bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulatory Infrared Spectroscopic Method for the Rapid Determination of Total Isolated Trans Fat: A Collaborative Study
Authors: Mossoba M. M. , Seiler A. , Steinhart H. , Kramer J. K. G. , Rodrigues‐Saona L. , Griffith A. P. , Pierceall R. , van de Voort F. R. , Sedman J. , Ismail A. A. , Barr D. , Da Costa Filho P. A. , Li H. , Zhang Y. , Liu X. , Bradley M.
Published: August 2010

Using attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy, collaborating scientists in ten different laboratories measured (in duplicate) the total trans fat content of ten fat or oil test samples, two of which were blind duplicates. The procedure used entailed measuring the height of the negative second derivative of the IR absorption band at 966 cm−1. This absorption is attributed to the C–H deformation vibration that is characteristic of isolated (non‐conjugated) double bonds with the trans configuration. The precision of ATR‐FTIR results in this international collaborative study was satisfactory and led to the approval of this validated procedure as official method AOCS Cd 14e‐09 in late 2009. This official method is also suitable for analysis of total isolated trans fat and oil products containing, or supplemented with, trans conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers. Although this method does not require derivatization of the oil or fat test materials, as required for GC, fats and oils in foods must be extracted with organic solvents before analysis. This method is also rapid (5 min) and does not require any weighing or quantitative dilution of unknown neat fat or oil test samples in any solvent. The AOCS Cd 14e‐09 method is suitable for determination of test samples with zero trans fat, which is defined according to the US labeling regulations as 0.5 g trans fat per serving or 1.8% trans fat, as a percentage of total fat.
Archytas of Tarentum
Authors: Huffman Carl
Published: August 2010

Archytas of Tarentum is one of the three most important philosophers in the Pythagorean tradition, a prominent mathematician, who gave the first solution to the famous problem of doubling the cube, an important music theorist, and the leader of a powerful Greek city-state. He is famous for sending a trireme to rescue Plato from the clutches of the tyrant of Syracuse, Dionysius II, in 361 BC. This 2005 study was the first extensive enquiry into Archytas' work in any language. It contains original texts, English translations and a commentary for all the fragments of his writings and for all testimonia concerning his life and work. In addition there are introductory essays on Archytas' life and writings, his philosophy, and the question of authenticity. Carl A. Huffman presents an interpretation of Archytas' significance both for the Pythagorean tradition and also for fourth-century Greek thought, including the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle.
What's Wrong with the Liberal Party?
Authors: Barns Greg
Published: August 2010

Federally the fortunes of the Australian Liberal Party have rarely been higher, yet times remain uncertain for the party, and questions about its future remain: How much more division about its economic and social direction can it sustain? What changes has it made to stop the Democrats and One Nation stealing its voters? How can a party associated with the 'big end' of town hope to keep the trust of the 'battlers'? How is the old dogma of the party coping with the new challenges of globalisation and terrorism? Why are the Liberals so obsessed with Paul Keating? Greg Barns is a former Liberal, and the only member apart from Pauline Hanson to be disendorsed by the party before an election. Drawing upon his insider's knowledge and his outsider's freedom to consider the issues objectively, Greg Barns exposes the major challenges facing the party today.
The Provincial Book Trade in Eighteenth-Century England
Authors: Feather John
Published: August 2010

It was not until the eighteenth century that books became widely available throughout the whole of England. Publishing remained largely London-based, but the provincial market grew steadily in importance. In this study, drawing on a wide range of primary sources, John Feather traces the economic, social and cultural forces which made possible this fundamental change, and assesses the impact of the metropolitan printed word on provincial society. He discusses the important issues of copyright and piracy; the various financial arrangements between booksellers and publishers; and above all the elaborate distribution and agency systems that enabled London publishers to retain their effective stranglehold by penetrating the provincial market at every level.
Isaiah XXI
Authors: MacIntosh A. A.
Published: August 2010

One of the most obscure passages in the book of Isaiah, chapter 21 contains oracles concerning foreign nations. The author deals in depth with the textual and linguistic problems presented by the text; he also considers the historical background of the prophecy, the literary forms concerned and the traditions of interpretation in ancient medieval and modern times. In studying these traditions, Mr Macintosh makes extensive use of medieval Jewish commentators whose work is not generally available in English.
King James VI and I and the Reunion of Christendom
Authors: Patterson W. B.
Published: August 2010

This book shows King James VI and I, king of Scotland and England, in an unaccustomed light. Long regarded as inept, pedantic, and whimsical, James is shown here as an astute and far-sighted statesman whose reign was focused on achieving a permanent union between his two kingdoms and a peaceful and stable community of nations throughout Europe.
Philosophy, Religion and the Spiritual Life
Authors: McGhee Michael
Published: August 2010

An alternative agenda for the philosophy of religion emerges from this interdisciplinary collection. Going outside the traditional concerns of natural theology, the distinguished contributors to this volume explore such topics as the nature of selfhood and its images in the ancient, the medieval and the modern world; the role of philosophy as a route to wisdom; non-conceptual awareness; and the nature of love and its relation to attention. Discussion focuses on the figures of Plato and Augustine, William James and the Absolute Idealist F. H. Bradley, Kierkegaard and Heidegger, as well as leading figures of the Tibetan Buddhist tradition.
Religion and Philosophy
Authors: Warner Martin
Published: August 2010

In this lively collection ten philosophers tackle the notoriously elusive issues raised by religious discourse in a series of linked debates. The debates focus on reason and faith; the logic of mysticism; the meaning of the word 'God'; language, biblical interpretation and worship; and religion and ethics. Through contemporary philosophical analysis it is possible to shed new light on teh status and language of religion, and in many ways the contributors to Religion and Philosophy break new ground in this perennially controversial field. The collection is addressed to philosophers, theologians and anyone with a general intellectual interest in religion. Certainly it will be a valuable addition to the reading list of all teachers or students of the philosophy of religion.
Industrial Ecology and Global Change
Authors: Moomaw William R.
Published: August 2010

How can the Earth become fully industrialised without overwhelming natural systems? This is a book for those who wish to participate more effectively in today's attempts to implement appropriate strategies. The reader will more deeply understand:
• recycling - after learning what happens to lead and cadmium in consumer products;
• solar energy - after exploring a future based on biomass energy;
• chemicals in agriculture - after being introduced to ecotoxicology and the global nitrogen cycle;
• industrial innovation - after reading eye-witness accounts of new design principles and management practices on the shop floor;
• international cooperation - after confronting conflicting perspectives of authors from several countries.
The goal is to empower the citizen activist, the scholar looking for new challenges, the business leader determined to move beyond slogans in achieving the greening of industry, and the educated person everywhere who finds these issues too important to be left to others.
Dialectic of Defeat
Authors: Jacoby Russell
Published: August 2010

Observing that for both revolutionaries and capitalists, nothing succeeds like success, Russell Jacoby asks us to reexamine a loser of Marxism: the unorthodox Marxism of Western Europe. The author begins with a polemical attack on 'conformist' or orthodox Marxism, in which he includes structuralist schools. He argues that a cult of success and science drained this Marxism of its critical impulse and that the successes of the Russian and Chinese revolutions encouraged a mechanical and fruitless mimicry. He then turns to a Western alternative that neither succumbed to the spell of success nor obliterated the individual in the name of science. In the nineteenth century, this Western Marxism already diverged from Russian Marxism in its interpretation of Hegel and its evaluation of Engels' orthodox Marxism. The author follows the evolution of this minority tradition and its opposition to authoritarian forms of political theory and practice.
Nervous System
Authors: Vogel Hannes
Published: August 2010

Nervous System is the new atlas-oriented resource in central nervous system pathology. As the fourth book in the Cambridge Illustrated Surgical Pathology series it is the most comprehensive text of methods utilized by pathologists to accurately diagnose diseases affecting the brain, meninges, and spinal cord. The book is a richly illustrated guide to surgical neuropathology, including all primary brain tumors as well as others arising near the nervous system that are also within the scope of neurosurgical practice. Numerous neuroimaging examples are provided to underscore the importance of knowing the basics of radiographic studies in accurately diagnosing CNS pathology. A complete spectrum of nonneoplastic neuropathological entities is also illustrated, including infectious, inflammatory, and epilepsy-related neuropathology. Additional chapters address intraoperative consultation and frozen sections, as well as CSF cytopathology.
Naples in the Time of Cholera, 1884–1911
Authors: Snowden Frank M.
Published: August 2010

This 1995 book is a medical and social history of Italy's largest city during the cholera epidemics of 1884 and 1910–11. It explores the factors that exposed Naples to risk; it examines such popular responses as social hysteria, riots and religiosity; and it traces therapeutic strategies. Cholera also became a metaphor for discontent with the regime: the 1884 outbreak was a national issue which led to the rebuilding of the city amidst widespread corruption. The book sets Naples in a comparative international framework; the disease is also related to larger historical issues, such as the nature of liberal statecraft, the 'Southern Question', mass emigration, organised crime, urban renewal, and the medical profession.
From Bondage to Contract
Authors: Stanley Amy Dru
Published: August 2010

In the era of slave emancipation no ideal of freedom had greater power than that of contract. The antislavery claim was that the negation of chattel status lay in the contracts of wage labor and marriage. Signifying self-ownership, volition, and reciprocal exchange among formally equal individuals, contract became the dominant metaphor for social relations and the very symbol of freedom. This 1999 book explores how a generation of American thinkers and reformers - abolitionists, former slaves, feminists, labor advocates, jurists, moralists, and social scientists - drew on contract to condemn the evils of chattel slavery as well as to measure the virtues of free society. Their arguments over the meaning of slavery and freedom were grounded in changing circumstances of labor and home life on both sides of the Mason-Dixon line. At the heart of these arguments lay the problem of defining which realms of self and social existence could be rendered market commodities and which could not.
Radicalism and Education Reform in 20th-Century China
Authors: Pepper Suzanne
Published: August 2010

In 1976, China's 'education revolution' was being hailed by foreign observers as an inspiration for all low-income countries. By 1980, the Chinese themselves had disavowed the experience, declaring it devoid of even a single redeeming virtue. This is the first comprehensive book to cover the whole sweep of twentieth-century Chinese education, and to provide a detailed study of what occurred in the countryside under the radical Maoist education experiments during the Cultural Revolution. The study of both pre- and post-1949 China provided the crucial historical perspective to distinguish continuities from innovations. Rather than the epitome of good or evil, China's educational experiences of the 1970s instead emerged as the most tumultuous episode in a long and contentious struggle to adapt Western ways for use in a non-Western society.
Advanced Amateur Astronomy
Authors: North Gerald
Published: August 2010

This book, first published in 1997, is for amateur astronomers and telescope users who want to move beyond elementary stargazing to more challenging projects. Written by an accomplished amateur astronomer, this indispensable guide to more advanced work is packed with information and lucid explanations. The first section of the book sets out the fundamental principles of practical astronomy, with chapters on telescope optics, the atmosphere, telescope hardware, astrophotography and electronic imaging. This knowledge is then applied to the full range of celestial bodies accessible by telescope: the solar system, stars and galaxies. For those users who want to move to even greater challenges, chapters on photometry, spectroscopy and radio astronomy bring observational astronomy to a level where data of real scientific value can be acquired.
Critical Tax Theory
Authors: Crawford Bridget J.
Published: August 2010

Tax law is political. This book highlights and explains the major themes and methodologies of a group of scholars who challenge the traditional claim that tax law is neutral and unbiased. The contributors to this volume include pioneers in the field of critical tax theory, as well as key thinkers who have sustained and expanded the investigation into why the tax laws are the way they are and what impacts tax laws have on historically disempowered groups. This volume, assembled by two law professors who work in the field, is an accessible introduction to this new and growing body of scholarship. It is a resource not only for scholars and students in the fields of taxation and economics, but also for those who engage with critical race theory, feminist legal theory, queer theory, class-based analysis, and social justice generally. Tax is the one area of law that affects everyone in our society, and this book is crucial to understanding its impact.
Quantum Cryptography and Secret-Key Distillation
Authors: Assche Gilles van
Published: August 2010

Quantum cryptography (or quantum key distribution) is a state-of-the-art technique that exploits properties of quantum mechanics to guarantee the secure exchange of secret keys. This 2006 text introduces the principles and techniques of quantum cryptography, setting it in the wider context of cryptography and security, with specific focus on secret-key distillation. The book starts with an overview chapter, progressing to classical cryptography, information theory (classical and quantum), and applications of quantum cryptography. The discussion moves to secret-key distillation, privacy amplification and reconciliation techniques, concluding with the security principles of quantum cryptography. The author explains the physical implementation and security of these systems, enabling engineers to gauge the suitability of quantum cryptography for securing transmission in their particular application. With its blend of fundamental theory, implementation techniques, and details of recent protocols, this book will be of interest to graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in electrical engineering, physics, and computer science.
A First Course in Fourier Analysis
Authors: Kammler David W.
Published: August 2010

This book provides a meaningful resource for applied mathematics through Fourier analysis. It develops a unified theory of discrete and continuous (univariate) Fourier analysis, the fast Fourier transform, and a powerful elementary theory of generalized functions and shows how these mathematical ideas can be used to study sampling theory, PDEs, probability, diffraction, musical tones, and wavelets. The book contains an unusually complete presentation of the Fourier transform calculus. It uses concepts from calculus to present an elementary theory of generalized functions. FT calculus and generalized functions are then used to study the wave equation, diffusion equation, and diffraction equation. Real-world applications of Fourier analysis are described in the chapter on musical tones. A valuable reference on Fourier analysis for a variety of students and scientific professionals, including mathematicians, physicists, chemists, geologists, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, and others.
Religious Inventions
Authors: Charlesworth Max
Published: August 2010

Many scholars assume that all genuine religions are basically similar and that it is possible to define the sphere of religion in terms of the 'sacred' or the 'holy'. In this 1997 book, Max Charlesworth argues that we must take the diversity of religions as a primary fact. Any religion is an active response to a revelation of the divine, and human beings receive these revelations, interpret them and develop them in a variety of ways. To illustrate his thesis, he considers a number of examples of the 'invention' of religion, ranging from Australian Aboriginal religions to the Rhineland mystical movement associated with Meister Eckhart in the early fourteenth century, from the seventeenth-century sects like the Muggletonians, to Roman Catholic attempts in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to construct a theological account of doctrinal development and also to formulate a Christian ethic.
The First Industrial Revolution
Authors: Deane P. M.
Published: August 2010

This book identifies the strategic changes in economic organisation, industrial structure and technological progress associated with the industrial revolution, which took place in Britain over the century 1750–1850 and which marked a watershed in world economic development - the beginnings of modern economic growth for developed countries and an example of spontaneous industrialisation for third world countries. The book assesses both starting point and achievement, analyses the substance of economic transformation and evaluates the role of government policy and institutional change in retarding or accelerating economic development. The second edition updates and expands the first by taking into account (and giving bibliographical references for) major topical knowledge and ideas. This work has proved a successful textbook for sixth form students as well as undergraduate students in faculties of economics, history, geography or social science generally. It is, however, sufficiently nontechnical to be intelligible to a general reader interested in putting problems of economic development into historical perspective.
An Introduction to Gauge Theories and Modern Particle Physics
Authors: Leader Elliot , Predazzi Enrico
Published: August 2010

This work presents, in two volumes, a comprehensive and unified treatment of modern theoretical and experimental particle physics at a level accessible to beginning research students. The emphasis throughout is on presenting underlying physical principles in a simple and intuitive way, and the more sophisticated methods demanded by present day research interests are introduced in a very gradual and gentle fashion. Volume 1 covers electroweak interactions, the discovery and properties of the 'new' particles, the discovery of partons and the construction and predictions of the simple parton model. Volume 2 deals at some length with CP-violation, but is mainly devoted to QCD and its application to 'hard' processes. A brief coverage of 'soft' hadronic physics is included. This work will provide a comprehensive reference and textbook for all graduate students and researchers interested in modern particle physics.
The Letters of Thomas Babington MacAulay
Authors: MacAulay Thomas
Published: August 2010

Some of Macaulay's letters were printed in nineteenth-century memoirs, but a 'Complete Letters' of this eminent Victorian has long been needed. Professor Pinney is editing the whole body of surviving letters by Macaulay, giving accurate texts and textual and explanatory notes. The letters are in chronological order, grouped by historical theme and phases of Macaulay's life. The first two volumes deal with his childhood, career at Cambridge, early legal career and early political career, and end with him about to leave for India. The letters are lively because Macaulay (as lawyer, essayist, historian, politician, administrator, poet) was a man of enormous energy and very wide interests. They will add greatly to our sense of early Victorian political and cultural life as well as to our understanding of Macaulay himself.
The Hemopoietic Colony-stimulating Factors
Authors: Metcalf Donald , Nicola Nicos Anthony
Published: August 2010

The colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are the major regulators in the body of the production and activity of two types of white blood cells - granulocytes and macrophages. This book provides a detailed account of the discovery of the CSFs, their structure, molecular biology and cellular receptors, the biology of the CSFs in vivo and in vitro and their present and future clinical applications. Written by two of the pioneers in the discovery of CSFs, it is a clear and well-illustrated survey of the history, knowledge and future directions of this exciting field of investigation, and serves also as a guide to the more general areas of growth factor and cytokine research. It will prove an invaluable review for cell biologists interested in how growth factors act on the body, as well as for clinicians applying the fruits of modern biotechnology to improved patient care.
The Democratic Dilemma
Authors: Roth Randolph A.
Published: August 2010

The Democratic Dilemma seeks to explain Vermonters' extraordinary faith and idealism. It argues that Vermonters, as the most radical democrats of the Age of Revolution and conservators of New England's traditions, faced a dilemma: how to reconcile their commitment to competition, toleration, and popular sovereignty with their desire to defend an orderly and pious way of life. By embedding democratic ideals in their institutions and their society. Denominations and political parties clashed, townspeople and church members proved ungovernable, and young people grew wayward and rebellious. An economic and demographic crisis in the 1830s and 1840s compounded these problems by denying many inhabitants what they wanted most independent shops and farms for themselves and their descendants. None of these problems could he solved without restraining spiritual, political, and economic freedom and compromising the principles of Vermont's revolution.
Group Dynamics in the Language Classroom
Authors: Dörnyei Zoltán , Murphey Tim
Published: August 2010

The study of 'group dynamics' is a vibrant academic field, overlapping diverse disciplines. It is also highly relevant to language education because the success of classroom learning is very much dependent on how students relate to each other, what the classroom climate is like, what roles the teacher and the learners play and, more generally, how well students can co-operate and communicate with each other. This innovative book addresses these issues and offers practical advice on how to manage language learner groups in a way that they develop into cohesive and productive teams.
Practical Digital Wireless Signals
Authors: McCune Earl
Published: August 2010

Do you need to know what signal type to select for a wireless application? Quickly develop a useful expertise in digital modulation with this practical guide, based on the author's experience of over 30 years in industrial design. You will understand the physical meaning behind the mathematics of wireless signals and learn the intricacies and tradeoffs in signal selection and design. Six modulation families and 12 modulation types are covered in depth, together with a quantitative ranking of relative cost incurred to implement any of 12 modulation types. Extensive discussions of the Shannon Limit, Nyquist filtering, efficiency measures and signal-to-noise measures are provided, radio wave propagation and antennas, multiple access techniques, and signal coding principles are all covered, and spread spectrum and wireless system operation requirements are presented.
Perspectives on Human Development, Family, and Culture
Authors: Brewster Smith M.
Published: August 2010

Çiğdem Kağitçibaşi has long been at the forefront of research in developmental and cultural psychology, and is one of the world's most highly respected cross-cultural psychologists. This collection of essays has been produced in honor of Professor Kağitçibaşi's retirement and to commemorate her contribution to the field. The volume examines social, developmental, and cultural psychology and intervention policies. A select group of international expert scholars explore those aspects of human behavior that are observed in all cultures, as well as those that are unique to each. They also examine changes in the family across socio-cultural contexts and generations in order to understand the factors precipitating these changes. Representing developments in theory and research in the field, this volume that will appeal to researchers and students of developmental and cross-cultural psychology across the world.
Ordered Permutation Groups
Authors: Glass A. M. W.
Published: August 2010

As a result of the work of the nineteenth-century mathematician Arthur Cayley, algebraists and geometers have extensively studied permutation of sets. In the special case that the underlying set is linearly ordered, there is a natural subgroup to study, namely the set of permutations that preserves that order. In some senses. these are universal for automorphisms of models of theories. The purpose of this book is to make a thorough, comprehensive examination of these groups of permutations. After providing the initial background Professor Glass develops the general structure theory, emphasizing throughout the geometric and intuitive aspects of the subject. He includes many applications to infinite simple groups, ordered permutation groups and lattice-ordered groups. The streamlined approach will enable the beginning graduate student to reach the frontiers of the subject smoothly and quickly. Indeed much of the material included has never been available in book form before, so this account should also be useful as a reference work for professionals.
Exact and Approximate Controllability for Distributed Parameter Systems
Authors: Glowinski Roland , Lions Jacques-Louis , He Jiwen
Published: August 2010

The behaviour of systems occurring in real life is often modelled by partial differential equations. This book investigates how a user or observer can influence the behaviour of such systems mathematically and computationally. A thorough mathematical analysis of controllability problems is combined with a detailed investigation of methods used to solve them numerically, these methods being validated by the results of numerical experiments. In Part I of the book the authors discuss the mathematics and numerics relating to the controllability of systems modelled by linear and non-linear diffusion equations; Part II is dedicated to the controllability of vibrating systems, typical ones being those modelled by linear wave equations; finally, Part III covers flow control for systems governed by the Navier-Stokes equations modelling incompressible viscous flow. The book is accessible to graduate students in applied and computational mathematics, engineering and physics; it will also be of use to more advanced practitioners.
Speaking about Science
Authors: Morgan Scott , Whitener Barrett
Published: August 2010

A practical manual aimed at graduate students, junior researchers, nervous professionals, or clinicians who are preparing to present talks at meetings and academic conferences. This is an important career skill for anyone in the sciences, and the book features step-by-step instruction for creating clear and compelling presentations - from structuring a talk and developing effective Powerpoint slides, through delivery before an audience. Includes color examples of slides and posters from actual presentations, and field-tested methods for success behind the podium. Also contains tips on answering questions and strategies for handling media and job interviews. The authors are professional public speakers who teach presentation skills to scientists and medical researchers at the National Institutes of Health and in the private sector.
The Legacy of the French Revolutionary Wars
Authors: Forrest Alan
Published: August 2010

A major contribution to the study of collective identity and memory in France, this book examines a French republican myth: the belief that the nation can be adequately defended only by its own citizens, in the manner of the French revolutionaries of 1793. Alan Forrest examines the image of the citizen army reflected in political speeches, school textbooks, art and literature across the nineteenth century. He reveals that the image appealed to notions of equality and social justice, and with time it expanded to incorporate Napoleon's victorious legions, the partisans who repelled the German invader in 1814 and the people of Paris who rose in arms to defend the Republic in 1870. More recently it has risked being marginalized by military technology and by the realities of colonial warfare, but its influence can still be seen in the propaganda of the Great War and of the French Resistance under Vichy.
Nuclear Power and Non-Proliferation
Authors: Brenner Michael J.
Published: August 2010

In this volume, Professor Brenner recounts how the United States dealt with the problem of nuclear proliferation in the period from 1974 to 1981 when this book was first published. The year 1974 is critical because of three highly coincidental events: India's explosion of a bomb; an upsurge in the demand for nuclear energy triggered by the oil crisis; and the commercialisation of fuel-producing technologies that could be used for weapons purposes. Nuclear Power and Non-Proliferation is at once a narrative account of how nuclear policy was made at the highest levels of the American government and a critical assessment of those policies. Professor Brenner places the chronicle of how policy is shaped within the context of interagency and legislative politics, as well as within the larger context of international conflicts concerning access to and control of nuclear power. The author locates the proliferation problem historically, emphasising the dual personality of atomic power and noting the tendency of military and civilian programmes to diverge steadily until the events of 1974 forced an attempt to bring them into single focus.
East-West Financial Relations
Authors: Zloch-Christy Iliana
Published: August 2010

In this book, Iliana Zloch-Christy analyses the problems of Eastern Europe's convertible currency external debt situation and its impact on the financing of East-West trade in the late 1980s and early 1990s. This book, published in 1991, is a continuation of Dr Zloch Christy's Debt Problems of Eastern Europe (1987) and is the first study of the complexities of East-West trade and finance in this period. The author addresses four main issues. First, she examines market-oriented reforms in Eastern Europe's economic system and the changes that took place in East-West political relations. Dr Zloch-Christy then assesses whether convertible currency debt problems are an inherent part of the economic development of Eastern Europe, and if the problems are region-wide, and she discusses the strategies adopted to deal with them. She continues by exploring the extent to which the problems which arose from indebtedness affected the financing of East-West trade. Finally, the author assesses medium- and long-term debt prospects at this time, both for Eastern Europe as a whole and for each country within the CMEA.
Statistics and Econometric Models
Authors: Gourieroux Christian , Monfort Alain
Published: August 2010

This two-volume work aims to present as completely as possible the methods of statistical inference with special reference to their economic applications. The reader will find a description not only of the classical concepts and results of mathematical statistics, but also of concepts and methods recently developed for the specific needs of econometrics. The authors have sought to avoid an overly technical presentation and go to some lengths to encourage an intuitive understanding of the results by providing numerous examples throughout. The breadth of approaches and the extensive coverage of the two volumes provide for a thorough and entirely self-contained course in modern econometrics. Volume 1 provides an introduction to general concepts and methods in statistics and econometrics, and goes on to cover estimation and prediction. Volume 2 focuses on testing, confidence regions, model selection, and asymptotic theory.
Settlement and Social Organization
Authors: Halsall Guy
Published: August 2010

This book examines one region of north-eastern Gaul around Metz in the period between the end of the Roman Empire and the accession of Charlemagne. It adopts a new, multi-disciplinary approach using all available evidence, both documentary and archaeological. It deals with a broad range of historical themes, and, by looking at the reasons behind the creation of different forms of evidence, it examines how the different facets of social organisation (ethnicity, gender, age and social hierarchy) were related intimately to each other and to contemporary settlement patterns of the region. As a result, it is argued that the Merovingian period was not one of slow 'transformation' from 'Roman' to 'medieval' but was one of constant, dynamic social change and diversity even between the recognised periods of dramatic upheaval.
Muslim Tradition
Authors: Juynboll G. H. A.
Published: August 2010

In Muslim Tradition G. H. A. Juynboll undertakes a broad-ranging review of the closely linked questions of date, authorship and origin of hadiths, i.e. the traditions of the prophet. Hadiths, which record the sayings and deeds of the prophet Muhammad, are central to Islamic teaching and beliefs and command a respect in the Islamic world second only to the Qur'an. The question of when, how and where particular hadiths came into existence is basic to the understanding of the formative period of Islam. This statement of a sceptical position, which can be visualized as located between, on the one hand, the orthodox Muslim view and, on the other, that of Western scholars, uses all the rich material available and explores the possibilities it opens up. The book faces major issues and reaches conclusions which may provide a basis for future debate in which, it is hoped, both Muslim and Western scholars will participate.
Filamentous Fungi
Authors: Jong S. C. , Pitt J. I. , Samson R. A. , Tubaki K.
Published: August 2010

This volume is an international compilation for biotechnologists of data on the location and use of filamentous fungi. The volume provides details of the location and scope of major culture collections around the world holding fungi; information on how to access their data, administration and safety, identification, culture and media recipes, preservation, patents, specialist services and international organization. The authors are international authorities who have combined with the resource centres to provide a source book for mycologists in industry, research establishments and universities.
Local Environmental Struggles
Authors: Gould Kenneth A. , Schnaiberg Allan , Weinberg Adam S.
Published: August 2010

In recent years, environmentalism in the US has increasingly emerged at the community level, focusing on local ecological problems. Correspondingly, the American environmental movement has exhorted its supporters to 'think globally' but 'act locally'. The authors examine this modern environmental mantra by analysing the opportunities and constraints on local environmental action posed by economic and political structures at all levels. The difficulties involved in local activism are explored in three case studies - a wetlands protection project, water pollution of the Great Lakes, and consumer waste recycling. The final chapter then reflects on the challenges facing citizen-worker movements in each case study, and concludes that, despite the inherent difficulties, any successful attempt at mobilisation must have a local component.
The Transition from Infancy to Language
Authors: Bloom Lois
Published: August 2010

In this important volume, Lois Bloom brings together the theoretical and empirical work she has carried out on early lexical development. Its focus is on the expressive power children acquire as they begin to talk and, in particular, on contributions from cognitive development, affect expression, and the social context for making the transition from prelinguistic expression to the expression of contents of mind. The first half of the book reviews the developments in infancy that enable the emergence of language and presents the theoretical perspective required for an understanding of the longitudinal study described in the second half. The book's main thesis is that language is acquired for expressing contents of mind and that its usefulness as a 'tool' is of only secondary importance. The Transition from Infancy to Language makes a major contribution to our knowledge of early lexical development, providing a persuasive theoretical model for researchers and students.
The Phenomenology of Everyday Life
Authors: Pollio Howard R. , Henley Tracy B. , Thompson Craig J.
Published: August 2010

The Phenomenology of Everyday Life presents results from a rigorous qualitative approach to the psychological study of everyday human activities and experiences. This book does not replace scientific observation with humanistic analysis, but provides an additional perspective on significant human questions. The qualitative approach this book employs is grounded in the philosophical traditions of existentialism and phenomenology, which use dialogue as their major method of inquiry. These traditions are especially well adapted to encompass and describe human events and activities. In addition, such events can be properly investigated only on the basis of a method sensitive enough to articulate the nuances of human experience and reflection. In this latter regard, it is important to note that insights deriving from literature and the humanities are equally revealing of the human world as those from experimental psychology, biology or medicine.
Unions and Politics in Mexico
Authors: Roxborough Ian
Published: August 2010

The orthodox view of Mexican history asserts that the political stability and rapid economic growth of the post-war period were due inter alia to state control over the labour movement. On the evidence of his extensive research in Mexico between 1977 and 1982, Ian Roxborough challenges this conventional wisdom, arguing that control over Mexican unions has been more fragile and problematic than appears at first sight. Taking the car industry as a case study, he discusses the upsurge of industrial militancy in the 1970s and explores its possible implications for continued political stability. Focusing on variations in the factory-level organisations of the working class, the account in this book de-emphasises theories which stress class consciousness or which focus on the aristocracy of labour, in favour of a theory that places political and organisational power at the centre of analysis. This study of the grass roots of industrial militancy will have relevance not only for the study of contemporary Mexico but also for general explanations of the politics of labour in the Third World.
Merchants of Essaouira
Authors: Schroeter Daniel J.
Published: August 2010

Essaouira was founded n 1764 by Sultan Sidi Muhammad b. Abdullah as his port for developing trade with Europe. Through a group of Jewish middlemen, it served as a link between Europe, Morocco and su-Saharan Africa. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries its fame rivalled Tripoli, Tunis and Algiers. Based on extensive untapped archive in Morocco, papers of Jewish merchant houses and consular records of Britain, France and the United States, this book gives an account of the city in its heyday. Essaouira was an opening to foreign penetration, but it was also important to the Moroccan government, because potentially dissident regions became tied to its commercial and political activities. The control of the sultans was undermined as foreign powers imposed liberal trade and intervened in Moroccan affairs. This study of a specific city and region throws light on the problems of traditional societies in the age of European economic imperialism.
A Practical Approach to Toxicological Investigations
Authors: Poole Alan , Leslie George B.
Published: August 2010

First published in 1989, this book acknowledges that new drugs, food additives and other compounds need to be carefully screened for toxic side-effects. The bulk of this study is devoted to the practical questions of 'what toxicological studies should we perform?' and 'how should we perform them?' Compounds which undergo toxicity testing may be conveniently categorised as those which are intended for administration to man and those which are not. The former include pharmaceuticals to be used medicinally or prophylactically and chemicals which are added to our food, drinks or medicine to improve their stability, appearance or palatability. Since it is on pharmaceuticals that the most comprehensive toxicological evaluations are generally performed, this book has been directed primarily towards to toxicological evaluation of potential new drugs. The principles and methodology of toxicological evaluation of other types of compounds are essentially similar.
Universal Grammar and Language Learnability
Authors: Saleemi Anjum P.
Published: August 2010

Anjum P. Saleemi argues that the acquisition of language as a cognitive system can properly be understood by pairing the formal approach to learning, often known as learnability theory, with Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar and its claim that human language is innately constrained, with some predefined space for variation. Focusing on specific areas of syntax, such as binding theory and the null subject parameter, Dr Saleemi unites learnability theory's methodology with Chomsky's principles-and-parameters model, and construes acquisition as a function of linguistic principles with largely domain-specific learning procedures, mediated by environmental input. The aim of this study is to show that a self-contained linguistic theory cannot by itself be psychologically plausible, but depends on a compatible theory of learning which embraces developmental as well as formal issues.
The Policy of the Entente
Authors: Wilson Keith M.
Published: August 2010

This collection of essays makes a major contribution to the growing debate on British foreign policy before the First World War, and mounts a sustained critique of the received interpretation that invites comparison with the work of Fritz Fischer on the foreign policy of Imperial Germany. The Policy of the Entente presents a realistic assessment of British priorities in the years before 1914, and considers the fundamental and conflicting pressures that determined the formulation of foreign policy. The author concludes that British policy, far from being increasingly Eurocentric, was emphatically imperial: indeed many of the difficulties faced by Britain's rulers stemmed from their inability to live up to this Imperial self-image.
The Causes of Crime
Authors: Mednick Sarnoff A. , Moffitt Terrie E. , Stack Susan A.
Published: August 2010

In this century, social factors have dominated theories of antisocial behaviour to the near-exclusion of other explanatory variables in the study of criminology. Criminologists are now coming to realise that fully understanding the causes of criminality requires consideration of both social and biological variables and that their models must take into account the interaction of the two. Reports of the relevant scientific work have previously been scattered through journals with varying disciplinary and geographical limitations. The book presents state-of-the-art investigation into the biological factors that produce criminal activity from authorities in nine countries who are on the forefront of research in behaviour genetics, neurophysiology, biochemistry, neuropsychology, psychophysiology, psychiatry and sociology. The Causes of Crime: New Biological Approaches offers the first comprehensive overview and integration of this new field of enquiry. It will be an invaluable resource for everyone concerned with the causes of criminal behaviour and interventions to reduce its frequency.
Galen on Bloodletting
Authors: Brain Peter
Published: August 2010

For more than two thousand years, almost all doctors in the West used bloodletting to treat a great variety of diseases and conditions. In an attempt to find out why they acted thus, Dr Brain has translated the three works on bloodletting by the second-century physician Galen, which provide by far the most comprehensive account of the practice in antiquity. This is the first published version of these works in a modern language. After a brief summary of Galen's medical system, the author goes on to consider the origins of Galen's ideas and methods, with particular reference to the Hippocratic writings, and the question why Galen, in common with most of the ancient physicians, believed in the efficacy of the comedy. The effects of bloodletting are considered in terms of modem physiology and medicine, and the possibility is explored that it may indeed have been beneficial in the conditions prevailing in Galen's time.
Urban Regions
Authors: Forman Richard T. T.
Published: August 2010

With land planning, socioeconomics and natural systems as foundations, this book combines urban planning and ecological science in examining urban regions. Writing for graduate students, academic researchers, planners, conservationists and policy makers, and with the use of informative urban-region color maps, Richard Forman analyzes 38 urban regions from 32 nations, including London, Chicago, Ottawa, Brasilia, Cairo, Seoul, Bangkok, Canberra, and a major case study of the Greater Barcelona region. Alternative patterns of urbanization spread (including sprawl) are evaluated from the perspective of nature and people, stating land-use principles extracted from landscape ecology, transportation and hydrology. Good, bad and interesting spatial patterns for creating sustainable land mosaics are pinpointed, and urban regions are considered in broader contexts, from climate change to biodiversity loss, disasters and sense of place.