bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le vécu émotionnel des étudiants en médecine dans leurs premières expériences en stage : une modélisation
Authors: MARSEILLE J , CUNIN M , BAYEN S
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Le vécu émotionnel des étudiants en médecine en stage est mal connu. Pourtant, son influence sur les compétences professionnelles est certaine. L’objectif était d’explorer le vécu émotionnel des étudiants en médecine durant leurs premiers stages et leur perception de sa prise en compte par leurs encadrants. Méthode. Étude qualitative réalisée auprès de 12 étudiants en deuxième et troisième années de médecine à Lille, entre 2016 et 2019. Des entretiens compréhensifs ont été conduits pour une durée totale de 17 heures. Une analyse selon une approche par théorisation ancrée a été menée jusqu’à suffisance des données. Résultats. Le vécu émotionnel en stage était riche et intense. Il était rarement pris en compte et ne trouvait pas sa place attendue dans le développement des compétences professionnelles. L’encadrement organisé était déficient. Une formation informelle existait, à l’occasion de la rencontre entre un étudiant volontaire et un enseignant zélé. La possibilité de vivre des émotions fortes dans un cadre protecteur, puis de les mettre à l’épreuve dans un cadre autonomisant, était plébiscitée. Des échanges précoces sur les expériences vécues en stage étaient attendus, que ce soit sur le plan scientifique ou affectif. Une modélisation du vécu émotionnel des informateurs a été réalisée. Conclusion. Les étudiants demandaient qu’on les incite à la rencontre avec les patients, puis qu’on les écoute à ce propos. Les pistes d’interventions retenues sont : la prévention des traumatismes et le dépistage du mal-être en milieu professionnel ; l’enseignement de valeurs humanistes ; l’apport d’expérience et de réflexivité via de nouveaux outils pédagogiques (cinéma, théâtre, littérature, écriture) et d’autres faisant appel à la rencontre et aux échanges (groupes d’échanges, compagnonnage, engagement solidaire, stages immersifs et tutorés) ; la formation des formateurs.
Prescriptions médicamenteuses potentiellement inappropriées associées à la morbimortalité chez les personnes âgées polymédiquées suivies en médecine générale
Authors: GIMENEZ L , DIDELOT A
Published: October 2022

D’après une communication de Sophie Vallot (Créteil) Contexte La population française vieillit avec 19 % des individus de plus de 65 ans en 2017 et 27 % estimés en 20501. Chez ces personnes âgées, la polymédication était évaluée à 3,6 médicaments par personne1. La polymédication pouvait avoir plusieurs effets : effets secondaires, interactions entre médicaments et/ou interactions entre médicament(s) et maladie(s). La prescription médicamenteuse potentiellement inappropriée (PMPI) est une des causes de la polymédication et comprend les surprescriptions (overuse), les prescriptions inadaptées (misuse) et les sous-prescriptions (underuse). L’étude Polychrome de 2010 a analysé 105 ordonnances de patients polypathologiques et a retrouvé 351 interactions liées au système cardiovasculaire et au système neurologique (notamment avec les antalgiques de niveau 2 et les psychotropes)2. Différents outils existent pour identifier les PMPI, comme les critères de Beers, la liste de Laroche ou les critères STOPP/START3. Ces derniers permettent d’identifier les trois types de PMPI.
Efficacité antalgique d’une prise orale de paracétamol chez l’adulte en soins primaires pour traiter la douleur aiguë
Authors: GOUGAIN M , COQUELLE E , MOREAU A , BOUSSAGEON R , PICKERING G , FAUVEL J-P , GUEYFFIER F
Published: October 2022

Contexte. Le paracétamol est le médicament le plus vendu en France, alors que son mécanisme d’action antalgique est encore imparfaitement compris et que son effet antalgique a été peu étudié en soins primaires. Objectif. Quantifier, en soins primaires, l’effet du paracétamol chez l’adulte sur la douleur aiguë, et mesurer l’influence de la dose administrée et du contexte clinique sur cet effet. Méthodes. Revue systématique de la littérature incluant une méta-analyse. Les bases Central, Embase et Medline ont été interrogées en novembre 2016. Tous les essais cliniques randomisés (ECR) en groupes parallèles et double aveugle, évaluant l’effet d’une prise orale de paracétamol contre placebo sur la douleur aiguë dans les six heures suivant la prise, ont été inclus. Compte tenu de la diversité des résultats rapportés dans les ECR, douze critères ont été évalués dans la méta-analyse. Résultats. Vingt et un ECR ont été inclus dans cette revue, dont 19 dans la méta-analyse, totalisant 4 359 patients. Leur qualité méthodologique a fréquemment été évaluée comme « incertaine », par manque d’informations disponibles dans les rapports d’études. Deux contextes cliniques de soins primaires ont pu être évalués : les céphalées (migraines et céphalées de tension) et les infections des voies aériennes supérieures. Le paracétamol était significativement plus efficace que le placebo pour tous les critères de jugement, mais l’hétérogénéité entre études était forte (I2 > 50 %). Les analyses en sous-groupes n’ont pas identifié d’effet-dose ni d’influence du contexte sur l’efficacité du paracétamol. Des facteurs influençant l’effet placebo pourraient être à l’origine de l’hétérogénéité d’effet observée. Conclusion. S’il existe des preuves d’efficacité antalgique du paracétamol en soins primaires, la faible qualité méthodologique et l’absence de standardisation des critères de jugement des ECR gênent l’interprétation des résultats. La standardisation des ECR sur la douleur et une meilleure compréhension des facteurs influençant l’effet placebo semblent nécessaires.
Hydroxychloroquine et azithromycine pour traiter le Covid-19
Authors: BOUSSAGEON R , POUCHAIN D , LE ROUX G
Published: October 2022

Publication originale de Gautret P, Lagier JC, Raoult D, et al. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949 (accès libre). L’hydroxychloroquine (Plaquénil®) a une indication dans le « traitement des maladies articulaires d’origine inflammatoire, telles que la polyarthrite rhumatoïde, ou d’autres maladies telles que le lupus ou en prévention des lucites »1. La pandémie de coronavirus (Covid-19) liée au virus SARS-CoV2 (syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère Corona virus 2) soulève des questions scientifiques, médicales, et sociales fortement amplifiées par les médias. Compte tenu de l’incidence cumulée exponentielle de ses formes graves, un traitement efficace est impatiemment attendu par les soignants et la population. Aucune thérapeutique n’est validée dans cette maladie, quel qu’en soit le stade...
Covid-19 : y a-t-il une place pour l’hydroxychloroquine en médecine générale ?
Authors:   Conseil Scientifique du CNGE
Published: October 2022

La pandémie de Covid-19 soulève des questions scientifiques, médicales et sociales fortement accentuées par les médias. Compte tenu de l’incidence cumulée de certaines formes graves de cette maladie, un traitement efficace est impatiemment attendu par la communauté des soignants comme par la population. Aujourd’hui, aucune thérapeutique spécifique n’est validée pour traiter cette infection, quel qu’en soit le stade. Récemment, une étude française a été prépubliée dans une revue internationale1. Cette étude, monocentrique non randomisée, en ouvert, a comparé un groupe traité par l’hydroxychloroquine (Plaquénil®) et un groupe témoin (ayant refusé le traitement). Ses résultats suggèrent que ce principe actif augmente significativement...
Exploration des difficultés liées au travail de thèse en médecine générale et proposition d’aides pédagogiques
Authors: PAUTRAT M , VIGNAS E , ETTORI-AJASSE I , LEBEAU J-P
Published: October 2022

Introduction : La réforme du Diplôme d’Etudes Spécialisées (DES) de 2017 impose un sujet de thèse fixé avant la fin du DES et dans le champ de la discipline. Ces nouvelles contraintes nécessitent la mise en place de nouvelles solutions d’enseignement spécifiques. L’objectif était d’expliciter les difficultés ren-contrées par les Internes de Médecine Générale (IMG) dans leur travail de thèse, afin de proposer des offres pédagogiques adaptées. Méthode : Etude qualitative menée à partir de focus group (FG) d’IMG en région Centre Val de Loire, en 2018. Une analyse inductive inspirée de la théorisation ancrée a été choisie pour obtenir une conceptuali-sation des données. Résultats : 5 FG ont été réalisés, 23 IMG ont participé. Les internes regrettaient que les séminaires d’aide au travail de thèse ne se déroulaient pas au moment où ils décidaient de se lancer : « quand j’ai eu les séminaires j’ai compris le concept mais j’étais pas encore prête à en faire quelque chose d’utile quoi ». Ils souhaitaient être aidés au fur et à mesure de leur travail, « avec un roulement d’enseignants pour ac-cueillir les étudiants ce jour-là ». Les internes sollicitaient les enseignants « mais c’est intimidant », et demandaient des temps d’échanges entre eux, « pour se motiver, un peu comme à la salle de sport ! ». Une ambivalence était partagée par les IMG, désirant « vouloir faire un truc qui me plaisait » tout en sou-haitant « qu’on me mette sur des rails ! ». D’autres notions connues comme l’idéalisation du directeur de thèse ou la procrastination des internes ont été retrouvées. Discussion : Cette étude a permis de conceptualiser le cheminement réflexif des IMG au cours du travail de thèse. Suite à ce travail, le DUMG de Tours a repensé les aides à la thèse proposées : le thèse-dating qui permet de prendre rendez-vous avec un enseignant pour une aide ponctuelle, des ateliers thèses pour approfondir une difficulté sur la méthode et des cercles des thésards pour échanger entre IMG.
Modèles explicatifs des patients souffrant de Lyme chronique
Authors: CHAMOUX A , PLOTTON C , GOCKO X
Published: October 2022

Contexte : L’existence du « Lyme chronique » est l’objet de controverses scientifiques depuis plus de 10 ans. Dans le cas du Lyme chronique, la maladie du malade-illness diffère de la maladie du médecin-disease. Un modèle explicatif sous-tend illness et disease. Il regroupe « l’étiologie, le moment et le mode d’apparition des symptômes, la physiopathologie, l’évolution du trouble et le traitement ». Les différences de modèles explicatifs compliquent les soins. Objectif : Recueillir les modèles explicatifs de patients pensant souffrir de maladie de Lyme chronique et des « Lyme doctors » afin de faciliter la mise en place de réseaux sémantiques support du soin. Méthode : Étude qualitative par entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de patients présentant des symptômes persistants après une borréliose de Lyme avec un guide d’entretien fondé sur la médecine narrative. Les entretiens ouverts pour les « Lymes doctors » ont recherché les interactions entre leurs modèles explicatifs et ceux des patients. Résultats : Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) est perçue comme une bactérie intelligente, véritable poison, capable de se cacher et de s’enkyster. Le phénomène d’attribution exogène est autonome et souvent en conflit avec les médecins. Des études de faible niveau de preuve ont recherché la persistance de Bb après un traitement antibiotique conforme aux recommandations. La persistance de traces de la bactérie n’est pas le témoin de l’infection. Conclusion : Établir des ponts entre les modèles explicatifs des patients et des médecins demande de réfuter les théories sans fondement scientifique et de reconnaître la souffrance.
Collaboration interprofessionnelle et maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle
Authors: BLANCHARD A , FIQUET L , LE GALL V , MAURY A , ALLORY E
Published: October 2022

L’éducation thérapeutique du patient accompagne les patients dans la gestion de leur pathologie chronique. Développée au sein de maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles sous forme de programme collectif, l’éducation thérapeutique nécessite une forte collaboration interprofessionnelle. L’objectif principal était d’explorer les représentations des patients sur la collaboration interprofessionnelle développée dans le cadre d’un programme collectif d’éducation thérapeutique du patient d’une maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle. Des entretiens individuels ont été menés auprès de participants au programme entre février et juillet 2018. Une analyse par théorisation ancrée a été menée. Douze entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés auprès de seize participants (quatre personnes accompagnées d’aidants). Les patients reconnaissaient une équipe pluriprofessionnelle, collaborante et complémentaire, dont l’attitude était valorisée et perçue comme moderne. Face à une équipe dont la facilité de communication était soulignée, la confiance des participants dans les professionnels de santé était alors majorée et la relation redéfinie vers plus de proximité. Le caractère pluriprofessionnel de la formation influençait positivement leur vision d’équipe de soins primaires, leur sentiment d’accessibilité de cette équipe et de sécurité des soins. L’expression d’une collaboration interprofessionnelle au travers d’un programme d’éducation thérapeutique modifie le regard des patients sur leur système de santé local, leur permettant une meilleure identification de l’équipe, une communication accentuée avec elle et une autonomie développée dans leur parcours de santé.
Repérage des troubles du spectre autistique au sein des troubles neurodéveloppementaux
Authors: ECOFFET F , GOCKO X , CHARLES R , PLOTTON C
Published: October 2022

Introduction. En 2018, 700 000 personnes étaient atteintes d’autisme en France. Depuis 2005, l’état français a élaboré 4 plans concernant les troubles du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) pour améliorer sa prise en charge. La Haute Autorité de santé a publié en 2018 un guide de recommandations sur le repérage et le diagnostic des TSA. En 2019, des plateformes de coordination ont été créées pour les enfants de 0 à 6 ans présentant des troubles neuro développementaux (TND). En 2020, la Haute Autorité de santé a actualisé ses recommandations autour du repérage des TND. Depuis 2017, les médecins généralistes peuvent être les médecins traitants des enfants de moins 16 ans. Ils sont donc les acteurs du repérage des TND dont les TSA. L’objectif de ce travail était de réaliser une synthèse des données aidant au repérage et à la prise en charge des TSA au sein des TND à destination des médecins généralistes. Méthode. Revue narrative de la littérature. Résultats. Un repérage précoce est proposé devant toute inquiétude parentale concernant le développement de l’enfant, en particulier la communication sociale, le langage. Le repérage s’effectue au fil des consultations et une consultation dédiée avec une cotation spécifique peut être réalisée. Il existe un formulaire d’adressage pour les plateformes de coordination et d’orientation facilitant l’adressage. Conclusion. Ce travail est une transposition didactique de recommandations paraissant denses et techniques au premier regard.
Implication pédagogique de patients experts pour améliorer l’approche centrée sur le patient des internes en médecine générale
Authors: KONG T , GILLES DE LA LONDE J , ELOY P , CLAUDON M , BUNGE L
Published: October 2022

Contexte : Un auto-questionnaire de mesure de l’approche centrée patient (ACP), intitulé Patient Perception of Patient Centeredness (PPPC), a été développé par Stewart et al. en anglais et a été traduit en français. Trois des quatre composantes de l’ACP, décrites par Stewart (2014) y sont représentées : la composante 1 « explorer l’expé-rience de la maladie », la composante 2 « comprendre la personne dans sa globalité biopsychosociale » et la compo-sante 3 « trouver un point d’entente commun ». Dorénavant, les patients sont reconnus pour leurs savoirs expérien-tiels et certains deviennent des patients experts (PE), qui interviennent dans l’enseignement auprès de soignants et/ou dans les milieux de soins auprès de patients. Objectif : L’objectif était d’évaluer si l’intégration de PE dans un enseignement à la relation médecin malade (RMM) améliorait l’ACP des internes en médecine générale (IMG). Méthodes : Dans cette étude prospective, interventionnelle qui s’est déroulée en octobre 2017, les internes devant assister à l’enseignement RMM ont été répartis aléatoirement entre les groupes intervention (avec PE) et contrôle (sans PE). Après l’enseignement, les internes participaient à une consultation simulée en jouant le médecin. Un pa-tient standardisé jouait le patient et remplissait la version française du questionnaire PPPC. Résultats : 58 internes ont participé à l’enseignement RMM et 45 à la consultation simulée. Il n’y avait pas de diffé-rence statistiquement significative entre les deux groupes pour le score global du questionnaire PPPC (p = 0,49), ni pour celui des composantes 1 (p = 0,25) et 3 (p = 0,59). Il n’y avait pas de calcul de score pour la composante 2. Conclusion : Notre étude n’a pas permis d’évaluer l’apport des PE sur l’amélioration de l’ACP. L’amélioration d’une compétence semble dépendre de plusieurs facteurs et non d’une intervention unique. Les PE peuvent apporter d’autres points pertinents autres que l’amélioration de l’ACP lors des enseignements.
ANALISIS PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP PERPUTARAN KARYAWAN DI PT. BANK MESTIKA DHARMA, TBK. ZAINUL ARIFIN MEDAN
Authors: Tanady Evania , Julitawaty Wily , Subiantoro Nur
Published: October 2022

Leadership style is the ability, strength, method, or method that is done by a leader to do something, take a decision, to build a good relationship between leader and employee. Leaders and employees can be integrated to create strategies to achieve company goals. The work environment is the location where tasks are completed, or where employees work in a company. The work environment can include the location, economic conditions, socio-cultural that may affect the company. Employee Turnover is a period when employees decide to quit their place of work or company and employee turnover does not always have a negative impact on the company. Employee turnover occurs when employees who stop working are employees who lack competence and ability to work at the company.The method used in this study is a survey approach, the type of research is quantitative descriptive and the nature of this research is explanatory research. The population in this study were all employees of PT. Bank Mestika Dharma, Tbk. Zainul Arifin Medan, amounting to 500 people with sampling using the Slovin formula were 222 people. Data collection method is done by distributing a list of statements, observations and study documentation. Variables are measured with a Likert scale. The model of data analysis used to answer hypotheses is multiple regression. The research results showed that the leadership style and work environment together had a positive influence on the employee turnover rate of PT. Bank Mestika Dharma, Tbk. Zainul Arifin Medan. Where the two variables affect the desire to work long-term employees, but in this study the two variables are not the main reason for employees to stop working. Partially, the work environment variable has a more dominant influence on the employee turnover of PT. Bank Mestika Dharma, Tbk. Zainul Arifin Medan instead of leadership style variables.Â Keywords : Leadership Style, Work Environment, Employee Turnover
Water Under The Bridge
Authors: Kite Larry ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: October 2022

What is the purpose of defending yourself in a fight? To what ends should you go to stop getting bullied? In this work of ethical fiction, a pre-teen Rusty is sent to the general store on his bike to buy alcohol for Walt, the local drunk, in exchange for ice-cream. While at the store Rusty is attacked by two older boys trying to steal his bike. He holds onto his bike, but is badly beaten in the exchange. Later that day, Rusty gets a metal pipe and tells his friend Gene to meet him that night. They meet and Rusty tells Gene his plan, to toss the pipe into the bushes, distract the boys who beat him up, and get in a quick punch before running away. Gene gets scared and leaves, just as Bill, one of the boys that beat him up, sees him. In a panic, Rusty swings the pipe, hitting Bill. Rusty goes into a rage and continues hitting Bill. The next day Bill is in the hospital, and the police are at Rusty’s doorstep with questions.
Cycles
Authors: Eckert Ava ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: October 2022

What causes some people to struggle to find love? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Monique is on an online date when Leo, her ongoing booty call, contacts her. She ends her date, finding out their mutual friend Jace, and her first love, recently died. Monique arrives at Leo’s place, they have unloving sex, and she leaves. Later, they see each other at Jace’s funeral and Leo’s would-be girlfriend asks Monique to back off. She refuses. The following day she goes for her annual mammogram only to find out she is pregnant with Leo’s baby. A few days later she miscarries, and goes right back to her life of wine, grading English papers, and online dating.
Population Ethics and Animal Farming
Authors: Bruers Stijn ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: October 2022

Is animal farming permissible when animals would have a positive welfare? The happy animal farming problem represent the paradigmatic problem in population ethics, because its simple structure introduces the most important complications of population ethics. Three new population ethical theories that avoid the counter-intuitive repugnant and sadistic conclusions are discussed and applied to the animal farming problem. Breeding farm animals would not be permissible according to these theories, except under some rather unrealistic conditions, such as those farm animals being so happy that they themselves would prefer a continuation of animal farming. Given the fact that many people believe that most farm animals are not so happy and the fact that one can formulate reasonable population ethical theories that condemn happy animal farming, it can be concluded that it is better to avoid animal farming and the consumption of animal products in general.
Defect Evolution in Y0.5Gd0.5Ba2Cu3O7-δ Layer by H Ion Irradiation
Authors: Dan Min  , 金凡亚  , Chen Lun-Jiang  , He Yan-Bin  , Wan Jun-Hao  , Zhang Hong  , Zhang Ke-Jia  , Yang Yin  , Jin Fan-Ya  ,   South western Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610207, China
Published: October 2022

In order to further improve the superconducting current carrying capacity of REBCO coated conductor under strong magnetic field, ion irradiation is used to generate the pinning center of introduced magnetic flux in the REBCO coated conductor. In this paper, the H-ion irradiation of REBCO second generation high temperature superconductor strip was carried out by using the 320kV high charge state ion synthesis research platform. DB-SPBA combined with Raman spectroscopy was used to measure the change of microstructure in YBCO samples irradiated by H+ions within the range of 5.0×1014~1.0×1016. The positron annihilation parameters in YBCO before and after irradiation were analyzed. It is found that after 100 keV H+ion irradiation, a large number of defects including vacancy, vacancy group or dislocation group are produced in the superconducting layer. The larger the irradiation dose, the more vacancy type defects are produced, the more complex the defect types are, and the annihilation mechanism of positrons in the defects changes. Raman spectroscopy results show that with the increase of H+ion irradiation dose, the oxygen atoms in the coating rearrange, the plane spacing increases, the orthogonal phase structure of the coating is destroyed, and the degree of order decreases. The defects produced by such ion irradiation lay a foundation for the introduction of flux pinning centers. Further research can be carried out in combination with X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, superconductivity and other testing methods to provide theoretical and practical reference for the optimization of material properties.
Investigation of Technopedagogical Skills of Teachers in Disadvantaged Regions
Authors: ÖZDEN Celalettin , ATASOY Ramazan
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırma dezavantajlı bölgelerde çalışan öğretmenlerin kişisel ve mesleki gelişimlerini destekleyici teknopedagojik becerilere yönelik ilgi, yönelim, erişim ve yaklaşım durumlarını ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu amaçla
araştırmamızda teknopedagojik becerilerin geliştirilmesine yönelik eğitimler, yaşanan sorunlar ve verilen eğitimlerin kalitesi üzerinde de durulmuştur. Nitel yöntemde yürütülen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim
yılında Şanlıurfa ilinde görev yapan ve KKTC’de MEB yurt dışı görevinde bulunan toplam 101 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya ilişkin etik kurul izni alınmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen
yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde NVIVO 10 paket programından yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sürecinde betimsel ve içerik analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada dezavantajlı bölgelerde görev yapan
öğretmenlerin büyük bir kısmının kişisel ya da mesleki gelişimleri için internetten faydalandıkları, sertifikalı ve ücretsiz eğitimleri daha çok tercih ettikleri, öğretmenlerin mümkün olduğunca eğitimlerin yüz yüze olmasını istemektedirler.
Ayrıca, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığından ve üniversitelerden eğitimler konusunda daha fazla çeşitlilik ve destek sağlanmasını talep ettikleri bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, öğretmenlerin teknopedagojik alan becerileri bağlamında
eğitimde yeni yöntem ve teknikler, zihin haritaları, Web2 araçları, yapay zekâ, Zoom ve Google Meet gibi çevrim içi sınıf yönetimi konularında eğitim almak istedikleri ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, eğiticilerin kişisel ve mesleki
gelişimleri için hafıza teknikleri, robotik kodlama, sanal gerçeklik, 3D tasarım gibi konularda eğitim talep ettikleri bulgularına da ulaşılmıştır. Talep edilen eğitimlerin büyük çoğunluğunun uzaktan çevrim içi ve çevrim dışı eğitimlerle
karşılanabilecek nitelikte olduğu dikkat çekicidir. Sonuç olarak, dezavantajlı bölgelerdeki öğretmenlerin teknopedagojik becerilerinin öğretmen talepleri doğrultusunda uzaktan eğitici eğitimleri yoluyla karşılanabileceği ve bu
sayede hem konu çeşitliliğinin artırılabileceği ve hem de eğitime ulaşma maliyeti ve zamanından avantaj sağlanabileceği düşünülmektedir. Araştırma sonuçlarının eğitici eğitimlerine yönelik eğitim politikalarına ve eğitim programlarına/müfredatlarına
katkı sunması beklenmektedir.
Comparison of Obesity Awareness and Physıcal Activity States According to Physical Education and Sports Lesson Hours
Authors: SAĞLAM Emine , ABACI Samet Hasan , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Gül , ÇANKAYA Soner
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırma ortaokul ve İmam Hatip ortaokullarında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor dersi saatlerine göre obezite farkındalığı ve fiziksel aktivite durumlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini
Ordu ilindeki ortaokullarda öğrenim gören öğrenciler arasından tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş toplam 414 kişi (238 kız - 176 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu, Obezite Farkındalık
Ölçeği (OFÖ) ve İlköğretim Öğrencileri için Fiziksel Aktivite Soru Formu (FAS) ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın yapılabilmesi için Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurulu'ndan (karar no: 2021/238) onay
alınmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel değerlendirmesinde, normallik testi, t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, katılımcıların cinsiyeti, anne çalışma durumu, baba mesleği, anne ve baba eğitim durumlarına
göre fiziksel aktivite ve genel obezite farkındalığı toplam puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Ortaokulda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite, genel obezite farkındalığı ve tüm
alt boyut toplam puanları İmam Hatip ortaokuluna göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin vücut kitle indekslerine göre zayıf öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite ölçek toplam puanları obez öğrencilerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Ayrıca, annesi üniversite mezunu olanların obezite farkındalığı alt boyutu ile babası üniversite mezunu olanların beslenme farkındalığı alt boyutu puanlarının yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fiziksel aktivite ölçek toplam puanlarına
göre, katılımcıların %3,9’unun inaktif ve %33,6’sının ise düşük aktiviteye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Obeziteyle de yakından ilişkili olan hareketliliğin arttırılması ve obezite farkındalığının yükseltilmesi için İmam Hatip ortaokullarının
müfredatında yer alan beden eğitimi ders saatinin arttırılması sağlıklı bir toplumun gelişmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Examining of Political Literacy Levels of Pre- Service Social Studies Teacher
Authors: KARAKUŞ Aylin , YEŞİLBURSA Cemil Cahit , KAYA Barış
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının politik okuryazarlık düzeylerinin cinsiyet, sınıf, anne ve baba eğitim durumu, sivil toplum kuruluşlarına üye olma durumu, sosyal medyada siyasi paylaşım yapma durumu ve tartışma programlarını
takip etme durumu değişkenleri açısından belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları, uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir.
Araştırmaya yer alan katılımcılar bir devlet üniversitesinde okuyan 124 sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarından oluşmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Köksal ve Erol (2021) tarafından geliştirilen “Politik Okuryazarlık
Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler bilgisayar ortamına aktarılmış ve verilerin analizinde istatistik paket programı (SPSS) kullanılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde veriler normal dağılım gösterdiği için cinsiyet, sınıf, sivil toplum
kuruluşlarına üye olma durumu ve sosyal medyada siyasi paylaşım yapma durumu değişkenleri bağımsız grup t testi (Independent Samples t Test) ile anne-baba eğitim durumu ve tartışma programları takip etme durumu değişkenleri ise
Tek yönlü varyans analizi (One-Way ANOVA) ile analiz edilmiştir. Cinsiyet, sınıf ve baba eğitim durumu değişkenlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunamamıştır; sivil toplum kuruluşlarına üye olma durumu, sosyal medyada
siyasi paylaşım yapma durumu anne eğitim durumu ve tartışma programlarını takip etme durumu değişkenlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Literatürde incelenen çalışmalar dikkate alındığında nicel yöntemde
az çalışmanın yer almasından dolayı nicel yöntemde çalışma yapılması önerilebilir.
Cytogenetics in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Patients: A Retrospective Study from a Teaching Hospital in Karnataka, India
Authors: Kamat Girish , Rao Mekhala , Goni Deepak , Balikai Girish
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Cytogenetic assessment is an essential test in patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), as it is required for diagnosis, treatment and to know the prognosis. Although these tests are done as standard of care in most of the institutes, there are limited publications from India describing karyotypic abnormalities in ALL patients. Aim: To assess the various cytogenetic abnormalities encountered in patients suffering from ALL and to know the pattern of chromosomal abnormalities. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective cross-sectional study done at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Karnataka, India. Patients who were diagnosed with ALL based on flow cytometry between January 2017 and June 2021 were included in the present study and total 61 patients were evaluated for the cytogenetic findings. The medical records of these 61 patients were reviewed to collect their details like age, sex, immunophenotype and cytogenetic findings. Results: During flow cytometry analysis, side scatter vs CD45 expression strategy was applied. Events with low side scatter and dim CD45 expression (blast gate) were gated. Leukaemias expressing precursor markers (CD34/HLA-DR) along with cytoplasmic/surface CD3 were diagnosed as T-ALL. Leukaemias with precursor markers along with any two out of three B-cell markers i.e CD19, CD79a or CD10 were diagnosed as B-ALL. In this study 13 patients out of 35 had normal karyotype and this was the most common cytogenetic finding. The most common cytogenetic abnormality in B-ALL patients was hypodiploidy, but t(9;22) (q34;q11.2) was the most common cytogenetic abnormality in adult patients with B-ALL. Among the patients with T-ALL, only 2 (15.38%) patients had chromosomal abnormalities. Conclusion: The present study highlights the role of cytogenetics in patients undergoing treatment for ALL. Chromosomal abnormalities like t(9;12) (q13;p11.2), t(X;1) (q13;p36.1) and t(9;15) (p13;q11.2) are novel chromosomal abnormalities which were found in the present study. Long-term follow-up is necessary to identify prognostic implications of such chromosomal abnormalities.
Consumer Informal Financial Education and Retirement Financial Behaviors: Financial Knowledge as a Mediator
Authors: Chen Fuzhong , Cao Sujing
Published: October 2022

Whether in developed or developing countries, the aging population has become a worldwide concern, and retirement financial behaviors also receive more attention. This study uses the data of American NFCS in 2018 to study the influence of consumer informal financial education on retirement financial behaviors. Moreover, financial knowledge is taken as a mediator variable to examine whether it will affect the mechanism of action. In addition, the empirical model is replaced, the outliers of income are removed, and heterogeneity analysis among different regions is conducted to ensure the robustness of the results. The empirical results show that consumer informal financial education positively contributes to retirement financial behaviors. Financial knowledge mediates the relationships between consumer informal financial education and retirement financial behaviors. Hence, to improve consumer financial wellbeing, it is necessary to increase financial education and pension publicity, employ various education methods for consumers of different age groups, enrich the variety of pension financial products, and promote scientific and reasonable pension plans.
Do Demographic Factors Influence Physicians' Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Pharmaceutical Marketing Strategies?
Authors: Ilyas Zahid , Siddiqi Mushtaq Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Pharmaceutical companies employ a variety of marketing strategies to influence physicians' prescribing behaviour in favour of their drugs. Every year, billions of dollars are spent on such marketing strategies. However, research on the role of physicians' socio-demographic variables in pharmaceutical marketing is scarce. Thus, the study aimed to determine whether physicians' demographic characteristics influence their perceptions of the effectiveness of marketing strategies. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from a sample of 425 physicians. The study found that physicians' perceptions of the effectiveness of medical representatives and ads in medical journals were unaffected by their gender. Demographic variables such as age and experience significantly affected the effectiveness perceptions of physicians. However, only medical representatives were found to be significantly affected by physicians' areas of practice. According to the findings of this study, the older and more experienced the physicians are, the more they perceive marketing strategies are effective in influencing their prescribing behaviour. In addition, general physicians perceived medical representatives as more effective than specialists. This study would be a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge and also aid pharmaceutical marketing managers in achieving their sales goals effectively.
Determination of Non-Eroding Discharge Based on the Threshold Velocity of Particle Motion and Soil Texture Triangle in Irrigation Furrows
Authors: Saina Nazhad Khairullah, , Mahmood Seyyed Valilou, Mir
Published: October 2022

One of the common methods to prevent the erosion of the furrows’ bed is to enter the water flow with a discharge less than the maximum of eroding discharge. Accordingly, it is important to determine the threshold velocity of the bed particle motion. In the current study, the average diameter of particles in each soil class was determined using 12 available classes in the soil texture triangle and then in an irrigation furrow with a fixed bed and triangular cross section, the threshold velocities were calculated using the equations provided by El-Zaemey, Novak, Nalluri and Charles Heinz Bong and compared them with proposed values of Walker et al and the US Department of Soil Conservation. The results were also compared with the Shields graph by determining the Shields parameter and boundary layer Reynolds number in the slope range of 0.5% to 1% for each soil texture class. A graph was presented based on all the above mentioned methods to simplify the use of the results. In addition to specifying the difference in velocity values predicted ​​by different methods, the graph can be also used to determine the maximum permissible velocity in furrows.
Study of the Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Activity of the Total Aqueous Extract of Clerodendrum splendens (G.Don) Leaves (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Daouda Diabaté , Allassane Koné , Boris Kouakou Abel , Koffi Kouakou
Published: October 2022

Clerodendrum splendens (Lamiaceae) is a plant with therapeutic properties, traditionally used in several countries for the treatment of several diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity of the total aqueous extract obtained from the leaves of C. splendens in order to contribute to a better knowledge of the therapeutic effects of this plant. It consisted in the realization of the antioxidant activity of ETAC according to the following methods: the DPPH test and the iron reducing power test (FRAP).    For the DPPH test, 50 µl of each of the different concentrations of the extract were incubated with 5 ml of a 0.004% methanolic solution of DPPH. After an incubation period of 30 minutes, the absorbances at 517 nm were recorded. The 50% inhibitory concentration of DPPH activity (IC50) expressed in µg/ml of each extract was calculated and compared with that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) taken as the reference antioxidant. The Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay measures the reducing power of antioxidants in a mixture by their ability to reduce ferric tripyridyl-triazine (Fe3+ -TPTZ) to ferrous (Fe 2+-TPTZ) at acidic pH. 900 µl of the FRAP reagent, previously incubated at 37°C, was mixed with 70 µl of doubly distilled water and 30 µl of the sample (with appropriate dilutions). The increase in absorbance at 593 nm was then monitored for 30 minutes at 37 °C. A range of FeSO4.7H2O, a reducing standard, between 0 and 2000 µM was used to calculate the FRAP values of the extracts and the standard antioxidant (BHT). The results of the study showed that ETAC has a good free radical scavenging activity compared to the activity of BHT, which is a synthetic antioxidant used as a standard. Thirty-two (32) rats weighing between 150 and 200 grams on average were used for the immunomodulatory effect of ETAC. The rats were randomly divided into four (4) batches of eight (8) rats each according to their weight. Each batch consisted of four (4) male and four (4) female animals distributed in different bins according to sex. The control rats were each given 1 ml of distilled water daily by gavage for the 28-day treatment period. The three (3) test batches (batches 1; 2 and 3) received 125 mg/kg bw; 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw of ETAC by gavage daily for 28 days. ETAC significantly increased white blood cell and lymphocyte counts at 125 and 250 mg/kg bw. The increase was greatest at 250 mg/kg bw. Only at 250 mg/kg bw was there a significant increase in neutrophils. Histological sections showed no structural or functional abnormalities in the thymus and spleen.
Evaluation of Oestrus Response, Pregnancy Rate and Oestradiol-17β of Nigerian Goat Following Synchronisation with Prostaglandin F2α
Authors: Dung C. E. , Kawu M. U. , Makun H. J. , Buhari H. , Yaqub L. S. , Suleiman I. O. , Kalang J. J. , Sa’Ayinzat F. E. , Oko J. A.
Published: October 2022

Reproductive inefficiency is one of the most important and cost limiting factor to profitable small ruminant production in the tropics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of breed on oestrus response, reproductive and oestradiol 17 β profiles in Red Sokoto (RS), Sahelian (SH) and West African Dwarf (WAD) goats following synchronisation with prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Thirty (N = 30) apparently healthy; RS (n = 10), SH (n = 10) and WAD (n=10) goats, aged between 1.5 – 2.0 years, and body condition score of 3.0 – 4.0 were used for the study. Each doe was synchronised with 1 mL (0.26 mg) cloprostenol sodium (Synchromate®) given as a single intra-muscular injection on Day 0. Prior to synchronisation, a 5mL blood sample was collected from each doe on Day 0, (pre- synchronisation sample) and subsequently on Day 1, Day 2 and Day 3 post-synchronisation for determination of serum reproductive and oestradiol17β profiles. The findings of the study were as follows: Oestrus response rates (%): RS; 100.0; SH; 100.0; WAD; 0.0; pregnancy rate (%): RS; 70.0; SH; 20.0; WAD; 0.0. The Sahelians that kidded (SHK) had significantly higher (P < 0.05) serum progesterone concentration than Sahelian that did not kid (SHN); Red Sokoto goats that kidded (RSK) had significantly higher (P< 0.05) serum concentrations of oestradiol-17β than Red Sokoto that did not kid (RSN); oestradiol-17β was higher in RSK than SHN (P < 0.05). It is, therefore, concluded that: Red Sokoto goats responded better to PGF2α-based oestrus synchronisation than Sahelian and WAD.  Oestradiol-17β   activity was comparatively higher in RS than in SH and WAD between Day 1 and Day 3 post-synchronisation with PGF2α. WAD goats were completely non-responsive to oestrus synchronisation with PGF2α. It is therefore recommended that WAD goat will require more time (approximately 6 months) to adapt to the Northern Guinea Zone for their hypothalamo-pituitary- Ovarian axis to be activated sufficiently to cycle, ovulate and develop functional corpus luteum that will respond to PGF2α.
Removal of Methylene Blue from Industrial Effluents Using Corncob Activated Carbon
Authors: Kouassi N’guessan Louis Berenger , Blonde Luc Dou , N’Goran Koffi Martin , Trokourey Albert
Published: October 2022

Water contamination by methylene blue (MB) is a threat to human health and aquatic biota due to its toxicity, persistence, and non-biodegradability. However, there is little data available in the literature on the methylene blue removal approach from industrial effluents by corncob-activated carbon. The purpose of this study was to investigate the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution and industrial effluents by corncob-activated carbon. The methylene blue adsorption capacities of corncob-activated carbon were investigated by batch adsorption experiments both in synthetic solutions and industrial effluents. The optimum pH value was 10.3 with a removal percentage of 93.4 %. Methylene blue adsorption by activated carbon followed second-order kinetics and was well fitted by the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) value was 11.36 mg/g. This study revealed that corncob-activated carbon has successfully removed methylene blue from industrial effluents, with percentages ranging from 65.14 %, and 76.28 %. The excellent methylene blue dye removal efficiency with corncob activated from industry effluents suggests its promising potential in remediating methylene blue contaminated wastewater.
Mathematical Modeling of Alcoholism Incorporating Media Awareness as an Intervention Strategy
Authors: Muchika Celestine L. , Apima Samuel , Tireito Frankline
Published: October 2022

Alcohol addiction is a phenomenon that has attracted the attention of numerous researchers and academics in a variety of professions due to its serious repercussion on all spheres of human life. Alcoholism is a common addiction in adults throughout the globe. Hence there is need to target efficient preventative and therapeutic measures.The impact of media awareness and treatment on the drinking behavior of various drinker classes is discussed in several mathematical models. Nevertheless, the impact of the exposed class of alcoholics on light and heavy drinkers in the presence of media awareness, has not been addressed. The model was formulated based on a system of differential equations. To perform stability analysis of the model at each equilibrium point, Jacobian matrix method was employed. By use of MATLAB, numerical simulations on the impact of awareness on alcoholism were performed. Secondary data obtained from NACADA and data from rehabilitation centers in Kenya was used to validate the analytical results of the impact of media awareness on the drinking population. Analysis of the model indicated that the Alcohol Free Equilibrium (AFE) point is locally asymptotically stable whenever R0 < 1 and unstable whenever R0 > 1. The Alcohol Endemic Point (AEP) exists and is locally asymptotically stable when R0 > 1. Further increase in media awareness programs reduces alcohol prevalence in the community. The study concluded that maximum media awareness is an ideal measure in curbing alcohol abuse in the community. The findings of this study will provide useful insight to the government and policy makers in targeting suitable media awareness programs in combating alcoholism.
Black Ice: Teaching and Learning during COVID 19 - A Reflection
Authors: Carpenter Brian D. , Vasilko Jean , Murphy Jack
Published: October 2022

This paper recounts how the beginning of the 2020 pandemic affected schooling, teachers, and teacher education. This short paper recounts how the teachers and educators reacted to and continued working through the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. There are journal postings, and notes about working with students and teacher education from the shared experience of a cooperating teacher, a student teacher, and a university supervisor.
Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) Techniques and Geospatial Technologies for Groundwater Potential Zone Mapping
Authors: Aigbokhan O. J. , Essien N. E. , Ofordu C. S. , Falana A. R. , Adedoyin E. D.
Published: October 2022

Due to its consistent availability, acceptable natural quality, and ease of direct diversion to the underprivileged population, groundwater is a vital source of water supply. It can also be transported there more swiftly and inexpensively. Exploring groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) maps is therefore essential, especially in semi-arid environments with insufficient surface water supplies. The groundwater potential of the research area is assessed using geographic information system methods and remote sensing data. Operational Land Imager 8 data, digital elevation models, soil data, rainfall data, and dug-out-well data were utilized to estimate the characteristics that influence groundwater potential and recharge zones.  Maps of lineament density, drainage density, rainfall distribution, topographic-wetness index, land use/land cover, land-surface temperature, slope and soil were produced. These were overlaid based on analytical hierarchical process weightage prioritization at a constituency ratio of 0.05. The resulting map was divided into very high, high, moderate, low and very low groundwater potential zones. The area dimensions of these categories are 116005.5 ha, 35822.4 ha, 20152 ha, 2459 ha and 259245 respectively. Accordingly, the north-east part of the study area is expected to have very high ground‐water potential. Out of the 55 operational wells sampled, 72.73 % were situated in areas with very high groundwater potential. The high category had 10.91% while the moderate, low and very low categories remained 7.27%, 5.45% and 3.64% respectively. The overall result indicates that the model approach is reliable and can be adopted for a reliable characterization of GWPZs in any semi-arid/ arid environment.