bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of endovascular embolization and predictors of postoperative complications in patients with different types of brain arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Brusyanskaya A. , Krivoshapkin A. , Orlov K. , Alshevskaya A. , Moskalev A. , Sergeev G. , Gaytan A. , Simonovich A.
Published: July 2019

Aim. (1) To evaluate the efficiency of endovascular embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with seizure or hemorrhage in relation to radicalness and postoperative complication development and (2) to determine the predictors of postoperative complications after endovascular embolization of AVMs.
Methods. In this retrospective study, we examined the treatment of 192 patients with brain AVMs with seizure (seizure group; n = 85) or hemorrhage (hemorrhage group; n = 107). All the patients underwent total endovascular embolization of the malformations, and the follow-up period was 12 months. The two different patient groups were identified, and the predictors of the development of adverse events (hemorrhagic and ischemic complications) in the early postoperative period (hospital stay) were determined.
Results. Twelve months after control cerebral angiography was performed, recanalization was observed in 7 (8.2%) and 14 (13.1%) patients in the seizure and hemorrhage groups, respectively (p = 0.432). The frequency of complications was 20% and 29.9% in the seizure and hemorrhage groups, respectively (p = 0.162). The mortality rate during hospitalization was 0% and 9.3% in the seizure and hemorrhage groups, respectively (p = 0.026). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that a history of hemorrhage, the location of AVMs in functionally significant zones, and a large maximum size of AVMs are predictors of the development of postoperative complications.
Conclusion. Endovascular embolization is an effective, minimally invasive approach for the treatment of different types of brain AVMs. Considering the natural risks of brain AVMs according to the literature, endovascular embolization is associated with a low frequency of early postoperative complications.
Received 14 February 2019. Revised 24 May 2019. Accepted 28 May 2019.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Multimodal Analgesia for Perioperative Management of Patients presenting for Spinal Surgery
Authors: Agarwal Deepak , Chahar Praveen , Chmiela Mark , Sagir Afrin , Kim Arnold , Malik Faysal , Farag Ehab
Published: July 2019

Multimodal, non-opioid based analgesia has become the cornerstone of ERAS protocols for effective analgesia after spinal surgery. Opioid side effects, dependence and legislation restricting long term opioid use has led to a resurgence in interest in opioid sparing techniques. The increasing array of multimodal opioid sparing analgesics available for spinal surgery targeting novel receptors, transmitters, and altering epigenetics can help provide an optimal perioperative experience with less opioid side effects and long-term dependence. Epigenetic mechanisms of pain may enhance or suppress gene expression, without altering the genome itself. Such mechanisms are complex, dynamic and responsive to environment. Alterations that occur can affect the pathophysiology of pain management at a DNA level, modifying perceived pain relief. In this review, we provide a brief overview of epigenetics of pain, systemic local anesthetics and neuraxial techniques that continue to remain useful for spinal surgery, neuropathic agents, as well as other common and less common target receptors for a truly multimodal approach to perioperative pain management.
Targeting the PAC1 Receptor for Neurological and Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Liao Chenyi , de Molliens Mathilde P. , Schneebeli Severin T. , Brewer Matthias , Song Gaojie , Chatenet David , Braas Karen M. , May Victor , Li Jianing
Published: July 2019

The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-selective PAC1 receptor (PAC1R, ADCYAP1R1) is a member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/secretin/glucagon family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). PAC1R has been shown to play crucial roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The activation of PAC1R initiates diverse downstream signal transduction pathways, including adenylyl cyclase, phospholipase C, MEK/ERK, and Akt pathways that regulate a number of physiological systems to maintain functional homeostasis. Accordingly, at times of tissue injury or insult, PACAP/PAC1R activation of these pathways can be trophic to blunt or delay apoptotic events and enhance cell survival. Enhancing PAC1R signaling under these conditions has the potential to mitigate cellular damages associated with cerebrovascular trauma (including stroke), neurodegeneration (such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's disease), or peripheral organ insults. Conversely, maladaptive PACAP/PAC1R signaling has been implicated in a number of disorders, including stressrelated psychopathologies (i.e., depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and related abnormalities), chronic pain and migraine, and metabolic diseases; abrogating PAC1R signaling under these pathological conditions represent opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Given the diverse PAC1R-mediated biological activities, the receptor has emerged as a relevant pharmaceutical target. In this review, we first describe the current knowledge regarding the molecular structure, dynamics, and function of PAC1R. Then, we discuss the roles of PACAP and PAC1R in the activation of a variety of signaling cascades related to the physiology and diseases of the nervous system. Lastly, we examine current drug design and development of peptides and small molecules targeting PAC1R based on a number of structure- activity relationship studies and key pharmacophore elements. At present, the rational design of PAC1R-selective peptide or small-molecule therapeutics is largely hindered by the lack of structural information regarding PAC1R activation mechanisms, the PACAP-PAC1R interface, and the core segments involved in receptor activation. Understanding the molecular basis governing the PACAP interactions with its different cognate receptors will undoubtedly provide a basis for the development and/or refinement of receptor-selective therapeutics.
Inhibition of miR-223 Expression Using a Sponge Strategy Decreases Restenosis in Rat Injured Carotids
Authors: M’baya-Moutoula Eleonore , Marchand Alexandre , Six Isabelle , Bahrar Noura , Celic Tanja , Mougenot Nathalie , Maitrias Pierre , Massy Ziad A. , Lompré Anne-Marie , Metzinger Laurent , Metzinger-Le Meuth Valérie
Published: July 2019

Objective:

Restenosis is a frequent complication of angioplasty. It consists of a neointimal
hyperplasia resulting from progression and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) into the
vessel lumen. microRNA miR-223 has recently been shown to be involved in cardiovascular diseases
including atherosclerosis, vascular calcification and arterial thrombosis. In this study, our aim was to
assess the impact of miR-223 modulation on restenosis in a rat model of carotid artery after balloon
injury.

Methods:

The over and down-expression of miR-223 was induced by adenoviral vectors, containing
either a pre-miR-223 sequence allowing artificial miR-223 expression or a sponge sequence, trapping
the native microRNA, respectively. Restenosis was quantified on stained rat carotid sections.

Results:

In vitro, three mRNA (Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2C (MEF2C), Ras homolog gene family,
member B (RhoB) and Nuclear factor 1 A-type (NFIA)) reported as miR-223 direct targets and known
to be implicated in VSMC differentiation and contractility were studied by RT-qPCR. Our findings
showed that down-expression of miR-223 significantly reduced neointimal hyperplasia by 44% in carotids,
and was associated with a 2-3-fold overexpression of MEF2C, RhoB and NFIA in a murine monocyte
macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells.

Conclusions:

Down-regulating miR-223 could be a potential therapeutic approach to prevent restenosis
after angioplasty.
Theoretical Studies on the Selectivity Mechanisms of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK3β) with Pyrazine ATP-competitive Inhibitors by 3DQSAR, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Free Energy Calculations
Authors: Zhu Jingyu , Wu Yuanqing , Xu Lei , Jin Jian
Published: July 2019

Background:

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is associated with various key biological processes
and has been considered as an important therapeutic target for the treatment of many diseases. Great
efforts have been made on the development of GSK3 inhibitors, especially ATP-competitive GSK3β inhibitor,
but it is still a great challenge to develop selective GSK3β inhibitors because of the high sequence
homology with other kinases.

Objective:

In order to reveal the selectivity mechanisms of GSK3β inhibition at the molecular level, a series
of ATP-competitive GSK3β inhibitor was analyzed by a systematic computational method, combining 3DQSAR,
molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations and free energy calculations.

Methods:

Firstly, 3D-QSAR with CoMFA was built to explore the general structure activity relationships.
Secondly, CDOCKER and Flexible docking were employed to predicted the reasonable docking poses of
all studied inhibitors. And then, both GSK3β and CDK2 complexes were selected to conduct molecular dynamics
simulations. Finally, the free energy calculations were employed to find the key selective-residues.

Results:

CoMFA model suggested the steric, hydrophobic fields play key roles in the bioactivities of inhibitors,
and the binding mechanisms were well analyzed through molecular docking. The binding free energies
predicted are in good agreement with the experimental bioactivities and the free energy calculations
showed that the binding of GSK3β/inhibitors was mainly contributed from hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic
interaction.

Conclusion:

Some key residues for selective binding were highlighted, which may afford important guidance
for the rational design of novel ATP-competitive GSK3β inhibitors.
Levofloxacin-induced Desquamation: A Possible and Rare Case Report
Authors: Gill Gurleen Kaur , Chhabra Manik , Chawla Sumit Pal Singh
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone active against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with a well-defined margin of safety and efficacy. It has various labeled adverse effects like other fluoroquinolones but its adverse effect like desquamation is rarely reported.

Methods:

We present a case report of levofloxacin-induced desquamation in an Indian patient.

Case Report:

A-38-year old female patient presented to the outpatient department, with chief complaints of peeling off her epidermal skin. Initially, Desquamation started on her greater finger, which slowly spread to her hand, feet, lower limbs as well as upper limb and neck region. She was prescribed Levofloxacin for respiratory tract infection.

Results and Discussion:

Considering temporal relationship, upon causality assessment, (Adverse Drug Reaction) ADR was found to be likely, moderate and probable. The drug was withdrawn along with the initiation of supportive therapy and reaction subsided.

Discussion:

Although adverse drug reactions like desquamation are not fatal, this induces anxiety in the patients and reduces patient’s quality of life. This case report will help keep physicians vigilant about the current adverse drug reaction, helping in the early detection and management of ADR.
Reconfigurable Modular Computing System
Authors: Schevelev S. S.
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research. A reconfigurable computer system consists of a computing system and special-purpose computers that are used to solve the tasks of vector and matrix algebra, pattern recognition. There are distinctions between matrix and associative systems, neural networks. Matrix computing systems comprise a set of processor units connected through a switching device with multi-module memory. They are designed to solve vector, matrix and data array problems. Associative systems contain a large number of operating devices that can simultaneously process multiple data streams. Neural networks and neurocomputers have high performance when solving problems of expert systems, pattern recognition due to parallel processing of a neural network.

Methods. An information graph of the computational process of a reconfigurable modular system was plotted. Structural and functional schemes, algorithms that implement the construction of specialized modules for performing arithmetic and logical operations, search operations and functions for replacing occurrences in processed words were developed. Software for modelling the operation of the arithmetic-symbol processor, specialized computing modules, and switching systems was developed.

Results. A block diagram of a reconfigurable computing modular system was developed. The system consists of compatible functional modules and is capable of static and dynamic reconfiguration, has a parallel connection structure of the processor and computing modules through the use of interface channels. It consists of an arithmeticsymbol processor, specialized computing modules and switching systems; it performs specific tasks of symbolic information processing, arithmetic and logical operations.

Conclusion. Systems with a reconfigurable structure are high-performance and highly reliable computing systems that consist of integrated processors in multi-machine and multiprocessor systems. Reconfigurability of the structure provides high system performance due to its adaptation to computational processes and the composition of the processed tasks.
Code-switching as Identity Marker: A Sociolinguistic Study of Kurdish EFL University Students
Authors: Abubakr Soma Nawzad , Hassan Zana M. , Muhedeen Bekhal L.
Published: July 2019

Being able to know English along with a mother tongue would inevitably lead into code-switching. Whether intentional or unintentional, it is revealing to investigate codeswitching among English EFL learners. This study, however, focuses specifically on the issue of learner’s identity with codeswitching. Language as identity expresser, or even identity maker, is thought to be strongly connected with identity. This study targets Kurdish EFL students at university level to mainly investigate the reason(s) for code-switching between their mother tongue and English as a foreign language. To this end, quantitative data, through a questionnaire, has been collected. The model adopted for designing the questions is based on a well-known theory by Bloom and Gumperz (1972) known as ‘situational codeswitching’. This study hypothesizes that Kurdish EFL learners code switch from English to Kurdish due to the lack of knowledge in English, or they do code switch from Kurdish to English to mark a different identity, which is the major focus of this study. To validate or refute these claims, the data collected for this paper has been qualitatively verified to reach some conclusions.
Modal Sosial: Konsep, Inklusivitas dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Fathy Rusydan
Published: July 2019

Modal sosial diasumsikan sebagai alternatif bentuk modalitas lain. Secara teoritis ada perdebatan mengenai modal sosial bermuara kepada relasi-relasi sosial. Perdebatan itu berkenaan dengan konseptualisasi modal sosial sebagai kapital konkrit dimana individu atau kelompok mampu mendayagunakan relasi-relasi sosial mencakup nilai-norma, jaringan sosial dan kepercayaan untuk memperoleh keuntungan ekonomi dan manfaat sosial. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan modal sosial sebagai konsep teoritis. Pemaparan studi menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara modal sosial dengan inklusivitas dan pemberdayaan masyarakat terutama dalam konteks pembangunan inklusif berkelanjutan. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa konsep modal sosial berfungsi sebagai kerangka berpikir yang bermanfaat dalam keberhasilan pembangunan dan perumusan kebijakan.
BEBERAPA SISTEM SADAP ALTERNATIF PADA KLON BPM 24
Authors: Herlinawati Eva , Aji Martini , Kuswanhadi Kuswanhadi
Published: July 2019

Penyadapan yang tidak benar akan menghasilkan kulit pulihan yang buruk dan rendah produksinya. Beberapa alternatif sistem sadap perlu diteliti antara lain aplikasi stimulan, sistem sadap ganda, dan irisan sadap pendek.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa alternatif sistem sadap terhadap karakter fisiologi, pertumbuhan, dan produksi klon BPM 24. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Sembawa, menggunakan klon BPM 24, dan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa irisan ganda (S/4 U d3 ET2.5% Ga1 9/y (m) + S/2 d3 dan S/4 U d3 ET 2.5% Ga1 9/y (m) + S/4 d3 ET2.5% 9/y (m)) tidak mampu meningkatkan produksi dibanding sistem konvensional (S/2 d3). Kombinasi antara irisan pendek dan stimulasi justru menurunkan produksi karet kering. Irisan ganda menurunkan kadar karet kering (KKK) dan pertumbuhan lilit batang.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI DAN PENDAPATAN PETANI KARET (STUDI KASUS PETANI KARET DI WILAYAH OPERASIONAL PERUSAHAAN MIGAS KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN)
Authors: Nugraha Iman Satra , Alamsyah Aprizal , Agustina Dwi Shinta
Published: July 2019

Musi Banyuasin merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang berkontribusi terhadap produksi karet di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Namun disisi lain produksi karet yang dihasilkan oleh petani karet belum optimal. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi karet sehingga produksi karet petani dapat meningkat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive di 7 desa dengan masing-masing desa terdiri 30 responden. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder dan untuk analisis data menggunakan spss 16. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tingkat pendidikan petani mayoritas hanya mencapai Sekolah Dasar dan memiliki pengalaman berkebun karet selama 15 tahun. Sedangkan faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi karet adalah kepemilikan lahan karet (X2), jumlah tenaga kerja (X3), jenis bahan tanam yang digunakan (X4) dan penggunaan pupuk (X5). Sedangkan pendapatan keluarga sebesar Rp 3.732.000,- per bulan dan karet merupakan  sumber pendapatan terbesar terhadap total pendapatan keluarga dengan kontribusi sebesar Rp 2.024.000,- per bulan sedangkan selebihnya berasal dari kegiatan berdagang dan buruh.
KARAKTER FISIOLOGI LATEKS DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PRODUKSI LATEKS KLON GT 1 DI KEBUN KARET RAKYAT KABUPATEN LANGKAT
Authors: Purwaningrum Yayuk , Asbur Yenni
Published: July 2019

Kadar sukrosa, fosfat anorganik dan thiol merupakan karakter fisiologi pada tanaman karet yang erat hubungannya dengan kemampuan tanaman dalam pembentukan lateks. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara karakter  fisiologi dengan produksi lateks pada klon GT 1 dan waktu aplikasi stimulan yang tepat tanpa mengganggu kesehatan tanaman karet. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun karet rakyat desa Harapan, Kecamatan Sei Lapang, Kabupaten Langkat Sumatera Utara.  dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Balai Penelitian Sungei Putih pada tahun 2018. Klon yang diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu klon GT 1 pada umur 20 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis  Statistik Uji Korelasi dan Regresi. Berdasarkan analisa statistik hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa kadar sukrosa berkorelasi negatif dengan produksi lateks, Bulan Juni produksi lateks tinggi dipengaruhi oleh faktor fisiologi lateks sebesar 57,25%. Kondisi tersebut merupakan waktu yang tepat untuk aplikasi stimulansia pada klon GT 1.
EVALUASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK DI KELAS XII SMK N 2 MEULABOH
Authors: Sadrina Sadrina
Published: July 2019

Education is an important base in a nation. Thus, education is an important issue in the development plan. Education plays a very important role in developing the process of transforming Aceh into a superior Province in the next decade. Since 1956, Vocational High Schools began operating in Aceh to become a human resources printing institution that is ready to work in the world of government or industry. Therefore, Project-Based Learning (PBL) was introduced as a reliable method to be implemented in vocational schools. PBL appears as a method that focuses on student-centered learning. This research is a quantitative research that aims to find out students' perceptions of Project Based Learning in SMK N 2 Meulaboh. The sample in this study were students of class XII majoring in TIPTL, TGB, TAB, TAV, TKK, TKR and TSM, totaling 91 people. The results show that in general students believe that Project Based Learning has been running smoothly starting from the initial stage, implementation and final stage. In the initial stage, students state that the teacher starts learning with problems, gives direction and monitors the work of the student project design (min = 4.03). During the PBL implementation phase, students also mentioned that they were able to work in groups, discuss, find tools and submit projects on time (min = 3.98). Finally, at the final stage of PBL, students are confident and believe that the products produced from PBL are useful even though they are not ready to show or sell the product (min = 3.88).
The impact of dividend policy on firm performance: A case study of the industrial sector
Authors: Kamran Khan , Lamrani Houda Chakir , Khalid Shah
Published: July 2019

A dividend is a part of the profit that is distributed among the shareholders. When there is more profit, it increases the dividends which, in turn, increase the stock price of the firm and vice versa, when there is less profit it decreases the dividend payment and the stock price. In Pakistan the companies have no standard policy, therefore, they are open to decide about the dividend payment. The main objectives of the research are aimed at analyzing and investigating factors which affect firm performance such as dividend policy, capital structure short and long term, firm size and firm growth. In this research, the effect of dividend payment policy on the firm’s future performance of the Karachi stock exchange (KSE) listed companies (specifically cement sector) is analyzed. For this purpose, 5 hypotheses are developed and tested. The analyses are carried out by the econometric model (linear regression). The result shows that dividend policy, capital structure long term and firm size influence the performance of the firm (ROE).
Astrocytes and their participation in the mechanisms of therapeutic action of MSC in ischemic brain injury
Authors: Kalinina Y. A , Gilerovich E. G , Korzhevskii D. E
Published: July 2019

This review summarizes data on the role of astrocytes in the normal brain function and disease. After ischemic injury astroglia participates in the processes of endogenous repair and helps the surviving nerve cells to regain their lost functions. The response of astrocytes to ischemia depends on the severity of the disease and can determine its further development. To date, cellular therapy is a promising strategy in the treatment of post-stroke states. Numerous studies have shown the positive effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on functional recovery after ischemic stroke. The main effect is probably associated to the ability of MSC to enhance the endogenous restoration potential of nerve tissue. Recent experimental data have demonstrated that a special role in the therapeutic effects of cell therapy belongs to astroglial cells. Further study of the interaction of MSC and astrocytes will help in the search for new approaches in the treatment of the ischemic injury consequences.
Fenomena Bullying Siswa: Studi Tentang Motif Perilaku Bullying Siswa di SMP Negeri 01 Painan, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Sari Yuli Permata , Azwar Welhendri
Published: July 2019

Banyak sebab peserta didik melakukan perilaku bullying. Penelitian ini membahas tentang motif rasa aman peserta didik melakukan perilaku bullying di SMP Negeri 1 Painan. Beberapa konsep perilaku sosial digunakan untuk menganalisis bagaimana praktek bullying terjadi, apa saja motiv dan bagaimana praktek bullying itu dimaknai oleh pelaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk perilaku bullying, makna bullying bagi para pelaku bully, serta faktor pendorong terjadinya perilaku bullying dilingkungan sekolah. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggambarkan sesuatu keadaaan apa adanya,  menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fakta bahwa; pertama, sikap apatis dari lingkungan menyebabkan angka bullying semakin tinggi  di lingkungan sekolah. Kedua, keseluruhan pelaku bullying merupakan korban, sehingga korban berubah menjadi seorang pelaku bullying. Ketiga, tujuan korban menjadi pelaku bullying adalah untuk melindungi diri, serta untuk mendapatkan rasa aman dari ligkungannya. Selain itu pelaku juga melakukan bully untuk tujuan membalaskan dendamnya, hal ini karena pelaku pernah menjadi korban. Balas dendam tersebut berupa peniruan dari perlaku yang diterimanya.
Kajian Eksperimen Kapasitas dan Efisiensi Perontokan pada Power Thresher dengan Variasi Kecepatan Putar dan Jumlah Gigi Silinder Perontok
Authors: Suhendra Suhendra , Muliadi Muliadi , Syahrizal Iman , Rianto Ari
Published: July 2019

Penerapan teknik perontokan yang kurang tepat dapat meningkatkan kehilangan hasil. Proses perontokan secara umum dapat dilakukan menggunakan cara manual dan mekanis. Perontokan secara mekanis dilakukan menggunakan thresher dengan mekanisme perontok berupa gigi yang terpasang pada silinder perontok. Gigi perontok terbuat dari baut atau besi bulat padat biasanya dapat diatur tinggi rendahnya. Pergerakan silinder perontok dapat dihasilkan secara manual menggunakan engkol pemutar atau menggunakan engine. Kecepatan putar dan jumlah gigi pada silinder perontok merupakan parameter yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap hasil perontokan, karena parameter tersebut sering divariasikan oleh petani saat melakukan proses perontokan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji kinerja pada power thresher dan membuktikan pengaruh kecepatan putar dan jumlah gigi silinder perontok terhadap kapasitas dan efisiensi perontokan pada padi varietas Sirendah. Kecepatan putar silinder perontok divariasikan menjadi 4 perlakuan yaitu 364, 446, 476 dan 512 rpm. Jumlah gigi pada silinder perontok divariasikan menjadi 4 perlakuan yaitu 40, 52, 60 dan 68 buah. Variabel tak bebas penelitian meliputi kapasitas dan efisiensi perontokan gabah pada power thresher. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian kecepatan putar silinder perontok pada power thresher sangat berbeda nyata pengaruhnya terhadap kapasitas perontokan gabah, sedangkan jumlah gigi silinder perontok sangat berbeda nyata pengaruhnya terhadap efisiensi perontokan gabah. Interaksi perlakuan kecepatan putar 512 rpm dan gigi silinder perontok  berjumlah 68 buah menghasilkan kapasitas perontokan terbaik yaitu 569 kg/jam. Interaksi perlakuan jumlah gigi perontok 52 buah pada kecepatan putar silinder perontok 446 rpm menghasilkan efisiensi perontokan terbaik yaitu sebesar 95,3%.
Assessing impact of base erosion and profit shifting on performance of subsidiaries of multinational corporations in Baltic countries
Authors: Kundelis Egidijus , Legenzova Renata
Published: July 2019

Research background: The problem of base erosion and profit shifting by multi-national corporations has been debated from different perspectives because of its multiple impact on the key actors in the economy. Studies refer to its positive impact on companies via corporate taxes saved, but its negative impact on governments via reduced tax collection. A number of empirical studies conducted in different countries support the substantial BEPS impact on company performance, but report differences in its magnitude. Other authors claim that, despite a wide range of tax avoidance opportunities available, tax avoidance is limited due to institutional measures imposed (tax audits, penalties for non-compliance) and high implementation costs. A majority of the previous empirical research covered large countries (USA, Germany) or regions (e.g. Europe), but there is a gap in the re-search assessing the BEPS impact on multinational corporations? subsidiaries? performance in countries with lower corporate income tax rates such as the Baltic countries.
Purpose of the article: To assess the impact of base erosion and profit shifting on multinational corporations? subsidiaries? performance in the Baltic countries.
Methods: Empirical research is conducted based on the framework employed by Hines and Rice (1994) to measure BEPS impact on company performance. Regression analysis with fixed effects was applied to a sample of 3,422 Latvian, Lithuanian and Estonian subsidiaries of multinational corporations, which are characterized by low corporate tax rates.  The data for the period of 2007?2015 was retrieved from the Amadeus database.
Findings & Value added: The research revealed that Baltic countries? tax differentials between multinational corporations? parent and subsidiary countries might have a significant impact on the subsidiary?s financial performance. When the tax rate differences between Baltic and the foreign countries decrease by 1%, reported profits in Baltic countries increase by 2.3%, indicating profit-shifting behaviour. This is in line with the empirical literature and practices applied by multinational corporations. It is also in favour of anti-tax avoidance measures introduced by the EC to be adopted by Baltic and other EU countries.
The importance of oral hygiene in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Buković Ema , Kurtović Biljana
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) represent a major
public health problem. Inadequate oral hygiene in intensive care units has been recognized as a critical issue for the occurrence of one of these infections – ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Although literature suggests diverse oral care measures for ICU patients, the effectiveness of each is still a subject for further trials.

Aim. The purpose of this paper is to determine the association between diverse oral care measures and the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia.

Methods. A systematic review of literature in the PubMed database that evaluates the performance of diverse oral care measures and their impact
in reducing the incidence of VAP. The keywords used as search terms were: oral hygiene, ventilator-associated pneumonia, intensive care unit and nursing.

Results. Four articles in total were taken into consideration in accordance with the availability of full-text articles and years of publication between 2009 and 2019. Performance results of diverse oral care measures haven’t shown statistically significant differences, but the implementation of oral care as a preventive measure against VAP showed a significant role in lower incidence rates.

Conclusion. The results of the systematic literature review confirmed the importance of oral care in lowering the incidence rate of VAP. However, significant differences have been noted between the efficiency of diverse oral care measures and the incidence rate of VAP.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Harga Saham Dengan CSR Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi
Authors: Erviana P. W. Cornelia , Lako Andreas
Published: July 2019

This study analyzes the effect of financial performance and firm value on stock price performance with corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance as a moderating variable. This research is important because before investing investors will do the valuation in advance, this is in line with the theory of valuation which states that the valuation is done on assets invested, where the assets invested can be in the form of real assets and financial assets (Manurung, 2011). Financial assets in this case are stocks. Assessment of stock price movements in a stock exchange is influenced by several factors, both internal and external factors (Lako, 2004). The main focus in this research is on internal factors of company especially financial performance (QR, DAR, ROA, and TATO), and firm value (PBV). Stock price performance is proxied with stock return and CSR performance is proxied with CSR cost ratio.

By using sample of manufacturing company listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2010-2015, this research obtained result indicate that (1) TATO and ROA have a significant positive effect to stock return, (2) DAR and QR have positive and not significant On stock returns, (3) the value of companies proxied by PBV has a negative and insignificant effect on stock returns. While the influence of CSR performance as a moderating variable can only moderate the TATO relationship to stock returns.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh kinerja keuangan dan nilai perusahaan terhadap kinerja harga saham dengan kinerja corporate social responsibility (CSR) sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena sebelum berinvestasi investor akan melakukan valuasi terlebih dahulu,hal ini sejalan dengan teori valuasi yang menyatakan bahwa valuasi dilakukan atas asset yang diinvestasikan, dimana aset yang diinvestasikan bisa berupa aset riil dan aset finansial (Manurung,2011). Aset finansial dalam hal ini adalah saham.Penilaian pergerakan harga saham di suatu bursa efek dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, baik faktor internal maupun eksternal (Lako, 2004). Fokus utama dalam penelitian ini adalah pada faktor internal perusahaan khususnya kinerja keuangan (QR, DAR, ROA, dan TATO), dan nilai perusahaan (PBV). Kinerja harga saham diproksikan dengan return saham dan kinerja CSR diproksikan dengan rasio biaya CSR.

Dengan menggunakan sampel perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama 2010-2015, penelitian ini memperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan bahwa (1) TATO dan ROA berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap return saham, (2) DAR dan QR berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap return saham, (3) nilai perusahaan yang diproksikan dengan PBV berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap return saham. Sedangkan pengaruh kinerja CSR sebagai variabel pemoderasi hanya mampu memoderasi hubungan TATO terhadap return saham
Impact of Flexicurity Policies on the Romanian Labor Market
Authors: Grigorescu Adriana , Niculescu Diaconu Arina Mihaela
Published: July 2019

Along with joining the EU and with the desire to be compatible with the European labor market, flexicurity begins to penetrate gradually the Romanian labor market, becoming a topical concept, an economic and social recovery tool. In the simplest possible way, flexicurity can be defined as the compromise between flexibility and work safety. The flexicurity principle was born as a solution to the European dilemma: how to increase the competitiveness of European enterprises in global competition without sacrificing the European social model.

Although a gradual passage is attempted, the tradition of a profession inherited from one generation to another or a stable job still exists in the human resource mentality, but it no longer exists in the present society. The concept of flexicurity is relatively new, introduced in Europe in 2006, when the principles of flexicurity were developed, but they were implemented according to the economic specificity of each EU member state.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects that EU accession has had on the Romanian labor market and the subsequent steps to harmonize Romania with the European Union requirements from the point of view of human resources management, flexicurity at the labor market.

In Romania, the flexicurity balance is balanced, in the sense that the trade unions support a broader level of security, and the employers tend to a greater degree of flexibility.

In conclusion, the Romanian labor market to develop a high degree of flexicurity must aim at increasing employment and reducing long-term unemployment, promoting workplace security and reducing the rigidity of labor law, especially in case of voluntary dissolution of firms, or of collective redundancies. In addition, the flexibility of collective and individual work contracts is also sought.
INDIKATOR MAKROEKONOMI DAN PEMBANGUNAN KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Santoso Teguh , Kharisma Bayu
Published: July 2019

The high rate of inflation has the potential to increase poverty because it can reduce people's purchasing power, where if inflation rises significantly it can shift the people who are categorized as not poor, become vulnerable to poverty, almost poor and even poor. The aims of this study are to analyze the development of macroeconomic indicators, namely inflation and economic growth that are associated with poverty levels in the city of Bandung. The methodology used in this study is descriptive analysis and the ARMA (autoregressive moving average) model. The results showed that the high inflation in the city of Bandung compared to national and West Java inflation carries its own burden for the economy of the community, where purchasing power will decrease when inflation rises significantly and will have an impact on people's welfare. Inflation in the city of Bandung is often due to the price of food commodities (volatile food inflation). In addition, the high economic growth in the city of Bandung is not directly proportional to the decline in poverty levels. This shows that the quality of economic growth in the city of Bandung has problems that need attention. Therefore, local government in their efforts to encourage economic growth must prioritize poverty reduction and inequality.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PENGERAJIN PADA INDUSTRI KERAJINAN KULIT DI KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: Tungga Dangin I Gede Ari Bona , Marhaeni A.A.I.N.
Published: July 2019

The aims at this study are 1) to analyze the effect of labor, capital, technology and availability of raw materials on production, 2) the influence of labor, capital, technology, availability of raw materials and production on income and 3) the indirect influence of labor, capital, technology and availability of raw materials on income through the production of craftsmen in the leather craft industry. Sample size of this used is about 62 craftsmen in the leather craft. The results show that labor and capital have a positive and significant effect on the production of craftsmen in the leather craft. The firm that use modern technology has higher production than the firm that use traditional technology. The availability of smooth raw materials results in higher production than the substandard ones. Labor, capital and production have a positive and significant effect on the income of craftsmen in the leather craft industry. Using of modern technology generates higher income than traditional technology. The availability of raw materials that smoothly generates higher income than those that have less smooth. Production mediates partially the influence of labor capital, technology and availability of raw materials on the income of craftsmen in the leather craft industry.
Identifikasi dan pemetaan taman setra di Kota Denpasar berbasis teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG)
Authors: Sugianthara Anak Agung Gede , Sudarsana Anak Agung Gede Dalem , Sarwadana Sang Made
Published: July 2019

Identification and mapping of grave yard park in Denpasar City based on GIS technology. Bali as a garden island consists of several types of parks, one of which is Setra Park. In Bali there are 1,488 indigenous villages/pakraman. Each traditional village has at least one grave, and some have two to three graves. Thus in Bali it is estimated that there are more than 1500 graves, but until now there is no exact data on the number and extent of the graves in Bali, as well as those in the City of Denpasar. This study aims to identification and find out at once mapped Setra Park in the city of Denpasar, Bali as the first step to compile the data base of Taman Setra in Bali Province as one of the national assets of Unitary State of Republic of Indonesia which has architectural, functional, aesthetic, and socio-religious-magical. This study used the survey method with data retrieval technique with observation, interview, and questionnaire distribution to get primary data directly obtained in the field, as well as literature study to complete data or information not obtained in the field. As for mapping using GPS instruments (Global Positioning System) and QGIS software (Quantum Geography Information System). The collected data was followed by tabulation and then analyzed with Quickbird satellite image analysis in 2012 and QGIS 2010 to compile data base and at the same time making map of Taman Setra in Denpasar City. The result of this study shows that, all the parks in Denpasar have spatial layout based on mandala concept, namely: (1) Main mandala as head (ulu setra) in the form of Pura Prajapati building; (2) Madia mandala is a body (ragan setra) as a burial place corpse, arson, and pengabenan ceremony; (3) Nista mandala as foot (cokor/sor setra) area which functioned as garbage dump or rest of upakara. The total area varies from 0.07 to 8.90 Ha, with the land ownership status belonging to the respective village of pakraman, but only about 16.7% have been certified. The arrangement of the park is quite good and has multiple functions, as well as burial places, ceremonies, and other religious rituals also function as a park, a place to harvest rare plants, and at the same time have ecological functions as green open spaces are shady, comfortable, and interesting.
Inventarisasi, kunci identifikasi, pemetaan, dan rekomendasi pengelolaan jenis-jenis bambu di ecology park, pusat konservasi tumbuhan, kebun raya–LIPI, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Damayanto I Putu Gede P. , Mulyani Sri , Wahidah Baiq Farhatul
Published: July 2019

Inventory, identification key, mapping, and management recommendation of bamboo species in the ecology park, center for plant conservation, botanic gardens–LIPI, Bogor Regency, West Java. This study aimed to make an inventory of bamboo species to provide an identification key, a distribution map of those bamboos, as well as, a recommendation on bamboo management in the Ecology Park. The study was conducted in January-February 2019 using the exploration method, located in the Ecology Park, Center for Plant Conservation, Botanic Gardens, Campus of Cibinong Science Center–Botanic Gardens (CSC–BG), LIPI, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java. The bamboo herbarium specimens were made to determine the bamboo species found in the Ecology Park. The bamboo specimens were processed and deposited in the Herbarium Bogoriense (BO). The morphology characters of bamboo were described and to be used to determine the species and also to provide an identification key. The distribution map of bamboo in the Ecology Park created and it was overlapped with the existing map of the Ecology Park area. The bamboo management recommendation was made based on the data of bamboo inventory and mapping. The results showed that there are three species of bamboo from 40 clumps found in the Ecology Park, namely Bambusa vulgaris (bambu ampel), Gigantochloa apus (bambu tali), and G. pseudoarundinacea (bambu andong). These bamboos were alleged spontaneous collection and mostly distributed near the lake and along the road. An identification key to the species and a distribution map of bamboo species in the Ecology Park were presented. These bamboos play an important role in the Ecology Park to maintain water availability and to help to prevent a landslide. It is recommended that bamboo clumps in Ecology Park need to be tidied by making a fence and thinning of bamboo clumps needs to be done at least every 2 years. The management staff need to enrich the bamboo species in the Ecology Park, particularly ornamental and endemic bamboo of Indonesia, such as Schizostachyum brachycladum (bambu gading) and Dinochloa scandens (bambu cangkoreh), planted in accordance with the bioregion where the species come from.
PROPOSAL OF THE MODULE FOR EXPERIMENTAL WORKPLACE BASED ON PLATFORM INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Martin Visnovsky , Robert Rakay , Alena Galajdova , Dusan Simsik
Published: July 2019

Urgency of the research. New modern trends in the cable industrial communication and exchange of data focus on implementation of new communication standards, protocols and reduced costs. Communication in every automation systems is crucial. Functions of these systems is very important for the correct function of automation system.
Target setting. For designing sensor and actuator systems for automation and solving connection between different devices, developers solved this problem with standardized communication like technology IO-Link. This communication technology together with industrial bus create solution for modern communication with quantity of benefits like quick design and diagnostic, unified interface, cost and work reduction.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. To prepare this paper, we analyzed different solutions for communication between sensors and actuators, different control systems and mechanical solutions. We used knowledge from our previous experiments and choose optimal components and systems for our project.
Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. There are many different types of sensors, actuators, communication interfaces and industrial busses. This paper is insufficient to describe them all. That’s why we’ve only described those, which will be used.
The research objective. This article describe the design of a machining module for the FESTO FMS 500 Modular Laboratory System. This module will be physically implemented as part of the revitalization and modernization of the FMS 500 laboratory system at the Department of Automation, Control and Human-Machine Interactions.
The statement of basic materials. We follow the trends in industrial automation and the requirements of the 4th Industrial Revolution. This is reason why we use IO-Link technology in combination with Profinet bus for communication with sensors and actuators.
Conclusions. The main objective of this article is to approach the design of the Machining Module with Industry 4.0 elements for the Modular Production System FMS 500. This design describe the individual components which will be used. The functions and purpose of the module are also describe, as well as its functional capabilities in terms of diagnostics.
Küresel İklim Değişikliğinin Olumsuz Etkilerine Karşı Ümitvar Baklagiller olarak Mürdümük (Lathyrus sativus L.) ve Burçak (Vicia ervilia L.)’ın Önemi
Authors: ARSLAN Mehmet
Published: July 2019

Bu derlemenin amacı küresel iklim değişikliği tehdidi koşullarında,
gıda güvenliği açısından ümitvar bitkiler olan mürdümük ve burçak hakkında
bilgi vermektir. İklim değişikliği gıda kullanımı, gıdaya erişebilmek, gıdayı
işlemek ve gıda sistemindeki devamlılık gibi konuları kapsayan gıda güvenliğini
ciddi şekilde etkilemektedir. Çevre ve gıda güvenliğine olan ilginin artmasıyla
birlikte, ekstrem çevre ve iklim koşullarına adapte olabilecek umut veren
bitkilerin önemi her zamankinden daha da artmaktadır. Mürdümük (Lathyrus sativus) ve burçak (Vicia ervilia) iklim değişikliği ve gıda
güvenliğine karşı potansiyel alternatif olan iki ümitvar baklagillerdir. Her
iki bitki türü de kuraklık, tuzluluk ve sel baskını gibi ekstrem çevre
koşullarına toleranslıdır. Mürdümük kurak alanların ihmal edilmiş bitkisi
olarak bilinmekte ve cansız (abiyotik) stres faktörlerinin etkisi altında bile
iyi düzeyde ürün bitki verebilmektedir. Burçak ise kısa, gür ve çalı tipi
gelişme özelliği ile Akdeniz iklim kuşağında yem bitkisi olarak
değerlendirilmektedir.