bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remarks of a Jagiellonian University Professor Concerning the Statues of Venus Seen in the Year 1845 in Italian Museums
Authors: Ostrowski Janusz A.
Published: October 2014

Michał Wiszniewski (1794-1865), professor of the Jagiellonian University, philosopher, psychologist, historian and historian of literature, visited Italy in 1845. Apart from academic activities, he was also for some time involved in politics, which resulted in his emigration to Italy in 1848, during the turbulent period of this year’s Revolutions. He died in Nice, which in 1860 was incorporated to France, and earlier had belonged to the Kingdom of Sardinia. He was buried in the capuchin church on the mount Cimies near Nice. During his stay in Italy in 1845 he visited monuments and museums, and made very detailed notes. Among others he wrote the first and also only Polish description of the rooms and collections of the Museo Borbonico (nowadays the Museo Archeologico Nazionale) in Naples. He devoted whole sections to the ancient sculptures of Aphrodite-Venus. He compared various statues of Venus: the Capitoline Venus, the Medici Venus and the crouching Venus by Doidalsas. One of the numerous Roman copies of this work is kept in the museum in Naples, together with the statue of Venus Kallipygos, discovered in Rome in the 16th century. The same museum possesses also the so-called Venus of Capua, discovered c. 1750 and reconstructed with certain degree of liberty in 1820 by the sculptor Augusto Brunelli, disciple of Antonio Canova. Brunelli supplemented the arms, parts of the nose and garments; moreover, he added the figure of Eros, which by now had been removed, but can be seen on the 19th century drawings. Wiszniewski saw and described the statue in this shape. During his stay in Sicily, in the museum of Syracuse he admired the statue of Venus discovered in 1804 by the archaeologist Saverio Landolino, and named after him. It is still one of the most important objects of this museum. His short impressions are the only Polish texts that describe the Greek sculptures representing Aphrodite, even if they are less well known than the Venus of Milo from Paris.
Who Owns, Who Decides and Why Not Us? The Debate on the Ownership of Archaeological Heritage
Authors: Kania Marta
Published: October 2014

In this very short article, two cases relating to the restitution of archaeological heritage will be presented. Political, ideological and moral issues will be deliberated alongside the problem of human rights and the recommendations of the UNESCO Conventions (1970; 1972). The first is the well-known and still unresolved discussion between the Greek government and representatives of the British Museum over the return of the ‘Elgin Marbles’. This debate, which has been ongoing for many years, has not yet to reach a satisfactory conclusion and the economic and political crisis that Greece has been experiencing over recent years has not aided the Greek case. The second is the probably lesser-known debate between the Peruvian government and representatives of Yale University in New Haven (USA) concerning the return of artifacts from the ‘Machu Picchu collection’, which were taken out of the Republic of Peru by the team of the American professor, Hiram Bingham, one hundred years ago. It is an unusual case, since the right to possession and access to national cultural heritage was eventually respected and the collection of exported artifacts returned.
Employment of Modern Geodesic Technology in the Analysis of the Józef Piłsudski Mound
Authors: Gawałkiewicz Rafał
Published: October 2014

The mounds in Kraków belong to the category of special works of engineering in Poland due to their structure, shape and purpose. They were constructed throughout the centuries of the existence of the Polish state thanks to a series of social initiatives as objects of religious cult, places where special events or people who contributed to the formation of Polish statehood were commemorated. Today, thanks to their remarkable position, towering over the city, they constitute a perfect overlook which offers a great panorama of Kraków and the adjacent regions. Despite the fact that these structures are subject to conservatory maintenance, they are susceptible to permanent deformations of geometry. To ensure the safety of these structures they should be periodically monitored by the geodesic service and scientific institutions. Due to their very delicate and peculiar structure, the mounds are particularly susceptible to the influence of changing atmospheric conditions. The latter repeatedly caused damage of the earth structure i.e. landslides. The influence of natural forces and human activity frequently caused considerable changes in the appearance of these structures. The form of the Józef Piłsudski Mound in Sowiniec deserves special attention as the greatest structure of this kind in Poland. The study familiarises the reader with the contemporary history of the mound seen through the eyes of a geodesist thanks to the presentation of contemporary cartographic research made during the last 30 years which are preserved in the archives of the Committee for the Maintenance of the Józef Piłsudski Mound and of the Municipal Centre of Geodesic and Cartographic Documentation in Kraków. Furthermore, the author presents in his article the results of a detailed analysis of its structure with reference to decorative structures. The analysis was conducted with the aid of the most recent geodesic technology furnished by Trimble and computer technology which facilitated the parametrisation of the geometry of the structure and a representation of its current state.
Practical barriers to achieving self-management of lymphoedema
Authors: Cooper Garry
Published: October 2014

Supporting patients in achieving the goal of self-management of their long-term condition is fraught with challenges. This support may begin with matters that can be addressed through education or training. However, some matters cannot be controlled, such as the impact of the ageing population. This article proposes and discusses some of the current factors that affect compression therapy and the overarching goal of self-management in this area of treatment.
A strategic perspective of management in the UAE
Authors: Kausar Rushdi Yusuf Ali , Kamal Asma
Published: October 2014

Management and strategy are important factors in any organisation’s success. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has vast oil and gas reserves and is also currently the hub for international trade and corporate business. Al Maliha Polyclinic, is a private multi-specialty primary care health centre with GP clinics, dental and eyecare services and investigational facilities. Its main objective is to provide a high standard of primary healthcare services to the population in a remote area in an efficient and economical manner. It’s income is sourced primarily by out-of-pocket financing by patients as well as insurance companies. and success depends on its reputation and the standard of the services it provides. Its future strategy is to sustain itself in the region with expansion in the form of a hospital to cater to the growing healthcare needs of the population. Migration of the population to urban areas could lead to a reduction in the patient population. Its strategy of offering incentives to employees as well as providing a high standard of care to the population in an economical, efficient manner locally should counteract these factors.
Recognising anorexia nervosa: approaches to treatment
Authors: O'Hara Caitlin B
Published: October 2014

This article discusses anorexia nervosa and common approaches to treatment of the condition. The mental health nurse's role in recognising the clinical features of anorexia nervosa will be explored in this introduction to screening and treatment.
Empathy in mental health nursing: learned, acquired or lost?
Authors: Kane Graham M , Snowden Austyn , Martin Colin R
Published: October 2014

Empathy is a key dimension within the philosophical architecture of everyday mental health nursing practice. Surprisingly, there have been few investigations on this important psychological domain in mental health practitioners. This investigation sought to determine the relationship between empathy and gender, length of service and area of work in mental health nurses (n = 124) in Scotland. A significant difference in gender was observed with females being more empathetic than males. No other significant differences were observed. The findings, implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.
Correcting the nasolabial folds using non-surgical cosmetic interventions
Authors: Collier Helena
Published: October 2014

Despite extensive research, the aesthetic practitioner's understanding of ‘smile lines’ remains incomplete. As the prominence of nasolabial folds may be perceived as a sign of ageing to the mid-face, this paper will explore their development and anatomy and provide a brief overview of the non-surgical treatment options available to rejuvenate this facial area
Management of tear trough complications post lower eyelid rejuvenation
Authors: Collier Helena
Published: October 2014

Non-surgical rejuvenation of the lower eyelid incorporating the correction of a tear trough deformity can be a treacherous procedure for the aesthetic practitioner. However, there are several benefits associated with injecting hyaluronic acid based dermal fillers in this area, such as immediate results and minimum downtime. Helena Collier discusses this treatment and its risks
Understanding the impact of inhaler technique on asthma and COPD
Authors: Hickey Steven
Published: October 2014

Ineffective inhaler technique is a common problem that can lead to poor disease management and an increase in the frequency of exacerbations. It is not always down to patients choosing to use inhalers in an inappropriate way, as evidence suggests health professionals are often found to be lacking in their ability to correctly teach inhaler technique. This article looks at the evidence regarding incorrect use of inhalers and the common themes associated with poor technique. It also provides a step-by-step guide on appropriate use of the more commonly prescribed inhalers.
Prescribing in patients with dysphagia
Authors: Stone Margaret
Published: October 2014

Patients with dysphagia can present a challenge to the prescriber, as they may not be able to swallow solid oral dosage forms. This article discusses drugs that can worsen a patient's swallow, the legal and clinical implications of altering dosage forms, and the recommended steps to take when prescribing drugs for a patient with dysphagia.
Knowledge and experiences of newly qualified prescribers in Ireland
Authors: Condell Ingrid , Faherty Sheila , Fitzpatrick Marva
Published: October 2014

Aim:

The aim of this study was to explore the knowledge and experiences of newly qualified prescribers in Ireland in their expanded role.

Methods:

The design was one of mixed methods utilizing a sequential exploratory strategy. The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase took a qualitative descriptive approach to explore the issues surrounding the introduction of prescribing. A unique data collection instrument in the form of a questionnaire was developed in the second phase which facilitated the collection of quantitative data, to explore and support the qualitative findings.

Results:

Prescribers have high levels of clinical experience and academic achievement and experienced increased levels of job satisfaction, autonomy, responsibility and accountability. Participants' engagement in continuing professional development was poor but prescribers were open to considering different methods of evaluation.
Trends in older people's perceptions of necessities and deprivation in Great Britain and Northern Ireland: what difference did a decade (or so) make?
Authors: Patsios Demi
Published: October 2014

This paper analyses trends in socially perceived necessities (SPNs), and in material and social deprivation among older people between 1999 (2002 in Northern Ireland) and 2012. Comparative analyses show not only that older people have reduced expectations of what are considered ‘necessities’, but also that they have lower rates of deprivation compared with older people a decade or so ago. Moreover, relative deprivation indices produce higher rates of deprivation among older people than absolute deprivation indices. A newly created deprivation index for older people raises only marginally the prevalence and incidence of deprivation among older people.
Análisis económico de la ruptura eficiente en vínculos matrimoniales ineficientes
Authors: Tito Añamuro John Alberto
Published: October 2014

Este trabajo estudia cuál es la estrategia de incentivos que necesitan dos personas para alcanzar las ventajas de una ruptura eficiente, partiendo de la hipótesis de que el vínculo matrimonial es, desde el mercado del matrimonio,ineficiente y, por tanto, genera en la relación y en el entorno familiar más perjuicios que beneficios.
Imaging in patients with chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Murguia-Favela Luis , Manson David
Published: October 2014

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by defects in any of the subunits of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase complex, required for proper phagocyte killing of bacteria and fungi. Most of the cases are X-linked, but autosomal recessive cases have also been identified. Patients suffer from recurrent, life-threatening infections and granulomatous inflammation of the skin, lymph nodes, lungs, liver, spleen, brain, and bones. CGD can be cured by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Imaging studies such as radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging play a key role in identifying the changes driven by both infection and dysregulated inflammation. These studies are critical for guiding management of this disorder. We present the most illustrative images from 7 patients with CGD.

Statement of novelty: Imaging studies are highly useful for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with CGD. We present images from children with CGD that manifested their disease in different organs and tissues, illustrating the typical location of infections and dysregulated inflammation in these types of patients.
Thermal, spectral, and surface properties of LED light-polymerized bulk fill resin composites
Authors: Pişkin Mehmet Burçin , Atalı Pınar Yılmaz , Figen Aysel Kantürk
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the thermal, spectral, and surface properties of four different bulk fill materials – SureFil SDR (SDR, Dentsplay DETREY), QuixFil (QF, Dentsplay DETREY), X-tra base (XB, Voco) X-tra fil (XF, Voco) – polymerized by light-emitting diode (LED). Resin matrix, filler type, size and amount, and photoinitiator types influence the degree of conversion. LED-cured bulk fill composites achieved sufficient polymerization. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed different patterns of surface roughness, depending on the composite material. Bulk fill materials showed surface characteristics similar to those of nanohybrid composites. Based on the thermal analysis results, glass transition (Tg) and initial degradation (Ti) temperatures changed depending on the bulk fill resin composites.
Optimal constructions for ID-based one-way-function key predistribution schemes
realizing specified communication graphs
Authors: Paterson Maura B. , Stinson Douglas R.
Published: October 2014

We study a method for key predistribution in a network of n users where pairwise keys are computed by hashing users' IDs along with secret information that has been (pre)distributed to the network users by a trusted entity. A communication graph G can be specified to indicate which pairs of users should be able to compute keys. We determine necessary and sufficient conditions for schemes of this type to be secure. We also consider the problem of minimizing the storage requirements of such a scheme;
we are interested in the total storage as well as the maximum storage required by any user. Minimizing the total storage is NP-hard, whereas minimizing the maximum storage required by a user can be computed in polynomial time.
Temperature effects in metal-clad semiconductor nanolasers
Authors: Gu Qing , Smalley Joseph S.T. , Shane Janelle , Bondarenko Olesya , Fainman Yeshaiahu
Published: October 2014

As the field of semiconductor nanolasers becomes mature in terms of both the miniaturization to the true sub-wavelength scale, and the realization of room temperature devices, the integrated treatment of multiple design aspects beyond pure electromagnetic consideration becomes necessary to further advance the field. In this review, we focus on one such design aspect: temperature effects in nanolasers. We summarize recent efforts in understanding the interplay of various temperature-dependent parameters, and study their effects on optical mode and emission characteristics. Building on this knowledge, nanolasers with improved thermal performance can be designed, and their performance evaluated. Although this review focuses on metal-clad semiconductor lasers because of their suitability for dense chip-scale integration, these thermal considerations also apply to the broader field of nanolasers.
The soluble copolymers of polyalkylthiophenes with different molar ratios of co-mers
Authors: Czerwiński Wojciech , Malinowski Rafał
Published: October 2014

Three novel soluble copolymers of poly(3-penthylthiophene) [P(3PT)] and poly(3-phosphate diethyl 3-thienylmethyl) [P(3FT)] of different molar ratios of co-mers (3:1, 1:1 and 1:3) have been chemically synthesised. The final copolymers were obtained by functionalisation of poly(3-penthylthiophene-co-3-bromomethylthiophene) [P(3PT-co-3BT)] copolymers, because P(3FT) monomer does not couple in position 2-5′ of the copolymers. The structure and physical-chemical properties of resulting polymer was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), visible and ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis), photoluminescence and direct current (DC) measurements. By changing the molar ratios of monomers during synthesis we can “tailor” the photoemission of resulting copolymers. The room temperature conductivity distinctly increases after doping by electrons’ acceptor. The polymers studied are good candidates for potential commercial applications.
Negotiating Dialectics in a Communication Activism Collaboration
Authors: Breede Deborah Cunningham
Published: October 2014

This collaborative communication activism project documents the founding and growth of the Eastern Carolina Coalition against Human Trafficking (ECCAHT), a grassroots, community activism, non-governmental organization dedicated to advocating against human trafficking. Now an effective educational and political resource in coastal South Carolina, since its founding, ECCAHT has sponsored dozens of training, educational, and student workshops; has campaigned extensively in the community for gender equity and violence cessation; and has successfully assisted in the passage of two major pieces of state legislation that increase penalties against human traffickers and provide victims' services funding. Employing observation and participation, interactive interviews, and document analysis, this narrative ethnography analyzes and discusses the processes, structures, challenges, and celebrations of ECCAHT. Relational dialectics is used as a framework within which to examine the often messy and always complex interpersonal relationships that constitute the networks of individuals involved in ECCAHT's founding, organization, and success, and the management of those relational dialectics is identified as a key ingredient to the organization's continued operations.
The Road to Rizong
Authors: Brummans Boris H. J. M.
Published: October 2014

This study describes how a small group of Buddhist monks and nuns in a remote monastery and nunnery in the Indian Himalayas interacted during and after a landslide. In so doing, it provides rare insight into an actual case of Buddhist mindful organizing in the face of natural disaster.
The Communicative Management of Emotional Display Expectations by In-Home Daycare Providers
Authors: Butler Jennifer A. , Modaff Daniel P.
Published: October 2014

This study responds to three gaps in the research regarding emotional labor: First, research has tended to privilege the structural forces influencing emotional labor while giving minimal attention to agency. Second, research on emotional labor has privileged work in traditional organizations, foregoing the possibility that owner-operators of small businesses (such as in-home daycare providers) experience the demands of emotional labor. Third, the emotional labor research has examined primarily short-term contexts. The current research reports the results of an interview-based study designed to explore how the participants in a long-term relational context (in-home daycare providers) communicatively manage the emotional display expectations of parents of children in their care. The themes that emerged from the data—structural strategies, interactional strategies, and individual strategies—represent communicative means that in-home daycare providers used to manage the emotional display expectations of parents. The study concludes by discussing the merit of considering the existence of and need to explore further emotional labor in nontraditional organizations such as owner-operated and in-home businesses.
Inhibitor‐3 ensures bipolar mitotic spindle attachment by limiting association of SDS22 with kinetochore‐bound protein phosphatase‐1
Authors: Eiteneuer Annika , Seiler Jonas , Weith Matthias , Beullens Monique , Lesage Bart , Krenn Veronica , Musacchio Andrea , Bollen Mathieu , Meyer Hemmo
Published: October 2014

Faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis is tightly regulated by opposing activities of Aurora B kinase and protein phosphatase‐1 (PP1). PP1 function at kinetochores has been linked to SDS22, but the exact localization of SDS22 and how it affects PP1 are controversial. Here, we confirm that SDS22 is required for PP1 activity, but show that SDS22 does not normally localize to kinetochores. Instead, SDS22 is kept in solution by formation of a ternary complex with PP1 and inhibitor‐3 (I3). Depletion of I3 does not affect the amount of PP1 at kinetochores but causes quantitative association of SDS22 with PP1 on KNL1 at the kinetochore. Such accumulation of SDS22 at kinetochores interferes with PP1 activity and inhibits Aurora B threonine‐232 dephosphorylation, which leads to increased Aurora B activity in metaphase and persistence in anaphase accompanied with segregation defects. We propose a model in which I3 regulates an SDS22‐mediated PP1 activation step in solution that precedes SDS22 dissociation and transfer of PP1 to kinetochores, and which is required for PP1 to efficiently antagonize Aurora B.
Free fatty acid receptor 2, a candidate target for type 1 diabetes, induces cell apoptosis through ERK signaling
Authors: Shi Guojun , Sun Chen , Gu Weiqiong , Yang Minglan , Zhang Xiaofang , Zhai Nan , Lu Yan , Zhang Zhijian , Shou Peishun , Zhang Zhiguo , Ning Guang
Published: October 2014

Recent reports have highlighted the roles of free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) in the regulation of metabolic and inflammatory processes. However, the potential function of FFAR2 in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unexplored. Our results indicated that the mRNA level ofFFAR2was upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of T1D patients. The humanFFAR2promoter regions were cloned, and luciferase reporter assays revealed that NFκB activation induced FFAR2 expression. Furthermore, we showed that FFAR2 activation by overexpression induced cell apoptosis through ERK signaling. Finally, treatment with the FFAR2 agonists acetate or phenylacetamide 1 attenuated the inflammatory response in multiple-low-dose streptozocin-induced diabetic mice, and improved the impaired glucose tolerance. These results indicate that FFAR2 may play a protective role by inducing apoptosis of infiltrated macrophage in the pancreas through its feedback upregulation and activation, thus, in turn, improving glucose homeostasis in diabetic mice. These findings highlight FFAR2 as a potential therapeutic target of T1D, representing a link between immune response and glucose homeostasis.
ANIMAL MODELS OF DISEASE: Feline hyperthyroidism: an animal model for toxic nodular goiter
Authors: Peterson Mark E
Published: October 2014

Since first discovered just 35 years ago, the incidence of spontaneous feline hyperthyroidism has increased dramatically to the extent that it is now one of the most common disorders seen in middle-aged to senior domestic cats. Hyperthyroid cat goiters contain single or multiple autonomously (i.e. TSH-independent) functioning and growing thyroid nodules. Thus, hyperthyroidism in cats is clinically and histologically similar to toxic nodular goiter in humans. The disease in cats is mechanistically different from Graves' disease, because neither the hyperfunction nor growth of these nodules depends on extrathyroidal circulating stimulators. The basic lesion appears to be an excessive intrinsic growth capacity of some thyroid cells, but iodine deficiency, other nutritional goitrogens, or environmental disruptors may play a role in the disease pathogenesis. Clinical features of feline toxic nodular goiter include one or more palpable thyroid nodules, together with signs of hyperthyroidism (e.g. weight loss despite an increased appetite). Diagnosis of feline hyperthyroidism is confirmed by finding the increased serum concentrations of thyroxine and triiodothyronine, undetectable serum TSH concentrations, or increased thyroid uptake of radioiodine. Thyroid scintigraphy demonstrates a heterogeneous pattern of increased radionuclide uptake, most commonly into both thyroid lobes. Treatment options for toxic nodular goiter in cats are similar to that used in humans and include surgical thyroidectomy, radioiodine, and antithyroid drugs. Most authorities agree that ablative therapy with radioiodine is the treatment of choice for most cats with toxic nodular goiter, because the animals are older, and the disease will never go into remission.
Ectopic Centromere Nucleation by CENP-A in Fission Yeast
Authors: Gonzalez Marlyn , He Haijin , Dong Qianhua , Sun Siyu , Li Fei
Published: October 2014

The centromere is a specific chromosomal locus that organizes the assembly of the kinetochore. It plays a fundamental role in accurate chromosome segregation. In most eukaryotic organisms, each chromosome contains a single centromere the position and function of which are epigenetically specified. Occasionally, centromeres form at ectopic loci, which can be detrimental to the cell. However, the mechanisms that protect the cell against ectopic centromeres (neocentromeres) remain poorly understood. Centromere protein-A (CENP-A), a centromere-specific histone 3 (H3) variant, is found in all centromeres and is indispensable for centromere function. Here we report that the overexpression of CENP-ACnp1 in fission yeast results in the assembly of CENP-ACnp1 at noncentromeric chromatin during mitosis and meiosis. The noncentromeric CENP-A preferentially assembles near heterochromatin and is capable of recruiting kinetochore components. Consistent with this, cells overexpressing CENP-ACnp1 exhibit severe chromosome missegregation and spindle microtubule disorganization. In addition, pulse induction of CENP-ACnp1 overexpression reveals that ectopic CENP-A chromatin can persist for multiple generations. Intriguingly, ectopic assembly of CENP-Acnp1 is suppressed by overexpression of histone H3 or H4. Finally, we demonstrate that deletion of the N-terminal domain of CENP-Acnp1 results in an increase in the number of ectopic CENP-A sites and provide evidence that the N-terminal domain of CENP-A prevents CENP-A assembly at ectopic loci via the ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. These studies expand our current understanding of how noncentromeric chromatin is protected from mistakenly assembling CENP-A.
Group Minds and the Case of Wikipedia
Authors: DeDeo Simon
Published: October 2014

Group-level cognitive states are widely observed in human social systems, but their discussion is often ruled out a priori in quantitative approaches. In this paper, we show how reference to the irreducible mental states and psychological dynamics of a group is necessary to make sense of large scale social phenomena. We introduce the problem of mental boundaries by reference to a classic problem in the evolution of cooperation. We then provide an explicit quantitative example drawn from ongoing work on cooperation and conflict among Wikipedia editors. We show the limitations of methodological individualism, and the substantial benefits that come from being able to refer to collective intentions and attributions of cognitive states of the form "what the group believes" and "what the group values".
Toward Complexity Measures for Systems Involving Human Computation
Authors: Crouser R. Jordan , Hescott Benjamin , Chang Remco
Published: October 2014

This paper introduces the Human Oracle Model as a method for characterizing and quantifying the use of human processing power as part of an algorithmic process. The utility of this model is demonstrated through a comparative algorithmic analysis of several well-known human computation systems, as well as the definition of a preliminary characterization of the space of human computation under this model. Through this research, we hope to gain insight about the challenges unique to human computation and direct the search for efficient human computation algorithms.
Inhibition of Pontine CaMKII Alleviates Sevoflurane-Induced Long-Term Memory Impairment in Rats
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: October 2014

General anesthesia-associated cognition impairment has been becoming one of the major issues derived from medical procedure, particularly when it was performed in younger patients. Our previous data noted that early exposure of sevoflurane impaired the adulthood spatial memory function in dose and time-dependent manner. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the key inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and functions through mediating Wnt signaling pathway. The pontine GABA takes a special part in keeping awakening. We in this study investigated the role of pontine GABA signaling pathway activation in sevoflurane anesthesia-related long-term cognition in infantile rats via intracranial microinjection of CaMKII inhibitor KN-93 into the pons under different minimum alveolar concentrations of seveflurane. Morris Water Maze (MWM) was used to detect the spatial memory changes after speculated interventions. The results showed that pontile inhibition of GABA-Wnt-CaMKII through blocking CaMKII substantially alleviated sevoflurane-induced long-term special memory, which demonstrated dose- and time-dependent association. These preliminary observations indicated that the pontile GABA signaling plays an essential role in sevoflurane-induced adulthood cognition impairment, and further evaluation is needed on the exact interaction among sevoflurane, GABA, glutamate, receptors, corresponding signaling mediators, and cognition alteration in the pontine region.
Análisis morfométrico para la discriminación de especies: el caso del complejo Megalobulimus leucostoma
Authors: Borda Victor , Ramirez Rina
Published: October 2014

La plasticidad de los caracteres conquiliológicos ha conllevado a diversas descripciones erróneas y a la acumulación de sinonimias lo cual ha dificultado la discriminación entre especies. El género de moluscos terrestres Megalobulimus es un ejemplo de esta problemática. Dentro de éste se encuentra Megalobulimus leucostoma (Sowerby, 1835), que presenta tres subespecies las cuales no se logran diferenciar correctamente a partir de sus descripciones originales. El presente estudio busca discriminar a las subespecies de Megalobulimus leucostoma a partir del análisis morfométrico y de distribución. Ambos análisis establecen diferencias sustanciales entre M. l. leucostoma y M. l. lacunosus que no soportarían el estatus de subespecie de esta última. Megalobulimus leucostoma weyrauchi se ubica dentro de la gran gama de variabilidad conquiliológica de M. l. leucostoma y sus datos de distribución lo ubican en simpatría con la misma por lo cual su estatus como subespecie no estaría soportado, y podría considerarse como parte de M. l. leucostoma.
Adiciones de angiospermas a la Flora del Perú procedentes de los bosques Andino Amazónicos del sur peruano
Authors: Huamantupa Isau , Vásquez Rodolfo , Foster Robin , Cuba Magaly , Calatayud Gloria
Published: October 2014

Se da a conocer 25 nuevos registros de angiospermas a la flora peruana, como resultado de diferentes exploraciones botánicas realizadas en el sur peruano, principalmente en los ámbitos de los departamentos de Cusco, Madre de Dios y Apurímac.
Primeros registros de Hysterothylacium pelagicum (Anisakidae) y Toxocara alienata (Toxocaridae) en el Perú
Authors: Gomez-Puerta Luis A.
Published: October 2014

Dos nematodos ascarididos son registrados para el Perú: Hysterothylacium pelagicum parasitando al pez perico o dorado (Coryphaena hippurus) colectado en un mercado de Lima y a Toxocara alienata encontrado en un pecarí de collar (Pecari tajacu) procedente de Iquitos. Así mismo, se realiza una descripción morfológica de los nematodos mencionados.
Primer registro del pulpo de profundidad Muusoctopus longibrachus (Cephalopoda: Octopoda) para el mar peruano
Authors: Cardoso Franz , Hochberg F. G.
Published: October 2014

El pulpo de profundidad Muusoctopus longibrachus (Ibañez et al. 2006) se registra por primera vez en el mar peruano. Dos ejemplares machos fueron capturados a 852 – 875 m de profundidad entre los 05°08’S y 09°18’S. Esta especie se le conocía sólo para Chile, en el presente trabajo se amplia su distribución norte hasta Perú.
Topological States in 1D Photonic Quasi-crystals
Authors: Vasconcelos M.S. , Albuquerque E.L.
Published: October 2014

We investigated theoretically the transmission spectra in one-dimensional photonic quasicrystals (1DPQ) made up from dielectric materials organized in accordance to a discrete varying electric permittivity profile that obeys an analogous of the quasiperiodic potential in the so-called Audry-André (AA) model, in order to modulate the refraction index. Our results show that due to the incommensurate dielectric distribution, the spectrum splits into a fractal set of pass- and forbidden-band structure. By studying the transmission spectra as a function of the modulation phase ϕ, we found boundary states lying within the gaps localized either on the left or on the right boundary of the system, characterizing the so-called topological states.
Regulation of “Biomaterials” and Medical Devices
Authors: Mueller E. , Kammula R. , Marlowe D.
Published: October 2014

On May 28, 1976, President Gerald R. Ford signed into law the Medical Device Amendments to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. The purpose of the Amendments is to ensure that medical devices are safe and effective, and properly labelled for their intended use. In order to accomplish this mandate, the Amendments provide the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with authority to regulate devices during most phases of their development, testing, and use. The FDA's approach to this regulation focuses heavily on both the pre- and post-market phases of a device's lifetime. During the pre-market phase, the FDA concentrates on providing a reasonable assurance that new devices are adequately evaluated for safety and effectiveness. Implicit in this assessment is the concept of balancing risk to benefit. If the benefits significantly outweigh the risks for the intended use, the device will most likely be approved for marketing in the United States. Since risk/benefit assessments for new technology involve considerable clinical judgment, the FDA utilizes expert panels composed of clinicians, engineers, toxicologists, and other experts familiar with the devices. These panels are often directed to review the data provided by the manufacturer to support claims for device safety and effectiveness. If the advisory panel believes the data support the manufacturer's claims, a recommendation for approval for marketing is made to the FDA. The Agency must ultimately decide whether the device is to receive approval for marketing.
Motion in Music—Motion in Painting
Authors: Jewanski Jörg
Published: October 2014

Although the life of German abstract filmmaker Oskar Fischinger (1900–1967) has been reconstructed and his films analyzed, little interest has been given to the relationship between his films and the music. This study asks several questions: What kind of music did Fischinger use? How did he use music? What were his principles in synchronizing music with forms and colors? How did he work with the score? What other ways of visualizing music did he think about? What conclusions can we draw from answering these questions? His films Komposition in Blau (1935), An Optical Poem (1937) and Motion Painting No. 1 (1947) are discussed in detail.
Organization of freight transportation in Ukraine in the reformation condtions
Authors: L. V. Martseniuk
Published: October 2014

Purpose. Each country of the former Soviet Union carries out railroad industry reformation according to different models depending on orienting points and the goals it establishes. All railway administrations have faced the problem of considerable reduction of freight and passenger transportation volumes, aging of main assets, lack of investments for their renovation. The purpose of the paper is the development of optimal management structure of freight cars in conditions of railway transport reformation. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis for research is a systematic analysis of problems of providing the competitiveness of the transport industry in the field of freight railway transportations, theoretical principles of economics in the production efficiency, market economics transformation and management of the national economy. Findings. The author has developed an improved mechanism for freight traffic management, which differs from the existing one by its adaptation to the conditions of industry being reformed and the organization of management companies. These companies together with the Ukrainian transport and logistics center centralize management of all freight cars of both domestic and foreign operating companies. Originality. Author presents the theoretical generalization and new solution of the scientific problem. It appears in the development of theoretical and methodological approaches to the management structure of the freight cars by operating companies in conditions of railway transport reforming through the management companies organization in Ukraine. The above mentioned companies will combine two types of activity – the commercial one and the cars repair of different property, it will reduce car turnover, stay time of rolling stock in the inoperative park and thereby improve the efficiency of freight transportations. Particularly, they will lease and have the right to dispose universal cars of domestic operating companies and special cars and trains - routes of domestic and foreign operating companies on a contractual basis. Practical value. The author has proposed directions of freight cars management. Their rational use will significantly improve the utilization rates of railway rolling stock and operating companies.
Elastic-friction side bearer for freight car bogie
Authors: G. Vaiciunas  , S. V. Мyaмlin  , A. A. Bosov  , V. YA. Panasenko  , I. V. Кlimenko  , YE. F. Fedorov
Published: October 2014

Purpose. One should clarify the issues concerning the wear reduction of details of freight car side bearers, costs reduction for the worn details reconstruction, improvement the dynamic characteristics of railway vehicles and the increase of their movement safety. Methodology. Wear-resistant elements of the side bearers are made in the form of removable metal-ceramic plates, entrenched on friction planes. Findings. During operation due to pollution, wear of friction surfaces and other causes the power characteristics of side bearer may significantly vary, which adversely affects the dynamic qualities of bogies, and as a result the train traffic safety. Therefore, the solution proposed by the authors concerning the operation improvement of elastic frictional side bearers by means of their modernization is an urgent one. Originality. The design of the bogie side bearer of freight car was improved. Friction wedge was set on the spring; its inclined surface interacts with a support inclined platform of a plate through the plate with the durable elements in the form of metal-ceramic inserts. Practical value. The use of wear-resistant elements in the form of interchangeable metal-ceramic inserts will reduce the wear of connection joints of bogie and a freight car frame, improve its dynamic qualities. It will also decrease the costs for restoration of worn side bearers by friction.
Rational recovery model of depot processing equipment at the industrial enterprise
Authors: Kapitsa M. I. , Hryshechkina T. S.
Published: October 2014

Purpose. The problem of the maximum resources recovery of rolling stock repair depot of industrial enterprise with limited resources consumption, which are used in the system is today’s topical question.The main factors that affect the repair depot operation of industrial enterprise are reviewed. The most significant factors, affecting the quality of the repair depot, are emphasized for further study, specifically - the state of the major repair equipment of a sector. There is a need to minimize the impact of the unsatisfactory state of this factor. Methodology. The formed task of major equipment rational repairing in the mathematical sense is based on the solution of a vector optimization problem. In this case the target functions are the monetary funds spending and time expenditure for repairing. Findings. The mathematical model of optimal equipment maintainability of the repair department at the industrial enterprise was developed by the authors. On the example the choice model of optimal path for equipment repairing of enterprise repair department is described. Originality. As a result of the conducted research the repairing system of major equipment of industrial enterprise sectors was improved. As the mathematical model of rational system recovery of industrial enterprise repair depot we recommend apparatus of class problems of vector optimization. Practical value. Using the proposed model of major equipment repair system of the repair depot at the industrial enterprise will improve the quality of the department by increasing the efficiency of primary resources - time and monetary funds - which are spent by the sector in order to repair its techniques.
Strategic management of transport cargo complex
Authors: Okorokov A. M.
Published: October 2014

Purpose. Making the qualitative administrative decisions defining strategy and tactics of transport cargo complexes development, and also its subsystems, is possible only in the presence of flexible optimization model. This model has to consider multiparametricity and multicriteriality of the given task, uncertainty and vagueness of input information, and also to provide process automation of searching the best parameters of the given production facility. The purpose of the research is to develop procedures for the strategic management of complex with view of the most important factors and their stochastic nature, which will execute the improvement of technical equipment of TCC. Methodology. The problem of strategic management is based on solving the complex of issues of the optimal number of shunting locomotives, optimal processing capability of handling the front and rational capacity of warehouses. The problem is solved on the basis of the proposed optimality criterion – the specific set of profit per unit of capital assets of freight industry. The listed problems are solved using simulation modeling of the freight industry. Findings. The use of developed procedure allows one to improve the technical equipment of the freight stations and complexes. Originality. For the first time it was developed the procedure of strategic management of development. This procedure allows taking into account the probabilistic nature of demand for services of transport freight complexes and technological processes of client services on the complex stations. The proposed procedure can be applied during when planning the investments in the creation of transport freight complexes. Practical value. Use as a basic tool of simulation models of complex cargo operation allows estimating the effectiveness of the capital investments, the level of operating costs, as well as the quality of meeting the demands of potential customers in transportations at the stage of transport cargo complex.
Analysis of deformed state structures of the kyiv metro running tunnels on a transition zone from spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sands
Authors: V. D. Petrenko  , V. T. Huzchenko  , O. L. Tiutkіn  , D. V. Tiutkіn
Published: October 2014

Purpose. In the section of changes geotechnical conditions of spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sands may have significant structural deformation of running tunnels. It is necessary to identify the cause of deformities develop ways to minimize and based modeling and calculations to prove the effectiveness of measures to reduce deformation.Methodology. To solve the analysis problem of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the system «structure array» it was conducted the numerical simulation using the finite element method (FEM). On the basis of the obtained results the graphs were constructed and the dependencies were determined. Findings. The presence of weak water-saturated soils in tray of the tunnel on an area of transition from spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sand causes significant increasing in strain construction of tunnels and general vibration liquefaction in soil basis. Also change the physical and mechanical characteristics of soils within the frames of tunnels influences on the level of strain state of most frames. Improved strain state settings of tunnels in areas of change soil characteristics of the array (especially at the bottom of casing) can be achieved by chemical consolidation of weak soils. Composition of solutions for fixing the weak soils should be determined based on the study of grain size, porosity, and other parameters of physical and mechanical and physical and chemical characteristics of soils.Originality.The basic cause significant strain on transition zone from spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sands is found, that is explained by saturated phenomenon vibration liquefaction basis under the tunnel.Practical value.The approaches to reduce the strain in the construction of running tunnels in the transition zone from spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sands are developed, as well as in the area ofthe station «Glybochytska»the Kyiv Metro.