bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of patient profiles from a comprehensive cancer center and the general population
Authors: Mettlin Curtis , Aungst C. William , Michalek Arthur M. , Lane Warren , Gamble Dolores
Published: February 2007

Differences in cancer patient profiles between cases seen at comprehensive cancer centers and those seen in the general population are seldom assessed by means of reliable and systematically collected data. This report compares the characteristics of patients treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute in Buffalo with all reported patients diagnosed in the Western New York population. Data for this study were generated from the Roswell Park Tumor Registry and the Western New York Tumor Registry. The findings indicate that patients presenting for treatment at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, compared to the WNY cancer patient population, are more frequently diagnosed with rare tumors, are younger, and manifest later stage disease. These data may have implications for the planning and evaluation of cancer patient services at the community level.
Effects of intravenous versus intraatrial administration of doxorubicin on the function and structure of the heart
Authors: Edington Howard , Mayer Deborah , Au Francis C. , Elfenbein I. Bruce , Bove Alfred A. , Smalley Richard V.
Published: February 2007

To evaluate the relationship of toxicity of doxorubicin to route of administration, we studied 21 mongrel dogs which were randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) a control group undergoing intraatrial indwelling catheter placement but no drug therapy; 2) an IV group receiving weekly doxorubicin by peripheral IV bolus administration; and 3) a catheter group receiving weekly doxorubicin through an indwelling intraatrial catheter. After 8 weeks all dogs were evaluated hemodynamically and then sacrificed. Sections of right ventricle were evaluated by light and electron microscopy. Although no hemodynamic alterations were found in any of the three groups, significant ultrastructural damage consistent with doxorubicin cardiac toxicity was demonstrable in four of the six evaluable catheter dogs receiving intraatrial doxorubicin, but in none of the other 13 dogs evaluated. This finding suggests that the intraatrial administration of doxorubicin may lead to cardiac toxicity at a lower cumulative dose than noted with peripheral IV administration.
The effect of immunity on pulmonary metastasis of a methylcholanthrene‐induced fibrosarcoma and three of its clones
Authors: Yu Samuel , Wang Nancy , McKhann Charles F.
Published: February 2007

A 3‐Methylcholanthrene (MC)‐induced fibrosarcoma and three of its clones were investigated for their metastatic potential in normal and tumor immune mice. The growth rates of the four tumors in vivo were similar. However, the mean survival times of the tumor‐bearing mice were markedly different. Clone 10, the most immunogenic, showed very high metastatic potential and short survival, while clone 27, the least immunogenic, produced few metastases, resulting in much longer survival. Moderate numbers of metastases were produced by highly immunogenic 3‐AM (parental tumor), and poorly immunogenic clone 34. Spleen cells from mice bearing highly immunogenic tumors lost their ability to neutralize tumors by day 28 after tumor inoculation, while those from mice bearing poorly immunogenic tumors remained cytotoxic, indicating that highly immunogenic tumors also induced immune suppression in the hosts. Immunization with specific tumors decreased the number of pulmonary metastases by 3 to 35‐fold. Immunization with tumors that shared antigens provided protection against metastatic tumors as well as the local tumors. In contrast, immunization with antigenically different tumors gave no protection.
Benign cysts of the parotid gland
Authors: Cohen Mimis N. , Rao Uma , Shedd Donald P.
Published: February 2007

Benign cysts of the parotid gland are rare. They present with equal distribution between males and females as unilateral painless swelling in the area of the parotid gland without fixation to the overlying skin or involvement of the facial nerve. These cysts can be congenital, acquired, or occasionally may arise from surrounding structures.

The preoperative diagnosis is very difficult and the treatment of choice consists of superficial parotidectomy. Our 10‐year experience with benign cyst of the parotid gland at Roswell Park Memorial Institute is presented in this paper.
Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity, lymphocyte count, and blood tests in patients with breast carcinoma
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N.(Margaret)
Published: February 2007

General immunocompetence was examined in 125 patients with various stages of breast cancer. Tests include peripheral blood lymphocyte count, serum protein electrophoresis, quantitative immunoglobulins, CEA level, and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) reaction to six recall antigens (PPD, Monilia, mumps, Varidase, histoplasmin, and coccidioidin). About one third of the patients responded positively to each of the first four antigens, whereas 12% reacted to histoplasmin and 4% to coccidioidin. In this study, DCH to recall antigens had no prognostic value because the distributions of skin test reactivity were similar among patients with different stages of breast carcinoma. And among patients with similar stage of disease the relapse rates were similar for those who reacted and those who were anergic. But peripheral lymphocyte count had definite prognostic value because patients with advanced stage (group III/IV) and those who were anergic had significantly lower lymphocyte counts. Among patients with relatively early stages of breast carcinoma (group I/II), those who had higher lymphocyte count (≧ 2,000/mm3) had lower chance of having relapse up to 5 years after mastectomy.
Embolization of the liver in the management of metastatic carcinoid tumors
Authors: Mårtensson Hans , Nobin Anders , Bengmark Stig , Lunderquist Anders , Owman Torben , Sandén Göran
Published: February 2007

Eight patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors and the carcinoid syndrome were treated with gelatin foam embolization of the hepatic arterial tree. The aims were to reduce the tumor mass in the liver and to eliminate the carcinoid syndrome. The effects of the treatment were judged from arteriograms, CT scans, and the levels of serotonin in blood and 5‐HIAA in urine, as well as from the clinical symptoms. The mean follow‐up time was 12.5 months. In all patients the liver tumor mass was reduced after embolization, and this reduction persisted for at least 6 months in seven patients. After treatment, reduced serotonin levels in blood were measured in four patients and reduced 5‐HIAA levels in urine in seven patients. In five patients the carcinoid syndrome disappeared after embolization, but after 6 months two of these five patients had regained symptoms. Adverse reactions were minor consisting of a slight fever, reversibly increased serum levels of liver enzymes, and abdominal pain. In our experience, the hepatic embolization is a simple and safe method of giving relief from the carcinoid syndrome.
Long survival after ovarian and hepatic metastasis from carcinoma of the large bowel: Report of a case
Authors: Herrera‐Ornelas Lemuel , Sweeney Kevin , Petrelli Nicholas , Mittelman Arnold , Rao Uma , Prado‐Alcala Enrique
Published: February 2007

Herein we present the case of a woman who is now 19 years post abdominoperineal resection for a Dukes' C1 rectal carcinoma, 10 years post right hemicolectomy for a Duke's C1 carcinoma of the ascending colon and removal of a solitary hepatic metastasis and now 9 years post resection of an ovarian metastasis. She had 5‐fluoracil, postoperatively. This is the ninth case reported in the literature of a 5‐year survivor free of disease following oophorectomy for metastatic adenocarcinoma of the large bowel. The finding of ovarian and hepatic metastases from her colorectal carcinoma would have indicated a poor prognosis. We feel that those rare patients who have an unexpected long survival should be reported for accumulation of clinical data, illustration of their clinical management, and analyses of the applied therapeutic interventions.
Recurrences after irradiation in early vocal cord cancer with literature review
Authors: Jose B. , Calhoun David L. , Mohammed Alyas
Published: February 2007

Radiation therapy in early glottic cancer offers an excellent cure rate with preservation of voice. This study is an analysis of 25 (18%) patients who had failures after irradiation. Ten patients were in stage I (T1N0M0) and 15 patients in stage II (T2N0M0). All patients received megavoltage irradiation with an average dose of 6600 rad, 180 to 200 rad per day, 5 days in a week. Of the failures, 15 patients had the tumor controlled by salvage surgery, laryngectomy being the most common surgical procedure. The median time to recurrence was 23 months. A detailed analysis of the failures, along with a literature review, is done in this paper.
Cholesterol, weight, height, quetelet's index, and colon cancer recurrence
Authors: Tartter Paul I. , Slater Gary , Papatestas Angelos E. , Aufses Arthur H.
Published: February 2007

The association of low serum cholesterol with colon cancer mortality suggests that low serum cholesterol promotes colon cancer recurrence. We compared cumulative 5‐year recurrence‐free rates of 279 colon cancer patients in relation to serum cholesterol, weight, height, and Quetelet's index. The median value for each variable was used to divide patients into those above the median, or at the median and below. Patients with median and lower serum cholesterol exhibited an 11% lower disease‐free rate at 5 years. Patients above median weight were at significantly increased risk of recurrence in both sexes (76 vs 54%, z = 3.0026, p = 0.003). Progressively decreasing weight was noted with advancing stage in males but not in females. Women above median Quetelet's index were also at significantly greater risk of recurrence (74 vs 52%, z = 2.6109, p = 0.009). Patients above median height were at insignificantly increased risk of recurrence. This study indicates that body weight is a significant prognostic factor for patients with colon cancer.
Bilateral intrathyroidal hyperplastic parathyroid glands
Authors: Davis Orrin , Scanlon Edward F. , Pollak Elizabeth R. , Casey Joseph J. , Victor Thomas A.
Published: February 2007

A patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism was found to have two intrathyroidal parathyroid glands. Parathyroid glands are found completely within the substance of the thyroid in approximately 2 to 8% of all cases. The surgical approach to hyperparathyroidism is discussed.
Cavernous hemangioma of the anus
Authors: Sweeney Kevin , Petrelli Nicholas , Herrera Lemuel , Lopez Cecilia , Mittelman Arnold
Published: February 2007

Vascular tumors of the large bowel can be divided into malignant and benign lesions. The benign lesions can be divided into capillary and cavernous hemangiomas. Large‐bowel hemangiomas are rere lesions, with the majority of cases reported in the rectum and rectosigmoid regions. Few cases of isolated anal hemangiomas are found in the literature. A case of an asymptomatic anal cavernous hemangioma, palpable on routine rectal examination and subsequently removed at proctosigmoidoscopy, is described.
Clear cell ovarian adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yoonessi Mahmood , Weldon Facog, David , Satchidand Sateesh K. , Crickard Kent
Published: February 2007

A retrospective analysis of the clinico‐pathologic aspects of 22 cases of clear cell ovarian carcinoma with a literature survey is the subject of this report. The rarity of these neoplasms below the age of 40 is reaffirmed. Tumor‐related hypercalcemia was observed in two patients and postoperative thromboembolic complications were encountered in three others. Electron microscopic examination revealed abundant cytoplasmic glycogen content in two cases. Ten patients in this group and 26% in reported series had coexistent endometriosis. Association with endometrial carcinoma was observed in two patients and was reported in 14% of the cases. No patient of ours with Stage III or IV disease survived 5 years or longer and only 8% have reportedly survived in collective series. There was suggestive evidence of radiation tumor response in two patients with Stage IIC disease who had received 5,000 rads pelvic radiotherapy. Objective partial responses were also observed with adriamycin‐, cytoxan‐, and cis‐platinum‐containing combinations. A management plan is outlined.
Immunological status of trophoblastic neoplasia
Authors: Khanna A. , Khanna S. , Gupta R. M. , Gupta S. , Khanna A. K.
Published: February 2007

Six cases of choriocarcinoma, 17 of vesicular mole, 20 normal pregnant females in the first trimester of pregnancy, and 20 normal nonpregnant women with previous normal obstetrical history were evaluated quantitatively for cell‐mediated immunity by response to 2:4 dinitrocholoroben‐zene and recall antigens. Serum immunoglobulins were estimated in all cases. Suppression of cell‐mediated immunity was marked in choriocarcinoma as compared to vesicular mole. Serum IgG levels were significantly diminished in cases of vesicular mole, indicating diminished humoral immunity. Follow‐up after 3 months of treatment with surgery and chemotherapy resulted in marked improvement of cell‐mediated immunity.
Primary lymphoma of meckle diverticulum: A case report
Authors: Al‐Dabbagh A. I. , Salih S. A. R.
Published: February 2007

A case of a primary lymphoma of Meckle diverticulum in a 6‐year‐old Iraqi boy presenting clinically as acute appendicitis is reported. Exploration revealed a ruptured gangrenous Meckle diverticulum with an ileo‐ileal intussusception at the diverticulum origin. A fairly comprehensive search through the English language literature has failed to reveal any other report of a primary lymphoma of Meckle diverticulum leading to acute intestinal obstruction.
Myoepitheliomas of the head and neck: Case report and review
Authors: Barnes Leon , Appel Billy N. , Perez Horacio , Moneim El‐Attar A.
Published: February 2007

The clinical, light, and ultrastructural features of a myoepithelioma occurring on the hard palate of a 24‐year‐old woman are presented and compared with 41 myoepitheliomas of the head and neck described in the English literature. These 42 tumors (39 benign and 3 malignant) occurred in individuals from 14 to 81 years of age, affected both sexes about equally, and most often presented as a slowly enlarging, asymptomatic mass. The parotid gland and palate were the most common sites of occurrence. The tumors are typically circumscribed and encapsulated, vary from 1 to 5 cm in the greatest dimension, and are composed of spindled and/or plasmacytoid myoepithelial cells. Prognosis correlates with histologic appearance and parallels that of the pleomorphic adenoma. Conservative excision with a margin of uninvolved tissue is curative. The differential diagnosis and histogenetic relationship with other closely related neoplasms are discussed.
Primary carcinoma of the gall bladder: A review of a 16‐year period at the university hospital
Authors: Shukla V. K. , Khandelwal C. , Roy S. K. , Vaidya M. P.
Published: February 2007

A review of the most relevant clinical data of patients with primary carcinoma of the gall bladder referred to our hospital over a 16‐year‐period has indicated that this is the third most common and aggressive cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. The disease occurs predominantly in elderly females who often present with extremes of clinical symptoms indicating benign biliary disease on the one hand and incurable malignant disease on the other. Laboratory and roentgenographic data tend to confirm the clinical diagnosis of this almost entirely incurable disease. The overall 5‐year survival of the patients with primary carcinoma of the gall bladder is less than 1%; a majority of the patients are dead in less than 6 months.
Recurrence rate of positive margin basal cell carcinoma: Results of a five‐year prospective study
Authors: De Silva Stephen P. , Lee Dellon A.
Published: February 2007

The few previous studies on recurrence of incompletely excised basal cell carcinoma are retrospective, and the reported recurrence rate ranges from 19% to 67%. In a prospective study design, we found a recurrence rate of 41% in 34 surgically excised positive‐margin basal cell carcinomas. The mean time until tumor recurrence was 24.6 months. The mean follow‐up time in those patients remaining free of tumor was 61.4 months.
Breast carcinoma at the extremes of age: A comparison of patients younger than 35 years and older than 75 years
Authors: Rosen Paul Peter , Lesser Martin L. , Kinne David W.
Published: February 2007

We assessed the prognosis of patients with breast carcinoma at the extremes of the age distribution of the disease. The groups examined were 166 women 35 years or less and 169 at least 75 years old. Analysis of recurrence and survival showed no significant difference between the groups as a whole or when they were stratified by nodal status. Life expectancy of elderly women with breast carcinoma was significantly reduced when compared with a “normal” age‐matched population. Medullary carcinoma was more frequent in young women while a relatively higher proportion of colloid and invasive lobular carcinoma occurred in elderly women. Bilateral carcinoma was found with nearly equal frequency in both age groups. However, elderly women were more likely to have been treated previously for contralateral carcinoma while young women tended to develop asynchronous, subsequent carcinoma.
Trends in the management of breast cancer
Authors: Raina Suresh , Rush Benjamin F. , Blackwood James M. , Lazaro Eric J.
Published: February 2007

Responses of general surgeons to a questionnaire on breast cancer were analyzed to determine the current trends in the management of this disease. A 21‐item questionnaire was mailed to members of the New Jersey Chapter of the American College of Surgeons in 1982 and the responses, received on noncoded, anonymous answer sheets, were analyzed for frequency distribution. These responses were compared to previously recorded responses to the same questions for 1971 and 1977.

Seventy‐six percent of the respondents in 1982 performed needle aspirations often or always, compared to 36% in 1971 and 80% in 1977. The use of routine mammography has increased from 16% in 1971 and 20% in 1977 to 38% in 1982. Modified radical mastectomy is now the most common type of procedure employed in the management of stage I breast cancer, with 89% of respondents in favor of this approach compared to 15% in 1971 and 60% in 1977. Fifty‐nine percent of the respondents are not opposed to breast reconstruction following mastectomy versus 14% in 1971 and 49% in 1977. For patients with axillary nodes, chemotherapy with multiple agents was recommended by 76% of general surgeons in 1982, compared to 58% in 1977.

These results indicate a continuing trend towards increasing use of needle aspiration and routine mammography for diagnosis and for employment of chemotherapy with multiple agents in the adjuvant treatment of patients with positive axillary nodes. Furthermore, modified radical mastectomy is the operation of choice for stage I cancer of the breast for increasing numbers of surgeons.
An enzymatic method for the consistent production of monodispersed viable cell suspensions from human solid tumors
Authors: Rong Guo Huang , Grimm Elizabeth A. , Sindelar William F.
Published: February 2007

An enzymatic method is described for disaggregation of viable tumor cells from human solid tumors. The enzymatic cocktail consists of 0.1 % collagenase, 0.01% hyaluronidase, and 0.002% deoxyribonuclease. After mechanical mincing of the tumor tissue, tumor specimens are dissociated by incubation in the enzymatic cocktail for 12–18 hours at room temperature. In 17 cases of sarcoma, the mean yield was 5 × 106 viable cells per gram tumor tissue. Yield was 1 × 107 viable cells per gram tumor tissue in 23 cases of gastrointestinal carcinoma. The viabilities of tumor cell suspensions ranged from 50 to 98%, except for low viabilities in four specimens that were grossly composed almost entirely of necrotic tissue. The dissociation procedure is simple and the viable cell yield is sufficient for applications in studies of human cancer immunobiology.
Adjuvant corynebacterium parvum immunotherapy for squamous cell epitheliomas of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx
Authors: Neifeld James P. , Terz Jose J. , Kaplan Alan M. , Lawrence Walter
Published: February 2007

Patients with primary squamous cell epitheliomas of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx were stratified according to stage and site and randomized to receive either intratumoral immunotherapy with Corynebacterium parvum followed 2 weeks later by surgery and postoperative C parvum for 2 years or surgery alone. There were 209 patients entered into the trial and 176 were fully evaluable. All prognostic variables were similar between the two groups. There was no difference in disease‐free survival or absolute survival between the two groups of patients. In addition, there was no difference noted for any stage and/or site. The only difference in sequential immunologic testing was that chemokinesis was increased following intratumoral C parvum, but neither this nor any other immunologic test correlated with ultimate recurrence or survival. These data demonstrate that immunotherapy using preoperative, intralesional C parvum and postoperative, subcutaneous C parvum is ineffective when used as an adjuvant to surgery for primary cancers arising in the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
Surgical intervention of countless metastatic lung lesions: A case report
Authors: Zylstra Samuel , Karakousis Constantine , Takita Hiroshi
Published: February 2007

A patient with countless metastatic bilateral lung lesions from sarcoma of an extremity was treated surgically. The patient is alive in good physical condition nearly 2 years following the surgery. Although there are residual pulmonary metastases, they appear to be stational. Surgical intervention of countless metastatic lung lesions may be indicated in selected cases.
Castleman's tumor with retroperitoneal location: A malignant‐appearing benign tumor
Authors: Skolnik Gabor , Wiklund Lars‐Martin , Risberg Bo
Published: February 2007

A case of a large retroperitoneal tumor in the pararenal region is presented. The tumor had an initial appearance of a malignant neoplasm both radiographically and at operation but histopathologically it turned out to be a rare benign tumor, Castleman's disease. Based on the benign nature of this lymphoid tumor extensive surgical procedures should be avoided as limited excision of the tumor appears to have been curative in all the patients reported in the literature.
Detection of recurrent cancer of the colon and rectum
Authors: Graffner Hans , Hultberg Bjöurn , Johansson Bengt , Müller Torgil , Petersson B. G.
Published: February 2007

Outpatient follow‐up in patients operated upon due to carcinoma of the colon and rectum is usually performed, due to a high rate of recurrence and with the aim of finding a curable recurrence. Due to the enormous cost of an extended follow‐up system, a careful evaluation of the benefit is needed. The aim of the present investigation was to study the efficacy of the different tools in an extended follow‐up. One hundred ninety patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum were—apart from traditional clinical follow‐up‐followed with an extensive laboratory battery including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin (Hb), electrophoresis, ALP, and GT. Forty‐seven recurrences were found. Thirty‐one of these recurrences were first detected by a rise in CEA. Seven cases were detected at clinical follow‐up and six cases due to symptoms suggestive of recurrence. The predictive value of a positive test was 79.4% for CEA but very low for the other tests studied. A negative value for any of the tests in the battery was usually accurate. Follow‐up after colorectal carcinoma should include CEA as the only laboratory parameter. Postoperative colonoscopy for removal of missed synchronous lesions, chest X‐ray, and endoscopic investigations of the anastomotic region also seem to be of value.
Malignant smooth muscle tumors of the retroperitoneum and mesentery: A clinicopathologic analysis of 44 cases
Authors: Hashimoto Hiroshi , Tsuneyoshi Masazumi , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: February 2007

Forty‐four cases of leiomyosarcoma arising in the retroperitoneum (33 cases) and mesentery (11 cases) were analyzed clinicopathologically, and four were examined ultrastructurally. These tumors were more common in women (61 %) than in men (39%), and the median age of the patients was 59 years. Except for three tumors, most were large and over 10 cm in the greatest diameter. Twenty‐seven tumors were classical leiomyosar‐comas, while seven were composed predominantly of epithelioid cells and classified as malignant leiomyoblastoma (epithelioid leiomyosarcoma). In addition to the classical microscopic features, dedifferentiated areas resembling malignant fibrous histiocytoma were noted in three cases. Ultrastructurally, the tumors were characterized by smooth muscle tumor cells showing a spectrum of differentiation of varying degrees. Of the 42 patients for whom follow‐up information could be obtained, 33 (79%) died within a period of five years after the initial treatment. Mitotic activity showed no significant correlation with biological behavior; ten of the 15 patients in whom the mitotic counts were less than five per 10 high‐power fields (HPF), expired of the tumor.
High incidence of liver metastasis in gastric cancer with medullary growth pattern
Authors: Kaibara Nobuaki , Kimura Osamu , Nishidoi Hideaki , Makino Masato , Kawasumi Hiroki , Koga Shigemasa
Published: February 2007

We studied the histology of resected specimens from 71 gastric cancer patients with synchronous and metachronous liver metastasis to assess the predominance of a particular histological pattern in gastric cancer with a tendency for liver metastasis. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma manifesting a medullary growth pattern was the most frequent histologic pattern (33%), followed by papillary adenocarcinoma (28%) in 39 patients with synchronous liver metastasis. In 32 patients who developed metachronous liver metastasis as the main pattern of recurrence, papillary adenocarcinoma was most frequent (47%), followed by poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the medullary type (28%). Scirrhous carcinoma was not encountered in patients manifesting metachronous liver metastasis. As most of the papillary adenocarcinomas exhibited a medullary growth pattern, we hypothesize that gastric cancer of the medullary type tends to metastasize to the liver, irrespective of the basic histologic pattern, and that poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the medullary type has a particularly high tendency for metastasizing to the liver.
Hormonal evaluation in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Vassilopoulou‐Sellin Rena , Wallis Christopher J. , Samaan Naguib A.
Published: February 2007

Aspects of growth regulation were studied in patients with osteosarcoma to ascertain if hormonal imbalance is associated with this disease. Thirty‐nine evaluated patients were of normal height for their ages. During the oral glucose tolerance test, carbohydrate intolerance was demonstrated in seven of 18 patients, while growth hormone was slightly elevated in four of 17 patients. Serum somatomedin activity (SMA) was elevated in seven of nine patients. In one untreated patient in whom SMA was measured across the tumor bed, significant gradient of SMA was found; gel filtration of the sera at pH 2.4 revealed a typical SMA profile in the arterial serum and an additional high SMA peak in the venous serum. Among needle biopsy specimens incubated for 48 hours. SMA was released by the histologically viable tumors but not by the nonviable specimens. The data suggest that young patients with osteosarcoma have elevated SMA.
Giant polypoid basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Love Cordon L. , Sarma Deba P.
Published: February 2007

A giant polypoid basal cell carcinoma occurring in the back of a 64‐year‐old man is reported. Three other such cases from the English literature are reviewed.
The effects of hyperthermia on vascular permeability in experimental liver metastasis
Authors: Lefor Alan T. , Makohon Stefania , Ackerman Norman B.
Published: February 2007

The effects of hyperthermia on vascular permeability in Walker carcino‐sarcomas and host liver tissue were studied in Sprague‐Dawley rats. A quantitative Evans blue technique was used to measure permeability. With tumors heated to 40° C, a nontherapeutic level, no changes in tumor vascular permeability as compared to control levels were noted. However, with tumors heated to 43° C, within the therapeutic range of hyperthermia, significant rises in tumor vascular permeability occurred. Permeability was increased at both time periods studied, 30 minutes and 6 hours after hyperthermia and injection of Evans blue. These changes are similar to those seen after physical damage from freeze‐thaw. It is likely that alterations in tumor microcirculation play a role in the therapeutic effect of intense hyperthermia.
Intravesical chemotherapy of superficial bladder tumors in a controlled trial with cis‐platinum versus Cis‐platinum plus hyaluronidase
Authors: Horn Yoav , Eidelman Avraham , Walach Natalio , Waron Mordechai , Barak Frida
Published: February 2007

Twenty‐three patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder were randomized for intravesical chemotherapy with either cis‐platinum or cis‐platinum plus hyaluronidase, an enzyme promoting diffusion factor. Treatment was administered at 3‐week intervals and checked for efficacy by repeated cystoscopies after every three instillations. Hematologic and biochemical tests were repeated prior to each treatment and, these, in additional to the cystoscopic findings, served for final evaluation of results and toxicity. The complete response rate was found to be superior with cis‐platinum than with cis‐platinum plus hyaluronidase. The complete plus partial response rates were equal in both groups. We conclude that the addition of hyaluronidase to cis‐platinum revealed no superiority to cis‐platinum alone, and both modes of treatment showed similar clinical efficacy as other drugs previously used for intravesical chemotherapy.
Acute leukaemia following malignant ependymoma: A case report
Authors: Pai M. R. S. M. , Advani S. H. , Gopal R. , Nair C. N. , Saikia T. , Kamat D. M.
Published: February 2007

Though an increasing number of chemotherapy‐ and radiotherapy‐related leukaemias are being reported, acute promyclocytic leukaemia developing as a therapy‐related second malignancy is still uncommon. Here we report a case of acute promyetocytic leukemia, microgranular variant, developing in a case of intracranial malignant ependymoma, 1.5 years following treatment with craniospinal radiotherapy.
Altered characteristics of B16 melanoma cells induced by chemically crosslinking fibronectin to cell surfaces
Authors: Bowersox Jon C. , Richters Arnis , Sorgente Nino
Published: February 2007

The loss of fibronectin from tumor cell surfaces has been correlated with an increased incidence of metastases. To determine directly whether cell surface fibronectin influences the metastatic potential of solid tumors, we chemically crosslinked fibronectin to B16 murine melanoma cells using a photosensitive heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent, N‐succinimidyl‐4‐azidophenyl‐1,3 dithiopropionate (SADP). Cell attachment to plastic surfaces was increased in cells to which fibronectin was attached; cell growth over a 24‐hr period was not significantly affected by the addition of fibronectin. When C57BL/6 mice were injected with fibronectin‐cross‐linked B16 cells, there was a 63% reduction in the number of pulmonary nodules compared to untreated controls. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that fibronectin enhances the recognition and removal of tumor cells from the circulation, possibly by cells of the reticuloendothelial system.
Value of liver scintigraphy in pretreatment staging and in follow‐up of patients with malignant melanoma
Authors: Jönsson Per‐Ebbe , Hafström Larsolof , Hugander Anders , Cederquist Ebbe
Published: February 2007

Liver scintigraphy (99Tcm sulphur colloid) was performed in 118 patients with malignant melanoma. In 73 patients diagnosed as stage I, the pretreatment evaluation showed one false‐negative and one false‐positive examination. During follow‐up there were ten abnormal liver scintigraphies; one was later correlated to liver metastases. In 46 patients diagnosed as stage II‐IV, the pretreatment liver scintigraphy yielded false‐negative results in 36% and false‐positive results in 15%. The predictive values of positive and negative tests were 44% and 81%, respectively. The yields of liver tests (S‐alkaline phosphatase, S‐gamma‐glutamyl‐transferase) in patients with liver metastases were low. This study demonstrated the limitations of liver scintigraphy for diagnosis of liver metastases in patients with malignant melanoma.
Squamous metaplasia in colonic adenomata: Report of two cases
Authors: Kontozoglou Theodosios
Published: February 2007

Two cases of squamous metaplasia in colonic adenomata are reported. Since squamous metaplasia is known to occur rarely in the colon it is surprising that its occurrence in colonic adenomata has not been emphasized; this is more remarkable as its presence may have clinical significance as a precursor of rare forms of carcinoma of the colon.
Histopathologic effect of preoperative chemotherapy using 5‐Fu fat emulsion in gastric cancer
Authors: Wu Yong‐Fang , Zhen Zhuan‐An , Shao Jia‐Kang , Zhen Hong‐De , Han Zhi‐Hong
Published: February 2007

The authors report histopathologic effect of preoperative chemotherapy using 5‐Fu fat emulsion for a series of 42 cases of gastric carcinoma. To each patient 348–464 mg of 5‐Fu emulsion was given orally every day for 10 days before operation. It was well tolerated and no apparent side‐effects were encountered. The overall response rate was 57.14%. We hold that this regimen is beneficial for gastric cancer.
Technical developments and instrumentation: Percutaneous transhepatic feeding jejunostomy
Authors: Haskell Liliana , Gordon Roy L. , Salomonowitz Erich , Ayalon Amram , Durst Arieh
Published: February 2007

A new access route for insertion of a feeding jejunostomy using a percutaneous transhepatic approach is described in a case with advanced antral cancer. Standard PTC techniques and angiographic catheters were used.
Beta‐2‐microglobulin as a marker of malignant epithelial tumors of the skin
Authors: Sarma Deba P. , Olivier Maureen , Goldsman Cary , Millikan Larry E.
Published: February 2007

Twenty‐seven formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded skin samples were examined to determine the usefulness of the loss of beta‐2‐microglobulin (B2m) in determining the malignancy of the epithelial cells of skin tumors. Our results confirm that there is loss of B2m from the cell surface in certain malignant lesions whereas the cells in the clearly benign lesions retain B2m on their cell membrane. Variable staining in the low‐grade malignant and premalignant lesions renders B2m as an unreliable cell surface marker for differentiating borderline lesions.
Effects of intralymphatic immunotherapy on natural killer activity in malignant melanoma patients
Authors: Moy Peter M. , Golub Sidney H. , Calkins Edward , Morton Donald L.
Published: February 2007

Adjuvant immunotherapy has the theoretical attraction of augmenting the host immune response at a time when the tumor burden is low. We have previously reported that intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILI) augments the cytolytic humoral immune responses in melanoma patients. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of ILI on cell‐mediated immunity. As a model for the cellular effects of ILI, we investigated the natural killer (NK) cell activity in malignant melanoma patients. Fourteen patients were given an allogeneic cultured tumor cell vaccine (TCV) intralymphatically with concomitant administration of BCG. Natural killer cell activity was assessed sequentially using the single cell lysis and binding assay. Overall NK activity against the K562 target cell line showed a moderate increase over pretreatment levels as reflected by the increased number of target binding lymphocytes. However, the percentage of target binders mediating cell lysis remained unchanged during treatment. Assessment of NK activity against the NK‐resistant M14 melanoma cell line reflected similar findings. These results suggest the activation of NK cells by tumor antigens, BCG, and/or alloimmunization with TCV. This increase appears to be manifested by increased target recognition rather than by alterations in effector cell function.
Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Van Landingham Samuel B. , Hendricks John C. , Roberts John W.
Published: February 2007

Spontaneous rupture of a primary hepatocellular carcinoma is an extremely rare event in the western hemisphere. Only a handful of singlecase reports have been authored in the continental United States. A ruptured hepatoma carries a dismal prognosis and is usually beyond a “resection for cure” stage. In this report, two cases of spontaneously ruptured primary hepatocellular carcinoma are described. Both cases involved cirrhotic livers, and the tumor in each case was resected to attempt cure. One patient survived nearly 2 years; the other is alive and well at this time.
The response to further chemotherapy in patients with carcinoma of the breast who progressed while receiving adjuvant therapy
Authors: Morris Don M. , Elias E. George , Didolkar Mukund S. , Brown Sally D.
Published: February 2007

The effect of known chemotherapeutic programs in patints with breast cancer who developed metastasis during or after adjuvant chemotherapy with L‐PAM plus 5‐FU (PF) were switched. Thirteen patients failed while receiving adjuvant therapy at 3–22 months from the time therapy started. Three patients failed 6–28 months after 2 year of therapy. Thirteen patients received PF followed by cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5‐fluorouracil (CMF) at the time of progression PF. Of these, ten received Adriamycin and vincristine (AV) at the time of progression on CMF. The response to CMF was 7%. No patint responded to AV after progression on CMF. Two of three patients treated with AV after failure on PF did respond, but both for only 6 responsive to further chemotherapy. Sine most patients failed while on adjuvant therapy, this may indicate a poor prognosis regardless of the agents used.
Pulmonary oncocytoma
Authors: Tesluk Henry , Dajee Amritlal
Published: February 2007

A pulmonary tumor composed of oncocytes was removed surgically from a 53‐year‐old man. Diagnosis was made after ultrastructural study. Pathological significance of this rare entity is briefly discussed and the literature reviewed.
Primary mediastinal germinomas in females: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Moriconi William J. , Taylor Sarah , Huntrakoon Manop , MacArthur Richard I. , Bixler Thomas J.
Published: February 2007

Primary mediastinal germinomas in females are rare. Long‐term survival ranges from 50 to 81%, depending on the initial extent of disease. Initial spread occurs intrathoracically and to regional nodes with late hematogenous dissemination. The roles of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are discussed.
Hepatic tumors and oral contraceptives: Surgical management
Authors: Gonzalez Federico , Marks Charles
Published: February 2007

The clinical and pathological features of 14 patients with benign liver tumors are reviewed. There were two males and 12 females in this series of cases. All but one of the females had been on contraceptive steroid therapy for an average of 7.8 years. Abdominal pain was the presenting complaint in 75% of cases, a palpable abdominal mass was present in 22%, while 12.5% of the patients presented with acute hemorrhagic shock due to rupture of a liver cell adenoma. Liver cell adenomas (LCA) were found in 87.5% of the cases and a diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNA) was made at histologic examination of the resected tumors in 12.5% of cases.

Surgical resection of the liver tumors was performed successfully in 89% of the cases. Hepatic lobectomy was accomplished in four patients, hepatic segmentectomy was possible in three cases, while local wedge resection or focal excision were indicated on seven occasions. There was no operative mortality in this series, but one patient required reoperation for drainage of a complicating subphrenic abscess.
Therapeutic advantage in preoperative single‐dose radiation combined with conservative and radical surgery in different‐size murine fibrosarcomas
Authors: Todoroki Takeshi , Suit Herman D.
Published: February 2007

The efficacy of surgery alone or combined with preoperative radiation was examined using isotransplants of the spontaneous fibrosarcoma (FSaII) growing in the right leg of syngeneic C3Hf/Sed mice and employing as end‐points both local tumor control probability and normal tissue damage. Complete assays have been performed on small (4–5 mm) and large (8 mm) tumors. The TCD50s (the dose required to control half the irradiated tumors) for radiation alone were 63.2 and 82.7 Gy for small and large tumors, respectively. Surgery was performed 4 days after the radiation treatment. Surgical resections were performed under an 8X dissecting microscope. In small tumors, radical (enbloc resection) and conservative (local resection) surgery alone achieved 69.8% (30/43) and 21.9% (7/32) tumor control. The corresponding figures for large tumor were 25% (8/32) and 6.1% (2/33), respectively. The combination of radiation and surgery increased tumor control frequency up to 100% with doses lower than TCD50 for radiation alone. The TGF is expresseed as therapeutic gain factor for conservative and for radical surgery for 4–5‐mm and for 8‐mm tumors from analyses of dose response curves for tumor control and leg shortening. In small tumors, the TGFs at the 80% tumor control (TCD80) and leg shortening of 5 mm were 1.4 and 1.8 for radical and conservative resection, respectively. The TGFs at the TCD50 level for large tumors were 1.4 and 1.7 in respective resections. In this particular experimental system, conservative surgery yielded higher TGFs than radical surgery for both tumor sizes. No effect of preoperative treatment on the frequency of distant metastasis was observed.
Multiple primary cancers of the respiratory tract: A case of synchronous carcinoma of the larynx, carcinoma of the floor of the mouth, and dual primary bronchogenic carcinomas
Authors: Staren Edgar D. , Roberts Jack
Published: February 2007

Multiple primary cancers of the respiratory tract are no longer considered uncommon. We describe a patient with synchronous carcinoma of the larynx, carcinoma of the floor of the mouth, and dual primary bronchogenic carcinomas. The clinical presentation, course, and treatment of this condition are discussed. Clinicians should be aware that multiple primary cancers of the respiratory tract are being reported more frequently and any tumor of this area demands a detailed examination of the entire tract at the time of diagnosis and careful, regular follow‐up.
Nutritional status in advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Khanna N. N.
Published: February 2007

Fifty‐four patients with advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer were assessed for their nutritional status prior to any form of therapy. Anthropometric parameters—weight loss, arm muscle circumference, skin‐fold thickness—and biochemical parameters—serum albumin and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to purified protein derivative (PPD) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)—were used for nutritional assessment. Using standard values for comparison, about 80% of all patients were found to be nutritionally depleted. Immunocompetence did not show significant correlation with other nutritional parameters.
Unusual faces of lung cancer
Authors: Sapone Frances M. , Reyes Cesar V.
Published: February 2007

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from malignancy in men; and prediction indicates that in women it will soon surpass breast carcinoma in incidence and mortality. Four unusual modes of presentation of lung cancer are described, namely: ascites, gynecomastia, rectal bleeding, and sudden death. An illustrative case for each characteristic, along with a brief literature review, is reported.
The effect of age on estrogen and progesterone receptor in primary breast cancer
Authors: Alghanem A. A. , Hussain S.
Published: February 2007

We evaluated the estrogen receptors (Er) and progesterone receptors (Pr) in 228 female patients with primary breast cancer by Dextran‐Charcol method. Their ages vary from 30 to 91 years. Mean age 60.7 years. (SD: 13.6 years). Er mean was 70.31. (SD:103); there exists a statistically significant correlation between age and Er at p< .001; older patients have higher Er. Pr mean was 60.73, (SD:128). There is statistically significant correlation between age and Pr at .01 p<.025; older patients have higher Pr. There is also very statistical significant correlation between Er and Pr at p<0.1; when Er is high Pr is high.
Antitumor effect in peritoneal carcinomatosis of intraperitoneal administration of a streptococcal preparation, OK‐432: I. Experimental study in the rat
Authors: Saji Shigetoyo , Umemoto Takao , Kida Hisashi , Sakata Kazuki
Published: February 2007

The effect of intraperitoneal OK‐432 administration and its mechanism of action were investigated using an experimental rat tumor. On day 4 or 6 of intraperitoneal inoculation of tumor cells, 50 Klinische Einheit (KE)/kg of OK‐432 was intraperitoneally administered, and intraperitoneal exudate cells were microscopically examined daily. Distribution of peritoneal exudate cells: A marked increse in neutrophils was noted in ascites at 24 hours after intraperitoneal administration of OK‐432, with macrophages and lymphocytes appearing later than neutrophils. A subsequent decrease in neutrophils was accompanied by a gradual increase in tumor cells. Findings of tumor cells: When OK‐432 was intraperitoneally administered on day 4 of tumor inoculation, aggregation of neutrophils around tumor cells was observed on day 6, and rosette formations around tumor cells were noted on day 7 or 8. Subsequently tumor cells that formed the centers of the rosettes were destroyed and disappeared. These reactions were not observed when OK‐432 was administered on day 6, nor were they observed in untreated cases. These results suggest that cytotoxic effects of intraperitoneally administered OK‐432 were displayed mainly by rosette formation by neutrophilic cells, as far as this model was concerned.
Primary orbital lymphoma—pseudotumor (pseudolymphoma): Case reports and review of radiotherapy literature
Authors: Ampil Federico L. , Bahrassa Feraydoon S.
Published: February 2007

Five case reports of orbital pseudotumor (pseudolymphoma) and primary orbital lymphoma are presented. A review of the literature was conducted in search of differentiating clinic opathologic features suggestive of either condition as well as part of their natural histories. Radiotherapy series reporting beneficial results are summarized.