bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La motocicleta en América Latina: actualidad y buenas prácticas recomendadas para el cuidado de sus usuarios
Authors: Azzato Franco , Díaz Claudia , Café Eduardo
Published: January 2022

AUTORAzzato, Franco; Díaz, Claudia; Café, EduardoFECHAJan 2022DESCARGA:Español (0 descargas)DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003936EDITORSosa, MartínLa Organización Mundial de la Salud, en su publicación “Global Road Status Report on Road Safety, 2018” establece que, cada año, fallecen en el mundo aproximadamente 1.35 millones de personas debido a siniestros de tránsito. En promedio, cada 24 segundos, una persona muere por causa de la alta siniestralidad. Los siniestros viales se han transformado en la octava causa de muerte -a nivel mundial- para personas de todas las edades, y, en el rango que va desde los 5 a los 29 años, estos hechos viales representan la primera causa de muerte. Los Usuarios Vulnerables del Tránsito (grupo que reúne a motociclistas, ciclistas y peatones), a su vez, representan un 54% del total de fallecimientos mencionados anteriormente. En particular, los usuarios de motocicletas y ciclomotores representan el 28%, lo que significa una cifra de aproximadamente 378.000 usuarios fallecidos al año. Los países latinoamericanos no son ajenos a la problemática de la alta siniestralidad vial, y, en muchos países de la región, la representatividad de los usuarios de motocicletas fallecidos supera ampliamente al promedio mundial mencionado con anterioridad. La creciente presencia de la motocicleta como un factor de vulnerabilidad en las vías en Latinoamérica requiere normativas elaboradas con base en la evidencia. La Visión 2025 del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, denominada “Reinvertir en las Américas. Una década de oportunidades”, tiene como objetivo contribuir a impulsar la recuperación de la región luego de la crisis provocada por la pandemia del Covid-19. En ese sentido, es preciso que se tomen medidas colectivas para construir -entre otras necesidades- sociedades más fuertes y sanas. La reducción de la mortalidad causada por el tránsito resulta entonces imperativa para contribuir al alcance de los objetivos trazados. Este estudio tiene como objetivo reunir la literatura disponible en la materia y contribuir a los diferentes países a la revisión de sus regulaciones para la seguridad de los motociclistas.
Online Body Shaming: análise de casos e prospecção de proteção
Authors: Maietta Angelo
Published: January 2022

Body shaming na Web e nas mídias sociais são uma forma particular de violência contra a pessoa que explora as características físicas como forma de desconsideração ou diminuição, frequentemente com o propósito de provocar na pessoa uma sensação de vergonha sobre a sua aparência física. A proteção jurídica na Web é um dos assuntos que mais anima o debate jurídico e, ao mesmo tempo, é caracterizado por dificuldades objetivas não apenas considerando a classificação concreta dos casos aos padrões jurídicos abstratos, mas também devido a intrínseca característica da internet, obstáculos à real e efetiva proteção. A não territorialidade da internet, ou como prefere parte da doutrina a “Omni-territorialidade”, direciona sérios problemas sobre a identificação da corte competente e da lei aplicável, tanto quanto ações anônimas, tornam difíceis, senão impossíveis, de detectar a real identidade dos autores de comportamentos ilegais na internet que provocam danos a terceiros.
Los incluidos y los marginados de las telecomunicaciones en México. Un enfoque por hogar
Authors: Lartigue-Mendoza Jacques , González-Martínez Alayn
Published: January 2022

Objetivos: Identificar la evolución de los hogares incluidos y excluidos de los servicios de telecomunicaciones en México de 2004 a 2020, así como encontrar los factores que determinan la inclusión o marginación de estos servicios, a efecto de promover la integración al mercado, a través de los servicios de telecomunicaciones, de millones de hogares.
Metodología: Generación de nuevas estadísticas y uso de modelos econométricos logísticos.
Resultados: El tamaño de la localidad en la que se ubica el hogar, así como el ingreso, constituyen las variables más relevantes en la probabilidad de acceso a las telecomunicaciones.
Limitaciones: El análisis por nivel de pobreza se acorta debido a la instauración oficial de la metodología multidimensional para medir la pobreza a partir de 2009.
Originalidad: La aportación de estadísticas y análisis inexistentes en la literatura permitirá mejorar las políticas públicas.
Conclusiones: Gran rezago y menores probabilidades de contar con telecomunicaciones, primordialmente internet, de los hogares localizados en el sector rural, sur-sureste del país, y/o los pobres, explicado parcialmente por la falla de mercado, al no existir oferta en múltiples localidades rurales -especialmente en Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas y Veracruz– o presentar precios no competitivos. Lo anterior limita la ruptura de círculos viciosos de pobreza y margina.
Inversión extranjera directa y productividad laboral en la industria manufacturera regional
Authors: Rangel González Erick , López Ornelas Luis Fernando
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la inversión extranjera directa sobre la productividad laboral en el sector manufacturero en México durante el periodo 2007-2015.
Metodología: Se estiman diferentes especificaciones econométricas empleando distintas medidas de productividad laboral por medio del método generalizado de momentos, el cual permite considerar posibles problemas de endogeneidad.
Resultados: Se identifica un efecto positivo y estadísticamente significativo de la inversión extranjera directa como proporción del PIB manufacturero sobre la tasa de crecimiento de la productividad laboral estimada a partir del índice de productividad laboral de las manufacturas.
Limitaciones: Las estimaciones no consideran la dimensión geográfica espacial entre entidades federativas.
Originalidad: Estudios previos en México no utilizan una medida de productividad basada en la producción total ni controlan por posibles sesgos generados por variables omitidas.
Conclusiones: La evidencia sugiere que la inversión extranjera directa puede contribuir al desarrollo económico de las entidades federativas al generar aumentos en la productividad laboral.
The integrated reforming and isomerization of gasoline fractions for the production of eco-friendly motor gasolines
Authors: Smolikov M. D. , Kiryanov D. I. , Shkurenok V. A. , Bikmetova L. I. , Belopukhov E. A. , Yablokova S. S. , Kazantsev K. V. , Belyi A. S. , Lavrenov A. V. , Kondrashev D. O. , Kleymenov A. V.
Published: January 2022

The paper reports data on the development and investigation of the advanced catalysts for reforming and isomerization of gasoline fractions, which were performed at the Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC SB RAS, particularly the commercial operation of the reforming catalyst PR-81. A new catalyst with an increased acidity, which provides a decrease in the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in reformate by 3–5 wt.%, was developed for the reforming of gasoline fractions. A new sulfated zirconia catalyst supported on the porous alumina matrix was devised for isomerization of the fraction of C5–C6 hydrocarbons. An efficient tungstated zirconia catalyst was suggested for isomerization of the fraction of C7 hydrocarbons. The indicated catalysts are employed in the proposed scheme of integrated reforming and isomerization processes, which ensures the production of motor gasolines Euro-5 and 6, as well as the promising gasolines with a decreased content of aromatic hydrocarbons.
Acid activation as a method to control the catalytic properties of montmorillonite in the synthesis of solketal from glycerol and acetone
Authors: Kovalenko O. N. , Simentsova I. I. , Panchenko V. N. , Timofeeva M. N.
Published: January 2022

The effect of acid activation using 0.125–0.5 mol/l Н2SO4, HCl and HNO3 on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of natural clay (95 % montmorillonite, Mukhartalinsk deposit) was investigated. The rate and selectivity of the solketal (2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane) synthesis from glycerol and acetone were shown to depend on the concentration and type of the acid. The reaction rate and the yield of solketal increase with increasing concentration of the acid, which is consistent with the growth in the amount of Broensted sites. As the surface acidity increases, the efficiency of the system increases in the series MM/HCl > MM/HNO3 > MM/H2SO4.
Presentación
Authors: Pérez de las Heras Beatriz
Published: January 2022

Este número monográfico de Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto incluye algunas de las contribuciones realizadas durante el Congreso Internacional European Union-Asia Pacific dialogue: fostering synergies on global challenges, celebrado en la Universidad de Deusto los días 22 y 23 de abril de 2021. La realización de este evento tuvo lugar en el marco de las actividades del proyecto europeo Jean Monnet Network (EUNAP), que proporciona una plataforma académica para promover el conocimiento mutuo, la investigación conjunta y el debate multidisciplinar sobre las relaciones entre la Unión Europea y la región de Asia Pacífico. Durante la segunda jornada de este Congreso Internacional, diversos doctorandos y jóvenes investigadores de ambas regiones tuvieron ocasión de presentar sus contribuciones sobre los distintos retos y perspectivas que encara actualmente el diálogo interregional. Cinco de estas aportaciones son las que se recogen en formato de artículos en este monográfico.
How can a collaborative governance model be built up for territorial development?
Authors:   University of Deusto, Zumeaga Amaia , Magro Edurne , Salazar Miren
Published: January 2022

Bizkaia Orekan Sakonduz is a collaborative initiative led by the Provincial Council of Bizkaia, in which Orkestra (the Basque Institute of Competitiveness) played a founding role. It was set up in response to the need detected in 2014 through a competitiveness diagnosis that economic promotion policies respond to the reality of a heterogeneous and diverse territory not only in terms of its productive structure but also in terms of its competitiveness challenges. Accordingly, a multilevel governance model was implemented involving representatives from key organizations at local and county levels. Over the last few years, collaborative dynamics have emerged, which have enabled, on the one hand, to deepen the capacities of these people from local and county bodies to be strengthened as facilitators of the progresses in the challenges of territorial competitiveness and, on the other, to generate joint projects about common challenges. The need to create a supporting tool for these projects led to the launching of an aid scheme in 2020.
Young Customers’ Expectations in Terms of Implementing PropTech (Property Technology) on the Local Primary Residential Market in Poland
Authors: Strączkowski Łukasz , Górska Anna , Mazurczak Anna
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study is to assess customers’ expectations in the use of modern technologies in the process of buying and subsequent use of flats on the local primary residential real estate market. The study has been conducted in order to achieve the above-mentioned goal. A survey questionnaire was used as a research tool. The subjects were young people (up to 35 years of age) from the area of Poznań (non-random sample selection, sample size n=220). Based on the research, it can be concluded that there is a large group of customers that are aware of modern technologies and claim that they would be willing to pay more for the technologies they choose. Probably this number could be increased if the buyers were pointed to specific savings from investing in modern solutions. The adopted spatial scope (city of Poznań) results from the specificity of this research area. And although there are no substantive grounds for major generalisations, taking into account the size of the market in Poznań, it can be assumed that in other large Polish cities customer preferences are similar.
Investigation of the effect of coronary collateral circulation quality on postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft operations in patients with right coronary artery total occlusion
Authors: ABANOZ Mustafa , YAVUZ Senol
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) may occur in 25-50% of patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The severity of coronary artery disease and the quality of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in the coronary artery with chronic total occlusion (CTO) are known as indirect indicators of myocardial ischemia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of CCC quality on PoAF in patients with right coronary artery (RCA) total occlusion who underwent CABG operation.
Methods: Patients who underwent isolated CABG operation between May 15, 2016 and June 15, 2020 and had RCA CTO were included in the study retrospectively. The patients were recorded as Group 1 who developed PoAF in the postoperative period and Group 2 who did not.
Results: A total of 99 patients were included in the study. Those who develop PoAF were determined as Group 1 (n = 32, mean age = 66.9 ± 11 years), and those who did not were determined as Group 2 (n = 67, mean age = 54.4 ± 12.8, years). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypelipidemia and chronic obstuctive pulmonary disease rates. In multivariate analysis, being over 70 years old (OR: 1.396, 95% CI: 1.080-2.190, p = 0.007), poor CCC (OR: 1.090, 95% CI: 1.045-1.338, p = 0.014) and left atrial diamater (OR: 0.557, 95% CI: 0.471-0.783, p = 0.032) were determined as independent predictors of development of PoAF.
Conclusions: In this current study, we demonstrated that low CCC quality increases the risk of POAF in patients with right coronary CTO. CCC quality can be used as an evaluation parameter in identifying groups at risk for PoAF in these special patient groups.
ПРОГНОЗ ЛИТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА БАЖЕНОВСКОЙ СВИТЫ НА ОСНОВЕ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: Фомин Михаил Александрович , Костырева Елена Анатольевна , Рыжкова Светлана Владимировна , Саитов Рашид Маратович , Сотнич Инга Сергеевна , Эдер Вика Георгиевна
Published: January 2022

Ссылка для цитирования: Прогноз литологического состава баженовской свиты на основе комплексной интерпретации геологических и геофизических материалов / М.А. Фомин, Е.А. Костырева, С.В. Рыжкова, Р.М. Саитов, И.С. Сотнич, В.Г. Эдер // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2022. – Т. 333. – № 1. – С.154-167.

В связи с истощением запасов нефти в традиционных гранулярных коллекторах в Западно-Сибирской нефтегазоносной провинции все большую значимость приобретает разработка и совершенствование технологических приемов, увеличивающих объемы добычи нефти из низкопроницаемых пород баженовской свиты. Перспективы нефтеносности этих пород в значительной степени зависят от их литологии. В этой связи разработка методического подхода расчета минерально-компонентного состава баженовской свиты в скважинах, не охарактеризованных керновым материалом, представляется актуальным исследованием. Объектом исследования являются карбонатно-глинисто-кремнистые породы баженовской свиты, характеризующиеся большой неоднородностью минерально-компонентного состава по разрезу. Цель: выявление и изучение взаимосвязей между литологическим составом пород и электрическими и радиоактивными свойствами баженовской свиты в центральной части Западно-Сибирского осадочного бассейна для разработки методики расчета содержания основных породообразующих компонентов в разрезе этой свиты. Методы: выявление взаимосвязей между минерально-компонентным составом пород баженовской свиты и ее электрическими и радиоактивными свойствами; статистический анализ полученных связей; расчет на их основе литологического состава баженовских пород в базовой, а также в соседних скважинах. Результаты. В статье изложены результаты комплексной литолого-геофизической интерпретации данных широкого комплекса электрического и радиоактивного каротажа и результатов аналитических исследований керна, на основе которых разработан и апробирован методический подход к расчету концентраций основных породообразующих компонентов баженовской свиты. Он основывается на выявленных взаимосвязях между минерально-компонентным составом пород и их физическими свойствами. Показана удовлетворительная сходимость расчетных значений и данных по керну, построена объемная литологическая модель для одной из скважин Дружной площади. Обосновано использование полученных взаимосвязей для достоверного расчета литологического состава баженовской свиты в близко расположенных скважинах, не охарактеризованных керновым материалом. Показана невозможность использования предлагаемого методического подхода на расстояния в несколько десятков км, а также в тонкослоистых разрезах.
СИНТЕЗ АЛГОРИТМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ АВТОНОМНОЙ СИСТЕМОЙ ЭНЕРГОСНАБЖЕНИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ КВАТЕРНИОНОВ
Authors: Нос Олег Викторович , Коровин Александр Владимирович , Кучак Сергей Викторович
Published: January 2022

Ссылка для цитирования:  Нос О.В., Коровин А.В., Кучак  С.В. Синтез алгоритма управления автономной системой энергоснабжения с использованием кватернионов  // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2022. – Т. 333. – № 1. – С. 7-14

Актуальность. В связи с непрерывным увеличением доли производства электрической энергии на основе возобновляемых источников, к числу которых относят солнечное излучение, энергия ветра, морские приливы и т. д., которые характеризуются непостоянством и случайным характером периодов генерации мощности, все большее значение приобретают прикладные задачи бесперебойного электропитания автономных объектов с гарантированным качеством и высоким быстродействием. Зачастую нагрузка также имеет непредсказуемый характер, что проявляется в виде несимметрии подключения, скачкообразных сбросов и набросов мощности, а также в наличии нелинейных потребителей, что отражается на качестве напряжения в системе электроснабжения. Цель: синтез быстродействующего алгоритма управления автономной трехфазной системой электроснабжения технологических объектов минерально-сырьевого комплекса с целью обеспечения симметричного гармонического закона изменения во времени генерируемых напряжений. Объекты: автономная система электропитания; четырехстоечный мостовой инвертор с широтно-импульсной модуляцией, однофазная/трехфазная нагрузка. Методы: алгебра кватернионов, некоммутативные правила умножения мнимых единиц, принцип управления по отклонению, системы подчиненного регулирования. Результаты. Разработана базовая концепция построения, организации и технической реализации автономной системы генерации электрической энергии переменного тока, способ управления которой базируется на декомпозиции кватерниона трехфазных напряжений на симметричную гармоническую составляющую и компоненты, вызванные амплитудно-фазовой асимметрией и нелинейностью цепей нагрузки. Описанный в работе непрерывный закон обеспечивает высокое быстродействие мгновенной компенсации искажений в режимах отработки скачкообразных сбросов и набросов нагрузки. Экспериментальные исследования проведены на нагрузке различного рода и конфигурации: однофазной, трехфазной симметричной, а также двухфазной, одна фаза из которых имеет нелинейный характер потребления тока.
Conventional and Biotechnological Approaches for Enhancing the Shelf-life of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review
Authors: Kaur Navjeet , Adhikary Trina , Singh Amardeep
Published: January 2022

Due to highly perishable nature and less shelf-life, post-harvest losses of fruit and vegetables results in high gap between production and availability. Various plants traits which need to be genetically modified for higher shelf-life includes lowered rate of respiration and ethylene production, less sensitivity to ethylene, lowering ripening rate, reduced browning, decreased chilling sensitivity and increased postharvest disease resistance. The importance of understanding the biochemical process of softening and the use of such information for retarding the ripening process has been demonstrated in this paper. After reviewing the development made in extending the shelf-life of fruits, it becomes evident that although success in this field has been inadequate, there are possibilities that fruit breeders will succeed in near future in evolving superior cultivars with longer shelf-life.
Various Effects of Concentrate Feed Supplementation at Different Physiological Stages in Madras Red Sheep
Authors: Kumar P. Suresh , Kumar K. Suresh , Pasupathy Karu , Kumar V. Ramesh Sarvana , Viswanathan K. , Panneerselvam S. , Chandrasekaran D.
Published: January 2022

Background: Majority of the sheep farmers in our country (semi arid region) do not supplement with concentrate feed even in critical physiological stages. It was observed that concentrate supplementation in addition to free grazing substantially improved production performance of ewes and lambs. Methods: In this study the parameters such as conception rate, birth weight of lambs, fortnightly body weight changes, rumen fermentation pattern and blood parameters were recorded. Result: Out of twenty sheep in each group 16, 18 and 19 were exhibited oestrous symptoms and the percentage of heat observed were 80, 90 and 95 in the G1, G2 and G3, respectively. The numbers of animals conceived were 12, 14 and 17 and the conception percentage was 75, 77 and 89. The concentrate supplemented group showed higher conception rate. The numbers of lambs born were 12, 14 and 17 and the lambing percentages were 75, 78 and 89 for the G1, G2 and G3, respectively. The rumen pH was found to be decreasing in G3 group followed by G2 group when compared to G1 group whereas, the production of VFA was found to be higher in G3 group followed by G2 group when compared to G1 group. There were increased levels of total nitrogen, TCA nitrogen and NP nitrogen in sheep at 4 hours after feeding of concentrate feed in G3 group followed by G2 group when compared to G1 group. The results indicated that the higher levels of blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and BUN were observed in G3 group followed by G2 group when compared to G1 group.
Pemberian Salep Ekstrak Daun Kersen, Efektif Meningkatkan Proses Angiogenesis Pada Kesembuhan Luka Insisi Kulit Mencit Hiperglikemia
Authors: Nadira Laras Ayu , Jayawardhita Anak Agung Gde , Adi Anak Agung Ayu Mirah
Published: January 2022

Kesembuhan luka pada penderita hiperglikemia akan lebih lambat dari kesembuhan luka normal yang disebabkan oleh tingginya kadar glukosa di dalam darah, sehingga menurunkan aliran darah dan memperlambat proses mengeringnya luka. Dalam upaya penyembuhan luka yang dikomplikasi dengan hiperglikemia, dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan pengobatan tradisional, salah satunya dengan ekstrak daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.). Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian salep ekstrak daun kersen terhadap percepatan kesembuhan luka insisi kulit mencit yang mengalami hiperglikemia melalui pengamatan proses angiogenesis. Penelitian ini menggunakan sebanyak 24 ekor mencit (Mus musculus) jantan sebagai hewan coba yang dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan, (T0) dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun kersen 0%, (T1) 30%, (T2) 40%, dan (T3) 50%. Mencit diinduksi menggunakan aloksan (150 mg/kg BB, intraperitonial) agar hiperglikemia,kemudian diinsisi dipunggung dengan panjang luka ± 1,5 cm dan kedalaman ± 2 mm hingga mencapai subcutan. Selanjutnya diberikan perlakuan menggunakan salep ekstrak daun kersen secara topikal selama 5 hari, lalu dibiopsi pada hari ke-6. Proses penyembuhan luka diamati pada preparat histopatologi berdasarkan hasil angiogenesis, lalu dilakukan perhitungan rerata jumlah pembuluh darah pada masing-masing perlakuan. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah pemberian salep ekstrak daun kersen pada luka insisi kulit mencit hiperglikemia terbukti dapat meningkatkan proses angiogenesis, dilihat dari hasil perbandingan rerata jumlah pembuluh darah antara keempat kelompok perlakuan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak daun kersen 50% terbukti memiliki rerata jumlah pembuluh darah hasil proses angiogenesis yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi 0%, 30%, dan 40% sehingga dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka insisi kulit mencit yang mengalami hiperglikemia.
Byzantium, Europe, Russia: Social practices and Interrelations of spiritual traditions. Archive of the Conference
Authors:   Sociological Institute of FCTAS RAS, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Nogovitsin Oleg N. , Makovetsky Eugene A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ivanenko Anton A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Panteleev Aleksey D. ,   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

В издании представлены статьи по материалам докладов международной научной конференции «Византия, Европа, Россия: социальные практики и взаимосвязь духовных традиций», прошедшей 1–2 октября 2021 г. в Социологическом институте РАН — филиале ФНИСЦ РАН и Русской христианской гуманитарной академии. Конференция была посвящена интеллектуальной истории трех основных комплексов практик цивилизационного развития в европейском, средиземноморском и евро-азиатском регионах в исторических истоках их возникновения и существования — Византийской, Западноевропейской и Русской цивилизаций, а также цивилизаций, входящих в ареалы их влияния и взаимодействия.
Economic efficiency of contactless automatic voltage regulation by thyristor-reactor switching device in direct current traction power supply system
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Afanasyeva Natalya Alexandrovna , Baeva Irina Anatolyevna ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Tarasovskiy Timofey Sergeevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2022

The paper presents results of analysis of disadvantages of contactless automatic voltage regulation (CAVR) system with a reactor switching device (RSD) that is used on direct current electrified railways. It also shows direction of its improvement. The authors have considered a functional scheme of the closed CAVR system of a converter unit with a thyristor-reactor switching device (TRSD) and a TRSNP-12500/10 converter transformer. They have also carried out an engineering and economical comparison of two modes of traction power supply system (TPSS) operation: without application of voltage regulation devices on traction substations with no-load voltage of 3500 V and with application of voltage regulation devices by the CAVR system at stabilization of voltage on levels of 3500, 3600 and 3700 V with various variants of switching devices. As a result, the authors have determined that the use of the CAVR system with the TRSD is economically efficient.
Development of «CHROMATIC» program for assessment of condition of traction transformers
Authors:   Far Eastern State Transport University (FESTU), Makasheva Svetlana Igorevna , Pinchukov Pavel Sergeevich ,   Far Eastern State Transport University (FESTU)
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the urgent problem of preventing failures of oil-filled railways equipment by means of non-destructive methods of diagnostics and early detection of pre-failure conditions. A computer program based on dissolved gas analysis for assessing and predicting the power transformer’s state was proposed and registered. The objects of the study are traction substation’s transformers located on the Far Eastern Railway of Russia. The dissolved gases concentration has been analyzed for an eight-year observation period. The problem of the state of oil insulation predicting is solved by Gaussian distribution applying. The developed software can be used at the digital traction substations as the predictive analytic block, which corresponds to the current digitalization trend.
Structural and phenomenological models of metals for car manufacturing
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Yakushev Alexey Vyacheslavovich , Smolyaninov Alexander Vasilyevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kolyasov Konstantin Mikhaylovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2022

The paper provides examples of negative changes of mechanical properties of metals, including 20L cast steel, that are used in manufacturing of bearing elements of bogies for freight cars, which are manifested with growth of cyclic operating time. In order to study relationship of mechanical properties the authors have carried out a mathematical description of processes occurring at uniaxial quasi-static stretching in representative volume of fragile and viscous steel for car manufacturing with various cyclic operating time. Well known models of structural steel are supplemented by the Mironov - Yakushev model that considers a softening stage in separate microstructural seeds and that is useful for studying fragile and viscous steel. The authors have studied damage of steel by a method of preventive unloading on a stage of poet-failure deformation with a construction of full tensile stress-strain diagrams at stretching of studied volume of metal and have compared with results of tests of full-scale samples. Results of modeling show a decrease of all mechanical properties of metals after operating time and an interaction with the tensile stress-strain diagram.
Car fleet safety assurance on non-public railway tracks
Authors:   Sverdlovsk Infrastructure Directorate, Sverdlov Vadim Borisovich , Lapshin Vasiliy Fedorovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2022

The paper considers problems connected with car fleet safety assurance, it highlights aspects that require a scientific solution. Special attention is paid to assessment of influence of railway transport structural reform on dynamics of damage growth of freight cars. The paper shows that the greatest amount of damage occurs during freight and shunting operation on non-public railway tracks while a technological level of organization and execution of freight operations on industrial enterprises can’t guarantee an exception of car damage risks. On the example of open-box cars unloading with the use of overhead vibration machines the authors have considered aspects of safety assurance that require a scientific justification. They have highlighted priority tasks that it is necessary to solve: revision of normative and technical documentation on freight car safety assurance, arrangement of interaction between car owners, a railway infrastructure owner and owners of non-public railway tracks, development of methodological basics for organization of car fleet safety assurance system.
Forecasting of passenger traffic in commuter rail operation on the basis of social and economic indicators and structure of land use (on example of Chelyabinsk region)
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Martynenko Alexander Valerievich , Vakolyuk Kirill Konstantinovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2022

In many issues connected with organization and planning of passenger transportation in commuter rail operation an important role has forecasting of passenger traffic based on accessible information about its origin and absorption near railway stations. In order to get such a forecast researchers mostly use models of direct demand that represent regression dependencies between passenger traffic and ride cost, its duration and also social and economic characteristics of settlements (population, average income, unemployment rate and etc.) served by railway stations. The paper suggests an approach to modeling of direct demand that is based on methods of machine learning and that uses not only social and economic characteristics as explaining variables but also geodata about structure of land use near railway stations. The approach considered is realized for the commuter rail operation in Chelyabinsk region.
Development of diagnostics algorithm for electric traction motors of 2ES6 «Sinara» electric locomotives
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Buynosov Alexander Petrovich , Khudoyarov Dmitriy Leonidovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Tyushev Igor Andreevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2022

According to results of analysis of main reasons that lead to failures and unscheduled repairs of electric traction motors of 2ES6 «Sinara» electric locomotives the authors have developed an algorithm of predictive diagnostics for detecting electric damage of stabilizing, armature and exciting windings. They have also established that at functional test and search of electric damage of windings of various traction motors used on locomotives it is necessary to pay attention to armature current deviations between neighbour bogies.
Case Report of a Neonate Born to a Mother with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection under ECMO
Authors: Vilardouro Ana Sofia , Castelão Mafalda , Costa Paula , Abrantes Margarida
Published: January 2022

Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections are rare and although there is some evidence of vertical transmission, most newborns show no clinical signs or present with only mild clinical symptoms. Fetal survival is reported around 70% in mothers submitted to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. We present a case of a male newborn born at 29 weeks from a mother under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. There was no evidence of vertical transmission, polymerase chain reaction testing of nasopharyngeal/throat swab and polymerase chain reaction testing of blood sample for SARS-CoV-2 were both negative. On day 2, he developed signs of osteomyelitis of the distal femur extremity, which resolved after six weeks of antibiotic therapy, with no other significant events during admission. This case report depicts the favorable outcome of a live infant born to a mother with severe SARS-CoV-2infection under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Kaj se lahko naučimo od Jacquesa Mehlerja, klasičnega kognitivnega znanstvenika
Authors: Saksida Amanda
Published: January 2022

Prispevek prikazuje življenjsko delo enega od akterjev tako imenovane kognitivne revolucije, Jacquesa Mehlerja, ki je bil eden uspešnejših evropskih raziskovalcev razvoja človeške kognicije, še posebej razvoja govora. Ob tem članek predstavi glavne predpostavke klasične kognitivne znanosti – modularnost uma ter vlogo narave in vzgoje pri razvoju in delovanju miselnih procesov – in opiše, katere vpoglede v delovanje uma je omogočilo njegovo empirično raziskovanje v preteklih desetletjih. Na kratko tudi predstavi nova spoznanja, ki so kognitivno znanost v zadnjih dveh desetletjih dodobra spremenila in ki so deloma vplivala tudi na njegovo delo. Način, kako je Mehler ta nova spoznanja vedno znova integriral v svoje delo, lahko predstavlja enega od modelov sinteze empiričnega in teoretskega raziskovanja.
Optimization of Water Distribution Networks Using Genetic Algorithm based SOP–WDN Program
Authors: Sangroula Uchit , Han Kuk-Heon , Koo Kang-Min , Gnawali Kapil , Yum Kyung-Taek
Published: January 2022

Water distribution networks are vital infrastructure, needed for providing consumers with sufficient water of appropriate quality. The cost of construction, operation, and maintenance of such networks is extremely large. The problem of optimization of a water distribution network is governed by the type of water distribution network and the size of pipelines placed in the distribution network. This problem of the optimal diameter allocation of pipes in a distribution network has been heavily researched over the past few decades. This study describes the development of a computer program, ‘Smart Optimization Program for Water Distribution Networks’ (SOP–WDN), which applies Genetic Algorithm to the problem of the least-cost design of water distribution networks. SOP–WDN demonstrates the application of an evolutionary optimization technique, Genetic Algorithm, linked with a hydraulic simulation solver EPANET, for the optimal design of water distribution networks. The developed program was applied to three benchmark water distribution network optimization problems and produced consistently good results. SOP–WDN can be utilized as a tool for guiding engineers during the design and rehabilitation of water distribution pipelines.
Расчет высокоскоростных течений на основе гиперболической квазигазодинамической системы
Authors: Луцкий Александр Евгеньевич , Lutsky Alexander Evgenjevich , Северин Александр Владимирович , Severin Alexander Vladimirovich , Ханхасаева Яна Владиславовна , Khankhasaeva Yana Vladislavovna
Published: January 2022

На основе компактного варианта гиперболической системы квазигазодинамических уравнений разработан и реализован на современных многопроцессорных вычислительных системах К-100 и К-60 (ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша РАН) численный алгоритм для неструктурных сеток. Проведены расчеты обтекания модели высокоскоростного летательного аппарата при числе Маха М=6 и различных углах атаки.
Проведено численное моделирование нестационарного течения в канале воздухозаборника.
Implementation of Islamic Spiritual Guidance for People with Mental Disorders at the Jalma Sehat Kudus Foundation
Authors: Bastomi Hasan
Published: January 2022

Implementation of Islamic Spiritual Guidance for People with Mental Disorders at the Jalma Sehat Kudus Foundation. This study aims to reveal the implementation of Islamic spiritual guidance for people with mental disorders at the Jalma Sehat Kudus Foundation. This research on the implementation of Islamic spiritual guidance for people with mental disorders was carried out using a qualitative approach with the type of field research (field research) with data collection techniques using Interview, Observation and Documentation. The research subjects or informants in this research are the Chairperson of the Jalma Sehat Kudus Foundation, nurses, and spiritual mentors of the Jalma Sehat Kudus Foundation. The results showed that the Jalma Sehat Kudus Foundation in carrying out spiritual guidance for people with mental disorders. Methods. Spiritual guidance for people with mental disorders was carried out by the individual method (direct) and the group guidance method. The stages and materials for spiritual guidance for people with mental disorders are in three stages, namely: (1) the initial stage is by introducing Fiqh Worship, (2) the intermediate stage is the seriousness stage, namely by providing religious lecture guidance, and the final stage is the stage of ending the guidance process ( termination). Suggestion It is necessary to have a permanent spiritual guide who is assigned to carry out spiritual guidance at the Jalma Sehat Kudus Foundation so that the implementation of Islamic spiritual guidance can run continuously.
Keywords: Guidance, Islamic Spirituality, Mental Disorders
Islamisme Turki: Kaum Tarekat dan Kebangkitan Islam-Politik Republik Turki
Authors: Mahendra Fahmi Rizal
Published: January 2022

After announcing as an independent state, the Republic of Turkey adopted the secularism system as the principle of the new Turkish state. In simple terms, the Turkish state released the Islamic identity that had been attached and identical to the Ottoman Turkish empire which had lasted for 700 years. In implementing the secularism policy, the Turkish government faces challenges from Muslims / Islamists who want to build secularism by carrying out rebellions or participating in elections with the aim of restoring sharia or wanting to establish an Islamic state again. This study aims to trace the roots of Turkish Islamism in the modern period or after the founding of the Republic of Turkey. By using historical research methods and the use of qualitative methods. This study found several factors that influenced the rise of Turkish Islamism. One of them is the vital role of the tarekat centered in the Iskenderpasa Mosque, led by Sheikh Mehmet Zahid Kotku. In an effort to fight secularism, the tarekat mobilized their members to take an active part in the elections in Turkey. Many of the tarekat members, especially the Naqshbandiyah who occupy important positions in Turkey, such as Turgut Ozal, the former President of Turkey, Erbakan, the former Prime Minister of Turkey, one of the important actors in the rise of the current Islamic Party, Recep Tayyib Erdogan, are also members of the congregation of the Naqshbandiyah Order.
Civil Society’s Role in Indonesia’s Humanitarian Diplomacy: Study of Indonesian Religious Organizations' Humanitarian Aid in the Crisis in Myanmar's Rakhine State Region (2012- 2018)
Authors: Jatmika Muhammad Indrawan , Anggraheni Palupi
Published: January 2022

Civil Society is considered as the third space outside the state and market where people can express their opinions and make certain contributions to create a condition in accordance with the certain values they profess. As the time progresses, with the development of information and globalization, the demand for bigger civic space is undeniable and the need for society to be able to contribute to an issue that occurs outside the border of their country is arising. This encourages the role of civil society to contribute to humanitarian diplomacy efforts where the role of the community and non-state actors is needed in solving transnational problems. This issue is exemplified by the role of various religious organizations in Indonesia through their contribution in helping to solve humanitarian problems in Rakhine State, of Myanmar between 2012 to 2018. Through a humanitarian diplomacy approach, these various religious organizations collaborated with the Indonesian government to send various types of assistance. This paper will explain why the role of religious organizations in Indonesia as the representation of civil society is significant in the humanitarian diplomacy effort of the Rakhine State Crisis. This paper will also provide a descriptive narrative related to how these contributions are channelled and delivered to the conflict-affected communities in Myanmar.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 22.01.2022 г. по 28.01.2022 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена , Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: January 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 22.01.2022 г. по 28.01.2022 г.
Emergency Management of Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression
Authors:   Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan, Abbasi Muhammad Muaz , Ali Sheikh Muhammad Ebad ,   Department of Orthopedics, Dr. Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan., Saheto Badar ,   Department of Orthopedics, Dr. Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan., Zaidi Syed Itaat Hussain ,   Department of Orthopedics, Dr. Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: January 2022

Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression (MSCC) is one of the major forms of oncological emergencies. Other common emergency scenarios seen in cancer patients include Neutropenic Sepsis, Hypercalcemia and Superior Vena Cava Obstruction (SVCO). During this brief discussion of MSCC we will be going over the red flag symptoms a patient may present with common malignancies. We shall go through the points that are associated with and the multidisciplinary management of MSCC. A patient presenting to the emergency room with symptoms including recent onset back pain [1, 2], in the extremes of age (i.e. <20 or >55), with a history of weight loss, pyrexia, night sweats, sensory loss, leg weakness, constant pain at night and at rest and/or complains of urinary retention, fecal incontinence should have MSCC considered in differential diagnosis and appropriate work up should be considered.
Prediction of Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C by Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Kosekli Mehmet Ali
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Hepatitis C is a chronic inflammatory condition that associated with fibrosis. Novel inflammatory markers have been suggested to be related inflammatory condition. Therefore, we aimed to investigate hemogram derived indices, such as, Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Platelet to Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in hepatitis C subjects and to compare those in healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In present retrospective study, 17 HCV patients having mild fibrosis, 23 patients having advanced fibrosis and 68 control subjects were included whom visited outpatient clinics of our institution between 1.10. 2017 and 30.11.2019. Hemogram indices and laboratory characteristics were compared. Results: Median MPV values of the advanced fibrosis patients [8.3 (6.5-14) fL] was significantly higher than that of the mild fibrosis patients [7.9 (6.5-11.1) fL] (p=0.002) and control subjects [7.2 (4.6-10.7) fL] p<0.001) whereas MPV values of mild and advanced fibrosis patients were similar (p=0.750). Median PLR values of the mild fibrosis, advanced fibrosis and control groups were 103 (58-223) %, 86 (45-358) %, and 77 (64-96) %, respectively (p=0.010). A ROC analysis revealed that a MPV value greater than 7.3 fL determines advanced fibrosis with 76% sensitivity and 59% specificity. A PLR greater than 92% determines advanced fibrosis with 73% sensitivity and 64% specificity. Conclusion: We suggest that elevated PLR and MPV could predict of advanced fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Keywords: Hepatitis C, Fibrosis, Platelet to lymphocyte ratio, Mean platelet volume, Hemogram indices, Liver cirrhosis.
Increased expression of PDGFA and RAF1 in tumor-derived exosomes in human colorectal cancer
Authors: Madjd Zahra , Vafaei Somayeh , Naseri Marzieh , Zöller Margot , Saeednejad Leili , Karamzadeh Razieh , Gao Yuzhen , Amoli Hadi Ahmadi , Ebrahimi Marzieh
Published: January 2022

Background: Overexpression of tumor markers in Extracellular vesicles (EV), especially in tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs), is implicated in metastasis. However, identifying the specific content of Ev's roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis or prognosis requires further validation by bioinformatics and clinical investigations. Methods: We explored molecular markers shared between TDEs and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients to identify candidate genes involved in CRC metastasis. Common markers were analyzed in gene expression profiles of two studies (GSE31023 and GSE72577). Results: In blood samples from 20 CRC patients, the expression of candidate genes was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in CTC, TDEs, and microvesicles (MVs), and the expression levels were correlated with clinicopathological features. To further confirm, the expression of candidate genes was investigated in exosomes derived from the parental HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29-EXOs), and cancer stem cells (CSCs) -enriched spheroids (CSC-EXOs) derived thereof. Gene ontology (GO) analysis suggested platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGFA) and proto-oncogene, Serine/Threonine kinase Raf-1 (RAF1) as new CRC candidate markers in CTCs and TDEs. According to real-time PCR, expression of PDGFA (P=0.0086) and RAF1 (P=0.048) were upregulated in TDEs but significantly decreased (P=0.0001) in MVs. Furthermore, expression in CSC-EXOs (P=0.0004) was increased compared to HT-29-EXOs. Conclusion: PDGFA and RAF1 mRNA are higher in CSC-EXOs than in HT-29-EXOs, which correlates with higher expression in CSC than the primary tumor. Notably, as no increase was observed in MVs, PDGFA and RAF1 mRNA appear to be actively recruited into TDE.