bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introducing introductory advertising students to the World Wide Web
Authors: Barnes Beth E.
Published: June 2018

While students at major universities may have access to the World Wide Web via campus computer labs, many have yet to take advantage of the Web's offerings. Regular demonstrations of Web sites were incorporated into an introductory advertising course to pique students’ interest in the Web. This paper discusses how Web site visits were incorporated into lectures and the students’ evaluation of the Web site component of the course.
A Survey of Faculty Evaluation Practices in Journalism and Mass Communication
Authors: Sitz Robert C. , Thayer Frank
Published: June 2018

Although it is presumed that most schools formally and systematically evaluate faculty for purposes of salary, tenure and promotion, the literature reveals little current evidence regarding the extent or nature of the faculty evaluation process. A survey of AEJMC members reveals that despite unique and diverse course formats, journalism and mass communication programs fit the national pattern. Formal classroom evaluation is widely practiced; the preferred method is student evaluation; rating instruments are the methodologies of choice.
Feline maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis: a retrospective study of 13 cases and proposal for a new classification
Authors: Ngo Jerome , Morren Marie-Anne , Bodemer Christine , Heimann Marianne , Fontaine Jacques
Published: June 2018

Case series summary

Cutaneous mastocytosis is a disorder rarely reported in veterinary dermatology and usually described as ‘urticaria pigmentosa’. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnosis, treatment and outcome of 13 affected cats, selected from the files of a private referral dermatology practice within a period of 14 years. Breeds of the affected individuals included Sphynx (n = 9), Devon Rex (n = 2) and Sphynx/Devon Rex crossbreeds (n = 2). Females (n = 9) were over-represented and the median duration of clinical signs prior to diagnosis was 8 months. The clinical presentation of these 13 cats was compared with cases reported in the veterinary literature and classified according to the current human consensus on cutaneous mastocytosis. Three clinical forms could be distinguished in cats: (1) large papular lesions and wheals, typically localised to the head, shoulders, ventral neck and axillae, and which may spontaneously resolve (termed polymorphic maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis); (2) erythematous dermatitis, characterised by small maculopapular lesions often associated with crusts and with a poorer prognosis (termed monomorphic maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis); and (3) more chronic dermatitis characterised by lichenification and hyperpigmentation, similar to the human condition ‘urticaria pigmentosa’ (termed pigmented maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis). Histopathology was performed in eight cases and revealed a superficial-to-deep dermatitis characterised by infiltrates of mast cells and eosinophils. The response to various treatments, including antihistamines, steroids and ciclosporin, was variable.

Relevance and novel information

This article reports 13 new cases of feline cutaneous mastocytosis, confirming the clinical presentation and apparent breed predisposition. The feline maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis seems to be clinically very close to the human form. This study proposes a new classification system for the feline disease based on the current human consensus, clinical presentation and prognosis, with three different subforms: polymorphic maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis with eventual spontaneous regression; monomorphic maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis with chronic evolution; and pigmented maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis.
Altered lipoprotein profiles in cats with hepatic lipidosis
Authors: Minamoto Tomomi , Walzem Rosemary L , Hamilton Alexandra J , Hill Steve L , Payne Harold R , Lidbury Jonathan A , Suchodolski Jan S , Steiner Jörg M
Published: June 2018

Objectives

The aim of this study was to assess serum lipoprotein profiles using rapid single-spin continuous lipoprotein density profiling (CLPDP) in healthy control cats and cats with hepatic lipidosis (HL).

Methods

Analysis of serum lipoprotein profiles using the CLPDP was performed in 23 cats with HL and 20 healthy control cats. The area under the curve for each lipoprotein fraction, triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), was calculated. Serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were measured using a clinical chemistry analyzer.

Results

Serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were not significantly different between healthy control cats and cats with HL ( P = 0.5075 and P = 0.2541, respectively). LDL content was significantly higher in cats with HL than in healthy control cats ( P = 0.0001), while HDL content was significantly lower in cats with HL than in healthy control cats ( P = 0.0032). TRL content was not significantly different between the two groups ( P = 0.0699). The specific fraction (1.037–1.043 g/ml) within nominal LDL in serum distinguished healthy control cats from cats with HL with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 90%.

Conclusions and relevance

Serum lipoprotein profiles were altered in cats with HL, even though serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were not significantly different compared with healthy control cats. The CLPDP might be a useful tool for assessing lipid metabolism in cats with HL.
Mixed-mode fracture evaluation of aerospace grade honeycomb core sandwich specimens using the Double Cantilever Beam–Uneven Bending Moment test method
Authors: Saseendran Vishnu , Berggreen Christian
Published: June 2018

Fracture testing of aerospace grade honeycomb core sandwich composites is carried out using the Double Cantilever Beam specimen loaded with Uneven Bending Moments, and a Double Cantilever Beam–Uneven Bending Moment test rig capable of applying pure moments is utilized. Specimens with carbon fiber-reinforced plastic face sheets are employed with a range of honeycomb core grades comprising of Nomex® and Kevlar paper. The sandwich specimens are reinforced with steel doublers to reduce excessive rotation of the face sheets. The mode mixity phase angle pertaining to a particular ratio of moments between the two arms of the Double Cantilever Beam specimen is determined using the numerical mode mixity method—Crack Surface Displacement Extrapolation method. For Nomex® honeycomb core sandwich specimens, it is observed that the mode I interface fracture toughness increases with increase in core density. The interface fracture toughnesses for Nomex®-based honeycomb cores are also compared against specimens with Kevlar paper-based honeycomb cores. Crack propagation is observed at the interface just beneath the meniscus layer for the majority of the tested specimen configurations. The Double Cantilever Beam–Uneven Bending Moment test methodology with the concept of direct application of moments on both crack flanks has proven to have a significant potential for mixed mode face/core fracture characterization of aerospace grade sandwich composites.
Simplified springback prediction of thick sandwich panel
Authors: Ouled Ahmed Ben Ali Raja , Chatti Sami
Published: June 2018

Springback is one of the most important design behavior in air-bending processes. The sandwich panel exhibits more complicated bending and springback behavior due to substantial differences in mechanical properties between the foam core and the metallic skin sheet. In this paper, we will not only propose a semi-analytical model in order to easily predict springback in air-bending process of steel/polyurethane/steel sandwich panel, but also we will carry out experiments to measure springback amount. The semi-analytical model results and the experiment findings proved to be in a good agreement. In addition, numerical simulations and experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of punch radius, die opening, and the foam thickness on springback.
Textbook tells: gender, race, and decolonizing Guam history textbooks in the 21st century
Authors: Hattori Anne Perez
Published: June 2018

Many examples from Guam’s historiography demonstrate women’s influence in Chamorro society, ranging from cosmological accounts of a creator goddess to failed legislation in the early 1900s that sought to restrict occupations available to women. This article examines the representation of women, as well as indigenous Chamorros, in the five Guam History textbooks published since 1964. The findings reveal that the textbooks, including those written with a specifically “islander-centered” approach, teach Guam’s history in comprehensive chronologies that privilege men of political and military power. This telling consequently obfuscates the historical agency of any women, particularly Native ones. This article suggests that a move away from the standard political framework commonly found in textbooks would better assure the recognition of women’s contributions to society. Such a reframing of the historical lens could serve as a vehicle toward the decolonization of textbooks.
Automating Installation of the Integrating Biology and the Bedside (i2b2) Platform
Authors: Wagholikar Kavishwar B , Mendis Michael , Dessai Pralav , Sanz Javier , Law Sindy , Gilson Micheal , Sanders Stephan , Vangala Mahesh , Bell Douglas S , Murphy Shawn N
Published: June 2018

Informatics for Integrating Biology and the Bedside (i2b2) is an open source clinical data analytics platform used at more than 150 institutions for querying patient data. An i2b2 installation (called hive) comprises several i2b2 cells that provide different functionalities. Given the complex architecture of i2b2 installation, creating a working installation of the platform is challenging for new users. This is despite the availability of extensive documentation for i2b2 and access to a large and active mailing list community of i2b2 users. To address this problem, we have created an automated installation package, called i2b2-quickstart, which automatically downloads the latest i2b2 source code and dependencies, and compiles and configures the i2b2 cells to create a functional i2b2 hive installation. This package will serve as a convenient starting point and reference implementation that will facilitate researchers in the installation and exploration of the i2b2 platform.
The Payer and Patient Cost Burden of Open Breast Conserving Procedures Following Percutaneous Breast Biopsy
Authors: Kimball Chloe C , Nichols Christine I , Vose Joshua G
Published: June 2018

Objectives:

Percutaneous core-needle biopsy (PCNB) is the standard of care to biopsy and diagnose suspicious breast lesions. Dependent on histology, many patients require additional open procedures for definitive diagnosis and excision. This study estimated the payer and patient out-of-pocket (OOP) costs, and complication risk, among those requiring at least 1 open procedure following PCNB.

Methods:

This retrospective study used the Truven Commercial database (2009-2014). Women who underwent PCNB, with continuous insurance, and no history of cancer, chemotherapy, radiation, or breast surgery in the prior year were included. Open procedures were defined as open biopsy or lumpectomy. Study follow-up ended at chemotherapy, radiation, mastectomy, or 90 days—whichever occurred first.

Results:

In total, 143 771 patients (mean age 48) met selection criteria; 85.1% underwent isolated PCNB, 12.4% one open procedure, and 2.5% re-excision. Incidence of complications was significantly lower among those with PCNB alone (9.2%) vs 1 open procedure (15.6%) or re-excision (25.3%, P < .001). Mean incremental commercial payments were US $13 190 greater among patients with 1 open procedure vs PCNB alone (US $17 125 vs US $3935, P < .001), and US $4767 greater with re-excision (US $21 892) relative to 1 procedure. Mean patient OOP cost was US $858 greater for 1 open procedure vs PCNB alone (US $1527 vs US $669), and US $247 greater for re-excision vs 1 procedure.

Conclusions:

A meaningful proportion of patients underwent open procedure(s) following PCNB which was associated with increased complication risk and costs to both the payer and the patient. These results suggest a need for technologies to reduce the proportion of cases requiring open surgery and, in some cases, re-excision.
Bevacizumab Eligibility in Patients with Metastatic and Recurrent Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Skelton William Paul , Castagno Jacqueline , Cardenas-Goicoechea Joel , Daily Karen , Yeung Anamaria , Markham Merry Jennifer
Published: June 2018

Objective:

Bevacizumab is approved for use in combination with chemotherapy for metastatic/recurrent cervical cancer (CC), with increased survival/response rates. However, use of bevacizumab is not always feasible or safe. The purpose of this study was to identify the percentage of metastatic/recurrent CC patients at our institution who would have been eligible to receive bevacizumab.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted to identify metastatic/recurrent CC patients treated at UFHealth between 2006 and 2016. Chart review was performed to determine if the patient met bevacizumab eligibility criteria.

Results:

In total, 79 patients with metastatic/recurrent CC were identified; 85.5% would have been ineligible to receive bevacizumab, and 14.5% would have been eligible. The most common reason for exclusion was active bleeding (68.4%); 94% of which was vaginal. In all, 27.6% would be excluded due to poor renal function, and 23.7% due to poor performance status (PS).

Conclusions:

Despite improved survival, only 14.5% of metastatic/recurrent CC patients treated over a 10-year period would have been eligible to receive bevacizumab. Most patients would have been excluded due to active bleeding, most commonly vaginal bleeding, a common complication from their disease. Identifying novel therapies for metastatic/recurrent CC patients with improved safety profiles that would allow for their use in this challenging population is critical.
Numerical analysis of the dynamic performance of aerostatic thrust bearings with different restrictors
Authors: Cui Hailong , Wang Yang , Yue Xiaobin , Li Yifei , Jiang Zhengyi
Published: June 2018

This study utilizes a dynamic mesh technology to investigate the dynamic performance of aerostatic thrust bearings with orifice restrictor, multiple restrictors, and porous restrictor. An experiment, which investigates the bearing static load capacity, was carried out to verify the calculation accuracy of dynamic mesh technology. Further, the impact of incentive amplitude, incentive frequency, axial eccentricity ratio, and non-flatness on the bearing dynamic performance was also studied. The results show incentive amplitude effect can be ignored at the condition of amplitude less than 5% film thickness, while the relationship between dynamic characteristics and incentive frequency presented a strong nonlinear relationship in the whole frequency range. The change law of dynamic stiffness and damping coefficient for porous restrictor was quite different from orifice restrictor and multiple restrictors. The bearing dynamic performance increased significantly with the growth of axial eccentricity ratio, and the surface non-flatness enhanced dynamic performance of aerostatic thrust bearings.
α-Linolenic acid is associated with MRI activity in a prospective cohort of multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Bjornevik Kjetil , Myhr Kjell-Morten , Beiske Antonie , Bjerve Kristian S , Holmøy Trygve , Hovdal Harald , Midgard Rune , Riise Trond , Wergeland Stig , Torkildsen Øivind
Published: June 2018

Background:

The plant-based ω-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA) has been associated with lower MS risk. It is currently unknown whether ALA affects disease activity.

Objective:

To investigate the association between ALA levels and disease activity.

Methods:

We conducted a cohort study including 87 multiple sclerosis (MS)-patients who originally participated in a randomized trial of ω-3 fatty acids (the OFAMS study). We measured serum levels of ALA during follow-up and used random intercept logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ALA levels, new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression and new relapses adjusting for age at inclusion, sex, and use of interferon beta-1a.

Results:

In continuous (per 1-SD increase) multivariable-adjusted analyses, higher ALA levels were significantly associated with lower odds of new T2-lesions (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37–0.95) during follow-up. The effect estimates were similar for new T1Gd + lesions (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.48–1.11), EDSS-progression (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.34–1.16) and new relapses (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.22–1.10), but these estimates did not reach statistical significance. Further adjustment for vitamin D and tobacco use did not materially change the results.

Conclusion:

We found that higher levels of ALA were associated with lower disease activity in MS-patients.
Accelerometer-determined physical activity of children during segmented school days: The Shanghai perspective
Authors: Wang Lijuan
Published: June 2018

The two types of school days that are followed in China are physical education and physical exercise days. This study objectively measured the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of children during the recess, lunch break, leisure time, physical education and physical exercise segments of the physical education and physical exercise days. Moreover, this research compared the gender and grade-level differences in MVPA during each segment. A total of 316 children aged 6–13 years (M = 9.28, SD = 1.87) in Grades One to Five from three elementary schools participated in this study. Accelerometers were utilised to measure the MVPA of children. The participants accumulated the most MVPA time during physical education classes, whereas the least MVPA time was recorded during lunch break. The boys were significantly more physically active than girls during recess ( F (1, 316) = 4.449, p = 0.037, η2 = 0.030), lunch break ( F (1, 316) = 4.525, p = 0.035, η2 = 0.030) and leisure time ( F (1, 316) = 4.795, p = 0.030, η2 = 0.032) on physical education days, and during recess ( F (1, 316) = 5.968, p = 0.017, η2 = 0.079) and leisure time ( F (1, 316) = 5.246, p = 0.025, η2 = 0.070) on physical exercise days. Significant grade-level differences in the MVPA time were observed during recess ( F (2, 316) = 20.209, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.219) on physical education days and during physical exercise classes ( F (2, 316) = 3.662, p = 0.031, η2 = 0.095) and recess ( F (2, 316) = 4.326, p = 0.017, η2 = 0.110) on physical exercise days. Children in Grades Two and Three engaged in the most MVPA time during the majority of segments. In conclusion, physical activity interventions during less structured or unstructured segments are recommended. Special attention should likewise be provided to girls and children in Grades One, Four and Five to increase their MVPA.
Remembering who owns the river
Authors: Hastings Gerard
Published: June 2018

We have discovered the elixir of life. For the first time in human existence we now know how we can avoid disease, make our lives healthier and more fulfilled, and even fend off the grim reaper himself (at least for a while). We may not have joined the immortals – many traps and snares continue to prey on us – but we are beginning to learn some of their secrets. Why then are we failing to grasp these heady opportunities? WHO data show that nine out of ten of we Europeans are dying of lifestyle diseases; that is diseases caused by our own choices – self-inflicted diseases. Despite the all too familiar consequences for our bodies, we continue to smoke the tobacco, swallow the junk food and binge on the alcohol that is killing us. Yes, there are systemic drivers at work – commercial marketing, corporate power, inequalities, addiction – but we don’t have to collaborate. No one holds a gun to our heads and commands us to eat burgers or get drunk and incapable. This paper argues that public health progress – and human progress more widely – depends on us solving the conundrum of this self-inflicted harm. The urgency of this task increases when we consider our irresponsible consumption behaviour more widely, and that it is not just harming our own health but everyone else’s too. Most egregiously anthropomorphic climate change is being caused by the free choices we in the wealthy global north make to drive SUVs, go on intercontinental holidays and accumulate a foolish excess of stuff. It need not be so. Historical experience and two millennia of thinking show we are capable of better. We have moral agency and we can make the right choice even when it is the difficult one. Indeed, it is this capacity and desire ‘ to follow after wisdom and virtue’, to rebel against injustice and malignancy, that makes us human and cements our collective identity. In the last century this realisation was focused by the terrible events of the Second World War and resulted in the formation of the United Nations and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Importantly these rights do not just protect us from oppression but enshrine in international law our entitlement to be an active participant in the process of progressive social change.
The next step towards more equity in health in Sweden: how can we close the gap in a generation?
Authors: Lundberg Olle
Published: June 2018

In 2015, a national Commission for Equity in Health was appointed by the Swedish Government. In this paper, some key lines of thought from the three reports published by the Commission are summarised. First, the theories and principles for the Commission’s work are outlined, in particular regarding the views taken on how health inequalities arise. Second, the importance of process is discussed in relation to cross-sectorial efforts to reduce inequalities in health. More specifically, this brings up some of the proposals made for how to redesign the public health policy framework for cross-sectorial work. Third, the proposed content of cross-sectorial work for more equal health is presented in three steps, namely: (1) overarching recommendations, (2) more equal conditions and opportunities, and (3) general problems of governance. Regarding people’s conditions and opportunities, the Commission submitted a number of proposals for the general direction of work that needs to be taken in order to reduce health inequalities, as well as some examples of more specific policy changes or reforms on the basis of each of these general directions, which are summarised here. Finally, some challenges and difficulties that may prevent Sweden from taking the next step towards more equity in health are discussed.
How to apply the evidence-based recommendations for greater health equity into policymaking and action at the local level?
Authors: Van Vliet Jolanda
Published: June 2018

In 2014, the regional commission for equity in health in the Swedish region of Östergötland, the Östgötacommission, presented their scientific report on health inequities and possible explanatory factors in the region as well as evidence-based recommendations to reduce health disparities. The final report with its 66 recommendations was officially approved by politicians across parties in the region. In the next step, out of the 66 recommendations, 10 areas of action were politically prioritized and declared in a common letter of intent signed by representatives from the municipalities and the Region of Östergötland. Now, these evidence-based recommendations and political areas of action are to be applied into policymaking and action at the local level. In this paper, this transferral process is reflected upon with the local example of the Norrköping municipality and their work with social investments. It is suggested to start with follow-up and evaluation of local action from the perspective of proportionate universalism, followed by local processes based on the organization model described here and earlier used at the regional level.
Time to dismiss the idea of a structural fix within government? An analysis of intersectoral action for health in Danish municipalities
Authors: Holt Ditte H. , Carey Gemma , Rod Morten H.
Published: June 2018

Aims: This paper examines the role of organizational structure within government(s) in attempts to implement intersectoral action for health in Danish municipalities. We discuss the implications of structural reorganization and the governance structures that are established in order to ensure coordination and integration between policy sectors. Methods: The paper is based on 49 interviews with civil servants from health and non-health sectors of 10 municipalities. Based on participants’ experiences, cases have been described and analyzed in an iterative process consulting the literature on Health in All Policies and joined-up government. Results: Continuous and frequent processes of reorganizing were widespread in the municipalities. However, they appeared to have little effect on policy change. The two most common governance structures established to transcend organizational boundaries were the central unit and the intersectoral committee. According to the experiences of participants, paradoxically both of these organizational solutions tend to reproduce the organizational problems they are intended to overcome. Even if structural reorganization may succeed in dissolving some sector boundaries, it will inevitably create new ones. Conclusions: It is time to dismiss the idea that intersectoral action for health can be achieved by means of a structural fix. Rather than rearranging organizational boundaries it may be more useful to seek to manage the silos which exist in any organization, e.g. by promoting awareness of their implications for public health action and by enhancing the boundary spanning skills of public health officers.
The relevance of public health research for practice: A 30-year perspective
Authors: Diderichsen Finn
Published: June 2018

The Nordic context where public health responsibility is strongly devolved to municipalities raises specific demands on public health research. The demands for causal inference of disease aetiology and intervention efficacy is not different, but in addition there is a need for population health science that describes local prevalence, distribution and clustering of determinants. Knowledge of what interventions and policies work, for whom and under what conditions is essential, but instead of assuming context independence and demanding high external validity it is important to understand how contextual factors linked to groups and places modify both effects and implementation. More implementation studies are needed, but the infrastructure for that research in terms of theories and instruments for monitoring implementation is needed. Much of this was true also 30 years ago, but with increasing spending on both public health research and practice, the demands are increasing that major improvement of population health and health equity are actually achieved.
Book review: McGovern, M. 2017: A Socialist Peace? Explaining the Absence of War in an African Country
Authors: Cochrane Logan
Published: June 2018

McGovern, M. 2017: A Socialist Peace? Explaining the Absence of War in an African Country. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 249 pp. $30.00 (Paperback). ISBN: 9780226453606.
Research on the lubrication performance of engine piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair considering lubricating oil transport
Authors: Sun Jun , Hao Feifei , Liu Guangsheng , Wang Hu , Teng Qin , Miao Enming , Zhao Xiaoyong , Ren Yanping , Zhu Guixiang
Published: June 2018

In current lubrication analysis of piston skirt, the flooded status is generally considered in the piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair in all strokes of an engine operating cycle. However, the quantity of lubricating oil at the entrance of piston skirt cannot always ensure the sufficient lubrication status of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair when the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center in actual engine. In this article, based on the model of piston secondary motion, fluid lubrication, and lubricating oil flow, the lubrication performance of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair is analyzed, in which the quantity of lubricating oil detained on the surface of cylinder liner after the piston skirt moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center and is considered as the quantity of lubricating oil at entrance of piston skirt when the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. The results show that compared with current analysis, in which the sufficient lubrication of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair is assumed in all strokes of engine, there are remarkable changes for the lubrication performance of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair and the piston secondary motion when the lubrication status of the frictional pair in the upstroke of piston is determined by considering actual lubricating oil transport in the lubrication analysis of piston skirt.
Back pressure effect on three-way catalyst light-off
Authors: Baron Jan H , Cheng Wai K
Published: June 2018

The effect of back pressure on the light-off of a modern spark ignition engine three-way catalyst has been assessed by measuring the hydrocarbon conversion efficiency in a hot flow bench and in the cold-idle period in an engine. In the flow bench experiment, a small amount of propane/air mixture is used as a surrogate for the hydrocarbon mixture. The conversion efficiency is found to be only a function of temperature. The efficiency is independent of pressure, space velocity, and the equivalence ratio of the hydrocarbon mixture for λ ≥ 1. In the engine test, while the engine-out exhaust gas temperature is higher at a higher back pressure, there is little difference between the gas temperatures at the catalyst entrance for different back pressures at retarded spark timing. This observation is attributed to the larger amount of exhaust hydrocarbon conversion oxidation between the engine exit and the catalyst entrance with the lower back pressure. The heat release from this oxidation compensates for the lower engine-out exhaust temperature at the lower back pressure. The catalyst temperature increases modestly and light-off time shortens correspondingly at the higher back pressure. This observation is attributed solely to the increase in mass flow rate (and thus exhaust sensible enthalpy flow rate) of the engine needed to overcome the additional pumping loss due to the throttling of the exhaust. These results have been confirmed with a simple one-dimensional catalyst model.
Track Star + thing power: Be(com)ing in the literacy workshop
Authors: Sherbine Kortney
Published: June 2018

This paper explores the intra-actions between and assemblages among classroom materials, a teacher's chair and a seven-year-old boy during a second grade literacy workshop. I consider the ways in which the relationships between the human and more-than-human produced multiple ways of being and, in particular, new modes of competence for a child whose classroom literacy practices were often considered illegitimate or unremarkable. Drawing on posthumanist and more-than-human philosophies of difference, I suggest that the child's affective relationships with materials and his teacher's willingness to engage in a nomadic pedagogy produced new opportunities for him to experience and demonstrate his literate selves and, subsequently, created a not-yet-experienced and unanticipated sense of belonging.
Assembling placemaking: making and remaking place in a regenerating city
Authors: Sweeney Jill , Mee Kathy , McGuirk Pauline , Ruming Kristian
Published: June 2018

Placemaking is increasingly drawn upon by planners, city authorities and citizens as a means of reclaiming, remaking and regenerating urban space. Yet understandings of placemaking and the work it may entail can vary markedly. Often, planning discourse and placemaking literature conceive of placemaking as a singular material change to a landscape, a project that is complete once installation has finished. In contrast, we see placemaking as an open-ended achievement, constituted through diverse and dynamic assemblages and realised through a multiplicity of post-installation labours. We draw on a case study of Newcastle, Australia, to highlight these labours, the affective, contingent work which brings together the human and non-human, the material and social, and the enduring and ephemeral, to make place. Through three citizen-led placemaking projects in Newcastle, we elucidate the importance of these assembling labours and argue for a more nuanced understanding of placemaking, its multiple and sometimes transient outcomes, and the role diverse placemaking efforts may play in regenerating the city.
Diversity Branding Strategy: Concealing Implicit Stereotypes and Biased Behaviors
Authors: Byrd Marilyn Y.
Published: June 2018

The Problem

From a business perspective, the expression valuing diversity is commonly used as a branding strategy to enhance an organization’s competitive advantage. The problem with diversity branding is its potential to decenter biased behaviors that could actually conceal the detrimental effects of unfair treatment under the banner of valuing difference. Presenting diversity as a utopian state without an ethical and moral concern for the people it represents is a misnomer and is in itself a misrepresentation of value. This article will argue for a more holistic philosophy of diversity that is concerned with the value of people as well as the value diversity brings to an organization’s financial success.

The Solution

Socially responsible leadership and the action efforts of those seated at the strategic planning table are key to reframing a more holistic philosophy for valuing diversity. Human resource development (HRD) professionals are strategically positioned in multiple roles within the organization to participate in matters of diversity and bringing about social change. Diversity intelligence will be discussed as an emerging model for guiding leaders and decision makers toward upholding an antidiscrimination commitment through the integration of business and social justice perspectives of valuing diversity.

The Stakeholders

HRD researchers, practitioners, and educators who are committed to social justice outcomes for marginalized groups in the workplace; and organizational leaders responsible for developing and implementing diversity strategy.
Chilean Television on Shifting Terrain: Movement Toward a Postnetwork Era
Authors: Ashley Jennifer
Published: June 2018

Two events rocked Chilean television in the first half of the 2010s. The first of these was an earthquake in 2010, and the second was the arrival in 2014 of the first Turkish soap opera to the screens of Chilean viewers. In this article, I situate these two events within an historical analysis of Chile’s movement to a postnetwork era. This digital transition has been marked by a much greater transnationalization both in property structure and in the viewing habits of the Chilean public. Although Chile could be considered an outlier in Latin America in terms of its digital access, my analysis emphasizes the importance of highlighting points of individual variation within the region to disaggregate regional-level conclusions regarding the state of “Latin American” television.
Measuring and Manipulating Constitutional Evaluations in the States: Legitimacy Versus Veneration
Authors: Brown Adam R. , Pope Jeremy C.
Published: June 2018

American civil religion places the U.S. Constitution on a pedestal. Although this veneration is well-documented, it is unclear where it originates and why other constitutions do not attract the same reverence. We develop a measure of constitutional respect and conduct a randomized survey experiment testing whether new information can change respondents’ evaluations of their state or national constitutions. We find that people do respond to new information about state constitutions, but not to information about the national document, suggesting that Americans view the U.S. Constitution with the sort of veneration and reverence James Madison advocated, while viewing their state constitutions through a more Jeffersonian lens of legitimacy, one that favors continually revising these constitutions to meet the living generation’s needs.
Gastrocnemius Tear: Incidental Finding During a Venous Doppler Exam
Authors: Nanni Garth S. , Ort Stanley
Published: June 2018

Calf muscle tears are relatively common. They can be identified well as incidental findings using duplex sonography when performing a lower extremity venous Doppler exam. A case is presented of a 43-year-old male patient who underwent a sonogram to diagnose deep vein thrombosis. The exam results demonstrated patent and compressible common femoral, femoral, popliteal, and calf veins without evidence of deep vein thrombosis. As the sonographer was documenting the popliteal fossa, a complex fluid-filled structure within the left gastrocnemius muscle was identified. The diagnosis was reported as a gastrocnemius muscle tear. This case demonstrates a fairly common incidental finding, gastrocnemius muscle tear, when performing a venous Doppler exam.
Estimating Ricochet Hazard Zones at Sea
Authors: Mirshak Ramzi , Beech Talia
Published: June 2018

Naval operators commonly report that when projectiles impact the ocean surface, they ricochet mainly to the right but that some rounds ricochet in wildly unpredictable directions. This observation, which leads to considerable uncertainty with regard to the resulting hazard zone for projectiles fired at sea, seems contradictory to observations from controlled experiments where projectiles with similar incident angles tend to ricochet in a more predictable manner. In this paper, we postulate that the likely cause of the discrepancy is ocean waves. Past work examining the effect of waves on ricochet is extended to model the risk area related to projectile ricochet at sea. Ricochet results from controlled experiments are incorporated into a simple model that combines a two-degree-of-freedom ballistic model and a series of analytically derived wave fields with different amplitudes and directions of travel. For the purposes of demonstration in this paper, data for different .50 calibre projectiles are used to populate the model. The results support the notion that waves have a considerable effect on ricochet hazard zones.
Paradigm Parley: A Framework for the Dialectic Stance
Authors: Cronenberg Stephanie
Published: June 2018

Conceptual stances provide guidance to the mixed methods researcher as he or she makes decisions throughout the research process, including determining the dimensions of integration or levels at which mixing occurs. Only the dialectic conceptual stance specifically encourages mixing at the abstract paradigmatic level. This article outlines four characteristics of the dialectic stance and proposes a four-step analytic framework, Paradigm Parley. Each analytic step is illustrated with data from the author’s dissertation, a music education study investigating the teaching of middle school general music. The Paradigm Parley framework is one possibility for adopting the dialectic stance but requires additional testing by other scholars. Suggestions for implementing the framework or developing alternative analytic frameworks are offered to stimulate future scholarly dialogue.
Pharmacists as immunizers, their pharmacies and immunization services: A survey of Ontario community pharmacists
Authors: Alsabbagh Mhd. Wasem , Wenger Lisa , Raman-Wilms Lalitha , Schneider Eric , Church Dana , Waite Nancy
Published: June 2018

Background:

To improve patient access to the influenza vaccine in Ontario, pharmacists have been authorized to administer the vaccine since 2012. A survey was conducted to describe pharmacist immunizers, their pharmacies and immunization services.

Methods:

Ontario community pharmacists completed an anonymous online survey regarding influenza immunization. Descriptive, comparative and multivariate statistics were used to analyze data on pharmacists’ personal demographics, current workplace characteristics, immunization certification status and past and anticipated experience vaccinating.

Results:

Of the 4307 community pharmacists contacted, 18.4% ( n = 780) completed the survey. Most (81.3%, n = 603) were certified to administer vaccines, with those practising in urban pharmacies twice as likely to be certified compared to pharmacists practising in rural pharmacies (odds ratio = 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 4.01, p = 0.04). In the past influenza season, 70% of pharmacists had administered over 50 vaccines and 37% worked at pharmacies that had administered more than 300 vaccines. Respondent-provided profiles of immunization services described partnerships with public health, a variety of approaches for in-pharmacy and external advertising and patient vaccine access mainly through walk-in.

Discussion:

Ontario community pharmacists demonstrate strong engagement with this expanded scope and there is further capacity for immunization service provision through engaging rural pharmacies, addition of other vaccines and leveraging the positive relationship with public health. Patients and the public benefit from easy access to the service and the additional in-store and external promotion of influenza vaccination that is provided by pharmacists and pharmacies.

Conclusion:

These provincial benchmarking data provide direction for maintaining and expanding community pharmacist-provided influenza immunization.
Expression of PD-L1/PD-L2 is associated with high proliferation index of Ki-67 but not with TP53 overexpression in chondrosarcoma
Authors: Yang Xiao , Zhu Guoxing , Yang Zhengjie , Zeng Ke , Liu Fengxiang , Sun Junying
Published: June 2018

Purpose:

Chondrosarcoma is a malignancy affecting cartilage and is chemo- and radio-resistant. Novel immune checkpoint inhibitors may play a role in treatment; however, expression of programmed cell death ligand 1/2 (PD-L1/PD-L2) in chondrosarcoma is unreported.

Methods:

Chondrosarcoma sections were collected and stained immunohistochemically for PD-L1, PD-L2, Ki-67, and TP53. Clinicopathological parameters were collected and analyzed statistically for associations and correlations. PD-L1/PD-L2 positivity was designated using 1% and 5% cutoffs, respectively.

Results:

A total of 59 chondrosarcoma samples excised between 1997 and 2017 were collected. There were 40 samples assessed as PD-L1-positive and 25 samples as PD-L2-positive. In univariate analysis, PD-L1 positivity was significantly associated with younger age ( P = .001), larger tumor ( P = .025), advanced tumor grade ( P < .001), and recurrence ( P < .001). PD-L1 positivity was not associated with gender, location, serum level of lactate dehydrogenase, or serum level of alkaline phosphatase. PD-L2 positivity was solely significantly associated with younger age ( P = .015). The associations were however insignificant in multivariate analysis. PD-L1 expression was significantly correlated with Ki-67 ( P < .001) and TP53 ( P = .02) expressions. PD-L2 expression was not correlated with either Ki-67 or TP53 expression. When grouped as combined expression (both negative vs. either positive), PD-L1/PD-L2 expression was associated with earlier recurrence ( P < .001), and was negatively correlated with expression of Ki-67 ( P < .001) but not with the expression of TP53.

Conclusion:

PD-L1/PD-L2 is positively expressed in chondrosarcoma and is associated with advanced clinical phenotype. PD-L1/PD-L2 expression is also associated with Ki-67 expression. Our results support the application of immune checkpoint blockade in chondrosarcoma.
Comparative assessment of external and internal thermal insulation for energy conservation of intermittently air-conditioned buildings
Authors: Zhang Xu , Cheng Fei
Published: June 2018

A comparative assessment of external and internal thermal insulation for an intermittently air-conditioned building was performed numerically. The energy consumed for cooling was used to evaluate the exterior wall thermal insulation configurations. This study examined the effect of the building occupancy, the air conditioner operation mode, and the lumped indoor heat gain. The results showed that the external thermal insulation configuration provides better thermal performance than the internal insulation configuration when the building was occupied during the day. When the building was occupied during the night, the internal thermal insulation configuration showed better thermal performance if the air conditioner runs continuously during occupied hours. When the air conditioner runs intermittently by applying building thermal storage, the suitable thermal insulation configuration depended on the lumped indoor heat gain. The determination of the exterior wall insulation configuration should consider three factors: the building occupancy, the air conditioner operation mode, and the lumped indoor heat gain.
The school as a public space for democratic experiences: Formal student participation and its political characteristics
Authors: Andersson Erik
Published: June 2018

School democracy in terms of formal student participation is often expressed through different types of councils. This requires that these forms of political participation function democratically. The article contributes knowledge about the school as a public space and the democratic experiences gained through formal student participation in class and school councils. The article is designed in four steps: (I) the presentation of previous research, (II) the presentation of the pedagogical political participation model used for analysis and discussion, (III) the findings of an empirical case in Sweden, and (IV) theoretical synthetizes using John Dewey’s educational theory. It is argued that the political characteristics of formal student participation are uniform and bound to different types of political participation, such as being informed and heard and a lack of political influence that positions students as political objects for democratic fostering. This raises questions about the consequences of students’ growth of democratic experiences.
The lower bounds of massive memory: Investigating memory for object details after incidental encoding
Authors: Draschkow Dejan , Reinecke Saliha , Cunningham Corbin A , Võ Melissa L-H
Published: June 2018

Visual long-term memory capacity appears massive and detailed when probed explicitly. In the real world, however, memories are usually built from chance encounters. Therefore, we investigated the capacity and detail of incidental memory in a novel encoding task, instructing participants to detect visually distorted objects among intact objects. In a subsequent surprise recognition memory test, lures of a novel category, another exemplar, the same object in a different state, or exactly the same object were presented. Lure recognition performance was above chance, suggesting that incidental encoding resulted in reliable memory formation. Critically, performance for state lures was worse than for exemplars, which was driven by a greater similarity of state as opposed to exemplar foils to the original objects. Our results indicate that incidentally generated visual long-term memory representations of isolated objects are more limited in detail than recently suggested.