bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Montaje y puesta a punto de un equipo para plastinación de órganos destinados a la enseñanza
Authors: Main Gabriela , Benzi Patricia , Castañeda Liliana
Published: September 2022

La técnica de plastinación de piezas anatómicas es un método eficaz para la conservación de materiales naturales. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron lograr el montaje y puesta a punto de un equipo para plastinación a temperatura ambiente, con instrumentos y materiales accesibles, y optimizar las técnicas de procesamiento para obtener piezas anatómicas conservadas de calidad destinadas a la enseñanza. Se trabajó con cortes de encéfalos vacunos de 1 cm de espesor, fijados con formol al 5% a 5 °C por períodos no menores a 10 días, posterior deshidratación en acetona a -25°C, impregnación forzada con resina poliéster en un proceso lento, a temperatura ambiente, alternado períodos activos y pasivos y posterior curado con exposición al u.v. Las piezas obtenidas permitieron diferenciar claramente las estructuras internas del encéfalo, así como las sustancias gris y blanca. Se observó disminución en el peso y grosor de las muestras y oscurecimiento después de la realización de la técnica, pero se conservaron los detalles anatómicos haciéndolas aptas para la enseñanza de la anatomía macroscópica.
Social Problems In Drama 13 Reasons Why: Peirce Semiotics Approach
Authors: Jariah Ratu Ainun , Rahman Fathu , P M. Amir
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul Social Problems In Drama 13 Reasons Why: Peirce Semiotics Approach, dengan menganalisis 13 episode yang ditayangkan pada season pertama serial ini oleh Bryan Yorkey. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis masalah sosial yang terjadi pada Hanna Baker berdasarkan tanda-tanda yang muncul yang membuatnya bunuh diri dalam serial drama tersebut. Untuk mendeskripsikan masalah sosial Hanna, peneliti menggunakan metode analisis teks media Charles Sanders Peirce. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap adegan dan dialog dalam drama menunjukkan masalah sosial yang meliputi bullying, kekerasan seksual, bunuh diri, penguntitan, dan penjurian. Hasil penelitian yang penulis dapat simpulkan bahwa permasalahan sosial yang dialami Hanna dalam serial drama “13 reason why” merupakan bentuk seni yang membujuk penonton dan menyampaikan kondisi sosial remaja yang penuh dengan perilaku menyimpang dan menyampaikan kepada semua orang untuk peduli dengan tindakan menyimpang yang ada di sekitar kita.This study is entitled Social Problems In Drama 13 Reasons Why: Peirce Semiotics Approach, by analyzing the 13 episodes that aired in the first season of this series by Bryan Yorkey. This study aims to of this research is to analyze the social problems that happened to Hanna Baker based on the signs that appeared that made her commit suicide in the drama series. To describe Hanna's social problems, the researcher uses Charles Sanders Peirce's media text analysis method. The results of this study show that every scene and dialogue in the drama shows social problems including bullying, sexual assault, suicide, stalking, and judging. The results of the study that writer can conclude that the social problems experienced by Hanna in the drama series "13 reasons why" is a form of art that persuades the audience and conveys the social conditions of teenagers who are full of deviant behavior and conveys to all people to care about deviant actions that are present around us.Keywords: Drama Series, Semiotics, 13 Reasons Why.
Aplikasi Monitoring Perkembangan Belajar Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Berbasis Web
Authors: Darmayanti Putri
Published: September 2022

Anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) adalah anak dengan karakteristik khusus yang berbeda dengan anak pada umumnya tanpa selalu menunjukkan pada ketidakmampuan mental, emosi atau fisik. Dalam memantau perkembangan anak, seorang guru harus mempunyai catatan-catatan yang menjadi referensi baginya untuk memberi laporan tentang perkembangan anak didiknya, baik dari segi nilai akademik maupun kompetensinya guna untuk mengevaluasi pembelajaran siswa, hasil dari belajar siswa biasanya akan diberikan setiap periode per semester, hal ini menyebabkan tidak adanya tolak ukur perbedaan antara laporaan saat ini dengan laporan sebelumnya. Untuk mengakomodir hal tersebut, dibutuhkan suatu aplikasi yang sistematis sehingga perkembangan anak dapat terpantau setiap hari baik oleh guru maupun orang tuanya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Waterfall (air terjun) yang merupakan suatu metode perancangan yang sangat baik karena mengidentifikasikan dengan baik kebutuhan pemakai. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini diharapkan memberikan informasi tentang perkembangan belajar anak berkebutuhan khusus agar memberi manfaat bagi guru, orang tua dan sekolah. Aplikasi ini memberikan informasi mengenai perkembangan belajar anak berkebutuhan khusus yang bersekolah di SLB Swasta Syafiq tanpa harus menunggu sampai akhir semester.
Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis: Penerapan Metode Machine Learning untuk Deteksi Bencana Banjir
Authors: Faiza Intan Mayla , Gunawan Gunawan , Andriani Wresti
Published: September 2022

Banjir merupakan bencana alam yang sering terjadi di sejumlah wilayah Indonesia. Banjir menyebabkan kerusakan serta menggangu kegiatan perekonomian serta aktifitas masyarakat. Untuk meminimalisir dampak kerugian yang akan dialami dibutuhkan deteksi bencana banjir. Machine Learning dapat mempelajari pola data historis yang ada, sehingga dengan menggunakan metode machine learning dapat membantu dalam mengklasifikasikan ataupun mendeteksi apakah akan terjadi banjir atau tidak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Metode Systematic Literature Review. Metode SLR digunakan untuk mengevaluasi, mengkaji serta menafsirkan semua peneletian yang tersedia dengan topik yang menarik, dengan pertanyaan penelitian tertentu yang relevan. Dalam metode SLR dapat dilakukan review dan identifikasi jurnal secara sistematis yang setiap prosesnya mengikuti protokol yang telah dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Machine Learning merupakan metode yang dominan digunakan dalam mendeteksi bencana banjir.
Perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade de mulheres com síndromes hipertensivas no Paraná
Authors: Bueno Debora Pintro , Santos Daiane Campoi , Rabito Lucas Benedito Fogaça , Vaz Marcella Correia , Neves Hanny Karoliny Lima , Pawelski Camila
Published: September 2022

As síndromes hipertensivas gestacionais tendem a surgir na 20° semana de gestação. Ela pode evoluir para pré-eclâmpsia, eclampsia e síndrome de HELLP, por isso é de extrema importância à realização eficaz do pré-natal, dando destaque para o profissional enfermeiro, que tem conhecimento técnico e científico para efetuar com êxito as consultas e orientações. Analisar o perfil das gestantes que evoluíram a óbito, por síndromes hipertensivas correlacionando as possíveis causas e o desfecho dessas patologias de grande relevância. Este artigo de um estudo transversal, analítico e descritivo, que utilizará dados secundários disponíveis no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), no subitem de dados “estatísticas vitais”, considerando mortalidade, que contém como causalidade a SHEG. No período de análise foi percebido que no estado do Paraná entre os anos de 2015 a 2019 atingiu um total de 58 óbitos em mulheres com síndromes hipertensivas gestacionais. A partir da analises dos dados podemos constatar que o número de óbitos por síndromes hipertensivas gestacionais é um indicador de saúde que reflete em fatores socioeconômicos, qualidade de assistência à saúde e desigualdades sociais. Sendo assim, vê-se a importância de uma abordagem focada na prevenção destas patologias, por meio de intervenções com o objetivo da redução da mortalidade durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal, devendo ser prevalente nas unidades de saúde.
Percepções dos profissionais da saúde sobre o diagnóstico precoce e habilidades comunicacionais e relacionais no cuidado da criança com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Gadbem Sofia Kirsten , Jardim Stella Pereira , Nakasu Maria Vilela Pinto , Marotti Jaqueline Brandão Guerreiro
Published: September 2022

Objetivos: O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar as percepções dos profissionais da saúde sobre o diagnóstico precoce e habilidades comunicacionais e relacionais no cuidado da criança com Transtorno do Espectro Autista.  Metodologia: Estudo transversal, qualitativo, com profissionais da saúde, que atendem portadores doTranstorno do Espectro Autista, residentes em Itajubá-MG. Os dados foram analisados segundo a metodologia de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Foram encontradas seis temáticas centrais acerca das percepções dos profissionais da saúde sobre o diagnóstico precoce e habilidades comunicacionais e relacionais no cuidado da criança com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: Benefícios do diagnóstico precoce: melhor evolução clínica (100%); Relevância do acolhimento familiar no tratamento do TEA (100%); Desafios na interação profissionais de saúde paciente: estratégias de comunicação (91,6%); Competências e habilidades na relação profissional de saúde/paciente: empatia (75%); Sinais privilegiados do diagnóstico: atrasos do desenvolvimento (66,6 %); Desafios para a viabilização do tratamento junto à equipe multiprofissional (66,6 %). Conclusão: Foi possível evidenciar que o grande benefício do diagnóstico precoce do TEA é a melhor evolução clínica do paciente autista, sendo possível trabalhar estratégias que favoreçam a comunicação e o desenvolvimento integral do indivíduo.
Produção e exportação de ovos de poedeiras comerciais no Brasil
Authors: Moura Jakline Brandhuber de , Feil Marli Aguirre Aranda , Garcia Rodrigo Garófallo , Adorno Letícia Salomão Barbosa , Monteiro Caio Eduardo Oliveira , Sgavioli Sarah
Published: September 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a evolução da produção e exportação de ovos de poedeiras comerciais no Brasil, considerada para o período de 2007 a 2021.  Foram utilizados procedimentos metodológicos que incluíram além da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, coleta e análise de informações obtidas junto aos órgãos governamentais e imprensa responsável pelo setor. Em 2020, o Brasil foi o 5º maior produtor mundial de ovos comerciais. Em 2021, a região sudeste foi responsável pela maior produção de ovos no país. Em 2021, o consumo de ovos do brasileiro foi de 257 per capita e está abaixo quando comparado a outros países, como o México, com um consumo de 368 ovos em 2020 e os Estados Unidos da América, com um consumo de 289 ovos em 2019. Entre os anos de 2007 e 2021 houve um aumento expressivo do consumo per capita de ovos pelos brasileiros, de 49,03%. Em 2021, as exportações brasileiras para ovos in natura (69,7%) e industrializados (30,3%) obtiveram resultado inexpressivo, representando 0,46% do total produzido, mas há expectativas de melhorias para os próximos anos, com abertura de novos mercados. O Brasil demonstrou crescimento contínuo tanto na produção, quanto no consumo per capita de ovos. Há necessidade de investimento em novas tecnologias, bem como adequação às normas de sanidade e segurança alimentar, e ainda, que as agências responsáveis pela divulgação dos valores nutricionais do ovo junto à população brasileira se tornem mais eficazes e atuem no mercado de ovos industrializados, principalmente no mercado de exportação.
Práticas integrativas e complementares: desafios na implementação no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Silva Maria Andreza Marques da , Paixão Julya Thereza dos Santos , Silva Yhasmin Santos , Rezende Natália dos Santos , Messias Joana Myllena Oliveira , Carnaúba Maria Clarisse Soares , Barros Andreza Maria de Melo , Sousa Yasmim Virtuoso de , Gomes Tales Luiz dos Santos , Moreira Anderson da Silva
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: analisar as produções científicas acerca dos desafios da implementação das práticas integrativas e complementares (PICS) no sistema único de saúde. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura registrada nas bases de dados SciElo e LILACS utilizando os descritores “práticas integrativas e complementares”, “sistema único de saúde” e “saúde pública’’ e que obedeceram aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: texto completo disponível gratuitamente em periódicos nacionais e internacionais e publicados entre os anos de 2011 a 2021. Foram excluídos desta revisão os editoriais, cartas ao editor, relatos de experiência, estudos reflexivos e estado da arte. Resultados: após a aplicação dos critérios estabelecidos, foram selecionados 08 estudos para essa revisão. A partir da análise dos artigos, emergiram três categorias: falta de conhecimento sobre a política nacional de práticas integrativas e complementares; capacitação profissional para a atuação junto às PICs e abordagem das PICs durante a graduação. Conclusão: a falta de informação tanto por profissionais que exercem quanto por público que usufrui, compromete a eficácia das práticas e o aproveitamento completo destas formas de manutenção na qualidade de vida. Além disso, é importante que a gestão se comprometa a implementar as PICs no SUS, a fim de promover a integralidade do cuidado.
Management of patients with allergic diseases in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Lee Eun
Published: September 2022

In the early days of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, allergic diseases, especially asthma, were considered to be risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death. These concerns stemmed from the idea that individuals with allergic diseases are generally more susceptible to respiratory virus infections, which are major causes of exacerbation of allergic diseases. However, epidemiologic data with mechanistic studies showed that the associations between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and clinical outcomes of allergic diseases are complex and affected by diverse factors such as allergic disease severity, phenotypes, and control status with current medications. In addition, children generally have less severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 than those of adults, which complicates the association between allergic diseases and COVID-19-related outcomes among them. The present review summarizes the potential association between allergic diseases and COVID-19-related outcomes and discusses the factors requiring consideration. The findings viewed herein will aid the management of allergic diseases in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the establishment of medical polices for managing patients with allergic diseases.
Probiotics added to maternal nutrition affect ınfantile colic symptoms and fecal microbiota profile: a single-blind randomized controlled study
Authors: Yıldız Karaahmet Aysu , Dolgun Gülümser , Özen Metehan
Published: September 2022

Background: Infantile colic has a multifactorial etiology; although various treatments have been attempted to manage and alleviate its symptoms, a solution is lacking, adversely affecting mothers and their babies. Recent studies have suggested that dysbiosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of infantile colic and that modulating the gut microbiota, including the use of probiotics, may aid its management.Purpose: This single-blind randomized controlled study evaluated the effect of probiotics (Actiregularis, 5×106) added to the diet of mothers on infantile colic symptoms and neonatal gut microbiota content.Methods: A probiotic drink containing the Actiregularis (5× 106) strain was added to the diet of mothers in the experimental group once daily for 15 consecutive days. Stool samples were collected from each infant twice, on days 0 and 15, and fecal 16s rRNA gene sequencing and compositional-based metabolomic analyses were performed. The mothers recorded the babies’ crying frequency and severity for 15 days using a daily form created by the researchers. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04374955).Results: Infants whose mothers were supplemented with Actiregularis for 15 days showed a decreased frequency (P= 0.00) and intensity (P<0.001) of crying as well as a significantly increased bacterial diversity in the stools (P=0.017). This variety was substantially affected by the addition of probiotic products. The greatest species diversity was observed in the group treated with probiotics, while the least diversity was observed in the control group (Shannon, P=0.0043; Simpson, P=0.017).Conclusion: Babies treated with Actiregularis added to their mother’s diet for 15 days showed decreased crying frequency and intensity and increased bacterial diversity and density.
Pengaruh Pemberian Perasan Lobak Putih (Raphanus sativus L.) dan Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Mencit Model Diabetes
Authors:   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia, Pertiwi Reza , Khodijah Petri Siti ,   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia, Aniza Mifta Violina ,   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia, Kurniawati Noval ,   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia, Kurniati Eni ,   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia, Handayani Dian ,   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia, Lestari Dian Fita ,   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia, Notriawan Doni ,   Universitas Bengkulu Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Kadar glukosa darah adalah jumlah kandungan glukosa yang ada pada plasma darah. Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah puasa merupakan salah satu metode untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit diabetes melitus pada seseorang. Bengkuang memiliki serat larut air yang dapat memperlambat absorpsi glukosa sehingga dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Lobak putih memiliki kesamaan jenis dengan bengkuang yaitu merupakan jenis tanaman umbi yang diharapkan memiliki efek yang sama dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian perasan lobak putih dan bengkuang terhadap kadar glukosa darah mencit yang diinduksi aloksan sebagai model diabetes. Mencit dibagi menjadi 8 kelompok dengan pembagian secara random dan dipuasakan selama 8 jam, pada hari ke–0 diukur kadar glukosa darahnya sebagai kadar glukosa darah awal. Kelompok I sebagai kontrol normal yang tidak diberi induksi aloksan dan diberi aquades. Pada kelompok II-VI, mencit diinduksi aloksan dengan dosis 200 mg/kg BB secara intraperitoneal. Setelah aloksan diinduksikan, diukur kadar glukosa darah mencit pada hari ke-3. Setelah didapati kadar glukosa darah mencit yang tinggi, kelompok mencit II diberi aquades, kelompok III diberi glibenklamid 0,013 mg/20 gBB mencit, kelompok IV diberi perasan lobak putih 0,1 ml/20 gBB, kelompok V diberi perasan lobak putih dan bengkuang 2:1, kelompok VI diberi perasan lobak putih dan bengkuang 1:1, kelompok VII diberi perasan lobak putih dan bengkuang 1:2, kelompok VIII diberi perasan bengkuang 0,1 ml/20 gBB. Pemberian perasan lobak putih dan bengkuang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah.
Effect of Leaching Time on Dissolution of Gold Metal (Au) in Gold Ore Deposits by Hydrometallurgical Process
Authors: Jafar Nurliah , Nurhawaisyah Sitti Ratmi , F Firdaus , Juradi Muhammad Idris , Artiningsih Andi , Arifin Mubdiana , Bakri Suriyanto
Published: September 2022

One of Indonesia’s potential gold ore deposits is found in the Bolaang Mongondow area of North Sulawesi Province. This research is one of the initial studies conducted to determine the metal content of gold in ore deposits based on the results of Au extraction using aqua regia. It is known that several operating parameters determine the success rate of the leaching process. One of these parameters is the leaching time. The leaching time ranges used in the study were 5, 10, 20, 60, and 120 minutes. Based on the variation of the leaching time applied to the leaching process, it will also be known how much mass of dissolved Au metal is. The leached filtrate obtained was then analyzed for its concentration using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometry) instrument. The AAS data were then processed using x and y curves to obtain the optimum leaching time, and the mass of dissolved Au metal was obtained using the equation. The results showed that the optimal time for the hydrometallurgical process in gold ore deposits was 120 minutes with an Au concentration of 1.67 mg/L.
Indication Of Hydrothermal Alteration Based On Petrography Of Granit Garba (KGR), Tanjung Beringin Village, Muaradua District, South Sumatera
Authors: Aini Salsyabillah Nurul , Dyah Hastuti Endang Wiwik
Published: September 2022

The research was conducted in Tanjung Beringin Village, Muaradua District, South OKU Regency, South Sumatra. The location of this research is geologically located in the basement of the South Sumatra Basin which composes the Garba Mountains, namely Granit Garba. Granit Garba is an intrusion rock with the youngest age among the basement rocks forming the South Sumatra Basin. The lithology that composes this formation is a granitoid rock with interesting constituent mineral characteristics and there are indications of hydrothermal alteration processes that affect rock formation. The characteristics and hydrothermal alteration of these granitoid rocks can be identified using petrographic analysis of rock thin sections. Based on the petrographic analysis, it is interpreted that there are two groups of granitoids that make up Granit Garba. The two groups of granitoids are quartz monzonite and granodiorite. The difference between the two types of rock lies in the composition of the main mineral constituents. Quartz monzonite is a rock with minimal quartz composition and relatively the same percentage of plagioclase and alkali feldspar. Meanwhile, granodiorite has more quartz composition than quartz monzonite with relatively more plagioclase minerals than alkali feldspar minerals. The appearance of the thin section in the petrographic analysis of the rock also shows the influence of hydrothermal alteration as evidenced by the presence of secondary minerals. These secondary minerals form associations that occur in the phylic and propylitic zones. The phyllic zone is indicated by the presence of sericite, chlorite, and opaque minerals in the form of pyrite, while the propylitic zone has an assemblage of epidote, chlorite, and calcite minerals.
Studi Mineralogi Batuan Basal Sebagai Source-rock Bijih Besi Daerah Bontocani Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Bakri Hasbi , Anshariah Anshariah , F Firdaus , Nurwaskito Arif , Thamsi Alam Budiman , Anwar Habibie , Umar Emi Prasetyawati
Published: September 2022

Research has been carried out regarding the source rock of iron ore deposits. This area became the object of research because of the discovery of iron ore deposits and several other metals. In this research, the focus of the study is the source rock that carries Fe metal. The results of the initial study indicate that the basalt is thought to have carried the metal intruding the wall rock causing a reaction to occur. The analysis in this paper consists of field research, sampling, preparation, and analysis of petrography and XRD. Based on petrographic observations, basalt is composed of the main minerals in the form of pyroxene minerals, plagioclase, and base mass with a distinctive texture in the form of a porphyry texture where pyroxene and plagioclase minerals as phenocrysts are embedded in the base mass and opaque minerals. The secondary minerals found were epidote, actinolite, hornblende, anatase, staurolite, carbonate minerals, chlorite, sericite, magnesite, clay minerals, and quartz. The ore minerals are magnetite, goethite, chamosite, and pyrope.
MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) SEBAGAI SOLUSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PADA MATERI KENAMPAKAN ALAM DAN SOSIAL BUDAYA
Authors: Sundari Kori , Aulia Rifa
Published: September 2022

Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, atau yang biasanya disingkat IPS adalah salah satu mata pelajaran yang harus dipelajari oleh siswa di SD yang mengkaji tentang sosial kemasyarakatan yang berguna bagi kehidupan siswa kelak. Tujuan dari pembelajaran IPS itu sendiri untuk menjadikan manusia sebagai warga negara yang baik sadar akan hukum dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi literatur yang menganalisis dan mengkaji hasil dari penelitian sebelumnya yang memiliki tema yang relevan. Jenis Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dimana proses analisis data lebih menekankan pada penyimpulan perbandingan tinjauan pustaka dari beberapa jurnal ilmiah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) ini dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS dalam tiga aspek yakni kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) merupakan salah satu tipe pembelajaran kooperatif yang menekankan pada struktur khusus yang dirancang untuk mempengaruhi pola interaksi siswa dan memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan akademik. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS materi Kenampakan Alam dan Sosial Budaya.
GAMBARAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN REALISTIC MATHEMATIC EDUCATION TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Aningsih Aningsih , Ansida Marsyana
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran model pembelajaran RME Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika di Sekolah Dasar. Hal ini dilihat dari siswa menganggap pelajaran matematika sulit, hanya menghafal rumus paham betul pembelajaran Matematika sehingga siswa menjadi bosan dan kurang memahami pembelajaran Matematika. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Systematic Literatur Review (SLR). Dari artikel penelitian yang dipublikasikan 8 tahun terakhir (2014-2022), artikel membahas mengenai model Realistic Mathematic Education terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah Matematika. Dari hasil review dan penelitian beberapa artikel yang sudah dilakukan penggunaan model RME terbukti berpengaruh dan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Karena dengan dilaksanakannya Model Realistic Mathematic Education apa lagi dalam pembelajaran Matematika ini, siswa akan lebih berperan aktif dan situasi belajar akan lebih menyenangkan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Model Realistic Mathematic Education dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah Matematika siswa.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR SERI SEBAGAI SOLUSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KARANGAN NARASI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Sugiharti Rini Endah , Anggiani Regita Aryanta
Published: September 2022

Keterampilan menulis karangan narasi siswa masih kurang maksimal dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari sedikitnya siswa yang mampu menulis karangan narasi. Saat pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan materi menulis karangan narasi, sebagian besar dari siswa tersebut tidak dapat menulis karangan narasi. Siswa tidak antusias dan malas saat menulis karangan narasi, siswa masih bingung memilih kata untuk menuangkan ide yang ada dalam benak mereka dan Isi cerita tidak berkesinambungan dari awal hingga akhir. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan Media Gambar Seri. Media Gambar Seri merupakan media gambar rangkaian cerita yang disajikan secara berurutan yang digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk menarik perhatian siswa dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran yang akan lebih mudah untuk di pahami siswa melalui media. Media gambar seri ini dikembangkan dengan melibatkan para siswa dalam menelaah indikator dalam menulis karangan narasi.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AUDIOVISUAL BERBASIS POWTOON PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI KELAS IV
Authors: Hanipah Ani , Saputra Erwin Rahayu
Published: September 2022

Penggunaan media pembelajaran buku yang masih banyak digunakan oleh guru dalam pembelajaran IPA menyebabkan siswa jenuh dan kesulitan dalam memahami materi. Hal ini pun menjadikan kurangnya pemanfaatan fasilitas yang ada di sekolah, seperti proyektor dan laptop. Media pembelajaran audio visual berbasis powtoon menjadi salah satu media yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi kejenuhan siswa dalam belajar. Proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran audiovisual berbasis Powtoon merupakan langkah untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang dapat memudahkan siswa dalam memahami materi. Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa-siswi kelas IV SDN 1 Dangiang, Kecamatan Banjarwangi Kabupaten Garut. Penggunaan Media Audio Visual Berbasis Powtoon diterapkan pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA). Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 2 Desember 2021. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode Deskripsi dengan pendekatan Kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu Observasi dan Wawancara. Observasi dilakukan saat pelaksanaan pembelajaran berlangsung. Dan wawancara dilakukan pada murid kelas IV sebagai informan kunci penelitian. Penilaian aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran audio visual berbasis powtoon dilakukan menggunakan sekala likret. Skor pada setiap kriteria yiatu 4 (Sangat Baik), 3 (Baik), 2 (Cukup), dan 1 (Kurang). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terlihat bahwa aktivitas belajar siswa selama proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran audio visual berbasis powtoon pada mata pelajaran IPA memiliki rata-rata 83,3%. Rata-rata aktivitas siswa ini termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik.
MODEL CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS DESKRIPSI PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Aziz Dede Abdul , Shani Aulia Rachmah
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Gambaran dari Penerapan Model Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) Terhadap Hasil Menulis Deskripsi Pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh beberapa masalah berupa hasil keterampilan menulis deskripsi siswa masih tergolong rendah (dibawah nilai KKM). Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari kendala siswa yang masih mengalami kesulitan menulis dan menyusun kata dengan bahasanya sendiri sehingga siswa kurang berkembang dalam menulis karena terbatasnya ide, pendapat dan pengetahuan menulis siswa karena metode yang diterapkan masih konvensional (ceramah). Kendala tersebut dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan model Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL). Jenis metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data dengan menggunakan jurnal penelitian yang berkaitan dengan variabel penelitian. Berdasarkan dari analisis data 11 jurnal dalam Model Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) menunjukkan bahwa nilai persentase terendah adalah 17,52% dan tertinggi mencapai 100%. Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa Model Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis deskripsi siswa serta dapat membuat siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan bersemangat sehingga dapat berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Indikator menulis deskripsi terdiri dari : Kesesuaian judul dengan isi karangan, Penggunaan dan penulisan ejaan, Diksi atau pilihan kata, Struktur kalimat dan Penggambaran objek. Dengan Model Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) diyakini siswa mampu untuk mengamati, mengingat serta menuangkan isi pikiran ataupun ide ke dalam tulisan sesuai dengan apa yang telah ia lihat.
The Self and its Vicissitudes
Authors: Mitcheson Katrina
Published: September 2022

This chapter draws on the thought of Nietzsche, Foucault and Freud to argue for a view of the self as constructed through interpretative processes. These thinkers all reject the idea of the self as a fixed and unchanging substance. This chapter employs their insights to argue that an inherently changeable self emerges in a historically specific process, involving the interpretation of bodily drives. It further explores some of their key differences, placing them in critical dialogue; with insights into the importance of other related drives in Freud and the role of institutions in Foucault adding a useful supplement to Nietzsche’s insights into the interpretative activity of drives and challenge to the idea of any simple and unified agency. Crucially, we find in these thinkers different views about what a self need, or should, look like. This disagreement on what could constitute a self, and how open its possibilities are, points to the importance of art, through which forms of possible selfhood, can be experimented with.
Beyond Narrative
Authors: Mitcheson Katrina
Published: September 2022

This chapter details Ricoeur’s theory of a narrative self in which he proposes that a coherent self is created through plot, establishing a unity of experience and the possibility of agency, without relying on an idea of the self as an underlying substrate. Ricoeur suggests that a disintegration of plot is a disintegration of character. But in turning to the paintings of Francis Bacon we are reminded that the self is also threatened by bodily disintegration. This chapter thus argues that while we should incorporate some of Ricoeur’s insights in our account of self-construction, the narrative approach is lacking because the model of emplotment neglects corporeality and obscures the multiplicity of processes of self-construction. It is ultimately reductive to see the process of self-construction entirely in terms of emplotment and the forms of possible self as able to map onto a character in a plot. We, therefore, need an account of the hermeneutics of the self that can incorporate somatic and plural interpretative activities.
A Corporeal Hermeneutics of the Self
Authors: Mitcheson Katrina
Published: September 2022

This chapter appeals to the work of Louise Bourgeois for a model of construction that can incorporate multiple, material processes in the creation of form. Bourgeois’ art foregrounds the role of material as a condition of possibility but also a constraint on the creation, and maintenance of, new forms by the artist. This chapter explores the relationship between the creation of form and material processes in her work, yielding insights into this relationship that can be applied to our understanding of the relationship between selves and bodily processes. It further discusses the nature of the materiality of self-construction in terms of corporeality, using works by Bourgeois which deepen our awareness and understanding of corporeality. Her work both demonstrates the eliminability of the body and testifies to the implications of the cultural context in which it is expressed and interpreted. In addition to drawing on her work to elaborate a model of corporeal self-construction, the chapter also considers how Bourgeois connected her artworks to her own self-construction.
The Law of Delict in Scotland
Authors: Reid Elspeth
Published: September 2022

This in-depth study of the Scottish law of delict begins by surveying the historical foundations for the modern law and the basic principles common to all areas of liability. The law of negligence is then analysed at length. That section draws upon the law of England and the Common Law world, reflecting the substantial convergence which has taken place between English and Scots cases in the law of negligence, but gives particular emphasis to examination of the Scots sources. Specific attention is also given to liability of public authorities, professional negligence and employers’ liability. A separate section is devoted to issues of causation and remoteness, reflecting modern discussion of these subjects. Although English and other comparative sources are noted as appropriate, the distinctive Scottish dimension is reflected in particular in the book’s coverage of injuries to specific interests, including assault, infringement of liberty, defamation, harm to economic interests and property, breach of confidence and invasion of privacy, and nuisance. The general principles underlying statutory liability are also explained, alongside separate chapters on occupiers’ liability, product liability, harm caused by animals and harassment. The final section of the book gives extended treatment to defences, contributory negligence, prescription and limitation and the range of remedies to which delictual liability gives rise.
Standard of Care
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

Discussion of standard of care follows on from the treatment of the scope of duty. The general principles are analysed in detail, as rooted in the Scottish case of Muir v Glasgow Corporation and developed through the modern case law. Particular problem contexts are given specific consideration, including the standard of care demanded of children, the incapacitated and the disabled, novices in a given activity, and participants in sport. The chapter concludes with discussion of the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur and its continuing role in establishing breach of duty.
Factual Causation
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

The problems of proving factual causation are discussed in this chapter, beginning with an explanation of the basic but-for test. The significance of the divisibility of harm is discussed, as are the difficulties of attributing causation where there are multiple causes of industrial disease. This leads into discussion of the material contribution test as elaborated in Wardlaw v Bonnington Castings Ltd, the material increase in risk test as formulated in McGhee v National Coal Board, and subsequent developments in cases such as Fairchild v Glenhaven Funeral Services Ltd. There is also an examination of the application of the material contribution test to medical cases. The assessment of independent supervening causes is explained. A further section reflects upon the “modest departure” in Chester v Afshar from conventional rules of causation. Finally, the actionability of loss of a chance is reviewed in the medical, commercial and litigation contexts.
Interference with Bodily and Mental Integrity
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

This chapter deals with liability for non-negligent physical injury, the infliction of physical blows and the making of threats, and the relevance of intention in the various contexts. Problems of justification are considered in this connection, as is the use of excessive force by public offices, and questions of consent. The intentional infliction of mental harm is also discussed and developments arising from recent case-law, in particular the English case of O v Rhodes. The final section of the chapter provides extended treatment of liability for infringement of reproductive autonomy, wrongful pregnancy, wrongful birth, wrongful life and issues arising from damage to stored sperm.
Breach of Statutory Duty
Authors: Reid Elspeth Christie
Published: September 2022

By way of an introduction to a separate section of the book on breach of statutory duty this chapter outlines the general principles informing this form of liability. Its interaction with the law of negligence is discussed. The general indicators of a right of action are evaluated. There is also an examination of the level of harm required, the nature of breach of duty, issues of causation and defences in this context.
Only Northerners Need Apply? Northern Broadsides and No-nonsense Shakespeare
Authors: Heaton Caroline
Published: September 2022

Caroline Heaton shows how, following its formation in 1992, the Northern Broadsides has been a regular source of Northern-infused energetic productions of works by Shakespeare, in the shape of Barrie Rutter’s company. Rutter, part of the post-war generation of working-class drama students who wanted more than walk-on parts or character roles, pioneered a kind of quickfire Shakespeare performance arguably closer to the original than the RSC, with the focus on substance rather than show. All of Northern Broadsides’ shows are in broad Yorkshire dialect regardless of the play or character, so the language does not sound ‘authentic’ in any historical sense, but Heaton makes a strong case for seeing and hearing Northern Shakespeare as the real thing, or as real as theatre gets.
Shakespeare and Blackpool: The RSC’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream (2016): A Play for the Nation?
Authors: Wardle Janice
Published: September 2022

Janice Wardle addresses the question of northern Shakespeares by exploring a specific production of A Midsummer Night’s Dream by the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Blackpool Grand Theatre in April 2016. This staging reveals not an antithetical comic opposition of Shakespeare and the north, but an ethically-driven conversation designed to revive the performance of the play and northern communities. Wardle is acutely aware of the potential tensions and contradictions around a prestigious national play aiming for local interaction in ‘the world’s first working-class seaside resort’. Wardle’s insights into the production are significant, particularly where the context of the Brexit Referendum is flagged with all its negative implications for the arts and for the very diversity that the play stages and which the inclusive notion of nation was meant to convey.
Lancastrian Shakespeares: Hamlet and King Lear in North West England (2005–2014)
Authors: Oakley-Brown Liz
Published: September 2022

Liz Oakley-Brown makes a case for seeing Juliet McKoen’s Frozen (2005) and Jenn Ashworth’s ‘Doted’ (2014) as representing Lancastrian renditions of Hamlet and King Lear. As Lancastrian visions of Hamlet and King Lear respectively, we see how these pre-modern plays of elite sensibilities help articulate the identity politics of contemporary culture. Both film and short story are seen to have structural and thematic links to Shakespeare’s two great tragedies, themselves bound up with geography, with sea and land and the elements, and in her exploration of ‘site-specific critical and creative “collisions”’, Oakley-Brown convincingly argues for the diversity and distinctiveness of Lancastrian Shakespeares.
Language Modernisation between Self and the Other
Authors: Lian Chaoqun
Published: September 2022

This chapter examines how the modernisation of Arabic was conceptualised in the ALA discourse in line with a persistent dyad (as a discursive habitus) of both an exogenous and endogenous understanding of modernisation. From an instrumental perspective, Arabic was perceived to be challenged by the incompatibility between an inherited linguistic tradition and an imported linguistic modernity, making the status of Arabic perilous in the modern Arabic- speaking world. From the symbolic perspective, as a marker of the Arab nation, Arabic was believed to exemplify the modern predicaments of the Arab nation, which was thought to be caught between continuing stagnation from within, and unremitting colonial and imperial threats from without. Modernising Arabic, therefore, became a language planning project always directed at a national cause. The reconciliation of tradition and modernity for Arabic was, in fact, part of the search of the Arab national self in new sociopolitical circumstances, emerging and evolving from the late eighteenth century, to counterbalance the hegemony of the powerful Other, conceptualised mainly as the West. A number of important themes, such as language reform, language maintenance, language and imperialism, and Arabic as a transnational, world language, are addressed in this chapter.
Ordinary Paranoia
Authors: Barnwell Ashley
Published: September 2022

Chapter four looks deeper into the fascinating ‘paranoia paradox’ that has emerged in the previous two chapters. Critics argue that critique is out of touch with social reality because it has become invested with the wrong motives, namely suspicions about hidden agencies and inequalities. Yet, as the previous chapter demonstrates, very similar reading practices are lively and abundant in everyday life. Following on from the theoretical and method directives discussed so far, this chapter focuses on Kathleen Stewart’s ethnography, Ordinary Affects (2007). Explicitly framed as a turn against what Sedgwick terms ‘paranoid reading’, Stewart’s evocative ethnography, in a bizarre irony, describes a hyper-vigilant public. Drawing together quotidian and academic methods of interpretation, this chapter foregrounds the value of the ‘hermeneutics of suspicion’ as a dynamic, everyday method for navigating shifting social structures, including the changeable structures, rules and values of methods themselves. It shows that critical attention can be intuitive and creative: the very means by which people anticipate the future and make unsure decisions in real time.
Ernest Renan’s Search for a Religion of Modernity
Authors: Nash Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

A keynote figure in Edward Said’s Orientalism, Renan’s work gave impetus to the differentiation between ‘Aryan’ and ‘Semitic’ races and their contribution to civilisation that was formational for European race theory. He was helped in this by Gobineau, who had promoted the Aryan idea in his Inequality of the Human Races. Not only had this work influenced Renan, but Gobineau’s story of the Bab stimulated him to valorise the Bab’s martyrdom and that of his followers as evidence that religion was still alive in the nineteenth century. The chapter shows how this belief inflected Matthew Arnold’s ideas on modern religion too, and concludes by arguing that Renan’s endorsement of Babism was promoted by western Baha’is to support their claim that its offshoot, the Baha’i faith, was the modern religion for humanity.
Muslim Responses and a Future for Mahdi Movements
Authors: Nash Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

Finally, some Muslim responses to Baha’is and Ahmadis are raised. Individual Muslim thinkers like Iqbal and Maududi pointed both movements out as the fractious products of Persian Magianism. However, the evidence from Muslim societies which subject mahdi or former mahdi movements to discriminatory policies flags up different emphases. Muslim states’ have employed varying and inconsistent terms (such as ‘heretic’, ‘non-Muslim’, ‘apostate’) to categorise Baha’is and Ahmadis and have exacted diverse penalties. Passing on to the study’s findings, it is argued from the evidence of Shoghi Effendi’s writings in particular that a specifically Baha’i form of orientalism was formulated. This is accounted for by deploying a postcolonial methodology which explicates his adoption of a position of self-orientalising easterner. It is concluded though, that the broader charge their enemies often crudely lay against Baha’is has never been proven - that is: that they were creatures of imperialist powers, whether British or Russian. However, the incorporation of orientalist axioms into Baha’i discourse undermines the Baha’i faith’s mission for world unity and peace. In the context of Muslims’ inter-sectarian strife, due to their own sectarian positions, neither the Baha’i nor Ahmadi movements have emerged positions which present constructive and practical solutions.
Pardon and Oblivion: Pardon, Benefit of Clergy, Peine Forte et Dure
Authors: Hudson Judith
Published: September 2022

Focusing on Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure, 2 Henry VI, and a range of lesser-known drama, Chapter Four explores the alternative consequences of prosecution in the period, interrogating the penalties associated with a refusal to plead (the peine forte et dure), and the questionable outcomes of general pardons and benefit of clergy. It asks questions about the uses of pardon in early modern society, about the interaction of pardon and penance in a landscape of secularised justice and about the influence of political forces on the debate around capital punishment. Further, it examines the ways in which such outcomes become part of a metaphoric landscape, at times a structuring principle, in contemporary dramatic works. Finally, the chapter raises wider questions about scholarly process, examining the ways in which these problematic ‘legal fictions’ disrupt the expectations that cluster around both legal and literary practice.