bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF 3D TRANSIENT LINEAR TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN THE PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT DURING THERMOPLASTICIZED GUTTA-PERCHA OBTURATION TECHNIQUES
Authors: Esim Emir , Er Özgür , Aslan Tuğrul , Eminsoy Avcı Ayşe Tuğba , Üstün Yakup
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study used finite element analysis to evaluate temperature changes in the periodontal ligament due to various thermoplasticized gutta-percha obturation techniques.
Methods: Mandibular premolar models were created in SolidWorks software, simulating carrier-based obturation (CBO) and continuous wave of condensation with backfill obturation (CWC+BFO).
Results: Upon analyzing seven models, the study revealed that the CWC+BFO models with the highest temperature settings (Models 4 and 7) recorded the highest maximum temperatures, nearing 127°C. In contrast, the CBO model (Model 1) exhibited the lowest maximum temperature at 47.835°C. These temperatures were primarily measured at the apical region. The duration exceeding 10°C above body temperature was highest in Models 4 and 7. CBO caused a brief 10.835°C rise for 0.43 s, deemed safe, while all CWC+BFO techniques exceeded 10°C above body temperature, lasting up to 14.40 s. Lower temperature settings, particularly during CWC, are recommended for safer CWC+BFO application.
Conclusion: The CBO technique caused minimal temperature increase and appears safe. However, the CWC technique with BFO resulted in significantly higher temperatures, potentially harming the periodontal ligament. The authors recommend using lower temperatures with both techniques, especially with the CWC technique, and applying the BFO technique in multiple layers to minimize risks.
THE UTILITY OF HEMATOLOGICAL INDICES AT THE INITIAL ADMISSION TO THE NEUROSURGERY CLINIC IN CERVICAL DISC HERNIATION
Authors: Çinpolat Havva Yasemin , Akar Ali , Malçok Ümit Ali , Alkan Sevil
Published: December 2024

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the potential of using hematological calculated indices to detect spontaneous regression in cervical disc herniation (CDH) during the initial visit to outpatient clinics.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study carried out at a single center reviewed laboratory parameters to assess their significance in the outcomes of CDH. The cohort consisted of patients with CDH who had undergone surgery, those who had undergone conservative treatment and achieved spontaneous regression, and a control group without CDH. The laboratory data consisted of calculated hematological indices such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SIII).
Results: Differences in NLR, MLR, and SIII features were statistically significant across groups (p
PERAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENGATASI PERILAKU MENYIMPANG SISWA Di SMPN 1 PRAGAAN
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Dwi FebriYanti Cholila
Published: December 2024

Peran mencerminkan tindakan yang dilakukan oleh individu dalam peristiwa tertentu. Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) bertugas menyampaikan pendidikan moral yang berakar pada ajaran Islam untuk mengatasi perilaku menyimpang. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bentuk dan penyebab penyimpangan siswa serta upaya guru PAI mengatasinya di SMPN 1 Pragaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Temuan mengungkapkan perilaku seperti membolos sekolah, menggunakan ponsel di kelas, penindasan, dan menyalin tugas. Penyebabnya antara lain pengaruh internal, keluarga, dan teman sebaya. Guru PAI melakukan tindakan represif dan preventif, termasuk sanksi dan pembinaan melalui kegiatan keagamaan sehari-hari seperti membaca Surah Yasin dan salat berjamaah
O ABANDONO EMOCIONAL NA INFÂNCIA E A DEPRESSÃO NA VIDA ADULTA: UMA REVISÃO RELACIONAL DE LITERATURA
Authors: Feitosa Dinar Braga , Barbosa Janiêde de Lima Silva , Sousa Kawana Araújo Meneses , Nascimento Vinícius Souza
Published: December 2024

This article investigates the relationship between emotional neglect in childhood and depression in adulthood, based on a literature review. Emotional neglect, characterized by the absence of affection and emotional support from caregivers, can have lasting effects on the psychological and emotional development of children. Several studies indicate that this form of neglect is associated with the development of emotional disorders, such as depression, throughout life. The review explores the neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms that explain this relationship, highlighting how chronic childhood stress can affect brain function and increase vulnerability to depression. Intervention and prevention strategies are also presented to minimize the consequences of emotional neglect and promote children's well-being. It is concluded that understanding this relationship is essential for the development of effective public policies and clinical practices to prevent emotional disorders and promote mental health.
Desafios da Educação Inclusiva: Promovendo o acesso equitativo e a participação de todos - uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Sidor Jaqueline , Strugal Drielle
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar os impactos e desafios da educação inclusiva, explorando as mudanças de paradigma e as práticas educacionais necessárias para garantir o acesso equitativo e a participação de todos os alunos, independentemente de suas características individuais, no ambiente de aprendizagem. Optamos em utilizar como método de pesquisa uma revisão de literatura, trazendo leis e autores que abordam sobre o tema educação inclusiva. A partir do estudo desenvolvido foi possível perceber que pessoas com deficiência enfrentam inúmeros desafios diariamente. A educação inclusiva surge para mudar esse cenário de desvalorização e desigualdades, assegurando a todos os alunos a participação plena no ambiente escolar. Foi possível perceber os grandes desafios enfrentados no processo de inclusão, como o acesso e a permanência desses indivíduos no âmbito educacional. A falta de materiais, recursos e equipamentos adaptados, o número elevado de estudantes nas classes comuns, a falta de formação adequada para os professores, ausência de infraestrutura, carência de Tecnologias Assisstivas são mais alguns dos desafios enfrentados pela inclusão. Para melhorar este cenário algumas práticas podem der realizadas como a formação continuada para professores, promover a integração dos alunos, utilizar múltiplos recursos e tecnologias nas aulas, materiais didáticos adaptados, tecnologias de acessibilidade, etc.
Environmental Impacts of Rock Quarrying at the Afikpo Quarry Sites, Ebonyi State, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Chijioke Nwachukwu Martin , Nnenna Ekwe-Testimony , Ozobialu Benedicta C. , Peretomode Ebitimi , Chibuzo Nwosu Joseph
Published: December 2024

The importance of the quarrying industry to livelihood and development cannot be overemphasized. However, its activities result in significant damage to the immediate environment. This study investigates the environmental effects of quarrying activities in Afikpo, focusing on environmental degradation, health, and socio-economic implications for local communities. Field surveys, environmental assessments, and interviews with local residents and quarry operators were conducted to gather data on the extent of environmental degradation and its effects on the surrounding ecosystem. A total of 100 copies of a questionnaire were administered in the study area. Findings indicate that quarrying activities have led to substantial deforestation, soil erosion, and disruption of local hydrology, which in turn affects agricultural productivity and water availability for local populations. Additionally, the dust and noise generated by blasting and heavy machinery, as well as water quality degradation resulting from quarrying activities, pose health risks, including the possible impact of water quality degradation on the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant genes among nearby residents. The study also highlights the socio-economic trade-offs faced by communities, where the immediate economic benefits from quarrying often overshadow the long-term environmental costs. The results of this investigation underscore the urgent need for sustainable quarrying practices and effective regulatory frameworks to mitigate environmental impacts while considering the socio-economic realities of local communities. Recommendations include the implementation of rehabilitation plans for degraded sites, community engagement in decision-making processes, and the promotion of alternative livelihoods to reduce dependency on quarrying activities.
Weekly Semaglutide Use Shows Promise Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients at a Polyclinic in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Almulhim Abdullah , Almaqhawi Abdullah , Albarqi Mohammed Nasser , Khan Abdul Sattar , Alnaim Abdullah , Alsalman Zaenb , Albahrani Suha , Turkistani Jamela , Abdulqader Ahmad A. Al , Al Mulhim Mohammed Yousef , Ahmad Alnaim Bdulrahman , Alharthi Muffarah , Aljamal Jamal Khaled S
Published: December 2024

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RAs) are vital for glycemic control and weight loss. Due to lack of extensive evidence on semaglutide efficacy in Saudi population, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of once-weekly (OW) semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes.Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted in king faisal university polyclinic in 2023 which assessed patients with type 2 diabetes who started treatment with OW semaglutide alone or combined with other antidiabetic medications. Measurements taken before and six months after starting OW semaglutide which include glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight and other health variables.Results: A total of 22 participants were enrolled in the study. After the intervention the HgA1c and body weight were significantly decreased (p < 0.001, P < 0.001) respectively. Additionally, there were notable decrease with statistical level in serum cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and alanine transferase (ALT) (P = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.013, p < 0.001) whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) and creatinine level did not show statistical difference (p = 0.057, p = 0.829). Conclusion: This study examined the impact of OW semaglutide on individuals with type 2 diabetes, assessing HgA1c, body weight and other health metrics. Results showed significant health improvements post-intervention, suggesting key areas for further research. Future studies could explore OW semaglutide long-term effects on type 2 diabetes in the Saudi population.
DASH Diet Versus Intermittent Fasting on Insulin Resistance in NAFLD Patients
Authors: Khattab Aya G. , Badr Nagwa H. , Elbanna Rana H.
Published: December 2024

objectives: To compare between intermittent fasting and DASH diet on glycemic profile in non-alcoholic fatty liver patients. Methods:60 (men and women) prediabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver patients participated in this study; assigned randomly to three groups: Group (A): intermittent fasting time-restricted feeding (TRF) subjects consumed 100 % of their energy needs in an 8 hours period of time each day, with their caloric intake divided into three meals consumed at 1 p.m., 4 p.m., and 8 p.m. schedule (8-hr daily eating period, the remaining 16 hours per 24-hour period made up the fasting period). Group (B): the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) subjects consumed 100 % of their energy needs divided into three meals consumed at 8 a.m., 1 p.m., and 8 p.m. (12-hr eating period). Group (C): control group; all subjects didn’t follow any diet regimen or calorie deficit. all participants subjected to 30 minutes moderate aerobic exercise on treadmill. Subjects tested before and after 8 weeks of the study. Results: The nonalcoholic fatty liver patients in Group B received DASH diet program more improved fasting glucose reduction percentage (18.25%), followed by patients in Group A (14.79%) received intermittent fasting program, and then those in Group C (2.55%) control group & Group B received DASH diet program more improved HOMA IR reduction percentage (62.88%), followed by patients in Group A (45.23%) received intermittent fasting program, and then those in Group C (6.77%) received control group. Conclusion; both Dash & IF are effective therapeutic approach to control insulin resistance in NAFLD patients, prevention strategy for diabetes type 2.
INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND JOB COMPLEXITY ON WORK VALUES IN BANKING INDUSTRY
Authors: Balamurugan S. , Baskar Dr. P.
Published: December 2024

Strong organizational supports are positively correlated with work values. Organizational support has developed positive work values, thereby reducing stress in the work place. The study reveals influence of organizational support and job complexity on work values among public sector bank employees. A survey was conducted among 132 public sector bank employees in Tamilnadu. The impact of influence of organizational support and job complexity on work values and organizational effectiveness was measured through SEM. The results designate that job complexity not influences work values. Work values significantly influence organizational effectiveness. Job complexity not influences organizational effectiveness. Organizational support significantly influences work values and organizational effectiveness. Organizational support of bank industry is greatly affected by the employees’ values, employees’ knowledge, employees’ attitudes, employees’ habits and employees’ willingness to do work of the management.
Assessment of contaminant levels in locally cultivated vegetables using Agra Canal water and its associated health risks
Authors: Kumari Manisha , Shrivastava Anamika , Shukla Kartikeya , Sharma Rajesh
Published: December 2024

The global imperative to address food safety concerns has intensified, particularly concerning the potential contamination of crops through irrigation from Canal water.Soil samples were analyzed from Faridabad's agriculture site (S3). Tomato, Radish, and Spinach plants were selected for the experiment. Three water ratios were used: the first set of each plant was rinsed with 100%groundwater(GW), the second set of water was irrigated by mixing50% groundwater and 50% canal water(50% GW + 50% CW) and the thirdset was rinsed with 100% canalwater (CW)to determine the effect of water on Plant growth and yielding.Edible parts of harvested vegetables were evaluated for heavy metals.The best growth and yield in spinach and tomato were found in mixed water, while in radish, the best growth was in groundwaterThe highest metal accumulation factor(MAF)was obtained in 100% CW, then in 50% GW + 50% CW irrigated, followed by canal-side and none in 100% GW samples. On the canal side, 41.7% of samples, from 50% GW + 50% CW irrigated vegetables,50% of samples, and 100% CW samples, 83.3% had MAF >1. Health Risk Assessment(HRI) for Pbwas obtained more than 1in 50% GW+50% CWand in 100% CW-raisedveggies and for As incanal-side radishes. The health risk (HI) value was highest in canal water. However, mixed water irrigated veggies were good in yielding and production, but they are unsafe for human health based on MAF, HRI, and HI. This underscores the need for stringent monitoring and regulation to ensure the safety of vegetables for human consumption. The urgency and importance of this issue cannot be overstated. This research will be helpful for farm managers and policymakers.
Examining the Interplay between the Dark Triad Personality Traits, Death Anxiety and Self-Esteem
Authors: Kaur Meher , Meena Dr. Subhash , Sharma Pankhuri
Published: December 2024

The present study aims to examine the interplay between the dark triad of personality traits (Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, and Narcissism), death anxiety, and self-esteem. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 37 people aged 17 to 40 who were selected from a de-addiction center and asked to complete three forms: the Dark Triad Personality Scale (Jones &Paulhus, 2011), the Death Anxiety Scale (Templer, 1970), and the Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). In order to investigate the interaction of factors, correlation and regression analyses were performed on the data gathered and analyzed using SPSS software. Based on the data collection and analysis, it was determined that there is no relationship between the variables, and so death anxiety and self-esteem have no meaningful relationship with those who exhibit any of the dark triads of personalities.
Maternal and Child Health in Urban Slums – A Cross-Sectional Study at Madurai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Priya R Dr. Dharani , D Dr.Thirunaaukarasu , M Dr.Geetha
Published: December 2024

Background: Maternal and child health is a crucial dimension of healthcare quality and overall health conditions in a society. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is influenced by factors such as limited healthcare access, poor living conditions, and social challenges, especially among high-risk populations like those in slums, migrants, and tribes. This study aims to assess the maternal and child health profile in urban slums of Madurai, Tamil Nadu and also to assess their healthcare seeking behaviour. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the mother and child dyad residing at slums of Aruldhaspuram, ManjalMedu and Gomaspalayam around Arapalayam, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu which were included as slum areas in the gazette of Madurai Corporation. The estimated sample size was 99. Data was collected door-to-door by personal interview method. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation were used to summarize the data collected.Results: 71% had consanguineous marriage; 13% of women had more than 3 children. 96% of mothers had complete Ante Natal Care (ANC) including Tetanus Toxoid (TT) immunization and Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation. 98% of the mothers had institutional delivery among whom 23 had caesarean delivery; 2% had home delivery. 56% of children had normal birth weight. 94% of mothers have practised exclusive breastfeeding for first 6 months .94% children had had been immunized for age. 71% of them had permanent sterilization and 25% of the mothers are not using any family planning method among whom only 14% had not completed their family, whereas the remaining 11 did not opt for any family planning method which is the Unmet need for family planning.Conclusion: Majority are availing complete ANC, institutional delivery and immunization services. But there are still home deliveries and unmet need for family planning.
Estimation of River Flood Damages Among Farmers and Small Business in Developing Countries: Evidence from the Kali Lamong Indonesia
Authors: Prihantono Gigih
Published: December 2024

Flooding is a severe disaster in the Kali Lamong river basin (58 Km2). For this reason, detailed flood damage estimates are needed to design an optimal flood management strategy. This study aims to estimate flood damage in the Kali Lamong River Basin. The data collection method used cluster sampling in 15 villages with 870 respondents. We surveyed farmers’ households and micro businesses from October to December 2022 to obtain information on flood damage, flood characteristics, and socio-economics characteristics based on the 27-30 September 2022 flood event. Based on those data, we used regression analysis to develop flood damage functions to know how flood characteristics are related to the damage. Our study found that the economic flood damage in the Kali Lamong river basin is estimated to be US$ 2,3 million for farmer’s households and US$ 10,3 million for micro businesses. This study shows that household flood damages 5,2% more than micro business.
Gait Analysis through Animated GIFs: A Novel Approach for Visualizing Step Dynamics
Authors: Sharma Roopali S , Taterh Dr. Swapnesh , S Deepali
Published: December 2024

The field of prosthetic knee development has made great progress in recent years, notably with the use of machine learning (ML) approaches. Researchers made significant progress in enhancing the functionality, flexibility, and user experience of prosthetic knees using revolutionary machine learning techniques.Since gait analysis delivers part of the most important information about human motion patterns, it becomes critical in the development of a prosthetic knee. In this paper, some new techniques for gait analysis with feature extraction are proposed that include visualization using animated GIF images. This methodology extracts key parameters like step length and step width from the frames of a GIF image and can completely represent the dynamics of gait with respect to time.This methodology is particularly significant to design an efficient prosthetic knee since it shows how combining computer analysis and visual data may enhance gait analysis methods. For this study, brief walking footage of both healthy individuals and amputees are recorded, then turned into GIFs. Subsequently, these GIF data points are retrieved, making it possible to quantify step length and other essential metrics required to analyses gait patterns.Gait analysis is incorporated as part of the development process for these prosthetic knee joints due to the fact that it gives information on human motion patterns. The methods used in this paper provide novel ways of carrying out gait analysis through feature extraction and visualization using animated GIF images. This method would help in depicting the full picture of gait dynamics with time and assist in extracting important parameters such as step length and width from the frames of the GIF. The work, as described, falls squarely into the use of computer vision techniques for feature extraction and into time-series data analysis for trend identification within the broader application of machine learning in the development of the prosthetic knee. These techniques could be generalized toward designing better prosthetic knee design for more natural and fluent motion.
Gender Relationship Patterns in the Families of Female Farm Workers in Enrekang Regency: Sociological Analysis
Authors: Suparman Suparman , Kasnawi Tahir , Syukur Muhammad , Kamaruddin Syamsu A
Published: December 2024

Background. Gender relations in farm laborer families are one important aspect that reflects the social and economic dynamics in rural Indonesia, especially in Enrekang Regency. Female farm laborers play dual roles, both in agricultural work and domestic responsibilities. However, their contributions are often not recognized equally in a society that is still patriarchal.
Purpose. This study aims to understand the form of gender relations in female farm laborer families in Baraka District, and to analyze its impact on family welfare.
Method. The method used in this study is a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interview techniques with 101 female farm laborers, 61 husbands, 11 landowners, and 9 community leaders and local government officials, who were selected purposively. Participatory observation was also conducted to understand the daily dynamics of women in farm laborer families, especially related to the division of labor, access to resources, and decision making. In addition, document analysis was used to complement the information obtained from interviews and observations, in order to obtain a more comprehensive picture of the social and economic context in Baraka District.
Results. The results of the study show that the division of labor is still dominated by patriarchal norms, where women have to play dual roles as workers in the fields and housekeepers. Women’s access to resources, such as land and credit, is also very limited, hampering their ability to contribute optimally to agriculture. Strategic decisions in the family are generally made by men, while women are only involved in operational decisions. In addition, there is inequality in wages between female and male farm workers, even though the work done is the same.
Conclusion. The conclusion of this study is that unequal gender relations hinder the welfare of women and farm laborer families as a whole. However, there is hope for change through education and empowerment of women, as well as more inclusive policy support from the government. Collaborative efforts are needed to create better gender equality in the rural agricultural sector.
Contaminación de aguas y suelos en el municipio de machacamarca y comunidades colindantes, por descargas líquidas residuales mineras
Authors: Zeballos López Zulema
Published: December 2024

La actividad minera en la región de Machacamarca y la cuenca Huanuni ha generado una grave contaminación ambiental, provocando la degradación de suelos y ríos afectando directamente a las comunidades locales y a la biodiversidad de la zona. Los principales contaminantes son los metales pesados como el cadmio, plomo y arsénico, los cuales se encuentran en concentraciones muy elevadas a los limites según reglamentación ambiental. Estos residuos tóxicos provienen de la descarga directa de afluentes mineros, del drenaje acido de mina y del uso indiscriminado de químicos en los procesos mineros. Son innumerables las consecuencias de esta contaminación, originando más pobreza por la falta de productividad. La consecuencia es especialmente critica en el municipio de Machacamarca, donde se encuentra la mayor área contaminada con sedimentos mineros, representando una amenaza para la salud de las comunidades y el medio ambiente. La investigación fue cualitativa al identificar factores ambientales contaminados en varíos puntos geográficos del área d estudio.  Por otra parte, se utilizó el método cuantitativo In situ a través del análisis físico químico de muestras de aguas contaminadas por las actividades mineras, con la emisión de resultados que evidenciaron parámetros de acidez y conductividad por encima de los parámetros establecidos en la norma ambiental de Bolivia
OPTIMALISASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM DESA CILANGCANG MENUJU DESA WIRAUSAHAShifa Atiyatul Hasanah
Authors:   Universitas Islam Al-Ihya Kuningan, Shifa Shifa
Published: December 2024

The amount of waste produced by the community is already very large. In Kuningan Regency alone, it produces an average of 480 tons per day. The paradigm of waste management must be changed from collect-transport-dispose, to sort-collect-sell. One form of waste management that can be an economic benefit is a waste bank. The process of establishing a waste bank is 1. socialization, 2. technical training, 3. implementation, 4. monitoring and evaluation. We held a socialization of waste management through waste banks and pyrolysis equipment as a first step and stimulus for the community to implement. The community welcomed this socialization and wanted a follow-up after the socialization
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF PATIENTS WITH ORBITAL RETINOBLASTOMA HELPS IN PROMPT DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT PLAN
Authors: Ahmad Adnan , Samad Mehreen , Wahid Ghazala , Khattak Nadia , Tamkeen Naila , Haroon Ammara
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRetinoblastoma is the commonest intraocular malignancy of the infants and children. It is unique central nervous systemtumor as it is visible to the naked eye and can be diagnosed with confidence clinically and radiologically without takingbiopsy by non-invasive modalities like CT scan and MRI. CT scan can easily pick calcification in the tumor, its extentwith involvement of nose and sinuses. It can also demonstrate bony erosion if any. MRI on the other hand can easilydemonstrate peri neural and trans scleral extension of the tumor. In this way treatment options can also be plannedalong with prediction of prognosis in cases of retinoblastoma by using non invasive techniques like CT and MR scans.Objective: Objective of this study is to determine the role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imagingin diagnosis and management of retinoblastoma.Methods: This study was performed in Radiology Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from 1st ofJanuary 2019 to 1st December 2019. It is was an observational descriptive study.Results: CT scan is highly sensitive in diagnosis of retinoblastoma while MRI is highly sensitive in detecting peri neuraland trans scleral spread of tumor for management plans.Conclusion: CT scan and MRI are non-invasive methods with CT having high sensitivity and moderate specificity fordetecting Retinoblastoma. MRI scan being helpful in diagnosing perineural and trans scleral spread. Both of theseimaging modalities can help in prompt diagnosis, management and prognosis of retinoblastoma.
Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Sohail Saphra , Khan Muhammed Hatam , Israr Muhammed
Published: December 2024

Abstract: 
We report on a patient from Peshawar, Pakistan diagnosed with Marfan syndrome. Our reported case of Marfan syndrome is exceptional due to the plethora of muskuloskeletal, cardiovascular and clinical signs present in a single patient
ACCESS TO POST-NATAL CARE AMONG MOTHERS OF CHILDREN WITH ATHETOID CEREBRAL PALSY: STUDY IN REHABILITATIVE CENTRES PESHAWAR
Authors: Imtiaz Ayemen , Nathaniel Eemaz , James Aimen
Published: December 2024

Objective:  To determine the frequency of access to postnatal care among children with athetoid cerebral palsy and to determine the factors influencing access to postnatal care.
Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1st April 2018 to 31st May 2018 on 100 mothers of children with Athetoid Cerebral Palsy who came for follow-up to Akbar Kare Institute. Data were collected using a consecutive sampling approach through an interview-based questionnaire, questions related to access to postnatal care and reasons, including mothers’ awareness regarding the importance of early post-natal care, for not accessing postnatal care on time. Statistics obtained using SPSS 20.0.
Results: A total of 100 subjects visited Akbar Kare Institute for follow-up. Mothers of patients who have cerebral palsy took part in the study. Mean age of the study population at the time of marriage was 18.6 ± 2.6 years, with a range of 15-25 years. Fifty eight percent of mothers had received education till primary level (class 1-5) while 93% of mothers were living in a joint family system. The decision maker in the family on health matters such as visit to the hospital was not the mother of the child alone but 51% of the time it was the child’s paternal grandmother. Fifty-six families had a total monthly income less than Rs.20,000. Among the study participants, 54% did not receive post-natal care. Most of the mothers (89%) reported that they were not aware that the increased bilirubin levels would eventually cause permanent damage to their children.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN DIAGNOSING MENISCAL INJURIES IN RELATION TO KNEE ARTHROSCOPY
Authors: Anwar Wasim , Rahman Noor , Khan Haroon Ahmed , Kamran Aamir , Niaz Zahid , Khattak Nadia
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in diagnosing meniscal injuries keeping knee arthroscopy as gold standard.
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-Sectional Study
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, from January 2015 to January 2020. A total of 258 patients of knee injuries with tender medial joint line and positive Mc Murray test and tear on MRI were included. Magnetic Resonance Imaging performed within 6 months was compared with arthroscopic findings. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy of MRI were calculated and analyzed.
RESULTS: In this study the mean age was 30± 1.35 years. Taking arthroscopic findings as gold standard, MRI has sensitivity 92%, specificity 75%, Positive predictive value was 99% and Negative Predictive Value was 23%. So the overall diagnostic accuracy was 91.47%.
CONCLUSION: MRI is an accurate tool to diagnose the knee meniscal tears, with sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 75%, and Positive predictive value of 99%.  
KEY WORDS: MRI, meniscal tear, knee arthroscopy.
Actividades Lúdicas y su Impacto en el Desarrollo de Habilidades Sociales en Niños de 4 Años: Un Estudio de Evaluación
Authors: Silvia Victoria Yépez Cerruffo  , Maribel Victoria Mendoza Triviño  , Richard Fernando Yépez Cerruffo  , Martha Yolanda Suntasig Lisuntuña
Published: December 2024

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de las actividades lúdicas en el desarrollo de habilidades sociales en niños de 4 años en una escuela de educación básica del cantón Quevedo, provincia de Los Ríos. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación cuantitativa con la participación de 30 niños. Durante tres meses, se llevaron a cabo diversas actividades recreativas, que incluyeron juegos cooperativos y dinámicas grupales. Las habilidades sociales se evaluaron antes y después de la intervención utilizando un instrumento validado que medía aspectos como la comunicación, el trabajo en equipo y la empatía.
Los resultados indicaron una mejora significativa en las habilidades sociales de los niños. Se observó un aumento notable en la capacidad de interacción, la resolución de conflictos y la expresión emocional. Las actividades lúdicas generaron un entorno propicio para el desarrollo de relaciones interpersonales y el fortalecimiento de los lazos entre los participantes, favoreciendo una mayor cohesión grupal.
Además, se destacó que la implementación de juegos estructurados no solo incentiva la socialización, sino que también impulsa la autoestima y la confianza en los niños. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de integrar actividades lúdicas en el currículo escolar, evidenciando su papel fundamental en el desarrollo integral de los niños.
Comprehensive Assessment of Replication Dynamics and Characteristics in Wild Type and Corresponding Defective HBV DNA Stains
Authors: Jawad Zahir  , Ali Sabir  , Haseeb ur Rahman  , Syed Ali Bukhari  , Muhammad Naeem  , Iqbal Nisa  , Wasfa Sana  , Madeeha Raihan  , Itezaz Younas
Published: December 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant global health concern, requiring a deeper understanding of its replication and pathogenic mechanisms to develop effective therapies. This study investigated the transcription efficiency, antigen dynamics, and virion production of wild-type HBV (wtHBV) and defective HBV (dHBV) constructs. The levels of dHBV prRNA were 2.5 times higher in Sample 1 than in Sample 2. They were 2.8 times higher (p < 0.01) in Sample 2, even though the levels of cccDNA were the same in both samples (p > 0.25 for Sample 1 and p > 0.16 for Sample 2). The amount of transcription in dHBV improved considerably, as shown by the evidence that Sample 1 grew up three times and Sample 2 went up two times (p < 0.01). An examination of antigen dynamics showed that dHBV had less production of HBsAg and HBeAg but more storage of these two antigens in cells. The total concentrations of HBsAg inside cells were 2.5 to 3 times higher (p < 0.01), and the quantity of HBeAg also increased by the same amount over the course of the study. A new test was used to measure the number of HBV virions, and it was very sensitive and specific. Also, only 20–100 µL of supernatant was sufficient. The experiments showed that lamivudine inhibited virion secretion at concentrations ranging from 1 µM to 5 µM, and that across dilutions ranging from 1:2 to 1:20, there was an associated decrease in virion levels. There were approximately 0.5 million virions per millilitre in the serum samples, but no virions were found in the dHBV constructs. The findings show that dHBV may be competent to avoid detection and remain in the immune system due to its altered antigen dynamics and improved transcriptional pathways. This work offers a reliable tool for enhancing research on antiviral medicines and sheds light on the biology of HBV.
Paths and Strategies for Cultivating Students' Practical Abilities in Vocational Education
Authors: Qin Chiyue
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of the economy and technological advancements, vocational education plays an increasingly important role in training high-quality, skilled technical talent. As one of the core objectives of vocational education, practical ability has a decisive impact on students' overall quality improvement and future career development. This paper aims to explore the current status, pathways, and strategies for cultivating students' practical abilities in vocational education. First, the article analyzes the definition, core elements, and significance of practical ability in career development. Then, it proposes several pathways, such as optimizing teaching content, constructing practical teaching environments, and implementing project-driven and case-based teaching methods, addressing the current educational model. It further discusses strategies to enhance students' practical abilities through school-enterprise cooperation and teacher competency development. Finally, the paper summarizes the challenges in cultivating practical abilities in vocational education and looks ahead to future improvements. This study aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of students' practical abilities in vocational education, in order to train more high-quality technical talent that meets social needs.
The Current Application and Development Trends of Information Technology in Vocational Education
Authors: Qin Chiyue
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of information technology, vocational education is undergoing a profound transformation. The application of information technology has not only changed traditional teaching models but also promoted innovations in educational content, methods, and evaluation systems. This paper aims to analyze the current status of information technology applications in vocational education, the challenges and issues it faces, and to explore future development trends. In terms of application status, significant progress has been made in areas such as teaching content, methods, vocational skills training, as well as assessment and feedback. However, the application of information technology in vocational education still faces challenges such as insufficient digital literacy among teachers, unequal distribution of educational resources, and disparities in students' information technology abilities. To address these issues, this paper proposes strategies such as enhancing teacher training, optimizing educational resource allocation, and promoting the application of intelligent technologies.
The Current Status and Development Trends of Information Technology-Aided Mathematics Teaching
Authors: Yang Guangfeng
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of information technology, mathematics teaching is gradually transitioning from traditional teaching models to more information- and technology-driven methods. Information technology has brought significant changes in the presentation of teaching content, student learning experiences, and interactive communication, and has provided new opportunities for the personalization and diversification of mathematics education. This article aims to analyze the current application of information technology in mathematics teaching, explore the challenges and potential it brings, and focus on the applications of digital learning platforms, Computer-Aided Mathematics Education (CAME), Virtual Reality (VR), and Augmented Reality (AR) in mathematics education. By analyzing the current use of teaching tools, platforms, and technologies, this article further looks ahead to the trend of deep integration between information technology and mathematics education, particularly in the fields of intelligent learning systems and big data-driven assessment mechanisms. The article concludes by proposing future development directions for information technology-assisted mathematics teaching and discussing how to promote the further application and practice of information technology in education.
Research on the Connotation, Dilemmas, and Practical Path of Digital and Intelligent Competency of University Teachers in the "Big Data + Artificial Intelligence" Era
Authors: Zhang Yi
Published: December 2024

In the context of the "Big Data + Artificial Intelligence" era, higher education is facing unprecedented challenges in technological transformation and educational innovation. As the core of the education system, the improvement of teachers' digital and intelligent competency directly influences the quality of education and teaching effectiveness. This paper aims to explore the connotation, development dilemmas, and practical paths of university teachers' digital and intelligent competency in the "Big Data + Artificial Intelligence" era. Through an explanation of the essence and connotation of digital and intelligent competency, this paper constructs a theoretical framework for university teachers' digital and intelligent competency and analyzes the ability bottlenecks and transformation dilemmas teachers face when applying big data and artificial intelligence technologies. The paper further discusses the current dilemmas in the development of university teachers' digital and intelligent competency and proposes targeted practical paths to provide theoretical guidance and a practical framework for enhancing university teachers' digital and intelligent competency. The research conclusions indicate that the improvement of teachers' digital and intelligent competency requires not only technological support but also joint efforts from the education system and the teachers themselves.
The Impact of Different Planting Densities on the Growth and Ecological Benefits of Sandland Caragana
Authors: Shi Liyan
Published: December 2024

Sandland Caragana (Caragana korshinskii) is a plant that adapts to arid and barren sandy land, exhibiting significant ecological restoration functions. The mechanisms by which different planting densities affect its growth and ecological benefits are particularly important. This paper explores the impact of planting density on photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient absorption, root expansion, and biomass accumulation based on the biological characteristics and environmental adaptability of Caragana. The study found that although high-density planting can increase root competition, effectively stabilize sand and prevent wind erosion, it may lead to insufficient light and nutrients, affecting plant growth and photosynthetic efficiency. In contrast, low-density planting enhances photosynthetic efficiency but may result in inadequate root expansion, which in turn affects its soil and water conservation capability. By optimizing planting density, the growth potential of Caragana can be enhanced while maximizing its ecological benefits, including sand fixation, resistance to wind and sand erosion, soil and water conservation, and carbon sequestration. Future research should further explore the long-term ecological effects of Caragana under different density conditions to provide a theoretical basis for desert vegetation restoration and carbon neutrality policies.
Research on the Application of Total Stations and Drones in Urban Building Surveying
Authors: Kang Xia
Published: December 2024

With the continuous development of urban construction, traditional building surveying methods have gradually revealed their limitations in complex environments, such as insufficient measurement accuracy and efficiency. As two important surveying tools, total stations and drones each have unique advantages. A total station provides high-precision ground point measurements, while drones can quickly capture large-scale spatial data. By combining the two through data sharing and collaborative operation, the accuracy and efficiency of urban building surveying can be effectively improved. This study explores the integration of total station and drone technology in urban building surveying, proposes the process and methods of technical implementation, analyzes the challenges of precision control and data fusion, and discusses future development directions in intelligent and automated surveying technologies.
The Effects of Calcium-Magnesium-Boron Fertilizer on the Growth Characteristics, Yield, and Quality of Cabbage
Authors: Zhou Feng
Published: December 2024

Cabbage is a nutritious vegetable, rich in essential nutrients for the human body, such as Vitamin C, carotenoids, and dietary fiber. However, during its growth and development, cabbage is susceptible to environmental factors. The lack of essential elements like calcium and magnesium can lead to slow growth, reduced yield, and poor quality. Therefore, improving cabbage production efficiency has become a focal point of current research. Calcium-magnesium-boron fertilizer, as a new type of plant nutrient, offers several advantages, such as promoting plant growth, enhancing resistance to stress, and improving soil structure. This study aims to explore the effects of calcium-magnesium-boron fertilizer on the growth characteristics, yield, and quality of cabbage, in order to provide effective technical support for cabbage production.
Cross-Border Sports Tourism Cooperation under the Open World Economy: Current Situation and Optimization Path
Authors: Wei Zhihua
Published: December 2024

As a new form of tourism, cross-border sports tourism has gradually become an important engine driving the integration of the global tourism and sports industries, particularly in the context of the accelerated development of an open world economy and increasing international exchanges. By combining elements of sports competition, fitness, leisure, and cultural tourism, it promotes resource sharing and tourist flow between different countries and regions. However, cross-border sports tourism cooperation still faces many challenges, such as cultural differences, underdeveloped infrastructure, and complex policy environments. This study analyzes the current status of cross-border sports tourism cooperation and proposes innovative cooperation models, infrastructure development, and cultural exchange optimization paths. The aim is to provide feasible strategies for future cross-border sports tourism cooperation and envision its future development trends. Digital transformation, sustainable development, and policy innovation will become key driving forces for cross-border sports tourism cooperation. The research results provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the sustainable development of cross-border sports tourism in the context of building an open world economy.
Musical Symbols and Their Symbolic Meanings in Song Dynasty Literary Works
Authors: Ye Zihan , Li Yuwei
Published: December 2024

Musical symbols in Song Dynasty literature form a unique literary and artistic phenomenon with their diverse textual representations and profound symbolic meanings. These musical symbols not only integrate into poetry, prose, and drama as aesthetic imagery but also reflect the Song literati’s deep understanding of nature, culture, and the relationships between the individual and society, through their rich emotional expression and cultural transmission functions. This study analyzes the textual forms, functional types, and genre differences in the representation of musical symbols, revealing their symbolic meanings in emotional expression, cultural identity, and philosophical significance. It further explores the unique contributions of musical symbols to artistic innovation and aesthetic value, showcasing the cross-media fusion of literature and music in the Song Dynasty.