bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOLVENT EFFECTS ON THE ELECTRONIC AND IONIC CONDUCTIVITY IN POLYMERIC NICKEL(II) COMPLEX OF N,N′ BIS(3 METHOXYSALICYLIDENE)ETHYLENEDIAMINE
Authors: Smirnova E. A. , Chepurnaya I. A.
Published: April 2024

The electrochemical oxidation-reduction of polymeric nickel(II) complex of N,N′-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)ethylenediamine was investigated in acetonitrile and 1,2-dichloroethane-based solutions by a combination of in situ conductance measurements, quartz crystal microbalance, and cyclic voltammetry. The type of electrolyte solution is shown to have a pronounced effect on the variations in the electrical conductance and ion and solvent transfer at the polymer/solution interface when the polymer is electrochemically switched between various oxidation states.
EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A PtCo/C CATALYST
Authors: Nevelskaya A. K. , Belenov S. V. , Toporkov N. V. , Nikulin A. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The PtCo/C electrocatalyst obtained by the method of simultaneous reduction of metal precursors using sodium borohydride was treated at a temperature of 350 ˚C in an argon atmosphere for 1 hour. The results of X-ray phase analysis and transmission electron microscopy indicate an increase in the average size of crystallites and the formation of nanoparticle agglomerates after heat treatment. The shift in the reflection of Pt (111) after treatment indicates the possible segregation of metal components during the heating of the sample. An increase in the catalyst activity after heat treatment is shown, both mass activity and specific activity. The stability of the sample after heat treatment, according to the results of the stress test in the potential range of 0.6–1.4 V, showed a higher value than the material in the “as prepared” state.
Study of Photodetectors with Schottky Barriers Based on the IrSi–Si Contact
Authors: Kerimov E. A.
Published: April 2024

A significant increase in the fill factor of Schottky matrices is achieved by reading the charge accu-mulated in the Schottky diode not by using charge-coupled device (CCD) registers but by injecting it into the signal bus, similarly to charge-injected device (CID) structures on narrow-gap semiconductors. In this case, the multielement matrix contains horizontal buses to poll the elements of the selected row, vertical signal lines, and a metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) switch for connecting the polled column and the matrix of photosensitive elements, each consisting of a photosensitive Schottky diode and a MOS switch.
Simulation of Supercell Defect Structure and Transfer Phenomena in TlInTe2
Authors: Asadov M. M. , Mustafaeva S. N. , Guseinova S. S. , Lukichev V. F.
Published: April 2024

The local environment of atoms in a semiconductor compound TlInTe2 with tetragonal syngony is studied by the density functional theory (DFT). The introduction of a point defect (indium vacancies) into the TlInTe2 lattice is modeled using supercells. The DFT electronic properties (total and local partial densities of states (PDOS) of electrons) are modeled for the primitive TlInTe2 cell (16 atoms per unit cell) and for the defective TlInTe2 cell (where is the vacancy In) consisting of 32 atoms. The DFT-GGA calculations of the TlInTe2 band structure show that the band gap ( ) is = 1.21 eV. This value is significantly dif-ferent from the experimental value. The Hubbard model is used to correct the interaction of particles in the lattice. The DFT-GGA + U (U is the Hubbard potential) calculated by the TlInTe2 band gap is 0.97 eV. For the TlInTe2 supercell, the energies of the formation of a vacancy, the chemical potential of indium, and the standard enthalpy of the formation of TlInTe2 are calculated. When explaining the effect of various factors on the transport phenomena in TlInTe2, their thermal and electrical conductivity, both the DFT-calculated data and experimental data, are used. Taking into account the experimental data for the p-TlInTe2 crystals, the mechanism of conduction in the direction of structural chains (c axis of the crystal) is established. From the experimental data in the temperature range = 148–430 K, the band gap = 0.94 eV and the activation energy of impurity conduction = 0.1 eV (at 210–300 K) are estimated. At temperatures of ≤ 210 K, DC hopping conduction takes place in the p-TlInTe2 crystals. With this in mind, the following physical parameters are calculated for p-TlInTe2: the density of states localized near the Fermi level, their energy spread, and the average hopping distance.
Prototypes of devices for heterogeneous hybrid semiconductor electronics with an embedded biomolecular domain
Authors: Baranov M. A. , Karseeva E. K. , Tsybin O. Yu.
Published: April 2024

A macromolecular system embedded in a semiconductor microelectronic device is considered as a biomolecular nano- or micro-sized domain that performs the functions of converting acoustic and electromagnetic signals. The issues of the choice of substances, the dynamic and structural-functional state of the domain, as well as the physical foundations of its interaction with matrix elements are discussed. The process of excitation of forced vibrations in amino acid molecules (for example, glycine, tryptophan, diphenyl-L-alanine) under the influence of short (10–100 ps) packets of electrical signals in the IR range with a frequency in the range of 1–125 THz was studied by the method of supercomputer nonequilibrium modeling of molecular dynamics. The acoustoelectric interpretation of oscillation generation was carried out using a unified equivalent circuit of the peptide group. Examples of developed prototypes of heterogeneous devices are given. It is concluded that embedded biomolecular domains, presented as a multifunctional element base, are promising for signal conversion in hybrid microelectronics.
OPTICALLY PUMPED BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR
Authors: Altudov Yu. K. , Gaev D. S. , Pskhu A. V. , Rekhviashvili S. Sh.
Published: April 2024

The properties of a bipolar npn transistor were studied when exposed to unmodulated incoherent radiation created by a “white” LED. The static and dynamic characteristics of the transistor were measured at various exposure intensities. It is shown that the change in the characteristics of the transistor under optical influence is due to an increase in the lifetime of nonequilibrium charge carriers and the photovoltaic effect in p-n junctions. For these reasons, the gain increases, the switching threshold decreases, and the transistor speed increases. The results obtained are applicable both to the creation of high-speed transistors and integrated circuits of a fundamentally new type.
Electrophysical parameters of p-i-n photodiodes, irradiated with 60Co γ-quanta
Authors: Kovalchuk N. S. , Lastovsky S. B. , Odzhaev V. B. , Petlitsky A. N. , Prosolovich V. S. , Shestovsky D. V. , Yavid V. Yu. , Yankovsky Yu. N.
Published: April 2024

The results of studies of changes in the electrical parameters of p-i-n photodiodes manufactured on monocrystalline silicon wafers of p-type conductivity orientation (100) with ρ = 1000 Ohm cm, when irradiated with γ-quanta from a 60Co source, are presented. It has been established that as a result of irradiation of p-i-n photodiodes with doses up to 2·1015 quanta/cm2, the reverse dark current increases by more than an order of magnitude. However, the shape of the curve of the dependence of the current on the applied reverse voltage of irradiated p-i-n photodiodes does not change qualitatively, as for the original devices there are three regions with different dependences of current on voltage: sublinear, superlinear and linear, due to different mechanisms of generation-recombination processes in the depletion region of the p-n junction. The main reason for the increase in the reverse current of p-i-n photodiodes as a result of irradiation with γ-quanta is the formation of generation-recombination centers of radiation origin due to the condensation of primary radiation defects (vacancies and/or self-interstitial atoms) on technological residual structural defects formed during the growth of silicon single crystals, and during subsequent high-temperature treatments during the formation of devices.
MEMS SWITCH BASED ON CANTILEVER WITH INCREASED CONTACT FORCE
Authors: Belozerov I. A. , Uvarov I. V.
Published: April 2024

MEMS switches are of significant interest for promising radio-electronic systems, but have not yet found widespread use due to the low reliability of microcontacts. The switch develops low contact force, which results in high and unstable contact resistance. The force is usually increased by using electrodes with complex shapes and large areas, but a simple and compact configuration is preferable. This work presents a key based on a 50 µm long cantilever. For the first time, a method for selecting the vertical dimensions of a product is described, increasing the clamping force to values ​​​​in excess of 100 μN, necessary for reliable operation of the contacts. Test samples were manufactured and tested, and the performance characteristics were compared with the calculation results.
Investigation of the Optical Properties of Ultrathin Films Based on Metal Silicide
Authors: Kerimov E. A.
Published: April 2024

When studying the optical properties of thin films, in order to obtain reliable information about the magnitude of their optical constants, it is necessary to accurately measure the thickness of the metal. Thickness 600 d 1500 Å is measured by the method of multibeam interferometry and the resonant-frequency method.
Investigation of the Possibility of Optimizing the Interaction of NV Centers and Photons by Changing the Shape of Microresonators
Authors: Tsukanov A. V. , Kateev I. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The processes of relaxation and dephasing of the electronic state of a nitrogen vacancy (NV) center within the continuum approximation for the spectrum of acoustic phonons in crystalline diamond are studied in this paper. The model of mixing of the excited electronic states of the center and its effect on the Rabi oscil-lations of populations and resonant fluorescence are analyzed. The conditions under which it is possible to implement quantum one-qubit operations both in the spin and charge subspaces of an NV center are formu-lated. The optical properties of elliptical microdisks containing NV centers are simulated and the effect of asymmetry on the spectral characteristics of such microresonators is studied.
Precise Tomography of Qudits
Authors: Bogdanov Yu. I. , Bogdanova N. A. , Kuznetsov Yu. A. , Koksharov K. B. , Lukichev V. F.
Published: April 2024

Multilevel quantum states (qudits) represent a promising platform for scalable quantum comput-ing. In this paper, we present a method for precisely controlling such systems using fuzzy quantum measure-ments. The developed method is used for a precise reconstruction of quantum states under conditions of a significant effect of decoherence and quantum noise. Protocols for quantum measurements based on mutu-ally unbiased bases (MUBs) of various dimensions are considered. The accuracy characteristics of sets of ran-dom states uniformly distributed with respect to the Haar measure are studied.
Single Event Displacement Effects in a VLSI
Authors: Chumakov A. I.
Published: April 2024

The research results of single event displacement effects in VLSI elements under the effect of neu-tron radiation are presented. The nonionizing energy losses in a sensitive microvolume of a VLSI element for the interaction of neutrons with silicon atoms are estimated. The influence of individual disordered regions and clusters of radiation defects on the performance of VLSIs are determined. The possibilities of fast anneal-ing effects and the additive effects of increasing the reverse p–n junction currents of individual VLSI elements on the conditions for the occurrence of failures of the entire microcircuit are shown.
Influence of Boundary Conditions on Quantum Magnetotransport in a Thin Film
Authors: Kuznetsova I. A. , Savenko O. V. , Romanov D. N.
Published: April 2024

Analytical expressions are obtained for the Hall coefficients and the magnetoresistance of a thin semiconductor film. The case of a weak magnetic field is considered and the effects related to the splitting of the energy spectrum of charge carriers into Landau levels are not taken into account. The isoenergetic surface of a semiconductor material is an ellipsoid of revolution (spheroid). The transition to the limiting cases of degenerate and nondegenerate electron gases and mirror boundaries is carried out. The behavior of charge carriers is described by the quantum Liouville equation. The effect of the surface scattering of charge carriers is taken into account through the Soffer boundary conditions. The dependence of the Hall coefficients and magnetoresistance on the film thickness, induction of an external magnetic field, and film surface roughness is analyzed.
Mechanisms of the Redistribution of Carbon Contamination in Films Formed by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Fadeev A. V. , Myakon’kikh A. V. , Smirnova E. A. , Simakin S. G. , Rudenko K. V.
Published: April 2024

The depth distribution of carbon impurities in hafnium oxide films obtained by plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition is studied experimentally and theoretically. An analytical model is proposed that describes the dependence of the carbon impurity concentration profile in the film. The model takes into account the fact that the formation of a carbon impurity in the growing film may be caused by the incomplete oxidation of the organometallic precursor. The diffusion redistribution of impurities is determined by mech-anisms that take into account the presence of carbon in different kinds of states: an insoluble state (carbides, carbonates), a highly mobile state (CO, CO2), and an unstable state whose lifetime is longer than the film’s growth time. The possibility of controlling the carbon impurity both in deep and near-surface layers is shown. The predictions of the model are confirmed experimentally using the mass spectrometry of the secondary ions in the films obtained by atomic layer deposition. To test the theory, special structures of hafnium oxide are developed, consisting of several layers, in which the time of the plasma exposure to the sample is varied at the same dosage of the organometallic precursor. The layer with the shortest exposure time to the plasma is deposited on the substrate, then the same number of cycles on the next layer take place, provided that the exposure time is increased by a factor of n. This makes it possible to deepen the transition zones and thus pro-tect them from the effects of the atmosphere.
Concentration of Fluorine Atoms and Kinetics of Reactive-Ion Etching of Silicon in CF4 + O2, CHF3 + O2, and C4F8 + O2 Mixtures
Authors: Efremov A. M. , Bobylev A. V. , Kwon K.-H.
Published: April 2024

A comparative study of the electrophysical parameters of the plasma, the fluorine atom concentra-tions, and the kinetics of reactive-ion etching of silicon in CF4 + O2, CHF3 + O2, and C4F8 + O2 mixtures of a variable (0–75% O2) initial composition is carried out. It is shown that the dominant etching mecha-nism is always the ion-stimulated chemical reaction Si + xF → SiFx, whose rate has a maximum in the region of 20–50% O2. Based on the results of plasma diagnostics, it is found that the similar behavior of the concen-tration of fluorine atoms is typical only for mixtures of CF4 + O2 and CHF3 + O2, while in the C4F8 + O2 mix-ture, there is a nonmonotonic change in the probability of the interaction. It is assumed that the latter effect is caused by the competition between the processes of reducing the thickness of the fluorocarbon polymer film and the oxidation of the silicon surface by oxygen atoms.
Patterns of the Formation of Mobile Localized Magnetic Configurations and Technology for Manufacturing Structures for the Implementation of Magnetic Memory Elements
Authors: Prokaznikov A. V. , Paporkov V. A. , Chirikov V. A. , Evseeva N. A.
Published: April 2024

Based on computer simulation and the analysis of technological, experimental, and theoretical results, the technological requirements for the formation of electronic devices based on magnetic vortices and skyrmions are formulated. The main types of interactions determined by technological factors are deter-mined. The design features of electronic devices based on magnetic vortices and skyrmions are studied. Various technological approaches to the fabrication of structures with different magnetic anisotropy properties are studied.
Protective Freely Hanging Films for Projection Lithography Installations in the Extreme UV Range
Authors: Zuev S. Yu. , Lopatin A. Ya. , Luchin V. I. , Salashchenko N. N. , Tsybin N. N. , Chkhalo N. I.
Published: April 2024

Variants of the structures of freely hanging films with a high transmittance coefficient at a wave-length of 13.5 nm, which were developed for use in the projection of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography as protective and filtering elements, are considered. Our attention is focused on the most problematic—in terms of manufacturing and the requirements on their characteristics—ultrathin freely hanging films (pelli-cles), which are installed in front of the mask (photomask) in modern EUV scanners and serve to protect the sur-face of the mask from contamination. The main approaches used to manufacture ultrathin freely hanging large-aperture films are compared. A brief review of the research on the development of high transmittance pellicles at a wavelength of 11.2 nm, which may become an operating wavelength for future EUV lithography, is given.
Social trauma and specifics of memory
Authors: Shnirelman V. A
Published: April 2024

Russian history is overloaded with numerous tragedies and is certainly a traumatic one. The tragedies took place in various historical periods, were caused by very painful processes, and affected special groups of people. The case studies are represented by people forcefully moved to Germany during the Second World War, the deported Kalmyks, and the former inhabitants of the Valaam monastery. A North Caucasian memory of the Caucasian war as well as the Cossack memory are also discussed. The article introduces a special section of the journal’s issue on “Traumatic Memory” with contributions by E.-B.M. Guchinova, E.A. Zakharina and E.F. Krinko, Е.A. Melnikova, V.A. Tanaylova, V.А. Shnirelman.
The “medals not to be proud of...”: memory of the Caucasian war in social media
Authors: Tanaylova V. A
Published: April 2024

The article examines the memory of the Caucasian War in the space of social media (VKontakte, Telegram, etc.) and the possibilities of its use as a symbolic resource in the process of radicalisation of local Caucasian societies. The total number of subscribers to the communities, channels, and pages studied is around 300,000 people. The conceptual basis of the paper is the relational approach to the concept of radicalisation. In addition, I consider memory as one of the symbolic resources that determine the process of radicalisation of a particular community, and refer to researchers such as L.-E. Cederman, J. Goodwin, and M. Sageman. The article examines not just the memory of the Caucasian War represented in the field of social media, but the several national images of the Caucasian War that have emerged in this field.
Motherhood in migration: strategies of migrant women from Central Asia
Authors: Demintseva E. B
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the migration experiences of mothers who leave Central Asian countries to work in Russia. Based on interviews, the article examines situations where women are forced to leave their children in the care of relatives at home, as well as those where they are able to bring their children to Russia. I conclude that the main problem for living together with children is not only the low earnings of migrants and the inability to rent separate housing at the beginning of life in Russia. An important factor is the limited access to social institutions, such as kindergartens, or problems with enrolling a migrant child in school. When planning life in another country with a child, it is also important for a woman whether she will be able to take care of her child with her irregular work schedule and ensure a safe stay for her child in Russia.
Defiling the portraits of state leaders in the soviet culture of the later half of the 1950s - early 1960s
Authors: Senina I. N
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the topic of violation of the boundaries of the secular sacral in the late 1950s and early 1960s - namely, the cases of damage to symbols sacred to the Soviet ideology, such as portraits of the state leaders. I discuss why these symbols acquired a special semiotic status and their damage was punished not as hooliganism but as a kind of ritual defilement, the punishment for which was provided for by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federal Socialist Republic. Among the main sources of information about individual cases of such “sacrilege” were the archives of the supervisory proceedings of the USSR Prosecutor's Office. It is on the basis of the surviving case files that one can analyze acts of “grassroots” anti-government actions and learn about those who committed them, since most of these people did not leave behind memoirs or other records that would talk about their personal history.
Men who practice risky hobbies are more physically masculine
Authors: Butovskaya M. L , Adam Y. I , Mezentseva A. A , Rostovtseva V. V
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate specific morphological and psychological characteristics of representatives of leisure communities focused on taking high risks, compared to the control group of men. We studied facial and body anthropometric parameters - presumable markers of prenatal androgenization and masculinization - as well as the tendency to search for sensations and aggression in race car drivers (n=36), alpinists (n=52) and students (n=56). We were also interested in possible associations between the studied morphological and psychological parameters. It was revealed that the faces of the representatives of all three groups differed significantly in the facial shape. All three groups differed from each other in the fWHR index (the bizygomatic width/the height of the middle part of the face), with the race drivers having the lowest values and the highest for the controls. Race drivers differed significantly from controls in the relative lower jaw height. The maximum average values for the handgrip strength on both hands were noted in the race drivers, and the minimum in the control. We did not find significant differences in the digit ratio on the right and left hands between the groups. The result of the analysis of psychological profiles showed that alpinists are more prone to risk and sensation seeking, as well as more sensitive to the monotonous daily activities compared to race drivers and the control group, while the maximum level of hostility was found for the control group.
Secretly and openly: the inscrutable ways of the forbidden profession in Albania
Authors: Novik A. A
Published: April 2024

The article offers an anthropological analysis of the ups and downs of female prostitution in the western Balkans in the 20th and early 21st centuries. The difficult fate of the region, which managed to change several sociopolitical formations, cultural codes, and centers of civilizational attraction over the course of only three generations, had a huge impact on the public perception of the phenomenon of selling oneself for sexual activities: from a positive assessment of commercial expediency and “good for men” to a sharp condemnation of “bourgeois exploitation” and hopelessness of the unfortunate “victims of feudal relations and predatory capitalism”, from total silence about the very fact of the existence of the phenomenon to secret admiration for the courage of priestesses of love and, as a result, numerous reflections in the media and the social establishment, caused by the need to change the country’s criminal code regarding prostitution under the pressure from the European Union in order to harmonize legislative acts. In Albania, with its numerous patriarchal vestiges still remaining in the outback and “highly advanced” relations between the sexes in the capital region, there are different approaches of representatives of different social strata to the assessment of “love for money”, which is the main focus of my research interest, reflecting the 30 years of my fieldwork in various regions of the Balkans.
Counting the peoples or deconstructing population censuses
Authors: Tishkov V. A
Published: April 2024

By taking the approach of social constructivism, I examine the practices and experience of conducting population censuses in various countries as well as the outcomes of the 2020-2021 Census in Russia. I make suggestions about the principles of census organization in regard to recording information on ethnicity, nationality, and language, and draw attention to problems and complications in the so-called roster of peoples of Russia. I further advance propositions and recommendations on surveying and studying the ethnic composition of the population and make theoretical arguments about the nature of ethnicity and how social constructivism helps to understand better its primordial ties.
We “did not live by work alone”: an interview with N.S. Polishchuk
Authors: Alymov S. S
Published: April 2024

In an interview to S.S. Alymov, the ethnographer and philologist N.S. Polishchuk talks about her biography, academic career and work at the Institute of Ethnography in the 1960s-90s. The conversation covers topics such as the development of studies in the area of ethnography of the city and workers, the activities of the journal “Soviet Ethnography”, and the international contacts of Soviet ethnographers. N.S. Polishchuk further shares interesting information about the everyday life of scholars at the Institute of Ethnography, the fate of P.G. Bogatyrev, and much more.
The “efforts of ours were not in vain”: an interview with M.A. Chlenov
Authors: Alymov S. S
Published: April 2024

In an interview to S.S. Alymov, the ethnographer and historian M.A. Chlenov, honorary vice-president of the World Jewish Congress, talks about his biography, academic career and work at the Institute of Ethnography in the 1960s-90s. He reflects on his fieldwork in Indonesia and the Russian North, as well as his research among the Nenets and Inuit, and discusses his work in the areas of kinship studies, Inuit studies, and Jewish studies, further recounting the story about the discovery of the Whale Alley archaeological site. The interview conveys important information about the Jewish movement in the USSR, the relationship between scholars and authorities, the life at the Institute of Ethnography and in Soviet academia generally.
What did evenks get from modernization? global projects of the century and people's destinies
Authors: Dolgikh D. A , Shchekin M. A
Published: April 2024

The article is based mainly on the materials of the expeditions of 2021-2022 to the areas of close cohabitation of Evenks and Russians - the Verkhnebureinsky district of the Khabarovsk Territory and the Severo-Baikalsky district of the Republic of Buryatia. The territories adjacent to the Baikal-Amur Railway were under the influence of an aggressive policy of modernization, which led to significant transformations in the habitual way of life of the indigenous peoples of the North (often abbreviated in Russian as KMNS , standing for korennye malochislennye narody severa ) - in the conditions that prevailed after the construction of the highway and related infrastructure, it became impossible to use traditional ways of subsistence such as reindeer herding, hunting and fishing. Many representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North were unable to adapt to the changed realities. We argue that there is a need for close cooperation between federal authorities, such as the Federal Agency for Ethnic Affairs of the Russian Federation, with the Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North and with Evenk business entities. The central federal authorities should rely less on the reports of local authorities, while constantly monitoring the real situation. It is necessary to pay as much attention as possible to protecting the rights of the indigenous peoples of the North to conducting a traditional economy. This means not only combating violations or abuses within existing laws, but also overhauling the existing model, which often leaves the Evenks vulnerable to exploitation of their lands by private entrepreneurs and tenants. In addition, it is the government of the country that is responsible for creating favorable conditions for changing the activities of those Evenki who do not want or cannot run a traditional economy, which implies improving access to education and creating new jobs, as well as strengthening social support measures.
The “21st-century kayurs” and indigenous strategies of the decolonization of land
Authors: Mikhalev M. S
Published: April 2024

In this article, colonization is interpreted as knowledge exchange between the indigenous population and colonizers. As the result of their contacts, the latter get all necessary information about the land. That allows them to put it under control using their technical, military, and economic superiority. The recent history and current situation in the Priokhotye region of Russia show that if indigenous population in turn manages to comprehend the knowledge that colonizers bring with them, they can reverse this process. Decolonization in this case can be achieved either through more intense involvement of the local population into administration and governance, or through distancing themselves from it, coupled with distracting attention of the authorities away from their lives. Both strategies can prove effective only if indigenous population fully understands the mechanisms of the governmental control.
Share and erase: agency formation among children and adults with mental disorders
Authors: Petrov K. A
Published: April 2024

The article offers a description and analysis of agency formation practices in the Center for the Development and Socialization of Children and Adults with Disabilities. The research focuses on the interaction between the center’s psychologists and wards, mediated by various artifacts and technical objects. I show that the formation of agency can be subdivided into several aspects: first, assistants create the locality - a spatially and temporally limited interactional environment of heterogeneous actors; second, the life of the center depends on the arrangement of the actions of these heterogeneous actors; third, psychologists erase traces of non-human actors’ work to perform agency; this procedure allows to highlight an action that will later be attributed to the wards. This attribution must be seen as a final stage of the work performed within localities. Thus, within the center, agency manifests itself as an effect that occurs when the actor becomes inscribed in the locality, forced to share the common place with other actors, reduced to its action.
Language ideologies and the construction of karelian identity
Authors: Ryzhkov A. M
Published: April 2024

The article addresses perceptions of linguistic practices underlying the construction of Karelian identity in the republic of Karelia. Based on the notion of language ideology, I analyse fieldwork data collected in the region to reveal enduring attitudes towards the functioning of Karelian. Being aware of both significant dialect variations and the generation gap in the command of the language, Karelians nevertheless tend to consider themselves part of the same ethnic group. I argue that there exist two language ideologies directly related to reproducing and reshaping the Karelian identity. The first one equates the vitality of the language with the vigour of the national community. Within the second one, which could be referred to as ideology of language performativity, various practices of using Karelian are themselves acts of constructing and rethinking ethnic identity.
The “proconsul of african nationalism”: Nyerere and Tanzania
Authors: Turinskaya K. M
Published: April 2024

In 2022, the 100th anniversary of Julius Nyerere (1922-1999), the leader of Tanganyika, the founder and first president of Tanzania, an outstanding African politician and statesman, was celebrated. His political legacy in Tanzania, as well as the socio-political dynamics in Tanganyika and Zanzibar are the milestones in the recent history of the East African region, in the history of ideology, national question, national movements on the continent. His name is associated with both African nationalism and pan-Africanism. The achievements of Nyerere as a nationalist - “gathering”, creating, structuring, stabilizing and preserving a multi-tribal Tanzania as an integral state unit - are at the same time the success of Nyerere as a pan-Africanist, since the Tanganyika-Zanzibar union is a relatively successful experience in the political unification of two previously separate sovereign territories.
Sumerian poem about Lugalbanda and parallels for one of its episodes
Authors: Berezkin Y. E
Published: April 2024

This article begins with the paraphrase of the Sumerian poems “Lugalbanda in the Mountain Cave” and “Lugalbanda and the Anzu Bird”. The retelling is made by Rim M. Nurullin who consulted the recent studies related to these texts. A parallel between “Lugalbanda in the Mountain Cave” and the Rigveda is specifically discussed. Further, a classification of episodes found in the narratives recorded in Eurasia and America ca. A.D. 1850-1950 that contain the same motifs as the episode of Lugalbanda’s meeting with the Anzu bird is provided. The area distribution of two main variants is revealed. According to the first one, a man kills a serpent that was going to devour the nestlings of a mighty bird, and the grateful bird helps him. This variant is attested from Algeria to India and from Manchuria to the Carpathian-Balkan region. The American parallels also exist. According to the second variant, the man cares for nestlings (feeds them, covers from a storm, etc.) while the serpent is not mentioned. In the Sumerian poem, the hero decorates the nestlings. Concerning late traditions, such an episode being rare in the south (from the Maghreb to India) is predominant among the Eastern Slavs, Baltic Finns, and probably Balts. Rare Siberian cases are scattered from the Northern Khanty to Asiatic Eskimo. Considering the American parallels, the first variant looks like the earlier one. The basic motif of a hero who helps the nestlings is an example of a narrative element that had spread at least in the Terminal Paleolithic and has survived until recent times when it was incorporated into the fairytales.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF LASER WELDING OF POROUS AND MONOLITHIC TITANIUM PLATES
Authors: Popov V. N , Cherepanov A. N
Published: April 2024

Numerical simulation of unsteady processes during laser butt welding of a plate made of porous titanium and a monolithic (non-porous) titanium plate is performed. The influence of the laser beam position relative to the welded surfaces on the quality of the resulting joint and the geometric seam characteristics is considered. The calculated welded joints parameters of porous and monolithic plates are in satisfactory agreement with the physical experiments results.
ON THE SEDIMENTS FORMATION DURING AUTOCLAVE OXIDATIVE LEACHING OF REFRACTORY SULFIDE GOLD-BEARING ORES CONCENTRATES
Authors: Linnikov O. D. , Kitay A. G. , Bitkov G. A.
Published: April 2024

The processes occurring during autoclave oxidative leaching of refractory sulfide gold ores concentrates are discussed, as a result of which difficult-to-remove deposits (sediments) are formed on all internal surfaces of autoclaves, reducing equipment performance. It is shown that the phase composition of the sediments varies across autoclave sections and that the main component of the sediments is potassium jarosite KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6. The mechanism of sediments formation is analyzed and possible ways to prevent appearance them are discussed.
Microfossils and Sedimentary Environments of the Zherba Basin: Upper Vendian of the Patom Highland of Siberia
Authors: Vorob’eva N. G. , Petrov P. Yu. , Лужная Е.А.
Published: April 2024

In the Upper Vendian deposits of the Zherba Formation of the Siberian Patom Basin, an association of organic-walled microfossils was described for the first time. The microfossils differ markedly from each other in the type of preservation. One group of microfossils includes highly corroded filamentous and rare spheromorphic acritarchs. The other group is represented exclusively by spheromorphic and acanthomorphic acritarchs with well-preserved vesicles, which are identical to microfossils from the underlying Lower Vendian Ura Formation. The performed facies analysis showed the coastal-continental and shallow-water-shelf environments of the Zherba basin, which existed under low sea level conditions and deep continental erosion in adjacent uplifts. Under such conditions, the ancient Ura microfossils contained within fine-grained lithoclastics could enter the sedimentation zone inhabited by primitive shallow-water communities. The processes of large-scale recycling throughout almost the entire Zherba time led to the mixing of taphocenoses of different ages, represented by ecologically and taxonomically contrasting associations of microorganisms.
Boreal Toarcian Biochronological Zonation by Bivalves of the Genus Meleagrinella Whitfield, 1885
Authors: Lutikov O. A. , Arp G. , Захаров В.А.
Published: April 2024

Based on the chronological sequence of species of the bivalve genus Meleagrinella Whitfield, 1885 (family Oxytomidae Ichikawa, 1958) established in the Toarcian deposits of Northeast Russia, Eastern Siberia, and South Germany, a biochronological scale of the Lower Toarcian is proposed. Three oxytozones corresponding to Boreal ammonite zones are established: Meleagrinella golberti Oxytozone = Tiltoniceras antiquum and Harpoceras falciferum zones; Meleagrinella substriata Oxytozone = Dactylioceras commune Zone; Meleagrinella prima Oxytozone = Zugodactylites braunianus and Pseudolioceras compactile zones. Using the proposed zonation, an interregional correlation of sections of the Lower Toarcian of the North-East of Russia (Astronomicheskaya, Saturn, Brodnaya, Start rivers), Eastern Siberia (Anabar Bay, Markha, Tyung, Vilyui, Kelimyar, Motorchuna, wells of the Vilyui syneclise) and South Germany (the Ludwig Canal) is performed.
Intensity of Chemical Weathering in Late Precambrian: New Data on the Riphean Stratotype (Southern Ural)
Authors: Maslov A. V. , Podkovyrov V. N. , Котов А.Б.
Published: April 2024

The values of Ni/Co, La/Sc, and Th/Cr (indicators of the composition of rock complexes eroded in paleowatersheds) and the values of CIA, Rb/Al, K/Al and K/Rb (indicators of the intensity of chemical weathering on land), typical for fine-grained clastic rocks of the Riphean of the Southern Urals were compared to the data given in the publication “Long-term evolution of terrestrial weathering and its link to Earth’s oxygenation” by Bayon G., Bindeman I.N., Trinquier A., Retallack G.J., and Bekker A. (Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 2022, v. 584. 117490). It was shown that the average Rb/Al ratio (0.0014 ± 0.0006, n = 66) typical of the Riphean clayey rocks of the Southern Urals, together with other data, suggests that for more than 1.10 Ga (from ~1.75 to ~0.60 Ga) the intensity of chemical weathering in paleowatersheds was relatively low. This is in good agreement with the data obtained by Bayon et al. The material presented in the article allows us to consider that the composite “world” curves of K/Al, Rb/Al, and K/Rb by Bayon et al. and the same curves for clayey rocks of the Riphean of the Southern Urals are sufficiently comparable. Thus, data on the lithogeochemical characteristics of fine-grained clastic/clayey rocks of the Riphean stratotype significantly expand our understanding of the nature of chemical weathering processes on land in the interval 1.75–0.60 Ga ago.
Foraminifera and Paleogene Stratigraphy of the Submarine Lomonosov Ridge, Arctic Ocean
Authors: Bugrova E. M. , Бордунов С.И.
Published: April 2024

Materials on the Paleogene biostratigraphy of the Lomonosov Ridge in the Arctic Ocean are presented, including new data on foraminifers from the M0004A borehole section (interval 390–391 m) in its polar part. The studied benthic foraminifers are united into the complex with Reticulophragmium coksuvorovae of the upper Zelandian–the lower Thanetian stages, which includes some characteristic species of the North Atlantic and West Siberian basins. It also contains information about the connection of these Arctic seas in the Paleocene time.
Vodorazdelny Granite Massif (Subpolar Urals) and Correlation Problems of the Pre-Ordovician Granitoids and Volcanic Rocks from the Northern Part of the Lyapinsky Anticlinorium
Authors: Shardakova G. Yu. , Volchek E. N. , Chervyakovskiy V. S. , Chervyakovskaya M. V. , Kholodnov V. V. , Кузнецов А.Б.
Published: April 2024

Petrogeochemical features of the Vodorazdelny massif granites (Subpolar Urals, Lyapinsky anticlinorium) indicate these rocks are close to I-granites and were formed in suprasubduction environment. The ratios of the key elements (Rb, Ba, Th, Sr, Y, Nb) suggest that the basites of the melting slab and the fluid separated during their dehydration could participate in the granite generation. The U–Pb age of the main population of magmatogenic zircons is 593 ± 4 Ma and corresponds to the Vendian (Ediacarian). It coincides with the age of the granites from the nearby Vangyr massif (598 ± 5 Ма), as well as with the age of zircon cores from the granites of the Kozhim massif located to the north. Values of εHf(t) from –2 to 0 in magmatogenic zircons with an age corresponding to the age of Vodorazdelny granites indicate a heterogeneous source of melts. The zircons of these granites also contain ancient cores with U–Pb ages from 2200 to 700 Ma, where the values of εHf(t) from +0.8 to +13 indicate the presence of a crust component in the substrate (the substance of the ancient platform basement). Petrogeochemical and isotope-geochronological parameters of granites (and their zircons) do not confirm the validity of attributing of Vodorazdelny granite massif (and its analogues – the Vangyr and Kozhim massifs) to the Cambrian Salner-Mankhambo complex. We consider there are the possibility of separating of independent complex (about 598 Ma, Vendian?) during geological mapping. The presence in the Lyapinsky anticlinorium of several stages of granite generation (Middle Riphean–Vendian–Cambrian), accompanied by metamorphism, and complicate composition of ancient metamorphic strata from this structure basement led to varying isotopic parameters characterizing the heterogeneity of the source of melts, on the one hand, and the convergence of a number of geochemical features, on the other.
The Ammonite Catacadoceras Barnstoni Beds and the Problem of Separation of the Middle and Upper Substages of the Bathonian Stage in Northern Siberia
Authors: Shamonin E. S. , Knyazev V. G. , Dzyuba O. S. , Гуляев Д.Б.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of studying the taxonomic composition of ammonites of the family Cardioceratidae in the Bathonian of northern Siberia in the range of distribution of the last representatives of the genus Arcticoceras and the first representatives of the genus Catacadoceras to solve the problem of distinguishing between the Middle and Upper Bathonian. The incorrectness of all previous identifications of the Middle Bathonian species Arcticoceras cranocephaloide Callomon et Birkelund, 1985 based on the northern Siberian material has been established. These determinations were mainly based on Late Bathonian ammonites belonging to the species Catacadoceras barnstoni (Meek, 1859) or the form characterized by a narrow umbilicus and described herein as Cat. aff. barnstoni. An updated zonal scale of the Middle–Upper Bathonian of Siberia based on ammonites is proposed, which is recommended for use both in the regional stratigraphic schemes of the Jurassic deposits of Eastern (Middle) Siberia and in the Boreal (Siberian) zonal standard of the Bathonian Stage. The extreme importance of preserving an auxiliary biostratigraphic subdivision in this scale, the Cat. barnstoni Beds, is noted, which is due to the wide distribution and abundance of the index species in Siberian sections, as well as its significance for the correlation of the lower part of the Upper Bathonian of northern Canada, northern Siberia, Franz Josef Land and East Greenland. In addition, two intervals, namely interval with Cat. aff. barnstoni and interval with Cat. perrarum, are fixed as benchmarks, which are useful for the rapid age estimation and correlation of the Upper Bathonian deposits in Arctic sections within the upper part of the Cat. barnstoni Beds.
Phytostratigraphic Scale of the Non-Marine Cretaceous of North-Eastern Russia: An Attempt to Create and Results
Authors: Shczepetov S. V. , Herman A. B. , Бугдаева Е.В.
Published: April 2024

In the early 1970s, palaeobotanist V.A. Samylina published her concept of stratofloras – a stratigraphic scale of the Cretaceous non-marine deposits of North-Eastern Asia based on plant megafossils. It was based on data on the evolution of the systematic composition of plant communities during the transition from the Mesophyte to Cenophyte. Since the detail of this scale was not inferior to that of marine deposits, it almost immediately began to be used to determine the age and correlation of continental deposits in the region. The paper considers changes in ideas on the development of the regional flora in the process of receiving new data. It is shown that it is impossible to create a single regional scale, since the palaeolandscape environments in this territory were different. The precision of the scales for parts of the region with the same palaeolandscape setting appeares to be lower than the stages of the General Stratigraphic Scale.
Paleogeography and Natural Environment of the Karelian Coast of the White Sea in the Holocene According to the Study of Lake Sediments Near the Mouth of the Keret River
Authors: Shelekhova Т. S. , Lavrovа N. B. , Tikhonova Yu. S. , Tolstobrov D. S. , Vashkov А. А. , Найдина О.Д.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of a comprehensive (diatom and spore-pollen analysis and 14C-dating) study of the Holocene bottom sediments of a lake located on the coast of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea near the mouth of the Keret River. Three stages in the development of the lake basin have been identified: marine, transitional, and lacustrine. Diatom assemblages characteristic of each facies are given. The indicator value of pollen, spores and non-pollen palynomorphs for identifying marine, transitional and freshwater sedimentation conditions is noted. A decrease in sea level was established at the turn of 7200 calendar years ago. The change of the marine environment of sedimentation to the lacustrine was recorded approximately at the turn of 6700 calendar years ago. For a given time, the position of the coastline of the sea is shown within the studied coast. The data of spore-pollen analysis were used for relative dating of post-glacial deposits. Vegetation was reconstructed from the end of the early Holocene to the present.