bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Home-Drying Operation Effect on Moisture Content, Electric Energy Consumption, Ascorbic Acid, Total Polyphenol Content, and Color of Sliced “Fuji” Apples
Authors: Monsalves Jeanethe , Scheuermann Erick
Published: November 2023

A home dehydrator allows obtaining dried apples that are beneficial to human health, but its operations will affect the chemical and organoleptic quality of this fruit. In this study, the effect of the drying temperature and mass load of sliced fresh “Fuji” apples in a home dehydrator was evaluated with regard to moisture content, electric energy consumption, ascorbic acid, total polyphenol content, and color of the dried fruit. Fresh “Fuji” apples were cut to obtain a uniform slice with a thickness of 4 mm and diameter from 60 to 75 mm. A home dehydrator was operated at 50 and 70°C (nominal temperatures), with a total sliced apple load of 250 and 500 g, uniformly distributed in five trays. Drying was carried out for 7 hours, and every hour, the trays were rotated, changing their position from the top to the bottom. Only the middle tray was always kept in the same position. As result, the level of nominal temperature (50/70°C) was not reached for any of the trays, regardless of the mass load (250/500 g) in the home dehydrator. The temperature average for fruits dried in trays of the home dehydrator that were rotated (top and bottom) and kept in the same position (middle) did not differ (

p
>
0.05

) among them. At the end of drying, the apple treatment at 50°C/250 g, 50°C/500 g, 70°C/250 g, and 70°C/500 g reached 23.1, 26.2, 4.3, and 4.5% (w.b.), respectively. The drying conditions at nominal 50°C favored the quality of the dried sliced apples with regard to ascorbic acid and total polyphenol content; however, the treatment at nominal 70°C produced less variation in color with respect to the fresh fruit. The home dehydrator allowed obtaining sliced dried “Fuji” apples that adequately preserve the ascorbic acid, total polyphenol, and color with respect to the fresh fruit.
Hemorrhagic Outcome of Brainstem Cavernous Malformations following Radiosurgery: Dose-Response Relationship
Authors: Yao Bo-Han , Wang Liang , Liu Pan-Pan , Wu Ze-Yu , Zhang Li-Wei , Zhang Jun-Ting , Wu Zhen , Sun Shi-Bin , Li Da
Published: November 2023

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the impact of gamma knife radiosurgery on brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs). Methods: A total of 85 patients (35 females; median age 41.0 years) who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery for brainstem CMs at our institute between 2006 and 2015 were enrolled in a prospective clinical observation trial. Risk factors for hemorrhagic outcomes were evaluated, and outcomes were compared across different margin doses. Results: The pre-radiosurgery annual hemorrhage rate (AHR) was 32.3% (44 hemorrhages during 136.2 patient-years). The median planning target volume was 1.292 cc. The median margin and maximum doses were 15.0 and 29.2 Gy, respectively, with a median isodose line of 50.0%. The post-radiosurgery AHR was 2.7% (21 hemorrhages during 769.9 patient-years), with a rate of 5.5% within the first 2 years and 2.0% thereafter. The post-radiosurgery AHR for patients with margin doses of ≤13.0 Gy (n = 15), 14.0–15.0 Gy (n = 50), and ≥16.0 Gy (n = 20) was 5.4, 2.7, and 0.6%, respectively. Correspondingly, transient adverse radiation effects were observed in 6.7 (1/15), 10.0 (5/50), and 30.0% (6/20) of cases, respectively. An increased margin dose per 1 Gy (hazard ratio: 0.530, 95% CI: 0.341–0.826, p = 0.005) was identified as an independent protective factor against post-radiosurgery hemorrhage. Margin doses of ≥16.0 Gy were associated with improved hemorrhagic outcomes (hazard ratio: 0.343, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.157–0.749, p = 0.007), but an increased risk of adverse radiation effects (odds ratio: 3.006, 95% CI: 1.041–8.677, p = 0.042). Conclusion: The AHR of brainstem CMs decreased following radiosurgery, and our study revealed a significant dose-response relationship. Margin doses of 14–15 Gy were recommended. Further studies are required to validate our findings.
Vitamins for the Management of Nail Disease: A Literature Review
Authors: Curtis Kaya L. , Lipner Shari R.
Published: November 2023

Background: Vitamins have gained popularity among physicians and patients for purported benefits to hair, skin, and nail health. Safe and efficacious therapies for nail disorders, many of which are chronic conditions, are needed. Summary: We conducted a literature review of studies assessing the efficacy of oral, topical, and intralesional vitamin/vitamin derivatives for the treatment of nail disorders, including yellow nail syndrome, brittle nail syndrome, onychomycosis, habit-tic nail deformity, periungual/subungual verruca, and nail psoriasis. Forty-nine articles were reviewed. There is good evidence to support the use of topical tazarotene and vitamin D analogs for nail psoriasis treatment. We found overall limited evidence for treatment of other nail disorders with vitamin/vitamin derivatives, and further research is needed to support their use. Key Messages: Besides topical tazarotene and vitamin D analogs for nail psoriasis treatment, there is limited evidence for treatment of nail disorders with topical, oral, and intralesional vitamin/vitamin derivatives.
Complete Response to Donor Lymphocyte Infusion for Primary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Khanolkar Rutvij A. , Kuehne Nathan , Storek Jan
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyper-inflammatory disorder characterized by dysregulation of inflammatory cells and cytokine signaling. Although first-line treatment consisting of immunosuppressive therapy and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is often curative, it remains unknown whether any effective therapies exist for disease relapse/progression after HCT. Case Presentation: Here we present a case of a 29-year-old male with primary HLH who failed HLH-94 protocol and subsequently underwent myeloablative HCT. Disease relapse occurred at 9 months following HCT, and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) was initiated as salvage therapy. The patient subsequently achieved durable long-term disease-free survival following a DLI, without significant treatment-related complications. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this represents the first case demonstrating the efficacy of DLI for relapsed primary HLH.
The Potential of Protein Hydrolysate from Fisheries By-Products as Therapeutic Food for Energy-Protein Malnutrition in Children
Authors: Nurdiani Rahmi , Bahari Anita Nurmulya , Prihanto Asep Awaludin , Firdaus Muhamad
Published: November 2023

This article explores the possibility of protein hydrolysates obtained from fisheries by-products as a medicinal remedy for addressing energy-protein deficiency in children. Energy-protein malnutrition is a major global health problem, especially in areas with limited availability of varied and nourishing food options. The study centers on the sustainable exploitation of fisheries by-products to transform these underutilized resources into valuable, easily absorbed therapeutic foods. The research uses thorough nutritional analysis to evaluate the hydrolysates' protein composition, amino acid profile, and bioactive components. It emphasizes the potential of these hydrolysates to be used as effective nutritional therapies. The paper highlights the significance of considering both the nutritional effectiveness and sustainable acquisition of resources when devising strategies to address malnutrition. The research examines the bioavailability and digestibility of protein hydrolysates to determine their appropriateness for meeting the unique dietary requirements of malnourished children. This study adds to the ongoing discussion on creative and sustainable methods to address childhood malnutrition. It highlights the significance of using fishery by-products as a helpful resource in creating therapeutic foods. The results promote additional investigation and advancement of these protein hydrolysates to generate significant interventions worldwide to enhance infant nutrition.
The immature stages and female imago of Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) sirventorum Andersen & Mendes, 2012, a Neotropical member of the chalybeatus species group (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)
Authors: PINHO LUIZ CARLOS , ANDERSEN TROND
Published: November 2023

The female, larva and pupa of Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) sirventorum Andersen & Mendes, 2012, are described based on specimens collected in southern Brazil. The species is the sole described species of Rheocricotopus Brundin, 1956 from the Neotropical region. The subgeneric placement is confirmed, based on the morphology of the female, larva and pupa. The species belongs in the chalybeatus species group, and a key to the pupae of the group is presented.
Two new species of the genus Ologamasus (Ologamasidae) from apple orchards in southern Brazil
Authors: BIZARRO GABRIEL LIMA , RODE PRISCILA DE ANDRADE , SCHUSSLER MATHEUS , COSTA TAIRIS DA- , FERLA NOELI JUAREZ
Published: November 2023

This paper describes two new species of the genus Ologamasus (Acari: Ologamasidae), namely Ologamasus margaridae n. sp. and Ologamasus tuberculatus n. sp., based on females, males and nymphal stages collected in apple orchards (Malus domestica Borkh.) in southern Brazil. Ologamasus tuberculatus has a distinctive pair of large pores inserted on protuberances on the dorsal shield.
New genera, species and subspecies of tessaratomine true bugs(Heteroptera: Tessaratomidae, Tessaratominae)
Authors: MAGNIEN PHILIPPE
Published: November 2023

The genus Oukhypencha gen. nov. is described to accommodate Hypencha ophthalmica Stål, 1863, and three new species, O. clemenceae sp. nov., O. florenceae sp. nov., and O. stali sp. nov. A new subspecies, O. ophthalmica sumaterensis ssp. nov. is described from Sumatra. The genus Homoiacoris gen. nov. is created for a new species of tessaratomine true bug from Palawan Island in the Philippines, H. annemarieae sp. nov.. Habitus, male and female genitalia are illustrated. The general aspect of the new genera is similar to that of Hypencha Amyot & Serville, and the main diagnostic characters are found in the genitalia. Keys to genera of the sub-tribe Tessaratomina and species of Oukhypencha are given.
Catalog of the genus Choeromorpha Chevrolat, 1849 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) in the Philippines with description of a new species from Luzon Island
Authors: MEDINA MILTON NORMAN D. , VILLEGAS JHONNEL P. , BARSEVSKIS ARVIDS , VITALI FRANCESCO
Published: November 2023

This work presents the first catalog of the genus Choeromorpha Chevrolat, 1849 for the Philippines. A total of five species and one subspecies have been described from different faunal regions of the country. This paper proposes a new species, Choeromorpha (s. str.) luzonensis sp. nov. from Aurora Province, Luzon Island. Choeromorpha brunneomaculata (Breuning, 1935), described from Patadalu, (actually, in Indonesia, Sumba, Island) is removed from the Philippine fauna. Choeromorpha subviolacea Heller, 1923 is recorded from Luzon (Bicol: Masbate Province) for the first time.
Characterizing Spatial Structure in Climate Model Ensembles
Authors: Chandler Richard E. , Barnes Clair R. , Brierley Chris M.
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a methodology that is designed for rapid exploratory analysis of the outputs from ensembles of climate models, especially when these outputs consist of maps. The approach formalizes and extends the technique of “intermodel empirical orthogonal function” analysis, combining multivariate analysis of variance techniques with singular value decompositions (SVDs) of structured components of the ensemble data matrix. The SVDs yield spatial patterns associated with these components, which we call ensemble principal patterns (EPPs). A unique hierarchical partitioning of variation is obtained for balanced ensembles in which all combinations of factors, such as GCM and RCM pairs in a regional ensemble, appear with equal frequency: suggestions are also proposed to handle unbalanced ensembles without imputing missing values or discarding runs. Applications include the selection of ensemble members to propagate uncertainty into subsequent analyses, and the diagnosis of modes of variation associated with specific model variants or parameter perturbations. The approach is illustrated using outputs from the EuroCORDEX regional ensemble over the United Kingdom.
Touch, tact and swerve: Three new concepts for the doctoral process, inspired by Jean-Luc Nancy’s ontology
Authors: Hanley Christopher , Sant Edda
Published: November 2023

Doctoral study can be emotionally and psychologically challenging for students and supervisors. They can feel lost in the process, isolated and emotionally drained. It might be tempting for the supervisor to downplay such difficulties to protect the student. In this paper we argue that such challenges can be pedagogically developmental and ought to be acknowledged. This paper introduces three philosophical concepts: touch, tact and swerve. They are concerned with human intentionality in practical contexts and enable us to accomplish two things. Firstly, conceptualise the fluid, dynamic interplay of thoughts, emotions and psychological states in doctoral supervision; secondly, generate new tools for analysing the doctoral process. Our concepts are derived from Jean-Luc Nancy’s philosophy, particularly his influential text Corpus (1992/2008). Nancy’s work is contextualised by two of his key philosophical influences, Martin Heidegger and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Their ideas, especially towardness and de-severence (Heidegger) and de-centred sense (Merleau-Ponty) provide valuable context for the explanations of touch, tact and swerve. The authors conducted a piece of research into doctoral supervisors’ experiences. The data illustrate the emotional and psychological challenges of being a supervisor and our concepts enable us to theorise their pedagogic potential, demonstrating ‘real world’ impact.
Sustainability of Passion for Work? Change-Related Reciprocal Relationships Between Passion and Job Crafting
Authors: Zhang Xin , Yu Kaili , Li Wen-Dong , Zacher Hannes
Published: November 2023

Although the importance of developing and sustaining passion for work over time has long been underscored, how this can be accomplished has yet to be elaborated and substantiated in the literature. Drawing upon the self-concordance model, we proposed a theoretical model in which harmonious work passion (i.e., passion derived from an autonomous internalization of work into one's identity) may develop and be sustained over time through promoting job crafting behaviors that, in turn, spur greater subsequent passion later on. However, obsessive work passion (i.e., passion emanated from a controlled internalization of work with intra- or interpersonal contingencies attached) is less likely to promote this self-reinforcing cycle. Multivariate latent change score modeling of six-wave longitudinal data over 15 months revealed the hypothesized relationships between harmonious work passion and overall job crafting but not between obsessive work passion and overall job crafting. Furthermore, through bivariate latent change score modeling, we found a change-related reciprocal relationship between harmonious passion and cognitive and task crafting but not with relational crafting. Interestingly, we also observed a change-related reciprocal relationship between obsessive passion and cognitive crafting. This research contributes to the literature on passion and job crafting by demonstrating a self-reinforcing cycle for workplace passion and job crafting over time.
Relationships between Organizational Factors and Teachers’ Knowledge and Use of Culturally Relevant Education
Authors: Mathews Hannah Morris , Oblath Rachel , Bettini Elizabeth , McCray Erica , Chopra Akash , Scott Terrance
Published: November 2023

Background/Context:

Culturally relevant education (CRE) is a powerful tool for improving students’ educational experiences and outcomes. Yet CRE is not the norm in U.S. public education systems (Achinstein & Ogawa, 2011, 2012; Borrero et al., 2016; Coffey & Farinde-Wu, 2016), perhaps because teachers are socialized into systems that reproduce and uphold white-normed practice (Leonardo & Manning, 2017). The organizational contexts and conditions surrounding teachers’ practice could be a tool for leaders and policy makers to promote the use of CRE in schools.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to explore how three organizational factors—administrative support, school culture, and curricula—may contribute to teachers’ knowledge and enactment of CRE. We framed our analysis using cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) (Cole & Engeström, 1993), a tool for examining how learning is situated in contexts and conditions, and how these contexts and conditions mediate teaching practice (Foot, 2014).

Research Design:

Guided by the tenets of quantitative critical inquiry (Stage, 2007; Stage & Wells, 2014), we used survey data from 534 teachers in 33 schools in the 2019 school year to explore how three organizational factors (i.e., administrative support, school culture, and curricula) contribute to teachers’ knowledge and enactment of CRE. We collected data in spring 2019 in a high-poverty urban district in the southeastern United States serving predominantly students of color. We used confirmatory factor analysis to test each scale’s dimensionality, accounting for clustering by school, and then used structural equation modeling (SEM) to model relationships among the organizational factors and teachers’ self-reported CRE knowledge and practice.

Conclusions/Recommendations:

Our analysis indicated that curricular resources for CRE and collective expectations for CRE—an element of school culture—were both positively associated with teachers’ self-reported CRE knowledge. CRE knowledge, curricular resources for CRE, and administrative support were positively associated with teachers’ self-reported CRE practice. Finally, CRE knowledge partially mediated the relationship between curricular resources for CRE and CRE practice. Notably, general curricular resources were negatively associated with CRE practice. Findings suggest that norms and curricula focused on the use of CRE are crucial for enhancing teachers’ knowledge and use of CRE practice; general curricular resources may not foster teachers’ work in providing CRE in their classrooms. Finally, findings suggest that administrators may be uniquely positioned to help teachers transform their practice. We discuss implications for research and practice, in light of present efforts to curtail teachers’ use of CRE in seeking to provide students with meaningful educational opportunities.
A simple plan? Reflections on how a library service secured investment for a new library management system
Authors: Harper Ray
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to report and reflect on how a UK academic library secured investment for a new library management system. This is written from the perspective of the former Head of Service. This is a professional article which describes the organisational context and the stages of the initiative, including planning and implementation. The article sets the organisational context of the Library Service, which was formed out of the merger of 5 libraries. The author highlights issues which staff identified with the library management system (LMS) and the initial information gathering exercise to assess alternatives. The article describes an initial failed bid for investment and stages of hiatus due to unexpected events like COVID-19. The article describes how the Library developed a wider vision, and lobbied for wider support for digital changes through a cross-organisational group. The article describes the second bid for investment, and key features of this which made it successful. The author offers reflections on the failure and success of the project, and lessons from the experience. The article highlights that contextual evidence is vital to secure investment in library initiatives. It indicates that a story-telling approach to writing a business case can be powerful, in addition to market and sector data. It highlights the attributes and skills which library leaders might need in order to drive forward major strategic change. The author highlights some considerations for future policy and research, particularly around how library leaders can be equipped with skills.
Preference for Harmony: A Preference for Structural Simplicity, Familiarity, or Both?
Authors: Song Sijia E. , Kowalewski Douglas A. , Friedman Ronald S.
Published: November 2023

The preference for harmony (PfH) has been posited to represent an individual difference in the preference for stimuli that are relatively simple, regular, and/or harmonious. We tested whether variations in PfH may also reflect the extent to which individuals prefer stimuli that are more familiar, irrespective of their structural features. To this end, we examined the association between PfH and two behavioral measures of the preference for familiarity, one based on individual differences in the strength of the mere-exposure effect and the other based on preferences for musical chords that appear more versus less frequently within Western musical corpora. Our results showed modest but reliable positive correlations between PfH and both measures. These findings qualify the original interpretation of PfH by suggesting that it at least partially reflects a predilection for stimuli that are more familiar, not just structurally simpler, more regular, and/or more harmonious.
Measurement Invariance of the Social, Academic, and Emotional Behavior Risk Screener - Teacher Rating Scale
Authors: Goerdt Annie , Miller Faith , Dupuis Danielle , Olson Meg
Published: November 2023

School-based universal screening in the social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) domains allows for the early identification of students in need of SEB support. Importantly, equitable assessment in universal screening for the SEB domains is critical to engage in accurate and ethical data-based decision-making. Measurement invariance is one method for examining potential inequities in assessment tools, permitting the ability to evaluate which assessments or assessment items perform differently across groups. As such, this study utilized multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the extent of measurement invariance for a commonly used universal screening tool for the SEB domains: the Social, Academic, and Emotional Behavior Risk Screener - Teacher Rating Scale (SAEBRS-TRS). The sample consisted of 1949 students in kindergarten through fourth grade in a Midwest, suburban school district. Examination of factor structures indicated the bifactor model yielded adequate fit and was utilized for measurement invariance testing. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis results provided preliminary evidence that the SAEBRS-TRS displays invariance across a variety of student characteristics. Specifically, results supported configural and metric/scalar invariance of the bifactor model across the student characteristics of racial or ethnic identity, sex assigned at birth, and eligibility for free or reduced-price lunch. Yet, future research is needed to corroborate these findings. Limitations, implications for practice, and directions for future research are discussed.
Improving Accessibility to Urban Greenspaces for People with Disabilities: A Modified Universal Design Approach
Authors: Selanon Pattamon , Chuangchai Warawoot
Published: November 2023

Despite the integration of universal design, access to urban greenspaces, which provide multiple health benefits, has been restricted among people with disabilities, particularly in developing countries. This article argues that the sole use of the seven principles of universal design is inadequate for urban greenspace planning as it consistently fails to prevent serious injuries, accommodate multiculturalism, and disregard subjective feelings when addressing people with disabilities. Additional approaches, including a safety strategy, diverse cultural behavior acceptability, and emotional design through landscape naturalness, are considered to improve accessibility, thereby reducing urban health inequalities and achieving an inclusive city.
Youth-centered Recommendations to Address Social Stigma and Discrimination Against Unhoused Youth: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Le Huy , Rew Lynn
Published: November 2023

Youth between ages 13 and 25 who experience homelessness face numerous barriers to excellent health, including social stigma and discrimination. Applying socio-ecological model and intersectionality theory, an integrative literature review was conducted. Peer-reviewed studies ( N = 29) representing 808,296 participants extracted from four databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, SocINDEX) were analyzed. The studies included sources of discrimination and stigma from interpersonal interactions with support services staff upwards to policy and systemic levels with housing and justice systems. Health outcomes include poorer physical and behavioral health status from increased likeliness of denied access to support services, prolonged time spent being homeless, and higher incidences of experiencing violence. School nursing has power to push for recommended changes and support unhoused youth towards excellent health. Proposed changes include adapting Housing First framework, engaging with unhoused youth in program planning, policy writing, and public education that address the causes of poverty.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Probability of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism and Bleeding Risk in an Obese Population
Authors: Pilkerton Courtney S. , Adelman Megan , Crocetti Emily , Xiang Jun , Strick Victoria , Ponte Charles D. , Peckens Shaylee , Jackson Benjamin P. , Whipp Kylen , Ashcraft Amie M.
Published: November 2023

Background:

Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have become the preferred drugs for managing venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite their advantages over vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin, their use in obese patients remains controversial with many providers reluctant to switch patients managed on warfarin. Outcome research that opts to increase provider confidence when prescribing DOACs for patients with obesity will be invaluable.

Objective:

This investigation evaluated whether patients with a body mass index (BMI) 35 kg/m2 or greater who were prescribed a DOAC had a higher risk for a recurrent VTE or bleed event relative to warfarin.

Methods:

The study was conducted in West Virginia which has the highest rate of obesity in the United States.

Results:

Of the total study population (1633), 2.3% (37) had a recurrent thrombotic event, 5.5% (89) had a major bleed event, and 10.7% (174) had some type of bleeding event. No individual patient characteristic was associated with recurrent thrombosis—including BMI. Older age, antiplatelet use, and taking a medication with a theoretical risk of increasing the effect of DOACs were associated with any and major bleeding events. The use of warfarin was associated with major bleeding events more frequently versus a DOAC. Body mass index was not a predictor for recurrent VTE or any bleed or major bleed events.

Conclusions:

These findings support the conclusion that DOACs are an appropriate and effective drug class for the management of VTE in patients with obesity.
Foot and Ankle Bone Marrow Edema Assessment in Long Distance Runners
Authors: Hatch Ryan , Devito Paul , Reams Megan , Pena Fernando
Published: November 2023

Background:

The clinical significance of foot and ankle bone marrow edema (BME) is poorly understood.

Methods:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were collected for 17 runners who participated in the Twin Cities Marathon, immediately postmarathon and at a 6-week follow-up. Bone marrow edema lesions were classified using lesion frequency, anatomical location, and grading scale change to calculate a BME score for each affected bone. Spearman rank correlation coefficient test was used to identify a possible correlation between VAS and postmarathon BME. A paired Student t test was used to detect differences between total mileage ran 6 weeks postmarathon in participants with or without BME.

Results:

After completing the marathon, 8 BME lesions were identified in 5 participants (29.4%; 5/17), 3 were men, and 2 were women, with a mean age of 33.8 years (range: 24-52), and BMI of 22.9 ± 4. All lesions were resolved on 6-week follow-up imaging. VAS pain scores did not correlate with postmarathon BME. A significant difference in total miles logged over 6 weeks postmarathon could not be found among participants with and without BME.

Conclusion:

Foot and ankle BME changes identified by MRI were not correlated to clinical symptoms and may resolve with self-directed activity in less time than other areas of the lower extremity.

Level of Evidence:

Level II, Prospective Cohort Study.
Early Survivorship, Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of a Modular Augmented Revision Total Ankle Arthroplasty System
Authors: Purnell Jennifer , Shaffrey Isabelle , Ellis Scott , Deland Jonathan , Henry Jensen , Demetracopoulos Constantine
Published: November 2023

Background:

As the number of total ankle arthroplasties (TAAs) performed annually increases, there is increased demand for modular revision implants. There is limited early survivorship and clinical outcome data for the INVISION Total Ankle Arthroplasty System (Wright Medical Technology/Stryker). This study aims to determine early implant survivorship, complications, and radiographic and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of the INVISION implant in the revision setting.

Methods:

This is a single-institution retrospective review of adult patients who underwent revision TAA with the INVISION implant with minimum 2-year follow-up. Demographics, complications, radiographic data, and PROs (PROMIS) were collected. The primary outcome was implant survivorship. Secondary outcomes were reoperation, radiographic complications, and PROs.

Results:

Nineteen patients underwent revision INVISION TAA with mean follow-up of 3.5 years. INVISION revision TAA was used for tibial (n = 6) or talar (n = 7) component subsidence, recurrent tibiotalar malalignment (valgus = 1, varus = 3), and postinfection bone loss (n = 2). Two-year implant survivorship was 100%. There were no reoperations. One patient had lucency of the talar component at 6 months post TAA revision with INVISION. One patient had talar subsidence at final follow-up. Two-year postoperative follow-up PROMIS domains improved significantly ( P < .05).

Conclusion:

There was excellent short-term survivorship of the INVISION TAA implant, with no failures. There were significant improvements in PROs and low rates of subsidence and lucencies. The results of this study support using the INVISION implant in the revision TAA setting.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort.
Radiographic Anatomy of the Lateral Ankle Ligament Complex: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Robbins Jordan B. , Stahel Shepheard A. , Morris Randal P. , Jupiter Daniel C. , Chen Jie , Panchbhavi Vinod K.
Published: November 2023

Background:

When lateral ankle sprains progress into chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI), restoring precise anatomic relationships of the lateral ankle ligament complex (LALC) surgically is complex. This study quantifies the radiographic relationships between the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), and prominent osseous landmarks visible under fluoroscopy to assist in perioperative practices for minimally invasive surgery for CLAI.

Methods:

Ten fresh frozen ankle specimens were dissected to expose the LALC and prepared by threading a radiopaque filament through the ligamentous footprints of the ATFL and CFL. Fluoroscopic images were digitally analyzed to define dimensional characteristics of the ATFL and CFL. Directional measurements of the ligamentous footprints relative to the lateral process of the talus and the apex of the posterior facet of the calcaneus were calculated.

Results:

Dimensional measurements of the ATFL were a mean length of 9.3 mm, fibular footprint of 9.4 mm, and talar footprint of 9.1 mm. Dimensional measurements of the CFL were a mean length of 19.4 mm, fibular footprint of 8.2 mm, and calcaneal footprint of 7.3 mm. From the radiographic apparent tip of the lateral process of the talus, the fibular attachment of the ATFL was found 13.3 mm superior and 4.4 mm posterior, whereas the talar attachment was found 11.5 mm superior and 4.8 mm anterior. From the radiographic apparent posterior apex of the posterior facet of the calcaneus, the fibular attachment of the CFL was found 0.2 mm inferior and 6.8 mm anterior, whereas the calcaneal attachment was found 14.3 mm inferior and 5.9 mm posterior.

Conclusion:

The ATFL and CFL were radiographically analyzed using radiopaque filaments to outline the ligamentous footprints in their native locations. These ligaments were also localized with reference to 2 prominent osseous landmarks. These findings may assist in perioperative practices for keyhole incision placement and arthroscopic guidance. Perfect lateral ankle joint imaging with talar domes superimposed is required to be able to do this.

Clinical Relevance:

Radiographic evaluation of the ATFL and CFL with reference to prominent osseous landmarks identified under fluoroscopy may assist in perioperative practices for minimally invasive surgery to address CLAI for keyhole incision placement and arthroscopic guidance.
Indigenous knowledge mobilization: reflection on context, content, and relationship
Authors: Hutchinson Peter James , McIlduff Cari Dawn , Legare Marlin , Keewatin Miranda , Hagel Mikayla , Chapados Meghan , Acharibasam John Bosco
Published: November 2023

First Nations, Inuit, and Métis, Indigenous peoples in Canada, have long experienced racism within health services resulting in a health service system that many Indigenous people in Canada do not want to access. Research informing Indigenous health services must consider how findings and analysis happen within the community, what information is shared, and how it improves access to health services. Information shared in Indigenous research methods was communicated at the end and throughout the project. Indigenous knowledge mobilization in Indigenous research methods requires researchers to receive knowledge from the community and research participants. Also, knowledge sharing and moving into practice happen continuously throughout the research process. These qualities of Indigenous knowledge mobilization facilitate increasing accessibility to health services through Indigenous knowledge identified in research. This article describes an Indigenous knowledge mobilization framework that may be adapted within Indigenous communities looking to make transparent how Indigenous knowledge is incorporated within health services.
The Commercialization Butterfly: Glimpses of Commerce of Traditional Crafts of Assam
Authors: Jogendranath Chutia Lakhimi , Sarma Mrinmoy K.
Published: November 2023

Traditional craft commercialization in Assam and its dynamics have been specifically examined in this paper with the help of a theoretical model framed out of concepts such as spontaneous and sponsored commercialization. It is found that craft commercialization in Assam is varied, vibrant, and dynamic as it depends upon the specific role played by artisans, intermediaries, and external agents. The spontaneous effort of artisans in adapting craft objects to various uses for pure artistic pleasure as well as sale and the proximity of producers of the crafts to the market and the customers have been explored. Most of the craftworks were found to have undergone transformation due to the artistic ingenuity of the craftsmen, while many others metamorphosed due to external influence. Agents essayed the role of design and sales agent bringing to light the degree of interface between the producers of the crafts and different types of customers. The commercialization butterfly minutely captures the distinct processes, viz., spontaneous, sponsored, pure-spontaneous, and pure-sponsored, taking place in the craft sector of Assam.
Demand and willingness to pay for human papilloma virus vaccine for their daughters among mothers in Haryana, India: A contingent valuation study
Authors: Ray Shomik , Mulchandani Rubina , Patel Pankaj
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Cervical cancer accounts for 10 percent of cancer deaths among women in India. The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine can protect against infection but it is not included in India’s universal immunisation programme. This study aimed to assess the demand and willingness to pay for the HPV vaccine among mothers of adolescent daughters.

Methods

We conducted a contingent valuation exercise involving a hospital-based cross-sectional study to assess the demand for an HPV vaccine among mothers of adolescent daughters, their willingness to pay and its determinants. Participants were recruited at a tertiary care civil hospital in the city of Gurgaon in North India, and data was collected from December 2018 to February 2019. A questionnaire was administered to obtain demographic and awareness indicators. Payment cards were used to elicit the willingness to pay amount.

Results

Out of 319 respondents, 79% were willing to pay for the vaccine. The mean maximum willingness to pay was INR 629 (USD 35), which was less than the vaccine market price of INR 2000–3000 (USD 117–175) per dose. Participant age and number of children significantly influenced demand, while family income and awareness of cervical cancer influenced willingness to pay for the HPV vaccine. Participants were willing to spend between 3% and 34% of their monthly income on the vaccine.

Conclusions

High demand and low willingness to pay for the HPV vaccine indicate low value perception of the health outcome among mothers of adolescent children in India. A strategy aimed at a price reduction of the vaccine and increasing its demand through improved awareness is important. At the same time, subsidising the vaccine in the short run is needed.
Voters’ feelings of exclusion and behavioral intentions after political elections: Replicating and extending findings on vicarious exclusion
Authors: Aydin Nilüfer , Kleber Janet , Mahr Luisa A. M. , Gangl Katharina
Published: November 2023

Previous research from the United States suggests that having voted for a losing-side candidate in presidential elections is associated with individual feelings of exclusion and social pain, reactions usually observed in interpersonal or small-group instances of exclusion. The current research replicates these findings for voters of losing-side parties in a field study on a real election in a European country (Austria; Study 1), demonstrating that findings hold within a different political system. Moreover, we add experimental support for the causal effect of electoral loss on feelings of exclusion and social pain reactions in a two-party (Study 2) and a multiparty context (Study 3). We further extend previous research by demonstrating that postelectoral need-threat likely translates into behavioral intentions on a societal level (Studies 1–3). The current findings add to an emerging line of research on the importance of individual feelings of exclusion in politics by integrating small-group research with macropolitical behavior.
A Generative Design Exploration Methodology for Integration of Structural, Environmental, and User Agencies in an Early Design Stage
Authors: Khodadadi Anahita
Published: November 2023

This article presents a generative design exploration methodology utilized to assist designers in problem structuring and decision-making in a multi-disciplinary setting. This novel design exploration methodology is based on the hybridization of a genetic algorithm (GA) and the Theory of Innovative Problem Solving (TRIZ). This methodology allows investigation of unexpected solutions, application of innovative ideas for resolving contradictory design objectives, and continuous interaction between designers and the search engine. In this study, the design case of a mid-rise apartment complex is used to examine the capacity of the proposed multi-agent design exploration method. Accordingly, both quality and numeric performance-based values of the design alternatives, including the visual appearance of the complex and apartments’ shadows over one another, structural and energy efficiency, and life-cycle impact of the building’s structural system, are investigated to demonstrate the usability and benefits of the developed method.
Diagnosis and surgical therapy of spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Authors: Klail Tomas , Jesse Christopher M , Schär Ralph T , Häni Levin , Raabe Andreas , Schankin Christoph J , Piechowiak Eike I , Dobrocky Tomas
Published: November 2023

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a serious medical condition caused by loss of cerebrospinal fluid at the level of the spine, which, when not treated, may cause substantial long-term disability and increase morbidity. The following video summarizes the necessary steps for successful diagnosis and treatment of SIH, starting with a brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging, followed by dynamic myelography. Because an epidural bloodpatch did not provide a lasting relief, the patient underwent surgery which demonstrated a ventral dural slit caused by an osteodiscogenic microspur. In the 1-month follow up, the patient was symptom free. This video is meant to raise awareness of SIH among clinicians in order to increase general sensitivity for this diagnosis.
Ultrasonography – a novel auxiliary interpretive approach for tuberculin-purified pure protein derivative skin test: a comparative study
Authors: Jiao Weijie , Huang Yi , Lei Ying , Zhang Jun , Yu Ming
Published: November 2023

Background:

The tuberculin-purified protein derivative (PPD) test is commonly used as a screening tool for tuberculosis (TB). However, the traditional judgment standard of the PPD test is influenced by subjective factors, which can lead to less accurate and intuitive test results.

Objectives:

To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography as a novel auxiliary judgment method for the tuberculin-PPD test and its clinical application.

Design:

This study was designed as a comparative study following the STROBE guidance.

Methods:

From February to May 2022, 208 patients with active tuberculosis infection were enrolled. Manual judgment and ultrasonography were employed in a double-blind-utilized manner, and the PPD examination results were recorded. Kappa statistic was performed to measure the concordance between the two diagnostic methods. Fisher’s exact test was used for the analyses of the PPD test results of all 208 active tuberculosis infection patients’ PPD results.

Results:

There was a significant difference between the two methods in the PPD result judgment ( p < 0.001), particularly in the positive ratio of the PPD test results, ( p < 0.05). Overall, 50 patients were determined as PPD positive based on manual judgment. However, only 24 patients’ PPD test results were determined as positive via ultrasonography. The remaining 26 patients should have been classified as strong positive but were misclassified as positive. The misdiagnosis ratio was 52% (26/50).

Conclusion:

Ultrasonography has superior accuracy to traditional manual judgment. Moreover, it does not rely on sophisticated clinical experience or training and can reveal subtle changes of the skin corresponding to each PPD test result providing intuitive results. In conclusion, ultrasonography can be used as an auxiliary interpretive approach for PPD test and has a promising future for clinical application.
Discount Rates Vary Within Individuals Throughout Daily Life in Conjunction With Momentary Changes in Affect
Authors: Kochanowska Ewa , Coleman Matthew , Reutskaja Elena , Mills Caitlin , Wormwood Jolie
Published: November 2023

Temporal discounting rate, the extent to which one values immediate rewards over larger future rewards, is typically considered a trait measure, with higher discount rates associated with increased impulsivity. Given increasing lab-based evidence that discount rates may be sensitive to context, including current affect, we developed a novel approach to measure discount rates in daily life. Participants ( N = 116, Nobs = 4,112) completed a 7-day experience sampling protocol, where they made an intertemporal choice at six random times throughout each day on their smartphones. Participants also self-reported their affect (valence and arousal) and awareness of bodily sensations associated with affect. We found that discount rates were variable within participants throughout their daily life, and this variability was associated with their current subjective experience; discount rates were higher when participants reported more pleasant or lower arousal affect or lesser body awareness. The findings highlight the need to study intertemporal choice in a more context-dependent manner.
The Political Influence of Lifestyle Influencers? Examining the Relationship Between Aspirational Social Media Use and Anti-Expert Attitudes and Beliefs
Authors: Hasell Ariel , Chinn Sedona
Published: November 2023

As social media are increasingly integrated into our lives, scholars have examined how social media use can inform beliefs about politics and science. This study considers the political implications of following lifestyle influencers and their aspirational content in social media. Aspirational social media use may shape political attitudes and beliefs, even when not explicitly political. Using a two-wave survey of American adults ( N = 1,421), this study examines whether aspirational use of social media is associated with anti-expert attitudes and inaccurate beliefs about politicized science. Data indicate that aspirational social media use is associated with anti-intellectualism and holding more inaccurate beliefs, but not with overall distrust of science. These relationships are moderated by political affiliation, so that the attitudes and beliefs of Democrats and Republicans are similar at high levels of aspirational social media use. The results highlight the need to better understand the political implications of different types of social media use, including seemingly apolitical social media.
A Comprehensive Approach to Measuring Financial Vulnerability and Literacy: Unveiling Connections
Authors: Fernández-López Sara , Álvarez-Espiño Marcos , Rey-Ares Lucía
Published: November 2023

In the aftermath of the 2007–08 financial crisis, the worsening financial conditions of households increased concerns about their financial vulnerability (FV). In this context, policymakers embraced the notion of financial knowledge to foster sound financial behaviors among individuals and households, aiming to mitigate the detrimental effects of FV on households’ financial wellbeing and the overall economy. However, the relationship between FV and financial literacy remains inconclusive. This lack of definitive findings may stem from limitations in measuring FV and narrow focus on specific dimensions of financial literacy. This paper analyzes the relationship between financial literacy and FV by creating a comprehensive measure of (the level of) FV and considering different dimensions of financial literacy. Using a sample of 8,554 individuals in Spain obtained from the 2016–17 Survey of Financial Competences, we construct a continuous measure of FV by using Nonlinear Principal Components Analysis (NLPCA). Then, we employ OLS and ordered probit regressions to examine the potential association between different dimensions of financial literacy and FV. The findings indicate that the level of FV is negatively related to self-perceived financial knowledge, while no statistically significant relationship is found regarding objective financial knowledge. Evidence also reveals that “highly financially included” individuals are more likely to exhibit financial resilience. These findings highlight the need for the development of financial education initiatives that are action-oriented.