bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The attitude of beef cattle farmers to biosecurity adoption
Authors: Lestari V S , Rahardja D P , Mappigau P , St Rohani  , Sirajuddin S N
Published: June 2019

The aim of this research is to know beef cattle farmers’ attitude toward biosecurity in Lamasi Subdistrict, Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Total samples were 32 beef cattle farmers who were chosen purposively. The data were collected through observation and interview using questionnaire. There were 9 questions. Every question has three answers. Likert scale was used: 1 for disagree, 2 for less agree, and 3 for agree. The data were analysed descriptively using mean and frequency distribution. The research revealed that beef cattle farmers less agree on the application of biosecurity. In other words, beef cattle farmers have a negative attitude toward biosecurity adoption. The implication of this research is the need for cooperation between government, privates, and farmers’ participation to apply biosecurity to produce healthy meat.
Interrelated model of farmer behaviour and agricultural resources in the development of ginger agribusiness at the on-farm level
Authors: Widayati W , Abdullah W G , Romantiaulia W I , Mihrad E S
Published: June 2019

Ginger agribusiness has business prospects that can increase farmers’ income, open employment opportunities and reduce poverty. The problem in the development of ginger agribusiness is the absence of studies on farmer behaviour at the on-farm level and its interaction with agricultural resources. For this reason, it is necessary to map the behaviour of farmers in cultivation, yield processing and marketing of ginger, and interrelate the behaviour of farmers with agricultural resources in ginger agribusiness. Mapping behaviour of farmers includes knowledge, attitudes, and skills in cultivation, processing, and marketing. In the next stage, technology insemination and ginger agribusiness development models are needed. The results showed that the behaviour of ginger farmers at the on-farm level was in the medium and high category in six villages in Moramo Subdistrict. The potential of ginger farmers was the experience of ginger cultivation and interest in business development. Supporting factors of ginger agribusiness include land ownership, land suitability, and availability of ginger seeds. The constraints of ginger agribusiness development were weather changes and price fluctuations. The model of ginger agribusiness development needs to be directed at strengthening the capacity of farmers, partnerships and value-added products to increase the competitiveness of ginger.
Participation in empowering institutions and influencing factors of rural household income
Authors: Zulfida I , Lindawati L
Published: June 2019

The major economic activity in rural areas is agriculture, which plays an important role as environmental conservation and natural resource sites. Participatory rural development through empowerment programs is considered to increase rural household income. Bandung District is one of the regions that have implemented empowerment programs due to its relatively high poverty rates. The level of poverty reduction in Bandung District tends to slow down. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse the influencing factors of the rural households’ income level under empowerment programs. Research method using the Multiple Regression Model. The results of the study revealed that the household income is significant influences by the age, education, and participation in the empowering institutions.
Economic analysis of using duckweed as feed supplement in the commercial rations of native chickens
Authors: Syampurnomo A , Prayoga Y , Sembiring M , Fajar D , Rosaldi R , Ginting R , Pratama A , Sayed U , Ginting J , Henuk Y L
Published: June 2019

Native chickens is considered to be a very important species of poultry in determining the profitability of keeping native chickens in Indonesia in agribusiness. The main objective of this study was to study the economic analysis of using duckweed as a feed supplement in the rations of native chickens. 100 native chickens used in this study and they were kept in a litter system confinement lined with rice chaff using wire mesh as their walls. The study was used a randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replicates. The following treatments were used: T0 as control = commercial feed without duckweed; T1 = T0 + 10% duckweed; T2 = T0 + 20% duckweed; T3 = T0 + 30% duckweed; and T4 = T0 + 40% duckweed. The benefit-cost (B/C) ratio of native chickens recorded for T0, T1,T2, T3, T4 were 0.91, 1.02, 1.24, 1.47, and 1.46, respectively. The higher B/C ratio in case of native chickens in our study indicated that native chickens rearing was much more profitable when using duckweed as the feed supplement in their rations between 10 - 40%.
The Implementation of government rice reserve policy: based on presidential instruction on rice policy
Authors: Sembiring S A , Sibuea P
Published: June 2019

Rice sector has been subject to a number of policy interventions in Asia due to the economic and political importance of rice. The objective of this study is to describe the implementation of the government’s rice reserve policy based on the Presidential Instruction on rice policy. Result of the study show that: (1) the highest distribution of government rice reserves for rice market operation at 26,555 tons/month in Presidential Instruction No. 13/2005, (2) the highest distribution of government rice reserves for emergencies at 1.237 tons/month in Presidential Instruction No. 7/2009, 3) the average rate of growth in government purchased of price dried harvest paddy, government purchased of price dried milled paddy and government purchased price of rice at 16,21 %, 15.18 % and 13.10 % respectively, (8) the maximum water content of dried harvest paddy, dried milled paddy and rice is 25%, 14% and 14% respectively and the maximum empty grain of dried harvest paddy and dried milled paddy is 10% and 3% respectively (9) the maximum broken grain and minor degree is 20%, 2% respectively whereas the minimum milling degree for rice 95%, and (10) there is a positive relationship between the quality requirements paddy and the Government Purchasing Price.
Design of curcuma chips dryer by utilizing the waste heat of commercial refrigerator condenser
Authors: Panggabean S , Sibarani D M , Sigalingging R , Rindang A
Published: June 2019

Curcuma is one of herb plant and also ingredients for cosmetic products. Curcuma can be dried by other heat source like the waste heat of commercial refrigerator condenser. The results showed the enthalpy heat the refrigerator condenser with the addition of fan is 96,53 kJ kg-1 and potential value is 5281,704kJ hours−1. The capacity of the 2,4 kg day−1 with drying time 24 hour. Water content reach 8,26%.
Crop coefficient and water requirement for oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) on the nursery based on radiation evaporation method
Authors: Ichwan N , Fajra A M , Marbun S M , Sumono
Published: June 2019

Water requirements of oil palm close to crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The objectives of this research were to known the value of crop coefficient for the age of oil palm 4, 5 and 6 month and predicted water requirements of oil palm based on net radiation evaporation method. The result showed the value of oil palm for 4, 5, and 6 months were 0.50, 0.52, and 0.54. The value of reference evaporation (net radiation, ETo) range 2.89-4.25 mm.day−1. Moreover, from predicted crop evapotranspiration showed that water requirements of oil palm range 1.44-3.70 mm.day−1. Water requirements increasing based on the age of oil palm, however, it will decrease in the rainy season.
The effect of giving mannan extract from palm kernel cake to pathology and histopathology liver and intestine chicken which infected by Salmonella thypimurium
Authors: Adawiyah T J , Tafsin M , Hanafi N D , Sari T V
Published: June 2019

Salmonella thypimurium is an enteric disease in poultry and still a major problem in the livestock industry and human health because it is zoonotic. Mannan Oligosaccharide was originated from palm kernel cake which expected to replace the role of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of giving mannan extract to relative weight of liver and intestine, pathology and histopathology changes on liver and intestines from broiler chicken. This test was used ninety six broiler chicken of 1 day age Cobb strain infected orally with 105 CFU S. thypimurium on the third day. Levels of the mannan extract given were 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and antibiotic as controls. The results showed that giving of mannan extract to relative weight of liver and intestine was not significant (P> 0.05). On the observation the effect of giving mannan extract to pathology and histopathology showed that it was not significant (P> 0.05) It is concluded that mannan extract is safe to use in livestock because it was not affected to the intestine and liver organ.
Effect of fasting time before slaughtering on body weight loss and carcass percentage of Bali cattle
Authors: Hafid H , Hasnudi  , Bain H A , Nasiu F , Inderawati  , Patriani P , Ananda S H
Published: June 2019

The study aimed to examine the effect of fasting on weight loss and percentage of carcasses of Bali cattle. The study was designed in a randomized block design, where the pre-deduction is consisted of without fasting (P0), fasting 12 hours (P1), fasting time 18 hours (P2), and fasting time 24 hours (P3). Life weight grouping. The results showed that: 1) fasting time before cutting significantly affected the weight loss of Bali cattle. The longer the fasting time, the greater the weight loss of life, (2) the fasting time to 24 hours does not affect the percentage of carcass and percentage of carcass. It can be concluded that the longer the fasting time of Bali cattle, the greater the decrease in life weight, but no significant effect on the percentage of carcass and percentage of carcass.
Biogas slurry application on Sesbania grandiflora: A microbial transportation to improve plant quality
Authors: Ginting Nurzainah , Hasnudi  , Yunilas
Published: June 2019

Slurry of biogas contains microorganisms that assist the preparation of nutrients for soil as well as for plant. This study aims to prove that the slurry biogas microbial can improve the quality of Turi plant sprout (Sesbania grandiflora). This research was conducted from April to May 2018 using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments which were slurry dosages; i.e T0: without slurry; T1: slurry dosage of 500 ml every 1 m3 plant media; T2: slurry dosage of 1000 ml slurry every 1 m3 plant media. There were 4 replications. Parameters were chemical composition of slurry, microbial population, plant height, total leaf, number of branch and stem diameter. The results showed that T0, T1 had no significant effect on every parameters while T2 improved total of leaf and number of branch (P <0.05). There was a sicnificant increasing of microbial population in line with the increasing of slurry dosage. T2 contained the highest population of bacteria or fungal (P <0.05) compared to T0 or T1.
The effect of Panorusan Samosir goat characteristics on its selling price in Sub-district Pangururan, Samosir Regency
Authors: Mirwandhono E , Hakim A K , Ginting Nurzainah , Sembiring I , Yunilas  , Hamdan  , Patriani P
Published: June 2019

Panorusan Samosir goat is an endemic goat of Samosir which is used by local people as sacrificed animal. The objective of this study was to investigate Panorusan Samosir goat characteristics, i.e. Colour, sex, age, weight, and number of demand on the goat selling price. This study was conducted in Pangururan sub district of Samosir Regency for 2 months, i.e. from April 2018 until May 2018. This study used primary data and secondary data either qualitative or quantitative. The independent variables were colour, sex, age, weight, body condition score (bcs) and number of demand, while dependent variable was selling price. Based on the results of the study that independent variable which were colour, sex, age, bcs and number of demand affect selling price significantly (P<0.05). From the results of the determination test, the value of R Square was 0.696 (69.6%), it means that the colour, age, and weight affect the selling price of the goats, but the effect is not too strong at 69.6% and the rest were influenced by other variables
Synergism of cellulolytic bacteria in consortium as starter culture agent “MOIYL” for fiber feed
Authors: Wahyuni T H , Yunilas  , Ginting Nurzainah
Published: June 2019

The study aimed to examine the synergism of cellulolytic cellulosic consortium degrading cellulose as a fibrous starter culture agent. The study used streak plate method on nutrient agar medium [NA]. The isolated bacterial isolates were isolates of potential cellulolytic bacteria isolated from oil palm plantation waste, corn, and coconut wastes, namely: Bsp1, BJ1, BJ2, BP3, BP6, BP11, BP13, and BP16. The isolates were scratched on the nutrient agar medium [NA] and incubated for 24 hours. Observations were made there was a clear zone or inhibit zone between two isolates that intersect. The results showed that from 8 isolates tested 5 isolates can synergize well against other isolates. Conclusion: naturally, the cellulolytic isolate from oil palm waste, corn waste, and coconut waste can be consortium as starter culture agent “MOIYL” for fibrous feed.
Diversity of plant community at Gunung Ledang, Malaysia
Authors: Onrizal O , Ismail S N , Mansor M
Published: June 2019

Gunung Ledang National Park (GLNP) is one of national parks in Peninsular Malaysia. The forest in GLNP is rich in biodiversity which harboring various species as well as important for upstream water regulation and subsequent climate change mitigation. A rapid assessment of plant communities and diversity at the park was carried out in June 2014. Five sampling sites were identified based on elevation gradient. Overall, 68 plant species representing 58 genera and 35 families were recorded for all study sites. In each site, the plant species ranged from 15 to 32 species. The plant families with largest number of species in the studied sites were Euphorbiaceae (12 species) and Myrtaceae (5 species). The plant diversity in each site ranged from 2.7 to 3.5 based on Shannon diversity index. Three plant communities of the park separated out: lower (L1 and L2), middle (L3 and L6) and upper (L10) plant communities. Some exotic invasive species had been recorded and they were rated as natural vegetation. It is important to consider them as invasive species because of the obvious negative impacts on local biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of the pristine GLNP; and some actions are needed to remove them.
Productivity of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) on media corncobs mixed with sawdust
Authors: Rambey R , Sitepu I D B , Siregar E B M
Published: June 2019

Mushrooms live wild in nature and widely used by the community as food and medicinal. Mushroom cultivation is a way to meet the growing demand for mushroom consumption. Oyster mushroom can grow in medium containing lignin and nutrients needed for the growth of mushrooms. The purpose of the study was to measure the effect of mixture corncob with sawdust as planting media for growth and productivity of white oyster mushroom (P. ostreatus) and get the best planting media composition for growth and productivity of white oyster mushroom. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and five replications. Corncob are added as much 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The results showed that the best composition of growing media for the growth and productivity of white oyster mushroom is the addition of 30% corncob. Mixed corncob 30% have lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose levels more optimal for growth and productivity of white oyster mushrooms.
Aloe vera and lemon juice capability in decreasing formaldehyde content in tofu sumedang with cold storaging
Authors: Daniela C , Rusmarilin H , Sinaga H
Published: June 2019

Formalin compounds are carcinogenic but are often used as preservatives for foods such tofu, which is harmful to health. This study aims to determine the concentration, soaking time of Aloe vera and lemon juice and the duration of cold storage to decrease formalin in tofu Sumedang. In this study, tofu was soaked in 5% formalin. Formalin tofu soaked with aloe and lemon juice in comparison (100%:0%, 80%:20%, 60%:40%, 40%:60%, 20%:80%, 0%:100%) and long immersion (30, 60, 90 (minutes)). Tofu with the best comparison and soaking is stored in cold storage (10 °C) for 0, 3, 6 and 9 (days). The results showed that 100% Aloe vera with 90 minutes immersion reduced formalin levels by 65,82%, formalin residues by 28.777ppm, texture (5.592 (N/cm2), pH (5.273), brightness (84.287) and color index (83.519). Search results for cold storage for as long as 3, 6, 9 (days) respectively, formalin (26.261 ppm, 25.510 ppm, 23,440 ppm), texture (5.104, 4.325, 2.758), pH (5.043, 4.62, 3.92), mirror (79.916, 79.803, 79.410) and colour index (82.988, 83.514, 83.699). Aloe vera juice 100% containing saponin levels of 570µg/ml was more effective in removing formalin levels in Sumedang tofu because saponins as surfactants that bind formalin and air-soluble.
A comparison studies on the chemical characteristics of pumpkin seed oil with extra virgin olive oil and palm olein
Authors: Agustina N A , Elisabeth J , Julianti E
Published: June 2019

This research aims to determine chemical compositions and characteristics of pumpkin seed oils (PSO) in comparison with the characteristics of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and palm olein. The results showed pumpkin seed oil has high unsaturated fatty acid (81.70%) with major fatty acid was linoleic acid (47.80%), extra virgin olive oil has oleic acid 77.70% and palm olein rich palmitate acid 37.20%. Chemical characteristics of PSO, EVOO and palm oil show such as iodine value were 111.74 g I2 / 100g, 76.85 g I2 / 100g and 59.34 g I2 / 100g. Total phenolic content were 58.27 mg gallic acid equivalent / g oil, 176.09 mg gallic acid equivalent / g oil and 117.10 mg gallic acid equivalent / g oil. Total tocopherol were 240.18 µg/g oil, 459.07 µg/g oil and 559.78 µg/g oil. Antioxidant activity were 35.50%, 51.83% and 73.30%. Pumpkin seed oil has good oxidation stability to be utilized in the food industry, high unsaturated fatty acids and tocopherol is ability to using in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetics and other industrial application.
The effect of pre-treatment in orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) flour manufacturing process on cake’s quality
Authors: Azzahra S , Julianti E , Karo-Karo T
Published: June 2019

Orange-fleshed sweet potato can be processed into flour to increase its economic value and used in a wide variety of food, such as cake. This research was carried out in order to identify the effect of pre-treatment in orange-fleshed sweet potato flour manufacturing process on cake’s quality and also to know the antioxidant activity and digestibility index from the flour and cake. This research was carried out with randomized block design with single factor which consisted of four methods, i.e. soaking in 2000 ppm ascorbic acid solution for 15 minutes followed by steam blanching for 5 minutes, soaking in 2000 ppm ascorbic acid solution for 15 minutes, steam blanching for 5 minutes and without pretreatment (control). The best pre-treatment was obtained by soaking in 2000 ppm ascorbic acid solution for 15 minutes. Antioxidant activity and digestibility index were analysed on flour and cake with the best pre-treatment. The measured antioxidant activity IC50 value) of orange-fleshed sweet potato flour and cake with the best treatment were 164.16μg/ml and 206.85μg/ml respectively, while the digestibility index of the cake was 46.96%.
Phytochemical and antioxidant activity of gaharu leaf tea (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk) as raw material of tea from middle Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Surjanto  , Batubara R , Hanum T I , Pulungan W
Published: June 2019

Gaharu (agarwood) grows naturally in Sumatera, especially in Middle Tapanuli regency. The development of knowledge and research about gaharu leaf has been used as raw material for brewed beverage or tea. The purposes of this research were to observe the leaf used as raw material of gaharu leaf tea that grows naturally in Middle Tapanuli by looking at the chemical compound contained in the leaf which function as antioxidant and to know the antioxidant activity and tannin content of the leaf. Gaharu leaf from 2 growing sites (Sigiringgiring village and S. Kalangan II village) was identified, then processed into leaf simplicia and extracted with 96% ethanol solvent. Phytochemical screening of alkaloid, glycosides, steroids/triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins compounds were conducted. The antioxidant activity test was performed by DPPH method to obtain IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration) value. The results showed that the agarwood leaf from Sigiring-giring contained terpenoids and saponins and from S. Kalangan II contained of tannins and saponins. The results of antioxidant activity test showed that agarwood leaf extract has IC50 value in 56,985 dan 44,382 μg/ml which meant strong and very strong antioxidant activity category.
Proximate carcas composition with different CaHPO4 and body conformation of Red Tilapia
Authors: Yusni E
Published: June 2019

Carcass composition of traits such as protein, ash, moisture, amino acids and minerals in red tilapia was investigated. All diets were formulated at 29% of crude protein 0.5% of calcium-phosphate and energy: protein ration 150:5 for diet C1, 30% of crude protein, 1.0% of calcium-phosphate and energy: protein ration 151:7 for diet C2, and 31% of crude protein, 1.5% of calcium-phosphate and energy: protein ration 151:5 for diet C3. The body weight of tilapia species is 169.38g (±4.32). 60 of fish and three replicates were used for this study to the analysis of carcass composition. The other carcass parts of body fish as muscle, bone, scale, and gill was found to be significant (p<0.01). The mean of carcass composition of three levels of calcium-phosphate as muscle, bone, scale, and gill were found to be higher in level diet C2 compared to diet C1 and C3 was found no significant differences.
Assessment of one-year mangrove reforestation using Rhizophora apiculata seedlings in Lubuk Kertang village, North Sumatra
Authors: Basyuni M , Al Habib A , Slamet B , Sulistiyono N , Putri L A P , Bimantara Y , Yusraini E , Lesmana I
Published: June 2019

Mangrove forests in North Sumatera existed in the east coast of Sumatera Island and are rapidly degraded due to anthropogenic activities such as mangrove conversion to other land-uses. The present study describes one-year assessment on mangrove rehabilitation in Lubuk Kertang village, Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The restoration was carried on May 2016 using indirect planting of 6,000 Rhizophora apiculata seedlings. R. apiculata belongs to Rhizophoraceace family with hardwoods, have good stilt roots that can survive in mud substrate. The assessment was carried out in 4 plots with each plot consist of 100 plants. The evaluation parameters of mangrove reforestation comprise of seedling growth rate, diameter and height, leaf thickness and some leaves. Results show that the growth rate for first-year assessment was 92.3 % considered successful because of the average percent growth of plants ≥ 70 %. By contrast, the height, diameter, and a number of leaves seedlings planting were shown variation performance of among the plots observed. Our present study suggested that success factors in the rehabilitation of mangrove affected by salinity, substrate conditions, pests and diseases and human activities on the rehabilitation site.
Response of tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill) infected by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary with the treatment of copper and potassium phosphate on plant development
Authors: Astini  , Lisnawita  , Hanum H
Published: June 2019

Phytophthora infestans is an important disease in the highland of Karo Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia. The disease caused a failure of tomato production. P. infestans mainly damages the leaves causing disruption to plant growth and development. This study was to evaluate the development of tomato plants infected by P. infestans treated with potassium phosphite and copper. The experimental was set in a completely random design, consisted of two factors. The first factor was copper with 2 doses namely 0 %, 0.07 % and the second was potassium phosphate with 4 level doses each 0%, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2%. The result showed that potassium phosphate could significantly reduce disease severity of P. infesting by 31.62 % to 36.40%, 40.26 to 63.65 % at dose of 0.4 % and 0.8 % respectively. Tomato infected by P. infestans showed a positive response to copper and potassium phosphate treatments which characterized by an increase in the plant dry weight, the plant height and the plant stem diameter. The best dry weight of plant was obtained from Cu at dose of 0.07 % and potassium phosphate at dose of 1.2 % while the plant height was obtained from Cu at dose of 0.07 % and potassium phosphate at dose of 0.4 %.
Growth pattern of fifteen upland rice varieties in shading stress
Authors: Khairunnisa  , Rosmayati  , Hanum C
Published: June 2019

Shading stress will affecton varieties growth of upland rice especially in the vegetative phase. The objective of this research to study the growth pattern of fifteen upland rice varieties in shading stress treatment. The research was carried out in Cengkeh turi Binjai started from May to August 2018. The research used a split plot design with two factors. The first factor was the shading stress, consist of; control, 25%, 50% and 75%. The second factor was15 upland rice varieties, consist of: Inpago 5, Lipigo 4, Inpago 8, Inpago 10, Towuti, Kalimutu, Limboto, Black rice, Red rice, IPB 8G, IPB 9G, Lipigo 1, Lipigo 2, Situ patenggang, and Situ bagendit. Decreased of light intensity caused of increase plant length on shading stress treatment 25% were 4.24%. Shading stress treatment in 25%, 50% and 75% will decreasing the number of tillers. Similarly, the parameter of dry weight was decreased in accordance with the increasing in the shading stress treatment that given. Chlorophyll a content was higher than chlorophyll b at all shading stress and varieties. Different from black and red rice which have higher chlorophyll b content at 50% and 75% and Lipigo 1 at 75% shading stress treatment.
Potential uses of Marine Bean (Vigna marina Burm.) as salt tolerant Legume in coastal salty land, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Septiana A , Analuddin
Published: June 2019

Vigna marina has potential to use as productive legume in salty areas of southeast Sulawesi. The study aimed to know the adaptation of V. marina grown under higher salinity condition, and elucidate their potential uses as salt tolerant legume in salty land. The germinated seeds were placed in polybags. Five polybags were taken as control, while five polybags watered by NaCl 200mM, and five polybags watered by NaCl 400mM for every day during 2 months. The dry biomass, chlorophyll and antioxidant (Vitamin C, anthocyanin and alkaloid) contents were determined. The results showed that dry biomass of marine bean was not significantly different among treatment indicating similar growth ability of marine bean at different treatment. On the other hand, the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, as well as antioxidant were significantly higher at salinity concentration of NaCl 400mM, indicating higher salt concentration induced the marine bean to produce higher chlorophyll and antioxidant contents as mechanisms to grow and withstand in the salty land. Therefore, the results of this study indicated that this legume is salt tolerant and is potential to use as productive legume at coastal salty land.
Growth and production of soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) varieties in response to waterlogging at vegetative (V5) growth phase by application of gibberellic acid and salicylic acid
Authors: Calvin  , Damanik R I , Siregar L A M
Published: June 2019

Waterlogging can cause damage to soybean plants that can decrease the growth and yield. The objective of this research was to measure the growth and production of three soybean varieties such as Burangrang, Anjasmoro and Argomulyo, imposed on waterlogging at vegetative stage (V5) along with the application of GA3 and Salicylic acid. Waterlogging was conducted for 72 h by sinking the planting media inside a pool filled with water. Number of leaves, pod, seed and chlorophyll content were measured. The result showed that foliar application of GA3 (200 ppm) together with Salicylic acid (150ppm) for each enhanced the number of pod and seed for Burangrang soybean variety on waterlogged condition compared with normal condition. Burangrang and Anjasmoro soybean varieties gave the highest chlorophyll content on waterlogged condition after being applied by the same dose of plant growth regulators. In term of yield (number of pod and seed per plant), Burangrang soybean variety is the most promising variety to plant in waterlogged condition.
Changes in some characters of soybean leaves inoculated with mycorrhiza in salinity stress
Authors: Rahmawati N , Rosmayati  , Delvian  , Basyuni M
Published: June 2019

Increasing soybean production can be done by expanding the planting area on suboptimal land such as saline soils. Leaves which are an important part of plants where the photosynthesis takes place also experience disturbances due to salinity stress. Efforts can be made to overcome salinity stress, among others by planting salinity tolerant soybean genotypes and mycorrhiza inoculation. This study aims to analyse changes in leaf morphology characters in two soybean genotypes inoculated with mycorrhiza in salinity stress. The study used split-plot design with the main plot of soybean genotype (Grobogan variety and Grobogan soybeans selected for salinity tolerance) and subplots arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolates (control, Glomus sp. 1, Glomus sp. 2, Glomus sp. 3, Glomus sp. 4, Glomus sp. 5, and isolates the mixture of all isolates) in the experimental field of Paluh Merbau Village Deli Serdang with 1.5 m above sea level and salinity level of 5-6 dS/m in February-May 2013. The results showed the number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b were significantly affected by the interaction of soybean genotype and mycorrhizal inoculation. While the treatment of soybean genotypes and mycorrhizal inoculation showed significant differences in the number of stomata and thickness of cuticles.
Effect of benzyl amino purin (BAP) and gibberellin acid (GA3) to chlorophyll and antioxidant enzymes of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merill.) genotypes in response to inundation conditions
Authors: Damanik R I , Lumbangaol L D , Rahmawaty N , Sipayung R
Published: June 2019

Indonesia’s climate change issues cause the significant potential for inundation to occur when rainfall is too high in the area of soybean cultivation, which can give an impact on soybean productivity. The objective of this research was to measure the effect of growth regulators which can respond to soybean plant adaptation to inundation stresses. The influence of Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) and Gibberellin Acid (GA3), and their mixture on the chlorophyll and antioxidant defense system of three (Grobogan, Willis, and Detam-1) soybean genotypes has been conducted subjected to inundation condition in March 2018. The chlorophyll total by GA3 was significantly increased at Detam-1 soybean genotype, while no change in other two soybean genotypes in GA3, BAP, and the mixture compared to controls. Exogenous GA3 enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Grobogan and Detam-1 soybean genotypes in response to inundation (72 h). On the other hand, peroxidase (POD) activity was enhanced on Grobogan with GA3, and Detam-1 soybean genotypes with BAP applications when compared to control. Our result reveals that SOD together with POD activities was participate to protect Detam-1 soybean genotype from inundation condition.
The efficacy indaziflam on weed seedbank vertically on the ultisol soil on palm oil plantations
Authors: Tampubolon P K , Purba E , Mukhlis
Published: June 2019

Seedbank control is important in integrated weed management. This study aims to determine the dose of indaziflam to seedbank at some depth of soil on oil palm plantations. The experiment used factorial randomized block design with four replications. Measured at an indaziflam dose 75, 100, 150 and 200 gram of active ingredients per hectare (g.a.i.ha−1), and soil depth 0-5, 5-10, 10-15 and 15-20 cm. Results showed that indaziflam doses 150-200 g.a.i.ha−1 were able to suppress the presence Eleusine indica at 4.8 and 12 weeks after application (WAA) (71.91-91.13%). Dosage 75-200 g.a.i.ha−1 effective controlling Cynodon dactilon at 8 and 12 WAA (66.07-89.29%). Dosage 150-200 g.a.i.ha−1 effective controlling Kyllinga nemoralis at 4 and 12 WAA (76.57-100%). Dosage 100-200 g.a.i.ha−1 effective controlling Phyllanthus niruri (100%), dosage 150-200 g.a.i.ha−1 effective controlling Cleome rutidospermae (74.49-85.92%), and dosage 75-200 g.a.i.ha−1 effective controlling Ageratum conyzoides (100%) at 12 WAA. Effectiveness indaziflam can suppress the presence Eleusine indica and Kyllinga nemoralis at a soil depth 0-20cm (4.8 and 12 WAA), Cynodon dactilon at a depth 5-20cm (8 and 12 WAA), and Ageratum conyzoides at a depth 0-15cm (12 WAA).
Chlorophyll content and stomatal density of soybean varieties on technological packages application under dry land conditions
Authors: Hasanah Y , Hanum H , Hidayat A S
Published: June 2019

The development of dry land as agricultural land for increasing soybean production is faced with a number of problems. Therefore, a technological package is needed for soybean cultivation under dry land condition and also need the varieties that are tolerant under dry land conditions. The study aimed to identify the chlorophyll content and stomatal density of soybean by applying several packages of soybean cultivation technology under dryland conditions. This research was conducted under dry land conditions at Tanjung Jati, Langkat (Indonesia). This research was conducted using a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was soybean varieties (Demas, Anjasmoro, Dering, Devon) and the second factor is technology packages (P1, P2, and P3). The result showed that each variety had different chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and total chlorophyll content. Dering variety has the highest total chlorophyll content, while Anjasmoro variety has the lowest total chlorophyll. Each variety had a significantly different stomatal density. Devon variety has the highest stomatal density, while Demas variety has the lowest stomatal density. The technology package with the addition of dolomite lime 2,000 kg/ha on Dering variety had the highest of chlorophyll content and stomatal density.
Performance of some populations of maize (Zea mays L.) on peat soil applied Sludge and ash of oil palm
Authors: Lubis K , Siddik S S , Setiado H
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study obtained the appearance of the vegetative and reproductive character of some maize populations on peat soil with pH criteria of 5.9 and application of sludge and ash of oil palm. The research was conducted at Tanjung Rejo, Medan city from April to August 2017. This research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 treatment factors. The first factor was the population consisting of 5 levels: A (NEI9008 x CLA46), B: (NEI9008 x CLA106), C: (CLA106 x NEI9008), D: (CLA16 x CLA84), E: (CLA84 x NEI9008) and the second factor was planting medium consisting of 3 levels is M1 (peat), M2 (peat + ash of oil palm), M3 (peat + sludge). The results showed that the interaction between planting media with some populations of maize had a significant effect on plant height character. The best media was found in M3 (peat + sludge). The best population based of the highest plant were population C (CLA106 x NEI 9008) and D (CLA 16 x CLA 84).
Problems of spatial development of the agro-industrial complex of the Krasnoyarsk Region
Authors: Mazloev V , Ozerova M
Published: June 2019

The spatial development of the agro-industrial complex of the Krasnoyarsk region is very diverse and uneven. This is due to the introduction of high-tech industries in individual territories, which increases their investment attractiveness, and state subsidies on the principle of supporting growth points. The identification of territories requiring a special regime of economic incentives for the purpose of equalizing territorial heterogeneity is proposed to be typified. Generalization of long-term studies of agricultural economists allowed authors to include the natural and climatic conditions and the level of social and economic development, which are characterized by such a set of indicators as (i) the hydrothermal coefficient to the main factors of differentiation of territories; (ii) provision of plants with heat; (iii) soil characteristics; profit per average annual employee; profitability of agricultural production; state support per one agricultural organization; (iv) profit per 1 rub. of state support; (v) level of remuneration of workers; and (vi) rural population growth. Approbation of calculations based on data from 36 districts of the Krasnoyarsk region with the use of an integral indicator, as the average value of their score, made it possible to conclude that 8 districts of the region were in a low socio-economic development group and needed to develop measures to stimulate entrepreneurial initiative with the participation of government funding.
Priority areas for stimulating innovation and technological development of the poultry industry
Authors: Burova D , Akopyan A , Roiter L
Published: June 2019

The innovative development of the poultry industry is currently at a stagnation stage. To increase the competitiveness of enterprises, it is necessary to stimulate the innovative potential of the industry through the development of those areas that are used in world practice, but in the Russian Federation are absent or underdeveloped. Therefore, a more careful study of all existing types of incentives for innovation and technological development of the poultry industry is necessary, which indicates the relevance of this article. The article describes all the main problems of innovation development, ways to stimulate the technological development of production, as well as proposals for increasing the competitiveness of the poultry industry.

The purpose of the article is to consider the types of incentives for innovation in the poultry industry to identify the most priority of them. Within the framework of this goal, such tasks were set as providing a description of the main problems of innovative development of the poultry industry, consideration of the main ways of stimulating this development, as well as comparing the promotion of innovation in Russia and the world.

The main methodology of the article is the use of statistical data analysis methods, a graphical method, and a comparison method.

As a result of the study, it was revealed that in order to increase the competitiveness of poultry enterprises, it is necessary to more actively introduce technological innovations into the cultivation, housing and feeding of poultry, a more detailed study of the creation of a poultry cluster, as well as the development of a network of technoparks that currently do not have are competitive.
Key development directions of the milk market of the region
Authors: Charykova O , Salnikova E , Polunina N
Published: June 2019

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the importance of the milk market and its role in ensuring the food security of the country, as well as the current conditions created by the increasing complexity of the political and economic situation (the introduction of economic sanctions, increased competition, reduced product quality). In this regard, the purpose of the study is to substantiate the main directions of improving the organizational and economic mechanism of the milk market, ensuring the reduction of the impact of risks, the balance of mutual interests of market actors, the solution of the strategic task of food safety. The study used the balance, economic and statistical, monographic methods, the method of system analysis, theoretical and practical approaches developed by the authors. On the basis of the identified market conditions (demand, supply, and prices) and organizational and economic assessment of the milk market, positive (growth in retail trade, reduction in dairy product imports, large-scale modernization of the dairy industry) and negative (decrease in per capita consumption, reorientation of consumers to cheaper; dairy products with low added value, reduced consumption of cheese and butter) trends are identified and described. The article substantiates the promising directions and mechanisms for the development of the milk market: improving production efficiency and competitiveness of dairy products, timely regulating market conditions (maintaining a balance of supply and demand), developing the market supply infrastructure, establishing industry clusters, reducing dependence on imports, growing organic production, digitization of production and sales of products, the expansion of interregional relations and export support, stimulated creation of marketing structures and improvement of marketing technologies.
Scientific basis for forecasting the innovative development of the agricultural sector of the region’s economy (on the materials of the Perm region)
Authors: Sandu I , Butorin S , Ryzhenkova N
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the concept of the need to change approaches in forecasting the innovative development of the agricultural sector of the Perm region with the requirements of digitalization of the economy and management of innovation processes. The factors that ensure the management of innovative activities of enterprises and organizations operating in the agricultural sector of the economy are considered. A model for forecasting the innovative development of the agricultural sector of the region’s economy is proposed. The results of a study of the dynamics of innovation activity in the agricultural sector of the Perm region economy are summarized, and factors affecting its increase are identified. On the basis of them, the authors propose the key areas of innovation, which should be focused forecasting innovative development.
Reproductive situation in agricultural organizations: Perspectives from the Orel region
Authors: Golovina L , Logacheva O
Published: June 2019

Due to the solid motivation of business activity of farmers from the state during the implementation of the Programs on Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food for 2008-2012 and 2013-2020, agricultural organizations have taken a leading position among producers of commercial agricultural products. Over the past ten years, they have been able to radically change their economic behavior: modifying the nature of agribusiness management; increasing financial responsibility for its results, responding more adequately to market signals; taking into account demand; looking for profitable sales channels; focusing on the process of technical and technological re-armament; learning relevant professions; finding new approaches to people, developing a strategy and tactics to create conditions for expanded reproduction, intensification of production processes; and increasing the efficiency of commercial activities. In order to maintain the achieved positive results for the long term, agricultural organizations need the most constructive approach to effectively regulate the reproductive process, focusing on the continuous improvement and long-term transformations in economic relations.
Selecting an optimal model of cooperation in the vegetable industry in Russia: vertical integration, agrarian dies, clusters
Authors: Mindlin Yu , Lebedev N
Published: June 2019

The article gives a brief description of the existing problems of vegetable growing in the Russian Federation. It is shown that hierarchical (in the form of vertical integration) or network (in the form of agrarian fillers or clusters) models of the functioning of the vegetable industry can be used to solve them. A comparative analysis of these models is provided in the paper. It is shown that a rapid increase in production can be achieved on the basis of vertical integration. However, for ensuring the sustainable development of the industry, it is necessary to use network models. Thus, stable and efficient functioning of the vegetable industry in our country should be based on the balance of hierarchical and network models.
The impact of the competitiveness of Russian agri-food products on the dynamics of Russian foreign trade
Authors: Maslova V , Zaruk N , Avdeev M
Published: June 2019

The article notes the special importance of the turnover of food products and agricultural raw materials in international trade. Based on the analysis performed, it was revealed that despite the positive dynamics in the structure of foreign trade in food products (reduction of imports and increase in exports), the trade balance of these products remains negative. To overcome this trend, it is necessary to solve a set of tasks related to the growth of production and increase of competitiveness. In order to identify the price competitiveness of domestic agri-food products, a comparative analysis of the competitiveness of average producer prices and export prices for the main types of products in 2013-2017 was carried out in the Russian Federation and in the leading countries in the export of these products in the world. The study shows that Russian prices were competitive in most of the considered types of agri-food products. The result of the import substitution policies in recent years was the growth of production and the reduction of imports for a number of agri-food products. In addition, the depreciation of the national currency ensured the growth of competitiveness of domestic agri-food products on the world market and led to an increase in exports. In order to increase the competitiveness of products, it is necessary to consistently reduce production and logistics costs, reduce losses through the use of innovative technologies, and improve product quality. In order to systematically increase agricultural exports, it is necessary to create a modern export infrastructure, form an effective system of branding and promotion of Russian agri-food products, develop a coordinated system of measures of state support for non-primary exports.