bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arsitektur Internet of Things (IoT) Berskala Industri dengan fitur Over The Air Update
Authors: Paramartha I Gusti Ngurah Darma , Kurniawan I Nyoman Hary , Subiksa Gde Brahupadhya , Kartika Ayu Satya
Published: December 2021

Perangkat Internet of Things(IoT) yang diimplementasikan di banyak tempat dapat mengalami perubahan berupa update firmware. Update firmware pada sebuah perangkat Internet of Things (IoT) biasanya dilakukan dengan cara mengambil perangkat Internet of Things(IoT), lalu menghubungkan ke komputer menggunakan kabel USB, selanjutnya melakukan update firmware terhadap perangkat Internet of Things(IoT) dan mengembalikan perangkat ke tempat. Dengan adanya metode pembaruan Over The Air (OTA), pembaruan firmware pada perangkat Internet of Things(IoT) dapat dilakukan tanpa harus datang ke tempat perangkat Internet of Things (IoT) tersebut. Sehingga ketika terdapat pembaruan firmware, perangkat Internet of Things (IoT) dapat langsung melakukan download dan menginstall sendiri tanpa intervasi manusia. Over The Air update firmware adalah memuat firmware hasil build dari Arduino IDE pada perangkat Internet of Things (IoT) menggunakan antar muka jaringan Wi-Fi, pada penelitian ini perangkat mikrokontroller yang digunakan yaitu ESP32. Platform yang digunakan yaitu ThingsBoard yang bersifat open-source. Platfrom ThingsBoard ini memungkinkan untuk mengunggah dan mendistribusikan pembaruan Over The Air (OTA) ke perangkat Internet of Things (IoT). Administrator pada Thingsboard dapat mengunggah firmware atau paket perangkat lunak ke repositori Over The Air (OTA), lalu menetapkannya ke Profil Perangkat atau Perangkat Internet of Things (IoT) . ThingsBoard akan memberi tahu perangkat tentang pembaharuan yang tersedia dan menyediakan API khusus protokol untuk mengunduh firmware. Platform ThingsBoard ini akan melacak status pembaruan dan menyimpan riwayat pembaruan. Proses pembaruan ini dapat dipantau menggunakan dashboard. Platform ThingsBoard ini bisa digunakan secara gratis maupun berbayar tergantung kebutuhan dari proyek Internet of Things(IoT). Bukan hanya itu saja platform ThingsBoard ini dilengkapi sistem keamanan berbasis token akses, MQTT basic credentials, dan Otentikasi berbasis sertifikat X.509.
Desain Instrumen Smart System Berteknologi IoT dan Hybrid Power
Authors: Abiyasa Agus Putu , Wiguna I Kadek Arta , Dewi I Gusti Ayu Wulan Krisna
Published: December 2021

Energi listrik merupakan kebutuhan primer yang digunakan dalam kehidupan. Energi listrik dapa bersrumber dari banyak hal seperti energi batu bara, minyak, angin, nuklir serta energi matahari. Energi matahari merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan yang dimana pemanfaatan enargi matahari di Indonesia masih belum optimal padahal energi matahari di Indonesia sangatlah melimpah. Dalam penggunaan energi listri sering kali mengalami permasalahan padamnya energi listrik dan tidak memiliki sumber energi cadanganan sehingga menghambat kegiatan manusia khususnya dibidang pertanian hidroponik. Pertanian hidroponik sangan bergantung pada energi listrik untuk menyakan perangkat seperti pompa  dan blower. Maka dari itu penelitian ini membahas tentang sistem hybrid power  yang berteknologi IoT yang dirancang sesuai sandar industri dengan metode pencarian literasi, perancangan serta perencanaan, etching dan soldering serta pengujian.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menciptakan sebuah alat yang berkemampuan hybrid power antara energi listrik PLN dengan Energi listrik matahari, agar bisa membantu petani di bidang hydroponik. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa design instrumen smart system berteknologi IoT dan hybrid power.
Infinite perimeter selective segmentation model
Authors: RADA Lavdie
Published: December 2021

Accurate boundary determination and segmentation of an object of interest in an image is a difficult image segmentation task. In this paper, we propose a new model which improves the old selective segmentation of Rada et al. [23] by combining two penalization and two fitting terms. To better deal with oscillatory boundaries, a H^1 weighted length term and L^2 Lebesgue measure have been employed as penalization terms, whereas the fitting terms consist of a region-based and area fitting term. The model has the same speed as the previous one-level set interactive segmentation model by Rada et al. [23] and much faster compared to previously dual-level set models by Rada et al. [25, 24] by having the same segmentation accuracy and reliability. On the other hand, the model shows a better performance while dealing with irregular and oscillatory object boundaries compared to Rada et al. [25] model. Further comparison with segmentation algorithms of the same nature, such as the Nguyen et al. [21] method, shows that the proposed model shows the same or improved performance for object segmentation with transparent boundaries or inhomogeneous intensity of the aimed object. Through experiments, it is shown that the proposed model finds the aimed object boundaries successfully for smooth or challenging oscillatory topological structures.
A GIS-based AHP Method for Groundwater Potential Zone Assessment: A Review
Authors: Sulaiman Wassfi , Karimi Hazhir , Mustafa Yaseen
Published: December 2021

Scientific and academic researches and studies trying to present a multi-range of techniques and methods focusing on groundwater pollution, potentials, assessment, and prediction, Groundwater is the most important resource of fresh water now and many researchers trying to cover all about this resource to get sustainable development. This review aims to create an overview of groundwater analysis and forecasting methods. The study is based on the need to select and group research papers into best-defined methodological categories. The article gives an overview of recent advancements in groundwater potential zone analysis approaches, as well as ongoing research objectives based on that overview. This review has overviewed papers and researches been published last decade 2010 -2020 have been done depending on the data sources from the global online database, which could obtain many papers and research studying the groundwater potential zones and other aspects related to groundwater.  The aim of reviewing multiple types of research and papers on determining groundwater potential zones by applying the best techniques and selecting the most suitable factors that affect groundwater potential zones.
The Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on Indian medical undergraduate students
Authors: Jindal Meemansa , Singla Anshuja , Khan Amir Maroof
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims: With the implementation of the COVID-19 lockdown, conventional teaching had to be replaced with online teaching, to ensure the continuity of medical education. This has impacted the clinical training of medical undergraduates. We aimed to explore their perceptions and differences before and during the COVID-19 lockdown.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey using a self-administered, retrospective pre-post questionnaire, was conducted among students from pre-final and final year between December 2020 and March 2021. Agreement scores with 15-items about the various domains of clinical training were recorded. Open-ended question was asked to know about the reasons for the students’ preferences. Chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to compare the proportion and medians respectively.
Results: We received 1000 responses from students of 191 medical colleges {Median (IQR): 6 (2,10) per college}. Most (81.6%) opined that their experience with clinical training was better before COVID-19 lockdown, irrespective of the mode of teaching in clinical skills (P<0.001). In addition, despite being more comfortable, focused, and interactive, online clinical training could not offer interaction with patients, residents and colleagues. Students who had gone through in-person training during lockdown period also perceived disadvantages like limited exposure to patients, limited time for faculty to teach, and less time for clinical practice.
Conclusion: The learning experiences of clinical training during COVID-19 lockdown were perceived as inferior than that before lockdown by the medical undergraduate students, irrespective of the mode of clinical training.
WHAT MODEL OF ECONOMY AND FINANCIAL SECTOR DOES RUSSIA NEED?
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, MIRKIN YAKOV M.
Published: December 2021

The article reveals the models of collective behavior and the ideology that dominates in public consciousness, generating modern structures of the economy and society in Russia. Shows the “leftism” of society, paternalism as fundamental characteristics that create the institutional structures of Russia. The analysis of the current model of the economy is given and it is shown how it is determined by the standards of collective behavior and “psychological” dominants of society. Other models of the economy (Anglo-­Saxon, Chinese, etc.) are discussed, their incompatibility with the standards of collective behavior prevailing in Russian society is revealed. The thesis is put forward that the social market economy (“continental model”) would best meet the needs of Russia, given its traditions, the most important goals facing the country, the most common models of collective behavior that have historical roots, and the prevailing mass ideology. The basic parameters of the social market economy, which enable Russia to move to long-term sustainable development, are discussed.
ON THE QUESTION OF INVESTMENT AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC REGIONS
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences», DYADIK NATALIA V. , CHAPARGINA ANASTASIA N. ,   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences»
Published: December 2021

In this article, the authors assessed the resource availability, investment opportunities and incomes of the population of the Russian Arctic in the context of the potential development of this territory. The study showed that natural resources are not the main condition for the formation of regional finances. Based on the conducted statistical analysis, it is shown that the regions under study have powerful industrial potential but have a rather low level of investment attractiveness. It was revealed that the current system of social guarantees does not compensate for living conditions in these territories. It is concluded that considering the identified interregional differences and peculiarities will make it possible to develop new solutions and approaches in matters of financial development of the Arctic territories. The authors believe that expanding the powers of regional authorities, reducing budget consolidation and developing mechanisms aimed at forming the institutional foundations of state regulation will help build up additional regional financial resources, eliminate the legal vacuum and develop special mechanisms to stimulate investment processes and attract investment resources for these territories.
TOXICITY MEDIATED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ITS MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN CROP PLANTS
Authors: Batra Shivani
Published: December 2021

Oxidative stress occurs in plant due to various environmental stressors like drought, high temperature, pathogen invasion, heavy metals, pesticides etc. when plant faces these conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the chloroplast, mitochondria, plasma membrane, peroxisomes, ER and cell wall due to the leakage of electrons. Depending upon its concentration the role of ROS is decided if less then it will act as a signaling molecule but if in excess it will damage the cellular machinery of plants as the production of species like free radicals would take place. Though to combat these stress plants have antioxidant defense machinery which include enzymatic and non- enzymatic which lower down the level of ROS. Through genetic engineering more tolerant plants are produced which include modification of key genes like transcription factors. In this review article the molecular physiology of plants is discussed where in the factors contributing to stress including biotic and abiotic factors and various mitigation strategies.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla (Mammalia: Pholidota), an endemic subspecies of Chinese pangolin: mitogenome characterisation and phylogenetic implications
Authors: Sun Nick , Huang Chi-Chun , Tseng Yu-Wei , Laxmi Suwal Tulshi , Chi Meng-Jou , Jang-Liaw Nian-Hong , Hung Kuo-Hsiang
Published: December 2021

The Chinese pangolin Manis pentadactyla is critically endangered because of over-exploitation and illegal trafficking and includes three subspecies. However, the taxonomic status of the three subspecies of the Chinese pangolin has not been well resolved, which impedes regional conservation and illegal trade traces. In this study, the complete mitogenome sequence of M. p. pentadactyla, an endemic subspecies of the Chinese pangolin in Taiwan, was determined. The complete mitogenome of M. p. pentadactyla is 16,570 base pairs (bp) in length with 13 protein-coding genes (PCG), 23 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNAs and a 1164 bp control region. The overall base composition of the genome showed a slight A + T bias (59.9%), positive AT skew (0.1515) and negative GC skew (-0.3406), which is similar to that of other pangolins. All PCGs started with a typical ATN codon and all tRNAs were typical cloverleaf-shaped secondary structures, except for tRNA-Ser(GCU). Phylogenetic analysis indicated a monophyletic relationship for M. p. pentadactyla and M. p. aurita and was monophyletic for M. p. pentadactyla, but paraphyletic for M. p. aurita. The paraphyly of M. p. aurita resulted from an incomplete lineage sorting. This study enriched the mitogenome database of the Chinese pangolin and the molecular information obtained should be very useful for future research on mitogenome evolution and genetic diversification in M. pentadactyla.
The role of plants in the formation of species-specific features in grass flies (Diptera, Chloropidae, Meromyza)
Authors: Triseleva Tatiana , Petrosyan Varos , Yatsuk Aleksandra , Safonkin Andrey
Published: December 2021

In the current manuscript, we present the results of comparative analysis of seven species of Meromyza flies in the “variegata” cluster and of the evolutionary close species M. inornata, based the following criteria: 1) 14 external key features; 2) shape and area of the anterior processes of postgonites; 3) mtDNA CO1 region and 4) host plant diversity data. We could demonstrate the primary role of host plants in species formation inside genus Meromyza and calculated the timing of the divergence of M. inornata and the species of “variegata” cluster. Based on our estimates of evolution rate for mtDNA CO1 gene, we could conclude that that divergence of herbs happened before the speciation of grass flies Meromyza. Meromyza species, close to the ancestral species of the cluster, are adapted to the wide range of host plants. We revealed the most informative variables h1, S and Plant analysing data with the following statistical methods: linear discriminant analysis - LDA, regularised discriminant analysis - RDA, flexible discriminant analysis – FDA and probabilistic neural network - PNN. The highest classification accuracy was achieved using PNN (99%) and the lowest when using LDA (95.8%). When the Plant trait was excluded, the classification accuracy decreased by 14%. We revealed the significant trends in size change of the anterior process of the postgonite amongst studies species. This morphological structure is an element of male reproductive apparatus critical for the restriction of interspecies mating. We determined three branches of speciation in the “variegata” cluster and five trends in the evolution of this cluster, based on the external morphological features. We showed that M. variegata and especially M. mosquensis, the species closest to the ancestral haplotype, have the largest number of features typical of those of M. inornata. Based on the external features and the area of the anterior process of the postgonite, we reconstructed the phylogenetic position of M. elbergi in the cluster. In accordance with the obtained outcomes, we could conclude that the distribution, species diversity and the adaptation of the grass flies to narrow oligophagy were directly connected to host plant diversity. The adaptation to different host plants could be the main factor in divergence of grass flies and their evolution started later than the diversification in the Pooideae subfamily of grasses.
Un an après sa victoire, où en est Joe Biden ?
Authors: Nardon Laurence
Published: December 2021

Un an après l’investiture de Joe Biden, le 20 janvier 2021, un premier bilan peut être proposé. Son programme était ambitieux et sa mise en œuvre est rendue difficile, en particulier du fait des divisions au sein du Parti démocrate. Quant à l’opposition républicaine, elle reste fortement sous l’influence de Donald Trump. La bipolarisation persistante rend difficile tout pronostic pour les prochaines élections. Il est cependant possible qu’en 2022, les démocrates perdent la majorité au Sénat et à la Chambre des représentants.
Présidentielle 2022 : une boussole des mots
Authors: Darrigrand Mariette
Published: December 2021

L’élection présidentielle aura lieu dans quelques mois, mais le discours médiatique s’y intéresse depuis plus d’un an et a fait circuler des termes qui forment le bruit ambiant dans lequel les candidats devront lancer leurs propres éléments de langage. Dans cette bataille de discours, la sémiologue a repéré les mots structurants, concepts cardinaux entourés de leurs mots satellites : « chaos », « radicalité », « transition », « réancrage », « identité », « fraternité ». Ils composent la boussole de nos représentations. C’est sur cette cartographie que le citoyen, pour voter ou s’abstenir, se cherchera, qu’il veuille se trouver en miroir ou se relier à d’autres habitants de la cité.
« La très simple apparition du vrai »
Authors: Sueur Agathe
Published: December 2021

Lire l’œuvre de Pierre Michon, c’est souvent, d’abord, découvrir la légende : légende née de ce premier livre, Vies minuscules , éclos tardivement, publié en 1984 par les éditions Gallimard alors que l’homme est déjà âgé de trente-neuf ans. Depuis ces Vies, cette légende entoure leur auteur qui a prouvé – avec quelques autres, dont Pierre Bergounioux – que l’on peut être Limousin, issu d’un pays où les mains travaillent d’ordinaire la terre, la boue et le ciment, et porter la langue française à son plus haut degré d’expression et de rayonnement.
Le crowdfunding dans les communes françaises : un outil de financement de l’action publique et de communication
Authors: de la Pallière Nadine , Dony Sébastien , Goullet Catherine , Guyvarc’h Annaïck
Published: December 2021

Faisant face à un contexte contraint, les communes recherchent de nouvelles sources de financement de l’action publique. Le crowdfunding se positionne comme un dispositif innovant répondant à cette volonté, mais aussi comme un outil de communication et d’engagement citoyen. Cette recherche étudie ces deux aspects du crowdfunding dans le secteur public local. À partir d’une base de 94 projets de crowdfunding , une analyse statistique des modalités des projets financés et des caractéristiques territoriales, économiques, sociales et politiques des communes ayant recours à ce dispositif est réalisée pour mettre en évidence les spécificités de cet outil de financement. Une analyse lexicométrique est ensuite réalisée à partir des descriptifs des projets afin de caractériser les axes de communication des campagnes de crowdfunding .
La scène gastronomique : une analyse à partir du cas de Nantes
Authors: Clergeau Cécile , Etcheverria Olivier
Published: December 2021

Le concept de scène gastronomique présenté ici nous permet d’approfondir la compréhension des relations complexes et denses entretenues entre gastronomie, attractivité touristique et développement local. Une revue de la littérature, ainsi qu’une analyse de type ethnographique du terrain nantais, permettent de définir la scène gastronomique, d’en préciser les attributs et les originalités et d’en montrer les enjeux.
Une campagne de pétitions royaliste pour la libération de la duchesse de Berry (novembre 1832-juin 1833)
Authors: Derennes Éric
Published: December 2021

Au printemps 1832, la duchesse de Berry entreprit de remettre son fils, le duc de Bordeaux – éphémère Henri V des royalistes –, sur le trône. Elle tenta vainement de soulever le Midi, puis l’Ouest. Son échec militaire consommé, elle se réfugia à Nantes où elle fut arrêtée, puis transférée en détention dans la citadelle de Blaye. Dès lors, une campagne de pétitions fut engagée par les légitimistes qui réclamaient notamment sa libération. De la mi-novembre 1832 au début de juin 1833 à l’adresse de la Chambre des députés et à la fin d’avril 1833 à l’attention de la Chambre des pairs, plus de 37 700 signatures couvrirent des dizaines de pétitions. Les fonds archivistiques des Chambres montrent la vitalité de la pétition au début de la Monarchie de Juillet. L’usage du droit de pétition oscille ici entre un appel à la puissance publique et un moyen de pression politique sur le gouvernement. La faiblesse du nombre de signataires empêcha que cette campagne pétitionnaire aboutît. Elle permet néanmoins d’appréhender la répartition des populations légitimistes et en confirme le caractère sociologique interclassiste. À travers quelques thèmes dominants du verbe pétitionnaire (la mise en liberté de la prisonnière, le respect de la loi, l’appel au peuple…), la société légitimiste dans sa diversité saisit cette opportunité pour faire entendre son opposition à la monarchie de Juillet. Elle manifesta sa foi inébranlable dans une femme qu’elle éleva au statut d’héroïne et, l’espace de quelques mois, en qui elle plaça les espérances de la dynastie déchue.
Archives en scène. La sortie de guerre des élites rémoises à la fin de la guerre de Cent Ans (1429-1438)
Authors: Melin Emmanuel
Published: December 2021

En 1429, après une période passée sous domination bourguignonne et des rivalités institutionnelles importantes, les élites rémoises rallient le dauphin qui doit entrer dans la cité pour s’y faire sacrer. Elles se lancent alors dans un effort de conservation, tout particulièrement les échevins qui mettent en scène la conservation de leurs archives. En urgence, ils font aménager de toutes pièces un dépôt d’archives où les titres sont déménagés et qui doit être montré au prince dont ils anticipent l’inspection. Dans le même temps, ils font produire un volumineux cartulaire de tous les privilèges de la ville pour disposer d’un outil de consultation des documents. En enchaînant ce Livre blanc au buffet de l’échevinage où les gouvernants délibèrent, ils manifestent leur légitimité par les privilèges dont ils sont garants. L’article vise à comprendre comment les échevins ont manifesté et reconstruit une légitimité politique en instrumentalisant leurs archives pour faire de la bonne conservation l’expression du bon gouvernement. Cette mise en scène participe d’une intégration toujours plus étroite de l’écrit à l’identité institutionnelle et sociale d’une élite qui fait du ralliement au roi une manifestation d’un honneur social et politique.
Convertir et reconvertir son zèle. Parcours d’anciens élèves du collège de Clermont après la victoire d’Henri IV
Authors: Buttay Florence
Published: December 2021

Cette contribution propose de suivre, après la victoire d’Henri IV, le parcours de quelques fils de ligueurs parisiens ayant fait leurs classes au collège de Clermont. Des recherches récentes ont permis de montrer l’engagement des professeurs du collège dans une pédagogie de combat, au service de la cause ultra-catholique, dans les années 1590. Les cas retenus, très différents, permettent de poser le problème de ce qui reste d’une éducation militante une fois la paix revenue et de ce que l’historien peut en apercevoir à travers les sources de l’époque moderne, moins riches que celles dont l’historien des conflits contemporains peut disposer.
Le château en sortie de guerre : les élites face à de nouveaux enjeux (France du Nord-Est, 1918-v. 1925)
Authors: de Saint-Vaast Pierrick
Published: December 2021

La période de sortie de guerre concerne au premier chef les propriétaires châtelains touchés par la Première Guerre mondiale dans le nord-est de la France. Elle soulève de nombreux défis qui les obligent à s’adapter et à improviser. Les décisions ne vont pas toujours de soi pour les propriétaires de bâtisses d’exception aux caractéristiques variées et empreintes d’une histoire parfois pluriséculaire. La pertinence domaniale devient alors un véritable enjeu qui nécessite d’analyser en profondeur les composantes domaniales, qu’elles soient matérielles ou symboliques. Décider de l’avenir du domaine dépend en effet du degré d’investissement et de la capacité des châtelains à remettre en état des domaines fortement éprouvés. Faire face aux singularités des processus administratifs et humains complexes confronte également les châtelains à leur propre système de valeurs et de représentations. De fait, la patrimonialisation est révélatrice des modalités selon lesquelles les propriétaires ont appréhendé les atteintes commises envers leurs demeures.
Exchange bias, and coercivity investigations in hematite nanoparticles
Authors: Narayanaswamy Venkatesha ,   Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, UAE, Al-Omari Imaddin A. , Kamzin Aleksandr. S. , Gopi Chandu V. V. Muralee , Khaleel Abbas , Alaabed Sulaiman , Issa Bashar , Obaidat Ihab M. ,   Department of Physics, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Muscat PC 123, Sultanate of Oman,   Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia,   Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, UAE,   Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, UAE,   Department of Geology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, UAE,   Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, UAE
Published: December 2021

Hematite nanoparticles of average size of 20 nm were synthesized using sol-gel method and the structural characterisations were conducted using XRD and TEM. The XRD profile revealed the coexistence of small fraction of maghemite phase along with the main hematite phase. Magnetization versus applied field (M-H) measurements were performed between −5 and 5 T and respectively in the temperatures 2, 10, 30, 50, 70,100,150,200, and 300 K under zero field and 1, 2, 3, 4 T field cooling. At all field-cooling values, the coercivity was found to display a weak temperatures dependence below 150 K and a strong increase above 150 K reaching the largest value of 3352 Oe at 300 K for the field-cooling value of 3 T. Horizontal and vertical hysteresis loop shifts were observed at all temperatures in both the zero-field and field-cooled states. In the field-cooled state, both loop shifts where found to have significant and nonmonotonic field-cooling dependences. However, because saturation magnetization was not attained in all measurements our calculations were based on the minor hysteresis loops. M-H measurements were performed between −9 and 9 T at room temperature under zero field cooling and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 T field cooling. Saturation magnetization was not attained, and the loops displayed loop shifts similar to those for the ±5 T sweeping field. The highest coercivity value of 4400 Oe is observed for the 6 T field cooled MH loop. The ferromagnetic (FM) contribution towards the total magnetization was separated from the total magnetization and hysteresis loops displayed both horizontal and vertical shifts. The novel results of the temperature and field dependence of exchange bias were attributed mainly to the magnetic exchange coupling between the different magnetic phases (mainly the FM) and the spin-glass-like regions.
Long time behavior of higher-order delay differential equation with vanishing proportional delay and its convergence analysis using spectral method
Authors: Ali Ishtiaq ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Postcode 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2021

Delay differential equations (DDEs) are used to model some realistic systems as they provide some information about the past state of the systems in addition to the current state. These DDEs are used to analyze the long-time behavior of the system at both present and past state of such systems. Due to the oscillatory nature of DDEs their explicit solution is not possible and therefore one need to use some numerical approaches. In this article, we developed a higher-order numerical scheme for the approximate solution of higher-order functional differential equations of pantograph type with vanishing proportional delays. Some linear and functional transformations are used to change the given interval [0, T] into standard interval [-1, 1] in order to fully use the properties of orthogonal polynomials. It is assumed that the solution of the equation is smooth on the entire domain of interval of integration. The proposed scheme is employed to the equivalent integrated form of the given equation. A Legendre spectral collocation method relative to Gauss-Legendre quadrature formula is used to evaluate the integral term efficiently. A detail theoretical convergence analysis in L∞ norm is provided. Several numerical experiments were performed to confirm the theoretical results.
Two self-adaptive inertial projection algorithms for solving split variational inclusion problems
Authors: Zhou Zheng ,   Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China, Tan Bing , Li Songxiao
Published: December 2021

This paper is to analyze the approximation solution of a split variational inclusion problem in the framework of Hilbert spaces. For this purpose, inertial hybrid and shrinking projection algorithms are proposed under the effect of a self-adaptive stepsize which does not require information of the norms of the given operators. The strong convergence properties of the proposed algorithms are obtained under mild constraints. Finally, a numerical experiment is given to illustrate the performance of proposed methods and to compare our algorithms with an existing algorithm.
A stochastic mathematical model of two different infectious epidemic under vertical transmission
Authors: Wang Xunyang ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China, Huang Canyun , Hao Yixin , Shi Qihong ,   State Grid Gansu Electric Power Research Institute, Lanzhou 730070, China
Published: December 2021

In this study, considering the effect of environment perturbation which is usually embodied by the alteration of contact infection rate, we formulate a stochastic epidemic mathematical model in which two different kinds of infectious diseases that spread simultaneously through both horizontal and vertical transmission are described. To indicate our model is well-posed and of biological significance, we prove the existence and uniqueness of positive solution at the beginning. By constructing suitable $ Lyapunov $ functions (which can be used to prove the stability of a certain fixed point in a dynamical system or autonomous differential equation) and applying $ It\hat{o} $'s formula as well as $ Chebyshev $'s inequality, we also establish the sufficient conditions for stochastic ultimate boundedness. Furthermore, when some main parameters and all the stochastically perturbed intensities satisfy a certain relationship, we finally prove the stochastic permanence. Our results show that the perturbed intensities should be no greater than a certain positive number which is up-bounded by some parameters in the system, otherwise, the system will be surely extinct. The reliability of theoretical results are further illustrated by numerical simulations. Finally, in the discussion section, we put forward two important and interesting questions left for further investigation.
Perfect hypercomplex algebras: Semi-tensor product approach
Authors: Cheng Daizhan ,   Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, AMSS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Ji Zhengping , Feng Jun-e , Fu Shihua , Zhao Jianli ,   School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, China,   Research Center of Semi-tensor Product of Matrices: Theory and Appllications, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
Published: December 2021

The set of associative and commutative hypercomplex numbers, called the perfect hypercomplex algebras (PHAs) is investigated. Necessary and sufficient conditions for an algebra to be a PHA via semi-tensor product (STP) of matrices are reviewed. The zero sets are defined for non-invertible hypercomplex numbers in a given PHA, and characteristic functions are proposed for calculating zero sets. Then PHA of various dimensions are considered. First, classification of $ 2 $-dimensional PHAs are investigated. Second, all the $ 3 $-dimensional PHAs are obtained and the corresponding zero sets are calculated. Finally, $ 4 $- and higher dimensional PHAs are also considered.
El avance de la gentrificación en Barcelona y Madrid, 2011-2019: análisis socioespacial a partir de un índice de gentrificación
Authors: López-Gay Antonio , Sales-Favà Joan , Solana-Solana Miguel , Fernández Ana , Peralta Andrés
Published: December 2021

Las causas y los efectos de la gentrificación han recibido en los últimos años una amplia cobertura por parte de investigadores, administraciones públicas, entidades sociales y medios de comunicación, entre otros. Pese a todo, aún disponemos de poca evidencia cuantitativa que permita diseccionar la diversidad de elementos sociodemográficos que han intervenido en los procesos de gentrificación de las ciudades españolas. En el presente artículo queremos contribuir a ampliar este tipo de aproximación a través de dos ejes principales de análisis. En primer lugar, calculamos un índice de gentrificación que mide la intensidad de los procesos de transformación sociodemográfica en los barrios de Barcelona y Madrid desde 2011 hasta 2019 con base en datos homogéneos de stock (lecturas del padrón municipal) y de flujos (registros de cambios de domicilio y migraciones). En segundo lugar, comparamos los patrones espaciales del índice y exploramos las similitudes y singularidades con las que se ha manifestado la gentrificación a partir de los siguientes ejes de análisis, asociados a la vulnerabilidad social de los barrios: (i) perfil de los nuevos habitantes, (ii) expulsión y desplazamiento de la población y (iii) velocidad del cambio poblacional. Los resultados muestran la expansión de la gentrificación hacia áreas que habían permanecido ajenas a estas dinámicas, así como la existencia de rasgos distintivos en los procesos de ambas ciudades.
Video Introduction to Issue 13
Authors: Hodgson Andrew
Published: December 2021

This issue of Angles investigates experimentation in anglophone artistic production in post-war British literature and film.
Analysis of Human Interactive Accounting Management Information Systems Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Qiu Jin
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: With the gradual improvement of market economy, people' s consumption level is constantly improving, and the quality requirements are getting higher and higher. OBJECTIVES: In order to study the management accounting information analysis platform based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and realize the goal of accounting computerization, the application of AI in expert system is applied to the field of accounting information analysis. METHODS: The combination of subsystems is applied to the construction of AI accounting information Web system, and the feasibility analysis of its theory and technology is carried out. RESULTS: The results show that its effect is obvious: accelerating the flow of all information and promoting the change of enterprise management mode. Moreover, compared with the traditional system algorithm, the accuracy of the system model is improved by 6% and the time delay is reduced by 9ms, which makes the overall management level of the enterprise further improved, the scope of enterprise competition further expanded, the cost of enterprise saved
How do Market Orientation and Learning Orientation Impact on Born Global Firm Performance? The Synergistic Effect
Authors: Herath H. M. T. S.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine how Market Orientation (MO) and Learning Orientation (LO) influence the international performance of born global firms and to enrich the existing literature with empirical evidence from an emerging country context, Sri Lanka, yet an inclusive research area. The findings of the study were analyzed using 225 ICT export entrepreneurs in Sri Lanka, and the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The findings reveal that MO and LO significantly influence the international performance of born global firms, and further, it found that LO mediates the MO-Performance relationship, confirming the synergistic effect. The paper then discusses the managerial implications of the findings of the study.
IL-17/IL-17 Receptor Pathway–Mediated Inflammatory Response in Apostichopus japonicus Supports the Conserved Functions of Cytokines in Invertebrates
Authors: Lv Zhimeng , Guo Ming , Zhao Xuelin , Shao Yina , Zhang Weiwei , Li Chenghua
Published: December 2021

Inflammation participates in host defenses against infectious agents and contributes to the pathophysiology of many diseases. IL-17 is a well-known proinflammatory cytokine that contributes to various aspects of inflammation in vertebrates. However, the functional role of invertebrate IL-17 in inflammatory regulation is not well understood. In this study, we first established an inflammatory model in the Vibrio splendidus–challenged sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Echinodermata). Typical inflammatory symptoms, such as increased coelomocyte infiltration, tissue vacuoles, and tissue fractures, were observed in the V. splendidus–infected and diseased tissue of the body wall. Interestingly, A. japonicus IL-17 (AjIL-17) expression in the body wall and coelomocytes was positively correlated with the development of inflammation. The administration of purified recombinant AjIL-17 protein also directly promoted inflammation in A. japonicus. Through genome searches and ZDOCK prediction, a novel IL-17R counterpart containing FNIII and hypothetical TIR domains was identified in the sea cucumber genome. Coimmunoprecipitation, far-Western blotting, and laser confocal microscopy confirmed that AjIL-17R could bind AjIL-17. A subsequent cross-linking assay revealed that the AjIL-17 dimer mediates the inflammatory response by the specific binding of dimeric AjIL-17R upon pathogen infection. Moreover, silencing AjIL-17R significantly attenuated the LPS- or exogenous AjIL-17–mediated inflammatory response. Functional analysis revealed that AjIL-17/AjIL-17R modulated inflammatory responses by promoting A. japonicus TRAF6 ubiquitination and p65 nuclear translocation and evenly mediated coelomocyte proliferation and migration. Taken together, our results provide functional evidence that IL-17 is a conserved cytokine in invertebrates and vertebrates associated with inflammatory regulation via the IL-17–IL-17R–TRAF6 axis.
Nemo-Dependent, ATM-Mediated Signals from RAG DNA Breaks at Igk Feedback Inhibit V
κ Recombination to Enforce Igκ Allelic Exclusion
Authors: Glynn Rebecca A , Bassing Craig H
Published: December 2021

Monoallelic AgR gene expression underlies specific adaptive immune responses. AgR allelic exclusion is achieved by sequential initiation of V(D)J recombination between alleles and resultant protein from one allele signaling to prevent recombination of the other. The ATM kinase, a regulator of the DNA double-strand break (DSB) response, helps enforce allelic exclusion through undetermined mechanisms. ATM promotes repair of RAG1/RAG2 (RAG) endonuclease-induced DSBs and transduces signals from RAG DSBs during Igk gene rearrangement on one allele to transiently inhibit RAG1 protein expression, Igk accessibility, and RAG cleavage of the other allele. Yet, the relative contributions of ATM functions in DSB repair versus signaling to enforce AgR allelic exclusion remain undetermined. In this study, we demonstrate that inactivation in mouse pre–B cells of the NF-κB essential modulator (Nemo) protein, an effector of ATM signaling, diminishes RAG DSB–triggered repression of Rag1/Rag2 transcription and Igk accessibility but does not result in aberrant repair of RAG DSBs like ATM inactivation. We show that Nemo deficiency increases simultaneous biallelic Igk cleavage in pre–B cells and raises the frequency of B cells expressing Igκ proteins from both alleles. In contrast, the incidence of biallelic Igκ expression is not elevated by inactivation of the SpiC transcriptional repressor, which is induced by RAG DSBs in an ATM-dependent manner and suppresses Igk accessibility. Thus, we conclude that Nemo-dependent, ATM-mediated DNA damage signals enforce Igκ allelic exclusion by orchestrating transient repression of RAG expression and feedback inhibition of additional Igk rearrangements in response to RAG cleavage on one Igk allele.
The Immunomodulatory Enzyme IDO2 Mediates Autoimmune Arthritis through a Nonenzymatic Mechanism
Authors: Merlo Lauren M F , Peng Weidan , DuHadaway James B , Montgomery James D , Prendergast George C , Muller Alexander J , Mandik-Nayak Laura
Published: December 2021

IDO2 is one of two closely related tryptophan catabolizing enzymes induced under inflammatory conditions. In contrast to the immunoregulatory role defined for IDO1 in cancer models, IDO2 has a proinflammatory function in models of autoimmunity and contact hypersensitivity. In humans, two common single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified that severely impair IDO2 enzymatic function, such that <25% of individuals express IDO2 with full catalytic potential. This, together with IDO2’s relatively weak enzymatic activity, suggests that IDO2 may have a role outside of its function in tryptophan catabolism. To determine whether the enzymatic activity of IDO2 is required for its proinflammatory function, we used newly generated catalytically inactive IDO2 knock-in mice together with established models of contact hypersensitivity and autoimmune arthritis. Contact hypersensitivity was attenuated in catalytically inactive IDO2 knock-in mice. In contrast, induction of autoimmune arthritis was unaffected by the absence of IDO2 enzymatic activity. In pursuing this nonenzymatic IDO2 function, we identified GAPDH, Runx1, RANbp10, and Mgea5 as IDO2-binding proteins that do not interact with IDO1, implicating them as potential mediators of IDO2-specific function. Taken together, our findings identify a novel function for IDO2, independent of its tryptophan catabolizing activity, and suggest that this nonenzymatic function could involve multiple signaling pathways. These data show that the enzymatic activity of IDO2 is required only for some inflammatory immune responses and provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence of a nonenzymatic role for IDO2 in mediating autoimmune disease.
Abdominal skin subcutaneous fat thickness over the gestational period in Korean pregnant women: a descriptive observational study
Authors: Hwang Moon Sook
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Although insulin is usually injected into the abdominal subcutaneous fat, in pregnancy women tend to avoid abdominal injections due to concern about fetal damage. Prior studies have been limited to only measuring skin-subcutaneous fat thickness (S-ScFT) at one site at specific pregnancy points. This study aimed to measure S-ScFT across several abdominal sites and over the gestational period in Korean pregnant women. This can identify which site would be relatively safe for subcutaneous injection during pregnancy. Methods: Healthy women over 24 weeks of pregnancy in Korea were invited to voluntarily participate in this descriptive study. For the 142 women, S-ScFT of 12 sites in the abdomen were measured by ultrasound, several times over the pregnancy. Each incidence was treated as a case and a total of 262 cases were analyzed.Results: The mean S-ScFT during pregnancy was 1.14±0.47 cm (1.25±0.54 cm at 24+0–27+6 weeks; 1.17±0.48 cm at 28+0–31+6 weeks; 1.09+0.40 cm at 32+0–35+6 weeks; and 1.06±0.47 cm at 36+0–40 weeks of pregnancy). Most S-ScFT were thicker than 10 mm. But S-ScFTs in the lateral abdomen and some sites were suboptimal (<6 mm), especially in the pre-pregnancy underweight body mass index group, who had a high rate of suboptimal thickness (27.1% overall and 33.9% in the lateral side). Conclusion: The whole abdomen seems to be appropriate for subcutaneous injection in most pregnant Korean women, with a 4 to 5-mm short needle. However, for the lateral abdomen, making the skin fold might be needed for fetal safety.
Sustainability in Transformation of Maternal Mortality by Interaction Based Approach in Dairi, Indonesia
Authors: Manik Henry , Triyoga Rika Subarniati , Siregar Muhammad Fidel Ganis , Rochadi R. Kintoko , Poddar Sandeep
Published: December 2021

Background

Health and mortality problems are closely related to the maternal mortality rate (MMR). Efforts to reduce MMR have been carried out by many countries, including the Indonesian government.

Design and Methods

This research was conducted using two approaches, namely quantitative and qualitative or mixed methods and 149 respondents and 26 informants, to reduce MMR in Dairi Regency. This study was also carried out to determine the dominant variable that affects mother's behavior in an effort to reduce MMR in accordance with the existing theory.

Result

Mother's intention to contribute to the reduction of MMR in this study was influenced by the good factor directly or indirectly. This is indicated by the score p<0.005. The study also shows that it is very important for the health workers to be able to communicate well with individuals and communities.

Conclusion

The present study will help to reduce maternal fatalities, and will help to build systems and processes that will allow control the behaviour of the pregnant women and determine the cause of death as well as its contributing factors.