bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Coated Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Dye Degradation in Textile Waste Water
Authors: Shilpa C , Pradeep N , Uma V
Published: June 2018

The most important challenge across the globe in recent years is to meet the sufficient supply of drinking water and to reduce water pollution, one of the major problems is the waste water from the textile industry and the purification of dye based water is a challenge for many years.
In this paper we report dye degradation in textile waste water using Ag coated MWCNTs. Multi walled carbon nanotubes were synthesized using chemical vapor deposition method, using powder catalyst and the coating of Silver in MWCNTs was done by wet chemical method. Three Different silver concentrations
were taken for coating the MWCNT. These Ag coated Multiwall carbon nanotubes were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and UV spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was used to study the morphology of the sample
and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) characterization was done to study the chemical composition. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes act like a absorbent which helps in dye degradation and silver has antibacterial properties which help in removing the bacteria and viruses in water. The
adsorption was tested for three different samples of Ag coated MWCNT’s using photocatalytic study. The UV intensity peaks showing the observable shift in intensity. Adsorption column test was done, using the Ag coated MWCNTs, using dye based water appears clear after the test.
Comparison and Characterization of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Conventional Magnetic Stirring and Sonochemical Method
Authors: Badnore Amruta Udaykumar , Salvi Mrunal Anand , Jadhav Nilesh Lakshaman , Pandit Aniruddha Bhalchandra , Pinjari Dipak Vitthal
Published: June 2018

In this particular study, magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nano-particle synthesis was carried using conventional magnetic stirring and sonochemical (acoustic cavitation) method. Raw materials used for the synthesis include— ferrous chloride (FeCl2),
ferric chloride (FeCl3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), where NaOH was used as a precipitating agent. The magnetic iron oxide nano-particles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zetasizer, Field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) and Vibrating sample magnetometer
to determine crystallite size, hydrodynamic particle size, particle size and magnetic hysteresis loop respectively. It was found that the nano-particle size obtained by both the synthesis methods ranged from 20 nm–50 nm. On comparison of the two mentioned synthesis methods, it was inferred
that the acoustic cavitation method is more energy efficient and takes considerably less time for synthesis as compared to conventional magnetic stirring method.
Effect of Annealing on the Structural Electrical and Optical Properties of CdSe Thin Films
Authors: Santhosh T. C. M , Bangera Kasturi V , Shivakumar G. K
Published: June 2018

CdSe thin films have been deposited on glass substrates at 453 K and subjected to post-deposition annealing. The effect of annealing on the properties of thermally evaporated CdSe thin films has been studied in detail. Structural and compositional studies have been carried out using
X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDX) techniques. It is observed that as-deposited CdSe as well as annealed CdSe thin films exhibits hexagonal structure. The grain size was found to increase marginally with an increase in the annealing
duration. The optical band gap of the grown films was evaluated from absorption measurements found to be 1.67 eV. An improvement in photoconductivity has been observed for annealed films.
Preparation and Characterization of MgO Nanoparticles by Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Khanna Nikhar , Kumar A. Ruban
Published: June 2018

Liquid phase method (sol–gel method) was employed to synthesize MgO nanparticles. The particles were subjected to structural, morphological and optical property studies. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR),
UV-Vis Spectrophotometer were employed to characterize the given sample. The X-ray pattern obtained had no impurity peak, revealing high purity of the sample. The particle size and morphology were investigated by SEM. EDS and FT-IR studies were done for knowing the composition and surface
passivation respectively of the prepared sample. The estimation of the band-gap was carried out by UV-vis absorption spectra.
Effect of TiO2 Nanoadditives on the Combustion Performance and Emission Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine
Authors: Anchupogu Praveen , Rao G. Lakshmi Narayana , Balakrishna B , Sankar B. Ravi , Umamaheswarrao P
Published: June 2018

Development of environmental friendly fuels is the ever constant endeavor in the field of engine technology. Owing to the merits of Diesel fuel, number of vehicles operated with Diesel are increased to meet the needs of multiplied population. However, depletion of fossil fuels and environmental
pollution are the main concerns with the diesel engines. Usage of bio-fuel is found to be the prominent technology in compensating fossil fuels depletion, whereas emission control is a major setback. Suspension of nano particles in the conventional fuels termed as Nanofuel is the prominent
technology in emission control. Hence, the present work is aimed to investigate the influence of TiO2 nano particulate in Diesel on the performance and emission characteristic of single cylinder Diesel engine. From the experimental results it is observed that the performance of
the engine is marginally increased with the suspension of TiO2 nano particles whereas the reduction emissions are considerable.
Crystal Growth, Optical, Dielectric, Thermal, Mechanical, Laser Damage Threshold and Second Harmonic Generation Characterization of Bis 2,5-Dimethylanilinium Sulfate Single Crystal
Authors: Mani A , Rajesh K , Kumar P. Praveen
Published: June 2018

Single crystals of bis 2,5-dimethylanilinium sulfate (bis 2,5-DAS) were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The crystalline nature of the grown crystal was confirmed by the single crystal X-ray data. Bis 2,5-DAS crystal was found to crystallize in
monoclinic system with non-centrosymmetric space group Cc. The various functional groups presented in the crystal were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopic studies. Optical transmittance of the grown crystal was studied by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy. The dielectric loss and dielectric
constant measurement as a frequency and temperature were measured on bis 2,5-DAS single crystal. The thermal stability and decomposition stages of the grown crystal were studied by TG-DTA analysis. Microhardness measurements revealed that bis 2,5-DAS belongs to a soft material category. Laser
damage threshold studies were carried out for the grown crystal. The second harmonic generation of the crystal was confirmed and the efficiency was measured using Kurtz Perry powder method.
Influence of MWCNT on Precipitation Hardenable Aluminium Alloy Matrix on Age Hardening and Solutionizing
Authors: Thomas Shijo , Umasankar V
Published: June 2018

MWCNT’s is gaining focus as reinforcement due to its thermo mechanical and electrical properties especially for aluminium alloys. Precipitation hardenable aerospace alloys though have been used for a long time, very few study has been conducted to understand the influence of MWCNT’s
for the above properties. This paper presents the influence of MWCNT’s on the precipitation mechanism, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of AA2219. By heat treatment monolithic alloy achieved 26.66% improvement in hardness by 10 h aging compared with that of sintered
one, whereas reinforced sample achieves the same amount hardness in short time of 90 minutes. MWCNT’s helps in achieving peak hardness at low aging time. MWCNT’s accelerates precipitation of Copper atoms which increases hardness. It has been found that the MWCNT’s has considerable
influence on precipitation and improving the mechanical and electrical properties.
Optimization of Stir Casting Parameters for Manufacturing Aluminium Based Nanocomposites Through Numerical Investigation
Authors: Kannan C , Ramanujam R , Vijayakumar T , Das Amitabh
Published: June 2018

Due to technological advancements, nanocomposites are being considered as one of the candidate materials for manufacturing wide variety of automobile components such as brake rotors, pistons, cylinder liners and transmission housings etc. Due to lower manufacturing cost and simplicity,
stir casting is the most common method to produce the nanocomposites. The final properties of nanocomposites produced through stir casting primarily depend upon the uniform distribution of nanoparticles, but then influenced by stir cast processing parameters. The influence of stir casting
parameters such as stirrer blade angle (90°, 70° and 50°), rotating speed (400 rpm, 600 rpm and 800 rpm) on the better distribution of nanoparticles (2% by wt.) in the molten aluminium alloy matrix was investigated using finite element analysis. These casting parameters were also
optimized to provide a fluid flow behavior that results in the effective distribution of nanoparticles. The validation of numerical results was done by manufacturing a nanocomposite at these optimized processing conditions. The microstructural evaluation of the developed nanocomposite revealed
the uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the base matrix.
Microstructural and Properties of P-type Nickel Oxide (NiO) Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Balakrishnan G , Vinoba J. S. Ram , Rishaban R , Nathiya S , Ghosh O. S. Nirmal
Published: June 2018

Nickel oxide (NiO) thin films were deposited on glass substrates using the RF magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature. The Argon and oxygen flow rates were kept constant at 10 sccm and 5 sccm respectively. The films were annealed at various temperatures (RT-300 °C) and
its influence on the microstructural, optical and electrical properties were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation of NiO films indicated the polycrystallinity of the films with the (111), (200) and (220) reflections corresponding to the cubic structure of NiO films. The
crystallite size of NiO films was in the range ~4–14 nm. The transmittance of the films increased from 20 to 75% with increasing annealed temperature. The optical band gap of the films was 3.6–3.75 eV range for the as-deposited and annealed films. The Hall effect studies indicated
the p-type conductivity of films and the film annealed at 300 °C showed higher carrier concentration (N), high conductivity (σ) and high mobility (μ) compared to other films. These NiO films can be used as a P-type semiconductor material in the devices require transparent
conducting films.
Nanoremediation of Acid Red 2 with Alumina Nanoparticles and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Ranade Shruti Sunil , Thiagarajan Padma
Published: June 2018

Acid red 2 is a mono azo dye that adversely affects the environment when discharged into industrial effluents. This study investigates remediation of acid red 2 using alumina nanoparticles and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Decolorization assays at 521 nm were carried out using pure
24 hour bacterial culture, with nanoparticles and bacteria-nanoparticle mixture for 4 hours. Results reveal that 20 mg of alumina nanoparticles decolorized only 23.95% of methyl red whereas 10 ml of bacterial culture combined with 20 mg of alumina nanoparticles decolorized 84.84% of acid red
2 (500 mg/L). The bacterial culture decolorized 79.98% of the dye. Immobilization of nanoparticles on bacteria and dye degradation were confirmed using SEM and FTIR analysis, respectively. Therefore, the synergistic action of alumina nanoparticles and Klebsiella pneumoniae can be exploited
for nanoremediation of acid red 2.
Preparation of Ag Doped Hydroxyapatite- Fe3O4-Chitosan Composites: In Vitro Biocompatibility Study on MG-63 Cells for Orthopedic Applications
Authors: Anjaneyulu U , Priyadarshini B , Vijayalakshmi U
Published: June 2018

Present paper deals with the development of hybrid nanocomposites which combination of Ag doped Hydroxyapatite (Ag:HAP)-Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) and Chitosan. In this present investigation, we have employed sol–gel method to synthesize Ag:HAP using
5% of Ag concentrations. Furthermore, co-precipitation technique was employed to prepare Fe3O4 NPs and Ag doped HAP was mixed with it to develop hybrid composites. The planetary ball milling technique was used to incorporate the fabricated Ag:HAP-Fe3O4
composite material into the biopolymer chitosan at wt% of 50:25:25 respectively. In Vitro biocompatibility of Ag:HAP-Fe3O4 CS hybrid composites were evaluated by MTT assay using MG-63 cell lines for 24–48 h at 200–1000 μg/ml concentrations.
Further, these hybrid composites were characterized by using ATR-FTIR, XRD and SEM techniques. The fabricated hybrid composite was found to be biologically compatible with MG-63 osteoblast cell lines to use in biomedical applications.
Magnetic Nanoparticle Assisted Bulk Scale Synthesis of Quinazoline Synthon
Authors: Chandrappa M , Swathi Korrapati , Vijayalakshmi Uthirapathy , Pullela Phani Kumar , Kumar S. Girish
Published: June 2018

Quinazolines are unique class of compounds possessing exceptional antibacterial activity. Quinazolines class obtains its typical antibacterial activity due to its toxicity from‘hetero’ ring. Known to be the last line of protection against deadly TB bacteria, there are about
twenty different quinazoline compounds used in pharma industry. One of the widely used precursors for synthesis of these drugs is 4-chloro-2-phenylquinazoline. In the present research, aminobenzamide and benzoyl chloride are reacted to obtain the cyclized intermediate, 2-phenylquinazoline,
which on subsequent treatment with POCl3 forms in 4-cholro-2-phenyl quinazoline. This reaction takes about four days to finish with maximum yield of around 60%. A modification was done using silica coated magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2) as solid
support to further improve the yields attaining about 80% and reduction of reaction time to half. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the solid support facilitates the adsorption of acid chloride and also provides the catalytic surface for condensation reaction, due to the
acidic nature of the silica gel. The POCl3 reaction uses the nanosilica surface to produce 4-chloro phenyl-2-qinazoline in 80% overall yield. The reason for improved yield could be increase in acidic surface area which could speed up the quinazoline cyclization. Though material
chemistry supports are known to improve reaction yields, use of silica coated magnetic nanomaterials towards the quinazoline synthesis is reported for the first time. The characterization data of Fe3O4@SiO2 particles has shown that batch to batch consistency
exists in synthesis and it can be used in the pharma industry.
The Tight-Binding Study of the Temperature Dependent Anti-Ferromagnetic Order in Graphene
Authors: Gouda H. S , Sahu Sivabrata , Rout G. C
Published: June 2018

We propose a tight binding model study for graphene taking the electron hopping up to third-nearest-neighbors. The graphene placed on different polarized substrates introduces in-equivalences in the two sub-lattices of honeycomb unit cell of graphene. Further the electron/hole doping
in graphene enhances the in-equivalence in both the sub-lattices. The Hubbard type Coulomb interaction between the electrons in both sub-lattices generates anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) order in graphene under certain conditions. Zubarev’s Green’s functions method is applied to solve
the Hamiltonian. The spins of the electron in the two sub-lattices are assumed to be oriented in opposite directions giving rise to AFM order in the system. The magnetization is calculated from the Green’s functions and computed self-consistently. The effect of the presence of substrates
and doping concentrations on magnetization is reported here.
Structural and Optical Properties of Ce3+ Doped ZnS Nanoparticles
Authors: Archana L. S , Rajendran Deepthi N
Published: June 2018

ZnS nanoparticles doped with various concentration of Cerium were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The presence of Ce3+ ions in the synthesized samples were verified using X-ray powder diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum. XRD analysis showed that sample
prepared were hexagonal zinc sulphide with particles’ size in the ranges 36 nm–45 nm. The crystallite size of the particles increases with Ce3+ doping. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy measurements have shown that the strongest absorption peak of nano ZnS is blue shifted
compared to bulk ZnS. The strongest absorption peak of Ce3+ doped nano ZnS is red shifted with respect to parent nano ZnS. The existence of functional groups was identified using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The PL emission studies of Ce3+ doped ZnS revealed
good emission at 422 nm and 459 nm when excited with wavelength 290 nm.
Enhancement of Mechanical Properties of ABS/PC-HNT Nano Composites
Authors: Babu Y. Narendra , Rao M. Venkateswara , Krishna A. Gopala
Published: June 2018

The objective of this paper is to experimentally study tensile strength, Impact strength, Flexural strength and Wear Characteristics of the Nano tubular material Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) into ABS/PC blend with ABS and PC compositions in the ratio 40/60. We have fabricated the Thermoplastic
Nanocomposites specimens as per ASTM standards, with the Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) blend as matrix material and with 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 6% HNT reinforcement material using Co–Rotating Intermeshing Twin Screw Extruder by Melt Compounding. Mechanical
Tests were conducted and results were compared with the original ABS/PC blend. Effects of Halloysite Nanotubes reinforcement percentage were discussed in detail. The obtained results suggested that ABS/PC (40/60) blend with 4% reinforcement of Halloysite Nanotubes executed better mechanical
properties. SEM is used to study the failure mechanism of the proposed Nano composite.
Development and Catalytic Application of Palladium Doped Titania (Ti0.98Pd0.02O2) Through Low Temperature Solution Combustion Method
Authors: Obaiah G. O , Shivaprasad K. H , Bhat K. Srikanth , Hegde M. S , Mylarappa M
Published: June 2018

The objective of the research was mainly focused on development of TiO2 and Palladium doped TiO2 by low temperature solution combustion method using glycine as fuel. Palladium substituted Titania (Ti0.98Pd0.02O2) was prepared by
taking stoichiometric amounts of titanyl nitrate, palladium chloride and glycine by solution combustion method. The accurate size and morphology of the doped metal oxide was studied Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase composition of the palladium substituted Titania (Ti0.98Pd0.02O2)
was confirmed from powder X-ray Diffractometer (PXRD). The functional groups are analyzed by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy. The doped metal oxide shows superior catalytic performance.
Decision Support System for Selecting of Radiotherapy Methods: Case Study of Breast Cancer
Authors: Filano Rafli , Sabarguna Boy Subirosa
Published: June 2018

Radiotherapy is a recognized therapy to achieve healing as much as 45–50% of cancer patients, the cancer that dominates 30% in Indonesia is Breast Cancer. Radiotherapy methods include 3D-CRT, IMRT, VMAT. Decision-making in the selection of radiotherapy methods in case of breast
cancer is unique to each patient so doctors need consideration. Aim: Selection of radiotherapy methods for breast cancer patients so that it becomes optimal with support of decision support system. Decision support system based Analytical Hierarchy Process helps solve complex problems
by structuring a hierarchy of criteria, stakeholders, outcomes and displaying considerations to develop possible options. Software Decision Support System resulting from this research in the form of decision support system based AHP that can be utilized by doctors as a tool of selection alternative
radiotherapy methods existing and educational facilities of prospective expert doctors in learning about radiotherapy methods in breast cancer patients. Conclusions and suggestion: The resulting of decision support system is used in the selection of radiotherapy methods in breast cancer
patients that greatly assist the physician in selecting decisions. Suggested Further research software can be made and more complex.
Effect of Centella asiatica Supplementation on Striatum Function in Mice According to Various Developing Stages
Authors: Wijaya Ray , Ibrahim Nurhadi
Published: June 2018

This study is directed to investigate the ‘golden period’ of herbal Centella asiatica (CA) administration towards striatum’s function and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) concentration to achieve its maximum efficacy during various developmental stages of prepubertal,
postpubertal, adolescent and young mature period. Mices of age 5, 8 ,12, and 15 weeks old were put into control group. CA aqueous extract with dose of 100 mg/kgBW/day was administered to CA groups of age 5–12, 5–15 and 8–15 weeks old. At the end of intervention, striatums
were collected, homogenized and centrifuged at 3500 rpm. Glutathione peroxidase activity was observed using Randox kit at wavelength 340 nm. Behaviour initiation time was recorded using Paired-Associative-Cognitive-Test while mice tried to solve a maze with food as reward stimuli. GPx concentrations
were found to increase in all CA-consuming groups with CA 5-12 having significant elevation (p = 0.032). Mice given CA supplementation also spent lesser time in solving the maze with statistical significance found in group CA 5-12 (p = 0.029). Overall, mice given C. asiatica
supplementation at earlier developmental stage have greater benefits compared to those who obtain the intervention in later developing period, reflected by greater GPx concentration in striatum and faster record in solving the maze.
Efficacy and Adverse Events of Intermittent Androgen Deprivation Therapy versus Continuos Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Localized and Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arif M. Gozali , Hamid Rizal A. H
Published: June 2018

To evaluate clinical data from published trials on efficacy and adverse events of intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IAD) and continuous androgen deprivatin therapy (CAD). This study searched Medline, Sience direct and the Cochrane Library through August 2016 without year restriction
but only english journal were included suplemented using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Guidelines. Result: 10 Studies were identified and up to 4403 patients were pooled. When compared to CAD, IAD was not
statistically difference in term of overall mortality and 3 years PSA progression. But when compared to CAD, IAD was statistically better than CAD in the term reduce pain burden. Conclusions: This study conclude that the efficacy between CAD and IAD was not significant different. IAD
is better to minimize pain as adverse events than CAD.
Lactulose and Rifaximin as Prevention for Recurrence Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Marsigit J , Maulahela H
Published: June 2018

Hepatic encephalopathy is one of the complications of liver cirrhosis. There are several pharmacological therapies that can be used to treat hepatic encephalopathy, which are Lactulose and antibiotics, such as Rifaximin. Currently, Lactulose is the standard treatment to reduce the level
of ammonia circulating in the blood, however, there is still no enough evidence that Lactulose itself can prevent recurrence of hepatic encephalopathy. Combination therapy of Lactulose with antibiotic is a promising therapy to prevent recurrence of hepatic encephalopathy. Literature searching
through four databases (PubMed®, Cochrane Library®, EBSCOHost®, and SCOPUS®) were performed. Using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were three journals, which were two randomized control trials and one retrospective cohort
study, that were selected and correlated with the clinical cast. All articles were appraised for validity, importance, and applicability. The studies show that giving Lactulose combined with Rifaximin significantly reduced the recurrence of hepatic encephalopathy with HR 0.42 (CI: 0.28 to
0.64, p < .001) and significantly lower readmission rate (p < .05) in 180 days. Giving Rifaximin in combination with Lactulose can prevent recurrence of hepatic encephalopathy and lowering the readmission rate in patients suffering from overt hepatic encephalopathy.
Phytoestrogen Intake Correlate with Blood Pressure in Minangkabau Premenopausal People
Authors: Desmawati  , Sulastri Delmi , Yusrawati  , Jamsari
Published: June 2018

Prevalence of hypertension increases in the premenopausal phase due to changes in estrogen levels. Phytoestrogens is known as estrogens like estrogen derived from plants. This study aims to elucidate the correlation of phytoestrogen intake with blood pressure in Minangkabau premenopausal
people. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Minangkabau premenopausal people, aged 40–55 years old at Padang City in West Sumatera, Indonesia. Phytoestrogen intake examined to 76 subject by using food frequenty questionnaire (FFQ) that contain 200 kinds of food. Data were analyzed
by using correlation test with significant levels p < 0.05. Blood pressure was measured in a sitting position after the subject rests for 10 minutes. Serum estradiol was measured by ELISA tecnique using E2 (estradiol) ELISA KIT from Elabscience. This study show that mean systolic blood
pressure (SBP) is 119.74±16.1 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is 76.32±11.1 mmHg. Mean of phytoestrogens intake is 32.66±26.63 mg. The correlation test showed that there was a significant correlation between phytoestrogen intake with SBP (r=−0.255; p=0.26)
and DBP (r=−0.246; p=0.032). Whereas serum estradiol levels did not show significant correlation with both SBP and DBP (r=−0.177; p=0.125 and r=−0.204: p=0.077) respectively. Phytoestrogens intake has significant correlation with blood pressure in Minangkabau premenopausal
people.
The Relationship Between Approximate Number System and Mathematics Competency in Indonesian Primary School Children
Authors: Wijaya Kevin , Ivan Fransiskus X , Mayza Adre
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Approximate Number System (ANS), a cognitive system which represents and estimates the cardinality of a set, and mathematics competency of primary school children. Many findings on ANS and its relations with mathematics
competency showed inconsistency. This research is the first of its kind in Indonesia. 318 fourth and fifth-grade primary school students were instructed to perform non-symbolic (dots) comparison task to measure their Weber fraction (w), accuracy (percentage correct), and response time
(ms) which are the measurement for ANS acuity. Mathematics competencies of the students were taken from school’s report card and the data were standardized for each school separately. Correlation and regression linear analysis were conducted to find the relationship between ANS acuity
and mathematics’ competency. Analysis showed there was a weak but significant (p < 0.05) correlation between two measurements of ANS acuity, namely the Weber fraction and accuracy, with mathematics competency, but not response time (p > 0.05). Further analysis with linear regression
showed there was no relationship between the two variables and mathematics score, which disproves this correlation. This study shows that there is no relationship between children’s ANS acuity and mathematics competency. Intrinsic factors such as children’s attention, engagement,
and motivation, also methodological aspect needed further consideration. Future studies are needed to investigate the methodological aspect related to the measurement of ANS and mathematics’ competency as there is no ‘gold standard’ yet to measure ANS.
Threonine-Allyl-Ester and Amide of Gallic Acid Derivative as Promising Anti-HCV Inhibitors
Authors: Apriyanto Dadan Ramadhan , Arsianti Ade , Aoki-Utsubo Chie , Fadilah  , Bahtiar Anton , Dwira Surya , Paramita Rafika Indah , Hotta Hak
Published: June 2018

In this study, we focused to evaluate threonine-allyl-ester (TAE) and amide of gallic acid derivative (AGA) for anti-HCV activity. The synthesis was started from esterification of commercially available Boc-L-Threonine with allyl bromide, followed by Boc deprotection with HCl/EtOAc
produced threonine-allyl-ester (TAE) and amidation of the ester with the gallic acid with WSCD HCl, HOBt, and NMM produced the amide of gallic acid derivative (AGA). The synthesized were examined the antiviral activity against HCV (genotype 2a strain JFH1) and cytotoxicity against Huh7it-1.
The synthesized of TAE and AGA were in ranging from 91% to 50% of yield. The TAE and AGA exhibited anti-HCV activity with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 24.5 μg/ml and 12.1 μg/ml without cytotoxicity, respectively. These results suggest that TAE and AGA have potential
as anti-HCV. Further study, TAE and AGA are synthesized with addition another form.
Urinary Tubular Markers’ for Early Detection on Onset and Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy: Systematic Review
Authors: Marcevianto Kevin Varian , Aristya Lara , Asadinia Koe Stella
Published: June 2018

Diabetic nephropathy, a Diabetes Mellitus’ complication, leads to chronic renal failure. Previous studies found that proximal tubule of nephron, as the initial pathogenesis of DN, precedes state of albuminuria as the current biomarker of DN. This study aimed to propose the earliest
and the most accurate tubular biomarkers in predicting onset of DN and assess progression of DN. Systematic review was performed to evaluate the validity and accuracy of tubular biomarkers based on available studies in EBSCO, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Validity was measured by scoring system
including studies’ methodological quality assessment based on Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy and adjustment score to DN conventional factors. Accuracy evaluation was reviewed based on accuracy value provided. From the total of 560 studies, 10 included studies were assessed
and 5 biomarkers were compared. All studies were considered valid, except one study on NGAL marker. Based on their likelihood ratios for clinical application, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) has the best accuracy in predicting onset of DN and Cystatin C in assessing progression
of DN. Detection of these biomarkers could be applied clinically through quantitative and semi-quantitative method for potential use in all healthcare levels and locations. This review proposed the usage of NAG and Cystatin C as early and accurate diabetic nephropathy tubular biomarkers in
all healthcare level.
Multiple Audiences for Encouraging Research Use: Uncovering a Typology of Educators
Authors: Neal Jennifer Watling , Mills Kristen J. , McAlindon Kathryn , Neal Zachary P. , Lawlor Jennifer A.
Published: June 2018

Purpose: We apply diffusion of innovations theory to examine two key research questions designed to inform efforts to improve the research–practice gap in education: (1) Are there distinct types of educators that differ in their prioritization of the compatibility, observability, complexity, relative advantage, and trialability of research? and (2) Are educators’ roles or context associated with their categorization in this typology? Research Method: Using semistructured interview data in two Michigan counties from intermediate school district staff ( N = 24), district central office staff ( N = 18), principals ( N = 22), and school building staff ( N = 23), we first used directed content analysis to code for mentions of compatibility, observability, complexity, relative advantage, and trialability. Next, using the coded data, we conducted a hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis and follow-up cross-tabulations to assess whether cluster memberships were associated with educators’ roles or county context. Findings: Educators in our sample could be categorized in one of five clusters distinguished primarily by different patterns of prioritization of the compatibility, observability, and complexity of research. Membership in these clusters did not vary by role but did vary by county, suggesting the importance of context for educators’ perceptions of research. Implications for Research and Practice: These findings suggest that narrowing the research–practice gap in education will require attending to multiple audiences of educators with distinct priorities that guide their perceptions and use of educational research and evidence-based practices.
Urban China through the lens of neoliberalism: Is a conceptual twist enough?
Authors: Zhou Yu , Lin George CS , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2018

Neoliberalism as a hegemonic global ideology and framework of governance has been the subject of extensive critical analyses in geography and urban studies. Despite the conceptual difficulties involved, a growing number of scholars have attempted to apply this critical discourse to China. In this commentary, we critically interrogate the urban China literature that deploys the neoliberal lens, mostly authored by scholars outside China, and we raise the fundamental question as to whether this discourse can ever capture the central stories or trajectories of China’s urban transformation. We examine the interpretations of China’s urban land property market, urban inequality and its spatial manifestation, and the emerging urban governmentality – the areas in which neoliberalism has been most often invoked – to highlight the utility and limitations of a neoliberal treatment of China. We argue that the neoliberal representation of China’s urban (re)development, with its preoccupation with capital and class interests, is unable to effectively capture the distinctive nature of entanglement of capital, state and society in China, and thus obscures the driving role and the competing rationalities of the authoritarian state, and the rapid reconfiguration of urban society. By citing examples of recent urban China research, we show that the neoliberalism framework, even in its ‘variegated’ or ‘assemblage’ versions, tends to trap China’s analysis within a frame of reference comfortable to Western researchers, and ultimately hinders the development of diversified, potentially more fruitful inquiries of the urban world.
Should I Stay or Should I Go: Predicting Advanced Producer Services Firm Expansion and Contraction
Authors: Neal Zachary P. , Derudder Ben , Taylor Peter J.
Published: June 2018

The literature on firm location selection allows us to retrospectively explain why firms did locate in particular places. However, it remains challenging to prospectively predict where they will locate. In this article, we propose a simple conceptual model of firm location decisions, then operationalize it using the ordinal stochastic degree sequence model (oSDSM). We use this model to predict whether 104 advanced producer service firms will expand, contract, or maintain their presence in each of 525 cities, and find that these predictions are accurate in more than 86 percent of cases. We conclude with suggestions for further refinement of this model.
Medicine, Technology, and Religion Reconsidered: The Case of Brain Death Definition in Israel
Authors: Gross Sky Edith , Lavi Shai , Boas Hagai
Published: June 2018

The introduction of respiratory machines in the 1950s may have saved the lives of many, but it also challenged the notion of death itself. This development endowed “machines” with the power to form a unique ontological creature: a live body with a “dead” brain. While technology may be blamed for complicating things in the first place, it is also called on to solve the resulting quandaries. Indeed, it is not the birth of the “brain-dead” that concerns us most, but rather its association with a web of epistemological and ethical considerations, where technology plays a central role. The brain death debate in Israel introduces highly sophisticated religious thought and authoritative medical expertise. At focus are the religious acceptance and rejection of brain death by a technologically savvy group of rabbis whose religious doctrine––along with a particular form of religious reasoning––is used to support the truth claims made from the scientific community (brain death is death) but challenge the ways in which they are made credible (instrumental rather than clinical). In our case, brain death as “true” death is made religiously viable with the very use of technological apparatus and scientific rhetoric that stand at the heart of the scientific ethos.
Stage II Oral Tongue Cancer: Survival Impact of Adjuvant Radiation Based on Depth of Invasion
Authors: Rubin Samuel J. , Gurary Ellen B. , Qureshi Muhammad M. , Salama Andrew R. , Ezzat Waleed H. , Jalisi Scharukh , Truong Minh Tam
Published: June 2018

Objective

To determine if adjuvant radiation therapy for patients with pT2N0 oral cavity tongue cancer affects overall survival.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

National Cancer Database.

Subjects and Methods

Cases diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 with pathologic stage pT2N0 oral cavity tongue cancer with negative surgical margins were extracted from the National Cancer Database. Data were stratified by treatment received, including surgery only and surgery + postoperative radiation therapy. Univariate analysis was performed with a 2‐sample t test, chi‐square test, or Fisher exact test and log‐rank test, while multivariate analysis was performed with Cox regression models adjusted for individual variables as well as a propensity score.

Results

A total of 934 patients were included in the study, with 27.5% of patients receiving surgery with postoperative radiation therapy (n = 257). In univariate analysis, there was no significant difference in 3‐year overall survival between the patient groups (P =. 473). In multivariate analysis, there was no significant difference in survival between the treatment groups, with adjuvant radiation therapy having a hazard ratio of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.60‐1.44; P =. 748). Regarding tumors with a depth of invasion >5 mm, there was no survival benefit for the patients who received postoperative radiation therapy as compared with those who received surgery alone (hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.57‐1.53; P =. 769).

Conclusion

An overall survival benefit was not demonstrated for patients who received postoperative radiation therapy versus surgery alone for pT2N0 oral cavity tongue cancer, irrespective of depth of tumor invasion.
A Prospective Observational Study of Complications in 140 Sialendoscopies
Authors: Jokela Johanna , Tapiovaara Laura , Lundberg Marie , Haapaniemi Aaro , Bäck Leif , Saarinen Riitta
Published: June 2018

Objectives

To evaluate the incidence and nature of complications associated with diagnostic and interventional sialendoscopies and to report intervention failures in a prospective setup.

Study Design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

Academic tertiary care university hospital.

Subjects and Methods

Patients who underwent diagnostic or interventional sialendoscopy between October 2015 and December 2016 were prospectively enrolled. Patient data, operation‐related factors, treatment failures, and complications were recorded into a database and analyzed.

Results

A total of 140 sialendoscopies were attempted or performed on 118 patients; 67 (48%) were for a parotid gland and 73 (52%) for a submandibular gland. The sialendoscopy was interventional in 81 cases (58%), diagnostic in 56 (40%), and not possible to perform in 3 (2.1%). A total of 21 complications were registered for 21 sialendoscopies (15%) and 21 patients (18%). The most common complication was infection, in 9 cases (6.4%). Other observed complications were salivary duct perforation (4 cases), prolonged glandular swelling (3 cases), transient lingual nerve analgesia (2 cases), basket entrapment (2 cases), and transient weakness in the marginal branch of the facial nerve (1 case). All complications were related to interventional procedures or papilla dilatation. Failure to treat occurred in 21 (15%) sialendoscopies: sialendoscopy itself was unsuccessful in 3 cases, and an intended intervention failed in 18 cases.

Conclusion

Complications in sialendoscopy are usually related to interventional procedures. The complications are mainly minor and temporary but lead to additional follow‐up visits, further treatments, and sometimes hospitalization. Sialendoscopic procedures are safe but not free of complications.
Holocene sea-level change and coastal landscape evolution in the southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
Authors: Sloss Craig R , Nothdurft Luke , Hua Quan , O’Connor Shoshannah G , Moss Patrick T , Rosendahl Daniel , Petherick Lynda M , Nanson Rachel A , Mackenzie Lydia L , Sternes Alison , Jacobsen Geraldine E , Ulm Sean
Published: June 2018

A revised Holocene sea-level history for the southern Gulf of Carpentaria is presented based on new data from the South Wellesley Archipelago and age recalibration of previous research. Results confirm that rising sea levels during the most recent post-glacial marine transgression breached the Arafura Sill ca. 11,700 cal. yr BP. Sea levels continued to rise to ca. –30 m by 10,000 cal. yr BP, leading to full marine conditions. By 7700 cal. yr BP, sea-level reached present mean sea-level (PMSL) and continued to rise to an elevation of between 1.5 m and 2 m above PMSL. Sea level remained ca. + 1.5 between 7000 and 4000 cal. yr BP, followed by rapid regression to within ± 0.5 m of PMSL by ca. 3500 cal. yr BP. When placed into a wider regional context results from this study show that coastal landscape evolution in the tropical north of Australia was not only dependent on sea-level change but also show a direct correlation with Holocene climate variability. Specifically, the formation and preservation of beach-rock deposits, intertidal successions, beach and chenier ridge systems hold valuable sea-level and Holocene climate proxies that can contribute to the growing research into lower latitude Holocene sea-level and climate histories.
The Contribution of Human Capital in Aggregate and Sectoral Production: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Qadri Faisal Sultan , Waheed Abdul
Published: June 2018

This article examines the strength of relationship between human capital and production at aggregate and sectoral levels. The study uses an annual data set from 1981 to 2014 taken from Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. The study used aggregate and sector-wise production models and applied augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test to check the order of integration and JJ co-integration. Dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) and fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) tests are used to check the consistency of initial findings and the sensitivity analysis is performed in order to check the robustness of results. The study illuminates the impact of human capital on the production of agriculture, industrial and services sectors, and compares the strength of this relationship with the coefficients obtained through aggregate data. The study found evidence of positive human capital contribution in aggregate and sectoral productions; however, its magnitude is found to be similar in the agricultural and industrial sectors which was higher than the magnitude associated with the services sector.
Equity Values and Prediction of Earnings with Disaggregation of Earnings in India
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Mishra Chandra Sekhar
Published: June 2018

This article examined the relative performance of aggregated and disaggregated earnings for valuation of equity and prediction of earnings in India. We measured three levels of earnings disaggregation: aggregate earnings, total accruals and cash flows, and four major constituents of accruals, then we estimated pooled as well as individual industry-wise regressions. We adopted Barth, Beaver, Hand and Landsman’s (1999, Review of Accounting Studies, 4(3, 4), 205–229; 2005, Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 20(4), 311–345) linear information structure grounded on generalized version of Ohlson (1999) model. We compared our results with the studies based on developed market. Our findings say that aggregated earnings and its disaggregated components are value relevant, and the adjusted R-squares of every next disaggregated systems are higher than aggregated systems, but in varying range across industries. We also find that the investors are not capable of judging total accruals and cash flows separately for investment decisions in this emerging market.
Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Part of the Spectrum of Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder?
Authors: Cheung Chi Yuen , Lau Wing Hung , Cheuk Wah
Published: June 2018

A 56-year-old man, who received deceased kidney transplant 20 years ago, presented with an enlarged submandibular lymph node. Histologic examination revealed nodal marginal zone lymphoma in which the neoplastic lymphoid cells showed diffuse positivity for Epstein-Barr virus early RNA by in situ hybridization. Systemic lymphoma workup showed stage I disease. The tumor was managed as a posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder and the immunosuppression was modified. There was no evidence of lymphoma at follow-up 6 years after excision alone. This case supports the inclusion of Epstein-Barr virus–positive nodal marginal zone lymphoma as a form of monomorphic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, in line with the status of its extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma counterpart.
Assessing Mozambicans’ willingness and determinants to use pre-exposure prophylactic HIV medication
Authors: Vera Cruz Germano , Mateus Aniceto , Domingos Lídia , Mullet Etienne , Moore Philip J
Published: June 2018

In anticipation of the introduction of the pre-exposure prophylaxis drugs as an additional HIV prevention tool, we mapped the different positions of Mozambicans’ willingness to use it. Overall, 507 adults indicated willingness to use under different conditions varying as a function of perceived susceptibility to and severity of infection, side effects, administration protocol, and cost. Three qualitatively different positions were found: Unwillingness irrespective of conditions (4%), depend on circumstances (76%), and unconditional willingness (8%). A large majority of participants were willing to use pre-exposure prophylaxis drugs, provided that the administration is not too constraining, and the adverse side effects can be minimized.
Cerebral Liposarcoma Embolus From Heart Metastasis Successfully Treated by Endovascular Extraction Followed by Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Passhak Maria , Amsalem Yaaqov , Vlodavsky Eugene , Varaganov Inna , Bar-Sela Gil
Published: June 2018

The current case presents a patient with a tumor emboli stroke as a presenting symptom of a liposarcoma metastasis to the heart that was treated successfully with endovascular mechanical retrieval, followed by subsequent cardiac surgery. The patient is still alive, under chemotherapy treatment, 3 years following the interventions. This scenario should be considered as a part of the differential diagnosis of oncology patients presenting with new central neurological symptoms. This active approach can be an effective treatment if the patient is fit and there is no evidence of widespread disease.