bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison between two educational methods in the rehabilitation of the microstomia in systemic sclerosis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Uras Claudia , Mastroeni Simona , Tabolli Stefano , Masini Cinzia , Pallotta Sabatino , Teofoli Patrizia , Rocco Gennaro , Mazzanti Cinzia , Abeni Damiano
Published: June 2019

Objective:

To test the effectiveness of an educational intervention including “face to face” training, compared to a standard information program, to reduce microstomia in women with systemic sclerosis.

Design:

Single-blind, two-arm, randomized controlled study with a 12-month follow-up period.

Setting:

Hospital wards of a large Italian dermatological reference center.

Subjects:

Female inpatients with diagnosis of systemic sclerosis.

Interventions:

For both groups an information brochure and an audio-visual DVD were developed specifically for the study. The control group was assigned to educational materials alone (i.e. brochures and DVD), while the experimental group, in addition to the same educational materials, received specific “face-to-face” interventions, repeated at each follow-up visit.

Main measures:

Primary outcome was measurement of the opening of the mouth. Secondary outcomes was the self-reported mouth disability.

Results:

The intention-to-treat analysis included 63 patients. Compared to the baseline measurement, we observed an increase of the mouth opening of 0.31 cm (95% confidence interval: 0.13–0.49), P = 0.003; in the control group, the increase was 0.13 cm (95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.25), P = 0.06. The difference in improvement between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P = 0.10); however, it reached statistical significance in the per-protocol analysis (39 patients, P = 0.02).

Conclusion:

Face-to-face nursing rehabilitation training seems to improve microstomia to a greater extent, when compared to a standard intervention based only on written and audio-visual materials.
Impulsivity moderates the effects of dopamine D2 and mixed D1–D2 antagonists in individuals with gambling disorder
Authors: Zack Martin , Lobo Daniela , Biback Candice , Fang Tim , Smart Kelly , Tatone Daniel , Kalia Aditi , Digiacomo Daniel , Kennedy James L
Published: June 2019

Background:

The functional role of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in gambling disorder (GD) remains unclear.

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the role of D1 activation and the moderating effects of impulsivity, a trait linked with weaker D2-mediated inhibition of dopamine release, in GD subjects.

Methods:

Thirty (nine female) non-comorbid GD subjects with low (LI), moderate (MI), or high impulsivity (HI) received the preferential D2 antagonist haloperidol (HAL; 3 mg) or the mixed D1–D2 antagonist fluphenazine (FLU; 3 mg), on separate sessions before a 15-minute slot machine game or amphetamine (AMPH; 20 mg), in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, counterbalanced design.

Results:

On their own, HAL and FLU led to linear increases and decreases, respectively, in desire to gamble across increasing levels of impulsivity. The slot machine and AMPH each evoked an inverted-U pattern of desire to gamble across increasing impulsivity. HAL reversed this effect of the game, whereas FLU did not alter post-game desire. HAL and FLU decreased and increased psychostimulant-like effects of the game, respectively, in LI and MI subjects, but consistently reduced these effects in HI subjects. HAL also altered the salience of negative affective words on a reading task, such that greater salience of negative words coincided with lower post-game desire to gamble.

Conclusions:

D1 receptors appear to gauge the incentive value of gambling in GD subjects. D1 activation has negative reinforcing effects in HI gamblers and positive reinforcing effects in LI gamblers. Medications that activate D1 could curtail chasing in HI gamblers. D1 blockade could benefit HI gamblers whose main concern is craving.
Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in committed differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by kartogenin
Authors: Wang Cheng , Liu Qiaohui , Ma Xiaoyuan , Dai Guofeng
Published: June 2019

Objective

To measure the inductive effect of kartogenin on matrix metalloproteinase-2 levels during the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into chondrocytes in vitro.

Methods

In vitro cultured bone marrow hMSCs were grown to the logarithmic phase and then divided into three groups: control group (0 µM kartogenin), 1 µM kartogenin group and 10 µM kartogenin group. After 72 h of culture, cell proliferation and differentiation were observed microscopically. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the cell supernatant and type II collagen levels in the cells were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence staining, respectively.

Results

Kartogenin induced the proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs. With the increase of kartogenin concentration, the level of type II collagen was increased, while the level of MMP-2 decreased.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that kartogenin can induce hMSCs to differentiate into chondrocytes, and with the increase of kartogenin concentration, degeneration of the cartilage extracellular matrix may be inhibited.
Improvement of Good’s syndrome by fecal microbiota transplantation: the first case report
Authors: Jagessar Sabreen Abdul Rahman , Long Chuyan , Cui Bota , Zhang Faming
Published: June 2019

Good’s syndrome (GS) is a rare primary immunodeficiency defined as hypogammaglobulinemia associated with the presence of a thymoma. Patients with GS usually have increased susceptibility to a wide range of infections, and clinical treatment is a challenge for physicians. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which is a safe strategy for reconstruction of the gut microbiota, has a positive influence on the treatment of refractory infections such as those in patients with GS. We herein report a case involving a 73-year-old woman who had been previously diagnosed with a thymoma. After thymectomy, she complained of respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. Her laboratory analysis strongly suggested GS. Infusion of immunoglobulin and albumin was the only treatment of choice until FMT was considered as an alternative therapy. The patient’s manifestations were subsequently relieved, and several FMTs were required to maintain clinical remission. Management of GS remains quite challenging to physicians because of the intricate organ involvement and limited and costly existing therapies. FMT is usually well tolerated by patients, and its cost-effectiveness and safety profile allow it to be considered as an alternative therapy for GS.
Long-term outcome after flexible ureteroscopy with holmium laser for simultaneous treatment of a single renal cyst and ipsilateral renal stones
Authors: Zewu Zhu , Hequn Chen , Yu Cui , Yang Li , Zhongqing Yang , Zhiyong Chen , Feng Zeng
Published: June 2019

Objective

To assess the long-term outcome of simultaneous treatment of a single renal cyst and ipsilateral stones with transurethral flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) lithotripsy and internal cyst drainage.

Methods

Patients who underwent simultaneous treatment with FURS lithotripsy and internal cyst drainage in our institution between July 2014 and September 2017 were enrolled. The cyst wall was identified endoscopically and a 1–3-cm window was created in the wall using a holmium laser. The proximal end of a double-J stent was placed in the cystic cavity to facilitate internal drainage.

Results

Thirteen patients underwent simultaneous treatment. No intraoperative complications with Clavien grading score >2 were noted in any patients. Mean stone burden and cyst diameter were 1.6 (range: 0.9–2.5) cm and 5.8 (range: 3.0–7.1) cm, respectively. Stone-free rates after single and complementary procedures were 84.6% and 92.3%, respectively. During the mean 33.1-month follow-up period (range: 17–54 months), seven patients (53.8%) achieved full resolution of renal cysts, five patients (38.5%) maintained >50% size reduction, and one patient (7.6%) experienced recurrence at 18 months postoperatively.

Conclusions

FURS with a holmium laser may constitute a safe and effective alternative procedure for simultaneous treatment of a single renal cyst and ipsilateral stones.
Characteristics of Intimate Partner Homicide in China: Compared With Previous Studies in Other Countries
Authors: Shuhong Zhao
Published: June 2019

Advancing towards modernization and urbanization, China is currently witnessing a soaring increase in intimate partner homicide (IPH). The present study sought to explore the characteristics of IPHs in China. Data from 979 judgments of this lethal serious crime were analyzed. In comparison with studies from other parts of the world, this study determined the characteristics of IPHs in China in terms of perpetrators, victims, incidents, and types of intimate relationships. Although the previous theoretical research has given reasonable explanations for IPHs, the relationship between perpetrator and victim is actually a neglected area in the study of IPHs. In this study, we found that the relationship between them played a leading role in understanding IPHs in China.
Anthropology as critique: The legacy of Joel Kahn
Authors: Baldacchino Jean-Paul , Houston Christopher
Published: June 2019

Joel S. Kahn (1946–2017), was one of the founding editors of Critique of Anthropology. Throughout his career Joel continually adhered to an anthropology founded on the praxis of critique. Through his fieldwork in South East Asia and his own incursions into Western modernity and modernist thought, Joel was committed to a form of anthropology that challenged strict disciplinary conventions. The papers in this special issue written by his colleagues and students engage with some of the important themes he developed in his work rendering tribute to his ongoing legacy for generations of anthropologists.
Cultural geography III: The concept of ‘culture’
Authors: Anderson Ben
Published: June 2019

In my third report I argue that three versions of the concept of culture coexist in cultural geography in the wake of an interest in life and living: culture as assembled effect, culture as mediated experience, and culture as forms-of-life. All three break with one of the versions of culture in the ‘new’ cultural geography – culture as ‘signifying system’ – whilst retaining its focus on processes of mediation. By expanding what counts as ‘life’ and the forms relations take, each version reworks a second concept of culture present in the ‘new cultural geography’ – culture as ‘whole way of life’.
How Many Trajectories Are Needed to Develop Facility- and Speed-Specific Vehicle-Specific Power Distributions for Emission Estimation? Case Study in Beijing
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Song Guohua , Zhai Zhiqiang , Li Chenxu , Wu Yizheng
Published: June 2019

Vehicle-specific power (VSP) distributions, or operating mode (OpMode) distributions, are one of the most important parameters in VSP-based emission models, such as the motor vehicle emission simulator (MOVES) model. The collection of second-by-second vehicle activity data is required to develop facility- and speed-specific (FaSS) VSP distributions. This then raises the problem of how many trajectories are needed to develop FaSS VSP distributions for emission estimation. This study attempts to investigate the adaptive sample size for developing robust VSP distributions for emission estimations for light-duty vehicles. First, vehicle activity data are divided into trajectories and categorized into different trajectory pools. Then, the uncertainty of FaSS VSP distribution caused by sample size is analyzed. Further, the relationship between VSP distribution sample size and emission factor uncertainty is discussed. The case study indicates that error in developing FaSS VSP distributions decreases significantly with increased sample size. In different speed bins, the sample size required to develop robust FaSS VSP distributions and estimate emission factors is significantly different. In detail, in each speed bin, for a 90% confidence level, 30 trajectories (1,800 s) are enough to develop robust FaSS VSP distributions for light-duty vehicles with the root mean square errors (RMSEs) lower than 2%, which means errors in calculating fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are lower than 5%. However, 35 trajectories (2,100 s) are needed to estimate emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOX), and hydrocarbons (HC) with an estimation error lower than 5%.
Concrete Grinding Residue: Management Practices and Reuse for Soil Stabilization
Authors: Yang Bo , Zhang Yang , Cetin Bora , Ceylan Halil
Published: June 2019

Concrete grinding residue (CGR) is a slurry byproduct produced from diamond grinding operations used to smooth concrete pavement surface. As a waste material, CGR consists of cooling water for blades and concrete fines from the removed concrete layer. Since the composition of CGR reflects high pH, it can be a critical environmental issue and should be managed properly to reduce its impact to the ecological system. To understand the current management practices of CGR throughout the U.S.A., a comprehensive review of state regulations and a survey of departments of transportation and contractors were conducted in this study, with results showing that in many states detailed guidance for disposal of CGR to reduce risks was lacking. In addition, this study investigated the potential use of CGR for roadbed soil stabilization. To evaluate the performance of CGR for soil stabilization purpose, this study mixed 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of CGR by weight with two types of soils classified as A-4 and A-6 according to AASHTO. Unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, and cation-exchange capacity tests were conducted on specimens. Results of the strength tests showed that the soils treated with 20% of CGR had the highest strength. Other laboratory tests revealed that CGR treatment could reduce the maximum dry unit weight (γdmax) and plasticity and increase the pH, alkalinity, electrical conductivity and cation-exchange capacity of soils.
Creating a Roadmap for Successfully Planning, Implementing, and Administering Complex Multi-Jurisdictional Transportation Technology Projects
Authors: Moore Davonna , Ivy Gretchen , Comer Brian , DeMent Michael , Junak Matthew , Miller Charles
Published: June 2019

Eight Midwestern states united in creating a first-of-its-kind regional Truck Parking Information Management System (TPIMS) to reduce the incidence of commercial truck drivers injuring themselves and other drivers due to fatigue-related crashes and unauthorized parking along the interstate highways. The core intelligent transportation system technologies used for the TPIMS are not complex. They involve monitoring available parking at authorized public and private truck facilities in real time and then relaying the information to truck drivers and dispatchers through roadside dynamic truck parking signs, mobile applications, and state traveler information websites such as 511 services. Deployment of a regional project across multiple agencies and state lines is a complex operation, however, especially in the need to accommodate the organizational, policy, and technology needs and preferences of the eight partner states (Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Kansas, the lead agency for the $25 million federal TIGER grant which underwrites much of the initiative). This paper explores the lessons learned in developing and implementing a complex, multi-jurisdictional technology initiative as it nears full operational status in January 2019 and begins producing results which are expected to reduce crashes while improving the efficiency and profitability of the regional freight system. The paper also highlights how those lessons can be more broadly applied to major multi-jurisdictional transportation projects of all kinds.
Operating Performance of Diverging Diamond Interchanges
Authors: Hunter Michael , Guin Angshuman , Anderson James , Park Sung Jun
Published: June 2019

As the result of changing traffic patterns, many conventional intersections and interchanges can no longer accommodate growing traffic volumes and heavy turning movements. In response, there are various innovative intersection and interchange designs proposed and implemented to better accommodate these changes, and the diverging diamond interchange (DDI) is one of these alternatives. While there is a significant amount of research on the relative performance of DDIs and conventional diamond interchanges (CDIs), a clear set of guidance on demand conditions under which a DDI is likely an operationally more efficient solution is not readily available. This effort conducts a sensitivity analysis of CDI and DDI operational performance under various interchange lane configurations, including the selected study area of the Jimmy Carter Boulevard and I-85 interchange in Norcross, Georgia, under varying traffic demands and turn-movement ratios. The sensitivity analysis explores the detailed conditions in which one interchange configuration provides superior performance over the other. The sensitivity analysis is structured into a two-step process with a critical lane volume (CLV) analysis as the first step, followed by a VISSIM microscopic simulation study as the second step. Overall, the study found that a CDI is likely to be the preferred option at locations with traffic volumes well below capacity and cross-street left-turn traffic proportions below 30% of the total cross-street demand, and a DDI is likely to be preferred at locations with traffic volumes near capacity and cross-street left-turn proportions exceeding 50% of the total cross-street demand.
Precarization, Informalization, and Marx
Authors: Wilson Tamar Diana
Published: June 2019

It is argued that informalization (used primarily to understand economic dynamics in the Global South) and precarization (used primarily in the analysis of the labor market in the Global North) are in the process of becoming identical phenomena and are both related to the expansion of the reserve army of labor. Insights from Marx are useful in understand both processes, especially his concepts of the value of labor, of formal subsumption vs. real subsumption, and of absolute vs. relative surplus value. The vast expansion and globalization of the labor force has fostered the trend toward a reversion to formal subsumption and facilitated the recommodification of labor.
Twin phenomena during a transformation process
Authors: Bittner Anneli
Published: June 2019

This article presents the development of a clinical outpatient analytic group and advances a view on twin phenomena in dreams. The influence of real and transferential twin experiences on the dynamic matrix is also shown. The way diffuse ego-boundaries and narcissistic injuries in the group lead to self-exclusion is discussed. The group’s struggle with autonomy–dependency conflicts is reflected upon with reference to lack of differentiation between self- and object-representations as they are also known in twin psychodynamics. It is demonstrated how the group intersubjectively connects with the psychotic experience of one participant. This leads to the group eventually being able to serve as a transitional space and deal with deep issues by managing projective and splitting mechanisms in both psychotic and non-psychotic transference and countertransference. Foulkes’ concept of the transpersonal is used to define how these intense occurrences lead to a beneficial outcome in the treatment of severe psychic disorders.
Aeroelastic panel flutter optimization of tow-steered variable stiffness composite laminated plates using isogeometric analysis
Authors: Fazilati J , Khalafi V
Published: June 2019

The optimization of linear flutter behavior of the thin plates made from tow-steered fiber-reinforced laminates is investigated. In the tow-steered variable stiffness composite laminates, the fiber reinforcements are assumed to follow prescribed curvilinear path orientations according to a linear function of geometry longitude. The effect of location-dependent fiber reinforcements is taken into account in the integration procedures. A stream is considered to travel over the panel area in different heading directions. The flutter response of the laminated panel is then improved by adjusting the fiber placement properties through applying a genetic algorithm optimization procedure. The isogeometric analysis method based on the cubic nonuniform rational B-splines is developed. The accuracy and reliability of the optimization process is shown through some representative comparisons. The effect of changes in the flow direction, panel edge constraints, and layup characteristics are inspected.
Police Body-Worn Cameras: Research Developments on an Emerging Technology
Authors: Crow Matthew S. , Smykla John Ortiz
Published: June 2019

Police body-worn cameras (BWCs) represent one of the latest innovations to permeate policing, and the rapid speed with which law enforcement agencies throughout the United States and internationally have adopted or considered the technology has been greatly influenced by environmental factors, including high-profile deadly force incidents and national-level politics (President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing, 2015), and the promises of transparency, accountability, and evidentiary value. The proliferation of BWCs in policing has been met with an explosion of research examining myriad issues related to the technology. As this body of research continues to expand and develop, it will be increasingly important to effectively communicate the findings to scholars, policy makers, and those in the field who are, arguably, most effected by BWCs. This special issue of Criminal Justice Review contributes to that effort.
Combined mechanical process recycling technology for recovering copper and aluminium components of spent lithium-iron phosphate batteries
Authors: Bi Haijun , Zhu Huabing , Zu Lei , He Shuanghua , Gao Yong , Peng Jielin
Published: June 2019

The recycling processes of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries comprise thermal, wet, and biological and mechanical treatments. Limited research has been conducted on the combined mechanical process recycling technology and such works are limited to the separation of metal and non-metal materials, which belongs to mechanical recovery. In this article the combined mechanical process recycling technology of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries and the separation of metals has been investigated. The spent lithium iron phosphate batteries monomer with the completely discharged electrolyte was subjected to perforation discharge. The shell was directly recycled and the inner core was directly separated into a positive electrode piece, dissepiment, and negative electrode piece. The dissociation rate of the positive and negative materials reached 100.0% after crushing when the temperature and time reached 300 °C and 120 min. The crushed products were collected and sequentially sieved after the low-temperature thermal treatment. Then, nonferrous metals (copper and aluminium) were separated from the crushed spent lithium iron phosphate batteries by eddy current separation with particle size −4 + 0.4. The optimised operation parameters of eddy current separation were fed at speeds of 40 r min-1, and the rotation speed of the magnetic field was 800 r min-1. The nonferrous metals of copper and aluminium were separated by the method of pneumatic separation. The optimal air speed was 0.34 m s-1 for the particle-size −1.6 + 0.4 mm and 12.85–14.23 m s-1 for the particle-size −4 + 1.6 mm. The present recycling process is eco-friendly and highly efficient and produces little waste.
Magnesium Regulates the Circadian Oscillator in Cyanobacteria
Authors: Jeong Young M. , Dias Cristiano , Diekman Casey , Brochon Helene , Kim Pyonghwa , Kaur Manpreet , Kim Yong-Sung , Jang Hye-In , Kim Yong-Ick
Published: June 2019

The circadian clock controls 24-h biological rhythms in our body, influencing many time-related activities such as sleep and wake. The simplest circadian clock is found in cyanobacteria, with the proteins KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC generating a self-sustained circadian oscillation of KaiC phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. KaiA activates KaiC phosphorylation by binding the A-loop of KaiC, while KaiB attenuates the phosphorylation by sequestering KaiA from the A-loop. Structural analysis revealed that magnesium regulates the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of KaiC by dissociating from and associating with catalytic Glu residues that activate phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, respectively. High magnesium causes KaiC to dephosphorylate, whereas low magnesium causes KaiC to phosphorylate. KaiC alone behaves as an hourglass timekeeper when the magnesium concentration is alternated between low and high levels in vitro. We suggest that a magnesium-based hourglass timekeeping system may have been used by ancient cyanobacteria before magnesium homeostasis was established.
Circadian Rhythms in Fungi: Structure/Function/Evolution of Some Clock Components
Authors: Brody Stuart
Published: June 2019

The fungal clock, especially that in Neurospora crassa, is composed of several proteins, notably FRQ, WC-1, and WC-2, which interact at the protein level and at the level of transcription. It is shown here that regions of the FRQ that are highly conserved in many fungal species show significant similarity to regions of proteins found in the amoebae Capsaspora and Acanthamoebae. These 2 amoebae were specifically explored because they have been suggested, based on extensive evidence, to be related to precursors of the modern fungi. Those proteins in Capsaspora/Acanthamoebae with some similarity to FRQ are LARP (an RNA-binding protein), ARNT (which has a PAS motif), and heat shock factor (HSF). These regions of LARP and HSF that show similarity to FRQ are highly conserved between plants, animals, and amoeba. This suggests that these regions were present at the time of the divergence of plants, fungi, insects, and animals, and therefore, they could be plausible precursors to regions of the fungal FRQ. These particular regions of FRQ that show similarity to LARP and HSF are also of functional significance since mutations in these regions of the Neurospora FRQ led to changes in the rhythm. The FRQ proteins from 13 different species of fungi were analyzed via motif analysis (MEME), and 11 different motifs were found. This provides some understanding as to the minimum requirements for an FRQ protein. Many of these FRQ motifs can be matched up with known domains in FRQ. In addition, these 13 different species of fungi were screened for the presence/absence of 7 additional genes/proteins that play some role in fungal clocks.
The Involvement of Children in Postseparation Intimate Partner Violence in Italy: A Strategy to Maintain Coercive Control?
Authors: Feresin Mariachiara , Bastiani Federica , Beltramini Lucia , Romito Patrizia
Published: June 2019

Violence against women often continues after couples separate. Although the involvement of children in intimate partner violence is known, no study has investigated the role of children in postseparation violence in southern Europe. The aim of this study was to analyze male perpetrators’ strategies to maintain control over the woman after couples separate and the involvement of children in this process. We designed a multimethod research with a sample of women attending five anti-violence centers in Italy: In the quantitative part, women were interviewed with a questionnaire ( N = 151) at baseline and followed up 18 months later ( N = 91); in the qualitative part, in-depth interviews were carried out with women ( N = 13) attending the same centers. Results showed that women experienced high levels of violence and that children were deeply involved. When women with children were no longer living with the violence perpetrator, threats, violence, manipulation, and controlling behaviors occurred during father–child contacts: 78.9% of women in the longitudinal survey and all women in the qualitative study reported at least one of these unsettling behaviors. The qualitative study allowed for discovering some specific perpetrator strategies. Making the woman feel guilty, threatening, denigrating, and impoverishing her; preventing her from living a normal life; and trying to destroy the mother–child bond were key elements of a complex design aimed at maintaining coercive control over the ex-partner. Results from this multimethod study provided a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of coercive control and postseparation violence and how perpetrators use children to fulfill their aims.
How Government Created and Shaped the U.S. Nursing Home Industry
Authors: King Leslie
Published: June 2019

Beginning in the 1960s, U.S. government policy largely created, and subsequently facilitated the corporatization of, a powerful, multi-billion dollar nursing home industry. Using data from trade publications, government agency reports, Congressional hearings, newspaper reports and existing scholarly research, I chart the relationship between the state and the U.S. nursing home industry over four time periods to reveal how, at different moments, government policy contributed to first the creation, then the corporatization and consolidation of the industry. I argue that the trajectory of Medicare and Medicaid policy is not wholly neoliberal but neither should it be considered progressive.
A surface modeling method for product virtual assembly based on the root mean square of the regional residuals
Authors: Li Heng , Qiu Lemiao , Zhang Shuyou , Tan Jianrong , Wang Zili , Liu Xiaojian
Published: June 2019

The micro-topographic quality of a product’s surface directly affects the performance of the virtual assembly. The computational precision of the fractal dimension has a significant effect on the accuracy of the virtual assembly model. To address the imprecision and large deviation of the calculation method under some conditions, a virtual product assembly surface modeling method is proposed in this article based on the root mean square of the area residuals. First, the fractal dimension of the surface is calculated using the regional residual root mean square (3R method). The feasibility of the 3R method is verified by comparing with the existing methods on isotropic and anisotropic surfaces. Second, the fractal dimension of a real part surface is obtained using the 3R method. According to the Weierstrass–Mandelbrot function, a partial surface model of the machined part is established. The surface contours, roughness, waviness, and flatness of the part are extracted by wavelet transform. Then, the digital surface model for virtual assembly with the same profile parameters is generated by reconstructing the surface contours of the actual parts. Finally, the method proposed by taking the virtual assembly of a VTM200/F5 turn-milling composite machining center guideway is verified in this article.
Performance evaluation and prediction of rudders based on machine learning technology
Authors: Chang Binglu , Yang Ruifeng , Guo Chenxia , Ge Shuangchao , Li Longmei
Published: June 2019

Rudders are the important components of aircrafts, missiles and ships, and their traditional test equipment is not intelligent enough, so we have to evaluate their performance by observing every parameter manually. This situation makes it impossible to test the rudders rapidly and in quantity. In this paper, we present a new application in the field of rudder test based on machine learning (ML) and describe new methods for performance evaluation and state prediction. The main topics are concentrated on prediction-oriented problems of multiple performance data mining and modeling: analysis and extraction of data feature, performance scoring based on regression algorithm and cross-validation, screening of defective products and fault location based on classification algorithm and accuracy evaluation. Besides, we propose a new optimized decision tree algorithm (SFLA-MWDT) which solves the common decision difficulty in tree models caused by low-precision decision and high-vote competition. Here, through ‘automatic acquisition + intelligent analysis’, we break through the shortcomings of traditional rudder testing methods and technical bottleneck of low parameter testing efficiency. This test method is applicable to those rudders that have already produced but not yet in use. Also, it provides guidance for the production and practice of rudders.
Estimation of the walking speed of individuals with transfemoral amputation from a single prosthetic shank-mounted IMU
Authors: Dauriac Boris , Bonnet Xavier , Pillet Helene , Lavaste Francois
Published: June 2019

Microprocessor prosthetic knees, able to restore the gait of people with transfemoral amputation, are now often equipped with sensors embedded in the prosthetic shank, which could be used to assess some gait characteristics during real-life activities. In particular, an estimation of the walking speed during the locomotion of those subjects would be a relevant indicator of the performance. However, if methods have already been proposed in the literature to compute this walking speed, none are directly usable in this context and with this population. For these reasons, the current study proposed to estimate the instantaneous walking speed with a shank-embedded Inertial Measurement Units based on a biomechanical model of the prosthetic lower limb. Averaged walking speed estimation has been quantified for nine individuals with transfemoral amputation walking on a treadmill at different speeds and slopes when wearing an instrumented knee ankle prosthesis. Experimental results demonstrated the ability of the model to estimate the walking speed with an accuracy of 9% (normalized root mean squared errors over all the patients), which is consistent with previous reported walking speed estimation errors. In addition, as the walking speed estimation is instantaneous, the proposed method can provide the estimation by the end of the stance phase, which is an originality compared to other methods based on step length estimation. The present method is relevant for the estimation of walking speed during real-life activities of above-knee amputees opening the way to direct activity monitoring from the prosthesis.
Exploring the knowledge practices of psychology: Reflections on a field study
Authors: Elgaard Jensen Torben
Published: June 2019

The epistemic project of psychology is currently under intense and broad debate. As a contribution to this debate—and as a deliberate attempt to steer the debate towards a more situated and material understanding of epistemology—this article presents a 2-month anthropological field study of how knowledge was produced among a group of psychologists in a psychology department at a Danish university. First, the article presents a detailed account of how this particular group of (cultural-historical) psychologists constructed knowledge in their daily practices. Second, the article discusses these specific knowledge practices in relation to a selection of contemporary pragmatic ideas about research, knowledge, and theorising. Finally, the article discusses how the study of this particular case of knowledge production may contribute to the broad current debates about psychology’s contemporary epistemic project and its role in society.
Reciprocity, Autonomy, and Vulnerability in Men’s Experiences of Informal Cancer Care
Authors: Kenny Katherine , Broom Alex , Kirby Emma , Oliffe John L. , Wyld David , Lwin Zarnie
Published: June 2019

Men are increasingly participating, and acknowledging their roles, as informal carers. Yet, there has been comparatively little exploration of their experiences therein, especially within the context of cancer care. Here, drawing on semi-structured qualitative interviews with 16 Australian male carers for a relative with cancer, and using constructivist grounded theory, we explore their experiences of informal caring. Our analysis highlights a series of tensions, including the following: the meanings and practicalities of care provision including notions of reciprocity, duty, autonomy, and interdependence; the discomforts of dependency and vulnerability; and the complicated moralities that inflect “caring well.” Given the shifting dynamics around informal care, we argue for increased attention to the affective tensions that arise at the nexus of moralities and masculinities in informal caring relations, especially as they are articulated in the context of illness, affliction, and dependency.
Balance, Capacity, and the Contingencies of Everyday Life: Narrative Etiologies of Health Among Women in Street-Based Sex Work
Authors: Orchard Treena , Murie Angela , Salter Katherine , Elash Holli-Lynn , Bunch Mary , Middleton Cathy , Benoit Cecilia
Published: June 2019

There is an abundance of health research with women in street-based sex work, but few studies examine what health means and how it is practiced by participants. We embrace these tasks by exploring how a convenience sample of sex workers ( n = 33) think about and enact health in their lives. Findings reveal pluralistic notions of health that include neoliberal, biomedical, and lay knowledge. Health is operationalized through clinic/hospital visits and self-care practices, which emerge as pragmatic behaviors and ways to resist or compensate for exclusionary treatment in health care systems. Participants also use symbols of biomedical authority to substantiate their lay interpretations of certain conditions, revealing complex forms of moral reasoning in their health etiologies. We conclude that doing health and constructing rich narratives about it are constituent elements of the women’s everyday praxis and subjectivities in relation to the broader socioeconomic and political worlds of which they are a part.
Craniofacial Morphology in Patients With Opitz G/BBB Syndrome
Authors: Dalben Gisele da Silva , Garib Daniela Gamba , Pinto Rayane de Oliveira , Richieri-Costa Antonio , Taveira Luís Antônio de Assis
Published: June 2019

Objective:

To compare the cephalometric characteristics of patients with and without Opitz G/BBB syndrome type I.

Design:

Cross-sectional, case–control study.

Setting:

Tertiary cleft center in Brazil.

Participants:

Eighteen individuals with Opitz G/BBB syndrome with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), compared to 18 individuals with nonsyndromic complete cleft lip and palate and 18 individuals without malformations, matched for gender and age.

Interventions:

Pretreatment lateral cephalograms of all patients were manually traced and digitized for achievement of linear and angular measurements.

Main Outcome Measures:

Analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis followed by Tukey tests were used for intergroup comparisons at a significance level of P < .05.

Results:

Individuals with Opitz G/BBB syndrome exhibited alterations in SNGn, P-Co, and N’-Pr/Po-Or that were not attributable to BCLP. Co-Go, Sella-Nasion-Supramentale, ANB (maxillo-mandibular relationship), and anterior nasal spine-posterior nasal spine (ANS-PNS)/U1A-U1T were significantly different in both G/BBB and BCLP groups compared to control, but not different between G/BBB and BCLP groups. Anterior nasal spine-posterior nasal spine/Go-Gn, ANS-PNS, V-Upper pharyngeal wall, and U-lower pharyngeal wall were different in nonsyndromic BLCP compared to nonsyndromic controls and Opitz G/BBB group.

Conclusion:

Patients with Opitz G/BBB syndrome exhibited some unique cephalometric alterations compared to patients with nonsyndromic complete BCLP and controls.
Theorizing About an AOM President’s Response to Crisis and the Counter Responses It Evoked
Authors: Bartunek Jean M. , Elsbach Kimberly D. , Bell Emma , Markides Costas , Christianson Marlys G. , Sutcliffe Kathleen M. , Pratt Michael G. , Coyle-Shapiro Jacqueline A.-M. , Glynn Mary Ann , Ocasio William , Burton M. Diane , Ventresca Marc J.
Published: June 2019

Organizational crises have often stimulated scholarly theorizing that has been productive for our field. Rarely, however, are there opportunities to theorize regarding crises that happen in our own professional associations. A crisis experienced by Professor Anita McGahan when she was the President of the Academy of Management, described in an accompanying article, has presented such an opportunity. In this set of nine brief reflections, several scholars have considered how McGahan’s actions with regard to that crisis can be understood conceptually and how they may stimulate development of previously established conceptual perspectives. These reflections make evident that McGahan’s actions cannot be appreciated without recognition of the complex dilemmas to which she was responding. These dilemmas include issues of trustworthy leadership, gendered power, leader voice, sensemaking and learning, organizational identities, psychological contracts, institutional leadership, and “good bureaucracy.”
From Crisis to Enlivenment: An AOM President Responds to EO13769
Authors: Pirson Michael A. , Adler Paul S. , Barney Jay B. , Bartunek Jean M. , Patient David L. , Phillips Nelson , Pitelis Christos N. , Walsh James P.
Published: June 2019

In assembly of short responses, noted scholars—including former presidents of the Academy of Management (AOM)—share their perspectives on the events related to AOM leadership following EO13769. The pieces are reflections on the micro-level aspects of leadership and the ethical and moral choices therein.
Association Between Drug Exposure and Occurrence of Parkinsonism in Korea: A Population-Based Case-Control Study
Authors: Kim Siin , Cheon Sang-Myung , Suh Hae Sun
Published: June 2019

Background: Although drug-induced parkinsonism is reversible in most cases, some patients can suffer from persistent/recurrent symptoms. Therefore, prevention is the most efficient way to manage drug-induced parkinsonism. However, there is a paucity of studies exploring the relationship between parkinsonism and drug exposure. Objective: To examine the association between drug exposure and the risk of parkinsonism using Korean population-based data. Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study using the National Health Insurance Service—National Sample Cohort database. Cases and controls were defined as individuals with and without parkinsonism, respectively, between 2007 and 2013. Cases and controls were matched for sex, age group, income, type of insurance, and Charlson comorbidity index. Drug exposures, including propulsives, antipsychotics, and flunarizine, were identified at 1 year before the first date of parkinsonism and stratified by recency and cumulative dose. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Results: We identified 5496 cases and 5496 controls. ORs for current use group of propulsives, antipsychotics, and flunarizine compared with those of the never use group were 2.812 (95% CI = 2.466-3.206), 3.009 (95% CI = 1.667-5.431), and 4.950 (95% CI = 2.711-9.037), respectively. ORs were greater in those more recently exposed and those exposed to higher cumulative doses. Conclusion and Relevance: At the population level, use of propulsives, antipsychotics, and flunarizine had a significant association with the increased risk of parkinsonism, depending on recency and cumulative dose. Drugs associated with parkinsonism should be used with careful monitoring to prevent drug-induced parkinsonism.
The Personal and Professional Consequences of Physician Burnout: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Williams Eric S. , Rathert Cheryl , Buttigieg Sandra C.
Published: June 2019

The well-being of the health care workforce has emerged as both a major concern and as a component of the “quadruple aim” to enable the “triple aim” of improving patient experiences, reducing costs, and improving population health. Physician burnout is problematic given its effects on physicians, patients, health care organizations, and society. Using conservation of resources theory as a frame, we conducted a systematic review of the empirical literature on the relationship of physician burnout with physician personal and professional outcomes that includes 43 articles. Nine outcomes were organized into three categories illustrating burnout as a dynamic loss spiral rather than a static end-state. Findings show that emotional exhaustion had the greatest impact with the outcomes explored, while depersonalization and lack of professional accomplishment manifested fewer associations. The results suggest that burnout is a complex, dynamic phenomenon, which unfolds over time. Future research and implications of these results are discussed.
The Determinants and Variation of Nursing Home Private-Pay Prices: Organizational and Market Structure
Authors: Huang Sean Shenghsiu , Banaszak-Holl Jane , Yuan Stephanie , Hirth Richard A.
Published: June 2019

Nursing home (NH) care is arguably the most significant financial risk faced by the elderly without long-term care insurance or Medicaid coverage. Annual out-of-pocket expenditures for NH care can easily exceed $70,000. However, our understanding of private-pay prices is limited by data availability. Utilizing a unique data set on NH prices from 2005 through 2010 across eight states, we find that NH price growth has consistently outpaced growth in consumer and medical care prices. After adjusting for geographical and facility differences, for-profit chains charge the lowest prices, independently operated for-profit and nonprofit NHs have similar prices, and nonprofit chains charge the highest prices. Adjusted prices are also likely to be higher when NHs have higher occupancy rates and markets are more concentrated. The significant differences in price across organizational and market structures suggest private-pay prices can be an important factor when evaluating and comparing the value of NH care.
A case report of ganglion cell complex change in incipient nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Kim Jiyeon , Gupta Arvind
Published: June 2019

Background:

Incipient nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is a heavily underdiagnosed ophthalmic condition due to its nature of being asymptomatic. Only a handful of cases have been reported and, therefore, limited information is available in respect to it. To date, incipient nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy has been viewed as threatened nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, which does not cause any symptoms or structural change to the affected eye.

Case presentation:

A 68-year-old female was diagnosed with right incipient nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and left classic nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Despite her right eye remaining asymptomatic, the optical coherence tomography scan of her right macula at her 3-month follow-up appointment showed thinning of retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell complex.

Conclusions:

To our knowledge, this is the first ever case report describing a thinning of ganglion cell complex in a patient with incipient nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. This suggests that contrary to current belief, incipient nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy can result in subclinical structural changes to the affected eye.