bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Apriori Untuk Menentukan Pola Asosiasi Kerusakan Sparepart Vespa
Authors: Agustinus Hario Wibisono
Published: January 2020

MONDO vespa merupakan sebuah tempat service motor dan  penjualan sparepart vespa. Tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk menghasilkan suatu rancangan aplikasi yang dapat membantu untuk konsumen mengetahui sparepart aps saja yang harus diganti saat mempunyai masalah di motor vespa. Dalam merancang suatu sistem informasi untuk membantu konsumen dalam memilih sparepat yang akan diganti dibutuhkan suatu aplikasi yang gampang dan mudah dikases sehinggga konsumen dapat terbantu dalam mengetahui sparepat. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah metode Association Rules,dan dibangun dengan bahasa pemograman Android Studio dan untuk data menggunakan SQLite. Aplikasi ini dapat membantu konsumen dalam mengganti sparepart vespa dan mengetahui jenis sparepart.

Kata Kunci: Data Mining, Market Basket Analysis, Association Rules, Algoritma Apriori
The DOF Transcription Factors in Seed and Seedling Development
Authors: Ruta Veronica , Longo Chiara , Lepri Andrea , De Angelis Veronica , Occhigrossi Sara , Costantino Paolo , Vittorioso Paola
Published: January 2020

The DOF (DNA binding with one finger) family of plant-specific transcription factors (TF) was first identified in maize in 1995. Since then, DOF proteins have been shown to be present in the whole plant kingdom including the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The DOF TF family is characterised by a highly conserved DNA binding domain (DOF domain), consisting of a CX2C-X21-CX2C motif which is able to form a zinc finger structure. Early in the study of DOF proteins it became clear their relevance for seed biology. Indeed, the Prolamine Binding Factor (PBF), one of the first DOF proteins characterised, controls the endosperm-specific expression of the zein genes in maize. Subsequently, several DOF proteins from both monocots and dicots have been shown to be primarily involved in seed development, dormancy and germination, as well as in seedling development and other light-mediated processes. In the last two decades the molecular network underlying these processes have been outlined, and the main molecular players and their interactions have been identified. In this review, we will focus on the DOF TFs involved in these molecular networs, and on their interaction with other proteins.
Bridge Displacement Estimation Using a Co-Located Acceleration and Strain
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad Zohaib , Park Jongwoong
Published: January 2020

Structural displacement is an important metric for assessing structural conditions because it has a direct relationship with the structural stiffness. Many bridge displacement measurement techniques have been developed, but most methods require fixed reference points in the vicinity of the target structure which limits field implementations. A promising alternative is to use reference-free measurement techniques that indirectly estimate the displacement by using measurements such as acceleration, and strain. This paper proposes novel reference-free bridge displacement estimation by the fusion of single acceleration with pseudo-static displacement derived from co-located strain measurements. First, we propose a conversion of the strain at the center of a beam into displacement based on the geometric relationship between strain and deflection curves with reference-free calibration. Second, an adaptive Kalman filter is proposed to fuse the displacement generated by strain with acceleration by recursively estimate the noise covariance of displacement from strain measurements which is vulnerable to measurement condition. Both numerical and experimental validations are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed approach.
Cordycepin Resensitizes T24R2, Cisplatin-resistant Human Bladder Cancer Cell, to Cisplatin by Inhibiting the AKT-mediated Ets-1 Activation
Authors: Kim Kwang dong , Oh Sang-Seok , Lee Ki Won , Jeong Jin-Woo , Park Soojong , Kim Minju , Lee Yerin , Han Hyun-Tak , Hwangbo Cheol , Yoo Jiyun
Published: January 2020

Resistance of tumor cells to anticancer drugs is a major obstacle in tumor therapy. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of cordycepin-mediated resensitization to cisplatin inT24R2, a derived T24 cell line. Treatment with cordycepin or cisplatin (2 g/ml) alone could not induce cell death of T24R2, but combination treatment of these drugs significantly induced apoptosis of the cells through mitochondrial pathway including depolarization of mitochondrial membrane, decrease of anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, and increase of pro-apoptotic proteins, Bak and Bax. . High expression of MDR1 was the cause of cisplatin resistance in T24R2, and cordycepin significantly reduced MDR1 expression through inhibition of MDR1 promoter activity. MDR1 promoter activity was dependent on a transcription factor, Ets-1, in T24R2 cells. Although there is a correlation between MDR1 and Ets-1 expression in bladder cancer patients, active Ets-1, Thr-38 phosphorylated form (pThr-38), was critical to induce MDR1 expression. Cordycepin decreased pThr-38 Ets-1 level through inhibition of AKT, which reduced MDR1 transcription and induced the resensitization of T24R2 to cisplatin. The results suggest that cordycepin effectively resensitizes cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer cells to cisplatin, thus serving as a potential strategy for treatment of anti-cancer drug resistant patients.
Entrepreneurial Interest and Entrepreneurial Competence among Spanish Youth: An Analysis with Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Luis-Rico Isabel , Escolar-Llamazares María-Camino , De la Torre-Cruz Tamara , Jiménez Alfredo , Herrero Álvaro , Palmero-Cámara Carmen , Jiménez-Eguizábal Alfredo
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Studies of the socio-economic function of entrepreneurship have emphasized the critical role that entrepreneurial competence and its implementation play at different stages of the education system. In this paper, we seek to determine the entrepreneurial interest of Spanish youth aged between 15 to 18 years of age, who find themselves in the state-regulated education system, at an initial stage in the development of entrepreneurship. A previously validated ad hoc questionnaire was applied through simple random sampling to 1,764 students at a secondary school in Spain. The analysis is done with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), a technique that reduces the high dimensionality of data through Cooperative Maximum Likelihood Hebbian Learning (CMLHL), applying neurocomputational methods to the educational sciences. Spanish youth expressed a medium level of interest in entrepreneurship. Analysis with ANN shows that education in entrepreneurial competence is an influential aspect of interest in entrepreneurship. As conclusion, educational and curricular reforms must be undertaken to promote the development of entrepreneurial competence at various stages of compulsory education to increase interest in entrepreneurship.
Determinants of the Adoption of Sustainable Intensification in Southern African Farming Systems: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guo Qian , Ola Oreoluwa , Benjamin Emmanuel
Published: January 2020

Climate change and environmental degradation are major threats to sustainable agricultural development in Southern Africa. Thus, the concept of sustainable intensification (SI) i.e. getting more output from less input using certain practices such as agroforestry, organic fertilizer, sustainable water management etc. has become an important topic among researchers and policy makers in the region in the last three decades. A comprehensive review of literatures on the adoption of SI in the region identify nine relevant drivers of adoption of SI among (smallholder) farmers. These drivers include (i) age, (ii) size of arable land, (iii) education, (iv) extension services, (v) gender, (vi) household size, (vii) income, (viii) membership in farming organization and (ix) access to credit. We present the results of a meta-analysis of 21 papers on the impact of these determinants on SI adoption among (smallholder) farmers in Southern African Development Community (SADC) using random-effects estimation techniques for the true effect size. While our result suggests that variables such as extension services, education, age, and household size may influence the adoption of SI in SADC, factors such as access to credit is also of great importance. Decision-makers should therefore concentrate efforts on these factors in promoting SI across the SADC. This includes increasing the efficiency of public extension service as well as involvement of private sector in extension service. Furthermore, both public and private agriculture financing models should consider sustainability indicators in their assessment process.
Analytical Modeling of Residual Stress in Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Mirkoohi Elham , Ning Jinqiang , Liang Steven
Published: January 2020

Rapid and accurate prediction of residual stress in metal additive manufacturing processes is of great importance to guarantee the quality of the fabricated part to be used in a mission-critical application in the aerospace and automotive industries. Experimentation and numerical modeling are valuable tools for measuring and predicting the residual stress; however, to-date conducting experimentation and numerical modeling is expensive and time-consuming. Thus, herein, a physics-based thermomechanical analytical model is proposed to predict the residual stress of the additively manufactured part rapidly and accurately. A moving point heat source approach is used to predict the temperature field by considering the effects of scan strategies, heat loss, and energy needed for solid-state phase transformation. Due to the high temperature gradient in this process, part experiences a high amount of thermal stress following solidification which may exceed the yield strength of the material. The thermal stress is obtained using Green’s function of stresses due to the point body load. The Johnson-Cook flow stress model is used to predict the yield surface of the part under repeated heating and cooling. As a result of the cyclic heating and cooling and the fact that the material is yielded, the residual stress build-up is predicted based on incremental plasticity and kinematic hardening behavior of the metal according to the property of volume invariance in plastic deformation in coupling with the equilibrium and compatibility conditions. The computational methodology is realized with the laser powder fusion of maraging steel 350 as a material of example. The validation of the predictive models has been presented in terms of the comparison of predicted and measured scan-direction and build-direction residual stress distributions along depth of build under various process parameter combinations. Moreover, for the first time, the Jonson-Cook parameters of maraging steel 350 are predicted using analytical modeling of machining forces and non-linear optimization techniques.
Statins, Bone Biology and Revision Arthroplasty: Review of Clinical and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Sorial Antony K. , Anjum Sami A. , Cook Michael J. , Board Tim N. , O'Neill Terence W.
Published: January 2020

Osteoarthritis is a painful, disabling condition which is increasing in prevalence as a result of an ageing population. With no recognised disease limiting therapeutics, arthroplasty of the hip and knee is the most common and effective treatment for lower limb osteoarthritis, however lower limb arthroplasty has a finite life-span and a proportion of patients will require revision arthroplasty. With increasing life expectancy and the proportion of younger (<65 years) patients undergoing arthroplasty, the demand for revision arthroplasty after implant failure is also set to increase. Statins are cholesterol modulating drugs widely used for cardiovascular risk reduction, which have been noted to have pleiotropic effects including potentially influencing arthroplasty survival. Epidemiological and experimental research have demonstrated that there may be a biological and population-wide effect of statins in reducing the risk of revision arthroplasty. This work summarises the current breadth of evidence for this phenomenon including in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological research.
Modelling Hypertension and Risk Factors among Adults Using Ordinal Logistics Regression Model
Authors: Adenomon Monday Osagie , John Daniel Owoicholofu
Published: January 2020

There is high prevalence of hypertension and is rapidly increasing around the world, despite the intervention programme implemented, this study aimed at estimating the prevalence rate, test of association between hypertension and risk factors and model hypertension rate. Data used was obtained from the health record of Federal Medical Centre, Keffi from January 2016 – January 2019. Ordinal logistic regression model was used; Model Fitting Information, Goodness-of-Fit, Pseudo R-Square and Test of Parallel Lines are fitted to the data sets to test the accuracy and correctness of the model. The results indicated that the overall prevalence of hypertension rate is high at 36.4%, among the adult population, body mass index and gender are statistically significant, and Age is not significant in the study. Individuals that are overweight are more likely to be hypertensive compare to other weights. At age 40 – 49 years which have the highest rate of 26.5% and the odd ratio is 0.75 compared to others. One year increase in age 30 – 39, the cumulative odd of being hypertensive is 0.91 while other independent variables are held constant. The odd ratio of female being hypertensive is 0.85, therefore the females are more likely to be hypertensive with 54.4% compared to the males at 45.6% . There is no presence of multicolinearity among the variables and Logit models were formulated to calculate probabilities of the various possible outcomes.
Effects and Mechanisms of Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields on Cells
Authors: Gómez-Ríos David
Published: January 2020

Modern life implies a constant exposure of living organisms to electromagnetic fields generated by human made technology. The question of whether or not electromagnetic fields in the non-ionizing frequency range can affect cellular functions, increasing the risk of cancer or another pathologies is currently a subject of interest for scientific community of several disciplines of physics, biology, chemistry and medicine. The first part of this short review presents briefly the possible mechanism of interaction of electromagnetic fields in cellular level based in theoretical models and experimental results. The second part refers to experimental observations published by several authors about the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of electromagnetic fields. Results of researches are no yet conclusive enough to accept or reject the genotoxic, carcinogenic or cytotoxic potential of these fields. Up to date the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified the X, gamma and ultraviolet radiation as carcinogenic and the fields generated by radio frequencies as possibly carcinogenic.
Antiproliferation Activity and Mechanism of c9, t11, c15-CLNA and t9, t11, c15-CLNA from Lactobacillus plantarum ZS2058 on Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Ren Qing , Yang Bo , Zhu Guangzhen , Wang Shunyu , Fu Chengli , Zhang Hao , Ross Paul , Stanton Catherine , Chen Haiqin , Chen Wei
Published: January 2020

The probiotic bacterial strain Lactobacillus plantarum ZS2058 has been proved to manifest comprehensive functions, which were due to ability to synthesise conjugated fatty acids (CFAs). To investigate the specific functions of CFAs produced by this probiotic bacterium, α-linolenic acid was isomerized by Lactobacillus plantarum strain ZS2058, and two different conjugated α-linolenic acid (CLNA) isomers were successfully isolated. These isoforms, CLNA1 (c9, t11, c15-CLNA, purity 97.48%) and CLNA2 (c9, t11, t15-CLNA, purity 99.00%), both showed the ability to inhibit the growth of three types of colon cancer cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of MDA in Caco-2 cells was increased by CLNA1 or CLNA2, which indicated lipid peroxidation was related to the antiproliferation activity of CLNAs. Examination of the key protein of pyroptosis showed that CLNA1 induced the cleavage of caspase-1 and gasdermin-D, while CLNA2 induced the cleavage of caspase-4, 5 and gasdermin-D. The addition of relative inhibitors could alleviate the pyroptosis by CLNAs. CLNA1 and CLNA2 showed no effect on caspase-3, 7, 9 and PARP-1, which were key proteins associated with apoptosis. And no sub-diploid apoptotic peak appeared in the result of PI single staining test. In conclusion, CLNA1 activated caspase-1 and induced Caco-2 cell pyroptosis, whereas CLNA2 induced pyroptosis through the caspase-4/5-mediated pathway. The inhibition of Caco-2 cells by the two isomers was not related to apoptosis. This is the first report showing the ability of CLNAs to activate antioxidant defenses resulting in pyroptosis.
Migration and Selection Enforced Multiple Phenotypic and Genotypic Changes in the Population of Phytophthora infestans in Israel during the Last 36-Year Period
Authors: Cohen Yigal , Rubin Avia E. , Galperin Mariana , Shamaba Esti , Zig Uri , Cooke David E. L.
Published: January 2020

Late blight caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans is a devastating disease of potato and tomato worldwide, including Israel. The population structure of this pathogen was monitored in potato and tomato fields in Israel during a 36-year period of 1983-2019. Isolates of the pathogen were tested for sensitivity to phenylamide fungicides, mating type, race structure, and genotype. The phenotypic and genotypic structure of the population from potato have changed greatly from one year to another, from one season to the next, within a season and within a single field. Major changes also occurred in the population collected from tomato crops. The mechanisms driving these multiple changes and the heterogeneous nature of the population in Israel are shown to derive from multiple migration events of the pathogen via seed tubers from Europe and from fitness-driven selection processes.
Microscopic Laser Raman and Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Tengchongite
Authors: Qiu Linfei , Hu Baoqun , Fan Guang
Published: January 2020

Tengchongite is a uranyl molybdate uranium mineral and it was found and named by Chen 1985.No more scholars studied on tengchongite after Chen’s work, The identification of this mineral has only been confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In the paper, micro laser Raman spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy are used to identify the spectroscopy properties of tengchongite. The studies fill in the gaps of more than 30 years in terms of the molecular spectroscopy research of tengchongite. The mineral has an ideal model of Ca(UO2)6(MoO4)2O5•12H2O its bands attributed to the vibrating units are clearly identified in the Raman spectrum. Symmetric stretching modes at 812 cm-1 and 839 cm-1 are assigned to ν1 (UO2)2+ ,The ν3 antisymmetric stretching modes of (UO2)2+ are observed at 896 cm-1, Symmetric stretching modes at 419-1 and 440 cm-1 are assigned to ν2 (UO2)2+ .Symmetric stretching modes at 919cm-1 are assigned to ν1(MoO4)2-,The ν3 antisymmetric stretching modes of (MoO4)2- are observed at 752 cm-1, the in-plane ν2(MoO4)2-and the out-of-plane ν4(MoO4)2- bending modes are at 169 cm-1 and 254 cm-1. IR spectrum of tengchongite shows the major uranyl band at 858 cm-1 and 693 cm-1, Mo-O bonds are observed at about 985 cm-1 and 780 cm-1, and H2O groups are present with a wide range peaks from 3100 cm-1 to 3500 cm-1 and 1647 cm-1, and the band at 1432.4 cm-1 is probably due to the stretching vibration hydroxyl (OH-1), therefore, tengchongite contains may include hydroxyl and its chemical formula needs to be modified .
Energy Efficient Multi-Path Routing Algorithm Using Gray System Theory for Improvement of Routing and Network Stability in Internet of Things
Authors: Khaleghnasab Rogayye , Bagherifard Karamolah , Nejatian Samad , Ravaei Bahman
Published: January 2020

Internet of things (IoT) is a network of smart things. This indicates the ability of these physical things to transfer information with other physical things. The characteristics of these networks, such as topology dynamicity and energy constraint, challenges the routing problem in these networks. Previous routing methods could not achieve the required performance in this type of network. Therefore, developers of this network designed and developed specific methods in order to satisfy the requirements of these networks. One of the routing methods is utilization of multi-path protocols which send data to its destination using routes with separate links. One of such protocols is AOMDV routing protocol. In this paper, this method is improved using gray system theory which chooses the best paths used for separate routes to send packets. To do this, AOMDV packet format is altered and some fields are added to it so that energy criteria, link expiration time, and signal to noise ratio can also be considered while selecting the best route. The proposed method named RMPGST-IoT is introduced which chooses the routes with highest rank for concurrent transmission of data, using a specific routine based on the gray system theory. In order to evaluate and report the results, the proposed RMPGST-IoT method is compared to the ERGID and ADRM-IoT approaches with regard to throughput, packet receiving rate, packet loss rate, average remaining energy, and network lifetime. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed RMPGST-IoT compared to the ERGID and ADRM-IoT approaches.
Renewable Energy in Russia: A Forthcoming Transformation Driven by Economic and Industrial Factors
Authors: Pagliaro Mario
Published: January 2020

With a relatively small population, Russia accesses huge oil, natural gas, coal and uranium resources, and hosts advanced nuclear energy, oil and natural gas industries. However, the combined effect of today’s low cost electricity generation via photovoltaic modules, water and wind turbines and similarly low cost storage in Li-ion battery and solar hydrogen obtained via water electrolysis will have a profound impact on Russia’s energy and automotive industries.
The effect of Autonomy-Supportive Patient-Centered Communication on Health Literacy: Exploring the Mediating Role of the Patient Health Engagement Model
Authors: Barello Serena , Palamenghi Lorenzo , Graffigna Guendalina
Published: January 2020

Individuals with low health literacy (HL) are known to have poorer health outcomes and to have higher mortality rates compared to individuals with higher HL: hence, the improvement of HL is a key outcome in modern healthcare systems. Healthcare providers are therefore asked to support patients’ literacy skills by encouraging the implementation of autonomy-supportive patient centered communication (PCC), which in turn requires the enhancement of patient engagement. Our main hypothesis is that the well-known relationship between autonomy-supportive PCC and HL is mediated by patient engagement which is known to play a role in HL promotion and that is related to PCC as well. The purpose of this study was to formulate a hypothetical structural equation model (SEM) linking PCC to patient engagement and HL. A cross-sectional survey design was employed involving 1007 Italian chronic patients. The hypothetical model was tested using SEM to verify the hypothesized mediation of patient engagement between PCC and HL. Results show that the theoretical model has a good fit indexes and that patient engagement fully mediates the relationship between PCC and HL. This finding suggests healthcare systems to implement a new paradigm where patients are supported to play an autonomous role in their own healthcare.
Core Competency Deficits in Failed Startup Teams: Towards a Startup-specific Behavioral Competency Model
Authors: Szathmari Edit , Varga Zoltan , Molnar Attila , Nemeth Gergely , Kiss Orhidea
Published: January 2020

Purpose: There is limited research on the reasons behind startup failure, and none of the available studies use a competency approach. In this study we applied Spencer’s competency model to identify the competencies in startups which, according to their CEOs, contributed to failure. Methodology: Three coders analyzed the stories of 50 startup failures published online using modified Critical Incident Technique. Findings: Two salient competencies were identified playing a fundamental role in startup failures if missing: Information seeking and Customer service orientation. A network pattern of 9 more prevalent competency deficits was created: Technical/professional/managerial expertise, Analytical thinking, Flexibility, Self-control, Concern for order, quality and accuracy, Interpersonal understanding, Self-confidence, Team leadership and Teamwork and cooperation. Besides startup-specific behavior descriptions were added to Spencer’s competencies. Research implications: Competency approach and Critical Incident Technique method proved to be feasible to identify competency deficits in failed startups. Practical implications: The identified competency deficits offer relevant focus areas for the assessment and development of startup teams. Originality: The study provided research evidence to describe the competency deficits of startup teams that are connected to their failure.
Physicochemical Composition, Antioxidant Profile and Anticancer Potentialities of Chico (Pachycereus Weberi) and Jiotilla (Escontria Chiotilla) Fruits Extract
Authors: Sandate-Flores Luisaldo , Romero-Esquivel Eduardo , Ontiveros Patricia Reyna , Celaya Marcos Fredy Morales , Rodriguez-Rodriguez José , Rostro-Alanis Magdalena , Melchor Martínez Elda Madai , Castillo-Zacarias Carlos , Chen Wei Ning , Iqbal Hafiz M.N. , Parra-Saldívar Roberto
Published: January 2020

Mexico has a great diversity of cacti, however, many of their fruits have not been studied in greater depth. Several bioactive compounds available in cacti juices extract have demonstrated nutraceutical properties. Two cactus species are interesting for their biologically active pigments, which are chico (Pachycereus weberi (J. M.Coult.) Backeb)) and jiotilla (Escontria chiotilla (Weber) Rose)). Hence, the goal of this work was to evaluate the bioactive entities, i.e., betalains, total phenolic, vitamin C, antioxidant activity, and mineral content in the extract of the above-mentioned P. weberi and E. chiotilla. Then, clarified extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity (cancer cell lines) potentialities. Based on the obtained results, Chico fruit extract was found to be a good source of vitamin C (27.19±1.95 mg L-Ascorbic acid/100g fresh sample). Moreover, chico extract resulted in a high concentration of micronutrients, i.e., potassium (517.75±16.78 mg/100 g) and zinc (2.46±0.65 mg/100 g). On the other hand, Jiotilla has a high content of biologically active pigment, i.e., betaxanthins (4.17±0.35 mg/g dry sample). The antioxidant activities of clarified extracts of chico and jiotilla were 80.01±5.10 and 280.88±7.62 (DPPH method), respectively. From the cytotoxicity perspective against cancer cell lines, i.e., CaCo-2, MCF-7, HepG2, and PC-3, the clarified extracts of chico showed cytotoxicity in CaCo-2 (49.7±0.01) and MCF-7 (45.56±0.05). Normal fibroblast cell line (NIH/3T3) was used as a control for comparison purposes. While, jiotilla extract had cytotoxicity against HepG2 (47.31±0.03) and PC-3 (53.65±0.04). These results demonstrated that Chico and jiotilla are good resources of biologically active constituents with nutraceuticals potentialities.
Effects of Multi-pass Friction Stir Processing on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of 1060Al/Q235 Explosive Composite Plate
Authors: Wang Jian , Cheng Yun , Li Bo , Chen Cheng
Published: January 2020

There always exist steel cuttings, holes and cracks at the interfaces in the explosive composite plate. Multi-pass friction stir processing (M-FSP) is proposed in this research to optimize the interface microstructure and the interface connection for 1060Al/Q235 explosive composite plate. Results show that the microstructures of 1060Al after M-FSP are fine and uniform owing to the strong stirring effect and recrystallization. Micro-defects formed by the explosive welding can be repaired by the M-FSP. However, M-FSP can also form tunnel defects in the aluminum, especially when the passes are one and two. The melting block and the melting lump in the composite plates are easy to become source of crack. The shear strengths and the bending properties for the 1060Al/Q235 explosive composite plate after M-FSP are the best when the passes are three, with the tool rotation speed of 1200rpm and the forward speed of 60mm/min. The optimized interfaces for the explosive composite plate after M-FSP are mainly by the metallurgical bondings, with a certain thickness and are discontinuous. Therefore, the crack extension stress is the largest and the mechanical properties are the best.
The Italian Path toward SDGs Implementation: a First Mapping Exercise
Authors: Sonetti Giulia , Barioglio Caterina , campobenedetto daniele
Published: January 2020

Unlike other SDGs, the SDG4 about quality education is not a goal in itself, but rather a tool to achieve different goals. Universities in this respect play a crucial role in the short-term implementation of SDGs for education, including new approaches and contents. Current academic debates explore the best practices via deductive-theoretical or inductive-experiential methods, yet not always considering the geographical, and therefore cultural and infrastructural factors affecting the success and the failure of such practices. In this paper, we systematize the implementation of SDGs in Italian universities from 2016 to 2019. Eighteen experiences have been collected after a national call by the Italian Network of Sustainable Universities (RUS) aimed at mapping the current landscape of SDG related actions. Results have been analyzed according to two criteria: 1- the educational "container" where the SDGs implementation takes place (from random workshops to dedicated courses); 2- the different organizational scales (from the foundation of a new department to the campaigns by local green teams). With this paper, we do not propose a total refunding or "deus-ex-machina" solutions, disregarding the local factors and the local resources in Italian universities.
On the contrary, we draw a map to propose the reuse of an existing structure with adjustments, retrofitting and renewal actions towards holistic and coordinated sustainability efforts. Results show that, within the Italian context, SDGs implementation is still primarily understood as a strategic element for branding and promoting the green image of the Athenaeum. Secondarily, it is seen whether as a separate discipline to be inserted into existing curricula and original teachings or as a conceptual tool for remedying specific societal challenges through random workshops or fieldworks. Conclusions highlight the value of this first Country-wide systematization of the Italian Higher Education Institutions toward SDGs implementation. This exercise avoids individual experiences remaining isolated and self-concluded, and, most importantly, provides comparability and transferability criteria to help similar cases. Further works envisage the recognition of same elements in the broader European traditions, as well as the enhancement of stimuli for a personal and societal transformation generated by the partnership of all those people and institutions engaged in the exciting yet urgent defy of today's societal challenges.
The Effect of Calcination Temperature on Cobalt Oxide Species and Performance for Catalytic Ozonation of NH4+ in Water
Authors: Mahardiani Lina
Published: January 2020

Cobalt oxide catalysts can be prepared by impregnation and calcined under different temperature to obtained different species of cobalt oxide, namely CoO(OH), Co3O4, and CoO. Co3O4 was the most appropriate catalyst for decomposing NH4+ with O3 in the presence of Cl– because of relatively high activity, 74%, and high selectivity for gas products, 88%, compared to CoO and CoO(OH). Cl– is necessary to proceed the catalytic ozonation of NH4+ since Cl– participate in the catalytic ozonation mechanism, while SO42– inhibited the process. During the catalytic ozonation of NH4+, Co3O4 showed no deactivation rather than enhanced the catalytic performance after repeated used up to 100% of NH4+ conversion. The Co3O4 can be regenerated by recalcining the catalyst under air at high temperature.
Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Avocado Seed Starch (KIT-PBA) Edible Film
Authors: Susilowati Endang , Lestari Ary Eny
Published: January 2020

Chitosan is a biopolymer that has the advantage of being able to form films that are non-toxic which has great potential to form edible films. To improve the properties of edible films in the form of antioxidants, it is necessary to add other materials such as avocado seed starch. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of avocado seed starch on mechanical properties, degree of swelling and solubility of edible film chitosan-Avocado Seed Starch (Kit-PBA). This study uses a laboratory experimental method. Steps in this study are (1) extraction of avocado seed starch; (2) Making edible film Kit-PBA (mixing chitosan and avocado seed starch), heating and neutralizing) with a ratio between chitosan: avocado seed starch are at 50:50; 60:40; 70:30; 80:20; 90:10; 100: 0; (3) Characterization of Kit-PBA are (tensile strength and elongation) edible film mechanical properties, swelling test and solubility test. The results showed that the higher the concentration of chitosan in the Kit-PBA edible film, the tensile and elongation strength values would increase while the degree of swelling and solubility would decrease.
Patrones espaciales de localización de alojamientos turísticos mediante análisis complementarios e integrados: SIG, sintaxis espacial y web-scraping
Authors: Campos-Sánchez Francisco Sergio , Chillón Palma
Published: January 2020

El turismo urbano es una importante actividad para las ciudades en la actualidad. Es responsable de la transformación y especialización de múltiples áreas urbanas a nivel mundial, lo que no está exento de problemas. Las investigaciones al respecto se han producido sobre grandes ciudades, existiendo un vacío de conocimiento sobre categorías urbanas inferiores. El alojamiento es la infraestructura básica que lo soporta, constituyendo su localización un indicador de idoneidad turística. El objeto del trabajo consiste en conocer qué factores ambientales y en qué medida respaldan la elección de alojamiento turístico según su localización. Para ello se geocodifican los alojamientos estudiados, se mapean factores de influencia y se realizan análisis espaciales y de proximidad. Posteriormente se comprueba estadísticamente la relación entre factores ambientales y evaluaciones web post-compra de viajeros. Los resultados muestran cómo el turismo urbano se distribuye espacialmente respondiendo a patrones relacionados con los usos del suelo y la cercanía a las atracciones turísticas. Se evidencia un ejemplo de estructura turística propia de ciudades medias constituida por ubicaciones de alojamientos bien valoradas próximas a concentraciones turísticas patrimoniales localizadas en el centro histórico. Los resultados pueden ser útiles a la inversión privada y a la planificación para mejorar estas ciudades.
Nursing staff’s evaluation of facilitators and barriers during implementation of wireless nurse call systems in residential care facilities. A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Dugstad Janne , Sundling Vibeke , Nilsen Etty R. , Eide Hilde
Published: January 2020

Background: Traditional nurse call systems used in residential care facilities rely on patients to summon assistance for routine or emergency needs. Wireless nurse call systems (WNCS) offer new affordances for persons unable to actively or consciously engage with the system, allowing detection of hazardous situations, prevention and timely treatment, as well as enhanced nurse workflows. This study aimed to explore facilitators and barriers of implementation of WNCSs in residential care facilities. Methods: The study had a cross-sectional descriptive design. We collected data from care providers (n=98) based on the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovation (MIDI) framework in five Norwegian residential care facilities during the first year of WNCS implementation. The self-reporting MIDI questionnaire was adapted to the contexts. Descriptive statistics were used to explore participant characteristics and MIDI item and determinant scores (D1-29). MIDI items to which ≥20% of participants disagreed/totally disagreed were regarded as barriers and items to which ≥80% of participants agreed/totally agreed were regarded as facilitators for implementation. Results: More facilitators (n=22) than barriers (n=6) were identified. The greatest facilitators, reported by 98% of the care providers, were the expected outcomes: the importance and probability of achieving prompt call responses and increased safety (D9 expected outcomes), and the normative belief of unit managers (D15 subjective norm). During the implementation process, 87% became familiar with the systems (D18 awareness of content), and 86% and 90%, respectively regarded themselves (D17 knowledge) and their colleagues (D14 descriptive norm) as competent users of the WNCS. The most salient barriers, reported by 37%, were their lack of prior knowledge (D17 knowledge) and that they found the WNCS difficult to learn (D8 personal drawback). No features of the technology were identified as barriers. Conclusions: Overall, the care providers gave a positive evaluation of the WNCS implementation. The barriers to implementation were addressed by training and practicing technological skills, facilitated by the influence and support by the manager and the colleagues within the residential care unit. WNCSs offer a range of advanced applications and services, and further research is needed as more WNCS functionalities are implemented into residential care services.
Hospital Accreditation: A solution for Iranian challenges or a challenge for the hospitals?
Authors: Bordbar Najme , Manesh Fatemeh Golestan , Kavosi Zahra , Pourmohammadi Kimia , Ravangard Ramin , Kashefian-Naeeini Sara , Bastani Peivand
Published: January 2020

Background: Inasmuch as accreditation is of great significance for hospitals, this study aimed to explain the accreditation challenges of Iranian hospitals through a content analysis approach. Methods: A qualitative study was run through the content analysis method in 2018. 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts and data were saturated. To increase the accuracy and precision of the study, Guba and Lincoln’s four criteria including credibility, dependability, conformability and transferability were used. MAX QDA 10 was used for data analysis via 5-step framework analysis approach. Results: The findings identify 5 main themes and 29 subthemes. The main themes included macro and policy making issues, evaluators' issues, structures and processes, executive issues, and accreditation measures. The macro policy making issues include: non-alignment of accreditation policies, waste of resources, lack of independent organization for accreditation, ignoring the stakeholders and contradictory regulations. Evaluators issues contain: shortage of evaluators, high current expenditures of evaluators, lack of motivation, irrelevancy of evaluators' expertise, conflict of interest and irregular and tight schedules of evaluations. Structural and process challenges involve: ignoring the infrastructures, unstandardized old hospital buildings, lack of competition between hospitals, Inconsistency of hospitals` strategic plan and instrumental use of accreditation by hospitals. Executive issues comprise high workload and dissatisfaction, lack of attention to main tasks, staff resistance against accreditation, lack of physicians` involvement and its time-consuming nature. And finally the last theme, Accreditation measures consist: Interference and parallel measures, ambiguity and unclearness of measures, using the same measures for different hospitals, weakness of measures, uniform weight of measures, inappropriate structure of scoring and failure to revise the measures. Conclusion: The results shed light on the fact that Iranian hospitals need to experience major changes in applying accreditation as a quality assurance mechanism. In other words, it seems necessary for policy makers affiliated with Ministry of Health and Medical education to revise accreditation measures according to hospital needs and try to clarify the structure and executive process of the accreditation. Moreover, improving and standardizing the evaluators` skills is recommended.
Association between motoric cognitive risk syndrome and frailty among older Chinese adults
Authors: Shen Shanshan , Zeng Xingkun , Xu Liyu , Chen Lingyan , Liu Zixia , Chu Jiaojiao , Yang Yinghong , Wu Xiushao , Chen Xujiao
Published: January 2020

Background: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a newly proposed predementia syndrome incorporating subjective cognitive complaints and slow gait. Previous studies have reported that subjective cognitive complaints and slow gait are associated with frailty in cognitively unimpaired older adults, but little is known about the link between MCR and frailty in older adults. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explore the associations of MCR and its components with frailty in older Chinese adults. Methods: In an observational cross-sectional study, a total of 429 older adults aged 60 years and older were admitted to the geriatric department. According to MCR criteria, all participants were classified into 4 groups: 1) the MCR group; 2) the subjective cognitive complaints only group; 3) the slow gait only group; and 4) the healthy control group. Physical frailty was assessed by the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between MCR and frailty in older adults. Results: The prevalence rates of subjective cognitive complaints, slow gait and MCR were 15.9%, 10.0% and 4.0%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding variables, the logistic regression analysis showed that slow gait (odds ratio [OR]: 3.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40-8.23, P=0.007) and MCR (OR: 5.53, 95% CI: 1.46-20.89, P=0.012) were independently associated with frailty, but subjective cognitive complaints were not. Conclusions: MCR and slow gait were significantly associated with frailty in older Chinese adults. Further studies should prospectively determine the causal relationship between MCR and frailty.
BRAF mutant colorectal cancer: ErbB2 expression levels as predictive factor for the response to combined BRAFi/ErbB1 inhibitors
Authors: Miele Evelina , Abballe Luana , Spinelli Gian Paolo , Besharat Zein Mersini , Catanzaro Giuseppina , Chiacchiarini Martina , Vacca Alessandra , Po Agnese , Capalbo Carlo , Ferretti Elisabetta
Published: January 2020

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease with a complex biology and a wide number of altered genes such as BRAF, KRAS and PIK3CA. Advances with new-targeted therapies have been achieved and available treating options have prolonged patient’s survival. However, BRAF-mutated CRC patients remain unresponsive to available therapies with RAF inhibitors (RAFi) alone or combined with ErbB inhibitors (ErbBi). These unmet needs require further exploitation of oncogenic signaling in order to set up individualized treatments.
Methods: To this end, we tested the efficacy of single agent or combined treatments using the BRAFi, vemurafenib and two different ErbBi: panitumumab and afatinib in CRC cells characterized by different molecular phenotypes.
Results: Combination strategies with BRAFi and ErbBi achieved a better response in BRAF V600E mutated cells expressing high levels of ErbB2.
Conclusions: Our findings support the importance of ErbB2 evaluation in BRAF-mutated CRC patients and its role as a positive predictor factor of response to BRAFi/ErbBi combination.
Downregulation of S100 Calcium Binding Protein A12 inhibits the growth of glioma cells
Authors: Lu Chunhe , Liu Jia , Yao Mingze , Li Lun , Li Guangyu
Published: January 2020

Introduction: S100 Calcium Binding Protein A12 (S100A12) is a member of the S100 protein family and is widely expressed in neutrophil and low expressed in lymphocytes and monocyte. However, the role of S100A12 in glioma has not yet been identified. Methods: In the present study, we carried out immunohistochemical investigation of S100A12 in 81 glioma tissues to determine the expression of s100A12 in glioma cells, and evaluate the clinical significance of S100A12 in glioma patients. Futher we knockdown the S100A12 by ShRNA, and evaluated cell proliferation, cell migration and cell apoptosis by MTT,clony formation assay, transwell assay ,flow cytometry assa and westernblot. Results: We found that S100A12 was upregulated in tissues of glioma patients and the expression was correlated to WHO stage and tumor size. Further, we found that knockdown S100A12 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells through regulating cell apoptosis and EMT. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated a novel function for S100A12 in glioma progression and suggested that S100A12 may be served as a new marker in the tumorigenesis and progression of glioma.
Transcriptomic analysis of flower induction for long-day pitaya by supplementary lighting in short-day winter season
Authors: Xiong Rui , Liu Chengli , Xu Min , Wei Shuang-Shuang , Huang Jia-quan , Tang Hua
Published: January 2020

Background: Pitayas are currently attracting considerable interest as a tropical fruit with numerous health benefits. However, as a long-day plant, pitaya plants cannot flower in the winter season from November to April in Hainan, China. To harvest pitayas with high economic value in the winter season, it is necessary to provide supplementary lighting at night to induce flowering. To further explore the molecular regulating mechanisms of flower induction in pitaya plants exposed to supplementary lighting, we used de novo RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis for four stages of pitaya plants subjected to light induction. Results: We assembled 68113 unigenes in total, comprising 29782 unigenes with functional annotations in the NR database, 20716 annotations in SwissProt, 18088 annotations in KOG, and 11059 annotations in KEGG. Comparisons between different samples revealed different numbers of significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A number of DEGs involved in energy metabolism-related processes and plant hormone signaling were detected. Moreover, we identified many CONSTANS-LIKE, FLOWERING LOCUS T, and other DEGs involved in the direct regulation of flowering including CDF and TCP, which function as typical transcription factor genes in the flowering process. At the transcriptomic level, we verified 13 DEGs with different functions in the time-course response to light-induced flowering by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR analysis. Conclusions: The identified DEGs may include some key genes controlling the pitaya floral-induction network, the flower induction and development is very complicated, and it involves photoperiod perception and different phytohormone signaling. These findings will increase our understanding to the molecular mechanism of floral regulation of long-day pitaya plants in short-day winter season induced by supplementary lighting.