bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AKTIVITAS SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI DESA RANDOMAYANG KECAMATAN BAMBALAMOTU KABUPATEN PASANGKAYU
Authors: Rasyid Suardin Abd. , Amir Andi Mascunra
Published: May 2022

This study aims to, First; explain the pattern of socio-economic activities of the fishing community, Second; explain the factors that influence socio-economic activities in fishing communities in Ramdomayang Village, Bambalamotu District, Pasangkayu Regency. The data in this study were obtained through observation and interviews with a number of informants who were taken purposively. The results of the study show that the socio-economic activities of the fishing community in Randomayang Village include fishing, farming, all of which are still carried out in traditional ways.This causes the socio-economic welfare of fishermen to not experience significant changes to date. In addition, this village also seems that the tradition of cooperation is still quite strongly embedded in the lives of fishermen as part of the socio-cultural system that they adhere to and practice. All of these things, both fishing and farming activities as well as mutual cooperation activities for various purposes and interests color the economic social activities and social interactions of fishermen. The socio-economic activities of the fishing community in this village are predominantly influenced by the physical environment resources, as well as the socio-cultural system of the local community.
PERENCANAAN KOMUNIKASI DINAS KESEHATAN DALAM MENYUKSESKAN PROGRAM VAKSIN COVID-19 DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Alfyaty Rizqy
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the communication planning of the Health Office in the success of the vaccine program in Palu City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study research basis. Using purposive sampling technique to determine the informants in order to obtain twelve (12) people. Data collection methods are observation, in-depth interviews and documentation with data analysis techniques through data reduction, data presentation, and verification/drawing conclusions.

 

The results of this study indicate that the communication planning carried out by the Health Office in the success of the vaccine program in Palu City is: (1) Analyzing the problem by going directly to the community and meeting community leaders, and finding the fact that the public's lack of interest in taking vaccines because of hoax news related to vaccines; (2) Analyzing audiences and formulating communication objectives, by dividing the vaccine program targets through three stages, namely: Phase I: Health Workers; Phase II: State Civil Apparatus (government officials, TNI, and Polres); Phase III: The general public by dividing into several categories, such as people aged between 12-17 years, the elderly, pregnant women, and people with disabilities. (3) Media selection and planning for media production, the Health Service cooperates with UPTD Puskesmas, Palu City Public Relations, and other government sectors to convey information using radio, local TV, banners, billboards, websites, Instagram, Facebook as information channels and also socialize. (4) Messages delivered by the Health Service are informative and persuasive, (5) Planning communication monitoring and evaluation by conducting field visits at vaccine sites and evaluating messages on communication media
PENGARUH DESAIN KOMUNIKASI VISUAL AMIR TAMOREKA CENTER (ATC) TERHADAP CITRA POSITIF KANDIDAT PADA PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH TAHUN 2020 KABUPATEN BANGGAI
Authors: Ramdan Muhamad , Tunggala Suanti , Saadjad Ken Amasita
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to find out whether the influence of visual communication design Amir Tamoreka Center (ATC) on the positive image of banggai regency election candidates with the research time carried out for three months. To collect data used questionnaires and observations. The population in this study is the people of North Luwuk District of Banggai Regency with a population of 10167 must be selected which is registered in the KPU data. The sample in the study using the Slovin formula, which is with a number of 99 must be selected according to the research object. Based on the results of research that the influence of visual communication design Amir Tamoreka Center (ATC) on the positive image of banggai regency election candidates is very good with a percentage of respondents' answers of 88.35%.
Dalalah Lafdzi (Upaya Menemukan Hukum)
Authors: Rosyada Yassirly Amrona
Published: May 2022

Hukum Islam bersumber pada al-Qur'an dan al-Sunnah. Kedua sumber hukum tersebut, sepeninggal Nabi Muhammad tidak berubah ataupun bertambah padahal persoalan yang terjadi di tengah-tengah masyarakat selalu mengalami perubahan. Oleh karenanya, pemahaman yang mendalam tentang sumber-sumber hukum Islam merupakan suatu keniscayaan. Salah satu usaha untuk menemukan hukum ataupun aturan yang terdapat pada sumber-sumber hukum Islam adalah melalui pemahaman dari petunjuk kebahasaan (dalalah al lafdzi). Pemahaman dari petunjuk kebahasaan tidak hanya berupa pemahaman secara tersurat, tapi dapat juga dipahami secara tersirat apa yang terdapat dalam bahasa nash (al-Qur'an atau al-Sunnah). Ada beberapa macam cara atau metode dalam memahami nash melalui petunjuk kebahasaan. Masing-masing cara atau metode mempunyai implikasi pemahaman yang berbeda satu sama lain. Dengan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang petunjuk kebahasaan dengan berbagai macam teori atau cara pemahaman, maka hukum Islam dapat dipahami menuju pada pemahaman yang komprehensif.
Konstruksi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Dalam Fiqh Anggaran Yang Bebasis Akuntansi Syariah
Authors: Arwani Agus
Published: May 2022

The current global economic developments have implications for the welfare state. Limits and strength of the nation-state is fading, dispersed to the locality, independent organizations, civil society bodies supra-national (such as NAFTA or the European Union), and multinational corporations. Iin his book Mishra Globalization and Welfare State that globalization has limited the capacity of the nation-state in conducting social protection. One mode of latent corruption done is to inflate the budget or mark-up budget of raising the budget value than the actual value. Problems in this paper how the economic law of Islam respond to the phenomenon of corruption budget? How urgency and fiqh function of the budget in anticipation of corruption in Indonesia?. Through the budget, organization communicates management plans to all members of the organization, coordinating the activities of various parts of the organization, assigning responsibility to the manager, also obtained a commitment from the manager which is the basis for evaluating the performance of managers. Efforts should be made to anticipate and eradicate corruption in Indonesia, not merely intensified the inspection, investigation and arrest criminals only. Efforts to combat corruption and anticipation is not just by intensifying the campaign to strengthen a person's moral values. But building a budget fiqh ala Indonesia as a system for monitoring and controlling the budget both formal and community mechanisms, it should be held, despite the efforts of relatively still questionable results. It can happen because it will be many challenges and obstacles of the parties who are familiar with corruption. Solutions to uphold the integrity of the zone free / corruption of an institution by using sharia accounting principles in the management of the budget. Concrete forms of accounting shari'ah should be able to present a financial statement or budget management that is based on fairness, honesty, and truth as a form of implementation of the responsibility to fellow human beings and execution of commands (liabilities) of God.
Argumen Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) Dalam Islam
Authors: Rohim Sabrur
Published: May 2022

Indonesia adalah negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar nomor empat sedunia. Di sisi lain, negeri ini juga dikenal sebagai berpenduduk Muslim terbesar di dunia.Oleh karena itu, kehidupan agamis juga identik dengan Indonesia, baik di dalam pikiran, sikap, ataupun tindakan (praksis). Salah satu contoh nyata dalam praksis misalnya, saban tahun Jemaah haji Indonesia adalah yang terbesar jumlahnya secara internasional. Dalam hal diskursus, setiap ragam persoalan nasional sedikit banyak mengait, menghubung, secara langsung atau tidak langsung, dengan agama. Satu contoh kasus dalam hal ini adalah program KB (Keluarga Berencana). Dalam sejarahnya sejak dicanangkan pada 1970-an,kaum Muslim secara umum menentangnya, karena sekilas dianggap bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai agamayang suci dan ilahiah. Ironisnya, arus penolakan berbasis agama itu selepas runtuhnya Orde Baru, seperti mendapatkan momentum, karena memperoleh tambahan amunisi besar berupa argumen “HAM”. Padahal, jika kita menilik ke sejumlah teks atau nash, baik di al-Qur’an maupun hadis, misalnya, ternyata tidaksedikit dalil yang mendukung, baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung, terhadap program KB, yang, celakanya, banyak luput dari pencermatan kaum Muslim pro-natalitas. Sedangkan dari aspek nalar kenegaraan,misalnya, hak asasi dalam soal reproduksi akan berhadapan dengan kepentingan dan kewajiban dalam hal penyediaan sarana dan pra-sarana untuk mensejahterakan seluruh rakyat yang menjadi tugas pemerintah (negara) untuk mewujudkannya. Dalam politik kependudukan suatu negara, diasumsikan bahwajika terjadi ketidakseimbangan antara beban dan kemampuan, maka secara perlahan tetapi pasti negara akan menuju pusaran permasalahan sosial yang kompleks, sehingga kesejahteraan bersama yang diharapkan akan sulit terwujud. Padahal, tujuan terbentuk dan terselenggaranya suatu negara, yang dalam unit terkecilnya adalah keluarga, tidak lain dan tak bukan adalah terwujudnya kesejahteraan manusia, atau dalam bahasa syariahnya ada kemaslahatan (al-mashlahah). Prinsip ini sejalan dengan kaidah bahwa “tasharruf al-imam manuthun bil-mashlahah”, kebijakan pemimpin untuk rakyatnya harus berdasar pada kemaslahatan. Tulisan ini berusaha memberi suatu “pencerahan wawasan”, bahwa dalam konteks nation-state seperti sekarang, penolakan terhadap program KB (baca: kontrol atas populasi) dengan dalih HAM, misalnya, adalah suatu sikap atau cara pandang yang kurang relevans dan lemah secara argumentatif, baik dari sisi doktrin maupun logika.
Objektifikasi Qisas Dan Diyat: Sebuah Tawaran Pembaharuan KUHP
Authors: Sulaiman Akhmad , Ikhlas Nur
Published: May 2022

The reporting media indicates that the killing ceses in Indonesia keep on rise. It means that applying killing criminal law that refers to KUHP is not effective. This condition requires KUHP reforming because the right of human life must be vouched by the government. The criminal law of Indonesia must punish a killer more forceful. The writers offer qisas and diyat to be applied in Indonesia but they have to pass through objectification. According to Kuntowijoyo, objectification is interpreting religion's internal doctrines into objective categories in order to be able to be applied, actualized, and accepted by moslem and nonmoslem. It is research and development that strives for developing Kuntowijoyo's objectification on KUHP reforming. With changing qisas term into die punishment, diyat into compensation for victim's family, and adjusting with objective condition in Indonesia, qisas and diyat will be accepted by every national of Indonesia and become solution of criminal law of Indonesia that is not effective.
Criminal Sanctions As an Eradication Strategy Of Corruption: A Critical Study from the Perspective of Islamic Criminal Law
Authors: Darudin Mohammad
Published: May 2022

The spirit of anti-corruption movement  has been a motion since reformation era in 1998 and the government has issued various policies. Firstly, the policy relating to the substance of the law, the government has passed various laws and ratified international conventions. Secondly, the regulations concerning law enforcement agencies, the government has established the Corruption Eradication Commission, Corruption Crime Court, the Center for Reporting and Analyzing Financial Transactions (PPATK), the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK), and the establishment of internal supervisory bodies. However, these efforts seemingly face failure. The facts show that corruption increases in the executive, legislative and judicial institutions, from the center to the region level. The failure of corruption eradication can be one of the reasons that indicates the formulation of criminal sanctions in Law No. 20/2001 for corruption is weak, not appropriate for the negative impacts of the crime. Consequently, the punishment imposed has no deterrent effect for either the perpetrators or others. It is contrast to the concept of sanctions in Islamic criminal law, sanctions imposed on the perpetrators must be comparable with their evil deeds (Qur'an Surah 42, verse 40), with the aim to benefit for human both individual and collective. According to the Â concept, this article will examine criminal sanctions based on Islamic criminal law as an eradication strategy of corruption. The results of this article can be a consideration for the revision of the framework in formulating criminal sanctions contained in Law No. 20 / 20011 concerning corruption.
Effect Of Young Age in Murder Felony (Comparative Study Between Islamic Jurisprudence and Indonesian Law)
Authors: Haq Islamul , Bedong M. Ali Rusdi , Syatar Abdul
Published: May 2022

This research was a comparative study on the effect of young age in the crime of murder between Islamic jurisprudence and Indonesian law. The presence of children around us needs attention, especially with regard to their behavior, which is out of control. the phenomenon of their deviation is one of the negative social phenomenon which required protection, guidance and education. According to previous studies, children who deviated and were not controlled would become a criminal when he reaches adulthood. Nowadays, the children's delinquency is widely spread, they are involved in committing crimes such as drugs, theft, fighting, and increased to murder. This research will focus on the murder committed by under age children, because murder is a very dangerous crime to the indivdual life and is one of the law violation againts the five  principles of shariah (daruriyat al khamsah).
Menakar Progresivitas Hukum Wakaf dalam Pengembangan Wakaf Uang di Indonesia
Authors: Efendi Mansur
Published: May 2022

This study explained the progressivity of waqf law in Indonesia, especially cash waqf development. The progressivity of waqf law is good enough to respond to global challenges or field needs. The progressivity of waqf law in Indonesia can be observed from the development of waqfs act regulations from pre-independence era until the post-reformation era. In cash waqf, there is fundamental law progressivity. It marked by act No. 44 year 2004 about waqf. Those act described new paradigm must be built on waqf management in Indonesia.  Furthermore, those act also gave a space for cash waqf as a part of waqf development in Indonesia. Another progressivity which appeared in those act is waqf treasure object. Act No. 44 year 2004 confirmed that waqf treasure object is not only immovable object,  as public understanding, but also applied on the movable object. Furthermore, the progressivity of waqf law has reached on waqf management and its institutional aspect. At least, this progressivity described collective awareness on the strategic role of waqf in Indonesias economics.
Implementasi Keputusan Munas Tarjih tentang Zakat Profesi pada Amal Usaha Muhammadiyah di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Wagiyem Wagiyem
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi Keputusan Munas Tajih tentang zakat profesi pada amal usaha Muhammadiyah di Kota Pontianak. Kajian ini digolongkan sebagai penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan nara sumber Pengurus Wilayah Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Barat, Pengurus Daerah Muhammadiyah Kota Pontianak, Pimpinan Amal Usaha Muhammadiyah di Kota Pontianak, dan Pengurus Lembaga Amil Zakat. Hasil kajian ini adalah bahwa kebijakan persyarikatan Muhammadiyah Wilayah Kalimantan Barat/ Derah Kota Pontianak adalah meneruskan kebijakan pemotongan gaji pegawai di amal usaha Muhammadiyah sebagai zakat, infak dan shadaqah (zis), mengeluarkan instruksi agar dana zis yang dihimpun oleh AUM diseteorkan kepada Lazismu. Pengelolaan ziswah pada AUM di Kota Pontianak, bervariasi dan mengalami perkembangtan dari waktu ke waktu. Ada yang didistribusikan secara internal, ada pula yang awalnya didistribusikan secara internal tetapi selanjutnya sudah pula didistribusikan secara eksternal. Sejak adanya instruksi Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Barat, sebagian besar AUM telah menyetorkan zakat, infak, dan shadaqah kepada Lazismu yang didistribusikan untuk kebutuhan mendesak dan kegiatan produktif sesuai dengan pedoman yang dikeluarkan oleh Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah. Secara umum tidak ada kendala yang dihadapi dalam implementasi keputusan Munas Tarjih pada amal usaha Muhammadiyah di Kota. 
Kata Kunci: zakat profesi, tarjih, amal usaha Muhammadiyah.
ABSTRACT
This study examines the implementation of the Munas Tajih Decree on the profession zakat of the Muhammadiyah charity in Pontianak City. This study is classified as field research with resource from Muhammadiyah Regional Board of West Kalimantan, Muhammadiyah Regional Executive of Pontianak City, Head of Muhammadiyah Business Charity in Pontianak City, and Amil Zakat Institution Board. The result of this study is that the Muhammadiyah Regional Policy of West Kalimantan / Derah Pontianak is to continue the policy of employee salary deduction in charitable efforts of Muhammadiyah as zakat, infak and shadaqah (zis), issuing instructions to fund zis collected by AUM disetited to Lazismu. The management of ziswah in AUM in Pontianak City varies and develops from time to time. Some are internally distributed, some are initially distributed internally but are subsequently distributed externally. Since the instruction of the Muhammadiyah Regional Leadership of West Kalimantan, most AUM have deposited zakat, infaq and shadaqah to the distributed Lazismu for urgent needs and productive activities in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Muhammadiyah Central Executive. In general, there are no obstacles faced in the implementation of the Munas Tarjih decision on the Muhammadiyah business charity in the City.
Keywords: zakat profesi, tarjih, Muhammadiyah charity efforts.
Pengupahan Buruh Panen Padi di Desa Pagersari, Mungkid, Magelang (Analisis Hukum Islam)
Authors: Yanti Aprilia Risma
Published: May 2022

Wage of paddy labors in villages is mostly based on heredity habits. This practice occurs continuously in muamalah activities as in Pagersari village, Mungkid, Magelang. This research aims to analyze the wage of paddy labors in Pagersari village by looking at the condition of the people who do not understand the conformity of the practice with the  Islamic law rules about wage. The method used in this research was descriptive analysis with qualitative approach. The data collection techniques were using interviews, field studies, and documentation studies. Meanwhile the data analysis techniques covered the data reduction, the data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This research was done by people who practice the wage of paddy labors. The result of the research shows that those practices according to Islamic law are categorized in fikih muamalah; that is ijarah based on works (ijarah ala al amal) which has been fulfilled the contract basis (rukun akad). The wage received is bawon gabah with the comparison system 12:1, 13:1, and 14:1 from the harvest which is divided between the laborers and the farmers in kilogram units. The wage is categorized ajrul misli; that is worth it with the works and the working conditions. As seen from the appropriateness in Islamic law, the wage practice has fulfilled the worthiness and virtue elements. It just has not fulfilled the element of justice in the form of transparency in the distribution of wage in the balance.
Kajian Metodologis Terhadap Fatwa MUI Tentang Rokok
Authors: Firmansyah Heri
Published: May 2022

Salah satu yang dihasilkan oleh ijtima Ulama Komisi Fatwa se-Indonesia III yang di adakan oleh MUI pada tahun 2009 di Padang Pajang adalah fatwa mengenai rokok. Di dalam fatwa yang dikeluarkan MUI, ada tiga poin ketentuan hukum mengenai hukum rokok, yaitu pertama mereka sepakat akan adanya perbedaan mengenai hukum merokok yaitu antara makruh dan haram. Kedua, peserta ijtima sepakat memberikan amanah kepada MUI Pusat untuk menetapkan fatwa kemakruhan atau keharaman rokok. Ketiga, dalam ijtima' ulama tersebut disepakati bahwa hukum merokok haram bagi empat hal yaitu merokok di tempat umum, bagi anak-anak, bagi wanita hamil dan bagi pengurus Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Artikel ini berupaya untuk meneliti fatwa MUI tersebut dari sisi metodologinya.
Abstract
One of the results produced by Ijtima' Ulama of the Indonesian Fatwa Commission III which was held by the MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council) in 2009 in Padang Pajang was a fatwa concerning smoking. In the fatwa issued by the MUI, there are three points in the legal provisions regarding the cigarette law, namely first they agreed that there would be a difference regarding the smoking law, namely between makruh and haram. Secondly, the ijtima participants agreed to give the mandate to the Central MUI to establish a fatwa for the makruh or haram of smoking. Third, the ijtima' ulama agreed that smoking law is illegal for four things, namely smoking in public places, for children, for pregnant women and for the members of the Indonesian Ulema Council. This article seeks to examine the MUI fatwa in terms of its methodology.
Islamic Family Law Reform: Early Marriage and Criminalization (A Comparative Study of Legal Law in Indonesia and Pakistan)
Authors: Abubakar Fatum
Published: May 2022

In this paper I want to compare of legal law in Indonesia and Pakistan about early marriage. In Indonesia, marriage law No. 1/ 1974 explained that the limit of age of marriage is sixteen (16) years for women and nineteen (19) years for men. In Pakistan, after the 1961 MFLO amendment, Pakistan established the minimum age of marriage under the Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929, is eighteen (18) years for men and sixteen (16) years for women. In addition to Law No. 1 of 1974, in Indonesia, the KHI is clearly repeating Article 15 Paragraph (2), for candidates who have not reached the age of 21 years, they must obtain permission as provided in Article 6 Paragraph (2), (3), (4), and (5) of Law No. 1 year 1974. Otherwise, in Indonesia this regulation is slower than other perversions country that I mention. The questions in this paper are; first, why does the legislation of Indonesia provides dispensation of marriage in the Court for prospective couples under the age of marriage? Second, why does Pakistan's legislation give prison sanctions and penalties for married couples under the age of marriage? Thirdly, why does the legislation of Indonesia and Pakistan implement different determination of law for early marriage? The conclusion; if both prospective brides are still below the minimum age for marriage, the parents of the two brides-to-be may submit a marriage dispensation in a religious court. Dispensation of this marriage is regulated in Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation No. 3 year 1975, specifically for people who are Moslems. This matter the marriage law also provides an outlet as a solution if the minimum age requirement is not met. Otherwise, In Pakistan, Historically; the marriage of children is in conflict between those who feel established and those who want change by reforming their family law. So, MFLO 1961 came out of the outcome of the change of the Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929 to sanction marriage with fines and imprisonment for married couples who are married under the minimum age set for marriage. Even sanctions are given for parents, guardian, and marriage organizers as well as even more than the sanctions given to his son. Even if the renewal of Islamic law in the Indonesia have been done. Indonesia is somewhat late in doing Islamic law reform than Pakistan.
Monodualistik Penanganan Tindak Pidana Pelecehan Seksual Perspektif Pembaharuan Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia
Authors: Susila Jaka
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana penanganan kasus kejahatan pelecehan seksual (2) Untuk mengetahui sejauhmana negara dalam mengedepankan perlindungan hak bagi korban pelecehan seksual (3) Untuk mengetahui gagasan dasar perlindungan hukum terhadap korban kejahatan pelecehan seksual sebagai proses dalam pembaharuan hukum acara pidana (KUHAP) di Indonesia.
Metode  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode analisis-deskriptif (analytical-descriftif method). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) an sich yang bersifat literer,  sekaligus bersifat field research (penelitian lapangan). Sifat library research artinya penelitian ini akan didasarkan pada data tertulis yang  berkaitan dengan kejahatan asusila atau seksualitas.
Hasil penelitian pada penanganan kasus pelecehan seksual menunjukkan bahwa belum sepenuhnya memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku pelecehan seksual. Hal ini menjadi perhatian penting bagi penanganan korban pelecehan seksual sehingga tidak hanya menjadi langkah kuratif namun juga preventif dengan menekan niat pelaku pelecehan seksual. Dalam hal lain, sistem perlindungan hukum yang saat ini berjalan terhadap korban belum sepenuhnya mengembalikan luka baik psikologis maupun fisik setelah mengalami pelecehan seksual. Hal ini seharusnya menjadi perhatian penting bagi sistem hukum untuk tidak hanya memberikan perlindungan hukum selama proses hukum, namun juga mengembalikan martabat korban seperti sediakala. Oleh karenanya sistem hukum memberikan berbagai rekomendasi yang dapat diusulkan. Diantaranya adalah memberikan bentuk-bentuk sanksi berdasarkan perlakuan ekstern diantaranya yang diusulkan adalah hukuman kebiri serta hukuman rajam. Dimana perlakuan ekstern bertujuan untuk memberikan suatu efek jera. Pandangan lain memasukkan bahwa sistem hukum progresif dimana dalam pandangan ini maka hukum progresif menempatkan korban pelecehan seksual tidak hanya sebagai subjek namun juga menempatkan manusia yang menjadi korban tidak hanya secara fisik namun juga psikologis.
Interpretasi Hadits Nabi Larangan Dua Akad Dalam Satu Transaksi
Authors: Yuliani Marifah
Published: May 2022

This study aims to interpret the hadith "صَفْقَتَيْنِ فِي صَفْقَةٍ". The method used is the method of criticism of sanad, criticism of matan, see the status and quality of the hadith, and analysis using textual, contextual and intercontextual interpretations. The hadith صَفْقَتَيْنِ فِي صَفْقَةٍ cannot be understood through textual because the purpose of this hadith is explained in another hadith. One of the prohibited buying and selling regarding this hadith is the difference between the purchase price of cash and credit. For example, buying and selling socks at 2 prices, ten thousand rupiah in cash or fifteen thousand rupiah in credit. The buyer has received the goods but there is no certainty whether the cash agreement or credit agreement. This is forbidden because it contains gharar (uncertainty, in this case the method of payment). Gharar / taghrir is forbidden in Islam because it causes one party to suffer a loss while the other party gets benefits, so that the purpose of buying and selling is the same willing between the seller and the buyer is not achieved. The solution that is allowed in buying and selling is the certainty of the buyer, choosing the method of payment in cash or credit (so avoiding gharar).
Studi Komparatif Fikih Bencana Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama
Authors: Farkhan Farkhan , Kamsi Kamsi , Asmuni Asmuni
Published: May 2022

The background of the study is the existence of Fiqh Muhammadiyah and Fiqh Nahdlatul Ulama in coping with disaster, in response to the phenomenon of disasters happened in Indonesia, which has taken many victims and caused various losses. Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama are two largest Islamic community organizations in this country, so the way on managing the society is always interesting to study, including FIQH (ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE) of coping the disaster.
Based on the reasons above, the backgrounds of the study are how do muhammadiyah and nahdhatul ulama apply their fiqh (islamic jurisprudence) to cope with disaster? and why do they apply their fiqh?
This study is library research using qualitative design and comparing between the two fiqhs from both Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul ulama. The researcher applies Philosophical approaches, through the term epistemilogi bayani, burhani dan irfani as instruments to clarify the content of both fiqhs to find the answer for both research problems above.
The findings are the guideline and methodhology used both Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul ulama covered in both fiqhs; there are several differences on the Basic conceptions related to beliefs and Aqida; ethical and moral formulations and practical things.
Muhammadiyah Fiqh explained in details regarding with practical procedures and steps of worship in coping with disaster, while Nahdlatul Ulama Fiqh explained only practical guidelines in coping with disaster.
The other finding is related to the triple epistimology. The point of bayani on both fiqhs are relatively similar, same level and size. The point of burhani on Muhammadiyah fiqh gave deeper understanding than Nahdlatul Ulama fiqh. And the point of irfani neither muhammadiyah nor Nahdlatul Ulama seem to use it. The fact of the differences refers to the basic methodology from both organizations; Muhammadiyah refers from verse and hadith, while Nahdlatul Ulama refers from aqwal ulama, although both of them refer to the verse, hadith and the decree of classical ulama (preachers)
Definition and quantification of 3-dimensional imaging targets to phenotype pre-eclampsia subtypes: an exploratory study
Authors: Hermans Sammy , Pilon Jacob , Eschweiler Dennis , Stegmaier Johannes , Severens-Rijvers Carmen , Al-Nasiry Salwan , Zandvoort Marc van , Kapsokalyvas Dimitrios
Published: May 2022

Objective: Pre-eclampsia is a severe placenta related complication of
pregnancy and aetiological knowledge, with limited early diagnostic and
therapeutic options. Phenotyping of native placental three-dimensional
(3D) morphology offers a novel approach to improve our understanding of
the functional and structural placental abnormalities underlying this
clinical syndrome. The aim of this project was to develop a 3D placental
imaging protocol using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) and demonstrate
quantifiable imaging targets for phenotyping 3D features of
pre-eclampsia. Design: Exploratory pilot study. Setting: Single centre,
MUMC. Sample: Formalin fixed placental biopsies from: term control
(n=3), pre-eclampsia (n=3), preterm birth (n=2), 2nd trimester placenta
(n=1), and intra-uterine growth restriction cases without pre-eclampsia
(n=2). Methods: Placental slabs were visualised with MPM. Collagen and
cytoplasm (based on inherent signal), and fluorescently stained nuclei
and blood vessels, enabled the visualization of villous tissue with
subcellular resolution. Segmentation based on pixel classification, deep
learning, and clustering algorithms were used to generate quantifiable
features. Main outcome measures: Trophoblast arrangement, 3D-villous
tree structure, syncytial knots, fibrosis, and 3D-vascular networks were
identified as imaging targets. Villous morphology, vascular fraction,
vascular network (i.e., branchpoint density and diameter), nuclear
density, and knot fraction were quantified to describe placental
phenotypes. Results: Pre-eclamptic placentas had disorganized
trophoblast arrangement, decreased vascular fraction, and altered vessel
diameters, compared to control placentas. The developed 3D-methodology
indicated that placental vasculature, syncytial knotting, and villous
growth are altered in pre-eclampsia. Conclusion: Our preliminary data
demonstrate the potential of the developed quantification method for
phenotyping pre-eclampsia, to improve future disease stratification.
The impact of a universal late third-trimester scan for fetal growth restriction on perinatal outcomes in term singleton births: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Aderoba Adeniyi , Ioannou Christos , Kurinczuk Jennifer , Cavallaro Angelo , Quigley Maria , Impey Lawrence , Group OxGRIP
Published: May 2022

Objective To investigate perinatal mortality, morbidity and obstetric
intervention after introducing universal third-trimester ultrasound scan
for growth restriction. Design Prospective cohort study Setting
Oxfordshire (OUH), UK Population Women with a non-anomalous singleton
pregnancy undergoing pregnancy care and term delivery at OUH with an
estimated-date-of-birth between 01/Jan/2014 and 30/Sept/2019. Methods
Universal ultrasound for fetal growth restriction between 35+0 and 36+6
weeks was introduced in 2016. The outcomes of the next 18631 eligible
term pregnancies were compared, using logistic regression, with the
previous 18636 who had clinically-indicated ultrasounds only. ‘Screen
positives’ for growth restriction were managed according to a
pre-determined protocol. Main Outcome Measures Extended perinatal
mortality, a composite of mortality or encephalopathy Grade II-III, and
expedited birth. Other outcomes included composite adverse outcomes used
elsewhere, detection of birthweight (<10th centile) and birth
<39+0 weeks. Results Extended perinatal deaths decreased from
1.7/1000 to 1.2/1000 births (aOR: 0.73; 0.43 -1.25); mortality or severe
morbidity decreased from 2.9/1000 to 1.9/1000 births (OR: 0.67;
0.44-1.03). Expedited births increased from 35.2% to 37.7% (OR: 1.08;
1.04 – 1.14). Birth prior to 39+0 weeks fell 10.5% (OR 0.89: 0.85 –
0.94). Birthweight (<10th centile) detection using fetal
biometry alone was 31.4%, and rose to 40.5% if all abnormal scan
parameters were used. Conclusion Introducing a universal ultrasound for
growth restriction has limited impact on mortality and severe morbidity,
but only small increases in intervention, and less early-term birth, are
possible. The detection of birthweight (<10th c) improved
where markers of growth restriction are used.
Brief analysis on the role of RNA-binding proteins in prognosis of endometrial cancer based on TCGA
Authors: He Jing , Han Lin , Chi Chi , zhang yueming , Zhou Jiayi , Li Wei , Hou Wenjie
Published: May 2022

Background Recently, it has been demonstrated that the disturbance of
RNA-binding proteins is closely related to the occurrence, progression
and prognosis of diseases and cancers. Meanwhile, the role of RBPs in
endometrial cancer remains to be explored. Objective To find out the
prognostic role of RBPs in endometrial cancer. Methods Unit COX
regression analysis, LASSO, multivariate COX regression analysis,
Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Results We obtained endometrial cancer
RNA sequencing data and clinical data from TCGA, screened 284
differentially expressed genes that were differentially expressed
between cancer tissues and normal tissues, performed functional
enrichment analysis on them, and then screened from the differentially
expressed genes identified prognostic-related genes (CD3EAP, EPHB6,
CIRBP, LTK, ADARB2, RBPMS), developed a prognostic model to examine
differences in OS among patients in high- and low-risk cohorts, and
constructed a nomogram to predict patient survival rate. Conclusions We
use public databases to study that RBPs have certain value in the
occurrence and development of endometrial cancer, and can be used as a
prognostic marker for endometrial cancer.
Environmental inequality: air pollution and asthma in children
Authors: Paciência Inês , Rufo João Cavaleiro , Moreira André
Published: May 2022

Whether you benefit from high-quality urban environments, such as those
rich in green and blue spaces, that may offer benefits to allergic and
respiratory health depends on where you live and work. Environmental
inequality, therefore, results from the unequal distribution of the
risks and benefits that stem from interactions with our environment.
Within this perspective, this article reviews the evidence for an
association between air pollution caused by industrial activities,
traffic, disinfection-by-products and tobacco/e-cigarettes and asthma in
children. We also discuss the proposed mechanisms by which air pollution
increases asthma risk, including environmental epigenetic regulations,
oxidative stress, and damage, disrupted barrier integrity, inflammatory
pathways, and enhancement of respiratory sensitization to aeroallergens.
Environmental air pollution is a major determinant of childhood asthma,
but magnitude of effect is not shared equally across the population,
regions, and settings where people live, work, and spend their time.
Improvement of the exposure assessment, a better understanding of
critical exposure time windows, underlying mechanisms, and drivers of
heterogeneity may improve the risk estimates. Urban conditions and air
quality are not only important features for national and local
authorities to shape healthy cities and protect their citizens from
environmental and health risks, but they also provide opportunities to
mitigate inequalities in the most deprived areas where the environmental
burden is highest. Actions to avoid exposure to indoor and outdoor air
pollutants should be complementary at different levels – individual,
local, and national levels – to take effective measures to protect
children who have little or no control over the air they breathe.
Decrease in Reported Rates of Catheter Ablation-Related Adverse Events During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bhatia Sujata K. , Kang Sungjoon
Published: May 2022

Because the coronavirus disease 10 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly
altered cardiovascular care, we sought to investigate whether the number
of reports of adverse events attributed to percutaneous catheter
ablation devices changed over the course of the pandemic, specifically
examining three medical device classes: cardiac ablation percutaneous
catheters; cardiac ablation percutaneous catheters for treatment of
atrial fibrillation; and cardiac ablation percutaneous catheters for
treatment of atrial flutter. Using data from the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience
(MAUDE) database, we compared weekly reported rates of adverse events
for each device during the year immediately preceding the pandemic
(March 2019-March 2020) to those during the first year of the pandemic
(March 2020-March 2021).  We report a 19% decrease in reported
malfunctions related to cardiac ablation percutaneous catheters during
the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. We further report a 23% decrease
in reported malfunctions related to cardiac ablation percutaneous
catheters for atrial fibrillation during the pandemic compared to
pre-pandemic. Finally, we report a 25% decrease in reported injuries
related to cardiac ablation percutaneous catheters for atrial flutter
during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic.
2-Ruled hypersurfaces in Minkowski 4-space and their constructions via octonions
Authors: Ndiaye Ameth , Özdemir Zehra
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we define three types of 2-Ruled hypersurfaces in the
Minkowski 4-space $\mathbb{E}^4_1$. We obtain
Gaussian and mean curvatures of the 2-ruled hypersurfaces of type-1 and
type-2, and some characterizations about its minimality. We also deal
with the first Laplace-Beltrami operators of these types of 2-Ruled
hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{E}^4_1$. Moreover, the
importance of this paper is that the definition of these surfaces by
using the octonions in $\mathbb{E}^4_1$. Thus,
this is a new idea and make the paper original. We give an example of
2-ruled hypersurface constructed by octonion and we visualize the
projections of the images with MAPLE program. Furthermore, the optical
fiber can be defined as a one-dimensional object embedded in the
4-dimensional Minkowski space $\mathbb{E}^4_1$.
Thus, as a discussion, we investigate the geometric evolution of a
linearly polarized light wave along an optical fiber by means of the
2-ruled hypersurfaces in a four-dimensional Minkowski space
On the discontinuous solutions of explicit neutral delay differential equations
Authors: Davari َAli , Maleki Mohammad
Published: May 2022

This paper considers explicit neutral delay differential equations
(NDDE) with piecewise continuous initial functions. We explain how the
discontinuities in the solutions arise and present a perturbing scheme,
in combination with an adaptive Legendre–Gauss–Radau collocation
method, to deal with this type of problems computationally. The
pointwise and mean convergence of the continuous solution of the
perturbed NDDE to the discontinuous solution of the original NDDE are
proved. Our new method for discontinuous NDDEs and the rigorous
theoretical analysis provided are particularly important since explicit
NDDEs have received little attention in the literature. Numerical
results are given to show that the proposed method can be implemented in
an efficient and accurate manner.
A CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF GLYCEMIC STATUS AND ITS DETERMINANTS AFTER ANTENATAL CORTICOSTEROIDS
Authors: IESHA BRUCE S A , Rachel Alexander A , lalithambica K , T Jacob Jaimie
Published: May 2022

Objective To study the patterns of glycemic status in response to
Antenatal corticosteroid administered to women with risk of preterm
delivery between 24 weeks and 36 weeks 6 days of gestation in
normoglycemic subjects and to evaluate if maternal characteristics
predicted the development of hyperglycemia Design : longitudinal study
Participants : 76 antenatal women, normoglycemic status between 24 weeks
and 36 week 6 days of gestation Methods : Antenatal women who screened
negative for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by 75 gm GTT who received
Injection Betamethasone for risk of preterm delivery . Fasting and
Postprandial blood sugar levels were recorded from day 1 to 7 after
steroid administration. Results Forty seven out of seventy six patients
had hyperglycemia of varying severity. Among the risk factors associated
with hyperglycemia, age>25 years, family history ofdiabetes
and hypertension and BMI >25 have statistically significant
association with hyperglycemia. was Conclusion : Antenatal
corticosteroids have proven benefit in reducing neonatal mortality and
morbidity hence should be definitely administered as benefit outweigh
sideeffects .Hyperglycemia can occur even in normoglycemic women after
antenatal corticosteroids. Testing of all antenatal patients who are at
risk for development of hyperglycemia especially in age group more than
25years, BMI over 25, hypertensive patients, family history of diabetes
is recommended after ACS . KEY WORDS : GLYCEMIC STATUS, ANTENATAL
STEROIDS
ENSO-linked climate change on rodent population dynamics in wild natural plague foci of southern China from 1878-2019
Authors: Su Chao , Guo Yongman , Ma Jian , Li Yuqiong , Su Liqiong , Xu Lei , Gao Zihou
Published: May 2022

El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-linked climate patterns have been
known to be associated with several rodent species, but the effects of
ENSO on rodent populations at both the spatial and temporal scales in
wild natural plague foci of southern China, have not been thoroughly
studied. In this study, we investigated the possible natural
environmental factors relating ENSO, precipitation, relative humidity
and surface temperatures to the populations of 2 allopatric rodent
species (Apodemus chevrieri and Rattus tanezumi) in Jianchuan county the
most important core area of the natural foci of wild plague in southern
China from 1978 to 2019. Our results indicated that ENSO-driven climate
factors, such as the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), rainfall, surface
temperature, and other biological factors, all affected the rodent
population densities. We found that sympatric rodent species with
different life histories respond differently to precipitation and
surface temperature, while SOI had a similar effect on the population
densities of these two species, and the effect of SOI on rodent
population densities was time-dependent. Additionally, nonlinear
negative relationships were established between the population density
of rodents and SOI, and El Niño events were found to be beneficial for
increasing the rodent density, whereas La Niña events were favorable for
decreasing the rodent density. The cross-wavelet analysis results
revealed that the rodent population density oscillated in an anti-phase
pattern with SOI over a period of approximately 2-3 years before 1995
but has oscillated in-phase with SOI over the same periods since 1995.
These results indicate that ENSO-driven climate variations may
significantly impact rodent population dynamics in Jianchuan county, and
SOI, a large-scale climate factor, has the same effect on sympatric
rodent species with different life histories.
Effect of grazing intensity on plant–soil C:N:P stoichiometry within a desert grassland under long-term grazing
Authors: Tao Wan
Published: May 2022

Background and aims High-intensity grazing in Mongolian grasslands has
led to the general deterioration of biodiversity and ecosystem
functioning. Abundant evidence shows that grazing affects the structure
and function of grassland ecosystems, especially under overgrazing.
Methods We examined the effects of three grazing intensities (0, 1.92,
and 3.08 sheep ha-1 a-1) on plant commu-nities, plant and soil C, N and
P contents, and plant and soil C:N:P stoichiometry in a desert grassland
in different years. Results Grazing did not affect plant coverage,
richness, or N:P, and the plant community biomass, litter bio-mass and
C:N and C:P were highest under a zero grazing intensity. Soil C:N
changed with the year and grazing intensity. However, soil C:P and N:P
were higher in 2018 than in 2016 and 2017. Conclusions Our study
suggested that grazing promoted the flow of N between plants and the
soil, especially at 3.08 sheep ha-1 a-1. Under grazing stress, plants
maintained the potential for compensatory growth. Further-more, N was
shown to be the limiting fertilizer component for plants growing in this
area among the three grazing intensities.
Innovative Trends in Ethno-Costumology in the Modern Theater Process
Authors:   Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T. Zhurgenov, Zhanguzhinova Meruyert , Akylbekova Bagdat ,   Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T. Zhurgenov, Kurmanbekov Sabit ,   Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T. Zhurgenov, Kumargaliyeva Nazerke , Kairbekkyzy Nazerke
Published: May 2022

This article examines the topicality of ethno-costumes in the context of the modern theatrical process. The aim of the study is to conduct a theoretical and methodological study of the problems of ethno-costumeology in the context of the modern theatrical process. The scientific and theoretical methodology of the research include the theoretical foundations of ethno-costumes, concepts of the modern theatrical process, methodological aspects of ethno-costumes, innovative directions of ethno-costumes, artistic principles of creating an ethnocostume. Scientific and theoretical methods were used: socio-cultural, historical, semiotic, ethnographic, formal-stylistic analysis, ekphrasis, attribution of an ethnic costume, observation, interpretation of an ethnic costume in the theatrical process. The practical methods: research of innovative technologies in the design of ethnic costume in the context of the modern theatrical process, which make up various types of 3D modelling and visualization. The result of the study is: the application of the obtained scientifically grounded methodological foundations in the method of designing an ethnic costume in the production process of the Kazakh Drama Theater named after S. Seifullin in the city of Karaganda. The significance of the results is in the study and identification of methodological aspects in innovative areas of ethno-costumology within the framework of the modern theatrical process.