bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Counting with Alice
Authors: Moktefi Amirouche
Published: January 2021

There are many mathematical references in Lewis Carroll’s two tales for children: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass (1872). Many critics suggested that Carroll inserted hidden meanings in those passages. We rather consider them as part of the story’s setting and narrative. Yet, those passages may be interpreted and used as convenient to illustrate mathematical ideas. In this paper, we consider two passages from the Alice tales that relate to arithmetic, and we discuss them in relation to issues of personal identity, mathematical certainty, the role of notations and the processes of composition and decomposition in mental calculation. Hence, we show how literary texts can be used to convey ideas related to mathematics, mathematical culture and mathematical education. We conclude on the importance of mathematical writings as literary texts.
Assessment of Confidence Level Among Interns of A Dental College in Performing Various Dental Procedures
Authors: Dixit Siddharth , Dahal Sirjana , Sagtani Alok , Basnet Dixit Punam
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Effectiveness of the learning process can be measured by evaluation of interns’ confidence level in each of the competencies which will be helpful in their future dental practice. This study was conducted to assess self-confidence level of dental interns of a dental college in performing various dental procedures.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 65 dental interns selected by census method. Self-administered questionnaire was provided to the study participants for assessment of their confidence level in different dental procedures. Data were analyzed in the Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 20. Mean and standard deviation for quantitative data and frequency/percentage for qualitative data were calculated.

Results: Majority of dental interns had good confidence in history taking (53, 83.1%), radiography (53, 81.5%), diagnosis (39, 60%), treatment planning (34, 52.3%), scaling (42, 64.6%), preventive resin restorations (39, 60%), anterior composite restorations (35, 53.8%), posterior composite restorations (55, 84.6%), anterior endodontics (29, 44.6%), premolar endodontics (23, 35.4%), treating pediatric patients (43, 66.2%), indirect pulp capping (41, 63.1%), acrylic partial denture design and construction (33, 50.8%) and simple extractions (33, 50.8%). They had poor/least confidence in metal partial dentures design and construction (58, 89.2), bridge preparation (44, 67.7%), molar endodontics (31, 47.7%), bleaching (57, 87.7%), veneering (61, 93.8%) and surgical extractions (38, 58.5%).

Conclusions: The findings of the study concluded that the dental interns were confident in simple dental procedures and had least confidence in complex dental treatments. They need more exposure to the complex procedures during internship to enhance their confidence level.
The primary research about the impact of the estrogen deficiency on NOTCH signaling pathway in osteoarthritis
Authors: Singh Saroj , Bikram Karki Bodh , Mehta Neesha
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Estrogen deficiency is the main risk factor of articular cartilage degeneration, leading to postmenopausal osteoarthritis. Moreover, there were imperfect estrogen-responsive elements that did exist in the 5’-untranslated region of Notch1 and Jagged1. So, our aim was exploring the relationship between estrogen deficiency and the Notch signaling in postmenopausal osteoarthritis.

Methods: These rats were divided into four groups as follows1. bilateral ovariectomy and intra-articular injection of collagenase, 2. bilateral ovariectomy, 3. intra-articular injection of collagenase, 4. intra-articular injection of normal saline. Histological and immunohistochemical staining of joint cartilage were used to evaluate the osteoarthritis model, including the morphological changes of articular cartilage and the relative expression of osteoarthritic biomarkers (IL-1β, MMP-1, and type II collagen). The Notch signaling expression (Notch2) were detected using immunohistochemical staining. In addition, the correlation between the osteoarthritic biomarkers and the Notch2 was also investigated.

Results: The expression level of Notch signaling were significantly decreased in the postmenopausal osteoarthritic joint, comparing with other groups. No significant differences were observed in all noncollagenase induced joint, regardless of whether being undergone ovariectomy. The expression of Notch2 was negatively correlated to IL-1β and MMP-1 in osteoarthritisoppositely, it was positively correlated to type II collagen.

Conclusion: the results hinted that estrogen deficiency reduced the expression of Notch signaling in osteoarthritic joint. Thus, the Notch signaling could be a potential target for treating postmenopausal osteoarthritis.
Reasons for Extraction of Permanent Teeth in Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Kumar Mahat Arun , Kumar Shrewastwa Mukesh
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Many studies conducted in different countries or geographic locations had reported different reasons as a major cause for permanent teeth extractions. Many patients report to our OPD for extraction and refuse other treatment options. This had led to early edentulism and decreased quality of life in our population.

Methods: A sample size of 1000 who had tooth extracted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur and consented to take part were included in this study from April 2019 to March 2022. Collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS) Version 25 and Chi-square test was used to compare between different variables.

Results: A total of 1000 (male 346(34.6%) and female 654(65.4%)) patients underwent extractions of 1306 teeth. The mean age of the patient was 44.27±17.488. Teeth were extracted most commonly in 4th decade of life and third molars were the most commonly extracted teeth. The most common reason for tooth loss is dental caries 939(71.9%). The most common cause for preventable tooth loss were Patient unwillingness to save the tooth 104(37.54%). Complications occurred in 61(4.7%) of cases intra-operatively and 21 (1.6%) cases postoperatively.

Conclusions: Dental caries and its sequelae is the most common reason for extraction of all teeth and in all age group. Most patient visited clinic at the advanced stage where teeth cannot be saved. Failed endodontic treatment had also contributed for negative attitude towards teeth conservation among which majority of treatment has been performed by practitioner not registered in Nepal Medical Council.
Common Peroneal Injury mistaken as Neuraxial Analgesia Complication after Normal Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Kumar Rai Kiran , Marasinghe Priyankara
Published: January 2021

In obstetrics, commonly involved lower limbs neuropathies are peroneal, sciatic and femoral nerves but peroneal nerve palsy is the most common. Causes of peroneal nerve injury during childbirth include, but not limited to, instrument-assisted delivery, prolonged external knee compression from stirrups or hand positioning, knee hyperflexion, prolonged squatting and sometimes neuraxial anaesthetic technique. We present a case of unilateral common peroneal neuropathy in a vaginal delivery patient under epidural technique.
Management of Dentofacial Trauma in a Child with Phocomelia of Upper Limbs: A Rare Case
Authors: Rai Amita , Koirala Bandana , Dali Mamta , Shrestha Sneha
Published: January 2021

Avulsion of a tooth is the total displacement of the tooth out of its socket. It is one of the most serious dental injuries, and replantation is the treatment of choice. Phocomelia is a rare congenital anomaly in which the proximal part of the limb is absent or markedly hypoplastic, with normal or nearly normal hand or foot. A 12-year-old male child reported to the department of Pedodontics with a chief complaint of trauma due to a road traffic accident three hours back. On examination, the patient had underdeveloped both upper limbs, there was avulsion of the maxillary anterior teeth (12, 11, 21), and dentoalveolar fracture in the maxillary anterior region. The patient was also diagnosed as having bilateral congenital distal phocomelia of the upper limbs. Replantation followed by apexification of the avulsed teeth was performed.
Development of Bim (Building Information Modeling) Concept Applied to Projects of Substations Integrated With the Geographic Intelligence System (GIS)
Authors: Azevedo Diogo Martins , Marotti Ana , Cardoso Alexandre , Lamounier Edgard , De Lima Gerson Flávio M. , De Araújo André Luís , Guttler Claudio , De Oliveira Rocha Ricardo , Bartholomeu Claudia
Published: January 2021

In the context of the Brazilian electrical sector, there are no references regarding the application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) and GIS (Geographic Information System) in construction and maintenance of Electric Power Substations projects. Thus, this work proposes the integration of these technologies, since preview experiences in other engineering fields have shown promising advances that could be useful for the management and maintenance of the electrical power market. By associating these technologies, an accurate mapping of the information related to the assets, arrangements, cabling, bus, electrical components, etc, is obtained. Moreover, for this integration works, it is required to design a three-dimensional geometric database of the electric power substation active com-ponents. Inserting one of the database models into a particular point of the project shall bring constructive, operational, and maintenance information. Thus, by combining BIM and GIS in the modeled families, it is possible to obtain more consistent information during the construction phase. This will provide advantages in decision making, providing resources within the corporate communication, and a better understanding of the environment related to an electrical energy substation. Additionally, the location conditions and the surroundings of the substation would be more precise and pertinent, since the components of the substation will become Geo-referenced. The association between these two platforms allows a more intuitive overview of the project, making them adherent to the planning, design, construction, operation, preventive, and corrective maintenance. So, when applying these tools together the company will obtain results almost immediately since all managing features will be accessed through only one integrated information database. This proposal presents the first results of the integration of BIM and GIS, in the context of a Brazilian electric company - Furnas S/A. Results of the implementation of the solution in the context of Substations of the Company are discussed and show the availability of reducing construction costs, alteration planning, logistics, on-demand of the necessary maintenance, prevention of possible accidents, and possibility of updating information in real-time.
Assessment of the Performance of the Financial Architecture of Ukrainian Economy: Budgetary, Stock and Social Aspects
Authors: Melnyk Viktor , Zhytar Maksym , Shchur Roman , Kriuchkova Nataliia , Solodzhuk Tetiana
Published: January 2021

The article describes the scientific and methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the financial architecture of Ukraine's economy on the basis of recommended values of the system of indicators, determining their type, allowable intervals of values taking into account micro- and macrofinancial levels of the hierarchy. The comparative analysis of the corresponding indicators on the countries of the EU and Ukraine for 2009-2018 is presented. The future directions of dynamics of indicators of efficiency of functioning of financial architecture of economy of Ukraine are offered
Organisaatiositoutuminen työurien kaaosteorian valossa
Authors: Järvensivu Anu , Isacsson Annica , Raatikainen Eija , Simola-Alha Nina , Heinilä Henna
Published: January 2021

Organizational Commitment in the Light of Chaos Theory of CareersThe aim of the article was to study organization-al commitment with the framework of chaos theory of careers. The main research question was concerned with the roles of feedback and encouragement. The data was gathered in five social and health sector and IT-sector organiza-tions by group interviews and was analysed with abductive content analyses. The results showed the importance of connecting individual career development with organizational development by participatory feedback and feedforward practices.
“Ei mennyt turha työ hukkaan” – tutkimus työmenetelmän juurtumisesta palvelujärjestelmän asiakastyöhön
Authors: Unkila Kirsi , Savinainen Minna
Published: January 2021

We studied the barriers to and enablers of the diffusion of a new working practice. We used the diffusion of innovations theory as the the­oretical framework for this participatory action study. The data included interviews, memos, notes from workshops and descriptions of the environment in which the new practice was applied. The data were analyzed using induc­tive content analysis. In general, the enablers and barriers were related to factors pertaining to both individuals and structures. The main barriers were lack of digital skills, incompatible data systems and characteristics related to the environment of use or the practice itself. The en­abling factors related to the users’ competence and the operating environment.
Public Policies in the Field of Advanced Materials: International Tendencies and Subsidies to the National Policy for Advanced Materials in Brazil
Authors: Bellucci Felipe Silva , Souza Paula Maria Carlota
Published: January 2021

Currently, advanced materials are a source of the interest for private sector, since they are regarded as the foundation for the promotion of technology-based innovation and, also, because they have the potential to add value and competitive differential. Considering the efforts of the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations and Communications, which has established advanced materials as a priority, this work presents an analysis of the most important international public policies in the field of advanced materials, thus identifying their main characteristics, tendencies and priorities, with intent of subsidizing the devising of a National Plan for Advanced Materials in Brazil.
Correlation Between Serum Ferritin And Liver Function in Thalassemia Patients
Authors: Zainab Qasim Muhammad Al-Yasiri
Published: January 2021

Thalassemia ,is one of the most important hemolytic genetic, diseases that break down red blood cells,Children with thalassemia cannot produce. enough hemoglobin because; the bone marrow cannot produceenough red blood cells to meet their needs and the red blood cells produced ,by them are almost devoid ofhemoglobin, and the disease is divided into alpha, and Beta thalassemia.The current study was designed with the aim of .investigating the relationship between serum ferritin andhepatic enzymes in thalassemia. patients, iron is stored primarily in the form of ,ferritin in liver cells. Thestudy included 60 patients with thalassemia in; Dhi Qar governorate, distributed between. the two genderduring the, research period, their ages ranged between (2 -26) years old, blood samples were taken in orderto testing of. hemoglobin, ferritin, and liver enzymes (ATP, GOT, GPT) , and the same, tests were performedon healthy people 40 person ;as they are a control group.The results recorded; a high percentage of ,thalassemia incidence in males and a decrease in females. Thestudy also showed; that the incidence of thalassemia reached its peak in the age. group (2-6) years anddecreased with age, as it reached its lowest levels in the age, group (22-26) years.The study revealed .a significant decrease (0.05> P) in hemoglobin concentration in thalassemia, patientscompared with the ;control group, and the results recorded a significant; increase (0.05 P <) in theconcentration of ferritin in thalassemia, patients compared with the control group.The current study; also showed a significant increase (P <0.05) in GPT enzyme concentration in thalassemia.patients compared with the control group. There was a significant increase (P <0.05) of GOT enzyme;concentration in patients compared to the ,control group.The results indicated. that there was a significant increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of the ALP enzymein the patients. compared with the control group.
Parents’ Knowledge Concerning School Phobia of their Children in Baghdad City, Iraq
Authors: Abdulmahdi A. Hasan
Published: January 2021

Background: Fear from school can also be described as any rejection by a child to join a school or to havedifficult time attending the school for a complete day by a child. Aims of the study: To describe parentsknowledge of their children with fear from school. Methodology: This study examined the analysis on thedata collected by the Ibn Alhythm primary School all through from the middle of October till the end ofJanuary 2011school year. The sample data took the form of surveys, questionnaires , and interviews by aresearcher with parents who have been analyzed to investigate the associations among variables related tofear from school behaviour. “Ibn Alhythm primary School District ‘s Special Education Department collecteddata during the 2010-2011 school year. In hopes of identifying a representative sample of the school-refusingstudents in the district, the Special Education Department sent participation requests to a random sample of40 of the 40 families described as having students who missed 18 or more days of the Ibn Alhythm primarySchool during the 2010-2011 school year. The information obtained did not include information from anystudents who were in Ibn Alhythm primary School through 1st grade or who missed fewer than 18 daysof school, the information has been analyzed through data analysis. The results: The results of the studyrevealed that the educational program had a positive impact on the knowledge of family members. Theresults of the study have demonstrated that there is a correlation between the mothers’ knowledge and theirdemographic characteristics (age of parents, educational level, occupation, residential area). In general,knowledge of parents related to fear was low. However, the parents applied preventive measure towardstheir children with fear .A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Ibn Alhythm primary school fromthe middle of October till the end of January 2011.Recommendation: Keep the sample group large. Theauthor should get a fair representation of the population in doing so. Parents having a minimum level ofexperiences at school phobia, need a specific education program and training sessions. A specific educationprogram can be designed and described to parent’s who have a minimum level of knowledge to enhancetheir level of knowledge.”
Maternal Anxiety Levels with Newborns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Hilla Maternity and Childbirth Hospital in AL-Hilla City
Authors: Abdulmahdi A. Hasan
Published: January 2021

Aims: To comparing maternal anxiety levels for infants in the NICU and mother in the postnatal care-service(PCS) for stable newborns. Methodology This descriptive study was carried out in Al-Hilla Children’s andBirth Hospital, Al-Hilla City . The 1st 200 families, counting pregnant mother in personal care services(n=100) and pregnant women in neonatal intensive care unit (n=100), backed up by participant as ofMay , 2018. As data gathering tools, including the STAI TX-1-STAI TX-2 inventory, questionnaires wereused to detect the characteristic of mother and newborn. Results Characteristic rates of anxiety were notsubstantially different between NICU neonate mothers and PCS neonate mothers (t = 0.588, p = 0.557),while status level of anxiety varied greatly among the 2 classes (t = -5.109, p = < 0.001). Motherland anxietylevel were determined to be higher for mother whose children in the NICU compared with those of motherwhose children were on personal care-services. Conclusion It can boost anxiety and lead to mothers beinga mother to a newborn sick. During this difficult time, nursing care may rise mothers’ ability to deal with thesick stresses of the newborn
Possible Protective Effects of high- versus low- dose of lutein in combination with irinotecan on Liver of Rats: Role of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis
Authors: Alaa Radhi K1 , Nada N. Al-Shawi
Published: January 2021

Objectives: The current study was designed to describe roles of oxidative stress via the measurementof malondialdehyde and total antioxidant markers, and apoptosis through the measurement of caspase 3marker, as mechanisms of liver toxicity induced by irinotecan; and to explore the possible protective effectsof high- and low- doses of lutein against irinotecan induced toxicity in the liver of rats.Methods: Thirty six (36) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: Groups ?, ratsreceived single oral daily dose of dimethyl sulfoxide (4 ml/kg); Group ?? (irinotecan-treated), receivedsingle oral daily dose of dimethyl sulfoxide (4ml/kg) for 25 days by oral gavage and subsequently receivedirinotecan (50mg/kg) on days: 5, 10, 15 (total dose=150 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection; Groups ???and ?V, received oral dose of lutein (6mg/kg/day) and (24mg/kg/day), respectively by oral gavage for 25successive days (lutein-treated); Groups V and V? (lutein+ irinotecan), received oral dose of lutein (6mg/kg/day) and (24mg /kg/day), respectively by oral gavage for 25 successive days, and subsequently receivedirinotecan (50mg /kg body weight) on days: 5, 10, 15 (total dose=150 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection.Results: Orally-administered lutein with total cumulative dose of irinotecan (Groups V and VI), resultedin significant reduction (P<0.05) of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, andsignificant reduction (P<0.05) of malondialdehyde; but, significant elevation (P<0.05) of serum totalantioxidant capacity; and there was significant reduction in caspase 3in liver tissues homogenates comparedto the corresponding levels in the group of rats administered irinotecan (Group II).Conclusion: Results of the current finding suggested that administration of lutein may be a useful compoundthat alleviated irinotecan induced toxicity to the liver
Assessment of Mothers' Knowledge about Febrile Convulsions of Children at Ibn- Albalady Hospital in Baghdad City
Authors: Ali Obaed Shneshil
Published: January 2021

Background: In terms of occurrence, about of children in the age group of one to five years have at leastone episode of febrile convulsion. These, have recurrent seizures and many get admitted to the hospital.Aims: This study was conducted to assess the level of mother's knowledge about Febrile ConvulsionsMethodology: A descriptive study design has been conducted with pediatric emergency unit at the IbnAlbalady Hospital in Baghdad City during the period from the 3rd March 2020 up to the 13th 2020. Apurposive non probability sample of (100) mother were selected from emergency pediatric unit. Out of thewomen questioned, febrile convulsion was reported by 100 mothers. Table (2) summarizes that the mothersknowledge items concerning child with febrile convulsion. In general, their knowledge were poor to fairin all items, and they are accounted for 2(18.1%), 9(81.9%) respectively, and overall mothers knowledgeabout febrile convulsion were fair. The results illustrate that (48%) of the study sample represent fairknowledge, (39%) were having poor information and (13%) were having good information about childwith febrile convulsion at emergency ward of Ibn- Albalady hospital. The data were collected by usingconstructed questionnaire, which consisted of 11 items self-administrated method used and filled by usingthe questionnaire. Been described of data analyzed through using of two statistical approaches. Descriptivestatistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis.Results: The study results revealed that (48%) of the mothers under study were having fair knowledge.Mothers' knowledge regarding febrile seizures was non-significantly associated with positive history offebrile seizures, urban residence, higher parental education, and working mothers.Conclusions: Generally, mothers’ knowledge regarding their children with febrile convulsions was poor tofair.
Assessment of Children with Thumb Sucking Habit in Babylon City
Authors: Abdulmahdi A. Hasan
Published: January 2021

Aims: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of thumb sucking habit between preschoolersand the effect on their occlusion of the habit.Materials and Methods: 42 of pre-school children aged 4-5 years who were inspected by questioning forthe presence or absence of thumb sucking habit, and thumb examination, and the teeth were examined forthe presence of decreased over flight and overbite or open bite.Results: Total number children have thumb sucking habit, and open bite of them.Conclusion: In this age group (4-5) years , the number of children with thumb sucking habit was consideredhigh and the habit was found to increase the prevalence of malocclusion of deciduous.
Study on Various Evidences of Physiotherapy Interventions for Decision Making towards Management of Stroke
Authors: Suraj B. Kanase
Published: January 2021

Stroke rehabilitation focuses on reducing impairments and functional disability. Regaining functionalindependence in stroke patients in order to participate in usual self-care and daily activities as independentlyas possible in the final aim. .For this New treatment approaches to enhance recovery are been tried outglobally. Implementing this requires timely understanding of disease in order to decide right approach.Clinical decision making for correct assessment strategies will largely influence appropriate treatmentstrategies. It is therefore necessary to find out evidences for understanding traditional strategies and learnnewer skills for treatment
Impact of Internet Addiction Upon Educational Performance of Students Nursing Secondary Schools in Baghdad City
Authors: Iman Hussaein Alwan
Published: January 2021

The study aimed to assess Impact of internet addiction upon educational performance of Students nursingSecondary schools in Baghdad city. A descriptive - analytic study used the assessment approach from 10September 2017 to 30 November 2017 in order to study the impact of internet addiction upon educationalperformance of Students nursing Secondary schools was conducted in Baghdad city. Non probability(purposive) sample is selected for the study which includes (100) students .Data were gathered through thepatients interviewed. Assessment questionnaire consist of two parts contains demographic characteristic,theother part concerning about assessment of internet addict. The validity and reliability of the instrumentwas determined by using through the panel of experts, and internal consistency through the computation ofAlpha Correlation Coefficient. The data have been collected through the utilization of the interview. Datawere analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical (frequencies and percentages).and inferentialanalysis chi by applying the Statistical Package for Social Science version 21.0(SPSS).The finding of thestudy showed that the highest percentage is located within the age group of twenties (46.8%) (130%) theof the sample was female and represents 84.8% aged 20-29 years. distribution of participants within thelevels of Body Image Disorder and distributes as 29.9% having extremely severe level. 32.4% with faceprocedures have very high and high levels of self-esteem. The study concluded that Clients seeking cosmeticSurgery have moderate and severe level ofBody Image and psychological DistressResearcher recommended the first consultation should be with the psychiatric physician before cosmeticsurgery done.
Mood Disorder in Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus in Kirkuk City
Authors: Abbas Lateef Muhe-Aldeen
Published: January 2021

Objective: Assess the severity of mood disorders in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM), andidentify the relationship between the mood disorder and some socio-demographic characteristics amongAdolescents.Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at center of diabetics & endocrine disease in the Kirkukcity, from February, 10th, 2019 up to November 10th, 2019 in order to achieve the objectives of the presentstudy. Non-Probability (Purposive) sample of (70) patients. Developed questionnaire was constructed for thepurpose of the study which consisted of two parts: the demographic characteristics; and Child DepressionInventory (CDI) it is a Likert-type scale consisting of 27 items . The data were collected through the use ofinterview technique (face to face). The data was analyzed through the application of descriptive statisticalanalysis (Frequency, Percentage (%), Mean of Score) and inferential statistic (ANOVA & t. test).Results: The findings of the study indicated that the majority of the sample (40%) of them with age group(16-17 years), (54%) of them were male, (71%) of them single, the most of the sample were graduated fromintermediate school (47%), regarding to the occupation (42.9%) of the sample was student, and in relationto financial status the majority of the adolescent was in barely sufficient and constitute (77%).
Mehrschneidiges Feinbohrwerkzeug
Authors: Vollrath Klaus
Published: January 2021

Die hochgenaue Bearbeitung unterbrochener Bohrungen stellt Zerspaner vor besondere Herausforderungen. In Einzelfällen wird mit einschneidigen Werkzeugen ausgespindelt. Für eine Serienfertigung bei hohen Anforderungen an die Passung ist das jedoch zu langsam und zu aufwendig. Daher hat sich ein Zulieferer für ein Sonderwerkzeug von Mapal zur Fertigbearbeitung von Achsschwingen entschieden.
Erfolgreich mit durchgängiger 3D-CAD/CAM-Prozesslösung
Authors: Valnion Bernhard
Published: January 2021

Eine Gesamtlösung aus NC-Programmiersystem, Maschinensimulation, NC-Programmverwaltung und DNC sorgt für kürzere Bearbeitungszeiten und einen effizienteren Gesamtprozess beim Spezialisten für Allradgetriebe Oberaigner.
Effiziente Achsträgerfertigung
Authors: Herter Jasmin
Published: January 2021

Die Welt der Metallzerspanung unterliegt einem stetigen Wandel. Den immer höher werdenden Anforderungen der Automobilisten – die aktuell durch die Themen Leichtbau und E-Mobilität geprägt sind – gilt es, mit innovativen Fertigungsstrategien gerecht zu werden. Am Beispiel von Fahrwerksteilen aus AlSi9 wird gezeigt, wie dies mit spezialisierten Sondermaschinen und integrierten Werkzeuglösungen prozesssicher gelingt.
Wissensbasierte Prozessfeinplanung bei Drehprozessen
Authors: Stamm Siebo , Krause Raphael , Dittrich Marc-André , Denkena Berend
Published: January 2021

Flexibilität und ein kontinuierlich hohes Qualitätsmaß, zum Beispiel das Erreichen einer bestimmten Oberflächenrauheit, sind der Schlüssel zu einer erfolgreichen Fertigung. Trotz Fortschritten im Bereich der Datenaufnahme und -analyse wird die Prozessfeinplanung insbesondere beim Drehen oft manuell, auf Grundlage der Erfahrung des jeweiligen Maschinenbedieners, durchgeführt. Diese Abhängigkeit vom Wissen einzelner Mitarbeitender reduziert die Flexibilität der Fertigung.
Detektion von Bauteilfehlern aus Maschinendaten
Authors: Fertig Alexander , Weigold Matthias , Bauerdick Christoph
Published: January 2021

Durch die zunehmende Vernetzung und Digitalisierung von Werkzeugmaschinen und Automatisierungskomponenten ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, Signale mit hohen Datenraten und großer Vielfalt aufzuzeichnen. Untersucht wurde eine prozessparallele Detektion von Bauteilfehlern auf Basis interner Werkzeugmaschinendaten. Die Chancen und Grenzen für diesen neuartigen Ansatz zur hauptzeitparallelen Qualitätssicherung werden erörtert.
Taktiles Messen für weniger Maschinenstillstand
Authors: Müller Patricia
Published: January 2021

Ob Gehäuse für Antrieb, Getriebe, Elektropumpe oder elektrische Lenkung – die Firma Alupress fertigt komplexe Druckgussteile aus Aluminium in Großserie, und zwar µm-genau. Damit das funktioniert, sind hochpräzise Werkzeuge gefragt. Für die Einstellung der Tools kommt das neue „Uniset-P“ von Mapal zum Einsatz.
Ausschuss beim Tiefziehen tendiert gegen null
Authors: Drechsel Theo
Published: January 2021

Treten beim Tiefziehen von Blechen Probleme wie Risse oder Falten auf, so ändert sich auch der Blecheinzug. Das Institut für Virtuelle Produktion (IVP) der ETH Zürich nutzte diese Tatsache und entwickelte in enger Zusammenarbeit mit der Software-Firma AutoForm eine Methode zur automatischen Regelung der Presse. In einem Pilotprojekt konnte dadurch die Ausschussquote beim Ziehen von Spülbecken deutlich reduziert werden.
Dezentrale Produktionssteuerung in der Werkstattfertigung
Authors: Denkena Berend , Dittrich Marc-André , Keunecke Lars , Fohlmeister Silas
Published: January 2021

Durch die Digitalisierung und die zunehmende Vernetzung von Produktionssystemen kann die Aufgabe der Fertigungssteuerung schrittweise automatisiert werden. Die hierfür notwendige Verknüpfung der digitalen Planungskomponenten mit den physischen Komponenten der Produktion wird über cyber-physische Systeme (CPS) realisiert, indem dezentrale Softwareagenten die Aufträge und Maschinen repräsentieren. Hierdurch wird eine hohe Flexibilität und Skalierbarkeit auf der Betriebsleitebene erreicht.
Effiziente Großteilbearbeitung
Authors: Bose-Munde Annedore
Published: January 2021

Werkzeugbauer stellen mit ihren Erzeugnissen das Know-how für die Fertigung bereit. Und so müssen auch die Unternehmen, die Komponenten für den Werkzeugbau herstellen, effiziente und verlässlich Abläufe sowie hohe Qualitätsstandards in ihrer Fertigung sicherstellen. Mit der richtigen Anlagentechnik gelingt das.
Vorstoß in neue Dimensionen
Authors: Reichel Ina
Published: January 2021

Die erste Portalfräsmaschine einer neuen Reihe von Fooke arbeitet seit Ende 2019 bei AWM Arnstädter Werkzeug- und Maschinenbau. Auch für den Anwender ist damit eine Premiere verbunden: Das Unternehmen stößt in neue Größenordnungen vor und kann nun Werkzeuge bis zu 20 t bearbeiten. Bisher war die Kapazität auf 10 t begrenzt.
Additive Fertigung keramischer Schneidstoffe
Authors: Weigold Matthias , Scherer Timo , Schmidt Eric , Schwentenwein Martin , Prochaska Thomas
Published: January 2021

Die additive Fertigung von Schneidstoffen bietet die Chance, leistungsfähigere Zerspanungswerkzeuge herzustellen. Vorgestellt wird zum einen das Lithography-based Ceramic-Manufacturing-(LCM)-Verfahren und zum anderen die Entwicklung damit gefertigter Wendeschneidplatten (WSP). Die Funktionstauglichkeit dieser keramischen WSP wird in Außenlängsdrehversuchen an vermicularem Gusseisen untersucht.
Energie gepaart mit Emotionen
Authors: Müller Bernd
Published: January 2021

Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler ist in der sechsten Saison wieder einer der Titelfavoriten in der ABB FIA Formel-E-Meisterschaft – dies auch dank der Technologiepartnerschaft mit Zeiss. Die erste rein elektrische Rennserie der Welt stellt ganz neue Anforderungen an die Messtechnik.
Angewandte Industrie 4.0 im Werkzeugbau
Authors: Drechsel Theo
Published: January 2021

Spritzgießwerkzeuge von Hoefer & Sohn sind gefragt. Seit vielen Jahren schon trägt bei CAD und CAM die modulare 3D-Branchenlösung „Visi“ entscheidend zum Erfolg des in Fürth ansässigen Traditionsunternehmens bei. Seit Kurzem ist auch die neue Fräs- und Senkerodierzelle eng in den Workflow eingebunden. Der Clou: Über das Farbsystem werden jetzt auch die Messpunkte für die Elektroden automatisch gesetzt.
Hochleistungs-Zerspanung von Stahl-Schmiedeteilen
Authors: Vollrath Klaus
Published: January 2021

Vergütungsstähle bieten eine hohe Festigkeit, neigen aber zur Bildung langer Späne, die schwer abzuführen sind. Entsprechend groß sind die Anforderungen an Werkzeugmaschinen, die für die Hochleistungs-Bearbeitung von Teilen aus diesem Werkstoff eingesetzt werden. Ein Schmiedeteil-Zulieferer zerspant seine Werkstücke mit Erfolg auf einem doppelspindligen Bearbeitungszentrum und liefert die Bauteile fertig bearbeitet an den Kunden aus, was ihm Wettbewerbsvorteile verschafft.
Zerspanen vom Prozess gedacht
Authors: Vollrath Klaus
Published: January 2021

Bei der zerspanenden Herstellung von Bauteilen stehen die Taktzeiten und Werkzeugkosten umso mehr im Vordergrund, je größer die zu bearbeitenden Serien sind. Bei hohen Stückzahlen, die beispielsweise im Automobilsektor üblich sind, müssen deshalb die Eigenschaften sowohl der Werkzeugmaschine als auch der Werkzeuge optimal aufeinander – und ebenso auf den jeweiligen Fertigungsprozess – abgestimmt sein.
Präzisionswerkzeuge mit digitaler Beratung rasch finden
Authors: Fürst Jürgen
Published: January 2021

Wie lassen sich Zerspanungserfahrung und Fertigungsexpertise digital vermitteln? Die Antwort lautet: Indem die Beratungskompetenz mit einem Webshop verbunden und den Kunden somit in Kombination zur Verfügung gestellt wird.
Drehteile-Zulieferer setzt auf Industrie 4.0
Authors: Pogrezeba Kathrin
Published: January 2021

Ein Dreh- & Frästeileanbieter setzt in seiner Fertigung auf hochmoderne Technik und nutzt zum Beispiel eine Fertigungszelle, die von einem 6-Achs-Roboter be- und entladen wird. Ebenso hohe Anforderungen stellt der Zulieferer an die Softwareunterstützung. Alle bei der Fertigung anfallenden Dokumente wie CAD-Zeichnungen, Werkzeuglisten oder Einrichteblätter lassen sich mit dem Fertigungsdatenmanagement effizient verwalten.
Spanende Nachbearbeitung additiv gefertigter Bauteile
Authors: Glavas Ante , Thimm Benedikt , Schwanekamp Tobias
Published: January 2021

Additiv gefertigte Bauteile haben häufig eine für den späteren Einsatz unzureichende Oberflächenqualität und Maßhaltigkeit. Zur Erfüllung der funktionalen Anforderungen ist daher oft eine spanende Nachbearbeitung erforderlich. Für die Auslegung von Zerspanwerkzeugen und Prozessen bleibt die Frage, wie derartige Werkstoffe die Spanbildung beeinflussen. Aufgrund des schichtweisen Aufbaus im Additivprozess können sich Anisotropien in den Werkstoffeigenschaften ausbilden. Diese wirken sich auch auf den Zerspanprozess aus.
Fehlerfreie Programmierung komplexer Bauteile
Authors: Valnion Bernhard
Published: January 2021

Der Schweizer Lohnfertiger Werkhalle Schmid AG will bei der Umsetzung seiner Digitalisierungsstrategie das Optimum erreichen. Daher setzt er auf die moderne Virtual-Machining-Prozesslösung von Coscom. Dadurch konnten die Rüstzeiten in der Fertigung auf ein Minimum reduziert werden.
Mit neuronalen Netzen 3D-Modelle in Echtzeit beurteilen
Authors: Nickchen Tobias
Published: January 2021

Nicht alles, was denkbar ist, lässt sich auch umsetzen. Diese Erkenntnis gilt ebenfalls für die additive Fertigung. Ein Forschungsprojekt zeigt, wie die Produzierbarkeit von 3D-Modellen mit einem Deep-Learning-Ansatz bewertet werden kann.
Erfahrungen mit alternativen Kraftmessungen/Experiences with alternative force measurements - Comparing sensor-integrated toolholders to traditional piezo-based measurement technology
Authors: Georgi Patrick , Eschelbacher Ssrah , Stehle Thomas , Möhring Hans-Christian
Published: January 2021

Die Prozessüberwachung spielt in der Zerspanung eine immer wichtiger werdende Rolle. So können zum Beispiel mittels Zerspankraftmessungen ökonomisch optimierte Parameter in Zerspanprozessen gefunden werden, die zu einer Verbesserung der Auslastung von Werkzeug und Maschine führen. Des Weiteren kann über die Zerspankraft auf den aktuellen Verschleißzustand der Werkzeuge im Prozess sowie auf die jeweils erreichbare Bearbeitungsgenauigkeit zurückgeschlossen werden. Für Zerspankraftmessungen gibt es eine Vielzahl an zur Verfügung stehenden Kraftmesssystemen; zum einen traditionelle Messtechnik auf Basis von Piezosensoren zur Kraftmessung und zum anderen Kraftmesstechnik auf der Basis von Dehnmessstreifen (DMS). Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Kraftaufnahme bei Fräs- und Bohrprozessen, bei denen beide Kraftmesssysteme simultan eingesetzt wurden.

 

Process monitoring plays an increasingly important role in machining. For example, through cutting force measurements, it is possible to find economically optimal parameters in the milling process, which lead to an improvement in the utilization of the tool and the machine. Furthermore, the cutting force can be used to deduce the state of wear of the tools in the process. There are varieties of available force measuring systems for this purpose; on the one hand, traditional measuring technology based on piezo sensors for force measurement and the other force measuring technology based on strain gauges (strain gauges). This article examines the force absorption in milling and drilling processes where both force-measuring systems were used simultaneously.
Automatisierte Werkstückfixierung/Automated workpiece clamping – Shape-adaptive fixturing of shell elements for machining tasks with industrial robots
Authors: Schütz Andreas , Helfesrieder Nico , Lechler Armin , Verl Alexander
Published: January 2021

Der Einsatz von Industrierobotern erlaubt auch kleineren Betrieben die Automatisierung verschiedener Bearbeitungsschritte. Daraus resultierende Möglichkeiten für die flexible Kleinserienfertigung stellen jedoch gleichzeitig große Anforderungen an die Werkstückaufspannung. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Konzept für eine vollautomatische Werkstückfixierung vor, welche die Bearbeitung von großflächigen Schalenelementen aus leicht zerspanbaren Werkstoffen durch Umpositionieren von Vakuumgreifern während der spanenden Bearbeitung ermöglicht.

 

The use of industrial robots enables small-sized enterprises to automate various processing steps. The possibilities for flexible small series production result in great demands being placed on workpiece clamping. A concept for fully automatic workpiece fixturing is presented to enable the manufacturing of large-area shell elements that are made of easily machinable material by dynamic repositioning of vacuum grippers during machining.
Framework kognitive Produktionsarbeit 4.0/Framework for Cognitive Production Work 4.0 – Conceptualization and Model Approach for the Production System of the Future within the Future Work Lab
Authors: Schumacher Simon , Pokorni Bastian
Published: January 2021

Das Future Work Lab ist ein Innovationslabor für Arbeit, Mensch und Technik am Standort Stuttgart mit Fokus auf Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) und vernetzter Arbeitsorganisation. Ein zentraler Bestandteil ist das Framework kognitive Produktionsarbeit 4.0, das als Referenzmodell für das Themenfeld Produktionsarbeit 4.0 dienen soll. Ein entsprechendes Konzept wurde in einem interdisziplinären Projektteam entwickelt. In diesem Beitrag wird das Grobmodell vorgestellt und die weitere Forschungsagenda präsentiert.

 

The Future Work Lab is an innovation lab for work, people and technology in Stuttgart, Germany with a focus on artificial intelligence and interconnected work organisation. A key component consists of the framework for cognitive production work 4.0, which will serve as a reference model for the research topics. A corresponding concept was developed in an interdisciplinary project team. In this article the raw model is introduced and the further research agenda is presented.
Edge- und cloudbasierte Prozessüberwachung/Edge and Cloud-based Process Monitoring and Control: System Identification and Control of Machine Tools under consideration of Data Protection
Authors: Schmucker Benedikt , Busch Maximilian , Zäh F. Michael
Published: January 2021

Methoden der Systemidentifikation ermöglichen, das dynamische Verhalten von Werkzeugmaschinen zu ermitteln und Prozessparameter während der Bearbeitung zu optimieren. Der Verwendung cloudbasierter Ansätze erlaubt dabei die Auswertung großer Datenmengen und die Aggregation von Informationen über verschiedene Anlagen und Produktionsstandorte hinweg. Um die Bereitschaft der Maschinenbetreiber zu erhöhen, diese Daten über Unternehmensgrenzen hinaus bereitzustellen, müssen die Informationen noch innerhalb des Unternehmens anonymisiert und verschlüsselt werden.

 

System identification methods allow the determination of the dynamic behaviour of machine tools and the optimization of process parameters during machining operation. Cloud-based approaches facilitate the evaluation of large amounts of data and the aggregation of information from various machine tools and production sites. However, in order to increase the willingness of companies to make this data available across company boundaries, the information must be transferred in an anonymous and encrypted state.
Technologieradar für die autonome Produktion/Technology radar for autonomous production – Systematic identification of technologies for the vision of an autonomous production system
Authors: Schumacher Simon , Bauer Dennis , Bauernhansl Thomas
Published: January 2021

Industrie 4.0 strebt anhand der Vernetzung mit cyber-physischen und autonomen Systemen in Richtung autonomer Produktion. Ein bestehendes technologieunabhängiges Stufenmodell für die autonome Produktion soll um die systematische Identifikation von Technologien erweitert werden. Für dieses Vorhaben wird ein allgemeingültiges methodisches Vorgehen vorgestellt. Die Technologien werden mittels Technologiesteckbriefen und „Concept Maps“ für thematische Merkmalsfelder identifiziert und durch ein Technologieradar eingeordnet. Zudem werden technologische Entwicklungsfelder für die autonome Produktion aus der Analyse abgeleitet und der weitere Forschungsbedarf aufgezeigt.

 

Industrie 4.0 strives towards autonomous production based on interconnectedness and integration as well as cyber-physical and autonomous systems. An existing technology-independent stage model for autonomous production is extended by the systematic identification of technologies through a generally applicable methodological approach. Technologies are identified by means of technology profiles and concept maps for thematic characteristic fields and classified by a technology radar. In addition, the paper uncovers technological development fields for autonomous production and highlights further research needs.
Digitale Planung symbiotischer Montagesysteme/Digital planning of symbiotic assembly systems. Integration of electrified trucks in existing assembly lines of conventional trucks
Authors: Voit Patrick , Voringer Bernhard , Neuhäuser Thomas , Hohmann Andrea , Reinhart Gunther
Published: January 2021

Zum Erreichen der Klimaziele hat die europäische Kommission eine Senkung der CO2-Emissionen für Lastkraftwagen festgelegt. Nutzfahrzeughersteller müssen also zeitnah elektrifizierte LKW am Markt anbieten. Um dieser Herausforderung mit wettbewerbsfähigen Produktionskonzepten zu begegnen, wird ein Vorgehensmodell zur digitalen Planung eines symbiotischen Montagesystems vorgestellt, welches die gemeinsame Herstellung elektrifizierter und konventioneller LKW ermöglicht.

 

In order to achieve the climate goals, the European Commission has defined regulations for the reduction of CO2 emissions for trucks. Thus, commercial vehicle manufacturers soon have to offer electrified trucks on the market. To ensure a competitive production, the paper presents a process model for the digital planning of symbiotic assembly systems producing both electrified and conventional trucks.
Monetäre Bewertung eines Anreizsystems/Economic feasibility study of an incentive system for motivating manual assembly employees
Authors: Sochor Robin , Merkel Lukas , Braunreuther Stefan , Reinhart Gunther , Greiter Franz
Published: January 2021

Digitale, kognitive Assistenz- und betriebliche Anreizsysteme können zusammen Leistungsvoraussetzungen und -bereitschaft manueller Montagemitarbeiter fördern. Dieser Beitrag liefert eine Methode zur unternehmensspezifischen Quantifizierung des wirtschaftlichen Mehrwertes einer Anreizimplementierung zur Stimulation von Montagequalität, -produktivität und Wissensweitergabe.

 

Digital, cognitive assistance systems and operational incentive systems are able to improve the prerequisites and motivation for better performance of assembly workers. This article shows a method to quantify the economic value added by the implementation of an incentive system to stimulate quality, productivity and spread of knowledge in the manual assembly.