bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Birth expectations, birth experiences and childbirth‐related post‐traumatic stress symptoms in mothers and birth companions: Dyadic investigation using response surface analysis
Authors: Buyukcan‐Tetik Asuman , Seefeld Lara , Bergunde Luisa , Ergun Turan Deniz , Dikmen‐Yildiz Pelin , Horsch Antje , Garthus‐Niegel Susan , Oosterman Mirjam , Lalor Joan , Weigl Tobias , Bogaerts Annick , Van Haeken Sarah , Downe Soo , Ayers Susan
Published: June 2024

Objectives

During the perinatal period, women and their birth companions form expectations about childbirth. We aimed to examine whether a mismatch between birth expectations and experiences predict childbirth‐related post‐traumatic stress symptoms (CB‐PTSS) for mothers and birth companions. We also explored the influence of the mismatch between mothers' and birth companions' expectations/experiences on CB‐PTSS.

Design

Dyadic longitudinal data from the Self‐Hypnosis IntraPartum Trial.

Methods

Participants (n = 469 mothers; n = 358 birth companions) completed questionnaires at 27 and 36 weeks of gestation and 2 and 6 weeks post‐partum. We used the measures of birth expectations (36 weeks gestation), birth experiences (2 weeks post‐partum) and CB‐PTSS (6 weeks post‐partum).

Results

Correlations revealed that birth expectations were associated with experiences for both mothers and birth companions but were not consistently associated with CB‐PTSS. Birth experiences related to CB‐PTSS for both mothers and birth companions. The response surface analysis results showed no support for the effect of a mismatch between expectations and experiences on CB‐PTSS in mothers or birth companions. Similarly, a mismatch between mothers' and birth companions' expectations or experiences was unrelated to CB‐PTSS.

Conclusions

Following previous literature, birth expectations were associated with experiences, and experiences were associated with CB‐PTSS. By testing the effect of the match between birth experiences and expectations using an advanced statistical method, we found that experiences play a more substantial role than the match between experiences and expectations in CB‐PTSS. The impact of birth experiences on CB‐PTSS highlights the importance of respectful and supportive maternity care.
A single‐site feasibility randomised controlled trial comparing ‘my hypo compass’ short pyscho‐educational intervention with standard care alone in individuals with type 1 diabetes and impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia
Authors: Bashir Ayat , Flatt Anneliese J. , Richell Gez , Shaw James A. M.
Published: June 2024

Aims

The HypoCOMPaSS multi‐centre trial achieved improvement in hypoglycaemia awareness and 20‐fold reduction in severe hypoglycaemia (SH) in a cohort with long‐standing type 1 diabetes (T1D). All participants received ‘my hypo compass’ (MHC) brief structured psycho‐educational intervention in addition to optimisation of insulin delivery/glucose monitoring. In this 24‐week, prospective, single‐centre feasibility RCT, we piloted MHC as a sole intervention in comparison to standard clinical care alone (CON).

Methods

Participants with T1D and impaired hypoglycaemia awareness (IAH) (Clarke score ≥4) were recruited. MHC comprised a group/individual 1–2 h face‐to‐face session followed by a telephone call and second face‐to‐face session at 4 weeks. Outcome measures at 24 weeks were compared with baseline.

Results

Fifty‐two individuals provided consent for screening with 39 fulfilling eligibility criteria. Fifteen withdrew before any study intervention. Twenty‐four adults with (mean ± SD) T1D duration 41.0 ± 15.1 years commenced/completed the study (100% visit attendance); 12 randomised to MHC and 12 to CON. All had IAH at baseline and at 24 weeks. Annualised SH rate following MHC was 3.8 ± 19.0 (24 weeks) versus 12.6 ± 3.5 (Baseline) and in CON group 2.0 ± 19.0 (24 weeks) versus 4.6 ± 11.5 (Baseline). ‘Immediate Action’ for and ‘Worry’ about hyperglycaemia measured by the Hyperglycaemia Avoidance Scale appeared lower following MHC. Participants attended all study visits and reflected positively on the MHC intervention.

Conclusions

Feasibility of MHC implementation without additional intervention has been demonstrated. MHC education was associated with positive changes in attitudes and behaviours with the potential to reduce SH risk. MHC provides a validated, simple, well‐received programme to fulfil the educational component within RCTs targeting problematic hypoglycaemia and as part of holistic clinical care.
Supply chain finance and firm strategic change: A firm life cycle perspective
Authors: Ma Chen , Liu Qian , Cao Ruiqing , Dai Zixuan , Guo Fei
Published: June 2024

Using a proprietary data set from the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, we examine the relationship between Supply Chain Finance (SCF) and strategic change in core firms. Our analysis reveals that SCF facilitates strategic change in growing firms but hinders it in declining firms, with no significant effect on mature firms. In growing firms, SCF enhances risk‐taking capacity and reduces equity costs, while in declining firms, it stabilizes supply chains and increases customer concentration. In mature firms, SCF leads to strategic inertia. Economic tests suggest SCF aids firms in establishing unique competitive advantages at various stages of their life cycles.
Closed inguinal castration technique in horses compared with field castrations using post‐operative serum amyloid A analysis
Authors: Riemersma Dirk Jan , Fahlbusch Gerold , Rijkenhuizen Astrid B. M.
Published: June 2024

The inflammatory response to a truly closed castration procedure in 51 horses using an inguinal approach was quantified by serum amyloid A (SAA) measurements to be on average 94 mg/L on day three after surgery. The average SAA value after field castrations, using a scrotal approach, was reported by four different investigations to be between 480 and 708 mg/L on day three post‐operatively. The discrepancy in SAA levels between these different approaches proved to be significant (p < 0.001), quantifying a substantially lower inflammatory response of the closed inguinal technique over regular field castrations using a scrotal approach.
Personal connections, financial advisors and M&A outcomes
Authors: Jandik Dobrina , Jandik Tomas , Xu Weineng
Published: June 2024

Personal connections (based on prior employment, educational, or social club membership overlaps) between top executives and board members of the bidding firm and those of the bidder financial advisor affect Mergers and Acquisition (M&A) outcomes. M&A deals where bidder top managers share past personal work‐related connections with their advisors are associated with 1.7% lower bidder announcement returns compared to the returns for deals without such connections. We also show M&A deals advised by personally connected financial advisors are more likely to be completed but take longer to get finalized. Last, when connections exist, the bidder CEO receives a higher cash bonus upon completion of the deal, and the financial advisors are rewarded by higher advisor fees. Overall, our findings suggest that personal connections between bidders and their financial advisors could be detrimental.
Setts of European badger Meles meles in open habitats: trend or exception?
Authors: Kurek Przemysław , Wiatrowska Blanka , Ważna Agnieszka , Vink Hans
Published: June 2024

Reports on the location of badger setts generally focussed on woodland habitats and paid little attention to open areas. There was a negative correlation between the number of setts in open landscape and the proportion of forest cover with an inflection point at 25–35%. A higher proportion of badger setts in open habitats is observed when forest cover is below the inflection point. The location of setts in the open landscape results from the dominance of these habitats and the low availability of woodland and that is a permanent aspect of badger behaviour and not a short‐term trend.
Fake News!
Authors: Weatherall James Owen , O’Connor Cailin
Published: June 2024

We review several topics of philosophical interest connected to misleading online content. First we consider proposed definitions of different types of misleading content. Then we consider the epistemology of misinformation, focusing on approaches from virtue epistemology and social epistemology. Finally we discuss how misinformation is related to belief polarization, and argue that models of rational polarization present special challenges for conceptualizing fake news and misinformation.
Elementary preservice teachers' use of prompts to encourage student‐to‐student talk during simulated argumentation discussions
Authors: Masters Heidi L. , Lottero‐Perdue Pamela S. , Placa Nicora , Galindo Enrique , Mikeska Jamie N. , Howell Heather
Published: June 2024

Providing opportunities for students to talk directly with their peers is a critical dimension to facilitating discussions in mathematics and science, including argumentation‐focused discussions in which students construct arguments and critique others' arguments. Research suggests that supporting student‐to‐student talk and facilitating argumentation discussions are complex and challenging practices for preservice teachers (PSTs). Elementary PSTs from two mathematics and two science methods courses practiced facilitating student‐to‐student talk within the context of an argumentation‐focused discussion. This study's main purpose was to explore the prompts that 29 PSTs used to encourage student‐to‐student talk in a simulated classroom. Findings show the PSTs were able to use direct prompts that encourage student‐to‐student talk but were just as likely to use prompts that may discourage students from talking to each other. Most direct prompts PSTs used to encourage student‐to‐student talk were for the purpose of argumentation construction and/or critique. PSTs were more likely to use indirect prompts, much like Talk Moves, that encourage students to consider others' ideas rather than requesting that students talk with each other. These findings have important implications for future research, as well as for teacher educators and professional learning facilitators who support teachers learning to encourage student‐to‐student talk during argumentation‐focused discussions.
National Development Plans and Market Process: A revision from Law & Economics, IA, and the Public Issues perspectives
Authors: Méndez Reátegui Rubén
Published: June 2024

This journal article theoretically examines the thesis of whether a government organization envisaged to, directly and indirectly, regulate the “market process” manages to fulfill its “macro functions” from a “long-run performance” perspective. Also, the proposed exercise is characterized as a public issue and therefore, for its analysis, a hypothetical-deductive exercise and formulation of conjectures is proposed in the sense of Noveck —2022—. That is, in addition to the implementation of ideas from the economic psychology of Richard Thaler —1986—, an analysis matrix is created to explore whether the actions of an entity such as the Superintendence of Industry and Commerce of Colombia (SIC), randomly selected as an example, can contribute to the “market process” by automating the implementation of its strategic plan through the introduction and/or deepening of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and other advanced analysis tools that add value.
Glycolysis in hepatic stellate cells coordinates fibrogenic extracellular vesicle release spatially to amplify liver fibrosis
Authors: Khanal Shalil , Liu Yuanhang , Bamidele Adebowale O. , Wixom Alexander Q. , Washington Alexander M. , Jalan-Sakrikar Nidhi , Cooper Shawna A. , Vuckovic Ivan , Zhang Song , Zhong Jun , Johnson Kenneth L. , Charlesworth M. Cristine , Kim Iljung , Yeon Yubin , Yoon Sangwoong , Noh Yung-Kyun , Meroueh Chady , Timbilla Abdul Aziz , Yaqoob Usman , Gao Jinhang , Kim Yohan , Lucien Fabrice , Huebert Robert C. , Hay Nissim , Simons Michael , Shah Vijay H. , Kostallari Enis
Published: June 2024

Liver fibrosis is characterized by the activation of perivascular hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the release of fibrogenic nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs), and increased HSC glycolysis. Nevertheless, how glycolysis in HSCs coordinates fibrosis amplification through tissue zone-specific pathways remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that HSC-specific genetic inhibition of glycolysis reduced liver fibrosis. Moreover, spatial transcriptomics revealed a fibrosis-mediated up-regulation of EV-related pathways in the liver pericentral zone, which was abrogated by glycolysis genetic inhibition. Mechanistically, glycolysis in HSCs up-regulated the expression of EV-related genes such as Ras-related protein Rab-31 (
RAB31
) by enhancing histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation on the promoter region, which increased EV release. Functionally, these glycolysis-dependent EVs increased fibrotic gene expression in recipient HSC. Furthermore, EVs derived from glycolysis-deficient mice abrogated liver fibrosis amplification in contrast to glycolysis-competent mouse EVs. In summary, glycolysis in HSCs amplifies liver fibrosis by promoting fibrogenic EV release in the hepatic pericentral zone, which represents a potential therapeutic target.
Food meets fridge
Frostbite: How Refrigeration Changed Our Food, Our Planet, and Ourselves
Nicola Twilley
Penguin Press, 2024. 400 pp.
Authors: Rees Jonathan
Published: June 2024

A journalist invites readers on an expansive romp through the artificial cryosphere
Supplemental Material: Collision structures of the Prince William terrane and Chugach terrane docking along the Shumagin and Unimak convergent margins, Alaska, USA
Authors: Huene Roland von , Miller John J.
Published: June 2024

Maps of the October 2020 earthquake aftershocks area showing lower plate source structure, the orientation of lower crustal fabric, and bend faulting. ALEUT line 6 illustrating the absence of coherent landward dipping reflections in ALEUT seismic lines other than line 5 and an explanation of limits in migrating strike reflections.  
Achieved oxygen saturations and risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia with pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants
Authors: Gentle Samuel J , Singh Avinash , Travers Colm P , Nakhmani Arie , Carlo Waldemar A , Ambalavanan Namasivayam
Published: June 2024

Objective

Characterisation of oxygen saturation (SpO2)-related predictors that correspond with both bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH) development and survival status in infants with BPD-PH may improve patient outcomes. This investigation assessed whether (1) infants with BPD-PH compared with infants with BPD alone, and (2) BPD-PH non-survivors compared with BPD-PH survivors would (a) achieve lower SpO2distributions, (b) have a higher fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) exposure and (c) have a higher oxygen saturation index (OSI).

Design

Case–control study between infants with BPD-PH (cases) and BPD alone (controls) and by survival status within cases.

Setting

Single-centre study in the USA.

Patients

Infants born at <29 weeks’ gestation and on respiratory support at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age.

Exposures

FiO2exposure, SpO2distributions and OSI were analysed over the week preceding BPD-PH diagnosis.

Main outcomes and measures

BPD-PH, BPD alone and survival status in infants with BPD-PH.

Results

40 infants with BPD-PH were compared with 40 infants with BPD alone. Infants who developed BPD-PH achieved lower SpO2compared with infants with BPD (p<0.001), were exposed to a higher FiO2(0.50 vs 0.34; p=0.02) and had a higher OSI (4.3 vs 2.6; p=0.03). Compared with survivors, infants with BPD-PH who died achieved a lower SpO2(p<0.001) and were exposed to a higher FiO2(0.70 vs 0.42; p=0.049).

Conclusions

SpO2-related predictors differed between infants with BPD-PH and BPD alone and among infants with BPD-PH by survival status. The OSI may provide a non-invasive predictor for BPD-PH in preterm infants.
Mucosal bleeding while on venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the setting of vitamin C deficiency
Authors: Aljeaidi Muhamad , Fiorilla Xavier Marco , Mammana Bianca , Anstey Matthew
Published: June 2024

A major complication with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is bleeding which can occur in up to 40% of cases and can be life-threatening. Minor bleeding may be overlooked and under-reported. While some of the underlying mechanisms such as platelet injury and anticoagulation therapy have been identified, several other factors are still under-researched. Here, we describe a unique case of a subtle mucosal membrane bleeding that is found to be associated with vitamin C deficiency while on treatment with ECMO. Investigating vitamin C levels may be useful in understanding causes of bleeding in some patients on ECMO therapy, particularly if there are risk factors for malnutrition.
Case of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, possibly secondary to vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis, successfully treated with rituximab
Authors: Temido Maria José , Lopes Sandra , Figueiredo Pedro , Portela Francisco
Published: June 2024

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), autoimmune destruction of erythrocytes is most commonly secondary to immunomodulated conditions. The association between AIHA and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been poorly investigated. We aim to report a case of AIHA in a patient with ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with vedolizumab.

A case of a woman in her 30s with UC that after the initiation of vedolizumab developed severe anaemia. Due to the absence of visible blood losses and a positive Coombs direct test, the diagnosis of AIHA was established. The patient initially initiated prednisolone with no response. Rituximab had to be introduced. After a few days with this therapy, there was a clinical and analytical improvement.

AIHA must be taken into account as a possible cause of anaemia in patients with IBD. The differential diagnosis between IBD or drug-related (namely vedolizumab) as the cause of the AIHA is complex and almost impossible to establish.
Pan pneumo: an unusual complication following pacemaker implantation
Authors: Kamal Hicham , Faugier Jean Paul , Dognin Nicolas , Barthez Olivier
Published: June 2024

Implantation of cardiac devices is usually considered to be a safe procedure. Rare complications, such as pneumothorax, may occur after the procedure. The association with pneumopericardium or pneumomediastinum is even more uncommon. We present the case of a patient in his 70s, on haemodialysis, admitted for complete atrioventricular block. He underwent implantation of a dual-chamber pacemaker. He presented with chest pain the day after implantation. Chest CT scan revealed a pneumothorax associated with a pneumopericardium and pneumomediastinum ‘pan pneumo’, due to an atrial perforation. We opted for a conservative management strategy. Repeat CT scan of the chest 8 days after the procedure showed a complete resorption of the ‘pan pneumo’. The objective of this case report is to describe this rare complication and provide further insight into its management, particularly in the absence of specific guidelines.
Classifying and quantifying changes in papilloedema using machine learning
Authors: Branco Joseph , Wang Jui-Kai , Elze Tobias , Garvin Mona K , Pasquale Louis R , Kardon Randy , Woods Brian , Szanto David , Kupersmith Mark J
Published: June 2024

Background

Machine learning (ML) can differentiate papilloedema from normal optic discs using fundus photos. Currently, papilloedema severity is assessed using the descriptive, ordinal Frisén scale. We hypothesise that ML can quantify papilloedema and detect a treatment effect on papilloedema due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Methods

We trained a convolutional neural network to assign a Frisén grade to fundus photos taken from the Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Treatment Trial (IIHTT). We applied modified subject-based fivefold cross-validation to grade 2979 longitudinal images from 158 participants’ study eyes (ie, the eye with the worst mean deviation) in the IIHTT. Compared with the human expert-determined grades, we hypothesise that ML-estimated grades can also demonstrate differential changes over time in the IIHTT study eyes between the treatment (acetazolamide (ACZ) plus diet) and placebo (diet only) groups.

Findings

The average ML-determined grade correlated strongly with the reference standard (r=0.76, p<0.001; mean absolute error=0.54). At the presentation, treatment groups had similar expert-determined and ML-determined Frisén grades. The average ML-determined grade for the ACZ group (1.7, 95% CI 1.5 to 1.8) was significantly lower (p=0.0003) than for the placebo group (2.3, 95% CI 2.0 to 2.5) at the 6-month trial outcome.

Interpretation

Supervised ML of fundus photos quantified the degree of papilloedema and changes over time reflecting the effects of ACZ. Given the increasing availability of fundus photography, neurologists will be able to use ML to quantify papilloedema on a continuous scale that incorporates the features of the Frisén grade to monitor interventions.
Between medicine, humanities and the law: compiling a living archive of assisted dying
Authors: Elsner Anna Magdalena , Rampton Vanessa
Published: June 2024

Stories about personal experiences of assisted dying, a term comprising both instances when a lethal substance is administered by a physician or by the patient themselves, are frequently cited in law-making processes. These experiences of healthcare systems and the laws governing end-of-life procedures thereby interactively influence the future of medicine at the deathbed. With more countries legalising some form of assisted dying or opening political debate about the issue, addressing how these personal stories shape public opinions and social institutions is timely. In this current controversy, we question how medical humanities researchers are to make sense of the role of these stories in law-making, and critically reflect on a digital archive that seeks to make these interconnections visible. At the methodological level, the reciprocal interactions in assisted dying between medicine, law and the arts urges us to reconsider the conceptual foundations of interdisciplinary research in the medical humanities.
Dilated TransUNet + +-Based Segmentation with Multi-Scale Adaptive DenseNet with Bi-LSTM Layer-Aided Prostate Cancer Classification Model
Authors: Kurva Thirupathanna , Malini Mudigonda
Published: June 2024

In common, prostate cancer is regarded as the type of cancer, which occurs over the small walnut-shaped gland in men termed as the prostate. In addition to that, the prostate is considered as the most generally identified type of cancer among men. Here, the gland has been aided in the production of seminal fluid that has been utilized for transporting and nourishing the sperm. In order to exclude the existence of cancer in the tissues, prostate biopsy techniques are utilized. Moreover, the mortality rate due to this disease may be low in the last few years, but it is regarded as the leading cause of cancer. In this case, the automated intelligent techniques are helpful for aiding the pathologists in minimizing fatigue and enhancing the routing process. Moreover, there are some limitations in the traditional model, and it is tackled with the help of a new prostate cancer segmentation and classification approach. Firstly, images related to prostate cancer are attained from standard resources and offered as input to lesion segmentation. Here, lesion segmentation is performed with the help of Adaptive Dilated TransUNet[Formula: see text] to get the segmented image features. The parameters of Dilated TransUNet[Formula: see text] are tuned by utilizing a hybrid approach named Position-aided Pelican-Sea Lion Optimization (PPSLO). Then, the segmented images are offered as the input to Region-of-Interest (ROI) cropping, and the ROI cropped image is attained as the output. Further, the ROI cropped image is fed as the input to the prostate cancer classification phase. In this phase, prostate cancer is classified using Multiscale Adaptive DenseNet with Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory (MAD-Bi-LSTM) Layer, in which the parameters in the network are tuned by the developed approach PPSLO. Hence, the developed prostate cancer segmentation and classification model helps for securing an enhanced disease classification rate than other experimental observations.
On flatly generated proper classes of modules
Authors: Durğun Yılmaz
Published: June 2024

There are different mechanisms in the literature to measure how flat a module can be. We study an alternative perspective on the analysis of the flatness of a module, as we assign to every module a class of short exact sequences of modules, namely flatly generated proper classes. We focus on modules that generate flat proper classes, aiming for them to be as small as possible. We refer to such modules as being [Formula: see text]-rugged, as opposed to flat modules. Properties of [Formula: see text]-rugged modules are studied. We study the structure of rings whose certain types of modules are either flat or [Formula: see text]-rugged. Specifically, we prove that if [Formula: see text] is a right Noetherian ring, then every (finitely presented) nonflat right [Formula: see text]-module is [Formula: see text]-rugged if and only if [Formula: see text] has a unique (up to isomorphism) singular simple right [Formula: see text]-module and it is either Artinian serial ring with [Formula: see text] or right finitely [Formula: see text]-CS, right SI ring. If [Formula: see text] is a right perfect ring with nonflat finitely presented simple right [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-rugged if and only if every nonflat right [Formula: see text]-module is [Formula: see text]-rugged if and only if [Formula: see text] has a unique (up to isomorphism) singular simple right [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text] and it is Artinian serial ring with [Formula: see text]. In addition, if [Formula: see text] is commutative and every nonflat [Formula: see text]-module is [Formula: see text]-rugged, then [Formula: see text] is either a von Neumann regular ring or an fp-injective ring.
Finite basis problem for Annular monoids with rotation
Authors: Zhang Wen Ting , Han Bin Bin , Luo Yan Feng
Published: June 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be the involution monoid of Annular monoid [Formula: see text] under the rotation involution [Formula: see text]. The involution monoids [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are easily seen to be finitely based; Auinger et al. proved that [Formula: see text] is inherently non-finitely based if [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we show that [Formula: see text] is finitely based by providing a finite identity basis for [Formula: see text], which answers an open question posed by Auinger et al. Therefore, the involution monoid [Formula: see text] is finitely based if and only if [Formula: see text].
HOTCP: Hybrid Optimal Test Case Prioritisation with Multi-Objective Constraints
Authors: Wagh Mukund Baburao , Puri Vishal V. , Waykar Sanjay B. , Kadu Rajesh
Published: June 2024

As a result of late detection and resource limitations during any software evaluation, there have been several software-related breakdowns or malfunctions. Many people have begun focussing on the test cases or alternatively the priority of validation suites after identifying the difficulties in the regression testing process of any product. The test case prioritisation technique is presented as a solution to this problem. It increases the fault detection rate. Earlier research studies have been implemented many techniques, but the rate of fault detection is not up to the mark. To overcome this drawback, we proposed HOTCP (Hybrid Optimal Test Case Prioritisation with Multi-Objective Constraints) model, which includes two steps: first is test case generation and the next one is test case prioritisation. The test case is generated from the released software. Consequently, test case prioritisation will be done by the optimisation strategy, in which the multi-objective function will be defined based on the constraints like statement coverage, branch coverage, contribution index and fault exposing potential. For this optimisation process, a new algorithm is proposed termed as CCCOA (Customised Coot and Chimp Optimisation Algorithm). The COOT optimisation and Chimp optimisation algorithms are combined in this algorithm. The system produces prioritised test cases, and the performance of the proposed method is validated in comparison to the traditional methods in terms of several metrics.
DeGONet: Decentralized Group-Oriented Interconnection Network for IoT-enabled Metaverse
Authors: Jiang Sining , Cheng Xu , Dai Hong-Ning , Zhao Shuo , Lan Yujun , Xie Haoran , Tao Xiaohui , Guo Zhongwen
Published: June 2024

As a transformative technology across various industries, the metaverse has emerged to connect the physical world with the virtual world. During this process, the Internet of Things (IoT) has played a critical role in achieving effective cyber-physical interaction. However, its prevalent centralized interconnection architectures encounter challenges related to interoperability and data privacy, consequently limiting their full potential in human-to-human interactions. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a novel decentralized group-oriented data interconnection network for IoT systems, abbreviated as DeGONet. We propose a group-based trust management model to facilitate user adaptability in data-sharing practices. Additionally, we present a new interaction paradigm based on smart contracts and oracles. Recognizing the potential latency and scalability limitations of existing blockchain structures in large-scale data integration, we devise a novel blockchain structure called Direct Acyclic Graph Tree (DAG-Tree) and a novel consensus mechanism, Proof-of-Verification. These contributions enhance data security while mitigating the hardware and development costs associated with decentralized systems. Through rigorous performance analysis and comparative experiments, we validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed framework in large-scale data interconnection scenarios.
Exploring Advanced Versions of Hermite‐Hadamard and Trapezoid‐Type Inequalities by Implementation of Fuzzy Interval‐Valued Functions
Authors: Niu Yaqun , Ali Rana Safdar , Talib Naila , Mubeen Shahid , Rahman Gauhar , Yildiz Çetin , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A.
Published: June 2024

The extension of interval‐valued and real‐valued functions known as fuzzy interval‐valued function (FIVF) has made substantial contributions to the theory of interval analysis. In this article, we explore the importance of h‐Godunova‐Levin fuzzy convex and preinvex functions and also develop the new generation of the Hermite‐Hadamard and trapezoid‐type fuzzy fractional integral by the implementation of generalized fuzzy fractional operators having modified version of the Bessel‐Maitland (E1vBMF) function as its kernel. Moreover, we extract some well‐known inequalities from our main results.
Prognostic Value of Novel CARWL Score in Stage IIIC Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Topkan Erkan , Kucuk Ahmet , Ozturk Duriye , Ozkan Emine Elif , Besen Ali Ayberk , Pehlivan Berrin , Selek Ugur
Published: June 2024

Objectives. We explored the prognostic utility of the unique combination of C‐reactive‐protein‐to‐albumin ratio (CAR) and significant weight loss (WL > 5%) over the preceding 6 months, namely, the CARWL score, in stage IIIC non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods. For each patient, the CAR was calculated using C‐reactive protein and albumin measurements obtained on the first day of CCRT: CAR = C‐reactive protein ÷ albumin. The availability of an ideal CAR cutoff that may categorize patients into two distinct progression‐free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes was explored by employing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Patients were additionally divided into two groups based on their status of significant WL according to the well‐recognized Delphi criteria. Then, the CARWL score was created by combining all feasible combinations of the CAR and significant WL groupings. The potential links between pretreatment CARWL groups and the post‐CCRT OS and PFS outcomes were determined as the primary and secondary endpoints. Results. This retrospective cohort study comprised a total of 651 stage IIIC NSCLC patients. ROC curve analysis indicated that rounded 3.0 was the ideal CAR cutoff (area under the curve (AUC): 70.1%; sensitivity: 67.8%; specificity: 65.9%), which categorized the patients into CAR < 3.0 (N = 324) and CAR ≥ 3.0 (N = 327) groups. There were 308 (47.3%) and 343 (52.7%) patients without and with significant WL, respectively. The created CARWL groups were CARWL‐0: CAR < 3.0 and WL ≤ 5.0%; CARWL‐1: CAR < 3.0 and WL > 5.0%, or CAR ≥ 3.0 and WL ≤ 5.0%; and CARWL‐2: CAR > 3.0 and WL > 5.0%. The Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the PFS (14.2 vs. 11.4 vs. 7.5 months; P < 0.001) and OS (37.3 vs. 23.6 vs. 12.8 months; P < 0.001) durations were gradually and significantly lowered from the CARWL‐0 to CARWL‐2 groups. The CARWL score’s significant impacts on PFS and OS outcomes were found to be independent of the other variables in the multivariate analysis (P < 0.001, for each). Conclusions. Our findings indicate that the novel CARWL score, which accounts for pretreatment CAR and significant WL during the preceding 6 months, can reliably stratify newly diagnosed stage IIIC NSCLC patients into three groups with significantly different PFS and OS after definitive CCRT.
Exploring the Scientific Literature Between Ultraprocessed Foods and Cancer: A Scientometric Mapping
Authors: Espinoza-Carhuancho Fran , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Mauricio-Vilchez Cesar , Medina Julia , Vilchez Luzmila , Quispe-Tasayco Lucia , Mayta-Tovalino Frank
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of the study is to explore the scientific literature between ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) and cancer using a scientometric mapping.

Materials and Methods: A Scopus search was conducted on February 4, 2024, limited to papers published between 2018 and 2023. We found 662 articles, 189 reviews, 68 book chapters, 13 conference papers, and 9 notes. The whole analysis included the evaluation of scholarly output by country/region, the number of scholarly papers produced (scholarly output), the number of views (view count), the field‐weighted citation impact (FWCI).

Results: In the analysis conducted for the period 2018–2023, a dataset was examined where the annual growth rate was 5.96%, indicating a sustained expansion of the literature. The average number of citations per paper was 18.56, underlining the impact and relevance of the publications. Sixty‐six single‐authored papers were identified, and international collaborations accounted for 27.23% of the collaborative efforts. The most prominent authors were Inge Huybrechts, Marc J.R. Gunter, and Edward Luciano Giovannucci. In terms of impact and visibility, Harvard University leads with 52 contributions and a field‐weighted impact of 3.39.

Conclusions: The literature in the field of UPFs and cancer has experienced a sustained expansion. The scientometric indicators reveal a high activity of recent academic contributions with significant impact.
Anxiety, Depression, Social Support, Needs, and Concerns of Frontline Nurses during COVID‐19 Peak Infection Period: A Cross‐Sectional Multicenter Study
Authors: Zhang Liuyi , Zhang Kemei , Tong Li , Guo Yafen , Shen Jinhua , Zhang Xue-qing , Yang Pan
Published: June 2024

Background. The worldwide pandemic of COVID‐19 had put enormous pressure on frontline healthcare workers. In December 2022, China released its “10 new measures,” signaling the end of the “dynamic zero COVID‐19 strategy.” This triggered a period of peak infection, which shocked China’s healthcare system and affected the mental health of nurses. Objective. To explore the anxiety, depression, and social support levels of frontline nurses during the peak period of COVID‐19 infection and to identify the main needs and concerns of nurses during this period. Design. A multicenter cross‐sectional study. Settings. 18 hospitals of different grades in three cities in Hunan Province from December 21, 2022, to January 10, 2023, the peak period of COVID‐19 infection. Participants. A total of 4,160 nurses completed the survey. Methods. The questionnaire included general information, symptoms, the preparation for nurses, GAD‐7, PHQ‐9, PSSS, and two open‐ended questions investigating nurses’ needs and concerns. General linear models were used to analyze the factors influencing anxiety. Hospital preparation for nurses, nurses’ needs, and nurses’ concerns were categorized and subjected to frequency counts. Results. The median (P25, P75) scores for anxiety and depression among nurses were 7.00 (3, 12) and 8 (3, 12), respectively. Type of hospital, professional title, family structure, isolation staff lounge preparation, ibuprofen preparation, health status of parents, fever, chest distress, dyspnea, cough, insufficient protective equipment, number of children, and PSSS others were the influencing factors of GAD grades. The top 3 needs were free drugs and treatments (78.71%), shift breaks and paid leave (77.66%), and understanding and supports from hospitals and families (75.99%). The first three concerns were the fear of spreading the disease to family members (83.89%), the after‐effects of infection (65.67%), and cross‐infection with colleagues and patients (61.70%). Conclusions. Nurses’ anxiety was more severe during peak infection period. Overloaded work schedules and insufficient sleep became a common situation. Worries about family members became the main concern of nurses. Managers should make contingency plans for public health emergencies and provide frontline nurses with protective equipment, stress‐relieving measures, and a rotation system. More importantly, they should pay attention to the needs of nurses’ family members and provide medical and care support. The media should also explain how hospitals operate and carry out their duties during these extraordinary times in order for the public to comprehend the condition of frontline epidemic fighters.
Research on User Pairing and Power Allocation in Multiuser CRN‐NOMA Networks Based on Reinforcement Learning
Authors: He Xiaoli , Song Yu , Li Hongwei
Published: June 2024

This paper studies the challenge of efficient resource allocation in wireless networks by investigating the potential benefits of cognitive radio networks (CRN) and non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to explore user pairing and power allocation in a multiuser cooperative CRN‐NOMA network. To achieve the goal, a novel user pairing algorithm with reinforcement learning (RL) is proposed to adaptively select the optimal group for pairing according to the factors such as channel gain, distances, and angles. A user group is consisted of a primary user (PU) and up to three secondary users (SUs). The key findings of this paper highlight the effectiveness of RL in optimizing power allocation while considering various constraints. As a result, significant improvements in network throughput and user fairness are achieved. Compared with the classical power allocation algorithms (i.e., equal power allocation, proportional power allocation, iterative power allocation, and iterative water‐filling power allocation), the proposed power allocation based on RL algorithm and iterative water‐filling power allocation algorithm have better performance in terms of throughput, fairness, spectrum efficiency, and energy efficiency. In addition, compared with the iterative water‐filling power algorithm, the proposed algorithm improves the throughput by 31.71% and obtains twice the spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. The simulation results consistently show that the proposed method has advantages in enhancing PU capacity. Further advancements in this field of research are encouraged based on the promising outcomes of this study.
Suitability of Almond Bagasse Powder as a Wheat Flour Substitute in Biscuit Formulation
Authors: Duarte S. , Harasym J. , Sánchez-García J. , Kelaidi M. , Betoret E. , Betoret N.
Published: June 2024

Almond bagasse, a by‐product derived from the production of almond vegetable drink, contains antioxidants, fibre, protein, and a high‐fat content, presenting itself as a potential functional ingredient for the food industry. This study aimed to assess the powder derived from almond bagasse as a suitable alternative in the formulation of bakery goods. Various formulations substituting wheat flour with almond bagasse powder, obtained by air drying or freeze‐drying at 10%, 15%, and 25%, were analysed in terms of technological and rheological properties. Furthermore, the physical and antioxidant attributes of biscuits with superior nutritional and functional values produced using these blends were examined. The results revealed significant changes in oil retention capacity, stability, and emulsifying activity, influenced by both the level of wheat flour replacement and the drying method used to obtain the almond bagasse powder. The most significant changes were observed in the emulsifying activity, which was zero in the wheat flour and showed values of 20% in the hot air‐dried almond bagasse powder and 59% in that obtained by freeze‐drying. In the blends, the values of this variable ranged from 1.8% to 7.1%. The highest value was obtained with a 25% replacement of wheat flour by freeze‐dried almond powder. On the other hand, the lack of starch and the high concentration of fat (around 25%) and insoluble fibre (higher than 20%) in the almond bagasse powder determined the viscoelastic behaviour of the hydrated blends. As the percentage of substitution with the almond bagasse powder increased, the final viscosity decreased, being reduced from 2302 MPa·s in the wheat flour to 873 MPa·s in the blend containing 25% hot air‐dried almond powder. It is worth noting that, the use of these blends for biscuit preparation resulted in a final product with a higher content of antioxidant components. The highest increase in antiradical capacity was 33% and was observed in the biscuits obtained with the mixture containing 25% hot air‐dried almond powder.
First Principle Study of Structural, Electronic, Optical, and Thermodynamic Properties of Scandium‐Doped Zirconia (Zr1−xScxO2, x = 0.125)
Authors: Eressa Lemessa Asefa , Gerbi Zeleke Deressa
Published: June 2024

The effect of scandium doping on the structural, electronic, optical, and thermodynamic properties of scandium‐doped zirconia (Zr0.875Sc0.125 O1.9375) was investigated by first‐principles calculations. The results of electronic property calculation show that the incorporation of scandium (Sc3+) in ZrO2 has reduced its bandgap due to the formation of scandium 3d states in the conduction band. The analysis of optical properties shows that scandium doping in ZrO2 improves the real (ε1) and imaginary dielectric functions (ε2), extinction coefficient (k), refractive index (n), reflectivity (R), and absorption coefficient (α) properties thereby enhancing its photocatalytic and optical activities. The heat capacities of ZrO2 and Sc‐ZrO2 calculated at temperature of 800 K are 74.27 and 77.98 J/K/Nmol, respectively. The result of thermodynamic properties calculations show that doping scandium in zirconia enhances its entropy and specific heat capacity thereby allowing it to be thermodynamically stable for a wide range of electronic applications.
TABLE 2 from Association of ESR1 Germline Variants with TP53 Somatic Variants in Breast Tumors in a Genome-wide Study
Authors: Tjader Nijole P. , Beer Abigail J. , Ramroop Johnny , Tai Mei-Chee , Ping Jie , Gandhi Tanish , Dauch Cara , Neuhausen Susan L. , Ziv Elad , Sotelo Nereida , Ghanekar Shreya , Meadows Owen , Paredes Monica , Gillespie Jessica L. , Aeilts Amber M. , Hampel Heather , Zheng Wei , Jia Guochong , Hu Qiang , Wei Lei , Liu Song , Ambrosone Christine B. , Palmer Julie R. , Carpten John D. , Yao Song , Stevens Patrick , Ho Weang-Kee , Pan Jia Wern , Fadda Paolo , Huo Dezheng , Teo Soo-Hwang , McElroy Joseph Paul , Toland Amanda E.
Published: June 2024

ESR1 locus variants and TP53 mutation associations
Supplementary File 1: Supplemental Table References from Association of ESR1 Germline Variants with TP53 Somatic Variants in Breast Tumors in a Genome-wide Study
Authors: Tjader Nijole P. , Beer Abigail J. , Ramroop Johnny , Tai Mei-Chee , Ping Jie , Gandhi Tanish , Dauch Cara , Neuhausen Susan L. , Ziv Elad , Sotelo Nereida , Ghanekar Shreya , Meadows Owen , Paredes Monica , Gillespie Jessica L. , Aeilts Amber M. , Hampel Heather , Zheng Wei , Jia Guochong , Hu Qiang , Wei Lei , Liu Song , Ambrosone Christine B. , Palmer Julie R. , Carpten John D. , Yao Song , Stevens Patrick , Ho Weang-Kee , Pan Jia Wern , Fadda Paolo , Huo Dezheng , Teo Soo-Hwang , McElroy Joseph Paul , Toland Amanda E.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Information: References for Supplemental Table S5
Supplemental Tables S1-S35 from Association of ESR1 Germline Variants with TP53 Somatic Variants in Breast Tumors in a Genome-wide Study
Authors: Tjader Nijole P. , Beer Abigail J. , Ramroop Johnny , Tai Mei-Chee , Ping Jie , Gandhi Tanish , Dauch Cara , Neuhausen Susan L. , Ziv Elad , Sotelo Nereida , Ghanekar Shreya , Meadows Owen , Paredes Monica , Gillespie Jessica L. , Aeilts Amber M. , Hampel Heather , Zheng Wei , Jia Guochong , Hu Qiang , Wei Lei , Liu Song , Ambrosone Christine B. , Palmer Julie R. , Carpten John D. , Yao Song , Stevens Patrick , Ho Weang-Kee , Pan Jia Wern , Fadda Paolo , Huo Dezheng , Teo Soo-Hwang , McElroy Joseph Paul , Toland Amanda E.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Tables S1-S35
FIGURE 1 from Association of ESR1 Germline Variants with TP53 Somatic Variants in Breast Tumors in a Genome-wide Study
Authors: Tjader Nijole P. , Beer Abigail J. , Ramroop Johnny , Tai Mei-Chee , Ping Jie , Gandhi Tanish , Dauch Cara , Neuhausen Susan L. , Ziv Elad , Sotelo Nereida , Ghanekar Shreya , Meadows Owen , Paredes Monica , Gillespie Jessica L. , Aeilts Amber M. , Hampel Heather , Zheng Wei , Jia Guochong , Hu Qiang , Wei Lei , Liu Song , Ambrosone Christine B. , Palmer Julie R. , Carpten John D. , Yao Song , Stevens Patrick , Ho Weang-Kee , Pan Jia Wern , Fadda Paolo , Huo Dezheng , Teo Soo-Hwang , McElroy Joseph Paul , Toland Amanda E.
Published: June 2024

Variant selection for validation studies. Flow chart for variant prioritization for validation studies is shown for TP53 mutation associations (A) and PIK3CA mutation associations (B). Variants were first filtered by P values, MAF, and location near relevant GWAS loci. Variants were then filtered by ORs, location relative to gene with role in breast cancer, TP53 or PI3K/AKT pathway and then by RegulomeDB score. Variants are only counted once but may fall within one or more categories.
Maria Quitéria de Jesus: história e cinema
Authors: Vesentini Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2024

The author examined the biography of Maria Quitéria in order to write the script for a historical film. From this angle he tries to analyse the conception of history transmitted by the character.
The role and structure of the Brazilian imperial nobility in society and politcs
Authors: Jarnagin Laura
Published: June 2024

Neste trabalho, apresentado em 1977 na Vanderbilt University (Nashvillc, Tennessee, USA), para obtenção do título de Master of Arts em estudos latino-americanos, a autora estuda o papel da nobreza imperial brasileira na política e na sociedade.