bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN HIGHER LEARNING INSTITUTIONS IN TANZANIA:
Authors: LYASUKAH OMARY
Published: November 2021

This research is based on collected data from the study conducted in the year 2021 in higher learning education in Tanzania
ASPEK PEMASARAN
Authors: Taha Muh. Ridwan
Published: November 2021

This study analyzes the aspects of market, marketing, and finance of the small business of traditional snack industries. Analysis on these aspects is required in order to determine the feasibility of business development of small business of traditional Bangka snack industries. This study uses quantitative and qualitative analysis to analyze aspects of market, marketing and finance. For the market aspects, there are analyses of demand, supply and market forms. For the marketing aspects, there are analyses of market segmentation, target market, market positioning, SWOT analysis, competitor and marketing mix, while for the financial aspect there are analyses of Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period, Profitabilty Index (PI) .Keywords: Bangka snack industries, Aspect of Market, Marketing and Finance.
Manajemen strategis perusahaan
Authors: AGUNG MUHAMMAD
Published: November 2021

Manajemen strategi perusahhan
Pemberian Vaksinasi Covid-19 Kepada Masyarakat Sebagai Wujud Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Bidang Kesehatan
Authors: Hidayanti Aprillia Nuril
Published: November 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 atau yang sering biasa disebut Covid-19 merupakan sebuah pandemi yang tak pelak usai hingga saat ini wabah ini sudah mengakibatkan sejumlah perbuahan besar dalam berbagai sektor salah diantaranya yaitu sektor ekonomi. Kasus kematian Covid-19 kian hari kian meningkat. Untuk menanggulanginya pemerintah menggalakan berbagai macam cara yang berubah seiring dengan semakin bertambahnya angka penyebaran dan angka kematian akibat virus corona. Pemberian vaksin merupakan salah satu upaya yang dinilai paling efektif untuk mengatasi pandemi COVID-19 yang masih terus berlangsung. Vaksinasi yang diberikan bertujuan untuk memutus mata rantai penularan virus corona dengan cara meningkatkan kekebalan imunitas dari setiap orang yang divaksin. Hingga saat ini vaksinasi masih terus digalakkan, pemerintah menargetkan vaksinasi harus menyeluruh. Semua warga negara Indonesia harus menerima vaksinasi sesuai dosis yang telah ditentukan
Aspek Hukum Dalam studi kelayakan bisnis
Authors: Dahlia
Published: November 2021

Aspek hukum merupakan aspek terpenting dalam suatu perjanjian, karena dengan memperhatikan aspek hukum, maka para pihak akan dapat mengantisipasi persoalanpersoalan yang akan timbul dalam perjanjian. Hal itu dikarenakan para pihak yang bersangkutan dalam proses terjadinya sebuah buku, terutama pihak penerbit dan pengarang akan mengetahui hak-hak apa saja yang dimilikinya dan kewajiban-kewajiban apa saja yang harus dijalankannya. Hal yang lebih penting lagi adalah para pihak dapat mengetahui bagaimana jalan keluar apabila ternyata masih terjadi suatu perselisihan atau persengketaan, sehingga dengan demikian akan diperoleh suatu penyelesaian yang dapat memuaskan kedua pihak dan mengurangi kerugian yang timbul akibat terbuangnya waktu, tenaga dan biaya.
Makalah Analisis Aspek Studi Kelayakan Bisnis Untuk Wirausaha
Authors: Asniar
Published: November 2021

Bangsa Indonesia seperti juga bangsa berkembang di dunia, tengah dihadapkan pada masalah kemiskinan dan pengangguran yang jumlahnya semakin bertambah. Sebagian dari mereka adalah kaum terpelajar yang berusia produktif. Dampak pengangguran tidak hanya menjadi sumber kriminalitas, tetapi berakibat pada rendahnya produktifitas dan daya saing bangsa. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah pengangguran dan kemiskinan tersebut, pilihan tepat adalah menciptakan lapangan kerja dengan memaksimalkan potensi dan keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh angkatan kerja yang menganggur. Penciptaan lebih banyak kesempatan kerja akan memiliki kontribusi besar terhadap produktifitas bangsa, khususnya untuk memberantas kemiskinan dan memecahkan masalah sosial, keputusasaan dan frustasi. Siapa yang bisa menciptakan lapangan kerja? Jawabnya adalah: ‛ENTREPRENEUR‛ atau Wirausaha
Differential expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein 2, BMP2, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. BMP2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of BMP2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with luminal A subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. BMP2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat
Authors: Silvia Wida
Published: November 2021

Pembangunan kesehatan diperlukan upaya peningkatan pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan. Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Bidang Kesehatan merupakan proses untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran dan kemampuan individu, keluarga serta masyarakat untuk berperan aktif dalam upaya kesehatan yang dilaksanakan dengan cara fasilitasi proses pemecahan masalah melalui pendekatan edukatif dan partisipatif serta memperhatikan kebutuhan potensi dan sosial budaya setempat. (Permenkes RI,2019)
Cara Mengajukan Pinjaman di Bank
Authors: Ramadani Ainun
Published: November 2021

Sebagaimana diketahui bahwa para pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) masih menghadapi berbagai masalah. Berbagai hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa permasalahan yang dihadapi tersebut meliputi manajemen usaha yang masih tradisional, kualitas sumber daya manusia yang masih belumn mencukupi, teknik produksi yang masih terbatas, dan sulitnya akses pembiayaan usaha atau kredit kepada perbankan dan lembaga keuangan bukan bank lainnya. Untuk mengatasi masalah modal dalam mendirikan usaha ada beberapa cara memperoleh modal. Salah satunya ialah dengan mengajukan pinjaman modal ke bank atau yang biasa kita sebut dengan kredit.
PERSATUAN DAN KESATUAN DI HARI SUMPAH PEMUDA
Authors: Q.A Zulfa Firda
Published: November 2021

Hari Sumpah Pemuda jatuh pada tanggal 28 Oktober 2021. Sumpah Pemuda adalah suatu ikrar pemuda-pemudi Indonesia yang mengaku bertumpah darah satu, tanah Indonesia, mengaku berbangsa satu, bangsa Indonesia, dan menjunjung bahasa persatuan, bahasa Indonesia. Dirangkum dari laman Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, ikrar tersebut merupakan hasil putusan Kerapatan Pemoeda-Pemoedi atau Kongres Pemuda II yang digelar pada 27-28 Oktober 1928. Kongres tersebut digelar setelah sebelumnya dilaksanakan Kongres Pemuda I mulai tanggal 30 April hingga 2 Mei 1926 di Batavia (Jakarta). Namun, Kongres Pemuda I diakhiri tanpa hasil yang memuaskan. Tahun ini, Hari Sumpah Pemuda 2021 diperingati Kamis, 28 Oktober
Fragestellung und Hypothese
Authors: Schefuß Julia
Published: November 2021

Fragestellung und Hypothese
IMPLEMENTASI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DI BIDANG KESEHATAN
Authors: Nanda Dea Rizkita
Published: November 2021

Teknologi yang ada di bidang kesehatan seperti komputer maupun cctv untuk memudahkan kinerja suster dan dokter.
pentingnya persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa
Authors: udju maria fauziah oes
Published: November 2021

Masih seringnya terjadi dibidang kesehatan karena kurang dipahaminya perlindungan hukum yang mengatur keserasian antara kepentingan tenaga kesehatan dengan pasien. Mengingat landasan hubungan antara tenaga kesebatan dengan pasien adalah berdasarksn kepercayaan, maka perlu ditentukan batas-batas tertentu untuk adanya suatu keterbukaan. Melalui artikel ini penulis menjelaskan tentang hak dan kewajiban pasien secara garis besar, dengan melihat kenyataan pada porsi pasien yang belum sebagaimana mestinya diterima.
Implementasi Persatuan dan Kesatuan Dalam Kehidupan Berbangsa dan Bernegara
Authors: Rohim Abdul
Published: November 2021

Sila ke-tiga Pancasila yang berbunyi Persatuan Indonesia mempunyai nilai mengutamakan persatuan atau kerukunan bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Pengamalan butir Pancasila ke-tiga tidak lepas dari kondisi Indonesia yang mana diberkahi keragaman suku , budaya , bahasa dan juga agama. Persatuan Indonesia mengutamakan kepentingan dan keselamatan negara dari pada kepentingan pribadi atau golongan. Negara mengakui dan menyatakan bangsa Indonesia adalah satu kesatuan . Negara melalui pemerintah harus benar-benar menjaga dan memperkuat bangsa Indonesia dengan persatuan. Disisi lain, makna setiap sila dalam Pancasila sebagai dasar negara harus dipahami setiap warga Indonesia , temasuk sila ketiga yang berbunyi persatuan Indonesia. Tanpa memahami maknanya Pancasila mungkin hanya dianggap sebagai slogan semata . Makna setiap sila pancasila harus menjadi landasan , fondasi utama,dan titik acuan Bangsa Indonesia dalam mengatur kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara .
Peran Penting Persatuan dan Kesatuan Dalam Mewujudkan Program Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (GERMAS)
Authors: Silfiani Rosita
Published: November 2021

Persatuan merupakan suatu gabungan (ikatan dan kumpulan) dengan bagian yang sudah utuh bersatu, perserikatan dan serikat. Sementara keatuan berarti perihal satu kesatuan, sifat, yang tunggal, dan kesatuan. Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (GERMAS) merupakan suatu tindakan sistematis dan terencana yang dilakukan secara Bersama sama oleh seluruh komponen bangsa dengan kesadaran, kemauan dan kemampuan berperilaku sehat untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Peran persatuan dan kesatuan sangat diperlukan demi terwujudnya program ini karena dengan adanya persatuan dan kesatuan antara masyarakat dan tenaga penyuluh maka program ini dapat berjalan dengan baik. Program Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (GERMAS) yang dilaksanakan dengan cara sosialisasi dan penyuluhan disasarkan pada masyarakat agar mengetahui pentingnya menjaga pola hidup sehat, serta memberikan dorongan agar masyarakat mampu menerapkan program Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (GERMAS)
KEDUDUKAN BHINEKA TUNGGAL IKA UNTUK MEMPERKUKUH NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: FATIMAH TRIANA DEVI
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran mengenai kedudukan Bhineka Tunggal Ika di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian studi pustaka. Informasi yang diambil berupa hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan konsep kebhinnekaan dan pandemi Covid-19. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dengan menelusuri sumber buku, jurnal, dan sumber internet yang relevan. Sebagai bangsa yang memegang teguh semboyan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika sudah sepatutnya bisa mengamalkan semboyan tersebut dalam berbagai hal situasi yang mengancam robohnya persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Kebajikan warga negara dalam bentuk mengamalkan dan mengetahui kedudukan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika di kalangan masyarakat dapat dicapai dengan pengetahuan dan kepedulian masyarakat itu sendiri. Kedudukan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika sangat berperan penting dalam memperkokoh Persatuan dan Kesatuan Negara Republik Indonesia di masa pandemi seperti ini. Dengan menerapkan konsep Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dengan kebersamaan tanpa membeda-bedakan, diharapkan kita dapat bersama-sama melawan Covid-19 tanpa membedakan golongan ataupun latar belakang pekerjaan.
Fire and water: contaminants and clearance following uncontrolled fires
Authors: Walsh Erin , Stevenson Tim , Terrett Richard , Banwell Cathy , Sutherland Stewart , Lal Aparna
Published: November 2021

There is a growing body of evidence surrounding the implications of uncontrolled bushfires and wildfires on water. This topic has importance from an ecological perspective, and significance for human health as it has consequences for drinking water quality and supply. Against the backdrop of climate change, it is especially important to holistically understand the impact of fire on water. This review took a systematic approach to establish a comprehensive overview of the changes occurring in freshwater systems following uncontrolled wildfires and bushfires. Screening of 16,551 results obtained from Web of Science, PubMed, and MEDLINE resulted in 111 manuscripts suitable for inclusion. The impact of fire across a wide range of water quality indicators either relative to pre-fire measurements or reference sites was examined qualitatively (increase/decrease) and where possible quantitatively (% change or difference). Factors included biomass, indicator species and species diversity, metals, nutrients, salts, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, particulates and turbidity, pH, conductivity, temperature, and water course morphology. Evidence focused largely on short to medium term impacts (e.g. within 2 years of the fire event), with only a subset of studies reporting on longer term changes in response to fire. We found that bushfire has acute and long-lasting effects on water in terms of physical (e.g. decreased suspended particle size), chemical (e.g. increased nutrient concentration), and biological (e.g. decreased species diversity) characteristics. There was also evidence of resilience and recovery. We urge future work to consider measures that will fulfil both environmental and human health considerations, to allow more integrated insight into the impacts of fire on water.
Nonlinear time series analysis of palaeoclimate proxy records
Authors: Marwan Norbert , Donges Jonathan , Donner Reik , Eroglu Deniz
Published: November 2021

Identifying and characterising dynamical regime shifts, critical transitions or potential tipping points in palaeoclimate time series is relevant for improving the understanding of often highly nonlinear Earth system dynamics. Beyond linear changes in time series properties such as mean, variance, or trend, these nonlinear regime shifts can manifest as changes in signal predictability, regularity, complexity, or higher-order stochastic properties such as multi-stability.In recent years, several classes of methods have been put forward to study these critical transitions in time series data that are based on concepts from nonlinear dynamics, complex systems science, information theory, and stochastic analysis. These includeapproaches such as phase space-based recurrence plots and recurrence networks, visibility graphs, order pattern-based entropies, and stochastic modelling.Here, we review and compare in detail several prominent methods from these fields by applying them to the same set of marine palaeoclimate proxy records of African climate variations during the past 5~million years. Applying these methods, we observe notable nonlinear transitions in palaeoclimate dynamics in these marine proxy records and discuss them in the context of important climate events and regimes such as phases of intensified Walker circulation, marine isotope stage M2, the onset of northern hemisphere glaciation and the mid-Pleistocene transition. We find that the studied approaches complement each other by allowing us to point out distinct aspects of dynamical regime shifts in palaeoclimate time series.We also detect significant correlations of these nonlinear regime shift indicators with variations of Earth's orbit, suggesting the latter as potential triggers of nonlinear transitions in palaeoclimate.Overall, the presented study underlines the potentials of nonlinear time series analysis approaches to provide complementary information on dynamical regime shifts in palaeoclimate and their driving processes that cannot be revealed by linear statistics or eyeball inspection of the data alone.
Does Putting Away Your Smartphone Make You Happier? The Effects of Restricting Digital Media and Social Media on Well-Being
Authors: Walsh Lisa C. , Regan Annie , Okabe-Miyamoto Karynna , Lyubomirsky Sonja
Published: November 2021

Both scientists and laypeople have become increasingly concerned about smartphones, especially their associated digital media (e.g., email, news, gaming, and dating apps) and social media (e.g., Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat). Recent correlational research links substantial declines in Gen Z well-being to digital and social media use, yet other work suggests the effects are small and unnoteworthy. To further disentangle correlation from causation and better elucidate the strength and direction of effects, we conducted a pre-registered 8-day experimental deprivation study with Gen Z individuals (N = 338). Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) restrict digital media use, (2) restrict social media use, (3) restrict water use (active control), or (4) restrict nothing (measurement-only control). Relative to controls, participants restricting digital media reported a variety of benefits, including higher life satisfaction, mindfulness, autonomy, competence, and self-esteem, and reduced loneliness and stress. In contrast, those assigned to restrict social media reported relatively few benefits (increased mindfulness) and even some costs (more negative emotion).
French norms for the online Sussex-Waterloo Scale of Hypnotizability
Authors: Apelian Clément
Published: November 2021

This paper presents French norms for the online version of the Sussex-Waterloo Scale of Hypnotizability. This scale is an online adaptation of the well-established Waterloo-Stanford Group C scale of hypnotic susceptibility with both behavioural and subjective scores. Insofar as hypnotizability (the ability to respond to suggestions in a hypnotic context) varies substantially in the general population and remains generally stable throughout life, it is important to measure it in experiments using hypnotic suggestion. However, these scales are time consuming, as they often require multiple sessions in order to achieve a suitable sample size for subsequent participant screening. One promising route for overcoming this inconvenience is to perform hypnotizability assessment online. The Sussex-Waterloo Scale of Hypnotizability is the first to have demonstrated the viability of online measurement. We show that our translation of this scale yields similar statistics. Alongside recent critics of the classic scales of hypnotizability, we point to limitations of this scale and discuss ways of accommodating some of its drawbacks.
No Evidence of a Major Learning Slide 14 Months into the COVID-19 Pandemic in Denmark
Authors: Birkelund Jesper Fels , Karlson Kristian Bernt
Published: November 2021

We study the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s academic performance in Denmark 14 months into the pandemic using nationwide and exceptionally rich data on reading test scores and family background (N ≈ 200.000 per year). We find no evidence of any major learning slide. While pupils in grade 8 experienced a three percentile points loss in reading performance, pupils in grades 2 and 4 experienced a learning gain of about five percentile points, possibly resulting from school closures being significantly longer among older (22 weeks) than younger children (eight weeks). Importantly and in contrast to expectations, we find little evidence of widening learning gaps by family background. Still, in grade 8 we see a tendency for gaps by parental income and employment status to widen slightly. Further analyses point to that all of these patterns were already in place a few months into pandemic, suggesting that learning gaps did not widen during the subsequent year in which most of the total lockdown period occurred. We also find some indication that boys and low-performing pupils suffered more from school closures than girls and high-performing pupils, but these differences are minor.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAERAH KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA
Authors: Umam Mochamad Febri Sayidil , Marta Sugema Dasuki Tito
Published: November 2021

Abstrak

This research aims to determine empirical evidence about the effect of the use of financial accounting information systems, human resource competence, and the role of internal audit on the quality of financial reports of the Local Government Majalengka. The research method uses a descriptive verification approach. The population in this study were employees of the Local Government of Majalengka. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The sample of this study was 135 employees in the finance department (head of department and financial staff). The research is explanotary research which relates to the position of the studied variables and the influence between one variable and the research variable. The data analysis technique used multiple regression analysis with SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that partially the use of SIAKD has no significant effect on the quality of LKPD, HR competence has a significant effect on the quality of LKPD, the role of Internal Audit has a significant effect on the quality of LKPD. Simultaneously the use of SIAKD, HR competence and the role of Internal Audit have a significant effect on the quality of LKPD.
PENGARUH DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER) DAN RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE) TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Dika Meirwan Nurcahya , Wirman
Published: November 2021

Dari hasil penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh Return On Equity (R)OE) dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) terhadap Harga saham sub sector perusahaan pertambangan batu bara indonesia. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan 6 perusahaan yang masuk dalam Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) yang ada dalam “Bursa Efek Indonesia” dalam periode 2015 hingga 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda, pengujian hipotesis klasik dan pengujian signifikansi . Hasil penelitian ini Return On Equity (ROE) memiliki dampak negative terhadap harga saham dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) miliki pengaruh positif terhadap harga saham.
ASSESSMENT OF CAROTID INTIMAL MEDIAL THICKNESS (CIMT) IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Bhana Indu , Chourasiya Mahendra , Rathore Abhishek , Ojha Piyush
Published: November 2021

Background: Incidence of ischemic stroke in younger patients in increasing leading to higher morbidity and mortality. Data on carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) as atherosclerotic marker in young ischemic stroke patients are scarce.

Aims and Objective: To evaluate bilateral CIMT thickness and its correlation with various CVD risk factors in young ischemic stroke patients.

Methods:  Total 40 patients (15 to 45 age group) and age matched 40 controls were taken. Demographic profile and risk factors were evaluated. All subjects were taken for CIMT assessment by B mode ultrasonography scan in multiangle measurements in the common carotid artery (CCA), carotid bifurcation (BIF) and internal carotid artery (ICA).

Results: 72.5% of patients were in 35- 45 years age group. Stroke incidence was higher in male. Age specific value of CIMT was higher in all cases as compared to age matched controls in all age group. (p? 0.01) Increasing age, smoking and hypertension were significantly associated with higher bilateral CIMT.

Conclusion:  Ischemic stroke young population is associated with increased CIMT. Risk factors burden is contributory in speeding up atherosclerotic process leading to higher CIMT with multiple co morbidities.

Keywords: carotid intimal medial thickness, carotid bifurcation, ischemic stroke
A case series of mucormycosis and aspergillus coinfection in post-covid-19 patient with uncontrolled diabetic
Authors: Anita Anita , Kumar Shailesh , Kumari Namrata , Rajpal Kamlesh , Kumar Santosh , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: November 2021

Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive infection caused by fungi Mucorales which mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients. Aspergillosis is also an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Aspergillus species. Coinfection with mucormycosis and aspergillosis is very rare and very few cases were published in the literature till now. There is an increase in the incidence of mucormycosis infection in post-COVID-19 patients. Here, we are going to report a case series of three cases of combined infection of mucormycosis with Aspergillus. All three patients were treated with extensive surgical debridement and intravenous liposomal amphotericin B. Even after aggressive treatment, the mortality rate is high in these types of patients.
The chemotherapy effect on embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in a 2-year-old girl in a development country: A rare case
Authors: Megasiwi Megasiwi , Soewoto Widyanti , Putra Galih Santoso
Published: November 2021

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the third most common solid organ malignancy in children after Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma. It is a highly malignant tumor with local tissue invasion and lymphatic and hematogenous metastases. The main treatment for RMS is complete resection with a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Here, we present the case of a 2-year-old girl who came to the hospital with a complaint of noisy breathing (Stridor) for the past 2 weeks. Intraoral examination showed an oval mass at the base of the tongue that almost closed the airway, felt soft, and had a bump. A computed tomography scan of the neck was performed, and a solid lesion with clear irregular borders was found in the posterior lingua. Incisional biopsy was performed with histopathological results of embryonal RMS. Two weeks after the biopsy, chemotherapy was performed, and the evaluation after two chemotherapy sessions, the mass size was found to have decreased.
Aggressive primary urethral malignancy masquerading as stricture urethra: Unusual presentation of a rare malignancy
Authors: Parnandi Sridhar , Varma Ravindra G , Saple Amit
Published: November 2021

Bladder outlet obstruction in an elderly male patient is most of the time diagnosed as prostatomegaly or stricture urethra unless there is a high index of suspicion for other differential diagnoses. Rare tumors like urethral malignancy may be misdiagnosed due to their varied and delayed mode of presentation. Here, we present a case of a patient who presented with acute urinary retention and was suspected to be a stricture urethra which ultimately turned out to be an aggressive urethral tumor. Investigations such as retrograde urethrogram, ultrasound, or cystoscopy which are the most common diagnostic modalities in a patient with lower urinary tract symptoms may not diagnose urethral tumors. Delayed diagnosis is common in these tumors resulting in a lesser chance for curative treatment. A high index of suspicion with a lesser threshold for investigations like MRI is pivotal for early diagnosis in these patients.
Soil fertility classification for sugarcane in supply areas of a sugar mill
Authors: Salgado García Sergio , Salgado Velázquez Sergio , Palma López David Jésus , Zavala Cruz Joel , Cordova Sánchez Samuel , Rincón Ramírez Joaquin Alberto , Ortiz García Carlos Fredy , Hernández Nataren Edith
Published: November 2021

Objective. To prepare the fertility classification for the sugarcane-cultivated soils in the Pujiltic Sugarcane Mill (PSM) supply area in order to improve decision-making.
Design / methodology / approach. The soils were classified according to their fertility (FCC), using a system based on the quantifiable parameters of the upper soil layer and some characteristics of the subsoil directly linked to the growth of sugarcane.
Results. Six factors limited the agricultural potential of the PSM soils: alkalinity, water excess or deficit, clay content, erosion, nutritional deficiencies, and low CEC, which alone or in groups act in detriment of soil fertility.
Limitations / implications. Solving these problems requires a comprehensive analysis that considers crop type, planting season, and technology availability.
Findings / conclusions. The soil fertility classification system enabled the classification of 11 soil subunits of the PSM area.
Potential of the physical and chemical characteristics of prickly pear (Opuntia albicarpa Seheinvar var. Villanueva) seeds in agroindustrial processes
Authors: Álvarez-Castillo Mónica de Jesús , Rössel Kipping Erich Dietmar , Ortiz Laurel Hipólito , López-Martínez Laura Araceli , Amante-Orozco Alejandro
Published: November 2021

Objective: To verify the physical attributes and assess the chemical quality from prickly pear’s seeds (Opuntia albicarpa Seheinvar cv. Villanueva), including seeds´ size, internal friction, external friction, performance for size reduction, sieving and electric conductivity, soluble protein, total protein, phosphorous, carbohydrates, amount of oil and minerals.
Design/methodology/approach: To verify and compare the physical attributes and chemical parameters using proved and reliable techniques, to explore their impacts on its future potential, when seeds are intended to agro-industrial processes, considering; its size and quality of space storage and their effect when interacting with handling apparatus and the material they are manufactured with.
Results: Selected groups of 100 seeds from four consecutive prickly pears harvests had no differences. While for their chemical analysis, seeds were milled and their revised chemical compounds showed differences between harvest, therefore, drought, management and crop protection significantly affect those attributes. The factors were not included in this study.
Limitations on study/implications: Prickly pears are harvested for 4 months per year. This reduces the availability of raw material from other varieties and from other regions, to expand this study and to compare between diverse parameters.
Findings/conclusions: There were not significant differences in seed size (wide, large, thickness), external friction and electric conductivity; therefore, handling equipment does not need specifications. While, for the internal friction and all chemical compounds analyzed from seeds´ flour, significate differences were quantified. The latter means that, it is adequate to homogenize these parameters by using other compounds in the agrifood processes.
Plant quality index of caracolillo (Ormosia macrocalyx Ducke), in nursery stage with controlled release fertilizers
Authors: OBRADOR OLÁN JOSÉ JESÚS , Hernández- Sánchez Gerardo , Juárez-López José F. , Arreola-Enríquez Jesús , García-López Eustolia , Castillo-Arias Edith de los Á.
Published: November 2021

Objective: To evaluate, in a nursery, the effect of two controlled release fertilizers in three concentrations on the growth components and quality index in caracolillo seedlings.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A factorial arrangement (2 x 3) housed in a completely randomized design was used, with seven treatments and twelve repetitions. For three months, the growth of caracolillo plants maintained in 310 cm3 polyethylene tubes, with a substrate of peat moss, vermiculite, agrolite and soil (2:1:1:1), plus controlled release fertilizer (CRF) Basacote® 9M (16-8-12) and Multicote® 12M (18-6-12), in three doses each: 10 (low), 20 (medium) and 30 kg m-3 (high), in addition to a control without conventional fertilization (CF) 17N-17P-17K in doses of 10 kg m-3. The variables height, diameter, leaf number, robustness index (RI), aerial/root dry biomass ratio (ADB/RDB R) and Dickson’s quality index (DQI) were measured. The means were compared by Tukey’s test at a 5% confidence level. 
Results: Basacote® and Multicote® fertilizers in low doses allowed an adequate growth and development in caracolillo plants, which was reflected in the variables height, diameter and number of leaves. The RI and DQI indices presented values within the normal ranges, while those of ADB/RDB R were rather low, but in the three cases there were no statistical differences.
Study Limitations/Implications: Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to continue monitoring the studied plants in the field, which would allow adjustments in the initial fertilization doses.
Findings/Conclusions: The low doses (10 kg m-3) of the controlled release fertilizers Basacote® and Multicote® showed the best results in the growth and development of caracolillo in the nursery stage, but the RI, ADB/RDB R and DQI indices did not present statistical differences.
Economic profitability analysis of husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem.) under different silicon dioxide concentrations
Authors: Alafita-Vásquez Guillermo , Hernández-Barrios Monserrat , Teoba-Domínguez Saul , Zulueta-Rodríguez Ramón , Hernández-Montiel Luis Guillermo , Alemán-Chávez Isabel , Lara-Capistrán Liliana
Published: November 2021

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different doses of foliar and soil silicon dioxide fertilization on the economic profitability of husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem.) cv. 'Querétaro' cultivation under plastic paddings and macro-tunnel conditions.
Design/methodology/approach: Ten treatments were evaluated at different concentrations of silicon dioxide fertilization on soil and foliar application: T1: Control treatment (T), T2: Fertilization with silicon dioxide 20, 40, 60 g on soil and 100, 150, and 200 ppm foliar (S20/100F), T3: S20/150F, T4: S20/200F, T5: S40/100F, T6: S40/150F, T7: S40/200F, T8: S60/100F, T9: S60/150F and T10: S60/200, distributed in random blocks. Economic profitability indicators such as Benefit/Cost ratio (B/C), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were determined.
Results: The research established that the S60/150F treatment was the one with the highest economic profitability because it promoted the highest production per hectare, which was reflected in the NPV (MX$ 336,932.97 pesos), the IRR (77.3 %), and a B/C of MX$ 1.16 pesos. Also, treatments S40/200F and S60/100F (where SiO2 was applied) reported positive cash flow, unlike the T.
Limitations of the study/implications: With all research facilities closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, no evidence related to the contribution of foliar and soil silicon bioassay has been verified.
Findings/conclusions: Using SiO2 leads to a financial appreciable rebound of vital importance to be included in economic studies to facilitate the efficient management of the available capital to establish a crop whose field productivity is profitable for the producers.
Comparative study of different drying methods regard to the phenols and flavonoids content of dried Citrus aurantium L. leaves
Authors: Hernandez Galvez Geovanni , Castillo Téllez Margarita , Chan González Jorge de Jesús , Méndez Morales Francisca , Almenares López Damianys , Hernández Villegas Manuel Mateo , Villareal Ibarra Edelia Claudina
Published: November 2021

Objective: To determine the effects of different thermal drying technologies on the total phenol and flavonoid contents (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC) in sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) leaves.
Design/methodology/approach: Solar drying was carried out in outdoor sunny conditions using two direct solar dryers; one with natural convection, the other with forced convection. The total phenol and flavonoid contents in gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and quercetin (Q), respectively, of ethanolic extracts of C. aurantium were assessed with spectrophotometric techniques.
Results: The results demonstrated maximum phenol values for the direct natural convection solar dryer (161.4 mg EAG/g MS) and minimum values for shade drying (61.43 mg EAG/g MS). As for flavonoids, the highest values were obtained in the direct forced convection solar dryer (32.22 ± 1.6 mg EQ/g MS), while the lowest was registered in the open air sun (11.72 mg EQ/g MS).
Conclusions: Direct solar dryers are technologies effective for maintaining the phenols and total flavonoids content in dried leaves of C. aurantium.
Environmental services in home gardens of la Chontalpa, Tabasco, Mexico
Authors: Chablé-Pacual, Rosalva , Palma-Cancino David J. , Vázquez-Navarrete Cesar J. , Ruiz-Rosado Octavio , Ascensio-Rivera Jesús , PALMA LÓPEZ DAVID JESÚS
Published: November 2021

Objective: To identify the environmental services provided by home gardens in nine communities of La Chontalpa region in Tabasco, Mexico.
Design/methodology/approach: Having previously identified home gardens, a visit route to nine communities was drawn using cartographic and demographic information. Three home gardens per community were randomly selected. Interviews about the use of home gardens were conducted. Physical environmental factors were measured inside and outside the gardens and soil samples were taken to determine organic matter and carbon contents in the soil. According to their category, the environmental services provided by the home gardens in each community were identified and classified into four types: provisioning, supporting, cultural, and regulating services.
Results: Thirteen environmental services were identified as being provided by home gardens. Provisioning and cultural services are present in all localities. The most frequent category is the provision of food, followed by the provision of raw materials and education. Supporting and regulating services were observed in most communities —except for climate regulation, since the environmental conditions only allow gardens to provide the said service in four of the evaluated communities.
Limitations on study/implications: Knowledge about the benefits of building home gardens suggests that these agrosystems provide environmental services. Categorizing the environmental services provided by home gardens is therefore important.
Findings/conclusions: Home gardens in La Chontalpa, Tabasco, do not only provide provisioning services, but also cultural, supporting, and —to a lesser extent— regulating services.
Mengkreasikan Entrepreneurship Capital dan Relational Capital UMKM Kuliner di Sentra PKL Surabaya
Authors: jdep Agustian Firmansyah , jdep Gendut Sukarno
Published: November 2021

Entrepreneurial capital indicators are talent, courage to take risks, interests, experience, creating change. Indicators of relational capital are trust, taste, customer service, distribution channels. The indicators of entrepreneurial success are conquering challenges, free from all rules, realizing your own ideas, giving other people's work to provide personal satisfaction and benefit others, and the benefits of knowing a lot for career development. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of entrepreneurial capital & relational capital on entrepreneurial success. This research is a quantitative study with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. While the method of analysis of this research uses Partial Least Square with non-probability sampling through 100 respondents consisting of 52 men and 48 women in several PKL centers in Surabaya. The results of this study concluded: 1) entrepreneurial capital has an effect on entrepreneurial success; and 2) relational capital affects entrepreneurial success.
Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases among Retired Military Personnel
Authors: Khan Md Mazharul Islam , Haque Ariful , Md Shamimuzzaman - , Nancy Chyochyo , Zafreen Farzana
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become burning issues worldwide, especially among the elderly individuals. Bangladeshi elderly is also susceptible cohort to NCDs for its recent epidemiologic transition and the NCDs is casting as prominent risk for major mortality and morbidity related issues.
Objectives: To find out the prevalence of common NCDs and its risk factors among the Bangladeshi retired military personnel.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the retired military personnel admitted in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Savar from January 2019 to July 2019. A face-to-face interview was carried out among the respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: Among 153 retired military personnel; most common NCDs were hypertension (80.4%), diabetes mellitus 66.7%, ischemic heart disease37.3% and only 3.9 % had low back pain. Most of them accessed their health in CMH (66.7%), where 17.6% reported to Govt. hospital and only a minor portion (15.7%) to private hospital. Moreover, 70.6% of them were not willing to regular health check-up.
Conclusions: The most common NCDs were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. This study concluded with a few intervention strategies and community-based health promotion programs to reduce the burden of NCDs among the retired military personnel.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 35-39
Transcatheter Closure of a Large Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) in a Child Weighing Five Kilogram with Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Fatema Begum Nurun Nahar
Published: November 2021

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the commonest congenial heart lesion which may close spontaneously in significant number of cases. Muscular VSD has better chance of spontaneous closure. Some of the large muscular VSDs may cause severe complications like pulmonary hypertension and intractable heart failure. Closing VSD in young infant is challenging specially with devices as delivery systems are too large comparing to size of femoral vessels. Some centre prefers hybrid procedure of per ventricular device closure as surgical closure is high risk in young infants with complications. Here a case of large muscular VSD with severe pulmonary hypertension is reported in a ten month old girl which was closed successfully with a Konar- MFTM device and patient was discharged after 24 hours.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 84-86
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Brunei Darussalam: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Raja Sajid Adhi , Chong Vui Heng , Rahman Noor A. , Shakir Lilabi M P , Knights Joe
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the factors associated with retinopathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Brunei Darussalam.Methods: Cross-sectional study of all type 2 DM patients who attended diabetic eye screening over a 3-month period at one of four government hospitals. We assessed association between DR with the following variables: age, sex, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), duration of DM, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and microalbuminuria.Results: There were 341 patients (female, 58.9%; mean age, 55.3 ± 11.9 years) with a mean duration of DM of 9.4 ± 7.4 years and mean serum HbA1c of 8.4% ± 1.9%. The overall prevalence of any DR was 22.6% (95% confidence interval, 18.8–27.1) with prevalence rates of 4.1% (95% confidence interval, 2.1–6.4) for proliferative DR and 9.7% (95% confidence interval, 6.8–13.2) for vision-threatening DR. Multivariate analysis showed that DR was significantly associated with certain age groups (reduced in older age groups), longer duration of DM (11 years or more), poor control (HbA1c >9.0%) and presence of any microalbuminuria.Conclusions: DR affects one in five patients with DM in Brunei Darussalam, comparable to rates reported for other Asian populations. It is especially worrying that one in ten patients with DM had vision-threatening DR. DR was significantly associated with longer duration of DM, poor control and presence of microalbuminuria but reduced in older age groups. It is important to advocate good control right from the time of diagnosis of DM and institute timely and effective management of retinopathy. DR was significantly associated with longer duration of DM, poor control of diabetes, and presence of microalbuminuria but reduced in older age groups.
Vaccine Production
Authors: Porter Frederick
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Vaccines are biological products that elicit a protective immune response. The details of the manufacturing processes are varied depending on the particular characteristics of the vaccine.

There are classically, three basic types of vaccines against viral and bacterial pathogens (For mRNA-, DNA- and vector-vaccines see Chapters 7, 8, 9):

Live-attenuated.

Killed (non-live).

Subunit.

“Classical” Vaccine Production

The basic classical process includes 5 phases: expression, harvest, inactivation, purification, formulation.

The expression systems for viral and bacterial vaccines are distinct. Bacterial expression is performed in fermenters. Viral vaccines are produced in animal cell culture or embryonated chicken eggs.

Processes for whole viral or bacterial vaccines often involve only limited processing after expression.

Subunit vaccines routinely require the most purification to separate the product from other contaminants.

Challenges

Challenges for bacterial vaccines include testing to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.

Inactivation procedures need to be carefully controlled.

Live attenuated vaccines need to be tested to ensure the vaccine strains are still safe and effective.

Viral vaccines require testing to ensure foreign infectious agents are not introduced during processing.

Both cultured cells and egg present risks for infection.

Live viral vaccines and gene vectors need to be carefully engineered and tested to minimize safety concerns.

Highly variable vaccine targets such as influenza need to be re-adapted to current circulating strains.
O uso da ferramenta Tinkercad e da linguagem Scratch para o ensino dos fundamentos da programação em Internet das Coisas
Authors: Dias Cleber Gustavo , Evaristo Ingrid Santella , Roris Filho Agenor , Terçariol Adriana Aparecida de Lima
Published: November 2021

Nos últimos anos a Internet das Coisas (IoT) vem sendo empregada em diferentes campos do conhecimento, como a área industrial, a área da saúde, em logística, entre muitas outras. A enorme conectividade entre os dispositivos e as pessoas está gerando novas soluções para uma série de problemas do cotidiano. Sabe-se que muitos desses dispositivos são formados, além dos sistemas microcontrolados, por sensores e/ou atuadores capazes de efetuar a leitura de grandezas do meio externo ou ainda provocar mudanças controladas, a fim de gerar movimentos e ações desejadas neste mesmo meio. Neste sentido, o presente estudo avaliou a eficácia da ferramenta Tinkercad, combinada com a linguagem Scratch, com a finalidade de ensinar aos alunos dos cursos de bacharelado em Ciência da Computação, Sistemas de Informação e Tecnologias em Informática, os principais fundamentos de programação associados ao uso de sensores em aplicações comumente encontradas na área de Internet das Coisas. Ao final das aulas, um questionário elaborado com base na escala Likert foi usado para avaliar diferentes aspectos do entendimento dos alunos acerca do uso do Tinkercad e da linguagem Scratch nos exercícios desenvolvidos. Um total de 174 alunos respondeu ao questionário, sendo possível constatar que a referida ferramenta e a linguagem Scratch oferecem de fato um ambiente computacional bastante favorável não apenas ao estudo da lógica computacional, mas também para uma melhor compreensão do funcionamento de alguns tipos de sensores aplicados em automação e especialmente no campo da Internet das Coisas.