bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Corporate Governance in Bank Risk-Taking
Authors: Mehmood Rashid , Ahmad Ilyas , Rahman Shujah Ur , Sattar Saba
Published: October 2024

Bank credit risk is the significant factor that needs to be managed effectively. For better management of credit risk in banks, an effective corporate governance is an important factor. We examine the effect of corporate governance on bank risk taking. We use the data of 85 banks of South Asian countries while taking data from time period of 2010-2023. We apply the generalized method of moments (GMM) to analyze the results. We find that the corporate governance such as gender diversity, CEO duality and board meetings have significant negative effect on bank credit risk.
Female Governance in COVID-19
Authors: Kanwal Asma , Mehmood Tahir
Published: October 2024

This chapter shines a light on the critical role of women's governance during COVID-19, the Complex nexus of psychology, society, and Governance. The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically transformed the educational landscape worldwide, Presenting unprecedented challenges and pressure. This pandemic is, no doubt, a threat to humanity (Poon & Peiris, 2020). Female leaders in education sectors across various countries have been instrumental in shaping responses to the pandemic, often demonstrating a unique blend of empathy, resilience, and strategic foresight. This chapter delves into the complex nexus of psychology society and governance, exploring how women's governance has influenced the educational sectors during COVID-19, the societal perceptions and pressures faced by these leaders, and the psychological ramifications of their roles. The COVID-19 pandemic also brought unprecedented challenges to educational systems worldwide, exposing and exacerbating existing inequalities.
Exploring AI Computing
Authors: Patil Aniket Gangadharrao , Senthilkumaran B. , Vidhya Muthulakshmi R. , Sathya V. , Balapriya S. , Anish T. P. , Siva Subramanian R.
Published: October 2024

This study explores AI systems' use, difficulties, and future in network optimisation, e-commerce, healthcare, and regulatory frameworks. Starting with AI's contribution to personalised marketing and large-scale simulations. The study discusses AI approaches for network routing and optimisation, quantum computing (QC), and big data and machine learning. Machine learning, deep learning, and reinforcement learning are discussed for network analysis, recommendation systems, marketing content personalisation, and adaptive learning. It shows how predictive analysis has affected e-commerce and how AI might improve patient care and precision medicine. Artificial intelligence-driven compliance, privacy, and data security in regulatory frameworks are also examined. AI case studies show real-world applications. The essay finishes with future AI problems and prospects, emphasising trustworthy, impartial, and scalable AI models.
Optimizing Workplace Happiness
Authors: Pooja Lohia , Sareen Puja J.
Published: October 2024

The chapter examines the connections between a happy workplace and the thoughtful application of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve worker well-being. For companies looking to maximize employee engagement and satisfaction, this study offers a thorough framework that is based on organizational psychology and makes use of the most recent developments in artificial intelligence. The investigation includes work-life balance initiatives powered by AI, augmentation of emotional intelligence, AI-driven employee engagement programs, and AI's role in promoting diversity and inclusion. Through the strategic application of artificial intelligence, this chapter provides organizations with invaluable guidance as they navigate the ever-changing landscape of employee well-being.
Personalized Treatment and Patient Care Using AI
Authors: Anju A. , Kanthavel R. , Venket Krithikaa
Published: October 2024

During the last years, health has had to do with personalized medicine. The classic “one for all” approach is yielding its place to treatments and interventions that consider the peculiarities in individual genetic makeup, lifestyle, and environmental conditions. Artificial Intelligence is proving to be the strong artillery that will give healthcare providers the possibility to assure more effective personalized treatment. Applications of Artificial Intelligence in personalized health care bring a paradigm shift in medical interventions for improvement in patient outcomes over a set of factors. AI-driven personalized treatment and patient care. Various analyses are presenting the fact that AI technologies bring greater precision, speed, and productivity in healthcare delivery due to huge volumes of data analysis, hence providing insights which could be put to use. That revolutionizes healthcare; it actually empowers health care to provide personalized and evidence-based treatment that improves the patient outcomes besides smoothing the clinical workflows.
Recommendation Systems and Content Personalization
Authors: Arockia Venice J. , Arivazhagan D. , Suman Nupur , Shanthi H. J. , Swadhi R.
Published: October 2024

In the realm of large-scale communication networks, recommendation systems and content personalization are pivotal for enhancing user engagement and satisfaction. This chapter explores various recommendation algorithms, including collaborative filtering, content-based methods, and hybrid approaches, elucidating their diverse applications across different domains. Personalized marketing messages leverage these algorithms to tailor communication strategies to individual preferences, optimizing user interactions and conversion rates. Additionally, the integration of Natural Language Processing (NLP) with adaptive learning techniques is examined, highlighting how these technologies can further refine content recommendations and educational experiences. By analyzing current trends and practical implementations, this chapter provides insights into the transformative impact of recommendation systems and content personalization on modern communication networks, emphasizing the role of advanced algorithms and adaptive technologies in delivering personalized and effective user experiences.
The Role of Smart Cities in Creating Sustainable Urban Environments Through Strategies and Innovative Solutions
Authors: Ruiz-Vanoye Jorge A. , Díaz-Parra Ocotlán , Ruiz-Jaimes Miguel A. , Ortiz Jaime Aguilar , Simancas-Acevedo Eric , Rodriguez-Flores Jazmín , Martínez Mireles Josué Román , Xicoténcatl-Pérez Juan M. , Vera Jimenez Marco Antonio
Published: October 2024

A smart city is a city that uses the optimum management of water, city technology, energy, mobility, public transportation, distribution of transport routes, road network safety management, the construction of homes / offices / transportation structure, industry / jobs, education, healthcare, public safety, government, civil protection, food, environmental pollution, and solid, hazardous and special waste This chapter will analyse how smart cities can become catalysts for urban sustainability through the implementation of advanced technologies and the integration of innovative strategies. With a focus on carbon footprint reduction, energy efficiency and climate change resilience, it will explore various initiatives and policies that are transforming cities towards a greener and more equitable future.
Driving Sustainable Consumption
Authors: AlAflak Aamer , Gautam Shubhangi
Published: October 2024

The main goal of this research is to examine how sales promotions, coupons, and discounts affect green buying habits.The author surveyed 750 individuals interested in purchasing Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) using an adaptive questionnaire. The relationships between sales promotions, coupons, discounts, and green buying behaviour were empirically tested using Partial Least squares Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) The results validate that sales promotions and discounts indeed impact green buying habits positively. These promotional strategies significantly contribute to green purchasing behaviour and have the potential to attract more customers The outcomes indicate that coupons have an insignificant effect on green buying habits. Future studies can validate the current research model with different populations to make the findings more universally applicable. This study adds to the existing literature by offering fresh insights into the evolving dynamics of green buying habits, particularly through the analysis of discounts and coupons using PLS-SEM.
Discursos de cidadania na educação em ciências e biologia presentes e silenciados na BNCC: qual cidadania queremos na América Latina?
Authors: Janning Daniel Prim , Moravski Barbara Vieira de Souza , Caurio Michel Soares , Polanco-Zuleta Mara Karidy , Marin Yonier Alexander Orozco , Souza Janaina Alves de , Cassiani Suzani
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo analisamos os pressupostos para formação cidadã que a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) possui e seu impacto no ensino de ciências, em especial de biologia. Esta análise do discurso enquadra-se na segunda fase do macroprojeto internacional “Educação em biologia e construção da cidadania: uma perspectiva latino-americana”. Discutimos a evolução histórica e política da BNCC, destacando a influência de diferentes governos e grupos empresariais na sua formulação, bem como a importância das universidades participarem ativamente na construção de futuras propostas curriculares e respectivamente na sua formação docente. Embora identifiquemos referências à cidadania na BNCC, destacamos o silêncio de perspectivas críticas em sua formulação, bem como a presença de significados e discursos hegemônicos que limitam a concepção de cidadania a um único modelo, excluindo e silenciando outras formas de cidadania presente na sociedade brasileira.
O ensino de Biologia e as possibilidades curriculares decoloniais
Authors: Mendonça Heitor Arantes , Da Silva Fernando Guimarães Oliveira
Published: October 2024

O trabalho trata-se de uma pesquisa documental produzido a partir de dados da dissertação de mestrado intitulada Críticas e Possibilidades Curriculares Decoloniais Integradoras do Ensino de Biologia no Ensino Médio de Tempo Integral de Minas Gerais. O objetivo do trabalho foi elaborar uma análise de documentos e, com isso, montar um material que contemple o ensino de Biologia sob a perspectiva decolonial no Ensino Médio de Tempo Integral (EMTI).
Do acolhimento à disciplina: um olhar para as instituições de reeducação
Authors: Müller Andressa Coelho , Dalmaso Alice Copetti , Rigue Fernanda Monteiro
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo visa compreender as noções de educação que circulam nas instituições de acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes. É produzida, como metodologia de investigação científica, uma análise documental do Projeto Político Pedagógico de um abrigo institucional, permitindo identificar diversos processos desenvolvidos na instituição, os quais se aproximam do que Corrêa (2006) nomeia como garantias da escolarização (Corrêa, 2006). Por fim,  procura-se criar possibilidades de estar junto com as crianças e jovens inadaptáveis (Deligny, 2018), potencializando encontros através da escuta, do afeto e do cuidado.
Crenças Pedagógicas Coloniais na perpetuação das marcas do colonialismo na educação da Guiné-Bissau
Authors: Silva Marcelo da , Martins Francini Scheid
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo, tem-se por objetivo identificar as permanências da colonialidade na educação da Guiné-Bissau, mais especificamente nas práticas pedagógicas de professores do Ensino Básico. A teoria das Crenças Pedagógicas Coloniais surge da articulação indissociável entre a teoria das Crenças Pedagógicas, desenvolvida por Tardif (2010), Ramos (1997), Raymond e Santos (1995), com uma pesquisa empírica, realizada por meio de observação participante em 14 escolas do país, contemplando 38 professores e 270 alunos do Ensino Primário e Secundário. A pesquisa realizada é de abordagem qualitativa e caracteriza-se como descritiva e interpretativa. Como resultado aponta-se que as Crenças Pedagógicas Coloniais representam um legado histórico enraizado nos modelos educacionais desenvolvidos em países que serviram como colônias de nações eurocêntricas. A análise revela características distintas das Crenças Pedagógicas Coloniais incluindo a hierarquização do conhecimento, a imposição de padrões culturais dominantes, a negação das epistemologias locais, agressões físicas e psicológicas, entre outras.
Shoreline Change Detection and Future Prediction for Southwestern Coastline, Sri Lanka
Authors: Weerasekara O. N. , Illeperuma I. A. K. S.
Published: October 2024

Coastal zones, important for human settlements and economies globally and particularly in Sri Lanka, are experiencing significant changes driven by natural and human-induced activities. This study investigated the shoreline changes over the southwestern coastal zone between for three periods as; 1988 to 2023, 1988 to 2001 and 2001 to 2023 by calculating the change rates, preparing erosion/accretion maps and predicting future positions for years 2034 and 2044.Landsat images and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) were used for shoreline extraction and Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tools was used to calculate change rates and predict future positions.. Findings reveal significant changes over the three study periods. During the 1988-2001 period, the mean Endpoint Rate (EPR) averaged 2.31 m/year, while the mean Linear Regression Rate (LRR) averaged 2.34 m/year. The majority of the study area faced land accretion, with only 200 out of 3,475 transects experiencing erosion. However, during the 2001-2023 period, erosion became predominant at an alarming rate of 62.72%, with 2,192 out of 3,495 transects facing erosion. During this period, the mean EPR and mean LRR shiftedto -0.46 m/year and -0.25 m/year, respectively. During the overall period of 1988-2023, only 404 transects out of 3,422 transects were eroded, with a decreased percentage of 11.81%. The mean EPR was 0.61 m/year, while the mean LRR was 0.52 m/year. Kalutara, Beruwala, Hikkaduwa, Kahawa, and Galle experienced significant erosion, aligning with previous vulnerability assessments. Predictions for 2034 and 2044 suggest a trend towards land accretion, potentially influenced by recent beach nourishment efforts. Even though the erosion rate decreased for the overall period 1988-2023, mitigation measures should be taken, especially for Kalutara, Beruwala, Hikkaduwa, Kahawa, and Galle areas.
From the editor-in-chief’s desk
Authors: Van Eeden Elize S.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.
Guidelines for the Treatment of Urinary Incontineence and Overactive Bladder
Authors: Heyns C.F. , Rienhardt G.W.
Published: October 2024

Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary leakage of urine, while overactive bladder (OAB) is characterised by frequency, nocturia and urgency, with or without incontinence. This paper provides guidelines for the management of UI and OAB, focusing on primary health care. Although UI and OAB negatively impact on the patients quality of life more severely than diabetes mellitus or rheumatoid arthritis, surveys have shown that more than 60% of persons with UI never mention their problem to a doctor or nurse.Therefore, the primary care setting is ideal for screening, basic evaluation, and initial management of UI and OAB. A focused history and examination will usually enable the practitioner to distinguish between the different types of incontinence, such as stress, urge (overactive bladder), mixed, overflow and continuous incontinence. It should include a vaginal examination and cough test in women, rectal examination in men, dipsticks urinalysis, and assessment of the post-void residual urine. A bladder diary filled in by the patient can be very useful. There may be reversible conditions causing or contributing to the patients incontinence, such as urinary tract infection. In certain cases referral to a specialist is required, e.g. patients with incontinence after previous surgery, or associated with pain or hematuria. However, many patients with symptoms of OAB or UI can be eff ectively treated at the primary care level. Management options include lifestyle modification (e.g. smoking cessation and weight loss), pelvic floor exercises, and pharmacotherapy. Overactive bladder can be treated with muscarinic antogonists such as tolterodine and oxybutinin.
Audit of failure rate of Coartem to treat falciparum malaria at single fourteen day follow up
Authors: Vaughan Williams C.H. , La Cock C. , Henry G.F.J. , Ross A.J.
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the failure rate of the new first line treatment regime for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in KwaZulu-Natal of Coartem tablets (20mg aftemether and 120mg lumefantrine - Novartis South Africa (PTY Ltd.Design: A before-after study.Setting: Ndumo Clinic, Ingwavuma District, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, February 2001.Study Group: 67 patients presenting to Ndumo clinic with uncomplicated malaria, diagnosed by symptoms and positive immunochromographic test for plasmodium falciparum.Main outcome measures: All 58 follow-up slides obtained were negative. 8 patients failed to return, and 1 slide washed off. Only 43 smears were positive at day 0 of which 36 had follow-up smears.Conclusions: No resistance to Coartem was shown at day 4, and Coartem has been shown to be more effective at clearing falciparum malaria parasites than a previous regime of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine with chlorine.
Audit of failure rate of sulfadoxine/pyrimetham combined with chloroquine to treat falciparum malaria at single fourteen-day follow-up
Authors: Vaughan Williams C.H. , La Cock C. , Henry G.F.J. , Ross A.J.
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the failure rate of the present first line treatment regime for uncomplicated falciparum malaria of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine combined with chloroquine.Design: A before-after study.Setting: Ndumo Clinic, Ingwavuma District, South Africa, October 2000 Study Group. 55 patients presenting to Ndumo clinic with uncomplicated malaria and malaria trophozoites visible on thin film.Main outcome measures: Trophozoite count on thick film at day 14.Results: 15 out of 37 patients who returned for follow-up still had trophozoites on thick film. Symptoms of most patients at day 0 and day l4 were mild, parasite counts before and after treatment were low, and trophozoites were atypical.Conclusions: There appears to be an unacceptably high day 14 failure rate with the combination of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and chloroguine.The mildness of symptoms, low parasite counts and atypical trophozoites suggest immunity to falciparum malaria amongst the local population. With few antimalarials to chose from, the difficult question as to future treatment of uncomplicated malaria arises.
How event quality affects satisfaction and revisit intention from the theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Liu Xuexin , Zakaria Jaffry , Mohd Said Omar F.
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The study aims to enhance the original theoretical framework of tourism planning by examining how event quality (ETQ), attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SNs), perceived behavioural control (PBC) and satisfaction (SAT) influence tourists’ revisit intention (RI). In addition, it aims to explore the connections between ETQ, tourists’ SAT and revisit intenion, addressing a critical gap in the literature.Design/methodology/approach: The authors gathered data from 491 domestic tourists who attended the inaugural Guizhou ‘Beautiful Countryside’ Basketball League in Guizhou, China, in 2023. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was employed to assess both the measurement and structural models in the study.Findings/results: The results revealed significant positive direct effects of ATT, ETQ, SAT, PBC and SN on RI. Furthermore, ETQ indirectly influences RI through SAT, highlighting SAT as a key mediator in this relationship. The extended theory of planned behaviour (ETPB), which included ETQ and SAT as newly integrated variables, provided a stronger framework for understanding the heightened influence of ETQ on RI.Practical implications: This study enhances the theory of planned behaviour model by integrating ETQ and SAT, offering valuable insights for extending the ETPB theory. While this contribution is significant, it also presents certain limitations.Originality/value: This article addresses a crucial gap by exploring how enhancing ETQ can directly improve tourist SAT and boost RI. It provides fresh insights into optimising event experiences, which is essential for sustainable tourism development and repeat visitor engagement.
New characterizations of the gamma distribution via independence of two statistics by using Anosov's theorem
Authors: Lin G D , Stoyanov Jordan
Published: October 2024

В литературе имеются характеризации для гамма-распределения через свойство независимости двух подходящих статистик. Хорошо известен классический результат, когда одна из статистик - это выборочное среднее, а вторая - выборочный коэффициент вариации. В этой статье мы приводим подходящий вариант теоремы Аносова, который позволяет установить довольно общий результат, теорему 1, и вывести семь следствий. Все они являются новыми характеризациями для гамма распределения. Одна из рассматриваемых статистик - это выборочное среднее, а вторую статистику можно выбрать из широкого класса однородных допустимых статистик. Стоит упомянуть, что есть интересная параллель между полученными здесь характеризациями для гамма-распределения и недавно найденными характеризациями для нормального распределения.
On the representation property for 1d general diffusion semimartingales
Authors: Criens David , Urusov Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2024

Общий диффузионный семимартингал - это одномерный непрерывный семимартингал, который также является регулярным строго марковским процессом. Будем говорить, что непрерывный семимартингал обладает свойством представления, если все локальные мартингалы относительно его естественной фильтрации имеют интегральное представление относительно его непрерывной мартингальной составляющей. Свойство представления имеет фундаментальный интерес в области стохастической финансовой математики, где оно тесно связано с понятием полноты рынка. Основной результат этой статьи показывает, что свойство представления выполняется для общего диффузионного семимартингала (который не начинается в поглощающей граничной точке) тогда и только тогда, когда его функция шкалы (локально) абсолютно непрерывна во внутренности фазового пространства. Из нашей основной теоремы следует, что распределения общих диффузионных семимартингалов с такими функциями шкалы являются крайними точками множеств решений их семимартингальных проблем. Более того, мы строим пример общего диффузионного семимартингала, распределение которого не является крайней точкой множества решений его семимартингальной проблемы. Эти результаты вносят вклад в решение проблем, поставленных Ж. Жакодом и М. Йором, а также Д. В. Струком и М. Йором, об экстремальности строго марковских решений мартингальных проблем.
COFFEE TERRITORIALIZATION IN CAPARAÓ CAPIXABA
Authors: Tavares Beatriz Carvalho , Machado Marcello de Barros Tomé , Valduga Vander
Published: October 2024

Brazil has several regions shaped by the insertion of the coffee economy, an arrangement that highlights the coffee production chain as a structuring element of the territory. This article aims to characterize the territorialization of the coffee production chain in the Caparaó Capixaba region. The qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and ethnographic research is divided into three stages: bibliographic, fieldwork and interviews. The field research lasted from November 2020 to January 2021. The interviews, conducted online, occurred between September and November 2021. The respondents were 15 coffee producers in the municipalities of Iúna and Irupi, in Caparaó Capixaba, Brazil. Consequently, the formation of Caparaó territoriality from the region's historic coffee culture is evident. Thus, the study increases the understanding of the production, consumption, and commercialization of the region's coffee. Some essential factors considered are the appropriation of space by producers, resignification of practices and territory through work, reinforcement of local identity, formation of the coffee landscape and subsequent productive differentiation through the focus on specialty coffees. Finally, visibility is given to coffee growers' protagonism in a region neglected in recent decades due to low quantitative productivity but which boasts expressive results in agroecological, family and specialty coffee production. Keywords: Appropriation. Identity. Work. Landscape Coffee Production.
ESPINHAÇO RANGE BIOSPHERE RESERVE (MaB UNESCO) AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN PROMOTING GEODIVERSITY SITES
Authors: Jesus Esterlivian Paula E. R de , Travassos Luiz Eduardo Panisset , Ruchkys Úrsula de Azevedo , Sena Ìtalo Sousa de
Published: October 2024

The Serra do Cipó National Park (PARNA Cipó) is a UNESCO-recognized site and part of the Serra do Espinhaço Biosphere Reserve (RBIO Espinhaço). However, the educational and interpretive materials in PARNA primarily focus on nature tourism and do not adequately explore the geodiversity related to abiotic attractions. This study evaluates the potential for geotourism practices in the conservation unit. The methodology involved developing thematic maps of didactic potential, recreational potential, and degradation risk, which were analysed through multicriteria analysis to generate a geotourism potential map. A public-use map of trails was also developed to contextualise the study using data from the Wikiloc application. The results indicate two significant areas with high potential for geotourism, including the Vale Mascate and Vale Bocaina Trails. The study’s findings could contribute to the development of geotourism and promote the conservation and appreciation of the abiotic aspects of nature. Keywords: Geotourism; Geoconservation, PARNA-Cipó, Geoheritage.
CONTEXTO INSTITUCIONAL DE LA ENERGÍA EÓLICA Y SUS IMPACTOS EN COMUNIDADES TRADICIONALES EN LA ZONA COSTERA DEL NORESTE DE BRASIL, ENTRE 2000-2020
Authors: Silva Lígia de Nazaré Aguiar , Pinilla Humberto Rojas , Fernandes Juana Angelica Felipe
Published: October 2024

Desde la llegada de la industria eólica en Brasil, la zona costera del noreste ha recibido parques eólicos. Además de concentrar parques eólicos, esta zona también se caracteriza por la presencia de comunidades tradicionales, lo que ha generado impactos ambientales en estos territorios. Por esta razón, se buscó analizar la relación entre los mecanismos y las prácticas del gobierno para la expansión de esta industria en Ceará, y los impactos ambientales en las comunidades afectadas. Se utilizó el análisis cualitativo, a través de datos secundarios como legislaciones y fuentes bibliográficas, con análisis enfocado en el discurso, prácticas y correlación entre los datos. Se identificaron entre las acciones del gobierno la desburocratización de licencias ambientales y creación de fondos monetarios específicos para el sector, lo que ha sido eficaz en potencializar la presencia de parques eólicos. Sin embargo, la legislación no dispone de instrumentos de protección a las comunidades aFECTADAS, y tampoco incentivo a la participación social en el proceso de planificación e instalación dos parques eólicos. Además, a nivel municipal no existen instrumentos regulatorios para esta actividad. La comprensión de debilidades y fortalezas en la gubernamentalidad aportará en la construcción de legislación y prácticas que atendan a la industria eólica y a las comunidades. Palabras-clave: Impactos, Comunidades Tradicionales, Energía Eólica
HISTORICAL SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN SALVADOR AND BAHIA IN THE LONG DURATION
Authors: Vasconcelos Pedro de Almeida
Published: October 2024

The text deals with the social movements that took place in Salvador and in the captaincy/province/state of Bahia in the lengthy period from 1500/1549 to the present day, based on the results of research carried out for my book Salvador: transformações e permanências (Salvador: transformations and permanence) and other more recent materials. The text is divided into four parts. It begins with a literature review of social movements in Sociology and Geography. Then, given the extended period, the social movements in Salvador are divided into Colony, Empire and Republic. In the book, the notion of social movements was used as one of the transforming agents of the city. Keywords: Social movements; Salvador; Bahia.
Present and prospect of transarterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor and PD-1 inhibitor for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Rui , Liu Yan-Hui , Li Yu , Li Nan-Nan , Li Zheng
Published: October 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the article (World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16: 1236-1247), which is a retrospective study of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we focus specifically on the mechanisms of this triple therapy, administration sequence and selection of each medication, and implications for future clinical trials. Based on the interaction mechanisms between medications, the triple therapy of TACE + TKI + PD-1 is proposed to complement the deficiency of each monotherapy, and achieve synergistic antitumor effects. Although this triple therapy has been evaluated by several retrospective trials, it is still controversial whether the triple therapy achieves better clinical benefits, due to the flawed study design and heterogeneity in medications. In addition, the administration sequence, which may greatly affect the clinical benefit, needs to be fully considered at clinical decision-making for obtaining better prognosis. We hope that this editorial could contribute to the design and optimization of future trials.
Bibliometric analysis of olaparib and pancreatic cancer from 2009 to 2022: A global perspective
Authors: Feng Xu , Chai Yi-Han , Jiang Ke-Xin , Jiang Wen-Bin , Chen Wen-Chao , Pan Yu
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Genetic screening for breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA )1 /2 mutations can inform breast/ovarian/pancreatic cancer patients of suitable therapeutic interventions. Four to seven percent of pancreatic cancer patients have germline BRCA mutations. BRCA genes aid in DNA repair, especially homologous recombination, which impacts genomic stability and cancer cell growth. BRCA1 regulates the cell cycle, ubiquitination, and chromatin remodeling, whereas BRCA2 stimulates the immune response. They predict the efficacy of platinum chemotherapy or polymerase (PARP) inhibitors such as olaparib.

AIM

To determine the trends and future directions in the use of olaparib for pancreatic cancer treatment.

METHODS

To evaluate the trends in how olaparib works in pancreatic cancer, we performed a bibliometric analysis. One hundred and ninety-six related publications were accessed from the Web of Science Core Collection and were published between 2009 and 2022. The analytic parameters included publications, related citations, productive countries and institutes, influential authors, and keyword development.

RESULTS

This study visualizes and discusses the current research, including the present global trends and future directions in olaparib and pancreatic cancer. Overall, this study sheds light on optimizing the use of olaparib in pancreatic cancer treatment, offering valuable guidance for researchers in this field.

CONCLUSION

Our findings identified trends in olaparib and pancreatic cancer, with China and the USA leading and with global cooperation tightening. O'Reilly EM's team and Memorial Sloan-Kettering had the highest output. The Journal of Clinical Oncology was the most cited journal. More PARP inhibitors are emerging, and combination therapy is suggested for future therapeutic trends.
Vascular endothelial growth factor pathway’s influence on bevacizumab efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer treatment
Authors: Qin Yuan , Ma Fu-Yuan , Zhang Zhi , Zhao Chen-Hao , Huang Biao
Published: October 2024

In this article, an article published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology , which focuses on whether the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) affects the effectiveness of chemotherapy regimens, including bevacizumab, in treating patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Through neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bevacizumab inhibits tumor angiogenesis, impairing neovascularization and thereby depriving the tumor of essential nutrients and oxygen. Conversely, PD-L1 binding to VEGF receptor 2 promotes angiogenesis, supporting tumor vasculature. The interplay between these pathways complicates the assessment of bevacizumab’s efficacy in cancer therapy, notably in CRC, where VEGF and PD-L1 significantly affect treatment response. This review examines metastatic CRC treatment strategies, focusing on bevacizumab’s mechanism of action and the role of PD-L1 in this therapeutic context.
High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and management of vertebral artery dissection: A case report
Authors: Zhang Hai-Bin , Duan Yong-Hong , Zhou Min , Liang Ri-Chu
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is a rare but life-threatening condition characterized by tearing of the intimal layer of the vertebral artery, leading to stenosis, occlusion or rupture. The clinical presentation of VAD can be heterogeneous, with common symptoms including headache, dizziness and balance problems. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes; however, VAD is often missed due to its variable clinical presentation and lack of robust diagnostic guidelines. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) has emerged as a reliable diagnostic tool for VAD, providing detailed visualization of vessel wall abnormalities.

CASE SUMMARY

A young male patient presented with an acute onset of severe headache, vomiting, and seizures, followed by altered consciousness. Imaging studies revealed bilateral VAD, basilar artery thrombosis, multiple brainstem and cerebellar infarcts, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed vertebral artery stenosis but failed to detect the dissection, potentially because intramural thrombosis obscured the VAD. In contrast, HRMRI confirmed the diagnosis by revealing specific signs of dissection. The patient was managed conservatively with antiplatelet therapy and other supportive measures, such as blood pressure control and pain management. After 5 mo of rehabilitation, the patient showed significant improvement in swallowing and limb strength.

CONCLUSION

HR-MRI can provide precise evidence for the identification of VAD.
Epstein-Barr virus positive post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with significantly decreased T-cell chimerism early after transplantation: A case report
Authors: Guo Qing-Na , Liu Hai-Sheng , Li Lin , Jin Dian-Ge , Shi Ji-Min , Lai Xiao-Yu , Liu Li-Zhen , Zhao Yan-Min , Yu Jian , Li Yan-Yuan , Yu Fang-Quan , Gao Zhe , Yan Jiao , Huang He , Luo Yi , Ye Yi-Shan
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a rare but highly fatal complication occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) or solid organ transplantation (SOT). Unlike SOT, PTLD after allo-HCT usually originates from the donor and is rarely accompanied by a loss of donor chimerism.

CASE SUMMARY

We report a case of Epstein-Barr virus positive PTLD manifesting as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with significantly decreased T-cell chimerism early after allo-HCT. A 30-year-old patient with acute myeloid leukemia underwent unrelated allo-HCT after first complete remission. Nearly 3 mo after transplantation, the patient developed cervical lymph node enlargement and gastric lesions, both of which were pathologically suggestive of DLBCL. Meanwhile, the patient experienced a significant and persistent decrease in T-cell chimerism. A partial remission was achieved after chemotherapy with single agent rituximab and subsequent R-CHOP combined chemotherapy.

CONCLUSION

The loss of T-cell chimerism and the concomitant T-cell insufficiency may be the cause of PTLD in this patient.
Use of mobile communication technology to overcome vaccine skepticism
Authors: Aleshina L. V. , Gamova I. V. , Girsha A. Yu. , Belikova A. V. , Aleshin D. V.
Published: October 2024

Despite significant advances in clinical medicine, infectious diseases and their prevention remain the leading problem of our time. Low literacy of the population reggarding immunization, combined with high activity of the anti-vaccination movement, creates unhealthy skepticism about immunoprophylaxis and the risks of epidemics.
The work uses theoretical analysis of literature, methods of anonymous questionnaires of students of medical and non-medical specialties, methods of statistical and bioinformatics data processing, and modern internet technologies: the platform of the social network “Vkontakte” and the program for creating a chatbot “Senler”.
The analysis of commitment to vaccination of medical and non-medical students showed that 65.8% to 96.2% of respondents have a positive attitude to preventive health measures. From 1.9% to 6% believe the disease is easier to treat than to prevent, and almost 30% of respondents do not think about prevention and diseases in general, considering themselves young. Almost 10% of non-medical students (1 group) consider vaccination useless, 8.4% dangerous for immunity, 18.3% know nothing about vaccinations and cannot compare the benefits of vaccination with the risk of infectious pathology. In order to form medical literacy of the population, including in strategic issues of preserving the health of the nation, the team of authors developed and implemented through the social network “Vkontakte” chatbot “Vaccine and point” containing up-to-date information about vaccines, methods multiplicity and age features of their use. People [n = 156] used the chatbot during the month of work, noting its high informational value, motivating to vaccination.
Analysis of commitment to vaccination of students of medical and non-medical specialties showed an insufficient level of trust in domestic preventive medicine, which forms an unhealthy attitude to vaccine prevention. Insufficient vaccine coverage creates real threats to the spread of infectious diseases at the population level. Developed and implemented in real practice, the “Vaccine and point” chatbot is an effective tool for increasing the knowledge of compatriots about the real possibilities of protection against the main vaccine-controlled infections and an additional attempt to overcome anti-vaccination skepticism.
Brown algae of the White Sea as a promising source of fucoidan for increasing resistance in laying hens
Authors: Bakhta A. A. , Karpenko L. Yu. , Nikonov I. N.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a feed additive from fucus algae on resistance indicators of laying hens in industrial poultry farming conditions. In the algae F. vesiculosus and A. Nodosum, it was revealed that the mass fraction of fucoidan in terms of a.d.w. is 3.92±0.12%.When assessing the effect of using a feed additive from fucus algae on resistance indicators of laying hens, it was revealed that it has an effect on white and red blood parameters, leukogram and phagocyte activity. In chickens of the experimental group, there was a tendency towards an increase in the number of erythrocytes, an increase in the color index, a tendency towards a decrease in the number of leukocytes relative to the increase in the control group, while the indicators were within the reference values, after 30 days of using the additive – in the experimental group the proportion of pseudoeosinovils increased by 50% and the proportion of lymphocytes decreased by 6% compared to the control group. After 60 days of using the supplement, this trend continues: the proportion of pseudoeosinophils increased by 22% and the proportion of lymphocytes decreased by 4% in the experimental group relative to the control group. In our opinion, this indicates a normalization of the ratio of leukocyte forms in the experimental group, and, consequently, the immune status. In addition, in the experimental group relative to the control group, there was a significant decrease in the number of eosinophils by 67%, which may indicate a lower allergic reaction of the body’s immune system. Indicators of blood phagocytosis significantly changed after 60 days of use: in the experimental group, phagocytic activity increased by 23%, which indicates a higher ability of leukocytes in the experimental group to absorb foreign bacteria, and, consequently, stronger cellular immunity compared to the control group. Thus, the use of a feed additive from fucus algae for laying hens containing fucoidan in an amount of 3.92±0.12% helps to normalize the ratio of leukocyte forms and increase blood phagocytosis rates, which significantly increases resistance in laying hens.
In Silico Drug Designing for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Kumari Prerna , Ali Sumeen , Vishwakarma Ajay
Published: October 2024

Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue, especially in developing countries where limited resources and access to health services pose challenges. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer and plays a crucial role in its development. Despite the availability of prophylactic vaccines, effective treatment options for patients with pre-existing HPV infections or HPV-induced carcinomas remain elusive. High-risk (HR) HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins serve as biomarkers in cervical cancer progression. Research has focused on these proteins as potential targets for novel therapeutics and to find a novel compound that can overcome the problem of drug ineffectiveness in cancerous cells as they become multi-drug resistant to the existing drugs and treatments. Computational-aided methods, including in silico approaches, have been valuable in discovering and developing small molecules that can block or inhibit the action of the E6 oncoproteins. This review discusses existing small molecules explored as HPV E6 protein blockers and outlines future perspectives in cervical cancer therapy. In molecular docking studies, it is identified that four compounds exhibit the properties of a lead molecule, possess more negative binding energy, and form a highly stable ligand-receptor complex. These four compounds will help in future research and development. Advancing these compounds through further studies will help develop potential and effective drugs for treating cervical cancer.
Petros Stangos, La fabrique de la jurisprudence sociale européenne. Les décisions ‘réclamations collectives’ du Comité Européen des Droits Sociaux, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 2024
Authors: Jimena Quesada Luis
Published: October 2024

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Analysis Of Student Satisfaction Level In The Faculty Of Science And Technology Using The Convolution Neural Network Method
Authors: Martua Rifki Agus , Irmayani Deci , Yanris Gomal Juni
Published: October 2024

The Faculty of Science and Technology at Labuhanbatu University is one of the leading faculties that focuses on the development of science and technology. This faculty offers various study programs designed to prepare students to face the challenges of the digital era and industrial revolution 4.0. This research, using survey and interview methods, aims to collect accurate and objective data regarding student perceptions and experiences in various aspects, such as the quality of educational services, quality of teaching, and available supporting facilities such as extracurricular activities, seminars and research projects, ease of access. information and academic support from optimal staff and teaching staff.
El concepto de ordenación del territorio. Los antecedentes de la planificación territorial. La Ley de ordenación del territorio de Andalucía. El sistema de instrumentos de ordenación del territorio Planificación sectorial con incidencia en la OT. Actuaciones singulares con incidencia en la ordenación del territorio.
Authors: Chamizo Calvo Luisa Teresa
Published: October 2024

SUMARIO: I.1. EL CONCEPTO DE ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO I.2. LOS ANTECEDENTES DE LA PLANIFICACIÓN TERRITORIAL I.3. LA LEY DE ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO DE ANDALUCÍA I.4. EL SISTEMA DE INSTRUMENTOS DE ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO. TIPOS, DETERMINACIONES Y TRAMITACIÓN. INCARDINACIÓN CON EL PLANEAMIENTO URBANÍSTICO I.4.1. El Sistema de Instrumentos de Ordenación del Territorio I.4.2. Naturaleza y efectos de los planes de ordenación del territorio I.4.3. De la vigencia de los Planes de Ordenación del Territorio y de su revisión y modificación I.4.4. Incardinación con el planeamiento urbanístico I.4.5. Régimen disciplinario I.5. COORDINACIÓN CON LA PLANIFICACIÓN ESTATAL Y AUTONÓMICA CON INCIDENCIA EN LA ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO I.6. COORDINACIÓN CON ACTUACIONES NO INCLUIDAS EN INSTRUMENTOS DE PLANIFICACIÓN I.7. ACTUACIONES SINGULARES DE ESPECIAL INTERÉS PARA LA COMUNIDAD AUTÓNOMA I.7.1. Las actuaciones de interés autonómico I.7.2. Los campos de golf de interés turístico I.7.3. De la inversiones empresariales declaradas de interés estratégico para Andalucía I.8. CONCLUSIONES
Los instrumentos de planeamiento urbanístico en la legislación urbanística andaluza. El sistema de planeamiento urbanístico. Planes Urbanísticos. Tipos. Finalidad y contenidos.
Authors: Roman Pereira Teresa
Published: October 2024

SUMARIO: I.1. LA PLANIFICACIÓN URBANÍSTICA EN ANDALUCÍA I.1 Introducción I.2 Instrumentos de la planificación urbanística andaluza I.2.1 El Planeamiento General 1.2.1.1 El Plan General de Ordenación Urbanística. Definición y determinaciones 1.2.1.2 Los Planes de Ordenación Intermunicipal 1.2.1.3 Los Planes de Sectorización I.2.2 El Planeamiento de Desarrollo. Introducción 1.2.2.1 Planes Parciales de Ordenación 1.2.2.2 Planes Especiales 1.2.2.3 Estudios de Detalle I.2.3 Los Catálogos I.2.4 Otras figuras de planeamiento 1.2.4.1 Normativas Directoras (NDOU) 1.2.4.2 Ordenanzas municipales de edificación y urbanización I.2.5 Las Adaptaciones Parciales del Planeamiento a la LOUA I.2.6 Contenido documental de los instrumentos de planeamiento I.3 Elaboración, tramitación y aprobación de los instrumentos de planeamiento urbanístico. Procedimiento y requisitos para su innovación I.3.1 Introducción I.3.2 Competencias para la formulación, elaboración y tramitación del planeamiento urbanístico 1.3.2.1 Corresponde a los municipios 1.3.2.2 Corresponde a la Administración Autonómica 1.3.2.3 Corresponde a los particulares y a cualquier otra Administración (distinta de la competente para su tramitación), o entidad adscrita o dependiente de la misma I.3.3 Fases de la tramitación del planeamiento 1.3.3.1 Avance 1.3.3.2 Formulación del instrumento de planeamiento 1.3.3.3 Aprobación Inicial 1.3.3.4 Información Pública, participación ciudadana y eficacia en la gestión pública urbanística 1.3.3.5 Solicitud de informes, dictámenes u otros pronunciamientos de los órganos y entidades administrativas gestores de intereses públicos afectados, previstos legalmente como preceptivos 1.3.3.6 Las Comisiones Provinciales de Coordinación Urbanística 1.3.3.7 Aprobación provisional 1.3.3.8 Aprobación definitiva 1.3.3.9 Publicación y registro de los instrumentos de planeamiento urbanístico I.3.4 Innovación de los instrumentos de planeamiento