bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Program Field Study dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengajar Mahasiswa Program Magister PAI UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Authors: Ulfah Suci Nurmaya , Arifi Ahmad , Fatkhan Muhammad , Fitria Anis Fajar
Published: February 2025

Effective educators are essential to foster a quality generation, so their competencies must continue to be developed. There are special education programs for those who want to become educators at the higher education level. Where students who show extraordinary academic achievement are identified as prospective future educators, this study intends to examine the impact of the Field Study Program for students of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) Master program on learning capacity to achieve mastery of the course. This study uses a qualitative methodology, namely descriptive research design. This study's participants were postgraduate students taking the PAI Master program at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. The results of this study indicate that field study has a significant way to improve student's learning abilities. The method includes observation, implementation, and assessment of the learning process to provide adequate assistance. This practice allows them to demonstrate their teaching talents as prospective educators.
Pengaruh Tingkat Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Fikih di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Mahrusiyah
Authors: Syirva Atika Nailah , Arifin Zaenal
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the influence of teacher pedagogical competence on student learning outcomes in the subject of Fiqh. The method used in this research is a quantitative method. The results of this research show that teacher pedagogical competence influences student learning outcomes in the Fiqh subject, which can be seen from the results of simple linear regression analysis and analysis of the coefficient of determination. From the analysis results, it shows a significance value of 0.001, it can be seen that 0.001 < 0.05. Thus, this research hypothesizes that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected, with the statement that there is an influence of teacher pedagogical competence on student learning outcomes in the subject of jurisprudence. The results of the analysis of the coefficient of determination show that R Square is 0.336, which means that it indicates that the independent variable in the form of teacher pedagogical competence has an influence on the dependent variable in the form of student learning outcomes by 33.6%, and the remaining 66.4% is influenced by other variables.
Integrated Curriculum in Islamic School: Integration of Knowledge and Parental Involvement
Authors: Dardiri Muhammad Amiruddin , Su’aidi Mohamad Zaki
Published: February 2025

Integrative education is one of the current trends in education models, especially integration in the curriculum aspect with a broad understanding, not only limited to the curriculum as a list of subjects but also learning experiences for students. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of integrated education in two aspects: first, the integration of knowledge, and second, the integrative role between school (teachers) and home (parents). This research was conducted using a qualitative approach at Al-Azhar Islamic School Solo Baru. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used interactive analysis with steps: 1) data condensation, 2) data display, and 3) drawing and verifying conclusion. The results of the study showed: 1) Al-Azhar Islamic School harmonizes empirical sciences with religious sciences in the education process; 2) The process of integrating educators at home (parents) and at school (teachers) is an essential aspect of implementing an integrative curriculum. Well-educated parents can contribute to the children's education process at school.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Completing Final Projects as a Form of Student Independence and Creativity
Authors: Wibowo Adi , Faridah Ida
Published: February 2025

This research explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) integration in increasing student independence and creativity while completing the final project in higher education. This research is based on technological advances in artificial intelligence used by students in their final projects as a form of creativity and student independence. This study uses a qualitative approach with a multi-case case study design in two Islamic religious universities. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with several lecturers and students and top management as informants, observations, and documentation analysis, which were then analyzed using data reduction techniques and inductive conclusions drawn. The main findings of this study reveal that the application of AI in final projects not only speeds up the completion process but also stimulates students' creativity through advanced analytical tools that allow them to explore innovative solutions to complex problems. In addition, AI will enable students to develop research independence and encourage them to think critically and adaptively to technological changes in an academic context. The research findings as a practical contribution show that integrating AI in the curriculum and final projects can enrich the learning process, broaden academic horizons, and improve students' readiness to face rapidly evolving industry challenges.
The Return of the Viral Helhest: Presentation of a Western Equine Encephalitis Case Report
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni,University of Buenos Aires (UBA),Buenos Aires, Argentina, Agustin Moreno Gil , Diego , Laura Fuentes ,   1 Postgraduate Student, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni,University of Buenos Aires (UBA),Buenos Aires, Argentina, Jaime Aguirre ,   1 Postgraduate Student, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni,University of Buenos Aires (UBA),Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fernando Leiguarda ,   Neurologist on Staff, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Silvina Scalise ,   Neurologist on Staff, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni, Buenos Aires,, Jorgelina Kadar ,   Neurologist on Staff, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni, Buenos Aires,, Laura Pirra ,   Neurologist on Staff, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Silvia Otero ,   Neurologist on Staff, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Marcelo Katz ,   Neurologist on Staff, Department of Neurology, General Hospital for Acute Donation Francisco Santojanni, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Carlos A Mangone ,   4 Adjunct Professor Neurology Consultant, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: February 2025

Western equine encephalitis is a central nervous system disease caused by the Alphavirus virus of the
Togaviridae family, transmitted by the Aedes Albifasciatus vector. We describe the case of a previously
healthy 30-year-old male patient, resident in an urban area of the province of Buenos Aires, with a work
history of contact with horses, who was hospitalized and diagnosed with meningoencephalitis. Due to
the sluggish course of his condition that none of the most common microorganisms were isolated, an
Elisa IgM antibody test was requested in cerebrospinal fluid, which was positive for western equine
encephalitis virus. Although It is essential to take into account the low epidemiological incidence of the
disease, and in this case, with a high mortality rate; that, despite carrying out supportive treatment, the
neurological sequelae that were triggered prevented a favorable evolution in the patient.
Cita Rasa Dan Variasi Menu Dengan Sisa Makanan Biasa Pada Pasien Rawat Inap
Authors: Widyanti Windi , Rahmi Yosfi
Published: February 2025

Pelayanan makanan di rumah sakit sangat penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi pasien. Salah satu indikator untuk menilai kualitas pelayanan gizi adalah sisa makanan. Sisa makanan dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya adalah cita rasa dan variasi menu makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara cita rasa dan variasi menu dengan sisa makanan biasa pada pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan desain studi cross-sectional melibatkan data dari 80 responden yang diambil berdasarkan total sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi sisa makanan yang diukur menggunakan metode taksiran visual Comstock dan hasil dari kuesioner mengenai cita rasa dan variasi menu. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji korelasi chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara cita rasa—yang terdiri dari aroma, rasa, tekstur, dan suhu—dengan sisa makanan (p = 0,000). Selain itu, variasi menu juga menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan dengan sisa makanan pasien (p=0,001). Pasien yang menilai aroma, rasa, tekstur dan suhu tidak sesuai cenderung memiliki sisa makanan banyak. Begitu pula dengan pasien yang menilai kurangnya variasi menu. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya perbaikan dalam cita rasa dan variasi menu untuk mengurangi sisa makanan dan meningkatkan kepuasan pasien. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi referensi bagi pengelola layanan makanan rumah sakit untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan gizi dalam mendukung proses pemulihan pasien.
Towards an Experimental Education Criticism: eleven notes in place of a manifesto
Authors: Allen Ansgar
Published: February 2025

This article considers the resistance of education to criticism. Its resistance derives from the inability of criticism (as an educated medium) to consider education from the outside, and the inevitable reassertion of educational values in the work of criticism. An experimental approach to education criticism is proposed, a proposition which must itself be made somewhat obliquely and indirectly, and which should ensure in its articulation that it does not ‘amount to much’. The characteristics of experimental work will be worked out in practice and can only be gestured at here. They may involve ambivalence to art, a failure to address ‘the human condition’, and the pursuit of estrangement.
Noncognitive Skills. Module 12
Authors:   HoltIS Association
Published: February 2025

The Session ”Noncognitive Skills” explores skills that can be learned and developed, which are scientifically proven to play a role as significant as cognitive skills in helping young people build a positive life and avoid risky behaviors. In the first part of the session, parents will explore the theoretical aspects of the 7 C's (confidence, competence, connection, character, control, coping, and contribution), as well as non-cognitive skills such as those related to personal dimensions—self-concept, self-efficacy, self-regulation, motivation, creativity—and those related to social or civic areas. These skills are vital in developing resilience, defined as positive adaptation to situations despite the presence of risk. In the second part of the session, participants will apply these theoretical concepts through various practical activities. This module is part of the materials dedicated to the training of parental educators.
Bullying and Cyberbullying. Module 13
Authors:   HoltIS Association
Published: February 2025

The Module ”Bullying and Cyberbullying” offers both theoretical and practical insights into the phenomena of bullying and cyberbullying. Parents will gain an understanding of the various forms these behaviors take: verbal, physical, and emotional/psychological bullying. They will explore the causes of bullying behavior and the effects of bullying and cyberbullying in the school environment. Additionally, they will learn how to identify victims and perpetrators of these phenomena. In the first part of the module, bullying is presented as one of the most complex forms of aggression and violent behavior. A key feature is the asymmetrical power relationship between the bully and the victim, with repeated behavior aimed at the same person, highlighting the clear power imbalance. Bullying is intentional, designed to frighten or intimidate the weaker individual. Therefore, this part of the module helps parents recognize the full extent of bullying and cyberbullying. In the second part, aspects of cyberbullying are discussed, including the effects these phenomena have on young people. This module is part of the materials dedicated to the training of parental educators.
A comparison of design algorithms for choosing the training population in genomic models
Authors: Stadler Alexandra , Müller Werner G. , Futschik Andreas
Published: February 2025

In contemporary breeding programs, typically genomic best linear unbiased prediction (gBLUP) models are employed to drive decisions on artificial selection. Experiments are performed to obtain responses on the units in the breeding program. Due to restrictions on the size of the experiment, an efficient experimental design must usually be found in order to optimize the training population. Classical exchange-type algorithms from optimal design theory can be employed for this purpose. This article suggests several variants for the gBLUP model and compares them to brute-force approaches from the genomics literature for various design criteria. Particular emphasis is placed on evaluating the computational runtime of algorithms along with their respective efficiencies over different sample sizes. We find that adapting classical algorithms from optimal design of experiments can help to decrease runtime, while maintaining efficiency.
Impact of life adversity and gene expression on psychiatric symptoms in children and adolescents: findings from the Brazilian high risk cohort study
Authors: Ota Vanessa Kiyomi , Oliveira Adrielle Martins , Bugiga Amanda Victória Gomes , Conceição Helena B. , Galante Pedro Alexandre Favoretto , Asprino Paula Fontes , Schäfer Julia Luiza , Hoffmann Mauricio Scopel , Bressan Rodrigo , Brietzke Elisa , Manfro Gisele Gus , Grassi-Oliveira Rodrigo , Gadelha Ary , Rohde Luis Augusto , Miguel Euripedes Constantino , Pan Pedro Mario , Santoro Marcos Leite , Salum Giovanni Abrahao , Carvalho Carolina Muniz , Belangero Sintia Iole
Published: February 2025

Introduction

While the influence of both genetic and environmental factors on the development of psychiatric symptoms is well-recognized, the precise nature of their interaction throughout development remains a subject of ongoing debate. This study investigated the association between the expression of 78 candidate genes, previously associated with psychiatric phenotypes, in peripheral blood and both adversity and psychopathology in a sample of 298 young individuals assessed at two time points from the Brazilian High Risk Cohort Study for Mental Conditions (BHRCS).

Methods

Psychopathology was assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), considering the total CBCL, p-factor (i.e. general factor of psychopathology), and internalizing and externalizing symptoms as clinical variables. The life adversities considered in this study includes four composite variables: child maltreatment, stressful life events, threat and deprivation. Gene expression was measured using next-generation sequencing for target genes and differential gene expression was analyzed with the DESeq2 package.

Results

Mixed models revealed six genes associated with internalizing symptoms: NR3C1, HSPBP1, SIN3A, SMAD4, and CRLF3 genes exhibited a negative correlation with these symptoms, while FAR1 gene showed a positive correlation. Additionally, we also found a negative association between USP38 gene expression and externalizing symptoms. Finally, DENND11 and PRRC1 genes were negatively associated with deprivation, a latent factor characterized by neglect, parental absence, and measures of material forms of deprivation. No mediation or moderation effect was observed of gene expression on the association between life adversities and psychiatric symptoms, meaning that they might influence distinct pathways.

Discussion

Among these nine genes, NR3C1, which encodes a glucocorticoid receptor, is by far the most investigated, being associated with depressive symptoms, early life adversity, and stress. While further research is needed to fully understand the complex relationship between gene expression, life adversities, and psychopathology, our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying mental disorders.
Assessment of obstructive sleep apnea rate and associated factors among Lebanese adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaddoura Tala , Hodroj Mohamad , Chmeis Bilal , Rammal Fatima , Malhab Sandrella Bou , Mansour Sara , Akour Amal , El Khatib Sami , Hosseini Basile , Hallit Souheil , Malaeb Diana , Hosseini Hassan
Published: February 2025

Objectives

To estimate the rate of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and associated factors among Lebanese adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in February–April 2022; 1,202 Lebanese adults were enrolled. The sample was collected among several Lebanese governorates through an anonymous online self-reported questionnaire. The STOP-BANG questionnaire was used as a screening tool to estimate the OSA risk. “Low OSA risk” is established with 0–2 positive answers, “Intermediate OSA risk” is established by 3–4 positive answers while “High OSA risk” is established by 5–8 positive answers.

Results

This study showed that 743 (62.4%) of the sample had low risk for OSA, 357 (30.0%) had moderate, and 90 (7.6%) had high risk for OSA. Older age (aOR = 1.05) and having hypertension (aOR = 7.80) were associated with higher odds of moderate OSA. Female sex (aOR = 0.04) was significantly associated with lower odds of moderate OSA compared to males. Older age (OR = 1.17), higher BMI (OR = 1.14), hypertension (OR = 18.55), and having severe COVID-19 infection compared to mild (OR = 4.30) were significantly associated with higher odds of high OSA, whereas female sex (OR = 0.002) and being married compared to single (aOR = 0.23) were associated with lower odds of high OSA.

Conclusion

This study showed that most Lebanese adults have low risk for OSA. It also confirmed that sex, age, obesity, hypertension, and severe COVID-19 were associated with high OSA risk. These associated factors call for future research exploring the causes including the potential effect of social, economic, and political instability, local customs, and environmental factors. Moreover, future health campaigns should be assigned to increase awareness among Lebanese population regarding the prevention of OSA through lifestyle modifications.
Exploring the impact of vitamin D-related genetic variants on muscular fitness changes in middle-aged and older adults in Kosovo
Authors: Krasniqi Ermira , Boshnjaku Arben , Wagner Karl-Heinz , Wessner Barbara
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Age-related decline in muscle strength and performance significantly impact morbidity and mortality. Various factors including genetics have been investigated to better understand this decline. This study aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in physical performance and strength and their association with genetic variants in genes involved in the vitamin D pathway.

Methods

This longitudinal study was conducted in the Prishtina region, Kosovo, with community-dwelling adults over 40 years of age. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples to assess single nucleotide polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (rs7975232, rs2228570, rs731236, also referred to as ApaI, FokI, and TaqI, respectively) and the vitamin D binding protein (GC) gene (rs4588, rs2282679). Physical performance was assessed by isometric handgrip strength, 30-s chair stand, timed up and go and 6-min walk test. Vitamin D levels were assessed from blood samples only at follow-up.

Results

A total of 138 participants (65.1 ± 9.0 years, 52.2% female) were included. Over a 2.7-year period, significant declines in the 30-s chair stand test (p < 0.001) and timed up and go performance (p < 0.001) were observed, whereas BMI increased. Only female participants experienced a decrease in handgrip strength (p < 0.001). Genotyping showed significant associations of the ApaI variant with changes in BMI and handgrip strength. Participants with the minor CC genotype showed a greater increase in BMI and a greater decrease in absolute and relative handgrip strength. No significant interactions were observed for FokI and TaqI in the VDR gene, or rs4588 and rs2282679 in the GC gene. Vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) was prevalent in 47.5% of participants, with significant differences in 25(OH)D levels observed between genotypes of the GC gene (rs4588, p = 0.039; rs2282679, p = 0.036).

Conclusion

Physical fitness declined significantly over time, with female participants experiencing a greater decline in handgrip strength. The ApaI variant in the VDR gene was associated with changes in muscle strength, while variants in the GC gene were associated with vitamin D levels. These findings suggest that genetic factors related to the vitamin D pathway may contribute to the age-related decline in muscle strength. Therefore, genetic predisposition should be considered when developing individual interventions for healthy aging.
An Evaluation of the Accuracy of Existing Empirical and Semi-Empirical Methods for Predicting the Wing Mass of Large Transport Aircraft
Authors: Dababneh Odeh , Conway-Smith James T.
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates and evaluates the accuracy of various empirical and semi-empirical methods for predicting aircraft wing-structure mass. Eight methods were selected and analysed using data from large passenger-transport aircraft. The required technical data variables and specifications associated with these methods of wing-mass estimation were identified. When data were unavailable, sound engineering assumptions and judgments were applied as a last resort. The root mean square percentage error (RMSPE) was employed as the comparative indicator of accuracy to compute the average discrepancy between the predicted and actual wing-mass values. The resulting RMSPE values were 10% for the Kundu method, 13% for the Torenbeek II method, 15% for the Basgall method, and 17% for the Howe and LTH methods. According to the findings, the Kundu and Torenbeek II methods achieved the highest accuracy, with nonsignificant differences in their RMSPE values. Predicted wing mass was within [−12.5%, +11.7%] of the actual wing mass in approximately 62% of the study cases, which is adequate for most conceptual and preliminary aircraft-design purposes. Predictions were within [−22.3%, +20.6%] for about 25% of cases and within [−39.0%, +29.7%] for about 13% of cases. Furthermore, more complex methods did not enhance accuracy, as essential variables for these methods are often unavailable during the early design stage, rendering their inclusion less practical. Based on the collected and analysed data, a new updated formula for estimating aircraft wing mass is introduced. In comparison to the methods previously discussed, the new formula yields a superior overall RMSPE of 11%, significantly improving the accuracy of wing-mass estimation. Specifically, the results show an RMSPE of 6.5% for aircraft with a maximum takeoff mass exceeding 300,000 kg and 13% for those with a maximum takeoff mass below 300,000 kg. The refined method proves effective for wings with an aspect ratio of up to 10, offering reasonable accuracy during the conceptual design phase. However, some discrepancies still arise when this method is applied to unconventional aircraft.
Methylglyoxal Formation—Metabolic Routes and Consequences
Authors: Vašková Janka , Kováčová Gabriela , Pudelský Jakub , Palenčár Drahomír , Mičková Helena
Published: February 2025

Methylglyoxal (MGO), a by-product of glycolysis, plays a significant role in cellular metabolism, particularly under stress conditions. However, MGO is a potent glycotoxin, and its accumulation has been linked to the development of several pathological conditions due to oxidative stress, including diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases. This paper focuses on the biochemical mechanisms by which MGO contributes to oxidative stress, particularly through the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), its interactions with antioxidant systems, and its involvement in chronic diseases like diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disorders. MGO exerts its effects through multiple signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2, which induce oxidative stress. Additionally, MGO triggers apoptosis primarily via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, while endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is mediated through PERK-eIF2α and IRE1-JNK signaling. Moreover, the activation of inflammatory pathways, particularly through RAGE and NF-κB, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of these conditions. This study points out the connection between oxidative and carbonyl stress due to increased MGO formation, and it should be an incentive to search for a marker that could have prognostic significance or could be a targeted therapeutic intervention in various diseases.
Numerical Analysis of Ground Settlement of Close Buried Double-Line Shield Tunnels Under Different Excavation Conditions
Authors: Jiang Zhiheng , Wang Yuke
Published: February 2025

Construction-induced mutual disturbance exerts a substantial influence on the ground settlement of double-line tunnels, and the ground settlement of double-line tunnels differs under varying excavation conditions. This study deeply analyzes the ground subsidence of a near-buried double-line tunnel when excavating in a complex geological environment. This study provides a framework for the design and construction of double-line shield tunnels and makes up for an important gap in the existing research. The findings indicate that the construction of post-excavation tunnels leads to secondary disturbances in the soil, resulting in increased ground settlement. The influence of tunnel lateral spacing on ground subsidence is greater than that of longitudinal excavation spacing. The ground settlement of a double-line tunnel excavated concurrently exhibits an initial increase, subsequently reaching a stable state as excavation progresses. For double-line tunnels with different excavation intervals, the settlement curves exhibit three stages. The maximum horizontal deformation of double-line tunnels decreases with increasing tunnel space, and the horizontal deformation of continuously excavated double-line tunnels is greater than that of synchronously excavated double-line tunnels. The incorporation of the settlement ratio, S’, unveils a linear correlation between the settlement and the tunnel space.
Improving V2G Systems Performance with Low-Pass Filter and Fuzzy Logic for PV Power Smoothing in Weak Low-Voltage Networks
Authors: Villa-Ávila Edisson , Arévalo Paul , Ochoa-Correa Danny , Espinoza Juan Leonardo , Albornoz-Vintimilla Esteban , Jurado Francisco
Published: February 2025

The rapid integration of photovoltaic (PV) energy into weak low-voltage networks presents significant challenges to grid stability and power quality, highlighting the need for effective power smoothing methods. This paper proposes and evaluates three fuzzy logic-enhanced power smoothing techniques—V2GGlide (low-pass filter), V2GSUN (moving average filter), and V2GSmooth (ramp rate filter)—integrated with a lithium-ion battery energy storage system. The methods were tested under three distinct state-of-charge (SoC) conditions. Results show that V2GGlide achieved the highest variance reduction (22.24%) at high SoC levels, providing superior performance in mitigating power fluctuations and ensuring stable grid output. V2GSUN demonstrated consistent effectiveness, achieving variance reductions of up to 17.82% under low SoC conditions, making it well-suited for systems with intermediate storage availability. V2GSmooth exhibited balanced performance across all SoC levels, combining efficient energy delivery with reduced battery degradation, particularly at lower SoC levels. The proposed methods were validated under real-world conditions in a low-voltage microgrid laboratory connected to a public distribution network, confirming their practical applicability for enhancing PV energy integration and grid stability.
Parametric Numerical Analysis of Factors Influencing the Shear Strength of Precast Concrete Walls with Dry Connections
Authors: Ribeiro Aléxia , Daskalakis Panagiotis , Hosseini Seyedsajjad , Furtado André
Published: February 2025

Precast concrete is an advanced construction technique characterised by high precision, quality, optimisation and is increasingly used in commercial and residential buildings. However, connections between precast elements are often constructed using in-situ casting, which can delay projects and complicate disassembly at the end of a structure’s service life. Dry connections, aligned with the principles of manufacture-to-assemble (MTA), offer a practical and sustainable alternative but present significant challenges regarding seismic performance, particularly in earthquake-prone regions. This study addresses these challenges through a comprehensive parametric numerical investigation into the shear capacity of precast walls with dry connections. Using SeismoStruct 2024 software, more than 340 pushover simulations were conducted to evaluate the influence of various parameters, including concrete compressive strength, axial force percentage, wall section height, overall wall height, and connection characteristics such as bar diameter, quantity, and placement. This research provides critical insights into the combined effects of these parameters, identifying optimal configurations to maximise shear capacity, which is a vital factor for seismic performance. Key findings indicate that shear capacity is significantly enhanced by increasing section height, concrete strength, and axial load, with notable gains such as an 84% improvement in shear strength when section height increased from 2 m to 3 m under favourable conditions. Conversely, increasing overall wall height tended to reduce shear capacity, with a 58% decrease observed for walls extending from 1.5 m to 3.5 m. Adjustments in mechanical connections, including larger diameters, increased bar quantities, and optimised placements, further contributed to incremental improvements in shear strength, with increases ranging from 3% to 24%.
Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Daily Runoff Forecasting with Global Rainfall Products in Algeria
Authors: Bounab Rayane , Boutaghane Hamouda , Boulmaiz Tayeb , Tramblay Yves
Published: February 2025

Rainfall–runoff models are crucial tools for managing water resources. The absence of reliable rainfall data in many regions of the world is a major limitation for these models, notably in many African countries, although some recent global rainfall products can effectively monitor rainfall from space. In Algeria, to identify a relevant modeling approach using this new source of rainfall information, the present research aims to (i) compare a conceptual model (GR4J) and seven machine learning algorithms (FFNN, ELM, LSTM, LSTM2, GRU, SVM, and GPR) and (ii) compare different types of precipitation inputs, including four satellite products (CHIRPS, SM2RAIN, GPM, and PERSIANN), one reanalysis product (ERA5), and observed precipitation, to assess which combination of models and precipitation data provides the optimal performance for river discharge simulation. The results show that the ELM, FFNN, and LSTM algorithms give the best performance (NSE > 0.6) for river runoff simulation and provide reliable alternatives compared to a conceptual hydrological model. The SM2RAIN-ASCAT and ERA5 rainfall products are as efficient as observed precipitation in this data-scarce context. Consequently, this work is the first step towards the implementation of these tools for the operational monitoring of surface water resources in Algeria.
Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of the Fish Biomass Particle-Size Spectra in the Shandong Province Area of the Yellow River
Authors: Sun Lufeng , Que Jianglong , Niu Jianqun , Li Xiuqi , Wang Junpeng , Cong Xuri
Published: February 2025

Based on the data from a continuous fishery resource survey conducted in the Shandong province area of the Yellow River from the summer and autumn of 2022 to the winter and spring of 2023, this study constructed fish biomass particle-size spectra. It compared and analyzed the differences in the characteristics of the fish biomass particle-size spectrum parameters across four different seasons in various survey areas. The results indicated that the fish biomass particle-size spectra in the Shandong province area of the Yellow River exhibited significant seasonal and spatial variations. Overall, the shape of the Sheldon-type biomass particle-size spectra across the four seasons showed a unimodal pattern. The peak values in spring and summer ranged between 32–64 g, while in autumn, it reached 64–128 g, and in winter, it was 1024–2048 g. The dominant species shifted from small individuals in spring and summer to larger individuals in autumn and winter. The fitted curves of the standardized biomass particle-size spectra for the four seasons displayed a dome-shaped parabola, generally arranged from high to low in the biomass particle-size spectra lines from spring to winter, with winter experiencing the least external disturbance. In terms of the regional distribution, the peak particle-size classes for fish in the areas of Gaocun, Dong’a, and Gaoqing all corresponded to the particle-size class of 16–32 g, predominantly featuring small fish species such as Carassius auratus and Pseudobrama simoni. In contrast, the peak particle-size class in the estuarine waters corresponded to 512–1024 g, mainly comprising larger fish species like Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and Liza haematocheila. The differences in the standardized biomass particle-size spectra among the four regions were not significant, but the curvature of the estuarine waters was the highest, indicating the least external disturbance. The abundance–biomass comparison (ABC) curve suggested that the fish community in the Shandong province area of the Yellow River is in a severely disturbed state.
Sodium Glycerophosphate vs. Inorganic Phosphate Use in Parenteral Nutrition for Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chang Jung-Ting , Chang Yu-Jun , Chen Lih-Ju , Lee Cheng-Han , Chen Hsiao-Neng , Chen Jia-Yuh , Hsiao Chien-Chou
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Sodium glycerophosphate improves the adverse side effects of parenteral nutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate different outcomes, including metabolic bone disease and electrolyte imbalance, associated with the use of sodium glycerophosphate or inorganic phosphate in parenteral nutrition for preterm neonates. Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 402 newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of one medical center between January 2019 and September 2021. Of them, 205 received sodium glycerophosphate as parenteral nutrition, while the other 197 received inorganic phosphate. Baseline characteristics and growth parameters, including body weight, body length, and head circumference in the first year of life; calcium and phosphate content of parenteral nutrition in the first 4 weeks; calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine levels; and morbidities were compared. Results: During the first 4 weeks, the calcium and phosphate contents of parenteral nutrition were significantly higher in the sodium glycerophosphate vs. inorganic phosphate group. Growth parameters did not differ significantly between groups. The sodium glycerophosphate group showed a higher mean serum phosphate level (4.0 ± 1.2 mg/dL vs. 3.5 ± 1.3 mg/dL, p = 0.001), lower serum ALP level (402.8 ± 202.8 U/L vs. 466.4 ± 228.6 U/L, p = 0.004), lower seizure incidence (4.9% vs. 13.2%, p = 0.003), and higher hypocalcemia incidence (41.5% vs. 31.5%, p = 0.038). However, there were no significant intergroup differences in other common morbidities such as metabolic bone diseases of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, electrolyte imbalance, hypoglycemia, retinopathy of prematurity, or intraventricular hemorrhage. Conclusions: Compared to inorganic phosphate, sodium glycerophosphate is associated with higher serum phosphate levels, lower ALP levels, and reduced seizure incidence in premature infants. However, as the study was retrospective and single-center, further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Chest Compression Superimposed with Sustained Inflation or 3:1 Compression/Ventilation Ratio During Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Delivery Room: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Koo Jenny , Katheria Anup C. , Law Brenda , Solevåg Anne Lee , Pichler Gerhard , Schmölzer Georg M.
Published: February 2025

Background: Current resuscitation guidelines recommend a 3:1 chest compression/ventilation (C:V) ratio, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. An alternative might be continuous chest compression superimposed with high distending pressure or sustained inflation (CC + SI). Objective: To compare CC + SI with 3:1 C:V during neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Methods: MEDLINE (through PubMed), Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Clinical Trials.gov through June 2024. Randomized controlled trials comparing CC + SI with 3:1 C:V during neonatal CPR in the delivery room were included. Data Analysis included Risk of bias was assessed using the Covidence collaboration tool, and results were pooled into a meta-analysis using a fixed effects model. Main outcomes were In-hospital mortality (primary). Time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and air leak (secondary). Results: Two studies were included. The pooled data suggests no difference in infant mortality between CC + SI versus 3:1 C:V during neonatal CPR (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.21,1.7, p = 0.33, I2 = 63%). The use of CC + SI during neonatal CPR could result in 182 fewer per 1000 (from 351 fewer to 311 more) infant deaths. The pooled data suggested a significant reduction in time to ROSC with CC + SI versus 3:1 C:V during neonatal CPR (mean difference 115 s (from 184.75 to 45.36 s), p = 0.001, I2 = 26%). Air leak was not different between groups. Conclusions: While in-hospital mortality and air leak were not different between groups, time to ROSC was significantly reduced. A large clinical trial is warranted to assess if CC + SI improves outcomes.
Lightweight and Efficient Post Quantum Key Encapsulation Mechanism Based on Q-Problem
Authors: Kara Mostefa , Karampidis Konstantinos , Panagiotakis Spyros , Hammoudeh Mohammad , Felemban Muhamad , Papadourakis Giorgos
Published: February 2025

The Q-problem is a new lightweight and hard mathematical problem that resists quantum attacks. It depends on putting one known value and two unknown values per equation; whatever the operator, the Q-problem defines certain conditions between equations. This paper presents a new key exchange protocol based on the Q-problem. To protect secure end-to-end communication over a public transmission channel, the proposed mechanism consists of two rounds of exchanging totally random numbers, which ensure a shared secret key between two parties at the end. Security analysis proves the robustness of the proposal and experiments prove its lightness during implementation, making it a promising protocol of hybrid solutions and an assistive technique for the transition to the quantum era.
FPGA Implementation of Image Encryption by Adopting New Shimizu–Morioka System-Based Chaos Synchronization
Authors: Yang Cheng-Hsiung , Lee Jian-De , Tam Lap-Mou , Li Shih-Yu , Cheng Shyi-Chyi
Published: February 2025

This study presents an innovative approach utilizing the new Shimizu–Morioka chaotic system. By integrating adaptive backstepping control with GYC partial region stability theory, we successfully achieve synchronization of a slave system with the proposed Shimizu–Morioka chaotic system. The architecture, encompassing the chaotic master system, synchronized slave system, adaptive backstepping controllers, and parameter update laws, has been implemented on an FPGA platform. Comparative analysis demonstrates that the synchronization convergence times (e1, e2, e3, and e4) are significantly reduced compared to conventional adaptive backstepping control methods, exhibiting speed enhancements of approximately 3.42, 3.55, 5.89, and 9.23 times for e1, e2, e3, and e4, respectively. Furthermore, the synchronization results obtained from continuous-time, discrete-time systems, and FPGA implementations exhibit consistent outcomes, validating the effectiveness of the proposed model and controller. Leveraging this validated synchronization framework, chaotic synchronization and secure image encryption are successfully implemented on the FPGA platform. The chaotic signal circuits are meticulously designed and integrated into the FPGA to facilitate a robust image encryption algorithm. In this system, digital signals generated by the synchronized slave chaotic system are utilized for image decryption, while the master chaotic system’s digital signals are employed for encryption. This dual-system architecture highlights the efficacy of the chaotic synchronization method based on the novel Shimizu–Morioka system for practical applications in secure communication.
Evolution Analysis of Ecological Security Pattern in Forest Areas Coupling Carbon Storage and Landscape Connectivity: A Case Study of the Xiaoxing’an Mountains, China
Authors: Wu Shuting , Shi Song , Zhang Junling
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the Xiaoxing’an Mountains, examining the evolution of ecological security patterns and suggesting optimization strategies by integrating carbon storage and landscape connectivity, using multi-source data from 2000, 2010, and 2020. The study provides a comprehensive assessment of the region’s ecological security by estimating carbon stocks using the InVEST model, analyzing landscape connectivity through MSPA, and spatially extracting ecological corridors and nodes using circuit theory. The key findings are as follows: (1) High-value areas for carbon storage and landscape connectivity are primarily concentrated in the southeastern and northwestern forested mountain regions; (2) Ecological source areas are predominantly concentrated in the southeast and dispersed in the north, with the total area peaking in 2010 at 47,054.10 km2; (3) Northern ecological corridors are dense, radiating in a spider-web pattern, with pinch points concentrated at the corridor termini; southeastern corridors are sparse, mainly short, with fewer pinch points; (4) The area of ecological barriers increased by 280% over the past 20 years. Four major barrier zones were identified, all located at the junction of forest and farmland in the northwest, primarily composed of wetlands, drylands, and rural residential areas; (5) Based on the evolutionary characteristics of the Ecological Security Pattern over the past 20 years, an “axis, two belts, four zones, and multiple cores” ecological security planning framework was proposed, along with corresponding strategies. This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for enhancing regional ecological network stability, optimizing landscape connectivity, and strengthening carbon sink functions.
Durability, Service Life, and Techno-Economic Analysis of Non-Proprietary UHPC
Authors: Rai Bijaya , Wille Kay
Published: February 2025

Non-proprietary ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has been developed by numerous research institutes, each exhibiting unique characteristics distinct from both commercial and other non-proprietary UHPC formulations. However, comprehensive techno-economic analyses (TEA) comparing UHPC to conventional concrete, alongside extensive long-term durability assessments, remain limited. This study bridges these gaps by evaluating the long-term durability, modeling service life, and conducting a TEA of resource-efficient non-proprietary UHPCs. Durability characterization was conducted in accordance with ASTM standards, focusing on chloride ion penetration (via electrical surface resistivity), drying shrinkage, freeze–thaw (F–T) resistance, and absorption. These properties were monitored over a year to capture both transient and steady-state performance. A durability assessment factor (κ) was introduced to assess and compare the new UHPCs with existing alternatives. Results demonstrated that the UHPCs achieved high electrical surface resistivity, exceeding the low chloride ion penetration threshold of 21 kΩ∙cm within 1 week of casting. No deterioration was observed after 600 F–T cycles, indicating superior F–T resistance. Drying shrinkage remained below 0.1%, and absorption remained below 1.4%. These results highlight the long-term durability of the UHPCs, with a projected design service life surpassing 350 years, aligning closely with proprietary UHPC products.
Accelerating Recovery: A Case Report on Telerehabilitation for a Triathlete’s Post-Meniscus Surgery Comeback
Authors: Galasso Olimpio , Calabrese Mariaconsiglia , Scanniello Giuseppe , Garofano Marina , Pepe Lucia , Budaci Luana , Ungaro Gaetano , Fimiani Gianluca , Bramanti Placido , Schiavo Luigi , Corallo Francesco , Pagano Maria , Cappadona Irene , Crinisio Alessandro , Bramanti Alessia
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Meniscus injuries are common among endurance athletes, requiring structured rehabilitation to restore function and facilitate a safe return to sport. Traditional in-person rehabilitation may not always be accessible or feasible for high-performance athletes. Telerehabilitation, incorporating virtual reality, motion tracking, and telemonitoring, offers an innovative approach to guided recovery. However, evidence supporting its effectiveness in elite athletes remains limited. Case presentation: This case report explores the application of an innovative telerehabilitation program for a 49-year-old triathlete recovering from partial meniscectomy following a medial meniscus tear. The program was structured into three progressive phases over 12 weeks, focusing on restoring range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, and functional stability while gradually reintroducing sports-specific activities. Results: By the end of the rehabilitation, the patient achieved full ROM and muscle strength (scoring 5/5 on the Medical Research Council scale for the vastus medialis), along with a pain-free state in both static and dynamic conditions. The integration of telemonitoring devices facilitated detailed monitoring and feedback, enabling personalized adjustments to the rehabilitation protocol. Key milestones included a return to swimming and cycling in Phase 2, reintroduction of running in Phase 3, and a full resumption of triathlon training by week 12. Conclusions: Despite the positive results, the study highlights the need for further research to validate these findings across larger cohorts and establish standardized telerehabilitation protocols for athletes. This case underscores the potential of digital health technologies in enhancing recovery trajectories for high-demand athletes post-meniscus surgery, paving the way for supervised, accelerated, and effective sports reintegration.