bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term Effect of Different Cropping Systems on Carbon Sequestration in a Sandy Loam Soil of Telangana
Authors: Nthebere Knight , Sharma S.H.K. , Kumari Ch. Pragathi , Qureshi A. Aziz
Published: March 2022

Background: Rice, maize and Bt cotton are the predominant crops which are either grown solely or in rotation with other crops in Telangana state. As all these crops are exhaustive, non leguminous in nature and may lead to fast soil degradation. Therefore, a major agricultural research priority is needed to sustain soil productivity through carbon sequestration by including legume component in cropping systems. The present study was undertaken to investigate effect of cropping systems on carbon sequestration in the ongoing long-term field trial.
Methods: This field investigation was initiated during the year 2017 at an experimental farm located at College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The surface soil samples were collected at 0-15 cm depth in various treatments within different cropping systems after harvest of Kharif and Rabi crops, 2019-2020 at the completion of third year of the experiment and analysed for soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) status by following standard procedures. Data were subjected to statistical analysis by adopting RBD statistical tool and analysis of variance was worked by adopting operational statistics (OP STAT) software programme. Result: The results indicated the improvement in soil organic carbon over the initial status due to the effect of efficient cropping systems. Significantly highest build-up of organic carbon was noticed in the following cropping sequence: CS5: maize + pigeon pea (1:3) (1.25 Mg ha-1) and CS4: pigeon pea + green gram (1:3) - sesame (1.22 Mg ha-1) but the lowest value of SOC was recorded in CS1: rice-maize (7.51 Mg ha-1) and CS2: Bt cotton-fallow (7.24 Mg ha-1), respectively. During the study, it was also observed that in one of the cropping systems i.e., CS10: bhendi-marigold-beetroot showed the negative impact on the level of SOC stock (6.77 Mg ha-1) fell below the initial value (7.53 Mg ha-1) after third year of trial. However, the highest carbon sequestration rate was recorded in CS5: maize + pigeon pea (0.42 Mg ha-1 yr-1) and CS4: pigeon pea + green gram (1:3) - sesame (0.41 Mg ha-1 yr-1). The salient findings of this study showed that cropping systems involving legumes and fodder crops had improved soil organic carbon on long term basis.
Behavioural Disorders in Dogs and Cats: A Review
Authors: Haq A.U. , Malik H.U. , Randhawa S.S. , El-Shazly M. , Chandran D.
Published: March 2022

Psychiatry is a specialized branch of medicine that studies behavioural disorders in humans and animals. In dogs and cats, behavioural problems are analogous to human psychiatric diseases, with the most common psychopathologies addressed being generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, separation anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. The level of bizarre behaviours displayed by the pets varies due to a variety of factors such as hereditary, prenatal dam modification and events during their neonatal and socializing phase. The behavioural changes recorded in dogs and cats include trembling, vocalizing, urinating, soiling, defecating, salivating, hiding, destructiveness, aggression, fear and obsessive behaviours. It is critical to remember that other medical complications, that can produce similar behavioural changes, must be addressed for the animal’s specific therapy. For the treatment of behavioural disorders in pets, different therapeutic agents (like Tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, benzodiazepines and a typical antidepressants) are used together with the behavioural modification strategies.
Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Weed Management Methods in the Lower Gangetic Plain Zone
Authors: Bhattacharya Urjashi , Ghosh Alindip , Sarkar Smritikana , Maity Shrabanti
Published: March 2022

Background: In India, rice covers largest area under cultivation. Among the biotic stresses weeds pose serious threat to rice if not controlled in its critical crop-weed competition period, reducing yield by 50%, in case of transplanted rice. The experiment was carried out to evaluate effectiveness of different herbicides and its combination with mechanical weed control methods in checking weed population in transplanted rice so as to maintain sustained production. Methods: The experiment was carried out in lower Gangetic plain zone during kharif season of 2018. It was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were pretilachlor 50% EC@ 1500 ml ha-1 (0-4 DAT), butachlor 50% EC @ 4000 ml ha-1 (0-4 DAT), bispyribac Na 10% SC @ 200 ml ha-1 (Post-emergence), Sesbania intercrop @ 25 kg ha-1 up to 30 DAT followed by mechanical incorporation followed by 1 hand weeding @ 50 DAT, pretilachlor 50% EC @ 1500 ml ha-1 (0-4 DAT) followed by bispyribac Na 10% SC @ 2000 ml ha-1 (25 DAT), two hand weedings at 25 DAT and 50 DAT and untreated control. Result: Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus difformis, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Ludwigia octovalvis, Echinochloa colona, Fimbristyslis sp. were the dominating weed species as per experimental findings. Among all treatments two hand weedings at 25 DAT and 50 DAT significantly reduced the total weed density (no.m-2) while total weed biomass (g m-2) as was found to be lowest in treatment of pretilachlor 50% EC @ 1500 ml ha-1 (0-4 DAT) followed by bispyribac Na 10% SC @ 2000 ml ha-1 (25 DAT). Highest growth characteristics in rice was observed in treatment of two hand weedings at 25 DAT and 50 DAT. Pre- emergence and post-emergence application of pretilachlor and bispyribac sodium, respectively, was successful in achieving highest yield attributes, yield (4.12 t ha-1) and economic return (Rs. 47438 ha-1).
The Effects of Oral Feeding Methods in Preterm Infants on Transition to Direct-Breastfeeding and Discharge Time: A Retrospective Cohort Design
Authors: Çamur Zühal , Çetinkaya Bengü
Published: March 2022

Background

The most common alternatives in feeding preterm infants are bottle feeding and cup feeding. However, there is no clear and precise clinical evidence to show the superiority of a single method. New studies are needed to eliminate confusion on this subject.

Aim

The effects of oral feeding methods on the transition to direct-breastfeeding and length of stay in preterm infants.

Methods

This retrospective study was carried out in a single NICU. Data was collected from the digital records and explored the effects of bottle feeding and cup feeding. One hundred fifty-eight preterm infants (30–34 weeks) met the inclusion criteria. Seventy-eight of them were bottle-fed, and eighty of them were cup-fed.

Results

Statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney U test and t-test) has shown that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (bottle & cup) in terms of transition to direct-breastfeeding and length of hospital stay (p > .05).

Conclusions

As a result of the current study, both feeding methods are equally effective and can be used as alternative oral feeding methods.
The Disappointment Dilemma: The Role of Expectation Proclivity and Disappointment Aversion in Describing Financial Risk Aversion and Investing Risk-Taking Behavior
Authors: Grable John E. , Kwak Eun-Jin
Published: March 2022

This article adds to the existing literature on financial risk aversion and risk taking by testing the possibility that a person’s degree of disappointment aversion, as an anticipatory emotion, may be an antecedent of risk-taking behavior. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to introduce two interrelated measures—the expectation-proclivity scale and the disappointment-aversion scale—and to establish the empirical association between expectation-proclivity and disappointment-aversion scale scores and financial risk aversion and financial risk taking. Results from this study show that disappointment aversion is positively associated with financial risk aversion, whereas establishing high outcome expectations is negatively related with financial risk aversion. Additionally, findings show that disappointment aversion and expectation proclivity are inversely related. Findings from this study provide support for what is termed in this article the disappointment dilemma hypothesis. Specifically, financial decision-makers who are averse to disappointment may be prone to allocating assets and investment dollars in ways that minimize or avoid disappointment in the short-run, but by doing so, may regret risk-avoiding behavior in the future.
Parents’ Interactive Problem-Solving Behavior and Emotion Studied With Audio Compared With Video Source
Authors: Pridham Karen , Melby Janet , Connor Anthony , Brown Roger , Nemykina Yuliya
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: Parents’ communication and problem-solving interaction with each other and with clinicians influences the caregiving of infants with a chronic health problem, making in-depth study of this interaction critical for design of interventions to support caregiving. This study, however, has been severely limited by lack of observational methods that can be applied in home, clinic and community settings. The Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scales provide comprehensive description of communicative and problem-solving behavior and emotion, but have only been applied to video-recorded interaction. Audio recording, in contrast to video recording, has the advantage of being unobtrusive, readily accessible, and generally acceptable, increasing the opportunity for focused examination and intervention of parents’ interaction with each other or with clinicians. Our study objective was to examine the agreement of scores obtained on parents’ interactive problem-solving behavior coded with the Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scales using an audio-recorded source for coding compared with coding from a video-recorded source. Method: In secondary analysis, audio-recordings were derived from video recordings of 15 parent-parent interactions. Audio recordings were created and coded blind of the original video recording and coding. Results: Using Gwet’s AC1 coefficient, agreement was at least moderate (0.61 – 0.80) for 69.1% of paired codes, signifying reliability of coding from audio recording for most codes. Implications for Practice: Selected Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scales can be used with acceptable reliability for coding parents’ interactive problem-solving behavior from audio source, advancing the study of parent interactive-problem solving behavior and potentially parents’ problem solving with clinicians.
CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND CORPORATE PERFORMANCE OF LISTED HEALTHCARE COMPANIES IN MALAYSIA
Authors:   Faculty of Business, Master of Business Administration, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia, Lim Wan Ching , Naysary Babak ,   Assistant Professor, Monash University Malaysia, School of Business, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: March 2022

This study is focused on describing the dependent variable phenomenon under study which is corporate performance. The study will evaluate the influences of capital structure and the dimensions towards the corporate performance of listed healthcare companies in Malaysia. The nature of the investigation is quantitative based correlation design, and the purpose of this investigation is to determine the existence of the relationship between debt to total asset ratio, debt to total equity ratio, and long-term debt ratio of capital structure with the corporate performance of listed healthcare companies in Malaysia. This study setting is non-contrived as there are no changes made in the study setting and it is merely collecting data from secondary resources. The data will be randomly selected from the company’s annual report. The sample size of this study is 24 listed healthcare companies in Malaysia from the year 2018 to the year 2020. To determine the influences of capital structure and the relationship towards corporate performance by using appropriate statistical techniques. The findings indicated that DAR, DER, and LDR had a statistically significant linear relationship on ROE; whereas DAR, DER and LDR had no significant linear relationship on ROA.
GENDER DIFFERENCES LEARNING VALUE: A CASE STUDY OF PLAYING MOTORCYCLE GAME LEARNING
Authors:   Doctoral candidate, Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, Chang Sheng-Yuan , Jan Shiun-Taung ,   Doctoral candidate, Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the gender differences in vocational high school for playing the 3D motorcycle digital game on the tablet and the participants who don’t have the license of motorcycle driving yet. A questionnaire, relevant to the items of gameplay anxiety, cognitive anxiety, learning value and continuance intention, is conducted after playing the digital game simulated at the regulation of riding the motorcycle on the road, correctly riding behaviour and the interference with another unexcepted driving behaviour. The finding of this study is that the gender difference significantly of the gameplay anxiety, cognitive anxiety, learning value (attitude and behaviour), and the feeling of females are more than male.
SELF-DIRECTEDNESS IN NON-FORMAL ONLINE BUSINESS ENGLISH COURSES: ADULT LEARNERS’ PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Vilnius University Business School, Vilnius, Lithuania, Kilde Laura
Published: March 2022

Self-directedness is vital to adult learners as it allows them to stay motivated and achieve effective results while learning online and balancing between family and work. This research aims to determine Lithuanian adult learners perceived self-directedness while learning English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in non-formal online courses. To this end, their approaches towards the factors of self-directedness were investigated. The indicators defined by Khiat (2015), including Goal Setting, Time Management, Procrastination Management, Assignment Preparation, Final Test Preparation, Note-taking Capability, Research Capability, Technical Readiness, Online Class Readiness, and Stress Management were involved in a detailed analysis to establish which variables were the most meaningful ones in terms of learners’ self-directedness. The study revealed that adult students are highly self-directed while learning Business English in non-formal online courses at a language school. The findings confirmed that the application of self-directedness and its development in learning processes leads to higher levels of motivation and successful learning outcomes. Based on the findings, these adult learners’ perspectives could contribute to larger-scale surveys in formal and informal forms of education to enhance learners’ self-directedness and achieve successful learning results.
Efecto de un programa de entrenamiento en habilidades sociales de niños con pérdida auditiva: resultados de un estudio piloto
Authors: Mamani Elvira , Quiñones Maritza , Mundo Candy Del Pilar , Chanamé Eva
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del entrenamiento en habilidades sociales en niños que presentan hipoacusia en una Institución de Educación Básica Especial (CEBE) en Lima Metropolitana. Material y Métodos: Estudio piloto de diseño pre-experimental, longitudinal, que se desarrolló con 22 niños entre 8 a 12 años con hipoacusia. Se incluyeron niños con Hipoacusia bilateral, que tuviera uno o más años de estudios en el CEBE. Para evaluar las habilidades sociales (HHSS), se aplicó The Matson Evaluation of Social Skills in Youngsters (MESSY) a los alumnos y docentes. Posterior a ello se desarrolló el programa de entrenamiento en HHSS programado con 13 intervenciones, a frecuencia de una hora dos veces por semana. Se observó a la población durante dos meses y se volvió a aplicar el MESSY. Resultados: Evidenciaron mejora en las HHSS, en el autoreporte del alumno; específicamente en la dimensión de Agresividad/Conducta Antisocial con diminución del 90%; así mismo, 82% de la población redujo en la dimensión Soledad/Ansiedad Social y el 64% mejoró sus HHSS apropiadas. Sobre la evaluación del docente, en la dimensión Agresividad/Conducta Antisocial; el 77% de los niños con hipoacusia redujeron porcentaje en ese comportamiento. Conclusiones: La comparación de los  puntajes antes y después del Programa de Entrenamiento en HHSS evidenciaron que los niños con hipoacusia aumentaron sus puntajes positivos y redujeron los negativos.
Membaca Visi Ilmu dan Teknologi Kontemporer dari Sudut Pandang Filsafat Islam
Authors: Badry Ahmad Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

This paper is a philosophical reflection on how the development of science and technology can be studied better through the tradition of Islamic philosophy. This is attempted because the approach that has been used to study science and technology in the Islamic world is still centered on the process of assimilation or Islamization of Knowledge. In a critical reading of the two approaches, the problems that arise from the study of contemporary science and technology become something that is difficult to anticipate. In fact, the development of science and technology is also moving very fast. This raises the question of the need for alternative approaches in the study of contemporary science and technology in the arena of Islamic Philosophy. To solve this problem, the author conducted an initial experiment that could elaborate Irfani's approach on the one hand with studies of contemporary science and technology on the other. This becomes possible with the reinterpretation of the concept of emanation that exists in the discourse of Yazdiyah's Hudhuri Science. Based on this interpretation as well as the perspective that Mishbah Yazdi has made about the help of Irfan in philosophy, the application of the Irfani approach in the study of science and technology becomes possible as part of the practice of Hudhuri Science. On a more practical level, the author also uses this Irfani approach in a scenario format to read the vision of contemporary science and technology in the NBIC discourse.
Effects of PD-1 Signaling on Immunometabolic Reprogramming
Authors: Boussiotis Vassiliki A. , Patsoukis Nikolaos
Published: March 2022

Programmed Death-1 (PD-1; CD279) is an inhibitory receptor induced in several activated immune cells and, after engagement with its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, serves as a key mediator of peripheral tolerance. However, PD-1 signaling also has detrimental effects on T cell function by posing breaks on antitumor and antiviral immunity. PD-1 blocking immunotherapy either alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities has shown great promise in cancer treatment. However, it is unclear why only a small fraction of patients responds to this type of therapy. For this reason, efforts to better understand the mechanisms of PD-1 function have recently been intensified, with the goal to reveal new strategies to overcome current limitations. The signaling pathways that are inhibited by PD-1 impact key regulators of metabolism. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the effects of PD-1 on metabolic reprogramming of immune cells and their consequences on systemic metabolism.
Ordinalbayes: Fitting Ordinal Bayesian Regression Models to High-Dimensional Data Using R
Authors: Archer Kellie J. , Seffernick Anna Eames , Sun Shuai , Zhang Yiran
Published: March 2022

Stage of cancer is a discrete ordinal response that indicates aggressiveness of disease and is often used by physicians to determine the type and intensity of treatment to be administered. For example, the FIGO stage in cervical cancer is based on the size and depth of the tumor as well as the level of spread. It may be of clinical relevance to identify molecular features from high-throughput genomic assays that are associated with stage of cervical cancer, to elucidate pathways related to tumor aggressiveness, identify improved molecular features that may be useful for staging, and identify therapeutic targets. High-throughput RNA-Seq data and corresponding clinical data (including stage) for cervical cancer patients has been made available through The Cancer Genome Atlas Project (TCGA). We recently described penalized Bayesian ordinal response models that can be used for variable selection for over-parameterized datasets such as the TCGA-CESC dataset. Herein, we describe our ordinalbayes R package, available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN), which is capable of fitting cumulative logit models when the outcome is ordinal and the number of predictors exceeds the sample size, P>N, such as for TCGA data. We demonstrate use of this package through application to TCGA cervical cancer dataset. Our ordinalbayes package can be used to fit models to high-dimensional dataset and effectively performs variable selection.
Would New SARS-CoV-2 Variants Change the War Against COVID-19?
Authors: Redwan Elrashdy M. , Elrashdy Fatma , Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Baetas-da-Cruz Wagner , Barh Debmalya , Brufsky Adam M. , Hassan Sk. Sarif , Lundstrom Kenneth , Serrano-Aroca Ángel , Takayama Kazuo , Tambuwala Murtaza M. , Uhal Bruce D. , Uversky Vladimir N
Published: March 2022

The scientific, private and industrial sectors use a wide variety of technological platforms available to achieve protection against SARS-CoV-2, including vaccines. However, the virus evolves continually into new highly virulent variants, which might overcome the protection provided by vaccines and may re-expose the population to infections. Mass vaccinations should be continued in combination with more or less obligation mandatory non-pharmaceutical interventions. Therefore, the key questions to be answered are: (i) How to identify the primary and secondary infections of SARS-CoV-2? (ii) Why are neutralizing antibodies not long-lasting in both the cases of natural infections and post-vaccinations? (iii) Which are the factors responsible for this decay in neutralizing antibodies? (iv) What strategy could be adapted to develop long-term herd immunity? (v) Is the Spike the only vaccine candidate or a vaccine cocktail is better?
Alcohol Consumption, Loneliness, Quality of Life, Social Media Usage, and General Anxiety Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Singapore
Authors: Ung Mengieng , Wan Kalista Yearn Yee , Liu Shi Yu , Choo Ying Jie , Liew Nathaniel Shan Wei , Shang Zhexuan Azure , Khoo Sophie Su Hui , Tay Wei Xuan , Lin Ruixi , Yi Siyan
Published: March 2022

This study aims to identify factors associated with anxiety levels of adults living in Singapore before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were collected using a cross-sectional web-based survey conducted from July to November 2020 accruing 264 eligible participants. Ordered logistic regression was used to assess Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), ranked as minimal (0-4), mild (5-9), moderate (10-14), and severe (15-21) before the pandemic and during the pandemic. About 74% of participants were female, 50% were aged 25-34, and 50% were married. The GAD-7 level went up from pre-pandemic for both moderate (from 12.5% to 16%) and severe GAD (from 2% to 11%). Alcohol consumption (AOR 1.79, 95% CI 1.04-3.06), loneliness (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.54), and difficulty in switching off social media (AOR 2.21, 95% CI 1.29-3.79) predicted increased GAD-7 levels. The quality of life (AOR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79-0.90) was significantly associated with decreased GAD-7 levels. The results heighten the awareness that early initiation of mental health support is crucial for the population in addition to the various financial support measures provided by the government as they are adapting to live with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Population Genetic Structure of the Bean Leaf Beetle Ootheca mutabilis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Uganda
Authors: Kanyesigye Dalton , Alibu Vincent Pius , Tay Wee Tek , Nalela Polycarp , Paparu Pamela , Olaboro Samuel , Nkalubo Stanley Tamusange , Kayondo Ismail Siraj , Silva Gonçalo , Seal Susan Elizabeth , Otim Michael Hilary
Published: March 2022

leaf beetle (BLB) (Ootheca mutabilis) has emerged as an important bean pest in Uganda, leading to devastating crop losses. There is limited information on the population genetic structure of BLB despite their importance. In this study, novel microsatellite markers and the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene sequences were used to analyze the spatial population genetic structure, genetic differentiation, gene flow and haplotype diversity of 87 O. mutabilis samples from five populations. We identified 19,356 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, and hexa-nucleotides) of which 81 di, tri and tetra-nucleotides were selected for primer synthesis. Five highly polymorphic SSR markers (4-21 alleles, heterozygosi-ty 0.59-0.84, polymorphic information content (PIC) 50.13-83.14%) were used for this study. Analyses of the five O. mutabilis populations with these five novel SSRs found 89% of genetic variation occurring within individuals, 9% among individuals and 2% among populations. Genetic differentiation was low but significant for SSR and insignificant for mtCOI partial sequence data while gene flow was high across the populations. There was no evidence of isolation by distance between geographical and genetic distances. Bayesian clustering identified signature of admixture that suggests genetic contributions from two ancestral genetic lineages, and the median-joining haplotype network showed low differentiation of many different haplotypes from the most common haplotype. Low genetic differentiation and high gene flow indicates unrestricted migrations between populations. This information will contribute to the design of BLB control strategies.
Closing an Open Balance: the Impact of Increased Roundwood Harvest on Forest Carbon
Authors: Soimakallio Sampo , Böttcher Hannes , Niemi Jari , Mosley Fredric , Turunen Sara , Hennenberg Klaus , Reise Judith , Fehrenbach Horst
Published: March 2022

Fossil-based emissions can be avoided through using wood in place of non-renewable raw materials as energy and materials. However, increasing wood harvest influences forest carbon stocks. This effect may reduce the overall climate benefit of wood use significantly but is widely overlooked. We carried out a systematic review of simulation studies and compared differences in forest carbon and amount of wood harvested between more and less intensive wood harvest scenarios for three different time perspectives; short (1-30 years), mid (31-70 years) and long (71-100 years). Out of more than 450 reviewed studies 44 provided adequate data. Our results show that increased harvesting reduced carbon stocks over 100 years in temperate and boreal forests roughly 1.6 (stdev 0.9) tC per tC harvested. The value proved to be robust when outliers explicitly influenced by other factors than change in harvest rate, such as increase in fertilization or forest area, were removed. Interestingly, no significant difference in carbon impacts was found for average values of boreal and temperate forests or between short and long time-horizons. However, impacts tend to be greatest in the mid-term. This carbon balance indicator that we estimated can be interpreted as carbon debit of wood harvest in forests. It is significant compared with the typical GHG credits in technosphere generated by avoiding fossil emissions in substitution and increase in carbon storage in harvested wood products, and should not be ignored. Our estimates provide default values that can directly be included in GHG balances of products or assessment of mitigation policies and measures related to wood use. However, more systematic scenarios and transparent data in which different factors influencing forest carbon stocks are separately studied are clearly required to provide better constrained estimates for specific forest types.
Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Kadar Total Fenol dan Total Flavonoid Esktrak Etanol Daun Insulin (Smallanthus sonchifolius) serta Aktivitas Antibakteri Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Putri Chintiana Nindya , Rahardhian Muhammad Ryan Radix , Ramonah Dewi
Published: March 2022

Fenomena resistensi antibiotik menjadi permasalahan baru dalam terapi infeksi, sehingga mendorong dilakukannya penemuan produk baru berbasis bahan alam. Daun insulin merupakan bahan alam yang berpotensi sebagai antimikroba karena mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti fenolik dan flavonoid. Jumlah kandungan senyawa tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah metode ekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan metode ekstraksi maserasi dan digesti terhadap kadar total fenolik dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas penghambatan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dari ekstrak etanol daun insulin 5%,10%,15%. Pada penelitian ini penentuan kadar fenolik dan flavonoid menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis, sedangkan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2018 menggunakan difusi agar. Hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa kadar flavonoid dan fenolik ekstrak daun insulin yang diekstraksi dengan maserasi lebih besar dibandingkan digesti yaitu sebesar 40,2 mg GAE/g, sedangkan pada metode digesti hanya 8,12 mg GAE/g untuk kadar fenolik. Kandungan total flavonoid ekstrak dari metode maserasi sebanyak 28,42 mg QE/g, sedangkan pada metode digesti sebanyak 11,52 mg QE/g. Pada pengujian antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2018 diperoleh hasil bahwa ekstraksi dengan maserasi memiliki diameter daya hambat lebih besar dibandingkan digesti.
Aktivitas Antibiofilm Ekstrak dan Fraksi-Fraksi Biji Pinang (Areca catechu L.) Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923
Authors: Tobi Claudius Hendraman B. , Saptarini Opstaria , Rahmawati Ismi
Published: March 2022

Biofilm merupakan kumpulan dari sel-sel mikrobial yang melekat secara ireversibel pada suatu permukaan dan terbungkus dalam matriks EPS (Extracellular PolymericSubstances). Salah satu bakteri infeksius yang memproduksi biofilm adalah S. aureus. Biji pinang diketahui mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid dan tanin yang memiliki mekanisme antibiofilm dan antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibiofilm ekstrak dan fraksi biji pinang terhadap bakteri S. aureus. Ekstraksi biji pinang dilakukan dengan metode maserasi, fraksinasi dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut air, etil asetat dan n-heksan. Aktivitas penghambatan dan degradasi biofilm dilakukan dengan metode pewarnaan kristal violet yang dibaca pada panjang gelombang 595 nm. Persen peghambatan dan degradasi yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik ANAVA dua arah. Persen penghambatan dan degradasi tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak etanolyaitu secara berturut-turut 70,17% dan 54%dengan nilai IC50 secara berturut-turut yaitu -0,4 mg/ml dan 5,9 mg/ml. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan setiap kelompok sampel dan konsentrasi memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada persen penghambatan dan degradasi biofilm.
Editorial JPI Vol. 4 No. 2
Authors: Kunto Imbar
Published: March 2022

DAFTAR ISI            Volume 4, Nomor 2, November 2021.

 

Sahlia. (2021). Aplikasi Edmodo Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Berbasis E-learning. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 01 - 08. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.01

 

Wulan Darii, R., Purwaningsih, S., & Darmaji, D. (2021). Pengembangan Penuntun Praktikum Fisika SMA/MA Berbasis KPS menggunakan 3D Pageflip Professional pada Materi Pengukuran . Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 09 - 20. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.02

 

Fauzan, M., Sidiq, N. M., & Nugraha, H. (2021). Efektivitas Implementasi Teknologi Informasi pada Bimbingan & Konseling di Era Pandemi. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 21 - 31. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.03

 

Farhani, N. (2021). Inovasi Kegiatan dan Pembelajaran pada Masa Pandemi di Sekolah Alam Auliya Kendal. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 32 - 39. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.04

 

Maudiarti, S., & Adriani, H. (2021). Find Out East Sakerta Tourism Village Thematic Concept for Sign System Design. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 40 - 48. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.05

 

Widyaningrum, retno, & Imbar, K. (2021). Flipped Classroom pada Mata Kuliah Persepsi dan Desain Pesan di Prodi Teknologi Pendidikan UNJ. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 49 - 53. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.06

 

Veren Trifena, Kunto Imbar Nursetyo, M.Pd, & Erry Utomo, Ph.D. (2021). Pengembangan Buku Panduan Sistem Aplikasi Satker (SAS) Untuk Pembuatan Surat Perintah Membayar (SPM) Pada Satker Deputi III BPOM RI. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 54 - 63. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.07

 

Afrista, E., Retno Widyaningrum, S.Kom., M.M., & Diana Ariani, S.Pd., M.Pd. (2021). Pengembangan Learning Object Video Motion Graphic Mata Kuliah Persepsi dan Desain Pesan di Program Studi S1 Teknologi Pendidikan UNJ. Jurnal Pembelajaran Inovatif, 4(2), 64 - 71. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPI.042.08
Flipped Classroom pada Mata Kuliah Persepsi dan Desain Pesan di Prodi Teknologi Pendidikan UNJ
Authors: Widyaningrum Retno , Imbar Kunto
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses penerapan model pembelajaran Flipped Classroom pada mata kuliah Persepsi dan desain pesan di Program Studi Teknologi Pendidikan Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Adapun langkah-langkah yang akan dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu; Learning Objectives, tahap ini adalah dengan menetapkan tujuan pembelajaran pada mata kuliah Persepsi dan desain pesan. Curricular Content, tahap ini menentukan materi-materi pembelajaran yang akan dipelajari oleh mahasiswa selama satu semester pada mata kuliah Persepsi dan desain pesan. Instructional Strategies, tahap ini menentukan bagaimana proses pembelajaran akan dilaksanakan baik untuk pembelajaran secara online maupun pembelajaran tatap muka di kelas, seperti. Evaluation, pada tahap ini yang dilakukan menilai kualitas dari implementasi Flepped Classroom dalam pembelajaran. Hasil dari penelitian pengembangan ini adalah mendeskripsikan hasil dari penerapan pembelajaran model flipped classroom pada mata kuliah Persepsi dan desain pesan.

 

This study aims to describe the process of implementation the Flipped Classroom learning model on Message Design Principles courses in the Educational Technology Study Program, Faculty of Education, at the State University of Jakarta. The steps to be taken in this research are; Learning Objectives, this stage is to set learning objectives in the Message Design Principles course. Curricular Content, this stage determines learning materials that will be studied by students for one semester in the Message Design Principles course. Instructional Strategies, this stage determines how the learning process will be carried out both for online learning and face-to-face learning in class, such as. Evaluation, at this stage, assesses the quality of the implementation of the Flepped Classroom in learning. The results of this development research are describing the results of applying the learning model of the flipped classroom in the Message Design Principles course.
Fine-grained distal deposits of a mixed siliciclastic–carbonate marine system: Origin of mud and implications on mixing processes
Authors: Remírez Mariano N. , Spalletti Luis A. , Isla Manuel F. , Schwarz Ernesto
Published: March 2022

Mixed siliciclastic–carbonate sediments in the distal settings of marine systems (i.e., offshore and basin areas) are the result of the complex interaction between production of benthic and pelagic biogenic carbonates and the exportation of terrigenous, and/or carbonate mud from shallow-marine settings. Thus, the origin of mud (particles < 63 mm) of different compositions and the processes responsible for mixing them play a key role in the final distal deposits of mixed systems. Although the understanding of these topics in shallow settings has made significant progress, one of the critical issues is to recognize them in the offshore and basinal settings for understanding the link between shallow-marine and deep-marine areas. In this study, a thick Lower Cretaceous succession (330–650 m) of the Neuquén Basin, composed mostly of mixed (siliciclastic–carbonate) fine-grained marine deposits, was studied through a high-resolution analysis of petrography, SEM analysis, and mineralogy, to define and characterize the origin of carbonate and terrigenous mud as well as to characterize the processes involved in the mixing of terrigenous and carbonate mud on a storm-dominated ramp. Contrary to previous suggestions, most of the carbonate recognized in the basinal setting is composed of silt- to sand-size skeletal remains and micrite (micarbs) and is likely derived from a pelagic biogenic factory combined with carbonate derived from the maceration of benthic organism. Furthermore, micarbs are possibly diagenetic in origin but with a distally produced carbonate precursor. In contrast, the siliciclastic fraction is entirely detrital, being silt-size quartz particles and clay minerals (mainly illite) the most important constituents. Most of the terrigenous mud delivered from shallow areas acts to dilute the distally produced carbonate mud. However, a bloom of carbonate production able to dilute terrigenous supply is recorded, and its origin is likely triggered by the input of waters charged with nutrients from the paleo–Pacific Ocean in addition to nutrients derived from proto-Andes volcanic activity. This demonstrates that the relation between the terrestrially derived siliciclastic components and the biogenically produced carbonates in mixed systems is not linear, but a complex interaction of climate, sea-level, origin of the components, and hydrography of the basin, among others.
Ordovician and Silurian Formations of the Baltic Syneclise (NE Poland): An Organic Geochemistry Approach
Authors: Kosakowski P. , Zakrzewski A. , Waliczek M.
Published: March 2022

The Baltic Syneclise is one of the Paleozoic basins along the western margin of the East European Craton. Commercial amounts of hydrocarbons have been found onshore and offshore in the Middle Cambrian sandstones and Upper Ordovician limestone reefs. The Middle-Upper Cambrian and Tremadocian bituminous shales have been identified as good quality effective source rocks. The existence of good quality source rocks in the Ordovician and Silurian profiles provides an impetus for conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon explorations in this region. Geochemical analyses revealed that the rocks of the Middle–Late Ordovician and Early Silurian horizons exhibit overall good to very good source rock quality. Within the Ordovician strata, the Sasino and Prabuty formations exhibit the highest amounts of organic carbon with the median total organic carbon (TOC) values of 1.96 and 1.23 wt. %, respectively. The Pasłęk and Pelplin formations in the lowest parts of the Lower Silurian stand out clearly from other formations with the median TOC values of 0.91 and 1.15 wt. % and median total hydrocarbon content (S1+S2) of 2.46 and 1.54 mg HC/g rock, respectively. The analyzed successions are dominated by immature/early mature, algal (oil-prone) type II, and mixed II/I kerogen deposited in a marine paleoenvironment with anoxic conditions at the bottom and oxic conditions in the photic zone. Immature organic matter prevails in the eastern and central parts of the study area (Gołdap–Kętrzyn–Olsztyn area), and the western part (Darżlubie–Hel–Gdańsk area) has mature kerogen.
Logging Cement and Casing Integrity in Parallel with Wellbore Intervention to Maximize Efficiency of Operations
Authors: Hawthorn Andrew , Steinsiek Roger , Rahman Shaela
Published: March 2022

Conventionally casing and cement evaluation logging has played a critical part in the success of well intervention operations. Understanding the condition of the casing, whether it is worn or corroded, and the material in the annulus behind the casing, such as cement quality, whether there is fluid, settled barite or even gas directly play into the success or otherwise and also the safety of these operations. Historically this information has only been available from wireline conveyed tools, as a consequence of this other rig operations then have to stop to allow the wireline logging. As wells become more complex, more deviated and deeper, then the time required to obtain this data can become an economic constraint.

This paper will introduce a drillpipe conveyed casing and cement evaluation tool that can be deployed in parallel with other runs in the well to improve the efficiency of well intervention and plug and abandonment operations. This also allows multiple times when this data can be obtained to best fit the rig operations without adding extra time to the rig schedule. Case histories will demonstrate how operators improved efficiency, reduced rigtime and personnel on board, improved the safety of operations and reduced the risk of non-productive time by the application of this new technology.
New Method to Enable Jarring and Combine Straight-Pulling in Highly Deviated Wells
Authors: Feliu Rodrigo , McHardy Philip , Wiesenborn Kyle
Published: March 2022

An advanced jarring method was developed for deviated wells where conventional jarring is not possible. Comparing the results of jarring impact with this new method to jarring impact with conventional methods showed similar effectiveness.

Rather than relying on gravity or energy stored in the cable (slickline or e-line), a high-performance, fully adjustable spring jar uses an accelerator to provide consistent energy storage and delivery during the jarring operation. However, this cannot be used in highly deviated wells because there may not be enough cable pull to energize the accelerator and perform an effective jarring event. To enable this, a wireline linear actuator can be used to pull and energize the accelerator and fire the jar effectively. In addition, having a jar and a linear actuator combined on the same run can allow for a more efficient fishing strategy by combining jarring and a straight pull or push.

To prove the feasibility of this method, a system integration test was performed in which the linear actuator was used to fire the high-performance jar through an accelerator. In this test, the jarring force and the acceleration of the fish (the element being jarred) was measured and compared to standard jarring without the linear actuator. The measurements showed that it does not make a difference whether the jar is fired by the cable or by the linear actuator; the same force and acceleration (i.e., shock level) was imparted. This means that the linear actuator can be used to fire the jar without losing effectiveness. To achieve maximum efficiency, jarring and straight-pulling can be combined in the same run during which the two can be alternated to maximize results.

This method is novel because it enables jarring in highly deviated wells and allows for jarring and straight-pulling on the same run, creating a more comprehensive fishing strategy.
Intelligent Coiled Tubing Operation Practices to Install Expandable Casing Patch
Authors: Rahimov Khalid , Arstianti Haleyna , Cahyono Agus
Published: March 2022

A customer in Asia Pacific had challenges with high gas oil ratios on several wells that limited production as not to exceed a gas handling facilities capacity. One of the most effective and challenging options proposed to isolate the intervals of high gas production was the installation of expandable metal patches. While historically the preferred deployment method of a patch has been wireline, due to the accuracy required to set the patch, with coiled tubing enhanced in providing real-time data transfer, the advantages of utilizing it for installing mechanical isolation become superior.

The Intelligent coiled tubing system consists of a customized bottom hole assembly that transmits differential pressure, temperature, casing collar locator and tension-compression-torque data instantaneously to the surface via a nonintrusive wire installed inside the coiled tubing string. All of these parameters are crucial for an appropriate deployment of a patch, the information is required to accurately understand the scenario of what is happening downhole at each given moment and what effect a control input could possibly have on the work scope

The right solution to a problematic well is only as good as the accuracy it can be applied with. The Intelligent Coiled Tubing System was a defining factor for the success of the production solutions. The setting process of the patch is composed of several duplicated cycles; these cycles must be performed simultaneously and be harmoniously integrated with a very small margin for error. On an intervention where 99% accuracy is not enough, the proper performance of each patch installed, is also attributed to the precision of the data received from the sensors in the BHA, this made possible for the patch to be set at the right depth and in the due diligence required for the scope.

The efficient system performance confirmed the advantage of using intelligent coiled tubing for patch installation, providing immediate production benefits to the operator and direct positive financial impact. This paper will detail the process followed, to successfully set the multiple patches in the several wells. It will also highlight the accuracy from the coiled tubing performance simulation vs the execution.
Pioneering Technology Solutions for Extended Reach Wells - High Expansion Coiled Tubing Tractor
Authors: Saiood Hussain , Duthie Laurie , Anizi Abdulaziz , Dhufairi Mubarak , French Andrew
Published: March 2022

Well intervention in horizontal extended reach wells (ERWs) comes with a myriad of challenges and in the case of coiled tubing the overarching impediment is in reaching the target depth (TD). Frictional forces act against the coiled tubing (CT) while being pushed from surface, this eventually leads to helical buckling of the tubing and early lockup where no further progress is made. Advances have been made over the last decade with the development of high-tech downhole CT tractors that deliver a strong pulling force to overcome these frictional forces. Restrictions in the well completion require these tractors to collapse to 2-1/8″, and then to expand to the cased or open hole size of up to 6-1/8″. With many wells having a larger bore size of 8-1/2″, a CT tractor did not exist to improve the coverage in those type of wells.

At first glance, modifying the existing tractor for 6-1/8″ sized holes to function in 8-1/2″ sized holes could be accomplished by simply extending the lengths of the arms. However, the reality is a little more nuanced with several innovations required to deliver the same pulling force as the 6-1/8″ tractor version. This new generation of downhole compact high expansion tractors have improved push-links and newly designed grippers to enable rig-less acid stimulation and production logging in ERWs.

The high expansion tractor is an important facilitator in CT well interventions to tackle challenging ERWs by increasing the coverage in 8-1/2″ hole sizes. The CT tractor design, development, testing and first deployment was conducted in 2021. The major advantages gained from increasing the reach can be summarized as follows:

The CT high expansion tractor enables successful reservoir surveillance and production monitoring, including improved reservoir understanding providing data to update and calibrate reservoir models. Acid stimulation in 8-1/2″ open hole wells on CT targeted fluid placement to improve well productivity to increase revenue per well. Detecting and then shutting off water inflow zones with CT techniques, avoiding the need for drilling a side track.

This new generation of slim tractors is the first in the industry to operate in wells with a diameter of 8-1/2″ and an operating range from 8″ to 10″. The key metric to successful acid stimulation or logging applications in ERWs is the ability to achieve maximum coverage of the openhole section. These engineered solutions demonstrate how creative innovations in technology design are improving accessibility in ERWs, resulting in superior reservoir management outcomes.