bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinician perspectives on policy approaches to genetic risk disclosure in families
Authors: Phillips Amicia , Vears Danya F. , Hoyweghen Ine , Borry Pascal
Published: October 2023

Genomic sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool with significant implications for patients and their relatives, however, empirical evidence suggests that effective dissemination of risk information within families remains a challenge. Policy responses to address this issue vary across countries, with Belgium notably lacking specific regulations governing nondisclosure of genetic risk. In this study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with clinicians from Belgian clinical genetics centers to gain insight into their perspectives on policy approaches to the disclosure of genetic risk within families. Using real-world examples of legislation and court rulings from France, Australia, and the UK, we explored clinician viewpoints on the roles and responsibilities of both patients and clinicians in the family communication process. Clinicians expressed confusion regarding what was legally permissible regarding contacting at-risk relatives. While there was a consensus among participants that patients have a responsibility to inform their at-risk relatives, participants were hesitant to support the legal enforcement of this duty. Clinicians mostly recognized some responsibility to at-risk relatives, but the extent of this responsibility was a subject of division. Our findings highlight the need for a comprehensive policy that clarifies the roles and responsibilities of clinicians and patients to inform at-risk relatives. Furthermore, the study underscores the practical challenges clinicians face in supporting patients through the complex process of family communication, suggesting a need for additional resources and the exploration of alternative approaches to communication.
HiFNet: rethinking time series forecasting models from a perspective of error power spectrum
Authors: Zhu Changsheng , Yuan Peiwen
Published: October 2023

In recent years, simple models for time series forecasting task have attracted considerable attention from researchers. Recent works have revealed that a simple linear mapping is even more competitive in forecasting tasks than some well-designed models; meanwhile, MLPs can outperform linear models on datasets with a large number of channels. However, it remains unclear what the key difference is between these two architectures. In this paper, we explore the difference between linear models and MLPs from a novel perspective of error power spectrum. We analyze the inter-model and intra-training comparisons of error power spectrum and note that: 1) the error power at all frequencies is not uniformly distributed and different models have different error power spectral bias; 2) the error power at different frequencies does not necesarily converge at an equal rate. And based on these key observations, we propose a time series forecasting model called HiFNet, which stands for High-Frequency enhanced Network, and a model-agnostic ensemble learning approach called Frequency Ensemble. We conduct several experiments on different datasets and validate the effectiveness of our approaches.
Simulative Development of the Mössbauer Spectroscopy With Focus on the Transimpedance of the Photodiode Circuit -- Part I
Authors: Beyki Mohammad , Pawlak Justus , Patzke Robert , Renz Franz
Published: October 2023

In the context of planetary exploration, the MIMOS II (miniaturized Mössbauer spectrometer) serves as a proven and reliable measuring instrument [1]. The MIMOS II originally devised by Göstar Klingelhöfer, is further developed by the Renz group at the Leibniz University Hanover in cooperation with the Hanover University of Applied Sciences [1] [2]. In this context here, the transmission behavior of the initially simulated amplifier circuit is to be determined and can serve as a basis for a later control [3]. Here, the results, are collected of the the circuit version intended for practical tests. The electrical circuit used in this elaboration is a modified version of a photodiode amplifier [3] [4]. The amplifier combines and replaces the usually switched multiple filters and the signal pickup of the photodiode current and the design should help to weigh advantages and disadvantages against other simulated circuits in order to optimize the MIMOS II for the terestric and extraterestric measurment.
Structural behavior of severely corroded RC beams retrofitted with UHPC layer - experimental study and numerical analysis
Authors: Biswas Rajib Kumar , Saito Takahiro , Misawa Takashi , Iwanami Mitsuyasu
Published: October 2023

Corrosion of reinforcement bars in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is considered a major concern. This study examines the flexural response of severely corroded RC beams retrofitted with ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPC) layer. UHPC layers were attached to the concrete substrate in four different configurations to investigate whether they could strengthen severely corroded RC beams. To represent carbonation-induced uniform corrosion, artificial corrosion was adopted in this study by replacing the deformed bars with plain bars and reducing the cross-sectional area. The plain steel bars represented about 38% of rebar corrosion. Obtained results revealed that UHPC layers can remarkably enhance the structural performance when it comes to serviceability and ultimate limit state. The test results also revealed that RC beams retrofitted with the UHPC layer might be unable to improve the displacement capacity of the corroded RC beam owing to bond deterioration between the concrete and embedded rebars and reduced cross-sectional area. Finally, a simplified numerical model was developed in this study and validated with the experimental results.
Underlying dynamical system that could be isomorphic to a bounded subset of polynomials
Authors: Saito Cyprien
Published: October 2023

Underlying dynamical system as the calculation process that computational volume is limited is studied. For the proper localization of the bases of such a normed space within the ordered set of polynomials, it is necessary to evoke the formalization of tropical varieties adequetely according to their pre-topological setting (periodic, almost periodic) estimation by Lyapunov's V-function.
Fingerprinting the source and complex history of ore fluids of a giant lode gold deposit using quartz textures and in-situ oxygen isotopes
Authors: Fan Gao-Hua , Li Jian-Wei , Robinson Paul T. , Wu Ya-Fei , Deng Xiao-Dong , Wang Fang-Yue , Gao Wen-Sheng , Li Si-Yuan , Fan Liang
Published: October 2023

Determining the source and history of hydrothermal fluids are key to better understanding the genesis of lode gold deposits. However, it is difficult to rigorously constrain the fluid history because the fluids typically have a prolonged and complicated history that may obscure the original source signature. We integrate textural characterization, trace element geochemistry, and in situ oxygen isotope analyses of quartz covering three major paragenetic stages of the world-class Dongping lode gold deposit to fingerprint the ore-fluid source and document the deposit’s complex hydrothermal history. Six quartz generations were identified from three paragenetic stages. They consistently display small to large ranges in δ18O values from 13.1 to 0.6‰ (VSMOW), which correspond to calculated δ18O values of 7.4 to –6.0‰ for the quartz-forming fluids. These isotope data are intermediate between the δ 18O ranges of magmatic fluids and meteoric water and thus are best interpreted in terms of episodic fluxes of magmatically derived fluids and their subsequent mixing with variable proportions of external meteoric water. Our results highlight the important role of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and their mixing with meteoric water to form the giant Dongping gold deposit. Given the high abundance of quartz that typically spans the entire mineralization process of lode gold deposits, we envisage the versatility and reliability of in situ oxygen isotope analysis of well-characterized quartz in deciphering the origin and complex evolution history of gold-forming fluids.
Four lectures on Euler integrals
Authors: Matsubara-Heo Saiei-Jaeyeong , Mizera Sebastian , Telen Simon
Published: October 2023

These lecture notes provide a self-contained introduction to Euler integrals, which are frequently encountered in applications. In particle physics, they arise as Feynman integrals or string amplitudes. Our four selected topics demonstrate the diverse mathematical techniques involved in the study of Euler integrals, including polyhedral geometry, very affine varieties, differential equations, and computational algebra.
Enhancing and sustaining employee engagement through HRM practices: A study on Indian unicorn startups
Authors: Dey Chanchal , Khan Sania , Iyer Srinivasan , Mohamad Zaleha , Ahmed Khan Ali
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on human resource management (HRM) practices that encourage employee engagement. It aims to explore the relationship between HRM practices and employee engagement and also investigates the moderating role of employee gender between both variables. The study applied a cross-sectional research design alongside correlational and regression analysis to evaluate the responses of 410 employees working in unicorn startups based in Gurgaon, New Delhi, and Mumbai through the structured survey questionnaires. Regarding the respondents’ gender, the majority are male (70%), and female constitutes 30%. However, the study results demonstrated that no matter an employee’s age or gender, effective HRM practices have a strong positive correlation with employee engagement (β = 0.93; p < 0.001). The results of the regression model show that HRM practices have explained 87% of the variance in employee engagement, which indicates that most of the employee engagement level depends on the best HRM practices of the organization. The gender differences do not significantly moderate this relationship. The F value in ANOVA analysis showed the overall significance of the model. The findings illustrated that by improving skills and promoting employee engagement, individuals experience heightened satisfaction levels and assume greater responsibility for their assigned duties.
AcknowledgmentThis study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University project number (PSAU/2023/R/1445).
Gender Aspects of Cognitive Functioning in Former COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Solodukhin Anton V. , Seryy Andrey V. , Varich Lidiia A. , Bryukhanov Yaroslav I. , Zhikharev Aleksandr Yu.
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a comparative analysis of cognitive functioning in women and men after COVID-19. A comprehensive assessment covered coping behavior and life purpose orientation in their connection with cognitive functions. It involved 65 former COVID-19 patients (26 men and 39 women). The general cognitive state was assessed with the help of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Scale while the Frontal Assessment Batter (FAB) Test made it possible to determine the level of self-control in planning behavior. The coping behavior was evaluated using R. Lazarus’s Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ). The semantic orientation of behavior was carried out using the Life Purpose Orientation technique developed by D. A. Leontiev. The research revealed some gender-related differences. The men demonstrated no connection between their coping behavior and the cognitive state. They had a lower sense of purpose and were mostly past-oriented. The women, on the contrary, showed a strong relationship between coping behavior, cognitive state, and life purpose orientation. In women, the restoration of cognitive functions led to a decrease in productive and unproductive behavioral responses to stressful situations, as well as to a greater sense of purpose and retrospective analysis.
Development of flood forecasting and warning system using hybrid approach of ensemble and hydrological model for Dharoi Dam
Authors: Patel Anant , Yadav S. M.
Published: October 2023

The most frequent natural disaster is flooding. Advanced forecasting systems are lacking in developing countries. The majority of urban areas are located close to flood plains for rivers. Accurate flood forecasting is necessary for reservoir planning and flood management. The Sabarmati River's atmospheric-hydrologic ensemble flood forecasting model has been developed using TIGGE data. Precipitation can be reliably predicted by TIGGE's global ensemble numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. By using NWP data, flood forecasting systems may be extended from hours to days. Ensemble weather forecasts are produced using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and National Centers for Environmental Prediction together with 5-day lead times from TIGGE. The flood occurrences from 2015, 2017, and 2020 were used for the calibration and validation of the ensemble flood forecasting model. Bias was corrected using Bayesian model averaging (BMA), heterogeneous extended linear regression, censored non-homogeneous linear regression (cNLR), and other statistical downscaling techniques. Forecasted and downscaled precipitation data were checked using the Brier score and rank likelihood score. For cNLR, Brier's score performed admirably. The specificity vs. sensitivity performance of the cNLR and BMA approaches is 91.87 and 91.82%, respectively, according to receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve diagrams. Models with the hybrid hydrologic coupling approach accurately predict floods. Users may predict peak time and peak discharge hazard likelihood with reliability using peak time and flood warning probability distributions.
Rosuvastatin Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes by Normalizing
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via Calpain-1 Inhibition
Authors: Zhao Zhao , Wang Xinpeng , Lu Meili , Gao Yuxia
Published: October 2023

Background:

Rosuvastatin contributes to the improvement of vascular complications in diabetes,
but the protective mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect and
mechanism of rosuvastatin on endothelial dysfunction induced by diabetes.

Methods:

Calpain-1 knockout (Capn1 EK684-/-) and C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with STZ
to induce type 1 diabetes. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with high glucose
in this study. The function of isolated vascular rings, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)
indicators were measured in this experiment.

Results:

The results showed that rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg/d) and calpain-1 knockout improved impaired vasodilation
in an endothelial-dependent manner, and this effect was abolished by an ERS inducer. Rosuvastatin administration
inhibited calpain-1 activation and ERS induced by high glucose, as well as apoptosis and oxidative
stress both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, an ERS inducer (tunicamycin) offset the beneficial effect of rosuvastatin
on endothelial dysfunction and ERS, which was accompanied by increased calpain-1 expression.
The ERS inhibitor showed a similar improvement in endothelial dysfunction with rosuvastatin but could not increase
the improvement in endothelial function of rosuvastatin.

Conclusion:

These results suggested that rosuvastatin improves endothelial dysfunction by suppressing calpain-
1 and normalizing ERS, subsequently decreasing apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Exploration of Molecular Targets and Mechanisms of Curcumin in the Treatment of
COVID-19 with Depression by an Integrative Pharmacology Strategy
Authors: Zhu Dongwei , Zhou Xianmei
Published: October 2023

Background::

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only causes a range of respiratory symptoms
but also has a great impact on individual mental health. With the global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, the
incidence of COVID-19 comorbid with depression has increased significantly. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol
compound, has been shown to have antidepressant and anti-coronavirus activities.

Methods::

This study aimed to explore the molecular targets and underlying biological mechanisms of curcumin
in the treatment of COVID-19 with depression through an integrative pharmacology strategy, including
target prediction, network analysis, PPI analysis, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, and molecular docking.

Results::

After a comprehensive search and thorough analysis, 8 core targets (ALB, AKT1, CASP3, STAT3,
EGFR, PTGS2, FOS, and SERPINE1) were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis results revealed
that the pathways related to viral infection, immune regulation, neuronal reorganization, apoptosis, and secretion
of inflammatory cytokines were involved in the pathological process. Furthermore, molecular docking
showed that curcumin could spontaneously bind to the SARS-CoV-2-related receptor proteins and the core
targets with a strong binding force.

Conclusion::

The potential pharmacological mechanisms of curcumin in COVID-19 comorbid depression
were evaluated. Curcumin can be used as a therapeutic agent for COVID-19 comorbid depression. One of the
potential mechanisms may be to reduce the inflammatory response and suppress the cytokine storm by regulating
the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. These findings may help to overcome
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological health.
Novel Aptamers for the Reactivation of Latent HIV
Authors: Serumula William , Nkambule Bongani , Parboosing Raveen
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

A “Shock and Kill” strategy has been proposed to eradicate the HIV latent
viral reservoir. Effective Latency Reversal Agents (LRA) are a key requirement for this strategy.
The search for LRAs with a novel mechanism of action is ongoing. This is the first study to
propose aptamers for the reactivation of HIV.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to identify an aptamer that potentially reactivates HIV
via the NF-κβ pathway, specifically by binding to IkB and releasing NF-κβ.

Methods:

Aptamer selection was performed at Aptus Biotech (www.aptusbiotech.es), using ikB
human recombinant protein with His tag bound to Ni-NTA agarose resin using the SELEX procedure.
Activation of NF-κβ was measured by SEAP Assay. HIV reactivation was measured in JLat
cells using a BD FACS-Canto™ II flow cytometer. All flow cytometry data were analyzed using
Kaluza analyzing software.

Results:

Clones that had equivalent or greater activation than the positive control in the SEAP assay
were regarded as potential reactivators of the NF-κβ pathway and were sequenced. The three
ikb clones namely R6-1F, R6-2F, and R6-3F were found to potentially activate the NF-κβ pathway.
Toxicity was determined by exposing lymphocytes to serial dilutions of the aptamers; the
highest concentration of the aptamers that did not decrease viability by > 20% was used for the reactivation
experiments. The three novel aptamers R6-1F, R6-2F, and R6-3F resulted in 4,07%,
6,72% and 3,42% HIV reactivation, respectively, while the untreated control showed minimal
(<0.18%) fluorescence detection.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated the reactivation of latent HIV by aptamers that act via the
NF-κβ pathway. Although the effect was modest and unlikely to be of clinical benefit, future
studies are warranted to explore ways of enhancing reactivation.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Oral Pt(IV) Prodrugs Containing α-furancarboxylate as an Axial Ligand
Authors: Gao Anli , Zhou Peng , Yu Juan , Luo Min , Jiang Jing , Zhang Ling , Liu Weiping , Qing Chen
Published: October 2023

Background:

The clinical applications of platinum-based anticancer drugs are largely
compromised by side effects and drug resistance. Therefore, novel platinum-based anticancer drugs
with improved injected or oral therapeutic index and low resistance need to be developed.

Objective:

This study aimed at the synthesis and anticancer activity testing of Pt(IV) prodrugs containing
α-furancarboxylate as an axial ligand. This would pave the way for obtaining novel Pt(IV)
prodrugs with better anticancer activity by comparing the anticancer activity with their parent platinum(
II) complexes.

Methods:

In this study, synthesis, in vitro cytoxicity assay, and in vivo anticancer activity evaluation of
three Pt(IV) complexes, cis,trans,cis-[Pt(NH3)2(OH)(α-furancarboxylato)Cl2] (FPt-1), cis,trans,cis-
[Pt(NH3)2(OH)(α-furancarboxylato)(1,1'-cylobutanedicarboxylato)] (FPt-2), and cis,trans,cis-
[Pt(1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)(OH)(α-furancarboxylato)(C2O4)] (FPt-3), were carried out.

Results:

Three Pt(IV) complexes exhibited considerable cytoxicity against the tested human cancer
cells (MCF-7, A549 and HCT116), which was found to be slightly lower than the corresponding
Pt(II) drugs. However, FPt-1 and FPt-3 displayed comparable antitumor efficacy to cisplatin and
oxaliplatin in the murine S180 sarcoma model after intraperitoneal administration. More importantly,
the intragastric administration test indicated the antitumor efficacy of FPt-3 to be much greater than
oxaliplatin.

Conclusion:

FPt-3 has shown excellent oral antitumor activity and it could be administrated in an
oral dosage form.
When Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension may be Associated with Portal
Hypertension: A Case Report of Two Different Hepatic Disorders in One
Patient with Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Radchenko Ganna D. , Sirenko Yuriy M.
Published: October 2023

Background::

pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare complication of hepatic
diseases with portal hypertension that, however, has a significant influence on prognosis. We
present a mini-review of how to diagnose and treat it based on a clinical case.

Case Presentation:

in early childhood, a patient had portal hypertension associated
with cavernous transformation of the portal vein. It was successfully treated by reno-splenic surgery.
At the age of 20 years, this patient experienced increased dyspnea at minimal physical activity
after the hepatic biopsy due to a hepatocellular adenoma. The examination in the specialized
unit showed PAH, which was evaluated as associated with portal hypertension (PAH-PoH).
The specific two-drug combination therapy was started with prominent improvement in patient’s
state. Successful surgical tumor treatment was provided some months later. The practical and
clinical approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of PAH-PoH are discussed. It was emphasized
that not all patients with portal hypertension have pulmonary hypertension, which needs to
be treated. A lot of evidence gaps exist in management of these patients.

Conclusion::

all patients, even with past history of portal hypertension, should be monitored
closely and screened for PAH earlier, for better results of treatment.
Intrahepatic Pseudoaneurysm Developing at the Confluence of Bilateral Biliary
Drains Six Months Following a Procedure- A Case Report
Authors: Qtaish Izzeddin , Ayasrah Mohammad , Qtaish Noat R.
Published: October 2023

Background::

Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) exhibit a notable risk of rupture, with both true aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms being exceptionally
uncommon (incidence rate approximately 2 per 100,000). Symptoms include epigastric and right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, and potentially
life-threatening bleeding upon rupture. This bleeding can extend into the portal vein, hepatic vein, biliary system, or abdominal cavity. While
existing literature lacks reports of delayed post-therapeutic complications, this case report discusses a 27-year-old female who developed a
pseudoaneurysm six months after bilateral biliary drain insertion, underscoring the potential for delayed complications.

Case Presentation::

The patient underwent gastric endoscopy revealing an extensive lower esophageal varix protruding into the proximal stomach, subsequently treated
with banding. The stomach and duodenum were found to contain fresh blood and blood clots indicating acute bleeding.

:

An urgent CT scan identified active bleeding (extravasation) at segment V and blood accumulation at the confluence of the right and left biliary
drains. This was followed by celiac and selective hepatic digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Conclusion::

This case study outlines the occurrence of a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm six months after percutaneous insertion of bilateral biliary drains. The
pseudoaneurysm manifested precisely at the confluence of the right and left drains. The reported delayed complication may have resulted from
friction between the drains at the confluence or erosion of the adjacent artery by the drains. The insights gained from this case shed light on the
causes and preventive measures for potential delayed complications associated with percutaneous biliary drain placement.
Antidiabetic Activity and HPTLC Analysis of a Classical Indian Herbomineral
Formulation – Vidangadilouham
Authors: Debnath Monojit , Roy Moulisha Biswas , Sarkar Debdip , Ghosh Chowdhury Payel , Goswami Ayan , Bala Asis , Haldar Pallab Kanti
Published: October 2023

Background::

Vidangalilouham (VDL) is an Ayurveda classical Indian herbomineral preparation prescribed for its effective antidiabetic activity. Among the
official formulations of Ayurveda, five different compositions are available by the same name. The particular composition used in this study is
only marketed but has yet to be evaluated.

Aim and Objective::

The study aimed to assess and validate the antihyperglycemic activity of VDL in high-fat and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic
animal models.

Methods::

High-fat diet-induced animal model of hyperglycemia was generated by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (35 mg/kg body weight) into the
rats fed with high fat for the previous 30 days. Seven days after STZ induction, the hyperglycemic rats were treated with VDL orally at 100 and
200 mg/kg body weight daily for 28 days. The fasting blood glucose levels (FBG) were measured every 7th day during the 28 days of treatment.
The glycosylated hemoglobin levels, liver and serum biochemical parameters, and histopathological findings were estimated and compared.

Results and Discussion::

VDL-treated animals significantly exhibited reduced FBG levels compared to the diabetic control group. The lipid peroxidation and antioxidant
enzyme levels, such as CAT, GSH, and SOD, in the VDL-treated groups, were restored toward normal levels compared to diabetic control groups,
and the values were comparable with the standard group (metformin). The critical diabetic marker, i.e., glycosylated hemoglobin levels were
significantly (*p<0.05) decreased when treated with VDL.

Conclusion::

Improvement in the FBG and the restoration of all other biomarkers observed in this study indicate VDL to have excellent antidiabetic activity with
meager side effects, and thus, the findings provide a scientific rationale for its use as an antidiabetic agent.
Unlocking the Microbial Potential of Intercalated Calcium-aluminum
Layered Double Hydroxide-palmitic Acid
Authors: Johari Nur Adlina , Sheikh Mohd Ghazali Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin , Ismail Nurul Huda , Ariffin Suhaidi , Poddar Sandeep , Biswas Hari Shankar
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

An efficient and coherent drug delivery system is imperative in detouring
a repetitive administration of high doses of the drug to achieve an effective therapeutic effect. This
study, therefore, aims to synthesize the nanocomposite (CAPA) utilizing the layered double hydroxide
as a drug carrier that can safeguard the medicine and improve its bioavailability while minimizing
the adverse impact on the biological process.

Method:

The Calcium-aluminum Layered Double Hydroxide (CAL) was synthesized via the coprecipitation
method followed by integrating palmitic acid (PA) drug into that host employing a
similar approach. The successful intercalation was assessed utilizing X-ray diffraction (PXRD)
analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The characterization of the material
was evaluated by using a thermogravimetric-derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTG)
and accelerated surface area and porosity (ASAP) analyzer.

Result:

The increment of basal spacing of CAPA (15.21Å) synthesized in this study implies the retainment
of PA in the interlayer space of CAL. The FTIR spectra of CAPA, with the elimination of
the nitrate ion peak at 1359.87 cm-1 and the appearance of carboxylate ion at 1643.17 cm-1, hint at
the existence of PA in the host layer. The surface area of CAPA exhibited a value of 19.8 m2g-1,
bigger than that of hosts, while its pore size is within the micropores range.

Conclusion:

The TGA analysis revealed that the thermal stability of PA was improved following
the intercalation process due to the decomposition of the PA core that occurs at 260°C. The antimicrobial
activity proposes that the synthesized CAPA can retain the drug's activity against S. aureus,
emphasizing the ability of CAL as a potential drug delivery vehicle for PA.
A Structure-based Data Set of Protein-peptide Affinities and its
Nonredundant Benchmark: Potential Applications in Computational
Peptidology
Authors: Wang Shaozhou , Ye Haiyang , Shang Shuyong , Li Zilong , Peng Yue , Zhou Peng
Published: October 2023

Background:

Peptides play crucial roles in diverse cellular functions and participate
in many biological processes by interacting with a variety of proteins, which have
also been exploited as a promising class of therapeutic agents to target druggable proteins
over the past decades. Understanding the intrinsic association between the structure
and affinity of protein-peptide interactions (PpIs) should be considerably valuable for the
computational peptidology area, such as guiding protein-peptide docking calculations, developing
protein-peptide affinity scoring functions, and designing peptide ligands for specific
protein receptors.

Objective:

We attempted to create a data source for relating PpI structure to affinity.

Methods:

By exhaustively surveying the whole protein data bank (PDB) database as well
as the ontologically enriched literature information, we manually curated a structure-
based data set of protein-peptide affinities, PpI[S/A]DS, which assembled over 350
PpI complex samples with both the experimentally measured structure and affinity data.
The data set was further reduced to a nonredundant benchmark consisting of 102 culled
samples, PpI[S/A]BM, which only selected those of structurally reliable, functionally diverse
and evolutionarily nonhomologous.

Results:

The collected structures were resolved at a high-resolution level with either Xray
crystallography or solution NMR, while the deposited affinities were characterized
by dissociation constant, i.e. Kd value, which is a direct biophysical measure of the intermolecular
interaction strength between protein and peptide, ranging from subnanomolar
to millimolar levels. The PpI samples in the set/benchmark were arbitrarily classified into
α-helix, partial α-helix, β-sheet formed through binding, β-strand formed through selffolding,
mixed, and other irregular ones, totally resulting in six classes according to the
secondary structure of their peptide ligands. In addition, we also categorized these PpIs
in terms of their biological function and binding behavior.

Conclusion:

The PpI[S/A]DS set and PpI[S/A]BM benchmark can be considered a valuable
data source in the computational peptidology community, aiming to relate the affinity to
structure for PpIs.
Acne and Current Possible Treatments
Authors: Hussain Yaseen , Khan Haroon
Published: October 2023

Acne vulgaris is one of the most skin diseases related to the sebaceous
gland, characterized by multiple pathogenic factors. The treatment strategies involve
the blockage of these pathological factors. Conventional therapies for the treatment of
Acne vulgaris in controlling its pathological factors are still inadequate in providing
therapeutic effectiveness and exhibit remarkable side effects. New therapeutic agent
development for acne treatment is still stagnant. Recently, researchers have been
focusing and seeking great interest in the treatment of acne through natural products –
as a new therapeutic option. In this regard, multiple natural products have been
evaluated for their potential to treat acne, including berberine, α-mangostin, curcumin,
ampelopsin, fustin, ellagic acid, gallic acid, myricetin, lupeol and many more. These
natural products have been reported as suitable candidates for blocking multiple
pathogenic factors associated with acne. In addition, the nanotechnology-based
delivery of natural products is a new platform and treatment option for Acne vulgaris.
Natural products nano-based delivery resolves many other issues concerned with
natural products apart from treatment aid. Natural products, therefore, pose a precious
source in determining new agents for the treatment of acne. However, reported studies
are preclinical, and to obtain reliable and conclusive results, further clinical studies are
required to uplift natural products from bench top to clinical setup in treating the worst
consequences of Acne vulgaris.
Vitiligo and Treatment Protocols
Authors: Showkat Mehnaz , Bilal Humaira , Bhat Bilquees , Tabassum Nahida
Published: October 2023

Vitiligo is an abiding acquired skin disorder caused by the epidermal
disappearance of pigment cells of localized and general skin mucosa, characterized by
the appearance of symmetrical patches on the skin. The exact cause of this disorder is
unknown, but genetic susceptibility, melanocyte growth factor deficiency,
autoimmunity, and some neurological and environmental factors are believed to play a
triggering role. Although no drugs are completely successful in managing this disorder,
many different approaches, such as topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors,
transplantation, newly emerged phototherapy, or the combination approaches, however,
have shown positive results and have helped to restore skin tone in people with small
areas of depigmentation. The association of the adverse effects such as redness, itching,
burning, pruritis, xerosis cutis, or potential risk of skin cancer and the high treatment
cost with these therapies has necessitated the development of other newer treatment
approaches such as phytotherapy for vitiligo. Also, novel drugs are being developed
that either stimulate the melanocytes, like afamelanotide, or help control or protect the
melanocytes. Many herbal drugs have been reported beneficial in the treatment of
vitiligo, which has been shown to stimulate melanogenesis, proliferation or migration
of melanocytes or have immunomodulatory properties. Further research on herbal
drugs should be extended to develop safe, effective and affordable treatments for
vitiligo.
Skin Ulcers as a Painful Disorder with Limited Therapeutic Protocols
Authors: Suksawat Thongtham , Panichayupakaranant Pharkphoom
Published: October 2023

A skin ulcer is a type of open wound on the skin caused by injury, poor
circulation, pressure, or infection. Specific forms of wounds are described using
distinct terms, such as surgical incision, burn, and laceration. Skin ulcers can be
extremely painful and take a long time to heal. They can become infected and cause
other medical complications if left untreated. Treatment for skin ulcers is determined
on the basis of the ulcer condition as well as the underlying cause. However, there is
still a shortage of effective and safe medications for skin ulcer since current treatment
guidelines for wound management consists only of wound dressing, antibiotics, and
pain control. Wound healing and anti-inflammatory agents used for treating skin ulcers
are quite limited. Recent revelations about natural compounds and their multifunctional
pharmacological attributes, especially those with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial,
antioxidant and wound-healing activities, have been very encouraging for therapeutic
skin ulcer development. Various phytochemicals, such as curcuminoids, flavonoids,
xanthones, polyphenolic compounds, saponins, and terpenoids, were reportedly used as
alternative agents for the treatment of skin ulcers. This chapter describes skin ulcers,
their pathophysiology, as well as current therapeutic protocols. In addition, some
selected phytochemicals and herbal extracts with strong prospects as well as their
commercially available products for the treatment of skin ulcers, are highlighted.
Medicinal Plants: A Future of Modern Medical System
Authors: Singh Aakansha , Kumar Anjani
Published: October 2023

Humans, since their evolution, have always been in close contact with
mother nature. Early life has been dependent solely on environmental resources for
their livelihood. The trial-and-error approach in utilizing different resources came up
with incorporating plants as a whole or their parts for food and survival. Gradually, the
knowledge of medicinal plants was gained by our ancestors, and there started the
Indian medical history of Ayurveda. In the current scenario, a huge number of
medicinal herbs are being consumed in day-to-day life, which imparts tremendous
benefits to human health. Our interest in gaining knowledge of medicinal components
present in these herbs has led to many important discoveries in the area of drug
development. Nowadays, numerous plants derived compounds are being used in
modern medicines. In view of utilizing these natural resources efficiently, we need to
understand their components in a better way. This chapter is towards gaining a deeper
knowledge about medicinal plants, their role in different diseases, and insights into
drug discovery.
Shikonin, a Naphthaquinone of Commercial Importance: its Biosynthesis and Prospect for Use as Drugs
Authors: Singh Ravi S. , Kumar Sanjay
Published: October 2023

Shikonin is a red naphthaquinone pigment present in the roots of plants of
the Boraginaceae family. This pigment is an as active ingredient in several
pharmaceutical and cosmetics preparations, and as a dye for fabrics and food items. It
shows many bioactivities such as stimulation of peroxidase, protection against UV-radiation, inhibition of microsomal monooxygenase and induction and secretion of
nerve growth factor. In this book chapter, we have provided detailed information on its
biosynthesis and prospects for pharmaceutical use.
Klausula Boiler Plate dalam Pembuatan Kontrak Dagang Internasional
Authors: Widhiyanti Hanif Nur
Published: October 2023

In an international trade contract, the parties are bound by different legal provisions, different languages and also different customs and cultures. This condition creates a big risk in implementing the substance of the contract. To anticipate this risk, there are several steps that can be taken by the parties in terms of arranging and creating the contents of their contracts. This article will discuss the part of the contract that is often regulated in international trade contracts, called the boiler plate clause. This article is the result of normative research, both related to national legal norms, namely the Civil Code, Uniform law and examples of international trade contracts. A contract is a mechanism for expressing all the wishes of the parties agreed to by other parties. In current developments, contract clauses are no longer just the essentials of the agreement. There are other clauses which have the function of further clarifying how the contract must be interpreted and as an effort to cover all opportunities for contract failure, including what are called boilerplate clauses. In the practice of making international trade contracts, there are several substances that need to be regulated in boilerplate clauses, including choice of law provisions, choice of forum provisions, language provisions, severability provisions, integration provisions, notices provisions, force majeure provisions, duration of contract provisions, obligation after termination provision.
Analisis Yuridis Asas Keseimbangan dalam Klausula Baku Aplikasi Shopee
Authors: Sambas Olivia Nabila , Wicaksono Setiawan , Nurhayati Prawatya Ido
Published: October 2023

This research aims to find out the standard clauses in the Shopee application service conditions that fulfill the principle of balance in contract law. The principle of balance requires that the parties to an agreement have an equal position in having rights and carrying out obligations. However, in practice, especially the inclusion of standard clauses implemented between Shopee and traders does not fulfill the principle of balance. This is due to the unequal position between Shopee and traders where Shopee has an economic advantage which is marked by Shopee's existence as one of the largest marketplaces in Indonesia and the most sought after by traders to offer their products. On the other hand, traders are positioned as weak parties in the agreement because the take it or leave it principle applies. The clause that attracts the author's attention is the clause that states the user's submission to any additional rules that apply in the future and are determined unilaterally by Shopee. One example is Shopee's action of automatically including merchants in the Free Shipping program, where the included merchants do not necessarily want to take part in the program because there are other costs that must be incurred. These unilateral decisions then bring various material losses to traders. This type of research is normative juridical using a statutory approach method by means of literature study to collect information regarding standard clauses and the principle of balance. The data analysis used by the author is a systematic interpretation carried out by interpreting the law as a unified system. Based on the results of this research, it can be seen that the standard clauses in Shopee's terms of service do not fulfill the principle of balance both in terms of forming and implementing the agreement.
Pergulatan Mazhab Hukum dalam Pengadaan Tanah Milik Masyarakat Adat untuk Kepentingan Umum
Authors: Tejomurti Kukuh , Amiruddin Denie , Sasongko Andi , Sukadi Imam
Published: October 2023

In the discourse on land acquisition for development in the public interest, problems often arise regarding the amount of compensation to land rights holders. The problem becomes even more widespread when the land acquired intersects with and originates from customary land. This article aims to provide an elaboration of thoughts from a philosophical perspective on law and justice, especially on positive legal formalism in the implementation of land acquisition belonging to customary law communities in Indonesia. The research used in this article is normative legal research using a legislative approach, a conceptual approach and a case approach. The legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary materials which are connected with schools of legal philosophy, such as the Natural Law School, Legal Positivism, and the Historical School. The research results show that the sharp gap between the legal positivism school and the historical legal school lies in the sources and forms of law. If legal positivism prioritizes formal forms and the authoritative institutions that create them, then the historical legal school states that laws are not made but are found in society. Sociological Jurisprudence describes a "middle way" to bridge the flow of historical law in traditional law communities whose existence is respected in the formation of law to provide just legal certainty. In the context of Indonesia, which has a civil law tradition, we can consider the formation of legislation as an important component for the social engineering process. Therefore, laws and regulations related to land acquisition should involve indigenous communities in the formation process because most of Indonesia's territory is still customary territory/land in the form of fields, forests, and so on.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja atas Upah yang Terlambat Dibayarkan: Tinjauan Hukum atas Penerapan Teori Keadilan
Authors: Wulandari Andi Sri Rezky , Dewi Mira Nila Kusuma , Rahmah Andi
Published: October 2023

Wages have always been an issue that creates confusion between workers and employers as employers, which will continue to be a long-lasting problem if not handled properly. It is hoped that legal arrangements will be formed that will at least reduce the unequal interests between the two which gradually give rise to disharmony. Throughout labor history, the payment of workers' wages, which is a worker's right, has always given rise to problems, even though wages are the basis for meeting the needs of life and family. The purpose of this writing is to analyze and examine legal protection for workers for late payment of wages based on John Rawls's Theory of Justice. The research used is normative legal research with a statutory regulation approach and a case approach. The legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results of this research show that work agreements protect workers against late payment of wages. The legal implications of workers' wages being paid late are (1) giving rise to industrial relations disputes; (2) The principle of justice is not realized in employment relations; (3) Injuring workers' welfare. Meanwhile, preventive efforts that must be taken to prevent workers' wages from being paid late are through optimizing the guidance and supervision of the implementation of harmonious employment relations with statutory regulations.
Urgensi Analisis Kelayakan Sebagai Mitigasi Risiko dalam Menjaga Tingkat Kesehatan Penyelenggara LPMUBTI
Authors: Lestari Meidiana Indah , Dewantara Reka , Ganindha Ranitya
Published: October 2023

Fintech Peer to Peer Lending or Information Technology Based Money Lending and Borrowing Service (LPMUBTI) which brings together loan recipients (borrowers) with lenders (lenders) directly through a provider platform, apart from providing convenience for the public, can also provide risks, especially the risk of default, so it is needed mitigating risks in the event of payment default. In the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016, it regulates risk mitigation obligations that must be carried out by administrators, but there are no specific risk mitigation aspects. There are no risk mitigation arrangements in the form of loan recipient eligibility analysis. Until now, standards regarding analysis have not been set. eligibility of loan recipients in LPMUBTI. Referring to the problem formulation and objectives of this research, the author uses three types of approaches, including, namely, the statutory approach, the analytical approach, and the conceptual approach. The legal materials used in this research are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials obtained by researchers and then analyzed using descriptive techniques and evaluation techniques. From the results of the review according to the problem definition and techniques described above, LPMUBTI organizers can minimize payment defaults that occur in order to provide protection for lenders who have funds and maintain the health level of LPMUBTI organizers. The conceptualization of the loan recipient eligibility analysis arrangements refers to POJK Number 42/POJK.03/2017 which regulates debtor eligibility analysis in banks, in this case the bank and LPMUBTI have the same risk of default, money lending and borrowing system, the object of money as an agreement and function. intermediation.