bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ressentiment: A Complex Emotion or an Emotional Mechanism of Psychic Defences?
Authors: Salmela Mikko , Capelos Tereza
Published: August 2021

Ressentiment is central for understanding the psychological foundations of reactionary politics, right-wing populism, Islamic fundamentalism, and radicalism. In this article we theorise ressentiment as an emotional mechanism which, reinforcing a morally superior sense of victimhood, expedites two parallel transvaluation processes: What was once desired or valued, yet unattainable, is reassessed as something undesirable and rotten, and one’s own self from being inferior, a loser, is reassessed as being noble and superior. We establish negative emotions of envy, shame, and inefficacious anger as the main triggers of ressentiment, with their associated feelings of inferiority and impotence, which target the vulnerable self. We identify the outcomes of ressentiment as other-directed negative emotions of resentment, indignation, and hatred, reinforced and validated by social sharing. We map the psychological structure of ressentiment in four stages, each employing idiosyncratic defences that depend on the ego-strength of the individual to deliver the transvaluation of the self and its values, and finally detail how social sharing consolidates the outcome emotions, values, and identities in ressentiment through shallow twinship bonds with like-minded peers. Our interdisciplinary theoretical account integrates classic philosophical scholarship of ressentiment and its contemporary proponents in philosophy and sociology, which highlight envy as the prime driver of ressentiment; it also considers the sociological approaches that focus on the repression and transmutation of shame and its social consequences, as well as the psychoanalytic scholarship on psychic defences and political psychology models on the emotionality of decision-making. We conclude the article by elaborating the political implications of ressentiment as the emotional mechanism of grievance politics.
Joint focal mechanism determination with source-region station corrections using short-period body-wave amplitude data
Authors: Nakamura Ayako , Horiuchi Shigeki , Hasegawa Akira
Published: August 2021

We have developed a method that simultaneously determines focal mechanism solutions of many small earthquakes and source-region station corrections for short-period body-wave amplitudes by inverting amplitude data of P, SH, and SV waves, together with P-wave polarity data. The observed seismic waveform includes the effects of site amplification and attenuation along its ray path in addition to the radiation pattern of earthquake source. The amplitude of seismograms at frequencies higher than a few Hertz is extremely sensitive to heterogeneous structure near the ground surface. Consequently, we need to know in detail the effects of site amplification and attenuation in order to estimate focal mechanisms by using short-period waveforms. However, at present, we do not know the detailed crustal structure with a resolution necessary for this estimation. In the present study, we assume that P- and S-wave attenuation factors along ray paths from hypocenters to each station can be expressed as a function of hypocentral distance, backazimuth, and incident angle. Based on this assumption, we determined focal mechanism solutions of many earthquakes and the coefficients in the function for each station simultaneously, by using P-, SH-, and SV-wave amplitudes and P-wave polarities. We applied the present method to 170 aftershocks of the 1996 Onikobe earthquake (M 5.9), which occurred in the central part of northeastern Japan. We obtained focal mechanism solutions of many microearthquakes whose mechanism solutions could not be determined by using P-wave polarity data alone. P axes of almost all the obtained focal mechanism solutions are horizontal and oriented in the east-west direction. T axes are, on average, near vertical at the shallowest depth. As the depth approaches 5 km, the T axes become horizontal and then gradually become near vertical again.
Moment-magnitude relations based on strong-motion records in Greece
Authors: Margaris B. N. , Papazachos C. B.
Published: August 2021

In this work, the variation of the local magnitude, MLSM, derived from strong-motion records at short distances is examined, in terms of moment magnitude, MW. Strong-motion data from Greek earthquakes are used to determine the strong-motion local magnitude, MLSM, by performing an integration of the equation of motion of the Wood-Anderson (WA) seismograph subjected to an input acceleration. The most reliable strong-motion data are utilized for earthquakes with seismic moments log M0 ≧ 22.0 dyne · cm and calculated local magnitudes, MLSM ≧ 3.7. The correlation between the seismic moments, log M0, and the calculated local magnitudes, MLSM, using strong-motion records is given by log M0 = 1.5*MLSM + 16.07, which is very similar to that proposed by Hanks and Kanamori (1979). Moreover, it is shown that MLSM is equal to moment magnitude, MW, for a large MLSM range (3.9 to 6.6). Comparison of the strong-motion local magnitude and the ML magnitude estimated in Greece (MLGR) and surrounding area shows a systematic bias of 0.4 to 0.5, similar to the difference that has been found between MW and MLGR for the same area. The contribution of the local site effects in the calculation of the local magnitude, MLSM, is also considered by taking into account two indices of soil classification, namely, rock and alluvium or the shear-wave velocity, v30s, of the first 30 m, based on NEHRP (1994) and UBC (1997). An increase of MLSM by 0.16 is observed for alluvium sites. Alternative relations showing the MLSM variation with, v30s are also presented. Finally, examination of the WA amplitude attenuation, −log A0, with distance shows that the Jennings and Kanamori (1983) relation for Δ < 100 km is appropriate for Greece. The same results confirm earlier suggestions that the 0.4 to 0.5 bias between MLGR and MW (also MLSM) should be attributed to a low static magnification (∼800) of the Athens WA instrument on which all other ML relations in Greece have been calibrated.
Foreshocks and nucleation of small- to moderate-sized Koyna earthquakes (India)
Authors: Rastogi B. K. , Mandal Prantik
Published: August 2021

Rupture nucleation of five Koyna mainshocks during 1993 to 1996 (M 4.3 to 5.4) was studied using the space-time patterns of foreshocks within 8 km and 500 hr prior to the mainshock. The nucleation process occurred in two phases, viz., quasi-static and quasi-dynamic prior to the dynamic rupturing of the mainshock. The foreshock nucleation zone is observed to grow at a rate of 0.5 to 10 cm/sec until it finally attains a diameter of about 10 km before the occurrence of the mainshock. It is found that the fracture nucleates at shallow depths (<1 km) and gradually deepens to cause the mainshock near the base of the seismogenic layer, that is, at about 8 to 11 km depth. The nucleation of earthquakes at shallow depths may be attributed to the effect of increasing pore pressure caused by the reservoirs of Koyna and Warna Dams in subhydrostatic conditions, whereas the propagation of fractures toward the base of the seismogenic layer may be controlled by the local stress concentrations along the fault zone and pore-pressure diffusion at greater depths.
Aftershocks of the 1952 Kern County, California, earthquake sequence
Authors: Dreger Douglas , Savage Brian
Published: August 2021

We have studied the seismograms recorded at the historic Berkeley (BRK) and Pasadena (PAS) stations for 20 aftershocks of the 21 July 1952 Kern County earthquake sequence. These events, in the magnitude range of MW 4.5 to 5.6, are too small to be studied teleseismically, yet they are important for better understanding the tectonics of the southern Sierra Nevada and the Tehachapi Mountains. On-scale recordings of moderate-sized events from this important earthquake sequence were first scanned, digitized, and then subjected to waveform modeling using a seismic moment tensor inverse procedure. In particular, the long-period, three-component Galitzen instrument at BRK and the 6-sec Wood-Anderson at PAS provided very high quality seismograms that could be analyzed in this manner. These two sites have been continuously operated from 1887 and 1927, respectively, and both are current sites of state-of-the-art broadband, high dynamic range instrumentation. First-motion polarities reported by Bath and Richter (1958) were used as additional constraints in the estimation of source parameters. There is considerable variability in the three-component seismograms of the 1952 aftershocks, which in turn result in a diversity of focal mechanisms. The majority of the solutions are northwest-striking reverse mechanisms that likely occurred on various mapped thrust faults in the hanging block of the mainshock. There are several events with northeast-striking, left-lateral mechanisms that are consistent with the strike of the White Wolf fault, as well as several normal slip events. The results of this study indicate that there are a variety of active fault structures adjacent to the White Wolf, Garlock and San Andreas faults in this region.
Foreshocks and aftershocks of the great 1857 California earthquake
Authors: Meltzner Aron J. , Wald David J.
Published: August 2021

The San Andreas fault is the longest fault in California and one of the longest strike-slip faults anywhere in the world, yet we know little about many aspects of its behavior before, during, and after large earthquakes. We conducted a study to locate and to estimate magnitudes for the largest foreshocks and aftershocks of the 1857 M 7.9 Fort Tejon earthquake on the central and southern segments of the fault. We began by searching archived first-hand accounts from 1857 through 1862, by grouping felt reports temporally, and by assigning modified Mercalli intensities to each site. We then used a modified form of the grid-search algorithm of Bakun and Wentworth, derived from empirical analysis of modern earthquakes, to find the location and magnitude most consistent with the assigned intensities for each of the largest events. The result confirms a conclusion of Sieh that at least two foreshocks (“dawn” and “sunrise”) located on or near the Parkfield segment of the San Andreas fault preceded the mainshock. We estimate their magnitudes to be M ≈ 6.1 and M ≈ 5.6, respectively. The aftershock rate was below average but within one standard deviation of the number of aftershocks expected based on statistics of modern southern California mainshock-aftershock sequences. The aftershocks included two significant events during the first eight days of the sequence, with magnitudes M ≈ 6.25 and M ≈ 6.7, near the southern half of the rupture; later aftershocks included a M ≈ 6 event near San Bernardino in December 1858 and a M ≈ 6.3 event near the Parkfield segment in April 1860. From earthquake logs at Fort Tejon, we conclude that the aftershock sequence lasted a minimum of 3.75 years.
SEA99: A revised ground motion prediction relation for use in extensional tectonic regimes
Authors: Spudich P. , Joyner W. B. , Lindh A. G. , Boore D. M. , Margaris B. M. , Fletcher J. B.
Published: August 2021

We present SEA99, a revised predictive relation for geometric mean horizontal peak ground acceleration and 5%-damped pseudovelocity response spectrum, appropriate for estimating earthquake ground motions in extensional tectonic regimes, which we demonstrate to have lower ground motions than other tectonic regimes. SEA99 replaces SEA96, a relation originally derived by Spudich et al. (1996, 1997). The data set used to develop SEA99 is larger than that for SEA96, and minor errors in the SEA96 data set have been corrected. In addition, a one-step regression method described by Joyner and Boore (1993, 1994) was used rather than the two-step method of Joyner and Boore (1981). SEA99 has motions that are as much as 20% higher than those of SEA96 at short distances (5-30 km), and SEA99's motions are about 20% lower than SEA96 at longer periods (1.0-2.0 sec) and larger distance (40-100 km). SEA99 dispersions are significantly less than those of SEA96. SEA99 rock motions are on the average 20% lower than motions predicted by Boore et al. (1994) except for short distances at periods around 1.0 sec, where SEA99 motions exceed those predicted by Boore et al. (1994) by as much as 10%. Comparison of ground motions from normal-faulting and strike-slip events in our data set indicates that normal-faulting horizontal ground motions are not significantly different from extensional regime strike-slip ground motions.
Defining the scalar moment of a seismic source with a general moment tensor
Authors: Bowers David , Hudson John A.
Published: August 2021

We compare several published definitions of the scalar moment M0, a measure of the size of a seismic disturbance derived from the second-order seismic moment tensor M (with eigenvalues m1 ≥ m3 ≥ m2). While arbitrary, a useful definition is in terms of a total moment, MT0 = MI + MD, where MI = |M|, with M = (m1 + m2 + m3)/3, is the isotropic moment, and MD = max(|mj − M|; j = 1, 2, 3), is the deviatoric moment. This definition is consistent with other definitions of M0 if M is a double couple. This definition also gives physically appealing and simple results for the explosion and crack sources. Furthermore, our definitions of MT0, MI and MD are in accord with the parameterization of the moment tensor into a deviatoric part (represented by T which lies in [−1,1]) and a volumetric part (represented by k which lies in [−1, 1]) proposed by Hudson et al. (1989).
Coseismic fluid-pressure response estimated from prediction-error filtering of tidal-band loading
Authors: Masterlark Timothy L. , Wang Herbert F. , Chan Lung S. , Yongtai Che
Published: August 2021

A methodology combining prediction-error filters (PEFs) and transfer functions was developed to identify the quasi-static fluid-pressure response observed in wells due to coseismic strain. Water levels in confined aquifers respond to long-term and seasonal trends, recharge events, barometric and ocean tide loading, tidal strain, and tectonic strain. Low-frequency features can be neglected from the quasistatic coseismic response estimation. Transfer functions were constructed to deconvolve the fluid-pressure response due to measured barometric loading. Because direct tidal strain and ocean tide loading measurements are rarely available, theoretical tidal loading is often calculated from astronomical data. However, the calculations are subject to many assumptions. Because tidal driving processes are cyclic, PEFs are a natural choice for removing the fluid-pressure response without assuming a theoretical forcing function in the tidal band. The method was applied to hourly fluid pressure data collected over a 3-year period from two wells in the villages of Gaocun and Tayuan, China. Results of this analysis yielded coseismic fluid pressure heads of −1.6 × 10−2 and +7.6 × 10−2 m for the respective wells in response to the Datong-Yanggao earthquake swarm mainshock (Ms 6.1), 18-24 October 1989. Epicentral distances to the wells were about 200 km. The coseismic fluid-pressure response for each well was also predicted from dislocation model strain scaled by material-dependent volumetric strain sensitivity parameters. These parameters were determined from the static confined response to O1 and M2 earth-tide strain constituents. The predicted response was −2.9 × 10−3 m for the Gaocun well and +2.1 × 10−3 m for the Tayuan well. Although predicted and observed response phases were consistent, both predictions underestimated observed response amplitudes, as has been true in other reported instances.
Finite-difference modeling of two aftershocks of the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake
Authors: Scrivner Craig W. , Helmberger Donald V.
Published: August 2021

Recent evidence for nonlinear behavior of strong motions generated by the Northridge, California, earthquake relies explicitly on the analysis of aftershock data. Thus, correcting these observations for propagational and source effects becomes a crucial step in these studies. Here, we demonstrate that the dipping structure near the edges of the San Fernando Valley can strongly alter the local site responses, especially for shallow events.

We model two aftershocks with similar epicenters, but with shallow (4 km) and deep (16 km) hypocentral depths. Waveforms from 12 portable instruments deployed across the basin and recording these events were processed and studied in the 0.3-4-Hz bandpass. For the shallow event, distinctive features are a broad direct S phase and large-amplitude surface waves at the basin stations, and high-frequency S phases at stations in the Santa Monica Mountains. The deep event is less strongly affected by the basin but displays strong evidence of the source radiation pattern. An array analysis indicates 2D propagation for most of the strong arrivals. Some of these features are explained by a simple 2D basin model containing a strong shallow contrast, a factor of 2 jump in seismic velocity at a depth of 1 km within the basin, and a moderate deeper gradient.
Long-period seafloor seismology and deformation under ocean waves
Authors: Webb Spahr C. , Crawford Wayne C.
Published: August 2021

The deformation of the seafloor under loading by long-period ocean waves raises vertical component noise levels at the deep seafloor by 20 to 30 dB above noise levels at good continental sites in the band from 0.001 to 0.04 Hz. This noise substantially limits the detection threshold and signal-to-noise ratio for long-period phases of earthquakes observed by seafloor seismometers. Borehole installation significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio only if the sensor is installed at more than 1 km below the seafloor because the deformation signal decays slowly with depth. However, the vertical-component deformation signal can be predicted and suppressed using seafloor measurements of pressure fluctuations observed by differential pressure gauges. The pressure observations of ocean waves are combined with measurements of the transfer function between vertical acceleration and pressure to predict the vertical component deformation signal. Subtracting the predicted deformation signal from pressure observations can reduce vertical component noise levels near 0.01 Hz by more than 25 dB, significantly improving signal-to-noise ratios for long-period phases. There is also a horizontal-component deformation signal but it is smaller than the vertical-component signal and only significant in shallow water (<1-km deep). The amplitude of the deformation signal depends both on the long-period ocean-wave spectrum and the elastic-wave velocities in the oceanic crust. It is largest at sedimented sites and in shallow water.
Grossesse et accouchement en temps de pandémie de la COVID-19
Authors: Ferreira Alexie
Published: August 2021

La grossesse et la naissance d’un enfant sont des événements spéciaux et merveilleux. C’est aussi des périodes comportant leurs lots de difficultés et d’adaptations, particulièrement pour les mères. En passant par les nouvelles responsabilités, l’allaitement, la nouvelle image de soi et la santé mentale périnatale et post-partum.
Inégalités systémiques et de santé soulignant l’impact disproportionné de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur les peuples autochtones
Authors: Zeghal Mahdi
Published: August 2021

Les mesures de santé publique restrictives visant à réduire la propagation d'infection par le COVID-19 ont amené les Canadiens à affronter les perturbations socio-économiques résultant de la pandémie. Cependant, les inégalités systémiques et de santé chez les peuples autochtones les prédisposent à être touchés de manière disproportionnée par la pandémie. Ce groupe minoritaire est confronté à des risques accrus d'infection, de morbidité et de mortalité liés au COVID-19, une détérioration de la santé mentale, une crise économique, ainsi qu'une multitude d'autres problèmes.
Prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy at antenatal care booking in a teaching hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Nonye-Enyidah Esther Ijeoma , A. Altraide Basil Omieibi , Jumbo Awopola I.
Published: August 2021

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is the commonest haematological condition seen in pregnant women in most developing countries. It is a global public health problem causing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Objective was to determine the prevalence of anaemia and associated socio-demographic factors among pregnant women at booking at Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH).Methods: A retrospective study conducted from 1st January, 2015 to 31st December, 2020 at the antenatal clinic (ANC) of RSUTH. The laboratory records of 9990 pregnant women who booked for antenatal care were retrieved and reviewed. This included the socio-demographic characteristics and routine investigations. Data was extracted, coded and analyzed using the IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 (Armonk, NY). P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Total number of women who booked for antenatal care was 9990 women. Of this, 8635 women were anaemic giving a prevalence rate of 86.4%. Mild anaemia was seen in 7061 (70.68%); 1546 (15.48%) had moderate anaemia and 28 (0.28%) had severe anaemia. Of 8635 (86.4%) women who were anaemic, 1647 (19.07%), 5036 (58.32%) and 1952 (22.61%) were seen in the first, second and third trimesters respectively. Mean and modal packed cell volume (PCV) were 29±3.1% and 29% respectively. The range of PCV was 18-42%. Mean age was 31±4.7 years and age range was 15-48 years. Modal parity was zero. Nulliparous and multiparous women accounted for 3586 (35.9%) and 3751 (37.5%) of the women respectively. There was a significant correlation between anaemia and age, parity, level of education, occupation and genotype at booking.Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia was unacceptably high. There is need for education on anaemia at the antenatal clinics and close monitoring of the interventional measures put in place to prevent anaemia in pregnancy, in order to improve the pregnancy outcome.
A prospective study of laproscopic paravaginal repair of cystocoele: our experience
Authors: Gosavi Amrapali D. , Dhangar Sanjay P.
Published: August 2021

Background: Cystocele is diagnosed clinically by vaginal examination approaches using the pelvic organ prolapse quantifications system (POP-Q) of classification. Abdominal and laproscopic are now used due to high failure rate involving the transvaginal repair. Laproscopic repair involves approximation of the vaginal sub-epithelial tissue with the Cooper’s ligament using non-absorbable suture.Methods: This was a prospective observational study from June 2016 to May 2020 over women with symptomatic cystocele of grade ≥2. All patients were preoperatively and post-operatively assessed with quality-of-life questionnaires, pelvic organ prolapse distress inventory-6 (POPDI-6) and urinary distress inventory short form. Clinical examination was done with and without Valsalva maneuver. POP classification was used for grading the prolapse. All patients were assessed for any voiding difficulty after surgery, at one week, three months, six months and 12 months.Results: The median age of patient was 55.5 years. 90.9% patients presented with urinary symptoms. 54.5% patients underwent hysterectomy. The mean blood loss was 55 cc. The anatomic cure rate for cystocoele was 100% in our study in 1 week, 3 months and 6 months post-operatively. There was significant improvement in the quality-of-life scores. Overall, symptomatic relief was seen in 90.9% patients at first week, 95.4% at 3 months, 95.4% at 6 and 12 months follow up. Urinary symptoms were relieved in all patients at first follow up after 7 days, and 95.4% patients during 3, 6 and 12 months follow up.Conclusions: Laproscopic paravaginal cystocoele repair is safe, effective and an easy procedure with good results. The procedure is easy to learn and master with low recurrence rates.
Indirect effect of COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and neonatal health care in resource-poor setting
Authors: Bora Reeta , Phukan Pranay , Konda Kiran R.
Published: August 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting maternal and neonatal health worldwide. Our study was done to find the indirect effect of the pandemic due to associated lockdown, travel restrictions, etc. on maternal and neonatal health in a rural resource-limited area in northeast India.Methods: In this retrospective observational study, mothers of a rural, resource-limited area were enrolled if they delivered in the institution where the study was done. Hospital data regarding maternal mortality and stillbirth rate (SBR) from November 2019 till February 2020 (no-lockdown) was compared with the lockdown period (March 2020 till June 2020). Neonatal data of the no-lockdown and lockdown period were analysed and compared. All inborn and sick neonates delivered outside and admitted in the institution's neonatal unit after delivery (outborn) were included.Results: There was a 33% reduction of institutional delivery rate in Lockdown compared to the no-lockdown period. Outborn admission to the newborn unit was reduced by 41%. Stillbirth and death due to perinatal events increased significantly (relative risk (RR) 1.45, 95% CI: 0.85-2.48) amongst inborn in the lockdown period. During lockdown period maternal mortality increased from 551/100000 to 761/100000 live births (LB) (RR 1.38, 95% CI: 1.21-1.52) and NMR from 26/1000 to 32/1000 LB (RR: 1.23, 95% CI: 0.73-2.04).Conclusions: Significant adverse indirect effect of COVID-19 pandemic is observed on maternal and neonatal health. Ways for avoidance of reversion of gain achieved in NMR and MMR in the last few years in lower and middle-income countries (LMIC) needs to be urgently looked at.
A case series on successful pregnancy outcomes in patients with Apla syndrome
Authors: Gaur Priyanka , Kochar Swati , Sharma Vaibhav
Published: August 2021

The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is defined by the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with recurrent venous or arterial thromboembolism or pregnancy morbidity. Obstetric complications such as recurrent pregnancy loss, oligohydramnios, preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and fetal distress are frequently associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. Successful management of pregnancies with APLA syndrome is a huge challenge for treating obstetrician. Obstetric care is based on combined medical and obstetric high risk management and treatment with the association between aspirin and heparin. Here, we present 3 cases of pregnancy with APLA syndrome who were successfully managed and they had uneventful pregnancies with successful outcomes without any complication.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Jagadeesan Nithya , Seralathan Goutham
Published: August 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is seen in approximately 3% of women of childbearing age. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the most common glomerular disorder that causes end stage renal disease (ESRD). It commonly presents with nephrotic syndrome which increases the risk of pregnancy complications. We report successful pregnancy outcome in a young woman with FSGS and nephrotic syndrome who was not on treatment till 20 weeks of gestation. Antihypertensives and immunosuppressants were titrated. Strict antepartum fetal surveillance and follow-up with nephrologist were done. Caesarean section was performed at 32 weeks because of rising proteinuria despite therapy and IUGR. Post-operative recovery was uneventful. Resolution of proteinuria is the cornerstone in the management of FSGS as this delays the progression of the disease.
Huge fibroid uterus mimicking an ovarian malignancy
Authors: Guleria Sara , Thakur Suman , Pathania Kushla
Published: August 2021

Leiomyoma of the uterus is the most common benign tumor arising from uterine smooth muscle. This is a case of a woman with an exophytic uterine leiomyoma mimicking an ovarian neoplasm. The potential for uterine leiomyomas to grow to an extreme size before causing symptoms is quite remarkable. This is likely due to the relatively large volume of the abdominal cavity, the distensibility of the abdominal wall and the slow growth rate of these tumors. In our case report, despite a fibroid of size reaching up to 34 weeks of gestation, our patient had minimal symptoms except for abdominal discomfort. There were no symptoms related to abnormal uterine bleeding or abnormal bowel or bladder habit. Also, the history and clinical examination of the patient favored a diagnosis of ovarian malignancy.
Ovarian tumor: a review
Authors: Kashyap Poonam
Published: August 2021

Ovarian cancers are the 7th most common cancers in women. It is found more commonly in elderly age group. The survival depends on the stage of diagnosis and many of the patients present in advanced disease when the prognosis becomes dismal. The dilemma is to differentiate them from benign disease so that the unwanted laparotomies could be saved. Biomarkers and radiological classification may play a role in differentiating benign from malignant and deciding on the management. There is no screening method to diagnose ovarian cancers and the patient presents with nonspecific complaints missing them in early stages. Optimal cytoreduction is required for better overall survival, progression free survival and response to adjuvant chemotherapy. Those women having history of breast, ovary, endometrial, colorectal cancers should be screened for malignancies and genetic testing is advised. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment followed by chemotherapy. Risk reducing salpingoophorectomy can be offered to women having BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers after they complete their family. The area of target therapies is the most recent and promising in treatment of ovarian cancer. They are coming in forefront when chemotherapy toxicity, drug resistance are big hurdles in treatment of ovarian cancer. With recent advances and understanding of the biology of ovarian cancer have led to clinical trials of targeted agents. The  angiogenesis inhibitors and polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are the most developed.
La salud persecutoria: los límites de la responsabilidad
Authors: Castiel Luis David , Álvarez-Dardet Carlos
Published: August 2021

En los tiempos que nos ha tocado vivir de tecnocapitalismo neoliberal, una coalición de profesiones e industrias sanitarias exagera, sistemáticamente, y en todo el mundo, los beneficios que para la salud tiene la asistencia sanitaria y el uso de las tecnologías en diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de enfermedades. Esto es lo que los autores denominan salud persecutoria. Esta situación conlleva enormes cargas de sufrimiento humano vinculado a la iatrogenia, como ya nos anunció Iván Illich hace 50 años. Basándose en la descripción de estos fenómenos y desde una perspectiva crítica Luis David Castiel y Carlos Álvarez-Dardet nos introducen en las complejidades y sutilezas de esta situación, apuntando efectos secundarios de esta salud persecutoria como son el sobrediagnóstico y el sobretratamiento de enfermedades. Este libro, escrito durante un espacio sabático de Luis David Castiel en la Universidad de Alicante (España), mantiene e incrementa su interés en los tiempos de la pandemia de coronavirus, en los que de manera unánime los gobiernos de todo el mundo han abrazado la causa de la salud persecutoria, pidiéndoles a sus ciudadanos solo una cosa: “confianza en los expertos”.
Ukrainian Innovation Policy: The Smart Specialization Problem
Authors: Bazhal Iurii
Published: August 2021

The aim of the article is to reveal the place and role of smart specialization strategy as one of the relevant and central areas of modern economic policy. It is shown that in Ukraine the issue of economic essence and main goal of smart specialization policy as a form of state innovation policy remains theoretically and practically unexplored, as well as the importance of involving universities in smart specialization strategy in the context of creating basic innovations that can become the basis of the regional smart specializations.The article substantiates that the Ukrainian expert community is dominated by the perception the smart specialization strategy is the traditional sectoral economic policy, which considers innovation as a factor of increasing the competitiveness of existing industries, i.e. without much change in the technological structure of the economy or region. The article argues that the main content of the smart specialization policy should be the priority development of new high-tech sectors of the economy, industries belonging to the current and future technological paradigms.The results of studying the main development directions of the Top European innovation Universities are presented. These results testify to the close connection between the innovation Universities and the creation of basic innovations for the development of new high-tech business. The analysis showed that Ukraine not only cannot enter the European ranking of innovation Universities, but also lags far behind the total number of European patents per country. This shows that the country has in fact abandoned basic innovation competitions with Europe. The policy of smart specialization should help to correct this situation. The positive effect of such policy largely depends on the active formation of modern innovation Universities, which can create and commercialize basic innovations of the Schumpeter’s type, leading to the emergence of new high technologies.
JEL classіfіcatіon: O25, O38, R11
International Experience of Agricultural Land Market Turnover Regulation
Authors: Kuzmenko L’ubov
Published: August 2021

The land market in Ukraine is currently being formed. Therefore, it is now especially important to master the experience of using the mechanisms of regulation of this important market, which have undergone a long and successful testing in foreign countries. The article reveals the main directions of international experience in regulating the market of agricultural land.To ensure the optimal distribution of land among users and for the efficient functioning of the land market in most countries of the world, land policy is structured in such a way that agricultural land is cultivated by those who are able to ensure its most productive use. The article analyzes the possibility of applying this experience in Ukraine on the basis of generalization of modern foreign practice. The agricultural land, in contrast to the land for industry, transport and other industries, is the main means of production. The article notes that the current model of state regulation of the land market can lead to the monopolization of such markets and the acquisition of agricultural land by large corporations. There are considered the opinions of various authors on this issue, and has defined the need to form the main aspects necessary for the efficient use of land resources.The example of individual countries shows that the lack of active state intervention in market turnover has led to the monopolization of agricultural land by large corporations. It is concluded that at the present stage of implementation of the policy that ensures the efficiency of land use in agriculture, the state should strengthen the functions of regulating land use processes. There were some specific proposals for improving the system of regulation of land relations in agriculture, which should play a progressive role in the further development of the state.
JEL classіfіcatіon: H3, H2
Global Investment and Development Trends in the Fintech Secto
Authors: Lukianenko Iryna , Riabtsun Yevhen
Published: August 2021

The article’s objectives are to reveal the general tendency in the global investment climate within the fintech industry and introduce the grouping approach for countries based on distinctive characteristics of local fintech and economic environments. Moreover, the paper results can be used as recommendations for local regulators in terms of the fintech industry development, which is a vital force for enhancing the competitiveness level of the countries in the context of world economic uncertainty.Statistics method is used to perform the investment activities and investment structure overview with a close look at three regions: Americas, EMEA (Europe, the Middle East, and Africa), and the Asia Pacific. The results indicate the largest role of the America region, the smallest – of the Asia-Pacific region, and two main trends in the investment structure by the nature of deals, the first with a predominance of M&A deals and the second with a high venture investments part.Another applied approach is clustering analysis. It is used to group the countries by the set of characteristics, which reflect the general economic conditions and innovation capacity in the financial sector of different countries from the general population. The clustering results give a snapshot of six groups of countries. The group with the highest results is called FinTech Olympus and consists of countries such as the USA, UK, and Singapore. The worst results were shown by the Fintech Jungle group represented by Kenya, Lebanon, Egypt, Uganda, Pakistan, Ghana, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and Ukraine. The other countries are grouped in four more clusters with research names – FinTech periphery, Asian-European, FinTech middle class, and Major players. Local regulators, for example, the National Bank of Ukraine, can further consider the results of clustering for maintaining fintech development policy to benefit the economy in general.In such conditions, the main tasks for the Ukrainian government are the improvement of business climate and fintech ecosystem development with the further discovery of their impact on the country’s competitiveness in an unstable economic environment in the short and long term.
JEL classіfіcatіon: C40, G19, G20
Cálculo e análise da carga térmica da Biblioteca Diva Saraiva do Campus I da FACTHUS – Uberaba/MG
Authors: Alves Leandro Ribeiro , Júnior José Braz De Araújo , Moreira Felipe Santos
Published: August 2021

A climatização de ambientes visa controlar o clima de um ambiente fechado, condicionando o ar de forma a ajustar a temperatura, umidade, velocidade e pureza, para padrões de conforto térmico e de controle de poluentes, estabelecidos por resoluções e normas técnicas. Na Biblioteca Diva Saraiva do Campus I da Faculdade de Talentos Humanos, situada na cidade de Uberaba/MG, foi notado desconforto térmico por grande parte dos usuários. Os livros e demais arquivos da biblioteca encontram-se expostos a flutuações de temperatura e umidade, que favorecem a proliferação de fungos, que por consequência, aceleram os processos de deterioração de arquivos em papéis. O presente artigo apresenta uma abordagem do cálculo de carga térmica de uma edificação, a partir de três situações críticas: máxima irradiação solar, máxima temperatura externa e máxima ocupação de pessoas. A maior carga térmica encontrada foi na situação de máxima temperatura do ar externo, com o valor de 38.760,95 W, sendo que as maiores parcelas foram de condução de calor pela envoltória e renovação de ar. Foi proposta a instalação de um sistema VRF de climatização contendo 7 unidades evaporadoras, sistema de renovação de ar e também a aquisição de 2 desumidificadores portáteis para garantir a umidade relativa apropriada atendendo às demandas encontradas da edificação, acompanhado dos custos de aquisição (R$ 122.608,00), instalação (R$ 50.000,00) e manutenção dos equipamentos (R$ 2.800,00 mensais).
Avaliação da qualidade posicional de dados espaciais gerados por VANT para aplicações cadastrais do cemitério municipal de Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais
Authors: Pelegrini Mariana Dos Santos
Published: August 2021

Mediante a avaliação da qualidade de produtos cartográficos, surgiram-se especificações e técnicas com finalidade de regulamentar e padronizar processos relacionados à produção cartográfica nacional, em particular, a digital. Neste trabalho, destaca-se a importância da utilização de técnicas estatísticas no controle da qualidade posicional em dados espaciais. Para isso, avaliou-se uma imagem adquirida por VANT (Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado), usando as feições pontuais (pontos homólogos utilizados para verificação dos dados a partir de informações confiáveis), conforme o padrão de acurácia posicional brasileiro (Decreto-lei 89.817 aliado à ET-ADGV) e utilizando como referência, dados obtidos por meio de um levantamento geodesico executado através do método de posicionamento RTK (Real Time Kinematic). Duas situações foram consideradas na avaliação da qualidade posicional: a primeira referente à utilização da imagem não corrigida geometricamente (mantendo apenas informação posicional do VANT) e a segunda relativa ao uso da imagem corrigida geometricamente. Dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que, a partir das coordenadas homólogas coletadas através da imagem corrigida, as amostras não apresentaram tendência, revelando-se serem livres de erros sistemáticos, sendo classificada na classe A. No entanto, ao utilizar dados da imagem sem correção, obteve-se uma classificação C de acordo com o PEC (Padrão de Exatidão Cartográfico).
Análise gravimétrica dos resíduos sólidos grosseiros de unidades operacionais do sistema de esgotamento sanitário Insular, Florianópolis – SC
Authors: Bortolotto Nadine Lory , Poleto Cristiano
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar por meio da análise de composição gravimétrica dos resíduos sólidos retidos nos gradeamentos de algumas unidades operacionais do sistema de esgoto Insular do município de Florianópolis, Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram escolhidas duas estações elevatórias de esgoto (Beira-Mar Norte e Hospital Universitário/Trindade). Foram adotadas as seguintes classes de resíduos sólidos: plásticos, resíduos da construção civil, animais mortos, matéria orgânica, trapos e panos, rejeitos e outros. Foram identificados os resíduos sólidos que em maiores quantidades no sistema de esgotamento sanitário podem causar danos às unidades operacionais.
Medios de comunicación y medios sociales en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Martínez Garza Francisco Javier , González Treviño Margarita Emilia
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo se propuso identificar el uso, la dependencia y la confianza que se tuvo en los medios de comunicación y los medios sociales al inicio de la cuarentena decretada por el Estado mexicano con motivo de la llegada del nuevo coronavirus a México. Para responder al objetivo señalado se recurrió a la técnica de la encuesta. Los resultados indican que durante el periodo de la cuarentena hubo un aumento notable tanto del uso de los medios de comunicación como de los medios sociales. También muestran que aun cuando las evidencias dan fe de que los medios sociales (internet y sus aplicaciones) fueron las herramientas más utilizadas, en la ciudad de Monterrey (Nuevo León) y su área metropolitana las personas respondieron que los medios de comunicación fueron el recurso que les ofreció la mejor información sobre el tema. En específico, sostienen que fueron los noticieros de televisión el recurso del cual obtuvieron la información más confiable para tomar las decisiones y afrontar la crisis de salud.
Del programa electoral a la campaña política en Twitter Análisis de los datos suscritos a la interacción en Twitter de las campañas ganadoras en Medellín y Bogotá para 2019
Authors: Duque Giraldo Santiago , Salazar Martínez Carlos Andrés
Published: August 2021

Esta investigación estudia el proceso de transferencia que se produce entre el programa electoral de un candidato a un cargo público, la campaña política y su correspondiente impacto en las redes sociales. Particularmente, evalúa el encuadre, la prominencia y el significado de los mensajes publicados en los entornos virtuales y examina el índice afectivo asignado a la información. El análisis tiene como caso de estudio las elecciones regionales del 27 de octubre de 2019 en Colombia, exactamente las campañas en Twitter de los candidatos ganadores de las alcaldías de Bogotá y de Medellín. El estudio comparativo de las publicaciones de ambos candidatos se hace mediante el uso de la plataforma de análisis de datos Python - Orange3, que incluye modelos matemáticos para el procesamiento del lenguaje natural y el análisis afectivo. El marco conceptual está soportado en la teoría de la agenda setting y el concepto de encuadre del mensaje, desarrollados por McCombs y Evatt; estas nociones permitieron establecer el aporte que ha brindado al debate político el inminente traslado de las contiendas electorales a las redes sociales.
Some problematic issues of establishing administrative responsibility for violations of the legislation of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of peace and quiet of citizens
Authors:   LL.D., first deputy head of the V.Y. Kikot Moscow university of the MIA of Russia, Ziborov O.V. , Sultanov K.A. ,   PhD (law), senior lecturer of the department of civil and labor law, civil process of the V.Y. Kikot Moscow university of the MIA of Russia
Published: August 2021

The most urgent problematic issues of establishing administrative responsibility for violating the legislation of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of peace and quiet of citizens are considered. Currently, as is known at the federal level, there is no responsibility for violating the peace and quiet of citizens. At the same time, administrative responsibility for the abovementioned illegal acts is established by regional laws on administrative offenses. The main contradictions between the federal and regional legislation on administrative offenses are analyzed. Specific recommendations are proposed to help eliminate the legal gap that has arisen.
Administrative enforcement measures used to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population
Authors:   LL.D., professor of the department of international and public law of the Financial university under the Government of the Russian Federation, Popova N.F.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the regulations governing the provision of human health and epidemiological well-being in the conditions of the pandemic of coronavirus. The practice of applying administrative restraint and punishment in this emergency is considered. Existing gaps in the legislation in the field of human health and epidemiological well-being have been identified. The author emphasizes that in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the temporary restriction of the rights and freedoms of citizens in the conditions of a pandemic can be established only by federal laws, and not by-laws. In order to comply with this constitutional regulation, it is proposed to supplement the FH with regulations establishing prohibitions and restrictions for citizens and organizations in the event of a biological and social emergency, as well as to expand the list of rights and obligations of citizens in these conditions in accordance with the Russian Government’s Decree of 02.04.2020 No. 417, which establishes the rules of conduct in the emergency, expand the conceptual apparatus in the field of providing with the population to include the definition of such concepts as ‘isolation’ self-isolation, ‘home mode’ at the legislative level, etc.
Child abuse problems
Authors:   PhD (law), senior lecturer of the department of civil law and process of the Orenburg state university, Erokhina E.V. , Filippova E.O. ,   PhD in pedagogical sciences, senior lecturer of the department of criminal law of the Orenburg state university
Published: August 2021

The article examines the problem of child abuse, which worsened during the period of self-isolation. The aim of the work is to find effective means of preventing child abuse. On the basis of the study, it is concluded that the problem is complex and requires efforts not only by law enforcement agencies. Prevention measures must be comprehensive and involve the resources of both law enforcement and society.