bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impediments to Cybersecurity Policy Implementation in Organisations: Case Study of Windhoek, Namibia
Authors: WAIGANJO Iyaloo , OSAKWE Jude , AZETA Ambrose
Published: November 2024

The increasing dependence on digital infrastructure has exposed organisations to heightened risks of cyber-attacks, necessitating the implementation of comprehensive cybersecurity policies. These policies aim to safeguard organisational data by establishing security requirements, ranging from acceptable use and access controls to incident response and encryption protocols. However, despite the critical importance of these policies, their effective implementation often encounters significant challenges. This study investigates the impediments to cybersecurity policy implementation within Namibian organizations, focusing on the perspectives of IT managers and employees. Using a qualitative research approach, interviews were conducted with 8 IT managers and 12 employees across various organisations to identify the key obstacles faced in adhering to and enforcing these policies. The findings reveal that the major impediments include a lack of executive and leadership support, challenges with compliance and policy adherence by employees, insufficient training and awareness, budget and resource constraints, poor communication, and the influence of human factors. This research underscores the need for a multifaceted approach to overcoming these impediments, emphasizing the importance of strong leadership, continuous and practical training, adequate resource allocation, and transparent communication. Building a cybersecurity culture within organizations is essential to mitigate these challenges and ensure the effective implementation of cybersecurity policies, thereby enhancing organizational resilience against cyber threats. The study recommends that future research should expand the sample size to include a more diverse group of participants from various organizations and sectors across Namibia. This broader representation would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the issues, reveal sector-specific challenges, and ensure that the findings are more generalizable across different industries and contexts.
Strategies in Managing Disruptive Behavior: A Review of Research Studies
Authors: Mangarin Rey Avila , Comilang Karen Grace D.
Published: November 2024

This paper examined the different strategies in managing disruptive behavior of the pupils through review of related studies approach. Findings show that effective strategies include understanding disruptive behavior, proactive classroom management, positive behavioral interventions and support, restorative practices, social-emotional learning, collaborative problem-solving, and differentiated instruction and support.
Digital Transformation in Community Radio: Extending the Reach of Social Inclusion Efforts at Mathare FM, Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Maina Stephen Ndirangu , Simiyu Kennedy Njasi
Published: November 2024

This study explores the potential of Mathare FM, a community radio station in Nairobi’s Mathare slum, to enhance social inclusion through digital transformation. The main objectives were to assess how digital platforms can expand Mathare FM’s role in promoting social inclusion and to explore the perceptions of listeners and staff regarding the integration of these tools. Purposive sampling method was employed to select participants who could provide relevant insights regarding the station's social inclusion impact for Mathare residents. Grounded in Diffusion of Innovations Theory and Uses and Gratifications Theory, this research analyses the benefits of incorporating social media, mobile applications, and online streaming into the station’s operations. Data collected from the questionnaires were analysed using SPSS to perform descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. A descriptive research approach was used, combining questionnaires and interviews with a sample size of 400 members. Findings indicate that Mathare FM plays a significant role in promoting social inclusion, with 53% of respondents reporting high satisfaction with the station's community engagement efforts. Notably, 76% of respondents believe that digital platforms would facilitate greater engagement for marginalized groups, and 73% expressed a willingness to integrate these tools with traditional broadcasting. The study recommends developing a comprehensive digital strategy, enhancing social media engagement, and leveraging mobile applications to increase accessibility and interaction within the community.
ANÁLISE DOS ASPECTOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS E EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DO ABANDONO DO TRATAMENTO PARA LEISHMANIOSE TEGUMENTAR NA REGIÃO NORTE
Authors: Silva Tamires do Socorro Silva da , Santos Alessandra Santos dos , Silva Andressa Santa Brígida da , Pinheiro Bruno Gonçalves , Alves Tais Vanessa Gabbay , Silva Bruno José Martins da
Published: November 2024

O estudo tem como objetivo avaliar os aspectos epidemiológicos e sociais que podem estar relacionados ao abandono do tratamento da leishmaniose tegumentar (LT) na Região Norte do Brasil. Para isso, foram utilizadas informações do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) entre 2012 e 2022. As informações foram organizadas em planilhas no Excel para a análise de proporções e criação de figuras. Os resultados mostram que, no período de 2012 a 2022, foram registrados 84.165 novos casos de LT na Região Norte do Brasil, dos quais 3.367 foram caracterizados como abandono de tratamento. O Pará teve o maior número de casos, seguido pelo Amazonas. O abandono de tratamento foi mais prevalente entre homens (81%) e na faixa etária de 20-39 anos. O Estado do Amapá apresentou as maiores taxas de abandono, enquanto o Pará ocupou a segunda posição. Conclui-se que o Pará lidera em números de casos de LT, mas o Amapá apresenta as maiores taxas de abandono. O perfil dos pacientes que abandonam o tratamento é predominantemente masculino, com idade entre 20-39 anos e escolaridade de Ensino Fundamental incompleto. O estudo ressalta a necessidade de intervenções direcionadas a esse grupo específico para melhorar o tratamento da leishmaniose tegumentar.
O ABANDONO DIGITAL DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Costa Sandra Abadia Pereira Soares , Resende Adriano de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo investiga o fenômeno do abandono digital de crianças e adolescentes, explorando os desafios e consequências associados ao uso indiscriminado da tecnologia e mídias sociais por parte dessa faixa etária. O abandono digital ocorre quando crianças e adolescentes são expostos a riscos online, como bullying, predadores, exposição a conteúdo inadequado e vício em tecnologia, devido à falta de supervisão e orientação adequadas por parte dos pais e responsáveis. Este estudo visa compreender as causas subjacentes ao abandono digital, identificar seus impactos na saúde mental e bem-estar dos jovens e examinar as estratégias e políticas existentes para prevenir e mitigar esses riscos. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa busca trazer informações valiosas para pais, educadores, profissionais de saúde e formuladores de políticas, a fim de promover um uso saudável e responsável da tecnologia por parte das crianças e adolescentes.
A EMINÊNCIA DAS TECNOLOGIAS DISRUPTIVAS E OS DESAFIOS NA APLICAÇÃO DO DIREITO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Costa Lia Vitória Alves , Mader Renata Malachias Santos
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho tem como finalidade discorrer a eminência e o desenvolvimento das tecnologias disruptivas e os impactos causados na área do Direito do Trabalho, principalmente em sua aplicação a um caso concreto. O projeto objetiva trazer a real visão sobre essas novas tecnologias e a ausência de uma legislação específica para uma correta aplicação do direito. Este objetivo possui especial relevância, tendo em vista a contribuição para a segurança jurídica dos trabalhadores, trazendo a discussão sobre a correta subsunção e extinguirá uma interpretação errônea, que vem sendo atribuída acerca das tecnologias disruptivas que tanto tem contribuído para a classe trabalhadora. Ademais, para que a finalidade proposta nesse projeto seja alcançada com êxito, será necessária uma aprofundada pesquisa bibliográfica no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, em artigos científicos, doutrinas e outros livros, sejam eles físicos ou digitais. Por conseguinte, almeja-se atingir positivos resultados quanto à pesquisa aqui presente, de modo que seja reconhecida a economia disruptiva como forma de corroboração à revolução das atividades econômicas, quebrando as habituais formas de relações de emprego e como isso afeta o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro.
Impact of livestock activity on near-surface ground temperatures in central Mongolian grasslands
Authors: Zweigel Robin Benjamin , Dashtseren Avirmed , Temuujin Khurelbaatar , Sharkhuu Anarmaa , Webster Clare , Lee Hanna , Westermann Sebastian
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Grazing by livestock can alter the surface conditions at grassland sites, impacting the transfer of energy between the atmosphere and ground and consequentially ground temperatures. In this study, we investigate surface cover in summer and winter and measure ground surface temperatures over 14 months at sites in central Mongolia that feature different grazing intensities (intensely and ungrazed) and topographic aspects (north- and south-facing). Overall, intense grazing leads to a substantially reduced vegetation cover, altered snow conditions, and lack of surface litter accumulation. Comparing intensely grazed and ungrazed plots shows large seasonal differences in ground surface temperatures, with grazed plots being up to +5.1 °C warmer in summer and −5.4 °C colder in winter at a south-facing site. We also find that the effect of grazing intensity depends on topographic aspect, with smaller seasonal differences of +1.4 °C and −2.5 °C found between grazed and ungrazed plots at a north-facing site. This relates to the lower available solar radiation at north-facing sites, which reduces the differences in vegetation cover between open and fenced plots. For both aspects, the seasonal differences largely offset each other, with both a small net cooling and warming depending on effects in spring and autumn. Our study suggests that livestock management could be used to modify the annual ground temperature dynamics, possibly even influencing local permafrost dynamics.
Turbulent transport extraction in time and frequency and the estimation of eddy fluxes at high resolution
Authors: Destouet Gabriel , Besic Nikola , Joetzjer Emilie , Cuntz Matthias
Published: November 2024

Abstract. We propose a framework for the estimation of eddy fluxes based on cross-scalogram smoothing. This is motivated by two main problems encountered with the standard eddy-covariance method: (1) limited temporal resolution leading to estimated fluxes unable to characterise fast dynamics (< 30 min) and with potentially large periods of data discarded after the application of quality tests; (2) limited frequency resolution leading to poor localisation of the turbulent scales and thus to potential biases in the estimations. We show that cross-scalogram smoothing can be viewed as an extension of the standard eddy-covariance approach where measurement signals are analysed in multiple frequency bands leading to a high resolution analysis of fluxes in time and frequency. A metric based on the vertical component of the Reynold's stress tensor is proposed to localise the turbulent scales in time and frequency. It conditions the estimation of any scalar flux decomposed in time and frequency. The proposed metric is similar to the u* and σw tests but it is adapted to the time-frequency setting. We also address practical issues encountered with cross-scalogram smoothing such as the choice of the wavelet family and the conservative property of the decomposition. We show application of the framework at the beech forest site FR-Hes and demonstrate its relation with standard eddy covariance calculations. The proposed method produces high temporal resolution (1 min) estimates of CO2, latent and heat fluxes that align well with estimates from the standard 30-minute eddy-covariance method. The improved localisation of turbulent scales results in higher estimates of carbon uptake during summer (+2 ± 1 µmol m-2 s-1) and a more accurate assessment of nighttime respiration compared to standard eddy-covariance estimates. The methodology is implemented in the Julia package TurbulenceFlux.jl and is readily available for use.
Trends in the annual snow melt-out day over the French Alps and the Pyrenees from 38 years of high resolution satellite data (1986–2023)
Authors: Barrou Dumont Zacharie , Gascoin Simon , Inglada Jordi , Dietz Andreas , Köhler Jonas , Lafaysse Matthieu , Monteiro Diego , Carmagnola Carlo , Bayle Arthur , Dedieu Jean-Pierre , Hagolle Olivier , Choler Philippe
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Information on the spatial-temporal variability of the seasonal snow cover duration over long time periods is critical to study the response of mountain ecosystems to climate change. However, this information is often lacking due to the sparse distribution of in situ observations or the lack of adequate remote sensing products. Here, we combined snow cover data from ten different optical platforms including SPOT 1-5, Landsat 5-8 and Sentinel-2A&B to build a time series of the annual snow melt out day (SMOD, i.e. the first day of no snow cover) at 20 m resolution across the French Alps and the Pyrenees (43×103 km2). We evaluated the pixel-wise accuracy of the computed SMOD using in situ snow measurements at 344 stations. We found that the residuals are unbiased (median error of 1 day) despite a dispersion (RMSE of 28 days), which suggests that this dataset can be used to study SMOD trends after spatial aggregation. We found an average reduction of 20.4 days (5.51 days per decade) over the French Alps and of 14.9 days (4.04 day per decade) over the Pyrenees over the period 1986–2023. The SMOD reduction is robust and significant in most part of the French Alps and can reach one month above 3000 m. The trends are less consistent and more spatially variable in the Pyrenees. This dataset is available for future studies of mountain ecosystems changes and is updated every year using Sentinel-2 data.
Twenty-first century global glacier evolution under CMIP6 scenarios and the role of glacier-specific observations
Authors: Zekollari Harry , Huss Matthias , Schuster Lilian , Maussion Fabien , Rounce David R. , Aguayo Rodrigo , Champollion Nicolas , Compagno Loris , Hugonnet Romain , Marzeion Ben , Mojtabavi Seyedhamidreza , Farinotti Daniel
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Projecting the global evolution of glaciers is crucial to quantify future sea-level rise and changes in glacier-fed rivers. Recent intercomparison efforts have shown that a large part of the uncertainties in the projected glacier evolution is driven by the glacier model itself and by the data used for initial conditions and calibration. Here, we quantify the effect that mass balance observations, one of the most crucial data sources used in glacier modelling, have on glacier projections. For this, we model the 21st century global glacier evolution under Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 6 project (CMIP6) climate scenarios with the Global Glacier Evolution Model (GloGEM) calibrated to match glacier-specific mass balance observations, as opposed to relying on regional mass balance observations. We find that the differences in modelled 21st century glacier changes can be large at the scale of individual glaciers (up to several tens of percent), but tend to average out at regional to global scales (a few percent at most). Our study thus indicates that the added value of relying on glacier-specific observations is at the subregional and local scale, which will increasingly allow projecting the glacier-specific evolution and local impacts for every individual glacier on Earth. To increase the ensemble of models that project global glacier evolution under CMIP6 scenarios, simulations are also performed with the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM). We project the 2015–2100 global glacier loss to vary between 25 ± 15 % (GloGEM) and 29 ± 14 % (OGGM) under SSP1-2.6 to 46 ± 26 % and 54 ± 29 % under SSP5-8.5 (ensemble median, with 95 % confidence interval; calibration with glacier-specific observations). Despite some differences at the regional scale and a slightly more pronounced sensitivity to changing climatic conditions, our results agree well with the recent projections by Rounce et al. (2023), thereby projecting, for any emission scenario, a higher 21st century mass loss than the current community estimate from the second phase of the Glacier Model Intercomparison Project (GlacierMIP2).
Experimental Validation of Parked Loads for a Floating Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: Wind-Wave Basin Tests
Authors: Hossain Md Sanower , Griffith D. Todd
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Parked loads are a major design load case for vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) because of persistent high loads on the rotor when in standstill conditions. This paper examines the aerodynamic parked loads of model-scale floating troposkein VAWTs tested in a wind-wave basin to support development and validation of a parked loads model for floating VAWTs. We analyze the effects of wind speed, and turbine solidity (varying number of blades), and rotor azimuth on parked loads and investigate the impact of different platform conditions (comparing locked (fixed tower base) versus floating cases with and without waves). The experimental results indicate that parked loads (for both locked and floating platform conditions) and amplitude of turbine tilting increases with the wind speed, which is expected. The parked loads also increase with the increase of solidity, however the variation in loads in a revolution decreases for 3 blades versus 2 blades. If only aerodynamic parked loads are considered, the turbine with a floating platform exhibits lower parked loads compared to turbine with a locked platform (fixed base) due to the effect of the tilted condition of the floating platform. Moreover, comparison between floating with wind and wave, and floating with wind only cases show that although both exhibits park loads of similar magnitude, the former exhibits more high frequency variation due to coupled effects of wind, wave, and floating platform dynamics. Additionally, we present a semi-numerical tool for estimating parked loads of VAWTs that we improved and validated to predict the floating parked loads. The analytical model accurately predicted the parked load behavior of VAWTs for the range of effects noted above. The datasets from this experimental work can serve as benchmarks for validating other computational parked load estimating tools.
Analysis and calibration of optimal power balance rotor-effective wind speed estimation schemes for large-scale wind turbines
Authors: Pamososuryo Atindriyo Kusumo , Spagnolo Fabio , Mulders Sebastiaan Paul
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Modern wind turbines' size growth creates challenges in their control system design, particularly due to greater wind variability across larger rotor areas. As modern turbine control systems rely on the availability of accurate wind speed information, the increasing unrepresentativeness of pointwise measurement devices, such as anemometers, necessitates the incorporation of more representative rotor-effective wind speed (REWS) estimation. Classical REWS estimators, based on static power relations, often fail to account for dynamic changes, leading to inaccurate estimation. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces a power balance-based REWS estimation framework and splits the estimation problem into two modules: an aerodynamic power estimator and a wind speed estimate solver. Two possible aerodynamic power estimation techniques are discussed based on numerical derivative and state estimation. As state estimator calibration remained a challenge for varying wind turbine sizes, a gain-tailoring method for the performance calibration throughout a range of modern wind turbine sizes has been derived for the state estimation-based aerodynamic power estimator. Two types of wind speed estimate solvers are analyzed, namely the continuous and iterative single-step methods. From the two modules, the best-performing methods—the state-estimation aerodynamic power estimator and iterative single-step wind speed solver—are chosen to form the optimal power balance REWS estimator. The combined optimal estimator is validated through OpenFAST simulations of the NREL-5MW and IEA-22MW turbines and compared against a baseline method. The proposed method demonstrates good tracking of the REWS, better noise resilience, and convenient estimator gain calibration across different turbine sizes.
ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE DAILY TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION ON THE TERRITORY OF BELARUS USING QUANTILE REGRESSION
Authors:   Institute for Nature Management, Belarusian National Academy of Sciences, LOGINOV V.F. , KHITRYKAU M.A. ,   Institute for Nature Management, Belarusian National Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

Average daily air temperature and daily total precipitation were analyzed using quantile regression. Quantiles corresponding to the selected extremes, i.e., below 0.1 (only for the analysis of air temperature) and above 0.9 were considered. It has been shown for the majority of cases that the spatial distribution of air temperature quantiles is close to the mean for winter and summer seasons. Specific features of temporal changes in the quantiles of air temperature and total precipitation are in line with the modern climate warming. A statistically significant relationship between air temperature and Earth surface characteristics is observed only for quantiles of 0.9 and more. Due to the complexity of the factors responsible for the formation of high-intensity precipitation, there is no clear pattern in the spatial distribution of the quantiles of daily total precipitation. There is statistically significant relationship between daily total precipitation, orography, and forest cover fraction on the territory.
ASSIMILATION OF RADIO OCCULTATION OBSERVATIONS IN NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION
Authors:   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, GORBUNOV M.E. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses the principles of the assimilation of radio occultation observations into numerical weather prediction models. The most widely used approach is assimilation of the bending angle profiles obtained from the observations by the wave optics methods. The observation operators are constructed from the geometric optics equations and can be three-dimensional (3D), taking into account the actual field of meteorological parameters, or one-dimensional (1D), using only one vertical profile. In the approximation of weak gradients, the 3D operator is reduced to the two-dimensional (2D) one, which takes into account the section of the fields of meteorological parameters by the vertical plane of the occultation event. Another approach is the assimilation of the retrieved atmospheric refractivity profiles by means of a simplest 1D or more accurate 2D operator. Some examples of statistical comparisons of the profiles of temperature, pressure, and specific humidity obtained by variational assimilation with the GFS reanalysis data are given.
CLIMATE FORECASTS. PART I: CURRENT STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, KULIKOVA I.A. , VIL'FAND R.M. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, KHAN V.M. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, KRUGLOVA E.N. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, TISHCHENKO V.A. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, EMELINA S.V. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, KAVERINA E.S. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, NABOKOVA E.V. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, SUBBOTIN A.V. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, SUMEROVA K.A. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, TOLSTYKH M.A. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The physical background and main types of climate forecasts issued by the world meteorological centers are considered. It is emphasized that modern forecasting systems have an integrated nature and combine not only data assimilation systems and global numerical atmosphere-ocean-land models, but also support infrastructure for providing forecast products to users. The features of the forecast system of the Hydrometcenter of Russia/North Eurasia Climate Centre (NEACC) and other world meteorological centers are compared. It is noted that, unlike other centers, the forecast system of the Hydrometeorological Center of Russia/NEACC is based on the integrated use of synoptic, statistical, and hydrodynamic methods. It has been revealed that new trends and directions in the development of the forecast system are associated with the emergence of a new version of the SL-AV global semi-Lagrangian finite-difference atmosphere model of the Hydrometcenter of Russia and the Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INM RAS) with an expanded (up to 61 members) forecast ensemble, as well as with using the INR RAS climate model (INM-CM5) and additional applications designed for interaction with various economic sectors. The findings may be useful in determining a vector of future research aimed at developing the Russian climate prediction system.
SKILL, PREDICTABILITY, AND UTILITY IN THE PROBLEMS OF RADAR-BASED PRECIPITATION NOWCASTING
Authors:   A Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, MURAV'EV A.V. , KIKTEV D.B. ,   A Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Using the spatial verification Fractions Skill Score (FSS), the quality of forecasts accumulated during the testing of the precipitation nowcasting system of the Hydrometeorological Center of Russia in the warm season (May-September 2017) on the territory of the Central and Northwestern federal districts of Russia is assessed. The precipitation intensity fields based on the products of nine DMRL-C radars serve as input data for the forecast model and control data for quality assessments. FSS values are calculated on full and random samples with generalizations by distribution quartiles. The verification results are interpreted in terms of the usefulness (or utility) of forecasting precipitation categories and the practical predictability of these categories in the radar coverage areas. For median FSS estimates, it is shown that the practical predictability of precipitation intensity categories for the entire system of the radars used reaches the nowcasting limit (2.5 hour) only at the forecast of exceeding the thresholds of 0.5 and 0.75 mm/hour. For the thresholds of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm/hour, the predictability does not exceed 120, 90, 60, and 30 minutes, respectively. Based on the behavior of a set of FSS curves depending on the spatial scale (in the range of 2-122 km), some systematic features and mutual differences of the radars used have been revealed: thus, according to the ranking results, the highest position in the experiments was occupied by the forecasts in the DMRL-C Voeikovo coverage area.
Аксиоматическая теория доказательства для модальной логики с поссибилистскими кванторами и равенством
Authors: Е.В. Борисов , И.И. Мухаметшина
Published: November 2024

В статье предложена аксиоматизация разработанной авторами логики M LP Q (modal logic with possibilist quantifiers). M LP Q представляет собой модальную логику первого порядка с равенством. Ее синтаксические и семантические особенности таковы: 1) формальный язык M LP Q содержит индивидные константы, актуалистский и поссибилистский кванторы, 2) модели M LP Q имеют переменный домен; 3) в моделях M LP Q индивидные константы имеют нежесткую интерпретацию; при этом денотат константы в мире w может лежать вне домена w. В [4] были описаны язык и семантика M LP Q (без использования этой аббревиатуры) и показаны ее выразительные возможности в сравнении с модальной логикой первого порядка Фиттинга и Мендельсона [1]. Ниже описаны язык и семантика M LP Q и представлена аксиоматическая теория доказательства, для которой может быть показана сильная полнота относительно данной семантики.
Democracy in Local Communities: Direct Election System versus Deliberation System in the Minangkabau Ethnicity in West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Irawati  , Utang Suwaryo  , Affan Sulaeman  , Neneng Yani Yuningsih
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on the dissonance between the values of the democracy of local communities and the liberal democracy of the Minangkabau community in West Sumatra, Indonesia. A direct election system is adopted to elect the leader of the Minangkabau community. However, a qualitative study shows that, culturally, the Minangkabau community chooses its leader through a clan-based deliberation system, relying on communal rather than individual representation. Adopting direct election with the one-person-one- vote principle to elect the community leader has instead been a source of conflict. The ambiguous understanding of the community members regarding the principles of individual and collective representation has given rise to the conflict. The institutionalisation of a clan-based deliberation system in the community is a solution to solve the conflict. This scholarly inquiry underscores that the Minangkabau ethnic group's democratic ethos fosters an environment conducive to communal deliberations, thereby sustaining their social cohesion and integration.
Destruction of Road Ice by a Spherical Striker
Authors:   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», BUGAYEV Andrey , VASILYEVA Olga ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», GEORGIY Guryanov ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», DOUDKIN Mikhail ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University», MOLDAKHANOV Bekbolat ,   NCJSC «D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University»
Published: November 2024

The article provides a brief overview of the state of the issue of the theoretical description of the process of ice destruction, presents a developed mechanical and mathematical model describing the process of ice destruction by a spherical striker, analyzes the results of calculations based on the obtained formulas for the adequacy of the quantitative assessment of the process. The model is illustrated by a computational scheme of the impact interaction of a striker and a half-space. Empirical correction of theoretical dependencies has been performed. Experimental studies are described, an analysis of their results and the identified conditions of the ice destruction process are presented, as well as the results of empirical correction of theoretical dependencies obtained on their basis, providing a correct quantitative assessment of the process of ice destruction by a spherical striker. The results of an experimental verification of the adequacy of the obtained refined empirical-theoretical dependencies and a method for determining the parameters of a working organ with spherical strikers for breaking ice based on them are presented. The dependences of the results of theoretical and experimental determination of the depth of penetration of the striker rod into the ice are compared. The patterns of crushing of thin ice are revealed depending on the speed of rotation of the rotor, the mass of the inertial strikers and their shape.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Questionnaire to Determine the Types of Risk in the Activities of the University
Authors:   NCJSC «S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University», АZHIMGEREYEVA Altynay , АBDYROV Аitzhan ,   NCJSC «S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University», АLDABERGENОVA Saule ,   NCJSC «S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University», DZHUMADILOVA Nazym ,   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», JAXYMBETOVA Makpal ,   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University»
Published: November 2024

The significance and relevance of the risks faced by universities in the activities of the university are considered. The authors analyzed the state of risk awareness in the domestic and foreign scientific and pedagogical literature. In order to determine the significance of the risks encountered in the university, many types of risks are differentiated. University risk management should be based on generally accepted approaches, educational features, and a specific classification of risks and risks of the university. The definition, forecasting and assessment of the risks of the organization of education should be carried out in the context of the quality of training of students, meet the approved quality goals, as well as the established norms and requirements of educational standards. At the same time, it is important to evaluate the activities of the university in terms of providing the necessary resources. The relevance of risk management in educational institutions is due to the reform of the higher education system. In this regard, there is a need to identify and assess the risks and opportunities of educational organizations, as well as to search for new methods of their management. The purpose of the article is to assess the effectiveness of the questionnaire, which revealed the types of internal and external risks encountered in the activities of universities. Within the framework of the article, internal and external factors affecting the activities of the university were considered. In the course of the study, a special survey was compiled based on differentiated risks. The created survey was conducted among the teaching staff and students of the Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University named after S. Seifullin and the Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilev. The types of risk identified as a result of the survey were considered and the effectiveness of the survey was evaluated.
Mechanisms of the Innovation Activity Financing System
Authors:   Esil University, AUYEZOVA Zaure , AUYEZOVA Amina ,   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», BULAKBAY Zhanat ,   NPJSC «L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University», TAZHIBEKOVA Kashamida ,   Branch of the RSTE «Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan» for the Ulytau Region
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of financing innovative processes that have a direct impact on the development of the state as a whole and on the success of each entrepreneur in the competitive struggle in the market. The study of the financing of the innovation process was carried out in theoretical and analytical terms, the economic levels of innovation activity were determined. The urgent need to solve the problem of modernization and innovative development of economic systems, which requires the development of the concept of financing innovative processes, is substantiated. Theoretically, the elements that include the innovation financing system and the functions of the financial mechanism are disclosed. The situation is described when the current system of financing innovation activities contributes not only to achieving the necessary level of financial support and internal costs, but also to the development of innovative enterprises from the stage of creation to the stage of expansion. As an example, the analysis of the compliance of the financing mechanisms of the Karatau-Nesie LLP enterprise with certain principles applied within the framework of the innovation financing system was carried out. Taking into account the degree of Kazakhstan's economy in technological development, it is proved that in order to stimulate innovation activity and the development of the venture industry, it is necessary to create conditions for state support and the development of a venture financing system.
Improving the Financial Monitoring System and Activities of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   A.K. Kussayinov Eurasian Humanities Institute, AKHMETOVA Asel , KOZHAKHMETOVA Asemgul ,   A.K. Kussayinov Eurasian Humanities Institute, MAZHITOVA Bakhyt ,   A.K. Kussayinov Eurasian Humanities Institute, BERSTENBAYEVA Rysty ,   Esil University
Published: November 2024

Creation of a system of countering money laundering and terrorist financing in Kazakhstan. A review of the conventions and treaties ratified by the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of combating money laundering and financing of terrorism was made. Definition of the concept of «financial monitoring». Financial measures to combat money laundering have been developed. Currently, the main areas of work of financial monitoring have been considered. The ways of improving the personnel potential of financial and non-financial organizations that carry out the first monitoring were shown. The blocks that form the basis of the national system of countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism have been identified. the analysis of the field of countering money laundering and terrorist financing was carried out and its effectiveness was proposed to be applied in practice.
Fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin a1c: measures of insulin sensitivity?
Authors:   3528 E Fall Creek Pkwy N Dr Apt. G, United States., Lambert Charles Paul
Published: November 2024

Measures used in clinical practice should be indicative of health or disease. Fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin a1c are used routinely in clinical practice to diagnose diabetes but the utility of fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin a1c as measures of tissue sensitivity to insulin is unreliable at best
Enhancing Sales Volume to Optimized Retail Marketing Strategy: Case Study on MSMEs Retail in Bantul, Yogyakart
Authors: Ernestivita Gesty , . Nadia
Published: November 2024

The retail industry in Indonesia has experienced significant growth, particularly with the increasing presence of modern retail chains that challenge the sustainability of local Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). MSMEs in the retail sector, especially in regions like Bantul, Indonesia, face mounting competition from these larger and better-funded players. This study investigates how MSMEs can enhance their sales volume by adopting more effective retail marketing strategies. Grounded in marketing theory, specifically the principles of modern merchandising, category management, pricing, promotion, and supplier relationship management, this research aims to determine the strategies that are most impactful for MSME retailers in a competitive market. Using a qualitative case study methodology, data were collected from interviews with MSME owners, direct observations, and sales data analysis of selected retailers in Bantul. The findings reveal that MSMEs implementing modern marketing techniques, such as improved merchandising displays, competitive pricing strategies, and strategic supplier negotiations, were able to increase their sales volumes despite facing strong competition from established retail chains. Furthermore, businesses that incorporated digital tools for promotions and customer engagement saw a noticeable improvement in customer loyalty and sales growth. In the discussion, the study emphasizes that while the adoption of modern retail strategies is critical, MSMEs still face challenges such as limited financial and technological resources, which hinder their ability to fully compete with larger retailers. Nonetheless, the findings demonstrate that targeted marketing strategies, particularly in supplier relationships and pricing techniques, offer MSMEs a sustainable path to growth. The study concludes that for MSMEs to thrive in the competitive retail environment, they must adopt a hybrid approach that combines traditional retail techniques with modern marketing innovations. Future research should focus on the role of digital transformation in further enhancing the competitiveness of MSMEs in the retail sector.

Keywords: Sales Volume, Retail Marketing, MSMEs
Comparison of High and Low Dose Calcium Supplementation in Prevention of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Akhtar Nishat , Azhari Shadan , Nawab Tabassum
Published: November 2024

Calcium supplementation during pregnancy may prevent high blood pressure and preterm labour. Out of 500 women, 480 completed the study. At hospital enrolment, the average systolic blood pressure (SBP) was similar between the two groups (116.10 mm Hg vs. 115.01 mm Hg; P = 0.215), as was the average diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (72.74 mm Hg vs. 72.12 mm Hg; P = 0.301). No significant increase in blood pressure was observed in the majority of pregnant women in either group until delivery. Only 2.5% of women in the low-dose group (LDG - group I) and 1.88% in the high-dose group (HDG - group II) developed pre-eclampsia by the end of the study, with no significant association between different calcium dosages and the occurrence of pre-eclampsia (P = 0.503). Regarding maternal complications, 0.63% of women in the group I and 0.21% in the group II experienced major complications during pregnancy or postpartum, but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.623). Among the 480 women, 475 had term labor, and only 5 had preterm deliveries (before 36 weeks of gestation). No maternal deaths were reported.Our study concluded that calcium supplementation, whether in low or high dose, provides significant benefit for pregnant women. The findings demonstrate a notable advantage in preventing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), preterm labor, premature births, and related complications. Therefore, calcium supplementation is highly effective in preventing PIH, which in turn helps prevent pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. As both low and high dose Calcium are effective in preventing PE and Eclampsia, it may be recommended that low dose calcium supplementation may be helpful in prevention of HDP and have favourable feto-maternal outcome in a low resource setting like ours.

Keywords: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), Blood Pressure, Pre-eclampsia, Calcium.
Managing of Post-traumatic Knee Arthritis by Total Knee Arthroplasty: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kusuma I Made Wira , Dusak I Wayan Suryanto
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis (PTOA) develops rapidly after injuries from sports, accidents, or falls. Unlike primary osteoarthritis, PTOA escalates quickly, causing severe joint damage and impairments. Early intervention is crucial to alleviate pain, restore function, and prevent further deterioration. Delayed treatment worsens symptoms and increases the need for invasive procedures like total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Case Presentation: A 29-year-old patient with a year of left knee pain, swelling, and difficulty straightening had no history of rheumatic or autoimmune diseases. Examination showed osteophytes, indicating osteoarthritis. He underwent TKA with no complications, achieving a satisfactory outcome: good range of motion, improved quality of life, and an Oxford Knee Score of 42.
Discussion: PTOA typically follows trauma to the joint surface, with severity often correlating with the impact intensity. In this case, the patient’s rapid development of osteoarthritis, despite his young age and lack of pre-existing conditions, may suggest a genetic predisposition. Knee arthroplasty was chosen to restore function, aligning with research showing comparable outcomes for post-traumatic and primary osteoarthritis patients, though post-trauma cases can have higher complication rates due to comorbidities.
Conclusion: Effective management of PTOA is crucial due to its rapid progression and significant impact on joint function and quality of life. Early intervention is key to preventing severe damage and reducing the need for invasive treatments. While TKA can be effective, its success depends on the severity of the condition. Timely management and preventive strategies are vital to improving outcomes and maintaining joint health.

Keywords: post traumatic osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty, quality of life, early intervention, case report
Nanotechnology in Cosmetics: An Overview
Authors: Rao T. Rama , Manikanta Ch. , Shashank M.
Published: November 2024

Nanotechnology is revolutionizing the treatment of skin diseases in cosmetics, offering safe and targeted delivery of active medications and cosmetic ingredients. The use of carrier systems in nanotechnology improves skin penetration and sustained drug action. Formulators are using technology exclusive to cosmetic products, such as vesicular, particulate systems, emulsions, nano capsules, nanotubes, nanocrystals, and dendrimers. Nanomaterials are also used in hair care products and nail formulations. Nanomaterials are used in modern cosmetic products, particularly in sunscreens due to their ability to protect the skin from harmful UV radiation which is carcinogenic. This review explores nanotechnologies in the cosmetic industry and their potential as next- generation smarter carrier systems. It highlights the advances in nano cosmeceuticals and the applications of nanotechnology in cosmetics. It also focuses on the regulations of nanotechnology in cosmetics and describes various routes of exposure to nano particles in the human body.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, cosmetics, nanoparticles, regulations, advances
Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy in Adult Patient with Symptomatic Discoid Lateral Meniscus: A Case Report
Authors: Mahardika I Made Yudi , Aryana I Gusti Ngurah Wien
Published: November 2024

Introduction: For many years, the discoid meniscus was synonymous with snapping knee syndrome. incidence of discoid lateral meniscus is estimated to be 0.4% to 17%, whereas the discoid medial meniscus is extremely rare (0.1% to 0.3%). It has been reported that about 20% of cases are bilateral. Patients with discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) often show normal plain radiography findings but may also show subtle indirect signs.
Case Presentation: Female, 59 years old, complained of pain on her left knee after walking and climbing stairs for the last two months. On examination, the range of motion of knee joint was limited due to the pain for flexion more than 90°. Patient had medial joint line tenderness, and a McMurray test elicited pain on the lateral joint line. Radiographs of the left knee showed lateral joint space widening and high fibular head. Arthroscopic examination of the left knee confirmed the presence of discoid lateral menisci (DLM).
Discussion: Discoid lateral meniscus (DLM), often referred to as "popping knee syndrome," is an abnormal variation of the meniscus, primarily affecting the lateral side and more common in young individuals. This condition increases the risk of knee injury, especially if the ligament attachment to the tibia is absent. In our case, radiographic findings and a positive McMurray test led to the diagnosis, confirmed by arthroscopy showing a complete DLM. While some recommend for total meniscectomy, studies suggest that partial meniscectomy can offer good initial results, though long-term outcomes may vary.
Conclusion: In symptomatic DLM, surgical treatment is necessary to treat the patient. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is the preferred surgical procedure to treat symptomatic DLM.

Keywords: Discoid lateral meniscus, arthroscopic menisectomy, WOMAC score