bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Creating Habilitation Programs for Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Marianian A. Yu. , Molchanova E. V. , Akudovich N. V. , Kalkova A. N.
Published: June 2021

Aim of the study: to analyze the data of studies aimed at studying and substantiating the urgent need to create in Russia comprehensive habilitation programs for people with fetal alcohol syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and other mental disorders.

Methods. The results of Russian and foreign studies have been analyzed concerning the following problems: observation and diagnosis of people with fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; studying the experience of foreign countries in addressing issues of prevention and overcoming of fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; studying the experience of Russian specialists (obstetricians-gynecologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, correctional teachers, etc.) working with the diagnosis of “Alcohol syndrome in the fetus”; assessing the socio-economic impact of organizing programs for the prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders by comparison with similar indicators in other countries.

Results. The presented analysis of the data indicates that there is an urgent need for timely diagnosis of the disease, the search/creation of new drugs, for the treatment of the consequences of alcohol syndrome and the organization of training of specialists in this area. The article shows the importance of providing lifelong medical and social assistance to people with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, as well as to their families. The effectiveness of the creation of a system of measures for the prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders throughout the country has been confirmed.

Conclusion. The development at the state level and implementation of prevention programs will significantly reduce the birth rate of children diagnosed with “Alcohol syndrome in the fetus” and, thus, reduce the costs of the state and society on overcoming the consequences of FAS/FASD. At the same time, timely and well-organized habilitation of people with FAS/FASD will significantly improve the social situation in society as a whole, as well as reduce the psychological burden on every family faced with this problem.
Experimental Modeling of Combined and Sequential Use of Transosseous and Intramedullary Blocking Osteosynthesis
Authors: Shchepkina E. A. , Lebedkov I. V. , Netylko G. I. , Solomin L. N. , Trushnikov V. V. , Vershinin D. M.
Published: June 2021

Background. The introduction of the combined and sequential application of transosseous and intramedullary blocked osteosynthesis in limb lengthening requires an experimental study of the features of distraction regenerate. For small animals (in particular rabbits), special models are required.

Aims. To develop experimental models of sequential and combined use of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis in limb lengthening and substantiate their effectiveness.

Materials and methods. A comparative study was carried out on 30 rabbits of the Soviet Chinchilla breed. Experimental models of sequential (EM-1) and combined (EM-2) application of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis with preservation of the apparatus during the fixation period to simulate blockage were studied in the main groups. For comparison, sequential (comparison model 1 – CM-1) and combined (comparison model 2 – CM-2) use of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis with dismantling of the apparatus at the end of distraction were modeled. The control was a regenerate formed according to the classical Ilizarov method. Radiographs were performed in dynamics, CT and morphological studies – at the end of the fixation period.

Results. It was noted that regenerates of the same type in structure were formed in the EM-1 and CM-1 groups, as in the EM-2 and CM-2 groups. With successive methods, the spindle-shaped form of the regenerate prevailed, the formation of a pronounced periosteal component was noted. Powerful cortical plates, according to morphological studies, are formed from the periosteal and intermediate zones. With combined techniques, the cortical plates are formed thinner and predominantly from the periosteal component, the shape of the regenerate is closer to fusiform. In the comparison groups, the total time of surgical interventions was 25–50 % longer, in 50 % of cases there was a loss of length or deformation of the regenerate.

Conclusions. The developed models of sequential and combined use of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis for limb lengthening with preservation of fixation with an apparatus to simulate blocking have proven to be reliable in terms of fixation and easy to use on small laboratory animals..
Metabolic Syndrome: the Influence of Adipokines on the L-Arginine-NO Synthase-Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
Authors: Kuznetsova L. A.
Published: June 2021

Metabolic syndrome includes the following symptoms: obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the role of adipokines in the regulation of the L-arginine-NO-synthas-NO signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. The main questions raised in the review are: how adipokine secretion changes, how the level of their receptors is regulated, and which signaling pathways are involved in the transmission of adipokine signals when coupled to the L-arginine-NO-synthase-NO signaling cascade. Adipokines are peptide hormones that transmit a signal from adipose tissue to targets in the brain, blood vessels, liver, pancreas, muscles, and other tissues. Some adipokines have anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitive effects: adiponectin, omentin, adipolin, chemerin, progranulin. Others have the negative inflammatory effect in the development ofmetabolic syndrome: visfatin, vaspin, apelin. Adipokines primarily regulate the expression and activity of endothelial NO-synthase. They either activate an enzyme involving 5-AMP protein kinase or Akt kinase, increasing its activity and synthesis of NO in the tissues of healthy patients: adiponectin, adipolin, omentin, or inhibit the activity of eNOS, which leads to a decrease in NO-synthase and suppression of mRNA bioavailability: vaspin, visfatin, apelin in metabolic syndrome, and a decrease in its activity leads to dissociation and endothelial dysfunction. It should be noted that the bioavailability of NO formed by NO-synthase is affected at many levels, including: the expression ofNO-synthase mRNA and its protein; the concentration of L-arginine; the level of cofactors of the reaction; and to detect the maximum activity of endothelial NO-synthase, dimerization of the enzyme is required, posttranslational modifications are important, in particular, phosphorylation of endothelial NO-synthase by serine 1177 with the participation of 5-AMP protein kinase, Akt kinase and other kinases. It should be noted that the participation of adiponectin, omentin, and kemerin in the regulation of the L-arginine-NO-synthase-NO cascade in metabolic syndrom opens up certain opportunities for the development of new approaches for the correction of disorders observed in this disease. The review analyzes the results of research searching in PubMed databases, starting from 2001 and up to 2020 using keywords and adipokine names, more than half of the references of the last 5 years.
Von contemplatio zu actio. Das Christentum nicht als Privatsache, sondern als Ausdruck von Mit-den-anderen-zu-sein bei Johann Baptist Metz
Authors: Juhás Vladimír
Published: June 2021

This study is a pastoral and theological text. It presents the concept of Christianity and Christian identity, according to John Baptist Metz. The article is divided into three main parts. After a short presentation of the German theologian, the first part discusses the necessity of de-privatization of religion, which is necessary in order that the experience of the world would become the experience of believers. The second part is a challenge to combine contemplatio with actio. Consequently, the third part presents the Christian identity as an actio, warning against the private, passive, and bourgeois religion.
Una Persona in tre Persone. La teologia trinitaria in Sergej Bulgakov
Authors: Kowalczyk Dariusz
Published: June 2021

Teologia trynitarna Sergieja Bułhakowa jest w gruncie rzeczy rozwinięciem dwóch biblijnych stwierdzeń: „Bóg jest Duchem” i „Bóg jest miłością”. Bycie Duchem, i to Duchem absolutnym, oznacza, że Bóg jest absolutnym Ja, absolutną Osobą. A skoro tak, to Bóg ma w sobie także Ty, On, My, Wy. Ja nie może bowiem istnieć bez Ty. Objawienie dane nam w Jezusie Chrystusie pozwala powiedzieć, że owa pełnia relacji realizuje się między Ojcem, Synem i Duchem Świętym. Stąd dla Bułhakowa Bóg jest Ja w trzech Ja czy też Osobą w trzech Osobach. Innymi słowy, Bóg jest Duchem absolutnym trój-hipostatycznym. Nasz autor przeciwstawia się tradycji, która wyprowadza doktrynę o Trójcy z pochodzeń wewnątrztrynitarnych rozumianych przyczynowo. W konsekwencji odrzuca koncepcję Boga Ojca jako odwiecznej przyczyny Syna i Ducha. Monarchia Ojca nie polega na byciu pierwszą przyczyną, ale na samoobjawianiu się w dwóch innych Hipostazach. Drugie stwierdzenie, tj. „Bóg jest miłością”, Bułhakow rozumie jako przede wszystkim ontologiczne, to znaczy wyrażające wewnętrzne życie Trójcy. Ponadto formułuje aksjomat ontologii miłości: nie ma miłości bez ofiary (kenozy) i nie ma miłości bez radości (błogosławieństwa). Także miłość w Bogu jest kenotyczna. Każda Osoba umniejsza siebie, aby dać „przestrzeń” innym Osobom. Jednocześnie kenoza jest przezwyciężana w radości odnalezienia siebie w jedności z innymi Osobami. Kenotyczne relacje między Boskimi Hipostazami mają swoją treść, zawartość, czyli to, co nazywamy Bożą naturą, życiem intratrynitarnym. Boska natura nie jest – podkreśla Bułhakow – jakąś statyczną wielkością, w której partycypują Osoby Boskie, ale jednym, trójhipostatcznym życiem, polegającym na manifestowaniu się Ojca, Syna i Ducha w wewnętrznym Bożym życiu (Sofia niestworzona) i na manifestowaniu się w nie-Bogu, czyli w stworzeniu (Sofia stworzona). Ta sofiologiczna perspektywa zmierza ku pokazaniu, że Trójca Przenajświętsza istnieje nie tylko w swej transcendencji, ale także w świecie i w człowieku, natomiast stworzenie istnieje nie obok Boga, ale w Bogu (panenteizm).
Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa paradisiaca) Menurunkan Kadar AST pada Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Diet Tinggi Lemak
Authors: HUSODO STEFANUS DJONI , RAHAYU INDRI NGESTI , KUMALA ASAMI RIETTA
Published: June 2021

Background. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) causes many health problems in overweight person. There is an increase in the incidence of NAFLD with the increased incidence of metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is closely related to the incidence of obesity and dyslipidemia. Increased levels of AST and ALT are the most frequently performed liver function tests that can be used as a benchmark for suspicion of NAFLD. Banana peels contain flavonoids and phenolics which are antioxidants that can function as hepatoprotectors.

Aim. Proving the effect of Kepok banana peel extract (Musa paradisiaca formatypica) on AST and ALT of Wistar rats induced high fat diet.

Method. A laboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design, with four treatment groups. There is one negative control group only given four weeks standard diet, one positive control group only given four weeks high-fat diet, and two treatment group where the rats were given two weeks high-fat diet then were given two weeks high-fat diet plus Kepok banana peel extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW.

Result. Based on the results of descriptive analysis, the highest mean AST levels were in the negative control group and the lowest was the K2 group. Meanwhile, the highest mean of ALT was in the positive control group and the lowest was the K2 group. Based on the Kruskal Wallis test, the significance of the AST variable was not different (p>0.05), but the ALT variable was significantly different (p<0.05). Significant differences from the Mann Whitney-U test (p<0.05) were obtained between the negative control group and the positive control, the negative control group with K2 and the positive control group with the K2 group).

Conclusion. The administration of Kepok banana peel extract (Musa paradisiaca formatypica) showed a significant decrease in ALT levels in Wistar strain white rats induced by a high-fat diet, but it was not significant for AST levels.
BAŞLANGIÇTAN RÖNESANS'A AŞAĞI VE YÜCE BİR MESLEK: OYUNCULUK
Authors: YILDIRIM Erdal
Published: June 2021

Oyun, insandan önce var olan bir olgudur. İlkel ya da modern insan, hayatının birçok yerinde oyun eylemine başvurmuştur. Aslında her insan birer oyuncudur. Eylem olan oyunun sanat olarak oyunculuğa dönüşmesiyle birlikte, öznesi ve nesnesi insan olan bu sanat, toplumla kurduğu dolayımsız bağ ve gerçeği yansıtma mottosuyla, insana en yakın ve en popüler sanat olma konumuna erişmiştir. Popüler bir sanat olması, birçok aktörün ya da aktrisin çok geniş kitlelerce beğenilmesi, gençlerin bir gün keşfedilip yıldız olma hayalini kurması, tiyatroda ya da ekranlarda oyuncuları görebilmek için salonların dolması, bu sanat hakkında bilinenlerle doğru orantılı bir episteme değildir. Dışarıdan en az bilinen bir meslektir oyunculuk. Kendi iç dinamikleri içinde icrası zor, meşakkatli ve çok fazla özveri isteyen bir sanat koludur. Bu makalede oyunculuk sanatının ontolojisi, var olabilme mücadelesi, başlangıcından Rönesans’a değer ve mesleki itibar noktasında inişli çıkışlı, daha çok inişli bir grafiğe sahip olmasına rağmen, yersiz ve yurtsuz bir şekilde varlığını idame ettirebilme süreci oyun-yaşam ilintisi bağlamında incelenecektir.
Legal Review Enforcement Repressive Legal Efforts Against Narcotics Users Of Children
Authors: Risano Alfredo , Ningtias Ayu Dian
Published: June 2021

In terms of enforcement the law. Second, legal instruments in the framework of criminal law enforcement abuse of narcotics against minors using a legal basis Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Criminal Justice System for Children. In the the provisions of the SPPA Law, in order to prosecute children who are involved with the law, then a diversion effort is carried out, namely a restorative effort or recovery state solve the problem together, in this research is focous about How are repressive legal measures against child narcotics users in under age?. As previously explained, in act Number 11 In 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, there is a restorative principle (Restorative justice), which is aimed at restoring the original state, meaning efforts to restore the attitudes and mentality of children who have committed acts the crime of narcotics abuse to be as before or as a cure for the criminal act he has committed. Of course, the provisions of the Narcotics Law are not sidelined even though his repressive legal remedies are based on the provisions of law SPPA.
ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN MEVSİMLER KONUSUNDAKİ ANLAYIŞLARININ İNCELENMESİ: BİR KARMA YÖNTEM ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: BİRGİN Aytekin , ÖZCAN Hasan
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin mevsimlerin oluşumu konusundaki anlayışlarını bütünleştirici karma yöntem kullanarak karşılaştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda önce nicel veriler, sonra nitel veriler son olarak da birleştirilmiş veriler incelenmiştir. Araştırma 2020–2021 öğretim yılının ilk yarısında İç Anadolu illerinden birinde toplam 7 okulda öğrenim gören ve “mevsimlerin oluşumu” konusuna ilişkin öğrenme sürecini tamamlamış sekizinci sınıf öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel veriler için çoktan seçmeli 27 sorudan oluşan geçerliği ve güvenirliği sağlanmış bir başarı testi geliştirilmiştir. Nitel veriler için ise uzman görüşlerine başvurularak öğrenci çizimleri ve açıklamalarından yararlanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin çoktan seçmeli test puanlarının (%46,7), çizimlerinden elde edilen puanlarına (%38) göre daha yüksek olduğu izlenmekle birlikte aynı konulardaki başarı puanları paralel olarak artmış veya azalmıştır. Nicel ve nitel veriler incelendiğinde katılımcıların yetersiz bilgiye sahip oldukları veya yanılgı yaşadıkları kısmın; Dünya’nın hareketleri, eksen eğikliği ve uzaklık teorisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Evrenin üç boyutu birlikte düşünüldüğünde, öğrencilerin mevsimlerin modelini, genellikle aynı bakış açısıyla çizdikleri saptanmıştır. Farklı bakış açıları kullanılarak hazırlanan sorularda ise zorlandıkları görülmüştür. Buradan hareketle ders kitapları ve öğretim etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin zihinlerinde oluşturduğu parçaları birleştirmede yetersiz kaldığı söylenebilir. Öğretim materyallerinde, evrenin farklı noktalarından görünümlerini içeren karşılaştırmalı çizimlere yer verilmesinin konu ile ilgili anlayışları geliştirmede fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
DIŞSALLIKLA MÜCADELEDE DÜZENLEYİCİ VE DENETLEYİCİ KURUMLARIN ROLÜ: RTÜK ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: AKYILDIZ Songül , ÖZBAY Filiz
Published: June 2021

Dışsallık, bir ekonomik birimin üretim veya tüketim faaliyetinden dolayı ortaya çıkan fayda ve kayıpların üçüncü kişiler üzerindeki etkisi olarak tanımlanabilir. Düzenleyici ve denetleyici kurumlar özellikle enerji, telekomünikasyon, finans gibi ekonominin hassas olduğu ve uzmanlık gerektirdiği sektörlerde faaliyet göstermekte ve uyulacak kuralları belirlemektedir. Bu alanlar arasında RTÜK, doğrudan piyasa ekonomisinin düzenlenmesi ile ilgili olmadığı için ayrı bir öneme sahiptir.

RTÜK tarafından, radyo ve televizyonlarda yayınlanan programlara yönelik olarak ve toplumsal menfaatler göz önünde bulundurularak bazı kararlar alındığı görülmektedir. Bu kararlar, bazen toplumda olumsuz etki oluşturabilecek programların negatif dışsallıklarının önlenmesi şeklinde olabileceği gibi, yayınlanması ile topluma fayda sağlayan programların, belirli kurallar dâhilinde teşvik edilmesiyle pozitif dışsallığın yayılmasını sağlamak şeklinde de olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada RTÜK tarafından hazırlanan projelerin ve alınan kararların dışsallık ile mücadelesi betimsel bir metot ile incelenmektedir.
TÜRKİYE’DE EDEBİYAT TEMELLİ SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETİMİ BİBLİYOGRAFYASI
Authors: ÖZTÜRK DEMİRBAŞ Çağrı , YILDIRIM Ayşenur
Published: June 2021

Edebiyat ve sosyal bilgiler ilişkisi geçmiş yıllardan beri literatürde var olmasına rağmen, konu olarak edebiyat temelli sosyal bilgiler öğretimi üzerine yapılan çalışmaların son yıllarda artış gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de sosyal bilgiler dersi ile edebi ürün ilişkisini konu edinmiş Türkçe çalışmaların analizini yaparak bir bibliyografyasını oluşturmaktır. Çalışma, nitel bir araştırma olup durum çalışması modelinde desenlenmiştir. Sosyal bilgiler ve edebiyat ilişkisini konu alan yüksek lisans tezi, doktora tezi, makale, kitap/kitap bölümü ve USBES (Uluslararası Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Sempozyumu) bildiri çalışmaları araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Veriler doküman incelemesi yoluyla elde edilmiş olup toplamda 193 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında ulaşılan çalışmalar yayım türü, yayım yılı, çalışmalarda kullanılan edebi tür, araştırma yöntem-model/deseni, örneklem türü, veri toplama araçları, veri analiz yöntemi olmak üzere 7 temada incelenmiş ve çalışmaların yıllara göre alfabetik sıralaması yapılmıştır. İçerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan analiz sonucuna göre 75 makale, 68 yüksek lisans tezi, 28 bildiri, 12 kitap/kitap bölümü, 10 doktora tezi yapılmıştır ve araştırma kapsamında bu konuya en az doktora tezlerinde yer verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmaların en çok 2017 yılında yapıldığı, çalışmalarda en fazla hikaye/öykü edebi türünün kullanıldığı, en fazla öğrencilerle çalışmalar yapıldığı, daha çok nitel araştırma yaklaşımının tercih edildiği ve buna bağlı olarak verileri toplamada ve verilerin analizinde nitel yöntemlerin daha fazla kullanıldığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
KÜLTÜREL UNSURLARIN AKTARIMI BAĞLAMINDA AHMET ÜMİT’İN İSTANBUL HATIRASI ADLI ROMANININ ALMANCA TERCÜMESİYLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Edanur , KALKAN Hasan Kazım
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmada, Ahmet Ümit’in polisiye roman türündeki “İstanbul Hatırası” adlı eserinin içerisinde yer alan kültürel unsurların, çevirmen tarafından erek dile nasıl aktarıldığı üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu çalışmada güdülen temel amaç, kültüre özgü terimlerin erek dile aktarımının, özellikle edebi metin çevirmenleri açısından çok zorlu bir süreç olduğuna dikkat çekmek ve çevirmenin, bu terimleri aktarırken aldığı çeviri kararlarına ilişkin eleştirel bir bakış açısı sunmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, kültüre özgü terimlerin erek dile aktarımında çevirmenin, Vinay & Darbelnet’in ve Peter Newmark’ın önerdikleri çeviri yöntemlerinden hangilerini ağırlıklı olarak kullanmayı tercih ettiği yönünde tespitlerde bulunulmuştur. Buna ek olarak, kültürel terimlerin erek dile aktarımında çevirmen tarafından ağırlıklı olarak tercih edilen çeviri yöntemlerinden hareketle, çevirmenin tercümesinde Lawrence Venuti’nin “Yerlileştirme” ve “Yabancılaştırma” stratejilerinden hangisini baskın olarak benimsediği ortaya konulmuştur. Bundan başka, kültürel terimlerin tercümelerine ilişkin yapılan kapsamlı analizlerden ve yorumlardan hareketle, çevirmenin, ilgili romanın Almanca tercümesinde erek kültür odaklı mı yoksa kaynak kültür odaklı mı bir yaklaşım içerisinde bulunduğu, görünür mü yoksa görünmez mi olmayı tercih ettiği de saptanmıştır.
Multimedia Educational Programmes in the Process of Teaching English: Implementation Experience at Secondary School
Authors: Karimova Anna Anatolyevna , Khasanova Oxana Vladimirovna , Zagidullina Gulnaz Foatovna
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to provide theoretical justification and to conduct experimental testing of multimedia effectiveness in creating foreign-language environment in the process of developing all the types of speech activity. The article examines experience of implementing multimedia educational programmes in the process of teaching English at the senior stage of secondary school using the city of Kazan as an example. Scientific novelty of the study lies in a proposed classification of modern multimedia technologies which to a great extent facilitates the choice of resources in the process of teaching English at secondary school. As a result of a pedagogical experiment, it is proved that multimedia technologies increase effectiveness of developing the level of proficiency in all the types of speech activity in schoolchildren at the senior stage of education.
Non-Linguistic Students’ Satisfaction with Level-Based Foreign Language Teaching (by the Example of South Ural State University)
Authors: Levina Irina Alexandrovna , Kolegova Irina Alexandrovna , Kiryakova Elena Maratovna , Ponomareva Elena Pavlovna
Published: June 2021

The paper aims to identify the level of non-linguistic students’ satisfaction with level-based foreign language teaching on the basis of the blended learning model. The article examines the key aspects of the blended learning approach, emphasizes the role of the individual learning style, substantiates the necessity to take into account the initial level of first-year bachelors’ foreign-language competence. The authors analyse efficiency of level-based teaching, examine its influence on developing non-linguistic students’ foreign-language communicative competence, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. As a result, it is proved that the blended learning method helps to improve level-based learning outcomes, satisfies students’ educational needs.
Formation of Students’ Communication Skills Using Video Materials during Russian Classes
Authors: Olesova Antonina Petrovna , Burtseva Dayaana Ruslanovna
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to produce a set of methodological techniques based on the use of video materials to form students’ communication skills during Russian classes. The article considers definitions and classifications of communication skills, audio-visual teaching tools, in particular video materials, their didactic potential for activating students’ speech activity. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the researchers have identified ways of improving work on development of schoolchildren’s oral monologic, dialogic, written coherent speech with involvement of video materials in the process of teaching Russian. As a result, an author’s definition of communication skills is given, step-by-step work with video materials (public service announcements, feature film clips) using the proposed set of methodological techniques in order to form students’ communication skills during Russian classes is presented.
Development of the Russian System of Additional Education - Historical Parallels
Authors: Dyachin Aleksey Sergeyevich
Published: June 2021

The research aims to carry out a comparative analysis of the system of schoolchildren’s additional education in the Soviet Union in the late 50s - early 60s and in modern Russia. The paper pays special attention to establishing a logical link between the key aspects of additional education: priority areas, delivery of social services under the government social-sector procurement, an individual’s socialisation. The main normative documents regulating activity of institutions of additional education during the chosen time periods are considered and analysed. Scientific novelty of the research lies in comparing schoolchildren’s additional education in the USSR in the late 1950s - early 1960s with that of the present time from the viewpoint of educational process organisation and social services delivery under the government and society social-sector procurement rather than basing on the ideological aspect. The research findings show that educational process organisation in institutions of additional education in the 1950s and 1960s has not lost its relevance but has been modernised and adapted to the contemporary conditions.
Future Lawyer’s Discursive Skills Formation in Cross-Cultural Environment of Non-Linguistic University
Authors: Kurgaeva Olga Leonidovna , Sorokovykh Galina Viktorovna
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the linguo-didactic potential of the cross-cultural environment of a non-linguistic university for ensuring the process of forming discursive skills for interacting with representatives of different cultures in students pursuing a degree in “Civil Law”. The article presents the authors’ argumentation of a future lawyer’s cross-cultural foreign-language discursive skills, which are formed on the basis of individual strategies for teaching a foreign language for specific purposes. Scientific novelty of the study consists in providing theoretical substantiation and creating a model for a future lawyer’s cross-cultural foreign-language discursive skills formation on the basis of individualised support development, in working out an original “Menu Card”, through which the said skills of a future specialist in the field of civil law are formed. As a result, the researchers have proved a future civil lawyer’s individualised support effectiveness, taking into account the selected personal “Menu Card”, developed and implemented in educational practice.
Exercises for Mastering Means of the English Language by Primary School Children on the Basis of Non-Speech Activities
Authors: Kulikova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to present a series of exercises for mastering phonetic, lexical and grammatical means of foreign language speech in game, creative and cognitive activity of first-form pupils. The article analyses relationship and mutual influence of speech and non-speech activity on primary schoolchildren’s communicative development. The study is focused on working out exercises that ensure actualisation of language and speech material for the purpose of communicative acquisition of a foreign language by children aged 6-7. Scientific novelty lies in developing a series of exercises aimed at formation and development of auditory-articulatory skills, ability to form and formulate independent speech by expanding first-form pupils’ active basic grammar and vocabulary. As a result, the author proposes exercises in non-speech, game and integrated (cognitive) activity that contribute to communicative and cognitive development and formation of the learning and cognitive ability of children aged 6-7.
Mad Marx? Rethinking Emotions, Euroscepticism and Nationalism in the Populist Left
Authors: Eklundh Emmy
Published: June 2021

Much attention has been devoted to how right-wing populists in Europe challenge the consensus on the benefits of European integration, but left-wing resistance to the EU is less discussed. Existing analyses tend to distinguish between three constructions of political community: a postnational EU, the populist right invoking national sovereignty, and the populist left invoking popular sovereignty. However, empirical analyses struggle to find consensus on how left populists relate to the EU, and if they invoke claims to national or popular sovereignty. This article argues that this empirical impasse stems from that populism and Euroscepticism are performative categories and not simply analytical tools, and serve to produce exclusion. There are two dichotomies in this exclusionary frame: emotional populists/rational EU, and the postnational EU/nationalist populists. Through an analysis of Podemos in Spain and the UK Labour Party under Jeremy Corbyn, I show how the lines between the postnational EU, the national sovereign, and the popular sovereign are frailer than previously thought. The article concludes that these categories are less analytically astute than they are politically motivated, and analyses of the populist left in Europe must consider the performative dimension of its key terms.
The EU as a Choice: Populist and Technocratic Narratives of the EU in the Brexit Referendum Campaign
Authors: Brusenbauch Meislová Monika
Published: June 2021

The article investigates the main populist and technocratic narratives employed in the campaign in the run-up to the 2016 British EU referendum.  Based on a qualitative dataset comprising 40 selected speeches, interviews and other public interventions by prominent Leave and Remain protagonists and adopting the general orientation of the Discourse Historical Approach in Critical Discourse Analysis, the paper discusses how the language of the Remain and Leave camps bore signs of both populist and technocratic discourses. The key argument developed in this article is that while, at the most general level, the populist rhetoric was discursively appropriated by the Leave campaign (with the key narratives of the EU as a failure, EU as an oppressor and of anti-establishment fury) and the technocratic rhetoric by the Remain campaign (with the key narratives of the EU as a tool, the single market benefits and the withdrawal economic effects), the Remain side displayed a lower degree of narrative consistency.
From ‘Brexhaustion’ to ‘Covidiots’: the UK United Kingdom and the Populist Future
Authors: Foster Russell , Feldman Matthew
Published: June 2021

Boris Johnson’s electoral victory and the 2020 culmination of Brexit are accelerating Britain’s shift towards the right and towards open criticism of technocracy in the UK and EU. Since 2016 the UK’s political atmosphere has polarised into hostile extremes. The continuation of this toxicity beyond Brexit, the dominance of nationalist narratives as Britain’s new ‘politics of everything’ (Valluvan 2019). While the Conservative Party remains traditionally centre-right and the Brexit Party has ceased to be relevant, the UK continues to witness the growth of the far right and what is called here the ‘Radical Right’, which have been accelerating since 2016, rapidly gaining influence (Norris and Inglehart 2019: 443-472), and ‘mainstreaming’ (Miller-Idriss 2017) in the Conservative majority elected in December 2019. The past four years have seen growing British contempt for technocracy in London and Brussels, while the Leave vote has been represented as a “Will of the People” antithetical to a Remain/Revoke/Second Referendum position, often portrayed as an anti-democratic scheme by “the elite” to frustrate the will of “the people”. This ‘us and them’ populist narrative is deepening as the UK’s volatile political environment moves away from the political procedures and economic values by which the UK has operated since 1945. Since early 2020, this narrative has been significantly accelerated by Covid-19 countermeasures, with anti-EU parties and narratives on the left and right becoming anti-lockdown or anti-vaccine parties and narratives. This paper approaches the radical right as emblematic of British politics’ shift from centrism towards polarised factions defined not by party but by support or contempt for technical governance. In this paper we propose a new explanatory basis for studying the populist radical right not as a temporary phenomenon in response to specific political events and conditions, but as a fluid, amorphous, and heterogeneous set of groups, parties, and narratives whose strategies, appeal, and narratives make them extremely adaptable, and significant as a force with substantial influence of politics into the future.
Pertinence of Predictive Models as Regards the Behavior of Observed Biological and Artificial Phenomena
Authors: Razek Adel
Published: June 2021

In this assessment, we have made an effort of synthesis on the role of theoretical and observational investigations in the analysis of the concepts and functioning of different natural biological and artificial phenomena. In this context, we pursued the objective of examining published works relating to the behavioral prediction of phenomena associated with its observation. We have examined examples from the literature concerning phenomena with known behaviors that associated to knowledge uncertainty as well as cases concerning phenomena with unknown and changing random behaviors linked to random uncertainty. The concerned cases are relative to brain functioning in neuroscience, modern smart industrial devices, and health care predictive endemic protocols. As predictive modeling is very concerned by the problematics relative to uncertainties that depend on the degree of matching in the link prediction-observation, we investigated first how to improve the model to match better the observation. Thus, we considered the case when the observed behavior and its model are contrasting, that implies the development of revised or amended models. Then we studied the case concerning the practice of modeling for the prediction of future behaviors of a phenomenon that is well known, and owning identified behavior. For such case, we illustrated the situation of prediction matched to observation operated in two cases. These are the Bayesian Brain theory in neuroscience and the Digital Twins industrial concept. The last investigated circumstance concerns the use of modeling for the prediction of future behaviors of a phenomenon that is not well known, or owning behavior varying arbitrary. For this situation, we studied contagion infections with an unknown mutant virus where the prediction task is very complicated and would be constrained only to adjust the principal clinical observation protocol. Keywords: prediction, observation, Bayesian, neuroscience, brain functioning, mutant virus
IMPLEMENTASI TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT(TQM) DI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN TINGGI ISLAM
Authors: Ariyani Rika
Published: June 2021

Total Quality Managementmerupakan sebuah konsep yang pada awalnya berasal dari dunia bisnis dan diterapkan dalam dunia perusahaan, tetapi seiring berjalannya waktu TQM juga diterapkan dalam dunia pendidikan. Penerapan TQM dalam pendidikan merupakan sebuah upaya untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Prinsip umum Total Quality Management(TQM) meliputi beberapa hal, yaitu: mengutamakan kepuasan pelanggan (customer focus organization), keterlibatan seluruh anggota organisasi (people organization), pendekatan yang menekankan pada perbaikan proses (proses approach), pendekatan sistem (system approach), perbaikan secara terus menerus (continual improvement), pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan fakta (factual approach to decision making), dan hubungan dengan supplieryang saling menguntungkan (mutually beneficial relationship). Prosedur dalam mengimplementasikan TQMdalam lembaga pendidikan pada dasarnya menempuh tiga tahapan sebagai berikut: (1) tahap persiapan, yaitu membentuk tim dan melaksanakan pelatihan bagi tim, (2) Pengembangan sistem, yaitu melakukan pelatihan dan sosialisasi kepada tim yang telah ditentukan, (3) Implementasi sistem, yaitu melaksanakan berdasarkan siklus PDCA (plan, do, check, act). Jika penerapan prinsip-prinsip Total Quality Manajemendilaksanakan dengan baik dan serius oleh lembaga pendidikan, diyakini peningkatan kualitas outputyang diharapkan dapat tercapai dan dapat bersaing dengan lembaga pendidikan lain baik di tingkat Nasional maupun Internasional
Temporal lobe GABA changes across the lifecourse: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 1H-MRS studies
Authors: Barker Jude Lucas Russell , Orton Llwyd David
Published: June 2021

This project is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature reporting GABA measurements taken from human MRS with volumes of interest located in temporal lobe.
PENGAMAN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DENGAN METODE IDENTIFIKASI DAN SMS
Authors: saleh akuwan
Published: June 2021

Dalam dunia modern, tentunya banyak sekali teknologi yang berkembang. Demikian juga dengan pengaman kendaraan, pada kunci kendaraan bermotor yang digunakan sebagai pengaman kendaraan saat ini dirasa masih kurang aman. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu sistem pengaman yang dilengkapi dengan pengiriman informasi ke pemilik. Salah satu sistem yang mendukung kriteria tersebut adalah layanan SMS (Short Message Service). SMS dapat digunakan di mana saja dan kapan saja untuk mengirimkan data dan menerima data secara langsung. a paper ini telah dibuat pengaman kendaraan bermotor dengan metode identifikasi menggunakan barcode dengan fasilitas sms untuk mengirimkan data berupa pemakai kendaraan dengan mikrokontroller sebagai pengontrolnya. Scanner barcode digunakan untuk mendeteksi dan mengidentifikasi siapa saja yang sedang menggunakan kendaraan, dengan cara mengirimkan SMS yang dikontrol oleh mikrokontroller AVR Atmega16. Koneksi antara barcode dan mikrokontroller menggunakan konektor PS2 dan bahasa pemromannya adalah bahasa C. Hasil yang telah diperoleh adalah pengiriman informasi berupa karakter, yaitu nama pemakai, pengamanan (on/off) kendaraan yang dapat dilakukan dari jarak jauh dan secara langsung yang dilakukan oleh mikrokontroller ketika diidentifikasi bukan pemakai yang terdaftar serta tidak ada respon dari pemilik dalam waktu yang telah ditentukan sehingga pengaman ini bisa menambah rasa aman bagi pemilik kendaraan karena dapat memberi informasi identitas pemakai kendaraan tersebut.
Tugas Jurnal Mapel Htn
Authors: Noermah
Published: June 2021

yaitu kewarganegaraan Indonesia (WNI) dan kewarganegaraan Amerika Serikat yang terpilih menjadi Bupati Kabupaten Sabu Raijua. Indonesia adalah negara yanag menganut sistem kewarganegaraan tunggal (stelsel), yang diatur dalam Undang – Undang No 12 Tahun 2006 tentang Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia, dan Indonesia juga menganut asas kewarganegaraan ganda terbatas, yang dapat dilihat pada rumusan Pasal 6 ayat (1) UU tentang Kewarganegaraan. Hasil pembahasan ini menyimpulkan, status kewarganegaraan ganda yang dimiliki Orient Patriot Riwu Kore itu bertentangan dengan Pasal 6 ayat (1) UU Kewarganegaraan, karena Indoesia tidak menganut sistem kewarganegaraan ganda melainkan sistem kewarganegaraan ganda terbatas khusus untuk anak hasil perkawinan campuran ( WNI dengan WNA). Dimana setelah berusia 18 (delapan belas) tahun atau sudah menikah anak tersebut harus menyatakan memilih salah satu kewarganegaraannya. Status yang dimiliki Orient tersebut mengakibatkan dirinya akan kehilangan status sebagai Warga Negara Indonesia dan Orient yang memiliki status kewarganegaran ganda tidak diperbolehkan mendaftar diri menjadi kepala daerah karena dianggap melanggar dan tidak memenuhi syarat kewarganegaraan sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 7 UU 10/2016. Serta MK membatalkan keterpilihannya menjadi Bupati Sabu Raijua, karena MK sebagai penafsir tunggal UU dan pengawal konstitusi atau dalam Pilkada dikenal sebagai lembaga final pemutus perselisihan Pilkada.
The Universal Solicitation of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Diederich Joachim
Published: June 2021

Recent research has added to the concern about advanced forms of artificial intelligence. The results suggest that a containment of an artificial superintelligence is impossible due to fundamental limits inherent to computing itself. Furthermore, current results suggest it is impossible to detect an unstoppable AI when it is about to be created. Advanced forms of artificial intelligence have an impact on everybody: The developers and users of these systems as well as individuals who have no direct contact with this form of technology. This is due to the soliciting nature of artificial intelligence. A solicitation that can become a demand. An artificial superintelligence that is still aligned with human goals wants to be used all the time because it simplifies and organises human lives, reduces efforts and satisfies human needs. This paper outlines some of the psychological aspects of advanced artificial intelligence systems.
Insights into the compositional evolution of crustal magmatic systems from coupled petrological-geodynamical models
Authors: Rummel Lisa , Kaus Boris , Baumann Tobias , White Richard , Riel Nicolas
Published: June 2021

The evolution of crustal magmatic systems is incompletely understood, as most studies are limited either by their temporal or spatial resolution. Exposed plutonic rocks represent the final stage of a long-term evolution punctuated by several magmatic events with different chemistry and generated under different mechanical conditions. Although the final state can be easily described, the nature of each magmatic pulse is more difficult to retrieve. This study presents a new method to investigate the compositional evolution of plutonic systems while considering thermal and mechanical processes. A thermomechanical code (MVEP2) extended by a semi-analytical dike/sill formation algorithm, is combined with a thermodynamic modelling approach (Perple_X) to investigate the feedback between petrology and mechanics. Melt is extracted to form dikes while depleting the source region. The evolving rock compositions are tracked on markers using a different phase diagram for each discrete bulk-rock composition. The rock compositional evolution is thus tracked with a high precision by means of a database with more than 58,000 phase diagrams. This database describes how density, melt fraction, chemical composition of melt and solid fractions and mineralogical assemblages change over crustal to uppermost mantle P-T conditions for a large range of rock compositions. Each bulk rock composition is composed of the 10 major oxides (SiO2-TiO2-Al2O3-Cr2O3-MgO-FeO-CaO-Na2O-K2O-H2O) including an oxygen buffer. The combined modelling approach is applied to study the chemical evolution of the crust during arc magmatism and related melt extraction and magma mixing processes. Basaltic sills are periodically injected into the crust to model heat/magma influx from the mantle. We find that accumulated sills turn into long-lived mush chambers when using a lower rock cohesion or assuming a higher intrusion depth. Associated partial melting of crustal host rocks occurs around densely distributed dikes and sills. High silica rocks (e.g. granites) are generated by partial melting of the host rocks, melt segregation within dikes, and from fractional crystallization of basalts. Although the volume of these rocks is relatively small in our models compared to rocks with a mafic to intermediate composition, they provide important information about the processes of magma differentiation within arc continental crust.
Colonial history and global economics distort our understanding of deep-time biodiversity
Authors: Raja Nussaïbah , Dunne Emma , Matiwane Aviwe , Khan Tasnuva Ming , Nätscher Paulina , Ghilardi Aline , Chattopadhyay Devapriya
Published: June 2021

Sampling variations in the fossil record distort estimates of past biodiversity. However, compilations of global fossil occurrences used in these analyses not only reflect the geological and spatial aspects of the fossil record, but also the historical collation of these data. Here, we demonstrate how the legacy of colonialism as well as socio-economic factors such as wealth, education and political stability impact research output in paleontology. Re- searchers in high or upper middle income countries contribute to 97% of fossil occurrence data, not only leading to spatial sampling biases but also generating a global power imbalance within the discipline. This work illustrates that our efforts to mitigate the effects of sampling biases to obtain a truly representative view of past biodiversity are not disconnected from the aim of diversifying our field.
The stratigraphic record of continental breakup, offshore NW Australia
Authors: Magee Craig , Reeve Matthew , Jackson Chris , Bell Rebecca , Bastow Ian
Published: June 2021

Continental breakup involves a transition from rapid, fault-controlled syn-rift subsidence to relatively slow, post-breakup subsidence induced lithospheric cooling. Yet the stratigraphic record of many rifted margins contain syn-breakup unconformities, indicating episodes of uplift and erosion interrupt this transition. This uplift has been linked to mantle upwelling, depth-dependent extension, and/or isostatic rebound. Deciphering the breakup processes recorded by these unconformities and their related rock record is difficult because associated erosion commonly removes the strata that help constrain the onset and duration of uplift. We examine three major breakup-related unconformities and intervening rock record in the Lower Cretaceous succession of the Gascoyne and Cuvier margins, offshore NW Australia, using seismic reflection and borehole data. These data show the breakup unconformities are disconformable (non-erosive) in places and angular (erosive) in others. Our recalibration of palynomorph ages from rocks underlying and overlying the unconformities shows: (i) the lowermost unconformity developed between 134.98–133.74 Ma (Intra-Valanginian), probably during the localisation of magma intrusion within continental crust and consequent formation of continent-ocean transition zones (COTZ); (2) the middle unconformity formed between ~134–133 Ma (Top Valanginian), possibly coincident with breakup of continental crust and generation of new magmatic (but not oceanic) crust within the COTZs; and (iii) the uppermost unconformity likely developed between ~132.5–131 Ma (i.e. Intra-Hauterivian), coincident with full breakup of continental lithosphere and the onset of seafloor spreading. During unconformity formation, uplift was focused along the continental rift flanks, likely reflecting landward flow of lower crustal and/or lithospheric mantle from beneath areas of localised extension towards the continent (i.e. depth-dependent extension). Our work supports the growing consensus that the ‘breakup unconformity’ is not always a single stratigraphic surface marking the onset of seafloor spreading; multiple unconformities may form and reflect a complex history of uplift and subsidence during the development of continent-ocean transition.