bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT, FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND TYROSINASE INHIBITION OF CORN COB (ZEA MAYS) EXTRACT
Authors: DEWI INDRI KUSUMA , SUHENDRIYO  , INDARTO  , PRAMONO SUWIJIYO , ROHMAN ABDUL , MARTIEN RONNY
Published: March 2021

Objective: Corn cob is a part of plant Zea mays that have a phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This research aims to evaluate total phenolic and flavonoid content, free radical scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibiton of corn cob (Zea mays) extract.

Methods: Corn cob were determined in Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta. Meanwhile, corn cob were extracted using maceration method applying 70% ethanol solvent. This extract were analyzed through the total fenolic and flavonoids content tests apply spectrofotometric UV Vis, antioxidant activity using radical scavenging test 2,2-difenill-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) and tyrosinase inhibition test applying in vitro tyrosinase enzyme inhibition.

Results: Total phenolic content of the corn cob extract were 1.76 %b/b EAG, while the total of flavonoids content were 0.42%b/b EK. The antioxidant activity using DPPH method test of corn cob extract were values IC50 38.57 µg/ml. Tyrosinase inhibition of corn cob extract were values IC50 919.78µg/ml.

Conclusion: Corn cob extract had antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition.
IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM. LEAVES AGAINST MRSA (METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS)
Authors: SINAGA NURSANNA IRAWATY , HANAFI MUHAMMAD , YANTIH NOVI
Published: March 2021

Objective: Infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms, requiring the selection of the right drug to fight these organisms. Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves as natural ingredients have MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study is to identify the chemical compounds and to determine the antibacterial activity from the 96% ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves against MRSA bacteria.

Methods: The Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves were extracted by maceration using 96% (v/v) ethanol. Mass spectrometry was performed on an LC-MS/MS Xevo, G2-XS QTof (Waters MS Technologies) to identified chemical compounds from the extract. The ionization type is ESI. The method of the antibacterial activity test was using agar paper disc diffusion. Antibacterial activity was based on the diameter of the bacterial inhibition zone.

Results: The result of the antibacterial activity test for 96% ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves a concentration of 10, 20, and 40 % each has inhibition diameter was 10, 13, and 15.5 mm, and for linezolid as a positive control at 30µg has diameter inhibition was 20 mm, ethanol 96% as a negative control was 0 mm. The 96% ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves contains 13-hydroxy-9,11-hexadecadienoic acid, 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, bistortaside, daturametelin H, digiprolactone, ephedradine C, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-7-O-α-L rhamnoside, phenyl propionic acid, pyrophaeophorbide A, quercetin, stearidonic acid, stigmastan-3,6-dione.

Conclusion: The 96% ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves contains 14 compounds. The 96% ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves have activity against MRSA bacteria. The antibacterial effect of the extract increased with an increase in its concentration. The extract exerted a greater antibacterial effect on the concentration 40%.
ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR IN PURCHASING DECISIONS OF MEDICAL SERVICES PRODUCTS AND THEIR EFFECT ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN PHARMACY
Authors: HANDONO BAYU DWI , SUMARYONO WAHONO , SARAGI SAHAT
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study aims to analyze customer behavior in the decision to buy self-medicated service products and their effect on customer satisfaction at Kimia Farma Pharmacy, Bekasi Business Unit.

Methods: This research uses a quantitative study approach with a descriptive design. Samples or respondents totaled 312 people. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews and agency documents.

Results: The results showed that the respondents' knowledge, attitudes and actions in self-medicated service products had quite good results. Respondents who have knowledge of self-medicated service products are 54.225%, 67% of respondents have good attitudes and 61% of actions. The results of data analysis show that the influence of customer behavior in the decision to buy self-medicated service products on customer satisfaction is 0.410 or the power of influence is 41.0%, the rest is influenced by other factors. While the influence of customer behavior on the decision to buy self-medicated service products is 0.347 or 34.7%, the rest is influenced by other factors.

Conclusion: Customer satisfaction is quite high which illustrates that Kimia Farma Pharmacy Bekasi Business Unit has tried to fulfill customer desires by providing adequate service.
TURMERIC EXTRACT POTENTIAL INHIBIT INFLAMMATORY MARKER IN LPS-STIMULATED MARCOPHAGE CELLS
Authors: WIDOWATI WAHYU , JASAPUTRA DIANA KRISANTI , GUNAWAN KAMILA YASHFA , KUSUMA HANNA SARI WIDYA , ARUMWARDANA SEILA , WAHYUNI CINTANI DEWI , LISTER I. NYOMAN EHRICH , GINTING CHRISMIS NOVALINDA , GIRSANG ERMI , RIZAL RIZAL
Published: March 2021

Objective: Inflammation can be induced by microbiological, chemical, physical factors and plays roles in inflammatory diseases. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has been widely used to provide a diverse array of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, also antioxidant. The Turmeric extract (TE) anti-inflammatory potential was conducted using a Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cell line by inhibiting inflammatory mediators especially IL-6, PGE-2, IL-1β, COX-2, TNF-α, iNOS, also NO level.

Methods: The TE safe concentration in LPS-induced macrophage cell line was measured using MTS assay for further assay. The inflammatory markers (IL-6, PGE-2, COX-2, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, NO) were measured using ELISA assay and NO by the nitrate/nitrite colorimetric assay in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell line. LPS induced inflammatory marker by increasing inflammatory marker (IL-6, PGE-2, COX-2, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, NO).

Results: TE with 100 to 25 µg/ml, caused a significant reduction of cells viability, reaching only 30.27 % live cells. TE with lower concentrations (7.5; 5; 2.5 µg/ml) had no cytotoxic effect on macrophage cells (viability 117.31-131.08 %). LPS induction caused an increase in inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, PGE-2, IL-6, COX-2, TNF-α as well as iNOS and NO. Turmeric extract caused the reduction of the inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion: The research resulted that TE has anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing IL-6, PGE-2, COX-2, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and NO level on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
COMPARISON OF ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF KLUTUK BANANA (MUSA BALBISIANA COLLA)
Authors: NOFIANTI TITA , MUHTADI AHMAD , FIDRIANNY IRDA
Published: March 2021

Objective: Banana is a plant that grows in Indonesia and is widely consumed by Indonesian people. One of banana type is klutuk banana (Musa balbisiana Colla). There were many types of researches about klutuk banana for antidiabetic activity; however, antidiabetic activity of its peel and pulp are still unknown.

Methods: The objective of the study was to determine of antihyperglycemic activity of different parts of klutuk banana. Animals were divided into 15 groups, namely normal control, negative control, positive control (glibenclamide 0.65 mg/kg body weight (bw), and 12 sample groups. All animals were given 2 g/kg bw glucose monohydrate and blood glucose level was measured every 30 min for 120 min.

Results: The results of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that KPE2 (klutuk peel extract 350 mg/kg bw) gave higher activity to decrease blood glucose level compared to the other groups at the minute of 30 (-24.83%; p. 0.00), 60 (-33.93%; p. 0.000), 90 (-46.29%; p. 0.000) and 120 (-35.44%; p. 0.000).

Conclusion: The klutuk peel extract has very strong antioxidant activity and antihyperglycemic activity at a dose of 350 mg/kg bw.
THERMOSENSITIVE HYDROGELS–A POTENTIAL CARRIER FOR THE DELIVERY OF DRUGS AND MACROMOLECULES
Authors: SAHOO SOUMYA RANJANA , M. MOTHILAL , B. PRIYADHARSHINI , N. DAMODHARAN
Published: March 2021

In this review, the authors have discussed scientific advances in thermosensitive hydrogels over the past two decades. The ability of the thermo-sensitive hydrogel to undergo rapid changes with response to temperature makes it an attractive candidate for many biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery, wound healing, soft contact lenses, sensors, tissue regeneration, gene, and protein delivery. This review aims to deliver a brief overview of gelation properties, merits, and demerits of various natural and synthetic thermo-sensitive polymers that have significant clinical relevance. The report emphasizes the importance of injectable thermosensitive hydrogels, as it can offer improved solubility of hydrophobic drugs and site-specificity, extended-release of drugs and macromolecules, improved safety, and local administration of drugs. The authors has also provided a commentary on the delivery of drugs or macromolecules from thermo-sensitive hydrogels through various approaches. This review highlights the current status of research in thermo-sensitive hydrogels and emphasizes the importance of developing nontoxic thermo-sensitive hydrogels, dual responsive, and multi-responsive hydrogel systems.
SETTING TIME, FLOWABILITY, AND SOLUBILITY OF EPOXY RESIN-BASED SEALER MIXED WITH CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES
Authors: RATIH DIATRI NARI , ENGGARDIPTA RARAS AJENG , KUSUMO ADI NUGROHO HENDRO , HADRIYANTO WIGNYO
Published: March 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the incorporation of chitosan nanoparticles into epoxy resin-based sealer on its setting time, flowability and solubility. 

Methods: This study was divided into three evaluations: setting time, flowability, and solubility of sealers. Each study used 20 samples, which were divided into two groups. Group 1, epoxy resin-based sealers, and group 2, epoxy resin-based sealers mixed with chitosan nanoparticles. The Gilmore needle was used to observe the setting time, a simple press method based on ISO 6876 was employed to evaluate the flowability of the sealer, and the solubility test, which was according to ISO 6876 standard, was used to determine the solubility of sealers. The surface structure of the sealers before and after the solubility test was observed under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The data obtained from each study were analyzed by an unpaired t-test with a degree of significance of 95%.

Results: The results showed that the setting time of epoxy resin and epoxy resin incorporated with chitosan were 567±30.20 and 572.5±27.91 min, flowability was 25.06±0.89 and 23.18±1.06 mm, and solubility was 0.0051%±0.0016 and 0.0045%±0.0018, respectively. No significant difference occurred between epoxy resin-based sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer mixed with chitosan nanoparticles in setting time, flowability, and solubility of sealers (*P>0.05). 

Conclusion: The incorporation of chitosan nanoparticles produced a similar effect in setting time, flowability, and solubility as the epoxy resin-based sealer. Thus, epoxy resin-based sealer mixed with chitosan nanoparticles had acceptable properties in setting time, flowability, and solubility based on ISO 6876 standards.
EMULSOMES FOR LIPOPHILIC ANTICANCER DRUG DELIVERY: DEVELOPMENT, OPTIMIZATION AND IN VITRO DRUG RELEASE KINETIC STUDY
Authors: DUBEY S. , VYAS S. P.
Published: March 2021

Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate and characterize paclitaxel (Ptx) loaded sterically stabilized emulsomes to provide non-toxic and biocompatible carriers with high Ptx loading efficiency.

Methods: Plain (P-Es) and sterically stabilized emulsomes (SS-Es) were prepared by a modified solvent evaporation method using tristearin as solid lipid and optimized for lipid to (DSPC+CHOL+DSPE-PEG)/ tristearin ratio, lipid/lipid-PEG (DSPC+CHOL/DSPE-PEG) molar ratio, solid lipid concentration, phospholipid concentration, organic to aqueous phase volume and homogenization time based on their effect particle size and entrapment efficiency. Optimized emulsomes were characterized for morphological features, in vitro drug release kinetics and protection from plasma protein.

Results: The emulsomes so formed were uniform in size with a mean particle diameter of 275±5.52 and 195±6.4 nm for P-Es and SS-Es respectively. All the formulations showed pH dependent drug release with a slow and sustained release profile. Slower drug release was observed from sterically stabilized emulsomes than the plain emulsomes. The drug release profile followed the Higuchi model with the Fickian diffusion pattern. The Pegylation of emulsomes significantly reduced the in vitro protein absorption.

Conclusion: The sterically stabilized emulsome can serve as a novel non-toxic platform with longer circulatory time for the delivery of Paclitaxel and other poorly water-soluble drugs as well.
The THE ANTICHOLESTEROL ACTIVITY OF BETULINIC ACID AND STIGMASTEROL ISOLATED FROM THE LEAVES OF SUNGKAI (PARONEMA CANESCENS JACK)
Authors: MUHARNI MUHARNI , FERLINAHAYATI FERLINAHAYATI , YOHANDINI HENI , RIYANTI FAHMA , PAKPAHAN NADYA ANASTASIA PRESCILLA
Published: March 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anticholesterol activity of Paronema canescens leaves extract.

Methods: These compounds were isolated via chromatography using silica gel as the stationary phase. Their structures were revealed using IR and 1D NMR data and by comparing their NMR data with the literature's data. The anticholesterol activity of compounds was tested using photometry via the Liebermann–Burchard reaction.

Results: Betulinic acid (1) and stigmasterol (2) were isolated from the leaves extracts of sungkai (P. canescens). The betulinic acid (1) that was isolated showed anticholesterol activity with an IC50 value of 60.53 µg/ml, stigmasterol (2) 222.32 µg/ml, while the standard anticholesterol compound simvastatin had an IC50 of 24.68 µg/ml.

Conclusion: The stigmasterol (2) has previously been reported from P. canescens while that of betulinic acid (1) is reported here for the first time and identifies its anticholesterol activity.
TREATMENT MODALITIES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC THROUGH REPURPOSED DRUGS AND STATUS OF VACCINES
Authors: HUSSSAIN MD SADIQUE , MOHIT  , PAMMA PARUL , KUMARI BABY
Published: March 2021

Respiratory diseases are the leading source of morbidity and death for millions around the world of all ages. A 2019 coronavirus outbreak has occurred in China and is spread quickly throughout nearly all across the world. To introduce prevention measures that have contributed to a sudden upturn in the rate of cases around the globe, several nations responded too late. It has prompted nations to close the borders, halted companies, kept people inside their homes, and numerous other measures to prevent their spread.

We systematically searched on Google scholar, PubMed, LitCovid, and MedRxiv using the search terms coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome, 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, COVID-19, and vaccine for published articles. Present or performed clinical studies were found on the ClinicalTrials. gov, the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and the International Clinical Trial Registry site using the disease searches phrase coronavirus infection.

Many repurposed drugs, including antivirals, antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, corticosteroids, and others, were found to be effective against the novel COVID-19. Governments, private firms, researchers, and non-profit organizations are working hard to create a COVID-19 vaccine.

In addition to the new medicines and old drug clinical testing, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines must also be designed and developed. Moreover, positive news in the development of vaccines suggests that new vaccines will be available on the market soon and a bowl of immunity against this virus can be established, thus limiting the spread and eradication of this deadly virus from the surface of the world as with so many viruses.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES LOADED HYDROGEL FOR BURNS
Authors: KUMAR ASHISH , PANDIT VINAY , NAGAICH UPENDRA
Published: March 2021

Objective: The present study focuses on the development and optimization of copper nanoparticles (CNPs) loaded hydrogel for the treatment of dermal burn injuries.

Methods: CNPs gel was prepared by dispersing the variable concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in distilled water, PEG 400, and copper nanoparticles. factor screening study was performed for identification of influential factors, followed by optimization study using three-factor Box-Behnken design.

Results: Optimized nanogel formulation, when compared to normal control (NC), shows a significant reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 = 39.74 % and TNF-α =49.37%) and increased level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 = 30.90%), indicating reduced inflammation. Further, the wound closure rate of CNPs gel shows significant (12.27 %) wound closure as compared to the NC group and complete wound closure (100 %) on the 14th day, indicating accelerated wound healing.

Conclusion: the present investigation endorses accelerated scar-free, accelerated wound healing potential of copper nanoparticles gel with anti-inflammatory potential.
AUTHENTICATION OF SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) FAT WITH GC-MS (GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY) COMBINED WITH CHEMOMETRICS
Authors: GUNTARTI ANY , NINGRUM KARINA PRIMATYAS , GANDJAR IBNU GHOLIB , SALAMAH NINA
Published: March 2021

Objective: Misuse of rat meat as food worried people. Rat meat can come from research waste; one of the rats used in the research was the Sprague Dawley. Analysis of rat meat in food can be done using fat. The aim of this study was to authenticate rat fat with GC-MS combined with chemometrics.

Methods: The meat of Sprague Dawley rats, wild boar, goats, cow, and processed meatballs was put in the oven at 90-100 °C for±one hour, then derivatized with BF3 and NaOH in methanol to get the methyl ester for injected in GC-MS instrument. The results obtained were in the form of chromatograms and spectrograms. The data was processed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to grouping rat's meat with others (wild boars, goats, cows, and processed meatballs).

Results: Rat meat fatty acid analysis results with GC-MS were obtained oleate (43.32±1.43)%, linolenate (32.24±1.46)%, palmitate (19.75±0.09)%, palmitoleate (1.14±0.06)%, stearate (0.26±0.01)%, myristate(0.18±0.01)%, margarate (0.15±0.02)%, and pentadecanoate (0.14±0.01)%. The PCA chemometrics results showed that rat meats had scores that close to cows, which meant they had similar fatty acid composition.

Conclusion: The GC-MS method, combined with PCA chemometrics, tested rat fat with other animals and processed meatballs samples on the market.
Механизм формирования нанодисперсных прослоек нитрида бора в порошковых компактах ПХ13М2-BN
Authors: Большаков Б.О. , Галиакбаров Р.Ф. , Смыслов А.М.
Published: March 2021

В работе рассмотрен вопрос формирования структуры порошковых компактов ПХ13М2-BN, полученных твердофазным вспеканием. Представлены механизмы формирования нанодисперсных прослоек BN по границам зерен компактов и феноменологическая модель формирования областей с повышенной концентрацией керамических частиц в объеме материала.
This paper considers formation of PCh13M2-BN powder compact structure obtained by solidphase sintering. The mechanism of the formation of nanodispersed BN interlayers along the grain boundaries of compacts and a phenomenological model of the formation of regions with the increased concentration of ceramic particles in the bulk of the material are presented.
Программное обеспечение "ФемтоСкан Онлайн" в исследовании вирусов
Authors: Яминский И.В. , Ахметова А.И.
Published: March 2021

Исследование вирусов стало особенно актуальной задачей на сегодняшней день. Сканирующая зондовая микроскопия позволяет получать уникальную информацию о морфологии и свойствах вирусов, недоступную другими методами, и может объяснить, например, способность вирусов противостоять многим внешним факторам среды, приспосабливаться к условиям. Механические и геометрические свойства, адгезия, склонность к агрегации, способность кристаллизоваться – эти данные можно получать с помощью зондовой микроскопии. В этих исследованиях специализированное программное обеспечение является важным инструментом для обработки и анализа полученных результатов.

Nowadays, virus research has become an especially urgent task. Scanning probe microscopy allows one to obtain unique information about the morphology and properties of viruses, which are inaccessible by other methods, and may explain, for example, the ability of viruses to
withstand many external environmental factors and adapt to external conditions. Mechanical and geometrical properties, adhesion, tendency to aggregation, ability to crystallize can be obtained using the probe microscopy. In these studies, specialized software is an important tool
for processing and analyzing the results obtained.
Полвека в науке. От лаборатории сегнетоэлектриков к центрам коллективного пользования и фундаментальной биотехнологии и биоинженерии
Authors: Шур В.Я.
Published: March 2021

Интенсивность научных открытий и появления новых направ-
лений исследований за последние полвека настолько высока,
что прогресс развития знаний от зарождения первичных
представлений до получения современных высокотехноло-
гичных результатов можно проследить по научной биогра-
фии одного ученого. Владимир Яковлевич Шур, ныне профес-
сор, директор Уральского центра коллективного пользования
"Современные нанотехнологии" (далее – УЦКП НС) и член
редакционного совета журнала "Фотоника", начинал свой
путь в науке с исследования сегнетоэлектрических доменов,
а сейчас, спустя полвека, круг его интересов включает соз-
дание наноструктурированных материалов, изучение нано-
токсикологии и развитие биопринтинга. О науке, центрах
коллективного пользования и перспективах развития отече-
ственного научного знания делится своими мыслями безза-
ветно преданный науке Владимир Яковлевич.
Исследование распределения трития в конструкционных и функциональных материалах методом радиолюминографии
Authors: Бобырь Н.П. , Лесина И.Г. , Семенов А.А. , Аникин А.С. , Забирова Н.Е. , Лизунов А.В. , Крюкова А.С. , Букин А.Н. , Козлова Е.В.
Published: March 2021

Многие методы анализа изотопов водорода в конструкционных и функциональных материалах позволяют судить только об интегральных величинах их концентраций, не давая информации о распределении водорода в образце. Относительно новый высокоинформативный метод анализа, такой как радиолюминография, позволяет с высокой точностью определять содержание и распределение трития в различных материалах. Это открывает новые перспективы в исследованиях взаимодействия водорода с конструкционными и функциональными материалами. Метод радиолюминографии позволяет определять коэффициенты диффузии трития в широком диапазоне температур даже в тех случаях, когда применение мембранных методов затруднено. Благодаря применению различных типов фотопластин детектирование трития возможно как по бета-излучению, так и по тормозному рентгеновскому излучению. В работе приведены примеры применения метода радиолюминографии для качественного и количественного определения трития на поверхности и в приповерхностной области образца.
Registro de depredación de (Chaetodipus spinatus) por (Peromyscus gambelii ) en la Sierra Cucapá, Baja California, México
Authors: Hernández Hernández Julio César , Monter-Pozos Álvaro
Published: March 2021

RESUMENLos roedores son especies con hábitos alimentarios principalmente herbívoros, aunque ocasionalmente se alimentan de invertebrados u hongos. Sin embargo, la depredación entre especies del mismo orden es un suceso que no había sido reportado. Durante el monitoreo de mastofauna en la sierra Cucapá, Baja California, una hembra adulta de Peromyscus gambelii fue capturada junto con otra hembra adulta de Chaetodipus spinatus muerta dentro de la misma trampa, la cual se encontraba con señales de haber sido depredada. Esta información indica una clara relación antagonista entre ambas especies. En esta nota mostramos el primer estudio documentado de depredación por estas dos especies de roedores en México.Palabras clave: depredación, relación antagonista, Rodentia, roedores sintópicos.ABSTRACTRodents are species with mainly herbivorous eating habits, although occasionally feed on invertebrates or fungi. However, predation between species of the same order has not been reported. During the monitoring of mastofauna in the Sierra Cucapá, Baja California, an adult female of Peromyscus gambelii was captured with another adult female of Chaetodipus spinatus dead within the same trap, which was found with signs of having been predated. This information indicates a clear antagonistic relationship between both species. We show the first documented study of predation for these two species of rodents in Mexico.Key words: antagonistic relationships, predation, Rodentia, syntopic rodents.
Dynamic testing of Krasnoyarskgrazhdanproekt office building in Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Khoroshavin Evgeny A.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Experimental methods for studying vibrations of buildings and structures (dynamic tests) make it possible to determine an individual set of parameters of dynamic characteristics of natural vibrations inherent in each building and structure. The method of standing waves was chosen to determine dynamic characteristics; it allows to obtain detailed (with the required degree of detail) and, most importantly, reliable data on the technical condition of the building. Materials and methods. Mobile diagnostic unit “Standing Wave Method” (MSW) recorded the micro-seismic vibrations of building constructions. The layout of sensors with a single reference point was chosen. The standing wave method was applied to develop the software package in order to process the micro-seismic vibrations of the building. Vibration cohe­rence spectra were analyzed to identify the natural frequencies of the building. A GIS model was developed to demonstrate the amplitudes and phases of vibrations in the building. Results. Eigenfrequencies, peak amplitudes, and phase characteristics of the building’s wave field were determined. Patterns of distribution of amplitudes and maps of vibration phases were constructed. Areas, accommodating destructive processes in the brickwork of the building’s bearing walls, were identified and the reasons for their occurrence were established. Conclusions. The dynamic characteristics of the building were obtained in reliance upon the results of dynamic tests of the office building. The analysis of the distribution of these parameters allowed to assess the technical condition of the building and to make recommendations towards its strengthening. The author suggests that the mobile diagnostic system, employing the standing wave method, can be used to resolve a wide range of problems.
Using secondary raw materials in construction of buildings with account taken of environmental standards
Authors: Sukhinina Elena A.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The article addresses the problem of irrational treatment of solid municipal, production and consumption waste in Russia, as well as the prospects of using secondary raw materials in the construction of buildings. The research is focused on environmental standards, environmental certification systems in the construction industry, as well as recycled materials. The study encompasses the construction of buildings using recycled materials, taking into account the requirements set in environmental standards.

Materials and methods. The article presents several types of secondary raw materials and an overview of sustainable approaches to the construction of buildings using recycled materials in Russia and abroad. Most widely spread construction technologies, used to build houses using secondary raw materials, are described. An environmentally friendly facility constructed in Russia using secondary raw materials is described as an illustration.

Results. The state of the Russian legislative framework governing the treatment of solid municipal, construction, and consumption waste and the requirements of international and Russian environmental standards applicable to buildings are analyzed. The percent ratio of waste management actions is determined in relation to other requirements set by environmental certification systems applicable to real estate items.

Conclusions. A new classification of construction products made of secondary raw materials is presented. Conclusions are made about the feasibility of reusing solid household, industrial and consumption waste in the construction industry. The need to revise environmental standards in Russia is identified. The Russian environmental standards should have a larger number of criteria determining the rational treatment of solid municipal, construction, and consumption waste as well as the use of products made of secondary raw materials.
ROLE OF AMBROXOL AS A PROPHYLACTIC AGENT AGAINST COVID-19
Authors: Baraka Azza M. , El-Hadidy Wessam F.
Published: March 2021

Currently the world is facing a pandemic disease, namely Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As finding recent drugs targeting COVID-19 will take a long time, so repositioning currently existing FDA approved drugs for treating this disastrous disease is an acceptable solution. It has been found that for SARS-CoV-2 to be infective, this necessitates splitting of the viral spike glycoproteins by the serine protease “type II transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2” that has shown to be widely expressed in pulmonary tissues. Thus, TMPRSS2 is suggested to be potential target for antiviral drug design against COVID-19.  The mucokinetic drug “Ambroxol” has been reported as a potent inhibitor of TMPRSS2, thus it could represent a therapeutic as well as a prophylactic candidate against SARS-CoV2. This review gives a brief summary about ambroxol’s potential role against COVID-19’s TMPRSS2.
                          
Peer Review History:
Received 8 January 2021; Revised 5 February; Accepted 25 February, Available online 15 March 2021
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. 
Received file:                Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewer(s) detail:
Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, ari@ankara.edu.tr
Prof. Cyprian Ogbonna ONYEJI, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, conyeji@oauife.edu.ng
Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
 Similar Articles:
RISK FACTORS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES AMONG YEMENI YOUNG DENTAL PATIENTS
KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF MOLAR INCISOR HYPOMINERALIZATION AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS IN SANA’A CITY- YEMEN
O game como recurso didático: intervenção pedagógica abordando conceitos aritméticos no ensino fundamental – anos iniciais
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Thoaldo da , Góes Anderson Roges Teixeira
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta a investigação realizada utilizando um game, Tux of Math Command, com o objetivo de verificar as constituições desta tecnologia digital na educação básica. Com o game foram abordados conceitos matemáticos buscando experiências para tornar o ambiente escolar atrativo e facilitador de aprendizagem utilizando da ludicidade, uma vez que possui interface com animações e imagens. A metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa descrevendo a prática do professor-pesquisador em sala de aula e observando os estudantes frente à utilização de software educativo. Referente a área de conhecimento escolar, matemática, os resultados desta investigação mostram que o game analisado contribui com a consolidação dos conceitos e do pensamento aritmético. Ainda, podemos afirmar que o game intensifica a relação estudante-estudante e estudante-professor promovendo o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, a interação participante-game e a sociointeração em sala de aula.
Mineração de Dados Educacionais e Learning Analytics no contexto educacional brasileiro: um mapeamento sistemático
Authors: Campos Aline De , Galafassi Cristiano , Bastiani Ederson , Josende Paz Fabio , Leite Campos Raphael , Krug Wives Leandro , Cesar Cazella Silvio , Berni Reategui Eliseo , Augusto Couto Barone Dante
Published: March 2021

A partir de um mapeamento sistemático buscou-se verificar as contribuições de Learning Analytics e Mineração de Dados Educacionais no contexto educacional brasileiro. Optou-se por fontes de busca em três revistas na área de Informática na Educação e Anais de dois eventos de relevância nacional onde foram verificados 136 artigos entre janeiro de 2008 e março de 2020. Após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão e de qualidade foram selecionados 71 artigos. Os resultados apresentam a maior ocorrência de projetos com finalidade de analisar desempenho acadêmico e prevenção de evasão escolar, embora nos últimos anos os assuntos estejam apresentando diversificação temática. Grande parte são voltados ao Ensino Superior e na modalidade de Educação a Distância. Há variedade de tecnologias e recursos utilizados no desenvolvimento de soluções em LA ressaltando o uso de Linguagem R, MySQL e a ferramenta Weka.
Ferramentas tecnológicas a serviço da avaliação no contexto de ensino-aprendizagem: Um estudo comparativo
Authors: Maquiné Gilmara Oliveira , Coelho Iandra Maria Weirich da Silva
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um conjunto de ferramentas e soluções tecnológicas que permitem a avaliação do processo de ensino-aprendizagem no contexto virtual. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolvem uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, a identificação, levantamento e seleção de ferramentas tecnológicas, mediante uma análise comparativa, com foco qualitativo na descrição das principais contribuições e limitações dessas ferramentas. Os resultados apontam entre as principais contribuições, disponibilidade de diferentes recursos para a avaliação, facilidade de uso de algumas ferramentas, possibilidade de integração com outros ambientes, exportação de artefatos avaliativos, envio de feedback aos alunos, compartilhamento de instrumentos de avaliação e entre as principais limitações, o credenciamento junto às instituições, dificuldade com o idioma e conhecimentos prévios para utilização de recursos.
Racismo, colonialidade e descolonização do currículo formal: duas experiências no chão da escola e a fuga de uma história única
Authors: Café Lucas Santos
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o racismo e a história única que impera na educação brasileira, a partir de uma discussão teórica sobre duas experiências vividas pelo pesquisador, como professor negro, em duas escolas de diferentes regiões brasileiras: Escola Quilombola Colégio Estadual Onildo Raimundo de Cristo/BA e o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato – Campus Primavera do Leste/MT.  Apesar de apresentarem histórias e trajetórias distintas, de serem projetadas para públicos diferentes, procedeu-se à reflexão sobre aquilo que essas escolas têm em comum, que é urgência da descolonização do currículo formal, das práticas educativas e pedagógicas, em favor de um fazer decolonial radical, preparado para lidar com as necessidades de uma educação antirracista que dialogue com as demandas reais da sociedade brasileira. Concluiu-se que é premente a necessidade de superar a colonialidade existente na educação, promovendo um fazer decolonial que possa ser construído para além de uma história única.
A Lei nº 11.645/2008 e os necessários diálogos entre História, Culturas e Artes indígenas na Educação Infantil
Authors: Silva Edson , Da Silva Maria Da Penha
Published: March 2021

Após mais de uma década da promulgação da Lei nº 11.645/2008, observa-se principalmente na Educação Infantil, visões folclorizadas no ensino sobre a temática indígena. Para outra abordagem, partir de diálogos entre a História, a Antropologia e Artes realizamos o projeto pedagógico “Indígenas não têm lendas! Têm histórias, culturas e artes!”, com uma turma de 20 crianças entre três a quatro anos de idade. Como estratégia pedagógica, rodas de conversas para contação de histórias, a partir de narrativas na literatura produzida por povos indígenas em Pernambuco e com várias atividades como exibição de documentários, construção de maquetes com massa de modelar. Observamos que as crianças perceberam a diversidade dos índios, os diferentes ambientes habitados, os conflitos entre indígenas e não indígenas, expressando indignação, empatia e solidariedade com os povos indígenas nas mobilizações por reconhecimento e garantia dos direitos.
A representação do negro em um livro didático de sociologia: análise após a implementação da Lei n° 10.639/2003
Authors: Bravin Rodrigo , Siqueira Yamilia De Paula , Pinheiro Larissa Franco de Mello Aquino , Pinel Hiran
Published: March 2021

Objetiva construir um diagnóstico sobre a forma como a história e cultura africana e afro-brasileira são representadas em um livro didático de Sociologia, distribuído pelo Ministério da Educação por meio do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). O foco direcionou-se para as representações imagéticas e textuais presentes no livro, para analisá-las à luz da Lei nº 10.639/2003 que tornou obrigatório o estudo da história e cultura afro-brasileira nos estabelecimentos de Ensino Fundamental e Médio brasileiro e, nesse caso, elegemos o livro didático: Sociologia para Jovens do Século XXI (2013) que foi escolhido pelos professores da escola no PNLD de 2015 entre seis opções disponíveis. A obra pesquisada está de acordo com Lei nº 10.639/2003 e com os preceitos estabelecidos na proposta de educação para as relações étnico-raciais. Porém, por atender um programa nacional, não abarca regionalidades, especificidades e questões locais da população negra do Espírito Santo como, por exemplo, as Comunidades Tradicionais Quilombolas que estão em várias partes do território estadual. Nesse sentido, reforçamos a necessidade de a Secretaria de Estado da Educação (SEDU) produzir materiais complementares e ofertar formação continuada para os educadores da rede, focados no povo negro capixaba.
A promoção da atenção e da memória por meio da Cinoterapia
Authors: Potgurski Dayane Stephanie , Weber Fernanda Celeste Sánchez , Camargo Renata Gomes , Diniz Camilla Fernandes , Sarzi Luana Zimmer , Pizzolotto Maria Beatriz Paludo
Published: March 2021

O conceito de Cinoterapia está relacionado a atividades, a educação e a terapia mediada por cães, nas quais se baseiam as práticas desenvolvidas no projeto “Proposta de atividades mediadas por animais no Colégio de Aplicação” CA/UFSC. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os benefícios para a qualificação da atenção e da memória, por meio de duas ações mediadas pelo cão, realizadas em 2019. Este artigo segue a abordagem qualitativa, os dados contidos nos registros das atividades em diário de campo foram interpretados com base na Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). As práticas analisadas ilustram os benefícios da Cinoterapia para a qualificação das Funções Executivas, em especial, da atenção e memória, favorecidas pela interação com o cão. Assim, verifica-se que essa interação se desenvolve como principal  fator instigante de tal qualificação.
Analisando as percepções de professores sobre o racismo na educação
Authors: Soares de Almeira Eduarda , Nedel Oliveira Victor Hugo
Published: March 2021

O racismo é um assunto muito importante e delicado de se tratar em sala de aula. Esta é uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo principal de analisar o que os professores do 7º ano do ensino fundamental do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRGS pensam sobre o racismo. Para atingir os objetivos propostos foi realizada a leitura de materiais selecionados e a aplicação de um questionário. Os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa evidenciaram que a maioria dos professores participantes era do gênero feminino, da etnia branca e residente em Porto Alegre. A totalidade dos sujeitos concorda plenamente com a afirmação de que “negros sofrem racismo todo o dia no Brasil”. A absoluta maioria dos sujeitos concorda com as afirmações “todos os negros sofrem racismo” e “os negros são o principal alvo de racismo no Brasil”. É possível considerar, portanto, que o racismo em suas múltiplas faces é notadamente percebido pelos professores que participaram da investigação.
Eu me vejo: representação e representatividade nas obras literárias presentes no Programa Nacional Biblioteca na escola 2013
Authors: De Souza Thais Boardman
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa de iniciação científica intitulada “eu me vejo: representação e representatividade nas obras literárias presentes no Programa Nacional Biblioteca na escola 2013” que teve como objetivo principal ler e investigar quais obras, do acervo do PNBE do ano de 2013, possuem protagonistas negros e, dentro dessas, como eram as representações étnicas. Para construir esta pesquisa, iniciei leituras e reflexões referentes aos estudos sobre raça no Brasil conforme Antonio Sergio Guimarães e sobre os conceitos de representação e representatividade – tendo como principal referência Stuart Hall. No segundo momento, desenvolvi uma análise das obras literárias selecionadas pelo PNBE, para verificar quais representações de etnia estão presentes nesse acervo. Dos 120 livros do acervo indicado para os últimos anos do ensino fundamental, averiguei que apenas quatro obras literárias possuem protagonistas negros.
Diálogos possíveis entre educação antirracista e decolonial: vozes insurgentes, pedagogias críticas e a Lei 10.639/03
Authors: Reis Diego Dos Santos , Calado Maria da Glória
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem por objeto discutir os diálogos possíveis entre a perspectiva decolonial e a proposição de uma educação antirracista. Busca-se retraçar, brevemente, o percurso dos embates e das negociações envolvidas na promulgação da Lei 10.639/03, sobretudo no que concerne à luta e ao protagonismo do Movimento Negro. Trata-se de analisar de que modo as práticas e as legislações antirracistas redefinem os itinerários de formação docente e impactam nos trajetos curriculares – de estudantes e professores/as –, com consequências políticas e epistemológicas notórias. Por fim, são apresentados os desafios atuais para o combate ao racismo nas escolas, com ênfase nas vozes insurgentes e contracoloniais, no letramento racial crítico e nas práticas antirracistas.
Histórias de vida, histórias de formação: narrativas de/sobre formação de integrantes de um grupo de estudos e pesquisas
Authors: Derossi Caio Corrêa , Ferreira Karen Laíssa Marcílio , De Souza Mirelle Barbosa
Published: March 2021

O presente ensaio teórico-metodológico, de natureza qualitativa e de abordagem bibliográfica e empírica, objetivou analisar e compreender sobre os aspectos formativos da docência, inscritos em seis narrativas de integrantes do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Formação do Educador e Práticas Educativas (FORMEPE), ligado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, curso de Mestrado, da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. A partir de uma dinâmica motivada pela discussão acerca a formação de professores em um prisma teórico-metodológico das pesquisas narrativas, partiu-se das histórias e das experiências compartilhadas pelos sujeitos, para se discutir frente ao conhecimento produzido e a literatura especializada, os movimentos de formação, de desenvolvimento e de aprendizagem profissionais, relacionando os componentes micro e macro sociais. Então, pode-se observar a potencialidade de se refletir os processos formativos dos professores partindo das trajetórias de vida e formação narradas.
Vozes inauditas em um currículo colonizado: ‘Eu quero um país que não está no retrato’
Authors: Ricardo Machado Edilaine (Dedy) , Nunes de Alcântara Celina
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo interpela-se a relação de desigualdade entre a abordagem da cultura eurodescendente e as culturas negra e indígena nos currículos escolares. Aponta-se a proposição dos Estudos da Performance como possibilidade de subverter as práticas curriculares correntes. Projeta-se que, por intermédio de tal subversão, seja possível agregar outras experiências epistemológicas aos programas escolares, na expectativa de construção de um currículo decolonial.
Tematização da cultura corporal africana e afro-brasileira na Educação Física: uma experiência de estágio na Educação Infantil
Authors: Milagres Pedro De Oliveira , Baia Anderson Da Cunha , Dos Santos Doiara Silva
Published: March 2021

A Cultura Corporal consiste em um conjunto de conhecimentos tratados pela Educação Física que reconhecem as expressões corporais enquanto linguagens histórica e culturalmente construídas, sendo a Africana e Afro-brasileira próprias em suas especificidades no que tange ao corpo e às práticas corporais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir a tematização da cultura corporal africana e afro-brasileira na Educação Infantil, orientada por uma proposta crítica de ensino, a partir da experiência no estágio supervisionado em Educação Física. Assim, ele consiste em um relato descritivo-reflexivo elaborado por um estagiário, com contribuições dos professores-supervisores, revelando o exercício de planejamento e construção das práticas no contexto escolar. Consideramos que a elaboração do planejamento sob prisma histórico e a sequência didático-pedagógica desenvolvida contribuíram para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem e apropriação da temática por crianças daquele nível de ensino. Além disso, a tematização Africana e Afro-Brasileira permitiu às crianças compreenderem as práticas corporais cotidianas enquanto não-neutras e marcadas pelos saberes de matriz africana.
Um olhar para a seleção de textos e para a experiência em Língua Portuguesa e Literatura: por uma educação linguística e literária antirracista
Authors: Dutra Kedilen , Rodrigues Thiago Martins
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo problematizar a seleção de textos das aulas de Língua Portuguesa e Literatura do ensino fundamental, baseando-se nos pressupostos da Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais (ERER), e tematizar a leitura literária pelo viés da experiência dos sujeitos históricos em sociedade. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, discutimos algumas concepções a respeito da prática da ERER. Em seguida, tratamos da seleção de textos como etapa primordial na construção de um projeto de ensino-aprendizagem. Então, a partir do arcabouço teórico explorado, propomos uma seleção de textos apresentada por meio de tarefas de leitura. Finalmente, entendemos que a seleção de textos e a leitura entendida como uma experiência a ser compartilhada em sala de aula é uma possibilidade de concretização de uma educação linguística e literária antirracista..