bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF DISCRIMINATION IN THE WORKPLACE ON TURNOVER RATE
Authors: Teh Yein Sheng Jeremiah , Ko Yuan Hui , Ooi Pei Wen Lianna , Cheong Jia Qi
Published: December 2022

Discrimination has been identified as a significant risk factor for employee turnover and organizational performance. Discriminatory encounters may behave similarly to other pressures in that they trigger physiological responses that accelerate turnover. The purpose of this conceptual literature review is to summarize the past studies on discrimination and turnover rate and to analyze the impact of workplace discrimination on job satisfaction and turnover intentions. This paper used to systematically examine English-only research retrieved from the Emerald, Science Direct, and Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) databases. This study found that both females and males experienced gender discrimination in the workplace. The lower the workplace discrimination the lower turnover rate in an organization. This study points out limitations in the available evidence and makes recommendations for future research into the relationship between discrimination and turnover rate.
Authors: Yaumaidzinnaimah Yuma , Hadianti Sri , Nurfalah Ridan , Mayangky Nissa Almira , Merlina Nita
Published: December 2022

Payroll is one of the important activities in a company, to facilitate and produce accurate data, we need a system that can help the implementation process. PT. Pandawa Ekadharma Ekspres has not fully utilized the existence of information technology in assisting employee payroll activities. The use of manual systems in company activities can hinder the flow of data processing for various required information. The purpose of this research is to produce a desktop-based system using the open source Netbeans IDE 8.1 with the Java programming language that can be utilized by PT. Pandavas Ekadharma Express. In its design activities, this payroll information system uses the Waterfall method and uses UML (Unifield Modeling Language), LRS (Logical Record Structured) and ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram) diagrams in the design analysis process. The results obtained from writing this thesis is a desktop-based system with the capabilities possessed in recording, managing and generating data in the form of information which is expected to be able to assist the decision-making process and resolve various problems and obstacles faced by PT. Pandawa Ekadharma Ekspress in their payroll activities.
Where Are We Now in Our Sustainability Journey?
Authors: Peterson Mark
Published: December 2022

Despite notable gains in the movement to bring sustainability into the mainstream of marketing and business, much more needs to be done. This essay explains why sustainability is not mainstream, yet, and what it would take to move sustainability to the mainstream. Importantly, each sector of society (business, government, and education) need to be smarter about how each contributes to developing a sustainable society. Sustainable marketing scholars can play an important role in moving sustainability to the mainstream now and in the future
Cibersegurança em Serviços: Um Estudo Bibliométrico
Authors: Ferreira Andre Lozano , Marton Fabio , Perez Gilberto
Published: December 2022

A economia digital se fundamenta nas tecnologias modernas. A disponibilidade de serviços da web está mudando a forma como os humanos dependem de dados e recursos de computação em geral. Um esforço adicional para a garantia da segurança e da privacidade em serviços está surgindo. Assim, o problema da pesquisa é identificar a literatura que envolve a cibersegurança em serviços. Utilizou-se a bibliometria para análise, com um modelo predominantemente qualitativo, com uso das bases Scopus e Web of Science. O estudo apresenta os principais fatores relacionados à cibersegurança em serviços e as necessidades de ações em todas as frentes, incluindo o setor financeiro, serviços digitais, saúde, cibersegurança, serviços essenciais e stakeholders.
Tomada de decisões baseada no parâmetro b da Teoria da Resposta ao Item nas classificações de ensemble
Authors: Leite Filho Paulo Fernando , Melo Silvio Barros
Published: December 2022

A tomada de decisões baseada no auxílio de sistemas informatizados é uma tarefa complexa e alvo de muitos ajustes para evitar erros de classificações. Avaliar as classificações pelos acertos dos algoritmos e associar estes acertos com o parâmetro da Dificuldade (b) da Teoria da Resposta ao Item - TRI em concordância com a estatística de Kappa proporciona uma maior segurança ao usuário de sistemas informatizados. Nesta avaliação entre os grupos de undersample e oversample foi possível selecionar grupos específicos de algoritmos de cluster baseados no intervalo de confiança de 5% e intensidade de concordância maiores que 0,9968 identificando concordância Perfeita (0,48%) nos grupos de SMOTE.
Frequentism
Authors: van der Vaart Aad
Published: December 2022

Discussion of “Four types of frequentism and their interplay with Bayesianism” by Jim Berger.
Çok Alanlı Sanat Eğitimi Yönteminin (ÇASEY) 5. Sınıf Öğrencilerin Sanatsal Yaratıcılıklarına Etkisi
Authors: ULUS Hüseyin , ŞEKER Çınla
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 5. Sınıf Görsel Sanatlar dersinde bir öğretim yöntemi olarak Çok Alanlı Sanat Eğitimi’nden yararlanılmasının öğrencilerin sanatsal yaratıcılıklarına etkisini incelemektir. Buradan hareketle çalışmada, yarı deneysel araştırma yöntemlerinden “Eşleştirilmiş Kontrol Gruplu Desen” modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Çanakkale il merkezinde yer alan Ömer Mart Ortaokulu’nda öğrenimine devam eden 57 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerden 30’u kız 27’si erkektir. Araştırmanın uygulama sürecinde deney grubu olarak atanan 5-B şubesine Çok Alanlı Sanat Eğitimi Yöntemi, kontrol grubu olarak atanan 5-C şubesine ise geleneksel öğretim yöntemleri doğrultusunda ders aktarımı yapılmıştır. Bu işlem toplamda altı hafta sürmüştür. Uygulama sonrasında aynı ölçek sontest olarak verilmiş ve meydana gelen farklılaşma incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen veriler SPSS 23 Paket Programı’na kodlanmış ve analiz işlemlerinde parametrik testlerden Repeated Measures Anova Testi’nden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda sanatsal yaratıcılık testi genelinde ve tüm alt boyutlarında Çok Alanlı Sanat Eğitimi Yöntemi’nin uygulandığı deney grubu öğrencileri lehine artış görülmüştür. Ancak cinsiyet değişkeni incelendiğinde, yalnızca Modelden Resim alt boyutunda deney grubu erkek öğrencileri lehine anlamlı farklılaşma gözlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara dayalı olarak Çok Alanlı Sanat Eğitimi Yöntemi’nin öğrencilerin sanatsal yaratıcılıklarını artırmada geleneksel öğretim yöntemlerine göre daha etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Symbolism in Russian Painting of the Early 20th Century: the Vitality of Plastic Expressiveness
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Voskresenskaya V.V.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article is to reveal the understanding of vitality as the intensity of innovative plastic expressiveness in Russian painting of the early 20th century. It was in that period, since the turn of the 20th century, that the means of artistic expression and the tasks of art were changing fundamentally, which had a great impact on the future development of art. This study, based on the relevant theoretical and methodological perspective of the material already explored, allows identifying the conceptual aspects of Russian artistic culture of the indicated period and outline further area of scientific research. The author proceeds from the belief that vitality is an innovative vital capacity of art that is expressed in the strain of the artist’s creative energy embodied in the plastic expressiveness of the work. The appeal of a number of Russian painters of the early 20th century in line with symbolism to the innovative aspects of the plastic thinking and the consistent fixation of plastic innovations reveal this provision, demonstrating the uniqueness of Russian art in the world artistic culture of the epoch. In this context, it is important to foreground both the recognized achievements of such masters as M. Vrubel or V. BorisovMusatov and the early period of creativity of N. Roerich, K. Bogaevsky, p. Kuznetsov, M. Saryan or K. Malevich. The research problem determines a complex approach, which involves the combination of historical, cultural, chronological, and comparative methods and the formal-stylistic analysis. One of the most important results of the study is the identification of the significance of vitality as innovative plastic expressiveness for the evolution of art of the Modern times.
“By the Grace of God” and “With Common Funds”: Iconographic Program and Style of Two Icons Commissioned by Kaluga Merchant M.A. Makarov
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Golubev V.A.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to two unique icons commissioned by the Kaluga merchant Mikhail Makarov to commemorate the water pipe with a fountain built with his efforts in Kaluga. The first icon was executed in 1829 and solemnly installed in the City Duma of Kaluga. In 1837, M. Makarov ordered to paint its copy, which was kept in the family of his descendants until 1937. Unfortunately, only the last icon has survived and is now reposited in the State Museum of the History of Religion (St. Petersburg). The iconographic analysis and historical evidence of veneration of the lost original allow establishing the intent of the customer. The composition of the icons has no direct protographs, although some icon pieces influenced its formation (for example, Marian iconography of “Joy of all Who Sorrow” and “The Life-Giving Spring”). The non-typical iconographic idea of the customer forced the icon painter to resort to a set of artistic means unusual for icon painting. On the one hand, the masterpiece demonstrates the traditional methods of Kaluga icon painting of the late Nicholas I Empire era, but on the other hand, the influence of the provincial pictorial primitive is clearly noticeable. The icon executed by the merchant Makarov’s order in 1837 is a unique artwork in terms of its iconographic program and artistic performance. Due to the reliable date of creation and the confirmed Kaluga origin, the icon from the State Museum of the History of Religion occupies an important place in the history of Kaluga icon painting.
“The Beauty of Everyday Things”: Exhibitions in Establishing a New Aesthetics of the Architectural and Spatial Environment in Sweden
Authors:   Russian Academy of Architecture and Building Sciences (RAABS), Ptichnikova G.A. ,   The Research Institute of Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the role of decorative art and architecture exhibitions that took place in Sweden during 1914–1930 in the creation of the Swedish ideology of “design of everyday things” and the establishment of functionalism as the dominant style in modernization of the architectural and spatial environment and, in general, a new way of life. The author of the article carefully traces the history of art and industrial exhibitions in Sweden and analyses their significance. Particular attention is paid to the activities of the Swedish Society of Crafts and Design, as well as to the work of architects E.G Asplund and S. Lewerentz, who organized the Stockholm Exhibition in 1930. An important socio-cultural result of the study is the statement that holding regular exhibitions was one of the main means of educating Swedish society and introducing all of its social classes to the principles of the design approach to making home and building the subject-spatial environment of the surrounding world.
The impact of COVID-19 on liquidity management in small and medium-sized trade businesses
Authors: Stanić Milan , Cita Melita , Prša Darija
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to examine empirically the relationship between liquidity management and profitability of Croatian small and medium enterprises in trade and to provide empirical evidence of the effects of liquidity management on the level of profitability during the COVID-19 crisis. Methodology: The analysis began with descriptive statistics, where the authors observed the following variables: ROA, current liquidity, accelerated liquidity, immediate liquidity and employment. The collected data analyzed descriptive statistics and compared the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The authors made six regression models and performed regression diagnostics for all models. The problem of heteroscedasticity examined the Breusch-Pagan test, the normality of relation errors examined the Jarque-Bera test, while multi-collinearity examined the variance inflation factor (VIF). Results: All six models confirmed a statistically significant and positive impact of liquidity on the level of profitability in both years, which means that the increase in liquidity will result in an increase in the level of profitability of the observed companies. Control variables of company size and trade category did not prove statistically significant. Conclusion: Scientific contribution is the development of a model for the analysis of the impact of liquidity on the profitability for small and medium enterprises in trade. The model is also applicable to similar transition and post-transition economies, especially to those in the region that have similar economic development as it will help economic policy makers and corporate managers understand the importance of the impact of liquidity on profitability levels.
FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KETEPATAN WAKTU PENYAMPAIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN SUMBA BARAT
Authors: Cornelis Tagu Bore  , Ni Luh Putu Sri Purnama Pradnyani  , Putu Aristya Adi Wasita
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze factors affecting timeliness of financial reporting submission in West Sumba Regency. It is a quantitative research using primary data collected from questionnaires. The sample was determined by purposive sampling technique and obtained 50 respondents. The data analysis uses multiple linear regression with the help of software SPPSS version 26.The research showed that human resources competences, the implementation of government accounting standards, inter-governmental control systems and the utilization if information technology had positive effect on the delivery timeliness of financial reporting submission in West Sumba Regency
A global climatology of ice-nucleating particles under cirrus conditions derived from model simulations with MADE3 in EMAC
Authors: Beer Christof G. , Hendricks Johannes , Righi Mattia
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols can act as ice-nucleating particles (INPs), thereby influencing the formation and the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds, resulting in distinct climate effects. In addition to mineral dust and soot particles, laboratory experiments suggest crystalline ammonium sulfate and glassy organic particles as effective INPs in the cirrus regime. However, the impact of these new particle types at the global scale is still highly uncertain. Here, we present and analyse a global climatology of INPs derived from model simulations performed with a global aerosol–climate model coupled to a two-moment cloud microphysical scheme and a parametrization for aerosol-induced ice formation in cirrus clouds. This global INP climatology comprises mineral dust and soot particles as well as crystalline ammonium sulfate and glassy organics, including a simplified formulation of the particle phase state for the latter. By coupling the different INP types to the microphysical cirrus cloud scheme, their ice nucleation potential under cirrus conditions is analysed, considering possible competition mechanisms between different INPs. The simulated INP concentrations in the range of about 1 to 100 L−1 agree well with in situ observations and other global model studies. We show that INP concentrations of glassy organics and crystalline ammonium sulfate are strongly related to the ambient conditions which often inhibit the glassy or crystalline phase respectively. Our model results suggest that glassy organic particles probably only have a minor influence, as INP concentrations are mostly low in the cirrus regime. On the other hand, crystalline ammonium sulfate often shows large INP concentrations, has the potential to influence ice nucleation in cirrus clouds, and should be taken into account in future model applications.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of suspended sediment concentrations in coastal waters of the South China Sea, off Sarawak, Borneo: ocean colour remote sensing observations and analysis
Authors: Choo Jenny , Cherukuru Nagur , Lehmann Eric , Paget Matt , Mujahid Aazani , Martin Patrick , Müller Moritz
Published: December 2022

Abstract. High-quality ocean colour observations are increasingly accessible to support various monitoring and research activities for water quality
measurements. In this paper, we present a newly developed regional total suspended solids (TSSs) empirical model using MODIS Aqua's Rrs(530) and
Rrs(666) reflectance bands to investigate the spatial and temporal variation in TSS dynamics along the southwest coast of Sarawak, Borneo, with the
application of the Open Data Cube (ODC) platform. The performance of this TSS retrieval model was evaluated using error metrics (bias = 1.0,
MAE = 1.47, and RMSE = 0.22, in milligrams per litre) with a log10 transformation prior to calculation as well as using a k-fold cross-validation technique. The
temporally averaged map of the TSS distribution, using daily MODIS Aqua satellite datasets from 2003 until 2019, revealed that large TSS plumes were detected –
particularly in the Lupar and Rajang coastal areas – on a yearly basis. The average TSS concentration in these coastal waters was in the range of
15–20 mg L−1. Moreover, the spatial map of the TSS coefficient of variation (CV) indicated strong TSS variability (approximately 90 %)
in the Samunsam–Sematan coastal areas, which could potentially impact nearby coral reef habitats in this region. Study of the temporal TSS variation
provides further evidence that monsoonal patterns drive the TSS release in these tropical water systems, with distinct and widespread TSS plume
variations observed between the northeast and southwest monsoon periods. A map of relative TSS distribution anomalies revealed strong spatial TSS
variations in the Samunsam–Sematan coastal areas, while 2010 recorded a major increase (approximately 100 %) and widespread TSS distribution
with respect to the long-term mean. Furthermore, study of the contribution of river discharge to the TSS distribution showed a weak correlation
across time at both the Lupar and Rajang river mouth points. The variability in the TSS distribution across coastal river points was studied by
investigating the variation in the TSS pixels at three transect points, stretching from the river mouth into territorial and open-water zones, for eight
main rivers. The results showed a progressively decreasing pattern of nearly 50 % in relation to the distance from shore, with exceptions in the
northeast regions of the study area. Essentially, our findings demonstrate that the TSS levels on the southwest coast of Sarawak are within local
water quality standards, promoting various marine and socio-economic activities. This study presents the first observation of TSS distributions in
Sarawak coastal systems with the application of remote sensing technologies and aims at enhancing coastal sediment management strategies for the sustainable
use of coastal waters and their resources.
Potential for bias in effective climate sensitivity from state-dependent energetic imbalance
Authors: Sanderson Benjamin M. , Rugenstein Maria
Published: December 2022

Abstract. To estimate equilibrium climate sensitivity from a simulation where a step change in carbon dioxide concentrations is imposed, a common approach is to linearly extrapolate temperatures as a function of top-of-atmosphere energetic imbalance to estimate the equilibrium state (“effective climate sensitivity”). In this study, we find that this estimate may be biased in some models due to state-dependent energetic leaks. Using an ensemble of multi-millennial simulations of climate model response to a constant forcing, we estimate equilibrium climate sensitivity through Bayesian calibration of simple climate models which allow for responses from subdecadal to multi-millennial timescales. Results suggest potential biases in effective climate sensitivity in the case of particular models where radiative tendencies imply energetic imbalances which differ between pre-industrial and quadrupled CO2 states, whereas for other models even multi-thousand-year experiments are insufficient to predict the equilibrium state. These biases draw into question the utility of effective climate sensitivity as a metric of warming response to greenhouse gases and underline the requirement for operational climate sensitivity experiments on millennial timescales to better understand committed warming following a stabilization of greenhouse gases.
A combined approach of experimental and numerical modeling for 3D hydraulic features of a step-pool unit
Authors: Zhang Chendi , Xu Yuncheng , Hassan Marwan A. , Xu Mengzhen , He Pukang
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Step-pool systems are common bedforms in mountain streams and have been utilized in river restoration projects around the world. Step-pool units
exhibit highly nonuniform hydraulic characteristics which have been reported to closely interact with the morphological evolution and stability of
step-pool features. However, detailed information on the three-dimensional hydraulics for step-pool morphology has been scarce due to the difficulty
of measurement. To fill in this knowledge gap, we established a combined approach based on the technologies of structure from motion (SfM) and
computational fluid dynamics (CFD). 3D reconstructions of bed surfaces with an artificial step-pool unit built from natural stones at six flow rates
were imported to CFD simulations. The combined approach succeeded in visualizing the high-resolution 3D flow structures for the step-pool unit. The
results illustrate the segmentation of flow velocity downstream of the step, i.e., the integral recirculation cell at the water surface, streamwise
vortices formed at the step toe, and high-speed flow in between. The highly nonuniform distribution of turbulence energy in the pool has been
revealed, and two energy dissipaters of comparable magnitude are found to co-exist in the pool. Pool scour development during flow increase leads to
the expansion of recirculation cells in the pool, but this expansion stops for the cell near the water surface when flow approaches the critical
value for step-pool failure. The micro-bedforms (grain clusters) developed on the negative slope affect the local hydraulics significantly, but this
influence is suppressed at the pool bottom. The drag forces on the step stones increase with discharge (before the highest flow value is
reached). In comparison, the lift force consistently has a larger magnitude and a more widely varying range. Our results highlight the feasibility and great
potential of the approach combining physical and numerical modeling in investigating the complex flow characteristics of step-pool morphology.
Thirteen Days: A Political Reading
Authors: Oylumlu İkbal Sinemden
Published: December 2022

Thirteen Days is a historical political thriller, reflecting John F. Kennedy's leadership characteristics and the decision-making process during the Cuban Missile Crisis, close to reality. The study explains the connection between fictional and real and the decision-making process through the similarities and differences between film scenes and real images. In this sense, it examines John F. Kennedy's decision-making process and leadership structure using both international relations theories and film review methods. The film has been created with a historical perspective, the character traits, crisis and resolution processes of the American president and his small group members, as well as the actors in the Soviet bloc. In addition, evaluating the attitudes and approaches of the Kennedy government and Kennedy's leadership structure are clearly reflected to the audience in the film. This study contributes to the understanding of international relations by explaining Small Thinking Decision and Rational Actor Model theories with the cooperation of the field of international relations and cinema. The sum up, to compare of film scenes and real elements is also important in terms of editing the parts that appear as black-boxes during the crisis and interpreting them close to reality.
De palimpsestos y otros usufructos en el paisaje lingüístico: intervenciones sobre mensajes previos
Authors: Hipperdinger Yolanda
Published: December 2022

El objetivo central de este artículo es proponer una categoría única para dar cuenta de una clase de actuación en el espacio público urbano frecuente, pero académicamente desatendida: las intervenciones operadas sobre mensajes previos, que les son usufructuarias. Ya ha sido propuesta la categoría de “signos parásitos” para referirse a anuncios y otros textos ubicados en espacios que no les fueron destinados de modo específico; proponemos emplear la misma metáfora ahora para casos de “doble parasitismo”: las intervenciones que nos interesan no solo se valen de soportes de otros mensajes, sino también de esos mismos mensajes, para construir y exhibir los propios. Discutimos la especificidad de este tipo de actuación, en comparación con otras previamente distinguidas en los estudios sobre paisaje lingüístico, y proponemos una clasificación de sus tipos recurrentes de manifestación.
Damage to deoxyribonucleic acid - DNA and its influence on ethanol production in industrial lines of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in relation to fermentative cycles
Authors: Mascarenhas Maria do Socorro , Mueller Larissa Pires , Batistote Margareth , Cardoso Claudia Andrea Lima
Published: December 2022

In industrial processes, more robust and tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains are needed, as stress conditions can affect these microorganisms and cause cellular changes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic and physiological effect of fermentation cycles in industrial strains of S. cerevisiae. A pre-inoculum was performed by inoculating 0.10 g of Pedra-2, FT858 and Fleischmann yeasts in YPD 2% liquid medium and incubated at 30°C for 10 hours at 250 rpm. The cells were recovered and the biomass obtained was inoculated in sugarcane juice with 22°Brix at a temperature of 30°C at 250 rpm for 10 hours being conducted with cell recycling. Aliquots were taken at each cycle for genotoxicity analysis by the comet test and physiological stress by ethanol quantification. THE yeast Fleischmann showed lower tolerance to the fermentation cycle, showing greater damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The ethanol productivity of the Fleischman strain, in the first fermentation cycle, was similar to the Pedra-2 and FT858 yeasts. However, during the cycles, there was a reduction in the content of this metabolite.
HAKIKAT TUJUAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Authors: Musyaffa' Mokhamad Ali , Haris Abd
Published: December 2022

Pendidikan sebagai upaya untuk membangun sumber daya manusia memerlukan wawasan yang sangat luas. karena pendidikan menyangkut seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia baik dalam pemikiran maupun dalam pengalamannya. Oleh karena itu, pembahasan pendidikan tidak cukup berdasarkan pengalaman saja, melainkan dibutuhkan suatu pemikiran yang luas dan mendalam. Salah satunya adalah Imam Al-Ghazali merupakan seorang pemikir besar, sufi dan praktisi pendidikan di dunia Islam. Dalam kajian ini akan dijelaskan tentang hakikat tujuan pendidikan Islam menurut Imam Al-Ghazali. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literatur dengan mengkaji tentang hakikat tujuan pendidikan Islam Perspektif Imam Al-Ghazali. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; taqarrub (mendekatkan diri) kepada Allah adalah tujuan pendidikan Islam yang terpenting. Menguasai ilmu bagi Imam Al-Ghazali adalah sebagai media untuk taqarrub kepada Allah dimana tak satupun bisa sampai kepadanya tanpa ilmu.
BAHASA PERADABAN DAN KEBANGSAAN DALAM PEMIKIRAN KHAWARIJ
Authors: Suryani Khotimah
Published: December 2022

Firqah dalam Islam muncul dan tumbuh setelah wafatnya Nabi SAW melalui sebab-sebab politik seputar perebutan khilafah. Perseteruan (fitnah) umat Islam muncul di permukaan usai terbunuhnya Khalifah Utsman bin Affan, lalu semakin meruncing usai terbunuhnya Khalifah Ali bin Abi Thalib. Munculnya kelompok Khawarij memiliki peran yang besar dalam tindakan ekstrem dan kekerasan di dunia Islam. Khawarij sendiri secara genealogis terbagi menjadi beberapa sekte, antara satu sekte dengan sekte lainnya memiliki perbedaan pemikiran dan pandangan keagamaan. Dengan mencermati problematika firqah tersebut maka tulisan ini akan merumuskan kajian mengenai: (1) bagaimana pengertian Khawarij; (2) bagaimana seruan Khawarij dalam amar ma’ruf-nahi munkar; (3) bagaimana perkembangan Khawarij di dunia Islam; serta (4) apakah kaum Khawarij wujudnya masih eksis hingga hari ini. Untuk mendapatkan jawaban dari beberapa masalah di atas, tulisan ini disajikan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitik. Penyajian data dilakukan secara deskriptif lalu dilakukan analisis, kemudian diakhiri dengan penyimpulan.Kajian ini menghasilkan simpulan-simpulan antara lain: Peradaban yang telah dibangun umat Islam telah mengalami banyak liku-liku, ketidakpuasan manusia yang telah merasuki umat membuat terjadinya pergolakan-pergolakan dalam perjalanan peradaban tersebut. Kegagalan di perang Shiffin telah menimbulkan akibat yang sangat buruk di tentara Khalifah Ali bin Abi Thalib. Ada sebagian mereka melepaskan diri dari tentara Khalifah Ali dan berbalik memberontak untuk memerangi Khalifah Ali dan Muawiyah. Golongan ini dinamakan Khawarij.
DISPENSASI UMUR PERKAWINAN SETELAH BERLAKUNYA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 16 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 01 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG PERKAWINAN
Authors: Rohman M. Syaifur , Sholihan Sholihan , Muwahid Muwahid
Published: December 2022

Marriage dispensation is regulated in Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. with considerations and reasons for not meeting the requirements for the age of marriage as determined by the applicable laws and regulations. This study aims to fulfill the general provisions regarding marriage according to Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage, and want to know how the implementation of the provision of marriage dispensation based on the provisions of Article 7 paragraph (2) of Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage. From the main results of the research, it can be concluded that Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage adheres to the principle that a prospective husband and wife must have enough body and soul so that there is a regulation on the marriage age limit for men or women who must be 19 years old. The granting of a marriage dispensation for a prospective husband or wife who has not reached the age limit for marriage can be submitted by the parents (guardians) of the prospective husband or wife to the Religious Court in the applicant's jurisdiction. The dispensation application can be granted by the judge if there is a reason that the relationship between the prospective husband and the prospective wife does not deviate from the religious norms they adhere to.
Asas-asas dan Norma-norma Hukum Administrasi Negara Dalam Pembuatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan, Peraturan Kebijakan dan Keputusan
Authors: Taufiqurrahman Faishal
Published: December 2022

Dalam membuat suatu peraturan, khususnya peraturan yang dibuat oleh Pejabat Tata Usaha Negara, seringkali terdapat kesalahan dalam pembuatannya. Hal ini disebabkan ketidaktahuan dan kurangnya pengetahuan Pejabat Tata Usaha Negara dalam membuat suatu kebijakan berdasarkan wewenang jabatan yang melekat kepadanya. Padahal antara peraturan yang satu dengan peraturan yang lainnya terdapat perbedaan, baik itu dari segi fungsi maupun peruntukannya. Penelitian ini tergolong pada jenis penelitian hukum normatif, dimana penulis akan mengkaji dan menelaah berbagai sumber literatur, misalnya buku-buku, jurnal-jurnal, makalah-makalah, majalah, koran dan lain sebagainya yang berkaitan dengan objek penelitian. Pada penelitian ini penulis merumuskan beberapa permasalahan, antara lain: 1) Apakah perbedaan antara Peraturan Perundang-undangan, Peraturan Kebijakan dan Keputusan? 2) Asas dan norma hukum apa saja yang dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan, Peraturan Kebijakan dan Keputusan? Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pertama, perbedaan antara peraturan perundang-undangan, peraturan Kebijakan, dan keputusan adalah jika dilihat pada materi muatannya, maka pada peraturan perundang-undangan materi muatannya itu bersifat mendasar dimana ditujukan untuk warga masyarakat, pada peraturan kebijakan itu materi muatannya lebih ditujukan kepada suatu organ pemerintahan lain yang berada dibawahnya ataupun berada pada tingkatan yang sama, sedangkan materi muatan pada keputusan itu biasanya bersifat konkret dan individual (tidak ditujukan untuk umum). Kedua, asas dan norma hukum administrasi negara yang dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan peraturan perundang-undangan, peraturan Kebijakan, dan keputusan adalah; 1) asas negara hukum dan demokrasi, 2) asas kedaulatan dan kekuasaan atau kewenangan publik, 3) asas opportunitas, 4) asas het vermoeden van rechtmatigheid atau asas pre sumtio justae causae, 5) asas perubahan, pencabutan dan pembatalan keputusan tata usaha negara, 6) asas jabatan, 7) asas netralitas dalam pembuatan keputusan, 8) asas larangan menyalahgunakan kewenangan.
AUTENTIKASI AKTA PPAT YANG PENGESAHAN AKTANYA TIDAK SESUAI PADA SAAT PENANDATANGANAN PARA PIHAK DIHADAPAN PPAT
Authors: Pertiwi Yulia Syanu Citra
Published: December 2022

PPAT ialah pejabat umum yang diberi kewenangan untuk membuat akta otentik dibidang pertanahan yaitu terkait dengan hak atas tanah dan bangunan atau hak milik atas satuan rumah susun sebagaimana dinormakan dalam PP No. 24 Tahun 2016 tentang Peraturan Jabatan PPAT. Bentuk serta tata cara proses pembuatan Akta PPAT diatur dalam PERKABAN No. 16 Tahun 2021 tentang Ketentuan Pelaksanaan PP No. 24 Tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai autentikasi akta PPAT yang pengesahan aktanya tidak sesuai pada saat penandatanganan para pihak dihadapan PPAT. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan teknik pengumpulan dari kepustakaan yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu akta PPAT yang pengesahan aktanya tidak sesuai pada saat penandatanganan para pihak dihadapan PPAT, terdapat sebuah penyimpangan terhadap prosedur pembuatan akta. Adanya penyimpangan terhadap proses pembuatan akta, berpengaruh pada nilai otentisitas akta tersebut dan berakibat hukum pada sifat kekuatan pembuktian akta tersebut.
Implementasi Yuridis Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2011 Tentang Penanganan Fakir Miskin dalam Peraturan Daerah di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Hidayatulloh Bagus Anwar
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Specifically regulate the poor are expected to provide comprehensive arrangements in an effort to improve the welfare of the poor in a more planned, directed and sustainable manner. However, in the implementation of this law, to this day it has not been able to solve poverty cases completely and evenly. Previously, the legal basis for efforts to improve the welfare of the poor was still partial and spread across various provisions of laws and regulations. Then the government enacted Undang – undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2011 tentang Penanganan Fakir Miskin. With the existence of a law that specifically regulates the poor, it is expected to provide comprehensive regulations in an effort to improve the welfare of the poor in a more planned, directed and sustainable manner, especially in the city of Yogyakarta in the form of a Regional Regulation. This research aims to determine the juridical implementation of Undang – undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2011 tentang Penanganan Fakir Miskin di Yogyakarta. The type of research used in this research is normative juridical research so that the approach is more towards the approach of regional regulations and other regulations made by the Yogyakarta City Government. The results of this study indicate that when viewed from the characteristics of the problem, the Yogyakarta City Government in implementing Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2011 tentang Penanganan Fakir Miskin materially has implemented the mandate of the Law. However, the researcher found that there were formal defects in the application of the laws and regulations, namely that the Yogyakarta City Government had not implemented Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2011 tentang Penanganan Fakir Miskin the Management of the Poor as a legal basis for implementation. However, materially, the Yogyakarta City Government has implemented related policies regarding the handling of the poor in Yogyakarta City.

Keywords : The Poor, Regulation, Yogyakarta.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN ATAS KERUGIAN PENGISIAN BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK DI SPBU BUNGKUL KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Wahjuni Edi , Sari Nuzulia Kumala , Sihite Reston Sipta
Published: December 2022

Business actors at the Bungkul gas station 34.45232 located on Jalan Soekarno Hatta, Bojong Sari Village, Indramayu Regency, West Java have been proven to have committed fraud in filling fuel oil at the gas station which was found by the Directorate General of Consumer Protection and Orderly Commerce. permissible error limit. Business actors in this case cause harm to consumers, consumer rights and protection issues. The use of measuring instrument technology in the business world is needed in the hope of satisfying consumers but in reality it causes many problems. There is an additional tool at the fuel measuring pump in the form of an electronic circuit to commit fraud. This practice results in harm to people who are not aware that they have been cheated while refueling. Various modes are carried out by the SPBU officers, one of which is by manipulating the measuring instrument at the gas station so that it seems as if the fuel that is served by the consumer is in accordance with the price paid. Business actors violate consumer rights, especially the right to obtain measurements, measurements, scales, comfort and safety in using goods and/or services. Then the method used is the statutory approach, the conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the Bungkul gas station must be responsible for providing compensation or compensation in the form of a refund of the amount that has been harmed.

Keywords: Business actors, Consumers; Loss.
UPAYA PAKSA (DWANG MIDDELEN) DALAM DUGAAN TERJADINYA TINDAK PIDANA BAGI PENYIDIK
Authors: Santoso Bagus Teguh
Published: December 2022

The supreme court didn’t make the gradation on the evidence law in the process of the law enforcement on the first stage/pre-trial (investigation and introgation) and the second stage/trial (prosecution and verdict). Meanwhile, the provisions of article 184 KUHAP is related with the provisions of the next article 185, 186, 187, 188, and 189 KUHAP. That proves that the gradation of legal evidence in article 184 is for the second stage/ trial process. The research method used in this research is normative legal research. The research approach used is the statutory approach, the conceptual approach and the cases approach to coercive measures (dwang middelen) in the alleged occurrence of criminal acts for investigators based on the Criminal Procedure Code and the Constitutional Court Decision Number: 21/ PUU-XII/2014. This study aims to analyze disharmony as a legal consequence of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 21/PUU-XII/2014.

If the verdict of supreme court aquo has the character final and binding, then after 30 days it was decided and declared in the gazette. As the law effect, all measures from the investigator were guided by KUHAP, in the frame of the force effort (dwang middelen) when the determination of the suspect, the arrest, and the detention is called as the breach of the legality principle and the rechtmatigeheid van bestur principle. That measures is null and void (neitigheid van rechtswege), therefore when tested by the pre-trial process about that measures, then the lawsuit filed by the applicant is very feasible and rasionable based on the law and appropriate to be accepted by the judge of pre-trial examiner.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN EJAAN DALAM ARTIKEL MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM DARUL `ULUM LAMONGAN
Authors: Marzuqi Iib , Ulfah Anisa , Tayong Miss Karimah , Wahyuni Ninik Indah
Published: December 2022

This study aims to describe spelling errors in terms of writing letters, writing words, and using punctuation marks in student articles from the Universitas Islam Darul `Ulum Lamongan (Unisda). This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data source was obtained from students of the Islamic Unisda with a total of 10 students. The data collection techniques used are documentation, reading, and note-taking techniques. The instrument used to measure spelling errors in student articles from the Islamic Unisda is a data copy sheet. Data analysis techniques carried out in this study were rereading the collected data, analyzing letter writing errors, analyzing word writing errors, analyzing punctuation errors, and concluding the results of the error analysis. Based on this research that has been carried out by researchers, the results found spelling errors are that there are errors in writing letters in student articles from Unisda 221 errors, there are errors in word writing in student articles from Unisda 90 errors, and there are usage errors punctuation in the student's article from the Islamic University Darul Ulum Lamongan 202 errors.
STRUKTUR KEPRIBADIAN DAN MEKANISME PERTAHANAN EGO TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL WIGATI: LINTANG MANIK WORO KARYA KHILMA ANIS
Authors: Sutardi Sutardi , Furqon Hendrik , Rokhmah Alfina Nisa’Ur , Aulia Lady Lina
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the personality structure of the main character in the novel Wigati:Lintang Manik Woro by Khilma Anis and to describe the ego defense mechanism of the main character in the novel Wigati:Lintang Manik Woro by Khilma Anis. The research method used is a qualitative research type, with a psychological approach and descriptive analysis method. The results of this study are that in Wigati, the forms of Id are found in the form of the desire to live in peace, avoid pain, and the desire to meet her biological father. In Manik¸, the form of Id is found in the form of great curiosity, interest in the opposite sex, and the desire to live with Hidayat Jati. The ego that emerged from Wigati's character was choosing to live in a boarding school¸ refusing to meet his biological father¸ looking for the whereabouts of his biological father. Manik's character is finding out about Wigati¸ approaching Hidayat Jati. The superego that appears in Wigati is Realizing that her abilities must be maintained properly, Realizing mistakes and Accepting her biological father. Pada Manik Realizes that there is no need to interfere too much in Wigati's affairs, Realizes that he should refrain from meeting Hidayat Jati¸ and Realizes that he is not worthy of being with Hidayat Jati. The ego defense mechanism in Wigati's character is Sublimation, Projection, Aggression, and Apathy. Meanwhile, in Manik's character, ego defense mechanisms are found in the form of  projection and  fantasy.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR TEKS NEGOSIASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONTRUKTIVISME BERBASIS KECAKAPAN PERSONAL PADA SISWA
Authors: Larasati Fransiska Angela , Yanti Nida
Published: December 2022

Based on this background, the objectives of this study are as follows (1) to determine, (2) to determine practicality, and (3) to determine the effectiveness of Negotiation Text teaching materials with a constructivism approach based on personal skills in class X SMA Persatuan Kedungpring Lamongan. Based on the process of developing teaching materials, there are steps (1) designing teaching materials, (2) expert validation, (3) design improvements, and (4) product trials. The researchers used research and development (R&D) methods. The model for developing teaching materials uses the Borg & Gall model which is adapted to the Constructivism approach. The research subjects were selected according to the needs, namely, (1) expert on validity, (2) expert on practitioner, (3) expert on effectiveness. The type of data selected is the result of validity from experts on validity, expert practitioners, and experts on effectiveness with experimental methods.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS PERSUASIF DENGAN TEKNIK 3W2H PADA SISWA KELAS VIII A MTs Negeri 2 LAMONGAN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Ilmiyah Zumrotul
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks persuasif dengan teknik 3W2H pada siswa kelas VIII A MTs Negeri Lamongan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus dirancang dan dilaksanakan dengan langkah-langkah 1) perencanaan, 2) tindakan, 3) observasi, dan 4) refleksi. Sumber data dalam penelitian adalah siswa-siswi kelas VIII A MTs Negeri 2 Lamongan sedangkan data dalam penelitian berupa teks persuasif yang dihasilkan siswa-siswi kelas VIII A MTs Negeri 2 Lamongan. Data dianalisis dengan menghitung statistik tertentu seperti rata-rata yang dijelaskan menggunakan tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan menulis teks persuasif siswa meningkat dengan rata-rata pada siklus 1 sebesar 74% termasuk pada kategori cukup meningkat menjadi 91%  pada siklus 2 termasuk kategori baik.
Primjenjivost tehnike mindfulnessa u obrazovnom kontekstu
Authors: Prijatelj Krešimir , Selak Bagarić Ella , Kukulj Ivan
Published: December 2022

Usredotočena svjesnost (eng. mindfulness) stanje je svijesti u kojem je pažnja usmjerena na vlastita iskustva, odnosno tjelesne osjete, misli i osjećaje, te na svoju okolinu, u sadašnjem trenutku i sa stavom uvažavanja i neprosuđivanja. Ta tehnika pomaže smanjiti anksioznost, depresiju, agresiju, somatske probleme te poboljšati samopouzdanje i društvene vještine kod djece i mladih. Istraživanja ukazuju kako tehnika mindfulnessa mijenja određene biomarkere u aktivnostima imunološkog sustava. U vrijeme kada raste broj internaliziranih poremećaja kod djece i mladih, tehnika mindfulnessa ujedno je i intervencija i preventivna strategija u školskom kontekstu. Kao obrazovna ustanova, škola uči učenike kako učiti, odnosno kako unaprijediti proces učenja, ali i donositi odluke u svakodnevnim životnim situacijama. Tehniku mindfulnessa bilo bi važno prakticirati u školi jer ima pozitivan učinak na pažnju, socijalni i emocionalni razvoj djece i mladih te na poboljšavanje izvršnih funkcija i pamćenja.