bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil organic carbon and biochemical properties affected by tillage, mulching and mineral fertilization under rice-based cropping systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains
Authors: Chaudhary VP , Gangwar B , Singh Anil Kumar , Kashyap Poonam , Gangwar Shikha , Kumar Rakesh , Kishore Roop , Bhattacharyya Ranjan
Published: October 2022

A field trial was conducted for four years at Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh, to delineate the impacts of tillage, cropping systems and residue mulching at different rates of mineral fertilization on crop productivity, soil health and enzyme activities. Two tillage systems (no tillage and conventional tillage), four cropping systems [C1: rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum), C2: rice-winter maize (Zea mays), C3­: rice-barley (Hordeum vulgare) and C4: rice –mustard (Brassica spp)] and four rice residue mulching along with mineral fertilization (M1: No mulch + recommended dose of mineral fertilizers (RDF), M2: Mulch (at 6 Mg ha-1) + RDF, M3: No mulch +125% RDF and M4: mulch (at 6 Mg ha-1) + 125% RDF) were used. Results indicated that ZT had ~16% higher oxidizable SOC concentration than CT plots in the surface layer. Although surface oxidizable SOC was unaffected by cropping systems, M4 plots had ~49 and 45% higher oxidizable SOC concentration than M1 and M3 plots, respectively. In surface layer, ZT was better than CT, C1 and C2 were better than C3 and C4 plots, and M4 was better than M1, M2 and M3 plots in terms of dehydrogenase activity. Rice-wheat cropping system had maximum system productivity than other cropping systems and both ZT and CT plots had similar system productivity, but ZT plots had better soil quality indicators. Hence, it is recommended that 6 Mg ha-1 rice residues with 25% higher mineral fertilization under ZT may be adopted for sustained productivity in the rice-wheat cropping system.
Influence of phosphorus management on yield, nutrient uptake, post-harvest soil properties and economics of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in acid Alfisols
Authors: Prusty M , Dash AK , Panda N , Garnayak LM , Mishra AP , Sahu SG
Published: October 2022

A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of phosphorus (P) on kharif rice(Oryza sativa L.) in rice-greengram cropping system in Mid-Central Table Land Zone of Odisha. The experiment was conducted in split-plot design with three replications. Four main plots viz., P1-100% soil test dose (STD) for P as basal to rice, P2- 100% STD for P to both the crops, P3-50 % STD for P to rice and 100% STD for P to greengram, P4 - No P to rice and 100% STD for P to both the crops was applied to greengram, were allotted to the main plots and three rice varieties viz., V1-Mandakini, V2-Lalat and V3- Pratikhya were considered in the sub plots. Application of 100% STD for P to both the crops (P2) resulted in the highest grain and straw yield of 3980 and 4715 kg/ha, respectively. Rice variety ‘Pratikshya’ produced the highest grain and straw yields of 3808 and 4399 kg/ha, respectively. Similarly, the same P management practice and rice cv. ‘Pratikshya’ recorded the highest chlorophyll content (3.54 mg/g of fresh leaf weight), nutrient uptake (N 68.9 kg/ha , P 27.2 kg/ha , K 88.2 kg/ha ) gross and net returns and B: C ratio (1.94). However, the post harvest soil nutrients status were maximum with P2 where rice cv. ‘Mandakini’ was taken.
Marker - trait association analysis for yield related traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kumar Yogendra , Sinha Sweta , Kumar Saurav , Tomar Satyendra , Kumar Mankesh , Kumar Anand , Singh Suresh Prasad
Published: October 2022

This study was undertaken to identify marker-trait associations for twelve yield related traits with a set of 48 rice genotypes. A total of 38 polymorphic SSR markers across the 12 chromosomes of rice were used for the association analysis. Marker-trait associations were performed using mixed linear model approach. A total of 84 significant marker-trait associations were detected at Pd £ 0.05 with the R2 values ranging from 6.71 to 27.24%. The most significant marker associations for days to 50% flowering on chromosome 12 with RM17, plant height on chromosome 4 with RM7051, panicle length on chromosome 7 with RM125, flag leaf length on chromosome 9 with RM219, flag leaf breadth on chromosome 10 with RM216, effective tiller per plant on chromosome 5 with RM164, total grains per panicle on chromosome 12 with RM28305, hundred grain weight on chromosome 1 with RM6324, grain yield per plant and grain length on chromosome 8 with RM8264, grain breadth on chromosome 7 with RM320 and grain length-breadth ratio on chromosome 1 with RM6324. The present study has revealed that the twenty-three markers showed association with more than one trait and correlated traits such as panicle length, total grains per panicle, hundred grain weight, grain yield per plant, grain length, grain breadth and grain length-breadth ratio were located in the same chromosome regions. These traits may be controlled by genes which have pleotropic effect. The result suggest that marker-trait association analysis is a fascinating tool to identify marker-trait association for complex traits using diverse rice genotypes. The SSR markers identified in this study would be useful in marker assisted selection for the improvement of yield related traits in rice.
Optimization of high frequency plant regeneration protocol via embryogenic callus formation from diverse indica rice genotypes induced by combinations of 2,4-D and BA
Authors: Murugesan Dhandapani , Subramanian Geethanjali , Salini Arumugam Palanivelu , Muthurajan Raveendran
Published: October 2022

A high frequency plant regeneration protocol via induction of embryogenic callus followed by somatic embryogenesis was standardized for a group of indica rice varieties consisting of land races and improved varieties, which are generally considered recalcitrant. Scutellum derived embryogenic calluses were obtained from the mature seeds inoculated into MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of 2,4-D and BA added with casein hydrolysate (500 mg/l) and proline (1 g/l). The varieties significantly differed in their response to embryogenic callusing and regeneration. Maximum embryogenic callus formation was induced in all the varieties by altering the combinations and concentrations of 2,4-D(1.0-2.0 mg/l) and BA (0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l). The land races viz., Karnel, SavuluSamba and Doddabyranellu showed higher embryogenic callus formation in all the combinations and concentrations of 2,4-D and BA. But the improved varieties showed embryogenic callus induction only in particular concentration and combinations of growth regulators. However, an increasing trend of plant regeneration was observed in regeneration media consisted of MS salts supplemented with 3.0 mg/ l BA and 1.0 mg/l NAA. We showed that maximum plant regeneration through generation of embryogenic calluses induction in indica rice varieties can be induced by altering the concentrations and combinations of 2,4-D and BA.
SSR marker analysis and DNA fingerprinting of mutant rice variety VTL 10 (Lavanya)
Authors: Vighneswaran Veena , John Deepa , KS Shilpa , Thomas Deepa , AK Sreelatha
Published: October 2022

VTL-3 is a tall high yielding saline tolerant rice variety developed by Rice Research Station, Vyttila in 1987, which is having a tendency to lodge at maturity. Researchers hence, developed semi-tall lines of VTL-3 using induced mutagenesis. The selected semi-tall mutants were screened with markers linked to Saltol QTL and it was found that this region was not affected in the mutant. A promising line selected after comparative yield trials was later released as VTL 10, Lavanya in the year 2018. In order to differentiate the variety Lavanya from its parent VTL 3, SSR marker analysis and DNA fingerprinting was carried out. These two varieties were screened with 48 SSR markers for DNA fingerprinting and eight markers were found to be polymorphic between VTL-10 andVTL-3. The polymorphic markers include RM600, RM3362,RM279, RM7, RM85, RM149, RM144 and RM1880. The number of alleles ranged from 1 to 3 and the size of PCR products ranged from 110 to 300bp with Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) from 0 to 0.38. From the present study, it was observed that these eight markers can be used to distinguish the mutant line VTL-10 from its original parent VTL-3.
Line x tester analysis for yield and yield attributing traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under sodic soil conditions
Authors: Singh Snehanshu , Sharma Aarti , Verma OP
Published: October 2022

A hybridization program was carried out employing Line x Tester mating design in 15 rice genotypes which included: long grained-(LG); saline soil tolerant-(ST) and alkaline soil tolerant- (AT). Among the chosen genotypes, 12 genotypes (LG, ST and AT) were selected as lines and crossed with three tester (ST and AT) genotypes to obtain 36 F1s. A total of 10 yield attributing traits were studied on 36 F1s along with parents to assess the combining ability effect and type of gene action present in the experimental material. Among lines: NDRK 50024, NDRK 50012, NDRK 50035, IR61920-3B-22-2-1, IR 71895-3R-26-2-1-B; and among testers: AGAMI MI were identified as good general combiners for yield and other yield attributing traits. Percent contribution to genetic variance of lines was more than testers for all the traits studied in the experiment. 36 F1s obtained from the hybridization program was divided into six distinct types to facilitate in comprehensive study of the genetic behavior of ST and AT parental genotypes crosses sown in sodic soil conditions. Based on types of crosses, we observed AT x ST, ST x AT and LG x ST type of crosses showed positive significant SCA effects for GYPP some other yield attributing traits. High mid-parent heterosis of more than 100% was observed in five crosses out of 36; which were AT x ST and ST x AT type, for yield traits All the traits showed medium to high heritability for all the traits, among which highest heritability was exhibited for flag leaf area (60.34) followed by plant height (42.53) and spiklets per plant (40.18).
Prospects of fungal endophytes for stress mitigation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Unnikrishnan Boby Vattekkattu , Mohan Mahesh
Published: October 2022

Fungal endophytes are highly diverse in their functions and impart functional advantage to the host plants. Application of fungal endophytes is gaining relevance in field of agriculture as an ecofriendly approach and means of reducing pesticide application in crop plants. Rice production is known to be affected by both biotic and abiotic stresses and application of microbes could be one of the means of reducing the stresses. Fungal endophytes are isolated and studied from various parts of rice plants and they are reported to be involved in improving the growth and reducing various stresses during plant growth. This review discusses about relevance and potential of fungal endophytes in rice on mitigating various stresses like drought, salinity, heat, heavy metals and biotic elements such as diseases and pests.
Influence of differential root and shoot growth rate on seedling vigour index in rice
Authors: KR Reshmi Raj , S Gopala Krishnan , MB Arun Kumar , Bansal VP
Published: October 2022

Early seedling vigour is an important trait in direct seeded rice which determines the growth and yield. It is a complex trait and is found to be associated with germination and seedling growth. The rice genotypes, BPT 5204 and PB 1850-27 were screened for early seedling vigour traits and the data was recorded on germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight. The seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II were calculated for both the genotypes. It was observed that seedling vigour index I and II was found higher in PB 1850-27 as compared to BPT 5204. The principal component analysis was done to study differential root and shoot growth rate in F1 plants with parents. It was observed that growth rate in F1 seedlings was found higher than both the parents. The root growth in F1 plants resemble BPT 5204 during initial days of germination, while shoot growth pattern exhibited similarity only with PB 1850-27. The F2 population exhibited segregation for mean root and shoot length.
Prevalence and distribution of rice blast disease in different rice ecosystems of Karnataka, India
Authors: Chittaragi Amoghavarsha , Naik Ganesha R , Pramesh Devanna , Naik Manjunatha K , A Raghunandana , E Chidanandappa , Huded Sharanabasav , Alase Saddamhusen , BS Chethana
Published: October 2022

Rice is the most widely consumed cereal staple food for a significant part of the world, particularly in Asia. The Karnataka state of India is one of the highest rice producers, and it has a varied rice ecosystem from irrigated plains to rainfed hilly areas. The rice blast occurs at different severity in these ecosystems causing significant losses each year. The roving survey was carried out in the 120 villages of 18 districts distributed under five irrigated and two rainfed ecosystems of Karnataka during Kharif -2019. Within the irrigated ecosystems, the highest PDI was observed in the Kavery (50.85), followed by Varada (45.89), Bhadra (45.82), Tungabhadra (11.13), and Upper Krishna (10.58) command areas. In a rainfed ecosystem, the highest PDI was observed in the hilly ecosystem (53.38) and the least in the coastal ecosystem (3.73). Within 18 districts, the lowest PDI was observed in the Gadag district (1.68) of the Thungabhadra ecosystem, and the highest was observed in the Chikkamagalur district (81.60) of the hilly ecosystem. The disease was severe in the rainfed hilly ecosystem, followed by an irrigated and rainfed coastal ecosystem. This information is helpful in formulating the management strategies of rice blast in different rice ecosystems of Karnataka.
Defense response induced by silicon amendment against Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) infestation in rice
Authors: Panda S , Rath LK , Panda SK , Rout GR , Swain R
Published: October 2022

Considering silicon (Si) amendment as an eco-holistic approach in insect pest management, an attempt was made to optimize the dose of diatomaceous earth (DAE), an organic silicate fertilizer and study the mechanism of resistance against stem borer and leaf folder infesting rice. Basal application of this product at 50-500 kg ha-1 effectively restricted damage by both the insects in rice cv.TN1 and increased the crop yield by 22-80% over control as against 74% increase in standard check, calcium silicate applied at 2000 kg ha-1. An enhancement of plant resistance to these pests was conspicuously observed at different doses of DAE. The best performance was exhibited at 300 kg ha-1 with a record average of 9.46% dead heart and 3.26% white ears due to stem borer and 1.84% leaf damage by leaf folder compared to corresponding damage of 22.34, 19.40 and 3.33%, respectively in untreated control. This induction of plant resistance was attributed to higher silicon deposit supported by marked impact of feeding stimuli from stem borer in altering the chlorophyll, phenol and protein contents of the rice plant.
PENGARUH EFIKASI DIRI DAN KECERDASAN TINGKAT EMOSI TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KARIR MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR PROGRAM STUDI ADMNISTRASI UPN “VETERAN” JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Maharani Ikaningtyas
Published: October 2022

The current era of globalization also demands progress from all aspects that greatly support the needs of everyday life. One of them is the development of education or education related to this matter which is able to have a positive impact on students. The purpose of this study was to determine how self-efficacy and emotional intelligence affect career decision making for final year students of the UPN "Veteran" East Java administration study program. This study uses a quantitative approach. The researcher used the Linkert scale with 5 points in linear. Based on the results of research that has been carried out by researchers, there are several conclusions. The results of the study have shown that there is a positive and significant influence between the variables of self-efficacy on career decision making. There is a positive and significant influence between emotional level intelligence variables on career decision making. And there is a significant positive effect, the hypothesis testing of self-efficacy and emotional intelligence on career decision making is accepted. Thus the conclusion is that there is a significant positive effect simultaneously on self-efficacy and emotional intelligence on career decision making
Energy saving technology in power plants industry by HFRW
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad , Sabet Hamed
Published: October 2022

This paper aims at investigating the use of high frequency resistance welding (HFRW) to deploy energy saving technology in power plants industry. The new approach of dissimilar welds A240TP409 finned and 2¼ Cr-1 Mo seamless tube under various conditions of high frequency resistance welding (HFRW) are found in power plant boilers and reducing energy costs is possible through the use of finned tubes. HFRW have accom-plished on samples by changing multiple parameters including current of welding, electric potential, travel speed and fin pitch. Microstructural evolution in weld bond, hardness and tensile strength tests revealed that metallurgical bonding more than 90 % was measured at the weld interface and the average of tensile strengths were more than 275MPa, with setting on appropriate welding parameters and optimum pressure. Since the pitch and fin thickness can be severely reduced, the output transfer surface treatment in final process can be dramatically diminished. Lastly, a well-engineered approach to the design of the best conditions of finned tube welding bond is discussed in modern combined cycle power plant (CCPP).
Investigation of the combustion process of the developed composite granules
Authors: Novikova Yuliia , Petrova Zhanna , Vorobiov Leonid , Chmel Valerii , Skliarenko Yevhen , Novikova Inessa
Published: October 2022

The urgent task of each country is to achieve energy independence through the transition from traditional energy sources to alternative ones. Sewage treatment plants can be considered a potential source of additional raw materials. In Ukraine, one of the problems is the disposal of sludge that are more than 30 years old and to which activated sludge has not been added. This sludge has a low content of organic components, which are not suitable for combustion in pure form and fertilizers. Since the old sludge have a small content of organic components, for their better utilization it is proposed to create composite granules, their subsequent drying and combustion, during which the resulting ash will be used for the production of building materials. The aim of the work is to study the combustion of composite granules based on sludge, peat and biomass. The determined specific heat of combustion of composite granules exceeds this index of peat by 1.2 times. The study of the combustion process of composite granules showed that the obtained results can be used in fuel combustion in different ways. The combustion rate of granules is much lower than the combustion rate of the original biomass, but the combustion rate of a separate part of sludge prevails. The combustion rate of granules is much lower than the combustion rate of the original biomass, but the combustion rate of a separate part of sludge prevails. The conducted experiments showed the possibility of decontamination of sludge and its disposal as an alternative fuel.
Properties and Analysis of Liquid Alternative Fuels I: Fatty Acid Esters
Authors: Staš Martin , Mužíková Zlata , Šimáček Pavel
Published: October 2022

The importance of alternative fuels is constantly growing due to environmental reasons, saving fossil fuels and reducing the dependence of the world countries on the supply of fossil raw materials from politically unstable regions. This article is further in a series of review articles focused on an overview of technical requirements and testing methods for selected alternative fuels. It is also the first in a series of papers focused on liquid alternative fuels. The aim of this series of articles is to provide an overview of the required properties of individual alternative fuels, the possibilities of their analysis and the importance of the individual analyzes. This article focuses on fuels containing fatty acid esters.Biodiesel can be burned in diesel engines either in a mixture with conventional diesel or as an individual fuel. Unlike conventional diesel, which is composed of hydrocarbons of petroleum origin, biodiesel contains fatty acid methyl esters. In addition to this main component, glycerol (by-product of transesterification), methanol, free fatty acids, glycerides (mono-, di- and tri-), catalyst residues, water, and possibly other components can be present also. These contaminants can, in certain concentrations, cause some undesirable properties both in pure biodiesel and in biodiesel/diesel blends. Compared to conventional diesel, biodiesel has a higher density and viscosity, but a slightly lower higher heating value, and considerably worse oxidation stability. In terms of pollutant emissions, the combustion of biodiesel produces less hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and solid particles, but slightly more nitrogen oxides than the combustion of mineral diesel. Gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, titration methods, and atomic spectroscopy methods have typically been used for the evaluation of these fuels. In addition to the properties monitored by these methods, conventional fuel parameters such as density, viscosity, low-temperature properties, oxidation stability, corrosion properties, flash point, cetane number, and others are monitored for biodiesel and biodiesel/diesel blends. In general, it can be stated that the analysis of fuels containing biodiesel is well managed. Instrumental equipment and (modified) analytical methods used for the analysis of conventional liquid fuels can be used to analyze these fuels.
Pyrometallurgy and Electrometallurgy of Rare Earths – Part B: Cell design, construction, rate processes, and unit operation
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Musaddique Ali
Published: October 2022

Present study consititutes researching extraction and refining of rare earths. A quantitative approach is adopted enlisting and enumerating equations, diagrams and graphs. Emphasis is placed on arriving at definitive answer regarding assumed hypothesis. 
Patch-wise 3D Segmentation Quality Assessment Combining Reconstruction and Regression Networks
Authors: Zaman Fahim Ahmed , Roy Tarun Kanti , Sonka Milan , Wu Xiaodong
Published: October 2022

In this article, we propose a novel deep learning framework to identify location-specific inaccurate segmentation for medical images to aid downstream analyses. The proposed method relies directly on the extracted segmentation related features and does not need to use the independent standard during the inference phase to identify erroneous regions in the computed segmentation. This is significant because image segmentation plays an indispensable role for automated quantitative analysis in modern precision medicine and the absence of case-by-case ground truth for medical images limits the segmentation quality assessment. Moreover, in contrast to our approach, to the best of our knowledge, current deep learning-based segmentation quality assessment models evaluate the segmentation quality globally and may ignore significant local segmentation errors in locations where diseases are prevalent. For the purpose of disease diagnosis and/or prognosis, it is critical to identify inaccurate segmentation in local regions. We used two publicly available datasets to evaluate our method and show that our method is robust and works well to localize small but significant inaccurate segmentation in the cases of both good and bad overall segmentation results for different imaging modalities. 
Estimation of the yield and angular distribution of neutrons for calculating the biological shielding of reconstructed heavy ion accelerators with energies from 1 to 6 MeV/u
Authors: Teterev Yurii , Kabytayeva Raushan , Mitrofanov Semen , Bolatkazyyev Yeldos , Issatov Askar , Komarov Pavel
Published: October 2022

Simple analytical formulas for prompt estimation of the yield and angular distribution of neutrons for calculating the biological shielding of heavy ion accelerators with energies from 1 to 6 MeV/u are presented. The results of calculation are compared with those obtained with the help of the programs LIZE++ and FLUKA as well as with the experimental data available in literature. On the basis of the comparison it can be said that the proposed method can be applied for prompt estimation of the required biological shielding for heavy ion accelerators with energies from 1 to 6 MeV/u that are being constructed or reconstructed. The deviation of the results of such calculations from more precise ones does not exceed a factor of 2, which is comparable with deviations in calculation of biological shielding due to some variety in the spectra of the produced neutrons and variations in protective properties of the materials used as well as in their thickness.
The Dark Side of Native Code on Android
Authors: Ruggia Antonio , Possemato Andrea , Dambra Savino , Merlo Alessio , Aonzo Simone , Balzarotti Davide
Published: October 2022

From a little research experiment to an essential component of military arsenals, malicious software has constantly been growing and evolving for more than three decades. On the other hand, from a negligible market share, the Android operating system is nowadays the most widely used mobile operating system, becoming a desirable target for large-scale malware distribution. While scientific literature has followed this trend, one aspect has been understudied: the role of native code in malicious Android apps. Android apps are written in high-level languages, but thanks to the Java Native Interface (JNI), Android also supports calling native (C/C++) library functions. While allowing native code in Android apps has a strong positive impact from a performance perspective, it dramatically complicates its analysis because bytecode and native code need different abstractions and analysis algorithms, and they thus pose different challenges and limitations. Consequently, these difficulties are often (ab)used to hide malicious payloads. In this work, we propose a novel methodology to reverse engineering Android apps focusing on suspicious patterns related to native components, i.e., surreptitious code that requires further inspection. We implemented a static analysis tool based on such methodology, which can bridge the “Java” and the native worlds and perform an in-depth analysis of tag code blocks responsible for suspicious behavior. These tags benefit the human facing the reverse engineering task: they clearly indicate which part of the code to focus on to find malicious code. Then, we performed a longitudinal analysis of Android malware over the past ten years and compared the recent malicious samples with actual top apps on the Google Play Store. Our work depicts typical behaviors of modern malware, its evolution, and how it abuses the native layer to complicate the analysis, especially with dynamic code loading and novel anti-analysis techniques. Finally, we show a use case for our suspicious tags: we trained and tested a machine learning algorithm for a binary classification task. Even if suspicious does not imply malicious, our classifier obtained a remarkable F1-score of 0.97, showing that our methodology can be helpful to both humans and machines.
Rate-splitting Multiple Access and Dynamic User Clustering for Sum-Rate Maximization in Multiple RISs-aided Uplink mmWave System
Authors: Katwe Mayur , Singh Keshav , Clerckx Bruno , Li Chih-Peng
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)-aided millimeter wave (mmWave) uplink (UL) rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) system is investigated which targets to achieve better rate performance and enhanced coverage capability for multiple users. The considered UL RSMA model splits the rate for each user by dividing their message into multiple parts and hence exploits all the necessary degrees of freedom to achieve maximum capacity region and high user fairness. In particular, we focus on the sum-rate maximization for considered UL RSMA system subject to joint optimization of power allocation to the UL users and beamforming design, i.e., active receive beamforming at the base-station (BS) and passive beamforming at multiple RISs. To efficiently mitigate high inter-node interference in multi-user scenario, we first provided a low-complex user pairing scheme based on k-means clustering and then develop an effective low-cost alternating optimization framework to solve the joint optimization problem sub-optimally by decoupling the problem into different sub-problems of power allocation and beamforming design. Specifically, the sub-problems of power allocation and beamforming design are solved using successive convex approximation, Riemannian manifold and fractional programming techniques. Later, the unified solution based on block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm is proposed. Extensive numerical simulations validate that the user-clustering effectively significantly improves the performance gain and the considered RSMA system outperforms the conventional multiple schemes in terms rate and user-fairness. Also, the exploitation of spatial correlation among each RIS elements i.e., non-diagonal phase-matrices at each RIS achieve better performance that conventional diagonal phase-matrices setting.
Cross-Layer Reliability Modeling of Dual-Port FeFET: Device-Algorithm Interaction
Authors: kumar shubham , Chatterjee swetaki , thomann simon , Chauhan Yogesh
Singh , Amrouch Hussam
Published: October 2022

Today's data-centric applications are incompatible with the predominant compute-centric computer architectures. The small on-chip memories of compute-centric computer architecture demand many energy-costly data transfers exposing the von-Neumann bottleneck. The Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistor (FeFET) is an emerging Non-Volatile Memory technology enabling novel data-centric architectures that go far beyond von-Nuemann principles. FeFETs are very promising for a wide range of applications starting from on-chip memories to in-memory computing and even neuromorphic computing. Nevertheless, FeFET devices exhibit significant variations that can severely restrict their applicability. Temperature further exacerbates variation effects because it degrades ferroelectric parameters. Hence, it is indispensable to investigate and model design-time variations, run-time variations, and stochastic variations due to spatial fluctuation of ferroelectric domains under different temperatures. Dual-port FeFET has been recently proposed and demonstrated as novel structure that offers for the first time disturb-free read operation along with larger memory window (MW) compared to conventional FeFETs. However, all of the before-mentioned types of variations are amplified in such a new structure. In this work, the impact of temperature variation is analyzed for dual-port FeFETs for the first time in a cross-layer manner starting from the device level to the circuit/system levels and compared to conventional FeFET. We focus in our analysis on Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC), which is an emerging type of machine learning algorithm, that is being executed on top of FeFET-based in-memory circuits that perform efficient Hamming distance (i.e., similarity) computations. Through our cross-layer framework, we demonstrate the serious impact of variation on FeFET reliability despite the significant increase in the MW that dual-port FeFET offers. Even HDC is affected, despite its remarkable robustness against errors. All in all, our work reveals that a larger MW at the device level does not necessarily translate to benefits at the application level. Hence, investigating and modeling variability effects in a cross-layer manner is indispensable.
End-to-End Label Uncertainty Modeling in Speech Emotion Recognition using Bayesian Neural Networks and Label Distribution Learning
Authors: Raj Prabhu Navin , Lehmann-Willenbrock Nale , Gerkmann Timo
Published: October 2022

To train machine learning algorithms to predict emotional expressions in terms of arousal and valence, annotated datasets are needed. However, as different people perceive others’ emotional expressions differently, their annotations are per se subjective. For this, annotations are typically collected from multiple annotators and averaged to obtain ground-truth labels. However, when exclusively trained on this averaged ground-truth, the trained network is agnostic to the inherent subjectivity in emotional expressions. In this work, we therefore propose an end-to-end Bayesian neural network capable of being trained on a distribution of labels to also capture the subjectivity-based label uncertainty. Instead of a Gaussian, we model the label distribution using Student’s t-distribution, which also accounts for the number of annotations. We derive the corresponding Kullback-Leibler divergence loss and use it to train an estimator for the distribution of labels, from which the mean and uncertainty can be inferred. We validate the proposed method using two in-the-wild datasets. We show that the proposed t-distribution based approach achieves state-of-the-art uncertainty modeling results in speech emotion recognition, and also consistent results in cross-corpora evaluations. Furthermore, analyses reveal that the advantage of a t-distribution over a Gaussian grows with increasing inter-annotator correlation and a decreasing number of annotators.
Rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke aphasia using transcranial direct current electrical stimulation (tDCS)
Authors: Belopasova Anastasia V. , Kadykov Albert S. , Berdnikovitch Elena S. , Dobrynina Larisa A.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke aphasia is an important medical and social goal. The use of traditional methods of rehabilitation is often not effective enough, which forces us to look for new methods aimed at restoring lost functions.
AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation using transcranial direct electric current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with post-stroke aphasia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 28 patients with motor post-stroke aphasia were examined according to the method of L.S. Tsvetkova with co-authors. All patients received a traditional rehabilitation complex: psychological and correctional classes with a speech therapist-aphasiologist; neurometabolic therapy. 14 patients (Group I) additionally had transcranial direct electric current stimulation; 14 patients had placebo transcranial direct electric current stimulation.
RESULTS: All patients with post-stroke aphasia showed an improvement in expressive and impressive speech, however, in patients who had true transcranial direct electric current stimulation, the improvement in expressive and impressive speech was higher than in patients who had placebo transcranial direct electric current stimulation. There were no complications from the use of transcranial direct electric current stimulation.
CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that it is expedient to include the non-invasive transcranial direct electric current stimulation method in the rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke aphasia.
Features of clinical reasoning in physical rehabilitation
Authors: Zverev Yuriy P. , Builova Tatyana V.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the clinical reasoning of specialists in the field of physical rehabilitation, in particular, specialists in physical therapy and occupational therapy. Despite numerous studies, the topic of "formation of clinical thinking" remains insufficiently studied and has its own peculiarities in the field of physical therapy.
The key features influencing clinical reasoning in physical rehabilitation are revealed. They include the use of movement as one of the main means of diagnosis, rehabilitation, evaluation of effectiveness, as well as the goals of rehabilitation interventions; focus on patient activity and participation (according to the International Classification of Functioning, ICF); patient mobility; interactivity and multidisciplinarity. The autonomy extend in professional activity has a significant impact on the formation of clinical reasoning of specialists.
Conceptually, clinical reasoning in physical rehabilitation may be defined as the combination and interaction of cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills. At the same time, effective clinical reasoning is narrative, adaptive and collaborative, contextual and it utilizes a biopsychosocial approach to the patient.
Possibilities of endoscopic evaluation of swallowing function in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness
Authors: Kondratyeva Ekaterina A. , Lesteva Nataliya A. , Verbitskaya Elena V. , Kondratyev Sergey A. , Petrova Alina B. , Ivanova Natalya E. , Kondratyev Anatolii N.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: The period of coma in some patients after severe brain damage ends with a transition to one of the forms of chronic disorders of consciousness ― a vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome or a minimally conscious state. Almost all patients with chronic disorders of consciousness have dysphagia of varying severity, and therefore nutrition of this category of patients is carried out initially through a nasogastric tube, and then through a gastrostomy. Early tracheostomy cannula removal may lead to the development of aspiration and pneumonia. Dysphagia is often not diagnosed in chronic disorders of consciousness patients.
AIMS: Analysis of the results of fibrooptic endoscopic assessment of swallowing in chronic disorders of consciousness patients to identify the relationship between the presence and severity of dysphagia with the level of consciousness, data on the coma recovery scale, as well as the duration of consciousness disorders and dynamics of recovery of consciousness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was of a prospective type, conducted in the period from 2019 to 2021. 39 chronic disorders of consciousness patients (18 ― vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, 18 ― minimally conscious state "minus" and minimally conscious state "plus" and 3 patients with a level of consciousness corresponding to the emergence from the minimally conscious state). The average duration of chronic disorders of consciousness was 7.79.4 months. All patients underwent a neurological examination using the CRS-R upon admission to the hospital and a month later, an endoscopic examination of the swallowing function was performed with scores calculated according to the Federal Endoscopic Dysphagia Severity Assessment Scale (FEDSS) and aspiration assessment scale in accordance with the Rosenbek criteria.
RESULTS: Dysphagia of varying severity was detected in 36 patients (92.3%). The correlation of the total CRS-R score with the degree of dysphagia (Ro=-0.481, p=0.002) was found. The degree of dysphagia did not depend on the chronic disorders of consciousness duration.
CONCLUSION: Regardless of the chronic disorders of consciousness severity (vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, minimally conscious state "minus", minimally conscious state "plus") before tracheostomy removing and switching to the oral feeding, it is necessary to perform fibrooptic endoscopic studies of swallowing to detect dysphagia, determine its degree, which is a method of preventing complications of the decanulation consequences.
Mathematical model of pneumatic suspension with flywheel damper and hydraulic shock absorber
Authors:   Novikov V.V. Ryabov I.M. Pozdeev A.V. Chernyshov K.V. Chumakov D.A.
Published: October 2022

A mathematical model and the results of a computational and experimental study of the pneumatic suspension with a combined damping system, which includes a hydraulic shock absorber, an inertial-friction shock absorber and a dynamic damper, are presented.
Keywords: pneumatic suspension, combined damping, hydraulic shock absorber, inertial friction shock absorber, dynamic damper. nvv_60@mail.ru
Influence of the gap between the saw drum and the grate of the cleaner on the quality of the cleaning of raw cotton
Authors: Rosulov R.H.
Published: October 2022

The gap between the saw drum and the grate of the raw cotton cleaner is investigated. It is established that when cleaning raw cotton, the diameter of the grates increases, and the gap between them decreases. At the same time, as a result of the increase in load, the length of the fiber strands increases. Therefore, each gap in the cleaner must be larger than the previous gap.
Keywords: saw drum, impact action, peg drum, grate, distance between grates.rasulov.ruzimurad@mail.ru
Development of an efficient design of crusher hammers for feed production
Authors:   Iskakov R.M. Mamyirbaeva I.K. Gulyarenko A.A. Silaev M.YU. Gusev A.S.
Published: October 2022

The design of crusher hammers is considered on the basis of a mathematical model of the process of cracking in the production of bone meal. The developed design of the hammer ensures the intensification of the crushing process.
Keywords: agricultural and food machinery, crusher, hammer, impact loads, crushing, intensification. rus.iskakov79@mail.ru, torikbaur@mail.ru, ulyarenko@mail.ru, Labmetcontrol@inbox.ru
Mechanical and mathematical model of a mover with rubber belt track to determine stresses in the soil
Authors:   Poddubnyiy V.I. Trehtler A. Varkentin A.
Published: October 2022

A mechanical-mathematical model of a triangular mover with rubber belt track to determine vertical stresses in soil implemented in the RecurDyn application software package is presented. On the basis of results of mathematical modeling of movement the diagrams of vertical stresses distribution in sandy loam at various depths and isobars of stresses under the track mover are plotted.

Keywords: mechanical-mathematical model, track mover, rubber belt track, RecurDyn application software, vertical stresses, soil, stress isobar. poddubny@list.ru, Traechtler@hni.upb.de, warkentin@iem.fraunhofer.de
Research of the thermal effectiveness of a heat exchanger with involute profile
Authors:   Lobanov M.A. Abdeev E.R. Saitov R.I. Rukomoynikov A.A.
Published: October 2022

An energy-efficient and maintainable heat exchanger with involute profile and removable sections is developed. On the basis of experimental data, the calculation of its effectiveness is performed.
Keywords: heat exchanger, pipe, corrugated pipe, plate, involute, test, effectiveness.
alex@bgutmo.ru
Research of the delay in the supply of lubricant to friction pairs during engine start
Authors:   Ilchuk I.A. Atamanov S.A. Tinina E.V.
Published: October 2022

It is established that the quality of the engine start depends on the delay time of the supply of engine oil to the friction pairs of the engine, especially under conditions of negative temperatures, therefore pre-start thermal preparation of the engine is necessary. It is proposed to use thermal accumulators that do not require additional fuel consumption and electrical energy from standard accumulator batteries.
Keywords: engine, start, temperature, rotation speed, wear, engine oil, delay, pumping, hydrothermal accumulator, thermal accumulator.il4uk.goscha@yandex.ru, atamanov-s-a@mail.ru, alen-pa14@yandex.ru
Pendulum-type tribometer for express evaluation of tribological characteristics of materials
Authors:   Puchkov P.V. Ivanov V.E.
Published: October 2022

A pendulum-type tribometer design is developed for express estimation of the moment and coefficient of friction in sliding friction pairs. The confidence interval of measurements is determined, a mathematical description of the principle of operation of the tribometer and formulas for calculating the coefficient and moment of friction are given.
Keywords: tribometer, friction, Froude pendulum, friction coefficient, friction moment.
palpuch@mail.ru, vitaliyivanov@yandex.ru
Prospects for the development of deep-feed grinding of gas turbine engine parts using highly porous cubic boron nitride wheels
Authors:   Volkov D.I. TSvetkov B.V.
Published: October 2022

The technologies of deep grinding of gas turbine engine parts are analyzed. The features of a grinding tool made of traditional abrasives and superhard materials are revealed. Ways to improve the effectiveness of this treatment using highly porous cubic boron nitride wheels are proposed.

Keywords; deep-feed grinding, gas turbine engine, multi-coordinate grinding center, nickel heat-resistant alloy, highly porous cubic boron nitride wheel. d_i_volkov@rsatu.ru, boris_tsvetkov@mail.ru
Features of simulation of out-of-furnace processing of liquid steel for building structures
Authors:   Mamedov A.T. Ismailov N.S. Djafarova V.N.
Published: October 2022

The features of modeling out-of-furnace processing of liquid steel for building structures are considered. The influence of the intensity of gas supply and the depth of immersion of the tuyere into the pouring ladle on the duration of steel homogenization is studied. A review of the current state of the processes of out-of-furnace treatment of liquid steel with gases is given. Based on the results of physical modeling, the effect of out-of-furnace treatment on the structures and properties of liquid steel is established.
Keywords: liquid steel, gas blowing, physical model, homogenization time. ariff-1947@mail.ru, nizism@mail.ru, azmiu_vusale@mail.ru
Changes in the effectiveness of drag reducing additives at their application in main pipelines
Authors:   Biryukov V.I. Strelnikova S.A.
Published: October 2022

The decrease in hydraulic resistance in main pipelines when using drag reducing additives (DRA) is being investigated. The calculation of the effectiveness of DRA based on the indicators of the pipeline filling process is proposed. A hypothesis is formulated about a consistent increase in the effectiveness of DRA at the initial filling site.
Keywords: main pipeline, Toms effect, drag reducing additive, hydraulic resistance, activation.
aviatex@mail.ru, strelnikowa@gmail.com
Increasing the durability of cold stamping stamps by hardening with intermediate tempering
Authors:   Berdiev D.M. Yusupov A.A. Toshmatov R.K.
Published: October 2022

Based on the study of the nature of tool wear for cold stamping, the expediency of using heat treatment by quenching with intermediate tempering is established. This treatment increases the durability of the stamping tool in 2—3 times.
Keywords: heat treatment, hardness, dislocation density, intermediate tempering, low alloy steel. berdiyev_mf@mail.ru
Research of nonuniformity of material removal on adjacent surfaces during vibroabrasive processing of workpieces of different configurations
Authors: Dimov YU.V.
Published: October 2022

Vibroabrasive processing of parts of different configurations is investigated. It is established that in the presence of mating surfaces, the removal of material is uneven and depends on the size of the granules, the size, shape and location of the treated surface. Analytical expressions are obtained for determining the number of collisions of abrasive granules with the treated surface and their packing density.
Keywords: vibroabrasive treatment, abrasive granule, specific volume of removed material, number of contacts, packing density, mutual arrangement of surfaces.
Dimov-Ura@yandex.ru
Technological specialization of production
Authors: Bazrov B.M.
Published: October 2022

The subject and technological specializations of production, their relationship, characteristics and effectiveness are considered. It is shown that determining the level of technological specialization using the coefficient of fixing of technological operations has significant drawbacks. It is proposed to use the coefficient of repeatability of technological operations performed at one workplace.
Keywords: subject and technological specialization, mixed specialization, subject of production, technology, labor intensity, repeatability, effectiveness, enterprise, workshop, site, workplace, product, assembly, part. modul_lab@mail.ru