bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodiversity of Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae) in Southern Europe and Macaronesia
Authors: Jaklitsch W.M. , Voglmayr H.
Published: January 2015

The first large-scale survey of sexual and asexual Trichoderma morphs collected from plant and fungal materials conducted in Southern Europe and Macaronesia including a few collections from French islands east of Africa yielded more than 650 specimens identified to the species
level. Routine sequencing of tef1 revealed a genetic variation among these isolates that exceeds previous experience and ca. 90 species were recognized, of which 74 are named and 17 species newly described. Aphysiostroma stercorarium is combined in Trichoderma.
For the first time a sexual morph is described for T. hamatum. The hitherto most complete phylogenetic tree is presented for the entire genus Trichoderma, based on rpb2 sequences. For the first time also a genus-wide phylogenetic tree based on acl1 sequences
is shown. Detailed phylogenetic analyses using tef1 sequences are presented in four separate trees representing major clades of Trichoderma. Discussions involve species composition of clades and ecological and biogeographic considerations including distribution of species.
The role of work group context and information seeking in newcomer socialization: An interactionist perspective
Authors: Zou Wen-Chi , Tian Qing , Liu Jia
Published: January 2015

This study examined how information seeking and proximal adjustment outcomes (role clarity and social integration) mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and distal adjustment outcome (affective organizational commitment) in work group context. The results of hierarchical linear modeling involving 212 newcomers and their 53 immediate supervisors revealed that information seeking mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and proximal adjustment outcomes. These in turn were positively related to distal adjustment outcome. Furthermore, work group structure was found to moderate the relationship between transformational leadership and newcomer information seeking.
Glucose metabolism and gene expression in juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) challenged with a high carbohydrate diet: effects of an acute glucose stimulus during late embryonic life
Authors: Rocha Filipa , Dias Jorge , Engrola Sofia , Gavaia Paulo , Geurden Inge , Dinis Maria Teresa , Panserat Stephane
Published: January 2015

Knowledge on the role of early nutritional stimuli as triggers of metabolic pathways in fish is extremely scarce. The objective of the present study was to assess the long-term effects of glucose injection in the yolk (early stimulus) on carbohydrate metabolism and gene regulation in zebrafish juveniles challenged with a high-carbohydrate low-protein (HC) diet. Eggs were microinjected at 1 d post-fertilisation (dpf) with either glucose (2 m) or saline solutions. Up to 25 dpf, fish were fed a low-carbohydrate high-protein (LC) control diet, which was followed by a challenge with the HC diet. Survival and growth of 35 dpf juveniles were not affected by injection or the HC diet. Glucose stimulus induced some long-term metabolic changes in the juveniles, as shown by the altered expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism. On glycolysis, the expression levels of hexokinase 1 (HK1) and phosphofructokinase-6 (6PFK) were up-regulated in the visceral and muscle tissues, respectively, of juveniles exposed to the glucose stimulus, indicating a possible improvement in glucose oxidation. On gluconeogenesis, the inhibition of the expression levels ofPEPCKin fish injected with glucose suggested lower production of hepatic glucose. Unexpectedly, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP) expression was induced and6PFKexpression reduced by glucose stimulus, leaving the possibility of a specific regulation of the FBP–6PFK metabolic cycle. Glucose metabolism in juveniles was estimated using a [14C]glucose tracer; fish previously exposed to the stimulus showed lower retention of [14C]glucose in visceral tissue (but not in muscle tissue) and, accordingly, higher glucose catabolism, in comparison with the saline group. Globally, our data suggest that glucose stimulus at embryo stage has the potential to alter particular steps of glucose metabolism in zebrafish juveniles.
Early weaning by maternal prolactin inhibition leads to higher neuropeptide Y and astrogliosis in the hypothalamus of the adult rat offspring
Authors: Younes-Rapozo Viviane , Moura Egberto G. , Manhães Alex C. , Peixoto-Silva Nayara , de Oliveira Elaine , Lisboa Patricia C.
Published: January 2015

The suppression of prolactin production with bromocriptine (BRO) in the last 3 d of lactation reduces milk yield (early weaning) and increases the transfer of leptin through the milk, causing hyperleptinaemia in pups. In adulthood, several changes occur in the offspring as a result of metabolic programming, including overweight, higher visceral fat mass, hypothyroidism, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, hyperleptinaemia and central leptin resistance. In the present study, we investigated whether overweight rats programmed by early weaning with maternal BRO treatment have hypothalamic alterations in adulthood. We analysed the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) by immunohistochemistry in the following hypothalamic nuclei: medial and lateral arcuate nucleus (ARC); paraventricular nucleus (PVN); lateral hypothalamus (LH). Additionally, we sought to determine whether these programmed rats exhibited hypothalamic inflammation as indicated by astrogliosis. NPY immunostaining showed a denser NPY-positive fibre network in the ARC and PVN (+82 % in both nuclei) of BRO offspring. Regarding the anorexigenic neuropeptides, no difference was found for CART, POMC and α-MSH. The number of astrocytes was higher in all the nuclei of BRO rats. The fibre density of glial fibrillary acidic protein was also increased in both medial and lateral ARC (6·06-fold increase and 9·13-fold increase, respectively), PVN (5·75-fold increase) and LH (2·68-fold increase) of BRO rats. We suggest that early weaning has a long-term effect on the expression of NPY as a consequence of developmental plasticity, and the presence of astrogliosis indicates hypothalamic inflammation that is closely related to overweight and hyperleptinaemia observed in our model.
Humoral immunocompetence shifts in response to developmental stage change and mating access in Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Shi Z. , Lin Y. , Hou Y. , Zhang H.
Published: January 2015

Because immune defenses are often costly employed, insect immunocompetence cannot be always maintained at its maximum level. Here, the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), was used as a study object to investigate how its immune defenses varied with the developmental stage change and mating access. Our data indicated that both phenoloxidase (PO) activity and antibacterial activity significantly increased from new larvae to pupae but decreased in adults after emergence. Furthermore, both the PO activity and antibacterial activity in the hemolymph of copulated male and female adults were dramatically higher than that of virgin male and female ones, respectively. It provided the evidence that copulation could increase the magnitude of immune defense in hemolymph of B. dorsalis. Together, these results suggest that B. dorsalis possess a flexible investment strategy in immunity to meet its specific needs based on the endo- and exogenous factors, such as their distinct food source and living environments.
Opportunistic behaviour or desperate measure? Logging impacts may only partially explain terrestriality in the Bornean orang-utan Pongo pygmaeus morio
Authors: Loken Brent , Boer Chandradewana , Kasyanto Nunuk
Published: January 2015

There is a lack of information on how the Endangered Bornean orang-utan Pongo pygmaeus morio moves through its environment. Here we report on a camera-trapping study carried out over 2.5 years to investigate the orang-utan's terrestrial behaviour in Wehea Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. We set 41 camera trap stations in an area of secondary forest, 36 in recently logged forest immediately adjacent to Wehea Forest, and 20 in an area of primary forest in the heart of Wehea Forest. A combined sampling effort of 28,485 trap nights yielded 296 independent captures of orang-utans. Of the three study sites, orang-utans were most terrestrial in recently logged forest, which may be only partially explained by breaks in the canopy as a result of logging activity. However, orang-utans were also terrestrial in primary forest, where there was a closed canopy and ample opportunity for moving through the trees. Our results indicate that orang-utans may be more terrestrial than previously thought and demonstrate opportunistic behaviour when moving through their environment, including using newly constructed logging roads for locomotion, possibly indicating some degree of resilience to human disturbance. This finding is important because of the potential role of sustainably logged forests for orang-utan conservation.
The familial basis of facial emotion recognition deficits in adolescents with conduct disorder and their unaffected relatives
Authors: Sully K. , Sonuga-Barke E. J. S. , Fairchild G.
Published: January 2015

Background

There is accumulating evidence of impairments in facial emotion recognition in adolescents with conduct disorder (CD). However, the majority of studies in this area have only been able to demonstrate an association, rather than a causal link, between emotion recognition deficits and CD. To move closer towards understanding the causal pathways linking emotion recognition problems with CD, we studied emotion recognition in the unaffected first-degree relatives of CD probands, as well as those with a diagnosis of CD.

Method

Using a family-based design, we investigated facial emotion recognition in probands with CD (n = 43), their unaffected relatives (n = 21), and healthy controls (n = 38). We used the Emotion Hexagon task, an alternative forced-choice task using morphed facial expressions depicting the six primary emotions, to assess facial emotion recognition accuracy.

Results

Relative to controls, the CD group showed impaired recognition of anger, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise (allp < 0.005). Similar to probands with CD, unaffected relatives showed deficits in anger and happiness recognition relative to controls (allp < 0.008), with a trend toward a deficit in fear recognition. There were no significant differences in performance between the CD probands and the unaffected relatives following correction for multiple comparisons.

Conclusions

These results suggest that facial emotion recognition deficits are present in adolescents who are at increased familial risk for developing antisocial behaviour, as well as those who have already developed CD. Consequently, impaired emotion recognition appears to be a viable familial risk marker or candidate endophenotype for CD.
Kinematic analysis of a novel 2(3-

R

US) parallel manipulator
Authors: Sánchez-Alonso Róger E. , González-Barbosa José-Joel , Castillo-Castaneda Eduardo , Gallardo-Alvarado Jaime
Published: January 2015

This paper introduces a novel 6-DOF parallel manipulator, which is composed of two 3-RUS parallel manipulators that share a common three-dimensional moving platform. Semi-analytical form solutions are easily obtained to solve the forward displacement analysis of the robot using the non-planar geometry of the moving platform, whereas the velocity, acceleration, and singularity analyses are performed using screw theory. A case study is included to show the application of the kinematic model, which is verified with the aid of a commercially available software. Simple kinematic analysis and reduced singular regions are the main benefits of the proposed parallel manipulator.
WORKING WITH CLAY
Authors: Joyce Rosemary A. , Hendon Julia A. , Lopiparo Jeanne
Published: January 2015

Evidence from sites in the lower Ulua valley of north-central Honduras, occupied betweena.d.500 and 1000, provides new insight into the connections between households, craft production, and the role of objects in maintaining social relations within and across households. Production of pottery vessels, figurines, and other items in a household context has been documented at several sites in the valley, including Cerro Palenque, Travesía, Campo Dos, and Campo Pineda. Differences in raw materials, in what was made, and in the size and design of firing facilities allow us to explore how crafting with clay created communities of practice made up of people with varying levels of knowledge, experience, and skill. We argue that focusing on the specific features of a particular craft and the crafter's perspective gives us insight into the ways that crafting contributed to the reproduction of social identities, local histories, and connections among members of communities of practice who comprised multicrafting households.
Minimal second language exposure, SES, and early word comprehension: New evidence from a direct assessment
Authors: DEANDA STEPHANIE , ARIAS-TREJO NATALIA , POULIN-DUBOIS DIANE , ZESIGER PASCAL , FRIEND MARGARET
Published: January 2015

Although the extant literature provides robust evidence of the influence of language exposure and socioeconomic status (SES) on language acquisition, it is unknown how sensitive the early receptive vocabulary system is to these factors. The current study investigates effects of minimal second language exposure and SES on the comprehension vocabulary of 16-month-old children in the language in which they receive the greatest exposure. Study 1 revealed minimal second language exposure and SES exert significant and independent effects on a direct measure of vocabulary comprehension in English-dominant and English monolingual children (N = 72). In Study 2, we replicated the effect of minimal second language exposure in Spanish-dominant and Spanish monolingual children (N = 86), however no effect of SES on vocabulary was obtained. Our results emphasize the sensitivity of the language system to minimal changes in the environment in early development.
Implementing elements of a context-adapted chronic care model to improve first-line diabetes care: effects on assessment of chronic illness care and glycaemic control among people with diabetes enrolled to the First-Line Diabetes Care (FiLDCare) Project in the Northern Philippines
Authors: Ku Grace M.V. , Kegels Guy
Published: January 2015

Aim

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of implementing elements of a context-adapted chronic disease-care model (CACCM) in two local government primary healthcare units of a non-highly urbanized city and a rural municipality in the Philippines on Patients’ Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) and glycaemic control (HbA1c) of people with diabetes.

Background

Low-to-middle income countries like the Philippines are beset with rising prevalence of chronic conditions but their healthcare systems are still acute disease oriented. Attention towards improving care for chronic conditions particularly in primary healthcare is imperative and ways by which this can be done amidst resource constraints need to be explored.

Methods

A chronic care model was adapted based on the context of the Philippines. Selected elements (community sensitization, decision support, minor re-organization of health services, health service delivery-system re-design, and self-management education and support) were implemented. PACIC and HbA1c were measured before and one year after the start of implementation.

Findings

The improvements in the PACIC (median, from 3.2 to 3.5) as well as in four of the five subsets of the PACIC were statistically significant (P-values: PACIC=0.009; ‘patient activation’=0.026; ‘goal setting’=0.017; ‘problem solving’<0.001; ‘follow-up’<0.001). The decrease in HbA1c (median, from 7.7% to 6.9%) and the level of diabetes control of the project participants (increase of optimally controlled diabetes from 37.2% to 50.6%) were likewise significant (P<0.000 andP=0.014). A significantly higher rating of the post-implementation PACIC subsets ‘problem solving’ (P=0.027) and ‘follow-up’ (P=0.025) was noted among those participants whose HbA1c improved. The quality of chronic care in general and primary diabetes care in particular may be improved, as measured through the PACIC and glycaemic control, in resource-constrained settings applying selected elements of a CACCM and without causing much strain on an already-burdened healthcare system.
Intracellular annexin A2 regulates NF-κB signaling by binding to the p50 subunit: implications for gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Jung H , Kim J S , Kim W K , Oh K-J , Kim J-M , Lee H J , Han B S , Kim D S , Seo Y S , Lee S C , Park S G , Bae K-H
Published: January 2015

Annexin A2 (ANXA2) expression is highly upregulated in many types of cancer. Although cell surface localization of ANXA2 has been reported to have a critical role in the progression and metastasis of a variety of tumors, including pancreatic cancer, the biological role of intracellular ANXA2 is not fully understood. Herein the role of intracellular ANXA2 was investigated in a pancreatic cancer cell line. We first determined whether ANXA2 is involved in NF-κB signaling pathways. ANXA2 bound to the p50 subunit of NF-κB in a calcium-independent manner, and the ANXA2–p50 complex translocated into the nucleus. Furthermore, ANXA2 increased the transcriptional activity of NF-κB in both the resting and activated states and upregulated the transcription of several target genes downstream of NF-κB, including that encoding interleukin (IL)-6, which contributes to anti-apoptotic signaling. In Mia-Paca2 cells, we determined the effects of wild-type ANXA2 and an ANXA2 mutant, Y23A, which suppresses the cell surface localization, on upregulation of NF-κB transcriptional activity and secretion of IL-6. Both wild-type and Y23A ANXA2 induced anti-apoptotic effects in response to treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α or gemcitabine. Based on these results, we suggest that ANXA2 mediates resistance to gemcitabine by directly increasing the activity of NF-κB. Collectively, these data may provide additional information about the biological role of ANXA2 in pancreatic cancer and suggest that ANXA2 is a potential biomarker for the drug resistance phenotype and a candidate therapeutic target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Die for the community: an overview of programmed cell death in bacteria
Authors: Allocati N , Masulli M , Di Ilio C , De Laurenzi V
Published: January 2015

Programmed cell death is a process known to have a crucial role in many aspects of eukaryotes physiology and is clearly essential to their life. As a consequence, the underlying molecular mechanisms have been extensively studied in eukaryotes and we now know that different signalling pathways leading to functionally and morphologically different forms of death exist in these organisms. Similarly, mono-cellular organism can activate signalling pathways leading to death of a number of cells within a colony. The reason why a single-cell organism would activate a program leading to its death is apparently counterintuitive and probably for this reason cell death in prokaryotes has received a lot less attention in the past years. However, as summarized in this review there are many reasons leading to prokaryotic cell death, for the benefit of the colony. Indeed, single-celled organism can greatly benefit from multicellular organization. Within this forms of organization, regulation of death becomes an important issue, contributing to important processes such as: stress response, development, genetic transformation, and biofilm formation.
PINK1-induced mitophagy promotes neuroprotection in Huntington’s disease
Authors: Khalil B , El Fissi N , Aouane A , Cabirol-Pol M-J , Rival T , Liévens J-C
Published: January 2015

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by aberrant expansion of CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene. Mutant Huntingtin (mHtt) alters multiple cellular processes, leading to neuronal dysfunction and death. Among those alterations, impaired mitochondrial metabolism seems to have a major role in HD pathogenesis. In this study, we used the Drosophila model system to further investigate the role of mitochondrial damages in HD. We first analyzed the impact of mHtt on mitochondrial morphology, and surprisingly, we revealed the formation of abnormal ring-shaped mitochondria in photoreceptor neurons. Because such mitochondrial spheroids were previously detected in cells where mitophagy is blocked, we analyzed the effect of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), which controls Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Consistently, we found that PINK1 overexpression alleviated mitochondrial spheroid formation in HD flies. More importantly, PINK1 ameliorated ATP levels, neuronal integrity and adult fly survival, demonstrating that PINK1 counteracts the neurotoxicity of mHtt. This neuroprotection was Parkin-dependent and required mitochondrial outer membrane proteins, mitofusin and the voltage-dependent anion channel. Consistent with our observations in flies, we demonstrated that the removal of defective mitochondria was impaired in HD striatal cells derived from HdhQ111 knock-in mice, and that overexpressing PINK1 in these cells partially restored mitophagy. The presence of mHtt did not affect Parkin-mediated mitochondrial ubiquitination but decreased the targeting of mitochondria to autophagosomes. Altogether, our findings suggest that mitophagy is altered in the presence of mHtt and that increasing PINK1/Parkin mitochondrial quality control pathway may improve mitochondrial integrity and neuroprotection in HD.
Mechanics of epithelial closure over non-adherent environments
Authors: Vedula Sri Ram Krishna , Peyret Grégoire , Cheddadi Ibrahim , Chen Tianchi , Brugués Agustí , Hirata Hiroaki , Lopez-Menendez Horacio , Toyama Yusuke , Neves de Almeida Luís , Trepat Xavier , Lim Chwee Teck , Ladoux Benoit
Published: January 2015

The closure of gaps within epithelia is crucial to maintain its integrity during biological processes such as wound healing and gastrulation. Depending on the distribution of extracellular matrix, gap closure occurs through assembly of multicellular actin-based contractile cables or protrusive activity of border cells into the gap. Here we show that the supracellular actomyosin contractility of cells near the gap edge exerts sufficient tension on the surrounding tissue to promote closure of non-adherent gaps. Using traction force microscopy, we observe that cell-generated forces on the substrate at the gap edge first point away from the centre of the gap and then increase in the radial direction pointing into the gap as closure proceeds. Combining with numerical simulations, we show that the increase in force relies less on localized purse-string contractility and more on large-scale remodelling of the suspended tissue around the gap. Our results provide a framework for understanding the assembly and the mechanics of cellular contractility at the tissue level.
Tropical Atlantic temperature seasonality at the end of the last interglacial
Authors: Felis Thomas , Giry Cyril , Scholz Denis , Lohmann Gerrit , Pfeiffer Madlene , Pätzold Jürgen , Kölling Martin , Scheffers Sander R.
Published: January 2015

The end of the last interglacial period, ~118 kyr ago, was characterized by substantial ocean circulation and climate perturbations resulting from instabilities of polar ice sheets. These perturbations are crucial for a better understanding of future climate change. The seasonal temperature changes of the tropical ocean, however, which play an important role in seasonal climate extremes such as hurricanes, floods and droughts at the present day, are not well known for this period that led into the last glacial. Here we present a monthly resolved snapshot of reconstructed sea surface temperature in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean for 117.7±0.8 kyr ago, using coral Sr/Ca and δ18O records. We find that temperature seasonality was similar to today, which is consistent with the orbital insolation forcing. Our coral and climate model results suggest that temperature seasonality of the tropical surface ocean is controlled mainly by orbital insolation changes during interglacials.
Formation of Stoichiometric CsFn Compounds
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Oganov Artem R. , Zeng Qingfeng
Published: January 2015

Alkali halidesMX, have been viewed as typical ionic compounds, characterized by 1:1 ratio necessary for charge balance between M+and X−. It was proposed that group I elements like Cs can be oxidized further under high pressure. Here we perform a comprehensive study for the CsF-F system at pressures up to 100 GPa and find extremely versatile chemistry. A series of CsFn(n≥ 1) compounds are predicted to be stable already at ambient pressure. Under pressure, 5pelectrons of Cs atoms become active, with growing tendency to form Cs (III) and (V) valence states at fluorine-rich conditions. Although Cs (II) and (IV) are not energetically favoured, the interplay between two mechanisms (polyfluoride anions and polyvalent Cs cations) allows CsF2and CsF4compounds to be stable under pressure. The estimated defluorination temperatures of CsFn(n= 2,3,5) compounds at atmospheric pressure (218°C, 150°C, -15°C, respectively), are attractive for fluorine storage applications.
Assessing Cholesterol Storage in Live Cells and C. elegans by Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Phenyl-Diyne Cholesterol
Authors: Lee Hyeon Jeong , Zhang Wandi , Zhang Delong , Yang Yang , Liu Bin , Barker Eric L. , Buhman Kimberly K. , Slipchenko Lyudmila V. , Dai Mingji , Cheng Ji-Xin
Published: January 2015

We report a cholesterol imaging method using rationally synthesized phenyl-diyne cholesterol (PhDY-Chol) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscope. The phenyl-diyne group is biologically inert and provides a Raman scattering cross section that is 88 times larger than the endogenous C = O stretching mode. SRS microscopy offers an imaging speed that is faster than spontaneous Raman microscopy by three orders of magnitude and a detection sensitivity of 31 μM PhDY-Chol (~1,800 molecules in the excitation volume). Inside living CHO cells, PhDY-Chol mimics the behavior of cholesterol, including membrane incorporation and esterification. In a cellular model of Niemann-Pick type C disease, PhDY-Chol reflects the lysosomal accumulation of cholesterol and shows relocation to lipid droplets after HPβCD treatment. In live C. elegans, PhDY-Chol mimics cholesterol uptake by intestinal cells and reflects cholesterol storage. Together, our work demonstrates an enabling platform for study of cholesterol storage and trafficking in living cells and vital organisms.
The Hd, Hj, and Hz66 flagella variants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi modify host responses and cellular interactions
Authors: Schreiber Fernanda , Kay Sally , Frankel Gad , Clare Simon , Goulding David , van de Vosse Esther , van Dissel Jaap T. , Strugnell Richard , Thwaites Guy , Kingsley Robert A. , Dougan Gordon , Baker Stephen
Published: January 2015

SalmonellaTyphi, the causative agent of typhoid fever, is a monophyletic, human-restricted bacterium that exhibits limited phenotypic variation.S. Typhi from Indonesia are a notable exception, with circulating strains expressing diverse flagella antigens including Hj,Hdand Hz66. Hypothesizing thatS. Typhi flagella plays a key role during infection, we constructed anS. TyphifliCmutant and otherwise isogenicS. Typhi strains expressing the Hj,Hd, Hz66flagella antigens. Phenotyping revealed differences in flagellum structure, strain motility and immunogenicity, but not in the ability of flagellated isolates to induce TLR5 activity. Invasion assays using epithelial and macrophage cell lines revealed differences in the ability of theseS. Typhi derivatives to invade cells or induce cellular restructuring in the form of ruffles. Notably, the Hjvariant induced substantial ruffles that were not fully dependent on the GTPases that contribute to this process. These data highlight important differences in the phenotypic properties ofS. Typhi flagella variation and how they impact on the pathogenesis ofS. Typhi.
Determining the Pathogenicity of Genetic Variants Associated with Cardiac Channelopathies
Authors: Campuzano Oscar , Allegue Catarina , Fernandez Anna , Iglesias Anna , Brugada Ramon
Published: January 2015

Advancements in genetic screening have generated massive amounts of data on genetic variation; however, a lack of clear pathogenic stratification has left most variants classified as being of unknown significance. This is a critical limitation for translating genetic data into clinical practice. Genetic screening is currently recommended in the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of cardiac channelopathies, which are major contributors to sudden cardiac death in young people. We propose to characterize the pathogenicity of genetic variants associated with cardiac channelopathies using a stratified scoring system. The development of this system was considered by using all of the tools currently available to define pathogenicity. The use of this scoring system could help clinicians to understand the limitations of genetic associations with a disease and help them better define the role that genetics can have in their clinical routine.
Intraoperative vascular DIVA surgery reveals angiogenic hotspots in tumor zones of malignant gliomas
Authors: Eyüpoglu Ilker Y. , Hore Nirjhar , Fan Zheng , Buslei Rolf , Merkel Andreas , Buchfelder Michael , Savaskan Nicolai E.
Published: January 2015

Malignant gliomas belong to the most threatening tumor entities and are hallmarked by rapid proliferation, hypervascularization and an invasive growth pattern. The primary obstacle in surgical treatment lies in differentiation between healthy and pathological tissue at the tumor margins, where current visualization methods reach their limits. Here, we report on a novel technique (vascular dual intraoperative visualization approach - vDIVA) enabling visualization of different tumor zones (TZ I–III) on the basis of angiogenic hotspots. We investigated glioblastoma patients who underwent 5-ALA fluorescence-guided surgery with simultaneous intraoperative ICG fluorescence angiography. This vDIVA technique revealed hypervascularized areas which were further histologically investigated. Neuropathological assessments revealed tissue areas at the resection margins corresponding to TZ II and postoperative CD34- and Map2 immunostaining confirmed these angiogenic hotspots to be occupied by glioma cells. Hence, the vascular architecture in this transitional zone could be well differentiated from both primary tumor bulk and healthy brain parenchyma. These data demonstrate that ICG fluorescence angiography improves state-of-the-art glioma surgery techniques and facilitates the future characterization of polyclonal attributes of malignant gliomas.
Combining a portable, tandem mass spectrometer with automated library searching – an important step towards streamlined, on-site identification of forensic evidence
Authors: O'Leary Adam E. , Oberacher Herbert , Hall Seth E. , Mulligan Christopher C.
Published: January 2015

A portable mass spectrometric (MS) system capable of ambient ionization and an established spectral database were combined to allow direct screening and automated chemical identification of analytes of forensic interest.
Serum albumin adsorbed on Au nanoparticles: structural changes over time induced by S–Au interaction
Authors: Fu Cuiping , Yang Huayan , Wang Mengmeng , Xiong Huanming , Yu Shaoning
Published: January 2015

The changes in the secondary structure of HSA adsorbed on AuNPs over time are induced by the S–Au interaction.
A dimensionally stable and fast-discharging graphite–silicon composite Li-ion battery anode enabled by electrostatically self-assembled multifunctional polymer-blend coating
Authors: Li Fu-Sheng , Wu Yu-Shiang , Chou Jackey , Wu Nae-Lih
Published: January 2015

A designed polymer blend enables the synthesis of a Si-on-graphite Li-ion battery anode with remarkably enhanced capacity, cycle and rate performance.
Free radical reaction promoted by ionic liquid: a route for metal-free oxidation depolymerization of lignin model compound and lignin
Authors: Yang Yingying , Fan Honglei , Song Jinliang , Meng Qinglei , Zhou Huacong , Wu Lingqiao , Yang Guanying , Han Buxing
Published: January 2015

Ionic liquid can efficiently promote the transformation of lignin model compounds and organosolv lignin.
Saddle-shaped porphyrins for dye-sensitized solar cells: new insight into the relationship between nonplanarity and photovoltaic properties
Authors: Shahroosvand Hashem , Zakavi Saeed , Sousaraei Ahmad , Eskandari Mortaza
Published: January 2015

We report on the theoretical and experimental studies of the new dye-sensitized solar cells functionalized with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin zinc(ii) complexes bearing 2- and 8-bromo substituents at the β positions.
The direct and precursor mediated dissociation rates of H2 on a Ni(111) surface
Authors: Wang Wenji , Zhao Yi
Published: January 2015

There are two channels for H2 to dissociate on Ni(111), one is the direct process, the other is the precursor mediated process.
Metal–organic frameworks catalyzed C–C and C–heteroatom coupling reactions
Authors: Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Asiri Abdullah M. , Garcia Hermenegildo
Published: January 2015

This critical review aims to illustrate the recent developments in the field of C–C and C–X (X = O, N) coupling reactions promoted by metal–organic frameworks.
A multiscale quantum mechanics/electromagnetics method for device simulations
Authors: Yam ChiYung , Meng Lingyi , Zhang Yu , Chen GuanHua
Published: January 2015

This review highlights a newly developed multiscale method, incorporating quantum mechanics into device modeling with an environment included through classical electrodynamics.
Deracemisation of profenol core by combining laccase/TEMPO-mediated oxidation and alcohol dehydrogenase-catalysed dynamic kinetic resolution
Authors: Díaz-Rodríguez Alba , Ríos-Lombardía Nicolás , Sattler Johann H. , Lavandera Iván , Gotor-Fernández Vicente , Kroutil Wolfgang , Gotor Vicente
Published: January 2015

A one-pot two-step chemoenzymatic protocol to deracemise a profen-like derivative has been designed.
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from a cobalt/nickel complex with dithiolene ligands under irradiation with visible light
Authors: Rao Heng , Wang Zhi-Yuan , Zheng Hui-Qin , Wang Xiao-Bo , Pan Chun-Mei , Fan Yao-Ting , Hou Hong-Wei
Published: January 2015

Novel cobalt/nickel dithiolene complexes displayed efficient hydrogen evolution in a noble-metal-free photocatalytic system under visible light.
Selective CO2 gas adsorption in the narrow crystalline cavities of flexible peptide metallo-macrocycles
Authors: Miyake Ryosuke , Kuwata Chika , Masumoto Yui
Published: January 2015

The BF4− salt of peptide Ni(ii)-macrocycle demonstrated selective CO2 gas adsorption (ca. 6–7 molecules per macrocycle) into its narrow cavities.
A new simple Schiff base fluorescence “on” sensor for Al3+ and its living cell imaging
Authors: Kumar Jutika , Sarma Manas Jyoti , Phukan Prodeep , Das Diganta Kumar
Published: January 2015

The simple Schiff base (Z)-N-benzylidenenaphthalen-1-amine (L) acts as fluorescence sensor for Al3+ by “off–on” mode which is applicable in biological cells and bovine serum albumin.
Surface charge enhanced carbon electrodes for stable and efficient capacitive deionization using inverted adsorption–desorption behavior
Authors: Gao Xin , Omosebi Ayokunle , Landon James , Liu Kunlei
Published: January 2015

To enhance performance stability, carbon electrodes with opposite net surface charges were employed to develop the inverted capacitive deionization system.
Lead and zinc dust depositions from ore trains characterised using lead isotopic compositions
Authors: Kristensen L. J. , Taylor M. P. , Morrison A. L.
Published: January 2015

Elevated lead and zinc concentrations in remote environments can be traced to uncovered transport of ore concentrates from mining operations.
Influences on and patterns in total gaseous mercury (TGM) at Harwell, England
Authors: Kentisbeer J. , Leeson S. R. , Clark T. , Malcolm H. M. , Cape J. N.
Published: January 2015

Understanding variation in total gaseous mercury in the southern UK using wind sector and air mass back trajectory analysis to assess a range of influences and sources, local to long-range.
Polymer@silica composites with tunable outer and inner surface properties: a platform for aqueous asymmetric transfer hydrogenation
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Zhao Yaopeng , Peng Juan , Yang Qihua
Published: January 2015

The polymer@silica composites with tunable outer and inner surface properties could efficiently catalyze the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of ketones in aqueous medium.
Ultrasound-assisted, ionic liquid-linked, dual-magnetic multiwall carbon nanotube microextraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for simultaneous determination of cadmium and arsenic in food samples
Authors: Shirani Mahboube , Semnani Abolfazl , Habibollahi Saeed , Haddadi Hedayat
Published: January 2015

A novel method for the determination of cadmium and arsenic in food samples using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
A lateral electrophoretic flow diagnostic assay
Authors: Lin Robert , Skandarajah Arunan , Gerver Rachel E. , Neira Hector D. , Fletcher Daniel A. , Herr Amy E.
Published: January 2015

Antibodies against the hepatitis C virus are detected in human sera using the CellScope-enabled electrophoretic barcode assay.
Vesicular disruption of lysosomal targeting organometallic polyarginine bioconjugates
Authors: Gross Annika , Alborzinia Hamed , Piantavigna Stefania , Martin Lisandra L. , Wölfl Stefan , Metzler-Nolte Nils
Published: January 2015

Targeting of lysosomes is an interesting, novel pathway for cancer therapy. in this work, novel metallocene derivatives (of ferrocene and ruthenocene) of a cell penetrating polyarginine peptide are presented as lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) agents and their localization and biological activity is investigated in detail.
Evaluation of a PSMA-targeted BNF nanoparticle construct
Authors: Behnam Azad Babak , Banerjee Sangeeta R. , Pullambhatla Mrudula , Lacerda Silvia , Foss Catherine A. , Wang Yuchuan , Ivkov Robert , Pomper Martin G.
Published: January 2015

A PSMA-targeted bionized nanoferrite (BNF) nanoparticle was developed and evaluated in an experimental model of prostate cancer showing prolonged circulation time and enhanced clearance from non-target sites.
A limited anodic and cathodic potential window of MoS2: limitations in electrochemical applications
Authors: Nasir Muhammad Zafir Mohamad , Sofer Zdenek , Ambrosi Adriano , Pumera Martin
Published: January 2015

MoS2exhibits the limited potential windows in the anodic and cathodic regions due to the inherent electrochemistry and catalytic hydrogen evolution.
Tuning of the colour and chemical stability of model boranils: a strong effect of structural modifications
Authors: Wesela-Bauman Grzegorz , Urban Mateusz , Luliński Sergiusz , Serwatowski Janusz , Woźniak Krzysztof
Published: January 2015

An improved approach to luminescent diphenylborinic complexes with functionalized salicydeneaniline ligands was developed. A strong effect of structural modifications on their stability and optical properties was established.
Convergent synthesis of isomeric heterosaccharides related to the fragments of galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Argunov D. A. , Krylov V. B. , Nifantiev N. E.
Published: January 2015

The synthesis of heterosaccharide fragments of fungal galactomannan employing pyranoside-into-furanoside rearrangement.
CO2-switchable drug release from magneto-polymeric nanohybrids
Authors: Che Hailong , Huo Meng , Peng Liao , Ye Qiquan , Guo Jun , Wang Ke , Wei Yen , Yuan Jinying
Published: January 2015

A CO2-responsive well-defined magneto-polymeric drug delivery system has been developed. A dosage release of doxorubicin (DOX) in vitro in a time-controllable manner can be easily executed with alternate CO2/N2 treatment by these smart nanocarriers.
Hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO@polysiloxane microspheres and their application in preparing optical diffusers
Authors: Hu Jingang , Zhou Yuming , Sheng Xiaoli
Published: January 2015

ZnO@polysiloxane hybrid microspheres were successfully prepared by a simple one-pot synthesis. The novel diffuser based on ZnO@polysiloxane fillers possessed suitable light transmittance, good diffusion capacity, and low incident angle dependence.
Growth pathways of silver nanoplates in kinetically controlled synthesis: bimodal versus unimodal growth
Authors: Kim Mun Ho , Yoon Dong Ki , Im Sang Hyuk
Published: January 2015

In the kinetically controlled synthesis, the growth of Ag nanoplates proceeded along different pathways depending on the concentration of PVP serving as both a reducing agent and a stabilizer.
CuNi/Co composites prepared by electroless deposition: structure and catalytic activity for the oxidation of cyclohexene with oxygen
Authors: Hao Jianmin , Jiao Xiaoli , Han Limin , Suo Quanling , Ma Ang , Liu Jiansheng , Lian Xu , Zhang Linlin
Published: January 2015

CuNi/Co composites prepared by electroless deposition behave as novel catalysts for the solvent-free oxidation of cyclohexene with oxygen. Both Cu content and microstructure can significantly affect the catalytic activity.
Size-dependent upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing behavior of spherical Gd2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ phosphor
Authors: Tian Yue , Tian Bining , Cui Cai'e , Huang Ping , Wang Lei , Chen Baojiu
Published: January 2015

In this paper, we found that sensing sensitivity increases with decreasing the particle size, which was confirmed by the Judd–Ofelt theory.
Thermoelectric properties of sol–gel derived lanthanum titanate ceramics
Authors: Xiong Xinrun , Tian Ruoming , Lin Xi , Chu Dewei , Li Sean
Published: January 2015

In this work, the thermoelectric properties of lanthanum titanate ceramics with different La/Ti ratios were reported.
Effect of the silicon carbide nanoparticles introduction on biological properties of porous polymer coatings
Authors: Mzyk A. , Major R. , Lackner J. M. , Bruckert F. , Wilczek P. , Major B.
Published: January 2015

The multilayer polyelectrolyte films (PEMs) seem to be a promising material to reconstruct the structure and behavior of the extracellular matrix.
Carbon nanotube cathodes covered on the cylindrical surface of a fiber
Authors: Wei Xianqi , Zhu Youzhang , Xia Xianjun , Wang Xiaoli , Liu Weihuan , Li Xin
Published: January 2015

Carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays were synthesized on the cylindrical waveguide surface of a quartz optical fiber by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to serve as field emission cathodes.
Tailoring carbon nanotubes surface with maleic anhydride for highly dispersed PtRu nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol
Authors: Wu Bohua , Wang Chao , Cui Ying , Mao Liqiu , Xiong Shanxin
Published: January 2015

Based on carboxylated-carbon nanotubes (CNT-C) prepared by a direct Friedel–Crafts reaction between pristine CNTs and maleic anhydride, PtRu nanoparticles are highly dispersed on the CNT-C surface and showed superb performance towards methanol electrooxidation.
Theoretical study of complexation of resveratrol with cyclodextrins and cucurbiturils: structure and antioxidative activity
Authors: Lu Lilin , Zhu Shufang , Zhang Haijun , Li Faliang , Zhang Shaowei
Published: January 2015

The inclusion complexation of resveratrol with cyclodextrins and cucurbiturils and the influence of complexation on the antioxidative activity of resveratrol have been theoretically studied.
Facile syntheses of alkoxysilanated phosphorylcholines as surface modifiers: CuAAC and thiol-ene “click” reactions
Authors: Liu Lei , Park Sung Jin , Park Ji-hyun , Lee Myong Euy
Published: January 2015

Alkoxysilanated PCs were synthesizedviaCuAAC and thiol-ene “click” reactions and used as surface modifiers on silica beads.
TiO2/Bi2S3 core–shell nanowire arrays for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation
Authors: Ai Guanjie , Mo Rong , Chen Qiong , Xu Hang , Yang Sui , Li Hongxing , Zhong Jianxin
Published: January 2015

This paper demonstrates the procedure for construction of nontoxic TiO2/Bi2S3 core–shell NWA photoanodes for PEC hydrogen generation.
The role of uniaxial strain in tailoring the interfacial properties of LaAlO3/SrTiO3heterostructure
Authors: Nazir Safdar , Behtash Maziar , Yang Kesong
Published: January 2015

Applying strains on the substrate is one effective approach to optimize the interfacial electronic properties in SrTiO3-based heterostructures.
Incorporation of PEDOT:PSS into SnO2/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite anodes for lithium-ion batteries to achieve ultra-high capacity and cyclic stability
Authors: Sher Shah Md. Selim Arif , Muhammad Shoaib , Park Jong Hyeok , Yoon Won-Sub , Yoo Pil J.
Published: January 2015

A conducting polymer matrix of PEDOT:PSS is incorporated into SnO2/reduced graphene oxide composite for increasing the stability of lithium-ion battery anodes.
Continuous electron transport pathways constructed in TiO2 sub-microsphere films for high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Ding Yong , Ma Yanmei , Tao Li , Hu Linhua , Li Guang , Jiang Ling , Li Zhaoqian , Mo Li'e , Yao Jianxi , Dai Songyuan
Published: January 2015

Different concentrations of TiO2 nanocrystallines are introduced into the sub-microspheres of photoanodes to construct a continuous electron transport pathway for high-performance DSSCs.
Enhancing catalytic activity towards Heck-reaction by using 4,5,9,10-tetra(arylimino)pyrenylidenyldipalladium tetrachlorides
Authors: Zhao Tong , Xing Qifeng , Song Kuifeng , Ban Qing , Liang Tongling , Liu Qingbin , Sun Wen-Hua
Published: January 2015

A series of binuclear 4,5,9,10-tetra(arylimino)pyrenylidenyldipalladium(ii) tetrachloride complexes (Pd1–Pd4) was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis.
Optimization of the microwave-assisted extraction and antioxidant activities of anthocyanins from blackberry using a response surface methodology
Authors: Wen Yao , Chen Huaguo , Zhou Xin , Deng Qingfang , Zhao Yang , Zhao Chao , Gong Xiaojian
Published: January 2015

Blackberry contains high amounts of anthocyanins, whose extraction method is closely related with anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity.
Rapid recognition of bacteremia in humans using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of volatiles emitted by blood cultures
Authors: Chingin Konstantin , Liang Juchao , Hang Yaping , Hu Longhua , Chen Huanwen
Published: January 2015

Human bacteremia is rapidly diagnosed by direct atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry analysis of blood culture volatiles.
Sprayable, paintable layer-by-layer polyaniline nanofiber/graphene electrodes
Authors: Kwon Se Ra , Jeon Ju-Won , Lutkenhaus Jodie L.
Published: January 2015

Using polyaniline nanofibers and graphene oxide sheets, we demonstrate here the successful layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of the two anisotropic nanomaterials using a water-based spray-on approach.
Highly selective CO2 photoreduction to CO over g-C3N4/Bi2WO6 composites under visible light
Authors: Li Mengli , Zhang Lingxia , Fan Xiangqian , Zhou Yajun , Wu Meiying , Shi Jianlin
Published: January 2015

Graphite-C3N4/Bi2WO6 composites with enhanced response to visible light and remarkably enhanced selective CO2 photoreduction to CO were synthesized and demonstrated to be promising photocatalysts for CO2 photoconversion.
Photoelectrochemical detection of tumor markers based on a CdS quantum dot/ZnO nanorod/Au@Pt-paper electrode 3D origami immunodevice
Authors: Ge Shenguang , Li Weiping , Yan Mei , Song Xianrang , Yu Jinghua
Published: January 2015

CdS quantum dot-sensitized ZnO nanorods as a photoactive matrix and glucose oxidase functionalized nanoporous silver as a label were established.