to be with escapism motivation (r=0.40), a subcomponent of immersion motivation. Our cross-cultural comparison further showed a stronger association between escapism motivation and IGD in studies conducted in individualistic (vs collectivistic) regions.

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis highlights the importance of acknowledging the discrepancies among different components of gaming motivation with respect to their role in the development of IGD, as well as the potential cultural variations in the strength of such associations.
Phase IV clinical trial with a single treatment arm to evaluate bronchopulmonary penetration of isavuconazole in pulmonary transplant recipients (PBISA01): Study protocol clinical trial. (Preprint)
Authors: Darnaude-Ximénez Ignacio , Caballero-Bermejo Antonio F , Ruiz-Antorán Belén , Aguilar-Pérez Myriam , Gómez-López Alicia , Sancho-López Aranzazu , García-Fadul Cristian , Diago-Sempere Elena , Valle-Falconés Manuel , Ussetti-Gil Piedad , Avendaño-Solá Cristina
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Aspergillosis is the most frequently observed invasive fungal disease (IFD) in lung transplant recipients. Isavuconazole has shown a better safety profile and non-inferiority to voriconazole in the treatment of patients with IFD.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to describe the bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetic profile of oral isavuconazole by analyzing the degree of penetration in the epithelial lining fluid and the alveolar macrophages in patients receiving lung transplantation with a diagnosis of invasive fungal disease.

METHODS

A total of 12 patients over 18 years of age, lung transplant recipients with IFD diagnosis and indication for isavuconazole treatment and follow-up bronchoscopy will be included in the study. After 5 days of treatment with isavuconazole and before the treatment is discontinued, patients will be randomized to perform the scheduled bronchoscopy at different times from the administration of Isavuconazole (2, 4, 8, 12 hours). Four blood samples will be obtained per patient: at 72 h after treatment initiation, the day of the bronchoscopy, at the time of the BAL (simultaneously) and 7 days after treatment initiation, in order to analyse tacrolimus and isavuconazole plasma levels. Isavuconazole concentrations will be measured in plasma, epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and alveolar macrophages (CA) by a high-performance liquid chromatography/UV couple to Fluorescence method.

RESULTS

Recruitment is ongoing. No preliminary data have been yet obtained.

CONCLUSIONS

There are no clinical studies that analyze the bronchopulmonary penetration of isavuconazole. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) performed routinely in the follow-up of lung transplant recipients, constitutes an opportunity to analyze the bronchopulmonary penetration of isavuconazole.

CLINICALTRIAL

This clinical trial has been registered on the European Clinical Trials Register (www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu), and the registration number is 2019-004240-30.
O Brasil referenciado em skins do jogo SMITE
Authors: Brandão Bruno , Frossard Elaine Cristina Medeiros
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo objetiva identificar as referências culturais e linguísticas (primariamente fonético-fonológicas) em relação ao Brasil em SMITE. Nesse contexto, as skins (modificações estéticas para personagens do jogo) Vamana Cangaceiro e Globeneith, bem como seus respectivos conjuntos de falas, em língua inglesa, são tomados como recorte. A pesquisa, predominantemente qualitativa, compara as skins no tocante a aspectos visuais e fônicos, bem como observa itens lexicais que remetam ao Brasil. As referências visuais se apresentaram mais complexas (e menos estereotípicas) na primeira skin, ao passo que, na segunda, elementos referentes à produção oral se destacaram. Em ambos os casos, entretanto, houve elementos que sinalizavam para referências a outras culturas.
O ethos de um legado
Authors: Santos Yuri Andrei Batista
Published: February 2022

No entrecruzamento entre reflexões provenientes das teorias do discurso, de argumentação e da literatura, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma análise discursivo-argumentativa no paratexto da obra autobiográfica Em nome dos pais, de Matheus Leitão (2017), com vistas a analisar traços de sua dimensão argumentativa. Temos por enfoque principal de nossa análise a construção do ethos na escrita autobiográfica, considerada em sua relação intrínseca com o auditório social subjacente à situação de interação discursiva descrita. Partimos da premissa de que o ethos do autor pode ser depreendido por meio da análise da materialidade linguística em relação com sua dimensão composicional e arquitetônica, considerando-se, dessa forma, as condições linguísticas e extralinguísticas circunscritas a determinado dizer. Como marco teórico-metodológico, mobilizamos as reflexões de Amossy (2018) para a análise discursivo-argumentativa e os princípios da metalinguística bakhtiniana, bem como as considerações de Viart e Vercier (2008), Santos e Torga (2020) e Santos (2020) em torno da narrativa de filiação e a materialidade autobiográfica. Observamos, dentre outras coisas, como o ethos desempenha um critério de confiabilidade do relato autocentrado nas margens da escrita autobiográfica e como, no caso específico discutido, o ethos enfatiza o legado do qual o narrador é portador.
Dialogismo e espetacularização nas capas da Veja e tweets: o primeiro mês do governo Bolsonaro
Authors: Benaglia Anderson William Marzinhowsky , Heller Barbara , Furlan Cristiane
Published: February 2022

Este artigo busca compreender as disputas de sentido atribuídas aos primeiros trinta dias do governo Bolsonaro, em janeiro de 2019, nas capas da revista Veja, um dos periódicos de maior tiragem e circulação no Brasil, com aproximadamente 556 mil exemplares semanais, e nos tweets da conta pessoal do presidente, a mídia com maior número de seguidores e a que ele mais utiliza desde sua campanha. Foram analisadas, por meio de abordagem qualitativa-interpretativa, as imagens postadas no Twitter no mesmo dia da publicação de Veja e as relações com os enunciados verbais que as acompanham. Para tanto, apoiamo-nos nos conceitos de dialogismo, vozes e discurso centrípeta, de Mikhail Bakhtin (1999, 2010, 2015), e de espetacularização, de Guy Debord (1997). Concluímos que enquanto a revista põe a público a descrença em seu governo, o Twitter, em uma relação dialógica, edifica sua imagem, mostrando-o como homem de ação.
Tecnologia digital e aprendizado da língua portuguesa entre imigrantes e refugiados no Brasil
Authors: Sanzovo Claudia Cristina
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo, de caráter qualitativo exploratório, tem como objetivo apresentar dados relativos às ferramentas tecnológicas digitais utilizadas por imigrantes e refugiados residentes no Brasil no aprendizado/prática da língua portuguesa de acolhimento. Considerando a língua como a base para a comunicação e a integração social, o estudo destaca como referenciais teórico-epistemológicos as questões migratórias e da língua de acolhimento em Milesi e Andrade (2015), Barbosa e São Bernardo (2017), a língua e a aprendizagem em Stern (1983), Cassany (1999), Oliveira (2010), Silva (2012) e Paterson (2012), os letramentos em Kleiman (2005) e as tecnologias digitais em Kenski (2012), Prensky (2010) e Selwyn (2017) e, a partir dos dados coletados por meio de um questionário de pesquisa aplicado em onze comunidades de migrantes no Facebook, destaca-se como resultado que a maioria dos pesquisados possuem um nível de escolaridade elevado em seus países de origem, mas apresentam dificuldades com a aprendizagem da gramática e com as variações linguísticas da língua portuguesa, principalmente, por indicarem, na sua maioria, que o aprendizado/prática ocorre no ambiente familiar, no trabalho e na internet (Duolingo, Youtube, Facebook, Instagram), o que evidencia a carência de cursos formais específicos da língua portuguesa de acolhimento (Plac).
Concepções de linguagens e leitura nos objetos educacionais digitais no livro didático digital Português: linguagens em conexão
Authors: Martins da Silva Eliane , Pinheiro Regina Cláudia
Published: February 2022

Analisamos, neste trabalho, as concepções de língua(gem),destacando também as concepções de leitura/literatura, nos Objetos Educacionais Digitais (OED) do livro didático digital Português: linguagens em conexão (2013), das autoras Maria das Graças Leão Sette, Márcia Antônia Travalha e Maria do Socorro Starling de Barros. A base teórica dessa pesquisa está sustentada em Bakhtin ([1929] 2014), Fuza, Ohuschi e Menegassi (2011), Geraldi (1999), Oliveira (2010), Travaglia (2002), dentre outros. O estudo é uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e de cunho documental, pois analisamos documentos presentes no contexto de ensino, ou seja, OED e livro didático de português. Para a viabilização dessa pesquisa, seguimos os seguintes passos metodológicos: (i) realizamos o levantamento dos OED do eixo leitura e ensino de imagens no referido livro; (ii) assistimos a cada um dos OED; (iii) analisamos os OED do livro, considerando a categoria de análise concepções de língua(gem) e de leitura. Os resultados da investigação indicam que há uma hibridização das concepções de língua(gem) nos OED analisados. Apesar disso, verificamos que há uma maior predominância das concepções de linguagem como expressão do pensamento e como instrumento de comunicação, em detrimento da linguagem como interação verbal.