bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a sensitive awake craniotomy: assessment of electrical mapping thresholds
Authors:   ERNONFOR Neurosciences Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed 5 University, Rabat, Morocco, Bouadel Abderrahim , El Hassani Mohamed ,   Neurosurgery Department, Neurosurgery Pedagogy and Research Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital University Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mohamed 5, Rabat, Morocco, Oudrhiri Mohamed Yassaad ,   Neurosurgery Department, Neurosurgery Pedagogy and Research Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital University Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mohamed 5, Rabat, Morocco, Jiddane Mohamed ,   Radiology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital University Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mohamed 5, Rabat, Morocco, Kabbaj Saad ,   Anesthesia Department, Ibn Sina Hospital University Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mohamed 5, Rabat, Morocco, El Ouahabi Abdessamad ,   Neurosurgery Department, Neurosurgery Pedagogy and Research Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital University Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mohamed 5, Rabat, Morocco
Published: February 2023

Background. Awake surgery is currently a safe and reliable alternative for identifying and preserving functional areas. However, this protocol has evolved over time to minimize the occurrence of electrical stimulation-induced seizures and postoperative deficits. Objective. The aim of this study is to highlight both internal and external factors influencing the language and sensorimotor thresholds of electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) during gliomas awake surgery. Material and methods. From October 2016 to April 2022, we performed a retrospective study on 74 patients underwent awake craniotomy of gliomas in two series based on ESM: group 1 and group 2. Preoperatively and three months after surgery, general performance and neurological deficits were assessed according to the type, location, and side of the tumor in correlation with ASA, BMI, Mallampati and KPS indexes. Results. The outcome shows that the median patient age was 49 years old in a range of [13-70], functional mapping was performed in language areas for 96% of patients and motor functions for 54%. In addition, 55.5% of the patients had HGG, 40.5% had LGG, and 4% had AVMs. Most lesions were in the temporal area (40.5%), followed by the frontal area (31%), 24.5% for insular area, 4% for the parietal area, and 85% of patients had left-sided lesions. The overall rate of intraoperative complications fell from 16.2% in group 2 to 1.35% in group 1. Conclusions. Under the ESM threshold of group 1, a high-quality of awake surgery can be used with optimally low complications and failure rates regardless of BMI, ASA rating, Mallampati and KPS scores or smoking status.
A note on graph theory techniques for brain tumor detection
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (KARE), Tamilnadu, India, Venkataraman Yegnanarayanan
Published: February 2023

Brain Tumors are detected in people of all age groups. It leads to various complications that are both physiological and psychological. Graph theory techniques are employed to study both functional and structural behavior of brain networks. In this article we discuss the pertinence of the computation of graph structural parameters and explain how perceptual clustering techniques enable the detection of the low/high grade of tumor and the pace with which it progresses and how Graph cut approaches are exploited to probe vision related factors like similarity and proximity and indicate the possibility of application to stereo, image re-impose, texture concoction and image departmentalization.
Aportación al conocimiento del arte rupestre en Letur: el abrigo del Cortijo de Sorbas IV
Authors: Mateo Saura Miguel Ángel , Mateo Giménez Samuel
Published: February 2023

Presentamos en este trabajo las pinturas prehistóricas del Cortijo de Sorbas IV. Aunque las pinturas, por los numerosos desconchados del soporte, muestran un pésimo estado de conservación, la morfología de los restos documentados y de las figuras mejor conservadas permiten adscribir este nuevo yacimiento al estilo levantino. Con este nuevo abrigo son doce los yacimientos que conocemos en el entorno del Cerro Barbatón de Letur. Pertenecientes tanto al estilo levantino como al esquemático, convierten la zona en un espacio destacado del fenómeno artístico prehistórico dentro del núcleo del Alto Segura.
Las Brigadas Internacionales y su Memoria Histórica: Olvido en la ciudad que fue su sede
Authors: Sánchez Martínez Tomás
Published: February 2023

Albacete fue sede de las Brigadas Internacionales durante la Guerra Civil y pese a ser un acontecimiento inédito de importancia internacional, no parece verse reflejado en el Albacete de hoy en día. Los albaceteños suelen conocer que esto pasó en su ciudad, pero normalmente lo consideran más una curiosidad que parte de su historia, por lo que el conocimiento suele ser muy superficial. Además, hay pocas evidencias visibles sobre las Brigadas en la provincia, por lo que autóctonos y visitantes no aprecian con facilidad su relevancia e interés histórico. De esta forma, en el presente trabajo abordaremos precisamente este olvido hacia las Brigadas en Albacete viendo su memoria histórica en distintos ámbitos y trataremos de darle una explicación. El artículo pone el foco de atención en un aspecto un tanto olvidado de nuestra historia y alerta sobre la importancia de darlo a conocer mejor fuera del ámbito académico.
Knowledge-based Economy as a Form of Noonomy and its Socio-Economic Impact
Authors:   Research Center of Economic and Social Development at the Chinese Academy of  Social Sciences, Enfu Cheng , Siyang Gao ,   School of Marxism, Liaoning University
Published: February 2023

the article defines intellectual economy as an economic activity based on artificial intelligence technologies and explores its specifics in the field of economic relations. It is noted that even seemingly equal relations of participants in intellectual activity to capitalist firms-customers conceal exploitation, since workers receive nothing but wages, and the effect of using intellectual products is appropriated by capital. The process of displacement of living labor by artificial intelligence does not mean the disappearance of value creation by labor, because in the process of value creation, capital compensates for the reduction of living labor in sectors with a high organic composition of capital by constantly creating new industries with a low organic composition of capital. The article emphasizes that only by returning to Marx’s system of political economy will we be able to understand the dialectical relationship between intangible labor, intellectual technologies and capital and provide a theoretical basis for the qualitative and effective development of the intellectual economy. The intellectual economy arises and develops in a certain social context and is limited by the existing social system. For the Chinese social system, the discussion of the intellectual economy and its social impact should take into account the requirements of the socialist system, for example, the ownership platform in the form of state capital, the coordination of relations between capital and labor, the free and comprehensive development of people, the direct unification of people and means of production
Noonomy as a Managing Paradigm of the New World Economic Order.
Authors:   Eurasian Economic Commission, Glaziev S.Yu.
Published: February 2023

Upon the analysis of the the large-scale structural changes taking place in the world, the author predicts two possible scenarios of socio-economic development: the formation of an integral world economic structure with the world economic centers in Southeast Asia (as the most probable) and the transition to a total oligarchic regime under the control of the United States of America, i.e. to an electronic concentration camp (as less likely). It is noted that the formation of a socially just society is one of the most important management problems. The era of the domination of the civilization of money with the threat of being in a post-humanoid state should come to its logical conclusion. The theoretical potential of noonomy makes it possible to model this transition of mankind to a new advanced stage of civilizational development, the motives of which should be focused on achieving non-economic goals based on cooperation, mutual benefit, mutual understanding, respect for national sovereignties, on connection of knowledge and technology with spiritual, moral, cultural and ethical principles and norms.
Fundamental civilizational shifts from the point of view of the method of political economy
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kolganov A.I.
Published: February 2023

the world civilization is currently facing not only problems caused by profound shifts in the global balance of economic and political forces, but also the growing need to resolve universal issues, including a dangerous aggravation of the ecological crisis, the erosion of human self-identification, and the growth of military confrontation as well. At the same time, technological progress bears the possibility of alleviating the resource strains on the natural environment, developing the creative content of human activity, and of reasonable consumption limitation on its own. The nature of social relations in which scientific and technological progress develops determines the choice between these two tendencies. Ultimately, the solution of the issue lies in the transition from economic rationality to rationality based on the criteria of reason and culture. However, as long as we remain within the boundaries of an economic society, it is necessary to learn how to single out those economic relations and institutions that will contribute to a gradual transition from a self-destructive orientation towards economic rationality and the solution to the civilizational crisis. The study of these relations and institutions is the subject of political economy, which makes it possible to reveal the fundamental foundations for the development of the socio-economic structure of society.
Adoption of Smart Farming Technology Among Rice Farmers
Authors: Nur Badriyah Kamarul Zaman  , Wan Nur Aisyah Abdul Raof  , Abdul Rahman Saili  , Nur Nabila Aziz  , Fazleen Abdul Fatah  , Selvakkumar K. N. Vaiappuri
Published: February 2023

Application of smart farming technology in rice farming activity is relevant in facing the challenges in achieving food security and improving the wellbeing of farmers. In Malaysia, food security is synonymous with the adequacy of rice domestic supply for the Malaysian population. Therefore, to achieve the target set in Sustainable Development Goal 2 which is to achieve zero hunger, the rice sector needs to be more competitive by encouraging farmers to utilize modern technology. Smart farming is an emerging concept of farm management that combines information and communication technologies into modern machinery like IoT, drones, and Artificial Intelligence to increase the value of agricultural products as well as reduce the cost of production while improving the well-being of farmers through income increment. Therefore, this study is conducted to explore the adoption of smart farming among paddy farmers in one of the country’s granary areas which is in Barat Laut Selangor under the administration of the Integrated Agriculture Development Area. This study will employ qualitative methods and interviews will be conducted. This study is urgently needed due to the twofold agenda: Malaysia is moving towards a high-income country and the importance for food security assurance has been acknowledged.
NT - 56 - Diest - Por dentro do Mapa das OSCs : metodologia da base de dados (versão 2021)
Authors: Pereira Ana Camila Ribeiro , Andrade Pedro Gomes
Published: February 2023

Esta nota técnica é a segunda edição da série Por dentro do Mapa das Organizações da Sociedade Civil (Mosc) e tem o objetivo de atualizar a edição anterior, lançada em 2019 (Andrade e Pereira, 2019), apresentando a metodologia vigente do Mosc (versão 2021). O texto está segmentado em quatro seções, além desta introdução. A seção 2 apresenta a fonte de dados utilizada e a metodologia de identificação das organizações da sociedade civil (OSCs), seguida pela seção 3 que apresenta como é construído o cadastro de OSCs do Mosc, detalhando o algoritmo. A seção 4 indica como são classificadas as OSCs, e a seção 5 apresenta informações adicionais que estão presentes no Mosc, oriundas de outras fontes de dados.
The Inconsistency of the 'Lawful Correction' of Children Defence with Queensland's New Human Rights Act
Authors: McInnes-Smith Sienna
Published: February 2023

Despite persistent criticism from international human rights bodies and experts, Queensland continues to permit the ‘lawful correction’ of children as a defence to criminal offences committed against them. The recent introduction of a human rights framework in Queensland further highlights the disconnect between the State’s correction defence, contemporary understanding of the deleterious effects of physically punishing children, and children’s human rights principles. This article examines this disconnect and the consistency of the Queensland defence with the Human Rights Act 2019 (Qld). To this end, it outlines the current position in the medical and psychological literature that corporal punishment has severe consequences for children. It also explains the scope of the Queensland defence and compares it to other Australian jurisdictions. The article then turns to an analysis of the consistency between the defence and the Human Rights Act. It concludes that the defence repudiates human rights guarantees in Queensland, as well as the international framework for children’s rights, and identifies avenues for reform.
Kesukaran Hidup Manusia dalam Perspektif Injil Yohanes
Authors: Afandi Kriswahono Umbar
Published: February 2023

The background of the writing of this paper is the hardships of life that humans experience in living their lives. The difficulties of life are not only false shadows, but are facts that exist in human life that cannot be avoided in human life. In particular, this paper discusses difficulties according to John's view. The problematic issue of this problem is the hardships of life experienced by humans when Jesus served his ministry. Are the difficulties in life experienced by people is the result of their sins or is there something else? To answer this problem, the researcher used the literature method with a descriptive qualitative approach, the researcher also conducted studies from several sources in the form of theological journals, theology books related to the theme and used the Bible as the primary source. From the research results, the researcher found the answer that the difficulties of living according to Gospel of John are aimed at revealing God's works to humans.Penulisan paper ini dilatarbelakangi dengan adanya kesukaran hidup yang dialami manusia dalam menjalani kehidupanya. Kesukaran hidup bukan hanya bayang-bayang semu saja, tetapi merupakan fakta-fakta yang ada kehidupan manusia yang tidak dapat dihindari dalam kehidupan manusia. Secara khusus paper ini membahas kesukaran menurut pandangan Yohanes, pokok problematis permasalahan ini adalah adanya kesukaran hidup yang dialami oleh manusia pada saat Yesus menjalani pelayananya. Apakah kesukaran hidup yang dialami orang merupakan akibat dari dosanya atau ada yang lain. Untuk menjawab permasalahan ini peneliti menggunakan metode pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, peneliti juga melakukakan kajian dari beberapa sumber berupa jurnal teologi, buku-buku teologi yang berhubungan dengan tema dan menggunakan Alkitab sebagai sumber primer. Dari hasil penelitian, peneliti menemukan jawaban bahwa kesukaran hidup menurut teologi Yohanes bertujuan untuk menyatakan pekerjaan-pekerjaan Allah  kepada manusia
Implementasi Strategi Nilai Sejarah Gereja Indonesia Masa Hindia-Belanda Untuk Kemajuan Penginjilan Masa Kini
Authors: Hermanto Yanto Paulus , Purnama Wahyu Sapta , Olsin Olsin , Lumbantoruan Stivani , Situmorang Bait Adetya
Published: February 2023

AbstrakDalam sejarah gereja Indonesia pada masa Hindia-Belanda memiliki nilai-nilai penting yang dapat diimplementasikan bagi kemajuan penginjilan masa kini. Ini merupakan kajian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan strategi penginjilan yang  diperoleh dari sejarah gereja Indonesia pada masa Hindia-Belanda yang dapat diimplementasikan bagi penginjilan masa kini. Dari hasil pembahasan, maka diperoleh strategi penginjilan yang dapat diimplementasikan pada masa kini, yakni yang meliputi strategi pendidikan dan kebijakan.AbstrackIn the history of the Indonesian church during the Dutch East Indies period, it has important values that can be implemented for the advancement of evangelism today. This is a qualitative study that aims to explain evangelistic strategies derived from the history of the Indonesian church during the Dutch East Indies period that can be implemented for today's evangelism. From the results of the discussion, an evangelistic strategy is obtained that can be implemented today, which includes education and policy strategies.
Masa Persiapan Di Masa Intertestamental Bagi Misi Gereja Mula-Mula
Authors: Arysantosa I Gede Puji
Published: February 2023

Misi Allah kepada dunia adalah tema sentral yang mengikat Perjanjian Lama dan Perjanjian Baru. Inilah hal yang terus dilakukan Allah dalam sejarah manusia, termasuk pada masa intertestamental.  Titik penghubung di antara kedua perjanjian itu adalah janji Tuhan kepada Abraham untuk memasukkan semua suku dan bangsa di bumi masuk ke dalam anugerah berkat-Nya.Alkitab sesungguhnya dimulai dengan tema misi di Kitab Kejadian dan terus bergerak tanpa henti sepanjang keseluruhan Perjanjian Lama dan berlanjut ke dalam Perjanjian Baru. Jika kita hendak mengenali teks Amanat Agung di Perjanjian Lama, maka pasti yang dimaksud adalah Kejadian 12:3 – “olehmu (Abraham) semua kaum di muka bumi akan mendapat berkat.” Inilah sebuah pernyataan paling awal dari fakta bahwa merupakan tujuan dan rencana Allah untuk melihat berita tentang anugerah dan berkat-Nya sampai kepada setiap orang di atas planet bumi. Kalau kita melihat lebih dalam lagi, sesungguhnya berita itu tidak dimulai di sana. Dasar dari berita itu berasal dari Kejadian 3:15, tetapi di Kejadian 12:3 terdapat deklarasi dan pengumumannya dalam bentuk yang paling ringkas. Apa yang dinyatakan sejak zaman Abraham berlanjut pada masa intertestamental. Dengan demikian masa intertestamental menjadi masa persiapan (time of preparation)untuk kedatangan Tuhan Yesus dan misi Paulus serta misi yang dilakukan oleh gereja mula-mula.
Pentingnya Hikmat Dalam Menghadapi Keadaan Yang Serba Sulit: Refleksi Surat Yakobus
Authors: Hardiyanto Gideon
Published: February 2023

Setiap orang percaya tidak luput dari segala tantangan dan kesulitan hidup, untuk itu dibutuhkan hikmat guna menghadapinya. Tuhan berjanji memberikan hikmat bagi setiap orang yang meminta dalam iman. Berdasar pada surat Yakobus, paper ini mengemukakan bagaimana memperoleh hikmat yang sejati dari Allah sehingga orang Kristen dapat menghadapi keadaan yang serba sulit tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan pustaka, dan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa hikmat yang berasal dari Allah menuntun langkah setiap orang percaya dalam bersikap, berperilaku dan menilai realitas yang terjadi, menjamin perilaku yang murni yang membuahkan buah-buah yang baik, serta menaungi dan mengarahkan untuk menghadapi segala persoalan kehidupan yang Tuhan izinkan untuk dialami.
Eksistensi Siaran Radio Immanuel Surakarta Dalam Mengemban Amanat Agung Kristus
Authors: Hermawan Widya , Tamtomo Setya Budi , Purwoto Paulus
Published: February 2023

Radio is an effective and wide-reaching medium, the benefits of radio are to entertain and convey news. Radio broadcasts are an effective means of actualization to carry out the Great Commission of Christ, as well as preaching the gospel as a missionary call and spearhead for a church. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach in the field involving eleven participants regarding Immanuel Surakarta radio broadcasts. The results show that Radio Immanuel has made broadcasts that continue to innovate and be creative, so that it can reach many people in general and needs to be developed again for young people so that they are interested and have their spiritual needs fulfilled in Immanuel's radio broadcast content such as Renungan Pagi, Tifara On Air, Discipleship, Spiritual Songs, Prayer Line, Church Worship. This content is creative and innovative content that can reach and have an impact on the spiritual growth of Immanuel radio listeners, and Immanuel radio has carried out the Great commission of Christ. It is a consideration with the emergence of new radio broadcast media such as Spotify music, Joox music and Podcast which of course have their own advantages which can be combined through analog radio broadcasts so that content related to the Great Commission of Christ is increasingly expanded in today's progress.Radio merupakan media yang efektif dan jangkauannya luas, manfaat radio untuk menghibur dan penyampai berita. Siaran radio menjadi sarana aktualisasi yang efektif untuk mengemban amanat Agung Kristus, demikian juga pekabaran Injil merupakan panggilan misi dan ujung tombak bagi sebuah gereja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif lapangan yang melibatkan sebelas partisipan berkenaan dengan siaran radio Immanuel Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Radio Immanuel sudah membuat siaran yang terus berinovasi dan kreatif, sehingga dapat menjangkau banyak orang secara umum dan perlu dikembangkan lagi bagi anak-anak muda agar mereka tertarik dan terpenuhi kebutuhan rohaninya di dalam konten-konten siaran radio Immanuel seperti Renungan Pagi, Tifara On Air, Pemuridan, Lagu-lagu Rohani, Line Doa, Ibadah Gereja. Konten ini adalah konten yang kreatif dan inovatif yang dapat menjangkau dan memberikan dampak bagi pertumbuhan rohani pendengar radio Immanuel, dan radio Immanuel telah melakukan amanat Agung Kristus. Menjadi pertimbangan dengan munculnya media baru siaran radio seperti Spotify music, Joox music dan Podcast yang tentunya mempunyai keunggulan tersendiri yang dapat dikombinasi melalui siaran radio secara analog sehingga konten-konten yang berhubungan dengan amanat Agung Kristus semakin diperluas dalam kemajuan zaman sekarang ini.
Mass Production of 2021 KMTNet Microlensing Planets II
Authors: Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Yang Hongjing , Gould Andrew , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Han Cheongho , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Kil Jung Youn , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W.
Published: February 2023

We continue our program of publishing all planets (and possible planets) found by eye in 2021 Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) online data. We present four planets (KMT-2021-BLG-0712Lb, KMT-2021-BLG-0909Lb, KMT-2021-BLG-2478Lb, and KMT-2021-BLG-1105Lb), with planet-to-host mass ratios in the range

−
3.3
≲
log
q
≲
−
2.2

. This brings the total of secure, by-eye, 2021 KMTNet planets to 16, including 8 in this series. The by-eye sample is an important check of the completeness of semiautomated detections, which are the basis for statistical analyses. One of the planets, KMT-2021-BLG-1105Lb, is blended with a relatively bright (I, V) ∼ (18.9, 21.6) star that may be the host. This could be verified immediately by high-resolution imaging. If so, the host is an early G dwarf, and the planet could be characterized by radial velocity observations on 30 m class telescopes.
Mass Function of a Young Cluster in a Low-metallicity Environment. Sh 2-209
Authors: Yasui Chikako , Kobayashi Naoto , Saito Masao , Izumi Natsuko , Ikeda Yuji
Published: February 2023

We present deep near-infrared (NIR) imaging of Sh 2–209 (S209), a low-metallicity ([O/H] = −0.5 dex) H ii region in the Galaxy. From the NIR images, combined with astrometric data from Gaia EDR3, we estimate the distance to S209 to be 2.5 kpc. This is close enough to enable us to resolve cluster members clearly (≃1000 au separation) down to a mass-detection limit of ≃ 0.1 M
⊙, and we have identified two star-forming clusters in S209, with individual cluster scales ∼1 pc. We employ a set of model luminosity functions to derive the underlying initial mass functions (IMFs) and ages for both clusters. The IMFs we obtained for both clusters exhibit slightly flat high-mass slopes (Γ ≃ −1.0) compared to the Salpeter IMF (Γ = −1.35), and their break mass of ≃0.1 M
⊙ is lower than those generally seen in the solar neighborhood (∼0.3 M
⊙). In particular, because the S209 main cluster is a star-forming cluster with a larger number of members (∼1500) than the number (∼100) in regions previously studied in such environments, it is possible for the first time to derive the IMF in a low-metallicity environment with high accuracy over the wide mass range of 0.1–20 M
⊙.
The Radio Structure of the γ-Ray Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy SDSS J211852.96-073227.5
Authors: Shao Xi , Gu Minfeng , Chen Yongjun , Yang Hui , Yao Su , Yuan Weimin , Shen Zhiqiang
Published: February 2023

The γ-ray narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies can be considered to be the third class of γ-ray active galactic nuclei possessing relativistic jets. In this paper, we present multi-band high-resolution Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) images of the γ-ray NLS1, SDSS J211852.96-073227.5 (J2118-0732, z = 0.26). We find a core-jet radio morphology and significant flux density variations in the radio core. The high brightness temperature estimated from VLBA images and core variability demonstrate that it exhibits substantial relativistic beaming effects. By considering radio emission in several bands, we find that the source has an inverted spectrum above 1 GHz but a steep spectrum at low frequencies ranging from 74 MHz–1 GHz; these may arise from the present activity and the old diffuse/extended emission, respectively. The core-jet morphology, significant flux density variations, and beaming effect make J2118-0732 resemble a blazar. Considering the low mass of its central black hole and the ongoing merger environment, J2118-0732 may represent a low-mass, low-power counterpart of blazars, and may finally evolve into a blazar.
A Preferential Growth Channel for Supermassive Black Holes in Elliptical Galaxies at z ≲ 2
Authors: Farrah Duncan , Petty Sara , Croker Kevin S. , Tarlé Gregory , Zevin Michael , Hatziminaoglou Evanthia , Shankar Francesco , Wang Lingyu , Clements David L , Efstathiou Andreas , Lacy Mark , Nishimura Kurtis A. , Afonso Jose , Pearson Chris , Pitchford Lura K
Published: February 2023

The assembly of stellar and supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass in elliptical galaxies since z ∼ 1 can help to diagnose the origins of locally observed correlations between SMBH mass and stellar mass. We therefore construct three samples of elliptical galaxies, one at z ∼ 0 and two at 0.7 ≲ z ≲ 2.5, and quantify their relative positions in the M
BH−M
* plane. Using a Bayesian analysis framework, we find evidence for translational offsets in both stellar mass and SMBH mass between the local sample and both higher-redshift samples. The offsets in stellar mass are small, and consistent with measurement bias, but the offsets in SMBH mass are much larger, reaching a factor of 7 between z ∼ 1 and z ∼ 0. The magnitude of the SMBH offset may also depend on redshift, reaching a factor of ∼20 at z ∼ 2. The result is robust against variation in the high- and low-redshift samples and changes in the analysis approach. The magnitude and redshift evolution of the offset are challenging to explain in terms of selection and measurement biases. We conclude that either there is a physical mechanism that preferentially grows SMBHs in elliptical galaxies at z ≲ 2, or that selection and measurement biases are both underestimated, and depend on redshift.
The Supersonic Project: The Early Evolutionary Path of Supersonically Induced Gas Objects
Authors: Lake William , Naoz Smadar , Burkhart Blakesley , Marinacci Federico , Vogelsberger Mark , Chiaki Gen , Chiou Yeou S. , Yoshida Naoki , Nakazato Yurina , Williams Claire E.
Published: February 2023

Supersonically induced gas objects (SIGOs) are a class of early universe objects that have gained attention as a potential formation route for globular clusters. SIGOs have recently begun to be studied in the context of molecular hydrogen cooling, which is key to characterizing their structure and evolution. Studying the population-level properties of SIGOs with molecular cooling is important for understanding their potential for collapse and star formation, and for addressing whether SIGOs can survive to the present epoch. Here, we investigate the evolution of SIGOs before they form stars, using a combination of numerical and analytical analysis. We study timescales important to the evolution of SIGOs at a population level in the presence of molecular cooling. Revising the previous formulation for the critical density of collapse for SIGOs allows us to show that their prolateness tends to act as an inhibiting factor to collapse. We find that simulated SIGOs are limited by artificial two-body relaxation effects that tend to disperse them. We expect that SIGOs in nature will be longer lived compared to our simulations. Further, the fall-back timescale on which SIGOs fall into nearby dark matter halos, potentially producing a globular-cluster-like system, is frequently longer than their cooling timescale and the collapse timescale on which they shrink through gravity. Therefore, some SIGOs have time to cool and collapse outside of halos despite initially failing to exceed the critical density. From this analysis we conclude that SIGOs should form stars outside of halos in nonnegligible stream velocity patches in the universe.
Oscillatory Reconnection as a Plasma Diagnostic in the Solar Corona
Authors: Karampelas Konstantinos , McLaughlin James A. , Botha Gert J. J. , Régnier Stéphane
Published: February 2023

Oscillatory reconnection is a relaxation process in magnetized plasma, with an inherent periodicity that is exclusively dependent on the properties of the background plasma. This study focuses on the seismological prospects of oscillatory reconnection in the solar corona. We perform three sets of parameter studies (for characteristic coronal values of the background magnetic field, density, and temperature) using the PLUTO code to solve the fully compressive, resistive MHD equations for a 2D magnetic X-point. From each parameter study, we derive the period of the oscillatory reconnection. We find that this period is inversely proportional to the characteristic strength of the background magnetic field and the square root of the initial plasma temperature, while following a square root dependency upon the equilibrium plasma density. These results reveal an inverse proportionality between the magnitude of the Alfvén speed and the period, as well as the background speed of sound and the period. Furthermore, we note that the addition of anisotropic thermal conduction only leads to a small increase in the mean value for the period. Finally, we establish an empirical formula that gives the value for the period in relation to the background magnetic field, density, and temperature. This gives us a quantified relation for oscillatory reconnection, to be used as a plasma diagnostic in the solar corona, opening up the possibility of using oscillatory reconnection for coronal seismology.
Differences in Ferritin and Hemoglobin Levels Before and After Administration of Iron Sucrose Injection to Second or Third Trimester Pregnant Women at Araskabu Public Health Center, Deli Serdang
Authors: Marpaung Johny , Dewi Mega Sari , Effendi Iman Helmi , Dina Sarah , Asroel Edwin M. , Situmorang Mulda F. , Ardiansyah Edy
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Anemia cases in pregnant women in Indonesia are still high because pregnant women do not routinely take iron supplements or often referred as Tablet Tambah Darah because of the side effects it causes. An alternative to this problem is the intravenous administration of iron sucrose. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine differences in ferritin and hemoglobin (Hb) levels before and after administration of iron sucrose injection to pregnant women in the second or third trimester at Araskabu Public Health Center, Deli Serdang. METHODS: This is an analytical study with a Quasi-Experimental Pre-Post Design for Second or Third Trimester Pregnant Women at Araskabu Public Health Center, Deli Serdang which was carried out in April 2022 by blood sampling and administration of iron sucrose injection intravenously, and then blood sampling was repeated 14 days after the injection in May 2022. The subjects in this study were 25 pregnant women aged 20–40 years who had antenatal care selected using the Consecutive Sampling technique. The difference in the mean of ferritin and Hb was analyzed using the paired t-test if the data are normally distributed and the Wilcoxon test if the data are not normally distributed. The results were significant if p < 0.001. The Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to examine the difference between two or more sample groups. The results of the analysis were significant if p < 0.050. RESULTS: The mean ferritin level before administration of iron sucrose injection to pregnant women in this study was 18.97 ± 8.284 g/L and the mean ferritin level after iron sucrose injection was 98.95 ± 18.878 g/L. The mean increase in ferritin levels after injection of iron sucrose was 79.97 ± 19.77 g/L. The mean Hb level before administration of iron sucrose injection to pregnant women in this study was 10.13 ± 0.386 g/dL and the mean Hb level after administration was 12.01 ± 0.723 g/dL. The mean increase in Hb levels after injection of iron sucrose was 1.88 ± 0.68 g/dL. CONCLUSIONS: Iron sucrose injection can significantly increase ferritin and Hb levels.
Resurgence of different influenza types in China and the US in 2021
Authors: Chen Boqiang , Zhu Zhizhou , Li Qiong , He Daihai
Published: February 2023

Various nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented to alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic since its outbreak. The transmission dynamics of other respiratory infectious diseases, such as seasonal influenza, were also affected by these interventions. The drastic decline of seasonal influenza caused by such interventions would result in waning of population immunity and may trigger the seasonal influenza epidemic with the lift of restrictions during the post-pandemic era. We obtained weekly influenza laboratory confirmations from FluNet to analyse the resurgence patterns of seasonal influenza in China and the US. Our analysis showed that due to the impact of NPIs including travel restrictions between countries, the influenza resurgence was caused by influenza virus A in the US while by influenza virus B in China.
Manger à Bamako (Mali) : entre besoins et aspirations
Authors: Tibère Laurence , Poulain Jean-Pierre , Fischler Claude , Bricas Nicolas
Published: February 2023

Cet article étudie les attentes et les aspirations des Bamakois et Bamakoises (habitants de la capitale du Mali) concernant leur alimentation. Dans un contexte de transition alimentaire en milieu urbain, il s’intéresse à la façon dont les représentations de l’alimentation et à travers elles, les modèles alimentaires, se déploient entre attentes liées au manque et à la faim et celles relatives au plaisir ou encore à la santé. L’analyse est basée sur une enquête menée à Bamako entre 2012 et 2013 auprès de 310 femmes et hommes âgés d’entre 18 et 70 ans, de différents niveaux socio-économiques. Elle aborde les craintes face à l’alimentation, ainsi que les représentations du « bien manger » et les besoins et aspirations des habitants de Bamako relatifs à la nourriture. L’analyse des craintes, des attentes et des aspirations reflète à la fois, l’hétérogénéité des niveaux de vie et des situations sociales qui forment le cadre des mutations en cours dans la capitale et, avec elle, la cohabitation de modèles alimentaires organisés dans certains cas, autour du manque et de la pénurie, et dans d’autres, du choix voire de l’abondance.
Chronique de l’activité du CGLPL janvier 2021 – octobre 2022 : L’alarmant constat de violations aggravées des droits fondamentaux face à la surdité institutionnelle
Authors: Boué-chalal Anna , Cadi Mana , Mangiante Iris , Weremienko Akal
Published: February 2023

Entre 2021 et 2022, le CGLPL a alerté pouvoirs publics et opinion publique sur les violations des droits et libertés fondamentales des personnes enfermées en France. En cela, rien de nouveau, mais les constats formulés sont toujours aussi préoccupants et la réaction institutionnelle, pas encore à la hauteur.
The Double Bottom Line in Microfinance
Authors: Alhassan Abdul-Razak , Akudugu Mamudu Abunga , Akuriba Margaret Atosina
Published: February 2023

This chapter examines the effect of commercialisation of microfinance on the performance measurement practices of MFIs and the implications these measurement practices have on the achievement of the mission objectives of MFIs using as a case, the microfinance industry in Ghana. Mainly qualitative research techniques were employed in the study, relying on the views and perspectives of MFIs, clients, practitioners, and experts. The study results indicate that MFIs have not appropriately met this dual expectation of pursuing both financial and social objectives and cannot therefore possibly improve their understanding of the mission drift phenomenon with their existing measurement practices. The authors therefore propose a conceptual framework, as well as core social and economic performance, and impact indicators for measuring the attainment of the double bottom line or convergence.
The Holistic Metamorphosis of Rural Lives Through Microfinance
Authors: Arora Manpreet
Published: February 2023

Microfinance has been associated with playing a radical role in transforming any economy, especially where the goals are to uplift the disadvantaged sectors. It is also considered to be an important tool for helping poor people in order to fulfil their basic needs. It has got an immense capability to safeguard the vulnerable by its ripple effects from certain financial risks and poverty. Some call it a “poverty vaccine” for people living in rural areas. It also aims at assisting the various communities, economically as well as the socially excluded, focus on asset creation as well as for creating source of income. The holistic metamorphosis of rural lives is possible through the microcredit interventions, and the instances are plenty. In this pandemic, where the economies are facing huge economic crises, the rural vulnerable and the excluded sections have suffered the most. In this phase of transformation, the microfinance intervention with re-oriented objectives can again prove to be an effective tool for reviving the economy as a whole.
Sustainability Issues in Gonimbrasia Belina Supply Chain in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Rumutsa Maxwell Rumutsa , Rumutsa Brenda Nyeverwai , Rumutsa Norman
Published: February 2023

Over the years, agriculture has been the main activity that rural communities in developing countries engage in for their subsistence existential needs. Due to the decline in harvests, people have been forced to look for other alternatives to cushion their livelihoods. Forest resources have proven to be a principal livelihood support that diversifies income with timber and non-timber products as alternatives. The exploitation of natural resources has correspondingly attracted progression in sustainable resource use. While sustainability is being glorified, there is scanty attention on how the mopane worm (Gonimbrasia belina) supply chain can narrow the existing gap between Zimbabwean urban-rural mopane worm-based livelihoods. This chapter, therefore, employs the triple bottom line (TBL) approach to build consciousness on the environmental, economic, and social elements at each stage of the mopane worm supply chain to achieve sustainability and narrow the cleavage between the rural and urban mopane worm-based livelihoods.
Information and Communication Technologies in Logistics and Supply Chain Management in Turkey
Authors: Şarlıoğlu Gizem Nur , Boyacı Ece , Akca Meltem
Published: February 2023

Businesses benefit from supply chain management because it enables the compatibility, integration, and high performance of applications, as well as the development of competitive qualities such as pricing, quality, and innovation. Today, businesses use information technology to compete and achieve their goals. Industry 4.0 is a new situation that has emerged as informatics, communication, internet, sensors, automation, artificial intelligence, and robotic technologies greatly affect and change production processes. As a result of Industry 4.0, information and automation technologies have caused the supply chain to adapt by digitizing it. On the other hand, with Industry 5.0 studies, it is aimed to reveal great innovations in logistics and supply chain management. In this study, the information and communication technologies used in the logistics and supply chain sector will be examined, Industry 5.0 applications will be discussed, and the current situation of Turkey will be evaluated.
Reuse of livestock waste for the reinforcement of rammed-earth materials: investigation on mechanical performances
Authors: Parlato Monica C. M. , Rivera-Gómez Carlos , Porto Simona M. C.
Published: February 2023

Agricultural wastes as additive within raw earth materials could both improve mechanical and physical properties of new sustainable construction materials and enhance waste management in a circular economy perspective. This study intends to fill the lack of knowledge considering the mechanical effects of animal fibers on rammed earth materials. The effects of a livestock waste, i.e., sheep wool fiber (SWF), as reinforcing element in building components produced by using raw earth and lime-free mortars, have been evaluated. Linear shrinkage, flexural strength, and compressive strength were evaluated on samples incorporating SWF, with the aim of assessing the effects of this waste addition on the mechanical performances of a new bio-composite material. The samples were made by varying the content of wool (0.25 % or 0.50%weight) and the length of the fibers (from 10 mm to 40 mm). The best result of the flexural strength was 1.06 MPa, exhibited by samples made with the longest and highest percentage of fibers, 40 mm and 0.50%, respectively. The addition of SWF to adobe bricks changed their failure mode, from fragile to ductile, reduced dry density and shrinkage rate.
Psychometric validation of the Child Healthy Lifestyle Profile in South Korea: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kang Kyung-Ah , Kim Shin-Jeong
Published: February 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to validate the Child Healthy Lifestyle Profile as an instrument for screening healthy behaviors in school-aged children in South Korea.Methods: Self-reported questionnaires were administered to 454 students, comprising elementary-school students (n=221) and child cancer survivors (n=233). Reliability and validity were assessed using Cronbach's ⍺, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).Results: Cronbach's ⍺, as a reliability test, was 0.87. Varimax rotation yielded nine factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 in the EFA, which explained 61.0% of the total variance. In the CFA, both convergent and discriminant validities were acceptable. Therefore, the Child Healthy Lifestyle Profile was validated as an assessment tool for Korean school-aged children.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the Child Healthy Lifestyle Profile was identified as a reliable and valid instrument for assessing healthy lifestyles in elementary-school children in South Korea.
Teléfonos móviles e Internet, nuevas tecnologías para construir un espacio público contrainformativo. El ejemplo de los flash mob en la tarde del 13M
Authors: Meso Ayerdi Koldobika
Published: February 2023

Desde un punto de vista comunicativo, el atentado del 11 de marzo supuso la pérdida de credibilidad de muchos medios de comunicación convencionales y la falta de solidez de la sociedad de la información. Buen ejemplo de ello fue la información sesgada y poco clara que muchos medios contribuyeron a difundir.Los intereses electorales de un partido que veía peligrar su victoria, unido al silencio mediático, creó una atmósfera insostenible. Muchas cuestiones se agolpaban en busca de respuesta. La sensación que se percibía era de que se ocultaba información. Conocer la autoría de los atentados se convirtió en tema principal de todos los corrillos durante las horas siguientes a los mismos; también en las manifestaciones espontáneas y hasta en la hora de votar.
En ese contexto, en la tarde del 13M, quedó patente el poder de auto-convocatoria de la gente a través de Internet y, fundamentalmente, de sus teléfonos móviles. Fueron miles las personas que a través de las nuevas tecnologías se juntaron en la calle Génova para pedir explicaciones y exigir aclaraciones sobre la gestión del PP frente a la crisis. Todo ello puso de relieve la importancia de estos procedimientos comunicativos en acontecimientos políticos. Asimismo, también sirvieron para modelar una resistencia plural y diversa.
Diagnosis of Treacher-Collins Syndrome: The role of the multidisciplinary team in patient management and family genetic counseling
Authors: Tuyishimire B. , Irere H. , Muhizi C. , Ndatinya A. , Karangwa O. R. , Rutarama F. , Nsanzabaganwa C. , Mutesa L.
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION: Although Treacher-Collins syndrome has to be considered a differential diagnosis in congenital craniofacial abnormalities, the clinical diagnosis and research related to it still present a gap, especially in African regions. Thus, this work aims at highlighting this syndrome's clinical features for raising medical awareness. CLINICAL CASE: We reviewed a 1-year-old patient referred to our clinical genetic unit at Rwanda military hospital, Kigali, Rwanda. Physical examinations indicated severe craniofacial abnormalities, including downward-sloping eyes, slight notching of the lower lids, small and underdeveloped eyebrow bones, vision problems, small outer ears, small and underdeveloped cheekbones, and jaw. Within the limits of the techniques used in our laboratory, the cytogenetic analysis revealed a normal karyotype, 46, XY. CONCLUSION: The patient was diagnosed with Treacher-Collins syndrome based on clinical manifestations of craniofacial features. Nevertheless, laboratory tests performed were limited to karyotyping and should not detect any gene defect. Long-term follow-up of the patient and his family was recommended. Further molecular analyses should be performed to identify causing genetic mutation mainly in the TCOF1, POLR1C, or POLR1D genes.