bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positional Change Used to Manage Postextubation Respiratory Failure in a Child With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Hirokawa Jun , Hidaka Kouichi , Kanemaru Mitsuyo , Hitosugi Takashi , Oshima Yu , Yokoyama Takeshi
Published: October 2023

Dental treatment for patients with cerebral palsy (CP) is often performed under general anesthesia due to involuntary movements that can render dental treatment difficult. Since CP is often accompanied by spasticity, care must be taken when positioning patients during general anesthesia. We report the management of a 14-year-old girl with CP and epilepsy undergoing general anesthesia for dental treatment who experienced respiratory failure due to acute thoracoabdominal muscle hypertonia after extubation. She had a history of cardiac arrest due to respiratory failure caused by acute muscle hypertonia and successful resuscitation. General anesthesia was induced after careful positioning of the patient to prevent spastic muscle stretching, and the dental treatment was completed without complications. However, upon awakening after extubation, the patient developed respiratory failure due to acute muscle hypertonia. The patient was resedated and repositioned from a supine to a sitting position, and her symptoms improved. There was no recurrence of muscle hypertonia, and she recovered fully without complications. In this case, respiratory failure associated with acute muscle hypertonia was successfully managed by position change after initial treatment with positive-pressure ventilation and propofol. It is important to be prepared for the possibility of respiratory failure associated with acute muscle hypertonia and its countermeasures when providing general anesthesia for patients with CP.
Dental Treatment Under General Anesthesia With Nasal Intubation in a Patient With Selective Immunoglobulin A Deficiency
Authors: Sakuma Yuho , Ogawa Mika , Nakagawa Chie , Momota Kodai , Kaji Emi , Matsumura Kingo , Morinaga Saori , Nogami Kentaro , Ikeda Mizuko
Published: October 2023

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency is one of the most common immune disorders characterized by increased susceptibility to infections, especially involving the respiratory tract and mucosal surfaces of the mouth, gingiva, and nasal sinus. Because dental surgery and general anesthesia may pose an increased risk for systemic infections, management of IgA-deficient patients requires caution during dental procedures and intubated general anesthesia. We report a 5-year-old female patient with IgA deficiency who underwent extraction of 18 deciduous teeth under general anesthesia. Antibiotic prophylaxis and antiseptic mouthwash were used perioperatively to reduce bacteremia risks. Nasotracheal intubation was carefully performed after applying topical disinfectants and epinephrine-containing gauze packing into the nasal cavity to minimize trauma. The patient was carefully monitored overnight in the hospital and discharged without any signs or symptoms of infection the next day. Dental anesthesia providers must be aware of the potential implications for safe practice when managing patients with IgA deficiency.
As emendas parlamentares e o orçamento secreto: propósitos declarados e interesses (re) velados
Authors: Alves Linhares Neto Damásio
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho objetiva discutir as contradições entre as justificativas formais apresentadas para a implantação da Emenda do Relator Geral do Orçamento no arcabouço jurídico do Brasil e a sua efetiva finalidade. Foram traçados os seguintes objetivos específicos: i) compreender a importância do Estado Democrático de Direito e o processo de formulação das leis do Brasil; ii) detalhar o processo de institucionalização da Emenda do Relator-Geral; e iii) identificar as contradições entre as justificativas formais e os interesses envolvidos na execução da emenda do relator e analisa-las à luz do marco teórico estudado. Conclui-se que a criação da Emenda de Relator-Geral do Orçamento, a despeito de suas justificativas formais, teve por finalidade precípua a cooptação de congressistas para compor a base parlamentar do governo.
Relações de trabalho e maternidade no contexto esportivo
Authors: Viana-Meireles Livia Gomes , Meyer Antônia Vaneska Timbó de Lima , Camilo Juliana Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: October 2023

A Psicologia Social do Trabalho tem contribuído para a visibilidade e ampliação da compreensão do trabalho em seus diferentes formatos e contextos de atividade, alertando para a necessidade de se olhar para os trabalhos não regulamentados, como é o caso da atleta profissional. Nesse contexto, ainda mais fragilizada é a relação de trabalho da mulher atleta, principalmente, quando ela decide ser mãe e a precariedade no trabalho se acentua. Este artigo examina a trajetória de uma atleta de rendimento da seleção brasileira de vôlei, Tandara Caixeta, por meio do que tem sido veiculado nas mídias eletrônicas, especialmente os sites esportivos, sobre sua relação trabalhista com um clube. Foram analisadas 31 reportagens em sites que relacionavam com a gravidez e sua busca na justiça por seus direitos trabalhistas. A partir dos materiais coletados foi possível compreender que a problemática em questão versou sobre dois principais pontos: a relação contratual e a desproteção das atletas por ocasião da maternidade. Conclui-se que o apoio social, familiar e da equipe é fundamental para um retorno saudável da atleta ao seu rendimento, mas o apoio financeiro é fundamental para a manutenção do bem-estar e satisfação laboral.
Subjetivar-se em situação de violência
Authors: Rode Carolina Almeida , Teixeira Maria de Lourdes Trassi
Published: October 2023

Na pesquisa em questão, relaciona-se a violência de Estado com a criminalidade na vida dos adolescentes da periferia autores de atos infracionais, partindo do viés da Psicologia Social. Abordando a historicidade das violências estruturais no Brasil, enquanto configuração de um Estado democrático de exceção permanente - pela implementação de um projeto necropolítico -, o trabalho baseou-se em quatro eixos teóricos principais: a violência de Estado, a necropolítica, o racismo estrutural e os adolescentes autores de atos infracionais. Para pensar os efeitos psicossociais da segregação, da violência, do racismo e da criminalização da pobreza na construção da subjetividade dos adolescentes autores de atos infracionais, o trabalho teve como método a análise do livro “Memórias de um Sobrevivente”, de Luiz Alberto Mendes. As discussões abrangem o crime enquanto status e visibilidade; as análises de uma vida imersa em violência generalizada; e as torturas policiais em relação com a violência por vingança. Conclui-se que os estigmas aprisionam o sujeito em crenças de que ele só tem capacidade de ser o “marginal esperado”, quem reage violentamente como efeito psicossocial de uma violência estrutural que produz sujeitos agressivos. Assim, a criação de novas práticas de atuação em psicologia nas situações sociais críticas se faz imprescindível e urgente.
Hermenêutica Bíblica de Paul Ricoeur Aplicada às Bíblicas laicas
Authors: Leite Francisco Benedito
Published: October 2023

No presente artigo realizamos a abordagem de uma reflexão teológica realizada por Paul Ricoeur sobre a relação da comunidade cristã com o texto sagrado. Por meio de um processo de afunilamento, passamos da abordagem geral de seu pensamento teológico para uma abordagem mais específica, a qual é feita por meio da leitura de seu breve ensaio: “O texto ‘sagrado’ e a comunidade”. Por fim, aplicamos a perspectiva da hermenêutica bíblica que Ricoeur desenvolve nesse texto às Bíblias laicas, cuja importância pode ser compreendida à luz de seu pensamento, apesar de sua existência não ter sido presumida pelo pensador.
Hardware and software provision of the vibration acceleration spectrum monitoring system
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Teslyuk V. M. , Ripak N. S. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Holovatyy A. I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Opotyak Yu. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Teslyuk T. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

Among all types of mechanical influences, vibration is the most dangerous for technical objects. Alternating stresses caused by vibration contribute to the accumulation of damage in materials, system design, and failure. The destruction of the object occurs quite quickly under vibrational influences under the conditions of resonance, at the same time, vibration causes a violation of the physiological and functional states of a person. The impact of vibration on a person depends on its spectral composition, direction of action, duration of exposure, as well as on the individual characteristics of the person. The structure of the vibration acceleration spectrum monitoring system was developed, which is based on the modular principle and includes a microcontroller, an accelerometer, a liquid crystal graphic color display, flash memory, and a microcomputer monitor. Algorithms of the vibration acceleration spectrum monitoring system were developed, including the accelerometer calibration algorithm, the dynamic acceleration measurement algorithm, and the fast Fourier transformation algorithm. The I2C interface for data exchange between the ADXL345 accelerometer and the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B microcomputer is defined. The software that processes the input information from several accelerometers connected to the Raspberry Pi, which enables multi-channel measurements and their analysis, is developed. The results of testing the built system are given which make it possible to assert the correctness and correctness of the functioning of the developed system. The article includes an introduction, an analysis of literary sources with a statement of the researched problem, in the section “Development of the structure and information support of the system for monitoring the spectrum of vibration accelerations” the developed structure of the system and the features of its hardware implementation are given. The hardware implementation was based on the use of inexpensive components to ensure a low price of the technological solution. In addition, in this section, I2C is selected for the implementation of data exchange between the components of the vibration spectrum monitoring system. The section “Algorithmic support of the designed system” describes the main steps of the algorithm. The section “Development of the vibration acceleration monitoring system software” includes information about the developed structure of the software and a brief description of a specific component. The results of testing the developed system are given in the section “Obtained results and their analysis”. The main results of the conducted research are formulated in the conclusions.
A Study on Consumer Perception of NFT based on Brand Concept Map
Authors: Zhang Jinbo , Li Jing
Published: October 2023

As the digital economy and meta-universe continue to expand, there is a growing demand for research on Digital Collection. For companies seeking to achieve rapid growth and advance digital consumption, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of how consumers perceive Digital Collection in today’s digital age. Based on the introduction of brand concept maps, this study draws a map of the consumer perception structure of Digital Collection with Chinese consumers as the research object and provides corresponding suggestions for enterprises to carry out marketing activities using Digital Collection, which is guiding significance for the healthy and green development of the Digital Collection market development and promotion.
Review on Technologies Applied to Classification of Tomato Leaf Virus Diseases
Authors: Okengwu Ugochi A. , Akpughe Hillard A. , Odogu Eyinanabo , Ojetunmibi Taiye
Published: October 2023

Tomato leaf virus diseases present a significant risk to tomato cultivation, leading to substantial financial losses worldwide. Implementing appropriate control measures depends on these diseases being accurately and quickly identified and classified. This article provides an insight into the analysis of the various technologies used to classify tomato leaf virus diseases as well as some similar plant leaf virus disease. The review encompasses both traditional and modern techniques, including image processing, machine learning, and deep learning methods. It explores the use of different imaging techniques, such as visible light RGB, infrared, and hyperspectral imaging, for capturing leaf disease symptoms. Additionally, it emphasizes the growing significance of deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks, in identifying diseases with extreme precision.  Overall, this study offers insightful information on the technological developments for the categorization of tomato leaf viral illnesses, promoting the creation of efficient disease management techniques.
A Graphical and Qualitative Review of Literature on AI-based Cyber-Threat Intelligence (CTI) in Banking Sector
Authors: Ndukwe Eke Roberts , Baridam Barilee
Published: October 2023

Cyber threats have become a threat to the banking industry, and resulting in the business attempting to implement artificial intelligence strategies while build resilient cyber-defense systems. This is done to ensure that unauthorized access, which leads to cyber-attacks, is severely limited. The credit trade is undergoing significant technical change. Because of this, crucial to comprehend implications a cyber threat, as well as how technologies implementation that is artificial intelligence will revolutionize entire sector. Paper aims at examining how AI affects cyber threat intelligence in the commerce subdivision. A graphical and qualitative analysis of available publications, primarily conference papers, was carried out. Despite being widely used in India and the United States, there are still few studies in the AI field. Furthermore, no study found that African banks used AI for cyber threat intelligence.
Analysis of innovation readiness level in SME exporting crafts sub-sector on furniture in Yogyakarta
Authors: Santoso Sugeng , Donna Lisa Safirah Bella , Kayani Indah , Cahyanugraha Imanuel , Arfiandi Derri , Aryati Djujuk
Published: October 2023

One of Indonesia's leading exports from the manufacturing industry is the furniture sector. Yogyakarta is one of the regions with the largest furniture exports in Indonesia. CV. CA is one of the creative economy actors in the craft sub-sector who has succeeded in creating a variety of simple and elegant products with quality and certified wood raw materials. This research method uses qualitative and quantitative approaches. CV CA develops products and carries out a level of readiness for innovation and competes with similar competitors. Based on the results of this study, CV CA's business processes are proven in the field and pass the competency. Therefore, through this research, we can find out what CV CA has implemented so that it can penetrate the export market and revive the SME’s of the creative economy industry.
Analysis of the effect of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and the use of paylater application on impulse buying behavior (review of Maqashid Syariah)
Authors: Harahap Muhammad Ikhsan , Soemitra Andri , Nawawi Zuhrinal M
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Fear of Missing out and the use of paylater applications on impulse buying behavior in terms of maqashid sharia. This study uses a quantitative approach using a sample of students from the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business who use the paylater application. Data analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study stated that Fear of Missing Out and the use of the paylater application had an effect on impulse buying behavior. Based on the maqashid sharia review, the Fear of Missing out phenomenon and the use of paylater applications and impulse buying behavior are not in accordance with sharia goals
La importancia de la estimulación sensorial en el desarrollo cognitivo: Un análisis documental y de campo
Authors: Rosales Marco , Revelo Priscila , Guijarro Johanna
Published: October 2023

La estimulación sensorial se ha convertido en el pilar fundamental para que los niños posean un mejor desarrollo. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene como propósito analizar el desarrollo cognitivo a través de la estimulación temprana sensorial motora en la primera infancia.

La metodología utilizada sigue un enfoque cuantitativo de carácter documental y de campo, de corte transversal no experimental. La técnica utilizada para recolectar datos primarios fue la encuesta, aplicada a 90 docentes de Inicial I y II de diferentes establecimientos.

Los hallazgos manifiestan que una buena estimulación y la aplicación de estrategias adecuadas lograran un aprendizaje adecuado en el niño; además, expresa la necesidad de que los infantes reciban en edades tempranas una suficiente estimulación sensorial para desarrollar su área cognitiva.

Se concluye que existe una correlación entre el desarrollo cognitivo en la primera infancia, la influencia del entorno familiar y la estimulación sensorial; y se subraya la importancia de implementar programas de intervención temprana y estrategias educativas centradas en la sensorialidad para promover el desarrollo cognitivo en los niños.
The role of foreign-owned entities in building economic resili-ence in times of crisis: The case of European digital and technologically-intensive firms during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Umiński Stanisław , Nazarczuk Jarosław M. , Borowicz Aleksandra
Published: October 2023

Research background: Over the decades, foreign-owned entities (FOEs) have become an important part of the economic landscape considered as behemoths of globalisation, but also transmitters of positive effects such as technology or know-how spillovers. In times of volatility and uncertainty, firms’ contribution to building a resilient economy is at the top of the public agenda. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is two-fold. Firstly, we test, how FOEs perform in this stressful time of volatility and uncertainty. Secondly, we examine the contribution to resilience by digital and technologically intensive sectors.  Methods: The study utilises the Bureau van Dijk (BvD) Orbis firm-level database as a primary data source. The results are derived with the use of two econometric approaches. Firstly, we estimate a static model utilising the ordinary squares estimator. Secondly, we re-estimate the equations using a two-step System GMM estimator. It introduces a lagged dependent variable into the model and implements a correction for endogeneity among covariates by including instruments (in levels and differences). Findings & value added: We use size, age, ownership, gearing, and intangibility as firms’ financial performance determinants, together with the sector-, country- and time-fixed effects. FOEs compared to domestic ones generated a higher revenue growth rate. In times of crisis high-tech and digital firms are more resilient. However, ownership does not matter in this respect. We contribute to the discussion about functions performed by FOEs in crisis and turbulent times, in which resilience issues are on top of the agenda. Our research intends to bridge the gap between the performance of FOEs, micro-level analysis, and resilience.
The impact of corporate reputation and social media engagement on the sustainability of SMEs: Perceptions of top managers and the owners
Authors: Dvorský Jan , Bednarz Joanna , Blajer-Gołębiewska Anna
Published: October 2023

Research background: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a fundamental role in countries’ economies. Currently, entrepreneurs are struggling not only with the uncertainty of the business environment, but also with high expectations for businesses to be run in a sustainable way. Therefore, the impact of corporate reputation and social media on sustainability is an area of interest for entrepreneurs. In this context, little research has been conducted on their perception of the linkage between these issues. Furthermore, there has been no direct explanation of the effects of SMEs’ reputation and social media usage on their sustainable development, especially in the V4 countries.
Purpose of the article: This article defines, quantifies, and verifies the effects of corporate reputation and social media on sustainable development as perceived by SMEs’ owners and top managers in the V4 countries.
Methods: Data were gathered in December 2022 and January 2023 using the computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI) method. The survey was designed based on a literature review and experts’ opinions. Respondents (top managers of SMEs, n = 1090) were asked questions on their firms’ characteristics, reputation, social media usage and sustainable development. The linear regression modelling (LRM) was utilised to evaluate the hypothesis.
Findings & value added: The study revealed a strong relationship between owners’ and top managers’ perceptions of the importance of both corporate reputation and sustainable development in SMEs. The belief that social media supports the growth of companies’ performance is related to the understanding of the concept of sustainable business development. Surprisingly, for the owners and top managers of SMEs in V4 countries, there was no relationship between the awareness of social media usage to share information with customers and partners and the understanding of sustainable business growth.
“The Things I Touched Were Living“: Autotopography, memory, and identity in Patti Smith's M Train
Authors: Hernández Hellín Silvia
Published: October 2023

In 1995, Jennifer A. González coined the concept of “autotopography” to refer to those collections of objects which contain autobiographical information and may therefore become “museums of the self.” This paper analyzes Patti Smith’s M Train as an autotopographical narrative in which the author displays (through text and photography) the many objects that connect her to the past, acting as triggers for her memories and as repositories of identity. This article stresses that looking into the nature of autobiographical objects, and their links to the different ways of remembering, will allow us to further understand how lives are constituted on the page.
Kinetic modelling for COD and nitrate-N removal from hatchery wastewater through biological approach
Authors: Zainol Norazwina , Aziz Nor Hazwani , Mohamed Nor Rahim Nur Husnina
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to determine the nutrient removal efficiency via the application of mixed cultures from the synthetic hatchery wastewater based on the first-order, second-order and Stover Kincannon models. The synthetic wastewater was prepared according to the characterization of the collected hatchery wastewater sample, and the collected mixed cultures from the pond sediment were acclimatized accordingly. The samples were tested for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrate-N concentration using a Hach spectrophotometer to determine the removal value of the nutrients. The findings show that the highest removal percentage for COD was up to 31.35% on day 3. Meanwhile, the highest removal percentage for nitrate-N was obtained on day 4 at 43.48%. The obtained correlation coefficient,  for COD through first-order, second-order, and Stover Kincannon models is 1, 0.6774, and 0.965, respectively, suggesting that the kinetics of COD removal can be described most properly by the first-order model. A similar model was also reported for nitrate-N with  value of 1, 0.7563, and 0.8693 for the first-order, second-order, and Stover Kincannon models, respectively. Based on the findings, the acclimatized mixed culture used in this study could be a potent natural COD and nitrate-N removal in the hatchery wastewater.
Molecular genetic aberrations in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma
Authors: Bong Ivyna Pau Ni , Esa Ezalia
Published: October 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common form of blood cancer characterized by clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. MM is a complex, progressive, and highly heterogeneous malignancy, which occurs via a multistep transformation process involving primary and secondary oncogenic events. Recent advances in molecular techniques have further expanded our understanding of the mutational landscape, clonal composition, and dynamic evolution patterns of MM. The first part of this review describes the key oncogenic events involved in the initiation and progression of MM, together with their prognostic impact. The latter part highlights the most prominent findings concerning genomic aberrations promoted by gene expression profiling (GEP) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) in MM. This review provides a concise understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the MM genome and the importance of adopting emerging molecular technology in future clinical management of MM.
Performance Evaluation of ST-Based Methods for Simulating and Analyzing Power Quality Disturbances
Authors: Hussein Husham I. , Alazawi Ahmed , Rodríguez A. , Muñoz F.
Published: October 2023

The complexity of power quality disturbances (PQDs) is a significant risk factor in the electricity sector. An accurate and fast analysis of these disturbances provides crucial information to cover all the issues related to power quality. The main objective of this study is to explore a new analytic technique, including all kinds of disturbances that can appear in electrical networks, that differs from previous technologies such as the Fourier transform. Three methods based on the Stockwell transform, namely, the discrete orthonormal Stockwell transform (DOST), discrete cosine Stockwell transform (DCST), and discrete cosine transform (DCT), were used to analyze PQDs in time–frequency representation. These methods diagnose the disturbance's signal properties, which are dependent on resolution and absolute phase information. Nine PQDs, including normal sine waves, were mathematically modeled and used to evaluate the proposed methods. All the methods can effectively simulate and analyze PQDs. Among them, DOST is the most effective in providing clear and high-resolution time–frequency representations of signals. The classification of disturbances was fulfilled based on statistical features extracted from matrices derived from Stockwell transform-based methods, such as analytic approaches (mean, variation, standard deviation, entropy, skewness, and kurtosis). Neural networks, a method utilizing intelligence classifiers, were used for pattern recognition, and the patterns of the different methods were compared. Simulation results proved that DOST needs fewer samples than other methods; its capability to deal with signals in time–frequency resolution is also more viable. The neural network classifier has a higher accuracy rate than the K-nearest neighbor and decision tree methods and approximates the support vector machine method.
Development of E-module Based on Guided Inquiry in Chemical Bonding Topic for Class X Student Learning Materials
Authors: Pawestri Nur Arneta , Erlina* Erlina , Harun Andi Ifriany , Sahputra Rachmat , Lestari Ira
Published: October 2023

The lack of teaching materials that are able to explain the formation of chemical bonds causes students difficulties in learning. Therefore, this study focused on developing guided inquiry-based e-module of chemical bonding. This study aims to determine the feasibility and students response to guided inquiry-based e-module of chemical bonding. This study employs research and development (RD) using ADDIE model which is limited to development stage. The due diligence was carried out by material, media and language experts. The respondents involved were 31 students of class XI MAN 2 Pontianak. The research instruments were the feasibility sheets, media, language, and response questionnaires. The results of the feasibility of e-module test is k=1 (very high validity) and student response tests k=0.85 (very interesting). Those findings indicate that the E-module is very feasible to use
Development of Wordwall-Based Assessment Instruments to Measure Higher Order Thinking Skills Science Material Temperature, Heat, and Expansion
Authors: Saputri Anastasya Eka , Wahyuni* Sri , Wahyuni Diah
Published: October 2023

The application of higher order thinking skills (HOTS) in evaluation aims to improve the quality of students' thinking, especially about the process of solving a problem. This study aims to develop a wordwall-based assessment instrument to measure HOTS. This study methods used the Borg and Gall development model with 8 stages covering, looking for potential and formulating problems, information gathering, product design, product design validation, design revision, small group trials, product revisions, field trials. Respondents who took the test were divided into 2, namely 25 students for small group trials and all of class VII SMPN 2 Maesan, Bondowoso for field trials. The questionnaires used in this study were interview questionnaires, validation questionnaires and tests to find out students' HOTS. The results showed that the validity of the assessment instrument was 80.99% with a valid category along with the items, and the reliability of the assessment instrument was 0.770. The analysis of the discriminating power of the items produced 3 items in the very good category, 10 items in the good category, 4 items in the sufficient category, and 3 items in the poor category. Then the difficulty level analysis produces 5 questions in the too easy category, 12 questions in the medium category, and 3 questions in the too difficult category. Based on the results of the research, the assessment instrument developed was stated to be valid and suitable for use for subsequent learning evaluations even though there were minor revisions
Application of Augmented Reality Module for Alkane Derivatives to Improve Students' Spatial Ability and Mastery of Concepts
Authors: Permana Irvan , Nuraeni* Eni , Pursitasari Indarini Dwi , Yulianti Yuyun
Published: October 2023

Chemistry learning, which includes three levels of representation (macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic), can shape students' mental models of chemistry. The augmented reality module for alkane derivatives (ARMAD) was developed and implemented to improve students' spatial abilities and mastery of concepts through understanding the three levels of chemical representation. The one-group pre-test and post-test design was implemented with 60 students as participants in a senior high school in Sukabumi, West Java. Spatial ability was measured using five multiple-choice questions and three essay questions for visual-spatial, spatial orientation, and spatial relationships. Concept mastery data was collected using 20 multiple-choice questions. Improved spatial ability and concept mastery were calculated using the normalized-gain test and the Wilcoxon test. The mean score of N-gain spatial ability is in the high category with a score of 0.87 and in the medium category for mastering the concept of alkanes with a score of 0.59. The results of the Wilcoxon test on spatial ability data and mastery of concepts showed that there is a significant difference
Possible effects of N-acetylcysteine in autism spectrum disorders: major clinical aspects, eating behaviors, and sleeping habits
Authors: Nalbant Kevser , Erden Semih
Published: October 2023

Background. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a promising agent for reducing irritability and hyperactivity and enhancing social responsiveness in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study aims to examine the effects of NAC on cardinal symptoms, eating, and sleeping habits in preschool children with autism.
Methods. The medical records of ASD patients were investigated retrospectively. 37 children with ASD who regularly received oral NAC in two divided doses per day (400-600 mg/day) for 8 weeks were included as the study group. The control group consisted of 21 children with ASD who were recommended NAC but never used it. The initial and second assessment scores after 8 weeks of regular use of the NAC group and control group on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), and the Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) were compared.
Results. Our findings suggested that oral NAC alleviated the intensity of cardinal autistic symptoms in areas of social withdrawal, interpersonal relationships, body use, listening response, and verbal communication. Corresponding problem behaviors such as irritability, stereotypic behavior, and hyperactivity were reduced. It was determined that there was no difference between the two groups in terms of eating behaviors and sleeping habits.
Conclusions. According to the results, NAC alleviated the severity of cardinal symptoms and reduced problem behaviors in autism. Additional trials with more systematic planning, controlling for confounding effects, and long-term follow-up should be provided in future studies.
The etiologies and management of spinal cord compression in childhood cancers: Are we aware of the emergency of cord compression?
Authors: Okur Arzu , Vural Özge , Pınarlı Faruk Güçlü
Published: October 2023

Background. The spinal cord compression causes irreversible long-term permanent neurological sequelae. This study aims to increase awareness of childhood cancers that cause cord compression by comparing histopathological diagnosis, treatments, and survival rates to the literature.
Methods. Seventy-three patients (38 male, 35 female) with spinal cord compression, among 1085 patients diagnosed with solid tumors at Gazi University Department of Pediatric Oncology between 1991 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.
Results. The mean time between the onset of complaints and diagnosis was 27.5± 24.9 (2-150) days. The first three most common tumors that caused cord compression; were central nervous system tumors in 22 (30%), neuroblastoma in 17 (23%), and malignant germ cell tumors in 8 (10%) cases. Of the patients, 46 (63%) had compression due to extradural masses, and 27 (37%) patients had an intradural compression. The most common symptoms were pain in 60 (82%), weakness in 57 (78%), and pins and needles in 28 (38%) patients, respectively. The clinical physical neurological examination findings were motor deficit in 62 (84%), and deep tendon reflex changes in 54 patients (73.9%). Compression findings were detected in 58 (79.5%) patients at diagnosis, and in 15 (20.5%) of them during follow-up. The most common level of compression was seen in the thoracolumbar region in 19 (26%) cases. In 65 (89%) patients with cord compression, corticosteroids were given as anti-edema treatment. Surgical excision was performed in 39 (53%) patients. Spinal radiotherapy was given to 35 patients (48%) with radiosensitive tumors. Chemotherapy protocols were started in 52 (71.2%) cases according to their diagnoses. Complete neurological recovery was achieved in 33 (45%) patients. The 5-year overall survival rates for solid tumors with extradural compression and intradural compression were 62% and 22%, respectively (p=0.002).
Conclusions. Neurological sequela-free recovery is possible with early diagnosis and urgent treatment. Spinal compression must be detected by detailed systemic and neurological examination and imaging methods. Patients should be rapidly transferred to pediatric oncology units after starting anti-edema treatment.
¿Multiculturalismo e/o igualdad racial? Un análisis de las políticas públicas para afrodescendientes en Brasil
Authors: Lemos Igreja Rebecca
Published: October 2023

Las últimas décadas han sido marcadas por el protagonismo del tema público y académico sobre la diversidad cultural y étnico-racial y su reconocimiento, que se reflejó en las transformaciones políticas y legales que fueron promovidas en América Latina y el Caribe, período este que fue conocido como el «giro multicultural». Estas propuestas políticas y legales ganaron contornos nacionales distintos, en respuestas a los contextos sociohistóricos específicos de los países. El caso brasileño nos trae significativas reflexiones. Aunque las políticas dirigidas a las poblaciones afrodescendientes brasileñas surgieron en este movimiento latinoamericano de reconocimiento de la pluralidad cultural, se presentaron de forma diversificada, especialmente mediante propuestas de políticas de igualdad racial, centradas en la lucha antirracista y en las políticas de establecimiento de cuotas raciales. ¿Habría, por lo tanto, una inflexión del giro multicultural latinoamericano en Brasil? ¿Cómo podemos definir estas perspectivas y cómo dialogan? En este texto propongo analizar las políticas étnico-raciales en Brasil, considerando este diálogo entre los modelos multiculturalistas y las políticas de igualdad racial. Planteo, igualmente, un análisis sobre el momento contemporáneo y los desafíos que aún se imponen para el cumplimiento de los plenos derechos de la población negra brasileña.
Dilemas del reconocimiento multicultural en el Afrocaribe
Authors: Valencia P. Inge Helena
Published: October 2023

En Latinoamérica el reconocimiento multicultural otorgado a algunas poblaciones en función de su diferencia cultural ha tenido diversas consecuencias. Este reconocimiento realizado bajo el modelo etnicista permitió que poblaciones que antes habían sido excluidas de los proyectos nacionales ahora sean integradas al Estado a través de políticas diferenciales y categorías como minorías o grupos étnicos.Sin embargo, el reconocimiento multicultural ha tenido otros efectos como la generación de conflictos por el acceso a derechos o recursos territoriales, o el borramiento de otras expresiones identitarias sobre todo para poblaciones afrocaribes. Este artículo busca presentar un marco de análisis general de los fenómenos identitarios de algunas poblaciones afrocaribeñas situadas en la región del Caribe colombiano, con el objetivo de proponer alternativas de interpretación al fenómeno del multiculturalismo etnizado.
Expedición humana, a la zaga de la «Colombia oculta»: diversidad genética, arrogancia científica e imaginarios de nación
Authors: Restrepo Eduardo
Published: October 2023

La Expedición Humana surge como una amplia y prolongada iniciativa llevada a cabo por una universidad privada confesional, con el objetivo de realizar investigaciones genéticas que unieran diferentes disciplinas y contribuyeran al conocimiento científico «real» sobre la diversidad biológica y cultural de nuestro país. En este artículo se describe su historia y características, así como se examina uno de los debates que líderes indígenas impulsaron por las implicaciones de las prácticas de toma de muestras biológicas de sus comunidades sin su consentimiento. Finalmente, se examinan las pretensiones y categorías analíticas sobre la diversidad y la nación que operaron en el discurso en torno a la Expedición Humana que dicen más de las ansiedades y lugares de privilegio naturalizados de los científicos que de las poblaciones que estudiaron.
Interpretasi Struktur Bawah Permukaan Menggunakan Data Anomali Medan Magnet Daerah Manifestasi Panas Bumi Sampuraga Kabupaten Mandailing Natal
Authors: Tanjung Rita Ummi Sahida , Pujiastuti Dwi , Putra Ardian
Published: October 2023

This research was conducted to identify the distribution of magnetic field anomalies to determine the subsurface structure of the area around Sampuraga hot springs. Magnetic field data was measured using a magnetometer in an area with dimensions of 1400 m x 1100 m with 154 points. The measurement data is a total magnetic field, and to obtain magnetic field anomaly values, corrections are made for diurnal variation and IGRF correction. Magnetic field anomaly values range from 353,1 nT to 7622,0 nT. Magnetic field anomaly data were processed using the Oasis Montaj software by reducing to the poles, upward continuation, and 2D modeling. The 2D modeling results show three layers of soil in the study area. The upper part (first and second layers) is interpreted as a caprock. This layer consists of sedimentary rock types of sandstone and clay and igneous rock in the form of granite at a depth of up to 1700 m. The lower part (third layer) is interpreted as a reservoir. This layer consists of metasedimentary volcanic rock, clay alteration, andesitic lava, and dacitic lava with a depth of up to 2030 m from the ground surface. The results of this model also interpret the fault zone as an outflow zone so that it forms manifestations on the surface. These three geothermal system components show that the Sampuraga area can be further developed and explored.
Karakteristik Sistem Awan Konvektif Cumulonimbus Berbasis Radar Cuaca C-Band di Sekitar Bandara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar
Authors: Akhirta Nabilla , Sujiono Eko Hadi , Palloan Pariabti
Published: October 2023

Sistem konvektif Cumulonimbus merupakan kumpulan awan yang terdiri dari awan Cumulonimbus dan awan awan lain yang membentuk sebuah sistem, yang dapat menimbulkan cuaca signifikan. Karakteristik fisis dan dinamis Cumulonimbus diperoleh menggunakan radar cuaca C-Band pada musim peralihan dan musim hujan September hingga Februari 2016 â€“ 2022, berpusat pada radius 150 km di sekitar Bandara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar. Sembilan tipe morfologi sistem konvektif meso-Î² ditemukan dengan panjang awan 20-220 km dan panjang rata-rata awan 65 km. Sistem konvektif dominan membentuk sistem linier. Morfologi yang paling banyak terbentuk adalah sistem linier Trailing Stratiform, dan sistem seluler Cluster of Cells. Pada musim peralihan, inisiasi Cumulonimbus dominan di dataran tinggi dan pada musim hujan inisiasi dominan di laut pesisir. Secara umum Cumulonimbus matang di laut pesisir pada siang hari. Cluster of Cells dan Bow Echo adalah sistem yang paling aktif di darat, dengan windshear yang relatif lebih kuat dari semua sistem konvektif. Sistem sebagian besar berpropagasi dengan lambat. Vertical wind shear paling besar terjadi pada lapisan 0,3 â€“ 2 km. Verifikasi dari media massa dan laporan pilot menunjukkan bahwa Cumulonimbus dapat menyebabkan bencana hidrometeorologi dan mengganggu penerbangan.
Perbandingan Dosis Serap Bolus Berbahan Playdough, Plastisin, dan Silicone Rubber pada Radioterapi Berkas Elektron 6 MeV dan 9 MeV
Authors: Pramita Niken , Adrial Rico , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Comparison of absorbed dose bolus made from playdough, plasticine, and silicone rubber in electron beam radiotherapy has been assessed. This study aims to compare the absorbed dose, calculate the Relative Electron Density (RED) value, and physical density of playdough, plasticine, and silicone rubber bolus. The boluses were made with dimension of 15 cmÃ—15 cm and thickness of (0,5; 1,0; 1,5; and 2,0) cm. RED value was obtained from tomographic image using CT-Simulator by determining 5 Region of Interest (ROI) regions. The physical density was calculated based on the mass and volume ratio. The absorbed dose was measured using a plan parallel chamber detector with a Linear Accelerator (LINAC) energy variation of 6 MeV and 9 MeV. The results are playdough, plasticine, and silicone rubber bolus have a homogeneous material composition with RED values is above the RED of water. The physical density of playdough and plasticine bolus is above the density of skin tissue but lower than bone tissue, while the physical density of silicone rubber bolus is close to the density of water, muscle, liver, kidney, and lung tissue. The absorbed dose value of silicone rubber bolus with a thickness of 0.5 cm is closer to the absorbed dose without bolus, so bolus of silicone rubber that are better used at energy of 6 MeV and 9 MeV are silicone rubber bolus.
Efektivitas Kacamata Pb pada Pemeriksaan Gigi Menggunakan Pesawat Dental Panoramic Berdasarkan Laju Dosis Radiasi
Authors: Rasyada Latifah Aulia , Milvita Dian , Nuraeni Nunung
Published: October 2023

The eyes is one of the sensitive organs that can be damaged if exposed to radiation. Pb glasses are one of the radiation protection tools. The use of Pb glasses in minimal dental X-ray examinations will cause cataracts in the patient's eyes, so research has been conducted on the effectiveness of Pb glasses in dental examinations using dental panoramic plane based on radiation dose rates.Â  The study aims to determine the radiation dose received after and before passing through Pb glasses, determine the effectiveness of Pb glasses during dental X-ray examinations, and evaluate the effect of using Pb glasses on patient image results. Data were collected using three Pb glasses on a dental panoramic plane irradiation. Pb glasses are fitted to patients with thin, normal and overweight categories, this is because patients have different facial shapes and sizes. Determination of radiation dose value and effectiveness was done by attaching TLD-100 to the outside and inside of the Pb glasses lens. The effect of using Pb glasses was evaluated with a radiology specialist through interviews. The results obtained were that there was no radiation dose received by the eyes after passing through Pb glasses, the effectiveness of all Pb glasses was 100%, and the use of Pb glasses did not affect the results of dental X-ray images during examinations using dental panoramic plane.
Rain shelter and open field cultivation of tropical cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata): A comparison between F1 hybrids based on vegetative characteristics
Authors: Kishorkumar Malu , Indira P. , George T.E. , Pradeepkumar T. , Kannan S.
Published: October 2023

The study's goals were to find the perfect tropical cabbage hybrid for the plains and to examine whether it was feasible to grow cabbage both during the growing season and outside of it. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with four replications. Four F1 hybrids namely NS183, NS43, NS35 and Disha were used for the study during off season (July-Oct) and on season (Oct-Jan). Protected conditions were provided using a rainshelter of 100m2 floor area. The results revealed that non-wrapping leaves which is a non-desirable trait in cabbage was less inside polyhouse during both seasons. Plant spread was more in rain shelter crop during off season and was maximum for NS43 which was on par with other varieties tested. During on-season NS35 recorded maximum plant spread under both growing conditions. NS43 and NS35 can be recommended for offseason and on season cultivation respectively. Rain shelter cultivation provides a conducive condition for the cultivation of an additional crop thereby providing extra income for the farmers.
Biology of aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover in cumin
Authors: Dadhich Sarita , Pandey Shalini , Kumawat M M , Sundria M M
Published: October 2023

The experiment on biology of aphid, Aphis gossypii infesting cumin crop was conducted under ambient conditions in the Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur. The study was conducted on potted plants of cumin variety GC-4. The aphid, A. gossypii nymphs were moulted four times before attaining the adult stage. The mean body length, width, antennal length and cornicle length of first, second, third and fourth instar nymphs were 0.50 ± 0.04, 0.28 ± 0.03, 0.28 ± 0.02 and 0.036 ± 0.01 mm; 0.90 ± 0.04, 0.38 ± 0.04, 0.40 ± 0.03 and 0.065 ± 0.01 mm; 1.11 ± 0.05, 0.49 ± 0.04, 0.54 ± 0.03 and 0.095 ± 0.01 mm and 1.31 ± 0.06, 0.65 ± 0.05, 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.175 ± 0.01 mm, respectively. The mean body length, width, antennal length and cornicle length of adult aphid were 1.68 ± 0.06, 0.71 ± 1.53, 0.88 ± 0.02 and 0.266 ± 0.01 mm, respectively. The mean duration period of first, second, third and fourth instar nymphs were 1.30 ± 0.42, 2.05 ± 0.62, 2.40 ± 0.52 and 1.45 ± 0.45 days, respectively. The total nymphal duration was 7.75 ± 1.61 days. The mean longevity of adult aphid was 9.65 ± 1.75 days with an entire life span of 17.75 ± 2.91 days. The pre-reproductive, reproductive and post-reproductive periods were 1.35 ± 0.56, 7.20 ± 1.47 and 1.75 ± 0.71 days, respectively. The fecundity of the adult female was 24.45 ± 6.21 nymphs per female and the intrinsic rate of single female per day was an average of 4.80 ± 2.01 nymphs/day.