bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SODELOVANJE SLOVENSKE VOJSKE IN POLICIJE PRI NALOGAH NOTRANJE STABILNOSTI IN VARNOSTI REPUBLIKE SLOVENIJE
Authors: POTOČNIK GREGOR
Published: October 2020

Povzetek

Grožnje nacionalni varnosti se preoblikujejo zelo hitro. Prebivalci države pričakujejo, da se bo nacionalnovarnostni sistem učinkovito in uspešno odzval na te grožnje. Izvedbeno se lahko nacionalnovarnostni sistem države odzove samo tako, da v sistem zagotavljanja nacionalne varnosti vključi vse svoje vire v upanju sinergičnih učinkov. Uporaba oboroženih sil za zagotavljanje notranje varnosti je bila izredna naloga oboroženih sil. Obramba oziroma obrambna sposobnost vojske, ki se izvaja v notranjosti države za notranjo stabilnost in varnost države ob zakonskih in primarno konceptualno določenih nalogah vojske in policije, predstavlja zakonodajni in operacionalizacijski izziv države.

Ključne besede
Slovenska vojska, Policija, izredna pooblastila vojske, operacionalizacija.

Abstract

Nowadays, threats to national security are transforming extremely rapidly. The people of a country expect the national security system to respond effectively and successfully to these threats. Implementation-wise, a country's national security system can only respond by including all its resources in the national security system hoping to achieve synergistic effects. The use of the armed forces to ensure internal security was an extraordinary task of the armed forces. The defence and the defence capacity of the military, which are in addition to the legal and primarily conceptually determined tasks of the military and the police aimed at ensuring internal stability and national security in the interior of the country, represent a legislative and operational challenge of the state.

Key words
Slovenian Armed Forces, Police, extraordinary powers of the army, operationalization.
VKLJUČEVANJE ŽENSK V SPECIALNE SILE
Authors: POKLUKAR KARMEN
Published: October 2020

Povzetek

V prispevku ugotavljamo, da kljub prepoznavanju prednosti žensk pri izvajanju posebnih nalog specialnih sil še vedno ostaja precej vprašanj glede oblikovanja mešanih sestavov. Največje vprašanje predstavlja ohranjanje strogih fizičnih izbirnih meril za oba spola, ki po eni strani pomembno prispevajo k vzdrževanju kohezivnosti enote in njene elitnosti v oboroženih silah ter družbi, po drugi strani pa zmanjšujejo njeno dostopnost fizično šibkejšemu spolu. Premiki k vključevanju žensk v specialne sile so se v nekaterih državah že zgodili, v nobeni izmed teh držav pa s temi pristopi ne želijo oslabiti poslanstva in statusa specialnih sil. Prav to smo na podlagi izvedenih intervjujev ugotovili tudi na primeru Enote za specialno delovanje Slovenske vojske.

Ključne besede
specialne sile, ženske v specialnih silah, izbirni postopek.

Abstract

The article notes that although the advantage of gender integration in the conduct of special assignments has been identified, there remains a considerable dilemma with regard to the formation of mixed-gender structures. The primary concern is to maintain strict physical selection criteria for both genders. These, on the one hand, make an important contribution to maintaining the cohesiveness of the unit and enabling members of the Special Forces to preserve their status of elite forces within the armed forces and the society, and, on the other hand, reduce their accessibility for a physically weaker gender. Some states have already accomplished partial shifts in the integration of women into Special Forces. Yet, through such measures, none of these states intend, by no means, to weaken the mission and status of Special Forces. Based on the conducted interviews, the above-stated findings were established in the case of the Special Operations Forces of the Slovenian Armed Forces.

Key words
Special Forces, women in Special Forces, selection process.
MINSKA NEVARNOST NA KOSOVU V OBDOBJU OD 1999 DO 2001
Authors: BIZJAK MATJAŽ
Published: October 2020

Povzetek
Mine sta na Kosovu polagali tako jugoslovanska stran kot tudi kosovsko-albanske oborožene formacije. Program humanitarnega razminiranja se je začel izvajati takoj po koncu vojaških aktivnosti in je bil končan decembra 2001. Podatki o postavljenih minah so se zbirali že od začetka sovražnosti. Začetne ocene minske nevarnosti so bile pretirane. Na jugoslovanski strani so mine polagali vojska, enote ministrstva za notranje zadeve in paravojaki. Jugoslovanska vojska je polagala mine skladno s taktiko JLA. Nasprotna kosovsko-albanska stran je polagala predvsem manjše skupine min. Glede na vojaško-tehnični sporazum je jugoslovanska vojska enotam Kforja predala 624 zapisnikov minskih polj. Na Kosovu so mine polagali še po koncu spopadov.

Ključne besede
protitankovske mine, protipehotne mine, humanitarno razminiranje, Kosovo.

Abstract
In Kosovo, landmines were laid by both parties involved. The humanitarian demining program started immediately after the end of the military activities and was successfully completed in December 2001. Data on the landmines were collected from the beginning of the hostilities. According to various information, the initial mine risk assessments were exaggerated. On the Yugoslav side, landmines were used by the military, units of the Ministry of the Interior and paramilitary units. The Yugoslav Army was laying mines in line with the tactics of the Yugoslav People’s Army. The opposing Kosovo-Albanian side, however, was mainly laying small groups of landmines. According to the military technical agreement, the Yugoslav Army handed over 624 minefield records to KFOR units. In Kosovo, landmines were also being laid after the end of the conflict.

Key words
Anti-tank landmines, anti-personnel landmines, humanitarian demining, Kosovo.
NACIONALNA (VARNOSTNA) STRATEGIJA: TEORIJA IN PRAKSA
Authors: FURLAN BRANIMIR
Published: October 2020

Nacionalna (varnostna) strategija je pripomoček pri preučevanju teorije in prakse strategije s poudarkom na strategiji nacionalne varnosti. Bralcu omogoča seznanitev z nekaterimi teoretičnimi podlagami in primeri iz prakse, ki naj bi pomagali bolje razumeti namen in vlogo strategije nacionalne varnosti, proces njenega oblikovanja in kako se pri tem spoprijemati z izzivi. Seznanja ga z nekaterimi najpomembnejšimi strateškimi dejavniki, ki vplivajo na strategijo, ter načini in sredstvi, ki so na voljo za uresničevanje strateških ciljev v podporo nacionalnim interesom.
Evaluación educacional a las tecnologías de información y comunicación con modelos estadísticos
Authors: Villacrés Cáceres Oswaldo , Fiallos Quinteros Juan Carlos , Mullo Guaminga Héctor , Diaz Andrade Stefany
Published: October 2020

El artículo pretende exponer la evaluación de impacto realizada para determinar el nivel de incidencia de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación, y los resultados alcanzados en el rendimiento académico con el estudio piloto “Sistema de Tutoría Cognitiva para educación secundaria en Ecuador”, proyecto implementado por la Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral. Para su desarrollo, se especifica el modelo estadístico y los resultados alcanzados a lo largo de un estudio de diseño cuasiexperimental. Los resultados permiten establecer su efecto sobre el rendimiento académico en la asignatura de matemática en estudiantes de octavo de educación básica de Unidades Educativas ubicadas en zonas urbano-marginales de la ciudad de Guayaquil que colaboraron en el estudio piloto. En conclusión, estudio piloto Sistema de Tutor Cognitivo tiene un impacto de 0,54 puntos en la nota promedio de la asignatura de matemática, logrando disminuir al menos en la muestra estudiada la brecha de conocimiento en los estudiantes del grupo de tratamiento.
El liderazgo en la producción automotriz mundial: Una historia de cambio en los 130 años de existencia de la industria.
Authors: Alarcón Parra Giovanny Javier , Centeno Parra Xavier , Villacrés Cáceres Oswaldo , Garrido Patrel Andrea Margarita
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como propósito contribuir al conocimiento de la historia y evolución de la industria automotriz mundial, los diferentes actores y sucesos que permitieron posicionar en el liderazgo del sector a distintos países y sus marcas. Desde Karl Benz comercializando las primeras unidades a finales del siglo XIX, pasando por la puesta en marcha de la producción en serie de Ford, que elevó exponencialmente la producción de los vehículos estadounidenses en favor del país norteamericano empezando el siglo XX e iniciando junto a otros productores una etapa de más de medio siglo de predominio en la producción y exportaciones a nivel global; a la industria automotriz asiática de la post segunda guerra mundial que tuvo en Japón su principal exponente y con la capacidad de competir y disputar el primer lugar de la producción y ventas para lograrlo en el 2008; y finalizando con la irrupción de la industria automotriz china que aplicando distintas estrategias le ubicaron como la primera potencia en producción y comercialización hacia la segunda década del siglo XXI. Hacia el final se analiza como de manera análoga el mercado automotriz ecuatoriano manifiesta el mismo comportamiento de la industria a nivel mundial replicando las tendencias. Con un vasto análisis de fuentes especializadas, publicaciones y considerando una amplia documentación bibliográfica; este documento aporta al conocimiento y comprensión de la evolución de uno de los sectores económicos más importantes, dinámicos e influyentes de la actualidad, y como las distintas crisis y guerras ocurridas en el siglo anterior modificaron las tendencias de producción y venta de vehículos.
Aporte metodológico de la educación física, fortaleciendo la lectoescritura en los estudiantes de segundo EGB.
Authors: Guerrero Ávila Zoila Eugenia , Guevara Flores Luisa Valeria , Barrios Palacios Yury Douglas
Published: October 2020

Cuando un ciudadano ecuatoriano puede recordar a sus profesores de la escuela, por nombre, es porque ellos hicieron un gran aporte a su formación, como estudiante, alfabetizándolo. Es importante la enseñanza de la Lectoescritura en el segundo año e Educación Básica y que en esa etapa sea bien aprendida ya que de ahí se parte para los futuros aprendizajes de Lengua y Literatura que se desarrollaran durante toda la vida estudiantil, pero en esta ocasión se pretende motivar a los estudiantes a realizar un eficiente aprendizaje de manera recreativa fortalecida desde las clases de Educación física realizando un trabajo en conjunto con la docente del aula con el único fin que es permitirle al estudiante un aprendizaje integrador y motivador.
Restar importancia a la ética en la Formación del Contador Público: Una mala decisión en las universidades ecuatorianas
Authors: Paredes Cabezas Maribel del Rocío , Guachamboza Moposita Rocío Marisol , Velasteguí López Luis Efraín
Published: October 2020

La ética constituye un elemento esencial en el ser humano en cualquier ámbito que este desenvuelva, ya sea a nivel personal o profesional, a nivel individual o colectivo. La ética centra su atención en la comprensión y aplicación racional de principios y valores que guían la actuación responsable del ser humano. Mantener una conducta ética genera excelencia y credibilidad en el profesional, por lo que el presente trabajo intenta hacer un análisis crítico de algunas contradicciones y responsabilidades sociales que deben ser asumidas por todos los actores sociales. El papel de las universidades en la formación de nuevos profesionales juega un papel trascendental. Este artículo centró su atención en la malla curricular ofertada por las universidades ecuatorianas para la formación del Contador Público. La ética en este campo al igual que en todas las actividades del quehacer humano se convierte en el pilar fundamental y base para un desarrollo basado en la confianza. Este estudio concentró el análisis en 15 universidades que pertenecientes a la RUEE y cuenta con un código de ética institucional, pero tan solo 6 de ellas incluyen en su malla curricular la ética como parte de la malla curricular en la formación de los nuevos contadores. La ética no debe ser considerada tan solo como un indicador, sino que debe procurar excelencia y credibilidad en el profesional, pues su misión será velar por los intereses colectivos.
Proyecto para la mejora de la competitividad comercial del hotel allegro palma real
Authors: Jiménez Valero Bisleivys , Piñeyro Alemán Elianay , Hernández Lorenzo Roxana B. , Pérez Socorro María Laura
Published: October 2020

La investigación se realiza en el hotel Allegro Palma Real, tiene como objetivo general: elaborar un proyecto de mejora de la competitividad comercial de dicha instalación. Se emplearon métodos teóricos y empíricos entre los que se destacan: el histórico- lógico y analítico- sintético, la revisión de fuentes documentales (nivel teórico) y el trabajo de campo, observación directa, tormenta de ideas y la entrevista semiestructurada (nivel empírico). La aplicación de la Dirección Integrada de Proyectos a la solución de problemas de comercialización, a través de viables herramientas, dentro de las que se destacan: análisis de la situación, de los problemas, de los objetivos y estudio de prefactibilidad, permite como resultado elaborar un plan de mejoras para la situación competitiva del hotel.
VIBO: Poesía reunida de Cabel (1972 – 2018)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Juliaca, Puno, Perú, Cabel-Moscoso Jesús
Published: October 2020

En esta obra se reunen diversos trabajos del poeta peruano Jesús Cabel, entre otros, su celebrado libro “Cruzando el infierno”, por el que obtuvo el Premio Nacional “Poeta joven del Perú” en 1975; o su profundo poemario “Cuarto austral”, escrito y publicado en Tacna el año 2012. También libros que parcialmente aparecieron en revistas y que ahora ven su publicación completa y definitiva, como es el caso de “Espejismos”, su último libro, escrito en 2018 y publicado ahora por vez primera.
Solución numérica de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias y parciales. Aplicaciones usando Excel y MATLAB
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Tacna, Perú, Pino Vargas Edwin Martín
Published: October 2020

Este libro expone la teoría, a veces, con justificaciones teórica. Se presetan varios ejemplos resueltos aplicados a ciencias e ingenieria, exponiendo los algoritmos y la implementación de estos.
Mussolini’nin “Dört Güç Paktı” Projesi Ve Türkiye’nin Siyasal Eylemciliği
Authors: Mengeş Yeter
Published: October 2020

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra kurulmuş olan “Versay Sistemi”
mevcut sorunları ortadan kaldıramadığı gibi yeni sorunların ortaya
çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Dünya ekonomik krizinin etkilerinin
Avrupa’yı kasıp kavurduğu, silahsızlanma konferanslarının başarısız
olduğu, Japonya’nın Mançurya’yı işgali ile Milletler Cemiyeti’nin
etkisizliğinin iyice anlaşıldığı bir ortamda; revizyonist İtalya’da Faşist
Başbakan Benito Mussolini tarafından “Dört Güç Paktı” projesi ortaya
atılmıştır. Mussolini’nin projesinin amacı; aralarında yaşamsal sorunlar
bulunan İtalya, İngiltere, Fransa ve Almanya’yı bir araya getirerek
Avrupa’da ülkeler arasında hiyerarşik bir düzen, bir çeşit “direktör
yönetimi” oluşturmak, Milletler Cemiyeti’ni işlevsizleştirmek, Avrupa
ve Dünya meselelerinde böylece söz sahibi olmak ve Sovyetler Birliği’ni
Avrupa dışında tutarak komünizmin yayılmasına engel olmaktır.
Mussolini’nin bu projesi, Birinci Dünya Savaşı ve Kurtuluş Savaşı esnasında benzer bir durumla karşılaşan ve Lozan Barış Antlaşması
ile modern sınırlarını elde eden Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde büyük bir
endişe meydana getirmiştir.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, bu projenin ortaya çıkmasından itibaren
engellenmesi yönünde direktifini vermiştir. Dışişleri Bakanı Tevfik
Rüştü Bey’in Sovyetler Birliği ve Romanya Dışişleri Bakanları ile
yaptığı çalışmalar neticesinde başlatılan bir inisiyatif ile Sovyetler Birliği Dışişleri Bakanı Maksim Litvinov’un “Mütecavizin Tarifi”
kriterleri çerçevesinde, Londra’da, Türkiye’nin dahil olduğu iki ayrı
antlaşma imzalanmıştır. Baltık Denizi’nden Basra Körfezi’ne kadar
olan coğrafyada yer alan ülkeleri bir araya getiren bu antlaşmalar,
“Dört Güç Paktı”nın uygulamaya geçirilmesi tehlikesi karşısında,
Dünya barışı adına en önemli engeli oluşturmuştur.
Bu çalışmada; Mussolini’nin “Dört Güç Paktı” projesinin ortaya
çıkışı ile bu projenin uygulama safhasına geçirilmemesi için Türkiye
tarafından ortaya konan dış politika ve bu süreçte izlenen diplomatik
faaliyetler ele alınıp değerlendirilecektir.
Dinar’ın Sosyal Ve Kültürel Hayatında Halkevi
Authors: Erşan Mesut
Published: October 2020

19 Şubat 1932 tarihinde açılan Halkevleri 1951 yılına kadar
Türkiye’nin sosyal ve kültürel hayatında çok önemli roller üstlenmiş
bir kültür kurumudur. Sistematik bir şekilde oluşturulan çalışma kolları
vasıtasıyla hem inkılabı geniş halk kitlelerine benimsetmek ve halkla bütünleşmek hem de kültürel olarak gelişmiş yeni toplum yaratmak
amacıyla çok önemli çalışmalar gerçekleştiren Halkevleri kısa sürede
yayılmış, birçok il ve ilçede faaliyete başlamıştır. Bu ilçelerden birisi de
Dinar’dır. 1935 yılında açılan ve beş şubesi ile faaliyete başlayan Dinar
Halkevi, yeni Cumhuriyetin değerlerini halka benimsetme ve modern
bir toplum oluşturma amacıyla tiyatro gösterileri, köy gezileri, sağlık
araştırmaları, hasta olan halka ve öğrencilere yardım, gençliğin zararlı alışkanlıklardan korunması ve çeşitli spor faaliyetleri gibi bir çok
çalışma gerçekleştirmiş, Dinar’ın sosyo-kültürel hayatında 1935-1951
yılları arasında çok önemli bir rol üstlenmiştir.
Cockroach as a Vector of Blastocystis sp. is Risk for Golden Monkeys in Zoo
Authors: Ma Lei , Zhang Yongbin , Qiao Haixia , Li Shuai , Wang Heqin , Zhang Ningning , Zhang Xiao
Published: October 2020

Blastocystis sp. is a kind of protozoa living in the intestinal tract of human and animals, which will cause intestinal diseases such as diarrhea, abdominal distension and vomiting. This paper was aimed to understand the infection of Blastocystis sp. In golden monkeys and the transmission path in North China. Thirty-seven feces samples from golden monkeys and 116 cockroach samples from Shijiazhuang Zoo were collected from July to October 2019 for PCR analysis of Blastocystis sp. Genetic diversity analysis was further conducted on the samples with positive PCR results. The results showed that the infection rate was 48.7% (18/37) in golden monkeys and 82.8% (96/116) in cockroaches, respectively. The genetic evolution analysis based on small subunit ribosomal RNA demonstrated that three subtypes (ST) of Blastocystis sp. including ST1, ST2, and ST3 existed in the intestinal tract of golden monkeys, while only ST2 was detected in the intestinal tract of cockroaches. This paper may provide supports for the quarantine and control of Blastocystis sp. for the zoo in Northern China.
BENTUK INSIDER TRADING SERTA IMPLEMENTASI MISAPPROPRIATION THEORY BAGI PELAKU INSIDER TRADING DI BURSA EFEK BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1995 TENTANG PASAR MODAL
Authors: Munasto Daud , Taun Taun
Published: October 2020

Bursa efek merupakan pihak yang menyelenggarakan dan menyediakan sistem dan atau sarana untuk mempertemukan penawaran dan permintaan efek pihak-pihak lain dengan tujuan memperdaagangkan efek diantara mereka. Efek yang diperjualbelikan dapat berupa saham, obligasi, reksadana atau produk derivatif lainnya. Untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat, perusahaan, dan pihak terkait lainnya pemerintah membuat Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1995 tentang Pasar Modal. Didalam pelaksanaan masih terdapat beberapa orang atau pihak mencoba mendapatkan keuntungan yang lebih besar dengan menggunakan akses yang mereka miliki melalui misappropriation theory sehingga membuat investor tidak nyaman dalam menjalankan transaksi jual beli efek.
PROSES DAN PERAN KOMUNIKASI DALAM MENGATASI CULTURE SHOCK (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO)
Authors: Wulandari Dwi Rohma
Published: October 2020

AbstrakDalam  penelitian  ini  akan  menjelaskan  bentuk  gegar  budaya  dan peran  serta proses komunikasi  yang  dilakukan  dalam  mengatasi gegar  budaya  yang  ada. Objek kajian yang dilakukan  adalah fenomena  gegar budaya yang terjadi pada mahasiswa asing di Universitas Tadulako. Teori akomodasi dimanfaatkan sebagai ladasan berpikir  dalam  penelitian  ini. Metode studi  kasus  dalam  menganalisis hasil  penelitian.  Hasil  dari  penelitian  ini  memperlihatkan bahwa empat  fase dalam  gegar  budaya   memperlihatkan   perbedaan   yang terlihat  dimana ada euphoria dan antusias dalam menyambut kehidupan baru dengan budaya baru. Penggunaan aksen  dan  pengucapan  dengan intonasi  yang  berbeda  menjadi kendala kultur yang tetap ada Ketika memasuki lingkungan baru. Proses adabtasi tidak  memerlukan  waktu lama  Ketika mahasiswa  asing  Universitas  Tadulako berada   pada  recovery   phase   sudah   mampu   menerima  perbedaan   dengan interaksi yang rutin dan proses komunikasi dilakukan secara efektif. Untuk memahami nilai budaya, keterampilan masing-masing individu menjadi penting, karena dengan keterampilan berkomunikasi akan menjadikan proses adabtasi, memahami budaya, dan akan mengurangi atau meminimalisir terjadinya culture shock. Proses sosialisasi dengan pola nilai budaya dapat digunakan untuk menghindari adanya gegar budaya.Kata  Kunci:   Fenomena   budaya,   Gegar  budaya,   Interaksi,   Komunikasi,   Nilai budayaAbstractThis research explain the form of culture shock and the role and process of communication in overcoming the existing cultural shock. The object of the study is the phenomenon of culture shock that occurs in foreign students at Tadulako University.  Accommodation  theory is used as a basis for thinking  in this study. Case study method in analyzing existing research results. The results of this study indicate that the four phases in a culture shock show a visible difference where there are euphoria and enthusiasm in welcoming a new life with a new culture. The  use  of  accents  and  pronunciations  with  different  intonations  becomes  a cultural obstacle that remains when entering a new environment. The adaptation process does not take long. When foreign students of Tadulako University are in the recovery phase, they are able to accept differences with routine interactions, and the communication process is carried out effectively. To understand cultural values, the skills of each individual are important, because communication skills will make the process of adaptation, understanding culture, and will minimize the occurrence  of  culture  shock.  The  socialization  process  with  a  cultural  value pattern can be used to avoid cultural shocks.Keywords: Communication, Cultural shock, Cultural values, Cultural phenomena, Interaction
The Strata/Machinic Assemblage and Architecture
Authors: Abrahams Gareth
Published: October 2020

Much of the literature exploring the intersection between Deleuzo-Guattarian philosophy and architecture have focused on abstract theory, experimental projects and practices at the margins of the profession. But, one may ask, what of the mainstream, commercial practices that produce the offices, housing, shops, schools and community buildings that we see and engage with in our day-to-day lives? What of the everyday design decisions made by professional architects and technicians sitting at their desks and drawing boards? Are these to be excluded from architecture's engagement with Deleuzo-Guattarian philosophy? As I will show in this paper, Deleuze and Guattari's proposals for the strata and the machinic assemblage are drawn from their underlying attempt to expand Hjelmslev's planar composition from a tool used to analyse language to a conceptual framework used to analyse the formation and evolution of all things. There is nothing within the conceptual framework of the strata/machinic assemblage to suggest, therefore, that they should not be used to analyse such practices. With this in mind, this article considers how these concepts can be translated through and help provide new insight into a real-world design sequence taken from mainstream, commercial architectural practice. In doing so it will show how such practices can offer Deleuzo-Guattarian scholars a more nuanced insight into this conceptual framework and the concepts that form it.
Diagnostic features of the measuring the lung diffusion capacity
Authors: Nekludova G. V. , Chernyak A. V.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the diagnostic and pathophysiological aspects of the study of the lungs diffusion capacity.
The influence of wrist tapping based on the author’s methodology on the dynamics of intrahemispheric integration and ‘internal’ rhythm in healthy adults
Authors: Narodova E. A. , Shnayder N. A. , Narodova V. V. , Erakhtin E. E. , Karnaukhov V. E. , Dmitrenko D. V.
Published: October 2020

The goal The goal is to study the lateralization of changes in intrahemispheric coherence in accordance with the basic rhythms of electroen- cephalography in healthy young people under the influence of tapping on the wrist in accordance with the author’s technique.

Materials and methods: The conduct of this study was approved by the ethics com- mittee of KrasGMU. prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky (protocol No. 77/2017 of 06/26/2017). The study of the infl  of wrist tapping according to the author’s technique on the coefficient of intrahemispheric coherence of the cerebral cortex in healthy volunteers (n2=63). Wrist tapping was carried out using the original technique (RF patent No. 2606489 of 01/10/2017). The analysis of intrahemispheric coherence in the pairs F3–T5, T5–O1, F3–O1, F4–T6, T6–O2, F4–O2 was carried out using a com- puter encephalographic complex (Neurocartograph, MBN Moscow).

Results and discussions: According to the studies, it was shown that under the influence of tapping the hand according to the author’s technique, the state of sensory deprivation (closed eyes), statistically signifi changes in hemisphere coherence in theta and beta rhythms were not found, p>0.05, however, we showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) de- crease in hemisphere alpha-rhythm coherence in the right hemisphere in pairs F4–T4 (p=0.0000793) and F4–O2 (p=0.01711824), while the median coherence coeffi  before and after tapping changed from 0.27 to 0.315 and from 0.13 to 0.175, respectively. At that time, we did not find statistically significant changes in the coherence of the hemisphere in similar pairs of the left hemisphere p>0.05. As a result of this study, when the wrist tapping was opened with the eyes of the subjects open, statistically significant changes in the coherence of the hemispheric alpha rhythm were detected only in the F3–O1 pair of the left hemisphere (p = 0.0000147), but not in the right hemisphere. At the same time, when the eyes of the volunteers were closed, there were no statistically significant changes in the coherence of the hemisphere in the theta and beta rhythms in both the left and right hemispheres.

Conclusion. Thus, the use of tapping the wrist according to the author’s technique with the left hand in right-handed people in a state of sensory deprivation is promising for practical use in neurological practice, in particular in the management of patients with epilepsy and panic attacks, since a patient previously trained by the attending physician — neurorehabilitation, can use this the author’s program on his smartphone, in the case of an epileptic aura of focal epileptic seizures or precursors of panic attacks. However, the clinical application of the author’s technique needs detailed research.
Wavelets for the space-time structure analysis of physical fields
Authors: Frick P G , Sokoloff D D , Stepanov R A
Published: October 2020

Spectral analysis, based on the Fourier method, is a general tool in physics. Wavelets appeared as a natural generalization of classical spectral analysis to the case of complex nonstationary and spatially inhomogeneous systems, for which a comparison with an infinite sinusoid, which forms the basis of the Fourier method, has to be replaced by a comparison with a finite wave packet, which is known as a wavelet. In this review, the authors, based largely on their own experience of application wavelet analysis in astro- and geophysics, solar-terrestrial relations, as well as climatology, medical physics, and laboratory hydrodynamic experiments, demonstrate the possibilities and discuss the practical aspects of the application of the wavelet apparatus to the interpretation of signals and images of various physical natures.
Theory of optically detected spin noise in nanosystems
Authors: Smirnov D S , Mantsevich V N , Glazov M M
Published: October 2020

The theory of spin noise in low-dimensional systems and bulk semiconductors is reviewed. Spin noise is usually detected by optical means continuously measuring the rotation angle of the polarization direction of a probe beam passing through a sample. Spin noise spectra yield rich information about the spin properties of the system, for example, g-factors of the charge carriers, spin relaxation times, parameters of the hyperfine interaction, spin-orbit coupling constants, frequencies and widths of the optical resonances. The review describes basic models of spin noise, methods to theoretically describe it, and their relation to experimental results. We also discuss the relation between spin noise spectroscopy and strong and weak quantum measurements, as well as spin flip Raman scattering, and analyze similar effects, including manifestations of the charge, current, and valley polarization fluctuations in the optical response. Possible directions for further development of spin noise spectroscopy are outlined.
Psicología y Psicoterapias Transpersonales. Reflexiones y Propuestas
Authors: Gimeno-Bayón Cobos Ana
Published: October 2020

La Psicología Transpersonal ocupa en nuestro país un lugar muy poco conocido. Los estudios académicos han descuidado, por el momento, incluir en la formación profesional de los psicólogos los aspectos relacionados con la dimensión espiritual del ser humano. De este modo, cuando en la práctica clínica se plantean problemas psicológicos relacionados con este ámbito, el profesional se encuentra sin marco teórico o herramientas prácticas para abordarlo. Igual ocurre con los estados de conciencia no habituales, conocidos como Estados Modificados de Conciencia (EMC). Sin embargo, eso no quita que las personas que se encuentran con ellos acudan a un psicólogo algunas veces. Otras lo hacen a un maestro espiritual o a un pseudoprofesional. El presente artículo plantea el panorama general que ofrece la Psicología Transpersonal y los modelos psicoterapéuticos derivados de ella, haciendo hincapié en los elementos comunes y diferenciadores respecto a la Psicología de la Religión, así como las dificultades y carencias que muestran. En él también se hace una propuesta concreta desde el modelo de Psicoterapia Integradora Humanista y se realiza una interpelación a las instituciones académicas y científicas para que no dejen de incluir en sus estudios e investigaciones los aspectos tratados por la Psicología Transpersonal.
La Meditación en la Esperanza en el Programa EBC: Descripción y Mecanismos de Acción Implicados
Authors: Alvear Morón David
Published: October 2020

Se describe el modelo de bienestar del programa EBC (Entrenamiento en Bienestar basado en prácticas Contemplativas) fundamentado en la acción virtuosa y en la felicidad ego-desprendida, donde el bienestar subjetivo es un subproducto y un reforzador derivado de las propias acciones virtuosas. Posteriormente, se describe y se analizan los mecanismos de acción implícitos en la meditación en la esperanza, entendida como una meditación estratégica en el desarrollo del programa EBC. Para finalizar, se proponen varias conclusiones al respecto.
Los Procesos Sensoriales y Emocionales en las Espiritualidades Religiosas y Ateas
Authors: Rosal Cortés Ramón
Published: October 2020

El autor es consciente de la importancia que tienen –para la vivencia de los valores y de la espiritualidad– el pensamiento inteligente y la voluntad. Pero de lo que se ocupa este trabajo no será de estos potenciales del ser humano, sino de la sensibilidad y los sentimientos que frecuentemente se han tendido a infravalorar, aunque también se ha producido, en los últimos decenios, un redescubrimiento de su importancia por parte de la investigación psicológica tanto científica como filosófica. Se pueden resumir en tres lo objetivos principales de este trabajo: a) Facilitar una respuesta a la pregunta sobre qué se entiende por espiritualidad, tanto en el marco de una cosmovisión religiosa, como de una atea; b) Mostrar el creciente interés psicológico respecto a la espiritualidad; y c) Ofrecer testimonios de experiencias de espiritualidad en personajes ilustres –principalmente científicos– vinculados a diferentes cosmovisiones y de diferentes estilos de personalidad.
Plant-Derived Natural Compounds in Genetic Vaccination and Therapy for HPV-Associated Cancers
Authors: Franconi Rosella , Massa Silvia , Paolini Francesca , Vici Patrizia , Venuti Aldo
Published: October 2020

Antigen-specific immunotherapy and, in particular, DNA vaccination provides an established approach for tackling human papillomavirus (HPV) cancers at different stages. DNA vaccines are stable and have a cost-effective production. Their intrinsic low immunogenicity has been improved by several strategies with some success, including fusion of HPV antigens with plant gene sequences. Another approach for the control of HPV cancers is the use of natural immunomodulatory agents like those derived from plants, that are able to interfere in carcinogenesis by modulating many different cellular pathways and, in some instances, to reduce chemo- and radiotherapy resistance of tumors. Indeed, plant-derived compounds represent, in many cases, an abundantly available, cost-effective source of molecules that can be either harvested directly in nature or obtained from plant cell cultures. In this review, an overview of the most relevant data reported in literature on the use of plant natural compounds and genetic vaccines that include plant-derived sequences against HPV tumors is provided. The purpose is also to highlight the still under-explored potential of multimodal treatments implying DNA vaccination along with plant-derived agents.
Correction: Stuckel, et al.; Enhanced CXCR4 Expression Associates with Increased Gene Body 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Modification but Not Decreased Promoter Methylation in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers 2020, 12, 539
Authors: Stuckel Alexei J. , Zhang Wei , Zhang Xu , Zeng Shuai , Dougherty Urszula , Mustafi Reba , Zhang Qiong , Perreand Elsa , Khare Tripti , Joshi Trupti , West-Szymanski Diana C. , Bissonnette Marc , Khare Sharad
Published: October 2020

The authors would like to make a correction to their published paper [...]
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in the Management of Intermediate and Frail Elderly Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Bonello Francesca , Boccadoro Mario , Larocca Alessandra
Published: October 2020

Multiple myeloma (MM) mostly affects elderly patients, which represent a highly heterogeneous population. Indeed, comorbidities, frailty status and functional reserve may vary considerably among patients with similar chronological age. For this reason, the choice of treatment goals and intensity is particularly challenging in elderly patients, and it requires a multidimensional evaluation of the patients and the disease. In recent years, different tools to detect patient frailty have been developed, and the International Myeloma Working Group frailty score currently represents the gold standard. It identifies intermediate-fit and frail patients requiring gentler treatment approaches compared to fit patients, aiming to preserve quality of life and prevent toxicities. This subset of patients is underrepresented in clinical trials, and studies exploring frailty-adapted approaches are scarce, making the choice of therapy extremely challenging. Treatment options for intermediate-fit and frail patients might include dose-adapted combinations, doublets, and less toxic combinations based on novel agents. This review analyzes the available tools for the assessment of frailty and possible strategies to improve the discriminative power of the scores and expand their use in real-life and clinical trial settings. Moreover, it addresses the main therapeutic challenges in the management of intermediate-fit and frail MM patients at diagnosis and at relapse.
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Understanding Their Heterogeneity
Authors: Louault Kévin , Li Rong-Rong , DeClerck Yves A.
Published: October 2020

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in tumor progression. Among its multiple components are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that are the main suppliers of extracellular matrix molecules and important contributors to inflammation. As a source of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and other regulatory molecules, they participate in cancer progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune cell reprogramming and therapeutic resistance. Nevertheless, their role is not fully understood, and is sometimes controversial due to their heterogeneity. CAFs are heterogeneous in their origin, phenotype, function and presence within tumors. As a result, strategies to target CAFs in cancer therapy have been hampered by the difficulties in better defining the various populations of CAFs and by the lack of clear recognition of their specific function in cancer progression. This review discusses how a greater understanding of the heterogeneous nature of CAFs could lead to better approaches aimed at their use or at their targeting in the treatment of cancer.
Bio-Pathological Markers in the Diagnosis and Therapy of Cancer
Authors: Broggi Giuseppe , Salvatorelli Lucia
Published: October 2020

The two medical sciences that mostly deal with the diagnostic approach to human neoplasms in clinical practice are undoubtedly radiology and pathology [...]
Carbon Nanodots for On Demand Chemophotothermal Therapy Combination to Elicit Necroptosis: Overcoming Apoptosis Resistance in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Nicosia Aldo , Cavallaro Gennara , Costa Salvatore , Utzeri Mara , Cuttitta Angela , Giammona Gaetano , Mauro Nicolò
Published: October 2020

Background: Engineered luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) are appealing nanomaterials for cancer image-guided photothermal therapy combining near infrared (NIR)–triggered hyperthermia, imaging, and drug delivery in a single platform for efficient killing of cancer cells. This approach would allow eliciting synergistic regulated cell death (RCD) routes such as necroptosis, targeting breast cancer cells refractory to apoptosis, thus overcoming drug resistance. Methods: We report the preparation of CDs bearing biotin as a targeting agent (CDs-PEG-BT), which are able to load high amounts of irinotecan (23.7%) to be released in a pulsed on-demand fashion. CDs-PEG-BT have narrow size distribution, stable red luminescence, and high photothermal conversion in the NIR region, allowing imaging of MDA-MB231 and MCF-7 cancer cells and killing them by photothermal and chemotherapeutic insults. Results: Cellular uptake, viability profiles, and RCD gene expression analyses provided insights about the observed biocompatibility of CDs-PEG-BT, indicating that necroptosis can be induced on-demand after the photothermal activation. Besides, photothermal activation of drug-loaded CDs-PEG-BT implies both necroptosis and apoptosis by the TNFα and RIPK1 pathway. Conclusions: The controlled activation of necroptosis and apoptosis by combining phototherapy and on-demand release of irinotecan is the hallmark of efficient anticancer response in refractory breast cancer cell lines in view of precision medicine applications.
The Effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Cancer RNAi Therapies
Authors: Gebert Magdalena , Jaśkiewicz Maciej , Moszyńska Adrianna , Collawn James F. , Bartoszewski Rafał
Published: October 2020

Tremendous progress in RNAi delivery methods and design has allowed for the effective development of siRNA-based therapeutics that are currently under clinical investigation for various cancer treatments. This approach has the potential to revolutionize cancer therapy by providing the ability to specifically downregulate or upregulate the mRNA of any protein of interest. This exquisite specificity, unfortunately, also has a downside. Genetic variations in the human population are common because of the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs lead to synonymous and non-synonymous changes and they occur once in every 300 base pairs in both coding and non-coding regions in the human genome. Much less common are the somatic mosaicism variations associated with genetically distinct populations of cells within an individual that is derived from postzygotic mutations. These heterogeneities in the population can affect the RNAi’s efficacy or more problematically, which can lead to unpredictable and sometimes adverse side effects. From a more positive viewpoint, both SNPs and somatic mosaicisms have also been implicated in human diseases, including cancer, and these specific changes could offer the ability to effectively and, more importantly, selectively target the cancer cells. In this review, we discuss how SNPs in the human population can influence the development and success of novel anticancer RNAi therapies and the importance of why SNPs should be carefully considered.
rhEGF Treatment Improves EGFR Inhibitor-Induced Skin Barrier and Immune Defects
Authors: Kim Ji Min , Ji Jun Ho , Kim Young Saing , Lee Suee , Oh Sung Yong , Huh Seok Jae , Son Choon Hee , Kang Jung Hun , Ahn So Yun , Choo Jung Eun , Song Ki-Hoon , Roh Mee Sook
Published: October 2020

The mechanisms of epidermal growth factor (EGF) affecting EGF receptor inhibitor (EGFRI)-related skin toxicities are as yet unknown. We investigated which mechanisms are involved in EGF’s positive effects. Two types of EGFRIs, cetuximab and gefitinib, were used to treat the cells or 3d-cultured human skin tissue with recombinant human EGF (rhEGF). As a result, rhEGF increased EGFR and pEGFR expression. Furthermore, rhEGF induces EGFR signaling by pAKT and pPI3K expression in gefitinib and rhEGF co-treated cells. In addition, rhEGF bound to EGFR after than cetuximab, but cetuximab bound to EGFR more strongly than rhEGF. Moreover, expressions of proliferation and differentiation proteins, both ki-67 and filaggrin, were decreased in EGFRI-treated tissue. However, in rhEGF and EGFRI co-treated tissue, those expressions were increased. Expression of IL-1α, IL-8, and TNF-α was increased by EGFRIs and down-regulated by rhEGF. Furthermore, hBD-2 and hBD-3 protein expressions were inhibited by cetuximab or gefitinib treatment, and those decrements were increased by rhEGF treatment. In patients’ tissue evaluation, compared with controls, patients’ Ki-67 and EGFR expression were decreased (p = 0.015, p = 0.001). Patients’ IL-17 and TNF-α expression intensity was higher than that of the control group (p = 0.038, p = 0.037). After treatment with EGF ointment, average values of Ki-67, EGFR, and Melan-A were changed to normal values. Oppositely, patients’ proportions of IL-17 and TNF-α were decreased to low stain level. In conclusion, treatment of rhEGF improved EGFRI-induced skin eruption via normalizing the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, reducing inflammatory cytokines by the affected EGFRIs.
Medullary Thyroid Cancer in Patients Older than 45—Epidemiologic Trends and Predictors of Survival
Authors: Gogna Shekhar , Goldberg Michael , Samson David , Gachabayov Mahir , Felsenreich Daniel M. , Azim Asad , Dong Xiang D (Eric)
Published: October 2020

Sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) can occur anytime in life although they tend to present at a later age (≥45 years old) when the tumors are more easily discernible or become symptomatic. We aimed to identify the factors affecting the survival in patients ≥45 years of age diagnosed with MTC. We analyzed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry from 1973–2016 focusing on patients ≥45 years of age with MTC as an isolated primary. A total of 2533 patients aged ≥45 years with MTC were identified. There has been a statistically significant increase of 1.19% per year in the incidence of MTC for this group of patients. The disease was more common in females and the Caucasian population. Most patients had localized disease on presentation (47.6%). Increasing age and advanced stage of presentation were associated with worse survival with HR 1.05 (p < 0.001) and HR 3.68 (p < 0.001), respectively. Female sex and surgical resection were associated with improved survival with HR 0.74 (p < 0.001) and 0.36 (p < 0.001), respectively. In conclusion, the incidence of MTC in patients ≥45 years of age is increasing. Patients should be offered surgical resection at an early stage to improve their outcomes.
Dynamic Topology Reconfiguration of Boltzmann Machines on Quantum Annealers
Authors: Liu Jeremy , Yao Ke-Thia , Spedalieri Federico
Published: October 2020

Boltzmann machines have useful roles in deep learning applications, such as generative data modeling, initializing weights for other types of networks, or extracting efficient representations from high-dimensional data. Most Boltzmann machines use restricted topologies that exclude looping connectivity, as such connectivity creates complex distributions that are difficult to sample. We have used an open-system quantum annealer to sample from complex distributions and implement Boltzmann machines with looping connectivity. Further, we have created policies mapping Boltzmann machine variables to the quantum bits of an annealer. These policies, based on correlation and entropy metrics, dynamically reconfigure the topology of Boltzmann machines during training and improve performance.
A Negative Charge Pump Using Enhanced Pumping Clock for Low-Voltage DRAM
Authors: Lee Choongkeun , Yim Taegun , Yoon Hongil
Published: October 2020

As the supply voltage decreases, there is a need for a high-speed negative charge pump circuit, for example, to produce the back-bias voltage (VBB) with high pumping efficiency at a low supply voltage (VDD). Beyond the basic negative charge pump circuit with the small area overhead, advanced schemes such as hybrid pump circuit (HCP) and cross-coupled hybrid pump circuits (CHPC) were introduced to improve the pumping efficiency and pump down speed. However, they still suffer from pumping efficiency degradation, low level |VBB|, and small pumping currents at very low VDD. A novel negative charge pump using an enhanced pumping clock is proposed. The proposed cross-coupled charge pump consists of the enhanced pumping clock generator (ECG) having a pair of inverters and PMOS latch circuit to produce an enhanced control signal with a greater amplitude, thereby working efficiently especially at low supply voltages. The proposed scheme is validated with a HSPICE simulation using the TSMC 180 nm process. The proposed scheme can be operated down to VDD = 0.4 V, and |VBB|/VDD is obtained to be 86.1% at VDD = 0.5 V and Cload = 20 nF. Compared to the state-of-the-art CHPC scheme, the pumping efficiency is larger by 35% at VDD = 0.6 V and RL = 10 KΩ, and the pumping current is 2.17 times greater at VDD = 1.2 V and VBB = 0 V, making the circuit suitable for very low supply voltage applications in DRAMs.