bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High claudin-4 antigen expression in triple-negative breast cancer by the immunohistochemistry method
Authors: Naimi Azar , Zare Nadereh , Amjadi Elham , Soltan Maryam
Published: March 2022

Background:

Triple-negative breast cancer is a heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer. Claudin is an epithelial tight junctional protein, and also it is a receptor for clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and shows impairment of expression in several cancers. The chief purpose of this study is to assess the claudin-4 expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) Iranian patients and evaluate its correlation with some clinicopathological factors.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, 81 TNBC patients were evaluated for the claudin-4 expression by immunohistochemistry. The slides’ staining intensity was examined and scored from 0 to 3. Then, slides were reviewed to assess the percentage of cells with membrane and cytoplasmic staining; the obtaining scores were 1–4. Finally, added the resulting two numbers from two stages, and the final number was a maximum of 7. Final scores of 0–3 were considered the low expression, and 4–7 were considered the high expression. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using the Chi-square test.

Results:

Eighty-one women with breast cancer and a mean age of 49 ± 12 years participated in the study. In 80% of the patients, there was a high expression of claudin-4 marker, and 20% had low expression. The expression level of the marker was not significantly correlated with age, tumor size, lymph node involvement, tumor grade, disease stage, Ki-67, and metastasis.

Conclusion:

The present study confirmed the high frequency of claudin-4 antigen expression in TNBC patients, and no significant correlation was observed between the expression of antigen and demographic or clinicopathological factors.
Update of Thoracic Epidural Analgesia Used in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Fu Bao , Geng Zhengguang , Fu Xiaoyun
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the common gastrointestinal diseases requiring hospitalization. Once AP develops into severe AP, the mortality markedly increases. Animal studies have confirmed that thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) has many benefits for AP and can provide the survival rate of experimental animals. Existing clinical studies have also shown the safety and effectiveness of TEA in AP. This paper reviews the potential benefits and possible mechanisms of TEA for AP.
Ethical Guidelines for Publishing in the Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
Authors: Noh Jee-Hyun , Jung Hee-Won , Ga Hyuk , Lim Jae-Young
Published: March 2022

Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research (AGMR) aims to provide new information on clinical and biological science and issues on policymaking for older adults. This article summarizes the ethical guidelines of AGMR based on relevant recommendations from the International Standards for Editors and Authors, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing. All authors whose articles are to be published in AGMR should refer to these guidelines, which will mention that authors need to comply with the guidelines. The editorial board will also continuously monitor our responsibilities regarding ethical publishing. The combined efforts of authors, reviewers, and editors will help maintain the scientific excellence of AGMR.
Conversational thinking, logic, and the making of meaning
Authors: Janz Bruce
Published: March 2022

Conversational thinking has emerged in recent years out of the scholarly philosophical work centered in Calabar Nigeria and spread throughout Africa and elsewhere. I have previously had the pleasure of discussing some of the finer points of conversationalism with Jonathan O. Chimakonam in the journal Confluence and the journal’s relaunch as the Journal of World Philosophies. (CHIMAKONAM 2015; JANZ 2016). Our discussion there centered on questions I raised earlier about the nature and limits of dialogue (JANZ 2015), as well as my work on philosophy and place in an African context (JANZ 2009). Our conversation, in other words, has a history, and I expect it will also have a future. It is a conversation that comes from different places. I am not an African, and I lay no claim to be able to represent African life. Therefore, the approach to philosophy I take is one of examining the conditions for the possibility of philosophy, and the barriers to being able to enact those conditions. This is why I write about place so much. The conditions for thinking in a place and about a place differ in different places, but also have some commonalities. And the barriers to thinking in and about place can be fairly clearly outlined. This is of relevance, I argue, in thinking Africa, not as a set of identities or a history but as a space of thought.
Fictional representation of facts: Memory and indictment in Chimamanda Adichie’s Americanah
Authors: Ike Onyeka , Otu Oyeh Oko
Published: March 2022

Chimamanda Adichie’s Americanah has received a wide range of criticisms from feminist, postcolonial, even from psychoanalytic perspectives, etc.,  but not really from the New Historicist evaluation which usually offers the opportunity for a panoramic historical interpretations of literary texts.  Such interpretations usually enable readers to have a broader understanding of some vital actual historical developments being fictionalized in a  literary text to learn from the mistakes of the past with regard to certain actions of individuals and institutions in society. In an attempt to achieve  this, the study establishes the relationship between the characters, settings, incidents, and even some discourses created and represented in the  novel with factual historical and contemporary political figures and issues related to them. The crystallizing issues from the author’s literary  searchlight in this regard principally border on former President Obasanjo’s controversial privatization programme, General Babangida’s political  and economic maradonism, particularly his IMF/SAP-inflicted economic sores and sufferings and the historically suspicious plane crash under his   administration, as well as several other sensitive and indicting issues associated with dictatorship, ethnicity and racism, among others. The study  maintains that as an insightful creative writer and a reminder of history, Adichie dutifully stands on the watchtower of society, remembering and  making certain significant indictments with the instrumentality of her novelistic art in focus, and that such representations can only be said to be  fruitful or serve their cardinal intent when individuals in society learn from them and avoid recurrences.
Assessing the state of forensic support to criminal investigations in Ghana: A case study in the Greater Accra Region
Authors: Sulley Y. S. , Quansah L.
Published: March 2022

The study assessed the state of forensic support to criminal investigations by measuring public awareness, knowledge and perception of forensic science in Ghana. A simple random technique was employed to elicit information from 200 consented respondents in selected neighbourhoods in Accra through face to face interviews, questionnaire responses, and random phone calls. The study identified forensic science education as a key challenge among others in the forensic sector. The state of forensics support to criminal investigations in Ghana was rated on the scale of good (10.5%), bad (81.5%) and very bad (8%) indicating that forensic science in Ghana has “gone dark”. The study’s findings call for respective stakeholders and policymakers of Ghana to prioritize forensic support to criminal investigations to promote safety, security, and sustainable economic development.
Librarians’ Attendance to Conference and Workshops as Correlates of Job Performance in the University Libraries in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Wagwu Victor , Echedom Anthonia
Published: March 2022

This study examined the librarians’ attendance to conferences and workshops as a correlate of job performance in university libraries in the South-South, Nigeria. Two research questions guided this study while two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Correlational survey method was adopted in the study. The population of the study was 108 librarians. Two sets of questionnaire titled: librarians attendance to conferences and workshops questionnaire (LACWQ) and job performance questionnaire (JPQ) were the instruments used for data collection. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha method to measure librarian attendance to conferences and workshops resulted to the coefficient of 0.697, 0.741 respectively while instrument for job performance resulted to 0.669. The data collected for the study were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) method to answer research questions while t-test analysis was used to test the null hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that there is a positive but weak relationships between librarians attendance to conferences and job performance in university libraries, and a non significant relationships between librarians attendance to conferences and job performance in university libraries in the South-South, Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that library managers should spend resources in sponsoring librarians on conferences that have direct bearing on the particular job librarians perform so that librarians may not end up been develop wrongly.
Description of four new species of Crambidae from the Afrotropical region (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae)
Authors: Maes Koen V.N.
Published: March 2022

Four new species from the Afrotropical region are described: Pioneabathra flammea sp.nov.; Diathrausta media sp.nov.; Udeoides invagnalis sp.nov. and Pyrausta rosecentralis sp.nov. Adult moths and their genitalia are illustrated.
Illustrated descriptions of juvenile stages of an Aloeides species close to margaretae Tite & Dickson, including comparisons with both A. apicalis Tite & Dickson and A. depicta Tite & Dickson
Authors: Heath Alan , Claassens Andre
Published: March 2022

The butterfly in this study is provisionally treated as Aloeides margaretae and represents observations and material from Moorreesburg, Lambert’s Bay and Graafwater, in the Western Cape province. The juvenile stages illustrated herein were mostly obtained from Graafwater; although they are consistent with observations at the other localities. These juvenile stages are compared with Gowan Clark’s illustrations of A. depicta in Tite & Dickson (1968). Some small differences in markings of the larval stages were noted, that together with a difference in the shape of the hind wing, lend some support for their separate status. A comparison is also made here between the adult stages of A. margaretae and A. apicalis. This reveals little significant or consistent difference between them in either wing shape or markings, inferring that their taxonomic relationship needs to be reviewed in a molecular study. It is surprising that Tite & Dickson did not attempt to define or question the relationship between them seeing that both taxa were described by them in the same publication and that according to their designated paratypes, their distributions overlapped. It is unlikely that species of host plant or host ant can throw any further light on their relationship as there is a dearth of such data in most descriptions of myrmecophilous juveniles, especially in the earlier publications, prompting a plea herein for lepidopterists to add observed host information to the usual collecting data and to collect samples of the host ants wherever possible.
Revision of the genus Neptis Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Afrotropical Region, Part 3: A new species from Mt Mabu, Moçambique
Authors: Richardson Ian D.
Published: March 2022

The revision of the genus Neptis, Richardson (2019), showed that many new species are revealed by barcoding and one of these species, a close relative of Neptis rogersi Eltringham, 1921, is formally described here. The new species from Mt Mabu is Neptis collinsi sp. nov. and is easily distinguished from Neptis rogersi by both the facies and barcode.
Publications on Afrotropical Papilionoidea during 2020
Authors: Williams Mark C.
Published: March 2022

The articles published since the author’s Publications on Afrotropical Lepidoptera during 2019, which deal with scientific research into Afrotropical Papilionoidea, are listed alphabetically by author. Articles dealing with control of Lepidoptera as pests are excluded.
Checklist of the Lepidoptera of southern Africa
Authors: Krüger Martin
Published: March 2022

No Abstract
Puerarin mitigates symptoms of depression in ovariectomized female rats by regulating hippocampal cAMP-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Rui , Li Yubo , Wang Zheng , Li Jinfeng , Liang Yuan , Li Min
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of puerarin on the symptoms of depression in ovariectomized female rat model, and the mechanism of action involved.

Methods: Ninety healthy female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to five groups: sham, model, low-dose puerarin, medium-dose puerarin, and high-dose puerarin groups, with 18 rats per group. Changes in the levels of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and apoptosis-related proteins were determined and compared.

Results: Compared with the sham group, vertical and horizontal scores, and levels of DA, NA, 5-HT, Bcl-2, p-CREB and BDNF in the model group were significantly decreased. On the other hand, duration of immobility in forced swimming was prolonged, while the concentrations of caspase-1 and ASC increased significantly (p < 0.05). Compared with the model group, with increase in pueraria dose, vertical and horizontal scores, and expression levels of DA, NA, 5-HT, Bcl-2, p-CREB and BDNF of rats were gradually increased, duration of immobility in forced swimming was gradually shortened, and the expression levels of Caspase-1 and ASC w decreased gradually, relative to model group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Puerarin mitigates depression-like behavior of ovariectomized-depression rats by activating cAMP-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Thus, this compound is a potential new lead in the development of drugs for the treatment of depression in ovariectomized women.
Anti-hypoxia effects of ginseng (Panax Ginseng C A Meyer) oligopeptides in mice
Authors: Li Di , Ren Jinwei , Sun JingQing , Wu Lan , Liu Peng , Li Yong
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To study the anti-hypoxia effects of ginseng oligopeptides (GOPs) in mice.

Methods: Mice were randomly assigned to six groups: vehicle control group, whey protein-fed group (0.30 g/kg body weight, BW), and four groups given GOP at doses of 0.075, 0.150, 0.300, 0.600 g/kg BW. All treatments were administered via gavage once a day for a total of 30 days.

Results: GOPs significantly extended survival times under normobaric hypoxia, sodium nitrite toxicosis and acute cerebral ischemia. Moreover, GOPs enhanced the levels of RBC, Hb and Hct; decreased brain malonaldehyde (MDA) and lactate contents, enhanced brain lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and upregulated the mRNA expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Conclusion: GOPs exert anti-hypoxia effects via mechanisms which may involve improvement of oxygen-carrying capacity of blood and oxygen utilization, reduction of lipid peroxidation-associated lesions, enhancement of brain capacity to buffer against lactic acidosis, promotion of angiogenesis, and regulation of response to hypoxia.
Glutinol inhibits the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Li Juan
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the anticancer effect of glutinol on OVACAR3 human ovarian cancer cells, and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycle distribution, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured via flow cytometry, while protein expression levels were determined with western blotting assay.

Results: Glutinol exerted significant growth-inhibitory effects on human OVACAR3 cells, but interestingly, it exhibited comparatively lower cytotoxic effects against normal SV40 cells. The IC50 of glutinol against human OVACAR3 cells was 6 μM, while the IC50 against normal SV40 cells was 60 μM. Flow cytometric analysis showed an increase in population of OVACAR3 cells in G2/M phase from 4.02 % in control to 29.05 % on treatment with 12 μM glutinol, suggestive of G2/M phase arrest. The G2/M arrest of OVACAR3 cells was also accompanied by suppression of cyclin B1. It was also found that increases in ROS levels and decreases in MMP activities contributed to the glutinol-induced antiproliferative effects on human OVACAR3 cells. Moreover, glutinol deactivated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in OVACAR-3 ovarian cancer cells.

Conclusion: Glutinol exerted potent anticancer effects against human ovarian cancer. Thus, it might be of potential benefit in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Protective role of cannabinoids against diabetic nephropathy induced in rats by streptozotocin
Authors: Fan WenXing , Hong ShiJun , Wei Tao , Yang YueNa , Weng Min , Zhang Jing , Su Feng , Niroj Mali
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effects of cannabinoid ligand in diabetic nephropathy mediated by streptozotocin (STZ) injection in rats.

Methods: Rats deprived of food were injected streptozotocin (STZ, 70 mg/kg) followed by confirmation of diabetes by checking the blood glucose level for three consecutive days. The kidney tissue was exposed to periodic acid Schiff reagent (PASR) for the investigation of glomerular sclerotic injury under microscope.

Results: Cannabinoid treatment decreased mesangial expansion, glomerular volume, proteinuria, reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in STZ rats. The cells were cultured with 40 mM of glucose for 8 h in which the podocytes responded with 2.9-fold increase in dihydroethidium fluorescence signal, compared to the podocytes cells cultured in low glucose (10 mM). However, cannabinoid treatment decreased ROS production in podocytes as indicated by dihydroehidium relative fluorescence. Further, the effect of ROS production by glucose on podocytes was inhibited by NADPH oxidase inhibitor, DPI (10 mM). Moreover, cannabinoid treatment reduced the expression of Sgk1, NADPH oxidase activity which was elevated by high glucose.

Conclusion: Treatment with cannabinoid decreases mesangial expansion, glomerular volume, proteinuria, and reactive oxygen species production in STZ rats. Thus, cannabinoid may be a protective agent against diabetic nephropathy in humans.
Effect of immunotherapy on T lymphocyte subsets, FOXP3 and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio in children with allergic asthma
Authors: Zhang Yanrui , Li Lei , Wang Rong , Wang Jingjing , Yuan Jing
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To study the effect of specific immunotherapy on T lymphocyte subsets, FOXP3 and IFN-γ/IL-4 in children with allergic asthma (AA).

Methods: 57 AA children were selected and received the allergen specific immunotherapy, thereafter, the T lymphocyte subsets, FOXP3 and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were measured at three time points, before treatment, after 1yr and 2yr of treatment. Then the clinical efficacy after 2yr was recorded.

Results: The pre- and post- treatment percentages of CD4 + CD25 + T cells in CD4 + T cells had no difference (P>0.05). The proportion of CD4 + CD25 high T cells in CD4 + T was significantly increased after 1yr and 2yr of treatment (P<0.05), the difference between that after 1yr and 2yr of treatment was not significant. The relative expression of FOXP3 at three time points in a descending order was after 1yr, 2yr of treatment and pre-treatment (P<0.05). The relative IFN-γ expression after 1yr of treatment increased and returned to pre-treatment level after 2yr of treatment; IL-4 expression levels decreased as the treatment time extended; The IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio at three time points in a descending order was after 1yr, 2yr of treatment and pretreatment (P<0.05). The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in the children increased significantly as treatment time extended (P<0.05), and became stable after 1yr and 2yr of treatment, while the concentration of IL-4 showed a decrease trend (P<0.05), also tended to be stable after 1yr and 2yr of treatment. The clinical efficacy after 2yr of treatment was 87.72%.

Conclusion: This study has revealed that FOXP3, IFN-γ, and IL-4 have significant roles FOXP3 in the process of specific immunotherapy for children with allergic asthma. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanism.
MiR-143-5p inhibits proliferation, invasion, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition of colorectal cancer cells by downregulation of HMGA2
Authors: Li Xiuqing , Zhang Hui , Cui Tao , Wu Youshan , Wang Shougang
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of miR-143-5p in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression.

Methods: Expression of miR-143-5p in CRC cell lines SW620 and HCT116 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Stable miR-143-5p overexpression was mediated by lentivirus. The effects of miR-143-5p on proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT) of SW620 and HCT116 cells were assessed by colony formation assay, CCK-8, Transwell assay, wound healing assay, and western blot. Target prediction was performed for miR-143-5p, and a dual luciferase assay was used to verify the targeting relationship.

Results: Compared to CRC cells transfected with negative controls, cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and EMT were inhibited in miR-143-5p-overexpressing cells. Expression of HMGA2 (high- mobility Group AT-Hook 2), a target gene of miR-143-5p, was repressed by miR-143-5p. Rescue experiments confirmed that upregulation of HMGA2 due to mIR-143-5p overexpression reversed inhibition of CRC cell proliferation, invasion and EMT.

Conclusion: MiR-143-5p inhibits the malignant progression of CRC by regulating HMGA2 expression and is expected to provide new therapeutic approaches for clinical treatment of CRC.
Irigenin exhibits anticancer activity against human colon cancer cells via autophagy, inhibition of cell migration and invasion, and targeting of ERK/MAPK signal pathway
Authors: Zhan Yan , Kong Shuangxi , Fan Liang , Jiang Jun
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To study the anticancer effect of naturally-occurring irigenin isoflavonoid on colon cancer, and to determine the mechanism involved.

Methods: The effect of irigenin on viability of normal and cancerous colon cells was assessed by MTT assay, while clonogenic assay was used to measure colony generation. Autophagy was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blotting. Transwell chamber assay was used to determine the influence of irigenin isoflavonoid on cell migration and invasion. The expression levels of ERK/MAPK signal pathway-associated proteins were assayed using Western blotting.

Results: Irigenin significantly decreased the viability of Caco-2 colon cancer cells, in contrast to normal CCD841 colon cells, and produced concentration-dependent anti-proliferative effects (p < 0.05). The number of cell colonies in control group decreased significantly (p < 0.05) upon exposure to irigenin. Results from TEM revealed that irigenin caused dose-dependent formation of autophagosomes, and dose-based up-regulation of the expressions of Beclin-1, LC3-I and LC3-II (p < 0.05). Moreover, irigenin markedly suppressed the migration and invasion of Coca-2 cells. Furthermore, irigenin exposure dose- dependently blocked the expressions of proteins associated with ERK/MAPK signal pathway in Coca-2 cells.

Conclusion: These results indicate that irigenin exerts potent inhibitory effect on the growth and migration of colon cancer cells. Furthermore, irigenin induces autophagy, inhibits cell migration and invasion, and targets ERK/MAPK survival signal pathway. Therefore, irigenin may be a lead candidate drug for colon cancer treatment. However, there is need for further in vivo and clinical studies to validate these findings.
Evidence of anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties of aerial parts of Centaurea tougourensis Boiss. and Reut.
Authors: Bensaad Mohamed Sabri , Dassamiour Saliha , Hambaba Leila , Kahoul Mohamed Amine , Benhoula Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To determine the anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties of the aerial parts of Centaurea tougourensis Boiss. & Reut.

Methods: The effects of n-butanol (n-BuOH) extract of the aerial part of Centaurea tougourensis on carrageenan-induced paw edema and ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage were determined at 2 doses (200 and 400 mg/kg, po) in a mouse model. For each test, the animals were randomly divided into negative and positive control groups, as well as extract-treated groups. The mice were observed for any sign of inflammation for a period of 24h.

Results: Reduction of paw edema by C. tougourensis extract was highly significant (p < 0.001) at a dose of 400 mg/kg 24 h after carrageenan injection, with 55.26 % inhibition, followed very closely by 53.15 % inhibition at the dose of 200 mg/kg; indomethacin group showed an inhibition of 60 %. Histological examination supported the inhibition results. A significant reduction in inflammation by the extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg was also observed. No sign of ulcer was observed with C. tougourensis at the two doses (200 and 400 mg/kg). The total polyphenol content of the n-BuOH extract was 85.44 цg gallic acid equivalent/mg of extract. Tannins were the most abundant fraction (51.87 цg tannic acid equivalent/mg of extract), followed by flavonoids (25.55 цg quercetin equivalent/mg of extract).

Conclusion: The results indicate that C. tougourensis may have potential beneficial effects in the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation and pain, besides its protective effect on the gastrointestinal tract.
Extraction, biological activities and stability of Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract as a functional food colorant and nutraceutical
Authors: Putthawan Pornhathai , Prompanya Burimnat , Promnet Suthasinee
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To study the biological effects and the stability of H.polyrhizus peel extract as a natural colorant and nutraceutical in foods

Methods: Distilled water, 90 % alcohol mixed with citric acid (2 and 4 %) were used for pigment extraction. Betalain content and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were determined. Cytotoxic effect against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human cervical adenocarcinoma (Hela), human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), murine leukemia (P388) and human oral cavity carcinoma (KB) were measured with MTT assay. Then, the effectiveness of different carriers for coating the pigment i.e., lactose, starch and maltodextrin were measured. The thermal and pH stabilities of pigments were determined in samples at temperatures of 50, 70 and 90°C, and at pH values of 2, 7 and 12. Finally, consumer acceptance of cooled jelly containing synthetic dye and betalain pigment was assessed.

Results: Distilled water was the best solvent for extraction, producing 59.9 mg/g of betalain, and 42.39 % DPPH radical scavenging activity. The betalain pigment had high antiproliferative effect against P388 cancer, with 77.50 %, cytotoxicity. The best for carriers were 10 % lactose and 10 % matodextrin (p > 0.05). The samples were unstable when adjusted pH 2 and 12 at all temperatures. Cooled jelly containing 1 % artificial dye had the highest sensory score, followed by 2.5 % natural colorant.

Conclusion: H. polyrhizus pigment has promising potential for application in food products as a functional food colorant and nutraceutical. However, further studies are required the shelf life of pigment.
Job satisfaction among pharmacists practicing in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Iheanacho Chinonyerem O. , Odili Valentine U.
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Job satisfaction is positively related to productivity and effectiveness and therefore, vital for effective functioning of any professional practice including pharmacy. The purpose of this study was to assess job satisfaction of pharmacists in Benin City and to gain insight and understanding of their expectations in various practice area.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists in various practice areas in Benin City. Job satisfaction was evaluated among 200 pharmacists recruited using convenient sampling method. The tool used was a pretested, three section self-completion questionnaire which tested job satisfaction and their indicators in pharmacy practice areas using 3 and 5 point Likert-type scales, respectively. Data were compared using ANOVA.

Results: Majority of the respondents were males (116, 58.0%), married (100, 50.0%), and practiced in community pharmacies (96, 48.0%). Their overall satisfaction with their jobs had the mean scores of 2.25 ± 0.591. Compared to other practice areas, the pharmacists in academia had the highest overall job satisfaction score (2.47 ± 0.615) and this was significantly (p=0.01) higher than the overall satisfaction score of hospital pharmacists (2.04 ± 0.576). Increase in salary was the highest indicator of job satisfaction for the respondents (4.26 ± 1.218); which was followed by promotion (4.11±1.207) and recognition (3.91 ±1.254). The least indicators were motivational talk (3.36 ±1.329) and leave from work (3.37 ±1.319).

Conclusion: Study participants reported to be satisfied on their job and academics were most satisfied, while hospital pharmacists were the least satisfied. Salary increase, promotion, and recognition were the major factors that influence job satisfaction for the pharmacists.
Utilización de gallinaza para corregir la acidez y fertilidad del suelo
Authors: Julia M. O‘Hallorans  , Miguel A. Muñoz  , Pedro E. Marquez
Published: March 2022

La producción de cosechas en áreas tropicales puede limitarse debido a problemas de acidez del suelo. Para los países en vías de desarrollo el uso de fuentes convencionales para encalar puede resultar muy caro. Una posible alternativa para disminuir la acidez del suelo es la utilización de residuos de cosecha y desperdicios de animales. Se realizó un experimento para evaluar el efecto de la gallinaza en las propiedades químicas del suelo. A los seis meses luego de establecerse el experimento se tomaron muestras de suelo a una profundidad de 0 a 20 cm. El pH del suelo aumentó significativamente de 4.92, en el tratamiento control, a 5.32 con la aplicación de 15 t/ha de gallinaza. En los mismos tratamientos el aluminio extraído con KCl disminuyó significativamente de 0.38 a 0.20 cmolc/kg, lo que representa una reducción de 7.71 en el porcentaje de saturación de aluminio. La disponibilidad de fósforo aumentó significativamente de 34.18 mg/kg, en el tratamiento control, a 178.04 mg/kg con la aplicación de 15 t/ha de gallinaza.
LEVADURA TORULA CULTIVADA EN MOSTO DE DESTILERÍA DE RON COMO PUENTE PROTEICA PARA GALLINAS PONEDORAS
Authors: Paul F. Randel
Published: March 2022

LEVADURA TORULA CULTIVADA EN MOSTO DE DESTILERÍA DE RON COMO PUENTE PROTEICA PARA GALLINAS PONEDORAS
YIELD OF DIAMANTE AND KINABAYO YAM CULTIVARS GROWN WITH AND WITHOUT VINE SUPPORT ON AN ULTISOL
Authors: Héber Irizarry  , Edmundo Rivera
Published: March 2022

YIELD OF DIAMANTE AND KINABAYO YAM CULTIVARS GROWN WITH AND WITHOUT VINE SUPPORT ON AN ULTISOL
EFICIENCIA DE VARIOS EQUIPOS PARA APLICAR FUNGICIDAS EN LOS CAFETALES
Authors: Rocío del P. Rodríguez  , Carlos Flores  , Osvaldo Bosques  , Wigmar González
Published: March 2022

EFICIENCIA DE VARIOS EQUIPOS PARA APLICAR FUNGICIDAS EN LOS CAFETALES
The Lebanese experience for early career development: Bridging the gap to reach the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Global Competency Framework
Authors: Hajj Aline , Zeenny Rony M. , Akel Marwan , Sacre Hala , Salameh Pascale
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Currently, there is no official national competency framework for pharmacy education or early career development programs in Lebanon. In 2017, the Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon attempted to fill that gap by developing and validating a framework using the FIP Global Competency Framework version 1 among others.   
Methods: Since this framework has not been implemented by the Lebanese educational bodies, it was deemed necessary to adapt it further, adding innovative aspects according to the recently published FIP Global Competency Framework version 2. This study identified recommendations to ways of improving pharmacy education.  
Results: There are missing barriers, which pose major challenges to the implementation of early career training in pharmacy schools in Lebanon. The implementation of these recommendations would produce practice-ready pharmacists with homogeneous competencies.  
Conclusion: A critical analysis of the contextual factors affecting the success of early-career training would help set expected outcomes to ensure best fit for society.
Transition to practice in pharmacy: An ill-defined concept?
Authors: Arsenault Maude , Leclerc Gilles , David Pierre-Marie , Angrignon-Girouard Émilie
Published: March 2022

Commonly described as the passage from school to practice, transition to practice, as a concept, as yet to be explored in-depth, is clearly circumscribed and conceptualised to better address the issues experienced by new health professionals when they begin their professional practice. This study intends to describe how the process of transition to practice is represented and studied within various health disciplines, particularly in pharmacy. A scoping review design was chosen to sort out a corpus of published papers on the transition to practice. The primary objectives of this review are to clarify the key concepts related to the transition to practice, make sense of the available literature and evidence on the transition to practice in health disciplines, detect gaps in the current knowledge, particularly in pharmacy, and identify relevant lines of inquiry that would provide a better understanding of this critical and vital process.
Del silencio a la acción colectiva: voces de mujeres víctimas de acoso sexual en las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Cano-Arango Bibiana , Duque-Monsalve Luisa , Montoya-Escobar Mónica , Gaviria-Gómez Ana
Published: March 2022

En el artículo analizamos las reacciones de las víctimas de acoso sexual en dos universidades de Medellín - Colombia. La investigación tuvo un diseño mixto, con enfoque de género. Implementamos las siguientes técnicas de generación de datos: encuestas, entrevistas en profundidad y talleres reflexivos. Los resultados indican que las mujeres son las principales víctimas de esta problemática y que sus respuestas van desde la evitación (huida del lugar de la agresión), la confrontación (manifestación explícita del rechazo) hasta la denuncia (queja ante superiores, activación de rutas internas o externas, entre otros). Las reacciones más frecuentes son evitativas y no contribuyen a la transformación de la problemática. Mientras que, las respuestas de denuncia se encuentran con la barrera de la violencia institucional. Como alternativa, identificamos una respuesta emergente en las víctimas: la acción colectiva de las jóvenes feministas en las universidades.
Social Inclusion and Exclusion Places: The Point of View of Young Adults
Authors: Rania Nadia , Coppola Ilaria , Pinna Laura
Published: March 2022

In the literature places have been defined as First (home), Second (work and school) and Third places (physical and virtual). The present study aims to analyze the perception of inclusion/exclusion that young adults have of the places that they live. The research was conducted using the Photovoice technique and involved 50 young Italian adults. Results highlight how participants perceive some Second and Third places in most cases as inclusive places, even if they highlight the exclusion dimension for some categories of people. We think that reflecting on inclusive/exclusive places can stimulate greater awareness and sense of belonging, which affect well-being.
SISTEM INFORMASI ABSENSI SISWA BERBASIS SMS GATEWAY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PHP PADA PROGRAM MONITORING ABSENSI PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Parapat Anju , Syaechurodji Syaechurodji
Published: March 2022

Discipline of students and students in the school environment is very important in the process of teaching and learning activities in the school environment, where the discipline can be seen from the results of the attendance attendance of students and students every day. Monitoring student attendance is carried out by each subject teacher who teaches in each class, and then gives it to the student administration staff. The method used in this research is the waterfall method (Waterfall Model) which begins with an analysis of the applications that are running, design, coding, and maintenance of information systems. The author conducts research and looks at student attendance information systems that still have problems that occur. Problems that often occur are the slow process of delivering student absenteeism information to the homeroom teacher, the absence of applications for delivering student absentee information that is fast, accurate and relevant to administrative staff, homeroom teachers, and student guardians, and the absence of student attendance monitoring applications as information media realtime student attendance. Based on the analysis that has been done, it is obtained that, to overcome the problems that occur in the existing student attendance Information System, it is necessary to design and implement a structured system in order to run as expected
SISTEM INFORMASI PRAKERIN BERBASIS WEB PADA SMKN 1 ANYER
Authors: Juniansha Dedi , Korneilis Korneilis
Published: March 2022

Information system Praktek Kerja Industri in smkn 1 anyer, Strata I Program Informatics Engineering, College Information Management and Computer Cilegon, Praktek Kerja Industri information system is an information system that provides information to students to perform industrial work as a condition of graduation later, the method used is the method of observation, Interviews, and literature. Support software study method in making this application phpmyadmin, komodo editor, mysql has been able to create a Praktek Kerja Industri information system in smkn 1 anyer.
IMPLEMENTASI CLOUD STORAGE MENGGUNAKAN OWNCLOUD DAN UBUNTU SERVER STUDI KASUS PADA PT INDONESIA NIPPON SEIKI
Authors: Gunawan Waliadi , Sunandar Elan
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to produce real work based on the need for cloud storage for ease in the company's business processes which in its benefits are intended for file sharing in the e-mail delivery process and provide security for attached files because infrastructure such as servers and storage media are within the scope of the company. The research method that I use is the prototype

method, where the author first analyzes the needs and from the results of the analysis the authors design the stages that will be carried out and use UML (Unified Modeling Language) as a software modeling tool developed. The results achieved are that the file sharing facility in cloud storage can be used as a medium for sending large files in the process of sending e-mails by uploading files to be sent into cloud storage to then get the download link to be sent via e-mail to then downloaded by the recipient user, and information security can be better maintained because all infrastructure both from the server and storage media are within the scope of the company, this is done to prevent theft of information by irresponsible parties. The conclusion is that before applying cloud storage, the maximum limit for sending email is only 5 Mb, after cloud storage is implemented at the company, the business process of sending e-mails with large file attachment sizes is not a problem because users can utilize cloud storage facilities, and data security. To be guaranteed because cloud storage infrastructure is within the scope of the company.
O psihologiji ustaških čuvara i logoraša u Jasenovcu
Authors: Goldstein Ivo
Published: March 2022

U radu se kratko opisuje i pokušava analizirati psihološke stanje čuvara u logoru Jasenovac i njegovih zatočenika te njihove međusobne odnose i doticaje u takvim okolnostima.
Koprivničko-križevačka županija i njene postrojbe u Domovinskome ratu 1991. – 1995. godine
Authors: Škvorc Đuro
Published: March 2022

U članku će biti prikazan doprinos postrojbi hrvatske policije i vojske iz prostora Koprivničko-križevačke županije u obrani i oslobađanju Republike Hrvatske. Županija se nalazila izvan prve crte bojišnice u Domovinskom ratu 1991.–1995. godine. I pored toga dala je veliki doprinos u obrani i oslobađanju Republike Hrvatske od velikosrpske agresije. Među prvima u Republici Hrvatskoj, prostor Županije oslobođen je od Jugoslavenske narodne armije (JNA), poslano je naoružanje u ostale dijelove Hrvatske, ustrojavaju se postrojbe koje se uključuju u obranu Hrvatske na novljansko-pakračkom bojištu od listopada 1991. Iste će sudjelovati u najvećoj mjeri u oslobađanju Republike Hrvatske. Njima je posvećen najveći dio rada. Pored Hrvatske vojske (HV-a) veliki doprinos dala je temeljna i specijalna policija naše Županije, osobito u početcima Domovinskog rata 1991. u obrani Pakraca, Daruvara, prostora Banovine.
escape room: using a simple text-based game to promote business undergraduates’ digital self-reliance
Authors: Offord Matt , Honeychurch Sarah , Quinn Nick , Barr Matt , Mullen Helen
Published: March 2022

This case study aims to highlight the ease of use and effectiveness of an escape room game by describing how it was implemented in an undergraduate business course. The case study demonstrates the simplicity of a straightforward text-based game and how this was used in a large course of online students. Our case study aims to present our experience of implementing the escape room game from a practical perspective. We add to our narrative some descriptive statistics from a student survey conducted after the game. The case study builds on existing work in this field by extending its use beyond small face-to-face sessions to a technique suitable for far larger classes in an online format.
EFFECT OF THE ENERGY DRINK (TIGER) ON THE PARAMETERS OF LIPID PROFILEIN THE FEMALE ALBINO MICE
Authors: FATHIL Noor Mahdi
Published: March 2022

The aim of research is to clarify effect of an energy drink (Tiger) on Lipid profile physiological parameters in female mice for a period of four weeks. Adults female mice were used in research and divide to two groups. The first group is the control group that give distilled water (D.w.) for four weeks and the second group was treated group with tiger concentration dose 1.5 ml/mg for period of four weeks. After the end of the dosing period, sacrifices animals and the blood samples are collected without anticoagulant, and blood serum is obtained and kept at− 20 °C for biochemical tests. The research was seen that there was the significant increase (p<0.05) in a cholesterol and the highdensity lipoproteins, with a significant decrease (p< 0.05) in value of triglycerides and a very low-density lipoprotein(VLDL), a Low density lipoprotein (LDL) was showed non –significant (P≥0.05) in the dosed group as compare as the control group. Key words: Energy Drink (Tiger ), Cholesterol(CHO), Triglycerides (TG), HighDensity Lipoprotein (HDL), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), The (LDL) Low-Density Lipoprotein.
DEFENSIVO AGRÍCOLA OU AGROTÓXICO? IMPACTOS NA ECONOMIA E NA SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Pontes Rudi Scaffa Santiago
Published: March 2022

Introdução: O termo agrotóxico em substituição a defensivos agrícolas passou a ser utilizado no Brasil após uma grande mobilização social que questionava a toxidade desses produtos. Objetivo: O presente trabalho propõe-se analisar através de uma revisão bibliográfica a relação desses produtos com a economia agrícola e os seus impactos na saúde pública. Material e métodos: Efetuou-se uma busca integrativa na base de dados da Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), sendo analisados cinco artigos publicados no Brasil a partir dos objetivos da pesquisa. Resultados: Diante do modo como surgiu o termo agrotóxico, qualquer pessoa pensaria na necessidade de instrumentos regulatórios mais rígidos para a sua comercialização. Sob o ponto de vista econômico, deve-se considerar a agricultura como vetor crucial do crescimento econômico brasileiro, e que a produção agrícola interna em larga escala reduz o preço da alimentação, melhorando a qualidade de vida da população brasileira. Na ótica do agricultor, o seu uso é importante considerando o benefício esperado na redução do potencial de perdas produtivas ocasionadas por enfermidades conhecidas como “Pragas”. Entretanto, sob a perspectiva de bem-estar social, há um alto custo externalizado por essa atividade devido ocasionar danos à saúde. Os riscos de intoxicação humana acontecem não somente através do trabalho direto na agricultura. Além dos danos agudos a estes mais bem descritos, tendo em vista o processo de intoxicação mais imediato, muitos efeitos nocivos crônico têm sido observados em estudos científicos na área da saúde, os quais têm detectado lesões na pele, presença dessas substâncias em amostra de sangue humano assim como resíduos presentes em alimentos consumidos pela população em geral, apontando a possibilidade de ocorrência de câncer, doenças mentais e disfunções na reprodução humana. Em geral essas consequências estão condicionadas a fatores como: o uso inadequado dessas substâncias, a pressão exercida pela indústria e pelos grupos de produtores, e a ineficiência dos órgãos reguladores nos mecanismos de vigilância. Conclusão: Pelos resultados obtidos na revisão bibliográfica, pode-se concluir a necessidade do papel das políticas governamentais na criação de ações e regras cujo propósito seja a racionalização do uso dos agrotóxicos à luz de uma perspectiva de convergência entre os interesses econômicos, ambientais e da saúde pública.
MEMÓRIAS: CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO DAS PRINCIPAIS PANDEMIAS NO MUNDO, DO PASSADO E PRESENTE
Authors: Ferreira Bruno Rogério , Sousa Letícia Cristina Alves de , Tassara Kênnia Rodrigues , Pires Débora de Jesus , Wastowski Isabela Jubé
Published: March 2022

Introdução: Através das memorias, seja ela, arquivadas ou documentadas, traz para o nosso presente a história. Podendo, ser memórias do passado ou do presente. As pandemias estão constantemente gravadas na história do homem na Terra. Portanto, o passado, tem uma função social para o presente, logo, referenciar as pandemias acometidas no mundo traz para o presente as experiências, conhecimento, inovação e a mudança. Objetivo: Trazer as memórias e a contextualização das principais pandemias no mundo, do passado e presente e demonstrar a importância para a atualidade. Materiais e Métodos: Trata- se de um artigo de revisão de literatura. Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas plataformas: Bireme, PubMed, Lilacs e Google Acadêmico, usando os termos, “Pandemias no mundo”; “Peste negra ou Peste Bubônica”; “Varíola”; “Cólera”; “Gripe espanhola”; “AIDS”; “SARS”; “Ebola”; COVID-19”, incluindo o descritor Booleano “AND” Foram encontrados 131 artigos no total, após, as leituras foram selecionadas 31 artigos para a escrita do artigo. Resultados: A historicidade permite a inclusão no campo da ciência histórica de novos objetos da história. Ao longo da história, as doenças se espalharam por meio de epidemias e pandemias. Nada mudou no século XXI. A relação da sociedade com as pandemias vivenciadas no passado, é analisar os impactos na sociedade em determinada época e como reagiram, verificar como as autoridades sanitárias, optaram nas questões preventivas, quais os preconceitos disseminados à sociedade contaminada, e os conhecimentos da população sobre a doença em uma determinada época. Considerações finais: Podemos inferir, que a história nos faz enxergar quais medidas foram tomadas no passado, e cabe a nós repetir os erros, ou se avançaremos para algo melhor e confiaremos na ciência do presente.