bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
العالم الإسلامي: عوامل القوة وأسباب الضعف؛ دراسة تحليلية في ضوء السياسة الشرعية The Muslim World: Factors of Strength and Causes of Weakness; An Analytical Study Based on Islamic Politics
Authors: Al-Sheheri Dafer Humood , Murshed Amer Abdulwahab Mahyoub
Published: February 2025

The study aimed at identifying the factors of strength in the Islamic world and determining the causes of its weakness in the contemporary reality. The problem of the study lies in the weakness that the Islamic world suffers in the contemporary reality because of several reasons that have caused Muslims' weakness and the delay of the Islamic world in the civilizational competition, although it has the inherent factors of strength qualifying it for leadership and pioneer ship. The study adopted the inductive analytical methodology due to its suitability to the study nature and its ability to realize its goals. The study revealed several key findings, the most important of which is that the Islamic world is not a barren place without vegetation or water. Rather, it is located at the world’s center, holding its borders, controlling its oceans, seas, and navigation routes, and is rich with major rivers, the most fertile lands, and the greatest wealth, which makes it commercially, economically, and militarily important. The potential strengths of the Islamic world include the Islamic unity based on creed and the brotherhood of religion, the availability of natural and human resources. The main causes of the Islamic world’s weakness include intellectual invasion, plans to divide the Islamic world, and weakening the Islamic world in the areas of economy, politics, and security. The researcher recommends unifying Islamic efforts to achieve economic integration that allows the exchange of resources, expertise, goods, and products, and establishing unified Arab Islamic markets, and necessarily creating an Islamic alliance or bloc like the European Union that permits industrial and commercial exchange among all Islamic countries.
دور الرقابة الشرعية في ضوء الحوكمة الرشيدة مصباح محمد بن طاهر The Role of Sharia Supervision In Light of Good Governance
Authors: Bentaher Mesbah Mohamed , Mohd Noh Mohd Shahid , Mohamad Mohamad Taqiuddin
Published: February 2025

This research aims to identify Sharia supervisory bodies in terms of their concept, tasks, and the mandatory decisions of their decisions, highlight the role of Sharia supervisory bodies in Islamic financial institutions, and study the government and its mechanisms as an entry point for developing the work of Sharia supervisory bodies. This research also derives its importance from the growing interest in both the role of Sharia oversight and the necessity of developing it and the government, and the fact that its foundations, principles, and mechanisms are considered modern concepts at the global level in general, and at the local level in particular, and that awareness of these concepts and their applications leads to achieving a great deal of transparency and justice. Accordingly, this research discusses the problem of applying government tools to the Sharia system within which Islamic financial institutions operate in order to avoid many structural defects that are fundamentally linked to what is known today as the concept of corporate governance. The research follows the descriptive analytical method. The research concluded that it is necessary to provide a guide to the Board of Directors and the Sharia Supervisory Board on how to perform their duties related to Sharia issues, as well as completing the legal framework and raising the efficiency of the Sharia bodies and the supervisory and supervisory bodies of Islamic financial institutions, and working to pay attention to planning, monitoring and evaluating the performance of the Sharia supervisory bodies, as well as disclosure and transparency. About the activity of these bodies, monitoring and evaluating the performance of the Sharia supervisory bodies, as well as disclosure and transparency about the activity of these Sharia bodies to reassure customers, through formulating a framework for the governance of the Sharia supervisory bodies and circulating it to Islamic financial institutions.
كـتــابـات الـمـؤرخـيـن الــفـرنـسـيـيـن لـتـاريــخ الـجـزائــر أسـالـيـبها، دوافـعـها، مـمـيزاتها، سـلبـياتـها The French Historians Writings on the Algerian History: Their Methods, Motives, Advantages, Disadvantages
Authors: Beziou Ahmed Ould , Abdul Hamid Faisal @ Ahmad Faisal
Published: February 2025

This study aims to elucidate the historical writing methods employed by French historians in documenting the history of Algeria throughout different periods, examining their motivations. It highlights both the positive and negative aspects of these writings. The significance of this research lies in its exploration of a pivotal topic in European and African history, encompassing political, cultural, social, and economic dimensions. It becomes apparent that French historical writings paid considerable attention to their colonies in North Africa, notably emphasizing Algerian history, dedicating both material and intellectual efforts in serving the French administration. Moreover, the study addresses the problematic nature of distortion and misinformation practiced by some French scholars in documenting Algerian history. The researcher utilized a historical methodology to understand the nature and motives behind French writings on Algerian history, employing an analytical and critical approach to scrutinize these writings, aiming to highlight the truth. The study concludes that French historical writing on Algerian history covered ancient and modern history, discussing aspects of land, people, heritage, artifacts, and geography. They established scientific societies, initiated newspapers, and research journals, supported financially by the French administration, reflecting a positive aspect of these historical writings. However, the negative aspects lie in the predominantly shallow, repetitive, and biased studies that often neglect Arab, Ottoman, and even Western sources. Hence, these historical writings require reassessment in line with the requisites of modern historical methodology.
ملامح التقنيات الكيميائية لعلماء المسلمين في الأندلس (316-422هـ) Features of the Chemical Techniques of Muslim Scholars in Andalusia from 928 - 1031AD
Authors: Mousa Faraj Murajia , Abdul Hamid Faisal @ Ahmad Faisal
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses the efforts made by Muslim scholars in the field of chemical sciences in Andalusia. The main aims of this paper are to highlight the types of chemical compounds and to clarify the methods of experiments in producing the chemicals. To achieve these goals, the intelligence of Muslim scientists who laid the foundations of the science of experience must be studied. In this study, it is discovered that Muslim scholars contributed to laying the foundations of global civilization during the Middle Ages. Therefore, understanding their contributions in this regard is of great importance as clearly deliberated in their scientific books and manuscripts. This study went further to expose the abundance of scientific production achieved during the time of the Umayyad Caliphate in Andalusia. The researcher used the narrative approach by referring to historical sources. The findings reveal that Muslim scholars in producing various scientific knowledge relied on various techniques and experiments in an inductive and deductive manner. The finding of this study further shows that Muslim scholars avoided the science of chemistry, superstitions, magic and invents their own in the light of Islamic sources and experiments by using calcium hydroxide, caustic soda, and ammonia solution. They also highlighted on their mixture, interactions and properties and explained how they unite and combine with acids to produce salts, and they were able to differentiate between potassium, salts, and sodium. Hence, these are the methods employed by Muslim scholars in laying the foundations for scientific progress.
أثر أساليب معاملة الوالدين للأطفال في تشكيل سلوكهم تجاه الآخرين في ضوء الرؤية الإسلامية The Influence of Parent’s Methods in Dealing with Their Children in Forming Behavior Towards Others in light of Islamic Perspective
Authors: Hamei Amna Salh Abdulrahim , Kassim Sayyid Buhar Musal , Yusof Muhammed
Published: February 2025

The methods of parents in raising their children and treating them since childhood have profound effects on children's personalities and behaviours in various aspects of life, including the way they deal with others. There is no doubt that this matter is of great importance, as man is a social being by nature and he cannot live isolated from people, but his interests require that he coexist with them. Hence, the way he deals with people will have a great impact on his success in his life and his ability to adapt to people and achieve his legitimate goals and desires to enjoy a good and stable life away from problems and psychological pressures. So, the identification of the methods of parents’ treatment to their children and distinguish the negative from the positive of them is of great importance, and this is what is addressed in this paper to recognize these methods and to identify the opinions of psychologists, sociologists, and educationists on that in the light of the balanced and directed Islamic vision.
Migrasi Penduduk Kerinchi Sumatera Ke Semenanjung Tanah Melayu Migration of the Population of Kerinchi Sumatra to the Malay Peninsula
Authors: Zakaria Aisyah , Halim Asyiqin Ab
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the migration of the Kerinchi people of Sumatra to the Malay Peninsula. The Kerinchi community originally existed in Indonesia that started migrating to Malaysia long ago. There are many village constructions for the Kerinchi community in Malaysia, including Kampung Kerinchi, Kampung Abdullah Hukum and so on. This article will emphasize two things, which is to study the concept of migration and identify the migration of the Kerinchi community to Malaysia and its factors. The research data is taken through the documentation method which is obtained from books and databases of scientific articles. In addition, the data obtained will be analyzed through inductive and deductive methods. With this it can be stated that this migration has been happening for quite a long time and this is driven by driving factors from the country of origin and pulling factors from the destination country such as more economic opportunities, the atmosphere of the country and the facilities available. For the Kerinchi community, this migration occurs due to economic factors and mutual encouragement where those who live or work in Malaysia invite their family or friends in the country of origin to migrate to Malaysia.
Nur Al-Din Mahmud Zanki's (1146-1174 CE) Perspective On Bayt Al-Maqdis: A Historical Overview
Authors: Mohd Bakri Mohamad Fikri , Omar Gokaru Shu'aibu
Published: February 2025

Since the Crusaders' takeover of Bayt al-Maqdis in 1099 CE, several Muslim leaders made efforts to reclaim the holy city. One of them was Nur al-Din Mahmud Zanki of the sixth century AH who gave special consideration to the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis. He initially attempted to unify the regions in Syria and move the mission towards the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis. However, some Western writers evaluate Nur al-Din's efforts as purely political with the propaganda of Jihad to liberate Bayt al-Maqdis. This claim is outrightly different from the various sources of early Muslim historians who praised Nur al-Din's efforts. This article discusses the position of Bayt al-Maqdis and the efforts made by Muslim leaders, especially Nur Al-Din throughout his reign under the Zengid Dynasty to liberate Bayt al-Maqdis. This is historical research with a qualitative approach. The primary sources analysed using inductive methods to achieve the desired objectives. Therefore, Nur Al-Din was a leader with a clear vision to recapture Bayt al-Maqdis against the Orientalist allegations of political and military missions.
Editorial: Corporate strategies, technological innovation, and decision-making in a transforming global economy
Authors: Boasiako Kwabena
Published: February 2025

Welcome to the latest issue of Corporate and Business Strategy Review. We extend our sincere gratitude to all contributors — authors, editorial board members, the publisher, and the anonymous referees — whose efforts have made this issue possible.
Changes in cancer incidence and stage during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021 in the Nordic countries
Authors: Johansson Anna , Skog Anna , Johannesen Tom Børge , Myklebust Tor Åge , Kønig Simon M. , Skovlund Charlotte Wessel , Mørch Lina Steinrud , Friis Søren , Kristiansen Marnar Fríðheim , Pettersson David , Gudmundsdóttir Eva María , Kristinsdóttir Nanna Margrét , Birgisson Helgi , Irenaeus Sandra , Ahlgren Johan , Lambe Mats , Hirvonen Elli , Pitkäniemi Janne , Ursin Giske
Published: February 2025

Background and purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted substantially on cancer healthcare, including the temporary suspension of screening activities. We compared cancer incidence rates and stage during 2020–2021 to pre-pandemic rates in the Nordic countries.
Material and methods: Using data from the national cancer registries in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, we estimated age-, sex-, and period-adjusted incidence rate ratios, expressed as relative percentage change (%) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), comparing rates in 2020–2021 to those in 2017–2019 (pre-pandemic).
Results: In 2020–2021, 340,675 cancer cases were diagnosed. The incidence rates declined during the first pandemic wave (Q2 2020), ranging from –21.7% [95% CI: –23.3%; –20.2%] (Sweden) to –7.9% [–17.7%; 3.0%] (Iceland). Incidence rates also declined in the second pandemic wave (Q1 2021), ranging from –8.6% [–10.2%; –6.9%] (Sweden) to –2.3% [–4.6%; 0.1%] (Norway), and in Sweden also by –3.1% [–4.8%; –1.3%] in the third pandemic wave (Q4 2021). Stage I breast cancer incidence declined during 2020 in Denmark/Norway/Sweden, with some catch-up in stage II incidence in 2021. Prostate cancer rates declined in Denmark/Finland/Norway/Sweden during 2020–2021, while melanoma rates declined in Finland in 2020. During 2020, colon cancer rates declined in Denmark and Iceland, while rectal cancer rates declined in Denmark, and lung and kidney cancer rates declined in Norway.
Interpretation: During 2020–2021, cancer incidence rates declined across the Nordic countries with the largest declines in Sweden. During the third pandemic wave, the incidence rates were mostly similar to pre-pandemic rates. Changes in cancer stage may reflect reduced screening activities.
Progress of Research on Diesel Engine Oil-Machine Synergy Means and its Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: H Wu , R Chen
Published: February 2025

Diesel engines, with their high compression ratios, high thermal efficiency, and low fuel consumption rates, are still the main
source of power in the engineering field. The performance of the diesel engine is essentially determined by the combustion
process, which in turn depends on the fuel characteristics and the diesel engine's technical architecture of the work cycle
mode suitability (oil-engine synergy). Currently, the sensitivity analysis of the core parameters of oil-engine synergy lacks
theoretical support and means of reference. Aiming at the problems of unclear definition method of sensitivity parameters,
unclear influence mechanism, and imperfect model construction, this paper proposes an evaluation method system composed
of oil-engine synergistic sensitivity factor determination and quantitative analysis of contribution degree, which includes
characteristic data acquisition, model construction and research, and sensitivity analysis and application. The sensitivity
analysis method system of oil-engine synergistic parameters proposed in this paper aims to enhance the practical application
effect of the sensitivity analysis algorithm and provide methods and data references in fuel design and control parameter
optimization. In this paper, a sensitivity analysis phenomenological model is constructed based on the massive data of
fuel physical and chemical characteristics parameters and engine control parameters on the efficiency of oil-engine cooptimization. The model specifies the influence weights of fuel physical and chemical characteristics parameters and engine
control parameters on combustion elements and index parameters.
Digital Comic Teaching Materials in Strengthening Character Education to Prevent Bullying Behavior for High School Students
Authors: Kusumawati Niluh Ari , Djono  , Rejekiningsih Triana
Published: February 2025

This study identifies the issue of the high prevalence of bullying behavior occurring in various environments, including social media, schools, communities, text messages, and homes. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of digital comic teaching materials in strengthening character education to prevent bullying behavior among students. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design (pretest-posttest). The subjects of the study involved 256 tenth-grade students and 6 guidance counselors. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and observations related to students' experiences in witnessing bullying behavior. Data analysis utilized the N Gain test to measure the changes in outcomes before and after the intervention. The results show that digital comic teaching materials are effective in enhancing students' understanding of the importance of character education to prevent bullying behavior, with an average N Gain value of 91.04% in the experimental group. Based on these results, it can be concluded that digital comic teaching materials play a significant role in reducing bullying behavior and raising awareness of character education values among students.
Positive Discipline and Class Agreements: An Effective Approach to Enhancing Character and Moral Values in Elementary School Students
Authors: Prihatiningsih  , Maryani Enok , Muryanto Rusdiono
Published: February 2025

The development of moral values in fifth-grade elementary school students requires a positive discipline approach to enhance their discipline and moral attitudes. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing positive discipline through class agreements in the development of students' moral values. The research method employed is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The sample consists of 26 fifth-grade students from class V-A, with data collection techniques including observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman method, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that 44% of students believe that class agreements play a role in shaping the moral value of discipline, 54% of students consider the consequences applied in the class agreements to be moderate, 50% of students did not repeat the same violations, and 88% of students feel that class agreements influenced changes in their moral values or attitudes. These findings are supported by observation results conducted at various stages of implementing class agreements, from identification to follow-up. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the implementation of class agreements is effective in influencing the development of moral values in fifth-grade elementary school students.
Level of Difficulty in Developing Android-Based Learning Media
Authors: Setiyani Susanti , Liantoni Febri , Hatta Puspanda
Published: February 2025

One of the teacher's competencies is designing and producing learning media; there are various types of learning media, one of which is Android-based. A complex relationship between technology and theory drives the development domain, including design, production, and delivery functions. This research aims to analyze the difficulty level in developing Android-based learning media. The subjects of this research were 30 PTIK students who had developed Android learning media and user testing. Data collection was carried out using research instruments in the form of questionnaires. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics and then categorized into three development difficulty levels: high, medium, and low. The results of the analysis show that the student's level of difficulty is in the medium category with a percentage of 77%, where the highest level of difficulty is in the developing aspect with a high category percentage of difficulty of 13%, in the design aspect it is 10%, the analysis aspect is 7%, the implementation aspect is 7%, Meanwhile, in the evaluation aspect, there were no students with difficulties in the high category. The research concludes that development difficulties lie in activities in development software, such as the asset upload process, and are then related to understanding the programming structure and the ability to provide development needs, such as test equipment and suitability of device specifications.
Problem Based Learning Animation Videos in Third Grade Indonesian Language Lesson Content
Authors: Sina Ibnu , Anak Agung Gede Agung  , I Made Tegeh
Published: February 2025

The learning process implemented in schools tends to be teacher-centered, so students wait for explanations of material from the teacher. This condition results in students needing help answering various problems and issues encountered in the learning process. This research aims to create problem-based learning animation videos for Class III Indonesian language content. This research uses ADDIE development research. The subjects of this research consisted of 1 learning design expert, 1 learning media expert, 1 learning content expert, individual testing (3 students), and small groups (9 students). The data collection method was obtained using the test and questionnaire method—quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this research show the validity of the learning design expert with a score of 95%, the learning content expert with a score of 94.54%, the learning design expert with a score of 86.15%, the results of individual trials with a score of 88.66%, and the results of small group trials namely a score of 89%. The effectiveness of learning media can be seen from the t-test with the calculated t value of 17.247 and t table of 1.717. The conclusion is that there is a significant difference in student learning outcomes between before and after using problem-based learning animated video media. This research implies that teachers can use the media in teaching, making it easier for students to understand the lesson material.
Interactive Learning Multimedia Based on Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education in Mathematics Subjects
Authors: Farhan Muhamad , I Gde Wawan Sudatha
Published: February 2025

The unavailability of media and learning methods used by teachers in learning mathematics is still simple, resulting in less understanding of students in learning and a decrease in the quality of learning, especially in mathematics subjects. This study aims to create interactive learning multimedia based on Indonesian realistiic mathematics education in grade IV mathematics subjects. This type of research uses development with the ADDIE model. The test subjects consisted of 3 experts and 12 fourth grade students. Data obtained with quantitative and qualitative data. The methods used were questionnaires and tests. Furthermore, the data were analyzed with descriptive qualitative techniques, descriptive quantitative and inferential statistics. Media feasibility is determined from the assessment results of learning content experts (91.66%), learning design experts (92.18%), learning media experts (88.33%), individual test results (87.38%), and small group test results (87.73%). So it is concluded that interactive learning multimedia based on Indonesian realistic mathematics education is feasible to be implemented in learning mathematics grade IV MI. This research has implications for the implementation of realistic and varied learning activities. The implication of this research is the increasing availability of learning tools, namely interactive learning multimedia according to student needs, able to increase student motivation in learning mathematics.
Media Smart Apps Creator Based on the SAS (Synthetic Structural Analytical) Method to Improve Phoneme Pronunciation for Lower Grade Students
Authors: Maghfiroh Farikha , Purwati Panca Dewi , Trimurtini
Published: February 2025

Learning Indonesian makes students less interested in participating in learning because of the use of inappropriate media and learning methods. This causes students to be passive in the learning process, resulting in low student learning outcomes. Teachers should use interesting media to motivate students to improve learning outcomes. This research aims to create a smart app creator media based on synthetic, analytical structural methods to improve the phoneme pronunciation skills of low-grade students. This research includes development research using the Borg and Gall model. The research subjects were first-grade elementary school students, class teachers, and a team of experts. Data analysis techniques use quantitative and qualitative descriptive. The research results obtained were a media test of 97.5% and a material expert of 90%. The effectiveness of the SAS method-based smart apps creator media for improving phoneme pronunciation can be seen from the increase in pretest and post-test scores on the N-Gain Test. The increase in skills obtained from the average pretest (67.22) and posttest (88.56) scores on the small-scale test was 21.38. The large-scale test also experienced an increase in the average pretest (65.67) and posttest (85.43) scores of 19.76. Based on this, it can be concluded that the smart media creator app based on the SAS method can improve students' skills in pronouncing phonemes.
Instructional Communication Management Strategy in Curriculum Development of Indonesia Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Dewi Laskmi , Syafitri Nanda Khaerunisa , Wahyudin Dinn , Darmawan Deni , Rahmawari Yulia
Published: February 2025

Universities need to have an educational focus by using a multicampus system that must be integrated to achieve its goals. Therefore, an instructional communication strategy needs to be implemented to support management in building communication. This study is to analyze instructional communication strategies and lecturer competency management policies that can be understood and implemented in the teacher education curriculum. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through questionnaires regarding the teaching team's instructional communication management. The research results show that the instructional communication strategy by lecturers in the university environment has been implemented very well. Classroom learning activities, including instructional communication planning, selection of learning methods and strategies, selection of material delivery systems, and use of teaching materials, have also been carried out very well. It happens with lecturers' communication skills and support from university leaders. It hopes that the instructional communication strategy in curriculum development for lecturer educational institutions can be further developed with training related to the development of learning activities starting from lesson planning, learning methods, and strategies to aspects of assessment and evaluation.
Community-Based Web-Learning Media for Disaster Mitigation Understanding of University Students
Authors: Sahudra Tengku Muhammad , Kenedi Ary Kiswanto , Asnawi  , Sutrisno Imam Hadi , Ardiansyah Teguh , Sitepu Ilpa Ardani Br
Published: February 2025

Indonesia, disasters frequently occur, so a good understanding of disaster mitigation is needed. Researchers have developed a learning innovation in previous research to increase students' understanding of disaster mitigation. This innovation is in the form of community-based web-learning. This web learning has been declared suitable for use. Further studies are needed to determine the impact on students' understanding of disaster mitigation. This research aims to analyze the effect of community-based web-learning on higher education students' understanding of disaster mitigation. This research uses a quasi-experimental design using a non-equivalent control-group design. The research sample consisted of 200 university students. Students' understanding of disaster mitigation is measured using an essay test. The data analysis process uses the SPSS 26 application, including descriptive tests, normality tests, homogeneity tests, paired sample t-tests, and independent t-tests. The research results found a significant difference in the average understanding of disaster mitigation for university students who studied using community-based web-learning media and those who studied using conventional learning models. Students who use web-based learning have a higher average than those who study in conventional classes. This result proves that community-based web learning can increase higher education students' understanding of disaster mitigation.
Google Sites-Based Teacher Administration in Elementary Schools
Authors: Susnita Deka , Jaenudin Riswan , Syarifuddin  , Raharjo Makmum
Published: February 2025

There are still many teachers who have difficulty planning learning activities carefully. The majority of teachers do not complete the administration book because it has to be done manually. Therefore, this research aims to develop Google Sites-based teacher administration in elementary schools. This type of research is development research using the Rowntree model to produce and test products. Meanwhile, at the material evaluation stage, tessmer formative evaluation is used. This research involved material experts, language experts, design experts and practitioner experts. The subjects of this research were class and study teachers in elementary schools with a total of 21 people. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, documentation and tests. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire sheet. Data were analyzed using qualitative, quantitative and N-gain descriptive analysis. The results of the practicality test at the one to one test stage obtained an average of 90.83% and the small group test obtained an average of 92.75% (very practical). The results of the effectiveness test on the pretest and posttest results with an average N-gain value of 0.74, high category. It can be concluded that teacher administration with Google Sites innovation in elementary schools is very valid and practical for teachers to use. This research has implications for the development of Google Sites-based teacher administration which in the future can improve teacher performance.
How EtnoEduction is Essential and Linked to the Science Learning in the 21st Century Paradigm?
Authors: Wibawa I Made Citra , Widiana I Wayan , Jampel Nyoman
Published: February 2025

Improving the quality of science education in elementary schools is not only crucial for fostering better understanding of science, but also for building a strong foundation for future scientific thinking and actions. This systematic review aims to explore and analyze various effective methods and strategies of science learning in elementary schools in the 21st century. This systematic review was designed based on relevant criteria from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The data were sourced from the utilization of electronic databases such as PubMed, ERIC, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search keywords employed included “effective science learning”, “science in elementary schools”, and “21 century”. All papers were reviewed and quality assessment was performed. Fifteen studies were finally selected. Data were extracted, organized and analysed using a narrative synthesis. There are several factors influencing effective science education in the 21st century, including the incorporation of digital technology, cultural elements, contextual learning, adaptive approaches, and competency-based methods. Suitable strategies to support this science education include inquiry-based learning, project-based learning, cooperative learning, experiment-based learning, and game-based learning. Consequently, students greatly benefit from ethno-science education delivered through digital learning applications rooted in local cultural contexts.
Application of the Problem Based Learning Model: Efforts to Improve Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mazrur  , Surawan  , Sarifah Siti
Published: February 2025

The primary issue addressed in this study is the need for effective teaching strategies to enhance student learning outcomes, particularly in Fiqh subjects at madrasahs. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of implementing the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model within the Merdeka Curriculum to improve student learning outcomes in madrasahs. The research employed a quantitative method, with participants comprising Fiqh teachers at Islamic Senior High Schools (MAN) and 10th-grade students in the religious studies program. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings reveal that the application of the PBL model effectively enhances student learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the comparison of pre-test and post-test results. At the first MAN, the average pre-test score of 74.8% increased to 88.2% in the post-test, showing an improvement of 13.4%. Similarly, at the second MAN, the average pre-test score of 75.2% rose to 87.5% in the post-test, with an improvement of 12.3%. This study concludes that the Problem-Based Learning model is effective in enhancing Fiqh learning outcomes among 10th-grade students in Islamic Senior High Schools, while also contributing positively to the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.
Exploring Teachers' Awareness of Transformative Learning and Its Impact on Teaching Practices
Authors: Mulyadi Dadi , Amelia Della , Emilzoli Mario , Nurrohman Mohammad Nazwan , Firly Shabran Ghazi Nabil
Published: February 2025

The lack of teachers' understanding of transformative learning principles poses a major challenge in fostering innovative, student-centered learning. This study aims to compare teachers' levels of understanding of transformative learning principles across specific categories and examine the correlation between their understanding and teaching practices. The study employs a quantitative approach with exploratory descriptive and correlational methods. The sample consisted of 103 junior and senior high school teachers, randomly selected, comprising 50 females and 53 males. Data were collected through an online survey using a structured questionnaire with 46 questions. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results revealed that the majority of teachers demonstrated low to moderate levels of understanding of transformative learning principles. Teachers with greater understanding tended to implement transformative approaches more frequently in their teaching practices. However, no significant differences were found based on gender, age group, or teaching experience. The study concludes that intensive and continuous professional development programs are needed to enhance teachers' understanding and skills in applying transformative learning. These programs should include conceptual training, reflective practices, and collaborative support to facilitate classroom implementation.
Evaluating the Impact of the DECIDE Model on Decision-Making Skills in Elementary Teacher Education Students in Indonesia
Authors: Salimi Moh , Hidayah Ratna , Suhartono  , Susiani Tri Saptuti , Wahyono  , Wahyudi Achmad Basari Eko , Fajari Laksmi Evasufi Widi
Published: February 2025

The low level of decision-making skills among students poses a significant challenge in elementary teacher education programs. This study aims to evaluate decision-making skills using the DECIDE model among elementary teacher education students in Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative method with a case study design. The participants consisted of 70 students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using open-ended essay tests and non-test techniques, including participant observation and in-depth interviews. The results indicated that students' decision-making skills could be evaluated through the six stages of the DECIDE model: Define the Problem, demonstrated by the ability to define the problem and identify the main aspects requiring resolution; Establish the Criteria, reflected in the ability to establish relevant and objective criteria for evaluating potential solutions; Consider all the Alternatives, shown by the ability to assess all alternatives along with their advantages and disadvantages; Identify the Best Alternative, characterized by the ability to identify the best alternative based on the established criteria; Develop and Implement a Plan of Action, shown through the development of a structured action plan; and Evaluate and Monitor the Solution, demonstrated by continuous evaluation of the implemented solution. This study concluded that elementary teacher education students in Indonesia exhibit good decision-making skills based on the DECIDE model.
Preserving Local Wisdom: A Semiotic Analysis of Lahat's Regional Songs for Character Education
Authors: Effendi Darwin , Wahidy Achmad , Riyanto
Published: February 2025

The lack of attention to preserving regional songs as a medium of learning based on local wisdom poses challenges in cultural preservation and character education. This study aims to analyze the regional songs of Lahat as representations of local wisdom using Roland Barthes' semiotic approach. The data were analyzed by identifying elements such as lyrics, melody, and musical instruments to uncover the denotative, connotative, and mythological meanings embedded in these songs. The findings reveal that Lahat's regional songs carry profound symbolic meanings, reflecting the social, cultural, and religious values of the local community. The lyrics serve as a medium for conveying moral messages, the melodies provide aesthetic value, while the musical instruments enrich the transmission of traditional knowledge. These findings underscore that Lahat’s regional songs are not merely artistic creations but also valuable cultural heritage with significant potential to support character education. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of preserving and promoting regional songs as a medium of learning based on local wisdom. This can be achieved by integrating these songs into educational practices to instill cultural and moral values in the younger generation while ensuring the continuity of local traditions.
Digital Comics Based on Local Wisdom: An Innovative Approach to Enhancing Elementary School Students' Reading Comprehension
Authors: Kusmajid  , Nani Solihati  , Siti Zulaiha
Published: February 2025

The low level of students' reading comprehension and literacy is caused by the less than optimal use of innovative learning media. This study aims to analyze the need for the development of digital comics based on local wisdom as a learning medium that can improve the understanding and interest in reading of elementary school students. This study is part of the needs analysis stage in research and development (Research and Development) using the Design Thinking model. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations and questionnaires distributed to teachers and students, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study showed that students were very interested in using digital comics as a learning medium. Most students said that digital comics make learning more fun and interesting compared to regular textbooks. In addition, students appreciate the flexibility of digital comics that can be accessed via devices such as cellphones or laptops. Additional features such as animation, sound effects, or the ability to enlarge image details are also attractions that make students more enthusiastic about using digital comics. The conclusion of this study is that the development of digital comics based on local wisdom is very much needed to improve students' understanding and motivation in learning Indonesian in elementary schools.
concepção de quantum na Ciência da Lógica de Hegel
Authors: Souza Marcelo Igor da Silva e , Assis Sobrinho Francisco de , Soares Marly Carvalho
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo expõe, a partir de uma análise da sistemática metodológica estabelecida na Ciência da Lógica de Hegel, a concepção de quantum, como forma de propiciar as reflexões necessárias no desenvolvimento especulativo da segunda parte da Doutrina do Ser. Para isso, buscamos evidenciar a relação dialética entre a concepção de qualidade e quantidade, para assim compreender a ordem sistemática de desenvolvimento dialético do Ser, em que a determinação qualitativa é posta imediatamente na unidade com o próprio ser, enquanto a quantidade está estabelecida na suprassunção da qualidade. Para tanto, delineamos a distinção entre quantidade pura, indeterminada e a quantidade determinada pelo quantum, mediante a problematização de concepções que estabelecem a configuração do quantum nas suas próprias determinações, tais como valor numérico e unidade, que subsidiam a fundamentação lógica do número. Por fim, tratamos da relação de diferença e identidade dos conceitos de grandezas extensiva e intensiva, para assim compreender a noção de infinitude quantitativa.
The Guidelines for Patient Examination Before Dental Implant: Literature Review
Authors: Abdulmunem Mohammed Majid , Ali Mena Nabeel
Published: February 2025

Loss of teeth produces profound morbidity regarding the esthetic and functional demand of the patient. The decision for the type of treatment to replace missing teeth is made by multiple replacement therapies such as removable and fixed appliances. Nowadays, Dental implants represent the best solution for such cases, however, the possibility or not of the treatment and the decision for appropriate treatment plan depends on different factors; some of which are related to the patients such as general health, presence of systemic diseases, medications that interfere with the treatment and may affect short and long term success of the dental implant, in addition to the condition of the oral cavity such as: gingival tissue, oral hygiene, type of occlusion, caries index, in addition to the condition of the planned implant site that include: available bone height and width, bone density, etc. all these factors should be assessed carefully by the oral surgeon utilizing intra and extra-oral clinical examination and radio graphical examinations by two or three-dimensional methods to reach the correct treatment plan for each case separately according to the acquired information after completing these tests. And to decide the type of treatment, number, length, and width of the implant and whether other modifications are needed such as a sinus lifting procedure, ridge splitting, or adding a bone graft.
Jak se „dohodnout, že se dohodneme“: sestavování vlád v meziválečném Československu na počátku 20. let prizmatem prediktivní teorie koalic
Authors: Kohoutek Jiří , Slavíček Jan
Published: February 2025

Research on the political history of the First Republic has lacked a comprehensive quantitative-qualitative analysis of the causes of political and governmental instability. This study aims to address this gap. Based on traditional and new methods, especially the newly constructed Coalition Incongruency Index (CII), and tools of political analysis, we reach the following conclusions: (1) The fragmented to atomized party spectrum necessitated the formation of coalitions composed of a large number of subjects. (2) This resulted in an almost inexhaustible supply of theoretically available coalitions. (3) The negative stance of many political parties towards the new state significantly reduced the number of realistically achievable minimal winning coalitions (MWC) – from thousands theoretically available to only a few practically possible. (4) The analysis using the CII demonstrates that these realities forced actors to form very broad and ideologically incoherent coalitions (from the perspective of the left-right spectrum, which was dominant in the period studied). (5) The actual negotiations and subsequent votes on governments respected the existing options. The party composition of parliamentary majorities supporting the program of each government in the period studied corresponded in 3 out of 4 cases to the ideologically most cohesive variant of the realistically available MWC. In general, our data show that the actors were able to utilize the realistically available possibilities almost optimally. In an enormously complex situation, they managed to agree on relatively functional governments based on fairly stable parliamentary majorities.
Volebná (ne)účasť ako pretrvávajúci fenomén v slovenskej a švajčiarskej spoločnosti
Authors: Ondria Peter , Luknár Jozef
Published: February 2025

One of the main problems of modern democracies is the alienation of citizens from political processes. In this context, civil society represents an important part of the democratic process. It provides citizens with an alternative option, in addition to the possibilities represented by political parties and lobby groups, to express different opinions and promote different interests in decision-making processes. On a global scale, Switzerland has long-term shown the highest values of satisfaction with its democracy and is a classic example of a political system using strong elements of direct democracy in practice. In the context of the possibilities of political participation of citizens in Switzerland, in addition to traditional elections, the two institutions of direct democracy, namely the referendum and the people's initiative, are the most widely used alternatives. On the other hand, the scheme shown by S. Huntington in his theory of the third wave of democratization in connection with the institutionalization of democratic political behavior is fully confirmed in Slovak society. According to his theory, resignation, or lack of interest in political affairs, mistrust of state authorities and politicians is a manifestation of disillusionment that arose in the new democratic systems. Most of these new democracies were characterized by the fact that at the time of the regime change, the participation of citizens in elections was very high, but in the following period it began to decline sharply. The aim of the submitted contribution will be to present the realities of two civil societies with their diametrically different historical-political development and, thanks to the comparison of selected elements, to bring both the status and common/different features regarding the phenomenon of persistent electoral (non-)participation in the conditions of the Slovak Republic and the Swiss Confederation.
Связь между постоянной Планка h и гравитационной постоянной G.
Authors: Дударев Валерий
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена раскрытию связи между постоянной Планка h гравитационной постоянной G. В настоящее время постоянная Планка h определена с большой точностью. В отличии от неё точность измерений постоянная гравитации G на несколько порядков ниже точности других физических величин, в том числе постоянной Планка h. В статье раскрывается связь между вышеуказанными постоянными .