bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using wildlife carer records to identify patterns in flying-fox rescues: a case study in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Mo Matthew , Roache Mike , Haering Ron , Kwok Alan
Published: July 2020

Injured flying-foxes (Pteropus spp.) are frequently taken into care in eastern Australia. In particular, the grey-headed flying-fox (P. poliocephalus), a vulnerable species, is affected by several threats, which are partly mitigated through rescue and rehabilitation. This study examined patterns in flying-fox rescues in New South Wales (NSW) between 2011–12 and 2016–17 using annual reporting data from wildlife rehabilitation organisations. Specifically, we examined (1) species and demographic patterns in flying-foxes rescues; (2) the geographical distribution of flying-fox rescues; (3) reported causes of injury; and (4) release rates of rehabilitated flying-foxes. P. poliocephalus accounted for the largest proportion of flying-fox rescues. Most rescues occurred in coastal regions, with more than one-third of P. poliocephalus rescues occurring in the Sydney region and more than one-third of black (P. alecto) and little red (P. scapulatus) flying-fox rescues occurring on the NSW Far North Coast. A broad range of factors was involved in flying-foxes coming into care, the main ones being entanglements, heat stress, orphaned pups and electrocutions. Release rates of rehabilitated flying-foxes were high, especially in pups and juveniles. These results demonstrate the potential conservation value of flying-fox rehabilitation. High proportions of injuries caused by entanglements, heat stress and electrocutions highlight the importance of ongoing threat mitigation efforts.
REM sleep stabilizes hypothalamic representation of feeding behavior
Authors: Oesch Lukas T. , Gazea Mary , Gent Thomas C. , Bandarabadi Mojtaba , Gutierrez Herrera Carolina , Adamantidis Antoine R.
Published: July 2020

Significance

The lateral hypothalamus encompasses neural circuits that are highly active during feeding behavior and rapid eye movement sleep. Yet, it remains unclear whether these mutually exclusive behaviors share common neural populations. Here, we recorded and perturbed the activity of inhibitory neurons of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) across feeding behavior and sleep in freely behaving mice. We found that feeding is reliably encoded by specific patterns of neuron activity and that these patterns are reactivated during rapid eye movement sleep. Disrupting the activity of these inhibitory neurons specifically during rapid eye movement sleep decreased subsequent feeding behavior. These results suggest that rapid eye movement sleep stabilizes the hypothalamic representation of feeding behavior and modulates future food intake.
Differences in the free energies between the excited states of A
β
40 and A
β
42 monomers encode their aggregation propensities
Authors: Chakraborty Debayan , Straub John E. , Thirumalai D.
Published: July 2020

Significance

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is caused by the accumulation of pathological aggregates, primarily composed of the A

β

40 and A

β

42 isoforms. Experiments have shown that A

β

42 is more aggregation prone compared to A

β

40. However, the molecular origin of this apparent anomaly remains elusive. Here, we provide a microscopic basis for the different aggregation rates in terms of the distinct populations of high free energy excited fibril-like states (

N

*

) that are encoded in the monomer spectra. The

N

*

theory explains the emergence of fibril polymorphs and predicts the relative kinetic stabilities of A

β

42 fibrils using Ostwald’s rule of stages. Our work shows that sequence-specific conformational heterogeneity of the monomer ensembles provides important cues for understanding protein aggregation.
Narrative comprehension in simultaneously bilingual Finnish-Swedish and
monolingual Finnish children
Authors: Kunnari Sari , Välimaa Taina
Published: July 2020

We analysed narrative comprehension in 5-to-6-year-old
simultaneously bilingual Finnish-Swedish (n = 16) and
monolingual Finnish children (n = 16) by using the
Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN). We assessed mean
total narrative comprehension scores for bilingual children in both of their
languages and for monolingual children in Finnish, in both telling and
retelling conditions. We compared bilingual and monolingual children’s
narrative comprehension in Finnish and analysed the association between
comprehension and production. We also analysed the children’s ability to
answer different types of comprehension questions (i.e., questions probing
goals, internal state terms, and questions requiring both the ability to
draw inferences and to explain answers). We found no difference in total
narrative comprehension scores for bilingual children between their two
languages or between monolingual and bilingual children. This suggests
language-independent narrative comprehension. We found no difference in
narrative comprehension between telling and retelling and no correlation
between narrative comprehension and production. However, we found a clear
question type effect. Children performed better on questions probing goals
or internal state terms, but questions that required both inferencing and
ability to explain answers were very demanding. In conclusion, detailed
analysis of narrative comprehension provides knowledge on how children
create a coherent understanding of a story and utilise information in the
comprehension process.
Bilingualism effects in the narrative comprehension of children with
Developmental Language Disorder and L2-Greek
Authors: Peristeri Eleni , Andreou Maria , Tsimpli Ianthi Maria , Durrleman Stephanie
Published: July 2020

Narrative comprehension is a complex process that
requires the ability to integrate language information from the speech
signal with visual and contextual knowledge, while drawing also from social
cognition and executive functions. Although many studies have examined
narrative comprehension in typically-developing (TD) bilingual children and
suggested a bilingual advantage, evidence for bilingualism effects in the
narrative comprehension performance of children with Developmental Language
Disorder (DLD) is scant. This study explores narrative comprehension of
thirty 6 to 8 year old monolingual Greek and Albanian-Greek bilingual
children with DLD, along with two groups of age-matched TD monolingual Greek
and Albanian-Greek bilingual children. Children’s narrative comprehension
was assessed through the Greek versions of two stories (Cat
and Dog) which have been designed for retelling within the
Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives tool (Gagarina, Klop, Kunnari, Tantele, Välimaa,
Balčiūnienė, Bohnacker, & Walters, 2012) of the COST Action
IS0804. The children’s language, Theory of Mind (ToM) and updating skills
were independently measured. Both groups with DLD had lower language and
executive function performance than TD children. Bilinguals with and without
DLD, however, scored higher in narrative comprehension than their TD and DLD
monolingual peers. Similarly, bilingual children with DLD outperformed their
monolingual peers with DLD on the ToM task. TD children’s narrative
comprehension was predicted by their language and executive function
performance, while DLD bilingual children’s narrative comprehension was
predicted by performance on the ToM task and their dominance in L2/Greek.
The overall results indicate advantages for bilingual children with DLD in
narrative comprehension and ToM, while suggesting a link between these
enhanced skills.
“Harry, You Must Stop Living in the Past:” Names as Acts of Recall in John Updike’s Rabbit Angstrom
Authors: Backhaus Peter
Published: July 2020

This paper studies the function of names as a stylistic device in literary fiction. The data are taken from John Updike’s Rabbit series, which depicts the life of US American Everyman Harry “Rabbit” Angstrom from the late 1950s to the 1980s. Special focus is on Harry’s peculiar habit of calling people and places by names that are no longer up to date: former nicknames, maiden names, names of shops that have gone out of business. It is argued that, in so doing, Harry is recurrently invoking memories of his own past. Updike’s use of names here reinforces, on an onomastic level, one of the major motifs of the novel: the protagonist’s infatuation with a former version of himself.
Comparisons of air kerma and absorbed dose to water standards in Co-60 radiation beams for radiotherapy
Authors: Kottler Christian , Steurer Andreas , Delaunay Frank , de Pooter Jacco , García Mulas Cristina , Mihailescu Liviu-Cristian
Published: July 2020

The air kerma and absorbed dose to water standards for 60Co radiotherapy beams of 6 EURAMET NMIs were compared by circulating 2 transfer standards. The schedule for the measurements lasted from March 2013 to February 2015. The participants determined the calibration coefficients for the 2 transfer standards in both radiation quantities mentioned above. The comparison results are given in terms of air kerma and absorbed dose to water for both transfer standards as the ratio of the participants' calibration coefficients to the respective average values over all participants. Two participating NMIs, BEV and METAS, measured the transfer standards twice and three times, respectively. Hence, submeans were calculated and propagated as their respective repeated measurements are correlated.

The results are also linked to the BIPM.RI(I)-K1 and BIPM.RI(I)-K4 key comparisons through the linking laboratories BEV, LNE-LNHB and VSL for the air kerma and BEV, LNE-LNHB and METAS for the absorbed dose to water standards.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
SPECT with a multi-bang assumption on attenuation
Authors: Holman Sean , Richardson Philip
Published: July 2020

We consider the identification problem which arises in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of joint reconstruction of both attenuation a and source density f. Assuming that a takes only finitely many values and

f
∈

C

c

1

(

R

2

)

we are able to characterise singularities appearing in the attenuated Radon transform R

a 

f, which models SPECT data. Using this characterisation we prove that both a and f can be determined in some circumstances from R

a 

f. We also propose a numerical algorithm to jointly compute a and f from R

a 

f based on a weakly convex regularizer when a only takes values from a known finite list, and show that this algorithm performs well on some synthetic examples.
Effect of impurity radiation and helium particle confinement on tokamak–reactor plasma performance
Authors: Mavrin Aleksey A
Published: July 2020

In this paper two important matters for assessments the D–T plasma performance of future tokamak–reactors such as ITER and EU–DEMO projects are discussed. The first issue is the heat removal via the radiation of intrinsic and seeded impurities. The second is the helium particle confinement and ash removal. To study these issues, a simple numerical 0.5D-model is proposed. The impurity radiation in the tokamak high–temperature plasma is described by the coronal model. Coronal radiative cooling used rates are based on the tabulated data published in the recent works. Helium particle confinement and ash exhaust efficiency are determined by the variable parameter ρ* characterizing the ratio between the global helium particle confinement time

τ

H
e

∗

and the energy confinement time τ

E
. Such approach allows simultaneously obtaining solutions of the particle and energy balance equations in steady–state conditions, taking account of the effect of impurity radiation loss and ash poisoning. Using known energy confinement scaling τ

E
and design parameters of the ITER and EU–DEMO projects the particle and energy balance equations have been solved. For fixed values of impurities concentration and ratios ρ*, iso–curves of constant fusion power were obtained. These curves are similar to the well–known Plasma OPeration CONtours (POPCON). The POPCON curves are often used to study the operating points of tokamak–reactors. It is shown that for the ITER parameters there is a noticeable margin in the ratio ρ*. For the design parameters of the EU–DEMO project, the margin for ratio ρ* is very small, which casts doubt on the feasibility of the project in its current form (at least with regard to the EU–DEMO steady–state project). Further research in this area is required. The methods and results obtained in this paper can be used for further conceptual analysis of tokamak–reactors operating space.
High-performance YbTixOy/PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 stacked gate dielectric for InGaZnO thin-film transistors
Authors: Pan Tung-Ming , Wang Hung-Chun , Her Jim-Long , Lou Bih-Show
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we developed a high-performance YbTixOy/PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 (PZT) stacked gate dielectric for indium–gallium–zinc-oxide (InGaZnO) thin-film transistor (TFT) devices. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were applied to examine the crystal structure, film morphology, and elemental composition of the YbTixOy and YbTixOy/PZT stacked films, respectively. Compared with the YbTixOy dielectric, the InGaZnO TFT device with the YbTixOy/PZT stacked dielectric exhibited excellent electrical characteristics in terms of a lower subthreshold swing of 77 mV decade−1, a higher Ion/Ioff current ratio of 3.8 × 109, a smaller threshold voltage of 80 mV, and a larger field-effect mobility of 21.2 cm2 V-s−1. These results are attributed to the YbTixOy/PZT stacked film possessing the high-κ value as well as the smooth interface between the channel layer and dielectric.
Comprehensive characterization of Gunn oscillations in In0.53Ga0.47As planar diodes
Authors: Lechaux Y , Íñiguez-de-la-Torre I , Novoa-López J A , García-Pérez Ó , Sánchez-Martín H , Millithaler J F , Vaquero D , Delgado-Notario J A , Clericò V , González T , Mateos J
Published: July 2020

In this work, In0.53Ga0.47As planar Gunn diodes specifically designed for providing oscillations at frequencies below 30 GHz have been fabricated and characterized. Different types of measurements were used to define a set of consistent methods for the characterization of the oscillations that can be extended to the sub-THz frequency range. First, negative differential resistance and a current drop are found in the I–V curve, indicating the potential presence of Gunn oscillations (GOs), which is then confirmed by means of a vector network analyzer, used to measure both the S
11 parameter and the noise power density. The onset of unstable GOs at applied voltages where the negative differential resistance is hardly visible in the I–V curve is evidenced by the observation of a noise bump at very low frequency for the same applied voltage range. Subsequently, the formation of stable oscillations with an almost constant frequency of 8.8 GHz is observed for voltages beyond the current drop. These results have been corroborated by measurements performed with a spectrum analyzer, which are fully consistent with the findings achieved by the other techniques, all of them applicable to Gunn diodes oscillating at much higher frequencies, even above 300 GHz.
From a continuous to a discrete time crystal in a dissipative atom-cavity system
Authors: Keßler Hans , Cosme Jayson G , Georges Christoph , Mathey Ludwig , Hemmerich Andreas
Published: July 2020

We propose the dynamical stabilization of a nonequilibrium order in a driven dissipative system comprised an atomic Bose–Einstein condensate inside a high finesse optical cavity, pumped with an optical standing wave operating in the regime of anomalous dispersion. When the amplitude of the pump field is modulated close to twice the characteristic limit-cycle frequency of the unmodulated system, a stable subharmonic response is found. The dynamical phase diagram shows that this subharmonic response occurs in a region expanded with respect to that where stable limit-cycle dynamics occurs for the unmodulated system. In turning on the modulation we tune the atom-cavity system from a continuous to a discrete time crystal.
Hadronic cross section of e+e−
annihilation at bottomonium energy region *
Authors: Dong Xiang-Kun , Mo Xiao-Hu , Wang Ping , Yuan Chang-Zheng
Published: July 2020

The Born cross section and dressed cross section of

and the total hadronic cross section in

annihilation in the bottomonium energy region are calculated based on the

values measured by the BaBar and Belle experiments. The data are used to calculate the vacuum polarization factors in the bottomonium energy region, and to determine the resonant parameters of the vector bottomonium(-like) states

,

, and

.
Radiative decay of

in a hadronic molecule picture *
Authors: Zhu HongQiang , Huang Yin
Published: July 2020

The baryon

with the quantum number

is considered as a molecular state composed of a

baryon and

meson. The partial decay widths of the

molecular state into

and

final states through hadronic loops are evaluated with the help of the effective Lagrangians. The partial widths for the

and

transitions are evaluated at 1.50–1.02 keV and 17.56–24.91 keV, respectively, which may be accessible for the LHCb. Based on our results, we argue that an experimental determination of the radiative decay width of

is important for the understanding of its intrinsic properties.
Identifying hidden charm pentaquark signal from non-resonant background in electron–proton scattering *
Authors: Yang Zhi , Cao Xu , Liang Yu-Tie , Wu Jia-Jun
Published: July 2020

In this study, we analyze the electroproduction of the LHCb pentaquark states with the assumption that they are resonant states. Our main concern is to investigate the final state distribution in the phase space to extract a feeble pentaquark signal from a large non-resonant background. The results indicate that the signal to background ratio will increase significantly with a proper kinematic cut, which will be beneficial for future experimental analysis.
Isospin dependence of projectile fragmentation at hundreds of MeV/u *
Authors: Su Jun , Zhu Long , Guo Chenchen , Zhang Feng-Shou
Published: July 2020

By modeling the fragmentation process using a dynamic model and permitting only evaporation in the statistical code, the main features of a projectile fragmentation at 600 MeV/u were considered in our previous study [Phys. Rev. C, 98: 014610 (2018)]. In this study, we extend this to the isospin dependence of a projectile fragmentation at several hundreds of MeV/u. We searched for isospin observables related to the isospin fractionation to extract the symmetry energy, and found that at the pre-equilibrium stage of the collisions an isospin diffusion will take place and affect the isospin of the final fragments. The isospin fractionation plays a part during the fragmenting stage. Compared to the soft symmetry energy, the stiff symmetry energy provides a smaller repulsive force for neutrons and an attractive force for the protons in a neutron-rich system at a subnormal density, and hence causes a smaller isospin asymmetry of the gas phase, leaving a more neutron-rich liquid phase. An observable robust isospin is proposed to extract the slope of the symmetry energy at normal density based on the isospin dependence of the projectile fragmentation at hundreds of MeV/u.
The running curvaton *
Authors: Liu Lei-Hua , Xu Wu-Long
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we propose a homogeneous curvaton mechanism that operates during the preheating process and in which the effective mass is running (i.e., its potential consists of a coupling term and an exponential term whose contribution is subdominant thereto). This mechanism can be classified into either narrow resonance or broad resonance cases, with the spectral index of the curvaton consituting the deciding criteria. The inflationary potential is that of chaotic inflation (i.e., a quadratic potential), which could result in a smooth transition into the preheating process. The entropy perturbations are converted into curvature perturbations, which we validate using the

formalism. By neglecting the exponential term's contribution to the curvaton potential, we calculate the power spectrum

and the nonlinear non-Gaussian parameter

. Our calculations analytically show that these two observables are independent of the inflaton potential. Finally, when the curvaton decays (and the inflaton field vanishes), the exponential potential approaches a constant value similar to that of the cosmological constant, which may play the role of dark energy.
Subversion of conventional construction: Building 3D printing technology
Authors: Luo W J , Mao Z C , Lu H Z , Yang J , Ma X C , Xu L J
Published: July 2020

As a rapid prototyping technology, 3D printing technology has been successfully utilized in medical treatment, jewelry, precision parts manufacturing, aviation and other fields. Meanwhile, owing to its feature of energy saving and emission reduction, it is attached high importance to in recent years. However, due to the problems of printing equipment and materials, and evaluation standards, the research progress of building 3D printing technology is far from sufficing the practical demand of large-scale manufacture in the construction industry. This paper starts with an introduction to the classification and development history of building 3D printing technology, explains its current research and application status, and propose outlooks for the prospective development.
Irregular Concrete Structure Construction Technology of Cement Spraying for Bowl-shaped Steel Framework with External Suspended Mesh Attached
Authors: Ma Long , Xia Dongrui , Chen Fasheng , Guo Wenxu , Gao Xin
Published: July 2020

For the complex construction of a bowl-shaped concrete structure, this paper proposes a construction technology of cement spraying for steel formwork with external suspended mesh attached, which successfully solves the technical problem of construction of the hyperbolic non-load-bearing structure with a radius of 5250 mm at the entrance of sales office of Wanda Plaza in Jining of Ulanqab. The proposed method reduces the use of formwork, cuts construction period and cost, realizes green construction and has good economic and social benefits.
Study on Three-Dimension Design Management of Power Grid Projects Centered on Quality Improvement
Authors: Ning Wang , Peng Wu , Bingjun Zhao , Lin Xing , Suo Wang , Shuai Zhang , Yan Li , Yuan Hu
Published: July 2020

Based on the current status of transmission and transformation project design management, the concept of lean design is highly integrated with the means of three-dimension design so as to innovate the new mode for the full-process design of transmission and transformation project, as well as construct the three-dimension design of power grid project with the features of Southern Hebei Power Network. Through the standardization construction of three-dimension design technology, lean construction of design quality and profound application construction of engineering practice, it is able to unify the design standard, enhance the design quality, rebuild the business process and deepen the design practice. This article realize the precise development of budge, as well as reach the targets of strengthening the engineering intrinsic safety and obtaining the good economic benefit.
National Quality Infrastructure Supports Smart Grid Construction in China-Taking the State Grid as an Example
Authors: Liu Hui
Published: July 2020

The National Quality Infrastructure (NQI) plays an important role in technically supporting the construction of the smart grid. Taking the State Grid as an example, this paper analyzes the role of NQI in promoting and supporting UHV transmission projects, smart grid dispatching & control systems and new energy power generation in China. In the field of UHV transmission, the standard system supports the construction and industrial upgrading of UHV transmission projects, the testing system ensures the quality of engineering equipment, and the metering service ensures the accurate settlement of power generation, transmission and power supply. In the field of smart grid dispatching, NQI supports the successful research and development, all-round promotion and efficient operation of the D5000 System. In the field of new energy power generation, the technical standard system provides the basis for the grid-integrated system of new energy power generation. The improvement of testing capability has promoted the technological progress of the new energy industry. The certification of grid-integrated new energy has maintained the fairness and authority of the quality system.
Remolding the Economic Value of the Cultural Heritage of Jining Iron Pagoda Temple
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng
Published: July 2020

Through the analysis of the history and current status of the Iron Pagoda Temple, it is concluded that the economic value of the Iron Pagoda Temple as a cultural heritage in Jining is underestimated, and five suggestions for reshaping its economic value are proposed.
Research on Indoor Environmental Performance of Green Office Buildings in Shanghai Based on Field Investigation
Authors: Yang J R , Sun Y C , Qiu X L , Zhang G J
Published: July 2020

In order to understand the indoor environmental performance of green buildings after operation, 12 green buildings in Shanghai were selected to carry out long-term continuous monitoring and field collection study, data was comparative analysed with relevant national standards. Results show that the indoor environmental compliance rate of the building is more than 75%, and the comfort zone of the temperature and humidity are wider than the standard. The compliance rate of the light environment is generally good. At the same time, similar research results of other cities in China were compared, and the causes of the results were analysed. Finally, based on the measured data, the optimized standard limits of some parameters were proposed.
Coupling coordination measurement of land use and air quality in Heilongjiang Province
Authors: Luo Jiaxin , Cui Jia , Liu Yanfang
Published: July 2020

The coordinated development of land use and atmospheric environment is the key link to promote the healthy operation of regional economy and society. The gray correlation TOPSIS model was used to comprehensively evaluate the land use levels and air quality of 12 prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang Province from 2015 to 2018, and the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of the coordinated development degree of the two cities are explored by using the coupling coordination degree model. The results show that: The land use efficiency and air quality in Heilongjiang Province both fluctuate and increase, during which no city has achieved the ideal synchronous development, and the lag of land use level is the main factor limiting the degree of coordination; The coupling degree of land use and atmospheric environment is relatively high. 91.67% of the cities are always in a high-level coupling stage with little change. The coordination relationship between land use and atmospheric environment is gradually optimized, and the trend of temporal change is “N” type, and the type of coordination transitions from mild imbalance to barely coordinated. In space, it shows the pattern characteristics of “high in the West and low in the East”. Daqing has the highest level of coordinated development, while Harbin and Hegang need to improve their coordination.
Application of plastic concrete cut-off wall in reinforcement of reservoir
Authors: Wang L , Huang Y , Li Z , Zhang J
Published: July 2020

Plastic concrete is a kind of suitable material for cut-off wall of earth dam, which has low elastic modulus and permeability, large ultimate deformation, and good workability. In this paper, the mix proportion of plastic concrete with 50% bentonite content, water-binder ratio of 1.00 and sand-aggregate ratio of 55% is proposed, and the plastic concrete cut-off wall has been successfully applied to the reinforcement project of Huizhou Zengbo Lianhe reservoir. All the indexes meet the design requirements. The seepage of the main dam was reduced by 67%, and the piezometric level behind the wall was reduced by 6-9 m.
Research on tunnel ground settlement characteristics by shield method and pipe-jacking method based on numerical simulation
Authors: Lin Tingyu , Gong Jianwu
Published: July 2020

Based on a shield tunnel, the ground settlement by shield method and pipe-jacking method in straight tunnel and curve tunnel was studied. The ground settlement curves by the two methods were analyzed by numerical simulation. Compared with straight tunnel, the ground settlement trough in curve tunnel is shifted to the bending direction by about 0.5D. The overall ground settlement difference between shield and pipe-jacking method is relatively small in straight tunnel, and the settlement in curve tunnel by pipe-jacking method is more than that by shield method. With the excavation of the tunnel, the ground settlement trend in curve tunnel is more obvious than that in straight tunnel. And the settlement difference is relatively large in the middle of the tunnel for both straight tunnel and curve tunnel.
Research on In-depth Treatment Efficacy of Reclaimed Water with Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation
Authors: Subo Li , Yongze Liu , Liqiu Zhang , Feng L
Published: July 2020

The secondary biological effluent of a sewage treatment plant in Beijing City is treated deeply with heterogeneous catalytic ozonation and the efficacy is evaluated. The results indicate that the organic degradation efficacy in the effluent after heterogeneous catalytic ozonation increases along with the ozone dosage, but the ozone utilization ratio decreases along with the ozone dosage. Through the research of residual ozone concentration in the reactor friction, the catalyzer is added in the section between 30cm and 80cm far from the aeration device, and it can effectively promote ozone utilization ratio while further strengthening organic degradation efficacy. The results indicate that when the ozone dosage is 15mg/L, SCOD, UV254 and DOC in the effluent may be decreased to 6.74 mg/L, 0.0361 cm-1 and 5.85 mg/L respectively through catalytic ozonation of heterogeneous catalyzer A (aluminum silicon alloy). Meanwhile, the ozone utilization ratio is increased from 84.76% (when only ozone is oxidized) to 94.2%. Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis results indicate that macromolecules such as protein and humus in the effluent may be well removed. The reclaimed water after in-depth treatment reaches higher water quality standard, the applicable scenarios are greatly increased, and the water quality problem of reclaimed water can be effectively solved during reuse.
Fatigue Stress Analysis of Key Nodes in Cable-girder Anchorage Zone of Long-span Cable-stayed Bridge
Authors: Li Dai , Xianglin Jiang
Published: July 2020

Under the long-term effect of traffic load, the cable-girder anchorage zone of the cable-stayed bridge will be continuously subjected to fatigue stress, so the real-time stress state of this part is one of the important factors affecting the safe operation of the long-span cable-stayed bridge. In the present paper, finite element software was used to analyze the stress state of the key nodes of a typical steel anchor box of a long-span cable-stayed bridge, and based on the European, American and Chinese standards, the fatigue strength of the key nodes was evaluated according to the stress results. The evaluation results show that the fatigue strength of the cable-girder anchorage zone can meet the requirements of various codes and can continue to operate safely.
Construction risk assessment of green transformation of old industrial plants based on improved FMEA
Authors: Qian Wu , Min Sun , Na Li , Mengqi Sun , Jing Geng
Published: July 2020

In view of the problem that the construction process of the green transformation of the old industrial plants is easily affected by its own structure, transformation scheme, building technology and many other uncertain factors, a risk assessment model based on improved FMEA is proposed by combining fuzzy theory and D-S evidence theory. Through the data analysis of the primary indicators, 25 risk factors are screened from five aspects. On the basis of FMEA risk fuzzy evaluation matrix, Murphy’s method is introduced to correct the classical D-S evidence theory gives experts reasonable weight. The risk level is ranked according to the RPN, and the key risks factors in the construction of green transformation project of old industrial plants are determined. Finally, the model is verified by an engineering example, and the evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation.
Application of AMT in the Investigation of New Loushanguan Tunnel of Chongqing Guizhou Railway
Authors: Zhao Hu , Wang Linghui
Published: July 2020

New Loushanguan tunnel of Chongqing Guizhou railway is located in the karst and fault zone development section with strong water yield and complex engineering geological conditions. Through audio-frequency magnetotelluric(AMT) exploration, through data processing and two-dimensional inversion, the apparent resistivity profile of the tunnel is obtained. Combined with engineering geological data, the resistivity characteristics are analyzed, and the macroscopic lithology characteristics, karst development degree and fault fracture zone of the tunnel are explored the information of location and influence area provides geophysical basis for tunnel design and plays a guiding role in comprehensive geological investigation of deep tunnel.
Nanoporous Carbon from Durian Peel via Hydrothermal-Carbonization and their Application in Ripening Delay of Durian
Authors: Sitthisantikul Thanat , Poolsili Pee , Devakula Jindabha , Jaruwanawat Anuchit , Eiad-Ua Apiluck
Published: July 2020

This research was aimed to examine conditions on synthesis of nanoporous carbon materials from durian peel via the process of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as an application for delaying durian ripening process. The experiment was conducted by using durian peel as materials for producing nanoporous carbon via the process of hydrothermal at 160-200 °C for 8-24 hours. It also included the process of carbonization at 500-900 °C for 2 hours under nitrogen atmosphere for developing pore structure and removing contaminants to obtain the nanoporous carbon. The properties of nanoporous carbon were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman spectrometer analysis. The results indicated that the process of hydrothermal at 200 °C for 12 hours and carbonization at 900 °C for 2 hours was suitable for delaying ripe durian. This is become of the carbon content, porous structure and amorphous structure increased with HTC temperature.
Synthesis and Surface Characterization of a Novel Plasma-polymerized (α-Pinene)-based Thin Film
Authors: Alvarez Karl Vincent , Eusebio Bryle , Reyes Jonard Jairo , Pechardo Jason
Published: July 2020

α-Pinene is a bicyclic compound that is commonly sequestered from coniferous plants like pine trees. Several properties of pinene have been investigated, such as its isomerization capabilities and biological activity. However, the viability of pure pinene as an organic thin film has not yet been explored. In this work, we report the synthesis of an α-pinene-based organic thin film deposited on Al and glass substrates via plasma polymerization and its subsequent surface characterization. It was determined that the film generally became more hydrophobic as the α-pinene loading and the deposition time increased. More importantly, it was shown that specifying a pinene-Ar ratio of 50:50 yielded the highest contact angles at 94.22° and 110.38° for deposition times of 6.0 and 9.0 minutes, respectively. These results signify that a pinene-based organic thin film has been produced through the plasma polymerization synthesis route.
Thermal Performance of a Cross-flow Rotating Spray Bed
Authors: Sharma Moumita , Goswami Nilutpal , Bhowal Avijit
Published: July 2020

This work examined the thermal performance of evaporative cooling of water by an air stream in an equipment wherein the liquid phase is sprayed between two coaxial disks. The contact between the two phases was in a cross-current mode. The performance of the spray bed in terms of thermal efficiency and evaporation rate of liquid were calculated by varying operational parameters like air flow rate, water flow rate, and rotational speed. Both the thermal efficiency (minimum = 0.183, maximum = 0.34) and evaporation rate (minimum = 0.009 kg/min, maximum = 0.032 kg/min) increased with rotational speed and air flow rate. However, the thermal efficiency decreased with liquid flow rate.
Effects of Texture on the High Temperature Scratch Wear Behavior in Zinc
Authors: Gokhale Aditya , Huang E-Wen , Lee Soo Yeol , Prasad Rajesh , Jain Jayant
Published: July 2020

In this study the effect of texture on the wear behavior was investigated in extruded rod of pure zinc. Different loads and temperatures were used to investigate the effect of texture on wear behavior. Formation of chips at higher temperature marked the transition of wear mechanism from micro-ploughing to micro-cutting. Suppression of twinning at high temperature was also observed suggesting a complete slip dominated deformation at high temperature. The effect of texture was evident at high temperature and high loads.
Experimental Study on Performance of Anode Humidification System of Large Power Fuel Cell Stack
Authors: Xingsheng Lao , Yong Liu , Chunhui Dai , Jun Wu , Zhenxing Zhao
Published: July 2020

The heat and mass transfer characteristics of the hydrogen membrane humidification system of a 70kW atmospheric pressure proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack were experimentally studied. The shell-and-tube membrane humidifier is applied to the high-power fuel cell stack hydrogen humidification system, which has the advantages of fast humidification rate and good wettability of humidified hydrogen. The liquid hydrogen is humidified by liquid water. After the humidification in the experiment, the hydrogen can always reach the supersaturation state. When the hydrogen flow rate is constant, the temperature difference between the membrane humidifier humidification water inlet and outlet decreases with the increase of the water flow rate, and the hydrogen outlet The temperature approaches the humidification water inlet temperature as the liquid water flow rate increases; increasing the humidification water flow rate can reduce the temperature difference before and after the humidification water passes through the membrane humidifier. When the temperature and flow rate of the humidified water are constant, the fuel cell stack load increases, and the relative humidity of the humidified hydrogen outlet does not change significantly.
Research and development of a trajectory-position controller for an underwater glider
Authors: Gurenko Boris , Surov Kiril , Nazarkin Anatoly
Published: July 2020

In this article, development of glider control system for movement in a three-dimensional based on position-trajectory control laws is considered. To ensure control, a model of spatial motion of the glider is used, taking into account the component of the variable buoyancy. As a result of the simulation, the trajectories of the glider were obtained at points set in the horizontal plane, considering the parameters of the trajectory for movement in the vertical plane. The results obtained make it possible to evaluate the adequacy of the developed control system. The deviation of the system when the glider reaches the set point is minimal, and using the trajectory parameters in the vertical plane, it is possible to control the depth of immersion and speed. The presented results of the simulation of coating elements prove the possibility of practical use of the control system when planning glider-type AUV missions.
Multi-objective Tourist Trip Design Problem in Chiang Mai City
Authors: Wisittipanich Warisa , Boonya Chanagan
Published: July 2020

This study aims to solve a multi-objective tourist trip design problem (MO-TTDP) in order to simultaneously maximize tourist satisfaction and minimize total traveling cost. The goal is to identify optimal routing for tourist under time window and time horizon constraints. The mathematical model is first presented to find optimal routing under limited budget. However, the exact algorithm cannot find solution with multiple objectives simultaneously. Therefore, this study applies a metaheuristic, called Global Local and Near-Neighbour Particle Swarm Optimization (GLNPSO), to solve the MO-TTDP. Several local search strategies are also proposed to enhance the solution quality. The proposed algorithm is implemented on the real-case study in Chiang Mai City, Thailand. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm yields a set of diverse and high quality non-dominated solutions.
Weak measurement of the optical polarization, chirality and orbital angular momentum via metasurface with polarization filtering
Authors: Li Guang , Shi Peng
Published: July 2020

We propose a metasurface to evaluate the polarization, chirality and orbital angular momentum of the incident light. By employing the weak measurement mechanism, an aperture with a set orientation is utilized to filter the incident polarization components and enhance the polarization contrast. We demonstrate theoretically and numerically that the mechanism can detect the weak quantities of the incident field by evaluating the orientation angle of the azimuthal polarized component in the back focal plane or imaging plane. Using the aperture as the cell of metasurface, the enhancement can also be realized in the imaging plane. Moreover, by constructing a phase gradient through a couple of mirror symmetric apertures in the cell, the metasurface can produce orbit induced rotation in the imaging plane. Our results could find wide application in the polarization, chirality detection and orbital angular momentum communications.
Spectroscopic correlation of chalcogen defects in atomically thin MoS2(1−x)Se2x
alloys
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Pandey Juhi , Sahoo Krishna Rani , Rana Kewal Singh , Biroju Ravi K , Theis Wolfgang , Soni Ajay , Narayanan Tharangattu N
Published: July 2020

Engineering of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is highly sought after for novel optoelectronic and spintronic devices. With the limited number of naturally existing TMDs, chalcogen based alloying has become a viable solution for developing TMDs for optical modulators and photovoltaics. Here, we report on detailed optical and microscopic studies of ternary TMD alloys of molybdenum, sulfur, and selenium grown via a single step method. The developed material has tunable band gaps in a broad range 1.5–1.9 eV with the variation in sulfur compositions. Further, the existence of trions, bi-excitons, and defect bound excitons are shown using temperature dependent (4 K−300 K) photoluminescence spectroscopy. A detailed analysis on MoS1.34Se0.66 alloy system shows the evidence of new types of defect bound excitons originating at low temperatures along with the presence of bi-excitons having a binding energy of ∼41 meV. The prospects of defect induced quasiparticles are observed in scanning transmission electron microscope assisted analyses and verified using density functional theory calculations. The thermal conductivity values, calculated using micro-Raman studies, of MoS2, MoSe2, and MoS1.34Se0.66 are found to be 69(±2) W m−1 K−1, 33(±2) W m−1 K−1 and 17(±2) W m−1 K−1 respectively, in agreement with the theoretical predictions. Tunable optical properties of these ternary atomic layers along with moderate thermal conductivity reveal the potential of these layers in modern opto-electronic devices and sensors.
MXene for high energy and power density: a perspective
Authors: Wang Chengxiang , Wang Xianfen , Zhang Luyuan , Yin Longwei
Published: July 2020

MXenes as a family of unique 2D materials with high conductivity, atomic thickness, redoxable property and plenty of surface groups have been extensively explored for energy storage. Energy and power densities are always increasing along with the development of controllable synthesis, surface chemical groups and microstructure regulations. Herein, we reviewed present progresses in MXene-based materials for high performance energy storage. Specific discussion was focused on novel structure design, surface group regulation and multivalent ion battery applications. Finally, based on the aforementioned results and discussions, personal perspectives on the MXenes for high energy and power are presented.
COVID-19 Testing
Authors: Brooks Zoe C , Das Saswati
Published: July 2020

Objectives

To illustrate how patient risk and clinical costs are driven by false-positive and false-negative results.

Methods

Molecular, antigen, and antibody testing are the mainstay to identify infected patients and fight the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To evaluate the test methods, sensitivity (percent positive agreement [PPA]) and specificity (percent negative agreement [PNA]) are the most common metrics utilized, followed by the positive and negative predictive value—the probability that a positive or negative test result represents a true positive or negative patient. The number, probability, and cost of false results are driven by combinations of prevalence, PPA, and PNA of the individual test selected by the laboratory.

Results

Molecular and antigen tests that detect the presence of the virus are relevant in the acute phase only. Serologic assays detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the recovering and recovered phase. Each testing methodology has its advantages and disadvantages.

Conclusions

We demonstrate the value of reporting probability of false-positive results, probability of false-negative results, and costs to patients and health care. These risk metrics can be calculated from the risk drivers of PPA and PNA combined with estimates of prevalence, cost, and Reff number (people infected by 1 positive SARS-CoV-2 carrier).
Procalcitonin Correlates With but Is Not Superior to Other Diagnostic Markers of Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Ayala-Lopez Nadia , Peaper David R , Harb Roa
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Despite extensive research on procalcitonin (PCT)-guided therapy in lower respiratory tract infections, the association between PCT and bacterial pneumonia remains unclear.

Methods

We evaluated retrospectively the performance of PCT in patients presenting with lower respiratory tract infection symptoms and grouped by seven diagnoses. All patients had microbial testing, chest imaging, and CBC counts within 1 day of PCT testing.

Results

Median PCT level in patients diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia was significantly higher than in patients diagnosed with other sources of infections or those not diagnosed with infections. Median PCT levels were not different among patients grouped by type or quantity of pathogen detected. They were significantly higher in patients with higher pathogenicity scores for isolated bacteria, those with abnormal WBC count, and those with chest imaging consistent with bacterial pneumonia. A diagnostic workup that included imaging, WBC count, and Gram stain had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.748, and the addition of PCT increased it to 0.778.

Conclusions

PCT was higher in patients diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. Less clear is its diagnostic ability to detect bacterial pneumonia over and above imaging and laboratory data routinely available to clinicians.