bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi RESTful API dalam Pembuatan Master Data Planogram Menggunakan Framework Flask (Studi Kasus: PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya, Tbk)
Authors: Susanti Era
Published: August 2020

Salah satu perusahaan ritel yang sedang berkembang dan merupakan salah satu perusahaan ritel terbesar di Indonesia yaitu Alfamart yang dimiliki oleh PT. Sumber Alfaria Trijaya, Tbk. Alfamart harus memiliki strategi pemasaran yang terbaik serta meningkatkan inovasi demi kepuasan para pelanggan agar dapat bertahan dalam persaingan bisnis yang tinggi. Salah satu strategi dalam meningkatkan pemasaran yaitu penataan display produk yang ada pada toko yang dikenal dengan planogram. Planogram merupakan suatu konsep yang digunakan dalam perencanaan penataan dan penempatan produk sesuai dengan kategori tertentu berdasarkan kebiasaan belanja konsumen yang bertujuan meningkatkan penjualan pada ritel. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat aplikasi master data planogram berbasis web menggunakan framework Flask dengan bahasa pemrograman python. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah RESTful API yaitu implementasi dari web service yang bekerja melalui link HTTP. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah aplikasi master data berbasis web yang dapat digunakan oleh user dalam memasukkan data-data yang dibutuhkan dalam pembuatan planogram.Kata Kunci : RESTful API, Python Flask, Planogram
Analisis Perilaku Non Playable Character (Npc) Pada Game Menggunakan Fuzzy Sugeno
Authors: Nurhasan Usman
Published: August 2020

Game merupakan sarana hiburan dan memungkinkan untuk  dijadikan sebagai sarana informasi. Game yang baik adalah game yang memiliki otomasi dalam menentukan perilaku NPC didalamnya. NPC harus dapat bergerak secara dinamis sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan metode logika Fuzzy Sugeno untuk mengatur perilaku NPC. Terdapat 2 jenis NPC yang ada pada game ini yaitu tipe jarak dekat dan jarak jauh. Dalam mengatur NPC ini memiliki parameter input fuzzy yaitu jarak antara pemain dan npc, damage npc, kecepatan gerak npc, dan nyawa npc. Penerapan fuzzy dalam permainan ini telah berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan rules yang telah ditentukan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan melakukan percobaan pada 24 variasi rule fuzzy, hasil yang defuzzyfikasi yang didapatkan adalah 100% dan sesuai dengan perancangan rule. Implementasi engine fuzzy dalam aplikasi game juga berjalan dengan baik. Ujicoba dilakukan pada 30 kondisi dengan berbagai variasi value pada variabel, aplikasi mengeluarkan output yang benar sesuai dengan rule yang telah ditetapkan. Dari variasi pengujian tersebut, 53% NPC akan bergerak mendekati player dan 47% NPC akan diam.
Tren Milenial Memilih Jurusan Di Perguruan Tinggi Menggunakan Metode Social Network Analysis
Authors: Febrianti Indri , Anam M Khairul , Rahmiati Rahmiati , Tashid Tashid
Published: August 2020

Perguruan tinggi merupakan jenjang pendidikan yang tertinggi diindonesia. Perguruan tinggi di Indonesia memiliki banyak jurusan atau program studi akan tetapi hampir seluruhnya memiliki program studi yang sama. Calon mahasiswa yang akan masuk perguruan tinggi pada saat ini lebih kenal dengan sebutan generasi milenial. Twitter merupakan media social yang sering digunakan oleh generasi milenial, pihak perguruan tinggi harus bisa memanfaatkan celah yang ada dari media sosial dengan cara melihat dan mengamati minat generasi milenial saat ini. Akan tetapi permasalahan yang dihadapi perguruan tinggi tidak dapat memanfaatkan media sosial dengan efektif dan tidak mengetahui keinginan calon mahasiswa, sehingga banyaknya mahasiswa yang putus kuliah karena skill yang mereka punya tidak dapat disalurkan dengan baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Social Network Analysis (SNA) agar dapat diaplikasikan untuk menganalisa dan memberikan informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh perguruan tinggi mengenai jurusan yang sedang tren di kalangan generasi milenial. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu jurusan yang sering mendapatkan nilai tertinggi adalah teknik informatika dengan hasil lima dari tujuh nilai tertinggi dalam perhitungan properti jaringan.dari hasil yang telah didapatkan perguruan tinggi yang memiliki jurusan teknik informatika bisa memanfaatkan media social dengan melihat minat calon mahasiswa dalam memilih matakuliah di jurusan teknik informatika.
Sports Television and the Continuing Search for Alternative Programming
Authors: Buehler Branden
Published: August 2020

The American sports television industry has scrambled to adjust to the loss of live sporting events in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic – a scramble clearly evidenced in programming schedules suddenly filled with replays of older event telecasts. However, rather than focus on the apparent novelty of this type of substitute coronavirus programming, this article instead argues that the loss of live sporting events represents the amplification of a problem television networks have already been grappling with for years: how to fill an ever greater number of outlets with sufficient year-round programming given a finite amount of live events. That in mind, this article proposes that many of the programming strategies that networks have turned to in the midst of the pandemic, including the expanded coverage of transactions (e.g. coverage of NFL free agency) and the increased scheduling of documentaries (e.g. The Last Dance), have been familiar extensions of previously established alternative programming solutions.
A NEW CONTINUED FRACTION OF GOLDEN RATIO AND SOME GENERALISATIONS: A VISUAL APPROACH
Authors: Khanra Palash
Published: August 2020

In this article we made an attempt to connect Geometry and Number Theory in a very much interesting and beautiful way. The most irrational number turns out to be a number already known in geometry. It is Golden ratio i.e. Phi . The continued fraction representation of an irrational is unique.This article introduces Palash’s fraction ,which is a new continued fraction of Phi. Palash’s fraction is equal to Phi upto 12 decimal places. Here, we uses a recursive formula to show the convergence. The diagram gives a visualisation of convergence and shows that how Palash’s fraction is going to be an approximation of Golden ratio. Here, we suggests a generalized form of a special type of recursive continued fraction, to visualise it perfectly. In this paper we shows how Palash’s Fraction links with Fibonacci numbers and Fibonacci sequence.
Mathematical Modelling of Gimballed Tilt-Rotors for Real-Time Flight Simulation
Authors: Abà Anna , Barra Federico , Capone Pierluigi , Guglieri Giorgio
Published: August 2020

This paper introduces a novel gimballed rotor mathematical model for real-time flight simulation of tilt-rotor aircraft and other vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) concepts, which improves the previous version of a multi-purpose rotor mathematical model developed by ZHAW and Politecnico di Torino as part of a comprehensive flight simulation model of a tilt-rotor aircraft currently implemented in the Research and Didactics Simulator of ZHAW and used for research activities such as handling qualities studies and flight control systems development. In the novel model, a new formulation of the flapping dynamics is indroduced to account for the gimballed rotor and better suit current tilt-rotor designs (XV-15, V-22, AW-609). This paper describes the mathematical model and provides a generic formulation as well as a specific one for 3-blades proprotors. The method expresses the gimbal attitude but also considers the variation of each blade’s flapping due to the elasticity of the blades, so that the rotor coning angle can be represented. A validation of the mathematical model is performed against the available literature on the XV-15 Tilt-rotor aircraft and a comparison between the previous model is provided to show the improvements achieved. The results show a good correlation between the model and the reference data and the registered performance allow real-time flight simulation with pilot and hardware in the loop.
Soybean Response to Weather and Climate Conditions in the Krasnodar and Primorye Territories of Russia over the Past Decades
Authors: Novikova Liubov Yu. , Bulakh Pavel P. , Nekrasov Alexander Yu. , Seferova Irina V.
Published: August 2020

In view of climate change and the active extension of soybean cultivation in Russia, the identification of yield-limiting factors has become a relevant task. The objective of this study was to identify the climatic factors associated with the variation in soybean productivity under the contrasting eco-geographical conditions of the Krasnodar (KR) and Primorye (PR) territories of Russia. An analysis of 424 soybean varieties from the global collection of the N.I. Vavilov Institute (VIR) at experimental stations in KR and PR in 1987–2005 showed that the soybean yields were higher and time to maturity was longer in KR than in PR, while the 1000 seed weight, on average, was irrelevant to the place of cultivation. The agrometeorological regression models of the observations in 1972–2017 of varieties accepted as the standards showed that the yield in PR was positively related to the sum of the temperatures above 10 °C and negatively related to precipitation in October, while in KR it was positively related to the hydrothermal coefficient. The stability of the soybean yield and of the time to maturity were higher in PR than in KR. Under the conditions of increasing temperatures and the absence of reliable trends for precipitation, a lack of moisture becomes a significant disadvantage for soybean in KR, while in PR conditions are improving.
Statistical Optimization of Urinary Organic Acids Analysis by a Multi-Factorial Design of Experiment
Authors: Pazzi Marco , Colella Sara , Alladio Eugenio , Puccinelli M. Paola , Mengozzi Giulio , Medana Claudio
Published: August 2020

The analysis of urinary organic acids is useful for patients suspected to have inborn errors of metabolism known as organic acidurias. These diseases cause an accumulation of organic acids in body fluids and their abnormal excretion in urines. By means of chemometrics tools, such as principal component analysis and multiple linear regression, it was concluded that the conditions used in our laboratory are really the most suitable to achieve high yields of analytes.
Comment on “Calmangafodipir Reduces Sensory Alterations and Prevents Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers Loss in a Mouse Model of Oxaliplatin Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity” Antioxidants 2020, 9, 594
Authors: Stehr Jan Eric , Lundström Ingemar , Karlsson Jan Olof G.
Published: August 2020

We have with enthusiasm read the article “Calmangafodipir Reduces Sensory Alterations and Prevents Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers Loss in a Mouse Model of Oxaliplatin Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity” written by Annalisa Canta, Guido Cavaletti and co-workers and published in Antioxidants [...]
Oscillatory Properties of Odd-Order Delay Differential Equations with Distribution Deviating Arguments
Authors: Muhib Ali , Abdeljawad Thabet , Moaaz Osama , Elabbasy Elmetwally M.
Published: August 2020

Throughout this work, new criteria for the asymptotic behavior and oscillation of a class of odd-order delay differential equations with distributed deviating arguments are established. Our method is essentially based on establishing sharper estimates for positive solutions of the studied equation, using an iterative technique. Moreover, the iterative technique allows us to test the oscillation, even when the related results fail to apply. By establishing new comparison theorems that compare the nth-order equations with one or a couple of first-order delay differential equations, we obtain new conditions for oscillation of all solutions of the studied equation. To show the importance of our results, we provide two examples.
Advanced Hybrid Beamforming Technique in MU-MIMO Systems
Authors: Shim Seong-Joon , Lee Seulgi , Lee Won-Seok , Ro Jae-Hyun , Baik Jung-In , Song Hyoung-Kyu
Published: August 2020

This paper proposes a high performance wireless commmunication technology in MU-MIMO systems. The millimeter wave (mmWave) communication technology was considered for the future wireless communication systems such as the fifth-generation new radio (5G NR). In 5G NR, the mmWave communication technology was studied to increase the use of wide bandwidth and the data rate. Therefore, MU-MIMO systems can be used in mmWave. To decrease the complexity of conventional digital beamforming system, the hybrid beamforming system was studied. In particular, the proposed hybrid beamforming system improves the error performance and average sum rate in partially connected structure (PCS) hybrid beamforming system. The proposed PCS hybrid beamforming system forms variously combined beam patterns using the information of azimuth and elevation angles for the multi-paths according to the number of bits. In addition, the azimuth and elevation angles among the formed beam patterns are estimated according to the received signal strength (RSS). In the simulation results, the proposed PCS hybrid beamforming system has better error performance and the average sum rate than the conventional hybrid beamforming system.
Intelligent Control Based on a Neural Network for Aircraft Landing Gear with a Magnetorheological Damper in Different Landing Scenarios
Authors: Luong Quoc Viet , Jang Dae-Sung , Hwang Jai-Hyuk
Published: August 2020

A typical oleo-pneumatic shock-absorbing strut (classic traditional passive damper) in aircraft landing gear has a metering pin extending through the orifice, which can vary the orifice area with the compression and extension of the damper strut. Because the metering pin is designed in a single landing condition, the traditional passive damper cannot adjust its damping force in multiple landing conditions. Magnetorheological (MR) dampers have been receiving significant attention as an alternative to traditional passive dampers. An MR damper, which is a typical semi-active suspension system, can control the damping force created by MR fluid under the magnetic field. Thus, it can be controlled by electric current. This paper adopts a neural network controller trained by two different methods, which are genetic algorithm and policy gradient estimation, for aircraft landing gear with an MR damper that considers different landing scenarios. The controller learns from a large number of trials, and accordingly, the main advantage is that it runs autonomously without requiring system knowledge. Moreover, comparative numerical simulations are executed with a passive damper and adaptive hybrid controller under various aircraft masses and sink speeds for verifying the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The main simulation results show that the proposed controller exhibits comparable performance to the adaptive hybrid controller without any needs for the online estimation of landing conditions.
Flexibility Measurement Affecting the Reduction Pattern of Back Muscle Activation during Trunk Flexion
Authors: Chen Yi-Lang , Hu Yi-Ming , Chuan Yu-Chen , Wang Tse-Chen , Chen Yi
Published: August 2020

Numerous studies have been conducted on lower back injury caused by deeper stooped posture, which is associated with the back muscle flexion–relaxation phenomenon (FRP). Individual flexibility also affects FRP; individuals with high flexibility have the benefit of delayed FRP occurrence. This study attempted to determine the most efficient measurement of flexibility for evaluating the occurrence and degree of FRP when participants flexed their trunk forward. We recruited 40 male university students who were grouped on the basis of three flexibility measurements (toe-touch test, TTT; sit-and-reach test, SRT; modified Schober’s test, MST) into three levels (high, middle and low). Muscle activation (thoracic and lumbar erector spinae, TES and LES, respectively; hamstring, HMS) and lumbosacral angle (LSA) were recorded when the trunk flexed forward from 0° (upright) to 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°. The results indicated that trunk angle had a significant effect on three muscle activation levels and LSA. The effects of muscles and LSA varied depending on flexibility measurement. TTT significantly discriminated LES electromyography findings between high and low flexibility groups, whereas MST and SRT distinguished between high and non-high flexibility groups. The TTT values positively correlated with the time of LES FRP occurrence, showing that the higher the TTT, the slower the occurrence of FRP. This is beneficial in delaying or avoiding excessive loading on the passive tissue of the lumbar spine when performing a deeper trunk flexion.
Solar and Heat Pump Systems for Domestic Hot Water Production on a Small Island: The Case Study of Lampedusa
Authors: Beccali Marco , Bonomolo Marina , Di Pietra Biagio , Leone Giuliana , Martorana Francesca
Published: August 2020

The achievement of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, related to energy and resource use, is a critical issue for small and insulated communities. In many minor islands, solar energy is not correctly exploited, and electrical heaters are connected to weak grids with very a high share of generation by fossil fuels. As a consequence, there is the necessity to assess the potential and the suitability of diffusion of alternative systems to avoid dependency on the electrical grid and reduce carbon emissions. This paper aims to evaluate the technical and economic performances of some alternative systems exploiting renewable energy for domestic hot water production. Four different systems were simulated and studied: a heat pump connected to the grid, a heat pump coupled with a photovoltaic plant, a heat pump combined with a solar thermal collector, and a solar thermal plant. Moreover, heat and electricity storages were studied for reducing impacts on the distribution network. The work presents data gathered for a study on energy-retrofit strategies on Lampedusa Island (Italy, 35°30′56″ north (N), 568 degree-days). Finally, to select the most cost-effective plant, an economic analysis of the chosen systems was carried out. This analysis shows that the best net present values are associated with the heat pump (HP) coupled with a stand-alone PV system and a small battery and solar thermal-assisted HP. The shortest payback time was calculated for the solar thermal system.
Identification and Target-Modification of SL-BBI: A Novel Bowman–Birk Type Trypsin Inhibitor from Sylvirana latouchii
Authors: Chen Xi , Chen Dong , Huang Linyuan , Chen Xiaoling , Zhou Mei , Xi Xinping , Ma Chengbang , Chen Tianbao , Wang Lei
Published: August 2020

The peptides from the ranacyclin family share similar active disulphide loop with plant-derived Bowman–Birk type inhibitors, some of which have the dual activities of trypsin inhibition and antimicrobial. Herein, a novel Bowman–Birk type trypsin inhibitor of the ranacyclin family was identified from the skin secretion of broad-folded frog (Sylvirana latouchii) by molecular cloning method and named as SL-BBI. After chemical synthesis, it was proved to be a potent inhibitor of trypsin with a Ki value of 230.5 nM and showed weak antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Modified analogue K-SL maintains the original inhibitory activity with a Ki value of 77.27 nM while enhancing the antimicrobial activity. After the substitution of active P1 site to phenylalanine and P2′ site to isoleucine, F-SL regenerated its inhibitory activity on chymotrypsin with a Ki value of 309.3 nM and exhibited antiproliferative effects on PC-3, MCF-7 and a series of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines without cell membrane damage. The affinity of F-SL for the β subunits in the yeast 20S proteasome showed by molecular docking simulations enriched the understanding of the possible action mode of Bowman–Birk type inhibitors. Further mechanistic studies have shown that F-SL can activate caspase 3/7 in H157 cells and induce apoptosis, which means it has the potential to become an anticancer agent.
The Potential of Steroid Profiling by Mass Spectrometry in the Management of Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Rossi Claudia , Cicalini Ilaria , Verrocchio Sara , Di Dalmazi Giulia , Federici Luca , Bucci Ines
Published: August 2020

Radiological and endocrinological work up of adrenal neoplasms is aimed at distinguishing between frequent non-functioning adenomas and rare but very aggressive adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Relevant research has addressed the identification of molecular, genetic and hormonal markers that could have clinical significance for malignancy, as well as a prognostic value. Regarding endocrine aspects, attention has been paid to the pattern of steroid secretion that can be affected by altered steroidogenic pathway in ACC. The advent of mass spectrometry techniques has overcome many limitations usually associated with immunoassays, allowing the determination of both common and rarely measured steroids in a single analysis with high specificity and sensitivity. Indeed, mass spectrometry strategies may be able to identify an individualized steroid profile of ACC, allowing a rapid diagnosis and a specific follow-up. In this review, insights, strengths and limitations of mass spectrometry-based approaches in steroid profiling, as well as of immunoassay in steroid measurements, will be specifically discussed. Moreover, the latest findings on steroid profiling by mass spectrometry-based techniques, the most promising analytical tool, will be summarized to evaluate if steroid profiling might be the clue for solving the clinical dilemma in differentiating ACC from non-functioning adrenocortical adenomas (ACA).
Film Carbon Veil-Based Electrode Modified with Triton X-100 for Nitrite Determination
Authors: Stozhko Natalia Yu. , Bukharinova Maria A. , Khamzina Ekaterina I. , Tarasov Aleksey V. , Sokolkov Sergey V.
Published: August 2020

A film carbon veil-based electrode (FCVE) modified with non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 (TrX100) has been developed for nitrite determination. A new simple and producible technique of hot lamination (heat sealing) has been used for the FCVE manufacturing. The paper presents the findings of investigating the FCVE and the TrX100/FCVE by using voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Modification of the electrode with TrX100 improves the hydrophilic property of its surface, which results in a larger electrode active area and higher sensitivity. Optimal conditions for nitrite determination with the use of the TrX100/FCVE have been identified. The linear range (LR) and the limit of detection (LOD) are 0.1–100 μM and 0.01 μM, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) does not exceed 2.3%. High selectivity of the sensor ensures its successful application for the analysis of real samples (sausage products and natural water). The obtained results accord well with the results of the standard spectrophotometric method.
Eukaryotic Communities in Bromeliad Phytotelmata: How Do They Respond to Altitudinal Differences?
Authors: Malfatti Eduardo , Ferreira Pedro M.A. , Utz Laura R. P.
Published: August 2020

Bromeliad phytotelmata are habitats for different organisms and models for ecological studies. Although poorly known, these environments are widely distributed in tropical ecosystems, harboring cosmopolitan and endemic species. Here, we investigated the diversity of the eukaryotic community in bromeliad phytotelmata considering the influence of altitude. We randomly sampled three bromeliad individuals (twice per season over one year) at four altitudinal strata (20 m, 400 m, 910 m, and 915 m) through a mountain range in southern Brazil. Species richness of phytotelmata community was higher at intermediate altitude while community-wide multivariate analyses revealed differences in phytotelmata communities at each height. Winter was the season with highest community richness, but a peak in summer was observed. Diversity partitioning in different spatial components showed that gamma diversity decreased linearly with altitude, whereas alpha diversity peaked at intermediate altitudes, and beta diversity decreased with height. The relative importance of the components of beta diversity showed different patterns according to the altitude: turnover was more important at intermediate and lower levels, while higher altitude communities were more nested. Our results indicate that differences in height affect diversity patterns of bromeliad phytotelmata communities, which were more diverse at lower altitudes in comparison with more homogeneous communities at higher levels.
BESTIE: Broadcast Encryption Scheme for Tiny IoT Equipment
Authors: Lee Jiwon , Kim Jihye , Oh Hyunok
Published: August 2020

In public key broadcast encryption, anyone can securely transmit a message to a group of receivers such that privileged users can decrypt it. The three important parameters of the broadcast encryption scheme are the length of the ciphertext, the size of private/public key, and the performance of encryption/decryption. It is suggested to decrease them as much as possible; however, it turns out that decreasing one increases the other in most schemes. This paper proposes a new broadcast encryption scheme for tiny Internet of Things (IoT) equipment (BESTIE), minimizing the private key size in each user. In the proposed scheme, the private key size is O(logn), the public key size is O(logn), the encryption time per subset is O(logn), the decryption time is O(logn), and the ciphertext text size is O(r), where n denotes the maximum number of users, and r indicates the number of revoked users. The proposed scheme is the first subset difference-based broadcast encryption scheme to reduce the private key size O(logn) without sacrificing the other parameters. We prove that our proposed scheme is secure under q-Simplified Multi-Exponent Bilinear Diffie-Hellman (q-SMEBDH) in the standard model.
An Efficient Smoke Detection Algorithm Based on Deep Belief Network Classifier Using Energy and Intensity Features
Authors: Kaabi Rabeb , Bouchouicha Moez , Mouelhi Aymen , Sayadi Mounir , Moreau Eric
Published: August 2020

Smoke detection plays an important role in forest safety warning systems and fire prevention. Complicated changes in the shape, texture, and color of smoke remain a substantial challenge to identify smoke in a given image. In this paper, a new algorithm using the deep belief network (DBN) is designed for smoke detection. Unlike popular deep convolutional networks (e.g., Alex-Net, VGG-Net, Res-Net, Dense-Net, and the denoising convolution neural network (DNCNN), specifically devoted to detecting smoke), our proposed end-to-end network is mainly based on DBN. Indeed, most traditional smoke detection algorithms follow the pattern recognition process which consists basically feature extraction and classification. After extracting the candidate regions, the main idea is to perform both smoke recognition and smoke-no-smoke region classification using static and dynamic smoke characteristics. However, manual smoke detection cannot meet the requirements of a high smoke detection rate and has a long processing time. The convolutional neural network (CNN)-based smoke detection methods are significantly slower due to the maxpooling operation. In addition, the training phase can take a lot of time if the computer is not equipped with a powerful graphics processing unit (GPU). Thus, the contribution of this work is the development of a preprocessing step including a new combination of features—smoke color, smoke motion, and energy—to extract the regions of interest which are inserted within a simple architecture with the deep belief network (DBN). Our proposed method is able to classify and localize reliably the smoke regions providing an interesting computation time and improved performance metrics. First, the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is employed to capture the frames containing a large amount of motion. After applying RGB rules to smoke pixels and analyzing the energy attitude of smoke regions, extracted features are then used to feed a DBN for classification. Experimental results conducted on the publicly available smoke detection database confirm that the DBN has reached a high detection rate that exceeded an average of 96% when tested on different videos containing smoke-like objects, which make smoke recognition more challenging. The proposed methodology provided high detection ratios and low false alarms, and guaranteed robustness verified by evaluations of accuracy, F1-score, and recall for noisy and non-noisy images with and without noise.
Hybrid Current-Mode Control of PSFB Converter to Compensate Slew Interval and Prevent Magnetic Saturation of Transformers
Authors: Ko Jae-Hak , Baek Seung-Woo , Lee Kang-Mun , Kim Hag-Wone , Cho Kwan-Yul , Kim Jae-Moon
Published: August 2020

This paper proposes a newly developed hybrid current-mode control (HCMC) method for phase-shifted full-bridge (PSFB) converters. Generally, PSFB converters have been widely used in various DC-DC power applications owing to their ease of control and low switching losses. However, the transformer can be saturated by volt-second imbalance of the magnetizing inductance. Therefore, a blocking capacitor can be used in series with the transformer, or peak current-mode control methods with slope compensation can be applied, to prevent transformer saturation. However, blocking capacitors increase the material cost and make the power stage bulky. Moreover, the overcompensation by slope compensation methods delays the control response. This paper proposes a hybrid current-mode control (HCMC) for PSFB converters to solve these problems. A blocking capacitor and slope compensation are not required in the proposed HCMC method for PSFB converters. The proposed HCMC method has no transformer saturation and output response delay, and the efficacy of this method has been verified through simulations and experiments.
Hydrocracking of C5-Isolated Asphaltene and Its Fractions in Batch and Semi-Batch Reactors
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Thuy , Kang Ki Hyuk , Seo Pill Won , Kang Narae , Pham Duy Van , Ahn Chiwoong , Kim Gyoo Tae , Park Sunyoung
Published: August 2020

Non-catalytic and catalytic hydrocracking of C5-isolated asphaltene and its subfractions were performed in batch and semi-batch reactors at various temperatures. Catalyst and H2 played an important role in the hydrocracking of asphaltenes. In the batch system, the catalyst enhanced asphaltene conversion to light liquid products and suppressed coke formation. The coke formation was controlled at a low reaction temperature, but the reaction rate was too low. Light liquid products were also formed at the beginning of the reaction even at high temperatures, but the coke formation was predominant as the reaction time went on due to the decrease in H2 amount in the reactor. To solve these problems, H2 was continuously supplied during the reaction using the semi-batch system. Sufficient supply of H2 improved the conversion of asphaltenes to light liquid products while inhibiting the coke formation. The lightest asphaltene fraction was easily cracked into light products by inhibiting the coke formation, while the heaviest fraction tends to form coke. The lightest asphaltene fraction prolonged the coke induction period of the heaviest fraction during the catalytic hydrocracking because the lightest fraction contained a significant amount of heavy resin close to that which could prevent aggregation of the heaviest asphaltenes.
Statistical Evaluation of Pilot’s Behavior Models Parameters Connected to Military Flight Training
Authors: Jirgl Miroslav , Boril Jan , Jalovecky Rudolf
Published: August 2020

The paper discusses the possibilities of objective assessment of military flight training quality based on statistical evaluation of pilot’s behavior models parameters. For these purposes, the pilots’ responses to non-standard flight situations were measured by using a fixed-base and a moving-base engineering flight simulator. Tens of military pilots at different training stages were tested. By exploiting real-life tests, we established that the given pilot models provide sufficiently accurate approximation of realistic human responses. Importantly, the models are relatively easy to use, and the individual parameters can be unambiguously interpreted, i.e., the time constants of the pilot behavior model are obtainable, representing the pilot’s current psychological and physiological state of mind. The parameters lay in the defined ranges, and they characterize the ability of the human/pilot to adapt to a controlled dynamic system. Consequently, a fundamental statistical analysis based on pilot’s behavioral model parameters was conducted, using the acquired test data representing the pilot’s behavior during repeated measuring. The initial results indicate the possibility to use the results for objective assessment the military flight training level.
Thermodynamic and Economic Feasibility of Energy Recovery from Pressure Reduction Stations in Natural Gas Distribution Networks
Authors: Danieli Piero , Carraro Gianluca , Lazzaretto Andrea
Published: August 2020

A big amount of the pressure energy content in the natural gas distribution networks is wasted in throttling valves of pressure reduction stations (PRSs). Just a few energy recovery systems are currently installed in PRSs and are mostly composed of radial turboexpanders coupled with cogeneration internal combustion engines or gas-fired heaters providing the necessary preheating. This paper clarifies the reason for the scarce diffusion of energy recovery systems in PRSs and provides guidelines about the most feasible energy recovery technologies. Nine thousand PRSs are monitored and allocated into 12 classes, featuring different expansion ratios and available power. The focus is on PRSs with 1-to-20 expansion ratio and 1-to-500 kW available power. Three kinds of expanders are proposed in combination with different preheating systems based on boilers, heat pumps, or cogeneration engines. The goal is to identify, for each class, the most feasible combination by looking at the minimum payback period and maximum net present value. Results show that small size volumetric expanders with low expansion ratios and coupled with gas-fired heaters have the highest potential for large-scale deployment of energy recovery from PRSs. Moreover, the total recoverable energy using the feasible recovery systems is approximately 15% of the available energy.
Decentralized versus Clustered Microgrids: An Energy Systems Study for Reliable Off-Grid Electrification of Small Islands
Authors: Agua Olivia Francesca B. , Basilio Robert Joseph A. , Pabillan Mc Erschad D. , Castro Michael T. , Blechinger Philipp , Ocon Joey D.
Published: August 2020

Philippine off-grid islands are mostly electrified by diesel generators, resulting in costly electricity that is interrupted by fuel supply disruptions. The archipelagic nature of the country also impedes off-grid electrification due to the high capital cost of grid extension. Transitioning from diesel-only systems to hybrid renewable energy systems and interconnecting the island microgrids can solve these problems while promoting cleaner energy production. In this work, a comparative study on decentralized and clustered hybrid renewable energy system microgrids in the Polillo group of islands in the Philippines, using HOMER Pro, was performed. Microgrids comprising solar photovoltaics, lithium-ion battery energy storage, and diesel generators were designed on each island. Clustered systems encompassing multiple islands in the island group were simulated by also considering the least-cost interconnection paths. The techno-economics of each decentralized or clustered system and the four-island system were evaluated based on the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). Reliability was assessed using the change in LCOE upon the failure of a component and during weather disturbances. Transitioning from diesel-only systems to hybrid systems reduces generation costs by an average of 42.01% and increases the renewable energy share to 80%. Interconnecting the hybrid systems results in an average increase of 2.34% in generation costs due to the cost of submarine cables but improves system reliability and reduces the optimum solar photovoltaic and lithium-ion storage installations by 6.66% and 8.71%, respectively. This research serves as a framework for the interconnection pre-feasibility analysis of other small off-grid islands.
A Comprehensive Overview in Control Algorithms for High Switching-Frequency LLC Resonant Converter
Authors: Park Hwa-Pyeong , Kim Mina , Jung Jee-Hoon
Published: August 2020

An LLC resonant converter has been widely used in various industrial applications because of its high cost-effectiveness, high power conversion efficiency, simple design methodology, and simple control algorithms using a pulse frequency modulation (PFM). In addition, the soft switching capability of the LLC resonant converter is good to obtain high switching frequency operations, which can get the high-power density of the power converter. Over the past years, several studies have been conducted to improve the performance of a high switching frequency LLC resonant converter with resonant tank design, optimal power stage design, and enhanced control algorithms. This paper is the review paper in terms of the control algorithms for the LLC resonant converter. It focuses on the overview of the high switching-frequency LLC resonant converter in terms of the control algorithms. The advanced control algorithm can improve power conversion efficiency, dynamic performance, tight output voltage regulation, and small electro-magnetic interference. The operational principles of the control algorithms are briefly explained to show their own characteristics and advantages. Thereafter, the research issues for the future works will be discussed in the conclusion.
On the Optimal Control of Stationary Fluid–Structure Interaction Systems
Authors: Chirco Leonardo , Manservisi Sandro
Published: August 2020

Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) systems consist of a fluid which flows and deforms one or more solid surrounding structures. In this paper, we study inverse FSI problems, where the goal is to find the optimal value of some control parameters, such that the FSI solution is close to a desired one. Optimal control problems are formulated with Lagrange multipliers and adjoint variables formalism. In order to recover the symmetry of the stationary state-adjoint system an auxiliary displacement field is introduced and used to extend the velocity field from the fluid into the structure domain. As a consequence, the adjoint interface forces are balanced automatically. We present three different FSI optimal controls: inverse parameter estimation, boundary control and distributed control. The optimality system is derived from the first order necessary condition by taking the Fréchet derivatives of the augmented Lagrangian with respect to all the variables involved. The optimal solution is obtained through a gradient-based algorithm applied to the optimality system. In order to support the proposed approach and compare these three optimal control approaches numerical tests are performed.
Submesoscale Dynamics in the Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Oman
Authors: Morvan Mathieu , Carton Xavier , Corréard Stéphanie , Baraille Rémy
Published: August 2020

We have investigated the surface and subsurface submesoscale dynamics in the Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Oman. Our results are based on the analyses of regional numerical simulations performed with a primitive equation model (HYCOM) at submesoscale permitting horizontal resolution. A model zoom for each gulf was embedded in a regional mesoscale-resolving simulation. In the Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Oman, the interactions of mesoscale structures and fronts instabilities form submesoscale eddies and filaments. Rotational energy spectra show that the Gulf of Aden has a higher ratio of submesoscale to mesocale energy than the Gulf of Oman. Fast waves (internal gravity waves, tidal waves, Kelvin waves) and slow waves (Rossby waves) were characterized via energy spectra of the divergent velocity. Local upwelling systems which shed cold filaments, coastal current instabilities at the surface, and baroclinic instability at capes in subsurface were identified as generators of submesocale structures. In particular, the Ras al Hamra and Ras al Hadd capes in the Gulf of Oman, and the Cape of Berbera in the Gulf of Aden, are loci of submesoscale eddy generation. To determine the instability mechanisms involved in these generations, we diagnosed the Ertel potential vorticity and the energy conversion terms: the horizontal and vertical Reynolds stresses and the vertical buoyancy flux. Finally, the impacts of the subsurface submesoscale eddy production at capes on the diffusion and fate of the Red Sea Water (in the Gulf of Aden) and the Persian Gulf Water (in the Gulf of Oman) are highlighted.
Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Foodborne Pathogens and Indicator Bacteria from Edible Offal and Muscle Meats in Nashville, Tennessee
Authors: Liu Siqin , Kilonzo-Nthenge Agnes , Nahashon Samuel N. , Pokharel Bharat , Mafiz Abdullah Ibn , Nzomo Maureen
Published: August 2020

This study investigated the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in retail edible offal and muscle meats in Nashville, Tennessee. A total of 348 retail meats (160 edible offal and 188 muscle) were analyzed for Salmonella enterica serovar, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, and enterococci. Bacteria was identified using biochemical and PCR methods. Salmonella enterica serovar (4.4% and 4.3%), Campylobacter (1.9% and 1.1%), E. coli (79.4% and 89.4%), and enterococci (88.1% and 95.7%) was detected in offal and muscle meats, respectively. Chicken liver (9.7%) was most frequently contaminated with Salmonella enterica serovar, followed by ground chicken (6.9%) and chicken wings (4.2%). No Salmonella enterica serovar was detected in beef liver, beef tripe, and ground beef. The prevalence of Campylobacter was 6.9%, 2.3%, and 1.4% in beef liver, ground beef, and ground chicken, respectively. None of the meats were positive for E. coli O157:H7. Resistance of isolates was significantly (p < 0.05) highest in erythromycin (98.3%; 99.1%), followed by tetracycline (94%; 98.3%), vancomycin (88.8%; 92.2%) as compared to chloramphenicol (43.1%; 53.9%), amoxicillin/clavulanic (43.5%; 45.7%), and ciprofloxacin (45.7%; 55.7%) in offal and muscle meats, respectively. Imipenem showed the lowest resistance (0%; 0.9%). A total of 41 multidrug-resistant patterns were displayed. Edible offal could be a source of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Addition of Broad Bean Hull to Wheat Flour for the Development of High-Fiber Bread: Effects on Physical and Nutritional Properties
Authors: Ni Qianqian , Ranawana Viren , Hayes Helen E. , Hayward Nicholas J. , Stead David , Raikos Vassilios
Published: August 2020

The seed coat (hull) of broad bean (Vicia faba) (BBH) is a significant secondary product of processing with a promising nutritional profile. Bean hull has a high fiber content (49%), yet it remains underexploited as an ingredient by the food industry. This study investigated the potential of this secondary product to partially replace wheat flour for the development of high-fiber breads. Bread formulations with a range of supplementation levels (0%, 11%, 21% and 31%) were developed and tested for their nutritional and physical properties. The proximate composition of breads revealed that at 31% replacement, the fiber content was 19.19 g/100 g bread, which was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than control breads (3.62 g/100 g bread). The physical (specific volume, density and color) and textural properties of breads were affected by the addition of bean hull. Specific volume and hardness of breads were significantly reduced at ≥21% replacement compared to the control, which may reduce acceptability of the product by some consumer groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that the gluten content of breads was significantly reduced with bean hull addition (62% depletion for 31% replacement). At 11%, 21% and 31% replacement, one portion (80 g of bread) contains 6.8 g, 11.6 g and 15.3 g of dietary fiber, respectively, which contributes 23%, 38% and 51% of the recommended daily fiber intake (30 g/day). In conclusion, bean hull can be a valuable source of dietary fiber in bread formulations. The study showed BBH could be used to replace up to 21% of the wheat flour without significantly impacting on bread texture and volume.
Determining the Authenticity of Shark Meat Products by DNA Sequencing
Authors: Marchetti Patrizia , Mottola Anna , Piredda Roberta , Ciccarese Giuseppina , Di Pinto Angela
Published: August 2020

Given that the global shark meat market is poised to grow in future years, the aim of this study was to use DNA sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (NADH2) mitochondrial genes to examine the market of shark meat products in Italy. This made it possible to analyze patterns of species utilization and commercialization of threatened, endangered and/or prohibited species, focusing on fraudulent activities in the shark food chain in order to propose seafood safety and environmental sustainability solutions. The study shows that the labeling of shark meat products generally lacks comprehensive information, thus making it difficult for consumers to make informed purchasing decisions and fails to comply with European Union (EU) legislation regarding seafood labelling. Molecular investigation reveals a high mislabeling rate (45.4%), highlighting widespread use of cheaper species either in order to replace species that are better known and more popular, or else in order to sell various threatened species. Considering that seafood mislabeling can circumvent the management of sustainable fisheries and facilitate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing, the routine use of genetic analysis should be encouraged among control and enforcement agencies in order to implement effective management measures. This would help to build a species-specific reporting system for all catches, and enhance control measures, in order to prevent illegal activities connected with shark catches and trade around the world.
Sentiment Analysis Methods for HPV Vaccines Related Tweets Based on Transfer Learning
Authors: Zhang Li , Fan Haimeng , Peng Chengxia , Rao Guozheng , Cong Qing
Published: August 2020

The widespread use of social media provides a large amount of data for public sentiment analysis. Based on social media data, researchers can study public opinions on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines on social media using machine learning-based approaches that will help us understand the reasons behind the low vaccine coverage. However, social media data is usually unannotated, and data annotation is costly. The lack of an abundant annotated dataset limits the application of deep learning methods in effectively training models. To tackle this problem, we propose three transfer learning approaches to analyze the public sentiment on HPV vaccines on Twitter. One was transferring static embeddings and embeddings from language models (ELMo) and then processing by bidirectional gated recurrent unit with attention (BiGRU-Att), called DWE-BiGRU-Att. The others were fine-tuning pre-trained models with limited annotated data, called fine-tuning generative pre-training (GPT) and fine-tuning bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT). The fine-tuned GPT model was built on the pre-trained generative pre-training (GPT) model. The fine-tuned BERT model was constructed with BERT model. The experimental results on the HPV dataset demonstrated the efficacy of the three methods in the sentiment analysis of the HPV vaccination task. The experimental results on the HPV dataset demonstrated the efficacy of the methods in the sentiment analysis of the HPV vaccination task. The fine-tuned BERT model outperforms all other methods. It can help to find strategies to improve vaccine uptake.