bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal and Orbital Evolution of Low-mass Exoplanets
Authors: Walterová Michaela , Běhounková Marie
Published: August 2020

The thermal, orbital, and rotational dynamics of tidally loaded exoplanets are interconnected by intricate feedback. The rheological structure of the planet determines its susceptibility to tidal deformation and, as a consequence, participates in shaping its orbit. The orbital parameters and the spin state, conversely, control the rate of tidal dissipation and may lead to substantial changes in the interior. We investigate the coupled thermal–orbital evolution of differentiated rocky exoplanets governed by the Andrade viscoelastic rheology. The coupled evolution is treated by a semianalytical model, 1D parameterized heat transfer, and self-consistently calculated tidal dissipation. First, we conduct several parametric studies, exploring the effect of the rheological properties, the planet size, and the orbital eccentricity on tidal locking and dissipation. These tests show that the role of tidal locking into high spin–orbit resonances is most prominent on low eccentric orbits, where it results in substantially higher tidal heating than synchronous rotation. Second, we calculate the long-term evolution of three currently known low-mass exoplanets with nonzero orbital eccentricity and absent or yet-unknown eccentricity forcing (namely GJ 625 b, GJ 411 b, and Proxima Centauri b). The tidal model incorporates the formation of a stable magma ocean and a consistently evolving spin rate. We find that the thermal state is strongly affected by the evolution of eccentricity and spin state and proceeds as a sequence of thermal equilibria. Final despinning into synchronous rotation slows down the orbital evolution and helps to maintain long-term stable orbital eccentricity.
Dust-scattering Halo and Giant Hard X-Ray Flare from the Supergiant Fast X-Ray Transient IGR J16479–4514 Investigated with XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL
Authors: Sguera V. , Tiengo A. , Sidoli L. , Bird A. J.
Published: August 2020

We report results from the analysis of XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL data of IGR J16479−4514. The unpublished XMM-Newton observation, performed in 2012, occurred during the source eclipse. No pointlike X-ray emission was detected from the source; conversely, extended X-ray emission was clearly detected up to a size distance compatible with a dust-scattering halo produced by the source X-ray emission before being eclipsed by its companion donor star. The diffuse emission of the dust-scattering halo could be observed without any contamination from the central point X-ray source, compared to a previous XMM-Newton observation published in 2008. Our comprehensive analysis of the 2012 unpublished spectrum of the diffuse emission, as well as the 2008 reanalyzed spectra extracted from three adjacent time intervals and different extraction regions (optimized for pointlike and extended emission), allowed us to clearly disentangle the scattering halo spectrum from the residual pointlike emission during the 2008 eclipse. Moreover, the pointlike emission detected in 2008 could be separated into two components attributed to the direct emission from the source and scattering in the stellar wind, respectively. From archival unpublished INTEGRAL data, we identified a very strong (∼3 × 10−8 erg cm−2 s−1) and fast (∼25 minute duration) flare that was classified as a giant hard X-ray flare, since the measured peak luminosity is ∼7 × 1037 erg s−1. Giant X-ray flares from supergiant fast X-ray transients are very rare; to date, only one has been reported from a different source. We propose a physical scenario to explain the origin in the case of IGR J16479−4514.
Photometric and Spectroscopic Analysis of Eclipsing Binary NSVS 11868841
Authors: Isenbarger Melanie , Vaccaro Todd , Kawka Adela , Vennes Stéphane
Published: August 2020

We present new photometric and spectroscopic data on the low-mass, eclipsing binary star NSVS 11868841. Light and velocity data are analyzed and modeled. Resulting best-fit models indicate a change in the orbital period. Our 2019 October observation of secondary eclipse occurs 0.01042 days prior to that predicted by the latest published ephemeris when assuming a circular orbit. Our spectroscopic data from 2009 and 2019 yield a consistent systemic velocity of −9.78 ± 1.3 km s−1 and a mass ratio of 0.928 ± 0.016, both of which are significantly different than previous studies. Orbital period changes have not been indicated in earlier works either.
Two new species of the leafhopper genus Mitjaevia Dworakowska from China (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae)
Authors: Chen Xiaoxiao , Song Yuehua , Webb Mick D.
Published: August 2020

In the present paper, two new species of the leafhopper genus Mitjaevia Dworakowska, 1970 from Guizhou Province China are described and illustrated, i.e., Mitjaevia shibingensissp. nov. and Mitjaevia dworakowskaesp. nov. A checklist to species of the genus and a key to distinguish the Chinese species of the genus are given and the female valvulae are described and figured for the first time.
Heteroonops (Araneae, Oonopidae) spiders from Hispaniola: the discovery of ten new species
Authors: Dupérré Nadine , Francisco Charlotte , Santana-Propper Ella , Agnarsson Ingi , Binford Greta J.
Published: August 2020

The Caribbean biodiversity hotspot harbors vast reserves of undiscovered species. A large-scale inventory of Caribbean arachnids (CarBio) is uncovering new species across the arachnid tree of life, and allowing inference of the evolutionary history that has generated this diversity. Herein we describe ten new species of Heteroonops (Oonopidae, or goblin spiders), from Hispaniola: H. scapulasp. nov., H. jurassicussp. nov., H. aylinalegreaesp. nov., H. verrucasp. nov., H. renebarbaisp. nov., H. yumasp. nov., H. carlosviquezisp. nov., H. gabrielsantosisp. nov., H. solanllycarreroaesp. nov. and H. constanzasp. nov. The occurrence of the pantropical type species Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon, 1891) is reported and new localities are given for: H. validus (Bryant, 1948), H. vega (Platnick & Dupérré, 2009) and H. castelloides (Platnick & Dupérré, 2009). Molecular phylogenies indicate substantial genetic divergence separating these taxa. This work adds to evidence that the depth of diversity in the Caribbean biodiversity hotspot is particularly striking for tiny taxa living in leaf litter.
Sortie d’une organisation pathologique autistique vers « le pays de la couleur » : le dilemme du traitement
Authors: Durban Joshua
Published: August 2020

Dans cet article, on décrit la progression de l’analyse à cinq séances par semaine d’un jeune homme de 21 ans, analyse qui avait commencé treize ans plus tôt et qui était toujours en cours. Ce patient, du fait qu’il appartient aux troubles du spectre autistique à haut potentiel, et bien qu’il ait des mécanismes et des traits autistiques tout à fait nets, peut nous apporter des insights nombreux sur ses difficultés à émerger d’un univers autistique vers le monde de la communication et des relations et sur les satisfactions qu’il en tire. Le cheminement du patient est passé par trois étapes : une encapsulation autistique, une organisation autistico-psychotique défensive et, finalement, une organisation pathologique maniaco-perverse avec des défenses obsessionnelles-compulsives sévères qui l’aident à éviter les souffrances de l’altérité et de la dépendance. Au cœur de ce cheminement se trouve le « Dilemme du traitement », à savoir le fait d’accepter la « cure » proposée par le psychanalyste plutôt que son propre traitement omnipotent auto-généré. Ce dilemme peut souvent dégénérer en un arrêt qui peut même aboutir à une réaction thérapeutique négative. Cependant, si nous avons en perspective les profondes angoisses du patient concernant le changement, tout en reliant cela à son agressivité, à sa destructivité, à son besoin omnipotent d’une nouvelle structure protectrice, de nouveaux changements positifs dans la relation peuvent survenir. Cela exige de la part de l’analyste la reconnaissance de sa responsabilité pour l’angoisse et la souffrance inévitables qu’il cause au patient avec sa « cure » analytique.
Prevalence of Comorbid Spasticity and Urinary Incontinence in Residents of a Long-Term Care Facility
Authors: Hacker Mallory L. , Tomaras Miranda C. , Sayce Lea , Ploucher Shelby , Naik Aaditi , Turchan Maxim , Harper Kelly A. , Hedera Peter , Charles David
Published: August 2020

The current study evaluated the prevalence of comorbid spasticity and urinary incontinence (UI) in a long-term care facility. Medical history, presence of UI, and activities of daily living (ADL) dependency were obtained from medical records and Minimum Data Set 3.0. Quality of life was assessed with the EuroQoL-5D-5L (EQ-5D). Comorbid spasticity and UI presented in 29% of participants (14 of 49). Participants with spasticity and UI had higher ADL dependency and lower EQ-5D than participants without both conditions (4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.6, 80.],
p
= 0.003; −0.17, 95% CI [−0.33, 0.00],
p
= 0.044; respectively). More than one half of participants with lower limb spasticity had severe UI, compared to only 10% without lower limb spasticity (relative risk = 5.5; 95% CI [1.9, 15.9];
p
= 0.006). Comorbid spasticity and UI may be common in the long-term care setting and negatively associated with ADL and quality of life. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46
(10), 35–42.]
Rereading Amos 7:8–17 in the context of the ‘professional’ prophets in Nigeria
Authors: Uroko Favour C. , Enobong Solomon
Published: August 2020

Examining the prophetic commission in Amos 7:8–17, this article argues that it points towards complete repudiation and disdain for the office of the professional prophets in Israel. This anger of Yahweh against Amaziah, his wife and his children for his role in King Jeroboam’s II bad leadership in Israel were analysed in relation to contemporary professional prophesying in Nigeria. Just like the ancient Israelite society, most Nigerian priests and prophets are interested in prophesying for financial gain from those in leadership positions. This is why most of their prophecies are not geared towards reprimanding political leaders concerning their actions. Instead, the professional prophets conspire against any priest or prophet who tends to speak the truth. It was concluded that for Nigeria to achieve the needed development, priests and prophets should not engage in prophecy for material gain.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The research on Amos 7:8–17 in the context of the ‘professional’ prophets in Nigeria is based on the current prophesying for financial gains that are rampant amongst priests and members of the clergy in Nigeria. They never warn political leaders against their wrong actions. It was discovered that most of these prophecies are geared towards gaining inordinate favours, political and financial inducements from those in political leadership. Disciplines implicated include Sociology, Church history and Dogmatics.
Exploration of Thioridazine-Induced Ca2+ Signaling and non-Ca2+ -Triggered Cell Death in HepG2 Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Chen I-Shu , Liang Wei-Zhe , Wang Jue-Long , Kuo Chun-Chi , Hao Lyh-Jyh , Chou Chiang-Ting , Jan Chung-Ren
Published: August 2020

Thioridazine, belonging to first-generation antipsychotic drugs, is a prescription used to treat schizophrenia. However, the effect of thioridazine on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and viability in human liver cancer cells is unclear. This study examined whether thioridazine altered Ca2+ signaling and viability in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Ca2+ concentrations in suspended cells were measured using the fluorescent Ca2+-sensitive dye fura-2. Cell viability was examined by WST-1 assay. Thioridazine at concentrations of 25–100 μM induced [Ca2+]i rises. Ca2+ removal reduced the signal by 20%. Thioridazine (100 μM) induced Mn2+ influx suggesting of Ca2+ entry. Thioridazine-induced Ca2+ entry was inhibited by 20% by protein kinase C (PKC) activator (phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate) and inhibitor (GF109203X) and by three inhibitors of store-operated Ca2+ channels: nifedipine, econazole, and SKF96365. In Ca2+-free medium, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor thapsigargin (TG) abolished thioridazine-evoked [Ca2+]i rises. On the other hand, thioridazine preincubation completely inhibited the [Ca2+]i rises induced by TG. Furthermore, U73122 totally suppressed the [Ca2+]i rises induced by thioridazine via inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC). Regarding cytotoxicity, at 30-80 μM, thioridazine reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent fashion. This cytotoxicity was not prevented by preincubation with 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA/AM) (a Ca2+ chelator). To conclude, thioridazine caused concentration-dependent [Ca2+]i rises in HepG2 human hepatoma cells by inducing Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum via PLC-associated pathways and Ca2+ influx from extracellular medium through PKC-sensitive store-operated Ca2+ entry. In addition, thioridazine induced cytotoxicity in a Ca2+-independent manner.
Influence of processing methods on the quality attributes of bio-fortified sweet potato products
Authors: Pessu P.O. , Akande S.A. , Abel G.I. , Gbabe E.K. , Adarabierin I.G. , Olagunju O.D. , Ayanda I.S.
Published: August 2020

Bio-fortified sweet potato (BSP) is one of the crops that can be used to address the problems of vitamin A deficiency in the Sub-Saharan Africa but it’s currently being underutilized. This study seeks to evaluate the effects of different heat processing methods on the quality of products made from BSP in order to increase its utilization. Freshly harvested tubers were purchased from a Research Farm in Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria and brought to the Processing Centre, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Ilorin. The sample was taken through some standard pre-processing operations of sorting, peeling, washing, slicing (2.11 mm), and deep frying (3 minutes) while some portions were boiled immediately after sorting with or without skin for 10–15 minutes. Each treated sample was analysed for sensory, proximate, vitamins and mineral compositions following standard methods. Results showed that fried sample had highest acceptability for aroma (7.25) and crispiness (7.00) while sample boiled without skin (15 min) was rated with least scores in colour (5.30), appearance (5.40), texture (4.95), crispiness (4.65) and overall acceptability (5.70). Protein, vitamin C, phenolics, flavonoids and reducing sugar contents were 6.53–18.52%, 10.89–76.69 mg/100 g, 0.57–3.15 mg/L, 94.64–383.91 mg/L and 43.05–237.12 g/100 g respectively while some minerals such as Na, K and Zn ranged from 8.42–17.45, 5.12–9.30 and 0.03–0.09 mg/L respectively. Different heat processing at different durations affected the sensory attributes, nutritional and mineral compositions of BSP.

Key words: Post-harvest, food security, potato, heat treatment, quality
Proximate composition and functional properties of composite sorghum-okara flour and sensory evaluation of local snack product (sosa)
Authors: Uzo-Peters P.I. , Ola S.T.
Published: August 2020

Partial substitution of cereals with legumes has the potential to improve the nutritional content, functionality and other properties of the composite flour. This study aimed at ascertaining the effect of partially substituting sorghum flour with okara flour and also to access the acceptability of a snack product, sosa, produced from the flour blends. The blends were produced from sorghum and okara flour using the following proportions respectively; 100:0; 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; and 60:40 with 100% sorghum serving as control. Results of the proximate composition of the flour blends showed an increase in protein (8.18%-22.73%), fat (1.7%-5.53%), crude fiber (2.9%-11.55%) and ash (1.72%- 2.83%), while the carbohydrate content decreased from (73.21% to 46.55%), with the moisture content varying between (10.81% and 12.41%). Bulk densities decreased with increase in okara substitution from 1g/ml to 0.72g/ml. The water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity increased with increase in okara substitution from 278.67ml/100g to 328ml/100g and 177.33ml/100g to 249.33ml/100g respectively. The flour blends produced can all serve as thickeners and the local snack (sosa) produced from the flour blends was favourably accepted by the panelists.

Keywords: Local snacks: supplementation: sorghum-okara: composite flour.
Influence of walnut on the nutritional and physicochemical properties of biscuits made from whole wheat
Authors: Dauda A.O. , Abiodun O.A. , Akintayo O.A. , Babayeju A.A. , Salami K.O. , Oyekanmi I.A.
Published: August 2020

In this study, the influence of walnut flour in biscuit production was studied. Biscuits were made from blends of whole wheat with walnut flours and were assessed for quality attributes and storability. Walnut was blended with whole-wheat thus: B (2%:98%); C (4%:96%); D (6%:94%); E (8%:92%) and F (10%:90%), while plain whole wheat flour served as control (Sample A). The biscuits were baked in the oven operated at 1800C for 20-30 minutes, cooled, packaged, stored for eight weeks, and analysed for physicochemical, microbial and sensory properties using standard methods. The results revealed that the proximate composition of the samples during storage were as follows: protein, moisture, ash, crude-fat, crude-fibre and carbohydrate values ranged thus: (9.30-14.26%), (10.28-12.06%), (2.20-2.92%), (13.24-16.66%), (0.69-1.17%) and (53.60-61.47%) respectively, with better nutrient stability in the treated samples when compared to the control. The colour varied with increasing substitution, while the essential amino acids were higher in the walnut-supplemented samples. The microbial load of the control was higher than those of the treated samples, due to high antioxidant activity of walnut. Sensory evaluation revealed that biscuit sample having 2% walnut flour was most preferred.

Keywords: Whole wheat flour; walnut; proximate composition; antioxidant properties; shelf life.
Eléments à prendre en compte dans la préparation et la transfusion du plasma de personnes guéries du COVID-19 dans les pays à faibles ou moyens revenus
Authors: Smid W.M. , Burnouf T. , Epstein J. , Kamel H. , Sibinga C.S. , Somuah D. , Stramer S.L. , Wendel S.
Published: August 2020

No Abstract.
Study on ruminant tick infestation, phytochemical analysis and in vitro acaricidal effect of Calpurnia aurea and Otostegia integrifolia extracts on Amblyomma variegatum
Authors: Kemal Jelalu , Alemu Sisay , Tsegaye Biniam , Tamerat Nateneal
Published: August 2020

Ticks limit the productivity of livestock through decreased production, reproduction, increased mortality, downgrading and rejection of hides and skin. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of tick infestation in ruminant while experimental study was used to evaluate the in-vitro acaricidal efficacy of methanolic extracts: Calpurnia aurea and Otostegia integrifolia and the phytochemicals present in those extracts at different concentrations (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg/ml) against Amblyomma variegatum. Adult immersion was used for the in-vitro acaricidal efficacy test and plant extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening for the presence or absence of secondary metabolites using standard procedures. Out of the 160 goats, 152 sheep and 121 cattle, 23 (14.4%), 44 (28.9%) and 28 (23.1%) were found to be positive for tick infestation, respectively. The incidence of tick infestation was significantly different (p<0.01) among ruminants. Five tick spp. were identified: A. variegatum, A. gemma, R. decoloratus, R. evertsi evertsi and R. pulchellus. Extract of C. aurea and O. integrifolia was found to contain alkaloids, saponins, phlobatannin, steroids, phenolic, flavonoids, glycosides and tannins. However, both plants were found negative for triterpens. Extracts of C. aurea and O. integrifolia at 200 and 100 mg/ml concentrations showed a significantly higher (p<0.05) acaricidal activities compared to other treatments at 24 hrs post exposure. Mortality of ticks was increased with the increased dosage (concentration) and exposure time after treatment. Extracts of C. aurea showed a significantly higher (p<0.05) tick mortality (52%) compared to those of O. integrifolia (27%). This is a promising finding to have alternative means of treatment and to substitute the use of synthetic drugs which have a wide spread drug resistance especially in developing countries like Ethiopia.

Key words: Calpurnia aurea; in-vitro test; Otostegia integrifolia; Phytochemical screening; Tick infestation
Study on the prevalence and risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in Adama city, central Ethiopia
Authors: Woldemariam Tefera , Bekele Samuel , Mamo Gezahegne , Ameni Gobena
Published: August 2020

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a serious infectious disease of cattle with significant economic impact and public health risk. It is particularly important in Ethiopia where effective control measures are lacking. This cross-sectional study was carried out between April and July 2016 on 1038 cattle selected from 206 dairy farms in Adama city located in central Ethiopia to estimate the prevalence of bTB and identify the potential risk factors using comparative intradermal tuberculin skin test. Accordingly, the individual animal level prevalence was found to be 2.1% (95% CI: 1.35 – 3.22). Of the 206 dairy farms included in the study, 7.3% (95% CI: 4.29 – 11.98) had one or more 15 cattle positive for the tuberculin test. Furthermore, 5.5% of the examined cattle were found reactive for atypical Mycobacterium. Among the risk factors considered, age and lactation status of the animals were significantly associated (p< 0.05) with the prevalence of bTB. It was noted that the apparent prevalence of bTB positive reactivity was greater in young and non-lactating cattle than their counterparts. In conclusion, the present study revealed 2.1% prevalence of bTB in the dairy farms investigated and culling of positive reactors is recommended as a feasible control intervention.

Keywords: Adama; Bovine tuberculosis; CIDT; dairy cattle; Ethiopia
Knowledge Acquisition System of Traditional Crafts in Bida and Gusau Towns in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Alhassan Jibril Attahiru , Abubakar Lawal , Ndayako Musa Majaidu , Abduldayan Fatimah Jibril , Saka Katamba Abubakar
Published: August 2020

This study investigated knowledge acquisition and transfer system among traditional crafts in Bida and Gusau towns in Northern Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study and include variables such as types of crafts practiced, sources of knowledge and skills; people involved sustainability and challenges to traditional crafts in the two towns. Case study was used with population of all traditional craftsmen in Bida and Gusau (Niger and Zamfara States) respectively. A sample size of 90 craftsmen was drawn through stratified random sampling. Descriptive statistics involving frequency counts and percentages were used to analyze the collected data. Results showed that embroidery and blacksmithing were the major crafts practiced; knowledge and skills were obtained through inheritance/initiation and that the unemployed were the major craftsmen. Other findings include ‘no alternative’ jobs as a factor that sustain traditional crafts and that limited capital was the major obstacle to traditional crafts in the two towns. The study recommended amongst others the inclusion of limitless type of crafts to various skills through formal education, vocational training, apprenticeship, etc.

Keywords: Traditional crafts, Apprenticeship, Knowledge, Skills, Nigeria
Information and Communication Technology and Research Productivity of Librarians in Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State
Authors: Lawal Wasiu Olayade , Olawale Gabriel Sola
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the impacts of Information and Communication Technology on research productivity of librarians in BOWEN University Library, Iwo, Osun State from 2017 - 2019. The study adopted a survey method. The population of the study consisted of 10 librarians. Questionnaire was adopted as research instrument to collect data from the 10 librarians in the Library through a total enumeration method. The data were analysed using descriptive statistical method. Findings revealed that the research productivity of the librarians was low. However, they made use of ICT’s for their research activities with attendant impacts. Major impacts were noticed in the area of data gathering procedures, and also collaborative research and improvement of quality and quantity of literature search and data analysis. The study recommends among others that librarians should endeavour to publish more research papers encouraged to receive trainings and necessary skills on the use of new technologies for research purpose.

Keywords: Research, Librarians, Bowen University, Research productivity, ICT
Implications of Poor Management of Students’ Academic Records in Nigerian Universities
Authors: Mabera Shehu Umar
Published: August 2020

This study assessed students’ perceived implications of poor management of students’ academic records in Nigerian universities. The study followed the single case study and was conducted at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (UDUS). The population of the study comprised of 5905 final year students from eleven faculties of the University in 2018/2019 session. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 361respondents. 320 representing 85% responded. The data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to find answers to the research questions. From the analyses it was established that delays in decision making, in graduating students, as well as loosing opportunities by the students were identified as part of the implications of poor management of the students’ academic records. The managements of the UDUS should consider the findings of the study and address these malaises for proper record management and the associated benefits.

Keywords: Students’ Records, Academic Record, Poor Records Management, University
Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Nurses at Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Port-Harcourt
Authors: March Mandu A. , Vaikosen Hannah A. , Akporoghene Enye A.
Published: August 2020

The study investigated information needs and seeking behaviour of nurses at Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Port Harcourt. It adopted a descriptive research survey. The population of the study was 352 nurses at RSUTH from which a sample 100 was drawn. Self-structured questionnaire was used. The questionnaire included a four point likert scale (4-1). Out of 100 copies of the questionnaire administered, 94 were found valid for analysis. Data was analysed using simple percentages and mean score. The findings of the study showed that nurses needed information on drugs therapy, diagnostic, patients’ management and personal development. The factors that motivated their information seeking include working environment, patients’ care, professionalism and personal development. To satisfy their curiosity, they consulted different sources of information including colleagues, internet and textbook. It also showed that nurses had a negative perception about library and information services in meeting their information needs. Inadequate information resources in the library, inadequate information retrieval skills and closed access were some of the challenges they faced when seeking for their information needs. However, they suggested training of nurses and provision of standard library for the nurses. It was recommended among other things that the library should be well equipped to meet the information needs of the nurses also the nurses should acquire information retrieval skills to enable them access information resources on the internet and databases.

Keywords:  Information needs, Information seeking behaviour, Nurses, Rivers, Health information
Caractérisation du sol du site dégradé de Sakey koira Tegui au Niger pour un meilleur reboisement avecAcacia senegal
Authors: Halidou Djabri Hassimiou , Abdou Maman Manssour , Mayaki Zoubeirou Alzouma
Published: August 2020

La dégradation des sols résultants des facteurs climatiques et anthropiques constitue l’un des problèmes majeurs de l’agriculture au Niger. En réponse à ce phénomène, les agroécosystèmes s’adaptent à travers la mise en oeuvre des techniques de gestion intégrée des eaux et des sols dont notamment le reboisement des terres dégradées. C’est ainsi que cette étude a été menée avec pour objectif de caractériser le sol dégradé du site de Sakey koira Tegui en vue d’un meilleur reboisement avec Acacia senegal. A cet effet, des profils pédologiques ont été ouverts et décrits suivant la topo-séquence du site. Des échantillons de sol ont été prélevés au niveau de chaque profil et analysés au laboratoire. Les résultats ont montré que la texture de sols est de type sableuse (72,32%) et limoneuse (45%). Quant aux caractéristiques chimiques des sols, le pH est acide variant de 5,1 à 5,53 sur l’ensemble des horizons avec une conductivité électrique de l’ordre de 13, 00 à 33, 00 μs/cm. Ces résultats montrent que ce sol de faible fertilité chimique, avec une prédominance sableuse pourrait être récupéré et reboisé avec Acacia senegal, sol de prédilection de cette espèce.

Mots clés : caractéristiques chimiques, textures, terres dégradées, Acacia senegal, Niger.

 

English Title: Soil characterization of the degraded site of Sakey koira Tegui in Niger for better reforestation with Acacia senegalSoil degradation resulting from climatic and anthropogenic factors is one of the major problems of agriculture in Niger. In response to this phenomenon, agro-ecosystems are adapting through the implementation of integrated water and soil management techniques, including reforestation of degraded land. Thus, this study was conducted with the objective of characterizing the degraded soil of the Sakey koira Tegui site for better reforestation with Acacia senegal. To this end, soil profiles were opened and described according to the topo-sequence of the site. Soil samples were taken from each profile and analysed in the laboratory. The results showed that the soil texture is sandy (72.32%) and silty (45%). As for the chemical characteristics of the soils, the pH is acidic ranging from 5.1 to 5.53 over all horizons with an electrical conductivity of 13.00 to 33.00 μs/cm. These results show that this soil of low chemical fertility, with a sandy predominance, could be recovered and reforested with Acacia senegal, the soil of predilection of this species.Keywords: Chemical characteristics, textures, degraded soils, Acacia senegal, Niger.
Farmers’ preferences and perception influencing decision to grow bio-fortified provitamin A cassava
Authors: Chidiebere-Mark Nneka M. , Anyanwu Gods’power C.
Published: August 2020

The study analysed farmers’ preferences and perception influencing decision to grow biofortified provitamin A cassava. Specifically, the study  described the socio-economic characteristics of cassava farmers in the study area; identified sources of information on biofortified provitamin A cassava; ascertained farmers’ perception of the key attributes of biofortified provitamin A cassava; ascertained farmers’ preference for biofortified provitamin A cassava; analysed sio-economic determinants of willingness to grow bio-fortified provitamin A cassava, and, constraints that hinder farmers’ decision to grow bio-fortified provitamin A cassava. It was hypothesized that the socio-economic characteristics of farmers significantly influence the decision to grow bio-fortified provitamin A cassava. Structured questionnaire and interview schedule were used to elicit data from 90 cassava farmers in the study area. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that farmers in the study area were mostly female, married, with a mean age of 50 years, mean years of formal education of 12 years, farming experience of 6 years and a mean household size of 6 persons. The sources of information on bio-fortified provitamin A cassava include agricultural extension agents, farmer groups and radio. The result also showed that farmers perceived bio-fortified provitamin A cassava to be able to make yellow Garri (Cassava granules); have low sugar content. The farmers preferred bio-fortified provitamin A cassava because of its low sugar content, ability to make yellow cassava granules (Garri) which makes it attractive for selling, and contain vitamin A which is necessary to reduce blindness. Poor access to information, poor access to bio-fortified provitamin A cassava stem, and high moisture content were some of the major constraints that affect the decision to grow bio-fortified provitamin A cassava by farmers’ in the study area. The study recommends that farmers should be given easy access to bio-fortified provitamin A cassava stems and extension agents should make more visits to cassava farmers to enlighten them on the benefits of growing biofortified provitamin A cassava.

Keywords: Cassava, Biofortified, provitamin A, Farmers, Imo State
Performance of laying hens fed graded levels of dried yellow cocoyam corm meal (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) as partial replacement for maize
Authors: Okonkwo V.N.
Published: August 2020

Yellow cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), a tropical root crop is presently underutilized as energy feedstuff in poultry diets. The objective of this  experiment was to evaluate the effects of dried cocoyam corm meal as partial replacement for maize on egg laying and haematological parameters of layer hens. Fifty-six (56) days feeding trial was conducted using one hundred and twenty (120) Isa brown layer hens of twenty weeks (20 weeks) old. Sample of the cocoyam corm meal used for this study was analyzed in the laboratory to determine its proximate nutrient composition. Results showed moisture content 79%, ash 4%, fat 1.1%, fibre 5.5%, carbohydrate 24%, protein 8.05% and energy 3160.05kcal/kg DM. The cocoyam corm meal was used to formulate layer hens’ diets: T1, T2, T3, and T4 at 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% inclusion levels respectively. The experimental layer hens were divided into four treatment groups of thirty (30) hens each which was further replicated three times, ten (10) birds per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Each group of the experimental birds was subjected to one of the experimental diets for the period of 56   days and drinking water was also provided regularly. At the expiration of the experiment, three (3) birds were selected from each group for  haematological parameters evaluation. Average daily feed and total feed intake showed no significant (P>0.05) difference though T4 was higher (P<0.05) among the treatments and T1 was the least (P<0.05). Total body weight gained was significantly (P<0.05) higher at T4. T2 was significantly (P<0.05) the lowest among other treatments. T1 had a significant (P<0.05) highest hen day egg production followed by T2 and T3 which were statistically the same (P>0.05) while T4 had the lowest (P<0.05) among the treatments. T2 had the heaviest (P<0.05) egg weight of 65.40g while T1 had the lowest (P<0.05) (61.76g) though still within the same category of large in USDA (2000) egg weight rating. Feed efficiency of feed/g egg  weight was higher at T2 (1.27). T4 (1.38) had the lowest (P<0.05) feed conversion efficiency with no significance (P>0.05) difference among values obtained from other treatments. T1 had the highest pack cell volume (P<0.05). Red blood cell, count, haemoglobin and white blood cell count values which did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among the values of T2, followed by T3. Results obtained in the haematological parameters evaluated showed significant difference (P<0.05) recorded in some values; T3 had the highest haemoglobin (20.46 pg) followed by T4 (20.34 pg), T1 had the least (19.80 pg) but still within the recommended range for layer hens for optimal performance. It is concluded that dried cocoyam corm meal (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is an ideal ingredient in layer hens diets up to 15% inclusion level for good performance.

Key words: Egg production, growth, haematology, proximate composition.
Economic analysis of the effect of flood disaster on food security of arable farming households in Southern Guinea Savanna Zone, Nigeria
Authors: Jonathan A. , Owolabi M.T. , Olatunji I.B. , Duntoye B.T. , Henshaw E.E.
Published: August 2020

The study assessed the economic analysis of the effect of flood disaster on food security of arable farming households in southern guinea savanna  zone, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 120 farmers who experienced and didn’t experience flooding in Kwara and Niger States from whom data were collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, food security index and logistics regression model. This revealed that majority of the farming household heads in the study area were predominantly young people, who were still in their active age and had at least secondary education. Also, the food security result shows that majority of the farming households who experienced flood were not food secure. The regression result shows that the coefficients which were significant were years of schooling, household size, off farm income, household expenditure and flooding. The adaptation practices adopted against flooding by households includes seasonal migration, diversification of livelihood, terracing and early harvesting. The study recommends that climatic information especially the seasonal rainfall prediction annual reports be made available early enough to farmers in the flood plain areas to reduce the effect of food insecurity.

Keywords: Flood, Food Security, Logistic Regression and Mitigate
Determination of importance value indices of some plant species using closest individual sampling techniques
Authors: Ezulike F.O. , Ukpaka C.G. , Chinyere B.C.
Published: August 2020

This study was conducted to determine the Important Value Indices (IVI) of some plants in the University farm. Eighty plant stands belonging to three families (Musaceae, Caricaceae and Arecaceae) were identified. Their frequency and coverage percentage were measured within the sampling plot. Data obtained were subjected to Chi-square analysis to test for significance at 5% level of significance. The results indicated that the mean richness of Caricaceae, Arecaceae and Musaceae species in the study area were 3, 2 and 6, respectively. The highest (p<0.05) Floral Value Index of 90.52 was recorded in plantain group while the least value (22.40) was recoreded in coconut. The relative density ranged from 7.5 to 45 for the genus Cocos l. and Musa l. The highest Relative Frequency (46.03 %) was recorded for Musa l. and the least in Cocos l respectively. The Important Value Indices ranged between 20 and 152 which indicated that Igbariam had a very rich Agricultural soil for Economic plant development particularly for the families of Musaceae. The Musaceae showed the maximum IVI, hence the most important family among the studied plant species in the Agricultural farm plot. Thus, it is concluded that Musaceae, particularly plantain, should be given special consideration in prioritizing species for crop production in the study area.

Keywords: importance value index, family importance value, plant, species, Musaceae
Influence of physico-chemical characteristics on the primary productivity of Nworie River, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ukagwu J.I. , Anyanwu D.C. , Ohaturonye S. , Offor J.I.
Published: August 2020

A twelve-month study was conducted to examine the influence of physico-chemical parameters on the primary production of Nworie River to assess its suitability for fish culture. Water samples were collected from three stations along the river course and examined for various parameters. Data collected were analyzed using multivariate analysis, stepwise linear regression and spearman correlation while Tukey’s honestly significant difference was used to separate the means. Results showed that water temperature was significantly different (p<0.05) at all stations and were within normal range for fish culture. Similar observation was made in, the levels of conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrogen-nitrate, free carbon dioxide, depth, chlorine, hardness and primary productivity. The levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) and phosphate-phosphorus were not significant (p>0.05) but within normal range for fish culture. Alkalinity and pH showed significant differences (p<0.05) in all stations during the study. In Station 1, alkalinity and pH levels were 8.06±1.9mg/l and 5.4±0.3mg/l respectively. Heavy metal concentrations recorded revealed that the levels of Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and Zinc (Zn) were significantly different (p<0.05) in all stations and were within permissible limit for fish culture while the level of lead (6.72±0.78 – 7.540.36mg/l) was not. The regression analysis revealed that variables in DO, TDS, free CO2, Cd, and depth influenced primary productivity and were both positively and negatively correlated at 5% and 1% probability levels respectively. The authors thus concluded that Nworie River may not support aquaculture development until some ecological situations are remedied.

Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, Aquaculture development, Nworie River, Fish culture
Evaluation of milt quality of Clarias anguillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Broodstock fed varying inclusion levels of wild hibiscus Azanza garckeana pulp meal
Authors: Ochokwu I.J. , Nwabunike M.O. , Udeh G.N.
Published: August 2020

Feeding trial was carried out to evaluate sperm quality of Clarias anguillaris broodstock fed varying inclusion levels of goron tula, Azanza garckeana pulp meal. The fish (mean weight 500g) were randomly distributed in concrete tanks (2 x 2 x 1.2m) at nine fish/tank in triplicates. Five isonitrogenous diets (40% CP) were formulated with the pulp meal incorporated at the rate of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of the diet. Fish were fed at 3% of body weight for 56days. At the end of the feeding trial, results showed that dietary A. garckeana significantly (p<0.05) improved the milt quality of C. anguillaris. The broodfish fed 20% A. garckeana inclusion level had the highest (p<0.05) milt volume, sperm motility duration, testes lobe lengths, and whole sperm count while the least values of these variables were observed in group fed with the control diet (0% inclusion level). The findings conclusively revealed that increase in the level of A. garckeana pulp meal in the diet resulted into increase in sperm quality of C. anguillaris. Thus, the pulp meal can be freely utilized in catfish production in terms of sperm quality for mass fingerling production.

Keywords: A. garckeana, Clarias anguillaris, sperm count, motility duration, milt volume.
Percentage preference/proximate composition of some plants species used as livestock feed in Idemili South, Anambra State
Authors: Adawai C.H. , Ukpaka C.G. , Chinyere B.C.
Published: August 2020

The study assessed percentage preference and proximate composition of some selected plant species in Idemili South Area of Anambra State. Plants were identified and collected for herbarium preparation. A total of 23 different species belonging to 16 families were identified. These consisted of 11 trees, 4 shrubs, 3 herbs and 3 grasses. These plants were harvested, processed and stored separately. A 25 gm portion of each plant was measured and administered to 3 matured goats per day. The feeding trial lasted for 23 days. The frequency and rate of consumption of each plant was determined using a stop watch. The results showed that Manihot esculenta representing 73.3 % was highly preferred plant by all the animals while Colocasia esculenta having 18.7 % was moderately preferred. Proximate composition of the fodder was determined using standard method and results revealed that protein content ranged from 5.85% in Tridax procumbens and 23.86% in Desmodium scorpiurus. Lipid content ranged between 1.31 % and 8.37 % for Carica papaya and Manihot esculenta respectively while crude fibre content ranged from 8.09 to 33.01% in Tridax procumbens and Pennisetum purpureum respectively. The highest ash content (11.28 %) was recorded in Colocasia esculenta while the least level (2.17 %) in Tridax procumbens. Also, moisture content was observed to be highest in Manihot esculenta (10.29 %) and least in Dialium guineensis, while carbohydrate contents ranged between 13.41 % and 67.82 % for Persea americana and Tridax procumbens respectively. It could be concluded that plant species under this study were found to be rich in essential nutrients but Vernonia amygdalina, Amaranthus spinosus, Manihot esculenta, Ficus elasticoides and Milicia excelsa were most preferred plant species by experimental animals.

Keywords: Plant species, goat, livestock feed, proximate composition, Idemili South Area
Food security: Review of fishery development in Nigeria
Authors: Onwuka C.N. , Ohaturuonye S.O.
Published: August 2020

The importance of fish as food and animal protein for man and livestock, source of income and employment was discussed. The trend in fisheries development is x-rayed, with general characteristics of rural fisheries explained. The problems, constraints and likely solutions were highlighted. Recommendations were made for sustainable fisheries activities in Nigeria. Fisheries business is capable of increasing Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to solve substantially the country’s unemployment problems and support Federal Government’s agenda on food security for all Nigerians.

Keywords: Nigeria fishing industry, artisanal fishery, industrial fishery, aquaculture.
Comparative effects of ovaprim and pituitary hormone on the inducement, hatchability, survival and growth performance of Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Ikechukwu C.C. , Nsofor C.I. , Ikeogu C.F. , Ogbonnaya H.F.
Published: August 2020

The effects of Ovaprim and catfish pituitary extracts on inducement, hatchability and growth of Clarias gariepinus were assessed. Fifteen broodfish, (9 males and 6 females) having mean weight of 1kg were procured and used for the study. All brood fish were selected by external morphological characteristics following standard procedures. The hatchlings were further raised for ten weeks for growth study. The water parameters monitored were dissolved oxygen (6.65mg/l), pH (7.3) and temperature (28ºC). The results showed that there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the mean fecundity of 29,852.67fish in Ovaprim and 26,230.00fish in pituitary extracts and hatchability rate (83.00% in Ovaprim and 81.67% in pituitary extracts). Survival rates of the fingerlings were 74.67% in Ovaprim and 76.67% in pituitary. However, significant changes (p<0.05) were observed in growth parameters such as weight gain, percentage weight gain and specific growth rates. From the results, Ovaprim is highly recommended to hatchery users considering the rate of fertilization, hatchability, survival, growth rate, low cost and availability.

Keywords: Pituitary extract, Ovaprim, hypophysation and Clarias gariepinus