bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Ibn al-Haytham’s Method for Determining Qibla Direction Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Sanjaya W. S. Mada , Roziqin Akhmad , Anggraeni Dyah , Mamat Mustafa
Published: March 2022

Ibn al-Haytham or better known as Alhazen (965-1040 AD) was a great Muslim scientist who mastered many disciplines. One of his works entitled "Qawl fi Samt al-Qibla bi al-Hisab" describes a mathematical method for determining the direction of Qibla. In this paper, Ibn al-Haytham's algorithm is modified, thus the algorithm can determine the Qibla direction on the entire surface of the globe. Then, Ibn al-Haytham's mathematical method is compared with modern spherical trigonometry methods and our previous research using al-Biruni’s method. The computational results show that all methods have the same accuracy, and show that ibn al-Haytham's method is still relevant now. Therefore, the modified ibn al-Haytham method algorithm was implemented to develop a Qibla direction device and interface based on Raspberry Pi 4, GPS module, digital compass, and Processing 3 software. The implementation results show that the device can display the Qibla direction interface according to numerical calculations with high accuracy, real-time, and dynamic interface.
Wireless Area Network Infrastructure Model on Gili Ketapang Island Using Open Shortest Path First Routing Protocol
Authors: RetnaniWulandari Diah Ayu , Auliya Yudha Alif , CahyaPrihandoko Antonius , Slamin Slamin , Zarkasi Mohammad
Published: March 2022

This study aims to model the network for the archipelago and tourism on Gili Ketapang. The network model implemented is a wireless WAN network infrastructure to meet the needs of a reliable tourist area. This model implements DHCP and OSPF as the routing protocol. The methodology used is to perform simulations using a packet tracer in designing the network through several scenarios with parameters for assessing delay and packet loss. At the time of implementation, it began with a cluster area with the parameters of the number of business units spread across each hamlet. This network design utilizes OSPF, DHCP, and wireless network infrastructure resulting in the most considerable delay of 0.021 and packet loss of less than 3% so that it is included in the excellent category. The implementation results using the OSPF routing protocol, several paths do not go through the shortest path because they have to go through the backbone area, but because OSPF is a link-state, the cost is meager than the shortest path.
The Russian Commercial Fleet in the Treaty Ports of China in the Second Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Hamzin Ildar R.
Published: March 2022

The article offers a comprehensive analysis of the activity of the Russian merchant fleet in China in the second half of the 19th century. This historical issue is particularly relevant in connection with the active development of modern foreign trade in China and the strengthening of Russian-Chinese trade and economic ties. The historical research is based on the materials of the central archives of Russian Federation (including the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire and the Russian State Historical Archive). The methodology is based on a comparative analysis of Russian shipping in China and similar activities of other foreigners, and a system analysis that allows us to study the issue in the context of the overall development of Russian-Chinese trade. An important component of the article is the statistical analysis of data on the development of maritime Russian-Chinese trade, foreign shipping in China, and freight rates. The article considers the development of the organization of maritime Russian-Chinese trade in Odessa and the Far East directions. On the example of several treaty ports (Hankou, Shanghai, and Chifu), the features of the development of Russian commercial navigation in Chinese waters and the accompanying complexities of this process are shown. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that there is a direct correlation between the level of infrastructure development in the Russian Far East and the expansion of the presence of the Russian merchant fleet in the treaty ports of China at the end of the 19th century.
The Activities of Foreign Entrepreneurs in the Amur Region as Reflected in the Regional Press of the 1860s
Authors: Petrunina Zhanna V. , Shusharina Galina A.
Published: March 2022

The article studies how the economic life of the Amur region in the first half of the 1860s is reflected in contributions to the newspapers Amur and Vostochnoe Pomorie, with a focus on the newspaper coverage of foreign entrepreneurs' activities in the region. The authors analyze how the journalists tried to attract foreign capital to Russia, and how they interpreted the legal and cultural conditions that foreign traders encountered in the Amur region. Equally taken into consideration are the features and prospects of intercultural communication in the region, the respective publications attitudes towards the Russian annexation of the Amur region, and their perceptions of the factors that stood in the way of the comprehensive development of the region and of the attraction of foreign entrepreneurs. The article analyzes the image that the newspaper authors drew of life in the Russian Far Eastern peripheries; in particular, a number of articles were very critical in their discussion of how to remove obstacles to attracting foreigners to the region. At the same time this contribution argues that by their description of the nature and living conditions in the Amur region, the regional newspapers also contributed to the inflow of domestic and foreign investments into the Far Eastern region. It seems that this experience can be useful for the economic development of remote Russian territories also today, after a necessary adjustment.
Health insurance and Out of Pocket health care expenditure in Kenya
Authors:   Department of Economics, Population and Development Studies, Kamba Urbanus Kioko ,   Faculty of Social Sciences,   University of Nairobi, Kenya
Published: March 2022

Aim/purpose – The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of health insurance on Out-of-Pocket (OOP) health care expenditure in Kenya. It is informed by persistence in the challenges of access and utilization of quality and affordable health care services. Previously, researchers have estimated the effects of different forms of health care fi- nancing on its demand and shown that affordability not only enhances access and use of health services but also cushions people against adverse financial risks associated with catastrophic health care spending. Design/methodology/approach – The study used the Kenya Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey (KHHEUS) 2013 data, and employed the two-part model estimation approach. The sample size considered in the estimation was 6,961 with the unit of analysis being an individual household member. Findings – The overall results of this study showed that having a health insurance cover did not exclude one from using OOP payments. However, the probability of such spend- ing was low for people with insurance compared to those without insurance. Additionally, if any cash was paid for any health care service, having insurance did not have a significant effect on the level of that spending. Research implications/limitations – The findings of this study imply that uptake of health insurance does not fully cushion people from both using cash payments when seek- ing health services and ramifications of catastrophic health care spending. The study how- ever, encountered challenges of unavailability of more recent data in the KHHEUS series. In addition, the sample size was relatively small to the population after data cleaning. Originality/value/contribution – Potential effect of health insurance on OOP health care payments had not been explored in Kenya. As such, this study filled this gap. In addition, the two-part model estimation technique was also employed with the latest household health survey data. Keywords: health insurance, Out-of-Pocket, health care, two-part model, Kenya. JEL Classification: I13, I14.
‘I am no man': a presença feminina no universo nerd e geek
Authors: DE CASTRO FLAVIA LAGES , Pereira Stephany Lins , Carvalho Luiza
Published: March 2022

A cultura nerd e geek vem crescendo cada vez mais nos últimos anos, conquistando seu espaço nas telas, nas páginas e nas lojas, saindo de um contexto de cultura de nicho e se consolidando como mainstream. E com o aumento de sua popularidade, aumenta também a demanda por representatividade não apenas em personagens de suas produções, mas também dentro dos próprios grupos e espaços de fãs e consumidores. Este artigo é parte das pesquisas realizadas pelas autoras e busca dar conta de uma análise da toxidade do comportamento masculino em relação à presença feminina nos fazeres nerds. Assim buscaremos fazer uma breve definição do que é considerado nerd e geek atualmente, entender suas divisões como grupo social, e analisar especialmente a presença feminina no contexto deste universo: como ela é percebida e recebida e quais as dificuldades enfrentadas por mulheres nerds. O título possui referência a uma frase dita no filme O Senhor dos Anéis:  O Retorno do Rei (2003).
influência da educação popular freireana na Associação dos Moradores e Amigos do Bairro Itinga em Joinville/SC
Authors: Ribas Bruna Eloize Taborda , Voos Charles Henrique
Published: March 2022

Considerando a atual conjuntura política nacional e a crescente onda neoliberal conservadora, que aliena e ameaça os direitos dos cidadãos, objetivou-se com este trabalho explorar a temática da educação popular sob a visão de Paulo Freire, e buscou-se fazer a relação entre esta teoria e as práticas realizadas na Associação de Moradores e Amigos do Bairro Itinga, a Amorabi. Para tanto, foi realizado uma pesquisa bibliográfica e um resgate histórico sobre a associação, bem como coleta de entrevistas e imagens que ilustrassem esta trajetória. Também foi analisada a importância e relevância dos projetos da Amorabi para a comunidade. Concluiu-se que a Associação, desde sua fundação realiza uma ação política que condiz muito ao que propunha Paulo Freire, e que as atividades realizadas na e pela Amorabi tem em Freire uma influência direta e indireta.
Role of social media marketing in improving marketing performance for smes during the covid-19 pandemic: a literature review
Authors: Herlina Vivi , Yacob Syahmardi , Johannes Johannes , Octavia Ade
Published: March 2022

The presence of social media affects the marketing strategies for all businesses. This study aimed to formulate a social media marketing model for SMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study conducted a literature review that examined various studies in social media marketing customer engagement and marketing performance. The exogenous variables were entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation. This study provides a model for the social media marketing and customer engagement research model as the intervening variables and research questions development for further research.
synergy of achievement, affiliation and powermotives on employee performance and commitment career as mediation: a literature examination
Authors: Amperial Agus , Johannes Johannes , Yacob Syahmardi , Amin Shofia
Published: March 2022

Human behavior is influenced by three needs: achievement, affiliation, and power affiliation. In that regard, individual motivation encourages a person to achieve more results. Furthermore, employee performance is the output of an employee behavior process that refers to the achievement of performance and targets set by the organization, a reflection of the results achieved by an employee in the organization. Career commitment, in this case, plays an essential role because it becomes a long-term driver of the individual. This study intends to formulate a  model of affiliation achievement motive and power motive on career commitment and employee performance where career commitment mediates. Thus, it could be a foundation for future research.
Construção de práticas pedagógicas na educação básica em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Souza Ana Paula Gestoso de , Reali Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de caráter exploratório uma vez que busca maior familiaridade com a problemática investigada: compreender o processo de construção práticas docentes na educação infantil e nos anos iniciais – ensino fundamental para o ensino remoto, decorrente da pandemia da Covid-19, vivido por sete professoras experientes que atuam como mentoras e as características dessas práticas. A partir da perspectiva de análise de prosa buscando investigar o significado dos dados, analisaram-se prioritariamente tarefas produzidas pelas professoras-mentoras e solicitadas pelo grupo de pesquisa no âmbito da mentoria em 2020. Foram levadas em conta, de modo complementar, as conversas das reuniões com a equipe de formação/pesquisa e mensagens trocadas, via WhatsApp, entre as professoras e a equipe. A análise processual dos dados possibilitou identificar/compreender: i. um novo sentido da prática docente, ii. algumas características das condições de trabalho dessas professoras e iii. as práticas de ensino construídas para o ensino remoto.
Enhancing interethnic tolerance in masters of education in Ukrainian multiethnic primary school
Authors: Bartosh Olena , Atroshchenko Tetiana , Kozubovska Iryna
Published: March 2022

Interethnic tolerance is a determining part of professional competence of Masters of Education (Primary Teaching) in Ukraine. It is seen both as a social order for the modern education system, as a personal-professional quality formed on the basis of humanistic worldview, allowing to perform professional duties effectively. The paper’s aim is to introduce education of Masters of Education into the context of interethnic tolerance formation to perform professional duties in the multiethnic educational environment of primary school. The paper examines the experience of 199 Masters of Education (Primary Teaching) who graduated with the learning strategy to improve the level of interethnic tolerance formed. We used a combination of research methods: analysis of normative documents and curricula, observation of students’ performance, questionnaire, testing, pedagogical experiment, quantitative and qualitative analysis of experimental data. To improve the level of interethnic tolerance formed we developed and introduced methodical support for the effective organisation of extra / curriculum, independent work and pedagogical practice. The developed learning procedure, implemented in the experimental group, gave positive results in the formation of interethnic tolerance by motivational-value, cognitive, activity-behavioural, and reflexive-creative components. The number of students in the experimental group with high level of interethnic tolerance formed increased by 23.48%; with sufficient level − increased by 14.54%; with average and low level − decreased by 16.07% and 21.94%, respectively. The research findings are relevant for other educational programs.
ANALISIS KADAR KALSIUM OKSIDA (CaO) PADA BATU KARANG DI DAERAH PESISIR BAYANG DAMPELAS DONGGALA
Authors: Islamiyati Annisa Dian , Abram Paulus Hengky
Published: March 2022

Coral reefs are classified as coral or coral limestone. These corals contain of a high level of calcium purity with more than 90%. These clacium are in the from calcite (CaCO3). Calcite can be used in the industrial sector wich can be processed into a catalyst and use as a mixture 0f portland cement.its economic value increases by converting CaCO3 to CaO trough the calcination process at high temperatures. The coral sampels were taken from the coastal area of Bayang, Dampelas Donggala wich consisted of 2 samples. i.e coastal and montain coral reefs. The CaO levevls contained in coral reefs wer determined by qualitative and quantitative analysis method using XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence). XRF result showed that were CaO compounds in each coral reef sample. The CaO level in the coastal reef was 92,08% before calcination and 92,11% after calcination. Whereas the CaO level in te mountain coastal reef was 94,51% before calcination and 96,77% after calcination.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ALAT SEDERHANA KONVERSI ENERGI MEKANIK DALAM MODEL PEMBELAJARAN POE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI ENERGI KELAS VII SMPN 15 SIGI
Authors: Fajaryani Liska , Saehana Sahrul , Darmadi I Wayan
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan alat sederhana dalam model pembelajaran Predict, Observe, Explain (POE) menggunakan metode eksperimen dan model pembelajaran POE tanpa metode eksperimen pada siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 15 Sigi. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen kuasi dengan desain the eqivalent pretest-posttest group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 15 Sigi. Teknik Sampling yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Purposive Sampling dengan sampel penelitian adalah kelas VII B sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kela VII A sebagai kelompok kontrol. Instrumen hasil belajar siswa berupa tes pilihan ganda yang telah divalidkan melalui validitas kontruksi. Tes hasil belajar siswa yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata kelompok eksperimen sebesar 14,91. Dimana hasil ini lebih tinggi dari pada kelompok kontrol yaitu 11,20. Uji hipotesis Uji-t (dua pihak), diperoleh  = 3,18 dan  = 2,00 pada taraf nyata α = 0,05. Ini berarti bahwa nilai  berada diluar daerah penerimaan . Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan alat sederhana dalam model pembelajaran POE menggunakan metode eksperimen dibandingkan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran POE tanpa metode eksperimen pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 15 Sigi.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA SEDERHANA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA FISIKA PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 3 PALU
Authors: Said Filda Mohammad , Ali Muhammad , Werdhiana I Komang
Published: March 2022

Model  pembelajaran  inkuiri  terbimbing  merupakan  pembelajaran  yang  melibatkan  siswa  dalam  menentukan  suatu  konsep  atau  materi  pelajaran  yang  sedang  dipelajari.  Keterlibatan  siswa  dalam  proses  pembelajaran  tersebut  dapat  berupa  mengajukan  berbagai  pertanyaan,  menghimpun  informasi,  dan  melakukan  penyelidikan. Pembelajaran langsung (DI) merupakan suatu model pembelajaran yang terdiri dari penjelasan guru mengenai konsep atau keterampilan baru terhadap siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing menggunakan media sederhana terhadap hasil belajar IPA fisika pada siswa SMP Negeri 3 Palu. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen kuasi dengan desain the non-equivalent pretest-posttest. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Palu. Teknik Sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel penelitian adalah kelas VIII A sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas VIII B sebagai kelompok kontrol. Instrumen hasil belajar IPA fisika berupa tes pilihan ganda yang telah divalidasi melalui validitas konstruksi. Hasil uji t dua pihak dengan dk = 60 dan taraf signifikansi a = 0,05 diperoleh nilai thitung = 3,92 dan nilai ini lebih besar dari ttabel = 2,00. Hal ini berarti, nilai thitung berada di luar daerah penerimaan H0. Dengan demikian H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran Inkuiri terbimbing menggunakan media sederhana terhadap hasil belajar IPA fisika pada siswa SMP Negeri 3 Palu.
PEMANFAATAN SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU JATI (TECTONA GRANDIS L.F) SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LOGAM CU (II)
Authors: Arini Gusti Ayu , Aminah Sitti
Published: March 2022

Sawdust is one of the industrial wastes that can be used as an absorbent. The chemical content in sawdust is the same as in its wood, i.e lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. This study aimed to determine the optimum contact time, optimum weight, and adsorption capacity of Cu (II) ions by teak sawdust using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Determination of optimum contact time was carried out with time variations of 10, 30 and 60 minutes, the optimum weight with various weight of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 grams, and the adsorption capacity of teak sawdust in various concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm. The results showed that the equilibrium contact time was reached at 30 minutes, and the percentage of adsorption of Cu (II) was 91.25%. The optimum weight for metal adsorption was 1.5 gram, and the adsorption percentage of adsorbed Cu (II) ions was 96.18%. The adsorption capacity was determined from the adsorption isotherm according to the Langmuir and the freundlich models. The adsorption isotherm model of Cu (II) of teak sawdust follows the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 2.058 mg/g.
Pengembangan Media Video Pembelajaran Fisika berbahasa Kaili pada Materi Besaran Fisika dan Pengukurannya
Authors: Saehana Sahrul , Nur’azni Nur’azni , Hatibe Amaruddin
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the activeness of students in the learning process by using video media learning physics in kaili language on the material of physics and its measurements for junior high school. This research includes a type of development research. This development uses the ADDIE model. The techniques used in data collection are questionnaires and observations. This development research process is carried out in several stages. The stages are: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subject of the study for feasibility trials Of physics learning video in kaili language was conducted on students of grade VIID Hasanudin numbering 20 people at SMPN 1 Sindue. 1) Product feasibility trials are conducted by giving questionnaires in the form of questionnaires containing things related to the level of feasibility of video media learning physics in kaili language as a learning medium. The assessment results in students were obtained on average by 3.63 with the achievement of "Strongly agree''. 2) Then the next trial was conducted on 10 students in the experimental class and 10 students in the control class. The assessment results in the experiment class averaged 3.44 and the control class averaged 3.39. Based on the data, kaili language physics learning video deserves to be used as a learning medium.
Pengaruh Model Brain Based Learning (BBL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI pada Materi Laju Reaksi
Authors: Basri Hikmah Hasan , Sabang Sri Mulyani , Jura Minarni Rama
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to determine the influence of Brain Based Learning (BBL) model toward learning outcomes of chemistry in grade XI at SMA 7 Palu. The method used was a quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest control group design. Sampling was done by purposive with the sample of class XI Science 2 as the experimental class and class XI Science 5 as the control class. Data of students’ learning outcome was tested using non-parametric statistical analysis, i.e the Mann-Whitney test (U-Test).  Analysis of the data obtained the value of students’ learning outcomes in the experimental class (x ̅_1) was 89.16 with a standard deviation of 10.96, while in the control class students the (x ̅_2) value was 56.47 with a standard deviation of 11.50. Hypothesis testing obtained a Zcount value was 5.68 which was in the acceptance area of H1, so tha H1 was accepted and H0 was rejected. This mean that the average score of students’ learning outcomes of the experimental class was not the similar to the control class. This study concluded that the Brain Based Learning (BBL) model influenced students’ learning outcomes on reaction rate at SMAN 7 Palu..
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Menggunakan 1,1-Difenil-2-Pikrilhidrazil
Authors: Zela Zela , Diah Anang Wahid Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Kersen, also known as Muntingia calabura L. is a fruit with numerous health benefits that can be ingested instead of medication. The goal of this study was to see how effective the extract Muntingia calabura L. was as an antioxidant. This study used DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) as a source of free radicals and vitamin C as a positive control to measure antioxidant activity. A UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to determine the antioxidant activity of Muntingia calabura L. extract. The fruit powder of Muntingia calabura L. was extracted using the maceration process using ethanol as a solvent. The antioxidant activity of the extract was next examined at various concnetration of 20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm. Muntingia calabura L. extract had a strong antioxidant power with an IC50 value of 69.662 ppm, while vitamin C had also a strong antioxidant power with an IC50 value of 79.615 ppm, according to the findings. Muntingia calabura L. fruit extract is a good source of natural antioxidants, according to the IC50 value, because it has a high antioxidant activity value.
Robotic process automation and audit quality
Authors: Dahiyat Ahmad
Published: March 2022

This study aims to explain the Jordanian state of the implementation of robotic process automation RPA in auditing, and to examine the expected impact of RPA implementation on audit quality from the views of Jordanian auditors, furthermore, the study aims to define the challenges of RPA implementation in Jordanian auditing firms. The study employed a survey method to collect data by using questionnaires. Three hundred (300) questionnaires were supplied to the sample of the study of which two hundred and seven (207) questionnaires from retrieved questionnaires were valid for analysis. The results of the study showed that Jordanian auditing firms do not apply RPA despite the expected impact of implementation on audit quality, this may be justified by the challenges that the auditors believe, the most important as they indicated are the initial investment for creating or purchase RPA, and the changing resistant by auditors for different purposes. The contributions of this paper are by enriching the theoretical side by shedding light on RPA and knowing the state of RPA implementation in Jordanian auditing firms and examining the impact of RPA implementation on the quality of audit. This paper also identifies the main challenges of the implementation of RPA in the Jordanian environment.
Low coverage whole genome sequencing reveals the underlying structure of European sardine populations
Authors: Fonseca Rute da , Campos Paula , Iglesia Alba Rey de la , Barroso Gustavo , Bergeron Lucie , Nande Manuel , Tuya Fernando , Abidli Sami , Pérez Montse , Riveiro Isabel , Carrera Pablo , Jurado-Ruzafa Alba , Santamaria M Teresa G , Faria Rui , Machado Andre , Fonseca Miguel , Froufe Elsa , Castro L Filipe C
Published: March 2022

Whole genome sequence data is an ideal tool for characterizing processes
in ecology and evolution. New population genomics data analysis
pipelines based on genotype likelihoods allow for a significant
reduction in cost by efficiently extracting information from low
coverage sequence data. We demonstrate the robustness of such approaches
with a genomic data set consisting of two draft genomes of the European
sardine (Sardina pilchardus, Walbaum 1792), resequencing data for
103 individuals from 16 sampling areas across the 5,000 Km of the
species’ distribution range (from the Eastern Mediterranean to the
archipelagos of Madeira and Azores). Our results clearly show at least
three genetic clusters. One includes individuals from Azores and Madeira
(two archipelagos in the Atlantic), the second corresponds to Iberia
(the center of the sampling distribution), and the third gathers the
Mediterranean samples and those from the Canary Islands. This suggests
at least two important barriers to gene flow, even though these do not
seem complete, with individuals from Iberia showing some degree of
admixture. These results together with the genetic resources generated
for this commercially important taxon provide a baseline for further
studies aiming at identifying the nature of these barriers between
Sardine populations, and information for transnational stock management
of this highly exploited species towards sustainable fisheries.
Complication rates for paediatric tonsillectomy based on Scottish national data 2000-2018
Authors: Moen Christy , Downie Laura , Kubba Haytham
Published: March 2022

It is important to give parents accurate information about complication
rates as part of the process of informed consent for surgery.  National,
routinely-collected data give an opportunity to estimate the rates of
rare adverse events such as bleeding, blood transfusion and death.

We reviewed data for all Scottish NHS hospitals over the time period
2000-2018 to identify all children (aged 0-16 years) undergoing
tonsillectomy, and to identify adverse events occurring within 30 days
of the procedure.

Readmission to hospital was required in 2%.

Surgical arrest of haemorrhage was required in 1%.

Blood transfusion occurred in 0.1% and death occurred in one child out
of 50,194.
Bayesian modelling of wildlife disease across ecological scales
Authors: Bush Anna , Hodgson Dave
Published: March 2022

Bayesian inference is a tool for treating uncertainty, combining data
and prior information from multiple sources and formats into updateable
models, often of considerable complexity. Attention is increasingly
being paid to the use of Bayesian inference in the study of
host-pathogen systems, in which complex networks of between-individual
interactions operate across a hierarchy of ecological strata. Despite
growing interest, the adoption of hierarchical systems-models by
ecologists remains rudimentary. Bayesian inference has been applied to
wildlife disease networks at a population level, and to epidemiological
diagnostic regimes at an individual level, but there exist very few
attempts to integrate models and data that link individual-, group-,
population-, landscape- and assemblage-levels of wildlife disease
systems. Furthermore, the use of Bayesian techniques at an individual
level has been limited, yet this is vital for uncovering the fine-scale
interactions and latent variables typical of disease networks. This
review explores the use of Bayesian hierarchical models in the study of
host-pathogen systems, identifying the future research required to
achieve the desired “whole-system” approach. We argue that the
complexities and uncertainties underlying disease processes are best
described within a Bayesian framework, contending that although the
infrastructure to craft complex Bayesian hierarchical models exists, the
actual application of these methods is limited within wildlife disease
research.
Case of Follicular Mucinosis Showing Brownish Yellow and Red Dots via Dermoscopy
Authors: Yamagishi Hiroki , Ota Mayumi , Nobeyama Yoshimasa , Asahina Akihiko
Published: March 2022

We reported a case of 68-year-old man suffering from follicular
mucinosis. The dermoscopic examination showed multiple round brownish
yellow dots with a whitish rim in the follicular ostium and red dots in
the interfollicular area. This case report at first suggests that
follicular mucinosis may show such dermoscopic findings.
Hyper-graph regularized subspace clustering with skip connections for band selection of hyperspectral image
Authors: Zeng Meng , Ning Bin , Gu Qiong , Hu Chunyang , Li Shuijia
Published: March 2022

The Hughes phenomenon of Hyperspectral images (HSIs) with the hundreds of continuous narrow bands makes the computational cost of HSIs processing high. Band selection is an effective way to solve such a problem and a lot of band selection methods have been proposed in recent years. In this paper, a novel hyper-graph regularized subspace clustering with skip connections (HRSC-SC) is proposed for band selection of hyperspectral image, which is a clustering-based band selection method. The networks combine subspace clustering into the convolutional auto-encoder by thinking of it as a self-expressive layer. To make full use of the historical feature maps obtained from the networks and tackle the problem of gradient vanishing caused by multiple nonlinear transformations, the symmetrical skip connections are added to the networks to pass image details from encoder to decoder. Furthermore, the hyper-graph regularization is presented to consider the manifold structure reflecting geometric information within data, which accurately describes the multivariate relationship between data points and makes the results of clustering more accurate so that select the most representative band subset. The proposed HRSC-SC band selection method is compared with the existing robust band selection algorithms on Indian Pines, Salinas-A, and Pavia University HSIs, showing that the results of the proposed method outperform the current state-of-the-art band selection methods. Especially, the overall accuracy of the clustering is the best on three real HSIs compared to other methods when the band selection number is 25, reaching 82.62%, 92.48%, and 96,5% respectively.
Numerical and experimental investigationg of a turbine guide vane with conjugate heat transfer method
Authors: Liu Youhong , Luo Yifu , Ding Yulin , Guo Jia , Xiao Changgeng
Published: March 2022

Three-dimensional steady-state conjugate heat transfer numerical method was utilized to study the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a turbine guide vane. In experiment, a real-sized turbine vane model and corresponding test section were designed. We verified the simulation accuracy of different turbulence models, coupling with transition model and limiter factor in conjugate heat transfer method. Compared with the experimental results, the results indicated that the SST model shows better accuracy and economy than other models studied in this paper.
Study on heat transfer characteristics of honeycomb liquid-cooled lithium battery module
Authors: Sun Yaxin , Li Kequn
Published: March 2022

To ensure that a lithium battery can operate in the appropriate temperature
range, the 18650-type lithium battery (cylindrical battery with diameter of
18 mm and height of 65 mm) was selected as the research object, and the
thermal model of single battery was established. Compared with reference
values, the data correlate well and the accuracy of the model is validated.
The liquid-cooling model of a honeycomb lithium battery module was
established based on a thermal model of a single battery. By using numerical
simulation, the coolant flow rate, coolant temperature and central angle of
coolant channel are set as variables to analyze the heat transfer
characteristics of the battery module at different ambient temperature. The
results show that (1) Increasing the flow rate and the central angle of the
coolant channel can improve the temperature homogeneity. Compared with the
flow rate, the central angle has a greater effect on the heat transfer
characteristics. (2) The coolant temperature has a significant effect on the
temperature distribution of the battery module. However, the temperature
homogeneity is deteriorated.
Rate-Dependent Depression: A Predictor of the Therapeutic Efficacy in Treating Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Zhou Xiajun , Zhu Ying , Wang Ze , Lin Zhi , Zhu Desheng , Xie Chong , Calcutt Nigel A. , Guan Yangtai
Published: March 2022

We investigated the application of rate-dependent depression (RDD) of the Hoffmann (H) wave as a predictor of treatment efficacy in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). General medical information, scales, and nerve conduction data were collected from 73 healthy subjects, 50 subjects with type 2 diabetes and painless DPN, and 71 subjects with type 2 diabetes and painful DPN. The left tibial nerve was stimulated, and RDD was calculated by the decline in amplitude of the third H wave relative to the first one. Gabapentin treatment was initiated after baseline evaluation, and the RDD and visual analog scale (VAS) score were both evaluated regularly during the 2-week study period. At baseline, the painful DPN group exhibited significant RDD impairment across all stimulation frequencies. Gabapentin treatment significantly reduced the VAS score and restored RDD during the 2-week observation period. RDD was found to be an independent factor of minimal VAS score improvement, such that the benefit increased by 1.27 times per 1% decrease in the RDD value. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that diabetes-induced loss of RDD can be modified by gabapentin and suggests that RDD may be valuable for predicting the initial efficacy of gabapentin therapy in patients with painful DPN.
Connecting Genomics and Proteomics to Identify Protein Biomarkers for Adult and Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Ghanbari Faegheh , Yazdanpanah Nahid , Yazdanpanah Mojgan , Richards J. Brent , Manousaki Despoina
Published: March 2022

Type 2 diabetes shows an increasing prevalence in both adults and children. Identification of biomarkers for both youth and adult-onset type 2 diabetes is crucial for development of screening tools or drug targets. In this study, using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), we identified 22 circulating proteins causally linked to adult type 2 diabetes and 11 proteins with suggestive evidence for association with youth-onset type 2 diabetes. Among these, colocalization analysis further supported a role in type 2 diabetes for C-type mannose receptor 2 (MR odds ratio [OR] 0.85 [95% CI 0.79–0.92] per genetically predicted SD increase in protein level), MANS domain containing 4 (MR OR 0.90 [95% CI 0.88–0.92]), sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit β2 (MR OR 1.10 [95% CI 1.06–1.15]), endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1β (MR OR 1.09 [95% CI 1.05–1.14]), spermatogenesis-associated protein 20 (MR OR 1.12 [95% CI 1.06–1.18]), haptoglobin (MR OR 0.96 [95% CI 0.94–0.98]), and α1–3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and α1–3-galactosyltransferase (MR OR 1.04 [95% CI 1.03–1.05]). Our findings support a causal role in type 2 diabetes for a set of circulating proteins, which represent promising type 2 diabetes drug targets.
Lack of Evidence for a Causal Role of Hyperinsulinemia in the Progression of Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Halloun Rana , Galderisi Alfonso , Caprio Sonia , Weiss Ram
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

The carbohydrate-insulin model (CIM) claims that chronic exposure to hyperinsulinemia induced by dietary carbohydrates explains development of obesity via direct effects of insulin and/or low postprandial metabolic fuel levels. We aimed at testing whether indices of hyperinsulinemia and postprandial glucose levels can predict increases in the degree of obesity over time.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Children and adolescents with obesity attending a pediatric obesity clinic performed oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) and received standard obesity management. Indices of hyperinsulinemia and insulin secretion were derived from the OGTT and evaluated in the face of changes in the degree of obesity over time.

RESULTS

A total of 591 children (217 males and 374 females) participated, and the mean follow-up was 1.86 ± 1.29 years. OGTT-derived area under the curve of insulin, peak insulin, fasting insulin, the insulinogenic index, or insulin at 30 min were not associated with greater changes in the degree of obesity in univariate or multivariate analyses (adjusted for baseline age, BMI z score, sex, and ethnicity). Low postprandial glucose <75 mg/dL was not associated with greater changes in the degree of obesity in univariate or multivariate analyses. In a subsample of 104 participants with a follow-up >4 years, none of these parameters was associated with greater increases in the degree of obesity.

CONCLUSIONS

In children and adolescents with obesity, exposure to hyperinsulinemia, greater insulin secretion, or low postprandial glucose is not associated with greater increases in the degree of obesity over 2–4 years. The CIM should be evaluated in children with lower BMI and for longer follow-up periods.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI JENIS AUKSIN DENGAN BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI TERHADAP PENGAKARAN SETEK MELADA (Piper colubrinum)
Authors: Hanum Farida , Yusnita Yusnita , Hapsoro Dwi , Agustiansyah Agustiansyah , Karyanto Agus
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai jenis auksin terhadap beberapa konsentrasi terhadap pengakaran Piper colubrinum. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca  Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung dari bulan Mei 2018 sampai Desember 2018. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. perlakuan yang mengaplikasikan: kontrol, IBA 1500 ppm, IBA 2000 ppm, NAA 2000 ppm, NAA 750 ppm + IBA 750 ppm, NAA 1000 ppm + IBA 1000 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada variabel jumlah akar primer di buku pada perlakuan NAA 750 ppm + IBA 750 ppm nilai rata-rata meningkat yaitu 21 helai dibandingkan kontrol 2,5 helai. Pada perlakuan NAA 750 ppm + IBA 750 ppm berpengaruh pada peningkatan  jumlah akar primer di penampang batang yaitu 14 dibandingkan dengan kontrol 11 helai. Demikian perlakuan NAA 750 ppm + IBA 750 ppm berpengaruh pada peningkatan  jumlah akar primer yaitu 34,3 helai dibandingkan dengan kontrol 13,5 helai. Untuk variabel bobot basah akar nilai rata-rata NAA 750 ppm + IBA 750 ppm yaitu 11,8 g, nilai rata-rata ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan semua perlakuan.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI PUPUK KANDANG SAPI, ARANG SEKAMDAN PESTISIDATEKI (Cyperus rotundus) UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT MOLER DAN PERTUMBUHAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicumL.)
Authors: Ardy Achmad , Ratih Sukandini , Hendarto Kus , Efri Efri
Published: March 2022

Peningkatan produksi bawang merah banyak menghadapi kendala salah satunya yaitu serangan hama dan patogen. Penyakit yang sering dijumpai pada budidaya bawang merah yaitu moleryang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Penyakit moler dapat menimbulkan kerusakan danmenurunkan hasil umbi hingga 50%. Penggunaan pupuk kandang sapi, arang sekam dan pestisida teki diharapkan dapat menekan intensitas penyakit moler pada tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk kandang sapi, arang sekam dan pestisida teki terhadap intensitas penyakit moler pada tanaman bawang merah dan mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk kandang sapi, arang sekam dan pestisida teki terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tanaman dan Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung, pada September hingga Desember 2019.  Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini disusun dalam  Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 8 perlakuan. Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga total unit percobaan yang digunakan sebanyak 24. Perlakuan terdiri dari kombinasi taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi 5, 10 dan 15 ton/ha dengan arang sekam 5, 10 dan 15 ton/ha kemudian ditambahkan pestisida teki dengan dosis 5%. Hasil percobaan dari kombinasi pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam pada berbagai taraf dosis tidak menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah tetapi memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap produksi bawang merah. Pestisida teki dengan konsentrasi 5% tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah tetapi pestisida teki dengan konsentrasi 5% memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan intensitas penyakit pada bawang merah. Kombinasi dosis pupuk kandang sapi 15 ton/ha, arang sekam 15 ton/ha dan pestisida teki 5% menunjukkan intensitas terserang penyakit paling rendah.
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANONITROFOS, PUPUK NPK DAN KOMBINASINYATERHADAP POPULASI, PRODUKSI, DAN HARA TERANGKUT C, N, P TANAMAN TEBU (Saccharum Officinarum L.) RATOON2 DI TANAH ULTISOL GEDUNG MENENG
Authors: Hamzah Akbar , Lumbanraja Jamalam , Supriatin Supriatin , Sarno Sarno , Amalia Riajeng Hanum , Satgada Catur Putra , Zulkarnain Eldineri , Awang Tegar Rafshodi , Agustina Wiwik
Published: March 2022

Peningkatan produksi tebu banyak terkendala seperti rendahnya bahan organik dan hara makro N, P, K, Ca, dan Mg di tanah ultisol.  Karena di tanah ultisol kandungan kadar Al3+ yang cukup tinggi, dan kejenuhan basa yang rendah.  Penambahan pupuk organonitrofos dan anorganik merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengatasi hal ini.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk organonitrofos dan pupuk NPK terhadap produksi, populasi, dan hara terangkut dan hara terangkut tanaman tebu ratoon 2, dan korelasi antara N-total tanah dan P-tersedia tanah dengan N dan P yang diserap oleh tanaman tebu ratoon 2.  Penelitian ini terdiri  5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, disusun dalam Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK).  Perlakuan terdiri dari: A. 100% NPK (300 kg ha-1 urea, 150 kg ha-1 TSP, 300 kg ha-1 KCl), B. 100% organonitofos (10.000 kg ha-1 organonitrofos), C. 100% NPK + 50% organonitrofos (300 kg ha-1 urea, 150 kg ha-1 TSP, 300 kg ha-1 KCl, 5000 kg ha-1 organonitrofos), D.50% NPK + 100% organonitrofos (150 kg ha-1 urea,  75 kg ha-1 TSP, 150 kg ha-1 KCl, 10.000 kg ha-1 organonitrofos), dan  E. tanpa pemupukan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian pupuk anorganik NPK, pupuk organonitrofos dan kombinasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi dan hara terangkut C, N, P tanaman tebu ratoon 2, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap populasi tanaman tebu ratoon 2. Pemberian 100% NPK, 50% NPK + 100% organonitrofos 100% NPK +50% organonitrofos dan memberikan produksi dan hara terangkut C, N, P tanaman tebu yang tidak berbeda nyata, namun nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan 100% organonitrofos dan tanpa pemupukan. Korelasi positif  N-total tanah dan P-tersedia dengan N dan P yang diserap oleh tanaman tebu ratoon 2, sehingga kandungan N-total tanah dan P-tersedia tanah menentukan jumlah N dan P yang dapat diserap oleh tanaman tebu ratoon 2.
Lapsiperheiden psykososiaalinen tuki Suomessa
Authors: Sorsa Minna , Hopia Hanna , Heino-Tolonen Tarja , Raitakari Suvi
Published: March 2022

Psykososiaalisen tuen tutkimusta tarvitaan lapsiperheiden auttamiseksi mahdollisimman varhain. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kartoittaa, mitä lapsiperheiden psykososiaalinen tuki on suomalaisessa kontekstissa ja miten tutkimus on ilmiötä tarkastellut lapsiperheiden psykososiaalisen tuen hoito- ja asiakastyön käytännöissä.
Integratiivisen katsauksen aineistohaku toteutettiin CINAHL Complete (Ebsco), Social Services Abstracts (ProQuest), PsycINFO ja Medic tietokannoista ja manuaalisesti Julkari-sivustolta. Haku rajattiin vuosiin 2014–18. Lapsiperhe rajattiin tarkoittamaan yhden tai kahden vanhemman ja lapsen tai lapsien kokonaisuutta raskausajasta aina lapsen 12 vuoden ikään. Katsaukseen sisällytettiin 39 tutkimusta. Aineiston laatua arvioitiin käyttämällä Joanna Briggs -arviointivälineitä ja aineisto analysointiin sisältölähtöisesti luokittelemalla.
Lapsiperheiden psykososiaalisen tuen hoito- ja asiakastyön käytännöt kuvataan kolmen pääkategorian kautta: osallisuuden ja voimavarojen tuki (sisältäen vanhemmuuden tuki, parisuhteen tuki, vanhemman ja lapsen välisen vuorovaikutuksen tuki, toiminnallisuuden vahvistaminen, kouluympäristöjen kehittäminen), oikea-aikainen tuki ja huolen tunnistaminen (sisältäen puheeksi ottaminen, valmentava työote, yhteistyön rakentaminen), ja tieto muutoksen tukena (sisältäen oikea-aikainen tieto ymmärryksen edistämiseksi, digitaaliset interventiot lapsiperheille).
Nykyisin psykososiaalisen tuen käsitettä käytetään harvoin lapsiperheiden tutkimuksissa. Kun sen rinnalla käytetään monia rinnakkaiskäsitteitä, ilmiökenttä pirstaloituu. Psykososiaalisen tuen käsitteen selkeyttäminen tieteellisessä keskustelussa voi tukea psykososiaalisen tuen käytäntöjen kehittämistä ja korostaa niiden tärkeyttä kaikessa sosiaali-, terveys-, ja kasvatusalan työssä. Psykososiaalinen tuki auttaa universaalisti ja kattavasti kaikkia lapsiperheitä, myös riskiryhmiä. Ennaltaehkäisevänä käytäntönä psykososiaalinen tuki edellyttää oikea-aikaisuutta ja ammatillista osaamista erityisesti vuorovaikutustaidoissa.