bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology transfer to developing regions: A Corps of Engineers/IHD project
Authors: Hawkins Edward F.
Published: October 2011

Early discussions leading to the International Hydrological Decade stressed the objective of stimulating ‘scientific research in hydrology.’ There was some reluctance to include proposals that emphasized practical applications of techniques because of fears that resources needed to stimulate worldwide activity in the fundamental science might be diverted to the solution of immediate problems of water resources development.

The need for emphasizing scientific hydrology was generally accepted, and this emphasis has generally prevailed in the formulation of IHD programs, particularly in the United States. [USNC/IHD, 1965, 1966; Heindl, 1970]. However, it was recognized that attention should also be given to improving the utilization of the information from the research in more efficient planning, design, and operation of water resource projects. It was reasoned that development of methods, as well as the training of personnel in their efficient use, should parallel efforts to acquire wholly new knowledge. Subsequently, this reasoning was confirmed by plenary action of the IHD's Mid‐Decade Conference which urged additional emphasis on the application of scientific results to practical problems.
International Symposium on Modeling Techniques
Authors: Kisiel C. C.
Published: October 2011

The International Symposium on Modeling Techniques in Water Resource Systems was organized by Environment Canada and chaired by Asit K. Biswas of that organization in Ottawa. Under his editorship, two volumes of the Proceedings, containing 35 papers, were produced and are now available from the agency. A third volume will include the State‐of‐the‐Art Papers, papers not included earlier, and discussions. The collection should prove valuable for those interested in judging for themselves about the future of modeling techniques.
Snow and ice management—An AWRA symposium session
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The USNC/IHD Work Group on Snow and Ice, in cooperation with the American Water Resources Association (AWRA), sponsored a session on Snow and Ice Management as part of the AWRA Symposium on Watersheds in Transition, held at Colorado State University (CSU).

James R. Meiman, of the CSU Department of Watershed Sciences, summed up the well‐presented papers and stimulating discussion in the following way: (1) ‘We have the bag of tools’ to manage snow and ice in many regions; (2) There are many constraints on the application of knowledge to manage snow and ice on the watersheds for hydrological purposes, and many of these constraints result from the interests of parties who wish to use the watershed for other than water yield; (3) Techniques for prediction of the results of snow‐and‐ice management practices have been successful in restricted areas and are ready to be used and tested in larger ones; (4) It is now necessary to consider the effects of management for water yield in conjunction with management for other purposes so as to develop an understanding of their compatibility; and (5) The techniques developed for management of snow and ice for water yield should now be considered for use in their management for other purposes such as recreation, wildlife conservation, and transportation.
Hydrological data and computers
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Workshop Seminar on Computer Storing and Processing of Hydrological Data was held on October 19–20, 1971, at the University of Laval, in Quebec. The Seminar, part of the Canadian program for the IHD, was organized on behalf of the CNC/IHD by the Quebec Department of Natural Resources.
Venus from Venera 8
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In an interview with the Novasti press agency, Alexander Vinogradov, Vice‐President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, reported on the analysis of new data on Venus from the Venera 8 probe.
M.S. option in applied meteorology
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A new M.S. option in applied meteorology is now being offered at Florida State University. The thesis type M.S. program, which will allow considerable outside course work, is designed for B.S. graduates in meteorology who are interested in applying their meteorological knowledge in other fields of study. The program is intended to be quite flexible and could involve the use of meteorology or climatology in such diverse areas as city planning, biological succession, economics, or transportation. Programs in such areas as marine meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, statistical meteorology, or hydrometeorology could also be arranged under this option.
AIAA/AGU Space Science Conference
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

An American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Space Science Conference on the Exploration of the Outer Solar System will be held on July 10–12, 1973, at the Brown Palace Hotel in Denver, Colorado. This Specialist Meeting, which is to run parallel with the AIAA Space System's Conference, is cosponsored by the AIAA Technical Committee on Space and Atmospheric Physics, by members of the Boulder, Colorado, Astrophysics Community and by the American Geophysical Union.
New riometer developed
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A compact, all solid state riometer has been developed at the University of California, San Diego, in connection with a research program to study ionospheric absorption at high latitudes. The unit is particularly suitable for unmanned ground stations where reliability must be high and power consumption low.

In the new units the thermionic diodes, which have been used traditionally as a reference noise source, have been replaced by low power planar silicon transistors. These have a good linear response and do not require any special power supplies. A regular sequence of calibrations has been arranged using logic circuitry so that the stability of the riometer can be monitored easily. A crystal clock is an integral part of the unit to maintain accurate timing. The system time constant has been set as low as 0.2 sec in order that rapidly changing details of absorption events can be studied with the instrument.
Reply [to “Comment on ‘Large‐scale concentration and conversion of solar energy” by Hildebrandt, et al.” Comments on “Solar energy”]
Authors: Hildebrandt A. F. , Haas G. M. , Jenkins W. R. , Colaco J. P.
Published: October 2011

We agree with Lister as to the substantial logistics involved in developing heliostat systems for large‐scale solar energy utilization. Our calculations show that solar energy is capable of supplying a large fraction of our energy needs by the year 2000; there are too few possible solutions available that can affect our impending energy crisis significantly. The effect on the economy because of the capital formation burden may be significant but will only be put into perspective after much more study.
The professional movement in science
Authors: Godfrey James T.
Published: October 2011

During the past several years a growing concern has developed among scientists about the apparent lack of attention by professional groups to the more pragmatic details affecting their existence. This feeling is manifested in discussions about cutbacks in research funding, employment difficulties, the sort of research that should be proposed to meet the nation's needs, and whether past research has been relevant to these needs—to name a few examples. The majority of professional organizations seem to have fairly well‐defined roles that often exclude them from effectively tackling these issues.

Many of the traditionally ‘pure’ professional societies, whose major functions deal with the dissemination of knowledge within a particular specialty, are attempting to respond to their members' professional concerns. For example, the American Physical Society (APS) addresses itself to such questions as manpower supply and demand and, through the newly organized Forum on Physics and Society, is vocally considering the science and society question. Efforts at embarking on an active program of professionalism, however, have stirred controversy and met some resistance. Similarly, the American Chemical Society (ACS) is moving towards devoting more time to the professional concerns of chemists. In engineering circles, the American Institute of Astronautics and Aeronautics (AIAA), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) have all opened Washington offices this past year.
National Water Resources Engineering Meeting of the American Society of Civil Engineers
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

‘Water is Everybody's Business’ is the theme of the National Water Resources Engineering Meeting of the American Society of Civil Engineers. The meeting will be held at the Washington Hilton Hotel. Washington, D.C, January 29–February 2, 1973.

The ASCE meeting will give those in attendance an opportunity to present and discuss current technical and professional developments in the civil engineering field, concentrating especially in the area of water resources engineering. Forty‐nine technical and professional sessions are scheduled with approximately 200 authors represented.
Plans laid for International Symposium on Underground Waste Management and Artificial Recharge
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Officials for the International Symposium on Underground Waste Management and Artificial Recharge met in New Orleans to develop the symposium organization and make preliminary plans for the meeting scheduled for September 26–30, 1973 in New Orleans. Louisiana. The symposium is sponsored by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists. U.S. Geological Survey, and the International Association of Hydrological Sciences. Shown in their meeting room at the Petroleum Club in New Orleans are:
Conference on Marine Research and Marine Exploitation
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Second International Conference on Marine Research and Marine Exploitation, ‘Interocean ‘73,’ will be held in Dusseldorf, Germany, November 13–18, 1973. The major themes of the conference are: minerals from the sea floor, marine pollution, and oceanographic engineering.
Solid‐Earth and ocean tides: Report on the First GEOP Research Conference
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Geodesy/Solid‐Earth and Ocean Physics (GEOP) Research Conferences were established to stimulate interdisciplinary research in the fields of geodesy, solid‐earth and ocean physics within universities, research foundations, industrial and governmental organizations. This aim is to be achieved by an informal type of meeting consisting of invited speakers and a discussion panel supplemented by a small number of contributing speakers, when sufficient time is available, to stimulate discussion among the members. This type of meeting is thought to be a valuable means of disseminating information and ideas to an extent that could not be achieved through the usual channels of publication and presentation at scientific meetings.

Meetings are held at regular intervals (every three months) during a two‐day period, generally at The Ohio State University. The morning of the first day is generally reserved for a tutorial lecture presented by an eminent scientist.
Fall Annual Meeting 1972
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Meeting was held at the Jack Tar Hotel in San Francisco, December 4–7. Over 1600 registrants attended 84 scientific sessions. Exhibitors included: Defense Mapping Agency, Aerospace Center, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Kinemetrics, Inc., McGraw‐Hill Book Company, Radian Corporation, Scripps—Deep Sea Drilling Project, Spectrox, Teledyne Geotech, and TRW Systems, Inc. The complete abstract program was published in the November 1972 issue of EOS, pages 960–1140.
National Symposium on Estimation of Storm Rainfall Patterns
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A symposium on Estimation of Storm Rainfall Patterns is being organized by the Precipitation Committee of the AGU Section of Hydrology. It will be held in conjunction with the Fall Annual Meeting in San Francisco, December 10–14, 1973.

Papers are invited in the following topic areas: modeling of storm rainfall patterns over both fixed geographical areas and over storm‐centered areas, including orographic and convective type storms; effects of the variability of precipitation patterns on the planning, operation, and management of water resource systems; methods for determining the reliability of areal rainfall estimates, as a function of measurement technique, network design, geographical area, time interval, area size, and rainfall type.
1973 Engineering Foundation Conference
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

An Engineering Foundation Conference is scheduled at New England College, Henniker, New Hampshire, July 15–20, 1973, on ‘Energy Research—Alternatives for Policy and Management to Meet Regional and National Needs.’ The conference will be sponsored by the five founding societies plus other professional and industrial organizations that have a primary interest in energy development.

The 1973 summer study conference will deal, on an interdisciplinary basis, with the options and alternative arrangements for performance of needed energy‐related research and development. In addition to a series of overview papers, with response from business, government and public interest groups, the conference will feature a series of creative workshops that will seek new organizational forms and managerial techniques appropriate to this critical problem area. In addition to representatives from the primary engineering disciplines, conferees will also include physical scientists, political scientists, economists, architects and planners.
Case studies in water resources planning
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A Special Summer Program at MIT will be held June 25–June 29, 1973. This program will use the case study approach to explore the systematic formulation and solution of several real problems in water resources planning and management. The problems, concerning flood plain management, urban development, river basin planning, water quality issues, and project evaluation, have been chosen for their illustration of decision‐making in the face of multiple objectives, many alternatives, uncertainty, and the role of systems technology in their solution. The program is designed especially for practitioners at the project leader level who are concerned with the applicability of modern analytical methods and planning concepts to their water resource problems.
Third Congress of the International Society for Rock Mechanics
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Third International Congress of the International Society for Rock Mechanics will be held in Denver, Colorado, September 1–7, 1974. The objective of this congress is to ascertain, on an international scale, the advances that have been made in rock mechanics since the Second International Congress of the ISRM and to indicate directions for future effort. Each of the 5 congress themes will be reviewed by a general reporter and discussed by a panel of experts. Selected individual papers will be presented by their authors and discussed in other sessions. All registrants will receive three volumes of the congress papers in advance and a fourth volume containing the discussions following the congress.
Snow and ice in hydrology
Authors: Davidson Gail
Published: October 2011

Joint symposia on the role of snow and ice in hydrology, sponsored by Unesco and WMO, were convened concurrently in September 1972 at the Banff School of Fine Arts, Banff, Alberta. Opening of the sessions was appropriately marked with an early season snowfall. The Unesco Symposium on Properties and Processes included five sessions as did that convened by WMO, the Symposium on Measurement and Forecasting. More than 200 participants gathered from 13 countries the bulk of them from Canada and the United States. Other countries represented were England, Norway, The Netherlands, Sweden, Finland' France, the USSR, the Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, Switzerland, and Japan.
The Intersection of Mathematics and Water
Authors: Yotsukura N.
Published: October 2011

The book consists of the Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Stochastic Hydraulics held at the University of Pittsburgh from May 31 to June 2, 1971. Since the symposium was the first meeting of this nature, the book serves as a timely and valuable reference for the assessment of stochastic methodologies as applied to a wide range of hydraulic problems in recent years.
Tracking the Wandering Waters
Authors: McKee E. M.
Published: October 2011

In 1972 the International Field Year for the Great Lakes finally took to the field as a multidisciplinary study of Lake Ontario. Various physical, biological, and human use factors affecting the entire water mass are being investigated. Measurement of the circulation patterns within the water mass relates to all aspects of the lake and is vital for a true cross‐discipline study.

As a brief, concise layman's catalogue of the instruments and techniques presently being used to obtain measurements of currents in the Great Lakes, Measurement of Currents in the Great Lakes is an excellent job. The differences between the fixed meter, or Eulerian technique, and the free‐drifter, or Lagrangian technique, and the advantages of each are clearly stated, as are the discussions of the various support buoys and towers. The technical descriptions and diagrams are explicit and uncluttered with technical details needed only when actually working with the equipment. Appendix 2 provides the concerned reader with the names and addresses of the current meter manufacturers who can supply all the technical information concerning specific meters mentioned in the manual.
Proposals involving ethical and human value implications of science and technology
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Recently, there has been mounting interest throughout our society in the ethical and human value implications of science and technology. This area is related to both technology assessment and environmental impact, as well as to ethics, moral philosophy and law; but it is more specialized than any of these in its sharper focus on cultural and humanistic values as they are challenged, modified or influenced by advances in science and technology.

Although the National Endowment for the Humanities and the National Science Foundation have in the past supported activities related to this subject, both foundations, individually and in collaboration, are now prepared, on a selective and limited basis, to consider fresh approaches in support of scholarly activities in this field. Such approaches may include research and other forms of scholarly investigation, together with conferences, colloquia, seminars and similar activities.
AWARE Seminar on Process Design Techniques for Industrial Waste Treatment
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Associated Water and Air Resource Engineers, Inc., of Nashville, Tennessee, is sponsoring a seminar on Process Design Techniques for Industrial Waste Treatment to be held June 26–28, 1973, at the Sheraton—Nashville Hotel.

This seminar is directed towards developing an integrated design for treatment of an organic wastewater to meet the new federal effluent criteria. Not only will process concepts be discussed, but also each step in the design will be calculated. Both capital and operational costs will be comprehensively developed for each unit process and for alternative systems.
IUCRM Colloquim on the Fine Scale Structure of Precipitation and EIVI Propagation
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Inter‐Union Commission of Radio Meteorology will hold a colloquium on the Fine Scale Structure of Precipitation and Electromagnetic Propagation. The colloquium will be held from October 23 to 31, 1973, at the Observatoire de Nice. The purpose of this colloquium is to study the fine‐scale structure of precipitation, how this structure relates to characteristics and problems of electromagnetic wave propagation, and to learn more about the detailed vertical and horizontal structure of storms.

Key topics will be introduced by review papers which will be prepared and presented by invited speakers. Generally the topics of the review papers will form the basis for the scientific sessions which follow the presentation of all the review papers. The scientific sessions will stress the presentation of recent research results which are germane to the subject of the colloquium.
CCOP technical bulletin
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Committee for Coordination of Joint Prospecting for Mineral Resources in Asian Offshore Areas (CCOP) was established in 1966 as an intergovernmental body under the sponsorship of the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE). CCOP's main function is the promotion and coordination of planning and implementation of offshore geophysical and other prospecting projects on the marine shelves of the member countries, presently comprising Indonesia, Japan, the Khmer Republic, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, the Republic of Viet Nam, and Thailand.

In 1968 the first volume of the CCOP Technical Bulletin was issued to publish scientific studies relating to marine geology and offshore prospecting for mineral resources, particularly accounts and detailed reports of the results of offshore surveys conducted through the medium of CCOP.
Institute on Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Volcanology
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A two‐week Institute entitled Volcanism on Earth and in the Solar System will be held at the International School of Earth Sciences Erice, Trapani, Sicily, from October 7 to 20, 1973. The institute is being sponsored by a number of Italian organizations including the Italian National Research Council (CNR), the Regional Sicilian Government (ERS), and the Italian Ministry of Public Education (MPI). Two optional field trips are also scheduled, one to the Mt. Etna volcanic fields several days before the institute begins and the other to the nearby Aeolian Islands of Stromboli, Lipari, and Vulcano several days after the institute. All lectures will be presented in English at a professional development level by an international team of about 20 distinguished European and American authorities. Attendance from the U.S. and abroad will be limited to about 100.
Seventh International Conference on Water Pollution Research
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The International Association on Water Pollution Research will hold its Seventh International Conference September 9–13, 1974, at the Centre International de Paris. The program will consist of technical sessions for the presentation and discussion of original research and development papers on all of marine freshwater pollution and wastewater treatment; workshop sessions; visits to modern treatment plants, and research institutes and postconference technical tours.

Papers may be submitted on the following topics: water quality standards; chemical and biological methodology; legal, administrative problems, river basin management; financing of pollution control authorities; disposal of organic and inorganic sludge; sewerage, aerobic treatment and aeration; anaerobic biological treatment; estuarine analysis and marine environment; tertiary treatment methods; eutrophication; stream analysis and river pollution consideration; fish studies; physical and chemical treatment of municipal and industrial wastewaters; industrial waste treatment; virus methodology and technology; and problems of developing countries and arid zones.
Toward an energy ethic
Authors: Gustavson M. R.
Published: October 2011

Nationalistic, greedy, myopic, unfeeling, ignorant‐these are the words that so frequently enter current dialogs on energy resources. Enter or end them. For often what starts as a dialog ends in an exchange of charges. The issues continue unresolved.

Although important topics frequently lead to heated exchanges, for energy resources there is a deeper set of causes at work. There are disagreements as to the nature or even the existence of the problem. There are differences in the types of consequences that are of primary concern. There is no commonly accepted and suitable framework within which to resolve many of the fundamental issues.
Quake Control Experiment
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The first phase of a field experiment to control earthquakes has been successfully completed by scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey.

The announcement of the breakthrough in earthquake research was made by USGS scientists C.B. Raleigh and J.H. Healy of the Survey's National Center for Earthquake Research, Menlo Park, California, and J. Bredehoeft, of the agency's Water Resources Division, Denver, Colorado.
Conference on Fracture Mechanics and Earthquake Source Mechanisms
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Second Geological Society of America Penrose Conference on Fracture Mechanics and Earthquake Source Mechanisms will be held August 27–31, 1974, at the Mountain Chalet, Snowmass‐at‐Aspen, Colorado. The conference immediately precedes the Third ISRM International Rock Mechanics Congress in Denver.

Nine morning and evening discussion sessions include invited review papers and a few contributed talks on promising research in experimental fracture mechanics and friction, state of stress in the earth's crust, numerical modeling, physics of tremor sources, and earthquake prediction and prevention. Final program content and format depend on timely and late‐breaking research discoveries.
Second International Symposium In Hydrology: Fort Collins, Colorado September 11”13, 1972
Authors: Feldman A. D.
Published: October 2011

Approximately 150 persons from 25 countries participated in the Second International Symposium in Hydrology at Fort Collins last summer. The symposium addressed itself to three subjects: floods, droughts, and decision making with inadequate data. The symposium was cosponsored by the American Society of Civil Engineers, the section of hydrology of the American Geophysical Union, the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Unesco, the U.S. National Committee for the International Hydrological Decade, and Colorado State University.

The first two topics of the symposium, floods and droughts, critically reviewed existing concepts and methodologies used in past water resource applications as well as new concepts and methods from research activities. The five sessions on floods discussed precipitation probability, deterministic systems in surface runoff, hydrologic system simulation, flood frequency analysis, and regional flood frequency analysis. The two sessions relating to drought studies concerned moisture availability as it relates to droughts and the statistical evaluation of droughts. Papers ranged from analyses of specific agricultural droughts to generalized models and the regional economic impacts of droughts. The potential effects of weather modification were also considered. The statistical studies reported included consideration of the temporal and spatial structure of drought events and discussions of old and new distributions to describe the drought processes.
The President's Page: Building the Geodynamics Project
Authors: Drake Charles L.
Published: October 2011

The President of the American Geophysical Union from 1948 to 1953 specialized in zoology as an undergraduate and received his doctorate in paleontology, although he is best known for his work in sedimentation and structural geology. Perhaps the election of a man with this background was a harbinger of things to come, since recent findings in geology and geophysics have led to a model of the earth in which it is apparent that the data from seismology, paleontology, paleomagnetism, sedimentology, geochemistry, structural geology, and other subdisciplines of the earth sciences are related in a very intimate way.

Before his death in 1965 this man, Walter Bucher, wrote a paper entitled ‘The Third Confrontation’ in which he recognized that the earth sciences were in for a major upheaval. Bucher noted that twice before there had been major confrontations between geologists and geophysicists. The first, in 1899, came when Kelvin estimated the age of the earth to be between 20 and 40 m.y., a concept that was distressing to geologists and paleontologists. The second, early in this century, concerned the origin of ocean basins, which, in the eyes of the foremost geologists of the day, were sunken or collapsed continents. This concept was geophysically unappealing.
NSF awards grant to study geothermal area in Montana
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation announced support for research that could be the first step toward development of a hot geothermal area that appears to be located near the earth's surface in the vicinity of Marysville, central Montana.

The NSF funding in the amount of $250,200, covers completion of a series of geophysical surveys and selection of a test well site. The project will be directed by the Battelle Memorial Institute's Pacific Northwest Laboratories branch at Richland, Washington.
The Fifth International Postgraduate Course in Geothermics
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The International Institute for Geothermal Research of Pisa has organized an International Postgraduate Course in Geothermics, under the auspices of the National Research Council of Italy, of the Italian Ministry for Foreign Affairs, and of Unesco. The course will be held January 15–October 15, 1974.

The purpose of the course is the preparation of specialists in the field of geothermics, i.e., in geology, geophysics, and engineering, applied to research and exploitation of geothermal fields. Included will be a period of theoretical lectures and seminars at the International Institute for Geothermal Research in Pisa and a period of practical training. The latter will take place in specialized research centers and in the field, and at the producing steam fields themselves.
Geological survey activities in the Earth Sciences Minority Program
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Many employees of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) are striving to interest members of minority groups in earth sciences and mineral engineering. The principal emphasis is on the disciplines in the earth sciences: geology, geophysics, geochemistry, hydrology, cartography, and geography for the most part. Few of the activities require formal arrangements, so the exact extent of the total effort is not centrally recorded or controlled. In fact, the informal, personal approach to local problems and individual opportunities is encouraged.
Tow icebergs to water‐short areas?
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The once seemingly impractical idea of towing icebergs from the Arctic and Antarctic oceans to watershort coastal areas now appears to be an ‘exciting possibility,’ according to a recently published report written by Wilford Weeks, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, and William Campbell, U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior. Recent developments such as the possibility of using satellite photography to locate suitable iceberg fields, the growing need to counteract thermal pollution, and the development of ‘super’ tugboats make the idea of towing and melting icebergs a more feasible and attractive means of supplying needed water in some areas.

After preliminary assessment of the availability and transportation aspects of iceberg towing, the authors feel that ‘the results of the study are very exciting and that the possibility of delivering ice to coastal sites in Australia and western South America for a cost of less than one cent per thousand gallons is certainly sufficient motivation to explore the idea is considerably more detail.’
Standard methods for assessing nation's water urged
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A ‘how‐to’ handbook, providing a set of recommended methods for gathering and reporting data on the quantity and quality of the nation's water resources, has been released by the U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior.

The result of the combined effort of more than 70 scientists representing 15 federal agencies, the technical report describes and lists selected methods for gathering data on surface water, groundwater, water‐borne chemicals, sediments, and bacteria, and includes a section on the use of automatic water quality monitors.
Reaeration of streams and reservoirs
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Hundreds of miles of streams in the United States are in violation of state water quality standards for dissolved oxygen. In some cases these violations are a generally unforeseen consequence of deep reservoirs that stratify thermally during the summer, with warmer water at the surface and cooler water at depth. The decay of organic matter on the bottom within the mainstream and tributary inflows, or created within the reservoir itself, consumes great amounts of dissolved oxygen. In a matter of weeks the bottom layer, the hypohmnion, of a reservoir may become severely deficient in dissolved oxygen. In a few cases decay of organic material creates anaerobic or septic conditions resulting in noxious gases such as methane, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide. Furthermore, metals such as iron and manganese may be converted to reduced forms that are soluble in the bottom waters.
New publication describes weather services planned
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Intensified efforts to improve severe storm warnings and to foster disaster preparedness are planned by federal agencies during the coming fiscal year. Expanded weather services to aviation also are projected. The newly published ‘Federal Plan for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research: Fiscal Year 1974’ includes activities of all federal agencies conducting such programs.

Programs planned for the coming year would cost $504,659,000, an increase of $22,032,000 over fiscal year 1973. For the most part the increase would be used to take advantage of modern technology, including computers, satellites, ocean buoys, automatic weather stations, remote sensing, and automated datahandling techniques, in order to provide improved weather services with reduced manpower.
Penrose Conference on Magnetic Interpretation
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A Penrose Conference on The Geologic Interpretation of Magnetic Data will be held during the week of April 14, 1974, at the Sheraton International Conference Center, Reston, Virginia.
The President's Page: International Program of Ocean Drilling
Authors: Abelson Philip H.
Published: October 2011

The United States continues to demonstrate top quality in scientific enterprise and conspicuously in those areas that are sometimes called ‘big science.’ In matters pertaining to the American Geophysical Union, three major examples stick out: lunar exploration, the ERTS program, and the Deep Sea Drilling Project.

We can all be proud of the effectiveness with which these programs have been implemented. The three alone would give this nation a legitimate claim t o international distinction in science. Conversations with scientists of other lands confirm that this view is widely shared.
Earth passes between Pioneer 10 and the Sun
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The earth has passed between the Jupiter‐bound Pioneer 10 spacecraft and the sun. This is the second ‘inferior conjunction’ the spacecraft has experienced since launch to Jupiter in March of 1972. From this point, orbital travel of the earth will move it away from the spacecraft for the next six months.

Pioneer 10 now is 90 million kilometers from Jupiter, and 530 mill ion kilometers from earth. The unmanned spacecraft will reach Jupiter on December 3 for history's first visit to the giant planet.
Catalogue lists available space photos
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Over 300 composite ‘false‐color’ satellite pictures that include most of the major urban areas in the United States as well as selected locations around the world are now available for purchase, according to a new bimonthly catalogue of the U.S. Geological Survey.

Each picture, available as color prints or transparencies in sizes from 10×10 inches to 40×40 inches, covers an area of about 13,000 square miles. The pictures were prepared from simultaneous exposures in three wavelength bands taken by NASA's Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS 1). The exposures were combined to provide false‐color pictures in which vigorous vegetation appears bright red, clear water as dark blue, silty water as light blue, and bare fields, roads, and housing clusters as varied shades of white, gray, and light blue.
The Marine Technology Society honors William T. Pecora
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Marine Technology Society's Third Annual Memorial Lecture was given by John C. Whitaker, undersecretary of the Department of the Interior, at the opening of the MTS conference on September 10.

The presentation was in honor of the late William T. Pecora, former Director of the U.S. Geological Survey. Whitaker reviewed Pecora's accomplishments as a scientist and administrator and discussed his conservation philosophy and its relationship to the current energy supply problem.
The New Polytechnic Institute of New York
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In May 1972 the legislature of the State of New York passed a bill, subsequently signed by the Governor, authorizing the use of the New York City University Construction Fund to purchase the University Heights campus of New York University for the sole use of Bronx Community College. The bill further stipulated that there be a merger between the NYU School of Engineering and Science (including the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography) and the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. A merger agreement was reached in April 1973, to be effective September 1, 1973. The title of the new institution is the Polytechnic Institute of New York and its headquarters are at 333 Jay Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201.
Macquarie University introduces new courses for the minerals industry
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Macquarie University will introduce two new developments in 1974 for students planning to work in the minerals industry. One is a minerals industry specialization within the existing diploma and master's programs in business administration, and the other is a diploma of geoscience. The new programs will be sponsored by the School of Earth Sciences and the business administration staff in the School of Economic and Financial Studies.

A development in the area of advanced education for the mining and petroleum industries is the introduction of a diploma of geoscience by the School of Earth Sciences, which will include strands in mineral exploration and exploration geophysics. Intended to bring the recent graduate to professional level and to provide a means of continuing education for the active specialist, the programs are under the supervision of Peter F. Howard and K. Vozoff. Both have extensive practical exploration experience and are assisted by the largest geology and geophysics staffs of any Australian university. The program will include an advanced interdisciplinary seminar on the Economics and Finance of the Minerals Industry, which will emphasize discussions with leading mineral industry executives. The diploma augments the present honors and graduate programs in geology and geophysics.
“Negative feedback” in tropical rainstorms
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Soviet Union have made unique oceanographic measurements that show that rainstorms in the tropics sometimes put a damper on their own activity.

Two NOAA scientists and a meteorologist from the USSR Hydrometeorological Service reported recently that measurements they made last July from a Soviet research ship, the R.V. Professor Zubov, show that the rainstorms cool the upper level of the ocean sufficiently to inhibit the upward convection of warm, moist air that causes the storms in the first place.
Water resources perspective: The Hydrotech Club of Portland
Authors: Orem Hollis M. , Morse William L.
Published: October 2011

For over 25 years, Portland, Oregon, has been a center for hydrologic, meteorologic, hydraulic, electric power, and water resources planning activities in the Pacific Northwest. This circumstance can be attributed in part to the functioning of the Water Management, Hydrology, and Power Planning subcommittees of the Columbia Basin Inter‐Agency Committee, which was superseded by the Pacific Northwest River Basins Commission in 1967. Furthermore, in Portland there are important offices of the Corps of Engineers, the National Weather Service, the Geological Survey, the Bonneville Power Administration, the Soil Conservation Service, the Forest Service, the state of Oregon, and private utilities, such as the Northwest Natural Gas Company, the Pacific Power and Light Company, the Portland General Electric Company, and the Leupold and Stevens Company (a manufacturer of hydrologic instruments).
Tapping the Earth—Water Well Technology
Authors: Harshbarger J. W.
Published: October 2011

This treatise represents the results of a monumental task and courageous effort. The authors are to be commended for their untiring search through many complex technical matters to find the optimum methods for development of water wells. As a result, this book presents the most comprehensive coverage available today, under a single cover, on drilling methods, well construction, and related technical aspects of the development of groundwater.
WMO Casebook—Another View
Authors: Peck E. L.
Published: October 2011

This Casebook provides an almost unique compilation of experiences and effort in designing hydrological networks. The design of such net works is one of the most difficult problems in the field of hydrology. There are many papers in the literature dealing with various aspects of the problem but few present methods that can be directly applied to field situations. It is here that the Casebook makes its substantial contribution.
Muddy Waters—A Quantification
Authors: Nordine C.
Published: October 2011

This report is a contribution to the Unesco‐sponsored project of the International Hydrological Decade called the World Water Balance. Water discharge and sediment discharge records for 27 drainage areas for the period 1950–1969 were used to estimate the sediment contributions to the ocean from the conterminous United States.
Foreign Reports Available on Loan
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Copies of the following reports are available free on loan from the office of the U.S. National Committee for the IHD.

Department for Surface Waters of the Institute, Monthly Hydrological Bulletin of Hungary, vol. 6, no. 1, Research Institute for Water Resources Development, 20 pp., 17 maps and charts, January 1972.
Geophysicists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Joseph S. Cragwell has been appointed Assistant Director for Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey.

The Department of Geological and Geophysical Sciences, University of Utah, has appointed Gerald W. Hohmann as Adjunct Associate Professor.
Epelrogeny and plate tectonics
Authors: Menard H.W.
Published: October 2011

This review is generated by an intensification of interest in a classical subject of geology, vertical motions of the crust and their causes. The subject was examined qualitatively for more than a century within a paradigm of a mainly static earth that merely moved up and down. The new interest derives from the fact that some aspects of vertical motion can now be explained semi‐quantitatively and also from the realization that, in the paradigm of a dynamic earth, some vertical motions are related to horizontal drifting.

The fact that large regions of the earth are warped vertically has been known since the beginnings of modern geology. Lyell [1835] cites Playfair and Von Buch among others who recognized the uplift of Scandinavia. Likewise, Darwin [1842] observed that the distribution of atolls and elevated islands establishes regional warping of ocean basins. The term ‘epeirogeny’ was coined by Gilbert [1890] to describe this broad, gentle warping, which is such a common feature of the history of the whole earth.
Major program to increase accuracy of geodetic network
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Secretary of Commerce Frederick B. Dent has announced a major program by the United States, Canada, and Mexico to modernize the geodetic network that provides the basis for all accurate horizontal surveying on the North American continent. Cost of the task, which was last performed almost a half century ago, is estimated at $16,000,000.

The United States portion of the program is being conducted by the National Geodetic Survey, an agency of the Commerce Department's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Efforts of the three governments are coordinated by John D. Bossier, Scientific Advisor to the Director of the National Geodetic Survey; L.A. Gale, Chief of the Geodetic Survey of Canada in Ottawa; and Eng. J. Alberto Villasana, Secretary of the Office of the President in Mexico City. Mexican participation in the program is being handled by the National Territory Studies Commission. The Mexican horizontal network comprises approximately 2000 geodetic survey points, the Canadian horizontal network about 8000 points, and the American network an estimated 120,000 points.
1974 directory of U.S. marine scientists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Ocean Science Committee of the Ocean Affairs Board of the National Academy of Sciences is assembling information for a 1974 Directory of U.S. Marine Scientists. The primary candidates for inclusion in the Directory are those scientists who have their principal interest in the marine sciences and who have published scientific papers in this field during the last several years. The directors of offices and organizations whose functions are primarily in some aspect of marine science will also be included.
International Symposium on Mathematical Geophysics
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The IUGG Inter‐Association Committee on Mathematical Geophysics is sponsoring the tenth in a series of international symposia devoted to mathematical geophysics to be held in Cambridge, England, from June 25 to July 6, 1974.

All scientists interested in attending the symposium are asked to communicate with J.A. Hudson, organizer of the symposium, as soon as possible.
International Congress of Scientists on the Human Environment
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Science Council of Japan will hold an International Congress of Scientists on the Human Environment in November 1975 in Tokyo and Kyoto, Japan.

The congress will be open to scientists of all nations and limited to about 200 participants who will be able to discuss all fields of the natural and social sciences and technology of human environment strictly as scientists.
CIRES Visiting Fellowship Program
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences promotes research and teaching in the physical sciences related to the earth and its environment. CIRES is jointly supported by the University of Colorado and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and serves as a center for multidisciplinary collaboration of research workers from the numerous scientific laboratories in Boulder and elsewhere. Currently, the principal research interests are in the mechanics of the solid earth, earthquakes, the geomagnetic field and paleomagnetism, electrical and electromagnetic phenomena within the earth, its atmosphere, and the space around it, and the dynamics of the atmosphere.

The Visiting Fellows Program provides an opportunity for outstanding scientists working in appropriate fields to spend a period of time, normally one year, at CIRES.