bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meaningful relationships through observations
Authors: Yates David
Published: August 2022

In this Focus Feature we gain detailed insight into one particular EYFS team's journey of fine-tuning their observation skills in order to build authentic partnerships with families. The team gained understanding of how their observations support assessment for learning, and together with families they developed a shared appreciation of children's learning unfolding in front of them.
Lack of awareness
Authors: Leow Abigail
Published: August 2022

This article introduces a piece of undergraduate research around practitioner awareness of musical development, conducted by an early years practitioner and previous student. Abigail Leow shares with us her findings on the lack of awareness around this topic.
Picture Book Reviews
Authors: Celinska Angelica , Marycz Adam , Hewson Claire
Published: August 2022

From Characteristics of Effective Early Learning to Bringing Hygge into the Early Years, there's a lot to reflect on as well as to implement into practice from these professional texts.
A long winding road
Authors: Celinska Angelica
Published: August 2022

Journeys into the early years sector are sometimes unexpected, often coming from the fascinations with the way children develop, learn and interact with the world around them. This journey is certainly one which has sparked curiosity and fascination, including children's experiences of gender in early childhood, learning through play and children's relationships with pets.
Children's sense of self
Authors: Bartle Helen
Published: August 2022

Supporting children's sense of self is an integral part of an early years educator's role, this month early years teacher Helen Bartle (@theartofearlyyears_) shares an invitation her children engaged with before the end of term.
An absence of men
Authors: MacDonald Aoifean
Published: August 2022

Aoifean MacDonald shares his experiences as a student exploring gender in early years.
Supporting families through diagnosis
Authors: Beswick Charlie
Published: August 2022

Charlie Beswick, a teacher, and mum of twin neurodiverse boys, shares her experiences on both sides of the education system's support for children with neurodivergence.
Onchycobacter anthropi Pyomyositis in Immunocompetent Patient: Case Report
Authors: Loganathan Senthil , Qamar Adnan , Umashankar Thyagarajan , Dhanarajan Gokul Raj
Published: August 2022

Introduction:Ochrobactrum anthropi is an unusual low virulence emerging pathogen that rarely causes orthopedic infection and its clinical picture is not well described. It usually causes infection in immunocompromised hosts with indwelling catheters or foreign bodies, such as the central venous catheters. Case Report:We reported a case of O. anthropi pyomyositis in a 22-year-old immunocompetent male patient not on any invasive procedure presented with raised temperature, left shoulder pain, and restriction of movements. Diagnosis was confirmed with the help of MRI and biopsy. He was successfully managed with surgical debridement and appropriate antibiotics. Conclusion: Our case highlights the ability of O. anthropi to cause pyomyositis in immunocompetent individuals and its relevance in the field of orthopaedic infection.
An Unusual Case Study of Idiopathic Bilateral Deep Vein Thrombosis and Osteonecrosis of the Left Distal Tibia in an 11-year-old Girl
Authors: Choi Sarah M , Rad Darius R , Carpenter Eleanor C
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Deep vein thrombosis (DVTs) in children is rare, normally linked to pathologies such as major traumatic injury, thrombophilia, and malignancy. Osteonecrosis is still poorly understood. There is growing support to include hypercoagulable states as a predisposing factor, however, no definitive correlation has been found. At present, there are no conclusive literature on the links between osteonecrosis and DVT. Case Presentation: This report describes an unusual and rare case of osteonecrosis and idiopathic DVT in an 11-year-old girl who initially presented with a sprained left ankle. On follow-up, pain was persistent and subsequent radiological investigations revealed extensive DVT, and magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed osteonecrosis of the distal left tibia. Initial blood tests were normal, however with follow-up with hematology, a diagnosis of antithrombin deficiency was made, with the treatment of lifelong anticoagulation. Our patient had continued orthopedic input for clinical and radiographic surveillance to monitor leg length discrepancy. Conclusion: This case highlights the need to engage in close follow-up and the cautionary care required when young children present with non-resolving severe pain, to consider osteonecrosis and DVT. Our case also highlights the need for further research into the relationship between minor injuries and DVTs and osteonecrosis in children, and the potential synergistic relationship between DVTs and osteonecrosis.
Open Reduction Internal fixation of Incarcerated Greater Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Gruhonjic Imran , Dees Richard L , Parker Anthony , Glomset John
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Proximal humerus fractures are common injuries of the upper extremity. These fractures are frequent in the elderly population due to low-energy trauma and in the younger patient secondary to high-energy trauma that is associated with shoulder dislocations. Proximal humerus fractures are frequently classified according to the Neer classification which is defined by the number of segments and the amount displacement required to define the fracture as displaced. Segments include the greater tuberosity (GT), the lesser tuberosity, the humeral head, and the humeral shaft. Fractures are considered displaced if there is at least 45° of angulation or 1 cm of displacement. Case Report: We present a case of a 42-year-old Caucasian patient with a displaced and incarcerated GT avulsion fracture following a motorcycle accident. In this report, we describe the patient positioning, technique using open reduction internal fixation utilizing multiple anchors and suture to treat this injury and the successful outcome of our patient 1 year from the injury. Conclusion: While standard open reduction internal fixation techniques using plates and screws are appropriate for treating these injuries, we chose to pursue a method that involved only bio-absorbable suture anchors. Using these anchors, we were able to achieve an anatomic reduction of the GT fragment that ultimately went on to achieve full healing.
Intimate partner violence and HIV testing during antenatal care: A latent class analysis to identify risk factors for HIV infection in mothers and their children in the United Republic of Tanzania
Authors: Montiel Ishino Francisco A. , Rowan Claire , Ambikile Joel Seme , Conserve Donaldson F. , Lopez Diana , Sabado-Liwag Melanie , Williams Faustine
Published: August 2022

Intimate partner violence has adverse effects on mother’s overall health and prevention of mother to child HIV transmission. To identify and examine subgroups of mothers experiencing intimate partner violence and the likelihood of HIV testing during antenatal care, we conducted a latent class analysis using data from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2010 (N = 2,809). Intimate partner violence included mother’s experiences with partners’ controlling behaviors, as well as emotional, physical, and sexual violence. The outcome was mother’s accepting HIV testing offered during their antenatal care visit. Covariates included mother’s level of education, rural/urban residence, and prevention of mother to child HIV transmission talk during antenatal care visit. The latent class analysis indicated a three-class solution was the best model and identified the following profiles: mothers with no experience of intimate partner violence (61% of sample) with a 90.5% likelihood of HIV testing; mothers with moderate levels of intimate partner violence (26%) with an 84.7% likelihood of testing; and mothers with extreme levels of intimate partner violence (13%) with an 82% likelihood of testing. An auxiliary multinomial logistic regression with selected covariates was conducted to further differentiate IPV profiles, where mothers with extreme levels of intimate partner violence had 57% increased odds [95%CI:1.06–2.33, p = .023] of living in rural areas compared to mothers with no experience of intimate partner violence. Our person-centered methodological approach provided a novel model to understand the impact of multiple intimate partner violence risk factors on antenatal care HIV testing to identify mothers in need of interventions and their children at highest for parent to child HIV transmission. Our model allows person-centered interventional designs tailored for the most at-risk subgroups within a population.
Drug susceptibility profiling and genetic determinants of drug resistance in Mycobacterium simiae isolates obtained from regional tuberculosis reference laboratories of Iran
Authors: Daneshfar Sara , Khosravi Azar Dokht , Hashemzadeh Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Background

Among Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) which generally cause opportunistic infections, especially in immunocompromised hosts, Mycobacterium simiae (M. simiae) is one of the most important NTM, associated with pulmonary disease. The main concern about M. simiae infections is the extreme resistance of this NTM to antibiotics. There are limited studies about drug susceptibility testing (DST) and the causes of drug resistance in M. simiae. Hence, the current study aimed to identify the M. simiae isolates and to assess the drug resistance of the isolates using phenotypic and molecular methods.

Materials and methods

In this study, 50 clinical pulmonary isolates suspected of NTM were collected from regional tuberculosis reference laboratories in Iran. The isolates were identified as M. simiae by using standard biochemical tests and molecular methods. DST was performed for identified M. simiae isolates and additional 35 M. simiae isolates from the department archive, against eight drugs. The mutations in gyrA, gyrB, and rrl genes in clarithromycin and moxifloxacin resistant isolates were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing.

Results

Out of 50 suspected NTM isolates, 25 isolates were detected as M. simiae species based on the biochemical tests, and 18 isolates were verified based on the rpoB gene sequence analysis to achieve a total of 53 isolates when the archive isolates were included. DST results showed that all 53 isolates were resistant to isoniazid, rifampin, and clofazimine. The rate of resistance to ethambutol and linezolid were 34 (64%), and 40 (76%) respectively. The highest susceptibility rate was demonstrated for amikacin 53 (100%) and clarithromycin 45(85%), followed by moxifloxacin 35(66%). Sequence analysis showed mutations in positions 2058 and 2059 of the rrl gene, as well non-synonymous mutation at codons 389, 444, and 571 of the gyrB gene. Sequence analysis showed no mutation in the gyrA gene. drug-resistant isolates with mutations showed higher MICs compared to non-mutant resistant isolates.

Conclusions

This study revealed amikacin, clarithromycin, and moxifloxacin as the most effective antibiotics. However, since M. simiae exhibited a high level of antibiotic resistance in vitro, therefore, species identification and determining the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates are essential before treatment.
Subjective COVID-19-related work factors predict stress, burnout, and depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic but not objective factors
Authors: Spányik András , Simon Dávid , Rigó Adrien , Griffiths Mark D. , Demetrovics Zsolt
Published: August 2022

Background

Work-related stress is significantly higher among healthcare workers (HCWs) than in the general population. Elevated occupational stress has been linked to burnout syndrome and depression. Moreover, medical professionals working during infectious disease outbreaks are at especially high risk for these problems. The aim of the present study was to examine the mental health status of HCWs and possible predictors of mental health status related to the COVID-19 outbreak utilizing a complex comprehensive model.

Methods

In a countrywide cross-sectional survey among HCWs (N = 2087), work-related stress, COVID-19 -related objective work factors (displacement, frontline working) and subjective work factors (insecurity, unpredictability, workload), perceived stress, work-related stress, burnout and depression were assessed between the second and third wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary.

Results

COVID-19-related objective factors did not predict directly stress, burnout, and depression, whereas feelings of insecurity and unpredictability in relation to the COVID-19 situation at work had a significant medium-sized total effect (also considering the indirect effect via stress) on burnout and depression.

Conclusions

In order to prevent subsequent mental health problems during crisis situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare management should create a more predictable work environment and a safer work experience for healthcare workers and provide mental health support.
Testing the existence of an unadmixed ancestor from a specific population t generations ago
Authors: Illanes Gabriel , Fariello María Inés , Spangenberg Lucía , Mordecki Ernesto , Naya Hugo
Published: August 2022

The ancestry of each locus of the genome can be estimated (local ancestry) based on sequencing or genotyping information together with reference panels of ancestral source populations. The length of those ancestry-specific genomic segments are commonly used to understand migration waves and admixture events. In short time scales, it is often of interest to determine the existence of the most recent unadmixed ancestor from a specific population t generations ago. We built a hypothesis test to determine if an individual has an ancestor belonging to a target ancestral population t generations ago based on these lengths of the ancestry-specific segments at an individual level. We applied this test on a data set that includes 20 Uruguayan admixed individuals to estimate for each one how many generations ago the most recent indigenous ancestor lived. As this method tests each individual separately, it is particularly suited to small sample sizes, such as our study or ancient genome samples.
Measurement challenges and causes of incomplete results reporting of biomedical animal studies: Results from an interview study
Authors: Bruckner Till , Wieschowski Susanne , Heider Miriam , Deutsch Susanne , Drude Natascha , Tölch Ulf , Bleich André , Tolba René , Strech Daniel
Published: August 2022

Background

Existing evidence indicates that a significant amount of biomedical research involving animals remains unpublished. At the same time, we lack standards for measuring the extent of results reporting in animal research. Publication rates may vary significantly depending on the level of measurement such as an entire animal study, individual experiments within a study, or the number of animals used.

Methods

Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 18 experts and qualitative content analysis, we investigated challenges and opportunities for the measurement of incomplete reporting of biomedical animal research with specific reference to the German situation. We further investigate causes of incomplete reporting.

Results

The in-depth expert interviews revealed several reasons for why incomplete reporting in animal research is difficult to measure at all levels under the current circumstances. While precise quantification based on regulatory approval documentation is feasible at the level of entire studies, measuring incomplete reporting at the more individual experiment and animal levels presents formidable challenges. Expert-interviews further identified six drivers of incomplete reporting of results in animal research. Four of these are well documented in other fields of research: a lack of incentives to report non-positive results, pressures to ‘deliver’ positive results, perceptions that some data do not add value, and commercial pressures. The fifth driver, reputational concerns, appears to be far more salient in animal research than in human clinical trials. The final driver, socio-political pressures, may be unique to the field.

Discussion

Stakeholders in animal research should collaborate to develop a clear conceptualisation of complete reporting in animal research, facilitate valid measurements of the phenomenon, and develop incentives and rewards to overcome the causes for incomplete reporting.
Proteomic analysis of Masson pine with high resistance to pine wood nematodes
Authors: GAO Jingbin , PAN Ting , CHEN Xuelian , Wei Qiang , Xu Liuyi
Published: August 2022

Pine wilt disease is a dangerous pine disease globally. We used Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) clones, selected through traditional breeding and testing for 20 years, to study the molecular mechanism of their high resistance to pine wood nematodes (PWN,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus). Nine strains of seedlings of genetically stable Masson pine screened from different families with high resistance to PWN were used. The same number of sensitive clones were used as susceptible controls. Total proteins were extracted for tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomic analysis. The key proteins were verified by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). A threshold of upregulation greater than 1.3-fold or downregulation greater than 0.3-fold was considered significant in highly resistant strains versus sensitive strains. A total of 3491 proteins were identified from the seedling tissues, among which 2783 proteins contained quantitative information. A total of 42 proteins were upregulated and 96 proteins were downregulated in the resistant strains. Functional enrichment analysis found significant differences in the proteins with pectin esterase activity or peroxidase activity. The proteins participating in salicylic acid metabolism, antioxidant stress reaction, polysaccharide degradation, glucose acid ester sheath lipid biosynthesis, and the sugar glycosaminoglycan degradation pathway were also changed significantly. The PRM results showed that pectin acetyl esterase, carbonic anhydrase, peroxidase, and chitinase were significantly downregulated, while aspartic protease was significantly upregulated, which was consistent with the proteomic data. These results suggest that Masson pine can degrade nematode-related proteins by increasing protease to inhibit their infestation, and can enhance the resistance of Masson pine to PWN by downregulating carbon metabolism to limit the carbon available to PWN or for involvement in cell wall components or tissue softening. Most of the downregulated proteins are supposed to act as an alternative mechanism for latter enhancement after pathogen attacks. The highly resistant Masson pine, very likely, harbors multiple pathways, both passive and active, to defend against PWN infestation.
Triple-negative breast cancer influences a mixed M1/M2 macrophage phenotype associated with tumor aggressiveness
Authors: Pe Kristine Cate S. , Saetung Rattana , Yodsurang Varalee , Chaotham Chatchai , Suppipat Koramit , Chanvorachote Pithi , Tawinwung Supannikar
Published: August 2022

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by excessive accumulation of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs consist of a heterogeneous population with high plasticity and are associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Moreover, breast cancer cells can secrete factors that influence TAM polarization. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages in the context of TNBC. Cytokine-polarized M2 macrophage were used as control. Distinct from the classical M2 macrophage, TAMs generated from TNBC-conditioned media upregulated both M1- and M2-associated genes, and secreted both the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin IL-10 and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor- α. Theses TNBC-induced TAMs exert aggressive behavior of TNBC cells. Consistently, TCGA and MTABRIC analyses of human breast cancer revealed upregulation of M1- associated genes in TNBC comparing with non-TNBC. Among these M1-associated genes, CXCL10 and IL1B were revealed to be independent prognostic factors for disease progression. In conclusion, TNBC cells induce macrophage polarization with a mixture of M1 and M2 phenotypes. These cancer-induced TAMs further enhance tumor cell growth and aggressiveness.
Colony specificity and starvation-driven changes in activity patterns of the red ant Myrmica rubra
Authors: Vaes Oscar , Detrain Claire
Published: August 2022

Although the activity levels of insect societies are assumed to contribute to their ergonomic efficiency, most studies of the temporal organization of ant colony activity have focused on only a few species. Little is known about the variation in activity patterns across colonies and species, and in different environmental contexts. In this study, the activity patterns of colonies of the red ant Myrmica rubra were characterized over 15 consecutive days. The main goals were to evaluate the colony specificity of the activity patterns and the impact of food deprivation on these patterns. We found that the average activity level varied across colonies and remained consistent over 1 week, providing evidence that the activity level is a colony-specific life trait. Furthermore, all colonies applied an energy-saving strategy, decreasing their average levels of activity inside the nest, when starved. Starvation induced no consistent change in the activity level outside of the nest. An analysis of activity time series revealed activity bursts, with nestmates being active (or inactive) together, the amplitudes of which reflected the ants’ degree of synchronization. Food deprivation increased the amplitude and number of these activity bursts. Finally, wavelet analyses of daily activity patterns revealed no evidence of any periodicity of activity bouts occurring inside or outside of the nest. This study showed that M. rubra ant colonies are characterized by specific activity levels that decrease in response to starvation with the adoption of an energy-saving strategy. In addition, our results help to understand the functional value associated with synchronized and/or periodic fluctuation in activity, which has been debated for years.
Pretransplant survival of patients with end-stage heart failure under competing risks
Authors: Smith Kevin B. , Potters Tseeye Odugba , Zenarosa Gabriel Lopez
Published: August 2022

Heart transplantation is the gold standard of care for end-stage heart failure in the United States. Donor hearts are a scarce resource, however the current allocation policy—proposed in 2016 and implemented in 2018—has not addressed certain disparities. Between 2005 and 2016, the number of active candidates increased 127%, whereas transplant rates decreased 27.8%. Pretransplant mortality rates declined steadily for that period from 14.6 to 9.7, especially for candidates with mechanical circulatory assistive devices (MCSDs). This study reports survival analyses of candidates for heart transplantation list under competing events of transplantation and MCSD implantation. We queried the transplant data for a cohort of adult patients (age ≥ 16) without MCSDs prior to listing for transplantation between 2005 and 2014 (n = 23,373). We used cause-specific and subdistribution hazards models as multivariate regressions for all competing events. Patients listed as low priority for transplantation are less likely to require implantation but less likely to survive after 1,000 days of listing than patients listed at higher priorities. The current policy does not address this disparity as it focuses on stratifying patients with different types of MCSD. Clinical characteristics must be considered in prioritization.
Skull ecomorphological variation of narwhals (Monodon monoceros, Linnaeus 1758) and belugas (Delphinapterus leucas, Pallas 1776) reveals phenotype of their hybrids
Authors: Vicari Deborah , Lorenzen Eline D. , Skovrind Mikkel , Szpak Paul , Louis Marie , Olsen Morten T. , Brown Richard P. , Lambert Olivier , Bianucci Giovanni , Sabin Richard C. , Meloro Carlo
Published: August 2022

Narwhals and belugas are toothed whales belonging to the Monodontidae. Belugas have a circumpolar Arctic and sub-Artic distribution while narwhals are restricted to the Atlantic Arctic. Their geographical ranges overlap during winter migrations in the Baffin Bay area (Canada/West Greenland) and successful interbreeding may occur. Here, we employed geometric morphometrics on museum specimens to explore the cranium and mandible morphology of a known hybrid (NHMD MCE 1356) and the cranium morphology of a putative hybrid (NHMD 1963.44.1.4) relative to skull morphological variation in the parental species. Specifically, we used 3D models of skulls from 69 belugas, 86 narwhals, and the two known/putative hybrids and 2D left hemi-mandibles from 20 belugas, 64 narwhals and the known hybrid. Skull shape analyses allowed clear discrimination between species. Narwhals are characterised by a relatively short rostrum and wide neurocranium while belugas show a more elongated and narrower cranium. Sexual size dimorphism was detected in narwhals, with males larger than females, but no sexual shape dimorphism was detected in either species (excluding presence/absence of tusks in narwhals). Morphological skull variation was also dependent on different allometric slopes between species and sexes in narwhals. Our analyses showed that the cranium of the known hybrid was phenotypically close to belugas but its 2D hemi-mandible had a narwhal shape and size morphology. Both cranium and mandible were strongly correlated, with the pattern of covariation being similar to belugas. The putative hybrid was a pure male narwhal with extruded teeth. Comparison of genomic DNA supported this result, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values suggested that the putative hybrid had a more benthic foraging strategy compared to narwhals. This work demonstrates that although the known hybrid could be discriminated from narwhals and belugas, detection of its affinities with these parental species was dependent on the part of the skull analysed.
Distinct translatome changes in specific neural populations precede electroencephalographic changes in prion-infected mice
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Lech , Schleif Melvin , Dittrich Lars , Williams Rhiannan H. , Koderman Maruša , Bansal Vikas , Rajput Ashish , Schulte Theresa , Jonson Maria , Krost Clemens , Testaquadra Fabio J. , Bonn Stefan , Jackson Walker S.
Published: August 2022

Selective vulnerability is an enigmatic feature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), whereby a widely expressed protein causes lesions in specific cell types and brain regions. Using the RiboTag method in mice, translational responses of five neural subtypes to acquired prion disease (PrD) were measured. Pre-onset and disease onset timepoints were chosen based on longitudinal electroencephalography (EEG) that revealed a gradual increase in theta power between 10- and 18-weeks after prion injection, resembling a clinical feature of human PrD. At disease onset, marked by significantly increased theta power and histopathological lesions, mice had pronounced translatome changes in all five cell types despite appearing normal. Remarkably, at a pre-onset stage, prior to EEG and neuropathological changes, we found that 1) translatomes of astrocytes indicated reduced synthesis of ribosomal and mitochondrial components, 2) glutamatergic neurons showed increased expression of cytoskeletal genes, and 3) GABAergic neurons revealed reduced expression of circadian rhythm genes. These data demonstrate that early translatome responses to neurodegeneration emerge prior to conventional markers of disease and are cell type-specific. Therapeutic strategies may need to target multiple pathways in specific populations of cells, early in disease.
Outdoor School: Contemporary Environmental Art, Diane Borsato and Amish Morrell (Eds)
Authors: Modigliani Leah
Published: August 2022

Review of: Outdoor School: Contemporary Environmental Art, Diane Borsato and Amish Morrell (Eds)

Madeira Park, BC: Douglas and McIntyre (2021), 192 pp., h/bk, ISBN: 9-781-7716-2284-4, $44.95
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using nanocurcumin extracted from fresh turmeric of Vietnam
Authors: Kim Anh Le Thi , Dai Vuong Le , Quoc Bao Vo-Van , Phuong Nga Nguyen Thi , Luan Le Van
Published: August 2022

This study presents a novel process to synthesize curcumin nanoparticles from fresh turmeric. An ultrasonic-assisted cajeput oil in water emulsion technique was used to synthesize nanocurcumin. The prepared nanocurcumin was spherical with an average size of 47 nm and size distribution of 5–80 nm. The synthesized nanocurcumin showed improved aqueous-phase solubility, and it was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer for biosynthesizing silver nanoparticles. Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction pattern of the silver nanoparticles showed four distinct diffraction peaks at 38.3°, 44.6°, 65.1°, and 78.1° corresponding to the lattice planes of face-centered cubic silver ((111), (200), (220), and (311)). Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated the average size and maximum size distribution (80 %) of the silver nanoparticles were 10.9 nm and 5–15 nm, respectively. UV–visible spectroscopy measurement of samples indicated the localized surface plasmon resonance absorbance of an aqueous dispersion of silver nanoparticles at 406 nm. Zeta potential analysis revealed a negative charge with a magnitude of −27.2 mV, which indicated higher aqueous dispersion stability of the silver nanoparticles prepared from nanocurcumin. The nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
A new modified technique to study the dynamics of fractional hyperbolic-telegraph equations
Authors: Khan Hassan , Hajira  , Khan Qasim , Kumam Poom , Tchier Fairouz , Singh Gurpreet , Sitthithakerngkiet Kanokwan , Tawfiq Ferdous Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Usually, to find the analytical and numerical solution of the boundary value problems of fractional partial differential equations is not an easy task; however, the researchers devoted their sincere attempt to find the solutions of various equations by using either analytical or numerical procedures. In this article, a very accurate and prominent method is developed to find the analytical solution of hyperbolic-telegraph equations with initial and boundary conditions within the Caputo operator, which has very simple calculations. This method is called a new technique of Adomian decomposition method. The obtained results are described by plots to confirm the accuracy of the suggested technique. Plots are drawn for both fractional and integer order solutions to confirm the accuracy and validity of the proposed method. Solutions are obtained at different fractional orders to discuss the useful dynamics of the targeted problems. Moreover, the suggested technique has provided the highest accuracy with a small number of calculations. The suggested technique gives results in the form of a series of solutions with easily computable and convergent components. The method is simple and straightforward and therefore preferred for the solutions of other problems with both initial and boundary conditions.
Knowledge in action: what the feet can learn to know
Authors: Pettinen Katja
Published: August 2022

This article deploys Peircean approach to bodily skills, foregrounding motricity as a semiotically mediated and a “suprasubjective” process. By examining two contrasting skills – javelin and martial arts – I draw out the relevance of dynamic movement to the semiotics of sport and embodiment. These contrasting movements expose different epistemological assumptions since they emerge in distinct cultural traditions. To attend to the cultural dimension of movement practices – including the mediation of signs making certain movement forms seem reasonable or desirable in the first place – I highlight ecological dimensions of each somatic tradition. This ecological focus aligns with Peirce’s project of tracking how semiotic signs are positioned and mediated. To make ecological factors of motricity more recognizable, I contrast somatic engagements that take place on synthetic, predictable substrates and somatic engagements that take place on variable, unpredictable ground. In a similar way to the classic gestalt figure-ground relations, where perception of a figure depends on the particulars of the ground, I suggest that the ground upon which somatic action occurs shapes the way we make sense of it epistemologically. These different grounds – both literally and figuratively – operate representationally via thirdness: they lead us to conceptualize movement in culturally and historically particular ways.
Fencing blindfolded: extending meaning through sound, floor, and blade
Authors: Koncul Ana
Published: August 2022

Fencing for the blind and visually impaired is an emerging sub-discipline of fencing that creates unusual conditions for meaning-making through interaction between embodied endowments and worldly affordances. With the rules of fencing slightly adjusted to the needs of the blindfolded participants – regardless of their sightedness – the discipline requires the fencers to engage in a duel by relying on other than visual cues. This article explores what an autoethnographic account of experiences of participation in fencing for the blind and visually impaired brings to debates on the embodied, and specifically sensory difference. The discussion of these experiences intersects with debates on affect, affordance, and habit, with all three having important roles in related semiotic processes. Presented vignettes draw upon the author’s lived experiences of participation in fencing for the blind and visually impaired and are analyzed as part of a mixed-method autoethnographic study, accompanied by sensory methodologies, with a focus on an inquiry beyond the visual. The vignettes elucidate how we make sense of our surroundings through a complex engagement with the ecology of sensory and affective processes. In addition to exploring the role of affective and pre-conceptual aspects of our experiences, the article seeks to understand how semiosis occurs through both exposure to as well as the active pursuit of specific environmental signs available to us. The article also derives from biosemiotics to examine the complex relationship between meaning-making processes and habits. Finally, the autoethnographic account provides an insight into how we habituate the world and our embodied differences and thus enable meaning-making processes.
Ciris 58
Authors: Olszaniec Włodzimierz
Published: August 2022

This note argues that the text of Ciris 58 should read: illam etiam aerumnis quod saepe legamus Ulixi.
Clinico-pathological analysis of a rare case of pulmonary nocardiosis under the mask of disseminated tuberculosis
Authors: Kuzyk Petro
Published: August 2022

Nocardiosis is a rare infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Nocardia and characterized by the development of foci of purulent-necrotic inflammation of the lungs, brain, and internal organs. Clinical diagnosis of nocardiosis has objective difficulties.
The aim of the study is to highlight a rare clinical case of pulmonary nocardiosis, to analyze mistakes in the clinical diagnostics of the main disease, to discuss the differential diagnosis of nocardiosis.
Materials and methods. A clinico-pathological analysis of an inpatient and outpatient medical record card, and the results of an autopsy of a 58-year-old patient who died in an anti-tuberculosis institution from pulmonary nocardiosis has been carried out.
Results. According to the anamnesis, the patient suffered from COPD and chronic polyposis rhinitis with hypertrophy of the nasal turbinates for many years. Polypectomy and submucosal resection of the nasal septum were performed in the otolaryngology department. Wegener's granulomatosis was suspected during the intravital pathomorphological examination of nasal polyps, and glucocorticoids were prescribed in the hospital. Histological preparations and biological material of the patient were examined in clinics in Berlin, the diagnosis of “Wegener's granulomatosis” was not confirmed, however, domestic doctors recommended Medrol, which the patient received continuously for 5 years at a dose of 12 mg/day.
After 5 years, the patient was admitted to the hospital of a specialized anti-tuberculosis institution in serious condition with a clinical diagnosis: newly diagnosed disseminated tuberculosis of both lungs with disintegration, right-sided spontaneous tension pneumothorax, respiratory insufficiency of the III degree. According to urgent indications, thoracentesis and drainage of both pleural cavities were performed. Despite intensive therapy, the condition worsened, and biological death occurred 11 days after hospitalization.
During the post-mortem pathological examination, signs of tuberculosis of both lungs were not detected, nocardiosis of both lungs was diagnosed, which pathomorphologically manifested as multiple foci of purulent-necrotic bronchopneumonia with disintegration. Pathological diagnosis was confirmed by bacteriological and PCR examination of the post-mortem material. The disease developed on the background of wrongly prescribed long-term glucocorticosteroid therapy, which was carried out for the misdiagnosis “Wegener's granulomatosis”. No signs of Wegener's granulomatosis were found at autopsy. The direct cause of death was acute respiratory failure.
Conclusion. Thus, pulmonary nocardiosis was not diagnosed in the hospital, the reason for the misdiagnosis was the rarity of the disease and the objective difficulties of diagnostics. A decisive role in the development of nocardiosis was played by erroneously prescribed long-term glucocorticosteroid therapy, which should be considered as a pathology of the therapy
Comparison of dose volume histograms and international commission of radiation units and measurement point doses to bladder and rectum in carcinoma cervix patients treated with intracavitary brachytherapy in department of radiotherapy
Authors: Priya Munagapati Vishnu , Benjamin Gandi Joseph , Sagar Rasapalli Vineeth
Published: August 2022

International commission of radiation units and measurement point doses to the bladder and rectum in carcinoma cervix patients treated with intracavitary brachytherapy in the department of radiotherapy.
The aim: to evaluate two-dimensional point-based dose planning and three-dimensional computed tomography-based dose-volume parameters for high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy of cervical cancer.
Materials and methods: prospective study done between the years June 2018 to April 2020, a total of 50 prospectively registered women of non-metastatic carcinoma cervix treated with definitive concurrent chemo-radiotherapy followed by HDR intracavitary brachytherapy who met inclusion criteria were accrued in the study. All women in the study were treated with 50 Gy EBRT then assessment was done for response and adequacy for comfortable insertion of application. Brachytherapy procedure was performed under sedation in the lithotomy position.
Results: Median age of the entire group was 54.5 years, majority of them were in their 5th (34 %) or 4th (28 %) decade. Pathologically, all were squamous cell carcinoma. Most common subtype was large cell non keratinizing type (64 %). Major bulk of the study is contributed by stage IIA, IIB, IIIB. All patients were treated with external beam radiotherapy of 50Gy in 25 fractions with 2Gy per fraction followed by high dose rate brachytherapy of 7 Gy per fraction for 3 fractions, one week apart to a total intracavitary brachytherapy dose of 21Gy.
Conclusion: Results from the study suggests that rectum ICRU reference points can be surrogate markers for D2cc, but not for bladder and hence reporting should preferably be done in volumetric method rather than reference point doses
Clinical significance of dynamics between oxidative stress levels during mechanical lung ventilation in premature infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Klymenko Tetiana , Kononovych Mariia
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of the levels and dynamics of the urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, degree of pulmonary hypertension on choosing the duration and form of respiratory support in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome in combination with perinatal asphyxia.

Materials and methods. The levels of the urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), ng/ml were determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) method and the degree of pulmonary hypertension (PH) - by echocardiography in 60 premature new-borns at 26-32 weeks of gestation on the 1st and the 3rd–5th days of life. A comparative analysis of indicators was carried out in 2 groups: I – 32 children with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS); II – 28 children with RDS combined with perinatal asphyxia. All infants received a respiratory support, depending on the clinical condition, blood gas analyses, and the chest X-ray.

Results. The level and dynamics of the urinary 8-OHdG correlated to degree of PH, form, and duration of respiratory support. Children of the group II on the 1st day of life had echocardiogram indicators of mild PH and indicators of the urinary 8-OHdG 2.27±0.39 ng/ml; by 3rd–5th days of life – level of the urinary 8-OHdG increased to 4.10±0.42 ng/ml and the level of PH – to moderate, required 76.2 % longer respiratory support compared to children of the group I.

Conclusions. Prematurely born infants with RDS in combination with perinatal asphyxia have a higher oxidative stress (OS) levels and more significant pulmonary hypertension, which requires a longer respiratory support by 76.2 % and more often use of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) by 9.3 %
Educational example of masking textual information in a photographic signal
Authors: Holovin Mykola , Holovina Nina
Published: August 2022

The paper presents a steganographic method of masking textual information in photo files. Concealment is implemented in Python. The introduction of individual letters of the text into the image is carried out by the method of "least significant bit". The program can be used for both educational and practical purposes. The Pillow graphics library was used to implement the program. This is not a specialized library for steganographic needs. The use of this library makes it possible to visualize the mechanism of hiding information in the lessons, while the conciseness of the program code gives the possibility to demonstrate it in the classroom setting. It is also important for educational purposes, that working within the Pillow library allows you to see the state of an empty and filled container at the level of individual bits. To assess the practical value of the program, it was tested with texts of different lengths and with containers (photographs) of various kinds. The experiment showed the correct reproduction of texts. Careful visual examination of the empty and correspondingly filled containers (photographs) revealed no differences or suspicions of text bookmarks. Of course, if the party who intercepted the masked message has guesses about how the text is hidden, then this text is easily revealed. Therefore, it is obvious, that the use of the program for practical purposes requires additional manipulations in the code, in particular related to the order of implementation of the text and the choice of location.

It is also desirable to additionally encrypt the text with at least a simple method. Such encryption is possible with the usage of a separate program. Analysis of photographs and manipulation with them at the level of individual bits also has educational value in terms of disclosing a method of capturing the corresponding physical signal. The latter gives an explanation of the methods of encoding static images, noise level, the magnitude of the useful physical signal, and the limits of sensitivity of human vision
The role and place of the discipline “History of mathematics in the 21st century”
Authors: Mesarosh Livia
Published: August 2022

The key to the success of educational reform is a comprehensive and thorough training of future specialists in any field, with a broad scientific worldview and a high level of culture. For high-quality training of future professionals, a new stage has begun, characterized by the emergence of innovative technologies in the educational process. In higher educational institutions that train future specialists, there is an interest in the modernization of the educational process. The XXI century is a time of differentiation of sciences, earlier integral science was divided into smaller parts, new branches appeared, scientists specialized, individual researches give way to collective efforts. In such a whirlwind of events, the desire to study in detail and deeply any initial discipline, especially the history of its formation and development, is lost. In the absence of time, historical and mathematical information gradually becomes secondary, and should be consistent, clear, complete and arouse students' interest in the subject.

That is why it is important to emphasize some historical aspects of development, problems of teaching and learning, and possible ways to solve it in the discipline of "history of mathematics".

The research used methods of scientific knowledge: systematic and comparative analysis of literature, work programs, syllabi, pedagogical process on the problem of research, generalization and systematization.

It was found out, that the methods of teaching and learning have changed, although we have the opportunity to work with the latest computer technologies, but the role as an effective means of learning and the place as an integral part of the universal scientific heritage remain unchanged.

It is shown, that the history of mathematics will continue to serve as a discipline that is a kind of link between humanitarian, technical and natural sciences, contributes to the development of a scientific worldview and forms erudition