bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local association of Trypanosoma cruzi chronic infection foci and enteric neuropathic lesions at the tissue micro-domain scale
Authors: Khan Archie A. , Langston Harry C. , Costa Fernanda C. , Olmo Francisco , Taylor Martin C. , McCann Conor J. , Kelly John M. , Lewis Michael D.
Published: August 2021

Digestive Chagas disease (DCD) is an enteric neuropathy caused byTrypanosoma cruziinfection. The mechanism of pathogenesis is poorly understood and the lack of a robust, predictive animal model has held back research. We screened a series of mouse models using gastrointestinal tracer assays andin vivoinfection imaging systems to discover a subset exhibiting chronic digestive transit dysfunction and significant retention of faeces in both sated and fasted conditions. The colon was a specific site of both tissue parasite persistence, delayed transit and dramatic loss of myenteric neurons as revealed by whole-mount immunofluorescence analysis. DCD mice therefore recapitulated key clinical manifestations of human disease. We also exploited dual reporter transgenic parasites to home in on locations of rare chronic infection foci in the colon byex vivobioluminescence imaging and then used fluorescence imaging in tissue microdomains to reveal co-localisation of infection and enteric nervous system lesions. This indicates that long-termT.cruzi-host interactions in the colon drive DCD pathogenesis, suggesting that the efficacy of anti-parasitic chemotherapy against chronic disease progression warrants further pre-clinical investigation.
Patrones de género en las prácticas de tortura cometidas por las Fuerzas Armadas de México (2011-2019)
Authors: Sánchez Ruiz Abraham , Mejía Reyes Carlos , Camacho Ruiz Marco Antonio
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo analiza las diferentes experiencias de víctimas de tortura por parte del Ejército de México para observar la relación entre métodos empleados y género. Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias por género respecto a las prácticas de tortura utilizadas. Mientras que los métodos de inmovilización, asfixia, electrificación y mutilación se ejercieron mayoritariamente en hombres, las mujeres sufrieron desnudez, contusiones en los genitales, acoso y violación sexual. Además, padecieron violencia de forma desproporcionada respecto a los hombres.
New phenomena for clinicians, model of Candida albicans mobilization before and after biofilm formation in the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Masfufatun Masfufatun , Raharjo Loo Hariyanto , Wiradinata Harsono , Tania Putu Oky Ari , Ni'matuzahroh Ni'matuzahroh , Baktir Afaf
Published: August 2021

Background and Aim: The virulence and antifungal resistance of Candida albicans are recently known for their ability to form biofilm. This research aimed to construct an in vivo model of C. albicans biofilm in Wistar rats' intestinal mucosa and study their mobilization while in a planktonic and biofilm formation. In this study, there was one treatment group that was treated with three antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and C. albicans.

Materials and Methods: This study was divided into control and treatment groups. The data sampling was conducted after C. albicans inoculation. The C. albicans biofilm formation stage was monitored with colony-forming units method calculation every week post-inoculation and then observed by the confocal laser scanning microscope.

Results: The planktonic C. albicans overgrowth occurred up to 14 days after inoculation. The formation and maturation of C. albicans biofilm in the intestinal mucosa started in the 28th and 35th-day post-inoculation, respectively. The density of planktonic C. albicans in the stool was dramatically decreased on the 35th day. Before the biofilm formation, the planktonic Candida was carried away by food scraps to be released as a stool. However, there were minuscule or no planktonic Candida observed in the stool during and after biofilm formation. Instead, they were attached to the caecum's mucosa as a biofilm.

Conclusion: We have proved that the planktonic C. albicans with its mobile nature were carried into the stool along with the rest of the feed, as we observed a lot of C. albicans cells found in the stool. Meanwhile, on day 28 after administration of antibiotics and immunosuppressants, no C. albicans was found in the stool samples, and at the same time, we observed C. albicans cells and their matrix attached to the intestinal mucosa as a biofilm.
Materi-Materi Pilihan dalam Parenting Education menurut Munif Chatib
Authors: Purnama Sigit
Published: August 2021

This article aims to describe Munif Chatib thinking about materials in parenting education. This type of research is literature that emphasizes the significance of processed philosophically and theoretically used to examine the primary and secondary data sources. The process of data collection is done by reading the symbolic and semantic level, recording the data card, and coding. The data were analyzed descriptively through data reduction, data classification, data display. The analytical method used is Verstehen (understanding). The results showed that: (1) Chatib thoughts about parenting education materials based on the perspective of children and parents. He saw that the child is born it brings nature of goodness, and the development is influenced by genes and environment. Being a parent it is a precious grace of God and a golden opportunity for a good charity. Therefore, do not be afraid to get married and have children. Such views inspired and by integrating various fields of science, namely religion (al-Qur'an-Hadith and sirrah), developmental psychology, child psychology, and recent findings about the brain, nerves, and intelligence. (2) parenting education materials include: changing the paradigm of a child, the child's ability to explore, discover the talent of children, choosing the right school, and became a teacher for children.
Parenting Education sebagai Model Pendidikan Karakter Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Keluarga
Authors: Rohinah Rohinah
Published: August 2021

Character education is an effort that should involve all parties, both the household and the family, the school and the school environment, and the wider community. A child will grow and develop optimally when the basic needs of the children's rights are met. But in reality often violent behavior and discrimination that actually carried out by her own parents. Violent behavior and racial discrimination by parents of children often occurs due to the psychological impact of the workload and the demands of a career outside the home or it could be due to a lack of knowledge about how to educate and assist children in the home. Hence, early childhood institutions "KB Ceria" is located in a residential Pendowo Asri, Village Pendowoharjo, Sewon, Bantul has the attention and concern for the development of character-based early childhood family. This is evidenced by the role that institutions not only provide education for young protege, but also provide education and insight about assistance to parents (parenting education) and then this organization called the Group Meeting with Parents (KPO).
Pendekatan Integrasi-Interkoneksi dalam Pendidikan PAUD
Authors: Muhammad Najamuddin
Published: August 2021

The aim of this article is describing the Integration-interconnection Paradigm and its implementation in early childhood education, as we know early childhood education is very important in laying the foundation of science, morality and spirituality of children. This integration-interconnection paradigm offers an idea to reduce the tension between the religious sciences and other social sciences. This paradigm affirms that any scientific buildings, both religious science, science can’t stand alone, but require cooperation, mutual correction and interconnectivity, this paradigm also helps people in the face of the complexity of human life.
Konsep Pendidikan Inklusif Pada Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Heldanita Heldanita
Published: August 2021

Inclusive education should be started since early childhood. Education is a basic need of every human being, as well as early childhood education that develop the whole potential of the whole child. In addition to laws and regulations that support the implementation of early childhood education, conceptual and scientific studies of child development, have shown their positive values in early education service delivery. It is also to encourage the implementation of inclusive education in early childhood education in early childhood services Inclusion every child deserves a good education services in accordance with the age and development, regardless of the degree, the economic conditions of disorder or mental, physical or social that is owned by a child. The most striking effect and can leave a long impression made at the right time, ie during the critical or sensitive period. Therefore, the need for stimulus is given at an early age can improve all aspects of the development is also based on that view. Delay or omission giving stimulus at the right time will be a negative impact on children's development.
Pendidikan Karakter Guru Raudlatul Athfal (RA) Berbasis Kehidupan Lebah
Authors: Noor Fu`ad Arif
Published: August 2021

Picture (citra) of bees is as being polite and full of manners, discipline in carrying out its role, tenacious in producing quality performance, and has a patriotic spirit Bayangkara. Results as inscriptions engraved (atsar) is honey (honey), which is a bee product that has a very high value. Honey is assumed as a result of the totality of the bees performance. If the teacher is able to learn from the bees, the honey is meaningful as follows: First, teachers are able to create high performance through their competence. Second, the teacher strives to remain on the path to the existing rules (On the track) via implanted in his personal commitment. Third, a means that is believed Networking prowess in realizing the vision and mission as well as private institutions. Fourth, the teacher is able to integrate his mind and heart to produce a sense of fun and love on the job (Enjoy at work) which is mandated to him. And fifth, God willing, capable to be an example (You must be a good model) for the working environment especially in Raudlatul Athfal (RA)
Studi Analisis Manajemen Pengelolaan Kelas di Tempat Penitipan Aanak (TPA) Khadijah Pandegiling Surabaya
Authors: Pangastuti Ratna , Solichah Isnaini
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK

Menghasilkan output pendidikan pada tingkat anak usia dini yang ideal sesuai dengan visi dan misi yang tertuang dalam undang-undang membutuhkan kerjasama dan dukungan segala unsur pendidikan. Faktor keberadaan guru sebagai komponen utama tak bisa dipungkiri, namun diperlukan faktor lain diantaranya pengelolaan kelas yang representatif. Riset ini ingin mengetahui manajemen pengelolaan kelas di TPA Khajidah Pandegiling Surabaya. Dipilihnya TPA ini karena lembaga ini merupakan percontohan di tingkat Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan dan kualitatif dengan jenis field research dan pengambilan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara, dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis mengikuti model Miles and Hubermans. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa TPA Khadijah Pandegiling Surabaya dalam mengelola kelas menggunakan model sentra BCCT, dan setiap minggunya hanya dibuka tiga sentra dari yang seharusnya ada delapan sentra. Tiga sentra tersebut  meliputi sentra balok, alam sekitar dan bermain peran. Jumlah siswa di TPA Khadijah Pandegiling Surabaya sebanyak 30 anak dari usia 2-5 tahun.  Untuk pengaturan kelas telah sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan karakter anak, tentang penataan gambar dan ornamen indoor, ketersediaan pencahayaan melalui kaca jendela sebanyak 6 buah sangat mendukung proses KBM siswa TPA dan kesehatannya. Ruangan dengan ukuran 12mx17m dilengkapi dengan rak-rak berwarna-warni dan meja kursi siswa, ventilasi udara yang lebih mengandalkan pada AC untuk menjaga kesejukan ruangan. Penataan posisi tempat duduk siswa lebih memilih gaya seminar ketika usia kegiatan circle time.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Saintifik di Ra Ar Rafif Kalasan Sleman
Authors: Sumartin Sumartin , Munastiwi Erni
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to knowthescientific-based learning process applied in Raudhatul Athfal (RA).In more detail, the purpose of this research are to describe the management of scientific-based learning process in RA, describes the advantages and disadvantages of scientific-based learning process in RA and describe the impact of scientific-based learning process in RA. Methodology of this reseacrh was qualitative descriptive. The technique of data collecting are through observation, interview, and documentation. The technique of data analysis was through data reduction, data presentation,  verified and  deduced. The validation tests were research triangulation, method, theory and data source. The results show that: (1) the implementation of scientific-based learning process include: activities to observe, ask, explore (collecting information), associates, and communicate (2) the advantages and disadvantages scientific-based learning process can be seen from the pre learning, learning process and learning evaluation activities (3) the impact of this scientific-based learning process can be perceived by the various parties include teachers, students and the general society.
Honouring Dr Alease Brown
Authors: Chirongoma Sophia , Rakoczy Sue
Published: August 2021

This volume is dedicated to honouring the memory of Dr Alease Brown who was the initial lead editor of this special issue before her untimely passing. The impact of her sudden demise and the yawning gap that she left among the members of the Circle is aptly captured in the eulogy prepared by Professor Musa Dube.
Investigating microplastics and potentially toxic elements contamination in canned Tuna, Salmon, and Sardine fishes from Taif markets, KSA
Authors: Hussien Nahed Ahmed , Mohammadein Amaal , Tantawy Ehab M. , Khattab Yassir , Al Malki Jamila S.
Published: August 2021

Microplastics (MPs) have been documented in different foodstuffs and beverages, that could affect human health due to their ingestion. Furthermore, seafood contamination with MPs puts pillars of food availability and utilization at risk. The present study investigates MPs and toxic elements pollution in commercially canned fishes from Taif governorate markets. Seven different canned fishes’ brands were used in the present study from different manufacturer countries and purchased from Taif markets. Tissue samples were digested by 10% of KOH; then, dry filters were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to detect MPs. Filtrates were used to detect any potentially toxic elements by inductively coupled plasma. Different MPs were detected in edible tissue, such as canned Tuna contaminated with nylon, 1,2-polybutadiene, and ethylene vinyl alcohol. Sardines contain ethylene vinyl alcohol and poly(vinyl stearate), but Salmon does not have any MPs. Different elements were present in the selected samples in the decreasing order of Al > Se > Zn and traces of As and Sb. Canned fishes were contaminated with MPs and potentially toxic elements. This contamination could be a warning of the potential health risks with the long-term exposure. Therefore, it is recommended to include micro-, meso-, and even nanoplastics in the guidelines of testing food safety management systems.
Confronting Russia
Authors: Breuning Marijke , Ishiyama John
Published: August 2021

Russia has become increasingly assertive in its foreign relations with surrounding states—especially toward those states that were formerly part of the Soviet Union. Although much attention has been paid to the Russian reassertion in the near abroad, very little work has been done on how the citizens of former Soviet states see their state’s place in the world, particularly relative to Russia. Although Russia may view the former Soviet states as its potential “clients,” there is considerable variation in how the citizens of these states view their role in the world and, by definition, their relationship to Russia. Role theory provides a useful framework for evaluating the reaction of these states to Russia’s reassertion of power. These countries represent opportune cases to examine the evolution of national role conceptions in new states, and how these conceptions are affected by these countries’ relationships with Russia, China, and the West. This article provides an explanation as to why citizens of some states differ from others in their role conceptions. We offer a novel theoretical explanation that accounts for variation in roles, based on each country’s historic relationship with Russia, its emerging relationship with the West and China, and domestic ethnopolitical conditions.
The Nonreader Citizen and the Nation in Rosa Beltrán’sEfectos secundarios(2011)
Authors: Workman Amber
Published: August 2021

Increasing literacy rates and engagement with reading as a cultural practice in Mexico has been the focus of many postrevolutionary programs, yet studies show that few Mexicans choose to read on a regular, voluntary basis. While the image of Mexicans as nonreaders is a common theme in contemporary Mexican literature and popular culture, few studies exist on the topic. This article analyzes representations of the nonreader in Rosa Beltrán’s novel Efectos secundarios (2011) and the relationship of these portrayals to citizenship, cultural policy and management, the cultural industry, and the effects of neoliberalism in twenty-first-century Mexico. While novels such as El último lector (Toscana 2004; The last reader) and advertising, such as that of the Gandhi bookstore chain, depict reading apathy as a personal failure on the part of Mexican citizens and a lack of volition to exercise what might be seen as a civic responsibility, Beltrán’s novel shows Mexican nonreaders as victims of a failed state marked by corruption, impunity, insecurity, and violence, which impede reading as a cultural practice. Because a reading public may be seen as vital for democracy, Beltrán’s novel invites critical engagement with key debates on reading and education policy, the politics of the Mexican publishing industry, and the effects of corruption and violence on the distribution of cultural goods.
Does artificial intelligence have a role in the IVF clinic?
Authors: Chow Darren J X , Wijesinghe Philip , Dholakia Kishan , Dunning Kylie R
Published: August 2021

Lay summary

The success of IVF has remained stagnant for a decade. The focus of a great deal of research is to improve on the current ~30% success rate of IVF. Artificial intelligence (AI), or machines that mimic human intelligence, has been gaining traction for its potential to improve outcomes in medicine, such as cancer diagnosis from medical images. In this commentary, we discuss whether AI has the potential to improve fertility outcomes in the IVF clinic. Based on existing research, we examine the potential of adopting AI within multiple facets of an IVF cycle, including egg/sperm and embryo selection, as well as formulation of an IVF treatment regimen. We discuss both the potential benefits and concerns of the patient and clinician in adopting AI in the clinic. We outline hurdles that need to be overcome prior to implementation. We conclude that AI has an important future in improving IVF success.
Effects of press-forming parameters on the dimensional stability of paperboard trays
Authors: Niini Arvo , Tanninen Panu , Varis Juha , Leminen Ville
Published: August 2021

The dimensional stability of press-formed paperboard trays was investigated during heating and cooling of trays packed with oatmeal. Female mold tool temperature, dwell time, pressing force, and blank holding force were altered in the press-forming of the trays to observe their impacts on the dimensional stability. Dimensional measurements of the trays showed reduced tray width, and the trays exhibited distortions on the tray flange and outer wall. The results showed smaller effects on the tray length, parallel to the machine direction of the material. Improved dimensional stability of the trays was found with a 180 °C female mold tool temperature, a 600-ms dwell time, a 150-kN pressing force, and a 1.44-kN blank holding force. The optimal press-forming parameters were concluded to enhance bonding of the paperboard fibers during the press-forming. The optimization of the press-forming parameters was found necessary to reduce the observed negative response of the material to the challenging environmental conditions in the production of prepared food.
A identidade da educação católica no atual contexto
Authors: Brustolin Leomar Antônio , Koffermann Marcia
Published: August 2021

Este artigo trata da identidade da educação católica diante da pluralidade cultural atual. O artigo traz presente a concepção católica de mundo a partir dos escritos de diversos autores, especialmente Romano Guardini. O texto faz um paralelo entre a concepção católica de mundo e a atual realidade da educação católica, marcada pela competitividade no mercado educacional e pela diversidade de propostas que, por vezes, se distanciam de seu compromisso de catolicidade. O texto aborda a problemática da educação católica a partir de uma visão antropológica centrada na pessoa e apresenta alguns questionamentos básicos que podem servir para um aprofundamento da missão essencial da educação católica enquanto diferencial no contexto da educação. A reflexão aponta para a necessidade de que os ambientes católicos de educação sejam agentes transformadores da sociedade, a partir de uma concepção católica de mundo que dialoga com a realidade e que possibilita a inserção ativa do educador cristão frente às diferentes problemáticas que a sociedade atual apresenta.
Filosofia política e relações internacionais
Authors: Marques Teresa Cristina Schneider , Bustamante João Francisco Cortes
Published: August 2021

---
Negotiating Love and Faith: Interfaith Marriage in Manado, Indonesia
Authors: Bukido Rosdalina , Gunawan Edi , Usup Djamila , Hayat Hayat
Published: August 2021

Interfaith marriages in people's lives have been practised in many areas in Indonesia, even if it's not legally registered. The rule of law in Indonesia does not accommodate interfaith marriages. When interfaith marriage happens, the registration system should follow marriage registration either at the KUA (office of religious affairs) for Muslims or in the Civil Registry office for other religions. This study aims to analyse the practice of interreligious marriage in Manado and how they maintain a good marital relationship between the spouse of different religions. This research employs a qualitative approach by collecting data through interviews with 30 informants who practice interfaith marriages in Manado. The results of this research found that many people in Manado consider interfaith marriage as permissible. They argue that religion is a relationship between humans and God, while marriage is related to human beings. The family of different religions based their relationship on the principle of "Torang Samua Basudara" (we are bound through kinship). Based on this principle, the family avoids using religious symbols in their communication that can cause tension and disrupt harmony among family members. The principle of torang samua basudara is the basis for establishing good communication in the family.
Transforming Hate into Compassion as an Islamic Nonviolent Thought of Bediüzzaman Said Nursi
Authors: Ziaulhaq Mochamad , Sen Hasbi
Published: August 2021

The study of hatred that emerges as human nature can provide an analytical picture of how hatred arises, develops, and turns into humanitarian incidents. With an in-depth, systematic, and genealogical study, it can come up with a panacea for this hatred. The elixir can turn hatred into compassion, violence into nonviolence, and find creative ways to turn conflict into peace; thus, creating a new, better reality. This qualitative research uses a literature study from Risale-i Nur by Bediüzzaman Said Nursi (1877-1960). In this study, Nursi's religious and psychological explanations are compared with religious theories and studies of peace and conflict that are already popular in the Western world. The data in Risale-i Nur were analysed using the Mimesis theoretical framework of the philosophical approach. With this analysis there is the prefiguration stage (Mimesis I) about the background of Said Nursi's life, the configuration stage (Mimesis II) about the story of Said Nursi's traumatic experience, and the transfiguration stage about the emergence of the capacity to handle conflict independently with others using nonviolent ideas creatively, thus creating a new reality (Mimesis III). This new reality is "nonviolent Islam," which transforms conflict nonviolently, overcoming hatred with compassion and forgiveness. This statement is based on the argument that hatred is the root of violence, and Said Nursi can escape the trap of hatred through compassion and forgiveness. This study can contribute ideas to the study of moral philosophy and can also be used as a reference for training modules and sharing experiences to reduce conflict in society or between communities.
Persia, the Land of Shiite Faith: The Migration of Imam Ahl al-Bayt and the Encounter between Two Belief Systems in Persia
Authors: Aliabadi Fatemeh Sadat Alavi , Vasei Sayed Alireza
Published: August 2021

This article attempts to trace the fundamental role of early Persian beliefs, Zoroastrians, to the decision of Ahl al-Bayt’s choice to migrate to Persia (Iran). This research is based on the fact that there are many places for pilgrimage to imams in Iran.  Specifically, this research investigates the similarity of several concepts in both religions, Zoroaster and Islam, regarding the teaching in the principle of God (Ilahiyyah), the principle of life after death (eschatology), and the principle of justice and morals of the religion embraced before Islam in Persia. Several studies have also reported on the distortions, opposition, and the consequences of encountering the two beliefs for the first time between Persian beliefs and Islamic teachings. This study employs a qualitative method with historical analysis and literature study along with relevant information of the study.  This article also uses the theory of migration and identity to see the interconnectedness of religion in the migration context. The results of this study show the factors that the Persians are interested in accepting and understanding the teachings of Islam. Those are: first, the emotional closeness of beliefs and moral values between Muslims and Zoroastrians (Magi); Second, the inclusive nature of Islam; third, the absence of racial, gender, and status discrimination in Islamic teachings. The descendants of imams Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet Muhammad SAW continued the prophet's preaching and the Imams in expanding the spread of Islamic teachings to various regions. During this expansion process, they found Iran as the most secure, and suitable region to accept the presence and teaching of Islam especially the Shiite sect. Therefore, they decided to migrate to Iran, and until now Iran is known as a Shiite country.
Efectos del trabajo de pie en trabajadores del sector sanitario
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Osorio-Vasco Jonathan , Rodríguez Ruíz Yordán
Published: August 2021

Introducción: En el sector sanitario es común la ejecución de actividades de pie; sin embargo, es un tema poco atendido, a pesar de los efectos negativos que se pueden generar en la salud de los trabajadores. Objetivo: Analizar la variación de dolor musculoesqueléticos en las extremidades inferiores y espalda baja, y la variación de volumen en las piernas presentados en trabajadores sanitarios que realizan sus actividades de pie durante una jornada laboral. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal donde se registró la percepción de dolor musculoesquelético de los segmentos corporales: espalda baja y el lado derecho e izquierdo de: muslo-cadera, rodilla, pierna y tobillo-pie y se midió la circunferencia para calcular su volumen de las piernas con la cinta métrica Gulick II a 21 trabajadores del sector sanitario. Los registros y mediciones se realizaron durante la primera y la última hora de una jornada laboral de 8 horas. Resultados: En todos los segmentos corporales la percepción de dolor musculoesquelético y el volumen en ambas piernas aumentó al final de la jornada laboral respecto al inicio. Los segmentos corporales muslo-cadera izquierda, tobillo-pie derecho y el volumen en ambas piernas aumentaron significativamente. Discusión: Los resultados obtenidos son similares a estudios con diseños experimentales, con la diferencia que nuestro estudio se desarrolló en condiciones reales sin control de variables. Conclusiones: Este estudio muestra cómo actividades del sector sanitario ejecutadas durante tiempos prolongados de pie pueden ocasionar en los trabajadores dolor musculoesqueléticos en las extremidades inferiores y la espalda baja, así como un aumento en el volumen de las piernas.
Significado de la comodidad para pacientes crónicos hospitalizados
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín-Colombia, Cardozo García Yadira , Salazar Maya Angela Maria , Escobar Ciro Carmen Liliana
Published: August 2021

Introducción: la comodidad componente de calidad de vida, busca la conservación y recuperación de la salud. El objetivo fue comprender el significado de la comodidad del paciente con enfermedad crónica hospitalizado en Medellín-Colombia. Material y métodos: investigación etnográfica particularista, con 14 participantes, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación. Análisis se realizó con herramientas de la teoría fundamentada, se dio lectura y relectura, codificación de datos, y se generaron categorías/subcategorías hasta la saturación teórica a través del muestreo teórico. Resultados: categorías: Interactuando con otros: El compañero del lado y La muerte de otro. Interactuando con el equipo de salud: Atributos de la atención; y Entre la comodidad e incomodidad con los que atienden. Elementos: comunicación e información. Discusión: la comodidad está dada en parte por la interacción que los pacientes tienen con el equipo de salud, en especial con enfermería. Igual se comprendió lo que generan comodidad e incomodidad en los pacientes. Los atributos personales como la empatía, la competencia profesional y el uso de un lenguaje adecuado son los más nombrados. Igualmente, la información y la comunicación son vitales en la percepción de comodidad. Conclusiones: el significado que los pacientes le atribuyen a la comodidad está dada por la interacción con el equipo de salud, sus atributos personales e información que se brinda sobre su estado y evolución de salud como de los efectos de su tratamiento. Entre los que causan incomodidad: no ser escuchados, la actitud negativa del personal de enfermería, no atender su llamado oportunamente y presenciar la muerte del compañero.
Factors associated with nursing diagnoses in chronic kidney patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors:   University of State of Bahia, Dantas Mercês André Emanuel , Alencar Marinho Christielle Lidianne , Cavalcante Valença Fernandes Flávia Emília , Souza de Santana Carvalho Evanilda , Cañon-Montañez Wilson , Souza da Silva Rudval
Published: August 2021

Introduction: To the care plan, the nurses must use the nursing process and adopt their perspectives, cognitive and documentary, considering the human responses of each chronic kidney disease patient, to define the nursing diagnoses, results, and interventions. This study is aimed to analyze the nursing diagnoses of NANDA-I in chronic renal patients and its association with clinical and sociodemographic variables. Materials and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, performed with chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study population consisted of 177 medical records of chronic kidney disease patients. They were selected in the pre-established period of six months: July to December 2018. It was used the Google Forms® platform to import the data directly to Microsoft Excel® Program by generating an electronic spreadsheet that allowed organizing the data, this was then transcribed to the Stata 14.0 software to perform the statistical analyses. Results: The risk for bleeding diagnosis showed a significant difference with the variable access route (p = 0.02); risk for falls was associated with the variables age, occupation, education (p <0.01) and excessive fluid volume with the variable duration of treatment (p = 0.01). Discussion: In the case of nursing diagnoses, these must be planned and documented based on a standardized nursing language, with NANDA-I. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed the main nursing diagnoses and its association with clinical and sociodemographic variables in chronic renal patients in a Brazilian context. Future research may lead to implement care plans for the most prevalent nursing diagnoses in this type of population.
Care Transitions of Colorectal Cancer Patients from Hospital to Community: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol
Authors:   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Willrich Boell Julia Estela , Flores Trindade Letícia , Bernat Kolankiewicz Adriane Cristina , Cañon-Montañez Wilson , Pituskin Edith , Lorenzini Elisiane
Published: August 2021

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of care transition strategies from hospital-to-community compared to usual care for patients with colorectal cancer to reduce hospital stay, 30-day readmissions, and emergency room visits up to 30 days. Methods: Systematic review and meta‐analysis protocol that followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020162249). We will include studies available in the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL and LILACS with care transition strategies/actions from hospital to community as the primary outcome. Eligible studies will be selected, and data will be combined and synthesized using Review Manager (RevMan 5.4) software. We will combine risk ratios or odds ratios for dichotomous data and mean differences for continuous data using a random effects model. Discussion: This review will contribute to the practice and development of effective and safe care transition strategies from hospital to community for colorectal cancer patients. There is an expectation that this review will provide much needed evidence that effective care transitions could reduce short term hospital readmission, and may thus provide added value in the care of colorectal cancer patients. Conclusion: The results of the review will be used to provide clear recommendations for hospital and primary care management to improve care transitions and, as a result, also improve integration in the healthcare system.
Democracia sem sentimento de república: o SUS nos tempos da Covid-19
Authors: Santos Ronaldo Teodoro , Guimarães Juarez Rocha
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Como se tornou possível a desconstrução da autoridade sanitária do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em plena radicalização da pandemia do novo coronavírus? No presente ensaio, propõe-se a discussão de que essa situação expressa um problema de fundação da própria democracia brasileira, que consiste na afirmação rigorosa de direitos sem a democratização dos fundamentos do poder. Tendo em vista esse marco analítico, sugere-se a compreensão dos processos de financeirização e mercantilização da saúde em sua convergência com os princípios regressivos da judicialização, da comunicação oligopolizada e, mais recentemente, da militarização. Ante os apontamentos, após o golpe de 2016, a desinstituição dos espaços mínimo de construção e disputa da soberania popular deflagram um tempo em que as forças políticas da Reforma Sanitária estão desafiadas a recriar os caminhos de republicanização do poder.
Covid-19 e coordenação federativa no Brasil: consequências da dissonância federal para a resposta à pandemia
Authors: Vieira Fabiola Sulpino , Servo Luciana Mendes Santos
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este ensaio teve por objetivo discutir a trajetória da coordenação federativa no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e a coordenação dos esforços de resposta à pandemia de Covid-19. Para dar suporte à discussão, aborda referencial teórico sobre a relação entre o federalismo e a implementação de políticas públicas, e sobre o desenvolvimento da coordenação federativa no SUS. Também discute decisões recentes do Ministério da Saúde que resultaram na fragilização dos instrumentos de coordenação do sistema. Pondera que a coordenação federal deficiente na resposta à pandemia não se deve à ausência de mecanismos de coordenação federativa do SUS ou ao constrangimento desses mecanismos impostos pelos demais entes da federação. O que se observa é a deliberada fragilização desses instrumentos pelo governo federal. Conclui que a crise sanitária acelerou o processo de distanciamento do Ministério da Saúde do seu papel de dirigente nacional do SUS e explicitou a decisão do governo federal pela inação, relegando ao órgão papel secundário nos esforços de enfrentamento da pandemia, com graves consequências para o acesso da população aos cuidados de saúde, especialmente os intensivos, e para a efetividade das ações no campo da vigilância em saúde.
Covid-19 em uma Região Metropolitana: vulnerabilidade social e políticas públicas em contextos de desigualdades
Authors: Chioro Arthur , Calife Karina , Barros Cláudia Renata dos Santos , Martins Lourdes Conceição , Calvo Marcos , Stanislau Evaldo , Pereira Luiz Amador , Caseiro Marcos
Published: August 2021

RESUMO A Covid-19 chegou rapidamente à periferia das grandes cidades brasileiras, a qual é socialmente mais vulnerável. A baixa capacidade de testagem resulta na adoção de medidas sem informações consistentes sobre o comportamento da doença e interfere na adoção de ações de controle. Objetivou-se estimar a prevalência de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 na população da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista (RMBS) e analisar impactos da vulnerabilidade social e de políticas públicas implementadas em contextos de desigualdades. Estudo de caráter quantitativo, transversal, mediante inquérito sorológico seriado e aplicação de questionário em amostragem populacional estratificada e coleta domiciliar, nos nove municípios da RMBS. Conclui-se que a soroprevalência medida foi de 1,4% na primeira fase, e de 2,2% na segunda; permitindo estimar 15 pessoas infectadas para cada caso notificado na primeira fase, e 10 na seguinte. A letalidade foi recalculada para 0,40% e 0,48% em cada fase, aproximando-se da casuística internacional. Pessoas mais vulneráveis são as mais atingidas pela pandemia, devendo ser consideradas: informalidade no trabalho, baixa renda, cor da pele autorreferida como preta ou parda e informações ambivalentes quanto à prevenção. Os resultados reforçam a importância do isolamento social e da adoção de medidas econômicas e sociais protetivas destinadas às populações vulneráveis.
Caminhos metodológicos de pesquisa participativa que analisa vivências na pandemia de Covid-19 em populações vulneráveis
Authors: Furtado Lumena Almeida Castro , Fegadolli Claudia , Chioro Arthur , Nakano Anderson Kazuo , Silva Cristiane Gonçalves da , Paula Liana de , Souza Luciana Rosa de , Nasser Mariana Arantes
Published: August 2021

RESUMO O objetivo geral do artigo foi compartilhar a investigação em curso que se propõe a analisar as vivências, os processos e os impactos sistêmicos da pandemia de Covid-19 e das medidas e ações realizadas para a sua prevenção, contenção e enfrentamento. O estudo considera as desigualdades nas vivências da pandemia em populações de diferentes territórios vulneráveis. São 14 territórios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo e da Baixada Santista. O delineamento da pesquisa busca qualificar o olhar para a vivência da pandemia em sua complexidade, via produção interdisciplinar do conhecimento, realizada com as populações estudadas. O coletivo de pesquisadores é formado por moradores dos territórios, estudantes e pesquisadores ligados à universidade. Unifica este coletivo o compromisso de produzir conhecimentos científicos socialmente referenciados. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa, em cada território, produzida em conjunto com pesquisadores sociais e organizações coletivas, tem permitido uma reflexão crítica e visibilizado a centralidade das redes construídas pelos atores locais. Esse percurso permite considerar o modo de produzir vida em territórios marcados pela desigualdade e reconhecer seus desafios. Caminhar nesse complexo processo atravessado pela pandemia é o desafio e a riqueza desse estudo.
O isolamento social durante a pandemia do SARS-CoV-2 aumenta ou diminui a poluição sonora no ambiente urbano?
Authors: Abe Guilherme de Matos , Santos Laís Reis , Teles Filho Ricardo Vieira
Published: August 2021

RESUMO A disseminação pandêmica do SARS-CoV-2 por mais de 100 países em todo o mundo fez com que diversos governos decretassem medidas de restrição de mobilidade social conhecidas como ‘isolamento social’. Esse cenário pode ter, como efeito colateral, uma percepção de redução da poluição sonora, que pode ser corroborada pela mensuração do impacto sonoro em ambientes públicos nas cidades submetidas às medidas de isolamento social. Entretanto, há registros de crescimento de queixas às autoridades por poluição sonora advindos de zonas residenciais, o que pode indicar, contrariamente, seu aumento. Considerar essas facetas duais do assunto é importante para qualquer estudo que deseje aprofundar as análises. A poluição sonora e seus efeitos danosos sobre a saúde são de grande relevância no cenário pandêmico atual, pois podem se somar a vários outros estressores que, conjuntamente, ameaçam a saúde mental de populações neste cenário. Este trabalho, baseado em publicações científicas e de imprensa feitas durante o período, analisa e coloca em discussão as diferentes facetas dessa conjuntura que podem influenciar a elaboração de políticas públicas em saúde.
Narcisismo e desamparo: algumas considerações sobre as relações interpessoais na atualidade
Authors: Barbosa Caroline Garpelli , Campos Erico Bruno Viana , Neme Carmen Maria Bueno
Published: August 2021

Resumo Este ensaio objetiva problematizar o fenômeno do narcisismo na atualidade, partindo da hipótese de que as relações interpessoais se configuram pelo desamparo em sua dimensão traumática, e não como abertura à alteridade. Isso se daria assim porque, no atual cenário social, as relações humanas tendem a não oferecer apoio e suporte alteritário para a transformação e o desenvolvimento do sujeito, pois o coloca diante de três ameaças desagregadoras: o vazio solitário, a invasão do outro e a impotência. Na ausência de relações de amparo, o outro aparece como ameaça diante da qual o narcisismo advém como possibilidade de defesa e prevalece em sua forma de narcisismo regenerador.
Infância e Educação Científica: perspectivas para aprendizagem docente
Authors: Voltarelli Monique Aparecida , Lopes Eloisa Assunção de Melo
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo aborda a relação entre a formação de professores e a importância da Educação Científica na Educação Infantil e anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, de forma a trazer indicativos para a aprendizagem inicial docente no trabalho com as crianças. Para tanto se recorreu às narrativas dos estudantes do curso de Pedagogia de uma universidade pública brasileira, que após realizarem visitas a campo para observar a prática pedagógica de professores puderam ampliar as perspectivas acerca do ensino de Ciências atrelado às especificidades da infância. Ficou evidente a necessidade de atividades sensoriais e lúdicas pautadas na experimentação, com visitas e passeios externos como fundamentais para o ensino de Ciências para as crianças, bem como ficou claro que os sentimentos de participação e pertença atrelados à formação cidadã na Educação Científica favorecem a aprendizagem das crianças para desvelar os fenômenos do mundo de forma crítica e reflexiva.
Declarações de Nascidos Vivos: uma avaliação da qualidade das informações em dois municípios da Região Metropolitana de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Figueroa Pedraza Dixis
Published: August 2021

Resumo Introdução As informações sobre estatísticas vitais ressaltam-se por sua importância como subsídios para ações adequadas em diversos setores, tornando relevante avaliar a qualidade delas. Objetivo Descrever a completude e a concordância de variáveis selecionadas da Declaração de Nascidos Vivos (DNV) de crianças hospitalizadas de dois municípios da Região Metropolitana de João Pessoa, com base nos prontuários hospitalares. Método Realizou-se um estudo descritivo considerando menores de 1 ano residentes nos municípios de Cabedelo e Bayeux, nascidos em 2013, hospitalizados no mesmo ano em hospitais públicos pediátricos do estado da Paraíba. Com base nos dados dos prontuários hospitalares, as DNVs foram analisadas em relação à completude e à concordância, segundo o coeficiente Kappa (variáveis categóricas) ou o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (variáveis quantitativas). Resultados Na avaliação das DNVs, a idade gestacional destacou-se por apresentar completude muito ruim e concordância apenas razoável. A quantidade de filhos mortos também foi classificada em concordância razoável. Os problemas na qualidade da informação dessas variáveis inviabilizam seu uso em estudos epidemiológicos e como subsídio para as políticas públicas. Conclusão A completude e a concordância das variáveis analisadas denotaram boa qualidade no preenchimento das DNVs, exceto para a idade gestacional e o número de filhos mortos.
Avaliação da Estratégia Saúde da Família no interior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Gomes Maria Fernanda Pereira , Fracolli Lislaine Aparecida , Reticena Kesley de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Introdução A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) brasileira teve avanço na cobertura assistencial por intermédio da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), experiência ímpar que serve de inspiração para muitos países. Objetivo Avaliar a presença e a extensão dos atributos essenciais e derivados da APS na perspectiva dos profissionais, usuários adultos e cuidadores de usuários crianças que utilizam os serviços da ESF. Método Pesquisa avaliativa de delineamento transversal realizada no período de junho a setembro de 2015 em 21 municípios do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, com 102 profissionais, 629 cuidadores de crianças menores de 2 anos e 690 usuários adultos, com a utilização do instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool. Resultados Os atributos da APS estão presentes nos municípios, porém o Acesso de Primeiro Contato - Acessibilidade na perspectiva dos usuários adultos e profissionais não está presente, pois obteve escores inferiores a 6,6, e na perspectiva dos cuidadores de usuários crianças precisa melhorar sua extensão. É preciso haver mudanças nos aspectos organizacionais da ESF e intensificação da educação permanente para os profissionais, com vistas a garantir, além da alta cobertura populacional, assistência qualificada e presença de todos os atributos no atendimento aos usuários.