bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El rol de los medios de comunicación como iniciadores de una controversia socio-científica: el caso de la crotoxina en Argentina
Authors: Pellegrini Pablo Ariel , Fonseca Matera Emilio Nahuel
Published: June 2021

Los estudios sociales de la ciencia han prestado particular atención a las controversias científicas; pero no necesariamente en relación con el rol de los medios de comunicación, el cual, con frecuencia, es analizado como una cuestión de comunicación pública de la ciencia. En este trabajo, sin embargo, se vinculan ambas dimensiones, analizando el rol de los medios masivos de comunicación en el debate que giró en torno a la crotoxina como posible cura contra el cáncer, debate que ocupó el centro de la arena pública a mediados de 1986, en Argentina. El caso se reconstruyó a partir del análisis de los periódicos y programas televisivos de la época, a través de entrevistas a los actores centrales involucrados en el conflicto y mediante fuentes secundarias. Al analizar cómo llega una determinada situación del ámbito científico a dominar la escena pública, este trabajo busca contribuir a la comprensión de un fenómeno de creciente relevancia en las sociedades actuales: de qué manera los medios masivos de comunicación inciden en las controversias vinculadas a la ciencia, al instalar en la agenda pública una determinada forma de entender un tema científico.
Prescribing in mental health
Authors: Stones Antony
Published: June 2021

Mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are becoming increasingly prevalent and frequently pose some of the greatest challenges for the clinician, both in terms of communication and prescribing. Prescribing appropriately, safely and effectively depends upon the clinician's approach to the consultation and to the patient. This article discusses some methods of improving consultation and communication skills to maximise efficiency and safety of prescribing in mental health and explains some of the rationale for choosing to not prescribe.
License to ‘really’ learn
Authors: Bandali Mahdiyah
Published: June 2021

One year on as an NQP, Mahdiyah Bandali is still realising how much she does not know—and that building up learning gradually is part and parcel of every paramedic's journey
Evaluation of a connectivity-based imaging metric that reflects functional decline in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Koenig Katherine A. , Beall Erik B. , Sakaie Ken E. , Ontaneda Daniel , Stone Lael , Rao Stephen M. , Nakamura Kunio , Jones Stephen E. , Lowe Mark J.
Published: June 2021

Cognitive impairment is a common symptom in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but meaningful, reliable biomarkers relating to cognitive decline have been elusive, making evaluation of the impact of therapeutics on cognitive function difficult. Here, we combine pathway-based MRI measures of structural and functional connectivity to construct a metric of functional decline in MS. The Structural and Functional Connectivity Index (SFCI) is proposed as a simple, z-scored metric of structural and functional connectivity, where changes in the metric have a simple statistical interpretation and may be suitable for use in clinical trials. Using data collected at six time points from a 2-year longitudinal study of 20 participants with MS and 9 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, we probe two common symptomatic domains, motor and cognitive function, by measuring structural and functional connectivity in the transcallosal motor pathway and posterior cingulum bundle. The SFCI is significantly lower in participants with MS compared to controls (p = 0.009) and shows a significant decrease over time in MS (p = 0.012). The change in SFCI over two years performed favorably compared to measures of brain parenchymal fraction and lesion volume, relating to follow-up measures of processing speed (r = 0.60, p = 0.005), verbal fluency (r = 0.57, p = 0.009), and score on the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (r = 0.67, p = 0.003). These initial results show that the SFCI is a suitable metric for longitudinal evaluation of functional decline in MS.
Association between obesity and risk of fracture, bone mineral density and bone quality in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Turcotte Anne-Frédérique , O’Connor Sarah , Morin Suzanne N. , Gibbs Jenna C. , Willie Bettina M. , Jean Sonia , Gagnon Claudia
Published: June 2021

Background

The association between obesity and fracture risk may be skeletal site- and sex-specific but results among studies are inconsistent. Whilst several studies reported higher bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with obesity, altered bone quality could be a major determinant of bone fragility in this population.

Objectives

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare, in men, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women with obesity vs. individuals without obesity: 1) the incidence of fractures overall and by site; 2) BMD; and 3) bone quality parameters (circulating bone turnover markers and bone microarchitecture and strength by advanced imaging techniques).

Data sources

PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception of databases until the 13thof January 2021.

Data synthesis

Each outcome was stratified by sex and menopausal status in women. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effect model with inverse-variance method. The risks of hip and wrist fracture were reduced by 25% (n = 8: RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.91, P = 0.003, I2= 95%) and 15% (n = 2 studies: RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.88), respectively, while ankle fracture risk was increased by 60% (n = 2 studies: RR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.52, 1.68) in postmenopausal women with obesity compared with those without obesity. In men with obesity, hip fracture risk was decreased by 41% (n = 5 studies: RR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.79). Obesity was associated with increased BMD, better bone microarchitecture and strength, and generally lower or unchanged circulating bone resorption, formation and osteocyte markers. However, heterogeneity among studies was high for most outcomes, and overall quality of evidence was very low to low for all outcomes.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis highlights areas for future research including the need for site-specific fracture studies, especially in men and premenopausal women, and studies comparing bone microarchitecture between individuals with and without obesity.

Systematic review registration number

CRD42020159189
In-vitro model for bacterial growth inhibition of compartmentalized infection treated by an ultra-high concentration of antibiotics
Authors: Topaz Moris , Athamna Abed , Ashkenazi Itamar , Shpitz Baruch , Freimann Sarit
Published: June 2021

Background

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are common pathogens encountered in infected cardiovascular-implantable electronic device (CIED). Continuous, in-situ targeted, ultra-high concentration antibiotic (CITA) treatment is a novel antibiotic treatment approach for localized infections. CITA provides sufficient local antibiotic concentrations to heavily infected cavities while avoiding systemic toxicity.

Aim

In-vitro confirmation of the efficacy of the CITA treatment approach in simulated compartmentalized infections.

Materials and methods

A rapid automated bacterial culture analyzing system) Uro4 HB&L™ (was applied to compare the efficacy of selected antibiotics at a standard minimal inhibitory concentration (1MIC), 4MIC, and CITA at 103MIC, for growth inhibition of high bacterial loads (106 colony-forming-units/ml) of ATCC strains of P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus.

Results

The addition of gentamicin and amikacin at 1MIC concentrations only temporarily inhibited the exponential growth of E. coli and P. aeruginosa. 4MIC level extended the delay of exponential bacterial growth. Increasing concentrations of vancomycin similarly temporarily delayed S. aureus growth. All tested antibiotics at CITA of 103MIC totally inhibited the exponential growth of the tested bacteria through 72 hours of exposure. (P<0.001).

Conclusion

In this in-vitro model, CITA at 103MIC effectively inhibited exponential bacterial growth of high loads of P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus. This model offers preliminary laboratory support for the benefit of the in-situ antibiotic treatment, providing ultra-high concentrations directly at the compartmentalized infection site, not achievable by the conventional intravenous and oral routes.
Pathology, bacteriology and molecular studies on caseous lymphadenitis in Camelus dromedarius in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE, 2015-2020
Authors: Terab Abdelnasir Mohammed Adam , Abdel Wahab Ghada El Derdiri , Ishag Hassan Zackaria Ali , Khalil Nasereldien Altaib Hussein , El Tigani-Asil El Tigani Ahmed , Hashem Farouk Mohamed , Khalafalla Abdelmalik Ibrahim , Shah Asma Abdi Mohamed , Al Muhairi Salama Suhail Mohammed
Published: June 2021

Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) or pseudotuberculosis is a chronic zoonotic bacterial disease caused byCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which affects livestock and humans. This study aimed to describe the pathology, bacteriology and confirm the identity of the pathogen by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in Camelus dromedarius. A total of 12 camels with suspected CLA in three regions of Abu Dhabi Emirate (Abu Dhabi, Al Ain and Al Dhafra), United Arab Emirate (UAE) were subjected to clinical and postmortem examinations from January 2015 to December 2020. Clinically, camels were emaciated and showed the presence of external caseous abscesses suggestive of CLA. Postmortem examination showed multiple abscesses of variable sizes with caseous material encapsulated by fibrous tissue in the liver, lungs, muscle, and lymph nodes. Following clinical and postmortem examination, blood, pus and different tissue samples were collected for subsequent analysis. Histopathological examination of all organs stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) indicated a central caseo-necrotic core that was admixed with bacterial colonies and infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, surrounded by a pyogenic membrane, and an outer fibrous connective tissue capsule. Bacterial culture identified the isolates ofCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisbiotype ovis strain, and these isolates were shown to be sensitive to all antibiotics tested (penicillin, ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole, enrofloxacin and tetracycline). Moreover, the identity of the isolates was confirmed by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene which showed a 100% identity toCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence clearly differentiatesCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisfrom other species ofCorynebacterium. Briefly, this study provided the basic information for infection ofCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisin Camels and will help in controlling of this pathogen in the region.
miR-361-5p as a promising qRT-PCR internal control for tumor and normal breast tissues
Authors: Ghanbari Sogol , Salimi Adel , Rahmani Saeid , Nafissi Nahid , Sharifi-Zarchi Ali , Mowla Seyed Javad
Published: June 2021

Background

One of the most widely used evaluation methods in miRNA experiments is qRT-PCR. However, selecting suitable internal controls (IC) is crucial for qRT-PCR experiments. Currently, there is no consensus on the ICs for miRNA qRT-PCR experiments in breast cancer. To this end, we tried to identify the most stable (the least expression alteration) and promising miRNAs in normal and tumor breast tissues by employing TCGA miRNA-Seq data and then experimentally validated them on fresh clinical samples.

Methods

A multi-component scoring system was used which takes into account multiple expression stability criteria as well as correlation with clinical characteristics. Furthermore, we extended the scoring system for more than two biological sub-groups. TCGA BRCA samples were analyzed based on two grouping criteria: Tumor & Normal samples and Tumor subtypes. The top 10 most stable miRNAs were further investigated by differential expression and survival analysis. Then, we examined the expression level of the top scored miRNA (hsa-miR-361-5p) along with two commonly used ICs hsa-miR-16-5p and U48 on 34 pairs of Primary breast tumor and their adjacent normal tissues using qRT-PCR.

Results

According to our multi-component scoring system, hsa-miR-361-5p had the highest stability score in both grouping criteria and hsa-miR-16-5p showed significantly lower scores. Based on our qRT-PCR assay, while U48 was the most abundant IC, hsa-miR-361-5p had lower standard deviation and also was the only IC capable of detecting a significant up-regulation of hsa-miR-21-5p in breast tumor tissue.

Conclusions

miRNA-Seq data is a great source to discover stable ICs. Our results demonstrated that hsa-miR-361-5p is a highly stable miRNA in tumor and non-tumor breast tissue and we recommend it as a suitable reference gene for miRNA expression studies in breast cancer. Additionally, although hsa-miR-16-5p is a commonly used IC, it’s not a suitable one for breast cancer studies.
Límites constitucionales y convencionales a las normas dictadas en la emergencia por COVID-19 en la República Argentina
Authors: Goldfarb Mauricio
Published: June 2021

La difusión de la pandemia de covid-19 ha generado la necesidad de revisar los límites válidos para la restricción de los derechos fundamentales. En este artículo se repasan las principales fuentes normativas y jurisprudenciales sobre las potestades estatales de regulación de los derechos, tanto para tiempos de normalidad como de emergencia.
„Válasza az alázat”: Pilinszky és Dosztojevszkij
Authors: Szmeskó Gábor
Published: June 2021

Zavarba ejtően hasonló gondolkodásmód jellemzi azokat az alkotókat, gondolkodókat, aki komoly „hatást” gyakoroltak Pilinszky János életművére. Pilinszky és Fjodor Mihajlovics Dosztojevszkij kapcsolatának elemzésekor ez az egyik igen nehéz kérdés. Más szempontból az is megnehezíti a kérdés kikérdezését, feltételét, hogy Pilinszky és Dosztojevszkij eltérő műfajú szövegeket (is) alkottak (regény, cikk, vers). Egy harmadik szempontból újfent kérdéses, hogy mit értsünk a „hatás” kifejezésen. Ezek a dilemmák szorítottak arra, hogy először egy filológiai szempontú bevezetéssel kontextualizáljam Pilinszkynek Dosztojevszkij szövegeivel kialakított kapcsolatát, amelyet a Weil-i életmű párhuzamával igyekeztem árnyalni. Majd Pilinszky In memoriam F. M Dosztojevszkij című versének nem tematikusan kapcsolódó, hanem poétikai szempontú elemzésére fókuszáltam.
Partes, medidas e frações equivalentes: o movimento do pensamento teórico de professores que ensinam matemática
Authors: Romeiro Iraji de Oliveira , Moretti Vanessa Dias
Published: June 2021

A pesquisa sobre conceito de fração se depara com o relato de professores e alunos sobre dificuldades com esse conceito no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. É possível que tal dificuldade decorra de uma abordagem didática baseada em processos puramente técnicos e mecanizados. Na busca de superar essa mecanização, compreendendo a relação dialética entre atividade de ensino e atividade de estudo, organizamos uma pesquisa que investigou o processo de desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico de professores sobre o conceito de fração. Neste artigo, trazemos um recorte dessa pesquisa, apresentando o movimento de aproximação do pensamento teórico dos professores mediado pelo conceito de frações equivalentes. Baseados nas contribuições do Sistema Didático Desenvolvimental, fundamentado na Teoria Histórico-Cultural, organizamos um experimento formativo para professores, em que foram desenvolvidas Situações Desencadeadoras de Aprendizagem para possibilitar aos docentes o encontro com o movimento lógico-histórico do conceito revelando sua essência na comparação de grandezas contínuas. A análise dos dados revelou que o movimento concreto-abstrato-concreto no trabalho com situações envolvendo frações equivalentes, propiciou aos docentes um pensar mediado pelo conceito, próprio do pensamento teórico. Nesse processo, os professores demonstraram superar ações empíricas ou métodos cristalizados de transformação de frações em representações decimais, compreendendo a importância da inter-relação aritmética, algébrica e geométrica do conceito de fração. Os resultados reforçam a importância de que a formação de professores promova, por meio do desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico, a superação de formas cristalizadas de uso de algoritmos, com vistas à produção de um conhecimento teórico e significado para professores e alunos.
Why don't auditors use computer-assisted audit techniques? study at small public accounting firms
Authors: Lestari Depi , Mardian Sepky , Firman M. Asmeldi
Published: June 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of technology, organization, and environment on the use of Computer-Assisted Audit Techniques (CAATs). The object of this study is the auditors working at Public Accounting Firms in Jakarta area. Sampling is done using purposive sampling technique. Data collection is carried out through questionnaires. The research method used is associative research with Partial Least Square (PLS), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and Parallel Least Square (PLS) approaches. The results of this study show that technology, organization, and environment (TOE) do not have a significant effect on the use of CAATs. The easy and fast access to technology systems (CAATs) has not been supported by good auditor resources. The ability and skills of users are still inadequate and there are no auditors who have certification related to the use of CAATs. The audit process does not require so many complex technological roles, but simple technology that can cover the entire audit process. Most auditors use Microsoft Excel / Word in the audit process. In this case, the auditors at least have already used audit software. Small or large clients do not matter what type of CAATs the auditor uses.
Identification of Key Factors for Selection of Accounting Specialization by Students at Public Higher Education Institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Gadžo Amra , Veledar Benina ,   School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lalić Srđan ,   Faculty of Economics, University East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: June 2021

The paper aims to investigate the influencing factors for the choice of accounting specialization by students at ten public higher education institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). In addition to the above, the paper also explores the gender structure of the students, the type of secondary education, the time of making the decision to choose the field of accounting, and planned future training in accounting. The research sample consisted of 253 respondents, and data collection was performed by electronic survey through distance learning platforms. To identify the key factors in choosing to study accounting, we used the multivariate method of factor analysis of major components. The results of the research point to the existence of four key influencing factors in the selection of accounting specialization: achievement, job fulfillment, the influence of authorities in the field of science and profession, and the influence of parents and friends. Over 77 percent of the students are women, and the students have mostly completed general high schools (gymnasiums) or high schools of economics (92 percent). More than 98 percent of the students plan to continue their training in the field of accounting. The results of the research have practical use in terms of preparation and presentation of accounting policies at public higher education institutions in BiH, given that the reduced number of students has resulted in rival positions among different study areas. The results of the research can also be useful to professional groups in the field of accounting in terms of achieving their strategic goals.
Deforeignizing the English language: National identities making the world language
Authors: Dos Anjos Flávius Almeida
Published: June 2021

This paper is a brief reflection on the spread of English around the world. Because of this, this language has changed. With so many people learning English, national identities have converged to change this language, making it the world language. Its objective is to advocate an epistemology of deforeignization of this language, based on the assumption that many people have recreated it naturally, in lexical, grammatical and phonological terms. ‘To deforeignize’ the English language, it is necessary to allow the recreation of this language, so that it can be adapted to the learners’ linguistic and cultural patterns. For this purpose, some data are shared. The relavance of this study lies is the possibility to shed light in a topic which still needs to be reflected, mainly because it can support the understanding of how the teaching and learning process of English should be conducted in front of its current status.
Distance learning in the time of Covid-19: Exploring students’ anxiety
Authors: Hapsari Christianti Tri
Published: June 2021

Performing sudden and uncertain distance learning can be difficult and complicated experiences for students as they may suffer from anxiety. The study of anxiety in Indonesia typically concentrated on the relation of anxiety with speech production (Anandari, 2015), gender differences (Nurhaeni, 2019), four basic skills (reading, writing, speaking, and listening) (Male, 2018) and its impact on language learning (Budiman, Ngadiso, & Suparno, 2017). The study of anxiety in distance learning especially in the time of crisis, like the outbreak of Covid-19 is rare. Thus, the study to examine the distance learning anxiety faced by higher education students in the time of crisis (Covid-19) and explore the cause of those anxieties is important. The data of this study was collected using two instruments, a questionnaire and an interview. To get the data, the researcher modified the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale questionnaire (FLCAS) by Howitz and Young (1991) which is commonly applied to determine the level of anxiety. Since the study concentrated in distance learning, the researchers also decided to adopt an “On-line Language Learning Anxiety (OLLA) Inventory” (Majid, Othman, & Rahmat, 2007). Findings revealed that students experienced higher anxiety levels in the beginning stage of distance learning. A year after the implementation of distance learning, students had adapted well and the level of anxiety they encountered was reduced. Yet, technical problems like unstable internet connection and devices’ malfunction that occurred during distance learning still triggered much anxiety among students since that condition made them lose the opportunity to receive some important information and chances to actively participate in online activities as well as improve their skills.
The Unstable Nature of Dominant-Subordinate Relation: Postcolonial Study Towards Thomas King’s 'The Colour of Walls'
Authors: Sardari Alireza
Published: June 2021

Aboriginal/Indigenous peoples, cultures and works of literature (in the broadest sense) play a crucial role in the continuous growth of world literary and cultural studies. Indigenous writers advocate indigenous rights and address their concerns in works of fiction and non-fiction. Focusing on the correlation between the dominant (center) and the subordinate (margin) in Thomas King’s The Colour of Walls (2013), the present paper aims to specifically investigate the dominant-subordinate interplay in the colonial discourse. So as to elucidate this labyrinthine network of relationships, Homi Bhabha’s critical concept of hybridity is employed throughout the analysis process. The results indicate the unstable nature of dominant-subordinate dichotomy in the story, where power-based relationships are subject to constant change. Accordingly, this process of cultural struggle provides a site for the subordinate to change their marginal position and to resist the dominant’s influence; ultimately, this process assists the subordinate to reclaim their own independent identity.
The effect of stimulants and environmental factors on resin yield of Pinus merkusii tapping
Authors: Lukmandaru Ganis , Amri Syaiful , Sunarta Sigit , Listyanto Tomy , Pujiarti Rini , Widyorini Ragil
Published: June 2021

Oleoresin from Pinus merkusii is one of the most important forest products in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of various stimulants and environmental factors on oleoresin yield. The first factor was the stimulant treatment, i.e., SAEt1 (20% sulfuric acid + 1% Ethephon); SAEt2 (20% sulfuric acid + 2% Ethephon); SR4 (mainly composed by sulfuric acid); ETRAT (mainly composed by ethylene and citric acid); and without stimulant spraying. The second factor was the site with different altitudes, i.e., West Banyumas (326 m asl), East Banyumas (797 m asl), and West Pekalongan (1150 m asl). Through analysis of variance, the relation between stimulant and site was highly significant in regards to the average daily oleoresin yield. The results indicated that the combination of sulfuric acid and Ethephon increased oleoresin production 1.69- to 2.85-fold compared with untreated trees, depending on the sites. The trees with SAEt1 and SAEt2 treatments yielded an equivalent amount of oleoresin compared to that of trees exposed to the SR4. The ETRAT showed the lowest resin yields compared to the other stimulants. The values of daily relative humidity and temperature did not show similar responses in all sites when correlated with daily oleoresin yield.
Overflow diarrhea and acute kidney injury as a presentation of fecal impaction that led to obstructive uropathy
Authors: Dave Dhara
Published: June 2021

Fecal impaction is a known complication of chronic constipation and is particularly bothersome in the elderly population. Common complications of fecal impaction include hemorrhoids, megacolon, overflow diarrhea, and obstructive uropathy among others. Many case reports have been reported with fecal impaction and obstructive uropathy though none have reported overflow diarrhea as a presentation. In this case report, we present an elderly male who came in with overflow diarrhea and acute kidney injury that resulted from fecal impaction that caused obstructive uropathy. He was managed with catharsis and early recognition of the condition led to a good outcome. Recognition and management of fecal impaction can be challenging especially in patients who present with diarrhea. We, therefore, outline and discuss the importance of recognition of overflow diarrhea as a complication of fecal impaction and the management of such patients.
Divestasi Saham PT. Freeport Indonesia Pasca Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 1 Tahun 2017
Authors: Hanafi Mochammad , Hidayatulloh Hidayatulloh
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini mengambil sisi fokus pada kewajiban divestasi saham PT. Freeport Indonesia setelah diterbitkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 1 Tahun 2017. Sebelumnya, PT. Freeport Indonesia beroperasi di Indonesia berdasarkan Kontrak Karya. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan historis. Adapun sumber data yang digunakan yaitu, bahan hukum premier, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum non-hukum. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data secara library research (studi kepustakaan) dan menganalisis data secara deduktif dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa akibat hukum setelah dikeluarkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 yaitu  Kontrak Karya harus melakukan penyesuaian terhadap undang-undang baru yang telah disahkan. Selain itu, posisi pemerintah tidak lagi sejajar dengan pelaku usaha dalam hal ini PT. Freeport Indonesia dan mengembalikan asas Hak Penguasaan Negara (HPN) pada posisi sejajar secara ketatanegaraan. Butir-butir kesepakatan amandemen kontrak karya berdasarkan Memorandum of Understanding (Mou) kedua belah pihak terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 diantaranya adalah divestasi saham PT. Freeport Indonesia sebesar 51% kepada pemerintah Indonesia.
Pemungutan Iuran Anggota Serikat Pekerja/Serikat Buruh (Check Off System) Di PT. Central Mega Kencana
Authors: Farah Sheren , Taufiki Muhammad , Rahmatullah Indra
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan mengenai perselisihan hubungan industrial yang terjadi antara Serikat Pekerja Pengurus Unit Kerja Kimia, Emas, dan Pertambangan dengan Pihak Pengusaha atau Pimpinan Perusahaan PT. Central Mega Kencana Jakarta Timur terkait dengan permasalahan permohonan pemungutan iuran anggota serikat pekerja secara check off system. Penelitian ini bertujuan agar setiap hubungan industrial disebuah Perusahaan antara Pengusaha, Pekerja/Buruh maupun Serikat Pekerja/Buruh untuk selalu menjaga komunikasi yang baik sehingga tercapainya hubungan yang harmonisasi dalam menjalankan kerjasama yang baik.Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan bersifat yuridis empiris. yuridis empiris adalah di mana peneliti melakukan wawancara observasi untuk memperoleh data untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian dan menganalisis kembali dengan mengacu pada norma-norma hukum yang ada dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, pendapat ahli, dan makalah-makalah.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya kepastian hukum dalam substansi Pasal 3 Keputusan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi sehingga terjadi ketidaksesuaian cara berpikir dalam menafsirkannya antara Serikat Pekerja dengan Pihak Pengusaha atau Pimpinan Perusahaan PT. Central Mega Kencana.
Rekonstruksi Penyelesaian Sengketa Kepemilikan Tanah Yang Bersertifikat Ganda Berbasis Keadilan; Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor: 54/G/2016/PTUN-SRG
Authors: Alghifari Naufal Akbar , Tamrin Abu , Makmur Syafrudin
Published: June 2021

Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rekontruksi penyelesaian sengketa kepemilikan tanah yang bersertifikat ganda sesuia dengan study kasus putusan pengadilan tata usaha Negara serang yang bernomor : 54/G/ 2016 / PTUNSRG. Secara khusus skripsi ini mencoba membahas latar belakang, pertimbangan hukum yang ada dalam putusan. Disamping itu, skripsi ini juga membahas yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh setiap pihak yang bersengketa untuk mengakses keadilan yang lebih tepat dan cepat. Penelitian dalam jurnal ini mennggunakan pendekatan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) melalui pendekatan  perundang-undangan  (statute  approach) , Penelitian  ini  menggunakan metode  pengumpulan  data  berupa  studi  pustaka.  Melalui  studi  pustaka  peneliti mengumpulkan dokumen dan data untuk diolah menggunakan metode analisis isi. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa Undang – undang dan hasil putusan yang mengatur untuk menyelesaikan sengketa kepemilikan tanah yang bersertifikat ganda dengan mengedepankan asas keadilan belum  memberikan kepastian hukum yang baik. Terbukti dengan adanya beberapa pasal dalam UU Agraria dan aturan dalam internal BPN yang masih menimbulkan pertanyaan soal penyelesaian sertifikat ganda di masa mendatang.
Pembaharuan Dalam Sistem Pembagian Waris Secara Proporsional
Authors: Azizah Faiqah Nur
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis konsep serta legitimasi pembaharuan dalam sistem pembagian waris Islam secara proporsional antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Porsi yang telah ditentukan dalam Q.S al-Nisâ' ayat 11-12 tentang pembagian waris dan pihak yang berhak menerima waris diatur rinci berimplikasi terhadap ijtihad ulama yang memposisikan ayat tersebut sebagai ayat yang qat‘iyu al-Wurud (pasti asal muasalnya dari syar’i) dan bersifat qat‘iyu al-Dalâlah (penunjukan pasti pada makna tertentu). Hadirnya konsep pembaharuan dalam sistem pembagian waris secara proporsional memberikan jawaban terhadap kekakuan ulama dalam melakukan ijtihad selama ini, hal tersebut tentu tidak lepas dari latar belakang ulama itu hidup dan tinggal sehingga mempengaruhi pemikirannya dalam berijtihad.Adapun hasil penelitian ini bahwa pembaharuan dalam sistem pembagian waris Islam secara proporsional antara laki-laki dan perempuan dapat dilakukan. Mengingat sifat hukum yang sangat dinamis dan Islam sebagai agama rahmat bagi semesta alam merespon kedinamisan tersebut melalui konsep ijtihad bagi tokoh agama, hakim dan pemerintah agar dapat menjawab problematika yang dihadapi masyarakat sesuai dengan konteks zaman, kondisi, waktu dan tempat. Hal ini yang telah dilakukan oleh Muhammad Syahrûr melalui teori batas (limit) dan Munawir Sadzali melalui teori reaktualisasi ajaran Islam, dengan menawarkan konsep serta formulasi pembaharuan hukum waris sebagai upaya pengkajian ulang terhadap nas-nas yang ada agar terhindar dari taklid buta dan kejumudan. Selain itu hadirnya Putusan Pengadilan Agama Medan No. 92/Pdt.G/2009/PA.Mdn menjadi kekuatan hukum yuridis formil di Indonesia terhadap penerapan pembagian waris secara proporsional antara laki-laki dan perempuan yang dapat dijadikan referensi bagi pertimbangan putusan hakim dikemudian hari dalam perkara yang sama.
Institucionalização do Programa Nacional de Segurança Pública com Cidadania
Authors: Da Silveira Velho Rafael
Published: June 2021

Trata-se de um estudo de caso que visa analisar a implementação da política pública de segurança, no município de Canoas/RS, durante o período de 2009 a 2016, verificando a institucionalização do programa através de três eixos: aparato legal, atividades e cargos funcionais. O objetivo é conferir a hipótese de que em alguns casos a indução do Governo Federal aos municípios para implementar políticas públicas pode complementar o aparato técnico, conferindo, assim, algum grau de municipalização. A pesquisa realizada apresenta características descritivas e explicativas, na qual, partindo da análise documental e bibliográfica, analisam-se os cadernos dos Governos Federal e Municipal referente à institucionalização do Programa nas duas esferas governamentais, bem como os fatores que levam a municipalização de uma política pública nas áreas e período determinado no estudo. Com base na análise dos dados e informações referentes ao período de 2009 a 2016, observa-se que o Governo Municipal anterior implementou medidas que fizeram com que a institucionalização do Programa Nacional de Segurança Pública com Cidadania ocorresse após o seu término. Considera-se que se confirma a hipótese de que, em alguns casos, a indução do Governo Federal aos municípios para implementar políticas públicas conferindo, assim, algum grau de municipalização.
A new goodness of fit test for multivariate normality
Authors: KESEMEN Orhan , TİRYAKİ Buğra Kaan , TEZEL Özge , ÖZKUL Eda
Published: June 2021

This paper presents a multivariate Kolmogorov-Smirnov (MVKS) goodness of fit test for multivariate normality. The proposed test is based on the difference between the empirical distribution function and the theoretical distribution function. While calculating them in multivariate case, the problem is that the variables cannot be distribution-free as in the univariate case. Firstly, the variables are made independent to solve this problem and the Rosenblatt transform is applied for independence of variates. Then the theoretical and empirical distribution values are calculated and the MVKS test statistic is computed. It provides an easy calculation for d-dimensional data by using the same algorithm and critical table values. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the MVKS for different dimensions with a simulation study which also includes the comparison of the MVKS critical tables with univariate Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) critical table and the power comparisons of the MVKS (bivariate case) against with the existing bivariate normality tests. Lastly, the MVKS is applied to two different multivariate data sets to confirm that it achieves consistent, accurate and correct results.
Predicting 1p/19q chromosomal deletion of brain tumors using machine learning
Authors: Çinarer Gökalp , Emiroğlu Bülent Gürsel , Yurttakal Ahmet Haşim
Published: June 2021

Advances in molecular and genetic technologies have enabled the study of mutation and molecular changes in gliomas. The 1p/19q coding state of gliomas is important in predicting pathogenesis-based pharmacological treatments and determining innovative immunotherapeutic strategies. In this study, T1-weighted and T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of 121 low-grade glioma patients with biopsy-proven 1p/19q coding status and no deletion (n = 40) or co-deletion (n = 81) were used. First, regions of interests were segmented with the grow-cut algorithm. Later, 851 radiomic features including three-dimensional wavelet preprocessed and non-preprocessed ones were extracted from six different matrices such as first order, shape and texture. The extracted features were preprocessed with the synthetic minority over-sampling technique algorithm. Next, the 1p/19q decoding states of gliomas were classified using machine-learning algorithms. The best classification in the classification of glioma grades (grade II and grade III) according to 1p/19q coding status was obtained by using the logistic regression algorithm, with 93.94% accuracy and 94.74% area under the curve values. In conclusion, it was determined that non-invasive estimation of 1p/19q status from MRI images enables the selection of effective treatment strategies with early diagnosis using machine-learning algorithms without the need for surgical biopsy.
Trablusgarp Savaşı’nda Propaganda Edebiyatı: Recep Vahyi’nin Manzum Türkiye-İtalya Harbi (İnceleme-Metin)
Authors: ULUCUTSOY Hasan
Published: June 2021

Trablusgarp Savaşı, Osmanlı Devleti’nin Afrika’daki uzak bir vilayeti olan Trablusgarp’ta 1911-1912 yılları arasında yaşanır. Savaşın uzak bir coğrafyada gelişmesi karşısında Osmanlı toplumu savaşa ilgisini yavaş yavaş kaybetmeye başlar. Bu atmosferde savaş propagandası devreye girer. Trablusgarp Savaşı dönemi Osmanlı propagandasının kullandığı araçlardan biri de edebiyattır. Bu dönemde subay olarak görev yapan şair Recep Vahyi’nin Manzum Türkiye-İtalya Harbi adlı şiir kitapçığı Trablusgarp Savaşı sürerken yayınlanır. Osmanlı cephe gerisinin savaşa ilgisini artırmayı ve topluma öz güven aşılamayı amaçlayan eser, bir propaganda edebiyatı ürünüdür. Salt propaganda amacıyla üretilmiş olan eser, Trablusgarp Savaşı döneminde Osmanlılar tarafından yapılmaya çalışılan propaganda çalışmalarının öne çıkan temalarını yansıtmaktadır. Eserde propaganda ve karşı propaganda teknikleri ve izlekleri kullanılmaktadır. Popüler bir dil ve üslubun benimsenmesi ise Osmanlı toplumunun farklı katmanlarına seslenme amacını yansıtmaktadır. Hedef kitlesi Türkçe konuşan sıradan halk olan şairin, buna uygun olarak sade ve akıcı bir Türkçeyi tercih ettiği gözlenmektedir. Şairin ironik üslubu, mizahi tonu ve yer yer amiyane ifadelere eklenen küfür ve argo yüklü söylemi eseri ilgi çekici kılan etkenlerdendir. Nitekim popüler bir retorik üzerine inşa edilen Manzum Türkiye-İtalya Harbi, Trablusgarp Savaşı dönemi Osmanlı savaş propagandasının mikro düzeyde bir temsili
görünümündedir.
Not a Mirror, but an Engine: Digital Methods for Contextual Analysis of “Social Big Data”
Authors: Andersson Schwarz Jonas
Published: June 2021

Digital media infrastructures give rise to texts that are socially interconnected in various forms of complex networks. These mediated phenomena can be analyzed through methods that trace relational data. Social network analysis (SNA) traces interconnections between social nodes, while natural language processing (NLP) traces intralinguistic properties of the text. These methods can be bracketed under the header “social big data.” Empirical and theoretical rigor begs a constructionist understanding of such data. Analysis is inherently perspective-bound; it is rarely a purely objective statistical exercise. Some kind of selection is always made, primarily out of practical necessity. Moreover, the agents observed (network participants producing the texts in question) all tend to make their own encodings, based on observational inferences, situated in the network topology. Recent developments in such methods have, for example, provided social scientific scholars with innovative means to address inconsistencies in comparative surveys in different languages, addressing issues of comparability and measurement equivalence. NLP provides novel, inductive ways of understanding word meanings as a function of their relational placement in syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations, thereby identifying biases in the relative meanings of words. Reflecting on current research projects, the chapter addresses key epistemological challenges in order to improve contextual understanding.
Teleoptical Perspectives on Digital Methods: Scientific Claims and Consequences
Authors: Pennlert Julia , Ekström Björn , Gunnarsson Lorentzen David
Published: June 2021

Computer-assisted tools have introduced new ways to conduct research in the social sciences and the humanities. Digital methods, as an umbrella term for this line of methodology, have presented new vocabularies that affect research communities from different disciplines. The aim of this chapter is to discuss how digital methods can be understood and scrutinized as procedures of collecting, analyzing, visualizing, and interpreting born-digital and digitized material. We aim to problematize how the embracing of digital methods in the research process paves the way for certain knowledge claims. By adopting a teleoptical metaphor in order to scrutinize three case studies, our aim is to discuss the limitations and the possibilities for digital methods as a way of conducting science and research. The contribution addresses how and to what extent digital methods direct the researcher’s gaze toward particular focal points.
La transferencia y cesión internacional de los derechos de los futbolistas profesionales y la exclusión de los terceros
Authors: Cadena Afanador Walter René , Torres Espíndola Francisco Javier
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la naturaleza jurídica y los riesgos que existen en las transferencias de los derechos de los jugadores de fútbol profesional en el ámbito internacional, así como las implicaciones de las recientes modificaciones normativas de la FIFA respecto a los clubes deportivos, los futbolistas y los terceros. Para ello, nosotros usamos un método analítico, propio de la investigación dogmática, normativa, documental, cualitativa, desde el derecho del deporte y el derecho comercial. Como resultados, se verifica que el fútbol profesional hace parte de la industria de los deportes y el entretenimiento, caracterizado por tener modelos contractuales atípicos, una estructura organizacional federativa, que se regula mediante un ordenamiento jurídico especial en el que se privilegia la normativa no estatal y que tiene un ritmo de crecimiento financiero superlativo, el cual ha configurado un campo mercantil sui generis que demanda juristas especializados en la materia. Debido a la profesionalización de los actores que intervienen, existe una regulación integrada por normas de orden público y privado, donde se destaca la normativa aprobada por la Federación Internacional de Fútbol Asociado. Se concluye que la exclusión normativa de los terceros en las transferencias y cesiones de los jugadores internacionales, así como la prohibición de figuras como el Third Party Ownership, plantean un cambio sensible en el modelo negocial y contractual en el negocio del fútbol, del que no quedan excluidos los propios jugadores, y que conlleva implicaciones respecto al financiamiento y el papel de los inversionistas en los clubes deportivos, así como de la significación de los derechos económicos de los jugadores.
La Conexidad contractual en los planes de medicina prepagada y las pólizas de salud
Authors: Zapata Flórez Jonathan
Published: June 2021

La conexidad contractual es expresión de las modernas formas contractuales, producto de la autonomía privada, principio rector de las relaciones jurídicas de derecho privado. Existe conexidad cuando una pluralidad de contratos autónomos se vincula entre sí para alcanzar una finalidad común, que también se denominada causa supracontractual. La doctrina extranjera ha sentado las bases de esta teoría que gradualmente se ha ido incorporando al sistema jurídico colombiano desde el estudio de situaciones concretas por parte de la jurisprudencia, predominantemente de la Corte Suprema de Justicia. En este artículo, producto de una investigación cualitativa de enfoque dogmático, se estudia la medicina prepagada y las pólizas de salud como posibles casos de conexidad contractual para concluir que efectivamente son eventos de conexidad y describir así sus efectos en las reglas de interpretación de los contratos, la naturaleza de las acciones contra el deudor que ha incumplido sus obligaciones y la extensión de las causales de ineficacia a toda la red contractual.
Derecho de petición de atención prioritaria como mecanismo de protección de derechos fundamentales en Bucaramanga
Authors: Bravo Vesga Carolina , Contreras Rodríguez Nydian Yaneth , Suárez Ortega Camilo Fernando , Pabón Ortega María Fernanda
Published: June 2021

Este artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo, exponer la manera en la que los derechos fundamentales de las personas del Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga se ven protegidos a través del mecanismo jurídico denominado «derecho de petición de atención prioritaria», con el fin de identificar su eficacia. Para ello, se utilizó como base de análisis los casos presentados en el Consultorio Jurídico de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Seccional Bucaramanga, durante el periodo comprendido entre el segundo semestre de 2018 y primer semestre de 2019. En el desarrollo de este trabajo se aplicó un método investigativo de tipo cuantitativo, el cual se vio materializado en el análisis de los diferentes documentos presentados durante el desarrollo de casos en el Consultorio Jurídico de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Seccional Bucaramanga. En ese sentido, se realizó un estudio de derechos de petición con atención prioritaria y las acciones de tutela, en los casos en que fue necesario acudir ante la jurisdicción para la protección de los derechos fundamentales del usuario de Consultorio Jurídico. Lo anterior, con el fin de establecer la eficacia del mecanismo sujeto a estudio. Como se evidenció en los resultados, al derecho de atención prioritaria no se le está dando el tratamiento jurídico especial consagrado en la ley, tanto por las entidades públicas como las privadas.  Como conclusiones, observamos que, la figura es usada en su mayoría para la protección del derecho a la salud y aun haciendo uso de este derecho de petición las entidades no responden en los términos legales.
Academic honesty: current status and ways of improvement
Authors: Volodymyrovych Shapoval Roman , Yakovych Nastyuk Vasyl , Ivanovich Inshyn Mykola , Posashkov Alexander Alexandrovich
Published: June 2021

Objective: The purpose of this article is to analyze the current status of academic honesty, improvement of its organizational and legal principles. Method: To achieve this goal, such methods as logical-legal and systematic, dialectical and dogmatic, formal-logical, comparative analysis, was used. The interrelated application of these methods led to the science-based conclusions and suggestions. Results: The issues of the essence and significance of academic honesty, the current status of these issues problematic aspect, as well as the ways of qualitative improvement of the legal and organizational principles of academic honesty have been researched. It has been argued that academic honesty is an integral part of both ensuring the quality of higher education and conducting research. The legislative and doctrinal definition of the concept of «academic honesty» has been provided; the types of responsibility for the violation of academic honesty have been defined. Issues related to the formation and functioning of an atmosphere of mutual respect among scholars have been considered both to their own scientific works, and to scientific works of their colleagues. Conclusions: Based on the results of the conducted study, propositions to improve the legal principles for ensuring academic honesty in Ukraine have been formulated.