bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Feature Representation with Stacked Sparse Auto-Encoder and Convolutional Neural Network for Hyperspectral Imaging-Based Detection of Cucumber Defects
Authors: Liu Ziyi , He Yong , Cen Haiyan , Lu Renfu
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

It is challenging to achieve rapid and accurate processing of large amounts of hyperspectral image data. This research was aimed to develop a novel classification method by employing deep feature representation with the stacked sparse auto-encoder (SSAE) and the SSAE combined with convolutional neural network (CNN-SSAE) learning for hyperspectral imaging-based defect detection of pickling cucumbers. Hyperspectral images of normal and defective pickling cucumbers were acquired using a hyperspectral imaging system running at two conveyor speeds of 85 and 165 mm s-1. An SSAE model was developed to learn the feature representation from the preprocessed data and to perform five-class (normal, watery, split/hollow, shrivel, and surface defect) classification. To deal with a more complicated task for different types of surface defects (i.e., dirt/sand and gouge/rot classes) in six-class classification, a CNN-SSAE system was developed. The results showed that the CNN-SSAE system improved the classification performance, compared with the SSAE, with overall accuracies of 91.1% and 88.3% for six-class classification at the two conveyor speeds. Additionally, the average running time of the CNN-SSAE system for each sample was less than 14 ms, showing considerable potential for application in an automated on-line inspection system for cucumber sorting and grading. Keywords: Convolutional neural network, Defect detection, Hyperspectral imaging, Pickling cucumber, Representation learning, Stacked sparse auto-encoder.
A Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of Biological Heat and Gas Generation in a Dairy Holding Area
Authors: Drewry Jessica L. , Mondaca Mario R. , Luck Brian D. , Choi Christopher Y.
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

The design and operation of ventilation systems for animal housing is a crucial component in maintaining a suitable environment for both animals and workers by removing heat, moisture, and gas species. However, important design and operational criteria, such as profiles of velocity and extent of mixing within animal housing, can be difficult to study experimentally. Thus, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a commercial dairy holding area, including the generation of transport of heat and gas species within the domain, was developed. The animal-occupied zone (AOZ) was modeled using porous media. The model was evaluated with experimental data of velocity and gas concentration. Results indicated that the airflow uniformity and air speed could be increased within the holding area by modifying the configuration of the side curtain openings and using concrete walls to guide airflow; a 20% increase in average velocity within the AOZ was achieved. Results of the CFD model have shown it to be an effective tool for gaining insight into the complex mixing patterns within holding areas to improve the design of animal housing. Keywords: Animal-occupied zone, Computational fluid dynamics, Greenhouse gas emissions, Holding area.
Effect of Monochromatic Green LED Light Stimuli During Incubation on Embryo Growth, Hatching Performance, and Hormone Levels
Authors: Yu Yue , Li Zhanming , Zhong Zhengtao , Jin Shufang , Pan Jinming , Rao Xiuqin , Yu Yonghua
Published: April 2018

Previous research indicated improvement of incubation by light stimuli. However, the light source arrangement, usually with irradiation from top to bottom, was inconvenient and high in cost. Among the different light colors, the effects of green LED light stimuli during embryo development were inconclusive. In this study, two LED lamps were installed on both sides of egg trays, and the irradiation was directed from the edges to the middle. The effect of green LED light with various light intensities was investigated. A total of 1408 broiler eggs were randomly allocated to high light (300 lx), middle light (150 lx), low light (50 lx), and dark treatments with four replicates. Embryo weight, body length, organ weight, hatching performance, and serum hormone levels were tested. The results indicated that incubation of the broiler eggs under an appropriate light intensity (low light treatment, 50 lx) of green light significantly increased embryo weight, body length, and hatchability (p < 0.001). According to the serum hormone tests, only the low light treatment significantly increased the thyroxine (T4) levels of the chicks (p < 0.05) at hatching, but the middle and high light treatments slightly decreased the T4 and testosterone (TES) levels of the chicks compared with the dark treatment. Moreover, peak hatching time occurred 12 h earlier in the light treatments compared with the dark treatment. In conclusion, an appropriate light intensity (low light treatment, 50 lx) of LED green light improved embryo growth and hatching performance, but excessive light intensity reduced the positive effects or even produced slight negative effects on the T4 and TES levels of chicks at hatching. Keywords: Embryo, Growth, Hatching performance, Hormone, Monochrome green light.
Shear Strength of Aeolian Sand Sediments
Authors: Yi Fang , Hong Cheng , Xueyong Zou , Kaidi Zhang
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

The anti-erodibility of aeolian sand sediments represents their resistance to airflow shear and is closely associated with soil shear strength. However, there have been few studies on the anti-erodibility of sediments from the perspective of shear strength. In this study, we performed shear strength experiments for four categories of sediments at different values of normal stress. All samples were oven-dried prior to the shear tests. The main conclusions were as follows. The shear strength of sediments increased linearly with normal stress and grain diameter. Organic matter may weaken the shear strength. The impact of bulk density and CaCO3 content on the shear strength did not follow consistent rules, but RCaCO3/RBulk (where RCaCO3 is the ratio of CaCO3 content between two samples, and RBulk is the difference in bulk density) determines the relative contribution of each factor to shear strength. The cohesion, internal friction angle, and shear strength increased with increasing grain diameter. They also increased with increasing sorting coefficient when the sorting coefficient was greater than 0.6, while the opposite trend occurred with sorting coefficients less than 0.6. There was a positive linear correlation between cohesion and threshold friction velocity (R2 = 0.91). This study improves our understanding of shear strength, providing basic data with which to construct a dynamic model of aeolian sand transport by wind action. Keywords: Bulk density, Cohesion, Grain diameter, Internal friction angle, Shear strength, Sorting coefficient, Threshold friction velocity.
Low-Moisture Switchgrass Bulk-Format Logistics Costs Based on Engineering Data
Authors: Womac Alvin R. , Groothuis Mitch D. , Tiller Kelly , Jackson Sam W. , Dye Clay
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

Logistics costs that spanned harvest, transport, storage, preprocessing, and year-round delivery of 371,870 dMg year-1 of milled, low-moisture switchgrass (SG) to a local biorefinery were determined for bulk-format versus round-bale systems. Separate spreadsheet analyses were conducted for three diesel fuel prices ($0.53 L-1, $0.92 L-1, and $1.32 L-1) because of the wide range of fuel prices during the project. A detailed analysis scenario identified a common harvest period, equipment annual use, other equipment uses, and protected SG storage on gravel pad, along with equipment performances based on previously published tests primarily for commercially available equipment. The bulk-format system used a depot equipped with stacker/reclaimer technology for storage, whereas the round-bale system used field-side bale stacks for storage, with both systems assuming 6% losses, primarily attributed to storage. Results indicated total costs for bulk-format versus round-bale systems of $54.63 per dry Mg (dMg-1), $60.41 dMg-1, and $66.21 dMg-1 versus $54.59 dMg-1, $62.10 dMg-1, and $67.93 dMg-1 corresponding with diesel fuel costs of $0.53 L-1, $0.92 L-1, and $1.32 L-1, respectively. The most significant bulk-format system total cost of $22.79 dMg-1 was associated with a stacker/reclaimer, conveyance, and dust collection at the depot, which was 42% of total costs at a diesel fuel cost of $0.53 L-1. For the round-bale system, bale chopping total costs was highest and represented an average of 27% of total costs, with costs ranging from $14.63 dMg-1 to $19.08 dMg-1 for diesel fuel input costs ranging from $0.53 L-1 to $1.32 L-1, respectively. For comparison, the forage harvester provided harvesting and chopping in the bulk-format system at total costs ranging from $6.47 dMg-1 to $8.80 dMg-1 across the same range of diesel fuel input cost. The forage harvester provided an economic advantage in size reduction compared to tub grinding. Truck hauling for both the bulk-format and round-bale systems represented significant expenses at all selected fuel costs. In addition, the multiple times that round bales were handled represented accumulating costs that were sensitive to diesel fuel costs. Keywords: Bales, Bioenergy, Bulk format, Densification, Field chop, Logistics, Transportation.
Interrelated parenting practices: conceptual foundations of involvement in care work at the transition to parenthood
Authors: Schmidt Eva-Maria , Rieder Irene , Zartler Ulrike
Published: April 2018

Numerous studies have explored parents’ unequal involvement in care work, emphasising the formative power of the first period of parenthood. However, detailed knowledge of how care work is interlinked between parents in everyday practice during the transition to parenthood and how these linkages are related to gendered inequality is limited. Based on an Austrian qualitative longitudinal study with first-time parents (66 individual interviews with 11 couples during pregnancy, 6 and 24 months postpartum), we developed a typology of parental involvement in care that captures the relationality of parents’ practices, their fluidity over time and that embraces six types of interrelated parenting practices. Results show how parental involvement is constituted by a complex interplay and sequence of parenting practices performed by both parents. With regards to gender inequality in care work, we demonstrate that parents are thus situated on a continuum between equality, dichotomy, ambiguity and inequality when doing care work. The results systematise the tremendous variety of parents’ interrelated involvement in care work.
Small ncRNA-Seq Results of Human Tissues: Variations Depending on Sample Integrity
Authors: Ludwig Nicole , Fehlmann Tobias , Galata Valentina , Franke Andre , Backes Christina , Meese Eckart , Keller Andreas
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Although mature miRNAs are relatively stable in vivo, RNA degradation can have a substantial influence on small noncoding RNA (sncRNA) profiles.

METHODS

Using different tissue storage conditions and RNA isolation procedures, we analyzed the integrity and quality of RNA isolates from human lung and heart tissues. We sequenced a total of 64 RNA samples and quantified the effect of RNA degradation, DNA contamination, and other confounding factors on the sncRNA-seq data. Besides microRNAs, other noncoding RNA species (piRNAs, tRNAs, snoRNAs, rRNAs) were investigated.

RESULTS

Consistent with previous results, we found that the tissue specificity of microRNAs is generally well preserved. The distribution of microRNA isoforms was similar to the distribution of canonical forms. New miRNAs were more frequently discovered in degraded samples. sncRNA Reads generated from degraded samples mapped frequently to piRNAs, tRNAs, snoRNAs, or scaRNAs. Sequencing reads that were depleted of sncRNAs showed an increased mapping frequency to bacterial species.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data emphasize the importance of sample integrity, especially for next-generation sequencing (NGS)–based high-throughput sncRNA profiles. For the prediction of novel miRNAs in particular, only samples with the highest RNA integrity should be used in order to avoid identification of false “miRNAs.”
Experiência e juventude profissionais no contexto curricular da Universidade Nova: perfil docente frente a proposta de inovação curricular
Authors: XAVIER AMANDA REZENDE COSTA , Ramos de Azevedo Maria Antônia , Bueno Zangali Carasco Lígia
Published: April 2018

Este artigo tem o objetivo de retratar o perfilde docentes universitários que têm vivenciado umcontexto específico de inovação curricular, o modelocurricular da Universidade Nova. A partir de um estudoqualitativo focalizado, em um campus de uma universidadefederal brasileira que nasceu sob a proposta deinovação curricular referida, o presente estudo traz aidentificação de uma heterogeneidade na composiçãodo corpo docente de um curso de graduação decorrentedo modelo curricular da Universidade Nova, oBacharelado Interdisciplinar. Evidencia-se que essaheterogeneidade percorre desde a faixa etária dosdocentes, até a formação inicial e tempo de experiênciana docência, fazendo com que experiência e juventudeprofissionais coadjuvem em mesmo contexto. Concluímosque a presença de um corpo docente heterogêneo,com diferentes tempos de experiências profissionais,pode contribuir para a efetivação da inovaçãopedagógica, bem como pode servir de entrave para quemudanças aconteçam na universidade, opções essasque dependerão de como os docentes ressignificarãosuas práticas pedagógicas.
Una experiencia de formación del Instituto Superior del Profesado N° 64 en espacios sociocomunitarios de la ciudad de Santo Tomé
Authors: Sordo Sandra , Pusseto Silvia
Published: April 2018

El presente artículo tiene el propósito dereflejar la experiencia de formación de estudiantes quecursan el Taller de Práctica II, ubicado en el segundoaño de las carreras del Profesorado de EducaciónInicial y Primaria, en el Instituto Superior del ProfesoradoNº 64 de la ciudad de Santo Tomé, provinciade Santa Fe. Desde los Diseños Curriculares de ambascarreras, dicho espacio se constituye en eje estructurantede la formación inicial, orientado a desarrollarcapacidades para el trabajo docente, tanto encontextos escolares como sociocomunitarios, en losque sea posible llevar adelante prácticas pedagógicas;permitiéndoles problematizar, comprender la realidad,pensarse e intervenir como educadores en proyectosy situaciones de la vida social. Es desde esta iniciativaque se transita por una experiencia que conjuga lasensibilidad del proceso humanizante de la educacióncomo práctica social con el compromiso de la reflexióncrítica de acciones concretas.
La práctica pedagógica hoy. El desafío de saborear el saber de lo que se enseña y aprende
Authors: Rocha Milagros María
Published: April 2018

Este escrito se estructura a partir de unaserie de interrogantes que problematiza algunas cuestionesreferidas a la actual práctica pedagógica. Sepresenta y propone un eje reflexivo en torno al vínculoque se establece entre: educación–saber–sabor. Bajoestas premisas nos preguntamos acerca de cómo resignificarlos encuentros/des–encuentros que se producenhoy dentro del aula entre adultos–docentes y jóvenes–estudiantes.
Pentagamavunone-0 (PGV-0), a Curcumin Analog, Enhances Cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil and Modulates Cell Cycle in WiDr Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Ikawati Muthi , Septisetyani Endah Puji
Published: April 2018

The use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colon cancer as the primary chemotherapy has not been meet satisfactory effectiveness.  Therefore, the development of new chemicals as a chemopreventive agent and a combination agent (co-chemotherapeutic agent) for colon cancer is important.  Pentagamavunone-0 (2,5-bis-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxybenzylidine) cyclopentanone) (PGV-0), one of curcumin analogs, exhibits cytotoxic effect and apoptosis induction in various cancer cell lines, including colon cancer cell, better than curcumin.  This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potency of PGV-0 in combination with 5-FU and their effects, in single or in combination, on cell cycle toward WiDr colon cancer cell line.  The cells were treated with combination concentrations of PGV-0 and 5-FU, and examined by MTT cell viability assay.  The value of combination index (CI) as a parameter of cytotoxic combination assay was measured by a combination index method.  Cells were stained with propidium iodide and the cell cycle distribution was determined by flowcytometry. CI calculation showed additive effects between PGV-0 and 5-FU.  Combination of PGV-0 and 5-FU gave synergism on cell cycle.  Single treatment of PGV-0 increased apoptosis, illustrated as subG1-phase accumulation, stronger than single treatment of 5-FU.  Meanwhile, combination of PGV-0 and 5-FU demonstrated S-phase arrest.  Based on these results, it can be concluded that PGV-0 has the potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapeutic agent for colon cancer but still requires further tracking of its molecular mechanisms.Keywords: Pentagamavunone-0 (PGV-0), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), colon cancer,combination, cell cycle
Combination of Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) and Awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm.F.) Ethanolic Extracts Enhance Doxorubicin to Modulate Cell Cycle Progression of T47D Cells
Authors: Muna Laili Nailul , Jenie Riris Istighfari
Published: April 2018

One of the efforts to cure breast cancer is a combination of the chemotherapeutic agent with medicinal plants. This study was conducted to examine the activity of the combination between doxorubicin, curcuma rhizome (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) ethanolic extract (CEE), and awar-awar leaves (Ficus septica Burm.f.) ethanolic extract (AAE) in inducing apoptosis and modulating the cell cycle progression in breast cancer T47D cells. The combination activity was performed using three series of concentration, 1/3; 1/6 and 1/12 of IC50, The combination index (CI) of doxorubicin, CEE and AEE was determined under MTT assay. The result showed that the combination of 10 µM, 5 µg/ml, 1 µg/ml concentrations of  doxorubicin, CEE and AEE respectively result in synergistic effect with CI values less than 1. The treatment exhibited the cell accumulation in S phase (27.7%) against T47D breast cancer cells confirmed through cell cycle examination by flow cytometry. These results provided the evidence that CEE and the AEE can be developed as co-chemotherapeutic agents combined with doxorubicin to improve the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment.Keywords : Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb., Ficus septica Burm.f., doxorubicin, cell cycle.
Non-Reporters werden zur Minderheit
Authors: Fichter Klaus , Clausen Jens , Loew Thomas
Published: April 2018

Die Zahl umweltberichterstattender Unternehmen steigt weiter, ebenso die Qualität der Berichte. Die Spitzenreiter Mohn Media, Axel Springer Verlag und Volkswagen erreichen inzwischen über 80 Prozent der möglichen Punktzahl. Doch gravierende Schwächen wie ein zu starker Bezug auf Produktionsprozes­se bleiben. Zukünftig werden bei der Berichterstattung Internetauftritt und Nachhaltigkeitsaspekte an Bedeutung gewinnen.
Kann der Staat nachhaltiges Konsumverhalten steuern?
Authors: Simshäuser Ulla
Published: April 2018

Verbraucheraufklärung, freiwillige Vereinbarungen, Ordnungsrecht etc. – wel­che Instrumente und Maßnahmen motivieren die Masse der VerbraucherInnen zu nachhaltigem Konsum? Und welche Perspektiven ergeben sich für die Politik? Eine empirische Untersuchung von typischen Konsumtrends in den letzten 20 Jahren sowie eine Befragung von PraxisakteurInnen ergab, dass vor allem sy­stemische Ansätze bei Produkten und Politikstil gefordert sind. Vertieft be­trachtet wurden die Bereiche Waschen, Ernährung und Heizen (1).
Nutzungsregime im Wandel
Authors: Hirschl Bernd , Konrad Wilfried , Scholl Gerd
Published: April 2018

"Teilen statt Kaufen", "Reparieren statt Wegwerfen" – diese und ähnliche Slogans spielen in der Debatte um nachhaltige Formen des Konsums eine immer prominentere Rolle. Sie illustrieren die Vorstellung einer Wirtschaftsweise, in der durch intelligente und funktionsorientierte Gebrauchsmuster natürliche Ressour­cen effektiver eingesetzt werden. Doch wie ist es um die praktischen Umset­zungsmöglichkeiten solcher Strategien bestellt? Welche ökologischen Entlastungs­potenziale sind realistisch und welche Entwicklungsperspektiven tun sich auf?
Augen auf und durch
Authors: Korbun Thomas , Dehnhardt Alexandra
Published: April 2018

Wer hätte je geglaubt, dass das Machtkartell aus Agrarlobby, Agrar­politik und Ernährungsindustrie fast über Nacht aufbrechen würde? Die Politik muss nun das entstandene Zeitfenster entschlossen nutzen. Wichtiger als ein brachiales Umsteu­ern in Richtung Öko-Landbau sind langfristige Konzepte für ein "Gree­ning" der konventionellen Landwirt­schaft und eine konsequente Verzah­nung mit der Naturschutzpolitik.
Herausfordernd und lohnend
Authors: Campino Ignacio
Published: April 2018

Unternehmen und Gesellschaft sind derzeit noch nicht nachhaltig. Dennoch ist dieses Leitbild für die Deutsche Telekom eine lohnende Zukunftsalternative. Der Markt erlaubt zwar keine Alleingänge, aber die pro-aktive gleichberechtigte Be­rücksichtigung der ökologischen und sozialen Dimension zahlt sich für das Unter­nehmen auch wirtschaftlich langfristig aus
Zwei Politikwelten?
Authors: Flämig Heike , Einacker Ingo
Published: April 2018

Der wirtschaftliche Strukturwandel und die Trends zur Flexibilisierung der Arbeitswelt sind mit tief greifenden Wirkungen auf die Mobilitätsnachfrage und -organisation verbunden. Diese materialisieren sich im Verkehr. Planungs­verfahren und Politik, die auf traditionellen "starren" Beziehungsmustern aufbauen und auf den Verkehrsbereich begrenzt bleiben, werden dadurch zunehmend in Frage gestellt. Neue Lösungswege müssen gesucht werden (1).
Jenseits von Homo Oeconomicus und Homo Oecologicus
Authors: Beckenbach Frank
Published: April 2018

Bekanntlich ist jeder Mensch verschieden; das was ein Mensch tut oder lässt, hängt von der Situation – Was machen die anderen? Wie ist das Wetter?... – ab. Dennoch lassen sich sowohl im praktischen Alltagsleben als auch in Experi­menten Regelmäßigkeiten im Verhalten der Menschen beobachten. Entsprechen­de wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse erlauben es, Folgerungen in Bezug auf die äußeren und inneren Bedingungen umweltbewussten Verhaltens zu ziehen. Zwei Perspektiv-Erweiterungen des klassischen ökonomischen Handlungsmo­dells sind für die Ökologische Ökonomik von Bedeutung.
Neue Ansätze der Ökonomik aus (sozial-)ökologischer Perspektive
Authors: Beckenbach Frank , Nill Jan
Published: April 2018

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthema
Vor einem strategischen Greening
Authors: Nill Jan , Hübner Kurt
Published: April 2018

Wie kann unter den Bedingungen eines weltweiten Wettbewerbs von Unterneh­men und Nationalstaaten eine Entwicklung in Richtung ökologischer Nachhaltig­keit eingeleitet werden? Umweltinnovationen werden hier häufig als ideale Lö­sung angesehen. Eine umfassende Analyse, die alle Implikationen des ge­wünschten Pfadwechsels zu erfassen erlaubt, sollte am Innovationssystem ansetzen. Die Potenziale werden am Fall Deutschland empirisch illustriert.
Nützen nachhaltige Geldanlagen?
Authors: Kahlenborn Walter
Published: April 2018

Mit der Rentenreform wurde eine ethische, soziale und ökologische Berichts­pflicht für Altersvorsorgeprodukte neu eingeführt. Dies wird dem Markt für nach­haltige Geldanlagen einen weiteren kräftigen Impuls verleihen. Damit wird die Frage immer interessanter, was nachhaltige Geldanlagen tatsächlich bewirken.
Trau schau wem
Authors: Murphy Andrew
Published: April 2018

Kapitalmärkte können zu einem ökologischen Strukturwandel beitragen, da sie jungen Unternehmen eine Chance geben. Dies zeigt das Beispiel der erneuerba­ren Energien. Allerdings gelingt dies nur, wenn die zunehmend wichtigeren pri­vaten Investoren bei ihrer Geldanlage geeignete ökologische Kriterien berück­sichtigen. Ein Praxisbeispiel zeigt die Herausforderungen, die sich hieraus auch für die Intermediäre ergeben.
Modernisierung mit Friktionen
Authors: Walz Rainer
Published: April 2018

Wie nachhaltig sind viel versprechende Umweltstrategien? Aufschlüsse gibt ei­ne integrierte Analyse ihrer Wirkungen auf Beschäftigung, Qualifikationen, Re­gionalökonomie und die Umwelt. Die Betrachtung von vier Beispielen zeigt ein differenziertes, aber in der Summe positives Bild.
On the Way to the Top
Authors: Kokubu Katsuhiko
Published: April 2018

In Fragen der Umweltberichterstattung liegt Japan bereits vor den USAund Europa. Jetzt geht es darum, auch bei der eher nach innen gerichteten Umweltkostenrechnung den europäischen und amerikanischen Standard zu erreichen. Zwei Initiativen vom Umwelt- und Industrieministerium haben hier wichtige Impulse gegeben. Daher lohnt eine genauere Analyse ihres Inhalts sowie ihrer komplementären Rolle.
Nur wenig Neues
Authors: Bauer Siegfried
Published: April 2018

Handlungsfeld Gesund produzieren – gesund ernähren
Jenseits tradierter Wege
Authors: Heuer Petra , Schilde Angela
Published: April 2018

Viele Potenziale einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung sind nur durch regionale Koo­perationen zu erschließen. Dem stehen jedoch einige Hürden entgegen. Wichtig ist, dass die verschiedenen Akteure in ihrer jeweiligen Sprache gezielt für die­sen Prozess gewonnen werden. Als Beispiele für neue Umsetzungswege wer­den die Modernisierung der öffentlichen Verwaltungen, eine verbesserte Kom­munikation dieser mit Unternehmen sowie die Kommunikation von Unterneh­men und Jugendlichen in der Region diskutiert.
Nachhaltigkeit als politisches Konzept?
Authors: Matthes Felix Christian
Published: April 2018

Die Diskussion um die deutsche Nach­haltigkeitsstrategie wirft grundsätzliche Fragen auf. Doch die auch in Öko­logisches Wirtschaften geäußerte Kritik am Entwurf der Bundesregierung macht es sich zu einfach. Insbesondere ver­kennt sie die Rationalitäten des politischen Systems.
Building Sustained Partnerships
Authors: Genskow Kenneth , Born Stephen
Published: April 2018

Die neue Wasserrahmenrichtlinie spiegelt einen internationalen Trend zu neuen Ansätzen des Ressourcenmanagements wider. Dabei kann unter anderem auf Erfahrungen aus den USA zurückgegriffen werden. Flusseinzugsgebietsbezogene Initiativen haben dort zu verstärkten Umweltschutzmaßnahmen, institutionellen Veränderungen und auch wirtschaftlichen Erfolgen geführt. Vor allem haben sie die Problemlösungskapazität und damit die tatsächlichen Umset­zungschancen gesteigert. Erfolgsfaktoren für erfolgreiche Managementansätze sind die Beteiligung auch von Regierungsorganisationen und entsprechende Personalkapazitäten, flexible Organisationsstrukturen zur Bewältigung der Transaktionskosten, eine solide Informations- und Planungsbasis sowie natürlich entsprechender Problemlösungsdruck.
Theorie der Technikfolgenabschätzung reloaded
Authors: Böschen Stefan , Dewald Ulrich
Published: April 2018

Vor etwa zehn Jahren identifizierte eine aufflackernde Debatte die Charakteristika Folgenorientierung, Beratungsbezug und Wissenschaftlichkeit als mögliche Eckpfeiler einer Theorie der Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA). Danach ist es rasch wieder still geworden. Die Beiträge in dem hier vorliegenden TATuP-Thema zeigen jedoch, dass die zentralen Fragen nach der Positionierung von TA und nach ihrer Konzeption der Technikbewertung als Forschungs- und Beratungsprogramm eher an Virulenz gewonnen haben.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions for a class of superlinear elliptic systems
Authors: Li Chun , Agarwal Ravi P. , Wu Dong-Lun
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we establish the existence and multiplicity of solutions for a class of superlinear elliptic systems without Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz growth condition. Our results are based on minimax methods in critical point theory.
Transcriptome analysis of Pinus massoniana Lamb. microstrobili during sexual reversal
Authors: Feng Xiao , Xue-mei Yang , Yang Zhao , Fu-hua Fan
Published: April 2018

The normal megastrobilli and microstrobilli before and after the sexual reversal inPinus massonianaLamb. were studied and classified using a transcriptomic approach. In the analysis, a total of 190,023 unigenes were obtained with an average length of 595 bp. The annotated unigenes were divided into 56 functional groups and 130 metabolic pathways involved in the physiological and biochemical processes related to ribosome biogenesis, carbon metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis. Analysis revealed 4,758 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the mega- and microstrobili from the polycone twig. The DEGs between the mega- and microstrobili from the normal twig were 5,550. In the polycone twig, 1,188 DEGs were identified between the microstrobili and the sexually reversed megastrobili. Concerning plant hormone signal transduction pathways, the DEGs from both the normal and polycone twigs displayed distinct male or female associated expression patterns. There were 36 common hormone-related DEGs from the two types of twigs ofP.massoniana. Interestingly, expression of these DEGs was up-regulated in the bisexual strobili, which underwent the sexual reversal. A portion of MADS-box genes in the bisexual strobili were up-regulated relative to expression in microstrobili.
The neurology and psychiatry of humor, smiling and laughter: A tribute to Paul McGhee. Part I. Introduction and clinical studies
Authors: Rodden Frank A.
Published: April 2018

This review article was written for people like Paul McGhee when he was 20 years old: curious and interested in the neurology and psychiatry of humor, smiling and laughter but neither physicians nor experts in cognitive science. It begins with necessary reflections on what it even means to consider humor, smiling and laughter from within these disciplines. These frames of reference, useful as they are, are far from neutral. The reader is encouraged to be sensitive to some logical and linguistic pitfalls that can fatally endanger meaningful discussions of these subjects. The results of empirical studies of humor, smiling and laughter which have employed the tools of neurology and psychiatry are then reviewed, roughly in the order in which the techniques have emerged historically, beginning with clinical studies (Part I) and continuing with current studies employing functional imaging methods in Part II. Therapeutic approaches using humor, smiling and laughter, particularly with respect to neurological and psychiatric diseases – but also including other diseases – are discussed. Finally, a short synopsis of what is known about the neurology and psychiatry of humor, smiling and laughter is presented.
Vector fields satisfying the barycenter property
Authors: Lee Manseob
Published: April 2018

We show that if a vector fieldXhas theC1robustly barycenter property then it does not have singularities and it is Axiom A without cycles. Moreover, if a genericC1-vector field has the barycenter property then it does not have singularities and it is Axiom A without cycles. Moreover, we apply the results to the divergence free vector fields. It is an extension of the results of the barycenter property for generic diffeomorphisms and volume preserving diffeomorphisms [1].
Chemical surface growth and physical properties of the Au nanoparticles array on glass slides
Authors: Kusnezh V. V. , Il’Chuk H. A. , Tsyupko F. I. , Płaczek-Popko E. , Gwóźdź K. , Biegański P.
Published: April 2018

Gold nanoparticle array on pretreated glass substrates was fabricated by chemical surface growth from the AuCl3, CH2O and Na2CO3 components in aqueous solutions mixture. Transmission, absorption and reflectivity spectra were measured with an UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A change in plasmon maximum absorption position depending on the growth conditions was investigated. The surface morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy. The statistical analysis of the heights, particles diameter and image cross-sections was carried out by scanning probe microscopy methods and the Au NPs size dependence on the growth time was experimentally determined. The results of this paper will contribute to the optimization of plasmonic CdS/CdTe solar cell.
Studies of field emission process influence on changes in CNT films with different CNT superficial density
Authors: Stępińska Izabela , Czerwosz Elżbieta , Kozłowski Mirosław , Wronka Halina , Dłużewski Piotr
Published: April 2018

Field emission from materials at high electric fields can be associated with unfavorable or even destructive effect on the surface of the investigated cathode. The impact of high voltage electric power supply causes locally very strong electric fields focusing on the cathode surface. It causes a number of phenomena, which can adversely affect the morphology and the structure of the cathode material. Such a phenomenon is, for example, peeling of an emissive layer from the substrate or its burnout. It results in tearing of the layer and a decrease or loss of its ability to electrons emission. The cold cathodes in a form of CNT films with various CNTs superficial distribution are obtained by physical vapor deposition followed by chemical vapor deposition. CNTs are catalyzed in pyrolytic process with xylene (CVD), by Ni in a form of nanograins (few nm in size) placed in carbonaceous matrix. These films are built of emissive CNTs - carbonaceous film deposited on different substrates. In this work, the morphology and topography of superficial changes resulting from external electric field in such films were investigated.
Authorityvspower: capitalism, archaeology and the populist challenge
Authors: González-Ruibal Alfredo , González Pablo Alonso , Criado-Boado Felipe
Published: April 2018

We thank all of the commentators for raising crucial points that provide us with the opportunity to make important clarifications. Bernbeck and Pollock point out that in our work, only the people of the present matter, rather than those in the past. Although our discussion centres on living people, we also believe that the past is unfinished and that working with it allows us to build a different future. We also believe that archaeology has a responsibility towards the dead. We are, in a Derridean spirit, committed to “those others who are no longer or [. . .] not yet there, presently living, whether they are already dead or not yet born” (Derrida 2012: 18). There is, however, more than an ethical dimension to this; our plea for a new objectivity means that we are interested in the pastquapast, not just in representations of the past in the present.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Witcher Robert
Published: April 2018

Thirty years ago on a London street, an excited young teenager stood in a queue the likes of which he had never previously seen. The wait, however, was worth it, for the reward was the opportunity to see a small detachment of warriors from the Terracotta Army on their first visit to the city. For this particular young archaeologist, it was a glimpse of a foreign civilisation that made the local Roman ruins look desperately provincial by comparison. But it was not just I who was impressed; public interest in the event was extraordinary. With hindsight, it is easy to overlook the novelty that the warriors represented at that time. Fewer than 15 years had passed between the discovery of an army guarding the tomb of the Emperor Qin Shi Huang, large-scale excavations at the mausoleum complex and its inscription as a World Heritage Site, and the arrival of the exhibition in London at the start of an endless global tour as the new face (or faces) of Chinese cultural heritage.
New Book Chronicle
Authors: Lawrence Dan
Published: April 2018

And so to my next NBC, the difficult second album, the sophomore slump. As an antidote to any jitters on my part, in this issue we tackle a range of books investigating creativity and innovation in the past. Innovation is enjoying something of a ‘moment’ in archaeological thought at present, with several large, multi-disciplinary projects underway in Europe and sessions devoted to the topic at major US and European conferences over the last few years. As with the current concentration on inequality, this interest can be traced to the social and political climate of the present and concerns over rapid technological change, economic growth and productivity. Innovation can be both productive and profoundly disruptive, and as such, it is of central concern in understanding social change in the past and predicting its effects in the future. The first four volumes discussed below deal directly with innovation, creativity and learning. The fifth, written by political scientist James C. Scott, invites us to consider the negative consequences of certain kinds of innovation and the implications for the sorts of complex societies that we live in today.
The Georgian Caucasus and its resources: the exploitation of the Mount Chikiani uplands during the metal ages
Authors: Biagi Paolo , Nisbet Renato
Published: April 2018

Recent surveys around Mount Chikiani in the Georgian Caucasus have revealed intensive prehistoric exploitation of high-altitude obsidian resources, far beyond the scale previously documented.
Shakespeare Terminology with Special Reference to Shakespeare Arden Dictionaries
Authors: Karpova Olga
Published: April 2018

The paper is devoted to the description of a special group of reference works in English author lexicography – terminological (or LSP) dictionaries of different subject areas explored in Shakespeare’s works: ethics, religion, military and naval activities, medicine, music, politics and society, philosophy, theatre, etc. As stated by scholars, Shakespeare is considered to be an expert in nineteen subject fields whose terms are used in their direct and figurative meaning in the Bard’s creative works. Among more than one hundred types of Shakespeare’s linguistic and encyclopaedic reference works, his terminological dictionaries play a significant role, registering and describing special groups of terms from the author’s plays. Shakespeare LSP reference books are combined today into Arden Shakespeare Dictionaries. The article discovers specific features of the architecture of Shakespeare LSP dictionaries: mega-, macro- and microstructure, using the recently published dictionary “Shakespeare’s Plants and Gardens” (2016). Detailed analysis of the unique Shakespearean use of plant and garden names contribute to better understanding of their symbolism and aesthetic value in Shakespeare’s plays.
Archetypes and Mythological Motifs: John Updike’s Legacy Revisited
Authors: Ulvydienė Loreta
Published: April 2018

John Updike is widely considered to be one of the greatest, one of the most popular and sometimes most controversial writers concerned with the American small town and middle-class materialism. A lot of literary critics and researchers observe that Updike’s finest work came from his exploration of ordinary America and from his use of elegant prose, rich with metaphor, to portray the public and private feelings of Americans, their daily rounds of life. In addition, discussing Updike’s individual works a lot of literary critics and researchers have observed the writer’s attempts to re-write myth in “the mythical age”1 of the 20thcentury. Naturally enough, as the return to myth is assumed to be a certain feature of the Modernist movement, half a century later since Updike’s famous novel Centaur was penned, it is indispensable to re-examine the writer’s fictional intentions in the usage of myth. More importantly, it is needful to determine whether we can see the mythic elements and realistic details as a continuum or as the contrasted opposites in his so called “historical chronicles”. Updike’s novels and stories are filled with mythological motifs and character archetypes. Thus, the study aims at revisiting John Updike’s creation considering mythological elements and archetypal images of his heroes alongside with heroic masculinity, war, terrorism and American perfectionism.
Expression of Love Emotions in the Audiovisual Field
Authors: Kerevičienė Jurgita , Grikietis Livija
Published: April 2018

Audiovisual work is significant in its narrative and created images. Conveyance, recognition and experiences of characters’ emotions are not disregarded. By using the most elaborated audio and visual means, filmmakers try not only to involve the viewers in the film plot but also encourage them to discover characters’ emotions and feelings, go through their experiences and perceive their emotional transformation. This article aims at revealing the conceptualisation of transformation of characters’ love emotions in the film “Pleasantville”. Cognitive metaphor and metonymy theories as well as the identified multimodal meaning making resources indicating the embodiment of prevailing love emotions are applied in the analysis. Firstly, emotions, their notion, typology and somatic aspects of love emotions are discussed. Then the focus is put on multimodal constructions and their audiovisual expression. The empirical part of the article deals with the analysis of the most intense love emotions discerned in the film, namely, ecstasy and admiration, paying the primary attention to the multimodal modes used to reveal their conceptualisation.
Práctica de la odontología en el Recinto de Paraíso/Cartago - Sede del Atlántico, Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Barahona Cubillo Juan , Rojas Brenes Cinthya
Published: April 2018

En el curso práctico de Externado Clínico que se realiza en el Recinto de Paraíso de la Universidad de Costa Rica los estudiantes de sexto año, de la carrera de Odontología ponen en práctica los conocimientos adquiridos en años anteriores en escenarios diversos. La población atendida es principalmente de estudiantes universitarios, aunque también se incluye al personal docente y administrativo del Recinto de Paraíso, personas de la comunidad y residentes de Ciudad de los Niños (colegio técnico situado en Agua Caliente, Cartago). Las actividades que se desarrollan son variadas pues el estudiante debe brindar atención odontológica en la Clínica del Recinto mediante la realización de anamnesis, exámenes clínicos, radiografías intraorales, índices de biopelícula dental, instrucciones de higiene oral, profilaxis, aplicaciones tópicas de flúor así como de sellantes de fosas y fisuras, operatoria dental, periodoncia, endodoncia, exodoncia y cirugía. No obstante, durante el curso se llevan a cabo diversas actividades como promoción de la salud mediante charlas educativas, atención bucodental en distintas instituciones, giras a la Reserva Indígena Cabécar-Chirripó, trabajos de investigación entre otros. La rotación en el Externado Clínico, Recinto de Paraíso se constituye en un espacio donde los estudiantes se desarrollan en un ambiente similar al que encontraran luego de graduarse, donde tienen la oportunidad de proyectarse en la comunidad, promover la salud bucodental y brindar atención en distintos grupos de población, permitiendo así que se contribuya en la formación integral del profesional en odontología.
Análisis del proceso de medición de cargas de trabajo en el Instituto Nacional de aprendizaje –INA- Costa Rica
Authors: Castellón Zelaya Luis Arturo
Published: April 2018

Este documento describe los principales resultados de un proyecto de investigación en el que se llevó a cabo un análisis del diseño metodológico para la medición de cargas de trabajo, en el Instituto Nacional de Aprendizaje (INA). El estudio se elaboró como parte del requisito académico para obtener el grado de Magister en Administración de Recursos Humanos de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. A partir de la información obtenida, se demostró la necesidad de ajustar variables como tiempo mínimo, tiempo promedio y tiempo máximo asignado a las tareas analizadas. Posteriormente, se elaboró un producto que consistió en el desarrollo de un procedimiento estandarizado, un instructivo y la mejora del instrumento existente, lo que permitió determinar paso a paso las actividades para medir las cargas de trabajo en la institución que fue objeto de estudio.
LA LITERACIDAD, CONCEPTUALIZACIONES Y PERSPECTIVAS: HACIA UN ESTADO DEL ARTE
Authors: Riquelme Arredondo Angélica , Quintero Corzo Josefina
Published: April 2018

El término literacidad ha sido estudiado y definido desde variados enfoques, advirtiéndose una evoluciónen el tiempo sobre su comprensión. En sus comienzos se refería a nociones dicotómicas sobrepresencia o ausencia de un atributo particular (estar/ser alfabetizado o no); hoy, involucra definicionesdiversas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer estas concepciones y sus cambios epocales, observando estudios que se aproximan empíricamente a su significación. Para ello, se analizó la temática amodo de estado del arte, respecto al significado de dicho concepto. La metodología estableció criteriosde selección de antecedentes teóricos y empíricos, realizándose en dos momentos: a) pesquisa, clasificación de fuentes de indagación para un procedimiento coherente, y b) combinación de insumos, reflexiones de estos mismos; constituyendo así el levantamiento de las conceptualizaciones más significativas. Dentro de los hallazgos emerge la diversidad de percepciones sobre literacidad. Se concluye que la diversidad respecto de su concepción ha aumentado por inevitables cambios de un mundo globalizado y que es vital la visión que socialmente se posea a nivel político-educacional sobre el tema dado; ello influirá en la enseñanza que cada país promueva respecto a la adquisición de competencias en literacidad, y éstas, probablemente, ayudarán en una futura y adecuada inserción social de los estudiantes.
Existence and concentration of positive solutions for Schrödinger-Poisson systems with steep well potential
Authors: Chen Sitong , Tang Xianhua , Peng Jiawu
Published: April 2018

This paper is devoted to study the following Schrödinger-Poisson system

where λ is a positive parameter, a ∈ C(R3,R+) has a bounded potential well Ω = a−1(0), b ∈ C(R3, R) is allowed to be sign-changing, K ∈ C(R3, R+) and f ∈ C(R, R). Without the monotonicity of f(t)=/|t|3 and the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz type condition, we establish the existence and exponential decay of positive multi-bump solutions of the above system for , and obtain the concentration of a family of solutions as λ →+∞, where is determined by terms of a, b, K and f. Our results improve and generalize the ones obtained by C. O. Alves, M. B. Yang [3] and X. Zhang, S. W. Ma [38].
REFOLDING OF HOMOPOLYMER UNDER QUENCHED FORCE
Authors: Kouza Maksim
Published: April 2018

Recently single molecule force spectroscopy has become an useful tool to study protein, DNA and RNA. However, very little attention was paid to homopolymer which plays an important role in many domains of science. In this paper we make the first attempt to decipher the free energy landscape of homopolymer using the external force as reaction coordinate. The impact of the quenched force on the free energy landscape was studied using simplified coarse-grain Go model. Similar to protein, we have obtained a clear switch from the thermal regime to force-driven regime. The distance between the denatured state and transition state in the temperature-driven regime is smaller than in the force-driven one.  Having a rugged free energy landscape without a pronounced funnel the homopolymer folding is much slower than that of protein making study of homopolymer very time consuming.
QUANTUM CHEMICAL STUDIES ON BINDING OF cis-[PtCl2(iPram)(Hpz)] TO GUANOSINE
Authors: Nhat Pham Vu
Published: April 2018

Quantum chemical calculations are employed to examine the interactions of hydrolysis products of cis-[PtCl2(iPram)(Hpz)] with the purine base site of DNA using guanosine as a model reactant. Thermodynamic parameters, electronic structures, bonding characteristics and spectroscopic properties of the resulting complexes are investigated in the framework of density functional theory (B3LYP functional) along with correlation consistent basis sets. Computed results show that these interactions are dominated by electrostatic effects, namely H-bond contributions. Another remarkable finding is that the replacement of amine groups by larger ones accompanies with a moderate reaction between PtII and guanosine.