bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Tarif Angkutan Umum Rute Manado – Likupang Berdasarkan Ability To Pay (Atp) Dan Willingness To Pay (Wtp) Di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Nariendra Pradhana W , Juanita Juanita , Saputri Wiwit Probo
Published: November 2021

Dalam mendukung perkembangan destinasi super prioritas Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional (KSPN) Likupang, Sulawesi Utara, diperlukan peran sistem transportasi yang baik dan handal sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan perkembangan zaman. Salah satu sarana transportasi yang mudah untuk dijangkau oleh masyarakat adalah angkutan umum. Angkutan umum pada Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional (KSPN) Likupang bertujuan untuk memfasilitasi pergerakan masyarakat yang hendak melakukan perjalanan wisata. Karena dengan angkutan umum yang cepat, murah, nyaman dan aman diharapkan dapat meningkatkan minat wisatawan untuk mengunjungi daerah wisata Likupang. Tarif angkutan umum merupakan salah satu faktor terbesar dalam menarik wisatawan untuk melakukan perjalanan menggunakan angkutan umum. Pada prinsipnya penentuan kebijakan pentarifan dapat ditinjau dari beberapa stakeholder transportasi, yaitu pengguna (user), operator dan pemerintah (regulator). Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka diperlukan penelitian mengenai Ability To Pay (ATP) dan Willingness To Pay (WTP) yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk menentukan kebijakan besaran tarif yang diperlukan untuk pengembangan kinerja pelayanan angkutan pada Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional (KSPN) Likupang, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Dari hasil pengolahan data diperoleh bahwa kemampuan membayar masyarakat (Ability To Pay) terhadap tarif jasa angkutan umum wisata rute Manado-Likupang yaitu Rp.2.344,-/pnp-km atau Rp.140.618,-/pnp-trip.Kemauan membayar masyarakat (Willingness To Pay) terhadap tarif jasa angkutan wisata rute Manado-Likupang yaitu Rp.1.377,-/pnp-km atau Rp.82.619,-/pnp-trip
Titolarità e funzione nel regime dei beni civici
Authors: Vaccarella Maria
Published: November 2021

La presente ricerca rivisita l’antico istituto dei beni civici nella prospettiva della valorizzazione delle collettività locali, dello sviluppo sostenibile e dell’integrazione delle competenze nel governo del territorio e nella tutela dell’ambiente e del paesaggio e propone una loro nuova funzione, rispettosa dell’originaria, in un contesto di tendenziale prevalenza della destinazione e utilizzazione dei beni pubblici sulla mera titolarità
Stato federale e «national interest». Le istanze unitarie nell'esperienza statunitense
Authors: Bologna Chiara
Published: November 2021

Le crescenti richieste di maggior autonomia da parte degli enti territoriali, stimolate dal processo di globalizzazione dell'economia e dalla crisi fiscale dello stato sociale, non fanno venir meno la necessità di interventi delle istituzioni nazionali che preservino l'unità giuridica e la coesione sociale dello stato. L'esperienza del regionalismo italiano è sotto questo profilo emblematica: il venir meno, con la riforma costituzionale del 2001, della clausola dell'interesse nazionale, non ha fatto venir meno l'esigenza di tutelare le istanze unitarie, richiedendo, come ha sottolineato la Corte costituzionale in più occasioni, «una deroga alla normale ripartizione di competenze». Può essere allora interessante cercare di capire come tale deroga sia avvenuta in un ordinamento, come quello statunitense, che si confronta da più di due secoli con la ripartizione verticale del potere e che sembra oggi, con la presidenza di Barack Obama, avviarsi ad una nuova stagione di vigorosi interventi nazionali. L'osservazione di un sistema come quello statunitense, propriamente federale, è ancor più utile in presenza di un innegabile avvicinamento tra il modello dello stato federale e quello dello stato regionale. Con quali meccanismi, allora, la federazione statunitense ha superato i limiti che il catalogo dei poteri enumerati in Costituzione sembrava assegnarle? Con quali strumenti è intervenuta, ad esempio, per garantire diritti civili e sociali?
Il codice veronese in trasparenza
Authors: Briguglio Filippo
Published: November 2021

Nel piano programmatico finalizzato a una nuova lettura del Codice Veronese, questo volume mira soprattutto a fare luce sull’iter diacronico di formazione del testo delle Institutiones di Gaio. Tale esame è volto a conoscere, al livello editoriale, quale impiego fu fatto, dai primi trascrittori, dei vari testimoni utili alla constitutio textus dell’opera gaiana e di comprendere meglio le ragioni di certe letture del Manoscritto Veronese. L’autore indaga sulla fase per così dire genetica del testo gaiano che ricopre un lasso di tempo di oltre sessant’anni, a partire dalla riscoperta del palinsesto, avvenuta, in un milieu culturale caratterizzato dalla più accesa e competitiva Palimpsestforschung, nel settembre del 1816. Questo periodo è contraddistinto da vari momenti di grande rilievo che sono fra loro concatenati: la prima trascrizione veronese del Codex del 1817, la frenetica opera di rielaborazione berlinese degli anni successivi, la prima edizione critica delle Istituzioni di Gaio del 1820 con le sue successive revisioni e, infine, la fase degli Apografi (1866-1874) che ha il suo compimento con la pubblicazione dei Supplementa di Studemund del 1884. È in tale periodo che si formò il nucleo fondamentale del testo delle Istituzioni di Gaio, caratterizzato dalle scelte ermeneutiche dei protagonisti di quel momento storico, su cui in seguito vennero poste le basi di tutte le successive costruzioni dogmatiche apparse in letteratura
«Proxeneta est in tractando»
Authors: Legnani Annichini Alessia
Published: November 2021

Il volume indaga le origini della categoria professionale del mediatore di commercio, disegnandone l’identità e precisandone attività, incompatibilità, responsabilità criminale e civile nell’arco storico ricompreso tra Basso Medioevo e prima Età Moderna. Ne emerge un ritratto caratterizzato da poche luci e molte ombre, viziato dalla considerazione deteriore espressa dalle fonti dottrinali benché la senseria risulti spesso necessaria per la riuscita delle contrattazioni commerciali. Il profilo del proxeneta è stato ricostruito privilegiando lo scandaglio e la razionalizzazione della dottrina di diritto comune in quanto presupposto ineludibile di ogni percorso giuridico all’interno del complesso coacervo di fonti che connotano gli ordinamenti giuridici di Antico Regime
L’arte dell’avvocato, actor veritatis
Authors: Bellodi Ansaloni Anna
Published: November 2021

Il volume ripercorre la dottrina retorica romana al fine di delineare la tecnica del discorso persuasivo spendibile in sede di impostazione delle cause e di composizione dell’arringa giudiziaria. La precettistica si interseca con la lezione del teatro, restituendo un ritratto composito di oratore forense, da un lato tributario, per patetismi e gestualità, degli stratagemmi dell’attore tali da determinare una sorta di “spettacolarizzazione” della giustizia, dall’altro, actor veritatis , latore di una verità da interpretare e promuovere nella sede processuale. Punto di incontro che consente la sapiente ed efficace mediazione tra azione, recitazione e verità è la salda adesione ai principi etici e morali nell’adempimento del proprio officium al servizio della giustizia, principi che la tradizione deontologica forense ha trasmesso sino ai nostri giorni. Il libro propone un percorso di lettura che di quelle tecniche e di quei valori svela la perenne attualità nel percorso formativo del giurista moderno chiamato a calcare le scene dell’agone processuale.
La giustizia criminale napoleonica
Authors: Hoxha Damigela
Published: November 2021

Il volume offre un quadro esaustivo sul funzionamento, le concezioni e i concreti problemi della giustizia criminale nel Regno d’Italia napoleonico, attraverso una attenta e vastissima indagine archivistica intorno alla Corte d’Appello e alla Facoltà giuridica universitaria di Bologna. Più in particolare viene valorizzata nel dettaglio la figura di Giuseppe Gambari, sia come pubblico ministero in tribunale sia come professore di diritto e procedura criminale nella locale Università. Ne risulta un quadro ricco e articolato, nell’intreccio originale fra innovazioni francesi e tradizioni italiane, fra codice e diritto comune, fra quotidianità forense ed istituti “rivoluzionari”.
L'efficacia dell'attività processuale in un diverso giudizio
Authors: Querzola Lea
Published: November 2021

La ricerca condotta si propone di verificare quali spazi vi siano per l’osmosi di attività processuali da una sede giudiziaria a un’altra, alla luce del principio della comunicazione fra giurisdizioni e dell’economia processuale. Delle prove assunte e dei provvedimenti emessi si indaga l’idoneità alla circolazione e all’utilizzo in procedimenti diversi da quelli in cui furono formati. Il risultato raggiunto consente all’autrice di affermare che i territori in cui già oggi il fenomeno si verifica non potranno che estendersi; nel rispetto del diritto di difesa e del principio del contraddittorio.
SİVEREK MEZAR TAŞLARI
Authors: AYKAÇ Razan , ELMAS Erdal
Published: November 2021

Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi sınırları içerisinde kalan Siverek, Fırat ve Dicle nehirleri arasında, dünyanın en eski yerleşim yeri Mezopotamya coğrafyasındadır. Hz. Ömer zamanında İslam topraklarına katılan kent o zamandan günümüze kadarki süreçte bölgeye hâkim olan devletlere ait pek çok eseri topraklarında barındırmaktadır. Bu eserler arasında tarihi vesika niteliğinde olan mezar taşları ve damgalar bulunmaktadır ve bunlar Türk Sanatında oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir.

Mezar taşları; çeşitli form, üzerindeki motif ve yerel özellikleriyle dönemin üslup anlayışını yansıtmaktadır. Günümüzün logosu konumundaki damgalar; Türk kültüründe İlk Çağlardan itibaren gerek mezar taşları gerekse mimari yapılar ile süs eşyaları, kap-kacak, mühür, nazarlık, silah, zırh, giyim-kuşam, halı, kilim gibi taşınır kültür varlıkları; taş, kaya, ağaç ve hayvanlar üzerinde simgesel işaret olarak kullanılmıştır.

Bu çalışmada; İslami dönem kapsamında 2021 yılında yaptığımız yüzey araştırmasında mezarlık, cami, türbe ve civardaki köyler dahil olmak üzere Siverek ve köylerinde incelen mezar taşlarından özellikli olanlar ve bu mezar taşları üzerinde bulunan damgalar ele alınmıştır.

Bu kapsamda; Çermik Yolu Üzerindeki Mezarlık, Asri Mezarlık, Abdal Ağa ve Gülabi Bey Camii Hazireleri, Gaziköy, Karpuzcu, Karabahçe, Turna, Keş Köyü mezarlıklarında bulunan mezar taşları form, tipoloji, dönem, malzeme, teknik, süsleme, dil, damga ve yazı çeşidi açısından incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bölgedeki ve bölge dışındaki benzerleriyle karşılaştırılarak Türk mezar taşı içerisindeki yeri, damgaların sembolik anlam ve değerleri tespit edilmiştir.
PENGARUH SUBTITUSI LUMPUR SIDOARJO (LUSI) TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BATA BETON (PAVING BLOCK)
Authors: Masbuhin Masbuhin
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the process of utilizing Sidoarjo Mud (LUSI) as a substitute for paving blocks and to determine the results of the compressive strength test of using LUSI as a substitute for paving blocks. The LUSI substitution is expected to be able to provide innovations in the construction of a paving block mixture. The research method used is the experimental method. The manufacture of test objects starts from the preparation stage, mix design, manufacture of test objects, testing and classifying paving blocks according to SNI 03-0691-1996. The sample of specimens used normal mix design and mix design substitute LUSI 40% of the fine aggregate value. Based on the results of research, paving blocks with a normal mix design of 1Pc: 2Ps are classified as quality A, 1Pc: 3Ps and 1Pc: 4Ps are classified as B quality, while for paving blocks substituting LUSI in a mixture of 1Pc: 2Ps is classified as quality B, for a mixture of 1Pc: 3Ps and 1Pc : 4Ps is classified as C quality. It can be concluded that the compressive strength of paving blocks has decreased in compressive strength after being substituted by LUSI, with a successive percentage value of 32%, 59% and 58%.
Smartphone Addiction Proneness Is Associated With Subjective-Objective Sleep Discrepancy in Patients With Insomnia Disorder
Authors: Lee Jeewon , Jung Han-Yong , Lee Soyoung Irene , Youn HyunChul , Kim Shin-Gyeom
Published: November 2021

Objective Subjective reports of patients with insomnia often show a discrepancy with their objective assessments of sleep. We aimed to assess subjective-objective sleep discrepancy in subjects with insomnia disorder as well as the psychological factors associated with the discrepancy.Methods This study is a secondary analysis of the baseline data of a randomized controlled study on 110 adults aged 18 years to 59 years with insomnia disorder. Subjective reports on sleep and the objective measures acquired by an overnight polysomnography were used to measure the sleep discrepancy. Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS) were used to evaluate the psychological factors associated with the sleep discrepancy.Results Mean total sleep time (TST) discrepancy of the participants was -81.65±97.41 minutes. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that age (adjusted OR=1.07, 95% CI=1.01–1.13, p=0.027), years of education (adjusted OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.48–0.91, p=0.017), and smartphone addiction proneness (adjusted OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.04–1.27, p=0.008) were independent predictors of TST misperception. Mean sleep onset latency (SOL) discrepancy of the participants was 41.28±45.01 minutes. Only anxiety was an independent predictor of SOL misperception (adjusted OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.05–1.31, p=0.006).Conclusion The present study provides empirical evidence to increase our understanding of the various factors that are associated with subjective-objective sleep discrepancy. Screening insomnia patients with smartphone addiction proneness may help predict the potential discrepancy between the patients’ subjective reports and objective measures of sleep duration.
Технология получения субстанции на основе флавоноидов надземной части Glycyrrhiza glabra
Authors: Абдурахманов Бахтияр Алимович , Сотимов Гайрат Бахтиярович , Халилов Равшанжон Муратджанович , Маматханов Ахматхон Умарханович
Published: November 2021

Разработана методика очистки флавоноидов, выделенных из надземной части солодки голой (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). Установлено, что извлечение суммы флавоноидов из концентрированного и разбавленного водой экстракта необходимо проводить хлороформом не менее 6 раз, а из хлороформного экстракта — не менее 8 экстракций 5 % водным раствором Na2CO3. Предложена нейтрализация содового раствора 5 % раствором HCl до pH 6,5 – 7. Найдены оптимальные параметры осаждения суммы флавоноидов, которые заключаются в трехкратном переосаждении технического глацембрина 60 % этиловым спиртом. В результате исследований разработана технология получения субстанции глацембрина на основе флавоноидов надземной части Glycyrrhiza glabra, обладающей противовоспалительным, антигипоксическим и болеутоляющим действием. Предложен спектрофотометрический метод количественного определения суммы флавоноидов при длине волны 292 нм в пересчете на пиноцембрин.
Определение гидроксихлорохина методом катодной электрохемилюминесценции
Authors: Ягов Владимир Викторович , Ягова Ирина Владимировна
Published: November 2021

Описана катодная электрохемилюминесценция гидроксихлорохина в водных растворах на алюминиевом электроде и оценены аналитические возможности этого явления. Оптимизированы условия определения гидроксихлорохина в слабощелочном и кислом растворах, показана возможность определения в диапазоне 0,3 – 300 мг/л. Катодная электрохемилюминесценция позволяет дополнить известные способы определения гидроксихлорохина в лекарственных препаратах методом, основанным на новом типе люминесцентного сигнала.
Biología reproductiva de Chuquiraga avellanedae (Asteraceae), un arbusto endémico de la Patagonia
Authors: Zaffaroni Facundo T. , Campanella M. Victoria , Martínez Fernando J.
Published: November 2021

Introducción y objetivos: Chuquiraga avellanedae (Asteraceae) es una especie endémica de la estepa patagónica que representa un componente fundamental de los ecosistemas de la región. Conocer el sistema reproductivo, la dependencia a los agentes polinizadores y el ensamble de visitantes florales es importante para la comprensión de los patrones de flujo génico y la cantidad y la calidad de las semillas producidas. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar el grado de autoincompatibilidad de C. avellanedae y evaluar si es una especie ambófila.
M&M: Mediante cruces controlados se puso a prueba la capacidad de producir semillas bajo distintos tratamientos: polinización cruzada, autopolinización forzada, polinización por viento, autopolinización espontánea y control. Además, se realizaron observaciones de los insectos polinizadores durante dos temporadas.
Resultados: La producción de semillas fue significativamente mayor en el tratamiento de polinización cruzada y el control, diferenciándose de la autopolinización forzada y la polinización por viento. No hubo producción de semillas en el tratamiento de autopolinización espontánea. Las flores fueron frecuentemente visitadas por especies de Hymenoptera y Diptera. Hubo variación inter-anual en la abundancia de los taxones más frecuentes que componen el ensamble de polinizadores.
Conclusiones: Chuquiraga avellanedae resultó autoincompatible y con un ensamble de polinizadores generalista. Los insectos polinizadores son cruciales para el éxito reproductivo de este arbusto. Coincidiendo con otros antecedentes, este trabajo indica que la interacción C. avellanedae-insectos representa un componente relevante en procesos y servicios ecosistémicos a nivel regional.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI KUALITAS PELAYANAN E-COMMERCE TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN, KEPERCAYAAN DAN LOYALITAS PADA PRODUK FASHION
Authors: maulana ahmad
Published: November 2021

Secara spesifik, terdapat tujuan yang diharapkan, yaitu menjelaskan pengaruh (1) Service Quality terhadap Satisfaction, (2) Service Quality terhadap Trust, (3) Service Quality terhadap Loyalty. Jadi di sini metode yang digunakan yaitu mengumpulkan data serta mempelajari literatur yang bersumber pada jurnal. Dan dari jurnal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada nya hubungan positif antara kualitas e- service dengan kualitas pelayanan terhadap pelanggan.
Metafora Orang Percaya Menurut Roma 12:2
Authors: Lase Mitra
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penulisan tulisan ini menjelaskan arti metafora orang percaya menurutRoma 12:2. Sebagai orang percaya kepada Kristus harus benar-benarmangalami pembaharuan pikiran yang benar sesuai dengan keinginan Allah.Seperti apa kehidupan orang percaya yang sesungguhnya. Oleh sebab itupenulis ingin menjelaskan kehidupan orang percaya yang tidak serupa dengandunia sehingga bisa membedakan yang baik dan yang benar sesuai kehendakAllah. Di dalam kekristenan sangat diperlukan orang percaya yang sungguhsungguhhidup di dalam perkenanan Tuhan.
The development of auditory temporal processing during the first year of life
Authors: Cabrera Laurianne , Lau Bonnie K.
Published: November 2021

The processing of auditory temporal information is important for the extraction of voice pitch, linguistic information, as well as the overall temporal structure of speech. However, many aspects regarding its early development remains not well understood. This paper reviews the development of different aspects of auditory temporal processing during the first year of life when infants are acquiring their native language. First, potential mechanisms of neural immaturity are discussed in the context of neurophysiological studies. Next, what is known about infant auditory capabilities is considered with a focus on psychophysical studies involving non-speech stimuli to investigate the perception of temporal fine structure and envelope cues. This is followed by a review of studies involving speech stimuli, including those that present vocoded signals as a method of degrading the spectro-temporal information available to infant listeners. Finally, we highlight key findings from the cochlear implant literature that illustrate the importance of temporal cues in speech perception.
Affect-congruent attention modulates generalized reward expectations
Authors: Bennett Daniel , Radulescu Angela , Zorowitz Samuel , Felso Valkyrie , Niv Yael
Published: November 2021

Positive and negative affective states are respectively associated with optimistic and pessimistic expectations regarding future reward. One mechanism that might underlie these affect-related expectation biases is attention to positive- versus negative-valence features (e.g., attending to the positive reviews of a restaurant versus its expensive price). Here we tested the effects of experimentally induced positive and negative affect on feature-based attention in 120 participants completing a compound-generalization task with eye-tracking. We found that participants' reward expectations for novel compound stimuli were modulated in an affect-congruent way: positive affect induction increased reward expectations for compounds, whereas negative affect induction decreased reward expectations. Computational modelling and eye-tracking analyses each revealed that these effects were driven by affect-congruent changes in participants' allocation of attention to high- versus low-value features of compounds. These results provide mechanistic insight into a process by which affect produces biases in generalized reward expectations.
Changes in youth mental health, psychological wellbeing, and substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review
Authors: Zolopa Camille , Burack Jacob A. , O'Connor Roisin , Corran Charlotte , Lai Jessica , Bomfim Emiliana , DeGrace Sarah , Dumont Julianne , Larney Sarah , Wendt Dennis Charles
Published: November 2021

Background: The focus of this review was to assess changes in youth mental health, psychological wellbeing, or substance use, as well as changes or disruptions to the delivery of mental health or substance use services for young people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: We conducted a rapid review of the literature on our outcomes of interest among youth (age <=25) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary studies and systematic reviews on change were eligible for inclusion. Searches were conducted in PubMed and Embase in May 2021, and two reviewers screened studies for inclusion. We report results using a narrative synthesis.Results: We included 156 primary publications. A variety of methods were used to assess change, including prospective assessment of longitudinal cohorts, retrospective recall by participants in cross-sectional and qualitative studies, and comparison of peri-pandemic data to pre-pandemic normative values. Publications regarding mental health (n = 121) and psychological wellbeing (n = 26) generally indicated poor outcomes during the pandemic period. Publications on substance use (n = 41) revealed overall declines or unchanged patterns of use, though certain groups reported increased or problematic use. Studies of service delivery (n = 11) indicated a generally positive reception for helplines and telehealth, although some youth experienced difficulties accessing mental health services. Conclusions: The evidence indicates negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people’s mental health, although declines in alcohol and nicotine use were also found. Services will need to continue to adapt as the pandemic progresses, particularly to support disadvantaged youth who lack access to telehealth resources.
Challenges for Journal Editors
Authors: Kumar Shah Rajeev , Sapkota Sulav , Chhetri Prabin
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Management and Awareness on Health Hazards of Household Waste: A Community based study
Authors: Manandhar Naresh , Ataullah Syed , Raj Rishav , Chakraborty Pallabi , Adhikari Supriya Raya , Sharma Deeksha
Published: November 2021

Introduction:  Waste is physical things or unwanted materials that are of no use to the human beings.1 Waste management is the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.

Objectives: The objective of study is to assess the management and awareness on health hazards of household waste in a community of Khopasi, Kavrepalanchowk district.

Methodology:  The study design was descriptive cross-sectional and it was conducted from 10th November to 15th November 2019 at Khopasi, Kavrepalanchowk using convenience sampling technique in 281 households. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics like frequency, mean, percentage etc was calculated.

Results:  The mean age of 281 respondents was 44.89 years. Similarly 43.8% of respondents considered waste management as a major issue and 84.3% had knowledge about health hazards due to improper waste disposal. Forty-seven percentages of the respondents disposed of their waste through waste collecting vehicle, 26% by burning, 17% threw their waste by riverbank, and 9% threw their waste indiscriminately in the surrounding area.

Conclusion: The majority of respondents were aware about adverse effect on their health due to improper waste disposal. However the knowledge of waste management program is poor. They throw waste in the river bank or indiscriminately in open places.
Morphometric Study of Pituitary Gland with Correlation of Age and Gender using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Maskey Sunima , Mansur Dil Islam , Karki Subindra , Shrestha Pragya
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The pituitary gland is the master gland of the body. It’s size varies with age and gender. MRI is the safest and effective diagnostic tool for pituitary gland examination.

Objectives: This study was aim to determine the anteroposterior, height and transverse dimensions of normal  pituitary gland in different age groups of both sex with MRI.

Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. It consisted of 567 images of individuals (242 males and 325 females) of various age from 20 to 70 years from the Department of Radio- diagnosis, Dhulikhel Hospital.

Results: The mean anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension of pituitary gland is 9.74±1.18 mm, 5.95±1.11 mm and 11.65±2.15 mm respectively in which females have higher value. Independent sample t test showed highly significant differences (p< 0.05) between the mean anteroposterior dimension in males and females. The present study showed the mean value of anteroposterior dimension is maximum at age group 50-59.  The mean value of height, transverse dimension and volume of males and females is maximum at 20-29 age group and minimum at 70-79 age group. One way ANOVA shows that there is significant difference between in height, transverse dimension and volume at different age group (p< 0.05).

Conclusion: It was concluded that the height and volume of pituitary gland is maximum at second decade of life then it gradually decreases with age. The mean value of anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension showed greater value of females than males.
Mortality from Burn: An Autopsy Based Study from Nepal
Authors: Baral Madan Prasad , Timsinha Sidarth
Published: November 2021

Introduction: In developing countries like Nepal burn deaths are a major public health problem due to their increased mortality, morbidity and long-term disability. A few clinical studies on burns have been reported from Nepal however, autopsy based studies on burns are limited.

Objectives: To study the socio-demographic characteristics of victims of burns and evaluate the cause and magnitude of fatal burn injuries retrospectively.

Methodology: A two years retrospective analysis of burn deaths brought for autopsy was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 in a central level hospital of Nepal.

Results: Out of 775 total cases autopsied 38 (4.90%) cases were burn related deaths. The majority of the deaths 17(44.70%) occurred in the age group 21-30 years with a preponderance in females 22(57.89%). Majority of the victims were married females 25(65.78%) and most of them were housewives 14(36.84%). Flame burn 23(60.52%) was the most common cause of all burns. The Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) Burn between 50-69% was observed in majority of the cases 27(71.05%).Most of the victims 15(39.47%) survived over 10 days post injury. Burn incidents were mainly accidental 33(86.84%) in nature followed by suicidal burns 5(13.15%). The main cause of burn death was septicemic shock 16(42.10%) followed by neurogenic shock 10(26.31%).

Conclusion: The results of this study show that burns injuries are mostly accidental in nature; therefore, the risks of burn injuries should be rightly addressed and appropriate burn prevention strategies should be developed to reduce the frequency and burn related deaths.
Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae in patients attending a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Khatun Sanzida , Shah Diwakar Kumar
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Lumbosacral Transitional vertebrae are congenital anomalies of lumbosacral vertebral junction. It may present either as sacralization of fifth lumbar vertebrae or lumbarization of first sacral vertebrae. Various secondary pathological spinal conditions such as intervertebral disc herniation and/or degeneration, facet joint arthrosis and spinal canal or foraminal stenosis are associated with the presence of LSTV. The failure in the identification may lead to clinical consequences such as errors in diagnosis of disease and lumbosacral procedures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of LSTV in patients presenting to Department of Radiology of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal..

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Radiology of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal.Plain radiographs including Antero-posterior (AP) and Lateral views of lumbosacral spine of 343 patients referred for the scan were analyzed for the presence of lumbosacral vertebrae.

Result: Out of 343 patients, LSTV was found in 61 (17.8%) subjects. Thirty-eight subjects (11.1%) exhibited sacralization and 23 (6.7%) showed lumbarization.Out of total LSTV subjects,  type I A was present in 8 (13.1%), type I B in 21 (34.4%), type II A in 10 (16.4%), type II B in 5 (8.2%) , type III A in 6 (9.8%) , type III B in 9 (14.8%) and type IV in 2 (3.3%).

Conclusion: The LSTV is prevalent in almostone-fifth of subjects presenting to department of radiology of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar for lumbosacral scan.. Sacralization occurs more frequently than lumbarization, both of which alter the morphology of anatomical structures in spine. The presence of anomaly in this region may be related to occurrence of various pathological and clinical conditions.
Loss of Sense of Smell and Taste among Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Positive COVID-19 Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shah Rajeev , Koirala Bipin , Gyawali Sangya
Published: November 2021

Results: A total of 166 patients were included in the study. The age of the patients ranged from 10 to 84 years with a mean age of 44.34 ± 23.059 years. Out of the 166 RT-PCR positive patients 103 (62%) had a loss of taste while 114 (68.7%) had a loss of smell. Nearly half of the subjects about 99 (51.6%) had dysfunction in both taste and smell.

Conclusions: The present study shows the strong association between the olfactory and gustatory dysfunction with that of COVID infection. Patients with loss of taste and smell should be evaluated properly at the time of COVID pandemic. Olfactory and Gustatory dysfunction can be the early and only manifestation of COVID infection.   The prevalence of loss of smell and taste was similar to other studies done in similar settings.
Identifying High Risk Pregnancy and Its Effectiveness in determining Maternal and Perinatal Outcome
Authors: Shrestha Junu , Gurung Sangeeta Devi , Subedi Anjali , Pandey Chandani
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Identification of high risk pregnancy can be done by using various scoring systems which is highly predictive in determining maternal and perinatal outcome.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to identify high- risk pregnancy and to compare the maternal and perinatal outcome of high-risk with low-risk pregnancies.

Methodology: This study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, from 1st August 2020 to 31st January 2021. Study included pregnant women coming for delivery after 28 weeks of gestation.  Antenatal scoring system involving various risk factors, was used to stratify women as low-risk (score 0-3), high-risk (score 4-6) and extremely high-risk group ( score ≥7). All women were followed up in intrapartum and postpartum period and complications noted. Neonates were also followed up. Maternal and perinatal outcome of three groups were compared.

Results: There were 67.3% women in low-risk, 20% in high-risk and 12.7% in  extremely high-risk groups. Operative deliveries were 89.9% in extremely high- risk, 77.9% in high- risk as compared to 51% in low- risk group. Maternal complications, total amount of blood loss and duration of hospital stay was more in extremely high-risk and high-risk pregnancies. Low birth weight was more common in extremely high risk (60%) and high-risk (26%) pregnancies compared to low- risk pregnancies (15%). Neonates with low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were more in high-risk pregnancies. Thirty-two percent neonates in extremely high-risk pregnancy required neonatal intensive care admission which was significantly higher as compared to high-risk and low-risk pregnancies. Perinatal deaths were more frequent in extremely high-risk pregnancies.

Conclusions: Identifying high risk pregnancy using scoring system is useful to identify women at risk of developing maternal and perinatal complications.
Perbandingan Segmentasi Menggunakan Greenplate dan Discrete Cosine Transform Pada Obyek Berbasis Greenscreen
Authors: Susanto Heri , Jamal Jamal , Yanto Dwi
Published: November 2021

Segmentasi citra merupakan salah satu topik penting dalam bidang pengolahan citra digital yang dapat ditemukan dalam perbagai bidang riset citra. Masing-masing jenis citra memiliki pendekatan berbeda dalam penerapan proses segmentasi. Banyak metode yang dapat digunakan untuk proses segmentasi, misalnya dengan menggunakan threshold, pendeteksian tepi, transformasi watershed ataupun metode yang lain. Dalam penelitian  ini membandingkan metode segementasi menggunakan Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) dan Greenplate. Pengukuran menggunakan perbandingan nilai MSE (Mean Square Error) pada kedua metode terhadap citra asli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan MSE dengan menggunakan metode Discrete Cosine Transformasi (DCT) ini.  Kesimpulan dengan menggunakan Discrete Cosine Transform dapat memperbaiki segmentasi obyek berbasis Greenscreen.
Uji Fungsionalitas (Blackbox Testing) Sistem Informasi Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi (SILSP) Batik dengan AppPerfect Web Test dan Uji Pengguna
Authors: Febiharsa Dhega , Sudana I Made , Hudallah Noor
Published: November 2021

Information systems in an organization have an important role in providing information to management in order to control various complex processes within an organization. The implementation of information systems in the Batik Professional Certification Institute, can help the management of Batik LSP in controlling processes in organizations, ranging from participants, assessors, Competency Test Places, to scheduling competency tests. Information systems designed to build must be through a test before use. Information system testing is carried out to determine whether or not the application is suitable for use by users. This study aims to conduct a series of tests on information systems that have been designed to build. The method used is experimental, using the AppPerfect Web Test application and the Functional Test questionnaire (Black Box Testing) instrument provided to users. The purpose of this study, to determine the extent to which these two test methods can be reliable in testing the information system of professional certification institutions that are built. Based on the analysis carried out, the AppPerfect Web Test application is in line with the results of the function test by the user. In other words, functional testing can be done by users or with the AppPerfect Web Test application, or both.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Materi Pembelajaran Komputer Terapan Jaringan Kelas X TKJ
Authors: Septiawan Noor Wahid , Pratama Afis
Published: November 2021

Kurangnya media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran di SMK Al Furqon Demak yang selama ini bersumber dari buku dan ceramah. Tujuan  penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran jaringan komputer dengan adobe flash cs6 materi pembelajaran komputer terapan jaringan kelas sepuluh, mengetahui desain, realisasi, unjuk kejadian tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran komputer terapan jaringan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan jenis penelitian pengembangan (Research and development). Proses penelitian yang dilakukan adalah: (1) potensi masalah, (2) analisis kebutuhan, (3)pembuatan software, (4) uji validasi oleh ahli, (5) revisi produk, (6) layak. Media pembelajaran diuji oleh ahli media dan ahli materi. Pengguna dalam uji coba siswa kelas sepuluh SMK Al Furqon Demak berjumlah 26 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Teknik yang digunakan menggunakan analisis  deskriptif yang diungkapkan dalam distributif skor dan persentase terhadap katagori skala penilaian 1, 2, 3, dan 4 yang telah ditentukan.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan kualitas media yang dihasilkan sebagai berikut: kelayakan media pembelajaran menurut ahli media memperoleh persentase total sebesar 100%, sedangkan menurut ahli materi memperoleh persentase sebesar 93%, dan hasil uji coba pengguna di lapangan memperoleh persentase sebesar 86%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran memiliki kualitas yang baik dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Adobe Flash CS6 Pada Mata Pelajaran Dasar Desain Grafis Kelas X Multimedia SMK Islam Al Amin Bonang Demak
Authors: - Indana Zulfa , Mangiri Herry Sulendro
Published: November 2021

Kurangnya media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran di SMK Islam Al amin khususnya pada mata pelajaran dasar desain grafis yang hanya bersumber dari buku, dan internet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Untuk merancang pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis adobe flash CS6 (2) Mengimplementasikan media pembelajaran  interaktif  berbasis adobe flash CS6 (3) Untuk menguji kelayakan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis adobe flash CS6.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian (Research and Davelopment) dengan model yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan prosedur pengembangan, yaitu (1) analisis kebutuhan, (2) desain, (3) pengembangan dan implementasi. Subjek penelitian adalah 20 siswa jurusan Multimedia kelas X SMK Islam Al amin Bonang Demak. Objek penelitian adalah media pembelajaran interaktif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa angket modifikasi skala likert dengan lima pilihan jawaban yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran.

Hasil menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Media pembelajaran interaktif pada mata pelajaran dasar desain grafis dapat menjadi variasi media untuk pembelajaran, (2) media pembelajaran interaktif pada mata pelajaran dasar desain grafis terdiri dari materi dasar desain grafis, animasi tampilan, video tutorial , dan kuis pilihan ganda, (3) tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran ditinjau dari: (a) aspek media dinyatakan “Layak” oleh ahli media dengan persentase 69%. (b) aspek materi dinyatakan “Sangat Layak” oleh ahli materi dengan persentase 94,5%. (c) penilaian pengguna atau siswa memperoleh persentase sebesar 90% dengan kategori “Sangat Layak”.

 

 

 

 

Kata kunci: media pembelajaran interaktif, dasar desain grafis , adobe flash CS6
Pembuatan Website Pariwisata Unggulan di Kota Jepara
Authors: Hidayatullah Syarif , Mangiri Herry Sulendro , Sudomo R. Irlanto
Published: November 2021

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah 1). Membuat website kepariwisataan daerah untuk mengenalkan objek wisata daerah Kota Jepara. 2). Website yang dibuat dapat membantu wisatawan menemukan lokasi wisata tujuan dengan fitur maps yang disediakan pada website. 3). Website yang dibuat dapat membantu wisatawan menghubungi pengelola dengan fitur whatsapp yang secara otomatis terhubung ke pengelola tanpa harus menyimpan nomor telepon pengelola.Penelitian Research and Revelopment ini menggunakan metode waterfall yang terdiri dari tahap studi penelitian, analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, penilaian. Subjek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Jepara, dan pegawai Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan (DISPARBUD) Kota Jepara Bidang Teknologi Informasi. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data digunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian ini berupa website yang telah dibuat dan diujicobakan dengan melibatkan masyarakat umum dan Dinas Pariwisata kabupaten Jepara. Implementasi ujicoba dilakukan dengan mengakses website pariwisata secara olnile melalui internet. Hasil ujicoba website yang diakses melalui internet secara online dapat berjalan dengan baik sehingga website tersebut dapat memberikan informasi bagi masyarakat khususnya yang diluar Jepara untuk mencari referensi objek wisata yang ingin dikunjungi.
A mikrobiom globális szerepe a „One Health” megközelítésmód szerint
Authors: Hancz Csaba
Published: November 2021

All-pervasive role and significance of microbiome is becoming more and more acknowledged thanks to the intense multidisciplinary research done in the last decades. Its global function and significance is on the rise, and the future fate of the biosphere is unequivocal and beyond dispute. Uncertainties and varied usage of synonyms justifies to define once again notions like microbiome, pro- and prebiotics and clarify their relations. Knowledge about microbes important for our health is expanding rapidly.  Extensive research on pre- and probiotics leads to their rapid production and broadscale application in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. Human, animal and environmental microbiome are results of co-evolution so adopting the holistic approach suggested by the One Health fighting zoonoses can be even more effective as well as global food production more environmental-friendly and sustainable.
El cuento como estrategia pedagógica para promover la redacción textual
Authors: Margoth del Rocio Muñoz-Cano
Published: November 2021

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación en la que se abordó el fortalecimiento de la redacción textual, cuyo objetivo general fue analizar los aportes del cuento como estrategia pedagógica para favorecer la redacción en cuanto a coherencia y cohesión textual, en estudiantes de quinto grado de básica primaria del Centro Educativo Marqueza Alta del municipio de Tangua. El paradigma fue cualitativo, con enfoque histórico hermenéutico y tipo de investigación acción educativa. La aplicación del cuento como estrategia pedagógica fortaleció la redacción textual y, por ende, sus desempeños. Los pilares teóricos que aportaron significativamente en esta investigación fueron: Van Dijk, Cassany, Villasmil y Fuenmayor, entre otros.
Impacto de factores socioeconómicos en la nutrición de niños entre 2,5 a 5 años en la ciudad de Pasto, Colombia
Authors: Gloria Córdoba  , John Fuertez  , Jonier Martínez
Published: November 2021

Considerando que la seguridad alimentaria es de gran preocupación para la seguridad nutricional y la salud humana, se identificó factores claves en el acceso físico, social y económico de la alimentación en hogares con niños de 2,5 a 5 años; se evaluó factores como: ingreso, consumo, costos de los productos, accesibilidad y nivel de educación; adicionalmente, se consideró los efectos y algunos aspectos para mejorar el acceso de alimentos. La información se recopiló mediante encuestas distribuidas a padres y cuidadores en la ciudad de Pasto, Colombia. El programa ‘Soluciones de Productos y Servicios Estadísticos’ se utilizó para el análisis estadístico y el desarrollo descriptivo. Aunque los ingresos estuvieron condicionados al salario mínimo, no se encontró desnutrición. Entre las estrategias para mejorar la seguridad alimentaria, una oferta sostenible de alimentos y un mejor acceso a su consumo deben ser garantizados. Se refuerza la promoción de la educación para la población más vulnerable.
Repercusiones del cáncer de cuello uterino en la salud pública
Authors: Yulieth Angely Calderón-Estrada  , Khateryne Youleth-Portilla
Published: November 2021

El cáncer de cuello uterino es la segunda causa de muerte en el mundo, por neoplasias malignas en la mujer, causando unas 300 000 muertes al año. El 80 % de estos casos se da en países en vías de desarrollo. Aunque no todos ellos terminan en decesos ni en la mutilación (histerectomía radical) de la mujer, la cifra es supremamente elevada, como para no preocuparse. El estudio que se realizó tuvo como objetivo, evaluar los resultados del programa de tamizaje de cáncer de cuello uterino en términos de morbilidad, fiabilidad y conducta en mujeres atendidas en la IPS Indígena Mallamas en el municipio de Ipiales, departamento de Nariño, Colombia. La población estuvo compuesta por 39.147 mujeres registradas en la base de datos de la IPS. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó el instrumento sobre Conocimientos, Actitudes y Prácticas, conformado por 50 preguntas.
Hambatan dan Harapan Ibu Hamil dalam Melakukan Stimulasi pada Janin
Authors: Nuraina Nuraina , Sunarsih Tri , Astuti Dhesi Ari
Published: November 2021

Stimulasi janin merupakan suatu upaya yang dilakukan oleh orang tua dalam bentuk rangsangan pada janin dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dasar pada janin sehingga pada saat lahir dapat tumbuh dan berkembang secara optimal. Stimulasi janin sejalan dengan program 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah dimana periode percepatan tumbuh kembang yang di mulai sejak terbentuknya janin dalam kandungan hingga anak berusia 2 (dua) tahun. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hambatan dan harapan ibu hamil dalam melakukan stimulasi pada janin. Penelitian ini masih jarang dilakukan dan sangat menarik untuk diteliti karena masih banyak ibu hamil yang mengalami hambatan dalam melakukan stimulasi pada janin Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitaif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Wawancara mendalam digunakan untuk mewawancarai 15 ibu hamil yang di rekam melalui audio record. Rekrutmen informan menggunakan strategi purposive sampling. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan NVivo 12 plus. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat 2 tema yaitu hambatan dan harapan ibu hamil dalam melakukan stimulasi pada Janin. Hambatan ibu hamil dalam melakukan stimulasi adalah waktu dan pengetahuan ibu. Harapan ibu hamil dalam melakukan stimulasi pada janin adalah agar terbentuknya ikatan kasih sayang antara ibu dan janin.