bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scientific Methods in Protection of Wildlife: A Need of Time
Authors: Parvez Anjum , Verma Sandhya , Bahuguna Rajesh
Published: July 2023

Wildlife is an essential part of wholesome environment which needs the special care andattention toward its preservation and prevention of crimes through effective legal and scientificmechanisms. Now world has moving towards the inclusion of technology in every sphere ofhuman life. Here law and science are mediums of achieving the ends for the betterment oflives and welfare of humans. Forensic science has been emerging as a great aid in conductingthe effective investigation against wildlife crimes. This article points out certain methods offorensic science in relation to the law in India, and their utility, so that the cherished right ofwholesome environment can become a reality
Implementation of Human Rights: An Universal Challenge Towards Humanity
Authors: Yadav Seema
Published: July 2023

machinery for implementation of such rights or redressal in case of their violation would onlybe a content of a paper document. Human Rights as developed in due course from case to caseincludes the right to live with dignity and which further expanded to the right to self-developmentso as to acquire dignified existence as a human being with at least human facilities is basicallyignited. May be it can be said that there being no provision or denial to have a provision toenforce Human Rights or to get redressal on violation thereof itself may amount to the denial ofHuman Rights. Although the Human Rights movement has been exercising profound influenceamongst the world community, the fight for human dignity has to be Universal the inherentdignity of the human being exists regardless of his nationality or political status. There shouldbe universality about human rights which can make them a common concern for allIsha vasyamadam Sarvam,Yatkincha jagatyam jagat;Tena tyakten bhunjitha magrdhah Kasyasvidhanam.(Yajurved:40;1&Upnishad:version 1);It means that all this is for habitation by the Lord,whatsoever is individual. Universe ofmovement in the Universal motion.By that renounced thou shouldst enjoy;lust not after anyman’s possession. Meaning thereby whatever is there in the world that is imbibed with thegrace of Almighty. That need be enjoyed with the sense of renunciation, i.e. equal rights toall mankind at large with morality as well as having force of law. Since social values areundergoing rapid change, the law should be adaptable to the changing needs of society.
Drifting-Density and Diversity of Aquatic Mites in the Spring- Fed Stream Heval from Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Rayal Rajesh , Malik Riya , Madan Sanjay , Thapliyal Anju
Published: July 2023

Drift is a major feature in the continuous distribution of macroinvertebrates. In the currentstudy, the density and variety of mites that float in the spring-fed stream Heval are observed andevaluated. During the evaluation period from December 2021 to February 2022, a maximumof 15 species from six families were recorded. The Dobriyal-Bahuguna Drifting Index (DBDI)gives insight into the relationship between the population that is in the environment at a giventime and the population that chooses to drift or is forced to drift. The findings of DBDI revealedthat the maximum drifting value (0.2886) for all mite populations was observed in February inthe spring-fed stream Heval. In contrast, it was at its lowest (0.2513) in December
Breeding Capacity of Lepidocephalus guntea (Hamilton- Buchanan) from Khoh River, Garhwal Himalaya, IndiaLepidocephalus guntea, a foot hill-stream fish, was collected from the Khoh River in the Garhwal Himalaya for the present investigation, which examines
Authors: Rayal Rajesh , Bisht Himanshu Ranjan Singh , Kapruwan Deeksha , Semwal Poonam Prabha , Kotnala CB
Published: July 2023

Lepidocephalus guntea, a foot hill-stream fish, was collected from the Khoh River in theGarhwal Himalaya for the present investigation, which examines the fish’s breeding capacity.35 mature female fishes were included as the subject of the investigation. In fish measuringbetween 63 and 85 millimeters, the total breeding capacity was found to be between 321 and4120. Fish weight (0.9862) and ovary length (0.9827), rather than other fish body parameters,were found to have a greater influence on breeding capacity.
Taxonomical Description of One Species of Soil Nematode Fauna in Bilara
Authors: Vyas Naresh , Choudhary Bhagirath , Purohit Manu
Published: July 2023

Cervidellus cervus N. Sp. is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric,and data. In this species robust body that tapers only slightly towards the front. Cuticletransversely striated only. Lip region about ½ as wide as mid body width. Labial probolaeslender, fucate, “Y shaped”, occasionally with a few branches. Cephalic probolae thin, flaplike, inward pointing with plain or serrate cuticularized borders. Small species generally lessthan 0.5 mm long. All species are inhabitants of soil or humans and are probably microbivorousthough nothing is known as to the nature of their food. Samples were collected from agriculturefields, in Bilara region. (Goodey, 1963).
Description of Medicinal Herb, Perfume Ginger: Hedychium spicatum (Zingiberales: Zingiberaceae)
Authors: Jain Ritu , Tiwari Ritesh , Kumar Shailendra , Shukla Ajay Kumar , Kumar Manish , Shukla Awadhesh Kumar
Published: July 2023

Background: H. Spicatum is referred to locally as Gulbakawali or butterfly lily and maycontain medicinal chemicals. It is a member of the Zingiberaceae family. This plant most likelyoriginated in the Himalayas. Tropical and subtropical climates, like those in India, Brazil,Japan, and South China, are where the plant is typically found.Main body of the abstract: Asthma, bad breath, fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, bronchitis,hiccoughs, and inflammation have all been traditionally treated and managed with H.Spicatum. Additionally, it is employed in the management of analgesic, anti-asthmatic, andanti-inflammatory conditions. Many scientists today are studying things like antidiabetic,cytotoxic, antibacterial, and anthelmintic activities. Hedychinone, polyphenols, terpenoids, andthe labdane terpene appear to be the species’ main chemical components. Despite the species’promising recent study, it is too early and sometimes too vague to be utilised to explain andsupport some of the ethno medicinal uses.Conclusion: This review addressed all of the known and traditional applications of H. Spicatum.This knowledge is incredibly beneficial to researchers and the search for novel medicines.
Evaluation of Standard Changes in Enthalpy During Complex Formation of Mn(II), Ni(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) with p-fluorobenzoylthioacetophenone
Authors: Ali Hashmat , Soren Nishant , Ravi Rohit Kumar , Kumar Kunal , Anjali
Published: July 2023

The stability constant values of the complexes of p-fluorobenzoylthioacetophenone with bivalentmanganese, nickel, cadmium and mercury at different temperatures viz. 283K, 293K and 303Khave been determined using Calvin-Bjerrum’s pH titration technique as adopted by Irving andRossotti. Standard change in free energy at desired temperatures were evaluated with the helpof data of overall stability constants using the thermodynamic expression, ΔG° = −2.303 RTLog β. The standard changes in enthalpy associated with the complex formation reactions wereevaluated with the help of Isobar equation. The standard enthalpy change was also calculatedby using Gibbs-Helmholtz equation. From values obtained, the standard changes in enthalpyassociated with the above complex formation have been thoroughly discussed.
The Pangwala People of Pangi Region: Ethnography of Rituals and Ceremonies
Authors: Thakur Rakesh , Singh Surender
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the role of rituals and ceremonies of the Pangwala tribe in thePangi region of Himachal Pradesh. The cultural identity and traditions of the Pangwala peoplebecome the pride and identity of this region, which is tried to analyse in ritual and ceremonies.The data were taken from the numerous villagers through observation and interview schedule.The content analysis was used to identify the rituals and ceremonies of this tribal community.With this regard, an ethnographic perspective was applied to the study of the description of thePangwala ritual, focusing on the internal elements and their functions in the Pangwala society.Among the findings of this community is how important it is to preserve their beliefs to safe andkeep the peace of the village. The study is highlighted to ensure people that the existence of theritual and ceremonies is still implemented in the modern era as a part of the ancient heritage.
Effect of the Solvent Polarity and Temperature in the Isolation of Pure Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata
Authors: Maurya Rahul , B Thirupataiah , Misro Lakshminarayana , R Thulasi
Published: July 2023

The primary objective of the proposed research work is to extract and enrich pure andrographolide(AGL) by varying the polarity index and Hildebrand solubility parameter (δ) of a moderatelypolar solvent. Both parameters affect the solubility of AGL in different solvents and extractionmethods.AGL was extracted from the whole plant Andrographis paniculata. Continuous or Direct,Maceration and Soxhlet extraction method used for extraction. Based on the appearance of thecrystal in the direct Soxhlet ethyl acetate method, their yield was further optimized by using arandomized response surface methodology (RSM) and quadratic model-based Box‒Behnkendesign (BBD). HPTLC was used to determine the AGL extraction efficiency, purity, andquantification. Based on the obtained result, the pure andrographolide crystal (yield 0.185 g/g)was obtained by direct Soxhlet extraction. Ethyl acetate is used as a solvent. The Rf exhibitedin the TLC chromatogram was 0.28. The FT-IR spectra exhibited characteristic peaks similarto the standard AGL, and 1H-NMR and 13C NMR elucidated the crystal structure. The DEPT-90/135 spectra showed that the extracted crystal was pure AGL. One of the novel approachesis isolating pure AGL crystals in a moderately polar solvent (ethyl acetate) by elevating theHildebrand solubility parameter despite using polar solvents. AGL crystals were obtained fromdirect Soxhlet extraction by ethyl acetate.It is a single-step and more economical method. It can be easily transformed into a pilot orindustrial setup to extract the pure AGL.
Application of Bioactive Molecules in the Treatment and Management of Type-1 Diabetic Disease
Authors: Dubey Rama Shankar , Naidu M.A. , Shukla Ajay Kumar , Shukla Awadhesh Kumar , Kumar Manish , Verma Sonia , Mourya Pramod Kumar
Published: July 2023

The following is a summary of bioactive chemicals that have been described by researchersbased on experimental or clinical antidiabetic data and used in traditional medical systems.Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases in the world. Athorough investigation was carried out to gather information on ayurveda, homoeopathic,unani, yoga, and other therapies. It is a metabolic dysfunction disease of the endocrine systemthat affects over 10% of the world’s population, with the number of those affected growingby the day. The scientific and family names, plant parts and test model employed, degree ofhypoglycemic activity, and active chemical compounds are all available in the profiles. Allbioactive treatments have been demonstrated to be beneficial in the treatment of diabeticcomplications and in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetics with DBT-1. Natural oraltreatment also significantly lowered glucose levels and insulin requirements in diabetic-1patients, but more clinical research is needed to determine the exact mechanism.
Distribution of Acetylcholinesterase in the Octavolateral Area of Heteropneustes fossilis
Authors: Tripathi Anurag
Published: July 2023

Octavolateral area is a significant component of rhombencephalon in teleosts which shows afine cytoarchitecture and comprises many intermingled nuclear groups. In the present study,distribution pattern of enzyme acetylcholinesterase has been carried out by employing amodified histochemical technique to visualize acetylcholine containing neurons described byHedreen, J.C. et.al. (1985).Acetylcholinesterase is an effective marker of cholinergic-cholinoceptive neurons since ithydrolyses acetylcholine in to choline and acetate at synaptic clefts. Present histochemicalresults exhibited a widespread distribution of acetylcholinesterase in the different nuclei ofoctavolateral area of Heteropneustes. Octavolateral efferent nucleus, medial octavolateralnucleus, magnocellular and posterior octaval nucleus demonstrated intense activity foracetylcholinesterase, while anterior octavolateral nucleus and descending octaval nucleusexhibited moderate staining. The distribution of acetylcholinesterase was homogenous in thewhole rostro-caudal and lateral extension of this nucleus.Thus in overall picture, octavolateral nucleus contains abundant cholinergic cells in the brainof Heteropneustes. In conclusion, the abundance of cholinergic innervations in this area is awell conserved characteristic among vertebrates which has been discussed from phylogeneticperspective.
Economic impact of COVID-19 on Ethiopian micro, small, and medium enterprises and policy measures
Authors: Malik Ishfaq Ahmad , Shah Showkat Ahmad
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study is to determine the impact of MSME's affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. We used a panel data design and collected data from 650 respondents randomly from various parts of the country. The data is collected in three rounds: the first from June-July 2020, the second from November-December 2020, and the third from June-July 2021. The analysis found that in (Round 1) 91 percent MSME’s reported decline in production or sale, while in (Round 2) and (Round 3) enterprises reported improvement in production and sale. The study results shows that about 64 percent respondents in average of the three rounds reported increased in debt. Similarly, an average of three rounds, 16 percent and 12.5 percent workers were permanently and temporarily lay-off. Based on the findings of the study its being suggested that short-term and long-term policies should be established for reviving MSME’s.
Nesting and distribution pattern of house crow (Corvus splendens) in Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: Jaipal B. R. , Singh Himmat
Published: July 2023

The population of Indian house crow (Corvus splendens) has increased considerably in cities worldwide. In the recent past, there has been an increase in the population of house crows in the Thar Desert of western Rajasthan, India. A survey of 1004 km was conducted on roads connecting Jaisalmer-Jodhpur–Bikaner and Barmer districts. About 463 house crows were averagely sighted out of which on average, about 161 crows recorded sitting on the roads were feeding on accident-killed animals. The density of crows in the study area was 15.37 crow/sq km. A total of 489 nests were observed during the roadside survey, of which about 69.5% (340) were found on the Acacia tortilis. Almost all nests were located at a height of 20 to 40 ft. The nest height on A. tortilis ranged from 25 to 30 ft only and ranged from 25 to 40 ft on Azadirachta indica. The scenario of the desert has changed owing to developmental activities, which may further facilitate the population growth of crows in this part of the desert.
Extended Kalman filter-based prognostic of actuator degradation in two tank system
Authors: Jayaprasanth D. , Arul Melissa J.
Published: July 2023

Rapid growth in the industries need an effective predictive maintenance policy. Failure in the equipment decreases the production rate and thereby, causing a loss to the industry. The equipment especially, the actuator is operated continuously in the industries in order to achieve the desired production rate. Actuator is the key element which undergoes degradation due to frequent control actions. However, degradation is mainly influenced by different operating conditions and other environmental factors. This decreases the lifetime of the equipment and also it increases the maintenance cost. This problem is addressed by carrying out the reliability studies on the actuator by using Gamma process. It is used to describe the system  degradation.
In this work, Gamma process based actuator modelling is used to study the deterioration in the actuator. The gamma parameters such as shape and scale parameters are the deciding factors describing the level of degradation in the system. It is then applied to two tank feedback control system. Extended version of Kalman filter estimates the state of noisy measurements which describes the fault trend characteristics in the system. Finally, the evolution of actuator capacity in presence of fault is analyzed and simulated in MATLAB environment.
Diversification and application of Warli art on apparels
Authors: Joshitha S. , Yakshitha A. , Adnan Mariyam
Published: July 2023

Warli painting is one of the oldest art forms of India. It originated from the Warli region in Maharashtra, India. It is performed by the warli tribe from the coastal regions of Maharashtra. Our motive is to bring innovation in the art form by inculcating new ideas and methods of doing the same. One such innovative idea is to convert the traditional art form into an Indo-western form by adding new ideas from the western culture. Thereby we can bring innovation in our using this traditional art form thereby bringing innovation in the product also. The product (1) chosen is a warli painted T-shirt which will be a combination of western and Indian culture. The western garment- T- shirt will be beautified using the traditional warli paint which will give an indo-western look to the garment as whole. The product (2) chosen is warli painted kid's frock. The warli painting will be made with various new colour which is not a basic warli painting colour. It has both traditional and new warli designs.
The traditional warli designs will be stylized by changing the colors and the motifs to some extent using creativity. Also a market survey is conducted using specific sampling to understand and assess the consumers’ expectations and feedback of the product.
This helped us to understand the consumers better and also to develop more accurate and acceptable products for them. This way we will be able to reach many consumers all over the world.
Optimization of cost to customer of power train in commercial vehicle using knapsack dynamic programming influenced by vehicle IoT data
Authors: M Chandrasekaran , P K Rajesh
Published: July 2023

The automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEM) current challenge of deriving the optimized cost to customer for the product when the product is configured dynamically. For every OEM the product they sell is bounded by warranty terms, thus the product configuration they offer should be reliable to withstand the warranty period. This paper discusses about the optimization of cost of the power train configuration which is offered to the customer is incorporated with the product cost and the provisional warranty cost.  For a target cost the product planner must configure a power train configuration which should adhere to the target cost but selecting the power train configuration only based on cost will defeat the performance of the vehicle. Thus, power train configuration is governed based on the reliability factor of the power train components which is derived using a vehicle IoT data derived from live running vehicles. The cost to customer is calculated as the sum of product cost and provisional-warranty cost calculated based on the dynamic reliability predicted using the vehicle Internet of Things (IoT) data. In this paper, for the target cost   to customer set by the product planner to select the best fit power train configuration for the product line, is formulated as a 0-1 knapsack problem, and dynamic programming is used to find the optimized cost to customer which is the sum of two variables the product cost and provisional warranty cost. The findings using this method is encouraging as the use of combinatorial optimization techniques and the vehicle IoT data model for deriving the dynamic reliability data are working in tandem to provide an optimum cost output.
Analog Circuits Based Fault Diagnosis using ANN and SVM
Authors: Dhamotharan Archana , Srinivasan Kanthalakshmi
Published: July 2023

In this study, we provide a technique for identifying analog errors using a neural network and an SVM (SVM). The study's major objective is to produce a trustworthy diagnostic based on a technique that reduces testing durations by resolving the problem of component tolerances.The suggested strategy uses an artificial neural network and a backward propagation mechanism. The impact of methods like Principal Component Analysis on feature extraction is discussed in this work. The simulation results show that the technique is effective and efficient for fault identification in tolerant mixed-signal circuits.
Design and development of wall hanging and plant hangers using tie and dye
Authors: P Simeon , D Vijayalakshmi
Published: July 2023

The key priority of this research work is to learn about the tie and dye Craft specialization, its value and diversity, to develop and promote tie and dye items in the fashion business. Tie and dye are type of resist dyeing, which involves tying the cloth and making manipulations before dyeing them. These manipulations are called resists and prevent the applied colour from coloring the fabric. The uniqueness of tie and dye lies in producing rich visual effects of colors on the fabric through “tying” and “dyeing” the fabric. The art of tie and dye has survived the passage of time and is practiced around the globe even today. In this research two different products like wall hanging and pot holders are created using macramé technique. The cords used are tie and dyed. The products were also checked for its marketability using a survey.
Smart Dustbin using IOT
Authors: Prabhakaran S , M Yugeshkrishnan , M Santhiya , Kumar S M Danush
Published: July 2023

Living in a technological world that is upgrading day by day, there is one major problem that should be dealt with. Garbage, which is the issue preventing us from developing into a sanitary, clean, and healthy society. In our daily lives, we frequently encounter trash cans that are overflowing with junk. Neither our environment nor our growth benefit from situations like this. Due to the abundance of flies and mosquitoes that breed on the garbage, this issue has a significant negative impact on health. As a result, this project is designed to prevent the trashcan from becoming overfilled by giving it the ability to alert itself when it needs to be cleaned. The smart trash bin system in this project is built on a microcontroller and has ultrasonic sensors on each of the two trash cans to display the garbage's current status on an LCD screen and a smartphone.
Content addressable memory for energy efficient computing applications
Authors: Kumar S. , Santhanalakshmi M. , Navaneethakrishnan R.
Published: July 2023

Content Addressable Memory (CAM) also known as associate memory isa special kind of semiconductor memory device that works differently from conventional Random Access Memory (RAM). A Content Addressable Memory is a memory unit that matches content over a single clock rather than using addresses. Its inherent parallel search mechanism makes it more advantageous than RAM in terms of speed of search operation. Designers aim to reduce two design characteristics: increasing silicon size and power consumption. As the need for CAM increases, the problem of power consumption also increases. Recent research on CAM is concentrated around diminishing power utilization without forfeiting speed or area. The main reason for the high-power consumption in conventional CAM architecture is devoid of control over the voltage on the Match Line recharge and Search Line precharge. A novel CAM architecture is proposed by removing the necessity of the search line recharge and also by introducing a transistor with gate connected to ML_Eval input that act as a control over the search operation. An Extra transistor with gate connected to Mask_Bar decides whether the circuit can be operated as Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) or Binary Content Addressable Memory (Bi-CAM). This CAM Architecture is found to be power efficient up to 50% due to the control over recharged voltage on ML. It is also inferred that the delay associated with the search operation can be reduced to a certain extent. The proposed CAM architecture is simulated using Cadence Virtuoso IC 6.1.6 in General Process Design Kit (GPDK) with90nm technology.
Response of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties to Blended NPSB Fertilizer Levels in Sori Saylem District, South-West Ethiopia
Authors: Zewide Isreal , Hajigame Abde S. , Wondimu Wondwosen , Adimasu Kibinesh
Published: July 2023

In Ethiopia, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important source of food and income for smallholder farmers. However, its productivity is very low, which is attributed to poor agronomic and soil fertility management practices. Wheat production in most areas of Ethiopia is affected by (macro and micronutrient) deficiencies that affect soil fertility and crop yield. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out in order to ascertain the response of bread wheat varieties to different levels of blended NPSB fertilizer at Sori Saylem district during the year 2020–2021. The experiment was consisted of four rates of blended NPSB (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) and three varieties (Simba, Ogolichu, and Shorima) with factorial configuration in a randomized complete block design, three times replicated and analysed by using SAS 2015 (version 9.4). The results showed that the application of NPSB fertilizer rate and bread wheat cultivars significantly affected the plant height, total number of tillers, effective number of tillers, spike length, kernel per spike, biomass yield, grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, and straw yield. As a result, 150 kg ha-1 blended NPSB fertilizer application with Shorima variety yielded the maximum grain yield (5,952.38 kg ha-1) and highest net benefit (122,267 ETB ha-1) with low marginal rate of return. The correlation analysis also shows positive values in all parameters except the harvest index. Therefore, 150 kg ha-1 blended NPSB fertilizer with Shorima variety can be recommended in the district.
Impact of selected macroeconomic variables on economic growth in Ethiopia: A time series analysis
Authors: Shah Showkat Ahmad , Gizaw Netsanet
Published: July 2023

Our study examines the conventional wisdom that causality runs from selected macroeconomic variables to economic growth in Ethiopia. Time series data from 1975 to 2018 were used to determining short and long run relationship among variables. A Johansen’s Cointegration test was used to investigate the presence of long run equilibrium relationship between variables while the Vector Error Correction Model and Granger Causality were used to test the short and long run causality direction between variables. The data were derived from the National Bank of Ethiopia (2020) and World Bank report (2020). Findings reveal that domestic savings, capital formation, exchange rate and price inflation have a positive and significant impact on long-run growth, although they have an insignificant impact in the short run. The result of causality generated a bidirectional association running from trade openness and domestic saving to growth. Unidirectional causality is exhibited between the rest of the variables and economic growth. The estimated coefficient of error correction term was found -0.3751, showing that any deviations from long run equilibrium are corrected are at 37.51% annually and converge towards its long run steady state path. This indicates a signal that long run policy towards inspire selected macro variables has a significant impact on growth.
Concise Study on Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Continuing Professional Development in Cambodian High Schools
Authors: Sey Kassy
Published: July 2023

This concise study was mainly about the perceptions of teachers toward continuing professional development (CPD). A qualitative method was employed to gather participants' information and ideas. Two-main questions and several sub-questions were designed to interview the respondents to address the research issue. Findings suggested that continuing professional development (CPD) is essential for teachers and school leaders to develop their mindsets and growth; moreover, most respondents agreed that CPD is crucial for self-development. However, one respondent felt that the school lacked teacher training. This can be notified that school leaders shall create more CPD activities for improving their colleagues. Moreover, without continuing professional development (CPD), teachers and staff will not become well-educated and knowledgeable human resources. Hence, lifelong Learning is a must for oneself to be promoted or to a successful life journey. Last but not least, this study implied that school leaders' and teachers’ perceptions were slightly different regarding CPD. Further study shall focus on teachers’ satisfaction regarding continuing professional development (CPD).
ANTHROPOMETRY ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TRIBAL ADOLESCENT GIRLS OF KEONJHAR DISTRICT, ODISHA
Authors: VIJAYETA PRIYADARSHINI*
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted in year 2021 -2022 in Keonjhar district of Odisha, in which 45% of the population belongs to tribal community. The study was conducted in five tribal dominated blocks of Keonjhar (Banspal, Keonjhar, Harichandanpur, Joda, Ghatgaon) among 301 adolescent girls aged between 16 and 18 years. The study revealed that the average height of the tribal adolescent girls was 149.82±2.265 cm, body weight was 39.126±0.022 kg and BMI was 17.43351±1.059 kg m-2. The mean weight, height was found to be less than that of 50th percentile of NCHS standards in every age group. Only 20.6% of tribal adolescent girls were found to be within the normal range of BMI value (18.5-22.9 kg m-2) and the rest 79.4% were underweight (< 18.5 kg m-2 ) category. The research revealed that there was a statistically significant association between number of family members, family income and socio-economic status with BMI. However, no significant association was found in between age and educational qualification of the respondents with BMI value
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Konpensasi Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Menggunakan Aset Direksi (Studi Kasus Akta Perdamaian Nomor 1404/PDT.G/2021/PN.TNG)
Authors: Solihin
Published: July 2023

Whereas in labor relations there are often obstacles, such as termination of employment. For workers, this study uses a normative juridical approach, in the form of a case approach by conducting a study of related cases, which have become court decisions that have permanent legal force. The case study in this research is related to the Deed of Peace Number 1404/Pdt.G/2021/PN.Tng. This study aims to determine the legal protection of compensation rights for termination of employment using directors' assets and the constraints faced. The results of this study explain that termination of employment for workers at PT. Aemka Putra Satria towards 6 (six) workers who have worked for 15 years. Due to the company's incompetence, and there are no company assets that can be used to pay for workers' rights, the good faith and moral responsibility of the directors, a Debt Payment Agreement (Severance Payment) was made on November 28, 2019. The value of workers' rights is Rp. 900,000.000 (nine hundred million rupiah). Will be paid by selling the directors' personal assets in the form of land with a Certificate of Ownership No. 07578 which is located in Gang Ronyok Binong Tangerang with an area of ​​775 m2 with estimated sales of Rp. 1,550,000,000. Because there was no realization of the agreement, the workers through their attorneys filed a lawsuit for default at the Tangerang District Court on December 23, 2021. Based on the results of mediation, a Peace Agreement was produced to be determined in the settlement of peace (acta van dading). Based on the Deed of Peace Number 1404/Pdt.G/2021/PN.Tng, the Panel of Judges at the Tangerang District Court determined the peace agreement in the Establishment of the Deed of Peace, in which the parties must comply with the agreement of the parties that had been approved.
Strategi Guru dalam Menanamkan Sikap Saling Menghargai Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Putri Gisella Amelia , Lia Inayah Kesi , Akrima Nessa Mezhila , Dinata Serica Aulia
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the strategies used by teachers in instilling mutual respect in elementary school students. Mutual respect is a fundamental value that needs to be instilled from an early age in order to create a harmonious and inclusive learning environment. This research identified several effective strategies that teachers can use to develop mutual respect in the classroom.This research is based on qualitative research methods involving classroom observations, teacher interviews, and content analysis of relevant learning materials. The results of the study show that teachers play a key role in building mutual respect through various strategies.
Histopathological and Biochemical Evaluation of Albendazole in the Treatment of Infected Mice with Hydatid Cyst
Authors: Haji Mohammadi Khadijeh , Heidarpour Mohammad , Moosavi Zahra , Borji Hassan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Hydatidosis, caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, is a prevalent parasitic disease affecting both humans and animals. Albendazole is currently the most effective drug for treating hydatid cysts. This research aimed to investigate the histopathological and biochemical effects of Albendazole on the liver, lung, and kidney of mice experimentally infected by hydatid cysts.
Materials and methods: A total of 20 mice weighing approximately 220 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into the Albendazole group (100 mg/kg/day) and the control group (infected Rats without treatment). At the end of the experiment, tissue samples from the liver, lung, and kidney were collected for histopathological evaluation. Liver blood tests were used to assess liver functions or liver injury (alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and bilirubin).
Results: After 30 days of daily treatment, the total numbers of cysts, size, and weight of the largest cyst were significantly lower in the Albendazole group, compared to the control group. The study addressed histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and lungs caused by hydatid cysts, such as tissue necrosis, hemorrhage, and local inflammation, indicating the potential for serious complications and significant damage to these organs. The group treated with Albendazole showed severe histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and lungs, compared to the control group. This suggests that Albendazole may trigger a more aggressive response in these organs to the cysts, leading to increased tissue damage. In addition, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and bilirubin concentrations revealed a significant increase in the Albendazole group.
Conclusion: While Albendazole is an effective drug for treating hydatidosis, it can also cause severe side effects on various organs in the body. Therefore, alternative treatment strategies need to be developed to minimize these adverse effects.
Antiparasitic Properties of Allium sativum: Can it be Used as a Complementary Treatment for Echinococcosis?
Authors: Qaemifar Nasim , Borji Hassan , Adhami Ghazaleh
Published: July 2023

Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) is a parasitic tapeworm that can infect humans and various animal species, causing echinococcosis or hydatid disease. The larval stage of E. granulosus causes this infection and can have serious consequences if left untreated. The larvae hatch in the intermediate host's small intestine and then migrate to the liver or lungs, forming cysts that can grow to several centimeters. Garlic, a plant species scientifically known as Allium Sativum, is used for medicinal purposes due to its various sulfur compounds. This review article aims to critically evaluate the potential of garlic as a natural treatment for echinococcosis, a parasitic disease caused by E. granulosus, based on the available scientific evidence. Garlic have been demonstrated to have antiparasitic effects and can enhance the immune response against E. granulosus. Garlic may inhibit the growth and development of cysts in infected animals and have immunomodulatory effects. Garlic treatment could significantly reduce the number and size of cysts in infected mice. The present review aimed to highlight the potential of garlic as a natural treatment for echinococcosis but emphasized the importance of seeking medical treatment under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Comparative Analysis of Results of Transbronchial Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes with Flexible and Rigid Tracheobronchoscopy for Verification of Mediastinal Lymphadenopathies
Authors: Samorodov N. A. , Miziev I. A. , Sabanchieva Zh. Kh. , Elgarova L. V.
Published: July 2023

The objective: to analyze results of TBNA for diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy performed with flexible and rigid tracheobronchoscopy with needles of different diameters.

Subjects and Methods. We analyzed data of 194 patients who underwent TBNA with fibrobronchoscopy (Group 1) or rigid bronchoscopy (Group 2) for mediastinal lymphadenopathy of uncertain etiology.

Results. The overall diagnostic efficacy of the biopsy was 90,7%, while in case of tumors, the sensitivity was 89,5% and specificity was 97,5%, in case of respiratory sarcoidosis, they were 92,5% and 85,9%, respectively. Better diagnostic efficacy rates were observed in Group 1 (flexible bronchoscopy with 19G puncture needles) versus Group 2 (rigid bronchoscopy with 16G puncture needles) which may be due to the small number of biopsies in Group 2.
The Incidence of Comorbidities in New Adult Tuberculosis Cases
Authors: Gudieva I. R. , Maliev B. M. , Kobesov N. V. , Basieva O. Z. , Sterlikov S. A.
Published: July 2023

The objective: to determine the potential impact of particular nosologies and their groups on the risk of developing tuberculosis.

Subjects and Methods. The incidence of particular nosologies and their groups standardized by gender and age in new tuberculosis cases detected in 2020 was compared to the general incidence of those nosologies among population of RNO-Alania. Relative risk (RR) and statistical significance of differences (p) were determined.

Results. RR of type I diabetes mellitus (DM) in tuberculosis patients to the overall incidence of the entire population was 9,5 (p<0,001); RR of viral hepatitis – 6,4 (p<0,001); mental disorders – 3.2 (p<0,001); type II DM – 2,6 (p<0,001); chronic nonspecific lung diseases (CNLD) – 2,3 (p=0,005). There was no excess of RR for digestive diseases (RR=0,9; p=0,9). The role of genitourinary diseases could not be verified due to the lack of observations.
Functional and Radiological Assessment of the Respiratory System in Patients with Impaired Lung Diffusion Capacity in the Post-COVID Period
Authors: Glushkova T. V. , Leschenko I. V. , Skornyakov N. , Savelyev A. V.
Published: July 2023

The objective: to evaluate functional and radiological data of the respiratory system assessment in patients with impaired lung diffusion capacity in the post-COVID period.

Subjects and Methods. Clinical, functional and radiological data were analyzed and compared in the patients divided into two groups according to the degree of lung diffusion capacity (LDC) impairment measured by carbon monoxide (Dlco) after 180 (135–196) days from the onset of acute symptoms of COVID-19: Group 1 included patients with Dlco of 80–60%, and Group 2 included patients with Dlco less than 60%. The lung functions were assessed by spirometry, body plethysmography and the Dlco level measurement. The data of CT scans of patients performed in the acute period of COVID-19, after 93 (89–103) days and 180 (135–196) days from the onset of acute symptoms were analyzed.

Results. The patients of Group 2 developed a severe form of COVID-19 statistically significantly more often, they required high-flow oxygen therapy (HFO) and stayed in the intensive care unit (ICU): 13/20 (65%), 11/20 (55%), 10/20 (50%) versus 8/24

(33,3%), 2/24 (8,3%) and 3/24 (13,5%) in the patients of Group 2, respectively. The level of Dlco (%) after 93 (89–103) days and 180 (135–196) days in Groups 1 and 2 made 66 (64–71) and 71 (67–73) versus 45 (41–53) and 51(47–58), respectively (p<0,05). Honeycombing changes in the lungs were detected by chest CT only in the patients of Group 2 – 16.7% on 93 (89–103) and 180 (135–196) days of observation, respectively.

Conclusion. A severe form of COVID-19, stay in the ICU and additional oxygen support are the factors indicating an unfavorable functional state of the respiratory system and presence of irreversible changes in the lung tissue in the post-COVID period.
Bedaquiline Efficacy in the Russian Federation: Meta-analysis with a Random Effects Model
Authors: Starshinova A. A. , Dovgalyuk I. F. , Osipov N. N. , Kudlay D. A.
Published: July 2023

The objective: to determine the rate of treatment success in MDR and XDR pulmonary tuberculosis patients when treated with chemotherapy regimens containing bedaquiline based on a meta-analysis using mathematical modeling.

Subjects and Methods. We searched and analyzed published studies of bedaquiline conducted from 2014 to 2022 in the Russian Federation. A total of 41 publications were found, of which 15 were included in the meta-analysis since they contained data eligible for analysis. They presented treatment results of 1,356 TB patients, 886 (65,3%) patients had MDR TB, and 470 (34,7%) had XDR TB (according to the definition as of 2020). All of them received bedaquiline within the standard regimen for 24–26 weeks.

Results. According to the meta-analysis results, when using treatment regimens containing bedaquiline in MDR/XDR TB patients, sputum conversion was achieved in 79,6% (95% CI 75,1–83,4) of cases, and effective treatment was observed in 82,0% (95% CI 78,6–84.9) of cases. Treatment default was noted in 8,7% (95% CI 5,7–13,1) of cases. At the same time, there is a statistically significant relationship (p<0,01) between the proportion of patients with comorbidities and the proportion of patients with incomplete treatment. Lethal outcomes were recorded in 5,8% (95% CI 3,6–9,2), which were associated with the severe course of tuberculosis and concomitant pathology. Bedaquiline was canceled in 7,8% (95% CI 4,0–13,5) of cases. When analyzing the data of patients with MDR TB and XDR TB separately, treatment efficacy differed and amounted to 89,9% (95% CI 85,9–92,9) versus 71,9% (95% CI 66,3–76,8), respectively.
Comparison of the Correct Use of Different Types of Inhalers in Patients with COPD and Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Vizel A. A. , Rezyapova A. I. , Vizel I. Yu.
Published: July 2023

The objective: to compare the correct use of different types of inhalers in patients with COPD and bronchial asthma.

Subjects and Methods. 100 patients with COPD and 108 patients with BA were examined. Nine devices were evaluated – a metered dose inhaler (MDI), Rapihaler, Respimat, Breezhaler, CDM, Turbuhaler, Genuair, Spiromax, and Ellipta. The application technique was assessed before the patient read the use instructions and was governed by his intuition, after reading the use instructions, and after training in the inhalation technique by the investigating physician.

Results. When COPD patients used inhalers by intuition, they managed to use them successfully in more than 30% of cases with Ellipta, Breezhaler, and Spiromax. After reading the use instructions, the correct use was achieved in 80% of cases when using CDM inhaler, Spiromax, Genuair, and Ellipta. Training conducted by the physician resulted in 100% success rate for Spiromax, Genuair, Ellipta, Breezhaler, and CDM inhaler. With asthma patients using inhalers by intuition, the correct use was observed in more than 50% of cases with Spiromax, Ellipta, Rapihaler, and MDI. After reading the instructions, the correct use was achieved in 80% of cases with CDM inhaler, Spiromax, Ellipta, CDM inhaler, Breezhaler, and Genuair. Training conducted by the physician allowed achieving 100% success rate for Spiromax, Ellipta, Breezhaler, and CDM inhaler.

Conclusion. Inhalers vary significantly by the patients’ ability to use them correctly. Asthma patients master the correct inhalation technique better versus COPD patients. Liquid inhalers were more difficult to be used correctly, and the best results were observed with multi-dose powder inhalers. The patient’s training by a healthcare professional is critical to assure the correct use of inhalers.
Problema do nível de serviço na localização de bases de veículos de resgate
Authors: Santos Fortes Luis Eduardo , Mattos Ribeiro Glaydston , Bahiense Laura , González Pedro Henrique
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo apresenta o problema da localização de bases de veículos de resgate aplicado à Zona Oeste do município do Rio de Janeiro, levando-se em conta não somente a localização das facilidades em relação aos pontos de demanda, mas também a parcela da população que será capaz de ser atendida dentro de níveis de serviço prédeterminados, com o objetivo de avaliar o atendimento de emergência realizado pelos serviços médicos de emergência em determinadas condições de operação. Após o desenvolvimento e aplicação de um modelo de otimização que acrescenta o nível de serviço ofertado ao problema da localização de facilidades, constatam-se os efeitos negativos de configurações subdimensionadas e da baixa qualidade na prestação do serviço, sendo tal sistema incapaz de atender em tempo hábil, com probabilidades altas, a demanda por atendimentos.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PEMBINAAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU DI SMK DARUNNAJAH CIPINING
Authors: Syahid Nur Arifin  , Mustafa Zahir  , Taufik Nur Azis  , Farid Ahmad
Published: July 2023

Teacher professional competence is very important because it is something that every teacher must have to make quality and carry out the duties of an educator properly. One way to make the competence of a teacher or an educator is by coaching. The development of this competency is very important and needs to be done for a teacher or an educator to make it more effective and efficient in the application of teaching. Descriptive qualitative research method is the method used in this study. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. From the results of the study, it was found that the implementation of the teacher professional competence development program at Darunnajah Cipining Vocational School was quite good including: MGMP, Taftisy I'dad, Kamisan, Ta'hil, In House Training and Khutbatul 'Arsy, Teacher Supervision (Supervision) and Appreciation (Motivation). From the results of this study, the authors recommend that Darunnajah Cipining Vocational School educational institutions should further improve teacher professional competency development.

Keywords: Implementation, Coaching, Competence