bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF HUMAN BIORHYTHM TO IMPROVE SPORTS TRAINING INJURY
Authors: Zhu Rongping , Zhang Rui , Liu Bo
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sports injury often occurs in sports teaching and training, which directly affects the performance of the human body function and the improvement of sports performance. Objective: To study the feasibility of improving the biorhythm in sports training injury. Methods: 120 young athletes who are engaged in track and field training in traditional track and field sports schools in Liaoning Province are taken as the research objects. The effective data of the time and types of sports injuries, and the birth date, month and date of the injured athletes during training from 2005 to 2006 were collected. Results: Results show that in the relationship between human body three rhythm and the athlete's sports injury, the probability of sports injury in triple height is smaller; regarding the biological rhythm in one or more than one period or critical period, the damage probability is 95%, showing that most athletes sports injuries occur at a low and critical period stage. Conclusions: The arrangement of sports training must be adapted to the original biological rhythm of the human body, and the corresponding monthly cycle training plan should be made according to changes that occur in athletes’ physical cycles to avoid injury during training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
CHANGES IN THE FLEXOR AND EXTENSOR MUSCLES AT DIFFERENT SPEEDS
Authors: Ma Rui , Li Wenyan
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Centrifugal strength is an important element for strength quality. Developing muscle centrifugal strength can effectively increase the stability of lower limbs and reduce the risk of injury. Objective: To explore the characteristics of contractile force of flexor ahods in strength training and rehabilitation training, and the extensor muscles of the knee joint in athletes with different speeds of centripetal force. Methods: The knee joint muscle group of 8 first-level male high jumpers and 8 second-level male high jumpers were tested by isokinetic centrifugal contraction; the angular test velocity was 60 °/s, 120 °/s, 240 °/s, and the indexes included peak torque, relative peak torque (peak torque/body weight), and the peak torque flexural extension ratio. Results: With the centrifugal contraction of the knee joint muscle group (P < 0.05), the second-level high jumpers should increase the ability of the knee flexor muscle group of the take-off leg. In the case of constant velocity centrifugal contraction (P < 0.01), taking off time must be reduced, that is, taking off speed must be accelerated. Conclusions: The difference in the knee joint muscle isokinetic test results is one of the reasons for the difference in knee joint flexor and extensor muscle contractility under the different speed forces of high jumpers. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
MEDICAL EFFECT OF SPORTS ON IMPROVING THE MAXIMUM OXYGEN
Authors: Yu Hua
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maximum oxygen uptake is an effective indicator of the level of human cardiopulmonary function and aerobic work capacity. Observing the effects of aerobic training and formulating scientific training plans are of considerable value. Objective: To observe the effect of physical exercise on the human body's maximum oxygen uptake and arterial blood ketone body ratio. Methods: Before and after 4 weeks of physical exercise, the maximum oxygen uptake, blood lactic acid and heart rate changes, and ketone body content in the incremental load exercise experiment was measured in the human body. Results: The subjects’ maximum oxygen uptake, maximum exercise load, heart rate, and blood lactic acid levels increased significantly after physical exercise. Conclusion: The human body's maximum oxygen uptake is enhanced under sports. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
Genetic parameters controlling the inheritance of glaucousness and yield traits in bread wheat
Authors: Al-Naggar A. M. M. , Al-Azab K. F. , Younis A. S. M. , Hassan I. O. , Basyouny M. A. E. , Ayaad M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Wheat breeders frequently use generation mean analysis to obtain information on the type of gene action involved in inheriting a trait to choose the helpful breeding procedure for trait improvement. The present study was carried out to study the inter-allelic and intra-allelic gene action and inheritance of glaucousness, earliness and yield traits in a bread wheat cross between divergent parents in glaucousness and yield traits; namely Mut-2 (P1) and Sakha 93 (P2). The experimental material included six populations, i.e. P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2 for this wheat cross. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used, and a six parameters model was applied. Additive effects were generally more critical than dominance for all studied traits, except for plant height (PH) and grain yield/plant (GYPP). The duplicate epistasis was observed in spike length; SL, spikes/plant; SPP and days to heading; DTH. All six types of allelic and non-allelic interaction effects controlled SL, GYPP, DTH and glaucousness. All three types of epistasis, i.e. additive x additive, additive x dominance, and dominance x dominance, are essential in determining the inheritance of four traits (SL, GYPP, DTH and glaucousness). Dominance × dominance effects were higher in magnitude than additive × dominance and additive × additive in most traits. The average degree of dominance was minor than unity in six traits (glaucousness, grains/spike, spike weight, days to maturity, 100-grain weight and SL), indicating partial dominance and selection for these traits might be more effective in early generations. Meanwhile, the remaining traits (PH, SPP, GYPP and DTH) had a degree of dominance more than unity, indicating that overdominance gene effects control such traits and it is preferable to postpone selection to later generations. The highest values of narrow-sense heritability and genetic advance were recorded by glaucousness trait followed by SL and SPP, indicating that selection in segregating generations would be more effective than other traits.
Stance-taking: reporting verbs in citations in EFL undergraduate theses
Authors: Olmos-Lopez Pamela
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT L2 writers tend to have difficulties in using reporting verbs (Bloch, 2010) because the choosing of reporting verb needs some considerations: the stance of the author whose claims are being reported, the stance of the writer, and the interpretation of the writer (Thompson and Ye, 1991). This article explores stance-taking in reporting verbs in the context of citations in undergraduate theses written by Mexican students in English as a Foreign Language. The corpus consists of thirty undergraduate theses written by non-native speakers of English in the field of English Language Teaching. I use corpus linguistics tools, i.e., concordances for the analysis of stance-taking which makes the expressions observable in their context. The findings show that undergraduates use reporting verbs to express their stance in their theses and that this varies depending on the chapter. This paper suggests a category of reporting verbs that is commonly used in EFL academic writing within the ELT discipline. I propose some educational implications, stressing the need to make students and their instructors aware that the choice of reporting verbs is not just a matter of stylistic choice, but it can be an expression of authorial identity.
Analyzing a faculty learning community strategy based on a process-genre approach supported by videos to develop the writing competence of English teaching students
Authors: Caro Viviana Rojas , Figueroa Beatriz Moya , Ochoa Tania Tagle , Espinoza Mónica Campos , Rosales Lucía Ubilla , Muñoz Cecilia Schuster
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The primary purpose of this inquiry is to analyze the impacts of a teaching and learning strategy designed and implemented by a Chilean Faculty Learning Community (FLC) intended to develop the writing competence of student-teachers of an English Teaching Program. The FLC-led strategy was implemented through an eight-step cycle based on the process-genre approach and supported by educational videos. FLC members guided this cycle during writing sessions at the four levels of the English Linguistic Competence course at Universidad Católica de Temuco. The FLC implemented this experience to address the challenge of serving diverse students’ learning needs and meet the requirements of the national English proficiency standards required by the Chilean Ministry of Education. The FLC examined this experience focusing on students’ writing tasks results and their perceptions of the use of videos in the process, oriented by an impact and evaluation framework of teaching innovations and an action research design. The ages of trainee English teachers who participated in this innovation range between 18 and 22 years old. Students’ writing tests results were analyzed and compared to the suggested CEFR outcomes per level. Moreover, students shared their perceptions towards the use of videos through focus groups. Results show that most students improved their writing performance, especially in content and organization. Furthermore, students perceived that videos helped them contextualize their writing process and contribute as a support resource embedded in classroom activities. Overall, this experience helped the FLC members identify changes resulting from the innovations and areas of improvement.
The influence of ultra-processed food consumption in anthropometric and atherogenic indices of adolescents
Authors: NASCIMENTO Larisse Monteles , MONTEIRO Nayara Vieira do Nascimento , VILAR Thiana Magalhães , IBIAPINA Cyntia Regina Lúcio de Sousa , FROTA Karoline de Macedo Gonçalves
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the influence of ultra-processed food consumption on anthropometric and atherogenic indices. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 327 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical, and food consumption data were evaluated. The ratios of atherogenic indices were calculated using the Castelli I (Total Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol), Castelli II (Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol), and estimated Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol particle size (Atherogenic Index of Plasma=Triglycerides/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) indices. Logistic regression was used for the unadjusted and adjusted analysis between ultra-processed foods consumption, anthropometric, and atherogenic indices. The level of significance was 5%. Results Most participants were female (59.3%). Girls had a higher consumption of ultra-processed foods (26.6% vs. 20.5%). Of the total number of adolescents, 16.5% were overweight and 65.7% were from public schools. Adolescents with altered values for the Castelli I and II Index, and for the Atherogenic Index of Plasma had significantly higher weights, Waist Circumference, Waist Circumference/ Height and Body Mass Index/ Age values. The adjusted analysis identified a significant association (Odds ratio=2.29; 95% Confidence interval: 1.23-4.28) between the high consumption of ultra-processed foods and the Castelli II index. Conclusion The associations between atherogenic indices and anthropometric indices and the consumption of ultra-processed foods highlight the negative influence of these foods on adolescents’ cardiovascular health.
Vitamin A deficiency regulates the expression of ferritin in young male Wistar rats
Authors: RESTREPO-GALLEGO Mauricio , DÍAZ Luis Eduardo , OSPINA-VILLA Juan David , CHINCHILLA-CÁRDENAS Danny
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective Iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency are two of the main micronutrient deficiencies. Both micronutrients are essential for human life and children's development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin A deficiency on ferritin and transferrin receptors' expression and its relationship with iron deficiency. Methods Five diets with different vitamin A-to-iron ratios were given to thirty five 21-day-old male Wistar rats (separated in groups of seven animals each). The animals received the diet for six weeks before being euthanized. Serum iron and retinol levels were measured as biochemical parameters. Their duodenums, spleens, and livers were analyzed for the expression of ferritin and transferrin receptors by Western Blotting. Results Regarding biochemical parameters, the results show that when both vitamin A and iron are insufficient, the serum iron content (74.74µg/dL) is significantly lower than the control group (255.86µg/dL). The results also show that vitamin A deficiency does not influence the expression of the transferrin receptor, but only of the ferritin one. Conclusion Vitamin A deficiency regulates the expression of ferritin in young male Wistar rats.
Bilateral hearing loss as an initial presentation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Authors: Brito-Marques Janaina Mariana de Araujo Miranda , Melo Eduardo Sousa de , Medeiros Fabíola Lys de , Carvalho Cristiano Sobral de , Brito-Marques Paulo Roberto de
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT. We reported a case of a 61-year-old male patient with anacusis, cerebellar syndrome, myoclonus, and frontal signs. The brain magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral striated hyperintensity of the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and restricted diffusion in the diffusion-weighted imaging and hypointense areas corresponding to the apparent diffusion coefficient in the cerebral cortex. The autopsy revealed positive immunohistochemistry for the PrPSc protein. Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease presenting with hearing loss is unusual.
Ultrasonography applied to the description of voice quality settings in adult speakers of Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Jesus Tamar Vieira de , Almeida Aline Neves Pessoa , Camargo Zuleica
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: to relate ultrasound images with auditory-perceptual data on vocal quality settings in adult speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: the corpus consisted of speech samples (sentences contained in the instructional material of the Vocal Profile Analysis Scheme - VPAS-PB) from seven adult subjects of both genders, recorded simultaneously by acoustic and ultrasonographic means. Data analysis was based on auditory-perceptual judgments of vocal quality and ultrasound images generated by the AAA software. Results: vocal quality settings related to the position of the tongue body and the extension of the tongue and jaw found correspondences to the contours of ultrasound images of the tongue in selected key segments (oral vowels), especially those with greater degrees of manifestation. Conclusion: there were correspondences between vocal quality settings detected in the perceptual sphere and their respective tongue body and jaw ultrasound images.
Complementarity of pain assessment instruments in children with central nervous system impairment
Authors: Bittencourt Betina , Breigeiron Márcia Koja , Flores Fernanda da Silva , Pasin Simone Silveira
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the complementarity of the revised Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale and of the Inventory of Pain Behavior in Neurological Disability for the assessment of pain in children with severe neurological impairment. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted in pediatric units of a university hospital in the southern region of Brazil. The sample consisted of 26 children with severe neurological impairment, hospitalized from January to August 2019, and their caregivers. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics; Kappa Coefficient, Fisher’s Exact Test and Spearman’s Coefficient were used (p≤0,05). Results: Most children primary diagnosis was cerebral palsy (80.8%). Pain was present in 50.0% of children with the application of the scale and in 34.6% with that of the inventory. Considering the two instruments, there was good agreement (84.6%) between respondents (k=0.692; 95% CI 0.437-0.967; p=0.000). Conclusion: The instruments can be used complementarily to assess pain in children with this profile.
The elephant in the (class)room: Emergency Remote Teaching in an ecological perspective
Authors: Braga Junia , Martins Antônio Carlos S. , Racilan Marcos
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Most teachers are working from home and using digital tools to mediate their classes as a response to a demand for transitioning face-to-face to online classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on the ecological approach, this paper reports a qualitative study that aims to understand how digital technologies are integrated in the teaching practices during the Emergency Remote Teaching. Seventy-six language teachers answered a quasi-structured questionnaire about their experiences. The findings show how the network created with their peers scaffolded this experience and played a crucial role in their appropriation of those technologies. Moreover, the findings suggest that this network may have contributed to the “normalisation” of digital technology use.
Dilemmas of the Sharing Economy in the Age of Access
Authors: Costa-Nascimento Daniela Viegas da , Teodósio Armindo dos Santos de Sousa , Pinto Marcelo de Rezende
Published: December 2021

Abstract In the discussions involving the sharing economy, it is possible to see a tendency to highlight its positive aspects. However, the debates seem to neglect problematizations regarding the dilemmas and consequences of what sharing can mean for the social groups interested in embracing the sharing economy concept. In the age of access, the lack of ownership of goods may indicate a transformation concerning life in society. However, the essence of collaboration inherent in the sharing economy might be questioned, as the shared system would be just an attractive instrument with a friendly discourse mostly used to transfer the responsibility of the industry to the citizen, under the banner of mutual aid. Thus, our article seeks to investigate the different perspectives on sharing by analyzing its main dilemmas. Our study presents a critical view of the barriers, vulnerabilities and illusions present in this specific issue, which most studies and approaches on the subject end up reproducing. As a theoretical contribution to the literature, we point out that only those who have access to the sharing system are able to participate effectively, and their excesses reiterate the economicist and utilitarian structure based on inequality.
Dilemas da economia da partilha na era do acesso
Authors: Costa-Nascimento Daniela Viegas da , Teodósio Armindo dos Santos de Sousa , Pinto Marcelo de Rezende
Published: December 2021

Abstract In the discussions involving the sharing economy, it is possible to see a tendency to highlight its positive aspects. However, the debates seem to neglect problematizations regarding the dilemmas and consequences of what sharing can mean for the social groups interested in embracing the sharing economy concept. In the age of access, the lack of ownership of goods may indicate a transformation concerning life in society. However, the essence of collaboration inherent in the sharing economy might be questioned, as the shared system would be just an attractive instrument with a friendly discourse mostly used to transfer the responsibility of the industry to the citizen, under the banner of mutual aid. Thus, our article seeks to investigate the different perspectives on sharing by analyzing its main dilemmas. Our study presents a critical view of the barriers, vulnerabilities and illusions present in this specific issue, which most studies and approaches on the subject end up reproducing. As a theoretical contribution to the literature, we point out that only those who have access to the sharing system are able to participate effectively, and their excesses reiterate the economicist and utilitarian structure based on inequality.
La Configuración de Pedagogías Excluyentes en la Educación Media: análisis de procesos críticos en un centro educativo de la periferia montevideana
Authors: Rivero Leonel Aníbal , Viscardi Nilia , Habiaga Verónica
Published: December 2021

Resumen: El presente artículo estudia la configuración de una pedagogía excluyente en la enseñanza media secundaria. Se estudia el caso de un liceo periférico de Montevideo, realizando una etnografía durante dos años. Mediante process-tracing, se investiga el proceso de exclusión educativa de un adolescente en conflicto con la institución, analizando los mecanismos específicos por los cuales una serie de incivilidades son castigadas por la institución escolar, causando su expulsión y culminando en acciones sindicales, policiales y judiciales. El caso muestra las formas prácticas de exclusión de los adolescentes pobres en Uruguay y permite pensar las relaciones entre desigualdad, castigo y reconocimiento en el espacio educativo.
Contribuições do Desenho Universal para Aprendizagem à Educação a Distância
Authors: Böck Geisa Letícia Kempfer , Gesser Marivete , Nuernberg Adriano Henrique
Published: December 2021

Resumo: Práticas sensíveis e acolhedoras à variação humana são necessárias na educação. Neste estudo objetivou-se identificar se cursistas reconhecem a contribuição dos recursos disponibilizados e organizados a partir do framework do Desenho Universal para Aprendizagem em seus processos de participação com agência, permanência e engajamento em um curso de educação a distância. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica pautou-se nos Disability Studies e os dados foram coletados a partir de três técnicas: Diários Pessoais, Mapeamento Comportamental e Vestígios Ambientais, com posterior análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que, quando um curso é planejado com base no framework do DUA, muitas das necessidades dos estudantes com deficiência são contempladas e as barreiras restantes são comuns à maioria dos aprendizes.
Synopsis of Pentacalia (Compositae: Senecioneae) in Brazil
Authors: Teles Aristônio Magalhães , Fonseca Geovana Vieira da , Aona Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme
Published: December 2021

Abstract The genus Pentacalia belongs to the tribe Senecioneae. It is represented by approximately 160 species predominantly distributed in the Andes. Species of Pentacalia are characterized by having a scandent habit, usually alternate leaves, axillary or terminal capitulescence, homogamous or heterogamous capitula, commonly yellow ray-florets, yellowish, creamy, or whitish disc-florets, sagittate to caudate anther-bases, and cypselae with five to ten ribs. The aim of the present study was to perform a taxonomic treatment of Pentacalia in Brazil, where it is represented by two species, P. desiderabilis and P. tropicalis, from the Atlantic Forest Domain. Detailed descriptions, taxonomic discussions, geographical distributions, an identification key, illustrations and a new record of P. tropicalis for the Northeast Region are presented. Moreover, three names (Senecio desiderabilis, S. ellipticus, and S. tropicalis) are lectotypified.
Green propolis as an adjuvant against nontuberculous mycobacteria
Authors: Allend Suzane Olachea , Volcão Lisiane , Canielles Carolina da Silva , Barbosa Israel , Biatobock Dara , Silva Pedro Eduardo Almeida da , Ramos Daniela Fernandes
Published: December 2021

Abstract Natural products have been touted as important tools because of their vast potential for the development of compounds with antimicrobial activity and the possible inhibitory activity and/or adjuvant resistance mechanisms. Propolis has been empirically used for many years for the treatment of diseases, mainly due to its antioxidant, anti inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimycobacterial activity of the ethanol extract of propolis alone and in combination with rifampicin (RIF), amikacin (AMI) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). The ethanol extract of propolis showed antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium chelonae and M. kansasii and was capable of increasing AMI, RIF and CIP activity in combination. On the other hand, compared to M. absecessus, M. fortuitum and M. avium, the extract was not active at 200 µg/mL and did not show pronounced adjuvant capacity when evaluated in association with the drugs. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of propolis could be an alternative in the development of new drugs and can be used complementary with the current mycobacteriosis treatment.
Taxonomic study of Epidendrum (Laeliinae–Orchidaceae) in the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Gomes Gustavo da Silva , Ferreira Alessandro Wagner Coelho , Silva Maycon Jordan Costa da , Conceição Gonçalo Mendes da , Pessoa Edlley Max
Published: December 2021

Abstract The Brazilian state of Maranhão is located in a transition zone between the Amazon and Cerrado domains; its geographic position enables the coexistence of species from both biomes. Taxonomic information of Orchidaceae and especially Epidendrum in the state are scarce; thus this study aimed to provide a taxonomic treatment for the genus based on field expeditions and analyses of herbarium specimens (IAN, MAR, MG, NY, SLUI, and UB). Epidendrum is represented in Maranhão by 10 species, of which three are new records: E. amapense, E. anceps, and E. carpophorum. Another three previously cited species, E. nocturnum, E. sculptum, and E. viviparum, were not collected and also not found in the herbaria visited; moreover, these records represent misidentifications. The majority of the species is distributed in the Amazon domain; however, E. macrocarpum is recorded for the first time for the Brazilian Cerrado. Here we provide an identification key, descriptions, photographs, and a distribution map of the species in the state.
Pollen morphology of selected species of Anacardiaceae and its taxonomic significance
Authors: Assis Alano César Rocha de , Gasparino Eduardo Custódio , Saba Marileide Dias
Published: December 2021

Abstract In the present work, the pollen morphology of 22 species of Anacardiaceae was analysed, occurring in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The palynological material was obtained from specimens deposited in herbaria. The pollen grains were acetolysed, measured, illustrated and described under light and scanning electron microscopies. The quantitative data were statistically analysed according to sample size. The analysed species presented pollen grains in monads, small to medium sized, isopolar, amb circular to subtriangular, with shapes varying from oblate-spheroidal to prolate, 3-colporate, with fastigium in some species. The exine ornamentation was characterized as psilate, striate, microreticulate-striate, striato-perforate, suprastriato-infra(micro)reticulate. The pollen morphology variation confirms the eurypalynous character of the family. The attributes of the apertures and exine may collaborate in the taxonomic circumscription and provide a clarification of the phylogenetic relationships of the group.
Diversity of macrophytes in the Amazon deforestation arc: information on their distribution, life-forms and habits
Authors: Fares Ana Luísa Biondi , Sousa Raimundo Luiz Morais de , Gurgel Ely Simone Cajueiro , Gil André dos Santos Bragança , Silva Carlos Alberto Santos da , Michelan Thaísa Sala
Published: December 2021

Abstract The Amazon possesses the largest fluvial system on the planet, harboring a diverse biota. Still, many species remain undescribed, because of the Amazon’s immense scale and complexity, and because many habitats are now increasingly under pressure from anthropogenic activities. Macrophytes are important to physical and biological processes in aquatic ecosystems but remain poorly studied in Northern Brazil. The objective of this study was to provide a checklist of macrophyte species that occur in municipalities that form part of the Arc of Deforestation, Pará state, Brazil, bringing information on their habits and life-forms. We sampled 36 sites at three types of aquatic ecosystems (streams, ponds and lakes). In total, we recorded 50 species, 38 genera and 24 families. Most species were amphibious or emergent. Degraded streams have environmental characteristics similar to lentic habitats, which could provide more suitable habitats for macrophytes that otherwise would not occur in lotic habitats, thus explaining the higher diversity in these ecosystems. Macrophyte diversity in this region follows similar patterns to other Brazilian regions. This study contributes to the assessment of aquatic macrophytes in the Amazon, especially in more degraded regions, such as the Amazon deforestation arc.
Malpighiaceae in southern Brazil: Identification keys for genera and updates on species richness
Authors: Soares Edson Luís de Carvalho , Záchia Renato Aquino , Durigon Jaqueline , Miotto Silvia Teresinha Sfoggia
Published: December 2021

Abstract Recent studies have contributed to a better understanding of the circumscription of some genera of Malpighiaceae and the overall diversity of the family in Brazilian tropical ecosystems. In southern Brazil, however, this important group of lianas and shrubs still has not been fully categorized. The present study provides identification keys based on floral and fruit morphology for the 23 genera reported from southern Brazil. The importance of the number of styles and the position and shape of the stigmas for the recognition of genera was confirmed. Illustrations of morphological characteristics used in the keys and notes about taxonomy, species richness and distribution are provided. It should be noted that the occurrence of some Malpighiaceae genera that are represented by only one species in the southern region, such as Bronwenia, Camarea and Heladena, are not yet cited in the Flora do Brasil 2020 database. A total of 95 species were confirmed and documented by voucher specimens. Banisteriopsis pseudojanusia, Heteropterys dusenii and Peixotoa catarinensis, occur exclusively in southern Brazil and are classified as “Critically Endangered”, “Vulnerable” and “Endangered” in the Brazilian Red List, respectively.
Floristics, phytosociology and biogeography of capitinga vegetation in a white sand habitat in the Chapada Diamantina Mountains, Brazil
Authors: Funch Ligia Silveira , Funch Roy Richard , Rocha Francimira Ferreira , Couto-Santos Ana Paula Lima do , Branco Mário Sérgio , Moro Marcelo Freire
Published: December 2021

Abstract Capitinga is poorly studied vegetation growing on small, scattered islands of fine, white sand surrounded by the latosol forests on the eastern flank of the Chapada Diamantina Mountains in northeastern Brazil. Our study characterized capitinga vegetation, its environmental features, and compared its flora with the vegetation mosaic within the Espinhaço and Chapada Diamantina ranges. Floristic data was collected from 1999-2006, and phytosociological surveys were undertaken in 2004-2005 and 2016-2017 within fifteen 50 x 2 m plots (100 m2 each, 1500 m2 in total). Multivariate grouping and ordination analysis were used to examine the floristic affinities of capitinga vegetation. Sixty different species from 36 families were recorded overall, while a total of 4945 individuals distributed among 25 families and 33 species were recorded in the plots. The richest families were Fabaceae (7) and Apocynaceae (5), while the most abundant families were Arecaceae (61.5% of all individuals) and Velloziaceae (18.4%), represented by Syagrus harleyi and Vellozia dasypus respectively. Capitinga represents a distinct habitat conditioned by edaphic features, and its flora is unlike other vegetations in the Espinhaço or Chapada Diamantina ranges, with several locally endemic species.
HPLC-ESI-MS/MS phenolic profile of ‟Nanicão Corupá” (Musa acuminata)
Authors: Borges Amanda Rodrigues , Capistrano Ana Paula Jungston , Saatkamp Camila , Utzig Luisana Lusia Silveira , Lopes Bruna Gonçalves , Santos Julia Candiani dos , Silva Allan da , Silva Mayara , Gonçalves Samantha , Micke Gustavo Amadeu , Vitali Luciano , Sestile Caio Cesar , Zimmermann Lara Almida , Neis Vivian Binder , Tenfen Adrielli
Published: December 2021

Abstract “Nanicão Corupá” (Musa acuminata) comes from Southern Brazil. The tropical climate in the region provides unique characteristics, including a sweeter flavor. This difference resulted in a Geographical Indication Recognition and Designation of Origin, recognized by the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) in Brazil. Considering that “Nanicão Corupá” has some peculiarities related to the climate and there are no studies evaluating this banana cultivars, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative phenolic composition of the aerial parts of “Nanicão Corupá” by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS in comparison to 46 commercial standards of phenolic compounds. Aerial parts (flower, leaves, fruit and stem) of “Nanicão Corupá” were collected and macerated in methanolic extracts, which were partitioned with solvents of different polarities (dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis was performed using the sample pre-treatment, chromatographic and mass spectrometer parameters. Results demonstrated that a total of 11 phenolic compounds were identified in the analyzed samples. The majority of compounds was identified in the ethyl acetate fraction (BFEF) of banana flowers: rutin (36.06 ± 0.23) and isoquercetin (28.83 ± 5). The compounds isoquercetin, naringerin and myricitrin were identified for the first time in the Musa genus.
Disentangling parasitic vines in the tropics: taxonomic notes for an accurate identification of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) and Cassytha (Lauraceae)
Authors: Silva Simone Soares da , Simão-Bianchini Rosângela , Simões Ana Rita Giraldes , Costea Mihai
Published: December 2021

Abstract Parasitic plants are often associated with agricultural, forestry and grassland economic losses, but they are also keystone species in their natural ecosystems. Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) and Cassytha (Lauraceae) are parasitic plants which have evolved similar stem habit and morphology, rendering them remarkably similar during the vegetative stage. Since both genera are common in the tropics, misidentifications are frequent, which is detrimental for understanding their geographical distribution, biology and ecology, as well as to the development of adequate control or conservation practices. We here present a practical identification guide for a clear and accurate distinction between Cuscuta and Cassytha, using stems and reproductive structures of both fresh plants and herbarium specimens, aimed at taxonomists and agricultural experts. An identification key, a comparative table, detailed descriptions and illustrations are included to facilitate genus recognition. The current practice of macroscopic observation of the filiform stems, on which many professionals rely, may not be enough to distinguish the two genera. The analysis of stem micromorphology, and/or of the flower or fruit morphology, are necessary for a conclusive identification.
Colorimetry of Acacia mangium wood from plantations in northeast Brazil
Authors: Gomes Stephanie Hellen Barbosa , França Ramiro Faria , Santos Rosimeire Cavalcante dos , Nisgoski Silvana , Muñiz Graciela Inés Bolzon de
Published: December 2021

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate color characteristics in wood samples from Acacia mangium from a homogeneous plantation in Bahia state, northeast Brazil, and also analyze the influence of anatomical section and radial position in the trunk on color response to contribute to information for the best use of the wood, such as, for example, the optimization of the performance of the pieces in sawmill through the most acceptable aesthetic form by the final consumer. Six trees with age of 14 years were cut. The species was identified by anatomical analysis at the Laboratory of Wood Anatomy of the Federal University of Paraná, comparing the sample collected with the authenticated material. A disc from the base of each tree was divided into six samples oriented in anatomical sections (transversal, radial and tangential), with dimensions of 20 × 20 × 30mm, named near pith, intermediate and near bark. A total of 36 samples were evaluated, 12 from each position. The colorimetric evaluation was performed with a CM-5 spectrophotometer. Data on lightness, green-red and blue-yellow chromatic coordinates were obtained, and values of saturation and hue angle were calculated. Acacia wood from planted forest is classified as olive color. Color parameters were influenced by anatomical section and radial position in the trunk, being found 44 for the transversal section, 55 for the tangential section and 57 in the radial for luminosity. Transversal sections had lower values in comparison to longitudinal surfaces and radial sections had higher luminosity than tangential sections. The near bark region presented lower values in most colorimetric parameters, except hue angle, in comparison with the intermediate and near pith regions, which was around 70 in the different positions of the wood.
Anaphora and subordination in Karitiana
Authors: Storto Luciana , Vivanco Karin
Published: December 2021

Abstract This paper describes the behavior of the anaphoric element ta- in Karitiana (Arikém branch, Tupian family) showing that it is a third person anaphor which must be bound (c-commanded and coindexed) by an antecedent in the same sentence. ta- may occur as a possessor clitic attached to a nominal, or as a subject or object clitic attached to a verb. We show with elicited and spontaneous data that the Karitiana anaphor is subject oriented when occurring in embedded environments, being able to refer to the subject of the matrix clause or to the subject of an embedded clause in cases of multiple embedding. We analyze this lexical item as a medium-distance anaphor, following the definition of Reuland and Koster (1991). Logophoric uses of the ta- anaphor are also exemplified and briefly discussed.
How to not lose the track: tail-head linkage as a mechanism for maintaining cohesion of spatial information in Dâw narratives
Authors: Obert Karolin
Published: December 2021

Abstract References to landscape and places are central in traditional narratives by speakers of Dâw (Naduhup, Brazilian Amazon). This emphasis on spatial reference is primarily established through locative adverbial clauses that are often repeated throughout the discourse. Their function is to relate an event to a place, establish reference to locative information mentioned earlier in discourse, and provide cohesion when pre-posed to the main clause. In this syntactic position, they act as bridges connecting sentences and paragraphs by referring to antecedent context. Locative adverbial clauses in clause-initial position are interesting in Dâw because they can occur as exact replicas of a locative adverbial clause that was postposed to the main clause of the antecedent sentence. This strategy has been described in the literature as tail-head linkage. Its central function is to maintain coherence among participants and events along subsequent sentences in discourse and to ensure that the interlocutor is able to track the numerous locations mentioned in the narrative. This paper explores the functional and formal properties of tail-head linkage by focusing on locative adverbial clauses in Dâw, and contributes to the understanding of how processes of subordination can be responsible for tracking spatial information in the discourse of Dâw speakers.
Counterfactual and non-counterfactual conditional constructions in Kuikuro (Upper Xingu Carib)
Authors: Franchetto Bruna
Published: December 2021

Abstract Kuikuro is one of the varieties of the Upper Xingu Carib Language, of the Southern Xinguan Branch of the Carib family, which is spoken by approximately 600 people, in the region known as the Upper Xingu, at the southern edge of the Brazilian Amazon. This article focuses on counterfactual and non-counterfactual conditional constructions in Kuikuro. After an introduction containing the relevant information on methodology, theoretical background and the main questions that arise from the Kuikuro data, the article is further organized into two sections. The first one offers a brief introduction to the Kuikuro people and a sketch of the Kuikuro morphosyntactic typology and the relevant grammatical facts. The second section describes counterfactual and non-counterfactual conditional constructions. The results of this preliminary study show that Kuikuro speakers have multiple morphosyntactic resources available to realize utterances expressing conceptual and pragmatic domains of possibility, whether these are asserted, assumed, or denied.
(a)simetrias de gênero no acesso ao esporte no ensino superior público
Authors: Faria Liliana , Batista Carolina
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar a frequência de homens e mulheres, as médias da prova de ingresso e de nota de candidatura ao ensino superior, bem como a opção de candidatura, em todos cursos de esporte, em Portugal. Os dados foram coletados no site da Direção-Geral do Ensino Superior. Os resultados mostram que há diferenças estatisticamente significativas em termos de representatividade de género, favoráveis aos homens em todos os cursos esportivos. Não obstante as mulheres apresentarem médias de ingresso e de nota de candidatura iguais ou superiores às dos homens, são estes que mais frequentemente são colocados em todas as opções de candidatura. As mulheres parecem continuar a evitar as áreas do esporte como áreas do ensino superior.
Health aspects of active bodybuilders: monitoring by multidisciplinary team
Authors: Coraucci-Neto Bruno , Bertani Rodrigo Fenner , Campos Giulliard Oliveira , Bonardi José Maria Thiago , Lima Nereida Kilza da Costa
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Preparation in bodybuilding involves high-intensity workouts and drastic feeding strategies. Little is known about health risks. Athletes (n=510, 59.8% male) were evaluated about health aspects, anthropometry, and blood pressure (BP). Chronic diseases were reported by 6,6%, but 88.9% of them did not treat; 1.9% reported hypertension, with 15.7% having high BP; and 52.5% reported the use of prohibited drugs in the last 6 months. Body mass index was 26.2±2.5 for man and 22.3±2.2 Kg/m2 for woman. Men had lower monitoring than women by physical education professionals, nutritionists, and physicians (p<0.01). Athletes are exposed to health risks factors such as lack of knowledge about diseases, high use of prohibited substances and less monitoring by professionals among men.
Hábitos e racionalidade
Authors: Broens Mariana C. , Gonzalez Maria Eunice , Kobayashi Guiou , Quilici-Gonzalez José Artur
Published: December 2021

(Este artigo faz parte de um projeto da Trans/Form/Ação: revista de filosofia da Unesp. Trata-se do Dossiê Filosofia Autoral, a ser publicado em 2022.) Neste artigo, discutimos o seguinte dilema: de um lado, o crescente impacto das Tecnologias de Comunicação e Informação nos hábitos cotidianos parece influenciar a dinâmica da opinião pública, reforçando crenças irracionais e criando a impressão de que a autonomia da opinião e das decisões das pessoas é apenas um mito. De outro lado, as pessoas parecem agir racionalmente na maioria das vezes, nas circunstâncias normais da vida cotidiana, como se suas ações habituais resultassem de decisões relativamente autônomas. A hipótese que propomos para superar o dilema é de que as pessoas podem agir racionalmente na maioria das vezes, mas têm suas opiniões influenciadas por informações insuficientes ou distorcidas ou por hábitos e disposições emocionais previamente adquiridas. Essa hipótese, por sua vez, será examinada, a partir de uma perspectiva filosófico-interdisciplinar, considerando o papel das escolhas racionais na dinâmica de formação da opinião autônoma. Com diagramas ilustrativos, argumentamos que hipóteses da teoria dos Sistemas Complexos podem auxiliar a compreensão do possível papel de disposições emocionais no processo de formação de opiniões.
Feasibility study of floating solar panels over lakes in Bengaluru City, India
Authors: Yashas V , Aman Bagrecha , Dhanush S
Published: December 2021

Sustainable energy production has become an issue of prime concern for regions across the globe. With all the global bodies urging nations to explore and adopt clean sources of energy, India’s enormous solar potential provides a sustainable source of energy, replacing conventional sources that are both polluting and rapidly depleting. To produce large amounts of solar energy, solar parks spanning across large areas are required, making it impossible to serve in highly populated cities like Bengaluru, where spacious lands are not available. The rooftop solutions contribute very minimally towards the city’s energy demand because of the dense urban cover and congested planning. But the city has a large number of water bodies including tanks, large lakes and reservoirs. This paper studies the floating solar photovoltaic (FSPV) technology to provide an alternative solar route to harness sustainable energy. In this study, 32 lakes within the city limits were considered spanning across 3294 ac of lake area and analysed for the climatic suitability of FSPV systems, solar output assessment and estimation of evaporation losses. The study found that the FSPV systems adopted on lakes with a coverage ratio of 0.5–0.6 could meet an average of 26% of the city’s annual power demand.
Fil Sûresinin Edebî Sanatlar ve İfadeler Bağlamında Tarihselliği ve Evrenselliği
Authors: KABAKÇILI Osman
Published: December 2021

Kur’an’daki her lafzın dizilişi kendi içinde farklı anlamları içerir. Bu bakış açısıyla âyetlere yaklaşan müfessirler lafızlar arasındaki bu anlam zenginliğine işaret etmişlerdir. Bu bağlamda Fil sûresindeki edebi sanatlar açık bir şekilde dikkat çeker. Bu sûrenin âyetleri arasındaki lam fasıla harfi kendini çok açık bir şekilde hissettirir. Bu yönüyle mezkür harf sûreye lafzi güzellik katar. Bu sûrede istiare ve teşbih gibi edebi sanatlar çok açık bir şekilde görülür. Bu bağlamda sûredeki istiare ve teş-bihlerin sûreye kattığı anlamların incelenmesi Kur’an’ın edebi yönünü vurgulamak açısından önemli-dir. Ayrıca bu edebi sanatlar bağlamında sûrenin anlam derinliklerine dikkat çekmek okuyucunun duygu yönüne hitap etmesi açısından konunun önemini arttırır. Görmedin mi? ifadesindeki istiare sanatı olayın gerçekliğine vurgu yapması açısından dikkat çeker. Ebabil kavramının yığın ve küme anlamında teşbih olarak açıklanması ise Fil Olayı’nın etkisini anlatması açısından önemlidir. Bu kav-ramın ebabil kuşu şeklinde çevrilmesi kendi içinde bazı sorunları barındırır. Ebabil kuşunun hangi tür kuş olduğu yönünde bir kapalılık oluşur. Ancak bu ifade teşbih olarak yorumlandığında bu sorun orta-dan kalkar. Bu çalışmanın amacı sûredeki edebi sanatları ve ifadeleri tespit ettikten sonra bunların sûreye kattığı anlam derinliklerini öne çıkarmaktır. Sûrede işlenen konu tarihi bir olay olması hasebiy-le konunun tarihsellik ve evrensellik açısından da işlenmesi önemlidir. Bu sebeple konu ele alınırken bu yönleriyle de incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Zira tarihsellik evrensellik ikilemi ciddi bir tartışma konusudur.