bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GÜNDELİK HAYATTA DEĞİŞEN TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET ROLLERİNE KARŞI BAŞ ETME STRATEJİLERİ: YOZGAT’TA YAŞAYAN GÖÇMEN KADINLAR
Authors: ÇAKIR Hülya , GEDİK Esra , AKKOL Mümtaz L
Published: December 2021

Dezavantajlı gruplar arasında yer alan kadınlar göçten en çok etkilenenlerdendir. Bu
durumun yaşanmasında ise eşitsiz koşullarda yaşayan kadınların göç ile birlikte daha eşitsiz
koşullara boyun eğmek zorunda kalması etkili olmaktadır. Güncel göç literatüründe de
çoğunlukla erkeği birincil ve özne konumunda görürken kadını ise onunla hareket etmek
zorunda olan bir eşya gibi ikincil konumda görmektedir. Bu ilişkilendirmenin aksine göç
sürecinde kadınlar değişen sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel yapının da etkisiyle değişimde aktif özne
olmuştur dolayısıyla toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri de bu değişimden bağımsız değildir. Rolleri gereği
süreci göçün feminizasyonuna dönüştürmüştür. Daha çok bireysel ya da psikolojik sorunların
çözümlenmesi veya davranışın iyileştirilmesi anlamlarını içeren baş etme, ilerleyen zamanlarda
bireysel/psikolojik sorunlar kadar, aile, aile içi ya da aileler arası ilişkilerini, grup veya
toplulukların eylemlerini de kapsar hale gelmiştir. Baş etme daha çok, bireyin ya da grubun
(ailenin) karşılaştıkları sorunu veya engeli ortadan kaldırıcı araçlar bulma çabası, sahip olduğu
imkân ve kaynakları seferber etmesi olarak tanımlanmaya başlanmıştır; bu çalışmada da
göçmen kadınlar özelinde kullanılan baş etme benzer süreçleri ve anlamları içermektedir. Bu
çalışmada göçmen kadınların değişen cinsiyet rollerine bağlı olarak gündelik hayatlarında
geliştirdikleri baş etme stratejileri ve bunun sosyo-kültürel değişime uyum çabalarını nasıl
etkilediğini gündelik hayat kuramsal çerçevesinde saha verileriyle analiz edilecektir. Bu çalışma
YOBÜ BAP Birimi tarafından desteklenen projeden üretilmiştir.
İKTİDARIN GÖLGESİ EDEBİYATTA: DRAMATİK SANATLARIN ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİ TÜRK ROMANINDAKİ YERİ
Authors: GÖKŞEN Erol
Published: December 2021

Michel Foucault, iktidarı farklı biçimlerde birbirinin içine geçmiş ağlarla örülü bir yapı
olarak görür. İktidar, bu yapıyı insan ilişkileri, ekonomik ilişkiler, aile içi ilişkiler, eğitim ilişkileri,
siyasi kurum ilişkileri gibi ilişkiler üzerinden kurgular. Bu ilişkiler ağı bireyler üzerinden taşınır.
Dolayısıyla iktidar burada bireyi esas alarak ilerler. Benzeri durum Cumhuriyet’in ilanıyla kurulan
yeni Türk devleti için de geçerlidir. Cumhuriyet’in ilanından sonra yeni bir insan tipi yaratmak
idealiyle hareket eden iktidar, söylemini genişletmek ve otoritesini sağlamlaştırmak için sanatın
gücünden faydalanır. Bu bağlamda en çok tiyatro, sinema, opera gibi dramatik sanat türlerinden
yararlanır. Bu sanatlar arasında tiyatro ve sinemaya halkın erişimi nispeten daha kolaydır.
Gazetelerde söz konusu sanatlardan bahseden pek çok haber, hikâye ve tefrika romanın
yayımlanmasıyla gazeteler aracılığıyla iktidar, söylemini halka ulaştırır. Zira bu yazıların,
hikâyelerin, romanların içine kendi ideolojik söylemini de yerleştirir. İktidarın diğer bir faaliyet
alanını da dönemin edebiyat eserleri oluşturmaktadır. Farklı dünya görüşlerine ve edebiyat
anlayışlarına sahip olan yazarlar eserlerinde iktidarın düşüncelerine ve faaliyetlerine
değinmişler, farklı şekillerde de olsa temelde hepsi iktidarın sözcülüğünü yapan romanlar
kaleme almışlardır. Dolayısıyla bu yazıda erken Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk yazarlarının anlatma
ve vaka zamanı 1923-1940 yılları arasına tekabül eden romanlarında dramatik sanatları ele alış
biçimleri ve iktidarın kendi söylemini yaymak amacıyla dramatik sanatları kullanma şekli rolü
incelenecektir.
TÜRKMEN YAZAR ÖVEZDURDU NEPESOV’UN “UZAK UZAK YILLAR” ROMANININ YAPI VE TEMA BAKIMINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Yasin , ÖZEREN Mehmet
Published: December 2021

Çağdaş Türkmen Edebiyatı’nın en önemli şair ve yazarlarından biri olan Övezdurdu
Nepesov birçok şiir, roman, hikâye ve tiyatro gibi eserler vererek Çağdaş Türkmen Edebiyatı’nın
gelişmesinde önemli rol üstlenmiştir. Türk dünyası ile ilgili şimdiye kadar birçok çalışma
yapılmıştır. Ancak Övezdurdu Nepesov’un Türkmenistan’da tanınmasının yanıda Türkiye’de
yeterince bilinmemesi münasebetiyle böyle bir çalışma ihtiyacı hasıl olmuştur. Bu çalışma ele
alınırken roman inceleme yöntemlerinin dışına çıkılmadan geniş bir perspektifle çözümleme
yapılmıştır. Övezdurdu Nepesov bu romanla Türkmen sosyo-kültürel hayatına, tarihine ışık
tutmuş ve modernist bir anlayışla Türkmen romanının gelişmesine katkıda bulunmuştur.
Romanın başkarakteri olan İlaman’ın başınden geçen olaylar kronojik zaman dilimi içinde ele
alınmıştır. Böylece zaman çizgisi roman karakterlerine ayak uydurarak tarihin akışı
değiştirilmemiş, zaman ve mekan olduğu gibi kalmıştır. Övezdurdu Nepesov’un “Uzak Uzak
Yıllar” adlı romanında Türkmen coğrafyasında 2. Dünya Savaşının getirdiği yosullaşmayla
birlikte ahlaki çöküşün yansıması anlatılır. Problematik olaylar, romanın baş karakteri
aracılığıyla duygusal epizotlar halinde karşımıza çıkar. Romanda toplumsal olayların sonucu
olan trajik kırılmalara değinilerek romantik bir hava verilmiştir. Tematik kurgu yüklenirken
şahıslar üzerindeki yansımalar dikkat edilip aksettirilmiş ve romantik yaklaşımlara ulaşılmıştır.
Şahıslar mekanın dışında hareket etmeyerek tarihi vak’a zuhur etmiş. Böylece itibarî alem
sanatsal görüngü halinde olay ve kişiler üzerindeki psikolojik unsurları seçebilme ayrımı elde
edilmiştir. Son olarak roman bölümler halinde irdelenip bir çıkarım elde edilmiştir.
CUMHURİYET YAYINCILIĞININ İLK PLANLAMASI: BİRİNCİ TÜRK NEŞRİYAT KONGRESİ (2-5 Mayıs 1939)
Authors: KUŞÇİ Ahmet
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada Tek Parti Dönemi’nde 2-5 Mayıs 1939 tarihleri arasında Maarif Vekaleti
tarafından Ankara’da düzenlenen Birinci Türk Neşriyat Kongresi ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın
amacı Tek Parti Dönemi’nde toplanan Birinci Türk Neşriyat Kongresi’nin çalışmalarını ve
kongrenin Türk kültür hayatı ve yayıncılığına katkılarını incelemektir. Bu amaçla çalışmada
Birinci Türk Neşriyat Kongresi kim tarafından, ne zaman, nerede, hangi amaçla ve Türk
yayıncılığına katkıları neler olmuştur? sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalar
sonucunda literatürde Birinci Türk Neşriyat Kongresi’ni tek başına ve doğrudan ele alan özgün
bir çalışmanın bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışma litaratürdeki bu eksikliği tamamlamayı
amaçlamaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, araştırılan olgu ve olaylarla ilgili yazılı belgelerin ayrıntılı olarak taranıp
ve bu belgelerden anlamlı bir bütün oluşturma yöntemi olarak kabul edilen metin analizi tekniği
kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada başta
arşiv belgeleri olmak üzere, Maarrif Vekilliğinin resmi yayın organı olan Tebliğler Dergisi,
dönemin ulusal gazeteleri Akşam, Cumhuriyet, Haber, Halkın Sesi, Son Telgraf, Tan, Türk Dili,
Ulus, Vakit, Yeni Asır, Yeni Sabah gazeteleri, Maarif Vekilliği tarafından yayınlanan kongrenin
raporları ve görüşme tutanakları ile birlikte telif ve tetkik eserlerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma
sonucunda Maarif Vekaleti’nin düzenlediği ilk geniş çaplı organizasyon olan Birinci Türk
Neşriyat Kongresi’nin Türk yayıncılığının miladı olduğu görülmüştür. Türk kültür hayatındaki en
önemli hamlelerden biri olan Birinci Türk Neşriyat Kongresine Türk kamuoyunun da büyük bir
önem gösterdiği görülmektedir.
POZANTI GELENEKSEL ÇOCUK OYUNLARININ İŞLEVLERİ ÜZERİNE
Authors: BÜYÜKOKUTAN TÖRET Aslı , ÖZDEMİR Büşra
Published: December 2021

Nesiller arası kültürel aktarımın sağlanmasında etkin rolü olan geleneksel çocuk
oyunları, çocuklarla iletişim kurmanın doğal ve kolay yoludur. Oyun aracılığıyla çocuklar; sosyal
iletişim kurmayı, paylaşmayı, yardımlaşmayı, işbirliği yapmayı, sorumluluk almayı, kurallara
uymayı, başkalarının hakkına saygı duymayı ve kendi hakkını gözetmeyi öğrenir. Büyük
kentlerde nüfusun hızla artması, çarpık ve düzensiz kentleşme ve buna paralel olarak da kent
içindeki açık ve yeşil alanların gittikçe azalması nedeniyle çocuklar dış mekânlarda kendilerine
oyun ortamı bulamamaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra kent hayatında çocukların temiz havada oyun
oynayabilecekleri güvenli bir ortamın bulunması pek mümkün olmamaktadır. Yazıda, Adana ili
Pozantı ilçesinde oynanan geleneksel çocuk oyunları üzerinde durulmuştur. Alan araştırmasına
dayanan çalışmanın verileri katılımlı gözlem ve derinlemesine görüşme yöntemleriyle elde
edilmiştir. Tespit edilmiş oyunlardan on beş tanesi seçilerek kendi içinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Söz
konusu oyunların adları, içeriği, oynanış biçimi, nerede, ne zaman ve kaç kişiyle oynandığına
dair bilgiler verilerek çocuk gelişimi üzerindeki etkisinden bahsedilmiştir. Yapılan
değerlendirmeler sonucunda, Pozantı’da, geçmişe kıyasla daha az olmakla birlikte, çocukların
hâlâ sokakta geleneksel çocuk oyunları oynadıkları belirlenmiştir. Çocuklara kendini ifade
edebilme ve yeteneklerini geliştirebilme imkânı sağlayan oyunların, fiziksel, zihinsel, dil, motor,
sosyal, duygusal gelişim alanlarını destekleyici rolü olduğu görülmüştür.
TARİHÎ TÜRK LEHÇELERİNDE SÖZCÜK EŞDEĞERLİ EKLER
Authors: GÜVENEN Ebru
Published: December 2021

Eklemeli diller için ekler, anlamlı morfolojik unsurlar olan kökler kadar önemli bir yere
sahiptir. Tek başlarına anlamları olmayan, sözcükler kadar hızlı ve kolay türetilemeyen eklerin
bir kısmı, yeni sözlüksel unsurlar türetirken diğer kısmı sözcükler arasında bağ kurmakta
ve/veya cümleyi çeşitli açılardan tamamlamaktadır. Diğer bir deyişle ekler, eklendikleri sözcükte
veya görev aldıkları söz grubu/cümle içinde anlam kazanmaktadır.
Eklemeli dillerin önde gelen temsilcilerinden olan Türkçe, eldeki en eski yazılı
eserlerinden bugüne kadar gerek yeni sözcük türetme gerekse anlamlı, tam ve etkili cümle
kurma bakımından eklerle ilgili kuralları oturmuş bir sisteme sahiptir. Türkçenin tarihî
dönemlerinde eklerin, -özellikle- cümle içerisinde ortaya çıkan işlevleri, bu çalışmanın konusunu
oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Köktürkçeden Osmanlı Türkçesine kadar yazıya geçirilen bütün
tarihî dönemlere ait eserler incelenmiş, sözcük işlevi bulunanlar tespit edilmiştir. Eklerin
taşıdıkları sözcük anlamlarının, Türkçenin tarihî dönemlerindeki kullanımının yaygın olup
olmadığını belirleyebilmek adına eser çeşitliliğine önem verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, “Sözcük
Eşdeğerli Yapım Ekleri” ve “Sözcük Eşdeğerli Çekim Ekleri” olarak iki başlık altında
değerlendirilmiştir. Bugün hâlâ ekleşme süreci devam eden bazı sözcükler, sözcük ve ek
şeklinde ikili kullanım örneği sergilemektedir. Bu örnekler ve literatürdeki çalışmalar, Türkçede
eklerin en azından bir bölümünün sözcüklere dayandığını göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda
çalışmayla bir taraftan eklerin sözcük işlevlerindeki zenginlikleri gözler önüne serilirken diğer
taraftan kökeninin bir sözcük olup olmadığı hakkında kesin bilgi bulunmayanlar üzerine dikkat
çekmek amaçlanmaktadır.
OSMANLI DEVLETİ İLE KAŞGAR EMİRİ YAKUP BEG ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER
Authors: AKALAN Ali Osman
Published: December 2021

Osmanlı Devletinin sonlarına doğru Orta Asya’daki Rus ve Çin işgallerinden meydana
gelen yeni siyasi tablo çerçevesinde, Türkistan Türklerinin işgale karşı direnişi ve bu direnişten
doğan Doğu Türkistan’ın Kaşgar Emirliğinin hükümdarı Yakup Han’ın Osmanlı devleti ile
yürüttüğü ilişkiler, Osmanlı Devletinin Doğu Türkistan’daki faaliyetleri, Osmanlı devletinin
Kaşgar’a silah ve askeri yardımları, iki ülke arasındaki yazışmalar, İstanbul’daki Kaşgar ilgisi,
Osmanlı devletinin Doğu Türkistan için önemi, Osmanlı Devletinin Kaşgar politikası ve bütün
bunların doğurduğu siyasi ve sosyo kültürel sonuçlar ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır. Bu amaçla
öncelikle Türkistan coğrafyası ve tarihi hakkında genel bilgiler verilecek ardından öncelikle
Çağatay Hanlığından Mançu İstilasına Kadar Olan Tarihi Süreç daha sonra Mançu İstilasından
Yakup Beg’in İstiklalini İlan Etmesine Kadar Olan Tarihi Süreç içerisinde Doğu Türkistan
hakkında temel sosyal ve siyasal görünümün genel hatları çizilecektir. Yakup Bey döneminde
Osmanlı yönetimiyle kurulan politik, askeri ve ekonomik ilişkiler aktarılacaktır. Türkistan’ın siyasi
tarihi ve Osmanlı yönetiminin bu kesimlerle ilgili bakış açısının verilmeye çalışılacağı çalışma,
gerek Osmanlı gerekse Türkistan açısından eldeki bilgilerin bir araya getirilmesi ve tarihi bir
dönemin aydınlatılmasına katkı sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. Bu doğrultuda Türkistan’ın
günümüzdeki sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik ve demografik problemlerinin sağlıklı bir şekilde
çözümü için Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndan bugüne geçen süreyi ve önemli kırılma noktaları
sağlıklı bir şekilde yorumlamak gerekmektedir.
CHINA'S WATER LAW: FEATURES OF FORMATION AND FUNCTIONING
Authors:   Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences, Sichuan, China, DONG JU , JUNTAO WANG , MATVEEVSKAYA Anna ,   Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The system of water law in China is built differently than in many countries of the world. It emerged from a planned economic system, a traditional society in which agriculture was the majority, and a rapid stage of industrialization and urbanization. It has its own characteristics. Proceeding from the premise of compliance with the fundamental system of the socialist market economy, the main characteristics of the reform and construction of the water law system in China are: compliance with the system of state ownership of state and collective water resources, and the introduction of a management system based on government leadership, full control, priority and regional coordination. Through gradual reforms, such as pilot projects, the marketization process will be accelerated and the market mechanism will be used to optimize the allocation of water resources. The purpose of the work. By analyzing the water legislation of China, to study the characteristics, the direction of the reform of water law and the ways of building the water law system of China. Methods. Empirical research methods, search and analysis of information from mass media, analysis and comparison of data, comparison and generalization were used in the work. Results. Through the study of the water law system in China, it was possible to identify the main direction of water law reform, which corresponds to the general trend of water law reform in the world, which is that the government assumes a leading role and fully uses the role of the market economy in optimizing the allocation of resources.
THE PROCEDURE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MILITARY-TECHNICAL COOPERATION AND THE DELIMITATION OF OWNERSHIP RIGHTS TO ITS RESULTS BETWEEN THE BRICS COUNTRIES - THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND BRAZIL, THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND SOUTH AFRICA
Authors:   Main Control Department of the city of Moscow, Russia, Moscow, AKHMADOVA MARYAM
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the procedure for the implementation of military-technical cooperation and the delimitation of ownership rights to its results between the BRICS countries - the Russian Federation and Brazil, the Russian Federation and South Africa. At the same time, the focus of the author's attention is on the transfer and use of previous intellectual property, the distribution of rights to the results of intellectual activity and the procedure for resolving disagreements and disputes between the contracting parties and (or) participants to contracts. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that military-technical cooperation has a strategic role for modern Russia, designed, on the one hand, to strengthen the country's military and political positions in the world, and on the other, serves the purpose of maintaining the country's defense capability and military security at the proper level. The research conducted based on such methods of scientific cognition as: general scientific dialectical, formal legal and comparative legal methods, etc. At the same time, the author proceeds from the subjective-objective determination of processes and phenomena, and their interconnectedness. The novelty of this research is determined by its very purpose, subject and range of sources under consideration. In this format, the author came to the conclusion that the approaches of the BRICS countries under consideration on some key aspects of regulating the protection of intellectual property, both transferred and created within the framework of military-technical cooperation, are largely similar. At the same time, the regulation of the use of the results of intellectual activity is the basis of relations between the Russian Federation and the BRICS countries in military-technical cooperation and is aimed at excluding unauthorized use of such products, therefore, the conclusion is formulated that the regulatory framework in the field of military-technical cooperation in terms of its international legal component on ensuring the protection of intellectual property transferred and received within the framework of such cooperation needs further improvement.
ON THE ISSUE OF ASSESSING THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors:   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, NETESOVA MARGARITA
Published: December 2021

Purpose of research. The purpose of the study is to develop a legal approach to assessing the social impact of such a phenomenon as social entrepreneurship. In accordance with the current legislation, social entrepreneurship is carried out in order to solve certain acute social problems facing society. There is an urgent need to assess to what extent this activity solves the task, in other words, to determine the level of social impact exerted by the category of social entrepreneurs. Currently, the current regulatory legal acts do not contain criteria for such an assessment. Conclusions. The analysis of certain types of social entrepreneurship and the current procedure for recognizing small and medium-sized businesses as social enterprises allowed us to identify quantitative indicators characterizing the social impact of certain types of social entrepreneurship. In addition, quantitative and qualitative indicators are proposed that can be used to evaluate those social enterprises whose activities cannot be evaluated on the basis of so-called "obvious" quantitative indicators. It is concluded that it is necessary to submit a report on the social impact of a small or medium-sized business entity applying for inclusion in the register of social entrepreneurs.
PHARMACEUTICAL LAW: CRIMINAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Moscow state University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia, SEREBRENNIKOVA ANNA
Published: December 2021

The author, considering the possibility of the emergence of a new branch of law in the future - pharmaceutical law, focuses on the complexity of regulating the sphere of turnover of medicines, at the same time pointing to this as the main reason for the uncertainty of the legislator in matters of the correctness of the choice of the object and subject of legal regulation. The author, citing examples from practice, draws attention to the fact that pharmaceutical activity is gradually becoming the object of regulatory regulation of various legal institutions, where the turnover of medicines, as well as medicines and other products containing raw materials of a medicinal nature, can be subject not only to the rules of civil turnover, as well as other special acts, but also to the norms of criminal law. The purpose of the study: To analyze the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, including articles of the Criminal Code that establish responsibility for crimes in the field of pharmaceutical criminal law. Methodology and methods: the article uses both general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and the method of interpretation of legal norms, which together make it possible to more effectively analyze the institutions of criminal law and determine the directions of development of the norms of pharmaceutical criminal law. Conclusions: as a result of the study, the author consistently substantiated the conclusion that the scope of application of criminal legislation in the control of pharmaceutical activities is expanding, at the same time, frequent violation of established prohibitions and regulations in the turnover of medicines suggests that the dialectical component of this issue is in an active phase of development, which indicates the inevitability (regularity and expediency) of the separation of a group of norms into a relatively autonomous group, which may be called pharmaceutical criminal law.
Integrated Planning of Timber Extraction and Hauling Activities by using Network 2000 Program
Authors: AKAY Abdullah Emin , ŞEŞEN Nedimcan
Published: December 2021

Planning of forest transportation is a complex problem that requires effective and harmonious design and implementation of various forest operations including extraction, loading, and hauling of forest products. These operations constitute a significant part of the total cost of producing forest products; therefore, developing the most appropriate (minimum cost/maximum net profit) transportation plan has increasing importance for the economic aspect. Computer-aided models can be used to plan the transportation of forest products and systematically searching for the most suitable solution. In this study, a network analysis-based Network 2000 program was used to determine the optimum routes with minimum forest operation costs and maximum net profit of forest products considering two logging truck types (medium and large size). In the solution process, two farm tractors (4x2 and 4x4) for extraction operation and two loaders (tracked and rubber-tired) for loading operation were evaluated. The alternative with the minimum cost was determined using the Network 2000 program. The study was implemented in Kınık Forest Enterprise Chief (FEC) located in the city of Bursa in Turkey, while considering five landing areas where various forest products (i.e. log, mine poles, industrial wood, and paper wood) were extracted from the six harvesting units and hauled to two forest depots. In the study, the optimum solution was searched for two scenarios where only the forest depot which is commonly used in the Kınık FEC was considered in the first scenario while the forest depot of the neighboring enterprise in the region was also evaluated in the second scenario. The results obtained from the first scenario indicated that using large-size tractor reduced the hauling cost by 8% which led to over 1000 TRY reduction in the total cost of forest operations. The hauling cost and total forest operation cost obtained in the second scenario was about 16% and 2% less than that of the cost obtained in the first scenario for the case of large-size truck. On the other hand, total net profit of the forest products received in the second scenario was about 35000 TRY more than that of the net profit received in the first scenario for the case of large-size truck. The optimum farm tractor for skidding operation was successfully selected by the Network 2000 program considering terrain conditions in the harvesting unit and availability of the equipment. Likewise, optimum loader was also determined by considering distribution of the forest products on the landing areas.
Expressing Lesser Relevance in Academic Conference Presentations
Authors: Yankova Diana , Vassileva Irena
Published: December 2021

While marking importance and relevance in academic discourse has been a widely researched topic, markers of lesser significance have so far been understudied. The article therefore focuses on some of the discoursal means of expressing lesser importance in conference presentations. The corpus of the study comprises recordings of 20 presentations in English at international linguistics conferences by speakers of various cultural and linguistic backgrounds. The methodology follows Deroey and Taverniers’s (2012) study of lecture discourse, whereby depending on the way lesser importance is expressed, the markers are grouped under five categories. Their methodology is checked against the data provided by the transcriptions of the conference recordings to ascertain the extent to which it is applicable to other spoken academic genres. The ultimate objective is to provide steppingstones for interpreting information and distinguishing between what is important and relevant and less so in conference presentations, as well as for the identification of presenters’ motivation for employing this type of metadiscourse.
Implicit Arguments in Ugandan English
Authors: Isingoma Bebwa
Published: December 2021

In standard British/American English, some transitive verbs, which are ontologically specified for objects, may be used with the objects not overtly expressed (for example, leave), while other transitive verbs do not permit this syntactic behavior (for example, vacate). The former have been referred to as verbs that allow implicit arguments. This study shows that while verbs such as vacate do not ideally allow implicit arguments in standard British/American English, this is permitted in Ugandan English (a non-native variety), thereby highlighting structural asymmetries between British/American English and Ugandan English, owing mainly to substrate influence and analogization. The current study highlights those structural asymmetries and ultimately uncovers some characteristic features in the structural nativization process of English in Uganda, thereby contributing to the growing larger discourse meant to fill the gaps that had characterized World Englishes scholarship, where thorough delineations of Ugandan English have been virtually absent.
Since/Because Alternation: Insights from Clause Structures in Nigerian English
Authors: Akinlotan Mayowa
Published: December 2021

The choice between since and because allows language users to provide rationality which is part of the cognitive functions of language. Different conditions have been shown to explicate this alternation, with little attention paid to the clausal weight. The present paper shows how expression of rationality is alternated between choosing a since or because, since both have the semantic capacity to do so, in certain contexts. The study uses a simple measurement method to show the extent to which clausal weight relates to this alternation. Relying on corpus data from a well-known variety representing Nigerian English, the present study shows that the choice between since and because is related to a number of factors such as the type of text producing the usages. With 1074 usages showing such interchangeable usages extracted from academic and media text types in written Nigerian English, it is shown that, at least in the variety under examination, the choice of since over because as a rationality expresser is scarce, and that overall pattern can be predicted on the basis of certain contexts including clausal weight and ordering pattern. The scarcity of since as a rationality expresser is perhaps a reflection of interference from the local languages, which do not have semantic equivalents.
Dismemberment of Kathleen’s Psyche in Joyce Carol Oates’s 'The Rise of Life on Earth'
Authors: Tamilmani Kulamangalam Thiagarajan , Nagalakshmi Rathinasamy
Published: December 2021

Postmodern literary texts have been exploring characters that are whimsically strange. The tacit plots in the postmodern textual space enable the writers to construct and manifest the mental space of the characters in the textual world. The Rise of Life on Earth written by Joyce Carol Oates concocts the emotional estrangement of the protagonist, Kathleen Hennessy. Decrypting the text amplifies the unabating efforts of Kathleen to survive in a world that has been portrayed as a larger, repressive and pernicious family. Her masquerade to be a shy, passive and well-behaved girl hides the menacing vengeance that has culminated as a result of abuses and afflictions. Her mental spaces are constructed during the course of narration. This paper purports to scrutinize the fragmented psyche of Kathleen and the conceptual integration of mental space and textual space that replicates both social and individualistic reality and expands the understanding of Oates’ text.
Counter Class and Counter Identity: Confrontations of Power in Tony Harrison's Poetry
Authors: Poorghorban Younes
Published: December 2021

Tony Harrison is a contemporary British author whose poetry is highly influential in encountering the issue of identity and class struggles. As a working-class student, Harrison was subject to prejudice and discrimination for his working-class accent. This paper investigates two of his highly admired poems, “On Not Being Milton” and “Them & uz” from a cultural standpoint, mainly concentrated on John Fiske’s theory of power and language. The role of language in the context of his poems is probed. The multiaccentuality of language is represented in his poetry and these two poems become the site of struggle for the imperialising and the localising power. It is intended to illuminate the sought space of identity which Harrison is constantly referring to as a member of the English working-class society. Lastly, the social and personal relationship between Harrison and Milton has been explored positing Harrison in a transcendental context in his relationship with Milton.
The Mind's Eye: Picture as Narrative in Thomas Hardy's 'A Pair of Blue Eyes'
Authors: Karamitev Dimitar
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on Thomas Hardy’s A Pair of Blue Eyes in discussing certain peculiarities of narration. The numerous descriptions of people and scenes in the book are examined as basic building blocks used by the architecturally trained novelist to carry vital narrative information. This decision is approached by way of utilising ideas from the realms of phenomenology, cinema and photographic theory to prove that in addition to carrying aesthetic merits, Hardy’s descriptions are intricate data containers that reflect how the human mind processes experience.
Mining Frequent Sequential Rules with An Efficient Parallel Algorithm
Authors: Youssef Nesma , Abdulkader Hatem , Abdelwahab Amira
Published: December 2021

Sequential rule mining is one of the most common data mining techniques. It intends to find desired rules in large sequence databases. It can decide the essential information that helps acquire knowledge from large search spaces and select curiously rules from sequence databases. The key challenge is to avoid wasting time, which is particularly difficult in large sequence databases. This paper studies the mining rules from two representations of sequential patterns to have compact databases without affecting the final result. In addition, execute a parallel approach by utilizing multi core processor architecture for mining non-redundant sequential rules. Also, perform pruning techniques to enhance the efficiency of the generated rules. The evaluation of the proposed algorithm was accomplished by comparing it with another non-redundant sequential rule algorithm called Non-Redundant with Dynamic Bit Vector (NRD-DBV). Both algorithms were performed on four real datasets with different characteristics. Our experiments show the performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of execution time and computational cost. It achieves the highest efficiency, especially for large datasets and with low values of minimum support, as it takes approximately half the time consumed by the compared algorithm.
Skin Lesion Segmentation in Dermoscopy Imagery
Authors: Garg Shelly , Jindal Balkrishan
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this study is to find an optimum method for segmentation of skin lesion images. In the present world, Skin cancer has proved to be the most deadly disease. The present research paper has developed a model which encompasses two gradations, the first being pre-processing for the reduction of unwanted artefacts like hair, illumination or many other by enhanced technique using threshold and morphological operations to attain higher accuracy and the second being segmentation by using k-mean with optimized Firefly Algorithm (FFA) technique. The online image database from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) archive dataset and dermatology service of Hospital Pedro Hispano (PH2) dataset has been used for input sample images. The parameters on which the proposed method is measured are sensitivity, specificity, dice coefficient, jacquard index, execution time, accuracy, error rate. From the results, authors have observed proposed model gives the average accuracy value of huge number of cancer images using ISIC dataset is 98.9% and using PH2 dataset is 99.1% with minimize average less error rate. It also estimates the dice coefficient value 0.993 using ISIC and 0.998 using PH2 datasets. However, the results for the rest of the parameters remain quite the same. Therefore the outcome of this model is highly reassuring.
Psikanaliz, Rüya ve Roman
Authors: ÇETİNDAŞ Dilek
Published: December 2021

Rüyalar, tarihin ilk dönemlerinden beri, dünyanın farklı kültürleri için önemli olmuştur. Edebiyat ve rüya ikilisi ise birbiri için birer kız kardeştir. Rüyanın nakil ve yorum noktasında tahkiye ile kurduğu yakın ilişki, onu edebiyat adına bir kaynak haline getirir. Ayrıca rüya edebiyat için hem bir tema hem de kurgunun organik unsurlarından kronotop olarak işlev yüklenir. Diğer taraftan kurgusal metinler de rüya ile aynı kökten gelen söylem dilini ve fantastik özü kullanarak, rüyanın anlamlandırılmasında kullanılır. Rüyanın sembol dili, okura, edebiyat metinleri ile psikanaliz kuramlarının verilerini de birleştirme imkânı sağlar. Böylece eserin, farklı anlam katmanlarına ulaşmak da mümkün olur.

Bu makalede öncelikle Freud, Jung, Lacan, Klein, Rank ve Adler'in teorilerinden hareketle, psikanalizde rüyanın yeri irdelenecektir. Sonrasında da bahsedilen bu kuramlara uygunluk taşıyan Türk romanları üzerinden bir değerlendirmeye gidilecektir.
A relação entre a leitura e a capacidade noética de autodistanciamento
Authors: Oliveira Medrado Suzaneide , Lanosa Hernán Eduardo
Published: December 2021

O presente ensaio trata da leitura, pensada a partir de uma perspectiva existencialista, visto que se trata de uma atividade complexa da linguagem, mediada por meio da interação entre o leitor e o texto, que envolve a reflexão. Dessa maneira, a leitura pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de capacidades mais elevadas, noéticas, como o autodistanciamento, que se refere à reflexão sobre o próprio ser e sobre as situações para fazer escolhas mais coerentes com os valores e crenças. No ato de ler o leitor reflete à luz de suas experiências de vida e de leitura, na vida, também o ser humano, por meio da capacidade noética de autodistanciamento, reflete sobre os acontecimentos a partir de suas experiências, assim, é possível pensar numa relação estreita entre a leitura e o autodistanciamento.
Da leitura do mundo à leitura da palavra - áudio
Authors: Brasil Associação De Leitura do
Published: December 2021

Da leitura do mundo à leitura da palavra - áudio
Tributo a Paulo Freire
Authors: Silva Ezequiel Theodoro da
Published: December 2021

Tributo a Paulo Freire
sopro da palavra
Authors: Romaguera Alda Regina Tognini , Novaes Marcus Pereira , Costa Alan Victor Pimenta de Almeida Pales
Published: December 2021

sopro da palavra
ВІЙСЬКОВЕ БУДІВНИЦТВО В РОКИ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ РЕВОЛЮЦІЇ (1917–1921)
Authors: Бадєєва Л. І.
Published: December 2021

Стаття присвячена питанню військового будівництва в роки Української революції – після повалення самодержавства в Росії до 1921 р. Автор розглядає визначальну для долі революції тему створення національної регулярної армії, адже кожна революція повинна вміти захищати здобутки державотворення, аналізує політику Центральної Ради, уряду П. Скоропадського, Директорії та уряду ЗУНР, українських партій та їх чільних діячів щодо ролі національних Збройних Сил у державному будівництві України, у захисті її суверенітету та події, пов’язані з виступом Другого українського полку ім. гетьмана П. Полуботка влітку 1917 р. Зроблено аналіз тяжкого становища керівництва Центральної Ради взимку 1917-1918 рр., співвідношення військ і готовність їх до війни збройних сил Росії та України у січні 1918 р., причин та наслідків конфлікту між В. Винниченком та С. Петлюрою, заходів останнього щодо розбудови української армії. Розкрито заходи уряду гетьмана П. Скоропадського щодо формування збройних сил Української держави. Досліджено переваги військового будівництва в ЗУНР. Наукова новизна роботи – спроба комплексного дослідження військового будівництва як ключового фактору у відновленні та в утвердженні суверенітету держави в період Української революції, аналіз помилок та прорахунків українських урядів періоду революції (1917- 1921). Автор дійшла висновків, що Директорія, на відміну від Центральної Ради, приділяла більше уваги вирішенню питання військового будівництва та захисту революційних здобутків, але через ряд внутрішніх та зовнішніх чинників Українська революція зазнала поразки. Однією з причин було невміння українського керівництва підняти та організувати селянство. Більшовикам вдалося завдяки радикальному розв’язанню аграрного питання залучити селян до своїх лав.
МАЛОВІДОМІ ЕПІЗОДИ З ЖИТТЯ М. М. КОВАЛЕВСЬКОГО
Authors: Богдашина О. М.
Published: December 2021

У статті О. М. Богдашиної висвітлюються маловідомі факти з приватного життя відомого науковця та громадського діяча М. М. Ковалевського. Зроблено висновок про велику роль матері К. Г. Ковалевської в його дитинстві та молодості. У статті аналізуються стосунки М. М. Ковалевського з Є. М. Ковальською, С. В. Ковалевською, Л. Лоренціні та іншими жінками.
РАДЯНСЬКЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ РОБОЧОЇ СИЛИ НА ПОЧАТКУ 1920-х рр.: ВІД МІЛІТАРИЗАЦІЇ ДО ВИРОБНИЧИХ АРТІЛЕЙ
Authors: Бондар Н. О. , Кошкіна О. І.
Published: December 2021

У статті розглянуто еволюцію форм організації використання масової робочої сили у першій половині 1920-х рр. В умовах лібералізації економіки відбувалося поєднання ринкових форм організації праці з державним контролем. У період «воєнного комунізму» однією з форм організації трудових ресурсів були «революційні армії праці» і «трудові частини», залучення яких до роботи ґрунтувалося на принципі «загальної трудової повинності». Лібералізація економіки призвела до створення на їх базі державних трудових артілей, які були об'єднані в державне акціонерне будівельне товариство «Стандарт», що проіснувало до травня 1927 р.
КИЇВСЬКИЙ ВІЙСЬКОВИЙ ОКРУГ У 1862 – 1914 РОКАХ
Authors: Вановська І. М.
Published: December 2021

У статті досліджуються основні фактори створення та аналізуються головні етапи становлення та розвитку Київського військового округу протягом 1864-1914 років. Основна увага приділяється вивченню місця та ролі всіх тих процесів, що відбувалися в Київському військовому округу в межах модернізації збройних сил Російської імперії. Результати Кримської війни не залишили в російському суспільстві сумнівів в необхідності проведення військової реформи. У статті аналізується процес створення в країні військово-окружної системи, розглядаються досягнення та недоліки переозброєння армії, вдосконалення систем бойової підготовки військ, реформування комплектування армійських частин, реорганізацію системи військової освіти, шляхи та масштаби підготовки офіцерських кадрів тощо. Доводиться, що армія в Російській імперії займала особливе місце й була уні- версальним механізмом для вирішення як багатьох внутрішніх, так й зовнішньополітичних завдань, постійно вела війни за розширення території імперії.
ЗАКОНОДАВЧА БАЗА ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ ГЕТЬМАНАТУ
Authors: Дьякова О. В. , Бондаренко А. Б.
Published: December 2021

Метою даної статті є аналіз нормативної бази Збройних сил часів Гетьманату Павла Скоропадського. Методологічна основа статті базується на принципах історизму, об’єктивності й системності, з використанням загальнонаукових, спеціально-історичних та міждисциплінарних методів. Аналізуючи ситуацію, що склалася у досліджуваний період, можна зробити наступні висновки, що короткотривалий термін існування Української Держави законодавча база щодо формування Збройних сил була невеликою і не охоплювала багато напрямів військового будівництва. А деякі закони, особливо прийняті восени 1918 року, вже не могли де-факто бути втіленими у життя через стрімке падіння гетьманського режиму
ІСТОРІЯ РОЗВИТКУ ПРАВА НА ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ В СУЧАСНІЙ УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Олійник Ю. О. , Мельникова О. В.
Published: December 2021

У статті досліджується історія розвитку права на підприємництво та підприємницьку діяльність в сучасній Україні з 1991 р. Автори аналізують нормативні джерела по закріпленню і регулювання підприємницької діяльності. Пропонується авторське бачення розвитку підприємницької діяльності в Україні та даються висновки і рекомендації щодо подальшого розвитку цього права в Україні
ГЕНЕЗА ТА СУЧАСНИЙ РОЗВИТОК КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ПОКОЛІНЬ ПРАВ ЛЮДИНИ
Authors: Олійник О. М. , Бондаренко Н. О.
Published: December 2021

У статті досліджується генеза поколінь прав людини. Автори розглядають підходи провідних країн світу до аналізу історичного розвитку прав людини і формування концепції поколінь. Наведені покоління прав людини в традиційній класифікації, розглянуті різні погляди щодо віднесення прав людини до того чи іншого покоління. Робиться висновок про те, що розвиток поколінь прав людини це постійний процес, який визначається розвитком і контекстом певної історичної епохи.
АЛГОРИТМ УПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ ПРИ ВИКЛАДАННІ КУРСУ «ІСТОРІЯ СТАРОДАВНІХ ГРЕЦІЇ ТА РИМУ»
Authors: Мірошніченко С. В.
Published: December 2021

У статті визначено законодавчу базу регламентації дистанційного навчання в Україні, його переваги та основні елементи, коло авторів, алгоритм та основні аспекти впровадження курсу «Історія Стародавніх Греції та Риму» в навчальний процес із використанням як окремих сервісів, які надають комплексне забезпечення навчального процесу, та і допоміжних задля залучення максимальної кількості стандартних онлайн та офлайн сервісів для більш ефективної організації навчального процесу, зокрема, і платформи Mооdle. Сформульовані принципи впровадження курсу на цій платформі, його елементи та змістове наповнення, визначені переваги та недоліки його використання як під час навчальних занять, так і під час впровадження його як елементу самостійної роботи, а також описаний алгоритм проведення іспиту в дистанційному форматі
КУЛЬТУРНО-ОСВІТНЯ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ПОЛЬСЬКИХ ЖІНОК У МІСТАХ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ІМПЕРІЇ НАПРИКІНЦІ ХІХ – НА ПОЧАТКУ ХХ ст.
Authors: Ніколаєнко О. О.
Published: December 2021

Польські жінки традиційно відігравали важливу роль у підтримці духовної культури громади. Особливо відчутною була їх роль у великих містах імперії – Москві, Києві, Петербурзі та Одесі, де зосереджувалась значна кількість польського населення. Мета даної статті полягає у виявленні характерних рис участі жіноцтва в культурному житті полонії міст. Для цього використані методи індукції, аналізу, історико-типологічний метод. На підставі аналізу архівних джерел та досліджень з даної тематики встановлені форми участі жінок в системі освіти польського населення, філантропічній діяльності, підтримці національної культури – у розвитку театрального і музичного життя, розповсюдженні бібліотек тощо. Виявлено, що у всіх названих галузях жінки виявляли свої творчі здібності, організуючі різноманітні освітні заклади, громадські організації, мистецькі заходи.
Product Line Diversification and Its Impact on Firm Performance
Authors: Rehman Zia ur , Khan Asad , Khuhro Rafique Ahmed , Khan Abdul Ghafoor
Published: December 2021

The objective of the study is to measure product diversification’s impact on insurance firm’s financial performance in Pakistan. Analysis are carried out to examine how ownership structure, capitalization, group membership, firm size, diversification across business lines, industry concentration affects firm’s financial performance. Data from 2009-2019 is collected to measure the impact of diversification (entropy) on the risk- adjusted returns. Findings of the study reveal that business line diversification has strong positive effect on firm performance (for both ROA and ROE) which means that diversified firms perform better than non-diversified firms. For managers these findings are useful as they propose the need for diversification, capitalization, increase in size and group affiliation to enhance firm profitability.
The Emotional Intelligence of Project Manager and the Project Success
Authors: Dr. Aqsa Siddiq  , Dr. Aqsa Siddiq  , Ms. Sourath Qayyum Maher  , Dr. Mujahid Hussain
Published: December 2021

The massive failure of projects emphasizes the need to understand the factors that contribute to the project success. The projects of the construction sector in Pakistan also face difficulties of unachievable targets because of the lacking soft skills of the managers besides their technical competence. Therefore,this casual study is undertaken to check the influence of the project manager’s emotional intelligence on the success of the project in the construction sector of Pakistan. A sample of 228 out of 250 project managers (91% response rate) that work in those construction companies involved in construction projects responded, selected using convenient sampling technique. The data is analyzed using reliability study (Cronbach’s Alpha), descriptive statistics, Skewness-Kurtosis, correlation, and regression analysis. The results of the study explain that the dimensions of emotional intelligence including self-awareness and self- regulation of project managers are showing positive and significant impact on the success of construction projects. While the key finding of the study is that social awareness has insignificant impact evident that managers normally give more focus on technical and hard skills of their teams than knowing and sensing others’ feelings and perspective, and taking an active interest in their concerns. Construction industry and other project-based firms in Pakistan can take benefit from this research. Focusing on the significance of the emotional intelligence attributes and giving extensive trainings to the managers on soft skills can improve the ratio of the successful projects. The findings of the study strongly recommend soft skills training of the managers as well as the team. Further, a detailed investigation covering all the dimensions of emotional intelligence including empathy is directed for future studies.
Training, Performance Appraisal and Compensation Moderating Impact on the Relationship of Employee Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Dr. Hazrat Bilal  , Dr. Naveed Farooq  , Muhammad Waseem  , Sher Ali
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to pinpoint the impact of Employee Engagement on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. It also studies the moderating effect of training, compensation and performance appraisal on EE and OCB connection. A survey design was incorporated to select employees from Universities owned by private sector. The causal relationship was checked by regression and hierarchal multiple regression analysis was applied for the centralized impact of moderating variable on EE and OCB relationship. A total of 281 questionnaires were circulated among respondents and 266 valid responses were received back.On the basis of statistical analysis it was found that employee engagement was a good predictor and has a significant impact on OCB. However, the moderating variables training, compensation and performance appraisal were also having a significant impact on the link of employee engagement and OCB. It is recommended that the managers must focus on employees training, compensation and proper appraisal system to further nourish the citizenship behavior of employee in order to promote the organization objectives. The scope of the present research is limited to private sector universities;therefore, in future a relative study of both private and public sector universities may be carried out by considering both administrative and teaching faculty.