bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment Patterns for Distal Radius Fractures Before and After Appropriate Use Criteria Adoption
Authors: Samade Richard , Zaki Omar , Farrell Nolan , Farrar Nicholas , Goyal Kanu S.
Published: December 2020

Background

The purpose of this study was to determine agreement with the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for distal radius fractures (DRFs), before and after their adoption, and secondarily determine predictors of operative management.

Methods

A single-institution retrospective cohort study comparing patients treated either nonoperatively (115 patients) or operatively (767 patients) for DRFs between May 1, 2008, and May 1, 2018, by 8 hand surgeons was performed. Data included demographics, injury characteristics, DRF radiographic measurements, treatment rendered, and their appropriateness according to the AUC. Statistical testing used the Fisher and χ2 tests, t test, and multiple variable logistic regression, with a significance level of .05.

Results

Overall, there was a significant increase in AUC agreement for operatively treated DRFs (82.7%-89.3%, P = .01), but no difference in agreement for nonoperatively treated DRFs (12.5%-10.7%, P = .77). Age <80 years, AO classes other than B, intra-articular displacement >1 mm, radial inclination <18°, high-energy mechanism of injury, and greater than 1 week to treatment were independent predictors of operative treatment. The area under the curve for the validated regression model using the aforementioned predictors was 0.82.

Conclusion

Agreement with AUC for DRFs increased after its adoption for operatively treated, but not for nonoperatively treated, fractures. In addition, a predictive model for operative treatment was developed and validated. Future studies may benefit from further model refinement and testing in other patient cohorts.
Building tolerance through human rights education: The missing link
Authors: Salmon-Letelier Marlana , Russell S. Garnett
Published: December 2020

Human rights education (HRE) is an emerging practice across formal and informal educational sectors worldwide. However, most literature and theory on HRE emphasize the importance of imparting knowledge about human rights. In this paper, we argue that increasing tolerance among students is a vital but understudied aspect of HRE. This paper is based on the results of a mixed methods longitudinal study conducted in three classrooms across two New York City public high schools. Our methods include a pre-/post- survey, classroom observations, and semi-structured individual and group interviews. The findings indicate that merely teaching about human rights issues is necessary but not sufficient to shift deeply embedded attitudes that contribute to the transformative nature of the human rights framework. We present tolerance as a necessary precursor to positive social change and sustainable human rights implementation.
Pulmonary Venous Congestion and Pulmonary Hemorrhage in an Extremely Premature Neonate With a Large Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Closed Patent Foramen Ovale: A Case Report
Authors: Kappico Jaclyn Michelle , Siassi Bijan , Ebrahimi Mahmood , Ramanathan Rangasamy
Published: December 2020

We describe a case of an extremely low birthweight infant with a large patent ductus arteriosus and closed foramen ovale resulting in markedly increased pulmonary blood flow, pulmonary venous congestion, and pulmonary hemorrhage.
Aggressive Diffuse Intermediate Size B-Cell Lymphoma With P53 Mutation Presented as Primary Bone Marrow Lymphoma
Authors: Chen Pei Ting , Jorsan Karan , Avezbakiyev Boris , Akhtar Cheema , Wang Jen Chin
Published: December 2020

Primary bone marrow lymphoma (PBML) is a disease entity in which lymphoma primarily originates in the bone marrow without signs of involvement of lymph nodes, spleen, liver, or any other organs, and excludes leukemia/lymphoma. PBML has been a rare presentation of malignant lymphoma, and most of the cases have a poor prognosis and require rapid diagnoses and treatments. Among all PBMLs, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common pathological subtype. Over 25 years and from 7 institutions, the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group retrospectively collected PBML cases and, in 2012, published these 21 cases, including 19 cases of B-cell lymphoma and 2 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Among the B-cell types, DLBCL accounted for 79% and follicular lymphoma (FL) for 21%. DLBCLs were characterized by the existence of large cells. In this article, we present a rare case of high-grade aggressive type with P53 mutation, intermediate-sized B-cell lymphoma, excluded FL by the absence of FL lymphoma markers, presented as PBML. Our patient had rapid progression and succumbed to the disease shortly after diagnosis. Upon literature review, 62 B-cell lymphoma cases were identified that presented as PBML (51 high-grade and 11 low-grade)—mostly case reports. Among these, only one case was reported as intermediate-sized DLBCL-like lymphoma but not with aggressive features. Our case represents the first case of aggressive intermediate-sized lymphoma, not a FL, with P53 mutation, highly elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and Ki-67 presented as PBML. Such a profile would need to be quickly recognized and aggressive treatment applied, such as CART (chimeric antigen receptor T-cells) therapy or DA-EPOCH-R (dose-adjusted EPOCH [etoposide-prednisone-oncovin-cyclophosphamide-hydroxydaunorubicin] and rituximab) with or without venetoclax.
ECOG-ACRIN 2399: analysis of patient related outcomes after Chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck Cancer
Authors: Cmelak Anthony , Dietrich Mary S. , Li Shuli , Ridner Sheila , Forastiere Arlene , Burtness Barbara A. , Cella David , Murphy Barbara A.
Published: December 2020

Background

We conducted a correlative study for E2399, a function preservation trial for resectable locally advanced oropharynx and larynx cancer, to prospectively assess effects of chemoradiation (CCR) on quality of life (QOL), swallowing and voice. We correlated the results of swallow assessments done via questionnaires and objective assessments by modified barium swallow (MBS).

Methods

The Functional Assessment of Cancer-HN (FACT-HN), the Performance Status Scale – Head and Neck (PSS-HN), swallow assessments (including modified barium swallow studies), and voice assessments: Voice Handicap Index (VHI), the Voice Disability Assessment (VDA), and American Speech-Language Hearing Association’s Functional Communication Measure (FCM) were conducted at baseline and periodically post-treatment for 2 years.

Results

Baseline QOL and swallowing function predicted overall survival. Patients experienced a marked decrease in QOL, swallowing, and speech post CCR although the decrease in vocal function was modest. Function and QOL returned towards baseline in the majority of patients by 12 months post treatment. Less than 10% of patients had severe dysphagia and were PEG dependent at 12 months post treatment. There was a high degree of correlation between the FACT-HN and PSS-HN swallow items. Statistically significant correlations were found between subjective and objective measures of swallow function.

Conclusions

Patients experience marked loss in swallowing function post CCR which returned to baseline in the majority of patients. The correlations between the FCM and self-report swallow items on the PSS and FACT-HN appear to be sufficiently strong to justify their use as a surrogate marker for swallowing disability in large therapeutic trials.
Revisión de la producción científica sobre MOOC entre 2016 y 2019 a través de SCOPUS
Authors: Ruiz-Palmero Julio , Sánchez-Rivas Enrique
Published: December 2020

Durante los últimos ocho años, los Cursos Masivos On line en abierto (MOOC) se han consolidado como una modalidad formativa on-line. Este artículo presenta un estudio de las publicaciones científicas indexadas en la base de datos Scopus sobre MOOC. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar aportaciones de la investigación científica desde 2016 hasta 2019. Para ello se realizó una revisión de la base de datos aplicando un algoritmo de búsqueda basado en un criterio preestablecido. Los datos obtenidos se exploraron desde una perspectiva cuantitativa para después aplicar un análisis cualitativo de las aportaciones de cada uno de los documentos. Los resultados obtenidos evidencias una creciente evolución de la producción hasta 2019, año en el que se aprecia un cambio de tendencia. También identifica las investigaciones, autores e instituciones de referencia en la materia. El análisis de contenido permite establecer la prevalencia de investigaciones en el ámbito de la pedagogía, centradas en cuestiones técnicas y metodológicas. A partir de ello, se concluye que el MOOC es un producto formativo que mantiene un alto interés científico, y que las investigaciones generan conocimiento en diferentes ámbitos, pero siempre con un denominador común: la mejora del producto formativo.
Corrosion behavior of 15CrMo steel for water-wall tubes in thermal power plants in the presence of urea and its byproducts
Authors: Zhu Zhiping , Song Xianzhi , Song Youwei , Zhou Pan , He Mingpeng
Published: December 2020

The corrosion behavior of 15CrMo used for water-wall tubes was studied in various urea-containing solution to determine the corrosion problem of water-wall tubes caused by urea in a coal-fired power plant. Urea decomposition tests, together with corrosion experiments, were carried out. The temperature was 320 °C, and the concentrations of urea were 70, 140, 280, 560 and 840 mg/L. Weight loss experiments and surface analysis indicated that the corrosion of 15CrMo steel is mainly manifested as localized corrosion. The corrosion rate of 15CrMo steel increased with the increase of urea concentration, and the maximum value reached 0.686 mm/y (mm per year) when the urea concentration was 840 mg/L. Electrochemical analysis suggested that the corrosion rates of 15CrMo were enhanced substantially by urea decomposition products. The results of UPLC-ESI-MS, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that urea solution produced corrosive ions NH2COO− during the decomposition process, which caused the corrosion of 15CrMo. Results provided evidence as relevant explanation for the corrosion behavior of 15CrMo in urea solution.
Rechtspopulismus und organisierte Zivilgesellschaft
Authors: Schroeder Wolfgang , Greef Samuel , Elsen Jennifer Ten , Heller Lukas
Published: December 2020

Rechtspopulist*innen intervenieren in die Zivilgesellschaft, wobei sie die etablierten Akteure auf der Basis ihrer korporatistischen Einbindung als Teil des Establishments angreifen und bestehende Konflikte nach populistischer Logik umdeuten. Die Reaktionen der zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen erfolgen situativ und changieren zwischen wertebezogener Abgrenzung und inhaltlicher Auseinandersetzung. Die Zivilgesellschaft ist herausgefordert, ihre inneren Widersprüche zu bearbeiten, um nicht als Einfallstor für, sondern als Schutzfaktor gegen Rechtspopulismus zu wirken.
Towards cloud transport using IP-multiservices access network (MSAN)
Authors: Dinar Amina Elbatoul , Ghouali Samir , Merzougui Rachid , Bentahar Attaouia , Merabet Boualem
Published: December 2020

Optical foundation suppliers and system administrators with another design are used to improve their conventional business activities toward a genuine start to finish cloud item contributions. Optical system suppliers will assemble a consistent foundation and rent it to arrange administrators; the last will work financial-savvy, dynamic and mission-explicit systems utilizing coordinated observation and the board methods. In light of this vision, our article will indicate and execute an IP-MSAN optical system engineering (installation + configuration) capable of supporting the provision of optical network and Unix/Linux platform server-based system resources and thus designing a true cloud infrastructure with heterogeneous/homogeneous servers. We will present the configuration script for a site with 750 subscribers in the Constantine city, Algeria.
Significant improvement in bone mineral density in pediatric celiac disease: even at six months with gluten-free diet
Authors: Gerenli Nelgin , Dursun Fatma , Çeltik Coşkun , Kırmızıbekmez Heves
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Patients with celiac disease had significantly decreased bone mineral density even in patients with no gastrointestinal symptoms. Only few bone studies are available on pediatric patients with celiac disease.

Methods

Forty-six patients underwent measurement of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before the initiation of gluten-free diet. Anthropometric, laboratory and DXA measurements at baseline and at sixth month of the treatment were compared.

Results

The frequency of low aBMD Z-score (≤−1 SDS) in both or any site was found to be 78.2% in this study. Of 16 patients with an aBMD Z-score of <−2 SDS five gained more than 1 SDS, and one gained more than 2 SDS. Nine of 20 patients with an aBMD Z-score of <−1 SDS completely normalized.

Conclusions

The results of the study showed that low BMD is common in children with celiac disease at the time of diagnosis and could improve in a short period of six months with a strict gluten-free diet and adequate supplementation of calcium and vitamin D.
The Sanctions for the Acts of “Offending the Human Being‘s Honor and Dignity” in the Vietnamese Decree for the Administrative Violations
Authors: Minh Dr. Cao Vu
Published: December 2020

In sanctioning administrative violations, the correct adoption of sanctioning forms and remedial measures against administrative violations is strategically vital. There have currently been wide ranges of overlap in the sanctioning forms and remedial measures for the acts “offending the honor and dignity.” This paper analyses the overlap and inconsistency in the sanctioning forms and remedial measures among the decrees concerning the acts “offending the honor and dignity.”
Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Based on Age, Gender, and Education Level
Authors: Hassanshahi Elham , Asadollahi Zahra , Azin Hossein , Hassanshahi Jalal , Hassanshahi Amin , Azin Mahdieh
Published: December 2020

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is defined as an inflammatory, progressive, and autoimmune disease in the central nervous system, recognized by its subsequent demyelination and neurodegeneration. Cognitive disorders are among the most severe problems in patients with MS, affecting their personal and professional life. This study is aimed to evaluate memory and visual learning, visual processing speed, and spatial perception in MS patients based on age, gender, and level of education. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 42 MS patients (based on McDonald’s criteria). The level of disability in patients was assessed using EDSS, and cognitive performance was evaluated by the use of judgment of line orientation (JLO), symbol digit modalities test (SDMT), and revised brief visuospatial memory test (BVMT-R). In this study, patients were within the age range of 20-51 years, 73.8% of which were female, and 61.9% had academic degrees. According to the classes of independent variables (gender, education level), no significant difference was observed in the mean scores of dependent variables (JLO, SDMT, and BVMR-T scores) (P>0.05). In addition, age as a confounding variable had no impact (P>0.05). In addition, gender and level of education had no significant interaction (P>0.05). According to the results of the study, age, gender, and education level had no significant effect on memory and visual learning, visual processing speed, and spatial perception.
Preparation of Novel Arabic Gum-C6H9NO Biopolymer as a Bedsore for Wound Care Application
Authors: Doozandeh Zahra , Saber-Samandari Saeed , Khandan Amirsalar
Published: December 2020

The subcutaneous or hypodermic tissue is the innermost layer of the skin, which is essential for adipose tissue. The dermal attachment to the epidermis is a basal layer composed of collagen. This basal layer performs four different functions and acts as a scaffold for soft tissue organization. It is citing for regeneration that has selective permeability for serum filtration. Also, it is a barrier between different cell types, and cite where the epithelium subcutaneous to the cells. Untreated, bedsores can lead to serious complications, one of which is cellulite, a potentially life-threatening bacterial infection. As the bedsore wound spreads to the joints and bones, it may cause bone and joint infections that can damage the cartilage, tissue, and reduce joint function. The bacteria can then enter the bloodstream through wounds, leading to shock and life-threatening conditions. Stage II wounds can heal in one to six weeks, but wounds that lead to stage three or four may last several months or may never heal, especially in children with health problems. The purpose of this study was to design bio-based wounds with gelatin, Gum Arabic, and polyurethane. The wounds were made with different bio composite specimens. The procedure is gelatin, and gum Arabic was combined with certain percentages. The temperature of mixing and solubilization was set at 50°C. After complete fabrication of the material and complete dissolution of the samples in the solvent without any agglomeration, the samples were placed in a low-temperature freezer at -70°C and were placed in a freeze dryer. After the drying process is completed and the pores are ready on the wound heal sample, in the next stages, several tests are carried out to check the suitability of the produced wounds. The SEM analysis was performed on bio-based wounds in which the results showed the suitability and porosity of these wound dress were suitable. The presence of proper porosity and moisture level for wound healing and non-acidity, as well as the use of bed wound healing, have been distinguished from other conventional wound healing products in the market and research domain.
Infant Crying Classification by Using Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Bashiri Azadeh , Hosseinkhani Roghaye
Published: December 2020

Cry as the only way of communication of babies with the surrounding environment can be happened for many reasons such as diseases, suffocation, hunger, cold and heat feeling, pain and etc. So, the analysis and detection of its source are very important for parents and health care providers. So the present study designed with the aim to test the performance of neural networks in the identification of the source of babies crying. The present study combines the genetic algorithm and artificial neural network with (Linear Predictive Coding) LPC and MFCC (Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) to classify the babies crying. The results of this study indicate the superiority of the proposed method compared to the other previous methods. This method could achieve the highest accuracy in the classification of newborns crying among the previous studies. Developing methods for classification audio signal analysis are promising and can be effectively applied in different areas such as babies crying.
Cholinergic neuromuscular hyperactivity in a patient with anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase myasthenia gravis
Authors: Okhovat Ali Asghar , Fatehi Farzad
Published: December 2020

The article's abstract is not available.
Virtual learning for teaching medical ethics during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mobasher Mina
Published: December 2020

The article's abstract is not available.
A importância da Associação dos Arquivistas da Paraíba como instrumento de fortalecimento e visibilidade profissional
Authors: Silveira Eloisa dos Santos , Araújo Claudialyne da Silva
Published: December 2020

Este estudo aborda como o associativismo profissional arquivístico tem sido discutido de forma mais recorrente entre as temáticas na área arquivística, sendo considerado atualmente como o principal percurso para o fortalecimento dessa classe profissional. Em particular, com este estudo busca-se avaliar a importância do associativismo profissional arquivista no estado da Paraíba. Adota-se uma abordagem qualiquantitativa de natureza descritiva, tomando como objeto de estudo os arquivistas formados no período de 2015 a 2018 na Universidade Estadual da Paraíba e na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, bem como os arquivistas filiados à Associação de Arquivistas da Paraíba. O instrumento de coleta de dados escolhido foi o Formulários Google, e os formulários foram aplicados via e-mail. Os Arquivistas, egressos das duas instituições, acreditam que o principal caminho para que a classe dos arquivistas se fortaleça é o associativismo, mas que o número de associados à Associação de Arquivistas da Paraíba, ainda é relativamente baixo, o que talvez se deva, de acordo com as respostas dos egressos ao fato de a associação ser relativamente discreta em suas atividades e não publicizar tanto as suas ações. O associativismo é um caminho importante para a expansão da classe e deve ser abordado de forma mais recorrente. Além disso, às associações também precisam ser mais assíduas em difundir suas ações, tendo em vista obter um maior percentual de vinculados.
Importância da política de indexação para as unidades de informação
Authors: Gomes Rainner Finelli , Lima Gercina Ângela de
Published: December 2020

No contexto das pesquisas desenvolvidas na área de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação, tanto no Brasil quanto no exterior, o tratamento temático da informação tem sido bastante abordado. De modo semelhante, a prática bibliotecária é subsidiada e beneficiada com as pesquisas realizadas nesse domínio. Com a adoção de diretrizes que orientam a representação dos objetos informacionais, o processo de indexação se torna facilitado nas unidades de informação. Com efeito, mediante o uso da política de indexação, o profissional pode utilizar termos controlados, reduzindo a subjetividade durante o processo, embora essa política ainda seja desconhecida em muitas unidades e serviços de informação. Diante deste cenário, o presente artigo tem como tema principal o processo e a política de indexação, cujo objetivo é demonstrar o seu uso da política de indexação, nas unidades de informação, como instrumento de padronização terminológica, considerando os conteúdos dos documentos e a realidade dos usuários. A pesquisa apresenta conceitos e características do processo e da política de indexação; identifica estudos que versam sobre a temática; e analisa resultados de estudos publicados acerca das contribuições dessa política. Trata-se de um texto descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com aplicação da revisão sistemática da literatura em uma amostra de 18 artigos selecionados. Com a análise dos resultados dessas publicações, foi possível constatar a contribuição desse documento em uma unidade de informação. Concluiu-se que a política promove a redução da subjetividade e que os elementos “exaustividade e especificidade” são indispensáveis nesse documento, pois possibilitam uma representação mais adequada às necessidades dos usuários.
Visibilidade e engajamento público na web 2.0: um estudo altmétrico a partir dos artigos publicados na Scientific Data
Authors: Barcelos Janinne , Maricato João de Melo
Published: December 2020

A Web 2.0 tem causado impactos na comunicação científica. O uso das mídias sociais tem sido utilizado de maneira crescente para compartilhar produtos científicos, havendo diferentes dinâmicas de visibilidade e engajamento público. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa busca compreender aspectos da visibilidade e engajamento na Web 2.0, a partir de artigos publicados pela revista Scientific Data, entre 2014 a 2019, utilizando-se de métodos e técnicas altmétricas. Dessa forma, são identificadas e analisadas as mídias em que esses documentos receberam atenção; os usuários responsáveis por fazer a primeira postagem de divulgação do artigo nas mídias e as relações entre as menções em mídias sociais e o possível incremento na contagem de citações. Constatou-se que o Twitter foi a mídia mais utilizada para a divulgação dos artigos; que os pesquisadores autores não são os principais responsáveis pela primeira menção dos artigos nas mídias analisadas; e, que não existe uma nítida relação de causa e efeito entre indicadores de citação e menção. Foram vislumbrados aspectos relevantes sobre o entendimento da visibilidade e do engajamento público com a produção acadêmica nas mídias sociais, auxiliando também na compreensão das dinâmicas e características relacionadas aos indicadores altmétricos.
Áreas de atuação de pesquisadores como input para caracterizar a atuação institucional
Authors: Galdino Rosangela , Amaral Roniberto Morato do
Published: December 2020

A avaliação da atividade científica envolve estudos bibliométricos, que utilizam como fontes de informação bases de dados como, por exemplo, a Web of Science, a Scopus e a Plataforma Lattes. Esta pesquisa visou contribuir para a caracterização da atuação das instituições de ciência, tecnologia e inovação através dos estudos bibliométricos; mais especificamente, seu objetivo geral foi caracterizar o perfil de atuação de uma instituição de ciência, tecnologia e inovação, utilizando as informações sobre as áreas de atuação dos seus docentes-pesquisadores presentes nos seus respectivos currículos Lattes. O método utilizado foi o estudo de caso e a unidade-caso foi o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP). A bibliometria foi utilizada como técnica de análise de informações e a Plataforma Lattes foi utilizada como fonte de coleta de dados. A amostra analisada compreendeu 1997 currículos Lattes de docentes-pesquisadores ativos no período de 2010 a 2018. Constatou-se o caráter multidisciplinar da atuação da instituição, bem como a proximidade de atuação entre os seus campi, e traçou-se o perfil disciplinar e multidisciplinar dos docentes. Conclui-se que os resultados alcançados podem contribuir para os estudos bibliométricos de instituições de ciência, tecnologia e inovação, ao sistematizar, através da análise das áreas de atuação dos pesquisadores, a identificação e a visualização de seu perfil de atuação, bem como a identificação de áreas de interesse potencialmente maior para colaboração entre docentes.
As poéticas de Abidoral Jamacaru enquanto registro de memória e representação do conhecimento
Authors: Pereira Alves Ermeson Nathan , Coutinho Correia Anna Elizabeth Galvão
Published: December 2020

Identifica as poesias de Abidoral Jamacaru como registro de memória da região ao sul do Estado do Ceará, Cariri. Contextualiza o poeta na década dos ‘modernos marginais’, ou seja, no movimento de contracultura nos anos 1970, no qual o artista começa a ter visibilidade e a se reconhecer enquanto sujeito que influenciou num dado período. Conceitua memória sob o viés da Ciência da Informação, dialogando com as concepções históricas da poesia. Quanto ao procedimento metodológico, a pesquisa se utiliza da Análise de Conteúdo, bem como a Análise Temática na operacionalização dos dados. Os mapas conceituais foram inseridos como tipos de representação do conhecimento, ampliando as formas de se visualizar a poesia de Abidoral Jamacaru. Conclui que a estética paisagística da Cidade de Crato e os movimentos de contracultura no Cariri influenciaram na composição dos escritos poéticos do autor, compondo a memória individual que dialoga com a memória local da região criando uma identidade em suas obras.
PALEOECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF LARGE-SIZED WILD BOAR TRACKS RECORDED DURING THE LAST INTERGLACIAL (MIS 5) AT HUELVA (SW SPAIN)
Authors: DE CARVALHO CARLOS NETO , MUÑIZ FERNANDO , BELAÚSTEGUI ZAIN , BELO JOÃO , GÓMEZ PAULA , TOSCANO ANTONIO , CACHÃO MÁRIO , CUNHA PEDRO P. , RUIZ FRANCISCO , CÁCERES LUIS MIGUEL , RODRIGUEZ-VIDAL JOAQUÍN , FINLAYSON GERALDINE , FINLAYSON STEWART , GUZMAN FRANCISCO GILES , FINLAYSON CLIVE
Published: December 2020

Well-preserved tracks of the wild boar Sus scrofa are described from the Matalascañas Trampled Surface (MTS) in the upper Pleistocene aeolian basal unit of the El Asperillo Cliff, Huelva (southwestern Spain). These are the first published tracks of suid pigs in the fossil record, here formally described as Suidichnus galani igen. and isp. nov. A revision of valid artiodactyl ichnogenera is provided for comparison. The large size of wild boar found in the Late Pleistocene of Spain contradicts the general trend towards smaller size known for the evolution of the species and the Bergmann's ecogeographical rule for the extant subspecies. In the present case, the remarkable large size that can be reached by these tracks is discussed as an ecomorphological adaptation of wild boars to either resource bonanza, and/or predation pressure during the Last Interglacial. The large S. scrofa scrofa identified in MTS corresponds to some of the earliest evidences known to this subspecies in Iberia.
Context and Complexity in Telemedicine Evaluation: Work Domain Analysis in a Surgical Setting (Preprint)
Authors: Aminoff Hedvig , Meijer Sebastiaan
Published: December 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Many promising telemedicine innovations fail to be accepted and used over time, and there are longstanding questions about how to best evaluate telemedicine services and other health information technologies. In response to these challenges, there is a growing interest in how to take the sociotechnical complexity of health care into account during design, implementation, and evaluation. This paper discusses the methodological implications of this complexity and how the sociotechnical context holds the key to understanding the effects and outcomes of telemedicine. Examples from a work domain analysis of a surgical setting, where a telemedicine service for remote surgical consultation was to be introduced, are used to show how abstracted functional modeling can provide a structured and rigorous means to analyze and represent the implementation context in complex health care settings.
BIOELECTRIC IMPEDANCE OF THE BODY OF WISTAR RATS OF BOTH SEXES WITH A MONOCROTALINE MODEL OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors:   Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Kolomeyets N.L. , Syslonova O.V. ,   Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Smirnova S.L. ,   Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Roshchevskaya I.M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Zakusov Institute Of Pharmacology”
Published: December 2020

The aim of the work was to study the bioelectric impedance of the body in rats of both genders with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Materials and methods. Multi-frequency bioimpedance studies of the body of rats of both genders were carried out one month after the administration of monocrotaline (dose of 60 mg/kg, subcutaneously). Results. Hypertrophy of the right ventricle of the heart was revealed in animals with experimentally induced pulmonary hypertension, with a significantly greater thickness of the free wall of the right ventricle in males compared to females. Significant influence of the interaction of the gender factor and the effect of monocrotaline on the indicators of the bioelectric impedance of the body (amplitude, ratio of resistances at low and high current frequencies) was shown using the method of analysis of variance. The body bioelectric impedance amplitudes, normalized to body length, were significantly lower in the male rats and higher in the female rats with experimental pulmonary hypertension compared to the control animals of the same gender. In the female rats with the monocrotaline model of pulmonary hypertension, the ratio of the amplitudes of the bioelectric impedance of the body at low and high current frequencies was significantly lower than in the control animals. Conclusion. Changes in the body resistance of the rats with pulmonary hypertension indicate an inflammatory process. Gender differences in the changes in the bioelectrical impedance of the body indicate a more severe manifestation of pulmonary hypertension in the males.
RELIGIOUS ACTIVISM IN MUSLIM COMMUNITIES: RETHINKING IN THE POST-SECULAR ERA
Authors:   RINAT F. PATEEV Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, PATEEV RINAT F.
Published: December 2020

The article presents an attempt to understand Islamic activism, a phenomenon where the differentiation between social and political components is difficult. New perspectives of analysis are associated with the research context of socio-cultural transformations in Muslim communities that have begun since the 19th century. Secularization was important process that affected Muslim communities, but not reinterpreted implicitly at the theological and philosophical level. The process of secularization is not considered by author as a phenomenon of inevitable “atheization” of Muslim communities, but associated with differentiation of various spheres of public life and emergence of new forms religious activism that developed during the mutual competition.
STUDYING OF ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF PLANT AND SOIL OBJECTS AS ACTIVE-CAPACITIVE BIPOLAR
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, LYAPIN VICTOR , SAMOKHVALOV MAKSIM ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Published: December 2020

The key elements of the system for predicting electromagnetic damage are the electromagnetic source and the biological object. There is no complex of analytical models and programs for predicting damaging and critical conditions of electromagnetic impact on biological objects, as well as software components that implement developed mathematical models of real electromagnetic processes occurring in biological structures at different levels of the organization. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing a system for determining the electrical parameters of soil and biological objects (to develop ideas about the processes in the structures of different levels of organization of biological objects): in agricultural technologies for diagnostics of plant objects and soil; in laboratory conditions as a medium for creating and studying new electrical technologies, methods of analysis and processing of information signals. (Materials and methods) The method for monitoring electrical properties consists in applying a voltage with a constant and low-frequency component to a plant object, and simultaneously measuring the DC current, capacitive and resistive components of the low-frequency impedance. (Results and discussion) The proposed system for determining the electrical parameters of plant objects and soil allows to visualize the original signal; to perform calculation of informative parameters and statistical processing of the informative signal of a plant object and soil (construction of distribution laws, calculation of variance, mathematical expectation); to calculate the spectrum of the informative signal; to record the values of any of the specified informative parameters, both in real time and at the selected moment; to make time dependencies of informative parameters of plant objects and soil. (Conclusions) Authors implemented modes for measuring local DC resistance and monitoring the capacitive and resistive components in the area of electrical contact of two needles and other measuring electrodes with plant objects in the low-frequency range.
DYNAMICS OF THERMAL LOSSES BY CONVECTION AND RADIATION OF THE SPHERICAL HEAT ACCUMULATOR OF SOLAR PLANTS
Authors:   Scientific and Technical Center with a Design Bureau and Pilot Production of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, KLYCHEV SHAVKAT , SAGDULLA BAKHRAMOV , KHARCHENKO VALERIY ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, PANCHENKO VLADIMIR ,   Russian University of Transport
Published: December 2020

There are needed energy (heat) accumulators to increase the efficiency of solar installations, including solar collectors (water heaters, air heaters, dryers). One of the tasks of designing heat accumulators is to ensure its minimal heat loss. The article considers the problem of determining the distribution of temperatures and heat losses by convection and radiation of the heat insulation-accumulating body (water) system for a ball heat accumulator under symmetric boundary conditions. The problem is solved numerically according to the program developed on the basis of the proposed «gap method». (Research purpose) The research purpose is in determining heat losses by convection and radiation of a two-layer ball heat accumulator with symmetric boundary conditions. (Materials and methods) Authors used the Fourier heat equation for spherical bodies. The article presents the determined boundary and initial conditions for bodies and their surfaces. (Results and discussion) The thickness of the insulation and the volume of the heat accumulator affect the dynamics and values of heat loss. The effect of increasing the thickness of the thermal insulation decreases with increasing its thickness, starting with a certain volume of the heat accumulator or with R > 0.3 meters, the heat losses change almost linearly over time. The dynamics of heat loss decreases with increasing shelf life, but the losses remain large. (Conclusions) Authors have developed a method and program for numerical calculation of heat loss and temperature over time in a spherical two-layer heat accumulator with symmetric boundary conditions, taking into account both falling and intrinsic radiation. The proposed method allows to unify the boundary conditions between contacting bodies.
RESEARCH OF THE PROCESS OF CLEANING BIOGAS FROM SULFUR COMPOUNDS USING THE VORTEX LAYER APPARATUS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, KOVALEV DMITRIY , KOVALEV ANDREY
Published: December 2020

The use of biogas for the operation of recycling equipment in its pure form is unacceptable due to the high content of sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide), which leads to corrosion of metal parts of the equipment contacting with biogas and reduces its service life. The article considers various ways of cleaning biogas from sulfur compounds. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the process of biogas purification from sulfur compounds by sulfonating in the vortex layer apparatus. (Materials and methods) The laboratory of bioenergetic and supercritical technologies of VIM created an experimental device of a vortex magnetic layer. Authors used information research methods, including standard analytical methods of modern system approach, processing and analysis. (Results and discussion) The amount of hydrogen sulfide in the biogas was sharply reduced and when the gas stayed in the working chamber for 5 minutes, it did not exceed 20 parts per million. The concentration of carbon dioxide decreased slightly. The water in the working chamber of the installation serves as a solvent for incoming gases, and the ferromagnetic particles, when worn out, form a fine (20-50 micrometers) iron powder, which reacts chemically with dissolved hydrogen sulfide to form iron sulfide. Fast-rotating ferromagnetic particles create a large contact surface of liquid and gas, which improves the absorption of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. (Conclusions) It is possible to purify biogas from sulfur compounds by sulfonating in the vortex layer apparatus. The article proposes a method for improving the cleaning process by increasing the pressure and reducing the temperature of water in the working chamber of the vortex layer apparatus.
RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OZONATION OF CHICKEN EGGS
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, LEBEDEV DMITRIY , ROZHKOV EVGENIY
Published: December 2020

The production of chicken eggs in the world, without slowing down, has passed for 1 trillion pieces. In conditions of saturation and oversaturation of many local markets, food eggs are transported to other remote regions or stored in warehouses, store shelves, losing their freshness and nutritional quality. The ozone can be used to disinfect the surface of chicken eggs, which suppresses microorganisms. Based on the disinfection and disinsection properties of ozone, it is proposed to treat chicken eggs with ozonated air after sorting them by opto-electronic method. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing a method for surface disinfection and optoelectronic sorting of food and refrigerator chicken eggs, studying the effectiveness of the performed operations in comparison with traditional methods. (Materials and methods) Authors studied the efficiency of the optoelectronic system for sorting and electrozoning chicken eggs on the basis of a laboratory installation in the Kuban State Agrarian University. The reliability of the results is confirmed by a multiply repetition of research and reproducibility of the data, the use of generally accepted methods, instruments, and mathematical processing of experimental data. (Results and discussion) The article presents an experimental study to determine the effectiveness of electrozoning of chicken eggs in comparison with traditional methods. The article describes rational parameters and modes of operation of the optoelectronic installation for monitoring chicken egg shells. (Conclusions) The article presents an analytical description of the ratio of the main parameters of an optoelectronic installation for monitoring chicken egg shells. The article presents a basic electrical diagram for studying the parameters and operating modes of the installation. The greatest efficiency of electrosonation of chicken eggs is achieved when the ozone concentration is of 1000 milligrams per cubic meter and the ozonation time is 30 minutes; up to 99 percent of harmful microorganisms and viruses on the shell are eliminated.
THE CONCEPT OF CREATING A DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE PROCESS OF NORMALIZED DISTRIBUTION OF CONCENTRATED ANIMAL FEED
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, SEDOV ALEKSEY
Published: December 2020

Currently used systems for normalized distribution of concentrated feed to animals based on volumetric dispensers have a number of disadvantages that reduce their functionality and efficiency of practical use. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing the concept and main components of a digital control system for the process of normalized distribution of concentrated animal feed with automatic weight portion dosing of individual doses. (Materials and methods) The article proposes the concept of a system for managing the process of normalized distribution of concentrated animal feed, which consists in automatic calculation of individual feed doses taking into account the weight of animals, monitoring productivity, lactation periods, milk and feed quality, and generating digital data corresponding to the calculated doses. (Results and discussion) The article presents the concept of building a digital system for managing the processes of normalized distribution of concentrated animal feed. The article presents its structure and technological scheme. Author developed functional and schematic diagrams of the basic components: a code converter to an analog pneumatic signal, a system for addressing pneumatic signals, a device for comparing moments of forces; algorithms for the functioning of the system and its unified basic components. (Conclusions) The automatic concentrate feeding system allows for more accurate and balanced feeding of each animal. The portion, weight normalized distribution of concentrated feed to animals according to the schedules established by the zootechnical services of enterprises contributes to the development of their genetic potential and the preservation of animal health. The power supply and control signals of individual mechatronic, weight, and portion dispensers have a single physical nature and level, which simplifies and increases the reliability of the “Ration” system.
Trends and characteristics of cases when serial carboxyhemoglobins are obtained
Authors:   University of Kansas Health System Poison Control Center, Kansas City, Kansas U.S., Thornton Stephen L. ,   University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S., Gallagher Ryan ,   University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S., Gallagher Dan ,   University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S., Hunter Jeremy ,   Mosaic Life Care at St. Joseph - Medical Center, St. Joseph, Missouri U.S., Castelli Rachel ,   Oregon Health & Science University, Division of Medical Toxicology, Portland, Oregon U.S., Scott Mark ,   University of Kansas Health System Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas U.S.
Published: December 2020

Background: Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels are obtained when there is suspicion for carbon monoxide (CO) exposure. Serial COHb levels are sometimes obtained despite the well-established half-life of COHb with oxygen supplementation. We sought to evaluate the trends and characteristics associated with obtaining serial carboxyhemoglobin levels. Methods: A retrospective review was performed at an academic medical center for all inpatient and emergency department cases with either single COHb or serial COHb levels from 1 April 2010 through 31 March 2015. Data collected included age, gender, pregnancy status, smoking history, encounter month, admission status, oxygen administration, fire or burn history, vital signs, presenting symptoms, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy use, initial pH, troponin, lactate, and COHb levels. The time and change in values between serial levels were also obtained. Results: 624 cases were identified, with 106 (17%) having multiple carboxyhemoglobin levels. A mean of 2.6 (range 2 - 9) serial COHb levels were obtained. The average initial COHb was 8.9%. Subsequent serial levels were obtained on average at 353, 663 and 1,095 minutes and averaged 2.8%, 1.8% and 1.1% respectively. Serial COHb levels were obtained more commonly in burn patients, those admitted to the ICU and those who had HBO2 therapy. Four patients had an increase in COHb level on serial testing. The largest increase of these was from 2.0% to 3.9%. Conclusion: Serial COHb levels were not infrequent in this study. No clinically significant increase in COHb was identified by serial testing. Further studies should examine the clinical utility of such practices.