bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educational Management Graduates: A Tracer Study from Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Shelly Andari  , Aditya Chandra Setiawan  , Windasari  , Ainur Rifqi
Published: December 2021

Tracer Study is a study that can provide helpful information to evaluate higher education results and can then be used to improve and guarantee the quality of higher education institutions. This research uses a quantitative research approach with the type of survey research. The research population is graduates of the Educational Management Department who graduated in 2019 and 2020. The sample used is saturated sampling, where the entire population is a member of the sample. The study results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and extracted information about graduates, including the number of graduates. It includes who graduated, graduates employment status, waiting time for graduates, coverage of where graduates work, and other descriptions are required by Badan Akreditasi Nasional Perguruan Tinggi (i.e., BAN-PT). BAN-PT is an accreditation organization in Indonesia, where accreditation and input for curriculum development of Educational Management Department. The result showed that Educational Management graduates could be survived as employees or entrepreneurs that focus on Educational Management scope.
Validity and Practically of Learning Resources Flipbook Identification of Basidiomycota Mushrooms for Senior High School Students
Authors: Fajrul Falah  , Sifak Indana  , Tukiran
Published: December 2021

The aim of this research is to describe validity flipbook type e-book in terms of the feasibility content, language, and display; and describe the practicality of an e-book in terms of an implementation observation. The method used in this study is a modified research and development method and was carried out at the Postgraduate Science Education, the State University of Surabaya in February 2020 - August 2021. The data collection technique was carried out using the validation method and the implementation observation method. The assessment instrument uses a validation sheet and an implementation observation sheet. The validity of the flipbook type e-book is reviewed from the feasibility of the content, the feasibility of the language, and the feasibility of the display. The validity of the flipbook-type e-book was assessed by three validators which included two biology lecturers and one biology teacher. For practicality, use the implementation observation sheet in terms of the use of flipbooks during the learning process. The observation sheet contains statements that will be filled out by four observers. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively. The developed e-book was tested on 20 students of class X Senior High School students in August 2021. The validation results of the flipbook type e-book by three validators obtained an average score of 3.84 with a very valid category. Based on practicality in terms of implementation, flipbooks get an average percentage of 87.2%. Thus, the flipbook-type e-book on the identification of Basidiomycota fungi is declared valid and practical.
Factors Affecting Self-Regulation of Students in Indonesian Traditional Muslim Schools
Authors: Agus Fawait  , Safaruddin
Published: December 2021

This study aims at identifying the factors affecting students' self-regulation. It is seen from Gender, Age, and Duration of study in the Islamic Boarding Schools, Formal Education, Parental Education, Previous Education, and Students Place of Origin. It is to find a new format for the self-regulation of students in traditional Muslim schools. This study applies a quantitative approach to identify factors or variables that influence learning based on student self-regulation. The research design uses an instrument to explore and identify variables. This research is sample research with the Proportional Random Sampling Cluster technique. This technique is used because the population has elements that are not homogeneous and structured proportionally This study uses a sample of 108 students with different backgrounds. From the results of the analysis, it was found that out of the seven factors proposed as variables, five factors influence the self-regulation of students. The findings of this study provide evidence that the student's background dimensions can significantly influence students' self-regulation, so the better the student's background, the better the student's self-regulation. We recommend further studies for deeper examination and analysis of these factors.
Movement Control Order Policy to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 and Its Impact on Quarterly Growth and Its Components in Malaysia: A Synthetic Control Method for Policy Evaluation
Authors: Ertimi Basem , Sarmidi Tamat , Khalid Norlin , Helmi Ali Mohd
Published: December 2021

In an attempt to mitigate the effects of COVID-19, the Malaysian government imposed the Movement Control Order (MCO). To address the adverse impacts of the MCO policy, the Malaysian government initiated a series of recovery plans for both fiscal and monetary measures. This study aims to assess the government’s various policy measures on Malaysia’s leading macroeconomic indicators. Regardless of the differences in the gross domestic product (GDP) components, the real impacts on GDP growth are almost identical between Malaysia and a control group. This result is partly explained by the increase in total and domestic investment and private consumption.
Announcement Effect of COVID-19 on Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Usman Nuruddeen , Nduka Kodili Nwanneka
Published: December 2021

This study uses a fractional integration method to evaluate the efficiency of cryptocurrencies before and after the period COVID-19 had been announced as being a pandemic. Evidence of long memory is confirmed across all subsamples. Additionally, we find a greater degree of persistence during the COVID-19 pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic period.
Fertility and Parental Labor Supply in Rural Northwestern China: Evidence From Twin Births
Authors: Chen Qihui
Published: December 2021

This study exploits twin births to identify the effects of fertility on parental labor supply in rural northwestern China. Instrumental variable estimation suggests that having an additional child reduces mothers’ yearly labor supply by seven days and shifts their labor supply from wage work (a 10-day reduction) to farm work (a three-day increase). In contrast, paternal labor supply is unaffected by changes in fertility.
Diversidade+: o jornalismo literário como recurso de humanização à comunidade LGBTQIA+
Authors: Santos Walisson Oliveira , Rodrigues da Rocha Neto Elpidio
Published: December 2021

Esta pesquisa investiga se o jornalismo literário, com a proposta de humanizar histórias de vida, seria capaz de produzir novos sentidos acerca das identidades LGBTQIA+ e, em consequência, ressignificar a prática da representatividade ao valorizar a diversidade dos chamados “invisíveis” da sociedade contemporânea. Trata-se da perspectiva de uma especialização jornalística que se revela um campo amplo de atuação e oferece novas perspectivas na luta pela liberdade de pensamento e de expressão. O objetivo desta pesquisa visa utilizar o jornalismo literário para produzir uma revista com perfis de indivíduos, estruturando histórias de vida ligadas à comunidade LGBTQIA+. A proposta teórica do projeto encontra-se nos pressupostos metodológicos de revisão bibliográfica, abordagem qualitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, valorizando a percepção de que a subjetividade é constituída pelo seu discurso. Como resultados, a finalização da revista Diversidade+ compreendeu que a abertura de debates sobre a comunidade é importante, porque traduz a reconstrução da cidadania desses indivíduos; além disso, a revista é o produto comunicacional ideal para compreender uma visão histórica e mais ampla dessas histórias de vida, porque permite mudanças significativas na elaboração de um espaço mais democrático de direitos humanos e contribui para a educação e a sensibilização sobre as diferenças identitárias presentes na sociedade contemporânea. Conclui-se o jornalismo literário como recurso de humanização e que os perfis jornalísticos literários em revistas carregaram marcas e pontualidades que permitem ressignificar estereótipos que podem atuar positivamente na luta anti-LGBTQIA+fobia, aproximando representação e identidade de indivíduos invisibilizados e provocando novas leituras sociais.
Mapeamento de pontos de coletas de amostras de água na cidade de Almenara/MG utilizando geoprocessamento
Authors: Souza Adelson Rodrigues de
Published: December 2021

A utilização de mecanismos de geoprocessamento no estudo de questões que impactam a qualidade de vida das pessoas tem possibilitado avanços significativos. Órgãos públicos ou privados têm utilizado diversas ferramentas auxiliares conhecidas como Sistema de informação Geográfica (SIG) no mapeamento, monitoramento, implementação e levantamento de dados geográficos que podem ser utilizados para diversos fins. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho propõe a utilização do SIG, especificamente do Google Earth, para demonstrar uma prática que possibilita o mapeamento de pontos de coletas de amostras de água tratada na cidade de Almenara/MG, a partir das solicitações da legislação “anexo XX da portaria da Consolidação nº 5 do Ministério da Saúde”. Os resultados obtidos trouxeram um panorama espacial dos pontos de coleta de água distribuídos à população, os quais foram superiores ao legalmente estabelecido. Contudo, estes são utilizados através de rodízios com frequência mensal. Para mais, o Geoprocessamento se revelou como um instrumento informativo, no sentido de demonstrar como se dá a distribuição dos pontos de coletas de amostras da água tratada em Almenara.
Georreferenciamento amostral do patrimônio cultural de Diamantina/MG
Authors: Silveira Emmanuelle de Assis , Carvalho Frank Alisson de , Santos João Paulo dos
Published: December 2021

O Sítio Histórico da cidade de Diamantina/MG foi tombado pelo Iphan em 1938 e reconhecido como Patrimônio Cultural da Humanidade, pela Unesco, em dezembro de 1999. O resgate e a preservação dessa história fortalecem a identidade do seu povo e o território em que estão inseridos, além de contribuir para intensificar a cultura de preservação e divulgação da cidade e dos seus distritos. O geoprocessamento apresenta-se como uma tecnologia atualmente disponível e adequada para realizar mapeamentos, registros e compartilhamentos de informações, utilizando-se de técnicas matemáticas e computacionais. Considera-se a quase inexistência de materiais de registros de espacialização do fenômeno geográfico em questão nesse município, com vistas à preservação e divulgação do Patrimônio Cultural. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste artigo foi georreferenciar o Patrimônio Cultural municipal, adotando-se base de dados por pesquisa preliminar, utilizando-se dos softwares livres Google Earth e o QGIS, capazes de executar o geoprocessamento. O resultado da pesquisa foi a produção de mapas temáticos do Patrimônio Cultural de Diamantina/MG e seus distritos, tendo constatado que as ferramentas computacionais adotadas se apresentaram como acessíveis, práticas, oportunas e gratuitas.
Um panorama da aplicabilidade do geoprocessamento no planejamento urbano brasileiro:
Authors: Silva Leandro da , Barbosa Ygo Mendes Pereira , Ferreira Diego D'Angelo , Espirito Santo Kelly Crisiana do
Published: December 2021

Tem-se tornado cada vez mais relevante o uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento nos estudos urbanos como subsídio ao planejamento das cidades. Dessa forma, este trabalho apresenta um panorama da utilização do geoprocessamento no planejamento urbano brasileiro, a partir de técnicas, ferramentas/sistemas computacionais e metodologias mais adotadas nos últimos dez anos. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura (RSL) considerando artigos científicos disponibilizados na plataforma “Dimensions” publicados entre 2011 e 2021, Open Access (OA). Para a busca, utilizou-se como descritor “Geoprocessamento AND Planejamento AND Urbano”, citado nos títulos ou resumos e utilizados em conjunto. Foram identificados 37 artigos que foram organizados em seis categorias (Estudos dos aspectos naturais; Impactos socioambientais; Estudo dos aspectos socioeconômicos; Ordenamento e expansão urbana; Análise da paisagem urbana e periurbana; Teoria em geoprocessamento e modelagem,      segundo objetivos e abordagens de suas respectivas pesquisas.  Nosso estudo também possibilitou a análise das geotecnologias utilizadas no país no período de referência. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível verificar que a aplicação do geoprocessamento se dá principalmente em “estudos dos aspectos naturais” e em que se tem      preferido o uso de softwares de acesso livre, tais como o QGIS e o Spring, o que torna a execução dessas      tecnologias menos onerosa.
Geotecnologias aplicadas ao transporte de cargas no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Vieira Zildineia Santos , Gamero Alessandra Rodrigues , Soares Tatiane Braga , Lataliza Wellington Alencar
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar tecnologias que permitem realizar o rastreamento e monitoramento por satélite de veículos de cargas rodoviárias. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura pautada em estudos primários que envolveram investigações e análises de dados de empresas usuárias de tecnologias de rastreamento por satélite que integram o transporte rodoviário de cargas no Brasil. A busca dos trabalhos foi a partir de bases de dados informatizados Google Acadêmico, por meio das seguintes palavras-chave: “transporte de cargas”, “rastreadores de veículos”, “logística”, “roubos de cargas”. Definiu-se uma periodicidade, com análise de documentos publicados entre 2014 e 2020. Complementarmente, com o intuito de auxiliar a compreensão dos dados obtidos foi elaborado um mapa das Rodovias Federais Brasileiras por meio das bases cartográficas do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). A revisão bibliográfica possibilitou a seleção e análise de 13 estudos originais e distintos. O Sistema de Posicionamento Global (GPS) trata-se da tecnologia mais utilizada pelas empresas no rastreamento e monitoramento de cargas. O emprego de tecnologias proporcionou às empresas maior competitividade no mercado de trabalho. Neste sentido, conclui-se que estas tecnologias impactam positivamente nos sistemas rodoviários propiciando melhor eficiência na gestão, possibilitando o rastreamento e minimizando os roubos de cargas com consequente melhora na viabilidade econômica.
Análise multitemporal de áreas ocupadas por atividades de mineração a partir de índices espectrais no município Gran Sabana, estado Bolivar, Venezuela
Authors: Ramirez Daniel Andres Hernandez , Rojas Arol Josue
Published: December 2021

Objetivou-se caracterizar, ao longo do tempo, áreas ocupadas por atividades de mineração (diamantes e ouro) no Município Gran Sabana do Estado Bolívar na Venezuela, por meio de imagens Landsat 8 e Sensor OLI, para produzir um conjunto de dados. Foram utilizados os chamados Índices de Vegetação (IVs), sendo eles o Índice de Vegetação da Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) e o Índice de Vegetação Ajustado ao Solo (SAVI) dos anos 2014, 2016, 2018 e 2020, que foram também confrontados em uma análise multitemporal. A área estudada é representada pela presença de grandes recursos minerais (ouro e diamantes) e uma vasta extensão de vegetação. A partir disso, os mapas de NDVI e SAVI possibilitaram a visualização da ação exercida pela mineração no meio ambiente, demostrando uma região impactada, com aumento do desmatamento e dos solos expostos, fato fundamentado nos valores do NDVI e SAVI obtidos, quando são comparados com imagens anteriores. Pode-se destacar que o uso dos índices de Vegetação (IVs), como o NDVI e o SAVI, no mapeamento ambiental é apresentado de forma eficaz e simples compreensão.
O mal-estar da abordagem particularista na Geografia
Authors: Silveira da Silva Leonardo Luiz
Published: December 2021

Este ensaio reflete sobre os problemas advindos das abordagens particularistas na Geografia. Concluímos que o excesso de particularismo diminui o interesse potencial pelos manuscritos acadêmicos, sendo este a principal causa do que chamamos de mal-estar. Utilizando analogia da área de saúde, falamos em profilaxia como um modo de lidar com este efeito negativo dos particularismos. Acreditamos que a avaliação metodológica se faz necessária em um trabalho excessivamente particularista, para que o trabalho acadêmico seja replicável em outros contextos. Confiamos que o caminho em questão contribua para a formação de trabalhos que, apesar de terem foco no excepcional, possam servir como um formidável banco de possibilidades metodológicas.
Protection for Workers in The Fire Service Palembang City
Authors: Ahmad Yani Kosali  , Dita Marisa Putri  , Syaiful Sahri
Published: December 2021

In the implementation of national development, the workforce has a very important role and position as actors and development goals and is required to participate and play an active role with entrepreneurs in efforts to improve and improve the nation's standard of living by increasing production and work productivity.

Peace of mind and tranquility of workers can only be achieved if employers and workers can understand and live up to their respective rights and obligations so as to foster mutual understanding, mutual respect, and respect without neglecting the values ​​of rationality and accountability.

The development of the manpower sector as part of efforts to develop human resources is an integral part of national development as the practice of Pancasila, and the implementation of the 1945 Constitution, is directed at increasing human dignity, dignity and capabilities, as well as confidence in oneself in in order to create a prosperous, just and prosperous society both materially and spiritually.
The Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Potato Doughnuts Using Semi-Liquid Local Yeast Derived from Myrrh of Red Fermented Palm Sap
Authors: BanoEt Regina Ilse Marcelina
Published: December 2021

Natural or local yeasts are microorganisms from natural ingredients obtained from fermentation without the need for artificial additives. The objectives of the present study were 1.) to evaluate the physical quality of potato doughnuts produced from the local yeast derived from residue of red fermented palm sap, 2) to obtain the best treatment from the use of local yeast in making doughnuts. In the fermentation process, yeast converts sugar and carbohydrates in the dough into carbon dioxide gas (CO2) and alcohol. Doughnuts are made from wheat flour, but the addition of potato paste can improve the texture so that it is softer and tender due to the interaction between gelatinized starch and gluten but can reduce its swelling power.

            The experiment was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and five replications to produce 15 experimental units. The treatments were a) Control (commercial yeast); b) Wheat flour: potato paste: local yeast; 2:1:1; c) Wheat flour: potato paste: local yeast; 2:1:2 and d) Wheat flour: potato paste: local yeast; 2:1:3. The results showed that the best treatment formula was obtained in the treatment B (wheat flour: potato paste: local yeast; 2:1:1) with 20,6% moisture content,  2,09% protein content and 3,644 color value (very like), 3,800 taste value (very like) and texture/tenderness with a value of 1032,500.
Prevention and Countermeasures of Wild Levies on Behalf of Indigenous Villages
Authors: Yunika Sulistyawati Ni Putu , Ary Kusumawardhani Sang Ayu Made
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research is to find out the Prevention and Countermeasure of Wild levies on behalf of indigenous village. The type of research used in this research is empirical research. Empirical research is research that examines and analyzes the legal workers in society (law in action) the main data used is data sourced from the Prevention and Countermeasure of wild levies on behalf of indigenous village.

                The results indicate that the prevention and countermeasures of Wild levies on behalf of Indigenous Villages. The goals of community welfare and community protection, prevention and countermeasures of crime must be carried out with integral of the means of reasoning penal and non-penal. Viewed from the political point of the most strategic policy law through preventive, preventive and countermeasures of crime by means of reasoning and non-precision whose functionalization or operationalization through several stages, namely, the legislative policy stage, the judicial policy stage and the executive policy stage. Repressive efforts are a last resort in overcoming illegal levies efforts made to suppress the magnitude of the number of Hungarian criminal acts in order to have a deterrent effect and fear for perpetrators or communities who are later in wanting to commit criminal offenses will undo the intentions of the repressive legal remedies.
Nusantarazation Environmental Paradigm: Sustaining Biodiversity and Culture in Nusantara Malay Archipelago with Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK)
Authors: Salleh Sazlina , Mohammad Mahadi , Reevany Bustami Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Since Nusantara Malay Archipelago is a maritime community, its indigenous knowledge and local wisdom is largely connected to sea life and water. Nevertheless, there are also mountains, valleys, forests and flatlands; hence, local knowledge is also connected to these landscapes and spaces. This article submits the environmental paradigm of Nusantarazation  and its interconnectedness with local ecological knowledge (LEK) as well as reports on findings in the form of case exemplars in the field related to these constructs.  The authors argue that Nusantarazation  is an epistemological paradigm which is able to decolonize environment knowledge and provide an integrative framework for LEK, sustainable practices and technological know-how.  The spatial scope covers mainly areas in Malaysia and Indonesia as these are part of Nusantara.  Among the key findings are that LEK tend to be accompanied with seemingly unscientific or mythical narratives but are translated into practices that promote sustainability either in the land or waters.  This article also capture various local constructs and beliefs that capture the underlying value systems which are integral to conservation and ecological balance. Nevertheless, the Nusantarazation  environmental paradigm encounters challenges from colonial legacies of power modern practices and industrial complex that threaten to harm the environment and humanity.
Estate Regeneration and its Discontents
Authors: Watt Paul
Published: December 2021

Using original interviews with estate residents in London, Watt provides a vivid account of estate regeneration and its impacts on marginalised communities in London, showing their experiences and perspectives. He demonstrates the dramatic impacts that regeneration and gentrification can have on socio-spatial inequality.
Phytotoxic Activity of Geraniol-Treated Lemongrass Leaf Mulch against Common Weeds in Nurseries
Authors: Norliyana Fatin Omar  , Chuah Tse Seng
Published: December 2021

Hand weeding continues to be one of the most laborious aspects of nursery maintenance. Oxygenated monoterpene, an important group of secondary metabolite found in essential oils, has a potential herbicidal activity that could be exploited as natural herbicide whereas organic mulch could delay weed emergence. Thus, this study aimed to examine the phytotoxicity of geraniol, an oxygenated monoterpene compound, in combination with lemongrass leaf mulch against three common weeds, Eleusine indica (grass), Cyperus distans (sedge), and Tridax procumbens (broadleaf). Greenhouse experiments were carried out by treating 4.0 t/ha lemongrass leaf mulch with 7.5% (v/v) geraniol compound. The pretreated mulch acted synergistically and inhibited the emergence and shoot growth of T. procumbens completely. However, the pretreated mulch exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect on C. distans emergence and growth. Geraniol-treated lemongrass leaf mulch acted synergistically and inhibited the emergence of E. indica by 72%, but it acted antagonistically and caused a 45% reduction of shoot biomass. The present findings suggest that geraniol-treated lemongrass leaf mulch has potent herbicidal activity but its phytotoxic effect is species-dependent.
Muslim Travellers’ Perception on Quality of Service by Umrah and Hajj Travel Agencies in Malaysia
Authors: Ainatun Nabihah Mohd Shukri  , Kalsitinoor Set  , Azizul Yadi Yaakop
Published: December 2021

Millions of Muslims from all over the world perform Umrah and Hajj every year. There were 250,000 pilgrims from Malaysia in 2017, and the number is expected to grow by 20 percent in 2018. This projected increase will create a huge demand for Umrah and Hajj travel agencies’ services in Malaysia. At present, there are 328 Umrah and Hajj travel agencies registered under Malaysia’s Ministry of Tourism and Culture (MOTAC). However, the supposedly bright outlook maybe marred by undesirable consequences. Along with the increase in the number of Umrah and Hajj travel agencies, there also tends to be an increase in fraud Umrah packages offered by fake agents in Malaysia. Such incidents will cause sadness and anger in the victims and other involved parties. Umrah package fraud involving fake agents in Malaysia has attracted the attention of many including the public, the government, the private sector, even the media. Nevertheless, studies on correlation between Muslim travellers’ perception of the quality of service by Umrah travel agencies and their decision to purchase the Umrah package are scarce in Malaysia. Hence, this study investigated Muslim travellers’ perception of Umrah and Hajj travel agencies’ service quality and its influence on their decision to purchase the Umrah package, in an attempt to discover why some Muslim travellers fell into fake agents’ trap in Malaysia. A total of 319 Muslim respondents completed the questionnaire on service quality perception, specifically service quality elements and loyalty. The data obtained was examined using SPSS version 25 for descriptive and regression analysis. Umrah and Hajj travel agencies as well as relevant government agencies could use the findings of the study to assist with formulating plans and policies to improve the quality of service by Umrah and Hajj industry players and awareness among Muslim travellers on the importance of being able to identify bogus agencies. The limitations, implications and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
Competitive Capabilities of Small and Medium-Sized Accommodations (SMSAs) in East Coast of Malaysia
Authors: Nur Farah Zafira Zaidi  , Siti Nur ‘Atikah Zulkiffli  , Noor Zatul Iffah Hussin
Published: December 2021

The number of small and medium-sized accommodations (SMSAs) has increased in Malaysia in tandem with the growth of the tourism industry worldwide. The states involved in this study were Terengganu, Kelantan and Pahang. The SMSAs in these states are rated using Orchid rating, namely 1-Orchid, 2-Orchid and 3-Orchid, generated by the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture Malaysia (MOTAC). This study applied the Resource-based View (RBV) theory to investigate four factors (marketing management, human resources management, innovation capability management and information technology) assumed to be competitive capabilities that may influence accommodation’s performance. The objective of the study is to examine whether the four factors influence the performance of Orchid-rated accommodations located in the East Coast of West Malaysia. The results revealed that the four factors do not have any relationship with the accommodation’s performance. The analysis also singled out one argument of the director of SMSA that competitive capabilities are not important to their business. This argument coincides with the results of the analysis that the four factors are not significant with regards to the accommodations’ performance.
Study of Morphology, Prevalence and Mean Intensity of Monogeneans Infecting Pond Reared Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Striped Catfish) in Besut, Terengganu
Authors: Sarah Salehah  , Faizah Sharom
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to determine the morphology, prevalence and mean intensity of monogeneans on gill filaments of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Pangasiidae). P. hypophthalmus are important economic fish in Southeast Asia region and predominantly produced in Asian countries such as Malaysia, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, China and Cambodia through aquaculture. Thirty fish were sampled from an earthen pond located in Kuala Besut, Terengganu, in the period from January to February, 2018. The monogenean parasites were removed from the gill filaments and counted. For the morphological study, the extracted monogeneans were mounted on a slide by using drop of ammonium picrate-glycerin (APG) and then were observed under the Compound Advanced Research Microscope. The drawing was done with the aid of lucida camera attached to compound microscope. The monogenean parasite was identified as Thaparocleidus sp based on the characteristics of the morphology and morphometrics of the parasite, which did not differ significantly from the previous descriptions of the same species discovered in other geographic locations. The prevalence and mean intensity levels were 100% and 106.07 parasites per fish, respectively. The monogenean parasites discovered throughout this examination were recorded and the data obtained was summarized.
Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) Divergence Assessment of Family Nemipteridae from Malaysian Waters
Authors: Liew You En  , Salwani Abdullah  , Tan Min Pau  , Mazlan Abd Ghaffar  , Alias Man  , Tun Nurul Aimi Mat Jaafar
Published: December 2021

DNA Barcoding, primarily focusing on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene has been appraised as an effective tool for species identification. Nonetheless, species identification based on molecular approach is essential for discrimination of look-alike species. In this study, we focused on the marine fishes Family Nemipteridae, one of the commercially important group distributed within the surrounding seas of Malaysia. Some of the samples were collected during the National Demersal Trawl Survey in the Exclusive Economic Zone of East Coast Peninsular Malaysia by the Department of Fishery Malaysia. A 652bp region of COI was sequenced for 74 individuals from nine putative species. Additional 34 COI sequences from GenBank were also included in this study making the total number of samples analysed to 108 individuals. The average Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) nucleotide divergence was 0.34% among individuals within species and 6.97% within genera. All putative species formed monophyletic clades in both Neighbour-joining (NJ) and Maximum-likelihood (ML) trees. However, there was a potential misidentification in specimen identified as Nemipterus tambuloides, as the specimen did not group with their own taxa. It was genetically grouped in Nemipterus thosaporni clade. This study supports the effectiveness of COI gene in species discrimination of Family Nemipteridae.
Socio-Economic Profile and Monthly Income of Fishermen in Marang, Terengganu
Authors: Miza Nursyazwin  , Alfian Zein
Published: December 2021

This study was carried out in Marang, Terengganu. The objective of this study is to analyse the socio-economic profile of fishermen and their monthly income. The Slovin’s formula was used to calculate the number of respondents in Marang and the data was collected through a survey involving 50 respondents consisting of Malay fishermen. The results of the study showed that the dominant types of fishing gear used were hooks and lines, gillnets and purse seines. The socio-economic profile showed that a majority of the fishermen (35%) were aged between 40-49 years, 36% of the fishermen had between 10-19 years of experience, and 55% of the fishermen had between 2-5 children. The average monthly income of the fishermen was MYR1853.49 for those using hooks and lines, MYR2105.09 for gillnets and MYR2595.39 for purse seines. It appears that the use of purse seines generated the highest income for the fishermen. Generally, the income was not fixed as it depended on the amount of catch for each fisherman’s trip, which was also affected by the season.
Emergence of Mega Vessels and Their Influence on Future Malaysian Seaport Expansion Requirements
Authors: Nur Anis’sa Ismail  , Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh  , Jagan Jeevan
Published: December 2021

The emergence of mega vessels is not a new event in container shipping industry. Containerization has caused a spectacular growth in maritime transportation and brought significant developments to the industry, ranging from operation systems to seaport infrastructure expansion. Container vessels have gotten larger, with some having the capacity of 18,000 TEUs (Triple E Class), to cope with the demand for economies of scale (EOS). Mega vessels can influence the strategic planning of seaport operators for massive infrastructure development and investment on existing terminals at the seaports. The objective of this research is to identify and measure the requirements for seaport expansion that need to be prioritized by seaport operators to accommodate mega vessels. Additionally, this research aims to determine the challenges faced by seaport operator to meet the seaport infrastructure expansion requirements. Two mathematical methods were employed, namely Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Evidential Reasoning (ER). The results showed that the most important requirement for seaport expansion is navigation aspect followed by berth expansion, terminal, yard and gate operations. This research is expected to assist seaport operator in making a decision on prioritizing t requirements for expansion. Furthermore, this research aims to measure the readiness of seaports to serve mega vessels in global shipping industry in order to achieve competitive advantages.
Effects of Different Exposure Times of Led Lights on Postharvest Performances of Fresh-Cut Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. cv. Josapine)
Authors: Leong Jia Qi  , Wan Zaliha Wan Sembok
Published: December 2021

Pineapple is one of the most important commercial fruit crops served in fresh-cut form which is convenient for the consumers. However, fresh-cut pineapple induces the activity of phenolic compounds which triggers the generation of brown or dark pigments. Browning incidence (BI) directly influences the fruit’s acceptability and marketability. Therefore, different exposure times (5mins, 10mins, 15mins and 20mins) and types of LED lights (white, red and blue) were applied on fresh-cut pineapple stored at 5oC storage for twelve days to reduce BI. A significant interaction between the two factors was recorded in lightness coefficient, chroma, total phenolic and ascorbic acid (AA) contents. Regardless of exposure times, all types of LED lights, mainly the blue light, succeeded in delaying BI in fresh-cut pineapple. In conclusion, blue light had a tendency to delay BI and maintain the other postharvest quality attributes of fresh-cut pineapple.
Effects of Salicylic Acid and Sucrose Solution on Vase Life of Cut Antigonon leptopus Inflorescences and Their Potential as Cut Flowers for Flower Arrangement
Authors: Haidar Hariri Abu Seman  , Husni Hayati Mohd Rafdi
Published: December 2021

Pink Antigonon leptopus have potential to be commercialized as cut flowers for flower arrangement. In order to determine cut inflorescences' vase life, vase solution treatments containing Artificial Tap Water as control, salicyclic acid (SA) at 100, 200, 300 mg/L and combination of 100, 200, 300 mg/L SA with 2% sucrose were conducted. Parameters observed were vase life, relative fresh weight (RFW), vase solution uptake (VSU), flower drop (FD), flower colour, relative water content (RWC) and pH. The results showed that cut inflorescences in vase treatment containing 200 mg/L SA + 2% sucrose and 300 mg/L + 2% sucrose had 1.6 fold longer vase life than the control, showing higher water uptake and reduced flower drop by 28%.
Solar Photocatalytic Efficiency of Zinc Oxide for Water Decontamination
Authors: Farah Eilyana Mohamed  , Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Solar photocatalysis is a green technology that takes advantage of sustainable solar energy for enhancing oxidation process of numerous harmful water contaminants. In this study, a custom solar driven zinc oxide (ZnO)-mediated photocatalytic system was developed and its efficiency to remove organic contaminants as well as to disinfect selected bacteria was investigated. Methylene blue (MB) dye was used as the model organic contaminant, while Escherichia coli (E.coli) was used as the model fecal coliform bacteria in contaminated water. A series of photodegradation experiments were conducted on water contaminated with either 10 mg/L of MB or ~1010 CFU/ml of E.coli. The experiments were completed under sunlight irradiation in the presence of 1 g/L of nano ZnO photocatalyst for up to 6 hours. Using a solar thermal collector, the photoreactor operated in the temperature range of 25 to 50 oC. The findings revealed that the combination of solar thermal with solar photocatalysis using ZnO intensified the degradation of MB and disinfection of E.coli. 98.08% of MB dye and 99.99% of E.coli were successfully removed from the water within the first 3 hours of treatment. Almost complete removal was eventually achieved after 6 hours of treatment. It is therefore suggested that ZnO-based solar photocatalytic system developed in this study is highly efficient at enhancing water decontamination process.
Removal of Cadmium Ions from Synthetic Wastewater by using Pennisetum purpureum (Elephant Grass) as Low Cost Biodegradable Adsorbent (Biosorbent)
Authors: Ling Shing Yun  , Asmadi Ali
Published: December 2021

At present, heavy metal pollution is a major environmental concern and the adsorption technique is a potent method for removal of these heavy metals from wastewater. Activated carbon is one of the best adsorbents for metal ions removal but it is sometimes restricted due to high cost and problems with regeneration hamper large scale application. Low cost adsorbent is alternatively being introduced to replace activated carbon since it is available in large quantity, renewable and inexpensive. Hence, Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) was investigated for its potential in cadmium ions removal. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) analyses. The effects of pH (1 to 5), initial metal ion concentration (5 to 25 mg/L), contact time (10 to 60 minutes) and adsorbent dosage (0.2 to 1.0 g) on cadmium ions removal were conducted by batch adsorption experiments. In this study, the FT-IR results demonstrated that the functional groups for untreated and nitric acid-treated P. purpureum mainly consisted of carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl and amine groups which are able to bind with positively charged cadmium ions. SEM micrographs have proven that nitric acid modification would remove the surface impurities of P. purpureum, which increased the surface roughness, produced deep, open pores and better pore size distribution. From the BET and BJH analyses, the treated P. purpureum was mesoporous, had larger surface area and pore volume compared to untreated P. purpureum. The best pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time were pH 4, 0.6 g and 30 minutes, respectively. The highest removal percentage of cadmium ions for both untreated and treated P. purpureum were 92% and 98% correspondingly. The results shown strengthened the fact that both biosorbents have great potential in cadmium ions removal.
Strength and Durability of Kenaf Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Marine Structures
Authors: Nur Fikriah Hashim  , Nuraqilah Mohd Zainal  , Nurain Jamil  , Nurul Nasuha Mohd Nor  , Suriani Mat Jusoh
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, Kenaf fiber is sustainably useful in marine structures and has become one of the materials that may be high in demand as it is light, biodegradable and environmental friendly. This study investigates the effect of fiber percentage on compressive strength of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and the relationship between compressive strength and time of FRC immersion in seawater. FRC concrete cubes were prepared using four different percentage of fiber (0%, 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5%). These FRC were immersed in seawater for 7, 14 and 21 days for three consecutive weeks. Based on the experiment, it was found that there was improvement in compressive strength of FRC when compared to plain cement concrete. The results showed that 3.0% of KF to cement matrix concrete determined the highest compressive strength of 205.43 Pa while 0% of KF fiber to cement concrete matrix (control specimen) showed the lowest compressive strength of 158.28 Pa. Also the addition of Kenaf fiber to cement concrete decreased the seawater absorption more than concrete with absolutely 0% of KF fiber to cement concrete (control specimen). In conclusion, the results did show significant improvement and a consistent trend on strength with the addition of FRC. This study also revealed that the percentage of water absorption was on the increase for 0, 7 and 14 days and become constant after day 21. This is due to manufacturing defects that occurred which block the water from entering the material and making the material absorb less water.
Effect of Pea Protein Isolate, Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Pectin and Their Interaction on Physicochemical and Oxidative Stability of Oil-in-Water Emulsions
Authors: Ng Pei Qi  , Nor Hayati Ibrahim  , Azlin Shafrina Hasim
Published: December 2021

Biopolymer interaction in oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions has been demonstrated to positively modify the emulsion physicochemical properties which lead to desirable stability. The present work focused on the effect of pea protein isolate (PPI), pectin, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and their interaction on physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of o/w emulsions using a mixture design approach. The emulsions were prepared with 40 % sunflower oil stabilized with 1 % of PPI, pectin and CMC, respectively, as well as their mixtures according to a simplex-centroid design (10 points). The pH values for all emulsions were within acidic condition (3.22 to 4.66) and increased significantly (p<0.05) as the PPI-CMC level increased. Regression modelling revealed that ternary mixture of PPI-pectin-CMC had the strongest significant (p<0.05) synergism on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (85.06 to 91.17 %). Besides, interaction between PPI and CMC significantly (p<0.05) reduced the interfacial tension and at the same time thickened the interfacial membrane to provide the emulsion with desirable small droplet size (10.56 μm). This synergistic interaction effect also significantly (p<0.05) improved oxidative stability of the emulsion resulting in low total oxidation value (<7) due to decreased oxygen transportation rate across the thick interfacial membrane surrounding the emulsion droplets. Moreover, with high coefficients of determination (R2 > 96%) and insignificant lack of fit (p>0.05) of the fitted models, this study also proved that the mixture design with regression modelling was useful in elucidating PPI, CMC and pectin interactions and also able to empirically predict the responses to any blend of combination of the components.
Distribution and Diversity of Foraminifera in the Northwest of Sarawak Offshore Waters, Malaysia
Authors: Wan Nur Syarah Binti Wan Muhamed Sabri  , Omar Abdula Rahman Abdul Manaf  , Fatin Izzati Minhat
Published: December 2021

A study on distribution and diversity of benthic foraminifera in surface sediments was carried out in Northwestern Sarawak waters, Malaysia. The range of water depth at the study site was between 43 m and 71 m. A total of seven sediment samples were taken for this study. As a result, 11 genera were identified from a total of 1,222 individuals of foraminifera. 200 individuals were picked out from each sample. The 11 genera that were identified from the study site included Heterolepa spp., Textularia spp., Quinqueloculina spp., Operculina spp. Pseudorotalia spp., Amphistegina spp., Cylindroclavulina spp., Elphidium spp., Ammobaculites spp., Asterorotalia spp. and Bolivina spp.. The common genera found in the sediments of the study areas were Heterolepa, Textularia, Quincoloculina, Operculina and Pseudorotalia. The highest and lowest values of Fisher alpha and Shannon-Wiener indices were shown at Station C287 and Station B482 respectively. The highest value of Fisher alpha was 3.23 and the lowest value was 1.97.  The highest and lowest values of Shannon-Wiener were 2.30 and 1.91. The highest index value of diversity was 3.23 at depth 67.76 m and the lowest value was 1.53 at depth 45.54 m and 68.45 m. From this study, depth is not the main factor that influences the diversity of benthic foraminiferal in northwestern Sarawak waters.
Macrofungi of Pulau Bidong
Authors: Tsia Mun Kaik  , Aqilah Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Studies on fungal taxonomy and fungal diversity are crucial for a better understanding of the interactions between fungi and their habitats. To date, there is no published record on macrofungal diversity in Pulau Bidong, Terengganu. Therefore, this study aimed to identify macrofungi species found with their respective substrates and to determine the macrofungal diversity in the island. The study was conducted at two different occasions and comprised of two trails near Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Research Station in Pulau Bidong, Terengganu. Collection of fresh macrofungi was made and additional data including host information, distinctive features of each fungal sample and several environmental parameters was also recorded. Fresh specimens were later observed and identified before being dried prior to storage.  Overall, 65 macrofungal species with 2 unidentified species belonging to 21 families and 34 genera were recorded. Trail A and trail B recorded diversity index of 2.67 and 3.14 for Shannon Index while Simpson index recorded 0.90 and 0.94 respectively. The macrofungal diversity was dominated by family Polyporaceae while rare species discovered were from family of Tricholomataceae, Hericiaceae, Stereaceae, Schizophyllaceae, Sclerodermataceae, Dacrymycetaceae, Tremellaceae, Russulaceae and Clavulinaceae. The most common macrofungal substrates was decayed branches while other macrofungal substrates found were decayed trunks and leaves, soil, termite mounds, and living tree. In conclusion, the macrofungal species were randomly distributed with high diversity in both trails. Therefore, it is recommended that an increase in sampling trips, sampling efforts and areas covered be provided to increase the number of macrofungal species discovered and accuracy of diversity studies in the future.