bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal Analysis in the Quality Study of Chocolate and Confectionery Products
Authors: Верещагин Александр , Vereshchagin Alexander , Резниченко Ирина , Reznichenko Irina , Бычин Николай , Bychin Nicolay
Published: August 2019

High and unstable prices on such cocoa products as cocoa butter have triggered a search for substitutes. Thus, it is necessary to develop identification methods for chocolate authenticity, since chocolate is one of the most popular confectionery products. The present research employed the methods of thermal and thermomechanical analysis to study samples of chocolate produced in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Community (the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the Republic of Belarus) and chocolate bars with cocoa butter substitutes. An analysis of the sucrose – cocoa butter (CB) system revealed that samples with CB = 10–30%, 60%, and 90% demonstrated a single polymorphic modification of glycerides CB α-form with a melting point of 21–23°C. The samples with CB = 0%, 50%, 70%, and 80% showed a more heat-resistant modification (β’-modification) with a maximum melting point of 27.0–27.5°C. In addition, the melting peaks of glycerides were found not constant, which may indicate a eutectic effect in the sucrose – CB system. The samples of chocolate produced in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan passed the tempering stage and demonstrated the most heat-resistant β-modification of CB. However, the samples differed in the melting temperature: T max = 33.9°C for the Russian chocolate and T = 34.8°C for

the samples from Kazakhstan (the Rakhat brand). The samples from Belarus did not pass the tempering and were found to contain a thermodynamically unstable CB α-phase (the Kommunarka factory). The samples produced by the Spartak factory (Gomel, the republic of Belarus) contained an additional CB β’-phase. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves for chocolate bars with CB substitutes differed from the DSC curves for cocoa butter and chocolate samples. The fact can be used for identification. The DSC method can be used to identify the individual characteristics of the producer of chocolate and its analogues since the parameters of the melting curve of the fat phase and the shape of the curve are individual. The thermomagnetic analysis (TMA) method complemented the identification by determining the mass fraction of the liquid phase. Joint application of DSC and TMA methods allowed the authors to evaluate the quality of chocolate, its formulation, as well as to reveal the presence of cocoa products substitutes in the samples as compared to the reference sample.
Grain Composites with a Complementary Amino Acid Composition in Food and Fodder
Authors: Колпакова Валентина , Kolpakova Valentina , Уланова Рузалия , Ulanova Ruzaliya , Куликов Денис , Kulikov Denis , Гулакова Валентина , Gulakova Valentina , Кадиева Альбина , Kadieva Albina
Published: August 2019

The present paper features processes of serum biotransformation. The serum was obtained from triticale extract and pea flour after protein concentrates of increased biological value had been extracted. The research objective was to obtain microbial and vegetable feed concentrates by using a composition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae121 yeast and the yeast-like fungus Geotrichumcandidum 977. The mass fraction of protein in the two-component composites was 75–80% of the dry matter. The score of the first and the second limiting amino acids (lysine and threonine) equaled 103–113%, and that of the third acid (sulfur- containing) was 71–72%. The chemical composition of the composites corresponded to the ‘Concentrates’ group; the values of their functional and technological properties were typical of concentrates from other types of grain crops. The study revealed some cultures that are able to actively develop in serum, which is a secondary product of processing the extract after protein isolation. A symbiotic ferment was prepared from the fungus Geotrichumcandidum 977 and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 121, which ensures the growth of biomass in a carbohydrate- and nitrogen-containing medium. Proteins were isolated under the action of amylase, glucoamylase, cellulose, and xylanase. The amount of high-molecular compounds (dextrins) and trioses (raffinose) released from the interaction with protein and non-starch polysaccharides decreased 2–4 times in the solution. The amount of glucose, disaccharides, xylose, and galactose increased 2–10 times, compared with the original extracts. The serum remaining after the removal of the main mass of the protein was enriched with low molecular weight mono- and oligosaccharides, which positively affected the growth of microorganisms. The mass fraction of proteins in the microbial-vegetable composite obtained from the extract with the triticale proteins and pea flour ratio of 1:5 was 15% higher than at the ratio of 1:3. Microbial and vegetable concentrates with a mass fraction of protein of 55.8–75.1% of dry matter can be used in fodder production as a protein-carbohydrate additive. Protein composites made of protein triticale and peas with a complementary amino acid composition can improve the biological value and performance of food products.
The effect of roughness and rainfall on hydrodynamic properties of overland flow
Authors: Wang Jingwen , Zhang Kuandi , Yang Mingyi , Meng He , Li Pu
Published: August 2019

Overland flow is the initial driver of slope surface erosion. To discover resistance characteristics of overland flow influenced by rainfall intensity and roughness, indoor simulated rainfall experiments with six kinds of roughness, five flow discharges, and five rainfall intensities were investigated. Results showed that overland flow over rough surfaces could be considered as laminar and turbulent flow when using flow Reynolds number. According to roll waves observed, flow regimes belonged to the laminar transitional zone based on the viscosity-to-depth ratio. A critical water depth formula for overland flow was re-derived, and it showed that this test water flow consisted of supercritical flow in most cases, and subcritical flow in only a few cases. The flow resistance coefficient increased with increasing roughness, whereas it decreased as rainfall intensity increased. Considering the ‘increasing resistance’ phenomenon, this study focused on frictional resistance, thickness of the viscous sublayer, pressure drag and roll waves. Finally, a formula for sheet flow resistance was proposed based on resistance segmentation and multi-element linear regression. These findings are of significance both for understanding the characteristics and development of overland flow and overland flow dynamics.
The effect of forest rehabilitation on runoff and hydrological factors in the upstream area of the Ubolratana Reservoir in Thailand
Authors: Sriworamas Krit , Prasanchum Haris , Supakosol Jirawat
Published: August 2019

Thailand's forests in reservoir watershed areas are declining at an alarming rate due to land use demand. Reforestation aiming at maintaining optimum forest areas becomes a top priority in reservoir management planning which needs hydrologic responses as inputs. This study aims at measurable assessment of the changes in hydrologic responses of the Ubolratana Reservoir in northeastern Thailand due to increasing forest areas. The assessment was done in two parts: (i) forest areas by CA Markov model and (ii) rainfall–runoff by Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Assessment results indicate that increasing forest areas cause a decrease of runoff, peak flow, and hence, inflow volume into the reservoir. The optimum size of forest area was found to be much larger than the existing size, confirming the need for existing reforestation. Additional benefits of pursuing reforestation include less erosion and sedimentation which are required in reservoir management planning.
Fungal and marine shell fouling in desalination plant equipment
Authors: Saeed Mohamed O. , Al-Otaibi Ghazzai F. , Ershath M. I. Mohamed
Published: August 2019

The Saudi Arabian Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) aims to maintain an uninterrupted desalinated water output and has tasked its Desalination Technologies Research Institute (DTRI) with trouble-shooting operational problems and unusual events faced by its desalination plants. Three events were reported and investigated by DTRI. Two were found to involve fungal fouling, and one was found to involve fouling by marine shells. One case of fungal fouling involved a new seawater reverse osmosis membrane and the plant was advised to review the handling and storage practice of membranes. The other case involved product water hoses and manifested itself in the form of black slimy deposits arising from dense fungal growth. The fungus originated from new product hoses and was eliminated by shock-dosing replacement hoses with chlorine. The marine shell fouling involved a feed water line of a combined power/desalination plant. Chlorine, hydrochloric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and fresh water were used to assess their ability to control marine shell fouling in laboratory experiments, with varying results. Since high doses of chlorine were not effective in controlling marine shell fouling, the practice of continuous chlorination should be abandoned in favor of an alternative chlorination regimen, e.g., pulse chlorination.
Effect of chemical aging of Alternanthera philoxeroides-derived biochar on the adsorption of Pb(II)
Authors: Wang Xuan , Jing Yande , Cao Yongqiang , Xu Shuo , Chen Lidong
Published: August 2019

In this study, biochar was prepared from Alternanthera philoxeroides (AP) under O2-limited condition at 350 °C (LB) and 650 °C (HB) and treated with aging by HNO3/H2SO4 oxidation. Structural changes of the biochar after aging treatment and the treatment's effect on Pb(II) absorption were explored. The results showed that oxygen-containing functional groups, aromatic structure and surface area of the biochar increased after the aging treatment. However, the integrity of the tubular structure was broken into fragments. The adsorption process of Pb(II) was in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and fitted by the Langmuir model. With the increase of pH, the adsorption capacities of Pb(II) increased gradually, and the adsorption effect was best at pH 5. The aged HB presented a decrease of the carboxyl group, which caused less adsorption capacity of Pb(II) than that of aged LB. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb(II) on fresh biochar at 350 °C and 650 °C were 279.85 and 286.07 mg·g−1 and on aged biochar were 242.57 and 159.82 mg·g−1, respectively. The adsorption capacity of HB for Pb(II) was higher than that of LB, and the adsorption capacity of aged biochar for Pb(II) decreased obviously, which might be attributable to changes in physicochemical properties of biochar after the aging treatment.
Изучение особенностей типа привязанности и стиля социальной коммуникации больных депрессиями в контексте интерперсональной психотерапии
Authors: Касимова Самира
Published: August 2019

Introduction. At present, the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy in treating depression is beyond reasonable doubt. Meanwhile, research articles on many important aspects of interpersonal psychotherapy are scarcely available. This study focuses on factors influencing attachment types and interaction styles in depressive patients during interpersonal psychotherapy.

Methods. The sample consisted of 100 respondents aged 16–60 years with various types of depression who have received interpersonal therapy. To assess attachment styles the study used the Interpersonal Style Questionnaire (ISQ) and the Measure of Attachment Qualities (MAQ).

Results. The women (n = 64) to men (n = 36) ratio of the study participants corresponds to a 2:1 female/male depression ratio in the general population. The mean age was 33 years old in the study sample (95 %, CI = 30.8–35.3). According to the diagnoses patients were categorized into the following groups: (a) depressive episode (F32) – 74 patients (74 %), (b) recurrent depressive disorder (F33) – 16 patients, (c) other depressive disorders (F38) – 10 patients. The authors found significant associations between attachment types and social communication styles that were important for depressive patients’ social functioning.

Discussion. Attachment types and interaction styles play a significant role in interpersonal psychotherapy of depression. For this reason, the major tasks of psychotherapy involve the creation of secure attachment and constructive interaction along with reduction of depressive symptoms.
Ценностно-смысловые характеристики как предикторы созависимого поведения женщин, проживающих с наркозависимым партнером
Authors: Коленова Анастасия , Гурцкой Дмитрий
Published: August 2019

Introduction. This paper discusses the results of a comprehensive survey that involved respondents from various regions of the South of the Russian Federation and represents the first report on psychological characteristics of codependent behavior and value-meaning sphere in young women of different ethnic groups. The novelty of the study lies in the development of psychological models of codependent behaviors for each ethnic group studied in order to further develop psycho-correction techniques of working with youth in south Russia.
Methods. The sample consisted of 330 respondents with various levels of codependent behaviour residing in three federal subjects of the South of the Russian Federation. The respondents ranged in age from 17 to 30 years.  The study used the following standardized and projective techniques to reveal differences in value-meaning sphere among young women of different ethnic groups: (a) the Spann‐Fisher Codependency Scale, SFCDS (modified by Moskalenko), (b) the Purpose-in-Life Test, PIL (developed by Crumbaugh & Maholic, modified by Leont'ev), (c) the Personal Orientation Inventory, POI (developed by Shostrom, modified by Kalin), (d) the Bass Orientation Inventory, (e) the technique for studying self-assessment using the procedure for ranking (developed by Rean), (f)  the Value Orientations technique (developed by Rokich), and (g) the Write-a-Story technique (stimulus materials from Tables 2, 4, and 6, Thematic Apperception Test). The STATISTICA, a statistical package software version 10.0, was used for data processing. 
Results. The individual participants of different ethnic groups had significant differences in characteristics of codependence, both in terms of the dynamics of situational assessment and in the content of stable personal constructs.
Discussion. Despite of similar trends in manifestations of codependence, the representatives of different ethnic groups are characterized by certain distinguishing characteristics, which manifest themselves in interpersonal communication with addicts and the environment and also in self-acceptance.
Взаимосвязи виктимизации с экстраверсией, нейротизмом и психологическим полом
Authors: Шейнов Виктор
Published: August 2019

Introduction. Victimization is the process and the result of a subject’s transformation into a victim of criminal assault. This widespread phenomenon entails serious negative consequences for its victims. However, scanty information is presently available on the interrelations of extraversion, neuroticism, and psychological gender with victimization. The purpose of this study is to examine these interrelations in a sample of Russian-speaking respondents.
Methods. The study used (a) the Technique for Assessing the Adult Degree of Victimization developed by the author, (b) the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, and (c) the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. A large number of individual participants (n = 766, 394 women and 372 men), aged from 17 to 74 years, representing various professions and regions ensured representativeness of the study samples.
Results and Discussion. Neuroticism was found to have positive associations with aggressive and dependent behaviors in women and men and with their overall victimization. Positive associations between neuroticism and vulnerability to manipulation were seen in women while there were negative correlations in men. Extraversion correlated negatively with overall victimization, aggressive and dependent behaviors in men, and also with vulnerability to manipulation in women and men. Extraversion correlated positively with aggressive and non-critical behaviors in women. Masculinity was positively associated with aggressive, self-destructive, and non-critical behaviors in men and boys and with their overall victimization, but negatively correlated with dependent behavior. Masculinity correlated positively with victimization resulting from self-destructive behavior in women and girls, but was negatively associated with victimization resulting from dependent behavior. Femininity was negatively associated with victimization resulting from aggressive behaviour in women, men, and boys, but positively correlated with vulnerability to manipulation in women. Because of the decline in the ‘aggressive behavior’ component of victimization, overall victimization in women declined with increasing age. By revealing the components of victimization that implement the examined correlations, this study complements the findings of previous research. The interrelations between victimization and extraversion significantly depend on gender differences, which explains the inconsistency of findings in previous studies.
Представления о будущем родительстве в подростковом и юношеском возрасте
Authors: Захарова Елена , Карабанова Ольга , Старостина Юлия , Долгих Александра
Published: August 2019

Introduction. Studying ideas about future parenthood has been gaining importance in recent years. This study focuses on the sensitive period of the spontaneous formation of ideas about parenthood and explains a fundamental shift towards their harmonization during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood.

Methods. The study used the following techniques: (a) the Consistency of Ideas About Parenthood questionnaire developed by the authors to reveal the content and the degree of adequacy of ideas about future parenthood; (b) the Unfinished Sentences technique to reveal respondents’ ideas about parenthood, their attitudes towards parenthood, and self-attitudes as future parents; and (c) the Maternal Roles technique to identify the most preferred maternal roles.

Results. This section describes and compares the content of ideas about parenthood in adolescents and young adults. The values of the consistency of ideas were low in the whole sample. Besides, there were significant differences between the two compared groups regarding all the parameters of consistency. Compared to young adults, schoolchildren had more adequate and realistic ideas about parental positions and means of parenting. Ambivalent attitudes towards parenthood as a whole were characteristic of adolescents. About 25 percent of all the respondents had negative attitudes towards their future parenthood. Orientation towards children’s needs and harmonious combination of maternal and spousal roles underlay the strategies of the realization of maternal roles that were mostly preferred by adolescents.

Discussion. The authors interpreted the findings in terms of the effectiveness of the used means and compared them to data from previous studies. The authors draw conclusions about (a) low consistency of ideas about parenthood among adolescents and young adults, (b) significant differences in ideas about parenthood during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood, (c) gender differences in ideas about parenthood, (d) the most attractive image of future motherhood, and (e) correlations between value orientations and ideas about parenthood.
Using Relational Agents to Promote Family Communication Around Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management in the Diabetes Family Teamwork Online Intervention: Longitudinal Pilot Study
Authors: Thompson Debbe , Callender Chishinga , Gonynor Caroline , Cullen Karen W , Redondo Maria J , Butler Ashley , Anderson Barbara J
Published: August 2019

Background

Family conflict can reduce adolescent adherence to type 1 diabetes management tasks. The Family Teamwork in-person intervention was shown to be efficacious in reducing conflict and low adherence to diabetes-related tasks. Its reach and potential impact, however, were limited by the need to deliver the intervention sessions in person. Relational agents (ie, computerized versions of humans) have been shown to appeal to diverse audiences and may be an acceptable replacement for a human in technology-based behavior change interventions.

Objective

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a pilot study assessing feasibility and acceptability of Diabetes Family Teamwork Online, an adapted version of the Family Teamwork intervention, delivered over the internet and guided by a relational agent.

Methods

Parent-adolescent dyads were recruited through a diabetes care clinic at a large tertiary care hospital in the southwestern United States. A one-group design, with assessments at baseline, immediate postintervention, and 3 months later, was used to assess feasibility. A priori feasibility criteria included an assessment of recruitment, completion, attrition, program satisfaction, therapeutic alliance, attitudes toward the relational agent, and data collection. The institutional review board at Baylor College of Medicine approved the protocol (H-37245).

Results

Twenty-seven adolescents aged 10 to 15 years with type 1 diabetes and their parents were enrolled. Criteria used to assess feasibility were (1) recruitment goals were met (n=20), (2) families completed ≥75% of the modules, (3) attrition rate was ≤10%, (4) program satisfaction was high (≥80% of families), (5) therapeutic alliance was high (average score of ≥60/84), (6) families expressed positive attitudes toward the relational agent (average item score of ≥5 on ≥4 items), (7) ≥80% of data were collected at post 1 and post 2, and (8) few technical issues (≤10%) occurred during intervention delivery. All feasibility criteria were met. Qualitative data confirmed that adolescents and parents had positive reactions to both the content and approach.

Conclusions

The Diabetes Family Teamwork Online intervention proved to be a feasible and acceptable method for enhancing communication around diabetes management tasks in families with an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/resprot.5817
Preparation of Char-Fe3O4 Composites from Polyvinyl Chloride with Hydrothermal and Hydrothermal-Pyrolysis Carbonization Methods as Co(II) Adsorbents
Authors: Muslem Muslem , Kuncaka Agus , Himah Taffrika Nur , Roto Roto
Published: August 2019

Char-Fe3O4 Composites have been synthetized through hydrothermal carbonization method and through hydrothermal-pyrolysis carbonization method by using polyvinylchloride as a carbon source. The products were characterized by FTIR, XRD, EDX, and TEM. The products were tested for Co(II) adsorption in water. The ability of Co(II) adsorption was studied for adsorption in different pH of the solution and its adsorption isotherm. Results showed that all products had similar hydrophilic functional groups and aliphatic carbon types. Char-Fe3O4 Composites produced by hydrothermal carbonization method (AFe-H) has more hydrophilic functional groups (C=O and –OH) than Char-Fe3O4 Composites produced by hydrothermal-pyrolysis carbonization method (AFe-P). Iron content was presented and distributed in the form of Fe3O4. Co(II) ion uptakes increased at the basic condition for all of the char-Fe3O4 Composites which were used as adsorbents. High hydrophilic functional groups in hydrothermal product composites (AFe-H) was the key factor contributing to the high adsorption ability with electrostatic interaction to the metal ion. AFe-H had the best Co(II) adsorption ability following the Langmuir isotherm model with its maximum adsorption capacity to be 0.556 mg g–1.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activity of Peptide Fraction of Germinated Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.)
Authors: Ratnayani Ketut , Suter I Ketut , Antara Nyoman Semadi , Putra I Nengah Kencana
Published: August 2019

During the germination process, seeds can release various types of peptides due to the degradation of storage proteins. Some of these peptides can have biological activity (bioactive peptides). The objective of this study was to determine the ACE inhibitory activity of germinated pigeon pea peptide extract at various germination times and to carry out the fractionation to the extract to get the most active peptide fraction. The results showed that the highest activity of peptide extract was found on the 4th-day germination of pigeon pea with an IC50 value of 63.46 μg/mL. The peptide extract was further fractionated by centrifugal ultrafiltration method and it was found that the peptide fraction < 3 kDa had the highest ACE inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 57.79 μg/mL. The result of identification with the LCMS method to the fraction was able to detect 4 types of the peptide with a molecular weight of 230.304, 294.303, 441.436, and 570.591 Da. These results suggested that the peptide fraction of germinated pigeon pea has the potency as an ACE inhibitory nutraceutical.
Effect of Rice Husk Ash on the Physicochemical Properties of Compost
Authors: Badrul Hisham Nur Ezyan , Ramli Nor Hanuni
Published: August 2019

Recently, the increase in demand for rice has led to the numerous availabilities of rice husks (RH) in Malaysia. RH is being utilized as industrial fuel to generate electricity through incineration process in the boiler. During the incineration process, rice husk ash (RHA) is being produced as the by-product and caused environmental pollution. RHA has the potential of being utilized as organic fertilizer through a composting process to control environmental pollution. Thus, this study investigated the effect of different compositions on the duration of the composting process and physicochemical properties of compost. The raw materials and finished compost were analyzed in terms of elemental composition, pH, water holding capacity, and moisture content. The obtained results showed that addition of 7.5 wt.% of RHA can improve composting process due to the presence of silica which can maintain the moisture content within 50–60% and water holding capacity of compost at the range of 61-73%. The results of this study have clearly shown the potential of the compositing process in treating RHA. However, further studies are required to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in facilitating the development of an optimum treatment system applicable to the industry.
Effect of Glutaraldehyde Concentration on Catalytic Efficacy of Candida rugosa Lipase Immobilized onto Silica from Oil Palm Leaves
Authors: Onoja Emmanuel , Wahab Roswanira Abdul
Published: August 2019

Till date, studies that investigated the effect of glutaraldehyde concentration on catalytic efficacy of biocatalyst developed with silica-derived from oil palm leaves (OPL) as support, are unknown. The study presents the preparation of a support consisting of silica extracted from OPL coated over magnetite (G/A/SiO2-M) for the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL). Herein, the effect of glutaraldehyde concentration on the catalytic efficacy of immobilized CRL was assessed by the enzymatic production of butyl butyrate as a model. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and immobilization parameters indicated that covalent bound CRL on functionalized OPL-derived silica-magnetite composite activated with 4% (v/v) glutaraldehyde solution (100 mM, pH 7.0) (CRL/G/A/SiO2-M) and pretreated in toluene, resulted in a protein loading and an immobilization yield of 68.3 mg/g and 74.3%, respectively. The resultant CRL/G/A/SiO2-M biocatalyst which specific activity was 61.9 U/g catalyzed the esterification production of 76.5% butyl butyrate in just 3 h, as confirmed by analyses of the purified ester using FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Hence, the finding envisages the promising use of G/A/SiO2-M support fabricated from discarded OPL as a carrier for immobilization and activation of CRL, in conjunction to being a good alternative source of renewable silica.
Kinetics Modeling of Glycerol Carbonate Synthesis from Glycerol and Urea over Amberlyst-15 Catalyst
Authors: Sulistyo Hary , Sabariyanto Sabariyanto , Aji Muhammad Noor Ridho , Azis Muhammad Mufti
Published: August 2019

Synthesize of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea is an attractive path as glycerol carbonate has a large potential as a green solvent. The aim of the present study was to develop a kinetic model of glycerol carbonate synthesis with amberlyst-15 resins as a catalyst. The investigation was carried out at various temperatures from 353 to 383 K and catalyst loading from 0.25 to 1 wt.% of glycerol. The experimental results indicated that both temperature and catalyst loading have an important effect on the glycerol conversion. According to the experimental result, the highest glycerol conversion was found 36.90% which was obtained using a molar ratio of urea to glycerol 1:3, catalyst loading of 1 wt.%, stirrer speed of 700 rpm, the temperature of 383 K and reaction time of 5 h. A kinetic model was developed based on elementary steps that take place over the catalyst. The model estimated that the pre-exponential factor was 2.89.104 mol.g–1.min–1 and the activation energy was 50.5 kJ.mol–1. By comparing the simulation and experimental data, it could be inferred that the model could predict the trend of experimental data well over the range of temperature and catalyst loading investigated in the present study.
Synthesis of Pyridine Derivative-based Chemosensor for Formaldehyde Detection
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Purwono Bambang , Nurohmah Beta Achromi , Pranowo Harno Dwi
Published: August 2019

Compound of 3,3'-(4-(2-amino-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)pyridine-2,6-diyl)dianiline (CHP) has been synthesized via three-step synthetic procedure from veratraldehyde as starting material and 4-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-2,6-bis(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine (CHP-1) as an intermediate compound. The CHP-1 was reduced using hydrazine hydrate catalyzed by 10% Pd/C to the final target of CHP. The spectroscopic study revealed that CHP in acetonitrile could detect formaldehyde through fluorescence enhancement and showed color change from yellow to blue under the 365 nm portable ultraviolet lamp as a response. Based on the fluorescence spectra, the emission wavelength of CHP in acetonitrile was shifted from 526 to 480 nm after addition of formaldehyde. Limit detection (LOD), selectivity, sensitivity, and computational study geometry of CHP as a chemosensor for formaldehyde has also been investigated. CHP could also be applied as a test paper for the detection of formaldehyde qualitatively.
Synthesis, Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studyof N-Phenylpyrazoline Derivatives
Authors: Suma Artania Adnin Tri , Wahyuningsih Tutik Dwi , Mustofa Mustofa
Published: August 2019

The synthesis of N-phenylpyrazolines 1-5 was performed by the cyclocondensation of phenylhydrazine and appropriate chalcones that have been synthesized from our previous work. All of the compounds were elucidated for their structure using GC-MS, FTIR, 1H, and 13C-NMR spectrometers. Their anticancer activity was evaluated against breast cancer cell line (T47D) and colorectal cancer cell line (WiDr). Compound 4 (4-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-methoxyphenol) was found to be the most potent compound with IC50 value of 13.11 µg/mL in T47D cell line and 3.29 µg/mL in WiDr cell line. Docking study was conducted to evaluate the interaction between all compounds and EGFR receptor on cancer cells. Among the tested compounds, compound 4 is the only compound that has interaction with MET769 residue through hydrogen bonding due to the presence of hydroxyl group on its structure. Our findings suggest that the synthesized N-phenylpyrazolines in this study have a promising anticancer activity.
Gobernanza en la gestión integral de recursos hídricos en las subcuencas Río Sabinal y Cañón Del Sumidero en Chiapas, México
Authors: Gutiérrez Villalpando Verónica , Zapata Martelo Emma , Nazar Beutelspacher Austreberta , Salvatierra Izaba Benito , Ruiz de Oña Celia
Published: August 2019

Se analizan los procesos de gobernanza del agua de las subcuencas Río Sabinal y Cañón del Sumidero en Chiapas, México, con el objetivo de ofrecer una visión de conjunto de los principales problemas que las afectan y los mecanismos para abordarlos. Se utiliza el enfoque metodológico denominado Marco Analítico de la Gobernanza (Hufty, 2004) para dar cuenta de tres experiencias de gobernanza del agua que aglutinan a un nutrido grupo de actores. Se abordan cinco dimensiones analíticas: definición del problema, nodos o espacios de interacción, actores, normas y procesos de interacción, valorando a los sectores involucrados en la construcción de una gobernanza del agua participativa y efectiva.
El agroturísmo en dos municipios de la Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca, México
Authors: Galán Cuevas Gladis Elén , Castañeda Hidalgo Ernesto , Juárez Sánchez José Pedro , Lozano Trejo Salvador , Santiago Martínez Gisela Margarita , Pérez León María Isabel
Published: August 2019

El agroturismo es actividad complementaria y una estrategia en la agricultura para fortalecer el desarrollo de comunidades rurales por su capacidad para generar ingresos no agrícolas a las familias campesinas. Integra de manera coherente y armoniosa aspectos económicos, de conservación de recursos naturales, aspectos sociales, culturales y la participación comunitaria. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el potencial agroturísticos, atractivos culturales, naturales e infraestructura que poseen los espacios rurales de los municipios de San Miguel Amatlán y Santa Catarina Lachatao en Oaxaca. Para evaluar la viabilidad agroturística de los municipios se aplicó una entrevista estructurada y el cuestionario a una muestra de 81 campesinos seleccionados aleatoriamente, determinándose que los agricultores son personas adultas (54 años) con baja escolaridad (6.3 años). Los habitantes del municipio de Lachatao tienen mayor interés en la prestación de servicios agroturísticos, destacando las prácticas turísticas en sus huertas. Los municipios cuentan con elementos socio-culturales, naturales y diversidad de especies silvestres propios de su entorno que posibilitan el desarrollo de actividades agroturísticas. Es deseable que el campesino reciba capacitación en aspectos agroecológicos, sin perder de vista que la convivencia y el compartir prácticas y conocimientos se convertirá en parte de su trabajo cotidiano.
Modele rozwoju rynku kapitałowego w Państwach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Authors: Adamska Agata
Published: August 2019

Dobrze rozwinięte rynki kapitałowe stanowią ważny element gospodarki, jako źródło finansowania przedsiębiorstw komplementarne wobec systemu bankowego. Ponadto pełnią inne ważne funkcje: pozwalają na wycenę kapitału i ryzyka, ułatwiają transfer własności akcji, ponadto stanowią miejsce inwestycji i spekulacji. Rynki państw rozwiniętych są często poddawane różnorodnym analizom, które pozwalają ocenić zarówno stan rozwoju tych rynków, jak i ich funkcjonowanie. W odniesieniu do rynków wschodzących takich analiz jest znacznie mniej. Najsłabiej zbadane w tym zakresie są rynki Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. W celu przynajmniej częściowego wypełnienia tej luki przeprowadzono analizę rozwoju zorganizowanych rynków giełdowych w tych państw w okresie lat 2006-2017. Przyjęto szeroki zakres terytorialny – badaniem objęto: Albanię, Białoruś, Bośnię i Hercegowinę, Bułgarię, Chorwację, Czarnogórę, Czechy, Estonię, Litwę, Łotwę, Macedonię, Polskę, Rumunię, Serbię, Słowację, Słowenię, Ukrainę, Węgry. Dane wykorzystane do przeprowadzenia analizy pochodziły z dużej liczby źródeł wtórnych, takich jak strony internetowe samych giełd, ich raporty roczne, publikacje naukowe, opracowania i raporty firm doradczych, a także bazy danych organizacji międzynarodowych. Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy wskazują, że giełdy z regionu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej podążały trzema drogami: (1) wybierały rozwój organiczny, stawiając na samodzielność operacyjną, (2) przystępowały do aliansów regionalnych, (3) stawały się uczestnikami aliansów globalnych. Wyniki badań dotyczących zmian, jakie zaszły na tych giełdach między rokiem 2006 a 2017 dowodzą, że żadne z rozwiązań nie prowadziło do pełnego sukcesu. Wyniki te wskazują również, że giełdy generalnie lepiej radziły sobie z przezwyciężaniem barier po stronie podażowej (na części rynków wzrosła liczba emitentów i średnia wartość spółki), niż popytowej (niemal na wszystkich giełdach spadła zarówno wielkość, jak i prędkość obrotu).
Skutki finansowe władztwa podatkowego gmin
Authors: Kowalska Iwona , Jurewicz Daniel , Legutko Mirosław
Published: August 2019

Celem artykułu jest ocena skali władztwa podatkowego gmin poprzez udzielanie ulg, zwolnień oraz odroczeń podatkowych, a także ocena wpływu udzielanych przez gminę ulg i zwolnień podatkowych na wysokość otrzymywanej części wyrównawczej subwencji ogólnej. Zastosowano metodę analizy danych pochodzących z programu Besti@. Zawiera on dane ze sprawozdań sporządzanych przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego (JST). Przyjęty do analiz okres to lata 2006 - 2017 roku. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, iż: 1. Działania z zakresu władztwa podatkowego są przede wszystkim podejmowane przez organy stanowiące gmin. 2. W zakresie władztwa podatkowego gminy preferują przede wszystkim obniżanie stawek podatków poniżej maksymalnych poziomów określanych przez władze centralne. 3. W najmniejszym zakresie ulg i zwolnień podatkowych udzielają miasta na prawach powiatu, a w największym zakresie gminy wiejskie.4. Gminy stosując z własnej inicjatywy zwolnienia podatkowe mogą doprowadzić do sytuacji w której zostaną przyporządkowane do wyższej kategorii dochodowej gmin i skutkować to będzie uzyskaniem niższej kwoty części wyrównawczej subwencji ogólnej.
Dylematy wokół wykorzystania sprawozdania z całkowitych dochodów do oceny sytuacji finansowej przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Rówińska Małgorzata
Published: August 2019

Informacje o wynikach działalności jednostek gospodarczych, sporządzających sprawozdanie finansowej według MSSF, prezentowane są w sprawozdaniu z całkowitych dochodów. Całkowite dochody obejmują elementy kształtujące wynik finansowy (przychody i koszty) oraz inne całkowite dochody. Sposób prezentacji tych kategorii jest mało przejrzysty, zwłaszcza w kontekście wykorzystania informacji na potrzeby analizy rentowności. Na przykładzie sprawozdań finansowych wybranych spółek wskazano, jak sposób prezentacji informacji może zniekształcić postrzeganie sytuacji finansowej podmiotu.
ACTORS OF THE INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS OF THE EUROPEAN BANKING SECTOR IN RESPONSE TO THE CRISIS
Authors: Małgorzata Zaleska
Published: August 2019

W opracowaniu przedstawiono głównych europejskich decydentów reform sektora bankowego w odpowiedzi na współczesny, globalny kryzys finansowy. Dokonano również oceny wprowadzonych zmian instytucjonalnych, w tym stworzenia europejskiej unii bankowej, modyfikacji w unijnych systemach gwarantowania depozytów oraz istotnego zwiększenia roli banków centralnych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Europejskiego Banku Centralnego. Ponadto zidentyfikowano potencjalne źródła kolejnego kryzysu finansowego oraz zaprezentowano propozycję dalszych zmian instytucjonalnych w sferze finansów.
Regulacje prawne dotyczące ustalania cen transferowych i ich oddziaływanie na przebieg transakcji handlowych przedsiębiorców
Authors: Bielawska Aurelia , Piechocki Michał
Published: August 2019

Celem niniejszej publikacji jest przedstawienie i porównanie wybranych aspektów regulacji podatkowych obowiązujących w krajach Unii Europejskiej w zakresie ustalania cen transferowych, stosowanych w transakcjach o niskiej wartości dodanej zawieranych pomiędzy podmiotami powiązanymi, w rozliczeniach wewnątrzgrupowych i innych aspektach związanych z międzynarodowym prawem z zasadami obowiązującymi w prawie rosyjskim. Zasadnicza teza opracowania zawiera się w stwierdzeniu, że regulacje podatkowe dotyczące dokumentowania zasad sporządzania cen transferowych obowiązujące w poszczególnych krajach Unii Europejskiej, pomimo przyjęcia wspólnych założeń, znacznie różnią się między sobą, co uniemożliwia jednolite podejście przedsiębiorców do ich ustalania. Przygotowując opracowanie dokonano analizę literatury przedmiotu z zakresu finansów, rachunkowości i prawa, analizę i ocenę obowiązujących oraz projektowanych aktów prawnych, a - formułując wnioski z badań - skonfrontowano wyniki analizy z doświadczeniami własnymi autorów.
OFFER OF PRIVATE BANKING OF KEY BANKS IN POLAND - STATE AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Sławomir Juszczyk  , Karol Gancewski
Published: August 2019

Celem badań było rozpoznanie i ocena zmian private bankingu w Polsce. W toku badań ustalono między innymi, że produkty finansowe o najmniejszym ryzyku cieszą się obecnie największą popularnością wśród klientów private bankingu badanych banków. Na podstawie wyników badań ustalono również, że najbardziej popularną usługą, świadczoną w ramach private bankingu w najbliższych 2 latach będzie prawdopodobnie doradztwo inwestycyjne. Usługi pozabankowe takie jak doradztwo prawno-podatkowe, doradztwo edukacyjne czy usługi concierge będą w dalszym ciągu dodatkiem oferty w ramach private bankingu w Polsce.
Rozwój sektora bankowego w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Authors: Kata Ryszard , Chmiel Justyna
Published: August 2019

Głównym celem artykułu było określenie poziomu rozwoju sektora bankowego krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej (ESW) i porównanie go do poziomu przeciętnego dla całej Unii Europejskiej oraz strefy euro. Analizie poddano zmienne dotyczące wielkości sektora, dostępności usług bankowych, a także efektywności ekonomicznej i stabilności sektora. Obliczony na ich podstawie syntetyczny wskaźnik rozwoju sektora bankowego wykazał, że zmniejsza się zróżnicowanie w rozwoju sektora bankowego pomiędzy krajami ESW. W latach 2008-2016 większości krajów regionu zmniejszyła także dystans w rozwoju sektora w stosunku do średniej w Unii Europejskiej.
Islets for Research: Nothing Is Perfect, but We Can Do Better
Authors: Nano Rita , Kerr-Conte Julie A. , Bosco Domenico , Karlsson Marie , Lavallard Vanessa , Melzi Raffaella , Gmyr Valery , Mercalli Alessia , Berney Thierry , Pattou François , Korsgren Olle , Piemonti Lorenzo
Published: August 2019

In December 2018, Diabetes and Diabetologia began requiring authors of papers reporting data obtained from studies on human islets to report critical characteristics of the human islets used for research. The islet community was asked to provide feedback on it. Here is the contribution by the European Consortium for Islet Transplantation.
Kinematic quantification of straight-punch techniques using the preferred and non-preferred fist in taekwon-do
Authors: Wąsik Jacek , Góra Tomasz , Ortenburger Dorota , Shan Gongbing
Published: August 2019

Study aim: The aim of the current study is to reveal the characteristics of punch techniques applied in taekwon-do.

Material and methods: The skill quantification was performed on 10 taekwon-do ITF competitors. During the test, they were asked to perform straight punches using both the preferred and the non-preferred fist into the air (i.e. without a physical target) in the lateral position employing both traditional and sport style. Applying reflective markers on fists, the punching kinematic data were collected in the HML (Human Motion Lab). For data analyses, the average and standard deviation of duration, velocity and acceleration were used. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied to determine possible differences (p < 0.05) between the dominant fist and non-dominant fist as well as between the traditional and sport punch.

Results: The results revealed that the sport punch is notably faster (shorter punch duration) with a higher acceleration than the traditional one. There is no significant difference between the preferred and non-preferred fist. The results could suggest that the left and right straight punches during taekwon-do training sessions are equally developed. However, the different goals of the punch techniques, i.e. the traditional punch for generating power and the sport punch for quickness, cause significant differences (p < 0.01) in action time.

Conclusion: The results imply that a trade-off strategy may play a role in a match, namely a powerful punch for a possible final win or a quick punch for point collection.
СТРАТЕГИЈЕ РАЗВОЈА НОВОГ САДА:„ЗЕЛЕНИ ГРАД“
Authors: Сегић Бојана
Published: August 2019

Рад се бави истраживањем стратегија и принципа који би усмерили развој савремених градова у еколошке и самоодрживе урбане целине. Идеја је стварање града са бујном вегетацијом. Стратегијски план је подељен у фазе реализације. Новине су наглашене применом урбане пољопривреде у стамбеним и пословним објектима.
Hermenêutica na educação: um método para a compreensão da realidade educacional
Authors: Vieira Karina Augusta Limonta
Published: August 2019

A Hermenêutica Educacional configura-se atualmente como um método de compreensão da realidade educacional. Criada na Alemanha, a Hermenêutica Educacional procura compreender as relações humanas envolvidas na educação. Como aliado das Ciências da Educação, esse método amplia visão sobre o fenômeno educacional. Esse artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir de maneira original a base teórica da Hermenêutica Educacional. O artigo tem como questões norteadoras: Qual é o campo de pesquisa da Hermenêutica? Quais são as bases epistemológicas e teóricas da Hermenêutica? Qual é a importância da Hermenêutica Educacional para a compreensão da realidade educacional? Esse método traz para a área da Educação a possibilidade de compreensão da realidade educacional, por meio de reflexões do sentido educacional, entendimento e auto-compreensão do mundo educacional.
A (des) autoridade pedagógica nos espaços formativos para a primeira infância: da tradição à modernidade / A (des) pedagogical authority in the training spaces for the first childhood: de la tradición a la modernidad
Authors: Furlan de Oliveira Marta Regina
Published: August 2019

O presente texto objetiva refletir acerca da (des) autoridade pedagógica nos espaços formativos voltados para a primeira infância, tecendo um diálogo entre Hannah Arendt e a Teoria Crítica. Este texto se justifica pela necessidade de análise dos possíveis equívocos que são decorrentes das teorias modernas da pedagogia e da educação, que acabam influenciando as práticas educativas escolares, em específico o campo educacional para a primeira infância (0 a 5 anos). A metodologia de trabalho está no estudo bibliográfico com a leitura principal da obra Entre o passado e o futuro de Hannah Arendt (2013) dialogando com a Teoria Crítica a partir da obra Educação e Emancipação em Theodor Adorno (1985). Como resultado, as inquietações apresentadas pela autora e dialogadas com Adorno e Horkheimer, suscitam-nos a repensar a escola e, desse modo, buscar novas direções pedagógicas que estejam mais adequadas às problemáticas educacionais para o trabalho voltado à primeira infância.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK KORBAN KEKERASAN PSIKOLOGIS DIDALAM RUMAH TANGGA DARI ORANG TUA
Authors: Suyono Yoyok Ucuk
Published: August 2019

Domestic violence  is a classic problem in the world of law and gender. Althougt the legal umbrella for protecting victim from domestic violence is already existing, namely law number 23 of 2004 concerning the elimination of domestic violence, this is not enough to anticipate the violence in this chase the need  for attention and legal protection for government, law enforcement officer, and from the community so that everyone who hears, sees, or knows about the occurrence of domestic violence is obligated to take preventive measure and provide assintance. actually what is the cause and what kind of protection for women victim of criminal acts of violence in the hosehold that are regulated in indonesia positive law.keywords: legal protection, domestic violence