bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mini Kompetisi Woodball Sebagai Kegiatan Pengenalan dan Pengembangan Aktivitas Fisik (Olahraga) Bagi Masyarakat Di Pamulang Permai Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Ika Yulianingsih
Published: July 2023

Olahraga Woodball merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga baru yang berkembang mulai tahun 2006. Permainannya yang menyerupai golf ini sangat cocok untuk semua kalangan masyarakat baik dari usia kanak-kanak sampai usia lanjut. Cukup mudah dimainkan dan dapat dimainkan di rumah. Selain dapat menyehatkan, woodball memiliki karakteristik olahraga yang menyenangkan, bersifat rekreasi dan tentunya bersifat prestasi.  Dengan demikian perlu adanya pengenalan bagi masyarakat luas untuk mewujudkan  visi dan misi membangun olahraga dalam masyarakat. Memasyarakatkan olahraga dan mengolahragakan masyarakat melalui cabang olahraga woodball. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk mengenalkan dan mengembangkan aktivitas fisik melalui olahraga woodball kepada masyarakat terutama di wilayah pamulang permai 1, kelurahan pamulang barat, kecamatan pamulang, kota Tangerang Selatan. Metode kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan sosialisasi dan pelaksanaan praktik bermain dengan berkompetisi. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan cukup banyak peserta yang mengikuti mini kompetisi tersebut dari anak-anak junior sampai kategori senior. Harapannya melalui banyak kegiatan kompetisi seperti mini kompetisi tersebut banyak yang tertarik dari kalangan masyarakat dan tentunya untuk mengembangan aktivitas fisik melalui olahraga bagi semua kalangan usia
Analisis Kualitas Air di Sungai Banjarkemantren Area Industri Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran
Authors: Fitrianah Listin , Fawaid Ahmad Sholahudin
Published: July 2023

Aktivitas manusia dan industri menjadi salah satu sumber pencemaran lingkungan perairan. Indeks Pencemaran (IP) dapat digunakan untuk menilai tingkat pencemaran air. Terletak di dekat sektor perumahan dan industri, Sungai Banjarkemantren adalah salah satu dari beberapa sungai di Kecamatan Buduran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan teknik indeks pencemaran pada Sungai Banjarkemantren untuk mengklasifikasikan pencemaran sungai berdasarkan kadar Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan Total Dissolved Solid (TDS). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampling air sungai Banjarkemantren Kecamatan Buduran. Parameter TSS dan TDS menggunakan perhitungan IP untuk mengetahui kategori tingkat pencemaran air Masing-masing kawasan terdapat 5 titik pengambilan sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sungai Banjarkemantren memenuhi baku mutu terhadap parameter TSS dan TDS yang masuk kategori air sungai kelas III. Status mutu berada pada kondisi“Baik” (1,0 <Plj ≤ 5,0).
Model Problem Based Learning dengan Media Power Point untuk Meningkatkan Minat dan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa
Authors: Lastri Fitriatun , Nissa Ita Chairun , Yuliyanti Sri
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model problem-based learning dengan media power point dalam meningkatkan minat dan kemampuan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas XI di MA Plus Nurul Islam Sekarbela. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang memiliki empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan data dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik tes, teknik angket, teknik observasi dan teknik dokumentasi, sedangkan instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah instrumen tes, angket dan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat belajar matematika siswa tergolong tinggi dengan perolehan skor sebesar 80,13% baik pada siklus I maupun siklus II. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa juga mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II yaitu sebesar 45,6% (cukup) menjadi 80,6% (tinggi). Peningkatan minat dan hasil belajar ini didukung oleh rata-rata hasil observasi pembelajaran pada siklus I sebesar 89% (sangat tinggi) yang meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 99,33% (sangat tinggi). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dapat dapat dikatakan bahwa penerapan model Problem Based Learning dengan media Power Point yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan minat dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas XI MIPA di MA Plus Nurul Islam Sekarbela.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Terhadap Kemampuan Koneksi Matematika Siswa SMK Tarbiyatul Qurro’ Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Putri Fitri Liani , Nissa Itha Chairun , Yuliyanti Sri
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kreatif terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah ex post facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah teknik purposive sampling, adapun sampel yang terpilih dalam penelitian ini ialah sebanyak 34 siswa dari kelas X SMK Tarbiyatul Qurro’ Selagalas Kota Mataram. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berbentuk soal uraian yang berjumlah satu butir soal yang mencakup kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan satu butir soal yang mencakup kemampuan koneksi matematika. Tehnik Analisis data yang digunakan ialah Uji T dan regresi linier sederhana. Sebelum melakukan analisis regresi linier harus melakukan uji prasyarat yaitu uji homogenitas, normalitas, dan linieritas. Adapaun uji homogenitas menggunakan uji Fisher.Hasil perhitungan homogenitas menggunakan uji Fisher dengan perhitungan manual didapatkan bahwa F_hitung= 1,116 dan F_tabel  = 1,787. Karena  F_hitung  < F_tabel maka kedua kelompok dikatakan homogen. Hasil persamaan regresi linier sederhana diperoleh Y ̂ = a + bX = 36,892 + 0,725X. Adapun hasil perhitungan uji pengaruh dengan Uji T, diperoleh T_hitung=5,241 dan T_tabel= 2,036 karena T_hitung> T_tabel dengan taraf signifikan 5% maka disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata (signifikan) kemampuan berpikir kreatif terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa.
relações semânticas do processo de comunicação científica e a importância da popularização da ciência para a educação não formal
Authors: Razuck Fernando , Cardoso de Sá Ribeiro Razuck Renata
Published: July 2023

Diretamente vinculada ao processo de educação não formal, este artigo tem por objetivo relacionar a comunicação científica com os diversos termos correlatos, como por exemplo, cultura, disseminação, divulgação, letramento, popularização e vulgarização da ciência (ou científica), levando-se em consideração suas singularidades e relações semânticas. Entretanto, não pretende-se padronizar termos ou dar-lhes uma definição final – tendo em vista a gama de expressões utilizadas para os mais variados fins – mas sim entender a relação e o simbolismo existente entre estes com o público e com a educação científica. Além disso, para se verificar a relevância do processo de comunicação científica na pós-graduação brasileira, foi realizada uma busca na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT) a fim de se identificar a presença de cada um dos termos apresentados. Devido ao fato desta temática estar diretamente relacionada com a educação científica, entende-se a relevância do papel exercido pela comunicação científica, em particular a popularização da ciência, dentro do aspecto educativo, mais precisamente com relação à educação não formal.
Ações de marketing científico digital das revistas vinculadas aos programas de pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação, e em Gestão da Informação, no Brasil
Authors: Araújo Paula Carina de , Nobre Rafael de Souza , Do Carmo Duarte Freitas Maria
Published: July 2023

A publicação de artigos em periódicos científicos possibilita ascensão de cientistas e divulgação do conhecimento produzido no ambiente acadêmico. Este conhecimento ultrapassa as fronteiras das instituições de ensino e pesquisa ao ser compartilhado em plataformas online. A pesquisa objetiva analisar as ações de marketing científico digital de revistas científicas vinculadas aos programas de pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação e/ou em Gestão da Informação, de universidades federais brasileiras, com programas em funcionamento e listados na Plataforma Sucupira.  O estudo tem natureza exploratória, descritiva e documental, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. A coleta de dados contempla sete revistas e suas iniciativas de marketing obtidas de maneira ativa nos websites dos periódicos, e em seus perfis nas seguintes plataformas de divulgação científica: canal no YouTube, programa de podcast, e perfil pessoal ou comercial no Twitter, Instagram e Facebook. Relata que os periódicos concentram quase 80% das ações de marketing em uma única plataforma, onde as revistas possuem menos de 10% de audiência; e não produzem conteúdo para plataformas com crescimento de público, como programa de podcast. Conclui que as ações de marketing dos periódicos carecem de desenvolvimento quanto à periodicidade das publicações; à presença nas principais mídias sociais e plataformas de divulgação científica; e à forma e ao conteúdo das publicações. Estas deficiências são sanáveis a partir da criação e aplicação de um plano de marketing adequado às necessidades de cada periódico.
redes que nos reúnem
Authors: Marteleto Regina Maria
Published: July 2023

Este artigo visa reconstruir o processo de construção da Rede Franco-Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Mediação e Usos Sociais de Saberes e da Informação - Rede Mussi3, uma rede de pesquisadores criada pelo interesse de seus fundadores e participantes em torno do diálogo crítico e do compartilhamento de ideias sobre as questões do campo epistemológico da Ciência da Informação, bem como das condições políticas para a avaliação e o financiamento da pesquisa e o papel das entidades associativas e representativas da comunidade de pesquisadores para a expansão quantitativa e, especialmente qualitativa, deste campo de estudo.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Video Animasi Pembelajaran IPA Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN 14 Ambon
Authors: Susanti Novi , Latuconsina Adam , Asshagab Siti Mutiaraningsih , Mursalin Enggal
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada-tidaknya pengaruh penggunaan media video animasi pembelajaran IPA melalui materi sistem pencernaan manusia terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas VIII SMPN 14 Kota Ambon. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe kuantitatif melalui rancangan pre-eksperimen “one group pretest-posttest design” dengan tujuh kelas VIII tahun ajaran 2021-2022 sebagai populasi 223 orang pada sampel 31 orang dengan kelas VIII-E berdasarkan “random sampling” secara acak dengan metode undian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan partisipan dan test dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil temuan menjelaskan penerimaan hipotesis alternatif dengan nilai rata-rata posttest 75.32 dan hasil nilai dari pretest hanya sebesar 53.06 dengan nilai sig (2-tailed) = 0,023 < 0,05 yang diperoleh dari data variabel bebas 47.60% dan variabel terikat 53.40%, sehingga “ada pengaruh” penggunaan media video animasi pembelajaran IPA melalui materi sistem pencernaan manusia terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas VIII SMPN 14 Kota Ambon.
PROSES PENCIPTAAN MANUSIA DALAM AL QUR’AN DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN ILMU SAINS
Authors: Luthifah Hasna , Fauzia Safira Hayyu , Fatira Viona , Ardi Ardi
Published: July 2023

Ciptaan Allah SWT yang sempurna adalah manusia. Manusia merupakan makhluk yang memiliki berbagai potensi, dibekali keistimewaan akal yang tidak Allah SWT. berikan kepada makhluk lainnya. Sebagai kitab Suci, Al-Qur’an adalah sumber utama informasi, dan hadis adalah penjelasnya. Melalui perkembangan teknologi dan sains isi Kandungan di dalam Al Quran mengenai proses penciptaan manusia, mulai dapat dijelaskan dengan teori-teori ilmiah. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan sebuah tinjau teori tentang bagaimana sebenarnya penciptaan manusia dari presfektif al-qur’an dan hubungannya dengan ilmu sains yang berkembang saat ini. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian literatur review, atau juga dikenal sebagai library research. Dengan melakukan penelitian berbasis literatur review sumber-sumber literatur berupa Al Quran, Jurnal-jurnal yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian. Proses penciptaan manusia di dalam al-Qur’an sejalan dengan para ilmuwan dalam bidang embriologi. Para ilmuwan modern mengakui akan keautentikan dan kandungan yang terdapat di dalam al-Qur’an.
The Effect Of Capital Structure, Profitability and Liquidity on Firm Value With Dividend Policy As A Moderating Variable
Authors: Yuswandani Arafah Esa , Tubastuvi Naelati , Darmawan Akhmad , Rahmawati Ika Yustina
Published: July 2023

Goals of this study are to see if there is an effect of capital structure, profitability and liquidity on firm value by including dividend policy as a moderation variable. In this study, a quantitative approach was chosen. This study’s population includes all companies in the LQ45index from periode 2018-2021 and purposive sampling is used in this research sampling techniques. Multiple regression analysis and the absolute difference test were used in this study. According to the findings of this study, capital structure has no effects on firm alue, profitability has positive effects on firm value, and liquidity has positive effects on firm value, dividend policy as moderation is not able to moderate the effect of capital structure on firm value, dividend policy variable as moderation is unable to moderate the effect of profitability on firm value also liquidity on firm value cannot moderate by dividend policy.
Tanjung Priok Residents’ Concern About Containers In Residential Areas
Authors: Rahmah Reska Aulia , Putri Iftitania Ardelia , Mulyanah Mulyanah
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the level of anxiety of Tanjung Priok residents towards containers in residential areas and how to control anxiety. The present research uses a mixed-method approach by distributing questionnaires to 65 respondents and conducting interviews with 4 residents of Tanjung Priok from different backgrounds. Data analysis techniques used in the quantitative research are descriptive statistics which aim to describe the data, so that researchers have an overview of the data to be used in research. Whereas in qualitative research it is interpreted as an effort to systematically search for and organize records of observations, interviews, and others to increase the researcher's understanding of the cases studied and turn them into findings. The results of this study stated that the anxiety level of Tanjung Priok residents was at the level of severe anxiety. The residents try to reduce their anxiety by increasing their religious patience.
Anayzing Legal Conformity in Buying and Selling Albums and K-Pop Merchandise Based on Islamic Law and Consumer Protection Laws (A Case Study of Mecimashop)
Authors: Ali A.M Hasan , Khoiriah Rif’atul
Published: July 2023

Buying and selling K-Pop (Korean Pop) albums and merchandise can be divided into two systems; the pre-order and the ready stock systems. Both payment systems demand the buyers before getting the merchandises or the albums they order. The differences between both systems are in the availability of the goods and the benefits obtained by the buyers after buying the goods. In this regard, Mecimashop is an online shop that sells K-pop albums and merchandises both systems. This study aims to analyze how Islamic law regulates the practice of buying and selling K-pop albums and merchandises at Mecimashop. In addition, this study analyses the implementation of the Consumer Protection Act in fulfilling consumer rights. The current study uses a descriptive qualitative method. In this regard, obtained data is analyzed based on statutory regulations and legal theories. Then, data is presented in the form of a systematic narrative in order to provide a complete description in order to draw conclusion from the obtained data. The results of the present research show that Mecimashop applies a buying and selling system called a salam contract. Nevertheless, based on the transaction mechanism, Mecimashop does not provide a clear delivery time for the goods. In regards to Islamic law and the consumer protection law, Mecimashop can be considered as unable to comply with the terms and conditions.
Human Health on the Moon and Beyond and the Results of the Spaceflight for Everybody Symposium
Authors: Schneider Victor , Siegel Bette , Allen John R.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:In 2022, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) began launching missions to establish a sustainable human presence on the Moon. One key to success will be maintaining human health. In preparation for longer missions with more diverse crews, the Spaceflight for Everybody Symposium was held to review currently known human spaceflight biomedical knowledge, the future of exploration space medicine, and the ability of NASA to manage the spaceflight human health risks and enable exploration. The symposium highlighted the future of precision health/personalized medicine, the possible spaceflight health acute and lifetime illnesses, and the challenge of identifying appropriate prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and autonomous medical systems for long-duration spaceflight. The symposium was organized to look back at NASA exploration, science, and leadership successes, celebrate NASA women’s leadership, and focus on future Artemis activities, including research and development that will benefit both spaceflight and terrestrial life. NASA current preparations for returning to the Moon have led to increased acknowledgment of the importance of workforce diversity, i.e., to use the best candidate in every work position, including the plan for the first woman and person of color to land on the Moon. NASA is developing plans to use commercial spaceflight research opportunities when the International Space Station is no longer available. Astronaut health decisions will consist of individualized health risk determinations and mitigation strategies and increased medical self-care. Research findings include improved exploration cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and radiation risk reduction and improved interpersonal support for both astronaut crews and mission control personnel.

Schneider V, Siegel B, Allen JR. Human health on the Moon and beyond and the results of the Spaceflight for Everybody Symposium. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(8):634–643.
Sweat Production During Continuous and Interval Aerobic Exercise
Authors: Ryder Jeffrey W. , Crowell J. Brent , Song Hee Jong , Ewert Michael
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:Aerobic exercise within the habitable volume of small spacecraft needed for space exploration beyond low Earth orbit is expected to challenge the capacity of environmental control systems. Moisture control is a primary concern. Crewmembers will contribute moisture to the cabin environment in the form of sweat while exercising. The effects of continuous aerobic exercise for improving and maintaining aerobic capacity is well characterized. Likewise, evidence suggests that high intensity interval exercise for shorter durations is also effective in building and maintaining aerobic capacity.

METHODS: On separate days, measures of sweat and respiratory responses were made for continuous (30 min of steady state exercise at ∼75% of aerobic capacity) and two interval (4 × 4 min, 8 × 30 s) exercise protocols.

RESULTS: We observed that the 4-min and 30-s interval protocols produce 16% and 66% less metabolic water loss vs. the continuous exercise protocol, respectively. These responses were highly correlated with the amount of work performed (R2 = 0.81) and the amount of energy expenditure (R2 = 0.83) during exercise.

DISCUSSION: These results suggest that interval exercise may be a useful alternative to continuous aerobic exercise when metabolic water production is an environmental concern. The results may inform the choices of aerobic exercise countermeasure protocols for use in deep space exploration.

Ryder JW, Crowell JB, Song HJ, Ewert M. Sweat production during continuous and interval aerobic exercise. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(8):623–628.
Layperson Physiological Tolerance and Operational Performance in Centrifuge-Simulated Spaceflight
Authors: Blue Rebecca S. , Ong Karen M. , Ray Kristi , Menon Anil , Mateus Jaime , Auñón-Chancellor Serena , Shah Ronak , Powers William
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Prior study has indicated that individuals of varied age, medical history, and limited-to-no experience tolerate spaceflight conditions. We sought to expand upon the understanding of layperson response to hypergravity conditions expected in commercial spaceflight by exposing subjects, following minimal training, to centrifuge-simulated, high-fidelity commercial spaceflight profiles. We further explored how these individuals perform in simulated operational activities during and following hypergravity.

METHODS: Volunteer subjects participated in up to five centrifuge runs (maximum +4.0 Gz, +4.5 Gx, 6.1 G resultant; onset rate <0.5 Gz · s−1, ≤1 Gx · s−1). Profiles included two winged spacecraft simulations with sequential and combined +Gx/+Gz and two capsule simulations representing nominal +Gx launch and reentry. The final profile simulated a capsule launch abort, with a more dynamic cycling of +Gx exposures and oscillatory multi-axis exposures simulating parachutes and water motion. Touchscreen tablets were used to administer pattern-replication tasks during and after profiles.

RESULTS: A total of 46 subjects participated, including 4 diabetics and 9 with cardiac disease. There was increased frequency of motion sickness, subjectively associated with capsule-type profiles, and increased termination of participation compared to prior studies. There was no association between medical history, age, sex, or motion sickness history and tolerance or noncompletion. Tablet test errors were common; accuracy and time to completion were associated with age. There was no association between any time metric or accuracy and sex.

DISCUSSION: This study improves understanding of layperson tolerance in commercial spaceflight analog conditions, and the capsular profiles broaden the applicability of the findings. The frequency of task errors highlights the potential for mistakes in operational activities when performed by laypersons.

Blue RS, Ong KM, Ray K, Menon A, Mateus J, Auñón-Chancellor S, Shah R, Powers W. Layperson physiological tolerance and operational performance in centrifuge-simulated spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(8):584–595.
Metabolic Syndrome, Hyperlipidemias, and Associated Clinical Markers Among Military Airmen
Authors: Malpica Diego
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Due to the increased overweight and obesity prevalence in Colombia, the aim of this study is to determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Colombian Air Force military aviators, crews, remote piloted aircraft operators, and air traffic controllers and relationships with clinical markers.

METHODS: Operationally active Columbian Air Force military personnel examined periodically at the Colombian Air Force Aerospace Medical Directorate were chosen for a cross-sectional study performed among 2179 subjects. Medical history, anthropometrics, and laboratory results were analyzed and frequencies, correlations, and odds ratios were calculated.

RESULTS: Overall prevalence of MetS was 21.7%; in subjects with BMI ≥25, frequency increased to 36% vs. those with BMI <25. Hypertriglyceridemia was present in 31%, impaired fasting glucose 12.5%, hypertension (≥130/85 mmHg) 14.4%, low HDL-C 35.2%, and increased waist circumference 46.2%. Those with three criteria were 14.6%, four criteria 5.8%, and five criteria 1.2%. Pilots had a significantly lower prevalence of MetS at 17.7% and an adjusted OR of 0.61 (0.49–0.76) than other crew; hyperuricemia was three times more likely (3.2–5.1) and hypercholesterolemia OR was 2.3 (1.9–2.9). Subjects with MetS had a significantly higher fat percentage, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), uric acid, and white blood cell (leukocyte) count, and a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. There is a linear relationship of the AIP and waist circumference, BMI, uric acid, and white blood cell count.

DISCUSSION: MetS prevalence among Colombian Air Force aviators is lower than the general population, higher than other countries, and displays worse lipid profiles that increase cardiovascular and diabetes mellitus risk within the military.

Malpica D. Metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemias, and associated clinical markers among military airmen. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(8):604–609.
Variability in additively manufactured turbine cooling features
Authors: Wildgoose Alexander J. , Thole Karen A.
Published: July 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) allows for the rapid fabrication of complex components relative to conventional fabrication methods aiding in the development and testing of advanced turbine cooling methods. The repeatability of printed geometric features in the same part is required to maintain part quality, flow, and heat transfer. It is widely understood as to the impact that the additional roughness of AM provides with regards to part quality, but part variability also leads to differences in performance either locally in considering a single airfoil or globally when considering an entire stage. Previous studies have shown the importance of certain process parameters, build directions, and feature sizes on the part quality when printing a part using AM. As processes have continued to evolve, other artifacts of AM have arisen such as the location on the build plate. This article highlights the progress that has been made on printing commonly used cooling features by either considering simple straight coupons or a curved vane leading edge. Also discussed is the variability that exists and the resulting convective heat transfer and pressure losses. Results indicate that the variation of roughness between components and the part-to-part variations increased the further the component was from the laser source on the build plate. Similarly, the variation and levels in the pressure loss and heat transfer of the cooling channels also increased when samples were placed further from the laser source on the build plate.
GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR (g-Tg-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES (Tg-SPACES): PART III. GENERALIZED DERIVED (g-Tg-DERIVED) AND GENERALIZED CODERIVED (g-Tg-CODERIVED) OPERATORS
Authors: KHODABOCUS Mohammad Irshad , SOOKIA Noor-ul-hacq , SOMANAH Radhakhrishna Dinesh
Published: July 2023

In a T_g-space T_g = (Ω, T_g), the g-topology T_g : P (Ω) → P (Ω) can be characterized in the generalized sense by the novel g-T_g-derived, g-T_g-coderived operators g-Der_g, g-Cod_g : P (Ω) → P (Ω), respectively, giving rise to novel generalized g-topologies on Ω. In this paper, which forms the third part on the theory of

g-T_g-operators in T_g-spaces, we study the essential properties of g-Der_g, g-Cod_g : P (Ω) → P (Ω) in T_g-spaces. We show that (g-Der_g, g-Cod_g) : P (Ω) × P (Ω) → P (Ω) × P (Ω) is a pair of both dual and monotone g-T_g-operators that is (∅, Ω), (∪, ∩)-preserving, and (⊆, ⊇)-preserving relative to g-T_g-(open, closed) sets. We also show that (g-Der_g, g-Cod_g) : P (Ω) × P (Ω) → P (Ω) × P (Ω) is a pair of weaker and stronger g-T_g-operators. Finally, we diagram various relationships amongst der_g, g-Der_g, cod_g, g-Cod_g : P (Ω) → P (Ω) and present a nice application to support the overall study.
Magnesium sulfate treatment for acute severe asthma in adults—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rovsing Alma Holm , Savran Osman , Ulrik Charlotte Suppli
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Add-on magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) for refractory asthma exacerbation has been much debated. The aim of this review and meta-analysis is, therefore, to provide an update on the current evidence for the efficacy of MgSO4 in exacerbations of asthma in adults refractory to standard of care treatment.

Methods

A systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in the PubMed database (updated April 2023). For the meta-analysis, a random-effects model was applied using the metaphor package for RStudio (RStudio, Inc.).

Results

A total of 17 randomized controlled trials were included. Three of the nine studies addressing treatment with intravenous (IV) MgSO4 found a significant effect on lung function compared to placebo. Of the eight studies investigating hospital admission rate, only two found a significant effect of MgSO4. Six of the nine studies investigating treatment with nebulized MgSO4 compared to placebo found a favorable effect on forced expiratory volume in 1. second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEF). Only two of the five studies investigating the effect on hospital admission rate found an effect of MgSO4. Comparing effect sizes in a meta-analysis revealed a greater effect on PEF in asthma patients treated with nebulized MgSO4 (MD, 23.57; 95% CI, −2.48 to 49.62, p < 0.01) compared to placebo. The analysis of patients treated with i.v. MgSO4 compared to placebo showed no statistically significant difference (MD, 5.49; 95% CI, −18.67 to 29.65, p = 0.10).

Conclusion

Up to two out of three studies revealed an effect of MgSO4 treatment for asthma exacerbation when assessed by FEV1/PEF, but fewer studies were positive for the outcome of hospital admissions.
Impact of Haemonchus contortus infection on feed intake, digestion, liveweight gain, and enteric methane emission from Red Maasai and Dorper sheep
Authors: Mwangi Paul M. , Eckard Richard , Gluecks Ilona , Merbold Lutz , Mulat Daniel G. , Gakige Jesse , Pinares-Patino Cesar S. , Marquardt Svenja
Published: July 2023

A study was conducted with Red Maasai and Dorper lambs to evaluate the effects of infection with the gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) Haemonchus contortus on feed intake, liveweight gain (LWG), feed energy and nitrogen partitioning, and enteric methane (CH4) emissions. Six- to seven-month-old Red Maasai (n=12) and Dorper (n=12) lambs were randomly allocated to three treatments (n=8, four lambs per breed) in a 2×3 factorial cross-over study over two periods (P1 and P2) of 36 days each. The treatments consisted of three combinations of GIN infection and feeding level: Infected + ad libitum feeding (I-adlib), uninfected + ad libitum feeding (Un-adlib), and uninfected + restricted feeding (Un-restd), across the two breeds. Lambs in the I-adlib group were trickle-infected daily with 1,000 L3 stage larvae of H. contortus for four consecutive days (Days 1–4), whereas lambs in the other experimental treatments were kept GIN free. The feed intake was measured daily. Liveweight (LW), faecal egg counts (FEC), and packed cell volume (PCV) were measured on Day 1 and weekly thereafter. On Days 29–33 total faecal and urine outputs were determined in metabolic crates. The lambs were then housed in respiration chambers for three consecutive days (Days 34–36). There was a washout period of 21 days before P2 started. Uninfected lambs (Un-adlib and Un-restd) had undetectable FEC throughout the study. On Day 36, FEC did not differ between the breeds (P>0.05). Infected lambs (I-adlib) had lower PCV than uninfected (Un-adlib and Un-restd) lambs on day 36. Neither breed nor infection influenced feed and nutrient intake, but as expected, restricted-fed lambs had a lower intake (P<0.05). The LWG of Un-adlib lambs was significantly higher than that of I-adlib and Un-restd lambs (P<0.05), whereas there was no breed difference (P>0.05). Neither breed nor infection affected feed digestibility, nitrogen retention or energy metabolisability (P>0.05). However, feed restriction decreased feed intake, LWG and N retention, whereas feed digestibility and energy metabolisability were unaffected. Neither daily CH4 emissions nor yield (per unit of feed intake) were affected by experimental infection, but Un-restd lambs had lower CH4 emissions per day. Red Maasai lambs had consistently lower daily CH4 emissions and yields than Dorper (P<0.01). This study confirmed the relative resistance of indigenous sheep (Red Maasai) to H. contortus infection, but the increased CH4 emission and yield due to GIN observed in other studies was not confirmed. Further investigations are needed to test whether in environments with multiple stress factors, local or indigenous breeds or their crossbreeds with exotic breeds may be better equipped to sustain production and simultaneously have a reduced carbon footprint than purebred exotic breeds.
Assisted reproductive technology outcomes and gene expression in unexplained infertility patients
Authors: Vaigauskaitė-Mažeikienė Brigita , Baušytė Raminta , Valatkaitė Elvina , Maželytė Rūta , Kazėnaitė Edita , Ramašauskaitė Diana , Navakauskienė Rūta
Published: July 2023

Background: Unexplained infertility (UI) can be a frustrating and challenging diagnosis for doctors and couples as it can be difficult to understand why they are unable to conceive despite increasing diagnostic tools. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures have been successfully applied to many couples aiming to overcome UI. However, they can be not only expensive but also require multiple cycles to achieve a successful pregnancy. The endometrium and the follicular fluid have been investigated as target tissues not only to determine the cause of UI but also to increase conception rates.

Results: In this study, we analyzed the outcomes of ART in 223 UI couples and gene expression associated with DNA modification, cell death, immune response and senescence (TET1, TET2, BCL2, BAK1, HMGA2, IL-6, IL-8) in infertile women’s endometrium and follicular fluid. We found significant differences in women who successfully got pregnant compared to women unable to conceive depending on age, duration of infertility, number of retrieved oocytes, zygotes, transferred embryos. Further, the expression of genes BAK1 (pro-apoptotic), TET2 (associated with epigenetic DNA modification) and IL-6 (associated with immune responses) were significantly higher in the endometrium of women who successfully got pregnant.

Conclusion: Younger parental age couples showed higher ART success rates, shorter duration of infertility, higher number of retrieved oocytes, zygotes and transferred embryos. The gene expression analysis revealed significant changes in the endometrium depending on genes associated with cell death and immune response which were upregulated in females with diagnosed unexplained infertility.
Mature iPSC-derived astrocytes of an ALS/FTD patient carrying the TDP43A90V mutation display a mild reactive state and release polyP toxic to motoneurons
Authors: Rojas Fabiola , Aguilar Rodrigo , Almeida Sandra , Fritz Elsa , Corvalán Daniela , Ampuero Estibaliz , Abarzúa Sebastián , Garcés Polett , Amaro Armando , Diaz Iván , Arredondo Cristian , Cortes Nicole , Sanchez Mario , Mercado Constanza , Varela-Nallar Lorena , Gao Fen-Biao , Montecino Martin , van Zundert Brigitte
Published: July 2023

Astrocytes play a critical role in the maintenance of a healthy central nervous system and astrocyte dysfunction has been implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). There is compelling evidence that mouse and human ALS and ALS/FTD astrocytes can reduce the number of healthy wild-type motoneurons (MNs) in co-cultures or after treatment with astrocyte conditioned media (ACM), independently of their genotype. A growing number of studies have shown that soluble toxic factor(s) in the ACM cause non-cell autonomous MN death, including our recent identification of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) that is excessively released from mouse primary astrocytes (SOD1, TARDBP, and C9ORF72) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived astrocytes (TARDBP) to kill MNs. However, others have reported that astrocytes carrying mutant TDP43 do not produce detectable MN toxicity. This controversy is likely to arise from the findings that human iPSC-derived astrocytes exhibit a rather immature and/or reactive phenotype in a number of studies. Here, we have succeeded in generating a highly homogenous population of functional quiescent mature astrocytes from control subject iPSCs. Using identical conditions, we also generated mature astrocytes from an ALS/FTD patient carrying the TDP43A90V mutation. These mutant TDP43 patient-derived astrocytes exhibit key pathological hallmarks, including enhanced cytoplasmic TDP-43 and polyP levels. Additionally, mutant TDP43 astrocytes displayed a mild reactive signature and an aberrant function as they were unable to promote synaptogenesis of hippocampal neurons. The polyP-dependent neurotoxic nature of the TDP43A90V mutation was further confirmed as neutralization of polyP in ACM derived from mutant TDP43 astrocytes prevented MN death. Our results establish that human astrocytes carrying the TDP43A90V mutation exhibit a cell-autonomous pathological signature, hence providing an experimental model to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of the neurotoxic phenotype.
West Nile virus emergence in humans in Extremadura, Spain 2020
Authors: Macias Alicia , Martín Paloma , Pérez-Olmeda Mayte , Fernández-Martínez Beatriz , Gómez-Barroso Diana , Fernández Esperanza , Ramos Julian Mauro , Herrero Laura , Rodríguez Saray , Delgado Elena , Sánchez-Seco Maria Paz , Galán Miguel , Corbacho Antonio Jesús , Jimenez Manuel , Montero-Peña Cristian , Valle Antonio , Vázquez Ana
Published: July 2023

In Spain, the largest human West Nile virus (WNV) outbreak among humans was reported in 2020, constituting the second most important outbreak in Europe that season. Extremadura (southwestern Spain) was one of the affected areas, reporting six human cases. The first autochthonous human case in Spain was reported in Extremadura in 2004, and no other human cases were reported until 2020. In this work, we describe the first WNV human outbreak registered in Extremadura, focusing on the most important clinical aspects, diagnostic results, and control actions which followed. In 2020, from September to October, human WNV infections were diagnosed using a combination of molecular and serological methods (an in-house specific qRT-PCR and a commercial ELISA for anti-WNV IgM and IgG antibodies) and by analysing serum, urine, and/or cerebrospinal fluid samples. Serological positive serum samples were further tested using commercial kits against related flaviviruses Usutu and Tick-borne encephalitis in order to analyse serological reactivity and to confirm the results by neutralisation assays. In total, six cases of WNV infection (five with neuroinvasive disease and one with fever) were identified. Clinical presentation and laboratory findings are described. No viral RNA was detected in any of the analysed samples, but serological cross-reactivity was detected against the other tested flaviviruses. Molecular and serological methods for WNV detection in various samples as well as differential diagnosis are recommended. The largest number of human cases of WNV infection ever registered in Extremadura, Spain, occurred in 2020 in areas where circulation of WNV and other flaviviruses has been previously reported in humans and animals. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance surveillance not only for the early detection and implementation of response measures for WNV but also for other emerging flaviviruses that could be endemic in this area.
MicroRNA expression profile of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in response to coxsackievirus A10 infection reveals a potential role of miR-143-3p in maintaining the integrity of the blood–brain barrier
Authors: Hu Yajie , Cui Fengxian , Wang Shenglan , Liu Chen , Zhang Shengxiong , Wang Ruiqi , Song Jie , Zhang Yunhui
Published: July 2023

Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) has been one of the main etiologies of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) epidemics in recent years and can cause mild to severe illness and even death. Most of these severe and fatal cases were closely associated with neurological impairments, but the potential mechanism of neuropathological injury triggered by CV-A10 infection has not been elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), implicated in the regulation of gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner, play a vital role in the pathogenesis of various central nervous system (CNS) diseases; therefore, they serve as diagnostic biomarkers and are emerging as novel therapeutic targets for CNS injuries. To gain insights into the CV-A10-induced regulation of host miRNA-processing machinery, we employed high-throughput sequencing to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in CV-A10-infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and further analyzed the potential functions of these miRNAs during CV-A10 infection. The results showed that CV-A10 infection could induce 189 and 302 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs in HUVECs at 24 and 72 hpi, respectively, compared with the uninfected control. Moreover, the expression of four selected miRNAs and their relevant mRNAs was determined to verify the sequencing data by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR) methods. After that, gene target prediction and functional annotation revealed that the targets of these dysregulated miRNAs were mostly enriched in cell proliferation, signal transduction, cAMP signalling pathway, cellular response to interleukin-6, ventral spinal cord interneuron differentiation, negative regulation of glial cell differentiation, neuron migration, positive regulation of neuron projection development, etc., which were primarily involved in the processes of basic physiology, host immunity, and neurological impairments and further reflected vital regulatory roles of miRNA in viral pathogenicity. Finally, the construction of a miRNA-regulated network also suggested that the complex regulatory mechanisms mediated by miRNAs might be involved in viral pathogenesis and virus–host interactions during CV-A10 infection. Furthermore, among these dysregulated miRNAs, miR-143-3p was demonstrated to be involved in the maintenance of blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity.
Subliminal voices: barriers to healthcare and proposed interventions by international students and their families at a large research university in the Midwest
Authors: Sen Soumitro
Published: July 2023

Despite the vast numbers of international students in the U.S. as well as their contribution to the economy, their voices are rarely heard within the discursive spaces of the American academe. This study takes a step toward filling that gap and seeks to open up a platform where married, international graduate students at a large Midwestern university could communicate, in particular, the barriers they faced while accessing healthcare facilities for their families. Using a culture-centered approach to health communication, through focus groups and in-depth interviews, this study provides a discursive space where 22 international students and spouses articulate vivid narratives of the problems they encountered while negotiating the American healthcare system, revealing a basic issue of unaffordability of students' spousal health insurance, accompanied by a dire need for better communication between international students and the university, with there being a need for the latter to better explain to international students a healthcare system that is new to them, as well as communicating with them, with better clarity, the available healthcare options for them and their spouses. The participants also proposed interventions to redress the problems, including the need for better dissemination of information regarding healthcare.
Relating polar bears killed, human presence, and ice conditions in Svalbard 1987–2019
Authors: Vongraven D. , Amstrup S. C. , McDonald T. L. , Mitchell J. , Yoccoz N. G.
Published: July 2023

Conflicts between humans and polar bears have been predicted to increase as polar bear prime habitat, sea ice, is decreasing. In Svalbard, a strict protection and control schemes have secured near complete records of bears killed and found dead since 1987. We analyzed the trend in the number of kills and related this to human visitation to the archipelago. We found a slight decrease in the number of kills in the period 1987-2019, and a decrease in per capita number of kills when monthly kills were compared to the monthly number of visitors disembarking in the main settlement. We then used a discrete choice resource selection model to assess whether polar bear kill events are related to attributes of the kill sites and environmental conditions at the time. We divided Svalbard in four sectors, North, East, South, and West, and monthly average ice cover was calculated in 25-km rings around Svalbard, rings that were further delineated by the four sectors. We found that the odds of a kill was greater along the shoreline, and that the odds would be reduced by 50% when moving only 900 m from the shoreline when all sectors were included. Distance from other covariates like settlements, trapper’s cabins, and landing sites for tourists did for the most part not have a significant impact on the odds of a kill. Sectorwise, ice cover had no significant impact on the odds for a kill. The decreasing trend in kills of polar bears might partly be explained by the success of strict protection and management regimes of Svalbard wilderness.
Visceral adipose tissue and residual cardiovascular risk: a pathological link and new therapeutic options
Authors: Cesaro Arturo , De Michele Gianantonio , Fimiani Fabio , Acerbo Vincenzo , Scherillo Gianmaria , Signore Giovanni , Rotolo Francesco Paolo , Scialla Francesco , Raucci Giuseppe , Panico Domenico , Gragnano Felice , Moscarella Elisabetta , Scudiero Olga , Mennitti Cristina , Calabrò Paolo
Published: July 2023

Obesity is a heterogeneous disease that affects almost one-third of the global population. A clear association has been established between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, CVD risk is known to be related more to the local distribution of fat than to total body fat. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in particular has a high impact on CVD risk. This manuscript reviews the role of VAT in residual CV risk and the available therapeutic strategies for decreasing residual CV risk related to VAT accumulation. Among the many pathways involved in residual CV risk, obesity and particularly VAT accumulation play a major role by generating low-grade systemic inflammation, which in turn has a high prognostic impact on all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction. In recent years, many therapeutic approaches have been developed to reduce body weight. Orlistat was shown to reduce both weight and VAT but has low tolerability and many drug-drug interactions. Naltrexone-bupropion combination lowers body weight but has frequent side effects and is contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Liraglutide and semaglutide, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, are the latest drugs approved for the treatment of obesity, and both have been shown to induce significant body weight loss. Liraglutide, semaglutide and other GLP-1 agonists also showed a positive effect on CV outcomes in diabetic patients. In addition, liraglutide showed to specifically reduce VAT and inflammatory biomarkers in obese patients without diabetes. GLP-1 agonists are promising compounds to limit inflammation in human visceral adipocytes.