bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-Evaluation of the Barbarian and the Primitive in the (Pre) Avant-Garde
Authors: Protrka Štimec Marina
Published: December 2023

The heteroimage of the Southeast European semiperiphery was subjected for centuries to geopolitical stereotypes of the Slav, either as a noble savage, as in the works of Fortis and Herder in the 18th and 19th centuries, or as a political “powder keg”, as a Balkan barbarian in more recent perspective. In such a geopolitical imaginary, the Balkans were perceived (described) primarily negatively, representing not only an Oriental Other, but above all a European semi-Other, a barbaric and primitive “Other within” (Todorova). The image of the “noble savage” in the exotic vision, which sets the world in binary oppositions, is used and reinterpreted by the artists of the (pre) Avant-Garde. The movement's inherent impulse to resist and re-evaluate traditional aesthetics, history and institutions, as well as to transgressively redefine both the instances of authorship and the criteria for creating and evaluating artworks, is evident in the way barbarism and primitivism are used as counterparts to the bourgeois normative value system. Their artistic texts and performances have an inherent orientation towards the primitive and the barbaric, which are traditionally presented in opposition to Western culture and civilisation, i.e. the politics of globalisation. At the level of artistic transgression, this transposed “otherness” is treated as a dialogical opponent, an object of fascination and identification, and a site of appropriation of time. This article deals with the way the primitive and the barbaric were treated in the Yugoslav avant-garde, either in some collective undertakings (Zenitism, Surrealism) or in individual creations (Ujević, Krleža). This topic will be addressed in three steps: 1. in the context of reflections on literature as a response to geopolitical prejudices (stereotypes); more specifically, in the concepts of the centre (especially Eurocentrism), civilisation and primitivism; 2. in a consideration of the use of primitivism, barbarism and bohemianism as expressions of aesthetic and public (political) resistance to regulated social practises and value systems; 3. an interpretation of these phenomena in the context of either imaginary or actual literary and social transformations.
Characteristics Citizen Participation National Ecosystem Survey Data
Authors: Kang Dain , Park Gyuryeong , Choi Seung Se , Yi Tae Woo
Published: December 2023

Citizen participation data has different characteristics from expert. Understanding the unique attributes of citizen participation data and considering the disparities between such data and that collected by experts is of paramount importance to harness citizen-generated data effectively. In this regard, location information was presented for five taxa of plants, insects, birds, amphibians, and mammals nationwide surveyed by citizens in 2022, excluding endangered species. Additionally, species information and administrative district information are included. It is anticipated that the integration of citizen participation survey results with expert research findings will enhance the efficacy of natural ecological monitoring. By directly collecting ecological data, which becomes the basic data for natural environment policy, opportunities for public participation in natural environment policy will be expanded, and through this, it will be possible to raise awareness of natural environment conservation.
Cerebral dysfunction in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Muradyan N. A. , Kuzmina I. M. , Gvindzhiliya T. R. , Balanyan V. M. , Popugaev K. A.
Published: December 2023

Background. The article discusses the features of one of the complications of acute myocardial infarction – cerebral dysfunction, which negatively affects the quality of life of patients, worsens the disease prognosis, increases the hospital length of stay and the risk of death. The presence of cerebral disorders in patients with acute myocardial infarction causes difficulties in the choice of therapeutic tactics, including the decision on myocardial revascularization. The identification of predictive factors for cerebral deficiency in acute myocardial infarction and the development of an algorithm for the management of such patients is an urgent task of today medicine.

Aim. To study the features of cerebral dysfunction in patients with myocardial infarction according to contemporary Russian and foreign literature sources. To create an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral dysfunction in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Material and methods. Patients with acute myocardial infarction who developed cerebral dysfunction in the acute period of the disease were examined.

Conclusion. Timely diagnosis, antiplatelet therapy, emergency reperfusion therapy in the acute period of myocardial infarction, as well as preventive measures reduce the development of cerebral complications, improve the results of treatment of patients with myocardial infarction, reduce the number of inpatient treatment days, as well as improve the long term prognosis.
Democracia energética: quadro conceptual e agenda de investigação para o caso português
Authors:   ICS-UL, Ferreira Vera
Published: December 2023

A génese da democracia energética está associada à reivindicação de uma politização da transição energética. As suas dimensões incluem o controlo democrático do sector energético, a redistribuição do poder político e económico, o direito universal à energia renovável e a justiça social. A democracia energética concede uma lente original para avaliar critica- mente as implicações políticas, socioeconómicas e ambientais das transições energéticas. Assim, partindo do estudo de caso português, é desenvolvida uma grelha de análise que pretende facilitar a identificação e avaliação de instrumentos de democratização energética no contexto nacional. É ainda avançada uma agenda de investigação em torno dos futuros energéticos em Portugal.
EPOXIDATION OF 1-OCTENE BY TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF TITANIUM COMPOUNDS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Makota О. І. , Komarenska Z. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Oliynyk L.P. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

The epoxidation reaction of 1-octene by tert-butyl hydroperoxide in the presence of TiB2, TiC and TiSi2 was investigated. It is shown that the titanium compounds catalyzed the reaction and exhibited different activity. It is established that TiSi2 is the best choice for theepoxidation reaction which provided 73 % of hydroperoxide conversion and 75 % of selectivity of epoxide formation. The performance of TiSi2 after three runs indicated it’s excellent reusability.
STUDY OF THE VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES OF HEAVY OIL FROM THE YABLUNIVSKY FIELD OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Romanchuk O. O. , Topilnytskyy P. I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yarmola T. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

Viscosity-temperature properties of high-viscosity oils from 3 wells of the Yablunovsky field (Poltava region, Ukraine) were studied using a rotary viscometer. According to the nature of the curves of the dependence of dynamic viscosity and shear stress on the shear rate, the nature of the flow of these oils is established, which is of practical importance for effect evaluating of various methods of action on the rheological behavior of these oils during their extraction and transportation.
PRODUCTION OF PETROLEUM BITUMEN BY OXIDATION OF TAR FROM A MIXTURE OF EASTERN UKRAINIAN OILS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Khlibyshyn Yu. Ya. , Hrynyshyn О. B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pochapska I. Ya. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pstrowska K. ,   Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
Published: December 2023

The study results of the process obtaining of petroleum bitumen with improved quality indicators are described. The method of mixing the tar of paraffinic oils with the residue and the distillation of Orkhiv oil with subsequent oxidation of this mixture was used. To conduct the research, tar extracted from Western Ukrainian paraffinic oils was used. The influence of temperature, oxidation duration and air consumption on the operational properties of oxidized petroleum bitumens were determined. Samples of the obtained oxidized petroleum bitumen were analyzed with the determination of ductility (at 25 0C), penetration (at 25 0C) and softening point (ring-and-ball method). We established that the bitumen with improved operational properties obtained from the residue of paraffinic oils with the addition of residue from the distillation of Orkhiv oil to the raw materials can be used for laying asphalt pavement.
KINETICS OF DRYING OF MATCH SPLINTS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kuzminchuk T. A. , Atamanyuk V. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Duleba V. P. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Janabayev D. ,   Shymkent University
Published: December 2023

The research results of the kinetics of match splints drying in a stationary layer are presented. The kinetic curves of match splints drying were obtained. The effect of the height of the stationary layer on the drying time is investigated. The influence of temperature and filtration velocity of the heating agent on the drying velocity was determined. The values of the critical moisture content and the time for the mass transfer front to reach the perforated partition were determined.
RESEARCH OF POLYMER BLENDS PROPERTIES CONTAINING ADDITIVES OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chopyk N. V. , Zemke V. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Krasinskyi V. V. ,   Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute for Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes, Gaydos I. ,   Technical University of Košice, Levytskyi B. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

The properties of blends filled with polymers of a different structure and low molecular weight additives were analyzed. Additives selection is grounded. It was established that three- component polymer blends have a sufficient fluidity value, which ensures the ability of obtained materials to be processed. The influence of the composition and nature of the components on the physical and mechanical properties of obtained compositions was studied. The adding of mineral filler into the polymers blend helps to increase dispersion and thus expands of application of mentioned polymer owning to their possibility to be processed.
THE ROLE OF THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE IN THE FORMATION OF TWO-LAYER POLYAMIDE/HYDROGEL MEMBRANES OF INCREASED STRENGTH
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Baran N. M. , Grytsenko T. O. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dulebova L. ,   Technical University of Kosice
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the influence of the molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone on the properties of two-layer hydrogel/polycaproamide membranes. Composite membranes are obtained by the developed method, which consists in the formation of hydrogel membranes with subsequent deposition from a solution into their outer surface of a reinforcing layer based on polyamide modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone. It was established that the molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone, both in the composition of the hydrogel membrane and in the modifying solution, has a significant effect on the interaction between the layers of composite membranes and their characteristics, such as water content, bursting strength , and osmotic salt permeability.
HYDROGEL MEMBRANES BASED ON COPOLYMERS OF 2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE WITH POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE, MODIFIED WITH MONTMORILLONITE AND SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Melnyk Y. Y. , Ivanukh O. O. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Semenyuk N. B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kostenko M. B. ,   Johannes Kepler University Linz (Austria), Institute of Polymer Science, Skorokhoda V. Y. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

Hydrogel membranes based on copolymers of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with polyvinylpyrrolidone, modified with inorganic additives were synthesized. The influence of montmorillonite and silver on the properties of synthesized composite hydrogel membranes was studied. It was established that montmorillonite improves the mechanical properties of membranes, but slightly reduces their permeability. The chemistry of the recovery reaction of silver from its salts using polyvinylpyrrolidone as a reducing agent and stabilizer is proposed. The conducted studies confirmed the prospects of using synthesized hydrogels based on HEMA/PVP copolymers which contain special additives for the marking of biomedical materials with antibacterial properties.
Banking control in Ukraine: problems of implementation and adaptation to international standards
Authors: Mariia Antsyferova Mariia
Published: December 2023

The article revealed that the current national legislation of Ukraine, unfortunately, does not have a legally regulated concept of "banking control". Scientific doctrine is multifaceted and contains diametrically different interpretations. Without pretending to the completeness and redundancy of the analysis of existing views on the nature of bank control, we will formulate the author's definition of "bank control". It is established that the domestic banking legislation is based on "Basel I" with the exception of the amendment regarding the inclusion of market risks from 1996. It was noted that the experience of foreign countries indicates a change in approaches to bank control. It is no longer just a control over compliance by banks with formal indicators, it is a transition to the principles of banking control defined in the international agreements "Basel II" and "Basel III", the introduction of a risk-oriented approach, quality control at the level of the banks themselves. It was concluded that the implementation of a number of Basel II and Basel III principles in Ukraine will only strengthen the Ukrainian banking sector as a whole due to a better understanding and quantitative assessment of risks, improving the quality of corporate governance and increasing business transparency.
Administrative and legal guarantee of the rights and legitimate interests of ukrainian citizens in the field of public administration in Ukraine
Authors: Dobosh Zoryana
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of administrative-legal guarantee of the rights and legitimate interests of Ukrainian citizens in the sphere of public administration in Ukraine. Special attention is devoted to the analysis of the rights and legitimate interests of a person in the field of public administration as a subject of administrative and legal guarantees in Ukraine. It has been established that the source of guaranteeing individual rights in the field of public administration is the state. Other institutions of the state acting as subjects of administrative and legal guarantee of the rights of the individual in the field of public administration, broadcasting his will, endowed by the state with special competence, effective means of guaranteeing the rights of the individual. The article analyzes the peculiarities of the combination of public interest and private legitimate interests of individual individuals, the theory of the dualism of private and public interest within the framework of subjective public law, presents an analysis of the category "public legitimate interests", and the structure of subjective public rights. It was found that the category of subjective law in the public legal sphere is wider than the category of subjective public law. Particular attention is paid to the types of subjective public human rights, since their satisfaction is the most important subject of administrative and legal guarantee by the state, in particular through the mechanism of judicial control. Special attention is devoted to the analysis of public-civil, public-political, public-social rights. Positive and negative public, general and special rights in the researched area are singled out. It was noted that the practical implementation of administrative and legal guarantees of individual rights requires the involvement of a wide range of state institutions endowed with the necessary competence to create conditions, implement means aimed at guaranteeing the possibility of implementing individual rights and, if necessary, their protection. The features of guaranteeing the legal rights of a person, the system of such guarantees are characterized. It is emphasized that while guaranteeing a wide range of legal opportunities, the state should focus on developing a clear mechanism for countering the abuse of law in the field of public administration in wartime conditions.
Legal basis of the application of gender quotas in Ukraine
Authors: Lesko Natalia
Published: December 2023

The article examines the legal basis for the realization of women's political rights in Ukraine. An important condition and guarantee for the establishment of democracy in Ukraine is the equality of women and men in all spheres of life of society and the state. Among the various aspects of the modern perception of the state of women in society and the state, the aspect "woman and politics" occupies a special place. Having analyzed the peculiarities of the realization of women's political rights in Ukraine, it was noted that since 2010, gender quotas have been absent in the electoral legislation of Ukraine. However, gender quotas were introduced for the first time in 2015, but they were not mandatory. According to the new Election Code of Ukraine dated December 19, 2019, gender quotas became a mandatory norm at the nomination stage. It is advisable to change the stereotypes about the role of women in politics, therefore, more attention should be paid to the mass media, which would contribute to the expansion of women's political rights and eliminate prejudiced attitudes towards the role of women in politics. Maintaining the gender quota in the Electoral Legislation of Ukraine plays an important role in the political sphere for all members of society, however, it is necessary to improve the administrative and legal mechanisms for compliance with gender quotas.
On martial status as a special type of administrative-legal regime
Authors: Ostapenko Oleksiy , Baik Oksana
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the theoretical and legal approaches to the concept, content and methodology of the introduction and functioning of one of the varieties of the administrative-legal regime ‒ the martial law regime, as well as the relationship between the legal categories of «restriction» «prohibition», «obligation», which are components of administrative and legal regimes. It is noted that modern approaches to the analysis of martial law, as a special type of administrative-legal regime, are oriented, first of all, to its legislative definition, which enshrines constitutional provisions on the foundations of national security, as well as the legal regime of martial law. One of the reasons for imposing martial law is military aggression by another state using armed forces or other formations. At the same time, it was found that modern approaches to the tasks of the state and society during the period of martial law, to a certain extent, have a historical relationship with the works of scientists of the past. It is emphasized that the legal regime of martial law indicates the temporary transfer of general public management to the military authorities with the granting of extraordinary powers. First of all, this applies to: 1) implementation of public order protection in order to ensure public and state security; 2) imposition of additional duties on citizens, as necessary, aimed at the proper functioning of the economy, restoration and construction of objects, structures for the needs of the economy, and increasing the defense capability of the country’s armed forces. The criteria for distinguishing between the legal regimes of emergency and martial law are analyzed. It was concluded that the existing restrictions and bans are temporary in nature and caused by Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine. At the same time, administrative and legal prohibitions under martial law are a way to ensure legality in the activities of public administration bodies. In addition, administrative-legal restrictions and prohibitions are the basis for preventing tortious and criminal-punishment behavior of all subjects of administrative-legal relations, without exception, during the period of the legal regime of martial law.
Peculiarities of the introduction of the joint transit procedure in Ukraine
Authors: Shulhan Iryna , Prodan Kateryna
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the topical issues of legal regulation of the customs transit regime in Ukraine in the context of adaptation of customs legislation to the norms and standards of the European Union. Establishment of customs regimes is one of the central components of the customs system. Their introduction is intended to serve the development of foreign trade, economic cooperation and contribute to the state budget. Customs regimes play a stimulating, regulatory and protective role in the process of economic growth. The authors examine the customs transit regime and its variant, the common transit regime, and analyse its legal nature and peculiarities of legal regulation. Transit is an important customs regime which performs a stimulating function and contributes to the development of Ukraine's foreign economic relations, and its functioning requires proper legal support. The article reveals the concept and essence of the novelty of customs legislation "unified clearance system", which is a legal regulation of the procedure and conditions for moving goods through the customs territory of Ukraine under the unified clearance system. The rights and obligations of the subjects of the common transit regime, legal support of customs procedures and electronic data exchange in the course of application of the common transit regime are considered. The author analyses the legal support of customs procedures and electronic data exchange during the application of the common transit procedure through the electronic transit system. The analysis of national and international legal acts proves that the system has its own specifics, its own content and is an integral element of the common transit regime. It is emphasised that a number of issues related to the coexistence of two customs regimes (transit and common transit) require further regulation in the relevant legislation. In addition, the legislator will face the task of further reforming the functioning of the customs system by introducing appropriate amendments and additions to the Customs Code of Ukraine and other legislative acts.
Organizational and legal basis of supporting the development of organic production in Ukraine at the state and local levels
Authors: Radionova Uliana , Luts Dmytro
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of one of the most relevant areas of development of the agricultural sector in Ukraine – organic agricultural production. The mechanism of support and encouragement of the domestic producer has been studied. An important aspect is the legislative regulation of organic farming, its problems and prospects based on the experience of other states, as well as the possibility of implementation at the state level. The impetus for changing the vector of the state producer in favor of organic production was the Agreement on Association between Ukraine and the European Union dated June 27, 2014 No. 984_011, which provides for cooperation between the Parties in various areas, including the field of agriculture and the development of rural areas. It is indisputable that the lack of proper state support and the lack of sufficient stimulation of the agricultural producer when switching to the production of ecologically clean products becomes an obstacle for the development of this industry, so the question arises about the need to attract international donors, consolidation of state and regional programs. In general, the agrarian policy of Ukraine has potential and is taking gradual steps to popularize and encourage producers to switch to organic product production. The article provides data on the current state of state and regional policy to support organic production in Ukraine, analyzes measures to stimulate the development of organic production, and their regulatory regulation. It was concluded that, as of now, there is no possibility to systematically provide the appropriate level of state support at the expense of the state budget. Therefore, in matters of protectionism of organic production, the resources of the state and local budgets should be combined within the limits of the adopted regional programs and the attraction of grant funds.
Firearms as an object of joint common property of spouses during the distribution of property
Authors: Rymarchuk Rimma , Shmyhovska Viktoriia
Published: December 2023

Ukraine is a democratic state governed by the rule of law, that is, one whose legislation should maximally respect the fundamental rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen. In any time, and especially as difficult as now, it is important to have effective functioning of all possible ways to protect and implement these fundamental rights. It is important in our time to observe the right to a fair trial. Yes, many cases are resolved in court, but recently cases about the distribution of property have become widespread. Family law cases involve many important legal issues such as divorce, legal separation, property and debt division, child custody and visitation, child and spousal support, business valuation, health and life insurance, tax implications, parenting and pensions . Problematic issues in cases about the distribution of property of spouses, acquired under the right of common co-ownership during the period of marriage, appear more and more often in modern judicial practice. Thus, a husband and wife who have expressed a desire to dissolve their marriage are not always able to voluntarily agree on the division of property on their own. Therefore, a large number of such cases are resolved in court, and quite often controversial issues arise that are not always regulated by current legislation. An interesting issue is the distribution of weapons acquired during marriage. In many of these situations, you may think that having the gun registered in your name is all that is needed to preserve ownership in a divorce. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Even if each of your firearms is registered in your name alone, this will not affect the final asset distribution decision made by the court. If the weapon was purchased during the marriage, it will be considered joint property regardless of the registration documents. Therefore, a weapon cannot be considered an object of individual use by one of the spouses, and therefore is not personal private property.
Criminal law approaches to the analysis of crime prevention programs in the USA
Authors: Koval Maria , Soroka Svitlana
Published: December 2023

It was emphasized that in Ukraine, representatives of all types of law enforcement activities develop certain methods and measures to combat crime at the level of their own competence. Of course, there are national and regional programs, but specific bodies and their divisions have considerable freedom of action regarding the direction of professional implementation. This approach has positive points and some caveats. Guided by national programs, representatives of a specific law enforcement branch can determine on the ground the main "risk zones" and the contingent of citizens with whom it is expedient to work more intensively. The point of concern is that all services and units need to act in a coordinated manner so that preventive work is carried out in a planned manner and covers all areas of the population without gaps and duplication of measures. It is noted that the introduction of grant programs is a powerful factor for the full implementation of preventive measures to prevent crime. Each grant program provides for a specific direction of implementation of measures that will ensure work with the target audience based on a certain set of methods. Programs for work with minors are, as a rule, educational, those that cover the population in general - legal education, work with the elderly is aimed at familiarization with social guarantees and opportunities, in particular, with regard to inheritance law, lifetime maintenance contracts, etc. It was found out that today in all developed countries of the world, in particular in the USA, large-scale work on preventive activities is carried out at the state level. The authorized bodies develop perspective programs and create specialized units that implement these projects in practice. World practice on crime prevention is implemented through practical application after being established in the relevant regulatory and legal acts. Attention is focused on the importance of conducting preventive work with persons released from prisons in the context of their resocialization. Such persons need psychological and material support in order not to commit crimes due to the rejection of them by society, because many of them claim that it is easier for them to be in places of deprivation of liberty than in a prejudiced environment, when it is difficult to get a job, to restore lost social connections ties, etc.
The future of international law: integration of modern technologies, hybrid approaches and creation of new normative frameworks for the global community
Authors: Bohiv Yaryna , Shardakova Anastasiia
Published: December 2023

Annotation. In today's world, the impact of technology on international relations and the legal system is rapidly increasing, which is due, in particular, to the development of information technology. Globalisation has covered the economic, political and cultural spheres of society, which has led to the relevance of this work. This article examines the future of international law in the context of integration of modern technologies, hybrid approaches and creation of a new regulatory framework for the global community. The article examines the methods used, such as modelling conflict situations with the help of artificial intelligence, applying cyber measures to ensure cybersecurity, integrating blockchain technologies to increase the reliability and transparency of international agreements, and analysing big data to predict trends in international legal issues. The role of technology in expanding opportunities for international cooperation and improving conflict resolution mechanisms will be discussed. Particular attention will be paid to hybrid approaches that combine traditional methods with innovative tools, contributing to the creation of more effective and flexible normative mechanisms. It will also examine the challenges and opportunities associated with the use of these technologies in contemporary conflicts, trade, human rights and other areas of international law. These new types of conflicts combine both military and non-military methods, including cyberattacks, disinformation, hacking, hybrid propaganda and economic pressure. The analysis highlights the prospects for the development of a new normative framework that takes into account modern technologies and hybrid approaches, contributing to a more just, secure and stable international system. This article will contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between technological innovation and the future of international law, providing an important contribution to the development of this important field. The analysis concludes that modern technology can serve as an engine for creating a more efficient, flexible and equitable normative framework in global international relations.
The role of higher government bodies in European integration processes of Ukraine
Authors: Romtsiv Olena , Levchuk Nazar
Published: December 2023

This scientific article examines the process of preparation and accession of the state to the European Union (EU) with an emphasis on the work of higher authorities. The authors analyze the key aspects and stages that include the transition to European norms and standards, as well as the reforms necessary to comply with EU standards. The article examines the role of parliament, government, and other authorities in the implementation of European policies and legislation, and evaluates their effectiveness in this process. The study is based on the analysis of practical steps and strategies that have been used by various countries during their path to EU accession. The main conclusions of the article are aimed at revealing the key factors of successful entry and work of higher authorities in this context, including political will, reform measures and mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating progress. Among the highest state authorities that that play an important role in the process of Ukraine's accession to the European Union are are: 1) the Parliament of Ukraine, which provides legislative regulation of the process of European integration process. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, which has adopted a number of laws, aimed at harmonizing the current legislation with the EU requirements, in particular, in the human rights, corruption and economic reforms; 2) the President of Ukraine, who acts as the head of the delegation Ukraine's President, who acts as the head of Ukraine's delegation in negotiations with the EU. His active support is important to facilitate the process of European integration. The President has ordered a number of reforms and initiated important international agreements, such as Association Agreement with the EU; 3) the Government of Ukraine, whose key task is to implement reforms and European standards. Among the main priorities are justice, anti-corruption policy, increasing economic stability and social and social protection of the population.
EFFICIENCY OF THE TOURIST PRODUCT FORMATION PROCESS FROM THE POSITION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION PROVISION
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Novakivskyi I. , Yarmola K. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Modern development of tourism business requires complex business processes of automation taking into account not only the internal factors of enterprises, but also the influence of external environment on the basis of single informational tourist`s space of creation. The profit of tourist organization depends on many components in conditions of high rates of tourism products moral aging. Of course, to optimize profit it is needed to monitor income and expenses. However, monitoring these processes in real time is quite difficult as it is necessary to constantly monitor not only the result, but also a number of accompanying factors. The use of information and communication technologies in the tourist organization contributes to the improvement of the customer service quality, affects the creating new tourist products` process and provides support for tourist products`s implementation. In modern conditions, the expected benefits from the introduction of a new product can be obtained only through the use of modern ICT capabilities. Improving communication access and increasing the efficiency of internal and external communications will create conditions for effective tourist products/services promotion. Design/methodology/approach. To determine the essence of tourist’s product’s conception and the characteristics of tourist product formation stages, the method of theoretical generalization including elements of analysis, synthesis and systematization was used. Graphical and tabular data of display techniques were usedfor visual presentation of research results. Evaluation of the information level and communication support for the tourist product formation process was carried out on the basis of integral indicator use of the weighted average and expert evaluation`s method. The method of logical generalization and systematic approach was applied to come to conclusions. Findings. Determining the effectiveness of information and communication support in the process of forming a tourist product is a critically important element for the competitiveness and success of tourism enterprises in the modern world which indicates the relevance of the research topic. The article analyzes the process of forming a tourist product from the point of view of information and communication support (ICT). Originality/value. The proposed model, developed on the integral indicator model basis of the weighted average, will help tourism enterprises to determine the effectiveness of information and communication support of tourist product formation process and to take measures to ensure the success from this process. Considering the value of ICT, this model becomes an indispensable part of the strategy for tourism companies in today’s digital world.
Characterization of Leaf Essential Oil from Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Cultivated on Agroforestry Land
Authors: Hartari Widia Rini , Hidayati Sri , Utomo Tanto Pratondo , Sartika Dewi , Suharyono
Published: December 2023

Lampung is the third largest producer of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) in Sumatra Island, Indonesia. Most nutmeg essential oil refining industries in Lampung process nutmeg seeds, but not many distill nutmeg leaves. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the chemical compounds of nutmeg essential oil to determine the potential for further processing products and the quality of nutmeg essential oil. The leaf essential oil samples were obtained from a refining industry in Pesawaran, Lampung, Indonesia. The chemical compounds of the essential oils were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nutmeg leaf essential oil quality was then evaluated according to SNI 06-2388-2006 as standard testing for nutmeg oil. The data were then analyzed descriptively. The results identified 28 active compounds in nutmeg leaf essential oil. Compounds with high relative abundance were streptamine (76.46%), aquinolizine (4.67%), boron (3.73%), kaurene (2.03%), pyrrole (1.95%), and naphthalene. There were also terpenoid compounds that produced aromas, such as guaiol, borneol, cedrene, cubenol, and spathulenol. The quality assessment of leaf nutmeg essential oils also fulfilled the requirement of SNI 06-2388-2006. However, the optical produced rotation towards the left, namely -9.48°, and a specific gravity of 0.87, less than the SNI 06-2388-2006 requirement of 0.88. Nutmeg leaf essential oil has the potential to become a raw material for health and beauty products.
Keywords: agroforestry, essential oil, nutmeg leaves, streptamine, terpenoid compounds
Framings of colourism among Kenyan Twitter users
Authors: Kiarie Caroline , Jones Nicola-Jane
Published: December 2023

Colourism is a form of discrimination where dark-skinned people of colour are perceived and treated less favourably than lighter-skinned people of the same ethnic group or racial classification. Much of the scholarly literature on colourism is focused on the experiences of African-Americans in the United States, but there is also substantial literature examining colourism’s impacts for Americans of Latinx, Indigenous, and Asian ancestry, and for people of colour in the Caribbean, Latin America, the UK, Europe, the Asia-Pacific, and parts of Africa. To date, there has not been significant scholarly focus on the phenomenon as it manifests in Kenya. This study sought to address that research gap by: (1) exploring the extent to which colourism is an issue of concern among Kenyan users of the social media platform Twitter; and (2) identifying the main colourism themes present in posts in the Kenyan Twitter ecosystem. The research entailed mining Kenyan Twitter data for nine and a half months in 2022, which resulted in the documentation of 7,726 unique posts on elements of colourism, as posted from 5,094 unique Twitter user accounts. Using inductive frame analysis, three predominant thematic categories were identified across the posts: (1) colourism perceptions; (2) colourism experiences; and (3) colourism influence. The frame analysis also uncovered sub-themes in each of these three broad categories. It was found that most of the Kenyan Twitter users who tweeted on matters of colourism during the period studied both acknowledged the existence of colourism’s manifestations and at the same time rejected the manifestations, advocating for a future free from such discrimination.
ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLERDE YUMUŞAK GÜÇ&KÜRESELLEŞME: ABD'NİN YUMUŞAK GÜCÜNÜN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİKA ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ
Authors: ŞEKERCİ HAYALİ Almira Sinemis
Published: December 2023

Bu makale, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin (ABD) uluslararası ilişkilerdeki yumuşak gücünün vurgulanarak, ABD'nin uluslararası politikadaki önemi üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Yumuşak güç, askeri ve ekonomik güç dışında kullanılabilen ve bir ülkenin uluslararası alanda etkili olmasını sağlayan araçtır. ABD, bu yumuşak güç aracını etkili bir şekilde kullanarak uluslararası politikada lider bir rol oynamaktadır.

ABD'nin yumuşak gücünün temel bileşenleri ideolojik, kurumsal ve kültürel faktörleri içermektedir. İdeolojik olarak, ABD demokrasi, insan hakları ve özgürlük gibi evrensel değerleri teşvik etmektedir. Kurumsal olarak, ABD uluslararası organizasyonlarda liderlik yapar ve küresel sorunlara çözüm arar. Kültürel olarak, ABD pop kültürü, eğitim sistemi ve teknolojik üstünlüğü ile dünya genelinde etkileyici bir varlığa sahiptir. Bu faktörler, diğer ülkelerin ABD'yi taklit etmeye ve Amerikan yaşam tarzına özenmeye teşvik edebilir.

ABD'nin yumuşak gücü, uluslararası ilişkilerdeki güç dengesini yeniden şekillendirebilir. Diğer ülkeler, ABD'nin yumuşak gücüne hayranlık duyduğunda, ABD'nin politika ve değerlerini benimseme eğilimindedirler. Bu, uluslararası politikada ABD'nin çıkarlarına hizmet edebilir ve uluslararası iş birliğini teşvik edebilir.

Sonuç olarak, ABD'nin yumuşak gücü, uluslararası ilişkilerdeki etkisini artırmak için hayati bir araçtır. ABD, ideolojik, kurumsal ve kültürel faktörleri kullanarak uluslararası alanda liderlik yapabilir ve diğer ülkelerin politika ve değerlerini etkileyebilir. Bu nedenle, ABD'nin yumuşak gücü, uluslararası politikadaki önemini sürdürmek için kritik bir unsurdur.
Comparison of variation in the building shapes and the window-to-wall ratio by concerning energy consumption for thermal comfort and lighting
Authors: Kurniawan Andre , Lapisa Remon , Setiawan Muhammad Yasep , Rahim Bulkia , Syahri Budi
Published: December 2023

: Currently, an influential factor contributing to thermal comfort home design is the incorporation of energy-efficient passive design principles. It is exemplified by strategic window placement, the utilization of thermally efficient materials, and effective insulation. It exerts a substantial influence on thermal comfort and electrical consumption. This paper examines the effect of building shape and window-to-wall ratio (WWR) on thermal comfort and lighting energy consumption in residential houses in tropical climates. The lighting electricity and the adaptive thermal discomfort hours of 30 different models of houses were obtained using OpenStudio and EnergyPlus simulation software. The models were developed for three building shapes (square, rectangle, and L-shaped), and each model was varied in five models of window-to-wall ratios. Results indicate that the square-shaped model with a WWR of 10% will provide the lowest energy consumption in thermal comfort had 420.45 kWh/m2. On the other side, the lowest energy consumption in lighting is the square-shaped model with a WWR of 50% had 507.95 kWh/m2. Thus, the recommendation is to use the square-shaped house that represents the most efficient air conditioning system while the other WWR set also produce the most natural luminaire. It is because the percentage of WWR increased will result in more energy consumption in air cooling but slightly lower energy consumption in lighting. However, when considering aesthetics and freshness, the WWR of the 50% model will offer a better deal.
Evaluation of Liposuction as a Part of Abdominoplasty and Simultaneous Hernioabdominoplasty
Authors: Timerbulatov M. V. , Shornina A. S. , Lihter R. A. , Kaipov A. E.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. According to the estimates of many countries, liposuction comprises a sought-after aesthetic surgery, achieving a leading position among popular surgical interventions in recent decades. For instance, the records of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons show, that liposuction occupied the 4th place in 2020, 3rd — in 2019, and 2nd — in 2000. Liposuction is frequently included in other aesthetic surgeries. In 2019–2023 the Plastic Surgery Unit of the Mother and Child Clinical Hospital, Ufa, performed this surgical intervention an isolated operation, and as part of abdominoplasty, mammoplasty, brachioplasty, and face-lifting. Aim. To analyze the clinical data of the Plastic Surgery Unit of the Mother and Child Clinical Hospital, Ufa, on the experience of performing liposuction as a stage of the anterior abdominal wall correction in isolated abdominoplasty and simultaneous hernioabdominoplasty. Materials and methods. The study involved 56 patients: women with overweight or obesity, suffering from aesthetic and functional problems in the anterior abdominal wall associated with pregnancy and childbirth. Surgical treatment and outpatient follow-up were performed in the Plastic Surgery Unit of the Mother and Child Clinical Hospital, Ufa from 2019 to 2023. Group 1 of patients included 33 people who underwent abdominoplasty combined with liposuction, group 2 comprised 23 patients, who had hernioabdominoplasty with liposuction. Results and discussion. Liposuction refers to a technique for removing excess fat deposits and improving the contours of the anterior abdominal wall. Liposuction stands as the main component of surgical intervention on the anterior abdominal wall, simplifying the stages of detachment of the anterior abdominal wall and redistribution of the skin-fat flap. The complication rates in abdominoplasty with liposuction and hernioabdominoplasty with liposuction differ insignificantly. Conclusion. Liposuction as a part of abdominoplasty or hernioabdominoplasty contributes to the improvement of surgical treatment outcomes.