bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of partial automation on the productivity and cost of a mobile tower yarder
Authors: Spinelli Raffaele , Visser Rien , Magagnotti Natascia , Lombardini Carolina
Published: September 2021

t Integration of technology is commonplace in forestry equipment supporting higher levels of automation and efficiency. For technology adoption to be successful it must demonstrate improvement in productivity, cost–effectiveness or in human factors and ergonomics. Cable yarding lends itself to automation with repetitive machine movement along a fixed corridor, as established by the skyline. This study aimed at investigating the difference in productivity between the two possible settings (manual and automated) of a Valentini V850 yarder equipped with automatic path programming, with a Bergwald 3-t carriage and radio controlled chokers. The study took place in the northern Italian Alpine eastern region over a period of 8 days on two separate corridors, resulting in 280 measured cycles split between manual and automated. Results in terms of absolute numbers were very close for the two system options, but significant differences were found. For example, inhaul time was longer, but outhaul time shorter for the automated system. Productivity ranged from 8.2 to 13.3 m3 PMH-1, and cost from approximately 20 to 30 € m-3. The automated system did achieve a significantly higher productivity, but differences declined with extraction distance. When that was combined with the slightly higher cost for the automated system, the automated system was more cost-effective on extraction distances less than 200 m, and the manual system on longer distances.
Analyses of molecular markers and leaf morphology of two rare birches, Betula obscura and B. pendula var. carelica
Authors: Jadwiszczak Katarzyna Anna , Vetchinnikova Lidia , Bona Agnieszka , Tyburski Łukasz , Kuznetsova Tatiana , Isidorov Valery
Published: September 2021

Trees and shrubs belonging to the Betula L. genus seem to represent one of the most confused interspecific relationships, and hybridization is considered to be one of the main factors responsible for the substantial genetic and morphological variation of birches. In the present investigation, the internal transcribed spacer ITS1 and ITS2 regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA, nuclear alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene sequences and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) as well as the Atkinson discriminant function (ADF) of leaf morphology were used to verify hypotheses concerning the origin of the dark barked Betula obscura and B. pendula var. carelica with the patterned wood. Both plants were considered by different authors to be distinct species, intraspecific forms of common B. pendula or B. pubescens, or hybrid taxa between B. pendula and B. pubescens. In the phylogenetic trees, the ITS and ADH gene sequences of both B. obscura and B. pendula var. carelica clustered with those of B. pendula, whereas B. pubescens trees were somewhat distinct. In turn, the AFLPs revealed genetic similarity of B. pendula var. carelica to both frequent species, whereas B. obscura was clearly distinct from other birches. Values of the ADF indices of the rare birches were typical for B. pendula. In the light of the results obtained, we imply that B. obscura and B. pendula var. carelica represent an intraspecific variation of B. pendula, they are neither intraspecific taxa of B. pubescens nor hybrid species between the common birches. Different grouping of B. obscura in the AFLPs and DNA sequences analyses is likely a result of an unreliable phylogenetic signal of the former molecular markers.
Neighbourhood-based evidence of tree diversity promotion by beech in an old-growth deciduousconiferous mixed forest (Eastern Carpathians)
Authors: Gafta Dan , Schnitzler Annik , Closset-Kopp Déborah , Cristea Vasile
Published: September 2021

Neighbourhood models are useful tools for understanding the role of positive and negative interactions in maintaining the tree species diversity in mixed forests. Under such a presumption, we aimed at testing several hypotheses concerning the mechanisms of autogenic species coexistence in an old-growth, beech-fir-spruce stand, which is part of the Slătioara forest reserve (Eastern Carpathians). Univariate/bivariate spatial point pattern analyses, the individual tree species-area relationship, the species mingling analysis and generalised linear mixed models of neighbour interference were applied on data concerning the position and allometry of all saplings and trees occurring within a 0.24 ha plot. The monospecific distribution of either beech or spruce saplings did not support the spatial segregation hypothesis. There was no evidence of conspecific negative distance dependence, as no spatial segregation was detected between the saplings and trees of any species. Within 4 m-neighbourhood, the beech saplings appeared as diversity accumulators, which might be indicative of indirect facilitation (e.g., herd protection hypothesis). At tree stage, none of the three species showed either accumulator or repeller patterns in their neighbourhood with respect to sapling species richness. Signals of positive and negative interspecific association were found in tree-sized beech (at scales of 10 to 20 m) and spruce (at scales of 4 to 17 m), respectively. The former, highly interspersed pattern is in accordance with the hypothesis of positive complementary effects, whereas the latter, poorly intermingled pattern is probably linked to the unexpected, positive neighbouring effect of spruce trees on the stem growth of their conspecific saplings. Such self-favouring process might be due to a facilitative below-ground mechanism. Conversely, the beech saplings were suppressed through interference from the neighbouring conspecific trees. The beech appears to be the key promoter of tree species coexistence in the study forest stand, in contrast to the low interspersion of spruce in the overstorey leading to lower local tree diversity.
Contribución de la evaluación educativa para la formación democrática y transformadora de estudiantes
Authors: Ríos-Muñoz Daniel , Herrera-Araya David
Published: September 2021

Propósito. En este artículo se analiza la evaluación educativa como un campo de conocimiento teórico-práctico para la formación democrática y transformadora del estudiantado. Discusión. La discusión sobre la evaluación educativa se focaliza en la crítica a los enfoques positivistas-tecnológicos que limitan la complejidad valorativa de los procesos de aprendizaje. Asimismo, se han relevado enfoques de evaluación para los aprendizajes como una forma de cuestionar y reinterpretar la teoría y práctica evaluativa positivista. Sin embargo, el debate ha marginado el rol de la evaluación en su dimensión ética-política para la construcción de sujetos democráticos. El argumento central sostiene que una evaluación transformadora y con un enfoque sociocultural-democrático posibilita la formación de sujetos participativos, comprometidos y reflexivos. Conclusiones. Se concluye con la importancia de resignificar la evaluación como una práctica no solo preocupada por la valoración de los aprendizajes, sino que también orientada a la formación de aspectos valóricos, actitudinales, éticos y democráticos, con la finalidad de contribuir a la construcción de un estudiantado consciente de sí mismo, de las otras personas y de su rol en la sociedad.
Integration of the ASSURE Model for Bachelor of Nursing Training: An International Project
Authors: Kasimovskaya Nataliya A. , Chabrera Carol , Laaksonen Saara , Pelander Tiina , Štiglic Gregor , Geraskina Natalia S. , Schulc Eva , Cabrera Esther
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The active integration of digital technologies into the modern educational process is an urgent task for the global education ecosystem. In this paper, within the framework of the joint international educational project “Digital Toolbox for Innovation in Nursing Education (I-BOX)”, conducted under the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union, we present a new instructional design of the educational process using digital technologies on an electronic platform, based on the ASSURE model. The aim of the study is to design digital educational process using the ASSURE model with a view of its integration into electronic platforms.
Materials and Methods. The development of the ASSURE model for instructional design was based on three stages. The first stage involved the analysis of available instructional models in order to determine the feasibility of application for the project. The second stage included the adaptation of the ASSURE model for instructional design as consistent with the project objectives. The third stage covered the definition and integration of modern digital technologies in the process of instructional design following the ASSURE model.
Results. Based on the results of the study, the participants of the I-BOX Strategic Partnership Consortium developed an ASSURE model that can be applied for the instructional design in educational process when the use of digital technologies (video, audio, podcasts) and the placement of learning materials on an electronic platform are required. Project participants developed a guide “ASSURE MODEL: Conceptual Structure of the Project and Assessment” based on the results of the study with a step-by-step description of the ASSURE model for the e-learning process. The developed educational and audiovisual e-learning materials based on the ASSURE model will be available on the electronic platform.
Discussion and Conclusion. The materials of the paper will be useful when designing the educational process on an electronic platform or in an online format. The presented ASSURE model will increase the possibilities and effectiveness of teaching students from different countries using digital technologies on electronic platforms.
Self-Determination and Self-Realization of the Youth of Russia: Socio-Moral and Psychological-Pedagogical Aspects of the Problem
Authors: Abdullin Asat G. , Likholetov Valery V. , Ryabova Irina G.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The complex problems of upbringing and education of young people, their choice of landmarks in their life path, occupations and self-realization, which are relevant for the progress of the modern world, are studied by scholars from many countries. However, the existing specialization of sciences and the prevailing system of preferences of different scientific schools serve as an obstacle to inter- and transdisciplinary research. The purpose of the article is to present the results of the analysis of the vast problematic field of self-determination and self-realization of modern Russian youth.
Materials and Methods. To study the problem, an analysis of statistical data and the results of sociological surveys, a cluster grouping of threats-problems in the sphere of self-determination and self-realization of youth was used for subsequent topological modeling. It was done by constructing and analyzing an oriented (causeand- effect) graph of threats as undesirable effects in order to identify key problems. When constructing a directed graph from threat-problems, the method of functional analysis of cause-and-effect chains tested in the study of a variety of non-standard problem situations in the theory of inventive problem solving was used.
Results. Based on the results of the analysis of the cause-and-effect multigraph, built on the basis of 33 threatsproblems as troubles, four reasons of the first level were identified: “brain drain”, violation of the principle of social justice in the country, lack of ideological unity of society due to the ban on state ideology, low religiosity of society. This is followed by three reasons of the second level: the lack of a coherent state youth policy, the ineffectiveness of the existing model of such a policy, a unified state exam as one of the key reasons for the random choice of vocational training for young people.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained add up to the development of comprehensive research on the problems of youth self-determination and self-realization that are extremely important for the countryʼs optimistic future.
Global bioethical challenges of medicalising psychedelics
Authors: Miceli McMillan Riccardo
Published: September 2021

Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is an emerging psychiatric treatment that is attracting significant scientific, medical, and public attention. Whilst preliminary results from empirical studies are promising, the medical use of these compounds is highly controversial. Surprisingly, and despite the current controversies caused by the re-medicalisation of psychedelics, bioethicists have remained mysteriously silent. This paper aims to stimulate further bioethical reflection regarding the re-medicalisation of psychedelics. The current paper aims to do this by applying a normative phenomenological lens of analysis. Namely, this paper applies Martin Heidegger's critique of modern technology, and Fredrik Svenaeus' extension of this critique, to the re-medicalisation of psychedelics. I argue that when this critique of modern technology is applied several normative issues become apparent. Specifically, it becomes apparent that the re-medicalisation of psychedelics risks turning the ecological sources, cultural contexts, and experiences induced by psychedelics into resources to be exploited for human goals; all of which risks endangering ecosystems, appropriating traditional knowledge, and reducing the therapeutic effects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. Furthermore, I suggest that preserving non-reductionist, non-instrumentalising traditional ways of understanding psychedelic compounds is essential in mitigating these consequences. More discussion by bioethicists is necessary as these consequences represent important global challenges for the psychedelic renaissance that require immediate addressing.
Archaeology, Gender and Indian Tamil Films
Authors: Karupiah Premalatha
Published: September 2021

This article analyses the depiction of archaeology and archaeologists in contemporary popular Tamil films made in India, including a focus on the gender portrayal of archaeologists in two films in particular – one an adventure film depicting archaeological activity and the other a romance film involving a male archaeologist. Content analysis shows that both films portray some similarities in how archaeology is presented and that male and female archaeologists are shown as professionals, but that the female archaeologist is still presented for, and objectified through, the male gaze. The paper contributes to the understanding of how archaeologists are portrayed in non-Western films, particularly among films produced in India.
The problem of formation and ergonomics of ecologically compact electric transport
Authors: Kardashov V. , Kashuba О.
Published: September 2021

The problem of formation and ergonomics of ecologically compact electric transport
Features of the process of hot extrusion of blanks of the rotor blades of a GTE compressor
Authors: Kachan O. , Ulanov S.
Published: September 2021

Purpose. Improving the quality of manufacturing of blanks for compressor rotor blades by hot extrusion.

Research methods and equipment. The research was carried out using a crank press with a force of 1000 kN, in split dies in accordance with a serial technological process.

The dies were heated up to 150 ... 200 °С, to improve the work when extruding the blanks of the rotor blades made from the titanium alloy ВT8.

The thickness of the copper coating was measured with an ИTMП-3 magnetic induction device with an error of ± 2 μm.

X-ray spectral microanalysis was performed on an ISM-6360ALA scanning microscope.

The billets were heated in an MП-2В furnace.

Results. It has been established that the quality of blade blanks made of ВT8 titanium alloy obtained by hot extrusion is influenced by the state of the copper coating, which is preliminarily applied to the surface of the original blank.

When the initial blanks are heated, copper is oxidized and in the temperature range of 250…700 °С the oxidation rate proceeds according to a linear pattern, and after 700…750 °С – according to a parabolic pattern.

Oxidation of the copper coating occurs unevenly not only within one workpiece, but also within the batch, which leads to a decrease in durability and deterioration of the surface quality of the blade workpieces obtained by hot extrusion.

Research carried out by X-ray spectral microanalysis of the copper coating revealed the presence of aluminum oxides of varying degrees of dispersion.

The source of this material in the copper coating is caricature of corundum used in blowing into the surface of the billet, which is the reason for the appearance of scoring on the blade blank.

It was also found that longitudinal marks on the blade are a consequence of the appearance of a matrix of tubercles (sagging) on the working surface of the die, caused by the adhesion of the deformable material of the blade to the base metal of the tool.

Scientific novelty. The regularity of the influence of the heating temperature of the initial blank of the blade on the oxidation rate of the copper coating has been established. The mechanism of the influence of the oxidation of the copper coating and the adhesion of contacting materials during hot extrusion on the surface condition of the resulting blanks is disclosed.

Practical value. The results obtained make it possible to improve the quality of the manufactured blanks of the compressor rotor blades by hot extrusion.
Coast to ocean: a Fife-eye view: ocean literacy in Fife, Scotland
Authors: Spoors F. , Leakey C.D.B. ,   University of St Andrews, James M.A. ,   University of St Andrews
Published: September 2021

[Extract from Executive Summary] Ocean Literacy (OL), or Ocean Citizenship, is the basis of a movement to sway positive, lasting change in communities that will benefit the sea, coast and climate. An ocean literate person is understanding of the ocean’s influence on their own lives, as well as the way that their behaviours influence the ocean and is knowledgeable concerning ocean threats. A degree of informed-ness (or ‘literacy’) is thought to inspire effective communication and allow for impactful decision-making regarding personal lifestyle and behaviours, which are subsequently beneficial to the marine and coastal environment. Not only that, a collective OL mindset may be translated into policy, informing marine spatial planning authorities of people’s expectations regarding their marine and coastal spaces.
Functional analysis of trellising systems and their impact on quality and productivity in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. Flavicarpa and f. Pupurea, Degener) cultivars in Colombia
Authors: Cleves-Leguízamo José-Alejandro
Published: September 2021

Abstract In the last decade, passion fruit cultivation has regained special importance expressed in the increase of the planting area in order to supply growing markets. This study systematizes research and production experiences gathered in more than three decades of technical work in the central region of Colombia, at locations of Valle del Cauca, Cauca, Huila, Tólima, Quindio and Risaralda. Extensive field visits were conducted with farmers, students and technicians. Initially, general information on passion fruit cultivation, edaphoclimatic requirements are reviewed, analyzing the effect of climatological variables such as wind speed, relative humidity, temperature, rainfall and sunshine, in intensive production processes, which are manifested in the monthly distribution of production volume, expressed as percentage, taking as a reference the three support and conduction systems (simple trellis, “T” system and double cordon), highlighting attributes, advantages, disadvantages and their relationship with productivity and quality. Finally, the effect of pollinating agents was described. It was concluded that according to the ecophysiological requirements of passion fruit cultivation under tropical Colombian conditions, the trellising system, which presents the greatest advantages for cultural and phytosanitary management is the simple trellis, obtaining higher production volumes of optimum quality.
GESTÃO DE PROGRAMAS E SERVIÇOS DE TRANSFERÊNCIA E DIFUSÃO DE TECNOLOGIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA REGIÃO CAFEEIRA DO SUL DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: ROMANIELLO MARCELO MÁRCIO , AMÂNCIO ROBSON
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Visando à manutenção de destaque da cafeicultura sul-mineira no cenário nacional, o estado de Minas Gerais, por intermédio de suas instituições públicas, criou um programa de desenvolvimento regional que se constitui no canal formal para a difusão de inovações e tecnologias para a região. Com esse objetivo, foi implantado o Circuito Sul-Mineiro de Cafeicultura, que tem como finalidade sistematizar e organizar encontros na área de cafeicultura na região, integrando as instituições de pesquisa, ensino, extensão e os cafeicultores para atender aos principais problemas referentes à cafeicultura. Entretanto, apesar da importância desse programa para a região, a sua gestão e os serviços prestados ainda não foram avaliados. Portanto, conduziu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de analisar esta iniciativa de difusão de tecnologia para o desenvolvimento rural, considerando-se uma abordagem metodológica orientada por diferentes métodos de pesquisa, analisando e identificando as atitudes dos organizadores, patrocinadores e o comportamento dos cafeicultores em relação a esse programa. Com esta pesquisa, evidenciou-se que a combinação de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos demonstrou ser uma abordagem adequada e complementar para extrair dados e analisar o programa sob foco.
O ARRANJO PRODUTIVO DE FRANCA (SP): UM ESTUDO SOBRE A PRODUTIVIDADE DA MÃO-DE-OBRA NAS EMPRESAS FABRICANTES DE CALÇADOS
Authors: MOORI ROBERTO GIRO , PERERA LUIZ CARLOS JACOB
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Este trabalho trata da análise do desempenho da produtividade da mão-deobra, individual e agregada, das empresas que compõem o Arranjo Produtivo de empresas fabricantes de calçados do município de Franca, Estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa realizada em 2002, de natureza exploratória, limitouse a uma amostra não probabilística composta de 16 empresas, sendo duas empresas de grande porte, sete empresas de médio porte e sete empresas de pequeno porte. Foram aplicadas as técnicas estatísticas descritiva e inferencial (o teste de correlação bivariada). O resultado revelou que não existe evidência da homogeneidade do desempenho da produtividade da mão-de-obra entre as empresas que compõem o Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL), uma vez que elas são díspares, não simétricas, mostrando que o setor calçadista do município de Franca está mais próximo de um ajuntamento de empresas similares do que de um APL. Isso mostra a necessidade de investimentos em projetos de capacitação gerencial que permitam o desenvolvimento do APL, resultando em vantagens competitivas coletivas e dinâmicas.
FATORES QUE INTERFEREM NA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE UM MODELO DE GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA BASEADO NO BALANCED SCORECARD: ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: GALAS EDUARDO SANTOS , FORTE SÉRGIO HENRIQUE ARRUDA CAVALCANTE
Published: September 2021

RESUMO O Balanced Scorecard (BSC) é uma ferramenta empresarial que traduz a missão e a estratégia da organização em um conjunto de medidas de desempenho para propiciar a formação de uma estrutura de medição estratégica e de um sistema de gestão eficiente. Muitos fatores, entretanto, interferem na implantação de um instrumento gerencial desse porte, tanto em empresas privadas como em públicas. Objetivando identificar quais fatores interferiram na implantação de um Modelo de Gestão Estratégica (MGE) baseado no BSC em uma instituição governamental, realizou-se em 2003 uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva por meio de um estudo de caso na Embrapa. Foram aplicados questionários aos gerentes do MGE de 10 das 40 Unidades da empresa. Identificou-se que diversos fatores interferem na implantação do BSC, destacando-se os relacionados aos gerentes nos diversos níveis. O grau de envolvimento e apoio da alta direção da organização foi considerado o principal fator para o sucesso na implantação de um instrumento de gestão como o BSC.
Fatores associados à Sarcopenia em idosos da comunidade
Authors: Nunes Juliana Duarte , Zacarin Juliana de Fátima , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana , Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos Santos , Orlandi Fabiana de Souza
Published: September 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores associados à sarcopenia em idosos da comunidade. Tratou-se de um estudo correlacional, de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 234 idosos da comunidade. Para avaliar a sarcopenia foram utilizados os critérios do European working group on sarcopenia in older people (EWGSOP2) e para coleta de dados foram utilizados: questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde para caracterização dos idosos; escala de depressão geriátrica, Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination-revised, international physical activity questionnaire, versão longa e o medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey. Houve predominância de pessoas do sexo feminino (n=151; 68,30%), de cor branca (n=163; 73,80%), com sobrepeso, segundo o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) (n=124; 56,10%) e 24,90% (n=55) dos participantes apresentaram sarcopenia, segundo os critérios do consenso europeu. Se associaram à sarcopenia os seguintes fatores: idade (OR=1,06; p=0,010), IMC<22kg/m2(OR=5,82; p=0,003), ser insuficientemente ativo fisicamente (OR=3,29; p=0,002) e presença de quedas (OR=2,20; p=0,033). Os idosos com idade avançada, com baixo peso, insuficientemente ativos fisicamente e que sofreram quedas têm mais chance de apresentar sarcopenia.
Comparação dos aspectos da autoimagem e domínios da qualidade de vida em idosos praticantes e não praticantes de pilates em Curitiba, Paraná
Authors: Silva Cinthia Fernanda da Fonseca , Hackenberg Crismarie Casper , Pastre Taís Glauce Fernandes de Lima , Oliveira Valdomiro de , Vagetti Gislaine Cristina
Published: September 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os aspectos da autoimagem e domínios da qualidade de vida em idosos praticantes e não praticantes de pilates na cidade de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. O estudo foi quantitativo, descritivo, comparativo e com delineamento transversal. A população da pesquisa foi formada por 93 idosos, após cálculo amostral com tamanho de efeito f (0,43). A amostra foi intencional e os participantes foram divididos em três grupos: grupo pilates, grupo hidroginástica e grupo não praticante. A pesquisa foi realizada por aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico, econômico, autoimagem, WHOQOL-BREF e OLD. A análise estatística foi feita por meio de avaliação comparativa com Anova, teste qui-quadrado e post hoc de Bonferroni. A comparação da autoimagem entre os grupos não mostrou nenhuma diferença significativa (X2=3,72, p=0,15), apesar de o número de participantes com baixa autoimagem ter sido alto. Nos domínios da qualidade de vidal, os grupos pilates e hidroginástica apresentaram maiores valores de média, em geral. No WHOQOL-OLD, foram identificadas diferenças significativas no domínio autonomia (F(2,90)= 7,46, p=0,001) entre os grupos pilates e hidroginástica, quando comparados ao grupo não praticantes. No domínio morte e morrer (F(2,90)=4,46, p=0,01), os maiores valores foram no grupo não praticantes em relação ao grupo pilates. Os resultados sugerem que a prática de atividade física pode beneficiar os idosos na questão da qualidade de vida, porém não isoladamente.
Tradução e adaptação cultural para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil da Canadian survey of mobilization of ICU patients
Authors: Gesser Ana Flávia , Gulini Juliana El Hage Meyer de Barros , Koo Karen Kin-Yue , Bonorino Kelly Cattelan
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o questionário Canadian survey of mobilization of intensive care unit patients para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil. Este instrumento avalia profissionais de unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) em relação aos conhecimentos sobre a mobilização precoce (MP) e sua importância, as percepções sobre barreiras e as práticas de reabilitação com o paciente crítico. O protocolo incluiu as etapas: autorização e cessão de direitos de uso; tradução do instrumento para a língua portuguesa; reconciliação; retrotradução para a língua original; revisão e harmonização da retrotradução; aprovação da autora principal do questionário original; revisão da versão em português; desdobramento cognitivo; e reconciliação e elaboração da versão final. Devido a algumas diferenças conceituais e culturais entre os dois países, algumas dúvidas foram discutidas com a autora principal do instrumento, a qual concordou com as alterações sugeridas. No desdobramento cognitivo, os 10 profissionais selecionados testaram a clareza, compreensão e aceitabilidade do questionário, e demonstraram suas dificuldades quanto ao conteúdo deste. Muitos entrevistados evidenciaram que o instrumento desperta reflexões importantes sobre as práticas diárias e os benefícios com a realização da MP. O questionário intitulado Pesquisa de mobilização de pacientes em unidade de terapia intensiva: conhecimento, perspectivas e práticas atuais encontra-se traduzido e adaptado culturalmente para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil, podendo ser utilizado para avaliar aspectos da MP por profissionais que participam deste processo em UTIs adulto e pediátricas. Estudos futuros utilizando esta versão serão necessários para verificar se o questionário fornece medidas reprodutíveis e válidas.
Hospital – primary care articulation in care transition: both sides of the process
Authors: Mauro Adriéli Donati , Cucolo Danielle Fabiana , Perroca Marcia Galan
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze how the articulation between hospital and primary health care related to patient discharge and continuity of care after hospitalization takes place. Method: Qualitative study, using the focus group technique to explore the experience of 21 nurses in hospitals (n = 10) and at primary care (n = 11) in a municipality in the northwest area of the State of São Paulo. Data collection took place between December 2019 and April 2020. Four focus groups were carried out (two in the hospital and two in the health units) and the findings underwent thematic analysis. Results: The categories identified were: Patient inclusion flow in the responsible discharge planning, Patient/family member/caregiver participation, Care planning, Communication between services, and Challenges in the discharge process. According to reports, the discharge process is centered on bureaucratic aspects with gaps in communication and coordination of care. Conclusion: This research allowed understanding how nurses from different points of health care experience the discharge and (dis)articulation of the team work. The findings can equip managers in the (re)agreement of practices and integration of services to promote continuity of care.
COPING STRATEGIES USED BY HOSPITAL EMERGENCY NURSES
Authors: Santana Thiago da Silva , Servo Maria Lúcia Silva , Sousa Anderson Reis de , Fontoura Elaine Guedes , Góis Rebeca Maria Oliveira de , Merces Magno Conceição das
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the Coping Strategies used by hospital emergency nurses. Method: qualitative study with a descriptive exploratory approach, conducted with 15 nurses from an emergency hospital department in the public healthcare network of a municipality in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The semi-structured in-depth interview was used. Data were collected from April to June 2017. The findings are based on the collective subject discourse method, supported by the theoretical Coping framework. Results: the presence of stress generating situations is significant in the work of hospital emergency nurses, causing social, labor and psychosomatic repercussions to emerge emotional or psychiatric disorders that affect the body's functionality, including physical repercussions. The development of Coping Strategies arises in the face of the need to cope with stressors. They involve the use of personal, social and spiritual resources, and reveal themselves in positive and/or negative responses. The discourse revealed that, when focused on the problem (management of the stressor), they seek to strengthen social support, plan their daily activities and establish a dialogic and mutual help relationship with the team; when centered on emotion (regulation of emotions or distress), they exercise the search and maintenance of emotional control, practice self-control, move away from the stressor element and invest in physical activity and leisure practices. Conclusion: the nurse employs different Coping Strategies which are essential and indispensable to avoid increasing stress levels and triggering negative repercussions. The strategies undertaken are now centered on the problem, or emotion.
Taxonomic and functional turnover of Amazonian stream fish assemblages is determined by deforestation history and environmental variables at multiple scales
Authors: Brejão Gabriel L. , Hoeinghaus David J. , Roa-Fuentes Camilo A. , Pérez-Mayorga María Angélica , Ferraz Silvio F. B. , Casatti Lilian
Published: September 2021

Abstract High rates of deforestation, either in the past or the present, affect many of the ecological processes in streams. Integrating deforestation history and the current landscape structure enhances the evaluation of ecological effects of land-use change. This is especially true when contemporary landscape conditions are similar but the temporal path to those conditions differs. One approach that has shown promise for evaluating biodiversity responses over time and space is the β-diversity partitioning, which combines taxonomic and functional trait-based approaches. We tested hypotheses related to stream fish assemblages’ turnover in watersheds with different environmental conditions and deforestation histories. We sampled fish from 75 watersheds in the Machado River basin, Brazil, and environmental factors were quantified at multiple scales. Taxonomic turnover was higher than expected by chance, whereas functional turnover was lower than expected by the observed taxonomic turnover, indicating that deterministic processes are structuring these assemblages. The turnover, and the environmental factors differed among watersheds with different deforestation histories. Besides being scale-dependent, turnover patterns are also likely dependent on land use dynamics and involve time-lags.
Retratos, relatos e impressões de crianças moradoras da periferia de São Paulo sobre a cidade,
Authors: Bertagnoni Larissa , Galheigo Sandra Maria
Published: September 2021

Resumo Crianças em situação de vulnerabilidade representam o grupo social mais exposto a constrangimentos que dificultam a tarefa de conhecer e pertencer à cidade onde moram. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer e compreender as percepções de crianças vivendo em condições complexas de vulnerabilidades, residentes na periferia, acerca de seu território na cidade de São Paulo, assim como identificar as relações por elas estabelecidas com esses espaços. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa participativa, de caráter colaborativo, por meio do fotovoz. Foram realizados sete encontros com um grupo de cinco crianças entre 08 e 10 anos de idade em acompanhamento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil (CAPSij). As narrativas verbais e visuais passaram por análise temática em diálogo com diário de campo da pesquisadora, que resultou nas seguintes categorias: (1) Corpo: experimentando a si mesmo e constituindo um grupo; (2) CAPSij: revisitando pela fotografia um espaço conhecido; (3) O território como lugar de desejo e consumo; (4) Percursos cotidianos e histórias de vida no território físico e existencial e; (5) As sutilezas em meio ao concreto da cidade: território e natureza. A pesquisa revelou que as crianças têm um olhar detalhado e crítico sobre seus espaços de circulação e pelas relações estabelecidas com o território. Olhar este permeado por suas singularidades de vida, atento ao belo e à delicadeza da natureza em meio ao concreto cinza da cidade, dialogando constantemente com as culturas de massa e os valores sociais hegemônicos.
EVERARDO ADOLPHO BACKHEUSER: UM EXPERT DA EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA?
Authors: Pinto Neuza Bertoni
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Analisando o percurso profissional de Everardo Adolpho Backheuser, em suas relações com o contexto educacional das décadas de 1920 e 1930, este estudo indaga sobre a expertise desse educador no campo da matemática escolar, na difusão dos ideais da Escola Nova junto à gestão de Fernando de Azevedo, na Diretoria da Instrução Pública do Rio de Janeiro. A partir de critérios advindos de aportes sócio-históricos, de Hofstetter e Schneuwly; Morais; e Valente, o estudo conclui afirmando o perfil de expert em educação matemática do educador em questão.
On covariation between nasal consonant weakening and anticipatory vowel nasalization: Evidence from a Caribbean and a non-Caribbean dialect of Spanish
Authors: Bongiovanni Silvina
Published: September 2021

Dialects of Spanish can be (broadly) categorized as ‘preferring’ a coronal or a velar realization for the word-final nasal consonant ([n]- and [ŋ] -dialects, respectively). Scholars have observed that the phonetic and phonological details of the pre-nasal vowel among [ŋ]-dialects differ from those of [n]-dialects. The prevailing view in Spanish phonology is that backing and nasalization are part of a more general process of weakening: /n/ goes [ŋ] before going to zero, leaving nasalization ‘residue’ in the pre-nasal vowel. Despite the well-documented dialectal differences and covariation pressures in anticipatory vowel nasalization, instrumental studies examining Spanish weakening of the nasal consonant together with anticipatory vowel nasalization are scarce. To this end, I compare co-variation between the word-final nasal consonant and anticipatory vowel nasalization in an [ŋ]-dialect and an [n]- one. Twenty-eight speakers from Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) and twenty-six from Buenos Aires (Argentina) were recorded with a nasometer. Findings revealed that both dialects are susceptible to covariation pressures. At the same time, despite exhibiting similar degrees of nasal consonant weakening, Santo Domingo Spanish exhibits earlier onset of nasalization nonetheless, suggesting that dialectal differences in the temporal extent of anticipatory vowel nasalization cannot be exclusively ascribed to nasal consonant weakening.
Effects of a videogame in math performance and anxiety in primary school
Authors: Rocha Mariana , Dondio Pierpaolo
Published: September 2021

The present paper describes the design and evaluation of a videogame developed to support math education and overcome math anxiety (MA) at the primary school level. The game narrative is based on the history of math. The player travels back on time and meets on-player characters such as Pythagoras of Samos and Ada Lovelace, learning about how math was used during their times. The player is invited to play a minigame where the concepts shared by the characters are used as a strategy to win. The game’s evaluation consisted of a pre and post-testing study that measured students’ math performance and MA levels. The experiment also included a group interview to collect students’ perceptions about the game. The experiment lasted five weeks, and 88 students from three primary schools played the game on weekly sessions 45-60 minutes long. Statistical analysis suggested the game significantly improves students’ math performance. However, the results indicated that female students from one of the classrooms had higher MA levels after playing the game. In addition, qualitative data shows students had a high level of engagement with the gameplay.
Security Awareness Level Evaluation of Healthcare Participants Through Educational Games
Authors: Pulido Mario A. , Johnson Chris W. , Alzahrani Ahmed
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper consists of implementing an educational board game to evaluate the information security awareness level of healthcare personnel. The National Health Service Greater Glasgow and Clyde (NHSGGC) Information Security Acceptable Use Policy was used as a basis to generate the educational content of the board game and Lev Vygotsky’s social development theory was followed for the learning process of the participants. Two evaluations were carried out during this study. The results obtained during the first evaluation showed that it is fundamental to design the board game based on a set of rules in information security enacted by an organization to properly guide the participants with the knowledge they need to counter security incidents. The second evaluation showed that redesigning the content of the board game based on the information security policies of the NHSGGC, resulted in a more effective way of guiding participants on the procedures required for compliance with the policies of this health institution and offer them an understanding of the risks behind security incidents. This was demonstrated during this evaluation since the results obtained gave an approximation that it is possible to increase the level of awareness of information security in people regardless of their area of work or studies.
Flow Experience and Situational Interest in Game-Based Learning: Cousins or Identical Twins
Authors: Kiili Kristian Juha Mikael , Lindstedt Antero , Koskinen Antti , Halme Hilma , Ninaus Manuel , McMullen Jake
Published: September 2021

While game-based learning seems to be an effective instructional approach, the underlying learning and engagement mechanisms of games are still poorly understood. In the current study, we investigated to what extent flow experience and situational interest are different indicators of engagement in game-based learning. Fifty-two Finnish 5th graders played a game on fractions at home during COVID-19 enforced distance learning. Flow and situational interest measures were embedded directly into the game environment. Results revealed that although flow experience and situational interest constructs share similar components, they also differ. In particular, regression analysis indicated that situational interest is mostly related to immersive aspects of flow. Moreover, learning gains achieved by playing the game and situational interest were positively related – a relation not found with flow. Although flow was not related to learning gains, it seems to be a more competence-oriented construct than situational interest as it was positively correlated with in-game performance. The design of the game successfully supported weaker students with adaptive scaffolds and in-game self-reporting measures worked well. Taken together, even though situational interest and flow share similar components, both constructs are important for multifaceted assessment of engagement in game-based learning. Theoretical and practical implications for engagement research and game design are discussed.
UNDERSTANDING THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION AT THE WORKPLACE: COMPONENTS AND SCOPE
Authors: M Budeli
Published: September 2021

Freedom of association is one of the most important fundamental rights entrenched in a number of legal international and domestic instruments, especially the International Labour Organization (“ILO”) Conventions, national constitutions and labour legislation.The right to freedom of association can be exercised in different sectors of human activity. It is also critical to the workplace. However, despite its widespread “veneration”, the right to freedom of association remains a contested concept. It does not mean the same thing for employees and employers and defining it remains a challenge even among labour lawyers and analysts. It is against this background that the paper strives to examine the meaning, contents and scope of the right to freedom of association.
COMBATING HARASSMENT UNDER THE PROTECTION FROM HARASSMENT ACT 17 OF 2011 IN SOUTH AFRICA: DOES IT PUNISH VICTIMS AND PROTECT PERPETRATORS?
Authors: Bronwyn Le-Ann Batchelor  , Shelton Tapiwa Mota Makore
Published: September 2021

The Protection from Harassment Act 17 of 2011 (the Act) seeks to protect victims of harassment. Despite this legislative development, the effectiveness of the Act has not been widely explored. This article fills this cavity. It argues that the broadly drafted definition of harassment, together with other concomitant shortcomings in the Act, makes it prone to abuse by unscrupulous litigants, thereby militating against its regulatory efficiency goals. The article further maintains that the Act is constructed in an unbalanced manner as it protects the rights of complainants, but unintentionally is open to abuse, allowing, unfathomably, an alleged victim of harassment to become the harasser. The article analyses the regulatory aptness of the Act in an age marked by an exponential increase in cyber-related harassment and makes a case for enhancing the regulatory approach of the Act to offer an effective means of protecting victims of harassment in a rapidly evolving society.
Hydrogen and its effect on the grinding of Ti-Ni powder
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Abdulmenova Ekaterina , Kulkov Sergey ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Industrial nickel-titanium alloy PN55T45 closed to the equiatomic composition is widely used for the manufacture of products by powder metallurgy. To achieve high physical and mechanical properties of the material obtained by this method, it is necessary to use fine powders, which can be obtained by implementing high-intensity grinding in a planetary ball mill. However, during such treatment, contamination, powder oxidation and particle aggregation, etc. are possible. To solve this problem, preliminary hydrogenation is proposed for subsequent grinding in a planetary ball mill. The aim of the work is to study the effect of hydrogen on the grinding of titanium nickelide powder. Materials and methods. The morphology and average particle size of the powders were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The structure and phase composition of the powders were investigated by the methods of X-ray structural and X-ray phase analysis. The data of X-ray structural analysis were used to estimate the dislocation density. Results and discussions. It is shown that the use of pre-hydrogenation for 180 minutes before machining allows reducing the average particle size by about a half. After mechanical treatment of the powder, the parameters of the crystal lattices of the TiNi (austenite), Ti2Ni and Ni3Ti phases do not change within the error range. After mechanical treatment of the powder with preliminary hydrogenation, the crystal lattice parameter of only the Ti2Ni phase changes significantly, in particular, at 180 minutes of hydrogenation, the lattice parameter increases to 1.1457 ± 5×10-4 nm, which corresponds to the stoichiometry of the Ti2NiH0.5 hydride with a lattice parameter of 1.1500 nm. The highest dislocation density estimated by X-ray diffraction analysis is contained in the Ti2Ni (511) phase than in the TiNi (austenite) (110) and Ni3Ti (202) phases. Thus, preliminary hydrogenation can be an effective method of powder grinding due to the formation of brittle hydride and suppression of the aggregation of fine particles during high-intensity mechanical treatment.