bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foundation models for cardiovascular disease detection via biosignals from digital stethoscopes
Authors: Mathew George , Barbosa Daniel , Prince John , Venkatraman Subramaniam
Published: October 2024

Auscultation of the heart and the electrocardiogram (ECG) are two central components of the cardiac exam. Recent innovations of the stethoscope have enabled the simultaneous acquisition of a high-quality digital acoustic signal and ECG. We present foundation models trained on phonocardiogram (PCG) and ECG data collected from digital stethoscopes during routine clinical practice. We show that these foundation models that are pre-trained on large unlabeled datasets in a self-supervised manner can be fine-tuned for a variety of cardiovascular disease detection tasks. This is the first study that builds foundation models specifically for synchronously captured PCG and ECG data. Our approach is based on the recently developed masked autoencoder framework which we extend to handle multiple signals that are synchronously captured. This paradigm makes it possible to use large capacity models leading to superior performance even though the size of datasets with medical label annotations may be limited.
Application of a metabolomics method in the study of pear fruit storage
Authors: Liu Jing , Meng Zixuan , Liu Baoru , Wang Jing , Zhang Haichao , Ai Lianfeng , Guan Junfeng , Niu Lingmei
Published: October 2024

The entire transportation process of ‘crown’ pears from harvest to consumption is primarily refrigerated.
The transformation of lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) with Fe(ii)(aq) in slightly acidic media: intermediate pathways and biomimetic behavior
Authors: Gomez Mario Alberto , Chen Yiwen , Song Miao , Li Dongsheng , Lea Alan Scott , Yao Shuhua , Duan Yihang , Jia Yongfeng , Cai Yige , Xiao Tangfu
Published: October 2024

Lepidocrocite catalysis with Fe(ii)(aq) was found to produce Christmas tree particles formed via a bacterial-like mechanism guided by inorganic nanowire antennas through an electron transparent film.
Synthesis of colloidal Pd nanoparticles immobilised on poly(N-vinylacetamide): characterisation and application in catalysis
Authors: Tabaru Kazuki , Okada Kanji , Nagata Tatsuki , Suzuki Takeyuki , Sogawa Hiromitsu , Sanda Fumio , Watanabe Takeshi , Obora Yasuhi
Published: October 2024

This work demonstrates immobilisation of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on a vinyl polymer bearing amide side chains to give a Pd NPs-immobilised poly(N-vinylacetamide).
Efficient photodegradation of carbamazepine by organocatalysts incorporating a third component with a more complementary absorption spectrum
Authors: Long Min , Huang Ciyuan , Huang Xiao , Yang Linji , Chen Liangsheng , Sun Ke , Wang Caiyun , Zhang Liying , Zhang Libin , Cai Songlin , Yao Shangfei , Zhu Hongxiang , Yang Tao , Zou Bingsuo , Liu Tao
Published: October 2024

Carbamazepine, recognized as one of the most prevalent pharmaceuticals, has attracted considerable attention due to its potential impact on ecosystems and human health.
From silicon to silica: a green chemistry approach for hollow sphere nanoparticle formation
Authors: Johnsen Hennie Marie , Pokle Anuj , Filtvedt Werner , Hiorth Marianne , Klaveness Jo , Sjåstad Anja Olafsen
Published: October 2024

Herein we report on an environmentally friendly and scalable production route for hollow silica spheres (HSSs).
Femtosecond laser direct writing Bombyx mori sericin-based nanocomposites into intrinsically soft wearable micro-/nano-electronics
Authors: Liang Qi , Xu Qian , Yang Gongwen , Xu Yanting , Huang Hanxuan , Hou Zhishan , Shao Zhengzhong , Wang Ming , Sun Yun-Lu
Published: October 2024

Here, we fabricated intrinsically flexible and soft wearable micro/nano-electronics for distinguishing human-body movements, based on femtosecond-laser-induced photoreduction of metal ions into nanoparticles by sericin and their nano-compositing.
Vinylene-linked fully conjugated porous organic polymers based on difluoroboron β-diketonate complexes for green and efficient photocatalysis
Authors: Xu Wenshuo , Zhao Zehao , Liu Yiqiong , Yang Dongxin , Gong Weitao
Published: October 2024

Two distinct vinylene-linked fully conjugated POPs were achieved by reacting difluoroboron β-diketonate complexes with reactive methyl groups and a carbazole-bearing aldehyde.
A covalent organic polymer containing dative B ← N bonds: synthesis, single crystal structure, and physical properties
Authors: Wu Jinghang , Liu Jiahe , Rao Limei , Long Yunchen , Gu Qianfeng , Wang Xin , Zhang Lei , Kang Fangyuan , Jiang Lang , Lei Dangyuan , Zhang Qichun
Published: October 2024

A covalent organic polymer (COP) single crystal (CityU-30) based on dative B ← N bond was prepared. CityU-30 exhibits a pronounced photothermal effect.
Colloidal fluorine-doped ZnO quantum dots: the synergistic action of atomic doping and growth conditions directs fluorescence and photoactivity
Authors: Gallucci Noemi , Cangiano Alessandro , Russo Simone , Pota Giulio , Di Girolamo Rocco , Martinez Eugénie , Vaxelaire Nicolas , Paduano Luigi , Vitiello Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

F/ZnO-QDs of R ∼ 3 nm and relative quantum yield of 22% are obtained via wet-precipitation at 5 at% nominal F content. F/ZnO-NCs of R ∼ 30 nm, high surface defects and photoactivity are obtained via the solvothermal route at 5 at% nominal F content.
Triphenylamine-functionalized aza-BODIPY dyes: synthesis, characterization, and their application as hole transport materials in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Su Junjun , Zhu Li , Dong Zixuan , Liu Mengqi , Zhang Fei , Li Xianggao , Wang Shirong , Chen Zhijian
Published: October 2024

Triphenylamine-functionalized NIR-absorbing aza-BODIPY dyes 1–3 were synthesized and their properties were investigated in detail. A PCE of 18.12% was achieved for the PSCs employing dye 1 as the dopant-free hole transporting material.
MR-TADF liquid crystals: towards self assembling host–guest mixtures showing narrowband emission from the mesophase
Authors: Knöller Julius A. , Müller Franziska , Matulaitis Tomas , dos Santos John M. , Gupta Abhishek Kumar , Zysman-Colman Eli , Laschat Sabine
Published: October 2024

We developed a MR-TADF based, columnar liquid crystalline host system and doped it with a MR-TADF guest. Efficient FRET allowed us to construct the first columnar liquid crystal with narrowband MR-TADF from the strongly aggregated mesophase.
Three-dimensional structural alignment based discovery and molecular basis of AtoB, catalyzing linear tetracyclic formation
Authors: Ma Ke , Liu Jie , Huang Zequan , Wu Mengyue , Liu Dong , Ren Jinwei , Fan Aili , Lin Wenhan
Published: October 2024

Enzymes from the nuclear transport factor 2-like (NTF2-like) superfamily represent a rare group of biocatalysts with diverse catalytic functions facilitating intriguing skeleton formations.
Dynamic organic crystals as exceptionally efficient artificial natural light-harvesting actuators
Authors: Zhu Jiaxuan , Wu Wenbo , Qi Haoqiang , Yao Yutong , Yu Hui , Huang Xin , Wang Na , Wang Ting , Hao Hongxun
Published: October 2024

We compared the output force density and work density of Form I and Form II. The photoinduced bending of Form I under sunlight exhibited excellent actuation performance, surpassing some thermal actuators.
Hydrothermal synthesis of ZnZrOx catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol: the effect of pH on structure and activity
Authors: Rakngam Issaraporn , Alves Gustavo A. S. , Osakoo Nattawut , Wittayakun Jatuporn , Konegger Thomas , Föttinger Karin
Published: October 2024

With the growing necessity of achieving carbon neutrality in the industrial sector, the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide into methanol has been widely considered one of the key strategies for the utilization of captured CO2.
Efficient preparation of high-toughness ionic conductors using in situ microphase-separation
Authors: Hanyu Zhao , Ying Jia , Xiaochun Wang , Xinkang Sha , Jiali Zhao , Junhao Cheng , Guangxue Chen , Minghui He
Published: October 2024

A simple one pot method is developed to construct in situ microphase separation structures in polymer networks of dry ion conductors, resulting in significant improvements in material mechanical properties.
Ultra-stable and poison tolerant oxygen evolution activity enabled by surface In2O3−x(OH)y of Co3In2S2 large single crystals
Authors: Sheelam Anjaiah , Whitten Ariel , Moore Carrington Gates , Engelhard Mark , McEwen Jean-Sabin , Bell Jeffrey G.
Published: October 2024

Single crystals of Co3In2S2 transform to the In2O3−x(OH)y phase during the oxygen evolution reaction. The poisoning ligands can coordinate to the Co-sites but could not arrest the oxygen evolution activity.
High performance all-polymer solar cells enabled with solvent and solid dual additives
Authors: Abbasi Misbah Sehar , Li Congqi , Gao Jinhua , Wang Siying , Wang Sixuan , Lin Qijie , Xie Gening , Khan Saqib Nawaz , Zhang Jianqi , Zhang Xin , Cai Yunhao , Huang Hui
Published: October 2024

A novel dual-additive strategy utilizing both solvent and solid additives was used to refine the active-layer morphology in all-polymer solar cells.
Silicon-based peripheral steric donor modifications for a high-efficiency multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter
Authors: Yuan Hai-Tian , Yang Yue-Jian , Yu Zhe-Hong , Zheng Qi , Yan Hong-Yan , Wang Yu , Zhou Dong-Ying , Liao Liang-Sheng , Jiang Zuo-Quan
Published: October 2024

Multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters have broad applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
The Use of Pharyngeal High-Resolution (Impedance) Manometry in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: A Scoping Review
Authors: Neijman Marise , van Mierden Stevie , Karakullukcu M. Baris , Hilgers Frans J. M. , van den Brekel Michiel W. M. , van der Molen Lisette
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

This scoping review aims to summarize and explore current literature on the usefulness and clinical implications of pharyngeal high-resolution (impedance) manometry (HRM/HRIM) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.

Method:

Three online databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and additionally Google Scholar) were searched until December 2023. Studies using pharyngeal HRM/HRIM to assess swallowing or voicing in HNC patients, written in any language and published in peer-reviewed journals, were considered eligible. Quality check was performed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Healthcare Practice Project. Information about the study population and HRM/HRIM data (equipment, protocol, analysis, and outcomes) were extracted.

Results:

Eight papers met the inclusion criteria, six utilizing HRM and two HRIM. The study design consisted of case-series (five) and case–control (three). The quality assessment indicated a weak global rating for seven papers and a moderate rating for one for the remaining study. Findings suggest that HNC patients with dysphagia suffer from reduced pressures in the pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter compared to healthy individuals, potentially influenced by tumor characteristics and treatment. Decreased pressures may indicate poor functioning of swallowing musculature and mechanism.

Conclusions:

Pharyngeal HRM/HRIM is sparsely used for swallowing assessment in HNC patients. However, wider use seems warranted, as it can offer valuable insights into swallowing biomechanics. This can help quantifying the degree and timing of pressures involved in swallowing (problems) and holds potential for clinical applications, such as earlier diagnosis of radiation-induced therapy or surgery complications. Additionally, it can be beneficial in evaluating therapeutic swallowing strategies.
A First-Person Account of Caring for a Parent With Dysphagia
Authors: Ramkishun Amanda , Faur Madeleine , Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

Research has shown that caregiver burden is compounded by dysphagia experienced by the care recipient. However, little is known about the caregiver perception of the caregiving experience, highlighting both the positive and negative experiences. As such, the purpose of this clinical focus article was to provide a first-person account of an adult caregiver of an aging parent with dysphagia and relate their experiences to current literature to inform clinical practice.

Method:

The caregiver provided a detailed account of her experiences caring for her father with dysphagia. Her account was analyzed to identify recurring themes in the literature regarding the caregiving experience and to identify gaps in dysphagia-related caregiver support. The caregiver's story is organized into seven main sections: (a) life before dysphagia, (b) dysphagia onset and diagnosis, (c) dysphagia management and support, (d) community support, (e) impact on family relationships, (f) social and emotional health, and (g) current perspectives on the caregiving experience.

Conclusions:

The challenges associated with caregiving clearly impact the caregiver's overall well-being, but she received abundant support from her family, community-based speech-language pathologist, and caregiver support groups. The caregiver's experiences, while not applicable to every caregiver caring for a loved one with dysphagia, can offer valuable insights to clinicians and other caregivers facing similar situations.
Hearing Impairment: Reduced Pupil Dilation Response and Frontal Activation During Degraded Speech Perception
Authors: Zekveld Adriana A. , Kramer Sophia E. , Heslenfeld Dirk J. , Versfeld Niek J. , Vriend Chris
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

A relevant aspect of listening is the effort required during speech processing, which can be assessed by pupillometry. Here, we assessed the pupil dilation response of normal-hearing (NH) and hard of hearing (HH) individuals during listening to clear sentences and masked or degraded sentences. We combined this assessment with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of the pupil dilation response.

Method:

Seventeen NH participants (
M
age
= 46 years) were compared to 17 HH participants (
M
age
= 45 years) who were individually matched in age and educational level. Participants repeated sentences that were presented clearly, that were distorted, or that were masked. The sentence intelligibility level of masked and distorted sentences was 50% correct. Silent baseline trials were presented as well. Performance measures, pupil dilation responses, and fMRI data were acquired.

Results:

HH individuals had overall poorer speech reception than the NH participants, but not for noise-vocoded speech. In addition, an interaction effect was observed with smaller pupil dilation responses in HH than in NH listeners for the degraded speech conditions. Hearing impairment was associated with higher activation across conditions in the left superior temporal gyrus, as compared to the silent baseline. However, the region of interest analysis indicated lower activation during degraded speech relative to clear speech in bilateral frontal regions and the insular cortex, for HH compared to NH listeners. Hearing impairment was also associated with a weaker relation between the pupil response and activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus. Overall, degraded speech evoked higher frontal activation than clear speech.

Conclusion:

Brain areas associated with attentional and cognitive-control processes may be increasingly recruited when speech is degraded and are related to the pupil dilation response, but this relationship is weaker in HH listeners.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27162135
Imitation of Multisyllabic Items by Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Evidence for Word-Level Atypical Speech Envelope and Pitch Contours
Authors: Parvez Lyla , Keshavarzi Mahmoud , Richards Susan , Di Liberto Giovanni M. , Goswami Usha
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

Developmental language disorder (DLD) is a multifaceted disorder. Recently, interest has grown in prosodic aspects of DLD, but most investigations of possible prosodic causes focus on speech perception tasks. Here, we focus on speech production from a speech amplitude envelope (AE) perspective. Perceptual studies have indicated a role for difficulties in AE processing in DLD related to sensory/neural processing of prosody. We explore possible matching AE difficulties in production.

Method:

Fifty-seven children with and without DLD completed a computerized imitation task, copying aloud 30 familiar targets such as “alligator.” Children with DLD (
n
= 20) were compared with typically developing children (age-matched controls [AMC],
n
= 21) and younger language controls (YLC,
n
= 16). Similarity of the child's productions to the target in terms of the continuous AE and pitch contour was computed using two similarity metrics, correlation, and mutual information. Both the speech AE and the pitch contour contain important information about stress patterning and intonational information over time.

Results:

Children with DLD showed significantly reduced imitation for both the AE and pitch contour metrics compared to AMC children. The opportunity to repeat the targets had no impact on performance for any group. Word length effects were similar across groups.

Conclusions:

The spoken production of multisyllabic words by children with DLD is atypical regarding both the AE and the pitch contour. This is consistent with a theoretical explanation of DLD based on impaired sensory/neural processing of low-frequency (slow) amplitude and frequency modulations, as predicted by the temporal sampling theory.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27165690
A new forward‐flyback converter without right half plane zero
Authors: Ahmadi Sayed Mohsen , Abjadi Navid Reza , Mirmoghtadaei Sayed Vahid , Adib Ehsan
Published: October 2024

Due to its unique features, the flyback converter is widely used to convert DC to DC power. This converter has a non‐minimum phase (NMP) dynamic behavior, which is one of its most significant disadvantages. By changing the topology of the flyback converter to a forward‐flyback (FF) converter, the dynamic behavior of the converter can be minimum phase (MP) while the main advantages of the flyback converter such as isolation of the output from the input and simple topology are maintained. This article proposes an innovative FF converter topology by doubling the forward path and adding only one diode and one capacitor. In addition to better dynamic behavior, the proposed double FF (DFF) converter has the same advantages as the conventional FF converter. A new method is used to obtain the transfer function of the output voltage to the duty cycle of the proposed converter. The converter is designed in continuous conduction mode (CCM) with minimum phase dynamics. Finally, simulation and experimental results of both conventional FF and the proposed DFF converters are obtained and compared to validate the superiority of the proposed converter.
Generalised performance of neural network controllers for feedforward active noise control of nonlinear systems
Authors: Pike Xander , Cheer Jordan
Published: October 2024

Advances in digital technologies have allowed for the development of complex active noise and vibration control solutions that have been utilised in a wide range of applications. Such control systems are commonly designed using linear filters, which cannot fully capture the dynamics of nonlinear systems. To overcome such issues, it has been shown that replacing linear controllers with Neural Networks (NNs) can improve control performance in the presence of nonlinearities. Many real systems are subject to non-stationary disturbances where the magnitude of the system excitation time dependent. However, within the literature, the performance of single NN controllers across different excitation levels has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, a method of training Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs) for single-input-single-output (SISO) feedforward acoustic noise control is presented. In a simple time-discrete simulation, the performance of the trained NNs is investigated for different excitation levels. The effects of the properties of the training data and NN controller on generalised performance are explored. It is demonstrated that the generalised control performance of the MLP controllers falls as the range of magnitudes included in the training data is increased, and that this performance can be recovered by increasing the number of hidden nodes within the controller.
Is the depolarization ratio a global characteristic of mineral dust particles? Review on existing multiwavelength lidar measurements
Authors: Haarig Moritz , Floutsi Athena A. , Hofer Julian , Ansmann Albert
Published: October 2024

Multi-wavelength lidar measurements of the particle linear depolarization ratio of mineral dust layers at various locations around the Earth are presented from a comprehensive literature review. The values at a wavelength of 532 nm as well as the spectral slope of the depolarization ratio exhibits no significant difference between the Sahara, Arabia and Central Asia. The main difference was observed between freshly emitted and transported dust. Fresh dust has a higher depolarization ratio probably due to a higher amount of large dust particles. The depolarization ratio tends to decrease during transport time. This effect is strongest at 1064 nm and almost not present at 355 nm.
Dust optical properties observed by high-spectral-resolution lidar in western Japan
Authors: Jin Yoshitaka , Nishizawa Tomoaki , Yumimoto Keiya , Hara Yukari
Published: October 2024

Optical properties of dust and other aerosols were studied with a high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) at 532 nm wavelength at Kyushu University, western Japan. We developed an HSRL system operatable with an intermittent observation protocol of Asian dust and aerosol lidar observation network (AD-Net). Near infrared seeder laser was converted to visible wavelength and was regularly tuned to the centre of an iodine absorption line. An example of continuous observation of aerosol lidar ratio and depolarization ratio in April 2023 indicated that pure dust with high depolarization ratio was transported at altitudes above 2 km and most of dust below 2 km was mixed with sea salt and/or air pollution particles.
Using trace metals to quantify long-range transported Saharan dust in Houston, Texas
Authors: Chellam Shankar
Published: October 2024

Every year, trade winds periodically transport Saharan-Sahelian dust westwards across the Atlantic Ocean towards North America during the months of May-September. These intercontinental events episodically increase airborne particulate matter (PM) concentrations in parts of Texas potentially endangering public health and compliance with National Ambient Air Quality Standards. This article reviews unique methods we developed to identify and quantify African dust episodes when superposed on industrial emissions in Houston, Texas. We measured ~50 elements in PM2.5 and PM10 including trace metals and used them as inputs to a receptor model. This approach accurately tracked foreign-born aeolian aerosols demonstrating the validity of our procedure, which uses rare earth elements and transition metals to discriminate local and distal sources of dust. Our procedures can be directly extended to discriminate and quantify Asian dust mixed with anthropogenic PM in population centres without loss of generality if unique geochemical signatures for source and sink regions can be established.
Study and assessment of mineralogical, chemical and granulometric composition of volatile soil-sand aerosols from the dried-out part of the Aral Sea
Authors: Kuldasheva Shakhnoza , Aziza Abdikamalova , Kulmatov Rashid , Karimova Gulirano , Dauletbayeva Raushana , Nortojiyeva Gulbahor , Reymov Akhmed
Published: October 2024

This article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the chemical composition, structural characteristics, and porous structures of soil and sand in the dried-out part of the Aral Sea. Chemical analysis of soil samples revealed a high content of basic elements, such as oxides of silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, and magnesium, which affect chemical activity and interaction with the environment. The structural characteristics of the samples taken in the dried part of the Aral Sea made it possible to evaluate their ability to adsorb and interact with water and other substances. The study of soil’s adsorption and porosity characteristics has revealed its ability to retain moisture and other important components in the porous structures. The results obtained allow us to better understand the mechanisms of interaction of soil and sand with water. Data can serve as a basis for developing effective and sustainable water management practices and optimizing the use of soil materials.
Influence of long-range transported Asian dust on cirrus cloud formation over central Pacific
Authors: He Yun , Shen Huijia , Yin Zhenping
Published: October 2024

Cirrus clouds play a vital role in regulating the global radiative balance and climate, with their net radiative forcing determined by microphysical properties, which are strongly related to the ice-nucleating mechanisms, i.e., heterogeneous or homogeneous nucleation. However, there are lack of direct observational cases regarding the influence of long-range transport of Asian dust on primary ice formation in cirrus over the Pacific. Here we report on two such dust-cirrus interaction cases over the central Pacific with the combined observations of space-borne Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR). Both cases show good agreement (within an order of magnitude) of in-cloud ICNC and nearby dust-related INP concentration (INPC) values, indicating that dust-induced heterogeneous nucleation is dominated in ice formation. This study shows that the natural supply of effective INPs to the upper troposphere can modulate the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds by acting as INPs and further influence on global climate. This information is useful for parameterizing ice formation in climate models.
Physiological responses to wearing N95 face mask against dust: HRV study with local youngster males in Aral Sea region
Authors: Erkudov Valerii , Pugovkin Andrey , Rozumbetov Kenjabek , Matchanov Azat , Nisanova Simbat , Kaipova Shirin , Esemuratova Sanobar , Koriyev Mirzohid , Rahimov Abror
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV) parameters after long-term wearing of N95 respirators in subjects living at various distances from the epicentre of the Aral Sea environmental disaster. The study included 1100 male volunteers, which were divided into «North» group (unfavourable environment) and «South» group (favorable environment). The 5-minute HRV recordings were made using «BioMouse Complex» without a mask (State 1) and after wearing a N95 respirator and performed the necessary work for 30-40 minutes (State 2). SDNN, pNN50, HF, LF/HF and Baevsky’s Stress Index (SI) was statistically compared in State 1 and State 2. A significant increase was found in RMSSD, SDNN, pNN50%, HF in State 2 in subjects from the «North» and «South» groups. SI and LF/HF ratio increased after N95 wearing in youth from the and «North» group and decreased in volunteers from the «South» group. The prevalence of distribution of subjects having SI more 150 conv. units in State 2 in the «North» group was higher than in the «South» group. Vegetative tone reactivity to wearing N95 respirators was observed in residents from «North» group in the form of increase in sympathetic activity.
The formation of insect fauna in green covers established at the bottom of the Aral Sea
Authors: Seyilkhanova Aynura , Reymov Qarjawbay , Eshmuratov Adilbay , Gulimbetov Bayrambay , Medetov Maxsetbay , Reymov Axmed , Berdimuratova Alima , Shaniyazov Shakhimardan
Published: October 2024

The establishment of new green cover on the dry bottom of the Aral Sea has a positive effect on the biodiversity populations of the animal world, and insects, in turn, actively participate in the process of soil formation. Despite the favorable abiotic, soil-edaphic factors for the insects of the Southern Archipelago, the density of larvae of Carabidae in agrobiocenoses is quite low. On the contrary, outside the field, the soil edaphic and abiotic factors, despite the low humidity, the density of species is much higher. Also, the number of beetles collected in containers left over from the water consumed by people along the roads leading to the small island, Kungirot Island and Moynak Island, and died without being able to return from 75 to 500 depending on the size of the containers. causes it to decrease.
Monitoring and controlling sand and dust storms in the Middle East
Authors: Al-Dousari Ali , Elrawy Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Satellite images from May 1968 to March 2023 identified two major hotspots (source areas) for sand and dust storms (SDS) in southern Iraq. Around 40 million people in the region are momently affected by the SDS hotspots in Kuwait, southern Iraq, southern Iran, Qatar, eastern Saudi Arabia, Emirates, Bahrain, and northern parts of Oman. The two SDS hotspots cause approximately 40% of the total SDS in the region (SDS data from 1993-2023). The two SDS hotspots are shrinking with time by 85.5% in 2023 (3 373 km2) compared to 23, 331 km2 in 1984. A rehabilitation project (2023-2026) between Iraq and Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR) funded by UN-Habitat and Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development (KF) uses mechanical and biological fixation for SDS hotspots. Both SDS intensity and counts were reduced during 2023 in most of the Arabian Gulf countries compared to the years 2012 to 2021.
Applying sand and dust management and water harvesting measures to restore degraded areas
Authors: Ahmed Modi , Al Dousari Noor
Published: October 2024

Dust storms in Kuwait’s deserts are greatly exacerbated by drought and land degradation. Due to its limited endowment of arable land and water resources, Kuwait confronts numerous hurdles in its effort to promote agriculture sustainably. These factors make it crucial to use soil and water resources sustainably. One approach to implementing water conservation and improving soil health is the development of sand and water harvesting techniques that enable the production of drought-resistant plants. These methods were experimented on a playa that had been degraded (2500 m2). Soil samples were taken from the control and restoration sites before and after treatments to evaluate the effects of the techniques such as mulching and micro-catchment. Over the mulched palm leaves, a new layer of soil emerged after a year with an average thickness of 26 cm; after five years, it had increased to 40 cm. When a drought-resistant plant Lycium shawii was first planted, the seedlings were between 30 and 40 cm long with 2-3 branches. One year later, they grew to be 100 cm long with 8 branches, and after five years, they had grown to be 200 cm.
SoltarinE: Solar charging station eco friendly as a charging solution for electric farm machinery
Authors: Siskandar Ridwan , Hidayat Aceng , Martini Rina , Ristianingrum Anita , Manalu Doni Sahat Tua , Priatna Wahyu Budi , Indrawan Purana , Wiraguna Edi , Dewi Helianthi , Dewi Sari Putri , Pratama Agief Julio , Ratnawati Beata , Kharismatunnisaa Fiona , Darmawan Muhammad Danang Mukti , Nurfadillah Fiqri , Sitompu Ester Angeline , Sabilla Chika Hayya , Assariy Muhammad Faiz , Zulqisthi Daffa
Published: October 2024

An environmentally-friendly solar charging station has been successfully designed, manufactured and tested as a charging solution for electric-powered agricultural machinery (SoltarinE). Two principal methodologies are employed: the design method and the performance test method. In principle, solar panels equipped with a solar tracker system, assisted by lightdependent resistor (LDR) light sensors and actuators, are capable of absorbing the optimum solar intensity. Subsequently, the conversion of solar intensity into chemical energy is employed to charge the batteries of electrically powered agricultural machinery. The automated solar panel system was able to effectively move the two-axis solar tracker with the assistance of a light sensor, resulting in a 37.21% increase in the power produced by thesolar panels. The battery system demonstrates that the SoltarinE storage battery exhibits a rated voltage value on the battery that is indicative of a satisfactory condition, as it remains above 24 V. The CCA capability value also indicates a normal condition, as evidenced by a CCA value above 400. Moreover, the analysis of the SOC and the SOH indicates that the battery is still in an optimal condition, with a value of 100%. The power charge system has also been successfully implemented as a charging source forelectric agricultural machines.
Food preferences in Indonesian schoolchildren and the parents’ perspectives on the upcoming nutritious free meal program
Authors: Soma Rathma Inna , Azhar Aidil , Uchiyama Tomohiro
Published: October 2024

This study explores Indonesian schoolchildren’s dietary choices and evaluates parents’ awareness of the Indonesian well-balanced diet promoted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. It also aims at parents’ perspectives on the Makan Bergizi Gratis (Nutritious Free Meal) program, which will soon be launched by the newly elected President Prabowo Subianto. Art based research and a Google Forms survey was used to gather information from schoolchildren and parents in Indonesia. The findings show common food choices, nutritional awareness gaps, and how parents feel about the new school meal program.
Investigating Sandoricum koetjape leaf extracts for tyrosinase inhibition: Flavonoid profiles and mechanisms
Authors: Hamzah Fajar Nur , Ahmad Abrar , Subandi Subandi , Septama Abdi Wira , Sujarwo Wawan , Choudhry Hani , Zamzami Mazin A. , Al-Thawadi Salwa , Mozef Tjandrawati
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the potential of flavonoid compounds from Sandoricum koetjape leaf extracts as tyrosinase inhibitors, using in vitro and in silico methodologies. Tyrosinase is crucial for melanin synthesis, and its excessive activity leads to hyperpigmentation disorders. The extracts underwent maceration, partitioning, and concentration, followed by tyrosinase inhibition assays and LC-MS/MS analysis. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity, revealing key flavonoids like Kaempferol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside and Quercimeritrin. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations provided insights into their binding mechanisms. Kaempferol-3-Oβ-D-glucopyranoside exhibited a binding affinity of -8.4 kcal/mol, while Quercimeritrin had -7.7 kcal/mol. PreADME profiles indicated Quercimeritrin’s higher solubility, better skin permeability, and lower environmental toxicity. This comprehensive evaluation underscores the viability of S. koetjape as a natural source for tyrosinase inhibitors, highlighting the need for further optimization and in vivo studies to confirm efficacy and safety for dermatological applications.
The effect of different harvest ages on the productivity of maize and sorghum green fodder
Authors: Hakim Annisa , Fazriyah Nur Rachmy , Rayani Tera Fit , Sembada Pria , Sulassih
Published: October 2024

The forage produced is expected to meet continuity of availability. One solution presented to this problem is hydroponic green fodder. This research aims to examine the effect of different harvest ages on maize and sorghum green fodder. This research used a 2 x 2 factorial designwith treatment factors in the form of seeds consisting of two levels (maize seeds and sorghum seeds), and differences in harvest age consisting of two levels (6th day and 12th day). The research results showed that there was a significant effect (P<0.05) on the productivity of maize and sorghum whichwas influenced by differences in harvest age. The results show that the 12thharvest age produces the highest plant biomass of 7.51 kg/m2, while the 6thharvest age produces the highest plant biomass of 4.73 kg/m2. Maize plantsobtain higher biomass and conversion compared to sorghum plants, but thereare differences in response to growth variables. Plant height growth in maizeis superior, while sorghum plants are superior in the number of leaves.
Enhancing maritime ESG leadership through english communication skills
Authors: Simanjuntak Marudut Bernadtua
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the role of English communication skills in developing maritime ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) leadership among senior cadets at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu PelayaranJakarta. Utilizing qualitative methods, including interviews and thematic analysis, the research focused on speaking and listening competencies crucial for professional success in the maritime industry. Findings indicate varying levels of proficiency among cadets, with strong performances in negotiation, conflict resolution, and client interaction demonstrating the practical application of communication skills. Challenges identified include technical vocabulary mastery and cross-cultural communication sensitivity, suggesting targeted training needs. Recommendations include integrating communication training into technical coursework and enhancing cultural awareness modules. This study contributes to maritime education by advocating for comprehensive skill development aligned with industry demands for sustainable leadership. By equipping cadets with effective communication strategies, maritime institutions can prepare future leaders to navigate complex ESG landscapes and promote sustainable practices globally.
The success of pregnancy rate using frozen and fresh embryo transfer in friesian holstein (FH) cattle in Balai Embrio Ternak
Authors: Molyda Donita Najwa , Sulistiawati Erni , Ningtias Putri Indah
Published: October 2024

Embryo Transfer (ET) is a method of the reproductive biotechnologies that can be useful to improve the quality of the cattle’s genetic. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the percentage of pregnancy rate (PR) that produced by frozen and fresh ET methods in Friesian Holstein (FH) recipients within one year (January 2022–December 2022) at Balai Embrio Ternak Cipelang. This study used 50 Friesian Holstein (FH) recipients that are divided into two groups, 38 recipients for frozen ET methods group and 12 recipients for fresh ET methods group. The preparation of the ET method is preceded by an estrous synchronization by double doses of PGF2α injection with a dose per injection of 5mg/ml or 0.083mg/kg on day 0 and day 11. The ET method was conducted seven days after the second PGF2α injection. Nine pregnancies were obtained from 38 frozen ET with a 23.6% PR. Four pregnancies were obtained from 12 fresh ET with a 33.3% PR. The results show that fresh ET has a 9.7% higher PR than frozen ET. There is no significant difference between frozen ET and fresh ET on the pregnancy success of FH recipients after statistical testing using Chi Square test (P>0.05).
Impact of temperature and duration variations on the quality of acacia bark tannin for in-vitro treatment of sheep diarrhoea
Authors: Supardan Atep Dian , Nuraini Febrian , Ramdhan Mohamad Alief , Sholeha Novia Amalia , Azami Mohammad Saifulddinbin Mohd , Listiasari Faranita Ratih , Muliawati Nindya Tri , Laila Farida , Resmeiliana Ika , Sujamoko Tekad Urip Pambudi
Published: October 2024

Sheep frequently experience diarrhoea. An efficacious therapeutic approach involves the utilisation of herbal medicine, which frequently contains tannins owing to its antibacterial and antidiarrheal characteristics. Acacia bark is an important resource due to its high tannin content, which typically ranges from 18% to 25%. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of varying extraction temperatures and durations on the quality of tannins, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of tannin extracts as a treatment for diarrhoea in sheep using in vitro methods. The extraction method used is hot water extraction (HWE), with temperatures set at 40, 60, and 80 °C and extraction durations of 45 and 60 minutes. The results demonstrated that the most favourable extraction conditions were at a temperature of 80 °C for a duration of 60 minutes. This resulted in a phenol content of 9.22 mg/L GAE, total tannins of 6.77 mg/mL, condensed tannins of 1.54 mg/mL, and hydrolyzable tannins of 5.23 mg/mL. Lab tests have demonstrated that the tannin extract is effective in treating diarrhoea in sheep. The highest concentration of 100% showed the most substantial inhibitory zone against E. coli bacteria. Therefore, the optimal amount of tannin to administer to sheep is calculated to be 10 grammes per 25 kilogrammes of body weight (BW).
Development and evaluation of beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes K. Koch) flour sable cookies
Authors: Nurhidayati Vieta Annisa , Rizkiriani Annisa , Nuraeni Ani , Widyasari Hangesti Emi , Dianah Rosyda , Basar Firman Muhammad , Martini Rina , Aulia Nadhira Syafa , Agustiantini Azizah Laila , Miskha Arundina , Safitri Amelia
Published: October 2024

The study investigates the substitution of wheat flour with beneng taro flour in the production of sable cookies. The aim is to develop a healthier alternative to sable cookies by emphasizing the nutritional benefits of beneng taro, a local food ingredient. Organoleptic tests were conducted to evaluate color, taste, aroma, and texture preferences among 30 semi-trained panelists. The findings indicate that sable cookies with 45% beneng taro flour substitution were well-received and had a shelf life of up to 8 hours when stored in PET jars at low temperatures. The study concludes that beneng taro flour can be a healthier alternative to wheat flour, offering lower energy and fat contents sable cookies. Further research is recommended to optimize the ingredient composition and storage conditions.
Yield prediction and optimization of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under multiple cropping systems with corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Wiraguna Edi , Pratama Agief Julio , Nurulhaq Muhammad Iqbal , Rochmah Hidayati Fatchur , Sholeha Novia Amalia , Azhar Aidil
Published: October 2024

This study explores the impact of multiple cropping on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield when intercropped with corn (Zea mays L.) at different ratios (1:1 and 1:2) compared to sole cropping. The study aimed to evaluate yield differences and the correlation between yield and morpho-agronomic traits. The experiment was conducted over two growing seasons (2022-2023) at the Agricultural Research Station. Results indicated that intercropping significantly reduced groundnut yield due to resource competition, with yields of 67.5 grams per plant in the 1:1 ratio and 70.6 grams in the 1:2 ratio, compared to 119.2 grams in sole cropping. Correlation analysis showed that yield was positively associated with pod number and fresh biomass but negatively correlated with leaf count. A predictive model for groundnut yield (2024-2026) was developed and validated, showing no significant difference between predicted and actual yields. The findings suggest that the 1:1 ratio is more effective in maintaining yield under multiple cropping systems and optimizing intercropping strategies to enhance agricultural productivity.
Distribution requirement planning for feed based on SMADISPRO software development
Authors: Hidayat Agung Prayudha , Kartinawati Annisa , Santosa Sesar Husen , Indrawan Purana , Apriliani Fany , Dardanella Derry , Irawan Suhendi , Yusri Doni , Sinaga Antonya Rumondang , Wijaya Hendri , Pamungkas Genta Yoga
Published: October 2024

Feed has an important role in livestock productivity. Distribution planning is a process that can ensure that supply will balance demand. The method used in determining distribution needs is Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP). The results of this study show that the ideal amount of feed requirements is 4,193 kg. This calculation was developed through software called SMADISPRO to make it easier for companies to determine the amount of distribution needs automatically.
Enhancing multidisciplinary communication skills in maritime education: Impact of a twelve-month ESG-focused internship programme
Authors: Simanjuntak Pargaulan D. , Herawati Susi , Simanjuntak Marihot , Malau April Gunawan , Sihombing Derma Watty , Siahaan Rosna Yuherlian , Simanjuntak Ronald , Wibowo Titis Ari , Mudakir Mudakir , Simanjuntak Marudut Bernadtua
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the transformative impact of a twelve-month internship program on multidisciplinary communication skills within maritime education, specifically focusing on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues. Seven senior cadets participated in rigorous training in professional port and shipping environments, demonstrating significant improvements in speaking, listening, interpersonal communication, and adaptability across diverse cultural and ESG-related contexts. The findings underscore the program’s efficacy in preparing cadets for global maritime challenges while emphasizing the critical role of communication skills in promoting sustainable practices and ethical leadership. Future research is suggested to involve broader sample sizes and longitudinal studies to evaluate long-term career impacts.
Development of Guimaras State University knowledge base for ict technical support: Notionas knowledge management tool
Authors: Forca Adrian J.
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the development of the Knowledge Base for Guimaras State University containing the ICTTechnical Support that were scattered and unreused as there is nocentral site that contains all the technical support information of the university. This study made use of the Notion as a Knowledge Management Tool and developed a Knowledge Base with basic components of FAQs, How-to-Guide and Basic Troubleshooting guide and applied the four elements of Knowledge management which is to capture, share, store and transfer. The result shows that the Notion has the feature to support knowledge management and recommended for further study encouraging to load more knowledge in the developed knowledge base for deploymentin the university.
Modèle tabulaire adaptatif de classement des outils intelligents d’aide à la conception architecturale
Authors: Roobaert Louis , Claeys Damien
Published: October 2024

L’usage d’outils intelligents d’aide à la conception redéfinit les pratiques en conception architecturale. Pour permettre aux non-experts d’appréhender les fonctions et les combinaisons potentielles de ces différentes formes d’intelligence artificielle, un modèle de tableau périodique et adaptatif des outils intelligents est proposé et discuté. Pour révéler la pertinence du modèle, différentes variétés algorithmiques sont présentées et placées dans le tableau.