bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of concrete with the addition of copper slag aggregate
Authors: Korentz Jacek , Juszczak Robert , Szmatuła Filip
Published: January 2023

Recently, the demand for various types of aggregates in Poland has been very significant. The resources of natural aggregates are shrinking and their exploitation has a large environmental impact. Recycled and artificial aggregates, including copper slag aggregates, are therefore increasingly used in road and railway construction as well as in general construction works. The paper presents the results of experimental research concerning the possibility of using copper slag aggregates for the production of structural concretes which, apart from their adequate compressive strength, were resistant to atmospheric conditions and thus could be used in bridges, roads, or other objects exposed to such special conditions. In the conducted research, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the materials included in the concrete were assessed, but the main emphasis was put on the research on the influence of the quantity of copper slag aggregates on the basic properties of concrete such as: compressive strength, water absorption, and freeze-thaw durability. The results of the research showed that copper aggregate can successfully replace natural aggregate in cement concretes. The copper slag aggregate showed better properties than the granite aggregate used in the reference concrete. All the concretes tested after 28 days met the concrete strength requirements. For the concretes with a copper slag aggregate content of 25% and 50% there was a few percent increase in compressive strength. On the other hand, for the concretes with 75% and 100% of the copper slag aggregate, compression strength drops of up to 14% were recorded. The water absorption of the reference concrete was worse than that of all the concretes containing copper slag aggregates. Both the reference concrete and all the concretes with copper slag aggregate meet the requirements for freeze-thaw durability grade F150. Concretes with copper slag aggregate subjected to 150 freezing and thawing cycles exhibit a compression strength drop of up to 4%.
The study of the microstructure of sustainable composite cement-based mortars
Authors: Sekhar K Chandra , Kumar P. Ratish
Published: January 2023

A signifi cant attention is drawn by researchers in recent years towards cements with partial replacements of supplementary cementitious materials [SCM], to reduce the adverse effect of global warming. The research presented in this paper involves the microstructure study of composite cement [CC] which falls into the category of ternary blended cements, consisting of ordinary Portland cement [OPC] and SCMs: Fly Ash [FA] and Granulated Blast Furnace Slag [GBFS], as partial replacement of OPC. The proportion of OPC, FA, and GBFS considered are 45%, 22%, and 33% respectively which is in accordance with IS 16415: 2015. The effi cacy of using the CC effectively in construction practice needs the understanding of the behaviour and phase transforma-tions occurring during the process of hydration, which affects the strength and performance of mortars. This study examines the phase changes at different curing periods viz. 3,7,14,21,28,56 and 90 days, along with the strength of OPC and CC mortars as well as the microstructure investigation. As it was expected, the initial rate of strength gain of CC is lower, compared to OPC, due to the slow development of pozzolanic activity. The strength gain of OPC has practically obtained its class at 28 days but in CC it has continued till 90 days. The ultimate strengths of both the cements are quite comparable at the end of 90 days.
Oil sludge as a fuel and raw material in the production of cement-based pozzolanic composites
Authors: Kourdache Hayat , Adjdir Mehdi , bendraoua Abdelaziz , Brucker Jean Michel
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was the valorisation of oil sludge as an alternative fuel in the cement kilns since 1 kg of oil sludge can substitute 0.82 m3 of methane. The ash from oil sludge combustion can be used as secondary cementitious material, for the production of cement-based pozzolanic composites. The elemental composition, density, surface properties, and particle size distribution of the ashes were measured. Then the ashes were used along with ordinary Portland cement at different ratios of substitution: 5, 10, 15, and 20% by mass to produce mortars which were tested for their normal consistency, setting time, mechanical properties, and then compared to reference mortar without ashes. According to the results, the higher SiO2 content was assigned to ash compared to cement. The incorporation of ash resulted in the retardation of the setting. According to European standard EN-197, the mortar with the addition of 5% of ash which presents a maximum strength equal to 46 MPa obtained at 28 days is classifi ed as CEM II/B 42.5N. However, cements containing 10% and 20% of ash have been classifi ed in strength class 32.5N
Multi-recycled aggregate concrete towards a sustainable solution – a review
Authors: Kasulanati Madhavi Latha , Pancharathi Rathish Kumar
Published: January 2023

Reduce, reuse and recycle are the important facets of susta-inable construction and environmental recovery. Increase in the construction activity generates huge amount of construction and demolition waste worldwide, and has a potential to be used as concrete coarse aggregate. In the future, where, most of the cities are likely to become concrete jungles, recycling and multi-recycling of concrete becomes all the more important. Also, the precast industry generates large amount of wastes due to discrepancies in quality of materials. Instead of depositing them as landfi lls or rejecting recycled materials, the possibility of reusing them is investigated and the fi nite number of times the recycling can be done, is examined. The present paper ponders on literature works, done by various researchers to check the variation in properties of recycled concrete aggregate, after fi nite number of generations of recycling. The studies on fresh and hardened state properties of recycled aggregate concrete showed a decrease in quality, with respect to mechanical performance of newly made concrete. The recycled concrete aggregate from precast rejects performed equal to natural concrete and even showed slightly higher compressive strength than natural aggregate concrete and can be replaced up to 20% of natural aggregate, to produce the concrete of accepted quality. The third generation recycled concrete aggregate showed almost twice the amount of mortar as that of fi rst generation re-cycled concrete aggregate. It can be seen that the concrete can be recycled only a fi nite number of times. A relationship between strength and durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete of different generations was derived based on multi-linear regres-sion analysis.
Electromagnetic wave-absorbing properties of graphene nanoplatelets - calcium sulfoaluminate cement - based composites
Authors: Xingjun L.V. , Duan Yuping , Chen Guoqing
Published: January 2023

In this paper, graphene nanoplatelets [GNPs] in calcium sulfo-aluminate cement-based composites were prepared. The effects of graphene nanoplatelets content and sample thickness on the absorbing properties of composites were studied and the related mechanism was investigated. The experimental results have shown that the sample with a thickness of 25mm exhibited good electromagnetic wave [EMW] absorption, when the content of gra-phene nanoplatelets is 0.06%. The minimum refl ectivity is -30.8 dB at 8.7 GHz, and the cumulative bandwidth [< -5 dB] is 9.5 GHz. When the content of GNPs is increased to 0.08%, the EMW ab-sorption property of the sample does not enhance remarkably. The absorbing property can be improved by adjusting the thickness of sample. The specimen with a thickness of 35 mm performed excellent broadband absorption characteristics.
Kinds of concrete shrinkages, their importance and prevention methods
Authors: Kurdowski Wiesław
Published: January 2023

The basis for the geopolymers production was drawn up by prof. Kühl, well known to present day from the introduction of the modulus of clinker lime saturation: This Kühl’s formula was lined on the assumption that the best clinker should be composed of C3S, C3A and C2F and the mass ratio of CaO in respect to other components is equal adequately: 2.8, 1.65 and 0.70. The analyses of the equilibrium condition in the four components system led Kühl to the so-called lime criterion, equal to the permissible maximal lime content in clinker, in the conditions far from the equilibrium: One of the unfavourable properties of concrete is shrinkage which is linked with the volume changes of cement paste. We distinguish the following kinds of shrinkage: – “chemical” shrinkage called also the contraction or Le Chatelier shrinkage, – plastic shrinkage, – autogenic shrinkage or spontaneous, sometimes called auto drying, – drying shrinkage. There are several methods to eliminate concrete shrinkage. The ettringite crystallization is one of the inorganic compounds methods and is based on Klein’s complex addition to cement. This complex is causing the rapid ettringite formation and the shrinkage is diminished. There are also organic admixtures which action is the reduction of the water surface tension. There are surface-active additions that are reducing this tension, in capillaries. The organic admixtures which are diminishing the shrinkage are based on neopentyl glycol or similar chemical compounds. In the study, the shrinkage-reducing admixture BASF Master Life SRA 815 alone and with CaO addition were examined. It was shown that CaO addition is giving very low diminishing of cement shrinkage, contrary to the fluid admixture Master Life SRA 815 which has a high diminishing influence on cement shrinkage. However, the simultaneous addition of CaO is increasing the diminishing influence of this fluid admixture. The addition of Klein’s complex does not influence of shrinkage but its simultaneous addition with Master Life SRA 815 gives higher shrinkage diminishing.
The use of waste and industrial by-products and possibilities of reducing CO2 emission in the cement industry – industrial trials
Authors: Baran Tomasz
Published: January 2023

This article aims to present the possibility of reducing CO2 emission in the composite cement production, by using large amounts of industrial by-products and to present the possibility of reducing CO2 emission in the process of Portland clinker synthesis. The last one will be the result of using raw materials containing calcium compounds other than carbonates and the use of alternative fuels containing biomass for the synthesis of clinker, the combustion of which is not included in the CO2 emission balance. Replacing one mass % of CaO in the raw mix as limestone, reduces the emission by 8 kg CO2 per Mg of clinker. The reduction of CO2 emissions was evaluated and confirmed by industrial production trial. Clinker was produced using raw materials containing carbide lime or limestone fly ash. The results of the trial showed, that the use of 2%÷5% of Bełchatów calcareous fl y ash in the composition of the raw mix, allows of reducing the emission by 4.0÷10.3 kg of CO2 per Mg of Portland clinker. The use of 2%÷5% of carbide lime in the composition of the raw mix leads to emission reduction by 9.5÷23.9 kg of CO2 per Mg of Portland clinker. On the other hand, the development of composite cement production with a large amount of industrial by-products, seems to be the basic solution for the coming years, allowing a significant reduction of CO2 emission in the cement industry and in the concrete production.
Experimental and numerical study of fiber reinforced concrete beams in four-point bending
Authors: Tuğrul Erdem R
Published: January 2023

In this study, the behavior of concrete beams with and without fiber was investigated. In the experimental part, a total of 16 beam specimens were manufactured having different section sizes. 12 specimens were reinforced with synthetic fibers, that provide toughness, impact, and fatigue strength to concrete. The fiber ratios of the samples varied between 0% and 0.20% by mass. The samples were subjected to a four-point bending test to obtain the maximum load and displacement values, until they reached the failure modes. Subsequently, the beam samples were modelled in the Abacus finite element analysis software. Due to the comparison of experimental and numerical values and stress distributions of the specimens, it is seen that numerical analysis could be an option when investigating the behavior of beams with different dimensions in four-point bending.
Mechanical performance of engineered cementitious composites developed with different modulus fibers
Authors: Krishnaraja A.R. , Harihanandh M , Anandakumar S.
Published: January 2023

In this study, an effort was taken to progress the performance of Engineered Cementitious Composites [ECC] mix, by incorporating two different fibers. Five different proportions were subjected to investigation, in this three different proportions were developed with single fiber with 2.0% volume fraction, other two proportions were with two types of fibers. Hybrid ECC proportions were organized through the mixture of low-modulusfibers [poly(vinyl alcohol) fiber] and high-modulus fibers [steel and glassfibers]. Three proportions were made with metallic, glassfiber and poly vinyl alcohol fiber. The hybridation proportions were made with a 2/3 fraction of poly vinyl alcohol fiber and 1/3 fraction of the metal fiber in 2.0% of volume fraction and accompanied with poly vinyl alcoholfiber 2/3 fraction and 1/3 fraction of glass fiber. This procedure has a good rate of success in tensile and bending behavior of ECC mix. From this effort, it was concluded that poly(vinyl alcohol) fiber 2/3 fraction and 1/3 fraction of glass fiber in 2.0% volume fraction, displayed reasonable traits.
Experimental investigation on influence of hybrid fibers in flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Shanthi Vengadeshwari R. , Jagannatha Reddy H.N. , Prabhakara R.
Published: January 2023

Addition of fiber is a promising solution, to enhance the flexural behaviour of reinforced cement concrete [RCC] beams. It improves the peak load, ductility and energy absorption characteristics of RCC. Ineffective mono fibers in the concrete perform very effective, when combined through the hybridization and contribute towards the strength. Fiber hybridization offers appreciable improvement in fresh and hardened properties of concrete. To achieve optimum performance, synergetic effect of fibers is more important. Incorporation of two fibers in concrete matrix, bridges the cracks effectively. Hence to investigate the effect fiber hybridization in the flexural performance, RCC beams were cast, experimented and the results were compared with the control beams. In the present study, it is intended to evaluate and compare the impact of steel and basalt fibers in mono form and hybrid form, on the flexural parameters such as first crack load, load response behaviour, ductility, crack width and flexural strength of RCC beams. To evaluate the mechanical properties of M40 grade fiber reinforced concrete, volume fractions chosen were 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%. Comparatively addition of basalt fibers with steel fibers, improves synergetic response to a considerable extent. From overall assessment of the mechanical properties, it was established that the combination of basalt and steel fibers at 0.25% and 0.75% respectively, produced optimum results. Optimum volume fraction of fibers identified is used in the casting of RCC beams. Wherever possible, flexural parameters were cross checked, with Indian Standards.
Specifi city of precast fl oor design, on the example of the hollow-care slabs
Authors: Derkowski Wit , Jezierski Miłosz
Published: January 2023

Precast floors are gaining more and more popularity in modern construction, mainly due to their fast realization. However, the provisions of standards regarding floor design are often ambiguous and sometimes questionable. The article discusses selected issues of HC slabs design, which often pose problems in practice, with references to relevant scientific research in this field. Particular attention was paid to the principles of distribution of the concentrated load on adjacent slabs in the floor field, openings in the floors, support conditions and taking into account the slab function as an element of a floor.
The role of precast concrete in architecture
Authors: Borek Przemysław , Szulc Ligia
Published: January 2023

Technological progress in construction is manifested in both industrialization of construction projects and in the production of high-quality precast elements in complex architectural projects. The production process requires detailed preparation. It begins at the design stage of the facility, which is the most important part of the implementation process. There was a significant change in the time-consuming execution of the technical design of the facility, in relation to the production of precast elements and especially the implementation of the facility itself. Production and project management are carried out thanks to BIM technology, which supports not only the production process but also the phase of its operation. The technical documentation takes into account both the modularity of the wall and ceiling elements, as well as the physical, chemical, and visual parameters of the concrete of individual prefabricated elements. Therefore, the technical drawings of the facilities must be prepared taking into account the close cooperation of builders and architects.
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete [AAC] in sustainable construction
Authors: Dauksza Piotr
Published: January 2023

The problem of global warming and its effects affect all inhabitants of our planet Earth. The building materials sector in particular feels responsible for taking responsible measures to slow down this process and greenhouse gas emissions. The article presents information on the activities undertaken in the autoclaved aerated concrete industry, aimed at reducing the impact of its activities on the natural environment.
Perceived Online Social Support, Internet Addiction, and Psychological Wellbeing among University students
Authors: Jehangir Wajiha
Published: January 2023

This study aims to explore the relationship between perceived online social support, internet addiction, and psychological well-being among university students. A sample of 250 university students from different universities in Lahore was included in this study. A purposive sampling strategy was used to collect survey data using internationally standardized tools. Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Hierarchical Linear Regression results showed that two subscales of perceived online social support, friends, and family, had a significant positive relationship with psychological well-being among university students. Among predictors, the current level of the semester and one subscale of perceived online social support- family, emerged as a significant positive predictor of psychological well-being among university students. The study concludes that family and friends are integral to the psychological well-being of university students and interventions must be planned to ensure that university students living far from home and those with excessive workloads have sufficient online and offline time with family and friends for mental health and well-being. Keywords: Online social support, internet addiction, psychological well-being, resilience, university students.
Quality of Sleep Among Shift Work Nurses at the Baguio General Hospital: A Pilot Cross - Sectional Study
Authors: Andaya Kathrynne Endenna
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTObjective: The primary objective of this study was to determine the quality of sleep among 12- hour shift-work nurses at the Baguio General Hospital using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Methods: This was a preliminary cross-sectional study with a primary endpoint of assessing the sleep quality of the participants using the PSQI. The association of sleep quality with individual and work factors was also determined.

Design:Cross - Sectional Study

Setting:Tertiary Government Training Hospital 

Patient:154 12-hour shiftwork nurses

Results: The majority (88.96%) of the participants self-reported having poor sleep quality. Among the components of the PSQI, current shift was significantly associated with habitual sleep efficiency (Fisher exact test p < .049). No significant associations were found between demographic characteristics and PSQI Global score, with most respondents having poor sleep quality regardless of participant characteristics.

Conclusion: Majority of nurses working in 12-hour shifts had poor sleep quality. Night shift nurses had higher habitual sleep efficiency scores compared to day shift nurses indicating that those working in the night shift had poorer habitual sleep efficiency.
The Complete and Two-Turn Cochlear Duct Length Among Filipinos
Authors: Kasilag, MD Raiza Michaella , Aquino-Diaz Kathrina
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTObjective: This study aims to measure the complete and two-turn cochlear duct lengths in a Filipino population using archived CT scan images.

Methods:

Design: Retrospective Review of Records

Setting:Tertiary Government Training Hospital

Participants: CT Scan Images of 255 patients

Cochlear images of patients who underwent cranial, facial, orbital, paranasal sinus and temporal bone CT scans from January 2019 to December 2019 were analyzed. Coronal oblique images from 3D multiplanar reconstructions were obtained and a single linear measurement (‘A’ value) was used as the spiral coefficient to calculate the complete cochlear duct length (CDL) and two- turn length (2TL).

Results: A total of 510 cochlear images were obtained from the CT scan images of 255 subjects (143 males, 112 females aged 1 to 81 years; mean age = 47 years). The mean ‘A’ value was 8.81 mm (SD = 0.20). The mean complete cochlear duct length was 32.68 mm (31.01 mm – 35.50 mm; SD = 0.834) while the mean two-turn cochlear duct length was 29.61 mm (28.14 mm – 32.08 mm; SD = 0.732). The complete and two-turn cochlear duct lengths in males were found to be significantly longer than in females (p = .001). No significant difference was found between cochlear measurements for left and right ears.

Conclusion: The mean complete cochlear duct length among Filipinos in our study measures 32.68 mm while the mean two-turn cochlear duct length measures 29.61mm. Both complete and two-turn cochlear duct lengths were longer among Filipino males than among females.
A New Extraoral Closed Reduction Technique for Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation: A Preliminary Case Series
Authors: Sangalang Marice , Gansatao Fatima , Dizon Alfred Peter Justine , Onofre-Telan Rubiliza
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTObjective: This study aims to describe a new extraoral technique for reducing bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocations.

Methods:

Design: Retrospective Preliminary Case Series

Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital

Participants: Ten (10) adults with bilateral TMJ dislocation

Results: Ten patients, 7 males and 3 females with median age of 35.50 (IQR:21.25 [23.50, 44.75]) years old were included in our series. Seven had more than one previous episode of TMJ dislocation, and the dislocation spontaneously occurred while yawning or eating in six patients. Our new technique resulted in complete bilateral reduction in three patients who had first-episode TMJ dislocations but only in four out of seven with previous dislocation. The three others (two partial, unilateral failure of reduction and one complete failure of reduction) needed conventional extraoral reduction (Hippocratic technique).

Conclusion: This new extraoral technique may show promising preliminary results in the management of temporomandibular joint dislocation, but a larger trial in comparison with other techniques is needed.
Contents Vol. 37 No.2 July-December 2022
Authors: Philipp J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
Published: January 2023

EDITORIAL

4

Truth and Transparency, Compromise and Climate Change

Lapeña JFF

 

GUEST EDITORIAL

6

COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent Action Needed for Africa and the World

Atwoli L, Erhabor GE, Gbakima AA, Haileamlak, A, Kayembe Ntumba JM, Kigera J, Laybourn-Langton L, Mash R, Muhia J, Mulaudzi FM, Ofori-Adjei D, Okonofua F, Rashidian A, El-Adawy M, Sidibé S, Snouber A, Tumwine J, Yassien MS, Yonga P, Zakhama L, Zielinski C

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

8

Hearing and Clinical Otologic Profile of Filipinos Living in Southern Tagalog Region IV-A (CALABARZON), Philippines: The Southern Tagalog ENT Hearing Specialists (STENTS) Survey 2012-2017

Pardo PJM, Niñal-Vilog A, Acuin JM, Calaquian CME, Onofre- Telan RDC

16

The Complete and Two-Turn Cochlear Duct Length Among Filipinos

Kasilag RMA, Aquino-Diaz K

20

Quality of Life Among SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Positive Patients with Anosmia Using the Short Version Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders - Negative Statements Translated in Filipino (sQOD-NS Ph)

Mallari-Bernarte A, Cruz ETS

26

Quality of Sleep Among Shift Work Nurses at the Baguio General Hospital: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study

Andaya KES

30

Initial Outcomes of Endoscopic CO2 Laser Posterior Cordectomy and Partial Arytenoidectomy Among Patients with Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis: A Case Series

Velasco KJS, de la Cruz APC, Carrillo RJD, Madrid DAD

34

A New Extraoral Closed Reduction Technique for Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation: A Preliminary Case Series

Sangalang MB, Gansatao FM, Dizon APJE, Onofre-Telan RDC

 

CASE REPORTS

38 Airway Obstruction from Intralaryngeal Extension of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in an Elderly Man: A Case Report

Contreras GS, Lingan MB

42

Multifocal Tuberculosis Presenting as Mandibular Swelling in a 3-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report

Yambot KKK, Peñaflor NAI

SURGICAL INNOVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION

46

A Makeshift Blue Light Filter for Endoscopic Identification of Traumatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Using Fluorescein Edora BDE, Chua RU,

Estolano PJL

FEATURED GRAND ROUNDS

50

Hearing Loss from S. Suis Meningitis in a Middle-Aged Couple

Martinez NV, Hosojima MS

 

FROM THE VIEWBOX

53

Can I Diagnose a Vestibular Schwannoma Using Non-Contrast Imaging?

Yang NW

 

UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

55

Intercalated Duct Adenoma of the Parotid Gland

Aquino JB, Carnate JM

 

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

57

Otitic Hydrocephalus or Obstructive Hydrocephalus?

Yang NW

 

58

Response from the Authors

Plumo CGT, Cruz ETS

 

CAPTOONS

60

Doknet’s World

Billones WU
SERUM ANTIBODIES AGAINST GroEL AS AN ADDITIONAL RISK BIOMARKER OF BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMYSERUM ANTIBODIES AGAINST GroEL AS AN ADDITIONAL RISK BIOMARKER OF BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY
Authors: Grygorenko V. , Afanasiev Ye. , Danylets R. , Vikarchuk M. , Shulyak O.
Published: January 2023

Background: The level of heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) is elevated in tumor cells compared with normal prostate epithelium. Hsp60 is involved in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis and is considered as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Aim: To study the level of antibodies against prokaryotic homolog of human Hsp60 (GroEL) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients as an additional risk marker for the prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP). Patients and Methods: A total of 55 patients with localized and locally advanced PCa, who had undergone RP between July 2013 and May 2014 were enrolled. Level of antibodies to GroEL and human Hsp60 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before surgery. Serum samples of blood donors with low reactivity to GroEL and human Hsp60 were used as controls. The relationship between IgG antibodies against bacterial Hsp60 and human Hsp60 and clinicopathological features were analyzed. The biochemical recurrence (BCR) free survival rate was estimated by the Kaplan — Meier method. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to evaluate the risk factors of BCR-free survival rate. Results: There were significant differences in anti-GroEL IgG levels between control and PCa patients while no significant differences in anti-human Hsp60 IgG levels between control and PCa patients were detected. During the follow-up period, 40/55 (72.7%) patients developed BCR. The time from surgery to BCR was from 18 to 72 months. Elevated IgG antibodies against bacterial Hsp60 in patients who had undergone RP were associated with early occurrence of biochemical relapse and lower 5-year BCR-free survival rate respectively (p < 0.001). The multivariate analysis indicated that IgG to GroEL (hazard ratio = 2.465; 95% confidence interval: 1.311–4.634, p < 0.05) could be independent prognostic factor in the patients who had developed BCR. Conclusion: Elevated levels of IgG antibodies against GroEL before surgery can predict early occurrence of BCR after RP and can serve as an additional independent risk biomarker of a BCR after RP.
EXPRESSION OF miRNA AS PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF RENAL CELL CARCINOMA COURSE
Authors: Vitruk Yu. , Borikun T. , Rossylna O. , Zadvornyi T. , Semko S. , Voylenko O. , Stakhovsky O. , Shipko A. , Stakhovsky E.
Published: January 2023

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common solid tumors in adults. There is a lack of reliable prognostic and predictive biomarkers for RCC course. Dysregulation of miRNAs expression has been reported to be involved in RCC progression. However, the data on miRNAs expression patterns in tumors are controversial. Aim: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of miR-99b, -144, -155, -210, -222, -302а, -377 in RCC ex vivo. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of the expression levels of miRNAs -99b, -144, -155, -210, -222, -302а, -377 in tumor tissue of 126 patients with clear cell RCC was performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Overexpression of miR-99b, -222, -302a and low levels of miR-155 in RCC tissues were significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (p < 0.05). In majority of patients with distant metastases (> 60%), high levels of miR-99b and 377 were detected (p < 0.05). High/low miR-99b, -144, -155, -210, -222, and -302a ratio was significantly associated with Fuhrman grade of tumors. Conclusion: Aberrant expression of miR-99b, -144, -155, -210, -222, -302а, -377 is strongly associated with advanced RCC, and panel of these miRNAs may be a useful prognostic marker for RCC course.
EXPRESSION OF CHEMOKINE (C-C MOTIF) RECEPTOR 7 IN PROSTATE CANCER TISSUE OF YOUNG PATIENTS AND IN METASTATIC CANCER CELLS
Authors: Parra-Medina R. , Payán-Gómez C. , Acosta-Vega N.L. , Ramírez-Clavijo S.
Published: January 2023

Background: Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 (CCR7) is a chemokine receptor involved in the carcinogenesis of several types of tumors due to its promoting action in epithelial-mesenchymal transition events, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. However, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Aim: To evaluate CCR7 expression by immunohistochemistry in prostate tumors from young patients and to determine the possible relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics. Materials and Methods: We analyzed retrospectively paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 23 young PCa (≤ 55 years old) patients and evaluated the transcriptomic expression in the TCGA database. Results: Expression of CCR7 was observed in 15 cases (65%). The tissue samples from younger patients (≤ 50 years) were mostly positive in 72.7% (8/11) of cases. High grade GS (≥ 3) tumors were CCR7-positive in 71% cases. The malignant cells present in lymph nodes were CCR7 positive in 100% cases. The bioinformatic analysis showed a high CCR7 expression associated with the presence of metastasis (FC = 2.6, p = 0.03) in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PCa cohort (PRAD). Conclusion: We showed that CCR7 expression in tumors from young patients is associated with the early onset of the disease and could also be related to lymph node metastasis.
SYNCHRONOUS HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA AND HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Starchenko I.I. , Filenko B.M. , Royko N.V. , Kornilova I.V. , Vynnyk N.I.
Published: January 2023

Multiple primary malignant tumors are characterized by independent occurrence and development of two or more malignant neoplasms in the same patient. We present an extremely rare case of synchronous double primary malignancies, hairy cell leukemia and hepatocellular carcinoma with lethal outcome. Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was difficult due to the presence of lymphoproliferative disease, which complicated the visualization of the process using ultrasonography. Carcinomatous emboli of hepatocellular carcinoma in small pulmonary arteries without the formation of metastatic foci have led to clinical manifestations typical of pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension and severe respiratory failure. In lymphoproliferative diseases it is necessary to take into account the possibility of the development of another malignant neoplasm, which can be “buried” by tumor infiltration.
TREATMENT OPTION TO THE FERTILITY-SPARING RADICAL TRACHELECTOMY AFTER NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL CANCER WITH TUMOR SIZE >2CM
Authors: Shipko A. , Renkas O. , Svintsitskyi V. , Pryimak V. , Movchan O.
Published: January 2023

Radical trachelectomy combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) has been used to treat early stage cervical cancer patients who wish to preserve their fertility. But vaginal, abdominal, laparoscopic, and robotic approaches used for radical trachelectomy with pelvic PLND cause peritoneal damage, which could result in periadnexal adhesion. Here, we propose the neoadjuvant platinum based chemotherapy (NACT) with the vaginal radical trachelectomy with retroperitoneal PLND as a fertility-preserving option for early stage cervical cancer patients. VRT with retroperitoneal PLND was performed in three women with FIGO 2018 stage IB2 and IIA1 cervical cancers. In all three patients, complete response was achieved without causing any intraoperative and severe postoperative complications. NACT for fertility sparing treatment is an innovative approach, which is potentially quite interesting for many young women affected by cervical cancer with the tumor size >2 cm. Vaginal radical trachelectomy with retroperitoneal PLND can be safely performed and peritoneal damage, which can cause periadnexal adhesion, could be avoided. We consider that this surgical approach and NACT may be a good treatment option for women with cervical cancer who wish to preserve their fertility.
ROLE OF RADIOPROTECTORS IN MINIMIZATION OF STOCHASTIC EFFECTS OF RADIATION INCIDENTS
Authors: Domina E.A. , Kopylenko O.L.
Published: January 2023

The real threat of emergency situations in Ukraine dictates the need to take into account the experience of previous radiation accidents, during which a significant part of the population was exposed to low-dose radiation. In such a case clinical manifestations of irradiation were mostly absent, while the danger of stochastic (carcinogenic) effects remained. Therefore, at present, the strategy of radiation protection of the population should be aimed at revising and choosing effective and low-toxic anti-radiation means. The main criterion for the development of stochastic consequences of exposure is radiation-induced genome instability, which is a promoter of carcinogenesis. The use of radiomitigators, which are able to weaken the harmful effect of ionizing radiation on critical highly radiosensitive systems of the human body, is promising. Our research showed the radiomitigative effect of inosine in cultured human T-lymphocytes on the genetic level with the significant decrease in the frequency of gamma-induced chromosome aberrations. The results experimentally justified an expediency of use of radiomitigators in the conditions of an emergency situation to minimize the occurrence and development of stochastic effects in population.
EXPRESSION OF ALPHA-SMOOTH MUSCLE ACTIN IN ODONTOGENIC CYSTS AND TUMORS
Authors: Ahmad Malik Ajaz , Gupta Anish Ashok , Mhaske Shubhangi Ashok , Saawarn Swati , Ashok Sahana , Mandora Dakshata , Jain Megha
Published: January 2023

Background: Odontogenic cysts and tumors exhibit different degrees of aggressiveness in their biological behavior. There has been evidence that the presence of myofibroblasts (MFs) at the invasion front promotes tumor invasion. Our study is based on the fact that MFs are important in the biological behavior of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Aim: To assess immunohistochemically expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) of MFs in odontogenic cysts and tumors and correlate this expression to their biological behavior. Materials and Methods: The archival tissues collected for 1.5 years were obtained from the Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, People’s Dental Academy, Bhopal (India). A total of 40 cases consisting of 10 cases each of odontogenic keratocysts, radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts and ameloblastomas formed the study group. An immunohistochemical analysis of α-SMA expression and localization was carried out. Results: Mean MF counts were the highest in odontogenic keratocysts which was followed by ameloblastomas, entigerous cysts and radicular cysts. Weak α-SMA-expression was found in 50% of cases, moderate in 22.5% of cases, and intense — in 10% cases. MFs were arranged in the spindle, focal, or network patterns in 35; 27.5 and 20% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: The analysis revealed that the MFs were distinctly heterogeneous in distribution and pattern of arrangement. This provided persuasive evidence that stroma of these lesions harbor MFs as reflected by α-SMA immunopositive cells.
HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA KONSEP VIRUS
Authors: Azizah Gina Luthfi , Hernawati Diana , Putra Rinaldi Rizal
Published: January 2023

Kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh peserta didik pada abad 21 ini antara lain mencakup berpikir kritis, kreatif, kolaboratif, dan komunikatif. Kemampuan berpikir kritis sangat penting dimiliki oleh setiap orang (khususnya peserta didik) karena memberikan pengaruh positif baik dalam kegiatan akademik maupun sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan hasil belajar peserta didik pada konsep virus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Pangandaran Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Metode dalam penelitian ini ialah korelasional. Populasi seluruh kelas X MIPA sebanyak 7 kelas dan sampel sebanyak 1 kelas berjumlah 37 peserta didik sebagai partisipan dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah berpikir kritis sebanyak 19 soal yang berbentuk uraian dan hasil belajar sebanyak 38 soal berbentuk pilihan ganda pada konsep virus. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi pearson product moment dengan taraf signifikansi (5%). Sebelum analisis data dilakukan terlebih dahulu uji normalitas dan uji linearitas sebagai uji prasyarat analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan antara kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan hasil belajar peserta didik (R=0,337; R2 =0,114) artinya terdapat kontribusi kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik sebesar 11,4%.
PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH LABORATORIUM BIOLOGI SMA DI KABUPATEN BANTUL, D.I. YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wulandari Shely Dwi , Ghoida Siti Najah , Pangastuti Syifa , Ni'mah Ulfatun , Basri Frida Nora Ayu , Saifuddin Much. Fuad , Puspitasari Etika Dyah
Published: January 2023

Limbah laboratorium biologi berasal dari percobaan atau praktikum dalam bentuk padat dan cair. Limbah padat pada laboratorium biologi biasanya berupa kertas atau endapan yang masih dengan mudah teratasi. Sedangkan limbah cair, biasanya tidak menggunakan bahan/reagen yang berbahaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengelolaan limbah di laboratorium biologi SMA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah secara deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun pelajaran 2021/2022 di SMA Negeri Kabupaten Bantul, D. I. Yogyakarta, yaitu SMA Negeri 1 Pleret, SMA Negeri 1 Jetis, dan SMA Negeri 1 Kasihan. Hasil wawancara dengan laboran sekolah dideskripsikan secara kualitatif dan dokumentasi dilakukan untuk mendukung data yang telah diperoleh, sedangkan hasil observasi dilakukan secara kuantitatif dalam persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengelolaan limbah laboratorium biologi di ketiga sekolah dapat dikategorikan dengan sangat baik dengan total persentase penilaian tidak kurang dari 90%. Penilaian dalam pengelolaan limbah laboratorium biologi hanya pada pengelolaan limbah padat dan pengelolaan limbah cair saja dikarenakan ketiga sekolah tidak menggunakan bahan-bahan yang berbahaya (B3) dalam melaksanakan praktikum. Meskipun demikian, limbah yang dihasilkan dari praktikum tetap memerlukan pengelolaan khusus. Biological laboratory waste comes from experiments or practicum in solid and liquid form. Solid waste in a biology laboratory is usually paper or sludge, which is still easily resolved. Meanwhile, liquid waste usually does not use hazardous materials/reagents. This study aimed to determine waste management in  high school biology laboratory.The method used in this research was descriptive with data collection techniques in the form of interview, observation and documentation. The research was conducted in the 2021/2022 school year at SMA Negeri Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, namely SMA Negeri 1 Pleret, SMA Negeri 1 Jetis, dan SMA Negeri 1 Kasihan. The results of interviews with school laboratory assistants were described qualitatively and documentation was carried out to support the data that had been obtained, while the results of observations were carried out quantitatively in percentages.The results showed that the management of biological laboratory waste in the three schools could be categorized very well with a total percentage of not less than 90%. Assessment in the management of biological laboratory waste was only on solid and liquid waste management because the three schools did not use hazardous materials in carrying out practicums. Even so, the waste generated from the practicum still requires special management.
5-Stage Single Phase Inverter Using Photovoltaic (PV) For Electrical System Application
Authors: Pujianto Eko Yoyok , Pratomo Leonardus Heru
Published: January 2023

Pembangkit listrik tenaga surya dengan mengaplikasikan Photovoltaic (PV) sebagai sarana konversi energi merupakan salah satu bentuk dari energi terbarukan. Agar didapatkan daya yang maksimal dibutuhkan konverter DC-DC dengan algoritma maximum power point tracker (MPPT), sehingga sistem perlu diintegrasikan menjadi satu. Integrasi tersebut dikenal dengan istilah konversi dua tahap. Kendala yang dihadapi adalah konverter 5-tingkat satu fasa lazim diaplikasikan dengan memakai konverter daya empat lengan, dimana pada masing-masing lengannya ada dua buah saklar daya. Hal tersebut akan menyebabkan sistem pensaklaran yang tinggi, tapis dan stress tegangan yang besar. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai inverter yang memanfaatkan 5-level inverter. Inverter 5-tingkat yang diteliti memanfaatkan metode sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) sebagai pengendali inverter. Sistem kendali dan pensaklaran dengan memanfaatkan mikrokontroler jenis STM32F407. Verifikasi memakai software PSIM dan implementasi perangkat keras. Dari hasil pengujian dengan metode yang telah dilaksanakan mampu memperoleh arus dan tegangan keluaran inverter 5-tingkat dengan nilai THD arus 4,38%.
On the application of biometrics in anthropology and the main tasks of science
Authors:   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str., 40, Moscow, Russia, 119991, Passekov Vladimir Petrovich
Published: January 2023

The task of biometrics in anthropology is to describe and analyze the random variability inherent in a person as an object of study. At the modern time, multivariate biometric models are widely used for this, in which it is assumed that the observed quantitative organism traits are expressed as weighted sums of latent random factors (for example, principal component analysis, factor and discriminant analyses, canonical variables, etc.). The given assumption is consistent with the existence of general and specific biological factors-causes that determine the organism traits. Since the main task of science is to study the laws of cause-and-effect in nature, it is important to analyze the relationship between statistical and causal dependences. Results and discussion. Statistical factors obtained as a result of data processing (such as the general size, shape, etc.) in the general case not only disagree with the causal factors, but may even contradict them. It is shown that the statistical coefficients of correlation, regression, and covariance, even in the simplest case of two traits randomly varying under the influence of one common cause and several specific factors, can take on infinitely many values under the same causal relationship, and with the same statistical pattern of variability, there are infinitely many causal explanations it. Conclusions. Interpretation in relation to the cause-and-effect patterns of trait determination and other causal conclusions should not follow from the results of the application of one-dimensional and multidimensional biometric models that use the indicated statistical coefficients as input data.
The first confirmed record of Pomatoschistus marmoratus
(Risso, 1810) (Actinopterygii: Gobiiformes: Gobiidae)
from Malta
Authors: Kovačić Marcelo , Falzon Mark-Anthony
Published: January 2023

The first confirmed record of Pomatoschistus marmoratus (Risso, 1810) is reported from Malta. The gobiid species richness of Malta and the geographic distribution of this species are discussed.
Legal regulation of the budget process under the conditions of marital state
Authors: Tokarieva K. O.
Published: January 2023

The presented publication analyzes the budget process under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine and its legal support. It is argued that the budget process in modern conditions is characterized by such features as: systematicity, cyclicality, legal character, stagedness. Budget process as a set of systematic, consistent and interdependent actions is implemented by relevant entities. In particular, we are talking about the participants in the budget process, the list of which is fixed in the prescriptions of the budget legislation (part 3 of article 19 of the BC of Ukraine). It is noted that such a list is not complete and does not take into account all participants in the budget process, especially those whose activities are related to the limited management of budget funds.

It is emphasized that since the beginning of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the budget legislation has undergone significant changes. This characteristic of the budget process can be clearly demonstrated on specific examples. The signs of the budget process are determined. It has been established that the budget process and the legislative process are not identical. The features of the functioning of the reserve fund of the state budget in modern conditions are considered. It is argued that in order to ensure the effective functioning of the fund of inland waterways, formed as part of the special fund of the state budget, proper legal regulation is necessary. In particular, it refers to the adoption of the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine “On approval of the Procedure for the allocation of funds of the state fund of inland waterways” as an important prerequisite for the functioning of the specified fund.