bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Manoj Preethy , Derwin Rosemarie , George Sherly
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Hip fractures have a huge impact in reducing the quality of life and increasing mortality. This review aims to assess the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in people over 65 years.

Methods

PRISMA guidelines were followed and RCTs that evaluated the effectiveness of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 plus calcium in preventing hip fracture in adults over 65 years were included in the study. The databases such as Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from October 2019‐ January 2020.The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to check the quality of the included studies. A meta‐analysis with fixed effect model using Review Manager (Revman 5.3) was used to analyse the data.

Results

The meta‐analysis of seven RCTs on vitamin D3 plus calcium supplementation and hip fracture (n = 12,620) identified odds ratio (OR) of 0.75; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.64, 0.87; p = .0003. Daily oral supplementation of 800 IU of Vitamin D3 plus 1200 mg of calcium was found more effective (n = 5676 participants; OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.82; p < .0001) than daily oral supplementation of 800 IU of Vitamin D3 plus 1000 mg of calcium (n = 6555,OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.74, 1.56; p = .70) in reducing hip fracture. A meta‐analysis of the seven RCTs to identify the incidence of non‐vertebral fracture gave the OR of 0.80; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.89; p < .0001. A meta‐analysis of three RCTs on femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) (n = 483) gave a mean difference of 1.21; 95% CI: ‐0.79, 3.20; p = .24.

Conclusion

Daily oral supplementation 800 IU of vitamin D3 plus 1200 mg of calcium reduces hip fracture and non‐vertebral fracture in older people. Administering vitamin D3 and calcium supplements had no effect in increasing the femoral neck BMD.

Implications for practice

Even though it is evident from the review that optimal daily intake of vitamin D3 plus calcium supplementation help in the prevention of fracture, it is only one essential element in fracture prevention. Also, people who are on dietary supplements should be compliant with same for better result. Efforts to prevent bone loss and osteoporosis should begin from an early age. It includes maintaining a healthy lifestyle, optimal intake of calcium and vitamin D3, proper nutrition, adequate exposure to sunlight, exercise etc. Proper education on healthy lifestyle, avoiding risk factors like smoking, caffeine, alcohol and awareness of bone health should continue throughout life with emphasis during menopause when increased bone loss is expected.
Research utilisation in older people care: Translation, cross‐cultural adaptation and validation of instruments into Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Fares Mainá Osório Akel , Perracini Monica Rodrigues , Rosa Matheus Augusto Braga Marques Vieira , Cunha Ana Izabel Lopes , de Souza Mariana Abacherly , Ricci Natalia Aquaroni
Published: July 2022

Aims

To translate and culturally validate the Estabrooks' Kinds of Research Utilization (RU) and the Conceptual Research Utilization Scale (CRU) into Brazilian Portuguese; and to describe the research use by health professionals working on Long Term Care Institutions (LTCI) for older people.

Background

Research utilisation ensures greater quality and effectiveness in the care provided by health professionals. However, there are no instruments to evaluate research utilisation in Latin America countries, like Brazil.

Materials & Methods

A methodological cross‐sectional questionnaire validity and descriptive study. The translation and adaptation of the instruments was performed in seven steps following psychometric guidelines. The instruments evaluate research utilisation by health professionals in clinical practice. The RU is composed of single‐items of instrumental, persuasive, conceptual and overall forms; and the CRU the conceptual form through a 5‐item scale. Professionals of technical level and graduated working in nine LTCI were evaluated from August to December 2018. Descriptive and inferential (reliability, correlation, internal consistency and structure of CRU) analyses were conducted.

Results

Sample composed of 117 professionals, 67.5% of healthcare aides and 32.5% of graduated health professionals. All forms of research utilisation showed high implementation in practice (about 75% of the time, or frequently). CRU internal consistency (α = 0.885) and structure were adequate. There were significant correlations between RU and CRU (from very low r = 0.187 to high r = 0.712). Intra‐rater, inter‐rater and alternate forms reliability ranged from moderate to substantial.

Conclusions

The Brazilian versions of the RU and the CRU are valid, reliable and acceptable for evaluating research utilisation by professionals working on LTCI. It is of great relevance to introduce these instruments in low‐ and middle‐income countries to have future data on how much older people care is influenced by the best evidence available. These instruments can be adapted to different healthcare settings and populations.
PlantPhoneDB: A manually curated pan‐plant database of ligand‐receptor pairs infers cell–cell communication
Authors: Xu Chaoqun , Ma Dongna , Ding Qiansu , Zhou Ying , Zheng Hai‐Lei
Published: July 2022

Ligand‐receptor pairs play important roles in cell–cell communication for multicellular organisms in response to environmental cues. Recently, the emergence of single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) provides unprecedented opportunities to investigate cellular communication based on ligand‐receptor expression. However, so far, no reliable ligand‐receptor interaction database is available for plant species. In this study, we developed PlantPhoneDB (https://jasonxu.shinyapps.io/PlantPhoneDB/), a pan‐plant database comprising a large number of high‐confidence ligand‐receptor pairs manually curated from seven resources. Also, we developed a PlantPhoneDB R package, which not only provided optional four scoring approaches that calculate interaction scores of ligand‐receptor pairs between cell types but also provided visualization functions to present analysis results. At the PlantPhoneDB web interface, the processed datasets and results can be searched, browsed, and downloaded. To uncover novel cell–cell communication events in plants, we applied the PlantPhoneDB R package on GSE121619 dataset to infer significant cell–cell interactions of heat‐shocked root cells in Arabidopsis thaliana. As a result, the PlantPhoneDB predicted the actively communicating AT1G28290‐AT2G14890 ligand‐receptor pair in atrichoblast–cortex cell pair in Arabidopsis thaliana. Importantly, the downstream target genes of this ligand‐receptor pair were significantly enriched in the ribosome pathway, which facilitated plants adapting to environmental changes. In conclusion, PlantPhoneDB provided researchers with integrated resources to infer cell–cell communication from scRNA‐seq datasets.
Cytomegalovirus infection and disease in pediatric liver transplantation: Burden of disease under a preemptive therapy approach
Authors: Arroyo‐Orvañanos Jorge , Hernández‐Plata José‐Alejandro , Erro‐Aboytia Rosa , Nieto‐Zermeño Jaime , Reyes‐López Alfonso , Varela‐Fascinetto Gustavo
Published: July 2022

Background

CMV remains a frequent complication after liver transplantation. Few studies exist in children reporting the epidemiology and outcomes of CMV after LT with current prevention strategies. Our goal is to report the incidence of CMV infection and disease in pediatric LT recipients under preemptive therapy, identify risk factors, complications, and adverse reactions to treatment.

Methods

All pediatric LT recipients from a single center (1998–2018) were included. Antigenemia pp65 (1998–2003) and QNAT or both were used to inform preemptive therapy. Cutoff value for starting treatment was Agpp65 > 10 + cells/200 000 or QNAT >1500 copies/ml or any value in high‐risk recipients (D+/R−).

Results

One hundred eighteen LT were analyzed. CMV infection was detected in 67% of patients, only 44 (37%) required treatment, and 5 (4%) developed CMV disease. All patients responded well to treatment, and no graft or patients were lost to CMV effects. There were no differences in mortality, CMV indirect effects, or other complications between those who required treatment and those who did not. Thirty‐two percent of the patients who received antivirals developed an adverse hematological reaction. Risk factors associated with CMV infection requiring treatment were D+/R− (OR 13.9, p = .01) and fulminant hepatitis (OR 4.8, p = .02).

Conclusions

Preemptive therapy for CMV in children is safe and effective, yields low CMV infection rates that require treatment, and minimal rates of CMV disease, without increasing CMV‐related complications. Using this strategy, 63% of our patients did not receive treatment. Therefore, drug exposure, adverse reactions, and resistance risk were minimized.
Overcoming limits: First ABO incompatible living donor paired kidney transplant in an hypersensitized pediatric recipient in Spain
Authors: Calzada Yolanda , Revuelta Ignacio , Codina Elena , Alcaraz Antonio , López‐Báez Víctor , Paredes David , Arango Pedro , Palou Eduard , Garcia‐Herrera Adriana , Oppenheimer Federico , Diekmann Fritz , Madrid Álvaro
Published: July 2022

Introduction

HLA sensitization is a growing problem in children awaiting kidney transplantation. In some cases, finding an immunologically compatible donor entails contemplating the option of an ABO incompatible transplant or paired transplant.

Methods

Patient with genetic nephrotic syndrome and progressive chronic kidney disease, with a previous thrombosis of a first kidney transplant, resulting hypersensitized and remaining for a long‐time on hemodialysis. Despite a desensitization strategy, family members were incompatible and deceased donation options must be ruled out due to the presentation of donor‐specific antibodies (DSA). After 4 years, the possibility arises to perform a kidney paired transplant with a 62‐year‐old woman with an incompatible blood group. Although the current cytotoxicity‐ and cell‐based crossmatches were negative, history of DSA were recorded.

Results

An intensive ABO and HLA desensitization protocol was performed in order to combat the isohemagglutinin antibodies and on the memory‐HLA, based on rituximab, apheresis sessions, and immunoglobulins. Despite the donor being older in terms of pediatric transplantation, the donor‐recipient weight difference, and immunological risk, the transplant was completed successfully. Maintenance of titration of up to 1/2 was confirmed after 3 weeks post‐transplant (IgM and IgG). Kidney biopsy at 2 weeks and 6 months without signs of rejection. The patient is currently 12 months post‐transplant and has not presented any signs of transplant rejection and has proper renal function.

Conclusions

Kidney paired transplantation is an excellent solution for hypersensitized children, and ABO incompatibility can be considered to increase their options to find a good donor, without thereby obtaining worse results.
Chemophototherapeutic Ablation of Doxorubicin‐Resistant Human Ovarian Tumor Cells†
Authors: Ghosh Sanjana , Chitgupi Upendra , Sunar Ulas , Lovell Jonathan F.
Published: July 2022

Porphyrin‐phospholipid (PoP) liposomes loaded with Doxorubicin (Dox) have been demonstrated to be an efficient vehicle for chemophototherapy (CPT). Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells is a problematic phenomenon in which tumor cells develop resistance to chemotherapy. Herein, we report that Dox‐resistant tumor cells can be ablated using our previously described formulation termed long‐circulating Dox loaded in PoP liposomes (LC‐Dox‐PoP), which is a PEGylated formulation containing 2 mol. % of the PoP photosensitizer. In vitro studies using free Dox and LC‐Dox‐PoP showed that human ovarian carcinoma A2780 cells were more susceptible to Dox compared to the corresponding Dox‐resistant A2780‐R cells. When CPT was applied with LC‐Dox‐PoP liposomes, effective killing of both nonresistant and resistant A2780 cell lines was observed. An in vivo study to assess the efficiency of LC‐Dox‐PoP showed effective tumor shrinkage and prolonged survival of athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous Dox‐resistant A2780‐R tumor xenografts when they were irradiated with a red laser. Biodistribution analysis demonstrated enhanced tumoral drug uptake in Dox‐resistant tumors with CPT, suggesting that increased drug delivery was sufficient to induce ablation of resistant tumor cells.
Comparison of the host response to larvicidal and nonlarvicidal treatment of naturally acquired cyathostomin infections in horses
Authors: Steuer Ashley E. , Scoggin Kirsten , Stewart John C. , Barker Virginia D. , Adams Amanda A. , Loynachan Alan T. , Nielsen Martin K.
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to collect information on local and systemic inflammatory responses, and goblet cell‐associated components, following anthelmintic treatment with moxidectin and ivermectin in horses naturally infected with cyathostomin parasites. Thirty‐six horses aged 2–5 years of age were randomly allocated to three groups. Group 1 received ivermectin/praziquantel (0.2 mg/kg), Group 2 received moxidectin/praziquantel (0.4 mg/kg) and Group 3 were untreated controls. Tissue samples from the Cecum, Dorsal and Ventral Colons were used for histopathological evaluation and preserved for RNA isolation and gene expression analysis. Whole blood was collected weekly for gene expression analysis as well. The control group had significantly higher inflammation associated with higher larval scores. The treatment groups displayed no differences in larval counts and inflammatory cell populations (p > .05). Mucosal larval counts were positively correlated with goblet cell hyperplasia scores (p = .047). The moxidectin‐treated group had a significantly lower expression of IFN‐γ (p < .05). The data suggest that removal of cyathostomins reduced the pro‐inflammatory response associated with cyathostomin infections. Pro‐inflammatory reactions associated with anthelmintic treatment were minimal, but lowest for moxidectin‐treated horses. Results suggested that cecum, ventral and dorsal colons responded differently to cyathostomin larvae, which may have implications in the disease process.
Co‐optation in co‐production: Maintaining credibility and legitimacy in transboundary environmental governance in East Asia
Authors: Otsuka Kenji
Published: July 2022

This article challenges the prevailing discourse on regional environmental governance in East Asia, emphasizing the risk of co‐optation among scholars and other experts through state authority in the transboundary co‐production of knowledge and action. By collecting first‐hand materials through the participatory observation of related events, organizing workshops, and conducting interviews, the research identified 15 transboundary cooperative networks in various fields of environmental sustainability issues and the involvement of 25 nonstate actors, including academics and practitioners. Using a comparative ethnographic approach for interpreting a nuanced sense of their experiences at the backstage of transboundary co‐production, the study found several strategies for boundary management to maintain credibility and legitimacy and to remain involved in transboundary co‐production with broad partners, including public and private actors. The nonstate actors have to be careful to engage in transboundary co‐production without eliminating any existing legitimacy of regional governance. In this sense, nonstate actors employ an ad‐hoc strategy of boundary management in determining a contingent situation surrounding the legitimacy of their initiatives and themselves and maintain their credibility to avoid co‐optation.
Public sentiment towards economic sanctions in the Russia–Ukraine war
Authors: Ngo Vu M. , Huynh Toan L. D. , Nguyen Phuc V. , Nguyen Huan H.
Published: July 2022

This paper introduces novel data on public sentiment towards economic sanctions based on nearly 1 million social media posts in 108 countries during the Russia–Ukraine war by using machine learning. We show the geographical heterogeneity between government stances and public sentiment. Finally, we show how political regimes, trading relationships and political instability can predict how people perceive this war.
Efficiency and sustainability in municipal social policies
Authors: Ríos Ana‐María , Guillamón María‐Dolores , Cifuentes‐Faura Javier , Benito Bernardino
Published: July 2022

Local governments play a crucial role in the fight for a more sustainable world and, therefore, in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as they are the closest public entities to citizens and best know their needs. Local governments should be the driving force behind integrating the different areas of sustainability in their municipalities, especially in social services, which is the focus of this paper. However, these governments have limited resources, making it necessary to provide public services as efficiently as possible. To present a complete picture of the factors that affect efficiency in social service provision, we have taken into account the SDGs related to the social sphere of sustainability (SDG 1, SDG 2, SDG 5, and SDG 10), in addition to the determinants usually collected in studies on efficiency in local governments. For a sample of Spanish municipalities, we found that local governments that have made more progress in achieving SDG 2 are more efficient. In contrast, municipalities that have worked the most to reduce gender inequalities (SDG 5) are less efficient in providing social services. The other SDGs do not influence the efficiency analysed.
The novel HLA‐A*24:520 allele was identified in a Chinese individual
Authors: Zhu Jianrong , Hu Wenjian , Fu Guangchen , Chen Yujuan , Zhu Faming
Published: July 2022

HLA‐A*24:520 differs from HLA‐A*24:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 668 C→T in exon 4.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitism in preschool and school children in Colombia: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pazmiño Fredy A. , Mora‐Salamanca Andrés Felipe , Mahecha Brenda Stefania Pérez , Moreno Esteban Javier Pérez , Olivera Mario J. , Ospina Angelica Knudson , López Myriam Consuelo
Published: July 2022

Objective

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are a public health challenge in developing countries such as Colombia, causing anaemia and delayed growth and development in children. We aimed to estimate the geographical and prevalence trend of IPIs in the last 30 years in school and preschool children in Colombia.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis. We identified potential manuscripts through PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, Scielo and Google Scholar on the IPIs prevalence in school and preschool children in Colombia. Articles included in the qualitative analysis were published between 1990 and 2020 in English or Spanish and met the inclusion criteria. Subsequently, a random‐effects meta‐analysis, a meta‐regression and a trend analysis were performed.

Results

We identified 2292 articles; 109 were included in the qualitative review, and 79 articles were included in the meta‐analysis. The estimated IPI prevalence was 55% (95% CI: 48–63). By age group, the prevalence in preschool children was 37% (95% CI: 26–49) and 66% (95% CI: 52–78) in schoolchildren. The prevalence by region was heterogeneous, with the Amazon being the highest (69%) and the Santanderes the lowest (28%). In the last 20 years, the prevalence of helminthiasis has decreased (from 64.66% in 1990–1995 to 22.09% in 2016–2020).

Conclusion

The prevalence of IPIs is high (>30%) in three of the seven regions in Colombia. Biannual administration of mass deworming in schoolchildren is recommended in the Amazon region. Public policies aiming to control IPIs should be reinforced. Further prevalence studies should include Cesar, Guaviare, Vichada and Vaupés, where the epidemiology of IPIs is unknown.

Sustainable Development Goals

Good health and wellbeing, clean water and sanitation, sustainable cities and communities.
Making the best use of clinical datasets: with examples from urogynaecology
Authors: Bach Fiona , Toozs‐Hobson Philip , Purnell Jeremy
Published: July 2022

Key content

Healthcare professionals are often asked to collect data and contribute to national and international databases. It is important for us to understand the role data structure has in data performance, particularly focusing on data analysis.

This article explores the principles of the role of data, the law and the ethics around its use and its interpretation.

The importance of good data in health care underpins the principles of the International Consortium on Health Outcome Measures (ICHOM).

Learning objectives

To understand concepts of database design, what the perfect database looks like and the challenges to achieving this, as well as principles of extracting and interrogating data.

To be able to define questions to obtain valid data and know how to optimise data collection.

To understand the governing principles of the ICHOM.

Ethical issues

How do ethical guidelines, the Caldicott Principles and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) apply to clinical datasets?

Who owns data?
A guided search: Formulating a PICOT from assigned areas of inquiry
Authors: McClinton Tracy D.
Published: July 2022

The evidence‐based practice (EBP) competencies of cultivating inquiry and formulation of Population, Intervention, Outcome, and Time (PICOT) questions are essential to quality improvement, healthcare outcomes, and the development of Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) scholarly projects. Education and assessment of EBP competencies into the DNP curriculum, particularly formulation of PICOT questions, provide guidance and evaluate mastery of students' individual skills and group work. Utilization of a PICOT template is an approach to aid large cohorts of students in writing healthcare‐specific PICOTs to guide them in search of quality evidence. Guided inquiry through collaboration with community partners can aid in identifying community needs. Assigning an area of inquiry allows stakeholders, community partners, and nursing students an opportunity to ask the necessary questions to improve health care, and simultaneously meet the need for evidence‐based quality improvement.
Incorporation of class I charged generalized polytropes with Karmarkar and complexity factor
Authors: Khan Shiraz , Mardan S. A. , Rehman M. A.
Published: July 2022

In the present paper, we will incorporate three very useful aspects of astrophysics, generalized polytropes, Karmarkar condition and complexity factor to study the compact objects. For this purpose a charged anisotropic fluid distribution is used under static spherical symmetry. We develop a framework for class I generalized charged Lane–Emden equations for non-isothermal and isothermal regimes. Generalized polytropic equation of state with its two cases, mass density and energy density along with complexity factor lead us to the systems of differential equations and these systems are solved numerically. Finally, solutions of these systems are discussed graphically.
A Note on Linear Complementarity via Two-Person Zero-Sum Games
Authors: Dubey Dipti , Neogy S. K. , Raghavan T. E. S.
Published: July 2022

The matrix [Formula: see text] of a linear complementarity problem can be viewed as a payoff matrix of a two-person zero-sum game. Lemke’s algorithm can be successfully applied to reach a complementary solution or infeasibility when the game satisfies the following conditions: (i) Value of [Formula: see text] is equal to zero. (ii) For all principal minors of [Formula: see text] (transpose of [Formula: see text]) value is non-negative. (iii) For any optimal mixed strategy [Formula: see text] of the maximizer either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] for each coordinate [Formula: see text].
The sharp estimates for certain coefficient inequalities for transforms of a starlike function associated with Bernoulli’s lemniscate
Authors: Vamshee Krishna D. , Vijaya Kumar Ch. , Rath Biswajit
Published: July 2022

This paper contains an estimation of sharp upper bound (UB) for the Hankel determinant of specific orders concerning the [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]-root transform [Formula: see text] for a subfamily of holomorphic functions associated with the right half of Bernoulli’s lemniscate. The practical tools applied in the derivation of our main results are the coefficient inequalities of the Carathéodory class [Formula: see text]
Bioinformatics Analysis of Competing Endogenous RNA Network and Immune Infiltration in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Liu Xing , Peng Ke , Zhong Guoqiang , Wu Mingxing , Wang Lei
Published: July 2022

Background. There is still no clear understanding of the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). For this purpose, we used integrated analysis to uncover immune infiltration characteristics and investigated their relationship with competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in AF. Methods. Three AF mRNA data sets (GSE14975, GSE79768, and GSE41177) were integrated using the SVA method from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Together with AF circRNA data set (GSE129409) and miRNA data set (GSE70887) from GEO database, we built a ceRNA network. Then hub genes were screened by the Cytoscape plug-in cytoHubba from a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. As well, CIBERSORT was employed to investigate immune infiltration, followed by Pearson correlation coefficients to unravel the correlation between AF-related infiltrating immune cells and hub genes. Ulteriorly, circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axises that could be immunologically related to AF were obtained. Results. Ten hub genes were identified from the constructing PPI network. The immune infiltration analysis revealed that the number of monocytes and neutrophils was higher, as well as the number of dendritic cells activated and T cells regulatory (Tregs) was lower in AF. Seven hub genes (C5AR1, CXCR4, HCK, LAPTM5, MPEG1, TLR8, and TNFSF13B) were associated with those 4 immune cells (

P
<
0.05

). We found that the circ_0005299–miR-1246–C5AR1 and circRNA_0079284-miR-623-HCK/CXCR4 regulatory axises may be associated with the immune mechanism of AF. Conclusion. The findings of our study provide insights into immuno-related ceRNA networks as potential molecular regulators of AF progression.
Empirical Analysis on the Correlation between Low‐Carbon Economy and Marine Industry Development
Authors: Yang Jian , Liu Hui
Published: July 2022

In order to analyze the correlation between the low‐carbon economy and marine industry development, an empirical analysis method of the correlation between the low‐carbon economy and marine industry development is proposed. The decomposition analysis method of marine industry carbon emission structure based on the input‐output table is adopted to analyze China’s marine industry carbon emission structure and obtain the influencing factors of marine industry carbon emission. The calculation method of total factor productivity of marine low‐carbon economy is used to calculate the productivity of all influencing factors of a marine low‐carbon economy and analyze the technical effect after the integrated development of low‐carbon economy and marine industry. The panel data model is used to analyze the relationship between the transformation and upgrading of the marine industry and the development of the low‐carbon economy. The empirical analysis results show that the sustainable development of marine low‐carbon economy can only be realized by improving low‐carbon technology, and the advanced degree of the marine industrial structure plays the greatest role in the marine low‐carbon economy. The marine industry needs to optimize low‐carbon technology and improve the advanced degree of industrial structure in order to realize the integrated development of a low‐carbon economy and marine industry.
Quercetin Protects Ethanol-Induced Hepatocyte Pyroptosis via Scavenging Mitochondrial ROS and Promoting PGC-1α-Regulated Mitochondrial Homeostasis in L02 Cells
Authors: Zhao Xingtao , Wang Cheng , Dai Shu , Liu Yanfang , Zhang Fang , Peng Cheng , Li Yunxia
Published: July 2022

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a multifaceted process that involves excessive lipid, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, unbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis, and ultimate cell death. Quercetin is a dietary phytochemical presented in various fruits and vegetables, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. According to recent advances in pharmanutritional management, the effects of quercetin on various mitochondrial processes have attracted attention. In the study, we explored whether quercetin could attenuate ethanol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and studied its hepatoprotective effect and the underlying mechanism. We chose L02 cells to establish an in vitro model with ethanol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis. Then, the cells at approximately 80% confluence were treated with quercetin (80, 40, and 20 μM). The cell viability (CCK-8) was used to investigate the effect of quercetin on ethanol-induced L02 cell proliferation. Relative assay kits were used to measure oxidative stress index (

OSI
=
TOS
/
TAS

), lipid peroxidation (LPO) release, and mitochondrial membrane potential (

δ
Ψ
m

). The morphology of mitochondria was characterized by transmission electron microscopy- (TEM-) based analysis. Mitochondrial dynamics (Mito Tracker Green), mitROS (MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide) production, and nuclear DNA (nDNA) damage (γH2AX) markers were detected by immunofluorescence. The mRNA levels of mitochondrial function (including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcription genes TWNK, MTCO1, and MFND) and pyroptosis-related genes were detected by RT-qPCR, and the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase1, cleaved-caspase1, IL-18, IL-1β, and GSDMD-N were detected by western blot. The results showed that quercetin treatment downregulated redox status, lipid droplets, and LPO release, restored damaged mitochondrial membrane potential, and repaired mtDNA damage, PGC-1α nuclear transfer, and mitochondrial dynamics. The gene and protein expressions of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase1, IL-18, IL-1β, and GSDMD-N were decreased, which effectively inhibited cell pyroptosis. Therefore, the results indicated that quercetin protected ethanol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis via scavenging mitROS and promoting PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in L02 cells.
Study on the Strength and Yield Behaviors of Modified Silty Clay
Authors: Liu Yuhang , Bai Ruiqiang , Li Dongqing
Published: July 2022

To study the strength and yield behaviors of the modified soil, a series of triaxial compression tests were carried out for modified silty clay with different contents of red Pisha sandstone and carbide slag, respectively. The test results showed that the strength variation of the modified soils are obviously nonlinear with the hydrostatic pressure increasing, and the nonlinear strength can be described by a modified critical state function. Then, the friction angle and the cohesive force of the modified soils were obtained according to the nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb equation, and the relationships between the friction angle, the cohesive force, and the hydrostatic pressure were studied. Finally, the yield behavior of the modified soil was investigated based on a generally criterion, and the yield surface of the modified soils locates between the SMP criterion and the Lade-Duncan criterion. This study will help to understand the strength and yield characteristics of modified soils.
Serodiagnosis and Risk Factors Associated with Infectious Agents of Reproductive Diseases in Bovines of Chiquinquirá, District of Boyacá (Colombia)
Authors: Lancheros-Buitrago Deisy J. , Bulla-Castañeda Diana M. , Pulido-Medellin Martin O. , López Buitrago Henry A. , Díaz-Anaya Adriana M. , Garcia-Corredor Diego J.
Published: July 2022

The productivity of cattle farms is affected by infectious and noninfectious factors that generate economic losses and cause reproductive failure represented by low conception rates, embryonic mortality, abortions, and fetal mummification. The infectious agents that most impact the reproductive health of the bovine species from conception to birth are bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) causing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI3), Neospora caninum and Leptospira spp. The objective of this study was to diagnose the presence of BoHV-1, bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), PI3, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira spp. by serology and identify the risk factors associated with infectious agents of reproductive interest in bovines of Boyacá (Colombia). A descriptive cross-sectional study was developed, with simple random sampling, where a sample size of 601 female cattle of Holstein, Jersey, and Normande breeds of different age groups was determined. Blood samples were taken and processed using the indirect ELISA technique (SYNBIOTICS®, SERELISA® BVD p80 Ab Mono Blocking, Ingezim R.12.NC.K, PRIMACHECK VPI-3®) and the MAT test for the diagnosis of bovine leptospirosis. The data were processed with the statistical program Epi Info™. The highest apparent seroprevalence was established for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (61.1%), followed by BVD (37.6%), PI3 (40.9%), neosporosis (51.1%), and leptospirosis (14.8%). Variables such as age >4 years and Holstein breed for IBR and >4 years for BVD were established risk factors. Considering our results, we suggest implementing prevention and control plans that include vaccination as a prophylactic measure and biosecurity tools that reduce the probability of contagion and transmission of pathogens.
Ferroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature Correlates with the Prognosis, Tumor Microenvironment, and Therapeutic Sensitivity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Jiahao , Zhao Yutian , Wu Gang , Zhang Xiaojun , Chen Qingqing , Yang Bo , Guo Xinwei , Ji Shengjun , Gu Ke
Published: July 2022

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent form of esophageal cancer in China and is closely associated with malignant biological characteristics and poor survival. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent mode of cell death that plays an important role in the biological behavior of ESCC cells. The clinical significance of ferroptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (FRLs) in ESCC remains unknown and warrants further research. The current study obtained RNA sequencing profiles and corresponding clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and FRLs were obtained through coexpression analysis. Consensus clustering was employed to divide the subjects into clusters, and immune-associated pathways were identified by functional analysis. The current study observed significant differences in the enrichment scores of immune cells among different clusters. Patients from TCGA-ESCC database were designated as the training cohort. A ten-FRL prediction signature was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model and validated using the GEO cohort and our own independent validation database. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the expression of the ten FRLs, and the ssGSEA analysis was employed to evaluate their function. In addition, the IMvigor database was used to assess the predictive value of the signature in terms of immunotherapeutic responses. Multivariate Cox and stratification analyses revealed that the ten-FRL signature was an independent predictor of the overall survival (OS). Patients with ESCC in the high-risk group displayed worse survival, a characteristic tumor immune microenvironment, and low immunotherapeutic benefits compared to those in the low-risk group. Collectively, the risk model established in this study could serve as a promising predictor of prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in patients with ESCC.
Mathematical Modelling and Optimal Control Strategies of a Multistrain COVID-19 Spread
Authors: Khajji Bouchaib , Boujallal Lahoucine , Balatif Omar , Rachik Mostafa
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we propose a continuous mathematical model that describes the spread of multistrains COVID-19 virus among humans: susceptible, exposed, infected, quarantined, hospitalized, and recovered individuals. The positivity and boundedness of the system solution are provided in order to get the well posedness of the proposed model. Secondly, three controls are considered in our model to minimize the multistrain spread of the disease, namely, vaccination, security campaigns, social distancing measures, and diagnosis. Furthermore, the optimal control problem and related optimality conditions of the Pontryagin type are discussed with the objective to minimize the number of infected individuals. Finally, numerical simulations are performed in the case of two strains of COVID-19 and with four control strategies. By using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) method, we show that combining vaccination with diagnosis provides the most cost-effective strategy.
The Psychosocial Therapy for Schizophrenia : A Systematic Review
Authors: Dharma I Dewa Gede Candra , Beo Yosef Andrian
Published: July 2022

Schizophrenia was a type of mental disorder with distortion characteristic in thought, perception, emotion, language, self-feeling, and behavior which could be cured when it was given a proper treatment and effective psychosocial therapy which aimed to increase life skill and train social skill. This article was aimed to identify which psychosocial therapy which could be given to schizophrenia patients when they were out from a mental hospital to prepare their selves back to society. The literature reviews were taken from four databases as ScienceDirect, CAB Direct, EBSCOhost, and SpringerLink by using following keywords: psychosocial therapy, schizophrenia therapy, and community therapy. Prefered Reporting Items For Sytematic Riviews (PRISMA) method was used to select the data by determining inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on the criteria, the researcher defined 15 articles from 2016 – 2021 to be further analyzed. The psychosocial therapy was a main focus which must be concerned on schizophrenia patients while they were out from the mental hospital or undergoing a treatment in Public health center to prepare their selves to be back to the community. There were several kinds of psychosocial therapy that could be implemented to schizophrenia patients as cognitive therapy, psycho education, community therapy, or therapy in a combination with other therapies. Moreover, the accessibility of rehabilitation center was the most important aspect to be existed in order to support the therapy implementation for schizophrenia patients while they were out from the mental hospital and back to their family and community.
Taking a closer look at occupational/career development in young adults with a complex congenital heart defect: A secondary analysis
Authors: Gonder Kristy , Clarkson Gina , Dwyer Kathleen
Published: July 2022

This study re-analyzed a detailed aspect of the emerging adult developmental period among a small sample of participants living with a complex (chronic) heart defect. The purpose of this analysis was to explore narratives specific to work and career variables among people with chronic heart disease. A qualitative secondary analysis was conducted to extract work and career variables from existing qualitative telephone semi-structured interviews (N=7). Three themes were identified from the analysis: (a) different from my peers’, (b) restructure and reframe’, and (c) ‘trying to find my niche in life. Congenital heart disease makes one reframe to approach life, ‘disrupts’ achieving developmental tasks. That would impact adult role expectations.
Improved Fire Disaster Mitigation Efforts through Nursing Disaster Education among a Boarding School Students and Teachers at Surakarta City
Authors: Zam Bagus Muhammad Iqbal Al Zam , Harnanto Addi Mardi , Widodo Widodo , Sunarto Sunarto , Sumardino Sumardino
Published: July 2022

Disaster events are also very risky to occur in the school area. The most common danger in school is fire. School disaster management includes the familiar procedural cycle found in planning and implementation of physical risk mitigation, safe facility maintenance, standard operating procedures, and disaster response training. This study aims to analyze the effect of nursing disaster education on increasing fire disaster mitigation efforts among students and teachers of a boarding school in Surakarta City. The research employed one group pretest posttest design. Sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling with the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of research samples was obtained by 64 respondents. The instruments in this study were questionnaires to find out the level of knowledge and attitudes of the level of fire disaster mitigation efforts. The hypothesis test used was the Paired T-test on the knowledge sub variable and Wilcoxon on the attitude sub variable. The study found both knowledge and attitude towards fire catastrophe mitigation improved between the pretest and posttest. The improvement in knowledge was 3.9 points, whereas the improvement in attitude was 4. The Sig result was 0.00 based on the t-test analysis of the knowledge sub variable. Furthermore, the Sig result was 0.00 based on the Wilcoxon analysis of attitude sub variable.It can be concluded that Nursing Disaster Education has an effect in improving fire disaster mitigation efforts in students and teachers in high schools.
The Relationship of Duration of Hemodialysis with Coping Mechanisms of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Underwent Hemodialysis
Authors: Dewayani I Gusti Agung Tirta , Lisnawati Ketut , Purwanti Ika Setya
Published: July 2022

Chronic Kidney Disease patients undergoing hemodialysis can cause stress to the patient. The longer the patient suffers from Chronic Kidney Disease, the more the patient has a variety of experiences with stressors due to the disease. These experiences can be used as an anticipatory effort in dealing with stressors experienced by patients. The purpose of this was the relationship between the duration of hemodialysis and the coping mechanism of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. This study used descriptive quantitative, with a correlation design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample was 111 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Sampling technique used the purposive sampling technique. The data collection instrument used a jalowiec coping scale questionnaire and length of underwent hemodialysis. The results showed that most respondents underwent hemodialysis in the category <8 months (70.3%). The coping mechanisms in most patients were categorized as adaptive (55%). It was concluded that there was a relationship between the duration of hemodialysis and the coping mechanism in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (p = 0,000). The correlation strength value is 0.402 (moderate strength), and the direction of the correlation is negative, it shows that if the length of time is more than eight months, then the patient's coping mechanism becomes adaptive. The patient has accepted the situation he was undergoing, which is due to routine hemodialysis, which causes the patient to often meet other patients with the same problem so that by often telling each other they can share experiences and problems and encourage each other.
Taxonomic status of Rana nigromaculata mongolia and the validity of Pelophylax tenggerensis (Anura, Ranidae)
Authors: ZHOU SHENGBO , HE LI , MA SIYU , XU SHUJUN , ZHAI QIANG , GUAN PING , WANG HUI , SHI JINGSONG
Published: July 2022

The Black-spotted Pond Frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, is widely distributed across mainland China, Korean Peninsula, and Japan. The taxonomic relationships among P. n. nigromaculatus, Rana nigromaculata mongolia (sensu P. n. mongolicus), and P. tenggerensis have long been ambiguous. Here we examine the topotype specimens of P. tenggerensis and R. n. mongolia, and provide phylogenic analyses based on four mitochondrial DNA sequences. The combined evidences from morphology and molecular phylogeny have shown the distinct specific-level of P. n. mongolicus that distant from P. nigromaculatus, while indicating the homogeneity between P. n. mongolicus and P. tenggerensis. Thus, we suggest elevating P. n. mongolicus as a full species Pelophylax mongolicus comb. nov., and place P. tenggerensis to be a secondary synonym of P. mongolicus comb. nov.
Revision of the genus Plesiochara Sawada (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Authors: INOUE SHÛGO , MARUYAMA MUNETOSHI
Published: July 2022

The Japanese species of the genus Plesiochara Sawada, 1989 (tribe Aleocharini) are revised. Four species are recognized from Japan: Plesiochara japonica (Sharp, 1874) comb. nov. (removed from Ocalea Erichson), P. nitida Sawada, 1990, P. inflexa sp. nov. and P. rufula sp. nov. Plesiochara fusca Sawada, 1989 is synonymized with P. japonica, syn. nov. All species are described or redescribed, and a key is provided.
A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber
Authors: DAVIDIAN ELENA M. , MANUKYAN ANDRANIK R. , BELOKOBYLSKIJ SERGEY A.
Published: July 2022

A new genus and species, of aphid parasitoid, Protoctonus groehni Davidian, gen. et sp. nov. (Braconidae: Aphidiinae), are described from Late Eocene Baltic amber. This new genus is similar to fossil genera Protacanthoides Mackauer, 1961, Promonoctonia Starý, 1973 and Sakhalinoctonus Davidian, 2021, as well as with extant Calaphidius Mackauer, 1961, Falciconus Mackauer, 1959 and Aclitus Foerster, 1862. The new genus differs from aforementioned ones by having fewer antennomeres, and in elements of fore wing venation, propodeum areolation, and shape and setosity of the ovipositor sheath.
A review of the subgenera Arichelonus, Megachelonus and Scabrichelonus of the genus Chelonus Panzer (Braconidae: Cheloninae) with description of five new species from China
Authors: ZHOU JIN-JIN , VAN ACHTERBERG KEES , TANG PU
Published: July 2022

The subgenus Arichelonus Viereck, 1913 of genus Chelonus Panzer, 1806 is newly recorded from China and five new species belonging to three different subgenera are described and illustrated from China, i.e., Chelonus (Arichelonus) allokotosus sp. nov., Chelonus (Arichelonus) kenosetrus sp. nov., Chelonus (Megachelonus) irilaminatus sp. nov., Chelonus (Megachelonus) macrodontus sp. nov., and Chelonus (Scabrichelonus) nigrifemoratus sp. nov. Keys to the currently known species of the subgenera Arichelonus, Megachelonus and Scabrichelonus are provided.
Two new fossil species of soldier beetles (Coleoptera, Cantharidae, Malthininae) from Baltic amber
Authors: PANKOWSKI MAXIMILIAN G. , FANTI FABRIZIO
Published: July 2022

Two new species of soldier beetles from the subfamily Malthininae—Malthinus masoni sp. nov. and Malthodes markpankowskii sp. nov.—are described from Baltic amber. Their discovery is yet more evidence of the remarkable number of Cantharidae in Europe during the Eocene. This diversity is likely the result of several forces, including the warmer climate that characterized the epoch as well as the wide variety of habitats where Baltic amber formed.