bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Ideas about Intellectual Disability in Medical Psychology in the Context of Non-Verbal Communication of Primary School Children
Authors: Zashchirinskaia Oksana V.
Published: November 2020

Objective: The study of intellectual disabilities in children and their diagnosis has become more and more relevant in recent years. In the 21st century, in terms of diagnostics and the implementation of psychological influences, the problem of identifying the features of communication skills in children with intellectual disabilities becomes very significant and urgent.
Background: This study aims to review modern ideas about the role of intelligence in the development of communication. The methodological framework of this study was the combination of various theoretical methods of cognition. The author analysed the scientific literature of Russian and foreign researchers.
Method: The following methods of scientific cognition were used: data synthesis and analysis. In the process of writing this work on the modern ideas of scientists, according to the subject matter, the author studied the current level of research on this issue.
Results: The works of Russian and foreign scientists were considered, as well as conclusions, were drawn about the levels of study of the problem of intellectual disability in children.
Conclusion: The practical significance of this study lies in the identification of modern ideas about intellectual disabilities. The study and research of this subject will provide opportunities for the development of a programme of psychological influence on the optimisation of non-verbal communication of children with intellectual disabilities.
Developing and Validating the Teacher Self-Efficacy for Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (TSE-ASD) Scale
Authors: Nazari Nabi
Published: November 2020

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continues to rise at an astonishing rate. As many schools attempt to create an inclusive environment conducive for students with autism to support academic success, we must recognize the teacher's role in creating an inclusive classroom. Using a student-specific teaching self-efficacy measure might provide more useful information for supporting teachers' beliefs for teaching students with ASD. Teachers with high self-efficacy have a positive impact on student achievement. The purpose of this investigation was to develop an instrument that can be used to measure teachers’ self-efficacy for effectively working with students with ASD. The original version of the scale was translated and back-translated into Persian, followed by a pilot study. A sample (n=633) of university students was recruited. Results indicated that the scale represented a unidimensional construct with acceptable internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated the unidimensionality of the TSE-ASD. The maximum likelihood confirmatory for the 12-item TSE-ASD model indicated excellent model fit indices (χ2/df=2.60, CFI=0.956, SRMR=0.049, PCLOSE >0.05, RMSEA=0.062, 90% CI [0.052, 0.082]). As for criterion-related validity, The Pearson correlation coefficients between (TSE-ASD score) and self-regulation (r= 0.72, p<0.01) revealed a large correlation and linear regression indicating that TSE-ASD significantly predicted self-regulation, b = 0.69, p < 0.001. Using a student-specific teaching self-efficacy measure might provide more useful information for supporting teachers' beliefs for teaching students with ASD. The findings provide evidence that TSE-ASD is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing teacher self-efficacy for teaching students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in educational settings among Persian speaking  individuals.
Knowledge and Attitude of Preschool Children Parents Towards Professional Topical Fluoride Therapy
Authors: Taravati Shirin , Lak Negin
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Since various factors such as parents' attitudes and knowledge can affect the use of fluoride, this study aims to assess the relationship between children's parents' attitudes and knowledge towards preventive caries methods with their children's caries experience.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 110 parents of preschool children in Ahvaz were randomly selected. Using a questionnaire, parents' knowledge and attitude about fluoride therapy were evaluated, and their children's teeth were examined for dmft. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: The mean of parents' knowledge about caries prevention methods was 2.22 ±3.23 of 9, and the knowledge of 68% was poor, 21% moderate, and 11% was good. The mean of parents' attitude about caries prevention techniques was 9.5±2.05 of 14, and the attitude of 0% was poor,60% moderate, and 40% was good. There was no significant relationship between parents' knowledge with gender, age, education, source of information, and dmft. There was a direct relationship between knowledge and the experience of professional topical fluoride (PTF). There was no significant relationship between the attitudes of parents with gender, the history of PTF, and the source of information. There was a direct, significant relationship between parents’ attitude and their educational level, age, and child’s dmft. Children's experience of PTF was 18.6%.
Conclusion: Parents' knowledge and attitude towards fluoride roles in the prevention of dental caries were low. So, assigning programs to increase parents' knowledge and, subsequently, using caries prevention techniques is suggested.
Neural Correlates of Causal Inferences and Semantic Priming in People with Williams Syndrome: An fMRI Study
Authors: Hsu Ching-Fen
Published: November 2020

This study aimed at examining the ability of causal inferences and semantic priming of people with Williams syndrome (WS). Previous studies pointed out that people with WS showed deviant sentence comprehension, given advantageous lexical semantics. This study investigated the impairment in connecting words in the semantic network by using neuroimaging techniques to reveal neurological deficits in the contextual integration of people with Williams syndrome. Four types of word pairs were presented: causal, categorical, associative, and functional. Behavioural results revealed that causal word pairs required heavier cognitive processing than functional word pairs. Distinct neural correlates of semantic priming confirmed atypical semantic linkage and possible cause of impairment of contextual integration in people with WS. The findings of normal behaviours and atypical neural correlates in people with WS provide evidence of atypical development resulted from early gene mutations.
Transformation of the Structure of Self-Attitude in Early, Middle and Later Adulthood (on the Example of the Ukrainian Sample)
Authors: Kostytsky Mychailo V. , Kushakova-Kostytska Nataliia V. , Glavinska Olena D. , Kit Vilena O. , Leonova Inna M.
Published: November 2020

The study intends to trace the dynamics of self-esteem and changes in the structure of self-attitude at different stages of adult life, as well as identify signs of experiencing age-related crises. Self-attitude is considered a multidimensional formation, with its individual components, have different subjective significance in different periods of life. A cross-section was carried out in 507 subjects aged 25-65 years was carried out. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Self-Attitude Study Methodology by Pantileev were used. Normative data for RSES obtained on a sample of adult Ukrainians (N=488) are presented for the first time. The average interval was 22.70±5.43 (with a measuring scale of 0 to 30 points), but the reference point for low self-esteem is different for men and women. Comparison of average results in groups belonging to periods of early, middle, and later adulthood showed that the attitude towards oneself with age becomes more emotionally expressive, concerning both positive and negative components. The indicators of self-blame and inner closedness grow along with the growth of the positive self-attitude (self-confidence, self-management, self-acceptance). The heterogeneous age dynamics of components of self-attitude, pronounced peaks, and dips in different periods are shown. Based on the clustering of empirical data, we described seven types of self-attitude in adulthood: illusory, confident, accepting, crisis, externally oriented, persistently negative, and inexpressive. Markers of experiencing crisis life periods are the ambivalence of self-attitude – the simultaneous manifestation of positive and negative components, which is regarded as a sign of instability. The obtained results demonstrate that there are potential opportunities for personal growth among cases of low self-esteem.
Academic Anxiety of Vietnamese Secondary School Students as a Reason for Applying Online Learning
Authors: Ng Phan Trong , Dung Vu , Nguyet Le Minh , Linh Vu Thi Khanh , Thuy Hoang Thanh , Tinh Nguyen Thi
Published: November 2020

Academic anxiety is one of the major problems in student psychology across the world. It applies equally to students of all ages, from elementary school to college and university students. Research shows that learning online is an effective way to defuse feelings of academic anxiety. Elimination of anxiety is clearly visible regardless of age, gender, or prior online learning experience. The study aims to identify academic anxiety as one of the most important reasons for moving to online learning or blended learning in secondary school. The study investigated academic anxiety among secondary school students in Vietnam. After surveying 677 students in classroom learning, the results showed that 13.7% of secondary students suffered from frequent anxiety, and 3.0% of them suffered from very frequent anxiety. Lower anxiety was observed among students actively participated in-class activities, and students with excellent academic performance. These factors can be optimally enhanced through blended and online learning. There were no differences in academic anxiety among male and female students, urban and rural students. There was a moderate correlation between a student's anxiety level and pressure of the school, parental expectations, students' motivation for high performance, and especially, among students who have the melancholic temperament. And the influence of these negative factors can also be optimally reduced with the help of online learning. Regression model could provide useful suggestions for parents, teachers and students in reducing academic anxiety for students, including the use of full or blended online learning.
The Reality of the World and the Multidimensionality of the Reality of the Individual: The Semantic Meaning of Architecture of Consciousness
Authors: Kalishchuk Svitlana M.
Published: November 2020

In psychology, the world's multidimensionality is manifested in the study of consciousness, in identifying the methodological foundations of psychology and psychology of consciousness. The structure of the multidimensional world of a man is described from the point of view of the subject's understanding of the characteristic features of the realities where man lives. Aims of study are to formulate and consider the problem of the world's reality and the multidimensionality of the reality of the individual in the perspective of the semantic architecture of consciousness and within the framework of a holistic model of representation of the psychology of understanding the human world. The pragmatic aim of the present research is to set a quantitative measure in which a person is drawn into virtual reality (TER). The meta-analysis of publications with quantitative empirical data reporting on the results of staff training using virtual and augmented reality. The criteria of the search were that articles must be published exceptionally in peer-reviewed journals and be issued not older than in 2017. The platform for the effective search was the Google Scholar search engine. The transfer efficiency factor (TER) was the key element of the analysis. All gathered data extracted from the relevant literature sources were interpreted through observation, description, quantitative calculation, complex analysis, methods of comparison, generalization, and abstraction method. Although learning conditions with more virtual immersion lead to slightly worse results than real learning conditions, most people show similar results after learning, regardless of the level of virtual immersion. The inhomogeneity of acceptance by individuals of virtual reality is found out in quantitative data of the considered studies. The average score for the performance of each training condition represented in the scientific works considered for this study, as well as the 95% confidence interval, was calculated. It was found out that the value of TER 0.5 turned into a percentage by multiplication by 100%, indicates that training on the simulator can reduce the time of personal training by half. Presence is a psychological phenomenon that occurs in the human mind, not in specific technologies. The usage of virtual reality in learning affects the sense of presence and immersion. It directly affects an individual's perception of world reality. At the same time, the individual consciously accepts the picture of simulated reality, which emphasizes the multidimensionality of the individual's reality.
Specificities of Communication in Children with Intellectual Disorders
Authors: Zashchirinskaia Oksana V.
Published: November 2020

Objective: The purpose of this work is to study the characteristics of communication in children with intellectual disabilities.
Background: The study of the specificities of communication in children with intellectual disabilities has become more and more relevant in the past few years.
Method: The methodological basis of this study was the combination of various theoretical methods of cognition.
Results: In the process of writing this work, the author studied the techniques of verbal and non-verbal communication. The works of Russian and foreign authors, as well as methods of improving communication in children with intellectual disabilities, were considered. It was found that the impact of intellectual disabilities with mild mental retardation on the cognitive, behavioural and emotional-personal spheres of the communicative process naturally entails the emergence of serious difficulties in establishing contacts with people around, and therefore in the process of social adaptation of the child in general.
Conclusion: The practical significance of this work lies in the study of the characteristics of communication in children with intellectual disabilities, which will be useful for psychologists, teachers and medical workers. The study and research of this topic will provide further opportunities for the development of a program of psychological influence to optimise communication for children with intellectual disabilities and their adaptation in society.
Nonverbal Communication as a Means of Social Integration: The Development of Nonverbal Communication in Primary Schoolers with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Zashchirinskaia Oksana V.
Published: November 2020

Objective: The study of nonverbal communication in primary schoolers with intellectual disabilities is an urgent topic for medical psychology.
Background: The purpose of this paper is to study nonverbal communication as a means of social integration.
Method: The methodological basis of this study is represented by various theoretic methods of scientific cognition. Methods of synthesis and analysis, system analysis of data and analysis of literary sources were used. In the context of the study, papers of foreign authors on the topic of nonverbal communication were considered.
Results: The study of the nonverbal communication development in primary school-aged children will allow for more successful socialisation of children with mild mental retardation, which in turn partially compensates for the intellectual impairment, and will also reduce the risks of social isolation.
Conclusion: This study is of practical value for psychologists and educators who work with children with a certain level of intellectual disability.
Study of the Understanding of Gestural Communication in Children with Intellectual Disabilities in the Dynamics of Psychological Impact
Authors: Zashchirinskaia Oksana V.
Published: November 2020

Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the specific features of non-verbal communication in children with intellectual disabilities in the dynamics of psychological impact.
Background: Gestures are one of the most important components of non-verbal communication. The development of non-verbal communication in children with intellectual disabilities contributes to their normal social adaptation.
Method: To study the current state and dynamics of the development of the ability to recognise and understand gestures in the process of psychological influence, factor analysis was used by the principal component method with the use of varimax rotation. To verify the applicability of factor analysis to the selected variables, the Kaiser-Meier-Olkin measure of sample adequacy and Bartlett's sphericity test were used.
Results: The data of the study showed that, depending on the level of intelligence or, more precisely, on the diagnosis given to the child, there are differences in the dynamics of the development of the components of non-verbal communication. Children with mild mental retardation display lower results than children with mixed specific disorders of psychological development and children with a normative level of intellectual development.
Conclusion: The results obtained in the process of this study can be applied in practice by teachers and psychologists when working with children with intellectual disabilities
Features of the Introduction in Schools of Nonverbal Communication Development Programme for Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Zashchirinskaia Oksana V.
Published: November 2020

Objective: The present study was conducted to identify the features of nonverbal communication in children.
Background: Nonverbal communication is a significant aspect of interpersonal communication. American scientists have found a strong correlation between low ability to recognise facial expressions, interpretation of postures, and gestures with communication difficulties. Experimental data indicate a positive relationship between the social status of an individual and the ability to interpret nonverbal signals. The general dynamics of the development of a child with disabilities are subject to the same laws as ordinary children. But the peculiarities of children associated with a disturbance of the intellectual sphere lead to the limitation of possibilities to obtain information from the outside world, a change in the methods of communication, difficulties of social adaptation, and impoverishment of social experience.
Method: Students of the first-grades of educational institutions of St. Petersburg were the survey sample. Several public and special schools were randomly selected in order to form the most detailed picture of the development of nonverbal behaviour in children, as well as to obtain the most representative sample for our study. A total of 128 children took part in the study – students of the first-grade (average age – 7.4 years; 47 girls, 81 boys).
Results: A programme of psychological influence was developed to optimise the nonverbal communication of children with intellectual disabilities.
Conclusion: With psychological influence aimed at the development of nonverbal communication among primary schoolers with intellectual disabilities, more intact mental functions associated with the implementation of emotional and behavioural components were taken into account.
Ways to Enhance Students’ Learning Activities in the Context of Higher Education
Authors: Naviy Liza , Rakisheva Gulmira M. , Stukalenko Nina M. , Murzina Saule A. , Duisenbina Assem T. , Koshanova Marash T. , Kazhatova Guldana N.
Published: November 2020

The article aims to study scientific and methodological features of the ways to enhance students’ learning activities in the context of higher education. The study's theoretical significance is derived from the in-depth analysis of the development of students' learning activity. The study offers the framework of characteristics for the concept of “students' learning (cognitive) activity". The main used methods were: analysis, peer-assessment, self-assessment. The interview method was used to make a cognitive profile of the participants, taking into account their psychological characteristics. The authors developed and scientifically tested educational model based on module curricula and interactive teaching methods to enhance students' learning activity. The authors also reflected the dynamic of the learning activity of the students with disabilities participating in the experiment. The results proved the effectiveness of the developed model of enhancing students' learning activity by using interactive teaching methods. It was concluded that the module curricular and active teaching methods help enhance students with disabilities' learning activity and make them more responsible in respect to the results of their study.
Monográfico: Formación del profesorado de Música: de dónde venimos y hacia dónde vamos
Authors: Serrano Pastor Rosa María
Published: December 2020

La formación del profesorado en general y de educación musical en particular es un tema de investigación recurrente a nivel mundial (Goodwin, 2010), ya que la calidad docente determina la calidad del sistema educativo (Darling-Hammond et al., 2017). En los últimos años, aspectos como la creación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior han conllevado cambios en los planes de estudio de la formación del profesorado, tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional. En este sentido, se hace necesario analizar, desde una visión crítica, cómo han influido estas transformaciones en la formación de los futuros docentes de música y su adecuación a los contextos actuales. Para ello, en este monográfico se recogen ocho estudios que buscan dar respuesta a esta temática desde diferentes perspectivas, algunos de ellos fruto del Proyecto “Formación de profesorado y música en la sociedad y la economía del conocimiento” del Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia.
Unmasking the mask: COVID-19 manifestations of PPE kits
Authors: Soundarya Santhanakrishnaan , Sundaramoorthy Srinivasan
Published: November 2020

The world is now facing a new unexpected pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is a coronavirus that mainly targets the lungs, a very vital and sensitive organ of the body. Research and healthcare workers are still struggling to contain the disease and eradicate the virus. Before the invention of a vaccine, the virus may take at least several more millions of lives. On top of this, dermatologists are facing numerous challenges because of the regulations put forward by the WHO and local governments. This article discusses in detail various dermatological eruptions caused by the personal protective equipment (PPE) used in combating the disease. This should be an eye-opener for dermatologists worldwide.
NUMERICAL CALCULATION TO THE EULER ANGLES FOR A SHAPED SELECTIVE PULSE
Authors: ZHOU JIN-YUAN  , LI LI-YUN  , YE CHAO-HUI  ,   中国科学院武汉物理研究所波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室,武汉430071
Published: November 2020

Basing on the three Euler angles, the rotation operator approach is efficient to describe spin dy-namics of arbitrary shaped selective pulse. In this paper, a quaternion is employed so that the product of rotations is well performed. Hence a simple method is given for the calculation of the Euler angles for shaped pulses.
SURFACE PASSIVATION OF LIGHT-EMITTING POROUS SILICON BY NITRIDE
Authors: LI GU-BO  , ZHANG FU-LONG  , CHEN HUA-JIE  , FAN HONG-LEI  , YU MING-REN  , HOU XIAO-YUA  ,   (1)复旦大学应用表面物理国家重点实验室,上海200433; (2)四川工业学院物理实验室,成都611744
Published: November 2020

Porous silicon is treated in NH3 gas by rapid thermal annealing. FTIR spectra indicate that the surface of the sample is covered with Si(NH)2 and Si3N4 species. ESR signal shows that the sample has rather low density of dangling bonds. The photoluminescence intensity of the treated sample de-creases slightly compared to the sample without the treatment and is very stable while storing in at-mosphere. These results show that nitride can be an excellent passivation film on porous silicon and may be important to the practical applications.
THE DIAMAGNETIC ANISOTROPY OF FULLERENES
Authors: JIANG ZONG-FU  , YANG LI-JIA  ,   国防科技大学应用物理系,长沙410073
Published: November 2020

The expression for the diarnagnetic susceptibility derived using gauge invariant molecule orbital is applied to the calculation of π eletcrons of C60,C70,C76,C78,C82 and C84. The numerical results show that the fullerenes have large diarnagnetic susceptibility, and that the diarnagnetic susceptibility of some fullerenes, such as C70 and C76 etc., has remarkable anisotropy.
THEORETICAL STUDY ON OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS OF Er3+-DOPED FIBER RING LASERS
Authors: SUN JUN-QIANG  ,   华中理工大学光电子工程系,武汉430074
Published: November 2020

A theoretical model has been established based on the solution of the rate equations for the erbium-doped fiber ring laser(EDFL). Analytic solutions for the threshold pump power, the output power, the slope efficiency and optimum erbium-doped fiber length of EDFL are obtained. The physical explanations have been given for the results.
AN EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR DESIGNING BINARY OPTICAL DIFFRACTIVE ELEMENTS
Authors: CHEN YAN-SONG  , LI DE-HUA  ,   中国科学院物理研究所,北京100080
Published: November 2020

Based on the principle of Fresnel diffraction and Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, an effective method for designing binary optical diffractive elements (BODE) is presented. The objective light distribution, generated by a BODE designed by this method, is not sensitive to laser mode. A BODE, used in quenching treatment of CO2 laser, was designed and fabricated by photolithography and ion etching techniques. The element could transform a CO2 laser beam into rectangle beam shape with dimensions 12 mm×2 mm. The experimental results are satisfactory for the quenching treatment .
FREE CARRIER ABSORPTION SPECTRA FOR Hg1-xCdxTe EPILAYERS
Authors: LI BIAO  , CHU JUN-HAO  , SHI XIAO-HONG  , CHEN XIN-QIANG  , CAO JU-YING  , TANG DING-YUAN  ,   中国科学院上海技术物理研究所红外物理国家重点实验室
Published: November 2020

The free carrier absorption spectra for Hg1-xCdxTe epilayers are derived by considering the composition-in-depth nonuniformity and Te precipitates in the epilayers. The results show that the absorption behaviour of epilayers exhibits many differences with that of the bulk materials. The Te precipitates may exist when the calculated transmission is much higher than the experimental data.
THE APPLICATION OF EMPIRICAL PSEUDOPOTENTIAL SCHEME ON THE THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF HETEROJUNCTION BAND ALIGNMENT
Authors: ZHENG YONG-MEI  , WANG REN-ZHI  , HE GUO-MIN  ,   厦门大学物理系
Published: November 2020

Taking the average bond energy Em as reference level, and empitical pseudopotential scheme is employed to calculate the band alignment(including valence band, conduction band, and band gap) of three semiconductor heterojunctions:GaAs/Ge,AlAs/GaAs and AlAs/Ge and the complete and more accurate calculation results are obtained. In our calculation, the valence -band offset values ΔＥｖ of the above three heterojunctions are ０.５７，０.５０ and １.０７ｅＶ,respectively．
SIMULATIONS OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GOLD CLUSTERS AND GOLD THIN FILMS WITH A MANY-BODY POTENTIAL(Ⅰ)──SURFACE DAMAGES INDUCED BY GOLD CLUSTERS
Authors: PAN ZHENG-YING  , LI RONG-WU  ,   复旦大学物理二系
Published: November 2020

A hybrid potential, which is the combination of the Molters with a semiempirical tight-binding potential has been developed in this paper. The collision dynamics between gold clusters and gold thin films has been simulated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The hybrid potential is applied in the simulation. The clusters bombard on An(100) surfaces at the energy of 3250 eV per cluster. Radiation damages of the gold thin films at atomic scale have been studied. The changes of crystalline structures and the craters on the surface have been predicted. The collective nature of the interactions between clusters and thin films has been discussed.
DEGRADATION OF THE POWER OF COHERENT HARMONICS GENERATED BY THE FUNDAMENTAL MODE BUNCHING AND ELECTRON BEAM QUALITY
Authors: DING WU  ,   北京应用物理与计算数学研究所,北京100088
Published: November 2020

The thermal effect of the electron beam on the power of coherent harmonics generated by the fundamental mode bunching has been researched analytically, and compared with the mechanism generating coherent harmonics by the external source prebunching.
EXPERIMENT ON WAVELENGTH MATCHES BETWEEN PUMPING AND ABSORBING LINES IN PHOTO-RESONANT X-RAY LASERS
Authors: FAN PIN-ZHONG  , E.FILL  ,   (1)Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik,Garching,87458 Germany; (2)中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所,上海201800
Published: November 2020

Wavelength match experiment was carried out with a soft X-ray crystal spectrograph for three pumping and absorbing line pairs at wavelengths around 4.5 nm:SiXII3d-2p,4.4021 nm, MgX2s-4p, 4.4050 nm; CuXIX4f-3d, 4.7329 nm, MgX2p-4d, 4.7310 nm and AlXI3p-2s,4.8338 nm and MgIX2s2-2s4p,4.8340 nm.The second line pair was found in this experiment and never appeared in published work. The pros and cons these line pairs for photo-resonant X-ray lasers were compared and discussed.
STUDY OF RAMAN SPECTRA FOR FERROELECTRIC TUNGSTEN BRONZE-TYPE CRYSTALS SBN AND KNSBN
Authors: XIA HAI-RUI  , WANG KAI-XUAN  , ZHAO BI-YING  , CHEN HUAN-CHU  , Lü XIN-LIANG  , JIANG QUAN-ZHONG  , SUN PEI-JIANG  , HU LIAN-JUN  ,   (1)北京大学物理化学研究所,北京100871; (2)山东大学晶体材料研究所,济南250100; (3)山东大学物理系,济南250100
Published: November 2020

The Raman spectra of Sr1-xBaxNb2O6(SBN) and (K1-yNay)z(Sr1-xBax)l-zNb2O6(KNSBN) crystals have been obtained and discussed based on the space group theory and lattice dynamics. It provides scientific basic for an improvement on SBN and KNSBN by ion doping.
SOLID-PHASE REACTION AND MAGNETISM IN ANNEALED Ge/Fe MULTI-LAYER
Authors: LI TIE  , LI YU-ZHI  , MOU ZHI  , CHEN LIN  , ZHANG YU-HENG  ,   中国科学技术大学结构分析开放研究实验室,合肥230026;微结构科学技术高等研究中心,南京210093
Published: November 2020

The behaviors in annealed Ge/Fe multi-layer have been investigated. It is found that the temperature of crystallization and compound-production at the surface is higher than that in the bulk. The abnormal Raman spectra are analyzed and the relationship between the phases and the magnetism during annealing is also discussed.
EFFECT OF c-Si/ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE ON THE INITIAL STAGE OF POROUS SILICON FORMATION
Authors: LI QING-SHAN  , LI PENG  , MA YU-RONG  , PAN BI-CAI  , XIA SHANG-DA  , FANG RONG-CHUAN  ,   中国科学技术大学物理系,合肥230026
Published: November 2020

The I-V curves of the initial stage of porous silicon formation have been measured, and the amount of charge transfer for silicon atoms adsorbed different elements has been calculated. It was pointed out that there would exist a dipole layer at c-Si/electrolyte interface, which affected the formation and properties of porous silicon. The effects of HF concentration, current density and light illumination on material formation were also discussed.
SURFACE AND INTERFACE SCATTERING EFFECTS ON QUANTUM TRANSPORT IN BIMETALLIC FILMS
Authors: DONG ZHENG-CHAO  , SHENG LI  , XING DING-YU  , DONG JIN-MING  ,   (1)南京大学固体微结构物理国家重点实验室和固体物理研究所,南京210093; (2)南京大学固体微结构物理国家重点实验室和固体物理研究所,南京210093;江苏省淮阴师范专科学院
Published: November 2020

An analytical Green's function approach to the study of the electrical transport in bimetallic films is presented. Taking into account the quantum size effects and considering three types of scattering from bulk impurities, rough surfaces and a rough interface, we calculate the one-partical Green's functions and the in-plane conductivity, yielding a new formula for conductivity in bimetallic films. It is found that in the thin-film limit and to the lowest order in the surface and interface scattering, the total conductivity is given by a sum of conductivities of all the subbands and for each subband the scattering rates due to the impurities, surfaces and interface are additive.
COLLISIONAL ENERGY POOLING BETWEEN EXCITED SODIUM ATOMS
Authors: SHEN YI-FAN  , LI WAN-XING  ,   新疆大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The collisional energy pooling process in a sodium vapor [ Na(3PJ)+Na(3PJ′)→Na(nLJ″)+Na(3S1/2)] is experimentally investigated. At sufficiently low sodium densities,such that only the optically excited 3PJ state is significantly populated, the ratios of nLJ″ fluorescence intensities and the relative density of Na(3P1/2) versus the density of Na(3P3/2) are measured. The ratios of rate coefficients k(nLJ′)(J, J′) relative to k5S(3/2,3/2) are given for nLJ″= 4D3/2, 4D5/2, 4F5/2, 4F7/2, and 5S1/2, each for J = J′ =1/2 and 3/2. At high sodium densities, the 3P states are populated in nearly statistical ratios, the ratios of the k(nLJ″)(1/2,3/2) relative to k5S(3/2,3/2) are obtained.
A STUDY ON THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF THE LITHIUM FERRITE NANOCRYSTALLITES
Authors: YANG HUA  , ZHAO MU-YU  , HAN DE-HUA  , WANG JIAN-PING  , LUO HE-LIE  ,   (1)吉林大学化学系,长春130023; (2)中国科学院物理研究所,北京100080
Published: November 2020

The magnetic properties of lithium ferrite nanocrystallites ranging from 9.1 to 860 nm have been studied. The specific saturation magnetization σs of these nanocrystallites decrease lineally with the nanocrystallite size.The specific magnetization versus temperature curves (T) and M?ssbauer spectra of sample A (diameter D = 860 nm), sample B (D = 11.8 nm) and sample C (D = 9.1 nm) have been measured. It is found that the Curie temperatures of samples B and C are 50℃ lower than that of sample A. From the σ(T) curve of sample C, it seems that sample C consists of two magnetic phases. These phenomena have been discussed with the superparamagnetism and the surface magnetism of sample C.
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTRA OF AlyGa1-yAs/AlxGa1-xAs QUANTUM WELL FOR LASERS
Authors: CHENG WEN-QIN  , CAI LI-HONG  , XIE XIAO-GANG  , WANG WEN-XIN  , HU QIANG  , ZHOU JUN-MING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所,北京100080
Published: November 2020

The photoluminescence spectra of AlyGa1-yAs/AlxGa1-xAs (0<y<0.3) quantum well materials for lasers were measured at room temperature and liquid nidrogen temperature. There are two peaks in the spectra of the materials from which the lasers operated continuously at room temperature were fabricated. The peak on the high energy side was attributed to the recombination of electrons at quasi-Fermi energy level. There was only one wide peak in the spectra of the material the diodes prepared with such material can not be stimulated.
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF MODULATION -DOPED STRAINED In0.60Ga0.40As/In0.52Al0.48As QUANTUM WELLS
Authors: SHEN WEN-ZHONG  , TANG WEN-GUO  , CHANG YONG  , LI ZI-YUAN  , SHEN XUE-CHU  , A. DIMOULAS  ,   (1)Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas,P. O.Box 1527,Heraklion 71110,Crete,Greece; (2)中国科学院红外物理国家重点实验室,上海200083
Published: November 2020

The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the modulation-doped strained In0.60Ga0.40As/In0.52Al0.48As multiple quantum wells (MQW) is reported. In addition to two strong PL peaks related to the recombination between electrons in the first (n = 1), second ( n = 2) subbands and heavy holes in the first ( n = 1) subband, a weak PL shoulder related to the recombination between n = 1 electrons and n = 1 light holes is obsevered at low temperatures. We demonstrate that the main mechanism of the decrease in radiative QW recombination efficiency is due to the carrier trapping on the misfit dislocations, based on the temperature and excitation power dependence of the PL peak intensity and energy and the steady-state PL model.
PRODUCTION AND DETECTION OF SCHRDINGER CAT STATE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE EVOLUTION OF JAYNES-CUMMINGS MODEL
Authors: WANG XIAO-GUANG  ,   东北师范大学理论物理研究所,长春130024
Published: November 2020

In this article, we have studied how to generate macroscopic quantum superposition states in electromagnetic field, the Schrodinger cat states, from the large-detuning degenerate Raman process and the large-detuning two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model. The homodyne detection of these states is also discussed. When the initial state of the field is the Schrodinger cat state, the effects of the cat state on the collapse and revival phenomena in the intensity-dependent Jaynes-Cummings model are investigated. The revival in varying degrees occurs in the collapse region resulted from the evolution of initial coherent state.
APPLICATION OF CENTRE MANIFOLD THEORY IN GENERALIZED MAXWELL-BLOCH LASER EQUATIONS
Authors: WANG KAI-GE  , WANG YU-LONG  , SUN YIN-GUAN  ,   北京师范大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The generalized Maxwell-Bloch equations are reduced via the centre-manifold theory inthe good cavity limit. In comparison with the adiabatic elimination technique, it causes asmall correction. The numerical results show that the correction does not change the main dy-namical behavior or the system.
MORPHOLOGY AND GROWTH DEFECTS OF C60 CRYSTALS
Authors: ZHOU WEI-YA  , XIE SI-SHEN  , WANG GANG  , QIAN SHENG-FA  , MAO JIAN-MIN  , DING XUE-ZHOU  , LI NAN  , FU CHUN-SHENG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所,北京100080
Published: November 2020

Millimeter-sized C60 single crystals with regular, shiny and smooth faces were grown from vapor phase. The structure of C60 crystals was confirmed to be face-centered-cubic (fcc, a = 1. 4199(4) nm) by X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The morphologies and growth defects were studied by both the scanning electron microscope and the optical microscope. In addition to the typical stable {111} and {200} faces and twins for fcc crystals, we also observed the dentrites,ridge like defects and growth hillocks on {111} faces and dentrites,growth hillocks and swimming-pool-like defects on {200} faces. The morphologies appeared were compared with the theoretical equilibrium forms. The mechanism of the formation of the growth defects were analysed. The effects of growth conditions on the growth morphology of C60 crystals were discussed. These results will be helpful for the investigation or the growth mechanism of C60 single crystals by vapor transport method.
DEEP LEVELS AND FREE-CARRIER COMPENSATION IN NITROGEN-IMPLANTED GaAs
Authors: CHEN KAI-MAO  , JIN SI-XUAN  , JIA YONG-QIANG  , QIU SU-JUAN  , LU YU-NAN  , HE MEI-FEN  , LIU HONG-FEI  ,   (1)北京大学物理系,北京100871; (2)北京有色金属研究总院,北京100088; (3)电子工业部13所,石家庄050051
Published: November 2020

This work presents a detailed study of deep and shallow level defects in nitrogen implanted n-type GaAs. Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements show four electron traps and one hole trap in 140 keV nitrogen implanted GaAs after a dose of 1×1013cm-2 and a thermal annealing at 800℃ for 30 min: E1(0.111) ,E2(0.234) ,E3(0.415) ,E4(0.669) ,and H(0.545). Meanwhile,only E4 and H(0.545) defects are observed in 10 keV nitrogen-implanted GaAs after a dose of 5×1014cm-2 and the same annealing treatment. It oncluded that E2 and E3 correspond to the damages due to the high-energy implantation, E4 may be complex of intrinsic defect and implantation damage, H(0.545)is a nitrogen-related deep-level and may contribute to the free-carrier compensation in the nitrogen-implanted n-type GaAs.
EECTRON TUNNELING PHENOMENA IN IRON OXIDES STUDIED WITH SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY AT 4. 2K
Authors: WANG CHEN  ,   华中师范大学物理系,武汉430070
Published: November 2020

We have used STM to investigate the electron tunneling spectroscopy, as well as the tunneling barrier heights,in two kinds of iron oxides prepared differently on iron single crystal surfaces. The experimental results agree reasonably well with that of calculation employing stationary state tunneling method, and show that the iron oxide formed under ambient temperature (type Ⅰ) is mainly consisted of Fe3O4, while the surface processed by flash oxidation (type Ⅱ) should be consisted of high barrier oxides, most likely Fe2O3. Therefore, STM could be used to study various stages of surface oxidation on iron single crystal surfaces. The results aslo indicate that STM could be applied to study a range of metal oxides, and it is possible to investigate the internal structures of certain metal oxides possessing low barrier heights characteristics.
THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES STUDIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 ALLOY
Authors: LIU TAO  , XU ZU-XIONG  , MA RU-ZHANG  , JI SONG  , YANG GUO-BIN  ,   (1)北京科技大学材料科学与工程系,北京100083; (2)北京科技大学材料物理系,北京100083
Published: November 2020

The Mossbauer spectra were measured at room temperature for the nanocrystalline Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 alloys at the as-cast state and the anneals at various temperatures. The results of measurements demonstrate the co-existence of the α-Fe(Si) nanocrystalline phase and interficial amorphous phase in the crystallized alloys. The variations of the hyperfine field and relative areas of these phases with the annealing temperature are attributed to the annealing-induced diffusion of Cu,Mo, B and their redistributions in these phases.30 percent of iron contained in the amorphous phase was found and this state of affairs corresponds to the best magnetic properties. The two-phase, disordered anisotropy model makes clear, that a certain amount of amorphous phase was essential to the excellent soft magnetic properties of nanocrystalline alloys. The deterioration of the properties is due to the existence of Fe2B phase .
THE DIFFERENCE OF TWO KINDS OF F COLOR CENTERS IN PHOTOSIMULATION READOUT PROCESS OF BaFCl:Eu2+ PHOSPHORS
Authors: WANG YONG-SHENG  , ZHANG XUE-QIANG  , ZHANG GUANG-YIN  , LIU JIAN  , LI ZENG-FA  , LI JIA  , XIONG GUANG-NAN  , XU ZHENG  , XU XU-RONG  , WANG JI-YOU  ,   (1)北方交通大学物理系,北京100044; (2)华北水利电力学院,郑州450045; (3)南开大学物理系,天津300071; (4)天津理工学院材料物理研究所,天津300191
Published: November 2020

The photostimulated luminescence(PSL) of BaFCl:Eu2+ after ultraviolet irradiation is investigated. The photostimulation spectra after UV-irradiation are measured when we change irradiation temperature between 10 and 300 K. Meanwhile the dependence of PSL intensity of two kinds F-color centers on photostimulation temperature is studied, and the reasons which cause the difference of photostimulation spectra are analysed.
PERTURBATION METHOD IN THE SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR STANDING WAVES
Authors: MA DA-YOU  ,   中国科学院声学研究所,北京100080
Published: November 2020

In the history, perturbation method was unsuccessful in the solution of nonlinear standing waves. This problem is reviewed. It is apparent that the first order solution of the wave equation for standing wave by the perturbation method gives the basic solution, determining the basic wave form of the standing wave. The second and higher order solutions modify the time - dependent motion of the particle at different points on the wave form due to the nonlinearity, and hence only the time derivatives of the higher order quantities should be preserved. The results thus obtained are stable and essentially agree to the exact solution of the wave equation.
INTERFACIAL REACTION OF Ti AND SAPPHIRE
Authors: GU QUAN  , WANG YOU-XIAGN  , CUI YU-DE  , CHEN XIN  , TAO KUN  ,   (1)清华大学材料研究所,北京100084; (2)中国科学院半导体研究所,北京100083;中国科学院表面物理国家重点实验室,北京100080
Published: November 2020

A 500 nm titanium film was deposited on a polished (1102) oriented sapphire (α-A12O3) substrate using electron beam evaporation under ultra high vacuum conditions. Isothermal furnace annealing has been used to cause the solid-state reaction between Ti film and sapphire substrate. Inter-facial reaction of Ti/α-Al2O3 was studied in detail from room temperature (RT) to 850 ℃ using XRD (including general and low incident angle X-ray diffractions), AES (Auger electron spec-troscopy, including the depth profile and the shape analysis of Auger spectra across the interface) and SIMS (Secondary ion mass spectrometry) etc. surface analysis techniques. It was found that at RT and after 300℃ 30 min. annealing, Al2O3 was reduced by titanium to produce metallic A1 accumulated at the interface. After 600 ℃ 30 min. annealing, Ti3Al and TiO2 were formed. After 850 ℃ 30 min annealing , the amount of Ti3A1 is increased with the temperature, at meantime the new phases of a number of titanium oxides(TixOy)and Al2TiO5(Al2O3·TiO2) were detected. After 850℃ 4 h annealing, it indicates that apart from the phases described above, Ti2Al and TiAl3 were formed. We suggest the chemical equations of reaction corresponding to the different temperature zones and discuss the limitation of the prediction from thermodynamic consideration by using bulk material data.
HYDROGEN ADSORPTION INDUCED PHASE TRANSITIONS ON Si(100) STUDIED BY LEED
Authors: HU XIAO-MING  , LIN ZHANG-DA  ,   中国科学院表面物理国家重点实验室,北京100080
Published: November 2020

Phase transitions on a clean reconstructed Si(100)-c(8×8) surface induced by atomic hydrogen adsorption at different temperatures have been studied using low energy electron diffraction (LEED) . It has been found that: at liquid nitrogen temperature, successive dosing of atomic hydrogen cause the surface go through a series of phase transitions from c(8×8)to(4×l)-H to(2×l)-H and finally to (1×1)- H. At different temperatures from 700×3 down to room temperature, successive saturation doses of atomic hydrogen can induce phase transitions from c(8×8)to c(4×4)-H to (2×1)-H and finally to(1×1)-H.
TRANSIENT DECAY OF PHOTOEXCITED CARRIERS AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE EFFICIENCY IN QUANTUM WELLS
Authors: JIN SHI-RONG  , LI AI-ZHEN  , CHU JUN-HAO  , CHEN SHI-WEI  ,   (1)中国科学院上海技术物理研究所红外物理国家重点实验室; (2)中国科学院上海冶金研究所信息功能材料国家重点实验室
Published: November 2020

We present a phenomenological model for the recombination of photoexcited carriers in quantum wells,which takes into account of the nonradiative recombination and the screening effect of free carriers in the wells.The results show,that the decay time of photoluminescence is strongly related to the sample quality,doping level,as well as the excitation intensity.
SELF CONTROL FEEDBACK SYNCHRONIZATION OF CHAOS BYCOUPLING-DRIVING IN ACOUSTO-OPTIC BISTABLE SYSTEM
Authors: LIU JIN-GANG  , SHEN KE  , ZHOU LI-WEI  ,   (1)北京理工大学工程光学系; (2)北京理工大学工程光学系;长春光机学院理学分院; (3)长春光机学院理学分院
Published: November 2020

The paper proposes theoretically the method of chaos synchronization by self-controlled feedback coupling-driving,and studies numerically on the condition of chaotic synchronization in two Bragg acousto-optic bistable (AOB) systems. The maximum conditional Lyapunov exponent (MCLE) are considered as the criteria of synchronization. It is found that one can gain the chaotic outputs synchronized of the two systems if one system is coupling-driven appropriately by another. When self-controlled feedback on parameter introduced, synchronization can be realized faster and the required minimum stiffness of coupling is decreased. The synchronization is also gained when the effect of noise is considered. The result of experimental test is also given.
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SiNx FILMS DEPOSITED AT LOW TEMPERATURE
Authors: YE CHAO  , NING ZHAO-YUAN  , MA YUN-XIU  , SHEN MING-RONG  , WANG HAO  , GAN ZHAO-QIANG  ,   (1)苏州大学物理科学与技术学院; (2)苏州市第三中学
Published: November 2020

The dielectric properties of SiNx films,which were deposited at low temperature by microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition,have been investigated.The frequency dependence of ε′and ε″ have two kinds of power-law dependence in the frequency range of 5—106Hz due to the fractal structure in nanometer-sized amorphous films.The relationship between ε′and ωn－11 with n1=0.82—0.88- due to electron hopping are obtained at low frequency region,and the relationship between ε′ and- ωn－12 with n2=0.05 due to the fractal structure conduction are- obtained at high frequency region.