bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Isometric, Isotonic Eccentric And Isotonic Concentric Exercises in Pain Management
Authors: Fatima Ishrat , Mustafa Misbah , Irfan Fazal Muhammad , Tariq Afeera , Nadeem Nimra , Nauman Jala Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Aim: To compare the effect of isometrics, isotonic concentric and isotonic eccentric strengthening techniques on patients diagnosed with subacromial impingement syndrome. Methods: The study design used is randomized clinical trial. 36 patients are allocated in 3 groups with 12 patients in each group with age limit from 30-50 years treated for 6 weeks on alternate days with isometrics, isotonic concentric and isotonic eccentric with baseline exercise plan respectively. Each patient received 18 sessions of exercise plan. Intervention plan is divided into 2 phases, with each phase of 3 weeks. Outcome measuring tools used are Numeric Pain Rating Scale(NPRS) to measure pain, Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) to measure muscle strength was assessed at Day 0, Week3, and Week 6. Result: Results are generated by using SPSS 21. Post treatment ONE WAY ANOVA showed no significant difference in reduction of pain assessed by NPRS in GROUP1 treated with isometric exercise plan and GROUP2 & GROUP3 treated with isotonic eccentric and isotonic concentric exercise plan respectively. Post treatment One way anova showed p value .117 which is greater than 0.05. Post treatment ONE WAY ANOVA showed significant difference for strength of all the rotator cuff muscles. Conclusion: Isometric exercise plan conclusively proved to be better as compared to isotonic eccentric and isotonic concentric program in strengthening of patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Keywords: Subacromial Impingement Syndrome, Isometric, Isotonic Eccentric, Isotonic Concentric.
Association of Menstrual Problems and Psycological Stress in Young Medical Students
Authors: Batool Ayesha , Waqas Shoaib , Hassan Zainab , Pervez Maira , Tariq Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Aim: To see if there was a link between menstruation issues and psychological stress among young medical students. Methods: A non-probability convenient sampling method was used to conduct an observational (cross-sectional) study on a sample of 180 university-bound students. Students were assessed for menstrual regularity associating with psychological stress by using Perceived Stress Scale in different universities of Lahore. Results: The study included approximately 92% of females with a regular menstrual cycle and 8% of females with an irregular menstrual cycle.While among irregular menstrual cycles, 5 had high levels of stress, 7 had moderate levels of stress, and 3 had mild levels of stress. The normal menstrual cycle group had 40 females with high levels of stress, 121 females with moderate levels of stress, and four females with low levels of stress. Conclusion: Although fewer students suffered from menstruation difficulties, the majority of them, including those who did not, experienced psychological stress. Keywords: Menstrual disorders, dysmenorrheal, abnormal menstrual cycle, stress
Aplicación de la metodología de Legal Service Design de cara a contextos de derecho público vs. derecho privado
Authors: Flechas Angélica , García Jorge , Escobar Sofía
Published: December 2021

En Háptica hemos tenido la oportunidad de aplicar la metodología de Legal Service Design en espectros muy diversos del sector privado, los cuales involucran entre otros sectores el financiero, farmacéutico, tecnológico y retail. En el desarrollo de varios de estos proyectos, impactamos el sector público desde un rol que buscaba rediseñar la prestación de un servicio legal en un ámbito prevalecientemente privado, pero que tiene directa relación con lo público, como Diseñar documentos legales que requieren de la revisión de una entidad pública o de su uso constante, al ser una entidad de vigilancia de esta organización privada. Por otra parte, también hemos trabajado como consultores de entidades públicas, donde el objetivo ha sido rediseñar servicios y puntos de contacto legales para un contexto público de principio a fin.

De estas experiencias, y al haber tenido la oportunidad de trabajar desde la visión de Legal Service Design en el Diseño de servicios públicos y privados, buscamos comparar ambos contextos con el fin de entender las similitudes y diferencias en la aplicación de la metodología y las herramientas de Diseño legal. Por lo tanto, la idea es que, a partir de la revisión de experiencias concretas, podamos verificar si intervenir un contexto público o privado debería requerir de cambios o adaptaciones considerables en el método.

En el caso en que la respuesta a esta pregunta sea afirmativa, evaluaremos qué cambios estructurales hemos visto necesarios en el método y sus herramientas. En el caso en que sea negativa la respuesta, analizaremos en qué forma los retos de lo público se han adaptado a dichas herramientas y se ha cumplido con los objetivos no solo de Diseño sino también legales de un ecosistema público.
A Case of Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis with Cardiac Insufficiency
Authors: Jeong Ji Eun , Lee So Hee , Kim Young Hyun , Jang Yoon Young , Kim Jin-Kyung
Published: December 2021

Neonatal thyrotoxicosis is rare and most of the cases are secondary to maternal Graves’ disease. It is usually transient, but can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not recognized promptly and treated adequately. Neonates born to mothers treated with antithyroid drugs or those who receive maternal thyroid blocking antibodies may exhibit normal thyroid function or even hypothyroidism at birth. Since there may not be any obvious symptoms of hyperthyroidism at birth, it may be overlooked. Therefore, such neonates should be evaluated properly and monitored regularly to prevent serious complications of hyperthyroidism. We report a case of a 21-day-old male infant who developed thyrotoxicosis with dyspnea, irritability, tachycardia, and cardiac insufficiency. He was born to a mother who was treated for Graves’ disease with antithyroid drugs during pregnancy. We have also discussed the importance of careful examination and monitoring to prevent the development of clinical hyperthyroidism.
Applying Weibull distribution and Low Flow Frequency Curves for minimum flow prediction in an ungagged stream in Connecticut, New England
Authors: Stella Juan M
Published: December 2021

The necessity to conduct hydrological studies for water resources management, infrastructure design and, ecosystems protection can help mitigate flood and drought hazards. Prediction of low flows remains an important task for water management and ecosystems protection that can affect streams during low-flow periods. There have been many approaches to low flow prediction applying either statistical or deterministic methods, but there has not been any successful approach to link low flows between similar watersheds yet. The Fenton, Natchaug and Mount Hope Rivers watersheds are neighbors and are the major streams that discharge into the Mansfield Hollow Lake that belongs to the Thames River watershed, located in Northeast of the State of Connecticut in USA. A study to determine whether and how water withdrawals from the University’s Fenton River water supply wells affect the fisheries habitat of the Fenton River adjacent to the well field was conducted for four years at the beginning of 2002. The Mount Hope River was the only river with a long record of daily discharges available since the year 1940, meanwhile the Fenton and Natchaug River remained ungagged until the year 2006. This research developed and tested two mathematical models for the prediction of minimum discharges in the Fenton and Natchaug Rivers with the discharges available from the Mount Hope River. Yearly Low Flow Duration Curves (LFFC) and Weibull distribution methods were applied to the three rivers to predict the low flows in the Fenton and Natchaug Rivers taking as input the minimum flows and dates in the Mount Hope River. The results found that the Weibull distribution model showed a much better accuracy than the Low Flow Duration Curve method for the prediction of low flows discharges in the Fenton and Natchaug Rivers.
Invasive Melanoma: The Treatment-Resistant Skin Cancer with the Deadly Reputation
Authors: Smith David John Mackay
Published: December 2021

Although melanoma accounts for less than a tenth of all skin cancers, it is responsible for three quarters of skin cancer deaths. It has a more aggressive nature, tendency to metastasise and is more resistant to anti-cancer therapies than non-melanoma skin cancer. The more common skin malignancies arise from the epidermal keratinocytes but the melanoma arises from the melanocyte, sitting on the dermo-epidermal junction. The difference is the neural crest origin of the melanocyte. Cells of neural crest origin are characterised by being heterogeneous, multipotent, mobile, having a high degree of plasticity and, in development and disease able to demonstrate epidermal to mesenchymal transition. The evolutionary deployment of the neural crest cells allowed early chordate species to transform from thin sessile filter feeders into the more mobile, active, and predatory vertebrates, demonstrating adaptation to a wider range of environmental niches. Mature cells of neural crest origin can also, in certain circumstances, be induced to revert to a precursor, stem cell-like state to access plasticity and immune-modulation. These characteristics can be manipulated to the advantage of the melanoma cell mass to increase tumour invasiveness and progression.
Análisis de asociación genética en pacientes con insuficiencia venosa crónica y enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de una población de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Naranjo-Gonzalez Carlos A. , Arrubla-Estrada Estefanny , Cardona-Arrubla Daniela , Posada Leidy J. , Campo-Nieto Omer , Bedoya-Berrio Gabriel , Parra-Marin María V.
Published: December 2021

Los desórdenes venosos crónicos (DVC) constituyen cualquier anormalidad funcional y morfológica del sistema venoso. Estos son actualmente una problemática de salud pública a nivel mundial, debido a su alta prevalencia sobre el riesgo cardiovascular. Los DVC más frecuentes, son la insuficiencia venosa crónica (IVC) y la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica (EAOC). Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de variantes génicas involucradas en la insuficiencia venosa crónica (IVC) y la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica (EAOC) en una población de Antioquia. Materiales y métodos: se genotipificaron 237 muestras para 11variantes en los genes AGT (M235T),
AGTR1, ACE, ADRAB1, ITGB3, ATP2B1, PEAR1, PTGS1 y PTGS2 y de 30 AIMs. Se evaluó la asociación de los polimorfismos y sus interacciones y de la composición genética ancestral con la insuficiencia venosa crónica y la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica. Resultados: El gen PTGS2 (COX2) polimorfismo rs20417 OR en el modelo codominante de 0,22 (p=0,016) y en el modelo dominante 0,29 (p=0.01) para la clasificación C345 proporciona protección e igualmente para la clasificación A0 con un OR en el modelo codominante de 0,44 (p=0,01). Conclusión: Se encontró una tendencia de asociación a riesgo del genotipo AA en el marcador rs11743425 del gen ADRA1B para el fenotipo C0 y una asociación significativa con protección de los genotipos G/C-G/G en el marcador rs20417 del gen COX2 para los fenotipos C345, al igual que una asociación a protección de los genotipos GC-GG en el marcador rs20417 del gen COX2 para el fenotipo A0 y del genotipo CC en el marcador rs5918 en el gen GPIIIa para los fenotipos A2345.
Reseña de Imagen: Dicotomía del humano
Authors: Gómez Giovan F.
Published: December 2021

Reseña de Imagen: Dicotomía del humano
De regie weer in handen
Authors: Van Keulen Margo
Published: December 2021

Nadat hij een epileptische aanval in het zwembad kreeg, is Floris zo angstig geworden voor een nieuwe aanval dat hij niet meer naar school wil. Traumabehandeling heeft geen effect gehad. In deze bijdrage wordt beschreven hoe dramatherapie de jongen helpt controle te krijgen over zijn angsten. Angst voor een aanval is dan niet meer abstract, maar wordt omgezet in een concrete verbeelding door middel van spel.
Epilepsiezorg in China
Authors: Ossenblok Pauly
Published: December 2021

Mijn eerste indruk bij een bezoek aan een epilepsiecentrum in China was dat er geen groot verschil is met de epilepsiezorg in Nederland. Professionals zijn goed opgeleid, zijn up to date met betrekking tot de laatste ontwikkelingen in de epilepsiezorg en zijn bereid om net als in Nederland ‘alles uit de kast te halen’ om hun patiënten zo goed mogelijk te helpen. Als je echter de kans krijgt om ‘achter de deur’ van de epilepsiekliniek te kijken blijken er toch grote verschillen te zijn.
Zelfmanagement Interventie Leven met Epilepsie
Authors: Van Heugten Caroline
Published: December 2021

Op 7 september 2018 promoveerde Loes Leenen aan de Universiteit Maastricht op haar proefschrift Self-management in epilepsy: The goal is: ‘Live with a Z(s)mile1. In dit onderzoek is de Zelfmanagement Interventie Leven met Epilepsie (ZMILE) ontwikkeld en op bruikbaarheid geëvalueerd vanuit het perspectief van de doelgroep en professionals (procesevaluatie). Behalve de klinische effectiviteit van het interventieprogramma werd ook de kosteneffectiviteit (effectevaluatie) onderzocht.
CACNA1D-mutatie veroorzaakt epilepsie, autisme en een verstandelijke beperking
Authors: Stunnenberg Bas , Ebus Saskia , Arends Johan , Van Erp Gerard
Published: December 2021

Met de komst van nieuwe DNA-technieken zoals whole-exome sequencing neemt kennis over de genetische basis van ziekten zoals epilepsie snel toe. De interpretatie van genetische data is in de praktijk echter vaak complex. De hierbeschreven casus toont hoe een nieuwe genmutatie na jaren een nieuw licht kan werpen op de diagnostiek en behandeling van een patiënt met een calciumkanalopathie.
3D-multimodale beeldintegratie bij invasieve diagnostiek en behandeling van focale epilepsie
Authors: Van Klink Nicole , Leijten Frans
Published: December 2021

In deze bijdrage worden twee casussen gepresenteerd, waarbij 3D-multimodale modellen zijn gemaakt voor focuslokalisatie. Op basis van preoperatieve beeldvorming met onder andere PET en MEG werden subdurale elektrodengrids geplaatst. Uit het resultaat blijkt dat 3D-multimodale beeldintegratie bijdraagt aan een meer gerichte implantatiestrategie van de subdurale grids en in samenhang daarmee aan een grotere kans op een succesvolle operatie.
Implementasi Strategi Card Sort Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar PAI Pada Materi Meraih Kesuksesan Dengan Optimis, Ikhtiar dan Tawakal
Authors: Kuswara Yoyoh , Mulyasa.E  , Aryani.D
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, pendukung dan penghambat Penerapan strategi card sort untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar pendidikan agama Islam pada materi mencapai keberhasilan dengan analisis optimisme, usaha dan kepercayaan Penelitian deskriptif analisis di kelas IX A SMP Negeri 1 Rancakalong Kabupaten Sumedang. Metode yang digunakan peneliti adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pembelajaran PAI K-13 telah disusun oleh pemerintah dimana guru PAI hanya melaksanakannya. Pelaksanaan materi pembelajaran PAI untuk mencapai keberhasilan dengan optimisme, usaha dan kepercayaan menggunakan pendekatan saintifik dengan strategi card sort untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Adapun faktor pendukung penerapan strategi sortir kartu dalam pembelajaran PAI materi perawatan jenazah di SMP Negeri 1 Rancakalong Kabupaten Sumedang antara lain: guru, siswa, lingkungan belajar dan fasilitas untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah dengan mengandalkan strategi dan metode pembelajaran yang lebih fokus pada sistem hafalan sehingga motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa menjadi rendah. Penggunaan strategi card sort dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa menjadi baik.
Perspektif Sistem Pendidikan Menurut Penyelenggara dan Pendukungnya: Negara, Pemerintah Pusat dan Daerah, Organisasi Profesional, Orang Tua Siswa dan Masyarakat Serta Organisasi Swasta
Authors: Feriyanto Erwin
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesadaran akan hak dan tanggung jawab sebagian dari masyarakat dan pihak swasta. Perspektif Sistem Pendidikan menurut penyelenggara dan Pendukungnya : Negara, Pemerintah Pusat dan Daerah, Organisasi Profesional, Orang tua, Masyrakat dan Organisasi Swasta berdasarkan fakta, kebijakan, teori dan falsafah, membuktikan bahwa implementasi UU No. 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, khususnya dalam pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban penyelenggara pendidikan harus ada kerja sama dan ijtihad lillahi ta’ala. Untuk mewujudkan kesungguhan implementasi masyarakat sebagai mitra pemerintah di dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan nasional perlu diciptakan suatu kondisi timbal balik yang benar-benar terjalin dengan baik, atas dasar kedudukan yang sama (equal status), serta dilandasi oleh jiwa pengabdian dan perolehan manfaat bersama (mutual benefit oriented). Pengamatan sepintas menunjukkan, bahwa berbagai bentuk peran serta masyarakat telah dilakukan, namun masih banyak terdapat pula bentuk-bentuk lainnya yang belum dijamah, yang kemungkinan besar dikarenakan antara lain: (1) kurang adanya informasi mengenai berbagai bentuk yang bisa diperani; (2) kurang adanya informasi mengenai tata cara untuk berpartisipasi; (3) belum adanya pelembagaan yang jelas; (4) adanya bentuk-bentuk yang tidak diminati, di samping kemungkinan adanya kurang.
IMPLEMENTASI USAHA SOSIAL (SOCIAL ENTERPRISE) DI SMP JUARA BANDUNG
Authors: Sobirin Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Free school is the hope of all parents. In fact free school is not really free. Teachers are still paid, uniforms and books are still purchased, activities still require funds, and even building rentals are not free. At the beginning of its establishment, SMP Juara Bandung made its education services free for all its students, because it received financial support from its main donor, namely the National Amil Zakat Institution (Laznas) Rumah Zakat. Because the implementation of 19 sekolah juara throughout Indonesia is a permanent burden for Rumah Zakat and this is operationally challenging, the transformation of sekolah juara is needed to realize sustainable education for SMP Juara Bandung. The transformation takes a social enterprise approach which generally consists of three qualifications, namely embedded, integrated, and external. SMP Juara Bandung applies the first qualification in the implementation of its social enterprise, namely the social enterprise qualification embedded in the form of cross-subsidies between paid general students and free scholarship students from the poor. This study aims to dig deeper into the key to the successful implementation of social enterprises at SMP Juara Bandung, the obstacles faced, the challenges after implementation, and the steps to duplicate the success of the implementation. This research is a descriptive type using a case study approach, so that a lot of information and data are obtained to answer the research objectives above. The results of the study stated that the implementation of social enterprises at SMP Juara Bandung was successful and could be duplicated in similar schools that would carry out the transformation to maintain sustainable education in their schools.
Data Mining and Application of Decision Tree Modelling on Electrochemical Data Used for Damaged Starch Detection
Authors: YILDIRIM Nilüfer , TAPAN Alper
Published: December 2021

In this study, unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques, principal component analysis and classification tree modelling which could be improved with additional input variables were applied on iodine oxidation voltammetric data in order to determine routes and extract information about the electrochemical conditions leading to different damaged starch ratios in flour. For this purpose a database of 3542 observations which was normalized and filtered from outliers was used. It was seen that although it was almost impossible to generalize information or determine correlations from voltammetric data at different conditions, principal component analysis indicate that on platinum electrode UCD values of 16.5 mostly seen at high potentials, optimized decision tree indicate that the impact of variables on UCD values can be ordered as current density > potential > electrode type > KI concentration and give routes to UCD values with high class membership leaf nodes. Therefore machine learning with decision tree modelling could open perspectives for practical and fast prediction of damaged starch ratio which would help food industry to speed up and economize costs for analysis in flour.
Optimum size and shape of plots based on data from a uniformity trial on Indian Mustard in Haryana
Authors: KHAN MUJAHID , HASIJA R. C. , TANWAR NITIN
Published: December 2021

The most obvious use of uniformity trial data is to provide information on the most suitable size and shape of plots, in which the field was planted to a single variety and harvested as small plots. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cultivar RH-749 was grown using uniform crop improvement practices during rabi season of 2013-14 at Research Farm of Oilseed section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana state, India, to estimate optimum plot size and shape using yield data of the 48 m × 48 m (2304 basic units) recorded separately from each basic unit of 1 m × 1 m. The variability among plots of different sizes and shapes was determined by calculating coefficient of variation. It was observed that the coefficient of variation decreases as the plot size increases in case of both the directions i.e., when plots were elongated in N-S direction (88 per cent decrease) or elongated in E-W direction         (93 per cent decrease). Further it was observed that long and narrow plots elongated in E-W direction were more useful than the compact and square plots in controlling the soil heterogeneity. Based on the maximum curvature method the optimum plot size for yield trial was estimated to be 5 m2 with rectangular shape.
Stream flow trends in up and midstream of Kirindi Oya river basin in Sri Lanka and its linkages to rainfall
Authors: ABEYSINGHA N. S. , JAYASEKARA J. M. N. S. , MEEGASTENNA T. J.
Published: December 2021

Trend analysis of hydro-climatic variables provide useful information for effective planning, designing and management of water resources and agricultural production. Trends in observed stream flow at upstream and midstream gauging stations (GS), Wellawaya, Thanamalwila & rainfall and temperature in the Kirindi Oya river basin were assessed using the Mann-Kendall, Modified Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope. Average rainfalls for the two catchments and for the entire basin were computed using ‘Thessen polygon’ method. The relationships between trends in stream flow and catchment rainfall were studied by Spearman’s Rho correlation coefficient .
 
Five year Moving averaged Standardize Anomalies (FMSA) of both annual stream flow and rainfall at Wellawaya and Thanamalwila catchments were in a non-significant (p < 0.05) decreasing trend for 1994 to 2010.Though there was a positive correlation between annual catchment rainfall and stream flow of these two catchments, correlation was significant (p < 0.05) only at Thanamalwila (0.69) suggesting that the variation of annual stream flow at Thanamalwila GS was mainly attributed to the variation of catchment rainfall. However, variation of stream flow during North East Monsoon (NEM) season was mainly attributed to the variation of respective catchment rainfall of both the catchments as evident by significant higher ‘p’ at  Wellawaya (0.61) and Thanamalwila (0.69). This study also found that trend of FMSA of South West Monsoon (SWM) rain was significantly (p < 0.05) decreasing for the entire basin, Thanamalwila and Wellawaya  sub-catchments. Stream flow at Wellawaya GS during SWM was also found to be significantly decreasing while Thanamalwila stream flow was non-significantly decreasing. Both rainfall and stream flow during First Inter Monsoon (FIM) was in a significant increasing trend particularly in the month of April. These observed trends during SWM and FIM suggest an apparent early onset of SWM in the basin, or drastic deviation in receiving rain during SWM in the Kirindi Oya river basin.
Impact of Diwali firework emissions on air quality of New Delhi, India during 2013-2015
Authors: PESHIN SUNIL KUMAR , SINHA PRIYANKA , BISHT AMIT
Published: December 2021

Diwali is one of the major and most important festivals celebrated all over India which falls in the period late October to early November every year. It is associated with burning of firecrackers especially during the night of Diwali day that leads to degradation of air quality that lasts for a longer duration of time. Firecrackers on burning releases huge amount of trace gases such as NOx, CO, SO2 and O3 and huge amount of aerosols and particulate matter. The present study focuses on the influence of firecrackers  emissions on surface ozone(O3) ,oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5)concentration over the capital urban metropolis of India, New Delhi during Diwali festivity period from 2013-2015. A sharp increase is observed in surface ozone, NOx and particulate matter concentration during the Diwali day as compared to control day for 2013 to 2015 which is mainly attributed to burning of firecrackers. However the average concentration levels of the  gaseous pollutants and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) on Diwali day exhibited a decline in 2015 and 2014 as compared to 2013 due to increase in  awareness campaigns among public and increased cost of firecrackers.
Variation of temperature and rainfall at Patna
Authors: SINGH VIVEKANAND , SINGH ANSHUMAN
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the variation of temperature and rainfall at Patna are analysed using simple non-parametric tests. The trends in the annual maximum and minimum daily temperatures, annual rainfall, annual maximum daily rainfall, number of rainy days in a year, the annual average rainfall per rainy day and the ratio of maximum to average rainfall per rainy day at Patna have been examined. Tends in total monthly rainfall, Highest daily rainfall in a month and number of rainy days in a month have also been determined for every month in a year. The monthly trends of data using simple Mann-Kendall test indicated statistically significant changes in rainfall pattern for the city.
Spatial analysis of rainfall variability and rainfed rice crop using GIS Technique in West Bengal (India)
Authors: SINGH P. K. , RATHORE L. S. , RAO D. V. BHASKAR , SINGH K. K. , Baxla A. K. , BHAN S. C. , GUPTA AKHIESH , SINGH SOMPAL
Published: December 2021

The rainfed areas receive mean annual precipitation in range of 500-1500 mm with high degree of variability and are beset with problems of mid-season drought and associated impacts on the crop productivity. In this paper, analysis of weekly, monthly, annual rainfall and weekly rainfall probabilities in relation to crop productivity has been carried out for all the stations of the study area in West Bengal where rain-fed agriculture is predominant.  However, duration of dry spells and its probabilities, climatic derivatives like commencement and cessation of rainy season, length of growing period (LGP) and estimates of water balance parameters have been carried out, in respect of all blocks in the identified three districts in West Bengal. The mean productivity during kharif season indicated that, highest productivity values of 3 to 3.5 t/ha are noticed in the block of central districts of Burdwan, Bankura, Birbhum, Hoogly districts.  Perhaps, irrigation facilities in these districts might have helped in arriving at such high productivity rates.  Low productivity of 1 to 1.5 t/ha have been noticed in two to three blocks of South 24-Paraganas and in Jalpaiguri districts. The productivity levels of northern districts, viz., Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, West Dinajpur, South 24-Paranagas vary from 1.5 to 2.0 t/ha. The lowest productivity of 11.28 q /ha in Jaldha and 14.89 q /ha in Manbazar in 1996 can be due to heavy rainfall conditions in June and again in August. The mean productivity pattern of rice crop during kharif season in identified districts was analyzed with respect to occurrence of number of dry spells at different growth stages and average MAI values. The productivity was also related to monthly rainfall (July) and correlations have been mentioned for Jaldha block (0.22) and Manbazar block (0.64). The highest productivity of 2-3 t/ha are recorded in hot sub-humid to humid regions of West Bengal where LGP vary from 150 to 200 days. From the study of the probability of dry and wet spells and MAI during different crop phenophases, the most vulnerable phases can be identified in each region.
Verification of operational rainfall forecast over eastern India during southwest monsoon season
Authors: DEBNATH G. C. , DAS G. K.
Published: December 2021

The Indian summer monsoon rainfall forecast and its verification has a direct impact on various sectors of public interest besides economy of the country. The present study highlights the verification of distribution forecast of synoptic method issued daily for six met subdivisions, comprising of five states of eastern India namely West Bengal, Sikkim, Bihar, Jharkhand and Odisha. Three years monsoon season rainfall data from 2011 through 2013 are used for the study area. The distribution-oriented verification is done for different rainfall classes like dry, isolated, scattered, fairly widespread and widespread to understand the usefulness of the synoptic method. Statistics are presented for both combined classes of Percentage Correct (PC) and Heidke Skill Score (HSS) of the met subdivision wise forecast and PC, POD and CSI for individual classes. It has been observed that among the met subdivision the efficiency of the method is highest in Sub Himalayan West Bengal (SHWB) & Sikkim followed by Gangetic West Bengal (GWB), Odisha, Jharkhand and Bihar.
Kontribusi Sikap dan Gaya Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Rijal Syamsu
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex post facto yang bertujuan menyelidiki kontribusi antara variabel sikap dan gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar kognitif biologi siswa SMA Negeri 1 Ajangale Kabupaten Bone. Instrumen penelitian adalah: (1) Angket, yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data sikap, dan gaya belajar siswa, (2) Dokumentasi, digunakan untuk memperoleh nilai hasil belajar kognitif biologi. Pengumpulan data sikap dan gaya belajar siswa dilakukan melalui pemberian angket (kuesioner) kepada siswa. Data hasil belajar kognitif siswa diperoleh dari nilai ulangan semester. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik inferensial dengan uji korelasi produck moment, regresi sederhana dan berganda serta dibantu dengan software SPSS 20.0 for windows, dilakukan pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 (p<0,05). Sebelum uji di atas, dilakukan uji prasyarat atau uji asumsi yang meliputi uji normalitas dan linearitas data. Uji normalitas menggunakan uji One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Hasil dari penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: (i) Terdapat kontribusi yang positif sikap siswa terhadap hasil belajar kognitif Biologi, dengan nilai sebesar 38,6%, (ii) Terdapat kontribusi yang positif gaya belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar kognitif Biologi, dengan nilai sebesar 33,3%, (iii) Terdapat kontribusi yang positif sikap, dan gaya belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar kognitif Biologi di SMA Negeri 1 Ajangale Kabupaten Bone.
A Comparative Study of the Influence of Aquaous 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol And Ethanol on the Structural Organization, the Kinetic and Thermodynamic Properties of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Intermolecular Complex Formation
Authors: Lomzov Aleksandr , Ivanova Kseniya , Pyshnaya Inna , Dmitrienko Elena , Pyshnyi Dmitriy
Published: December 2021

A comparative study of the structural organization, thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the oligodeoxynucleotides complexes formation in the presence of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and ethanol in aqueous solution (volume fraction of alcohol 0 to 50 %) was performed. No significant changes in the circular dichroism spectra of oligonucleotides and their complexes at the adding of 50 % v/v alcohol into a solution, was observed, and they retain the profile typical for B-form DNA. The study of the thermal stability of DNA duplexes showed that the increase in the volume fraction of ethanol in the aqueous solution up to 50 % results in a linear decrease in the melting temperature of the intermolecular DNA complexes. In the case of the 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol we observed atypical dependence of thermal stability of DNA duplexes on the fraction of the fluorine-containing co-solvent. Increasing the alcohol fraction from 0 to 20% v/v led to a linear decrease of the melting point of the complex. A further increase in the volume fraction of alcohol (up to 50 %) did not change the thermal stability of the duplexes. It was shown, that the destabilizing effect of the two co-solvents is due to the increase of the dissociation rate constant of the complex and has mainly entropic nature. On the example of oligonucleotides complexes of 8, 12, 15 and 20 base pairs length the possibility of prediction DNA duplexes thermal stability was shown. A model taking into account the change of a number solvent molecules interacting with nucleic acids at the duplex formation in aqueous ethanol (50 % v/v) or trifluoroethanol (20 % v/v) was applied. An accuracy of melting temperature prediction was 1.3 and 0.6 degrees. Using this model, we found that the addition of alcohols in solution leads to an increase in the number of water molecules that bind to a complementary pair of nucleotides at the formation of intermolecular complex (in the presence of ethanol or trifluoroethanol 0.51 ± 0.09 and 1.33 ± 0.12, respectively). At the same time, alcohols interacted with single-stranded oligonucleotides and double-stranded in the same way
Measurement of Temperature Distribution on Mineral Surface During Argon-Argon Laser Step Heating Dating
Authors: Alekseev Daniil , Travin Alexey
Published: December 2021

New pyrometric method of temperature distribution measurement on surface of natural mineral during laser 40Ar/39Ar dating has been devised. Peculiarity of this method is that it is relatively simple and does not require in availability of information about under test object absorption ability. It is very important during measurement of temperature distribution on surface of natural mineral. Proposed method includes forming of two digital pictures of sample in one frequency only, using of proposed method in conventional laser complexes intended for 40Ar/39Ar dating does not require large additional technical expense. Special program on the basis of platform Framework 4.0 has been devised for data processing automatization. Temperature field in several geological samples has been researched using method proposed. Data obtained indicates that temperature distribution in some of the samples during laser stepwise dating is sufficiently heterogeneous. Nonuniformity of temperature distribution can result in appearance do not taking into account inaccuracy in age value, that larger of analytical inaccuracy in few time. Thus, data obtained indicates that control of temperature distribution homogeneity during laser 40Ar/39Ar stepwise dating is necessary condition of accuracy dating result
Flow Stucture of Supersonic Underexpanded Jet With Microjets Injection
Authors: Gubanov Dmitriy , Zapryagaev Valeriy , Kiselev Nikolay
Published: December 2021

Experimental and numerical study of transversal microjets injection influence on the supersonic underexpanded jet flow structure has been performed. Data of measurements and calculation have acceptable agreement. Interaction of microjets with main supersonic jet sets to a decrease of an initial gasdynamic region. Microjets lead to a longitudinal streamwise vortices generation and a mushroom-like flow structures create on an external jet mixing layer. Dissipation of longitudinal streamwise vortices was observed at the second jet cell. Complex gasdynamic flow structure of the supersonic underexpanded jet interacting with supersonic microjets has been studied for the first time. This structure contains system of complex chock waves and expansion waves spreading from the position of the impact microjets/main jet localization place. Future of interaction process a chock-wave structure of main jet with additional shock waves has been studied
Electron Density of Paracetamol Metastable Polymorph, Topologycal H-Bonds Analysis
Authors: Druzhbin Dmitriy , Drebushchak Tatyana , Boldyreva Elena
Published: December 2021

The experimental electron density of paracetamol metastable polymorph (orthorhombic, Pbca) was derived from highresolution X-ray diffraction at 100 K. The multipole model was used to refine electron density and for experimental analysis of the features of the critical points for orthorhombic modification. Geometrical H-bonds features were obtained from spherical and multipole models. The current study provides topological H-bonds analysis in orthorhombic paracetamol compared with stable monoclinic paracetamol polymorphs in normal conditions
Effect of Terahertz Laser Irradiation on Erythrocyte Aggregation in Healthy Blood
Authors: Munzarova Alina , Zelentsov Evgeny , Kozlov Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

The study is devoted to a topical field of research – the interaction of terahertz radiation with biological structures. This paper examines the impact of the Novosibirsk terahertz free electron laser on the aggregation and morphology of red blood cells of prepared blood samples in vitro. The aim of this study was to determine the safe action of the laser radiation on red blood cells and the identification of specific effects that arise in the erythrocytes under the action of terahertz radiation and lead to non-destructive disaggregation of individual cells of erythrocytes. The methodology of sample preparation of the objects, obtaining and analyzing micrographs based on the classification of red blood cells and particles model colloidal system of the area into classes corresponding to the individual and aggregate particles, was developed. Found that 5sec exposure of 200 mkl sample of red blood cells by the terahertz radiation with wavelength of 130–146 mm and an average power density of 8–10 W/cm2 does not lead to visible changes in cell morphology and the number of aggregated particles. The exposure of more than 25 seconds can lead to lysis of erythrocytes. When exposed for 10–15 sec the average number of erythrocytes in the aggregates is reduced by 10–15 % in some cases – up to 80 %
Effectiveness Investigation of Multijet Burner with Different Inlet Gas at Diffusion Combustion
Authors: Shmakov Andrey , Chernov Anatoliy , Knyazkov Denis , Korobeinichev Oleg , Kozlov Viktor , Litvinenko Yuriy , Katasonov Mikhail , Grek Genrich
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the given work consists in an experimental study of the efficiency of a multi-jet burner with various of the gas admission at diffusion combustion. For description of the methane flame parameters at the diffusion combustion the hot - wire measurements were carried out. The main studies were carried out in ICKC of the SB RAS and the hot-wire measurements were carried out in ITAM of the SB RAS
Investigation of Formation and Development of Stationary and Secondary Disturbances in the Favourable Pressure Gradient Area on the Swept Wing
Authors: Tolkachev Stepan , Gorev Vasily , Kozlov Viktor
Published: December 2021

In this work the combined technique of liquid-crystal thermography and thermoanemometry measurements is used to trace the stationary disturbance development from the moment of formation to the nonlinear stage transition. It has been shown that the pair of stationary vortices are formed after the cylindrical roughness element. These vortices modify a boundary layer and destabilize it. There is the area of maximal receptivity to the roughness location, which in the experiment was distant from the attachment line. If the stationary disturbance has enough magnitude in its core the secondary disturbances excite and lead to the laminar-turbulent transition. Secondary disturbances are sensitive to the acoustics and achieve the magnitude in hundred times higher than for the natural case
Dependence of Critical Diameter of Emulsion Explosive on Density in Steel Confinement
Authors: Rafeichik Sergey
Published: December 2021

Emulsion explosives (EMX) based on fine emulsion matrix are characterized by high detonation ability. Critical diameter (as minimum diameter when detonation occurs) and reaction zone length are known in the case of thin confinement with low acoustic impedance. The dependence of critical diameter of EMX in steel confinement with high acoustic impedance was examined in the range of initial density 0,75–1,37 g/cm3 . Density was varied by the concentration of glass microballoons, which were used as the sensitizer. It was shown experimentally, that characteristic value is /2 1 cr R d a  in the case of strong confinement. This can be due to the decrease of detonation front curvature. Comparison was made between the values of critical diameter in weak and strong confinement. The main distinction is that such dependence in strong confinement is lower and almost monotonic. This can indicate the influence of some processes besides lateral rarefaction wave. Period of reaction is closely connected with critical diameter and reaction zone length. Model based on heterogeneous kinetic of heating of emulsion surrounding single microballoon was proposed to describe the experimental dependence of the reaction zone time of EMX on concentration of microballons
Statistical Theory of the SASE Fel Based on the Two-Particle Correlation Function Equation
Authors: Shevchenko Oleg , Vinokurov Nikolay
Published: December 2021

The startup from noise problem in SASE FELs is usually treated in linear approximation. In this case amplification of initial density fluctuations may be calculated, and averaging over initial conditions may be fulfilled explicitly. In general nonlinear case the direct averaging is not applicable. During last years we developed the approach based on the BBGKY hierarchy for the n-particle distribution functions. The interaction of particles in FEL is retarded. Nevertheless, using special time-coordinate transformation, it is possible to eliminate the interaction lag and then to write down the BBGKY equations. Similar to plasma physics, the equations may be truncated after the second one (for the two-particle correlation function). Using this approach we consider several particular cases which illustrate some peculiar features of the SASE FEL operation
On the Effect of the Incident Mach’s Wave on the Pulsation Level in Boundary Layer of the Plane Delta Wing
Authors: Vaganov Aleksandr , Yermolaev Yuri , Kolosov Gleb , Kosinov Aleksandr , Panina Aleksandra , Semionov Nikolay
Published: December 2021

The experimental results of high level fluctuation excitation by external Mach’s wave in the boundary layer of delta wing model with blunt leading edges at Mach numbers M = 2, 2.5, 4 are presented. The exitation areas and mass flow pulsation levels in the conditions of subsonic, sonic and supersonic leading edges have been defined. It was found that the maximum value of the pulsations is 12–15 % and varies only slightly from the flow conditions around of the delta wing
About the Use Maxwell Equations in Numerical Simulation of Interaction of Laser Radiation with Materials
Authors: Galev Roman , Kovalev Oleg
Published: December 2021

The following problems have formulated using Maxwell equations. These are problems of the propagation and absorption of laser radiation with respect to the modeling of processes of laser materials processing: cutting, welding, drilling metals, selective laser melting and sintering of powders. With elements of parallel computing the algorithm for numerical solution of Maxwell’s equations has been implemented in FORTRAN by Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD). Features of posing of a number of boundary conditions have been studied applied to the problems of laser interaction in isotropic media
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the First Instability Mode Development in Supersonic Boundary Layers on Porous Coatings
Authors: Gaponov Sergey , Yermolaev Yuri , Kosinov Aleksandr , Lysenko Vladimir , Semionov Nikolay , Smorodsky Boris
Published: December 2021

In the present study we have performed combined theoretical and experimental investigation of the surface permeability influence on the linear stability of the supersonic flat-plate boundary layer at free-stream Mach number M = 2. Good quantitative agreement was obtained between the data calculated by the linear theory of stability and the data obtained in experiments with artificially generated disturbances performed on models with various porous inserts. It is shown that increase of the permeable surface pore size leads to the destabilization of the first instability modes propagating under arbitrary angles in the boundary layer
Laminar Boundary Layer Separation Affected by a Local Temperature Perturbation
Authors: Boiko Andrey , Dovgal Aleksandr , Sorokin Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

Backward-facing step flow with laminar boundary layer separation forced by a local stationary temperature disturbance was experimentally investigated. The results of the study were obtained in quiet wind-tunnel conditions at low subsonic flow velocity. To generate the temperature perturbation, the test model was equipped with a Peltier element placed flush with the wall before the line of separation. At first, the hot-wire technique was adapted to examine the flow with temperature gradients; then, the velocity characteristics were determined making clear the effects of heat transfer on boundary layer separation
Calculation Method of Diffraction from Ordered Nanoparticle Assemblies
Authors: Yatsenko Dmitriy , Tsybulya Sergey
Published: December 2021

Systems with an ordered (quasiordered) packing of nanosized particles or a regular arrangement of pores are specific objects of research for diffraction methods. Such organized systems (nanostructures) are often characterized by diffraction effects in the form of additional diffraction peaks depending on the type of packing. At research of the structured samples it is important to determine the nanostructure parameters and characteristics associated with the shape and sizes of the particles or pores. Approaches will be considered below, allow to determine the parameters of nanostructures from the diffraction data
Experimental Studies of the Localized Disturbances and their Secondary High-Frequency Instability in the Flat Plate, Unswept and Swept Wing Boundary Layer (Review)
Authors: Kozlov Viktor , Grek Genrich , Litvinenko Yuriy , Tolkachev Stepan , Chernoray Valeriy
Published: December 2021

Results of experimental studies of the streaky structures instability at nonlinear stage of this process in the shear flows are shown in this work. Flow patterns of the streaky structures with secondary high-frequency disturbances generated on them during its spatial evolution are discussed. Different scenarios of the coherent vortical structures occurrence and downstream evolution in the flat plate, unswept and swept wing boundary layer are considered. Features of the sinusoidal and varicose instability of the longitudinal stationary streaky structure at nonlinear stage of its downstream development are shown. To these features concern: modulation of streaky structure in transverse and streamwise direction by frequency of secondary disturbances, occurrence of new streaky structures downstream and occurrence and development of the nonstationary localized vortices such as Λ-structures in both cases. Development of a nonlinear stage of flow instability is considered both in the region of the adverse and zero pressure gradient