bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TÜRKİYE’DE SOSYAL KORUMA YARDIMLARI: SOSYAL YARDIMLAŞMA VE DAYANIŞMA VAKIFLARININ İŞLEVSELLİĞİ
Authors: YILMAZ Selman , AKYÜZ Kasım
Published: January 2019

Tarih boyunca her devlet az ya da çok vatandaşlarının refahını artırmayı istemiştir. Sanayi devrimi ve onun bir parçası olarak kentleşmenin hızla artmasıyla devletlerin sosyal refahı sağlamak için aldıkları önlemler de artmıştır. Modern zamanlarda birçok devlet “sosyal devlet” olma yolunda sosyal sınıf farklılıklarını en aza indirmeyi ve alt sosyal tabakaların sosyo-ekonomik düzeyini iyileştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu çaba içerisinde devletler tarafından sağlanan sosyal koruma yardımları önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmamızda sosyal koruma yardımları bağlamında Sosyal Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Vakıflarının işlevselliği incelenecektir. Günümüzde Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı’na bağlı olarak çalışan bu vakıflar bir devlet politikası olarak vatandaşların refahını artırmayı hedeflemektedir. Araştırmamız sosyal koruma yardımlarının birçok alanda verildiğini ve bu konuda devletin alicenap davranarak yardım miktarlarını son yıllarda önemli ölçüde artırarak birçok yeni kalemde yardım faaliyetinde bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte AB ve OECD üyesi ülkelerle karşılaştırdığımızda, sosyal koruma yardımları konusunda hala atmamız gereken birçok adımın olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır.
The natural history of autoimmune Addison’s disease from the detection of autoantibodies to development of the disease: a long-term follow-up study on 143 patients
Authors: Naletto Lara , Frigo Anna Chiara , Ceccato Filippo , Sabbadin Chiara , Scarpa Riccardo , Presotto Fabio , Dalla Costa Miriam , Faggian Diego , Plebani Mario , Censi Simona , Manso Jacopo , Furmaniak Jadwiga , Chen Shu , Rees Smith Bernard , Masiero Stefano , Pigliaru Francesca , Boscaro Marco , Scaroni Carla , Betterle Corrado
Published: January 2019

Background

Adrenal cortex autoantibodies (ACAs) and/or 21-hydroxylase (21OHAb) are markers of autoimmune Addison’s disease (AAD) and progression to overt AAD. The reported cumulative risk of developing AAD varies from 0 to 90% in different studies.

Aim

To assess the predictive value of different parameters in the progression toward AAD in patients with ACA and/or 21OHAb-positive patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS).

Materials and methods

Twenty-nine patients with APS-1 and 114 patients with APS-2 or APS-4 were followed up for a median of 10 years (range 6 months to 33 years) and were assessed using ACTH test. The risk of AAD was estimated according to age, gender, stage of adrenal dysfunction, associated diseases and antibody titer. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used for statistical analysis.

Results

The cumulative risk (CR) of developing AAD was higher in APS-1 patients (94.2%) than in patients with APS-2/APS-4 (38.7%). The CR was high in both male and female APS-1 patients, while in patients with APS-2/APS-4 it was high only in males. Stage 1 (increased plasma renin) for patients with APS-1 and Stage 2 (no response of cortisol to ACTH test) for patients with APS-2/APS-4 were established as the points of no return in the progression to AAD. Adjusted hazard ratio analyses by multivariate Cox model for AAD showed that gender, diseases and adrenal function were independent risk factors for developing clinical AAD. The risk of developing clinical AAD appears to subside after 19 years of follow-up.

Conclusions

A model for estimating the probability to survive free of AAD has been developed and should be a useful tool in designing appropriate follow-up intervals and future therapeutic strategies.
Emerging role for SRC family kinases in junction dynamics during spermatogenesis
Authors: Xiao Xiang , Yang Yue , Mao Baiping , Cheng C Yan , Ni Ya
Published: January 2019

SRC family kinases (SFKs) are known regulators of multiple cellular events, including cell movement, differentiation, proliferation, survival and apoptosis. SFKs are expressed virtually by all mammalian cells. They are non-receptor protein kinases that phosphorylate a variety of cellular proteins on tyrosine, leading to the activation of protein targets in response to environmental stimuli. Among SFKs, SRC, YES and FYN are the ubiquitously expressed and best studied members. In fact, SRC, the prototypical SFK, was the first tyrosine kinase identified in mammalian cells. Studies have shown that SFKs are regulators of cell junctions, and function in endocytosis and membrane trafficking to regulate junction restructuring events. Herein, we briefly summarize the recent findings in the field regarding the role of SFKs in the testis in regulating spermatogenesis, particularly in Sertoli–Sertoli and Sertoli–germ cell adhesion. While it is almost 50 years since the identification of the oncogene v-Src encoded by Rous sarcoma transforming virus, the understanding of SFK involvement during spermatogenesis in the testis remains far behind that in other epithelia and tissues. The goal of this review is to bridge this gap.
Improved endothelialization of small-diameter ePTFE vascular grafts through growth factor therapy
Authors: Hytönen Jarkko P , Leppänen Olli , Taavitsainen Jouni , Korpisalo Petra , Laidinen Svetlana , Alitalo Kari , Wadström Jonas , Rissanen Tuomas T , Ylä-Herttuala Seppo
Published: January 2019

Background

Prosthetic vascular grafts in humans characteristically lack confluent endothelialization regardless of the duration of implantation. Use of high-porosity grafts has been proposed as a way to induce endothelialization through transgraft capillarization, although early experiments failed to show increased healing in man.

Objectives

We hypothesized that transduction of tissues around the prosthetic conduit with vectors encoding VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) ligands would augment transinterstitial capillarization and induce luminal endothelialization of high-porosity ePTFE grafts.

Methods

Fifty-two NZW rabbits received 87 ePTFE uni- or bilateral end-to-end interposition grafts in carotid arteries. Rabbits were randomized to local therapy with adenoviruses encoding AdVEGF-A165, AdVEGF-A109 or control AdLacZ and analyzed at 6 and 28 days after surgery by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and histology.

Results

AdVEGF-A165 and AdVEGF-A109 dramatically increased perfusion in perigraft tissues at 6 days (14.2 ± 3.6 or 16.7 ± 2.6-fold increases, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). At 28 days, the effect was no longer significantly higher than baseline. At 6 days, no luminal endothelialization was observed in any of the groups. At 28 days, AdVEGF-A109- and AdVEGF-A165-treated animals showed enhanced ingrowth of transinterstitial capillaries (66.0 ± 13.7% and 77.4 ± 15.7% of graft thickness vs 44.7 ± 24.4% in controls, P < 0.05) and improved luminal endothelialization (11.2 ± 26.3% and 11.4 ± 22.2%, AdVEGF-A109 and AdVEGF-A165 vs 0% in controls, P < 0.05). No increased stenosis was observed in the treatment groups as compared to LacZ controls.

Conclusions

This study suggests that transient local overexpression of VEGFR2 ligands in the peri-implant tissues at the time of graft implantation is a novel strategy to increase endothelialization of high-porosity ePTFE vascular grafts and improve the patency of small-diameter vascular prostheses.
RISK FACTORS OF HIGH INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE AND THE RELATED OUTCOMES IN SUBJECTS WITH SEVERE HEAD INJURY IN SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL DENPASAR
Authors: Niryana Wayan
Published: January 2019

Background: Severe head injury management target is to prevent the secondary brain injury characterized by deterioration in the outcome. High intracranial pressure (ICP) and low cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) could cause unfavourable outcomes which is inﬂuenced by many factors, such as hypoxia and haemorrhage lesions pictured on head CT scan. This study analyzes various risk factors that can lead to increased ICP and the inﬂuence of high ICP on the outcome.Methods: This study is a prospective cohort, involving 42 consecutive subjects with severe head injury patients from June to October 2016. The subjects underwent examination for blood pressure, blood gas analysis, and head CT scan. ICP monitoring was then performed and the outcome was assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale score when the patient was discharged. In this study, risk factors such as hypoxia, hypotension, and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 27 with a confdence interval of 95%.Result: There were two risk factors that signifcantly inﬂuenced the increase of ICP, which were hypotension (RR 0.27; 95CI 0.095-0.775; p<0.001) and hypoxia (RR 0.125; 95CI 0.034-0.457; p<0.001). High ICP value ≥ 20 mmHg was associated with an unfavourable outcome(RR 2.28; 95CI 1.31-3.98; p<0.001).Conclusion: Hypoxia and hypotension were two risk factors that signifcantly inﬂuenced the increase of ICP, where high ICP caused the unfavourable outcome.
CERVICAL GUNSHOT INJURY
Authors: Nicolas Gede Andry , Koerniawan Heru Sutanto , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus
Published: January 2019

The incident of cervical spine injury and cervical spinal cord injury is between 2.0% to 5.0%. The advanced trauma life support (ATLS) stated that a patient with multiple traumas should be assumed tohave cervical spine injury especially if the patient loses consciousness when present in the ER. It is stressed that cervical spine injury requires continuous immobilization of the patient’s entire body using a semirigid collar as well as a backboard with tape and straps before and during transfer to a defnitive care facility. The understanding of the mechanism of injury is the most important as the forces transferred are signifcantly diﬀerent causing diﬀerent injuries. A serial case reported by Walter and Adkins found that there was no signifcant diﬀerence between the patients that have a bullet removed from the neck and patients that have a bullet left in the cervical cord. In both cases, there was no improvement to the neurologic outcome. Kupcha recommends doing selective wound management and observation of retained intracanal bullet fragments in a patient with complete lesion. Surgical decompression after the injury is not recommended. We report a case of 14 year old boy who was treated at Sanglah Hospital referred froman out-of-island Type C Hospital with a spinal cord injury - American Spinal Injury Association A (SCI ASIA A) caused by a gunshot wound in the cervical. Surgical decompression and bullet removal was performedas well as fusion stabilization. He is then treated in the intensive care unit for 48 hours with a slight improvement in motoric of upper and lower extremities.
Partial Explantation of Failed Dental Implants Placed in Mandibular Canal: A Case Report
Authors: Sahl Erik , Alqahtani Ali , Alqahtani Nasser M , Gallez Fabrice
Published: January 2019

One of the most important concerns during posterior mandibular implant placement is avoiding the mandibular canal. Nerve injury can be very disturbing to the patient, possibly causing mild paresthesia to complete anesthesia. Explantation of a dental implant that gas violated the mandibular canal is the most recommended treatment. However, an osseointegrated implant that placed in the mandibular canal can be left if the patient shows no symptoms. In this case report, we describe a technique to maintain the apexes of the implants while partially removing fractured osseointegrated implants previously placed in the mandibular canal.
Doktryna katarska – ewangeliczne chrześcijaństwo czy import ze Wschodu?
Authors: Czarnecki Piotr
Published: January 2019

Głównym celem artykułu jest weryfikacja coraz popularniejszej w obecnych czasach interpretacji genezy katarskiej doktryny, zakładającej, że powstała ona w oderwaniu od wpływów bogomilskich, jedynie w opar­ciu o odmienną interpretację Pisma Świętego. Według tej koncepcji interpretacyjnej istniejącej już od lat 50. XX wieku katarzy byli ewangelicznymi reformatorami, dążącymi do odnowy Kościoła w oparciu o Pismo Święte Nowego Testamentu. Kontakty z bogomiłami mieli nawiązać dopiero w XIII wieku, kiedy ich doktryna była całkowicie ukształtowana. Dokładna analiza źródeł wskazuje jednak, że taka interpretacja jest trudna do utrzymania i to nie tylko ze względu na jednoznaczne wzmianki świadczące o kontaktach katarsko-bogomilskich począwszy od lat 60. XII wieku Również szczegółowa analiza fundamentów doktryn katarskich, będących wyznaczni­kiem tej herezji na poziomie teologii, kosmologii, antropologii, chrysto­logii i sakramentologii wskazuje jednoznacznie, że nie mogły się one rozwinąć bez wpływów bogomilskich, jedynie na podstawie analizy Pisma Świętego. Uderzające podobieństwa kluczowych wątków mitologii katarskiej do ich bogomilskich odpowiedników, jak również analogie na poziomie egzegezy biblijnej wskazują jednoznacznie, że doktryna kataryzmu nie mogła powstać niezależnie na Zachodzie, lecz była importem ze Wschodu.
К вопросу о том, почему конфессиональный фактор не стал определяющим во втором разделе Речи Посполитой
Authors: Аниперков Вадим
Published: January 2019

К вопросу о том, почему конфессиональный фактор не стал определяющим во втором разделе Речи Посполитой. Статья посвящена анализу содержания российских военно-политических проектов 1789–1791 гг. по инициированию и использованию в собственных целях волнений православного населения в юго-восточных регионах Речи Посполитой. Эти проекты – представленные в виде различных записок, писем и распоряжений Г. А. Потёмкина – получили предварительное одобрение Екатерины II, которая была намерена использовать их в случае начала военного конфликта с участием Речи Посполитой и невыгодным для России соотношением сил. Определены четыре главные причины, не позволившие реализоваться данным планам: ослабление российского влияния среди диссидентов Речи Посполитой в период Четырёхлетнего сейма (1788–1792); изменения на международной арене, снизившие угрозу одновременного нападения на Россию ряда европейских государств; неблагоприятная для Г. А. Потёмкина дворцовая конъюнктура, связанная с усилением роли нового фаворита – П. А. Зубова; наконец – влияние Французской революции, заставившее Екатерину II воздержаться от поддержки в Речи Посполитой нижних слоёв населения, к которым относилось большинство местного православного населения. Отказ Екатерины II от развязывания в Правобережной Украине сословно-религиозной войны указывается в работе как один из факторов, обусловивший в скором времени осуществление альтернативного сценария российского военного вмешательства во внутренние дела Речи Посполитой – в виде cоздания Тарговицкой конфедерации.
Межконфессиональный конфликт в Ирландии в 1916–1923 гг. как исторический миф: проблема интерпретации в историографии конца ХХ – начала XXI вв.
Authors: Белявский Александр
Published: January 2019

Межконфессиональный конфликт в Ирландии в 1916–1923 гг. как исторический миф: проблема интерпретации в историографии конца ХХ – начала XXI вв. С 1980–х гг. в ирландской историографии разворачивается интенсивная полемика по проблеме «ревизионизма», вызванная попыткой пересмотра и «де-мифологизации» некоторыми историками ряда важных исторических событий и персоналий. Одним из таких событий является ирландская революция 1916 – 1923 гг.: как ее следует интерпретировать, как политический или этно-конфессио­наль­ный конфликт? В статье представлены основные доводы полемизирующих сторон, ревизионистов и националистов, и делается попытка выяснить, насколько типичным может быть ирландский «ревизионизм» в общем контексте постколониальной историографии и каковы причины его появления.
Impact of Comorbidities and Age on Cause-Specific Mortality in Postmenopausal Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Derks Marloes G.M. , van de Velde Cornelis J.H. , Giardiello Daniele , Seynaeve Caroline , Putter Hein , Nortier Johan W.R. , Dirix Luc Y. , Bastiaannet Esther , Portielje Johanneke E.A. , Liefers Gerrit-Jan
Published: January 2019

Background

The aim was to study the impact of comorbidities and age on breast cancer mortality, taking into account competing causes of death.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

Cohort analysis of Dutch and Belgian patients with postmenopausal, early hormone receptor-positive breast cancer included in the Tamoxifen and Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational (TEAM) trial between 2001 and 2006. This is a randomized controlled trial of patients who had completed local treatment with curative intent and were randomized to receive exemestane for 5 years, or sequential treatment of tamoxifen followed by exemestane for a duration of 5 years. Patients were categorized by number of comorbidities (no comorbidities, 1–2 comorbidities, and >2 comorbidities) and age (<70 years and ≥70 years). Main outcome was breast cancer mortality considering other-cause mortality as competing event; cumulative incidences were calculated using the Cumulative Incidence Competing Risk Methods, and the Fine and Gray model was used to calculate the effect of age and comorbidities for the cause-specific incidences of breast cancer death, taking into account the effect of competing causes of death.

Results

Overall, 3,159 patients were included, of which 2,203 (69.7%) were aged <70 years and 956 (30.3%) were aged ≥70 years at diagnosis. Cumulative incidence of breast cancer mortality was higher among patients ≥70 without comorbidities (22.2%, 95% CI, 17.5–26.9) compared with patients <70 without comorbidities (15.6%, 95% CI, 13.6–17.7, reference group), multivariable subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) 1.49 (95% CI, 1.12–1.97, p = .005) after a median follow-up of 10 years. Use of chemotherapy was lower in older patients (1%, irrespective of the number of comorbidities) compared with younger patients (50%, 44%, and 38% for patients with no, 1–2, or >2 comorbidities, p < .001).

Conclusion

Older patients without comorbidities have a higher risk of dying due to breast cancer than younger counterparts, even when taking into account higher competing mortality, while use of chemotherapy in this group was low. These findings underline the need to take into account comorbidities, age, and competing mortality in the prognosis of breast cancer for accurate decision making.
Large-Scale, Prospective Observational Study of Regorafenib in Japanese Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Real-World Clinical Setting
Authors: Yamaguchi Kensei , Komatsu Yoshito , Satoh Taroh , Uetake Hiroyuki , Yoshino Takayuki , Nishida Toshirou , Yamazaki Naoya , Takikawa Hajime , Morimoto Takashi , Chosa Masayuki , Sunaya Toshiyuki , Hamada Yoko , Muro Kei , Sugihara Kenichi
Published: January 2019

Background

Regorafenib improved the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who progress after standard therapies in two phase III trials. The present large-scale prospective observational study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of regorafenib administered to Japanese patients with mCRC in real-life setting.

Materials and Methods

Patients with mCRC were prospectively registered and initially received ≤160 mg oral regorafenib daily, at the investigator's discretion, for weeks 1–3 of each 4-week cycle. The study's primary aim was to assess safety, particularly unexpected clinically significant adverse drug reactions (ADRs). A Cox's proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between OS, hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), and baseline characteristics.

Results

We evaluated 1,227 of 1,301 patients (enrolled from March 2013 to May 2015). ADRs occurred in 89.3% of patients (mostly within the first 4 weeks) and were a major reason for discontinuing treatment. The most frequent ADRs were HFSR, liver injury, and hypertension. The cumulative incidence of HFSR and liver injury was higher in patients who initially received 160 mg than in those who received ≤120 mg. The incidence of hypertension and fatigue was similar between groups. Median OS was 6.9 months (95% confidential interval, 6.4–7.4). OS was associated with early onset of HFSR and good performance status (PS) but not with the initial dose.

Conclusion

The outcomes of this study were consistent with those of clinical trials. There were no new safety concerns. Regorafenib treatment would not be recommended for patients with higher PS.
T-Cell Lymphopenia in Patients with Advanced Thyroid Carcinoma Is Associated with Poor Prognosis
Authors: Rabold Katrin , Gielen Paul R. , Kers-Rebel Esther D. , Netea Mihai G. , Smit Jan W.A. , Adema Gosse J. , Netea-Maier Romana T.
Published: January 2019

Background

Aggressive forms of thyroid carcinoma (TC) show an abundant infiltration of immune cells, and this correlates with prognosis. However, little is known about circulating immune cell levels in advanced TC.

Objective

Investigate T-cell and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) levels in peripheral blood of patients with advanced TC and correlate them with survival.

Methods

T cells and MDSCs were quantified by flow cytometry in peripheral blood from nine patients with advanced TC and nine healthy volunteers.

Results

No significant differences in MDSC or regulatory T-cell levels were detected between patients with TC and healthy controls. CD3, CD4, and CD8 T-cell levels were significantly lower in patients with TC. CD3 and CD4 T-cell levels further decreased in patients with survival of less than 1 month.

Conclusion

These data suggest that T-cell lymphopenia in patients with TC indicates an aggressive tumor behavior and might influence therapeutic choices in the future. Restoring T-cell levels may become a potential therapeutic option within the multitarget approaches.
Performance of cement asphalt mortar with nanomaterials
Authors: Wu Xi , Fan Xing-Lang , Jiang Jia-Fei
Published: January 2019

Deterioration of the cement asphalt mortar (CAM) cushion in non-ballast slab track can decrease the safety of high-speed railway lines in service. The improvement in the performance of CAM due to the addition of nanosilica was investigated in this study. The workability, mechanical properties and fatigue behaviour of CAM with nanosilica were determined and compared to those of CAM without nanosilica. The microstructure of the CAM with and without nanosilica was also observed. The results showed that the CAM workability decreased with the addition of nanosilica, but this could be rectified with the correct dosage of superplasticiser. Furthermore, the rate of decrease in compressive strength and flexural strength with increasing temperature was reduced with the addition of nanosilica. Additionally, the fatigue life of the CAM with nanosilica was longer than that of the CAM without nanosilica. Microstructure analysis confirmed that the area of the free asphalt membrane was reduced, which may be responsible for the improved performance of the CAM.
Effect of pH value on the growth and properties of magnesium phosphate cement paste with a large water-to-solid fraction
Authors: Li Mengtian , Zhang Xiao , Han Bin , Tian Dong
Published: January 2019

In this study, the effect of pH value, a neglected but important factor of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) pastes, was investigated to generate new ideas in the field of large water-to-solid (w/s) fraction MPC preparation. To avoid the introduction of impurities, the pH value was controlled by adjusting the proportions of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP). The results showed that the ADP:DAP ratio had strong effects on the setting characteristics, mechanical properties, phase composition and microstructures of the MPC pastes. Regarding the mechanical properties in particular, the variation curve of compressive strength (up to 28 d) exhibited a salient wave peak, which was tremendously different from the variation of the MPC pastes with a low w/s fraction. A speculative theory with a reasonable interpretation is thus proposed.
TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİ FİYAT KATILIKLARININ FAVAR MODELİ İLE ANALİZİ
Authors: KÜÇÜKEFE Bige , DEMİRÖZ Dündar Murat
Published: January 2019

New Keynesian economic
theory is built on the assumption that prices and wages are sticky. Despite the
aggregate data supporting the sticky prices assumption, micro data indicate
that disagregated prices change much faster than conventionally assumed. In
order to explain the disgreement between macro and micro data, we developed a
FAVAR model (Bernanke, Boivin ve Eliasz, 2005) and computed the common and
sector specific components for Turkish economy from 2005:01 to 2014:12. Our
analysis revealed that share of common components in price setting process in
Turkey is inconsistent with high degree of price rigidity.
TÜRKİYE’DE UZUN DÖNEM EKONOMİK BÜYÜMENİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİNİN ARDL, FMOLS, DOLS VE CCR YÖNTEMLERİYLE TAHMİNİ
Authors: ERDOĞAN Levent , TİRYAKİ Ahmet , CEYLAN Reşat
Published: January 2019

Bu
çalışmanın iki amacı vardır; birincisi, Genişletilmiş Neo-Klasik Büyüme
Modeline dayanan bütüncül bir üretim fonksiyonunu temel alarak 1965-2015
yılları arasında ARDL yaklaşımı ile Türkiye’de uzun dönem ekonomik büyümenin
temel belirleyicilerini araştırmaktır. İkincisi ise ARDL yöntemi ile elde
edilen sonuçları yeni eş-bütünleşme metotlarından olan FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR
yöntemlerinden yararlanarak doğrulamak ve elde edilen sonuçların güvenilirliğini
artırmaktır. Ampirik bulgular Türkiye’de uzun dönem ekonomik büyümenin temel
belirleyicilerinin sermaye stokundaki ve enerji tüketimindeki artışların
olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca sonuçlar, literatürün aksine, beşeri
sermayenin ekonomik büyümeye katkısının olmadığını veya varsa zayıf bir
etkisinin olduğunu ifade etmektedir.
Diagnosis, treatment planning and root canal of a lower first premolar with two canals using 3D computed tomography: Case Report
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile., Vásquez Gonzalo , Corsini Gilda ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile., Beltrán Víctor ,   Universidad de La Frontera, Dental School, Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center (CIDIC), Temuco, Chile.
Published: January 2019

The morphology of the root canal system is highly variable and complex. Therefore, comprehensive knowledge of its anatomy and the planning of the procedure using imaging systems, such as 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), prior to performing endodontic treatment, improve the prognosis, increasing the chances of success. The aim of this report is to show the sequence of a clinical outcome of a lower first premolar (tooth 4.4) with a complex anatomy, using CBTC in diagnosis and planning.
Knowledge, attitudes, practices and oral health status in adolescents of the city of Córdoba, Argentina
Authors:   Integral course on children and adolescents, Pediatric Dentistry “A”. School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina., Carletto-Körber Fabiana , Isla Carolina ,   Provincial Dental Institute. Ministry of Health, Córdoba, Argentina., Abrahim Laura ,   Provincial Dental Institute. Ministry of Health, Córdoba, Argentina., Cornejo Lila S. ,   Interdisciplinary Research Group "Contextualized Promotion" (PROCON), School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
Published: January 2019

Adolescence is a critical period in the appropriation of knowledge, attitudes and health practices. Objective: To analyze the experience of caries in relation to the level of knowledge, to attitudes and oral health practices in adolescents. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in 52 adolescents attending the Provincial Dental Institute in the city of Córdoba, Argentina. The study included a clinical dental examination and a self-administered survey. All participating subjects provided an informed consent signed by their parents or guardians. The DMFT index and relative frequency of responses were calculated. Indices of "knowledge", "attitudes" and "practices" were created. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between indices and a linear regression model with respect to the DMFT index were applied. Results: Mean age was 16.57±2.27 years. Female subjects accounted for 57.7% of participants. Between 92% and 96% of adolescents acknowledged that the presence of bacteria and a lack of oral hygiene could promote tooth decay. Ninety-six per cent reported using toothbrush and toothpaste, 32% reported using fluoride toothpaste, and only 19% used dental floss. The DMFT index was 4.7±4.0; component C 4.4±2.9. There was a significant correlation between the indices of knowledge and attitudes about oral health (p<0.05). The linear regression analysis showed as main predictors the questions: “Does brushing teeth prevent cavities?” And “How important is it for you to clean your teeth?” Conclusion: Although participants have information on some oral health care practices, it is necessary to design strategies that involve the participation of young people, with contents that take into account the interests and characteristics of the target population.
Oral Pemphigus treated with minipulse therapy.
Authors:   Dept. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Mamata Dental College and Hospital, Khammam, Telangana, India., Reddy Kundoor Vinay Kumar , Maloth Kotya Naik ,   Dept. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Mamata Dental College and Hospital, Khammam, Telangana, India., Meesala Tejaswini ,   Dept. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Mamata Dental College and Hospital, Khammam, Telangana, India., Thakur Moni ,   Dept. of oral and maxillofacial pathology, Mamata dental college, Khammam, Telangana, India.
Published: January 2019

Pemphigus is a chronic potentially fatal autoimmune disorder that causes blisters and erosions of the skin and oral mucous membrane. Most of the cases present oral manifestations as the first clinical sign along with dermal lesions. Only 0.5 to 3.2 of cases are reported each year per 1,000,000 population with oral manifestations without dermal participation, and is at times difficult to diagnose. We report a case of oral pemphigus vulgaris in a 20 year old female patient without dermal manifestations treated with oral mini pulse therapy.
PRODUTIVIDADE, DESEMPENHO OPERACIONAL E ECONÔMICO DA SEMEADURA DE SOJA COM INOCULAÇÃO VIA SULCO
Authors: Correia Tiago Pereira da Silva , Silva Paulo Roberto Arbex , Câmara Gil Miguel Sousa , Tavares Leandro Augusto Felix , Faggion Francisco
Published: January 2019

RESUMO: Atualmente, umas das formas de inoculação da cultura da soja é através da aplicação de inoculante via sulco de semeadura, ou simplesmente inoculação via sulco. Entretanto, são restritas as informações que embasam essa operação e fundamentam sua eficiência em ambientes distintos de cultivo de soja. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade, o rendimento operacional e econômico da semeadura de soja inoculada via sulco de semeadura, em áreas com e sem histórico de cultivo da cultura. O experimento foi realizado entre novembro de 2014 e março de 2015, na Fazenda Santa Fé em Pardinho/SP. Os fatores utilizados para a composição dos tratamentos foram: inoculação via sulco (taxas de aplicação 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50 L ha-1) e doses de inoculante (1,2x106; 3,6x106 e 6,0x106 UFC por semente). Os tratamentos foram experimentados em duas áreas distinta, área A, com histórico de inoculação e cultivo de soja em plantio direto, e a área B, sem histórico de inoculação e utilizada com pastagem degradada. Foram realizadas avaliações de produtividade de grãos, capacidade de campo operacional, custo operacional e relação benefício/custo da operação de semeadura com inoculação via sulco. A semeadora utilizada foi a modelo JD2113CCS de 12 linhas espaçadas em 0,5 m, equipadas com pontas de pulverização StreamJet® TP0001SS para aplicação de inoculante no sulco de semeadura. Os dados de produtividade foram submetidos a análise de variância, separadamente para a área A e B, segundo um delineamento inteiramente casualizados em um arranjo fatorial 5´3. A análise de variância dos dados foi realizada usando o procedimento Mixed do software estatístico SAS 9.2. Pelo teste de F foi considerado o nível de 5% de probabilidade para efeito de significância. Os resultados indicaram que em ambas as áreas a produtividade de grãos é maior utilizando maior dose de inoculante (6x106 UFC por semente) e maior taxa de aplicação (50 L ha-1). Maior capacidade de campo e menor custo operacional são obtidos com menor taxa de aplicação (10 L ha-1), entretanto, a melhor relação benefício/custo é obtida com taxa de aplicação de 20 L ha-1 e maior dose de inoculante.
INFLUÊNCIA DA LASTRAGEM E PRESSÃO DE INSUFLAGEM DO PNEU DE UM TRATOR AGRÍCOLA NO SEU CONSUMO DE COMBUSTÍVEL TRABALHANDO EM SOLO UMIDO.
Authors: Alonso Diego José Carvalho , Volpato Carlos Eduardo Silva , Faria Rafael De Oliveira , Martins Vinícius Reis Bastos , Possato Luiz Alfredo
Published: January 2019

: O trator agrícola é a principal máquina em todas as etapas da produção agrícola, diversas são as formas de controle da qualidade e eficiência do seu trabalho, podendo se destacar a pressão de insuflagem dos pneus e lastragem, contudo o fator climático não pode ser controlado, onde a única opção é a escolha de ajustes do trator concomitante com a umidade do solo para o menor consumo de combustível. Assim, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o consumo de combustível horário e específico de um trator agrícola, trabalhando em solo úmido com três lastragens e cinco pressões de insuflagem dos pneus. O trator de tração utilizado foi um A950 Valtra 4x2 TDA com 95 cv (69,8 kW) montado em pneus traseiros diagonais 18.4 – 34 R-1 e dianteiros 14.9 – 24 R–1, o trator de frenagem utilizado foi o Agrale BX 6110 4x2 TDA com 105 cv ( 77,2 kW) montado em pneus traseiros 23.1 – 30 R1 dianteiros 14.9 – 24 R1. Os resultados do consumo horário e específico de combustível mostram que a utilização da lastragem de fábrica e a pressão próxima a recomendada pelo fabricante se adequaram melhor, ficando o tratamento de 124/110 kPa de pressão de insuflagem dos pneus e 47,5 kN de lastragem do trator de tração o tratamento mais satisfatório para as condições apresentadas.
CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS MICROPROPAGADAS DE ABACAXI NA ACLIMATAÇÃO SOB DIFERENTES DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO
Authors: Amaro de Sales Ramon , Da Silva Berilli Sávio
Published: January 2019

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de nitrogênio no desenvolvimento de mudas micropropagadas e aclimatizadas de abacaxi cv. Vitória, que é resistente a fusariose, conduziu-se um experimento no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo - Campus Itapina, localizado no município de Colatina, ES. O experimento foi constituído de cinco doses de nitrogênio no substrato, sendo: 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% e 4% em um delineamento de blocos casualizados . A utilização da dosagem de 1% de nitrogênio promoveu maiores respostas das plantas, no entanto, dosagens superiores a 2% de nitrogênio influenciaram negativamente os resultados das características morfofisiológicas avaliadas. Deste modo, recomenda-se para a produção de mudas de abacaxi cv. Vitória dosagem de 1% de nitrogênio, tendo como fonte a ureia.
Plant leaf tooth feature extraction v4
Authors: Hu Wang , Chu Li , Yan Tian , Haoyu Zhou , Di Tian
Published: January 2019

Previous studies extract features that are not strictly defined in botany; therefore, a uniform standard to compare the accuracies of various feature extraction methods cannot be used. For efficient and automatic retrieval of plant leaves from a leaf database, in this study, we propose an image-based description and measurement of leaf teeth by referring to the leaf structure classification system in botany. First, image preprocessing is carried out to obtain a binary map of plant leaves. Then, corner detection based on the curvature scale-space (CSS) algorithm is used to extract the inflection point from the edges; next, the leaf tooth apex is extracted by screening the convex points; then, according to the definition of the leaf structure, the characteristics of the leaf teeth are described and measured in terms of number of orders of teeth, tooth spacing, number of teeth, sinus shape, and tooth shape.
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaf Extracts of Luffa cylindrica
Authors: Onyegbule Felix A. , Okoye Chukwudozie I. , Chukwunwejim Chidimma R. , Umeokoli Blessing O. , Eze Peter M.
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Luffa cylindrica have been used traditionally in the treatment and management of several disease conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of leaf extracts of the plant, and identifying some of its phytoconstituents.

Methods: The crude ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and paw-fluid displacement methods, respectively. The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion and agar dilution methods. The ethyl acetate leaf extract of the plant was further subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis for the identification of the bioactive compounds.

Results: The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of L. cylindrica showed average antioxidant properties at 100 µg/mL, with inhibitions of 53.31% and 54.73% respectively. The ethanol extract displayed significant anti-inflammatory activity at 50 mg/Kg with an inhibition of 31.1% compared to 39.7% recorded for the control (diclofenac). The ethyl acetate extract produced an inhibition of 15%. In the antimicrobial evaluation, the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. Typhi and B. subtilis. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity against the test isolates compared to the ethanol extract. HPLC-DAD analysis of the ethyl acetate extract suggested the presence of two flavonoid compounds - luteolin and apigenin as key components of the leaf extract of L. cylindrica. These compounds are known to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the leaf extracts of L. cylindrica possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
Üstün/Özel Yeteneklilerde Atomun Yapısı Konusunun Öğretiminde Bütüncül Yaklaşımla Program Farklılaştırma
Authors: ERDOĞAN Dr. Melek Nur
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bütüncül yaklaşımla program farklılaştırma odaklı bir fen dersinin üstün/özel yetenekli öğrencilerin atomun yapısı konusundaki anlayışlarına etkisini incelemektir. Bu bağlamda, bütüncül yaklaşımın uygulanmasında program farklılaştırma ilkeleri göz önünde tutularak bilimin bilişsel, epistemik ve sosyal yönlerinin vurgulanması esas alınmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, 8. sınıf düzeyinde 10 (On) üstün/özel yetenekli öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Uygulama haftada 3 saat olmak üzere 8 hafta sürmüştür. Durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılan bu araştırmada görüşme ve yazılı geri bildirim formu gibi çeşitli nitel veri kaynakları kullanılmış ve verilerin analizinde nitel analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular özel yetenekli öğrencilerin bütüncül yaklaşımla farklılaştırılmış bir fen dersi öğretiminin sonucunda atomun yapısı konusunda makroskobik, mikroskobik ve sembolik boyutları arasında geçiş yapabildikleri ve modelleme yapabildiklerini göstermiştir. Ayrıca teori-kanun-modelin gelişimi ve bilimin doğası anlayışlarında da gelişmeler olduğu görülmüştür.
Radikalizm ve Aşırıcılıktan Terörizme: Siyasal Şiddetin Araçsallaştırılması
Authors: Kurum Mehmet , Avcı Engin
Published: January 2019

11 Eylül saldırılarından sonra, terörist gruplara karşı küresel boyutta yürütülen mücadelenin etkinliği konusundaki tartışmalar, hükûmetleri terörizmle mücadelede yeni stratejiler aramaya itmiştir. Terörizme ilişkin birçok araştırmada, bireylerin neden ve nasıl radikalleştikleri, neden şiddete ve terörizme başvurdukları sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Bu süreçte radikalizm ve aşırıcılık kavramları, terörizm çalışmalarında önemli bir yer edinmiştir. Terörizmin tanımına ilişkin geleneksel tartışmalardaki muğlak durum radikalizm konusundaki çalışmalara da yansımıştır. Bu makalede radikalizm, aşırıcılık ve terörizm kavramlarına ilişkin betimsel bir analiz yapılarak, bu kavramlar arasındaki ilişkilerin ortaya konulması, birey ve grupların hangi durumlarda şiddete yöneldiklerinin ve şiddeti araçsallaştırdıklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, öncelikle radikalizm ve ilgili kavramlar, kavramın tarihsel gelişimi ve kavramla ilgili farklı yaklaşımlar ele alınmıştır. Müteakiben radikal düşünce ve eylemlerin aşırıcılığa ve terörizme dönüşme sürecinde, şiddetin araç olarak nasıl benimsendiği hususları ortaya konmuştur.
Critical Canon Pedagogy: Applying Disciplinary Inquiry to Cultivate Canonical Critical Consciousness
Authors: DYCHES JEANNE
Published: January 2019

In this article, Jeanne Dyches investigates the ways in which inquiry models of instruction have failed to provide students with a space in which to grapple with discipline-specific histories and hegemonies. Accordingly, this study offers critical canon pedagogy (CCP) to help students problematize and disrupt the practices specific to a discipline. Drawing from critical curriculum theory and critical Whiteness studies, Dyches details the experiences of high school students who participated in a CCP unit that investigated the disciplinary practices that have marked the teaching of canonical British literature in secondary English classrooms. Dyches shows how the unit provided students with an opportunity to restory their entirely White curriculum and, in doing so, reconsider and resist the traditional narratives and voices of the canon, develop an increased sense of canonical critical consciousness, and demonstrate a sense of discipline-specific agentive identity.
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Preoperative Patient Education Intervention to Improve Satisfaction and Reduce Resource Utilization in Gynecologic Surgery
Authors: Buckley de Meritens Alexandre , Baptiste Caitlin , Hou June Y , Burke William M , Wright Jason D , Tergas Ana I
Published: January 2019

During the initial surgical consult patients may feel overwhelmed by the information they are given regarding their diagnosis and surgical plan. We looked to determine if a preoperative patient educational intervention would improve patient satisfaction and optimize use of medical services after discharge. Methods: We randomized women undergoing major gynecologic surgery by laparoscopy or laparotomy, to standard of care (Control) or a preoperative educational intervention. The pre-operative educational intervention consisted of: 1) a handout with information on inpatient and outpatient recovery and 2) a preoperative phone-call to review the handout and answer questions. At the post-operative visit, patients completed a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18), addressing satisfaction, interpersonal manner, communication, time spent with doctors and physician accessibility. The number of phone calls, emergency department visits and unscheduled post-operative clinic visits were quantified during the first 2 weeks after surgery. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used for analysis.Results: 62 consecutive patients were randomized: 31 to intervention and 31 to the control group. Within the cohort 35 patients underwent laparoscopy and 21 laparotomy, 6 patients withdrew or cancelled their surgery. Forty postoperative patient satisfaction questionnaires were collected, 20 in the intervention group and 20 in the control group (response rate 71%). Intervention was associated to increased patient satisfaction. In the LSC group, the intervention improved patients’ perception of their physicians’ interpersonal manners, communication and time spent with the doctor (p < 0.05). Only one patient (3.5%) in the intervention group visited the ER post-operatively (laparotomy, wound separation) compared to 5 (17.8%) control patients (4 laparoscopy, 1 laparotomy, p < 0.05), all for minor complaints (pain, anxiety, incision).Conclusions: In our randomized trial this low-cost, feasible pre-operative educational intervention improves patients’ perception of their surgeons’ communication skills and decreased post-operative healthcare resource utilization. The effects are most pronounced in women undergoing minimally invasive surgery.
Experiências de mobilidade acadêmica internacional: flertes do antes e o mergulho do durante
Authors: Taschetto Leonidas Roberto , Rosa Gabriel Celestino , Da Silveira Viviane De Brum , Dos Santos Bruna Carolina
Published: January 2019

Abordamos neste ensaio experiências de mobilidade acadêmica internacional de quatro jovens estudantes de uma universidade comunitária do sul do Brasil. Os objetivos aqui pretendidos resultam de problematizações que assumem a forma das seguintes questões: Que motivações os levaram a estudar no exterior e como significaram essas experiências? Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa maior, de natureza qualitativa, realizada através de entrevistas, considerando-se os flertes do antes da viagem e o mergulho do durante. Para as análises, servimo-nos do referencial teórico-metodológico da Grounded-Theory. As experiências mostraram-se marcadas por questões sensíveis que envolvem desejo, sonhos, determinação, medos e solidão. Evidenciamos a relevância das relações interpessoais na superação de momentos difíceis experienciados durante o intercâmbio.
Model Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Ma’had Al-Jami’ah Walisongo Semarang
Authors: Shiddiq Jamaluddin
Published: January 2019

This study discusses the models of Arabic teaching in Ma’had Al-Jami’ah Walisongo Semarang. The analysis based on the Richard Arend’s theory, which is mentions that the teaching models has 4 components are theoretical basis, instructional goals, syntax, and learning environment. This study aims to know each component of it in ma’had. The study result shows that the theoretical basis of teaching includes behavioral theory, social learning theory, the psychological theory of meaningfull verbal learning, the idea of cognitive pshycology, experiential learning theory, and information processing theory. The Instructional goal includes the learning to acquire the factual and declare knowledge, mastering of social cooperative behaviors, and acceptance between groups. The syntax be distinguished by the type of teaching models, include: a) Direct teaching, consists of the orientation, presentation, structured practice, the practice under guidance, and self-practice, b) Presentation teaching, consists of presenting advance organizer, task presentation and strengthening cognitive processing; c) cooperative learning, consists of presenting the goal and establishing set, presenting and organizing information, distributing some students into groups, supporting the team work and teaching, testing the  material learning and giving a testing; 4) learning environment in ma’had, includes: in the direct, the teacher structures the environment stricty to maintain the academic focuses and hopes the tudents will be a good observer, listener and participant; b) in the presentation: the teacher distributing, some students into a group and in each gropu, there is two role, presentator and listener; c) cooperative: the environment organized based on task structure and reward cooperatively neither competitively.