bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les photographies de l’ethnologie : objets exposés, objets projetés
Authors: Mauuarin Anaïs , Peltier-Caroff Carine
Published: April 2022

Alors que les collections photographiques sont innombrables au sein des institutions anthropologiques et des fonds privés de chercheurs, cet article vise à éclairer un pan du rapport historique que l’ethnologie française a eu avec le médium. Parallèlement aux enjeux documentaires qui lui étaient associés et qui ont conduit à une intense production et accumulation depuis la fin du xixe siècle, des modalités de monstrations ont également été mises en œuvre au sein de la discipline. À partir du cas du musée de l’Homme, cet article éclaire le recours aux photographies dans le cadre d’expositions ambitieuses et leur rôle au sein des communications illustrées. Observer ces pratiques et les analyser permet ainsi de dessiner les contours du contexte visuel dans lequel les ethnologues ont évolué, de cerner les usages potentiels associés de leurs images, et les référentiels culturels et visuels avec lesquels ils ont composé.
Entre archive et pratiques vivantes
Authors: Castéret Jean-Jacques
Published: April 2022

Dès le milieu des années 2000, l’actuel Centre international de recherche et documentation occitanes – Institut occitan de cultura, labellisé Ethnopôle par le ministère de la Culture, a abordé l’accessibilité des collections d’archives orales tout autant que les questions d’inventaire et de valorisation du patrimoine culturel immatériel par le biais de productions éditoriales en ligne. En quinze ans, divers sites et portails internet thématiques ont vu le jour, des équipements de médiation constituant peu à peu un écosystème numérique incluant aussi les réseaux sociaux. Cet article revient sur les logiques documentaires, technologiques, territoriales et politiques qui sous-tendent l’action de l’établissement à la croisée de la recherche et de la médiation culturelle, entre archive et pratiques vivantes ; inventaire et éducation artistique et culturelle ; appropriation des ressources par les artistes et acteurs de terrain.
Le Pigeon de Mario Monicelli
Authors: Le Bihan Loig
Published: March 2022

Un film de transition. C’est de cette façon que Le Pigeon (I soliti ignoti, 1958) de Mario Monicelli est généralement présenté. Il s’agirait du premier exemple de comédie « à l’italienne », mêlant contexte réaliste, traitement comique et éléments tragiques. Ainsi prédéterminé, un discours critique différent n’a guère eu de place pour s’exprimer. Pourtant, Loig Le Bihan nous soumet une autre approche de l’œuvre. En étudiant ses appréciations critiques, en la comparant à ses suite et remakes, en analysant ses références iconographiques, topographiques et sociologiques ainsi que les variations entre scénario et tournage, l’auteur propose une interprétation originale de ce classique du cinéma italien, à partir d’une hypothèse principale : son histoire de production révélerait un processus complexe, puisant au plus profond de la culture italienne et de l’histoire de Rome.
Interactions verbales enseignants-étudiants en cours magistral et compétences transversales des enseignants
Authors: Berthaud Julien , Duguet Amélie
Published: April 2022

Au sein de l’enseignement supérieur français la pertinence du cours magistral fait régulièrement l’objet de débats, notamment en ce qui concerne les pratiques pédagogiques qui y sont mises en œuvre. Si la recherche s’est intéressée à plusieurs reprises à ce type de cours, peu de travaux se sont attachés à décrire de façon empirique les pratiques interactionnelles des enseignants durant ce type d’enseignements ni à identifier les facteurs qui influent sur ces pratiques. A partir des propos déclaratifs collectés auprès de 276 enseignants d’une université française, cet article vise à décrire la nature de ces pratiques mais également les liens qu’elles entretiennent avec des facteurs individuels et contextuels parmi lesquels sont considérées les compétences transversales des enseignants. Nos résultats conduisent notamment à reconsidérer l’idée selon laquelle le cours magistral interdit toute forme d’interactions entre enseignant et étudiants.
La perception de l’accompagnement en entreprise par les apprenti-e-s et son influence dans la transmission des savoirs pratiques de métier. Le contexte de la formation en alternance en maçonnerie en Suisse
Authors: Caprani Isabelle , Duemmler Kerstin , Felder Alexandra
Published: April 2022

L’accompagnement en entreprise signifie de soutenir et encadrer les apprenant-e-s en situation de travail tout en les amenant à se familiariser avec les différentes techniques propres au métier. Il s’exprime particulièrement à travers les relations sociales entre apprenti-e-s et personnes encadrantes et en charge de leur formation. En nous appuyant sur les récits d’apprenti-e-s en maçonnerie, nous proposons d’analyser l’influence de l’accompagnement sur le développement professionnel des jeunes en formation. Cette démarche permet de relever quelles sont les pratiques d’accompagnement contribuant à un bon développement professionnel et quelles sont celles qui peuvent l’entraver. L’enjeu d’un bon accompagnement est l’attribution de responsabilités aux différents membres de l’équipe, en créant un accompagnement collectif adapté aux besoins de développement professionnel des apprenti-e-s.
L’éducation relative à l’environnement sous l’ère néolibérale : ombres et lumières à l’heure du changement climatique
Authors: González Gaudiano Edgar J.
Published: April 2022

Une analyse de la trajectoire de l’éducation relative à l’environnement depuis 1987 permet de mettre au jour les conséquences institutionnelles et pédagogiques de la promotion de l’éducation au développement durable. Celle-ci fait partie intégrante de la stratégie néolibérale globale visant la mise en place de conditions sociales plus favorables à la phase actuelle du capitalisme où les fins économiques prévalent sur les normes culturelles. La dimension éducationnelle de cette problématique est examinée ici en portant une attention toute particulière au cas du Mexique. Il importe que l’éducation se saisisse de l’emprise du néolibéralisme et en particulier du problème de la consommation et sa promesse illusoire d’ascension et de distinction sociale, ainsi que ses conséquences socio-environnementales sur les océans, l’atmosphère, la biodiversité, les sols, la santé, les inégalités, les migrations, etc. Nous nous attarderons enfin plus spécifiquement au problème du changement climatique, mettant en évidence les enjeux politico-pédagogiques qu’une telle crise globale soulève.
Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation Using a Generalized Gamma Probability Distribution Function (PDF) of Matched Filtered
Authors: K Susheel Kumar  , Singh Nagendra Pratap
Published: April 2022

Retinal images contain information about the retina's blood vessel structure to predict retinal diseases such as diabetics, obesity, glaucoma, etc. Segmentation of accurate retinal blood vessels is a challenging task in the low background of retinal images. Therefore, we proposed a Generalized Gamma Distribution probability distribution function (pdf) to extract the accurate vascular structure on the retinal images. The proposed approach is divided into processing steps, the Generalized Gamma distribution kernel, and the postprocessing step. In pre-processing, the conversion of a color retinal image into a grayscale image using PCA followed by the CLAHE method and the Toggle Contrast method enhances the grayscale images of the retina. The proposed matched filter of Generalized Gamma distribution generates the MFR images. The postprocessing step extracts the thick vessels and thin retinal blood vessels using the optimal thresholding technique. The results obtained on DIRVE database average accuracy 95.00% and the STARE database 93.85%, respectively.
Deep Learning-Based Cryptanalysis of a Simplified AES Cipher
Authors: Grari Hicham , Zine-Dine Khalid , Zine-Dine Khalid , Azouaoui Ahmed , Lamzabi Siham
Published: April 2022

Recently, Deep Neural Networks have shown great deal of reliability and applicability as its applications spread in different areas. This paper proposes a cryptanalysis model based on Deep Neural Network, the neural network takes in plaintexts and their corresponding ciphertexts to predict the secret key of the cipher. We proposes two different approaches, in the first we use multi-layer perceptron (MLP). While in the second, the cryptanalysis problem is modeled as a multi-label classification problem, we introduce appropriate Deep Neural Network based methods for tackling such problem. We illustrate the effectiveness of the approach of the DNN-based cryptanalysis by attacking on Simplified AES block cipher. Therefore, specific metrics are readapted to the cryptanalysis context and used to evaluate the proposed schemes. The results indicate that treating cryptanalysis problem as multi-label classification is more suitable and can be a useful and promising tool for the cryptanalysis task.
Enterprise Architecture to Achieve Information Technology Flexibility and Enterprise Agility
Authors: Sukur Anita , Lind Mary L.
Published: April 2022

Although enterprise architecture (EA) is a topic of significant interest among scholars and practitioners, limited empirical research exists examining EA in the context of routinization, use of standards, information technology (IT) flexibility, and enterprise agility. Specifically, the study’s purpose was to explore the routinization of EA and develop a better understanding of how the use of EA standards impact IT flexibility and enterprise agility. The current study used a theoretical lens that combined competence-based theory and diffusion of innovation theory to study the topic of EA. The overarching research question was To what extent do organizational factors such as EA routinization and use of enterprise architecture standards, enabled through the adoption of EA, lead to increases in IT flexibility and enterprise agility?.. The analysis from this study supported the findings that the EA routinization and the use of the EA standards constructs influence IT efficiency, and in turn, IT efficiency influences enterprise agility.
Shade induces contrasting light photosynthetic performance between Signal and Guinea Grasses
Authors: Lima Diogo de Paula , Torre Felipe Della , Cordeiro Áurea Rodrigues , Scotti Maria Rita , França Marcel Giovanni Costa
Published: April 2022

Signal grass (Urochloa decumbens) and guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) are African grasses that are well established in the Brazilian Savannah and we tested their adaptation to different light intensity. Plants were grown for 45 days under 0% shade (full sun) and 25, 40, and 80% induced shade to evaluate their photosynthetic performance. Light curves showed higher values of electron transport rate, photochemical quenching, and effective quantum yield in plants subjected to 0 and 25% shade for signal grass and in 25 and 40% shade for guinea grass. The potential quantum yield evaluations revealed that signal grass felt the effects of excessive light around 11:30 am on plants subjected to 0 and 25% shade. Conversely, guinea grass showed these photoinhibition effects at the same shade level but in a longer time range (9:30 am to 1:30 pm). As shade increased, there was a reduction tendency of the pigment content in signal grass and the opposite was observed for guinea grass. Stomatal conductance showed different values during the day and among different shade levels and there were no differences in relative water content between treatments and species. Results indicated better photosynthetic performance for signal grass under high intensity and better photosynthetic performance for guinea grass subjected to intermediate and higher levels of shade. Altogether, the results indicate that guinea grass seems to be a more appropriate choice for silvopasture systems.
Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties of Chitosan-PLA Film Containing Cinnamon and Ginger Essential Oil for Milkfish Satay Packaging
Authors: Kanani Nufus , Rahmayetty Rahmayetty , Wardhono Endarto Yudho , Wardalia Wardalia
Published: March 2022

In this study the effect of Chitosan-PLA (CH-PLA) film enriching with cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and ginger essential oil (GEO) were analyzed to investigate the mechanical and antibacterial properties. Resulting were improved the tensile strength (TS) effect of CEO and GEO addition to CH-PLA film by decrease about 47.39% for CEO and 66.85% for GEO compared to the film without essential oil. Blending CEO and GEO into CH-PLA film can also increase with increasing essential oil. CEO and GEO oil can increase 2.95 and 2.9 of elongation percentage compared to the film without essential oil on 2%of essential oil. CH-PLA film containing additional of CEO and GEO had no important effect on the CH-PLA film thickness. The film thickness for each essential oil composition varied from 0.10 to 0.13 m, while CH-PLA film containing CEO and GEO decrease total weight loss and bacterial population of milkfish satay compared with uncoated and coated without EO milkfish satay.
Implementation of a Nurse-Driven Spontaneous Awakening Trial Protocol in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ketcham Scott W. , Adie Sarah K. , Brummel Kent , Walker Emily , Prescott Hallie C. , Thomas Michael P.
Published: April 2022

Background

In patients receiving mechanical ventilation, spontaneous awakening trials reduce morbidity and mortality when paired with spontaneous breathing trials. However, spontaneous awakening trials are not performed every day they are indicated and little is known about spontaneous awakening trial protocol use in cardiac intensive care units.

Local Problem

Spontaneous awakening trial completion rate at the study institution was low and no trial protocol was regularly used.

Methods

A preintervention-postintervention retrospective cohort study was performed in adult patients with at least 24 hours of invasive mechanical ventilation in Michigan Medicine’s cardiac intensive care unit. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were excluded. Data included demographics, sedation, mechanical ventilation duration, and in-hospital mortality. A nurse-driven spontaneous awakening trial protocol modified for the cardiac intensive care unit was implemented in October 2020.

Results

Compared with the preintervention cohort (n = 29, May through July 2020), the postintervention cohort (n = 27, October 2020 through February 2021) had a higher ratio of number of trials performed to number of days eligible for trial (0.91 vs 0.52; P < .01). Median continuous sedative infusion duration was shorter after intervention (2.3 vs 3.6 days; P = .02). Median mechanical ventilation duration (3.8 vs 4.7 days; P = .18) and mortality (41% vs 41%; P = .95) were similar between groups.

Conclusions

Spontaneous awakening trial protocol implementation led to a higher trial completion rate and a shorter duration of continuous sedative infusion. Larger studies are needed to assess the impact of protocolized spontaneous awakening trials on cardiac intensive care unit patient outcomes.
Association of postpartum depression with postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder in Korean mothers: a longitudinal survey
Authors: Cho Hyunjin , Koh Minseon , Yoo Hyeji , Ahn Sukhee
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the level of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and postpartum depression (PPD) in Korean mothers with healthy babies and to explore the factors related to postpartum PTSD. Method: This study used a longitudinal survey design to explore the levels and association of PPD and PTSD. Two hundred women were recruited during pregnancy and the data were collected via online survey from 166 mothers (84% retained) who gave birth to healthy babies, at two postpartum periods: Fear of childbirth was assessed at the 1st week; and spousal support, PPD, and postpartum PTSD were surveyed at the 4th week postpartum. Demographic, obstetric, and newborn-related characteristics were also collected. Results: The mean age of mothers was 33.12 (±3.97) years old. Postpartum PTSD was low (8.95±6.49) with 1.8% (n=3) at risk (≥19). PPD was also low (6.68±5.28) and 30.1% (n=50) were identified at risk (≥10). The comorbid rate of PPD with PTSD was 6%. Mothers who did not have a planned pregnancy had higher scores of PPD (t=2.78, p=.008), whereas spousal support and PPD had negative relationship (r=–.21, p=.006). PPD was the only variable that influenced postpartum PTSD (β=.76, t=13.76, p<.001). Conclusion: While only 1.8% was at risk of postpartum PTSD at 4 weeks postpartum, PPD prevalence was 30.1% and PPD was the only influential factor of postpartum PTSD. Assessment and counseling of PPD are required as well as screening for postpartum PTSD. More research is also needed on postpartum PTSD in Korean women.
Computational fluid dynamics simulation and optimisation of the threshing unit of buckwheat thresher for effective cleaning of the cleaning chamber
Authors: Hussain Saddam , Zheng Decong , Song Haiyan , Farid Muhammad Usman , Ghafoor Abdul , Ba Xinyi , Wang Hao , Wang Wenjun , Sher Alam , Alshamali Salah Jumaa
Published: April 2022

Since a combined harvester’s grain-cleaning method depends on the pneumatic separation of grain and chaff, the airflow’s aerodynamic forces significantly affect cleaning efficiency. Based on buckwheat’s theoretical and mechanical properties, a new threshing drum with cleaning key parts was developed to reduce the variability of cleaning efficiency of buckwheat community threshers caused by inefficient threshing and accumulation of residue within the threshing system. This cleaning arrangement includes two wind speed inlets, each composed of four thin pipes of the same length as the threshing drum. The computational fluid dynamics modelling approach simulated the threshing and cleaning performance at different wind velocities within the threshing unit. The results showed that when the two inlets work simultaneously and adopt different wind speeds, i.e., 12 m/s and 15 m/s, the wind speed is higher than the critical value of the floating rate buckwheat kernel. Under this condition, the wind speed inlet area was increased, and the flow field velocity between the threshing drum and the concave grid plate ranged from 3.8 m/s-8.3 m/s. The flow velocity below the plate ranged from 7 m/s-15 m/s, higher than the floating speed of buckwheat kernels, which was the best choice. Based on these simulation results, a centrifugal fan was designed, which meets the buckwheat thresher’s cleaning performance.
The St. Lawrence earthquake, February 28, 1925 (a final analysis of the data collected)
Authors: Hodgson E A
Published: April 2022

The St Lawrence earthquake occurred at 9h 19m 20s p.m., E.S.T., Saturday, February 28, 1925. The observational data obtained have been thoroughly studied at the Dominion Observatory. The paper presents a brief résumé of the various lines of
investigation which have been followed during the past two years. The reasons are outlined which seem to warrant the conclusion that the earthquake occurred on a fault crossing the St Lawrence near the mouth of Rivière Ouelle, of which fault that seaward side snapped upward at the time of the
shock, that landward side suffering a simultaneous, sudden, horizontal displacement toward the northeast.
Molecular detection of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) virus in hard ticks from South Khorasan, east of Iran
Authors: Jafari Amirsajad , Rasekh Mehdi , Saadati Dariush , Faghihi Faezeh , Fazlalipour Mehdi
Published: March 2022

Background & objectives: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a deadly viral infection reported from more than 30 countries. It is considered a zoonosis↱ and tick bites are the main route of transmission in nature. So far, the virus has been identified in 31 species of hard (Ixodidae) and soft (Argasidae) ticks. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of CCHF virus infection in hard ticks from South-Khorasan province, east of Iran.

Methods: In this study, 684 livestock including 302 sheep, 344 goats, 16 cows and 22 camels were sampled from Birjand, Qaen, Khusf, Darmian and Sarbisheh counties. Genus and species of the ticks were diagnosed under stereomicroscope according to valid morphological keys. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to detect the CCHF virus genome based on S segment in 100 ticks.

Results: RT-PCR detected CCHF virus genome in 7 out of 100 ticks. Positive ticks belonged to Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus genera. CCHF virus infected species were Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Hyalomma detritium and Hyalomma asiaticum. All the infected ticks were isolated from goat and sheep and were from Birjand county.

Interpretation & conclusion: Our results suggest that Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus may be the main vectors of CCHF virus in the study area.
Comparison of Oxygen Delivery Methods during Monitored Anaesthesia Care for Flexible Endoscopy Procedures
Authors: Agrawal Shivangi Harish , Khara Birva
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Endoscopic procedures are usually performed under monitored anaesthesia care. Hypoxia could occur due to the sedative effects of drugs used during flexible endoscopic procedures and sharing of airway between endoscopist and anaesthesiologist. Administration of oxygen could reduce the incidence of hypoxia.

Aims and Objectives:

We aimed to study whether delivery of oxygen through nasal prongs or through a T-piece without an after-burner connected to a nasopharyngeal airway could reduce the incidence of hypoxia during monitored anaesthesia care for flexible endoscopic procedures. While our primary objective was to compare the incidence of hypoxia (oxygen saturation [SpO2] < 90% lasting for at least 15 s), our secondary objectives were to compare the level of sedation and incidence of adverse events.

Patients and Methods:

Sixty six patients (33 in each group) aged between 18 and 80 years were randomly allocated to one of two groups to receive oxygen through nasal prongs or through a T-piece without an after-burner connected to a nasopharyngeal airway. Drug requirement, SpO2 and adverse events were monitored pre-procedure and every 5 min thereafter till the end of the procedure.

Results:

There was no statistically significant difference in the mean SpO2 (P > 0.05), but the incidence of hypoxia was less in patients receiving oxygen through nasal prongs as compared to patients receiving oxygen through a T-piece without an after-burner connected to a nasopharyngeal airway (P < 0.05). Adverse events were found to be comparable between two groups.

Conclusion:

During flexible endoscopy under monitored anaesthesia care, oxygen delivery through nasal prongs results in a lower incidence of hypoxia as compared to oxygen delivery through a T-piece without an after-burner connected to a nasopharyngeal airway.
Bilateral talon cusp in permanent maxillary lateral incisors
Authors: Mehta Vivek , Chowdhry Aman , Kapoor Priyanka
Published: March 2022

Talon cusp (TC) is an uncommon developmental anomaly resulting from the invagination of inner enamel epithelium cells. It is primarily seen in people of Asian descent. Maxillary lateral incisors are the teeth most commonly affected by this dental malformation. Early detection and management are pertinent to prevent complications that may be associated with the TC. We describe the successful diagnosis and management of a rare case of nonsyndromic bilateral TC in permanent maxillary lateral incisors with conservative therapy. Further, while discussing the case, we present a brief clinicopathological review on TC and also propose an “integrated classification of talon cusp (ICTC) to describe the morphological aspects as well as indicate the severity and difficulty in the management of cases. An early specific diagnosis along with multidisciplinary treatment approach is recommended for TC, especially to avoid pulpal complications in teeth.
Lip print patterns
Authors: Chandrakala J , Suganya G , Yadava T Satish , Doddawad Vidya , Nagarathna J , Kalavathi M
Published: March 2022

Background:

The wrinkles and grooves visible on the lips form the characteristic pattern of an individual and imprints produced is termed as “lip print.” The study of these prints is known as “cheiloscopy.” Variations in patterns among males and females could help in sex determination. Lip prints, therefore, can constitute material evidence left at a crime spot, equivalent to fingerprints. These patterns are heritable and are believed to be unique and permanent. The lip prints of parents and children and those of siblings have been shown to have some similarities. The influence of inherited lip print patterns among family members is still a new concept and studies are scanty in literature.

Objectives:

The objectives are to determine the most common patterns and gender-wise distribution among the study population and to analyze the inherited lip print patterns from parents to their offspring.

Materials and Methods:

Lip prints of 30 families were obtained using lipstick and cellophane tape. Based on criteria given by Suzuki and Tsuchihashi, patterns were recorded and analyzed from four quadrants of the lips using a magnifying lens.

Results:

The positive resemblance of lip print patterns from parents to their offsprings showed statistically significant resemblance in one quadrant and rest of the three quadrants showed no significant association between parents and offspring.

Conclusion:

Positive resemblance among the family members can be attributed to the genetics and inheritance. Lip print can be considered as an auxiliary method of identification.
Immunohistochemical study of epidermal growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu, p53, and Ki67 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mohanapure Neelam Sureshrao , Khandeparkar Siddhi Gaurish Sinai , Saragade Pradnya B. , Gogate Bageshri P. , Joshi Avinash R. , Mehta Sameera Rajendra
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor occurring in the oral cavity.

Aim:

The present study was conducted to evaluate the biomarkers such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), p53 and Ki67 expression in OSCC cases, and its correlation with other well-established clinicopathological parameters.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy cases of OSCC cases diagnosed between 2015 and 2019 were included in the study. A technique of manual tissue microarray was employed for the analysis of expression of IHC markers such as EGFR, HER2/neu, p53, and Ki67 in all cases. Results were subjected to the statistical analysis.

Results:

A statistically significant positive association was noted between EGFR expression and tumor grade, tumor stage, and p53 immunoexpression in OSCC cases. Increased EGFR expression was noted insignificantly in OSCC cases with lymph node (LN) metastasis and Ki67 positive cases. Statistically significant positive association was noted between HER2/neu expression and tumor grade and stage of oral SCC cases. Increased HER2/neu expression was noted insignificantly in OSCC cases with LN metastasis, p53 and Ki67 positive OSCC cases. A statistically significant positive association was noted between percent of tumor cells expressing EGFR, HER2/neu, p53 and Ki67, and grade of OSCC.

Conclusion:

This study intends to document prognostic utility of EGFR and HER2/neu expression in OSCC cases in the Indian setting and contribute to the data pool which could aid in formulating individual tailored therapy that includes targeted therapy in oral SCC cases.
Physical height and crown dimensions of primary teeth
Authors: Alasmari Fadwa Saeed , Ain Tasneem Sakinatul , Togoo Rafi Ahmad , Maalawi Ghadah Zayed , Almoghamer Alhanouf Delaim , Alalshikh Alhanouf Abdulwahab
Published: March 2022

Background:

Teeth morphometrics have been considered to be integral in identifying an individual as it is correlated with the body stature.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to determine the association between crown length and physical height of children and derive mathematical equations for the prediction of physical height from crown length of primary maxillary anterior teeth.

Setting and Design:

A dentomorphometric study was carried out among 100 Saudi Arabian children of 3–6 years of age. Maxillary arch impressions were taken for all participants. Clinical crown length and physical height were measured using digital Vernier Caliper and Physician Mechanical Beam Scale, respectively. Regression analysis, correlation analysis and unpaired t-test were performed for data analysis.

Results:

In female children, a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between primary maxillary right lateral incisor and primary maxillary left central incisor and height of the children, and highly significant association between primary maxillary left lateral incisor and height of the children was found. Whereas for male children, there was a significant moderate positive correlation between primary maxillary right central incisor, primary maxillary right canine and primary maxillary left central incisor with physical height of children.

Conclusions:

The research has established a significant positive correlation between the clinical crown length and the height of the children in combined sample for teeth numbers 51, 52, 53, 61 and 62. The study has derived the mathematical equations for the prediction of physical height from crown length of few maxillary anterior teeth, for both male and female children.

Clinical Significance:

The estimation of physical height from the tooth-crown dimensions can prove to be quite beneficial aid in forensic investigations as teeth are resistant to huge traumatic forces such as in case of mass disasters.
Anti-plaque efficacy of Hi-Ora mouthrinse and 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate in patients with chronic gingivitis
Authors: Mathew Melwin , Joyshree C , Ratan Velagapalli Jessie , Kartheek Votturu , Thirumalai S , Banothu Mohan Nayak
Published: March 2022

Background:

Chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate has remained the gold standard chemical plaque control agent till date, though, being associated with several disadvantages including its tendency to stain teeth and leading to irritation of soft tissues. To overcome these inherent disadvantages, there has been a surge of studies in the recent past to evaluate the efficacy of herbal mouthrinses as against CHX.

Objective:

The present study was planned to compare the anti-plaque efficacy of Hi-Ora mouthrinse as against 0.12% CHX in patients with chronic gingivitis.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was designed as a case–control study including 90 patients with chronic gingivitis who were divided into 3 groups including Group A in which 0.12% CHX was prescribed, Group B in which patients were prescribed Hi-Ora and Group C in which normal saline was prescribed after oral prophylaxis while the mean Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PI) scores were recorded on the 5th postprocedural day.

Results:

The mean GI score in CHX group was found to be 0.70 ± 0.25 as against 0.66 ± 0.16 in Hi-Ora and 1.59 ± 0.55 in normal saline groups. Similarly, the mean PI score in CHX group was found to be 0.80 ± 0.31 as against 0.77 ± 0.30 in Hi-Ora and 1.86 ± 0.61 in normal saline groups.

Conclusions:

The results of the present study suggested Hi-Ora to be more effective than 0.12% CHX in reducing the mean GI and PI scores among all the 3 groups.
Internal root resorption
Authors: Mandviwala Dilshad Kersi , Arora Ankit V , Kapoor Sonali Vinod , Shah Purnil Bhupendrakumar
Published: March 2022

Internal root resorption (IRR) is a specific type of pulp disease categorized by the loss of dentin as a consequence of the action of clastic cells stimulated by pulpal inflammation. It is one of the rare complications following a vital pulp therapy (VPT) procedure. Reported here is a case of IRR as a complication of VPT platelet-rich fibrin pulpotomy procedure in a mature permanent tooth. Diagnosed using cone-beam computed tomography and management of the resorptive defect using biodentin with a follow-up of 1 year.
Oral microbiome research – A Beginner's glossary
Authors: Deo Priya Nimish , Deshmukh Revati Shailesh
Published: March 2022

Oral microbiome plays a key role in the etiology of oral diseases and is linked to many diseases in other parts of the body as well. This makes the oral microbiome an area of interest for researchers globally. A meticulous planning of the research project is the first and most crucial step while conducting an oral microbiome study. For beginners in this field, it is essential to be familiar with the terminologies used in oral microbiome research for a better understanding. The purpose of this article is to familiarize new researchers to the frequently used terms for the field of oral microbiome research.
Prevalence and Correlates of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Patients with Epilepsy
Authors: Gandhi Shivang , Menon Preethi , Jagtap Biswajit L. , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel
Published: April 2022

Background:

People with epilepsy are more likely than the general population to have comorbid psychiatric disorders. There are several studies addressing the issue using various tools, but very few studies have been done on Indian population. Country-specific studies are necessary for proper and more accurate evaluation of psychiatric disorder in patients with epilepsy.

Aim:

To study the prevalence and correlates of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with epilepsy.

Materials and Methods:

This study was carried out in the Neurology Outpatient Department of a tertiary care hospital and research centre attached to a medical college, from September 2018 to September 2020. By purposive sampling, 140 patients diagnosed with epilepsy by neurologist and attending neurology outpatient department were included in the study with their consent. Equal number of age- and sex-matched subjects without physical or psychiatric morbidity were selected as controls. Patients and participants were assessed on sociodemographic questionnaire, MINI international neuropsychiatric interview, quality of life in epilepsy, Depression Anxiety Stress scale, and Big five inventory.

Results:

Significantly more patients with epilepsy (n = 64;45.71%) as compared to the control group (n = 45;32.14%) were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders (Chi-square = 5.423; P = 0.019). Depression was seen in 33.57% of people suffering from epilepsy. Anxiety was seen in 25.714% of cases compared to 14.28% among controls. Stress is present in 9.28% of patients with epilepsy. The quality of life is poor in patients with epilepsy in comparison with participants from the control group. Epilepsy was associated with significantly lower scores on extraversionand significantly higher neuroticism scores.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of psychiatric disorder is significantly more in patients with epilepsy in comparison with the general population. Epilepsy had a negative impact on quality of life of the subjects.
Endoscopic Treatment of Rhinogenic Contact Point Headache-Our Experiences at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Eastern India
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Agrawala Rohit
Published: March 2022

Background:

Headache is a universal clinical presentation in the course of everyone's life. In Rhinogenic contact point headache (RCPH), intranasal mucosal contact points are seen between the opposing mucosal surface of the nasal septum and turbinates of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.

Objective:

To study the details of endoscopic treatment of RCPH and its effectiveness to relieve headache.

Materials and Methods:

There were 68 patients of RCPH who participated in this prospective study. The mucosal contact points inside the nasal cavity were excised by the endoscopic approach under general anesthesia. The olfactory mucosal lining was protected from injury during this surgical process. P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:

Out of 68 patients with RCPH participated in this study with 38 (55.88%) males and 30 (44.11%) females with a male-to-female ratio of 1.26:1. All patients underwent endoscopic excision of the intranasal mucosal contact points. After 3 months of endoscopic excision of the intranasal mucosal contact points, the symptoms disappeared in 52 (76.47%) patients, and significantly improved in 13 (19.1%) patients. Only 3 (4.41%) patients did not show obvious improvement. Satisfactory results were archived by endonasal excision of the mucosal contact points in 65 (95.58%) patients with RCPH.

Conclusion:

RCPH is an important cause of headache. Endoscopic surgical excision of the intranasal mucosal contact points in patients of RCPH is useful to relieve headache effectively.
Association between Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring and the Duration of Thyroid Surgery
Authors: Marzouki Hani Z , Alasmari Ammar Ali , Alsallum Fahad Saad , Alzahrani Mohammad , Alharbi Majed , Zawawi Faisal , Alhozali Amani , Merdad Mazin , Samargandy Shaza
Published: March 2022

Background:

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is one of the serious complications of thyroid surgeries, which has been a topic of medicolegal concern. Although the course of the nerve can vary between patients, RLN visualization has been the gold standard method for identifying the nerve intraoperatively. However, over recent years, intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) has gained more acceptance and has been standardized and utilized, in addition to visual nerve identification, in many thyroids and parathyroid surgery centers. In this study, we aim to determine the association between the use of nerve integrity monitoring systems and the duration of thyroid surgery.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective chart review, conducted at hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We included all patients who underwent thyroid surgery during the period between 2014 and 2019, with no exclusion criteria. We studied variables including duration of surgery, preoperative assessment, diagnosis, surgical procedure, use of IONM, and comorbidities.

Results:

A total of 236 patients were included, of which 69 (29.2%) cases used IONM. The mean duration of all surgeries was 179.95 ± 96.9 min, whereas the mean duration of surgeries using IONM only was 214.39 min, compared to 165.72 min of surgeries without IONM, which reveals a statistically significant association between the use of nerve monitoring and an increase in the duration of surgery (P ≤0.002).

Conclusion:

IONM utilization in thyroid surgeries was associated with a longer duration of surgery. However, more studies are required to support this result.
Accuracy of different lens power calculation formulas in patients with phacomorphic glaucoma
Authors: Tabatabaei Seyed Ali , Samadi Melika , Soleimani Mohammad , Fonoodi Hosein , Ghods Sepideh , Inanloo Bahman
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE:

The purpose of the study was to determine the most accurate formula for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation among five currently used formulas in eyes with phacomorphic glaucoma (PG) undergoing cataract extraction surgery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this prospective interventional case series Patients diagnosed with PG were undergone uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. After 3 months, the refractive outcome for each formula was evaluated with mean prediction error (PE), mean absolute error (MAE), and the percentages of eyes within 0.25 D and 0.5 D of predicted error.

RESULTS:

Twenty-three patients completed the study. PEs were significantly different among the 5 formulas (P = 0.019), and Holladay I had the least error (−0.02 ± 1.11). Haigis formula had the highest hyperopic shift (0.37 ± 1.22), highest MAE (0.99 ± 0.78) and the lowest percentages of desired PEs, while the SRK II produced the greatest percentages. The overall differences in MAE between the 5 formulas were statistically insignificant (P = 0.547).

CONCLUSION:

In some extreme situations like patients with PG, lower generation of IOL power calculation formulas may still produce more acceptable refractive outcomes.
Sprache in Netzen
Authors: Lobin Henning
Published: March 2022

Die Vernetzung von Computern bewirkt die Entstehung eines Netzes aus Texten und, als Folge davon, sozialen Netzen von Nutzern dieser Texte als Schreibern und Lesern. Netzwerke sprachlicher Objekte gab und gibt es zwar auch ohne Digitalisierung und Vernetzung, jedoch weniger umfangreich und wesentlich schwerer, möglicherweise gar nicht in großer Menge analysierbar. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit den verschiedenen Typen sprachlicher Netzwerke: Textgeweben, Interaktionsnetzwerken und sozialen Netzwerken. Es werden zentrale Begrifflichkeiten der Netzwerkanalyse erläutert und anhand von Beispielen gezeigt, wie sprachliche Kommunikation auf der Grundlage der Methoden der Netzwerkanalyse aus einer anderen, neuen Perspektive betrachtet werden kann.
Pragmatic behaviour: pragmatism as a philosophy for behavioural economics
Authors: Garcés Pablo
Published: April 2022

Behavioral economics offers an account of actual human behavior. Contrasting with the conventional normative approach to rationality, rational choice theory, describes the deviations from optimal decision making. These are attributed to failures in two systems, one in charge of automatic behavior (System 1) and the other responsible for reflective one (System 2). As important as this is, an elaboration of the interaction between them seems to be lacking. Philosophical pragmatism can contribute to address this want. It provides an evolutionary explanation of how people act accounting for the continuity of behavior including habitual and reflective action. The former is captured by habits and the latter directed towards objects. Additionally, it proposes a dialogical self, consisting of an interaction between the 'I', denoting impulse, and the 'me', referring to reflective action. As such, pragmatism can provide fertile ground on which to cultivate behavioral insights.
Cytotoxic activity of Cantigi leaf extract (Vaccinium varingiaefolium Blume Miq.) on HeLa cervical cancer cells and A549 lung cancer cells
Authors: Kosasih Kosasih , Nurfitriyati Hasna , Hafidz Reza
Published: March 2022

Background: Cervical and lung cancer cases in 2018-2020 have increased worldwide and in Indonesia. Cancer treatment often involves multidisciplinary approaches and is uncomfortable. Therefore, alternative medicine from natural ingredients is needed. Previous studies showed that the Cantigi leaf ethyl acetate extract has cytotoxic activity categorised as very strong on L1210 leukaemia cells (IC50 of 8.29 ppm) and strong on MCF-7 cells (IC50 of 75.23 ppm) and T47D cells (IC50 of 88.89 ppm), but no reports exist on HeLa and A549 cells.

Objective: To determine the cytotoxic activity of the ethyl acetate extract of Cantigi leaf on HeLa cells and A549 cells. Methods: Powdered dry young Cantigi leaves were macerated with hexane, then ethyl acetate. After vacuum evaporation, the dry extract was characterised and tested for its cytotoxic activity on HeLa cells and A549 cells using the MTT method.

Results: The ethyl acetate extract colour was dark green with a distinctive Cantigi odour; it had a water content of 4.3% and an acidic pH of 2.87. It showed functional groups of O-H, C-H (aliphatic), C-H (hydrocarbon), C=N, C=O, and C=C. Finally, the IC50 of the ethyl acetate extract on A549 cells was 74.74±5.29 ppm, while on the HeLa cells, it was 79.69±2.54 ppm.

Conclusion: The ethyl acetate extract of Cantigi leaves showed potent in vitro cytotoxic activity on HeLa cervical cancer cells and A549 lung cancer cells.
In vitro anti-ageing activity of ethanol extract of Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium Blume Miq.) leaf and the extract loaded gelatin nanoparticles
Authors: Kosasih Kosasih , Redja I Wayan , Farida Yunahara
Published: March 2022

Background: Empirically, Cantigi leaves (Vaccinium varingiaefolium Blume Miq.) have been used for beauty and health, but their activity has not been studied much.    
Objective: To produce an ethanolic extract of Cantigi leaves, nanoparticles of the ethanolic extract and to compare their antioxidant, anticollagenase, and antityrosinase activities.    
Methods: Dry powders of young Cantigi leaves were macerated gradually with hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Dried extracts were evaluated for specific and non-specific parameters, made into nanoparticles by desolvation using gelatin as polymer and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker, and then characterized. Antioxidant, anticollagenase, and antityrosinase activities of the extracts and nanoparticles (IC50) were measured and compared.    
Results: The ethanol extract of Cantigi leaves met specific and non-specific parameters. Nanoparticle: particle size of 307.90+2.54 nm, polydispersity index of 0.271+0.01, zeta potential 12.80+0.44 mV, entrapment efficiency of 43.29±3.97%, and spherical. IC50 of anticollagenase, antioxidant, and antityrosinase for extracts 104.18±0.33, 18.87±0.36, 196.88±20.28 ppm; and for nanoparticles 124.40±0.39, 30.14±0.33, and 53.55±27.07 ppm, respectively.    
Conclusion: In general, the nanoparticle activity was lower than the extract activity except for the antityrosinase activity. The slow release of the extract from the nanoparticles is thought to be the cause of the decrease in activity.
Prescription of medicine for outpatients of gynaecology obstetric poly at a private hospital in Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Apriyanto Didik , Setiawati Maria Caecilia Nanny
Published: March 2022

Background: Rational use of drugs means that patients get the right drug, in the right amount, at the right time, and at the lowest price. The World Health Organizaiton (WHO) issued a guide of the main indicators for the rationale assessment of drug use. These indicators are used as the first line in the assessment of drug use. Prescribing indicators are used to see patterns of drug use and can directly describe inappropriate drug use. This is known as the WHO criteria indicator.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine drug prescribing for obsteric gynaecology (OB/GYN) poly outpatients at a private hospital in Semarang in accordance with hospital formulary and pharmacy availability.        
Methods: For this purpose, a descriptive and quantitative survey was conducted. The sample included 251 patients from January 2020. The data were collected retrospectively from the pharmacy's prescriptions.
Results: The average number of drugs prescribed per visit was 2.45. Antibiotics were prescribed in 5.2% of encounters and injections in 0.2 %. 5.7% of drugs prescribed were generic, and 2.8% were from the hospital's formulary. The Pharmacy Installation had 79.6% drug availability. Mineral multivitamins (51.5%), hormonal drugs (20.9%), and antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed drugs (5.2%).
Conclusion: On the basis of the finding of this study, this OB/GYN Hospital still needs to improve the appropriateness with WHO criteria so that the drugs prescribed were rational and can be available.