Abstract P3-08-16: The impact of residual ductal carcinoma in situ on breast cancer recurrence in the neoadjuvant I-SPY2 TRIAL
Authors: Osdoit Marie , Yau Christina , Symmans W. Fraser , Boughey Judy C. , Asare Smita M. , Balassanian Ron , Carter Jodi M. , Chen Yunn-Yi , Cole Kimberly , Khazai Laila , Klein Molly , Kokh Dina , Krings Gregor , Sahoo Sunati , Ahrendt Gretchen , Chiba Akiko , Ewing Cheryl , Godellas Constantine , Jaskowiak Nora , Killelea Brigid , Krontiras Helen , Lancaster Rachael , Lang Julie , Lee M. Catherine , Naik Arpana , Rao Roshni , Tchou Julia , Tierney Shannon , Tousimis Eleni , Tuttle Tod , Wallace Anne ,   I-SPY 2 TRIAL Consortium, Parker Bev , Esserman Laura J. , Mukhtar Rita A. 
Published: March 2020

Background: Patients who achieve a pathological complete response (pCR- defined as no invasive cancer) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer (BC) have improved outcomes, but there is still controversy about the significance of residual ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) on local recurrence rate (LRR). The I-SPY 2 TRIAL is an adaptive neoadjuvant platform trial evaluating novel experimental regimens in comparison to standard chemotherapy in women with high-risk breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine if residual DCIS after NAC in early BC affects LRR in patients with or without residual invasive disease in the I-SPY 2 TRIAL.

Methods: 933 I-SPY 2 patients with residual cancer burden (RCB) and follow-up data were included in this analysis. Residual DCIS was defined as any carcinoma in situ &gt; 0% on RCB evaluation. Local recurrence was defined as recurrence in breast, chest wall or locoregional nodes and/or skin and subcutaneous tissue. We stratified our cohort into four groups: those without residual invasive disease (defined as RCB0) ± residual DCIS, and those with residual invasive disease (RCB&gt;0) ± residual DCIS. We estimated LRR within each group using the Kaplan Meier method; and used Cox proportional hazards models to assess LRR differences between groups, with: patients with no residual disease (invasive or in situ) as reference group.

Results: Among 933 patients assessed, median follow up time was 3.9 years. RCB 0 status was achieved in 337 patients (36%). Of these, 267 (29%) had no residual DCIS, which represents our reference group, and 70 (7%) had residual DCIS. Among 596 (64%) patients who had RCB&gt;0, 296 (32%) had residual DCIS. For patients with RCB0 without DCIS and RCB0 with DCIS, the LRR at 3 years were similar: 2% vs 3% respectively (Hazard ratio: 1.29 [0.26-6.39]). Results were also similar in the RCB&gt;0 group, with a LRR of 10% at 3 years in those without residual DCIS, and 11% in those with residual DCIS. Both RCB&gt;0 groups had significantly higher LRR when compared to the patients with RCB0 without DCIS (Hazard ratio: 5.25 [2.20-12.5]) and HR 5.85 [2.47-13.9] respectively).

Conclusion: There was no association between residual DCIS and LRR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, regardless of resolution of invasive disease. Further work is needed to determine whether residual DCIS should drive locoregional therapy decisions after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for invasive breast cancer.

Citation Format: Marie Osdoit, Christina Yau, W. Fraser Symmans, Judy C. Boughey, Smita M. Asare, Ron Balassanian, Jodi M. Carter, Yunn-Yi Chen, Kimberly Cole, Laila Khazai, Molly Klein, Dina Kokh, Gregor Krings, Sunati Sahoo, Gretchen Ahrendt, Akiko Chiba, Cheryl Ewing, Constantine Godellas, Nora Jaskowiak, Brigid Killelea, Helen Krontiras, Rachael Lancaster, Julie Lang, M. Catherine Lee, Arpana Naik, Roshni Rao, Julia Tchou, Shannon Tierney, Eleni Tousimis, Tod Tuttle, Anne Wallace, I-SPY 2 TRIAL Consortium, Bev Parker, Laura J. Esserman, Rita A. Mukhtar. The impact of residual ductal carcinoma in situ on breast cancer recurrence in the neoadjuvant I-SPY2 TRIAL [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-08-16.