bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Primer on the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act and Advocacy for Students Who Are Culturally and Linguistically Diverse
Authors: Taylor Reid , Fleres Carol
Published: November 2021

Well prepared educators are essential to the identification and delivery of services to students who have disabilities, most especially when it comes to students who are culturally and linguistically diverse (C/LD). Professionals must be aware of the requirements in IDEIA and assure that multiple and appropriate assessments are used in determining whether C/LD students are, in fact, disabled before being assigned to special education. This chapter identifies current issues such as the under and over identification of certain students who are C/LD in special education, second language acquisition, and the evaluation of children whose primary language is not English. It is a tool to assist professionals in assessing students who are C/LD and in educating families and guiding them to advocate for the provision of supported interventions in general education, appropriate assessment, and educational planning. Recommendations for advocating for students who are C/LD are presented and discussed.
Existing Robotics Technologies for Implementation of Special Education
Authors: Zahariev Roman Zahariev , Valchkova Nina
Published: November 2021

Collaborative robots (Cobots) are described from the point of view of the cognitive processes underlying the perception and emotional expression of learners based on individual human interacting with non-humanoid robots. The chapter describes a project that is aimed at the development and prototyping of mobile cognitive robotic system designed for service and assistance to people with disabilities. In creating this robot called “AnRI” (anthropomorphic robot intelligent) the experience from building the previous one was used, and it was used in the project Conduct Research into the Adoption of Robotic Technologies in Special Education by Children, Young People, and Pedagogical Specialists. It is described as a device of the robot and realization of cognitive processes to integrate knowledge-related information from sensors, actuators, and multiple sources of information vital to the process of serving people with disabilities.
School Activities With Educational Robot to Facilitate Student Learning
Authors: Yamashita Satsuki , Ishida Hayato , Yukawa Hidetaka , Yoshida Hisaaki , Koizumi Chiyo , Yamauchi Yusuke , Funaki Mahito , Ikuta Shigeru
Published: November 2021

The teaching of programming and its basic concepts even to young children has a crucial influence on the development of their cognitive functions and blends the lessons in the class with real life. In this chapter, school activities with educational robotics performed at both the special-needs education school and general public school were described. The students with mild intellectual disabilities and physically handicapped at the special needs school could build the robots nicely using small blocks and move them as they wanted through coding. The intellectual disabled students usually do not have enough long-term memory and are weak in abstraction but could develop the ability to actually understand logical thinking through hands-on learning with educational robotics. Through the present activities, the students including the public school could become aware of various goods around them programmed with coding and connect the learning in class to the real world.
Preparing Bilingual Teachers to Enact Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy
Authors: Rodriguez-Mojica Claudia , Muñoz-Muñoz Eduardo R. , Briceño Allison
Published: November 2021

Bilingual students and teachers in the U.S. live in a context where linguistic and ethnic minorities are associated with inferiority. Preparing bilingual teachers of color without explicit attention to issues of race, language, and power would maintain and feed the vicious cycle of linguistic hegemony. With the goal of preparing critically conscious future bilingual teachers equipped to enact culturally sustaining pedagogy (CSP), the authors centered issues of race, language, and power alongside bilingual instructional methodology and theories of bilingualism in their respective bilingual teacher preparation programs. Drawing on bilingual teacher preparation course material, student reflections, and bilingual teacher candidate interviews, they illustrate how two bilingual teacher preparation programs take two distinct approaches to developing bilingual teachers' critical consciousness and CSP practices. In this way, they outline how bilingual teacher educators can prepare and support bilingual teachers to enact CSP with their K-12 students.
Construction and Application of Korean-English-Japanese Multilingual Teaching Aid System Based on Knowledge Map
Authors: Zhe Li , Meng Cheng , Takanori Maesako , Juan Li
Published: November 2021

This article describes the design and application of a computer-based system for simultaneously teaching Korean, English and Japanese languages in a classroom setting using knowledge visualization techniques to show the relationships between vocabularies, grammars and meanings. The system consists of a knowledge database of Korean, English, and Japanese which is then uploaded into the teaching module. Visualizations of this information in the form of knowledge maps based upon generally accepted rules of knowledge map can then be displayed and contrasted using the system interface to enter user queries. The system is then tested in a blended classroom of native Korean speakers. Data on student learning experiences are then gathered by means of a questionnaire and analyzed in order to assess the overall success of knowledge acquisition in this setting. Our findings show that this system evokes a personal initiative in the learning process, facilitates communication between teachers and learners, and supports the rapid acquisition of multilingual knowledge.
Fostering Cultural Awareness Through Storytelling at a Multilingual Primary School
Authors: Hernández-Castillo Núria , Pujol-Valls Maria
Published: November 2021

This chapter is a contribution to teacher education and teacher development studies in the field of plurilingualism and intercultural development through critical reflection. It presents a teaching proposal based on the use of a multimodal literary text for the promotion of intercultural awareness and translanguaging practices at its heart. The teaching proposal, which was implemented in a primary education class from a multilingual school in Catalonia in 2015, was designed ad hoc on the basis of relevant research works on TLA, plurilingualism, and intercultural awareness, and in the light of the interviews conducted before and after the implementation in the workfield. The study was carried out in an English as an additive language class to look into the teaching opportunities of storytelling and picture books to foster interculturality and effective language learning practices with a communicative approach.
Reclaiming the Multilingual Narrative of Children in the Borderlands Using a Critical Integration Approach
Authors: Kiser-Chuc Kevan A.
Published: November 2021

By joining together different methods and curriculum delivery in an elementary school setting, the author defined a unique critical integration approach to address questions of inclusive multilingual literacy practices. The author encouraged students to build upon their prior knowledge, ways in which to show that knowledge, and specifically, their linguistic cultural wealth, which generated a respect for the linguistic diversity of all students. The author created a collaborative pedagogical space in which the students constructed an innovative curriculum by co-mingling student experiences, their cultural and linguistic resources, and their interpretive frameworks. The teacher-research project involved a Funds of Knowledge orientation, the use of a variety of pedagogical tools influenced by the theory of Multiple Intelligences, gifted strategies, community cultural wealth, emancipatory education, critical and culturally responsive pedagogy, and visual arts aesthetics.
Multilingual International Students From the Perspective of Faculty
Authors: Tavares Vander
Published: November 2021

This chapter explores the experiences and perceptions of 14 faculty members toward multilingual international students at River University—a large, research-focused university in Ontario. Data was collected through an online survey and analysed thematically. Responses were categorised under three broad categories with respect to faculty's (1) perceptions of multilingual international students' contributions to River's academic community, (2) challenges surrounding faculty's interactions with multilingual international students, and (3) strategies developed and implemented to support students' academic success. Overall, findings were consistent with those in the current research literature, in which language proficiency was identified by faculty as a major concern, and multilingual international students were considered important for the enhancement of cultural and intellectual diversity, and for the internationalisation of higher education.
Bilingual/Bicultural Paraprofessionals as Brokers of English Learners' Family-Teacher Relationships
Authors: Díaz Eva I. , Worthen Diana Gonzales , Gist Conra D. , Smart Christine
Published: November 2021

For over four decades, bilingual/bicultural paraprofessionals have been vital partakers in the education of English learners (ELs). Scholars have underscored school districts' reliance on them for instructional/learning support and their potential as builders of home-school bridges. Moreover, family-teacher relationships are essential to ELs' positive academic and well-being outcomes. Nevertheless, the paraprofessional's role in bridging relationships between teachers and families of ELs is less understood. This chapter presents a research synthesis of the extant peer-reviewed research literature published in the last 30 years on the role of bilingual/bicultural paraprofessionals in promoting more equitable relationships between the families and teachers of ELs. Three main themes emerged, including (a) building trust, (b) connecting families and teachers via linguistic and cultural brokering, and (c) activating biographical community cultural wealth. The findings also highlight the need for positioning relational brokering as equally crucial as linguistic and cultural brokering. Implications for practice and research are addressed.
How Digitalization Is Affecting Urban Transformation
Authors: Bellone Cinzia , Andreassi Fabio , Naselli Fabio
Published: November 2021

The chapter aims to analyze the role that digital innovation has whenever it is connected in shaping urban spatial and functional transformations. It is capable of governing any kind of urban project that must find a new platform to engage in diverse modernity. The smart city implementation is one of the results of the new relationship between technology and physical settlement, but it still does not find methodological completeness as it is still linked to connected sensors and numerical flows of data. The chapter explores the critical issues and opens up new research paths following the study of some ongoing urban experimentations as have been amplified in the ongoing new phases in this post-pandemic 2021. The digital network can be a newly established matrix for both the territory and cities, just as roads and railways networks have been in the past – if it becomes a work of public interest on par with conventional urbanization infrastructure ones.
Methodologies to Associate COVID-19 Spreading Data to Space and Scale
Authors: Margiori Lais-Ioanna , Krommydakis Stylianos
Published: November 2021

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the correlation between the spread of the SARS-Cov-2 virus and a number of epidemiological parameters has been a key tool for understanding the dynamics of its flow. This information has assisted local authorities in making policy decisions for the containment of its expansion. Several methods have been used including topographical data, artificial intelligence and machine learning data, and epidemiological tools to analyze factors facilitating the spread of epidemic at a local and global scale. The aim of this study is to use a new tool to assess and categorize the incoming epidemiological data regarding the spread of the disease as per population densities, spatial and topographical morphologies, social and financial activities, population densities and mobility between regions. These data will be appraised as risk factors in the spread of the disease on a local and a global scale.
A Novel Approach for Fire Safety
Authors: Efeoglu Ebru , Tuna Gurkan
Published: November 2021

Liquids and solvents in industrial products produce flammable vapor which, when mixed with air, can ignite or explode. The ease by which those liquids produce flammable vapors depends on their flashpoints which allow them to be categorized according to the fire hazard they exhibit in their normal use. In this chapter, a novel approach for the classification of liquids is proposed. The proposed approach relies on the use of a vector network analyzer, a patch antenna, and a group of classifiers. In this study, random forest and REPTree algorithms are preferred as classifers. As proven in the study, random forest algorithm can provide higher accuracy than REPTree algorithm in the classification of hazardous liquids. A prototype system is currently under development in order to integrate the components of the proposed approach into a single unit. It is expected that the prototype system will quickly and reliable make a non-contact classification of liquids in different kinds of bottles.
360-Degree View of Digital Open Badge-Driven Learning
Authors: Brauer Sanna , Korhonen Anne-Maria
Published: November 2021

This chapter describes alternative credentialing practices related to competence-based open badges and their different audiences. The authors provide insights into different theoretical approaches to digital badging practices that could potentially support a competence orientation in continuous professional development and enhance lifelong learning. One aim of this chapter is to summarise the first European doctoral dissertation to address digital open badges and digital open badge-driven learning. The authors offer novel insights into reforms in education aimed at addressing students' individual interests and meeting the recognised needs of working life. They also present a set of innovative Finnish applications of digital open badge-driven learning in the context of educational research. Moreover, they describe the potential of badges as a tool to build ePortfolios. This chapter draws attention to the motivational effects of digital badging and the use of ePortfolios as an informative and interesting way to demonstrate competences in different contexts.
Determination of Guest Satisfaction by Text Mining
Authors: Çatir Ozan
Published: November 2021

The satisfaction of guests is of paramount importance to ensure the continuity and profitability of hotels. This study aims to determine guests' satisfaction with hotels by analyzing the online comments of guests. The text mining method has been utilized in this study. 58,193 Turkish comments about 5-star hotels in Turkey have been examined. These comments have been subjected to frequency and association analysis by models with Rapid Miner program. It may be stated that the guests are satisfied with 5-star hotel management in Turkey, and they are also satisfied with hotels in general and the services provided by hotels.
Is This Time of Global Crisis the Opportunity That Higher Education Needs?
Authors: Ratovonomenjanahary Eric , Ravelonantoandro Marc
Published: November 2021

The pandemic has badly affected the world without exception. All the domains of human existence have been impacted. Poor countries have suffered in specific and general ways for many reasons to do with a systemic lack of infrastructure, endemic poverty, and lack of appropriate resources. Action is required to find new and innovative ways to adapt education to the needs of developing societies in addressing crises such as this. The connection between conflict transformation theories and post-pandemic higher education challenges is explored with specific reference to indigenous paradigms in shaping alternative structures. This reflection is threefold: The authors reflect on how the concept of conflict transformation is relevant to the post-pandemic higher education and how the pandemic impacts Madagascar. Then, they focus on how Madagascar dealt with the pandemic through adoption of a more traditional approach. Finally, they discuss the concept of Teny ierana as a solution to the global crisis, not only in Madagascar but globally.
The Educational Quality of the Doctoral Programs in Public Affairs
Authors: Lu Tiangeng , Morçöl Göktuğ
Published: November 2021

Public affairs scholars have been concerned about the quality of education in their field for some decades. To assess the program quality, the authors analyzed the National Research Council's most recent data. In the comparative analyses between the public affairs programs and the programs in other social science disciplines, they found that public affairs doctoral programs were behind their peer fields on most of the input-based metrics (students fully funded in their first year of education, median quantitative GRE scores, and percentage of international students in programs) but ahead of them in student-faculty ratios. The results of the outcome-based metrics were mixed. Public affairs students graduated earlier on average, but smaller percentages of them had plans for employment in academic positions. Also, the faculty productivity was lower in public affairs programs compared to the other social science disciplines. Among the subfields of public affairs, public management and public policy had more favorable input- and outcome-based results compared to public administration.
Public Education Policies in Turkey in the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Karasoy Hasan Alpay
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. With the COVID-19 crisis, new problem areas have appeared in many areas such as business, trade, social life, education, and the health sector in countries where it is effective. One of the areas where this limitation and new problems arise is the field of education. States have imposed restrictions in education and training to reduce the rate of the pandemic's spread and have suspended face-to-face education. Firstly, Turkey closed the schools for a while and then the government announced “distance learning” efforts. However, distance education has not been fully settled in both the learners and teachers. This study aims to handle education policies in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic and try to examine possible solutions for problem areas, which existed because of the pandemic. For this purpose, with a descriptive method, the subject was examined. Because of the changing spirit of the pandemic, this study focused on the education policy from March 1, 2020 to March 1, 2021.
Violent Extremism and the Politics of Education in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Zahid
Published: November 2021

Pakistan is depicted as a victim as well as a sponsor of terrorism. The reason behind this characterisation is that Pakistan, since its inception in 1947, has experienced multifaceted violence, ranging from ethnic insurgencies to sectarian violence. At the same time, it has been blamed for fomenting violence in its neighbours. On the one hand, there have been anti-terrorism laws in place since the late 1990s; on the other, there is an Islamised public sphere that provides fecund soil for violent extremists to thrive. The questions to be addressed here are: What kinds of anti-terrorism laws exist in Pakistan and how effective are they against terrorism? What is the role of the state-managed curriculum in providing a conducive environment for the growth of violent extremism? This research appeals to the “garrison state” theory, which explains how “the specialists on violence” control every aspect of the state, complemented by the concept of “fragmented hegemony,” which explains how the seemingly corrupt multiple sites of power help the state maintain its hegemony over society.
Human Resources Management and Training in Metropolitan Municipalities in Turkey
Authors: Önez Çetin Zuhal
Published: November 2021

By the 2000s, human resources management in local government in Turkey had become an important issue. Training is one of the most important functions of human resources management; there is an important relationship between the development and increase of the capacities of local government personnel and training. Within the context of the metropolitan municipalities organizational structures in Turkey, there are ‘human resources and education departments'. Firstly, the relation between human resources management and training will be searched. Secondly, the regulations of human resources and education departments of metropolitan municipalities in Turkey have been examined to put forth the main duties and responsibilities of those departments and their branch offices on training. In the last part of the study, human resources and education departments' training programs in Turkey will be clarified.
The Role of Spiritual Communication and Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cretu Vasile
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 is undoubtedly among the main crises encountered by the healthcare system within the last century. Many people were in need and in search for any kind of support possible. In this period, spirituality had a critical role in keeping people optimistic about the future and to give them help overtaking this period. The church has shown a great involvement and had a great contribution in keeping an optimistic communication with the people who needed more than ever the presence of the spirituality and religion in their lives. Thus, the spiritual care and communication in this difficult time were a big help received by the people in order to overcome the pandemic and to be back to their normal and positive lives. The church had to face an unprecedented experience and had to adapt quickly in order to maintain its vital presence near the people in need.
Towards a Social Dramaturgy of Digital Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania
Authors: Obreja Dragos M.
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic, with its induced lockdowns, significantly changed the way the educational act was performed. Using both technological references in phenomenology and features on the relationship between performer and audience, encountered in social dramaturgy, this chapter follows the valences brought by the change in education in the online environment. Based on an exploratory approach made through discourse analysis with seven Romanian professors and 20 Romanian students, two major discursive repertoires can be identified: on the one hand, the one regarding the return to face-to-face courses and, on the other hand, the discourse on maintaining online courses. The discourse regarding the return to classical education is supported by all the interviewed teachers but also by the students who had connectivity problems during the pandemic. The favorable discourse for online classes was supported by most students, especially for temporal and financial reasons. This exploratory pattern confirms that even such choices have a socio-economic character, not necessarily an individual one.
Communication in the Context of COVID
Authors: Cristina Ghiță
Published: November 2021

Effective communication in the context of COVID-19 is the key element that underlies school success, consisting of a complex repertoire of intentional actions capable of producing positive changes or transformations in the field of cognition, affect, and behavior, on the personality as a whole. The communication aims to be convincing by students taking over an idea, behavior, or attitude based on arguments, realistic evidence, and to determine involvement, trust, openness, and dedication in achieving the goal and persuasive through the ability to change certain ideas or behaviors through logos, pathos, and ethos. The teacher has not only the role of information, but also to communicate with the children in his class about values, ideals, attitudes with a role in their formation and development. Feedback becomes effective when students show intrinsic involvement in learning tasks.
Assessment for an Unprecedented Education
Authors: Victorița Trif
Published: November 2021

This chapter analyzes the assessment literature related to the current crisis and compares the differences according to global and local perspectives. The qualitative analysis aims to examine the significant effects of unexpected COVID-19 challenge (restrictions, online learning, remote learning) on learning outcomes (how to redefine assessment in the pandemic) and to identify the best experiences collected (the key modifications assumed in assessment). The data collected from studies published between March 2020 and March 2021 were investigated using coding techniques and thematic analyses. The results of the content analysis demonstrate that in e-learning there are new types of feedback in e-classes, multi-person meetings, remote working, adaptive tools of assessment, and modified strategies. Anxiety, stress, and depression involve taking on new trends: new best practices, new forms of psychological counseling, new attitudes towards assessment and the reexamination of paradigms, theories, and models of representation knowledge.
SoTL and Social Justice
Authors: Liston Delores D. , Rahimi Regina
Published: November 2021

SoTL provides a foundation for democratizing the teacher-student relationship through its fertile ground for establishing more equalitarian roles among teachers and students. This chapter draws attention to the overlap between the values and essential characteristics of SoTL and the field of curriculum studies, which serves to study and examine social dynamics through curriculum inquiry. Through an exploration of forms of inquiry and research that unites curriculum studies (with its emphasis on transgressive education) and SoTL (with a focus on engagement of teachers and learners as educational community), this chapter highlights how research that dovetails SoTL and curriculum studies can provide powerful opportunity for emphasizing social justice.
Hermeneutic Phenomenology
Authors: Watson Sandy White
Published: November 2021

In this chapter, the qualitative research methodology known as hermeneutic phenomenology was explored beginning with a brief historical overview of phenomenology and hermeneutic phenomenology followed by a conceptualization of hermeneutic phenomenology. As elements of the hermeneutic phenomenological research process were explored, practical applications were provided as exemplars of each component of the process including participant selection, the hermeneutic circle, forestructures, data collection, management, and analysis. These application exemplars were presented in italics and labeled as applications. Attempts were made to contextualize the methodology in ways understandable to doctoral students seeking a methodological framework within which to situate their own research. Finally, sample completed studies utilizing hermeneutic phenomenology were referenced.
Menopause and hormone therapy on risk of diabetes
Authors: Gooneratne M. D. P.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Menopause in Sri Lankan context
Authors: Silva P. , Moonesinghe L.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
Delayed diagnosis of a molar pregnancy in a perimenopausal woman: a case report
Authors: Ranasinghe R. A. S. W. , Lankeshwara D. , Lekamge N. R. , Priyadarshini K. H. C.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available
An unusual case of microsatellite instability–high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma revealed by targeted gene sequencing
Authors: Han Bogyeong , Kim Sehui , Koh Jiwon , Bae Jeong Mo , Yun Hongseok , Jeon Yoon Kyung
Published: November 2021

Microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) status has been approved as a tissue-agnostic biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with solid tumors. We report the case of an MSI-H/dMMR diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) identified by targeted gene sequencing (TGS). A 90-year-old female who presented with vaginal bleeding and a large mass in the upper vagina was diagnosed with germinal center-B-cell-like DLBCL, which recurred at the uterine cervix at 9 months after chemotherapy. Based on TGS of 121 lymphoma-related genes and the LymphGen algorithm, the tumor was classified genetically as DLBCL of EZB subtype. Mutations in multiple genes, including frequent frameshift mutations, were detected by TGS and further suggested MSI. The MSI-H/dMMR and loss of MLH1 and PMS2 expression were determined in MSI-fragment analysis, MSI real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemical tests. This case demonstrates the potential diagnostic and therapeutic utility of lymphoma panel sequencing for DLBCL with MSI-H/dMMR.
The sensitivity conjecture, induced subgraphs of cubes, and Clifford algebras
Authors: Mathews Daniel V.
Published: November 2021

We give another version of Huang’s proof that an induced subgraph of the

{n}

-dimensional cube graph containing over half the vertices has maximal degree at least

{\sqrt{n}}

, which implies the Sensitivity Conjecture. This argument uses Clifford algebras of positive definite signature in a natural way. We also prove a weighted version of the result.
A Comparison of Surface and Total Deltamethrin Levels of Insecticide-Treated Nets and Estimation of the Effective Insecticidal Lifetime
Authors: Green Michael , Maxyay Mayfong , Pongvongsa Tiengkham , Phompida Samlane , Swamidoss Isabel , Smith Stephen , Irish Seth , Newton Paul
Published: November 2021

The ability to anticipate the useful lifetime of an insecticide-treated mosquito net (ITN) would provide a proactive approach for planning net distribution programs. Therefore, we used an exponential decay model of deltamethrin depletion to predict the effective insecticidal lifetime of PermaNet® 2.0 nets used in the Lao PDR. Residual deltamethrin was measured using two nondestructive analytical field methods; X-ray fluorescence (total levels) and a colorimetric field test (surface levels) at 12 and 24 months postdistribution. The model assumes that the 12-month depletion rate can be used to predict future levels. The median total and surface deltamethrin levels for the Lao nets at 12 months were 31.2 and 0.0743 mg/m2, respectively. By defining a failed net as having total deltamethrin levels of less than 15 mg/m2 or a surface level less than 0.0028 mg/m2, it was predicted that 50% of the group of nets will fail at about 27 months after distribution.
Case Report: Total Nephrectomy for Renal Hydatidosis
Authors: Hernández-Córdova Gustavo , Failoc-Rojas Virgilio E. , Tarco Rigel , Iglesias-Osores Sebastian , Romaní Franco
Published: November 2021

Cystic echinococcosis, known as hydatidosis, is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus. Renal hydatidosis is a very rare condition, representing 1% to 2% of cases. We present an 18-year-old patient who, after suffering a trauma, experienced severe lower back pain and persistent gross hematuria disproportionate to the trauma. Ultrasonography and tomography revealed cystic images compatible with right renal hydatidosis and hemoperitoneum. In addition, rapid clinical deterioration was observed with decreased hematocrit, leading to lumpectomy with abundant cysts inside and outside the right kidney, without viable parenchyma. Therefore, a total nephrectomy was performed. The patient was discharged with albendazole treatment. Pathological anatomic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of hydatidosis. Surgery remains the best therapeutic option. The use of ultrasonography improves the early detection of zoonosis, especially in pediatric patients, and favors the use of more conservative therapeutic techniques.
An Integrated District Mapping Strategy for Loiasis to Enable Safe Mass Treatment for Onchocerciasis in Gabon
Authors: Ella Sylvie Ntsame , Ogoussan Kisito , Gass Katherine , Hundley Lee , Diggle Peter J. , Johnson Olatunji , Biamonte Marco , Atsame Julienne
Published: November 2021

The lack of a WHO-recommended strategy for onchocerciasis treatment with ivermectin in hypo-endemic areas co-endemic with loiasis is an impediment to global onchocerciasis elimination. New loiasis diagnostics (LoaScope; Loa antibody rapid test) and risk prediction tools may enable safe mass treatment decisions in co-endemic areas. In 2017–2018, an integrated mapping strategy for onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis (LF), and loiasis, aimed at enabling safe ivermectin treatment decisions, was piloted in Gabon. Three ivermectin-naïve departments suspected to be hypo-endemic were selected and up to 100 adults per village across 30 villages in each of the three departments underwent testing for indicators of onchocerciasis, LF, and loiasis. An additional 67 communities in five adjoining departments were tested for loiasis to extend the prevalence and intensity predictions and possibly expand the boundaries of areas deemed safe for ivermectin treatment. Integrated testing in the three departments revealed within-department heterogeneity for all the three diseases, highlighting the value of a mapping approach that relies on cluster-based sampling rather than sentinel sites. These results suggest that safe mass treatment of onchocerciasis may be possible at the subdepartment level, even in departments where loiasis is present. Beyond valuable epidemiologic data, the study generated insight into the performance of various diagnostics and the feasibility of an integrated mapping approach utilizing new diagnostic and modeling tools. Further research should explore how programs can combine these diagnostic and risk prediction tools into a feasible programmatic strategy to enable safe treatment decisions where loiasis and onchocerciasis are co-endemic.
Epidemiological Isolation May Explain Differences in Historical Respiratory Infectious Disease Mortality
Authors: Shanks G. Dennis
Published: November 2021

Indigenous and aboriginal peoples of the Americas and Pacific died at enormous rates soon after joining the global pathogen pool in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries from respiratory infections such as smallpox, measles, and influenza. It was widely assumed that this represented a selection process against primitive societies. Darwinian selection for specific genetic resistance factors seems an unlikely hypothesis given that some populations stabilized quickly over two to three generations. European-origin populations whose childhood was marked by epidemiological isolation also suffered high infectious disease mortality from respiratory pathogens. American soldiers with smallpox, South African (Boer) children with measles, and New Zealand soldiers with influenza suggest that epidemiological isolation resulting in few previous respiratory infections during childhood may be a consistent mortality risk factor. Modern studies of innate immunity following Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) in infancy point toward rapid immune adaptation rather than evolutionary selection as an explanation for excessive first contact epidemic mortality from respiratory pathogens.
Processing of Glass Fibre Reinforced Composite LPG Cylinder through Filament Winding Technique and Characterization
Authors: J Thanikachalam , N Vasiraja
Published: November 2021

The present work focuses on the processing and characterization of LPG cylinder made up of glass fibre reinforced composite (GFRC) material. The commercial steel LPG cylinder is difficult to handle due to more weight and easily corroded with moisture environment. To overcome this problem, composite material which has high specific stiffness, high specific strength, less weight and high corrosion resistance to moisture is used to fabricate the LPG cylinder. In this investigation, the LPG cylinder with dimensions of commercial 5 kg Steel LPG cylinder is made by filament winding technique. While fabricating, the fibres are wounded on the plastic inner container which is used as gas-tight in-liner. The specimens are prepared from the fabricated composite LPG cylinder. The material properties of composite materials are evaluated by the tensile test, compression test, flexural test, density test and impact test.
Sustainability and Resilience Assessment in the Pandemic Emergency
Authors: Arcese Gabriella , Traverso Marzia
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has affected all production and service sectors. The crisis has led to the increased awareness of the fragility and vulnerability of our societies and our lifestyles. The speed at which it spreads has led first to a change of our behavior and our way of life but at the same time, it has also changed the way we consider our buildings and how we live in them. Considering the new visions aimed at sharing spaces, such as those of work with the coworking spaces or frontal lessons in the classroom, they must now be rethought. In tourism and catering, relations with customers are reviewed and public transport is radically rethought. In this context, the concept of resilience plays a key role. How resistant are we and our environment to crises like COVID-19? What is the significance of resilience in sustainability? Is there a link between the assessment of resilience and life cycle assessment? In this paper is represented a general framework to connect resilience and sustainability assessments.
Influence of the Heat Loss on the Performance of a Two-stage Gasification Reactor
Authors: Paolucci Martino , Borgianni Carlo , Panzieri Sonia , de Caprariis Benedetta , de Filippis Paolo
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates the gasification efficiency of a two stage gasifier, described in all detail in previous works, as a function of the heat loss across the reactor walls. The behaviour of the reactor was simulated using a simple mathematical model already reported in previous papers. The examined heat loss ranges from 0% of the heat produced by the exothermic reactions into the reactor, up to 20%. Calculations have been performed by keeping constant both the injected total oxygen and its partition between the two stages, while different feedstocks have been used, such as landfill gas, municipal solid waste (MWS), willow and rice straw. The results of calculation show that the gasification efficiency at fixed oxygen injection is greatly influenced by the feedstock. The elaboration of the obtained data indicates also that the trend of the gasification efficiency vs. heat loss is a function of the high heating value of the feedstock and of the ratio between the oxygen present into the reactor (injected + the one of the feedstock) and the stoichiometric oxygen necessary to transform the feeding into carbon dioxide and steam.
Epidemiological Evaluation of Breast Cancer Awareness among Medical, Paramedical and General Population – A Hospital Based Questionnaire Survey
Authors: KM Stephy Elsa Varghese
Published: November 2021

To investigate the knowledge of breast cancer among medical, paramedical and general population of women participants. A prospective observational questionnaire survey was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in northern Karnataka for a period of six months with220 participants. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used. Data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics. Out of 220 women, 31.36% were medical, 20.92% paramedical and 47.72% general. Almost, 94.20% of medical participants believed breast cancer as inherited. Notably, general group considered trauma(74.28%) and diet (73.33%) as major risk factors. Majority of medical and paramedical women thought lump in the breast as the initial sign of Breast Cancer. Awareness regarding mammography and biopsy in general population was 64.76% and 52.38% respectively. Moreover, 95.5% of medical women and all of the paramedical women thought that chemical / radiotherapy was the best treatment. Breast cancer knowledge and awareness was less among the general women. There is a need of developing effective interventional programs to educate women about breast cancer.

Keywords: Awareness, Breast Cancer, Knowledge, Risk factors.
HIGH-VOLTAGE MODULATOR OF THE LINAC INJECTOR WITH VOLTAGE PULSE STABILIZATION
Authors: Anokhin R.A. , Dubniuk S.N. , Gaponenko N.I. , Kobets A.P. , Kravchenko A.I. , Manuilenko O.V. , Reshetnikov V.N. , Shevchenko A.S. , Soshenko V.A. , Svichenskiy V.G. , Zajtsev B.V. , Zabotin A.V. , Zhuravlyov V.G. , Zhuravlyov A.V.
Published: November 2021

The high-voltage pulse modulator based on the modern semiconductor elements is described. The modulator is intended for use in the power supply system of LINAC helium ions injector and has the ability to smoothly adjust the amplitude (110…150 kV) and the pulse duration (0.5…1 ms). The use of a pulse-to-peak stabilization scheme, made on the basis of a parametric stabilizer with parallel switching of the load, made it possible to increase the accelerated current at the accelerator output by 2 times.
OSCILLATORY INSTABILITY
Authors: Buts V.A.
Published: November 2021

The dynamics of the oscillator system is investigated. The conditions under which this dynamics becomes unstable are determined. In particular, it is shown that plasma in constant magnetic field becomes unstable if its density exceeds a certain critical value. In this case, instability develope (oscillatory instability). It is shown that random dynamics of the particles suppresses oscillatory instability.
METHODS FOR CONTROL THE SELF-SUSTAINED PLASMA-BEAM DISCHARGE AT HIGH ENERGY DENSITY
Authors: Hrechko Ya.O. , Azarenkov N.A. , Tseluyko A.F. , Ryabchikov D.L. , Sereda I.N.
Published: November 2021

Three methods for control the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge at high energy density are presented in this paper. Using a particular method, it is possible to set the location of the double layers formation in the discharge gap, as well as control its parameters at the high-current inductive discharge stage. It is shown that such methods can significantly increase the active power inputted into the discharge.
DEA Window Analysis Efficiency Measurement of Selected Nigerian Bank
Authors: DIKE IJ
Published: November 2021

This study analyzes the performance efficiency of six selected banks in Nigeria for the period 2010 – 2016. DEA window analysis was employed to establish the performance efficiency of the selected banks. The analysis is based on panel data for the period under review. The result of the DEA window analysis for the reviewed period showed that the average efficiency scores under constant returns to scale ranged from 84% to 91%. Under the variable returns to scale, the average efficiency scores ranged from 91% to 95%. The average inefficiency of the selected Nigeria commercial banks under the constant returns to scale model was in the range 9 – 16%. This inefficiency could be attributed to the excess of customers deposits on the balance sheet of the selected banks. The average scale efficiency for the banks was 93%. Guaranty Trust Bank was the most efficient bank on all measures. United Bank for Africa was the most inefficient bank under constant returns to scale and variable returns to scale. It was however, more scale efficient than three other banks, an indication that its inefficiency cannot be attributed to inappropriate scale size.
Impact of Private TV Channels and its Commodification of Religious Programs
Authors: Jahan Faisal , Shabir Ghulam
Published: November 2021

In some societies, religion itself is a complex subject and then creating its content in the media is no less of a challenge. Especially in a society like Pakistan where people are more sensitive in the name of religion and what is being said on TV soon spreads like wildfire on social media. The study looked at the extent to which Pakistani TV channels believe in commercialism and how far they can go for this purpose. To what extent has the aspect of commodification been embedded in Pakistani TV channels? One of the purposes of this research is to obtain and rate advertisements for the content produced and presented for TV. The questions are very serious and two different approaches have been adopted in the research method to find the answers. On the one hand, the survey sought the opinion of male and female students who were equally divided into undergraduate and graduate categories. On the other hand, in the Islamic and Hijri month of Ramadan 2019, the content of AREY Digital and Geo TV's Sehri and Iftar transmissions were compared. Numerical method was adopted for. In the majority opinion, the religious qualifications of the anchors of religious programs or their grasp on religious subjects is not much appreciated? In addition, the analysis of the material revealed that commercial advertisements run during religious shows on Pakistani TV channels, but at the same time segments are also produced on a commercial basis. The main purpose of these segments, which are based on the title of religion, is to promote products.
Efectos del metabisulfito de sodio sobre la actividad y composición proteásica de los extractos enzimáticos de Pleoticus muelleri
Authors: Liebana Clara , Fernández-Giménez Analía V. , Pereira Nair de los Ángeles
Published: November 2021

Los mercados a los que se exporta el langostino Pleoticus muelleri exigen un producto sin presencia de melanosis. El preservante utilizado comúnmente en esta especie es el metabisulfito de sodio (MBS). Hasta el momento no se han estudiado los efectos que podría tener sobre las proteasas del langostino. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto del MBS sobre la actividad y composición proteásica de los extractos enzimáticos de P. muelleri. Se determinó la actividad de proteasas ácidas y alcalinas, así como la composición de enzimas de los extractos enzimáticos de langostinos tratados y sin tratar con MBS. Aquellos extractos tratados con MBS mostraron una reducción significativa de la actividad proteásica (alrededor de 80%), tanto ácida como alcalina. A su vez, las enzimas aspárticas, redujeron su actividad mientras que predominaron las enzimas cisteínicas y serínicas del tipo tripsina. Los extractos enzimáticos de P. muelleri tratados con MBS presentan una reducción de la actividad proteásica y cambios en su composición enzimática, pero aun así constituyen una fuente de enzimas con potencial para ser utilizada con diferentes fines biotecnológicos.
STRESS AND COPING STRATEGIES AMONG THE WIVES OF ALCOHOLICS ATTENDING SELECTED DE - ADDICTION CENTRES
Authors: rani Dr. S. Rajina Rani* , rani Dr. S. Rajina Rani*
Published: November 2021

Stress is a part of everyday life and no one is spared from it. People experience stress in different ways
and for different reasons. From the newborn to the person who breaths his/her last, suffers from different types of
stress. Wives of alcoholics go through countless problems in their personal and family life. They are at high risk for
low quality of life due to use of maladaptive coping strategies. This study will help to evaluate the level of stress
that faced by them and use of coping skills. Thus this will be a guide for planning and teaching effective coping
methods to the targeted population. Aim: To assess the stress and coping among the wives of alcoholics. Methods:
A quantitative research approach was used for the present study. The sample consisted of 50 wives of alcoholics,
selected using purposive sampling technique. The tools used for the study were modified perceived stress scale and
coping with drinking questionnaire. Results: The outcome of the study revealed that 98% of the wives of alcoholics
had moderate level of stress and 2% of the wives of alcoholics had mild level of stress. It was also found that 96% of
them had moderate level of coping and 4% had high level of coping.