bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving routine use of clinical pathway decision support through EMR integration.
Authors: Kotak Dinesh , Ichiuji Mary Mitsuko , Asakura Laura , Hanifin Shawn , Aye Nancy , Kolevska Tatjana , Cain Carol , Rabrenovich Violeta , Lindberg Mark , Li Yan
Published: September 2022

432

Background: There has been an explosive growth in oncology with an evolution of precision oncology based on molecular profiling. Providing evidence-based, high quality, equitable care is a foundational mission for Kaiser Permanente (KP). Thus, KP created a systematic approach toward oncology care pathways that incorporated organizational leadership, structured participation and feedback, novel integration of clinical decision support (CDS) tools, and evaluation of efficacy, safety, and value. Our goal was to make it easy and preferable for physicians to access clinical decision support for every patient, every time. Methods: KP’s inter-regional oncology chiefs, supported by relevant teams in evidence analysis, pharmacy, and other clinical specialties, convened monthly meetings in 10 oncology sub-specialties to synthesize evidence and create care pathways for priority conditions. The pathways are published to KP’s Clinical Library (CL), a trusted, curated resource of clinical knowledge guidance and tools, available via KP’s Epic Systems electronic medical record (EMR). The pathways are represented as intuitive, graphical, clickable process diagrams, with additional clinical content available as hover text. CL uses standard Epic interfaces to receive contextual information when accessed from a patient encounter. When the physician browses the CL oncology pathway and selects a treatment recommendation, CL returns to the EMR with the specific treatment plan queued up for ordering. We began initial deployment of these inter-regional pathways in Feb 2020. We combined EMR data with CL data to understand the impact of this clinical decision support. Results: We experienced dramatic uptake of oncology clinical pathways despite offering minimal training and no external incentives. KP orders over Beacon treatment plans annually in the clinical conditions supported by our pathways. In the first quarter of deployment, clinicians ordered 9% of these protocols through clicking on CDS in CL. Over the course of 2 years, we saw pathway-based ordering grow to over 75% of eligible patients. Conclusions: We find that we have made considerable progress toward our goal of having physician users consult clinical pathways decision support before ordering oncology drug treatment protocols. As with all clinical guidance, we would not expect 100% of patients to follow the recommendation, due to clinical variation and co-morbidity, but we find that by making clinical pathways easily accessible and actionable within normal clinical workflow, physicians are consulting the latest evidence in their treatment.
Changing the electronic health record to optimize pre-chemotherapy lab orders.
Authors: Lam Barbara , Celmen Melis , Graham Tim , Dechen Tenzin , Zerillo Jessica Ann
Published: September 2022

434

Background: National guidelines support screening for infectious diseases and pregnancy before starting cancer-directed treatment. Providers also check liver and kidney function to ensure safe medication dosing. Forgetting to order these tests has implications for patient safety and treatment area throughput. Our aim was to modify the provider order entry (POE) screen in the electronic health record (EHR) to reduce missed laboratory orders for hepatitis B, pregnancy tests, and organ function.Methods: We revised the hematology/oncology POE screens so that labs were grouped by organ system rather than listed alphabetically. A new Pre-Treatment Screening (PTS) order set includes urine pregnancy and a hepatitis B panel. We collected retrospective ordering data at our medical center’s ambulatory academic and community sites from the pre-intervention (10/20 – 9/21) and post-intervention (10/21 – 4/22) time periods. Data was analyzed to determine the pre/post change in percentage of add-on chemistry tests, rate of ordered urine pregnancy and hepatitis B tests in new patients, and proportion of positive hepatitis B tests. Results: There were 165,360 total chemistry lab orders pre-intervention and 91,948 post-intervention. The percentage of add-ons decreased from 0.50% (834/165,360) to 0.38% (351/91,948). There were 1,109 pre-intervention new treatment starts (92/month) and 673 post-intervention (96/month). The rate of hepatitis B screening increased from 86/month to 99/month and the rate of urine pregnancy testing remained the same at 4/month. The proportion of positive hepatitis B surface antigen tests increased from 0.72% (8/1109) to 0.89% (6/673). The proportion of positive hepatitis B core antibody tests decreased from 9.83% (109/1109) to 9.51% (64/673). Conclusions: Simple changes to an electronic ordering screen were associated with increased adherence to pre-treatment screening guidelines. Further PDSA cycles are needed to explore what changes to POE can optimize appropriate utilization of lab orders, especially for pregnancy screening. This has far-reaching consequences not only for new chemotherapy patients but also for other populations receiving immunosuppressive treatments.
Comparison between subjective and objective fatigue in patients with lung cancer and cancer-free participants: Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for cancer-related fatigue.
Authors: Huang Tsai-Wei , Shih Chi-Huang , Chou Pai-Chien , Chou Ting-Ling
Published: September 2022

440

Background: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most distressing symptoms of cancer patients. Finding a patient's fatigue often requires the use of a subjective assessment scale, such as the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI). There are few objective ways to measure fatigue. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether objective cancer-related fatigue (CRF) diagnostic criteria can differentiate cancer from cancer-free participants and to explore the relationship between subjective and objective fatigue. Methods: In this study, we used a photoplethysmography (PPG) smartband device to collect the PPG information from the patients. During PPG measurements, the heart rate variability (HRV) signal was included in the data collection process for subsequent calculation of the LF/HF ratio. Participants completed a self-report measure to assess demographics, fatigue levels, and brief sleep diaries for the next 7 days. At the same time, the participants wore a wristband to collect HRV signals, which triggered HRV every hour over a 24-hour period for 7 consecutive days. Results: Cancer patients (n = 71) and cancer-free controls (n = 75) were studied. Study participants completed CRF questionnaires and heart rate variability (HRV) records. The smartband can be worn continuously for 120 hours as an objective measure of activity phase, sleep phase and HRV. Compared with controls, cancer patients were more fatigued and were more likely to be disturbed by fatigue (t = -3.73, p < 0.001), especially general activity (t = -2.93, p < 0.001), walking ability (t = -3.6, p < 0.001) and normal work (t = -2.18, p = 0.03). Wearing the bracelet can get the LF/HF value of HRV in the time domain. The LF to HF and LF/HF disorder ratios were further divided into active and sleep phases. During sleep phase, the LF/HF disorder ratio was higher in the cancer group than in the control group regardless of whether fatigue was mild or moderate (t = -2.5, p = 0.01; t = -2.8, p = 0.01, respectively). The LF/HF disorder ratios was higher in cancer patients with mild fatigue than in cancer-free participants during sleep phase (40% vs 20%, respectively). Cancer patients with moderate fatigue had higher incidence of LF/HF disorder ratios than cancer-free participants (50% vs 20%, respectively). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the diagnostic criteria of subjective and objective CRF can distinguish cancer and cancer-free cases. Using this objective fatigue device could provide an indicator for further clinical monitoring. Clinical trial information: NCT04300842.
Promoting digital health equity through remote patient monitoring: A feasibility study.
Authors: Kessler Alaina J. , Besculides Melanie , Kisswany Carol , Liu Mark , Berkalieva Asem , Mazumdar Madhu , Smith Cardinale B. , Gorbenko Ksenia O.
Published: September 2022

441

Background: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is a form of telemedicine involving collection and transmission of health data from patients to providers using non-invasive digital technology. RPM may offer earlier recognition of clinical deterioration to help reduce acute care use and improve healthcare outcomes. Studies of digital interventions in oncology have demonstrated reduction in symptom distress and unplanned hospitalizations but lack focus on minority patients. Studies of telehealth aiming to address disparities have not focused on patients with cancer. In this pilot study, we evaluated the feasibility of RPM among patients with cancer at a large urban medical center serving a racially and socioeconomically diverse population. Methods: We partnered with Current Health to provide an FDA-approved RPM wearable device, which included a secure HIPAA-compliant platform, to collect heart rate, temperature, respiration, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure. The kit included broadband access and a tablet to provide telehealth services. Oncology coordinators determined clinical inclusion and exclusion criteria of RPM initiation for patients. A centralized team of Nurse Practitioners (NPs) monitored alarms. Clinical alarms indicated abnormal vital signs; technical alarms indicated no data transmission for a 12-hour period. We measured feasibility by recruitment and retention, and used descriptive statistics to describe the study population, time enrolled on RPM, and alarms. Results: To date, we enrolled 39 patients on the RPM platform over a 14-month period with a weekly census of 10 patients undergoing RPM monitoring. Of the 39 patients, 19 (49%) were white, 10 (26%) Black, and 5 (13%) Asian; 3 (8%) patients identified as Hispanic. Nine (23%) patients had either primary or secondary Medicaid insurance. The average age was 57.9 years. The majority of patients (95%) had hematologic malignancies, all of whom were enrolled on hospital discharge. The mean length of time per patient enrolled with the device was 21.7 days. Over 14 months, there were 607 technical and 118 clinical alarms with an average of 2 clinical alarms per week addressed by NPs by phone, indicating low clinician burden. Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of RPM in patients with cancer at home. Future studies should focus on equity-driven implementation of RPM in patients with cancer, as well as patient-reported and healthcare utilization outcomes to identify best practices in telemedicine implementation. RPM has promise to deliver high quality and equitable cancer care.
Multiscale modeling intervention development and perspectives from early-stage breast cancer survivors on technology to improve long-term adherence to endocrine therapy.
Authors: Gonzales Manuel , Garcia-Alcaraz Cristian , Kaur Navreet , Gong Jiaqi , Zhu Xishi , Tolman Sarah , Barnes Laura E , Wells Kristen J
Published: September 2022

442

Background: Despite the important role of endocrine therapy (ET) in preventing cancer recurrence, rates of long-term adherence are poor among certain breast cancer survivors (BCS). Traditional medication adherence (MA) interventions that have primarily incorporated medication-taking reminders mainly focused on a “one size fits all” approach, which may explain why many interventions have proven unsuccessful. However, when combined with other context, sensors (i.e., wearable sensors, smartphone sensors) can facilitate a better understanding of medication-taking behaviors leading to individualized interventions that are time and context appropriate. The project team is developing a multiscale modeling and intervention (MMI) system designed to improve adherence to ET among BCS. This study describes MMI development. Methods: MMI development has included: 1) usability testing; 2) review of research literature regarding factors associated with ET MA; and 3) a neural network analysis of previously collected ET MA data. In usability testing, 20 BCS were recruited via social media posts to participate in semi-structured usability interviews. Interviews were conducted via videoconferencing and assessed perceptions of and willingness to use an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) smartphone app, smartwatch, smart pill bottle, and smart pill box. The literature review examined multiple systematic reviews to identify constructs associated with ET MA. Randomized neural network analysis with 32 early stage BCS taking ET was used to determine important features of ET MA 4 weeks following completion of a 346-item survey. Four-week medication adherence was measured daily with a medication event monitoring system (MEMS). Results: Usability testing participants were accepting of each technology and willing to use each technology at various frequencies. Forty-two surveys were reviewed as predictors of MA in systematic reviews. Randomized neural network analysis found 104 survey items had absolute weights at the 70th percentile, indicating a strong influence on week 4 ET MA, and 11 surveys were determined theoretically relevant. Conclusions: BCS are willing to use 4 components of the MMI system. The MMI system will soon be deployed for 6 months of data collection. If shown to be effective, the MMI framework can be used by oncologists and researchers to develop personalized interventions focused on understanding and increasing ET MA.
Erec et Enideand the Concept of Consent
Authors: Samuelson Charlie
Published: September 2022

Chrétien de Troyes’s Erec et Enide is about a husband’s appalling and disturbing mistreatment of his wife. Yet, this article contends, it can also be understood as a (perhaps surprisingly) critical reflection on sexual consent, which overlaps with key concerns of both medieval canon law and modern consent theory. In dialogue with each of these domains, this essay studies, first, how particular episodes not only call attention to the importance of sexual consent but also to factors that mitigate it—as well as to the more general limitations of the concept. Second, the article explores how the larger adventure series, which makes up the core of the romance, is persistently engaging with some of the knottiest issues in both medieval and modern thinking on sexual consent, such as its relation to equality, silence, volition, and the active/passive binary. Finally, the article reflects on the implications of considering this courtly romance alongside modern consent theory. On the one hand, modern theory pushes the medievalist to confront what is at stake in deeming Enide unable meaningfully to consent to the terms of her union with Erec. On the other, this medieval romance responds with crucial insights on, in particular, the history of the relationship between patriarchy and the concept of sexual consent.
Family Heterogeneity, Human Capital Investment, and College Attainment
Authors: Blandin Adam , Herrington Christopher
Published: September 2022

From 1995 to 2015 the aggregate US college completion rate increased almost 50 percent, but completion trends differed markedly by family background. We consider whether changing college preparedness contributed to growth in aggregate completion and differences by family background. We first document parallel empirical trends in precollege investments, college preparedness, and completion. We use these moments to discipline a quantitative model of intergenerational human capital investment with heterogeneous families. Within the model, investment trends generate half of the empirical increase in college completion. The model implies that subsidizing precollege investments increases college completion and lifetime earnings more than college tuition subsidies. (JEL I23, I26, J12, J24, J31)
How Wage Announcements Affect Job Search— A Field Experiment
Authors: Belot Michèle , Kircher Philipp , Muller Paul
Published: September 2022

In a field experiment, we study how job seekers respond to posted wages by assigning wages randomly to pairs of otherwise similar vacancies in a large number of professions. Higher wages attract significantly more interest. Still, a nontrivial number of applicants only reveal an interest in the low-wage vacancy. With a complementary survey, we show that external raters perceive higher-wage jobs as more competitive. These findings qualitatively support core predictions of theories of directed/competitive search, though in the simplest calibrated model, applications react too strongly to the wage. We discuss extensions such as on-the-job search that rectify this. (JEL C93, J31, J63, J64)
Population Aging and Structural Transformation
Authors: Cravino Javier , Levchenko Andrei , Rojas Marco
Published: September 2022

We quantify the role of population aging in the structural transformation process. Household-level data from the United States show that the fraction of expenditures devoted to services increases with household age. We use a shift-share decomposition and a quantitative model to show that US population aging accounted for about a fifth of the observed increase in the service share in consumption between 1982 and 2016. The contribution of population aging to the rise in the service share is about the same size as the contribution of real income growth and about half as large as that of changes in relative prices. (JEL D12, E21, E23, J11, J14)
Evaluation of Kangoo Jumps rebound exercise program: A prospective study of a general population
Authors: Russu Octav Marius , Pop Tudor Sorin , Feier Andrei Marian , Iova Alin , Farcaș Dorina Maria , Burta Olivia Ligia , Borodi Paul-Gabriel , Sebestyen Kinga
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The number of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in a constant rise, especially in the low and middle income countries. They could be highly prevented by implementing programs that will help in promoting health and changing harmful behaviors. The aim of this paper is to show that Rebound exercisesis a great example of such physical activity. Material and method. The study plan was designed to asses both physical and functional explorations, ultrasound scans, self-perception of body image and laboratory parameters for each patient. A total of 64 parameters were analyzed: 44 anthropometric parameters and 20 body composition parameters from 80 participants. The subjects were analyzed for a period of 6 months. Results and discussions. Parameters were analyzed at the beginning of the study (07.02.2019), after 3 months (25.05.2019) and at the end (26.09.2019). The results showed improvements in all utilized parameters. Conclusions. This study offers a novel perspective on Kangoo jumps practice. People with spine problems, diabetes, overweight levels, improved their health, got rid of back pain, lost weight and had a more toned body.
Keywords: physical activity, overweight, harmful behaviors, non-communicable diseases
In silico comparison between the mutated and wild-type androgen receptors and their influence on the selection of optimum androgenic receptor blockers for the treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Akeel Al-Hussaniy Hany , S. Al-tameemi Zahraa , AL-Zobaidy Mohammed J.
Published: September 2022

Background: Prostate cancer is a disease that occurs in men aged more than 50 years. In Iraq, 8.89 men per 100,000 population suffer from prostate cancer, with the incidence being 14,016 cases and mortality being 6,367 cases. Despite advances in treatment against prostate cancer, it can become resistant to drugs. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to search and identify binding sites for the repositioning of drugs by computational methods (docking).  Methods: Based on the protein structure of the wild androgen receptor, the analysis parameters (22x22x22 on the X, Y, and Z axes) were established. Results: The interactions of the natural ligands with androgen receptor were 10.0 (testosterone) and 10.8 (dihydrotestosterone) while mutated androgen receptor (T877A) had a low affinity with testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (-5.3 and -6.7, respectively). In the interactions of both receptors with the reported inhibitors (antagonists), a decrease with Bicalutamide (-8.3 and -4.3, respectively) and an increase in affinity with Flutamide and Nilutamide (-7.7 and 8.6, wild AR; -8.7 and -9.3 AR T877A) were observed. As for Enzalutamide and Apalutamide (second-generation antagonists), the change was minimal between wild androgen receptor and T877A (-7.6 and -7.7; -7.3 and -7.3, respectively). The change in the affinity of the ligands with the androgen receptor and androgen receptor T877A shows how a mutation alters the bonds between these molecules. Conclusion: The identification of key sites and potent inhibitors against abnormal androgen receptor functions will enrich prostate cancer treatments.
Structure of groups of eigenfrequencies in spectra of geomagnetic pulsations in the nightside magnetosphere
Authors: Polyakov Andrey
Published: September 2022

Using a new method of correlation function for amplitude and phase fluctuations (APCF), records of geomagnetic field component fluctuations (observatories Mondy and Borok) have been processed for a number of hour zones of the nightside magnetosphere. This method is meant to detect groups of equidistant frequencies inside the spectrum of source signal and also to measure a difference between two neighbor frequencies in each of these groups.
Numerical analysis of the spatial structure of Alfvén waves in a finite pressure plasma in a dipole magnetosphere
Authors: Petrashchuk Aleksandr , Mager Pavel , Klimushkin Dmitri
Published: September 2022

We have carried out a numerical analysis of the spatial structure of Alfvén waves in a finite pressure inhomogeneous plasma in a dipole model of the magnetosphere. We have considered three magnetosphere models differing in maximum plasma pressure and pressure gradient. The problem of wave eigenfrequencies was addressed. We have established that the poloidal frequency can be either greater or less than the toroidal frequency, depending on plasma pressure and its gradient. The problem of radial wave vector component eigenvalues was considered. We have found points of Alfvén wave reflection in various magnetosphere models. The wave propagation region in the cold plasma model is shown to be significantly narrower than that in models with finite plasma pressure. We have investigated the structure of the main Alfvén wave harmonic when its polarization changes in three magnetosphere models. A numerical study into the effect of plasma pressure on the structure of behavior of all Alfvén wave electric and magnetic field components has been carried out. We have established that for certain parameters of the magnetosphere model the magnetic field can have three nodes, whereas in the cold plasma model there is only one. Moreover, the longitudinal magnetic field component changes sign twice along the magnetic field line.
Structure of groups of eigenfrequencies in spectra of geomagnetic pulsations in the nightside magnetosphere
Authors: Polyakov Andrey
Published: September 2022

Using a new method of correlation function for amplitude and phase fluctuations (APCF), records of geomagnetic field component fluctuations (observatories Mondy and Borok) have been processed for a number of hour zones of the nightside magnetosphere. This method is meant to detect groups of equidistant frequencies inside the spectrum of source signal and also to measure a difference between two neighbor frequencies in each of these groups.

The groups of equidistant frequencies in broadband spectra of these fluctuations are shown to depend on eigenfrequencies of the 2D Alfvén wave resonator, just as for dayside fluctuations [Polyakov, 2018]. An empirical relation has been found between a combination of parameters of this resonator and local time. The similarity between structural elements in the final products of processing of Alfvén fluctuation N-S and E-W components for almost all hour zones clearly indicates the reliability of the results of the APCF method in processing any broadband signals.
Dynamic of blood glucose levels in the model of experimental diabetic retinopathy and different ways to correct it
Authors: Sirman Y. , Savytskyi I. , Blavatska O.
Published: September 2022

The aim of our study was to analyze the changes in the blood glucose level in experimental animals that simulated diabetic retinopathy and against the background of its correction. The obtained results show the development of experimental diabetes when streptozotocin is administered at a dose of 55 mg/kg of animal weight against the background of a high-fat diet. Correction with hypoglycemic agents in the 3rd group had a positive effect, but it was not able to completely normalize the level of glycemia, so the need arose for the use of additional agents. The use of aflibercept and a nitric oxide donor in the 4th group had a more pronounced positive effect compared to the 3rd group, but the result did not reach the control indicators. Combined administration of bromfenac and aflibercept in the 5th group showed itself to be less effective in the study of the blood glucose level at all stages in comparison with the data of the 4th group, in which the NO donor was involved in the correction. Administation of aflibercept, L-carnitine and bromfenac to the animals of the 6th group had a more pronounced positive effect in comparison with the group No. 5, but did not reach the values of the 4th group of the experiment. The most effective correction was the combination of metformin, aflibercept, L-arginine and citicoline in rats of the 7th group, which is evidenced by the normalization of the level of the studied indicators on the 30th and 60th days of the experiment, and on the 180th, the most pronounced decrease was recorded hyperglycemia.
La importancia de la contabilidad diaria en una educación definida por las horas.
Authors: Jerez Sánchez David Alberto
Published: September 2022

Presento un continente recopilatorio de una serie de momentos representativos del devenir docente en condición part-time1 de la educación universitaria chilena en las áreas del diseño, arte y arquitectura. Es el resultado del ejercicio de hacer memoria y reconstruir una jornada laboral con el intento de generar un estado de situación espontáneo (estadísticamente no representativo) de las relaciones, significados y desplazamientos, que generamos en la búsqueda de un habitar que pueda hacer resistencia a la orfandad domiciliaria imperante y a la ausencia de señales de ruta suficientes para la configuración de una arquitectura de sentidos que posibilite los distintos procesos de transformación, que todavía funcionan como una antigua aspiración, en estas áreas y latitudes. Es un intento por tejer un pachtwork de instantes desprovisto de cualquier intención estética e histórica, pero amparado en una operación constante de convocatoria y fuga autobiográfica (proceso continuo de creación de presente). Es una apuesta por colisionar algunos núcleos vivenciales con el propósito de descubrir el abismo oculto entre las brechas del conocimiento académico, las necesidades culturales y productivas de nuestra región, y las expectativas, y esperanzas de los jóvenes y sus hogares. Este trabajo no tiene la intención de ser representativo del estatus de estas áreas del conocimiento en Chile, pero creo que sí da cuenta de la existencia de un territorio colmado de dislocaciones e inverisimilitudes que podrían conformarse en una esperanza. Desde cierta perspectiva marginal es un intento por generar un retrato hablado del ocultamiento, distinguible de la precariedad laboral, la educación como mercancía, o los discursos posibilitados por perspectivas de elite.
A desatomização do desenhar:-memória, um caminhar para o mundo real.
Authors: Fonseca de Almeida Maísa , Gonçalves Guazzelli Bárbara , Marques Braga Paula
Published: September 2022

El acto de dibujar puede ser una herramienta de interpretación y lectura que permite la integración y organización de información y experiencias, lo que configura un acto político. Si el dibujo se basa en la observación y abarca cuestiones de memoria, conocimiento, sentidos y percepciones, intención y acción, ¿cómo se vaciaría el dibujo de su esfera política y de su dimensión cívica y cuáles serían las consecuencias de este vaciamiento? Buscando responder a estas preguntas, la construcción de este texto permitió un camino investigativo, como metodología proyectual adecuada a las nuevas exigencias que trae la contemporaneidad, capturada por la mercantilización de espacios, planes y sueños y por la fragmentación de la memoria. La cuestión esencial del dibujo se reconoce aquí como ontológica, y el acto de dibujar corresponde a la representación de las diferentes formas de ser y habitar la Tierra. Por tanto, el carácter inmaterial de las memorias y las identidades se considera aquí como fundamental para la comprensión y el reconocimiento de la multiplicidad de mundos y significados. Esto se relaciona con el proceso de desatomización del dibujo, en el que la preservación de la memoria es un instrumento de resistencia y oposición a las relaciones de poder y dominación, lo que posibilita visibilizar sujetos y colectivos desde una perspectiva contrahegemónica. En este sentido, (re)pensar el diseño de la ciudad requiere considerar las particularidades de quienes la forman y quienes la construyen. Hacer visible lo que hasta entonces era invisible es uno de los caminos hacia el mundo pluriverso, que es uno de los principales aportes que puede ofrecer el diseño ontológico.
La vivienda progresiva como estrategia arquitectónica para el crecimiento informal de la periferia en América Latina.
Authors: Naranjo Escudero Enrique
Published: September 2022

En América Latina las áreas degradadas se han convertido en un factor de crecimiento. La escala y velocidad a la que se producen hace que este fenómeno sea visible como relevante en el imaginario de la ciudad latinoamericana. Este imaginario está asociado a la miseria y el deterioro, tanto en lo social como en lo arquitectónico. Así, las periferias de la ciudad latinoamericana se levantan desde viviendas autoconstruidas que reproducen en el espacio urbano (y visibilizan) las condiciones de marginalidad. Sin embargo, este fenómeno también evidencia cómo esta arquitectura se adapta a los múltiples cambios de sus habitantes. Desde el estudio de casos, conceptos y teorías que han trascendido y otras actuales, esta investigación aborda el estudio de estos valores y situaciones para, alejándose de su condición mitificada por lo heroico, establecer estrategias de proyecto para alcanzar una arquitectura flexible capaz de ser diseñada para absorber estas mutaciones.
Princípio compositivo: sobre o seu propósito no processo de projecto arquitectónico.
Authors: Sena Augusto Marta
Published: September 2022

Como se conforma um projecto de arquitectura? Qual é o papel do princípio compositivo no processo de um projecto? Como se deduz um princípio compositivo da problemática projectual? De que modo este princípio organizador da forma, que contém todo o desenvolvimento morfológico potencial, define os elementos que entram na composição, o seu comportamento e a sua relação com os outros elementos?; De que modo contribui para a coerência das partes individuais no todo e fazê-las permanecer dentro da mesma família formal?; como se desenvolve morfologicamente um princípio compositivo até chegar à composição final? e como se avalia e valora um princípio compositivo? Estas são as questões principais abortadas neste ensaio que trata o princípio compositivo dentro do processo de projecto arquitectónico. O objectivo do princípio compositivo é analisado com apona analogia da uma composição musical onde o tema principal vem esclarecido e reforçado com as várias variações ao tema que conformam a inteira composição. O sistema de elementos e regras do princípio composicional é comparável às regras e peças de um jogo. O processo de desenvolvimento do princípio compositivo está ligado ao método de tentativa e erro apoiado de importantes principais mecanismos cognitivos como a atenção selectiva. Por último são analisados os critérios de avaliação da adequação do princípio compositivo à problemática projectual.
"Radość i nadzieja, smutek i trwoga" w nabożeństwie drogi krzyżowej: Wybrane aspekty ewolucji dyskursu religijnego w XX wieku na przykładzie leksyki dotyczącej uczuć
Authors: Sieradzka-Mruk Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Przedmiotem pracy są przejawiające się w badanym materiale zmiany w systemie leksykalnym oraz semantyce nazw uczuć, co skłania do postawienia kilku szczegółowych pytań. Czy w badanym dyskursie w ciągu XX w. pojawiły się nowe leksemy, a także czy jakieś leksemy przestały być używane? Czy można wskazać komponenty semantyczne, które okazały się ważne w tego rodzaju zmianach? Jakie są sposoby wzbogacania interesującego nas zasobu leksykalnego? Czy pojawienie się nowych wyrazów było efektem przesunięć znaczeniowych z innych pól semantycznych do pola nazw uczuć? Czy mamy do czynienia z zapożyczeniami z innych dyskursów (i stylów) lub zapożyczeniami z innych języków? Czy zmiany semantyczne polegają na zawężeniu czy poszerzeniu znaczeń wyrazów? Czy zmienia się nacechowanie emocjonalne, wartościujące lub stylistyczne badanych leksemów? Czy w sposób znaczący zmienia się frekwencja wyrazów z pewnych określonych grup semantycznych? Które z tych procesów są właściwe dla języka polskiego w ogólności, a które ograniczone do dyskursu religijnego lub wyłącznie do gatunku drogi krzyżowej? Czy omawiane zmiany językowe wiążą się ze zmianami w obrazie wydarzeń pasyjnych, a szerzej ? ze zmianami w obrazie świata? Zakładając z góry niemożność wyczerpania skomplikowanej problematyki czynników socjalno-kulturowych, będziemy starali się pokazać niektóre przynajmniej zależności badanych zjawisk od wydarzeń historycznych oraz procesów społecznych, szczególnie takich jak: II wojna światowa, zmiany w modelu kształcenia, rozwój mediów, a także procesy przemian wewnątrzkościelnych, których owocem, a zarazem impulsem do dalszych zmian był sobór watykański II. W przyszłości niniejsze opracowanie może być pomocne do przeprowadzenia bardziej szczegółowej periodyzacji rozwoju dyskursu oraz gatunku drogi krzyżowej.
Classification of Latent Classes and Analysis of Influencing Factors on the Developmental Trajectories of Problem Drinking in Adult Males: Focusing on the Differences across the Life Span
Authors: Ahn Junggeun , Choi Heeseung
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the latent classes of problem drinking according to the life span in adult males, and to identify the predictive factors for classifying the latent classes.Methods: This study used data from the 7th to the 15th years of the Korean Welfare Panel Study. Among adult males older than age 20, a latent class analysis and multiple logistic regression were conducted by classifying 4,388 household members who had been drinking for one year into young, middle-age, and elderly males.Results: The latent classes of problem drinking for males of the young and elderly were classified into the non-problem drinking group, the problem drinking risk group, and the problem drinking maintenance group. Middle-aged males were classified into non-problem drinking group, problem drinking reduction group, problem drinking risk group, and problem drinking maintenance group. Smoking was identified as a predictor of problem drinking maintenance group in adult males of all ages.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to develop interventions tailored to the life span, for the prevention of problem drinking in adult males.
Validity and Reliability of the Korean version of Nurses' Attitudes towards the Forensic Psychiatric Patients Scale (NAFPPS-K)
Authors: Song Moonju , Song Yul-Mai , Han Kuem Sun
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To translate the Korean version of Nurses' Attitudes Towards the Forensic Psychiatric Patients Scale (NAFPPS-K) into Korean and to test validity and reliability as well.Methods: Participants were 275 psychiatric nurses in South Korea who completed the self-reported online survey of the NAFPPS-K. Twenty-five items were used for item analyses, exploratory factor analyses, and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as for examining internal consistency.Results: The four factors of “Concerns about Recidivism (seven items)”, “Social Distance (four items)”, “Burden of Providing Care (four items)” and “Willingness to Provide Care (four items)” were identified based on the results of item reduction and exploratory factor analyses. Theses factors accounted for 58.1% of the total variance of the NAFPPS-K. Fitness of the modified mode was acceptable (x2=331.56, CFI=.92, TLI=.91, GFI=.89, RMSEA=.07). Cronbach’s ⍺ of the 19 items was .83.Conclusion: This study identifies the validity and reliability of the NAFPPS-K. Four factors of the NAFPPS-K may be useful in evaluating the nurses' attitude for forensic psychiatric patients.
Kosovo musicians' efficacy of using English language: Internationalization of Albanian songs
Authors: Agaj Avdıu Teuta , Morina Shqipe , Tika Bekteshi Arta , Berisha Besa
Published: September 2022

The English-speaking market is huge. English dominates the international music. The two most powerful countries in the world, the USA and the UK are the bases of the music industry. There is over one billion people who speak English worldwide. It is no surprise that the English language is used as a base for music by so many musicians. This work’s main objective is to find out the Albanian musicians’ English language proficiency level as well as gain knowledge about the importance of being an English-speaking musician. The present study delves further into examining the internationalization of Albanian songs from the viewpoints of musicians in Kosovo and investigating whether the Albanian songs would have a different impact or would be more successful if translated and sung into the English language. Last but not least, the researchers are also interested in discovering if there is any difference between Albanian and English languages in terms of songs and singing. To go deep into the understanding and the perception of the issue and answer our research questions, a descriptive qualitative approach was used. To collect the data, semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were conducted. Ten (10) Kosovar musicians who have a lot of knowledge on the issues participated in this study and thus provided us the necessary information. The results of this research correspond with the theoretical framework. The results obtained from the data analysis reveal that Kosovar musicians are proficient in English which is considered very advantageous since performing in English can help musicians build an international music career. It is also indicated that an Albanian song can also be an international success without the need to translate it into English since music is a universal language, musical notes sound the same in all languages around the world, they are written the same, they have the same position. Thus, the melody sounds the same in every language of the world and this is the beauty of music.
The Recent Updates on Neoteric Variants of Covid-19 Virus and Therapeutic Effectiveness of Vaccines against the Variants.
Authors: Chaudhary Sachin , El-Shorbagi Abdel-Nasser , Chaudhary Anurag , Agarwal Garima , Tripathi Prabhash Nath , Dumoga Shweta
Published: September 2022

The coronavirus 2 illness (Covid-19) global pandemic has resulted in severe infection causing fever, cough, shortness of breath, pneumonia and even death. WHO is monitoring intimately in coordination with scientific experts and government agencies, the transmission rate of this virus and its neoteric variants identified worldwide. Since the start of year 2020, all the health authorities of each country are working in collaboration to explore the scientific information on coronavirus and providing essential guidelines to save humans. Undoubtedly, this pandemic impacted many lives regardless of all preventive steps followed to minimize its transmission. Currently, multiple anti Covid-19 vaccines are available everywhere and government authorities are monitoring and providing the guidelines for taking booster dose of vaccine to minimize and control the transmission of different variants of this virus. It is rational to state that some of the available anti Covid-19 vaccines may not be highly efficient against new emerging variants so further investigation and research are the need of hour. Therefore, the present review portrayed the features of the novel variants and mutations of coronavirus 2 (Covid-19) and therapeutic updates associated with the effectiveness of different vaccines against new strains reported worldwide.
Somatotype Features and Biochemical Characteristics of Patients With and Without Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Women
Authors: Zaki Moushira , R. Youness Eman
Published: September 2022

Somatotype is the parameter used to determine the body composition. Our objective was to prove if there are somatotype divergences among metabolically healthy women and women with metabolic syndrome. Study included 100 obese women aged 28.09± 9.21 years with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and 100 healthy control women without MetS matched in age and BMI. Metabolic condition was evaluated according to International Diabetes Federation criteria (IDF), whilst somatotype was achieved via Heath-Carter method. There were notable variations in somatotype between the two groups. Women without metabolic syndrome had obviously higher ectomorph-mesomorph (p<0.03) mesomorph-endomorph (8.31-4.51-0.61) in comparison to women with metabolic syndrome showing higher endomorph-mesomorph 6.67-4.41-0.62. Significant positive correlation was found between HOMA-IR and endomorph component (p = 0.01) as well as between triglycerides and endomorph component in MetS group (p=0.01), but no difference was observed in those without. We concluded that endomorph is more dominant in metabolically obese women and mesomorph in group with MetS. Metabolic abnormalities are directly correlated with the 1 The obtained results imply the important role of the nonadipose components, presented by mesomorphy and ectomorphy, in the distinction between healthy and risky metabolic profile. This study expressed the need for somatotyping in MetS to deal with disease prevention.
Effect of Sesamol on Arsenic Induced Hepato and Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Aldossary Sara A. , Al-Taher Abdulla
Published: September 2022

Arsenic is considered to be toxic when it is in an inorganic state and basic sources are contamination of water, smoking tobacco and irrigation of food crops. Sesamol is liposoluble lignans extraction that is used in rats to reduce skin papillomas. The main aim of the study is to study the effect of toxic arsenic on rats, usage of sesamol in treating hepato and nephrotoxicity in rats and analyze kidney tissue and liver tissues of the rats. The study primarily focuses on the effect of injecting arsenic and sesamol to the group of animals or injecting both and analyzing them to understand hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Sesamol along with arsenic powder have been used and the rats were kept in standard condition. The laboratory experiment has been carried out where both single and double oral treatments were provided. Animals were grouped into four groups where every 4 groups have eight rats each. SPPS software has been used to analyze the data collected. It has been shown treated rats with sesamol, counter act the toxicity effect of arsenic upon liver and kidney tissues. It has been found that sesamol has a protective effect upon arsenic induced liver and nephrotoxicity in rats.
Evaluation of a Direct Cellular Assay for NQO1 in the Presence of Phytochemicals
Authors: J Hashim Maha , R Fry Jeffrey
Published: September 2022

NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase NQO1 is a phase ll enzyme that catalyzes the linked intracellular conversion of NADPH2 to NADP and duroquinone (DQ) to hydroduroquinone (DQH2) in cells. There are different methods to determine NQO1 activity. The classic NQO1 enzyme assay is the usual method for measuring NQO1 activity in cell lysates. We chose to determine the intact-cell activity to investigate the effect of the four compounds Quercetin (Q), Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, (EGCG), indole-3-carbinol (I3C), and Sulforaphane (SFN) in stimulating NQO1 activity. In brief, DQ-mediated reduction of the cell-membrane-imperative secondary electron acceptor, ferricyanide, was used to quantify intact-cell NQO1 activity. This approach involves adding quinone duroquinone to the cells and then measuring the appearance rate of the two-electron reduction product, durohydroquinone, by its ferricyanide reduction. In conclusion, I3C and SFN did not interfere with the enzymatic reaction. In contrast, Q and EGCG can interfere with the enzymatic reaction of NQO1 because Q and EGCG possess quinone structures, unlike I3C and SFN, which do not have the same shape.
Physiological Dynamics of the Rheological Properties of Erythrocytes in Young Men Involved In Swimming
Authors: Karpov Vladimir Yu. , Zavalishina Svetlana Yu. , Eremin Maxim V. , Komarov Mikhail N. , Dorontsev Alexander V. , Sharagin Victor I.
Published: September 2022

The parameters of erythrocytes largely determine the processes of blood movement through small vessels and metabolism in tissues. The study included 37 young men who during the past life showed low muscle activity and, at their own request, started regular swimming lessons 3 times a week. The control group consisted of 42 young men who, before being included in the study, went in for swimming for at least 5 years at least 3 times a week. Traditional hematological, biochemical and statistical research methods were used. Weakly physically trained young men before the start of swimming had an increased amount of altered forms of erythrocytes in the blood, which negatively affected their microcirculation. After six months of swimming in the blood of young men, the level of arachidonic acid derivatives normalized, the content of cholesterol molecules and acyl hydroperoxides in erythrocytes decreased, and phospholipids increased in their membranes. In the blood of swimmers, the number of discoid erythrocytes increased and the number of erythrocytes with an altered shape decreased. The control group, which had a long experience in swimming, was characterized by a high preservation of the shape of erythrocytes and an optimum of biochemical parameters taken into account. By the end of the observation, the novice swimmers showed the output of erythrocyte and biochemical parameters to the level of the control group.