bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of neuronal-enriched extracellular vesicle miR-93 and interoception in major depressive disorder
Authors: Burrows Kaiping , Figueroa-Hall Leandra , Stewart Jennifer , Alarbi Ahlam , Kuplicki Rayus , Hannafon Bethany , Tan Chibing , Risbrough Victoria , McKinney Brett , Ramesh Rajagopal , Victor Teresa , Aupperle Robin , Savitz Jonathan , Teague Kent , Khalsa Sahib , Paulus Martin
Published: June 2023

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with interoceptive processing dysfunctions, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are poorly understood. This study combined brain Neuronal-Enriched Extracellular Vesicle (NEEV) technology and serum markers of inflammation and metabolism with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to identify the contribution of gene regulatory pathways, in particular micro-RNA (miR) 93, to interoceptive dysfunction in MDD. Individuals with MDD (n = 44) and healthy comparisons (HC; n = 35) provided blood samples and completed an interoceptive attention task during fMRI. EVs were separated from plasma using a precipitation method. NEEVs were enriched by magnetic streptavidin bead immunocapture utilizing a neural adhesion marker (CD171) biotinylated antibody. NEEV specificities were confirmed by flow cytometry, western blot, particle size analyzer, and transmission electron microscopy. NEEV small RNAs were purified and sequenced. Results showed that: (1) MDD exhibited lower NEEV miR-93 expression than HC; (2) within MDD but not HC, those individuals with the lowest NEEV miR-93 expression had the highest serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor, and leptin; and (3) within HC but not MDD, those participants with the highest miR-93 expression showed the strongest bilateral dorsal mid-insula activation. Since miR-93 is regulated by stress and affects epigenetic modulation by chromatin re-organization, these results suggest that healthy individuals but not MDD participants show an adaptive epigenetic regulation of insular function during interoceptive processing. Future investigations will need to delineate how specific internal and external environmental conditions contribute to miR-93 expression in MDD and what molecular mechanisms alter brain responsivity to body-relevant signals.
Cannabis use and perceptions among Canadians with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Sanam , Loh Eldon , Agudelo Alexandria Roa , Lawson Arden , Kassem Daad , Allison David
Published: June 2023

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted based on an online survey among Canadian adults with any level or severity of SCI
Objectives: To understand aspects of cannabis use and perceptions among Canadians with spinal cord injury and describe the self-reported reasons and side effects of cannabis use.
Setting: Parkwood Institute at St Joseph’s Health Care London, the Power Cord SCI rehabilitation program at Brock University.
Methods: Participants were asked to complete a survey.
Results: 136 individuals were screened for participation, and 80 participants were enrolled. Of these participants, the majority (n=41 [51.2%]), indicated that they had tried cannabis in their lifetime, while 30 (37.5%) were current users. There was a non-significant increase (p=0.13) in cannabis use from pre (n=26, 32.5%) to post-injury (n=34, 42.5%). The most common reason for post-injury use was reducing pain (36.3%) and improving sleep (30%). Participants reported cannabis being moderately effective for both pain reduction and sleep improvement. Side effects were relatively mild and uncommon with the most frequently reported being fatigue both pre (7.5%) and post (11.3%) injury. Smoking was the most popular method of using cannabis before the injury (27.5%), while the preferred method after the injury was consuming edibles (26.3%).
Conclusions: Most participants who used cannabis before their injury continued using it after their injury. Participants reported recreational use before the injury, but they endorsed using cannabis to manage pain and medical conditions after injury and suggested that healthcare professionals should be aware of these findings. Additional research in this field is needed.
Uptake, Efflux, and Sequestration of Hg in the Asian Clam, Corbicula fluminea, at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations, and the Implications for Hg Remediation
Authors: Geeza Thomas Jeremy , Stevenson Louise Mote , Mathews Teresa Joan
Published: June 2023

Mercury is a persistent, ubiquitous contaminant that readily biomagnifies into higher trophic level species in aquatic environments across the globe. To better understand the bioaccumulation kinetics of aqueous Hg exposure in the invasive Asian Clam, Corbicula fluminea, a tank study was conducted at 3 treatment levels (20, 100, and 200 ng/L). These concentrations are lower than previous Hg uptake studies in clams, but more relevant to actual stream conditions. They represent the range of values commonly measured on several streams with legacy Hg contamination from past industrial operations, having undergone some remediation efforts to reduce Hg discharges. A biokinetic model, the first parameterized for Hg uptake in freshwater clams, was developed to describe uptake and efflux parameter and compared to previous parameter values estimated for other mollusk species. A decay model was used to account for rapid changes in concentration in the tanks due to Hg sorption to the container sides, a common issue in Hg empirical, lab-based studies. Results demonstrated that even at low Hg concentrations, Corbicula record signals of contamination through bioaccumulation, and both direct measurement and biokinetic models demonstrate large Hg bioaccumulation factors (as high as 1.34x105 mL/g dry tissue), similar to partitioning coefficients seen in engineered Hg sorbents.
The coupling of neuron-astrocyte lipid metabolism induced by neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain damage is ApoE dependent
Authors: hongyan chen , Shaozhi Zhao , Qiang Jian , Yinfang Yan , Simin Wang , Xinwen Zhang , Yuqiang Ji
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate whether neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain damage induces lipid metabolism coupling between neurons and astrocytes and whether this mechanism is affected by ApoE isoforms. A neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischaemic brain damage was established. Excessive accumulation of lipid droplets and upregulation of ApoE expression occurred in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex after ischaemia and hypoxia. In this glucose and oxygen deprivation (OGD) model of ApoE−/− primary neurons, compared with the addition of human recombinant ApoE2 and ApoE3 proteins, the ApoE4 protein significantly reduced neuronal cell viability and the efficiency of lipid transport from neurons to astrocytes after OGD. Notably, the ApoE mimic peptide COG133 could compensate for the harmful effects of ApoE4. In conclusion, lipid metabolism coupling between neurons and astrocytes occurs and is the key to protecting neurons from stress injury after hypoxia-ischaemia; however, ApoE4, as a negative factor, plays a detrimental role in regulating the fatty acid metabolism of neurons and astrocytes and may be a potential target for the clinical treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.
Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 controls integrin-dependent cancer cell stemness and metastasis
Authors: Liu Kun , Gao Qiong , Jia Yuzhi , Wei Juncheng , Chaudhuri Shuvam , Wang Shengnan , Tang Amy , Mani Nikita , Iyer Radhika , Cheng Yang , Gao Beixue , Lu Weiyuan , Sun Zhaolin , Liu Huiping , Fang Deyu
Published: June 2023

Integrins plays critical roles in connecting the extracellular matrix and actin skeleton for cell adhesion, migration, signal transduction, and gene transcription, which upregulation is involved in cancer stemness and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying how integrins are upregulated in cancer stem cells (CSCs) remain as a biomedical mystery. Herein, we show that the death from cancer signature gene USP22 is essential to maintain the stemness of breast cancer cells through promoting the transcription of a group of integrin family members in particular integrin β1 (ITGB1). Both genetic and pharmacological USP22 inhibition largely impaired breast cancer stem cell self-renewal and prevented their metastasis. Integrin β1 reconstitution partially rescued USP22-null breast cancer stemness and their metastasis. At the molecular level, USP22 functions as a bona fide deubiquitinase to protect the proteasomal degradation of the forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), a transcription factor for tumoral ITGB1 gene transcription. Importantly unbiased analysis of the TCGA database revealed a strong positive correlation between the death from cancer signature gene ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22) and ITGB1, both of which are critical for cancer stemness, in more than 90% of human cancer types, implying that USP22 functions as a key factor to maintain stemness for a broad spectrum of human cancer types possibly through regulating ITGB1. To support this notion, immunohistochemistry staining detected a positive correlation among USP22, FoxM1 and integrin β1 in human breast cancers. Collectively, our study identifies the USP22-FoxM1-integrin β1 signaling axis critical for cancer stemness and offers a potential target for antitumor therapy.
Analysis of the influence of online emotional comments on product sales based on multiple regression model
Authors: Guo Kaiqiang , Cao Li
Published: June 2023

Based on Sentiment analysis and Empirical analysis, this research studies the impact that online reviews have on product sales in the context of movie industry. Firstly, finding the feature words of movie; secondly, using fuzzy statistics to identify the emotional intensity of evaluation words, and calculating the value of feature evaluation; finally, developing the multivariate regression model to analyze the impact of online reviews on product sales by importing the value of feature evaluation. The results show that reviews number, value of story evaluation, and value of act evaluation has significant influence on the box office revenue (product sales), furthermore, the model with value of feature evaluation have better goodness-of-fit than the model with reviews rating, confirming the sentiment analysis of online reviews has great practical implications.
Absence of female preference and the origin of a unisexual species, the Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa)
Authors: Smith Caden , de Filho Waldir Miron Berbel , Spikes Montrai , Fyon Frederic , Ubeda Francisco , Schlupp Ingo
Published: June 2023

The role of hybridization as a formative process in evolution has received much attention in the past few decades. A particularly fascinating outcome of hybrid speciation is the formation of asexual hybrid species. This is the case in the Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa). It is of hybrid origin and had a P. mexicana female as mother and a P. latipinna male as father. This implies that at the beginning of the existence of Amazon mollies, a heterospecific mating must have occurred, indicating a breakdown of any potential prezygotic isolation between parental species. We studied the female mate choice behavior with present day P. mexicana and P. latipinna from several populations using standard binary choice tests. Overall, our results show that in extant P. mexicana and P. latipinna no female choice for conspecific males was detectable. Consequently, heterospecific matings are possible, even likely, and not hindered by any apparent behavioral prezygotic isolation. If female preferences in these species were comparable around the time the Amazon molly originated as a hybrid species ca. 100.000 years ago, matings leading to hybrids would be very likely. Furthermore, for the first time we tested the mating preferences of F1 hybrid females and found that they also have no discernable mating preferences, potentially leading to F2 individuals and/or backcrosses.
Screening and Identification of key biomarkers associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and depression using bioinformatics
Authors: Wang Ziyue , Yang Hao , Han Yu , Teng Jing , Kong Xinru , Qi Xianghua
Published: June 2023

Objective
This study aims to identify common molecular biomarkers between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and depression using bioinformatics methods, in order to provide potential targets and new ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
Methods
Microarray datasets GSE139384, GSE35978, and GSE87610 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ALS and depression were identified. After screening for overlapping DEGs, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software, and hub genes were identified. Finally, a network between miRNAs and hub genes was constructed using the NetworkAnalyst tool, and possible key miRNAs were predicted.
Results
A total of 357 genes have been identified as common DEGs between ALS and depression. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the 357 DEGs showed that they were mainly involved in cytoplasmic translation. Further analysis of the PPI network using Cytoscape and MCODE plugins identified 6 hub genes, including MRPS12, PARP1, SNRNP200, PCBP1, SGSM1, and DNMT1. Five possible target miRNAs, including miR-221-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-30b-5p, and miR-615-3p, were predicted by constructing a miRNA-gene network.
Conclusion
This study used bioinformatics techniques to explore the potential association between ALS and depression, and identified potential biomarkers. These biomarkers may provide new ideas and methods for the early diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of ALS and depression.
Level of noise-induced hearing loss and associated factors among workers in Bishoftu central air base of Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Ashenafi , Zeleke Birhanu , Ermias Zeberihe , Fasil Kenea , Dula Sara , Wakuma Samson , mekonen Seblework , Tucho Gudina Terefe , Afata Tariku Neme
Published: June 2023

Background
Excessive occupational exposure to noise results in occupational hearing loss was considered a major public health problem. Since the expansion of the aviation industry and its exposure to the intensity of noise level was simultaneously high.
Objective
This study aims to assess the level of noise-induced hearing loss and associated factors among workers in the Bishoftu central air base in Ethiopia.
Methods
Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 central air base workers through face-to-face interviews; an environment noise survey with an audiometric test had been conducted to collect data. Data were entered by Epidata version 3.1 and SPSS was used to analyze the data. Finally, a statistical analysis such as descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis was applied. A P-value < 0.05 at 95%CI was considered statistically significant.
Result
The overall prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss and hearing impairments were 24.6 and 30.9%, respectively. From this, 16.9% bilateral and 7.7% unilateral noise-induced hearing loss. The highest prevalence noise level was recorded for workers who were exposed to noise levels greater than 90 dBA. Around 21.9% were males with an age category between 18 to 27 years were exposed to noise-induced hearing loss. Similarly, the lowest experience was between 1 to 10 years of exposure to noise-induced hearing loss by 16.9% with working department transport helicopter (4.7%), transport airplane (4.7%), and daily maintenance (3.5%). Those participants who were exposed to noise-induced levels at work place previously were five times (AOR = 5.0, 95% CI: 1.74–14.36) more likely exposed to the sound noise level at the workplace than those workers not exposed at work place previously. Those workers who were exposed to greater or equal to 90dBA noise level were 4.98 times (AOR = 4.98, 95% CI: 2.59–9.58) more likely exposed to noise-induced levels than those who were exposed to less than 90dBA noise level. Moreover, male air base workers were 3.5 times more likely exposed to hearing impairment than female workers (AOR = 3.5, 95%CI 1.01–12.0) and participants who have abnormal otologic examinations were 1.9 times more likely exposed to hearing impairment than those who have normal otologic examinations (AOR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.02–3.54).
Conclusion
Workers were exposed to high levels of occupational noise that could induce immediate hearing loss. The prevalence of hearing loss was significantly high.
Prevalence and Determinants of Stunting Risk Factors among Children Under Five Years Old: An Analysis of the Indonesian Secondary Database
Authors: Nurdin Asrawati , Masrul Masrul , Gusnedi Gusnedi , Umar Hermita Bus , Purnakarya Idral , Syafrawati Syafrawati , Andrafikar Andrafikar , Novianti Novianti , Susilowati Andi , Nindrea Ricvan Dana , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty
Published: June 2023

Background Stunting among children under five remains a global health problem. Indonesia is no exception, as its stunting reduction rate has not yet reached the expected target. Regencies/cities in the West Sumatra province in Indonesia still show a stark disparity of achievement following the implementation of their various stunting prevention policies and programs.Methods Cross-sectional study based on 2018 Riskesdas and 2021 SSGI. Nineteen regencies/cities in West Sumatra province. Families with children under five years involved 3,380 subjects from the 2018 Riskesdas and 4,662 subjects from the 2021 SSGI.Results The results showed that the stunting prevalence decreased from 31.2% in 2018 to 23.3% in 2021. Stunting risk factors include male gender, low birth weight, mothers over 35 years, upper respiratory tract infection, lack of vitamin A consumption, and parents’ low education. The rate of stunting reduction varies significantly between cities or regencies in the West Sumatra province due to non-exclusive breastfeeding, lack of growth monitoring, poor water quality, and working mothers.Conclusions Most stunting occurs before the age of two. Stunting is significantly influenced by various infectious diseases, dietary intake, and parents' socioeconomic status. The related city/regency governments should develop intervention strategies and specific programs to reach the expected target.
Genome-wide identification of GATA transcription factor family and the effect of different light quality on the accumulation of terpenoid indole alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla
Authors: Shao Yingying , Zhou Yu , Yang Li , DeTian Mu , W Wilson Iain , Zhang Yao , Zhu Lina , Liu Xinghui , Luo Ling , He Jialong , Qiu Deyou , Tang Qi
Published: June 2023

Uncaria rhynchophylla is an evergreen vine plant, belonging to the Rubiaceae family, that is rich in terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) that have therapeutic effects on hypertension and Alzheimer's disease. GATA transcription factors (TF) are a class of transcription regulators that participate in the light response regulation, chlorophyll synthesis, and metabolism, with the capability to bind to GATA cis-acting elements in the promoter region of target genes. Currently the GATA TF family in U. rhynchophylla has not been investigated. In this study, 25 UrGATA genes belonging to four subgroups were identified based on genome-wide analysis. Intraspecific collinearity analysis revealed that only segmental duplications were identified among the UrGATA gene family. Collinearity analysis of GATA genes between U. rhynchophylla and four representative plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Coffea Canephora, and Catharanthus roseus was also performed. U. rhynchophylla seedlings grown in either red lights or under reduced light intensity had altered TIA content after 21 days. Gene expression analysis reveal a complex pattern of expression from the 25 UrGATA genes as well as a number of key TIA enzyme genes. UrGATA7 and UrGATA8 were found to have similar expression profiles to key enzyme TIA genes in response to altered light treatments, implying that they may be involved in the regulation TIA content.
FSRD:Few-shot fuzzy rumor detection system with stance-enhanced prompt learning
Authors: Li Hao , Yang Wu , Wang Huanran , Wang Wei
Published: June 2023

Rumor detection is a classification task that uses information including the content of a rumor, the comments surrounding it, and information about the users involved. In existing social networks, rumors are usually emergent and often about unknown events, leading researchers to consider tasks in low-resource situations, including early rumor detection and unknown rumor detection. Existing approaches require constructing rumor representations based on the entire propagation cycle of rumors or specific features of current events. They can lead to models that are too dependent on existing data features and lack generality in low-resource situations and are not suitable for real-world environments that are constantly changing.
This paper proposes prompt-learning based on few-shot and zero-shot rumor fuzzy detection systems FSRD. These two types of methods can detect rumors in a variety of low-resource scenarios (e.g., early rumor detection, unknown rumor detection) using only a small amount of source rumors with the help of better explainable prompt templates, without waiting for rumors to spread to obtain more features.
On several standard rumor detection datasets, FSRD outperforms various other detection methods for few-shot scenarios, and achieves competitive results on zero-shot tasks as well.
Inhibitory Control Training Improves Cold but Not Warm Cognition
Authors: Nejati Vahid , Ghotbi Ladan , Raskin Sarah
Published: June 2023

Inhibitory control, as a fundamental executive function, has been found to be associated with a range of cognitive processes. In this study, our objective was to enhance inhibitory control through a targeted training program and assess its impact on delay discounting and risky decision making. Thirty-two typically-developing children (age mean 6.89±0.32 years) were recruited in a random clinical trial design in two equal intervention and active control groups. Go/No-Go, Flanker, continuous performance, delay discounting, and balloon analogue risk tasks were used for assessment in three baseline, post- intervention, and 1-months follow-up sessions. The intervention group received the program for attentive rehabilitation of inhibition and selective attention (PARISA) and the active control group participated in a story telling class, both in 12 sessions. The results of the study indicate significant improvements in sustained attention, interference control, and prepotent inhibition among participants in the intervention group. However, there were no significant changes observed in delay discounting and risky decision making. These findings suggest that the inhibitory control training primarily enhances aspects of cold cognition and attentional processes. However, the observed improvements did not extend to reward processing or warm cognition.
Intraspecific variability in cold hardiness of Taurus Cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) in Türkiye
Authors: İmal Bora , Semerci Akkın , Gonzalez-Benecke Carlos A.
Published: June 2023

To better guide Cedrus libani provenances movement to northerly and higher altitudes sites for afforestation, the limits of hardiness to cold should be better known. In this study, we quantified the cold hardiness of seven C. libani provenances sampled from a provenance trial in Ankara, Türkiye, a site located outside the natural range of distribution of the species. Visual damage observation and chlorophyll fluorometry screening methods were used to assess variation in cold hardiness (LT50, the temperature estimated at which 50% of the needle tissue is damaged) among populations. Overall, C. libani can tolerate winter temperatures up to -21°C. Even though there were significant differences in cold hardiness among populations, the maximum difference was only 1.9°C between the most and the least cold-resistant provenances. Cold tolerance was generally greater for provenances that experienced colder temperatures in March and lower levels of total precipitation in their native ranges. We also conclude that the fluorometry method provides a more efficient and stable comparison of cold hardiness than visual observation for C. libani. The results of this study may be useful for assisted migration and breeding programs, as well as for developing guidelines for genetic materials transfer, to increase productivity or adaptability of C. libani.
The Roles of Plant-derived Nanovesicles in Malignant Tumours: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wang Dandan , Mei Zifan , Zhao Tingting , Tian Hao , Peng Zaihui , Kang Xia , Zhang Yi , Qi Xiaowei
Published: June 2023

Malignant tumours remain one of the most intractable health problems worldwide. Recently, plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have been used as an emerging tool in the treatment of malignant tumours due to their high biosafety. This paper presents a systematic review of the research progress of PDEVs in malignant tumours based on bibliometric analysis. In this review, the research on PDEVs in malignant tumours was identified and analyzed through various countries/institutions, authors, references and research hotspots. In addition, the different biological functions and applications of PDNVs from different sources in malignant tumours by themselves or as carriers were summarized. Finally, the application prospect of PDEVs in malignant tumours is prospected. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research progress of the role of PDEVs in malignant tumours, and to provide new ideas and clues for overcoming the difficulties of tumour treatment.
The Relationship between Blood Vitamin A Levels and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Choi Yu-Jin , Kwon Jin-Woo , Jee Donghyun
Published: June 2023

We assessed the relationship between blood vitamin A levels and the risk of diabetic retinopathy. The study was taken for 11,727 participants aged 40 or older who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Vitamin A in the blood was classified into quartiles. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed by the Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study. After adjusting confounding variables such as age, sex, smoking, cholesterol, diabetes prevalence period, glycated hemoglobin levels, and high blood pressure, the odd ratio (OR) of vitamin A at quartile level 4 for diabetic retinopathy was 0.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14 – 0.72, P for trend < 0.001). In male, the OR of quartile 3 level vitamin A for diabetic retinopathy was 0.11 (95% CI, 0.01 – 0.69, P for trend = 0.010). In adults under the age of 60, the OR of vitamin A at quartile level 3 for diabetic retinopathy was 0.10. (95% CI, 0.03 – 0.29, P for trend < 0.001). Vitamin A is associated with a low risk of diabetic retinopathy. Particularly, there is a more effective relationship in male and adults under the age of 60.
Heat stress in South America over the last four decades: a bioclimatic analysis
Authors: Miranda Vitor F. V. V. , Santos Djacinto Monteiro dos , Peres Leonardo F. , Salvador Coral , Nieto Raquel , Müller Gabriela V. , Thielen Dirk , Libonati Renata
Published: June 2023

The observed continuous rise in the frequency of extreme heat events in South America (SA) poses a serious challenge for public health. However, there is a lack on the understanding of the large-scale and long-term variability and trends of thermal stress in this continent. Accordingly, here we developed the first comprehensive bioclimatology of thermal stress over SA during the past four decades. Consecutive heat stress hours were analyzed using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) from ERA5-HEAT reanalysis according to the Köppen–Geiger climate classification and also focusing on the 31 most populated cities of SA. Results show an inland/coastline contrast and a marked latitudinal northward increase in the number of hours under heat stress. Heat stress hotspots are located mostly around the Amazon, northern and central parts of SA with 26–35% of the hours between 1979 and 2020 under strong heat stress. The annual number of hours within heat stress increased significantly between 1979 and 2020, varying from + 1.16 hour/year to + 8.25 hour/year depending on the Köppen–Geiger class. The past 20 years (2000 forward) presented not only more consecutive hours under heat stress than the previous two decades in all the analyzed cities, but also a higher persistence of such extremes. The bioclimatology of thermal stress developed here may provide important guidelines to decision-makers for exploring adaptation strategies to increase societal resilience.
Tae-miR397 negatively regulates wheat resistance to Blumeria graminis
Authors: Guan Yuanyuan , Wei Zhiyuan , Zhou Luyi , Wang Kaige , Zhang Meng , Song Puwen , Hu Ping , Hu Haiyan , Li Chengwei
Published: June 2023

MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a crucial role in the interaction of plant-pathogen, which figures out that exploring more disease-associated miRNAs would aid in our understanding plant disease pathogenesis. However, the role of miRNA in wheat resistance is still largely unknown. In this study, we overexpressed tae-miR397 in wheat to investigate its function in wheat resistance to powdery mildew. The expression pattern analysis revealed that tae-miR397 expression was higher in young leaves than in other tissues, which was significantly decreased in wheat plants after Blumeria graminis (Bgt) infection and chitin treatment. Additionally, the expression of tae-miR397 was significantly down-regulated by salicylic acid and induced under jasmonate treatment. Overexpression of tae-miR397 enhanced wheat sensitivity to powdery mildew. The rate of Bgt spore germination and mycelial growth on transgenic wheat plants overexpressing tae-miR397 was faster than that on untransformed wild type plants. The target gene of tae-miR397 was predicted to be a wound-induced protein (WIP), and its function was investigated. We demonstrated that silencing WIP via barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing enhanced wheat susceptibility to powdery mildew. Furthermore, we found that tae-miR397 regulated wheat immunity by controlling pathogenesis-related gene expressions. Moreover, transgenic plants overexpressing tae-miR397 exhibited more tillers than wild type plants. These results reveal that tae-miR397 is a negative regulator of resistance against powdery mildew and highlight the role of tae-miR397 in positively regulating the tiller number.
Mapping of the recommended and optimal orthodontic implantation sites in the palate by cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Zhu Zhengxian , Zhong Lin , Zhao Yicheng , Wang Xiaoting , Qian Wenhao , Ye Niansong
Published: June 2023

Objective
To measure the palatal thickness of soft tissues and the density of cortical bones to determine safe regions for the placement of orthodontic mini-implants and to examine the influence of sex and age on soft-tissue thickness and cortical bone density.
Materials and Methods
Cone-beam computed tomography images of 42 patients (22 males, 20 females), including 21 adults and 21 adolescents, were examined for this study. The palatal soft-tissue thickness and cortical bone density were measured at the coronal planes between the premolars (P4-5), between the second premolars and first molars (P5-6), and between the first molars and second molars (P6-7).
Results
Cortical bone density was greatest at P4-5, followed by and P5-6, P6-7 while the thickness of soft tissue was similar among the three planes. Cortical bone density decreased from anterior to posterior and from lateral to median. Soft tissue thickness increased from the median to the lateral and was similar anterior to the posterior. Palatal thickness and cortical bone density are influenced by sex, age, and their interactions. The recommended and optimal sites for palatal orthodontic mini-implants were then mapped.
Conclusions
Depending on soft tissue thickness and bone density, the preferred implant site tends to be more anterior and closer to the midpalatal suture region. Due to the diversity of palatal morphology among individuals, preferably with cone-beam CT.
Study of Hybrid Hydrogel Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol with Respect to Tailoring of the Internal Structure by Lecithin
Authors: Zhurauliova Darya , Smilek Jiri , Trudicova Monika , Pekar Miloslav
Published: June 2023

The presented paper is focused on preparation and subsequent characterization of structural and transport properties of hydrogels with double-network concerning their application potential. Hybrid hydrogels were prepared as a combination of synthetic polymer and natural polysaccharide, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA), where mass ratio of those polymers was 1:1. In the preparation of the gel’s hybrid network a freeze-thawing cycle technique for physical cross-linking of PVA was used, also calcium ions were used for ionic cross-linking of sodium alginate. Lecithin as a modification of the internal structure of hybrid hydrogels was also used in gel’s system preparation. Physicochemical methods were used to characterise their viscoelastic, swelling and transport properties. Rheology measurements, specifically oscillation and amplitude tests, were used to study these mechanical properties. Morphology of the prepared hybrid hydrogels was confirmed by electron microscope scanning. Transport and release properties of gel systems were determined by diffusion experiments with the UV-VIS spectrometry detection method, in which an organic dye (methylene blue) was used as a model probe.
Design of n to 2n quantum reversible decoder using Modified Toffoli gate
Authors: Biswas Sujit , Goswami Rajat Subhra
Published: June 2023

Decoder is a combinational logic circuit; it changes a code into a collection of signals. Decoder is incredibly important circuit employed in combinational logic. Reversible logic may be a new research area due to its reduction in power dissipation and lots of researchers proposed differing types of approaches to construct a quantum reversible decoder. In this paper we tried to design n to 2n reversible decoder using modified TOFFOLI reversible logic gates. We proposed 1 to 21, 2 to 22 and 3 to 23, 4 to 24 and 5 to 25 reversible decoder and analyzed its lead in respect of quantum cost and garbage output. We tried to propose an algorithm that helps to design n to 2n reversible decoder. All circuit of the decoder are tested by using IBM Quantum Experience circuit composer.
Integrated proteogenomic and metabolomic characterization of papillary thyroid cancer with different recurrence risks
Authors: Qu Ning , Chen Di , Ma Ben , Zhang Lijun , Wang Yuting , Wang Hongping , Ni Zhaoxian , Wang Wen , Liao Tian , Xiang Jun , Wang Yu-Long , Jin Shi , Xue Dixin , Wu Weili , Wang Yu , Ji Qing-Hai , He Hui , Shi Rong-Liang , Piao Hai-long
Published: June 2023

Although papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has a good prognosis, its recurrence rate is high and remains a core concern in the clinic. Molecular factors contributing to different recurrence risks (RRs) remain poorly defined. Here, we performed an integrative proteogenomic and metabolomic characterization of 102 Chinese PTC patients with different RRs. Genomic profiling revealed that mutations in MUC16 and TERT promoter as well as multiple gene fusions like NCOA4-RET were enriched by the high RR. Integrative multi-omics analysis further described the multi-dimensional characteristics of PTC, especially in metabolism pathways, and delineated dominated molecular patterns of different RRs. Moreover, the PTC patients were clustered into four subtypes (CS1: low RR and BRAF-like; CS2: high RR and metabolism type, worst prognosis; CS3: high RR and immune type, better prognosis; CS4: high RR and BRAF-like) based on the omics data. Notably, the subtypes displayed significant differences considering BRAF and TERT promoter mutations, metabolism and immune pathway profiles, epithelial cell compositions, and various clinical factors (especially RRs and prognosis) as well as druggable targets. This study can provide insights into the complex molecular characteristics of PTC recurrences and help promote early diagnosis and precision treatment of recurrent PTC.
Effects of Physical Exercise on Internet Addiction among College Students: A Mediated Model with Moderation
Authors: Yu Haoran
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of physical exercise on Internet addiction, as well as the mediating role of stress and the moderating role of self-control.
METHODS
An online questionnaire was used to survey 473 college students and the data collected were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0, AMOS 24.0, and PROCESS 3.4.
RESULTS
Physical exercise significantly and negatively predicted Internet addiction (β = -0.568, P < 0.01); stress mediated the relationship between physical exercise and Internet addiction, 95% CI = [-0.260,-0.138]; self-control moderated the effects of physical exercise and stress on Internet addiction, and an increase in the level of self-control increase enhances the negative effect of physical exercise on Internet addiction (β = -0.095, P < 0.01) and decreases the positive prediction of stress on Internet addiction (β = -0.210, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Regular physical exercise and a higher level of self-control can reduce the probability of Internet addiction.
Effect of the structure and hydrothermal conditions on the strength of polymer-ceramic composites
Authors: Walczak Agata , Maria Niewczas Agata , Daniel Pieniak , Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska , Paweł Kordos
Published: June 2023

Polymer composites properties depend on their structures. Good initial properties are often not enough because they change under environmental conditions. Thus studies of functional properties should provide information about both, their initial properties and their behavior under operating conditions. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the structure of dental composites and the environmental hydrothermal conditions on their mechanical strength. Light cured polymer matrix ceramic composites (LC PMCCs) were investigated. Commercially available composites and experimental materials with different contents of filler particles were tested. Compressive strength, three-point and biaxial flexural strength tests were carried out. The tests were performed using composites without a load history, composites exposed to a moist environment and to hydrothermal aging. In most cases, changes in compressive strength under the effect of the moist environment and hydrothermal aging were non-significant. Values of compressive and three-point flexural strength obtained for universal type materials were higher than those obtained for flow type composites, while the latter were characterized by higher values of biaxial flexural strength. Hydrothermal aging caused the greatest decrease (approx. 60%) in the three-point flexural strength of universal type composites. The strength degradation of flow type materials was about 40%.
Automated differentiation of mixed populations of free-flying mosquitoes under semi-field conditions
Authors: Johnson Brian J , Weber Michael , Al-Amin Hasan Mohammad , Geier Martin , Devine Gregor J
Published: June 2023

Great advances in automated identification systems, or ‘smart traps’, that differentiate insect species have been made in recent years, yet demonstrations of field-ready devices under free-flight conditions remain rare. Here, we describe the results of mixed-species identification using an advanced optoacoustic smart trap design under free-flying conditions. Point-of-capture classification was assessed using mixed populations of congeneric (Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti) and non-congeneric (Ae. aegypti and Anopheles stephensi) container-inhabiting species of medical importance. Culex quinquefasciatus, also common in container habitats, was included as a third species in all assessments. At the aggregate level, mixed collections of non-congeneric species (Ae. aegypti, Cx. quinquefasciatus, and An. stephensi) could be classified at accuracies exceeding 95% (% error = 2.08–3.29%). Conversely, error rates increased when analysing individual replicates (mean % error = 48.6; 95% CI 8.1–68.6) representative of daily trap captures and at the aggregate level when Ae. albopictus was released in the presence of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus (% error = 4.7–42.5%). These findings highlight the many challenges yet to be overcome but also the potential operational utility of optoacoustic surveillance in low diversity settings typical of urban environments.
A strategy of hob-grinding the cylindrical riblet surface for drag reduction using the grinding wheel with ordered abrasive pattern
Authors: Lyu yushan , Guoxun Wang , Li Xingshan , Shu Qilin , Wang Boliang
Published: June 2023

Riblet drag reduction surface is a biomimetic surface, and studying its manufacturing technology has practical significance for solving its engineering applications. Based on the principle of gear hobbing, a hob-grinding strategy for hob-grinding the cylindrical riblet surface of reducing drag using superhard grinding wheels with engineered spiral abrasive pattern is proposed. To achieve this method, firstly, based on the analysis of the geometric topology features of the riblet surface, an engineered CBN grinding wheel with spiral arrangement of abrasive particles was designed based on the principle of gear hobbing machining; Then, the relationship between hob-grinding parameters and abrasive particle arrangement parameters on the parameters of the ground riblets was analyzed, and the process measures to increase the number of riblets on the cylindrical surface, the ratio of the riblet height to spacing, and the impact on the surface geometry of the riblets were explored; Finally, the surface of the cylindrical riblet surface was ground through experiments. The research results indicate that using this strategy can grind the cylindrical riblet surface, and the proposed process strategy of increasing the number of riblets and the ratio of the height to spacing is feasible.
Single image dehazing using frequency-guided filtering and progressive physics learning
Authors: Huang Yufeng , Xiong Shuai , Yang Siqi
Published: June 2023

Current learning-based dehazing ways simply rely on the paired synthetic datasets and physical models, which can hardly describe the complicated degradation for practical applications. These methods still struggle to achieve the haze removal, color distortion and detail restoration instantly, by ignoring the frequency characteristic differences and prior knowledge importance. To address these problems, we propose an unpaired stage-wise framework integrating Frequency-guided filtering and Progressive physics learning in an adversarial Dehazing network, called as FPD-Net. To be specific, a guided filter based on frequency information is employed to decompose the high and low frequency components for better feature extraction. We further merge the prior and physical knowledge to form progressive physics learning, which can produce pleasing haze-free outputs with visibility and reality. For better atmospheric light estimation, the variational auto-encoder and KL loss are included to represent the illumination message. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real datasets prove that our designed FPD-Net achieves better performance visually and quantitatively than the comparing dehazing models.
A novel sequence analysis for one cyclic peptide immobilized on a single bead by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS focusing on discovery of medicinal medium sized molecules based on protein-protein interactions
Authors: Kasama Takeshi , Nokihara Kiyoshi
Published: June 2023

One cyclic peptide immobilized on one single gel-type bead have been attracting attention as resources for the discovery of medicinal medium sized molecules, although high throughput characterization of peptides has been a bottleneck. Previously we have reported construction of high-quality bead-libraries of which diversity was ca 200 million, and encountered some difficulties such as restrictions of Edman-degradation and sequence dependent cleavability with unclear termini on partial hydrolysis, which resulted efficacy problems for construction of a later second library for which numbers of candidates were increased. The present work describes direct liberation from beads by a one-pot reaction using 2-nitro-5-thiocyanatobenzoic acid followed by off-line nanoscale liquid chromatography/matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analyses to realize faster and routine sequencing. The present method is useful for investigation of protein-protein interactions as well as discovery of drug candidates.
Comparison of Feature Selection via Semi supervised denoising autoencoder and traditional approaches For Software Fault-prone Classification
Authors: Amara Dalila , Rabai Latifa
Published: June 2023

Software quality is the capability of a software process to produce software product satisfying the end user. The quality of process or product entities is described through a set of attributes that may be internal or external. For the product entity, especially, the source code, different internal attributes are defined to evaluate its quality like complexity and cohesion. Concerning external attributes related to the product environment like reliability, their assessment is more difficult. Thus, they are usually predicted by the development of prediction models based on software metrics as independent variables and other measurable attributes as dependent variables. For instance, reliability like other external attributes is generally measured and predicted based on other quality attributes like defect density, defect count and fault-proneness. The success of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches for software defect and faulty modules classification as crucial attributes for software reliability improvement is remarkable. In recent years, there has been growing interest in exploring the use of deep learning autoencoders, a type of neural network architecture, for software defect prediction. Therefore, we aim in this paper to explore the semi-supervised denoising DL autoencoder in order to capture relevant features. Then, we evaluate its performance in comparison to traditional ML supervised SVM technique for fault-prone modules classification. The performed experiments based on a set of software metrics extracted from NASA projects achieve promising results in terms of accuracy and show that denoising DL autoencoder outperforms traditional SVM technique.
Advanced exploitation of high-tin bronze alloys at medieval Talgar in Kazakhstan
Authors: Park Jang Sik , Savelieva Tamara
Published: June 2023

A metallographic examination of a bronze assemblage from the medieval site in Talgar, Kazakhstan, found high-tin bronze used in various domestic items requiring advanced functional properties. The main techniques observed involve high-tin alloys employed as spacers and binding agents in making double-walled thermal containers and the optimized thermo-mechanical treatments practiced in the α + β phase field. The addition of zinc together with tin and lead was also observed. We explored the engineering processes implemented and the level of pertinent technological sophistication.