bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Model of Infected Population Due to Spreading of Pandemic COVID-19 Considering Both Intra and Inter Zone Mobilization Factors with Rate of Detection
Authors: Ghosh Mousam , Ghosh Swarnankur , Ghosh Suman , Panda Goutam Kumar , Saha Pradip Kumar
Published: May 2020

In present scenario the pandemic COVID-19 is spreading out in most of the widely populated countries. Various researches to restrict the spreading of pandemic COVID-19 are going on in both medical and administrative point of view. The focus has been given in this research keeping administrative point of view in mind. In this paper a dynamic model of infected population due to spreading of pandemic COVID-19 considering both intra and inter zone mobilization factors with rate of detection has been proposed. Few factors related to intra zone mobilization; inter zone mobilization and rate of detection are the key points in the proposed model. Various remedial steps are taken into consideration in the form of operating procedures. Further such operating procedures are applied over the model in standalone or hybridized mode and responses are reported in this paper in case-studies manner. Further zone-wise increase in infected population due to spreading of pandemic COVID-19 has been studied and reported in this paper.
A Candidate multi-epitope vaccine against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ka Tamalika , Narsaria Utkarsh , Basak Srijita , De Debashrito , Castiglion Filippo , Mueller David M. , Srivas Anurag P.
Published: May 2020

In the past two decades, 7 coronaviruses have infected the human population, with two major outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in the year 2002 and 2012, respectively. Currently, the entire world is facing a pandemic of another coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, with a high fatality rate. The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 mediates entry of virus into the host cell and is one of the most important antigenic determinants, making it a potential candidate for a vaccine. In this study, we have computationally designed a multi-epitope vaccine using spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The overall quality of the candidate vaccine was validated in silico and Molecular Dynamics Simulation confirmed the stabilityof the designed vaccine. Docking studies revealed stable interactions of the vaccine with Toll Like Receptors and MHC Receptors. Codon optimization was used to optimize high expression of the vaccine in E.coli K-12 strain. In silico cloning suggested efficient expression in pET-28a (+) vector. The efficiency of the candidate vaccine to trigger an effective immune response was assessed by an in silico immune simulation. The computational analyses suggest that the designed multi-epitope vaccine is structurally stable which can induce specific immune responses and thus, can be a potential vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2.Authors Tamalika Kar, Utkarsh Narsaria, Srijita Basak, and Debashrito Deb contributed equally to this work.
Role of novel deep-learning-based CT used in management and discharge of COVID-19 patients at a “square cabin” hospital in China
Authors: Meng Qingcheng , Liu Wentao , Dou Xinmin , Zhang Jiaqi , Sun Anlan , Ding Jia , Liu Hao , Lei Ziqiao , Chen Xuejun
Published: May 2020

Background: The chest computed tomography (CT) had been used to define the diagnostic and discharge criteria for COVID-19. However, it is difficult to determine the suitability for discharge of a patient with COVID-19 based on CT features in a clinical setting. Deep learning (DL) technology has demonstrated great success in the medical imaging.Purpose: This study applied the novel deep learning (DL) on chest computed tomography (CT) of COVID-19 patients with consecutive negative respiratory pathogen nucleic acid test results at a “square cabin” hospital in Wuhan, China, with the intent to standardize criteria for discharge.Methods: The study included 270 patients (102men, 168 women; mean age, 51.9 ± 15.6[18–65] years) who had two consecutive negative respiratory pathogen tests (sampling interval: ≥1 day) and underwent low-dose CT 1 day after the first negative test, with strict adherence to epidemic prevention standards. The chest CT of COVID-19 patients with negative nucleic acid tests were evalued by DL, and the standard for discharge was a total volume ratio of lesions to lung of less than 50% determined by DL.Results: The average intersection over union is 0.7894. Fifty-seven (21.1%) and 213 (78.9%) patients exhibited normal lung findings and pneumonia, respectively. 54.0% (115/213) involved mild interstitial fibrosis. 18.8% (40/213) had total volume ratio of lesions to lung of more than and equal to 50% according to our severity scale and were monitored continuously in hospital, and three cases of which had a positive follow-up nucleic acid test during hospital observation. None of the 230 discharged cases later tested positive or exhibited pneumonia progression. Conclusions: The novel DL enables the accurate management of COVID-19 patients and can help avoid cluster transmission or exacerbation due to patients with false negitive acid test.
Social Networks and Health: Micro Processes and Macro Structures
Authors: Marcum Christopher Steven , Koehly Laura M.
Published: May 2020

Since its nascency, the field of social network analysis has been intrinsically linked to human health and well-being. In fact, the very first empirical article ever published in Sociometry evaluated a psychiatric treatment to inter-personal distress that employed the spontaneous interactions unfolding in a triad of physician, patient, and proxy actors (Moreno, 1937). This was a first attempt in a research context to show that there may be direct effects that tie patterns of social relations to individual well-being in small groups. Moreno & Jennings (1938) also made the early and astute argument that the social structure observed through measurement of social relations is inseparable from biological and psychological frames of reference: they are all inherently interdependent. More than 80 years of research in this area has since been developed and yet the field is still flush with opportunities to learn about the interplay between social networks and health. In this special issue of the Journal of Social Structure, we highlight the work of leading scientists in this field.
The Multiplex Social Environments of Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men: How Online and Offline Social Structures Impact HIV Prevention and Sex Behavior Engagement
Authors: Young Lindsay E. , Fujimoto Kayo , Alon Leigh , Zhang Liang , Schneider John A.
Published: May 2020

In the United States, young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) remain disproportionately affected by HIV. The social networks in which YBMSM are embedded are generally understood to be critical factors in understanding their vulnerability. In this study, we acknowledge the relational richness of YBMSMs’ social environments (what we define as multiplexity) and their increasing prioritization of online social networking sites (SNS). Specifically, we investigate whether protective and/or risky features of YBMSMs’ Facebook friendships and group affiliations are related to their HIV prevention and sex behavior engagement, while also accounting for features of their offline confidant (or support) and sex networks. Using data from a population-based cohort study of YBMSM living in Chicago (N=268), we perform a series of multiple logistic regression analyses to examine associations between features of YBMSMs’ Facebook, confidant, and sexual networks with three prevention outcomes and three sex behavior outcomes, while also controlling for factors at the individual and structural levels. Results show that network features play a more significant role in predicting engagement in sex behaviors than prevention behaviors. Specifically, having more confidants, having confidants who are family members, meeting sex partners online, having more YBMSM Facebook friends, belonging to Facebook groups with an LGBTQ focus, and having greater subject diversity in one’s Facebook group affiliations were significantly associated with one or more sex behavior outcomes. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our findings for HIV prevention intervention efforts.
Prediksi Harga Saham Garuda Indonesia di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 Menggunakan Metode ARIMA
Authors: Rusyida Wilda Yulia , Pratama Versiandika Yudha
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keakuratan metode ARIMA dalam melakukan peramalan atau prediksi harga saham harian PT. Garuda Indonesia, Tbk di tengah pandemi Covid-19. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder berupa data historis harga saham harian sejak 22 April 2019 sampai 20 April 2020. Dari hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan model ARIMA (3,1,2) menunjukkan bahwa data 22 April 2019 sampai 20 April 2020 dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi harga tutup saham 21 April 2020 sampai 13 Juli 2020. Model ARIMA terbaik yang diperoleh adalah ARIMA (3,1,2) dimana harga saham PT. Garuda Indonesia, Tbk hari ini dipengaruhi oleh satu hari perdagangan yang lalu. Prediksi harga saham harian PT. Garuda Indonesia, Tbk di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari 21 April 2020 sampai 13 Juli 2020 cenderung mengalami penurunan. Hal ini di duga karena investor cenderung menahan modalnya efek adanya kebijakan larangan mudik yang diterapkan pemerintah yang berimbas pada berhentinya operasional sektor penerbangan.

Kata kunci: metode ARIMA, harga saham, Garuda Indonesia, Covid-19.
TiO2 Nanopartikülü İle Fonksiyonelleştirilmiş Çok Duvarlı Karbon Nanotüpün Su Bazlı Sondaj Çamuruna Etkisinin Belirlenmesi: Deneysel Çalışma
Authors: ASKER Nilay Hayriye , ÖZKAN Vildan , ÖZKAN Abdullah
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada, su bazlı sondaj çamuruna (Na-Bentonit bazlı) fonksiyonelleştirilmiş karbon nanotüpün etkisinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda su bazlı sondaj çamurları hazırlanmış ve kimyasal buhar biriktirme (CVD) yöntemi ile üretilen TiO2 nanopartikülü ile fonksiyonelleştirilmiş çok duvarlı karbon nanotüp (TiO2NP/ÇDKNT) farklı oranlarda (0.001 – 0.01 % k/h) eklenmiştir. Hazırlanan sondaj çamurlarının plastik viskozitesi (PV), görünür viskozitesi (AV), kopma noktası (YP), jel mukavemeti değerleri (10 saniye ve 10 dakika) gibi reolojik özellikleri FANN viskozimetresi ile ayrıca su (filtrasyon) kaybı ve sondaj çamuru kek kalınlığı Amerikan Petrol Enstitüsü (API) sıvı kaybı test ekipmanları ile API standartlarına uygun olacak şekilde detaylı analiz edilmiştir. TiO2NP/ÇDKNT’ün eklenmesi ile hazırlanan sondaj çamurlarının reolojik ve filtrasyon özellikleri kendi içlerinde, daha sonra da katkısız sondaj çamuru ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; TiO2NP/ÇDKNT’ün su bazlı sondaj çamuruna eklenmesiyle; PV değerinin % 71.4; AV değerinin % 41.8; YP değerinin % 28; 10 saniye değerinin % 8.3; 10 dakika değerinin % 5.6 arttığı; filtrasyon kaybının % 8.6 azaldığı; aynı zamanda da kek kalınlığı değerinin de % 11 oranında arttığı görülmüştür. Yapılan bu çalışmayla; TiO2NP/ÇDKNT’ün sondaj çamurunun reolojik özellikleri ile filtrasyon kaybı değerlerine olumlu yönde katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.
Vücut Yağ Miktarı / Yüzdesi Hesaplama Yöntemleri: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: UÇAR Muhammed Kürşad , UÇAR Zeliha
Published: May 2020

Obezite tedavisinde hedef yağ kütlesinin azaltılması amaçlanır. Bu yüzden, vücut yağ yüzdesinin hesap-lanması önemlidir. Bu çalışma, vücut yağ yüzdesinin hesabı için literatürdeki makalelerin sistematik bir derleme şeklinde sunulmasını amaçlar. Makale taraması için Sakarya Üniversitesi "Akademik Arama – EDS" platformu kullanılmıştır. Arama için "Body Fat Percentage Calculation", "Body Fat Percentage Estimation", "Body Fat Per-centage Equations" ve "Body Fat Percentage Prediction" anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler li-teratürde son yıllarda vücut yağ yüzdesi hesaplaması üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda kullanılan anahtar kelimelerdir. Diğer arama kriterleri şunlardır. Dil: İngilizce, Yayın Tarihi: 2000-2019. Yayınlar sadece hakemli dergilerden elde edilmiştir. Toplam 234 makale elde edilmiştir. Dahil edilme kriterlerine göre 234 makaleden 31 makale sis-tematik derleme kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye içerisinde yapılmış çalışmalar da araştırılmış olup Türkçe veya İngilizce herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, vücut yağ yüzdesi hesaplaması için sıklıkla antropometrik ölçümler kullanılmıştır. Eşitlik çıkarmak için istatistiksel temelli klasik yöntemler tercih edilmiştir. Eşitlik korelasyon değerleri 0.42< R<0.99 arasında değişkenlik göstermektedir. Eşitliklerin performansını belirleyen en önemli faktörler yaş, cinsiyet, etnik köken ve antropometrik ölçümler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak vücut yağ yüzdesi hesabı için yaş etnik yapı ve diğer parametreler göz önüne alınarak erkek ve kadınlar için ayrı eşitliklerin geliştirilebilir ve kullanılabilir.
Organizational and Methodological Aspects of Developing Profession-Oriented Foreign Language Didactic Resources in a Technical University
Authors: Almazova Nadezhda , Popova Nina , Evtushenko Tatiana
Published: May 2020

The present article features the organizational and methodological aspects of developing profession-oriented didactic resources in English, i.e. textbooks or teaching manuals, for students of technical specialties in order to improve their work-related competencies. The authors see the interaction between the department of foreign languages and the technical departments as an organizational and methodological dominant. They outline the development principles, content, types of exercises, and various activities. The new generation profession-oriented textbooks, created by the joint efforts of linguists and technicians, contain elements of a computer-based learning environment in its lingua-didactic apparatus. This contributes to a more efficient mastering of the content. Such textbooks follow the methodology of Content and Language Integrated Learning rather than that of English for Specific Purposes. The new manuals are highly specialized, which encourages students to pose questions. In addition, they contain creative cognitive tasks that improve special knowledge in the technical sphere.
Mediation Innovations in the Context of the Judicial Policy of Modern Russia
Authors: Trezubov Egor , Isakova Ekaterina
Published: May 2020

The article deals with mediation, or reconciliation of the parties, as a new procedure in the Russian civil judicial practice. The main advantage of judicial reconciliation is in the status of a mediator. As a rule, the mediator is a retired experienced judge who explains the law and the relevant judicial practice to the participants. However, mediation does not reduce the judicial load; it neither curtails the time of the trial nor saves the budget costs. Mediation, as well as other alternative methods of dispute settlement, can be actively applied only in a legally and economically developed society. Therefore, Russian judicial reconciliation has a long way to go. At the moment, the lack of real financial support from the government is an insurmountable obstacle for mediation. Moreover, the number of mediators differs from region to region. Therefore, the new practice needs combined efforts of the entire judicial system, from local courts to the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Mediation is effective only if it means persuasion of the parties to reconciliation and proper governmental financing.
Impacto de las evaluaciones genéticas en las tendencias genéticas de bovinos Jersey y Suizo Americano en México
Authors: Larios-Sarabia Neon , Ramírez-Valverde Rodolfo , Núñez-Domínguez Rafael , García-Muñiz José Guadalupe , Ruiz-Flores Agustín
Published: May 2020

Introducción: El hato bovino lechero especializado nacional presenta pocas estimaciones de tendencias genéticas estimadas en años recientes. Esta falta de información limita la evaluación del progreso genético obtenido y la estimación del impacto de las evaluaciones genéticas (EG) nacionales. Los objetivos del estudio fueron cuantificar el progreso genético de las poblaciones bovinas lecheras Jersey y Suizo Americano, antes y después de la implementación de las EG nacionales, así como analizar las principales causas del cambio genético estimado.Método: Se utilizaron las bases de datos genealógicos y productivos de las respectivas asociaciones nacionales de criadores de ganado de registro. Se analizaron los valores genéticos de producción de leche (PL) ajustada a 305 y 210 días de lactancia, para los años de 1994-2015 y 1986-2016, para Jersey y Suizo Americano, respectivamente. Las tendencias genéticas se estimaron mediante la regresión ponderada por el número de animales de los valores genéticos sobre los años de nacimiento. Para analizar el progreso genético, las tendencias se estimaron por periodos (considerando el inicio de las EG nacionales), rutas de selección, origen de los padres, hatos y por promedios ponderados de los sementales.Resultados: En ambas razas las tendencias genéticas generales y por periodo para PL fueron significativamente diferentes de cero (p<0.001). En Jersey la tendencia fue -21.3 kg año-1 para el periodo completo, con una tendencia positiva antes de las EG nacionales (28.1 kg año-1) y negativa (-49.0 kg año-1) después de éstas. En Suizo Americano la tendencia general fue 2.4 kg año-1; antes de las EG nacionales fue positiva, pero de baja magnitud (3.2 kg año-1); después de las EG la tendencia se redujo aún más (0.43 kg año-1). En ambas razas el mejoramiento genético antes y después de las EG nacionales no cambió su estructura en cuanto a las rutas de selección o el origen de los progenitores. Las mayores diferencias entre los promedios ponderados y los no ponderados fueron en aquellos años de mayor progreso genético, a diferencia de los últimos 10 años. También, se encontraron hatos con diferentes objetivos de selección a la mayoría de los criadores de la raza, y su exclusión (Jersey) o inclusión (Suizo Americano) del hato nacional de registro contribuyó con la caída del progreso genético para PL en el segundo periodo.Conclusión: El progreso genético para PL de las poblaciones estudiadas ha sido bajo en Suizo Americano y negativo en Jersey, en ambas razas éste se redujo después del inicio de las EG nacionales, por lo que éstas no han tenido un impacto positivo determinante en el progreso genético para PL en estas poblaciones. Los resultados indican la necesidad de reestructurar el programa nacional de mejoramiento genético de las poblaciones estudiadas, con la participación conjunta de los actores involucrados en el sector.
Importance of the class of harmonic sources in the identification of sources in the inverse electroencephalographic problem
Authors: Mozqueda Lafarga Javier , Fraguela Collar Andrés , Soto Bajo Moisés , Herrera Vega Javier
Published: May 2020

Introduction: In this work we discuss the relevance of the harmonic sources on the brain volume, which reproduce a given potential distribution on the scalp. These sources, apart from being a unicity class, they play a fundamental role in the resolution of the inverse problem of source identification with respect to any other sources class.Method: We make use of the volume conductor model for the head, in order to relate sources and reproduced measurements. The problem is rewritten as an operational formulation which allows to characterize the admissible measurements with respect to any considered sources class.Results: The admissible data set is characterized for the harmonic sources class on the brain volume. Also, the importance of this class in the context of the source estimation problem, with respect to any sources class, is shown. This is specifically illustrated considering the class of harmonic sources on a neighborhood of the cortex. Moreover, it is also shown the role the harmonic sources class on the brain plays when applying the Admissible Data Method (ADM) in order to get a general regularization scheme for the source estimation problem with respect to a unicity sources class.Conclusion: A general resolution methodology for the source estimation problem in the context of the inverse electroencephalographic problem is proposed, in which the harmonic sources class on the brain volume is crucial. Namely, given an arbitrary sources unicity class (for this inverse problem), a general method is developed for identifying the source in this class whose reproduced potential distribution best approximates a given potential measurement on the scalp. We consider sources classes in connection with the electrical activity near the cortex.
Towards a hybrid algorithm for the robust calibration of rainfall–runoff models
Authors: Okkan Umut , Kirdemir Umut
Published: May 2020

In this study, the hybrid particle swarm optimization (HPSO) algorithm was proposed and practised for the calibration of two conceptual rainfall–runoff models (dynamic water balance model and abcde). The performance of the developed method was compared with those of several metaheuristics. The models were calibrated for three sub-basins, and multiple performance criteria were taken into consideration in comparison. The results indicated that HPSO was derived significantly better and more consistent results than other algorithms with respect to hydrological model errors and convergence speed. A variance decomposition-based method – analysis of variance (ANOVA) – was also used to quantify the dynamic sensitivity of HPSO parameters. Accordingly, the individual and interactive uncertainties of the parameters defined in the HPSO are relatively low.
Development of a new water ecological health assessment method for small river in Shanghai, China
Authors: Xu Houtao , Cao Linkui , Wang Liqing , Zheng Xiaoyan
Published: May 2020

Seventeen indices were selected to structure a new water ecological health assessment system, consisting of water quality, ecological system, and ecological landscape, for evaluation of small rivers in Shanghai, China. There are 200 samples taken from 56 rivers distributed in ten districts from 2014 to 2015 in Shanghai, which were selected to constitute the study case, and the mean value of each indicator was used in the evaluation. According to various features, including natural geographical condition, social development level, etc., these rivers were classified as one of three types: central urbanization watercourse (CW), new town watercourse (NW), and village watercourse (VW). The results showed that the investigated rivers were at a medium health level, ranging from 1.79 to 3.59, with the average being 2.95. The ecological health of streams in rural areas is better than that of CW rivers and NW rivers. This study is expected to provide accurate statistics and appraisal for the improvement of river health.
Efficient water management: an analysis for the agricultural sector
Authors: Martinho Vítor João Pereira Domingues
Published: May 2020

Efficient water use in agriculture depends on a number of variables, from the farmers’ perceptions of these concerns, to the socioeconomic dimensions. In any case, it is important to bring about more insight into these fields, specifically to stimulate the design of adjusted management plans and policies which increase water efficiency on farms. These are relevant motivations to perform more research in these fields. In this framework, the main objective of this study is to analyse the water management efficiency of the agricultural sector in the regions (NUTS 2) and countries in the European Union. For this purpose, statistical information from the Eurostat was considered and an approach based on the Cobb–Douglas theory of production was used which combines DEA (data envelopment analysis) with factor and cluster analysis. Also performed was qualitative analysis with the Atlas.ti software. This approach that combines qualitative analysis with DEA–factor-cluster analysis brings new outcomes to the literature. The insights obtained from this study reveal that it is possible to improve water management without compromising the agricultural output and while still improving farmers’ profit. For example, in some French regions, almost 100% of the surface water withdrawal for agricultural irrigation could be saved.
Anaerobic digestion effluent treatment using microalgae and nitrifiers in an outdoor raceway pond with fluidized carriers
Authors: Akizuki Shinichi , Cuevas-Rodríguez Germán , Toda Tatsuki
Published: May 2020

Combining microalgae and nitrifiers in a single photobioreactor has attracted attention as an alternative approach for conventional nitrogen removal from wastewater. However, nitrifiers are known to be sensitive to light exposure. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of using fluidized carriers to mitigate light stress in nitrifiers. An outdoor raceway pond containing microalgae and nitrifiers with fluidized carriers was used to treat two-fold diluted anaerobic digestion effluent (785 mg-N L−1 as a form of dissolved total Kjeldahl nitrogen: TKN) over 50 days. The average daily sunlight intensity reached the inhibition level of nitrifiers (423 μmol photons m−2 s−1); however, stable nitrification with a specific ammonium oxidation rate of 55 mg-N g-total suspended solid−1 day−1 was observed. TKN was mostly removed via nitrifier metabolism (ammonium oxidation and uptake: 40.1%) and partially via microalgae uptake (5.7%). Different microalgae-based processes including that of this study were compared in terms of tolerances to a high dissolved TKN concentration and strong light. Our system showed a relatively higher resistance to not only light exposure but also TKN because the nitrification process decreased the free ammonia level to less than 0.25 mg L−1, which allowed microalgae to grow despite the high ammonium concentration.
The social unit in self-organization and self-government of transforming Russia
Authors: Salokhin Nikolay P.
Published: May 2020

This article considers the problem of the social from the perspective of human functioning in the context of developing self-organization and self-government in the society. The formation of the civil society in transforming Russia has been delayed largely due to the lack of developed subjectivity at both the individual and municipal levels. The weakness of civil initiatives reveals the reasons for the lack of demand for self-order, self-organization, and self-government in particular. The purpose of this article is to examine the role of the human being as a social unit in the processes of self-organization and self-government of transforming Russia. The author identifies three interpenetrating and complementary levels of existence in the system of social management, in accordance with their importance. These three levels are distinct in personifications and the maturity of the individual-personal, and they include the level of individual personality, the level of objective social communities, and the society-wide level. The results show that the institution of self-government is generated by social communications. Its social multi-factor nature is constantly influenced by both the society and the individual, as well as by objective factors of a non-anthropogenic nature. The author suggests using a social-synergetic approach for this problem. This approach to the study of social processes allows us to apply the methods of exact and natural sciences in addition to sociological and philosophical concepts and technologies, which results in a more detailed picture of social development. This article focuses on the local territorial community, which is a key link in social processes. The social as a whole is a universal reality that reveals the meaning of the unit of the society as an ultimate universal that personifies the activity of a certain type or group of public relations. The author concludes that the social unit in the processes of self-organization and self-government in Russian society is a person who represents the society in all the diversity of its hierarchy and social communications. According to the author, the positive experience of previous eras remains outside of management efforts. The asymmetry of development reproduces social contradictions in the fundamental spheres of life.
Determination of Situations of Extra-curricular Practices Carried About Robotics, Coding and Electronics
Authors: Öz Yıldız Reyhan , Talaslıoğlu Seyide Senanur , Yıldırım Mehtap
Published: May 2020

In the study, it was aimed that the establishment of intramural and extracurricular practices carried regarding robotics, coding and electronics and the determination of teacher opinions on various subjects regarding robotics, coding and electronics. Within the context of this study, data was collected by teachers or administrators from 52 state schools in Avcılar district of Istanbul with the help of an online interview form. For examining the data collected in the study, descriptive analysis which is a kind of qualitative data analysis methods was used. Collected data was analysed in the frame of current situation determination, the determination of schools’ requirements, future plans of schools and the contribution of practices of robotics-coding and electronics into education. According to results of the study, it was determined that the use of practices of robotics, coding and electronics in intramural and extracurricular activities would provide a more effective learning environment for students and that it would contribute in a positive way to grow up individuals who use improving technology more effectively. In addition, common opinion of all schools that receive or want to receive education in these fields is that the practices of robotics and coding will make a positive contribution on students’ academic successes, attitudes and motivations.
Synthesis, Anticancer, and Antibacterial Studies of Benzylidene Bearing 5-substituted and 3,5-disubstituted-2,4-Thiazolidinedione Derivatives
Authors: Sethi Navjot S. , Prasad Deo N. , Singh Rajesh K.
Published: May 2020

Aim:

To develop novel compounds having potent anticancer and antibacterial activities.

Background:

Several studies have proved that benzylidene analogues of clinical 2,4-TZDs, such
as troglitazone and ciglitazone, have more potent antiproliferative activity than their parent compounds.
Literature studies also revealed that the attachment of more heterocyclic rings, containing
nitrogen on 5th position of 2,4-TZD, can enhance the antimicrobial activity. Hence, attachment of
various moieties on the benzylidene ring may produce safe and effective compounds in the future.

Objective:

The objective of the present study was to synthesize a set of novel benzylidene ring
containing 5- and 3-substituted-2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives and evaluate them for their anticancer
and antibacterial activity.

Methods:

The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, mass, and elemental studies.
The in vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed for human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human
lung cancer (A549) cells and HepG2 cell-line and compared to standard drug doxorubicin by MTT
assay. Antimicrobial activity of the synthesized 2,4-thiazolidinediones derivatives was carried out
using the cup plate method with slight modification.

Results:

The results obtained showed that TZ-5 and TZ-13 exhibited good antiproliferative activity
against A549 cancer cell-line, whereas TZ-10 exhibited moderate antiproliferative activity against
HepG2 cell-line when compared to standard drug doxorubicin. TZ-5 also exhibited reasonable activity
against the MCF-7 cell-line with doxorubicin as standard. TZ-4, TZ-5, TZ-6, TZ-7, and TZ-
16 exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against Gram positive and moderate activity against
Gram negative bacteria with the standard drug ciprofloxacin.

Conclusion:

Attachment of heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen as the hetero atom improves the
anticancer and antimicrobial potential. Attachment of electronegative elements like halogens can
also enhance the antimicrobial activity. Further structure modifications may lead to the development
of more potent 2,4-TZD leads that can be evaluated for further advanced studies.
A Highly Sensitive LC–MS/MS Method Development and Validation of Fedratinib in Human Plasma and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation in Healthy Rabbits
Authors: Khadernaick Ayesha Begum , Kumar Gubbiyappa Shiva , Sandhya Pamu , Bhikshapathi Darna
Published: May 2020

Background:

A simple and sensitive quantitation analytical technique by liquid chromatography–tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is essential for fedratinib in biological media with kinetic study in healthy rabbits.

Objective:

The main objectives of the present research work are to LC-MS/MS method development and validate procedure
for the quantitation of fedratinib and its application to kinetic study in rabbits.

Methods:

Separation of processed samples were employed on zorbax SB C18 column (50mm×4.6 mm) 3.5µm with a movable
phase of methanol, acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in the ratio of 30:60:10. The movable phase was monitored through
column at 0.8 ml/min flow rate. The drug and ibrutinib internal standard (IS) were evaluated by monitoring the transitions of
m/z -525.260/57.07 and 441.2/55.01 for fedratinib and IS respectively in multiple reaction monitoring mode.

Results:

The linear equation and coefficient of correlation (R2) results were y =0.00348x+0.00245 and
0.9984, respectively. Intra and inter-day precision RSD findings of the developed technique were
found in the range of 2.4 - 5.3% for the quality control (QC)-samples (252.56, 1804.0 and 2706 ng/ml).
The proposed method was subjected to pharmacokinetic study in healthy rabbits and the kinetic study,
fedratinib showed mean AUClast 13190±18.1 hr*ng/ml and Cmax was found to be 3550±4.31 ng/ml in
healthy rabbits.

Conclusion:

The validated method can be applicable for the pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic studies in the clinical and
forensic analysis of fedratinib in different kinds of biological matrices successfully.
role of the subject “literature” in forming personality in modern secondary schools
Authors: Kurmanbay Gultas
Published: May 2020

In the current time, one of the important tasks of modern schools is to prepare a highly educated student who can think creatively and independently in any situation. In the realization of this task, literature, as a school discipline, which forms the inner world and valuable orientations of students, plays a large role. The study of literature can have crucial importance in the education of the independent personality possessing esthetical taste. Scholars consider the subject of literature as a critical study of literary texts. They clarify that one of the main aims of the subject is the critical analysis of how language is used in different types of texts to identify meaning and find out text elements. With the help of reading various literary texts, students in secondary education of modern schools can receive skills of critical analysis through connecting the meaning of these texts with their lives and the world. Besides, teaching literature in secondary education can provide the ability to imagine the inner and outer worlds of any substance, to solve and investigate important, present, and future problems individually. A considerable number of scholars and studies have attempted to describe the importance of this discipline.
Tantangan globalisasi, peran negara, dan implikasinya terhadap aktualisasi nilai-nilai ideologi negara
Authors: Silitonga Tatar Bonar
Published: May 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh globalisasi, peran negara, dan implikasinya terhadap aktualisasi nilai-nilai ideologi negara bagi Warga Negara Indonesia. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam menjawab permasalahan adalah dengan studi literatur, observasi, dan wawancara.  Dari hasil data ditemukan bahwa terdapat nilai-nilai globalisasi yang mempengaruhi pola pikir, sikap, dan perilaku sebagian warga negara yang didukung dengan konsistensi, ketegasan, dan penguatan peran pemerintah dalam merawat nilai-nilai kebersamaan. Selain itu juga berimplikasi untuk meredam eskalasi dan kegiatan yang menjurus pada perilaku yang menonjolkan sentiment primordial serta berimplikasi memantapkan persepsi warga negara tentang pentingnya ideologi negara, walaupun tidak langsung mengakselerasi masyarakat mengaktualisasikan nilai-nilai ideology negara secara signifikan.-----This article aims to analyze the effect of globalization, the role of the state, and its implications for the actualization of state ideology values for Indonesian citizens. The approach used in answering problems is through literature study, observation, and interview. From the results of the data, it found that there are values of globalization that affect the mindset, attitudes, and behavior of some citizens supported by consistency, decisiveness, and strengthening the role of government in caring for the values of togetherness. It also has implications to reduce escalation and activities that lead to behaviors that highlight primordial sentiments and has implications for strengthening citizens' perceptions about the importance of state ideology. However, it does not directly accelerate the community to actualize state ideology values significantly.
Pengembangan modul praktikum mata kuliah Pancasila dengan model project citizen untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai antikorupsi pada mahasiswa
Authors: Mulyoto Galih Puji
Published: May 2020

Proses penanaman nilai-nilai antikorupsi dikalangan mahasiswa harus terpadu antara teori dan praktik. Faktanya, praktik lapangan terkait penanaman nilai-nilai antikorupsi pada matakuliah Pendidikan Pancasila di Perguruan Tinggi minim sekali diterapkan. Salah satu faktor kesulitan mahasiswa maupun dosen dalam melaksanakan praktik lapangan karena tidak adanya modul praktikum. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini mengembangkan modul praktikum menggunakan model project citizen pada matakuliah Pendidikan pancasila untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai antikorupsi pada mahasiswa FITK UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan model pengembangan pembelajaran Walter Dick Lou Carey. Kelayakan dan keefektifan pengembangan modul praktikum menggunakan project citizen pada matakuliah pancasila dapat untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai antikorupsi. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada menanamkan keterampilan dan sikap tentang nilai-nilai antikorupsi pada mahasiswa setelah menggunakan modul praktikum berbasis project citizen dari hasil produk pengembangan. Selain itu, modul praktikum berbasis Project Citizen Terbukti secara signifikan efektif untuk menanamkan keterampilan dan sikap tentang nilai-nilai antikorupsi pada mahasiswa.-----The process of teaching anti-corruption values among students must integrate between theory and practice. Field practices related to instilling anti-corruption benefits in the Pancasila Education course in tertiary institutions are very minimal. One factor is the difficulty of students and lecturers in carrying out field practice because there is no practicum module. Therefore this study developed a practical module using the Project Citizen Model in Pancasila Education courses to instill anti-corruption values in FITK UIN students Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. This research designed using Walter Dick Lou Carey's learning development model. The feasibility and effectiveness of the development of practical modules using project citizen in Pancasila courses can instill anti-corruption values. The results showed that there were significant differences in teaching skills and attitudes about anti-corruption values in students after using the Project Citizen-based practical module from the product development results. Besides that, the Project Citizen-based practical module proved to be significantly effective in instilling skills and attitudes about anti-corruption values in students.
Knowledge of and Attitude toward Breastfeeding among Medical Staff Working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Obstetric Unit
Authors: Kim Eun Sook , Cho Young Hee , Lee Hyejung
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the knowledge of and attitude toward breastfeeding among medical staff working in the neonatal intensive care unit and obstetric unit.Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. The questionnaire focused on participants’ knowledge of and attitude toward breastfeeding and their characteristics. A total of 123 participants, including nurses and physicians working in the neonatal intensive care unit and obstetric unit, completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and Spearman correlation coefficient.Results: One-third the of participants reported that they had obtained formal education related to breastfeeding within the last year, 44% of participants obtained information related to breastfeeding from books, while 30.9% of participants learned from coworkers. Over 93% of the participants reported a need for formal breastfeeding education. The rate of correct answers for breastfeeding knowledge was 59.2%, and there were no significant differences between the nurse and physician groups. Breastfeeding attitude was positive with a score of 60.0, and nurses working in the obstetric unit scored higher than other nurse or physician groups (p=0.014). A significant correlation between knowledge of and attitude toward breastfeeding was found in medical staff attending to preterm infant mothers (p<0.001).Conclusion: Consistent information and positive support regarding breastfeeding need to be provided to medical staff so that they can help preterm mothers initiate and continue breastfeeding. Further study is needed to develop an interprofessional education program to increase breastfeeding knowledge and enhance positive attitude of medical staff attending to preterm mothers.
Relations among Maternal Employment, Depressive Symptoms, Breastfeeding Duration, and Body Mass Index Trajectories in Early Childhood
Authors: Kim Jihyoung
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations among maternal employment, breastfeeding duration, and body mass index (BMI) trajectories in early childhood. Drawing from the process model of the determinants of parenting, this study particularly focused on the mediating role of depressive symptoms in these links.Methods: This study analyzed the data of 2,059 mothers and their children from the panel study on Korean children. A latent growth curve analysis was conducted to investigate the paths linking maternal employment to BMI trajectories during the preschool years.Results: Maternal employment was associated with low levels of depressive symptoms, which in turn predicted a longer duration of breastfeeding. Second, maternal employment had direct adverse effects on the breastfeeding duration. We also found that longer duration of breastfeeding contributed to the low levels of BMI in early childhood.Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of maternal mental health and breastfeeding duration to prevent obesity in early childhood. Moreover, the results suggest that a distinct approach for working and stay-at-home mothers needs to be considered for the promotion of breastfeeding.
Medical Data Feature Learning Based on Probability and Depth Learning Mining: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Yang Yuanlin , Li Dehua
Published: May 2020

Background

Big data technology provides unlimited potential for efficient storage, processing, querying, and analysis of medical data. Technologies such as deep learning and machine learning simulate human thinking, assist physicians in diagnosis and treatment, provide personalized health care services, and promote the use of intelligent processes in health care applications.

Objective

The aim of this paper was to analyze health care data and develop an intelligent application to predict the number of hospital outpatient visits for mass health impact and analyze the characteristics of health care big data. Designing a corresponding data feature learning model will help patients receive more effective treatment and will enable rational use of medical resources.

Methods

A cascaded depth model was successfully implemented by constructing a cascaded depth learning framework and by studying and analyzing the specific feature transformation, feature selection, and classifier algorithm used in the framework. To develop a medical data feature learning model based on probabilistic and deep learning mining, we mined information from medical big data and developed an intelligent application that studies the differences in medical data for disease risk assessment and enables feature learning of the related multimodal data. Thus, we propose a cascaded data feature learning model.

Results

The depth model created in this paper is more suitable for forecasting daily outpatient volumes than weekly or monthly volumes. We believe that there are two reasons for this: on the one hand, the training data set in the daily outpatient volume forecast model is larger, so the training parameters of the model more closely fit the actual data relationship. On the other hand, the weekly and monthly outpatient volume is the cumulative daily outpatient volume; therefore, errors caused by the prediction will gradually accumulate, and the greater the interval, the lower the prediction accuracy.

Conclusions

Several data feature learning models are proposed to extract the relationships between outpatient volume data and obtain the precise predictive value of the outpatient volume, which is very helpful for the rational allocation of medical resources and the promotion of intelligent medical treatment.
Characterizing Emotional State Transitions During Prolonged Use of a Mindfulness and Meditation App: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Athanas Argus , McCorrison Jamison , Campistron Julie , Bender Nick , Price Jamie , Smalley Susan , Schork Nicholas J
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

The increasing demand for mental health care, a lack of mental health care providers, and unequal access to mental health care services have created a need for innovative approaches to mental health care. Digital device apps, including digital therapeutics, that provide recommendations and feedback for dealing with stress, depression, and other mental health issues can be used to adjust mood and ultimately show promise to help meet this demand. In addition, the recommendations delivered through such apps can also be tailored to an individual’s needs (ie, personalized) and thereby potentially provide greater benefits than traditional “one-size-fits-all” recommendations.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to characterize individual transitions from one emotional state to another during the prolonged use of a digital app designed to provide a user with guided meditations based on their initial, potentially negative, emotional state. Understanding the factors that mediate such transitions can lead to improved recommendations for specific mindfulness and meditation interventions or activities (MMAs) provided in mental health apps.

METHODS

We analyzed data collected during the use of the Stop, Breathe & Think (SBT) mindfulness app. The SBT app prompts users to input their emotional state before and immediately after engaging with MMAs recommended by the app. Data were collected from more than 650,000 SBT users engaging in nearly 5 million MMAs. We limited the scope of our analysis to users with 10 or more MMA sessions that included at least 6 basal emotional state evaluations. Using clustering techniques, we grouped emotions recorded by individual users and then applied longitudinal mixed effect models to assess the associations between individual recommended MMAs and transitions from one group of emotions to another.

RESULTS

We found that basal emotional states have a strong influence on transitions from one emotional state to another after MMA engagement. We also found that different MMAs impact these transitions, and many were effective in eliciting a healthy transition but only under certain conditions. In addition, we observed gender and age effects on these transitions.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that the initial emotional state of an SBT app user determines the type of SBT MMAs that will have a favorable effect on their transition from one emotional state to another. Our results have implications for the design and use of guided mental health recommendations for digital device apps.