bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Substituted Cerium as a Potential Osteoporotic Bone Filler
Authors: Windarti Tri , Nulandaya Limpat , Widjijono Widjijono , Nuryono Nuryono
Published: March 2023

Biphasic calcium phosphate substituted cerium (BCP/Ce) is a potential material for osteoporotic bone filler. Synthesis of BCP/Ce was conducted by the sol-gel method. This work aimed to study the influence of cerium as a precursor on the crystal structures, surface properties, and agglomeration of BCP/Ce. A series of samples were prepared by various Ce percentages (0.5–16%) and a constant molar ratio of (Ca + Ce)/P = 1.2. A structural study by Rietveld refinement calculation confirmed that synthesis without Ce produced BCP that contained hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) at a ratio of 93:7. The presence of Ce increased β-TCP content to 73% for the use of Ce 8%. None of Ca in the HA structure was replaced by Ce. Otherwise, Ce replaced Ca in β-TCP structure by isomorphic substitution at the Wyckoff site of 6a (0,0,-0.085) or Ca (4) position. As the maximum occupancy of Ca (4) = 43%, about 17% of that was substituted by Ce for the use of 14% Ce. Ce was found in two states as Ce3+ and Ce4+ ions with Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio > 1. The presence of Ce on the particle surface caused a change in the particle shape, from plate-like to spherical. The particle size decreased to <100 nm with the increase of Ce content. The rise of Ce content in BCP decreased the luminescent property due to the increase of oxygen vacancies. The negative value of Zeta potential confirms that BCP/Ce surface can accommodate bone cell proliferation.
Pressurized Liquid Extraction for the Recovery of Carotenoids and Functional Compounds from Green and Orange Dunaliella salina Biomasses
Authors: Yaiche Achour Hafsa , Blanco Llamero Cristina , Saadi Sid Ahmed , Bouras Noureddine , Zitouni Abdelghani , Señoráns Javier
Published: March 2023

In recent years, intensive research has been conducted on natural carotenoids extraction using several processes. Conventional extraction methods require high amounts of solvents and a long extraction time. However, pressurized liquid extraction demonstrated to be an interesting method. The extraction efficiencies of pressurized liquid for the recovery of carotenoids, from the green and the orange biomasses of the microalga Dunaliella salina DunaDZ1, are described. Organic solvents were tested including ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and a mixture of n-hexane:ethanol (3:4). Moreover, three extraction temperatures were used (90, 120 and 150 °C) at constant pressure. Extraction efficiency and extracts characterization were conducted. Results have shown that temperature has a positive effect on extraction yield. HPLC characterization showed that β-carotene is the main carotenoid in the orange biomass, and lutein in the green biomass, with the presence of other minor carotenoids in both biomasses. The highest carotenoid amounts were found in the n-hexane orange biomass extract, with β-carotene isomers as the main carotenoid (138.54 and 357.10 mg/g of dry extract, for cis and trans isomers, respectively). Otherwise, extracts obtained at the lowest tested temperature provided the best carotenoid yields. The best results for the antioxidant activity were obtained at 120 °C for orange biomass ethyl acetate extract.
Instytucja upoważnionego podmiotu gospodarczego w Ukrainie: możliwości zwiększenia konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw w ramach integracji europejskiej
Authors: Adamiv Marta
Published: March 2023

Wprowadzenie instytucji upoważnionego podmiotu gospodarczego lub też upoważnionego przedsiębiorcy (AEO) w Ukrainie miało miejsce w 2020 r. w kontekście realizacji zobowiązań wynikających z zawarcia Układu o stowarzyszeniu z Unią Europejską (UE). W UE status AEO znacznie zwiększa konkurencyjność przedsiębiorstw na rynkach międzynarodowych, ponieważ zapewnia organom celnym wiele korzyści i uproszczeń w zakresie kontroli oraz odpraw celnych towarów, a także poprawia reputację przedsiębiorstwa jako wiarygodnego partnera. Głównym celem opisanych w niniejszym artykule badań jest analiza tendencji rozwojowych w zakresie AEO w Ukrainie wkontekście integracji europejskiej. Analiza ta umożliwi wskazanie – na podstawie doświadczeń europejskich i międzynarodowych – kluczowych problemów w badanej dziedzinie oraz sposobów ich rozwiązania. Przyczyni się do rozszerzenia upoważnień ukraińskich przedsiębiorstw AEO, a tym samym zwiększy ich konkurencyjność na rynku unijnym i międzynarodowym.
The Impact of Covid-19 on Dental Hygiene and Students' Academic Self-Efficacy Loneliness on Smartphone Overdependence
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Kim Da-Hui , Yun Mi-Hae
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationships between smartphone addiction, academic self-efficacy, and loneliness among dental hygienist students and use the findings as a basic data to prevent the students’ smartphone addiction.
Methods: A total of 232 dental hygienist students attending to School of Dentistry in Seoul, Gyeonggi, or Chungcheong were included in this study.
Results: The results of the study showed that loneliness (β=0.202) was contributing the most to the dental hygienist students’ smartphone addiction, followed by academic self-efficacy (β=0.196) and self-reported smartphone addiction (β=-0.178).
Conclusions: Further research is recommended on investigation of various factors that influence smartphone addiction during the COVID-19 pandemic, development of counselling centres for the dental hygienist students, and personalized counselling program for prevention of smartphone addiction.
Influencing Factors of College Student Burnout in Dental Hygiene Students
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, You Eun-Ji , Ji Min-Kyung , Min Hee-Hong
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study aims to identify factors that lower school life burnout by identifying the effects of dental hygiene students' major satisfaction, positive psychological capital, and clinical practice stress on school life burnout, and to suggest ways to increase satisfaction with students' school life.
Methods: From August 1 to 30, 2022, 250 dental hygiene students with clinical practice experience were conveniently extracted from among dental hygiene students in Chungcheong, Gyeongsang, and Jeolla regions, and questionnaires were distributed to those who agreed to fill out the data.
Results: Factors influencing school life burnout of students majoring in dental hygiene showed significant relationships in positive psychological capital, major satisfaction, and clinical practice stress, and the explanatory power was 37.5%.
Conclusions: As a result, it seems necessary to develop a psychological education program that can improve major satisfaction and positive psychological capital, reduce clinical practice stress, and reduce school life exhaustion in order to control the factors affecting dental hygiene students' school life exhaustion.
A Study on Surface Contamination Investigation of Wired and Wireless Computer Mouse Used in Dental Unit Chair
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Choi Yu-Ri , Lee Su-Jung , Choi Mi-Sook , Nam Seoul-Hee
Published: March 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide the importance of surface management through the identification of bacteria detected on the surface of a computer mouse attached to a dental unit chair.
Methods: After rubbing with a sterilized cotton swab in the center of the left mouse button in the range of 1 cm × 1 cm, it was immediately put into 1.5 mL of sterile saline. colony forming units (CFUs) grown on Lysogeny broth (LB) agar plates were analyzed through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Results: About 8 types of bacteria, gram-negative and gram-positive, were detected on the surface of the computer mouse attached to the dental unit chair.
Conclusions: Infection control in the dental office should be prevented through surface contamination management of computer mouse attached to dental unit chairs.
The Effects of Dental Hygiene Students' Problem Solving Ability and Elderly Related Education Experience on Empathy for the Elderly
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Jang Kyeung-Ae , Kim Yu-Rin
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effect of senior-related education experience and problem-solving ability on the ability of dental hygiene students to empathize with the elderly.
Methods: This study surveyed students attending dental hygiene departments in some areas of Daegu, Busan, and Ulsan Metropolitan City in Korea.
Results: Education experience related to the elderly and the sub-factors of problem-solving ability affected empathy for the elderly among dental hygiene students. Divergent thinking (p<0.001), information collection (p<0.001), execution and risk taking (p<0.001), oral education experience with the elderly (p<0.01), and problem.
Conclusions: Effective oral care for the elderly, problem-solving skills, and educational programs related to the elderly will be needed to increase empathy for the elderly among dental hygiene students.
Pelatihan Aktivitas Sosial pada Lansia untuk Mendukung Kemandirian Kesehatan
Authors: Yuniartika Wachidah , Nofandrilla Nieldya , Mangifera Liana , Musalamah Siti , Damayanti Silvianita , Ajie Anjani Bharata
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this community service is to increase the independence of the elderly through social activities. This activity was carried out at Posyandu Purbosari 2 and Purbosari 7, Purbayan Village, Sukoharjo regency. Central Java. The target in this activity is the elderly, who actively visit the Purbosari 2 posyandu with 19 elderly people and the Purbosari 7 posyandu with 22 elderly people. The elderly who participated in this activity were all female. This activity will be carried out during May–August 2022. The activity began with a pre-test on the level of independence and knowledge of the elderly, followed by health education, training on making Holahoop Dormants (foot pads), and post-test. The questionnaire used in this devotion uses the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaire consisting of 7 questions and a knowledge questionnaire consisting of 10 questions that have been modified by the devotion team using a guttman scale. The results of the evaluation carried out on the two pre-test posyandu showed good knowledge of 22 people and the post-test good knowledge of 31 people. Level of independence showed independent pre-test results of 26 people and post-test results of 39 people. The suggestion from this community service should be continued by cadres in helping the elderly increase independence by regularly inviting the elderly to make handicrafts and do gymnastics.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan serta Pemeriksaan Kadar Hemoglobin dan Protein Urin pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Bekti Heri Setiyo , Dharmawati I Gusti Agung Ayu , Suyasa Ida Bagus Oka
Published: March 2023

Adolescence is an age stage that comes after childhood ends which is characterized by rapid growth with an age range of 10-19 years. Teenage girls are generally more prone to anemia than teenage boys. This community service activity aims to provide education to teenage girls about anemia and laboratory tests such as Hb levels and urine protein as an effort to provide health services to teenage girls at SMPN 1 Ubud, Gianyar. The method of implementing this activity includes counseling about anemia, checking Hb levels, and urine protein examination, as well as pre-test and post-test to determine the level of knowledge of teenage girls about anemia. From the results of the examination of 34 respondents, it was found that 29.4% had anemia and none of the respondents had proteinuria. As many as 94% of respondents have a good level of knowledge about anemia. There needs to be a role from family, school, and government to improve the health status of teenage girls such as giving blood tablets regularly to avoid anemia.
Rare (Earth) Elements
Authors: Mendéz Camilo
Published: March 2023

Rare (Earth) Elements is a cycle of works for solo piano. The cycle was inspired by James Dillon's Book of Elements (Vol. I-V). The complete cycle will consist of 14 pieces; one for each selected rare (earth) element. The chosen elements are Neodymium, Erbium, Tellurium, Hafnium, Tantalum, Technetium, Indium, Dysprosium, Lanthanium, Cerium, Europium, Terbium, Yttrium and Darmstadtium. These elements were selected due to their special atomic properties that in many cases make them extremely valuable for the development of new technologies, and also because of their scarcity. To date, only 4 works have been completed Yttrium, Technetium, Indium and Tellurium.
A preparação do regente na construção da sonoridade orquestral
Authors: Gomes Hermes Coelho , Östergren Eduardo Augusto
Published: March 2023

Este artigo é uma breve reflexão sobre a preparação do regente no trabalho de construção da sonoridade orquestral. Uma orquestra, com suas diversas possibilidades de formação instrumental e atuação, conta, individualmente, com músicos de alta qualidade interpretativa, entretanto, seu resultado sonoro está intimamente ligado à competência do regente em transmitir suas ideias aos músicos, fundamentada em seu estudo individual, anterior ao primeiro ensaio e sua capacidade de comunicação, principalmente durante o perí­odo de preparação. O artigo aponta, de forma pragmática, elementos para o estudo e a preparação do regente e ainda indica possibilidades técnicas adicionais propondo caminhos, como ferramentas, que o auxiliem na execução de sua tarefa de condução.
Nzikitanza – A piece on the resistance against the MUOS in Niscemi, Sicily
Authors: Messina Marcello
Published: March 2023

Nzikitanza for accordion, violin, cello and tape was written in 2012 as a reflection on the deployment of Sicilian territory for NATO and US military operations. In particular, the piece was inspired by the then newly formed resistance committee against the MUOS in Niscemi. This brief commentary will illustrate a priori and a posteriori reflections on the status of the piece as a contribution to forms of antagonistic culture.
Fedra
Authors: Campesato Lilian
Published: March 2023

Obra para: Dossiê Músicas feitas por mulheres para ressoar em todos os corpos – Org: BONAFÉ, Valéria.
O universo sonoro de Plauto Cruz: obra e trajetória artí­stica em diálogo com a cidade de Porto Alegre
Authors: Parada Paulo , Braga Reginaldo Gil
Published: March 2023

Plauto Cruz gravou diversos fonogramas lançados em discos e não existem iniciativas de catalogação, registro e difusão de sua obra. Nascido em São Jerônimo, RS no ano de 1929, Plauto atuou em múltiplos meios artí­sticos: rádios, festivais, gravações autorais, bares e casas noturnas. Consideramos aqui a necessidade premente de organização de sua obra, priorizando a convivência com Plauto Cruz e sua famí­lia para obter dados precisos e sensí­veis sobre sua trajetória artí­stica. Assim apresentamos neste artigo os principais componentes afetivos do universo musical do flautista para difundir sua obra. Baseando-nos nas histórias de vida como a reconstituição das lembranças, as narrativas dos entrevistados e os respectivos aspectos psicossociais, buscamos recompor a trajetória artí­stica de Plauto Cruz e do grupo de chorões contemporâneos a ele na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul.
Gesture as a metaphorical process: an exploration through musical composition
Authors: Carvalho Sara
Published: March 2023

From the current literature review it is clear that there isn't one shared definition of gesture. Studies of instrumental gesture are often related to body awareness, which is often not considered in traditional musical analysis. Departing from Ramstein's functional and intrinsic approaches to gesture, and Delalande's 2nd and 3rd level gesture categorization, this article aims to discuss, and give examples, on how different gestures were incorporated in the author's music, specifically a contemporary music composition. The objective is to analyse the use of gesture in a musical context, as a compositional metaphorical process. The conclusions suggest that for any given gesture there are multiple ideas, each of which can expand the concept of performance and composition.
Memorização, Percepção Musical e Cognição – Oito questionamentos do dia-a-dia
Authors: Caregnato Caroline
Published: March 2023

Memorização é uma atividade praticada por músicos e ouvintes em seu cotidiano e, como não poderia deixar de ser, também em situações de ensino de Música como as encontradas na aula de Percepção Musical. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir um grupo de oito questionamentos envolvendo a memorização no contexto da Percepção Musical, partindo, para tanto, da revisão de pesquisas realizadas no campo da Cognição Musical. Os pontos debatidos ao longo do trabalho dizem respeito à possibilidade da memória musical de reter informações especí­ficas, à existência de diferentes tipos de memória, à possibilidade de desenvolvimento da memorização em música, à relação entre memória e pensamento, à interferência da quantidade de repetições, do tamanho e do andamento da música na memorização e, por fim, à ocorrência de alterações coerentes na memória musical.
Melchior Cortez e a Academia Brasileira de Violão: uma página do ensino do instrumento na primeira metade do século XX
Authors: Amorim Humberto
Published: March 2023

O artigo objetiva trazer luz à atividade pedagógica desempenhada pelo violonista Melchior Cortez, no Rio de Janeiro, ao longo das décadas iniciais do século XX, com foco na criação da sua Academia Brasileira de Violão e no ensino do "violão clássico" para mulheres, além de uma breve análise sobre os seus dois métodos publicados pela casa argentina Romero y Fernandez. Através da pesquisa documental em jornais e revistas do período, foi possível levantar cerca de 60 fontes inéditas (entre matérias e fotos), além de 11 partituras distribuídas em acervos diversos. Os resultados apontam para uma significativa inserção deste personagem - ainda tão pouco conhecido na literatura sobre o tema - no panorama musical de seu tempo, incluindo uma posição de prestígio como professor de violão nos círculos da imprensa e da "alta sociedade" .
Carinhoso de Pixinguinha para cavaquinho, por Messias Britto: idiomatismo ampliado e texturas variadas em planos musicais simultâneos
Authors: Orosco Maurício , Milhomem Rafael
Published: March 2023

Este artigo aborda o arranjo de Messias Britto para cavaquinho solo do choroCarinhoso, de Pixinguinha, comentando suas soluções técnicas e musicais para a obtenção de planos musicais simultâneos no instrumento. Para tanto, partimos do entendimento das fases musicais no choro, pelas quais passou o instrumento visando a entender esta tendência atual, aqui representada por Messias Brito. Em seguida, analisamos alguns procedimentos idiomáticos para a obtenção de planos simultâneos no instrumento, bem como o uso estrutural destes no arranjo em questão.
El landó y sus posibilidades en la guitarra: dilucidando un ethos performativo
Authors: Llanos Fernando Elías , Wolff Daniel
Published: March 2023

El artí­culo propone una breve revisión sobre un ritmo de la costa peruana fuertemente asociado y reivindicado por el ethos estético y polí­tico de las familias negras de ese paí­s andino. Partiendo del presupuesto que el landó es una construcción performativa en el seno de una comunidad musical concentrada en la ciudad de Lima, analizaremos referencias discográficas de este estilo, deconstruyendo su gramática composicional y deteniéndonos en el guitarrista negro Félix Casaverde (1947-2011). A partir de este último, buscaremos explorar las potencialidades y peculiaridades interpretativas resultantes de las versiones para guitarra solista de este género.
APROXIMAÇÕES ENTRE ARTE, EDUCAÇÃO E AGROECOLOGIA EM PROJETOS ARTÍSTICOS
Authors: Santiago Debora Maria
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho visa refletir sobre as relações entre projetos artí­sticos e processos educativos em dois projetos realizados em Curitiba pelos artistas Jorge Menna Barreto e Faetuza Tezelli que se deram através de práticas colaborativas. Reflexões sobre a relação com o lugar onde ocorreram as ações e as atividades agroecológicas realizadas pelos participantes serão discutidas para propor aproximações entre arte e educação.
CAMINANTES: ENUNCIAÇÕES PEDESTRES
Authors: Silva Camila Damasceno
Published: March 2023

Esse trabalho é um primeiro passo na busca por aproximar criações visuais e dramatúrgicas a partir de algo em comum entre elas e primordial para suas produções: a criação de imagens poéticas. Primeiramente, vamos abordar questões relativas ao processo de quebras de paradigmas verificado no decorrer da chamada performative turn, traçando o percurso sob um olhar que mira tal virada a partir de questões relacionadas diretamente às artes da cena. Após esta introdução, nos encontraremos com as reflexões de Michel de Certau e sua abordagem do caminhar como prática enunciativa. Certeau, desta forma, será nossa ponte para encontrar os artistas visuais Robert Smithson, Hamish Fulton e Francis Alÿs, sempre observando seus gestos e passos a partir de questões trazidas pelo pensamento de alguns outros interlocutores, como Gaston Bachelard, Jacques Rancière e Jacopo Crivelli Visconti. O recorte apresentado busca uma abordagem interdisciplinar da criação de imagens poéticas nas artes visuais e nas artes da cena. Serão apresentadas, também, as primeiras questões que indicam os passos futuros, na direção da elaboração do conceito de "dramaturgo-performer" , como tentativa de responder questões relacionadas às práticas alternativas de criação dramatúrgica, que não seguem um cânone que a define somente como produção textual para ser encenada. Entendendo dramaturgia enquanto articuladora de processos, discursos, imagens poéticas, sentidos e sensações e não somente como produtora de uma materialidade textual, o conceito pretendido não se limita a um manual de dramaturgia performativa, mas, antes, apresenta-se como uma proposta de modos de habitar este campo. Neste percurso, ainda encontraremos os pensamentos de Hannah Arendt e Rosalyn Deutsche na tentativa de começar a traçar conexões entre as práticas performativas das artes da cena e das artes visuais contemporâneas. Desta forma, buscamos contextualizar o projeto "Caminantes: Enunciações Pedestres" no âmbito das discussões sobre performatividade e práticas artí­sticas na (re)construção de esferas públicas.
Aquarelas exibem todas as Mulheres do Mundo
Authors: Fasani Priscilla Porto Nascimento
Published: March 2023

Este artigo tem como objeto a obraCorpos em exposição (2018),apresentada no Salão Noví­ssimos por Renata Nassur. A artista surpreende o interator ao atuar nas invisibilidades. Dialogando comVerso (2018),contempla o público e o privado e os princí­pios de prazer e realidade. Assume uma preocupação ética ao problematizar modos de existência na contemporaneidade.
Différences Coloniales – Fronteiras Culturais – Biogeografias e Exterioridades dos Saberes
Authors: Bessa-Oliveira Marcos Antônio
Published: March 2023

O que dizer de sujeitos contemporâneos, diversidade e transculturação do lugar que toma um "color" discursivo enunciativo, como diria Mignolo (2003), por diversalidade outra, sobretudo porque nesse lócus fronteiriço de onde falo, pautado em práticas artí­sticas, a divers(al)idade, a (trans)(cultura)(ação) entre os lugares geofí­sicos e os sujeitos "” as biogeográficas "” estão sempre em movimentos de (e)(i)migrações. As demandas culturais contemporâneas situam-nos em lugares de conceitos e pré-conceitos. Nas produções em artes tais demandas não o são diferentes. Especialmente pensar em produções artí­sticas (crí­ticas, práticas e pedagógicas) de um lócus enunciativo encravado na trí­plice fronteira (Brasil/Paraguai/Bolí­via): caso de Mato Grosso do Sul. Logo, deve haver teórico e criticamente uma preocupação dos artistas, teóricos, crí­ticos e professores das artes em conceituar esses "˜agoras' das/nas grafias (discursivas, porquanto) que nos obrigam situar – já, as (e)(i)migrações biogeográficas – desigualdades, identidades, pluralismos e culturas de uma(s) perspectiva epistemológica que melhor contempla as "idas" /"vindas" da contemporaneidade. Nesse sentido, digo que o mundo todo está trans(itando)culturando na atualidade. Seja por necessidade, seja voluntária, as biogeografias estão transladando continentes – por mar, ar ou por terra – em busca de igualdades, identidades (de pertencimentos), pluralidades e liberdades culturais. Por isso, reflito a partir de algumas epistemologias contemporâneas, tomadas como método contramoderno de argumentação de pensar a partir de (fronteiras biogeográficas culturais), discursos, espaços, histórias e memórias que erigem em situ-ações outras. Tais perspectivas epistemológicas, se, por um lado, podem até não dialogar entre si, por outro elas me são pertinentes na (não)conversa, mas como conversação, tendo em vista meu lugar biogeográfico – de onde falo e das produções que quero meu discurso compreendido – a (in)compreensão do (extra)(nho)(ngeiro) é condição para sobrevi(da)vência na fronteira. Ou seja, é na (in)compreensão ou na ambiguidade da visada moderna desses que esse lócus e sujeitos biogeográficos sobre-vivem.
Programa Residência Pedagógica: motivações, experiências e contribuições a partir da percepção de residentes e preceptores de Educação Física
Authors: Machado de Asambuja Wellerson , Fernandes Martins João Francisco , Soares Renata Godinho , Vilanova Ilha Phillip , Copetti Jaqueline
Published: March 2023

O presente estudo trata sobre a formação de professores enquanto licenciandos em Educação Física, e também quanto à formação continuada de professores da educação básica, através do Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP). Busca-se com o presente estudo, identificar as percepções dos residentes e preceptores do núcleo de Educação Física do PRP-UNIPAMPA quanto às motivações, experiências e contribuições do programa para com os mesmos. Caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com caráter exploratório descritivo, fizeram parte do estudo apenas os participantes do módulo II do Programa. Como instrumento de coleta de informações, foi elaborado pelos autores um formulário no Google Forms que foi encaminhado aos participantes via WhatsApp para que os mesmos pudessem fazer suas contribuições de forma voluntária com a pesquisa. Os principais resultados levantados evidenciam a expectativa dos residentes em adquirir aprendizado e experiência, vivenciando a realidade escolar e desenvolvendo a regência de classe o que os proporcionou um crescimento profissional, já para os preceptores as motivações e expectativas com o programa estiveram relacionadas com o desenvolvimento profissional docente e contribuição na formação dos residentes.
Effect of β-blockers on mortality in patients with sepsis: A propensity-score matched analysis
Authors: Ge Cheng-Long , Zhang Li-Na , Ai Yu-Hang , Chen Wei , Ye Zhi-Wen , Zou Yu , Peng Qian-Yi
Published: March 2023

Objectives

We aimed to evaluate the association between β-blocker therapy and mortality in patients with sepsis.

Methods

Patients with sepsis were selected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the baseline differences. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to assess the relationship between β-blocker therapy and mortality. The primary outcome was the 28-day mortality.

Results

A total of 12,360 patients were included in the study, involving 3,895 who received β-blocker therapy and 8,465 who did not. After PSM, 3,891 pairs of patients were matched. The results showed that β-blockers were associated with improved 28- (hazards ratio (HR) 0.78) and 90-day (HR 0.84) mortality. Long-acting β-blockers were associated with improved 28-day survival (757/3627 [20.9%] vs. 583/3627 [16.1%], P < 0.001, HR0.76) and 90-day survival (1065/3627 [29.4%] vs.921/3627 [25.4%], P < 0.001, HR 0.77). Short-acting β-blocker treatment did not reduce the 28-day and 90-day mortality (61/264 [23.1%] vs. 63/264 [23.9%], P = 0.89 and 83/264 [31.4%] vs. 89/264 [31.7%], P = 0.8, respectively).

Conclusions

β-blockers were associated with improved 28- and 90-day mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Long-acting β-blocker therapy may have a protective role in patients with sepsis, reducing the 28-day and 90-day mortality. However, short-acting β-blocker (esmolol) treatment did not reduce the mortality in sepsis.
Comprehensive analysis of atherosclerotic plaques reveals crucial genes and molecular mechanisms associated with plaque progression and rupture
Authors: Zhu Guoqi , Gao Yanhua , Qian Jun , Lai Yan , Lin Hao , Liu Chengxing , Chen Fei , Liu Xuebo
Published: March 2023

Background

Plaque rupture and acute atherothrombosis, resulting from continued progression of atherosclerotic plaques (APs), are major contributors to acute clinical events such as stroke or myocardial infarction. This article aimed to explore the gene signatures and potential molecular mechanisms in the progression and instability of APs and to identify novel biomarkers and interventional targets for AP rupture.

Methods

The microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and grouped into discovery and validation cohorts. In the discovery cohort, Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis was performed for finding co-expression modules, and the Metascape database was used to perform functional enrichment analysis. Differential Expression Genes analysis subsequently was performed in the validation cohort for verification of the obtained results. Common genes were introduced into Metascape database for protein–protein interaction and functional enrichment analysis. We constructed the miRNAs–mRNAs network with the hub genes. Moreover, gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from peripheral blood of patients with plaque rupture were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing, and the diagnostic power of hub genes was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results

In the discovery cohort, the brown module in GSE28829 and the turquoise module in GSE163154 were the most significant co-expression modules. Functional enrichment analysis of shared genes suggested that “Neutrophil degranulation” was the most significantly enriched pathway. These conclusions were also demonstrated by the validation cohort. A total of 16 hub genes were identified. The miRNA–mRNA network revealed that hsa-miR-665 and hsa-miR-512-3p might regulate the “Neutrophil degranulation” pathway through PLAU and SIRPA, which might play a significant role in AP progression and instability. Five hub genes, including PLAUR, FCER1G, PLAU, ITGB2, and SLC2A5, showed significantly increased expression in PBMCs from patients with plaque rupture compared with controls. ROC analysis finally identified three hub genes PLAUR, FCER1G, and PLAU that could effectively distinguish patients with APs rupture from controls.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that the “neutrophil degranulation” signaling pathways and identified novel mRNA and miRNA candidates are closely associated with plaque progression and instability. The hub genes FCER1G, PLAUR, and PLAU may serve as biomarkers for the prospective prediction of AP rupture.
Google Trends for health research: Its advantages, application, methodological considerations, and limitations in psychiatric and mental health infodemiology
Authors: Alibudbud Rowalt
Published: March 2023

The high utilization of infodemiological tools for psychiatric and mental health topics signals the emergence of a new discipline. Drawing on the definition of infodemiology by Eysenbach, this emerging field can be termed “psychiatric and mental health infodemiology,” defined as the science of distribution and determinants of information in an electronic medium, including the internet, or in a population to inform mental health services and policies. Since Google Trends is one of its popular tools, this minireview describes its advantages, application, methodological considerations, and limitations in psychiatric and mental health research. The advantage of Google Trends is the nature of its data, which may represent the actual behavior rather than their users' stated preferences in real-time through automatic anonymization. As such, it can provide readily available data about sensitive health topics like mental disorders. Therefore, Google Trends has been used to explore public concerns, interests, and behaviors about psychiatric and mental health phenomena, service providers, and specific disciplines. In this regard, several methodological can be considered by studies using Google Trends, including documenting their exact keywords, query category, time range, location, and date of retrieval. Likewise, its limitations should be accounted for in its interpretation, including restricted representation of people who use the Google search engine, limited validity in areas with low internet penetration or freedom of speech, does not provide absolute search volumes, unknown sampled queries, and limited transparency in its algorithm, especially the terms and idioms it subsumes under its “topic” keywords.
Data driven analysis of atmospheric methane concentrations as function of geographic, land cover type and season
Authors: Karoff Christoffer , Vara-Vela Angel Liduvino
Published: March 2023

Over the last decade we have witnessed a rapid, so far unexplained, increase in the emission of methane to the atmosphere and this increase could lead to an acceleration of the ongoing climate changes. The increase is likely to originate from agriculture, but oil and gas production as well as wetlands are also under suspicion. The best way to quantify the emission of methane and other greenhouse gasses to our atmosphere is by using space based remote sensing. Here, we analyse 3 years of measurements of the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of methane from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument on Sentinel-5P obtained with two different retrieval methods in order to evaluate the dependency on geographic, land cover type and season. The land cover types were obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard the Terra and Aqua satellites and from the World Cover data product using observations from the Copernicus Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 missions. The analysis reveals that while the highest methane concentrations are generally found over croplands, the lowest are generally found over shrublands, which is in agreement with expectations. It is more surprising that the analysis also reveals lower than average methane concentrations over wetlands as wetlands are generally thought to be a major source of methane emission. Until this discrepancy is resolved the methane concentration over wetlands from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument on Sentinel-5P should be handled with caution. It is also found that the annual methane cycle, as seen in the measured methane concentrations, for croplands, shrublands and savannas is delayed in Africa compared to Asia.
High-fat diet causes undesirable bone regeneration by altering the bone marrow environment in rats
Authors: Cai Feiyu , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang , Liu Kai , Chen Wenjiao , Zhao Ruomei , Liu Yanshi , Liu Yi
Published: March 2023

Objective

Diet structure has changed greatly over the last few decades, and high-calorie diets have become an integral part of people’s daily diet, as well as the important cause of obesity in society. Several organ systems, including the skeletal system, are seriously affected by high-fat-diets (HFD) in the world. There is, however, still a lack of knowledge about the effects of HFD on bone regeneration and the possible mechanisms involved. In this study, the difference in bone regeneration between rats under HFD and low-fat-diets (LFD) was evaluated by monitoring the process of bone regeneration in distraction osteogenesis (DO) model animals, as well as the possible mechanisms.

Methods

A total of 40 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (5 weeks old) were randomly divided into HFD group (n=20) and LFD group (n=20). Except for feeding methods, there were no differences between the two groups in terms of treatment conditions. All animals received the DO surgery eight weeks after starting to feed. After a delay of 5 days (latency phase), the active lengthening phase was performed for 10 days (0.25 mm/12 h), and the consolidation phase followed for 42 days. An observational study of bone included radioscopy (once a week), micro-computed tomography (CT), general morphology, biomechanics, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry.

Result

The results showed that HFD group had a higher body weight than LFD group after 8, 14, and 16 weeks of feeding. Furthermore, at the final observation, there were statistically significant differences between LFD group and HFD group in terms of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Additionally, observations on bone regeneration showed a slower regeneration and a lower biomechanical strength in HFD group than LFD group, based on radiography, micro-CT, general morphology, biomechanics, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion

In this study, HFD resulted in elevated blood lipids, increased adipose differentiation at the bone marrow level, and delayed bone regeneration. The pieces of evidence are beneficial to better understand the association between diet and bone regeneration and to adjust the diet optimally for fracture patients.
Axonal transport deficits in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Yang Cunqing , Zhao Xuefei , An Xuedong , Zhang Yuehong , Sun Wenjie , Zhang Yuqing , Duan Yingying , Kang Xiaomin , Sun Yuting , Jiang Linlin , Lian Fengmei
Published: March 2023

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic and prevalent metabolic disease that gravely endangers human health and seriously affects the quality of life of hyperglycemic patients. More seriously, it can lead to amputation and neuropathic pain, imposing a severe financial burden on patients and the healthcare system. Even with strict glycemic control or pancreas transplantation, peripheral nerve damage is difficult to reverse. Most current treatment options for DPN can only treat the symptoms but not the underlying mechanism. Patients with long-term diabetes mellitus (DM) develop axonal transport dysfunction, which could be an important factor in causing or exacerbating DPN. This review explores the underlying mechanisms that may be related to axonal transport impairment and cytoskeletal changes caused by DM, and the relevance of the latter with the occurrence and progression of DPN, including nerve fiber loss, diminished nerve conduction velocity, and impaired nerve regeneration, and also predicts possible therapeutic strategies. Understanding the mechanisms of diabetic neuronal injury is essential to prevent the deterioration of DPN and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Timely and effective improvement of axonal transport impairment is particularly critical for the treatment of peripheral neuropathies.
Post-fire recovery of soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen, soil nutrients, and soil erodibility in rotational shifting cultivation in Northern Thailand
Authors: Arunrat Noppol , Sereenonchai Sukanya , Kongsurakan Praeploy , Iwai Chuleemas Boonthai , Yuttitham Monthira , Hatano Ryusuke
Published: March 2023

The hill tribes in Thailand traditionally depend on rotational shifting cultivation (RSC). However, insufficient understanding remains on post-fire soil properties and soil erodibility (k-values) with fallow years. To address this gap, the levels of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (STN), soil nutrients, and soil erodibility after fire in RSC were investigated. Topsoil (0–10 cm) samples from sites with 4 (RSC-4Y), 5 (RSC-5Y), and 7 (RSC-7Y) fallow years in Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand, were taken at four time points: before burning, 5 min after burning, 9 months after burning, and 2 years after burning. Soil pH, electrical conductivity, and soil nutrient (available P, K, and Ca) levels were increased after burning and remained higher than the pre-burning levels for at least 2 years. The SOC stock decreased after burning in all fallow fields. At 2 years after burning, the SOC stock in RSC-4Y was higher than before burning, whereas in RSC-5Y and RSC-7Y, the levels had not reached the pre-fire levels. The STN stocks of all studied fields significantly decreased after burning and had not reached the pre-burning levels after 2 years. After burning, the topsoil of RSC-4Y was most susceptible to erosion. However, only in RSC-4Y, the k-value was unchanged at 2 years after burning. Three different approaches are recommended for post-fire land management: 1) farmers should not cut and remove the weeds and grasses at the soil surface, 2) burning should be performed around late winter or early summer (November–February) to inhibit complete combustion, and 3) contour-felled log erosion barriers should be made by using the trunks remaining after the fire to trap the sediment and slow down surface runoff.
Fine root biomass and morphology in a temperate forest are influenced more by canopy water addition than by canopy nitrogen addition
Authors: Li Wen , Wang Chuang , Liu Haowei , Wang Wenqian , Sun Ruomin , Li Mengke , Shi Yifei , Zhu Dandan , Du Wenzhi , Ma Lei , Fu Shenglei
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Increasing atmospheric N deposition and changes in precipitation patterns could profoundly impact forest community structure and ecosystem functions. However, most N and water (W) addition experiments have focused on direct N application to leaf litter or soil, neglecting canopy processes such as leaf evaporation and absorption.

Methods

In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of atmospheric N deposition and increased precipitation on the fine root biomass and morphology of plants in a temperate deciduous forest. To achieve this, we applied N and W above the forest canopy and quantified the seasonal dynamics (January, July, and October) of fine root biomass and morphology.

Results

Our results revealed that only canopy W addition significantly increased the biomass of fine roots in January compared to that in other seasons (p < 0.05). We observed no significant interaction effect of N and W on fine root biomass. However, we found that the different growth seasons had a significant impact on the fine root biomass (p < 0.001). The combined application of N and W significantly affected the root tip density (p = 0.002). Although canopy N addition was significantly positively correlated with available soil N (p < 0.05), we detected no significant association with fine root biomass or morphology.

Discussion

The findings of this study indicated that fine root biomass and morphology, are affected to a greater extent by the provision of W than by N application. These findings provide a new perspective and a more precise understanding of the effects of the actual N deposition and precipitation on the dynamics of plant fine roots in forest ecosystems.
Differentiated factors drive the spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem services in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China
Authors: Zhang Zhiru , Wan Huawei , Peng Shilei , Huang Lin
Published: March 2023

Exploring the driving factors of changing ecosystem services is critical for supply capacity maintaining and ecological management zoning. Xinjiang of Northwest China, is considered one of the most fragile ecological environment areas. However, studies on how ecosystem services’ driving forces respond to the environmental conditions of Xinjiang are still insufficient, especially in sub–regions with considerable spatial heterogeneity. Based on 106 counties across Xinjiang, we employed models of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) and Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) to quantify four essential ecosystem services (carbon storage, habitat quality, and sand fixation and water yield). Then, we investigated the spatial distribution of four ecosystem services and drivers at the county scale in 2020 by using multi–scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR). The results showed that the spatial distribution of ecosystem services is higher in the north and lower in the south, and hotspots and high–value ecosystem services areas were consistent. Precipitation, temperature, and fractional vegetation cover were the dominant factors influencing the four ecosystem services. Therefore, regulating climate and increasing vegetation will maximize the improvement of regional ecosystem services in Xinjiang. Significant differences exist in the counties of the type, intensity, and direction of ecosystem services drivers. The correlation between carbon storage, habitat quality and fractional vegetation cover was more robust stronger in the south. Water yield was more closely related to fractional vegetation cover in southern Xinjiang. Under different ecological and social conditions, the impact of driving forces on ecosystem services showed different changing trends. Three suggestions for improving ecosystem services management were proposed based on our results. The comparative analysis of the driving factors of county ecosystem services in this study will help to formulate differentiated ecological protection policies and promote a sustainable supply of ecosystem services in Xinjiang. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the long-term monitoring and evaluation of ecosystem services and the research on the interaction of multiple drivers.
Case Report: Identification of a rare nonsense mutation in the POC1A gene by NGS in a diabetes mellitus patient
Authors: Li Dongfeng , Li Shihui , Zhou Jingjing , Zheng Lili , Liu Gui , Ding Chengzhang , Yuan Xingyun
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and molecular biology of a patient with a type of diabetes mellitus caused by a mutation in the POC1A (OMIM number: 614783) gene and explore its pathogenesis and related characteristics.

Methods: The patient was interviewed about his medical history and subjected to relevant examinations. Blood DNA samples were collected from the patient and his family members (parents) for trio whole-exome sequencing. Whole-exome sequencing was performed using the IDT xGen Exome Research Panel v1.0 whole-exome capture chip and sequenced using an Illumina NovaSeq 6,000 series sequencer (PE150); the sequencing coverage of the target sequence was not less than 99%. After systematic analysis and screening of the cloud platform for accurate diagnosis of genetic diseases, which integrated molecular biology annotation, biology, genetics, and clinical feature analysis, combined with a pathogenic mutation database, normal human genome database, and clinical feature database of 4,000 known genetic diseases, hundreds of thousands of gene variants were graded using the gene data analysis algorithm, a three-element grading system, and the American Society of Medical Genetics gene variant grading system. After polymerase chain reaction testing, the target sequence was verified by Sanger sequencing using an ABI3730 sequencer, and the verification result was obtained using sequence analysis software.

Results: The patient had a peculiar face, a thin body, and a body mass index of 16.0 kg/m2. His fasting connecting peptide was 10.2 ug/L, his fasting insulin was 44 mIU/L, his fasting blood glucose was 10.5 mmol/L, and his glycosylated haemoglobin was 12.5%. After hospitalisation, the patient was given 0.75 g/d metformin tablets and 15 mg/d pioglitazone dispersible tablets, and his fasting blood glucose reduced to 9.2 mmol/L. After 48 U/L insulin treatment, the patient’s fasting blood glucose was reduced to 8.5 mmol/L. Genetic screening revealed that there was a pathogenic variant at the POC1A gene locus and a cytosine-to-thymine mutation at the G81 locus, turning the Arg to a termination codon and shortening the POC1A protein from 359 amino acids (aa) to 80 aa. No mutation was detected in the patient’s parents’ POC1A gene loci.

Conclusion: The patient’s diabetes was caused by a POC1A gene mutation at the G81 locus, which is rarely reported in the clinic. The specific manifestations of this mutation need to be further investigated.