bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mineralogy and geochemistry of the black shales from Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations(Late Ordovician-Early Silurian) in Xindi No. 1 well, Southwest of Sichuan Basin: Constraints on provenance, source area weathering and tectonic setting
Authors: Ge Xiangying , Mou Chuanlong , Men Xin , Yu Qian , Liu Wei , He Jianglin , Chen Feifei
Published: February 2023

The Late Ordovician-Early Silurian period witnessed the second largest Phanerozoic mass extinction, Hirnantian glaciation and volcanic events. Wufeng, Guanyinqiao and Longmaxi formations were developed in South China across the Ordovician-Silurian transition.To infer the weathering conditions, provenance, tectonic setting of the source area in western South China during this period, we measured the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of 42 samples of Wufeng-Longmaxi formations taken from Xindi No. 1 well, south west of Sichuan Basin. These shales and argillaceous limestones mainly consist of quartz, clay mineral, carbonate, feldspar, and minor amounts of pyrite. Geochemically, the rocks from three formations are enriched in CaO and MgO and slightly depleted in SiO2, Al2O3 and K2O. Chondrite-normalized rare earth elements (REE) patterns display a negative Eu anomaly, a slight enrichment in LREE and a flat HREE. Paleoweathering indices (CIA and PIA) and Th/U ratios indicate that the sediments experienced moderate-intense to weak chemical weathering in the source area. CIA values of the lower Wufeng Formation range from 64.88 to 70.88, indicating a warm and humid climate. Upward the CIA values on the top of Wufeng Formation decrease from 62.56 to 62.93, the CIA values of the Guanyinqiao and lowest Longmaxi formation are consistently low values (58.48-67.12) , suggesting a cold and dry climate which is consistent with Gondwana glaciation in Hirnantian period. Geochemical discrimination diagrams revealed that the rocks of the three formations were derived from felsic igneous source rocks and deposited in an active continental margin setting.
Global Classical Solutions to the viscous two-phase flow model with slip Boundary Conditions in 3D Exterior Domains
Authors: Li Zilai , Liu Hao , Wang Huaqiao , Zhou Daoguo
Published: February 2023

We consider the two-phase flow model in 3D exterior domains with slip boundary conditions. We establish the global existence of classical solutions of this system provided that the initial energy is suitably small. Furthermore, we prove that the pressure has large oscillations and contains vacuum states when the initial pressure allows large oscillations and a vacuum. Finally, we also obtain the large-time behavior of the classical solutions.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35Q35; 35Q30; 35A09; 35B40.
Does green infrastructure work? Precipitation, protected areas, floods and landslides.
Authors: Robalino Juan , Mullan Katrina , Piaggio Matias , Guzman Marisol
Published: February 2023

We evaluate whether floods and landslides are more likely when rain falls inside versus outside protected areas (PAs). We use monthly municipality data for the period 2000–2015 in Guatemala and monthly district data for the period 1992–2019 in Costa Rica. We define relevant catchment areas using water flows to population centers of administrative units. Then, we calculate the precipitation inside and outside PAs within the relevant catchment areas, and test how the frequency of floods and landslides is affected by whether rain falls inside or outside PAs. We use a two-way fixed effect panel data model. For Guatemala, we find no robust statistically significant effects on these type of disasters. However, in Costa Rica, we find that shifts in precipitation towards PAs reduce floods significantly. These results were highly robust. We also find effects on landslides in densely populated districts, as well as reductions in flood-related deaths.
Early changes of cTnT and NT-proBNP in neonates underwent ECMO support: a single-center experience
Authors: Huang Jiang-Shan , zhou Si-Jia , Chen Xiu-Hua , Zheng Yi-Rong , Cao Hua , Chen Qiang
Published: February 2023

Objective:To explore the changes in the absolute value and decline rate of early serum cTnT and NT-proBNP in neonates who underwent V-A ECMO support therapy within one week of birth.Methods:Clinical data and laboratory test results of 17 neonates who underwent V-A ECMO support therapy within one week of birth from January 2020 to January 2023 were retrospectively collected from the electronic medical record system. The patients were divided into the survival group and the death group. The absolute values and decline rate of cTnT and NT-proBNP were compared between the two groups on the day, 24, 48, and 72 hours after ECMO treatment.Result:Of the 17 neonates, 10 survived, and 7 died, with a survival rate of 58.8%. The absolute values of cTnT and NT-proBNP in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the death group, and the decline rate was significantly higher than in the death group. In this study, neonates with no early decline in cTnT and NT-proBNP were all in the death group.Conclusion:The changes in the absolute value and decline rate of early serum cTnT and NT-proBNP in neonates who underwent V-A ECMO may predict their prognosis.
Prophylactic Abdominal Drainage After Gastrectomy: An Updated Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Guangxu , Zhou Shengjie , Sun Qihang , Li Bowen , Zhu Qingshun , Jiao Xuguang , Zhai Shengyong , Xiong Jinqiu , Lang Xiaomin , Qu Jianjun
Published: February 2023

Introduction: At present, there is no convincing evidence-based medical basis for the placement of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy.This meta-analysis aimed to analyze the incidence of complications and the recovery of gastrointestinal function after gastrectomy in the drain group and the no-drain group.
Methods: Data were retrieved from electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases up to December 2022, including the outcomes of individual treatment after gastrectomy. Complication related index:Incidence of Postoperative Complications, Anastomotic leak，Intra-abdominal bleeding, Wound Infection, Hospital mortality, Pulmonary infection, Intra-abdominal abscess, Abdominal infection, Readmission, Reoperation, Drain related complications etc. Recovery of gastrointestinal function related index: Passage of flatus, Initiation of soft diet, Hospital stay after surgery. The Jadad score and Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used to assess the quality of the included studies.
Results: After screening, 20 literatures were finally included, including 4984 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that the passage of flatus（WMD=0.32, 95%CI=0.07~0.58, P=0.01）and initiation of soft diet（WMD=0.45, 95%CI=0.20~0.71, P=0.0005）in the no-drain group were better than those in the drain group. The drain group was not superior to the no-drain group in hospital stay after surgery, postoperative complications, wound infection, pulmonary infection, anastomotic leakage, intra-abdominal abscess, intra-abdominal bleeding, intra-abdominal infection, mortality, reoperation, readmission, and drainage-related complications.
Conclusions: Prophylactic placement of the peritoneal drainage tube did not reduce the incidence of early complications but delayed recovery of gastrointestinal function. Abdominal drainage is not required after radical gastrectomy, but is recommended for high-risk patients with anastomotic fistula and intraperitoneal bleeding.
Paradigm or Practice? Situating GIS in contemporary archaeological method and theory
Authors: Ullah Isaac I. , Clow Zachery , Meling Juliette
Published: February 2023

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has been used in archaeology for four decades, and colloquially appears to have become a main tool in the geospatial aspects of archaeological practice. In this paper, we examine temporal trends in the use and/or mention of GIS in archaeological publications (books and journal articles), conference presentations, and websites. We gathered data through keyword searches and with formal sampling surveys and conducted both quantitative and qualitative analyses to characterize the changing nature and intensity of GIS use in archaeology over time. We show how archaeological GIS-use has grown from a few early adopters of the 1980’s, through a slow initial integration phase in the 1990’s, to a punctuated set of two major expansions in the 2000’s and 2010’s. While we find that basic use of GIS has grown to the point where it can be considered ubiquitous – if not universal – in the discipline, we also discovered that the major focus in archaeological GIS advancement is methodological rather than theoretical. We provide a historical context to this temporal pattern and identify five roadblocks that we believe have hampered the development of a theory-rich archaeological GIS: 1) deficiencies in the archaeological GIS education model, 2) over-reliance on commercial software, 3) technical/technological barriers, 4) gaps in acceptance of GIS, and 5) the perception of GIS as “just a tool.” We offer initial suggestions for ways forward to mitigate the effects of these roadblocks and build a more robust, theoretically sophisticated relationship with GIS in archaeology.
The Early and Intensive Motor Training Trial for People with Spinal Cord Injuries: Description of the Intervention
Authors: Harvey Lisa , Ben Marsha , Glinsky Joanne , Spooren Annemie , Roberts Sharon , Chen Lydia , Denis Sophia , Lorusso Matteo , Jørgensen Vivien , Gollan Emilie , Agostinello Jacqui , Laake-Geelen Charlotte van , Lincoln Claire , Stolwijk-Swüste Janneke , Bell Chris , Paddison Sue , Rainey Donna , Chu Jackie , Tranter Keira , Ilha Jocemar , Oostra Kristine , Sherrington Cathie
Published: February 2023

Study design:
Descriptive
Objectives
The primary objective is to describe the intervention that will be provided in a large multi-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT) titled: Early and Intensive Motor Training for people with Spinal Cord Injuries (the SCI-MT Trial). The secondary objective is to describe the strategies that will be used to operationalise and standardise the Motor Training provided to participants while keeping the intervention person-centred.
Methods
The paper focuses on the rationale and principles of Motor Training for people with spinal cord injuries (SCI). The description of the intervention is based on the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. Specifically, it addresses the following 6 criteria of the TIDieR checklist: why the effectiveness of Motor Training is being examined; what, how, where and when the Motor Training will be administered; and how much Motor Training will be provided.
Results
A detailed intervention manual has been developed to help standardise the delivery of the intervention.
Conclusions
This paper describes the details of a complex intervention administered as part of a large randomised controlled trial. It will facilitate the subsequent interpretation of the trial results and enable the intervention to be reproduced in clinical practice and future trials.
Reimaging the unimaginable: Moving an on-campus health course online during COVID-19
Authors: Nicola-Richmond Kelli , Pepin Genevieve , Richards Kieva
Published: February 2023

In early 2020 the world experienced the one in 100-year COVID-19 pandemic, causing major disruption to higher education in Australia. In Victoria, Australia this necessitated a rapid shift of university teaching and placements to the online environment. For health programs in particular, which are typically taught with significant on-campus and face to face components, this shift online created major changes in both teaching and learning. This study sought to explore the lived experience of teaching and learning for Australian occupational therapy students and academics at one Australian university during COVID-19. More specifically, this study aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers to occupational therapy online teaching and learning and the impacts it had on student/academic roles, professional identity, motivation and wellbeing. A qualitative phenomenological approach was adopted, with semi-structed interviews conducted with students (n = 10) and academics (n = 6). Inductive, thematic analysis of data was utilised. Five key themes were identified from the analysis of data: impact on professional identity, disruption of roles, feeling pressure, mutual respect and gratitude, and the importance of social connection at university. Whilst online learning may be more flexible for students and more cost effective for universities, the findings of this study suggest that there is a need to provide continued opportunities for health students to engage with academics and each other on-campus.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Natural Insecticide Based on Aloe barbadensis Against Pests of Abelmochus esculentus for the Promotion of Ecological Agriculture (Far-north Region -cameroun)
Authors: Félicité OBONO MBA , NTAMACK Samuel , NAOUTISSA Laurentine
Published: February 2023

Chemical insecticides have long been considered means of controlling crop pests. Although their effectiveness is obvious, their impact on the environment is increasingly discussed.. The objective of this study is to determine the agro-ecological component of a biological insecticide based on Aloe Vera in a Sahelian context. For this, an experimental device (randomized complete block with 3 repetitions and 4 block treatments) was set up to experiment with Aloe barbadensis as a bio insecticide on okra pests, so the data was collected through a grid. observation and monitoring of parameters. he results obtained show that the level of damage is significantly high in the control treatment T0 (63%) compared to the other treatments, i.e. 29% for the treatment T1, 7% for T2 and 1% for T3. Furthermore, as regards the number of leaves, 4 leaves attacked out of 6 were recorded at treatment T0, 1 leaf attacked out of 9 at treatment T1 and 0 leaves attacked at treatment T2 and T3. Thus, we can say that the pests were more dominant in the control T0 on all the parameters studied than in the other treatments and the results were negative in all the control treatments (T0). On this, aloe Barbadensis formulated as a biological insecticide in this experiment was found to be very effective against okra pests.
Psychiatric Disorders in Term-Born Children with Low Birth Weight: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Wu Shu-I , Huang Yu-Hsin , Kao Kai-Liang , Lin Yu-Wen , Tsai Po-Li , Chiu Nan-Chang , Chung Ching-Hu , Chen Chie-Pein
Published: February 2023

Background: To investigate the risk of psychiatric disorder development in term-born children with marginally low birth weight (MLBW, 2000–2499 g).
Methods: This is a nationwide retrospective cohort study, by analysing the data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database from 2008 to 2018. The study population includes propensity-score-matched term-born infants with MLBW and those without MLBW (birth weight ³ 2500 g). Cox proportional hazard analysis was used after adjustment for potential demographic and perinatal comorbidity confounders. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HR) of 11 psychiatric diagnoses were evaluated.
Results: A total of 53,276 term-born MLBW infants and 1,323,930 term-born infants without MLBW were included in the study. After propensity score matching for demographic variables and perinatal comorbidities, we determined that the term-born MLBW infants (n = 50,060) were more likely to have specific developmental delays (HR = 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.33, 1.43]), attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (HR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.20, 1.33]), autistic spectrum disorder (HR=1.26, 95% CI [1.14, 1.40]), conduct disorder (HR =1.25, 95% CI [1.03, 1.51]), and emotional disturbance (HR: = 1.13, 95% CI: [1.02, 1.26]) than did the term-born infants without MLBW (n = 50,060).
Conclusion:MLBW was significantly associated with the risk of subsequent psychiatric disorder development among term-born infants. The study findings demonstrate that further attention to mental health and neurodevelopment issues may be necessary in term-born children with MLBW. However, possibilities of misclassification in exposures or outcomes, and risks of residual and unmeasured confounding should be concerned when interpreting our data.
Optimal Pretrained Deep Ensemble of Classification Model for Multimodal Sarcasm Detection
Authors: Bavkar Dnyaneshwar , Kashyap Ramgopal , Khairnar Vaishali
Published: February 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Solving Sparse Reward Tasks Using Dynamic Range Shaped Rewards
Authors: Kong Yan , Wei Junfeng
Published: February 2023

While approaches to shaping rewards in solving sparse reward tasks are beneficial, their successful application usually does not consider the problem of environment size, which remains a challenging task in larger-scale environments where the state space is too large. For example, in tasks where the intelligence must achieve a certain goal state, it is often difficult for the intelligence to reach the goal when the environment is large enough to be rewarded and learn many useless episode experiences, resulting in longer training times and compromised performance. We introduce a simple and effective model-free approach to learning to shape the distance-to-goal reward for failure in tasks that require successful goal attainment. Our approach introduces a dynamic range on the goal, with an associated reward function set according to the range to guide the correct goal direction. This approach is much less affected by state space oversizing in larger-scale environments and can solve sparse reward tasks quickly and efficiently. In our experiments, we demonstrate that our approach successfully solves goal-directed tasks of different sizes, but in these tasks, other now popular reinforcement learning algorithms, which are based on the rewards of naive distance shaping failure rollout, are more influenced by the size of the environment, resulting in poorer performance in larger scale environments.
mmBehavior: Human Activity Recognition System of millimeter-wave Radar Point Clouds Based on Deep Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Ni Hongbo , He Yonggang , Li Jing , Huang Bao , Tian Zhi , Tan Weiqi
Published: February 2023

Sensing human activities through wireless technology is the key to human-computer interaction. Relevant studies show that millimeter-wave radar has attracted more and more attention because it can accurately measure distance, velocity, and angle, and extract 3D point cloud images. However, the millimeter-wave point cloud is very sparse. For example, the depth neural network of PointNet is designed to deal with the LIDAR point cloud, which is not effective on the millimeter-wave radar point cloud. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a user activity perception system mmBheavior based on commercial millimeter-wave radar chip. Firstly, we use an improved clustering algorithm P-DBSCAN, which overcomes the problem of DBSCAN parameter sensitivity and realizes adaptive user target detection in the environment of changing number of people. Then we propose a new neural network architecture P-BiLSTMNet, which improves PointNet + + and introduces BiLSTM to learn the time dependence of point cloud. Experiments show that the system can classify all kinds of motion, and the accuracy is more than 93%.
Assessment of subtle cardiac dysfunction induced by premature ventricular contraction using two dimensional strain echocardiography and the effects of successful ablation
Authors: Doğan Zeki , Erden Emine Çakcak , ERDEN İsmail , Bektaşoğlu Gökhan
Published: February 2023

Background: We aimed to evaluate the effects of successful ablation on impaired left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) in patients with frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). We also evaluated the potential risk factors of impaired LV-GLS.
Methods: Thirty-six consecutive patients without any structural heart disease who were treated with radiofrequency (RF) ablation because of frequent PVCs were included into the study. All patients were evaluated with standard transthoracic and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).
Results: The mean LVGLS values before ablation were 17.3±3.7. This value was observed as 20.5±2.6 after ablation and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). Patients were categorized into 2 groups in the form of those having LV-GLS value >-16% and ≤16%. Low PVC E flow/post-PVC E flow and PVC SV/post-PVC SV ratios were associated with impaired LV-GLS.
Conclusion: In symptomatic patients with frequent PVCs and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), we observed significant improvement in LV-GLS value following successful RF ablation. Patients with impaired LV-GLS more often display nonejecting PVCs and postextrasystolic potentiation (PEP) compared to patients with normal LV-GLS.
Depression wetland formation by redox-driven iron and silica cycling
Authors: Ellery Steven , Ellery William , Tsikos Harilaos , Dunlevey John
Published: February 2023

This paper investigates the origin and geomorphic evolution of Shadow Vlei, a depression wetland located approximately 30 km northwest of Port Elizabeth. The wetland is on sandstone on the African Erosion Surface. The depression wetland has a rim of high-lying ground surrounding a central depression. Fluctuations between wet and dry periods create both highly reducing conditions in soils during wet phases in the depression, and highly oxidising conditions in the depression margin. Under reducing conditions, iron(III) oxides that are insoluble, are reduced to soluble iron(II), which is transported to and trapped in the margins of the depression under oxidising conditions when the water table declines and iron(II) is oxidised to iron(III). There is also a moderate flux of silica from the surface in the centre of the depression to the margins, which is suggested to be associated with maximum alkalinity associated with iron(III) reduction, and decreased alkalinity in the margins associated with iron(II) oxidation. However, the main flux of silica is from the surface in the centre of the depression to depth of greater than 1.5m, again associated with variations in pH linked to iron-cycling. These reactions have thus caused a net volume loss in the centre of the depression, causing sagging, and a net volume gain at the margins of the depression, causing swelling. Wetland formation associated with alteration of landform morphology as a consequence of alternating redox conditions represents a novel mechanism that has not yet been described.
Porous Bleed Boundary Conditions for Supersonic Flows with & without Shock-Boundary Layer Interaction
Authors: Giehler Julian , Grenson Pierre , Bur Reynald
Published: February 2023

In this paper, several existing porous bleed models are implemented intothe in-house RANS-solver elsA, and their performance are evaluated ontwo different flow cases. Reference simulations are performed to evalu-ate the accuracy of the applied bleed models and to show the lack ofmodeling different plate geometries. The models significantly differ inpredicting the bleed mass flux along the plate. For the turbulent super-sonic boundary layer bleeding, the reference simulations demonstrate ahole diameter influence on the flow, but none of the models considersthis effect. The model of Slater fits well with the reference simulationby applying it to its extracted data. However, applying the bleed mod-els as a boundary condition results in more significant deviations fromthe reference simulation, leading to an overestimation of the wall shearstress and fuller boundary layer profiles downstream of the bleed region.Additionally, in the second flow case, including the shock-boundary layerinteraction, the effect of the porous bleed is overestimated. No modelis found suitable for a shock-boundary layer interaction control, andessential parameters such as the bleed hole diameter are not considered.
Gender-Specific Impacts of Thigh Skinfold Thickness and Grip Strength for Predicting Osteoporosis in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lu Chieh-Hua , Lee Chien-Hsing , Wu Li-Wei , Liao Chun-Cheng , Su Sheng-Chiang , Liu Jhih-Syuan , Li Peng-Fei , Huang Chia-Luen , Ho Li-Ju , Lin Chien-Ming , Lin Ming-Hsun , Chang Chun-Yung , Liu Yi-Chen , Lin Chih-Ping , Cheng An-Che , Kuo Feng-Chih
Published: February 2023

Background
Diabetes with co-existing bone fragility or osteoporosis is common in elderly patients, whereas is frequently underestimated.
Methods
We conducted dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with 7-site skinfold (SF) and dominant hand grip strength measurements among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to assess their gender-specific associations. A total of 103 patients with T2DM (60 females and 43 males), aged between 50–80 years (median 68.0 years) were enrolled.
Results
Our results revealed osteoporosis was negatively correlated with grip strength in both genders, negatively correlated with lean mass solely in males and negatively correlated with fat mass (particular the gynoid fat mass and thigh SF thickness) in females. Via performing multivariable stepwise logistic regression, we identified grip strength in both genders and thigh SF thickness in females as predictors for osteoporosis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis further disclosed 20.5 mm female thigh skinfold thickness, 18.1 kg female grip strength and 29.0 kg male grip strength as reasonable cutoff levels for predicting osteoporosis in the Taiwanese patients with T2DM.
Conclusions
Patients with T2DM presented gender-specific associations between osteoporosis, body composition and grip strength. Grip strength and thigh SF thickness might serve as predictors for early detection of osteoporosis in patients with T2DM.
Bell state measurement locally explained
Authors: Muchowski Eugen
Published: February 2023

Entangled quantum systems can connect to the environment by means of a Bell state measurement. This is true for instance for teleportation and entanglement swapping. While the results are well understood it is not quite clear if they involve nonlocal action or if they are determined in advance. Models based on the fact that the partners of an entangled pair have the same value of a statistical parameter do not apply here. Therefore, in this work a model is presented which reproduces the quantum mechanical predictions for expectation values with spin measurements, but is not based on shared statistical parameters. The coupling of the entangled particles is instead based on the conservation of the spin angular momentum. The model refutes Bell's theorem and explains teleportation and entanglement swapping in a local manner as well. Multilevel entanglements can also be explained locally by the model. The manuscript is thus a step forward towards a complete theory describing quantum physical reality as thought possible by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen.
Synthetic projective lines, geometric closure and AB-sets
Authors: Thas Koen
Published: February 2023

In this note, we introduce a new approach to abstract "synthetic" projective lines. We discuss various aspects of our approach, and compare these aspects
with the classical one. A number of intriguing questions arise. Amongst these aspects, we discuss geometric closures, and introduce automorphism-blocking sets. We also construct a number of (counter) examples in infinite cases.
Recurrent, life-threatening PE in the setting of popliteal vein aneurysm in pregnancy: A case report
Authors: McBride S. Ainslie , Rannelli Luke A. , Cantle Paul M.
Published: February 2023

Background
Popliteal vein aneurysms (PVA) are a rare clinical entity with unknown etiology that pose a significant risk for venous thromboembolic events (VTE). The current literature supports anticoagulation and operative management. There are few case reports of PVA in pregnancy. We present a unique case of a pregnant patient with recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE) in the setting of PVA with intra-aneurysmal thrombosis who ultimately underwent surgical excision.
Case presentation
A previously healthy 34-year-old G2P1 at 30 weeks gestational age presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath and chest pain. She was diagnosed with PE and subsequently required intensive care unit (ICU) admission and thrombolysis for a massive PE. While on a therapeutic dose of tinzaparin she had recurrence of PE in the post-partum period. She was treated with supratherapeutic tinzaparin and subsequently transitioned to warfarin. She was found to have a PVA and ultimately underwent successful aneurysmorrhaphy. She remains on anticoagulation for secondary prevention of VTE.
Conclusions
PVA are a rare but potentially fatal source of VTE. Patients most commonly present with symptoms of PE. The risk of VTE is elevated in the pro-thrombotic states of pregnancy and the post-partum period due to both physiologic and anatomical changes. The
recommended management of PVA with PE is anticoagulation and surgical resection of the aneurysm, however this can be complicated in the setting of pregnancy. We demonstrated that pregnant patients with PVA can be temporized with medical management to avoid surgical intervention during pregnancy, but require close symptom monitoring and serial imaging to reassess the PVA, with high index of suspicion for recurrent VTE. Ultimately, patients with PVA and PE should undergo surgical resection to reduce the risk of recurrence and long-term complications. The ideal duration of post-operative anticoagulation remains unclear, and should likely be decided on based on risks, benefits, values, and shared decision making with the patient and their care provider.
EDUCATIONAL ECOSYSTEM AS A MODERN MODEL OF IMPROVING RELATIONSHIPS IN THE "EDUCATION" - "LABOR MARKET" SYSTEM
Authors: Vasilyeva Tetiana , Derev`Yanko Yurii , Lukash Olha , Matiushchenko Maryna
Published: February 2023

The educational ecosystem, by its very nature, gained popularity in the educational process relatively recently. Using the parameters of a biological ecosystem, a learning ecosystem is usually described as a complex community and environment where the learner interacts in a mixed environment where time, place and space are constantly changing. Entrepreneurial ecosystems have recently attracted attention mainly in the sphere of policy and decision-making, where communities and regions seek to develop and expand entrepreneurial structures in particular areas and industries. The idea of ecosystems in entrepreneurship is becoming an increasingly popular topic around the world, as economic development is seen as a solution to both social and economic problems. The article examines the peculiarities of the functioning of educational ecosystems on the example of the educational ecosystem for entrepreneurship education and the study of their role in the system of relationships "education - business - labor market". The educational ecosystem of entrepreneurship includes several levels - individuals (students, teachers, staff, practices and administration), groups of people (faculty, students), organizations (incubators, centers), events and stakeholders (stakeholders) of the community (government, politicians, industry, sponsors). Central to the educational ecosystem is internal entrepreneurial activity that functions around educational (educational), additional (extracurricular) and research (scientific) activities. The main types of educational institutions, depending on their role in the educational ecosystem, are: broker - an educational institution that assumes the role of an intermediary, will have a wide scope of activities, many courses, joint activities and research projects of teachers, but support will be provided from the bottom up, and participation may not be a priority for the institution; facilitator – the educational institution performing this role will have several separate disciplines, a limited number of teachers and support staff; hub – an educational institution that assumes the role of a center, will have both a wide range of core activities and a deep commitment to certain aspects of entrepreneurship; developer – an institution that takes on the role of developer will have significant commitments in terms of resources, infrastructure and culture, but the range of curricula, extracurriculars and research will be narrow.
Связь оценки музыкальных способностей и показателей регуляторных функций детей, посещающих музыкальные занятия
Authors: Долгих Александра Г. , Баянова Лариса Ф. , Шатская Арина Н. , Якушина Анастасия А.
Published: February 2023

Введение. Целью данной работы было изучение согласованности оценок музыкальных способностей детей педагогами с развитием их регуляторных функций. Кроме того, в рамках исследования проводилась первичная апробация опросника для оценки музыкальных способностей детей. Новизна исследования заключается, во-первых, в разработке и использовании нового инструмента для оценки музыкальных способностей детей, основанного на концепции Б. М. Теплова, а во-вторых, в демонстрации того, что не только музыкальные занятия влияют на показатели развития регуляторных функций детей, но и некоторые из регуляторных функций также вносят вклад в музыкальные способности детей. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 61 ребенок, в возрасте 5–6 лет, которые несколько раз в неделю дополнительно занимаются музыкой в детских школах искусств г. Москвы и г. Краснодара. В ходе диагностики с детьми проводилось несколько встреч, в рамках которых изучались такие показатели регуляторных функций, как когнитивная гибкость, рабочая память и торможение. В оценке уровня развития их музыкальных способностей приняли участие 50 преподавателей, которые заполняли специально разработанную анкету для выявления уровня развития следующих параметров музыкальных способностей детей: звуковысотный слух, чувство ритма, ладовое чувство и эмоциональная отзывчивость. Результаты. В результате было получено наличие положительной взаимосвязи между зрительной рабочей памятью и оценкой звуковысотного слуха у детей, занимающихся музыкой. Кроме того, в результате проведенного регрессионного анализа было показано, что показатель зрительной рабочей памяти детей вносит вклад в оценку таких параметров музыкальных способностей, как звуковысотный слух (R2 = 0,241, p = 0,008) и эмоциональная отзывчивость (R2 = 0,149, p = 0,043). Обсуждение результатов. Таким образом, проведенное исследование демонстрирует взаимосвязь музыкальных способностей и регуляторных функций детей, и вклад регуляторных функций в оценку музыкальных способностей детей, что обосновывает ценность систематических музыкальных занятий в дошкольном возрасте.
Hepatic Effect of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, the Signature
Component of Traditional Chinese Medicine Heshouwu: Advances and Prospects
Authors: Wang Cheng-Yu , Hu Ying-Huan , Sun Zhen-Xiao
Published: February 2023

Traditional Chinese medicine Heshouwu, named Polygoni Multiflori Radix in Pharmacopoeia of the People’s
Republic of China (PPRC, 2020), is derived from the root tuber of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., Heshouwu
or processed Heshouwu is well known for its function in reducing lipids and nourishing the liver. However, increasing
cases of Heshouwu-induced hepatotoxicity were reported in recent years. Researchers have begun to study the
paradoxical effects of Heshouwu on the liver. 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG), an abundant
functional component of Heshouwu, shows various biological activities, among which its effect on the liver is worthy
of attention. This paper reviews the current studies of TSG on hepatoprotection and hepatotoxicity, and summarizes
the doses, experimental models, effects, and mechanisms of action involved in TSG’s hepatoprotection and hepatotoxicity,
aiming to provide insight for future study of TSG and understanding the effects of Heshouwu on the liver.
Emerging evidence suggests that TSG ameliorates both pathological liver injury and chemical-induced liver injury by
modulating lipid metabolism, inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the liver. However, with
the reports of clinical cases of Heshouwu induced liver injury, it has been found that long-term exposure to a high
dose of TSG cause hepatocyte or hepatic tissue damage. Moreover, TSG may cause hepatotoxicity by affecting the
transport and metabolism of other possible hepatoxic compounds in Heshouwu. Studies indicate that trans-TSG can
be isomerized into cis-TSG under illumination, and cis-TSG had a less detrimental dose to liver function than trans-
TSG in LPS-treated rats. In brief, TSG has protective effects on the liver, but liver injury usually occurs under highdose
TSG or is idiosyncratic TSG-induced liver injury.
A Nutraceutical Compound Containing a Low Dose of Monacolin K,
Polymethoxyflavones, Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids, and Hydroxytyrosol
Improves HDL Functionality
Authors: Cervellati Carlo , Trentini Alessandro , Rosta Valentina , Zuliani Giovanni , Vieceli Dalla Sega Francesco , Fortini Francesca , Rizzo Paola , Cimaglia Paolo , Campo Gianluca
Published: February 2023

Background:

In earlier studies, it has been observed that 8-week treatment with a novel
nutraceutical compound (NC) containing low monacolin K dose, polymethoxyflavones, phenolic acids,
flavonoids, and hydroxytyrosol improves lipid profile and endothelial function and reduces the level of
oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). We hypothesize that this effect might be, at least in part,
explained by positive modulation exerted by the NC on the atheroprotective function of high-density
lipoprotein (HDL).

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate whether the NC could influence determinants of HDL function.

Methods:

Forty-five subjects with low-moderate dyslipidaemia were enrolled and treated for 8 weeks
with the NC, followed by 4 weeks of washout. Blood samples were collected at every time point to
evaluate changes in lipid profile, endothelial function, oxLDL, and markers of HDL function, such as
the anti-oxidant activities of paraoxonase-1, glutathione peroxidase-3 (Gpx3), lipoprotein-phospholipase
A2 (Lp-PLA2), and pro-oxidant activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO).

Results:

Although the concentration of HDL-C did not change, the activity of Lp-PLA2 significantly
decreased upon treatment (-11.6%, p<0.001) and returned to baseline level 4 weeks after the end of
treatment. In contrast, Gpx3 increased after treatment (+5%, p<0.01) and remained unvaried after 4
weeks. Both MPO activity and concentration significantly decreased after the washout period (-33 and
32%, p<0.001).

Conclusion:

For the first time, it was found that the administration of an NC with beneficial effects on
lipid homeostasis also positively impacts HDL function by improving the balance between protective
and damaging determinants. Further investigation is required to corroborate our findings.
Delineating Potential de novo Therapeutics and Repurposed Drugs Against
Novel Protein LRRC15 to Treat SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Afroj Zinnia Maliha , Khademul Islam Abul Bashar Mir Md.
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Sudden SARS-CoV-2 pandemic disrupted global public health; hence, searching
for more effective treatments is urgently needed.

Objective:

Recently, a new host protein LRRC15 has been identified, facilitating viral attachment and
cellular invasion and hence can be a good target against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, design some potential
inhibitors against LRRC15.

Methods:

Here, we explored three strategies to find potential inhibitors against LRRC15, including the
repurposing of ACE2 inhibitors, structure-based de novo drug generation, and virtual screening of three
chemical libraries (ZINC Trial, ZINC Fragments, and Enamine HTSC).

Results:

Based on binding affinity Benazepril (-7.7 kcal/mol) was chosen as a final repurpose drug candidate,
and ten de novo drugs (-8.9 to -8.0 kcal/mol) and 100 virtually screened drugs (-11.5 to -10.7
kcal/mol) were elected for further ADMET and drug likeliness investigation. After filtering, Z131403838
and Z295568380 were chosen as final drug candidates, and de novo drugs were further optimized. Optimization,
re-docking, and pharmacokinetic analysis confirmed L-2 and L-36 as the best hit de novo drug
candidates. Furthermore, all five final drugs demonstrated stable receptor-drug complex stability in molecular
dynamics simulation.

Conclusion:

Effective treatment options are necessary to combat the SARS-CoV-2 epidemics. All the
compounds presented in this study appeared to be promising inhibitorpromising inhibitors against
LRRC15, though the future clinical investigation is needed toensure the biological effectiveness.
Demonstration of Interaction between Carbapenem Group Antibiotics and
Different Immunosuppressant Drugs by Molecular Docking
Authors: Karatas Deniz , Gonel Ataman , Koyuncu Ismail , Temiz Ebru , Egi Kadir , Durgun Mustafa , Akmese Sukru , Caglayan Murat
Published: February 2023

Background:

It has been shown that drugs used parenterally cause errors in immunosuppressant
concentrations measured by LC-MS / MS method. It is yet unknown whether this measurement error
is due to drug-drug interaction or analytical interference.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to investigate the possible interaction and inhibition concentrations of
broad-spectrum antibiotics (ertapenem, meropenem, imipenem) with 4 different immunosuppressants
(tacrolimus, sirolimus, everolimus, cyclosporine A) by molecular docking.

Method:

The docking results of ertapenem, meropenem, and imipenem-cilastatin drugs, which are frequently
used in intensive care units and wards, were analyzed with the Autodock 4.2 program. Binding
energy levels and inhibition concentrations were recorded.

Results:

The highest binding energies of the most stable conformations, providing the best compatibility
among the active ingredients, belong to cilastatin. The interaction energy of cilastatin with sirolimus in
320 conformations was calculated as -4.08 kcal/mol. Sirolimus interacted with ertapenem at -3.43,
imipenem at -2.53, and meropenem at -3.84 kcal/mol. According to these values, the receptor, which is
the most compatible host with all ligand molecules, is sirolimus. The least interaction energy value was
calculated between cyclosporine and imipenem (-1.12 kcal / mol).

Conclusion:

Concerning the most stable conformations of models docked with Autodock tools, it has
been determined that carbapenems interact with immunosuppressants. Since the detected inhibition concentration
levels can be seen in blood samples taken immediately after carbapenem injection, immunosuppressant
measurement is recommended before the use of carbapenem in immunosuppressant monitoring
of transplant patients.
Organosulfur Compounds in Aged Garlic Extract Ameliorate Glucose
Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Attenuating Oxidative Stress,
Cardiac Fibrosis, and Cardiac Apoptosis
Authors: Sharma Kumkum , Rani Vibha
Published: February 2023

Background:

Diabetic cardiomyopathy has emerged as a major cause of cardiac fibrosis,
hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure due to uncontrolled glucose metabolism in patients
with diabetes mellitus. However, there is still no consensus on the optimal treatment to prevent
or treat the cardiac burden associated with diabetes, which urges the development of dual antidiabetic
and cardioprotective cardiac therapy based on natural products. This study investigates the
cardiotoxic profile of glucose and the efficacy of AGE against glucose-induced cardiotoxicity in
H9c2 cardiomyocytes.

Methods:

The cellular metabolic activity of H9c2 cardiomyocytes under increasing glucose concentration
and the therapeutic efficacy of AGE were investigated using the MTT cell cytotoxicity assay.
The in vitro model was established in six groups known as 1. control, 2. cells treated with 25
μM glucose, 3. 100 μM glucose, 4. 25 μM glucose +35 μM AGE, 5. 100 μM glucose + 35 μM AGE,
and 6. 35 μM AGE. Morphological and nuclear analyses were performed using Giemsa, HE, DAPI,
and PI, respectively, whereas cell death was simultaneously assessed using the trypan blue assay. The
antioxidant potential of AGE was evaluated by DCFH-DA assay, NO, and H202 scavenging assay.
The activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase were also investigated.
The antiglycative potential of AGE was examined by antiglycation assays, amylase zymography, and
SDS PAGE. These results were then validated by in silico molecular docking and qRTPCR.

Results:

Hyperglycemia significantly reduced cellular metabolic activity of H9c2 cardiomyocytes,
and AGE was found to preserve cell viability approximately 2-fold by attenuating oxidative, fibrosis,
and apoptotic signaling molecules. In silico and qRTPCR studies confirmed that organosulfur
compounds target TNF-α, MAPK, TGF-β, MMP-7, and caspase-9 signaling molecules to ameliorate
glucose-induced cardiotoxicity.

Conclusion:

AGE was found to be an antidiabetic and cardioprotective natural product with exceptional
therapeutic potential for use as a novel herb-drug therapy in the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy
in future therapies.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Curcumin Effectively Mitigate Freund’s Adjuvant-
induced Arthritis via their Anti-inflammatory and Gene Expression
of COX-1, IL-6 and IL-4
Authors: Ahmed Rania Hamed , Rashad  Ahmed Rasha , Galaly Sanaa Rida , Moustafa Nadia , Abourehab Mohammed Abdelwahab Sayed , Abdelgawad Mohamed Abdelwahab , Ahmed Osama Mohamed , Abdul-Hamid Manal
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of arthritis that damages
joints and can affect the thymus and the spleen. RA is an autoimmune disorder in which the
immune system targets the body’s own tissues. The causes of RA are unknown, although a genetic
link is thought to be involved. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of
curcumin, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and their combination on the disruption of serum cytokines,
ankle joint, thymus and spleen histopathology, and affected genes in complete Freund’s
adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in male and female Wistar rats.

Methods:

Experimental animals were organized into 16 groups (6 animals for each), eight groups
including male rats and the other eight groups including females rats. The groups are normal control,
CMC, curcumin, MSCs, CFA, CFA/curcumin, CFA/ MSCs and the arthritic group treated
with MSCs and curcumin. One subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mL CFA was given to rats into the
right hind leg footpad to induce RA. The arthritic rats were intravenously injected three times
with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and/or treated orally with curcumin daily (100 mg
per kg body weight per day) for 21 days.

Results:

Curcumin and BM-MSCs work together to dramatically (P < 0.05) restore the high serum
PGE2 and IL-17 levels and lower the IL-13 level in arthritic rats to normal levels. Deleterious
effects on the spleen and thymus histological structure were counteracted. Gene expression
of COX-1 and IL-6 was increased and IL-4 was decreased; these changes were improved by the
combination treatment (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Based on these findings, additive therapeutic effects on RA occur from the combined
treatment of curcumin and BM-MSCs compared with their individual use (P < 0.05). Thus,
it can be said that both curcumin and BM-MSCs are effective at reducing inflammation while also
having beneficial effects on the ankle joint, thymus and spleen.