bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRECISION MEASUREMENT OF THE MOMENTA OF CONVERSION ELECTRON LINES FROM SOURCES OF 212Pb (ThB)
Authors: Graham R. L. , Murray G. , Geiger J. S.
Published: April 2011

Momentum ratios of some of the more intense internal conversion lines from sources of thorium radioactive deposit have been determined with accuracies of 1 to 4 parts in 105 using an iron-free β spectrometer. Accurate absolute values of the momenta were obtained from intercomparisons of these line momenta with that of the K-412 internal conversion line in 198Hg. The X-ray self-calibration method of Siegbahn is discussed in some detail and is shown to be less accurate at this time. The results are analyzed on both the 1955 and 1963 least-squares adjusted values of the fundamental constants.
EXCITATION OF CYCLOTRON SPIKES IN THE IONOSPHERIC PLASMA
Authors: Lockwood G. E. K.
Published: April 2011

The occurrence of resonances in the ionosphere at frequencies which are harmonics of the gyrofrequency have been detected by the topside-sounder satellite, Alouette I. It has been observed that the occurrence of cyclotron spikes on ionograms is a function of the angle between the antenna and the earth's magnetic field. The number of cyclotron spikes observed is a maximum when the appropriate antenna is parallel to the earth's magnetic field.
PROPAGATION IN A WAVE GUIDE WITH GLIDE REFLECTION SYMMETRY
Authors: Mittra R. , Laxpati S.
Published: April 2011

An exact formulation of the boundary value problem for an infinite lossless iris-loaded periodic wave guide with glide reflection symmetry has been obtained for TM wave propagation. The characteristic equation for the fundamental propagation constant β0 is solved for real as well as complex roots. The solutions are plotted in the form of k–β diagrams. The effect of variation of certain parameters is studied. On the basis of the periodicity of the solutions for β0 it is demonstrated that the effective period of this structure is half its translation period. A discussion of the k–β plots is presented and some comments on the properties of the complex waves in lossless periodic wave guides are included.
DELAYED PROTONS FOLLOWING THE DECAY OF ARGON-33
Authors: Hardy J. C. , Verrall R. I.
Published: April 2011

The delayed-proton precursor 33Ar has been produced by proton bombardment of a lithium chloride target in the internal beam of the McGill synchrocyclotron. The half-life of 33Ar was measured to be (178 ± 10) msec. To explain the delayed proton spectrum, two new levels, at 5.55 and 7.55 MeV, in 33Cl are proposed. It is also proposed that the former is the expected first T = 3/2 state in that nucleus.
SOME PHONON EFFECTS IN SUPERCONDUCTING TUNNEL JUNCTIONS
Authors: Adler J. G. , Rogers J. S. , Woods S. B.
Published: April 2011

Tunneling measurements have been made on junctions consisting of aluminium separated from a second metal by aluminium oxide insulating layers. When the second metal was lead, tin, or indium, the effect of its phonon spectrum on the tunnel current was observed. Results with indium indicate that there is a broad group of phonons at an energy of 5 millivolts and another group at an energy of 13 millivolts in the indium phonon spectrum. The end point of the spectrum is at 14.8 ± 0.1 millivolts. Evidence is presented for a relationship between the strength of the phonon structure, the phonon energy, and the width of the superconducting energy gap from measurements on lead, tin, and indium. Measurements of the temperature dependence of the phonon structure in lead and indium are also reported.
ON THE SEPARATION METHOD FOR THE NUCLEAR MANY-BODY PROBLEM
Authors: Razavy M. , Stack S. J.
Published: April 2011

A method of calculation of the nuclear reaction matrix is proposed in which the interaction is divided into two parts. The long-range part of the interaction together with the kinetic energy forms the unperturbed Hamiltonian and the short-range interaction is treated as a perturbation. The separation distance is so chosen that the perturbation produces no energy shift, but modifies the many-body wave function. For the special case where the outer part of the interaction is sufficiently weak, a plane-wave approximation is used for the unperturbed wave function, with the result that the diagonal elements of the reaction matrix are given by the first Born approximation of the long-range part of the potential. An iteration scheme is set up to compute the dividing point of the interaction. Such properties of nuclear matter as saturation, binding energy, and rearrangement energy are discussed in terms of the separation distance and its derivatives. Finally, this method is compared with those of Moszkowski and Scott (1960) and Bethe et al. (1963).
FIELD STRENGTH IN PULSED MERCURY ARCS
Authors: Ahlborn B. , Barnard A. J. , Campbell H. D.
Published: April 2011

In a pulsed arc with mercury electrodes the average column field strength Eco was measured for different currents I, and the relationship [Formula: see text] was found. The variations of arc current and voltage with time indicate that the anode and cathode fall regions have a combined thickness of 3 × 10−6 cm, and an average field strength of 2 × 106 V/cm. The arc plasma is formed mainly from mercury vapor, rather than from the surrounding gas.
A NOTE ON THE FIELD OF A DIPOLE IN A UNIAXIAL MEDIUM
Authors: Hurd R. A.
Published: April 2011

The results of Clemmow on the field of an electric dipole in a medium with electric anisotropy are extended to include magnetic dipoles in a medium with both electric and magnetic anisotropy. Some misprints in Clemmow's paper are corrected.
ELECTRIC-FIELD STIMULATION OF SHALLOW TRAPPING LEVELS IN EVAPORATED FILMS OF CdSe
Authors: Brodie D. E. , Reed L. D.
Published: April 2011

An experimental technique has been developed which enables one to observe trapping levels close to the band edge in the forbidden gap of evaporated films. The technique has been applied to evaporated films of CdSe, and the data obtained are analyzed by the method suggested by Haering (1959).
GROUP THEORETICAL STUDY OF LEPTONIC PROCESSES
Authors: McConnell James
Published: April 2011

The leptons are classified according to the B2 group and it is shown how conservation laws for leptonic processes are related to invariances of the interaction Lagrangian density under the group transformations.
COLLISION-INDUCED ABSORPTION OF COMPRESSED GASES IN THE FAR INFRARED, PART I
Authors: Bosomworth D. R. , Gush H. P.
Published: April 2011

A study is being made of the far infrared absorption occurring in compressed rare-gas mixtures, and compressed homonuclear diatomic gases. The region investigated lies between 20 and 400 cm−1. The spectra are obtained from the Fourier analysis of interferograms produced by a dynamic Michelson interferometer. It is possible to obtain accurate absolute absorption coefficients for broad bands using this method provided care is exercised in the analysis of the interferograms. The necessary precautions are discussed in detail. The precision of the method obtained in practice is demonstrated using the far infrared bands of hydrogen and nitrogen as examples. Only the experimental techniques are discussed in this paper; the detailed results follow in a separate paper.
HYPERFINE STRUCTURE OF THE LEVEL OF LITHIUM-6 AND LITHIUM-7
Authors: Ritter George J.
Published: April 2011

The hyperfine structure of the level 2 2P1/2 of both 6Li and 7Li has been investigated by means of the optical–radio–frequency double-resonance method. The following values were obtained for the magnetic interaction constants of the two isotopes:[Formula: see text]The gJ value for the 2P1/2 level was found to be −0.6668 ± 0.0020.
INFRARED ABSORPTION OF DEUTERIUM INDUCED BY INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
Authors: Reddy S. Paddi , Cho C. W.
Published: April 2011

The pressure-induced fundamental infrared absorption band of deuterium has been investigated in the pure gas for gas pressures up to 250 atm at room temperature. The binary and ternary absorption coefficients were determined from the integrated absorption coefficients of the fundamental band at different densities of the gas. The splitting of the Q branch into two well-resolved components QP and QR was observed; the contours also exhibit pronounced S(0) and S(2) components with an indication of the S(1) and O(2) components. The existing theory and the available molecular parameters of deuterium were used to calculate the binary absorption coefficients of the individual lines of the O and S branches and of the quadrupole part of the Q branch. From these calculations and the experimental value of the total binary absorption coefficient of the fundamental band, the overlap part of the binary absorption coefficient of the Q branch was estimated.
TARGET TRANSPARENCY AND HIGH-ENERGY COLLISION MECHANISM
Authors: Thompson Charles
Published: April 2011

Two mechanisms of high-energy inelastic collisions are given, each of which causes an increase in the target radius and its transparency. Thus, the mechanism of shrinkage in the diffraction peak of the elastic event or, in other words, the reason why the target radius can become infinity in the high-energy limit is clarified.
NUCLEAR SPIN RELAXATION IN LIQUID AND SOLID METHANE: ISOTOPE EFFECTS
Authors: De Wit Gerald A. , Bloom Myer
Published: April 2011

The deuteron spin–lattice relaxation time T1 and spin–spin relaxation time T2 have been studied in CD4 and CD3H between 55 °K and 110 °K. T1 was found to increase very slowly with temperature over the entire temperature range for CD4 with no measurable change being observable at the melting point. Since the deuteron spin relaxation is produced by intramolecular quadrupolar interactions, these results are in strong disagreement with the Debye rotational diffusion model often used to describe molecular reorientation. These results have been used to reanalyze the proton T1 data for CH4−nDn previously given by Bloom and Sandhu. The contributions to T1 from intermolecular dipolar interactions were found to be in close agreement with theory. Contributions from the spin–rotation interaction were found to be extremely small or zero in this temperature range. The effects of translational diffusion on the proton and deuteron T1 and T2 just below the melting point are also discussed.
ON THE ELECTROPRODUCTION OF STRANGE PARTICLES ON NUCLEONS
Authors: Orman Bryan A.
Published: April 2011

We discuss the electroproduction of strange particles on nucleons with particular interest in the energy region where the pion–nucleon resonances are dominant. By using the method of Blankenbecler and Gartenhaus (1959), formulae are derived for solving the problems in this region. Differential cross sections of the order of 10−39 cm2/MeV are obtained.
γ–γ ANGULAR CORRELATION MEASUREMENTS OF THERMAL-NEUTRON-CAPTURE γ RAYS IN 53Cr AND 54Cr
Authors: Bartholomew G. A. , Gunye M. R.
Published: April 2011

Coincidence and angular correlation measurements have been made on γ rays following thermal-neutron capture in separated targets of 52Cr and 53Cr. The following spin assignments are made in 53Cr: 0.563-, 2.32-, 2.71-, and 3.62-MeV levels, 1/2, 3/2, 1/2, and (3/2) respectively, and in 54Cr: 2.63-, 2.84-, 3.08-, 3.73-, 4.91-, and 5.30-MeV levels, 2,(0)2, 2, 1 or 2, 1 or 2, and 1, 2, or 3 respectively. Details of the decay schemes, branching ratios, and γ-ray multipole mixtures are given also.
PARTICLE MOTIONS IN SHEARED SUSPENSIONS: XVI. ORIENTATIONS OF RODS AND DISKS IN HYPERBOLIC AND OTHER FLOWS
Authors: Chaffey C. E. , Takano M. , Mason S. G.
Published: April 2011

The angular velocity of a body of revolution suspended in a viscous fluid undergoing slow arbitrary shear flow is given. Integrated equations are derived for the orientation of its axis, directly in terms of the vorticity and dilatation components, for any flow in which the vorticity is parallel to a principal axis of dilatation; these are analogous to the equations for motion of a spheroid in Couette flow with an electric field parallel or perpendicular to the vorticity. The flows considered include examples of hyperbolic–parabolic, elliptic–spiral, and hyperbolic–logarithmic flows in three dimensions, as well as all two-dimensional shear flows.The behavior of certain bodies of revolution that remain stationary in Couette flow is discussed. Translational orbits of asymmetric bodies of revolution in Couette flow are calculated.The behavior of particles in some important shear flows is described, the theory of rotation in hyperbolic flow being developed in detail and confirmed experimentally with rods and disks. Comparison of equivalent ellipsoidal axis ratios obtained from Couette-flow and hyperbolic-flow measurements shows that the former are more accurate if the particle deviates greatly from the spherical shape.
THE CRYSTAL DYNAMICS OF URANIUM DIOXIDE
Authors: Dolling G. , Cowley R. A. , Woods A. D. B.
Published: April 2011

The frequency/wave-vector dispersion relation for normal modes of vibration propagating along the [00ζ], [ζζ0], and [ζζζ] directions in uranium dioxide at 296 °K has been determined by studying the coherent one-phonon scattering of slow neutrons from a single-crystal specimen. Analysis of the results shows that a simple rigid-ion model of the crystal with axially symmetric forces between near-neighbor ions can provide qualitative agreement with experiment. A more complicated model, in which the ionic polarizabilities are taken into account, is needed to obtain quantitative agreement with the dispersion curves and with the known dielectric properties. Such a model provides an interpolation formula for computing the frequency distribution function and other related quantities, such as the Debye–Waller factors and lattice specific heat. Information concerning the anisotropy of the Debye–Waller factor for the oxygen ions and the configuration of the "magnetic" electrons in UO2 is derived by comparing these calculations with the appropriate experimental data. The optic-mode frequencies and dielectric constants of UO2 are shown to satisfy the Lyddane, Sachs, and Teller relation. The slopes of the acoustic-mode branches at small wave vectors are consistent with independently measured elastic constants.
PARALLACTIC HEIGHT FINDING FOR ROCKET RESEARCH
Authors: Koenig H. J. , Brandy J. H.
Published: April 2011

General criteria for the choice of equipment and location of stations for parallactic height finding are discussed and a specific system using K-24 cameras is described. The feature of the system is that the cameras are mounted in such a way that accurately reproducible azimuths and elevations are assured, and consequently predetermined coordinate grids may be used for simple and rapid analysis of picture pairs. A method for constructing these grids is outlined. The construction as well as the subsequent analysis of data can be carried out by relatively unskilled help. The experimental accuracy varies with the requirements and setup of the system, but for the general case of aurora at about 100 km the error with reasonable parallax is of the order of ± 1 km. In favorable cases, such as with well-defined flashbulb or grenade explosions, the accuracy at a height of 100 km approaches ± 500 m.
APPROXIMATE FORMULAS FOR THE INTENSITY AND ASYMMETRY OF THE HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON BEAM AFTER TWO SCATTERINGS IN THE HARTREE-FOCK FIELD
Authors: Tietz T. , Su L. S.
Published: April 2011

In this paper, by using accurate approximations for the Hartree–Fock field as well as the Dirac equations and the second Born approximation, we have derived analytical expressions for the intensity and asymmetry of a high-energy electron beam after two scatterings.
NEW INFORMATION ON THE EMISSION OF DELAYED PROTONS FOLLOWING THE DECAY OF 17Ne, 21Mg, AND 25Si
Authors: Hardy J. C. , Bell R. E.
Published: April 2011

The spectrum of delayed protons from the decay of 17Ne has been extended up to 8 MeV; an additional peak corresponding to the decay of a level at (7.99 ± 0.05) MeV in 17F was found. The delayed-proton spectrum observed following 80-MeV proton bombardment of magnesium and sodium targets, previously attributed solely to the decay of 21Mg, has been shown to contain components due to the decay of 17Ne. The lifetime of 21Mg was remeasured to be (121 ± 5) msec. The contribution of other decays was shown to be small compared with that of 25Si in the delayed-proton spectrum observed following bombardment of aluminium and silicon targets at 80 MeV.
PHOTOIONIZATION AND ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS OF CO IN THE 600 TO 1 000 Å REGION
Authors: Cook G. R. , Metzger P. H. , Ogawa M.
Published: April 2011

Absolute photoionization and absorption coefficients of CO have been measured in the 600 to 1 000 Å region using a 1-meter Seya-Namioka scanning vacuum ultraviolet monochromator. The Hopfield helium continuum background source was used with photoelectric detection of the dispersed light. Numerous peaks were observed at wavelengths that were found to agree well with those of a higher-resolution photographic absorption spectrum. Two well-defined ionization continua followed the first and second ionization potential. Continua due to dissociation were also observed. Efficiencies for preionization of the progressions and Rydberg bands of the sharp and of the diffuse series converging to the B2Σ+ state were estimated. Total fluorescence emission associated with the A2Π state of CO+ was measured, and the onset was found to contain vibrational structure.
ON THE APPLICATION OF PLASMA KINETIC THEORY TO IONIC SOUND-WAVE EXPERIMENTS IN MAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Haggerty M. J.
Published: April 2011

The kinetic theoretical results for a homogeneous plasma in a uniform magnetic field are discussed qualitatively. The role of the mean cyclotron radius as a natural long-range cutoff is clarified. A relationship between a critical frequency for ionic sound waves and the magnetic-field intensity is predicted.
STATISTICAL MECHANICS OF CERTAIN HYDRODYNAMIC DISPERSION PHENOMENA
Authors: Chaudhari Narayan M. , Scheidegger Adrian E.
Published: April 2011

This paper explores the extent of an analogy postulated earlier between the usual energy-based statistical mechanics and mass-dispersion phenomena. It is shown that in the equilibrium case the interaction function as used in the energy-based statistical mechanics of solids or weakly coupled gases entails a corresponding result in mass-dispersion systems. Examples of specific transport equations are calculated. The analogy can also be extended to irreversible thermodynamics. It is shown that Ziegler's generalized Onsager relations entail corresponding results in the case of mass dispersion.It is shown that an approach based on the theory of Markov processes can also be used for the description of mass-based statistical mechanics. The conditions necessary for the maintenance of canonical invariance are indicated. Applications of the above theory to hydrological problems are indicated.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE MÖSSBAUER EFFECT TO MEASURE CROSS RELAXATION OF 57Co COUPLED TO AN UNPAIRED ELECTRON SPIN
Authors: Misra Sushil K. , Daniels J. M.
Published: April 2011

A parameter R(v), relevant to velocity-sensitive Mössbauer spectroscopy, has been computed for the case where the orientation of 57Co nuclei is produced dynamically by the Overhauser effect. This particular pumping scheme for producing nuclear orientation brings out two features. (1) It allows the determination of η, the ratio of flip-flop to flip-flip thermal relaxations, by an experimental measurement of R(v), since the theoretical expressions for R(v) are found to be quite sensitive to the value of η. A numerical evaluation for three cases of overlap between absorber and emitter lines indicates wide variation in R(v) for increasing values of η from 10−7 to 107: for case (a), R(v) increases monotonically from 8.5 × 10−7 to 1.07 × 106 when emission line 3/2 → 1/2 overlaps absorption line −1/2 → −3/2; for case (b), R(v) decreases monotonically from 1.34 × 1014 to 8.91 × 10−5 when emission line −1/2 → 1/2 overlaps absorption line −1/2 → 1/2; and for case (c), R(v) decreases monotonically from 1.62 × 102 to 6.14 × 10−3 when source lines −1/2 → −1/2, 1/2 → −1/2, 1/2 → 1/2, and 3/2 → 1/2 overlap absorber lines −1/2 → −3/2, −1/2 → 1/2, 1/2 → −1/2, and 1/2 → 1/2 respectively. (2) Since these R(v)'s are found to be much different from those that would be achieved through a pumping scheme using the Jeffries–Abragam effect, the possibility of using the Mössbauer effect to distinguish between the various ways of producing the nuclear orientation is suggested.
HARTREE–FOCK WAVE FUNCTIONS FOR EXCITED STATES: THE 2 1S STATE OF HELIUM
Authors: Cohen Maurice , Kelly Paul S.
Published: April 2011

Hartree–Fock wave functions for the first-excited singlet states of several members of the helium isoelectronic sequence have been calculated. It is shown that unphysically low energies result if the excited-state function is not constrained to be orthogonal to the ground-state eigenfunction, and the excited-state orbitals are chosen orthogonal.If the excited-state orbitals are not chosen orthogonal, the effect of the overall constraint is small, raising the total energy very slightly; however, the effect of imposing both constraints simultaneously is appreciable. It is concluded that the most satisfactory approximation involves nonorthogonal excited-state orbitals, together with an overall orthogonality constraint towards the ground state.
ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS ON HETEROGENEOUS SURFACES AT VERY LOW PRESSURES
Authors: Hobson J. P.
Published: April 2011

A method previously described for finding heterogeneous energy distributions ƒ(E) from physical adsorption isotherms is applied to experimental data for argon, nitrogen, and helium obtained in an ultrahigh vacuum apparatus in the pressure range [Formula: see text] Torr. The adsorbent was Pyrex and matching temperatures were 77.4, 90.2, and 4.2 °K for the three gases respectively. ƒ(E) was found to be asymmetric about a maximum energy whose location depended critically upon the magnitude of assumed adsorbate–adsorbate interaction (Q). However, the isotherms calculated at temperatures other than the matching temperature were insensitive to Q, and hence to the detailed form of the local isotherm. These calculated isotherms showed excellent agreement, not only with the data on Pyrex, but also with the data of several workers using various adsorbents and temperatures. The latter result suggests a similar adsorbing surface for all these adsorbents.
VARIATION OF THE RAMAN SPECTRUM OF SOLID HYDROGEN WITH ORTHO–PARA RATIO
Authors: Soots V. , Allin Elizabeth J. , Welsh H. L.
Published: April 2011

The frequencies and shapes of the vibrational Raman lines, Q1(0) and Q1(1), of solid hydrogen at 2.1 °K have been studied for a series of ortho–para ratios, co/cp. In the concentration range 0.75 > co > 0.20 and 1.0 > cp > 0.25, each Q line has a single maximum, and can be interpreted in terms of traveling vibrational excitations. For co < 0.20 the Q1(1) line splits into a band of closely spaced lines; at these low concentrations traveling ortho excitations apparently cannot be sustained, and the components of the Q1(1) line represent various nearest-neighbor couplings of ortho molecules. Some observations on the S1(0) line were also made.
THE CORRELATION OF THE SYMMETRY CLASSIFICATIONS OF STATES OF NONRIGID MOLECULES
Authors: Watson James K. G.
Published: April 2011

The rovibronic and vibronic energy levels of some nonrigid molecules occur in nearly degenerate sets, whose splitting is due to tunneling between symmetrically equivalent regions of vibrational phase space. When the splitting is negligible, it is convenient to classify the different sets of energy levels according to a symmetry group that is determined by any one of the symmetrically equivalent regions, whereas when the splitting is appreciable, the individual split levels can be classified further according to a larger group that is determined in a similar way by a region containing all these equivalent regions. The former group is a subgroup of the latter.A simple correlation rule is proved, by means of which the symmetry species (in the larger group) of the individual split levels can be obtained from the symmetry species (in the smaller group) of the nearly degenerate set of levels. Some examples of the application of this rule to rovibronic and vibronic species are given.
GORKOV'S ANSATZ IN SUPERCONDUCTIVITY THEORY
Authors: Coleman A. J. , Pruski S.
Published: April 2011

By means of Green's functions methods, Gorkov derived the BCS theory on the basis of the Ansatz that the correlation part of the second-order Green's function could be factored in the form χχ* where χ is a two-particle function closely related to the Ginzburg–Landau order-parameter. Since the density matrix is an initial value of a Green's function, Gorkov's Ansatz is equivalent to an assumption about the 2-matrix. The present paper considers circumstances in which the Gorkov Ansatz is exactly satisfied by a system of a definite number of fermions.
GAMMA-RAY TRANSITIONS IN 15O AND 15N
Authors: Alexander T. K. , Litherland A. E. , Broude C.
Published: April 2011

The gamma rays from the first two excited states of 15O and 15N populated by the 14N + d, T(16O, αγ)15N, and 16O(3He, αγ)15O reactions have been observed with a Ge(Li) spectrometer. The measured energy separations are 50 ± 5 keV for the 15O doublet and 28.5 ± 3 keV for the 15N doublet. The difference between the 5.24-MeV gamma ray from 15O and the 5.27-MeV gamma ray from 15N is 29 ± 1 keV. From Doppler-shift and broadening measurements of the energies of the gamma rays from the T(16O, αγ)15N and 16O(3He, αγ)15O reactions, information on the mean lifetimes of the states was obtained. The mean lifetimes of the 5.30-and 5.27-MeV states of 15N are 4.3 ± 1.8 × 10−14 sec and > 10−12 sec respectively. The mean lifetimes of the 5.19- and 5.24-MeV states of 15O are < 3 × 10−13 sec and > 10−12 sec respectively.
OPTICAL FARADAY ROTATION STUDIES OF PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE AND RELAXATION IN PRASEODYMIUM ETHYLSULPHATE
Authors: Griffiths David J. , Glättli Hans
Published: April 2011

The technique of detecting electron paramagnetic resonance and measuring paramagnetic relaxation times at liquid-helium temperatures by the magneto-optical Faraday rotation has been applied to the even number (4f2) electron system of Pr3+ in praseodymium ethylsulphate (PrES). The EPR spectrum (X band) of undiluted PrES at 1.37 °K is a broad band extending over several kilo-gauss with no evidence of hyperfine structure. The band intensity decreases at [Formula: see text] and covers [Formula: see text] from its maximum to half-power point. The absence of any hyperfine structure indicates that crystal-field distortion is the main source of line broadening.The relaxation times measured as a function of temperature over the range 1.40 to 2.18 °K and at 4.22 °K range from 0.1 to 10 msec. For [Formula: see text], τ decreases from 0.40 to 0.15 msec, is proportional to T−(3.5 ± 0.6), and is considered to be the phonon–bath relaxation time. Values of τ show a scatter within 0.20 ± 0.02 msec for [Formula: see text]. Near the λ point [Formula: see text], τ exhibits a very rapid increase, having a value of 0.20 msec at 2.155 °K and 0.85 msec at 2.165 °K. This behavior appears to be related to the energy exchange between the crystal and liquid-helium bath. Measurements of τ at 2.18 °K and 4.22 °K indicate that the rate at which the spin–phonon system returns to initial thermal equilibrium is governed by the thermal conductivity of the liquid-helium bath.
THE CONDITION OF THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE BASED ON THE ELECTRON DENSITY PROFILES OF THE F REGION
Authors: Matuura Nobuo
Published: April 2011

The upper atmospheric parameters that control the daytime electron density distributions in the F1 region have been determined with the use of N(h) profiles. The analysis is based on the photochemical equilibrium state in which ion production is given by the ionization of molecular nitrogen and/or molecular oxygen as well as of atomic oxygen, and ionization loss is controlled by charge transfer and dissociative recombination processes. The variations of the upper atmospheric parameters with season, solar activity, and magnetic disturbances have been obtained, and their relations to the behavior of the F1 and F2 layers have been examined.
RADIATION FROM A CURRENT STRIP IN A UNIAXIALLY ANISOTROPIC PLASMA MEDIUM
Authors: Seshadri S. R.
Published: April 2011

The radiation resistance of a linear current strip of finite width immersed in a uniaxially anisotropic plasma medium is evaluated for the case in which the width of the strip is parallel to the direction of the magnetostatic field. The current on the strip is assumed to be directed along the length of the strip and hence is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetostatic field. It is assumed also that the current is constant along the width of the strip but has a triangular variation along its length. Meaningful values for the radiation resistance are obtained for all frequencies, especially for frequencies below the plasma frequency. The dependence of the radiation resistance on the frequency and the length of the strip is examined.
KINETIC EQUATION FOR A PLASMA IN A STRONG STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Sundaresan M. K.
Published: April 2011

The present work represents a significant improvement on our earlier work dealing with the formulation of a kinetic equation for a plasma in a "strong" static magnetic field B. Here without making any assumptions concerning the isotropy of the one- and two-particle distribution functions in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field, a kinetic equation is derived in which the collision term is valid to all orders in 1/B and takes complete account of the effect of the strong magnetic field on the collisions.
INCONSISTENCY OF THE LOCAL FIELD THEORY OF MASSIVE SPIN-TWO PARTICLES
Authors: Adler David
Published: April 2011

It is shown that the field theory of spin-2 particles, generated by the Lagrange function which reduces to that of linearized gravitational field theory in the limit of zero mass, is inconsistent.
MÉTHODE GÉNÉRALISÉE DE VARIATION. I
Authors: Fraga Serafín
Published: April 2011

not available
THE INDUCED INFRARED ABSORPTION SPECTRUM OF SOLID DEUTERIUM AND SOLID HYDROGEN DEUTERIDE
Authors: Crane A. , Gush H. P.
Published: April 2011

The fundamental absorption bands of deuterium and hydrogen deuteride have been observed in the solid at a temperature of 1.9 °K. Features are observed that correspond to rotation–vibration transitions in single molecules, in pairs of molecules, and to molecular transitions accompanied by the creation of phonons. Several features were observed in the HD spectrum that arise from the fact that HD is heteronuclear; one of these was a sharp absorption line due to ΔJ = 1 transitions in single molecules. In addition, an unusual split-phonon branch was observed with a minimum of zero absorption a few wave numbers below the frequency of the ΔJ = 1 transition. This split-phonon feature is apparently a result of strong interaction between the rotation of the molecule and its translational motion in the lattice. The spectrum of a solid mixture of 10% HD and 90% H2 was also studied. The phonon branch accompanying the Q1(0) line of HD and the phonon branch accompanying the Q1(0) line of H2 observed in the same crystal have a very different shape, the former exhibiting a distinct minimum as for pure HD.
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION FROM AN ACOUSTIC POINT SOURCE WITHIN A COMPRESSIBLE PLASMA BUBBLE
Authors: Wait James R.
Published: April 2011

A solution is presented for the boundary-value problem of an acoustic point-source antenna within a homogeneous compressible plasma region with an assumed rigid boundary. The small signal theory of plasma electrodynamics is employed and all damping mechanisms are neglected. It is shown that a fraction of the original acoustic power is converted into electromagnetic waves in the external free-space region.
THE SPIN HAMILTONIAN AND INTENSITIES OF THE ESR SPECTRA ORIGINATING FROM LARGE ZERO-FIELD EFFECTS ON 6S STATES
Authors: Holuj F.
Published: April 2011

By considering the Zeeman term small in relation to crystalline field terms of the spin Hamiltonian,[Formula: see text]an expression for transitions between the energy levels of the resulting Kramers doublets has been derived. Graphs of the resulting parameters are presented as functions of the crystalline field. The relative intensities of transitions are also considered fully.
ON A CERTAIN NONLOCAL POTENTIAL
Authors: Cruz V. de la , Orman B. A. , Razavy M.
Published: April 2011

A solvable example of a class of nonlocal potentials, whose kernels are related to Green's functions of second-order differential equations, is examined. This solvable example is applied to a few standard problems and, in particular, acceptable numerical results are obtained for p–p scattering in the 1S state.
ROTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF FOUR BANDS OF THE A–X SYSTEM OF BiO IN THE NEAR ULTRAVIOLET
Authors: Babu Y. K. Sarat Chandra , Rao P. Tiruvenganna
Published: April 2011

A rotational analysis of the four bands (0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3), and (0, 4) of the near ultraviolet system of BiO in the region λ 3 860–λ 3 130 Å has been carried out. The bands have been excited in a high-frequency discharge and photographed in the first order of a 21-ft concave-grating spectrograph (30 000 lines per inch) with a dispersion of 1.25 Å/mm. The analysis has shown that the bands arise from a case (c) 1/2(2Π1/2)–1/2(2II1/2) transition. The rotational constants of the upper and lower states have been determined.
SENSITIZED FLUORESCENCE IN VAPORS OF ALKALI METALS: VII. ENERGY TRANSFER IN RUBIDIUM–CESIUM COLLISIONS
Authors: Czajkowski M. , McGillis D. A. , Krause L.
Published: April 2011

Sensitized fluorescence in cesium vapor induced by collisions with excited rubidium atoms was investigated in order to determine the total cross sections for inelastic collisions between excited rubidium atoms and cesium atoms in their ground states. The partial pressure of the rubidium vapor in the Rb–Cs mixture was kept below 2 × 10−5 mm Hg in order to eliminate effects due to the trapping of the Rb resonance radiation. The collision cross sections for the various excitation transfer processes are as follows: Q12′(Rb 5 2P1/2 → Cs 6 2P3/2) = 1.5 Å2; Q11′(Rb 5 2P1/2 → Cs 6 2P1/2) = 0.5 Å2; Q22′(Rb 5 2P3/2 → Cs 6 2P3/2) = 0.9 Å2; Q21′(Rb 5 2P3/2 → Cs 6 2P1/2) = 0.3 Å2. The fact that the cross sections are considerably smaller than those for collisions between similar atoms indicates that the Rb–Cs interactions probably involve van der Waals' forces with a much shorter range than exchange forces, which play a dominant role in Rb–Rb or Cs–Cs collisions.
THE THIRD SPECTRUM OF RHODIUM (Rh III)
Authors: Iglesias Laura
Published: April 2011

The description of the Rh III spectrum has been extended and a new study of its electronic structure has been made. As a result of this investigation a previous analysis has been corrected and 154 new energy levels from the electronic configurations 4d7, 4d65s, and 4d65p have been determined. These are in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
FREQUENCY VARIATION IN IONOSPHERIC CYCLOTRON HARMONIC SERIES OBTAINED BY THE ALOUETTE I SATELLITE
Authors: Barrington R. E. , Herzberg Luise
Published: April 2011

Ionograms produced by the Alouette I topside sounder frequently show well-developed series of cyclotron harmonics. Their frequencies have been determined from A (amplitude) scans with an accuracy of ~0.02 Mc/s for the sweep range of 1 to 6 Mc/s. In all cases examined, the frequencies of all of the members of the harmonic series are, within the experimental accuracy, integral multiples of the cyclotron frequency derived from the best present estimates of the earth's magnetic field strength at the satellite height. This result is discussed in the light of recent laboratory results and theoretical studies.
THE THERMAL-NEUTRON FISSION YIELDS OF 229Th
Authors: Harvey J. W. , Clarke W. B. , Thode H. G. , Tomlinson R. H.
Published: April 2011

The relative cumulative yields for isotopes of the elements krypton, strontium, xenon, cesium, cerium, and neodymium formed in the thermal-neutron fission of 229Th have been determined by mass spectrometric techniques. Normalization of the relative yields by means of the isotope dilution and isobaric techniques has allowed estimates to be made of the absolute cumulative yields of the heavy-mass group by forcing the sum of the yields to total 100%.
EXCITED STATES OF 11C FROM n–γ ANGULAR CORRELATK AND GAMMA BRANCHING RATIOS
Authors: Rupaal A. S. , White B. L. , Prescott J. R.
Published: April 2011

An experimental study of excited states of 11C below 6.5 MeV has been made using the 10B (d, nγ)11C reaction at a deuteron bombarding energy of 0.8 MeV. Measurements were made of the n–γ angular correlations of the ground-state gamma transitions from the 6.49- and 4.32-MeV levels, and of the gamma-ray branching ratios from the 6.49-, 4.81-, and 4.32-MeV levels.Theoretical analysis of the n–γ angular correlations suggests that the J values of the 6.49- and 4.32-MeV levels are (3/2), (5/2), or (7/2). The parities of all the states observed in this experiment are already known to be negative from high-energy stripping data. A comparison of the experimental branching ratios with theoretical branching ratios predicted by the intermediate coupling shell model is consistent with the following spin and parity assignments in 11C: ground state (3/2)−, 2.00 MeV (1/2)−, 4.32 MeV (5/2)−, 4.81 MeV (3/2)−, and 6.49 MeV (7/2)−.
ON THE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY APPROXIMATION FOR THE NUCLEAR PAIRING INTERACTION
Authors: Goodfellow J. F. , Nogami Y.
Published: April 2011

An alternative formulation of the method developed by Nogami to eliminate the effect of the number fluctuation in the superconductivity approximation for the nuclear pairing interaction is given. The excited states of nonzero seniority are also discussed, where the effects of blocking and number fluctuation should be taken into account simultaneously. This can be done readily by our method. The excitation energies are obtained with good accuracy, as is shown by comparing our results with exact ones for the model of Ni isotopes obtained by Kerman, Lawson, and Macfarlane.
ANOMALOUS PENETRATION OF XENON IN TUNGSTEN CRYSTALS—A DIFFUSION EFFECT
Authors: Davies J. A. , Jespersgåkd P.
Published: April 2011

Experimental evidence is presented to show that the small penetrating component observed in the range distribution of keV projectiles in tungsten single crystals is caused by a diffusion process and not, as previously believed, by a "super-range" phenomenon. We suggest that a few of the injected atoms, probably the most perfectly channeled ones, come to rest interstitially. These interstitial atoms then diffuse rapidly, even at room temperature, until trapped by some defect or impurity atom in the lattice. The concentration of traps required to fit the experimental data is 1015-1016 per cm3. Various factors affecting such an interstitial diffusion mechanism are discussed.
ON THE sp2 CONFIGURATIONS AND CONFIGURATION-MIXING IN THE FIRST SPECTRA OF INDIUM (In I) AND THALLIUM (Tl I)
Authors: Garton W. R. S. , Parkinson W. H. , Reeves E. M.
Published: April 2011

Several aspects of configuration-mixing effects in the spectra of In I and Tl I are discussed, and evidence supporting an earlier conclusion that sp22D in In I lies above the first ionization potential is given. Experiments on the absorption spectra of shock-heated In and Tl vapors have revealed the weak In I [Formula: see text] transition and a new Tl I doublet [Formula: see text]. The profile of the Tl I [Formula: see text] autoionization feature has been obtained by experiments with a furnace and scanning monochromator, and the result is compared with the theory of Beutler–Fano resonances.
THE REFLECTION OF SLOW ELECTRONS BY HYDROGEN-COVERED SINGLE CRYSTALS OF TUNGSTEN
Authors: Armstrong R. A.
Published: April 2011

The fraction of the incident electrons reflected elastically from the (100), (211), (111), and (110) crystal faces of tungsten has been measured m the incident energy range 1–28 eV. The fraction reflected by the (100) and the (211) faces was changed dramatically by hydrogen adsorption. The size of this change and its variation with energy are comparable with the differential scattering of electrons by atomic hydrogen. The fraction reflected by the (111) surface was small and changed only slightly with hydrogen adsorption. No change was observed in the reflection of electrons from the clean (110) surface when it was exposed to hydrogen.The change in work function of the four faces on exposure to hydrogen has also been measured, and has been found to be large and positive for the (100) and the (211) surfaces, small and positive for the (111) face, and zero for the (110) surface.
RELATIVE TRANSITION PROBABILITIES IN NEON
Authors: Irwin J. C. , Nodwell R. A.
Published: April 2011

The relative atomic transition probabilities for the transitions between the 2p53p and 2p53s configurations of NeI have been measured by combining reversal temperature measurements with relative emission line intensity measurements. The relative emission intensities were corrected for self-absorption. The results are compared with those obtained by previous workers.
COOLING AND DETECTABILITY OF NEUTRON STARS
Authors: Tsuruta Sachiko , Cameron A. G. W.
Published: April 2011

Surface properties, temperature effects, cooling behavior, and observability of neutron stars have been studied. For this purpose, the opacity of the surface layers is calculated both for a pure iron and a pure magnesium composition. It is found that the nondegenerate layers are only a few meters thick and in no case exceed 1% of the stellar radius. The star cools mainly through neutrino emission when [Formula: see text], but at lower temperatures the cooling is primarily through electromagnetic radiation. The neutrino cooling mechanisms included were the neutrino plasma process, the URCA process, and the neutrino bremsstrahlung process. The cooling behavior is quite complicated, with the rate of cooling generally depending on mass, nuclear potential, and surface composition, among which the dependence on mass is the most significant. It will be hard to observe low-mass neutron stars because of fast cooling rates. However, medium-and high-mass stars should still have temperatures exceeding about 2 × 106 °K on the surface for times of the order of 103 to 105 years. Hence, it should not be impossible to observe massive neutron stars relatively close to us, if there is no X-ray emission of larger flux coming from the surrounding region.
EFFECT OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD ON RADIATION THROUGH A PLASMA SHEATH
Authors: Seshadri S. R. , Yip G. L.
Published: April 2011

The radiation characteristics of a filament of finite length with a triangular current distribution are investigated for the case in which it is situated along the axis of an infinitely long, axially magnetized column of uniform plasma. In general, the current filament will excite guided waves along the plasma column as well as space waves. The radiation pattern in the far zone and the radiation resistance of the current filament contributed by the space waves are studied as a function of the radius of the plasma column, the operating frequency of the source, the strength of the applied static magnetic field, and the length of the current filament with the current at its center kept constant. In particular, for various frequencies below the plasma frequency and for a particular radius of the plasma column, the radiation pattern and the radiation resistance are presented as a function of the strength of the applied static magnetic field. These results indicate that a significant improvement in the transmission through a plasma sheath can be obtained by a suitable application of a static magnetic field. A brief discussion of the characteristics of the possible guided waves along the plasma column is also included.
LA RÉACTION 23Na(p, γ)24Mg POUR DES PROTONS D'ÉNERGIE INFÉRIEURE À 500 KEV
Authors: L'Ecuyer J. , Lévesque R. J. A.
Published: April 2011

not available
INTERNAL GRAVITY-SHEAR WAVES IN THE TROPOSPHERE: III. PERTURBATION OF SMOKE TRAILS
Authors: Naito Keikichi , Hay D. R.
Published: April 2011

Experimental observations on vertical smoke trails and smoke puffs in the lower troposphere have shown several interesting features of the small-scale structure of the air. The perturbation velocities of wavelengths of several hundred meters have relatively simple contour patterns in the vertical plane. Isolated deformations of the trails occur with small, semicircular motions of the air. The air motion is turbulent at heights below about 300 m, while above this level it is principally laminar. Perturbations of the smoke trails may be attributed either to large eddies or to internal waves, but the theory of internal waves and the experimental observations lend greater support to the internal–wave explanation.
HALL-FIELD ELECTROTRANSPORT OF CARBON AND NITROGEN IN α IRON
Authors: Bibby M. J. , Youdelis W. V.
Published: April 2011

The electrotransport in α iron of the interstitial solutes carbon and nitrogen is investigated in a Hall field using a phase-boundary migration technique. The charges of the solutes are related by the Einstein equation to the shift of the α−γ phase boundary in a diffusion couple as effected by a Hall field. The calculated Hall-field charges, with estimated accuracies of ± 25%, are +4.3 (752 °C) for carbon and +5.7 (736 °C) for nitrogen, and are significantly close to the "metallic" valences of +4 and +5 for carbon and nitrogen respectively. The Hall-field charges are discussed in relation to the "apparent charges" for these solutes obtained in direct electric-field electrotransport investigations (previously reported), where ion-charge carrier collisions significantly affect the results.
A VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE IN RELATIVISTIC MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
Authors: Tam Kwok-Kee
Published: April 2011

The system of equations governing the behavior of an ideal, relativistic charged, fluid are derived by a variational principle, through the introduction of a generalized Clebsch transform. Some simple applications are considered.
THEORY OF MAGNETOPLASMA RESONANCES IN n-TYPE SILICON AND GERMANIUM. II
Authors: Wallace P. R.
Published: April 2011

The collective resonances for propagation perpendicular to the static external magnetic field are discussed, when that field is in simple symmetry directions. It is shown that the resonant frequencies derived in a previous paper for the case of propagation parallel to the field are still distinguishable in the present case, although the character of the modes is altered. In particular, the plasma mode with frequency proportional to the magnetic field becomes a transverse plane wave polarized in the direction of the magnetic field, and so might be observed as a transmission resonance. A hybrid "cutoff" appears below the higher cyclotron resonance frequency. Conditions for observation of the modes are analyzed.