bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between maternal and paternal mental illness and risk of injuries in children and adolescents: nationwide register based cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Nevriana Alicia , Pierce Matthias , Dalman Christina , Wicks Susanne , Hasselberg Marie , Hope Holly , Abel Kathryn M , Kosidou Kyriaki
Published: April 2020

Objective

To determine the association between parental mental illness and the risk of injuries among offspring.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Swedish population based registers.

Participants

1 542 000 children born in 1996-2011 linked to 893 334 mothers and 873 935 fathers.

Exposures

Maternal or paternal mental illness (non-affective psychosis, affective psychosis, alcohol or drug misuse, mood disorders, anxiety and stress related disorders, eating disorders, personality disorders) identified through linkage to inpatient or outpatient healthcare registers.

Main outcome measures

Risk of injuries (transport injury, fall, burn, drowning and suffocation, poisoning, violence) at ages 0-1, 2-5, 6-9, 10-12, and 13-17 years, comparing children of parents with mental illness and children of parents without mental illness, calculated as the rate difference and rate ratio adjusted for confounders.

Results

Children with parental mental illness contributed to 201 670.5 person years of follow-up, while children without parental mental illness contributed to 2 434 161.5 person years. Children of parents with mental illness had higher rates of injuries than children of parents without mental illness (for any injury at age 0-1, these children had an additional 2088 injuries per 100 000 person years; number of injuries for children with and without parental mental illness was 10 235 and 72 723, respectively). At age 0-1, the rate differences ranged from 18 additional transport injuries to 1716 additional fall injuries per 100 000 person years among children with parental mental illness compared with children without parental mental illness. A higher adjusted rate ratio for injuries was observed from birth through adolescence and the risk was highest during the first year of life (adjusted rate ratio at age 0-1 for the overall association between any parental mental illness that has been recorded in the registers and injuries 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.26 to 1.33). Adjusted rate ratios at age 0-1 ranged from 1.28 (1.24 to 1.32) for fall injuries to 3.54 (2.28 to 5.48) for violence related injuries. Common and serious maternal and paternal mental illness was associated with increased risk of injuries in children, and estimates were slightly higher for common mental disorders.

Conclusions

Parental mental illness is associated with increased risk of injuries among offspring, particularly during the first years of the child’s life. Efforts to increase access to parental support for parents with mental illness, and to recognise and treat perinatal mental morbidity in parents in secondary care might prevent child injury.
Hospital-based sentinel surveillance forStreptococcus pneumoniaeand other invasive bacterial diseases in India (HBSSPIBD): design and methodology
Authors: Rajkumar Prabu , Bharathy Sukumar , Girish Kumar C P , Veeraraghavan Balaji , Verghese Valsan , Gupta Nivedita , Kangusamy Boopathi , Ravi Muthusamy , Jayaraman Yuvaraj
Published: April 2020

Introduction

Streptococcus pneumoniaeis one of the frequently isolated organisms and an important aetiological agent of invasive bacterial diseases (IBD) like pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis. As a measure to control the burden of IBD, the Government of India introduced Pneumoccocal Conjugate Vaccine-13 (PCV-13) in the Universal Immunization Program in high burden districts of five states in a phased manner from 2017 onwards. It is essential to understand the trend of circulating pneumococcal serotypes associated with IBD in the prevaccination and postvaccination scenarios to decide on the expansion of vaccination programmes and PCV reformulation. This manuscript describes the protocol for hospital-based sentinel surveillance forS. pneumoniaeand other organisms causing IBD across various geographical regions in India.

Methods and analysis

Hospital-based surveillance is established in selected hospitals to recruit children aged 1–59 months with symptoms of pneumonia and other IBD. Diagnostic criteria were adapted from standard WHO case definitions. Case Report Forms (CRFs) are used to collect data from the enrolled children. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and other normally sterile body fluids are collected and subjected to microscopy, cytology, latex agglutination, biochemistry, bacteriological culture and real-time PCR as applicable. Pneumococcal isolates are serotyped and tested for assessing antimicrobial resistance patterns. Data will be analysed by simple descriptive statistics to estimate the proportion of pneumonia and other IBD due toS. pneumoniae,Hemophilus influenzaetype b andNeisseria meningitidis. Prevalence of bacterial infection, circulating pneumococcal serotypes, antibiotic resistance patterns, serotype variability across seasons and regions will be described in terms of percentage with 95% confidence interval.

Ethics and dissemination

The institutional review boards of the coordinating centre, all sentinel sites, regional and national reference laboratories approved the project. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and shared with stakeholders for deciding on revising vaccination strategy appropriately.
Maisonneuve fracture in a cat: disruption of the tibiofibular ligament and proximal fibular fracture
Authors: Piana Francesco , Langley‐Hobbs Sorrel J
Published: April 2020

Complete tibiofibular ligament rupture leading to instability of the talocrural joint was diagnosed in a cat after a slow‐speed car accident. Concomitant injuries included fracture of the proximal fibula and talocalcaneocentral luxation. In humans, an injury that includes a proximal fibular fracture and disruption of the tibiofibular ligament is described as a Maisonneuve fracture. Restoration of the tibiofibular ligament was achieved with a 1.5 mm positional screw, which also restored stability to the talocrural joint. A 2.0 mm screw was used to reduce the talocalcaneocentral luxation. No complications related to implants and healing process were registered at clinical follow‐up after 8 weeks and on radiographs. A satisfactory return to function was documented long‐term at 18 months postoperatively. From this clinical experience, the tibiofibular ligament appears to play an important role in maintaining stability to the lateral aspect of the talocrural joint and cats with proximal fibular fractures should be checked for concurrent tibiofibular ligament rupture as seen in the Maisonneuve fracture in humans.
Epidemic, Endemic, or Stewart–Bluefarb? When Several Forms of Kaposi Seem to Dispute Paternity
Authors: Adegbidi Hugues , Dégboé Bérénice , Akpadjan Fabrice , Agbessi-Mekoun Nadège , Koudoukpo Christiane , Kouassi Alida , Atadokpede Félix
Published: April 2020

The role of human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) is demonstrated in the occurrence of Kaposi’s disease, but the role of cofactors is still hardly known. We report a case of Kaposi’s disease which occurred 10 years after a local trauma in an HIV-positive patient from Central Africa. A 38-year-old female, from and living in Central Africa, consulted for angiomatous papulo-nodules associated with purple-colored macules and painful lymphoedema of the right leg and foot that had been developing for 6 months. She reported a history of posttraumatic lymphoedema of the affected limb as a result of a road accident that occurred ten years earlier. The mucous were healthy. There was no sign of systemic lesions. The diagnosis of Kaposi’s disease was evoked with, in differential, a Stewart–Bluefarb syndrome-type of pseudo-Kaposi and an epidemic Kaposi disease. Retroviral serology was positive to HIV1 with a CD4 count of 600 cells/mm3. Histopathology of the lesions and duplex ultrasonography could not be performed. The rest of the biological assessment was without particularity. The diagnosis of epidemic Kaposi’s disease associated with cofactors involved in endemic Kaposi’s disease and Stewart–Bluefarb syndrome was retained. An antiretroviral treatment (emtricitabine, tenofovir, and efavirenz) allowed to obtain after 6 months a noticeable improvement of the lesions and a disappearance of the pain with however the persistence of a residual lymphoedema. This is a special case of Kaposi’s disease that seems to involve several factors. The role of cofactors in Kaposi’s disease remains to be elucidated.
Three Curative Pancreatectomies for the Metachronous Appearance of Pancreatic Invasive Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Miyagawa Yusuke , Kitazawa Masato , Kitahara Hiroe , Karasawa Yukihiko , Orii Takashi , Soejima Yuji
Published: April 2020

We report a rare case of a patient who underwent 3 successful curative operations for the metachronous appearance of pancreatic cancer. In July 2007, a 54-year-old woman underwent pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. In March 2010, a tumor measuring 9 mm in diameter was detected in the tail of the pancreas on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging. The pancreas tail was subsequently resected while preserving the pancreatic body. In February 2011, CT revealed a cystic tumor measuring 2.5 cm in diameter in the remnant pancreatic body without any metastasis; therefore, total resection of the residual pancreas was performed in April 2011. The first resected tumor was histopathologically diagnosed as undifferentiated adenocarcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells. Additionally, the third resected tumor had similar undifferentiated components. Contrarily, the second resected tumor was diagnosed as a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. We consider that the tumor from the third operation was an intra-pancreatic metastasis of the primary cancer and that the tumor from the second operation was the second primary cancer. The patient responded well with good control of surgical diabetes for 92 months since the last pancreatectomy. This case suggested that aggressive repeated resection for recurrent pancreatic invasive ductal adenocarcinoma is beneficial in limited cases.
Autopercepção da saúde bucal de idosos
Authors: Kreve Simone , D'Ávila Gabriela Carolina , Santos Leticia Oliveira , Cândido dos Reis Andréa
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Avaliou-se a autopercepção das condições de saúde bucal de um grupo de idosos por meio da aplicação do índice General Oral Health Assessment Index (Gohai). Métodos: Participaram do estudo 136 idosos, frequentadores do Centro de Revitalização da Terceira Idade (Certi), onde aplicou-se um questionário com questões do índice Gohai sobre a autopercepção das condições bucais. Realizou-se análise descritiva do resultado de cada uma das perguntas. Resultados: Dos idosos entrevistados, 78,7% responderam sempre sentir dor ou desconforto ao deglutir; 55,1% relataram desconforto em comer algum alimento, e 66,9% relataram insatisfação com a aparência da sua boca. A média global do índice Gohai quando aplicada à escala de interpretação foi de 28,88, classificada com uma percepção de saúde bucal “ruim” sobre a qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Os idosos avaliaram negativamente suas condições bucais pelo desconforto em comer, dificuldade/dor para deglutir e insatisfação com sua condição bucal.
Manipulating Spin Current in the Magnetic Nanopillar
Authors: Yang T. , Hirohata A. , Kimura T. , Otani Y.
Published: April 2020

Because of the capability to switch the magnetization of a nanoscale magnet, the spin transfer effect is critical for the application of magnetic random access memory. For this purpose, it is important to enhance the spin current carried by the charge current. Calculations based on
the diffusive spin-dependent transport equations reveal that the magnitude of spin current can be tuned by modifying the ferromagnetic layer and the spin relaxation process in the device. Increasing the ferromagnetic layer thickness is found to enhance both the spin current and the spin accumulation.
On the other hand, a strong spin relaxation in the capping layer also increases the spin current but suppresses the spin accumulation. To demonstrate the theoretical results, nanopillar structures with the size of ∼100 nm are fabricated and the current-induced magnetization switching behaviors
are experimentally studied. When the ferromagnetic layer thickness is increased from 3 nm to 20 nm, the critical switching current for the current-induced magnetization switching is significantly reduced, indicating the enhancement of the spin current. When the Au capping layer with a short
spin-diffusion length replaces the Cu capping layer with a long spin-diffusion length, the reduction of the critical switching current is also observed.
Simulation-Based Comparison of Cell Design Concepts for Phase Change Random Access Memory
Authors: Kim Dae-Hwang , Merget Florian , Först Michael , Kurz Heinrich
Published: April 2020

The RESET operation of different design concepts for phase change random access memory (PCRAM) cell is studied and compared using a three dimensional simulation model. This numerical algorithm comprises four interacting sub-models, which describe the electrical, thermal, phase change,
and percolation dynamics in the PCRAM devices during the switching operation. The so-called vertical, confined, and lateral cell geometries are evaluated in terms of their current requirements for RESET operations, which is one of the most critical issues for an achievement of high integration
densities. The advantages of the confined and lateral cell architecture as compared to the conventional vertical cell concept are explored, demonstrating their benefits of advanced thermal management and minimized current defined area. The simulation results agree well with experimental features
of the RESET operation for the PCRAM design concepts studied.
Optothermal Property and Decomposition Characteristics of PtOx Ultrathin Film Sandwiched Between ZnS–SiO2 for Super-Resolution Near-Field Recording
Authors: Her Yung-Chiun , Liao Bou-Yin , Hsu Wei-Chih , Tsai Song-Yeu
Published: April 2020

We have investigated the optothermal property and decomposition characteristics of PtOx ultrathin film protected by ZnS–SiO2 layers and effects of the constituent phases of PtOx on super-resolution capability and read stability of
the super-RENS disk. All the ZnS–SiO2/PtOx/ZnS–SiO2 multilayers exhibited a steep reflectivity drop at the temperature range between 265 and 350 °C, corresponding to the decomposition of PtOx. The decomposition temperature
of the 4-nm-thick PtOx ultrathin film protected by ZnS–SiO2 layers was much lower than those obtained in thick PtOx films without protection. The activation energy for thermal decomposition was ∼1.3 eV. Both the decomposition temperature
and activation energy for thermal decomposition were unaffected by the constituent phases of PtOx. Carrier to noise ratios (CNR) of over 40 dB for mark size of 150 nm were achieved in all super-resolution near-field structure (super-RENS) disks, while the super-resolution
readout was limited to 2.5 × 103 ∼ 4.5 × 104 cycles. The effect of constituent phases of PtOx on the super-resolution capability of super-RENS disk with a PtOx mask layer was minimal. However, as the constituent phases
of PtOx mask layer transformed from a mixture of Pt and PtO, to pure PtO, and then to a mixture of PtO and PtO2, the readout stability of super-RENS disk increased dramatically since less heat was absorbed by the PtOx mask layer composed of PtO
and PtO2 during the readout process, prohibiting the diffusion of materials inside the bubble to the GeSbTe phase change layer.
Statistical Study of Effective Anisotropy Field in Ordered Ferromagnetic Nanowire Arrays
Authors: Zhao S. , Clime L. , Chan K. , Normandin F. , Roberge H. , Yelon A. , Cochrane R. W. , Veres T.
Published: April 2020

Soft ferromagnetic nanowire arrays were obtained by electrodeposition of Co–Fe–P alloy into the pores of high quality home-made anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Bath acidity and current density were the two parameters used in order to tailor the orientation of local
anisotropy axes in individual nanowires. In order to quantify the influence of the induced anisotropies on the magnetization processes in individual nanowires, the in-plane magnetization loops of the arrays are modeled as log-normal distributions of Stoner-Wohlfarth transverse magnetization
processes. Using the lognormal mean parameter as an approximation for the saturation applied field of the array, we compute the effective anisotropy of the nanowires, which is found to increase with the pH of the electrodeposition bath.
A tensor compression algorithm using Tucker decomposition and dictionary dimensionality reduction
Authors: Gan Chenquan , Mao Junwei , Zhang Zufan , Zhu Qingyi
Published: April 2020

Tensor compression algorithms play an important role in the processing of multidimensional signals. In previous work, tensor data structures are usually destroyed by vectorization operations, resulting in information loss and new noise. To this end, this article proposes a tensor compression algorithm using Tucker decomposition and dictionary dimensionality reduction, which mainly includes three parts: tensor dictionary representation, dictionary preprocessing, and dictionary update. Specifically, the tensor is respectively performed by the sparse representation and Tucker decomposition, from which one can obtain the dictionary, sparse coefficient, and core tensor. Furthermore, the sparse representation can be obtained through the relationship between sparse coefficient and core tensor. In addition, the dimensionality of the input tensor is reduced by using the concentrated dictionary learning. Finally, some experiments show that, compared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm has obvious advantages in preserving the original data information and denoising ability.
Ventricular volume changes after successful shunting in hydrocephalic infants
Authors: Hasanin Tarek Mohamed , Mansour Ahmed Said , Alemam Saeed Esmaeel , Alnoamany Hossam Abd-Elhakim , Alam-Eldien Mohammed Leithy
Published: April 2020

Objectives

Due to increased number of patients suffering from hydrocephalus (HCP) and lack of data concerning volumetric changes after shunting operations, this study aims to assess the volumetric changes in brain ventricles after successful ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery in correlation with clinical improvement.

Patient and methods

This study included 20 patients; all of them are below the age of 2 years. All the patients had hydrocephalus, were treated surgically with VP shunts, and have clinically improved over the period of study. We measured the volumetric changes radiologically using the fronto-occipital horn ratio (FOHR) over a period of 6 months postoperatively.

Results

The frontal and occipital horn ratio was calculated in all these patients both pre and postoperatively. There was a significant radiological improvement in the majority of children after the shunt operation. One month postoperatively, the FOHR decreased to about 85% of its preoperative value in average. The FOHR was found to be significantly improving with time over a period of 6 months reaching 63% of its preoperative value.

Conclusion

Successful treatment of HCP in infants via VPS seems to be of benefit in decreasing the ventricular size gradually to a near normal FOHR with clinical improvement.
Timing of NO Binding and Protonation in the Catalytic Reaction of Bacterial Nitric Oxide Reductase as Established by Time-Resolved Spectroscopy
Authors: Takeda Hanae , Kimura Tetsunari , Nomura Takashi , Horitani Masaki , Yokota Azusa , Matsubayashi Akiko , Ishii Shoko , Shiro Yoshitsugu , Kubo Minoru , Tosha Takehiko
Published: April 2020

Membrane-integrated nitric oxide reductases (NOR) catalyze the formation of nitrous oxide (N2O) from two NO molecules using two protons and two electrons at a heme/non-heme iron binuclear center. Despite extensive efforts, the mechanism underlying the NOR-catalyzed reaction has been poorly understood due to the rapidity of the reaction. Here, we utilized a photosensitive caged NO compound as a trigger for the NOR reaction to characterize the NO reduction mechanism by time-resolved visible absorption spectroscopy. We showed that the NOR reaction consists of three steps. One NO molecule binds to the reduced binuclear center to form a non-heme Fe(II)-NO species in the 1st phase (microsecond timescale), followed by a migration of NO to form the other chemical species, possibly 5-coordinate heme b3-NO, in the 2nd phase (timescale of tens of microseconds). Then, the NO bound to heme reacts with a second NO molecule in the 3rd phase (millisecond timescale), in which protonation and electron transfer promote N-N bond formation and N-O bond cleavage to yield N2O. These findings led us to propose a revised trans mechanism for NO reduction by NOR.
The difference in dose and image quality between magnification methods used after the introduction of larger 60-inch operator screens
Authors: Mortimer-Roberts Hywel , Rees Michael R
Published: April 2020

Objective:

To determine whether the use of display matrix magnification on larger operator screens without the use of conventional magnification can reduce radiation dose to the patient, and what effect it would have on image quality.

Methods:

The kerma-area product (KAP) resulting from standard projections in cardiac angiography were measured when an anthropomorphic phantom was imaged using conventional magnification method and display matrix magnification. The image quality was also evaluated by three observers using a TOR 18FG test tool for both magnification method.

Results:

The mean radiation KAP for the seven views with conventional magnification was 36.65 µGy m−2 whilst a reduction in KAP of 20.4% is possible using display matrix magnification (p < 0.05). The image resolution during acquisition was identical between both methods and only slightly reduced for the display matrix (1.6 LP mm−1) compared to conventional magnification (1.8 LP mm−1) when images were stored and retrieved on a Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) system. Both methods retained the same low-contrast detectability to PACS, with only a slight increase in detectability of 18 for display matrix magnification compared to 17 for conventional.

Conclusion:

Using display matrix magnification instead of conventional equipment magnification significantly reduces radiation does in all standard cardiac views without reducing image quality for the operator. This reduction in radiation dose is significant (p < 0.05) for the patients. The resolution did not change during acquisition, but contrast improved slightly (0.9% threshold contrast), but lost resolution of 0.2 LP mm−1 when archived to PACS.

Advances in knowledge:

This is a new method of reducing significant dose to the patient during cardiology examinations and may encourage further studies in other fluoroscopy lead examination to see if it could work for them.
Nitride oxide synthase 3 and klotho gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease and age-related cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gunawan Atma , Fajar Jonny Karunia , Tamara Fredo , Mahendra Aditya Indra , Ilmawan Muhammad , Purnamasari Yeni , Kartini Dessy Aprilia , Winoto Eden Suryoiman , Saifillah Efriko Septananda , Wulandari Dewi Sri , Krisna Pratista Adi , Mayasari Ema Dianita , Dantara Tri Wahyudi Iman , Wicaksono Ramadi Satryo , Soeatmadji Djoko Wahono
Published: April 2020

Background: While it has been known that the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and age-related cognitive impairment involves several mediators, the evidence in clinical practice only reveals nitride oxide synthase (NOS) and klotho. However, the evidence for this topic is conflicted. The aim of this study was to assess the role of NOS and klotho single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pathogenesis of CKD and age-related cognitive impairment.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis during October to December 2019. Paper collection was performed in major scientific websites, and we extracted information of interest from each paper. Data were analyzed using a Z-test with either random or fixed effect model.

Results: Our initial assessment identified NOS3 G894T, NOS3 T786C, NOS3 4b/4a, klotho (KL) G395A, and KL C1818T as the gene candidate for our meta-analysis. Our pooled calculation revealed that NOS3 G894T was associated with the risk of both age-related cognitive impairment and CKD. Increased susceptibility to age-related cognitive impairment was observed in the GG genotype, and increased risk of CKD was found in patients with a single T allele and TT genotype for NOS3 nucleotide 894. For NOS3 4b/4a, increased risk of CKD was only found in 4a4a genotype. For NOS3 T786C, we failed to show the association with both CKD and age-related cognitive impairment. Subsequently, for KL G395A, A allele and GA genotype were found to correlate with increased susceptibility to CKD, while its correlation to age-related cognitive impairment was failed to clarify. For KL C1818T, our analysis failed to find the correlation with the risk of CKD.

Conclusions: Our results reveal that the NOS3 G894T gene polymorphism has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of both CKD and age-related cognitive impairment.
Ecofeminismo heideggeriano
Authors: Glazebrook Trish
Published: April 2020

O primeiro artigo que publiquei sobre ecofeminismo foi uma análise do tratamento de Heidegger sobre a natureza a partir de sua crítica da ciência e da tecnologia (Glazebrook, 2001). Hoje, mais de duas décadas depois, continuo escrevendo como uma ecofeminista heideggeriana sobre gênero e mudanças climáticas, especialmente sobre adaptação e finanças, em relação à segurança alimentar na África, assim como sobre ecodefensores e protetores indígenas, justiça ambiental e sustentabilidade com foco na função do capital na ordem fálica que atualmente engendra uma extinção em massa. Neste artigo, traçarei o surgimento e desenvolvimento das críticas do capital através do corpo do trabalho de ecofeminismo e conectando-o com pesquisas mais recentes sobre Heidegger e economia.Tradução de: Rebeca Furtado de Melo
Fortunate and fearful: emotions evoked by home-care policies for older people in Ireland
Authors: Lolich Luciana , Timonen Virpi
Published: April 2020

This article examines the emotions of fear and feeling fortunate experienced by key actors in home-care services in Ireland. We take a relational approach to emotions; that is to say, an understanding that emotions are produced in social interactions and play an essential part in how people engage with, and respond to, long-term care policies. The study involved focus groups and in-depth interviews with 104 participants. Our findings show that the most vulnerable participants – service users and care workers on precarious contracts – feel fortunate or fearful about outcomes that had, or would have, a direct impact on them: respectively, having a good carer and obtaining job satisfaction, or losing a home-care package and not having enough work. Professionals were more likely to speak about luck and fear, not in relation to what could happen to them directly but in relation to the fate of service users and care workers. The unregulated home-care services in Ireland have influenced actors to construe their own and others’ participation in the system as increasingly individualised, where desired outcomes depend on one’s good luck or strong personal relationships. For the system to work properly trust needs to be present not only at the micro level of individual relationships but also at a system level. This could lead to a decline in emotions that centre on feeling fortunate and fearful, and an increase in expressions of trust and a sense of control by both care providers and care recipients.
Arab resistance in the diaspora: Comparing the Saudi dissident and the Egyptian whistleblower
Authors: Khamis Sahar , Fowler Randall
Published: April 2020

While much research on Arab and Muslim diasporas in the West focuses on the War(s) on Terror, in this article, we explore how two particular diasporic groups, Egyptian and Saudi activists, work to shape public perceptions of the authoritarian regimes in their countries of origin. Contextualizing the efforts of these activists in the post-Arab Spring political and mediated environments, we investigate how these political exiles employ communication to disrupt, expose and resist the resurgent authoritarianism taking root in their countries of origin. Using a comparative framework, we analyse the discourse of two prominent activists, Mohamed Ali and Omar Abdelaziz, to illustrate the larger dynamics of online cyberactivism amongst these diasporic groups. Critically, we argue, the differences in these two activists’ communicative practices demonstrate how ostensibly similar resistance movements may lead to disparate political outcomes, as their calls for change diverge when it comes to issues of reform versus revolution. In doing so, we seek to complicate overly simplistic understandings of Arab anti-authoritarian resistance taking place online in the post-Arab Spring era.
From circus acts to violent clowns: The parasite as performer
Authors: Jürgens Anna-Sophie , Maier Alexander G.
Published: April 2020

With the growing awareness of the contribution of parasites to life, their influences on humans also become clearer. The parasite's footprints can be seen everywhere, in genetics, epidemiology, medicine, history and, as this article clarifies, parasites play a vivid part in our cultural imagination surrounding popular entertainment. Drawing and expanding on Michel Serres' and Enid Welsford's discussions of the parasite as a cultural force, this article explores the line of filiation and interplay between biological parasites, circus arts and their comic emblem, the clown, in different narratives and media. It documents not only fantasies of a collaborative relationship between flea performers and their 'masters', and of the relationship between clowns and parasites, both of which are mischievous 'characters', but also circus-related imaginaries of parasitic remote control.
Internal Jugular Vein and Transverse Sinus Thrombosis as a Complication of a Chronic Ethmoidal Sinusitis
Authors: Damelan Kombate , Komi ASSOGBA , vinyo kumako , Josué Diatewa E. , Mensah Guinhouya Kokou , Kossivi Apetse , Mofou Belo , koffi Balogou agnon ayélola
Published: April 2020

Lemierre’s syndrome is rare jugular thrombosis associated with an oropharyngeal infection. The jugular thrombosis is from septic origin. This often happens in young males subjects. We described Lemierre’s syndrome in a 46 year-old man with a chronic ethmoidal sinusitis associated to the left jugular thrombosis extended to the transverse sinus with a partial recanalisation after three months of oral anticoagulant therapy.
MODEL OPTIMASI AGRO ECO-INDUSTRIAL PARK BERBASIS INDUSTRI TAHU DENGAN PENDEKATAN GOAL PROGRAMMING
Authors: Setiawan Timotius , Suryadi Edy , Prawiranegara Boy Macklin Pereira
Published: April 2020

Industri tahu di Kabupaten Sumedang menghadapi beberapa permasalahan terkait limbah, inefisiensi penggunaan air, dan ketergantungan terhadap bahan baku (kedelai) impor. Konsep Agro Eco-industrial Park (AEIP) berbasis industri tahu dapat menjadi alternatif solusi untuk memperbaiki kinerja industri tahu dan agroindustri terkait lainnya. Pengembangan AEIP perlu mempertimbangkan keseimbangan kapasitas untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja sistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun suatu model optimasi AEIP berbasis industri tahu yang didukung agribisnis ternak sapi, usaha tani kedelai, produksi pupuk organik, dan unit biodigester. Penelitian dilakukan di sentra industri tahu Giriharja, Kabupaten Sumedang dengan menggunakan metode Goal Programming untuk memodelkan pertukaran material antar agroindustri. Model memasukkan lima variabel keputusan yaitu jumlah produksi tahu, jumlah produksi ternak sapi, jumlah produksi kedelai, jumlah produksi pupuk organik, dan jumlah produksi biogas. Kinerja model diukur dari sisa pertukaran material dan derajat daur ulang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model yang dibangun mampu memberikan solusi optimal berupa jumlah produksi untuk masing-masing agroindustri. Model juga menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik dibanding sistem yang sedang berjalan yang diindikasikan dengan penurunan sisa limbah dan peningkatan Recycle Rate.
Resettlement Processes in the Ukrainian SSR during the Holodomor (1932–34)
Authors: Rozovyk Olesia
Published: April 2020

This article, based on archival documents, reveals resettlement processes in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1932–34, which were conditioned by the repressive policy of the Soviet power. The process of resettlement into those regions of the Soviet Ukraine where the population died from hunger most, and which was approved by the authorities, is described in detail.

It is noted that about 90,000 people moved from the northern oblasts of the Ukrainian SSR to the southern part of the republic. About 127,000 people arrived in Soviet Ukraine from the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) and the western oblasts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). The material conditions of their residence and the reasons for the return of settlers to their previous places of inhabitance are described.

I conclude that the resettlement policy of the authorities during 1932–34 changed the social and national composition of the eastern and southern oblasts of Ukraine.
AR-dependent phosphorylation and phospho-proteome targets in prostate cancer
Authors: Venkadakrishnan Varadha Balaji , Ben-Salem Salma , Heemers Hannelore V
Published: April 2020

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western men. Because androgens drive CaP by activating the androgen receptor (AR), blocking AR’s ligand activation, known as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), is the default treatment for metastatic CaP. Despite an initial remission, CaP eventually develops resistance to ADT and progresses to castration-recurrent CaP (CRPC). CRPC continues to rely on aberrantly activated AR that is no longer inhibited effectively by available therapeutics. Interference with signaling pathways downstream of activated AR that mediate aggressive CRPC behavior may lead to alternative CaP treatments. Developing such therapeutic strategies requires a thorough mechanistic understanding of the most clinically relevant and druggable AR-dependent signaling events. Recent proteomics analyses of CRPC clinical specimens indicate a shift in the phosphoproteome during CaP progression. Kinases and phosphatases represent druggable entities, for which clinically tested inhibitors are available, some of which are incorporated already in treatment plans for other human malignancies. Here, we reviewed the AR-associated transcriptome and translational regulon, and AR interactome involved in CaP phosphorylation events. Novel and for the most part mutually exclusive AR-dependent transcriptional and post-transcriptional control over kinase and phosphatase expression was found, with yet other phospho-regulators interacting with AR. The multiple mechanisms by which AR can shape and fine-tune the CaP phosphoproteome were reflected in diverse aspects of CaP biology such as cell cycle progression and cell migration. Furthermore, we examined the potential, limitations and challenges of interfering with AR-mediated phosphorylation events as alternative strategy to block AR function during CaP progression.
Inequality in the context of economic globalization: the empirical sociological dimension
Authors: Butkaliuk Vitalina
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the state and dynamics of socio-economic inequality in the modern world in the context of economic globalization. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic literature, as well as large statistical and sociological information, the author argues that the implementation of neoliberal reforms has become a key factor in increasing inequality both globally and within individual countries, regardless of their level of development. The author pays special attention to public opinion research in the US and Ukraine on social inequality, social justice and the distribution of public goods. By showing that in both the most developed capitalist country, the United States, and in the "transitional" post-Soviet Ukraine, the majority of the population critically evaluates existing systems of distribution of public goods and advocates the transition to more egalitarian models of social development. In the United States, _the most critical to the system of distribution of public goods in the country are such groups as the youth, the poorest segment of the people, the sympathizers of the Democratic Party and the liberals. With regard to Ukrainians, was found the connection between assessing the fairness of the current system and age, education, region of residence, and the level of respondents' income. Most critically, it is estimated by the elderly, the respondents with the lowest levels of education, the residents of the South of country and the people with the lowest income. The rise of inequality and, as a consequence, the conflict and tensions in the world, the radicalization and aggravation of the political situation are the key features of the modern neoliberal order. The inability to increase wealth for the majority of the population amid growing wealth of the richest and increasing concentration of wealth may lead to increased discontent among the masses and cause many social upheavals. The inability to increase wealth for the majority of the population amid growing wealth of the richest and increasing concentration of wealth would lead to increased discontent among the masses and cause many social upheavals.
Construction 3D printer manipulator type
Authors: Klindukh Nadezhda , Turysheva Evgenia , Amuzin Ivan , Dremin Yegor , Bules Ekaterina , Vorobeva Elizaveta
Published: April 2020

The results of the study of the dynamics of building a 3D printer manipulator type, the relevance of the application of 3D printing in construction, its development, and methods of use, comparison of technology of building 3D printers with traditional methods of erecting concrete structures, the benefits of the economic component of this technology; the choice of the type of the investigated devices and the question of the research; brief description of the device 3D printer, its components and how it works; illustrations of the product and graphic analysis of his actions; the developed model 3D printer, which allows to analyze dynamic processes of interaction of the moving formwork installation concrete mixture; at 3D printing construction products made of cold forming products with the use of sliding formwork; compacting the mixture is performed by a vibrator unit; the values of the oscillations of the trolley 3D printer; received a graphics oscillatory process of 3D printing and the magnitude of the electric current in starting and operating modes.
Fictitious Efficiency: What the Russian Survey of Performance of Higher Education Institutions Actually Assessed
Authors: Guba Katerina , Sokolov Mikhail , Tsivinskaya Angelika
Published: April 2020

Annual Survey of Performance of Higher Education Institutions, conducted in Russia since 2012, was used to identify “inefficient” universities, subject to measures including closure or merging with other schools. As a result of these policies, the number of Russian universities has decreased more than 1.5 times since 2013. In this article, we analyze the consequences of implementing the appraisal system invented by the Russian Ministry. We argue that the use of the Survey reflects a conceptual confusion between effectiveness (the organization’s ability to achieve socially significant goals) and efficiency (the ability to achieve goals with minimal cost). The Ministry has made managerial decisions based on the Survey results (like merging a public university with an allegedly better performing HEI), which indicates understanding of the Survey as an assessment of efficiency. At the same time, statistical analysis of the performance indicators demonstrates that structural characteristics of universities (region and belonging to an institutionalized category, e. g. a pedagogical or an agrarian university) explain the significant part of the variance in the university’s performance. This led to discrimination against certain “unlucky” categories of universities. The methods used include logistic regression to estimate the odds of being labeled as an effective organization in 2014 and the Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the university’s chances of survival between 2013 and 2017.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI LULUSAN PERGURUAN TINGGI MELALUI STUDI PELACAKAN ALUMNI (TRACER STUDY)
Authors: Rofaida Rofi , Gautama Budhi Pamungkas
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran mengenai kompetensi yang dimiliki lulusan, mengetahui gambaran mengenai kompetensi tuntutan industri, mengetahui gambaran mengenai kesenjangan kompetensi yang dimiliki lulusan dengan tuntutan dunia kerja/industri, dan menentukan strategi penjaminan mutu perguruan tinggi didasarkan pada hasil studi pelacakan lulusan (tracer study). Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kualitatif.  Unit analisis adalah lulusan Program Studi Manajemen Fakultas Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Metodepengambilansampelyangdigunakanadalahpurposivesamplingdengansampel100 orang lulusan.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi yang masih harus ditingkatkan adalah bahasa Inggris, komputer, kerjasama tim, komunikasi tertulis, komunikasi lisan, pemberdayaan masyarakat, dan kepemimpinan. Peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di program studi Manajemen dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan kualitas pada pendidikan, penelitian, dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat, serta kerjasama dengan industri. Kata Kunci: kompetensi lulusan; penjaminan mutu perguruan tinggi; studi pelacakan lulusan
PENGEMBANGAN BLENDED LEARNING DENGAN MODEL FLIPPED CLASSROOM
Authors: Sutisna M. Ridwan , Mulyadi Dadi , Alinawati Muthia
Published: April 2020

AbstrakPengembangan pembelajaran dengan melibatkan teknologi menjadi salah satu dampak pesatnya perkembangan teknologi. Blended learning menjadi salah satu opsi yang dapat diadaptasi, namun upaya pengembangan pembelajaran menggunakan blended learning masih belum masif. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengembangkan salah satu model desain pembelajaran menggunakan metode penelitian Design and Development (DnD). Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu model GALE yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan pembelajaran menggunakan strategi blended learning. Model GALE merupakan turunan yang dikembangkan dari model instruksional ADDIE, memiliki empat tahapan yaitu Goal Analysis, Activity Plan, Learning Resources Development, dan Evaluate and Reflection. Dalam penerapannya, blended ini dilakukan di mata kuliah penelitian dan pengembangan teknologi pendidikan pada semester tujuh di program studi teknologi pendidikan. Sekaligus smemanfaatkan fasilitas learning management system yang dimiliki oleh UPI yaitu spot.upi.edu. Hasil dari pengembangan pembelajaran ini dapat menunjang pembelajaran sesuai dengan kebutuhan blended learning yang telah dikembangkan. Selain itu, penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan best practice pengembangan blended learning, selain juga menyajikan model GALE sebagai alternatif model pengembangannya. AbstractThe development of instruction involving technology is one of the effects of the technology rapid development. Blended learning strategy is an option that can be adapted for instructions. However, efforts to develop instruction using blended learning are still not massive enough. This study tries to develop one of the learning design models using the Design and Development (DnD) research method. The results of this study are GALE models that can be used to develop learning using the blended learning strategy. The GALE model is a derivative developed from the ADDIE instructional model. It has four stages, start with the Goal Analysis, Activity Plan, Learning Resources Development, and Evaluate and Reflection. In its implementation, this instructional design model for blended learning strategy is carried out in the research and development of educational technology courses in the seventh semester in Educational Technology program. While at the same time utilizing the Learning Management System (LMS) facility owned by UPI, namely spot.upi.edu. The results of developing this instructional design model can support learning appropriately match to the blended learning needs that have been developed. In addition, this research is expected to be able to provide best practice for the development and implementation of blended learning strategy, and also to presenting the GALE model as an alternative development model.
The Effect of Pulpotomy Base Material on Bacterial Penetration and Proliferation for Pulpotomized Primary Molar Teeth: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Study
Authors: Elbahary Shlomo , Bercovich Rolanda , Azzam Nardeen Abboud , Haj-yahya Sohad , Shemesh Hagay , Tsesis Igor , Rosen Eyal
Published: April 2020

Introduction: the study aimed to evaluate Enterococcus Faecalis colonization in the pulp chamber in pulpotomized extracted human teeth filled by different pulpotomy base materials (PBMs), using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Study design: Cavity preparations were made in 70 extracted primary molars. The pulp chambers were filled using either Intermediate restorative material (IRM), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) or Glass ionomer (GI). Twenty-five teeth served controls. The specimens were sterilized, and coronally filled with bacterial suspension for 21 days. The specimens were cut through the furcation area, stained using LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit and evaluated using CLSM. Results: The extent of fluorescent staining was larger in the GI group, compared to the IRM and MTA groups, and larger in the IRM group compared to the MTA group (P<0.05). The minimal and maximal bacterial penetration depths into the dentinal tubules were 55 and 695μm, respectively (mean 310μm), without differences between the materials (GI, IRM, MTA, p>0.05). The ratio of live bacteria to dead bacteria within the evaluated areas was higher in the GI group compared to the IRM and the MTA groups, and higher in the IRM group compared to the MTA group (P<0.05). There were no differences between the mesial, distal and apical parts in any of the evaluations (p>0.05). Conclusions: bacteria colonize the interface between the PBM and dentin and penetrate deeply into the dentinal tubules. The extent and the vitality of the colonized bacteria may be affected by the type of PBM.