bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in heteroleptic multiple-stranded metallosupramolecules
Authors: Tran Ngoc Minh , Yoo Hyojong
Published: July 2020

Recent advances in the development of heteroleptic multiple-stranded metallosupramolecules.
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, a pervasive flame retardant: critical perspective on its emissions into the environment and human toxicity
Authors: Maddela Naga Raju , Venkateswarlu Kadiyala , Megharaj Mallavarapu
Published: July 2020

Global production of organophosphate ester flame retardants (OPFRs) and non-target toxicity of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP).
Effect of replacement of antibiotics with thyme and celery seed mixture on the feed intake and digestion, ruminal fermentation, blood chemistry, and milk lactation of lactating Barki ewes
Authors: Khattab M. S. A. , Kholif A. E. , Abd El Tawab A. M. , Shaaban M. M. , Hadhoud F. I. , El-Fouly H. A. , Olafadehan O. A.
Published: July 2020

The study investigated the effect of in-feed administration of dried thyme leaf and celery seed mixture (at 1 : 1 w/w) compared with salinomycin ionophore on milk production and milk nutritive value of Barki ewes.
Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation of novel chroman derivatives
Authors: Matta Akanksha , Sharma Ajendra K. , Tomar Shilpi , Cao Pei , Kumar Sandeep , Balwani Sakshi , Ghosh Balaram , Prasad Ashok K. , Van der Eycken Erik V. , DePass Anthony L. , Wengel Jesper , Parmar Virinder S. , Len Christophe , Singh Brajendra K.
Published: July 2020

In an effort to develop potent anti-inflammatory agents, a series of novel chroman derivatives including acyclic amidochromans, chromanyl esters and chromanyl acrylates have been designed, synthesized and fully characterized.
Facile synthesis and enhanced microwave absorption properties of anthracite-based carbon/Ni3Fe/NiO ternary composites
Authors: Ren Hengdong , Ma Jialin , Zhou Jun , Shu Xiangfeng , Liu Zhenying , Liu Yin , Zhao Yan , Ge Tao , Min Fanfei , Kong Ling Bing
Published: July 2020

A low-frequency microwave absorber was synthesized by using a microwave radiation method.
Preparation of periodic mesoporous organosilica with large mesopores using silica colloidal crystals as templates
Authors: Muramoto Naho , Sugiyama Tomoaki , Matsuno Takamichi , Wada Hiroaki , Kuroda Kazuyuki , Shimojima Atsushi
Published: July 2020

Periodic mesoporous organosilicas with precisely controlled pore sizes (>10 nm) were prepared using silica colloidal crystals as a template.
Polyoxometalates encapsulated into hollow double-shelled nanospheres as amphiphilic nanoreactors for an effective oxidative desulfurization
Authors: Liu Huifang , Li Zhen , Dong Jing , Liu Dan , Liu Chengpeng , Chi Yingnan , Hu Changwen
Published: July 2020

Amphiphilic polyoxometalate (POM) nanoreactors have been successfully fabricated by encapsulating Keggin-type PMo12 into hollow mesoporous double-shelled SiO2@C nanospheres, which can effectively catalyze the oxidative desulfurization reaction.
Sensing and modulation of amyloid fibrils by photo-switchable organic dots
Authors: Uddin Aslam , Roy Bibhisan , Jose Gregor P. , Hossain Sk Saddam , Hazra Partha
Published: July 2020

Our study demonstrates that organic dots can be used for the imaging and early stage detection of amyloid fibril formation and the modulation of amyloid formation pathways.
A sustainable natural nanofibrous confinement strategy to obtain ultrafine Co3O4 nanocatalysts embedded in N-enriched carbon fibers for efficient biomass-derivative in situ hydrogenation
Authors: Zhou Shenghui , Qi Haisong
Published: July 2020

Ultrafine Co3O4 nanoparticle (ca. 1.57 nm) decorated N-enriched carbon nanofiber derived from bacterial cellulose was fabricated via a urea-assisted carbonation approach, followed by mild nitrate decomposition.
Direct laser writing of poly(phenylene vinylene) on poly(barrelene)
Authors: Tang Tang , Ahumada Guillermo , Bielawski Christopher W.
Published: July 2020

The ring-opening metathesis polymerization of barrelene (bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5,7-triene) is described and well-defined fluorescent patterns with micrometer dimensions were created by direct laser writing on films of poly(barrelene-co-norbornene).
Enhancing the thermally activated delayed fluorescence of nido-carborane-appended triarylboranes by steric modification of the phenylene linker
Authors: Sujith Surendran , Nam Eun Bi , Lee Junseong , Lee Sang Uck , Lee Min Hyung
Published: July 2020

The introduction of a methyl group into the 4-position of the phenylene linker of nido-carborane–triarylborane D–A dyads, i.e., at the ortho position to the nido-carborane cage, largely enhances their thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
A water-stable terbium metal–organic framework as a highly sensitive fluorescent sensor for nitrite
Authors: Min Hui , Han Zongsu , Wang Mengmeng , Li Yongjie , Zhou Tianze , Shi Wei , Cheng Peng
Published: July 2020

A terbium metal–organic framework was synthesized for highly sensitive nitrite detection. The mechanism of the quenching process was also studied in detail.
Enhancing the water splitting performance via decorating Co3O4 nanoarrays with ruthenium doping and phosphorization
Authors: Niu Jiaqi , Yang Jian , Channa Ali Imran , Ashalley Eric , Yang Jiachao , Jiang Jie , Li Handong , Ji Haining , Niu Xiaobin
Published: July 2020

CoRuPO/NF shows low overpotentials in HER and OER.
Oxygen reduction reaction on Pt-skin Pt3V(111) fuel cell cathode: a density functional theory study
Authors: Haile Asnake Sahele , Yohannes Weldegebriel , Mekonnen Yedilfana Setarge
Published: July 2020

Pt-non-precious transition metals (Pt-NPTMs) alloy electrocatalysts have gained considerable attention to develop cheaper and efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).
Systematic overview of soft materials as a novel frontier for MRI contrast agents
Authors: Gallo Enrico , Rosa Elisabetta , Diaferia Carlo , Rossi Filomena , Tesauro Diego , Accardo Antonella
Published: July 2020

Gd(iii)-nanostructurated Constrast Agents (CAs) for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be designed and developed by manipulating soft material, including fibers, hydrogels and nanogels, in the nanometer scale.
A review on tetracycline removal from aqueous systems by advanced treatment techniques
Authors: Gopal Geetha , Alex Sruthi Ann , Chandrasekaran N. , Mukherjee Amitava
Published: July 2020

Tetracycline occurrence and advanced treatment techniques.
Synthesis of bifunctional nanocatalyst from waste palm kernel shell and its application for biodiesel production
Authors: Abdullah Rose Fadzilah , Rashid Umer , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin , Ibrahim Mohd Lokman , Ngamcharussrivichai Chawalit , Azam Muhammad
Published: July 2020

The potential of bifunctional nanocatalysts obtained from waste palm kernel shell (PKS) was investigated for one-step transesterification–esterification under mild conditions.
Probing calcium solvation by XAS, MD and DFT calculations
Authors: Yang Feipeng , Liu Yi-Sheng , Feng Xuefei , Qian Kun , Kao Li Cheng , Ha Yang , Hahn Nathan T. , Seguin Trevor J. , Tsige Mesfin , Yang Wanli , Zavadil Kevin R. , Persson Kristin A. , Guo Jinghua
Published: July 2020

The solvation shell structures of Ca2+ in solutions are probed by calcium L-edge soft X-ray XAS and DFT/MD simulations.
Retraction: Graphene oxide/DNA-decorated electrode for the fabrication of microRNA biosensor
Authors: Sun Erlin , Wang Lining , Zhou Xiaodong , Ma Chengquan , Sun Yan , Lei Mingde , Lu Bingxin , Han Ruifa
Published: July 2020

Retraction of ‘Graphene oxide/DNA-decorated electrode for the fabrication of microRNA biosensor’ by Erlin Sun et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 69334–69338, DOI: 10.1039/C5RA12373A.
Interpretable molecular models for molybdenum disulfide and insight into selective peptide recognition
Authors: Liu Juan , Zeng Jin , Zhu Cheng , Miao Jianwei , Huang Yu , Heinz Hendrik
Published: July 2020

We introduce a cutting-edge force field for molybdenum disulfide and use it to uncover mechanisms of peptide recognition and design.
The precise editing of surface sites on a molecular-like gold catalyst for modulating regioselectivity
Authors: Li Shuohao , Chen Hongwei , Liu Xu , Liu Haoqi , Ma Jing , Zhu Yan
Published: July 2020

Editing surface motifs on gold cluster catalysts achieves high regioselectivity for the click reactions of azides and alkynes.
N- and O-arylation of pyridin-2-ones with diaryliodonium salts: base-dependent orthogonal selectivity under metal-free conditions
Authors: Kuriyama Masami , Hanazawa Natsumi , Abe Yusuke , Katagiri Kotone , Ono Shimpei , Yamamoto Kosuke , Onomura Osamu
Published: July 2020

The metal-free N- and O-arylation reactions of pyridin-2-ones with diaryliodonium salts were achieved on the basis of base-dependent chemoselectivity.
Rules for the design of aza-glycine stabilized triple-helical collagen peptides
Authors: Melton Samuel D. , Brackhahn Emily A. E. , Orlin Samuel J. , Jin Pengfei , Chenoweth David M.
Published: July 2020

Guidelines for incorporating aza-glycine residues in collagen peptides are presented, detailing their effects on triple-helical thermal stability.
Rational design of an “all-in-one” phototheranostic
Authors: Yang Zi-Shu , Yao Yuhang , Sedgwick Adam C. , Li Cuicui , Xia Ye , Wang Yan , Kang Lei , Su Hongmei , Wang Bing-Wu , Gao Song , Sessler Jonathan L. , Zhang Jun-Long
Published: July 2020

We report here porphodilactol derivatives and their corresponding metal complexes as “all-in-one” phototheranostics by controlling the relationship between intersystem crossing (ISC) and photothermal conversion efficiency following photoexcitation.
Conductive polyaniline doped with phytic acid as a binder and conductive additive for a commercial silicon anode with enhanced lithium storage properties
Authors: Zhang Chengkun , Chen Qiulin , Ai Xin , Li Xiaogang , Xie Qingshui , Cheng Yong , Kong Hufan , Xu Wanjie , Wang Laisen , Wang Ming-Sheng , Yang Hui , Peng Dong-Liang
Published: July 2020

3D conductive PANi hydrogel is synthesized through in situ polymerization and used as both binder and additive for commercial Si nanoparticles to enhance their electrochemical performance.
Activating VS2 basal planes for enhanced NRR electrocatalysis: the synergistic role of S-vacancies and B dopants
Authors: Li Qingqing , Guo Yali , Tian Ye , Liu Wuming , Chu Ke
Published: July 2020

The synergistic role of S-vacancies and B-dopants enables the effective activation of VS2 basal planes for achieving dramatically enhanced NRR activity.
Trimetal atoms confined in openly accessible nitrogen-doped carbon constructs for an efficient ORR
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Zang Wenjie , Xi Shibo , Kosari Mohammadreza , Pennycook Stephen J. , Zeng Hua Chun
Published: July 2020

Atomic confinement of three transition metals within a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix has been investigated for ORR. Because of its openly accessible catalytic sites and mutual promotion among the metals, the catalyst exhibits remarkable ORR activity and stability.
Long-range exciton diffusion in non-fullerene acceptors and coarse bulk heterojunctions enable highly efficient organic photovoltaics
Authors: Sajjad Muhammad T. , Ruseckas Arvydas , Jagadamma Lethy Krishnan , Zhang Yiwei , Samuel Ifor D. W.
Published: July 2020

Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements provide an accurate estimate of the three-dimensional exciton diffusion length in three ITICs based non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs).
Correction: High-loaded single Cu atoms decorated on N-doped graphene for boosting Fenton-like catalysis under neutral pH
Authors: Wu Qianyuan , Wang Jin , Wang Zhiwei , Xu Yalan , Xing Zhihui , Zhang Xinyang , Guan Yuntao , Liao Guangfu , Li Xinzheng
Published: July 2020

Correction for ‘High-loaded single Cu atoms decorated on N-doped graphene for boosting Fenton-like catalysis under neutral pH’ by Qianyuan Wu et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0ta04943c.
Three-dimensional scaffold-free microtissues engineered for cardiac repair
Authors: Patino-Guerrero Alejandra , Veldhuizen Jaimeson , Zhu Wuqiang , Migrino Raymond Q. , Nikkhah Mehdi
Published: July 2020

In this review article, we present the state-of-the-art approaches and recent advancements in the engineering of scaffold-free cardiac microtissues for myocardial repair.
Organic single-crystalline whispering-gallery mode microlasers with efficient optical gain activated via excited state intramolecular proton transfer luminogens
Authors: Wei Guo-Qing , Yu Yue , Zhuo Ming-Peng , Wang Xue-Dong , Liao Liang-Sheng
Published: July 2020

A whispering-gallery mode laser with a favored energy level system is achieved based on the single crystals of ESIPT-active organic dyes.
Rapid evolution of [WC] stars in the Magellanic Clouds
Authors: Hajduk Marcin
Published: July 2020

We obtained new spectra of fourteen Magellanic Cloud planetary nebulae with the South African Large Telescope to determine heating rates of their central stars and to verify evolutionary models of post-asymptotic giant branch stars. We compared new spectra with observations made in previous years. Five planetary nebulae showed an increase in excitation over time. Four of their central stars exhibit [WC] features in their spectra, including three new detections. This raises the total number of [WC] central stars of PNe in the Magellanic Clouds to ten. We compared determined heating rates of the four [WC] central stars with the He-burning post-asymptotic giant branch evolutionary tracks and the remaining star with the H-burning tracks. Determined heating rates are consistent with the evolutionary models for both H and He-burning post-asymptotic giant branch stars. The central stars of the PNe that show the fastest increase of excitation are also the most luminous in the sample. This indicates that [WC] central stars in the Magellanic Clouds evolve faster than H-burning central stars, and they originate from more massive progenitors.
A new method for estimating global coronal wave properties based on their interaction with solar coronal holes
Authors: Piantschitsch I. , Terradas J. , Temmer M.
Published: July 2020

Among the effects of interactions between global coronal waves (CWs) and coronal holes (CHs) is the formation of reflected and transmitted waves. Observations of such events provide us with measurements of different CW parameters, such as phase speed and intensity amplitudes. However, several of these parameters are provided with only intermediate observational quality, whereas other parameters, such as the phase speed of transmitted waves, can hardly be observed in general. We present a new method to estimate crucial CW parameters, such as density and phase speed of reflected as well as transmitted waves, Mach numbers and density values of the CH’s interior, by using analytical expressions in combination with the most basic and most accessible observational measurements available. The transmission and reflection coefficients were derived from linear theory and used to calculate estimations for phase speeds of incoming, reflected, and transmitted waves. The obtained analytical expressions were validated by performing numerical simulations of CWs interacting with CHs. This new method enables us to determine in a fast and straightforward way reliable CW and CH parameters from basic observational measurements which provides a powerful tool to better understand the observed interaction effects between CWs and CHs.
Spatial regularity of the young stellar population in the ring of NGC 6217
Authors: Gusev Alexander S. , Shimanovskaya Elena V.
Published: July 2020

The relative contribution of various physical processes to the spatial and temporal distribution of molecular clouds and star-forming regions in the disks of galaxies has not yet been the subject of extensive study. Investigating the spatial regularity in the distribution of the young stellar population in spiral and ring structures is a good test for studying this contribution. In this paper, we look at the photometric properties of the ring and spiral arms in the barred spiral galaxy NGC 6217 based on an analysis using GALEX ultraviolet, optical UBVRI, and Hα surface photometry data. The ring in the galaxy is located near the corotation area. We found evidence of spatial regularity in the distribution of the young stellar population along the galaxy ring. The characteristic scale of spacing is about 700 pc. At the same time, we did not find a similar regularity in the distribution of the young stellar population along the spiral arms of NGC 6217. The spatial regularity in the concentration of young stellar groupings along spiral arms is a quite rare phenomenon and it has never previously been seen in galactic rings.
Infall of galaxies onto groups
Authors: Santucho M. V. , Ceccarelli M. L. , Lambas D. G.
Published: July 2020

Context.The growth of the structure within the Universe manifests in the form of accretion flows of galaxies onto groups and clusters. Thus, the present-day properties of groups and their member galaxies are influenced by the characteristics of this continuous infall pattern. Several works both theoretical (in numerical simulations) and observational, have studied this process and provided useful steps for a better understanding of galaxy systems and their evolution.

Aims.We aim to explore the streaming flow of galaxies onto groups using observational peculiar velocity data. The effects of distance uncertainties are also analyzed, as well as the relation between the infall pattern and the group and environment properties.

Methods.This work deals with the analysis of peculiar velocity data and their projection in the direction of group centers, in order to determine the mean galaxy infall flow. We applied this analysis to the galaxies and groups extracted from the Cosmicflows–3 catalog. We also used mock catalogs derived from numerical simulations to explore the effects of distance uncertainties on the derivation of the galaxy velocity flow onto groups.

Results.We determine the infalling velocity field onto galaxy groups withcz< 0.033 using peculiar velocity data. We measured the mean infall velocity onto group samples of different mass ranges, and also explored the impact of the environment where the group resides. Far beyond the group virial radius, the surrounding large-scale galaxy overdensity may impose additional infalling streaming amplitudes in the range of 200−400 km s−1. Also, we find that groups in samples with a well-controlled galaxy density environment show an infalling velocity amplitude that increases with group mass, consistent with the predictions of the linear model. These results from observational data are in excellent agreement with those derived from the mock catalogs.
Leitbild für einen modernen Kinder- und
Jugendgesundheitsdienst (KJGD) in Deutschland: Stellungnahme des Fachausschusses
KJGD im BVÖGD
Authors: Ellsäßer Gabriele , Korebrits Claudia , Trost-Brinkhues Gabriele
Published: July 2020

Hintergrund Auf der Grundlage des neuen Leitbildes des
Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (91. Gesundheitsministerkonferenz 2018)
wurde in der Zukunftswerkstatt auf dem BVÖGD Kongress 2019 das Leitbild
für einen modernen Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitsdienst (KJGD)
abgeleitet. Ziel des Diskussionsprozesses war die Erörterung der
zentralen Frage, welche bisherigen und neuen Kernaufgaben sind vom KJGD in
seiner Funktion als Anwalt der Kinder und Jugendlichen und
„Kümmerer“ um ihre Gesundheit umzusetzen –
insbesondere in Anbetracht der stark sozial geprägten gesundheitlichen
Unterschiede.

Methodik Auf der Grundlage eines vorstrukturierten Bearbeitungsprozesses
zu 5 Themenfeldern mit Leitfragen wurden die künftigen Kernaufgaben des
KJGDs diskutiert und zusammengefasst. Des Weiteren wurde erarbeitet, welche
neuen Anforderungen auf den KJGD zukommen und wie diese bewältigt werden
können.

Ergebnisse Besondere Kernaufgaben: a) Beratung der kommunalen Strukturen
zu den Gesundheitsbedarfen der Kinder- und Jugendlichen und wie diesen
entsprochen werden kann auf der Grundlage der Datenanalyse (auch
sozialräumlich) der Schuleingangsuntersuchung; b) Moderation der
Netzwerkaufgaben und das Einbringen von Gesundheitsaspekten als
Querschnittsaufgabe in die kommunalen Strukturen; c) Unterstützung von
vulnerablen Gruppen mit speziellen gesundheitlichen und psychosozialen Bedarfen.
Besondere präventive Bereiche des KJGDs sind hier bspw. die Sprach- und
Entwicklungsförderung und der Gesundheitsschutz. d) Begutachtung und
Beratung – und dies „frei von kommerziellen
Eigeninteressen“; e) Vernetzung mit Wissenschaft und Forschung.
Professionen, die im KJGD benötigt werden: Fachärzte,
Gesundheitsplaner (Unterstützung bei der Datenauswertung),
Sozialpädagogen (zur individuellen Beratung, aber auch für eine
gezielte Projektarbeit), Gesundheitsfachberufe wie
(Familien)-Kinderkrankenschwestern/Familienhebammen, Kinder- und
Jugendpsychiater und Psychologen (um der Zunahme an psychosomatischen und
psychischen Erkrankungen gerecht zu werden).

Schlussfolgerung Die bisherigen und neuen Kernaufgaben stellen an den
KJGD große Herausforderungen sowohl in fachlicher als auch personeller
Hinsicht. Diese Herausforderungen sind nicht nur durch ein neues Leitbild zu
bewältigen, sondern auch durch eine breitgefächerte
Stärkung des KJGDs. Hierzu gehört die Verankerung der Aufgaben
in den verschiedenen Gesetzen auf Bundes- und Landesebene.
Feasibility of Speedboat RS2 with bipolar radiofrequency energy for peroral endoscopic myotomy in patients with achalasia (with video)
Authors: Patil Gaurav , Dalal Anki , Maydeo Amit P.
Published: July 2020

Background During peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), use of traditional instruments leads to an increase in overall time of procedure due to constant exchange of instruments. Speedboat-RS2 (Creo-Medical, UK) is a novel device which has shown promising results for endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastrointestinal lesions, but its feasibility, and safety for POEM is unexplored.

Methods Data from patients who had undergone POEM for achalasia cardia utilizing Speedboat-RS2 was reviewed.

Results Two patients with mean age of 46 years and mean symptom duration of 3 years were included. Both patients had type II achalasia diagnosed on esophageal manometry. One patient underwent anterior myotomy and the other posterior approach. Submucosal tunneling (~15 cm) was achieved in a mean of 20 minutes, myotomy (~ 9 cm) in 8 minutes and the entire procedure was completed in a mean of 30 minutes with 100 % technical success. Both patients were discharged the day after the procedure without any immediate adverse events. At 6 weeks, endoscopy was uneventful and the patients were asymptomatic.

Conclusions Early experience shows that Speedboat-RS2 is feasible for performing POEM with good safety profile. Submucosal tunneling was relatively quick and coagulation was effective. Long term studies with a larger patient cohort are warranted.
Success of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and ERCP in symptomatic pancreatic duct stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: van Huijgevoort Nadine C.M. , Veld Joyce V. , Fockens Paul , Besselink Marc G. , Boermeester Marja A. , Arvanitakis Marianna , van Hooft Jeanin E.
Published: July 2020

Background and study aims Pain is the most frequent and dominant symptom of chronic pancreatitis. Currently, these patients are treated using a step-up approach, including analgesics and lifestyle adjustments, endoscopic, and eventually surgical treatment. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is indicated after failure of the first step in patients with symptomatic intraductal stones larger than 5 mm in the head or body of the pancreas. To assess the complete ductal clearance rate and pain relief after ESWL in patients with symptomatic chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct stones, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed.

Patients and methods A systematic literature search from January 2000 to December 2018 was performed in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for studies on ductal clearance rate of ESWL in patients with symptomatic chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct stones.

Results After screening 486 studies, 22 studies with 3868 patients with chronic pancreatitis undergoing ESWL for pancreatic duct stones were included. The pooled proportion of patients with complete ductal clearance was 69.8 % (95 % CI 63.8–75.5). The pooled proportion of complete absence of pain during follow-up was 64.2 % (95 % CI 57.5–70.6). Complete stone fragmentation was 86.3 % (95 % CI 76.0–94.0). Post-procedural pancreatitis and cholangitis occurred in 4.0 % (95 % CI 2.5–5.8) and 0.5 % (95 % CI 0.2–0.9), respectively.

Conclusion Treatment with ESWL results in complete ductal clearance rate in a majority of patients, resulting in absence of pain during follow up in over half of patients with symptomatic chronic pancreatitis caused by obstructing pancreatic duct stones.
Utility and safety of balloon-assisted enteroscopy in patients with left ventricular assist devices: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Hasan Badar M. , McMahon Charles , Khalid Rumman A. , Colak Yasar , Mayorga Daniel C. , Elkafrawy Ahmed , Tandon Kanwarpreet , Shafiq Muhammad , Hussain Ishtiaq , Erim Tolga , Castro Fernando , Charles Roger , Chhabra Rajiv
Published: July 2020

Objective and study aims Patients with left-ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially from the small bowel, often necessitating evaluation with balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE). Our study aimed to assess the periprocedural safety and utility of BAE for gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with LVADs.

Patients and methods This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of adults with LVADs who underwent BAE between January 2007 to December 2018.

Results Thirty-four patients underwent a total of 46 BAEs (9 were single-balloon enteroscopies [SBEs] and 37 were double-balloon enteroscopies [DBEs]). Mean age of patients was 66.4 ± 8.3 years. Patients tolerated anesthesia well, without complications. There were no complications from the BAE itself. One patient required repeat BAE due to a progressive drop in hemoglobin and another patient developed paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. One patient died within 72 hours of the procedure due to worsening of LVAD thrombosis. Diagnostic yields were 69.6 % for all procedures, 73.0 % for DBE and 55.6 % for SBE (P = 0.309). Therapeutic yields were 67.4 % overall: 73.0 % for DBE and 44.4 % for SBE (P = 0.102). In those that presented with overt gastrointestinal bleeding, DBE had a higher diagnostic yield compared to SBE (84.2 % vs. 42.9 %; P = 0.057) and a significantly higher therapeutic yield (84.2 % vs. 28.6 %; p = 0.014).

Conclusions This is the largest multicenter study of patients with LVADs who underwent DBE. BAE appears to be a safe and useful modality for the evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding in these patients.
Management of delayed bleeding after endoscopic mucosal resection of large colorectal polyps: a retrospective multi-center cohort study
Authors: van der Star Simone , Moons Leon M.G. , ter Borg Frank , van Bergeijk Jeroen D. , Geesing Joost M.J. , Groen John N. , Ouwehand Renske J. , Vleggaar Frank P. , de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel Wouter H. , Wolfhagen Frank H.J. , Schwartz Matthijs P. , Didden Paul
Published: July 2020

Background and study aims Delayed bleeding (DB) is the most frequent major adverse event after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs). Evidence-based guidelines for management of DB are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of patients with DB and to determine factors associated with hemostatic therapy.

Patients and methods Patients with DB were identified by analyzing all consecutive EMR procedures for LNPCPs (≥ 2 cm) from one academic center (2012–2017) and seven regional hospitals (2015–2017). DB was defined as any postprocedural bleeding necessitating emergency department presentation, hospitalization or reintervention. Outcome of DB was assessed for three clinical scenarios: continued bleeding (CB), spontaneous resolution without recurrent bleeding during 24 hours observation (SR), and recurrent bleeding (RB). Variables associated with hemostatic therapy were analyzed using logistic regression.

Results DB occurred after 42/542 (7.7 %) EMR procedures and re-colonoscopy was performed in 30 patients (72 %). Re-colonoscopy and hemostatic therapy rates were 92 % and 75 % for CB (n = 24), 25 % and 8 % for SR (n = 12), and 83 % and 67 % for RB (n = 6), respectively. Frequent hematochezia (≥ hourly) was the only factor significantly associated with hemostatic therapy (RR 2.23, p = 0.01). Re-bleeding after endoscopic hemostatic therapy occurred in 3/22 (13.6 %) patients.

Conclusion Ongoing or recurrent hematochezia is associated with a high rate of hemostatic therapy, warranting re-colonoscopy in these patients. A conservative approach is justified when bleeding spontaneously settles, and without recurrent hematochezia during 24 hours observation patients can be safely discharged without endoscopic re-examination.
Cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided laser dissection and ablation for pancreas and biliary strictures and neoplasia
Authors: Han Samuel , Shah Raj J.
Published: July 2020

Background and study aims Cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided laser dissection or ablation (CPL) is a novel therapeutic modality for refractory benign strictures. Our aim was to describe the safety and efficacy of CPL for pancreaticobiliary disorders.

Patients and methods Patients who underwent CPL using holmium or thulium laser between February 2017 and September 2019 were included. For stricture dissection, gentle strokes of the laser fiber from a distal to proximal approach were applied until luminal patency permitted advancement of the cholangiopancreatoscope. Immediate technical success was defined as ability to traverse the stricture with the cholangiopancreatoscope after CPL. Short-term technical success was defined as > 90 % resolution of the stricture on follow-up pancreatogram.

Results Eleven patients underwent a mean of 3.6 ERCPs (mean total diameter of 14.2 Fr of stenting) prior to CPL. Indications included pancreatic duct stricture (n = 8), pancreaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture (n = 1), bile duct stricture (n = 1) and pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm ablation (n = 1). Immediate technical success was 94.1 % and short-term technical success rates was 88.2 %. At a mean follow-up of 12.1 months, there have been no stricture recurrences.

Conclusions CPL may be an effective therapy for strictures refractory to conventional dilation and multiple stenting.
Contact-Tracing-Apps als unterstützende Maßnahme bei
der Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung von COVID-19
Authors: Jahnel Tina , Kernebeck Sven , Böbel Simone , Buchner Benedikt , Grill Eva , Hinck Sebastian , Ranisch Robert , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Schüz Benjamin , Starke Dagmar , Wienert Julian , Zeeb Hajo , Gerhardus Ansgar
Published: July 2020

Die Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung ist derzeit eine der wirksamsten
Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der COVID-19 Pandemie. Digitales
Contact Tracing mittels Smartphones scheint eine sinnvolle zusätzliche
Maßnahme zur manuellen Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung zu sein, um
Personen zu identifizieren, die nicht bekannt oder nicht erinnerlich sind und um
den zeitlichen Verzug beim Melden eines Infektionsfalles und beim
Benachrichtigen von Kontaktpersonen so gering wie möglich zu halten.
Obwohl erste Modellierungsstudien eine positive Wirkung in Bezug auf eine
zeitnahe Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung nahelegen, gibt es bislang keine
empirisch belastbaren Daten, weder zum bevölkerungsweiten Nutzen noch
zum potenziellen Schaden von Contact-Tracing-Apps. Die Beurteilung der
Zweckerfüllung und eine wissenschaftliche interdisziplinäre
Begleitforschung sowohl zur Wirksamkeit, Risiken und Nebenwirkungen als auch zu
Implementierungsprozessen (z. B. Planung und Einbezug verschiedener
Beteiligter) sind wesentliche Bestandteile einer Nutzen-Risiko Bewertung. Dieser
Beitrag betrachtet daher den möglichen Public-Health-Nutzen sowie
technische, soziale, rechtliche und ethische Aspekte einer Contact-Tracing-App
zur Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie. Weiterhin
werden Bedingungen für eine möglichst breite Nutzung der App
aufgezeigt.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Mitragynine in Beagle Dogs
Authors: Maxwell Elizabeth A. , King Tamara I. , Kamble Shyam H. , Raju Kanumuri Siva Rama , Berthold Erin C. , León Francisco , Avery Bonnie A. , McMahon Lance R. , McCurdy Christopher R. , Sharma Abhisheak
Published: July 2020

Mitragynine is the most abundant psychoactive alkaloid derived from the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), a tropical plant indigenous to regions of Southeast Asia. Mitragynine displays a moderate affinity to opioid receptors, and kratom is often self-prescribed to treat pain and/or opioid addiction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetic properties of mitragynine in the dog. Single dose oral (5 mg/kg) and intravenous (0.1 mg/kg) pharmacokinetic studies of mitragynine were performed in female beagle dogs. The plasma concentrations of mitragynine were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer, and the pharmacokinetic properties were analyzed using non-compartmental analysis. Following intravenous administration, mitragynine showed a large volume of distribution (Vd, 6.3 ± 0.6 L/kg) and high clearance (Cl, 1.8 ± 0.4 L/h/kg). Following oral mitragynine dosing,
first peak plasma (Cmax, 278.0 ± 47.4 ng/mL) concentrations were observed within 0.5 h. A potent mu-opioid receptor agonist and active metabolite of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, was also observed with a Cmax of 31.5 ± 3.3 ng/mL and a Tmax of 1.7 ± 0.6 h in orally dosed dogs while its plasma concentrations were below the lower limit of quantification (1 ng/mL) for the intravenous study. The absolute oral bioavailability of mitragynine was 69.6%. Administration of mitragynine was well tolerated, although mild sedation and anxiolytic effects were observed. These results provide the first detailed pharmacokinetic information for mitragynine in a non-rodent species (the dog) and therefore also provide significant information for allometric scaling and dose predictions when designing clinical studies.
Clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound-guided through-the-needle microbiopsy in patients with pancreatic cysts
Authors: Kovacevic Bojan , Klausen Pia , Rift Charlotte Vestrup , Toxværd Anders , Grossjohann Hanne , Karstensen John Gásdal , Brink Lene , Hassan Hazem , Kalaitzakis Evangelos , Storkholm Jan , Hansen Carsten Palnæs , Hasselby Jane Preuss , Vilmann Peter
Published: July 2020

Background The limited data on the utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided through-the-needle biopsies (TTNBs) in patients with pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) originate mainly from retrospective studies. Our aim was to determine the clinical impact of TTNBs, their added diagnostic value, and the adverse event rate in a prospective setting.

Methods This was a prospective, single-center, open-label controlled study. Between February 2018 and August 2019, consecutive patients presenting with a PCL of 15 mm or more and referred for EUS were included. Primary outcome was a change in clinical management of PCLs following TTNB compared with cross-sectional imaging and cytology. Adverse events were defined according to the ASGE lexicon.

Results 101 patients were included. TTNBs led to a change in clinical management in 11.9 % of cases (n = 12). Of these, 10 had serous cysts and surveillance was discontinued, while one of the remaining two cases underwent surgery following diagnosis of a mucinous cystic neoplasm. The diagnostic yield of TTNBs for a specific cyst diagnosis was higher compared with FNA cytology (69.3 % vs. 20.8 %, respectively; P < 0.001). The adverse event rate was 9.9 % (n = 10; 95 % confidence interval 5.4 % – 17.3 %), with the most common event being acute pancreatitis (n = 9). Four of the observed adverse events were severe, including one fatal outcome.

Conclusions TTNBs resulted in a change of clinical management in about one in every 10 patients; however, the associated adverse event risk was substantial. Further studies are warranted to elucidate in which subgroups of patients the clinical benefit outweighs the risks.
The Effects of Delayed Cord Clamping on 12-Month Brain Myelin Content and Neurodevelopment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mercer Judith S. , Erickson-Owens Debra A. , Deoni Sean C.L. , Dean III Douglas C. , Tucker Richard , Parker Ashley B. , Joelson Sarah , Mercer Emily N. , Collins Jennifer , Padbury James F.
Published: July 2020

Objective This study aimed to determine if delayed cord clamping (DCC) affected brain myelin water volume fraction (VFm) and neurodevelopment in term infants.

Study Design This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial of healthy pregnant women with term singleton fetuses randomized at birth to either immediate cord clamping (ICC) (≤ 20 seconds) or DCC (≥ 5 minutes). Follow-up at 12 months of age consisted of blood work for serum iron indices and lead levels, a nonsedated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed within the week by neurodevelopmental testing.

Results At birth, 73 women were randomized into one of two groups: ICC (the usual practice) or DCC (the intervention). At 12 months, among 58 active participants, 41 (80%) had usable MRIs. There were no differences between the two groups on maternal or infant demographic variables. At 12 months, infants who had DCC had increased white matter brain growth in regions localized within the right and left internal capsules, the right parietal, occipital, and prefrontal cortex. Gender exerted no difference on any variables. Developmental testing (Mullen Scales of Early Learning, nonverbal, and verbal composite scores) was not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion At 12 months of age, infants who received DCC had greater myelin content in important brain regions involved in motor function, visual/spatial, and sensory processing. A placental transfusion at birth appeared to increase myelin content in the early developing brain.

Key Points
Protecting Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cheema Ritu , Partridge Elizabeth , Kair Laura R. , Kuhn-Riordon Kara M. , Silva Angelique I. , Bettinelli Maria E. , Chantry Caroline J. , Underwood Mark A. , Lakshminrusimha Satyan , Blumberg Dean
Published: July 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has impacted all patient populations including pregnant mothers. There is an incomplete understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and transmission potential at this time and the resultant anxiety has led to variable breastfeeding recommendations for suspected or confirmed mothers with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to the potential concern for transmission of infection from maternal respiratory secretions to the newborn, temporary separation of the maternal-baby dyad, allowing for expressed breast milk to be fed to the infant, was initially recommended but later revised to include breastfeeding by the American Academy of Pediatrics in contrast to international societies, which recommend direct breastfeeding. This separation can have negative health and emotional implications for both mother and baby. Only two publications have reported SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk but the role of breast milk as a vehicle of transmission of COVID-19 to the newborns still remains unclear and may indeed be providing protective antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection even in infected neonates. Other modes of transmission of infection to neonates from infected mothers or any care providers cannot be overemphasized. Symptomatic mothers on hydroxychloroquine can safely breastfeed and no adverse effects were reported in a baby treated with remdesivir in another drug trial. The excretion of sarilumab in human breast milk is unknown at this time. Hence, given the overall safety of breast milk and both short-term and long-term nutritional, immunological, and developmental advantages of breast milk to newborn, breast milk should not be withheld from baby. The setting of maternal care, severity of maternal infection and availability of resources can impact the decision of breastfeeding, the role of shared decision making on breastfeeding between mother and physician needs to be emphasized. We strongly recommend direct breastfeeding with appropriate hygiene precautions unless the maternal or neonatal health condition warrants separation of this dyad.

Key Points
Plastic Surgery in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Chi David , Chen Austin D. , Dorante Miguel I. , Lee Bernard T. , Sacks Justin M.
Published: July 2020

Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has swept the world in the last several months, causing massive disruption to existing social, economic, and health care systems. As with all medical fields, plastic and reconstructive surgery has been profoundly impacted across the entire spectrum of practice from academic medical centers to solo private practice. The decision to preserve vital life-saving equipment and cancel elective procedures to protect patients and medical staff has been extremely challenging on multiple levels. Frequent and inconsistent messaging disseminated by many voices on the national stage often conflicts and serves only to exacerbate an already difficult decision-making process.

Methods A survey of relevant COVID-19 literature is presented, and bioethical principles are utilized to generate guidelines for plastic surgeons in patient care through this pandemic.

Results A cohesive framework based upon core bioethical values is presented here to assist plastic surgeons in navigating this rapidly evolving global pandemic.

Conclusion Plastic surgeons around the world have been affected by COVID-19 and will adapt to continue serving their patients. The lessons learned in this present pandemic will undoubtedly prove useful in future challenges to come.
Thermal performance evaluation and enhancement of a parabolic trough collector
Authors: Chaabane Monia , Mhiri Hatem , Bournot Philippe
Published: July 2020

In this article, the effect of concentration technology on the thermal performance of a solar water heating system is investigated. A three-dimensional numerical simulation of a parabolic trough collector (PTC) is carried out using the commercial software ANSYS. The performance of a line-focus concentration system is compared to that of an integrated collector storage solar water heater. The PTC provides more useful heat but has higher nighttime thermal losses. It is proposed to reduce nighttime energy loss by insulating the PTC storage tank. The effects of the insulation coverage strategy and medium are discussed. Numerical results show that the thermal insulation material significantly influences heat transfer. Indeed, addition of glass wool reduces heat collection during the day and improves heat preservation at night, while adding an air-filled glass tube increases heat transfer during the day and reduces nighttime thermal losses. The effect of tank insulation coverage is also investigated. This solar system performs best when the upper half of the tank is insulated. The maximum water temperature is 360.5 K, the overall thermal loss coefficient is 9.38 W/m2 K, and the nighttime thermal loss coefficient is 6.2 W/m K. The optimum PTC configuration is one in which the upper half of the tank is insulated by a 0.01 m-thick layer of air that is held in place by glass. This optimized system provides 29% more useful heat, a lower overall heat loss coefficient of 14.9%, and a lower nighttime heat loss coefficient of 62% than the non-insulated-tank-based PTC.
Eco-green biodiesel production from domestic waste cooking oil by transesterification using LiOH into basic catalysts mixtures
Authors: Brito Gilberto Maia , Chicon Mariana Borsoi , Coelho Edumar Ramos C. , Faria Diêgo Nunes , Freitas Jair C. C.
Published: July 2020

Eco-green biodiesel is an alternative fuel produced by a sustainable methodology and using renewable sources as feedstock due to its green nature and lower emission of pollutants in comparison with conventional fuels. In this work, biodiesels were produced using an innovative source of catalysts, a mixture of metal hydroxides: lithium-sodium (LiOH + NaOH) or lithium-potassium (LiOH + KOH) due to the considerable increase in the consumption and disposal of Li-ion battery wastes (electronic residues) in recent years. Waste cooking oil samples from fast food chains and households were used as an oily raw feedstock without any prior treatment to produce eco-green biodiesel by a transesterification reaction at room temperature. The recycling process not only removes Li-ion battery wastes and oily contaminants from the environment but also enables the generation of a green power source. The presence of lithium as a catalyst for producing eco-green biodiesel was investigated in order to verify previously the possibility of using lithium recovered from waste Li-ion batteries present in electronic devices in general. As a result, nicely followed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, the biodiesel mean yield of 90% using 5 wt. % LiOH with 95 wt. % NaOH or KOH catalysts was obtained and considered to be relatively high considering the high resolution of this technique. Gas chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, density, and viscosity were the techniques performed to analyze the chemical structure and physical properties of the biodiesel (methyl esters) produced samples in the presence of a lithium catalyst.
Accurate localization method for subaperture stitching interferometry in aspherical optics metrology
Authors: Zhao Zhuo , Li Bing , Kang Xiaoqin , Lu Jiasheng , Wei Xiang , Liu Tongkun
Published: July 2020

Aspherical optics have superior performance in many applications. However, precision metrology for an aspherical surface is a key stage in its manufacture. Subaperture stitching interferometry (SSI) is one of the mainstream testing methods for aspherical metrology. In many cases, Annular Stitching Subaperture Interferometry (ASSI) is more suitable for components having rotational symmetry because, compared to SSI, the number of motion directions that need to be adjusted is less. Although motion only along the optical axis is of concern in ASSI, inaccurate localization for subapertures may also occur due to the machining error at the optical center of the optics under test and errors in Cat’s eye location, thereby leading to measurement errors. To overcome these problems, an accurate localization method for subaperture stitching is proposed. It is based on the maximum asphericity information between the reference spherical wavefront and the test aspherical surface. First, by using the test aspherical formula and theoretical spherical wavefront, we can calculate the minimum peak-to-valley (PV) value of maximum asphericity. The theoretical location of an optimal reference sphere, which corresponds to this value, can be obtained. Then, we perform a practical test, which starts at the initial zero position, and find an actual minimum PV value near its theoretical location. The difference between the theoretical location and the actual one is the compensation quantity. Finally, we execute ASSI measurement to aspherical optics. The location coordinate of each subaperture is compensated with the acquired quantity. Through the experiments, it can be concluded that the proposed method can improve the measurement accuracy of ASSI in terms of error elimination. The results produced by the new method are more desirable than those of the conventional one.