bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZATION OF STUDENT PRESENCE INNOVATION USING BARCODE TO INCREASE DISCIPLINE IN SMPN 2 DLINGO
Authors: Safitri Febri , Hasanah Enung
Published: July 2020

Discipline is the key to educational success. One indicator that shows the level of student discipline in the education process is the level of student participation in school. The presence of students in schools is closely related to achievement. Therefore, schools in Indonesia, continue to strive to achieve high levels. The use of presence by using barcodes is one of the educational innovations that is expected to improve student discipline so that student achievement increases. The purpose of this study is 1) To explore how the process of using presence by using a barcode; 2) discuss 1) how the attendance process is done by using a barcode in increasing student discipline; 2) Knowing the supporting factors of applying the presence of barcode in schools. 3) Knowing the inhibiting factors of the application of barcode barcodes in schools. This type of research is a descriptive study with qualitative. The research subjects were determined based on purposive sampling technique. The research subjects consisted of administrative staff, teachers, and students. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data collected is equipped with interactive deductive data analysis techniques that are collected collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and completing conclusions. The results showed: 1) The process of implementing presence by using a barcode to improve student discipline is done by making a barcode on students, students do a barcode scan on each student, on direct barcode scanning automatically their expected name on the computer, while students who do not enter are written manually according to their description; 2) Supporting factors for the implementation of barcode initiatives in schools is that there is support from parents and all school members, in addition to that there are also infrastructure facilities such as barcode machines and electricity. 3) Inhibiting factors The application of barcodes in schools is a compilation that occurs due to power outages and damage to barcode machines, as well as when barcode guards are not present at school.
THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND LOGISTICAL PROVISION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF URBOTOURISM IN THE CONDITIONS OF OVERTURISM (ON EXAMPLE OF THE "CONCEPT OF TOURISM DECENTRALIZATION " IN CITY OF LVIV)
Authors: Smyrnov Igor
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study. Theoretical substantiation and practical application of geographical and logistical support of urban tourism in the conditions of overtourism on the example of Lviv and the corresponding "Concept of tourism decentralization ".

Research methodology. It is based on geographical and logistical categories in relation to urban tourism in the conditions of overtourism, in particular these are indicators of capacity of tourist destination, its resource potential and potential of hotel-restaurant and transport infrastructure, as well as reflection of regional (geographical) features of tourism processes, in particular tourist decentralization, concentration and dispersion.

Results of the research. The theoretical concept presented in the article has been practically tested in the practice of tourism in Lviv, in particular on the example of "Concepts of tourism decentralization ". Proposals for optimization and improvement of geospatial organization of tourism in Lviv included: a) vertical and horizontal diversification of tourist flows in the city center, solving the problem of tourist waste, limiting the cases of intim tourism in favor of conference and blogger tourism, finally strengthening the requirements of tourists safety in particular in the areas of their accommodation, food and entertainment. Some of these proposals have already been taken into account in the tourism management of Lviv, so, in 2019, the post of Deputy Mayor for Security was introduced.

Scientific novelty. For the first time in Ukraine the phenomenon of overtourism and its impact on urban tourism with the use of logistic and geographical approaches is considered. For the first time the problems of overtourism in the conditions of cities have been identified and the ways of solving this problem on example of Lviv are considered.

Practical importance. Theoretical provisions have been applied to solve practical problems of development of tourism industry of big city in conditions of sharp increase of tourists number, as, for example, in Lviv, and a number of practical measures have been proposed to reduce the negative effects of overtourism, in particular the excessive concentration of tourists in the central part of the city, increasing volume of waste, occurrence of intimate tourism, exacerbation of tourist safety problems, etc. Accordingly, it is proposed to expand the tourist territory of the city due to the vertical and horizontal diversification of tourist flows, a diversified approach to determining business tax depending on its location in the city center or on the periphery ("garbage tax"), the development of conference and blogger tourism, increased attention and control of tourist security problems especially in spheres of food, accommodation, transportation, entertainment and more.
A Source of Our Strength
Authors: Millot Nicholas
Published: July 2020

Eighteen years after the first American drone strike, the US drone program now operates in a record-setting number of countries across the Middle East and Africa. This paper examines the Obama administration’s expansion of the US drone program through the lens of Ontological Security Theory, wherein states fulfill their need for security as a sense of being by engaging in uncertainty-reducing and identity-building international relationships, including dilemmatic conflicts. This paper argues that President Obama and his administration failed to adequately address the drone program’s domestic, constitutional, and international legal brokenness due to an ontological attachment to the morality behind the conduct of drone operations. In their public statements, administration officials rationalized the program as a medical tool eliminating “the cancerous tumor called an al Qaida terrorist” and presented drones as a morally superior alternative to the use of torture and of indefinite detention in Guantanamo Bay. As such, the Obama-era drone program existed both as an uncertainty reduction routine vis a vis the dilemmatic conflict of terrorism, as well as a reflexive, identity-building international relationship that established the program as a key element of the ‘forever war’ against al-Qaeda and set the stage for Trump-era program expansion. As this expansion proceeds, the program will only become further at odds with America’s long-term rational interests.
The Destruction of Mali's Cultural Heritage
Authors: Colton Fionndwyfar
Published: July 2020

In Mali, and throughout West Africa, ongoing illicit trafficking movements and violent conflicts have necessitated a call for new protective measures and policies to protect cultural heritage. Traditional strategies of customs regulation and restriction on the antiquities market have been previously based on economic and legal issues enmeshed in trafficking networks and transnational crime processes. However, these do not reflect the realities of Malian daily life, nor do they go beyond the onedimensional stance framing the actions of looters and traffickers as a facet of these processes. What is ignored are the underlying motivations for looting and illicit antiquities trafficking and how these motivations are affected by, and enacted through, the ever shifting socio-political climate that has been Mali’s system of government since its independence from the French Sudan in 1960. This paper explores the realities of looting throughout Mali, ongoing debates concerning the representation of Malian antiquities in the transnational art trade, and the ways in which both national and international bodies have attempted to thwart ongoing heritage destruction.
Avant-Propos/Foreword
Authors: Ashton Natalie , Bekenn Clare
Published: July 2020

Avant-Propos
Páramos y La foto del invernadero de Reina María Rodríguez: la formación de un sujeto individual y colectivo
Authors: Janzen Rebecca
Published: July 2020

Este artículo analiza dos colecciones de poesía, Páramos (1995) y La foto del invernadero (1998), de la poeta cubana Reina María Rodríguez. Se enfoca en la formación de la subjetividad de la voz poética, un proceso que se lee a través del pensamiento de Julia Kristeva. A través de tal desarrollo, se sostiene que la voz poética forma conexiones con otros personajes en su poesía; es más, se nota que estos procesos poéticos se asemejan a las comunidades creadas por la poeta misma. El artículo propone que, en esta comunidad, la voz poética juzga su contexto, la ciudad de la Habana en los 90s, “el Período Especial en tiempos de paz”.
The Modern Times of José Rivas Panedas’s Ultraísmo
Authors: Ludington Zachary Rockwell
Published: July 2020

This essay studies select poems by the Spanish ultraísta José Rivas Panedas to offer a new perspective on the avant-garde and its raison d’être. Though the rural elements in some of Rivas’s texts might seem foreign to the most radical avant-garde’s technophilic renewal project, I argue that Rivas’s fascination with both the cosmopolitan café and with roosters at daybreak is evidence of the avant-garde’s constitutive paradox, a temporal paradox. In doing so, I defend a renewed practice of close reading with reference to recent critics of the methodology of literary studies like Franco Moretti and Rita Felski.
DeLillos White Noise Postmodern Effects of Cyber Culture on Youths
Authors: Prasad Adhikary Dr. Ramesh
Published: July 2020

This research paper is focused on how DeLillo’s novel White Noise posits the effects of Cyber culture over the youths because of their all-embracing engagement. The Fiction is about the admixture of the media and popular culture. Different aspects of consumer culture are presented throughout the novel.  None of the characters likes to develop passion for true knowledge. They no longer like to take the trouble to know the reality. Individuals are taken as fragile units. In the lives of Gladney, Babette, Bee and other children of Murray, digitally produced reality count a lot. To come out of his barren mercantile practices like digital mode of communication and encoding business codes, the main character develops fantasies. As a qualitative research, the researcher has used library and internet as the sources for it. The concept of postmodernism along with cyber culture has been used as the tool to interpret and analyze the fiction
La Regulación del Comportamiento de los Adolescentes Desde la Labor Docente
Authors: Paz Domínguez Irela , Aranda Cintra Belkis , Gámez Rodríguez Eulogio
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se presenta una perspectiva formativa, sustentada en un enfoque que potencia la comprensión del sujeto y su espiritualidad como núcleo del acto educativo. La formación reflexiva, se constituye en tarea clave que favorece comportamientos activos y positivos en los adolescentes según el nivel educativo en que se insertan. La concepción y desarrollo de un proceso formativo que enfatice en la función orientadora del maestro, y que integre lo afectivo y lo cognitivo en la formación, es el eje estructurador de este enfoque dinámico que se propone para la regulación del comportamiento de los estudiantes, en correspondencia con los enfoques y objetivos de nuestro sistema social y las exigencias del mundo actual.
Hongos formadores de micorriza arbuscular asociados a plantaciones de Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb. (balsa) en el Trópico Húmedo Ecuatoriano
Authors: Belezaca Pinargote Carlos , Calle Gill Diana , Prieto Benavides Oscar , López Tobar Rolando , Solano Apuntes Edison , Meza Bone Fabricio
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer los géneros de hongos formadores de micorriza arbuscular (HMA) asociados a árboles de Ochroma pyramidale (balsa) en plantaciones y su grado de infección radicular. Se estudiaron seis plantaciones de 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.5 y 7 años de edad ubicadas en la zona central del Trópico Húmedo Ecuatoriano (THE), en cada una de ellas se delimitaron tres parcelas de 500 m2. En cada parcela se colectaron 3 muestras de suelo (aproximadamente 1 kg), y raicillas a una profundidad entre 0 – 15 cm para determinar el porcentaje de colonización micorrízica. El aislamiento e identificación de los HMA a nivel de género y la estimación de colonización micorrizica se realizó mediante la metodología de tamizado, decantación en húmedo con centrifugación, y despigmentación – tinción de raíces. Se aislaron e identificaron cuatro géneros de HMA: Glomus, Acaulospora, Scutellospora, y Gigaspora, no obstante, predominó el género Glomus en el suelo de todas las plantaciones estudiadas con poblaciones que estuvieron entre 27 y 169 esporas por 100 gamos de suelo seco, siendo la plantación de 4 años donde se encontró la mayor población, mientras que los demás géneros mostraron baja representatividad en todas las edades. Se detectó baja colonización micorrízica radicular en las plantaciones de balsa estudiadas, con rangos de 0.28% a 0.65%, porcentajes de colonización menores a los reportados para otras especies leñosas del THE.
Valoración económica del recurso hídrico de la microcuenca Quillusara en el cantón Celica- Ecuador
Authors: Bravo-Benavides Diana , Jaramillo Romeo , Encalada Diana
Published: July 2020

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo valorar económicamente el recurso hídrico que provee la Microcuenca Quillusara en Celica-Ecuador e identificar los determinantes de la disposición a pagar (DAP) para la conservación del recurso. Para ello se utilizó el método de valoración contingente y un modelo econométrico LOGIT. La obtención de la información se realizó a través de una encuesta aplicada a 374 usuarios del servicio de agua de la ciudad. Se encontró que el 78.6% de la población encuestada está dispuesta a pagar por la conservación de las fuentes de agua. Además, el estudio reveló una DAP de 0.92 USD/mes, este valor representa un importante insumo para orientar las decisiones de política pública sobre el cuidado y protección de las fuentes de agua en el cantón
Farklı Konumsal Çözünürlüğe Sahip Uydu Görüntüleri Kullanarak CORINE Arazi Örtüsü/Arazi Kullanım Sınıflarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: KAYA Nursaç Serda , DEMİRAĞ TURAN İnci , DENGİZ Orhan , SAYGIN Fikret
Published: July 2020

Arazi örtüsü/kullanımı sınıflarının mevcut konumsal dağılımlarının belirlenmesi ve süreç içerisinde meydana gelen değişimlerinin incelenmesi ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel birçok alanda gerçekleştirilen çalışmalar için önemli bir temel oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle, arazi örtüsü/arazi kullanımı hakkındaki bilgilerin kendi içlerinde tutarlı olabilmesi için sistematik bir şekilde sınıflandırılması ve belli standartlarda üretilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma ile Samsun ili Vezirköprü (Türkiye) ilçesine ait 11251 hektar büyüklüğünde bir alanın ait Landsat 8, Sentinel 2 ve Triplesat uydu görüntülerinden CORINE arazi kullanım/arazi örtü sınıflamasının birinci ve ikinci düzeylerinde dağılım haritalarının oluşturulması ve yer gerçekleri ile karşılaştırmalarının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, çalışma alanına ait tüm uydu görüntülerinde en yaygın dağılım gösteren sınıfın tarım alanları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sınıflama hassaslığı bakımından Sentinel ve Triplesat uydu görüntülerine ait kappa değerleri (% 92.95 ve % 93.11) benzer hassasiyette oranlanırken, Landsat uydu görüntüsünde bu değerin % 83’e düştüğü belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca yaklaşık 34 yıllık süreç içerisinde gerek tarım alanlarından gerekse de orman alanlarından bir kısmı yapay alanlara kaydığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucu arazi örtüsü/kullanımının izlenmesinde elde edilen güvenilir sonuçlar ile uydu görüntülerinin geniş alanları, kısa zaman periyodlarında ve yüksek çözünürlüklü olarak gözlemleme kabiliyetlerinden faydalanılabileceği önerilmiştir.
The effect of pillen seed storage time and application of humic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Authors: Fadilah Yogi Farid , U Usmadi
Published: July 2020

Tobacco is one of the seeds that can be stored for a specified period. Seed storage is one of the ways in maintaining the viability of the seeds to meet the needs of the next planting period. Pillen seed technology has developed where in addition to increasing the size of seeds can improve the quality of seeds. Kaolin in pillen has an Al content which is suspected if absorbed by plants will inhibit the growth of tobacco seeds. Giving humic acid is expected to be able to play a role in binding Al so that the level of Al content in the soil can be lowered so as not to cause toxins to plants. This study aimed to determine the effect of pillen seed storage and the application of humic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings. This study used the factorial of complete randomized design (RAL) 2 × 3. The first factor of the concentration of humic acid consisted of without humic acid 0 ml / l and liquid humic acid 6 ml/l. The second factor for the shelf life of the top seeds is 3, 8, and 13 years. Humic acid concentration of 6 ml could support the growth of the tobacco seedlings.
Evidências da origem e ascensão dos dinossauros sauropodomorfos preservadas em leitos fossilíferos do Triássico do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Müller Rodrigo Temp , Garcia Maurício Silva , Silva Sérgio Dias da
Published: July 2020

Embora o grupo dos dinossauros sauropodomorfos seja amplamente conhecido em virtude dos gigantescos saurópodes, sua origem ainda é pouco compreendida em virtude da escassez de esqueletos completos ou datações precisas. Entretanto, novos achados e datações realizadas em rochas Triássicas do Brasil têm trazido à tona informações valiosas no que tange essa questão. A combinação desses novos dados com técnicas mais avançadas de investigação (e.g. tomografias computadorizadas) vem possibilitando o estabelecimento dos padrões macroevolutivos que direcionaram a evolução inicial do grupo. Através das descobertas realizadas nos leitos Triássicos do Rio Grande do Sul, podemos entender de forma mais refinada como foi que os sauropodomorfos passaram de animais pequenos e pouco abundantes aos maiores animais que já andaram sobre a Terra.
A földrajzi árujelzős termékek helyzete a magyarországi élelmiszerdiszkontokban
Authors: Jantyik Lili , Török Áron
Published: July 2020

Több mint 25 évvel ezelőtt az Európai Unió (EU) létrehozta a saját, sui generis földrajzi árujelzős rendszerét azon termékek nyilvántartásához, amelyek minősége, hírneve vagy egyéb meghatározó jellemzői összefüggnek földrajzi eredetükkel. 2018 végén az Európai Bizottság hivatalos nyilvántartása (a DOOR adatbázis) 1 448 regisztrált, földrajzi árujelzővel ellátott élelmiszert tartalmazott, melyek száma továbbra is dinamikusan növekszik. Tanulmányunkban több okból kifolyólag is a Magyarországon működő élelmiszer diszkontáruházakat vizsgáltuk annak érdekében, hogy megbecsüljük a földrajzi árujelzővel ellátott termékek piacméretét és árszínvonalát. Először is, a diszkontáruházak részesedése a magyar élelmiszer-kiskereskedelemben folyamatosan növekszik és az átlagos magyar fogyasztók többsége számára elérhetőek. Továbbá jellemzőjük, hogy kínálatuk szinte állandó és korlátozott, a diszkontáruházak leginkább az árérzékeny fogyasztókat célozzák meg, tehát a diszkontokban az árprémium minimális szintje határozható meg. Ebben a tanulmányban alulról szeretnénk megbecsülni a magyar földrajzi árujelzővel ellátott termékek piacméretét és árprémiumát a közvetlen helyettesítő termékeikhez viszonyítva. Ahhoz, hogy valós piaci adatokat gyűjthessünk, minden hónapban (2018. január-december) próbavásárlást végeztünk egy-egy Budapesten található Aldi, Lidl és Penny Market kiskereskedésben. Összegyűjtöttük a rendelkezésre álló földrajzi árujelzővel ellátott termékek és azok legközelebbi helyettesítő termékeinek adatait, amelyek a boltokban elérhetők voltak, majd az így előálló, több száz megfigyelésből álló adatbázist elemeztük. Eredményeink azt mutatják, hogy a magyar diszkontokban elérhető földrajzi árujelzős termékek száma korlátozott, ám kínálatuk időben állandó. A magyar diszkontokban elérhető földrajzi árujelzővel ellátott élelmiszerek többsége olasz, és az átlagos árprémiumuk pedig 43% körüli, azonban jelentős különbségekkel. Eredményeink azt mutatják, hogy a földrajzi árujelzővel ellátott élelmiszerek jelenleg korlátozott jelentőséggel bírnak a magyar élelmiszerpiacon, mivel korlátozottan kaphatók. Másrészt, a földrajzi árujelzők valódi árprémiummal rendelkeznek Magyarországon is, és egy kevésbé árérzékeny fogyasztókat megcélzó kiskereskedelmi áruházban ennél magasabb árprémium is várható.
JEL besorolás: M31, M37, O13, O34, Q13
Perdagangan Saham di Pasar Modal Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Studi Transaksi Di Pasar Perdana dan Pasar Sekunder Pada Pasar Modal)
Authors: Eriyanti Nahara
Published: July 2020

Pada dasarnya perseroan terbatas (PT) mempunyai berbagai alternatif sumber pendanaan, baik yang berasal dari dalam maupun luar. Alternatif pendanaan dari dalam PT umumnya dengan menggunakan laba yang ditahan oleh PT. Sedangkan alternatif pendanaan dari luar PT dapat berasal dari kreditur berupa hutang, penerbitan surat-surat hutang seperti obligasi, dan penerbitan surat bersifat penyertaan yaitu saham dengan melakukan penjualan saham yang dikenal dengan go public. Kemudian yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah bentuk transaksi perdagangan saham, khususnya jual beli saham di bursa efek atau pasar modal.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa bagaimana tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap mekanisme perdagangan saham di pasar moda baik di pasar perdana maupun pasar sekunder. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan library research dengan metode analisa deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan transaksi perdagangan saham di bursa efek atau pasar modal sudah memenuhi ketentuan-ketentuan dalam hukum Islam. Dalam pasar perdana, harga saham perdana maupun agio saham yang ditawarkan ketika go public yang ditawarkan oleh emiten sudah disepakati oleh investor, yang mana sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip dalam bermuamalat yaitu prinsip kerelaan (an-tarodhin) yang menunjukan kesepakatan kedua belah pihak yang bertransaksi. Selanjutnya dalam pasar sekunder, mekanisme transaksi diperbolehkan dalam hukum Islam, karena dikategorikan dalam jual beli salam, berkaitan dengan harga yang berfluktuasi karena berasal dari permintaan dan penawaran (supply and demand), kegiatan mengejar keuntungan seperti capital gain diperbolehkan oleh syarak, karena merupakan hal yang wajar karena pada dasarnya dalam berbisnis adalah mengejar keuntungan.

 

Kata Kunci: saham, go public, pasar modal
Persepsi Masyarakat tentang Haramnya Investasi di Pasar Modal Syariah
Authors: Hidayah Noor Laili , Aslicha Ghina , Hana Kharis Fadlullah
Published: July 2020

Public knowledge must also be comprehensive with the times. People are already familiar with the word "investment".  However, everyone's perception of investing in the Islamic capital market is different.  The negative public perception about the illicit investment in the Islamic capital market should not exist.  Many people think about halal or illicit investment that caused a lot of debate.  Halal perception comes from people who have been well educated and deeply educated.  Unlawful perception arises from the lack of public education about all aspects that exist in the Islamic capital market.  The purpose of this study is to prove that negative perceptions that mention investment is an unlawful activity is wrong and changing that notion into investment is a halal activity.  The results of this study indicate that some people who have negative perceptions come from people who have not been educated about investing in the Islamic capital market.  So, public education about investment in the Islamic capital market on all aspects needs to be improved, not only at the academic level but other aspects so that debate in the community about halal or illicit investment in the Islamic capital market need not be there.
A Deep Learning Model for Predicting NGS Sequencing Depth from DNA Sequence
Authors: Zhang Jinny , Yordanov Boyan , Gaunt Alexander , Wang Michael , Dai Peng , Chen Yuan-Jyue , Zhang Kerou , Fang John , Dalchau Neil , Li Jiaming , Phillips Andrew , Zhang David
Published: July 2020

Targeted high-throughput DNA sequencing is a primary approach for genomics and molecular diagnostics, and more recently as a readout for DNA information storage. Oligonucleotide probes used to enriching gene loci of interest have different hybridization kinetics, resulting in non-uniform coverage that increases sequencing costs and decreases sequencing sensitivities. Here, we present a deep learning model (DLM) for predicting NGS sequencing depth from DNA probe sequence. Our DLM includes a bidirectional recurrent neural network that takes as input both DNA nucleotide identities as well as the calculated probability of the nucleotide being unpaired. We applied our DLM to two different NGS panels: a designed 7,373-plex panel for DNA information storage, and a
39,145-plex panel for human single nucleotide polymorphisms. In cross-validation, our DLM predicts sequencing depth to within a factor of 3 with 99% accuracy for the designed panel, and 93% accuracy for the human panel. The same model is also effective at predicting the measured single-plex kinetic rate constants of DNA hybridization and strand displacement.
Accuracy of Multidetector Computed Tomography for N Staging of Gastric Cancer in Eastern Asia: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Xu Lei , Gao Xiang , Zhang Jianping
Published: July 2020

Background:Eastern Asia is a region with a high incidence of gastric cancer (GC), and the detection rate of early gastric cancer (EGC) has been rising in recent decades.2With the development of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and the scope of its indications gradually expanded,the treatment for EGC is becoming a hot topic, which involves accurate preoperative evaluation.3The purpose of this study was to assess overall accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in N staging of GC in Eastern Asia.4Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to collect all relevant published studies about MDCT in assessing N staging of GC in Eastern Asia, within the PubMed, Cochrane library and Web of science databases from January 01, 2002 to April 01, 2020.5 The raw data from the included studies calculated the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for evaluating the performance of MDCT.6 The studies were grouped according to different criteria to assess the effect of possible factors on the sensitivity of MDCT.7Results: fourteen studies (5119 patients) were included in this analysis.8 In Eastern Asia, MDCT had a pooled accuracy of 67% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-0.72, I = 90.1%) for N staging. By subgroup analysis, reference diameter of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and degree of tumor invasion (DTI) were correlated with the sensitivity of N staging.9 And the pooled sensitivity for N+ of EGC was relatively low.10Conclusions: In Eastern Asia, as the influence of reference diameter of LNM and DTI, the sensitivity of MDCT in N staging of GC was insufficient.11 This may lead to incorrect preoperative staging, so that patients with GC may be over treated or inadequate lymph node (LN)dissection.12 The hierarchical assessment strategy may significantly improve the sensitivity for N+ of EGC to make appropriate methods of treatment.13
Primary Castleman's Disease in the Hepatis Caudate Lobe: A Case Report
Authors: Dai Bailing , Yang Fang , Zhang Wenming , Yang Guangzhao , Zhu Xiandi , Zhang Cui , Wang Jian
Published: July 2020

Background:Castleman's disease (CD) is an uncommon type of benign proliferation of the lymphoid tissue.The occurrence of CD in the liver is rare. Radiological diagnosis of hepatic CD by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains difficult. It is difficult to distinguish between CD of the liver and hypervascular liver tumors such as focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenoma before surgery.Case presentation: We report a unique case of CD in the hepatis cauda lobe in a 26-year-old young woman after a health checkup,abdominal ultrasonography, CT and MRI results showed a 5 cm×3 cm sized hypervascular mass. The patient was diagnosed as CD by histologic examination. The liver mass showed the imaging feature of central low density or signal enhancement in the arterial phase on contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, the tortuous access vessel could be seen in the lesion. The tumor became homogeneous isodense or isointense to the surrounding liver tissues during the portal phase. Dffusion restriction demonstrated on MRI. All these imaging findings, which might be useful clues for identifying CD in the liver.The patient underwent complete resection of the tumor. The patient was followed-up without any further treatment and the disease has shown no signs of recurrence.Conclusions:Primarily hepatic CD without lymph node hyperplasia or clinical symptoms is extraordinarily rare and different from other hypervascular liver tumors. Therefore, it is extremely important to improve the awareness of this diagnosis. Attention should be paid to the difference hepatic CD between FNH, hepatocellular adenoma, lymphoma and so on. To avoid misdiagnosis with unnecessary surgical excision, distinguishing these diseases is crucial.
Symptomatology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Lessons from A Meta-Analysis Across 13 Countries
Authors: Gamakaranage Champika Saman Kumara , Hettiarachchi Dineshani , Ediriweera Dileepa , Jayasinghe Saroj
Published: July 2020

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in varying clinical manifestations and mortality rates. There is no consensus on the symptomatology that would guide researchers and clinicians.Objective: The objective of the study was to identify symptoms and their frequencies of coronavirus disease 2019 with a meta-analysis of studies from several countries. Data sources: A systematic review using PubMed and Google Scholar data sources and reference tracing were used to identify 7176 relevant articles. Eligibility criteria: Suitable articles were selected manually with selection criteria and 14 original articles included for meta-analysis. Data abstraction analysis: PRISMA guideline was used for abstracting data. Then a table was generated by feeding it with numbers and proportions of each symptom described in original studies. A meta-analysis was carried out using random effect models on each symptom separately across the studies and their prevalence rates and 95% confident intervals calculated.Results: We identified 14 relevant scientific papers, either cross-sectional or cohort studies and analyzed. There were 2,660 cases of COVID-19. he majority were from China (n=2,439, 91.7%) and remainder from the Netherlands, Italy, Korea and India and one article from Europe. There was a total of 32 symptoms (i.e. present in >50% of patients): fever (79.56%, 95% CI: 72.17-86.09%), malaise (63.3%, 95% CI: 53.1 – 73.0%), cough (56.7. %, 95% CI: 48.6 - 64.6 %) and cold (55.6%, 95% CI: 45.2 – 65.7%). Symptoms of intermediate incidence (5-49%) were; anosmia, sneezing, ocular pain, fatigue, sputum production, arthralgia, tachypnea, palpitation, headache, chest tightness, shortness of breath, chills, myalgia, sore throat, anorexia, weakness, diarrhea, rhinorrhea, dizziness, nausea, altered level of consciousness, vomiting and abdominal pain. Rare symptoms (<5% of patients) were: tonsil swelling, haemoptysis, conjunctival injection, lymphadenopathy and rash were uncommon symptoms of coronavirus disease (<5%).Conclusion and implications of key findings: We found (25/32) symptoms to be present in =>5% of cases which could be considered as “typical” symptoms of COVID-19. The list of symptoms we identified are different from those documents released by the WHO, CDC, NHS, Chinese CDC, Institute Pasteur and Mayo Clinic. The compiled list would be useful for future researchers to document a comprehensive picture of the illness.
DL-3-n-butylphthalide Delays Cognitive Decline in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease Already Receiving Donepezil: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Jin , Guo Xiaojuan , Lu Wenhui , Liu Jie , Zhang Hong , Quan Qingyun , Su Hang , Ma Li , Gao Fan , Qu Qiumin
Published: July 2020

Background：Vascular factors and mitochondria dysfunction contributeto thepathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD).DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP)has an effect in protecting mitochondria and improving microcirculation. We investigated the effect of NBP in patients with mild-moderate AD already receiving donepezil.Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. 92 mild-moderate AD patients were classified into the donepezil alone group (n=43) or the donepezil combined NBP group (n=49) for 48 weeks. The primary outcome was change of Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) from baseline after treatment 48 weeks. All patients were also evaluated with clinician’s interview-based impression of change plus caregiver input (CIBIC-plus), Alzheimer's disease cooperative study-activities of daily living (ADCS-ADL) and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) every 12 weeks. All patients were monitored for adverse events (AEs). The efficacy was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results:The univariate analysis showed that age wasolder in donepezil alone group(P=0.005), prevalence of hypertension was higher in donepezil alone group(P=0.026).The ADAS-cog score change from baseline in thedonepezil alone group was significant than that in the donepezil combined NBP group at 48 weeks(1.82±5.20 vs -0.38±4.46, P=0.048). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that between the 2 groups, there were significant differencesin changes on the ADAS-cog(OR=0.879,95% CI:[0.785,0.984],P=0.026),MMSE(OR=1.270,95% CI:[1.036,1.557],P=0.021), and ADCS-ADL(OR=1.067,95% CI:[1.002,1.136],P=0.042) but no significant differences for changes on the NPI(OR=0.955,95% CI:[0.901，1.013],P=0.125)and CIBIC-plus (OR=0.356,95% CI:[0.093,1.364],P=0.132). The occurrence of AEs was similar in the 2 groups.Conclusions:Over the 48-week treatment period, donepezil combined NBP group had slower cognitive decline and better activities of daily living in patients with mild to moderate AD. These indicated that the multi-target therapeutic effect of NBP may be a new choice for AD treatment.Trial registration:Clinical trial registration URL:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02711683?term=NCT02711683&draw=2&rank=1ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02711683. Date of registration: March 14,2016.
Longevity Compliance Scale
Authors: BELICE TAHIR
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Nine common characteristics of Blue Zone regions (Power 9) are having a natural movement pattern, having an ikigai (a reason for being), being able to cope with stress, being able to stop eating before being full, eating a predominantly plant-based diet, drinking wine regularly, having a sense of belonging, strong family ties and strong social bonds. In the present study, we investigated the relationship of Power 9 characteristics with age and gender using the 'Longevity Compliance Scale' that we have recently developed.

Methods

Data were collected by administering the online 'Longevity Compliance Scale' (nine questions of 5-point Likert scale type) to 490 participants. SPSS was used for calculations.

Results

Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.763 (76.3%). Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin coefficient was 83%, and the factor analysis test provided high reliability (0.830 > 0.750). The total score was higher in female and elderly participants (Hedges' g: 0.046643, 95% Cls: 1.152-4.517, p:0.01).

Conclusion

We found that longevity compliance developed predominantly in female and elderly participants. These results may vary across regions and cultures; thus, they cannot be generalized. However, it is crucial to demonstrate the effect of the nine common dominant points, which have been found after extensive studies conducted for many years. These nine points could be critical factors associated with longevity. It might provide us with tips to prolong our lives and help us stay healthy. Knowledge and experience accumulated as a result of aging, especially in women, may, instinctively or consciously, enhance compliance with the codes for longevity.
Association between parents’ physical activity and mode of commuting with their offsprings
Authors: RODRIGUEZ FERNANDO , Huertas-Delgado Francisco Javier , Barranco-Ruiz Yaira , Aranda-Balboa María Jesús , Chillón Palma
Published: July 2020

Background. Some studies have reported a positive association between parents and their offspring’s physical activity (PA), but few have examined the difference in these associations concerning both genders. The objective of this study was to establish the association between moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and mode of commuting (MC) of the parents with their offspring’s MC, by gender and age group. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 686 parents (mothers: 52.8%) and their offsprings (33.8% girls). Each participant completed a questionnaire on PA and MC. Chi-square test, Odds Ratio for categorical variables and lineal regressions for continuous variables were used to examine the associations between the parents and their offspring. Results. An inverse association was found between fathers-children in the weekend MVPA in children and between mothers-adolescents in out-of-school and weekend MVPA in adolescents, specifically, an inverse association was found in MVPA between mothers-girls and 2) the different parents’ MC to work were positively associated with the MC to school in children and adolescents except for the association AC parents-adolescents and specifically, the AC was mainly associated between mothers and girls and boys. Conclusion. This study emphasizes the importance of involving parents in school-based interventions to create a positive ripple effect in PA-related behaviours.
Dekolorisasi Senyawa Azo Limbah Remazol Golden Yellow oleh Bioadsorben Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes)
Authors: Fitriani Ika Nur , Puspitasari Anggi Ristiyana , Amelia Rizki Nor
Published: July 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang adsorbsi senyawa azo Remazol Golden Yellow dari limbah cair zat warna sintetis menggunakan adsorben dari eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimal eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) sebagai bioadsorben limbah zat warna Remazol Golden Yellow dan mengetahui kadar ppm Remazol Golden Yellow maksimum dalam limbah zat warna sintetis yang dapat diserap oleh bioadsorben eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes). Subyek penelitian adalah eceng gondok yang teraktivasi NaOH 2% dengan waktu perendaman 24 jam. Obyek penelitian adalah efisiensi adsorpsi eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) terhadap zat warna sintetis-reaktif Remazol Golden Yellow. Variabel bebas yang dipakai adalah variasi massa. Daya adsorbsi ditentukan dengan dengan membandingkan konsentrasi Remazol Golden Yellow sebelum dan setelah adsorbsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar massa bioadsorben, efisiensi adsorbsi juga akan semakin besar dan adsorbsi optimum variasi massa Remazol Golden Yellow diperoleh pada massa adsorben 2,5 gram/100 mL dengan efisiensi adsorbsi 74,767%
Immersive Virtual Reality for the Reduction of State Anxiety in Clinical Interview Exams: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Concannon Brendan Joseph , Esmail Shaniff , Roduta Roberts Mary
Published: July 2020

Background

Immersive virtual reality (VR) with head-mounted display was used to determine if clinical interview simulation could reduce the anxiety levels of first-year occupational therapy (OT) students as they prepared for upcoming Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs). Anxiety among health science students is a potential problem that may diminish their performance during OSCEs. This investigation aimed to fill the gap in the literature regarding the effectiveness of VR to reduce anxiety in OT students.

Objective

This investigation aimed to uncover the effectiveness of immersive VR in reducing state anxiety in OT students who were preparing for OSCEs.

Methods

A prospective, experimental, nonrandomized controlled trial compared levels of state anxiety, test anxiety, and academic self-efficacy in two groups of first-year OT students; these levels were measured at four different time points by self-reported psychometric scales, analyzed with a mixed factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA). Members of Phase 1 (NoVR) were not exposed to the VR simulation and acted as a control group for members of Phase 2 (YesVR), who were exposed to the VR simulation. VR simulation featured a virtual clinic and a standardized patient who students could interview in natural language. Measures of student study strategies and previous experience with VR were also recorded.

Results

A total of 49 participants—29 in the NoVR group and 20 in the YesVR group—showed that state anxiety had a rise-then-fall trend, peaking at the time point just before the OSCE. At that point, the YesVR students showed significantly less state anxiety than did the NoVR students (t46.19=2.34, P=.02, Cohen d=0.65, ηp2=0.105). The mean difference was 6.78 units (95% CI 0.96-12.61). In similar trends for both groups, student test anxiety remained relatively static across the time points, while academic self-efficacy continually increased. A moderate positive correlation was found for total time spent studying and peak state anxiety (NoVR r=.46, n=28, P=.01; YesVR r=.52, n=19, P=.02).

Conclusions

This investigation shows evidence of immersive VR’s capability to reduce state anxiety in OT students preparing for clinical practical exams. Immersive VR simulation, used for the reduction of anxiety in health science students, can potentially lead to a future of positive mental health change from the virtual to the real world.
The ICT and New Scenarios for Diversity
Authors: Salum Tomé, PhD. José Manuel
Published: July 2020

Research is a process aimed at seeking new knowledge, in this case, it will seek to find alternative ways in the field of new technologies that serve to support special educational needs. Society demands these technological contributions to solve problems and allow man to work with greater ergonomics; the school, a social institution, also needs these resources so that all students can build a functional and meaningful teaching-learning process. The Educational System proposes an education that meets the educational needs of all students; and from these pages it is intended that new technologies are a way of supporting that attend to diversity.
A SIMPLE AND RUGGED BIOANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF BRIVUDINE IN HUMAN PLASMA BY USING HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: SATHESHKUMAR S. , MURUGANANTHAM V.
Published: July 2020

Objective: The current research work focus to simple and rugged bioanalytical method development and validation of brivudine in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Methods: The analyte (Brivudine) and internal standard (Sofosbuvir) were extracted using the Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) technique. The chromatographic separation was accomplished by using Zorbax eclipse XDB-C18 Column (150×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisted of Methanol: 0.5% Ortho-phosphoric acid (65:35%, v/v) respectively, at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The developed method was validated by performing system suitability, carryover effect, linearity, selectivity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy, recovery, ruggedness, and stability studies. The method was validated as per USFDA guidelines.

Results: The selected chromatographic condition was found to efficiently separated brivudine (RT-3.55 min) and ISTD (RT-7.87 min). The assay demonstrated a linear dynamic range of 85.205 to 4500.246 ng/ml for brivudine in human plasma with r2>0.99. Demonstrated the lowest limit of detection at 85.205 ng/ml. This method established an intra-run and inter-run precision within the range of 2.99-6.31%CV and 3.67-5.80%CV, respectively. Additional intra-run and inter-run accuracy were within the range of 97.55-105.37% and 99.27-102.15%, respectively. The mean percentage recovery of brivudine and ISTD studies proved good extraction efficiency and the robustness was also evaluated.

Conclusion: A simple, accurate, precise, linear and rugged RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of brivudine in human plasma with K2EDTA anticoagulant and suitable for conducting BA/BE and TDM.
Hubungan Antara Kemampuan Reproduksi, Kepemilikan Anak, Tempat Tinggal, Pendidikan Dan Status Bekerja Pada Wanita Sudah Menikah Dengan Pemakaian Kontrasepsi Hormonal Di Indonesia Tahun 2017
Authors: Herowati Diyah , Sugiharto Mugeni
Published: July 2020

Hormonal contraception type such as: injections, pills and implants is a type of contraception used by married women in Indonesia, because the contraception is very eff ective for preventing pregnancy and very easy to use. Nevertheless, each type has diff erent side eff ects. This study is to analyse the relationship between reproductive ability, child ownership, residence, education and work status for married women with hormonal contraceptive use. This quantitative study obtained the data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey 2017 which was analyzed by bivariate correlation tests and displayed descriptively in a table form. The results indicated signifi cant among reproductive capacity, location of residence, ownership of the number of children and employment of married women with hormonal contraception use. However the education variable had no relationship. Hormonal contraception type was concluded as a type of contraception that eff ectively prevents pregnancy. Married women used more injectable contraception, then pills and implants. They are advised to use injectable contraception as it eff ectively prevents pregnancies, reduces side eff ects, and is easy to use.Thus, they have to gain correct information fi rst from health workers

ABSTRAK

Kontrasepsi hormonal, seperti suntik, pil dan implant adalah jenis alat kontrasepsi yang di gunakan oleh wanita yang sudah menikah di Indonesia, karena sangat efektif mencegah kehamilan dan mudah penggunaannya, namun memiliki efek samping yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kemampuan reproduksi, kepemilikan anak, tempat tinggal, pendidikan dan status bekerja pada wanita sudah menikah dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi hormonal. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data SDKI tahun 2017 yang di analisis dengan uji korelasi bivariat dan deskriptif ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel. Analisis menunjukkan, bahwa terdapat hubungan signifi kan antara kemampuan reproduksi, lokasi tempat tinggal, kepemilikan jumlah anak dan pekerjaan wanita menikah dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, akan tetapi variabel pendidikan tidak ada hubungan. Kontrasepsi hormonal disimpulkan sebagai jenis kontrasepsi yang efektif mencegah kehamilan. Wanita menikah lebih banyak menggunakan kontrasepsi suntik, kemudian pil dan implant. Wanita menikah disarankan untuk menggunakan kontrasepsi suntik, karena efektif mencegahkehamilan, efek samping yang ringan dan mudah penggunaannya, tetapi perlu memperoleh informasi yang benar terlebih dahulu dari petugas kesehatan.