bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cuidados paliativos oncológicos em um serviço público de atenção domiciliar
Authors: Pilatti Patrícia , Lagni Verlaine Balzan , Picasso Milene Campanholo , Puma Karen , Mestriner Raquel Jeanty de Seixas , Machado Diani de Oliveira , Mahmud Sati Jaber , Jardim Gislaine dos Santos , Braga Heloisa Arrussul , Blatt Carine Raquel , Zortéa Karine
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil dos pacientes com câncer e em cuidados paliativos e suas demandas referentes ao atendimento multidisciplinar existente em um Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar. Métodos: Estudo transversal com coleta de dados secundários dos pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos atendidos pelo Programa de Atenção Domiciliar do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, no ano de 2013. Aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa sob o número 13.203. Resultados: Foram acompanhados 63 pacientes com diagnóstico de neoplasia. Dentre esses, 71,5% (n=45) estavam em cuidados paliativos. As medianas do tempo de acompanhamento dos pacientes foram de 22 (3-146) dias e do número de visitas realizadas pela equipe foi 6 (1-34). Além das visitas semanais realizadas pelas equipes, os pacientes receberam assistência de nutricionista, fisioterapeuta e assistente social. Considerando as 45 internações, os principais cuidados foram controle da dor, curativos em feridas, controle glicêmico, e antibioticoterapia endovenosa. A principal intercorrência clínica foi a repassagem de cateter nasoenteral (n=5). A alta em condições estáveis de saúde ocorreu em 10 pacientes. Conclusão: O presente estudo permitiu a identificação das principais demandas dos pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos atendidos por um serviço de Atenção Domiciliar. Observa-se na prática deste serviço que a maioria dos pacientes apresentou necessidade de cuidados complexos, mas possíveis de serem realizados no domicílio pela equipe de saúde e/ou cuidador capacitado.
Amplify Your Impact: Marketing Libraries Is a Team Effort
Authors: Cowart Caitlin
Published: June 2017

While some libraries struggle with the whole idea of embracing marketing, and others do it piecemeal off the side of their desks, San Antonio Public Library has dedicated an entire team to their marketing and communications. Read on to see how this unique arrangement works, and for some of the innovative ideas these non-librarians have brought to the library world.—Editors
The Alert Collector: Transgender Culture and Resources
Authors: Bail Jeannie , Craig Ailsa
Published: June 2017

In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of transgender culture, issues, and experiences. In popular culture, trans celebrities such as Laverne Cox, Chaz Bono, and Janet Mock have been a part of this shift, often acting as celebrity spokespeople to increase understanding of trans issues. Even with the greater visibility of trans lives in popular culture, ongoing court battles like G.G. v. Gloucester County School Board (a US case centered on trans students’ rights to use communal bathrooms congruent with their gender) demonstrate the need for greater understanding and acceptance.As co-authors, we have had the privilege of working with materials on loan from the Transgender Archives at the University of Victoria (Canada), the largest transgender archive in the world. This experience, which included collecting comments from library patrons who viewed the collection materials, highlighted for us the role that libraries and archives play in laying the groundwork for increased diversity, awareness, and inclusion related to trans lives, culture, and community. It is not only a matter of meeting the information needs of those who are coming out as transgender, but the wider community of family (spouses, children, parents, etc.), friends, and allies. And, alongside the value of providing information with direct practical application, patrons’ comments underscored how the inclusion of trans resources at the library enriches our cultural imaginary, and creates the space for imagining and living what they have sometimes felt to be “impossible lives.”
Brief Intervention to Change Students’ Attitudes Regarding Library Research
Authors: Black Steve , Krawczyk Ross
Published: June 2017

Many students who would benefit from a reference librarian’s help do not ask for assistance. This study experimentally tests whether having students read a brief passage can shift attitudes. Two hypotheses are experimentally tested: (1) students who read about students’ positive interactions with librarians will express significantly greater comfort to seek help from librarians; (2) students who read positive accounts of students’ efforts to become good researchers will express significantly greater willingness to work at becoming proficient researchers. The two hypotheses were not supported. However, students who read about positive interactions with librarians expressed significantly less confidence in their ability to conduct library research. This unexpected finding suggests that a brief intervention may be an effective way to begin a library instruction session.
Book Review: Effective Difficult Conversations: A Step-by-Step Guide
Authors: Hawthorne Pat
Published: June 2017

“The difference between a minimally successful manager and a truly successful one is the capacity for having effective difficult conversations,” according to Catherine Soehner and Ann Darling (7). In Effective Difficult Conversations, these authors succinctly define difficult conversations, outline key preparation steps, detail how to manage the conversation, explain the need for documentation, and emphasize how to maintain the professional relationship.
Book Review: The One-Shot Library Instruction Survival Guide, 2nd ed.
Authors: Bednar Magen
Published: June 2017

Many instruction librarians face the challenge of teaching information literacy skills successfully and engagingly during one-shot library instruction sessions. In their new edition of The One-Shot Library Instruction Survival Guide, Heidi Buchanan and Beth A. McDonough offer guidance on incorporating ACRL’s Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education (adopted in 2016) into one-shot library instruction sessions.
Book Review: Winning Grants, 2nd ed.
Authors: Goldbach Katie
Published: June 2017

The words “grant writing” are enough to strike fear into the heart of even the most seasoned librarian. The paperwork, the complex requirements, and even the bureaucracy of government funds are enough to dissuade many professionals from even considering applying for a grant. That’s where Winning Grants, authored by Stephanie K. Gerding and Pamela H. MacKellar, steps in to assuage readers’ fears.
Book Review: Encyclopedia of African Colonial Conflicts
Authors: Singleton Brent D.
Published: June 2017

Africa has experienced more than its fair share of warfare and general strife during the past half century. Many of these struggles have their roots in colonialism, which inspired the ethnic division, military tactics, and brutality that characterized subsequent conflicts, even those occurring long after the colonial regimes caved to African independence movements. This encyclopedia covers the major colonial-era wars between Africans and Europeans and/or their allies and proxies, as well as the occasional fight among Europeans. While there are many works concerning colonialism, conflict, and specific wars in Africa, this work is unique in being a reference work dedicated solely to the colonial conflicts.
Book Review: The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia
Authors: Coder Megan
Published: June 2017

Timothy May is a scholar and historian of the Mongol Empire, and currently is the Associate Dean of the College of Arts and Letters at the University of North Georgia. As the editor and main contributing author of the The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia, it is his hope that this reference source “will lay a foundation for further investigation” (xiii). As he explains in the preface, “With an empire the size of the Mongol Empire, invariably something must be omitted. Two volumes are simply not enough to include everything that could be included” (xiii). That being said, May and the eighteen contributors did a remarkable job of addressing the broad and complex subject of Mongolian history from the twelfth through fifteenth centuries, and created an encyclopedia that is all-encompassing and full of very rich and interesting history.
Book Review: People of Color in the United States: Contemporary Issues in Education, Work, Communities, Health, and Immigration
Authors: Moffitt Sally
Published: June 2017

People of Color in the United States: Contemporary Issues in Education, Work, Communities, Health, and Immigration is composed of four separately titled and individually edited volumes that follow a common organizing pattern for sale as a set: Education: K–12 and Higher Education (volume 1), Employment, Housing, Family, and Community (volume 2), Health and Wellness (volume 3), and Immigration and Migration (volume 4). Each volume opens with a listing of its contents. These consist of a “Guide to Related Topics,” a “Preface,” an “Introduction,” “Essays” listed by title in alphabetical order, “Perspectives and Debate” (many of which pose a question that offers a pro and con response), “Recommended Resources,” “About the Editors and Contributors,” and a comprehensive “Index” to all four volumes.
Book Review: Talking Conflict: The Loaded Language of Genocide, Political Violence, Terrorism, and Warfare
Authors: Bartlett Jennifer A.
Published: June 2017

The language used to describe conflict situations, whether military, political, or personal, has the potential to help resolve or escalate. Terms such as “collateral damage,” “ethnic cleansing,” and “final solution” often refer to historical events, but can also be used to condemn or endorse particular points of view in political speeches, the media, and local debate. Euphemisms, oxymorons, propaganda, jargon: all come into play. The nuanced and powerful rhetoric of conflict is the topic of Talking Conflict, an interesting and wide-ranging encyclopedia discussing the impact of linguistics, political science, journalism, and other fields on the language of conflict.
Genetic specification of left–right asymmetry in the diaphragm muscles and their motor innervation
Authors: Charoy Camille , Dinvaut Sarah , Chaix Yohan , Morlé Laurette , Sanyas Isabelle , Bozon Muriel , Kindbeiter Karine , Durand Bénédicte , Skidmore Jennifer M , De Groef Lies , Seki Motoaki , Moons Lieve , Ruhrberg Christiana , Martin James F , Martin Donna M , Falk Julien , Castellani Valerie
Published: June 2017

The diaphragm muscle is essential for breathing in mammals. Its asymmetric elevation during contraction correlates with morphological features suggestive of inherent left–right (L/R) asymmetry. Whether this asymmetry is due to L versus R differences in the muscle or in the phrenic nerve activity is unknown. Here, we have combined the analysis of genetically modified mouse models with transcriptomic analysis to show that both the diaphragm muscle and phrenic nerves have asymmetries, which can be established independently of each other during early embryogenesis in pathway instructed by Nodal, a morphogen that also conveys asymmetry in other organs. We further found that phrenic motoneurons receive an early L/R genetic imprint, with L versus R differences both in Slit/Robo signaling and MMP2 activity and in the contribution of both pathways to establish phrenic nerve asymmetry. Our study therefore demonstrates L–R imprinting of spinal motoneurons and describes how L/R modulation of axon guidance signaling helps to match neural circuit formation to organ asymmetry.
Divide and Conquer (DC) BLAST: fast and easy BLAST execution within HPC environments
Authors: Yim Won Cheol , Cushman John C.
Published: June 2017

Bioinformatics is currently faced with very large-scale data sets that lead to computational jobs, especially sequence similarity searches, that can take absurdly long times to run. For example, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST and BLAST+) suite, which is by far the most widely used tool for rapid similarity searching among nucleic acid or amino acid sequences, is highly central processing unit (CPU) intensive. While the BLAST suite of programs perform searches very rapidly, they have the potential to be accelerated. In recent years, distributed computing environments have become more widely accessible and used due to the increasing availability of high-performance computing (HPC) systems. Therefore, simple solutions for data parallelization are needed to expedite BLAST and other sequence analysis tools. However, existing software for parallel sequence similarity searches often requires extensive computational experience and skill on the part of the user. In order to accelerate BLAST and other sequence analysis tools, Divide and Conquer BLAST (DCBLAST) was developed to perform NCBI BLAST searches within a cluster, grid, or HPC environment by using a query sequence distribution approach. Scaling from one (1) to 256 CPU cores resulted in significant improvements in processing speed. Thus, DCBLAST dramatically accelerates the execution of BLAST searches using a simple, accessible, robust, and parallel approach. DCBLAST works across multiple nodes automatically and it overcomes the speed limitation of single-node BLAST programs. DCBLAST can be used on any HPC system, can take advantage of hundreds of nodes, and has no output limitations. This freely available tool simplifies distributed computation pipelines to facilitate the rapid discovery of sequence similarities between very large data sets.
Subconductance states of mitochondrial chloride channels: implication for functionally‐coupled tetramers
Authors: Tomasek Milan , Misak Anton , Grman Marian , Tomaskova Zuzana
Published: June 2017

Recently, it has been discovered that isoforms of intracellular chloride channels (CLIC) are present in cardiac mitochondria. By reconstituting rat cardiac mitochondrial chloride channels into bilayer lipid membranes, we detected three equally separated subconductance states with conductance increment of 45 pS and < 2% occupancy. The observed rare events of channel decomposition into substates, accompanied by disrupted gating, provide an insight into channel quaternary structure. Our findings suggest that the observed channels work as four functionally coupled subunits with synchronized gating. We discuss the putative connection of channel activity from native mitochondria with the recombinant CLIC channels. However, conclusive evidence is needed to prove this connection.
Early stages in the biogenesis of eukaryotic β‐barrel proteins
Authors: Jores Tobias , Rapaport Doron
Published: June 2017

The endosymbiotic organelles mitochondria and chloroplasts harbour, similarly to their prokaryotic progenitors, β‐barrel proteins in their outer membrane. These proteins are encoded on nuclear DNA, translated on cytosolic ribosomes and imported into their target organelles by a dedicated machinery. Recent studies have provided insights into the import into the organelles and the membrane insertion of these proteins. Although the cytosolic stages of their biogenesis are less well defined, it is speculated that upon their synthesis, chaperones prevent β‐barrel proteins from aggregation and keep them in an import‐competent conformation. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge about the biogenesis of β‐barrel proteins, focusing on the early stages from the translation on cytosolic ribosomes to the recognition on the surface of the organelle.
Comment on “Beyond the SCS‐CN method: A theoretical framework for spatially lumped rainfall‐runoff response” by M. S. Bartlett et al.
Authors: Ogden Fred L. , Hawkins Richard “Pete” , Walter M. Todd , Goodrich David C.
Published: June 2017

Bartlett et al. (2016) performed a re‐interpretation and modification of the space‐time lumped USDA NRCS (formerly SCS) Curve Number (CN) method to extend its applicability to forested watersheds. We believe that the well documented limitations of the CN method severely constrains the applicability of the modifications proposed by Bartlett et al. (2016). This forward‐looking comment urges the research communities in hydrologic science and engineering to consider the CN method as a stepping stone that has outlived its usefulness in research. The CN method fills a narrow niche in certain settings as a parsimonious method having utility as an empirical equation to estimate runoff from a given amount of rainfall, which originated as a static functional form that fits rainfall‐runoff data sets. Sixty five years of use and multiple reinterpretations have not resulted in improved hydrological predictability using the method. We suggest that the research community should move forward by (1) identifying appropriate dynamic hydrological model formulations for different hydro‐geographic settings, (2) specifying needed model capabilities for solving different classes of problems (e.g., flooding, erosion/sedimentation, nutrient transport, water management, etc.) in different hydro‐geographic settings, and (3) expanding data collection and research programs to help ameliorate the so‐called “overparameterization” problem in contemporary modeling. Many decades of advances in geo‐spatial data and processing, computation, and understanding are being squandered on continued focus on the static CN regression method. It is time to truly “move beyond” the Curve Number method.
Multistage 8.2 kyr event revealed through high‐resolution XRF core scanning of Cuban sinkhole sediments
Authors: Peros Matthew , Collins Shawn , G'Meiner Anna Agosta , Reinhardt Eduard , Pupo Felipe Matos
Published: June 2017

We use sediments from a flooded sinkhole (Cenote Jennifer) in northern Cuba to provide new, well‐dated, high‐resolution evidence for the 8.2 kyr event. From ~7600 to 8700 cal yr B.P. the sinkhole contained shallow, low‐salinity water, which supported a marsh dominated by cattail and grass. Peaks in Cl and Br—occurring at 8150, 8200, and 8250 cal yr B.P.—are attributable to increased evaporation due to regional drying associated with the 8.2 kyr event. The three peaks in these elements also closely correspond to the greyscale record from the Cariaco Basin, indicative of increased upwelling in the southern Caribbean Sea at this time, supporting the notion of a multistage 8.2 kyr event. Our work provides new data that help to clarify the initiation, behavior, and impacts of the 8.2 kyr event in the northern tropics.
In‐flight dynamics of volcanic ballistic projectiles
Authors: Taddeucci J. , Alatorre‐Ibargüengoitia M. A. , Cruz‐Vázquez O. , Del Bello E. , Scarlato P. , Ricci T.
Published: June 2017

Centimeter to meter‐sized volcanic ballistic projectiles from explosive eruptions jeopardize people and properties kilometers from the volcano, but they also provide information about the past eruptions. Traditionally, projectile trajectory is modeled using simplified ballistic theory, accounting for gravity and drag forces only and assuming simply shaped projectiles free moving through air. Recently, collisions between projectiles and interactions with plumes are starting to be considered. Besides theory, experimental studies and field mapping have so far dominated volcanic projectile research, with only limited observations. High‐speed, high‐definition imaging now offers a new spatial and temporal scale of observation that we use to illuminate projectile dynamics. In‐flight collisions commonly affect the size, shape, trajectory, and rotation of projectiles according to both projectile nature (ductile bomb versus brittle block) and the location and timing of collisions. These, in turn, are controlled by ejection pulses occurring at the vent. In‐flight tearing and fragmentation characterize large bombs, which often break on landing, both factors concurring to decrease the average grain size of the resulting deposits. Complex rotation and spinning are ubiquitous features of projectiles, and the related Magnus effect may deviate projectile trajectory by tens of degrees. A new relationship is derived, linking projectile velocity and size with the size of the resulting impact crater. Finally, apparent drag coefficient values, obtained for selected projectiles, mostly range from 1 to 7, higher than expected, reflecting complex projectile dynamics. These new perspectives will impact projectile hazard mitigation and the interpretation of projectile deposits from past eruptions, both on Earth and on other planets.
Spatiotemporally Controllable Peptide‐Based Nanoassembly in Single Living Cells for a Biological Self‐Portrait
Authors: Zhao Yuanyuan , Zhang Xu , Li Zhipeng , Huo Shuaidong , Zhang Ke , Gao Juntao , Wang Hao , Liang Xing‐Jie
Published: June 2017

Simultaneous precise localization and activity evaluation of a biomolecule in a single living cell is through an enzyme‐specific signal‐amplification process, which involves the localized, site‐specific self‐assembly, and activation of a presignaling molecule. The inactive presignaling tetraphenylethylene (TPE)‐peptide derivative, TPE‐YpYY, is nondetectable and highly biocompatible and these small molecules rapidly diffuse into living cells. Upon safely arriving at an active site, and accessing the catalytic pocket of an enzyme, TPE‐YpYY immediately and quantitatively accumulates in situ in response to enzymatic activity, forms an enzyme anchor TPE‐YYY nanoassembly, displays aggregation‐induced emission behavior, and finally lights up the active enzyme, indicating its activity, and allowing its status in living cells to be tracked. This simple and direct self‐portrait method can be used to monitor dynamic self‐assembly processes in individual living cells and may provide new insights that reveal undiscovered biological processes and that aid in developing biomedical hybrid devices. In the future, this strategy of molecular design can be further expanded to the noninvasive investigation of other bioactive molecules, thus facilitating quantitative imaging.
Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites for Ultrasensitive Photoactive Switching in Terahertz Metamaterial Devices
Authors: Manjappa Manukumara , Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Solanki Ankur , Kumar Abhishek , Sum Tze Chien , Singh Ranjan
Published: June 2017

The recent meteoric rise in the field of photovoltaics with the discovery of highly efficient solar‐cell devices is inspired by solution‐processed organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites that exhibit unprecedented light‐to‐electricity conversion efficiencies. The stunning performance of perovskites is attributed to their strong photoresponsive properties that are thoroughly utilized in designing excellent perovskite solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, infrared lasers, and ultrafast photodetectors. However, optoelectronic application of halide perovskites in realizing highly efficient subwavelength photonic devices has remained a challenge. Here, the remarkable photoconductivity of organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites is exploited to demonstrate a hybrid perovskite–metamaterial device that shows extremely low power photoswitching of the metamaterial resonances in the terahertz part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Furthermore, a signature of a coupled phonon–metamaterial resonance is observed at higher pump powers, where the Fano resonance amplitude is extremely weak. In addition, a low threshold, dynamic control of the highly confined electric field intensity is also observed in the system, which could tremendously benefit the new generation of subwavelength photonic devices as active sensors, low threshold optically controlled lasers, and active nonlinear devices with enhanced functionalities in the infrared, optical, and the terahertz parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Generalized Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanosheets and Their Application as Li‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: AbdelHamid Ayman A. , Yu Yue , Yang Jinhua , Ying Jackie Y.
Published: June 2017

Metal oxide nanosheets have attracted great attention in various fields, such as energy storage, catalysis, and sensors. Current synthesis methods of metal oxide nanosheets are laborious and not scalable. Herein, a facile and scalable method for the synthesis of metal oxide nanosheets is presented, which requires neither hydro‐/solvothermal conditions nor postsynthesis template removal. The synthesis is versatile, as evidenced by the wide variety of metal oxide nanosheets derived. Nanosheet properties such as crystallinity, crystallite size, and carbon content can be controlled by tuning the synthesis conditions. The metal oxide nanosheets demonstrate promising performance as Li‐ion battery anodes.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Umpolung of Alkynyl 1,2‐Diketones
Authors: Kong Xiangwen , Zhang Guoxiang , Yang Shuang , Liu Xiaozhi , Fang Xinqiang
Published: June 2017

The umpolung of alkynyl 1,2‐diketones via N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis was achieved for the first time, allowing the rapid access to a large variety of synthetically and pharmaceutically important α‐pyrones under very mild conditions. A completely new NHC‐catalyzed umpolung pattern involving an O‐acylated allenolate as the key intermediate was proposed. Moreover, an unprecedented reaction pathway, featured by a series of group migrations and new bond formation, was postulated to demonstrate the formation of the products.

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A novel route for green conversion of cellulose to HMF by cascading enzymatic and chemical reactions
Authors: Zhang Yunlei , Jin Pei , Liu Meng , Pan Jianming , Yan Yongsheng , Chen Yao , Xiong Qingang
Published: June 2017

In this work, a novel route to deconstruct cellulose into 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by cascading enzymatic and chemical reactions is reported. For biocatalyst preparation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated SBA‐15 with appropriate pore size was synthesized and utilized as magnetic scaffolds for the immobilization of cellulase. For chemical catalyst preparation, sulfated zirconium dioxide conformed monolayers were grafted on SBA‐15 template to create thermally robust mesoporous catalysts with tunable solid basic/Lewis acid and Brønsted acid sites. Catalytic performance of biocatalyst and chemical catalyst was explored in the aqueous phase conversion of IL pretreated cellulose to glucose, and in the iPrOH/water solvent conversion of glucose to HMF conversion, respectively. After the optimization of reaction conditions, a sequential conversion of pretreated cellulose to glucose and glucose to HMF was performed, and 43.6% HMF yield can be obtained. The cascaded enzymatic and chemocatalytic reaction system demonstrates an effective and economically friendly process for biomass energy conservation. A novel route for green conversion of IL pretreated cellulose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by cascading an enzymatic catalysis in an aqueous system with chemocatalysis in an iPrOH/water solvent mixture is reported. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2017
Expansion of the phenotype of Kosaki overgrowth syndrome
Authors: Minatogawa Mari , Takenouchi Toshiki , Tsuyusaki Yu , Iwasaki Fuminori , Uehara Tomoko , Kurosawa Kenji , Kosaki Kenjiro , Curry Cynthia J.
Published: June 2017

Skeletal overgrowth is a characteristic of several genetic disorders that are linked to specific molecular signaling cascades. Recently, we established a novel overgrowth syndrome (Kosaki overgrowth syndrome, OMIM #616592) arising from a de novo mutation in PDGFRB, that is, c.1751C>G p.(Pro584Arg). Subsequently, other investigators provided in vitro molecular evidence that this specific mutation in the juxtamembrane domain of PDGFRB causes an overgrowth phenotype and is the first gain‐of‐function point mutation of PDGFRB to be reported in humans. Here, we report the identification of a mutation in PDGFRB, c.1696T>C p.(Trp566Arg), in two unrelated patients with skeletal overgrowth, further confirming the existence of PDGFRB‐related overgrowth syndrome arising from mutations in the juxtamembrane domain of PDGFRB. A review of all four of these patients with an overgrowth phenotype and PDGFRB mutations revealed postnatal skeletal overgrowth, premature aging, cognitive impairment, neurodegeneration, and a prominent connective tissue component to this complex phenotype. From a functional standpoint, hypermorphic mutations in PDGFRB lead to Kosaki overgrowth syndrome, infantile myofibromatosis (OMIM #228550), and Penttinen syndrome (OMIM #601812), whereas hypomorphic mutations lead to idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (OMIM #615007). In conclusion, a specific class of mutations in PDGFRB causes a clinically recognizable syndromic form of skeletal overgrowth.
Ligand‐Free Pd/Cu‐Catalyzed Aminosulfonylation of Aryl Iodides for Direct Sulfonamide Syntheses
Authors: Zhu Haibo , Shen Yajing , Deng Qinyue , Le Zhang‐Gao , Tu Tao
Published: June 2017

A ligand‐free Pd/Cu‐catalyzed aminosulfonylation of aryl iodides has been successfully developed. The protocol provides a straightforward approach to access a broad range of structurally intriguing sulfonamides in one pot, at low catalyst loading from the sulfur dioxide surrogate 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(sulfur oxide) (DABSO) and O‐benzoyl hydroxylamines under mild conditions. Even without additional ligands, the protocol reveals broad substrate scope for both partners and tolerates all kinds of functional groups. Furthermore, the proposed sulfinate intermediate could be critical for this ligand‐free catalytic transformation.
Mechanistic Insight into Nanoparticle Surface Adsorption by Solution NMR Spectroscopy in an Aqueous Gel
Authors: Egner Timothy K. , Naik Pranjali , Nelson Nicholas C. , Slowing Igor I. , Venditti Vincenzo
Published: June 2017

Engineering nanoparticle (NP) functions at the molecular level requires a detailed understanding of the dynamic processes occurring at the NP surface. Herein we show that a combination of dark‐state exchange saturation transfer (DEST) and relaxation dispersion (RD) NMR experiments on gel‐stabilized NP samples enables the accurate determination of the kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption. We used the former approach to describe the interaction of cholic acid (CA) and phenol (PhOH) with ceria NPs with a diameter of approximately 200 nm. Whereas CA formed weak interactions with the NPs, PhOH was tightly bound to the NP surface. Interestingly, we found that the adsorption of PhOH proceeds via an intermediate, weakly bound state in which the small molecule has residual degrees of rotational diffusion. We believe the use of aqueous gels for stabilizing NP samples will increase the applicability of solution NMR methods to the characterization of nanomaterials.
Influence of 2,2′,6,6′‐tetramethyl biphenol‐based anion‐exchange membranes on the diffusion dialysis of hydrochloride acid
Authors: Yue Xi , Wu Wenjun , Chen Guodong , Yang Canrui , Liao Shijun , Li Xiuhua
Published: June 2017

Quaternary ammonium functionalized poly(arylene ether) (QPAE‐Br) membranes based on 2,2′,6,6′‐tetramethyl biphenol for diffusion dialysis (DD) were designed and successfully fabricated via nucleophilic substitution polycondensation, bromination, film casting, and quaternization. The structures, thicknesses, ion‐exchange capacities (IECs), water uptakes, swelling ratios, ion conductivities, and mechanical properties of QPAE‐Br were used to characterize the membranes. The influence of the membrane structures on the DD performances was investigated by DD tests of simulated industrial pickling wastewater (1 mol/L HCl, 0.1 mol/L FeCl2). The DD results show QPAE‐a (IEC = 1.51 mmol/g) as the best DD candidate. Predialysis treatments further improved the DD performances of QPAE‐Br. QPAE‐a exhibited an excellent proton diffusion coefficient (
) of 0.033 m/h and a high separation factor (S) of 95.45 after the predialysis treatment at room temperature; these values were much higher than those of the commercial DF‐120B membrane (0.004 m/h for
and 24.3 for S at 25 °C) and other reported DD membranes. QPAE‐a has great potential for acid recovery via DD. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45333.
Structure and properties of a compatible starch‐PCL composite using p‐phthaloyl chloride‐based prepolymer
Authors: Liu Ting , Koranteng Ernest , Wu Zhengshun , Xiao Wang , Wu Qiangxian
Published: June 2017

Biodegradable composites from starch and hydrophobic polymer usually show poor compatibility. A novel p‐phthaloyl chloride‐based prepolymer (PCP) compatibilizer based on p‐phthaloyl chloride and polycaprolactone (PCL) diol (2000) was synthesized successfully and the chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The PCP compatiblizer was mixed with starch granules to form a coating layer, and then the coated starch granules were melt‐compounded with PCL plastic to prepare compatible starch‐PCL composites with enhanced properties. The structural, mechanical, thermal properties, and water absorption of the composites were then investigated. It was found that the composites containing the PCP compatibilizer showed better interfacial interaction and compatibility between starch and PCL domains compared to the pure starch‐PCL composite, which led to the improved mechanical properties of the composites. The results were attributed to the ester linkage between the PCP compatibilizer and starch as well as the strong physical crosslinking between the PCP compatibilizer and PCL plastic through PCL‐PCL crystallinity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45400.
Remarkable improvement of thermal stability of main‐chain benzoxazine oligomer by incorporating o‐norbornene as terminal functionality
Authors: Zhang Kan , Qiu Jiaming , Li Songjun , Shang Zhikun , Wang Jinyun
Published: June 2017

A new main‐chain benzoxazine oligomer with o‐norbornene functionality as end groups has been designed and synthesized. As compared to traditional main‐chain type benzoxazine polymers, this benzoxazine oligomer with o‐norbornene terminal functionality can undergo further crosslinking polymerization after general ring‐opening polymerization of oxazine rings. Another main‐chain benzoxazine oligomer has also been designed based on the reaction of bisphenol‐A, 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane, paraformaldehyde, and phenol for comparison. The structure of the synthesized oligomers is confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The molecular weight has been determined by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The benzoxazine oligomer containing o‐norbornene functionality can polymerize with multiple polymerization mechanisms rather than the single mechanism common to traditional 1,3‐benzoxazine resins. The polymerization mechanisms are monitored by in situ FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Moreover, the thermoset derived from the benzoxazine oligomer containing o‐norbornene functionality exhibits high thermal stability with the transition temperature of 360 °C and a high Td5 of 404 °C. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45408.
Critical Issues on Kalman Filter with Colored and Correlated System Noises
Authors: Zhou Zebo , Wu Jin , Li Yong , Fu Chen , Fourati Hassen
Published: June 2017

The Kalman filtering (KF) is optimal under the assumption that both process and observation noises are independent white Gaussian noise. However, this assumption is not always satisfied in real‐world navigation campaigns. In this paper, two types of KF methods are investigated, i.e. augmented KF (AKF) and the second moment information based KF (SMIKF) with colored system noises, including process and observation noises. As a popular noise‐whitening method, the principle of AKF is briefly reviewed for dealing with the colored system noises. The SMIKF method is developed for the colored and correlated system noises, which directly compensates for the covariance through stochastic model in the sense of minimum mean square error. To accurately implement the SMIKF, a refined SMIKF is further derived regarding the continuous‐time dynamic model rather than the discrete one. The computational burdens of the proposed SMIKF along with representative methods are analyzed and compared. The simulation results demonstrate the performances of proposed methods.
Validating the social responsiveness scale for adults with autism
Authors: Chan Wai , Smith Leann E. , Hong Jinkuk , Greenberg Jan S. , Mailick Marsha R.
Published: June 2017

The Social Responsiveness Scale [SRS; Constantino & Gruber, 2005] is a widely‐used measure of autism symptoms, but its application for the study of adults with autism spectrum disorders has not been fully evaluated. Using a factor structure consistent with The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., DSM‐V) criteria for autism spectrum disorder [Frazier et al., 2014], the primary purpose of the current study was to establish the validity of the SRS with a sample of adults with autism spectrum disorder (N = 237). Correlational analyses indicated that SRS factors were highly associated with autism symptoms and behavioral measures, indicating concurrent and predictive validity. Multiple regression results demonstrated that SRS factors were differentially related to measures specific to social or behavioral domains, indicating convergent and discriminant validity. Implications for future research are discussed. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1663–1671. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Human Urinary kallidinogenase promotes good recovery in ischemic stroke patients with level 3 hypertension
Authors: Wu Danhong , Lyu Yi , Zhong Ping , Liu Fengdi , Liu Xueyuan
Published: June 2017

Aim

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Human Urinary kallidinogenase (HUK) in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with level 3 hypertension.

Methods

In this retrospective study, from January 2015 to June 2016, 150 consecutive AIS patients were registered in our database. Among them, 47 with level 3 hypertension received either HUK treatment (HUK group, 22 cases) or basic treatment (control group, 25 cases). Basic treatment was administrated on all patients. 0.15 PNA unit of HUK injection plus 100 ml saline in intravenous infusion was performed in the HUK group, with once a day for 14 consecutive days. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores in two groups were analyzed 3 months after the treatment.

Results

No difference was found in the NIHSS scores, age, gender, and comorbidities between two groups before treatment (p > .05). While after treatment, 3‐month mRS score was significantly lower in the HUK group (2.1 ± 1.4 vs. 3.1 ± 1.3, p = .012) and good recovery rate (3‐month mRS score ≤2) in the HUK group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < .05).

Conclusion

HUK is able to promote long‐term recovery for AIS patients with level 3 hypertension remarkably.
Genetic variants of cell cycle pathway genes predict disease‐free survival of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Shun , Yang Tian‐Bo , Nan Yue‐Li , Li An‐Hua , Pan Dong‐Xiang , Xu Yang , Li Shu , Li Ting , Zeng Xiao‐Yun , Qiu Xiao‐Qiang
Published: June 2017

Disruption of the cell cycle pathway has previously been related to development of human cancers. However, associations between genetic variants of cell cycle pathway genes and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the associations between 24 potential functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 16 main cell cycle pathway genes and disease‐free survival (DFS) of 271 HCC patients who had undergone radical surgery resection. We identified two SNPs, i.e., SMAD3 rs11556090 A>G and RBL2 rs3929G>C, that were independently predictive of DFS in an additive genetic model with false‐positive report probability (FPRP) <0.2. The SMAD3 rs11556090G allele was associated with a poorer DFS, compared with the A allele [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.46, 95% confidential interval (95% CI) = 1.13–1.89, P = 0.004]; while the RBL2 rs3929 C allele was associated with a superior DFS, compared with the G allele (HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.57–0.96, P = 0.023). Additionally, patients with an increasing number of unfavorable genotypes (NUGs) of these loci had a significant shorter DFS (Ptrend = 0.0001). Further analysis using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the model including the NUGs and known prognostic clinical variables demonstrated a significant improvement in predicting the 1‐year DFS (P = 0.011). Moreover, the RBL2 rs3929 C allele was significantly associated with increased mRNA expression levels of RBL2 in liver tissue (P = 1.8 × 10−7) and the whole blood (P = 3.9 × 10−14). Our data demonstrated an independent or a joint effect of SMAD3 rs11556090 and RBL2 rs3929 in the cell cycle pathway on DFS of HCC, which need to be validated by large cohort and biological studies.
Protein lysine methyltransferase SMYD3 is involved in tumorigenesis through regulation of HER2 homodimerization
Authors: Yoshioka Yuichiro , Suzuki Takehiro , Matsuo Yo , Tsurita Giichiro , Watanabe Toshiaki , Dohmae Naoshi , Nakamura Yusuke , Hamamoto Ryuji
Published: June 2017

HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase, which is amplified and overexpressed in a subset of human cancers including breast and gastric cancers, and is indicated in its involvement in progression of cancer. Although its specific ligand(s) has not been detected, HER2 homodimerization, which is critical for its activation, is considered to be dependent on its expression levels. Here, we demonstrate a significant role of HER2 methylation by protein lysine methyltransferase SMYD3 in HER2 homodimerization. We found that SMYD3 trimethylates HER2 protein at lysine 175. HER2 homodimerization was enhanced in the presence of SMYD3, and substitution of lysine 175 of HER2 with alanine (HER2‐K175A) reduced the formation of HER2 homodimers. Furthermore, HER2‐K175A revealed lower level of autophosphorylation than wild‐type HER2. We also identified that knockdown of SMYD3 attenuated this autophosphorylation in breast cancer cells. Our results imply that SMYD3‐mediated methylation of HER2 at Lysine 175 may regulate the formation of HER2 homodimer and subsequent autophosphorylation and suggest that the SMYD3‐mediated methylation pathway seems to be a good target for development of novel anti‐cancer therapy.
Switching Futile para‐Quinone to Efficient Reactive Oxygen Species Generator: Ubiquitin‐Specific Protease‐2 Inhibition, Electrocatalysis, and Quantification
Authors: Gopinath Pushparathinam , Mahammed Atif , Eilon‐Shaffer Tal , Nawatha Mickal , Ohayon Shimrit , Shabat Doron , Gross Zeev , Brik Ashraf
Published: June 2017

Understanding the correlation between structural features of small‐molecule drugs and their mode of action is a fascinating topic and crucial for the drug‐discovery process. However, in many cases, knowledge of the exact parameters that dictate the mode of action is still lacking. Following a large screening for ubiquitin specific protease 2 (USP2) inhibition, an effective para‐quinone‐based inhibitor with an unclear mode of action was identified. To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism of inhibition, a set of para‐quinones were prepared and studied for USP2 inhibition, electrocatalysis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification. The excellent correlation obtained from the above‐mentioned studies disclosed a distinct pattern of “N−C=O−N” in the bicyclic para‐quinones to be a crucial factor for ROS generation, and demonstrated that minor changes in such a skeleton drastically altered the ROS‐generating ability. The knowledge acquired herein would serve as an important guideline for future medicinal chemistry optimization of related structures to select the preferred mode of action.
Fabrication of Amine and Zirconia on MCM‐41 as Acid–Base Catalysts for the Fixation of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Saptal Vitthal B. , Nanda Binita , Parida Kulamani M. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: June 2017

Highly porous catalysts based on MCM‐41 with both acidic and basic sites such as ZrO2 as an acid and (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane as a mild base are fabricated and characterized thoroughly by using XRD, SEM, thermogravimetric analysis, temperature‐programmed reduction, desorption, oxidation, BET surface area analysis, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and IR spectroscopy. This catalyst shows a synergistic effect for the activation of epoxide as well as CO2 to synthesize cyclic carbonates. The presence of the free amine functional group activates CO2 by absorption, whereas the presence of Zr metal activates the epoxide ring. The effect of the amine and catalyst loading on the cycloaddition reaction was studied. Additionally, the cycloaddition reaction proceeds under solvent‐free and mild conditions, and the catalysts are recyclable.
Microbubble Formation in a Co‐flowing Liquid in a Microfluidic Chip
Authors: Li Peng , Zhang Hui , Jiang Shengyuan , Qin Hongwei , Ren Yukun , Sun Lixia
Published: June 2017

Microbubble formation from a capillary tube surrounded by a co‐flowing liquid (CFL) in a mechanically assembled microfluidic chip is investigated. The influences of gas pressure and liquid flow rate on the growth and detachment of the target microbubble are studied both experimentally and theoretically. A phenomenological theoretical model which consists of an expansion stage and a detachment stage is proposed based on a previous study to predict the detachment volume and formation time of microbubbles. The detachment distance is investigated experimentally in detail and later applied to the theoretical model. A MATLAB/Simulink simulation model is built for the solution of the proposed theoretical model. Model predictions correlate well with the experimental data in the present study.
Syntheses, Structures, and Solution Studies of Multicomponent Macrocycles and Cages Based on Versatile Ligands
Authors: Zhang Ying‐Ying , Gao Wen‐Xi , Lin Yue‐Jian , Mi Li‐Wei , Jin Guo‐Xin
Published: June 2017

Different types of multinuclear half‐sandwich rhodium macrocycles and cages were designed and synthesized by using two similar multifunctional hydroxamate ligands (pyrazine‐2‐hydroxamic acid (NaHL1) and 4,4′‐bipyridine‐2‐hydroxamic acid (KHL2)) featuring one monodentate site and two pairs of chelating sites. The RhIII–PdII heterometallic macrocycles were constructed by using the semi‐open palladium(II) source [Pd(en)Cl2] with two free acceptor sites. However, only one kind of macrocycle was found when the shorter ligand L1 was used, while in for the larger ligand, various spectroscopic techniques demonstrated the coexistence of hexanuclear and octanuclear macrocycles in solution and the proportions of both components depended on concentration and temperature. The palladium salt Pd(NO3)2, as a source of “naked” Pd2+, was introduced to assemble the cuboid‐shaped cage composed of two types of metal ions and three types of organic ligands. In addition, two silver(I)‐containing mixed‐metal complexes bridged by pyrazine were obtained, in which two forms of decanuclear complex with C2v and C2h point symmetry cocrystallized—one is a polymeric structure and the other is a discrete cage. However, the third form, with D2 point symmetry, was found in the larger cage.