bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’de “Yeni Medya” İçerikli Lisansüstü Tez Çalışmaları Üzerine Bibliyometrik Bir Araştırma
Authors: Değirmencioğlu Gürsoy , Gürer Mert
Published: January 2024

İletişim teknolojilerinin yaygın kullanımı ve dijitalleşme süreci, anaokulundan yükseköğretim kurumları üniversitelere kadar eğitim ve ders içeriklerinin sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanmasında önemli bir etkiye sahip bulunmaktadır. Teorik ve uygulamalı eğitimin birarada verildiği iletişim fakültelerindeki ders içerikleri, son yıllarda dijitalleşme ve yeni medya çağının gereklerine uygun olarak düzenlenmeye başlamaktadır. Lisans düzeyinde verilen derslerin yanı sıra iletişim bilimleri, medya çalışmaları, gazetecilik, halkla ilişkiler ve tanıtım, radyo, televizyon ve sinema gibi alanlarda yüksek lisans ve doktora programlarındaki derslerde ve tezlerde “yeni medya”, “dijitalleşme”, “iletişim teknolojileri” gibi konu başlıklarındaki çalışmaların sayısında artış yaşandığı görülmektedir. Çalışmada, Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı’nın Ulusal Tez Merkezi veritabanında, “yeni medya” konu başlığının geçtiği lisansüstü tez çalışmalarının tamamı bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. 1999-2023 yılları arasında hazırlanan toplam bin 413 adet lisansüstü tez çalışması araştırmaya dahil edilmiş ve elde edilen nicel verilerin aralarındaki ilişkiler analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, Türkiye’de yapılan “yeni medya” konulu lisansüstü tezlerin ağırlıklı olarak “İletişim Bilimleri” ve “Gazetecilik” araştırma alanlarında üretildiği ve konuyla ilgili tamamlanan tezlerin sayısında son beş içinde önemli bir artışın yaşandığı görülmektedir. En çok tez çalışmasının, ikisi İstanbul’da (Marmara ve İstanbul Üniversiteleri), biri İzmir’de (Ege Üniversitesi) olmak üzere üç devlet üniversitesinde üretildiği dikkat çekmektedir.
The Weird Mistake in Planck's Law
Authors: MARC Patrick
Published: January 2024

By examining Planck's equation E=hν, one finds an analogy with accounting billing for electricity. Frequency and power have a physical dimension T-¹, so one obtains an energy value accounted for over a time interval by multiplying them by this time interval. By investigating this analogy, one finds a surprising mistake in Planck's law for the frequency of black body radiation: confusion between two contexts, one for radiation power and one for a timeless energy density. One goes from one to the other by an accounting-type transformation: a multiplication by 4π/c or c/4π. Correcting this mistake makes a Planck constant h timeless, invalidating the photon definition and de Broglie’s wave-particle duality. Despite this mistake, one obtains the same value for the black body radiation; it goes unnoticed.Consequently, the Planck relation becomes P=hν, with the energy of a cycle equal to h, whatever the frequency. One can consider this cycle as a new photon, which behaves like a particle by its radiation pressure. Its energy-mass equivalence h=mɣc² gives a mass of 4.134883524·10-¹⁵ eV, in the range referenced by the Particle Data Group. This correction of Planck's relation calls quantum physics into question.
Mathematics and Racial Justice
Authors: Alexander Nathan N.
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the role of mathematics in movements for racial justice.
Backpropagation-Based Recollection of Memories: Biological Plausibility and Computational Efficiency
Authors: Houidi Zied Ben
Published: January 2024

Since the advent of the neuron doctrine more than a century ago, information processing in the brain is widely believed to follow the forward pre to post-synaptic neurons direction. Challenging this view, we introduce the backpropagation-based recollection hypothesis as follows: Cue-based memory recollection occurs when backpropagated Action Potentials (APs), originating in sparse neurons that uniquely activate in response to a specific trace being recalled (e.g. image of a cat), travel backwards. The resulting transient backpropagating currents follow the available open backward and lateral pathways, guided by synaptic weights or couplings. In doing so, they stimulate the same neurons that fired during the very first perception and subsequent encoding, effectively allowing a ''replay'' of the experience (e.g., recalling the image of the cat). This process is pervasive, seen in tasks like cue-based attention, imagination, future episodic thinking, modality-specific language understanding, and naming.After detailing our hypothesis, we challenge it against a thorough literature review, finding compelling evidence supporting our claims. We further found that gap junctions could be a plausible medium for such currents, and that cholinergic modulation, which is known to favor backpropagated APs and is crucial for memory, is a reasonable candidate trigger for the entire process. We then leverage computer simulations to demonstrate the computational efficiency of the backpropagation-based recollection principle in (i) reconstructing an image, backwards, starting from its forward-pass sparse activations and (ii) successfully naming an object with a comparable high accuracy as a state-of-the-art machine learning classifier. Given the substantial converging evidence and the hypothesis's critical role in cognition, we believe this paradigm shift warrants broader attention.
Why Parties Can Benefit From Promoting Occupational Diversity in Legislatures: Experimental Evidence From Three Countries
Authors: Costa Mia , Pereira Miguel M.
Published: January 2024

How do legislators' occupational backgrounds shape their ability to advance unpopular policies? We argue that politicians with professional experience are perceived as more credible in their areas of expertise and can more effectively persuade voters and peers. We examine this argument in a series of experiments in three Western democracies. We find that German legislators with occupational experience in education are more effective at persuading voters in that policy area. The same pattern holds for United States’ legislators with experience in healthcare. The quality of the arguments does not substitute for having actual occupational experience. These effects extend to elected officials: Swedish politicians are more likely to co-sign motions proposed by peers with relevant expertise. Overall, parties that foster occupational diversity are better equipped to build support for their policy agendas. The study uncovers a new mechanism through which descriptive representation can influence policy outcomes, independent of legislators' preferences.
Do the protective effects last? The effectiveness of alternative+forewarning/inoculation techniques in reducing misinformation reliance and reliance regression in the continued influence effect procedure
Authors: Buczel Klara Austeja , Siwiak Adam , Kękuś Magdalena , Szpitalak Malwina
Published: January 2024

The continued influence effect (CIE) refers to continued reliance on misinformation, even after it has been retracted. There are several techniques to counter it, such as forewarnings or presenting alternative explanations that can replace misinformation in knowledge or mental models of events. However, the existing research shows that they generally do not eliminate CIE, and their protective effects do not appear to be durable over time. In two experiments (N = 441), we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the alternative explanation technique and a combination of an alternative explanation and a forewarning (Experiment 1) or inoculation (Experiment 2) in both reducing CIE and the effect of increasing misinformation reliance over time, which is called belief regression. We found that an alternative reduced CIE, while combining it with a forewarning or inoculation boosted this protective effect in the pretest. Nevertheless, the protective effect of the alternative+forewarning and inoculation techniques was not sustained, as shown by the fact that misinformation reliance increased for over 7 days, despite continued memory of the correction. A similar pattern, albeit with mixed evidence from NHST vs. Bayesian analyses, was found for the alternative+inoculation technique. In the Discussion, we address issues such as the potential cognitive mechanisms of this effect. Despite all the similarities, given the difference in both methodology and results, we proposed that increased misinformation reliance over time in inferential reasoning should be attributed not to belief regression but to a phenomenon we refer to as reliance regression.
Classification of psychosis spectrum disorders using graph convolutional networks with structurally constrained functional connectomes
Authors: Lewis Madison , Jiang Wenlong , Theis Nicholas , Cape Joshua , Prasad Konasale
Published: January 2024

This article considers the problem of classifying individuals in a dataset of diverse psychosis spectrum conditions, including persons with subsyndromal psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and controls. This task is more challenging than the traditional problem of distinguishing patients from controls using brain network features, since the neurobiological differences between PLE individuals and healthy persons are less pronounced than between patients and controls. Further, examining a transdiagnostic sample compared to controls is in line with contemporary approaches to understanding the neurobiology of psychoses. We consider both support vector machines (SVMs) and graph convolutional networks (GCNs) for classification, with a variety of edge selection methods for processing the inputs. We also employ the MultiVERSE algorithm to generate network embeddings of the functional and structural networks for each subject, used as inputs for the SVMs. The best models among SVMs and GCNs yield accuracies above 65%. Investigation of network connectivity between persons with PLE and controls identified the right PGi, as defined in the Glasser parcellation and is in the inferior parietal cortex, as a central region of network communication. Class activation mapping analysis revealed that the PLE group had salient regions in the dorsolateral prefrontal, orbital and polar frontal cortices, and the lateral temporal cortex, whereas the controls did not. Our study demonstrates the potential usefulness of deep learning methods to distinguish persons with subclinical psychosis syndrome and diagnosable disorders from controls, which could help improve accuracy and reliability of clinical diagnoses, provide neurobiological bases for making diagnoses, and initiate early intervention strategies.
Consumer-Driven Climate Mitigation: Exploring Barriers and Solutions in Studying Higher Mitigation Potential Behaviors
Authors: Lembregts Christophe , Cadario Romain
Published: January 2024

A systematic review of sustainable consumer behaviors in five prominent consumer research journals revealed that green behaviors with greater potential for climate mitigation (e.g., plant-based consumption) have not been broadly studied, indicating promising opportunities for future research. In an exploratory survey, we conceptually replicate this finding using a sample of consumer researchers with a general interest in studying higher-potential behaviors. We explore potential explanations, including researchers' focus on construct-to-construct mapping, preference for behaviors they personally experience or find easy to implement, lack of incentives to study higher-potential behaviors, and inadequate understanding of mitigation potential. To help shift consumer researchers’ focus on higher-potential behaviors, we offer concrete recommendations, such as proactively considering mitigation potential both as authors and reviewers, and utilizing phenomenon-to-construct mapping for enhancing theoretical contributions. In sum, this research will help interested consumer researchers to provide more relevant answers to the urgent challenge of climate change mitigation.
Assessing the Effects of Fjord Geometry on Greenland Tidewater Glacier Stability
Authors: Fischer Elizabeth , Aschwanden Andy
Published: January 2024

Tidewater glaciers advance and retreat in unpredictable ways, complicating the task of forecasting the evolution of individual glaciers and the overall Greenland Ice Sheet, much of which is drained by tidewater glaciers. Past observational research has identified a set of processes collectively known as the Tidewater Glacier Cycle (TGC) to describe tidewater glacier evolution in four stages: the advancing stage, the extended stage, the retreating stage and the retreated stage. Once glacier retreat is initiated, the TGC is thought to depend largely on the glacier's calving rate, which is controlled by fjord geometry. However, there has been little modeling or systematic observational work on the topic.Measuring calving rates directly is challenging and thus we developed an averaged von Mises stress state at the glacier terminus as a calving rate proxy that can be estimated from surface velocities, ice thickness, a terminus position, and subglacial topography. We then analyzed 44 tidewater glaciers in Greenland and assessed the glaciers current state in the TGC. Of the 44 glaciers, we find that fjord geometry is causing instability in 10 cases, vs. stability in 7, with 11 in rapid retreat and 16 have been historically stable.
The numerical evaluation of the effect of Geotextile sample size on the behavior of reinforced cohesive soil
Authors: khairnar Kuwar , Shivde Sintash
Published: January 2024

The effect of sample size is a phenomenon that involves the dependence of resistance on the sizeof the tested sample, where smaller samples exhibit higher resistance compared to larger ones. Dueto the importance and sensitivity of determining the resistances of laboratory samples for use indesign, codes, and standards, efforts are made to minimize the effects of sample size. This issueholds true for the design of reinforced soil structures. Given the cost and time-consuming natureof laboratory tests and the desire to reduce costs, save time, and facilitate numerical modeling forpredicting soil behavior, there is a significant inclination towards numerical modeling.In this study, after validating the computer model with numerical simulation of triaxial test results,the effect of size was examined by constructing models with different sizes. The PLAXIS 2Dsoftware performed this simulation in the axisymmetric pattern and analyzed one-fourth of thetotal sample. All experiments were conducted on unreinforced cohesive soil with geotextilereinforcement, subjected to confining pressures of 400, 600, 800, and 1000 kPa, with differentdiameters (38, 100, 200, and 400 millimeters) and modeled with one to four layers of geotextile.The presence of geotextile increases the maximum resistance, and this increase is morepronounced at higher confining pressures and a greater number of reinforcing layers. The resultsalso indicate that decreasing the sample diameter leads to a decrease in confining pressure and thedistance between geotextile layers. However, for unreinforced samples and samples with diameterslarger than 400 millimeters, the size effect has no significant impact on the results.
Coping with Information Extraction from In-Situ Data Acquired in Natural Streams
Authors: Baydaroğlu Özlem , Muste Marian , Cikmaz Atiye , Kim Kyeongdong , Meselhe Ehab , Demir Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

Flood waves propagating in natural streams are highly complex flow situations with intricate dependencies among flow variables that are still not well understood. The most relevant information for deciphering these dependencies is extracted from continuous in-situ measurements acquired through high sampling frequency with special attention to the magnitude and timing of the hydrograph peaks. The new generation of acoustic instruments can produce experimental evidence if the useful nonlinear, nonstationary signals are extracted from the inherently noisy dataset acquired on site. This study presents a new screening protocol to smoothen streamflow data from the unwanted influences and noise generated by flow perturbations and observational fluctuations. The protocol is flexible and robust combining quantitative (statistical fitness parameters) and qualitative (domain expert judgments) evaluations. The screening protocol is tested with 18 smoothing methods applied to 118 datasets to identify the optimal data conditioning candidates. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to assess the validity, generality, and scalability of the smoothing procedures. The main goal of this analysis is to set a mathematical foundation for the empirical results that can lead to unified, general conclusions on principles or protocols for unsteady flows propagating in open channels, formulating practical guidance for future data acquisition and processing, and using the in-situ data to better support numerical and data-driven modeling efforts.
Quaternary and Pliocene sea-level changes at Camarones, central Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Rubio-Sandoval Karla , Ryan Deirdre , Richiano Sebastian , Giachetti Luciana , Hollyday Andrew , Bright Jordon , Gowan Evan , Pappalardo Marta , Austermann Jacqueline , Kaufman Darrell , Rovere Alessio
Published: January 2024

Geological indicators of past relative sea level changes are fundamental to reconstruct the extent of former ice sheet during past interglacials, which are considered analogs for future climate conditions. Four interglacials, dating from Holocene to Pliocene, have left sea-level imprints in the proximity of the coastal town of Camarones in Central Patagonia, Argentina. Sea-level index points were preserved as beach ridges deposited by storm waves above modern sea level. We used highly accurate survey techniques to measure the elevation of these deposits. Satellite-derived wave measurements and wave runup models were then employed to calculate their indicative meaning (i.e., their elevation with respect to sea level at the time of deposition). The paleo relative sea levels (i.e., uncorrected for post-depositional vertical land motions) associated with the four interglacials (with 1σ uncertainties) are 6±1.5 m (Holocene); 8.7±2.1 m (MIS 5e); 14.5±1.5 m (MIS 9 or 11); and 36.2±2.7 m (Early Pliocene). Ages have been obtained using both published (U-series, Electron Spin Resonance, and Radiocarbon) and new (Amino Acid Racemization and Radiocarbon) dating constraints. We compare our results with published glacial isostatic adjustment and mantle dynamic topography predictions, and we highlight that refining these models before calculating the global mean sea level for the interglacials mentioned above is necessary. Our high-resolution data provide a significant benchmark for paleo relative sea-level studies in the Southwestern Atlantic.
Use of a PECS-based Electronic Communication Application in Working with Children with Developmental Disabilities. Case Study
Authors: Shvedovskiy Evgeny
Published: January 2024

Objectives. The use of alternative and augmented communication in children and adults with developmental disabilities significantly improves the skills necessary for successful social adaptation and learning. The article analyzes the results of using the PECS IV+ tablet communication app in several children with different types of developmental disabilities.Methods. Three children with different types of developmental disabilities (including autism, cognitive impairments etc.) aged 5-6 years took part in this case study. Participants study in the preschool department of the “My Planet” Inclusive Center. To test the effects and effectiveness of using the PECS IV+ application, a multiple-baseline design was used. We analyzed the transition from the analog version of PECS to the tablet application. The dependent variables were the number mands (non-verbal request behavior) and episodes of problem behavior. In addition, we calculated the d-Cohen effect size for each participant.Results. There were no significant differences between background and intervention in the number of mands. However, two out of three children showed medium effect sizes for changes in the intervention phase. In terms of the number of episodes of problem behavior, a significant decrease was detected in the intervention phase in two out of three subjects.Conclusion. The study suggests that when using the e-application, the study participants showed reductions in some types of undesirable behaviours, as well as successful requesting skills.
The effectiveness of interventions addressing conspiracy beliefs: a meta-analysis
Authors: Stasielowicz Lukasz
Published: January 2024

Developing effective interventions to reduce conspiracy beliefs is urgent because they are thought to have harmful effects, such as vaccine hesitancy and prejudice. The present Bayesian three-level meta-analysis with 273 effect sizes from 56 samples (N = 27,996) provides the first comprehensive overview of factors affecting intervention effectiveness, including characteristics of samples, interventions, and conspiracy beliefs. The findings indicate that interventions tend to be slightly effective (g = 0.16, 95% CR [0.12, 0.20]). However, effect sizes exhibited substantial variability. By adopting evidence-based recommendations, such as tailoring intervention content to specific beliefs and avoiding single-item measures of conspiracy beliefs, intervention effectiveness can exceed g = 0.3. The findings advance current theories about the relevance of particular sender, message, and recipient characteristics in combatting harmful conspiracy beliefs. Furthermore, the identified research gaps, such as the scarcity of research on long-term effects, provide valuable insights for further improvements in this research area.
The Pleasurable Urge to Move to Music is Unchanged in Musical Anhedonia
Authors: Romkey Isaac David , matthews tomas , Foster Nicholas E. V. , Bella Simone Dalla , Penhune Virginia
Published: January 2024

In cognitive science, the sensation of “groove” has been defined as the pleasurable urge to move to music. When listeners rate rhythmic stimuli on derived pleasure and urge to move, ratings on these dimensions are highly correlated. However, recent behavioural and brain imaging work has shown that these two components may be separable. To examine this potential separability, our study investigates the sensation of groove in people with specific musical anhedonia. Individuals with musical anhedonia have a blunted ability to derive pleasure from music but can still derive pleasure from other domains (e.g., sex and food). People with musical anhedonia were identified as those with scores in the lower 10% of scores on the Barcelona Musical Reward Questionnaire, but who had no deficits in music perception, no symptoms of depression, average levels of physical and social anhedonia, and sensitivity to punishment and reward. We predicted that if the two components of groove are separable, individuals with musical anhedonia would experience lower levels of derived pleasure but have comparable ratings of wanting to move compared to controls. Groove responses were measured in an online study (N=148) using a set of experimenter-generated musical stimuli varying in rhythmic and harmonic complexity, which were validated in several previous studies. Surprisingly, we found no significant differences in groove response between individuals with musical anhedonia (n = 17) and a matched control group (n = 17). Mediation analyses for the anhedonia sample found that wanting to move ratings fully mediated the effect of rhythmic and harmonic complexity on pleasure ratings. Taken together, these results indicate that the urge to move may compensate for the blunted pleasure sensation in those with musical anhedonia. More generally, these results suggest that the urge to move is a primary source of pleasure in the groove response.
Neural Representation of Compositional Ideas with Spatial Structure
Authors: Plunkett Dillon , Frankland Steven M , Greene Joshua D.
Published: January 2024

Human cognition is both compositional and multimodal. We can combine familiar conceptual components in precise ways to build novel composite thoughts and we can represent ideas in different formats—including both symbolic, language-like representations and depictive mental images. Recent neuroimaging studies of how the brain represents complex, structured ideas have focused on tasks in which only symbolic representations are needed or explicitly elicited. Here, we investigated where and how the brain represents compositional ideas that are defined by spatial structure as they are translated from symbolic representations into mental images. While undergoing fMRI, participants read verbal descriptions of arrangements of shapes, imagined those arrangements, and matched their mental images to familiar visual objects. We searched the cortex for regions where activation patterns reliably distinguished between alternative arrangements of the same shapes (e.g. a circle above a square vs. a square above a circle) to identify regions supporting structured compositional cognition, whether using linguistic, visuospatial, or alternative representational formats. Structure-dependent information was found in a number of regions, including bilateral clusters in and near the supramarginal gyrus, superior parietal lobule, intraparietal sulcus, precuneus, superior temporal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, lateral posterior temporal cortex, anterior medial prefrontal cortex, as well as left mid-superior temporal cortex.
Shared patterns of cognitive control behaviour and electrophysiological markers in adolescence
Authors: Wiker Thea , Alnæs Dag , Pedersen Mads Lund , Norbom Linn B. , Boer Olga D. , Kjelkenes Rikka , Voldsbekk Irene , Karl Valerie , Bukhari Shervin , Moberget Torgeir , Westlye Lars T. , Huster Rene , Tamnes Christian K.
Published: January 2024

Behavioural parameters obtained from cognitive control tasks have been linked to electrophysiological markers. Yet, most previous research has investigated only a few specific behavioural parameters at a time. An integrated approach with simultaneous consideration of multiple aspects of behaviour may better elucidate the development and function of cognitive control. Here, we aimed to identify shared patterns between cognitive control behaviour and electrophysiological markers using stop signal task data and electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings from an adolescent sample (N = 193, aged 11-25). We extracted behavioural variables covering various aspects of reaction time, accuracy, inhibition, and decision-making processes, as well as amplitude and latency of the event-related potentials N1, N2, and P3. To identify shared patterns between the two sets of variables, we employed principal component analysis and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). First, we replicated previously reported associations between various cognitive control behavioural parameters. Next, results from the CCA showed that overall good task performance was associated with fast and strong neural processing. Furthermore, the canonical correlation was affected by age, indicating that the association varies depending on age. The present study suggests that although distributional and computational methods can be applied to extract specific behavioural parameters, they might not capture specific patterns of cognitive control or electrophysiological brain activity in adolescents.
Video-Based Modelling Examples and Comparative Self-Explanation Prompts for Teaching a Complex Problem-Solving Strategy
Authors: Meier Julius , Hesse Peter , Abele Stephan , Renkl Alexander , Glogger-Frey Inga
Published: January 2024

BackgroundIn example-based learning, examples are often combined with generative activities, such as comparative self-explanations of example cases. Comparisons induce heavy demands on working memory, especially in complex domains. Hence, only stronger learners may benefit from comparative self-explanations. While static text-based examples can be compared easily, this is challenging for transient video-based modelling examples used in complex domains because simultaneous processing of two videos is not feasible.ObjectivesTo allow for such comparisons, we combined video-based modelling examples with static representations (i.e., summarizing tables) of the observed optimal and a suboptimal solution of the problem-solving process. A comparative self-explanation prompt asked learners to compare the different solution approaches. Our study investigated the impact of video-based modelling examples versus independent problem-solving on cognitive load and problem-solving skill development. Moreover, we investigated the effects of comparative versus sequential self-explanation prompts, depending on learners’ prior knowledge. MethodsIn an experiment, 118 automotive apprentices learned a car malfunction diagnosis strategy. Apprentices were divided into three groups: (1) modelling examples with comparative self-explanation prompts, (2) modelling examples with sequential prompts, and (3) no examples or prompts. Diagnostic knowledge and skills were assessed before and after the intervention. Cognitive load was measured retrospectively.Results and ConclusionsDespite no observed effects on cognitive load, modelling examples enhanced diagnostic knowledge and diagnostic skills with scaffolds, though not independent diagnostic skills without scaffolds. The need for more practice opportunities to foster independent diagnostic skills is assumed. Additionally, comparative prompts appear promising for learners with more prior knowledge.TakeawaysVideo-based modelling examples were more beneficial for learning than practising to apply the diagnostic strategy. Static representations allow for comparisons of video examples and comparative prompts are promising for learners with more prior knowledge (cf. expertise-reversal effect). Further research, especially on the effects on cognitive load, is necessary.
The geo domain: a review on the conceptualization of geographical and geopolitical entities.
Authors: Falcinelli Ilenia , Fini Chiara , Mazzuca Claudia , Borghi Anna M.
Published: January 2024

Investigating how people represent the natural environment and abstract it into geographical and geopolitical categories is pivotal to comprehend how they move and interact with the places they inhabit and is crucial to develop policies aimed at improving sustainable development. Yet, the conceptualization of geographical and geopolitical domains has received scant attention so far. To deal with that, we reviewed 68 articles tackling this topic. Most studies have focused on assessing the universality of these concepts, especially geographical ones, mainly using free-listing and ethnophysiographic methods. Current perspectives tend to favor a non-universalistic characterization of this kind of concepts, emphasizing their high cross-linguistic and cross-cultural variability, especially when compared with other conceptual domains. Since geographical features are not pre-segmented by nature, the role of categories imposed by humans is crucial for these concepts. Importantly, their variability does not only depend on cross-cultural differences: evidence suggests that the cognitive demand requested by the task, idiosyncratic characteristics of individuals such as expertise level, and the typology of inhabited environments are further factors impacting geographical and geopolitical conceptual flexibility. Exploring the factors influencing our understanding of geographical and geopolitical categories can provide valuable insights for instructing effective communication policies to enhance sustainable development and to address ecological emergencies, taking into consideration diverse cultural backgrounds within different populations.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence in a Telemental Health Clinic
Authors: Guinn Victoria , Joseph Roshni , Bunge Eduardo , Sheperis Donna , Assenheim-Dagan Lee , Sadeh-Sharvit Shiri
Published: January 2024

The rapid increase in teletherapy in recent years, alongside the increase in digital therapeutics platforms, requires that therapists be trained in the use of telemental health resources. This program evaluation study outlines a telemental health clinic's adoption and integration of an artificial intelligence (AI) based platform, specifically designed to improve the quality of care and automate the administrative tasks associated with therapy. We detail the goals of the AI integration process and present initial findings on the clinic's use of AI to enhance therapist intervention skills and facilitate measurement-based care and data-driven supervision. The study included data from 175 sessions provided by 13 counseling and clinical psychology trainees and with 93 clients. Metrics, including interventions delivered, session themes, therapist/client talk ratio, and clients’ depression and anxiety outcomes, were collected through AI algorithms. The study found that psychologists in training used primarily validation (occurring in 97.6% of sessions), setting action plan/homework (63.1%), teaching cognitive behavioral therapy skills (52.1%), reflective listening (49.7%), and agenda setting (44.1%). Therapist talk time averaged 43%, and common themes encompassed family, relationships, work, sleep, and school. High client satisfaction and a 15% reduction in depressive symptoms and 7% in anxious symptoms by session 7 were also found. This program evaluation illustrates how AI can quantify therapeutic processes, identify evidence-based practices, and highlight pertinent session themes. Utilizing AI in a telemental health training clinic can guide treatment and enhance clinical skills in novice clinicians.
Creativity in digitally mediated times: How digital tools support creativity across domains.
Authors: Ceh Simon M. , Rafner Janet , Benedek Mathias
Published: January 2024

While digitalization is thought to have a major impact on creativity, little is known about how digital tools support the creative process across specific stages and domains. Building on a newdigital creativity support framework that considers the role of digital tool features (i.e., functions, content, and community) across separable stages in the creative process (i.e., ideation, production, presentation), two survey studies (N1 = 497, N2 = 1200) examined the relevance and type of digital tools used across eight creative domains. We found that while digital tools pervade all stages in the creative process, there are notable differences in the extent and type of feature support across domains (e.g., handicraft vs. science) and skill levels. The reported tools revealed the high relevance of social media for creative behaviors, next to domain-specific tools. We discuss how creative behavior gets transformed by digital tools and implications for the research community.
Building momentum: A computational model of persistence in long-term goals
Authors: Aenugu Sneha , O'Doherty John
Published: January 2024

Extended goals necessitate extended commitment. We address how humans select between multiple goals in a temporally-extended setting. We probe whether humans are likely to engage in prospective valuation of goals by estimating which goals are likely to yield future success and choosing those, or whether they rely on a less optimal retrospective strategy by favoring goals with greater accumulated progress even if less likely to result in success. To address this, we introduce a novel task where goals need to be persistently selected until a set target is reached to earn an overall reward. In a series of experiments, we show that human goal selection involves a mix of both prospective and retrospective influences, with an undue bias in favor of retrospective valuation. We show that a model of goal valuation that utilizes the concept of `momentum', where progress accrued toward a goal builds value and persists across trials, successfully explains human behavior better than alternative frameworks. Our findings thus suggest an important role for momentum in explaining the valuation process underpinning human goal selection.
Studies in Support of 'Decomposing Modal Thought'
Authors: Phillips Jonathan Scott , Kratzer Angelika
Published: January 2024

These studies were conducted in the process of developing the theory presented in 'Decomposing Modal Thought'.
Designing Questionnaires for Assessing Communal Quality of Life: A Well-Living Paradigm Study of Regional Australia's Muslim Diaspora
Authors: Hosseini S A Hamed
Published: January 2024

This paper introduces a novel survey questionnaire designed by S A Hamed Hosseini, aimed at assessing the quality of life of Muslims in regional Australia. The development of this survey is guided by the conceptual framework of the “Well-Living Paradigm,” as outlined in Hosseini’s 2023 article. This paradigm forms the basis for a comprehensive exploration of various life aspects including socio-economic status, religious practices, health, social networks, and experiences of discrimination among the Muslim community. The questionnaire is unique in its methodical organization and holistic approach, encompassing a range of topics to ensure a thorough understanding of the quality of life from multiple perspectives. This survey operationalizes the new paradigm by structuring questions around its four essential components (objective, subjective, intersubjective, and transsubjective) and dimensions (individual, household, community, and broader society). Each section of the questionnaire is carefully crafted to reflect the key concepts and themes of the paradigm, facilitating data collection that is theoretically aligned and contextually relevant. The survey also incorporates innovative elements, with most questions being developed anew, while others are adapted from established sources like the World Values Survey project. While the survey is specifically tailored for Muslims in regional Australia, its principles can be effectively applied in different settings, necessitating diverse research tools and approaches. This adaptability is balanced with caution against the over-reliance on positivist methodologies. The paradigm advocates a balanced integration of quantitative and qualitative methods within the critical realist ontological and epistemological frameworks. This approach ensures that the data analysis remains deeply connected to and informed by the theoretical underpinnings of the paradigm, thereby guaranteeing empirically sound and philosophically consistent research outcomes.
Are Scientists Changing their Research Productivity Classes When They Move up the Academic Ladder?
Authors: Kwiek Marek , Roszka Wojciech
Published: January 2024

We approach productivity in science in a longitudinal fashion: We track scientists’ careers over time, up to 40 years. We first allocate scientists to decile-based publishing productivity classes, from the bottom 10% to the top 10%. Then, we seek patterns of mobility between the classes in two career stages: assistant professorship and associate professorship. Our findings confirm that radically changing publishing productivity levels (upward or downward) almost never happens. Scientists with a very weak past track record in publications emerge as having marginal chances of becoming scientists with a very strong future track record across all science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) fields. Hence, our research shows a long-term character of careers in science, with one’s publishing productivity during the apprenticeship period of assistant professorship heavily influencing productivity during the more independent period of associate professorship. We use individual-level microdata on academic careers (from a national registry of scientists) and individual-level metadata on publications (from the Scopus raw dataset). Polish associate professors tend to be stuck in their productivity classes for years: High performers tend to remain high performers, and low performers tend to remain low performers over their careers. Logistic regression analysis powerfully supports our two-dimensional results. We examine all internationally visible Polish associate professors in five fields of science in STEMM fields (N = 4,165 with Nart = 71,841 articles).
Business Environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Context of Attracting Foreign Direct Investments
Authors: Petković Stevan , Misirača Dalibor , Stanić Slobodan , Gnjatić Dragan
Published: January 2024

Svrha rada je da pruži pregled poslovnog okruženja u Bosni i Herce­govini i objasni njegov uticaj na priliv stranih direktnih investicija. U radu će se dalje analizirati struktura, iznosi i priliv stranih direktnih investici­ja koje je Bosna i Hercegovina privukla posljednjih godina. Prema podacima iz izvještaja međunarodnih organizacija, a na osnovu veći­ne pokazatelja, Bosna i Hercegovina i dalje zaostaje za susjednim zemljama. Da bi se stimulisao priliv stranih direktnih investicija, potrebno je stvoriti pre­duslove za njihov veći priliv, ali i stvoriti povoljan poslovni ambijent koji će biti atraktivan za strane investitore. Bosna i Hercegovina mora preduzeti niz aktivnosti, kako bi unaprijedila uku­pnu poslovnu klimu. Koje su to postojeće poslovne prepreke koje treba priori­tetno otkloniti, što bi rezultiralo povećanjem stranih direktnih investicija, ta­kođe će biti predmet razmatranja u ovom radu.
Influence of Work Climate on Employee Satisfaction
Authors: Nedović Mirjana , Andraković Tatjana
Published: January 2024

Radna klima na radnom mjestu utječe na ponašanje zaposlenika. Pozitivna radna klima djeluje motivirajuće i pridonosi ostvarivanju postavlje­nih ciljeva poduzeća i obratno, loša radna klima djeluje demotivirajuće za za­poslenika čime se smanjuje njihova radna perfomanca. Stoga, radno okruže­nje je izazov menadžmentu koji treba pronaći odgovarajuće alate i primjenji­vati motivacijske tehnike s kojima će unaprjeđivati radnu klimu i promicati or­ganizacijsku kulturu. Cilj rada je spoznati razinu zadovoljstva zaposlenika ra­dom klimom i uvjetima poslovanja, te identificirati eventualno negativne čim­benike koje utječu na zaposlenike. U radu se analiziraju rezultati provedenog istraživanja putem anketnog upitnika na 36 ispitanika i njihovom stavu u od­nosu na radnu okolinu. U radu su korištene znanstvene metode analize, sinte­ze i deskripcije kao i istraživačka metoda anketiranja. Rezultati istraživanja bit će koristan alat menadžmentu u identifikaciji svih čimbenika koji unazađuju pozitivnu radnu klimu kao i identifikaciju onih čimbenika koji se trebaju nje­govati i razvijati, jer stvaraju zadovoljstvo zaposlenika i pozitivan stav u poslu.
Interest Groups and the Size of the Public Sector: Is There a Relationship?
Authors: Golem Silvia
Published: January 2024

Dobro organizirane i jake interesne skupine mogu imati koristi od raznih vladinih akcija na štetu ukupne populacije poreznih obveznika. U za­mjenu za takve usluge, posebne interesne skupine nude političku potporu izravno ili neizravno utječući na stajališta opće javnosti ili na oba načina. Ko­risti za svakog pojedinca male lobističke grupe od posebnog interesa mogu biti ogromne, dok se troškovi takvih političkih „transakcija” obično raspore­đuju kroz veće poreze (ili dug) na cijelu populaciju poreznih obveznika. Po­sljedično, troškovi za prosječnog poreznog obveznika čine se malima i sto­ga će se vjerojatno tolerirati. Kao rezultat toga, stvara se mali trošak za vla­du da zadovolji zahtjeve interesnih skupina, dok (političke) koristi mogu biti znatne. Na taj način interesne skupine mogu u konačnici utjecati na djelova­nje vlade i njezin udio u gospodarstvu. Međutim, nisu sve interesne skupine jednako učinkovite u ostvarivanju svojih ciljeva. Glavni cilj ovog rada je istra­žiti teorijske postavke i empirijske pokušaje procjene odnosa između veličine javnog sektora u gospodarstvu i interesnih skupina.
Neoliberal Economy in Collision with Orthodox Ecclesiology
Authors: Dugalić Nenad D.
Published: January 2024

Bezidejnost modernog društva rezultira u obezboženju ekonomi­je i identifikaciji ljudskog progresa sa privrednim rastom i razvojem. Tenden­cija jeste da se minimizira uticaj bilo kakve moralne i duhovne vrednosti koje sprečavaju ostvarenje materijalnog dobitka. Neprekidna akumulacija kapi­tala i enormno povećanje profita, bez ikakvog krajnjeg smisla dovodi do eko­nomske i društvene krize. Problem nije u progresivnom razvoju, već u jedno­stranosti i apsurdnom ekonomskom rastu čiji je cilj stvaranje viška vredno­sti, a ne služenje ljudskim potrebama. Upravo se zbog toga javljaju socijalni problemi i društvene nejednakosti, gde se čovek ne sagledava kao jedinstve­no psihofizičko biće satkano iz Božije ljubavi. Zato se u ovom radu čini poku­šaj da se barem malo ukaže na dosta divergentne odnose pravoslavnog pre­danja i neoliberalne ekonomije u savremenom svetu.
Student-Centered Teaching
Authors: Kurpejović Jasmina , Savić Marinko , Skenderović Ibro , Aljković Kadrić Suada
Published: January 2024

Vaspitno-obrazovni sistem koji se temelji na zadacima koji se re­alizuju na didaktički oblikovanim sadržajima, kroz raznovrsne oblike i po­moću različitih sredstava i društveno određenim ciljevima naziva se nastava. Planski organizovan vaspitno – obrazovni sistem kojim se nastavnik rukovo­di da pomogne učenicima da se razvijaju kao ličnosti, stiču nove navike, zna­nje i vještine. Nastava se ne ograničava na jedan dan, sedmicu ili mjesec, ona uvijek traje duži vremenski period zato što je ona procesualna aktivnost, dok polaznici ili učenici ne postignu ciljeve postavljene nastavnim programom. Ona je neophodna da bi se pokazao osnovni sadržaj te aktivnosti. Ona i vas­pitava i obrazuje učesnike ili polaznike. Ako se ona svede samo na vaspitni ili ipak samo na obrazovni aspekt to je pogrešno, takvih pokušaja je bilo dosta ali nijesu bili uspješni već pogrešni. Aktivna nastava je savremeni oblik nasta­ve koja se uspješno primjenjuje u savremenim školama.