bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photolysis and oxidation by OH radicals of two carbonyl nitrates: 4-nitrooxy-2-butanone and 5-nitrooxy-2-pentanone
Authors: Picquet-Varrault Bénédicte , Suarez-Bertoa Ricardo , Duncianu Marius , Cazaunau Mathieu , Pangui Edouard , David Marc , Doussin Jean-François
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Multifunctional organic nitrates, including carbonyl nitrates, are important
species formed in NOx-rich atmospheres by the degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These
compounds have been shown to play a key role in the transport of reactive
nitrogen and, consequently, in the ozone budget; they are also known to be important
components of the total organic aerosol. However, very little is known about
their reactivity in both the gas and condensed phases. Following a previous
study that we published on the gas-phase reactivity of α-nitrooxy
ketones, the photolysis and reaction with OH radicals of
4-nitrooxy-2-butanone and 5-nitrooxy-2-pentanone (which are a β-nitrooxy ketone and γ-nitrooxy ketone, respectively) were investigated for the
first time in simulation chambers. The photolysis frequencies were directly
measured in the CESAM chamber, which is equipped with a very realistic
irradiation system. The jnitrate/jNO2 ratios were found to be (5.9±0.9)×10-3 for 4-nitrooxy-2-butanone and (3.2±0.9)×10-3 for 5-nitrooxy-2-pentanone under our experimental
conditions. From these results, it was estimated that ambient photolysis
frequencies calculated for typical tropospheric irradiation conditions
corresponding to the 1 July at noon at 40∘ N (overhead ozone column of 300 and albedo of 0.1) are (6.1±0.9)×10-5 s−1 and (3.3±0.9)×10-5 s−1 for 4-nitrooxy-2-butanone and 5-nitrooxy-2-pentanone, respectively.
These results demonstrate that photolysis is a very efficient sink for these
compounds with atmospheric lifetimes of few hours. They also suggest that,
similarly to α-nitrooxy ketones, β-nitrooxy ketones have
enhanced UV absorption cross sections and quantum yields equal to or close to
unity and that γ-nitrooxy ketones have a lower enhancement of cross
sections, which can easily be explained by the larger distance between the
two chromophore groups. Thanks to a product study, the branching ratio between
the two possible photodissociation pathways is also proposed. Rate
constants for the reaction with OH radicals were found to be (2.9±1.0)×10-12 and (3.3±0.9)×10-12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1,
respectively. These experimental data are in good agreement with rate
constants estimated by the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of Kwok and Atkinson (1995) when using the
parametrization proposed by Suarez-Bertoa et al. (2012) for carbonyl
nitrates. Comparison with photolysis rates suggests that the OH-initiated
oxidation of carbonyl nitrates is a less efficient sink than
photodissociation but is not negligible in polluted areas.
A tropospheric pathway of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) impact on the boreal winter polar vortex
Authors: Yamazaki Koji , Nakamura Tetsu , Ukita Jinro , Hoshi Kazuhira
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is quasi-periodic oscillation of the tropical zonal wind in the stratosphere. When the tropical lower stratospheric wind is easterly (westerly), the winter Northern Hemisphere (NH) stratospheric polar vortex tends to be weak (strong). This relation is known as Holton–Tan relationship. Several mechanisms for this relationship have been proposed, especially linking the tropics with high-latitudes through stratospheric pathway. Although QBO impacts on the troposphere have been extensively discussed, a tropospheric pathway of the Holton–Tan relationship has not been explored previously. We here propose a tropospheric pathway of the QBO impact, which may partly account for the Holton–Tan relationship in early winter, especially in the November–December period. The study is based on analyses on observational data and results from a simple linear model and atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations. The mechanism is summarized as follows: the easterly phase of the QBO is accompanied with colder temperature in the tropical tropopause layer, which enhances convective activity over the tropical western Pacific and suppresses over the Indian Ocean, thus enhancing the Walker circulation. This convection anomaly generates Rossby wave train, propagating into the mid-latitude troposphere, which constructively interferences with the climatological stationary waves, especially in wavenumber 1, resulting in enhanced upward propagation of the planetary wave and a weakened polar vortex.
Absolute Calibration method for FMCW Cloud Radars
Authors: Toledo Felipe , Delanoë Julien , Haeffelin Martial , Dupont Jean-Charles
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This article presents a new Cloud Radar calibration methodology using solid reference reflectors mounted on masts, developed during two field experiments held in 2018 and 2019 at the SIRTA atmospheric observatory, located in Palaiseau, France, in the framework of the ACTRIS-2 research and innovation program. The experimental setup includes 10 cm and 20 cm triangular trihedral targets installed at the top of 10 m and 20 m masts, respectively. The 10 cm target is mounted on a pan-tilt motor at the top of the 10 m mast to precisely align its boresight with the radar beam. Sources of calibration bias and uncertainty are identified and quantified. Specifically, this work assesses the impact of receiver compression, incomplete antenna overlap, temperature variations inside the radar, clutter and experimental setup misalignment. Setup misalignment is a source of bias previously undocumented in the literature, that can have an impact on the order of tenths of dB in calibration retrievals of W band Radars. A detailed analysis enabled the design of a calibration methodology which can reach a cloud radar calibration uncertainty of 0.3 dB based on the equipment used in the experiment. Among different sources of uncertainty, the two largest terms are due to signal-to-clutter ratio and radar-to-target alignment. The analysis revealed that our 20 m mast setup with an approximate alignment approach is preferred to the 10 m mast setup with the motor-driven alignment system. The calibration uncertainty associated with signal-to-clutter ratio of the former is ten times smaller than for the latter. Cloud radar calibration results are found to be repeatable when comparing results from a total of 18 independent tests. Once calibrated the cloud radar provides valid reflectivity values when sampling mid-tropospheric clouds. Thus we conclude that the method is repeatable and robust, and that the uncertainties are precisely characterized. The method can be implemented under different configurations as long as the proposed principles are respected. It could be extended to reference reflectors held by other lifting devices such as tethered balloons or unmanned aerial vehicles.
Solver for Hydrologic Unstructured Domain (SHUD): Numerical modeling of watershed hydrology with the finite volume method
Authors: Shu Lele , Ullrich Paul A. , Duffy Christopher J.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Hydrological modeling is an essential strategy for understanding natural flows, particularly where observations are lacking in either space or time, or where topographic roughness leads to a disconnect in the characteristic timescales of overland and groundwater flow. Consequently, significant opportunities remain for the development of extensible modeling systems that operate robustly across regions. Towards the development of such a robust hydrological modeling system, this paper introduces the Solver for Hydrological Unstructured Domain (SHUD), an integrated multi-process, multi-scale, multi-timestep hydrological model, in which hydrological processes are fully coupled using the Finite Volume Method. The SHUD integrates overland flow, snow accumulation/melting, evapotranspiration, subsurface and groundwater flow, and river routing, while realistically capturing the physical processes in a watershed. The SHUD incorporates one-dimension unsaturated flow, two-dimension groundwater flow, and river channels connected with hillslopes via overland flow and baseflow. This paper introduces the design of SHUD, from the conceptual and mathematical description of hydrological processes in a watershed to computational structures. To demonstrate and validate the model performance, we employ three hydrological experiments: the V-Catchment experiment, Vauclin's experiment, and a study of the Cache Creek Watershed in northern California, USA. Possible applications of then SHUD model include hydrological studies from the hillslope scale to regional scale, water resource and stormwater management, and coupling research with related fields such as limnology, agriculture, geochemistry, geomorphology, water quality, and ecology, climatic and landuse change. In general, SHUD is a valuable scientific tool for any modeling task involving simulating and understanding the hydrological response.
Temporal rainfall disaggregation using a micro-canonical cascade model: possibilities to improve the autocorrelation
Authors: Müller-Thomy Hannes
Published: January 2020

Abstract. In urban hydrology rainfall time series of high
resolution in time are crucial. Such time series with sufficient length can
be generated through the disaggregation of daily data with a micro-canonical
cascade model. A well-known problem of time series generated in this way is the
inadequate representation of the autocorrelation. In this paper two cascade
model modifications are analysed regarding their ability to improve the
autocorrelation in disaggregated time series with 5 min resolution. Both
modifications are based on a state-of-the-art reference cascade model
(method A). In the first modification, a position dependency is introduced
in the first disaggregation step (method B). In the second modification the
position of a wet time step is redefined in addition by taking into account
the disaggregated finer time steps of the previous time step instead of the
previous time step itself (method C). Both modifications led to an
improvement of the autocorrelation, especially the position redefinition
(e.g. for lag-1 autocorrelation, relative errors of −3 % (method B) and
1 % (method C) instead of −4 % for method A). To ensure the
conservation of a minimum rainfall amount in the wet time steps, the mimicry
of a measurement device is simulated after the disaggregation process.
Simulated annealing as a post-processing strategy was tested as an
alternative as well as an addition to the modifications in methods B and C.
For the resampling, a special focus was given to the conservation of the
extreme rainfall values. Therefore, a universal extreme event definition was
introduced to define extreme events a priori without knowing their
occurrence in time or magnitude. The resampling algorithm is capable of
improving the autocorrelation, independent of the previously applied cascade
model variant (e.g. for lag-1 autocorrelation the relative error of −4 %
for method A is reduced to 0.9 %). Also, the improvement of the
autocorrelation by the resampling was higher than by the choice of the
cascade model modification. The best overall representation of the
autocorrelation was achieved by method C in combination with the resampling
algorithm. The study was carried out for 24 rain gauges in Lower Saxony,
Germany.
Improving sub-seasonal forecast skill of meteorological drought: a weather pattern approach
Authors: Richardson Doug , Fowler Hayley J. , Kilsby Christopher G. , Neal Robert , Dankers Rutger
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Dynamical model skill in forecasting extratropical precipitation is limited beyond the medium-range (around 15 d), but such models are often more skilful at predicting atmospheric variables. We explore the potential benefits of using weather pattern (WP) predictions as an intermediary step in forecasting UK precipitation and meteorological drought on sub-seasonal timescales. Mean sea-level pressure forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ensemble prediction system (ECMWF-EPS) are post-processed into probabilistic WP predictions. Then we derive precipitation estimates and dichotomous drought event probabilities by sampling from the conditional distributions of precipitation given the WPs. We compare this model to the direct precipitation and drought forecasts from the ECMWF-EPS and to a baseline
Markov chain WP method. A perfect-prognosis model is also tested to illustrate the potential of WPs in forecasting. Using a range of skill
diagnostics, we find that the Markov model is the least skilful, while the
dynamical WP model and direct precipitation forecasts have similar accuracy
independent of lead time and season. However, drought forecasts are more
reliable for the dynamical WP model. Forecast skill scores are generally
modest (rarely above 0.4), although those for the perfect-prognosis model
highlight the potential predictability of precipitation and drought using WPs, with certain situations yielding skill scores of almost 0.8 and
drought event hit and false alarm rates of 70 % and 30 %, respectively.
Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow
Authors: Leinss Silvan , Löwe Henning , Proksch Martin , Kontu Anna
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The structural anisotropy of snow characterizes the spatially anisotropic distribution of the ice and air microstructure and is a key parameter for improving parameterizations of physical properties. To enable the use of the anisotropy in snowpack models as an internal variable, we propose a simple model based on a rate equation for the temporal evolution. The model is validated with a comprehensive set of anisotropy profiles and time series from X-ray microtomography (CT) and radar measurements. The model includes two effects, namely temperature gradient metamorphism and settling, and can be forced by any snowpack model that predicts temperature and density. First, we use CT time series from lab experiments to validate the proposed effect of temperature gradient metamorphism. Next, we use SNOWPACK simulations to calibrate the model with radar time series from the NoSREx campaigns in Sodankylä, Finland. Finally we compare the simulated anisotropy profiles against field-measured full-depth CT profiles. Our results confirm that the creation of vertical structures is mainly controlled by the vertical water vapor flux through the snow volume. Our results further indicate a yet undocumented effect of snow settling on the creation of horizontal structures. Overall the model is able to reproduce the characteristic anisotropy variations in radar time series of four different winter seasons with a very limited set of calibration parameters.
The importance of round-robin validation when assessing machine-learning-based vertical extrapolation of wind speeds
Authors: Bodini Nicola , Optis Mike
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The extrapolation of wind speeds measured at a meteorological mast to wind turbine hub heights is a key component in a bankable wind farm energy assessment and a significant source of uncertainty. Industry-standard methods for extrapolation include the power law and logarithmic profile. The emergence of machine-learning applications in wind energy has led to several studies demonstrating substantial improvements in vertical extrapolation accuracy in machine-learning methods over these conventional power law and logarithmic profile methods. In all cases, these studies assess relative model performance at a measurement site where, critically, the machine-learning algorithm requires knowledge of the hub-height wind speeds in order to train the model. This prior knowledge provides fundamental advantages to the site-specific machine-learning model over the power law and log profile, which, by contrast, are not highly tuned to hub-height measurements but rather can generalize to any site. Furthermore, there is no practical benefit in applying a machine-learning model at a site where hub-height winds are known; rather, its performance at nearby locations (i.e., across a wind farm site) without hub-height measurements is of most practical interest. To more fairly and practically compare machine-learning-based extrapolation to standard approaches, we implemented a round-robin extrapolation model comparison, in which a random forest machine-learning model is trained and evaluated at different sites and then compared against the power law and logarithmic profile. We consider 20 months of lidar and sonic anemometer data collected at four sites between 50–100 kilometers apart in the central United States. We find that the random forest outperforms the standard extrapolation approaches, especially when incorporating surface measurements as inputs to include the influence of atmospheric stability. When compared at a single site (the traditional comparison approach), the machine-learning improvement in mean absolute error was 28 % and 23 % over the power law and logarithmic profile, respectively. Using the round-robin approach proposed here, this improvement drops to 19 % and 14 %, respectively. These latter values better represent practical model performance, and we conclude that round-robin validation should be the standard for machine-learning-based, wind-speed extrapolation methods.
Análisis de contenido e identificación de conceptos relativos al materialismo en historiografías de la arquitectura moderna
Authors: Estrada Alejandra
Published: January 2020

Este artículo presenta los resultados del estudio realizado a partir del método análisis de contenido de una selección de libros sobre la temática del materialismo filosófico. El universo del discurso fue clasificado de acuerdo con el número global de citaciones recibidas desde enero de 2004 a diciembre de 2017, en diferentes bases de datos bajo el uso de herramientas digitales. El objetivo del estudio fue la creación de categorías por medio del análisis inductivo de contenidos, con el fin de construir un sistema de categorización para identificar conceptos relativos a la materialidad presentes en la arquitectura moderna. Fue posible establecer categorías caracterizadas por una fuerte unidad de contexto y con la capacidad descriptiva suficiente para orientar la búsqueda en las historiografías seleccionadas sobre arquitectura moderna. Estas categorías o unidades de significado fueron usadas para medir el grado de semejanza entre códigos y categorías de materialidad. Se encontró que la tendencia de codificación estuvo concentrada en la categoría del idealismo, esto permitiría pensar que la arquitectura de este periodo no se definió desde el carácter contingente de su objeto sino desde condiciones preconcebidas por un ideal social.
La construcción del sujeto femenino en el cine chino después de la Revolución Cultural: a partir de las miradas de Gong Li
Authors: Qi Fang
Published: January 2020

La aparición de Gong Li en la pantalla simboliza una apertura revolucionaria en la representación del erotismo femenino en China, después de la denominada Revolución Cultural (1966- 1976). En el presente artículo se demuestra la construcción de la subjetividad femenina de la actriz a partir del análisis de la mirada de la estrella; gesto destacado de su interpretación que representa su deseo y poder como sujeto femenino que cuestiona el sistema falogocéntrico de las narraciones que protagonizó. Al localizar la mirada interpretativa de Gong Li en su contexto cultural e histórico, distinguimos el sujeto actoral de la actriz desde un enfoque feminista y el relieve simbólico que adquiere su arte interpretativo. Recorremos distintas películas de su filmografía y comprobamos cómo Gong Li consigue imprimir una personalidad continua a partir de la cual irradia un constante interés por construir una subjetividad femenina compleja en las pantallas. Su sujeto actoral se erige en el centro de la escena por lo que merece formar parte de los discursos cinematográficos. Asimismo, queremos reconocer la contribución positiva de Gong Li a las imágenes femeninas del cine chino y la influencia ideológica de su star image a nivel sociocultural.
Nursing Care to Evaluate, Prevent, and Treat Cutaneous Xerosis in the Elderly
Authors: Cruz Ronny Anderson de Oliveira , Agra Glenda , Oliveira Jacira dos Santos , Pereira Maria Auxiliadora , Lopes Maria Emília Limeira , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes
Published: January 2020

Objective: Identify nursing care performed by nurses to evaluate, prevent, and treat cutaneous xerosis in the elderly. Materials and Methods: Descriptive study with quantitative approach, conducted with 101 care nurses working in the medical clinic and in the intensive care units of four hospitals in Paraíba, Brazil. The data collection took place between July and September 2018 through an instrument composed of sociodemographic variables and by items related with nursing care. The statistical analysis was performed by distribution and frequency calculations, central tendency measures, standard deviation, and chi-squared test for categorical variables. Results: The majority stated always considering the age range (84.2 %), assessing skin color (83.2 %), evaluating skin turgor and elasticity (64.4 %), looking for the existence of skin fissures (53.5 %), and noticing the existence of lesions on the skin (90.1 %). Of the participating professionals, 83.2 % reported never having used imported equipment to evaluate skin hydration. Conclusions: The study showed that nurses emphasized the importance of considering age range, assessing skin color, being aware of areas with hyperemia, and noticing the existence of lesions, as well as the need for continuing education to improve the quality of care.
Impact of Spray Drying Parameters on Lactose-Free Milk Powder Properties and Composition
Authors: Rodrigues Larissa , Paiva Gustavo , Lisboa Hugo M , Pasquali Matheus , Gusmão Rennan , Duarte Maria Elita , Cavalcanti-Mata Mario Eduardo , Abrantes Thaisa
Published: January 2020

Lactose-free milk powders are an interesting topic, as the industry still struggles with the enhanced stickiness of the material. To better understand this topic, an industrial scale spray-dryer was used to assess the influence of process parameters on the powder properties of lactose-free milk. A simple design of experiments was conducted varying the inlet temperature in combination with the atomization flow rate. The intention was to set different driving forces for drying in combination with the different surfaces are for mass transport. Yield is typically the process bottleneck, but from results, high inlet temperature combined with small droplet size resulted in a 50.73% yield. Powder's moisture contents were between 0.53% and 5%, and water activity between 0.21 and 0.43, being all values within a safety threshold for storage. From bulk and tap density results, all powders revealed to be cohesive with the Hausner ratio above 1.5. Color measurements revealed off white samples, with a tendency to become brown when higher inlet temperatures are used, possibly due to Maillard reactions. Powder particle size ranged from 5.6 to 13.5 mm and revealed extensive agglomeration, possibly due to some protein denaturation at the particle surface. Inlet temperature revealed to be the most influential parameter on all properties.
Pesquisa-experiência em educação ambiental: exercícios (eco)lógicos para gestão dos resíduos
Authors: Ecker Daniel Dall'Igna
Published: January 2020

O presente texto compartilha o resultado de uma pesquisa-experiência sobre exercícios (eco)lógicos possíveis de autoeducação ambiental, para gestão dos resíduos humanos. Com foco na transformação do pesquisador e de sua relação com a gestão de resíduos, baseou-se em três etapas: observações sistemáticas em uma avenida da cidade de Porto Alegre e em uma universidade privada; busca de informações sobre a gestão de resíduos na internet (plataforma Google) e em uma biblioteca universitária; imersão do pesquisador em uma associação de separação do lixo e realização de entrevista com a responsável pelo local. Inspirada em produções de conhecimento Pós-estruturalistas, a noção de pesquisa-experiência emerge enquanto possibilidade de tatear elementos e fabricar objetos para o pensamento, neste caso, como via de autotransformação do pesquisador na sua relação com a gestão de resíduos. Como resultado, fora possível articular a vivência da experiência com a pesquisa sobre o meio ambiente, refletindo sobre os paradigmas educativo-ambientais e as ideologias de consumo e individualismo que permeiam o cotidiano humano. Através de elementos emergentes no campo da pesquisa, colocou-se em análise a educação ambiental, considerando-a via de transformação das (eco)lógicas cotidianas, alguns de seus impasses, como os aspectos subjetivos ou estruturais que envolvem uma autoeducação ambiental.
Patella Baja in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Lum Zachary C. , Saiz Augustine M. , Pereira Gavin C. , Meehan John P.
Published: January 2020

Patella baja in total knee arthroplasty can result in impingement, pain, and decreased range of motion. Etiology can range from previous knee surgeries such as anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, retrograde femoral nail, infrapatellar fat pad resection, and previous total knee arthroplasty. Diagnosis can be confirmed by one of a number of measurements of patellar height including Insall-Salvati and Blackburne-Peel ratios. It is important to differentiate between true patella baja and pseudopatella baja by patellar height ratio. Treatment includes correct identification of the underlying etiology and appropriate management. Surgical management strategies include tibial tubercle osteotomy, distal femoral augment and revision, proximalization of the patellar component, modification of the anterior tibial component, and/or Z-plasty of the patellar tendon. We review the outcomes for each of these procedures.
Platinum-Containing nanocomposites based on Humic substances from brown coal
Authors: Dolmaa Gania , Aleksandrova Galina Petrovna , Lesnichaya Marina Vladimerovna , Nomintsetseg Byambajav , Sapojhnikov Anatoly Nikolaevich , Sukhov Boris Genadevich , Bayaraa Batnasan , Regdel Duger , Trofimov Boris Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2020

In the presentreport we look intosynthesized silver and gold-containing nanocomposites based on humic substances. The composition and properties of humic substances isolated from brown coal in Mongolian deposits have beenestablished. The methodology of obtaining platinum-containing nanobiocomposites using a matrix of humic substances is described. Our investigation shows thattheir composition and structure are characterized by a complex of modern physicochemical methods, such as X-ray, energy dispersive spectral microanalysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), X-ray diffraction analysis, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Wpływ angielszczyzny na języki europejskie i nieeuropejskie w kontekście projektu GLAD (Global Anglicism Database)
Authors: Mańczak-Wohlfeld Elżbieta , Witalisz Alicja
Published: January 2020

The influence of English on European and non-European languages in the context of the GLAD project (Global Anglicisms Database). Summary: The article begins with a description of the Dictionary of Anglicisms edited by Manfred Görlach (2001/2005), which, so far, is the only cross-linguistic dictionary of Anglicisms that have been attested in sixteen European languages. The main focus of the article is the presentation of the main objectives of the GLAD (Global Anglicism Database) international project, which is meant to be a continuation of Görlach's lexicon. One other aim of the study is to point out the differences in the outcomes of language contact between English and European (mainly Polish) and non-European languages, which are illustrated with preliminary language data from Cantonese and Japanese collected for the GLAD database.
Wpływ angielszczyzny na języki europejskie i nieeuropejskie w kontekście projektu GLAD (Global Anglicism Database). Streszczenie: W artykule opisano pierwszy i, jak dotąd, jedyny słownik zapożyczeń angielskich występujących w szesnastu językach europejskich napisany pod redakcją Manfreda Görlacha (2001/2005). W drugiej części artykułu przedstawiono główne założenia międzynarodowego projektu GLAD (Global Anglicism Database), który w pewnym stopniu stanowi kontynuację leksykonu Görlacha. Jednak celem podjętej analizy jest ukazanie różnic występujących w kontakcie angielskiego z językami europejskimi (głównie z polskim) i nieeuropejskimi na przykładzie angielskich zapożyczeń właściwych w językach kantońskim i japońskim w oparciu o cząstkowe dane uzyskane z projektu GLAD.
REFLECTING THE MARKET NEEDS WITH REGARD TO GASTRONOMICAL SERVICES USING THE QFD METHOD
Authors: Gajewska Paulina , Arif Maan Thabit Arif
Published: January 2020

The gastronomic industry enjoys growing popularity. The number of small ga¬stronomy establishments and large hotel chains is growing, with extensive catering facilities. The struggle for the client has many dimensions, it also takes place within his sensations and feelings. Eating out is much more than cooking and eating at home. It brings people together and people can share something common when eating outside. By perceiving the gastronomic service in this way, we notice the importance of the environment and the pe¬ople who provide it to us. The aim of the article is to present the possibilities of using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method in the design of catering services – to translate market requirements into the conditions that a gastronomic service has to meet, wanting to enjoy the interest. The aim of the research is to identify the client’s needs and requirements and identifying the positive features of the service and finding methods to achieve them so as to be able to improve the gastronomic service on their basis.
IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOD PRACTICES WITHIN CSR AS A MANIFESTATION OF RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kuraś Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to present issues related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the context of business management. In the first part of the study, the issues of the need to link social responsibility with the strategy and objectives of the enterprise were discussed, and the key CSR areas determining the scope of social responsibility were approximated. The last part of the study was devoted to the analysis of the so-called good practices, the implementation and realization of which is a manifestation of responsible business management.
Seismic Response Validation of Simulated Soil Models to Vertical Array Record During A Strong Earthquake
Authors: Misliniyati Rena , Mase Lindung Zalbuin , Irsyam Masyhur , Hendriawan Hendriawan , Sahadewa Andika
Published: January 2020

Several soil models, such as linear elastic, equivalent linear, and non-linear models, are employed in seismic ground response analysis. The aim of this study was to validate the seismic responses at ground surface of several soil models with the vertical array record of the Kobe earthquake. One-dimensional seismic response analyses were performed at Port Island using several soil models. The responses at ground surface from the simulated soil models were validated with the vertical array record of the Kobe earthquake. The results showed that the extended hyperbolic model yielded the most appropriate response according to the Kobe earthquake's recorded motion. This means that this model can be considered a suitable soil model to predict the response of strong earthquakes. In general, the results support the recommendation to select the most appropriate soil model for seismic ground response analysis.
À qui appartient le passé? Perspectives nord-américaines sur l’appropriation du patrimoine archéologique
Authors: Gates St-Pierre Christian
Published: January 2020

L’archéologie préhistorique nord-américaine est entraînée dans un processus de décolonisation qui l’oblige à se remettre en question et à redéfinir ses pratiques, de même que ses liens avec les communautés autochtones et leur patrimoine archéologique. N’ayant plus le monopole du discours sur ce patrimoine, les archéologues élaborent de nouvelles approches plus collaboratives, multivocales et socialement pertinentes. La question de l’appropriation du passé reste toutefois problématique, car sujette à des débats opposant des positions sociopolitiques et interprétatives parfois difficilement réconciliables. Cet article dresse un portrait sommaire de la situation et des défis éthiques qui en résultent, en l’illustrant à l’aide d’une étude de cas contemporaine se déroulant à Montréal.
Ethical Issues in Indigenous Archaeology: Problems with Difference and Collaboration
Authors: González-Ruibal Alfredo
Published: January 2020

The critique of archaeology made from an indigenous and postcolonial perspective has been largely accepted, at least in theory, in many settler colonies, from Canada to New Zealand. In this paper, I would like to expand such critique in two ways: on the one hand, I will point out some issues that have been left unresolved; on the other hand, I will address indigenous and colonial experiences that are different from British settler colonies, which have massively shaped our understanding of indigeneity and the relationship of archaeology to it. I am particularly concerned with two key problems: alterity – how archaeologists conceptualize difference – and collaboration – how archaeologists imagine their relationship with people from a different cultural background. My reflections are based on my personal experiences working with communities in southern Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa and South America that differ markedly from those usually discussed by indigenous archaeologies.
L’archéologie préventive, une source de solutions pour demain? Réflexions sur les enjeux scientifiques et sociétaux de l’archéologie préventive face aux effets délétères du néo-libéralisme
Authors: Blein Charlotte
Published: January 2020

Depuis plusieurs décennies, en Europe, l’archéologie préventive met au jour un bien plus grand nombre de vestiges que l’archéologie programmée. La masse d’informations issue de ces recherches préventives est telle que son traitement constitue une tâche colossale, mais aussi incontournable si on ne veut pas que les fouilles préventives deviennent synonymes de destruction des vestiges – ce qu’elles sont précisément censées empêcher. L’effort que doit fournir notre société (en termes de temps et de moyens financiers, notamment) peut paraître lourd, voire insurmontable à certains ; pourtant, cet effort est impératif et primordial, car les fouilles préventives sont porteuses d’enjeux majeurs, aussi bien scientifiques que sociétaux. Cet article vise à détailler ces enjeux et à les analyser au regard des effets délétères de la logique néolibérale sur l’archéologie préventive et des difficultés écologiques et sociétales actuelles.
Policy Analysis of Equity, Diversity and Inclusion Strategies in Canadian Universities – How Far Have We Come?
Authors: Tamtik Merli , Guenter Melissa
Published: January 2020

Institutional efforts to address equity, diversity and inclusion in educational settings have been often met with overwhelmingly critical accounts pointing towards well-intentioned attempts that have reinforced exclusion and inequity. A new wave of recent developments among Canadian research-intensive universities (U15) is providing a slightly different account of universities’ involvement in addressing the needs of equity-seeking students. This paper presents data collected through policy analysis of 50 strategic documents from 15 Canadian universities from 2011-2018. The findings suggest that equity, diversity and inclusion activities have become a policy priority attached to a variety of institutional action plans and performance reports. As a result, there has been an increase in institutional strategic activities including institutional political commitment (e.g. new equity offices, new senior administration positions, mandatory training), student and faculty recruitment with programmatic and research supports (e.g. diversity admission policies, scholarships, access programs, curriculum changes), accompanied by broader efforts to create supportive institutional climates (e.g. student advisors, awards, celebrations). Inconsistencies emerged amongst how equity is defined in policy documents, resulting in either redistributive or inclusive practices in equity, diversity, and inclusion initiatives.
Flower-like patterns in multi-species bacterial colonies
Authors: Xiong Liyang , Cao Yuansheng , Cooper Robert , Rappel Wouter-Jan , Hasty Jeff , Tsimring Lev
Published: January 2020

Diverse interactions among species within bacterial colonies lead to intricate spatiotemporal dynamics, which can affect their growth and survival. Here, we describe the emergence of complex structures in a colony grown from mixtures of motile and non-motile bacterial species on a soft agar surface. Time-lapse imaging shows that non-motile bacteria 'hitchhike' on the motile bacteria as the latter migrate outward. The non-motile bacteria accumulate at the boundary of the colony and trigger an instability that leaves behind striking flower-like patterns. The mechanism of the front instability governing this pattern formation is elucidated by a mathematical model for the frictional motion of the colony interface, with friction depending on the local concentration of the non-motile species. A more elaborate two-dimensional phase-field model that explicitly accounts for the interplay between growth, mechanical stress from the motile species, and friction provided by the non-motile species, fully reproduces the observed flower-like patterns.
Nanopore direct RNA sequencing maps the complexity of Arabidopsis mRNA processing and m6A modification
Authors: Parker Matthew T , Knop Katarzyna , Sherwood Anna V , Schurch Nicholas J , Mackinnon Katarzyna , Gould Peter D , Hall Anthony JW , Barton Geoffrey J , Simpson Gordon G
Published: January 2020

Understanding genome organization and gene regulation requires insight into RNA transcription, processing and modification. We adapted nanopore direct RNA sequencing to examine RNA from a wild-type accession of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and a mutant defective in mRNA methylation (m6A). Here we show that m6A can be mapped in full-length mRNAs transcriptome-wide and reveal the combinatorial diversity of cap-associated transcription start sites, splicing events, poly(A) site choice and poly(A) tail length. Loss of m6A from 3’ untranslated regions is associated with decreased relative transcript abundance and defective RNA 3′ end formation. A functional consequence of disrupted m6A is a lengthening of the circadian period. We conclude that nanopore direct RNA sequencing can reveal the complexity of mRNA processing and modification in full-length single molecule reads. These findings can refine Arabidopsis genome annotation. Further, applying this approach to less well-studied species could transform our understanding of what their genomes encode.
Genome-wide investigation and transcriptional analysis of cytosine-5 DNA methyltransferase and DNA demethylase gene families in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) under abiotic stress and withering processing
Authors: Zhu Chen , Zhang Shuting , Zhou Chengzhe , Chen Lan , Fu Haifeng , Li Xiaozhen , Lin Yuling , Lai Zhongxiong , Guo Yuqiong
Published: January 2020

DNA methylation is a highly conserved epigenetic modification involved in many biological processes, including growth and development, stress response, and secondary metabolism. In the plant kingdom, cytosine-5 DNA methyltransferase (C5-MTase) and DNA demethylase (dMTase) genes have been identified in some plant species. However, to the best of our knowledge, no investigator has focused on the identification and analysis of C5-MTase and dMTase genes in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on genome-wide levels. In this study, eight CsC5-MTases and four dMTases were identified in tea plants. These CsC5-MTase genes were divided into four subfamilies, including CsMET, CsCMT, CsDRM and CsDNMT2. The CsdMTase genes can be classified into CsROS, CsDME and CsDML. Based on conserved domain analysis of these genes, the gene loss and duplication events occurred during the evolution of CsC5-MTase and CsdMTase. Furthermore, multiple cis-acting elements were observed in the CsC5-MTase and CsdMTase, including light responsiveness, phytohormone responsiveness, stress responsiveness, and plant growth and development-related elements. Then, we investigated the transcript abundance of CsC5-MTase and CsdMTase under abiotic stress (cold and drought) and withering processing (white tea and oolong tea). Notably, most CsC5-MTases, except for CsCMT1 and CsCMT2, were significantly downregulated under abiotic stress, while the transcript abundance of all four CsdMTase genes was significantly induced. Similarly, the same transcript abundance of CsC5-MTase and CsdMTase was found during withering processing of white tea and oolong tea, respectively. In total, our findings will provide a basis for the roles of CsC5-MTase and CsdMTase in response to abiotic stress and the potential functions of these two gene families in affecting tea flavor during tea withering processing.
Turismo Gastronômico como objeto de pesquisa: análise das publicações em periódicos brasileiros (2005-2017)
Authors: Gimenes Minasse Maria Henriqueta Sperandio Garcia
Published: January 2020

Este artigo busca compreender como a pesquisa sobre o Turismo Gastronômico vem se desenvolvendo, a partir da análise da produção científica publicada em periódicos brasileiros dedicados ao turismo e à hospitalidade com avaliação Qualis CAPES igual ou superior à B5; identifica os periódicos que publicaram estudos sobre o tema; verifica a distribuição dos artigos por estrato Qualis, por periódico, por ano e por temáticas/subtemáticas; identifica os procedimentos metodológicos; caracteriza o perfil dos autores que se dedicam ao tema com assiduidade. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada em princípios da análise de conteúdo (Bardin 2011), com corpus analítico de 89 artigos publicados entre 2005 e 2017. Principais resultados: as Revistas Rosa dos Ventos e Turismo em Análise publicaram o maior número de artigos; 24,71% dos artigos pertencem ao estrato B1/Qualis; o ápice de publicações foi 2017 (16,85%). Foram identificadas 8 temáticas e 11 subtemáticas, destacando-se Gastronomia como Atrativo Turístico e Turismo de Bebidas. Turismo de Bebidas/enoturismo foi a temática mais desenvolvida (28,09%). Os descritivos metodológicos são, de maneira geral, superficiais, com prevalência de pesquisas qualitativas (92,14%). Pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas são as estratégias de coleta de dados mais utilizadas. Poucos pesquisadores (13,20%) publicaram dois ou mais artigos sobre o tema.
Validation of an Indicator Model (INCODIES) for Assessing Student Digital Competence in Basic Education
Authors: García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso Ana , Casillas Martín Sonia , Basilotta Gómez-Pablos Verónica
Published: January 2020

Digital competence is a basic skill for citizens and should be systematically assessed, taking into account characteristics such as knowledge, skills and attitudes. However, measuring and identifying the digital competence of students is still a major challenge. To this end, the indicator model (INCODIES) has been developed and validated following the structure of the DIGCOMP model, which can be used to create assessment tests that measure student digital competence when they have completed their compulsory education. This article presents the results of a process of content validation carried out by 77 experts, in both the school and the university context. The analysis of the experts’ assessments and the level of agreement among those rating them were carried out following an original method which consists of determining a quantitative index for the validity of content called the Content Validity Ratio (CVR). The results obtained allowed us to confirm that the competences included in the reference framework DIGCOMP are correctly represented in the items formulated for the INCODIES model, which obtained high content validity. The model can serve as a structure and basis for the designing of specific evaluation tests on this topic.
Reflection on the Dangers of ‘cultural racism’ in Intercultural Education
Authors: Bekerman Zvi
Published: January 2020

This paper assesses the dangers of the use of the concept ‘culture’ in present political and educational rhetoric. The first section offers a critique of the use of the term ‘culture’ in the so-called intercultural educational efforts. It asserts that ‘culture’ in its present use is a proxy for ‘race’ and supports views, which ignore diversity and suggest, purposely or not, an homogeneity which can easily spread into the sphere of biological resemblances and differences. The paper, then, identifies possible alternative understandings of culture through the examination of the contribution of anthropology to cultural research. In the last section of the paper suggestions are made to overcome current approaches to intercultural education through a call to diversify the understanding of diversity to include not only ethnic/cultural differences but also, physical, and cognitive ones. To achieve this goal a turn to the ontological and the training of teachers as ‘critical experts of design’ is suggested.
Effects of Poultry Manure, N. P. K Fertilizer and Their Combination on the Growth and Yield of Sweet Pepper
Authors: Snr P. Atta Poku , Kyere C. G. , Jnr P. A. Poku , Oppong E. , Twumasi G.
Published: January 2020

The objective of the experiment was to investigate the influence of organic (poultry) manure, inorganic manure (N.P.K) and their combination on the growth and yield of sweet pepper in the transitional zone of Ghana. The experiment was conducted at the research field of the College of Agriculture Education, University of Education Winneba, Mampong campus in 2017. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) which consisted of four treatments with 4 replications. The treatment groups were: Control (no soil amendment), 10 t/ha PM, 300 kg/ha N.P.K, and 5 t/ha PM + 150 kg/ha N.P.K. All the treatments were given fair and equal attention in terms of watering, weeding and disease and pest control. The result showed that 10 t/ha PM recorded (P=.05) the tallest plant height, greater number of leaves and leaf area per plant, days taken for 50% bud appearance and flowering, the highest number of flowers per plant and the minimum days to fruit set, highest number of fruit set minimum days to harvesting with the control been the least in all traits. Similarly, 10 t/ha PM recorded (P=.05) had the highest number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and fruit yield while the control treatment recorded the least in all traits. This study concludes that the application of poultry manure improves the productivity of sweet pepper. This study recommends that 10 t/ha PM is an ideal for maximum vegetative growth and yield of sweet pepper.