bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PEMBINAAN NARAPIDANA YANG MENDAPATKAN PEMBEBASAN BERSYARAT
Authors: Wahyudi Imam
Published: July 2020

Masyarakat yang hidup dalam suatu Negara tidak selalu damai dan tentram, karena kejahatan pasti ada diantara mereka.Untuk menanggulangi hal tersebut setiap Negara memiliki sistem yang diberlakukan salah satunya di Indonesia yang menggunakan hukuman berupa penjara bagi pelaku tindak pidana.Pemberian hukuman berupa penjara ini tidak hanya bertujuan untuk memberikan hukuman saja, namun juga menjadi sarana untuk merubah pelaku kejahatan sehingga dapat menjadi manusia yang lebih baik.Salah satu hak dari narapidana yaitu mendapatkan pembebasan bersyarat. Seperti diketahui jika di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan segala tindakan dari narapidana dalam pengawasan ketat, namun hal yang berbeda ketika narapidana mendapatkan pembebasan bersyarat, karena mereka akan berada di luar lembaga pemasyarakatan dan hidup ditengah-tengah masyarakat. Untuk itu dibutuhkan bentuk pembinaan dan pembimbingan khusus menyesuaikan kondisi dari narapidana tersebut serta kontroling dan pengawasan dari petugas. Untuk itu artikel ini akan membahas mengenai proses pemberian bebas bersyarat, bentuk-bentuk pembinaan yang diberikan untuk narapidana bebas bersyarat dan juga mengenai hambatan/kendala dalam pelaksanaan pembinaan dan pembimbingan terhadap narapidana yang memperoleh pembebasan bersyarat. Secara singkat disimpulkan bahwa narapidana meskipun mendapatkan pembebasan bersyarat statusnya masih sebagai narapidana yang mempunyai kewajiban, diawasi dan harus menjaga agar selama masa pembebasan bersyarat tidak melakukan hal-hal yang dapat dicabutnya hak atas pembebasan ersyarat tersebut.Selain itu bentuk pembinaan yang dibutuhkan adalah berupa pembinaan mental dan juga dukungan dari pihak keluarga, dan juga masyarakat yang membantu narapidana dapat diterima kembali di lingkungannya.Karena hambatan dari berhasilnya pembinaan tersebut dapat berasal dari dalam Bapas atau dari luar Bapas, sehingga semua pihak terkait harus saling mendukung untuk dapat dicapainya tujuan dari dilakukannya pembebasan bersyarat tersebut.

 

Kata kunci: narapidana, bebas, bersyarat, hambatan, pembinaan
All pandemics of the world: Their space conditionality and forecasting
Authors: Sukharev V , Nikitin A. , Zavaliy A
Published: July 2020

Currently, there is an unprecedented struggle among epidemiologists to create reliable means of protection against the new deadly corona-virus disease "COVID-19"that has engulfed human civilization. The situation is complicated by the lack of a clear understanding of the physical nature of viral epidemics and pandemics. The article based on the "space wave electromagnetic resonance concept" developed by the authors shows that the most likely cause of the corona virus pandemic, as well as most of the major pandemics of the past, were powerful electromagnetic and gravitational disturbances coming from Space.
Philosophical collisions of «The strategic planning» and its low support
Authors: Domakov V , Matveev Vladimir
Published: July 2020

State of matter: The vital activity of society through the enrichment of its en-trepreneurial part, with the a priori assumption is as soon as it is enriched, universal prosperity will immediately come at all times served by a legalized open (pro-grammed) “direction” with a personification and violent character. When conducting business activities - open (program) management, which was called "management".

The concern of managers about the imperfection of the “rule” method and the power, which is a form of its expression, has led to the emergence of unique ideas about “strategic planning”. This concept was introduced in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated June 28, 2014 N 172 “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”.

However, in the adopted law the proposals by unknown authors about “strategic planning” turned out to be connected with serious semantic conflicts regarding its essence, content and form.

Results: As a result of the analysis of the essence, content and form of the cate-gory “planning” and the category «strategic», it was found that the phrase «strategic planning» cannot include «goal-setting, forecasting, planning and programming of socio-economic development», since «planning» is an integral part of «board» and «management (board)», and the combination of «goal-setting, forecasting and pro-gramming of socio-economic development» has nothing to do with the content of the concept of «strategic».

In this regard, «strategic planning» can only be considered as a «doctrine of the preliminary distribution of all available forces and means for their best location and use, ensuring the realization of the formulated goal at a given time interval and the solution at this interval, taking into account the real conditions set for its achievement tasks», which is fully consistent with the essence, content and form of the category «plan».

The scope of the results: The results can be widely used in practice in a con-stantly changing objective reality.

Conclusions: In the real constantly changing environment of being, only the legalized method of “managing” with its characteristic closed functional and organizational structures can ensure the creation of conditions for extracting the most useful properties from any property.
Socio-political aspects of the processes of improvement of the system of military-political administration in providing national security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Tolstykh V.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the impact of the crisis occurring recently in the world, including the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic related to the state of the military-political management system of the Russian Federation while ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the ability of the system to withstand modern dangers and threats aimed at destabilizing the domestic political and social situation and identifies the most important areas for improving military-political management in the medium and long term.
Stage components of business games when training students in building an integrated information protection system
Authors: Fedorov D. , Verzilova A. , Khoroshenko V. , Buinevich M.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses issues related to the necessary stage components of designing business games for teaching students to build an integrated information security system at an enterprise: features of the analysis of the initial data of an economic entity, the need to conduct a risk assessment in the context of the dynamics of the external world, ensuring the variability of building a protection strategy, forming an objective assessment the effectiveness of the protection system built by the participants.
International migration in Russia: Key directions and possible effects
Authors: Lipatova L
Published: July 2020

Based on the analysis of statistical information and expert estimates, the arti-cle examines the situation in the Russian Federation in the field of international migration. The main trends and problems are identified, and ways to solve them are proposed. The special danger of the emigration of young people, entrepreneurs, scientists and highly qualified specialists is emphasized.
Clinical Pharmacology in Health Care, Teaching and Research
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: July 2020

Published jointly by CIOMS, IUPHAR and WHO in 2012 under the title "Clinical Pharmacology in Health Care, Teaching and Research".

Russian Association of Clinical Pharmacologists is gratefully acknowledged for its generous support to make this publication available in Russian.

Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences 20, Avenue Appia CH-1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland
The Impact of Non-Native English on Omissions in Simultaneous Interpreting
Authors: ERASLAN Şeyda
Published: July 2020

Omission is a strategy or technique in interpreting, whether it is made for pragmatic reasons or processing capacity reasons. Following a review of the approaches to omission, this study sets out to explore the impact of a strong, non-native English accent on omission, if any. An experiment has been carried out on senior interpreting students, described below in detail to seek the relation between accent and omission. Moreover, the self-perceptions of interpreting students regarding the speech and their own performance obtained through post-experiment questionnaires and interviews will be discussed. In order to answer the research questions asked below, senior interpreting students’ simultaneous interpreting performances of identical texts read with and without a strong non-native English will be compared. After the student performances are analysed with respect to omission, the data will be backed by post-experiment questionnaires and interviews. The other research question is on the types of omissions. Thus, the study will dwell on both whether omissions are made, and if yes, why they are made. The conclusions are hoped to shed light on the use of the strategy of omission in simultaneous interpreting by interpreting students in the case of a strong, non-native accent and to have pedagogical implications besides practical ones.
Percepción de los beneficios de SMED bajo el punto de vista de los proveedores de servicios de mecanizado
Authors: Barduzzi J. , Vieira Junior M. , Baptista E. A. , Correr I.
Published: July 2020

Desde que fue propuesto por Shingo a mediados de los años 50, el método SMED ha sido ampliamente utilizado por empresas de todo el mundo. Sin embargo, no siempre es utilizado de una manera adecuada, y los usuarios no obtienen los beneficios derivados de esta metodología. Este trabajo aporta una investigación sobre la percepción de estos beneficios y sobre el uso efectivo del SMED. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta exploratoria con 40 proveedores de servicios de mecanizado localizados en el Estado de São Paulo - Brasil, que demostraron conocer la metodología, pero la mayoría de ellos no la utilizan adecuadamente y no perciben los beneficios que el SMED puede traer a empresas que buscan implementar un modelo Lean Manufacturing.
Estado actual de la investigación sobre Segmentación de clientes y Flexibilidad de la cadena de suministro. El desafío futuro de la Microsegmentación
Authors: Novais Luciano Romualdo , Maqueira Juan Manuel , Ortiz Bas Angel
Published: July 2020

Este artículo analiza el estado actual de la investigación sobre la Segmentación de Clientes (SC) y la Flexibilidad de la Cadena de Suministro (FCS). Para ello se realiza una revisión sistemática de 38 artículos que tratan sobre la relación entre SC y FCS. A partir de este análisis se destaca el consenso sobre la existencia de una relación positiva entre SC y FCS. También se destaca el desafío futuro que presenta la investigación sobre la utilización de estrategias de Microsegmentación de Clientes (MSC), como son la personalización y personalización en masa, como respuesta productiva a la necesidad de FCS.
Oportunidades dentro de los procesos de mundialización textil internacional y relación con la RSE a través de un analisis DELPHI: ética o estética
Authors: Luque-González Arturo , Hernández-Zubizarreta Juan , De Pablos-Heredro Carmen
Published: July 2020

El sector textil internacional ha evolucionado en todas las direcciones aprovechándose de los recursos existentes en cada momento para crecer. Desde aproximadamente los años 1990 se empiezan a desarrollar sin precedentes los sistemas de transporte y telecomunicación hasta hoy en día donde la comunicación telemática de carácter autónomo es el proceder diario de la producción y sus cadenas de valor globales. Se coordinan miles de proveedores y millones de clientes de manera simultánea generando un torrente de información que permite tomar decisiones más ajustadas. Desde una perspectiva crítica, basada en el análisis de la literatura precedente, en este trabajo se ha contado con la participación de 55 expertos donde a través de un análisis Delphi, se han analizado oportunidades del sector.
Modelos de inteligencia organizativa y recomendaciones para el desarrollo de la inteligencia organizativa
Authors: Moro González Patricia , García Muiña Fernando E.
Published: July 2020

El desarrollo de Inteligencia Organizativa, aún siendo el reto más ambicioso e ineludible de las empresas actuales, encierra innegables dificultades. En este trabajo, en primer lugar, llevaremos a cabo un análisis comparativo de los enfoques teóricos más reveladores que discuten el concepto de Inteligencia Organizativa - se trata de un análisis oportuno, no sólo debido a la heterogeneidad y la rápida evolución del concepto de Inteligencia Organizativa, sino también debido a la disparidad encontrada en las perspectivas seguidas por los modelos teóricos que la formulan. Nuestro objetivo es contribuir a esta área, ofreciendo una discusión teórica detallada y proponiendo una clasificación de diferentes modelos de inteligencia que ponen en evidencia nuevas estrategias para mejorar la toma de decisiones directiva. En segundo lugar, presentaremos algunas consideraciones prácticas, con aplicación en el desarrollo de políticas para la creación y desarrollo de inteligencia dentro de las organizaciones. El éxito en la implementación de estas medidas y la superación de ciertas barreras organizativas, asegurarán una importante mejora en la competitividad de las empresas, en un entorno competitivo cada día más exigente y dinámico.
IM2, un Modelo de Madurez para la innovación en PYMEs
Authors: Igartua Juan Ignacio , Retegi Javier , Ganzarain Jaione
Published: July 2020

Este artículo presenta una herramienta para evaluar de una forma rápida los enfoques y prácticas de innovación de una PYME. Para el desarrollo del modelo de madurez propuesto (IM2), se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura que se ha centrado en las buenas prácticas relacionadas con la innovación y su gestión. La experiencia de implantación muestra la bondad de la herramienta a la hora de focalizar la innovación en áreas estratégicas de la empresa, así como un método práctico para el fomento de la innovación en las PYMEs a través de una “receta paso a paso”.
Una revisión del estado del arte de los problemas asociados al transporte vertical mediante ascensores en edificios
Authors: Cortés Pablo , Onieva Luis , Muñuzuri Jesús , Guadix José
Published: July 2020

El transporte vertical es una disciplina que estudia los movimientos de personas en edificios. Los edificios altos se han convertido en una construcción común hoy en día. En dichos edificios, el transporte vertical es un problema que requiere un enfoque sistemático y ordenado. Así, para casos extremos en determinados edificios singulares, la ordenación del transporte vertical se convierte en un problema muy difícil de manejar, especialmente cuando diferentes personas llegan casi al mismo tiempo a plantas específicas deseando viajar hasta otras plantas de destino. Para resolver tales situaciones, la instalación de sistemas de control de grupos de ascensores (conocidos en inglés como Elevator Group Control Systems, EGCS) es una práctica habitual. Los EGCS se utilizan para gestionar ascensores coordinados múltiples en un edificio con el objeto de transportar pasajeros de manera eficiente. Los EGCS deben satisfacer las demandas asignando un ascensor a cada llamada de planta, realizando el despacho de ascensores atendiendo a diferentes criterios de optimización. Este artículo realiza una revisión sistemática y muestra distintas clasificaciones de las contribuciones más relevantes en la industria del transporte vertical, abordando tanto la revisión de la literatura científica, como las patentes en la industria y los trabajos recogidos en revistas de carácter profesional.
Aplicación de técnicas Lean Construction a través de un método de Action Research en los procesos de gestión de una empresa constructora
Authors: Fernández Vázquez-Noguerol M. , Rodríguez-García M. , Prado-Prado J.C.
Published: July 2020

En este artículo, se desarrolla un método de Action Research para implementar técnicas de Lean Construction en los procesos de gestión de una empresa constructora. A través de la creación de equipos formados por profesionales de distintas áreas, se busca definir e implementar diferentes mejoras. Nuestra investigación se divide en tres fases: captación de datos, definición de las líneas de actuación e implementación y seguimiento del plan de actuación. Los resultados de nuestro estudio sugieren que la colaboración entre los diferentes departamentos ayuda a lograr un cambio empresarial significativo y a potenciar la implementación de la filosofía Lean Construction.
Rede de Stakeholders no Sector de TIC: Estudo Comparativo entre as Características das Redes de Colaboraçao Tecnológica que se formam em Tandil-Argentina e no Recife-Brasil
Authors: Mayoral Luisa , Pontes Regis Helder , Nunes Bezerra De Melo Paulo Thiago
Published: July 2020

Este estudo analisa comparativamente as características das redes de stakeholders formadas pelos empresários do setor de TIC – Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação de Tandil – Argentina e do Recife-Brasil. Como base de sustentação teórica para a análise das redes de stakeholders, foram consideradas as quatro funções da mentoria: amizade, informação, confiança e aconselhamento. A análise possibilitou a identificação dos atores que desempenham papéis relevantes à manutenção e expansão da rede de apoio à inovação tecnológica nas duas cidades estudadas. No caso da Argentina, o suporte de mentoria é caracterizado por sub-redes baseadas em aconselhamento e informação. A amizade e a confiança, apesar de presentes, acontecem em menor intensidade. Estes achados foram confrontados através da medição da força dos laços, tendo sido confirmados pela predominância de laços fracos, caracterizando-se por uma rede aberta ao processo de inovação. Por outro lado, no Brasil a rede de confiança é maior do que a rede de informação e os laços fortes de interação predominam entre os stakeholders. Estas características não favorecem aos processos de inovação. Uma característica que se mostrou comum aos dois países foi a diversidade de papéis desempenhados pelos stakeholders envolvidos. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que se faz necessário considerar a identificação de stakeholders com base no reconhecimento de atores sociais que desempenham papéis específicos. Conclui-se que estas diferenças se devem em parte às bases de formação das redes. Conclui-se que estas diferenças se devem às bases de formação das duas redes: no caso argentino, a formação ocorreu a partir da demanda do mercado e no caso brasileiro houve um forte incentivo governamental na formação de um cluster de empresas de TIC.
Confort adaptativo aplicado a edificios escolares y aplicabilidad en el sur de España
Authors: Aparicio-Ruiz Pablo , Onieva Luis , Escudero-Santana Alejandro , Muñuzuri Jesús
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la aplicabilidad del confort adaptativo a edificios escolares en el sur de España. Se busca comprender mejor la percepción del confort térmico, encontrar las posibilidades de ahorro energético y analizar las características de los estudios en los escolares y sus aptitudes conductuales relacionadas. Además, se propone la metodología más idónea y los tamaños de las muestras de los estudios hasta ahora desarrollados, para definir el desarrollo de un estudio de confort adaptativo para edificios escolares en Andalucía, estos estudios están dirigidos a conseguir alcanzar el máximo confort posible junto al ahorro energético.
Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements
Authors: Suciu Maria , Ionescu Corina M , Ciorita Alexandra , Tripon Septimiu C , Nica Dragos , Al-Salami Hani , Barbu-Tudoran Lucian
Published: July 2020

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have unique properties with regard to biological and medical applications. SPIONs have been used in clinical settings although their safety of use remains unclear due to the great differences in their structure and in intra- and inter-patient absorption and response. This review addresses potential applications of SPIONs in vitro (formulations), ex vivo (in biological cells and tissues) and in vivo (preclinical animal models), as well as potential biomedical applications in the context of drug targeting, disease treatment and therapeutic efficacy, and safety studies.
Mechanism of Base-Catalyzed Halogen Dance Reactions and the Role of Bromo-Bridged Transition States
Authors: Sakhaee Nader , Fazaeli Yousef , Doustkhah Esmail , Sakhaee Sahar , Takallou Ahmad , Mobaraki Akbar
Published: July 2020

Base-catalyzed halogen dance reaction, has puzzled chemists ever since, to come up with new ideas regarding the mechanism of this beautiful chemical transformation. Series of fast metal-halogen exchanges are among the most recent mechanisms. Using DFT-Cam-B3LYP/ land2dz computations and focused on Halogen Dance (HD) reactions of bromobenzene derivatives, new bromo-bridged Transition States (TS) are proposed. These are then used to lay out 8 possible isomerization and 18 possible disproportionation paths. Mechanistic pathways were then analyzed based on TS’s energy and protonation/deprotonation steps to find the most suitable pathways. Overall pattern of these mechanisms draws for the first-time a cascade-like pattern for base-catalyzed halogen dance in its entirety. The present work shed light on a dynamic domino mechanism which dominates the realm of nonaqueous strongly basic medium reactions. Trends like these may well be a shared feature in base digestion of wood for its precious poly aromatic component like lignin.
Additions to Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales): Elongaticollum gen. nov., Ophiosphaerella taiwanensis sp. nov., Phaeosphaeriopsis beaucarneae sp. nov. and a new host record of Neosetophoma poaceicola from Musaceae
Authors: Tennakoon Danushka S. , Thambugala Kasun M. , Wanasinghe Dhanushka N. , Gentekaki Eleni , Promputtha Itthayakorn , Kuo Chang-Hsin , Hyde Kevin D.
Published: July 2020

A novel ascomycetous genus, Elongaticollum, occurring on leaf litter of Hedychium coronarium (Zingiberaceae) in Taiwan, is described and illustrated. Elongaticollum is characterized by dark brown to black, superficial, obpyriform, pycnidial conidiomata with a distinct elongate neck, and oval to oblong, hyaline, aseptate conidia. Phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian) of combined ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1-α sequence data revealed Elongaticollum as a distinct genus within the family Phaeosphaeriaceae with high statistical support. In addition, Ophiosphaerella taiwanensis and Phaeosphaeriopsis beaucarneae are described as new species from dead leaves of Agave tequilana and Beaucarnea recurvata (Asparagaceae), respectively. Neosetophoma poaceicola is reported as a new host record from dead leaves of Musa acuminata (Musaceae). Newly described taxa are compared with other similar species and comprehensive descriptions and micrographs are provided.
'Socialism in one NHS!'
Authors: Corrigan Paul
Published: July 2020

British society is in the main securely embedded within capitalism, but the British public still strongly believes that health services should be distributed with 'equal access for all free at the point of need' and actively support the NHS. How far can this principle thrive or survive
in a capitalist society? Three main areas are identified in which there could be an improvement in the performance of the NHS. Firstly, there are parts of the NHS experience where the understanding of the importance of use value could be extended through a greater recognition of the role of
patients, relatives and carers in providing care. Secondly, the NHS needs to become less hierarchical, and to allow patients' carers and the community access to more knowledge and capacity so that they will be better able to deliver their part of healthcare. Thirdly, a more proactive NHS could
have a greater impact on the inequalities of health that exist in our society.
Nutritional quality and phytochemical contents of cold pressed oil obtained from chia, milk thistle, nigella, and white and black poppy seeds
Authors: Rokosik E. , Dwiecki K. , Siger A.
Published: July 2020

Cold pressed oils obtained from chia (Salvia hispanica L.), milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.), nigella (Nigella sativa L.), and white and black varieties of poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) seeds were character­ized. The nutritional quality was determined based on the analysis of fatty acids, tocochromanol and phytos­terol contents, as well as antioxidant activity and general physico-chemical properties. Among the oils analyzed the fatty acid composition most beneficial for health was found in chia seed oil, with 65.62% of α-linolenic acid and the n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio of 1:3.5. Other oils studied were rich sources of linoleic acid (18.35-74.70%). Chia seed oil was also distinguished by high contents of phytosterols, mainly β-sitosterol (2160.17 mg/kg oil). The highest content of tocochromanols was found in milk thistle oil with dominant α-tocopherol (530.2 mg/kg oil). In contrast, the highest antioxidant activity was recorded for nigella oil (10.23 μM Trolox/g), which indi­cated that, in addition to tocopherols, other antioxidants influenced its antioxidant potential.
Authentication of olive oil based on DNA analysis
Authors: Batrinou A. , Strati I. F. , Houhoula D. , Tsaknis J. , Sinanoglou V. J.
Published: July 2020

Olive oil, which has been produced mainly in the Mediterranean area since the ancient times, has a high nutritional value linked to many health benefits. Extra virgin, which is the purest form of olive oil, has excellent quality and premium prices. Many cases of adulteration and fraud necessitate the development of reliable and accurate methods for olive oil authentication. DNA-based methods analyze the residual DNA extracted from olive oil and use molecular markers for genetic identification of different species, subspecies or cultivars because these markers act as signs which reflect distinct genetic profiles. This study reviews the process by which DNA from olive oil is extracted and analyzed by the most recently used markers in the authentication of olive oil, such as Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) or microsatellites and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Methods of analysis such as qPCR and digital PCR are also discussed with a special emphasis placed on the method of High-Resolution Melting (HRM), a post-polymerase chain reaction method, which enables rapid, high performing identification of genetic variants in the DNA regions of interest without sequencing, and may differentiate very similar cultivars which differ in only one nucleotide in a specific locus.
En marge des institutions ?
Authors: Lisack Lucille
Published: July 2020

À partir d’une ethnographie des institutions conçues non de manière statique, mais comme des processus, ce travail analyse la catégorie instituée de « musique contemporaine » dans l’Ouzbékistan indépendant des années 1990 et 2000, au moment où le pays est secoué par les bouleversements institutionnels qui suivent l’effondrement de l’URSS. Les deux événements observés, un « Festival international de musique contemporaine » et une master class de composition, ont suscité des pratiques et des discours qui ont en partie redessiné le paysage musical de Tachkent. D’abord soutenu par des ONG, les organisateurs se sont finalement rapproché des organes étatiques de la politique musicale. En insérant la « musique contemporaine » dans le système des institutions musicales du pays, ils mettent en œuvre un jeu de création réciproque entre les institutions et les catégories instituées.
L’enseignement du tabla dans les universités indiennes
Authors: Bourgeau Antoine
Published: July 2020

Cette étude présente l’enseignement du tablā dans deux universités en Inde. Elle aborde l’approche pédagogique déployée et les conséquences artistiques et sociales sur la culture du tablā. La recherche décrit l’importance dans ce cadre institutionnel d’une transmission orale inscrite dans une relation professeur-élève codifiée tout en laissant une place à l’écriture. L'enquête montre que cet enseignement ne peut prétendre, à lui seul, à la formation de d’interprètes professionnels faute d’une spécialisation et de temps. Bien que disposant de vastes connaissances, les diplômés ont bien souvent un niveau de compétences pratiques insuffisant au regard des exigences de la scène musicale hindoustanie. Pour autant, ces écoles forment de nouveaux enseignants, dispensent des connaissances générales et techniques pouvant satisfaire à différentes professions du monde musical et délivrent des diplômes assurant une certaine reconnaissance sociale. Elles ont également mis en valeur le gharānā en tant qu’institution sociale indissociable de la musique hindoustanie et désignant, pour les musiciens, une appartenance prestigieuse, largement revendiquée.
Le machine learning et les sciences sociales à l’épreuve des échelles de complexité algorithmique
Authors: Boullier Dominique , El Mhamdi El Mahdi
Published: July 2020

Le Machine Learning, ou méthodes d’apprentissage utilisées pour constituer ce qu’on appelle Intelligence Artificielle, est plus diversifié qu’on ne le présente en général. En s’appuyant notamment sur la classification proposée par Domingos, l’article commence par présenter différentes approches du ML. En confrontant ces approches formelles aux pratiques relatées durant des défis Kaggle, nous montrons ensuite que les décisions effectives des Machines Learners sont avant tout dictées par les données disponibles et l’échelle de complexité des problèmes à traiter. Cet argument permet de relativiser la toute-puissance attribuée au Machine Learning mais aussi, pour les sciences sociales, de préciser leur collaboration possible, à la fois comme travail préalable d’exploration des dimensions d’un problème et comme accompagnement du travail des Machine Learners de réduction nécessaire de ces dimensions.
Normativité des modèles et régimes du futur
Authors: Li Vigni Fabrizio
Published: July 2020

À partir d’une étude sociologique sur deux spécialités – la géographie quantitative et l’épidémiologie computationnelle – inscrites dans les « sciences des systèmes complexes », l’article questionne la prétendue unité de ce domaine pluridisciplinaire et transnational, souvent présenté au singulier sous la formule de « complexity science ». Que l’on prenne en compte leurs origines historiques, leurs pratiques de recherche, leurs épistémologies ou leurs institutions, les sciences de la complexité apparaissent dans toute leur diversité sociale et épistémique. Si ces aspects n’ont été que faiblement abordées dans la littérature des sciences humaines et sociales, leurs points de vue normatifs et leurs activités transépistémiques n’ont fait l’objet d’aucune recherche. Grâce au concept de « communauté d’anticipation » proposé par la sociologue Céline Granjou, qui permet de tenir ensemble à la fois un mode de production de connaissances, un certain type d’activités transépistémiques, un certain rapport au futur et un certain point de vue normatif sur le monde, l’analyse offre la description de trois groupes – nommés la « communauté du conseil urbanistique » (géographie), la « communauté de l’aide à la décision épidémiologique » (épidémiologie) et la « communauté de la modélisation d’accompagnement socio-écologique » (géographie et d’autres disciplines). L’article contribue ainsi à déconstruire l’image unitaire des sciences de la complexité, que certain·e·s de ses représentant·e·s et observateur·trice·s contribuent à entretenir, et offre une application possible du concept de « communauté d’anticipation », ici discuté et adapté à l’objet d’étude de cet article.
La science fait de la résistance
Authors: Chavinskaia Lidia
Published: July 2020

Lorsque l’agencement marchand de la sélection bovine est mis à l’épreuve de la globalisation néolibérale, une communauté de généticiens engage un travail techno-politique à l’international afin de préserver une diversité nécessaire à la durabilité du marché des ressources génétiques. Une connaissance particulière sur l’interaction génotype-milieu est alors mobilisée dans les dispositifs d’évaluation des produits génétiques mis sur le marché. La race Holstein-Frisonne, la plus emblématique en termes de la globalisation industrielle et marchande, sert de support à l’analyse présentée dans l’article.
L’institutionnalisation du khöömii en Mongolie
Authors: Curtet Johanni
Published: July 2020

Dans une perspective ethnomusicologique et historique, l’article se penche sur la spectacularisation, l’académisation et la patrimonialisation du khöömii (technique vocale diphonique mongole). Il interroge la transmission et le devenir d’une tradition orale face aux enjeux de son institutionnalisation. Il rend compte de certains effets des processus à l’œuvre.
EVOKED POTENTIAL PRIMITIVES OF RAT MOTOR CORTEX SIGNAL ANALYSIS BASED ON ITERATED FUNCTION SYSTEMS
Authors: Lo Rong-Chin , Kuo Tung-Tai , Lee Ren-Guey , Chen Yuan-Hao , Lim Chuan Chin
Published: July 2020

The function of the brain has been the focus of neuroscience studies for nearly half a century. The studies found that the evoked potential signals of the motor cortex are the main source to command action. An action signal is composed of several signal primitives that are mainly generated by the motor cortex. It was found that signal primitives of the motor cortex can be produced by several fixed rules and a group of codes called iterated function systems (IFS) code. The goal of our research is to find the relationships between the signal primitives of the motor cortex and actions. We recorded the action signals of the rat motor cortex using 8-channel micro-electrodes and used independent component analysis (ICA) to find the independent source signals called signal primitives. Then, the IFS algorithm was used to find the signal primitive codes, which is the IFS code. The experimental results showed that the source signals of actions produce the IFS rules and a set of codes by the IFS algorithm and conversely, using the IFS rules and the set of codes can reconstruct the source signals. Every 20-character length of action signals will generate unique 6-character IFS codes, meaning that the action signals can be replaced with IFS codes to achieve the compression. We found that the IFS rules and codes can be used to represent different cortex commands which have distinct IFS codes that can be used to classify the movements of rat. The classification result reached 78.75% for rough movement and nearly 50% for subtle movement, where the rough movement is that the rat performs two motions and the subtle movement is three motions. This result shows that the motor cortex command can consist of distinct signal primitives and the huge file size of the motor cortex command is reduced three times by the IFS algorithm.
Morphological and Structural Analysis of Nd1(Fe)0.2Ba1.8Cu3O7-δ Oxide Material
Authors: Sujiono Eko Hadi , Mahendi Nurul Fitriyah , Haris Abdul , Dahlan M. Yusriadi , Amin Bunga Dara , Samnur  , Zabrian Dirfan
Published: July 2020

Nd1(Fe)0.2Ba1.8Cu3O7-δ oxide material have been successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction with modified heat treatment process to improve the heat time efficiency, calcination at 950°C for six hours, sintering at 975°C fo six hours, and annealing at 450°C for six hours, respectively. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that a single-phase form of Nd1(Fe)0.2Ba1.8Cu3O7-δ is an orthorhombic (Pmmm) structure. The Rietveld refinement analysis found, the lattice parameter are a = 3.8758Å, b = 3.9101Å, and c = 11.7190Å with χ2 = 1.394%. The SEM-EDAX image shows that the samples are form clusters with size estimates of 10 - 40μm, and the elemental composition of the oxide materials is Ba rich.
Exploring Soft Magnetism in Amorphous Carbon Synthesized from Biomass
Authors: Astuti Fahmi , Maghfirohtuzzoimah Vera Laviara , Sari Novita , Ristiani Deril , Asih Retno , Baqiya Malik Anjelh , Kawamata Takayuki , Noji Takashi , Sato Hidetaka , Kato Masatsune , Sari Dita Puspita , Watanabe Isao , Darminto
Published: July 2020

Some studies of the usage of biomass to produce carbon-based compounds have been reported in the past. Here we report that palmyra sugar can be one of the sources to produce amorphous carbon (a-C) from biomass after the heating treatment at 250°C. In this paper, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) measurements are reported in order to check the detailed properties of a-C from palmyra sugar. The XRD data at a diffraction peak position (2θ) of ~23o support the formation of a-C. The functional groups detected by FTIR spectra consist of C=C, C-C, C-O, C=O, C-H and O-H. The remnant magnetization (Mr), coercive field (Hc) and saturation magnetization are estimated as ~0.1 10-3 emu/g, ~50 Oe and ~9 10-3 emu/g, respectively. Soft ferromagnetism in a-C from palmyra sugar is confirmed, comparable with the magnetization result in the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sample from coconut shell and rGO commercial material which have the same mixture hybridization. Some studies of the usage of biomass to produce carbon-based compounds have been reported in the past. Here we report that palmyra sugar can be one of the sources to produce amorphous carbon (a-C) from biomass after the heating treatment at 250°C. In this paper, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) measurements are reported in order to check the detailed properties of a-C from palmyra sugar. The XRD data at a diffraction peak position (2θ) of ~23o support the formation of a-C. The functional groups detected by FTIR spectra consist of C=C, C-C, C-O, C=O, C-H and O-H. The remnant magnetization (Mr), coercive field (Hc) and saturation magnetization are estimated as ~0.1 10-3 emu/g, ~50 Oe and ~9 10-3 emu/g, respectively. Soft ferromagnetism in a-C from palmyra sugar is confirmed, comparable with the magnetization result in the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sample from coconut shell and rGO commercial material which have the same mixture hybridization.
Comparison of the Crystalline Structure and Magnetic Properties in Coprecipitated CoFe2O4 and CoLa0.1Fe1.9O4
Authors: Setiyani Riyana Indah , Utari  , Iriani Yofentina , Purnama Budi
Published: July 2020

Comparison of the crystalline structure and magnetic properties in CoFe2O4 and CoLa0.1Fe1.9O4 nanoparticles have been studied. The obtained samples are characterized by using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The XRD results show that the crystallite size of the samples are 24.539 nm and 28.772 nm for the CoFe2O4 and CoLa0.1Fe1.9O4 nano particles, respectively. Furthermore, the crystalline strain is 0.00460 and lightly decreases to 0.00392 with the presence of lanthanum. The different of the atomic radius for both Fe3+ (1.26 Å) and La3+ (1.87 Å) should attribute to the change of the crystalline strain. FTIR results show that the absorption peak of the CoFe2O4 occur at k = 591.21/cm and the CoLa0.1Fe1.9O4 is 594.10/cm. This indicate that the lanthanum cation successfully substitutes to the original bonding-structure of the CoFe2O4. VSM results show that the HC are 1.02 kOe and 0.705 kOe for the samples without and with La3+ cations. Moreover, the MS is equal 69.625 emu/g and decrease of 55.70 emu/g with the present of the La3+ cations. Finally, the strains-induce-magnetism should contribute to the changes of the MS that associated with changes in crystalline strains at the previous discussion.
Study on Magnetic Properties of Na-Doped rGO Prepared from Coconut Shells
Authors: Ristiani Deril , Puspitasari Niken Sylvia , Asih Retno , Astuti Fahmi , Baqiya Malik Anjelh , Darminto
Published: July 2020

Na-doped reduced graphene oxide (Na-rGO) was prepared by wet mixing process of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in NaOH solution. The results showed that the rGO doped with Na ions can increase its magnetization approximately 2 times greater than that in rGO without doping. Saturation magnetization (Ms) for rGO and Na-rGO samples are 0.017 emu/g and 0.037 emu/g, respectively. The increasing value of magnetization is suggested to be due to defect presented in the Na-rGO samples. Both samples, rGO and Na-rGO, have the similar XRD (X-ray Diffraction) spectra that is marked by two characteristic diffraction peaks of rGO, which are associated with [002] and [10] planes, followed by the increasing inter-planar distance in Na-rGO samples which might be due to Na ions intercalation into rGO sheets, confirmed by the energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) result revealing the presence of Na atoms in rGO.
Low Critical Temperature at 10K on (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Wire with the TiO2 Doped Using Stainless Steel Tubes
Authors: Imaduddin Agung , Saragih Cindy Al Kindi , Sebleku Pius , Yudanto Sigit Dwi , Nugraha Heri , Lubis Hariyati , Marlina Hilda Ayu , Yuliana Zehan , Khaerudini Deni Shidqi , Darminto  , Pramono Andika Widya
Published: July 2020

Bi-type superconductor is a high-temperature superconductor with mainly applied in the field of electricity. Silver is used as a wire sheath which causes the price of this wire production to be high. In this study Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BPSCCO) wires were made by using stainless-steel (SS316) tubes which is cheaper and is not change its properties by the temperature of the formation of BPSCCO at 860°C. The preparation of superconducting wire is done by the Powder-In-Tube method, sintering and withdrawing/ rolling process. TiO2 powder was added to analyze the effect on the formation of BPSCCO. Based on analyzing results, there is a dominant impurity phase that has been formed, namely Fe2.5Ti0.5O4. We found that in the use of stainless-steel tubes and the TiO2 powder (5wt%), 2223 phase was not formed. Although, small amounts of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (2212) and Bi10Sr10Cu5O29 (2201) phases were found. Resistance versus temperature test using cryogenic equipment results indicate that there are symptoms of a low critical temperature around 10 K. 2212 and 2201 phases are thought to cause a low critical temperature in the samples, even though the decrease in electrical resistance does not reach zero. While the morphology of superconducting wire is quite well characterized from fairly even grains and only a small amount of porosity is formed.
Investigation to Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Properties of Non-Noble Metals: Fe, Ni, and Ni80Fe20
Authors: Sujak Muhammad , Djuhana Dede
Published: July 2020

In this work, we have investigated the localized surface plasmon resonance profile of promising non-noble metals such as nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and permalloy (Ni80Fe20) as an alternative plasmonic material. The nanoparticle formed a sphere with varying the diameter from 10 nm to 200 nm with increment 10 nm, and the medium of nanoparticles is air (1+0i). The calculation was carried out by metallic nanoparticle boundary element method package. Furthermore, our result shows that increasing diameter of particles (iron, nickel, and permalloy) would increase the efficiency of ratio scattering to absorption, and the LSPRs peak led to shift to lower energy (red-shift). The ratio of scattering to absorption indicates a strengthening of radiative damping in large particle-size which largely used in biological cell imaging. However, iron’s efficiency much lower than nickel and permalloy. For example, at the highest diameter, such 200 nm, the efficiency of iron is just over around 1.25 while nickel and permalloy well under nearly 2.0. In addition, nickel and permalloy’s LSPR happened in visible range. Our results serve a systematic understanding of the shifting spectrum pattern for prospective ferromagnetic materials
Benchmarking Full-Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (FLAPW) Method for Determination of Muon Stopping Sites in LiF
Authors: Murdaka Fiqhri Heda , Pradipto Abdul Muizz , Nakamura Kohji , Nugroho Agustinus Agung
Published: July 2020

Muon stopping sites in Lithium Fluoride have been determined based on the minimum electrostatic potential calculation using density functional theory implemented in the full-potential linearized augmented planewave method. The isosurface of the electrostatic potential obtained in our calculation is similar to the calculation obtained by using pseudopotential-based plane wave (PPPW) method reported by Bernadini et al. [Physical Review B, 87 (2013) 115148]. This yields to the two possible muon sites inside the cage structure of Li-F forming tetrahedral coordination. One of the muon sites is located at the center of the tetrahedral while the other is at the equivalent site of the tetrahedral. In spite of the similar isosurface results, our global minimum is found at the center of the tetrahedral in contrast to the previous result obtained at the tetrahedral sites. The strategy to determine the muon possible sites based on the minimum of the total energy of the system will also be considered including the muon sites position between the two fluorine ions (F-).
Preparation and Microwave Absorbing Properties of Natural Ferrites from Corrosion Product as Radar Absorber Materials in X-Band
Authors: Mashuri  , Faisal M.A.
Published: July 2020

Rust is the by product of oxidation on ferrous metal. Rust is extremely harmful and can’t be avoided. Due to that reason for added values on rust a research titled utilizing corrosion product as absorber for microwave on X-band frequency is done. This research goals are to determine the ability of rust to absorb radar waves by maximum reflection loss values. The study was conducted by taking a powder natural ferrites of rust from corroded ferrous metal in Surabaya, Malang, Bangkalan and then later separated by using a 0.1 T hard magnet. The XRF, XRD and VSM characterization showed that rust powder sample has chemical compound of ferrites (Fe3O4) with magnetite phase and a soft magnetic with Ms = 8 emu/g. Based on the measurement microwave absorbing by VNA showed that maximum reflection loss of natural ferrites Surabaya, Malang, Bangkalan respectively-20.15 dB, -12.64 dB and-6.75 dB, at matching frequency 11 GHz and width frequency 3 GHz.
Effect of Temperature Synthesize on the Crystalline Structures and Magnetic Properties in Co-Precipitated Cobalt Ferrite Bismuth Nanoparticles
Authors: Pratiwi Santi , Utari  , Purnama Budi
Published: July 2020

The synthesis of CoBi0.15Fe1.85O4 obtained from cobalt ferrite doped by bismuth using the coprecipitation method was successfully carried out by varying the temperature of the titration. In this study the temperature of titration was used at 65°C, 75°C, 85°C, and 95°C. Annealing was then carried out at a temperature of 800°C for 5 hours. The results of the synthesis were then characterized using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The increase of the magnetic characterization i.e. the saturation magnetization increases and coercivity attribute the increase of the anisotropy crystalline.