bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Transition Narratives in Spain: A Case Study of As Pontes
Authors: Singh Garha Nachatter , Garcia Mira Ricardo , González-Laxe Fernando
Published: September 2022

The energy transition is one of the most important processes of the last decade in Spain, affecting all aspects of life (social, political, economic and demographic). Its main objective is to eventually replace the fossil-fuel-based energy matrix with renewable energy sources to avoid climate change and meet sustainable development goals. This transition has affected a large number of population groups and institutions in carbon-intensive regions such as As Pontes, who are the main stakeholders in this process. These stakeholders have generated different narratives around the implementation of decarbonization policies and their short- and long-term impacts on the local population and the territory. These narratives affect the acceptance and pace of implementation of decarbonization measures and policies adopted by national and regional governments. Based on a qualitative analysis of published material (press articles, policy reports published by central and regional governments, reports published by environmental groups, financial institutions and large companies), this article first identifies the different stakeholders involved in the decarbonization process and maps them according to their power and interest in the energy transition process and then highlights the prevalent energy transition narratives, with their impact on the pace of the energy transition in Spain, focusing on the case of As Pontes. The results show that the narratives propagated by different stakeholders have a great impact on the acceptance of the decarbonization policies and measures adopted by the central government and the pace of the energy transition in different parts of Spain, including the region of As Pontes.
The Application of Statistical Methods in the Construction of a Model for Identifying the Combustion of Waste in Heating Boilers Based on the Elemental Composition of Ashes
Authors: Widera Katarzyna , Grabowski Jacek , Smoliński Adam
Published: September 2022

Emission of air pollutants constitutes one of the major hazards to human health and life. Particulate matter and harmful gases emitted by residential heating, especially, occupy a significant position among the sources of air pollution. This paper presents the research results concerning the composition of ashes obtained from the combustion of fuel samples composed of wood pellets, eco-pea coal, and coal pellets (trade name—VARMO) with various admixtures of waste materials. The study stand was equipped with a boiler having a nominal power of 18 kW. Several of the most characteristic chemical elements identified in the ash were used as the basis to classify the combustion of waste. A model based on a statistical method was designed. Within the framework of the research, a statistical multivariate technique, discriminant analysis, was applied. The statistical model was constructed for two groups of ash samples and 19 chemical elements indicating their contamination. The high prediction power of the model and the validation (fitting was 90.00% and 85.19%, respectively) confirmed the possibility of the practical application of this proprietary method. It permitted identification of the markers (chemical elements) in the ash. It confirms that the fuel is combusted with the admixture of waste materials in a given boiler. Based on the analyses performed, it was found that from among the 19 elements, five, namely K, Ti, Zn, Ca, and Rb, were selected as the markers because they are characterised by the highest discrimination ability. In addition, they are the best indicators of the contamination level of the ash samples that were examined.
The Effect of Mutual Help Behavior on Employee Creativity—Based on the Recipient’s Perspective
Authors: Han Mingdan , Li Ran , Wang Wenjing , Sun Zehou , Zhang Jiaming , Han Haokun
Published: September 2022

This paper explores the effect of the recipient’s acceptance of help on his or her personal creativity in mutual aid behavior from the perspective of the recipient and explores the mediating role of learning between the two and the moderating role of the target atmosphere. Through the two research methods of a scenario experiment and questionnaire survey, sample data were collected for screening and analysis, the research hypothesis was verified, and three main research conclusions were drawn. The study suggests that employees’ acceptance of help in work situations is positively correlated with their individual creativity, and that individual learning plays an intermediary role between receiving help and employee creativity. The team-learning, goal-oriented atmosphere and the atmosphere of goal recognition can adjust the relationship between the acceptance of help behavior and individual learning, and the perception of a team-learning, goal-oriented atmosphere plays a positive adjustment role, that is, the higher the team-learning goal orientation level, the greater the impact of employees’ acceptance of help behavior on their own personal learning, and the team proves that the perception of a goal-oriented atmosphere plays a negative adjustment role, that is, the lower the team’s orientation to the goal-oriented level, the greater the impact of employees’ acceptance of help behavior on their own personal learning. This study deepens the study of the relationship between mutual aid behavior and creativity and has a certain guiding significance for managerial practice.
Understanding Politeness in an Online Community of Practice for Chinese ESL Teachers: Implications for Sustainable Professional Development in the Digital Era
Authors: Chung Edsoulla , Tang Eunice
Published: September 2022

Although politeness contributes to the effectiveness and sustainable development of online learning communities, it remains unclear how Chinese teachers of English as a second language (ESL), with differing social statuses, use varying levels of politeness when engaging in such communities. Accordingly, this paper analyses how Hong Kong ESL teachers, who tend to observe hierarchical relationships and the idiosyncrasies of “face”, conveyed politeness in an online professional community when making positive and negative evaluations and suggestions. A total of 174 interactive comments offered by 24 student teachers and 8 mentors were coded under three discourse functions and 15 types of politeness markers. Interviews with six participants indicated that, through their role in the community, they adopted ways of thinking and linguistic knowledge that influenced their choice and frequency of the politeness markers. Despite having different roles in the hierarchy, the participants exhibited similar patterns of politeness marker choice, implying that their language and cultural background influenced how they chose to convey politeness in the absence of face-to-face cues; however, their role in the community seemed to have affected the frequency of using the politeness markers. These results shed light on politeness from the perspective of the culture, language, and online community membership.
GRIDMAT—A Sustainable Material Combining Mat and Geogrid Concept for Ballasted Railways
Authors: Sol-Sánchez M. , Mattinzioli T. , Castillo-Mingorance J. M. , Moreno-Navarro F. , Rubio-Gámez M. C.
Published: September 2022

Under ballast mats (UBM) have demonstrated their capacity to reduce section stiffness and ballast degradation. However, UBM can cause ballast destabilisation under some circumstances due to excessive vertical track deflections, requiring the installation of geogrids over the mat which increases costs and time. As alternative to this solution, this paper shows the design of GridMat: a sustainable technology for ballasted railways that combines the concepts of geogrids and under ballast mats (UBM) manufactured from recycled crumb rubber. This aims to provide damping capacity while limiting the oscillations and settlement of ballast layer. To obtain the optimal GridMat design, five different configurations varying the aperture size and void areas were assessed through laboratory box tests reproducing the track section including the GridMat. Results showed that the optimal Gridmat was of 55 mm aperture seize and 25% void area. To evaluate the sustainability of this design, the expected number of conservation and renewal operations were calculated from full-scale laboratory tests and a life-cycle assessment and life-cycle cost analysis were undertaken. GridMat showed long-term reduction in ballast degradation and track settlement, reducing need for maintenance and renewal operations in comparison with standard mats.
Establishment of Inland Ship Air Pollution Emission Inventory Based on Power Method Correction Model
Authors: Peng Zhongbo , Wang Lumeng , Tong Liang , Zhang Chunyu , Zou Han , Tan Jianping
Published: September 2022

The atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases emitted by ships have a significant impact on the air quality of the cities around the port and the physical and mental health of the residents. In order to promote the low-carbon, green, and sustainable development of the region, it is urgent to conduct comprehensive research and control the air pollution emissions from ships in the region. In this paper, the traditional power-based emission inventory calculation model is improved through field tests, and the engine propeller matching coefficient is proposed. Combined with the actual situation of local ships, the parameters suitable for the air pollution emission inventory of ships in the region are comprehensively selected. In the case of statistical comparison of the air pollutant emissions of the main and auxiliary engines under different navigation conditions, the uncertainty analysis was carried out, and the AIS (Automatic Identification System) combined with the power method was used to obtain the air pollution emission inventory of ships in the main urban area of Chongqing. The research in this paper can improve the calculation model of the power method emission inventory according to the situation of ships in the inland river area, which provides a reference for the development and improvement of the emission inventory in the inland river area, and also provides suggestions and thinking for the government to formulate energy saving and emission reduction measures in the inland river area.
An Effective Fault Diagnosis Technique for Wind Energy Conversion Systems Based on an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Mansouri Majdi , Dhibi Khaled , Nounou Hazem , Nounou Mohamed
Published: September 2022

The current paper proposes intelligent Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) approaches, aimed to ensure the high-performance operation of Wind energy conversion (WEC) systems. First, an efficient feature selection algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The main idea behind the use of the PSO algorithm is to remove irrelevant features and extract only the most significant ones from raw data in order to improve the classification task using a neural networks classifier. Then, to overcome the problem of premature convergence and local sub-optimal areas when using the classical PSO optimization algorithm, an improved extension of the PSO algorithm is proposed. The basic idea behind this proposal is to use the Euclidean distance as a dissimilarity metric between observations in which a single observation is kept in case of redundancies. In addition, the proposed reduced PSO-NN (RPSO-NN) technique not only enhances the results in terms of accuracy but also provides a significant reduction in computation time and storage cost by reducing the size of the training dataset and removing irrelevant and redundant samples. The experimental results showed the robustness and high performance of the proposed diagnosis paradigms.
Research Hotspots and Trend Analysis in the Field of Regional Economics and Carbon Emissions since the 21st Century: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhang Likang , Dong Jichang , Dong Zhi , Li Xiuting
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the issue of regional economics and carbon emissions has become a research hotspot in the cross field of economy, environment and ecology. This paper selects the regional economics and carbon emissions related literature collected in the Web of Science (WOS) database as the basis, and uses the bibliometric software Citespace and VOSviewer to visually analyze the time distribution, organization, author and keywords in this research field. This paper provides a more systematic analysis of how different regions of China could achieve carbon emission objectives, from the aspects of regional industrial transformation, energy consumption structure, policy implementation and regional coordinated development. The keywords with high frequency are carbon emissions, economic growth and energy consumption, etc. The research hotspots can be divided into structural decomposition analysis, low-carbon industry transformation path, policy framework and energy efficiency, etc. The results show that future research should strengthen multidisciplinary cross-integration in different universities and institutions. However, based on in-depth analysis, the key factors which affect regional carbon emissions are regional policy implementation, changes in industrial structures, optimization of energy consumption structure and carbon trade market mechanism. Finally, we suggest that institutions and scholars should conduct adequate interdisciplinary and cross-industry cooperation; industrial sector development should consider local endowment; there should greater use of clean energy to optimize the energy consumption structure; and an increase in R&D carbon capture and sequestration technology.
Co-Implementation of Tillage, Precision Nitrogen, and Water Management Enhances Water Productivity, Economic Returns, and Energy-Use Efficiency of Direct-Seeded Rice
Authors: Pratap Vijay , Dass Anchal , Dhar Shiva , Babu Subhash , Singh Vinod Kumar , Singh Raj , Krishnan Prameela , Sudhishri Susama , Bhatia Arti , Kumar Sarvendra , Choudhary Anil Kumar , Singh Renu , Kumar Pramod , Sarkar Susheel Kumar , Verma Sunil Kumar , Kumari Kavita , San Aye Aye
Published: September 2022

The sustainability of conventional rice (Oryza sativa L.) production systems is often questioned due to the over-mining of groundwater and environmental degradation. This has led to the development of cost-effective, resource-efficient, and environmentally clean rice production systems by optimizing water and nitrogen (N) use. Hence, a 2-year field study (2019 and 2020) was conducted at the ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to assess the effect of precision N and water management strategies on growth, land, and water productivity, as well as energy-use efficiency in scented direct-seeded rice (DSR). Two crop establishment methods, conventional-till DSR (CT-DSR) and zero-till DSR (ZT-DSR) along with three irrigation scenarios (assured irrigation (irrigation after 72 h of the drying of surface water), irrigation at 20% depletion of available soil moisture (DASM), and 40% DASM+Si (80 kg ha−1)) were assigned to the main plots; three N management options, a 100% recommended dose of N (RDN): 150 kg ha−1; Nutrient Expert® (NE®)+leaf color chart (LCC) and NE®+soil plant analysis development (SPAD) meter-based N management were allocated to sub-plots in a three-time replicated split-plot design. The CT-DSR produced 1.4, 11.8, and 89.4, and 2.4, 18.8, and 152.8% more grain yields, net returns, and net energy in 2019 and 2020, respectively, over ZT-DSR. However, ZT-DSR recorded 8.3 and 10.7% higher water productivity (WP) than CT-DSR. Assured irrigation resulted in 10.6, 16.1 16.9, and 8.1 and 12.3, 21.8 20.6, and 6.7% higher grain yields, net returns, net energy, and WP in 2019 and 2020, respectively, over irrigation at 20% DASM. Further, NE®+SPAD meter-based N management saved 27.1% N and recorded 9.6, 18.3, 16.8, and 8.3, and 8.8, 21.7, 19.9, and 10.7% greater grain yields, net returns, net energy, and WP over RDN in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Thus, the study suggested that the NE®+SPAD-based N application is beneficial over RDN for productivity, resource-use efficiency, and N-saving (~32 kg ha−1) both in CA-based and conventionally cultivated DSR. This study also suggests irrigating DSR after 72 h of the drying of surface water; however, under obviously limited water supplies, irrigation can be delayed until 20% DASM, thus saving two irrigations, which can be diverted to additional DSR areas.
Powertrain Design and Energy Management Strategy Optimization for a Fuel Cell Electric Intercity Coach in an Extremely Cold Mountain Area
Authors: Liang Zhaowen , Liu Kai , Huang Jinjin , Zhou Enfei , Wang Chao , Wang Hui , Huang Qiong , Wang Zhenpo
Published: September 2022

Facing the challenge that the single-motor electric drive powertrain cannot meet the continuous uphill requirements in the cold mountainous area of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the manuscript adopted a dual-motor coupling technology. Then, according to the operating characteristics and performance indicators of the fuel cell (FC)–traction battery hybrid power system, the structure design and parameter matching of the vehicle power system architecture were carried out to improve the vehicle’s dynamic performance. Furthermore, considering the extremely cold conditions in the Winter Olympics competition area and the poor low-temperature tolerance of core components of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) under extremely cold conditions, such as the reduced capacity and service life of traction batteries caused by the rapid deterioration of charging and discharging characteristics, the manuscript proposed a fuzzy logic control-based energy management strategy (EMS) optimization method for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), to reduce the power fluctuation, hydrogen consumption and battery charging/discharging times, and at the same time, to ensure the hybrid power system meets the varying demand under different conditions. In addition, the performance of the proposed approach was investigated and validated in an intercity coach in real-world driving conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed powertrain with an optimal control strategy successfully alleviated the fluctuation of vehicle power demand, reduced the battery charging/discharging times of traction battery, and improved the energy efficiency by 20.7%. The research results of this manuscript are of great significance for the future promotion and application of fuel cell electric coaches in all climate environments, especially in an extremely cold mountain area.
Islamic Religiosity and CSR Attitudes—The Case of Egyptian Managers
Authors: Helfaya Akrum , Easa Nasser Fathi
Published: September 2022

In this research, we investigated the complex relationship between Islamic religious beliefs and corporate social responsibility (CSR) attitudes and behaviour. We defined four aspects of religiosity, four types of individual attitudes toward CSR, and five types of CSR behaviour. The empirical analysis of the responses of 274 questionnaires showed that there is a very different picture of the Islamic religiosity of the Egyptian managers, with low correlations between the cognitive, intrinsic, extrinsic, and behavioural aspects of religiosity. The results show that there are significant and negative impacts of Islamic religious beliefs on various types of CSR attitudes and behaviour. The joint mediating role of attitudes toward CSR is almost non-existent and Islamic religious beliefs exert a direct impact on CSR behaviour. Our findings offer important implications for CSR scholars to use a multidimensional measure to assess the religious beliefs of managers and their impacts on CSR attitudes. These findings also enhance business managers’ awareness of the interconnection of religiosity and CSR.
The Necessity of Governance Thorough Internal Control and Accountability in NGOs: A Case of Buea Sub-Division Cameroon
Authors: Ghasemi Matina , Ngegah Marie Angel Musongong , Rokni Ladan
Published: September 2022

The main objective of this study was to examine the role and existence of internal control and accountability in NGOs of Buea Sub-division Cameroon. The study fol-lowed these research questions: What are the main concerns of governance in NGOs in the Buea Sub-division Cameroon? Among the identified items, which ones are more important? What is the implication of each item after analyzing? Two theories consti-tuted the theoretical framework of the current study, including the agency theory and stakeholder theory. The evaluation of internal control and accountability was con-ducted through interviews with managers, directors, accountants, and project manag-ers to reach a framework in questionnaires format in fifteen chosen NGOs. By con-ducting interviews 35 items were obtained and among them, 21 items were more em-phasized by the participants. These 21 areas were analyzed using percentage frequen-cy tables and bar charts by using SPSS to analyze internal control and accountability practices in NGOs in Buea Sub-division in Cameroon. The COSO model and HAP frameworks were applied as guidance for the whole procedures and analysis. The findings revealed that some components of internal control systems were not fully ac-tive. Nevertheless, most components like control environment, information, and communication, control activities, internal audit, segregation of duty, accounting knowledge and principles, internal control and accountability were actively being practiced which resulted in a considerable and positive influence on NGOs, noted by participants. The lack of a regulatory body and control by the local government to monitor the operations of NGOs and their ethical standards were noted as problems hindering accountability and reliable reports to stakeholders by the NGO sector in Buea Sub-division. This study has its own limitations as the small group of participants and bias of self-evaluation of critical elements of governance. The study ends with a recommendation for government and NGO management to employ personnel with sound knowledge of internal control and accountability that will follow up on the weaknesses identified in the system like political instability, monitoring, disclosure, and funding constraints in order to improve the existing internal control and ac-countability systems in Buea Sub-division Cameroon.
Territorial Challenges for Cultural and Creative Industries’ Contribution to Sustainable Innovation: Evidence from the Interreg Ita-Slo Project DIVA
Authors: Faraone Claudia
Published: September 2022

This article articulates the outcomes of the spatial survey of an EU Interreg-funded project titled “Development of Innovation Eco-Systems and Value Chains: Supporting Cross-Border Innovation through Creative Industries” (DIVA). The study mapped cultural and creative industries (CCIs) in the transborder area comprising the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia and the western region of Slovenia. The study applied both quantitative and qualitative place-based methodologies and drew theoretically from economics, urbanism, and interactionism. The results include a webapp quantifying and describing CCIs spread in the transborder area and a SWOT analysis of firms’ geographies for potential collaboration between CCIs and traditional SMEs (small and medium enterprises). It is argued that the cultural and creative sectors are relevant to the social and economic development of cities and regions, and act as drivers of innovation. The interconnected network of local enterprises (CCIs-SMEs) also goes in the direction of promoting a sustainable territorial development, enhancing enrooted resources. Additionally, it considers how CCIs different localization patterns, both clustered and sprawled, can influence and shape possible collaboration degrees at transborder regional level. Thus, this paper advocates for more integrated policymaking that considers the spatial distribution and territorial localization of CCIs alongside their socio-economic dimensions.
Land Suitability Investigation for Solar Power Plant Using GIS, AHP and Multi-Criteria Decision Approach: A Case of Megacity Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Authors: Halder Bijay , Banik Papiya , Almohamad Hussein , Al Dughairi Ahmed Abdullah , Al-Mutiry Motrih , Al Shahrani Haya Falah , Abdo Hazem Ghassan
Published: September 2022

Renewable energy sources are the most necessitated natural energy to reduce fossil fuels globally. Fossil fuel is the most valuable and limited resource on the planet, but on the other hand, renewable energy creates less pollution. Solar energy is the most effective renewable resource for daily use. Solar power plants are necessary for domestic and daily use. Remote sensing and geographic information technology (GIS) were used for this study to delineate the possible site selection of solar power plants in Kolkata and the surrounding area in West Bengal, India. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the multi-criteria decision-making process (MCDA) were used for each weight calculation and ArcGIS v10.8 was applied for weighted overlay analysis (WOA) for delineation of the result. The site suitability map was developed using a pairwise comparison matrix and the weights were calculated for each criterion. The suitability map was divided into five categories, from not suitable to very highly suitable. A total of 474.21 km2 (10.69%) of the area was classified as very highly suitable whereas 249.54 km2 (5.62%) area was classified as not suitable because of the water area and east Kolkata wetland. A total of 1438.15 km2 (32.43%) of the area was classified as highly suitable for a solar power plant. The Kolkata megacity and water body locations were identified as moderate to not suitable sites. Very high and high-potential sites were identified 2 to 5 km from the central business district (CBD) location, which is Dharmotala. Renewable energy source is needed in the megacity of Kolkata. If solar power plants are contracted then the demand for fossil fuel will be reduced one day, and that will help the environment as well as the society in terms of sustainable development. This study result is helpful for administrators, urban planners, developers, and other stakeholders for the implementation and development of a new solar power plant in the study area.
Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Coupling Coordination between Urban Development and Ecological Environment under the “Double Carbon” Goal: A Case Study in Anhui, China
Authors: Qian Li , Shen Mengyuan , Yi Huimin
Published: September 2022

Based on the “double carbon” goal, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the coordinated development of the urban and ecological environments, using the entropy method and coupling coordination degree model to analyze the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of the degree of coupling coordination of urbanization and ecological environment in 16 cities in Anhui Province from 2010 to 2020 and uses ArcGIS software to draw the spatial distribution of the coupling coordination relationship between urbanization and ecological environment in these cities. The results show that in terms of time, the coupling and coordination relationship between urban development and the ecological environment in Anhui Province showed a continuous improvement from 2010 to 2020. The coupling degree showed a stable trend, and the coupling and coordination level changed from mild imbalance to a high-quality coordination stage. Spatially, the coupling and coordinated development of 16 cities in Anhui Province in 2020 involves three types: mild imbalance, imminent imbalance and reluctantly coordinated, indicating that there is still a gap between this cities. Therefore, it is proposed to improve the comprehensive level of the ecological environment system, promote the coordinated symbiosis between urban development and the ecological environment and reduce the developmental differences of cities within the region.
Editorial of Special Issue “Optimization and Applications of Modern Wireless Networks and Symmetry”
Authors: Chen Pingping , Shi Long , Fang Yi
Published: September 2022

This book contains the successfully published submissions [...]
Cartan F(R) Gravity and Equivalent Scalar–Tensor Theory
Authors: Inagaki Tomohiro , Taniguchi Masahiko
Published: September 2022

We investigate the Cartan formalism in F(R) gravity. F(R) gravity has been introduced as a theory to explain cosmologically accelerated expansions by replacing the Ricci scalar R in the Einstein–Hilbert action with a function of R. As is well-known, F(R) gravity is rewritten as a scalar–tensor theory by using the conformal transformation. Cartan F(R) gravity is described based on the Riemann–Cartan geometry formulated by the vierbein-associated local Lorenz symmetry. In the Cartan formalism, the Ricci scalar R is divided into two parts: one derived from the Levi–Civita connection and the other from the torsion. Assuming the spin connection-independent matter action, we have successfully rewritten the action of Cartan F(R) gravity into the Einstein–Hilbert action and a scalar field with canonical kinetic and potential terms without any conformal transformations. red Thus, symmetries in Cartan F(R) gravity are clearly conserved. The resulting scalar–tensor theory is useful in applications of the usual slow-roll scenario. As a simple case, we employ the Starobinsky model and evaluate fluctuations in cosmological microwave background radiation.
Optimization Design of Unbonded Areas Layout in Titanium Alloy Laminates for Fatigue Performance
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Shutian
Published: September 2022

This paper proposed a new type of unbonded areas which are preset in diffusion bonding titanium alloy laminates (DB-TAL). A group of DB-TAL specimens with symmetric striped unbonded areas were prepared, and the fatigue experiments under symmetric tension–tension cyclic loading were conducted. The fatigue crack growth behavior was studied from the fracture surface. The results show that this kind of unbonded area can toughen the DB-TAL based on a new mechanism. For the new toughening mechanism, we extracted the key factors in the DB-TAL specimens with symmetric striped unbonded areas and built a simplified model to analyze the key parameters. The results show that the size and location of the unbonded areas are the key factors for the toughening design, and the model we built can efficiently give the optimization design for the DB-TAL specimens with striped unbonded areas.
Distributed Multiple High-Speed Trains Consensus Control Based on Event-Triggered Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Tong , Li Yu
Published: September 2022

This paper studies the consensus control problem of multiple high-speed trains with nonlinear running resistance based on a distributed event-triggered control protocol. Firstly, the multiple high-speed trains are established as a multi-agent model with a leader–follower. For the system whose leader has an unknown input, the effective state observers are introduced to observe the state of the train. Then, an observer-based event-triggered strategy is designed to determine the time when the train state is transmitted to the local controller and adjacent trains. The proposed control scheme is based on local information, and the solutions of the state observer and the gain symmetric matrices parameters of the distributed event-triggered control strategy are constructed in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Through the Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for the stable and safe operation of multiple high-speed trains systems are obtained. Finally, a simulation example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Black Hole Universe, Part I
Authors: Gaztanaga Enrique
Published: September 2022

The original Friedmann (1922) and Lemaitre (1927) cosmological model corresponds to a classical solution of General Relativity (GR), with the same uniform (FLRW) metric as the standard cosmology, but bounded to a sphere of radius R and empty space outside. We study the junction conditions for R to show that a co-moving observer, like us, located anywhere inside R, measures the same background and has the same past light-cone as an observer in an infinite FLRW with the same density. We also estimate the mass M inside R and show that in the observed universe R<rS≡2 GM, which corresponds to a Black Hole Universe (BHU). We argue that this original Friedmann–Lemaitre model can explain the observed cosmic acceleration without the need of Dark Energy, because rS acts like a cosmological constant Λ=3/rS2. The same solution can describe the interior of a stellar or galactic BHs. In co-moving coordinates the BHU is expanding while in physical or proper coordinates it is asymptotically static. Such frame duality corresponds to a simple Lorentz transformation. The BHU therefore provides a physical BH solution with an asymptotically deSitter metric interior that merges into a Schwarzschild metric exterior without discontinuities.
Special Issue Editorial “Symmetric Distributions, Moments and Applications”
Authors: Tomovski Zivorad
Published: September 2022

In 1933, Kolmogorov published his book, Foundations of the Theory of Probability, laying the modern axiomatic foundations of probability theory and establishing his reputation as the world’s leading expert in this field [...]
Noether Symmetries of Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi Metric via Rif Tree Approach
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Hussain Tahir , Mlaiki Nabil , Mukheimer Aiman
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we have explored Noether symmetries for the Lagrangian corresponding to the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) spacetime metric via a Rif tree approach. Instead of the frequently used method of directly integrating the Noether symmetry equations, a MAPLE algorithm is used to convert these equations to the reduced involutive form (Rif). The interesting feature of this algorithm is that it provides all possible metrics admitting different dimensional Noether symmetries. These metrics are given in the form of branches of a tree, known as a Rif tree. These metrics are used to solve the determining equations and the explicit form of symmetry vector fields are found, giving 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, and 17-dimensional Noether algebras. To add some physical implications, Einstein’s field equations are used to find the stress-energy tensor for all the explicitly known metrics, and the parameters appearing in the metrics are used to find bounds for different energy conditions.
A Practical Disturbance Rejection Control Scheme for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Authors: Suleimenov Kanat , Do Ton Duc
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes a novel disturbance rejection control scheme for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives. Based on the framework of modified disturbance observer (DOB)-based control, the final topology of the proposed disturbance rejection proportional–integral (DR-PI) controller includes a pre-filter and a controller in a proportional–integral (PI) form. The proposed DR-PI control scheme is practical with a straightforward gain tuning rule. Note that the gain selection method is the main issue of not only conventional PI controllers but also advanced methods such as DOB-based controllers. In addition, by starting from the framework of modified DOB, this paper also proves that the PI controller with an pre-filter possesses a disturbance rejection ability similar to a DOB-based control method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such a simple and effective PI controller is designed for the speed control of PMSMs as well as theoretically proven to have a perfect disturbance rejection ability. This paper shows the steps of selecting the parameters of the proposed controller in terms of the parameters of a desired plant model, disturbance observer and compensator. Hence, unlike a traditional DOB case, in this approach, one can simultaneously tune the controller and observer at the same time. The appearance of the pre-filter from the modified DOB scheme solves an overshoot problem, thus the general motor operation is significantly improved, which is validated by experiments. The experimental evidence under two scenarios of load torque change and speed change prove the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to conventional PI and DOB control (DOBC) schemes. All the experiments were implemented on a 300 W PMSM of a setup manufactured by Lucas-Nuelle GmbH with a digital signal processor.
The QCD Adler Function and the Muon g − 2 Anomaly from Renormalons
Authors: Maiezza Alessio , Vasquez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

We describe the Adler function in Quantum Chromodynamics using a transseries representation within a resurgent framework. The approach is based on a Borel-Ecalle resummation of the infrared renormalons combined with an effective running for the strong coupling. The new approach is flexible enough to give values in agreement with the current Adler function determinations. We then apply our finding to the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment studying the possibility of saturating, solely in terms of the vacuum polarization function, the current discrepancy between the best Standard Model value for the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment and the experimental value obtained by the most recent muon g−2 collaboration. The latter shows that the Adler function’s new representation can also be consistent with recent lattice determinations.
Characterization of Lung Injury following Abrin Pulmonary Intoxication in Mice: Comparison to Ricin Poisoning
Authors: Sapoznikov Anita , Gal Yoav , Alcalay Ron , Evgy Yentl , Sabo Tamar , Kronman Chanoch , Falach Reut
Published: September 2022

Abrin is a highly toxic protein obtained from the seeds of the rosary pea plant Abrus precatorius, and it is closely related to ricin in terms of its structure and chemical properties. Both toxins inhibit ribosomal function, halt protein synthesis and lead to cellular death. The major clinical manifestations following pulmonary exposure to these toxins consist of severe lung inflammation and consequent respiratory insufficiency. Despite the high similarity between abrin and ricin in terms of disease progression, the ability to protect mice against these toxins by postexposure antibody-mediated treatment differs significantly, with a markedly higher level of protection achieved against abrin intoxication. In this study, we conducted an in-depth comparison between the kinetics of in vivo abrin and ricin intoxication in a murine model. The data demonstrated differential binding of abrin and ricin to the parenchymal cells of the lungs. Accordingly, toxin-mediated injury to the nonhematopoietic compartment was shown to be markedly lower in the case of abrin intoxication. Thus, profiling of alveolar epithelial cells demonstrated that although toxin-induced damage was restricted to alveolar epithelial type II cells following abrin intoxication, as previously reported for ricin, it was less pronounced. Furthermore, unlike following ricin intoxication, no direct damage was detected in the lung endothelial cell population following abrin exposure. Reduced impairment of intercellular junction molecules following abrin intoxication was detected as well. In contrast, similar damage to the endothelial surface glycocalyx layer was observed for the two toxins. We assume that the reduced damage to the lung stroma, which maintains a higher level of tissue integrity following pulmonary exposure to abrin compared to ricin, contributes to the high efficiency of the anti-abrin antibody treatment at late time points after exposure.
Botulinum Toxin—A Current Place in the Treatment of Chronic Migraine and Other Primary Headaches
Authors: Kępczyńska Katarzyna , Domitrz Izabela
Published: September 2022

Headaches are a very common condition that most people will experience many times during their lives. This article presents the primary headaches, which are a large group of diseases where the headache is not a symptom of another known disease. Tension-type headache affects approximately 80% of the general population, and the prevalence of migraine is estimated at 10–12%. Clinical data and experience to date have demonstrated that botulinum toxin may be an effective prophylactic treatment for chronic headache types. It has been used in neurology for the treatment of dystonia and blepharospasm. Now it has been approved to treat chronic migraine and has been shown to confer significant benefit in refractory cases. Based on clinical experience botulinum toxin has also been tried in other headache disorders. While it is intuitively attractive to think that due to its effect on pain by sensory modulation, there may also be efficacy in its use in chronic tension-type headache and cluster headache, so far, there is little evidence to support this. Botulinum toxin is effective in pain control through its interaction with the SNARE complex, which inhibits the release of neurotransmitters, such as glutamate, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide. OnabotulinumtoxinA is effective not only in headache frequency and pain intensity but in other parameters, including quality of life.
Neuronutrición: repercusiones de los excesos y de las deficiencias nutricionales
Authors: López-Hernández María Estela
Published: September 2022

La neuronutrición es la ciencia que estudia el efecto de los nutrientes en el sistema nervioso y sus funciones. Esta área investiga la relación directa que existe entre los nutrimentos y la producción de los neuromoduladores, los cuales desempeñan un papel primordial en la regulación de muchos aspectos de la actividad cerebral, como el humor, la motivación, el estrés, los comportamientos alimentarios (hambre y saciedad), el sueño y toda la parte emocional que interviene en la alimentación.
El nutricionista-dietista ante el aneurisma de aorta abdominal
Authors: Almendra-Pegueros Rafael , Martínez-González José , Rodríguez Cristina , Galán María
Published: September 2022

Editorial
¿Cómo realizar investigación científica en nutrición clínica?
Authors: Perez Cano Angélica Maria
Published: September 2022

Carta de la presidenta
Aprendo en casa en el logro de aprendizaje del niño en el área de comunicación
Authors: Llancce Mery , Coacalla-Castillo Carlos , Rios Jenny , Farfán Yony , Callalli Svetlania
Published: September 2022

Este libro es una adaptación de una investigación presentada en la Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac este estudio se realizó con la finalidad de precisar el influjo de “Aprendo en casa” sobre la realización de su formación en el área de comunicación de los niños de cinco años de las instituciones educativas públicas del nivel inicial de Tamburco (Perú) – 2020. La investigación fue desarrollada a través de una indagación básica, explicativa, no experimental y transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, para lo cual se elaboró dos instrumentos de investigación para cada una de las variables con un total de 36 Ítems y fueron aplicados a 106 padres de familia y niños. El procesamiento de los datos permitió llegar a hallazgos no inferenciales e inferenciales, la prueba para la constatación del supuesto fue el coeficiente de correlación de Tau_b de Kendal, llegando a la conclusión que la estrategia educativa “Aprendo en casa” incide de manera efectiva y elocuente sobre el logro de aprendizaje en el área de comunicación, debido a que su significancia estadística resultante es = ,028 siendo menor al nivel de significancia = ,05. Sin embargo, el nivel de influencia es bajo debido a que t = ,216.
خطة التدريس لمادة الترجمة في المدرسة الثانوية الحكومية دولوفو ماديون
Authors: Nasrowi Bagas Mukti
Published: September 2022

Translation is the ability to transfer speech either literally or by acting from one language to another without increasing or decreasing in such a way that the reader or the hearer understands the translated text as understood by the original text reader or the listener. The translation into the various literature dealing with the theory of translation is divided into two main types: literal translation and free translation. The researcher takes the subject of “the plan to study translation in Senior High School Dolopo Madiun” because some students in the Senior High School have difficulty in understanding the text Arabic language and made it difficult for students to translate the Arabic language into the Indonesian language. Teaching plans for translation include: teaching objectives for the subject of translation, content for translation material, teaching methods for translation, means of translation and evaluation of translation material.
Diffraction by a Parallel-Plate T-Junction
Authors: Honarbakhsh Babak
Published: September 2022

Application of the method of Kobayashi potentials (KP) is extended to the electromagnetic (EM) diffraction from the parallel-plate T-junction. Standard integral identities are used for problem formulation, without direct usage of Weber-Schafheitlin (WS) integrals. The Fourier function space is exploited for the construction of the governing linear equations. A simple strategy is suggested for the evaluation of the required improper integrals. Numerical results are validated through convergence analysis.
Determination of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Activities in Dogs Infected with Canine Distemper Virus
Authors: HATİPOĞLU Durmuş , DİK Irmak , GÜLERSOY Erdem
Published: September 2022

Supraphysiological reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been linked to a variety of diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. One of the diseases pathophysiologically associated with ROS accumulation is canine distemper (CD). The purpose of this study was to compare lipid peroxidation and antioxidant biomarkers in dogs infected with canine distemper virus (CDV) to healthy dogs. The animals in this study consisted of a total of 20 dogs, 10 CDV-positive dogs (Trial group) aged 0–12 months of different breeds and sexes, and 10 healthy dogs (Control group) aged 0–12 months of different breeds and sexes. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated with commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits using serum samples. While the activities of GSH and SOD were statistically lower in CDV positive animals compared to healthy animals (p
Prediksi Peserta Didik Baru untuk Mengoptimalkan Promosi Menggunakan Algoritma Monte Carlo
Authors: Najib Muhammad , Roza Faisal
Published: September 2022

Telkom Elementary school of Padang is the digital-based school that utilizes advanced technology to elevate the quality of teaching, service, and evaluation. Digitalization is supposed to be provided with digital tools in which those are the most important things for the development of the school. This element is significantly beneficial for assisting the process of the school promotion in terms of students admission. To go further, the use of technology in this school has been incredibly beneficial for improving the promotion process of students admission. In the beginning of 2019, Telkom elementary school of Padang has been utilizing technology for obtaining the data of new students such as the information of registrants’ identity and payment process. Currently, Telkom Elementary school of Padang needs more evaluation towards its previous data that has been derived by digital tools in order to optimize the promotion process. Therefore, optimizing the promotion in students’ admission process becomes the main objective of this study. In order to achieve the goal, the data that used in this study is derived from school year off 2020-2021 and 2022-2023. The data consists of registration number, registration date, students name, and the name of the previous school that has been attended. Furthermore, Monte Carlo has been selected as the method used in this study. Based on the Monte Carlo test, there are 124 registrants predicted in the school year of 2021-2022 with the accuracy rate of 84%, 115 registrants for the school year of 2022-2023 with 81% of accuracy level, and 129 registrants predicted for the upcoming school year of 2023-2024. Thus, this research is able to be a reference for optimizing the promotion process in students admission of Telkom Elementary School of Padang.