bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los inicios del turismo en México durante la segunda mitad del siglo xix y el Porfiriato a través de la prensa
Authors: Pérez Alfaro María Magdalena
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo busca ofrecer una aproximación a los inicios del turismo en México, teniendo como fuente principal la prensa publicada en el periodo que va de la segunda mitad del siglo xix al fin del porfiriato. El objetivo es analizar los indicios que ofrece esta fuente primaria para conocer la manera en que se desarrolló el viaje turístico en nuestro país desde su “llegada” hasta su adopción por la elite porfiriana. También se recuperan las evidencias del establecimiento de comercios, servicios, transportes y actividades lucrativas asociados al turismo que permiten afirmar que, a partir de la década de 1880, comenzó a desarrollarse una incipiente industria turística en nuestro país.
La representación del Old Mexico en la promoción turística estadounidense en la frontera del Distrito Norte de la Baja California, 1890-1920
Authors: Díaz Ramírez Alberto
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar el proceso que originó la aparición de la representación del Old Mexico en la promoción turística estadounidense, la cual estuvo vinculada con el arribo de turistas que se desplazaron al sur de California, influenciados por la publicidad impresa producida por las compañías ferroviarias Southern Pacific, Santa Fe y el Hotel del Coronado. Para lograr este fin se promocionó la romantización del pasado hispano-mexicano a partir de la novela Ramona, publicada por Helen Hunt Jackson, la cual rememoró la nostalgia de la California mexicana, antes de la llegada de los anglo-americanos. En este artículo se realizó un análisis histórico de las fuentes como folletos, panfletos, guías turísticas, postales y periódicos con la intención de observar las representaciones romantizadas de lo mexicano en los productos impresos en el sur de San Diego. Se historizó la creación de todo un imaginario exótico y pintoresco que gradualmente se trasladó al Distrito Norte de la Baja California y se asoció que cruzar la frontera era experimentar el verdadero Old Mexico. Posteriormente, en la segunda década del siglo XX, dicha representación se transformó y aludió a imágenes y estereotipos negativos de la frontera mexicana. De esta manera, se busca aportar a la comprensión del proceso histórico que tuvo la actividad turística en la región fronteriza del sur de California y en el Distrito Norte, a finales del siglo XIX y en los dos primeros decenios del siglo xx.
El palo volador: eje cósmico y marcador del espacio-tiempo mítico en la Sierra totonaca de Papantla
Authors: Villani Luisa
Published: October 2024

Desde los estudios mesoamericanos se ha señalado la aguda concepción que se tiene de la relación entre el espacio y el tiempo, por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es exponer el papel que, del palo de la danza de los voladores, desempeña como eje cósmico (axis mundi) y contenedor de los tiempos míticos.
El palo es un controlador del arribo del huracán pues determina el espacio donde llegará este agente meteorológico, siendo el huracán un término intermedio entre eras o ciclos del cosmos, con dos caras representadas por el Caporal y por el Chakganá (en los municipios de Coxquihui y Zozocolco donde ocurría esta variante de danza desde hace más de 40 años), quienes son los hacedores del movimiento que renueva el mundo.
Este trabajo se inserta en el marco de los estudios mesoamericanos de Alfredo López Austin, de quien retomo el concepto de cosmovisión para el estudio de los pueblos mesoamericanos y, particularmente, su explicación respecto a los movimientos en espiral, siendo éstos quienes representan el tiempo que desciende desde las cuatro esquinas del mundo y regresa al centro, punto de convergencia de los tiempos míticos.
La originalidad de este trabajo radica en el estudio de esta variante de Volador, muy poco estudiada, la cual pude conocer gracias a entrevistas dirigidas a los exdanzantes y exmúsicos, y en la comparación entre el Caporal y el Chakganá, así como su doble función: la de llamar al viento para que traiga lluvias, pero manteniendo controlada la tormenta y, también, la de recrear el mundo presente.
Desafíos en la relación comercial de la Alianza del Pacífico y China en el siglo XXI
Authors: Morales Sánchez Carlos Fernando , Pinto Quijano Ángela Cristina , Vergara Crespo Rubén Alfonso
Published: October 2024

El protagonismo de China implica desafíos para los países de la Alianza del Pacífico (AP) que buscan fortalecer su integración. Esto se debe a las asimetrías en el intercambio comercial y reprimarización en el marco del Consenso de los commodities. Desde una perspectiva crítica se examina el posicionamiento comercial entre la AP y China entre los años 2001 y 2021, contrastando el plan quinquenal chino y su estrategia de circulación dual, con un análisis de concentración y composición del comercio. Este periodo permite estudiar el comercio desde la entrada de China a la Organización Mundial de Comercio (OMC). Los hallazgos muestran un deterioro en la posición de los países de la AP, pero también las oportunidades de nivelación mediante la integración en cadenas de valor de bienes intermedios.
Foreign capital in neo-structuralism: The subordinate internationalisation of Latin America
Authors: Martinez Vinicius , Pessoa Linnit
Published: October 2024

This article analyses the subordinate internationalisation of Latin American economies based on the foreign capital understanding in the Latin American neo-structuralism. We discuss the theoretical foundations of this tradition to examine the economic consequences of foreign capital share in the productive structure of these countries after liberalisation. We also identify new forms of susceptibility of Latin American economies through foreign dominance in domestic economic activities. There is an ambiguity in the role of foreign capital, which requires control and coordination to flourish. The State intervention is important to i) enable a positive insertion into global value chains, ii) to foster industrialisation, iii) to mitigate adverse effects of financial flows, and iv) to encourage investments against exogenous cyclical effects.
Ownership structure and female board representation in selected Nigeria-listed firms
Authors: Nnam Imaobong Judith , Chukwunwike David , Okobo Marian Mukosolu
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This paper examines the influence of various ownership structures on female participation on the boards of listed firms in Nigeria between 2012 and 2021. It focuses on how ownership concentration, institutional ownership, and foreign ownership impact gender diversity at the board level.
Methodology
The study uses ownership concentration, institutional ownership, and foreign ownership as proxies for ownership structure, while firm size is included as a control variable to improve the model's goodness of fit. Pooled binary logistic regression was employed to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The results reveal that ownership concentration significantly decreases the presence of females on the boards of quoted companies in Nigeria. In contrast, both institutional ownership and foreign ownership significantly increase female board representation during the study period.
Practical Implications
The study recommends diversifying ownership structures by reducing concentration while promoting institutional and foreign ownership to enhance female representation on corporate boards in Nigeria. These changes could foster gender diversity in corporate governance.
Originality
This research contributes to the literature on board gender diversity by identifying specific ownership structures that facilitate female participation on boards. It provides valuable insights for policymakers seeking to encourage greater institutional and foreign ownership to support gender diversity in Nigerian firms.
Investment yield’s affecting factors in equity crowdfunding
Authors: Astuti Sri Wibawani Wahyuning , Sudiyono Widhiyo , Azzahra Laras
Published: October 2024

Research aims: This research is a quantitative-associative study that aims to analyze the effect of a ratio of company size and NPM on investment yield registered in Santara in 2020.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The population in this study is Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) registered in Santara and the sample of this study was 40 SMEs with sampling technique using a purposive sampling method. The statistical test in this study uses Multiple Linear Regression and the analysis tool used is SPSS Version 25.
Research findings: The results of the test show that (1) company size has no effect on investment yield in SMEs (2) NPM has no effect on investment yield in SMEs. Covid-19 pandemic has made SMEs reluctant to set a Investment Yield that is too high, because it will be dangerous and lead to bankruptcy.
Theoretical contribution/Originality:. This study contributes to knowledge of the Equity Crowdfunding Market, how it works. This study also contributes to prove the signal theory in Equity Crowdfunding Market.
Practitioner/Policy implication: This research has implications for policy makers to consider determining investment yield based on Size and Net Profit Margin.
Research limitation/Implication: The limitation of this study is the minimum of sample. Beside that, this study only focus on one Equity Crowdfunding Platform, so it cannot be generalized to other platforms considering the different policies of each equity crowdfunding platform.
Determinant state earnings qualities better than Private Pharmaceutical Companies
Authors: Putra Indra Lukmana , Maulana Nurefa , Suliswanto Muhammad Sri Wahyudi
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Comparative Earning Quality of State and privately pharmaceutical companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) between 2019-2023 period with liquidity, profitability, solvency and efficiency ratio.
Methodology/approach: After collecting the necessary data, appropriate financial ratios and descriptive statistical techniques are used to analyze, interpret and provide a brief overview of the data collected. the comparison involves two state-owned and two privately-owned pharmaceutical discretionary accruals and earnings persistence for earnings quality, and net profit margin, current ratio, debt-to-equity ratio, and total asset turnover for financial performance measurements.
Findings: net profit margin, current ratio, debt to equity ratio, dan total asset turnover have significant differences in the variables private are superior to those of state pharmaceutical companies. This recommends the importance of improving earnings quality of State pharmaceutical companies
Practical implications: these companies should refrain from earnings manipulation to foster strong and high-quality financial performance, particularly within Indonesia's pharmaceutical sector.
Originality/value:  This comparison aims to contribute to financial management research by providing insights into the performance of different types of pharmaceutical companies based on earnings quality and financial statement ratios, thus offering academic contributions to the field.
Moral-ethical content of sex change in the history of mankind and modern paradigms of its legal regulation
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Леся Анатольевна Душакова , Ольга Григорьевна Зубарева ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: October 2024

The article continues a series of thematic publications on this issue. By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.05.2024 № 309, in order to ensure sustainable economic and social development of the Russian Federation, strengthen state, cultural, value and economic sovereignty, increase the country's population and improve the standard of living of citizens, based on traditional Russian spiritual and moral values and principles of patriotism, the priority of man, social justice and equality of opportunity, ensuring state security and public safety, openness to the outside world, national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future up to 2036 were defined. The phenomenon of transsexualism and gender reassignment is most sensitively manifested within the framework of state family policy as one of the fundamental value bases for preserving the population. Taking into account the need to revise legislation to achieve the targets and fulfill the tasks provided for by Decree № 309, raising the question of the moral and ethical aspects in relation to the natural scientific content of transsexuality, its historical development and modern paradigms of legal regulation of gender reassignment is appropriate and timely.
Parallel import as an urgent problem of legal support for state regulation of entrepreneurial activity
Authors:   Ростовский государственный экономический университет (РИНХ), Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Сергей Анушаванович Григорянц , Татьяна Гайковна Чебоньян ,   Ростовский филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Виктория Сергеевна Гончарова ,   Ростовский государственный экономический университет (РИНХ), Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: October 2024

The significance of this research topic emerges from the evolution within the legal framework support-ing state regulation of entrepreneurial activities, alongside significant shifts in the economic sphere of state affairs. These shifts prompt a legislative response to new challenges. A focal issue is the cessation of partnerships between Western corporations and the Russian market, coupled with the rise of «parallel imports». This phenomenon entails the legal purchase of goods listed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade from abroad, even if they originate from countries that lack amicable ties with Russia. The purpose of the study is to consider one of the urgent problems of legal support for state regulation of entrepreneurial activity – the legislative technique of legalizing parallel imports. Materials and methods. The research materials were normative legal acts of the Russian Federation, monographic studies and scientific articles by domestic theorists and practitioners on the legal support of state regulation of entrepreneurial activity. The main methods of scientific research include the normative and comparative legal method. Results and conclusions. It should be noted that the system of legal regulation of parallel imports and exemption from liability of the business sector for its implementation has formed a number of problematic issues in practice. In particular, according to legislative innovations, the ban on the use of intellectual property objects through their parallel import is a thing of the past, however, the wording and legal structure of the changes that have entered into force are of concern, the literal interpretation of which allows us to conclude that at the moment any entrepreneur can freely adapt the methods of acquiring intellectual property objects of foreign rightholders for further resale whose product is subject to parallel import, which does not correspond to the main objectives of the law. In general, considering the controversial nature of parallel imports, it should be concluded that this procedure is not new to international legal doctrine and is applicable in the civil turnover of many countries. The purpose of legalizing parallel imports is seen in providing support to the domestic business sector through limiting a number of economic benefits for foreign producers, which is temporary.
Some features of the inspection of the scene of an accident in criminal cases of violation of traffic rules and operation of vehicles
Authors:   Смоленский филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Смоленск, Россия, Ольга Николаевна Лазаренко , Оксана Николаевна Лаврова ,   Московский университет Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации имени В.Я. Кикотя (Московский областной филиал), Москва, Россия, Никита Викторович Селедников ,   Научный центр безопасности дорожного движения Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия
Published: October 2024

Currently, in conditions of intensive development of infrastructure, the main component of which is transport, one of the main tasks of the state remains to ensure road safety. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1-r dated 08.01.2018 approved the Road Safety Strategy in the Russian Federation for 2018-2024, which defines the foundations for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of road safety at various levels (federal, regional, municipal, intersectoral). Improving road safety and striving to achieve zero deaths in road accidents in 2030 is its goal. For 2024, the social risk indicator has been set as a target – no more than 4 deaths per 100,000 people. The article analyzes some features of the inspection of the scene of an accident in criminal cases of violation of traffic rules and operation.
On the issue of the relevance of the regulatory role of customary law
Authors:   Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х. М. Бербекова, Нальчик, Россия, Арсен Нажмудинович Маремкулов
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the value of customary law and its regulatory role. Customary law plays an important role in preserving the traditions and cultural heritage of the peoples of the North Caucasus, reflecting the unique characteristics of a particular people, their values, norms of behavior and, very importantly, from the point of view of modern legal understanding, ideas about justice. The paper shows the regulatory potential of customary law, and suggests an author's approach to understanding customary law.
Constitutional transformation of the political systems of the post-soviet states of Central Asia
Authors:   Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Москва, Россия, Роман Андреевич Алексеев ,   Финансовый университет при Правительстве РФ, Москва, Россия, Андрей Вячеславович Абрамов ,   Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Москва, Россия
Published: October 2024

The article examines the constitutional transformations of the political systems of the Central Asian states, which had an impact on the structure, powers and competence of the key power actors that make up the apparatus of public power, the political practice of their functioning and interaction with each other, which in turn affected the choice of the form of government and the configuration of political forces in the post-Soviet states under consideration. The authors trace the relationship between the constitutional reforms carried out in the post-Soviet states and the choice of the form (i.e. model) of government. As a result, the authors concluded that the two Central Asian countries under consideration, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, have chosen a presidential (presidential-centric) model of government, with strict autocratic tendencies in public administration, which is explained by the type of political leadership and the mentality of the majority of the country's electoral corps. Whereas Kazakhstan, which has long adhered to the same formula as the two above-mentioned countries, since the constitutional reforms of 2017. There is a transformation from a super-presidential to a presidential, and subsequently a mixed republic, while retaining key powers of the head of state.
The Emergence and Endurance of Civic Action in Fluid Forms of Organizing: A Practice-oriented Exploration of Flexible Forms of Volunteering in loose Organizational Attachments
Authors:   , Højgaard Cristine Dyhrberg
Published: October 2024

Both civil society professionals and volunteering researchers have noticed a trend in volunteering towards more flexible formats in looser organizational attachments. These changes have arisen in a host of initiatives, ranging from responses to the COVID-19 crisis to everyday actions such as alternative exchange arrangements and recreational activities. Practitioners are particularly conflicted about how to deal with a certain kind of flexible format, which the thesis refers to as “fluid” forms of organizing. In fluid organizing, fuzzy group boundaries and lateral governance give participants a lot of autonomy to continuously define their tasks and roles. These characteristics differentiate the phenomenon from other flexible formats already covered in volunteering research. Seeking out novel insights on such organizing, I aim to contribute knowledge relevant to volunteering scholarship as well as to policy makers and practitioners. As participants often deliberately choose fluid forms of organizing, they are a format one can expect to see in future problem-solving. But the fact that these forms differ from a strong Nordic tradition for citizen-organizing in associations raises a range of concerns among civil society professionals in Denmark. Two themes arise in these concerns: the degree to which these forms are collective or individual in nature and to which they are ephemeral. The former theme matters greatly to practitioners when they assess whether fluid forms of organizing constitute “democratically anchored communities of commitment with purposes of public benefit,” which would make them eligible for public support. Research has also raised this theme of collectivity in questioning whether some flexible forms of volunteering are so individualized as to dilute the civic quality of modern engagement. Here, researchers interpret “civic” as involving collective, not individual, acts and a purpose of improving common life. In terms of the theme of ephemerality, practitioners and politicians find fluid forms of organizing hard to discern and ask for some means of better seeing and understanding the phenomenon. Concurrently, fluid forms of organizing are ascribed a transient nature – an understanding that scholarship foregrounds by describing flexible volunteering as episodic and short-term. This emphasis on the ephemeral leads to the pressing question of how fluid forms of organizing flexible volunteering can succeed in producing enduring civic action. Thus, the two themes spur three questions, which I engage with by asking: How does civic action emerge and endure over time in fluid forms of organizing volunteering, and how can one understand these processes?
Australia y Perú Oportunidades de Negocios Pro TLC
Authors: Giudice Baca Victor , Ruiz Rivera César Augusto
Published: October 2024

La  presente  Investigación  tiene  como Primer Objetivo identificar  las  oportunidades  de  Negocios  con  el  TLC  firmado  por  Perú  y   Australia el  18  de  Febrero  2018. Se ha  resuelto  este objetivo, proponiendo  20  productos con  Ventajas  Competitivas  en   un   Mercado  de   25  millones  de  habitantes  y  45 mil  dólares  USA  percapita  al Año. Un  segundo objetivo  crucial ha  sido lograr que un total de 20 productos  peruanos  ingresen  al  Mercado  de  Australia  con  una Liberación  Arancelaria  de  96%.   Australia  es  un  país  puente  para  vincular   al  Perú  con  14 países  que  rodean  a  Australia.  Australia ha  estimulado  la  expansión  de  Perú  a  la  parte  Sur de  la  Cuenca  del  Pacífico, llevando  a  la  Cuenca Cinco  Industrias  ya  existentes  y  con  experiencia  en  el  Comercio  de  exportación   a  Países Desarrollados. Perú se está  estableciendo  en un  Mercado expansivo con poblaciones de ascendencia Europea  en  el  Pacífico Sur (Australia y Nueva Zelanda). Las Cinco  Industrias Peruanas  favorecidas son:  la  Agricultura  Moderna  de  Costa; la Industria de Conservas, Harina de Pescado, Aceite de Pescado y Comida para el ganado; también la Industria Textil de  Polos y Camisas de algodón. Sorpresivamente se está exportando calzado al Merca do de  Australia.
The study of the transformation education policy and regulation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Harta Ridho , Susanti Elisa , Septiadi Muhammad Andi , Alia Siti
Published: October 2024

The research delves into the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indonesia’s education sector, notably the transition from conventional face-to-face teaching to distance learning policies (Haqien & Rahman, 2020). It centres on identifying challenges and appraising government policies responding to the crisis, focusing on effectively implementing distance learning, especially in remote regions grappling with network constraints and inadequate facilities. Employing a qualitative case study methodology rooted in Dunn’s (2003) analytical theory, the research scrutinises the outcomes of Indonesian government policies during the pandemic, emphasising their impact on the shift to distance learning. The findings underscore the rapid governmental responses to the pandemic, particularly in education, necessitating a shift to distance learning for safety. However, challenges persist, notably in remote areas with connectivity and infrastructure limitations. The study advises reevaluating zoning policy’s impact on learning modes. Research highlights challenges, urging policy reassessment and increased support in Indonesia. The paper is crucial for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders, providing vital insights to enhance the resilience and adaptability of the education system in unforeseen crises.
Environmental impact and satisfaction associated with ENT ePrescriptions: A quality improvement study
Authors: Chandiramohan Abiram , Zahabi Sarah , Sowerby Leigh J. , Peng * , Davidson Jacob , Dann Celia , Strychowsky Julie E.
Published: October 2024

Objective: ePrescriptions are associated with increased patient
satisfaction, decreased provider burden, decreased administrative costs,
and a positive impact on planetary health. We aimed to attain 20%
overall usage of ePrescriptions in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head
and Neck Surgery (OHNS) at the London Health Sciences Centre (LHSC) by
December 2023. Method: This project followed the Institute for
Healthcare Improvement model and used a pre-post intervention design. A
root-cause analysis identified potential obstacles to ePrescribing.
Change ideas, including educational seminars, surveys, quarterly
reporting of ePrescription usage, and public encouragement of top
ePrescribers in the department, were implemented and tested using
Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles. ePrescription usage and carbon footprint
savings associated with ePrescriptions were measured. Provider and
patient satisfaction surveys were conducted as balancing measures for
perception of increased burden on providers. Results: During
the pre-intervention and post-intervention phases, a total of 400 and
1000 ePrescriptions were prescribed by the department, respectively.
There was a statistically significant increase in the mean proportion of
ePrescription used before (mean: 9.7%; sd=7.6) and after (mean: 40.7%;
sd=6.4) the intervention (p<0.001), which exceeded the goal. SPC
charting suggested special cause variation, signifying a statistically
significant improvement. Additionally, a reduction of 125.9 lbs of CO
2 equivalents was associated with ePrescription use.
66.7% of providers rated overall satisfaction with ePrescriptions at
7/10 or higher, and 76.9% indicated that patients either sometimes,
usually, or always opted for ePrescriptions when given the choice.
Conclusion: Our change ideas increased ePrescription usage in
an academic OHNS department and was associated with increased planetary
health savings and provider satisfaction.
Experimental research on off-design characteristics of heat pump water heater using low GWP zeotropic blend
Authors: Ju Fujun , Liu Wenbo , Mu Zhenzhen , Fan Xiaowei , Zheng Huifan , Hou Lihao , Liu Qinglei
Published: October 2024

Based on the test setup of instant heat pump water heater (IHPWH), the
performances of system operating with zeotropic natural mixture (ZNM)
(R744/R290 (12/88)) and system operating with R22 refrigerant were compared
under variable entry temperature of heat sink (ETHSK) and variable entry
temperature of heat source (ETHSC) conditions, aiming to comprehensively
evaluate the replacement potential of ZNM in the IHPWH. The results revealed
that ZNM had an obvious alternative advantage, mainly attributed to that
system operating with ZNM refrigerant achieved the comparable or markedly
superior heating capacity and COP and markedly lower discharge temperature
compared to those of system operating with R22 refrigerant under two
conditions. The discharge temperature of system operating with ZNM
refrigerant was reduced by 5.4~26.7? compared to that of system operating
with R22 refrigerant, thus system operating with ZNM refrigerant can produce
higher temperature domestic hot water. Compared with those of system
operating with R22 refrigerant, both heating capacity and COP of system
operating with ZNM refrigerant had markedly different trends with the change
of ETHSK, while they had slightly different trends with the change of ETHSC.
Compared to the ETHSK, the ETHSC has a more conspicuous impact on the
heating capacity, COP and discharge temperature of system operating with ZNM
refrigerant.
Synergetic effects during co-pyrolysis of woody biomass and Zhundong coal
Authors: Deng Shuanghui , Fu Zhicheng , Tan Houzhang , Xia Zhong , Wang Xuebin , Ruan Renhui
Published: October 2024

Co-pyrolysis of biomass and coal is a promising way to produce liquid and
char products while contributing to reduce CO2 emission. The co-pyrolysis
behaviors and characteristics of poplar sawdust (PS) with Zhundong coal (ZD)
in the different blending ratios were investigated using a thermogravimetry
analyzer (TGA) in this work. The results indicated that compared with ZD, PS
had a lower characteristic temperature of volatile matter release and a
stronger pyrolysis reactivity. There were synergistic promoting and
inhibiting effects in the whole co-pyrolysis process of PS and ZD, which
were related to the blending ratio. The PS addition percentage of 20, 40 and
80% into ZD presented the obvious positive synergistic interactions in the
co-pyrolysis process, enhancing the thermal decomposition rate of volatile
compounds. The important kinetic parameters were obtained using the
first-order reaction model. Adding PS into ZD in the pyrolysis process
changed the porous structure and surface morphology of ZD char particles.
The results obtained are expected to be helpful in the equipment design and
practical application of biomass and ZD co-pyrolysis.
A review of the energy retrofitting goal and methods of the building stock across the EU
Authors: Fülöp Botond , Harmathy Norbert
Published: October 2024

This study aims to compare and evaluate various energy retrofitting
strategies and methods employed in the building sector, with a focus on
analysing their effectiveness and feasibility in enhancing energy
efficiency. Current renovations in the EU are mostly response to policies in
force; however, there is an increasing demand for renovation projects to
align with the goals set for 2050. Subsidies or barriers may differ across a
whole spectrum, depending on various factors, but leaving the building with
the same expected outcomes. It is also important to apply measures in design
phases which end in feasible and flexible execution. The paper elaborates
an assessment background for the selection of studies. It identifies four
main key objectives: improving energy efficiency, phasing-out of fossil
fuels, increase the share of renewable energy and applying circularity.
These objectives were gathered from various studies and reports, in response
to which quantifiable and non-quantifiable values of three energy
renovations were compared. The results highlight not only energy, financial
and carbon-saving aspects but also address current retrofitting trends and
climate change. Performing a comparison along these points helps to
understand what drives a renovation and what can be achieved with certain
inputs in the beginning. This review explores the extent to which
renovation case studies vary in terms of their goal, approach, and the way
results are published. It aims to help deciding whether an intervention is
adequate or not, through a set of criteria presented.
Analysis and evaluation of key influencing factors on the optimization of thermal energy consumption in industrial thermal power plants
Authors: Simic Stojan , Orasanin Goran , Milic Davor , Vaskovic Srdjan
Published: October 2024

In the past, the design and operation of industrial thermal power plants did
not give importance to energy consumption. Due to the depletion of fossil
fuel reserves and the rising of their prices, restrictions in emission of
waste gases into atmosphere, and the need to reduce production costs over
the last thirty years, greater attention has been paid to optimizing thermal
energy consumption. Various technical, technological, and organizational
measures are undertaken to reduce thermal energy consumption. This study
examines the proposals for improving the efficiency of thermal energy
production in four thermal power plants in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The
activities aimed at improving energy efficiency are consolidated and
presented through five measures. To determine the optimal measure, the
criteria for evaluating each measure are defined. These criteria are
analyzed and filtered by using the ISM method, and while the fuzzy AHP
method was used for their weights. Finally, the fuzzy TOPSIS method for
multi-criteria optimization is applied to select the optimal energy
efficiency measure for the analyzed thermal power plants. Additionally, the
research defines the order of implementing the selected measures to improve
the energy efficiency of the studied thermal power plants.
Heat transfer enhancement with tube inserts: How can we define the best benefit?
Authors: Zimparov Ventsislav , Penchev Plamen , Bonev Plamen
Published: October 2024

This study recommends the use of two criteria FG-1a and FG-1b for evaluating
the benefits that could be obtained when different heat transfer enhancement
techniques are implemented in the heat exchanger design, instead of the most
commonly used criterion PEC, based on the constraint of fixed pumping power.
When the thermal performances of two heat transfer channels are compared,
they must be put under equal conditions, such as fixed heat transfer area,
mass flow, and initial temperature. It is also important whether an external
thermal resistance of the channel is available or not. The first case is
typical for experiments in shell-and-tubes heat exchangers where the
objective is an increase in the heat flow, whereas the second case is
encountered in experiments with electrical heating of the tube wall, where
the objective is a decrease in the driving temperature difference with fixed
heat flow. An additional constraint in both cases is the augmentation
entropy generation number Nsa ? 1. Through manifold examples, using different
twisted tape inserts, we demonstrate how these two criteria have to be
implemented for assessing the thermal benefits. The use of the criterion PEC
is connected with many erroneous results and misunderstood conclusions that
have been revealed in this study.
An extended conformable fractional order grey prediction model of per capita electricity consumption for daily life in China
Authors: Jiang Jianming , Ban Yandong
Published: October 2024

Conformable fractional-order grey prediction models have attracted
considerable attention due to their versatile modeling techniques. However,
existing models often suffer from limitations in adaptability. To address
this, this study proposes a new extended conformable fractional-order grey
prediction model, namely the ECFGM(1,1) model. By integrating an adaptive
weighting coefficient into the conformable fractional-order accumulation
process, the model can effectively prioritize new information, thereby
enhancing its rationality and adaptability. Moreover, the adjusted process
can be tailored to either emphasize new information or adhere to traditional
accumulation methods, which improves its adaptability. To verify the
effectiveness of the ECFGM(1,1) model, ECFGM(1,1) is applied to two examples
from the literature. The model evaluation results show that the ECFGM(1,1)
model has higher fitting accuracy and predictive accuracy than the GM(1,1),
CFGM(1,1), and NIPGM(1,1) models. Using the constructed ECFGM(1,1) for
predictive analysis of the per capita electricity consumption for daily life
in China, the results show that this model can capture the laws of its
changes over time. Finally, per capita electricity consumption for daily
life in China from 2022 to 2026 is predicted. The results show that by 2026,
such consumption is estimated to reach 1165.35 KW.h.
Analysis of vortex shedding characteristics and heat transfer performance of staggered tube bundle system
Authors: Jian Yinlin , Dong Bin , Feng Shuyang , Yang Dangguo , Li Yue
Published: October 2024

Tube bundle systems' heat transfer is unclear due to complex flow channels
and turbulent fluctuations, affecting energy efficiency. This study
simulates 2D staggered 18-row tube bundles at Reynolds numbers 3,100-50,000.
3D cylinders are simplified to 2D tubes, with grid independence and model
validation. Flow, temperature fields, and synergy angles are analyzed for
positions, Reynolds numbers, and spacings. High vortex shedding frequency in
front tubes with multiple subfrequencies at different amplitudes. Asymmetric
solutions emerge due to turbulent fluctuations. At high Reynolds, vortex
shedding patterns complexify and frequencies rise. Nusselt number and
synergy angle trends similar at low Reynolds, but diverge at high Reynolds.
Small tube spacings significantly impact heat transfer; large spacings have
weaker effects.
Effect of mixing chamber structure on the performance of adjustable ejector
Authors: Zhou Zhong , Han Yuze , Li Zhi , Sun Ningyu , He Lijuan
Published: October 2024

The study employs numerical simulation method to analyze performance of an
adjustable ejector, with a specific focus on the influence of the structure
dimension of mixing chamber. R41/R1234yf refrigerant is used as the working
medium in the study. The primary and secondary flow inlets are set at the
pressure of 1.4 MPa and 0.2 MPa, respectively, along with temperature of
353.15 K and 288.15 K corresponding. The outlet pressure of the ejector is
0.3 MPa. The simulation results show that optimal mixing chamber diameter
within a range from 14.7mm to 18.7mm exists for obtaining peak adjustable
ejector performance. Maximum entrainment ratio of 0.59 is obtained when cone
diameter ratio is 65% and diameter of the mixing chamber is 15.7mm.
Furthermore, the optimal mixing chamber length within range from 24mm to
220mm exists for obtaining peak adjustable ejector performance. Maximum
entrainment ratio of 0.624 is obtained when cone diameter ratio is 76% and
length of the mixing chamber is 88 mm. Therefore, it is crucial during
designing process of the mixing chamber to ensure the complete fluid mixture
and minimal flow resistance.
An Interesting Case of a Patient with Prothrombin Gene (G20210) Mutation Developing a Thromboembolic Stroke
Authors: M* Mackenzie , K Joshua , R Cameron
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Stroke is frequently diagnosed in the Emergency Department in older adults. Signs and symptoms are wellknown within the patient population, leading to established stroke workups in the hospital setting. When a younger adult presents with a stroke, an extensive workup is warranted for non-modifiable risk factors including hypercoagulability states, malignancy, and medication. Case Report: We present a case of a 51-year-old male with an extensive past medical history including ischemic strokes, left ventricular thrombus, and myocardial infarction, who presented with a stroke. After an extensive workup, he was diagnosed with Prothrombin gene (G20210A) mutation. Discussion: Prothrombin gene (G20210A) mutation is the second most common inherited thrombocytopenia and is highly associated with venous clots. However, extremely rare cases have occurred involving arterial clots, specifically in the brain. Conclusion: This case highlights the wide range of etiology for stroke and that extensive workup, particularly in patients under the age of 65, is critical to preventing future events.
Experimental Studies of Combustion of Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen Mixtures in a Partially Confined Space
Authors:   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Bolodyan I.A. , Vogman L.P. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2024

Experimental studies of the peculiarities of combustion of hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen mixtures in a partially confined space when changing the space limitation within the wide range from 12 to 81 % of the total space, e.g., premises, industrial sites, or stands where hydrogen and oxygen spills or their discharge in a gaseous state are potential, have been carried out. The experiments have been conducted on a stand with hydrogen and oxygen mixtures containing nitrogen 2Н2 + О2 + 2N2 and hydrogen and oxygen mixtures 2Н2 + О2. According to the results of the studies, partial limitation of the space does not significantly affect the combustion rate of such mixtures. At the same time, during combustion in a partially confined space, the pressure in the compression wave increases compared to the pressure in a free space. Increasing the space limitation during ignition caused pressure rise in the mixture compression waves. During the tests with 2Н2 + О2 + 2N2 with one wall of the stand space limitation, at the ignition of the mixture, pressure sensors placed opposite the wall registered, on average, a 50 % higher pressure compared with the sensors facing the open space. These sensors showed the same pressure values as for the mixture combustion in a free space. The increase of the installation space limitation with three walls during ignition led to further pressure rise in a partially confined space. The same effect has been registered for 2Н2 + О2 mixtures. During the experiments, the limitation of the installation’s free space with only one wall caused the double rise of blast wave compression pressure compared with experiments without a wall. The results of studies confirm that with the increase of the stand space limitation, the mixture ignition pressure increases, which is conditioned by the interaction of falling and reflected waves.
Extending the Life Cycle of the Electrical Submersible Pump to Improve Safety and Reduce Risks during Round Trip Operations
Authors:   Oil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Eremin N.A. , R.Z. Guliev  ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Freiman O.A.  ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Motovilov P.A.  ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Yang Guilin ,   Yulin University
Published: October 2024

The study analyzes basic complications associated with generating mechanical impurities; numeric modeling to optimize the electrical submersible pump operation has been performed. Modeling the fluid flow in combination with erosion models has been used to determine the key factors facilitating the erosion of the electrical submersible pump action wheel impeller during oil production. In order to obtain a complete view of the flow and erosion properties, modeling has been performed for the entire fluid flow route. Modeling of the flow and the action wheel component erosion has been performed to determine the impact of the flow imbalance as well as to ensure the boundary conditions at the input for the modeling. The modeling results have shown: the rotational flow introduced in the mixing point at the action wheel input significantly impacts the strength properties of the modeled object; the area most exposed to erosion is the area of the action wheel impeller. The values of loss of material have been determined via the time sequence of geometry changes in the compounds in combination with the actual hydraulic operational parameters. The flow trajectories proposed for modeling show that the recirculating flow is the dominant. It is widely adopted that recirculation is one of the main causes of increased erosion in the compounds of the electrical submersible pump as it leads to the high frequency of high-speed impacts by sand particles. In order to reduce the erosion risk, the analysis aiming to identify the impeller geometrical parameters has revealed that the erosion rate in the compound can be reduced by decreasing the inclination of the action wheel impeller. The study has demonstrated that numerical modeling can provide a detailed and precise evaluation of erosion potential in cases associated with the high velocity of fluid flow with particles of mechanical impurities.
Methodology to Determine Expansion Rate, Strength, and Adhesion of Protective Coating Produced Based on Formed Coked Form
Authors:   «SKB» LLC, Martynov A.V. , Popova O.V. ,   Don State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Today, the production volumes of intumescent paints comprise a significant part of the entire fire-protection production. At the same time, both uncertified and low-quality products can be often offered within the segment. The main implicit factors of the violation of the intumescent coating quality are the thickness of the layer and the degree of dilution of ready-to-use paint immediately before use. These factors affect the quality of coked foam, i.e., its layer thickness and its density; however, these cannot be detected during the external examination of the paint layer, measuring its thickness and conditional adhesion in accordance with modern standards. The reliability of the results of intumescent coating fire-retardant properties evaluation can only be ensured considering the evaluation of additional parameters of coked foam (strength and homogeneity) applied to protected structures measured in conditions close to real fire conditions. A methodology of express analysis of intumescent coatings on steel structures has been considered; the analysis aims to determine the expansion rate, strength, and adhesion of protective coating produced based on formed coked foam. The methodology is based on the theoretical studies of the effects of intumescent paint parameters (layer thickness, degree of dilution) on coked foam parameters and contains non-standard methods of intumescent fire-protection parameters. The intumescent coating spot heating method at sampling sites has been developed; the efficiency of the penetromety method to determine the coked foam strength has been proved. These methods are simple and do not require using any expensive equipment. The methodology can be applied to evaluate the fire-retardant coating directly at a construction site by the following parameters: coked foam intumescence, homogeneity of its structure, ultimate strength in compression, and shear-breakout. It has been established that high values of the intumescence coefficient do not guarantee the reliability of fire protection. The higher the intumescence coefficient is, the lower the thickness and strength of the coked foam. Considering this interdependence of parameters, it is reasonable to establish, on a regulatory basis, the ultimate values of the coked foam intumescence coefficient.