bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gauging the efficacy of the Philippines lockdown policies in response to COVID-19
Authors: Seongmin Park
Published: July 2022

This research was conducted in order to gauge the efficacy of the Philippines lockdown policies in response to COVID-19. After seeing a surge in cases accompanied by new variants, the Philippines put forth policies that some experts believe managed to decrease the number of cases through strict lockdowns. Other critics believe that these measures were excessively stringent. Hence, this paper presents metrics which gauges the Philippines’ pandemic response policies, through identifying the major lockdown policies, comparing them with a weekly case average and the stringency index, also considering how the unemployment rates were affected by such factors. The data for average daily cases, stringency index, and unemployment rates were sourced from various websites and organized into a table to be used as variables in figures that demonstrated the necessity, efficacy, and economic impact of the pandemic response. The results demonstrate a trend of extremely stringent measures that did, however, minimize the overall impact of the pandemic. It can be concluded that while the stringent measures minimized the spread of cases, the negative (economic, among others) effects outweigh the positive impacts of such measures.
ColDengue: A novel surveillance and control tool for Aedes aegypti
Authors: Lorena Berbeo  , Christopher Ramírez  , Jaime Daza  , Leigdy Barbosa  , Diego Montenegro
Published: July 2022

In view of the high epidemiological and economic impact of urban arboviruses associated with A. aegyptii (A-ae) in tropical countries, WHO within the 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development, highlights the need for new alternatives to control and eliminate those diseases. In response to this call, we proposed the ColDengue as a new tool of surveillance and vector control for A-ae. It is a tool operated manually and by sweeping in breeding sites. This tool was calibrated in laboratory showing effectiveness rate between 41.0 - 62.9% for larvae removal and 62.9 - 91.3% for pupae. Later ColDengue was applied in houses of Villavicencio, a hyperendemic city for dengue in Colombia. During six and eight interventions in two different neighborhoods, trials with intervals of 7 to 10 days; 10,522 larvae and 1,950 pupae of A-ae were eliminated. ColDengue in addition to responding to the traditional aedic index too allows determining the productivity of the breeding sites and the spatial-temporal dynamics for the pest mosquito. The tool presented acceptability and community adhesion above 90.0%, is fiscally sustainable (<3 USD unit), has a useful life until 6 months (with weekly use); is eco-friendly, can be used by all members of the community and is a resilient climate change strategy. Therefore, we suggest that ColDengue can be incorporated as a regular action of the health surveillance and vector control programs for urban arboviruses in Colombia and other countries of the world where domestic artificial water containers are productive for A. aegypti.
Polymeric nanoparticles with stimuli-responsive properties for drug delivery
Authors: Manju Lakshmi Seelam  , Srinivasa Rao Yarraguntla  , Venkata Kamala Kumari Paravastu  , Sai Sirisha Vurukuti  , Sai Sri Vastav Mylavarapu
Published: July 2022

In the last few decades, polymeric nanoparticles have been emerged as a most promising and viable technology for targeted and controlled delivery of drugs as well as delivery of bioactive compounds such as genes, drugs, nucleic acids and proteins among other things, in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. They not only improve the solubility, bioavailability, and circulation time of previous medications, but they can also be tailor made to selectively release the drug at the target site. Furthermore, these polymeric nanoparticles can be transformed into stimuli sensitive systems based on either exogenous stimuli (such as ultrasound, light, electric pulses, magnetism) or by endogenous stimuli (such as PH, redox, enzymes, temperature, hypoxia, glucose) for efficient targeting and biodistribution of genes and drugs at specific sites. Polymeric nanoparticles for delivery of drugs and bioimaging has attained a considerable interest in various cancer therapies. In the present content, we discuss various types of stimuli-responsive-nanocarriers and their applications in different fields like bioimaging, drug delivery.,etc.
Community pharmacists’ perspective and professional fulfillment regarding online selling of over-the-counter and prescription drugs during COVID-19 in Metro Manila
Authors: Joseph Braga Samuela III  , Britney Trapse Mendoza  , Cherry Ann Labayo Entac  , Danica Villaruz Madriaga  , Joana Mariz Valderas Cajayon  , John Paulo Narceda Santos  , Kimberly Nicole Masbad Balanoyos  , Mariah Ysabel Loquinario Din  , Melisse Kate Grefalda Magana  , Pauline Joyce Viluan Gomez  , Jan Karlo Tiongson Ecalne
Published: July 2022

Due to COVID-19 restrictions, purchasing goods and services through the internet has become commonplace. As they begin to develop, buying medication online has become one of the top concerns for public health. This research aims to assess and evaluate the perspective and professional fulfillment of community pharmacists regarding the online selling of OTCs and prescription drugs during COVID-19 in Metro Manila. Self-administered online surveys were used as the primary tool for quantitative data collection to gain information from the respondents based on their knowledge and experiences. The results were gathered and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher test, Chi-square, and R version 4.2.0. to summarize and establish associations between responses. The research concluded that the adaptation of online selling of over-the-counter and prescription drugs during COVID-19 has a significant relationship between the community pharmacist’s perspective and professional fulfillment. However, it may cause a disadvantage for purchasing medicines online due to the possibility of counterfeit drugs and utilizing fake prescriptions.
Pharmacists’ Extent of Agreement and Level of Satisfaction on Interprofessional Collaboration with Physicians: Achievement of an Effective Medication Therapy Management in Selected Regions in the Philippines
Authors: Gianne Beatriz Mindaro Bolario  , Darlyn Citron Sarmiento  , Karen Mae Rivera Nota  , Crystal Jade Dumael Villareal  , Jamuenitali Belle Mendoza Yap  , Angellie Jovi Firmalo Saballa  , Cecilia Diaz Santiago  , Mylene Sevilla Andal
Published: July 2022

Over the years, numerous studies have highlighted the pharmacist's importance as a member of the patient care team. Despite this, Interprofessional Collaboration between physicians and pharmacists appears to be uncommon in ordinary practice. One of the most significant issues facing the Philippines' health care system is the inclusion of a pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team caring for the patient, as well as the integration of cutting-edge pharmaceutical services with medical care. This study employed a descriptive quantitative-comparative study that utilized a non-probability convenience-purposive sampling technique and it is conducted through an online-based platform specifically by Google Forms using an own-based questionnaire. A thirty-two (32)-item questionnaire was completed on a sample population of one hundred sixty-six (166) licensed community and hospital pharmacists from regions IV - A, IV- B, and V. Moreover, for the exploratory analysis, mean, frequency, and percentage were used and the Wilcoxon Rum Sum Test was utilized as a statistical tool to further interpret the comparative analysis. Results revealed that 100% of the respondents perceived that Interprofessional Collaboration has improved patient care services in their facility. On the other hand, the overall results show a great extent of agreement and a high level of satisfaction in both community and hospital pharmacists’ Interprofessional Collaboration with physicians. Thus, the research concluded that there was no significant difference between community and hospital pharmacists' extent of agreement and level of satisfaction with regard to Interprofessional Collaboration with physicians to achieve an effective medication therapy management.
The level of knowledge, attitude and practice on antibiotics among selected community pharmacists and its possible contribution to the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Manila, Philippines
Authors: Ericka Mae Casao Bico  , Gizyl Villacarlos Amandy  , Marcus Jerard Ingeniero Barlintangco  , Alyssa Marie Solano Bautista  , Mikaela Isabelle Bolando dela Cruz  , Ma. Theresa Babiera Depositar  , Rheinbert Kyla Delminguez Mingi  , Ma. Luzelle Camarador Nolledo  , Lawrence Emerson Soriano Rasalan  , Raphael Joseph Guno Sosa  , Mylene Sevilla Andal  , Cecilia Diaz Santiago
Published: July 2022

Antibiotics offer lifesaving benefits and definitive treatments for infections caused by pathogenic bacteria. However, their efficacy has significantly decreased with the occurrence of antibiotic resistance due to the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Thus, the study aims to determine the possible contribution of community pharmacists to the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Manila City by investigating their socio-demographic profile and their level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding antibiotic use. This descriptive cross-sectional study utilized a pre-validated questionnaire to identify the socio-demographic and level of KAP of 150 respondents who were selected through convenience sampling. Notably, 119 (79.3%) of the respondents were female, and 82 (54.7%) out of 150 community pharmacists belong to the age group 30 and below. The majority of 146 (97.3%) respondents have Bachelor’s degrees, and 66 (44%) respondents had been in practice for less than or equal to five years. Statistical results showed that the respondents have sufficient knowledge with a total mean score of 8.18, high confidence with a mean rating for attitude of 4.79, and good practice with a mean rating of 4.52 regarding antibiotic use. Age, Gender, and Years of practice (p>0.05) were found to be correlated with their KAP level. However, the respondents’ highest educational attainment did not significantly affect practice. Overall, there is a significant correlation between the majority of socio-demographic and the respondent's level of KAP. In contrast, there is no significant relationship between the respondents' KAP as a whole. This study implies that there is only a low contribution of community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitude, and practice to antibiotic resistance in Manila City.
Optimization of B. cereus PW4 alpha amylase production by OVAT technique
Authors: Dike Precious Elechi  , Ogugbue Chimezie Jason  , Akaranta Onyewuchi  , Oji Akuma
Published: July 2022

Amylase enzymes are used in a variety of industries. Palm wine was screened for amylase producing microorganisms by starch iodine method. Isolate PW4 was discovered to be the most effective isolate and was identified as Bacillus cereus PW4 (OK384566) by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. The one-variable-at-a-time strategy was used to optimize α-amylase production parameters, including pH, temperature, incubation duration, inoculum volume, nitrogen source, and metal ion as factors. The enzyme activity was increased to 141.91 U/ml (5.8-fold) in the optimized medium (pH 7, 35 °C, 72 h, 3 % inoculums, 1 % NH4NO3 and 1 % FeCl3) from 24.0 U/ml in the un-optimized medium. Data of the optimal condition will aid in the scaling up of amylase production and other industrial activities.
Formulation of tinted lip gloss from lotus flower and date seed oil
Authors: Rutuja Babanrao Tijare  , Siddhi Sachin Wargantiwar  , Steffi George  , Deepali Raju Shastri  , Meenal Raju Watkar  , Mitali Milind Bodhankar  , Davini Kishore Bobad
Published: July 2022

In the past few decades, there is a large emergence in usage of natural dyes and scents. With the purpose of reducing extreme damage caused to human body due to synthetic substances, most ingredients in cosmetics have been lately shifted to those obtained from natural sources. This ensures maximum efficacy with minimum side effects. In addition to the fragrance and colors, medicinal properties (anti-oxidant property of Neem/Aloe-vera, anti-wrinkle property of Amla, anti-inflammatory property of Turmeric) can also be included in lipsticks and lip glosses to enhance quality and variability. The aim of this study is to formulate tinted lip gloss with subtle colors in addition to the moisturizing effect obtained from natural sources of Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus flower petals) and date seed oil respectively. Such a formulation caters to the practical requirement of a wide population of women in general obtaining color, fragrance and moisturizing property, all in one. The formulated product was evaluated and reported herewith. It gave tinted glossy formulation with a smooth consistency excluding the side effects of beeswax and parabens. The formula produced a beautiful light pink natural color as well as a pleasant scent.
Strategy of online motorcycle taxi drivers’ survival post-COVID-19 pandemic in Medan Selayang District, Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Rosni  , Reja Candi Prima Purba  , Muhammad Arif  , Dita Amanah
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this article is to find out the survival strategy of online motorcycle taxi drivers after the COVID-19 pandemic in Medan Selayang District, Medan City, and North Sumatra. The population in this study are all online motorcycle taxi drivers who are married, totaling 38 people living in Medan Selayang District. The entire population is used as a sample with the sampling technique is purposive sampling. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique, namely analyzing and interpreting the data presented systematically based on facts obtained in the field regarding the survival strategy of online motorcycle taxi drivers after the COVID-19 pandemic in Medan Selayang District. The results showed that the income of online motorcycle taxi drivers before the Covid-19 pandemic which was above the Medan City Minimum Wage was 68.42% with an income of Rp.3, 510,000-Rp.6,500,000. Income that is below the minimum wage is 31.58% with an income of Rp.2, 340,000-Rp.2, 500,000. The income of online motorcycle taxi drivers after the pandemic as a whole is below the minimum wage with an income of Rp.1.170.000-Rp.2.080.000. The last education was SMA/equivalent as much as 78.94%. The majority of online motorcycle taxi drivers have children who are still in school (76.12%). The survival strategies used by online motorcycle taxi drivers are active strategies, passive strategies and network strategies. Passive strategy is the most dominant (56.13%).
Academia-industry linkages: Theoretical and empirical review article
Authors: Sukhjinder Singh  , Babita Kaundal
Published: July 2022

Academia-Industry collaboration is the key step towards the growth and development of economy. The academia is a store house of knowledge and innovation whereas the industry is a sector to convert the knowledge and technique into innovative product. The conversion of research and innovation through universities or research institutions to the marketplace for social benefit necessitates significant and ongoing efforts. As a result, the objective of this article's summary is to go through the mode and challenges of long-term partnership between academics and industry. A total of 40 publications were screened, with data retrieved and analyzed qualitatively using a grounded theory technique. The study focuses on the type of existing interactions and the barriers to collaboration amongst the two actors i.e., academia and industry and grouped into four major themes or core variables that encourage collaborative creation. The themes are form of collaboration, channels of collaboration, barriers and motivation for collaboration. Furthermore, the assessment discovered that developing nations continue to have a research coverage gap when compared to developed ones, indicating that educational partnership is underutilized. As a result, it is suggested that action research be used to improve research in developing countries, with special focus paid to A-I collaboration methods.
Accuracy of skeletal maturation with chronological age and gender of children aged 7 – 15 Years
Authors: Reninditha Hanna Busroni  , Seno Pradopo  , Prawati Nuraini
Published: July 2022

Background: Skeletal maturation has been used as a way to evaluate growth and development and its accuracy with the chronological age of a child. Cervical Vertebrae Maturation method (CVM), assessing changes in the concavity of the inferior border and the shape of the cervical vertebrae C2, C3, C4 which is currently a reliable method. The aim of this study is to analyze the accuracy of skeletal maturation by chronological age and gender in children Aged 7-15 Years. Material and methodology: Cross-sectional study using cephalometrics radiographs of 100 children who were recently undergoing dentoskeletal treatment at the Pediatric Dental Specialist Clinic, RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, 54 girls (mean age 10.91±2.09) and 46 boys (mean age 10.49±1.84) in the age group 7-15 years. Skeletal maturation was analyzed using the Cervical Vertebrae Maturation method by Baccetti. Statistical analysis to examine the differences between chronological age and skeletal maturation using Mann-Whitney. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in skeletal maturation between boys and girls in the age group 12-12.9 (p=0.02) and 13-13.9 (p=0.01) years. Conclusion: Skeletal maturation differs in boys and girls with girls maturing earlier.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of people in Bosomtwe district towards traditional medicine use and their early healthcare-seeking behavior in Ashanti region, Ghana
Authors: Fredrick Larbi Kwapong  , Cornelius Normeshie  , Cherita Eghan  , Henry Adjei- Mensah  , Kwabena Obiri- Yeboah
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Traditional medicine has been practiced for many decades and is found in most countries worldwide. The demand for its services is increasing. In Africa, up to 80% of the population uses traditional medicine one way or the other. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bosomtwe district of Ashanti Region, Ghana. The study consisted of 150 respondents who were conveniently sampled. The eligibility criteria were participants aged 18 years and above who lived in Bosomtwe district. The respondents were interviewed using a questionnaire, and data were collected to assess the people's knowledge, attitude, and practice toward traditional medicine use and their early healthcare-seeking behavior. In addition, chi-squared analysis was used to determine the association between age, gender, educational status, and traditional medicine usage. Result: All the respondents interviewed had heard about traditional medicine, and 58% of them knew the composition of traditional medicine. Most information about traditional medicine in the community was through the media and relatives. 76% of the respondents sought traditional medicine as their preferred primary healthcare option. In comparison, up to 78.7% of the respondents use or have used traditional medicine before, demonstrating higher patronage of traditional medicine use in the communities. The most typical route of administration of traditional medicine among the respondents was via the oral route (44.7%). 46.6% of the respondents use traditional medicine before seeking early medical care and mainly delay at home for one month. 19.5% of the respondents use traditional medicine without medical treatment, and 16.1% use traditional medicine along with hospital treatment. 17.8% use traditional medicine only when medical treatment fails. There was no significant association between age, gender, educational status, and traditional medicine usage. Conclusion: Traditional medicine plays a vital role in the health practices of individuals in the Bosomtwe district and, as such, needs to be educated on the adverse effects, drug-to-drug interactions, and the need to seek hospital treatment early before the illnesses progress to chronicity.
Morphine at inflammatory experimental pain: A review
Authors: Hugo F. Miranda  , Viviana Noriega  , Francisca Moreno  , Fernando Sierralta  , Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate  , Juan Carlos Prieto
Published: July 2022

Pain is a complex entity that can be described in several dimensions, such as, acute pain and chronic pain, characterized by its duration. After the tissue injury, the activation of the sensory nervous tissue occurs from where the different pro-inflammatory mediators are released with the consequent nociceptive transmission that characterizes the genesis of inflammatory pain. The main objective of this study was to review the role of the opioid system, using morphine and MOR opioid receptors as paradigm, in the antinociceptive modulation of inflammatory pain, by means of the formalin test as a model. Various pieces of evidence are compiled that establish the fundamental role of morphine in the inflammatory pain. Morphine has noticeable antinociceptive efficacy in to decrease the inflammatory pain. This review demonstrates the fundamental role that morphine plays in inflammatory pain states and that it could serve as the basis for a new pharmacotherapy of inflammatory pain.
ANALISIS FOOD WASTE PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH IBNU SINA KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Mumpuni Elok , Saniyah Mas'udatus
Published: July 2022

Food waste is still a problem in several hospitals in Indonesia because it is quite high, namely >20%. This causes the patient's food intake to be inadequate, resulting in length of hospitalization and increased patient morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the food waste in RSUD Ibnu Sina Gresik and its causal factors. This research uses descriptive analysis method with cross sectional study. The research subjects were 28 inpatients who were taken using simple random sampling technique. Data processing uses a visual estimation method (visual comstock) with a 6-point scale. The results showed that the most food waste of inpatients at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Gresik Regency was breakfast time with the most contributors being vegetables (>52%). The causative factors include in terms of food quality including a taste that is too salty, too sweet, bland, and an unattractive appearance. So it can be concluded that food waste is still relatively high and it is necessary to modify recipes or menus to increase the patient's preference for food.
ANALYSIS OF THE FEEDING OF FISH AND FISH SKIN WASTE TO THE GROWTH AND RETENTION OF PROTEIN IN DUMBO CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Mubarok Muh. Tsabit , Jumadi Rahmad , Rahim Andi Rahmad
Published: July 2022

African catfish is the leading commodity in Indonesia, which has a speed of growth andis resistant to adverse environmental conditions. Trash fish is a small-sized fish such as fish,stingrays, rebon, turmeric fish and the like, Trash fish is also a fish that has a very loweconomic value. Trash fish has a protein content of 28.28%. Fish skin is the result of samplingfrom slaughtering animals in the form of body organs during the process of difficulty. Waste offish skins in the place of fish milling usually consists of several types of fish including grouper,payus, cob, catfish, catfish, white fish and brass fish. Fish skin waste has 26.9% protein. Thepurpose of this study was to determine the effect of trash fish feeding and fish skin wastefeeding on the growth and protein retention of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Knowingthe effect of feeding combined trash fish and fish skin waste on FCR of African catfish (Clariasgariepinus). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatmentsand 3 replications with the following measurements: (A - trash fish feed 5.3%), (B - fish skinwaste 5.77%), (C - (fish trash (50%) + fish skin waste (50%) with 5.55% administration, (K -Pellet 100% Control 5%). Main parameters include Absolute weight growth (grams), Specificgrowth rate (%), Length Absolute (cm), protein retention, survival and feed conversion ratio(FCR), while supporting parameters include temperature, pH, DO, ammonia, salinity.Researchresults were analyzed using SPSS version 17. Each data in the form of growth, survival andfeed conversion ratio (FCR) was analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with aconfidence level of 95%, if significance (P <0.05) continued with the Tukey test (HSD) to seedifferences between treatments Water quality data and protein retention (% ) analyzeddescriptively based on literature The results of research with pe feed of trash fish and fish skinas well as combination of trash fish (50%) + fish skin waste (50%), for the best absolute weightis the treatment K (Control) with a value of 21.03 g. The best daily growth rate is in thetreatment K (Control) with a value of 1.96% / day. The absolute length rate is in the K (Control)treatment with a value of 3.20cm. The best retention value is the treatment K (Control) with avalue of 36.32%. The lowest feed conversion ratio / FCR is control K at 1.78 g, while for thebest survival (%) is treatment B (fish skin waste) with 90% survival.
MINA PADI PLUS DI LAHAN TADAH HUJAN KABUPATEN GRESIK DI DESA DAHANREJO KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Suhaili Suhaili , Agustina Rohmatin , Aminin Aminin
Published: July 2022

Lahan tadah hujan berpotensi digunakan sebagai areal peningkatan produksi padi. Provinsi Jawa Timur memiliki lahan tadah hujan seluas 240.273 ha. Khususnya di Kabupaten Gresik lahan sawah didominasi oleh lahan tadah hujan, dengan luasan mencapai 29.609 ha, lebih luas dari lahan irigasi yang hanya seluas 8.177 Ha (Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi, 2014).Kendala utama pada lahan tadah hujan adalah produktivitas lahan yang jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan lahan irigasi, Rata-rata hasil bobot gabah kering panen padi di lahan tadah hujan Kabupaten Gresik hanya mencapai 4 ton/ha,. Oleh sebab itu perlu penerapan inovasi pertanian guna meningkatkan produksi padi. Hasil penelitian Khumairoh (2012) menunjukkan bahwa model integrasi padi, bebek, ikan, kompos dan azolla dapat menngkatkan hasil padi mencapai 10,5 ton/ha gabah kering panen. Dalam penelitian Nafisah, Suhaili dan Agustina (2017) menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan rata-rata berat GKG dengan model budidaya integrasi padi-bebek mencapai 20%, dibanding dengan budidaya monokultur. Model pertanian terpadu mina padi plus dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan, melalui pengelolaam aneka ragam agro-ekosistem sawah. Dalam pengabdian ini diterapkan model pertanian integrasi padi, bebek, ikan, udang vaname, kompos dan azolla dengan pembanding model pertanian monokultur yang biasa diterapkan petani.
JENIS SHELTER YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN SINTASAN LOBSTER AIR TAWAR RED CLAW (Cherax quadricarinatus)
Authors: Zaky Khoiru Achmad , Rahim Andi Rahmad , Aminin Aminin
Published: July 2022

Komoditas lobster air tawar mulai masuk Indonesia pada tahun 2000 dan dibudidayakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar udang hias, pada tahun 2003, untuk memenuhi pasar udang hias mulai beralih trend menjadi salah satu jenis udang konsumsi. Jenis Red claw ini mampu bertahan pada kisaran suhu 23-37°C. Suhu diwilayah Indonesia yang berkisar 27-32°C menyebabkan pertumbuhan lobster air tawar yang lebih baik, sehingga lebih berpotensi untuk dibudidayakan. Sifat kanibal adalah penyebab utama mortalitas pada budidaya dan sering terjadi ketika lobster lain mengalami moulting. Pada habitat aslinya lobster menempati sela-sela bebatuan dan membuat lubang pada dasar perairan yang berlumpur untuk bersembunyi. Dalam budidaya diperlukan lubang atau liang persembunyian buatan dengan tujuan yang sama. Penempatan shelter atau liang perlindungan berguna sebagai tempat persembunyian. Pada awal segmen pembesaran, lobster air tawar memiliki frekuensi moulting yang masih tinggi sehingga perlu adanya shelter sebagai tempat berlindung setelah moulting. Ada beberapa liang perlindungan yang berasal dari bahan yang berbeda misalnya roster dari semen, roster dari tanah liat, tumpukan genteng, daun kelapa yang ditumpuk, serta potongan pipa paralon. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen, dengan menggunakan rancangan percobaan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Setiap wadah ditebar benih lobster ukuran 2 inch dengan kepadatan 10 ekor/wadah. Aplikasi shelter pada setiap perlakuan yaitu: A= eceng gondok, B= pipa paralon, C= batu roster, dan D= botol plastik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan shelter yang berbeda hanya menunjukkan perbedaan nyata pada variabel pertumbuhan panjang total , dengan angka tertinggi 0,36 cm pada perlakuan C (Batu roster) dan terendah dengan angka 0,23 cm pada perlakuan D (Botol plastik). Sedangkan variabel bobot mutlak, laju pertumbuhan harian, dan kelangsungan hidup tidak memperlihatkan perbedaan nyata pada semua perlakuan.
PEMBUATAN FORMULASI PAKAN APUNG IKAN BERBAHAN BAKU LOKAL
Authors: Safitri Nur Maulida , Aminin Aminin , Luthfiyah Saidah
Published: July 2022

Pakan merupakan salah satu komponen penting yang menentukan keberhasilan akuakultur, terutama sebagai penyedia energi dalam metabolisme ikan. Namun, hingga saat ini pakan menyita 60-70% dari keseluruhan total biaya produksi, terutama sistem budidaya intensif sehingga perlu dilakukan formulasi pakan menggunakan bahan baku lokal sebagai alternatif yang memiliki kandungan nutrisi tinggi dan harga lebih terjangkau dari pakan komersial. Penelitian menggunakan tepung tulang ikan sebagai bahan utama, dengan penambahan tepung lainnya dan terbagi menjadi 4 perlakuan (P1, P2, P3 dan P4) dengan penambahan pakan pabrik sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan dengan perlakuan P4 memiliki karakteristik fisis dan kimiawi terbaik, dengan daya rekat, daya apung dan daya tahan dalam air yang menyerupai ketahanan pakan pabrik. Keseluruhan perlakuan pakan memiliki total energi lebih dari 1 kkal / gram dengan konversi harga lebih murah >10% dibandingkan pakan buatan pabrik, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa formulasi pakan lokal hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pakan buatan komersial.
AQUASCAPE MENENANGKAN PIKIRAN DAN MELATIH KREATIVITAS SISWA SMA, KECAMATAN WIYUNG KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Firmani Ummul , Azizi Zulfaa Unzila , Luthfiyah Saidah
Published: July 2022

Wiyung Subdistrict is part of Surabaya City, once an agricultural area, but now all agricultural land has been developed into a densely populated residential area and shops. The livelihoods of most residents are traders, builders, factory workers, laborers, private employees and teachers. Wiyung which is part of Surabaya City, the second largest Metropolis City in Indonesia, feels the impact of the development of the city. The bad impact is the high pollution both air, soil and water. Air pollution comes from high smoke from motor vehicles and factories. This causes a lack of access to clean and healthy oxygen and a comfortable and beautiful place to stay free from pollution. For this reason, this community service program is implemented with the aim of providing education about a healthy and beautiful environment to residents, especially school age children. School-age children were chosen because they have great opportunities to develop and there are wide open opportunities to hone their skills to create beautiful environments through aquascape design training. Short-term goal is that they have the skills to make Aquascape to add beautiful and comfortable places to live and as a contributor to oxygen in the home environment. The long term goal is that they will be able to develop their business from the hobby of making Aquascape. The target participants of this program are high school students who live in Putri ‘Aisyiyah Orphanage, Wiyung District. At the Orphanage, children do not have activities to fill free time, so this service program is appropriate if it is there. Aquascape making activities are part of fish and plant cultivation activities. From the results of questionnaire questionnaires and direct interviews with the children and caretakers of the institution it was concluded that they were very enthusiastic about aquascape training because it was a new knowledge and experience for them.
RESPONS TEKNOLOGI DEPURASI TERHADAP KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DALAM KERANG HIJAU HASIL PEMBUDIDAYAAN DI PANTAI BANYUURIP KECAMATAN UJUNG PANGKAH KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Aminin Aminin , Rahim Andi Rahmad , Safitri Nur Maulida
Published: July 2022

The decrease of green mussel production in 3 years (2018 – 2020) was suspected to Pb levels on the whole organ of green mussels, which estimated to 0.7 ppm, in Banyuurip village, Ujung Pangkah, Gresik Regency. The expansion of industrial or domestic (household) activity was claimed to contribute a magnificent waste in the water. The purpose of this study was to analyze Pb levels on the whole organ of green mussles before and after the depuration. This research was implemented in Gayam, Soko Village, Glagah Sub-District, Lamongan Regency. Green mussel samples was taken from Banyuurip beach, where the green mussels culture was done. Then, 10 kg of green mussels was added to several container in size 150 L for depuration procedure. The main parameter in this research was the Pb level on the whole organ of green mussels and water media, and the other parameter was water quality (DO, pH, salinity, temperature and amonia). After performed this research, we expected to give information of depuration technology respond against Pb reduction after flushing inrecirculation system. Research used experimental method with complete random design, consist of 4 treatments and 3 repetition. P1 used as control, P2, P3, P4 (depuration method in 8, 16, and 24 h). The flushing in 24 h was removed Pb 59%, from 0.66 ppm to 0.27 ppm. As this decline, the green mussels which was cultivated by fisherman will be more safety to consume as food products. The result of this depuration with recirculation system was lower and appropriate with BPOM standardization (2009), Perikanan (DKP) No:Kep 20/Men/2004,SK Ditjen POM No. 03725/B/SK/VII/1989, which the limit of pollutan in food products was 1.5 ppm
KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI SALURAN PENCERNAAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Carlina Zinvie , Firmani Ummul , Luthfiyah Saidah
Published: July 2022

The exploration of bacteria needs to be done because of different habitats or aquatic environmental conditions, but also it is different for bacterial communities found in the digestivetract of fish. In the Gresik area, exploration of bacterial communities in the digestive tract, especially tilapia, has not been widely carried out. This study aims to determine the colony ofmorphology, cells, and gram characters of bacteria in the digestive tract of tilapia. As well as the optimal pH and temperature in bacterial rejuvenation. The research was conducted in the KaVe laboratory (Kampung Vannamei), the research procedure is the manufacture of media for bacterial growth, gram staining to determine the properties of bacteria, bacterial growth at different temperatures and pH. In this study, the results of colony morphological characterization of all isolates were round, all surface shapes were raised, the edges for NL 1isolates were irregular, NL 2 was wavy, and NL 3 was irregular. The color of all isolates is white for NL 1, which is yellowish white. And the size of the isolates was NL 1 4 µm, NL 2 8 µm,and NL3 5.65 µm. The rejuvenation results with ph showed no significant difference, while the temperature treatment showed significantly different results, namely the NL 1 and NL 3treatments with optimal temperatures of 27.2 OC and 31.7 OC. The results of this study still need further tests on identification based on biochemical characteristics and bacterial DNAtesting using PCR techniques and testing the ability of bacteria using substrates.
ANALISIS HISTOLOGIS LAMUN Halodule uninervis dan Cymodocea serrulata YANG YANG BERASAL DARI PERAIRAN TERCEMAR LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) DI KEPULAUAN BANGKA
Authors: Aprilya Francischa , Farikhah Farikhah , Rahim Andi Rahmad , Rosalina Dwi
Published: July 2022

Bangka Islands is a coastal area which has many coastal activities such as tin mining activities, ports/docks boatand ship transportation and residential areas. This can provide pollutant input into the water. Seagrass Halodule uninervis and seagrass Cymodocea serrulata is a flowering plant that live in the sea have extensive deployment in the waters of Bangka. One of the marine plants that can be used as a bioindicator of water pollution is seagrass. Seagrass is in the water column and the body parts interact directly with the water. This research was conducted from December 2019 to January 2020. The research sites were in the Laboratory of Muhammadiyah Gresik University and the Laboratory of Pathology, Anatomical Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya Malang. The purpose of this study was to study the anatomical changes in root tissue, rhizome and leaves of Halodule uninervis seagrass andseagrass Cymodocea serrulata in response to contamination of heavy metal lead (Pb). This research was conducted in a descriptive qualitative manner with 3 body parts: roots, rhizome and leaves. The results of this study indicated that the epidermal,cells cortex and endodermalin the roots were thickened. Cell wall thickening occurs in the epidermis Rhizome. Likewise in the leaves, the phloem occurs thickening. In general, changes in the anatomical features of roots, rhizomes, and leaves were observed in response to an increase in lead concentration. The results showed that Halodule uninervis seagrass andseagrass Cymodocea serrulata developed several levels of tolerance to heavy metals, especially lead (Pb).
OPTIMASI SISTEM BUDIDAYA POLIKULTUR DENGAN PENENTUAN KOMPOSISI ORGANISME YANG BERBEDA ANTARA BANDENG (C. chanos), UDANG VANAME (L. vannamei), DAN RUMPUT LAUT (G. verucoss)
Authors: Baedlowi Baedlowi , Rahim Andi Rahmad , Aminin Aminin
Published: July 2022

The application of polyculture cultivation techniques is expected to increase the carrying capacity of farmland in certain circumstances, where production growth will remain stable. In this study, to be cultivated with a polyculture system are bandeng (C. chanos), shrimp vaname (L. vannamei), and seaweed G. verucossa. The increase in productivity of ponds (optimization) can be seen by the increase in fish production related to solid spread in cultivation media. The priority of this study is to examine the difference in density of bandeng, shrimp and  seaweed in the polyculture system. The design in this study is to use complete randomized design (RAL) with 3 treatments, each treatment has 3 replays so there are 9 experimental units. The variables observed are absolute weight and Specific Growth Rate (SGR). The results of this study show that the determination of the composition of different organisms in the polyculture system gives a real influence on absolute weight and SGR with the best treatment for absolute weight is treatment A (density of shrimp and bandeng 10 tails/m2, 250 g/m2 seaweed) is 40.73 g, and the best treatment for SGR is treatment A (shrimp density and bandeng 10 tails/m2, seaweed 250 g/m2) of 1.15 %BB/Day.
HISTOLOGI HATI IKAN BANDENG DARI TAMBAK TRADISIONAL DI KECAMATAN UJUNG PANGKAH, GRESIK
Authors: Firmani Ummul
Published: July 2022

Milkfish is a leading commodity in Gresik Regency, not only because of the high demand but also the high interest in cultivating milkfish as well as the distinctive taste of meat and high nutritional value. Based on interviews with milkfish farmers in Ujung Pangkah District, it is known that the productivity of the milkfish pond has decreased from year to year. The decrease in productivity in fish farming can be caused by various factors, including decreased environmental carrying capacity and water quality. The liver is one of the important organs of higher organisms including fish, which functions to detoxify and secrete chemicals used for the digestive process. The liver plays a role in metabolic processes and the transformation of pollutants from the environment. So, in this study, histological analysis of the milkfish liver was carried out, among others, the aim of which was to determine the health status of milkfish. From the analysis, it is known that the liver tissue of the milkfish in the sampling location is in an unhealthy condition due to congestion, necrosis and tissue damage or loss of connective tissue.
INFEKSI ANISAKID (NEMATODA) PADA IKAN KAKAP MERAH (lutjanus malabaricus) DAN KERAPU (epinephelus sexfasciatus) DI KABUPATEN GRESIK, INDONESIA
Authors: Muttaqin Muhammad Zainul , Mazida Anfa'u , Aminin Aminin
Published: July 2022

Anisakiasis is a human disease caused by infection of Anisakid (nematodes) from the Anisakidae family (genus: Anisakis, Pseudoterranova, and Contracaecum). Anisakid requires several hosts to complete its life cycle: paratenic host (crustacea, cephalopods, shellfish), intermediate host (fish) and a final host (marine mammals). However, humans can be infected by Anisakid by consuming the raw or undercooked host carrying the parasite. The aim of this study is to identify Anisakid in two species of marine fish; red snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus) and grouper (Epinephelus sexfasciatus) obtained from Gresik traditional markets. Anisakid identification was performed by characterization of morphological features using light microscopy. As the results, we found red snapper and grouper fish were infected by the larvae (L3) of Anisakis Type II with infection intensity and prevalence of 3.17 parasites/fish and 60%, 12.75 parasites/fish and 80%, respectively. This finding confirms the presence of Anisakid in fish for human consumption in the Gresik region and justifies further investigation.
UPAYA PENURUNAN LOGAM BERAT PB PADA KERANG HIJAU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAMANAN PANGAN PRODAK UNGGULAN DI DESA BAYUURIP KECAMATAN UJUNG PANGKAH KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Aminin Aminin , Rahim Andi Rahmad , Luthfiyah Sa’idah
Published: July 2022

The existance of metal pollution detected in water and green mussel’s flesh in Bayuurip Village, Glagah Sub-District, Gresik Regency, had a big impact in production and food security in that region. According to 3 years data (2018-2020), the production of green mussels was decreased significantly. Harvest was usually reach to 5-7 tons/day, nevertheless, currently only 1.5-2 tons/day. The size of yields were smaller, the harvest was usually in <5 cm; in size >5-7 cm are very scarce. Besides, the size of green mussels influence its selling price. Although the Pb levels were still lower than threshold from the goverment, nevertheless, the issue of their existance was a major concern, especialy in the decrease of market demand and the increase of citizens awareness of food security. For this reason, through The Internal Community Service Program of UMG, was expected to provide the information to citizens that green mussels are still worth consuming and safety, especially with the use of depuration method; increase the local society awareness to maintain the hygiene, implement depuration technology to keep food product safe and securable. The external expectation of this program is to develop an independent local community, in social economy. This activity was scheduled in Bayuurip Village, Ujung Pangkah Sub-district, Gresik Regency, with several purposes: (1) Applied the depuration technology manipulation to reduce metal pollution in green mussels flesh; (2) Increase the economic value of featured product (green mussels) and its food safety; (3) Develop positive opinion that green mussels are safe to consume after depuration treatment.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK YANG DICAMPUR PAKAN DENGAN DOSIS BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN SINTASAN IKAN NILA SALIN (Oreochromis aureus x niloticus)
Authors: Baedlowi Baedlowi , Aminin Aminin
Published: July 2022

Saline tilapia (Oreochromis aureus x niloticus) is a superior strain that was released by the Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries in 2012. The advantages of saline tilapia are tolerance to high environmental temperatures and high immunity against disease attacks. The feed has an important role in the growth of tilapia and requires 60-70% of the production cost. However, the high price of feed can increase production costs and require cultivators to be more careful and have a good strategy in cultivation. One of the efforts to reduce the cost of feed is the application of probiotics with the right dose. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments and 1 control which was classified into; treatment K (without probiotics), Treatment A (5 ml/kg of feed), Treatment B (10 ml/kg of feed), Treatment C (15 ml/kg of feed). The research was carried out for 28 days, with the conclusion that the best results were obtained by treatment A (5 ml/kg of feed) with an absolute length of 3.28 cm, an absolute weight of 5.87 grams, SGR 0.21% /day, and SR 90%.
PRESERVASI BEKU SPERMATOZOA IKAN CUPANG (Betta splendens) STRAIN HALF-MOON DALAM MADU DAN NACL FISIOLOGIS
Authors: Pertiwi Rika Prihati Cahyaning , Sulistyo Isdy , Sukardi Purnama
Published: July 2022

A study entitled “Chilled Preservation of Spermatozoa Half-moon Strain Fighting Fish (Betta spendens) in Honey and Physiological NaCl”, was conducted to determine preserved spermatozoa motility and viability of Fighting Fish in honey and NaCl solutions, under chilling temperature (-250C). The study applied Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to examine three treatments, i.e aquadest, 0.09% NaCl and honey extenders, with quantuplicates. Data, being spermatozoa motility (%) and viability (time in second), were F-tested (ANOVA) and followed by LSD test (P<0.01). After storage of 7 days, the result showed that spermatozoa motility did not differ between treatments, however the viability of spermatozoa were significantly different (P<0.01). The highest viability was observed in sperm stored in extender Honey averaging 368.90±102.16 seconds, compared to the 0.09% NaCl extender (81.79±8.54 seconds), and aquadest (187.90±35.36 seconds). It was concluded that the Honey, NaCl 0.09% and aquadest as extenders could be used as preservation solution fighting fish spermatozoa. The best viability of spermatozoa was observed in honey extender.
REVIEW PERBEDAAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT PULAU BELITUNG TERHADAP IKAN CEMPEDIK (Osteochilus spilurus)
Authors: Kurniawan Ardiansyah , Triswiyana Ira
Published: July 2022

Cempedik fish (Osteochilus spilurus) is a local fish of Belitung Island that has important economic value in East Belitung but not so in western Belitung. This difference is interesting to compare the perception of the people of West Belitung and East Belitung towards Cempedik Fish. The majority of people in both regions know and consume Cempedik fish. The difference occurs in the way consumers get to fish with the majority in East Belitung getting it from purchases, while most consumers in West Belitung get it from independent fishing. Cempedik consumption patterns are more influenced by the culture of the local community. Cempedik's fishing season in East Belitung is considered to be in the rainy season, while in West Belitung it is in the dry season. The ethno-technology of fishing in the two areas is also different from passive fishing gear in East Belitung and active gear in other areas. Exploitation in large numbers in East Belitung makes the community perceive a decrease in the size and number of Cempedik's catch from year to year so it needs to be domesticated.