bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Descriptive geometry and engineering graphics
Authors: Chepurina Ekaterina , Krasnyaschih Konstantin , Rybalkin Dmitriy , Kushnareva Dar'ya
Published: June 2023

The textbook contains the basic materials of descriptive geometry and engineering graphics. The following sections are presented: types of projection, orthogonal systems of two and three projection planes and methods of specifying geometric objects on them, methods of projection transformation, surfaces, positional and metric tasks, surface scans, geometric and projection drawing, construction of detachable joints, surface roughness, execution of sketches of parts and working drawings, general drawing.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students studying engineering and technical specialties.
Forensic examination of controlled substances
Authors: Ivanova Elena
Published: June 2023

The textbook has been prepared by specialists in the field of forensic examination of materials, substances and products. The theoretical and methodological foundations of forensic examination of controlled substances are considered, modern approaches to regulation and research of the most common controlled substances are reflected.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the specialty "Forensic examination", as well as graduate students and university teachers, practitioners of expert, investigative and judicial bodies.
The state-territorial structure of Russia: finding the perfect shape
Authors: Ivannikov Ivan
Published: June 2023

The monograph presents the author's view of the teachings on the state-territorial structure of Russia from the XIX to the beginning of the XXI century in the domestic political and legal thought and on the practice of state-territorial construction. Judgments are valuable not only about the past and present, but also about the future of the state-territorial structure of Russia, the form of the Russian state.
It is intended for specialists in the field of history and theory of state and law of Russia, constitutional law, as well as for students and postgraduates studying in the field of training (specialty) "Jurisprudence", employees of legislative authorities.
Life safety
Authors: Sychev Yuriy
Published: June 2023

The material of the textbook has developed recommendations on the procedure for the actions of victims who have fallen into a wartime or peacetime emergency. The recommended procedure is aimed at preserving the health and life of the victims.
In addition, the latest statistics of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia are presented. Each topic ends with control questions and tasks. At the end there is a list of topics for abstracts, a glossary, test tests with answers.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying the discipline "Life safety" in educational institutions of secondary vocational and higher education.
Generalized flotation models and the development of flotation, eco- and cyclocombines of the KBS type based on the principles of biosimilarity
Authors: Ksenofontov Boris
Published: June 2023

The monograph examines both the theoretical foundations for the creation of flotation combines and eco-combines of the KBS type based on multi-stage and generalized flotation models, and practical recommendations based on the principles of biosimilarity. Possible schemes of flotation combines and eco-combines of the KBS type and special purpose are shown.
New aeration systems for use in various flotation devices, including flotation combines and eco-combines, are described. Practical examples of the use of new flotation equipment are given.
For a wide range of readers, including researchers, university professors, graduate students, masters, bachelors and undergraduates.
The basics of style didactics in a modern school
Authors: Starchenko Sergey
Published: June 2023

The monograph examines the pedagogical aspects of the formation of the style of educational and cognitive activity of schoolchildren. The author suggests presenting styles of educational and cognitive activity in terms of integration of basic, specialized, additional and practice-oriented education in a specialized school from the standpoint of style didactics. The educational technology of personal-personal interaction of teaching and teaching based on the styles of educational and cognitive activity is described, while the natural-scientific, physical-mathematical and humanitarian styles of educational and cognitive activity are highlighted. Methodological approaches to the formation of various styles of educational and cognitive activity of lyceum students are shown on the example of a technology park.
It is intended for teachers, students, postgraduates, researchers who are interested in the problems of specialized education.
Formation of information and analytical support for strategic financial management of an economic entity
Authors: Bashkatov Vadim , Mironov Oleg , Mironova Anastasiya
Published: June 2023

The monograph is devoted to the issues of accounting and analytical support of the procedures of strategic financial management of an economic entity. The study was conducted on the example of organizations in the agro-industrial complex. The issues of cash flow management, improvement of management accounting and management reporting, assessment of financial condition and risks are disclosed.
It is intended for economists, managers, accountants, postgraduates and students of economic specialties and training areas interested in accounting and reporting, management, economic analysis.
Technologies of lending to small and medium-sized businesses in the conditions of digitalization of the economy
Authors: Morozko Nina
Published: June 2023

In the monograph, in the process of studying the problems of lending to small and medium-sized businesses in modern conditions, factors affecting the conditions of business financing, the shortage of financial resources of Russian companies are identified. The analysis of the financial instruments of lending to small and medium-sized businesses in the digital environment is carried out. The current directions of development of financial instruments of business lending are considered. Based on a systematic approach to the issues under study, technologies for lending to small and medium-sized businesses in the digital environment are proposed, including increasing the financing potential of small and medium-sized businesses in the conditions of platformization and digitalization of business through: the use of the business model of the sharing economy; the use of crowdsourcing features; expanding the capabilities of decentralized large-scale public platforms.
It is intended for relevant ministries and departments to develop approaches to lending to small and medium-sized businesses in the conditions of digitalization of the economy, as well as for graduate students and students studying in the areas of training and specialties "Economics" and "Management".
Relationship of cytokine gene polymorphism and the development of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B&C
Authors: Usychenko K. , Berdnyk Y.
Published: June 2023

One of the features of the spread of infectious diseases is an increase in the number of mixed infections caused by various types of microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, etc. In mixed infections, the simultaneous presence of several pathogens leads to not only to the complex interaction of pathological processes, but also complicates the diagnosis and choice of treatment. Mixed hepatitis is characterized by high biochemical activity and histological changes, the presence of signs of portal hypertension. Infection with two viruses increases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. It should be noted that in patients with HBV infection, the development of hepatocellular carcinoma is possible at the stage of chronic hepatitis before the onset of liver cirrhosis. The aim of the study: to investigate a comprehensive assessment of the allelic polymorphism of the IL-4 (rs2243250), IL-10 (rs1800896), TNFα (rs1800620), SMAD family member 7 (rs4939827) and eIF3h (rs16892766) genes with the degree of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B&C. Materials and methods. In the course of the study, 62 patients with chronic hepatitis B&C were examined before the start of treatment and after the end of the course of antiviral therapy. The degree of liver fibrosis was established by FibroScan. Molecular genetic studies included the determination of polymorphic variants of the IL-4 (rs2243250), IL10 (rs1800896), TNFα (rs1800620), SMAD family member 7 (rs4939827), eIF3h (rs16892766) genes. Polymorphism was studied by amplification of the corresponding regions of the genome by PCR. Results and discussions. Genotypes CC IL-4 (rs2243250), GG IL-10 (rs1800896), GG TNFα (rs1800620), AA SMAD family member 7 (rs4939827), TT eIF3h (rs16892766) have a protective effect on the course of chronic hepatitis B&C, as they are established in patients with chronic hepatitis B&C with a lower degree of fibrosis. Heterozygous CT IL-4 (rs2243250), GA IL-10 (rs1800896), GA TNFα (rs1800620), CC SMAD family member 7 (rs4939827), CC eIF3h (rs16892766) have a profibrotic effect on the course of chronic hepatitis B&C, therefore that they are established in patients with chronic hepatitis B&C with a greater degree of fibrosis.In patients with a low stage of fibrosis, the genotypes CC IL-4 (rs2243250), GG IL-10 (rs1800896), GG TNFα (rs1800620), AA SMAD family member 7 (rs4939827), TT eIF3h (rs16892766), are most often determined. In patients with a degree of fibrosis, other genotypes were detected, namely CT IL-4 (rs2243250), GA IL-10 (rs1800896), GA TNFα (rs1800620), CC SMAD family member 7 (rs4939827), CC eIF3h (rs16892766). Сonclusions. The revealed differences in the frequency of occurrence of various gene polymorphisms in healthy subjects and patients with chronic hepatitis indicate a certain predisposition to the development of a chronic inflammatory process in the liver.
Copredication, Davidson and Logical Form
Authors: Molto Daniel
Published: June 2023

This paper offers a novel account of polysemous copredicative sentences. The solution, which it is argued enjoys a number of advantages over the alternative accounts currently on the market, is inspired by Donald Davidson’s first attempt to deal with ambiguity. Specifically, the account involves mapping ambiguities in the object language (in this case polysemous singular terms) onto ambiguities in the metalanguage. If this account is coherent and superior to its rivals, it tells us something important about logical form: the value of logical form does not lie in the elimination all lexical ambiguity.
Creative Destruction? Impact of E-Commerce on the Retail Sector
Authors: Chava Sudheer , Oettl Alexander , Singh Manpreet , Zeng Linghang
Published: June 2023

Using an administrative payroll data set for 2.6 million retail workers, we find that the staggered rollout of a major e-commerce firm’s fulfillment centers reduces traditional retail workers’ income in geographically proximate counties by 2.4%. Wages of hourly workers, especially part-time hourly workers, decrease significantly driven by a drop in the number of hours worked. We observe a U-shaped pattern in which both young and old workers experience a sharper decrease in wage income. Consequently, some workers experience an increase in credit card delinquency. Using data for 3.2 million stores, we find that sales (employment) at proximate stores decrease by 4% (2.1%). Exits, especially of young and small stores, increase, and entry decreases. Our results highlight how creative destruction led by e-commerce impacts local labor markets.

This paper was accepted by Anindya Ghose, information systems.

Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Kauffman Foundation Junior Faculty Fellowship.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4795 .
Punish Underperformance with Suspension: Optimal Dynamic Contracts in the Presence of Switching Cost
Authors: Cao Ping , Sun Peng , Tian Feng
Published: June 2023

This paper studies a dynamic principal–agent setting in which the principal needs to dynamically schedule an agent to work or be suspended. When the agent is directed to work and exert effort, the arrival rate of a Poisson process is increased, which increases the principal’s payoff. Suspension, on the other hand, serves as a threat to the agent by delaying future payments. A key feature of our setting is a switching cost whenever the suspension stops and the work starts again. We formulate the problem as an optimal control model with switching and fully characterize the optimal control policies/contract structures under different parameter settings. Our analysis shows that, when the switching cost is not too high, the optimal contract demonstrates a generalized control-band structure. The length of each suspension episode, on the other hand, is fixed. Overall, the optimal contract is easy to describe, compute, and implement.

This paper was accepted by Ilia Tsetlin, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: The work of P. Cao is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72122019 and 71771202]. The work of F. Tian is financially supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (RGC) funding (RGC Early Career Scheme 2022/23) [Grant 27500822].

Supplemental Material: The e-companion and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4845 .
Vocational School Student Entrepreneurship Strategy
Authors: Ardhiyanti Laila Lupita , Kuat Tri , Sayuti Muhammad
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the strategies used by a successful vocational high school student in entrepreneurship. This research is a qualitative type of research with phenomenological research methods. This method approach uses the development of the Post-modern Phenomenology specification paradigm. Phenomenology is presented descriptively. Phenomenological research data collection was carried out using in-depth interview techniques. The results of this study reveal the strategies used by Ayu in the form of expanding the reach of promotions, forming networks, and paying attention to sales prices.
Redesigning Technical Vocational Education and Training for Sustainable Economic Development in Nigeria
Authors: Muogahlu Nzube , Ahmad Adnan Bin
Published: June 2023

Nigeria adopted TVET programs in her education strategy to educate and train qualified workers and develop middle-level personnel who will be self-sufficient to grow the economy and national stability. Nigeria's economy and national cohesion are threatened by various concerns. The country's problems include high unemployment, deep poverty, and increased insecurity. Nigeria's TVET program must be redesigned to develop 21st-century workers to stabilize and build the economy to avoid these challenges. This study aimed at redesigning TVET for sustainable economic development through the provision of skilled and competent work force for industries and for self-reliant. The study took a review method where secondary data were uncovered through reviewing of variety of literatures, newspapers, National reports, policy documents, national data etc. A possible explanation for the country's part of continued economic instability and low levels of productivity, unstable GDP growth, and high rate of unemployment can be traced to poor quality of TVET. Findings from the review of empirical literature discovered lack of employable skills, inadequate technical skills, and the incapacity of TVET graduates to compete in the global workplace. All these findings necessitated the redesigning of TVET in the following regards: updating the curriculum, TVET institutions partnership with industries, adopting a new model of programme operation, adequate funding and teachers’ training. Recommendations such as government in collaboration with private sectors and Multinational companies to invest more in human capital through education, mainly TVET, remains the key to sustainable economic development in Nigeria.
Analisis unsafe action dan kecelakaan kerja pada bagian produksi kereta di PT Industri Kereta Api (INKA) Kota Madiun
Authors: Jaya Benjamin Prana , Hariyono Widodo
Published: June 2023

Latar Belakang: Terdapat kasus kecelakaan kerja di PT Industri Kereta Api (INKA) Kota Madiun, yang dapat dilihat dari data kecelakaan kerja. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan kerja tersebut, adalah perilaku tidak selamat (unsafe action) pada pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan kerja PT Industri Kereta Api (INKA) Kota Madiun.
Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai unsafe action yang menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja pada bagian produksi kereta di PT Industri Kereta Api (INKA) Kota Madiun. Subjek dalam penelitian yaitu 9 orang yang terdiri dari 1 staf MMLH, 4 penyelia, dan 4 pekerja. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, telaah dokumen, dan wawancara.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian, bahwa unsafe action yang terjadi pada bagian produksi kereta di PT Industri Kereta Api (INKA) Kota Madiun, yaitu terjadi unsafe action seperti tidak menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), penggunaan APD yang tidak benar, perilaku kurang teliti atau ceroboh, kurang pengalaman, dan kurang pengetahuan. Kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi pada bagian produksi terdiri dari tersandung, terjatuh, terbentur, tertimpa, dan mata kemasukan serpihan.
Kesimpulan: Perilaku tidak selamat yang masih banyak dapat menyebabkan tingginya risiko kecelakaan kerja. Kecelakaan kerja yang sering terjadi mengakibatkan cidera, hilangnya jam kerja, dan kerugian materi .
Simultaneous manipulation of spatial fundamental and harmonic electromagnetic waves by microwave nonlinear metasurfaces
Authors: Liu Yong Han , Wang Shi Yu , Hu Wang Sheng , Li Yun Bo
Published: June 2023

In the area of manipulating the spatial electromagnetic (EM) waves fields, the metasurfaces have become much more attractive and powerful in recent years. Here, we propose a design to realize the simultaneous control of spatial fundamental and harmonic EM waves applying nonlinear metasurfaces in microwave band. The proposed meta-atom composed of three topological layers which are transmitting antenna, nonlinear wave guiding and receiving antenna respectively. And the critical factor of generating the harmonic is the nonlinear chip which is integrated into the middle layer. The microstrip power divider and phase shifter in each meta-atom are preciously tailored to actualize the spatial control of the fundamental and harmonic transmission beams in the far field. One prototype of the nonlinear metasurfaces is fabricated and corresponding radiation patterns of fundamental and harmonic modes are observed very well in the experience that can verify the validity of our proposed method.
Kalman filtering-enhanced short-delay self-heterodyne interferometry for linewidth measurement
Authors: Li Yuhang , Wang Zaiyuan , Qin Yingchun , He Shuyang , Gao Mingjin , Liang HuiJian , Liu Xingbo , Jiang Xiaoshun , Liu Qiang
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate an extended Kalman filtering-enhanced linewidth measurement in short-delay self-heterodyne interferometry (SDSHI). We found that a modified SDSHI trace closely resembles a biased cosine wave, which would enable convenient linewidth estimation by its uniform envelope contrast without any correction factor. Experimentally, we adopted this approach for kHz laser linewidth measurement, taking advantages of extended Kalman filtering (EKF) to adaptively track the cosine wave. Apart from the measurement noise suppression, this approach could use as many data points as possible in the noisy trace to make a linewidth estimation at each tracked data point, from which we can deduce valuable statistical parameters such as the mean and standard deviation. This approach involves no more equipment than conventional SDSHI and sophisticated EKF so that it can be easily implemented. Therefore, we believe it will find wide applications in ultra-narrow laser linewidth measurement.
Tunable and efficient ultraviolet generation with periodically poled lithium niobate
Authors: Hwang Emily , Harper Nathan , Sekine Ryoto , Ledezma Luis , Marandi Alireza , Cushing Scott
Published: June 2023

On-chip ultraviolet (UV) sources are of great interest for building compact and scalable atomic clocks, quantum computers, and spectrometers. However, few material platforms are suitable for integrated UV light generation and manipulation. Of these materials, thin-film lithium niobate offers unique advantages such as sub-micron modal confinement, strong nonlinearity, and quasi-phase matching. Despite these characteristics, its utilization in the UV has remained elusive because of the substantial sensitivity of standard quasi-phase matching to fabrication imperfections, the photorefractive effect, and relatively large losses in this range. Here, we present efficient (197 ± 5%/W/cm2) second harmonic generation of UV-A light in a periodically poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguide. We achieve on-chip UV powers of ∼30 µW and linear wavelength tunability using temperature. These results are enabled with large cross section waveguides, which leads to first-order UV quasi-phase-matching with relatively long poling periods (>1.5 µm). By varying the poling period, we have achieved the shortest reported wavelength (355 nm) generated through frequency doubling in thin-film lithium niobate. Our results open up new avenues for UV on-chip sources and chip-scale photonics through compact frequency-doubling of common near-IR laser diodes.
Zone-addressable 20 × 20 940 nm VCSEL array with a 5-bit binary number pattern
Authors: Cheng Hao-Tien , Pan Jian-Syun , Lin Wei-Hao , Yang Yun-Cheng , Wu Chao-Hsin
Published: June 2023

This article presents a monolithically zone-addressable 20 × 20 940 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array with a binary number pattern design for sensing applications. The emitters in this VCSEL array have a uniquely designed binary pattern design, with each row representing a 5-bit pattern designed to aid pattern-matching algorithms to deduce the shape and depth information efficiently. Approximately 200 VCSELs are arranged in four individually addressable light-emitting zones, with ∼50 emitters in each zone. Each zone generates laser pulses up to 7.2 W in peak power.
Near-perfect quantitatively tunable Q factors of quasi-bound states in the continuum via material-based thermal-optic perturbations
Authors: Zeng Dongwen , Zong Shu , Liu Guiqiang , Yuan Wen , Liu Xiaoshan , Chen Jing , Tang Chaojun , Liu Zhengqi
Published: June 2023

We successfully achieved high-Q dual-band quasi-bound states in the continuum (BICs) by introducing geometrical perturbations and thermally induced material perturbations into silicon half-disk nanodimers. Importantly, it is found that the Q factor obtained from the thermally induced material perturbations fits better with the inverse quadratic function of the asymmetry relation than that of the geometrical-perturbations-based system. Notably, we demonstrated that changes occurring at the sub-K scale can enable the simultaneous realization of the full width at half maximum offset distance for quasi-BICs and a maximum contrast ratio exceeding 44 dB. Our research provides novel, to the best of our knowledge, insights for potential applications in nano-lasers, temperature sensors, and infrared imaging.
Loss-induced Purcell enhancement in PT-broken whispering gallery microcavities
Authors: Zhang Xinchen , Liu Qi , Zhang Qi , Li Zhichao , Ma Yun , Gong Qihuang , Gu Ying
Published: June 2023

Parity-time (PT)-symmetry brings various opportunities for electromagnetic field manipulation and light–matter interaction, such as modification of spontaneous emission. However, previous works mainly focused on the behavior of spontaneous emission at exceptional points or in the PT-symmetry situation. Here, we theoretically demonstrate loss-induced Purcell enhancement in PT-broken whispering gallery microcavities. In the PT-broken phase, one of the supermodes decays slowly thereby playing a leading role in spontaneous emission. As the loss increases, the quality factor of this supermode is higher and the mode volume is smaller, so that the Purcell factors will be larger if the emitter is placed near the lossless cavity. Our findings indicate that loss can enhance the interaction between light and matter, which could be applied to single photon emission, non-Hermitian photonic devices, etc.
Leukocyte differentiation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids using higher harmonic generation microscopy and deep learning
Authors: van Huizen Laura M. G. , Blokker Max , Rip Yael , Veta Mitko , Mooij Kalverda Kirsten A. , Bonta Peter I. , Duitman Jan Willem , Groot Marie Louise
Published: June 2023

Background

In diseases such as interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), patient diagnosis relies on diagnostic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and biopsies. Immunological BALF analysis includes differentiation of leukocytes by standard cytological techniques that are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Studies have shown promising leukocyte identification performance on blood fractions, using third harmonic generation (THG) and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MPEF) microscopy.

Objective

To extend leukocyte differentiation to BALF samples using THG/MPEF microscopy, and to show the potential of a trained deep learning algorithm for automated leukocyte identification and quantification.

Methods

Leukocytes from blood obtained from three healthy individuals and one asthma patient, and BALF samples from six ILD patients were isolated and imaged using label-free microscopy. The cytological characteristics of leukocytes, including neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages, in terms of cellular and nuclear morphology, and THG and MPEF signal intensity, were determined. A deep learning model was trained on 2D images and used to estimate the leukocyte ratios at the image-level using the differential cell counts obtained using standard cytological techniques as reference.

Results

Different leukocyte populations were identified in BALF samples using label-free microscopy, showing distinctive cytological characteristics. Based on the THG/MPEF images, the deep learning network has learned to identify individual cells and was able to provide a reasonable estimate of the leukocyte percentage, reaching >90% accuracy on BALF samples in the hold-out testing set.

Conclusions

Label-free THG/MPEF microscopy in combination with deep learning is a promising technique for instant differentiation and quantification of leukocytes. Immediate feedback on leukocyte ratios has potential to speed-up the diagnostic process and to reduce costs, workload and inter-observer variations.
Competitive advantages of organizational project management maturity: A quantitative descriptive study in Australia
Authors: Huang Garry , Lee Shwn-Meei , Clinciu Daniel L.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine whether organizational project management maturity in the project management consultancy industry offers any competitive advantages to a business when it tenders for contracts. We collected 150 responses from both members and former members of professional Australian project management associations in order to examine and understand any potential effects of project management maturity on management and organizations. The statistical software SPSS was used to analyze the data collected with the confidence interval (alpha) set at 5%. The results of this study reveal that organizational project management maturity has an effect on competitive advantages as noted by the project managers (p < .0001; 99.99%; H0 –rejected). The study also shows that the perception of competitive advantages for organizational project management maturity is based on the level of maturity reached. It also reveals that an organization is winning contracts/jobs due to various other competencies, particularly soft skills such as client relationships, stakeholder management, communications skills, and modes of client engagement.
The relationship between family history of cancer and cancer attitudes & beliefs within the Community Initiative Towards Improving Equity and Health Status (CITIES) cohort
Authors: Lin Li , Zhang Xiaochen , Yu Mengda , Bernardo Brittany , Adeyanju Toyin , Paskett Electra D.
Published: June 2023

Objective

To determine the relationship between family history of cancer with cancer attitudes and beliefs (CABs) and cancer screening knowledge.

Methods

This study used data collected for the Community Initiative Towards Improving Equity and Health Status (CITIES) project which surveyed Ohioans ages 21–74. In the current analysis, we included data on age, gender, race, marital status, education, income, financial security, health insurance, CABs, knowledge about the correct age to begin cancer screenings, and presence of a first-degree relative with cancer. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of family history of cancer with CABs and knowledge about the correct age to begin cancer screening.

Results

Participants were predominantly over the age of 41, female, and white. Out of 603 participants, 295 (48.92%) reported not having a first-degree relative with cancer and 308 (51.08%) reported having a first-degree relative with cancer. Overall, 109 (18.08%) participants reported negative CABs, 378 (62.69%) reported moderate CABs, and 116 (19.24%) reported positive CABs. Participants who reported a first-degree relative with cancer were more likely to report positive CABs, but the association was not significant (p = .11). We observed that older, more educated, and married participants were more likely to have positive CABs (all p < 0.05). Family history of cancer was not associated with differences in knowledge about the correct age for beginning colorectal cancer screening (p = .85) and mammography (p = .88).

Conclusions

Having a first-degree relative with cancer was not found to be associated with CABs or knowledge about cancer screening. However, age and socioeconomic status were associated with more positive CABs and increased knowledge about cancer screening. Future research should focus on standardizing a CABs scale and expanding the generalizability of our findings.
Effect of COVID-19 on dental service delivery in Fiji: Perspective of Dental Officers (Dos) and Dental Managers (DMs)
Authors: Kajal Kartika , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: June 2023

Background

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) has had significant impact on dentistry in Fiji. Due to lack of previous study, this study aims to explore the perspective of Dental Officers (DOs) and Dental Managers (DMs) on the effects of COVID-19 on dental service delivery in Fiji Islands.

Methods

This qualitative study was conducted amongst 30 DOs and 17 DMs between 9th August to 12th September, 2021. It was conducted in the government dental clinics, private dental clinics and the School of Dentistry and Oral Health clinic (SDOH), in the Central Division, Fiji. The study settings were randomly selected. Purposive sampling method was used for the selection of participants who met the study criteria. Semi-structure open ended questionnaires were used for data collection through in-depth interviews via zoom. Manual thematic analysis of the data was conducted to derive themes and codes.

Results

The participants interviewed for the study included more female DOs (66.7%) and male DMs (58.8%). Seven themes emerged from data analysis: range of services delivered, appointment versus walk-in patients for aerosol generating procedures (AGPs), impact of pandemic on clinic opening hours, impact of COVID-19 on patient numbers, quality of services delivered, resources and infrastructure, perceptions about the burden of disease.

Conclusion

COVID-19 has significantly affected dental service delivery. Mostly emergency dental services were delivered. AGPs were delivered on appointment basis. Most participants stated the quality of services had improved. Participants stated that they were not given adequate resources and the infrastructure was not up to standard to provide dental services during the pandemic. The dental disease burden had increased during the pandemic as per the participants. Future research can be conducted amongst other dental professionals in other divisions of the country.
Open design pedagogy: Revealing openness in early childhood education with digital technology
Authors: Brinck Jaana , Leinonen Teemu , Lipponen Lasse , Kallio-Tavin Mira
Published: June 2023

Today, more than any other period in time, digital fluency is regarded as a necessary life skill for both children and adults. The potential of digital tools in early childhood learning has been recognized as helping to reinforce academic skills, as a way to communicate ideas and develop social skills, to support children to learn at their own pace, to learn how to learn and to make learning fun. This article contributes to the current research by conducting a participatory study in a kindergarten in Finland over the course of one year. The empirical data are analysed to (1) identify the characteristics of educational activities that make use of digital technology in early childhood education and (2) reveal the pedagogical approaches behind these activities. The findings of this study show that pedagogical activities entailing playful interaction with technology and the production of tangible artefacts, accompanied by visual documentation and reflection, support the effective use of technology in early childhood education. The educators’ open approach towards the use of technology also played a significant part in the positive outcomes experienced by teachers and students. We call this approach open design pedagogy and propose it as a model for using digital technologies in early childhood education.
Cultural Appropriation in Fashion and Entertainment, Yuniya Kawamura and Jung-Whan Marc de Jong (2021)
Authors: Williams Gwyneth I.
Published: June 2023

Review of: Cultural Appropriation in Fashion and Entertainment, Yuniya Kawamura and Jung-Whan Marc de Jong (2021)

London and New York: Bloomsbury Visual Arts, 218 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35017-055-1, p/bk, $20.96

ISBN 978-1-3501-7054-4, h/bk, $63.00

ISBN 978-1-3501-7058-2, ePUB, $16.17

ISBN 978-1-3501-7056-8, e-book, $16.17
Efficacy of collagen-only scaffolds compared to polymer-associated collagen and nanomaterials in skin wound repair – a review
Authors: Castro Jiulia Tereza Marques de , Barreto Rafaela de Melo , Alvarenga Erika  Costa de , Costa Raquel Alves
Published: June 2023

Wound healing remains a clinical problem, with cases of atrophic, hypertrophic, or keloid scars. Three-dimensional scaffolds have been used to restore skin function, facilitating cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Collagen is the most common, presenting low antigenicity, decreased inflammation, and replacement by autologous tissue. It is used as sheets/films, sponges, membranes, sprays, and hydrogels of various origins. This integrative literature review aimed to evaluate the application of unassociated collagen scaffolds for skin wound healing and compare them to collagen associations with nanomaterials and polymers. Properties such as applications in humans and other unconventional models cause burns, partial and full-thickness wounds, and others. Scaffold, biomaterials, collagen, wound, injury, repair, and healing were among the descriptors. We found 3,098 articles published between 1995 and 2022 (Mendeley platform), including clinical/experimental trials. After exclusion, 26 studies were identified and analyzed. Autologous and heterologous collagens are the most used in the clinic and favor wound closure by improving re-epithelialization and reducing inflammation but may present challenges in aesthetic acceptance and loss of repair function in the wound site. Furthermore, collagen integration with other nanomaterials improved wound repair and experimental models.
Intra-Regional Health Inequality: The Russian Far East on the Eve of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Domnich Yegor
Published: June 2023

The study presents an assessment of inequality in the healthcare sector of the Russian Far East, which formed in the period 2010–2019, on the eve of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). In contrast to the common approach in the scientific literature to the study of inequality in the field of medical services and medical care based on subjective assessments (surveys) of the population, in this article the problem is solved by analyzing the array of panel data of official statistics (Rosstat) for eleven subjects of the Russian Federation as part of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD), including data on cities (capitals and large centers) and a set of other settlements, allocated in each region. The comparative intra-regional dynamics of indicators characterizing population and mortality changes, the quality and accessibility of medical care (infrastructure and staffing) in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District in the context of large cities and other settlements are analyzed. It has been established that in the Far East, intra-regional inequality in the healthcare sector is systematically maintained in terms of resource and staffing, when not only residents of other settlements, but also individual large cities are in the most vulnerable position. It is shown that on the eve of the pandemic, a significant part of the population of other settlements of the Far Eastern Federal District found itself in a situation of territorial inaccessibility of medical care or the availability of low-quality medical infrastructure with high wear and tear in the absence of a sufficient number of ambulances and a shortage of professional personnel. The conclusion about the crisis of the intra-regional healthcare systems of the Far East in the pre-pandemic period is substantiated
Wojewoda w procesie politycznych i administracyjnych przemian Polski Ludowej w latach 1944–1950
Authors: Wojtczak Krystyna
Published: June 2023

The article considers the legal status of the voivode in post-war Poland ruined by the Nazi occupation, deprived of its own administrative apparatus (from 1939) and the construction of this position from scratch under new rules dictated by Moscow (from 1944).This periodisation was not matched by the ability to preserve Poland’s administrative apparatus. In occupied Poland, this function was not fulfilled by the highest Polish authorities in exile and their expatriate branches in the country. This opened the way for Moscow (strengthened by an amenable attitude from the Allies) to build the ‘People’s Poland’ (1) with an apparatus of supreme power (in the period before and after the enactment of the February Constitution) and (2) local, decentralised power (from 1944 based on national councils, and until 1950, also based in general administrative bodies – voivodes, starosts and local government administration).The author refers to both spheres of legal activity in the process of constructing this administrative apparatus. In chronological order, she discusses the basic legal acts enacted by the supreme authorities of the time. She focuses her attention primarily on acts directly concerning local administration, with particular emphasis on the institution of the voivode, which from 1944 was incorporated into the system of national councils, following the example of ‘people’s’ states.This analysis enables the conclusion to be drawn that the legal conditions at the time changed the legal status of the voivode, who was nominated by the government (and thus not the head of state). Appointing the voivode required an opinion from the competent national council. The council was empowered with the right of social control over the activities of the voivode. In practice, the influence of the voivodeship national council on the activities of the voivode was weak. The voivode was still the main element in the organisational system of the state’s local administrative apparatus as the representative of the government at the local level, the head of the general (composite) administration and the chairman of the executive body of the local government. The voivode’s competences excluded that of supervising local government bodies. In the years 1945–1949, a different status applied to the governors of the Recovered Territories.
François Facchini, L’entrepreneur comme un homme prudent, (Przedsiębiorca jako człowiek rozważny), „La Revue des Sciences de Gestion” 2007, n° 4–5 (n° 226–227)
Authors: Trela Anna
Published: June 2023

François Facchini, L’entrepreneur comme un homme prudent, (Przedsiębiorca jako człowiek rozważny), „La Revue des Sciences de Gestion” 2007, n° 4–5 (n° 226–227), pp. 29–38, https://doi.org/10.3917/rsg.226.0029
circNFATC3 facilitated the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma via the miR-520h/LDHA axis
Authors: Xie Hongguo , Lu Xiaopeng
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to verify the effects of circular RNA nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 (circNFATC3), in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development. The levels of circNFATC3, microRNA-520h (miR-520h), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. The cellular functions were assessed by using commercial kits, MTT assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry analysis, and transwell assay. The interactions between miR-520h and circNFATC3 or LDHA were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the mice test was enforced to evaluate the character of circNFATC3. We observed that the contents of circNFATC3 and LDHA were upregulated and miR-520h levels were downregulated in OSCC tissues compared with those in paracancerous tissues. For functional analysis, circNFATC3 knockdown repressed the cell glycolysis metabolism, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, although it improved cell apoptosis in OSCC cells. LDHA could regulate the development of OSCC. circNFATC3 acted as a miR-520h sponge to modulate LDHA expression. In addition, the absence of circNFATC3 subdued tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, circNFATC3 promoted the advancement of OSCC by adjusting the miR-520h/LDHA axis.
Prone position effect in intensive care patients with SARS-COV-2 pneumonia
Authors: Rebelo Oliveira Sandra Manuela , Ferreira Alexandra Marisa da Silva , Silva Paulo Jorge Ventura , Pinto Cristina Susana Sousa , Campello Maria Glória Cabral , Carvalho Amâncio António de Sousa
Published: June 2023

Ventilation in the prone position (PP) has been used for decades in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and is associated with a reduction in mortality rate. Its application has been extended to patients with SARS-Cov-2 pneumonia and is recommended by the main international organizations. The objective is to evaluate the effects of PP on the outcomes of patients with SARS-Cov-2 pneumonia admitted to a multipurpose intensive care unit. This is a quantitative, quasi-experimental, single-group, longitudinal and retrospective study. Data were collected based on clinical records. Data were processed using SPSS (version 26.0). PP significantly increased oxygenation in patients with SARS-Cov-2 pneumonia, with a mean increase of 21.27% between the PaO2/FiO2ratio before and after the PP. However, its effectiveness was inversely proportional to the number of cycles performed and the timing of orotracheal intubation. PP improves oxygenation in patients with SARS-Cov-2 pneumonia. However, multiple PP sessions are not beneficial, as this procedure is no longer effective after the fourth cycle. This study thus contributes to better management in the approach of critically ill patients with SARS-Cov-2 pneumonia.
Data plantation: Northern Virginia and the territorialization of digital civilization in “the Internet Capital of the World”
Authors: Rosati Clayton , James Aju , Metcalf Kathryne
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The development of the Northern VA and the Washington, DC metro area as a key node in the globalizing digital urban system is well established. This essay investigates the growth of that technological geography in the 1990s and 2000s as a part of the planetary epoch of human transformation that some have called the “Plantationocene” (vs. Anthropocene).

Approach

A historical and critical interpretive analysis of race, landscape, and technology policy in the Northern VA area.

Findings

The paper establishes the region’s social attachments to its “bucolic” agrarian landscape, rooted in the US Civil War and vast inequalities of the reimposition of the plantation as an “afterlife of slavery” after Reconstruction’s failure. It then suggests that the conditions of the plantation economy within a kind of digital plantation economy—featuring resource monopolies, extractive forms of exploitation, and monocrop “ecologies”—based on the “Server Farming” (aka, data center) industry through which some 70 % of the world’s Internet traffic flows. It looks at this digital aspect of the Plantationocene as post-Bellum and insurgent, in which the manipulation of history, the accumulation and control of ‘arable’ (digital) land, and the dispossession of social processes under quasi-feudalistic property rights encourage unequal, unsustainable, and often violent cultures and political ecologies.

Practical implications

Researchers considering digital urbanism might use this approach to understand online and offline geographies of the contemporary media industry.

Social implications

It treats the contemporary anti-government and ethno-nationalist movements growing in digital mediation as part of a much longer and unsettled planetary conflict over the plantation system, racialized social inequality, and the abolition of slavery.

Originality/value

While some work on “data colonialism” implicitly connects digital urbanism to the mostly agriculturally-focused work on the Plantationocene, this essay makes the connection explicit, place-based in specific historical-geographical contexts, and focused on the roles of specific political economic actors.
“Multilingual islands in the monolingual sea”: Foreign languages in the South Korean linguistic landscape
Authors: Fedorova Kapitolina , Nam Hye Hyun
Published: June 2023

The article aims at analyzing data on the South Korean linguistic landscape, with a focus on multilingual practices and different dimensions of language use, sets of norms, and ideological constructs underling particular linguistic choices. It is based on the analysis of a data set of over 800 digital photos of various signs and advertisements as well as necessary metadata gathered in 2018–2020 in four different urban contexts. The data, on the one hand, reflect recent changes favoring multilingualism; on the other hand, they demonstrate pragmatic inequality of other languages than Korean in public use. This inequality, however, is represented differently in certain spatial urban contexts; while commodified English tends to function as a substitution for other foreign languages and as an emblem of “foreignness,” agentivity of new ethnically diverse speakers creates “multilingual islands,” and that process can at some point challenge the dominance of monolingual ideology.