bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroendoscopic Surgery versus Stereotactic Aspiration in the treatment of supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Shuwen , Huang Xin , Fei Xiaobin , Gong Kai , Zhou Xinmin , Gao Heng
Published: October 2022

Background
No consensus has been reached on the superiority between Neuroendoscopic Surgery (NS) versus Stereotactic Aspiration (SA) in the treatment of supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Therefore, this study conducted in-depth analysis and aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NS versus SA for supratentorial ICH.
Methods
We searched for the all-relevant studies systematically from English databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Two independent researchers identified and selected these literatures that met the inclusion criteria. Then we evaluated the quality of these studies according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RevMan 5.4 statistical software was used to conduct this meta-analysis.
Results
Fifteen studies, including 2600 supratentorial ICH patients, were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that NS could effectively reduce the postoperative mortality (P < 0.00001) and increase the hematoma evacuation rate (P < 0.00001). However, no significant difference was found between NS and SA in improving the functional prognosis (P = 0.15). In the aspect of hospital stays (P < 0.00001), no enough evidence could support that SA could shorten the hospital stays better than NS. However, SA had more advantages in shortening operation time (P < 0.00001) and reducing intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.00001). In the aspect of complications, NS could have a positive effect on preventing intracranial infection (P = 0.004). In the subgroup analysis, we found that Initial GCS might be a risk factor affecting prognosis and hematoma volume might be an important factor affecting mortality.
Conclusion
NS might have more advantages than SA in the treatment of supratentorial ICH. However, SA was also an effective alternative for middle-aged and elderly patients. More high-quality studies were needed to verify our conclusions in the future.
Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete Beams Strengthened by CFRP
Authors: Dawood Malak H. , AL-asadi Ali K.
Published: October 2022

The flexural behavior of concrete beams containing recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and strengthened externally by CFRP sheets was discussed in this paper. In the experimental program, twelve concrete beams, 150×200 mm in cross-section over an effective span of 1100 mm, with a tensile reinforcement ratio of 0.9%, with four-point load tested. The beams were subdivided into two groups. The first group consists of four beams, one of them is a control beam with natural aggregate (NA), and the others with different RCA ratios (30%, 50%, and 70%), whereas the second group consists of eight beams with a 50% RCA and uses CFRP sheets to strengthen them in various techniques. The externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) method and externally bonded reinforcement on the groove (EBROG) method were both compared. Generally, the test results showed that the flexural strength of RCA beams decreased significantly from 3% to 10.5% as RCA content increased. While the utilization of CFRP sheets to strengthen specimens led to an increase in the flexural strength of RCA beams, where the rate of increase ranged from 5% to 45.6% for the EBR method and 30.5% to 40.4% for the EBROG method.
Photopatternable and electrically conductive exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet-reinforced SU-8 nanocomposites for electrical lead micropatterning
Authors: Woo Seungpyo , Song Sehwan , Lee Youlim , Lee Woochul , Yoon Sang-Hee
Published: October 2022

There is an ever-increasing demand for polymer-based electrical leads patterned on polymer substrates of any shape to connect two electrical components. Much, however, still remains challenging about electrical leads made of polymer nanocomposites that have high affinity to polymer substrates and outstanding applicability to curved surfaces, unlike metals. This leads to the need for development of photopatternable and electrically conductive polymer nanocomposites and, by extension, comprehensive understanding of the constituent and processes involved in their development. Here, a set of polymer nanocomposites incorporating exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet (xGnP) into SU-8, xGnP/SU-8 nanocomposites, are developed as photopatternable and electrically conductive nanocomposites for electrical lead micropatterning. The inclusion of xGnP, carbon-based conductive nanofiller, is intended to provide electrical conductivity and the use of SU-8, photocurable host polymer, is designed to achieve both patternability and strong adhesion to polymer surfaces. First, the patterning characteristics of xGnP/SU-8 nanocomposites are explored with regard to patterning thickness and patterning error; The dependence of patterning characteristics on xGnP content and UV exposure dose are extensively investigated. Next, we explore an evolution in the electrical conductivity of xGnP/SU-8 nanocomposites with variation of xGnP content to understand their electrical behavior. Finally yet importantly, the applicability of xGnP/SU-8 nanocomposites to electrical lead micropatterning is demonstrated by photopatterning an electrical circuit for light emitting diode (LED) chips using the xGnP/SU-8 nanocomposites on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The findings of this study will contribute to a significant growth of polymer-based electrical leads and better understanding of photopatternable and electrically conductive nanocomposites.
Total Iron and Different Iron Forms Contents Affecting by Soil Characteristics in Vertisols, SE Turkey
Authors: Büyükkılıç Tuba Çınar , Seyrek Ali , Yanardağ Asuman Büyükkılıç , Yanardağ İbrahim Halil , Mermut Ahmet , Cano Angel Faz
Published: October 2022

Iron (Fe) in the soil is a very important element for agricultural applications and the development of plants, which have different forms. The presence of Fe in the rhizosphere is controlled by the activity of Fe forms in the soil and the microorganisms and surrounding root-soil interaction of plants and roots. The objectives of this study were to identify, and to examine their interaction with soil properties in vertisols. The results showed that; FeT contents ranged from 1.17 and 47.71 g kg-1, mean 13.81 g kg-1 › FeD contents 0.18 to 17.85 g kg-1 and mean 7.23 g kg-1 › FeO contents 0.01–0.31 g kg-1 mean 0.18 g kg-1 › FeDTPA contents 0.00–0.17 g kg-1 mean 0.04 g kg-1 › FeP contents 0.00–0.02 g kg-1 mean 0.01 g kg-1. Clay-silt fractions and organic matter had a very powerful impression on Fe forms distribution. FeD, FeDTPA, FeO ve FeP had low quantities. This is thought to be due to insufficient rainfall and some soil characteristics (including high pH, low organic matter, clay texture, and high lime content), as iron is not easily dissolved in the soil. There was a very important relation between clay content, organic matter, silt fractions, and Fe forms in the studied area. There was a positive correlation between soil organic carbon and DTPA-extractable Fe. There was a negative correlation between DTPA-extractable Fe and soil pH, also calcium carbonate content. When total Fe was rised, clay-silt content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) increased in the soil profiles. Especially in Zone 3 has more Fe and Fe contents, the results showed that; There was a very good balance between the different Fe fractions and soil properties. Zone 3 had more total iron contents than the other zones, because of their soil properties. Fe bound by organic sites, water-soluble plus exchangeable Fe and Fe were adsorbed onto oxides (amorphous surfaces) and were positively correlated with the DTPA-extractable Fe.
Interrelationship among substrate utilization, metabolic productions, and housekeeping-related gene expression levels in Mortierella alpina CBS 754.68
Authors: samadlouie hamid reza , Gharanjik Shahrokh , Vatandost Abdolah , Tarvigi Side Maryam Ghasemi
Published: October 2022

Mortierella alpina has been well-known for producing a substantial amount of lipid with considerable amounts of long poly unsaturated fatty acid. A combination of excess carbon with nitrogen-limited substrates supplemented with magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) were used to assay their effects on lipid and dry weight biomass of Mortierella alpina CBS 754.68 productions and subsequently, the expressions of 10 possible candidate housekeeping genes during the fermentation time. The results indicated that proteins were completely used up over the early stage of the fermentation and, as a result, DWB steadily declined at the end of the fermentation time, while in medium with MgONPs, Mortierella alpina stayed at the growth phase during the fermentation time. GeNorm and BestKeeper software were used to analyze statistically the data of Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) of 10 possible candidate housekeeping genes. Ultimately, actin was rated as a best housekeeping gene candidate when Mortierella alpina experienced both growth and death phases, on the other hand dihydropteridine reductase and 28s were realized as suitable ones when Mortierella alpina stayed in a growth phase.
Selective detection of Fe 3+ ion using Zn 2 TiO 4 through fluorescence quenching probes
Authors: JOSEYPHUS R. SELWIN , PUSHPARAJAN J. , AKANSHA M. , JOHNSON K. , ANJANA P. M. , ARISH D.
Published: October 2022

In the present work, rutile-free Zn2TiO4 has been synthesized by the solid-state method using TiO2 as hydrated titania and ZnO of 1:2 molar ratio. The reaction mixture was calcined at different temperature ranges 550 oC to 950 oC. The phase evolution was identified by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the material, which showed irregular micron-sized and aggregated particles. Upon calcination at 950 oC, rutile-free, pure cubic Zn2TiO4 was obtained as evidenced by the aforementioned spectral analysis. The optical bandgap of the calcined products was calculated using UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectra, which were found to be in the range of 3.55 to 3.85 eV. The fluorescent emission characteristics of the Zn2TiO4, and their quenching effects by adding various metal ions, owing to the formation of complexes between the metal ions and the surface of the Zn2TiO4, were investigated. The sensing properties were also evaluated using the standard Stern–Volmer quenching model. The results showed that Zn2TiO4 possesses high sensitivity and selectivity towards iron ions.
Effects of a new thrombolytic compound LT3001 on acute brain tissue damage after focal embolic stroke in rats
Authors: Jiang Yinghua , Ji Yang , Zhou Iris Yuwen , Liu Ning , Sun Phillip Zhe , Ning Mingming , Dumont Aaron S. , Wang Xiaoying
Published: October 2022

LT3001 is a novel synthetic small molecule with thrombolytic and free radical scavenging activities. In this study, we tested the effects of LT3001 as a potential alternative thrombolytic in focal embolic ischemic stroke rat model. Stroke rats received intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg LT3001 or tPA at 1.5, 3 or 4.5 hours after stroke, respectively, and all outcomes were measured at 24 hours after stroke. We performed multi-parametric MRI, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and neurological severity score. Lastly, we assessed the effect of LT3001 on tPA activity in vitro, international normalized ratio (INR), and serum levels of active tPA and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). LT3001 treated at 1.5 hours after stroke is neuroprotective by reducing the CBF lesion size, lowering diffusion and T2 lesion size measured by MRI. Non-TTC-stained infarction was also reduced. When treated at 3 hours after stroke, LT3001 had significantly better therapeutic effects regarding reduction of infarct size, swelling rate and hemorrhagic transformation compared to tPA. When treated at 4.5 hours after stroke, tPA, but not LT3001, significantly increased brain swelling and intracerebral hemorrhagic transformation. Lastly, LT3001 did not interfere tPA activity in vitro, or significantly alter INR, serum levels of active tPA and PAI-1 in vivo. Our data suggests that LT3001 is neuroprotective in focal embolic stroke rat model. It might have thrombolytic property, not interfere tPA/PAI-1 activity, and cause less risk of hemorrhagic transformation compared to conventional tPA. Taken together, LT3001 might be developed as a novel reagent for treating thrombotic ischemic stroke or combination thrombolytic therapy with tPA.
Comparison of three artificial rumen systems for rumen microbiome modeling
Authors: Shaw Claire A , Park Yuna , Gonzalez Maria , Pandey Pramod K , Brooke Charles G , Hess Matthias
Published: October 2022

Background
The rumen contains a complex mixture of microbes, which are crucial for ruminant health and feed fermentation. During the fermentation process some of the feed-derived carbon becomes carbon dioxide and methane, which are released into the atmosphere where they act as greenhouse gases and contribute to climate change. There is growing interest in reducing the loss of feed-derived carbon and making it available to the animal, improving animal productivity, while also reducing the carbon footprint of the ruminant industry. To this end, artificial rumen systems (ARS) have been used for evaluating novel feed additives for their effect on the rumen microbiome and rumen function prior to conducting resource intensive animal trials. Whereas ARS are capable of predicting the response of the rumen and its microbiome, it is unclear how accurately different in vitro systems simulate the natural system and how results compare between the artificial systems that are being employed. Here we evaluated physical, chemical and microbiome metrics of three ARS over five days and compared them to those metrics in the in vivo rumen.
Results
Over a 48 hrs sampling period, the batch style platform (Ankom) was able to replicate pH, volatile fatty acid profile, and bacterial and fungal microbiome of the in vivo rumen, but its accuracy of mimicking in vivo metrics dropped significantly beyond 48 hrs. In contrast, the semi-continuous RUSITEC models, RUSITEC PP and RUSITEC prime, were able to mimic the volatile fatty acid profile and microbiota of the in vivo rumen for up to 120 hrs of rumen simulation. Comparison of gas production across vessel types demonstrated that the semi-continuous RUSITEC platforms display less variability among vessel replicates and time compared to the Ankom system.
Conclusions
In this study, we found that three widely used ARS were able to simulate the rumen ecosystem adequately for the first 48 hrs, with predictions from the more advanced semi-continuous ARS being more accurate when simulations extended over 48 hrs. Findings of this study will help to select the appropriate in vitro system for evaluating the response of the complex rumen microbiome to feed additives. Further work is necessary to improve the capabilities of these platforms and to standardize the methodology for large-scale application.
The Crosstalk Between CTNNB1 Mutation and M2 Macrophages Contribute to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Suppressive Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Luo Yong-gang , Xu Zhong-neng , Wang Qi , Zhao Jian-qiang
Published: October 2022

Objective:Mutations in the CTNNB1 gene was the second most common mutation after TP53 in HCC. However, the CTNNB1 mutation and tumor immune microenvironment of HCC have not been clarified.
Materials and Methods: We compared the CTNNB1 mutation frequency and hotspot site in China Pan-cancer (OrigiMed2020) and TCGA PanCancer Atlas cohort via cBioPortal database. The differentially expressed genes and corresponding function enrichment analysis between CTNNB1 mutation and non-mutation was detected by DESeq2 and MetaScape database, respectively. We also analyzed the association between CTNNB1 mutation status and drug sensitivity based on the RNAactDrug and DREIMT database.
Furthermore, we explored the genetic alteration score, infiltration of immune cell, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy under CTNNB1 mutation status by means of IPS and TIDE methods. Besides, gene module associated with CTNNB1 mutation and M2 immune cell were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Besides, we integrated differently expressed genes and gene modules associated crosstalk CTNNB1 mutation and M2 immune cell to seek targeted genes for CTNNB1-mutated HCC.
Results:There are obvious differences in CTNNB1 mutation frequency and mutation hotspots between European-American and Chinese patients with HCC. CTNNB1 mutation significantly altered Wnt signaling pathway score and he sensitivity to drugs, such as Nutlin-3 and PHA-665752. High TMB, microsatellite instability, neoantigen loads, intratumor heterogeneity score, number of segments, and homologous recombination defects score were significantly increased in CTNNB1 mutations group. Besides, Cibersort, EPIC, quantiseq, and xcell immune method suggested M2-type macrophages are significantly enriched in CTNNB1-mutated HCC. Interestingly, CTNNB1-mutated HCC showed a low level in immune checkpoint signature score.
11 gene modules were identified by WGCNA. Of them, we focused on MEmagenta (Gene modules positively correlated to CTNNB1 mutation and M2 macrophage) and MEbrown gene module (Gene modules negatively correlated to CTNNB1 mutation and M2 macrophage). Targeting pathways such as Wnt signaling and leukocyte activation were promising therapeutic strategy for CTNNB1-mutant HCC.
Conclusion:CTNNB1 plays an important role in the initiation and progression of HCC. Our results may provide novel insights for the selection of immunotherapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for CTNNB1-mutant HCC.
CD8α+ cDC1s integrate cell death signals to initiate inflammatory T cell immunity to dietary antigens following reovirus infection
Authors: Jabri Bana
Published: October 2022

Most gastrointestinal viral infections are cleared without disrupting homeostatic responses and promoting immunopathology. However, there are also reports showing that viral infections promote loss of oral tolerance to dietary antigens and the development of celiac disease (CeD)1,2. We identified two strains of reovirus, T1L, and T3D-RV, that infect the gut and induce protective immunity, but differ in their capacity to induce pathogenic responses to dietary antigens as assessed by inhibition of peripheral regulatory T cell differentiation (pTregs) and induction of T-helper-1 (TH1) immunity1. Taking advantage of this infection model, we sought to define the mechanisms through which reovirus T1L infection blocks pTreg differentiation and induces TH1 cells to dietary antigens. At homeostasis, migratory conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) are the key DC subset instructing tolerogenic responses to dietary antigens. Here, we report that following T1L infection, the migratory CD8α+ cDC1 subset is central to the development of TH1 immunity to dietary antigens upon sensing necroptotic epithelial cells via the C-type lectin domain family 9 member (Clec9a). Furthermore, we identified the viral determinants required for the induction of TH1 and discovered that the development of TH1 immunity to dietary antigens is more tightly controlled than the loss of differentiation of pTregs. More specifically, while type-I interferon signaling was sufficient to block differentiation of pTregs, IL-12 production induced upon sensing of necroptotic cells was additionally required for initiation of TH1 immunity. Overall, our work demonstrates a non-redundant role for necroptosis and the migratory CD8α+ cDC1 subset in initiating inflammatory responses to normally innocuous dietary antigens in the context of viral infection.
Videos in der universitären Lehramtsausbildung
Authors: Meier Monique , Kastaun Marit , Ziepprecht Kathrin
Published: October 2022

Videos weisen ein hohes Potenzial für das Lehren und Lernen in Schule und Hochschule auf. Gleichzeitig sind Videoformate vielfältig und schwer abgrenzbar. Auch über Kriterien für qualitativ gute Videos besteht keine finale Einigkeit. Eine Einschätzung der Einsatzmöglichkeiten verschiedener Videoformate und die Beurteilung ihrer Qualität sind aber sowohl für das eigene Lernen als auch für die Auswahl von Videos für den späteren Unterricht für angehende Lehrkräfte wichtig. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden im Beitrag die Vorerfahrungen und Einstellungen zum Lernen mit Erklärvideos sowie die Einstellungen zur hochschuldidaktischen Einbindung von Lehr-Lernvideos von Lehramtsstudierenden mit niedrigem und hohem Studiensemester (N = 184) untersucht. Ergänzend wird qualitativ analysiert, welche Merkmale/Kriterien sie für gute Erklär- und Lehr-Lernvideos anführen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ein hohes Mass an Vorerfahrungen sowie positive Einstellungen gegenüber Erklär-/Lehr-Lernvideos, die insbesondere bei Studierenden in niedrigeren Semestern stärker ausgeprägt sind. Die von den Studierenden genannten Qualitätskriterien lassen sich vorrangig einer Oberflächenstruktur zuordnen. Auf Basis der quantitativen und qualitativen Daten können weiterführende Forschungsansätze und hochschuldidaktische Implikationen abgeleitet werden.
Liability of the Parties in Franchising Due to Pandemic Covid-19
Authors:   President University, Jababeka Education Park, Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara, RT.2/RW.4, Mekarmukti, North Cikarang, Bekasi Regency, West Java 17530, Indonesia, Kristianto Fennieka , Gracia Fidela ,   President University, Jababeka Education Park, Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara, RT.2/RW.4, Mekarmukti, North Cikarang, Bekasi Regency, West Java 17530, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

The occurrence of Covid-19 in recent years provokes a great deal of issues all around the world including Indonesia. It influenced every aspect of life and the most prominent one falls within the economic field. Businesses were dealing with a lot of difficulties and one of them is encountered within the franchising business between the relationship of Indonesian franchisee and foreign franchisor in which a dispute arose within their franchise agreement. This is due to the fact that plenty of restrictions were imposed that cause the Franchisor incapable of importing raw materials for the Franchisee in Indonesia, hence, the Franchisee is unable to start their business here in Indonesia. The Indonesian franchisee has likewise paid a certain amount of the initial fee, thus, the Indonesian franchisee requested a full refund for the delay of the service. Normative legal research is applied in determining the liability of each party and the best possible solution in overcoming the issues within this franchising business. Furthermore, this issue shall be contemplated as hardship instead of force majeure and renegotiation shall be conducted by both parties.
The Enforceability of Digital Contract: A Comparative Analysis on Indonesia and New Zealand Law
Authors:   International Business Law Program, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Ong Jason Pratama
Published: October 2022

The age of digitalization has impacted paper contracts as it is being replaced by digital contracts. Therefore, not understanding the different interpretation of digital contracts in both countries could result in a flawed contract. A flawed contract could make it difficult and confusing for the party concerned to meet their end which could lead to a breach of contract. The injured party would then demand damages, specific performance, cancellation, or restitution. This paper intends to provide a comparative analysis and explanation about the enforceability of digital contracts within the New Zealand and Indonesian contract law. The research method used in this paper is normative legal research with comparative legal research. New Zealand and Indonesian law have some similarities but there are differences that still need to be considered in order to ensure the enforceability of digital contracts.
Establishing A Limited Liability Company: A Comparative Analysis on Singaporean and Indonesian Law
Authors:   International Business Law Program, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Maria Felicia , Prisandani Ulya Yasmine ,   International Business Law Program, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339
Published: October 2022

The government in each country sets different requirements in order to establish a limited liability company in their country. This paper aims to do a comparative analysis on the requirements needed in order to establish a limited liability company in Indonesia and Singapore, both private company and public company, and further analyze which countries’ requirements are easier. The legal research method used in this paper is doctrinal legal research that focuses on elaborating the laws and regulations applicable. The requirement to establish a company is easier in Singapore in terms of shareholders and capital requirements, and easier in Indonesia in terms of directors and company secretary.
Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase and Prospects For Therapy in Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Fretland Donald J. , Pitzele Barnett S. , Connor Jane R. , Currie Mark G. , Manning Pamela T.
Published: October 2022

Nitric oxide is synthesized enzymatically from arginine in numerous tissues and cell types by three_distinct isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Two of these isoforms are expressed in a constitutive manner (cNOS) predominantly in the vascular endothelium (eNOS, type III NOS) and in the nervous system (nNOS, type I NOS)
and function in the maintenance of normal homeostasis. Under normal physiological conditions, these constitutive isoforms of NOS generate low levels of nitric oxide in response to increases in intracellular calcium concentrations. The expression of the third form (iNOS, type II NOS) is induced by endotoxin and/or inflammatory cytokines and generates high levels of nitric oxide over long periods of time. The excessive production of nitric oxide, generated either by iNOS or by the sustained activation of nNOS, elicits cellular cytotoxicity and tissue damage and is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of human disease states. The development of selective inhibitors of iNOS and/or nNOS offers the potential of blocking the synthesis of a major injurious agent, nitric oxide, and ultimately reducing tissue damage during states of chronic inflammation or prolonged elevations in cytosolic calcium. In this review, the selective inhibition of the various isoforms of NOS is examined by structure activity relationships as unique targets for drug research and therapeutic intervention in a variety of disease states.
Signal Transduction Targets Involved in Fibroproliferative Vascular Diseases
Authors: Molloy Christopher J.
Published: October 2022

Proliferation and directed migration of vascular cells are key components in fibroproliferative vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the control of vascular cell proliferation or migration at the tissue level remain largely undefined. Molecules contributing to these processes are elaborated by distinct cell types and act in both autocrine and paracrine modes. They include
two broad classes, polypeptide growth factors and vasoactive G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists. Examples of the former, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), bind to and activate cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases, initiating intracellular biochemical signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation or migration. In contrast, recent evidence suggests that vasoactive GPCR agonists [e.g. angiotensin II (All), endothelin-1 (ET-I), a- thrombin] elicit cell growth indirectly by inducing the production of autocrine or paracrine factors in vascular cells. This review summarizes recent studies on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in vascular smooth muscle cell growth control as well as provides information on possible therapeutic targets in this active area of vascular biological research.
Modified Release of Acetaminophen from Matrix Tablet Formulations:
Influence of Tablet Geometry
Authors: Siamidi Angeliki , Konstantinou Anna , Pavlou Panagoula , Siamidis Ioannis , Vlachou Marilena
Published: October 2022

Background:

Acetaminophen (APAP) or paracetamol is a widely used over-the-counter, analgesic
(common conditions treated include headaches, backache, toothache, muscle aches, arthritis, sore
throat etc.) and antipyretic drug. It can be administered orally, in the form of a tablet (plain, effervescent,
orodispersable, etc.) or liquid, rectally in the form of a suppository or by injection (intravenously or intramuscularly).
It is well absorbed orally with a plasma elimination half-life ranging from 1 to 4 h. The
modified release oral formulation can prolong its therapeutic effects by maintaining APAP average plasma
concentrations.

Objective:

In the context of this work, two APAP formulation tablets with different geometries were produced
from standard pharmaceutical excipients to investigate the role of altered tablet geometry in modified
oral drug delivery.

Methods:

APAP tablets were prepared by direct compression, using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
(HPMC K15M), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, MW: 55,000) and magnesium stearate, as ingredients. The
release profiles were probed in aqueous dissolution media (pH 1.2 and 6.8) to simulate the conditions in
the gastrointestinal tract in a United States Pharmacopeia (USP) dissolution paddle apparatus II and analyzed
using an ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer (λmax = 244 nm).

Results:

The results indicated that the tablets were within the acceptable range of all evaluation parameters
(tablet dimensions, drug content, weight variation, and breaking force) as defined by the international
standards stated in the US Pharmacopoeia. The dissolution results showed that the APAP’s release profile
was controlled by the tablets’ different geometries and, specifically the surface area (SA) and the surface
area/volume (SA/V) ratio of the different tablets. The tablets with smaller SA/V ratios and SA showed
slower drug release, indicative of a modified release motif.

Conclusion:

Altered tablet geometry plays an important role in APAP-modified oral drug delivery.
Cerebellar Hemangioblastomas in a High-risk Pregnancy: A Case Report
and Review of Literature
Authors: Wang Xue , Liu Yang , Song Da-Ping
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Hemangioblastomas are highly vascular benign tumors that may increase in
size during pregnancy. The concurrence of cerebellar hemangioblastoma in high-risk pregnancy is
extremely rare and the treatment in this situation can be challenged.

Case:

Here, we report a case of a 30-year-old woman in the 33rd PW who had experienced a severe
headache, dizziness, vomiting, and limb weakness. Cesarean section was performed in the 34th PW,
followed by neurosurgery under multidisciplinary discussion.

Discussion:

The pathological exam suggested hemangioblastomas. Finally, both the pregnancy and the
fetus had a good outcome.

Conclusion:

This case emphasizes that the timing of surgery should be determined according to the
neurological symptoms of the pregnancy and the gestational age (GA) and condition of the fetus.
Hybrid Microfluidic-Flow Injection System for Determining Copper(II) in
Aqueous Solution by Homemade Microfluidic-Chip
Authors: Farhood Ahmed S. , Taha Dakhil N.
Published: October 2022

Background:

A new technique was designed for determining copper in an aqueous solution. Copper was determined by a hybrid system microfluidic coupled with flow injection. The homemade microfluidic chip (MFC) is used for injecting copper and 2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (2,9DMP) reagent as a merging zone technique, whereas uric acid is used as a reducing agent and carrier.

Methods:

A microfluidic chip was made by a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) laser machine using the AutoCAD application for the study of copper by the hybrid system. The chip contains two microchannels with a volume of 60 μL for copper(II) and 2,9DMP reagent. As a carrier solution and reducing agent, 40 mg/L of uric acid was pumped at a flow rate of 5.2 mL/min. Conditions of the coupled technique and analyses were measured at 454 nm.

Results:

This system's approach has a linear range, a detection limit (S/N=3), and a quantitation limit (S/N=10) at 0.1-25 mg/L (r2 0.9979), 0.03 and 0.09 mg/L, respectively. Also, repeatability of analyses (n=7) with an average RSD of 0.97 % for concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 mg/L. The dispersion coefficients were 1.977, 1.789, and 1.555 for the three concentrations 5,10, and 20 mg/L, respectively. The recovery of copper in the aqueous solution was estimated to be 103.5%. Dead volume and throughput were zero and 62 per hour, respectively. Sandell’s sensitivity and molar absorptivity were 2.467×10-3 µg/cm2 and 1.947×105 L/mol cm, respectively.

Conclusion:

The analysis in the novel hybrid microfluidic-flow injection system is efficient, simple, and fast, and it can be used to determine the concentration of copper in an aqueous solution. The homemade microfluidic chip is a low-cost component that uses only an small volume of copper and reagent during analysis.
Nutraceuticals: A Promising Approach Towards Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Bajaj Sakshi , Gupta Sumeet
Published: October 2022

Background:

Various nutraceuticals from different sources have various beneficial
actions and have been reported for many years. The important findings from the research
conducted using various nutraceuticals exhibiting significant physiological and pharmacological
activities have been summarized.

Methods:

An extensive investigation of literature was done using several worldwide electronic
scientific databases like PUBMED, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, etc. The
entire manuscript is available in the English language that is used for our various compounds
of interest. These databases were thoroughly reviewed and summarized.

Results:

Nutraceuticals obtained from various sources play a vital role in the management of
peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes. Treatment with nutraceuticals has been beneficial
as an alternative in preventing the progression. In particular, in vitro and in vivo studies
have revealed that a variety of nutraceuticals have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties that may inhibit the early diabetes-driven molecular mechanisms that induce
DPN.

Conclusion:

Nutraceuticals obtained from different sources like a plant, an animal, and marine
have been properly utilized for the safety of health. In our opinion, this review could be
of great interest to clinicians, as it offers a complementary perspective on the management of
DPN. Trials with a well-defined patient and symptom selection have shown robust pharmacological
design as pivotal points to let these promising compounds become better accepted
by the medical community.
Basic Guidelines for Bacteriophage Isolation and Characterization
Authors: Samir Safia
Published: October 2022

The world is on the cusp of a post-antibiotic period. A century ago, before the
advent of antibiotics, bacteriophage therapy was the treatment of choice for bacterial infections.
Although bacteriophages have yet to be approved as a treatment in Western medicine,
researchers and clinicians have begun to anticipate phage therapy. Bacteriophages are
viruses that depend on bacterial cell metabolism to multiply. They offer a promising alternative
to the use of antibiotics and an excellent antibacterial option for combating multidrug
resistance in bacteria. However, not every phage is suitable for phage therapy. In particular,
prophages should not be used because they can lysogenize host cells instead of lysing
them. To offer adequate therapeutic options for patients suffering from various infectious
diseases, a wide selection of different phages is needed. While there is no evidence of
direct toxicity induced by phage particles, it is crucial to study mammalian cell–phage interactions.
This requires phage preparations to be free of bacterial cells, toxins and other
compounds to avoid skewing host responses. Negative staining of purified viruses and
electron microscopy remain the gold standard in the identification of bacteriophages. Interestingly,
genomics has greatly changed our understanding of phage biology. Bacteriophage
genome sequencing is essential to obtain a complete understanding of the bacteriophages'
biology and to obtain confirmation of their lifestyle. Full genetic sequencing of bacteriophage
will enable a better understanding of the phage-encoded proteins and biomolecules
(especially phage lytic enzymes) involved in the process of bacterial cell lysis and death.
Mass spectrometry can be used for the identification of phage structural proteins. The use
of lytic phages as biocontrol agents requires the most appropriate and standard methods to
ensure application safety. This review pursues recent research and methods in molecular
biology for the isolation and characterization of phages to facilitate follow-up and implementation
of work for other researchers. Patents related to this topic have been mentioned
in the text.
The Metal-Free Regioselective Deuteration of 2-Methylquinolin-8-ol and
2,5-Dimethylquinolin-8-ol, Spectroscopic and Computational Studies
Authors: Nycz Jacek Eugeniusz , Szala Marcin , Małecki Jan Grzegorz , Książek Maria , Kusz Joachim
Published: October 2022

Aim and background:

Introducing deuterium to a molecule is of interest to a wide variety of
research, including investigation of reaction mechanisms or kinetics, analysis of drug metabolism, structural
elucidation of molecules, and syntheses of isotopically labeled materials used for NMR spectroscopy
and medicinal research.

Objective:

The transition-metal-free regioselective deuteration of 2-methylquinolin-8-ol (1a) and 2,5-
dimethylquinolin-8-ol (2a) with ambient reaction conditions and low-cost reagents is described in the
paper.

Methods:

Regioselective H/D isotope exchange has been presented by combining the following techniques
1H NMR, 13C NMR, GC-MS, and X-ray crystallography. The molecular orbitals of the deuterated
molecule 1a have been calculated by density functional theory (DFT) to provide an elucidation of the
isotope exchange.

Result:

The metal-free regioselective green deuteration based on modified Skraup-Doebner-Von Miller
synthesis and water-d2 KOD solution or water-d2 D2SO4 solution of hydroxyquinolines was elaborated.

Conclusion:

The metal-free regioselective green deuteration of hydroxyquinoline-type compounds with
ambient reaction conditions and low-cost reagents provided valuable tools for isotopic labeling. The modified
Skraup-Doebner-Von Miller synthesis of deuterated hydroxyquinolines has the potential to allow
higher deuteration capacity. The presented isotopic exchange reactions also possess synthetic values as
the source of deuterated compounds for the studies of NMR spectroscopy, medicinal research, and drug
discovery processes.
OPTIMIZATION OF COLD SPLICING PARAMETERS IN CONVEYOR BELT JOINTS ON SHEAR STRENGTH USING TAGUCHI METHOD
Authors:   Manufacturing of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Alviari Luana Putri , Choiron Moch Agus ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Tama Ishardita Pambudi ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

In the manufacturing industries, the main problem of material handling process using conveyor belt. Belt that continuously work will have damage or failure, so it repair by cold splicing. The purpose of this study is to see the effect of cold splicing parameters on the shear strength of conveyor belt joints based on variations in the number of belts, bias cut and adhesive thickness. Variations in the number of ply belts used are 2 ply, 3 ply and 4 ply, variations of cut bias 0.3xB, 0.6xB and 0.9xB and variations in the thickness of the adhesive which are 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm. This research was conducted experimentally using the Taguchi method based on shear test data using the Universal Testing Machine. Based on ANOVA value, the number of belt ply was high contribution by 86.22% with F-value = 155.3 and bias cut was lowest contribution by 0.23%.
CLASSIFICATION OF QUANTITATIVE MODEL SCENARIOS IN A CLOSED-LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN USING UNDERLYING FACTORS AND VARIABLES: A RESEARCH REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Adhi Tama Institute of Technology Surabaya, Yuliawati Evi , Pratikto Pratikto ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Sugiono Sugiono ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Novareza Oyong ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

In a closed-loop supply chain area, the concept of sustainability is one of the primary factors that motivates companies to survive in a dynamic market. The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review of quantitative models in the remanufacturing process, especially mathematical models such as pricing decisions and cost models, reviewed from various scientific journals. Challenges to meet market demands, to boost efficient operational costs, and to increase profits have made researchers interested in deeply exploring this issue. Studies in the reverse supply chain area ensure that the supply process runs effectively and efficiently, meeting a level that is as good as when implementing the forward supply chain. Coordination and collaboration among companies, core acquisition strategy, model character behavior, and reverse channel structure are some characteristics of the quantitative models within the area of a closed-loop supply chain. Mapping was arranged to identify the involvement of research variables (core acquisition cost and remanufactured product price) and factors that were considered in the mathematical model of core acquisition (quantity and quality). Furthermore, the related literature on the issue was analyzed based on the involvement of the considered variables and factors. Finally, future research opportunities are presented as the result of the conducted literature review in this study.
LibParlor Online Learning
Authors: Fargo Hailley , Bhat Nimisha , Heinbach Chelsea , Powell Charissa
Published: October 2022

Learning how to conduct research in library and information science is not always a requirement in LIS graduate programs. The result of uneven training impacts librarianship and the ways in which certain voices and research are privileged in our scholarship. This work in progress poster will share the results of an IMLS grant funded national needs assessment wherein we learned about the experiences, educational needs, and institutional constraints of MLIS students and academic library workers pursuing research through a survey and focus groups. The poster will share insights on the experiences of academic library workers and their needs for institutional, educational, and financial support for training and advocacy in LIS research. We will share information about what LIS researchers feel they benefited from their graduate coursework in research methods, as well as ideas for improvement for these courses.
Pandora’s Box:
Authors: Crabtree Lauren
Published: October 2022

In 2017 Florida passed into law House Bill 989, which extended the right to challenge instructional and library materials from traditional stakeholders such as parents and school staff to all Florida residents. Given the recent increase in challenges to diverse materials across the nation, the proposed research seeks to shed light on how the law has impacted self-censorship practices among Florida school media specialists.

Using a mixed-methods approach consisting of surveys of and interviews with Florida school media specialists and informed by Noelle-Neumann’s Spiral of Silence Theory, the proposed research seeks to provide insight into how various factors, including increased political polarization, the rise of parental rights organizations, and the ability of non-stakeholders to challenge school library materials, may influence the propensity of Florida school librarians to engage in self-censorship, particularly concerning LGBTQ+-themed children’s and young adult literature.
From “Mesearch” to “Wesearch”: The Role of Community in Developing Identity-Centric Research
Authors: Winberry Joseph , Gray LaVerne
Published: October 2022

The term “mesearch” has sometimes been used pejoratively to refer to topics of study of personal interest and importance to the individual conducting the research. This paper argues that a valuable research project can emerge from the inherently subjective but also recognizes that the views and experiences of one person are not necessarily representative of others of the same social identity, or community. Using a collaborative autoethnography approach, two researchers from different communities examine their own dissertation journeys, resulting in the conceptualization of three themes (e.g., community presence, social ideation, and group checking) useful in considering what role a person’s social group may serve in the development of identity-centric research. Beyond exploring these themes, the researchers apply the identity-centric perspective to the future of Library and Information Science education, asking what role social identity can serve in developing research that is valuable to community members and to academic literature alike.
On the Importance of ‘Spaciousness’ in LIS
Authors: Pyati Ajit
Published: October 2022

More than two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative that we consider how this context has affected the field of library and information science (LIS).  While the pandemic’s effects can seem endless, I focus specifically on the existential fear the pandemic has generated and its implications for our field.  I link this existential fear particularly with our ability to share physical space together.  To this end, we must reinvigorate concepts such as library as place.  This paper shows how a contemplative focus in our profession can help in this regard.  However, this contemplative focus needs to move beyond Eurocentrism to truly expand the narrative in our field.  As such, I show how vāstu and its focus on inner ‘spaciousness’ can highlight new approaches to not just repair the damage wrought by neoliberalism and the pandemic, but to also find new ways to thrive both individually and collectively.
Informative Storytelling with Provenance Research Sources
Authors: Buchanan Sarah , Bartley Jane E.
Published: October 2022

Provenance has underpinned archival practice in America across the past century, guiding archivists in the arrangement, description, and accessioning of new and legacy collections. Provenance research is a necessary step taken to secure pending donations and title information, and ultimately tell the story of the object’s journey to the current possessor. Across four domains of key interest in the “Developing Extensible Methods for Provenance Research” project, we examine source-specific methods that are most useful to practitioners, and communicate them in an open educational resource (OER) meant to broaden access and awareness of provenance research among administrators and students engaging with collections. Our poster will demonstrate how archival workers seek and then combine information laboriously gathered from photographs, legal documents, and handwritten materials among other resources in creative, inventive, and engaging ways that invite visitors into stories that the objects – if only they are displayed – can tell about our shared pasts and futures. Such information sources can serve a multitude of stakeholder goals, e.g. employing datapoints about transfers and handoffs to encourage object-based learning, transparency, and accountability.