bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЕКОЛОГІЧНА ПОЛІТИКА УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ КЛІМАТИЧНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: Нalushkina T. P. , Zhemba A. I. , Sernytska K. V.
Published: January 2022

В статті розглядаються напрями вдосконалення екологічної політики у відповідності до міжнародного законодавства та сучасних глобальних викликів. Обґрунтовано, що впровадження екологобезпечних заходів повинно сформувати сталу економічну систему, орієнтовану на забезпечення «зеленого» вектору розвитку економіки країни та її регіонів з врахуванням глобальних кліматичних змін. Доведено, що на сучасному етапі важливо забезпечити максимально повну реалізацію економічного потенціалу держави на шляху імплементації міжнародних вимог, що можливо лише за рахунок реалізації курсу «зеленої» економіки на всіх ієрархічних рівнях.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСНОВ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ОХОРОНОЮ ЗДОРОВ’Я ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ЦИВІЛІЗАЦІЇ: ЕВОЛЮЦІЙНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Zyma I. Yu.
Published: January 2022

У статті подано наукові основи дослідження процесу становлення централізації та державного управління в сфері охорони здоров’я, які стали основою сучасної медичної сфери в країнах Європи та в країнах, які розвивали свої соціально-економічні системи на європейських цінностях. Визначено як основу європейської системи охорони здоров’я організацію медицини в прадавніх країнах Месопотамії, Єгипті, Греції, Римі та Китаї.
ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА
Authors: Kuznietsova T. V. , Levun О. I.
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто зарубіжний досвід формування системи стимулювання інноваційного розвитку суб’єктів підприємництва та можливості його застосування в Україні. Висвітлено різноманітні методи та інструменти стимулювання інноваційної діяльності, які успішно використовуються у зарубіжних країнах. Досліджено механізми державного стимулювання інноваційного підприємництва у розвинутих країнах світу. Виявлено основні причини низької інноваційної активності суб’єктів підприємництва в Україні. Розглянуто систему підтримки інноваційного підприємництва в зарубіжних країнах. За результатами узагальнення зарубіжного досвіду формування системи стимулювання інноваційної діяльності, сформульовано напрями державного забезпечення інноваційного розвитку суб’єктів підприємництво в Україні.
РИНОК ІТ-ПРОДУКТІВ: АНАЛІТИКА ДЛЯ ЗАСНУВАННЯ І РОЗВИТКУ БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Roshchyk I. A. , Ovsiichuk O. S.
Published: January 2022

Обґрунтовано теоретико-методичні засади аналізу ринку ІТпродуктів для прийняття рішень про заснування та розвиток бізнесу. Уточнено місце ІТ-продуктів та ІТ-сфери у статистичних класифікаціях. За запропонованою в роботі методикою оцінено місткість ринку ІТ-продуктів за період 2010-2018 років в Україні та проаналізовано його розвиток з використанням статистичних методів аналізу рядів динаміки. На основі кореляційно-регресійного аналізу складено модель залежності місткості ринку ІТ-продуктів від ВВП на душу населення України, яка може бути використана для прогнозування. Виявлено основні галузеві характеристики покупців ІТ-продуктів та оцінено резерви нарощення споживання і обсягів ринку. Визначено основні характеристики виробників ІТ-продуктів. За запропонованим в роботі показником вартості робочого місця оцінено інвестиційні потреби в ІТ-сфері. З використанням співвідношення продуктивності праці і вартості робочого місця, рентабельності операційної діяльності проаналізовано ефективність ІТ-підприємництва в Україні.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ БІЗНЕС-ПЛАНУВАННЯ ТА ЕКСПЕРТИЗИ ПРОЄКТІВ В АГРАРНІЙ СФЕРІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Suduk O. Y.
Published: January 2022

У статті обґрунтовано необхідність розроблення технології бізнеспланування проєктів в аграрній сфері. Аргументацією наведеного обґрунтування є аналіз переваг і недоліків існуючих технологій бізнеспланування. Досліджено сутність бізнес-плану та обґрунтовано необхідність планування виробничо-господарської діяльності сільськогосподарських підприємств. Визначено місце та роль бізнеспланування у системі загального стратегічного розвитку підприємства, як важливої умови функціонування, економічного розвитку та зростання сільськогосподарських підприємств в непередбачуваних ринкових умовах. Розглянуто основні задачі, які вирішує система бізнеспланування та особливості складання бізнес-плану на підприємствах сільського господарства. Запропоновано пріоритетні напрямки та заходи бізнес-планування для забезпечення зростання, розвитку та вдосконалення діяльності підприємств в аграрній сфері.
ІННОВАЦІЙНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ЯК ОСНОВА ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ХАРЧОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ
Authors: Savina N. B.
Published: January 2022

У статті проведено співставне дослідження загальних тенденцій національної економіки та за видом економічних діяльності «виробництво харчових продуктів, напоїв і тютюнових виробів» з позиції кількості інноваційно-активних промислових підприємств, витрат на інновації, кількості упровадженої інноваційної продукції, упроваджених у виробництво технологічних процесів, реалізованої інноваційнопромислової продукції. Висвітлено регіональний вимір інноваційної активності на ринку продукції харчової промисловості. Зроблено висновок про співставні тенденції динаміки показників інноваційної діяльності промислових підприємств як усіх промислових підприємств, так промислових підприємств за видом економічної діяльності «виробництво харчових продуктів, напоїв і тютюнових виробів».
General principles of law and taxation
Authors: Lasiński-Sulecki Krzysztof , Morawski Wojciech , Prejs Ewa
Published: January 2022

Although the general principles of law at first sight do not bring about numerous associations with the sphere of taxation where the processes of compliance with legal rules or applying them must end with a precise numerical result, both the relevance and the significance of these principles in the sphere of tax law are more and more noticeable. The principle of proportionality has been invoked in probably every second VAT judgment of the Court of Justice for years. The principle of legal certainty has made its way to the case law of the said court as well as the Constitutional Tribunal in Poland. The importance of other principles is definitely on the rise.
Actual challenges for the implementation of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Jaskiernia Jerzy
Published: January 2022

The author analyzes the problem of the implementation of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). In light of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), a special role in its control mechanism is played by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe. Despite the measures taken, there have been delays in the execution of judgments or the lack of their implementation for years. The author analyzed this problem in light of the latest reports of the Committee of Ministers and the recommendations of the Parliamentary Assembly. He pointed to the need for greater activity in this process of other bodies of the Council of Europe, including: the Commissioner for Human Rights, the Venice Commission, the CPT, the ECRI as well as institutions of the civil society. In the last decade, the interest of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe in this matter has clearly increased. The author postulates that parliamentarians sitting in this body should be more active in this regard in their countries. They have instruments of control on the executive power, which could be used to increase the effectiveness of the execution of the ECtHR’s judgements.
Critical evaluation of new Council of Europe guidelines concerning digital courts
Authors: Świerczyński Marek Stanisław
Published: January 2022

Digitalisation of courts plays an increasingly important role in dispute resolution. It has the ability to improve access to justice by facilitating faster and less costly access to courts, thereby making dispute resolution more effective and efficient. However, wide use of digital courts also has the potential to restrict access to justice. Attention needs to be given to issues of authentication and identification of the parties, digital divide, cybersecurity and personal data protection. This paper concerns recent guidelines of the Council of Europe that aim to fully address these issues and assist member States in ensuring that implemented digital techniques in the courts do not undermine human dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms. The author answers and critically evaluates the specific questions and doubts relating to the content of the guidelines. The author’s recommendations can be taken into consideration by the Council of Europe in future updates of the guidelines.
Application of The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Method in Zinc Analysis
Authors: Bilqis Nabilah , Sulistiawati Erni , Rahman Miftakh Nur
Published: January 2022

Zinc is a nutrient that affects cell growth, helps the body's metabolism, activates T cells (T lymphocytes), cell regeneration, and repairs body tissues. Zinc in the body undergoes a process of excretion every day, therefore daily intake of zinc needs to be considered to maintain the amount of zinc in the body in a normal amount. This study aimed to obtain information on the application of the Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method to determine the concentration of zinc in the serum of pregnant women. The application of Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method in zinc analysis provided the advantages of a minimal sample volume requirement with higher instrument sensitivity, fast retention time and had a concentration detection limit of up to parts per billion (ppb). Analysis of the zinc concentration in the serum of pregnant women using the ICP-MS method showed 80% serum with a concentration below the reference value, 13.3% normal and 6.7% a concentration higher than the WHO reference value.Keywords: defisiensi zink, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms), zinkABSTRAKAplikasi Metode Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Dalam Analisis ZinkZink adalah salah satu jenis zat gizi yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan sel, mengaktifkan sel T (limfosit T), regenerasi sel, dan membantu metabolisme tubuh. Zink di dalam tubuh setiap harinya mengalami proses ekskresi oleh karena itu asupan harian zink perlu diperhatikan untuk menjaga jumlah zink di dalam tubuh tetap dalam jumlah yang normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi penggunaan metode Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) untuk menentukan konsentrasi zink dalam serum ibu hamil. Penggunaan metode ICP-MS dalam analisis zink memberikan keuntungan berupa kebutuhan volume sampel minimal dengan sensitivitas alat lebih tinggi, waktu retensi yang cepat serta memiliki batas limit deteksi konsentrasi hingga bagian per triliun (ppt). Analisis konsentrasi zink dalam serum ibu hamil dengan metode ICP-MS menunjukan 80% serum dengan konsentrasi dibawah nilai rujukan, 13,3% normal dan 6,7% konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan nilai rujukan menurut WHO.Kata kunci : defisiensi zink, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms), zink
Optimization of Copper Dissolution from Electronic Waste Printed Circuit Board Using Leaching Method
Authors: Athalla Faradisa , Sulistiawati Erni , Setiawan Iwan
Published: January 2022

Electronic waste contains hazardous materials which have an adverse impact on the environment. Therefore, a solution is needed to recycle electronic waste. One solution is recovering copper metal from the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) in electronic waste. The dissolution of copper is carried out by the leaching method, which means dissolving copper using a selective solvent. Analysis of copper was performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). This experiment aims to determine the factors that influence the optimization of copper dissolution from PCB electronic waste by leaching method and analysis the copper content using ICP-OES. The primary data obtained is the per cent recovery of each factor that affects copper dissolution, which is the concentration of sulfuric acid as a solvent, the percentage of solid / liquid, the speed of stirring, the temperature, and the length of stirring. The optimum conditions were achieved in the form of the highest recovery in each variation, which is 9.8% sulfuric acid, 5% solid/liquid percentage, 200 rpm stirring speed, and at temperature 60 °C with a stirring time of 120 minutes, the per cent recovery was obtained respectively 79.83%; 74.86%; 76.52%; and 54.84%.Keywords: electronic, waste,  PCB, dissolution, copper Optimalisasi Pelarutan Tembaga dari Limbah Elektronik Printed Circuit Board dengan Metode LeachingABSTRAKLimbah elektronik mengandung bahan-bahan berbahaya yang berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan solusi untuk mendaur ulang limbah elektronik salah satunya adalah pengambilan kembali atau recovery logam tembaga dari Printed Circuit Board (PCB) pada limbah elektronik. Pelarutan tembaga dilakukan dengan metode leaching, yaitu dengan melarutkan tembaga menggunakan pelarut yang selektif. Analisis terhadap kadar tembaga dilakukan menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada optimalisasi pelarutan tembaga dari limbah elektronik PCB dengan metode leaching dengan analisis terhadap kadar tembaga menggunakan ICP-OES. Data primer yang diperoleh adalah persen recovery dari setiap faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pelarutan tembaga, yaitu konsentrasi asam sulfat sebagai pelarut, persentase solid/liquid, kecepatan pengadukan, suhu, dan lama pengadukan. Kondisi optimum yang dicapai berupa recovery tertinggi pada setiap variasi, yaitu pada 9,8% asam sulfat, persentase 5% solid/liquid, kecepatan pengadukan 200 rpm, dan suhu pada 60 °C dengan lama pengadukan 120 menit diperoleh persen recovery secara berturut-turut 79,83%; 74,86%; 76,52%; dan 54,84%.Kata kunci : elektronik, limbah,  PCB, pelarut, tembaga
Monocyte and neutrophil to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios are elevated in patients with vitamin D deficiency
Authors: KÖSEOĞLU Derya , ÖZDEMİR BAŞER Özden , ÇETİN Zeynep , ÇATAK Merve
Published: January 2022

Aim: It is suggested that Vitamin D deficiency may lead to cardiovascular diseases. Monocyte-High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio (MHR) and Neutrophil-HDL ratio (NHR) are markers which may be used as cardiovascular risk factors, which are associated with inflammation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the MHR and NHR levels in patients with Vitamin D deficiency.

Material and Method: This retrospective study included patients who were tested for Vitamin D levels in our clinic. The subjects were separated into two groups based on their Vitamin D levels and laboratory variables including MHR and NHR were compared.

Results: The subjects with serum 25 OH D level lower and higher than 20 ng/ml were compared, and MHR and NHR were detected significantly higher in subjects with Vitamin D deficiency (p:0.003 and p
The relationship between the nutritional status, body-mass index of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure and their 1-year survival
Authors: YILDIZ Murat , ÇELİK Deniz
Published: January 2022

Aim: We aimed to determine whether chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory failure patients' characteristics can be defined as additional criteria to Body Mass Index (BMI), Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002), and Albumin affecting the 1-year mortality.

Material and Method: One hundred eighty-sixes patients who have been hospitalized in the Pulmonary Intensive Care Unit between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2019 were included in our study.

Results: The study comprised 186 patients and 63.5% of them were male (n=118) and 36.5% were female (n=68). The 1-year mortality of the patients after discharge was evaluated in two groups: those who died within 1 year (n=87, 46.7%) and the survivors' group (n=99, 53.3%). We found a significant difference between the survivors and the deceased patients in terms of weight, nutrition score, number of stays in the hospital, number of readmissions to the emergency service after discharge, and NRS-2002 score (p
Effects of contrast medium exposure on urine albumin/creatinine ratio
Authors: KAYHAN Sanem , KİVRAKOGLU Fatih , YARLIOGLU Aysenur Miray , TAŞTEMUR Mercan , AKDAĞ İbrahim
Published: January 2022

Aim: Albuminuria is a direct consequence of renal glomerular injury and increases with glomerular dysfunction. Spot urine albumin/creatinine (Alb/Cr) ratio is a reasonable surrogate for 24-hour urine albumin excretion rate and certainly not without limitations. It is known that renal function can be affected following contrast agent administration. The aim of our study is to assess the changes in Alb/Cr ratio in spot urine before and after contrast agents in patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) scanning.

Material and Method: The present study included 103 hospitalized patients aged between 18 and 75 years, who underwent contrast-enhanced CT scanning for any reason and did not develop contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). We compared the values of Alb/Cr ratio at the 6th, 12th, 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours after the procedure (post-procedure time) with the values at pre-procedure time.

Results: The median age of the patients were 61 years. It has been observed that there is no significant increased in microalbuminuria after the use of contrast media. When the patients were evaluated for the albuminuria level before the procedure, it has been seen that 73 patients (70.9%) had an Alb/Cr ratio of
Effect of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on breast cancer stage at diagnosis
Authors: ÖZKAN Murat Bulut , YILDIRIM Murat Baki , TOPCU Ramazan , TURHAN Veysel Barış
Published: January 2022

Objective: We aimed to research the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer stages at the time of diagnosis. Material and Method: The data of female patients over 18 who underwent breast surgery and sentinel lymph node sampling for malignancy between 01.06.2019 and 31.11.2019 with between 01.06.2020 and 31.11.2020 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups as before and during the pandemic. Results: Data of 55 patients in total were reached, of which 31 were diagnosed before the pandemic and 24 after the pandemic. There is no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age. Average tumor size is 3.42±2.00 cm, and 18 patient (32.7%) has positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). In before pandemic group (Group 1) SLNB positivity rate is only 25.8% (n=8) but in during pandemic group (Group 2) this rate reaches 41.7% (n=10), but this is not statistically significant(p=0.214). While the tumor size of the patients in Group 1 was 3.35±2.25 cm, it was 3.51±1.67 cm in Group 2. Still, no statistically significant difference was observed (p=0.141). Conclusion: As a result of our study, although statistically insignificant, an increase in tumor sizes and positive lymph node numbers was detected. We predict that statistically significant results will be obtained in studies with a larger number of cases.
An evaluation of orthopaedic trauma patients presenting at the emergency department during lockdown in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: COŞKUN Sina , ÇİNKA Hikmet , BÜYÜKCERAN İsmail , ŞAHİNER Göksel , YURTBAY Alparslan , ERDOĞAN Furkan , PİŞKİN Ahmet
Published: January 2022

Aim: The SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19 disease, which started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, rapidly affected the whole world and many precautions were taken in Turkey, as in other countries. The first case was recorded in Turkey on 11 March 2020, and the first COVID-19-related death on 15 March 2020. From that date, precautions were taken to prevent the spread of the disease, including the implementation of lockdowns and curfews. Although it was aimed to slow down public life during this period, orthopaedics and traumatology departments continued to function actively. The aim of this study was to evaluate orthopaedics and traumatology patients who presented at the Emergency Department (ED) during this period of lockdown.

Material and Method: The study included orthopaedic and traumatology patients who presented at the ED of Samsun Ondokuz Mayis University between 16 March and 1 June 2020, when there was a general lockdown. The data of these patients were retrospectively examined and were compared with the same period in 2019.

Results: During the specified period of the pandemic, 82 orthopaedics and traumatology patients presented at the ED, and in 2019, 109 patients presented. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in respect of age, gender, and the need for surgical procedure (p >0.05). Although there was no statistically significant difference in age distribution, there was a decrease in the number of patients in the children age group during the pandemic period. No significant difference was found between the two groups in respect of the mechanism of injury, with the most frequent being a fall from a height of
Comparison of visual and refractive outcomes between femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK): a long-term outcomes analysis
Authors: KARADAĞ Mehmet Fatih
Published: January 2022

Aim: We aimed to compare the results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) procedures in the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Material and Method: Seventy eyes of 35 patients with myopia and/or myopic astigmatism who had undergone PRK procedure were compared retrospectively with 70 eyes of 35 patients with myopia and/or myopic astigmatism who had undergone FS-LASIK procedure.

Results: All patients completed the 2-year follow-up period. With respect to age and sex, PRK and FS-LASIK groups were comparable. The differences in uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and spherical equivalent were significantly better with PRK than with FS-LASIK at 6- and 24-month visits. FS-LASIK and PRK had similar values of safety index, efficacy index, and predictability at 6 and 24 months postoperatively. No significant complications were observed in neither of the procedures during the follow-up period.

Conclusion: Both PRK and FS-LASIK seem equally effective options for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism. However, PRK provided slightly better visual and refractive outcomes than FS-LASIK at 6 and 24 months postoperatively.
The effects of dual anti-platelet therapy on titanium implant osseointegration: an experimental study
Authors: KOBAT Mehmet Ali , DÜNDAR Serkan , BOZOĞLAN Alihan , GELEN Mehmet Ali , KIVRAK Tarik , ARTAŞ Gökhan , AYDIN Suna
Published: January 2022

Aim: In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of dual anti-platelet agents on osseointegration by studying a sample of rats with titanium implants in their tibias.

Material and Method: The titanium implants were placed surgically to the left tibias of a sample group of 50 rats. After implantation, the rats were randomly divided into five groups: acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (n =10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA; ASA+ clopidogrel (CLPD) (n=10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA and 30 mg/kg of CLPD; ASA+ prasugrel (PRSG) (n=10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA and 15 mg/kg of PRSG; ASA+ ticagrelor (TCGR) (n=10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA and 300 mg/kg of TCGR; and a control group (CNT) (n =10) received no further treatment following implant surgery. The experimental period lasted four weeks, during which all medications were administered with oral gavage. Concluding the experimental period, the animals were euthanized, and researchers collected blood serums and the implants, along with some surrounding bones, from each rats.

Results: Bone implant connection and bone filling ratios (%) were observed histologically and documented. The bone-implant connection and bone filling ratios of the rats do not show statistically significant differences between the groups examined (P>0.05).

Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that there was no bone healing problem between the antiaggregant given groups and between these groups and the control group. Too many people have to take single or double antiaggregant due to many diseases. We think that it is an important study in terms of knowing that bone healing will not be negatively affected when dental implants or other bone prosthesis procedures are applied to these patients. The results of this study should be supported by further research.
A comparison of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia in terms of anterior mediastinal fat properties
Authors: BULUT Sertan , ÇELİK Deniz , ERTÜRK Hakan , KARAMANLI Harun , ŞAHİN Mustafa Engin , SÖNMEZ Özlem , BİBER Çiğdem
Published: January 2022

Aim: The shape and physical properties of the anterior mediastinum can be easily affected by inflammatory lung diseases, tuberculosis, empyema, radiotherapy, chronic fibrotic lung diseases, previous surgery, and after steroid therapy. We planned to compare the properties of anterior mediastinal fat (AMF) in 3 different groups: patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia (cHP), and in the healthy control group. We investigate the AMF shape, dimensions, and AMF area properties on the images of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and to find any difference between IPF and cHP patients in terms of AMF.

Material and Method: The study comprises a total of 80 cases in the three groups. The first group comprises 26 cases diagnosed as IPF. The second group comprises 19 cases diagnosed as cHP. The third group comprises 35 control patients. The clinical, demographical, and AMF characteristics on HRCT were retrospectively evaluated. The AMF shape and area characteristics were compared between the three groups.

Results: There was no statistical difference between the mean ages of cases, BMIs, and smoking status in IPF, cHP, and control groups. Gender distribution was found statistically significant between the 3 groups (p=0.001). A statistically significant difference was observed between the IPF and cHP groups in terms of FVC levels (2.67±0.59, 2.14±0.80, respectively; p=0.024). Also, a statistically significant difference was observed between the IPF and cHP groups in terms of DLCO levels (57.42±17.21; 77.31±35.21; respectively; p=0.016). In the evaluation of AMF shape properties between two groups (cHP and IPF), the concave figure was significantly more frequent in cHP group (p=0.014). The AMF area analyses revealed that the IPF group’s areas were significantly greater than the cHP and control group’s. The AP dimension of AMF analyses revealed that only the cHP group’s dimensions were significantly smaller than the control group’s (p=0.037). In the analysis of the transverse dimension of AMF, the IPF group’s dimensions were significantly greater than the cHP and control group’s (p
Comparison of prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer before and after COVID 19 pandemic: a retrospective study
Authors: BİLGİ Ahmet , AVCI Fazıl , KESER ŞAHİN Havva Hande , CAN Bayram , GÜLER Abdül Hamid , KULHAN Mehmet , CELİK Cetin
Published: January 2022

Aim: We aimed to compare prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer before and after COVID 19 (Coronavirus Disease 19) pandemic.

Material and Method: This study was conducted in the Department of Gynecologic Oncology at Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine. After the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the COVID 19 pandemic on March 11, 2020, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey made an urgent decision on health services. The surgical cases diagnosed with endometrial cancer were divided into two groups based on the date when the pandemic was announced on March 11, 2020 and described group 1: 19 months before the pandemic, group 2: 19 months after the pandemic. Demographics, prognostic variables (stage, histologic type, grade, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular invasion, stromal involvement, and tumor size), endometrial cancer histological types, and treatment phases were all statistically assessed (early stage, advanced stage).

Results: A total of 194 cases were included, 96 cases in the first group and 98 cases in the second group. The mean age of the first group was 60.9±9.8 (40-86) years, the second group was 60.9±9.4 (36-82) years. There was statistically significant difference in clinicopathologic of endometrial cancer between group 1 and group 2, histologic type and grade (p=0.02; p=0.009 and p=0.018, respectively). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in age, stage, lymphatic and vascular space infiltration, muscular layer infiltration, interstitial infiltration and tumor size.

Conclusion: In the post-COVID 19 pandemic, more detection of type 2 of endometrial cancer, poor histological type and high grade, which have bad prognostic factors are found to be which may be due to the early admission of extra genital complaints. More randomized multicenter studies are needed on this subject.
Comparison of the tube thoracostomy techniques on treatment in COVID-19 patients with pneumothorax
Authors: KARAALİ Rezan , ERSÖZ Hasan , AKYOL Pınar Yeşim , YURTSEVER Guner , TOPAL Fatih
Published: January 2022

Aim: Tube thoracostomy is an interventional procedure in which there is a high risk for the spread of COVID-19. In this study, we compare the tube thoracostomy procedures performed early on in the pandemic and those performed later after steps were taken in accordance with the new recommendations.

Material and Method: It is a retrospective and single-center study. COVID-19 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax with indications for tube thoracostomy presented to our emergency department between March 10, 2020, and March 31, 2021. Based on the applied tube techniques, two groups were defined; group 1, patients who underwent classical tube thoracostomy, group 2, patients who underwent tube thoracostomy with the recommended preventive measures for COVID-19. The collected data were compared between the two groups.

Results: 106 patients met the study criteria and were included in the study. The difference in the length of the tube duration time between the old or new technique was statistically significant (p < 0.05), no difference was identified in the duration of stay, intensive care unit admission, or mortality compared with the two techniques.

Conclusions: In this study, the new measures recommended for tube thoracostomy were found to be effective for the treatment of patients.
Using the fractal dimension method to assess ossification after open sinus lift surgery
Authors: SANCAR Bahadır , DEDEOĞLU Numan , ÇETİNER Yunus , ARAL Cüneyt Asım , ALTUN Oğuzhan
Published: January 2022

Objective: The present study aims to use the fractal dimension method to assess ossification occurring in patients undergoing an open sinus lift surgery performed with the use of xenograft.

Material and Method: In our study, we used 90 orthopantomographs of a total of 43 patients. Our study consists of three groups: Group A, Group B, and Group C. Using the fractal dimension method, we assessed the orthopantomographs taken within three to six months after the open sinus lift surgery (Group A), taken after six to nine months after the open sinus lift surgery (Group B), and taken more than nine months after the open sinus lift surgery (Group C). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS V23. The compliance of the data with the normal distribution was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk test.

Result: The three-way statistics made between the mean values of the groups revealed a difference (p=0,033). The density of the xenograft material in the study area tended to decrease starting from the period of three to six months after the surgery.

Conclusion: The fractal dimension method can be used to assess ossification occurring after open sinus lift surgery that is performed with the use of xenografts.
Interference of high dose intravenous vitamin C with blood glucose testing in a patient with COVID-19 infection
Authors: KARAGOZ Engin , KİZİLGUL Muhammed
Published: January 2022

Flash glucose monitoring system (FGMs) is an option for patients to monitor their glucose however, the presence of interfering substances can result in false blood glucose readings. The COVID-19 (SARS-2-Cov) pandemic has resulted in substantial damage to the public and currently, no effective treatment is available for this deadly disease. Intravenous vitamin C (VC) has been shown to attenuate the cytokine storm in COVID-19 infection. Studies suggest that vitamin C supplementation reduces blood glucose in diabetic patients. On the other hand, VC can affect glucose readings obtained by devices in varying degrees. Here, we present a diabetic patient diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, who had false increased blood glucose readings on FGM after VC treatment. A 45-year-old woman with T2DM was diagnosed with a COVID-19 infection. Intravenous VC at a dose of 2500mg five times was added to the standard treatment protocol due to COVID-19 pneumonia. Her flash glucose levels were consistently elevated during intravenous VC infusion and returned to her normal average values after cessation of infusion. Insulin was not given at the time of fluctuations in blood glucose readings because both fingerstick and venous blood glucose measurements at the time of VC infusion were not consistent with the FGM readings. False increase in blood glucose readings due to interfering substances should be kept in mind since correction with insulin or antidiabetics may lead to a potential for dangerous life-threatening hypoglycemic events.
The effect of prophylactic vitamin C use on COVID-19 infection
Authors: KIZILKAYA Hafize , GENÇER Vedat
Published: January 2022

Aim: In vitamin C deficiency, the immune system deteriorates and the body becomes more susceptible to infections. Since vitamin C levels will decrease significantly in infectious conditions due to increased metabolic requirements, the daily need for vitamin C increases. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of 500 mg and more vitamin C intake on COVID-19 infection during the pandemic process.

Material and Method: A group consisting of 100 participants who received vitamin C supplements at a daily dose of at least 500 mg daily for a minimum of 1-3 months in their diet and a control group of 100 people who did not receive vitamin supplements were included in the study. While determining the amount of Vitamin C intake of the participants; The amount of Vitamin C in oral food supplements or foods containing vitamin C in their diets (orange, tangerine, grapefruit, kiwi, pineapple, strawberry, lemon, red and green peppers, tomatoes, arugula, parsley, greens such as lettuce, fresh rosehip, broccoli, cabbage, spinach) The vitamin level was calculated according to the amount of vegetables (such as vegetables). None of the participants had side effects suggestive of vitamin C toxicity. Besides the height, weight, gender, age, known illness and other demographic data of all participants; COVID-19 disease status, contact with COVID-19 patients, and whether or not they had a COVID infection after contact were examined. In addition, data on the presence of symptoms, severity and duration of the disease were noted in patients with COVID-19 infection, and both groups were compared statistically in terms of results.

Results: In the group receiving less than 500 mg daily; COVID-19 infection symptoms, respiratory distress, disease severity were found to be higher, and the symptoms were found to be more aggressive. While total contact and high-risk contact at all levels was higher in the group that received more than 500 mg of vitamin C daily, the rate of being COVID was lower compared to the other groups.

Conclusion: One of the most effective precautions to be taken to increase body resistance against COVID-19 is adequate vitamin C intake. In the study, it has been shown that adequate vitamin C taken with both food and nutritional supplements reduce the risk of getting COVID-19, reduce the risk of severe respiratory distress on COVID-19, as well as reduce both symptoms and symptom duration.
Gastroenterological disorders increase the prevalence of overactive bladder in females at various ages
Authors: TAŞTEMUR Sedat , TONYALI Şenol , KESEROĞLU Buğra Bilge , TAŞTEMUR Mercan , KARAASLAN Mustafa , YEŞİL Bayram , YÜKSEL Mahmut
Published: January 2022

Aim: In this study we aimed to determine the coexistence of overactive bladder in patients with gastroenterological disorders including hepatitis, cirrhosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Material and Method: We prospectively collected the data of patients who admitted to the outpatient clinic of department of gastroenterology at Ankara Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital between May 2017 and February 2019. All patients with chronic gastroenterological disorders such as hepatitis and irritable bowel syndrome willing to participate after the verbal consent were included in the study Results: A total of 289 female patients were included the study. The mean age of the patients was 49.9 ±13 years. The mean BMI value was 27.9± 4.5 kg/m2. Among 289 patients, 135 (46.7%) had Hepatitis B, 53 (18.3%) had ulcerative colitis, 35 (12.1%) had Crohn’s disease, 22 (7.6%) had autoimmune hepatitis, 19 (6.6%) had primer biliary cirrhosis, 13 (4.5%) had Hepatitis C and 12(4.2%) had celiac disease. The mean age of patients was similar between patients having OAB-v8 higher and lower than 8 (p=0.46). However, patients having OAB score>8 had higher BMI compared to patients who had OAB score
The effect of rehabilitation support on male and female after intertrochanteric femoral fracture treatment
Authors: BAŞAR Betül
Published: January 2022

Aim: The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of rehabilitation support after intertrochanteric femur fractures on men and women. The results of the groups consisting of male and female patients who received and did not receive rehabilitation support were compared both between the same sexes and between different sexes.

Material and Method: One hundred twenty four patients were evaluated under two groups according to whether they received rehabilitation support or not. First group (no rehabilitation support) consists of 42 females, and 29 males, and second group (rehabilitation support) consists of 30 females, and 23 males. While the patients in the first group performed the exercises themselves at home, the patients in the second group received rehabilitation support under the guidance of a physiotherapist. The patients in both groups were also evaluated under 2 subgroups as male and female.

Results: There was no significant differences between both groups in terms of mean age, female male ratio, fracture type, mean follow-up time, Harris hip score, Barthel life index, Parker and Palmer Mobility Scale before fracture. There was also no significant difference between the subgroups of the both groups. Harris hip score, Barthel life index, and Parker and Palmer Mobility Score of males were better than females at the final follow-up in the first group. The results of females were worse than pre-fracture, but there was no difference in males at the final follow-up. Harris hip score, Barthel life index, and Parker and Palmer Mobility Score of males were better than females at the final follow-up in the second group as first group. While the results of females were not different compared to pre-fracture, the results were better in males at the final follow-up. When the female and male subgroups of both groups were compared with each other, it was determined that the results in male and female subgroups in the 2nd group were significantly better.

Conclusion: The continuity of rehabilitation support after hospital discharge is very important. Although rehabilitation support positively affects the results in male and female, it is much more important for female than male.
Overview of blood-borne viral infections in hemodialysis patients: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus infections
Authors: ERGEN Pinar , AYDIN Özlem , ERBAKAN Ayse Naciye , ALIŞIR EJDER Sabahat
Published: January 2022

Aim: This study aimed to examine the blood-borne viral infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to determine the risk factors in hemodialysis patients. Material and Method: The datas of patients who underwent hemodialysis in the hemodialysis unit of our hospital between March 1, 2020 and March 1, 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Their sociodemographic characteristics, habits, underlying diseases and virological indicators related to hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV were obtained from patient files and hospital data processing system. Results:A total of 96 patients were included in the study. Of them, 43.8% (n=42) were female and 56.2% (n=54) were male. Their mean age was 62.61±18.11 years, ranging from 17 to 92. The duration of dialysis was less than 3 months for 46.9% (n=45) of the patients, between 3 months and 3 years for 19.8% (n=19), and 3 years and above for 33.3% (n=32). Thirty patients (31.3%) had diabetes mellitus. In addition, 1% (n=1) of the patients had HBsAg positivity, 3.1% (n=3) had anti-HCV positivity, 59.4% (n=57) had Anti- HBs positivity and 2.1% (n=2) had anti-HIV positivity. No statistically significant difference was found between the patients’ HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV positivity according to gender, duration of dialysis, dialysis application site, alcohol use, surgical intervention and blood transfusion history (p>0.05). Conclusion: Hemodialysis patients may be at risk for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV infection if infection control guidelines are not followed strictly. In addition to complying with these guidelines, both health workers and patients should be trained constantly, patients’ virological indicators should be tested regularly and hepatitis B vaccine should be administered to hemodialysis patients without seroconversion.
Primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions of the wrist: a single-center experience
Authors: SOFULU Ömer
Published: January 2022

Aim: The incidence of primary bone tumors of the wrist is increasing. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics, treatment protocols, complication rates, and functional outcomes of bone tumors of the wrist treated in a tertiary orthopedic oncology center.

Material and Method: We retrospectively analyzed 93 patients with bone tumors located in the wrist (63 distal radius, 23 distal ulna, 7 carpal bone) who were operated on between 2005 and 2020. Demographic information was recorded. Functional outcomes were evaluated with the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society System (MSTS) scoring system.

Results: There were 57 male and 36 female patients. The average follow-up period was 32 months (range 16-163). There were 82 benign and 11 malignant lesions. Distal radius was the most common site of involvement. The most common type of benign tumor in the distal radius and distal ulna was the giant cell tumor (GCT; 26 and 10 patients, respectively). Among the malignant tumors in the distal radius, 5 were Ewing sarcoma, and 2 were osteosarcoma. All patients with malignant lesions underwent wide surgical resection and free vascularized fibular graft (FVFG) reconstruction. Of the malignant tumors in the distal ulna, 3 were Ewing sarcoma, and 1 was osteosarcoma. These were treated with wide resection and FVFG reconstruction (n=3) and wide resection and fibular strut graft (n=1). The rarest site for tumors in the wrist was the carpal bones. Carpal bone lesions included scaphoid (n=5) and lunate (n=2) tumors. In all of these patients, pathological examination indicated intraosseous ganglion cysts. The average MSTS score of all patients was 27 (range 24-30). Of the 36 patients with GCT, 4 (11%) developed local recurrence. One patient with Ewing sarcoma developed local recurrence and underwent secondary amputation. Distant lung metastasis was observed in 5 of 8 patients with Ewing sarcoma.

Conclusion: Our study confirmed that bone tumors in the wrist are rare. Most benign tumors can be treated with curettage and cement augmentation. For malignant tumors, it is possible to restore function with FVFG.
Sepsis induced coagulopathy score and D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients followed in intensive care; what has changed in COVID era?
Authors: AYYILDIZ Ayşe , ÇOBANER Nurdan , YELKEN Birgül
Published: January 2022

Aim: This study was planned to compare the extent of hypercoagulopathic complications in COVID-19 pneumonia with that of last year's pneumonia cases which consist of by other agents.

Material and Method: The data of patients with pneumosepsis due to non-COVID-19 causes between 01 April-30 June 2019 and COVID-19 pneumosepsis patients between 01 April-30 June 2020,were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic data, comorbidities, SOFA scores, SIC scores, D-dimer levels, coagulopathic complications, mortality and discharge status of patients diagnosed with pneumosepsis and treated in both periods were recorded

Results: While sequential D-dimer measurements did not show a significant change in the 2019 group, it was observed that it increased significantly in the 2020 group (p
Temporal change of ventricular repolarization indices and index of cardioelectrophysiological balance (iCEB) during COVID-19 treatment including hydroxychloroquine at a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: ÇELİK Çaşıt Olgun , ÇIFTCI Orçun , ULUBAY Gaye , MÜDERRİSOĞLU Haldun
Published: January 2022

Aim: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely administered to patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19. It may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias associated with QT and QTc prolongation. This study aimed to assess the change in iCEB, a new marker of drug-induced arrhythmia, and other repolarization parameters in suspected COVID-19 patients treated with short-course HCQ.

Material and Method: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including 40 patients hospitalized with suspected COVID-19 according to the CT findings and treated with HCQ. Serial assessments of the QT and QTc intervals and the calculation of the index of cardio-electrophysiological balance (iCEB) were performed using standard 12 lead electrocardiogram before hydroxychloroquine treatment, on the second day of HCQ treatment, and after the day of the last administered dose. 

Results: QT, QTcB, QTcF, iCEB, iCEBcB significantly increased on the second day of HCQ treatment compared to baseline (p=0.009, p=0.001, p=0.002, p=0.047, p=0.05, respectively). Similarly, QT, QTcB, QTcF, iCEBcB and iCEBcF were significantly higher on the fifth day compared to baseline (p=0.011, p=0.005, p=0.005, p=0.013, p=0.028, p=0.024 respectively). However, there were no differences between the second and the fifth days of treatment for any of the studied parameters.

Conclusions: QT, QTc, and iCEB significantly increased compared to baseline on the second day, and remained increased on the fifth day of treatment. The differences were attributed to the amount of loading dose and the duration of HCQ treatment. Our study suggests that, along with other ECG markers, iCEB can be used in COVID-19 patients treated with HCQ.