bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GPT-agents based on medical guidelines can improve the responsiveness and explainability of outcomes for traumatic brain injury rehabilitation
Authors: Zhenzhu Li , Jingfeng Zhang , Wei Zhou , Jianjun Zheng , Yinshui Xia
Published: April 2024

This study explored the application of generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) agents based on medical guidelines using large language model (LLM) technology for traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation-related questions. To assess the effectiveness of multiple agents (GPT-agents) created using GPT-4, a comparison was conducted using direct GPT-4 as the control group (GPT-4). The GPT-agents comprised multiple agents with distinct functions, including “Medical Guideline Classification”, “Question Retrieval”, “Matching Evaluation”, “Intelligent Question Answering (QA)”, and “Results Evaluation and Source Citation”. Brain rehabilitation questions were selected from the doctor-patient Q&A database for assessment. The primary endpoint was a better answer. The secondary endpoints were accuracy, completeness, explainability, and empathy. Thirty questions were answered; overall GPT-agents took substantially longer and more words to respond than GPT-4 (time: 54.05 vs. 9.66 s, words: 371 vs. 57). However, GPT-agents provided superior answers in more cases compared to GPT-4 (66.7 vs. 33.3%). GPT-Agents surpassed GPT-4 in accuracy evaluation (3.8 ± 1.02 vs. 3.2 ± 0.96, p = 0.0234). No difference in incomplete answers was found (2 ± 0.87 vs. 1.7 ± 0.79, p = 0.213). However, in terms of explainability (2.79 ± 0.45 vs. 07 ± 0.52, p < 0.001) and empathy (2.63 ± 0.57 vs. 1.08 ± 0.51, p < 0.001) evaluation, the GPT-agents performed notably better. Based on medical guidelines, GPT-agents enhanced the accuracy and empathy of responses to TBI rehabilitation questions. This study provides guideline references and demonstrates improved clinical explainability. However, further validation through multicenter trials in a clinical setting is necessary. This study offers practical insights and establishes groundwork for the potential theoretical integration of LLM-agents medicine.
STUB1 is acetylated by KAT5 and alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through LATS2-YAP-β-catenin axis
Authors: Liu Can , Gui Zhongxuan , An Cheng , Sun Fei , Gao Xiaotian , Ge Shenglin
Published: April 2024

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular diseases. This study elucidated the biological function of lysine acetyltransferase 5 (KAT5) in cardiomyocyte pyroptosis during MIRI. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation and left anterior descending coronary artery ligation were used to establish MIRI models. Here we show, KAT5 and STIP1 homology and U-box-containing protein 1 (STUB1) were downregulated, while large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2) was upregulated in MIRI models. KAT5/STUB1 overexpression or LATS2 silencing repressed cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Mechanistically, KAT5 promoted STUB1 transcription via acetylation modulation, and subsequently caused ubiquitination and degradation of LATS2, which activated YAP/β-catenin pathway. Notably, the inhibitory effect of STUB1 overexpression on cardiomyocyte pyroptosis was abolished by LATS2 overexpression or KAT5 depletion. Our findings suggest that KAT5 overexpression inhibits NLRP3-mediated cardiomyocyte pyroptosis to relieve MIRI through modulation of STUB1/LATS2/YAP/β-catenin axis, providing a potential therapeutic target for MIRI.
Cortical alterations associated with lower response to methylphenidate in adults with ADHD
Authors: Parlatini V. , Andrews D. S. , Pretzsch C. M. , Arenella M. , Daly E. , Ecker C. , Murphy D. G.
Published: April 2024

Neurodevelopmental conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) vary among individuals. For instance, variation exists in clinical response to methylphenidate (MPH) treatment, especially in adults, but the biological basis of this variability is poorly understood. In this longitudinal structural imaging study, we showed that pre-treatment neuroanatomical measures were associated with response to MPH at two months in 60 adults with ADHD. We compared anatomy with that of 23 controls and examined whether differences were enriched for genes linked to MPH dynamics and brain cells. Individuals with ADHD differed from controls in cortical volume and thickness, predominantly in temporo-parietal regions. Treatment non-responders differed from responders and controls in fronto-temporo-parieto-occipital regions and such differences were associated with reduced improvement on inattentive symptoms. These novel findings suggest that variation in neuroanatomy is associated with varying treatment responses. Group differences in cortical thickness were enriched for biologically plausible genes, including those supporting noradrenaline transport, a target of MPH.
Conductive V2O3 electrocatalyst on carbon hollow spheres to accelerate polysulfide conversion for long-cycle and high-rate lithium sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiangnan , Xiao Mingjun , Liu Tingting , Meng Yanshuang , Zhu Fuliang , Fan Zhaoyang
Published: April 2024

The V2O3/C-HS material was prepared by a hard template and impregnation method. When applied in lithium–sulfur batteries, it shows excellent long-cycle and high-rate performance.
Click synthesis of dendronized malonates for the preparation of amphiphilic dendro[60]fullerenes
Authors: Cruz-Hernández Carlos , López-Camacho Perla Y. , Basurto-Islas Gustavo , Rojas Aaron , Guadarrama Patricia , Martínez-Herrera Melchor
Published: April 2024

Click chemistry is a valuable methodology for obtaining dendronized malonate derivatives to derivatize C60 using the Bingel–Hirsch reaction.
Ligand-engineering Cu-based catalysts to accelerate the electrochemical reduction of CO2
Authors: Liang Ying , Zhang Rui , Xiao Kaihong , Ye Fenghui , Ma Xinyue , Liu Wei , Yin Hanle , Mao Baoguang , Song Xiangru , Hu Chuangang
Published: April 2024

This study presents a ligand-engineering strategy to modulate the reconstruction behavior of Cu-based complexes, resulting in the in situ formation of stable Cu0/Cu+ species and thereby enhancing their electrochemical CO2 reduction performance.
Evaluation of a hapten conjugate vaccine against the “zombie drug” xylazine
Authors: Lin Mingliang , Eubanks Lisa M. , Zhou Bin , Janda Kim D.
Published: April 2024

The first xylazine hapten conjugate vaccine is disclosed demonstrating how antibodies can blunt xylazine intoxication.
The single strand template shortening strategy improves the sensitivity and specificity of solid-state nanopore detection
Authors: Yu Jin , Yu Chunxu , Li Yanru , Yu Chunmiao , Wang Yesheng , Wu Ruiping , Li Bingling
Published: April 2024

Through control of ssDNA product length of rolling circle amplification using AcyNTP, a nanopore signal enhancement strategy is developed, which can successfully transfer short oligonucleotide targets into long ssDNAs with appropriate lengths that can generate significant translocation currents.
Electrochemical dual oxidative C(sp3)–H amination: switchable synthesis of imidazo-fused quinazolinones
Authors: Du Chengbin , Zhang Yan , Li Tong , Zha Zhenggen , Wang Zhiyong
Published: April 2024

The iodine-mediated electrochemical domino process was developed to yield valuable imidazo-fused N-heterocycles via dual C(sp3)–H amination.
Potential-resolved electrochemiluminescence for simultaneous determination of multiplex bladder cancer markers
Authors: Wang Junke , Guo Fenglian , Zhang Jingjing , Chao Jie
Published: April 2024

A novel ECL immunosensor was developed for detecting multiple markers. It utilizes DNA tetrahedra as capture probes, Ru-MOF@AuNPs and AuAgNCs as potential-resolved signal reporters, providing distinct signals for NUMA1 and CFHR1 concentrations.
Covalent functionalization of germanene employing computational simulations
Authors: Denis Pablo A. , Laranjeira Jose A. S. , Sambrano Julio R.
Published: April 2024

Germanene presents a rich chemistry. The addition of functional groups works cooperatively: the reaction energies become lower as the number of functional groups increases. It is possible to fine-tune the band gap of germanene from 0.1 to 2 eV.
Colloidal 2D Mo1−xWxS2 nanosheets: an atomic- to ensemble-level spectroscopic study
Authors: Fröhlich Markus , Kögel Marco , Hiller Jonas , Kahlmeyer Leo , Meixner Alfred J. , Scheele Marcus , Meyer Jannik C. , Lauth Jannika
Published: April 2024

Colloidal 2D Mo1−xWxS2 nanosheets are characterized spectroscopically from the atomic- to the ensemble-level. Band gap tuning and spin–orbit coupling-related exciton splitting them viable as application-taylored colloidal transition metal dichalcogenides.
An NMR crystallographic characterisation of solid (+)-usnic acid
Authors: Dawson Daniel M. , Smellie Iain A. , Ashbrook Sharon E.
Published: April 2024

We characterise the solid form of the lichen metabolite, usnic acid, using NMR crystallography to achieve absolute assignment of all observed signals. 13C NMR spectroscopy shows that usnic acid in wild Usnea lichen has the same crystalline form.
Swelling and delamination of inorganic homoionic montmorillonite clay in water–polar organic mixed solvents
Authors: Nakato Teruyuki , Kubota Munehiro , Otsuka Yuki , Yane Yuta , Orio Kosei , Mouri Emiko , Yamauchi Yusuke , Miyata Hirokatsu
Published: April 2024

Smectite-type clays with interlayer inorganic cations can be swollen and delaminated in water–polar organic mixed solvents.
From Ln2O2S to Ln10OS14: exploring the sulphur spectrum of trivalent lanthanoid oxysulphides
Authors: Wuille Bille Brian A. , Velázquez Jesús M.
Published: April 2024

Lanthanoid oxysulphides exhibit great versatility in their chemical compositions which allow for their optoelectronic properties to be tuned by the relative amounts of oxygen and sulphur present in their crystal structures.
Recent progress in transition metal based catalysts and mechanism analysis for alcohol electrooxidation reactions
Authors: Zhao Yuguo , Björk Emma M. , Yan Yong , Schaaf Peter , Wang Dong
Published: April 2024

This article reviews recent advancements in AOR catalysts, emphasizing mechanistic studies through in situ characterization and DFT calculations to unravel the structure-performance correlation.
Driving multicolor lignin-based carbon quantum dots into selective metal-ion recognition and photocatalytic antibiotic decomposition
Authors: Zhou Pengfei , Xu Jikun , Guo Jun , Hou Xinyan , Dai Lin , Xiao Xiao , Huo Kaifu
Published: April 2024

Achieving a waste-treats-pollutant vision, rationally designed lignin valorization that encompasses a shining story of multicolor carbon dots is proposed to promote selective metal-ion sensing and photocatalytic antibiotic removal.
Differential impact of the triple helix dissociation degree of collagen on the binding efficiency with cancer cells and normal cells
Authors: Kang Delai , Li Ke , Zuo Long , Wu Hui , Huang Siying , Zhang Juntao , Wei Benmei , Xu Chengzhi , Wang Haibo
Published: April 2024

Systematic analysis of the differential impact of collagen structural changes on its binding efficiency with cancer cells and normal cells.
Improved catalytic activity on transitioning from inverse to normal spinel in Zn2−xGa2xSn1−xO4: a robust bifunctional OER and HER electrocatalyst
Authors: Parayil Reshmi T. , Gupta Santosh K. , Garg Kalpana , Mehta Shivangi , Sudarshan K. , Mohapatra M. , Nagaiah Tharamani C.
Published: April 2024

ZnGa2O4 acts as a bifunctional catalyst for both the OER and HER with a faradaic efficiency of 92 and 95% respectively. Fuel cell study also suggests higher stability of the electrodes for the overall water splitting up to 24 h.
Impact of an International Training on Interventionists' Expertise in Cleft Palate Speech: Results From Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Crowley Catherine J. , Yanowitch David , Baigorri Miriam , Hwang Kyung Hae , Cordero Kelly Nett , Gonzalez Alejandro , Goes Mariane , Bohórquez Diana , Sierra Nicholas , Zavaleta Socorro Grijalva , Levy Erika S.
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

International cleft lip and palate surgical charities recognize that speech therapy is essential for successful care of individuals after palate repair. The challenge is how to ensure that cleft speech interventionists (i.e., speech-language pathologists and other speech therapy providers) provide quality care. This exploratory study investigated effects of a two-stage cleft training in Oaxaca, Mexico, aimed at preparing speech interventionists to provide research-based services to individuals born with cleft palate. Changes in the interventionists' content knowledge and clinical skills were examined.

Method:

Twenty-three cleft speech interventionists from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua participated in a hybrid two-stage training, completing an online Spanish cleft speech course and a 5-day in-person training in Oaxaca. In-person training included a didactic component and supervised clinical practice with 14 individuals with repaired cleft palates. Testing of interventionists' content knowledge and clinical skills via questionnaires occurred before the online course (Test 1), immediately before in-person training (Test 2), and immediately after in-person training (Test 3). Qualitative data on experience/practice were also collected.

Results:

Significant increases in interventionists' overall content knowledge and clinical skills were found posttraining. Knowledge and clinical skills increased significantly between Tests 1 and 2. Clinical skills, but not knowledge, showed further significant increases between Tests 2 and 3. Posttraining, interventionists demonstrated greater expertise in research-based treatment, and fewer reported they would use nonspeech oral motor exercises (NSOME).

Conclusions:

Findings provide preliminary support for such two-stage international trainings in preparing local speech interventionists to deliver high-quality speech services to individuals born with cleft palate. While content knowledge appears to be acquired primarily from the online course, the two-stage training incorporating in-person supervised practice working with individuals born with cleft palate may best enhance continued clinical skill development, including replacement of NSOME with evidence-based speech treatment. Such trainings contribute to building capacity for sustainable quality services for this population in underresourced regions.
The effect of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose on emulsion stability and sensory properties of virgin coconut oil mayonnaise
Authors: Ayu D.F. , Fajri H.A. , Hamzah F.H. , Dewi Y.K.
Published: April 2024

Mayonnaise is a semi-solid emulsion made by mixing ingredients such as vegetable oil, egg yolks, and other food ingredients with or without adding food additives, such as stabilizers. This research aimed to study the effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on the emulsion stability and sensory properties of mayonnaise made from virgin coconut oil. In this study, the treatment was the addition of HPMC, namely MV1 (0%), MV2 (2%), MV3 (3%), MV4 (4%), and MV5 (5%), into the mayonnaise formulation. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and continued with DNMRT at the 5% level. The analysis of variance showed that the HPMC concentration significantly affected emulsion stability, viscosity, degree of acidity, and sensory test of thickness but had no significant effect on the aroma, color, and taste of the mayonnaise. The best treatment was MV5 (5% HPMC), which had 100% emulsion stability, 70119.33 cP viscosity, 5.07 pH on day one, and 99.37% emulsion stability, 69047.33 cP viscosity, and 4.87 pH on day 15. The MV5 mayonnaise was yellowish, had a coconut taste, was slightly rancid, and was thick. The MV5 mayonnaise was more favorable than other treatments regarding the aroma, color, and taste of the mayonnaise.
The beneficial effect of Parkia speciosa’s empty pods extract on lipid profile of jelantah treated wistar white rats
Authors: Nurdyansyah Fafa , Widyastuti Dyah Ayu
Published: April 2024

Parkia speciosa have many potential properties, as source of antioxidant to combat free radicals, including by dint of jelantah exposure. Its flavonoid content is suspected as an antihiperlipidemia so it can be used as natural treatment to control the lipid profile. This study aims to examine the beneficial effects of the ethanolic extract of P. speciosa’s empty pods (EEPE) on the cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides levels in jelantah exposed Wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups, group I as negative control with no jelantah and EEPE treatment, group II with 1 mL jelantah (118 meq/kg) and 100 mg/kg body weight of EEPE, group III with 1 mL jelantah (118 meq/kg) and 200 mg/kg body weight of EEPE, and group IV as positive control with only jelantah treatment. This study showed that the higher concentration of EEPE able to reduce the cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels also increase the HDL level more than the lower one. However, the treatment of EEPE in group I and II cannot regenerate the lipid profiles in group I as negative control.
Antioxidant activity kombucha coffee (Coffee spp) with variation concentration and type
Authors: Karyantina Merkuria , Surulloh Annas , Suhartatik Nanik
Published: April 2024

Kombucha is a sweet tea solution fermented by utilizing the symbiotic growth of yeast and bacteria. Kombucha can be made from coffee which can be used as a growth medium for Acetobacter xylinum. Coffee has antioxidant compounds that can ward off free radicals and are expected to be used as functional drinks. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and chemical properties of kombucha coffee. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely coffee variety (Arabica, Robusta, Liberica) and coffee concentration (2.5 g/250 ml water; 5 g/250 ml water; and 7.5 g/250 ml water). Kombucha coffee with the highest antioxidant activity was used 2.5 g/250 ml liberica coffee. The antioxidant activity reaches 74.86 % of RSA DPPH and has 10.02 % of sugar, pH 3.14, 0.56% of total acid, total phenolic content 9.10 mg GAE/g, and tannin 0.04 %. Kombucha with liberica coffee had highest of antioxidant activity.
Feasibility analysis of technical and environmental aspects of establishing an oil palm empty fruit bunch waste processing business unit
Authors: Johan Vonny Setiaries , Kurniawan Mhd Andry , Juarsa Rahmadini Payla , Paulina Paulina
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility of the plan to establish a business unit for processing OPEFB waste into briquettes and liquid smoke products based on technical and environmental aspects. The establishment of an OPEFB processing business unit will be established in the Sei Galuh PKS area, with a production capacity of 3000 kg/day and capable of producing charcoal briquette products of 644.25 kg/day and liquid smoke products of 314.11 kg/day. The business unit will be built on an area of ±767.5911 m² and consists of 12 facilities. The environmental impact caused by the establishment of this business unit can be reviewed from the physical development period of the project including land acquisition and the project operation period including waste and pollution that can be handled properly and does not cause adverse impacts on the environment around the business unit area. So that based on the technical and environmental aspects of this OPEFB processing business unit is feasible to establish.
Carbon sequestration potential of Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum) in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Hanafi Hano , Susanto Heru , Wahyuni Tri , Mawardi Rahadian , Cahyono Tri , Susilawati Helena Lina , Putra Pamungkas Buana , Indrajaya Yonky , Pratiwi Dian , Sasongko Nugroho Adi , Martini Tri
Published: April 2024

Indigenous tree species play an important yet underestimated role in tropical ecosystems’ carbon sequestration, mitigating global climate change. Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum), an indigenous tree species, is studied for its carbon sequestration capacity in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, an environmentally diverse location. Our comprehensive investigation included aboveground and belowground biomass, soil carbon concentration, and understory carbon content. The study found that tamanu stands can store carbon in their biomass, understorey, and soil, i.e., 54.2, 0.5, and 64 tons/ha, respectively. It was also shown that soil stores the most carbon because the Tamanu planted in this study area is still relatively young and has a relatively large space. This study also revealed the understory plants’ often overlooked role, increasing these ecosystems’ carbon sequestration capability. The need for comprehensive conservation programs considering carbon storage above and below ground is highlighted. The above discoveries contribute to creating efficient local climate mitigation policies and the global effort to combat climate change.
Humate-Silica as an ameliorant to decrease Fe toxicity and increase rice yields on acid sulfate soils
Authors: Napisah Khairatun , Maftu’ah Eni
Published: April 2024

Iron toxicity is a major problem in increasing rice production in acid-sulfate soils. Humate materials and Silica ions can interact with Fe ions to form chelates so that they can decrease Fe toxicity and increase rice yields. This research aimed to study the effect of humate-silica soil on decreasing Fe toxicity and increasing rice yields in acid-sulfate soils. The research employed a simple randomized block design incorporating treatments F0=100% lime, F1=30% humate manufacturer+30% rice husk ash+40% lime, F2=30% water hyacinth humate+30% rice husk ash+40% lime, F3=30% water hyacinth humate+30% rice husk biochar + 40% lime, F4=30% humate manufacturer+30% rice husk biochar+40% lime, and control=without ameliorant. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Observations of soil characteristics were carried out at the end vegetative stage including pH and Fe, while at the end of the research, observed including panicle length, 100g weight, and grain weight per pot. The findings indicated that F1 was able to increase pH and decrease Fe2+ concentration and wasn’t significantly different from F3. Ameliorant F3 was able to decrease Fe toxicity and increase rice yields. The application of this formula resulted in a decrease in the usage of agricultural lime while enhancing rice productivity in tidal soil.
Peat mapping on a scale of 1:50,000 in oil palm plantation land, at the peat hydrological unit in Musi Banyuasin Regency and the implications of its use
Authors: Heryanto R. Bambang , Sukarman
Published: April 2024

Oil palm cultivation on peatlands, one of which must be guided by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number P.10/2019 concerning Determination and Management of Peat Dome Based on Peat Hydrological Units (KHG). This paper aims to study the results of peat mapping on a scale of 1:50,000 in several KHGs associated with regulations for managing the Peat Ecosystem. The results on a scale of 1: 50,000 in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra show that in the Sembilang -Lalan River KHG of an area of 6,973 ha, only 414 ha or 5.94% is peat soil. In the Lalan-Bentayan River KHG covering an area of 4,976 ha, no peat soil was found. In the Bentayan -Penimpahan River KHG covering an area of 8,025 ha, only 245 ha (3.05%) is peat soil. The mapping results show that even though an area is declared a KHG, it does not necessarily contain peat soil. Based on this, it is necessary to revise the location of the KHG-KHG, especially in South Sumatra based on the results of peat mapping. Thus, the rules regarding the management of oil palm plantations in these locations must be adjusted to the results of the 1:50,000 scale survey.
Wet chemical poly-Si(n) wrap-around removal for TOPCon solar cells
Authors: Krieg Katrin , Mack Sebastian , Vollmer Jan , Dannenberg Tobias , Brunner Damian , Zimmer Martin
Published: April 2024

This work gives an overview on different technological solutions for polysilicon removal in industrial tunnel oxide passivated contact (i-TOPCon) n-type silicon solar cell fabrication. The removal of parasitically deposited poly-Si layers on the front and the edges is a mandatory requirement for a low reverse bias junction leakage current (Irev). A polysilicon removal study on wafer level shows (i) that the efficient removal of the surface oxide layer before poly-Si etching is crucial to achieve short etching times and (ii) that an additive in the KOH solution enhances etching selectivity between poly-Si and silicon oxide surfaces. To evaluate the impact on device level, TOPCon cells have been fabricated in parallel using in-situ n-doped PECVD and LPCVD layers, as well as ex-situ LPCVD poly-Si layers, with another variation of poly-Si removal processes, namely wet chemical inline, wet chemical batch cluster and atmospheric dry etching (ADE). Our results show that a two-minute inline polysilicon removal in hot KOH meets the Irev qualification in case of as deposited in-situ doped layers, whereas for ex-situ doped layers a batch process with a five-minute KOH etching time is needed. LPCVD poly-Si cells show efficiencies above 23%, PECVD poly-Si cells with a batch cluster poly-Si removal process up to 23.4%.
Analysis of Currency Risk Hedging Strategies in Multinational Companies: A Case Study of the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian War and Surge in US Dollar Exchange Rate
Authors: Huang Yikai
Published: April 2024

The volatility of exchange rates due to frequent global events is one of today’s hot topics. The profitability of large multinational corporations is highly correlated with exchange rates. This paper primarily takes a case study approach, focusing on the combination of global events and large multinational corporations, integrated with the strategic optimization of commodity swaps. The ultimate goal is to develop innovative strategies for large multinational corporations to hedge against foreign exchange risk. The first case of the article focuses on the analysis of the Russian Ruble exchange rate, which first fell and then rose from February to August 2022, and Coca-Cola HBC modifies cash and debt to account for foreign exchange swings. The second case assesses the financial impact of a spike in the U.S. dollar exchange rate in 2022, where Coca-Cola reduces its assets in financial derivatives designated as hedges and significantly increases its liabilities to offset them. In addition, the study also presents a novel strategy that mixes forward foreign currency contracts with commodity futures. Reduce risk by securing profits ahead of time. This comprehensive analysis aims to provide companies with insightful and actionable strategies for managing the complexity and uncertainty of currency market volatility.
Comparative Analysis of S&P 500 and NASDAQ: A Machine Learning Approach to Understanding Differential Market Sensitivity and Growth Stocks
Authors: Lin Cheng
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics and market sensitivity of technology stocks by constructing and predicting random stock portfolios in the S&P500 and NASDAQ indices using machine learning models. The article employs a rolling time window cross-validation approach to train the models, ensuring optimization based on continuously updated data. By comparing the predicted results with actual outcomes, the article analyze whether technology stocks possess characteristics of growth stocks and how key events impact the price fluctuations of technology stocks. The results also indicate the need to dynamically adjust the learning rate based on market characteristics, volatility, trends, and other factors to enhance the adaptability of the machine learning models in different conditions and better uncover the latent information within diverse data samples. Overall, the findings of this study underscore the importance of dynamically adjusting the learning rate of machine learning models under various market conditions, providing a fresh perspective for financial application research. Future research can further explore and develop cutting-edge methods related to optimizing the learning rate of models, such as adaptive learning rates, multi-task learning, and incremental learning, to more effectively cope with different market situations and similar issues in other fields.
A study of the correlation between volatility and risk diversification control in options and futures markets
Authors: Yang Chengfan
Published: April 2024

With the continuous development of financial derivatives, many enterprises increasingly prefer using financial derivatives such as options and futures when hedging their risks. However, in the process of using them, many enterprises do not use them as a tool for risk hedging but instead use them for hedging or even try to achieve short-term wealth appreciation through options and futures trading, which is contrary to the original intention of enterprises to use financial derivatives. At the same time, financial derivatives are affected by market volatility. Without professionals to carry out risk control, it will be a double-edged sword; using bad will become a sword to stab at the enterprise. This paper adopts the illustrative method and literature research method to analyse the impact of market volatility and the importance of risk control of options futures by taking the example of the German metal company trying to hedge through options futures in 1993, which ultimately caused the enterprise to fall into difficulties.
Portfolio Optimization Based on Markowitz Investment Theory and Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Ding Senfan
Published: April 2024

In the current global economic recovery, the market still has a certain degree of volatility, in the case of volatility or bad market how to go to the portfolio and optimize it is a very critical task. In this paper, based on Markowitz’s investment theory, Monte Carlo algorithm is applied to achieve portfolio optimization, which is verified by the dataset of five A-share data selected as a representative dataset in the period of global epidemic. For the model and the algorithm, good results are achieved for the objective market, and the market conditions are successfully represented; for the portfolio optimization, the high-risk and highreturn portfolio with the highest Sharpe ratio is finally found, and compared with the portfolio with minimized risk, and the portfolio with the highest Sharpe ratio is concluded as the optimal portfolio for this experiment, which is the optimal portfolio for this experiment, and should not be pursued for low risk but will be the best portfolio for this experiment in the turbulent and downturn market. In a volatile and depressed market, it should not be pursued for low risk but will result in a loss of return, and it should be maximized with a certain degree of volatility.
A Research on Identification and Prevention of Corporate Financial Fraud Behaviour in the Context of High-Performance Commitment: Taking Aerospace Communications’ Merger and Acquisition of HiPAD Intelligent as an Example
Authors: Wang Yuhan
Published: April 2024

In recent years, there are often high premium acquisitions based on high-performance commitment in corporate mergers and acquisitions. The performance commitment is intended to alleviate the information asymmetry between the two parties of mergers and acquisitions, but the pressure brought by the high-performance commitment often triggers the company’s financial fraud behaviour. This paper will use the case study method to select the classic case of Aerospace Communications merger and acquisition of the HiPAD, in-depth analysis of the merged party HiPAD of the financial counterfeiting means, and corresponding to the identification of signs of financial fraud research. This paper analyses the abnormal signs in the public disclosure information of HiPAD from the unique perspectives of financial information identification and non-financial information identification, parent company and subsidiaries, providing a reference direction for the financial fraud identification path. Finally, it puts forward a universal proposal for the prevention of corporate financial fraud in the context of the pressure of the performance commitment, which provides a feasible method for the similar mergers and acquisitions and high-performance commitment cases.
A Study on the Collaborative Development Path of Technological and Financial Innovation in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Liu Chengcheng
Published: April 2024

Strengthening the synergistic development of science and technology finance in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is of great significance in further promoting financial liberalization and innovation, and deepening the financial co-operation and development between the Mainland, Hong Kong and Macao. In view of the positioning and mission of the GBA, there are still a lot of areas that need to be strengthened in the synergistic development of science and technology finance among the three places. For example, there is no synergy in regional science and technology co-operation and innovation, such as differences in institutional systems, lack of science and technology and financial talents, lack of mechanisms for circulation and sharing of innovative resources, and uneven distribution of innovative advantages. Based on this, GBA needs to build a unified and efficient platform for collaborative innovation and vigorously promote the circulation of resources; strengthen innovation cooperation and cultivate a strategic engine to lead industrial development; and focus on industrial upgrading and promote institutional innovation to form a new pattern of science and technology financial cooperation.
An Analysis of the Causes of Evergrande Debt Crisis
Authors: Li Jiahua , Qin Yangchunwang
Published: April 2024

Since August 2020, new regulations on real estate financing have been issued, emphasizing “the need to improve the marketization, standardization, and transparency of financing”. Subsequently, the capital liquidity crisis caused by Evergrande’s high debt and high turnover mode has become the focus of public attention in the market and has triggered the credit crisis of the real estate industry to a certain extent. This study is based on the public information such as the financial statements. To analyze and study the causes of the crisis, this paper will analyze the causes of the Evergrande Group crisis by comparing the previous financial statements of the company, using the balance sheet and comparing the profitability, and putting forward suggestions on the future liquidity and long-term development of Evergrande Group. The suggestions give inspiration to the same industry or enterprises in the same model. Warning the existing housing enterprises, Evergrande Group serves as the most negative example in textbooks, playing a warning role to prevent such a serious crisis from happening again.
The Analysis of the US’s Technology Policy toward China
Authors: Wang Yiyi
Published: April 2024

Since the late period of the US Obama administration, the US and China’s competitions have spread from military diplomacy to trade and science and technology. As the brain of modern electronic devices, the semiconductors have a wide range of applications in various industries. So far, the US semiconductor technology issue against China has become the key axis of the current Biden administration’s anti-China policy. Under the policy line of technology resistance against China, the United States and the global semiconductor industry are facing both opportunities and challenges under the strategy of “building high walls” and “multilateral alliances”. To maintain its significant leading position in semiconductor key technologies, the United States should support the development of independent core technologies and standards through national policies in the semiconductor industry, while looking for major domestic and foreign semiconductor allies, industry, academia, and research and development stakeholders. It is also important for the US to observe the continuous innovation of Chinese private technology enterprises, the development of truly independent core technologies of China, the development of digital economic industry of China, as well as the Chinese government policies towards international restrictions in the face of suppression from US.
Analysis of Investment Policies in China and the U.S. and the Impact of FDI on China’s Economy
Authors: Zhang Shizhuo
Published: April 2024

With the acceleration of the globalization process and the increase in international links, global trade and transnational investment are growing rapidly, and a clear and sound investment policy system can provide clear guidance and support to domestic enterprises and investors, while also influencing investment decisions and willingness to cooperate of other countries or regions. This paper presents a concise summary of the investment policies of China and the United States. It highlights that the United States’ investment policies primarily consist of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) policy and the safeguarding of domestic industries and capital, while China’s focus remains on attracting foreign investment, with continuous OFDI policy improvement. This paper also analyzes the positive impacts and risk challenges of FDI on China’s economy. FDI generally promotes China’s economic growth, provides employment opportunities, improves the quality of labor, promotes technological progress, and enhances innovation, but it also faces a series of problems, especially the negative side of economic stability, market competition, and coordinated social development. Improvements in all these issues require timely adaptation and guidance from national investment policies.
De-globalizing Trade in the Wake of the COVID-19: Impacts and Changes in the US-China Relation
Authors: Li Xing
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on global trade and its transformation of trade relations between the United States and China. The outbreak of the epidemic triggered a huge restructuring of the global trade system and accelerated the trend of global trade de-globalization. As the two largest economies, the trade relationship between the United States and China plays an important role in this process. This paper analyzes the causes of deglobalization, which are mainly caused by the fracture of industrial chain, trade protection and industrial upgrading. At the same time, the paper focuses on the factors that have caused the deglobalization trend in the post-COVID-19 era, such as changing trade agreements, poor cross-border investment environment, and the challenges and uncertainties brought by e-commerce. Finally, it concentrates on the changes of the US and China bilateral trade in the post-COVID-19 era. Affected by the epidemic, the bilateral relationship between these two countries has become more conflictual and focused on technological competition. Finally, the trend against globalization has led to inefficient economic development and the regionalization of trade because of the necessity of communication.
Analyze the Development of Meituan and Fantuan to Promote the Culture of Food Delivery Platforms in the US
Authors: Weng Weihao
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the food delivery industry has had significant growth. In 2020, COVID-19 pushes this industry to be general for society. The food delivery industry helps customers’ lives be convenient. In China, Meituan is at the leading position in the food delivery market. Their business model has a huge effect on other food delivery companies. Fantuan is a food delivery company in Western countries, they usually work with local Chinese restaurants and deliver food to the customers. This paper analyzes both Meituan and Fantuan in macro, meso and micro way, to find out their status. This paper analyzes the governments’ politics, country economy, society and technology to find out how external factors affect companies’ business. This paper can depend on their competition mechanism to explain the reason for Meituan being the top food delivery company in China. Plus, this paper provides advice for Fantuan to improve their business in the Future.
Research on Marketing Strategies of Domestic Movies under the Perspective of 4V Theory: Taking “Full River Red” as an Example
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyan
Published: April 2024

With the increasingly updated development of Chinese domestic movies, China’s future movie market has great potential for development. More and more Chinese people tend to walk into cinemas in their free time and pick interested domestic movies to watch. This article argues that effective marketing strategy is an indispensable tool for each movie to reach the audience and improve the market competitiveness, and the 4V marketing theory represents a novel approach to marketing that optimally addresses the varied and individualized growth requirements of the modern age. Based on 4V marketing theory, this article analyzes the successes of the marketing strategy and makes suggestions for the shortcomings of the movie “Full River Red” based on the four aspects of “Variation”, “Versatility”, “Value” and “Vibration”, taking the movie “Full River Red” in the Spring Festival of 2023 as an example. Suggestions are put forward, hoping that this paper can provide a reference for domestic movies to enhance their core competitiveness.
The Impact of Social Media on Consumer Sentiment
Authors: Sun Mengyuan
Published: April 2024

With the wide use of network media, consumers’ information acquisition and communication methods have undergone significant changes. Network media not only provides them with a fast and efficient way to obtain information, but also provides them with a broader social space and communication platform. Therefore, the popularity of social media has brought some negative effects, such as low mood and depression among consumers. This paper will first study the impact of social media operation strategies on consumer sentiment. Secondly, the author will examine how social media self-control affects mood, which includes how users control their emotions and behaviors on social media, and the impact of this self-control on consumer mood. This paper will discuss and study through the research methods of psychology and sociology. Finally, this study aims to analyze the problem of information overload between social media and consumer sentiment by focusing on the comments made by consumers on social media. At the end of the study, the research results need to be summarized and analyzed in order to provide useful references for social media platforms to manage consumer emotions, so as to provide useful references for lawmakers, academics and practitioners.
Success Factors Influencing Commercial Movies in the Hollywood Model and Limitations: Based on Superhero Movie Series
Authors: You Yueting
Published: April 2024

Commercial films have always been the mainstream choice for filmmakers and film and television companies to invest in and produce in the film industry, especially films adapted from comics and novels. Even if there is a strong fan base of the original book, whether it is the original fans or the fans of the movie, there are both positive and negative reviews for these commercial films. It can be said that there are limitations on the bases of good development. This study focuses on Spider-Man, an outstanding Hollywood film series, and examines the marketing methods of this series to explore the factors that contributed to its success, as well as the shortcomings that existed in the back, and finally made recommendations for these shortcomings. According to this study, the success of commercial films under the Hollywood operating model is mainly due to Hollywood's excellent marketing methods, and the recommendations of this study for the future of commercial films are conducive to reducing audience losses and maintaining their profitability in the film market, which will contribute to the progress of future films. The point is to balance the commercialization and artistry.
Application of Game Theory to Business Decision-making
Authors: Xu Yuecheng
Published: April 2024

How to make correct business decisions has become a hot issue that entrepreneurs are concerned about. Some researchers have found that game theory greatly impacts business decisions. However, there is still a lack of a unified explanation of the formation mechanism behind using game theory to make correct business decisions. Therefore, this article explores the use of game theory to make correct business decisions by collecting data on business competition, organizing the data into a benefit matrix, and comparing to conclude, through which the benefits of business cooperation and business competition can be demonstrated. Through research, it is found that game theory plays an important role in business decision-making, which makes a significant difference in planning the future development path of the enterprise. By using game theory models such as the Prisoner’s Dilemma and boxed pigs, entrepreneurs can make optimal business decisions. Through an in-depth understanding of the relevant knowledge of game theory, entrepreneurs can know the timing and maximum benefits of business cooperation and competition, which provides important tips for enterprise reform and development in the new era.
The Investigation on The Factors Influencing Lady Dior Handbag Consumption in China’s Luxury Market: Whether Price is The Dominant Factor
Authors: Chen Sijia
Published: April 2024

The luxury industry is full of challenges especially under the COVID-19 pandemic, business has been struggling through, such as logistics problem. Despite the difficult economy background, China’s luxury market experienced a double-digit growth while Dior increased the price of Lady Dior handbag. According to the law of demand, quantity demand falls as price increases. Luxury goods are not necessities, thus in economics, luxury goods are defined to have an elastic demand. It is predicted that total revenue falls when price of Lady Dior rises. This is because of the elastic demand will lead to a fall in quantity demand but proportionately larger than the rise in price. However, the financial report of Dior has shown a rises total revenue and increase in demand for luxury goods. This paper explains why consumers are still willing to buy luxury goods even though price increases and the value of price elasticity of demand (PED) of Lady Dior handbag. PED is a numerical measure of the responsiveness of quantity demand of a product following the change in price of goods.
Analysis of the Interfering Factors about Auction Games
Authors: Cao Shengjie
Published: April 2024

This essay simply explores the complex world of auctions and how they basically work. Start with a brief summary of auction’s history, from the Babylonian era to the present, the essay shows how auctions have evolved over the history. Then, four typical auctions are introduced by listing their rules and how they are played. Most importantly, at the main body, the essay revealed various factors that have impact on how an auction is played, such as sunk cost fallacy, information dynamics, auction rules, and the existence of bidders with distinct motivations. In addition, Candle and dollar auctions are used to show the impact of information and rules on an auction respectively. In the end, the essay argues that auctions are complicated rather than just contests for riches and emphasizes the significance of comprehending these factors. The essay aims to inform people to make wise decisions in both auctions and everyday life.