bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Weems Robert E.
Published: September 2020

This introduction discusses the methodology employed to construct this biography of Anthony Overton and provides an overview of how the book is chronologically and thematically organized. It also examines Anthony Overton’s enigmatic personality. Notwithstanding his tendency to periodically exaggerate his early life accomplishments, Overton was not a braggart. In fact, he was widely perceived to be a low-key and unassuming individual. Moreover, unlike many successful business people owning fine cars and homes; Overton, during the peak of his commercial success, did not own an automobile and lived in his married children’s spare bedrooms. Finally, although he was a conservative disciple of Booker T. Washington, Overton possessed (for the times) a fairly progressive attitude regarding women’s “proper” role.
A Star Is Born
Authors: Weems Robert E.
Published: September 2020

This chapter discusses how Anthony Overton’s relocation to Chicago in 1911 proved to be one of the wisest moves of his life. Within a short period of time, the once frustrated entrepreneur established an important business niche in one of America’s leading cities. Yet Anthony Overton’s first years in Chicago were not without challenges. Within a year after his arrival, the sudden death of his wife, Clara, forced Overton to reorient both his personal and business affairs. He subsequently began to more fully incorporate his daughters and other attractive young females as the “public face” of his personal care products company. This maneuver helped increase the Overton-Hygienic Manufacturing Company’s prominence in an industry then dominated by his primary competitors, Annie Turnbo-Malone and Madam C. J. Walker.
The Half-Century Magazine
Authors: Weems Robert E.
Published: September 2020

In 1916, Anthony Overton established the Half-Century Magazine as a venue to more effectively market Overton Hygienic Manufacturing Company products. To deflect charges of shameless self-promotion, Overton put forward a female employee as the owner, editor, and public face of this women-oriented periodical. Overton’s skullduggery included submitting anonymous editorials and publishing articles under a pseudonym (McAdoo Baker) to convey his beliefs regarding business enterprise, racial identity, and personal conduct. Above and beyond Overton’s deception, the Half-Century created a commercial environment where black female readers were not exposed to racially insulting personal care products ads. This advertising policy, along with Half-Century’s sponsorship of a contest extolling the beauty of African American women, enhanced Overton-Hygienic’s position in the marketplace.
Early Country Music
Authors: Vander Wel Stephanie
Published: September 2020

Chapter 1 explores the theatrical context of 1930s country music on radio, specifically daily and weekly shows, including the National Barn Dance, on Chicago’s WLS. Similar to vaudeville, radio programmed the diverse strands of vernacular expression with music (including Western art music) that pointed to the high and popular aesthetics of the middle-class mainstream. With an emphasis on reception, this chapter demonstrates that listeners debated the merits of early country music as well as other musical styles and genres with a class-based understanding of aesthetics. The syncretic nature and theatrical characters of early country music (such as the singing mountaineer, the crooning cowboy, and the rustic buffoon) fit radio’s attempts to negotiate the crossing and blurring of the serious and the popular, the urban and the rural, and the sentimental and the parodic. Thus, through the technology of radio, early country music first secured a place in the American consciousness by rubbing against other styles and genres that transgressed cultural and musical divides.
Rose Maddox
Authors: Vander Wel Stephanie
Published: September 2020

Chapter 5 continues to explore the themes of theatricality and vocal performance in California country music by focusing on Rose Maddox as a member of her family band and as a solo recording artist during the 1940s and 1950s. In her farcical and striking covers of country songs, Maddox drew on a range of vocal styles, including a belting vocality that incorporated southern idioms, appreciated by her audience of Okies. Her various vocal approaches re-created the carnivalesque revelry of the roadhouse and helped to shape narratives that underscored the shifts in marriage and autonomy for Okie women after World War II. Because of the expressive power of her voice and her dynamic, fluid stage persona, Maddox helped carve out performance spaces for female artists such as Jean Shepard in 1950s honky-tonk and rockabilly artists like Wanda Jackson.
Conclusion
Authors: Vander Wel Stephanie
Published: September 2020

The conclusion considers the ways in which female country artists of the 1960s and 1970s and more contemporary artists have drawn on the performative and singing practices of women in early country music. Specifically, it examines Loretta Lynn’s inclusion of the musical tropes and vocal expressions of honky-tonk and how Dolly Parton has combined past theatrical conventions with contrasting vocal approaches in her fluid play of gender. The Dixie Chicks, Gretchen Wilson, and Miranda Lambert have also carried the recurrent themes of the past to the dynamic present in their performances of the singing cowgirl, the redneck woman, and the crazy ex-girlfriend. The conclusion argues that the stylized displays of rusticity, working-class womanhood, confrontational narratives, and vocalities redolent of past traditions have all had a lasting influence on recent female artists.
An Abundance of Outright Untruths
Authors: West E. James
Published: September 2020

This chapter situates the early development of Ebony within a longer history of black press engagement with black history and the evolution of the black history movement in the United States. It demonstrates that black history education was an important, if often overlooked feature of Ebony from its creation in 1945 and demonstrates how coalescing civil rights activism pushed the magazine towards a more substantive engagement with both black history and black activism.
Tell Us of Our Past
Authors: West E. James
Published: September 2020

This chapter focuses on the publication of Ebony’s first major “Negro History” series during the early 1960s, a feature which helped to formalise its role as an outlet for popular black history and signalled the emergence of Lerone Bennett, Jr. as a popular historian and public intellectual. The diverse ways in which Ebony’s audience and external critics engaged with the magazine’s series reveals the importance of Ebony’s role as a ‘history book’, but also how this role was contested by other black history outlets and organisations
Between Fitness and Death
Authors: Hunt-Kennedy Stefanie
Published: September 2020

This is the first book-length study of Caribbean slavery to make disability its primary focus. The book sets out to answer the following questions: How does colonialism—specifically slavery—challenge the way we think about histories of disability, race, and labor? In what ways might slavery and the expansion of the slave trade have transformed English understandings of supposedly defective bodies and minds in the metropole and colonies? How did disability, disfigurement, and deformity among the enslaved—whether transient, permanent, natural, or inflicted—influence English understandings of race and ability in the colonial period? How did slavery-induced disability shape the embodied reality of enslavement in the British Caribbean? The analysis of disability in the context of Atlantic world slavery is threefold. First, it explores representations of disability as they connect with enslavement and the development of an English antiblack racism from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. Second, it moves between the realms of representation and reality in order to examine the embodied, physical, emotional, and psychological impairments produced by the institution of slavery and endured by the enslaved. Third, it examines slave law as an institutionally driven system of enforced disablement. This book illustrates that the histories of disability and slavery overlap in significant ways, and second, that Caribbean bondspeople form an integral part of wider disability history.
Distilling Grain, Feeding Livestock
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

Kentucky’s nineteenth-century distillers used Indian corn as their primary grain, but they also distilled wheat, rye, and barley. Thus, they needed reliable sources of quality grain. Corn became a staple grain, consumed in quantity by farm families and town residents alike. Corn was widely grown in the nineteenth century, but before 1860, only farmers in the Bluegrass region were producing sufficient grain to feed their own livestock, sell to millers for human consumption, and meet distillers’ demands. After the Civil War, corn production increased, and the grain became more widely available for industrial-scale distilling. Wheat and rye were not extensively grown in Kentucky; they were more valuable than corn for foodstuffs and were not favored by distillers. Although Kentucky farmers produced barley, supplies were often deficient in quantity and quality for malting and use by distillers, necessitating its importation by rail from producers on the Great Plains and in the Canadian Prairie Provinces. Distillers fed hogs and cattle on spent grains, or slop, throughout the distilling season, and by season’s end in late spring, the animals had achieved market weight. This was a form of agriculture-distilling complementarity.
By-products
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

Some early farm distillers disposed of their slop by dumping it into streams, killing fish, fouling the water, and drawing irate protests from neighbors. Nuisance abatement laws were invoked to combat the practice. Other distillers adopted livestock feeding systems that combined slop with hay and fodder. Penned livestock then created a secondary problem: animal waste runoff from the feeding pens. Some distillers gave away or sold their slop to neighboring farmers. Livestock brokers began to buy cattle and hogs specifically for consignment to distilleries, where the animals would be fed to market weight. After 1900, the Kentucky State Board of Health began a campaign to combat waterborne diseases spread by sewage and slop contamination.
Connections
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

Kentucky’s early farmers and distillers were shipping products to New Orleans by way of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers by the late 1780s. River navigation was influenced by access, channel obstructions, cold weather, and water levels; seasonal dry periods and ice-covered streams curtailed shipping. Steam-powered boats enabled two-way traffic on trunk streams. Overland roads were mere tracks prior to the turnpike era of “built roads,” which began in the 1830s and lasted until the 1890s. Some distillers obtained state charters to build turnpikes that linked their works to trunk roads, rivers, or railroads. By the 1850s, railroads reliably moved goods between the largest cities and productive hinterlands. As the railroads extended new branch lines across the countryside and through cities, distillers often relocated their works to rail-side sites.
The McKenna Family Distillery
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

Henry McKenna was shipping whiskey to markets across Kentucky and to a diverse customer base of individuals, retailers, and wholesalers in the South, Middle West, Great Plains, and mountain West by the 1870s, primarily by rail. His sons were active in company management by 1881, and they established a sales and shipping office in Louisville. Customers often specified their interest in “aged whiskey.” The McKennas developed a comprehensive marketing program that included sales to hotels and restaurants; they advertised in professional medical journals and in circulars displayed in railroad passenger cars. The distillery’s logo included two ancient Irish symbols: the Irish harp and the winged Maiden of Eire. Representatives displayed McKenna’s product at medical conventions and directed ads to the medicinal whiskey market. Patrons in dry states and counties used McKenna’s mail-order service extensively. The McKennas did not strive to operate a high-capacity industrial distillery but remained committed to supporting their local community.
Building James Stone’s Elkhorn Distillery
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

On the eve of the Civil War, Scott County farmer James M. Stone owned twenty-three enslaved people, farmed 137 acres of improved land along South Elkhorn Creek, and was one of the most prosperous farmers in the county. By 1867, his industrial distillery produced about thirty barrels of whiskey per week. He entered into a business partnership with James H. Shropshire, who assisted with management and provided some of the capital for expansion. Stone made extensive modifications to his works to comply with the new federal requirements imposed by the 1868 revenue law, including building a state-of-the-art stack-type warehouse of brick, with a metal roof and iron window shutters. Cooper Adam Michaels made barrels for Elkhorn and other distilleries. Elkhorn’s transport connections for grain, construction materials, fuel, and whiskey were unimproved roads and a track-side depot on the railroad some two and a half miles distant. Logistics proved to be problematic for the duration of Elkhorn’s operations. Elkhorn consumed more grain than was produced locally and required shipments from Outer Bluegrass counties; barley malt came from Canada, and hops arrived from brokers in Lexington and Cincinnati. Most grain was shipped in sacks. New mechanical equipment often proved unreliable or unsuited for its application, necessitating ad hoc repairs. The distillery operation included a large pen where hogs were fed slop.
Naming and Branding
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

Distilling’s nineteenth-century heritage is being pursued and reclaimed by contemporary distillers—in part for historical interest, and in part for marketing purposes—including reviving historical brand names and distillery sites. Branding a product begins by naming it. Literal branding was practiced by early-nineteenth-century distillers, who burned the product’s name and place of origin into barrels. When distillers sold their works, they often sold the name with it. The Federal Trademark Act of 1870 introduced legal requirements for establishing and protecting product names. Brand infringement was often contested by legal actions. Labeling became important with the availability of mass-produced glass bottles, and label design, color, and image choices reflected Victorian tastes and priorities. Distillers had long held heritage and tradition to be important to their identity and product marketing. Distillers venerated the “old” in brand names and advertising. The distillers’ landscape is also part of the industry’s heritage, a part of their brands. Kentucky distilleries have organized history-centered landscapes that serve as tourist attractions on the Bourbon Trail.
Epilogue
Authors: Raitz Karl
Published: September 2020

A historical ecology perspective permits an understanding and appreciation of the breadth of influences brought to bear on human events in time and place. Kentucky’s nineteenth-century distilling industry converted from traditional craft work to mechanized industrial production in a very complex process that blended environmental context with Old World knowledge, invention and innovation, associations with complementary industries, and conjunctions with a range of other economic, political, and social processes. Such linkages improved productivity but also introduced chains of contingencies and risk. The telling of this story and the underwriting of its authenticity are supported by archives that record how people of differing backgrounds and experiences, be they innovators or managers or laborers, enslaved or free, contributed to the industry’s development. Much of their work and many of their personal experiences are anonymous, but they are collectively represented in documents, narratives, and landscape.
Introduction
Authors: NeCamp Samantha
Published: September 2020

The introduction details the ways in which Appalachia has come to represent heart of “Trump Country.” It argues that these representations trade on a long history of stereotypes and assumptions about the region. In particular, the introduction describes how Appalachia is represented as illiterate, unschooled, and textless, a representation that dates from the 1880s and served the needs of both the extract industries and northern missionaries bent on “improving” the region. The introduction outlines the key theoretical frames for the remainder of the book, including Deborah Brandt’s theory of literacy sponsorship and Benedict Anderson’s notion of imagined communities.
Recovering Literacy
Authors: NeCamp Samantha
Published: September 2020

This chapter describes the archival project of the book and the methodology employed. It explains how the study defines literacy, how the newspapers it used were selected, and in what ways its findings can be seen as representative of the region as a whole. The chapter also provides a brief overview of each newspaper surveyed in the study.
Writing a Community
Authors: NeCamp Samantha
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines community writing, the most direct evidence in the newspapers of community literacy practices. Because each paper relied on local correspondents to write in with news from far-flung communities, the correspondent columns offer a glimpse into what local writers viewed as particularly important events. In these reports, there is ample representation of literacy practices, and the attention with which these are reported illustrates the value placed on literacy in these communities. The chapter also considers how the correspondents interacted with one another and with the editor. The editors served as recruiters and enablers of literacy, to use Deborah Brandt’s terms, but also as suppressors who ultimately exercised control over what correspondents could say in print.
Conclusion
Authors: NeCamp Samantha
Published: September 2020

The conclusion examines present-day perceptions of Appalachia to illustrate the ongoing harm caused by the persistence of stereotypes regarding Appalachians’ literacy practices. It argues that, by reframing Appalachian history, we can begin to see that, while the current circumstances in the region are indeed a product of history, they are not a product of the history presented in popular narratives about the region—narratives that attribute any negative development in Appalachia to the natural consequence of Appalachia’s supposed long-standing poverty and ignorance. Recovering Appalachia’s literacy history gives us a new lens through which to examine the region’s experiences, expectations, and potential futures.
Jointness and the Norwegian Campaign, 1940
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

The Norwegian campaign of 1940 was the first major confrontation between Germany and the Allies in World War II. Although both sides had been poised along the Western Front since September 1939, serious fighting did not break out there; instead, the belligerents first fought in the far north. Germany had sound strategic reasons for conquering Norway, but the Allies attacked them there simply because they did not wish to fight in France. Important lessons were learned in Norway, by both sides, regarding joint operations, unity of command, and airpower –specifically, the need for air superiority over naval forces.
American Military Culture and Its Influence on Strategy
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

This chapter reviews US military culture and how each service has a different tradition and ethos. These differences affect how soldiers, sailors, and airmen view war, and how they plan to fight. It is amazing how often the services disagree on fundamental concepts of military organization, doctrine, and the use of force. These deeply held differences of opinion were shaped by unique service cultures that have had a profound effect on American military strategy. The advent of “jointness” was an attempt to correct the short-sighted parochialism of previous generations and introduce a more holistic view of war.
Determining the Effects of the Allied Air Offensive
Authors: Meilinger Phillip S.
Published: September 2020

This essay deals with the massive report chartered by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1944 to measure the effects of strategic bombing on Germany and Japan—the US Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS). Ascertaining the effects of air strikes was critical, and airmen took steps to ensure that data would be amassed and analyzed to determine if the strategic bombing campaign was successful and worth the effort. USSBS was a massive effort employing over 1,500 personnel that conducted a detailed examination of the evidence both in Europe and the Pacific. Its unimpeachable findings and answers were fairly clear-cut, as detailed in the statistical findings published in over 300 reports. This essay closely examines the bulk of the surveys and reveals what they actually said.
Introduction
Authors: Fredette Allison Dorothy
Published: September 2020

Amanda Sterling was born on the western edge of the Ohio River in the early 1830s. Her small township of Pease, Ohio, lay across the river from the industrial city of Wheeling, Virginia, and her early life reflected the fluidity of this watery boundary between two states. By her late teens, she had worked as a hired girl in homes from Bridgeport and Martins Ferry, Ohio, to Wheeling....
No More, Together
Authors: Fredette Allison Dorothy
Published: September 2020

In the antebellum era, border southerners increasingly made use of contractualism in their divorce petitions. Contractualism, or the growing understanding that marriage was not a permanent, sacramental institution but a contractual one with rules, procedures, and escape clauses, allowed more men and women to file for divorce and to use a variety of causes to explain their decision. It was also a dangerous ideal in a society in which so many residents found themselves permanently bound to masters with no legal recourse or escape. Nonetheless, in Kentucky, western Virginia, and Appalachian Virginia, unhappy spouses found an outlet in the local courts and through their use, or manipulation, of legal statutes.
To Honor and Obey
Authors: Fredette Allison Dorothy
Published: September 2020

In the antebellum era, eastern Virginians embraced a definitive and harsh understanding of divorce and its role in society. There, few filed for divorce, most likely knowing that local courts would be unsympathetic even if they dared risk social disapproval. Those who did choose this path shaped their narratives to meet the community’s understanding of gender and marriage. Petitioners framed themselves as long-suffering spouses forced to choose this most undesirable option. Their cases also reflected a greater acceptance of gender hierarchy in the home, especially through their expectation of wifely obedience.
Irreconcilable Differences
Authors: Fredette Allison Dorothy
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the devastating experience of the Civil War in the border South. The chapter opens with the secession crisis, which gave western Virginians their long-awaited opportunity to break away from their eastern neighbors. A close analysis of their debates and rhetoric in the secession convention, as well as in their later constitutional convention, reveals the impact of the border South’s particular form of manhood. Without their unique understanding of hierarchy, restraint, submission, and emotion, western Virginians may not have ventured down the path to statehood. This section demonstrates the importance of gendered ideals, forged within the walls of the household, to the political world. The second half of the chapter reveals how the brutal conflict in the border South reinforced the importance of domestic ties and a sense of mutuality within the home.
Stability in the Face of Great Distress
Authors: Fredette Allison Dorothy
Published: September 2020

This chapter addresses the impact of emancipation on white marriages in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia during the first eight years following the Civil War, arguing that black emancipation’s effect on white border gender roles was muted by the region’s hybrid culture and antebellum experiences. More specifically, postbellum Kentuckians’ and West Virginians’ rhetoric and motivations for separation remained consistent with their antebellum cases, reflecting a continued desire for mutuality and individualism in their relationships, while Virginians decried the breakdown of racial mastery, connected it with potential disruptions to their hierarchical households, and demanded obedience and loyalty from both former slaves and spouses.
Growing Roots
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

The chapter describes Jim Host’s early childhood through his high school years. He was born in Kane, Pennsylvania, on November 23, 1937, to Wilford and Beatrice Host. His early childhood included moves to small mountain towns in New York, Virginia, and West Virginia before his family settled in Ashland, Kentucky, when Jim was in junior high school. Host developed a deep love of baseball and became a successful pitcher for Ashland High School’s baseball team. After graduating from high school in 1955, he turned down a $25,000 signing bonus with the Detroit Tigers, opting instead to accept one of the first two baseball scholarships ever offered by the University of Kentucky.
In Search of a New Dream
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

This chapter describes Host’s return to Kentucky, where Garvice Kincaid recruited him to broadcast University of Kentucky football and basketball games alongside Walter “Dee” Huddleston for the Kentucky Central Radio Network. Host also served as a DJ on WVLK; in addition, he was required to sell radio advertising for the station. While on the road broadcasting, Host spent a good deal of time with Coach Adolph Rupp and other sports broadcasters, such as Cawood Ledford. After a couple of years on the radio, he accepted a sales position with Procter & Gamble in Chattanooga. He was quickly promoted to a larger market in Washington, DC, where he learned a great deal from mentor Mike Hostage. After a few years away, Host moved back to Lexington and got involved in multiple business ventures, including insurance, real estate, and home construction. Because of his various connections and civic activities, the Fayette County Republican Party recruited him to organize Senator John Sherman Cooper’s reelection campaign.
Business in the Bluegrass and Beyond
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

While working with the Lexington Tourist and Convention Commission, Jim Host began to network with individuals from the National Tour Brokers Association (NTBA). Eventually, he convinced the NTBA leadership (including Joe Casser and Arthur Tauck) to hire his company and allow him to serve as the organization’s executive director. In a short span of time, Host dramatically increased the NTBA’s membership and revenue. He then won the exclusive radio rights for the University of Kentucky’s basketball and football broadcasts. Host traversed the state, signing affiliate stations for the UK Radio Network. Within a few years, he had created the largest college sports radio network in the country, which included power stations WHAS and WCKY. Cawood Ledford was the voice of the network. While traveling with UK’s basketball team, Host learned that the NCAA outsourced its radio broadcasts for the Division I men’s basketball tournament. Host made an offer to Tom Jernstedt and Dave Cawood of the NCAA to take over the radio broadcasts, and NCAA executive director Walter Byers gave his approval. Host then started building the NCAA Radio Network.
The Solid South
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

When Harvey Schiller was SEC commissioner in the 1980s, Host convinced him and the SEC athletic directors to adopt a corporate sponsorship program. This generated greater revenue to support the athletics programs at member institutions. When Roy Kramer became the new SEC commissioner, he immediately took steps to expand the conference. After football coach Bobby Bowden vetoed Florida State’s invitation to the SEC, Arkansas and South Carolina joined the conference. At the same time, Host was involved with a possible deal that would move UK to the Atlantic Coast Conference. As the SEC expanded, Host Communications did too, signing both the University of Tennessee and Alabama. Host acquired the rights to Auburn as well, but a disagreement with football coach Terry Bowden ended that partnership. Host also helped broker a deal to bring Jackie Sherrill to Mississippi State. All told, the SEC was vital to HCI’s success.
Surviving an Era of Crisis
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

As television eclipsed radio, Host wanted to move his company forward, so HCI merged with Bray Cary’s company Creative Sports Marketing, forming Host Creative. After one year, however, it appeared that Cary was trying to bankrupt Host and control the entire company. Host fought back and eventually saved his company by divesting of all the holdings Creative Sports originally brought to the merger. Host then worked with Chuck Jarvie to find an equity partner, and they made a deal with GE Capital, which bought an interest in HCI and helped build it. After HCI’s successful expansion, J. Mack Robinson and Bob Prather, who ran Gray Communications and Bull Run, bought GE Capital’s interest in HCI. With this new revenue, HCI continued to expand. After an unsuccessful acquisition deal with Tom Hicks, Bull Run bought HCI, a merger that also involved Universal Sports America and Streetball Partners. Host and his company had survived the crisis.
My Last Great Pitch for the NCAA
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

After successfully implementing the concept with individual universities, Host approached NCAA president Ced Dempsey about a “bundled rights” package for all NCAA media rights and marketing. Host met with CBS executive Sean McManus and offered more than $5 billion for an eleven-year NCAA tournament deal. Host would publish the print programs for the tournament, operate the radio network, and sell corporate sponsorships. A long saga ensued. The NCAA originally balked at the proposal, and then CBS decided to shut Host out of the deal in favor of International Sport and Leisure (ISL). Even so, Host agreed to give up the remaining contractual rights for the NCAA basketball tournament. When CBS’s deal with ISL fell through, Host brokered a new contract with the network. Host’s team then worked closely with Coca-Cola executives (including Don Keough, Chuck Fruit, Scott McCune, and Steve Heyer) to create a record-setting sponsorship. When completed, the $500 million deal made Coca-Cola the NCAA’s first “corporate champion” and set a new standard for college sports marketing.
A Time of Transition
Authors: Host Jim , Moyen Eric A.
Published: September 2020

After Coca-Cola’s NCAA sponsorship, CBS ended its contract with HCI. Bull Run brought in Gordon Whitener as Host’s replacement, and Host resigned as CEO in 2003. No longer involved in operating the company he had founded, Host agreed to serve as Kentucky’s secretary of commerce in Governor Ernie Fletcher’s cabinet. In that role, Host promoted business development in the commonwealth and enhanced Kentucky’s branding with the new slogan “Unbridled Spirit” and a new logo. Host created the Kentucky Sports Authority to bring athletic events to the Bluegrass, and he was intimately involved in two of its key projects: building a new arena in Louisville, and bringing the World Equestrian Games to Kentucky. Host convinced Pearse Lyons to pay $10 million to make his company, Alltech, the title sponsor of the World Equestrian Games. Host lobbied the legislature to fund needed improvements to the Kentucky Horse Park and worked closely with the International Equestrian Federation (FEI) and its president, Princess Haya Bint al-Hussein of Jordan, on logistics. The 2010 games were a resounding success.
Violence and the Exception of Christian Revelation
Authors: Gonzales Philip J. P. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

If violence is not the exception but the nomos under which we live, how can one gain a view of violence from outside the regime of violence and the history of its effects? This essay argues that the only way to confront the regime of violence’s history is to have recourse to a Judeo-Christian understanding of revelation and its exceptional non-violent message. A Christocentric philosophy of history, of broadly Augustinian contours, is presented which seeks to confront the nomos of violence with the Logos of peace. The enactment of this Christocentric perspective will be accomplished via a confrontation between René Girard and Giorgio Agamben read in view of their respective engagements with the thought of Benedict XVI.
Dateringer
Authors: Elbek Jørgen
Published: September 2020

Datings. By Jørgen Elbek. On the basis of a table of contents (compiled by N. F. S. Grundtvig) which is found among the manuscripts of the “Collection of Hymns for the Danish Church,” the author of the dissertation can with certainty date to the year 1836 14 of the hymns in the table mentioned. Eleven of these hymns have formerly been dated to 1837, one to 1837-39, and two to 1853! Besides, the study proves that from the very start Grundtvig carefully chose the sequence of the hymns in the “ Collection of Hymns.”
Krone på baar'
Authors: Skautrup Peter
Published: September 2020

The crown on a barBy Peter Skautrup
Et af Grundtvig på tysk skrevet tilbageblik på sig selv fra vinteren 1813-1814
Authors: Johansen Steen
Published: September 2020

A survey of his past life written by Grundtvig in German and dating from the winter of 1813-14. With an introduction and notes. By Steen Johansen. In January, 1812, German theologians had an opportunity of reading in the periodical “ Theologische Annalen” an article containing information about the young Dane N. F. S. Grundtvig and his fight for a kind of Christianity different from the old rationalistic type. The article first came to Grundtvig’s notice in the winter 1813-14, and he then immediately wrote in German the rough draft of an answer. His draft (which never became anything more) is reproduced here (p. 74 ff.) . Grundtvig begins by justifying certain statements about himself in the German article, but his draft soon grew to be a survey of his own life on a large scale, an account of his conception of Christianity and his plans for the immediate future. He admits that he himself was for a time a rationalist, then that Schiller and Fichte awakened him to a critical consideration of the form of Christianity wrhich then prevailed. After this followed three years during which Grundtvig lived chiefly with the ancient North and its gods and heroes. However, the study of history led him to rethink his position once again, and he realised that his task was to speak to the present generation, not to dream of reviving the past. Grundtvig then describes his spiritual crisis in 1810-11, which gave him the desire to become a clergyman, and he now found the truth in Biblical Christianity. As regards a renewal of the hymn-singing of the Danish Church, Grundtvig for a time thought only of wakening older hymn-writers up from oblivion. In conclusion he declares that he would be glad to see a new Luther arise in Denmark (in the German article he had been called Denmark’s new Luther), but adds that we must not pass our time in waiting for a new Luther, but must ourselves work and fight for the honour of the Crusified One.
Sjællandske træk i Grundtvigs sprog og digtning
Authors: Bredsdorff Morten
Published: September 2020

Sealand characteristics in Grundtvig3s language and poetry. By Morten Bredsdorff. Grundtvig was born at Udby, a small village in the southern part of the island Sealand (Sjælland). His poems, hymns and educational ideas have had, as is well known, an immense influence on the whole cultural life of Denmark, and far beyond the borders of this country. None the less he was so deeply rooted in the rural surroundings of his early childhood, that these impressions may be traced all through his elaborate work, crowded as it is with reminiscences of the Sealand dialect, with rural and bucolic metaphors and a certain loquacious use of typical Sealand proverbs and gnomic obsoletes. Although Grundtvig through his education in various parts of his country and his long life in Copenhagen learned to be at home nearly everywhere in Denmark, he was so intimately attached to his native soil in and around Udby, that over and over again he had to revisit this idyllic place. Even as a famous poet and historian he confesses that he can only feel truly at home in southern Sealand. Through quotations from Grundtvig’s poetry and prose it is shown how farreaching and fertile were the impressions and experiences of his early childhood and its immediate surroundings. (The summary translated by the author).
Otto Holmgaard: Peter Christian Kierkegaard, Grundtvigs lærling
Authors: Høirup Henning
Published: September 2020

Otto Holmgaard: Peter Christian Kierkegaard, Grundtvig's apprenticeBy Henning Høirup
Erik Heinemeier: Grundtvigs menneskesyn
Authors: Engberg Poul
Published: September 2020

Erik Heinemeier: Grundtvig's view of human natureBy Poul Engberg
Poul Eller: N. F. S. Grundtvig-portrætter
Authors: Albeck Gustav
Published: September 2020

Poul Eller: N. F. S. Grundtvig portraitsBy Gustav Albeck
Optegnelser af Mina Grundtvig den 4. august 1856
Authors: Toldberg Helge
Published: September 2020

Mina Grundtvig’s jottings, 4/8 1856. We have here the text of an account written on 4/8 1856 by Grundtvig’s daughter-in-law Mina (daughter of his friend Prof. Stenersen and wife of his eldest son Johan) of a conversation which she had with Grundtvig a month earlier, based on brief notes which she took at the time. It has been presented to the Grundtvig Society by Grundtvig’s grandson, Vilhelm Grundtvig, former Librarian of Statsbiblioteket at Aarhus, and edited with explanatory notes by Steen Johansen, M. A. At the time of the conversation, Grundtvig was passing through a period of depression after the death of his second wife, and both he and those around him thought that his end was near. This may have been the reason for Mina’s asking him to tell her the story of his life. Her jottings give us an account of his career in the Church from the time of his ordination until his appointment to Vartov. There are some minor errors with regard to dates, etc., which are pointed out in the explanatory notes; but about some incidents the jottings give us fuller information than is available elsewhere. For instance, they give a detailed account of the audience with the King at which Grundtvig expressed his wish to go to England to study Anglo-Saxon and the King promised to help him. At first the King reproved him severely for not keeping the peace with the other clergy, but when Grundtvig asked, “ But is your Majesty sure that it is I who cannot keep the peace?” he answered, “ No, no — that is true” , and changed the subject. We are also given fresh details of the interview with Bishop Mynster on New Year’s Eve, 1838, when Grundtvig asked for permission to confirm his sons, and Mynster harshly answered, “ Do you think we can give every giddy curate leave to confirm?” We are told of Grundtvigs depression as he returned from the interview through the King’s Garden in the clear starlit night, but not of the sudden change to a more hopeful mood which expressed itself in his beautiful poem “ New Year’s Eve” .
Werner G. Görnandt
Authors: Høirup Henning
Published: September 2020

Werner G. Görnandt in memoryBy Henning Høirup
Om at tilskrive sig Troens rare klenodie
Authors: Egebak Niels
Published: September 2020

On writing in order to obtain the Rare Jewel of FaithBy Niels EgebakThis ‘reading5 of one of Grundtvig5s most well known and best loved hymns, ‘Hil dig Frelser og Forsoner5 is an example of a technique of interpretation that looks upon Grundtvig5s original text from ‘Sangværk til den danske Kirke5 ( 1837) as a text ‘here and now5, as if it were ‘printed in this year5, and as an integrated part of the corpus of texts that forms part of our total surroundings. By way of introduction the concept of tradition laid down by T. S. Eliot is referred to. In ‘Tradition and the Individual Talent he claims that with each new work the total tradition should be modified if, instead of perishing, it is to incorporate the new additions.It is pointed out that the present version of the official hymn book has left out st. 2- 4, which gives rise to the suspicion that the abbreviation may be due to ideological considerations. Further, that the first half of the text is closer to the latin original than st. 7- 12, and an attempt is made to demonstrate that Grundtvig5s text emphasises the subjective rather than the objective aspect, and that this may be connected with he function of obtaining atonement that the text seems to have. The way to faith, or to a retrieval of faith, goes through a confrontation with the Passion, which is not to be understood, but to be accepted as the cause of redemption. In the original text this confrontation is of a completely personal nature; it is undertaken by the poet5s ‘I5, and this I places itself in a position of opposition to the world and other people. The recognition of the opposition between Christ's mysterious, self-sacrificing love and the poet's own scruples makes him pray the crucified Christ to help him back to the straight way; this transforms his belief in Christ5s presence to him into certainty, and he is inspired with confidence that, in due course, Christ will take him by the hand and lead him to Paradise.—In other words, the text deals with its own process of creation. Or rather: it is writing in order to obtain ‘The rare Jewel of Faith5 (Brorson); but is this not what all authentic hymn writing is?
Grundtvig-litteratur 1969-1970
Authors: Højer-Pedersen Karen
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig literature 1969-1970 . A bibliographical overviewBy Karen Højer-Pedersen
Grundtvig and Germany
Authors: Harbsmeier Götz
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig og TysklandAf Götz Harbsmeier
Grundtvig til undervisningsbrug
Authors: Michelsen William
Published: September 2020

Grundtvig for teaching purposes.N. F. S. Grundtvig: Tre Danne-Virke-artikler. Aarhus 1972. Studieserien, published by the Danish Teachers’ Association: Grundtvig og det folkelige (by Marianne Ju h l Christiansen and Lise Ettrup), Organisme tanken (by Aage Henriksen) and Tværsnit 1870 (by Peter Søby Kristensen). Copenhagen 1972 and 1973. Reviewed by W illiam Michelsen. These booklets show that it is not only Grundtvig’s best-known hymns and poems which are used for teaching purposes, but also the prose he wrote as a critic and a speaker. In the booklet about Grundtvig and the people, there is furthermore a definition of the idea of »det folkelige« (what pertains to the people), which accords with Grundtvig’s own ideas and which is supported by the texts that follow, which also include his imitators and critics.There is no doubt at all that Grundtvig regarded the people - the individual nation - as a living organism developing in a comparable manner to the individual human being. In this respect he was a romantic and can - in a way – be counted among the thinkers who suscribed to the »organism idea«, as Aage Henriksen expresses it. But when this idea is traced back to Spinoza and carried forward to Hegel, Marx and Freud, one must nevertheless protest against Grundtvig - along with Henrich Steffens and Paul Diderichsen - being the only Danish representative, from whose works a passage is quoted (from October 1810 – see Grundtvig-Studier 1956). He was in reality (from December 1810) an opponent of the whole of this school of thought, apart from in his acceptance of the idea of the people as an organism.
Magnus Stevns
Authors: Riisager Vagn
Published: September 2020

Magnus Stevns: In Memoriam. By Vagn Riisager. Magnus Stevns, the student of Grundtvig, who died on March 30, 1949, was born in 1900 and was the son of the Headmaster of Kvissel High-School. As a young man he worked in agriculture and, at intervals, was a pupil at Askov and Støvring High-Schools; afterwards he took the University entrance examination and studied at Copenhagen University, where he was especially influenced by Valdemar Vedel. He took his M. A. Degree in the History of Literature in 1930, and in 1934 became cand. mag.; after this he was a much-valued teacher at the Danish Teachers’ Training College. Stevns was always a good disciple of the spirit of the Danish Folk High-School ; most of his written works deal with folk-songs and Grundtvig’s hymns; his essays, though based on conscientious research on special subjects, are always related to a central idea. In particular, his accounts of Grundtvig’s spiritual characteristics, theology and hymn-writing are of such importance that a collected edition of them ought to be published.
Grundtvigs embednedlæggelse 1826. En studie af H.J.H. Glædemark
Authors: Johansen Steen
Published: September 2020

Glædemark: Grundtvig's Resignation from the Ministry in 1826. Reviewed by Steen Johansen. The historian H. J. H. Glædemark (now dead) has investigated from the standpoint of historical criticism the causes for Grundtvig’s unexpected resignation from the ministry in Copenhagen in May, 1826. All existing documents, letters, etc., are reproduced and analysed, and the author shows how difficult it is to get to the bottom of the matter, in spite of the abundant source material available. The greatest difficulty, however, lies in the understanding of Grundtvig’s character and plan of life, and here the author seems to fail to some extent, while also his knowledge of Grundtvig’s writings, especially of the information which Grundtvig himself gives about his resignation, leaves something to be desired. These faults give his investigations a somewhat one-sided character, though not diminishing the great usefulness of his researches.