bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSONIFICATION OF STUDENTS INDEPENDENT WORK ON THE FORMATION OF THE ABILITY TO SOLVE COMPUTATIONAL PROBLEMS ON THE BASIS OF AUTOMATED TRAINING AND DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
Authors: Pak N. I. , Asaulenko E. V.
Published: November 2018

The relevance of the study under consideration is due to the need to increase the efficiency of students independent work in solving computational problems. A theoretical rationale is proposed and the practical implementation of an automated training and diagnostic system for the formation of skills to solve problems according to the “white box” model is described. The leading idea of the study is the construction of mental schemes for a given topic, which allow to visualize the dynamics of changes in the learner’s level of ability to solve computational problems. The methods of accounting for forgetting educational information and methods of personalized selection of tasks are substantiated. The site for self-management of user independent work is available at the link: http://msbx.ru. The materials of the article are of practical value for teachers who use e-learning tools in the educational process.
THE FEATURES OF ORGANIZING BLENDED LEARNING USING LMS MOODLE
Authors: Karmanova E. V.
Published: November 2018

The technology of blended learning is one of the modern trends in education both in the world and in Russia. The article explores the various possibilities of blended learning technology. As a means of implementing online learning, it is proposed to use LMS Moodle, which is widely used among educational organizations. The categorization of the main elements of Moodle from the perspective of the organization of pedagogical control, forms of presentation of teaching materials is presented. Examples of the use of basic resources and elements of Moodle in the educational process are given. The interactive properties of individual elements those allow you to more effectively implement online learning in blended learning technology are revealed. An approach is proposed to understand the essence of blended learning technology as a technology that allows to activate a student’s activities in the framework of full-time education by using online training and transferring (from full-time education) those activities that students are able to implement in the absence of a teacher.
USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE ACQUAINTANCE OF STUDENTS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL WITH THE THEME "SET"
Authors: Kirichek K. A. , Maliataki V. V. , Olenev A. A.
Published: November 2018

The article describes the continuity in teaching the elements of the set theory on the levels of preschool, primary general and basic general education. The relevance of studying the theme "Set" is grounded. The result of the analysis of educational and methodical literature on this theme is described, showing that in the basic school at the proper level neither the definifions nor the ideas of the set theory are stated, which entails the students' difficulties in mastering this theme. In this regard, to improve the efficiency of the study, it is proposed to use the Maplet-applications developed by us using Maplets library of the system of computer algebra Maple: "Union of two sets", "Intersection of two sets", "Difference of two sets", "Symmetric difference of two sets", "Addition of one set to another". These Maplet applications allow to interactively perform basic operations on sets, control students' knowledge of the order in which these operations are performed, and can be the starting point for solving more complex set theory problems.
THE LABORATORY PRACTICAL WORK ON THE THEME “GRAPHICS IN A WORD PROCESSOR”
Authors: Balandina I. V.
Published: November 2018

The fragment of the laboratory practical work for students of the first-second year of the direction 44.03.01 “Pedagogical education” is presented in the article. Practical lesson is conducted using the word processor Microsoft Word 2010. The material will also be useful to practicing teachers, class teachers, teachers of preschool and additional education, informatics teachers when studying the theme “Graphics in a word processor”.
ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА ИЗДЕЛИЙ АВИАКОСМИЧЕСКОЙ ОТРАСЛИ
Authors: Гуторова К. В. , Григорович А. М. , Селезнева А. С. , Бычков И. В.
Published: November 2018

The article discusses the impact of technological pollution of the surfaces of parts on the resource and reliability of engineering products. The features of the production of aviation technology and their impact on the creation of technological systems providing industrial purity products are given. A review on the quality of products of modern technology.
МЕТОДИКА ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ПОСЛУГ РЕМОНТУ ВИСОКОТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРИСТРОЇВ
Authors: Аніканова-Широкова У. І.
Published: November 2018

Has been identified criteria for assessing the quality of repair services, has been developed a two-stage methodology for assessing the quality of repair services, which consist of technical control and survey. The author has developed a survey questionnaire. Has been identified the effects of optimization.
The development of technology of rickot cheese from whey, obtained using various coagulants
Authors: Tsisaryk O. Y. , Musiy L. Y. , Slyvka I. M. , Chrystyuk V.
Published: November 2018

The problem of obtaining and rational use of whey proteins in human nutrition today is solved all over the world, traditional methods are being improved and new, more effective ways of processing milk whey, aimed at maximizing the withdrawal and use of its proteins, are being developed. The aim of the research was to develop the technology of albumin cheese ricotta from serum derived by the action of various coagulants. The raw material for cheese production was serum. For the study, two samples of cheese (with a threefold repetition) were made: Sample 1 - using serum formed during the fermentation of proteins with the participation of citric acid (normalized mixture + enzyme + citric acid); Sample 2 – using serum formed during protein mixing with the direct introduction of the fermentation culture (normalized mixture + enzyme + culture + calcium chloride). Determination of organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters in samples of albumin cheese, obtained from the developed technology, was carried out immediately after manufacture. The study of organoleptic characteristics of cheeses showed a similarity of indicators in samples 1 and 2. In particular, it was stated that pure, fresh taste and smell, with a specific albumin flavor, without foreign flavors and odors. Consistency in 1 sample was homogeneous, creamy, in 2 samples it was tender, but with a slight splinting. The color of the cheeses was white uniform throughout the mass. The lower acidity in the sample 2, which was at 17 °T, whereas in the sample 2 was higher – 20 °T. This, in particular, is explained by the use of citric acid for coagulation. The changes of microbiological parameters in the raw materials during storage, which consisted in the growth of the number of mesophilic anaerobic and optional aerobic microorganisms in two samples of cheese, were established. Given the permissible level of the number of mesophilic anaerobic and optional aerobic microorganisms in cheese not more than 1 × 105 CFU/g, the shelf life of two samples of cheese for 5 days. Indicators of titrated acidity during storage were correlated with changes in the number of mesophilic anaerobic and optional aerobic microorganisms. The mass fraction of moisture in the samples of cheese in the process of their storage decreased.
The development of technology of dairy-vegetative dessert with functional additives
Authors: Telezhenko L. , Bilenka I. , Zolovska O. , Lazarenko N.
Published: November 2018

The article component composition of creamy dessert with whipped consistence on the basis of cottage cheese using alternative plant raw materials – chufa and Jerusalem artichoke tubers or honey was established and proved. This allowed to obtain finished product with low glycemic index. The possibility of using the chufa is shown (earth almond), as a carrier of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids (which make up about 82% of the total content), allows to receive desserts with recommended composition of fatty acids. It is shown that preliminary processing of chufa to finely ground semi-product is advisable for its uniform distribution through the dessert volume and formation of its homogeneous whip consistence. A comprehensive two-stage method for chufa preprocessing is developed, which allows to provide products with necessary technological and organoleptic properties. These studies considered for selection of scientifically sound processing modes Cyperus esculentus L. According to the research was the method of cleaning Cyperus esculentus L. Crushed Cyperus esculentus L. recommended for further use in desserts. It is shown that applying of artichoke processing to candied fruits is appropriate for provision of the necessary properties of artichoke flavor while maintaining preventive properties of fructooligosacharides of  tubers. A new technological approach for producing candied fruits is developed, which yielded a product with a reduced content of mono-and disaccharides, if the inulin of raw materials is preserved. The model of technological system of milk and vegetable dessert making is developed, which allows developing qualitative principle technological schemes of production of dessert with functional additives. The recipe composition and principal technological scheme of production of dairy-vegetative desserts are developed. The influence of technological factors and recipe composition on rheological, microbiological and organoleptic quality of desserts is observed. The article analyzes the nutritional value of dessert with functional additives. The regulatory documentation is developed. New technologies are implemented in restaurant enterprises.
Bifidostimulating ingredients for dessert fermented products
Authors: Solomon A.
Published: November 2018

Fermented sour-milk dessert products of a functional orientation are becoming increasingly popular in Ukraine. Dairy desserts have good taste properties, high nutritional and biological value and dense, non-flowing consistency. A wide range of additions, fillers, flavors, stabilizers are used in the production of desserts. Fermented dairy products are the main suppliers of probiotic microorganisms that promote the maintenance and restoration of human microbial ecology. Probiotic cultures that provide beneficial effects on the consumer's body and normalize the composition and function of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract include the following types of lactobacterial bifidobacteria: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium spp. (V. adolescentis, B. animalis spp. Lactis, B. bifidum, B. longum, B. breve). Bifidobacteria – is one of the most important groups of intestinal microorganisms, which dominate the anaerobic flora of the colon. The International Dairy Federation defines such mixtures as bioproducts, which contain at least 1 × 106 bifidobacteria in 1 cm3. It should be noted that for most part of microorganisms, which are representatives of normal microflora of the human gastro intestinal tract, milk is an unfavorable environment for their development. This is due to the fact that there are no low molecules compounds in milk required for the development of microorganisms, such as free amino acids, monocourses, etc., as well as the fact that most bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium are related to obligated anaerobes that are adversely affected dissolved in milk oxygen air. Therefore, bifidobacteria, which belong to anaerobes, develop in milk very slowly. Bifidobacteria are actively involved in the restoration of normal intestinal microflora in gastrointestinal diseases and after treatment with antibiotics. It is necessary to use milk-adapted strains of bifidobacteria in order to stimulate their development and to provide the necessary composition of the nutrient environment and growth stimulants for their development, and to cultivate them together with lactic acid bacteria that have high β-galactosidase activity, which increases their own β-galactosidase activity bifidobacteria.
Strategi Optimalisasi Program Penanggulangan Kerentanan Kemiskinan (Studi Kasus Program Jalinmatra PK2 di Desa Ngroto Kecamatan Pujon Kabupaten Malang)
Authors: Kurniawan Yudiyanto Tri
Published: November 2018

Program Jalinmatra Penanggulangan Kerentanan Kemiskinan (PK2) dilaksanakan Pemerintah  Provinsi Jawa Timur untuk meningkatkan ketahanan ekonomi rumah tangga rentan miskin dalam bentuk pinjaman murah melalui Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes), salah satu penerimanya adalah Desa Ngroto yang dimulai Juni 2016. Karena sudah lebih dari satu tahun maka perlu dievaluasi pelaksanaannya dan dampaknya, selanjutnya dirancangkan strategi untuk mengoptimalkannya. Kita menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, melalui wawancara mendalam, kuisioner, dokumentasi dan observasi lapangan. Hasilnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk mengoptimalkan program ini mereka perlu bantuan untuk penguatan permodalan, teknologi, informasi perdagangan, manajeman usaha dan bantuan jaringan profesional.
Pengembangan Key Resources Dan Key Partnership dalam Aktivitas Bisnis Industri Kreatif UKM Garuda Jaya Malang
Authors: P. H Rizky Dwi R.
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengembangan key resources dan key partnership di UKM Garuda Jaya Kota Malang. UKM Garuda Jaya merupakan salah satu industri kreatif yang ada di Kota Malang yang memproduksi barang-barang yang berasal dari limbah yang pada awalnya merupakan limbah yang tidak bernilai guna menjadi barang yang bernilai guna. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengamatan, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwakey resources yang diterapkan UKM Garuda Jaya dapat dikatakan unik dikarenakan proses perekrutan karyawan dilakukan pada saat UKM Garuda Jaya melakukan kegiatan pelatihan. Hal ini dikarenakan UKM Garuda Jaya ingin menjaga kualitas produk yang diciptakan. Selain pengembangan key reesources, pengembangan key partnership juga dilakukan oleh UKM Garuda Jaya. Dalam memasarkan produknya, UKM Garuda Jaya memasarkan produknya sendiri baik di dalam maupun di luar negri dan juga menjalin kerjasama dengan mengikuti bazar-bazar yang diadakan oleh Dinas Koperasi maupun Menteri Koperasi dan UMKM.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN PROFESIONALISME ASN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KERJA DI LINGKUNGAN KANTOR KEMENTERIAN AGAMA KOTA PADANG
Authors: Eldison Eldison
Published: November 2018

This study aims to know the implication of the existence of a positive or significant influence between motivation and ASN Professionalism. The method used is survey method by applying Grounded Research. The population in this study is all ASN in the office environment of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Padang City with the number of 322 ASNs consisting of ASN in the offices of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Padang City, Madarasah Aliyah as the city of Padang, Madrasah Tsanawiyah and the Office of Religious Affairs of Padang City. Sample in this research is counted 60 people with random sampling technique. Data Collection Technique uses questionnaire. The variables measured are independent variables, namely: Motivation (X1) and Professionalism (X2), while the dependent variable is Work Effectiveness (Y). Analysis of the influence of variables of Motivation and Professionalism of Apparatus, either jointly or independently to the Effectiveness of Ministry of Religious Affairs Office of Padang City showed significant results. This shows that the two independent variables, namely Motivation and Professionalism Apparatus either together or individually can improve the Effectiveness of ASN Work at the Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Padang City. Thus the influence of these two independent variables on increasing Effectiveness of ASN Work at the Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Padangisverymeaningful.Keywords: Motivation, ASN Professional, Work Effectiveness.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ANTAR-LEVEL PADA CREDIT UNION BEREROD GRATIA
Authors: Elu Wilfridus B.
Published: November 2018

This case study is intended to describe the inter-level learning process at the Bererod Gratia Credit Union (CUBG) Jakarta and its characteristics based on the concept of inter-level learning in the organization and oriented to the strategic renewal developed by Crossan, Lane, and White (1999), which are learning between individual, group, and organizational levels through 4I: Intuiting, Interpreting, Integrating, Institutionalizing. Also described are the implications of organizational learning on corporate governance. The study was conducted on learning in solving problems of negative results case in the Bintaro Service Place (TP) and loan decisions that must involve the Head Office. Key informants consist of credit staff, Head of Office, and Committee members at Bintaro TP and General Manager at Head Office. The results show that the inter-level learning process in CUBG has a dynamic balance between learning for innovation and change (exploration) with learning for standardization for management certainty (exploitation). Learning is also holistic and includes single-loop learning to triple-loop learning. One important implication of corporate governance is the increasingly entrenched culture of check and balances at various levels of the organization. Communication centrality in learning requires the development of generative change capabilities at every level of the organization to ensure the continuity of transformation is in balance with the development of governance to maintain organizational integrity.Keywords: Organizational Learning; Inter-level Learning, Corporate Governance
Can titanium anodization lead to the formation of antimicrobial surfaces?
Authors: Jastrzębska Aleksandra , Jakubowski Witold
Published: November 2018

In recent years, there has been observed a growing need for novel, multifunctional materials that would not only replace, but also heal the damaged tissues. In this paper, the titanium dioxide films manufactured by anodic oxidation method are investigated. The study of their structurization and antimicrobial properties of the coatings is presented. Samples anodized in water solutions of ethylene glycol exhibited various character -from structurized to porous ones. As the study revealed, all samples acted anti-adhesive in terms of bacterial (Escherichia coli) and fungal (Candida albicans) surface colonisation.
Phylogeny and Expression of NADPH Oxidases during Symbiotic Nodule Formation
Authors: Montiel Jesús , Fonseca-García Citlali , Quinto Carmen
Published: November 2018

The mutualistic interaction between gram-negative soil bacteria and the roots of legumes leads to the establishment of nodules, where atmospheric nitrogen is fixed. Nodulation is a multistep process with numerous essential players. Among these are reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are mainly generated by Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidases. In plants, these enzymes are known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs). In legumes, these proteins are encoded by a multigene family with members that are differentially expressed in various tissues and organs at distinct developmental stages. RBOHs have critical roles at several stages of nodulation: in the early signaling pathway triggered by nodulation factors in the root hairs, during both the progression of infection threads and nodule ontogeny, and in nitrogen fixation and senescence. Data from the literature along with the analysis conducted here imply that legumes use different RBOHs for different stages of nodulation; these RBOHs belong to the same phylogenetic subgroup, even though they are not strictly orthologous. Accordingly, the regulation of activity of a given RBOH during the nodulation process probably varies among legumes.
Systematic LC/MS/MS Investigations for the IND-Enabling Extended Characterization of Antibody–Drug Conjugate Modifications
Authors: Linz Thomas , Yeo Dominick , Hong Qiuting , Zmolek Wesley , McFarland Jesse , Barfield Robyn M. , Haskins William E. , Rabuka David
Published: November 2018

We hypothesized that systematic liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry investigations of an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), its small and large molecular components, and surrogate small-molecule conjugates might comprise a simple and efficient approach for the extended characterization of ADCs. Furthermore, we envisioned that results from this work might allow us to assign specific composition changes in the ADC based on monoisotopic mass shifts of conjugatable modifications as detected in the surrogate small-molecule conjugates. We tested our hypothesis with a case study using an aldehyde-tag-based ADC conjugated to a noncleavable linker bearing a maytansine payload. Nearly quantitative bioconversion from cysteine to formylglycine was observed in the monoclonal antibody, and bioorthogonal conjugation was detected only on the formylglycine residues in the ADC. Using our method, both conjugatable and nonconjugatable modifications were discovered in the linker/payload; however, only conjugatable modifications were observed on the ADC. Based on these results, we anticipate that our approach to systematic mass spectrometric investigations can be successfully applied to other ADCs and therapeutic bioconjugates for investigational new drug (IND)-enabling extended characterization.
Fighting Fire with Fire: Phage Potential for the Treatment of E. coli O157 Infection
Authors: Howard-Varona Cristina , Vik Dean R. , Solonenko Natalie E. , Li Yueh-Fen , Gazitua M. Consuelo , Chittick Lauren , Samiec Jennifer K. , Jensen Aubrey E. , Anderson Paige , Howard-Varona Adrian , Kinkhabwala Anika A. , Abedon Stephen T. , Sullivan Matthew B.
Published: November 2018

Hemolytic–uremic syndrome is a life-threating disease most often associated with Shiga toxin-producing microorganisms like Escherichia coli (STEC), including E. coli O157:H7. Shiga toxin is encoded by resident prophages present within this bacterium, and both its production and release depend on the induction of Shiga toxin-encoding prophages. Consequently, treatment of STEC infections tend to be largely supportive rather than antibacterial, in part due to concerns about exacerbating such prophage induction. Here we explore STEC O157:H7 prophage induction in vitro as it pertains to phage therapy—the application of bacteriophages as antibacterial agents to treat bacterial infections—to curtail prophage induction events, while also reducing STEC O157:H7 presence. We observed that cultures treated with strictly lytic phages, despite being lysed, produce substantially fewer Shiga toxin-encoding temperate-phage virions than untreated STEC controls. We therefore suggest that phage therapy could have utility as a prophylactic treatment of individuals suspected of having been recently exposed to STEC, especially if prophage induction and by extension Shiga toxin production is not exacerbated.
Structural/Functional Matches and Divergences of Phytoprostanes and Phytofurans with Bioactive Human Oxylipins
Authors: Medina Sonia , Gil-Izquierdo Ángel , Durand Thierry , Ferreres Federico , Domínguez-Perles Raúl
Published: November 2018

Structure-activity relationship (SAR) constitutes a crucial topic to discover new bioactive molecules. This approach initiates with the comparison of a target candidate with a molecule or a collection of molecules and their attributed biological functions to shed some light in the details of one or more SARs and subsequently using that information to outline valuable application of the newly identified compounds. Thus, while the empiric knowledge of medicinal chemistry is critical to these tasks, the results retrieved upon dedicated experimental demonstration retrieved resorting to modern high throughput analytical approaches and techniques allow to overwhelm the constraints adduced so far to the successful accomplishment of such tasks. Therefore, the present work reviews critically the evidences reported to date on the occurrence of phytoprostanes and phytofurans in plant foods, and the information available on their bioavailability and biological activity, shedding some light on the expectation waken up due to their structural similarities with prostanoids and isoprostanes.
Fatigue Damage Analysis of Cement-Stabilized Base under Construction Loading
Authors: Wang Xuancang , Fang Naren , Ye Hongyu , Zhao Jing
Published: November 2018

Cement-stabilized macadam is commonly used in pavement base courses. The disadvantage of this material is that it easily cracks because construction vehicles cause irreversible fatigue damage to the pavement. Fatigue damage is caused by an insufficient number of maintenance days and overloading by construction vehicles. In order to analyze the influence of the number of maintenance days and overloading by construction vehicles, Miner theory and ABAQUS software were used, and an unconfined compressive strength test, an indirect tensile strength test, a bending tensile strength test, and a fatigue test were carried out simultaneously. The relationship between compressive strength and the splitting strength of water-stabilized macadam as well as compactness, water content, and temperature at different ages were determined. Fitting shows that the bottom tensile stress of the most disadvantageous layer increased with increasing subbase modulus, and its reduction rate increased slowly with the increasing of cement-stabilized macadam subbase thickness. The fatigue prediction equation for cement-stabilized macadam was obtained using bending tensile strength and fatigue tests. Subbase fatigue damage caused by different construction loads under different working conditions was calculated using Miner theory according to actual engineering data. Therefore, the number of pavement maintenance days should be increased. For harsh natural environments and strict time constraints, the design should increase the strength and thickness of the subbase material. When laying the base, overloaded vehicles should be limited, and the construction period of the loaded vehicles should be reduced to minimize road damage.
Correlation for Condensation Heat Transfer in a 4.0 mm Smooth Tube and Relationship with R1234ze(E), R404A, and R290
Authors: Inoue Norihiro , Hirose Masataka , Jige Daisuke , Ichinose Junya
Published: November 2018

In this study, the condensation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop characteristics of a 4 mm outside diameter smooth tube, using R32, R152a, R410A, and R1234ze(E) refrigerants, were examined. Condensation heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops were measured at a saturation temperature of 35 °C, in the region of mass velocities from 100 to 400 kg m−2s−1. The frictional pressure drop, and the condensation heat transfer from the new measurements, using R1234ze(E) as a refrigerant, were compared with those of R32, R152a, and R410A, in the smooth tube. Experimental values of condensation heat transfer coefficient of smooth tube were also compared to the predicted values obtained using the previously established correlations. The previous correlation from Cavallini et al., for the condensation heat transfer coefficient of small-diameter smooth tube, was estimated to be within ±30%. However, the general correlation, which can be easily predicted, for condensation heat transfer inside small-diameter smooth tubes, was suggested, and the relationship of the general correlation was compared with data for R1234ze(E) obtained by us, and R404A and R290 obtained by other researchers.
Spherical-Model-Based SLAM on Full-View Images for Indoor Environments
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Wang Xiaowei , Li Shigang
Published: November 2018

As we know, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) relies on surroundings. A full-view image provides more benefits to SLAM than a limited-view image. In this paper, we present a spherical-model-based SLAM on full-view images for indoor environments. Unlike traditional limited-view images, the full-view image has its own specific imaging principle (which is nonlinear), and is accompanied by distortions. Thus, specific techniques are needed for processing a full-view image. In the proposed method, we first use a spherical model to express the full-view image. Then, the algorithms are implemented based on the spherical model, including feature points extraction, feature points matching, 2D-3D connection, and projection and back-projection of scene points. Thanks to the full field of view, the experiments show that the proposed method effectively handles sparse-feature or partially non-feature environments, and also achieves high accuracy in localization and mapping. An experiment is conducted to prove that the accuracy is affected by the view field.
Bluetooth-Beacon-Based Underground Proximity Warning System for Preventing Collisions inside Tunnels
Authors: Baek Jieun , Choi Yosoon
Published: November 2018

Collisions between pieces of equipment as well as between equipment and workers frequently occur inside underground tunnels, owing to limited visibility coupled with a confined work environment. To address this problem, a Bluetooth-beacon-based proximity warning system (PWS) capable of preventing collisions inside underground tunnels has been proposed. The proposed PWS receives signals from Bluetooth beacons attached to bodies of mine workers and/or their equipment via smartphones installed in vehicles, thereby providing drivers with primary (caution) and secondary (warning) alerts in stages, based on the intensity of received signals. After identifying suitable received signal strength indicator (RSSI) threshold values corresponding to the caution and warning zones, a field test was performed inside an underground tunnel based on results obtained from a preliminary experiment. Using collective results obtained during 50 experimental repetitions, the accuracies of the first and second alert occurrences in the caution and warning zones were determined to be 93% and 95%, respectively. The proposed Bluetooth-beacon-based PWS was demonstrated to be effective for preventing collisions inside underground tunnels. In addition, the proposed system is relatively inexpensive, and its functions can easily be extended via the use of smartphone applications.
Development and Characterization of a Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Composite Hydrogel as An Artificial Cartilage Material
Authors: Zhao Yibo , Terai Wataru , Hoshijima Yuko , Gotoh Kazuma , Matsuura Koji , Matsumura Kazuaki
Published: November 2018

Poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (PVA-H) is expected to be a suitable artificial articular cartilage material because of its high biocompatibility. However, it is difficult to affix to the surface of a living joint because it is bioinert and its mechanical strength needs to be improved. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) subjected to two oxidation rounds was used to form a nanocomposite material and the composite hydrogel PVA-GO-H was prepared by low-temperature crystallization. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the addition of GO can increase roughness of the hydrogel surface. Contact angle measurements showed that the surface of PVA-GO-H exhibited hydrophobicity that increased with GO concentration and not with that of PVA-H, indicating that the hydrophilic parts of PVA and GO form hydrogen bonds and the hydrophobic part of GO was exposed on the surface. Tensile tests demonstrated that Young’s modulus was enhanced on the addition of GO. Osteoblast cells showed more affinity for PVA-GO-H than PVA-H, which much more cells adhere to than to PVA-GO-H after a certain period of culturing, suggesting GO can improve the cell attachment of PVA-H. Further studies on the influence of the oxidation time of GO are still required.
The Intertextuality and Translations of Fine Art and Class in Hip-Hop Culture
Authors: De Paor-Evans Adam
Published: November 2018

Hip-hop culture is structured around key representational elements, each of which is underpinned by the holistic element of knowledge. Hip-hop emerged as a cultural counter position to the socio-politics of the urban condition in 1970s New York City, fuelled by destitution, contextual displacement, and the cultural values of non-white diaspora. Graffiti—as the primary form of hip-hop expression—began as a political act before morphing into an artform which visually supported the music and dance elements of hip-hop. The emerging synergies graffiti shared with the practices of DJing, rap, and B-boying (breakdancing) forged a new form of art which challenged the cultural capital of music and visual and sonic arts. This article explores moments of intertextuality between visual and sonic metaphors in hip-hop culture and the canon of fine art. The tropes of Michelangelo, Warhol, Monet, and O’Keefe are interrogated through the lyrics of Melle Mel, LL Cool J, Rakim, Felt, Action Bronson, Homeboy Sandman and Aesop Rock to reveal hip-hop’s multifarious intertextuality. In conclusion, the article contests the fallacy of hip-hop as mainstream and lowbrow culture and affirms that the use of fine art tropes in hip-hop narratives builds a critical relationship between the previously disparate cultural values of hip-hop and fine art, and challenges conventions of the class system.
Selectively Pseudocompact Groups without Infinite Separable Pseudocompact Subsets
Authors: Shakhmatov Dmitri , Yañez Víctor
Published: November 2018

We give a “naive” (i.e., using no additional set-theoretic assumptions beyond ZFC, the Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms of set theory augmented by the Axiom of Choice) example of a Boolean topological group G without infinite separable pseudocompact subsets having the following “selective” compactness property: For each free ultrafilter p on the set N of natural numbers and every sequence ( U n ) of non-empty open subsets of G, one can choose a point x n ∈ U n for all n ∈ N in such a way that the resulting sequence ( x n ) has a p-limit in G; that is, { n ∈ N : x n ∈ V } ∈ p for every neighbourhood V of x in G. In particular, G is selectively pseudocompact (strongly pseudocompact) but not selectively sequentially pseudocompact. This answers a question of Dorantes-Aldama and the first listed author. The group G above is not pseudo- ω -bounded either. Furthermore, we show that the free precompact Boolean group of a topological sum ⨁ i ∈ I X i , where each space X i is either maximal or discrete, contains no infinite separable pseudocompact subsets.
Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disorders
Authors: Jones Daniel P. , Patel Jyoti
Published: November 2018

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world and represents an enormous global health burden. Significant advances have been made in the conservative, medical and surgical management across the range of cardiovascular diseases however the inflammatory components of these diseases have traditionally been neglected. Inflammation is certainly a key component of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition, but it is at least correlative and predictive of risk in many other aspects of cardiovascular medicine ranging from heart failure to outcomes following reperfusion strategies. Inflammation therefore represents significant potential for future risk stratification of patients as well as offering new therapeutic targets across cardiovascular medicine. This review explores the role of inflammation in several of the major aspects of cardiovascular medicine focusing on current and possible future examples of the targeting of inflammation in prognosis and therapy. It concludes that future directions of cardiovascular research and clinical practice should seek to identify cohorts of patients with a significant inflammatory component to their cardiovascular condition or reaction to cardiovascular intervention. These patients might benefit from therapeutic strategies mounted against the inflammatory components implicated in their condition.
Analytical Considerations of Stable Isotope Labelling in Lipidomics
Authors: Triebl Alexander , Wenk Markus R.
Published: November 2018

Over the last two decades, lipids have come to be understood as far more than merely components of cellular membranes and forms of energy storage, and are now also being implicated to play important roles in a variety of diseases, with lipid biomarker research one of the most widespread applications of lipidomic techniques both in research and in clinical settings. Stable isotope labelling has become a staple technique in the analysis of small molecule metabolism and dynamics, as it is the only experimental setup by which biosynthesis, remodelling and degradation of biomolecules can be directly measured. Using state-of-the-art analytical technologies such as chromatography-coupled high resolution tandem mass spectrometry, the stable isotope label can be precisely localized and quantified within the biomolecules. The application of stable isotope labelling to lipidomics is however complicated by the diversity of lipids and the complexity of the necessary data analysis. This article discusses key experimental aspects of stable isotope labelling in the field of mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, summarizes current applications and provides an outlook on future developments and potential.
EEG Waveform Analysis of P300 ERP with Applications to Brain Computer Interfaces
Authors: Ramele Rodrigo , Villar Ana Julia , Santos Juan Miguel
Published: November 2018

The Electroencephalography (EEG) is not just a mere clinical tool anymore. It has become the de-facto mobile, portable, non-invasive brain imaging sensor to harness brain information in real time. It is now being used to translate or decode brain signals, to diagnose diseases or to implement Brain Computer Interface (BCI) devices. The automatic decoding is mainly implemented by using quantitative algorithms to detect the cloaked information buried in the signal. However, clinical EEG is based intensively on waveforms and the structure of signal plots. Hence, the purpose of this work is to establish a bridge to fill this gap by reviewing and describing the procedures that have been used to detect patterns in the electroencephalographic waveforms, benchmarking them on a controlled pseudo-real dataset of a P300-Based BCI Speller and verifying their performance on a public dataset of a BCI Competition.
Targeting the MYC Oncogene in Burkitt Lymphoma through HSP90 Inhibition
Authors: Poole Candace J. , Zheng Wenli , Lee Haesung , Young Danielle , Lodh Atul , Chadli Ahmed , Van Riggelen Jan
Published: November 2018

Overexpression of the MYC oncogene is a key feature of many human malignancies including Burkitt lymphoma. While MYC is widely regarded to be a promising therapeutic target, a clinically effective MYC inhibitor is still elusive. Here, we report an alternative strategy, targeting MYC indirectly through inhibition of the HSP90 machinery. We found that inhibition of HSP90 function reduces MYC expression in human Burkitt lymphoma through suppression of MYC transcription and destabilization of MYC protein, thereby diminishing the proliferation of tumor cells. Consistently, treatment of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines with HSP90 inhibitors (17-AAG or 17-DMAG) was accompanied by downregulation of canonical MYC target genes. Combination treatment with 17-DMAG and the proteasome inhibitor, MG-132, led to accumulation of MYC protein, indicating that upon HSP90 inhibition, MYC is degraded by the proteasome. Using co-immunoprecipitation, we furthermore demonstrated a direct interaction between MYC and HSP90, indicating that MYC is an HSP90 client protein in Burkitt lymphoma. Together, we report here the use of HSP90 inhibitors as an alternative approach to target the MYC oncogene and its network in Burkitt lymphoma.
Targeted Therapy-Resistant Melanoma Cells Acquire Transcriptomic Similarities with Human Melanoblasts
Authors: Larribère Lionel , Kuphal Silke , Sachpekidis Christos , Sachindra  , Hüser Laura , Bosserhoff Anja , Utikal Jochen
Published: November 2018

The mechanisms of adaptive and acquired drug resistance in tumors are not completely understood. So far, gene amplifications or mutations, leading to the reactivation of the MAPK or PI3K pathways have been described. In this study, we used two different methods to generate human melanoblasts: (1) via differentiation from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and (2) via dedifferentiation from melanocytes. The melanoblast transcriptomes were then compared to the transcriptome of MAPK inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells. We observed that the expression of genes associated with cell cycle control, DNA damage control, metabolism, and cancer was altered in both melanoblast populations and in both adaptive and acquired resistant melanoma samples, compared to drug-sensitive samples. However, genes involved in antigen presentation and cellular movement were only regulated in the melanoblast populations and in the acquired resistant melanoma samples, compared to the drug-sensitive samples. Moreover, melanocyte-derived melanoblasts and adaptive resistant melanoma samples were characterized by different expression levels of certain transcription factors or genes involved in the CDK5 pathway. In conclusion, we show here that in vitro models of human melanoblasts are very important tools to comprehend the expression profiles of drug-resistant melanoma.
Externalized Keratin 8: A Target at the Interface of Microenvironment and Intracellular Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Albaret Marie Alexandra , Vermot-Desroches Claudine , Paré Arnaud , Roca-Martinez Jean-Xavier , Malet Lucie , Esseily Jad , Gerossier Laetitia , Brière Johan , Pion Nathalie , Marcel Virginie , Catez Frédéric , De Souza Geneviève , Vuillermoz Boris , Doerflinger Franck , Lavocat Emilie , Subiger Olivier , Rousset Carine , Bresson Corinne , Mandon Elodie , Jawhari Anass , Falson Pierre , Jasmin Mélissa , Coute Yohann , Mertani Hichem-Claude , Saintigny Pierre , Diaz Jean-Jacques
Published: November 2018

Accumulating evidence supports the remarkable presence at the membrane surface of cancer cells of proteins, which are normally expressed in the intracellular compartment. Although these proteins, referred to as externalized proteins, represent a highly promising source of accessible and druggable targets for cancer therapy, the mechanisms via which they impact cancer biology remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to expose an externalized form of cytokeratin 8 (eK8) as a key player of colorectal tumorigenesis and characterize its mode of action. To achieve this, we generated a unique antagonist monoclonal antibody (D-A10 MAb) targeting an eight-amino-acid-long domain of eK8, which enabled us to ascertain the pro-tumoral activity of eK8 in both KRAS-mutant and wild-type colorectal cancers (CRC). We showed that this pro-tumoral activity involves a bidirectional eK8-dependent control of caspase-mediated apoptosis in vivo and of the plasminogen-induced invasion process in cellulo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that eK8 is anchored at the plasma membrane supporting this dual function. We, therefore, identified eK8 as an innovative therapeutic target in CRC and provided a unique MAb targeting eK8 that displays anti-neoplastic activities that could be useful to treat CRC, including those harboring KRAS mutations.
RNA-Cleaving DNAzymes: Old Catalysts with New Tricks for Intracellular and In Vivo Applications
Authors: Zhang JingJing
Published: November 2018

DNAzymes are catalytically active DNA molecules that are normally isolated through in vitro selection methods, among which RNA-cleaving DNAzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a single RNA linkage embedded within a DNA strand are the most studied group of this DNA enzyme family. Recent advances in DNA nanotechnology and engineering have generated many RNA-cleaving DNAzymes with unique recognition and catalytic properties. Over the past decade, numerous RNA-cleaving, DNAzymes-based functional probes have been introduced into many research areas, such as in vitro diagnostics, intracellular imaging, and in vivo therapeutics. This review focus on the fundamental insight into RNA-Cleaving DNAzymes and technical tricks for their intracellular and in vivo applications, highlighting the recent progress in the clinical trial of RNA-Cleaving DNAzymes with selected examples. The challenges and opportunities for the future translation of RNA-cleaving DNAzymes for biomedicine are also discussed.
Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Prospects of TiO2-Based Photocatalytic DeNOxing the Atmospheric Environment
Authors: Serpone Nick
Published: November 2018

This article reviews the efforts of the last two decades to deNOxify the atmospheric environment with TiO2-based photocatalytic materials supported on various cementitious-like substrates. Prior to undertaking this important aspect of applied photocatalysis with metal-oxide emiconductor photocatalysts, however, it is pertinent to describe and understand the fundamentals of Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. The many attempts done in a laboratory setting to degrade (deNOxify) the major components that make up the NOx, namely nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), but most importantly the efforts expended in deNOxifying the real environment upon depositing titania-based coatings on various model and authentic infrastructures, such as urban roads, highway noise barriers, tunnels, and building external walls among others, are examined. Both laboratory and outdoor experimentations have been performed toward NOx being oxidized to form nitrates (NO3−) that remain adsorbed on the TiO2-based photocatalytic surfaces (except in tunnels—indoor walls) but get subsequently dislodged by rain or by periodic washings of the infrastructures. However, no serious considerations have been given to the possible conversion of NOx via photocatalytic reduction back to N2 and O2 gases that would restore the atmospheric environment, as the adsorbed nitrates block the surface-active sites of the photocatalyst and when washed-off ultimately cause unduly damages to the environment.
Nanostructured Nickel on Porous Carbon-Silica Matrix as an Efficient Electrocatalytic Material for a Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor
Authors: Zahmouli Nassim , Marini Silvia , Guediri Mouna , Ben Mansour Nabil , Hjiri Mokhtar , El Mir Lassaad , Espro Claudia , Neri Giovanni , Leonardi Salvatore
Published: November 2018

Nanostructured nickel on porous carbon-silica matrix (N-CS) has been synthesized using a sol gel process and subsequent pyrolysis treatment at a temperature of 650 °C. The morphology and microstructure of the N-CS sample has been investigated using XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy), and BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) analysis. The synthesized nanocomposite has been used for developing NCS-modified screen-printed electrodes (NCS-SPCEs) and was applied in the electrochemical monitoring of glucose. After electrochemical activation, via cycling the modified electrode in a potential window from 0 to 0.8 V in 0.1 M KOH solution, the fabricated NCS-SPCEs electrodes were evaluated for the voltammetric and amperometric determination of glucose. The developed sensors showed good sensing performance towards glucose, displaying a sensitivity of 585 µA/mM cm−1 in the linear range from 0.05 to 1.5 mM, a detection limit lower than 30 µM with excellent selectivity.