bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pole-Like Objects Segmentation and Multiscale Classification-Based Fusion from Mobile Point Clouds in Road Scenes
Authors: Wang Ziyang , Yang Lin , Sheng Yehua , Shen Mi
Published: November 2021

Real-time acquisition and intelligent classification of pole-like street-object point clouds are of great significance in the construction of smart cities. Efficient point cloud processing technology in road scenes can accelerate the development of intelligent transportation and promote the development of high-precision maps. However, available algorithms have the problems of incomplete extraction and the low recognition accuracy of pole-like objects. In this paper, we propose a segmentation method of pole-like objects under geometric structural constraints. As for classification, we fused the classification results at different scales with each other. First, the point cloud data excluding ground point clouds were divided into voxels, and the rod-shaped parts of the pole-like objects were extracted according to the vertical continuity. Second, the regional growth based on the voxel was carried out based on the rod part to retain the non-rod part of the pole-like objects. A one-way double coding strategy was adopted to preserve the details. For spatial overlapping entities, we used multi-rule supervoxels to divide them. Finally, the random forest model was used to classify the pole-like objects based on local- and global-scale features and to fuse the double classification results under the different scales in order to obtain the final result. Experiments showed that the proposed method can effectively extract the pole-like objects of the point clouds in the road scenes, indicating that the method can achieve high-precision classification and identification in the lightweight data. Our method can also bring processing inspiration for large data.
Hardware Implementation of the CCSDS 123.0-B-2 Near-Lossless Compression Standard Following an HLS Design Methodology
Authors: Barrios Yubal , Sánchez Antonio , Guerra Raúl , Sarmiento Roberto
Published: November 2021

The increment in the use of high-resolution imaging sensors on-board satellites motivates the use of on-board image compression, mainly due to restrictions in terms of both hardware (computational and storage resources) and downlink bandwidth with the ground. This work presents a compression solution based on the CCSDS 123.0-B-2 near-lossless compression standard for multi- and hyperspectral images, which deals with the high amount of data acquired by these next-generation sensors. The proposed approach has been developed following an HLS design methodology, accelerating design time and obtaining good system performance. The compressor is comprised by two main stages, a predictor and a hybrid encoder, designed in Band-Interleaved by Line (BIL) order and optimized to achieve a trade-off between throughput and logic resources utilization. This solution has been mapped on a Xilinx Kintex UltraScale XCKU040 FPGA and targeting AVIRIS images, reaching a throughput of 12.5 MSamples/s and consuming only the 7% of LUTs and around the 14% of dedicated memory blocks available in the device. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fully-compliant hardware implementation of the CCSDS 123.0-B-2 near-lossless compression standard available in the state of the art.
Deep/Transfer Learning with Feature Space Ensemble Networks (FeatSpaceEnsNets) and Average Ensemble Networks (AvgEnsNets) for Change Detection Using DInSAR Sentinel-1 and Optical Sentinel-2 Satellite Data Fusion
Authors: Karim Zainoolabadien , van Zyl Terence L.
Published: November 2021

Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR), coherence, phase, and displacement are derived from processing SAR images to monitor geological phenomena and urban change. Previously, Sentinel-1 SAR data combined with Sentinel-2 optical imagery has improved classification accuracy in various domains. However, the fusing of Sentinel-1 DInSAR processed imagery with Sentinel-2 optical imagery has not been thoroughly investigated. Thus, we explored this fusion in urban change detection by creating a verified balanced binary classification dataset comprising 1440 blobs. Machine learning models using feature descriptors and non-deep learning classifiers, including a two-layer convolutional neural network (ConvNet2), were used as baselines. Transfer learning by feature extraction (TLFE) using various pre-trained models, deep learning from random initialization, and transfer learning by fine-tuning (TLFT) were all evaluated. We introduce a feature space ensemble family (FeatSpaceEnsNet), an average ensemble family (AvgEnsNet), and a hybrid ensemble family (HybridEnsNet) of TLFE neural networks. The FeatSpaceEnsNets combine TLFE features directly in the feature space using logistic regression. AvgEnsNets combine TLFEs at the decision level by aggregation. HybridEnsNets are a combination of FeatSpaceEnsNets and AvgEnsNets. Several FeatSpaceEnsNets, AvgEnsNets, and HybridEnsNets, comprising a heterogeneous mixture of different depth and architecture models, are defined and evaluated. We show that, in general, TLFE outperforms both TLFT and classic deep learning for the small dataset used and that larger ensembles of TLFE models do not always improve accuracy. The best performing ensemble is an AvgEnsNet (84.862%) comprised of a ResNet50, ResNeXt50, and EfficientNet B4. This was matched by a similarly composed FeatSpaceEnsNet with an F1 score of 0.001 and variance of 0.266 less. The best performing HybridEnsNet had an accuracy of 84.775%. All of the ensembles evaluated outperform the best performing single model, ResNet50 with TLFE (83.751%), except for AvgEnsNet 3, AvgEnsNet 6, and FeatSpaceEnsNet 5. Five of the seven similarly composed FeatSpaceEnsNets outperform the corresponding AvgEnsNet.
A Network Approach to Revealing Dynamic Succession Processes of Urban Land Use and User Experience
Authors: Lee Minjin , Kim Hangil , Cheon SangHyun
Published: November 2021

One significant challenge to understanding the mechanisms of urban retail areas’ transition is limited data to trace a dynamic perspective of influential actors’ experience in an extended urban area. We overcome this gap by employing text mining to collect big text data from online blogs and propose a methodology to explore the dynamic spatial transformations and interactions across multiple adjacent retail areas. We study five retail areas that currently function as a major commercial hub in Seoul—the Hongdae area and its neighboring districts. We create co-occurrence networks of the text data to capture representative place images and user experiences. Our blog-word networks systematically capture the “invasion-succession” process in land-use transition during the commercialization of Hongdae’s neighboring districts. The process mirrors the history of spatial change in the areas, which once formed a small-scale, bohemian hip neighborhood that incubated indie culture and has now fully commercialized as a global tourist attraction. The commercial transition triggered by Hongdae’s cultural capital peaked with consumer experiences of “food and eating” dominating the whole area. Finally, the text networks signal gentrification in each commercial district near Hongdae, contributing to the current discourse on commercial gentrification by adding consumers’ perspectives.
Impact of Entrepreneurial Leadership and Bricolage on Job Security and Sustainable Economic Performance: An Empirical Study of Croatian Companies during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alsharif Hussain Zaid H , Shu Tong , Obrenovic Bojan , Godinic Danijela , Alhujailli Ashraf , Abdullaev Alisher Makhmudovich
Published: November 2021

In the wake of the current socio-economic crisis, discovering an effective strategy for managing uncertainty and successful reallocation of resources became key to ensuring sustainable economic performance. More recent evidence pointed to the entrepreneurial leadership style as an effective means for engaging employees in a more proactive pursuit of organizational goals. This article introduces a novel approach to sustainable economic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic considering entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial bricolage, and job insecurity. The empirical study was performed on a sample of 410 employees from Croatian organizations working in different industries during the COVID outbreak. The study results reveal that entrepreneurial leadership positively impacts sustainable economic performance but does not lead to decreased job insecurity. Expectedly, job insecurity was found to have a negative effect on sustainable economic performance. The results confirmed a positive influence of entrepreneurial bricolage on sustainable economic performance, which is in line with existing literature. However, the moderating effect of entrepreneurial bricolage on the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and job insecurity was not significant. The findings suggest that companies can sustain their performance or even thrive under entrepreneurial leadership. The study lays the groundwork for further investigation on how entrepreneurial leaders can influence followers’ creative self-efficacy to decrease job uncertainty and prevent fear-induced hindrances, such as organizational deviance and turnover intention in the context of the pandemic.
Exploring the Role of Digital Infrastructure Asset Management Tools for Resilient Linear Infrastructure Outcomes in Cities and Towns: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Caldera Savindi , Mostafa Sherif , Desha Cheryl , Mohamed Sherif
Published: November 2021

Linear infrastructure such as roads, railways, bridges and tunnels enable critical functionality within and between metropolitan and regional cities and towns, facilitating the movement of goods and services, as part of vibrant, thriving economies. However, these asset types are typically challenged by costly asset management schedules and continually eroding maintenance and refurbishment budgets. These challenges are compounded by the increasing frequency and intensity of disruptive events such as fire, floods, and storm-surge that can damage or destroy property. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG-9) highlights the urgent need for enabling evidence-based decision making for infrastructure asset management (IAM). Around the world, digital engineering (DE) efforts are underway to streamline the capture, processing, and visualization of data for IAM information requirements, towards timely and evidence-based decision support that enables resilient infrastructure outcomes. However, there is still limited understanding about which IAM information can be digitized and the types of tools that can be used. This study sought to address this knowledge gap, through reviewing the extent of available and emerging linear infrastructure related DE technologies and their IAM information requirements. A systematic literature review elicited 101 relevant conceptual and empirical papers, which were subsequently evaluated with regard to the extent and characteristics of digital infrastructure asset management tools. Findings are discussed using three themes that emerged from the analysis: (1) DE tools and their IAM asset information requirements; (2) Interoperability and integration of DE tools across IAM platforms; and (3) Application of DE tools to enable resilient linear infrastructure outcomes. A ‘Digital Technology Integration Matrix’ is presented as an immediately useful summary for government and industry decision-makers, particularly in the field of disaster management preparedness and recovery. The Matrix communicates the synthesis of tools and likely end-users, to support effective data gathering and processing towards more timely and cost-effective infrastructure asset management. The authors conclude with a research roadmap for academics, including recommendations for future investigation.
The Maturity of Corporate Websites as a Digital Communication Channel in Portuguese SMEs’ Process of Adopting E-Commerce
Authors: García-García Maria , Carrillo-Durán María Victoria , Maia Jose
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the maturity of the websites of Portuguese small and mid-sized enterprises (SMEs) as a basic form of digital communication in the sequential process of incorporation of e-commerce. The starting premise is that there is a relationship between the level of maturity reached in the SMEs’ websites as digital tools that allow firms to communicate effectively, and the adoption of e-commerce. To study this, a representative sample of 381 SMEs located in Portugal and selected through stratified random sampling was analysed. To assess the degree of maturity of the websites, a sequential validation model, the extended model of internet commerce adoption (E-MICA), was applied. This information was crossed with some descriptive variables such as the volume of business, the location, the number of employees, and the sector of activity of the SMEs. The results showed that, in general terms, there predominant websites that limit their interaction to promoting products and services thus present a low level of maturity. While the sector of activity, the volume of income, and the location of the firm are decisive for the maturity of the websites as a form of digital communication in the process of incorporating e-commerce, the number of employees is not.
Building Sustainability Impacts from the Bottom Up: Identifying Sustainability Impacts throughout a Geotechnical Company
Authors: Deamer Luke , Lee Jacquetta , Mulheron Mike , De Waele James
Published: November 2021

Geotechnical contractors install and repair foundations for buildings and large infrastructure projects. Previously, geotechnical companies have typically focused on sustainability improvements on individual construction projects, with a primary focus on improving the environmental sustainability of site operations. However, the activities of geotechnical companies have sustainability impacts far beyond what they do on site. In the context of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), whole company sustainability must also address social and economic sustainability. This paper therefore explores all the processes carried out across a geotechnical company, from human resources through to site operations, assessing their impact against the SDGs using a pedigree matrix approach. Through this investigation, we see that geotechnical companies impact every SDG in some way. There is a strong focus on health and well-being (SDG 4) and economic sustainability (SDG 8) throughout a geotechnical company. Some functions, such as procurement, impact a broad range of SDGs, whilst others, such as HR, mostly only impact social or environmental sustainability. Overall, this approach highlights which processes in each function have the greatest impact on the overall sustainability of the company. It also reveals more sustainability impacts than previous top-down approaches. This means geotechnical contractors can better target sustainability improvements in specific parts of their business, making sustainability relevant to each department. It also aims to empower employees to improve the sustainability of their own day-to-day processes.
Environmental Analysis of the Use of Liquefied Natural Gas in Maritime Transport within the Port Environment
Authors: Gil-Lopez Tomas , Verdu-Vazquez Amparo
Published: November 2021

Sustainable transport is gaining increasing importance in the political agenda. All modes of transport are obliged to reduce their emissions by both national and international governmental bodies, this requirement being even more necessary in the case of ports due to their traffic density and proximity to the city. The objective of this research is to estimate the atmospheric emissions generated during the operational phases, which are carried out close to Spanish ports. Due to its geographical position, Spain benefits from the routes of the Atlantic corridor and Mediterranean corridor belonging to the principal European transport network. The method uses detailed information about ship movements and ship categories (ship type, engine type, fuel type, etc.). From an environmental point of view, the results show that engines powered by Liquefied Natural Gas, compared to traditional fuels, save between 28% in the case of freight ships and 31% for passenger ships in the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere (52 tons per journey). On the other hand, the saving in NOx emissions is reduced by 87%. In addition, SOx emissions are completely eliminated and PM emissions are reduced to negligible values.
Why Do Viewers Engage in Video Game Streaming? The Perspective of Cognitive Emotion Theory and the Moderation Effect of Personal Characteristics
Authors: Xu Xiao-Yu , Niu Wen-Bo , Jia Qing-Dan , Nthoiwa Lebogang , Li Li-Wei
Published: November 2021

Video game streaming (VGS) has attracted millions of users and shown unprecedented growth globally. With technological development, these appealing media have largely influenced the sustainable development of society and the economy. VGS creates a pleasant atmosphere and provides various novel features to please the viewers, induce positive emotions, and facilitate users’ engagement. Integrating several personal characteristics as moderators, this study applied cognitive emotion theory to explore the antecedent of viewers’ engagement in VGS. Using 308 empirical data, the research results reveal that broadcaster attractiveness and the para-social relationship are positively associated with the viewers’ positive emotion, which eventually leads to engagement. In addition, personal characteristics play significant roles as moderators between VGS features and the viewers’ positive emotions. The results provide theoretical implications for VGS research and useful insights for VGS platform managers and policymakers to enable a sustainable profit model and the growth of VGS.
Gender Dissimilarities in Human Capital Transferability of Cuban Immigrants in the US: A Clustering Quantile Regression Coefficients Approach with Consideration of Implications for Sustainability
Authors: Cobas-Valdés Aleida , Fernández-Macho Javier
Published: November 2021

Female participation in the labor market has been increasing over time. Despite the fact that the level of education among women has also increased considerably, the wage gap has not narrowed to the same extent. This dichotomy presents an important challenge that the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals with respect to gender inequities must address. Hispanics constitute the largest minority group in the US, totaling 60.6 million people (18.5% of the total US population in 2020). Cubans make up the third largest group of Hispanic immigrants in the US, representing 5% of workers. This paper analyzes the conditional income distribution of Cuban immigrants in the US using the clustering of effects curves (CEC) technique in a quantile regression coefficients modeling (QRCM) framework to compare the transferability of human capital between women and men. The method uses a flexible quantile regression approach and hierarchical clustering to model the effect of covariates (such as years of education, English proficiency, US citizenship status, and age at time of migration) on hourly earnings. The main conclusion drawn from the QRCM estimations was that being a woman had the strongest negative impact on earnings and was associated with lower wages in all quantiles of the distribution. CEC analysis suggested that educational attainment was included in different clusters for the two groups, which may have indicated that education did not play the same role for men and women in income distribution.
Eco-Productivity Analysis of the Municipal Solid Waste Service in the Apulia Region from 2010 to 2017
Authors: lo Storto Corrado
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a dynamic efficiency study of the solid waste management in the municipalities of the Apulia region (Southern Italy). The study employs the non-parametric Global Malmquist Index to measure the change in productivity of the municipal solid waste service from 2010 to 2017. Three different DEA-based models are implemented to measure productivity. The first model computes the service productivity solely from the economic perspective, while the second and third models compute the service productivity from both the economic and environmental perspectives. Adopting two distinct perspectives provides a more comprehensive insight into the performance of the waste management service considering the productivity and the eco-productivity of service provision. The results from the productivity analysis show that, between 2010 and 2017, the municipal solid waste sector was still facing a transitional period characterized by low cost-efficiency and productivity growth measurements. Vice versa, the efficiency and productivity indicators improve when the analysis is performed accounting for the environmental impact. Indeed, both the eco-efficiency and eco-productivity measures increase from 2010 to 2017. Findings demonstrate the critical importance to include environmental indicators in the efficiency and productivity analysis.
Italian Catacombs and Their Digital Presence for Underground Heritage Sustainability
Authors: Presti Olga Lo , Carli Maria Rosaria
Published: November 2021

The Italian catacombs represent one of the most interesting examples of the country’s underground built heritage. A strategic use of digital technologies can foster their sustainability by providing virtual access to local communities and tourists, as well as by transferring their value to future generations. Referring to a classification of the catacombs of Italy carried out by the Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology of Vatican City, this paper analyzes the digital presence of this heritage within the contexts of social media, video sharing and navigation platforms in institutional and touristic areas. The emerging results show a good digital presence of this cultural heritage on these platforms. At the same time, they reflect an almost total absence of 3D technologies, virtual reconstructions or augmented reality. Only 2 out of 63 catacombs analyzed offer a photographic overview of the sites through the online Google Art and Culture platform, but this is only a small example of what a virtual visit would offer. The following work is based on this notion, as it aims to demonstrate that this type of underground built heritage still has great potential for the valorization and sustainability of these sites through the use of digital technologies. The use of virtual and augmented reality, enhanced by immersive storytelling, would limit the physical wear and tear on the site, making its conservation sustainable in the long term.
Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities
Authors: Muhamad Nor Amal Najihah , Abdul Aziz Hasifah , Nawawi Siti Aisyah , Muhammad Jamil Rohazaini , Abas Muhamad Azahar , Hambali Kamarul Ariffin , Yusoff Abdul Hafidz , Ibrahim Norfadhilah , Rafaai Nur Hairunnisa , Corstanje Ron , Harris Jim , Grafius Darren , Perotto-Baldivieso Humberto L.
Published: November 2021

Globally, rapid urban expansion has caused green spaces in urban areas to decline considerably. In this study, the rapid expansion of three Southeast Asia cities were considered, namely, Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia; and Metro Manila, Philippines. This study evaluates the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of urban areas and green space structure in the three cities over the last two decades. Land use land cover (LULC) maps of the cities (1988/1989, 1999 and 2014) were developed based on 30-m resolution satellite images. The changes in the landscape and spatial structure were analysed using change detection, landscape metrics and statistical analysis. The percentage of green space in the three cities reduced in size from 45% to 20% with the rapid expansion of urban areas over the 25-year period. In Metro Manila and Jakarta, the proportion of green space converted to urban areas was higher in the initial 1989 to 1999 period than over the latter 1999 to 2014 period. Significant changes in green space structure were observed in Jakarta and Metro Manila. Green space gradually fragmented and became less connected and more unevenly distributed. These changes were not seen in Kuala Lumpur City. Overall, the impact of spatial structure of urban areas and population density on green space is higher in Jakarta and Metro Manila when this is compared to Kuala Lumpur. Thus, the results have the potential to clarify the relative contribution of green space structure especially for cities in Southeast Asia where only a few studies in urban areas have taken place.
Empowering the Community or Escape Daily Routine—A Voluntourism Perspective
Authors: Abreu José , Ferreira Marisa R. , Casais Beatriz
Published: November 2021

On the edges of tourism, volunteering, and travel, we find voluntourism with tourists, mainly from high-income countries, looking for an alternative form of travel that promises sustainable development of destinations. The aim of the paper is to explore voluntourism through motivations and impacts, as well as aggregate different volunteers in categories, in order to better understand this phenomenon. The results of a questionnaire answered by 65 international volunteers show seven motivations and a lack of attention on the local projects. More than half of the volunteers are considered to have short participations in projects, considering the destination as a very important aspect, have minimal skills, and have a passive participation, as a minimal direct contribution. Generically, our research may help to highlight and boost the voluntourism experience, creating positive and transformative changes.
Exploring Twitter Discourse around the Use of Artificial Intelligence to Advance Agricultural Sustainability
Authors: Sanders Catherine E. , Mayfield-Smith Kennedy A. , Lamm Alexa J.
Published: November 2021

This paper presents an exploration of public discourse surrounding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture, specifically related to precision agriculture techniques. (1) Advancements in the use of AI have increased its implementation in the agricultural sector, often framed as a sustainable solution for feeding a growing global population. However, lessons learned from previous agricultural innovations indicate that new technologies may face public scrutiny and suspicion, limiting the dissemination of the innovation. Using systems thinking approaches can help to improve the development and dissemination of agricultural innovations and limit the unintended consequences of innovations within society. (2) To analyze the current discourse surrounding AI in agriculture, a content analysis was conducted on Twitter using Meltwater to select tweets with specific reach and engagement. (3) Seven themes resulted from the analysis: precision agriculture and digital technology innovation; transformation and the future of agriculture; accelerate solutions, solve challenges; data management and accessibility; transforming crop management, prioritizing adoption; and AI and sustainability. (4) The discourse on AI in agriculture on Twitter was overwhelmingly positive, failing to account for the potential drawbacks or limits of the innovation. This paper examines the limits of the current communication and outreach across environmental, economic, social, cultural, political, and behavioral contexts.
Teaching Digital Sustainability in Higher Education from a Transdisciplinary Perspective
Authors: Lampoltshammer Thomas J. , Albrecht Valerie , Raith Corinna
Published: November 2021

Sustainability is gaining importance in society, government, and the economy, particularly during today’s rapidly changing environment, due to digitalization and digital transformation. Awareness, as well as systematic and critical thinking, are crucial to address the great societal challenges postulated within the SDGs, and thus should be reflected in contemporary education. Consequently, higher educational institutions face a high level of responsibility to prepare their students properly. Postgraduate programmes for professional training, in particular, have great potential, as the in-depth work experience of students can be leveraged to engage with them as co-leaders towards sustainable solutions in the digital age, from a transdisciplinary perspective. Thus, this paper introduces a teaching framework for digital sustainability in higher education under the light of transdisciplinarity. The framework and its inherent methods are discussed, followed by an exploratory analysis, covering the experiences of over 100 students over the course of two years in a postgraduate master’s programme. We present the results of the students’ learning and ideation process towards digital products/services to tackle challenges within the SDGs. In addition, we provide a critical reflection of prerequisites for teaching the framework, challenges experienced during teaching, and potential solutions, as well as ideas towards the future expansion of the framework.
How Can China’s Indium Resources Have a Sustainable Future? Research Based on the Industry Chain Perspective
Authors: Lin Jing , Li Xin , Wang Minxi , Liu Litao , Dai Tao
Published: November 2021

Global competition and storage for indium resources are increasing. This paper uses substance flow analysis to quantify the flow of indium in China from 2000 to 2019 and discusses the problems facing China’s indium industry chain. Over the past 20 years, China has mined more than 21,000 tons of indium from the lithosphere, and the accumulated indium content in imported ore is about 3600 tons. In the upper reaches of the industrial chain, the loss of indium exceeded 19,000 tons; in the middle reaches, due to technical barriers, China exported a large amount of indium at low prices and imported a large amount of ITO targets at high prices. The amount of indium in the imported targets exceeded 2100 tons; in the downstream, approximately 60% of the final products were exported abroad. China’s cumulative output of recycled indium was about 630 tons, primary indium output was 5912 tons, and the cumulative inventory of indium reached 3200 tons. Therefore, increasing the recovery rate in the primary production stage, overcoming the technical barriers in the middle of the industry chain, and establishing an efficient recovery system are necessary measures to promote the sustainable development of indium resources and its industry chain.
Milk productivity of cows depending on their origin on genealogical line
Authors: Voronov M. V. , Fedoseeva N. A. , Pimkina T. N. , Gorelik O. V.
Published: November 2021

The improvement of cattle of Black-and-White breed by mating of maternal stock with the sires of Holstein breed continues at the present time. Therefore, breeding in pedigree farms for the production of milk is carried out including the use of Holstein lines. The purpose of the work was to assess the milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed, with a high proportion of blood in Holstein breed, depending on their linear origin. In the herd of the breeding farm where the research has been carried out, the lines Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 occupy the dominant position in terms of the specific weight of cattle, followed by the line Montwick Chieftain 95679. The difference in milk yield between groups of cows of different lines was from 3,0 to 354 kg or 0,04 to 4,6 %. The highest milk yield was shown by the first-calf heifers of the line Wes Ideal 933122 – 7787±123,21 kg. In the milk of the first-calf heifers of the line Pabst Governor 882933 compared with herdmates of other lines the increased content of fat and protein has been noted,. The difference in the mass fraction of fat in milk was significant in favor of Pabst Governor 882933 cows (P ≤ 0,01–0,001). There was also the significant difference in the mass fraction of fat in milk between the groups of cows of the lines Montwick Chieftain 95679, Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 in favor of the latter at P ≤ 0,05–0,01. A definite association between milk yield and the mass fraction of fat in milk has not been established. There is a pattern of the positive association between the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein in milk and it is clearly seen that with the increase in the mass fraction of fat in milk, there is the increase in the mass fraction of protein.
Латыши в Полоцком округе БССР
Authors: Королёв Максим
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена анализу положения латышского населенияПолоцкого округа БССР в 1924–1930 и 1935–1938 гг. Автор рассматривает основные латышские колонии на территории округа, показываетизменения в жизни латышских крестьян в связи с преобразованиямив экономической и культурной сферах. Особое внимание уделенодеятельности Латышского бюро при Полоцком окружкоме КП(б)Б, котороепроводило в жизнь национальную политику большевиков и собралобольшой пласт сведений о жизни латышей в 1920-е гг. В завершениипроанализированы социальные трансформации 1930-х гг., изменившиеструктуру латышского населен
Историческая память как фактор жизнестойкости
Authors: Посадский Антон
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена сохранению исторической памяти об эпохеГражданской войны в России. Автор показывает рост интереса к тематикеисторической памяти в последние десятилетия. Память о событияхГражданской войны оказывается очень неравномерной. Памятьпобежденных, но не ушедших в эмиграцию, оказывается практическиневостребованной. Данная ситуация дает искаженную картину событий1917-1922 гг. в современном массовом сознании. Автор обращаетвнимание на особенности локальной памяти о событиях Гражданскойвойны и оценивает исследовательские возможности по востребованиюпамяти о событиях столетней давности
Kierunki doskonalenia systemu zarządzania kryzysowego w kontekście ochrony ludności i ratownictwa
Authors: Zakrzewska Sylwia
Published: November 2021

Artykuł dotyczy kwestii ochrony ludności i ratownictwa, realizowanego w ramach systemu zarządzania kryzysowego. Stanowi on najważniejszyw Polsce mechanizm, służący monitorowaniu potencjalnych zagrożeń, przygotowaniu do skutecznej prewencji przed ich wystąpieniem oraz sprawnegoi wszechstronnego reagowania w razie wystąpienia sytuacji kryzysowej, a także kompleksowego usuwania skutków zdarzeń nadzwyczajnych. Realizacjawskazanych zadań systemu sprowadza się przede wszystkim do pośrednichi bezpośrednich form ochrony ludności i ratownictwa, jak również ograniczeniawtórnych skutków zdarzeń kryzysowych dla ludności, mienia i środowiska.Niniejsze opracowanie prezentuje funkcjonowanie systemów ochrony ludnościi ratownictwa oraz zarządzania kryzysowego w praktyce. Stanowi odniesienie doaspektów prawnych, organizacyjnych, planowania, finansowania działalności,a także stanu kadrowego i zaplecza materiałowo-technicznego, jakim one dysponują. Wskazuje braki i potrzeby, występujące w ramach działania systemów,a także określa dalsze, proponowane kierunki badań i rozwoju systemów.
Instytucja totalna i jej kultura organizacyjna
Authors: Malec Norbert
Published: November 2021

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JUSTIFICATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN PRODUCTION
Authors: Kotlyar K.A. , Babanova Yu.V. , Antonyan R.S.
Published: November 2021

Currently, the topic of introducing lean production is becoming more and more relevant, which is confirmed by the number of enterprises involved in this process, as well as widespread coverage in the media and popular science publications. The economic component of these projects plays a special role in the implementation of lean production, since with the correct calculation of the economy at the start, the rate of implementation is much higher, and the percentage of adoption of the implemented tools is higher. Today there are many ways to calculate the economic effect, but most of them are general in nature and do not fully demonstrate the specific results of changing processes. In addition, natural rather than financial indicators are often used, which complicates the overall assessment of the efficiency of the applied solutions. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of value stream mapping, as a key tool of lean production, on eliminating losses and improving the productivity of the enterprise as a whole. The practical basis of the research was the experience of implementing lean manufacturing in more than 2 thousand commercial enterprises of various industries, with revenue from 100 million to 25 billion and an average number of 10 to 10 000 people.
GENDER CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN's CRIME
Authors: Styazhkina S.A.
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the issues of criminological characteristics of female crime, analyzes the data of official statistics. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the causes and conditions of female crime. The paper substantiates the need to study women's crime, study its causes and conditions. The peculiarities of women's crime are determined by the gender status and the role of women in modern society. In this regard, the article analyzes the social characteristics and psychological characteristics of women in modern Russia. Special attention is paid to the prevention of women's crime. It is proposed to develop a national program for the prevention of women's crime. The program should be comprehensive in nature, and also contain a system of interaction between various bodies and services in the prevention of women's crime, ranging from educational institutions to law enforcement agencies.
Bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells utilizing green-colored NIR sensitive unsymmetrical squaraine dye
Authors: Shaban Suraya , Roy Pritha , Vats Ajendra Kumar , Pandey Shyam S.
Published: November 2021

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with the capability of photon harvesting from both front and rear sides, consisting of newly developed NIR dye (SQ-140), iodine-based redox electrolyte, and transparent counter electrode with high bifaciality factor (BFF) and good cumulated photoconversion efficiency (PCE), are successfully fabricated and characterized. The use of transparent TiO2-based photoanode leads to improved BFF as compared to its opaque TiO2 counterparts: from 74% to 86% under similar experimental conditions and device parameters. The high molar extinction coefficient of the NIR dye SQ-140, needing a thinner TiO2 layer, was found to be advantageous to maintaining the high BFF even in thicker TiO2 films without serious compromise in the PCE. The lower efficiency of the bifacial DSSC under rear illumination was attributed to the hampered optical penetration as well as absorption of light by the intense colored iodine-based redox electrolyte.
Peran PPAT Selaku Pengguna Layanan Hak Tanggungan Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik
Authors: Aufima Zidna
Published: November 2021

Sejak 8 Juli 2020, pelaksanaan Pelayanan Hak Tanggungan Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik wajib diterapkan secara nasional oleh seluruh Kantor Pertanahan di Indonesia. Pelayanan ini bertujuan untuk mewujudkan kemudahan pelayanan HT-el kepada masyarakat. PPAT memiliki peran penting dalam layanan hak tanggungan terintegrasi secara elektronik. Metode yang digunakan adalah statute approach dan conceptual approach. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa Peran PPAT selaku pengguna layanan hak tanggungan terintegrasi secara elektronik setelah diterbitkannya Permen ATR/BPN Nomor 5 Tahun 2020 adalah mulai dari pembuatan perjanjian kredit, pengecekan sertifikat tanah secara elektronik sebelum membuat Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan, Pembuatan Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan sampai mengupload Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan beserta data pendukungnya kepada Kantor Pertanahan setempat melalui Aplikasi Mitra Kerja PPAT pada https://mitra.atrbpn.go.id. Kemudian, PPAT akan menyerahkan salinan minuta Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan kepada debitor dan kreditor. Sementara, Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan yang asli disimpan oleh PPAT.
The NEWFIRM HETDEX Survey: Photometric Catalog and a Conservative Sample of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z = 3–5 over 17.5 deg2 in the SHELA Field
Authors: Stevans Matthew L. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Kawinwanichakij Lalitwadee , Wold Isak , Papovich Casey , Somerville Rachel S. , Yung L. Y. Aaron , Sherman Sydney , Ciardullo Robin , Davé Romeel , Florez Jonathan , Gronwall Caryl , Jogee Shardha
Published: November 2021

We present the results of a deep K

s
-band (2.1 μm) imaging survey of the Spitzer/HETDEX Exploratory Large-Area (SHELA) field using the NEWFIRM near-infrared camera on the KPNO Mayall 4 m telescope. This NEWFIRM HETDEX Survey reaches a 5σ depth of 22.4 AB mag (2″-diameter apertures corrected to total), is ∼50% and 90% complete at K ∼ 22.65 and K ∼ 22.15, respectively, and covers 22 deg2 of the 24 deg2 SHELA Spitzer/IRAC footprint (within “Stripe 82” of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey). We present a K

s
-band-selected catalog that includes deep ugriz imaging from the Dark Energy Camera and 3.6 and 4.5 μm imaging from Spitzer/IRAC, with forced photometry of 1.7 million sources across 17.5 deg2. The large area and moderate depth of this catalog enable the study of the most massive galaxies at high redshift and minimize uncertainties associated with counting statistics and cosmic variance. As a demonstration, we derive stellar masses (M
*) and star formation rates (SFRs) for candidate galaxies at 3 ≲ z ≲ 5 and select a conservative sample of nine candidate massive (M
* > 1011
M
⊙) quiescent galaxies, which have measured SFRs significantly below the main sequence at this redshift. Five are ultramassive with M
* > 1012, though uncertainties in IRAC blending, gravitational lensing, or active galactic nucleus emission could result in true masses that are lower. Simulations predict that these galaxies should be extremely rare; thus, we conclude by discussing what physical processes in models could be altered to allow the formation of such massive quiescent galaxies at such early times.
Prediction of Soft Proton Intensities in the Near-Earth Space Using Machine Learning
Authors: Kronberg Elena A. , Hannan Tanveer , Huthmacher Jens , Münzer Marcus , Peste Florian , Zhou Ziyang , Berrendorf Max , Faerman Evgeniy , Gastaldello Fabio , Ghizzardi Simona , Escoubet Philippe , Haaland Stein , Smirnov Artem , Sivadas Nithin , Allen Robert C. , Tiengo Andrea , Ilie Raluca
Published: November 2021

The spatial distribution of energetic protons contributes to the understanding of magnetospheric dynamics. Based upon 17 yr of the Cluster/RAPID observations, we have derived machine-learning-based models to predict the proton intensities at energies from 28 to 962 keV in the 3D terrestrial magnetosphere at radial distances between 6 and 22 RE. We used the satellite location and indices for solar, solar wind, and geomagnetic activity as predictors. The results demonstrate that the neural network (multi-layer perceptron regressor) outperforms baseline models based on the k-nearest neighbors and historical binning on average by ∼80% and ∼33%, respectively. The average correlation between the observed and predicted data is about 56%, which is reasonable in light of the complex dynamics of fast-moving energetic protons in the magnetosphere. In addition to a quantitative analysis of the prediction results, we also investigate parameter importance in our model. The most decisive parameters for predicting proton intensities are related to the location—Z geocentric solar ecliptic direction—and the radial distance. Among the activity indices, the solar wind dynamic pressure is the most important. The results have a direct practical application, for instance, for assessing the contamination particle background in the X-ray telescopes for X-ray astronomy orbiting above the radiation belts. To foster reproducible research and to enable the community to build upon our work we publish our complete code, the data, and the weights of trained models. Further description can be found in the GitHub project at https://github.com/Tanveer81/deep_horizon.
Numerical Modeling and Physical Interplay of Stochastic Turbulent Acceleration for Nonthermal Emission Processes
Authors: Kundu Sayan , Vaidya Bhargav , Mignone Andrea
Published: November 2021

Particle acceleration is a ubiquitous phenomenon in astrophysical and space plasma. Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) and stochastic turbulent acceleration (STA) are known to be the possible mechanisms for producing very highly energetic particles, particularly in weakly magnetized regions. An interplay of different acceleration processes along with various radiation losses is typically observed in astrophysical sources. While DSA is a systematic acceleration process that energizes particles in the vicinity of shocks, STA is a random energizing process, where the interaction between cosmic ray particles and electromagnetic fluctuations results in particle acceleration. This process is usually interpreted as a biased random walk in energy space, modeled through a Fokker–Planck equation. In the present work, we describe a novel Eulerian algorithm, adopted to incorporate turbulent acceleration in the presence of DSA and radiative processes like synchrotron and inverse Compton emission. The developed framework extends the hybrid Eulerian−Lagrangian module in a full-fledged relativistic Magneto-hydrodynamic (RMHD) code PLUTO. From our validation tests and case studies, we showcase the competing and complementary nature of both acceleration processes. Axisymmetric simulations of an RMHD jet with this extended hybrid framework clearly demonstrate that emission due to shocks is localized, while that due to turbulent acceleration originates in the backflow and is more diffuse, particularly in the high-energy X-ray band.
Preventing Anomalous Torques in Circumbinary Accretion Simulations
Authors: Dittmann Alexander J. , Ryan Geoffrey
Published: November 2021

Numerical experiments are the primary method of studying the evolution of circumbinary disks due to the strong nonlinearities involved. Many circumbinary simulations also require the use of numerical mass sinks: source terms that prevent gas from unphysically accumulating around the simulated point masses by removing gas at a given rate. However, special care must be taken when drawing physical conclusions from such simulations to ensure that results are not biased by numerical artifacts. We demonstrate how improved sink methods reduce some of these biases, using simulations of aspect ratio 0.1 accretion disks around binaries with mass ratios between 0.1 and 1. We show that sink terms that do not reduce the angular momentum of gas relative to the accreting object (1) reduce the dependence on the sink rate of quantities such as the torque on the binary, distribution of accretion between binary components, and evolution of the binary semimajor axis; (2) reduce the degree to which the sink rate affects the structure of the accretion disks around each binary component; (3) alter the variability of accretion onto the binary, regularizing it in time. We also investigate other potential sources of systematic error, such as gravitational softening and simplifications to the viscous stress tensor. Because of the strong dependence of binary orbital evolution on both the torque and the distribution of mass between binary components, the sink method influences the orbital evolution of the binary at all mass ratios, with mass ratios below ∼0.3 most affected.