bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of bacterial pathogens from clinical samples using 16S rRNA sequencing
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Bach , Mai Thi Thao Nhi , Ung Thi Thuy , Nguyen Thi Khanh Linh
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Bacterial infections have a substantial impact on global health and can become serious if misdiagnosed with several diseases related to the central nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. The prognosis in patients with infectious disease strongly depends on early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy. We aimed to compare the accuracy of genus and species-level identification bacteria using biochemical testing and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Material and methods: 50 clinical samples were isolated and identified the pathogenic bacteria by routine laboratory methods. In parallel, DNA was extracted from isolate’s colonies and amplified the 16S rRNA gene by using specific primers. The PCR products were evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing by the Sanger method. The sequence data
were manipulated by Geneious Prime software. The sequence data matching the Prokaryotic 16S Ribosomal RNA database with a similarity score of ≥ 98% were selected. Results: Total of 50 clinical samples were isolated and identified the pathogenic bacteria with common biochemical test and API® Microbial Identification. The sequencing data showed that almost species identified by 16S rRNA sequencing matched the biochemical test method. There are 3 species (6%) were identified as different species with the routine methods. Conclusions: 16S rRNA gene sequencing is more sensitive, easier to manage, more accurate and especially for bacteria that are difficult to identify. 16S rRNA sequencing is considered an effective method to early identify pathogens in clinical samples, and this technique is increasingly being used in microbiology laboratories
Key words: 16S rRNA gene, Sanger sequencing, bacterial identification, misdiagnosed
Aneurisma de Aorta Abdominal - Aspectos epidemiológicos, fisiopatológicos e manejo terapêutico
Authors: Ramos Augusto César da Silva , Flores Pablo Vinicius , Cruz Artur Henrique Ribeiro , Solei Matteo Guimarães de Castro , Resende Maria Eduarda Evangelista , Araújo Julia Figueiredo , De Andrade Maria Júlia Vasconcelos Fernandes , Alvarenga Helen Laurrane Rinaldi de Freitas , Medeiros Filho Henrique Coelho , Noll Amanda Lethicia Lana
Published: April 2023

O aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA) é uma doença multifatorial, que ocorre quando há dilatação focal da aorta abdominal - mais de 50% do diâmetro normal - e é mais comum em homens acima de 65 anos de idade. Ademais, os principais fatores de risco associados são: idade avançada, sexo masculino, tabagismo, aterosclerose sistêmica, hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), histórico familiar e existência de outros aneurismas. O mecanismo de desenvolvimento da doença envolve uma inflamação mediada por macrofágos e linfócitos T, causando o remodelamento da túnica média e adventícia da aorta. Na maioria dos casos, os pacientes são assintomáticos e geralmente diagnosticados incidentalmente. O exame físico pode detectar o aneurisma quando é grande, mas a ultrassonografia (US) abdominal é o exame padrão ouro para rastreio da doença. Outrossim, o rompimento do AAA é a complicação mais frequente e temida, representando uma emergência cirúrgica. O tratamento conservador é recomendado para aneurismas assintomáticos de diâmetro < 5,5 cm; por outro lado, tratamento cirúrgico é indicado em aneurismas maiores e pode envolver duas modalidades: o reparo aberto ou endovascular, sendo a segunda com menor mortalidade perioperatória e menor morte relacionada ao aneurisma em seis meses. As complicações mais frequentes se relacionam à lesão do vaso ao realizar o acesso vascular, posicionamento inadequado da endoprótese, síndrome pós-implante, migração, vazamento interno, oclusão ou infecção da endoprótese. É necessário conhecimento das diversas possibilidades de endopróteses para o sucesso da técnica cirúrgica e o tratamento deve ser realizado precocemente para evitar complicações, como o rompimento do aneurisma.
Complicações decorrentes do uso abusivo de álcool - Revisão de literatura
Authors: Araujo João Vitor Gontijo , Sales Ana Clara Paulino , Quintão Ana Flávia Viana , Pereira Ana Luíza Oliveira , Costa Carla Gabriela , Reis Lucas Rodrigues , Mendonça Herbert Bruno Luppi , Alves Laura Thompson , Rossati Luaan Silva , Pereira Marina Lopes
Published: April 2023

O alcoolismo corresponde à dependência crônica ao uso de álcool e gera complicações sistêmicas aos portadores. O uso excessivo de álcool tem se tornado cada vez mais comum, principalmente durante a pandemia da COVID-19, e é uma substância psicoativa legalmente disponível. No entanto, o seu consumo é prejudicial para o indivíduo, a comunidade e o sistema de saúde, sendo um importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de diversas doenças e causa importante de mortalidade em todo o mundo. O uso excessivo de álcool pode levar a sérios problemas no sistema cardiovascular, incluindo hipertrofia cardíaca, dilatação, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, arritmias cardíacas e cardiomiopatia alcoólica. Ademais, o consumo inadequado dessa substância frequentemente leva à complicações gastrointestinais, sobretudo complicações hepáticas; nesse sentido, o álcool pode causar hepatite alcoólica (HA), esteatose hepática, evoluir para cirrose e se desdobrar em um hepatocarcinoma. Outrossim, estudos realizados através de ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) confirmaram que o abuso de álcool pode causar redução no volume cerebral; compreende-se que reduzir o consumo ou parar completamente podem reverter o processo. A neurotoxicidade também pode ser causada pela deficiência nutricional de tiamina e pela síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff, caracterizada por nistagmo, marcha atáxica, paralisia ocular e confusão mental. Por fim, diversas outras patologias estão associadas ao consumo excessivo de álcool, tais como os distúrbios de sono-vigília, distúrbios de humor e problemas relacionados à abstinência do uso da substância.
Asma Pediátrica: Aspectos etiopatogênicos, métodos diagnósticos e condutas terapêuticas
Authors: De Aquino Isadora Porto , Fernandes Warley Cleiton Rufino , Da Silva Caio Gilaberte Freitas , De Sá Ana Carolina Mendes , Valadares Gabrielle Martins Moreira , Miquilino Francielle Raiane Rocha , Rosa Déborah Lira dos Santos , De Oliveira Luiza Ramos Soares , Magalhães Matheus Veloso , Davi Maria Laura de Castro
Published: April 2023

A asma consiste em uma doença inflamatória crônica, caracterizada por hiperresponsividade das vias aéreas inferiores e limitação variável ao fluxo aéreo, reversível espontaneamente ou com tratamento, a qual se manifesta com episódios recorrentes de sibilância, dispneia, aperto no peito e tosse, particularmente à noite e pela manhã. A crise asmática é uma importante causa de procura por atendimento médico em serviços de emergência pediátrica, devendo ser, portanto, bem compreendida e manejada. Etiologicamente, sabe-se que a asma é multifatorial e está relacionada com fatores genéticos, imunológicos e ambientais, os quais predispõem à evolução da doença e em um indivíduo suscetível. A patogênese ainda carece de esclarecimentos, mas está relacionada a uma resposta imune exacerbada do organismo, resultando em uma broncoconstrição reversível das vias aéreas inferiores. Em virtude da sua variedade etiológica, a epidemiologia é variada e a incidência depende de diversos fatores. No que tange ao diagnóstico, este é, frequentemente, clínico, baseado na história clínica e pregressa do paciente. Vale ressaltar que os pacientes costumam manter-se assintomáticos e com exame físico normal quando fora da crise asmática, ressaltando a importância de uma boa anamnese. Além disso, alguns exames complementares são utilizados, como a espirometria com prova broncodilatadora, RX e/ou TC de tórax. Após o diagnóstico, é de extrema importância a classificação do quadro quanto à gravidade e quanto ao controle, o que irá guiar o manejo terapêutico. O tratamento adequado é imprescindível, a fim de evitar evolução do quadro e piora substancial na qualidade de vida. Inicialmente, vale ressaltar que o controle ambiental de gatilhos de exacerbações consiste em uma importante medida no controle da doença. Ademais, o tratamento farmacológico é necessário, sendo feito com o uso de beta 2 agonistas de curta ou longa duração, anticolinérgicos e corticosteróides, os quais são administrados em diferentes doses e combinações, a depender da classificação de cada quadro. Em casos graves, outras opções para tratamento são o sulfato de magnésio, epinefrina, imunomoduladores e leucotrienos.
Dimensionamento ótimo de concentradores solares parabólicos para produção de vapor e geração de potência
Authors: Vazzoler Alex
Published: April 2023

Utilidades quentes, tais como vapor de alta pressão, são amplamente empregadas em todo o setor industrial, e majoritariamente, são produzidas pela queima de combustíveis fósseis em caldeiras. Em função da crescente necessidade da utilização de fontes renováveis de energia, uma opção ao uso de caldeiras é a utilização de concentradores solares. Estes aparatos concentram a irradiação solar, por meio de espelhos corretamente posicionados, permitindo o seu uso para geração de calor. Neste trabalho, foi modelado um circuito com um concentrador parabólico composto (CPC) para geração de vapor superaquecido de alta pressão a 270 °C a partir da água de retorno do sistema de aquecimento a 90 °C. Foi calculado o diâmetro ótimo de cerca de 3” para uma produção de vapor de 7200 kW a partir de um modelo de otimização onde foram considerados os custos de bombeamento e área de tubulações, onde o tempo de retorno do investimento foi de 1,8 anos para geração de potência.
Design Strategies for Cellular Nanosponges as Medical Countermeasures
Authors: Wang Shuyan , Wang Dan , Kai Mingxuan , Shen Wei-Ting , Sun Lei , Gao Weiwei , Zhang Liangfang
Published: April 2023

The interest in using therapeutic nanoparticles to bind with harmful molecules or pathogens and subsequently neutralize their bioactivity has grown tremendously. Among various nanomedicine platforms, cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, namely, “cellular nanosponges,” stand out for their broad-spectrum neutralization capability challenging to achieve in traditional countermeasure technologies. Such ability is attributable to their cellular function-based rather than target structure-based working principle. Integrating cellular nanosponges with various synthetic substrates further makes their applications exceptionally versatile and adaptive. This review discusses the latest cellular nanosponge technology focusing on how the structure–function relationship in different designs has led to versatile and potent medical countermeasures. Four design strategies are discussed, including harnessing native cell membrane functions for biological neutralization, functionalizing cell membrane coatings to enhance neutralization capabilities, combining cell membranes and functional cores for multimodal neutralization, and integrating cellular nanosponges with hydrogels for localized applications. Examples in each design strategy are selected, and the discussion is to highlight their structure–function relationships in complex disease settings. The review may inspire additional design strategies for cellular nanosponges and fulfill even broader medical applications.
Stemming the Brain Drain of Medical Graduates From Developing Countries: Controversies and Solutions
Authors: Gowda Adithi , Alhazza Hamad N. , Cahill Eoin D. , Ong Jane B.S.Q. , Flaherty Gerard Thomas
Published: April 2023

Brain drain is a term used to describe the migration of highly skilled or educated people from their home country to other locations across the world. One of the existing strategies to combat the brain drain of medical students and graduates from poorer countries is the practice of conditional or bonded scholarships. Conditional scholarships have been relatively successful in stemming brain drain and have been implemented all over the world, even in developed nations such as the USA, Kuwait, and Australia, although this perspective focuses on Nepal and Malaysia as developing countries. While bonding has proven to be effective in reducing the emigration of medical graduates from poorer to wealthier countries, it is not a perfect solution. In this policy review we argue on ethical grounds that it may not be truly justifiable to limit the freedom of movement of medical graduates. Another problem associated with bonding schemes is that they further widen the gap between rich and poor in developing nations. Most countries that implement this compulsory service following graduation allow a means to escape the bond through monetary payments, which may be equivalent to the cost of their undergraduate medical education. The problem arises when wealthier graduates can pay this cost and emigrate to countries with better resources, salaries, and opportunities, while poorer students remain in their home countries. An analysis of the factors that push medical graduates away from their home countries and pull them to countries abroad is provided.
Investigation of Polymorphisms of ACEII Gene in People With Coronavirus With Severe and Mild Symptoms or Asymptomatic
Authors: Arab Fatemeh , Jafari Rad Mozhdeh , Esmaeili Seyed-Alireza , Mirhosseini Ali , Moharreri Mehran , Saburi Ehsan
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the central receptor of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in host cells. Genetic polymorphisms in the ACE2 gene may promote cardiovascular disease and systemic inflammatory injury in a patient affected by COVID-19. Thus, the genetic background may account for the substantial inter-individual diversity in illness susceptibility or severity. Our study was conducted to find a significant relationship between ACE2 rs4646142 and rs2285666 polymorphisms and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods: In this study, we randomly selected 230 samples, including 76 patients with severe clinical symptoms and 154 patients with mild clinical symptoms (the positive case of COVID-19 was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] assay). Then, we performed DNA extraction and investigated the polymorphisms of rs2285666 and rs4646142 by RFLP-PCR method with TaqI and Alu1 restriction enzymes. Results: The study population included 107 men and 123 women, and the mean (±SD) age of the participants was 42.66±10.2. First, the levels of IgM and IgG were examined, and a significant association was observed in the level of IgM between the two groups of COVID-19 patients with mild and severe symptoms, as opposed to IgG. Meanwhile, no significant difference was observed between ACE2 rs4646142 and rs2285666 polymorphisms and the severity of COVID-19. Conclusion: To better understand the genetic variations in people’s susceptibility to COVID-19, this study was designed to evaluate the association between various ACE2 polymorphisms and the infection risk of SARS-CoV-2. However, no statistical difference was discovered.
Pulmonary Blastomycosis Masquerading as Malignancy in India; Case From a Tertiary Hospital in South India
Authors: Joshi Divya Rakesh , Nambi Senthur , Santosham Rajan , Santosham Rajiv
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Blastomycosis is an endemic granulomatous fungal infection involving multiple organ systems predominantly the lungs. The diverse clinical spectra of the pulmonary disease encompass a subclinical infection, an acute infection mimicking a bacterial pneumonia and a chronic variant masquerading as tuberculosis or malignancy. Case Presentation: Here we report a case of a middle-aged gentleman who was evaluated for a malignant pulmonary mass which was later identified as pulmonary blastomycosis. The diagnosis of blastomycosis was made through histopathology and was retrospectively corelated with a travel history to an endemic region. Conclusion: The endemicity of this infection contributes to the diagnostic dilemma in the non-endemic setup. This warrants a high clinical suspicion in patients with a chronic pulmonary syndrome with a travel history to an endemic area.
O ENSINO DA GRAMÁTICA COMO PROCESSO EDUCATIVO E AS NOVAS TENDÊNCIAS EDUCACINAIS E TECNOLÓGICAS NESTE CONTEXTO
Authors: LUIZ ALVARENGA DE SOUZA ANDRÉ
Published: April 2023

The study deals with the influence of writing and language used on the internet and its influences on formal writing, at school and on common everyday use, especially by young people in high school under the understanding that they are still acquiring knowledge of words and their Meanings. Through a literary researchunder a qualitative method, this research sought to understand language in the cultural construction of societyand in the educational environment. Human beings are talking beings, this implies that language is a socio- cultural institution, therefore, a human creation. It is through language that beings interact with each other, express thoughts and emotions and can build culture, since they go through acquired experiences and learningto new generations. Because we understand the breadth of language, its strength and its presence at all times in our lives, we need to rethink our role as scholars and educators, so that we can act in a more effective, conscious, supportive, playful and reflective way, without excluding the new educational grammatical trends such as the use of virtual media in the daily lives of young people, as it is a reality that is directly reflected in culture and specifically in grammar.
Hall, Michael and Seyfi, Siamak (2021) Cultural and heritage tourism in the Middle East and North Africa... New York: Routledge
Authors: Pistoni Jeremías
Published: April 2023

Reseña de Hall, Michael and Seyfi, Siamak (2021) Cultural and heritage tourism in the Middle East and North Africa: complexities, management and practices. New York: Routledge.
El conflicto inter-estatal y cultural en la antigua Galilea durante la rebelión judía contra Roma:
Authors: Toro Icaza Benjamín
Published: April 2023

La región y la sociedad judía de Galilea descrita en la obra menos difundida de Flavio Josefo –su autobiografía o Vita– nos revela que, previo al estallido de la rebelión contra el Imperio romano, la región de Galilea era un verdadero “Estado dentro de otro Estado”. En otras palabras, compartía un trasfondo étnico y religioso con el resto de la antigua Judea, pero difería en su desarrollo económico, urbanístico y cultural con el resto de las zonas del país. Ello fue debido, principalmente, por la relación histórica y particular que la región tuvo previamente durante el proceso de helenización y romanización de Galilea y con su respectivo desarrollo urbano. Todo lo anterior forjó un ámbito de contradicciones que desestabilizó la participación de Galilea en la rebelión contra el Imperio romano en el año 66 d. C.
Palestinas en resistencia. La cuestión del honor en la (des)colonización del cuerpo-territorio
Authors: Lucio Mayra
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo busca problematizar la cuestión del honor para las mujeres palestinas desde una perspectiva feminista descolonial en vinculación con el significado político para la causa nacional de la tierra ocupada por parte del Estado de Israel. Su propósito es poner en tensión los sentidos del honor en torno a la noción ‘cuerpo-territorio’, de manera de abordar la relación cuerpo femenino - territorio palestino como continuo simbólico. Se contempla el período de historia que comienza con la guerra del año 1948 que antecedió a la creación del Estado de Israel en territorio palestino. En la medida en que la historia palestina ha sido sistemáticamente invisibilizada por registros oficiales, resulta importante la dimensión de la memoria colectiva, como la recuperada de los testimonios de las mujeres sobrevivientes. De esta manera, se relevan las distintas violencias históricas y cotidianas que atraviesan a las palestinas, donde el honor aparece como un asunto permanentemente vinculado, en los últimos años atendido por el movimiento feminista de la región. Hacia el final se ofrece una reflexión en torno a diálogos posibles entre feministas palestinas y latinoamericanas, teniendo en cuenta los desafíos que se presentan ante los distintos procesos de descolonización de los cuerpos-territorios.
Subjetividades migrantes:
Authors: Blanco Pablo
Published: April 2023

Como resultado de mi trabajo de campo en la Ruta del Mediterráneo Central, se abordarán discusiones en torno a las subjetividades migrantes que emprenden los desplazamientos por la mencionada ruta, haciendo hincapié en las políticas migratorias europeas (en alianza con los estados de la región, específicamente en Malí y Níger y en cómo se desarrollan diversas formas de lucha migrante para hacer frente a la permanente militarización de los países del norte de África, que acrecienta la criminalización de las movilidades
Introducción. Colonialismo, género y nacionalismo: movimientos poblacionales y resistencias
Authors: López Tessore Verónica
Published: April 2023

En este dossier se presentan reflexiones vinculadas a los territorios de Asia y África y sus particularidades, en tanto atravesados por procesos coloniales, de construcción de fronteras, muros, los movimientos poblacionales producto de las diásporas por guerras, hambrunas o traslados propios de las trayectorias vitales de quienes habitan en estos territorios, así como las incidencias de los mismos en la configuración de las identidades colectivas y subjetividades.
El rol de las mujeres en los procesos de resistencia de los pueblos kurdos y saharauis
Authors: López Tessore Verónica , Maiolino Eliana
Published: April 2023

En este artículo nos acercamos a los procesos de desplazamiento y resistencia de los pueblos saharauis y kurdos tomando como eje principal el rol de las mujeres.

Abordaremos estos casos desde la perspectiva de los estudios de género y la antropología feminista en articulación con teorías críticas del colonialismo. Si bien éstas han realizado reformulaciones de las historias nacionales, como bien planteó Spivak (1985), persiste la invisibilización de las voces de las mujeres en las mismas. El concepto de interseccionalidad (Crenshaw 2012) enriquece el análisis e incrementa el valor de las experiencias propuestas para analizar, las mujeres kurdas y saharauis. ¿Cómo las identidades de género y étnico-nacionales se articulan en estos contextos de resistencia a los diversos poderes coloniales?

Para reflexionar en torno a esta pregunta, organizaremos el texto en tres momentos. Primero, sistematizaremos la perspectiva teórico-metodológica de la antropología feminista, luego presentaremos los entrecruzamientos de la misma en torno a las teorías críticas del colonialismo, para finalmente, adentrarnos en la problematización de los casos seleccionados.
A digitális óvodapedagógus és digitális eszközhasználat az óvodai csoportszobákban
Authors: Beták Norbert , Szabó-Váradi Éva
Published: April 2023

A hatékony digitális eszközhasználat alapvető követelményként jelenik meg minden- napjaink számos területén. A digitális technológiák, valamint a stabil és gyors internetes kapcsolat szinte már nélkülözhetetlen kellékké vált a XXI. századi ember életében. Annak következtében, hogy ez a markáns mértékű digitalizáció megtörtént és folyamatos fejlődés jellemzi, számos kérdést és megoldandó problémát is okoz – érintve többek közt a pedagógia területét és a hatékony digitális eszközhasználat kérdéskörét. Értelemszerűen az oktatásmódszertani kutatások középpontjában gyakran megjelenik a digitális eszközhasználat, hiszen nem kizárólag népszerű, de több szempontból is hatékonynak bizonyuló eszközökről van szó. Jelen tanulmányunk is illeszkedik ezen témák tág csoportjához, viszont az óvodapedagógia szemszögéből vizsgálja az összefüggéseket. S bár – Magyarországon – jelenleg az óvodai digitális eszközhasználat még nem az általános és mindennapos módszertani gyakorlat része, jövőbeni terjedése és egyáltalán illeszkedése az óvodai nevelés közegébe szinte nyilvánvaló. Főleg a 2020 elején berobbant Covid-19 világjárvány következtében vette kezdetét a digitális eszközök oktatási-fejlesztési célú széleskörű felfedezése és rohamos alkalmazása. Ettől független viszont elmondható, hogy az olyan eszközök, mint például a különböző oktatási robotok, a digitális táblagépek vagy akár interaktív táblák használata az óvodai gyakorlatban már régebbtől jelen van. Felmérésünkben a digitális eszközhasználatot vizsgáltuk meg különböző szemszögből Pest megyei óvodákban. Kérdőívek segítségével az óvodapedagógusok digitális eszközhasználattal kapcsolatos szokásait és véleményét kutattunk, valamint hasonló céllal készítettünk szülői kérdőíveket is és mértük fel a szülők véleményét is. A kérdőívek kiértékelését követően összehasonlítottuk a kapott eredményeket, majd azokat szemléltetve rávilágítottunk néhány érdekes összefüggésre, meglátásra. Többek közt nagyon hasonló eredményeket kaptunk például a digitális eszközök óvodai felhasználását illetően, ugyanis úgy az óvodapedagógusok, mint a szülők véleménye alapján az ének és zenés játékok során mutatkozott javaslati szándék a felhasználást illetően. Viszonylag nagy eltérést mutatkozik azonban az idegen nyelvi fejlesztések terén – míg az óvodapedagógusok nagyobb százaléka nem ezen a területen alkalmazná az eszközöket, addig a szülők nagy része pont itt vetné be a mindennapi gyakorlatba.
Pós-extrativismo e decrescimento: formas de pensar a superação do capitalismo
Authors: Cocato Guilherme Pereira
Published: April 2023

Este texto busca apresentar as questões mais relevantes tratadas no livro “Pós-extrativismo e decrescimento: saídas do labirinto capitalista”, de Alberto Acosta e Ulrich Brand (2018). Por abordarem a crise socioambiental e civilizatória promovida pelo modo de produção capitalista, esses autores apresentam noções e conceitos, formulados no Norte e Sul globais, que podem auxiliar na busca por alternativas de melhores condições de vida a todos os seres, pautadas pela plena emancipação e dignidade da vida. Complementarmente, busca-se dialogar as teses apresentadas por Acosta e Brand com outros pensadores que se preocupam com a temática ambiental e identificam no capitalismo um paradigma a ser superado.
Controle da megapolítica pelo judiciário nos debates da constituinte/88
Authors: Campelo Clidenor Marcos Vaz
Published: April 2023

O artigo pousa em um dos temas mais cogentes nas democracias pós-modernas: a tensão entre os princípios democráticos e a judicialização da megapolítica, com enfoque no caso brasileiro, como tal conflito se molda no Brasil. Será abordada a chegada de questões de política pura ao STF, com o questionamento da credencial democrática de juízes não eleitos e irresponsáveis perante a população decidindo até no motivo de existir da sociedade, com o objetivo principal de analisar se os efeitos da judicialização da megapolítica debilitam as instituições democráticas, focando no STF. É uma pesquisa documental com análise das atas das sessões da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC) e de literatura na busca da anatomia da Corte pensada pelos constituintes e os princípios que norteiam a instituição. Ao longo do artigo é apresentado referencial teórico acerca de Estado, da separação dos poderes, da democracia e cotejado com a prática do controle judicial da política pura pelo STF. Por fim, traz os debates da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte com o fito de encontrar os encaixes que os constituintes engrenaram o STF com as demais instituições da democracia brasileira, e verificar a compatibilização democrática do controle judicial da política pura.
DEVELOPMENT OF MUCOADHESIVE CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES BASED FILMS FOR THE TREATMENT OF VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS
Authors:   ", TARAWNEH OLA ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan", HAMMAD ALAA ,   "Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan", MAHFOUZ HADEEL ABU ,   "Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan", HAMADNEH LAMA ,   "Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan", HAMED RANIA ,   "Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan", HAMADNEH IMAD ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jordan, 11942 Amman, Jordan, AL-ASSI AMEEN RASHEED ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan"
Published: April 2023

"The development of easily administered targeted delivery for vaginal candidiasis is an area of active research. Challenges emerge from the specific conditions that may not permit enough time for the dosage form to reside on the infected area. Herein, we propose to develop films based on cellulose derivatives for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Gels of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) (F1), equal combination of Na-CMC and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) (F2) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) (F3) were prepared and loaded with nystatin (NYS). The resultant gels were dried using solvent casting and characterized to detect glass transition temperature (Tg), mechanical properties, mucoadhesion, inhibition of candida growth toxicity on human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK) cells and drug release. Tg was affected by the polymer type and was found to be highest in F2, where equal ratios of HEC and Na-CMC were used. Mucoadhesion was highest in F1 (Na-CMC) films. The films showed moderate toxicity. The zone of inhibition was observed for the three formulations. Drug release was affected by the polymer type and was complete after 8 h in F2. The findings allowed concluding that the cellulose derivative based films were successfully prepared and were efficient in allowing the drug to elute and minimizing the growth of candida."
HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITES OF METHYLCELLULOSE: PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES
Authors:   Namangan State University, 316, Uychi Str., Namangan 160136, Uzbekistan, KODIRKHONOV MURODKHON RASHIDKHONOVICH , VOKHIDOVA NOIRA RAKHIMOVNA ,   "Institute of Chemistry and Physics of Polymers of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 7b, A. Kadiry Str., Tashkent 100128, Uzbekistan", RASHIDOVA SAYYORA SHARAFOVNA ,   "Institute of Chemistry and Physics of Polymers of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 7b, A. Kadiry Str., Tashkent 100128, Uzbekistan", NIE XUAN ,   "Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China", KADIRKHANOV JAMSHIDKHON ,   "Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China"
Published: April 2023

"Stabilized silver nanoparticles were obtained in the presence of a reducing agent – NaBH4 and a stabilizer – methylcellulose, at 40 °C and pH = 5.35-11. The stabilizing role of the polymer is shown, as it prevents the oxidation and agglomeration of nanoparticles. It was found that the synthesis pH is an important factor in the formation of stable nanoparticles, which contributes to the regulation of their hydrodynamic radius. The results of UV spectroscopy established that the synthesized samples of silver nanoparticles achieve aggregative stability within 96 hours. Solutions and films of hybrid nanocomposites were comprehensively investigated by spectral, XRD and thermal studies. The diffractogram of silver NPs, corresponding to JCPDS No. 04-0783, was confirmed by the XRD method. In the studied pH range, the hydrodynamic radius and distribution of Ag NPs in methylcellulose solutions had a polymodal character, and an increase in pH to 9–11 led to an increase in particle aggregation. It was found that stabilized silver nanoparticles showed antimicrobial activity against microorganisms – Streptococcus salivarius, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus mitis and Proteus vulgaris, with the formation of an inhibitory zone in the range of 15.0±0.2÷20.0±0.4 mm. The synthesized samples are of applied interest in the development of antibacterial drug systems."
Ex vivo evaluation of the sensitivity of modified average speed of sound estimation method
Authors: Nitta Naotaka , Washio Toshikatsu
Published: April 2023

The speed of sound (SoS), which is the propagation speed of longitudinal waves, is expected to be effective for the early detection and monitoring of diseases. Several methods that use handheld probes have been proposed to estimate the SoS. In this study, a modified average SoS estimation method, referred to as the improved focusing method, is proposed to increase the accuracy of average SoS estimation. In the proposed method, a plane wave was transmitted, and the center-element position-dependent variations in the SoS estimation were reduced. Ex vivo experiments were conducted using chicken liver to evaluate the applicability and sensitivity of the proposed method to actual tissues. The livers were subjected to continuous temperature changes to induce changes in the SoS. The results suggest that the improved focusing method measures the average SoS accurately as well as small SoS changes of approximately 1.5 m·s−1·°C−1.
COVID-19 PANDEMIJOS ĮTAKA LIETUVOS DARBINGO AMŽIAUS GYVENTOJŲ FIZINIO AKTYVUMO POKYČIAMS
Authors: Arlauskas Rokas , Austys Donatas , Stukas Rimantas
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 pandemija turėjo įtakos gyvensenai, įskai­tant ir fizinį aktyvumą. Iki šiol COVID-19 pandemijos laikotarpiu Lietuvos darbingo amžiaus gyventojus re­prezentuojančio fizinio aktyvumo tyrimų nebuvo atlikta. Šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti Lietuvos darbingo amžiaus gyventojų fizinio aktyvumo pokyčius COVID-19 pan­demijos metu.

Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Tyrimo duomenys rinkti 2021 m. spalio – lapkričio mėnesiais. Tyrimas atliktas anoniminės anketinės apklausos būdu. Apklausta 1600 abiejų lyčių 16–64 m. Lietuvos gyventojų. Respondentų pasiskirstymo vertinimui pagal kategorinius kintamuo­sius naudotas chi kvadrato testas.

Rezultatai. COVID-19 pandemijos metu fiziškai aktyvūs laisvalaikiu buvo 50 proc. respondentų. Pusė (52 proc.) respondentų nurodė, kad pandemija neturėjo poveikio jų fiziniam aktyvumui, tačiau 33 proc. gyventojų atsakė, kad jų fizinis aktyvumas sumažėjo. Labiausiai sumažėjo jau­nimo fizinis aktyvumas. Stebėta tendencija – kuo vyresni gyventojai, tuo jų fizinis aktyvumas pandemijos metu re­čiau sumažėjo (p < 0,001). Labiausiai fizinis aktyvumas pandemijos metu sumažėjo tarp Vilniaus ir Klaipėdos miestų gyventojų. Mažiausias fizinio aktyvumo suma­žėjimo paplitimas stebėtas tarp kaimo gyventojų (p = 0,001). Fizinis aktyvumas dažniau sumažėjo tų gyven­tojų, kurie sirgo koronaviruso sukelta liga, kurių šeimoje buvo susirgęs žmogus, arba vienišų tyrimo dalyvių (p < 0,001). Lytis, šeimos narių skaičius, darbo turėjimas, vaikų turėjimas, vidutiniškai per mėnesį vienam šeimos nariui tenkančios pajamos nebuvo susijusios su fizinio aktyvumo pokyčiais per COVID-19 pandemiją (p>0,05).

Išvados. Nors fiziškai aktyvūs buvo pusė Lietuvos dar­bingo amžiaus gyventojų, tačiau trečdalio gyventojų fi­zinis aktyvumas per pandemiją sumažėjo. Fizinis akty­vumas dažniau sumažėjo tarp jaunesnio amžiaus, mieste gyvenančių, vienišų bei sirgusių COVID-19 liga ar turė­jusių šia liga persirgusių artimųjų.
KINEZITERAPIJA PO GIMDYMO − EFEKTYVUS TIESIŲJŲ PILVO RAUMENŲ IŠSISKYRIMO GYDYMO BŪDAS
Authors: Šocik Patricija , Jamontaitė Ieva Eglė
Published: April 2023

Tiesiųjų pilvo raumenų išsiskyrimas – tai būklė, kai abiejų pusių tiesieji pilvo raumenys išilgai savo ilgio nutolsta vienas nuo kito, ištempdami baltąją pilvo liniją ir susi­daro per didelis tarpas tarp abiejų pusių tiesiųjų raumenų. Raumenų išsiskyrimas paveikia gyvenimo kokybę, dažnai stebimas kosmetinis defektas, nugaros ir pilvo skausmas bei liemens raumenų silpnumas. Tiesieji pilvo raumenys dažniausiai išsiskiria nėštumo metu ir turi tendenciją po gimdymo sugrįžti į normalią padėtį, tačiau 33 proc. mo­terų pogimdyviniu laikotarpiu tiesieji pilvo raumenys yra išsiskyrę. Tiesusis pilvo raumuo yra svarbus taisyklingos laikysenos, liemens ir dubens stabilumo, kvėpavimo bei vidaus organų palaikymo elementas. Išanalizavus moks­linius straipsnius pastebėta, kad kineziterapijos taikymas po gimdymo yra efektyvus, siekiant sumažinti tiesiųjų pilvo raumenų išsiskyrimo atstumą. Pagrindinis siste­minėje literatūros apžvalgoje vertinamas rodiklis buvo pilvo raumenų išsiskyrimo atstumas, tačiau pastebėta, kad kineziterapijos taikymas teigiamai paveikia pagim­džiusiųjų moterų su sveikata susijusią gyvenimo kokybę ir apatinės dalies nugaros skausmo intensyvumą.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT BODY COMPOSITION TYPES AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Sadauskaitė-Pėlikienė Eglė , Orentaitė Dorė , Kilaitė Justina , Mastavičiūtė Asta
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To examine the association between diffe­rent body composition types and depressive symptoms in the elderly.

Patients and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed in outpatient clinic based in Vil­nius and included community dwelling men and women aged ≥65 years. The exclusion criteria were: moderate and severe cognitive impairment, acute illness, and dis­eases with advanced organ failure. Criteria for diagnosis of sarcopenia, proposed in 2018 by the European Wor­king Group on Sarcopenia in Older People were used in this study. Muscle strength was assessed by handgrip strength. Muscle mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (iDXA, GE Lunar, USA). Phy­sical performance was evaluated by short physical per­formance battery. Obesity was defined if the percentage of body fat measured by DXA. Sarcopenic obesity was determined if both sarcopenia and obesity were present. Depressive symptoms were examined using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).

Results: We analyzed data of 246 study participants: 87 men (35.4%) and 159 women (64.6 %) aged 65 years or older. According to body composition, participants were categorized in to four groups: obesity (46.7 %), normal (37 %), sarcopenia (8.9 %), sarcopenic obesity (7.3 %). Out of all participants 91 (37 %) scored <5 on the GDS, 106 participants (43.1 %) scored between 5 and 10 points and 49 participants (19.9 %) scored >10 on the GDS. Regression analysis showed when body composition changes from normal (no sarcopenia and no obesity) to sarcopenia then GDS score increases by 5.5 points. When body composition changes from normal to sarcopenic obesity then GDS score increases by 4.4 points. No as­sociation was found between body composition change (normal to obese) and GDS score.

Conclusion: Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity were re­lated to increased risk of depressive symptoms.
INOVATYVIŲ TECHNOLOGIJŲ PRITAIKYMAS SERGANT CUKRINIU DIABETU IR VEIKSNIAI, DARANTYS ĮTAKĄ JŲ NAUDOJIMUI LIGOS KONTROLEI
Authors: Senkevičiūtė Orinta , Šuminienė Jurga , Istomina Natalja
Published: April 2023

Per pastaruosius du dešimtmečius padaryta didžiulė ino­vatyvių technologijų taikymo cukrinio diabeto kontrolės gerinimui pažanga. Daug skirtingų tyrimų ir plėtros sri­čių buvo analizuojama kasmet didėjant šių technologijų rinkai. Dėmesys cukrinio diabeto technologijoms davė daug klinikinės naudos diabetu sergantiems pacientams. Tai paprastesnė ligos seka pacientui, pagalba medicinos specialistams, gydantiems sunkiai kontroliuojamas ligos formas, mažesnės sveikatos išlaidos valstybei. Remian­tis užsienio mokslininkų atliktais tyrimais, straipsnyje analizuojamos inovatyvios cukrinio diabeto kontrolės technologijos ir jų pritaikymui įtakos turintys veiksniai.

Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti inovatyvių technologijų taikymą cukrinio diabeto ligos kontrolei.

Metodai. Mokslinės literatūros paieška atlikta PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO duomenų bazėse. Pagal atran­kos kriterijus buvo atrinktos viso teksto publikacijos, atitinkančios tyrimo temą. Atlikta tiriamoji mokslinės literatūros apžvalga ir analizė.

Rezultatai. Sergantieji cukriniu diabetu gali lengviau kontroliuoti savo ligą, taikant inovatyvias technologi­jas, tokias kaip nuolatinė gliukozės stebėjimo sistema, insulino pompa, hibridinė sistema ar telemedicina, tačiau jų pritaikomumas labai priklauso nuo psichoemocinių, fizinių, socialinių ir ekonominių veiksnių.
PRIEŽASTYS, GALINČIOS TRUKDYTI PRANEŠTI IR REGISTRUOTI NEPAGEIDAUJAMUS ĮVYKIUS BEI NEATITIKTIS
Authors: Martinkutė Austėja , Gedrimė Lina , Istomina Natalja
Published: April 2023

Nepageidaujamų įvykių ir neatitikčių pranešimas ir re­gistravimas yra sveikatos priežiūros saugos kultūros ir kokybės pagrindas.

Tyrimo tikslas – remiantis naujausiomis mokslinėmis publikacijomis, apžvelgti priežastis, galinčias trukdyti pranešti ir registruoti nepageidaujamus įvykius ir neati­tiktis sveikatos priežiūroje.

Tyrimo metodas. Tyrimui atlikti buvo taikyta sisteminė mokslinės literatūros apžvalga, remiantis PRISMA me­todu. Mokslinės literatūros paieška buvo vykdoma nau­dojant PubMed, Google Scholar duomenų bazes. Pagal pasirinktus įtraukimo kriterijus ir paieškos žodžius iša­nalizuotos 5 mokslinės publikacijos.

Rezultatai. Išanalizuotoje literatūroje pateikiamos gali­mos kliūtys: emocinės ir psichologinės priežastys; žinių trūkumas, techninės kliūtys.

Išvados. 1. Atlikus naujausių mokslinių publikacijų ana­lizę, išsiaiškinta, kad sveikatos priežiūros specialistai, susidūrę su nepageidaujamais įvykiais ir neatitiktimis, gali delsti apie juos pranešti ar registruoti. Pagrindinės priežastys: emocinės, psichologinės kliūtys, kai pati­riamos neigiamos emocijos, baiminamasi drausminių priemonių, žinių trūkumas, techninės kliūtys, kai trūksta informacijos apie nepageidaujamų įvykių ir neatitikčių registravimą. 2. Norint sumažinti psichologinę ir emocinę baimę pranešti ir registruoti nepageidaujamus įvykius ir neatitiktis, svarbu užtikrinti registruojančių asmenų anonimiškumą, suteikti pakankamai informacijos apie registraciją, užtikrinti atgalinį ryšį ir tinkamai apibrėžti su pacientų sauga susijusias sąvokas: nepageidaujamas įvykis, neatitiktis, žala, medicininė klaida.
DERMOSCOPIC DIFFERENTIATION OF TWO CLOSE MIMICS- PALMOPLANTAR PSORIASIS AND PALMOPLANTAR ECZEMA: A COMPARATIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.
Authors: Soni Daksha , Laul Rachana , Asia Anand , Badwal Dashrath
Published: April 2023

Psoriasis is a chronic papulosquamous disorder presenting with erythematous, pruritic plaques, silvery-white scales and ssures. Eczema is
characterized by hyperkeratotic plaques associated with scaling, occasional oozing and pruritus. Palmoplantar psoriasis and palmoplantar eczema
have close resemblance in their clinical presentation and hence, pose a difculty in diagnosis. Dermoscopy of palmoplantar psoriasis
predominantly shows light pink-red background, diffuse white scales, regularly distributed dotted vessels while eczema predominantly
shows yellow scales, linear and dotted vessels on a dull red background along with brown dots and globules. In this study, we found that
both palmoplantar psoriasis and palmoplantar eczema have distinct dermoscopic ndings and thus, dermoscopy is an effective and noninvasive way to differentiate the two conditions
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF OVARIAN TUMOURS AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Rao P.V Raghava , V Geetamohini , Parveen Shaheda
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Ovarian tumours are a group of neoplasms affecting the ovary and have diverse spectrum of features according to particular tumour
entity. Cystic lesions of ovary may be non-neoplastic (physiological) or neoplastic (pathological). Pelvic Ultrasonography is commonly used to
detect and distinguish between benign and malignant masses and combined clinical and ultrasonography has increased sensitivity and specicity
for diagnosis of tumours. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for distinguishing between benign and malignant tumours. RMI helps
in preliminary evaluation of all ovarian masses and assist in reducing mortality and morbidity of patients with ovarian carcinoma. Objective: To
evaluate the ovarian masses according to frequency, age wise distribution and correlate clinical and radiological ndings with histopathological
diagnosis and to correlate RMI score with histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods:It is a retrospective study conducted at Dr. PSIMS
& RF from December 2021 to December 2022 and includes 50 cases of ovarian lesions who underwent surgery. Clinical, radiological ndings were
collected and RMI score was calculated and correlated with Histopathological analysis. Results : Out of 50 cases, 27 cases were Non- neoplastic
lesions and 23 cases were neoplastic. Among 23 Neoplastic lesions, 21 were benign tumours, 2 were Malignant tumours. Maximum number of
ovarian masses were reported at 41-50 years (11 non- neoplastic lesions and 8 benign ovarian tumours) followed by 31-40 years of age. The most
common non- neoplastic lesion was corpus luteal cyst (32%) and Serous cystadenoma was the commonest benign lesion (30%). The most common
presenting complaint was abdominal pain (54%) followed by menstrual disturbances (20%). Combined use of clinical and USG has similar
sensitivity as RMI score in differentiating benign and malignant lesions. Conclusion: Histopathological diagnosis plays a major role in diagnosis
and sub categorization of ovarian lesions, thereby aiding better clinical outcome. Calculation of RMI is the best method and the most reliable tool
for dening subsequent diagnostic, management and therapeutic strategies for benign and malignant ovarian masses.
INTRAVENTRICULAR HAEMMORHAGE IN A CHRONIC CANNABIS USER- A CASE REPORT.
Authors: Venugopal Rao G. , Rajaram P. , Mathew Shiny
Published: April 2023

Cannabis is one of the commonly abused psychoactive recreational drugs, the popularity of which has exponentially increased in the recent times
due to the notion that it has minimal side effects [1-3]. But of late, many studies have showed that chronic use of cannabis has cerebrovascular as
well as cardio vascular complications [4,5]. As per the report of National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC) of the All India Institute of
Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 2.83% of Indians aged 10–75 years (or 31 million people) were current users of cannabis products [6]. A
22-year-old, apparently healthy male student, staying alone in a rented apartment with history of chronic cannabis use was found in an unconscious
state with multiple packets of cannabis (Ganja/ Marijuana). During the PME, about 250-300 grams of intraventricular hematoma was present in the
lateral ventricles of the brain. Diffuse haemorrhage was present over bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. No antemortem injuries were present on the
body
MANAGEMENT OF UNCOMMON INJURY OF 2ND METACARPOPHALANGEAL JOINT (KAPLAN'S DISLOCATION) BY OPEN DORSAL APPROACH: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Gupta Ayush , Sufyan Nabeil , Kapoor Srijan
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The rst Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint is among the most commonly injured joints in the hand, it is because of the signicant
contribution of the thumb to overall hand function and its amenability to injury in work and sporting activities. In contrast to MCP dislocation of
the thumb, dislocation of the other MCP joint is an uncommon. Kaplan dislocations following trauma are of rare occurrence. An uncomplicated
MCP joint dislocation can be managed by closed reduction but complicated dislocation always needs open reduction for better outcome. Case
Report: Here, we present a case of 26 year old male with 3 months old fracture dislocation of 2nd MCP joint Right hand, which was managed by
open dorsal approach with proper reduction, k wire xation and good functional outcome. We expe Conclusion: rienced when dislocation is
complete, with the head of the metacarpal displaced towards the volar side and the base of the phalanx towards the dorsal side, the dorsal approach
of is found to be safe and simple with good visualization, negligible injury to Neurovascular structure and better xation