bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Metode AHP untuk Menentukan Strategi Pemasaran
Authors: Balafif Muhammad Ferdan , Hussein Ananda Sabil
Published: August 2024

Appropriate marketing strategies are one of the essentials for companies in their effort of making progress. A good company must certainly have well-considered strategies in order to enhance and maximize its sales volume. The main problem to be discussed in this research is the decreasing number of tourists who visit Utama Raya Rest Area. Analytical Hierarchy Process was used since this method enables the identification of criteria that are more important than the others. The application of this decision- supporting system application can help the researcher solve the said problems and facilitate decisions to be made for Utama Raya Rest Area.
 
Abstrak
Menentukan strategi pemasaran yang tepat bagi perusahaan merupakan hal yang sangat berpengaruh bagi kemajuan perusahaan. Perusahaan yang baik tentunya harus memiliki strategi perusahaan yang cukup matang dalam rangka untuk meningkatkan dan memaksimalkan volume penjualannya. Berdasarkan dari permasalahan yang ada yaitu menurunnya wisatawan pada Rest Area Utama Raya, maka dari hal tersebut peneliti akan melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Analythical Hierarchy Process dimana metode ini digunakan dalam menentukan kriteria mana yang lebih penting dengan mebandingkan nilai antar satu kriteria dengan kriteria yang lainnya. Sehingga dengan penerapan sistem pendukung keputusan ini dapat membantu peniliti untuk memecahkan masalah  serta memudahkan dalam pengambilan keputusan pada Rest Area Utama Raya.
Motivasi Berinvestasi, Pengetahuan Pasar Modal dan Preferensi Risiko Terhadap Minat Investasi
Authors: Azzahra Aqila , Yuana Pusvita
Published: August 2024

Mutual funds are one of the most favorable types of digital investment among young generations. Bibit, a mutual fund application that has been downloaded more than five million times, is equipped with features that facilitate beginner and prospective investors. The objective of this research is to analyze the effects of motivation, capital market, and risk preference on the investment interest of Bibit users. The population of this quantitative explanatory research is all active management department students of Faculty of Economics and Business of Universitas Brawijaya. Using purposive sampling technique with several criteria, 130 people were selected as the respondents. This study finds that motivation and risk preference are crucial in creating the students’ interest for investment and that capital market knowledge does not significantly increase the students’ interest for investment.
 
Abstrak
Reksa dana adalah salah satu jenis investasi digital yang paling diminati oleh generasi muda saat ini. Bibit, salah satu aplikasi reksa dana yang hingga kini telah diunduh lebih dari 5 juta kali, memiliki berbagai fitur yang memudahkan calon investor dan investor pemula. Penilitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh motivasi berinvestasi, pengaruh pasar modal dan preferensi risiko terhadap minat berinvestasi pada pengguna aplikasi bibit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatori dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa aktif Departemen Manajemen FEB UB. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling dimana diperlukan beberapa kriteria, besar sampel adalah 130 responden. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan motivasi berinvestasi dan preferensi risiko berperan penting dalam membentuk minat investasi pada mahasiswa Departemen Manajemen FEB UB, sedangkan pengetahuan pasar modal tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan minat investasi mahasiswa.
Analisis Kesehatan Keuangan pada Koperasi Unit Desa
Authors: Devin Levina Arista , Wijayanti Risna
Published: August 2024

The Cooperative Reform program run by the Ministry of Cooperative and MSME facilitates the government to determine whether certain cooperatives are healthy or not. The program has found that many of the cooperatives are not healthy, leading to their closures, which eventually reduce their number. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze the financial soundness of Village Cooperatives in Batu City during the 2016-2020 period using the Regulation of the Deputy of Control of the Ministry of Cooperative and MSME number 06/Per/Dep/IV/2016. The assessment was carried out by incorporating seven aspects; they are capital, productive assets quality, management, efficiency, liquidity, independency, growth, and self-identity. The results of the analysis indicate that Village Cooperatives in Batu City are moderately healthy with the score of 74.00 in 2016, 74.00 in 2017, 76.40 in 2018, 76.40 in 2019, 77.00 in 2020, and the total score of 75.56 for the said period. Further, self-identity is the best aspect of all in terms of performance, while efficiency is the worst aspect.
 
Abstrak
Program “Reformasi Koperasi” yang dijalankan oleh Kementerian Koperasi dan UMKM memudahkan pemerintah untuk menilai koperasi tersebut berstatus sehat atau tidak sehat Reformasi Koperasi tersebut menghasilkan temuan banyak koperasi tidak sehat, yang pada akhirnya harus ditutup. Maka dari itu, jumlah koperasi semakin menurun pasca diterapkannya program tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kondisi kesehatan keuangan Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Kota Batu pada rentang tahun 2016-2020 berdasarkan Peraturan Deputi Bidang Pengawasan Kementerian KUKM No.06/Per/Dep/IV/2016. Penialian dilakukan dengan menggunakan tujuh aspek, yaitu permodalan, kualitas aktiva produktif, manajemen, efisiensi, likuiditas, kemadirian & pertumbuhan, dan jatidiri koperasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Kota Batu berstatus cukup sehat dengan skor pada tahun 2016 74,00; pada tahun 2017 skor sebesar 74,00; pada tahun 2018 skor sebesar 76,40; pada tahun 2019 skor sebesar 76,40; dan pada tahun 2020 skor sebesar 77,00. Perolehan total skor akhir sebesar 75,56 pada kurun waktu 2016-2020. Dari tujuh aspek yang dinilai, aspek jatidiri koperasi merupakan aspek yang paling bagus kinerjanya dibandingkan dengan aspek lainnya. Sedangkan aspek efisiensi merupakan aspek yang kondisinya tergolong buruk dibandingkan aspek lainnya.
Pengaruh Keputusan Investasi, Kebijakan Dividen, dan Kebijakan Hutang Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Abrian Gusti Awang , Djazuli Atim
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of investment decisions, dividend policies and debt policies partially and simultaneously on firm value. This type of research uses explanatory research methods by explaining the causal relationship between variables through hypothesis testing. This study took a sample of 20 companies using a purposive sampling technique which has the characteristics of manufacturing companies listed on the IDX consecutively for the 2020-2022 period, their financial statements are reported on an ongoing basis, and the company has experienced no losses during the 2020-2022 period. This study used the SPSS computer program test tool. From this study it can be concluded that investment decisions do not have a significant direct effect on firm value. Likewise, the debt policy does not have a significant effect on firm value. Meanwhile, dividend policy has a direct and significant effect on firm value.
 
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keputusan investasi, kebijakan dividen dan kebijakan hutang secara parsial dan simultan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode explanatory research dengan menjelaskan hubungan kausal antara variabel – variabel melalui pengujian hipotesis. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel sebanyak 20 sampel perusahaan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang memiliki karakteristik perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI secara berturut-turut untuk periode 2020-2022, laporan keuangannya dilaporkan secara berkelanjutan, dan perusahaan tidak mengalmai kerugian selama periode 2020-2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat uji program komputer SPSS. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa keputusan investasi tidak memiliki pengaruh langsung secara signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Begitu juga dengan kebijakan hutang tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Sedangkan kebijakan dividen memiliki pengaruh langsung secara signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Pengaruh Makroekonomi, Indeks Harga Saham Negara Malaysia dan Thailand Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan Indonesia
Authors: Manuhutu Geraldo , Ratnawati Kusuma
Published: August 2024

The objective of this research is to identify the effects of inflation, USD-to-IDR exchange rate, BI Rate, the Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI), and the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SETi) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange Index (IDX Composite) during the Covid-19 pandemic’s Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) and Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (PPKM) from April 2020 to December 2022. The independent variables are inflation, USD-to-IDR exchange rate, BI Rate, KLCI, and SETi, and the dependent variable is IDX Composite. The effects to be identified by this research is the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable. This explanatory research uses secondary monthly data of each variable, which was analyzed using multiple linear regression in Statistical Product Service and Solution (SPSS). This research finds that inflation and SETi have significant and positive effects on IDX Composite, that BI Rate negatively and significantly influences IDX Composite, and that USD-to-IDR exchange rate and KLCI do not significantly influence IDX Composite.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari Inflasi, Nilai Tukar USD/IDR, Suku Bunga Bank Indonesia, Indeks Saham Gabungan Kuala Lumpur (KLCI), dan Indeks Pasar Saham Thailand (SET) terhadap IHSG pada saat PSBB dan PPKM Pandemi Covid-19 (April 2020-Desember 2022). Variabel independen dari penelitian ini adalah Inflasi, Nilai Tukar USD/IDR, Suku Bunga Bank Indonesia, Indeks KLCI, dan Indeks SET. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG).  Pengaruh yang ingin diketahui dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaruh parsial masing masing variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder setiap bulan dari masing masing variabel. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Pengolahan data menggunakan software Statistical Product Service and Solution (SPSS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh secara positif variabel Inflasi, dan Indeks SET terhadap IHSG, untuk variabel Suku Bunga Bank Indonesia memiliki pengaruh secara negatif terhadap IHSG. Sedangkan, variabel nilai tukar USD/IDR, dan Indeks KLCI memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap IHSG.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Premi, Hasil Investasi, dan Beban Klaim Terhadap Solvabilitas Perusahaan
Authors: Wijaya Felix Nata , Juwita Himmiyatul Amanah Jiwa
Published: August 2024

This research aims to identify and analyze the partial effects of Premium Income, Investment Returns, and Claim Expenses on Company Solvency. The research design used is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The population of this study consists of life insurance companies in Indonesia. The sample size includes 22 life insurance companies in Indonesia, selected using purposive sampling. Data collection methods involve accessing financial reports from each company's website. The data analysis method employed is multiple linear regression using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 24.0 for Windows data processing application. The research findings indicate that Premium Income and Investment Returns have a positive and significant impact on the Company Solvency variable, while Claim Expenses have a negative and significant impact on the Company Solvency variable.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis pengaruh Pendapatan Premi, Hasil Investasi, dan Beban Klaim secara parsial terhadap Solvabilitas Perusahaan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah perusahaan asuransi jiwa di Indonesia. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 22 perusahaan asuransi jiwa di Indonesia yang diambil menggunakan purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data melalui akses laporan keuangan pada situs perusahaan masing-masing. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan aplikasi pengolahan data Statitiscal Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 24,0 for Windows. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa variabel Pendapatan Premi dan Hasil Investasi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel Solvabilitas Perusahaan, sedangkan variabel Beban Klaim memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap variabel Solvabilitas Perusahaan.
Pengaruh Makro Ekonomi dan Harga Nikel Terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Yulistiyo Teguh Eko , Indrawati Nur Khusniyah
Published: August 2024

The objective of this research is to identify the effects of macroeconomic variables and nickel price on stock prices. The macroeconomic variables are inflation, BI rate, and exchange rate. The research population is fourteen mining companies under the sub-sector of metal and other mineral that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2018-2022 period. The use of purposive sampling resulted in eight companies. With five-year of research period, forty observations were acquired; they were analyzed using multiple linear regression. This study finds that inflation sensitivity has a significant and positive impact on the stock prices and that interest rate sensitivity, exchange rate sensitivity, and nickel price do not significantly influence the stock prices.
 
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variabel makro ekonomi dan harga nikel terhadap harga saham. Variabel makro ekonomi yang digunakan meliputi inflasi, suku bunga SBI dan kurs/nilai tukar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan pertambangan sub sektor logam & mineral lainnya yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2018–2022. Teknik yang dilakukan dalam pemilihan sampel adalah purposive sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 8 perusahaan pertambangan sub sektor logam & mineral lainnya dari total 14 populasi, dengan periode penelitian selama lima tahun, sehingga di dapat sebanyak 40 objek observasi dalam penelitian ini. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sensitivitas inflasi berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap harga saham. Sensitivitas suku bunga, sensitivitas kurs dan harga nikel tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham.
Analisis Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Perilaku Keuangan, dan Pendapatan Terhadap Minat Keputusan Berinvestasi
Authors: Farhanyudha Giffari Muhammad , Atmini Sari
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy, responsible financial behavior, and income on the intention of investment decisions by applying the theory of planned behavior and the theory of behavioral finance. The samples in this research involve university students in Malang, including 100 respondents selected through the purposive sampling method. The data from respondents are collected through a survey utilizing questionnaires, and analyzed by multiple regression. The results exhibited that financial literacy and income had a positive effect on the intention of investment decisions, which corresponds to the hypotheses. However, responsible financial behavior did not affect the intention of investment decisions.
Pengaruh Intellectual Capital dan Literasi Keuangan terhadap Kinerja Bisnis UKM Ekonomi Kreatif
Authors: Iqbatullah Danil , Nurkholis
Published: August 2024

SMEs are currently growing and competing in the transition from conventional business to knowledge-based business. Knowledge-based businesses must encourage SMEs to create competitive value to improve SME performance. This study aims to examine the effect of intellectual capital and financial literacy on the performance of SMEs. Resource Based Theory is used as the theoretical basis for investigating the performance of SMEs as an illustration of how to manage intangible assets. Data were collected through questionnaire survey techniques and then processed using SPSS. This study found customer capital and financial literacy can improve business performance. Human capital and structural capital as they lack awareness and development of investment in human capital and structural capital by SMEs. SMEs can maximize good relations with customers and increase financial literacy to improve business performance. It is therefore important that SMEs consider customer capital and the level of financial literacy in managing their SMEs to increase performance, market share, and expand networks.
Pengaruh Postur Motivasi Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pa-jak Bumi Dan Bangunan (PBB)
Authors: Ameldan Alchair Achmad Rifadi , Prihatiningtias Yeney Widya
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of motivational posture on land and building taxpayer compliance (PBB) in Malang City during the Covid-19 pandemic through 5 variables, namely commitment, capitulation, resistance, release, and playing games. The object of this research is 100 residents of Malang City who have become Land and Building Taxpayers. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression methods with the SPSS application. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be seen that the commitment variable has a positive effect on land and building taxpayer (PBB) compliance in Malang City, while the capitulation variable has no positive effect on land and building taxpayer (PBB) compliance in Malang city. Then, on the variable resistance, disengagement and game playing have a negative effect on the compliance of the Land and Building Taxpayer (PBB) in Malang City. This shows that paying land and building taxes is the right thing and people are responsible for their obligations by paying taxes according to actual calculations and conditions. This shows that taxpayers have the motivation to commit to carrying out tax obligations and comply with applicable tax regulations.
Constructing and providing content validity evidence through the Aiken's V index based on the experts' judgments of the instrument to measure mathematical problem-solving skills
Authors: Kania Nia , Kusumah Yaya S. , Dahlan Jarnawi Afgani , Nurlaelah Elah , Gürbüz Ferit , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: August 2024

Test content-based proof of validity is a type of evidence that supports the validity of a measuring instrument. This research aims to develop a mathematical problem-solving assessment instrument utilizing five experts. This study is classified as developmental research and follows a research design that includes two separate stages: the preliminary design stage and the prototype stage. However, its application is restricted to Prototype 1 and Prototype 2, specifically for expert evaluation. This instrument was designed explicitly for grade VIII students studying mathematics, covering all the topics from the odd semesters. The analysis progressed through three distinct stages—curriculum analysis, content analysis, and context analysis—each contributing to a comprehensive understanding of instructional resources. The study sought to narrow the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application in mathematics education by incorporating real-world context. Surveys have revealed difficulties in answering mathematical problems, highlighting the need to address gaps in learning to improve competency. The careful and thorough construction of test instruments, considering factors such as validity, established the foundation for creating accurate assessment tools. The content validity assessment by the expert panel, with scores ranging from 0.817 to 0.884 based on the V-Aiken category, confirms that the instrument is vital in assessing students' mathematical problem-solving skills and the implementation of this study yielded many valuable insights for educators and academics. This study helps improve mathematics education resources and evaluations to promote mathematical thinking.
Current and Future Applications of Machine Perfusion and Other Dynamic Preservation Strategies in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Qiu Yue , Kang Yinqian , Liu Hao , Hilmi Ibtesam
Published: August 2024

Machine perfusion (MP) techniques, which simulate physiological conditions to allow for the assessment and preservation of organ viability, are currently applied in various solid organ transplantation fields. Owing to the growing demand for liver transplants and the scarcity of available donor livers, MP offers a practical solution for recovering high-risk grafts and increasing the number of potentially usable donor organs. Furthermore, testing and administering novel therapies to allografts may also become advantageous. Therefore, it has become essential to examine the role of MP in liver transplantation (LT), identify the challenges in its application, and determine future research directions in this field. This review summarizes the findings from clinical trials on hypothermic MP, normothermic MP (NMP), explores novel dynamic preservation approaches, such as normothermic regional perfusion, ischemia-free transplantation, combinations of MP techniques, and long-term NMP, addresses the obstacles to standardizing MP protocols, and highlights the critical role of clinical trials in validating various aspects of the perfusion process.
Clinical and Biochemical Outcomes in Transgender Individuals Undergoing Hormone Therapy: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Sattora Emily , Teelin Karen , Prendergast Christopher , Smith Abigail , Evans James , Imdad Aamer
Published: August 2024

Background

Monitoring of various clinical outcomes and parameters, such as lipid levels, is recommended in transgender individuals undergoing hormone therapies. However, comprehensive data to inform these recommendations is scarce.

Objective

This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize evidence from existing literature on the effect of exogenous hormone therapy on clinical and biochemical outcomes for transgender adolescents and adults.

Methods

We will search multiple electronic databases and will include prospective and retrospective observational studies with and without a control group. The study population will include transgender individuals undergoing hormone therapy with testosterone or estrogen. Comparisons will include age-matched, cisgender individuals and changes from baseline. Primary outcomes include changes in or the development of abnormal lipid parameters. Secondary outcomes include BMI, weight, height, and blood pressure for age, serum testosterone or estrogen levels, and development of disease including hypertension, diabetes, fatty liver disease, obesity, adverse cardiac events, as well as all-cause mortality. The meta-analysis will pool the studies where applicable, and meta-regressions will be conducted to evaluate effect modifiers. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach will be used to evaluate the overall certainty of evidence.

Results

We will summarize the selection of the eligible studies using a PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flowchart. The results will be presented in a table summarizing the evidence. Data collection is ongoing, and the paper is expected to be published in Spring 2025.

Conclusions

This systematic review will summarize and evaluate the evidence of the clinical and biochemical outcomes associated with hormone therapies for transgender individuals.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42024483138; https://tinyurl.com/yc4sfvnb

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/57931
Optimizing a Classification Model to Evaluate Individual Susceptibility in Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Shiyuan , Yu Xiao , Ma Xinrong , Wang Ying , Guo Junjie , Wang Jiping , Shen Wenxin , Dong Hongyu , Salvi Richard , Wang Hui , Yin Shankai
Published: August 2024

Background

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), one of the leading causes of hearing loss in young adults, is a major health care problem that has negative social and economic consequences. It is commonly recognized that individual susceptibility largely varies among individuals who are exposed to similar noise. An objective method is, therefore, needed to identify those who are extremely sensitive to noise-exposed jobs to prevent them from developing severe NIHL.

Objective

This study aims to determine an optimal model for detecting individuals susceptible or resistant to NIHL and further explore phenotypic traits uniquely associated with their susceptibility profiles.

Methods

Cross-sectional data on hearing loss caused by occupational noise were collected from 2015 to 2021 at shipyards in Shanghai, China. Six methods were summarized from the literature review and applied to evaluate their classification performance for susceptibility and resistance of participants to NIHL. A machine learning (ML)–based diagnostic model using frequencies from 0.25 to 12 kHz was developed to determine the most reliable frequencies, considering accuracy and area under the curve. An optimal method with the most reliable frequencies was then constructed to detect individuals who were susceptible versus resistant to NIHL. Phenotypic characteristics such as age, exposure time, cumulative noise exposure, and hearing thresholds (HTs) were explored to identify these groups.

Results

A total of 6276 participants (median age 41, IQR 33‐47 years; n=5372, 85.6% men) were included in the analysis. The ML-based NIHL diagnostic model with misclassified subjects showed the best performance for identifying workers in the NIHL-susceptible group (NIHL-SG) and NIHL-resistant group (NIHL-RG). The mean HTs at 4 and 12.5 kHz showed the highest predictive value for detecting those in the NIHL-SG and NIHL-RG (accuracy=0.78 and area under the curve=0.81). Individuals in the NIHL-SG selected by the optimized model were younger than those in the NIHL-RG (median 28, IQR 25‐31 years vs median 35, IQR 32‐39 years; P<.001), with a shorter duration of noise exposure (median 5, IQR 2‐8 years vs median 8, IQR 4‐12 years; P<.001) and lower cumulative noise exposure (median 90, IQR 86‐92 dBA-years vs median 92.2, IQR 89.2‐94.7 dBA-years; P<.001) but greater HTs (4 and 12.5 kHz; median 58.8, IQR 53.8‐63.8 dB HL vs median 8.8, IQR 7.5‐11.3 dB HL; P<.001).

Conclusions

An ML-based NIHL diagnostic model with misclassified subjects using the mean HTs of 4 and 12.5 kHz was the most reliable method for identifying individuals susceptible or resistant to NIHL. However, further studies are needed to determine the genetic factors that govern NIHL susceptibility.
ChatGPT as a global doctor: a rapid review of its performance on national licensing medical examination (Preprint)
Authors: Flores Cohaila Javier Alejandro , Miranda-Chavez Brayan , Flores-Arocutipa Javier , Mayta-Tristan Percy
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The growth of studies evaluating ChatGPT's performance in exams swamped the medical education community. However, it has been proved from low to high-stakes examination, affecting the reliability and validity of findings. To ensure reliability and bring a final consensus, we opted to synthesize the evidence of ChatGPT's performance under high-stakes examinations, namely, National Licensing Medical Examinations (NLME).

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate ChatGPT’s NLMEs performance and assess whether it could achieve a license to practice in various countries.

METHODS

We searched the Pubmed and Scopus databases for studies that evaluated ChatGPT's performance in NLMEs. In addition to the reference list and in Google Scholar. Studies were screened, and the accuracy rate (performance) of ChatGPT was extracted, as well as other study characteristics.

RESULTS

We identified 37 studies that evaluated ChatGPT's performance across 18 NLMEs. Most studies evaluated the performance of ChatGPT in the NLME of the United States, China, and Japan. While the majority of studies used official datasets, others used unofficial ones from third parties, and a scarce number of studies used prompting techniques. GPT-4 was superior to GPT-3.5 in all NLMEs and could pass all of them. GPT-4 overperformed the average performance of examinees' in most studies, except the Japan NLME.

CONCLUSIONS

Current evidence suggests that ChatGPT can pass 18 NLMEs, surpassing almost all candidates, and, if possible, receive a "global medical license." Further research should move towards using ChatGPT as GPT-4o in performance assessment and exploring the potential of ChatGPT for NLMEs development and validation. Moreover, our findings represent a call for reimagining assessment in medical education.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Capsule endoscopy for Detection Lesions of Crohn's disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Yuling Bin Yuling , Rumei Peng Rumei , Rumei Peng Rumei ,   Yaqian Lee,   Zhijie Lee,   Yang Liu
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Crohn's disease (CD), a complex member of the inflammatory bowel disease spectrum, is characterized by the diversity and skipping distribution of intestinal mucosal lesions, significantly complicating its differential diagnosis with intestinal diseases such as ulcerative colitis and intestinal tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE

With the increasing application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical field, its utilization in clinical diagnosis has become more widespread. However, there is a lack of systematic evaluation regarding the specific efficacy of AI in identifying CD through capsule endoscopy.

METHODS

This study conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed databases, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to May 21, 2024, to collect relevant literature. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool was used to rigorously assess the quality of included studies, and detailed information on study characteristics and AI algorithms was extracted. A bivariate mixed-effects model was employed to synthesize and analyze the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Additionally, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to delve into the potential sources of heterogeneity.

RESULTS

Ultimately, eight studies encompassing 11 distinct AI models were included in this meta-analysis. The overall area under the curve (AUC) for AI in identifying CD through capsule endoscopy (CE) was 99% (95% CI, 100%-0.00), indicating high diagnostic accuracy. Specifically, the pooled sensitivity was 94% (95% CI, 93%-96%), specificity was 97% (95% CI, 95%-98%), positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 32.7 (95% CI, 19.9-53.6), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 6% (95% CI, 4%-7%), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) reached 576 (95% CI, 295-1127). Meta-regression analysis further revealed that AI algorithm type, study population size, and study design might be key sources of heterogeneity.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the significant potential of AI technology in assisting endoscopists in detecting and identifying CD patients through capsule endoscopy. However, given the limitations and heterogeneity of current research, more high-quality, large-sample studies are needed to comprehensively and thoroughly evaluate the practical application value of AI in CD diagnosis, thereby promoting its widespread adoption and optimization in clinical practice.
dummyML: Automated tabular data analysis pipelines for non-experts (Preprint)
Authors: Song Yipeng , Liu Yang S , Metes Dan , Wang Mengzhe , Cao Bo
Published: August 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Health researchers and healthcare professionals are interested in exploring predictive analytics and machine learning applications of health data but were challenged by accessing software programming expertise and dealing with the complexity of carrying out machine learning based predictive analysis (e.g., prediction of a future outcome at the individual level). We present an automated machine learning analytical pipeline dummyML, a free and open-source tool designed to reduce the burden of conducting exploratory machine-learning data analysis on tabular data (e.g., data organized into a table, in which information is arranged in rows and columns), for non-experts, and to facilitate meaningful variable explanation.
Xây dựng mô hình dự báo cho chuỗi thời gian khoảng dựa vào chuỗi điểm
Authors: Võ Văn Tài , Nguyễn Huỳnh Luận , Danh Ngọc Thắm , Tăng Minh Khánh , Lê Đại Nghiệp
Published: August 2024

Nghiên cứu này đề nghị mô hình dự báo cho chuỗi thời gian khoảng bằng cách tách nó thành hai chuỗi thời gian điểm. Với mỗi chuỗi thời gian điểm, nghiên cứu chuẩn hoá dữ liệu, chia nó thành các chùm thích hợp dựa vào kỹ thuật phân tích chùm mờ, xây dựng mối quan hệ mờ giữa các phần tử trong chuỗi với các chùm và thiết lập nguyên tắc dự báo. Mô hình đề nghị được trình bày chi tiết các bước thực hiện và được minh hoạ bởi ví dụ số. Nó cũng được áp dụng cho hai chuỗi khoảng thực tế và nhận được kết quả cạnh tranh so với các mô hình phổ biến khác.
Khảo sát tính chất điện tử và tính toán đặc tính cơ học - quang học cho các cấu trúc mới của vật liệu thiếc sulfide và thiếc selenide cho ứng dụng quang điện tử
Authors: Nguyễn Trường Long , Nguyễn Gia Huy , Võ Quan Linh , Nguyễn Huỳnh Đức
Published: August 2024

Trong nghiên cứu này, các đặc tính điện tử, cơ học và quang học của hai dạng cấu trúc mới (g-Pnma và p-cubic) cho vật liệu SnS và SnSe đã được khảo sát và so sánh với cấu trúc cơ bản a-Pnma. Bằng tính toán lý thuyết phiếm hàm mật độ, các hệ cấu trúc mới cho thấy độ bền vững về năng lượng gần với hệ cơ bản a-Pnma và có độ bền cơ học tốt. Cấu trúc vùng năng lượng và các đặc tính quang học thể hiện rằng cấu trúc mới g-Pnma có khả năng ứng dụng cao trong pin quang điện và detector quang học, tương tự như cấu trúc a-Pnma. Riêng cấu trúc p-cubic thì có thể được phát triển ứng dụng về thiết bị quang điện.
Ảnh hưởng của sucrose và lecithin đến chất lượng tinh trùng thỏ đen Việt Nam bảo quản trong nitơ lỏng
Authors: Trần Thị Thanh Khương , Nguyễn Lâm Khánh Duy , Lê Thị Kim Khôi
Published: August 2024

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là xác định nồng độ sucrose và lecithin phù hợp trong quá trình bảo quản lạnh tinh trùng thỏ đen Việt Nam. Ở thí nghiệm 1, tinh dịch được pha loãng với môi trường bảo quản Tris Citrate Glucose có bổ sung 15% lòng đỏ trứng và sucrose ở 4 nồng độ: 0M, 0,05M, 0,1M và 0,25M. Ở thí nghiệm 2, lòng đỏ trứng được thay thế bằng lecithin trong môi trường bảo quản ở các nồng độ: 1%, 1,5% và 2%. Mẫu được chuyển vào ống trữ tinh và được trữ trong nitơ lỏng (-196ᵒC). Sau 72 giờ được bảo quản, kết quả kiểm tra chất lượng tinh trùng cho thấy, 0,05M sucrose kết hợp với 1,5% lecithin giúp tinh trùng giữ được chất lượng tốt nhất với tỷ lệ di động tổng số, tỷ lệ sống, tính toàn vẹn màng tế bào, toàn vẹn acrosome và khả năng kháng oxy hóa lần lượt 56,39%, 63,74%, 49,04%, 64,43%, 20,41%. Nghiên cứu cho thấy việc kết hợp 0,05M sucrose và 1,5% lecithin trong môi trường bảo quản lạnh có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong nhân giống và bảo tồn thỏ đen Việt Nam.
Khả năng kháng vi sinh vật của cao chiết từ một số giống cam vỏ xanh thu tại Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long và giống cam vỏ vàng nhập ngoại
Authors: Huỳnh Thị Phương Thảo , Hà Thanh Toàn , Trần Chí Nhân , Nguyễn Thị Như Ý , Lưu Thái Danh
Published: August 2024

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm so sánh hiệu quả kháng vi sinh của cao chiết từ ba giống cam vỏ xanh (cam Sành, Xoàn và Mật) và một giống cam vỏ vàng (cam Navel) bằng ngâm dầm và Soxhlet. Hoạt tính kháng vi sinh của cao chiết được đánh giá trên vi khuẩn Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli và nấm Candida albicans. Ở cả hai phương pháp trích ly và 5 chủng vi sinh được khảo sát, cao chiết từ các giống cam vỏ xanh có hoạt tính kháng vi sinh tốt hơn so với giống cam vỏ vàng, trong đó cao chiết cam Xoàn có hoạt tính kháng vi sinh mạnh nhất. Cao chiết bằng ngâm dầm có hoạt tính khánh sinh cao hơn so với cao chiết bằng Soxhlet. Ngoài ra, các loại cao chiết thể hiện khả năng kháng vi sinh hiệu quả hơn đối với vi khuẩn Gram dương (B. cereus, S. aureus) và nấm (C. albicans) so với vi khuẩn Gram âm (P. aeruginosa, E. coli). Tóm lại, cao chiết cam Xoàn bằng ngâm dầm kháng vi sinh mạnh nhất, đặc biệt hiệu quả đối với S. aureus và C. albicans.
Thẩm định quy trình định lượng L-citrulline trong một số loại dưa hấu bằng phương pháp UV-Vis
Authors: Vi Nhã Trân , Trương Huỳnh Anh , Phạm Thúy Nguyên , Nguyễn Thị Hoàng Oanh , Nguyễn Ngọc Trang Thùy , Trần Thị Minh Thư , Lại Quốc Đạt
Published: August 2024

Dưa hấu là một loại trái cây giàu L-citrulline, đặc biệt là trong vỏ quả, L-citrulline giúp cải thiện sức khỏe tim mạch, tăng cường miễn dịch và các lợi ích về sức khỏe tình dục. Phương pháp quang phổ hấp thụ UV-Vis được sử dụng để xác định hàm lượng L-citrulline trong vỏ và thịt quả của bốn loại dưa hấu khác nhau ở bước sóng 490 nm. Kết quả là cả bốn loại dưa hấu khảo sát có hàm lượng L-citrulline trong thịt quả dao động từ 0,580 đến 1,12 mg/g ít hơn hàm lượng L-citrulline trong vỏ dưa hấu (0,76 đến 1,28 mg/g) (căn bản khô). Phương pháp định lượng L-citrulline bằng UV-Vis được thẩm định về độ đặc hiệu, độ tuyến tính, độ lặp và tái lặp, độ đúng, giới hạn phát hiện và giới hạn định lượng. Tất cả kết quả đều có hệ số tương quan R2, độ tin cậy R và giá trị RSD đạt yêu cầu theo quy định AOAC (2016). Do đó phương pháp UV-Vis có thể sử dụng để xác định hàm lượng L-citrulline trong các loại trái cây khác trong tự nhiên.
Chiết xuất betacyanin từ vỏ qủa thanh long (Hylocereus undatus) với sự hỗ trợ của sóng siêu âm: thông số chiết, sự ổn định, và hoạt tính sinh học
Authors: Nguyễn Việt Nhẫn Hòa , Nguyen Truc , Nguyen Anh Tu , Truong Hong Ai , Huynh Thi Cam Dao , Pham Gia My , Nguyễn Quốc Châu Thanh , Lê Minh Nhân , Trần Thanh Tuấn
Published: August 2024

Betacyanin là nhóm chất màu tự nhiên quan trọng dùng để thay thế chất màu tổng hợp do đặc tính bền, không độc hại và có nhiều hoạt tính sinh học có lợi cho sức khỏe. Trong nghiên cứu này, betacyanin từ vỏ quả thanh long ruột trắng (Hylocereus undatus) được chiết bằng ethanol và xử lý siêu âm. Ảnh hưởng của các thông số đến hiệu suất chiết và bền màu của betacyanin  đã được khảo sát. Kết quả cho thấy việc bổ sung các acid hữu cơ vào ethanol làm tăng đáng kể hiệu quả chiết và bền màu của betacyanin, trong đó ascorbic acid hiệu quả hơn citric acid. Điều kiện chiết tốt nhất đạt được là 40% (v/v) ethanol, 0,005 mol/L ascorbic acid, pH 2, 1/20 g/mL tỷ lệ rắn lỏng, 40oC, và 20 phút. Hiệu suất chiết betacyanin là  0,472 mg/g và sự phân hủy màu sau 24 giờ là nhỏ hơn 5%. Cao chiết chứa betacyanin có hoạt tính kháng oxi hóa và gây độc tế bào ung thư biểu bì KB. Như vậy, vỏ quả thanh long là nguồn nguyên liệu tiềm năng để sản xuất betacyanin, mang đến giá trị kinh tế và môi trường.
Nghiên cứu phân lập các hợp chất kháng viêm từ cao chiết phân đoạn n-hexane của sa sâm nam (Launaea sarmentosa)
Authors: Nguyễn Quốc Châu Thanh , Võ Thành Khang , Nguyễn Hửu Khiêm , Tạ Thanh Hồng , Hà Thị Kim Quy , Nguyễn Thị Hồng
Published: August 2024

Nghiên cứu này phân lập và đánh giá hoạt tính kháng viêm của 3 hợp chất từ cao chiết phân đoạn n-hexane của Sa sâm nam (Launaea sarmentosa) thông qua khả năng trung hòa gốc tự do nitric oxide (NO) và ức chế sản phẩm NO từ mô hình đại thực bào RAW264.7 được kích thích bởi LPS. Kết quả cho thấy hợp chất 3 (lutein) thể hiện khả năng ức chế NO cao nhất với giá trị IC50 lần lượt là 23,65 và 29,23 mg/ml. Cấu trúc của các hợp chất được xác định là hỗn hợp của stigmasterol và β-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2) và lutein (3) dựa trên cơ sở phân tích dữ liệu phổ 1D, 2D-NMR, kết hợp với so sánh các dữ liệu phổ đã được công bố. Trong đó, lutein lần đầu tiên được phân lập ở loài Sa sâm nam.
Ảnh hưởng của phương pháp trích ly đến hoạt tính chống oxy hóa của cao chiết từ vỏ quả của bốn giống cam
Authors: Huỳnh Thị Phương Thảo , Hà Thanh Toàn , Trần Chí Nhân , Châu Trùng Dương , Lưu Thái Danh
Published: August 2024

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm so sánh hiệu suất thu hồi, hàm lượng polyphenol tổng số (TPC), flavonoid tổng số (TFC) và khả năng chống oxy hóa của cao chiết từ ba giống cam vỏ xanh (cam Sành, Xoàn và Mật) và giống cam Navel bằng phương pháp chiết ngâm dầm và Soxhlet. Khả năng chống oxy hóa được xác định bằng thử nghiệm DPPH, ABTS, FRAP và RP. Kết quả, hiệu suất thu hồi cao chiết bằng Soxhlet cao hơn ngâm dầm ở bốn giống cam. Cao chiết cam Sành bằng Soxhlet có hiệu suất cao nhất (15,1%) theo sau là cao chiết cam Xoàn (11,1%). Tuy nhiên, TPC và TFC của cao chiết bằng Soxhlet thấp hơn ngâm dầm, lần lượt là 25,8 – 46,7 mg GAE/g và 16,5 – 30,5 mg QE/g. Cao chiết ngâm dầm có khả năng chống oxy hóa ở các thử nghiệm cao hơn Soxhlet. Cao chiết cam Xoàn bằng ngâm dầm và Soxhlet có hàm lượng TPC và TFC cao nhất nhưng cao chiết ngâm dầm có khả năng chống oxy hóa cao nhất. Tóm lại, Soxhlet có hiệu suất thu hồi cao nhưng khả năng chống oxy hóa thấp hơn ngâm dầm.
Physiological responses, growth and productivity of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as affected by boron fertilization
Authors: Prasetiyanto Lukas Priyo , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila , Hanudin Eko
Published: August 2024

Boron (B) is an essential micro nutrient that is needed by oil palms, especially to control productivity. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal dose of B for mature oil palms. The research was conducted at a smallholder oil palm plantation located in Katingan Region, Central Kalimantan Province from January to December 2022. The field experiment was a single factor arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three blocks as replications. The factor tested was the dose of B fertilization, consisting of five doses, namely 0 g. trunk⁻¹. semester⁻¹ (control); 25 g. trunk⁻¹. semester⁻¹; 50 g. trunk⁻¹. semester⁻¹; 75 g. trunk⁻¹. semester⁻¹; and 100 g. trunk⁻¹. semester⁻¹. Observations were done on several variables of micro-weather characteristics at the research site, nutrient and physiological characteristics of leaf, morphological characters and plant growth, and yield and yield components of oil palms. The data obtained were then analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) α=5 %, and data showing significant differences between treatments were tested with an orthogonal polynomial. The results showed that B had positive effects on leaf B, P and K concentration and absorption, leaf chlorophyll content, number of midribs, plant height, leaf area per trunk, leaf area index, crop dry weight, pollen fertility, fruit set, pollen viability, fresh fruit bunch weight (FFB) and FFB productivity. The optimal dose of B to optimize oil palms productivity was 60.24 g. trunk⁻¹. semester⁻¹ with a maximum value of FFB productivity of 6.94 tons. trunk⁻¹. semester⁻¹.
Development of soil characteristics in the UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur experimental field in Wonosalam District, Jombang Regency, East Java
Authors: Aditya Haidar Fari , Wijayanti Fitri
Published: August 2024

Soil characteristic and properties are essential determinants for effective land management. Soil genesis results from the interaction of various pedogenic factors, which are influenced by environmental conditions, thereby producing diverse soil types in different locations. This study was conducted in the Wonosalam sub-district, an area characterized by diverse regional conditions due to its varied physiographic features. The physiographic and climatic conditions in this region significantly influence soil formation processes. This research focused on monitoring soil development at several locations within Wonosalam, specifically at the UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur experimental field. The study included five observation points, categorized by land map units: PW1, PW2, PW3, PW4, and PW5. Morphological analyses indicate the presence of two distinct soil types among the five observation points. The soils in PW1, PW2, PW3, and PW4 are classified under the Alfisols order, specifically within the Typic Hapludalf subgroup. In contrast, the soil at PW5 belongs to the Inceptisols order, specifically the Typic Humudepts subgroup. This diversity suggests that the area encompasses soils of different orders. The soil characteristic data obtained from the UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur experimental field can be utilized as a basis for planning the management of the area.
Keabsahan Perjanjian Jual Beli Tanah dari Objek Tanah Warisan yang Belum Dibagi Berdasarkan KUHPerdata
Authors: Alyssa Adelia  , Ridha Wahyuni
Published: August 2024

Permasalahan kompleks sering kali terjadi dalam proses pengalihan harta warisan berupa hak atas tanah waris. Sengketa hukum masih mungkin terjadi pada perjanjian jual beli tanah warisan yang telah mendapat Akta Jual Beli yang dibuat oleh PPAT apabila perjanjian tersebut tidak mematuhi persyaratan sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui konsekuensi dari keabsahan perjanjian jual beli tanah warisan yang belum dibagi berdasarkan Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata mengenai syarat sah perjanjian. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian normatif yang dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan dan menggunakan sumber data sekunder yang meliputi bahan-bahan hukum primer berupa Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 tentang pendaftaran tanah, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris. Serta bahan-bahan hukum sekunder yaitu literatur, artikel ilmiah yang relevan, dan putusan pengadilan. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis kualitatif yaitu menganalisa bahan dengan teknik penulisan deskriptif dengan menjabarkan secara terperinci dan tersistematis terhadap penyelesaian masalah. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keabsahan perjanjian Jual beli tanah warisan yang belum dibagi diantara para ahli waris almh WO adalah tidak sah karena salah satu persyaratan perjanjian yang telah diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata tidak terpenuhi dan ahli waris yang haknya telah dirugikan dapat melakukan upaya hukum dengan mengajukan gugatan ataupun ganti rugi.
Tradisi Bakar Batu Dalam Perspektif KUHP Baru
Authors: Beniharmoni Harefa  , Salma Agustina  , Supardi
Published: August 2024

Pentingnya penulisan ini yakni guna memahami pelaksanaan tradisi bakar batu di Papua dan menganalisisnya dari perspektif KUHP Baru. Hal ini dikarenakan tradisi tersebut merupakan media penyelesaian konflik yang menjadi penghubung antar pihak berselisih sebagaimana sesuai dengan konsep keadilan restoratif. Tradisi ini dapat memenuhi keadilan yang sesuai dengan naluri kebangsaan sebagaimana mandat dari ideologi negara sehingga dapat merepresentasikan upaya pembinaan hukum nasional dengan menerapkan hukum baru melalui Pasal 2 sebagai bagian dari pembaharuan KUHP. Berdasarkan pada pembaharuan KUHP, dimungkinkannya pemberlakuan the living law dengan batasan pemberlakuannya. Adapun tradisi bakar batu merupakan tradisi yang hidup di dalam masyarakat Papua sebagai tradisi yang digunakan sebagai penyelesaian konflik dalam perkara pidana maupun perkara adat. Adapun objek kajian pada penulisan hukum normatif ini adalah penemuan hukum in concreto dengan pendekatan statute dan conceptual. Pendekatan statute digunakan karena penulis mengkaji KUHP Baru tepatnya pada Pasal 2 mengenai the living law. Sedangkan pendekatan conceptual untuk memahami konsep tradisi bakar batu dan keterkaitannya dengan prinsip-prinsip atau norma yang berlaku di masyarakat. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Adapun hasil penulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan tradisi bakar batu adalah sanksi adat sebagai penyelesaian perkara yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bentuk pemidanaan terhadap perbuatan yang dinyatakan terlarang berdasarkan the living law yang diatur pada Pasal 2 dengan membayarkan denda. Selain itu, tradisi bakar batu sesuai dengan limitasi yang juga diatur pada Pasal 2 KUHP Baru yang pada intinya tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip atau norma yang berlaku di masyarakat.