bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wacana Rasisme dalam Film "Blindspotting”
Authors: Rhizky Deani Prionazvi
Published: June 2021

Masih sering kita melihat diskriminasi warna kulit yang terjadi di beberapa belahan bumi. Sejarah mencatat banyak kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang berkaitan dengan perbedaan warna kulit. Paham rasisme di berbagai belahan dunia seringkali dikaitkan dengan penindasan dan kekuasaan. Hal ini sering kita jumpai di film-film yang menayangkan realitas perilaku rasisme yang terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat. Film menjadi sebuah media untuk menyuarakan informasi yang mungkin tidak dapat langsung dikatakan karena dianggap sensitif, salah satunya adalah wacana rasisme. Film Blindspotting mengangkat tentang realitas yangterjadi di Oakland, California. Film ini menceritakan tentang bagaimana perilaku rasisme seperti diskriminasi dan stereotip yang diterima oleh masyarakat kulit hitam yang ada di kota tersebut. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough untuk mengungkap wacana rasisme yang sering terjadi di kehidupan nyata. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan mencari dimensi teks, nilai relasional, dan nilai ekspresif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui wacana rasisme yang ada dalam film Blindspotting serta memberikan gambaran bagaimana analisis dari teori Norman Fairclough. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalu dimensi teks muncul kata-kata rasisme seperti negro, nigga, dan monster. Nilai relasional yaitu kelompok hitam sering dicurigai sebagai masyarakat yang membahayakan. Pembuat film ini merepresentasikan nilai ekspresif, yaitu sikap rasisme antara lain prasangka, stereotip, diskriminasi, dan antisemitisme.

Kata kunci: wacana kritis, rasisme, film, diskriminasi
Analisis Wacana Queer pada Iklan Durex Versi Restoran Favorit Baru Hanya Untuknya: #SayangBeneran
Authors: Utomo Samuel Rihi Hadi
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana wacana queer dijelaskan dalam iklan Durex #SayangBeneran versi “Restoran Favorit Baru hanya Untuknya” dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana iklan bekerja memanggil target audiens untuk menempati posisi subjek yang ditawarkan ideologi dalam iklan. Meminjam analisis multimodal Kress dan van Leeuwen (1996), serta perspektif semiotika iklan Williamson (1978), wacana queer dalam iklan ini menunjukan menjadi product as signifier menempeli makna terkait kesetaraan gender dalam penggunaan teknologi dan sensitivitas terhadap partner. Sebagai product as generator, iklan ini membangkitkan rasa senang, nyaman dan handal terhadap partner. Maka melihat secara keseluruhan sebagai product as currency, makna tersebut hanya bisa didapatkan dari produk Durex, sebagai bukti #SayangBeneran. Wacana queer dalam iklan ini menunjukkan kebahagiaan bukanlah sesuatu yang monolitik, serta memungkinkan negosiasi dan resistensi dari wacana yang dominan. Meskipun maskulinitas dan kode dari wacana heteroseksual dan patriarki, serta kebahagiaan yang jelas diresepkan industri terlihat dalam iklan ini tetapi appellation menunjukkan ada agensi untuk tidak menempati posisi subjek yang ditawarkan ideologi dalam iklan.

Kata kunci: wacana, queer, multimodal, semiotika, iklan
Biotechnology of Nanostructures Micronutrients Vitamins for Human Health
Authors: H Madkour Loutfy
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, nanotechnology is used as a way to increase bioavailability and decrease the side effects of drugs and nutrients. Micronutrients and nutraceuticals such as vitamins, carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols are classes of food ingredients that are essential for human health and well-being. These compounds are rarely added purely to the targeted food application but rather in encapsulated, solid, dry product forms with added functionalities such as improved stability, bioavailability or handling. Development of new strategies, like nanocarriers, that help to promote the access of neuroprotective molecules to the brain, is needed for providing more effective therapies for the disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Polymer–lipid hybrid nanoparticles, encapsulating vitamin D3 and vitamin K2, with improved features in terms of stability, loading and mucoadhesiveness were produced for potential nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. Recently, nanoformulations that include nanovesicles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and polymeric nanoparticles have shown promising outcomes in improving the efficacy and bioavailability of vitamin E. Active targeting of nanoparticles loaded with vitamin D to cancer cells.
PENERAPAN MEDIA FILM PENDEK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS ESAI PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XII MIPA 6 SMA NEGERI 1 PONTIANAK
Authors: Sau Febriany
Published: June 2021

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Pontianak pada semester genap Tahun Pelajaran 2018-2019, tepatnya dilaksanakan pada Januari hingga Maret 2019. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas XII MIPA 6 yang berjumlah 35 Orang. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, namun sebelum melaksanakan siklus I dan II, terlebih dahulu dilakukan prasiklus. Adapun masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini (1) Perencanaan pelaksanaan pembelajaran, (2) Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran media film pendek, (3) Evaluasi hasil belajar, dengan kriteria penilaian klasikal yamg telah ditentukan pada siklus I sekurang-kurangnya 80% nilai siswa minimal 75 dan siklus II sekurang-kurangnya 90% nilai siswa minimal 75. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Perencanaan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) yang dibuat oleh guru mengalami peningkatan dari silkus I 98% menjadi 100% pada siklus II, (2) Penerapan media film pendek, peningkatannya dari 81% menjadi 100%, (3) Evaluasi hasil belajar mengalami peningkatan siklus I 72% menjadi 100% pada siklus II.
Faktor Penolakan Pembangunan Gereja Oleh Masyarakat di Kota Cilegon
Authors: Riansyah Abdul , Mulyani Mia , AL-Giffari Muhamad Faisal , Akbar Shidqi Fadhilah , Hulailah Siti
Published: June 2021

Abstract                                                                                                          This article contains multiculturalism in the city of Cilegon which does not work well because of discrimination which causes the struggle for the rights of Christians who are a minority in the city of Cilegon due to discrimination from the majority in the city of Cilegon who are Muslims. Therefore, there are many factors underlying the sense of intolerance that should not have occurred in Indonesia because it opposes the 1945 Constitution. This intolerance can be seen from the rejection of the construction of Christian Greja which is a place of worship that should exist in every region because it is one of the reflections of the 1945 Constitution. This conflict will also dissect this conflict by using the theory of identity politics, precisely the theory of Minority Rights in multicultural society proposed by Will Kymlicka. Therefore, many factors have become the author's curiosity about the intolerance and struggle for the rights of Christian minorities in the City of Cilegon.Keywords: religious intolerance, the struggle for the rights, minoritiesAbstrak Artikel ini berisi tentang multikulturalisme yang ada di kota cilegon tidak berjalan dengan baik karena adanya diskriminasi yang menyebabkan perjuangan hak agama Kristen yang merupakan minoritas di kota cilegon karena adanya diskriminasi dari kaum mayoritas di kota cilegon yang beragama Islam. Maka dari itu banyak faktor yang melatar belakangi rasa intoleransi yang seharusnya tidak terjadi di Indinesia karena menentang UUD 1945. Intoleransi ini terlihat dari adanya penolakan pembangunan Greja Kristen yang merupakan tempat ibadah yang seharusnya ada di setiap daerah karena merupakan salah satu dari pencerminan UUD 1945. Kasus ini juga akan membedah konflik ini dengan menggunakan teori politik identitas tepatnya teori Hak Minoritas dalam masyarakat multicultural yang dikemukakan oleh Will Kymlicka. Maka dari itu banyak faktor yang menjadi rasa penasaran penulis mengenai intolernsi dan perjuangan hak minoritas Agama Kristen di Kota Cilegon.Kata Kunci: intoleransi beragama, perjuangan hak, minoritas
Karyotype and DNA barcode of Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) cyaneus (Staudinger, 1899) from its type locality: implication for taxonomic and evolutionary research in Polyommatus blue butterflies (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae)
Authors: Lukhtanov Vladimir A. , Dantchenko Alexander V. , Balayan Karine V. , Gagarina Anastasia V.
Published: June 2021

Chromosomal and molecular analyses of rapidly evolving organisms such as Polyommatus Latreille, 1804 blue butterflies are essential for understanding their taxonomy and evolutionary history, and the studies of populations from their type localities are crucially important for resolving problems of nomenclature and species identity. Here we present data on the topotypical population of the blue butterfly species described as Lycaena damone var. cyanea Staudinger, 1899. This taxon was described from Khankendi (Nagorno-Karabakh, Caucasus), and rediscovered at the type locality for the first time since it was collected there in 1869. The specimens were found on dry stony meadows with a predominance of Onobrychis radiata Bieberstein, 1810, on upper border of oak forests. Their haploid chromosome number (n) was established as n = 17. Chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA barcode analyses of the studied samples from type-locality provided an opportunity for the critical taxonomic re-examination of Caucasian species of the subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner, 1822 of the genus Polyommatus Latreille, 1804. The obtained data support the interpretation of the P. (A.) cyaneus (Staudinger, 1899) and P. (A.) carmon (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) as two different, not closely related species complexes as previously hypothesized by Hugo de Lesse. On the contrary, the treatment by Walter Forster who considered these taxa as two groups of conspecific populations was not supported by our data.
Unusual chromosomal polymorphism of the common shrew, Sorex araneus L., in southern Belarus
Authors: Kryshchuk Iryna A. , Orlov Victor N. , Cherepanova Elena V. , Borisov Yuri M.
Published: June 2021

Analysis of the frequency of karyotypes and chromosomal rearrangements in the distributional ranges of four metacentric races of Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 has revealed features that are not typical for polymorphic populations of this species. The frequency of the acrocentric karyotype and heterozygotes for fusion of acrocentric chromosomes turned out to be significantly higher than expected in case of random crossing. As an explanation for the unusual polymorphism, it has been suggested that metacentric races may hybridize with acrocentric populations that remained from the ancient chromosomal form.
Begonia shenzhenensis, a new species of Begoniaceae from Guangdong, China
Authors: Tian Dai-Ke , Chen Bin , Xiao Yan , Zheng Min-Min , Ge Bin-Jie
Published: June 2021

Begonia shenzhenensis D.K.Tian & X.Yun Wang, sp. nov., a new species in Begonia sect. Platycentrum of Begoniaceae from Shenzhen of Guangdong province, China, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, it is primarily similar to B. coelocentroides in the same section but differs by its denser hairs on leaf, petiole, and pedicel, abtuse anther apex, hairy ovary, and narrower adaxial fruit wing. Based on only one small population found to date, its conservation status is assigned to Critical Endangered according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Three-dimensional supersonic flows of Euler-Poisson system for potential flow
Authors: Bae Myoungjean , Park Hyangdong
Published: June 2021

We prove the unique existence of supersonic solutions of the Euler-Poisson system for potential flow in a three-dimensional rectangular cylinder when prescribing the velocity and the strength of electric field at the entrance. Overall, the main framework is similar to [1], but there are several technical differences to be taken care of vary carefully. And, it is our main goal to treat all the technical differences occurring when one considers a three dimensional supersonic solution of the steady Euler-Poisson system.
Optimal control of the SIR epidemic model based on dynamical systems theory
Authors: Yagasaki Kazuyuki
Published: June 2021

We consider the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) epidemic model and apply optimal control to it successfully. Here two control inputs are considered, so that the infection rate is decreased and infected individuals are removed. Our approach is to reduce computation of the optimal control input to that of the stable manifold of an invariant manifold in a Hamiltonian system. The situation in which the target equilibrium has a center direction is very different from similar previous work. Some numerical examples in which the computer software AUTO is used to numerically compute the stable manifold are given to demonstrate the usefulness of our approach for the optimal control in the SIR model. Our study suggests how we can decrease the number of infected individuals quickly before a critical situation occurs while keeping social and economic burdens small.
Wave phenomena in a compartmental epidemic model with nonlocal dispersal and relapse
Authors: Wang Jia-Bing , Qiao Shao-Xia , Wu Chufen
Published: June 2021

This paper is concerned with the wave phenomena in a compartmental epidemic model with nonlocal dispersal and relapse. We first show the well-posedness of solutions for such a problem. Then, in terms of the basic reproduction number and the wave speed, we establish a threshold result which reveals the existence and non-existence of the strong traveling waves accounting for phase transitions between the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic steady state. Further, we clarify and characterize the minimal wave speed of traveling waves. Finally, numerical simulations and discussions are also given to illustrate the analytical results. Our result indicates that the relapse can encourage the spread of the disease.
The lifespan of solutions for a viscoelastic wave equation with a strong damping and logarithmic nonlinearity
Authors: Liao Menglan
Published: June 2021

This paper deals with the following viscoelastic wave equation with a strong damping and logarithmic nonlinearity:

   \begin{document}$ u_{tt}-\Delta u+\int_0^tg(t-s)\Delta u(s)ds-\Delta u_t = |u|^{p-2}u\ln|u|. $\end{document}

A finite time blow-up result is proved for high initial energy. Meanwhile, the lifespan of the weak solution is discussed. The present results in this paper complement and improve the previous work that is obtained by Ha and Park [Adv. Differ. Equ., (2020) 2020: 235].
On the Cauchy problem for a derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonvanishing boundary conditions
Authors: Van Tin Phan
Published: June 2021

In this paper we consider the Schrödinger equation with nonlinear derivative term. Our goal is to initiate the study of this equation with non vanishing boundary conditions. We obtain the local well posedness for the Cauchy problem on Zhidkov spaces \begin{document}$ X^k( \mathbb{R}) $\end{document} and in \begin{document}$ \phi+H^k( \mathbb{R}) $\end{document}. Moreover, we prove the existence of conservation laws by using localizing functions. Finally, we give explicit formulas for stationary solutions on Zhidkov spaces.
Structure preserving discretization of time-reparametrized Hamiltonian systems with application to nonholonomic mechanics
Authors: García-Naranjo Luis C. , Vermeeren Mats
Published: June 2021

We propose a discretization of vector fields that are Hamiltonian up to multiplication by a positive function on the phase space that may be interpreted as a time reparametrization. We construct a family of maps, labeled by an arbitrary \begin{document}$ \ell \in \mathbb{N} $\end{document} indicating the desired order of accuracy, and prove that our method is structure preserving in the sense that the discrete flow is interpolated to order \begin{document}$ \ell $\end{document} by the flow of a continuous system possessing the same structure as the vector field that is being discretized. In particular, our discretization preserves a smooth measure on the phase space to the arbitrary order \begin{document}$ \ell $\end{document}. We present applications to a remarkable class of nonholonomic mechanical systems that allow Hamiltonization. To our best knowledge, these results provide the first instance of a measure preserving discretization (to arbitrary order) of measure preserving nonholonomic systems.
Schwinger's picture of quantum mechanics: 2-groupoids and symmetries
Authors: Ciaglia Florio M. , Cosmo Fabio Di , Ibort Alberto , Marmo Giuseppe , Schiavone Luca
Published: June 2021

Starting from the groupoid approach to Schwinger's picture of Quantum Mechanics, a proposal for the description of symmetries in this framework is advanced. It is shown that, given a groupoid \begin{document}$ G\rightrightarrows \Omega $\end{document} associated with a (quantum) system, there are two possible descriptions of its symmetries, one "microscopic", the other one "global". The microscopic point of view leads to the introduction of an additional layer over the grupoid \begin{document}$ G $\end{document}, giving rise to a suitable algebraic structure of 2-groupoid. On the other hand, taking advantage of the notion of group of bisections of a given groupoid, the global perspective allows to construct a group of symmetries out of a 2-groupoid. The latter notion allows to introduce an analog of the Wigner's theorem for quantum symmetries in the groupoid approach to Quantum Mechanics.
Numerical solutions for nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integral equations of the second kind with a phase lag
Authors: Mosa Gamal A. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Egypt, Abdou Mohamed A. , Rahby Ahmed S. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Egypt
Published: June 2021

This study is focused on the numerical solutions of the nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integral equations (NV-FIEs) of the second kind, which have several applications in physical mathematics and contact problems. Herein, we develop a new technique that combines the modified Adomian decomposition method and the quadrature (trapezoidal and Weddle) rules that used when the definite integral could be extremely difficult, for approximating the solutions of the NV-FIEs of second kind with a phase lag. Foremost, Picard's method and Banach's fixed point theorem are implemented to discuss the existence and uniqueness of the solution. Furthermore, numerical examples are presented to highlight the proposed method's effectiveness, wherein the results are displayed in group of tables and figures to illustrate the applicability of the theoretical results.
A novel methodology for portfolio selection in fuzzy multi criteria environment using risk-benefit analysis and fractional stochastic
Authors: Mehrjerdi Yahia Zare
Published: June 2021

This article proposes an efficient approach for solving portfolio type problems. It is highly suitable to help fund allocators and decision makers to set up appropriate portfolios for investors. Stock selection is based upon the risk benefits analysis using MADM approach in fuzzy environment. This sort of analysis allows decision makers to identify the list of acceptable portfolios where they can assign some portions of their asset to them. The purpose of this article is two folds; first, to introduce a methodology to select the list of stocks for investment purpose, and second, to employ a stochastic fractional programming model to assign money into selected stocks. This article proposes a hybrid methodology for finding an optimal or new optimal solution of the problem. This hybrid approach considers risks and benefits at the time of stocks prioritization. This is followed by solving a fractional programming to determine the percentages of the budget to be allocated to stocks while dealing with two sets of suitable and non-suitable stocks. For clarification purposes, a sample example problem is solved.
Herramientas de visualización gráfica online para datos abiertos presupuestarios de administraciones públicas
Authors: García-García Jesús , Alonso-Magdaleno María Isabel
Published: June 2021

La divulgación de información pública por parte de los gobiernos y administraciones resulta de manera general excesivamente técnica quedando fuera del alcance y comprensión de la mayor parte de la ciudadanía ante la que deben rendir cuentas e integrar en sus procesos participativos. Los avances en las políticas de datos abiertos han tratado de reducir esta asimetría, y si bien lo han conseguido en cantidad de datos divulgados no ha sido así en alcance ciudadano. Estudiamos el caso de los datos presupuestarios y las dos principales herramientas de visualización gráfica cuya intención es cerrar esta brecha. Mediante cuestionario respondido por sus responsables en 34 administraciones españolas, tratamos de encontrar respuesta a las principales cuestiones relacionadas con su adopción y uso. Impulso político o consensuado con técnicos, proactividad antes que cumplimiento de normativas de transparencia, desenfoque a la hora de fijar un público objetivo, usos adicionales a los teóricamente esperados y problemas de gobernanza en su operativa son los principales resultados obtenidos.
Ideas for Creation: A Comparison of the Learning Results of Three-Dimensional Images between Active Learning and Child-Centered Education of Product Design Students
Authors: Egwutvongsa Songwut S. , Seviset Somchai
Published: June 2021

This research conducted a comparison of the learning results for the creation of three-dimensional images between active learning and child-centered education. The population and group sampling comprised 90 freshmen students in the Design Education program of King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang during the Academic Year 2019-2020. Similarly, the population was classified from the selection of systematic random sampling with 45 people for active learning and 45 people for child-centered education. In addition, the research tool used in this research was knowledge and skills test for the students, which was an appropriate test with the simplicity and ability to categorize, accordingly (P = .64; r = .62). The results showed that the students who were studying active learning had higher scores than those studying child-centered education, which had a statistical significance of .05. This case brought the positive features of each of the two methods to be integrated as mixed learning that would also be suitable for the study program of the students. As a result, it was found that the pretest and t post-test had a correlation (Sig. = 0.000) in a positive direction (r = 0.492), as well as displayed the post-test scores at a higher level than the pretest scores, thus having a statistical significance level of .05.
Allocation Efficiency of Higher Education Resources in China
Authors: Ma Dalai , Li Xuefeng
Published: June 2021

This paper uses the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the higher education resource allocation efficiency (HERAE) of 30 provinces from China 2005-2018, and analyzes the regional difference and dynamic evolution law of the HERAE with Theil index and kernel density estimation, respectively. The results show that: The HERAEs of most provinces are DEA effective, but the HERAEs of a few provinces are DEA ineffective, calling for further improvement to the allocation of higher education resources in these places. There was a certain difference in the HERAE trend between eastern, central, and western regions. In the sample period, eastern region had higher HERAE than central and western regions. With the elapse of time, the internal gap of HERAE decreased to different degrees in the three regions. Eastern region had the largest gap, followed in turn by central and western regions. In addition, China’s HERAEs were polarized in time. With the passage of time, the polarization of regional HERAEs slowly weakened.
eDify: Enhancing Teaching and Learning Process by Using Video Streaming Server
Authors: Hasan Raza , Palaniappan Sellappan , Mahmood Salman , Sarker Kamal Uddin , Sattar Mian Usman , Abbas Ali , Naidu Vikas Rao , Malali Rajegowda Puttaswamy
Published: June 2021

The study investigates the nature and degree of influence of the range of application usability variables on the learning experience of the students at a specific institution of higher education institution in Oman. The study was carried out via eDify implementation encompassing the usability variables and learning experience of the students. Literature does little to suggest the aforementioned relationship in the context of the Omani higher education. The current study would reveal the variables that are critical to effective technology-based learning of the students. The implications generated through the study would allow the institution involved in the study to effectively implement the variables required for enhanced teaching and learning. The methodology used in the study is divided into an exploratory and the main research. Principal component analysis and a range of regression analyses are conducted to test the relationships between the independent and the dependent variable, “learning experience”. Results suggest that the usability variables have both positive and significant effects on the dependent variable of the learning experience. One usability variable that stands out more than others is the usage of mobile media.
Success and Failure Aspects of LMS in E-Learning Systems
Authors: Alhazmi Abdulsalam , Imtiaz Athar , Alhammadi Fatima , Kaed Ezzadeen
Published: June 2021

Learning management systems (LMS) and their associated
tools have created value for higher education institutions worldwide
by improving content deliverability, accessibility, and retrievability.
Nevertheless, many studies have criticised these systems for their
teacher-centred approaches, which limit opportunities for social and informal
learning. After several decades of institutions using LMS, this research
aims to discuss the success and failure aspects of these LMS from
various perspectives, including structure, content, and support for emerging
technologies. Based on a thematic literature review and analysis, success
and failure aspects are organised and verified by LMS experts.
Alongside the aspects identified from the literature, these experts also
noted several additional aspects of success and failure in LMS. The analysis
results overall indicated the success aspects of LMS relate to seven
key factors: single sign-on, learning management, content management,
integration, security, tracking, and group management. Similarly, the
failure aspects could be classified into eight factors: content creation and
sharing, communicative features, structure, learning engagement, assessment,
user interfaces, social and informal learning, and mobile features.
The implications of the research for education institutions, instructors,
developers, and system providers, as well as the resulting directions for
future research, are thus also discussed to help increasing the chances of
developing additional theoretical and practical insights.
Human-Computer Interaction Perspective on Mobile Learning: Gender and Social Implications
Authors: Al-Hunaiyyan Ahmed , Alhajri Rana , Al-Sharhan Salah , Bimba Andrew
Published: June 2021

The state of Kuwait has implemented a national e-learning initiative that included the distribution of mobile devices (Tablets) to be used by students and educators. Understanding the obstacles which currently prevent a successful roll-out, implementation, and adoption of mobile learning methods in Kuwait is vital. The opportunities for learners are particularly essential in this respect, and an absence of research remains an issue as far as Kuwait is concerned. This research was carried out within Kuwait Higher Education (HE) facilities to assess students' opinions and motivations for adopting this form of learning, aiming to analyse its efficacy and explore the social factors and gender issues that might impact extending mobile learning (m-learning) potential throughout Kuwait. A questionnaire has been central to this research, sent out to 620 students in total. Two statistical methods, an analysis of variance (ANOVA), and an independent-sample t-test, have been applied. The latter is essential for assessing if any statistical significance exists between two unrelated groups (male and female being the two independent variables). The results reveal disparities of age and gender while highlighting certain social and cultural factors that might prove to be obstacles that m-learning will need to overcome. A firm analysis of such issues will enable improved approaches to help learners' access and make the most robust m-learning methods.
Blended Learning Model with IoT-based by Smartphone
Authors: Siripongdee Kobchai , Tuntiwongwanich Somkiat , Pimdee Paitoon
Published: June 2021

In 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic is still not over. Thailand is the one that is facing the second wave of new coronavirus. Schools and universities were closed, and faculties need to mostly teach with Online pedagogy, including the graduate students' courses. This study proposes to focus on the Ubiquitous area of the Blended Learning model with IoT-based to solve a problem of graduate students and their advisors by the qualitative focus-group technique. The mobile application draft was synthesized and designed to track and monitor graduate students' research activities on smartphones by built-in sensors. They should stay active along while researching the advisor’s assignments on their smartphone. Non-active periods are implied when several behaviors are detected. Virtualize dashboards are processed to report the total active learning period of students for the advisor's evaluation.

Moreover, students can continually monitor their self-efficacy to improve the online learning process. Besides, this study proposes to confirm the model’s quality by twelve experts with the questionnaire. The results show average scores of Propriety, Utility, Feasibility, and Accuracy standard are 4.32, 4.41, 4.37, and 4.21, respectively. Therefore, the Blended Learning model's overall qualities with IoT-based smartphones are extremely high and proper to implement.
Collaborative Learning in Co-Created Digital Space
Authors: van Oostveen Roland , Hunter William J. , Childs Elizabeth A. , Barber Wendy , Gerbrandt Julianne
Published: June 2021

The growing global attention to online learning, particularly in light of COVID-19, has spurred interest in systematic, robust, and pedagogically sound approaches to online learning like the fully online learning community (FOLC) model. FOLC consists of three overlapping dimensions—social presence, cognitive presence, and collaborative learning—which can function within fully online or hybrid digital spaces. FOLC thus supports the establishment of vibrant online learning communities. This chapter extends prior theoretical and empirical work on FOLC and highlights supportive and challenging academic interactions. Readiness to work within FOLC environments requires developing a range of 21st century competencies, such as complex problem solving and social negotiation, to effectively use the selected digital affordances and collaborate with others. These abilities and potential readiness interventions are addressed here as an intrinsic part of the model. The chapter concludes with reports of several empirical studies that explore the efficacy of the FOLC model.
Innovative Instructional Methods Integrating 21st-Century Competencies
Authors: Williams Robin
Published: June 2021

Innovative instructional methods integrating 21st century competencies need to be taught strategically by educators in virtual, hybrid, and traditional classroom settings. Several challenges with engaging students in virtual and hybrid environments have emerged. However, findings have indicated that implementing innovative technology tools and teaching methods can enhance student engagement. Addressing students' social-emotional needs before expecting them to master the 21st-century competencies is crucial; therefore, understanding synchronous and asynchronous instructional tools is necessary to enhance student engagement. Because the digital divide among students living in poverty continues to grow during the pandemic, developing global connections is critical. Therefore, high-quality professional development is essential to supporting teachers to become innovators.
21st-Century Competencies in Higher Education
Authors: Neumann Crystal , Stroud Kathleen M. , Bailey Scott , Allison Krista , Everts Sarah (Sally)
Published: June 2021

In 2020, a global pandemic changed many of the traditional ways in which we interact with people, communicate, care for children, and educate. Many businesses have been forced to find new revenue streams or face imminent closure. Evidence of the importance of 21st-century competencies for leaders in all fields has been highlighted during this crisis. As nations consider the best approach for dealing with a virus, critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication represent four critical elements to ponder. Higher education plays an essential role in preparing the workforce with the skills necessary to succeed in the ever-changing world. Skills associated with reasoning, problem-solving, listening, flexibility, responsibility, innovating, and analyzing must be the focus of higher education institutions. In this chapter, creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and communication within the higher education environment will be explored. Practical examples will be shared.
Identifying and Applying the Information Technology Competence Framework in an Online Teaching Environment
Authors: Phan Thanh Chi , Le Phuong Anh , Phan Tien Minh , Hoang Loc Phuoc , Le Hieu Thanh , Ngo Thanh Tu , Nguyen Dung The , Van Tran Hung
Published: June 2021

This study aims to identify the information technology (IT) competence framework to propose the requirements and procedures for use tools and resources in online teaching, and point out barriers to the application of IT in the online teaching environment. This study survey was conducted on sample space (n = 527) and 45 expert opinions. The reliability of the competence framework scale was calculated by using Cronbach's alpha and expert opinions. The experimental results demonstrated that the competencies in the experimental questionnaire were reliable. An overall alpha score for the pilot data was found at high (r = 0.792), which indicates a high reliability of the instrument. This study used the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The results will contribute to the theoretical and practical pedagogy of technology in education and online education.
Perceptions Regarding Values and Skills of Graduate Employees in Logistics and Transport Sector in Sri Lanka: A Case Study
Authors: Mudunkotuwa Rashika , Edirisinghe Lalith
Published: June 2021

The transport and logistics industry is considered a fast-growing industry in the word because of the rapid development of the international trade. However, competent professionals in this field is scarce. Therefore, educational institutions are engaged in developing more professionals in the industry. This study mainly focuses on three objectives namely, to identify the sectors in which logisticians are demanded, to identify the level of employers’ satisfaction in the industry, and finally to differentiate the performances between various categories. The study has used descriptive analysis and One-Way ANOVA in the analysis. According to the findings it could be concluded that graduate logisticians are engaged in varied industry sectors and their employers are satisfied with the quality standards and the skill levels of the graduate students. Also, the study reveals a performance gap in the gender analysis. It was noted that there were three types of performance gaps between industries.
Economic Valuation of the Taj Mahal in India: The Contingent Valuation Method
Authors: Islam Sadia
Published: June 2021

India has a lot of historical places. Among them one of the most precious is the Taj Mahal. Due to fewer threats to conservation, Taj is placed on the1996 watch list of the 100 most endangered sites by the World Monument Fund. In this study, an attempt was made to calculate the economic value of Taj Mahal in India in relation to the conservation issues. This study assesses households' WTP for Taj Mahal conservation through a CVM study. Single Bounded Dichotomous Choice with an open-ended format was used to elicit households’ willingness to pay from 200 households. Out of 200 sample respondents, 70.50 percent were found to be willing to pay the proposed bid prices for Taj Mahal conservation, whereas the remaining 29.50 percent rejected the proposed bid prices. Logit model was employed to assess the determinate of willingness to pay and probit model was also applied to estimate mean willingness to pay (WTP), and the study shows that the mean willingness to pay estimated from the Single Bounded Dichotomous Choice model was Rs. 109.92(US$1.50) per month per household. The results of the study have found the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics; awareness and attitude of the households are responsible for households WTP for Taj conservation. Therefore, policy and program intervention designed to address the issue of conserving the Taj Mahal in India needs to take into account these factors to make it more effective.
2020 KSC/KATRD Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension: Executive Summary
Authors: Park Jae-Hyeong , Na Jin Oh , Lee Jae Seung , Kim Yee Hyung , Chang Hyuk-Jae ,   on behalf of Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the Korean Society of Cardiology (KSC) and the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (KATRD)
Published: June 2021

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition of increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and is diagnosed with an increased a mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mm Hg. This condition may be associated with multiple clinical situations. Based on pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation, hemodynamic profiles, and treatment strategies, the patients were classified into five clinical groups. Although there have been major advances in the management of PH, it is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis and treatment of PH have been performed mainly by following European guidelines, even in Korea because the country lacks localized PH guidelines. European treatment guidelines do not reflect the actual status of Korea. Therefore, the European diagnosis and treatment of PH have not been tailored well to suit the needs of Korean patients with PH. To address this issue, we developed this guideline to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of PH appropriately in Korea, a country where the consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of PH remains insufficient. This is the first edition of the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PH in Korea, and it is primarily based on the ‘2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension.’ with the acceptance and adaptation of recent publications of PH.
Cervicovaginal Tissue Residence Confers a Distinct Differentiation Program upon Memory CD8 T Cells
Authors: Davé Veronica A. , Cardozo-Ojeda E. Fabian , Mair Florian , Erickson Jami , Woodward-Davis Amanda S. , Koehne Amanda , Soerens Andrew , Czartoski Julie , Teague Candice , Potchen Nicole , Oberle Susanne , Zehn Dietmar , Schiffer Joshua T. , Lund Jennifer M. , Prlic Martin
Published: June 2021

Tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells (CD8 TRM) are critical for maintaining barrier immunity. CD8 TRM have been mainly studied in the skin, lung and gut, with recent studies suggesting that the signals that control tissue residence and phenotype are highly tissue dependent. We examined the T cell compartment in healthy human cervicovaginal tissue (CVT) and found that most CD8 T cells were granzyme B+ and TCF-1–. To address if this phenotype is driven by CVT tissue residence, we used a mouse model to control for environmental factors. Using localized and systemic infection models, we found that CD8 TRM in the mouse CVT gradually acquired a granzyme B+, TCF-1– phenotype as seen in human CVT. In contrast to CD8 TRM in the gut, these CD8 TRM were not stably maintained regardless of the initial infection route, which led to reductions in local immunity. Our data show that residence in the CVT is sufficient to progressively shape the size and function of its CD8 TRM compartment.
Triangular flap technique for unilateral cleft lip deformity
Authors: Sharma Ramesh Kumar
Published: June 2021

The triangular flap lip repair is one of the two main techniques used for the correction of a cleft lip deformity worldwide. Many surgeons in Indian subcontinent and Europe use the triangle flap technique as their first choice. This CME article describes the details of the triangular flap technique as modified by Dr. C P Sawhney. The rationale of the technique, lip markings, planning of incisions, and the detailed operative steps are described. The merits and demerits of this versatile technique are also discussed.
Endoscopic endonasal surgery for skull base tumours: technique and preliminary results in a consecutive case series report
Authors: Ensenat J. , de Notaris M. , Sanchez M. , Fernandez C. , Ferrer E. , Bernal-Sprekelsen M. , Alobid I.
Published: June 2021

Background: The introduction of the endoscope in transsphenoidal surgery has allowed access to lesions located in complex regions of the skull base under direct visual control. With the application of this technique, our group started treating pituitary tumours and from 2009 onwards began treating skull base lesions through extended endoscopic endonasal approaches. The AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY is to report our experience with extended endoscopic approaches. Indications, results, limitations and complications of this new technique are also discussed. Material and methods: From January 2007 to January 2012, the endonasal approach was used in 40 patients with different cancerous lesions. Results: Total tumour removal, as assessed by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, occurred in 30/ 40 patients (75%), but in 10 patients only partial removal was possible. Major complications, including cerebrospinal fluid leak, were observed in 5/40 patients (8%). One patient died 3 months after surgery due to a severe systemic sepsis. Conclusion: The extended endoscopic endonasal approach could be used as a minimally invasive and innovative technique for the removal of selected skull base lesions.
Access to the crista galli and the foramen caecum in nasal dermal sinus cysts - lessons learned in a single tertiary care centre
Authors: Vital D. , Krayenbuhl N. , Bozinov O. , Holzmann D.
Published: June 2021

Objective: Several surgical techniques have been suggested for the treatment of nasal dermal sinus cysts (NDSC). We have used several different techniques and have developed a minimally invasive approach. The aim of this study is to describe the evolution to this approach and compare the results with those achieved with our experience of more traditional techniques. Methodology/principal: A retrospective data collection of patients with NDSC presenting to our clinic between 1998 and 2012 was performed. We initially performed external approaches as outlined elsewhere. With an increasing number of young children requiring surgery, the technique was modified to a less invasive form. This new approach starts with mobilisation of the pit via a tiny skin incision. An open rhinoplasty approach is used to follow the fistula on the nasal bone. Once the fistula passes underneath the nasal bone, an endoscopic endonasal approach is used. Following the fistula cranially, the area of the foramen caecum can be identified. Results: Twelve out of 15 patients (80%) were treated surgically. The transfacial, coronal subcranial and minimally invasive approach was used in 3 (25%), 4 (33%) and 5 patients (42%), respectively. Radical resection was achieved in all patients. Cosmetic problems were present in all patients undergoing a transfacial and in half of the patients after the coronal subcranial approach. Patients treated by the minimally invasive technique remained without sequelae. Conclusion: The minimally invasive approach enables a perfect exposure of the fistula up to the crista galli and provides less morbidity and better cosmetic results than the transfacial and subcranial approach.
Interleukin-6 -174 G/C promoter gene polymorphism in nasal polyposis and asthma
Authors: Kosugi E.M. , de Camargo-Kosugi C.M. , Hirai E.R. , Mendes-Neto J.A. , Gregorio L.C. , Guerreiro-da-Silva I.D.C. , Weckx L.L.M.
Published: June 2021

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory mediator linked to nasal polyposis and asthma, with a single nucleotide poly- morphism -174 G/C that seems to promote an inflammatory status. We aimed to analyze the relationship between this poly-morhism and asthmatic nasal polyposis patients. Methodology: Cross-sectional study to investigate IL-6 - 174 G/C genotypes of 45 nasal polyposis with asthma patients, 63 nasal polyposis-only patients, 45 asthma-only patients and 81 subjects without both diseases. Aspirin intolerance and atopy were main exclusion criteria. IL-6 genotyping was performed using the PCR method with specific primers followed by restriction enzyme analysis, classifying patients in GG, GC or CC genotype. Results: The GG genotype was the most frequent in all inflammatory groups. Less than 40% of controls presented with the GG ge- notype. There were significant differences between inflammatory groups and control group. No significant differences were seen when comparing inflammatory groups to each other, other than between nasal polyposis-only group and asthma-only group. Conclusion: The IL-6 74 GG genotype was found more frequently in all inflammatory groups than in controls. This genotype could influence nasal polyposis and asthma, and seems to be more important in the latter.
In vitro dissolution characteristics of patent, generic and similar brands of naproxen in various dissolution media
Authors: Rocha-Alcaraz María F. , Torres-Sánchez Erandis D. , Torres-Jasso Juan H. , Yáñez-González Alán Y. , Reyna-Villela Mireya Z. , Rojas-Bravo Daniel , Salazar-Flores Joel
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the dissolution properties of various brands of naproxen in four dissolution media in order to forecast their biological availability.

Methods: Dissolution tests were carried out in a dissolution tester with 48 tablets of different naproxen brands in 900 mL of 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Subsequently, the medium was modified with 600 mL of buffer plus 300 mL of cola drink, grapefruit or milk. Each sample was taken and brought to a concentration approximating that of a reference solution. Absorbance at 332 nm was determined and the dissolution, Q, was calculated (Q values ≥ 80.0 ± 5 % were acceptable).

Results: Dissolution in buffer was > 85 %. In cola drink, it was < 80 %, while in grapefruit juice, it was in the range of 7 - 68 %. Using 2-way ANOVA, these media and the three naproxen brands showed significant differences (F = 68.90, p = 0.0000; F = 23.18, p = 0.0000). With Fisher's LSD test, two of these media contributed consistently to dissolution, and the three drug brands showed statistically different dissolution profiles (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: Caution must be exercised cola drink, grapefruit juice and milk are used to administered naproxen as the biological availability of the drug may be altered.