bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Large Language Models in Health Care: Applications, Challenges, and Future Outlook (Preprint)
Authors: AlSaad Rawan , Abd-alrazaq Alaa , Boughorbel Sabri , Ahmed Arfan , Renault Max-Antoine , Damseh Rafat , Sheikh Javaid
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

In the complex and multidimensional field of medicine, multimodal data are prevalent and crucial for informed clinical decisions. Multimodal data span a broad spectrum of data types, including medical images (eg, MRI and CT scans), time-series data (eg, sensor data from wearable devices and electronic health records), audio recordings (eg, heart and respiratory sounds and patient interviews), text (eg, clinical notes and research articles), videos (eg, surgical procedures), and omics data (eg, genomics and proteomics). While advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled new applications for knowledge retrieval and processing in the medical field, most LLMs remain limited to processing unimodal data, typically text-based content, and often overlook the importance of integrating the diverse data modalities encountered in clinical practice. This paper aims to present a detailed, practical, and solution-oriented perspective on the use of multimodal LLMs (M-LLMs) in the medical field. Our investigation spanned M-LLM foundational principles, current and potential applications, technical and ethical challenges, and future research directions. By connecting these elements, we aimed to provide a comprehensive framework that links diverse aspects of M-LLMs, offering a unified vision for their future in health care. This approach aims to guide both future research and practical implementations of M-LLMs in health care, positioning them as a paradigm shift toward integrated, multimodal data–driven medical practice. We anticipate that this work will spark further discussion and inspire the development of innovative approaches in the next generation of medical M-LLM systems.
How adults with diabetes use new technologies to support diabetes self-management: A mixed methods study (Preprint)
Authors: Bober Timothy , Garvin Sophia , Krall Jodi , Zupa Margaret , Low Carissa , Rosland Ann-Marie
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

New technologies like mobile applications (apps), continuous glucose monitors (CGM), and activity trackers are available to support adults with diabetes (AWD) but it is not clear how these tools are used together for diabetes self-management. This mixed-methods study assessed how AWD use technology to relate health behaviors to glucose and diabetes self-management goals.

OBJECTIVE

To understand how AWD use new technologies like apps, CGMs, and activity trackers in daily diabetes self-management.

METHODS

61 adults aged 18-70 with type 1 or 2 diabetes who used at least one diabetes medication responded to an online survey about health app and monitor use in six categories: glucose, diet, exercise/activity, weight, sleep, and stress. Digital health literacy was assessed using the Digital Health Care Literacy Scale (DHLS), and general health literacy using the Brief Health Literacy Screener (BHLS). 18 respondents also completed semi-structured interviews examining how these technologies were and could be used to support daily diabetes self-management.

RESULTS

Survey respondents were 34% Black, 38% female, and 48% were ≥45 years old. 72% had tType II 2 dDiabetes, 59% used insulin, and 56% had used a CGM. On average, respondents had high levels of digital and general health literacy. 87% used at least 1 health app; 59% had used an activity tracker; and 47% had used apps to track at least 3 separate health behaviors. CGM and non-CGM users used non-CGM health apps at similar rates (57% vs. 60%). Wearable activity tracker use was also similar between those using CGM vs. not (61% vs. 64%). Participants also reported sharing self-monitored data with their providers at similar rates across age groups (53% for those aged 18-44 vs. 55% for those aged 45-70, p = 0.873). Interviewees described using glucose-tracking apps to personalize dietary choices, but less often used data from other apps or activity monitors to meet other diabetes self-management goals. For apps to be helpful for diabetes self-management, interviewees desired data that was passively collected, relevant to personal self-management priorities, easily integrated across monitors/data sources, and visually presented, and .tailorable to personal self-management priorities.

CONCLUSIONS

Adults with diabetes commonly used apps and wearable activity monitors to track multiple behaviors that impact diabetes self-management, often alongside glucose monitor use, but found it challenging to link tracked behaviors to their glycemic and diabetes self-management goals. Findings indicate there are untapped opportunities to integrate data from apps and monitors to support patient-centered diabetes self-management.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Strategies to Design and Implement Equity-Informed Health Information Networks: Reflections from Health Equity Experts Focus Groups (Preprint)
Authors: Salemi Alejandra , Foye Jillian , Osude Nkiru , Sai Ashna , Arbor Sage , Thoumi Andrea , O'Brien Emily
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Health information networks (HINs) are often the first stop for people seeking to understand medical conditions. When enhanced with artificial intelligence (AI), these platforms have the potential to make a positive impact on health decision-making.

OBJECTIVE

Effective HINs must ensure that AI-generated summaries are based on reputable sources, that the platform content is regularly updated, external links are intact, and new research is integrated in a timely manner as science evolves.

METHODS

We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured focus group interviews with eight key health equity experts from rural communities, immigrant populations, and those with disabilities. The goal was to explore considerations for embedding health equity principles into the design and implementation of HINs.

RESULTS

Focus groups identified four key themes that are essential for advancing health equity within AI-powered HINs: (1) Account for platform accessibility, (2) engage communities across all phases of development, (3) build in trustworthiness to avoid biases, and (4) make health information actionable.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study highlights the importance of integrating health equity principles into the development of AI-powered HINs to address existing disparities and promote inclusive access to healthcare resources. By prioritizing accessibility, community engagement, trustworthiness, and actionable information, platform developers can create HINs that leverage emerging technologies and empower users to make informed decisions about their health and well-being.
Abstract Addressing the Socio-Emotional Dimension of Medical education: A Scoping Review Protocol of Student-Driven Development Strategies (Preprint)
Authors: Martins Cintia , Ribeiro Filho Marco Antônio , Capobianco Santos Christian Guilherme , Altrão lorino Luana Ribeiro , Souza Menezes João Daniel , Querino Silva Matheus , Santos Loiane Letícia , Araújo Pereira Vinícius , Santos Emerson Roberto , Almeida Arnaldo Silva Rodrigues Castro Natalia , Landin Gonçalves Cristóvão Helena , Santos Júnior Randolfo , Araújo Filho Gerardo Maria , Silva Fucuta Patrícia , Abreu Lima Alba Regina , Sabadoto Brienze Vânia Maria , Móz Vaz Oliani Denise Cristina , Micelli Domingues Neide Aparecida , Oliveira Santos Miyazaki Maria Cristina , César André Júlio
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The current international context, marked by complex global challenges, necessitates the rapid intervention of Higher Education Institutions to contribute to social transformation. Medical education, in particular, is undergoing significant changes influenced by various factors, including the evolving healthcare environment and shifting social expectations. Socio-emotional skills are increasingly recognized as essential competencies for medical professionals, contributing to better patient care, improved communication, and enhanced teamwork.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature on strategies employed by medical students to develop and promote their socio-emotional skills in academic and hospital settings

METHODS

The review will be conducted according to the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the results will be presented in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR. The review will focus on medical students as the population of interest, with the concept being competency development or promotion strategies used to enhance socio-emotional skills, and the context being strategies employed in academic and hospital environments.

RESULTS

A narrative synthesis with summary tables will be used to describe our findings.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this review may have significant implications for medical education curricula, informing the integration of socio-emotional skill development alongside traditional medical knowledge and technical skills. Furthermore, the review may uncover gaps in the existing literature, highlighting areas that require further research and investigation. By synthesizing the available evidence, this scoping review will contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the importance of socio-emotional skills in medical education and support the development of well-equipped medical professionals.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/zm6ba.
Pola konsumsi, konsumsi gula, dan status gizi pada wanita usia 35-55 tahun di Desa Batur, Kecamatan Getasan
Authors: Karwur Ferry Fredy , Prameshwari Deshinta , Rayanti Rosiana Eva
Published: September 2024

Consumption pattern, sugar intake, and nutritional status of women aged 35-55 years in Batur Village, Getasan DistrictBackground: According to the Individual Food Consumption Survey of Central Java Province, residents consume an average of 22.9 grams of food from sugar, syrup, and confectionary groups daily, with sugar alone accounting for 20.2 grams. Sweet foods and beverages like sweet tea, tofu, and tempeh are commonly consumed in Central Java. Objective: The study assesses consumption patterns, sugar intake, and nutritional status (including anthropometric measurements, blood sugar levels, fasting blood sugar levels, uric acid levels, and blood pressure) of native Javanese women aged 35-55 in Batur, Getasan. Method: This quantitative research uses a descriptive approach with a sample of 106 women: 48 from Krangkeng village (lower), 22 from Kalitengah village (middle), and 36 from Tekelan village (upper). Research tools include SQ-FFQ, 24-hour food recall, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical and clinical examinations. Results: Food consumption frequency and quantity are highest in Krangkeng village. The average daily sugar consumption per person across all villages is 21.46±10.19 grams, equivalent to an average household purchase of 3,359.43±1,509.13 grams per month (about 3 kg per month per family). Types of sugar consumed include glucose (106.98±30.64 g/day), fructose (5.64±7.99 g/day), sucrose (102.18±23.75 g/day), and lactose (1.98±8.38 g/day). Average measurements for BMI, blood sugar, fasting blood sugar, uric acid, and blood pressure fall within normal ranges for women of this age group. Conclusion: Krangkeng village shows higher food consumption rates, likely due to more access to food supplies. Average daily sugar consumption remains below recommended levels (25 g/day). Overall, the women surveyed's nutritional status, biochemical, and clinical profiles are generally within normal range.
Olfactory Response of Diaphorina citri to Guava Leaves Powder
Authors: Poerwanto Mofit Eko , Solichah Chimayatus , Wicaksono Danar , Ulilalbab Azizah Ridha , Ajri Miftahul
Published: September 2024

Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration (CVPD) is transmitted by the insect vector Diaphorina citri is still a major obstacle to world citrus production. Vector handling still relies on chemical insecticides which are not environmentally friendly and less effective. This study was conducted to identify the ability of dried guava leaf extract in reducing the olfactory response of D. citri. Y-tube olfactory test was conducted to identify the repellency effect of a mixture of citrus leaf extract and guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extract at various leaf ages and in various proportions to vector and its predator (Menochilus sexmaculatus). The results showed that guava leaves had a repellent effect on D. citri, but not on M. sexmaculatus. The repellant effect was higher on young guava leaves than on medium and old ones. Red guava leaves have a highest repellant effect than white guava and non-seed guava leaves. Guava leaf extract is an alternative means to control D. citri. However, the types of compounds that function as repellants need to be studied further.
The Process and Perspective of Industrial Management in Developing Economies: Iran’s Experience
Authors: Taleghani Mohammad , Sola Mohammadreza Jabreilzadeh
Published: September 2024

This article explores the processes and perspectives of industrial management in developing economies, focusing on the unique case of Iran. The research examines how historical, economic, and political contexts influence industrial management practices in Iran post-Islamic Revolution (1979-present). Through a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative surveys, case studies, and expert interviews, the study reveals the adaptive strategies employed by Iranian industrial managers to navigate extensive challenges such as international sanctions, political instability, and economic isolation. Key themes identified include the integration of hybrid management models that blend traditional values with modern practices, the impact of government policies on local industry, and the persistent challenges associated with workforce retention and talent management. Furthermore, the findings highlight an emerging culture of innovation within Iranian industries, indicating a shift toward technological advancements despite external pressures. The research underscores the resilience of Iranian managers, illustrating their commitment to aligning with global market trends while adapting strategies to local conditions. Ultimately, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of industrial management in developing economies and provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to enhance industrial effectiveness in Iran and similar contexts.
La química verde en la síntesis de nanopartículas y sus propiedades antibacterianas
Authors: Álvarez-Chimal Rafael , Arenas-Alatorre Jesús Ángel , Marichi-Rodríguez Francisco , Correa-Prado Rodrigo , Álvarez-Pérez Marco Antonio
Published: September 2024

Lo primero en mente cuando escuchamos sobre nanopartículas es su tamaño extremadamente pequeño o su amplia gama de aplicaciones, pero pocas veces nos enfocamos en su síntesis, siendo esto lo más importante, porque desde ahí se determinan sus tamaños y propiedades. Para sintetizarlas hay muchos procedimientos, desde los que requieren el uso de reactivos peligrosos o tiempos largos hasta los amigables con el ambiente, siendo la química verde uno de esos métodos, el cual está tomando relevancia por su facilidad, rapidez y sustentabilidad. Este enfoque utiliza recursos naturales y compuestos bioactivos actuando como agentes reductores, estabilizadores y de recubrimiento, haciendo el proceso más eficiente en prácticamente un solo paso. Entre las diversas propiedades comprobadas a las nanopartículas está su capacidad antibacteriana, demostrando que, al interactuar con las bacterias, desencadenan procesos que culminan con la eliminación del microrganismo. Este artículo da una perspectiva general sobre la química verde y cómo es utilizada para sintetizar nanopartículas, profundizando en los diferentes recursos disponibles para este procedimiento, los factores que influyen en la síntesis, además de las propiedades antibacterianas atribuidas a estos nanomateriales.
Nanopartículas en el control de insectos y ácaros plaga
Authors: Ontiveros-Guerra José Guadalupe , Hernández- Juárez Agustín , Ramírez-Barrón Sonia Noemí , Chacón-Hernández Julio César
Published: September 2024

La producción agrícola a nivel mundial es cada día más demandante. Dentro de las principales limitantes para la producción de alimentos encontramos los artrópodos plaga (insectos y ácaros), causantes de afectaciones importantes a los cultivos, directamente a la producción y rendimiento. Los insectos y ácaros fitófagos representan una fuerte amenaza para los cultivos agrícolas, ocasionando grandes pérdidas económicas. El control químico, uno de los más usados para el manejo de plagas y ácaros, ha ocasionado problemas de resistencia en diferentes tipos de plagas, ha afectado la salud humana y animal, así como también a especies no blanco y beneficiosas. En los últimos años, se han explorado diferentes alternativas de la nanotecnología para el manejo y control de los principales grupos de insectos y ácaros plaga. En esta revisión expondremos y debatiremos el rol de las nanopartículas (NPs) como herramientas en el control y manejo de las principales especies de insectos y ácaros plaga.
Studi Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Bubuk Kopi dari Biji Cacat Hitam Kopi Robusta dengan Perbedaan Suhu Penyangraian
Authors: Anggraini Arisca Putri , Damat Damat , Manshur Hanif Alamudin
Published: September 2024

This research studied the effect of the level of black coffee bean defects and roasting temperature on the physicochemical content of coffee powder and the organoleptic content of robusta coffee brewing. This research used a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications. Parameters in this study, namely moisture content, ash content, pH, caffeine content, color intensity, and sensory. Data analysis in this research used ANOVA at the 5% level and a DMRT follow-up test. The research result show that there is an interaction between the treatment of the type of defective beans and roasting temperature on moisture content, ash, pH, color intensity of robusta coffee powder, and organoleptic brewing of robusta coffee. Different types of defective beans significantly affected the moisture content, ash, pH, caffeine, and color intensity of robusta coffee powder, while differences in roasting temperature significantly affected the water content, ash, pH, caffeine, and color intensity of robusta coffee powder. The best treatment for all physicochemical and organoleptic parameters is partially black beans with a roasting temperature of 180 °C.
Pengaruh Formulasi Tepung Mocaf dan Tepung Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) Terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Dan Organoleptik Donat Bomboloni Gluten Free
Authors: Ardhani Reza Fadilah , Anggriani Rista , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan tepung mocaf dan tepung sorgum terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia dan organoleptik donat bomboloni serta mengetahui perlakuan terbaik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) sederhana dengan formulasi rasio antara penggunaan tepung mocaf dan tepung sorgum yang terdiri dari 6 taraf, yaitu P1 (60 gram Tepung Mocaf dan 10 gram Tepung Sorgum), P2 (50 gram Tepung Mocaf dan 20 gram Tepung Sorgum), P3 (40 gram Tepung Mocaf dan 30 gram Tepung Sorgum), P4 (30 gram Tepung Mocaf dan 40 gram Tepung Sorgum), P5 (20 gram Tepung Mocaf dan 50 gram Tepung Sorgum), dan P6 Kontrol (50 gram Tepung Terigu). Pada penelitian ini setiap perlakuannya dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 4 kali dan dilakukan pengujian karakteristik kimia meliputi kadar air, kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar serat, kadar gula reduksi, daya serap minyak, daya kembang, porositas, intensitas warna, dan organoleptik (rasa, warna, aroma, tekstur, keseluruhan). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik atau ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) pada α = 5%. Presentase penggunaan tepung mocaf dan tepung sorgum memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar protein, kadar serat, kadar gula reduksi, daya kembang, porositas, dan intensitas warna. Formulasi donat bomboloni terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan P1 (60 gram Tepung Mocaf dan 10 gram Tepung Sorgum) yang menghasilkan kadar air dan lemak yang masih memenuhi SNI donat yakni SNI 01-2000.
Indonesian Banking Financial Performance on Profitability Using Panel Data Regression
Authors: Setya Muhammad Setya Pratama , Afriansyah Riki , Pidaryani
Published: September 2024

This study's goal is to determine if the return on assets (ROA) variable posted on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, together with the loan-to-deposit ratio (LDR), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), and non-performing loans (NPL), are correlated with profitability. The impact of return on assets (ROA) factors on the banking sector is investigated in this study. The research used a data sample of 245 from 49 financial institutions that have continuously fulfilled the necessary data requirements for a minimum of five years. Panel data, testing of panel data, testing of classical assumptions, and multiple regression analysis employing econometric views (E-views 12) are among the chosen analytical techniques. The ROA variable is unaffected by the LDR variable's t-test findings. In a similar vein, the ROA variable is unaffected by the t-test findings for the CAR variable. Moreover, the ROA variable is unaffected by the NPL variable's t-test findings. Nonetheless, the ROA variable is concurrently impacted by the LDR, CAR, and NPL factors.
Corporate governance and firm’s value: An empirical study in listed companies in the emerging market
Authors: Mukhtaruddin Mukhtaruddin , Saftiana Yulia , Hendra Susanto , Teguh Muhammad , Kalsum Umi
Published: September 2024

The incorporation of corporate governance (CG) in Indonesian society necessitates consideration of the socio-cultural values that exist and evolve within individual lives. The foundation of the Indonesian state, Pancasila, embodies the socio-cultural ideals of the Indonesian people. The five CG-relevant Pancasila principles are divinity, human rights, nationality, leadership, and social welfare. Pancasila corporate governance (PCG) is CG that incorporates Indonesian cultural values. The association between PCG and firm value (FV) is investigated in this study. Up to 66 samples were collected for the years 2009 through 2018 after the sample was chosen based on specific criteria. The declaration of the five Pancasila principles serves as a proxy for PCG. Tobin’s Q serves as a gauge for a company’s worth. Multi-regression analysis was employed in data analysis. This study concluded that while nationality and divinity had no effect on FV, human rights, leadership, and social welfare did have a substantial impact on FV. The single most important factor in the creation of corporate governance is the national culture and values. It stems from national cultures and beliefs that permeate the community and have an impact on relationships within it. It is expected to be a norm in the neighborhood.
Design and optimization of a packed bed scrubber for purification of waste gas containing ammonium
Authors: Arsenijevic Zorana , Radovic Ivona , Kijevcanin Mirjana , Kaludjerovic-Radoicic Tatjana
Published: September 2024

In this work, a two-stage packed bed scrubber was designed and optimized for purification of industrial waste gas containing ammonia at a concentration of 1400 mg m-3. Basic material balance equations, equilibrium data, and the generalized pressure drop correlation were used for the calculation. For the analysis of different configurations, Katmar software was utilized, which uses the generalized pressure drop correlation in order to calculate the scrubber diameter based on the allowable pressure drop and proximity to flooding conditions. It was found that optimal results are achieved in a two-stage device, using 70 vol.% sulfuric acid for chemisorption of ammonia. Pall rings, 50 mm in size and made of polypropylene, were selected as a column packing. Performances of scrubbers of three column diameters (i.e., Dc=2; 2.1 and 2.2 m) were analyzed. From the aspect of the liquid phase flow, the column diameter of 2 m provides satisfactory results. According to the packing specifications, the pressure drop through the packing layer would be about 900 Pa. It was found that the pressure gradient, and therefore the total pressure drop in the column decreases with increasing the column diameter. However, as the diameter of the column increases, the minimum flow rate of the liquid phase required to wet the packed bed increases, so the required liquid flow rate increases. Taking into account all of the analyzed process parameters, as well as the required purification degree of the waste gas, the optimal configuration of the device was proposed.
Cercocebus and Mandrillus conservation action plan 2024–2028
Authors: Dempsey A. , Fernández D. , McCabe G. , Abernethey K. , Abwe E.E. , Gonedelé Bi S. , Kivai S.M. , Ngoubangoye B. , Maisels F. , Matsuda Goodwin R. , McGraw W.S. , McLester E. , ter Meulen T. , Oates J.F. , Paddock C.L. , Savvantoglou A. , Wiafe E.D.
Published: September 2024

Collectively, Cercocebus and Mandrillus include nine species and two subspecies of African monkeys: seven species of Cercocebus and two of Mandrillus, including two drill subspecies. Together, they represent some of the least studied and hence least known of the Afro-Eurasian Primates. This Plan includes taxon-specific conservation actions, devised under six overarching themes: increase engagement and local livelihood support, reduce knowledge gaps, promote habitat restoration, raise the profile of Cercocebus and Mandrillus taxa, enhance protection, and respond to public health needs for the neighboring human populations. The Plan aimes to raise the profile of the Cercocebus and Mandrillus species, encourage collaboration amongst conservation practitioners, local communities, government agencies, and other invested parties, and ultimately prevent the extinction of some of the most amazing primate species on the planet.
Reliability assessment of craniofacial and airway measurements: a comparative study between multidetector computed tomography and cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Sun Jui-Sheng , Hung Min-Chih , Hsieh Chi-Yeh , Lin Shih-Ying , Tai Han-Cheng , Chang Jenny Zwei-Chieng
Published: September 2024

Objectives

To compare the intra- and inter-examiner reliability of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) using Amira and Dolphin software analyses for craniofacial/airway measurements by six examiners.

Materials and Methods

Five adults and one dry skull with CBCT and MDCT scan files were duplicated and randomly numbered. Six orthodontic residents imported these files into two software programs, oriented the images, set thresholds, and performed 26 measurements. Intra- and inter-examiner reliabilities were determined by using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and presented with scatterplots.

Results

Variables including anterior nasal width, posterior nasal width, frontomaxillary suture right-to-left, inner nasal contour point right-to-left, and minimum cross-sectional area in the oropharynx showed “moderate” to “substantial” intra- or inter-examiner agreement. Amira provided relatively reliable airway assessment, while Dolphin showed standard deviations 10 to 30 times larger for volumetric airway measurements. MDCT scans significantly reduced airway volume/area measurements compared to CBCT, except for intraoral airway volume.

Conclusions

Unreliable skeletal measurements and low reliability of Dolphin for airway analysis discourage using CT to quantitatively correlate changes in craniofacial structures with airway dimensions.
The need to use enterprise management monitoring in the context of the transition to green energy
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Maslak Oleksandr , Kuz Andrii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

In today’s environment, domestic enterprises are increasingly aware of the importance of transitioning to green energy. In this direction, organisations are considering emission standards, using energy-efficient technologies, considering environmental aspects of production, etc. Businesses that reduce their carbon footprint are generally more likely to attract investment. They are also more socially oriented and balanced in terms of sustainable development. To achieve significant achievements in this area, enterprises should actively use management monitoring in the context of the transition to green energy. Effective monitoring allows business entities to respond to modern environmental requirements and build their own competitive advantages in the business environment. This monitoring creates opportunities to track technological changes in green energy and their impact on the company, helps identify effective and ineffective processes in this area, and ensures that reducing the carbon footprint is an integral part of the company’s strategy. In this article, we have considered the essence of monitoring the management of enterprises in the context of the transition to green energy, the concept of its implementation and the problems of its implementation. We have identified the critical issues in the field of this monitoring in the context of the domestic business environment. We emphasised the importance of the monitoring report on management in the context of the transition to green energy. We detailed its management functions, which allow for combining the company’s strategic goals and short-term actions in the context of the transition to green energy. We have considered the problem of indicator content of the monitoring report. In this article, we have developed a model of key management processes in the context of the transition to green energy, which is formed based on a monitoring report. The components of this model include transformation of attitudes, communication and communication, business planning and feedback, and training. At the same time, we identified monitoring mechanisms as a critical tool that considers not only financial performance but also the environmental and social impact of the enterprise. We proposed to consider them to identify the effectiveness of green initiatives and as a tool for improving management strategies.
The essence of the concepts of tourism, tourist and tourist cluster
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Muzychenko-Kozlovska Oksana , Yavorskyy Roman ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the concept’s “tourist”, “tourism”, “tourist service”, “tourist product” and “tourist cluster”. The analysis of the legislation of Ukraine, which regulates tourist relations, was carried out, in particular, regarding the definition of the essence of the concepts “tourism”, “tourist”, “tourist product” and their comparison with the interpretation and understanding in economic thought and statistics. The main characteristics of a tourist have been clarified, namely: physical person; travel time – from 24 hours to 1 year; the purpose of the trip is not related to earning income. A distinction is made between tourist service and tourist product, the collision that arises with the interpretation of the concepts of “tourist product” and “tourist service” in various sciences is investigated. Approaches to understanding the concept of “tourism” as an economic phenomenon, a place of commercial enterprises and their classification into those that directly satisfy the needs of tourists and those that indirectly take part in satisfying these needs are defined. The expediency of determining the legal nature and subject composition of the tourist service, which affects the possible ways of protecting the violated rights of the tourist and the correct identification of the person who will be responsible for the improper provision of services, has been clarified: if it is a tourist service, the subject of responsibility will be the tour operator, if it is another service, the relevant entity providing this service (hotel, transport company, tour guide, etc.). The article examines the concept of “tourism” through the prism of clustering as the most comprehensive approach to understanding this term. It has been studied that the concept of “tourism” as a branch of the economy should be considered in the context of cluster associations of enterprises and other entities that provide services to tourists. The author’s interpretation of the concept of “tourist cluster” is proposed, namely: it is a territorial association of enterprises, research, production and financial companies and other business entities that have vertical and horizontal relationships with the aim of achieving economic and social effects and satisfaction needs of tourists.
E-commerce market: new technologies and development prospects
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Balyk Uliana , Stevchak Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

“E-commerce Market: New Technologies and Development Perspectives” offers an in-depth analysis of the current state of electronic commerce and forecasts its future trends. Focusing on the utilization of cutting-edge technologies, the author examines the impact of mobile devices, artificial intelligence, data analysis, and personalization on the effectiveness of e-commerce. Key factors influencing the future prospects of the market, such as the increasing use of smartphones, the development of interactive technologies, and intensified competition, are highlighted. The research presented in the article will assist business leaders and investors in better understanding and adapting to the rapidly changing conditions of electronic commerce to achieve success in this crucial sector of the economy. The e-commerce market remains one of the most active and rapidly growing segments of the global economy. Rapid digital transformation and increasing reliance on online purchases are pushing companies to seek innovative solutions in the e-commerce sphere. The growth of mobile usage and the use of artificial intelligence and data analytics for personalizing offerings are opening up new opportunities for businesses in this sector. The globalization of the global market creates new opportunities to facilitate doing business online. Every day, more and more companies around the world are implementing e-commerce tools, which allows them to attract new customers and, consequently, increase profits. The sphere of trade relations, which is actively moving into the online world, is no exception. That is why the study of the current state of development of e-commerce is relevant. The article reveals the prerequisites for the development of e-commerce, explores the importance of business development through e-commerce. It is noted that the study of this topic is especially relevant because, one of the most significant changes that the world of business is currently experiencing is the progressive development and implementation of e-commerce. Given the rapid development of web and Internet technologies, e-commerce is growing worldwide and is emerging as a separate sector of the economy. The development of technology, the Internet and the globalization of this process have significantly affected international trade. The largest regions of e-commerce, companies selling e-commerce are analyzed; share of online orders in Ukraine.
Circular economy: features and prospects of implementation in Ukraine Ukraine in conditions of war
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Horbal Natalia , Slipachyk Sofiia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

The circular economy is a prerequisite for the new industrial revolution, because it contributes to achieving maximum economic efficiency in industry and reducing the negative impact on the environment. Its implementation involves a set of measures aimed at the sustainable development of enterprises, the country and society. Introducing the concept of circular economy is an important and necessary step for the development of our country, its integration into the European Union and post-war recovery. The purpose of the study is to identify problems on the path of reorientation of Ukrainian enterprises to the principles of circularity and sustainable development and to develop methods for their rapid adaptation, in particular, taking into account the consequences of European integration and full- scale war. The goals of the research: analysis of the current state of waste management in Ukraine, clarification of the essence and key principles of circularity and sustainable development, identification of the main strategies for the implementation of the circular economy, analysis of the peculiarities of the implementation of circular business models in Ukraine, taking into account the experience of the EU, development of recommendations for rapid adaptation circular business models in conditions of war. The peculiarities of waste management in Ukraine, in particular in the conditions of war, the readiness of companies and resource provision for the introduction of new circular business models are analyzed. The advantages and weaknesses of the implementation of circular principles, the opportunities that open up to enterprises, the positive impact on the economic, social, technological spheres, etc. are characterized. Before the full-scale invasion into Ukraine, most of the factors of the external environment were generally favorable for the implementation of circular economy business models by Ukrainian enterprises: accelerated accession to the EU, commitment to Ukrainian business in the world market, attraction of foreign investments, development of innovative technologies in Ukraine, gradual change in the culture of consumption, increasing consumer trust in “green” brands, increasing the level of social responsibility of enterprises. The amount of waste in Ukraine as a result of military operations as of June 2023 was 12 million tons (excluding temporarily occupied territories): destruction of admini- strative buildings, private houses, agricultural lands, etc. At the same time, it was stated that the pre- war methods of waste management, which were already ineffective, cannot be used in principle today. Therefore, now more than ever, it is important to promptly and effectively eliminate its consequences, which, on the other hand, is also a potential for the development of the circular economy and the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine.
SMM marketing in the activities of beer producers in Ukraine
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kuzo Nataliia , Kosar Nataliya ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

Alcoholic beverage producers contribute significantly to state budget revenues. Among these beverages, beer holds a substantial share, often serving as a vital aspect of social interaction. To stimulate demand, beer producers engage in proactive marketing strategies. This article aims to examine current trends in the Ukrainian beer market, analyze the social media activities of major producers, and propose strategies for their enhancement. It has been established that military actions have had a negative impact on the markets of all goods, including the beer market, where demand and supply began to recover in the second half of 2022. However, there is fierce competition in the beer market. To strengthen their competitive positions, producers strive to build strong brands, introduce innovations, offer new product types, expand distribution networks and communication channels, engage in socially responsible business activities, and disseminate information about them using traditional and online communications. In today’s environment, social media is one of the most important channels for brand promotion and communication with the target audience. Analyzing consumer feedback on social media, studying statistics, and other parameters enable understanding what users like and what manufacturers need to improve. Research has shown that PrJSC “Obolon” and “Persha Pryvatna Brovarnya” Ltd do not pay sufficient attention to the social network Facebook, as evidenced by the low number of posts and interactions with consumers. PrJSC “Carlsberg Ukraine” surpasses these main competitors on this social network in terms of community size, number of posts, and total interactions, but lags behind PrJSC “Abinbev Efes Ukraine” in the number of posts and their shares. On Instagram, although PrJSC “Carlsberg Ukraine” has a small audience, it surpasses “Persha Pryvatna Brovarnya” Ltd in terms of community size and total interactions. The leader in this social network in terms of the number of posts is PrJSC “Abinbev Efes Ukraine”. PrJSC “Obolon” does not have its own page on the Instagram social network. Research has shown that PrJSC “Carlsberg Ukraine” is the leader among competitors in terms of community size, number of videos, and total views on the YouTube social network. PrJSC “Abinbev Efes Ukraine” does not pay attention to this social network. Measures have been developed to intensify the activities of beer producers in various social networks – Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube, and recommended topics for posts have been presented.
E-commerce logistics: supply chain resilience
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Slobodzianyk Roman , Chornopyska Natalia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

The global dynamics of e-commerce development are analyzed. The main drivers of е-сommerce development, in particular: ease of access to the Internet, development of social networks, increased competition, increased consumer expectations are identified. The current state and features of the development of е-сommerce in Ukraine have been studied and summarized. Consumer priorities when buying online were identified: saving money, proof of availability of the necessary product, saving time, ease of choice, security, etc. It has been determined which social networks are channels for online transactions in Ukraine. It has been established that logistics is a key factor in the success of е- сommerce. OTIF is an indicator of the quality of е-сommerce logistics. A few delivery delays may not be disastrous, but they can cause disruptions and send ripple effects in supply chains. Businesses increasingly outsource their logistics operations to 3PL providers to benefit from their expertise, infrastructure, and economies of scale. Sources of failures in е-сommerce supply chains have been investigated. Actual problems faced by logistics operators have been identified, among them: rising costs of transportation, shortage of vehicles, limited infrastructure, cyber security, labor shortage, last mile logistics, reverse logistics. Strategies for increasing the resilience of supply chains are proposed: increasing visibility, multisourcing, lean best practices, bulding security, 4PL partnership, сoopetition, сooperation, reshoring/nearshoring/friendshoring. The e-commerce logistics market is expected to experience significant growth in the coming years. Technological advancements like artificial intelligence, blockchain, and big data analytics will play a key role in improving efficiency and resilience in logistics operations. Businesses should partner with reliable logistics providers, invest in innovative technologies, and optimize their logistics processes. Consumers should be aware of potential delays and delivery issues and choose companies that offer quality logistics services.
Classification and trends of industry 4.0 technology application by agricultural enterprises
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chepil Hryhorii , Panchenko Anna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and practical aspects of using Industry 4.0 technologies and digital transformation in the agricultural sector enterprises. The main trends in the development of digital agriculture in Ukraine and worldwide are analyzed. The authors identify and describe the main elements of the “smart agriculture” concept: Unmanned aerial vehicles Internet of Things Wireless sensor networks Data processing analytics tools Artificial Intelligence Software and applications. The article investigates that unmanned aerial vehicles are effective for monitoring the condition of plants and soils, making 3D maps, applying fertilizers and irrigating fields. Analytical data processing tools are presented, global trends in their use for summarizing historical data and forecasting weather conditions, yield and visualization of complex analytics are determined. The trends and ways of using robots with artificial intelligence by world farmers are presented, in particular for the design of unmanned tractors, automated sprayers, and shepherd robots. The ways of using wireless sensor networks by the world’s agrarians have been identified – the installation of physical and mechanical sensors for the analysis of natural phenomena, soil, and water. Cloud computing has been proven to be an important technology for global agribusiness, using it as a computing platform PAAS, software SAAS, infrastructure as a service IAAS. The article also systematizes programs and applications used by agrarians, in particular for managing agribusiness, optimizing the use of land, water, and fertilizers. The article examines the direct economic effects of the use of 4.0 technologies in agriculture. The effect of cost optimization and the effect of increased productivity when domestic farmers use 4.0 technologies are determined. An example of calculating the economic effect of implementing precision farming technologies, which can be significant for farming enterprises, is provided.
The pecularities of state support for startup industries in european countries
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lytvyn Iryna , Myskiv Sofiia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

The article examines the specifics of state support for startup industries in European countries. The authors analyze the main directions and features of implementing state policies in the field of innovation and startup entrepreneurship development. Existing tools for activating innovative and startup activities applied worldwide were identified. State support for the startup industry includes financial and non-financial assistance, as well as the creation of a favorable business environment. The essence and directions of state support for startups should depend on the stages of the innovation process and the needs of startups at each stage of their life cycle. Therefore, state support tools for startup entrepreneurship need to be differentiated and considered based on the innovation development needs at each stage. European Union countries employ various approaches to state support for innovation. Some countries, such as Spain, France, and Germany, directly support innovation in enterprises by providing financial and non-financial assistance. Others, like Finland, utilize indirect methods to stimulate innovation, such as subsidies and tax incentives. The predictability of state support for innovation is a crucial factor in its effectiveness. The article proposes recommendations for adapting and implementing effective mechanisms and tools to activate innovative and startup activities in Ukraine. Considering the resource constraints faced by Ukraine, particularly during full-scale warfare, the government must prioritize supporting selected startups and projects relevant to the country’s current circumstances. Post-war reconstruction efforts should involve creating a favorable legal and institutional environment to simplify the initiation and management of startup projects. Stimulating collaboration between businesses, research institutions, and universities through the development of innovation and technology spaces, incubators, accelerators, and startup schools is essential to support initiatives from talented youth, providing opportunities for skills enhancement and education for young entrepreneurs.