bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response Pattern and Risk Factor of Relapse in Children with First Attack Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Shanta Shamsun Nahar , Begum Afroza , Uddin Golam Muin , Roy Ranjit Ranjan , Huque Syed Saimul , Jesmin Tahmina , Mamun Abdullah-Al , Sharmim Mst Shanjida , Khan Ashiqur Rahman
Published: June 2023

Background:

Most patients with idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome have frequent relapses. So, it is very important to find out such children who are prone to develop frequent relapses. The objective of this study is to find out the predictors of relapse.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective longitudinal study was carried out in the Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from September 2015 to August 2016. A total of 110 patients of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) with the initial attack, aged 1–18 years, were enrolled in this study. All patients were treated with prednisolone 60 mg/m2/day, single morning dose for 6 weeks, followed by 40 mg/m2 every alternate day for another 6 weeks. Among 110 patients, seven patients were lost during follow-up, and six patients were excluded from this study due to unresponsive to oral prednisolone 60 mg/m2/day within 4 weeks. The remaining 97 were analyzed and followed up.

Results:

Among them, 59 (60.9%) were males, 38 (39.1%) were females, with a male:female ratio of 1.5:1. Twenty-nine (29.9%) children had no relapse, 24 (24.7%) had infrequent relapse, and 44 (45.3%) had frequent relapse. Children responding between 2 and 4 weeks after the start of treatment had a more chance of relapse (P = 0.002) than those who responded less than 1 week. Children with INS who had respiratory tract infection at onset had 4.4 times more chance of relapse. Children with low serum albumin (<15 g/L) at onset had 2.1 times more chance of relapse.

Conclusions:

There was significant correlation of INS associated with male sex, delayed response to steroid treatment, respiratory tract infection at onset, and severe hypoalbuminemia with more relapse.
Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
Authors: Roy Ranjit Ranjan , Sultana Nadira , Jesmin Tahmina , Mamun Abdullah Al , Kakon Kaosary Khan , Akbar Romana , Sharmim Mst Shanjida , Huque Syed Saimul , Uddin Golam Muin , Begum Afroza
Published: June 2023

Background:

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerular disease in childhood. With corticosteroids, 80%–85% of children achieve remission, although 10%–15% remain refractory or develop steroid resistance in NS. Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) management is difficult due to its varied etiology, frequent lack of remission induced by immunosuppressive treatment, and consequences including drug toxicity, infections, thrombosis, end-stage kidney disease, and recurrence following renal transplantation. Renal histology and genetic mutation play an important role in the management of SRNS. Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) is the first-line drug of SRNS. In CNI-resistant and multidrug-resistant cases, rituximab and newer drugs are a good option. There is a 35%–50% chance of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in SRNS, and supportive measures are required in that case. Few studies have described clinical characteristics, renal biopsy patterns, and treatment outcomes in Bangladeshi children with SRNS. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics at diagnosis, histological pattern, immunosuppressive therapy, and patient outcomes after immunosuppressive medication.

Materials and Methods:

All the records of children (1–18 years old) with idiopathic NS who had been followed up in the Pediatric Nephrology Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), from January 2019 to December 2021 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results:

Among 606 NS cases during the study period, 90 cases (14.85%) were SRNS. Males comprised 70% of the population, whereas females made up 30%. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 76.21 ± 51.55 months. Hematuria was found in 35.5% of cases, hypertension in 40.8%, and impaired renal function in 34.2% at the time of presentation. Children had primary resistance in 65.7% of cases. Biopsy report was found in 65 cases. The most common histopathological pattern were minimal change disease (MCD) (43.08%) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (38.46%). Complete remission was achieved in 66% of cases, and 14% developed CKD. Renal impairment and mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN) increased the risk for CKD. Patients who received CNI or CNI and mycophenolate mofetil had a higher rate of complete remission.

Conclusion:

Hypertension and hematuria were prevalent in SRNS children. Most lesions were MCD. CNI or combination therapy remissioned more children. Renal impairment at presentation and non-MCD lesion increased CKD risk (FSGS and MesPGN). Long-term follow-up is needed to confirm poorer renal survival.
Role of transcranial Doppler ultrasound as a predictor of outcome in severe traumatic brain injury and its correlation with full outline of unresponsiveness score
Authors: El-Morsy Amr A. , Dahroug Amr H. , Elfaham Ahmed A.
Published: June 2023

Intro

duction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem. It is considered to be one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. After TBI, cerebral blood flow (CBF) becomes extremely low approaching ischemic thresholds. Concurrently, CBF velocities become strongly correlated to CBF itself post injury. Identification of such hemodynamic disturbances can be used to predict outcome in severe TBI when measured immediately postinjury using transcranial Doppler (TCD). TCD permits noninvasive assessment of different CBF velocities as well as pulsatility index (PI). Abnormal measurement of such indices is believed to correlate to poor outcome.

Objective

The aim of this work was to assess the predictive value of early TCD in patients with severe TBI and to correlate different TCD measurements with full outline of unresponsiveness (FOUR) score.

Patients and methods

In total, 74 patients with severe TBI, according to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), underwent TCD within 24 h posttrauma. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) velocities and pulsatility index (PI), as well as other clinical and neuroimaging data, were recorded and accordingly patients were divided into three groups: patients with normal TCD measurements, patients with hypoperfusion, and patients with vasospasm. Hypoperfusion was defined by meeting two out of three criteria: mean flow velocity of MCA less than 35 cm/s, end-diastolic velocity of MCA less than 20 cm/s, and PI more than 1.4. Vasospasm was defined as mean flow velocity more than 120 cm/s. Outcome was evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended at 3 months, as well as in-hospital mortality. TCD measurements were also correlated to GCS and FOUR score.

Results

There was a significant correlation between PI and Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended at 3 months. There was also significant correlation between PI and mortality. Strong negative correlation was recognized between PI and FOUR scores. Patients with hypoperfusion showed worst GCS and FOUR score and patients with vasospasm group showed worst Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score between all groups.

Conclusion

PI, when measured within the first 24 h posttrauma, is considered a good predictor of mortality as well as functional outcome at 3 months. PI values were associated with moderate negative correlation with the severity of injury FOUR score.
Clinical experience with the use of inhaled isopropyl alcohol to treat nausea and vomiting: A narrative review
Authors: Amaya Sebastian , Kalsotra Sidhant , Tobias Joseph D. , Olbrecht Vanessa A.
Published: June 2023

Isopropyl alcohol (IA) is a colorless, flammable organic compound that has been used in the manufacturing process of a wide variety of industrial and household chemicals. Inhalation of its vapor has been noted to potentially have antiemetic effects, which may be useful in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). However, given the varied study protocols and endpoints assessing its efficacy as antiemetic, clinical trials have yielded mixed results. If effective, inhalation of IA may be a cost-effective, readily available, and inexpensive therapy that can be used for the treatment of PONV with a low risk of adverse effects. The following narrative review explores the available information regarding the mechanism of action of IA in treating PONV, presents clinical information including possible mechanism of action and clinical applications, and reviews the published literature on its efficacy to treat nausea and vomiting with a focus on its use postoperatively. While early studies suggested that inhaled IA may be successful for the short-term treatment of PONV compared with placebo, subsequent studies both in and out of the operating room (OR) have reported conflicting results. In general, studies in the perioperative setting have provided some evidence to support the use of inhaled IA in alleviating or reducing the severity of PONV in adults. In particular, inhaled IA may have a more rapid onset compared with traditional antiemetic agents, but the clinical effect has generally been found to be short-lived. The results outside of the OR and perioperative setting have been somewhat more favorable, generally showing that inhaled IA reduces nausea and vomiting of various etiologies in adults in the emergency department setting. Similarly, it has been shown to reduce the need for rescue antiemetic agents in this area and thus may be considered a cost-cutting strategy with no reported adverse effects. The available literature suggests that inhaled IA may be considered a potential therapy to achieve rapid relief of PONV and assist in the management of nausea and vomiting in adult patients outside of the perioperative setting. There remain insufficient data to determine how inhaled IA may impact PONV in children. Given the mixed results and the limitations of the current studies, additional data are needed to draw firm conclusions regarding the utility of inhaled IA.
Anesthesiological management of Brugada syndrome patients: A systematic review
Authors: Cuttone Giuseppe , Martucci Gennaro , Napoli Ruggero , Tigano Stefano , Arcadipane Antonio , Pappalardo Federico , Sanfilippo Filippo
Published: June 2023

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a major risk factor for sudden cardiac death and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Several drugs are contraindicated in patients with BrS, including some commonly administered drugs during anesthesia or in the perioperative period; however, there is still a paucity of evidence regarding BrS and common anesthetic pharmaceuticals. We conducted a systematic literature search (PubMed, updated October 10, 2022), including all studies reporting pharmacological management of BrS patients during anesthesia or intensive care, with a specific focus on proarrhythmic effects and possible pharmacological interactions in the context of BrS. The search revealed 44 relevant items, though only three original studies. Two randomized controlled studies were identified, one comparing propofol and etomidate for the induction of general anesthesia and one investigating lidocaine with or without epinephrine for local anesthesia; there was also one prospective study without a control group. The other studies were case series (n = 5, for a total of 19 patients) or case reports (n = 36). Data are reported on a total population of 199 patients who underwent general or local anesthesia. None of the studies evaluated BrS patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). We found the studies focusing on the pharmacological management of BrS patients undergoing general or local anesthesia to be of generally poor quality. However, it appears that propofol can be used safely, without an increase in arrhythmic events. Regional anesthesia is possible, and lidocaine might be preferred over longer-acting local anesthetics. Considering the quality of the included studies and their anecdotal evidence, it seems increasingly important to conduct large multicenter studies or promote international registries with high-quality data on the anesthesiological management of these patients.
Pulsed radiofrequency to stellate ganglion for brachial plexus injury-induced complex regional pain syndrome: A case series
Authors: Kumar Ajit , Bhandari Baibhav , Mahiswar Aditya , Sharma Ravi S. , Purohit Gaurav
Published: June 2023

Brachial plexus injury (BPI) occurs commonly in young adults following trauma. This may result in the development of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) following injury, which is difficult to treat. We present a group of patients with CRPS secondary to BPI. These patients were managed with neuromodulation of the stellate ganglion (SG) with pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) and followed up for a period of 3 months to assess for pain relief and a decrease in the intake of medications after the intervention. PRF to SG was found to have significant pain relief lasting around three months.
Effect of total fasting hours on the overall quality of recovery after surgery: An observational study
Authors: Alsharkh Wejdan S. , Aljuaid Mohammad , Huda Anwar U. , Bawazir Atheer , Alharbi Abdullah , Alharbi Nouf
Published: June 2023

Context:

Preoperative fasting is one of the pre-requisite for patients undergoing a surgery. Despite clear instructions, patients frequently fast for extended periods before elective surgeries. Longer periods of fasting may cause discomfort, thirst, hunger, and other physiological problems.

Aims:

To assess the quality of postoperative recovery among adult patients having different preoperative fasting hours by using the postoperative Quality of Recovery40 (QoR40) score.

Settings and Design:

This was an observational study that was conducted for adult patients undergoing elective surgery during four weeks between 19th September and 13th October 2022 at Security Forces Hospital Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods and Material:

We excluded pediatric patients, patients undergoing spine or neurosurgery, emergency cases, or local anesthesia cases. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used in this study. The postoperative quality of recovery-40 (QoR-40) questionnaire was distributed among 200 patients.

Statistical Analysis Used:

All analyses were performed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) v25. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, median, and IQR) were used for the questionnaire’s variables. The difference between the variables was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, and a P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Out of 200 patients, 172 patients responded but 16 responses were excluded. A total of 156 adult patients’ responses were included in this study. The majority were female (53%), 31% were older than 45 years. More than 50% of patients reported fasting for more than 6 hours for drinking and more than 8 hours for eating. On the positive scale, the comfort score was significantly affected by the fasting hours for drinking (P value = 0.045). On the negative scale of the questionnaire, the emotions were significantly affected by fasting hours for both drinking (P value = 0.027) and eating (P value = 0.043).

Conclusions:

The study results showed better comfort for patients with lesser fasting hours for drinking. Moreover, the results strongly suggest the need of following the fasting guidelines without prolonging the fasting duration. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.
Predictive factors of success and failure for intravenous ketamine therapy in patients suffering from chronic neuropathic pain
Authors: Gargori Nezar M. B. , Alahwal Hazem , Vacheron Charles-Herve , Alam Farouq Mohammad A.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Intravenous (IV) ketamine is used for chronic neuropathic pain refractory to other treatments. Administration of such a medication requires high-cost services while the result is not always satisfactory with a significant percentage of failure. Success and failure are related to some factors.

Method:

In this study, we aim to point the most responsive disease category to IV ketamine and the predictive factors for successful and failed treatment. Two hundred and sixty-nine patients out of 371 were included. Demographic, clinical, and therapy-related variables were retrospectively collected and then statistically analyzed using various descriptive and inferential methods. A few descriptive statistics are obtained for the variables depending on their nature (e.g., percentages for qualitative variables and means for quantitative variables). Furthermore, several inferential methods are considered to address some statistical points of interest, including, but not limited to, odds ratio interpretations via logistic regression as well as association and correlation analyses.

Results:

A significant association was found between the presence of intermittent pain pattern as well as the pain of chronic primary category and favorable response to IV ketamine while the history of previous analgesic interventions was significantly associated with a negative response.

Conclusion:

The identified factors can be used to prospectively study the efficacy of ketamine using selection criteria based on the observed results in our study to re-evaluate the percentage of responsiveness according to these new parameters.
Evaluation of patient satisfaction about the use of regional anesthesia for cesarean section in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shaaib Hassan , Al Shammari Mazen , Alyatimi Salem , Algarzai Mashari , Alshehri Omar , Altwigri Ziad , Alboqami Marzooq , Alanazi Faisal , Al-Otaibi Abdulrahman
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim:

Regional anesthesia for cesarean delivery has become a popular choice due to with its immediate effect and high frequency of effective blockage. However, patient satisfaction is a critical indicator of anesthetic care quality. This research aimed to determine the mothers’ satisfaction levels after they had an elective or emergency cesarean section under regional anesthesia.

Materials and Methods:

This noninterventional, descriptive, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included 327 participants to evaluate patients’ satisfaction with regional anesthesia for cesarean section in Saudi Arabia. The research employed descriptive analysis and a modified Likert scale to assess maternal satisfaction. The study considered a P value of ≤0.05 to decide statistical significance.

Results:

The respondents’ overall satisfaction with regional anesthesia services were rated high, and 198 (60.6%) were satisfied with recommending regional anesthesia to others, while only 28 (8.6%) disagreed with recommending regional anesthesia to others. Most participants scored higher satisfaction rates in all areas of the study. About 233 (71.7%) reported satisfaction concerning the anesthesia staff for patients’ privacy; nearly 226 (69.1%) agreed with the level of professionalism of the anesthesia team. Also, 253 (77.4%) were satisfied with the anesthesia team’s politeness.

Conclusion:

Our study concluded that a higher satisfaction rate is associated with regional anesthesia among participants who underwent cesarean section.
External oblique muscle plane blocks in combination with modified thoracoabdominal nerves block through perichondrial approach for analgesia in abdominal surgery: A case report
Authors: Ohgoshi Yuichi , Mizuguchi-Tate Aki , Kawagoe Izumi
Published: June 2023

The costal and lateral external oblique muscle plane (EXOP) blocks anesthetize the lateral cutaneous branches, whereas the modified thoracoabdominal nerves block through perichondrial approach (M-TAPA) anesthetizes the anterior branches of the thoracoabdominal nerves. Herein, we report two cases of successful perioperative pain management with the combination of these blocks: case 1 was a 67-year-old man who underwent open cholecystectomy and case 2 was a 38-year-old woman who underwent emergency laparoscopic surgery for strangulation ileus. Both patients were administered the costal and/or lateral EXOP blocks along with bilateral M-TAPA for perioperative analgesia. A pin-prick test performed 1 h after surgery revealed that the cutaneous sensory block covered all areas of the abdominal surgical field. Combined use of these blocks can be a new local analgesic strategy for abdominal surgery.
TAScope-guided rapid sequence intubation of a case of retrognathia with a history of failed intubation
Authors: Chari Alankrita , Tejesh C A , Sudarshan K Shruthi
Published: June 2023

A 72-year-old female with symptomatic cholelithiasis was posted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She had been previously posted for the same surgery at a different center, but the surgery was not performed due to failed intubation. On airway examination, reduced thyromental distance, prominent incisors, and retrognathia were observed. We planned and executed rapid sequence intubation under videolaryngoscope guidance using The Anaesthetist Society Scope, and the surgery proceeded uneventfully. At the end of the surgery, she was extubated over a bougie, observed, and shifted out without complications.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy following head and neck surgery: Can the fear of disfigurement be blamed?
Authors: Rathod Darshana KirtiKumar , Sharma Ankur , Sharma Nivedita , Kaushik Atul , Karmakar Shilpi
Published: June 2023

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is accompanied by transitory left ventricular dysfunction without substantial coronary artery disease. A history of acute physical or mental stress typically precedes such a presentation. We want to highlight a case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in the early postoperative period in a young female patient who underwent extensive surgery for buccal mucosal carcinoma. The onset of this cardiomyopathy can be ascribed to a fear of disfigurement and prolonged surgical stress.
Cobordism distance on the projective space of the knot concordance group
Authors: Livingston Charles
Published: June 2023

We use the cobordism distance on the smooth knot concordance group
$\mathcal {C}$
to measure how close two knots are to being linearly dependent. Our measure,
$\Delta (\mathcal {K}, \mathcal {J})$
, is built by minimizing the cobordism distance between all pairs of knots,
$\mathcal {K}'$
and
$\mathcal {J}'$
, in cyclic subgroups containing
$\mathcal {K}$
and
$\mathcal {J}$
. When made precise, this leads to the definition of the projective space of the concordance group,
${\mathbb P}(\mathcal {C})$
, upon which
$\Delta $
defines an integer-valued metric. We explore basic properties of
${\mathbb P}(\mathcal {C})$
by using torus knots
$T_{2,2k+1}$
. Twist knots are used to demonstrate that the natural simplicial complex
$\overline {({\mathbb P}(\mathcal {C}), \Delta )}$
associated with the metric space
${\mathbb P}(\mathcal {C})$
is infinite-dimensional.
Existence of standing and traveling waves in quantum hydrodynamics with viscosity
Authors: Zhelyazov Delyan
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we consider two quantum hydrodynamics systems with linear and nonlinear viscosity. For the former, we prove existence of standing waves; moreover, global existence of traveling waves is proved without restrictions on the viscosity and dispersion parameters, thanks to a suitable Lyapunov function. This is an improvement with respect to the global existence result by Lattanzio, Marcati, and Zhelyazov [Phys. D 402 (2020), 132222], where it was required that the viscosity is sufficiently strong. In addition, we discuss existence of standing waves for the latter system.
PEMILIHAN PORTOFOLIO CRYPTOCURRENCY: (BITCOIN, YEARN.FINANCE, DOGECOIN, BINANCE COIN, CARDANO, DAN MONERO)
Authors: Putri Anatasya Pratiwi , Yusnita Raja Ria , Mochtar Raja Ade Fitrasari
Published: June 2023

Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that can be used for transaction tools, using cryptography so that it is difficult to counterfeit. The crypto does not have a physical form, but can still be used as a digital asset. This study aims to determine an efficient portfolio of several cryptocurrencies by forming an Efficient Frontier Line. The efficient frontier line is formed by determining the risk and return of 6 cryptocurrencies, namely Bitcoin, Dogecoin, Yearn.finance, Binance Coin, Monero and Cardano. The technique used to select the sample is direct observation or observation of the prices of 6 cryptocurrencies for the period January-December 2021. In addition, literature studies through journals, news related to cryptocurrencies are also used. To form an efficient portfolio model, this study uses quantitative and qualitative analysis. The result of this study is that there are investment options for investors who like risk, choosing the proportion that maximizes profits with high risk. For investors who do not like high risk, they can choose the minimum proportion, and for moderate investors who can accept the risk of an equal proportion can choose a random proportion. Based on the results of the 3 proportions that will be chosen by investors, Bitcoin is one of the cryptocurrencies that is always chosen to invest because Bitcoin is a crypto that produces efficient returns and risks even though the risk in Bitcoin is quite high at certain returns.Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Risk, Return
Practical training in educational organizations of Roszheldor in 2021-2022
Authors: Starykh O. V. , Sladkova T. N.
Published: June 2023

The organization and conduct of the practice of students of Roszheldor in specialized organizations are considered. Documentary materials of the organization and conduct of the practice, annual reports submitted to the Federal Agency for Railway Transport were used. Some statistical data on the results of testing practice in specialized organizations are given.

The main points of checking practical training are analyzed. Practical training in terms of practice is the most complex form of the educational process, both in organizational and methodological terms. The difficulty lies in the ability of the organizers of the practice to combine the interests of the specialized and educational organizations, to adapt the learning process to practical tasks. Verification of practical training in terms of practice is checked in two directions in educational organizations and at railway transport infrastructure facilities.

There is an increase in the number of full-time students of secondary vocational education who have practiced at paid jobs.

Currently, there is no information about the demand for personnel by enterprises in the coming years, which may affect the state of the vocational education system, and this, in turn, will have an impact on the development of social partnership between educational organizations and employers. Based on the cooperation of educational and specialized organizations, including the creation of training and production clusters, it is important to explore new opportunities for innovative trends, taking into account established traditions.
Problems of recovery of lost profits in the organization of freight rail transportation
Authors: Razumova O. Yu. , Basyrov I. M.
Published: June 2023

The interests of clients of the railway industry and Russian Railways in matters of recovery and compensation for “lost profits” and “lost opportunities” are not considered and regulated in laws and by-laws regarding railway transportation. Claim work is based on compensation for real damage both from users of railway transport services and from the Russian Railways holding.

An algorithm for the formation, submission and resolution of claims in the provision of rail transportation services is considered. The functionality of the personal account for the clients of JSC “Russian Railways” of the project “Electronic Claimant” was analyzed. The importance of developing a basic formula that takes into account the factors affecting the amount of lost profits is indicated. The existing scheme for conducting recourse work to recover losses of Russian Railways JSC is given and a scheme for conducting claim work to compensate for lost profits of Russian Railways JSC on the basis of a unified automated system of act and claim work is presented. It is proposed as a basis for further elaboration of this issue, a mechanism for rebilling in the event of final losses from a failed transportation for clients of the Russian Railways holding. The expediency of applying a possible replacement transaction when the company finds another counterparty is also considered. The application of these measures will make it possible to create equal competitive conditions in the market for all customers and the Russian Railways holding.
Features of ensuring transport security of transport infrastructure facilities and railway transport vehicles in the transportation of highly dangerous goods
Authors: Yarygin S. V.
Published: June 2023

The system of ensuring transport security in railway transport is considered, aimed at reducing the risk of committing acts of unlawful interference, including terrorist acts, using weapons, explosives and other dangerous substances, by limiting their carrying by the offender to transport infrastructure facilities and vehicles.

A list of high-risk goods transported by rail is given. The normative documents regulating transport security are analyzed. The minimum number of posts of the transport security unit for the transport infrastructure facility has been determined.

Measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the transport security system are presented.
Minat Remaja Dalam Mengikuti Kajian Keagamaan
Authors: Rizal Syamsul
Published: June 2023

Tulisan ini membahas tentang Minat Remaja Dalam Mengikuti Kajian Keagamaan di MasjidKhairul Bariyyah. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi,metode wawancara, dan metode dokumentasi. Pembahan ini menceritakan minat remajadalam mengikuti kegiatan keagamaan ini sangat sangat berkurang bahwkan daya minta sudahtidak ada. Kajian ini diperlukan untuk menjadikan remaja sebagai pribadi yang lebih baik darisebelumnya, semua ini harus ada kerja sama semua remaja dan elemen masyarakat setempat.Hasil penelitian ini Menyarankan agar remaja mampu mengikuti serta berpartisipasi kearahyang lebih baik terutama dalam kegiatan keagamaan.
STRATEGI PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PADA USAHA DISTRIBUTOR FROZEN FISH NAMORA GROUP
Authors: Nugraha Simamora Andi , Muharrani Muharrani
Published: June 2023

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan strategi pemberdayaan ekonomi yang diterapkan oleh distributor frozen fish usaha dagang Namora Group. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah deskriftif kualitatif. Instrument yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu wawancara, pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah owner (pemilik) dan karyawan usaha dagang Namora Group. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukkan strategi dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat pada usaha distributor frozen fish usaha dagang (U.D) Namora Group, yaitu dengan melakukan: (1) identifikasi dan evaluasi kesempatan; (2) analisis segmen pasar dan memilih target pasar; (3) perencanaan dan pelaksanaan bauran pemasaran yang mampu memberikan nilai bagi pelanggan dan sesuai dengan goal dari organisasi itu sendiri, yaitu keunggulan strategi pemberdayaan ekonomi pada variabel produk (product), harga (price), promosi (promotion) dan lokasi (place); (4) analisis kemampuan kerja perusahaan.

Kata Kunci: Strategi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi, Distributor

Abstract

This study aims to explain the economic empowerment strategy implemented by the frozen fish distributors of the Namora Group trading business. The research approach is qualitative narrative. The instruments used in collecting data are interviews, observations and documentation. Namora Group. Data analysis used is data collection, data reduction, presentation and conclusion. From the results of this study, a strategy was found in empowering the community's economy in the frozen fish distributor business (U.D) Namora Group, namely by carrying out: (1) identification and evaluation of opportunities; (2) analysis of market segments and selecting target markets; (3) planning and implementing a marketing mix that is capable of providing value to customers and in accordance with the goals of the organization itself, namely the advantages of an economic empowerment strategy in the variables of product (product), price (price), promotion (promotion) and location (place); (4) analysis of the company's work capabilities.

Keywords: Economic Empowerment Strategy, Distributor
Pengembangan Instrument Minat Belajar IPA Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Iswanto Iswanto
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian adalah menghasilkan intrumen minat belajar IPA siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar yang memenuhi kriteria valid dan reliable. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini berupa instruments angket minat belajar IPA dengan subjek penelitian siswa SDN Karangrejo 02 dan SDN Cingklung Kecamatan Bancar Kabupaten Tuban. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan (R&D) dengan menerapkan model penelitian Plomp dengan lima tahapan meliputi (1) Fase Investigasi, (2) Desain, (3) Realisasi, (4) Evaluasi dan Revisi, (5) Implementasi. Instrumen yang dikembangkan berupa angket minat belajar IPA untuk siswa sekolah dasar dengan indicator perasaan senang, ketertarikandan perhatian siswa dalam belajar IPA. Uji Angket, dilakukan uji validasi butir mengunkan teknik korelasi aplikasi SPSS versi 23 dengan jumlah item pertanyaan 20 dan responden (N-24) dengan taraf signifikansi 5% (0,05) adalah 0,404 (R tabel). Diperoleh 13 item pernyataan yang valid dan 7 item pernyataan yang tidak valid.  Uji reliabilitas memiliki nilai Cronbach’s Alpha lebih dari 60% atau 0,6, yaitu 0,801 yang berarti angket tersebut dikatakan Reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan pada penelitian pengembangan instrument minat pada pebelajran IPA dengan menggunakan model plomp dapat disimpulkan bahwa instrument (angket) minat belajar IPA yang disusun sesuai indikator yang ditetapkan harus memenuhi katagori valid dan reliable. Angket minat belajar IPA untuk siswa sekolah dasar pada penelitian telah berhasil memenuhi syarat valid sesuai hasil analisis butir menggunakan program SPSS versi 23 memperoleh 13 soal katagori dengan r hitung > r tabel  serta reliabilitas memiliki nilai Cronbach’s Alpha lebih dari 70% atau 0,7, yaitu 0,801 yang berarti kuesioner tersebut dikatakan Reliabel.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak (Tax Avoidance)
Authors: Sulaeman Rachmat
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak (Tax Avoidance). Variabel dependen dalam penelitian berupa pengindaran pajak yang diukur dengan menggunakan cash effective tax rate (CETR). Penelitian ini memilih objek penelitian berupa laporan keuangan dari perusahaan sektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2014-2018. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 30 perusahaan yang diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas, dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan, maka semakin tinggi penghindaran pajak, namun dalam penelitian ini Leverage berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi leverage, maka semakin rendah penghindaran pajak.
Peningkatan Kinerja Bidang Kesehatan, Motivasi dan Pelayanan Prima
Authors: Madiistriyatno Harries , Setiawan Adi
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kinerja bidang kesehatan, motivasi dan pelayanan prima Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis statistic deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan ganda dengan mengedepankan pardigma ganda dua variabel bebas dan satu variabel terikat. masing-masing variabel adalah kinerja, hubungan diantara ketiganya, satu persatu maupun secara persamaan. analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis tersebut didapat persamaan regresi antara variabel motivasi dengan Kinerja Bidang Kesehatan adalah Y= 47,215+ 0,123X2 dan regresi ganda yang menyatakan hubungan antara variabel motivasi dan pelayanan prima secara bersama-sama dengan kinerja bidang kesehatan adalah Y= 27,594+ 0,370 X1+ 0,127X2. Dari hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh antara motivasi dengan kinerja bidang kesehatan di Puskesmas yang menjawab hipotesis penelitian yaitu ada pengaruh antara motivasi dengan kinerja bidang kesehatan, ada pengaruh pelayanan prima dengan kinerja bidang kesehatan, dan ada pengaruh motivasi dan pelayanan prima secara bersama-sama dengan kinerja bidang kesehatan di Puskesmas Tanjungsari Kabupaten Bogor.
Konsep Keadilan Restoratif dalam Penegakan Hukum Pidana Di Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Urrutab Muhammad Rafi
Published: June 2023

Penegakan keadilan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat memiliki arti yang sangat penting dalam upaya membangun peradaban bangsa yang tinggi dan bermartabat. Hal ini berkaitan erat dengan kondisi pandemi covid 19 yang masih terus meningkat dan menimbulkan banyak korban. Tidak hanya korban jiwa, tetapi juga berpengaruh pada aspek lainnya seperti kehidupan ekonomi, sosial masyarkat, pendidikan, sampai pada aspek keagamaan. Sejalan dengan hal itu, melalui Peraturan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif, instansi kejaksaan berupaya untuk mengedapankan nilai-nilai keadilan dalam uapaya menghasilkan produk hukum yang lebih berkeadilan dengan memerhatikan kondisi dari para pihak terutama korban dan pelaku kejahatan sehingga jalur pidana bukan satu-satunya jalan utama yang ditempuh. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan mengkaji beberapa rumusan permasalahan diantaranya adalah bagaimana konsep keadilan restoratif dalam Peraturan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif serta urgensinya dalam penegakan hukum pidana di masa pandemi Covid 19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yuridis-normatif dengan metode pengumpulan data yaitu studi pustaka dan analisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pendekatan filosofis yuridis. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu secara muatan hukum, Peraturan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif sudah cukup memenuhi aspek keadilan serta memenuhi prinsip-prinsip umum keadilan restoratif. Namun demikian, perlu adanya beberapa perbaikan seperti penjelasan terkait konteks kasuistik dalam Pasal 5 dan impelementasi peraturan bagi aparat penegak hukum agar senantiasa mengedepankan hati nurani sehingga penegakan hukum di Indonesia kedepan semakin baik serta mampu mengembalikan kepercayaan publik dalam upaya penegakan hukum dan keadilan. Selain itu, di tengah masa pandemi, konsep ini sejalan dengan aturan pemerintah dalam upaya menanggulangi pandemi covid 19 sehingga tidak semua kejahatan harus diselesaikan secara pidana sebagaimana kondisi lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia yang sudah melebihi kapasitas.
Penanganan Rehabilitasi Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa Di Panti Renceng Mose, Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Adelian Isabela Dibyacitta , Pujaastawa Ida Bagus Gde , Sudiarna I Gusti Putu
Published: June 2023

Di Mangggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur masih sering dijumpai fenomena Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ) yang kurang mendapat perhatian dari keluarga. ODGJ berkeliaran di jalanan dan menjadi bahan ejekan. Bahkan, keluarga cenderung menganggap ODGJ sebagai aib yang memalukan, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya kesalahan dalam penanganan terhadap ODGJ, yakni pemasungan. Upaya penanganan ODGJ dapat dilakukan melalui rehabilitasi dengan tujuan untuk mempersiapkan dan memampukan ODGJ hidup mandiri di masyarakat. Di Manggarai, Renceng Mose merupakan tempat rehabilitasi bagi ODGJ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan fenomena rehabilitasi ODGJ dan implikasinya terhadap ODGJ serta keluarganya. Penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif ini membahas tentang persepsi orang Manggarai terhadap etiologi gangguan jiwa, faktor yang mempengaruhi proses dan mekanisme pengambilan keputusan sistem perawatan kesehatan ODGJ, dan implikasi penanganan rehabilitasi terhadap ODGJ dan keluarganya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penanganan rehabilitasi mampu mengembalikan ODGJ pada peran normalnya di masyarakat. Namun, stigma terhadap ODGJ dan keluarganya masih tetap ada, sehingga dapat menyebabkan ODGJ yang telah sembuh menjadi kambuh.
Determinan Ketimpangan Pendapatan Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta Tahun 2012-2020
Authors: Nabila Luluk Miftakhurrohmah , Laut Lorentino Togar
Published: June 2023

Kesejahteraan suatu masyarakat bukan hanya diukur berdasar tingkat besaran pendapatan nasional maupun pendapatan perkapitannya saja tetapi juga dilihat menurut alur pendistribusian pendapatan nasional itu sendiri mengalami ketimpangan atau tersebar secara merata. Bagi negara Indonesia, masalah ketimpangan sulit diatasi karena terdapat perbedaan pendapatan antara masyarakat perkotaan dan perdesaan. Di daerah perkotaan pendapatan yang diperoleh masyarakatnya jauh lebih besar dibanding di perdesaan dikarenakan adanya sokongan dari instansi maupun perusahaan besar sehingga bisa memperoleh upah yang didapat sebanding dengan roda perekonomiannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan-hubungan antar variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi, tingkat pengangguran terbuka dan bantuan sosial terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2012 – 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan RKPD Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan analisis data panel dengan menggunakan bantuan Eviews 10, penggunaan metode pada penelitian ini memakai metode random effect model (REM). Hasil penelitian menyatakan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan merupakan variabel tingkat pengangguran terbuka, variabel bansos tidak berpengaruh positif signifikan dan variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2012 – 2020.
Urgensi Pengesahan Rancangan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi Demi Mewujudkan Kepastian Hukum
Authors: Nurmalasari Nurmalasari
Published: June 2023

Pengumpulan dan penyebarluasan data pribadi merupakan pelanggaran terhadap privasi. Seseorang karena hak privasi mencakup hak menentukan memberikan atau tidak memberikan data pribadi. Namun demikian kurangnya pengaturan mengenai perlindungan data pribadi menyebabkan rentan terjadinya penyalahgunaan didunia maya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini guna melihat urgensi perlunya RUU Perlindungan Data Pribadi disahkan, serta menganalisis tawaran konsep RUU Perlindungan Data Pribadi guna untuk menjadikan landasan bagi penegak hukum. Metode penelitian ini yuridis normatif dengan metode pengumpulan data yaitu studi pustaka dan analisis secara deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RUU Perlindungan Data Pribadi memang perlu untuk segerah disahkan mengingat banyak hal yang mendorong RUU tersebut, diantaranya mengenai peningkatan kasus pembobolan data pribadi, melindungi dan menjamin hak dasar warga negara, serta agar memberikan kepastian hukum kepada warga negara. Sehingga dengan adanya RUU Perlindungan Data Pribadi ini dapat mengakomodir beberapa asas-asas hukum nasional, mulai dari keadilan, kepastian dan kemanfaatan hukum. Selanjutnya mengenai konsep RUU Perlindungan Data Pribadi merupakan upaya pemerintahan untuk membangun landasan atau aturan yang khusus dan komprehensif demi menjaga data pribadi khususnya mengenai hak privasi masyarakat Indonesia, terlebih lagi tuntutan di era kemajuan teknilogi membuat kejahatan semakin komplek dan tak terbatas.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Zoom Meeting Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS pada Masa Covid -19 Di SMP Shidqia Islamic School Bekasi
Authors: Putri Desiana Andika , Eriza Irvia
Published: June 2023

At this time, the world is facing the phenomenon of the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to minimize the spread of the Covid-19 virus, the government has taken a policy of Social Distancing, including policies in the field of education through the implementation of learning from home, physical distancing, study from home. the application of the zoom meeting method in the study from home process can provide effective learning such as related feedback, combining collaborative independent learning activities, and personalizing learning based on the needs of students using question and answer by communicating directly with educators. By still following the rules of Social Distancing. The purpose of this research is to find out whether there is an influence in the application of the zoom meeting method in the study from home process on the social studies learning outcomes for class VIII in SMP Shidqia Islamic School, this research method uses the experiment with the form of Pretest and Posttest assessment. The results of this study can be concluded that there is a Positive effect of using zoom meeting media on Social Sudies learning outcomes for class VIII in SMP Shidqia Islamic School, the percentage of the influence of the independent variable (Zoom Meeting) on the dependent variable (IPS Learning Outcomes) called the coefficient of determination / R square (R2) is 0.264, which implies that the influence of Zoom Meeting online learning media on social studies learning outcomes is 26.4 %.
Yaygın Mikotoksinler: Aflatoksinler, Okratoksin A, Fumonisinler, Deoksinivalenol ve Zearalenon
Authors: TOPTAŞ Öykü , ERKÖSE GENÇ Gonca
Published: June 2023

Mikotoksinler özellikle Aspergillus, Penicillium ve Fusarium cinsi mantarlar tarafından sentezlenen düşük moleküler ağırlığa sahip ikincil metabolitlerdir. Tarımsal açıdan önemli kabul edilen mikotoksinler; aflatoksinler, okratoksin A, fumonisinler, deoksinivalenol ve zearalenondur. Bu toksinler gıdalarda yaygın olarak bulunmaları, sağlık üzerine olumsuz etkileri ve gıda zinciri boyunca ekonomik kayıplara yol açmaları nedeniyle önem taşımaktadır. Moleküler yapıları çok çeşitli olan mikotoksinlerin insan ve hayvan sağlığı üzerine etkileri de değişkenlik göstermektedir. Toksisitelerine göre immün sistemi baskılayıcı, karsinojenik, teratojenik ya da mutajenik olarak sınıflandırılmaktadırlar. Farklı mikotoksinler hormonal sistemleri bozabilir, organlara zarar verebilir, immün sistemi baskılayabilir ya da kansere neden olabilir. Birçok ülkede tüketicileri korumak, gıda güvenliğini sağlamak ve mikotoksinlere maruziyeti mümkün olan en düşük seviyede tutabilmek amacıyla gıdalarda bulunabilecek mikotoksinler için limitler belirlenmiştir. Dünya çapında mikotoksinlere yönelik düzenlemeler yapan ülkelerin sayısında zamanla artış görülmüştür. Ayrıca resmi numune alım prosedürlerine ve uygulanan analitik metotlara önem verilerek daha yeni ve geniş kapsamlı yönetmelikler yürürlüğe girmiştir. Bu derlemede mikotoksinlerin insan ve hayvan sağlığı üzerine olumsuz etkilerinin incelenmesinin yanı sıra Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinde mikotoksinlerin bazı gıdalarda bulunmasına izin verilen en yüksek limit değerlerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.