bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Nation-Level Institutions on Acquisition Premiums: A Cross-Country Comparative Study
Authors: Li Chengguang , Haleblian Jerayr (John)
Published: May 2021

We build on neo-institutional theory to examine the manner in which nation-level institutions systematically affect domestic acquisitions—that is, acquisitions involving acquirers and targets from the same country. Specifically, we study in what way premiums are influenced through a set of cognitive, normative, and regulatory forces. In terms of cognitive pressures, we theorize that prior premium decisions of industry peers in the same country influence focal acquisition premiums, since prior premium decisions serve as reference frames for firms. In addition, we posit that normative forces in the form of the national cultural values of uncertainty avoidance, future orientation, and in-group collectivism affect bid premiums, as these factors influence the manner in which firms deal with the uncertainty, payoff time, and merger of groups inherent to acquisitions. Furthermore, we propose that a country’s regulatory pressures through its disclosure requirements influence premiums, since they reduce information asymmetries and affect a firm’s confidence in assessing its potential gains from acquisitions. Using a sample of domestic acquisitions, we find support for several of the hypotheses. Our work offers a cross-country comparative study of how nation-level institutions affect domestic bid premiums and makes theoretical contributions to acquisition premium research and institutional theory.
Energy budgets for coordinate invariant robot control in physical human–robot interaction
Authors: Lachner Johannes , Allmendinger Felix , Hobert Eddo , Hogan Neville , Stramigioli Stefano
Published: May 2021

In this work we consider the current certification process of applications with physical human–robot interaction (pHRI). Two major hazards are collisions and clamping scenarios. The implementation of safety measures in pHRI applications typically depends strongly on coordinates, e.g., to monitor the robot velocity or to predict external forces. We show that the current certification process does not, in general, guarantee a safe robot behavior. In particular, in unstructured environments it is not possible to predict all risks in advance. We therefore propose to control the energy of the robot, which is a coordinate invariant entity. For an impedance controlled robot, the total energy consists of potential energy and kinetic energy. The energy flow from task description to physical interaction follows a strict causality. We assign a safe energy budget for the robot. With this energy budget, the presented controller auto-tunes its parameters to limit the exchanged kinetic energy during a collision and the potential energy during clamping scenarios. In contact, the robot behaves compliantly and therefore eliminates clamping danger. After contact, the robot automatically continues to follow the desired trajectory. With this approach the number of safety-related parameters to be determined can be reduced to one energy value, which has the potential to significantly speed up the commissioning of pHRI applications. The proposed technique is validated by experiments.
Thrombectomy of symptomatic isolated occlusions of posterior cerebral arteries in segment P1 and P2 in acute stroke treatment
Authors: Altenbernd Jens , Forsting Michael , Weber Werner , Fischer Sebastian
Published: May 2021

Background

Interventional stroke treatments for occlusions of the posterior circulation are established procedures. However, there are limited data on the treatment of isolated symptomatic P1 and P2 occlusions, which we have examined in this study.

Purpose

To investigate the mechanical thrombectomy of distal posterior occlusions

Material and Methods

Retrospectively, data from patients with isolated P1 and P2 occlusions treated with MT were evaluated. Successful reperfusions have been defined as modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarct (mTICI) Grade 2b–3. A good clinical outcome was defined as a 90-day modified Rankin score 0–2.

Results

All 79 treated patients were primarily aspirated. Stent retrievers were used secondarily in nine patients. Successful reperfusion was achieved in 95% of patients. Of the patients, 57% had a favorable clinical outcome after 90 days.

Conclusion

Mechanical thrombectomy with first line aspiration of symptomatic P1 and P2 occlusions is a safe and effective procedure.
Association between interleukin gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to gastric cancer in the Qinghai population
Authors: Song Xiaoyan , Wang Dongmei , Ben Baji , Xiao Chenghua , Bai Liyan , Xiao Han , Zhang Wenyan , Li Wanchao , Jia Jingying , Qi Yujuan
Published: May 2021

Objective

To investigate the associations between interleukin (IL) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to gastric cancer in the Qinghai population, China.

Methods

Patients with gastric cancer and cancer-free controls were enrolled into the study from Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital between September 2016 and September 2018. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped with the Sequenom MassARRAY® SNP genotype system. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in allele and genotype frequencies, and general characteristics between patients with gastric cancer and cancer-free controls, were evaluated using χ2-test. Potential associations between interleukin gene variants and the risk of gastric cancer were analysed by logistic regression.

Results

Among eight candidate SNPs, the allele and genotype frequency distribution of IL-1B rs1143634 polymorphism was significantly different between patients with gastric cancer ( n = 190) and cancer-free controls ( n = 186). The IL-1B rs1143634 GA genotype and IL-1B rs1143634 GA + AA genotype were associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer, however, the remaining SNPs were not statistically associated with gastric cancer risk in the Qinghai population.

Conclusion

The IL-1B rs1143634 polymorphism might be associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer, and may be a protective factor against gastric cancer.
Cognitive orientation to daily occupation group in the adult day rehabilitation setting: A feasibility study
Authors: Zera Sarah M , Preissner Kathy , Fischer Heidi , Stoffel Ashley
Published: May 2021

Introduction

The Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) ApproachTM is a leading approach in occupational therapy. Implementing the CO-OP ApproachTM in a group format in day rehabilitation has not yet been explored.

Method

In day rehabilitation, a barrier to implementing the CO-OP ApproachTM is the group model. To address these challenges, this feasibility study involved the development, implementation, and evaluation of a CO-OP group for adults. Four patients participated in six group sessions. Pre- and post-measures included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Subjective data were collected to reflect the participant’s experiences during the group.

Results

80% of participants recruited completed the group. All participants demonstrated improvement in goals addressed within the group and goals not addressed within the group on the COPM. AMPS findings were inconclusive. Subjective findings indicated participants appreciated the group learning environment, valued the CO-OP process, were motivated to participate, and would have liked more groups.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first adult CO-OP group in a clinical setting. Results support the feasibility of a CO-OP group in day rehabilitation and the need for further examination of the effectiveness of this intervention.
Staff perceptions of military chemical–biological–radiological–nuclear (CBRN) air-purifying masks during a simulated clinical task in the context of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Adamson Steven , Carpenter Hannah , Pang George , Pincus Jason M , Gregory Bryan E , Reade Michael C
Published: May 2021

Air-purifying full-face masks, such as military chemical–biological–radiological–nuclear masks, might offer superior protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 compared to disposable polypropylene P2 or N95 masks. In addition, disposable masks are in short supply, while military chemical–biological–radiological–nuclear masks can be disinfected then reused. It is unknown whether such masks might be appropriate for civilians with minimal training in their use. Accordingly, we compared the Australian Defence Force in-service chemical–biological–radiological–nuclear Low Burden Mask (AirBoss Defense, Newmarket, Canada) with polypropylene N95 masks and non-occlusive glasses worn during simulated tasks performed by civilian clinicians in an Australian tertiary referral hospital intensive care unit. After brief training in the use of the Low Burden Mask, participants undertook a simulated cardiac arrest scenario. Previous training with polypropylene N95 masks had been provided. Evaluation of 10 characteristics of each mask type were recorded, and time to mask application was assessed. Thirty-three participants tested the Low Burden Mask, and 28 evaluated polypropylene N95 masks and glasses. The Low Burden Mask was donned more quickly: mean time 7.0 (standard deviation 2.1) versus 18.3 (standard deviation 6.7) seconds; P = 0.0076. The Low Burden Mask was rated significantly higher in eight of the 10 assessed criteria, including ease of donning, comfort (initially and over a prolonged period), fogging, seal, safety while removing, confidence in protection, and overall. Visibility and communication ability were rated equally highly for both systems. We conclude that this air-purifying full-face mask is acceptable to clinicians in a civilian intensive care unit. It enhances staff confidence, reduces waste, and is likely to be a lower logistical burden during a prolonged pandemic. Formal testing of effectiveness is warranted.
Measuring health-related quality of life in chronic headache: A comparative evaluation of the Chronic Headache Quality of Life Questionnaire and Headache Impact Test (HIT-6)
Authors: Haywood Kirstie L , Achana Felix , Nichols Vivien , Pearce Gemma , Box Barbara , Muldoon Lynne , Patel Shilpa , Griffiths Frances , Stewart Kimberly , Underwood Martin , Matharu Manjit M ,   on behalf of the CHESS Team
Published: May 2021

Objective

To compare the quality and acceptability of a new headache-specific patient-reported measure, the Chronic Headache Quality of Life Questionnaire (CHQLQ) with the six-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), in people meeting an epidemiological definition of chronic headaches.

Methods

Participants in the feasibility stage of the Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS) (n = 130) completed measures three times during a 12-week prospective cohort study. Data quality, measurement acceptability, reliability, validity, responsiveness to change, and score interpretation were determined. Semi-structured cognitive interviews explored measurement relevance, acceptability, clarity, and comprehensiveness.

Results

Both measures were well completed with few missing items. The CHQLQ’s inclusion of emotional wellbeing items increased its relevance to participant’s experience of chronic headache. End effects were present at item level only for both measures. Structural assessment supported the three and one-factor solutions of the CHQLQ and HIT-6, respectively. Both the CHQLQ (range 0.87 to 0.94) and HIT-6 (0.90) were internally consistent, with acceptable temporal stability over 2 weeks (CHQLQ range 0.74 to 0.80; HIT-6 0.86). Both measures responded to change in headache-specific health at 12 weeks (CHQLQ smallest detectable change (improvement) range 3 to 5; HIT-6 2.1).

Conclusions

While both measures are structurally valid, internally consistent, temporally stable, and responsive to change, the CHQLQ has greater relevance to the patient experience of chronic headache. Trial registration number: ISRCTN79708100. Registered 16th December 2015, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN79708100
Validation of a Risk Calculator to Personalize Graft Choice and Reduce Rupture Rates for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Marmura Hana , Getgood Alan M.J. , Spindler Kurt P. , Kattan Michael W. , Briskin Isaac , Bryant Dianne M.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs) fail at an alarmingly high rate in young active individuals. The Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network (MOON) knee group has developed an autograft risk calculator that uses patient characteristics and lifestyle to predict the probability of graft rupture if the surgeon uses a hamstring tendon (HT) or a bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) graft to reconstruct the ligament. If validated, this risk calculator can be used during the shared decision-making process to make optimal ACLR autograft choices and reduce rupture rates. The STABILITY 1 randomized clinical trial offers a large, rigorously collected data set of similar young active patients who received HT autograft with or without lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) for ACLR.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose was to validate the ACLR graft rupture risk calculator in a large external data set and to investigate the utility of BPTB and LET for ACLR. We hypothesized that the risk calculator would maintain adequate discriminative ability and calibration in the external STABILITY 1 data set when compared with the initial MOON development data set.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

The model predictors for the risk calculator include age, sex, body mass index, sport played at the time of injury, Marx Activity Score, preoperative knee laxity, and graft type. The STABILITY 1 trial data set was used for external validation. Discriminative ability, calibration, and diagnostic test validity of the model were assessed. Finally, predictor strength in the initial and validation samples was compared.

Results:

The model showed acceptable discriminative ability (area under the curve = 0.73), calibration (Brier score = 0.07), and specificity (85.3%) to detect patients who will experience a graft rupture. Age, high-grade preoperative knee laxity, and graft type were significant predictors of graft rupture in young active patients. BPTB and the addition of LET to HT were protective against graft rupture versus HT autograft alone.

Conclusion:

The MOON risk calculator is a valid predictor of ACLR graft rupture and is appropriate for clinical practice. This study provides evidence supporting the idea that isolated HT autografts should be avoided for young active patients undergoing ACLR.

Registration:

NCT00463099 (MOON); NCT02018354 (STABILITY 1) ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers)
Household Hunger, Poverty, and Childcare in 5 States of Nigeria and Their Impacts on Nutritional Outcomes in Preschool Children
Authors: Manyong Victor M. , Abdoulaye Tahirou , Ojide Makuachukwu , Ogundapo Ademola , Ayoola Gbolagade B. , Dashiell Kenton , Okike Iheanacho
Published: May 2021

This article presents findings from baseline surveys in 5 states of Nigeria to assess the nutritional outcomes on target groups on attaining the UN Sustainable Development Goal 2. The augmented regression technique was applied to analyze data from a sample of 1642 households with at least 1 child under the age of 5 years (U5) and their mothers or caregivers out of a total of 2500 households that were drawn from the 250 enumeration areas of the Nigeria Bureau of Statistics in the 5 states. The results support the growing evidence base that poverty and household hunger are pervasive. The incidence of poverty highlights inequalities among states. The combination of poverty and hunger was mirrored in the damning extent to which all forms of malnutrition coexisted in children U5, particularly during the second year of infancy and among poor households. Evidence from this study points to poor dietary quality of complementary food rather than other childcare practices as majorly responsible for child malnutrition. Child wellness was positively affected by maternal health-seeking behavior but negatively by the poverty probability index of the household. Notably, maternal health-seeking behavior played a more relevant role in child wellness than mothers’ educational attainment.
How Communications That Portray Unhealthy Food Consumption Reduce Food Intake Among Dieters
Authors: Birau Mia M. , Hildebrand Diogo , Werle Carolina O.C.
Published: May 2021

Both regulatory agencies and nonprofit organizations seek to understand how various tactics and appeals contained in food and public health advertisements might influence the food intake of an increasingly dieting-conscious population. This article addresses this important issue by examining how consumers who are concerned with their diets react to rich images of unhealthy food consumption. Results of two experiments show that exposure to food advertisements containing unhealthy food consumption imagery reduces food intake among consumers chronically concerned with dieting, whereas a third experiment shows a similar decrease in intended consumption when a public health advertisement portrays the consumption of unhealthy food. These findings in turn offer guidelines for maximizing the effectiveness of messages that attempt to promote healthy eating habits. In addition, this research provides theoretical contributions to the self-control and mental imagery research domains, which have public policy implications for regulatory agencies and nonprofit organizations.
An Essential but Overlooked Workforce: Elevating the Need to Investigate the Career Development of Paraeducators
Authors: Gist Conra D. , Garcia Amaya , Amos Yukari Takimoto
Published: May 2021

Recent research documents the positive impact that paraprofessionals have on student learning. Given these strengths, states and districts across the country have developed programs to attract and prepare paraprofessionals to become certified teachers. Despite increased interest in expanding pathways for the paraeducator workforce, research has also consistently revealed that paraeducators encounter obstacles along the career development continuum from recruitment, preparation, placement, and induction. Given the professionalization challenges paraeducators face, this special issue introduction highlights paraeducator research studies that describe innovative program design features, draw from and build on paraeducators’ funds of knowledge and community cultural wealth, and identify organizational structures in schools essential to supporting paraeducators’ development. We conclude with a recommended set of three core commitments for program designers, researchers, policy makers, or community and school district leaders dedicated to ensuring equitable paraeducator professional pathways in the educator workforce.
Barriers to the Successful Mentoring of Faculty of Color
Authors: Davis Tangier M. , Jones Martinque K. , Settles Isis H. , Russell Paulette Granberry
Published: May 2021

Mentoring is important for career success and has been suggested to promote the advancement of faculty of color (FOC). However, some mentoring experiences may be negative and impede faculty’s success. Building upon social cognitive career theory (SCCT), the current study examines whether FOC perceive challenges around receiving mentoring and applies an intersectional lens to assess whether these challenges vary by race/ethnicity and gender. We interviewed 118 tenure-track FOC from a predominantly White, research-intensive institution. We found that FOC experienced four mentoring challenges: negative mentoring experiences, difficulty finding mentors, insufficient institutional support for formal mentoring, and lack of post-tenure mentorship among tenured faculty. We also found that Black and Latinx women were most likely to describe barriers to mentoring whereas Asian and Black men reported the fewest. We discuss the implications of our findings within the framework of SCCT, along with potential interventions that may increase positive mentoring experiences for FOC.
Ozone Therapy in the Prevention of Dental Plaque Formation in Dogs
Authors: Abreu-Villela Paula , Ferraro Mario , Rodrigues Renata R. , Ferro Daniel G. , Fantoni Denise T. , Koh Ivan Hong Jun , Gioso Marco Antonio
Published: May 2021

This study aims to assess ozonized mineral oil ointment application as an antiplaque therapy for dogs. Domestic healthy dogs received dental scaling and polishing under general anesthesia. Under standard feeding and homecare during 7 days, 20 dogs were randomly placed into 2 different groups for dental treatment. The control group (CG) was given a single placebo application and the ozone group (O3G) received daily ozonized ointment application. The average age (CG = 4.4; O3G = 5.7 years old), body weight (CG = 15.7; O3G = 15.3 kg) and the gingivitis index obtained on the first day (D0) allowed initial homogeneity between the groups. The dental plaque index, including clinical and computerized analysis on the seventh day, was obtained from the buccal aspect of specific dental locations. Both analyses revealed significant statistical association between daily application of ozone and antiplaque effect. There was no evidence of toxicity during the study. These results suggest that ozone therapy may be an efficient adjuvant to conventional periodontal treatment in decreasing initial dental plaque formation.
The Development of Historic Tourism Strategies Based on Millennial Preferences: A Case Study of Semarang Old City, Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Suzanna Ratih , Hilmy Muhammad Fariz , Werdiningsih Hermin , Hendro Eko Punto
Published: May 2021

Historical areas are one of the alternative tourism destinations in Semarang City. The most attractive and popular spot is the Semarang Old City, which is presently being prepared to become a World Heritage based on the beauty, authenticity and environmental attraction of the colonial buildings as well as the fascinating history of the area. However, most millennials prefer more recreational activities such as taking pictures, riding bicycles, sightseeing and enjoying the culinary surroundings without showing any interest in the history of the Old City. The potential importance of these millennials to the tourism market of this area requires the accommodation of their ever-changing needs. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to study young people’s perspectives and preferences towards historical tourist destinations such as the Old City. This involved the application of the qualitative method to examine the characteristics, preferences and motivations of millennials travelling in historic tourism areas through observation and interview millennials. The findings of this study were expected to be used in setting up some strategies to overcome the inherent problems of historic site tourism and also to satisfy the needs of the tourists, especially the millennials.
Dynamic analysis and optimization of a cantilevered beam with both the acoustic black hole and the nonlinear energy sink
Authors: He Meng-Xin , Tang Ye , Ding Qian
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a study of dynamics analysis and optimization of a nonlinear cantilevered beam with the combination of the acoustic black hole (ABH) and the nonlinear energy sink (NES). We establish the nonlinear equations of a cantilevered beam with both the ABH and a NES. Then, we conduct sensitivity analysis of the parameters of the NES for a further understanding. To discover the potential of the NES efficiency, we define a multi-objective optimization problem and solve it by using cell mapping method. The numerical results show that the nonlinear ABH beam with the optimal NES can dissipate 97.7% of the input energy due to the energy concentration capability of the ABH and the irreversible energy transfer behavior of the NES.
Centering Social Justice in Mental Health Practice: Epistemic Justice and Social Work Practice
Authors: Johnstone Marjorie
Published: May 2021

This article examines how mental health social work practice can move outside the hegemony of the medical model using approaches that honor the centering of social justice. By using the philosophical analysis of epistemic injustice and the ethics of knowing, I move out of the traditional psychiatric and psychological conceptual frameworks and discuss new guiding principles for practice. In the context of the radical tradition in social work and the impetus to blend theory with practice, I consider the use of narrative and anti-oppressive approaches to center social justice principles in individual dyadic work as well as in wider systems family and community work and policy advocacy. I evaluate these approaches through the principles of epistemic justice and discuss the importance of a relational collaborative approach where honoring the client and exploring lived experience are central to both the concepts of testimonial justice, hermeneutic justice and anti-oppressive practice.
Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics Remote Instruction for Students With Disabilities
Authors: Taylor Jonté C. , Hwang Jiwon
Published: May 2021

The need for all students to have science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) experiences has translated into research examinations of what strategies and practices work in learning STEAM-related concepts and ideas. Through research, effective frameworks, strategies, and additional considerations have been identified for teaching and learning STEAM for students with learning disabilities and emotional/behavioral disorders. Along with understanding how to apply teaching and learning frameworks and using specific strategies for science, technology, engineering, the arts, and mathematics, the authors provide details on how to differentiate instruction for remote teaching.
Inclusive Leadership: How Leaders Sustain or Discourage Work Group Inclusion
Authors: Shore Lynn M. , Chung Beth G.
Published: May 2021

Research on leader inclusion has continued to proliferate. However, most of the research has not focused on the importance of leader inclusion for employees with marginalized social identities. Based on Shore, Randel, Chung, Dean, Ehrhart, and Singh's (2011) model of work group inclusion consisting of fulfillment of needs for belongingness and value in uniqueness, we describe four different leadership orientations including leader inclusion, exclusion, assimilation, and differentiation. Three psychological mechanisms that result when employees feel included by the leader are discussed, consisting of psychological safety, psychological empowerment, and work group identification. While leader inclusion has been shown to be beneficial to employees generally, this article provides increased attention to the particular importance of leader inclusion for employees who are members of marginalized social identity groups.
Terapia Filial: Filial Therapy With Hispanic and Latinx Clients
Authors: Rodriguez Chanel Shahnami , Smith Ashley Devon
Published: May 2021

Filial therapy (FT) has often been stated as an approach that can address the multicultural considerations of a variety of populations, in which parents are given the tools to strengthen their bonds with their child. This article describes counselors using FT as it applies to Hispanic and Latinx clients in the United States. Common cultural considerations are essential to consider when using FT with Hispanic and Latinx clients. The purpose of this article is to inform counselors about common values in the Hispanic and Latinx culture; application of FT with Hispanic and Latinx clients; and ethical, legal, and multicultural considerations when working with these populations.
Wet milling of buckwheat cultivars and some quality properties of the fractions
Authors: Arslan Ayşenur , Haros Claudia Monika , Yalçın Erkan , Güneş Ahmet
Published: May 2021

The hulled buckwheat cultivars ( Aktaş cv. and Güneş cv.) were wet-milled, and then some chemical, yields, colour, functional properties, phenolic compound, antioxidant activity, and pasting, thermal and retrogradation properties of starches were investigated and compared with the wholegrain buckwheat flour (with hull) and buckwheat groat flour (without hull) of the same cultivars. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns of flours and protein fractions were examined under reducing and non-reducing conditions. The hull, germ+dietary fibre, protein and starch fractions were collected. The total recovery for Aktaş cv. and Güneş cv. cultivars were 98.1% and 96.1%; total starch yields were 51.6% and 49.7%; pasting temperatures of the starches were found as 83.7 and 85.7°C; and final viscosities of starches were determined as 3.5 and 3.4 Pa·s, respectively. The resistant starch contents of starch fractions of Aktaş cv. ve Güneş cv. were found as 3.28% and 3.62%, respectively. The highest total phenolic compound contents were detected with dimethyl sulphoxide extraction in the germ+dietary fibre fractions. The highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity were found in the hull fraction (as 81.7%) and germ+dietary fibre fraction (as 11.8 mmol/kg) of Aktaş cv. cultivar.
Consumers on the Job: Contextualization Crafting in Expert Services
Authors: Azzari Courtney Nations , Anderson Laurel , Mende Martin , Jefferies Josephine Go , Downey Hilary , Ostrom Amy L. , Spanjol Jelena
Published: May 2021

Tasked with a greater role in the coproduction of expert services, consumers often face an immense burden in coproducing service and well-being outcomes. While some prior research has explored customer work, we delineate unique aspects of expert services and articulate consumer efforts that transpire outside the dyadic service interaction. Through netnographic inquiry in a health care context, we find that coproduction efforts are job-like and require job crafting efforts. Upon this foundation, three major themes emerged: (1) consumers leverage their context expertise by adapting content expertise to their unique circumstances, (2) consumers develop and deploy strategies (hacks) through affordances in order to manage their coproduction jobs, and (3) consumers move through the expert service journey in a variety of ways that shift them toward or away from well-being outcomes. After assessing the transferability of our results by analyzing a second expert service context (financial services/debt management), we suggest implications for theory, practice, and future research.
Pelvic and Lumbar Pain Revealing Bone Sarcoidosis: A Case Report
Authors: Charifi Yahya , Dkhissi Younes , Haloua Meryem , Alaoui Lamrani Youssef , Berrady Ghizlane , Boubbou Meryem , Amarti Afaf , Maaroufi Mustapha , Alami Badreeddine
Published: May 2021

A 54-years-old woman suffered from a bilateral pelvic and lumbar pain. She had a systemic investigation shows a diffuse bone lesions. A biopsy of iliac bone was done and revealed sarcoidosis. Bony manifestations of sarcoidosis are rare and challenging to diagnose. Our report shows that MRI with diffusion weighted sequences is a simple and non invasive technique to evaluate bone infiltration. It helps to distinguish inflammatory disease from metastatic lesions and to guide the osseous biopsy. Moreover, fluorodeoxyglucose PET scan, are useful in establishing the extent of damage and measuring disease activity.
The effects of centralizing cancer surgery on postoperative mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grilli Roberto , Violi Federica , Bassi Maria Chiara , Marino Massimiliano
Published: May 2021

Objectives

To review the evidence of the effects of centralization of cancer surgery on postoperative mortality.

Methods

We searched Medline, Embase, Cinahl, Cochrane and Scopus (up to November 2019) for studies that (i) assessed the effects of centralization of cancer surgery policies on in-hospital or 30-day mortality, or (ii) described changes in both postoperative mortality for a surgical intervention and degree of centralization using reduction in the number of hospitals or increases in the proportion of patients undergoing cancer surgery at high volume hospitals as proxy. PRISMA guidelines were followed. We estimated pooled odds ratios (OR) and conducted meta-regression to assess the relationship between degree of centralization and mortality.

Results

A total of 41 studies met our inclusion criteria of which 15 evaluated the effect of centralization policies on postoperative mortality after cancer surgery and 26 described concurrent changes in the degree of centralization and postoperative mortality. Policy evaluation studies mainly used before-after designs (n = 13) or interrupted time series analysis (n = 2), mainly focusing on pancreatic, oesophageal and gastric cancer. All but one showed some degree of reduction in postoperative mortality, with statistically significant effects demonstrated by six studies. The pooled odds ratio for centralization policy effect was 0.68 (95% Confidence interval: 0.54–0.85; I2 = 80%). Meta-regression analysis of the 26 descriptive studies found that an increase of the proportion of patients treated at high volume hospitals was associated with greater reduction in postoperative mortality.

Conclusions

Centralization of cancer surgery is associated with reduced postoperative mortality. However, existing evidence tends to be of low quality and estimates of the effect size are likely inflated. There is a need for prospective studies using more robust approaches, and for centralization efforts to be accompanied by well-designed evaluations of their effectiveness.
Musical resistance and musical bodies in the making: A worker-band from southern China
Authors: Huang Vincent Guangsheng
Published: May 2021

This study explores the role of the body in the making of a migrant worker-band and the potential for musical production and performance activities to reshape workers’ cultural subjectivities. A framework of reflexive embodiment is used to understand how musical production and performance activities shape the cultural subjectivities of migrant workers through three bodily processes: body as text/text as body, body as instrument and body in performance. By highlighting the bodily dimension, this article seeks to broadly engage with and advance scholarship on the nexus between cultural practices and the formation of working-class subjectivity, and to specifically enrich our understanding of the migrant workers in contemporary China. This alternative musical practice is a form of ‘musical resistance’ that is not only culturally remaking working-class bodies but also providing cultural resources for the solidarity of the working-class community.
Directors’ duties, CSR and the tragedy of the commons in India: Mutual coercion mutually agreed upon
Authors: Mandal Rudresh
Published: May 2021

This article argues that humanity is locked into a system culminating in the tragedy of the commons (ToC), and swift action is required to course-correct. Undeniably, companies are the single-largest users of natural resources. To that extent, this article puts forward two interrelated proposals on refining directors’ duties under Section 166 of the Indian Companies Act 2013 and CSR under Section 135 to help avert the ToC. Part I of this article outlines Hardin’s theory of the ToC and examines why corporations fit his definition of the self-interested, rational economic agent. Part II analyses the stakeholder theory embedded in the Indian Companies Act 2013 and highlights its enforcement lacunae. It subsequently proposes a new directorial duty to conduct company business in accordance with principles of sustainable development. Thereafter, Part III proceeds to re-conceptualise the notion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Section 135 of the Companies Act 2013 to position CSR as an avenue towards averting the ToC. Part IV concludes. The proposals put forth by this article in Parts II and III do not require paradigm shifts but are consistent with the stakeholder orientation of Indian corporate law, and therefore more easily attainable than most other countries.
The revolution will not be randomized: Universal basic income, randomized controlled trials, and ‘evidence-based’ social policy
Authors: Neuwinger Malte
Published: May 2021

Organizations in various countries have launched large-scale randomized field experiments to evaluate the empirical effects of basic income. Surprisingly, scholars have paid only scarce attention to the way basic income experiments are actually run. To address this shortcoming, I present three case studies of basic income experiments in the Netherlands, Spain, and the United States. I ask: Why do experiments’ designs only remotely resemble the ‘paradigmatic’ model of basic income they are in fact interested in – universal, unconditional, individual payments, no means tests, and no work requirements? Interviewed researchers identify three types of constraints that prevent basic income experiments from successfully testing basic income – politics, money, and the law – which I explain through the mechanism of ‘boundary work’ between science and politics. I conclude by cautioning against overstated expectations about the policy impact of both current and future basic income experiments.
Effect of adaptive control on the LED street luminaire lifetime and on the lifecycle costs of a lighting installation
Authors: Askola J , Kärhä P , Baumgartner H , Porrasmaa S , Ikonen E
Published: May 2021

We report for the first time the effect of ageing due to adaptive control of lighting on the lifecycle costs of luminaire installations. Two types of LED street luminaire were aged (1) as the luminaire lit for 9 hours and then switched off for 3 hours and (2) under intensive ageing using adaptive control conditions mimicking presence of vehicles, where the luminaires were switched with 30-second interval between 100% and 20% power within the cycle of (1). The test continued for 32,000 hours. Luminaire lifetime was found to decrease by 10% due to the intensive adaptive control, which exaggerates the ageing as compared to real traffic conditions. We estimate that a realistic rate of dimming cycles would decrease the luminaire lifetime by 0–2%, increasing the lifecycle costs of a lighting installation by 0–0.7%. With a traffic-aware control system, capable of 50% energy saving in lighting, the lifecycle costs are estimated to reduce by 25% as compared to a similar LED luminaire installation without traffic-aware control, outweighing the costs due to the reduced lifetime. The smart controlling of lighting is considered as a useful way to meet future energy saving targets.
Early Childhood Neglect Among 3- to 6-Year-Old Children in China: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Huiping , Ji Mengmeng , Wang Yang , Xu Shuo , Shi Rui
Published: May 2021

Background:

This review aims to estimate the prevalence of the neglect of 3- to 6-year-old children in China.

Method:

We systematically searched both English- (Web of Science, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Cochrane Library) and Chinese-language databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Weipu, and Biomedical Database). We extracted data related to the prevalence of early childhood neglect and its subtypes and pooled it using random effects models.

Findings:

We included 21 eligible studies, with a total of 35,175 3- to 6-year-old children, in the analyses. The pooled neglect prevalence was 32.1% at a 95% confidence interval (95% CI [27.0%, 37.2%]). The prevalence of physical, emotional, educational, security, and medical neglect was 15.2% (95% CI [11.9%, 18.5%]), 15.2% (95% CI [10.7%, 19.6%]), 10.4% (95% CI [7.4%, 13.4%]), 13.8% (95% CI [9.9%, 17.8%]), and 11.5% (95% CI [8.1%, 14.9%]), respectively. No gender or location differences were found to affect early childhood neglect or its subtypes.

Interpretation:

Our results revealed a high prevalence of early childhood neglect—including all its subtypes—among 3- to 6-year-old children in China. Improved child policies and prevention programs tailored to preschool children are needed to protect the well-being of younger children.
An Integrative Review of Arts-Based Strategies for Addressing Pain and Substance Use Disorder During the Opioid Crisis
Authors: Leis Julie A. , Morrison Colleen I.
Published: May 2021

In October 2017, the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services declared the opioid crisis a national public health emergency and prioritized identifying effective, evidence-based strategies for pain management and the prevention and treatment of substance use disorder (SUD). Increasingly, the arts have become more widely established and accepted as health-promoting practices in the United States and around the world. As the U.S. health care system moves toward greater integration of physical and behavioral health, arts-based interventions should be considered among potential complementary approaches for managing pain and preventing and treating SUD. We conducted an integrative literature review to summarize and synthesize the evidence on the role of the arts in the management of pain and in the prevention and treatment of SUD, including opioid use disorder. The available evidence suggests that music interventions may reduce participants’ pain, reduce the amount of pain medication they take, improve their SUD treatment readiness and motivation, and reduce craving. Few studies examined art forms other than music, limiting the ability to draw conclusions for those art forms. Given the critical need to identify effective strategies for managing pain and preventing and treating SUD, future research on arts-based interventions should examine maintenance of pain management and SUD treatment benefits over time and outcomes related to SUD prevention.
Leveraging Arts for Justice, Equity, and Public Health: The Skywatchers Program and Its Implications for Community-Based Health Promotion Practice and Research
Authors: Epstein Rabbi Nancy E. , Bluethenthal Anne , Visser Deirdre , Pinsky Clara , Minkler Meredith
Published: May 2021

Arts have long addressed the conditions that cause ill health, such as poverty, social inequality, and structural racism, and have recently taken on increased significance for public health. This article illuminates the potential for cross-sector collaboration between community-based health promotion and community-engaged arts to address the social determinants of health and build neighborhood assets at multiple levels of the social-ecological model. It features Skywatchers, a collaborative community arts ensemble of artists and residents of the culturally rich but economically poor Tenderloin neighborhood in San Francisco, California, and its original values-based “relational, durational, conversational, and structural” methodology focused on process over product and leveraging arts for justice and equity. Now, 10 years into its work, Skywatchers offers lessons about building reciprocal relationships, cocreating artworks, and promoting arts-based advocacy to improve the conditions that foster poor health in the neighborhood. The article discusses implications for community-based health promotion practice that delineate commitments and challenges shared between the two fields, their distinct roles and tools, and the potential for more widespread partnerships. It concludes with implications for policy and advocacy and a vision for expanded community-based participatory research to better understand the impact of arts on community health and well-being.
PARTICULATES//Tulips: (Or, Estimating Respiratory Effects of Ambient Air Pollution and COVID-19 Using a Policing-Climate Adjusted Hazard Function)
Authors: Petteway Ryan J.
Published: May 2021

Through poetry, I offer a creative, critical analysis of the intersections of COVID-19, structural racism, and racialized police violence—situating present COVID-19 discourse within a broader historical arc of respiratory distress within communities of color, all while centering Earth Day and climate change as both metaphor and corollary. In doing so, I enact poetry as praxis, reflecting critically on the racialized contexts and consequences of overlapping threats to our health, while simultaneously crafting counternarrative to public health’s ahistoric, apolitical, and racist proclivities in times of public health crises
Changing Health Practices Through Research to Practice Collaboration: The Farm Dinner Theater Experience
Authors: Reed Deborah B. , McCallum Debra , Claunch Deborah T.
Published: May 2021

Production agriculture ranks as one of the most hazardous occupations in the United States, with older producers suffering 3.5 times the fatalities compared with their younger counterparts. Previous interventions have not significantly improved the health or work behaviors of farmers. Through careful collaboration among academics and Cooperative Extension agents, we developed, tested, and expanded a unique educational experience, Farm Dinner Theater (FDT), for farmers aged 45 years and more and their families across three states ( n = 8 communities, 573 participants). More than 50% of the participants made health or safety changes following the theater. Communities requested more theater events, noting the realism and applicability of the content and the engaging atmosphere for discussion. Participants remarked that the theater should be used across all age-groups. The FDT project created a community of “champions” that synergized the initial research project and fostered expansion and sustainability of the intervention. Process evaluation guided refinement of the theater intervention and built trust, respect, and further cooperative work among all collaborators. Members of the FDT partnership have received national recognition and funding to upscale the concept. The number of FDTs has expanded under local leadership. A toolkit that resulted from the project is available to the public and is constantly updated as more adopters contribute insight and scripts. This article describes the collaborative theater concept and demonstrates how sustained translation from research to practice can be accomplished through continued community engagement, collaboration, and outreach.
Addressing Inequity Through Public Health, Community Development, Arts, and Culture: Confluence of Fields and the Opportunity to Reframe, Retool, and Repair
Authors: Jackson Maria Rosario
Published: May 2021

As the public health field deepens its focus on social and environmental determinants of health and, as that field expands its attention to finding allied interests in the community development field, a critical opportunity to better understand the power of arts and culture in pursuit of shared goals has emerged. This is an extraordinary time in which the confluence of public health, community development, and the arts can lead to transformational ways of working, resulting in changes in industry standards in all three fields and most importantly, more healthy, just, and equitable communities. Drawing from 30 years of work to better understand the roles of arts and cultural activity in historically marginalized communities, this article presents reasons for and ways in which these fields can and should be allied. Specifically, it calls attention to gaps in community development and planning that have resulted in the fields’ lack of attention to historic and present harm in the form of often racialized dehumanization. It also draws attention to the role of the arts in the critical collective work of reframing community concerns and conditions, retooling or finding new more effective ways of working toward repair—the redress of historic and current harm experienced in low-income and historically marginalized communities. The essay lifts up the possibility of transformational work and also presents important barriers that must be overcome by stakeholders from all three fields.