Comparative Study of Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Patients Infected by Dengue Fever at Tertiary Care Hospital at Fatehabad, Haryana
Authors:   Pathologist, Haryana Civil Medical Services, Civil Hospital Rd, Model Town, Fatehabad, Haryana 125050, India., Arun Prachi , Sangwan Lata ,   Biochemistry, Haryana Civil Medical Services, Civil Hospital Rd, Model Town, Fatehabad, Haryana 125050, India., Munjal Amit ,   Physician, Haryana Civil Medical Services, Civil Hospital Rd, Model Town, Fatehabad, Haryana 125050, India.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Dengue viral infections are the most important mosquito-borne diseases of the Indian subcontinent and have become a major global public concern. World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated about 50 million cases of dengue infection every year worldwide. This disease caused by dengue ranges from a relatively minor febrile illness to a lifethreatening condition characterized by extensive capillary leak. Apoptotic hepatocytes are found to be colocalized with dengue virus infected hepatocytes, suggesting that hepatocytes are the major site of dengue virus replication in the liver. Objective: To evaluate hematological and biochemical changes in serologically proven patients with clinical manifestations of dengue fever. Materials and Methods: The present study has been carried out in General Hospital Fatehabad, District Fatehabad, Haryana. Fifty patients suffering from fever were included in study. Blood samples of twentyfive febrile individuals belonging to each group, seronegative for Dengue (Group A) and seropositive Dengue subjects (Group B) were taken. Hb, TLC, Platelet count, SGOT and SGPT estimations were done of febrile patients seronegative for Dengue (Group A) and seropositive Dengue patients (Group B). Result: It was found that in seropositive dengue patients the Hb values are low as compared to seronegative dengue patients, i.e. Hb ranging from 5.8–11.2 gm/dl in seropositive dengue patients and 10.2–15.6 gm/dl in seronegative dengue patients. TLC range in seronegative dengue patients is 5800– 10800/cumm and in seropositive dengue patients it is recorded as 1300–4800/cumm. The study also depicted that platelet count is comparatively low among seropositive dengue patients, i.e. 20,000–80,000 cells/cumm as compared to seronegative dengue patients in which platelet count ranges from 1,58,000– 3,32,000 cells/cumm. SGOT and SGPT values are raised in seropositive dengue patients as compared to seronegative dengue patients with SGOT ranging between 68–540 IU/L among seropositive dengue patients and 8–40 IU/L among seronegative dengue patients. The values of SGPT range from 12–30 IU/L in seronegative dengue patients and 63–480 IU/L in seropositive dengue patients. Conclusion: Considering the results, it was concluded that in seropositive dengue patients Hb and platelet levels are low as compared to seronegative dengue patients whereas TLC levels show a decrease in seropositive Dengue patients but sometimes it may also be increased due to other bacterial infections. Biochemical markers, i.e. SGOT and SGPT were higher in seropositive dengue patients as compared to seronegative dengue patients.