bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Efficacy and Complications after Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Discectomy and Interlaminar Microdiscectomy
Authors: Balan V.S. , Fishchenko Ia.V. , Kravchuk L.D. , Yachnik S.P.
Published: January 2025

Summary. To date, existing literature, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, has demonstrated successful clinical outcomes with low complication rates for endoscopic biportal discectomy. However, these studies are limited, and quite a few similar studies have been covered in the scientific space in Ukraine, which highlights the need for further research in this direction.
Objective. The objective of our study was to conduct a comparative analysis of treatment outcomes and complications after unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy and interlaminar microdiscectomy in the treatment of herniated intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine.
Material and Methods. The study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Spine and Spinal Cord of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Hospital from May 2021 to June 2023. The sample included 276 patients with herniated intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine, divided into two groups according to the type of intervention: unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (n=159) and interlaminar microdiscectomy (n=117).
Results. The results of our study showed that the severity of back pain after 1 month was lower in the endoscopic discectomy group compared to the interlaminar microdiscectomy group; however, after 6 months, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Intergroup comparison revealed no significant differences in the manifestations of pain syndrome in the leg at both 1 month (t St = 1.65 at t Cr =1.98, p > 0.05) and 6 months (t St = 1.88 at t Cr =1.98, p > 0.05). The duration of surgery was on average shorter when using endoscopic access compared to interlaminar microdiscectomy (р ≤ 0.01), and blood loss was reduced by 63.1% during endoscopic access (p < 0.001). No significant differences in intraoperative complications were observed between the methods; among postoperative complications, cases of paresthesia were observed more often in the interlaminar microdiscectomy group (42 cases, 35.8%) compared to the unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy group (28 cases, 17.6%) (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. Our study revealed no differences between interlaminar microdiscectomy and unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy in terms of the number of intraoperative complications (except for postoperative paresthesia). Similarly, the duration of hospital stay was shorter in the groups where endoscopy was used.
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU DAN PERSEPSI MAHASISWA IBM UC TERHADAP MINAT BELI PRODUK SIRSAKOE
Authors: Idelia Idelia , Kohardinata Cliff
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to investigate the purchase interest of IBM UC's students towards Sirsakoe's tea bags. Proportional Stratified Sampling is used as sampling method to select 94 respondents from a population of 1.297 students. Multiple Linear Regression analysis is used as data analysis tool with the help of SPSS 20.0. Research results indicate that the student's perception and consumer behaviour in IBM UC significantly affect the student's purchase interest in Sirsakoe's products. The coefficient of determination value in this research is 57.1. This means that 57.1% of the purchase intention is affected by consumer behaviour and perception, where as the remaining 42.9% is influenced by other factors not discussed in this study.
PAID PROMOTE SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI PRODUK DELICY DALAM MENINGKATKAN KONSUMEN POTENSIAL
Authors: Arifah1 Nanda Putri , Mustikarini Carolina Novi
Published: January 2025

Tren yang sedang muncul saat ini seiring perkembangan bidang teknologi dan informasi adalah maraknya pemasaran secara elektronik (electronic marketing). Melalui internet, perusahaan dapat membangun sebuah media dalam menyediakan layanan informasi, promosi dan fungsi penjualan. Media merupakan sarana yang memudahkan penyebaran informasi. Perusahaan besar maupun menengah pada praktiknya memanfaatkan sebagian besar media sebagai entitas bisnis dan menjadikan sebagai satu alat untuk berkompetisi. Media menjadi elemen penting dalam penciptaan komunikasi pemasaran modern. Delicy juga menggunakan memanfaatkan media dalam bersaing. Delicy menggunakan online advertising paid promote sebagai media promosi. Produk yang ditawarkan Delicy yaitu olahan sayur berupa nugget. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis paid promote sebagi media promosi produk Delicy dalam meningkatkan konsumen potensial. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah buzzer penyedia jasa paid promote, dan pelaku bisnis yang menggunakan paid promote¸ serta konsumen paid promote. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan paid promote pada produk Delicy merupakan kegiatan yang paling optimal untuk mempromosikan produk Delicy, dan meningkatkan konsumen potensial. Peran paid promote juga dapat membantu meningkatkan angka penjualan pada produk Delicy. Paid promote dapat mengenalkan produk Delicy pada masyarakat luas.
Poboljšanje karakteristika elektroenergetskog sistema
Authors: Cvetković Zorko
Published: January 2025

U Londonu je u lipnju 1999. godine održan simpozij pod gornjim naslovom u organizaciji CIGRE. U ovom članku prikazano je uvodno predavanje koje je održao g. David JEFFERIES predsjednik National Grid Company na temu Prijenos danas - lekcije proistekle iz decenije promjena. U članku se navode desetogodišnja iskustva u Velikoj Britaniji, uloga prijenosne mreže, nastajanje novih struktura i poduzeća, kulturne promjene u korist potrošača i dioničara i mogući utjecaj nadolazećih tehnologija na buduće promjene paradigme. Na kraju je dan osvrt na naše prilike s naglaskom na potrebu bržeg djelovanja.
Técnicas Contables, Financieras e Informáticas para la Gestión en las Empresas
Authors: Angulo Murillo Navira Gissela , Castillo García Paola Germania , Bailón Lourido Walter Alberto , Gutiérrez Zambrano Carmen Ebelina , Zambrano Alcívar Nilda Isabel
Published: January 2025

Este artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo analizar los factores clave para una gestión efectiva de las PYMES en el sector comercial, enfocados en técnicas financieras, contables e informáticas. La revisión se realizó a través de una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos académicas, siguiendo criterios de inclusión rigurosos que permitieron seleccionar estudios relevantes sobre las mejores prácticas y enfoques avanzados en la gestión de pequeñas y medianas empresas Entre los hallazgos específicos, se destacan técnicas contables como el costeo ABC, que facilita una asignación precisa de costos y ayuda a identificar áreas de mejora en la eficiencia de recursos. En cuanto a técnicas financieras, se menciona el análisis de ratios financieros, que permite evaluar la solvencia, eficiencia y rentabilidad de la empresa, proporcionando indicadores clave para la toma de decisiones. En el ámbito informático, se identificaron softwares como QuickBooks y SAP, que automatizan procesos contables y financieros, generando informes precisos y facilitando el seguimiento de los datos financieros. Además, el estudio subraya la importancia de la capacitación en estas técnicas para mejorar la competitividad y sostenibilidad de las PYMES. Como producto de la investigación, se presenta una tabla que resume las principales técnicas contables, financieras y de software de apoyo a la gestión contable, diseñada para facilitar su aplicación en el contexto de estas empresas.
La Escritura Académica en Plataformas de Aprendizaje
Authors: Verástica Cháidez María Luisa Guadalupe
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio analiza la producción de textos en plataformas de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de educación superior de tres licenciaturas de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa (UAS), asi como en evauluar la cantidad, calidad, expresión de opinión, argumentación y creación literaria de estudiantes. Desde una perspectiva de alfabetización académica (Carlino, 2005) y mediante un enfoque cualitativo basado en el análisis del discurso, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 32 estudiantes y tres de sus profesores. Los resultados indican que la producción de textos académicos requiere de nuevas estrategias pedagógicas que incorporen programas y plataformas interactivas de aprendizaje. Los estudiantes admiten como desafío la exigencia de los profesores en el uso de recursos informáticos para la escritura de textos académicos. Sin embargo, reconocieron una mejora tanto en la calidad como en la cantidad de su producción escrita a través de estas plataformas, evidenciada en la reescritura de textos académicos, literarios y periodísticos. En conclusión, el estudio demuestra que el uso de plataformas de aprendizaje en la producción de textos académicos contribuye significativamente al desarrollo de habilidades de escritura, beneficiando tanto a estudiantes como a docentes universitarios.
Gamification to Improve oral Communication in English Learners: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ponce Anchundia Luis Stiven , Chancay Cedeño Carlos Humberto
Published: January 2025

This systematic review explores the effectiveness of gamification in enhancing oral communication skills among English language learners. Employing the PRISMA framework, 50 studies published between 2019 and 2023 were analyzed to address the research question: "To What extent does gamification foster students’ oral communication?". Findings suggest that gamification positively impacts oral communication by increasing student motivation, fostering engagement, and reducing anxiety during speaking activities. Key factors contributing to these outcomes include the strategic use of game elements, collaborative learning tasks, and interactive learning environments. However, challenges such as the need for teacher training and the variability of gamification's effectiveness across different educational contexts were also identified.
Factores Desencadenantes de Depresión en Pacientes del Consultorio Psicológico de UNEMI, Milagro, entre Septiembre 2023 y Agosto 2024
Authors: Bustamante Galarza Carla Lorena , Granizo Ortega Gianna Nathalie
Published: January 2025

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los factores desencadenantes de la depresión en adultos jóvenes de 18 a 40 años que han buscado ayuda en los consultorios psicológicos de la Unemi. Esta investigación se basa en un enfoque cualitativo, que recolecta y analiza datos para ajustar preguntas o descubrir nuevas durante el proceso de interpretación. El diseño es no experimental, ya que no se manipularon variables intencionalmente, y es exofacto porque verifica observaciones previas. Es un estudio contemporáneo evolutivo longitudinal, abarcando desde el primer contacto con los casos hasta el diagnóstico. Se usó un diseño de campo, recopilando datos de consultas en el Consultorio Psicológico de la Unemi entre septiembre de 2023 y agosto de 2024. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante entrevistas en consulta. En estudios cualitativos, se suele utilizar una muestra de casos tipo cuando el objetivo es obtener información detallada y de alta calidad, sin poner énfasis en la cantidad o la estandarización. Para esta investigación, se seleccionaron hombres y mujeres de entre 18 y 40 años que acudieron a los consultorios psicológicos de la Unemi, incluyendo un total de 135 pacientes, de los cuales 23 fueron diagnosticados con depresión.
Percepción del Trabajador Respecto a la Capacidad del Supervisor y su Influencia en la Ocurrencia de Accidentes
Authors: Flores Soncco Edwar , Choque Quispe Every Daysi , Jara Vilca Wildor Jazmany
Published: January 2025

La minería es una industria caracterizada por altos niveles de riesgo y una significativa incidencia de reportes de incidentes y accidentes laborales. Analizar este tema aporta herramientas clave para prevenir dichos eventos. En este contexto, el objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar el perfil ideal que debe poseer un supervisor en una empresa minera, basándose en la percepción de los trabajadores sobre sus competencias. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo en un campamento minero mediante encuestas realizadas durante los cambios de turno. Este estudio empleó un diseño de investigación cuantitativa con enfoque descriptivo-explicativo y corte transversal. Se analizaron 81 encuestas, distribuidas en 37 maestros perforistas, 32 ayudantes perforista, 6 peones y 6 operadores, seleccionados bajo un método probabilístico. Los resultados revelaron que la percepción de los trabajadores sobre las capacidades de los supervisores tiene un impacto en las causas de los accidentes, donde se obtuvo que el 40,7% de los trabajadores en la falta en el control, el 34,6% de los trabajadores en la causa básica dentro de los factores personales y el 43.2% de los trabajadores en la causa inmediata dentro de los actos subestándares influyen en la causa de los accidentes.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN ASI TERHADAP NYERI BAYI DENGAN TINDAKAN PENGAMBILAN SAMPEL DARAH DI RUANG PERINATOLOGI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
Authors: Rochmani Rizania , Anik Enikmawati  , Nevia Zulfatunnisa
Published: January 2025

Bayi di ruang intensif sering mendapat tindakan yang mengakibatkan nyeri. Bayi yang sering terpapar nyeri berisko mengalami gangguan perkembangan otak, syaraf dan perilaku. Pemberian ASI sebelum pengambilan darah merupakan tatalaksana nonfarmakologi yang membantu menurunkan nyeri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian ASI terhadap nyeri bayi saat pengambilan sampel darah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasy experiment post test control group design, dengan teknik purposive sampling dan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik mann whitney.  Populasi penelitian ini adalah bayi yang di rawat di ruang perinatologi RS PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta sebanyak 28 bayi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada respon fisik bayi berupa ekspresi, tangisan, pola nafas, reflek kaki tangan, tingkat kesadaran, dan nilai nadi. Kenaikan nadi berbanding lurus dengan  nyeri, semakin tinggi nyeri nadinya semakin meningkat. Hasil uji mann whitney menunjukkan nilai p value 0,000 maka P < 0,05 yang artinya terdapat efektifitas pada pemberian ASI dengan nyeri bayi saat dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah, dimana kelompok kontrol mayoritas skala nyeri sedang dan kelompok intervensi mayoritas nyeri ringan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian ASI efektif dalam menurunkan nyeri bayi saat pengambilan sampel darah.
Kata kunci: ASI, nyeri bayi, nonfarmakologis, pengambilan sampel darah
Infant in intensive care often receive procedures that cause pain. Infant who are frequently exposed to pain are at risk of experiencing brain, nerve and behavioral development disorders. Giving breast milk before blood collection is a non-pharmacological treatment that helps reduce pain. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of breastfeeding on infant pain when taking blood samples. This is quantitative research, quasy experiment post test control group design, with purposive sampling techniques and a cross sectional approach, using the mann whitney statistical analysis test. there were physical responses of the baby in the form of expressions, crying, breathing patterns, hand-leg reflexes, level of consciousness, and pulse values. The increase in pulse is directly proportional to pain, the higher the pain, the more the pulse increases. The results of the Mann Whitney test show that p value of 0.000, so p value < 0.05, which means that there is effectiveness in breastfeeding for infant pain when blood samples are taken, where the majority of the control group has moderate pain scale and the intervention group has the majority of mild pain. The conclusion of this study is that breastfeeding is effective in reducing infant pain during blood sampling.
Keyword: baby pain, blood samples, breast milk, non-pharmacological
KESIAPAN DASAWISMA DALAM PROGRAM WILAGA CETING STUDI KUALITATIF DI PUSKESMAS SIBELA KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Mulyanti Sri , Budi Astuti Athanasia
Published: January 2025

Anak kurang gizi kronis masih merupakan masalah kesehatan anak di Indonesia yang berdampak pada masih tingginya angka stunting. Hasil Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI)  prevalensi stunting di Indonesia 2022, turun dari 24,4% menjadi 21,6%, masih lebih tinggi dari standar WHO yaitu 20%. Diperlukan peran serta dasawisma dalam mendukung inovasi peningkatan gizi pada anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis persepsi kesiapan dasawisma dalam mendukung program Wilaga Ceting. Jenis penelitian adalah qualitatif dengan pendekatan tematik. Subyek penelitian adalah delapan informan yang diambil secara multistage random sampling. Data diambil dengan wawancara mendalam menggunakan pedoman wawancara semi terstruktur, dilakukan Pebruari – Juni 2024. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan persespi kader dasawisma: 1) Stunting adalah anak pendek akibat gangguan pertumbuhan anak yang terjadi karena kurang gizi. 2) Jumlah stunting di Kota Suarkarta masih cukup tinggi 3) Program Wilaga Ceting sangat bagus sehingga perlu didukung oleh masyarakat, 4) Kader dasawisma membutuhkan pelatihan untuk mendukung program wilaga ceting. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah Kader Dasawisma siap mendukung program inovasi wilaga ceting.
Kata kunci: dasa wisma, kader kesehatan, stunting, wilaga ceting
Chronically malnourished children are still a child health problem in Indonesia which has an impact on the still high rate of stunting. The results of the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) show that the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia in 2022 has decreased from 24.4% to 21.6%, still higher than the WHO standard of 20%. There is a need for an equal role in supporting innovations to improve nutrition for children. The aim of this research is to Analyzing perceptions of the readiness of dasa homesteads in supporting the Wilaga Ceting program. This type of research is Qualitative research with a thematic approach. The research subjects were eight informants taken using multistage random sampling. Data was taken by in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guidelines, conducted February-June 2024. The results showed that perception of Dasa Wisma cadres: 1) Stunting is a child who is short due to impaired child growth which occurs due to malnutrition. 2) The number of stunting in Surakarta City is still quite high. 3) The Wilaga Ceting program is very good so it needs to be supported by the community. 4) Dasa Wisma cadres need training to support the Wilaga Ceting program. The conclusion of the research is that Knolewdge and motivation Dasa Wisma cadres are ready to support the Wilaga Ceting innovation program.
Keyword: dasa wisma, health cadres, stunting, wilaga ceting
POLA KONSUMSI OBAT HERBAL DIABETUS MELITUS SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS STUDI KUALITATIF DI PUCANGAN KARTOSURO JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Diyono Diyono , Kristanto Budi
Published: January 2025

Diabetus melitus merupakan salah satu faktor risiko utama penyakit ginjal kronis. Salah satu pilar tatalaksana diabetes melitus adalah terapi obat. Obat herbal merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dipakai pasien diabetes melitus, namun jika kurang tepat dapat terjadi komplikasi yang lebih berat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengidentifikasi pola penggunaan obat herbal pada pasien diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian kualitatif dengan desain analisis tematik, dilakukan terhadap 10 informan dengan kriteria didiagnosis diabetes melitus, belum terdapat komplikasi, perawatan di rumah. Data diambil melalui wawancara mendalalam menggunakan pedoman wawancara semi terstruktur. Analsis data menggunakan bantuan program N VIVO Seri 12. Penelitian dilaksanakan September 2023 – Pebruari 2024. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan (1) Satu informan hanya mengkonsumsi obat herbal, dua informan kombinasi obat herbal dan obat medis,dan lima responden tidak mengkonnsumsi obat herbal. (2) Obat herbal yang dikonsumsi adalah wantong, muntalin, kelor, dan pare (3) Alasan konsumsi obat herbal karena bosan minum obat medis dan obat herbal tidak membahayakan ginjal (4) Penggunaan obat herbal tidak dikombinasikan dengan obat medis, diet dan aktifitas fisik. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah Pola konsumsi obat herbal belum tepat sehingga berisiko terjadi komplikasi Penyakit Ginjal Kronis.
Kata kunci: diabetus melitus, obat herbal
Diabetes mellitus is one of the main risk factors for chronic kidney disease. One of the pillars of managing diabetes mellitus is drug therapy. Herbal medicine is an alternative used by diabetes mellitus patients which, if not properly, can cause more serious complications. The purpose of this study was to Identifying patterns of herbal medicine use in diabetes mellitus patients. This study is an Qualitative research with a thematic analysis design was conducted on 10 informants with the criteria for a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, no complications, treatment at home. Data was collected through in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guidelines. Data analysis using the N VIVO Series 12 program. Research was carried out September 2023 – February 2024. The results of the study showed that (1) one informant only consumed herbal medicine, two informants took a combination of herbal medicine and medical medicine, and five respondents did not consume herbal medicine. (2) The herbal medicines consumed are wantong, muntalin, moringa, and bitter melon (3) The reason for consuming herbal medicines is because they are bored of taking medical medicines and herbal medicines are natural medicines that do not harm the kidneys (4) The use of herbal medicines is not combined with medicines from doctors, diet, and physical activity. The conclusion of the study is that The pattern of consuming herbal medicines is not appropriate so there is a risk of complications from Chronic Kidney Disease.
Keyword: diabetes mellitus, herbal medicine
Biosorption of Caffeine from Contaminated Water onto Sugarcane Bagasse Biomass
Authors: Salsabila Balqis Simran , Md Ali Abd Halim , Rosly Muhammad Bukhari , Md Huzir Nurhamieza , Tamunaidu Pramila , Amin Azlan Nur Rasyid , Hamzah Muhammad Hazwan , Azhari Ahmad Hazwan , Shamsulbahrin Shahirah , Abdul Rahim Mohamad Akmal
Published: January 2025

Caffeine waste residue has been identified as a significant source of environmental caffeine contamination, primarily originating from the disposal of unfinished caffeinated beverages. Once released, caffeine can reach wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and eventually enter the water cycle, posing potential ecological risks. This study investigates the potential of sugarcane bagasse, a readily available and inexpensive material, as an activated carbon adsorbent for caffeine removal. The sugarcane bagasse was chemically activated using sulphuric acid to enhance pore development. Various operating parameters, including adsorbent dosage, contact time, and stirring rate, were examined to optimize caffeine adsorption. The activated carbon was characterized using Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy (LVSEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results demonstrated a maximum caffeine removal efficiency of 99.12%, highlighting the potential of sugarcane bagasse as a low-cost and eco-friendly solution for wastewater treatment applications.
Morphological And Chemical Analysis of PAN/a-CNx Composites Membranes For CO₂ Separation
Authors: Mohd Akhiri Anin Sofya , Awang Rozidawati , Othaman Rizafizah , Jon Nazwa
Published: January 2025

Thin polymeric membranes have attracted significant interest for CO₂ separation due to their high gas permeance and low cost. However, enhancing selectivity often requires an additional selective layer. This study investigates the role of amorphous carbon nitride (a-CNx) thin film deposited via radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) as a selective layer on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane fabricated through non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). Structural and chemical modifications of the membrane due to the introduction of a-CNx thin film were analyzed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). FESEM shows a textured surface on PAN/a-CNx membrane which confirmed the successful uniform deposition of the a-CNx thin film. BET revealed a slight reduction in BET surface area from 49.84 m²/g to 48.13 m²/g after deposition due to partial pore coverage by the a-CNx thin film. The Langmuir surface area increased from 89.94 m²/g to 97.08 m²/g, indicating the creation of more uniform adsorption sites. BJH analysis showed an increase in cumulative mesopore volume from 0.0994 cm³/g to 0.1073 cm³/g and a significant rise in mesopore width from 8.57 nm to 13.40 nm which implies the merging of smaller pores that led to increase mesoporosity. Both membranes exhibited Type IV isotherms with H3 hysteresis loops that represent characteristic of mesoporous materials, with the PAN/a-CNx membrane displaying a slightly wider hysteresis loop that indicates potential shifts toward slit-like pores. FTIR spectra confirmed the incorporation of a-CNx thin film into the PAN matrix, with characteristic peaks of N-H stretching, C=N stretching, and aromatic C-N stretching. The increase of nitrogen functionalities by the deposition of a-CNx thin film potentially increases CO₂ adsorption through acid-base interactions with nitrogen sites. These findings offer valuable insights for future research on high-performance gas separation membranes.
Principal component analysis (PCA) as a genetic diversity tool to understand the variation of rice mutant culture
Authors: S Palaniyappan , P Arunachalam , S Banumathy , S Muthuramu
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The current research experiment was carried out to analyze the genetic variations among rice mutants and homozygous lines from cross derivatives by principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA results had shown the first five PCs accounted 83.20 per cent of total genetic variation. The thirty six rice genotypes were formed into four groups. Among the variables studied, hundred grain weight (0.907), grain length (0.837), grain width (0.799) and plant height on 50th day (0.617) positively contributed to 29.15 % variation of first PC. Whereas, days to maturity (0.708), days to fifty percent flowering (0.643) and flag leaf breadth (0.609) contributed mostly for 21.60 percent variation of second PC. More precisely, the grouping revealed that the EMS mutants of Anna (R) 4 were potentially mutated not only for the grain type and also for yield related traits such as flag leaf length and breadth, panicle length, plant height. The genotypes grouped 1 and 4 had potential to select higher grain yield with improved grain quality suitable for rainfed condition.

Keyword: Rice, mutants, PCA, variation.
The Influence of Revenue and Operational Costs on Income tax in Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Companies
Authors: Tri Pratiwi Endang , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Alam Syamsu
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of revenue and operational costs on income tax in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study uses secondary data in the form of financial statements for the 2018-2023 period obtained through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample was determined through a purposive sampling technique with the number of samples that met the criteria as many as 16 companies. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that partially revenue affects income tax in a positive direction and operational costs affect income tax in a positive direction. Meanwhile, simultaneously revenue and operational costs affect income tax. This research is very significant for companies in the food and beverage sub-sector because it provides guidelines in determining strategies to increase revenue sustainably and operational cost efficiency in increasing corporate profits which has an impact on income tax management.
Pangenome analysis and “in silico” overview of carbohydrate and vitamin metabolism of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain TRA56 obtained from lactic-acid fermented beverage known as Shalgam
Authors: Yetiman Ahmet
Published: January 2025

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a highly adaptable and versatile species that can be found in a diverse range of niches. It can generate bioactive compounds, including riboflavin, folic acid, and exopolysaccharides, which contribute to the functional qualities of fermented foods. This study aimed to provide a brief evaluation of the overall genetic characteristics, as well as the carbohydrate and vitamin metabolisms, of the Lb. plantarum TRA56 (The TRA56). Its genome size was 3,242,215 bp with a 44.41% GC content, including 3.030 coding sequences, 62 tRNA genes, 3 rRNA, 4 ncRNA, 1 CRISPR array, 69 pseudogenes, and 2 intact phages. Its genome had 195 singleton genes that differed from those found in other strains analyzed in the pangenome. Moreover, it has been found that TRA56 possesses a facultative heterofermentive carbohydrate metabolism as a result of the existence of 6-phosphofructokinase (pfk) and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (fbaA) enzymes. The strain's capacity to synthesize vitamins B2, B5, and B9 has been verified using computational tools. Cholesterol assimilation (46.28±1.6%) and antioxidant activity against DPPH (59.04±0.43%) and ABTS+ (77.76±0.33%) were verified via in vitro tests. The study of the TRA56's genetic and metabolic characteristics demonstrated its potential as a probiotic food supplement, offering functional advantages to the host.
The Good, The Bad and The Legacy of Kwaito
Authors: Mapaya Madimabe G. , Zulu Thulani G.
Published: January 2025

This article investigates kwaito music’s role in revitalising South African youth. Kwaito is more than a music genre; it is a cultural movement reflecting the experiences, aspirations, and challenges of youth in ekasi (South African townships). With the genre’s decline in popularity after 30 years of prosperity, it is crucial to explore, analyse, and document its positive and negative histories, particularly its legacy. The enlisted exploratory methodology involved content analysis of scholarly articles, books, and online data, including YouTube interviews and documentaries about kwaito. Data collection also included interviews with key South African music industry figures such as former record executives and musicians. While scholars examine kwaito from various disciplinary perspectives, key figures in the kwaito community feel their contributions are still under-represented. This highlights a gap between academic and journalistic accounts and the personal experiences of those deeply involved in the kwaito culture. This article concludes that kwaito significantly influences black youth by promoting self-expression, community cohesion, entrepreneurial enterprise, and introducing new role models. It emphasises kwaito‘s impact on South African culture and music, contributing substantially to the discourse of African musicology.

Keywords: Kwaito, Kasi, South Africa, Cultural Phenomenon, Methodology, Music Scholarship, Socio-Political Context.
The Tensions between Ukuthwasa and Labour Laws in South Africa: A Human Rights-Based Approach
Authors: Kugara Stewart Lee , Chawaremera Melisa Mutsa
Published: January 2025

This paper appraises the tensions between the cultural practice of ukuthwasa and fundamental human rights in South Africa. This is particularly within the context of modern labour laws and workplace practices. A doctrinal research methodology is employed to analyse the human rights implications of allowing or denying employees the right to engage in the cultural practice of ukuthwasa. This approach enables an analysis and interpretation of relevant legislative provisions, case law and human rights frameworks governing workplace and cultural rights. The study reveals that there are multilayered tensions between the recognition of ukuthwasa and the enforcement of labour laws, which often overlook or conflict with the spiritual and cultural obligations of employees. A critical human rights-based analysis, reveals that the failure to balance cultural rights with workplace obligations can lead to significant human right violations, including unlawful dismissals or infringement of religious and cultural freedoms. This study highlights the need for a more sensitive and inclusive approach to managing cultural practices in corporate environments. Further, this study recommends an approach to addressing cultural rights and fundamental human rights within the workplace environment. Employers should be concientised about the importance of cultural and religious rights, while employees must be aware of their responsibilities within the framework of labour law. Ideally, this will mitigate conflicts or dismissals. This study contributes to the ongoing dialogue on cultural rights and labour law. It also provides insights for employers on managing the delicate balance between cultural practices and legal obligations in the modern workplace.

Keywords: Ukuthwasa, human rights, cultural practice, workplace, Constitution.
Drivers of Financial Inclusion and Effect of Covid-19 on Electronic Payments in West Africa
Authors: Onyina Paul Adjei
Published: January 2025

This study examined the drivers of financial inclusion as well as how COVID-19 affected West Africa in terms of electronic payments. It used the World Bank’s Global Findex 2021 data collected at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic with 1000 respondents each from Senegal, Togo, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Ghana, Benin, Liberia and Cameroon and model logit regression to investigate the drivers of financial inclusion and how COVID-19 affected it. With regard to key drivers of financial inclusion, it found that female and lower income groups have low inclusion levels which decline when income increases; also, the more educated persons, are linked to high financial inclusion. On account ownership of mobile money, there is discrimination of financial inclusion based on sex. Distance from the office of a financial institution poses a key obstacle to financial inclusion for females and various income groups, but the cost is not a major worry. Informal financial practices are not very popular. The study found that highly educated persons used electronic payment systems to settle utility bills for the first time during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study recommends policies that lead people closer to financial services to reduce financial exclusion. Again, individuals should be stimulated to adopt electronic payment systems to help reduce financial exclusion. The originality of the study stems from the usage of figures provided by the World Bank’s Global Findex in 2021 which is unique in totality. This study adds to current knowledge by evaluating drivers of financial inclusion in West African countries by looking at current issues on finances focusing on the sub-region during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Financial Inclusion, West Africa, Personal Characteristics, COVID-19 Pandemic
A Religious Response to Environmental Flippancies in Akan Communities in Ghana
Authors: Twumasi-Ankrah Emmanuel , Adu-Gyamfi Yaw
Published: January 2025

Environmental destruction in Ghana appeared to be the hottest of the political issues in the run-up to the 2024 General Elections. The study sought to unravel the possible factors militating against Ghana’s efforts in the fight against environmental destruction. It also postulates certain intentional and coordinated activities that the religious bodies in Ghana can undertake in contributing to salvaging the ecological crisis. Using the qualitative method, and a purposive sampling technique, some players in the environmental economy such as individuals, traditional leaders, religious leaders, and government officials were interviewed. In addition, for first-hand information, efforts were made to visit some Akan communities to observe how the people behave toward their environment. This paper argues that the ecological narrative in Akan communities has changed chiefly because of social conflicts, engineered by factors such as the basic needs of humans, politicization, desacralization, materialism, economics, “development,” culture, chieftaincy, international relations, tenancy, religion, civil action and many more. However, Akan religious people to whom this paper has pointed fingers as part of the problem, have what it takes to contribute to salvaging the environmental crisis in Ghana. The paper recommends that religious bodies engage in the intensification of ecological conversation and building ecological congregations by employing eco-pedagogy and making investments in environmental protection ventures in Ghana.

Keywords: Environmental Flippancies, Galamsey, Political Ecology, Akan Communities.
Hot Spot Offset Variability from Magnetohydrodynamical Thermoresistive Instability in Hot Jupiters
Authors: Hardy Raphaël , Charbonneau Paul , Cumming Andrew
Published: January 2025

Hot Jupiter (HJ) atmospheres are possibly subject to a thermoresistive instability (TRI). Such an instability may develop as the ohmic heating increases the electrical conductivity in a positive feedback loop, which ultimately leads to a runaway of the atmospheric temperature. We extend our previous axisymmetric one-dimensional radial model, by representing the temperature and magnetic diffusivity as a first-order Fourier expansion in longitude. This allows us to predict the hot spot offset during the rapid unfolding of the TRI and following Alfvénic oscillations. The instability is periodically triggered and damped within ≈10–40 days, depending on the magnetic field strength, with months of slow buildup between recurring bursts. We show a few representative simulations undergoing TRI, in which the peak flux offset varies between approximately ±60∘ on a timescale of a few days with potentially observable brightness variations. Therefore, this TRI could be an observable feature of HJs, given the right timing of observation and transit and the right planetary parameters.
Latitude Quenching Nonlinearity in the Solar Dynamo
Authors: Yeates Anthony R. , Bertello Luca , Pevtsov Alexander A. , Pevtsov Alexei A.
Published: January 2025

We compare two candidate nonlinearities for regulating the solar cycle within the Babcock–Leighton paradigm: tilt quenching (whereby the tilt of active regions is reduced in stronger cycles) and latitude quenching (whereby flux emerges at higher latitudes in stronger solar cycles). Digitized historical observations are used to build a database of individual magnetic plage regions from 1923 to 1985. The regions are selected by thresholding in Ca ii K synoptic maps, with polarities constrained using Mount Wilson Observatory sunspot measurements. The resulting data show weak evidence for tilt quenching, but much stronger evidence for latitude quenching. Further, we use proxy observations of the polar field from faculae to construct a best-fit surface flux transport model driven by our database of emerging regions. A better fit is obtained when the sunspot measurements are used, compared to a reference model where all polarities are filled using Hale's Law. The optimization suggests clearly that the “dynamo effectivity range” of the Sun during this period should be less than 10°; this is also consistent with latitude quenching being dominant over tilt quenching.
Spatial decay estimates for the coupled system of wave-plate type with thermal effect
Authors: Shi Jincheng , Liu Yan
Published: January 2025

In this article, we investigate the spatial decay estimates for the biharmonic conduction equations within a coupled wave-plate system incorporating thermal effects in a two-dimensional cylindrical domain. Using the method of a second-order differential inequality, we can obtain the spatial decay estimates result for these equations. When the distance tends to infinity, the energy can decay exponentially. This result shows us that the Saint-Venant principle is also valid for the hyperbolic-parabolic coupled system.
Evaluación de la incidencia de la enfermedad del virus respiratorio sincitial en un estudio de Cohorte de Nacimiento Prospectivo en Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Kubale John , Kuan Guillermina , Gresh Lionel , Ojeda Sergio , Azziz-Baumgartner Eduardo , Sanchez Nery , Lopez Roger , Harris Eva , Balmaseda Angel , Gordon Aubree
Published: January 2025

This text is a Spanish translation of the following article: "Assessing the Incidence of Symptomatic Respiratory Syncytial Virus Illness Within a Prospective Birth Cohort in Managua, Nicaragua." It was published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America on July 29, 2019: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz585
Encontramos una carga sustancial de VSR en niños nicaragüenses menores de 2 años. Alrededor de 1/3 de las muertes por causas médicas en este estudio estaban asociadas a infecciones del VSR, lo cual sugiere que este agente es un importante impulsor de la mortalidad infantil en esta población, la cual ha sido vacunada en gran medida y padece poco de malaria o VIH.
Transforming Business in the Digital Age Using Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors: Iftikhar Hassan , Riaz Ahsan , Nazir Nadeem , Noreen Sadaf , Khan Marium Azad
Published: January 2025

In the age, rapid technological advancements, businesses are worldwide increasingly complex digital landscape. This chapter exploring the impact of technology on strategies necessary for success in this dynamic environment. This chapter begins by examining the evolution of digital technologies and their influence across industries, from e-commerce to social media. The chapter illuminates the role of data in digital business emphasizing its significance in decision making process. It illuminates the challenges and opportunities with data management and privacy concerns of consumer information. The chapter explores emerging trends such as Artificial Intelligence, illuminating their potential to revolutionize business operations and unlock new opportunities for growth. It highlights the importance of embracing innovation and develop cultural experimentation to take advantage from this technology effectively. The chapter explores digital transformation is mandatory for traditional business to grow in dynamic environment in an efficient manner.
Digital Finance, Financial Inclusion, and Economic Growth
Authors: Abu Taher Sheikh
Published: January 2025

It is essential for an economy to have well and developed financial system for its population since access to formal finance reduces poverty and increases economic growth. This chapter, therefore, empirically investigates the link between the various channels of digital finance, financial inclusion (FI) and its impact on economic growth in Bangladesh. Secondary data is collected from World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF). To formulate an econometric model, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and error correction (ECM) model are performed. Besides, to check the data order Augmented Dicky Fuller (ADF) and Philipe-Perron tests are implemented. Empirical results disclose interesting findings that a good number of digital finance and FI indicators have positive association with economic development both for short and long-run in Bangladesh. As more FI encourages people to become financially educate and thereby promote sound financial infrastructure of an economy, the results suggest deepening of financial structure through promotion of nationwide financial services.
Impact of Green Banking Practices on Sustainable Performance of Banks Through Analysis of the Mediating Effect of Green Finance
Authors: Butt Shamaila , Ashfaq Muhammad , Chohan Muhammad Ali , Iftikhar Resham , Awan Muhammad Ayub , Mazlan Ain Naadia Binti , Mahmood Tariq
Published: January 2025

This research paper explores the impact of green banking practices on the sustainable performance through analysis of the mediating effect of green financing and moderating effect of green leadership. The data were collected from 250 employees of the banking sector through a self-administered questionnaire and online questionnaire made in google forms. The analysis was conducted through Smart PLS-4 and SEM model was used. The study's findings demonstrate that, in contrast to bank customer-related GB practices, which were not statistically significant; people, normal business operations, and policy-related GB practices have significant positive effects on green financing. Banks' environmental performance was significantly and favorably affected by the financing of green initiatives. Also, it was found that in contrast to employee and customer-related GB activities, banks' ordinary business operations and policy-related practices significantly affect their environmental performances. Green banking practices can have a significant impact on the sustainable performance of the banks
Strengthening the Mental Health of Persons with Disabilities through Social Work Practices in India and Vietnam
Authors: Nhan N. T. T. , Singhe M. S.
Published: January 2025

India and Vietnam have among the most significant populations of persons with disabilities (PWDs) worldwide. PWDs are likely to experience loneliness, isolation, peer pressure, multiple abuses, anxiety disorders, and many other mental health issues, especially in developing countries. The significant research question is how social work (SW) practices lend a hand to empower marginalized and disadvantaged PWDs to effectively and efficiently address their mental disorders. As a result, the prime purpose of this study is to examine how SW practices contribute to improving the mental health of PWDs in the contemporary context of India and Vietnam. To achieve the primary goal, the authors employed a desk research method to analyze and interpret data from existing secondary sources, such as published research articles and various official reports from many international organizations and other governmental websites. The researchers categorized the prior studies into two primary areas: one focused on the mental issues faced by PWDs, while the other explored SW's broader practices in the context of providing mental healthcare for PWDs. The findings showed that SW has sufficient potential to assist PWDs in fostering and preserving their mental health under optimal conditions. Although SW services in both countries have positively impacted the strengthening of PWDs' mental health, several complex issues need to be critically considered and effectively improved. Furthermore, the authors recommended implementing practical, policy, and research initiatives to improve SW practices and the effectiveness of mental healthcare services for marginalized and differently-abled people in Vietnam and India.