bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear robust fault-tolerant control for turbofan engines with actuator faults
Authors: Cheng Dingding , Liu Lijun , Yu Zhen
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates nonlinear robust fault-tolerant control for turbofan engines with actuator faults. The nonlinear robust fault-tolerant control method is proposed in this paper, which can guarantee the fault tolerance and robustness of turbofan engines when faults and disturbances occur. The design method is implemented in three steps: Firstly, the dynamic effects caused by actuator faults on turbofan engines are analyzed and then the multivariable polynomial state-space model of turbofan engines with actuator faults is proposed. Secondly, appropriate design parameters are chosen according to fault information. Thirdly, the nonlinear robust fault-tolerant control law for turbofan engines with actuator faults is designed by solving an optimization problem. In addition, stability and [Formula: see text] gain-like for turbofan engines with bounded disturbances and actuator faults are guaranteed by the proposed nonlinear robust fault-tolerant control method. The distinctive characteristic of the paper is that the nonlinear robust fault-tolerant control method for turbofan engines against actuator faults is proposed which can relax the accuracy requirements of the fault diagnosis subsystem and improve the fault-tolerant performance of the closed-loop control system. Simulations show that the nonlinear robust fault-tolerant control method has better control performances including transient responses, disturbance rejection, and fault tolerance for the turbofan engine with actuator faults.
Effects of inclined squealer rims on tip leakage vortex and loss in a transonic axial turbine
Authors: Wang Yufan , Zhang Weihao , Mu Yumo , Jiang Shoumin , Chen Yun , Ma Guangjian
Published: July 2022

In this paper, to investigate the effects of inclined squealer rims on tip leakage flow and loss, numerical simulations have been performed on a transonic high-pressure turbine. Based on the geometry of prototype with conventional cavity tip, six modifications with different inclined rims are constructed. The effects of inclined suction side squealer rim (SSSR) on tip leakage flow (TLF) is analyzed emphatically. The results show that it is advantageous to control the TLF and loss if the internal and external surface of SSSR are inclined in a proper direction. When the internal surface of SSSR is inclined toward the cavity, the scraping vortex and its pneumatic labyrinth sealing effect are enhanced, which is beneficial to blocking the TLF and reducing the mixing loss. As the external surface of SSSR is inclined toward the passage, the pressure gradient near the tip changes and the intensity of adverse pressure gradient decreases, which is conducive to suppressing the breakdown of tip leakage vortex (TLV). In addition, the inclined external surface could make the TLV away from the blade and reduce the viscous dissipation. Regarding the aerodynamic performance of the turbine, the inclined pressure side squealer rim (PSSR) could improve the stage efficiency of the turbine by 0.08% relative to the prototype, while the proper inclined SSSR could further improve that by 0.18%.
Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Hypoxia-Conditioned Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Yang Yi , Li Xu-bo , Li Yu , Li Tian-xiao , Li Ping , Deng Guang-mao , Guo Qiang , Zhou Xiang , Chen Xiao-hu
Published: July 2022

Extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) play an important role in lymphangiogenesis; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of extracellular vesicles secreted by hypoxia-conditioned ADSCs in lymphangiogenesis and explore the potential molecular mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles were extracted from ADSCs cultured under hypoxia or normoxia conditions. The uptake of extracellular vesicles by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The effects of extracellular vesicles on the viability, migration, and tube formation of LECs were determined by CCK-8 assay, migration assay, and tube formation assay, respectively. Molecules and pathway involved in lymphangiogenesis mediated by ADSC-derived extracellular vesicles were analyzed by luciferase reporter assay, qRT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Western blot. Hypoxia ADSC-derived extracellular vesicles (H-ADSC/evs) significantly enhanced the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of LECs. Hypoxia decreased the expression of miR-129 in ADSC-derived extracellular vesicles. Overexpression of miR-129 counteracted the promoting effect of H-ADSC/evs on lymphangiogenesis. In addition, decreased exosomal miR-129 expression resulted in upregulation of HMGB1 in LECs, which led to AKT activation and lymphangiogenesis enhancement. Our data reveal that extracellular vesicles derived from hypoxia-conditioned ADSCs induce lymphangiogenesis, and this effect is mediated by miR-129/HMGB1/AKT signaling. Our findings imply that hypoxia ADSC-isolated extracellular vesicles may represent as a valuable target for the treatment of diseases associated with lymphatic remodeling.
Availability of Facilities and Interest towards Entrepreneurship among Rural Small Holders’ Farmers of Coastal Districts in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Vijila Y. , Kanaka V. Maria Shirin
Published: July 2022

Agriculture has been, for a very long period of time, the main activity for people in rural areas. The climate change, in addition, exiguity of farming land due to the growth of the population, farming has become difficult. Different regions of the world are not affected in an unequal number of disasters and coastal areas are more exposed. Governments, NGOs and researchers have tried to come up with some new remedies. The best way seems to be initiating some allied activities in farmers’ lives to improve their livelihoods. Are the farmers easily welcoming the new exit way to their misery?

This study wants to know the interest of farmers towards livelihood enhancement activities through entrepreneurship from Thiurvallur district to Kanyakumari district in Tamil Nadu comprising 13 districts. The data was collected among 286 small landholders through a scheduled interview between October 2020 and February 2021. It wants to assess the existing facilities to improve farmers’ livelihood at their disposal. Major findings through SEM analysis have shown that, holding livestock, possessing machinery for agriculture, possessing other skills than farming to manage livelihood and the membership in self-help groups has a positive impact on the livelihood enhancement activity.
Re-thinking Content: Teaching Students About Entrepreneurship Versus How to Be an Entrepreneur
Authors: Morris Michael H.
Published: July 2022

The discipline of entrepreneurship has witnessed significant progress over the past 25 years in terms of the introduction of new courses and degree programmes in universities across the globe. At the same time, the question of what should be taught in basic or foundational entrepreneurship courses remains an open issue. As a result, it is unclear how such topics as the entrepreneurial mindset or the development of entrepreneurial competencies should be approached, and whether topics such as the lean start up or the business plan should be included. Without clear direction on what should be taught, pedagogical discussions regarding how these courses are delivered, such as the relative emphasis on experiential learning, are problematic. This article suggests the question of content in foundational courses in entrepreneurship rests upon the question of whether the educator seeks to teach students about entrepreneurship, or rather, how to become an entrepreneur. A framework is introduced for determining priorities when deciding upon course content. Attention is devoted to seven decision variables for use in determining what to include in a foundational course, and guidance is provided for how one might approach each of these variables. Using this framework, educators can address a number of other issues surrounding foundational courses, including treatments of different contexts for entrepreneurship and the employment of different pedagogical approaches to content delivery.
Effects of Self-service Technologies’ Attributes on Bank Customers’ Experience, Relationship Quality and Re-use Intention: Insights from a Developing Economy
Authors: Ugwuanyi Chidera Christian , Idoko Edwin Chukwuemeka
Published: July 2022

Services providers’ recent inclusion of technology-enabled mechanisms in services delivery especially in banking sector in developing economies are significantly replacing earlier human-to-human dominated pattern of bank–customer relationships. Notwithstanding glaring penetration of self-service technology applications in bank service delivery, how its attributes influence customer experience, relationship quality and reuse intention has been largely eluding research attention. Therefore, this article investigates influence of self-service technology applications’ attributes on customer experience, relationship quality and reuse intention among customers in deposit money banks. Data was collected from 310 respondents using online-based questionnaire. Structural Equation Modelling approach with the aid of SmartPLS serve as the analytical tool in the examination of hypothesized paths in the research schema. Findings reveal that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness were positively related with cognitive and affective experience. Also, cognitive and affective experience had positive-significant influence on customer satisfaction; however, cognitive and affective experiences demonstrate statistically insignificant relationships with trust. Furthermore, satisfaction and trust positively and significantly correlate with reuse intention. Implication for theory and practice were put forward as well as suggestions for future research.
Curcumin-Impregnated Drug Delivery Systems May Show Promise in the Treatment of Diseases Secondary to Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review
Authors: Yilmaz İbrahim , Karaarslan Numan , Somay Hakan , Ozbek Hanefi , Ates Ozkan
Published: July 2022

Objective

To find out whether curcumin can be effective in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods

A comprehensive and systematic literature search in the PubMed electronic database was performed. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the data obtained. The results were presented as frequency and percentage (%) or amount.

Results

Two clinical trials investigated curcumin for the treatment of TBI. One study tested curcumin in living mammalian subjects using an amyloLipid nanovesicle. In three studies, curcumin was investigated together with the drug delivery system for the treatment of TBI.

Conclusion

Drug delivery systems prepared with nanomaterials may have a potential therapeutic effect in treating TBI by increasing neuroprotection because they can penetrate the central nervous system more rapidly.
Denying Death: The Terminally Critically Ill
Authors: Larson Stephanie A. , Mayer Patricia A.
Published: July 2022

We describe a subgroup of the Chronically Critically Ill (CCI) we call the Terminally Critically Ill as demonstrated by terminally ill cancer patients. These cancer patients, though clearly terminally ill and with relatively short prognoses, can be kept alive for extended periods with medical interventions aimed at treating the complications of the cancer and cancer treatment. Such interventions can be painful, exhausting, costly and may interfere with attending to end of life concerns. We present a typical (composite) case and discuss ethical concerns regarding this growing subgroup of the chronically critically ill patients for whom death is routinely denied and delayed for extended periods.
Relationship Between Stigma Experience and Self-Perception Related to Facial Appearance in Young Japanese Patients with Cleft lip and/or Palate
Authors: Oka Ayaka , Tanikawa Chihiro , Ohara Hauka , Yamashiro Takashi
Published: July 2022

Objective

To examine the relationship between stigma experience related to facial appearance in Japanese youths with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and their self-perception.

Design

A cross-sectional study.

Participants

Sixty-nine Japanese youths with CL/P (11-18 years old)

Outcome measures

The participants’ stigma experience in relation to facial appearance (measured with 7 single contextual scale items) and their self-perception (measured with 5 domain scores based on 30 perceptual items) were assessed using the Japanese version of the Youth Quality of Life Instrument-Facial Differences Module. Participants were categorized into high and low self-perception subgroups with a threshold of 1 standard deviation for each domain. The frequency of stigma experiences was compared between the following 2 subgroups: age, sex, cleft palate only versus other cleft, and high versus low self-perception. Correlations between the responses regarding stigma and all domain scores were examined.

Results

Sixteen percent of the participants reported experiencing stigma. Hearing others say something about their face occurred significantly more frequently in youths 15 to 18 years of age than in youths 11 to 14 years of age. Stigma frequency was not found to differ by sex or cleft type. Stigma experiences were significantly more frequent for youth with higher scores across negative self-perception domains as well as higher coping skills. Significant correlations were identified between responses regarding stigma items and all domain scores ( r  =  0.27-0.63, p < .05).

Conclusions

It was found that stigma experiences related to facial appearance may influence negative self-perceptions of facial differences as well as higher coping skills among Japanese youths with CL/P.
Intentional Collaboration With Speech-Language Pathologists to Support Language Outcomes of Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Chow Jason C. , Morse Ashley , Senter Reed
Published: July 2022

This article argues for intentional collaboration between teachers of students with emotional and behavioral disorders and speech-language pathologists. After providing a rationale, we detail how special education teachers can leverage the expertise of speech-language pathologists during the Individualized Education Program process. We provide actionable steps that special education teachers and speech-language pathologists can take together to improve the identification, assessment, and subsequent support of language difficulty in students with emotional and behavioral disorders.
Cellular Indices and Outcome in Patients with Acute Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Siddiqui Fakiha , García-Ortega Alberto , Kantarcioglu Bulent , Sinacore James , Tafur Alfonso , Demelo-Rodríguez Pablo , Antonio Nieto José , Usandizaga Esther , Fareed Jawed , Monreal Manuel , the RIETE investigators
Published: July 2022

Background

Cellular indices provide integrative information about systemic inflammation status which is readily available from routine laboratory parameters. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of three cellular indices in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Methods

The RIETE registry database was used to determine the association between the baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte-ratio (PLR) and systemic-immune-inflammation-index (SII) for 90-day adverse outcomes in patients with acute VTE.

Results

From January 2020 to April 2021, 4487 patients with acute VTE were recruited in the RIETE registry. Of these, 2683 presented with symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE); 283 with incidental PE; 1129 with lower-limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT); 175 with upper-limb DVT; 69 with splanchnic vein thrombosis; 142 with superficial vein thrombosis and 20 with retinal vein thrombosis. Mean values were: NLR 5.9 ± 7.1, PLR 190 ± 158 and SII 1459 ± 2028. During the first 90-days, 38 patients (0.8%) developed recurrent DVT, 45 (1.0%) had recurrent PE, 152 (3.4%) suffered major bleeding, and 484 (11%) died. On multivariable analysis, patients with NLR >4.41 were at an increased risk for major bleeding and patients with NLR >4.96 were at the risk of death, while those with SII >1134.5 were at increased risk for death.

Conclusions

This study reports the results of a large cohort to date which evaluate the prognostic value of three cellular indices simultaneously in patients with acute VTE. Results support that none of the three baseline cellular indices were sufficient for prediction of VTE recurrences in acute VTE patients. The patients with higher baseline NLR values were at an increased risk of major bleeding or death, those with high SII values were only at an increased risk for mortality.
Validating Embedded Validity Indicators of Feigned ADHD-Associated Cognitive Impairment Using the MOXO-d-CPT
Authors: Winter Daniella , Braw Yoram
Published: July 2022

Background:

The current study aimed to validate the utility of previously established validity indicators derived from MOXO-d-CPT’s continuous performance test.

Method:

Healthy simulators feigned impairment after searching online for relevant information, an ecologically valid coaching condition ( n = 39). They were compared to ADHD patients ( n = 36) and healthy controls ( n = 38).

Results:

Simulators performed significantly worse than ADHD patients in all MOXO-d-CPT indices, as well as a scale that integrates their contributions (feigned ADHD scale). Three indices (attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) and the latter scale exhibited adequate discriminative capacity. Higher education was associated with an exaggerated impairment among simulators, easing their detection.

Conclusion:

Similarity between the current study and a previous study which examned the utlity of the MOXO-d-CPT validity indicators, increases our confidence in the efficacy of the latters embedded validity indicators. Though the findings provide initial validation of these validity indicators, generalizing beyond highly functioning participants necessitates further research.
Parent-Assisted Social Skills Training for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: PEERS for Preschoolers
Authors: Park Mi N. , Moulton Emily E. , Laugeson Elizabeth A.
Published: July 2022

The establishment of reciprocal friendships is a challenge for many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social interaction difficulties emerge early, persist throughout development, and have widespread functional impact. As such, interventions focused on social functioning are needed in early intervention programs. This two-part study evaluated the outcomes of a parent-assisted social skills training (SST) program for young children with ASD. The intervention is a downward extension of the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS(R)), which is one of the few evidence-based SST programs for adolescents and young adults with ASD. Modifications included developmentally appropriate social skills, greater parent involvement, and behavioral strategies embedded in play-based activities. Results reveal improvements in parent ratings of social responsiveness, social cognition, and social motivation, as well as decreased (a) restricted/repetitive behaviors and interests and (b) problem behaviors. Results are promising and encourage further evaluation of this SST curriculum.
Intravitreal recombinant tPA before vitrectomy for diabetic tractional retinal detachment: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi , Anvari Pasha , Shad Esrafil , Dehghan Niri Mohammad Hasan , Sedaghat Ahad , Abdi Fatemeh , Parvaresh Mohammad Mehdi , Saeidian Behrouz , Gordiz Arzhang , Amirfarhangi Anbardan Abdollah
Published: July 2022

Purpose

To investigate the effect of intravitreal recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) injection before vitrectomy on surgical facility and outcome in diabetic tractional retinal detachments (TRD).

Methods

Prospective, randomized, interventional clinical trial. A total of 38 eyes with diabetic TRD were candidates for vitrectomy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive intravitreal rt-PA, five to seven days before vitrectomy or no injection. Intraoperative surgical facility and anatomic success at month 3 after surgery were assessed.

Results

Mean patient age was 54.2 ± 9.4 years. There was no statistically significant difference between rt-PA and no injection groups with regard to anatomic success (89% versus 95%, respectively, P = 0.547) and best corrected visual acuity at 3 months (2.0 versus 2.1 logMAR, respectively, P = 0.840). However, surgical facility score was statistically significantly lower in rt-PA injection group compared to no injection group (4.1 ± 1.7, 5.8 ± 2.0, respectively, P = 0.007).

Conclusions

Vitrectomy for TRD was easier after preoperative rt-PA injection, without affecting the anatomic and visual outcomes.
Growth Responses of Indonesian Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.) to Cadmium Stress
Authors: Jadid Nurul , Puspaningtyas Ira , Jannah Adillatul Lathiifatun , Safitri Chusnul Eka , Hutahuruk Vidya Hana Dameria
Published: July 2022

Cadmium (Cd) contamination is considered as one of the most important environmental and human health issues worldwide. The occurrence of Cd in air, water and soil is resulted from massive industrialization, uncontrolled agricultural system and anthropogenic activities in urban lives. The presence of Cd in soil threatens human health through food chain bioaccumulation, negatively affect soil quality and also reduce the productivity of agricultural crops. Foxtail millet ( Setaria italica L.) is an alternative cereal food that is highly tolerant to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. However, the mechanism underlying its response to the stress caused by heavy metals, such as Cd, remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of Cd stress on morpho-physiological responses of the foxtail millet accession Buru Merah, cultivated using the hydroponic method. To this end, four levels of Cd concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 µM in ABmix™ growth media) were applied for 4 weeks followed by morpho-physiological assessements, including plant height, root length, shoot and leaf number, panicle biomass measurements and chlorophyll content evaluation. Our results demonstrated that Cd stress perturbed the growth of foxtail millet on morpho-physiological parameters, particularly at the highest Cd concentration (1.5 µM). The negative effects of Cd stress included decrease in shoot length, root length, number of leaves and shoots, panicle biomass, and chlorophyll content. Furthermore, our findings showed that Cd stress affected the growth of foxtail millet in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, our findings might be useful for further development of strategies to increase plant tolerance to heavy metal stress and ensure sustainable food production. In addition, this study also demonstrated the importance of protecting nature from Cd contamination.
Children’s death and bereavement in antiquity. A psychological and anthropological analysis of the attachment relationships and coping with loss
Authors: Commodari Elena , La Rosa Valentina Lucia
Published: July 2022

Child death is a rare event, especially in industrialized countries. On the contrary, early deaths were frequent in ancient Rome, especially in the first years of life. For example, it was estimated that about 30–40 per cent of children died within the first year of life. For this reason, the low emotional involvement of the parents for their newborns and infants has been hypothesized. This commentary aims to discuss the psychological response to child death in antiquity, focusing on ancient Rome, by analyzing a marble epigraph conserved at the Louvre Museum: the epigraph of Iulia Florentina. Specifically, the idea of parents’ lack of emotional investment in children in antiquity is disproved by modern theories of psychology and psychoanalysis that highlight the universal nature of the attachment bond between child and caregiver. Further studies combining the historical–archaeological and psychological perspectives will help investigate this topic further.
Investigating the effectiveness of augmented reality-enhanced instruction on EFL learners’ speaking in online flipped and face-to-face classes
Authors: Khodabandeh Farzaneh
Published: July 2022

Integrating improved technologies such as augmented reality (AR) within flipped classes has gained popularity among scholars. This study was carried out to examine the effect of AR-based instruction on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ speaking skills in online flipped and face-to-face classes. To this end, out of 65 students who had enrolled in the designated language program, 50 students were selected by the researcher based on their performance on the Cambridge English Placement test, and the selected participants were randomly assigned into the face-to-face or online flipped groups. For the treatment, both groups received the same AR application, teaching material, and teaching strategies. The only difference between the two groups was the learning context. After the treatment sessions, both the online flipped and face-to-face groups participated in a post-test. According to the results, although all participants’ speaking ability improved at the end of the course, the online flipped group showed a statistically significant difference in their speaking post-test. The obtained results in this study could pave the way for teachers and students to benefit from implementing flipped classes using AR technology.
Modeling of gaseous emissions and soot in 3D-CFD in-cylinder simulations of spark-ignition engines: A methodology to correlate numerical results and experimental data
Authors: Berni Fabio , Mortellaro Fabio , Pessina Valentina , Paltrinieri Stefano , Pulvirenti Francesco , Rossi Vincenzo , Borghi Massimo , Fontanesi Stefano
Published: July 2022

In order to reduce development costs and time-to market, 1D and 3D CFD tools can support engine design providing reliable estimations of the tailpipe emissions. In particular, 3D-CFD in-cylinder simulations can evaluate formation of both soot and gaseous pollutants inside the combustion chamber. The main issue in such kind of simulations is the validation against experimental findings. In fact, the complexity of the emission measurements does not allow a straightforward one-to-one comparison between numerical and experimental results. Therefore the present paper aims at providing, on the one hand, a robust numerical framework for both gaseous and solid emissions, on the other hand a dedicated post-processing for a fair comparison between simulations and experiments. From a numerical standpoint, a simplified approach is dedicated to gaseous emissions, while a more detailed one is reserved to soot modeling. The latter is based on the Sectional Method, whose reaction rates are tabulated following 0D chemical kinetic simulations of a purposely designed surrogate in a constant pressure reactor. Simulations and experiments proposed in the present analysis are referred to a high-performance turbocharged direct-injection spark-ignition engine operated at part-load and low rpms. On equal performance, revving speed and mean mixture quality, different injection timings are investigated. The developed numerical approach and post-processing ensure a good agreement between simulations and experiments.
Numerical analysis of the combustion process of oxymethylene ethers as low-carbon fuels for compression ignition engines
Authors: García-Oliver José M , Novella Ricardo , Micó Carlos , De Leon-Ceriani Daiana
Published: July 2022

Mitigation of the carbon footprint of internal combustion engines is mandatory to ensure a future for this technology. Within this scope, e-fuels are considered a potential solution to replace conventional fossil fuels. However, in some cases, their physical and chemical properties are so different that its application in conventional engines is complex. For this reason, this work focuses on the study of oxymethylene ethers (OMEX) as a potential low-carbon fuel alternative. The aim is to improve the understanding of the combustion process of these e-fuels when they replace fossil Diesel in internal combustion engines under equivalent operating conditions. To achieve this objective, a computational fluid dynamics model of an optical compression ignition engine has been developed. The operating conditions chosen are representative of a medium load point of the engine, which coincide with experimental work previously done on this platform. n-Heptane was used as surrogate of fossil Diesel while OMEX was simulated as a simpler mixture of oxymethylene ether molecules. Results show remarkable differences between Diesel and OMEX. This fuel provides lower equivalence ratio fields. Thus, oxidation reactions are promoted in wider areas within the combustion chamber, leading to a faster combustion process. Besides, the soot formation is also drastically decreased in comparison to the other fuel. These results have been corroborated with experimental information.
Rethinking ‘marketing as applied economics’
Authors: Tadajewski Mark
Published: July 2022

This paper makes three intertwined arguments. Firstly, marketing is not simply an outgrowth of economics. Secondly, it is indebted to metaphysical, psychical and psychological research which provided the conditions of possibility for theorising marketplace interaction in our early history. Thirdly, marketing thinking has been and remains inflected by a position labelled ‘practical idealism’. It is a contrast to the ‘practical realism’ which also subtends our discipline. Adopting a genealogical approach, we explicate the threads of practical idealism weaved across Prentice Mulford, Thomson J. Hudson and A.F. Sheldon’s prominent works. Mulford provides the contours of the intellectual landscape. Hudson extends Mulford’s assumption grounds. Sheldon combines the articulations of Mulford, Hudson and studies in psychical research, outlining the viability of hypnosis and telepathy in sales practice. To distance itself from hypnosis and associations of manipulation, ‘suggestion’ was the epistemological-political replacement promoted by marketing theorists. Discursive transmutation was achieved through epistemological deviation. Epistemological deviation is conceptualised as the dismissal of and disengagement from a theoretical or hypothetical account without the consideration of appropriate evidence. W.D. Scott’s treatment of telepathy is an exemplar of epistemological deviation. It is a complete departure from the tenets of intellectual inquiry. What this means is that the promotion of psychology into marketing was accomplished – in part – by the abdication of critical reflection and not by its extension.
Corporate governance in today’s world: Looking back and an agenda for the future
Authors: Wiersema Margarethe , Koo Haeyoung
Published: July 2022

Corporate governance research has been driven by underlying assumptions and perspectives that are predominantly based on our understanding of US publicly listed companies and US capital market constituents with an emphasis on shareholder value maximization. Yet today, public companies face a changed governance landscape driven by the growth in passive funds, the dominance of the Big Three index funds, and the emergence of activist hedge funds. In addition, increasing investor emphasis on environmental, social, and governance matters has led to a shift away from shareholder primacy. While public companies face an altered governance context, scholars for the most part have not paid attention to the ramifications of these developments on corporate governance and strategic decision-making. We articulate the factors that have emerged and identify opportunities for future research that will lead to greater insight and a more comprehensive understanding of how the changed governance landscape is influencing managerial and board decision-making and firm outcomes.
Colour discrimination scores combining colour fidelity and gamut area characteristics
Authors: Hou D , Ni Y , Wang Y , Weirich C , Shen H , Lin Y
Published: July 2022

This paper investigated colour discrimination based on current available indexes, and predictors were proposed for global and targeted colour scenarios. Thirty participants conducted the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 hue test under 21 lighting conditions. The experiment results revealed that the distribution of total error score (TES) and adjusted total error score (TESadj) showed arc shapes centred on the optimal point (100, 100) in both Rf –Rg and colour rendering index–gamut area index coordinate systems. On this basis, global colour discrimination scores, CDS1 and CDS2, based on the colour fidelity and colour gamut characteristics, were proposed. The results demonstrated that both CDS1 ( r = 0.82, p < 0.001) and CDS2 ( r = 0.81, p < 0.001) provided good linear correlations with TES, and CDS1 ( r = 0.75, p < 0.001) and CDS2 ( r = 0.77, p < 0.001) also exhibited a good linear correlation with TESadj. Furthermore, the global colour gamut was divided into four local colour spaces (red–yellow, yellow–green, green–blue and blue–red), and the CDSs in the local gamut (CDSlocal and CDSadj,local) were constructed using the local colour properties, including Rcs,local, Rhs,local and Rf,local. The linear regression results demonstrated that CDSlocal ([Formula: see text]) and CDSadj,local ([Formula: see text]) can be effective colour discrimination predictors for the targeted colour scenarios.
Frequency, Form, and Function of Dyadic Questions in Children With Autism: A CHILDES Corpus Study
Authors: Luyster Rhiannon , Leiwant Isabella , Arunachalam Sudha
Published: July 2022

Children’s questions to their caregivers—and caregivers’ questions to their children—play an important role in child development. For children on the autism spectrum, who often experience cognitive, linguistic, and social difficulties, prior research on questions has resulted in inconsistent and incomplete findings. This study characterized the frequency, form, and function of queries posed by children on the autism spectrum ( n = 12), non-spectrum peers ( n = 20), and parents, using the Nadig ASD English Corpus in the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES). Results suggested that children on the autism spectrum and their caregivers produced fewer questions than non-spectrum dyads; however, whereas wh-questions were underrepresented in the repertoire of children on the spectrum, they were overrepresented in the repertoire of their parents. Finally, question function was similarly diverse for parents and children across groups. These findings offer important clinical implications for question-asking interventions targeting this population.
Prevention of Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Newly Multiple Myeloma Patients Using Nervonic Acid, Curcuma Rizoma, and L-Arginine Compound: A Pilot Study
Authors: Maschio Marta , Maialetti Andrea , Marchesi Francesco , Gumenyuk Svitlana , Pisani Francesco , Papa Elena , Galiè Edvina , Koudriavtseva Tatiana , Graziano Giuliana , Giannarelli Diana , Mengarelli Andrea
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

This is a phase II pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of a nutraceutical compound composed of nervonic acid, curcuma rizoma, and l-Arginine to prevent the onset of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) in 16 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with bortezomib (BTZ) over 6 months.

Materials and methods:

Assessments included neurological examination and electroneurography, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE), reduced version of Total Neuropathic Score (TNSr), pain evaluation, functional autonomy scales, self-perceived symptoms and quality of life questionnaires at baseline and after 6 months.

Results:

No patients were symptomatic at baseline, despite neurophysiological data and TNSr evidence of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in 11 of them. After 6 months, only 9 patients completed the study. All had modifications in neurological examination with 8 out of 9 showing neurophysiological data of PN (2 of which had a NCI-CTCAE grade of neurotoxicity ≥2); 4 patients dropped out due to BIPN, 2 because of MM progression, 1 for scarce compliance.

Discussion:

In our study, the compound was not adequate to prevent BIPN. The incidence of subclinical PN in MM patients is a risk factor for the development of severe neurotoxicity during BTZ treatment. For this reason to evaluate the efficacy of any preventive compound, as well as to manage MM patients, it should be mandatory to include neurophysiological study as a standard procedure.
The trend and characteristics of China studies published in SSCI public administration journals: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wang Daan , Hsieh Chih-Wei
Published: July 2022

Scholars of China studies have been keen to publish in SSCI journals since mainland Chinese universities started to embrace international academic standards in the early 1990s. The widespread assumption is that publishing in SSCI journals contributes to not only the promising career of an individual scholar but also knowledge accumulation and development in the Chinese public administration field. However, it remains unanswered concerning which topic of China studies is more likely to arouse interest from journal editors and reviewers. As SSCI publications become increasingly desirable yet challenging for Chinese scholars, this study attempts to offer recommendations by exploring the trend and characteristics of China studies published in SSCI public administration journals, which are included in the Web of Science (WoS) database.

This study uses bibliometric analysis to conduct a systematic review on 584 articles of China studies published in 47 SSCI public administration journals. It aims to generate various quantitative results, including journal ranking, title and keywords co-occurrences network, citation analysis, co-citation network, co-authorship network, bibliographic coupling network, and so on. In this way, this paper will reveal the latest trend and characteristics of China studies published in SSCI public administration journals. Consequently, it will help scholars enhance the quality and quantity of China studies, advance their chances of success in SSCI public administration journals, and broaden and deepen their contribution to the global academic community.
Deficiency in Re-Orienting of Attention in Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Gumenyuk Valentina , Korzyukov Oleg , Tapaskar Natalie , Wagner Michael , Larson Charles R , Hammer Michael J.
Published: July 2022

Objective: To characterize potential brain indexes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Methods: In an effort to develop objective, laboratory-based tests that can help to establish ADHD diagnosis, the brain indexes of distractibility was investigated in a group of adults. We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and performance measures in a forced-choice visual task. Results: Behaviorally aberrant distractibility in the ADHD group was significantly higher. Across three ERP components of distraction: N1 enhancement, P300 (P3a), and Reorienting Negativity (RON) the significant difference between ADHD and matched controls was found in the amplitude of the RON. We used non-parametric randomization tests, enabling us to statistically validated this difference between-group. Conclusions: Our main results of this feasibility study suggest that among other ERP components associated with auditory distraction, the RON response is promising index for a potential biomarker of deficient re-orienting of attention in adults s with ADHD.
Bioinformatics-Based Approach for Exploring the Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns in Alzheimer’s Disease and Determining the Intervention Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pill
Authors: Zhao Chenling , Jiang Zhangsheng , Tian Liwei , Tang Lulu , Zhou An , Dong Ting
Published: July 2022

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds have recently garnered attention for the regulation of immune cell infiltration and the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Liuwei Dihuang Pill (LDP) has potential in this regard; however, its specific molecular mechanism currently remains unclear. Therefore, we adopted a bioinformatics approach to investigate the infiltration patterns of different types of immune cells in AD and explored the molecular mechanism of LDP intervention, with the aim of providing a new basis for improving the clinical immunotherapy of AD patients. We found that M1 macrophages showed significantly different degrees of infiltration between the hippocampal tissue samples of AD patients and healthy individuals. Four immune intersection targets of LDP in the treatment of AD were identified; they were enriched in 206 biological functions and 30 signaling pathways. Quercetin had the best docking effect with the core immune target PRKCB. Our findings suggest that infiltrated immune cells may influence the course of AD and that LDP can regulate immune cell infiltration through multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway approaches, providing a new research direction regarding AD immunotherapy.
CSF-venous leak responsible for spontaneous intracranial hypotension treated by endovascular venous route: First cases in Italy
Authors: Bergui Mauro , Mistretta Francesco , Bosco Giovanni , Cester Giacomo , Chioffi Franco , Gambino Andrea , Molinaro Stefano , Russo Riccardo , Sorarù Gianni , Causin Francesco
Published: July 2022

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is due to a leakage of CSF lowering the pressure of subarachnoid space, mostly caused by a dural breach or discogenic microspur. Clinical and MRI are usually typical enough to allow diagnosis, while finding the location of the dural breach is challenging. Since some years, CSF venous fistulas have been described as the cause of SIH, and a specific diagnostic and therapeutic path has been proposed. Here we report the first two successfully treated patients in Italy. Both had chronic and non specific symptoms, with severe reduction of quality of life; clinical symptoms improved after endovascular occlusion of the responsible vein.
Exploration of knowledge, attitudes, and perceived benefits towards nurse managers’ participation in the health policy-making process: a qualitative thematic analysis study
Authors: Hajizadeh Alireza , Zamanzadeh Vahid , Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim
Published: July 2022

Background

Participation of nurse managers in policy-making could help policy-makers to propose relevant and effective policies and support other policy actors involved with these processes.

Objective

This study aimed at exploring the attitudes and perceived benefits of nurse managers’ participation in the health policy-making process.

Methods

In this descriptive qualitative research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 nurse managers, government officials, and faculty members. Recruitment was based on purposive sampling from different regions across Iran. A thematic analysis was performed in MAXQDA (version 2012).

Results

After analysis of the qualitative data, four themes and 13 sub-themes emerged. The themes were feelings about nurse managers’ participation, advantages of nurse managers’ participation, problems due to the non-participation of nurse managers, and recommendations for improvement of the policy-making process.

Conclusion

The outcomes provided new insights into the perceived benefits of and attitudes towards nurse managers’ participation in health policy making in the Iranian setting. It is crucial to strengthen the capacity for nurse managers' participation in health policy making to develop effective healthcare policies.
Embedded NP error in German object relative clause comprehension: A case for a universal developmental pathway
Authors: Edeleva Julia
Published: July 2022

We report the results of an eye-tracking study investigating German children’s comprehension of subject relative clauses (SRC) and object relative clauses (ORC) with morphologically unambiguous head and embedded noun phrases (NPs). The experimental paradigm was adopted from Adani and Fritzsche. Children’s eye movements were tracked on the visual display while they were listening to an SRC or an ORC. Subsequently, they had to choose the most appropriate visual character on the screen to go with a particular relative clause type in a character selection paradigm. All the head NP and the embedded NPs were of masculine gender. Thus, the relative clause syntax was disambiguated by the ending on the relative pronoun and, subsequently, on the determiner in the embedded NP. We computed fixation probabilities towards the syntactic competitor and the embedded NP character in addition to the proportions of looks towards the target character on the screen. Thematic reversal error remained the dominant error type on children’s response accuracy data. The subject advantage was also confirmed on the eye-tracking data, though it was overridden in the post-relative clause time window. However, there was a significant increase in fixation probabilities towards the embedded NP character in the ORC, but not in the SRC condition. While children were less efficient to use the morphological information on the relative pronoun to generate an expectation of a non-canonical ORC structure, they obviously used embedded NP morphology later in the sentence to update their ongoing structural analysis.
Incidence of venous thromboembolism in advanced lung cancer and efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants: a multicenter, prospective, observational study (Rising-VTE/NEJ037 study)
Authors: Tsubata Yukari , Hotta Takamasa , Hamai Kosuke , Furuya Naoki , Yokoyama Toshihide , Saito Ryota , Nakamura Atsushi , Masuda Takeshi , Hamaguchi Megumi , Kuyama Shoichi , Honda Ryoichi , Senoo Tadashi , Nakanishi Masamoto , Yamasaki Masahiro , Ishikawa Nobuhisa , Fujitaka Kazunori , Kubota Tetsuya , Ohtsu Hiroshi , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Isobe Takeshi
Published: July 2022

Background:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a well-known type of cancer-associated thrombosis and a common complication of malignancy. However, the incidence of VTE associated with lung cancer and the effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the incidence of VTE associated with lung cancer at the time of diagnosis or during treatment, the efficacy and safety of edoxaban, and associated risk factors.

Methods:

The Rising-VTE/NEJ037 study was a multicenter prospective observational study. Altogether, 1021 patients with lung cancer who were unsuitable for radical resection or radiation were enrolled and followed up for 2 years. Patients with VTE at the time of lung cancer diagnosis started treatment with edoxaban. The primary endpoint of this trial was the rate of newly diagnosed VTE after enrollment or recurrence rate 6 months after treatment initiation.

Results:

Data were available for 1008 patients. The median age was 70 years (range: 30–94 years), and 70.8% were men. Sixty-two patients had VTE at the time of lung cancer diagnosis, and 38 (9.9%) developed VTE at follow-up. No cases of VTE recurrence were recorded 6 months after treatment initiation with edoxaban. Major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding events occurred in 4.9% of patients and increased to 22.7% in the edoxaban treatment group.

Conclusions:

VTE occurrence should be monitored during lung cancer treatment. Although treatment with edoxaban was highly effective in preventing VTE recurrence, its administration should be cautiously considered because of the high bleeding rate.

Trial registration:

jRCTs061180025.