bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN MENGKUDU DENGAN METODE SPRAY DALAM PENGENDALIAN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti
Authors: Armayanti Armayanti , Rasjid Ashari
Published: May 2020

Di Indonesia, DBD telah menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat selama 41 tahun terakhir. Pencegahan penyebaran penyakit DBD dapat dilakukan dengan memutus mata rantai penularan melalui pengendalian vektor. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun mengkudu dengan metode spray dalam pengendalian nyamuk Aedes aegypti . Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 25 ekor nyamuk Aedes aegypti  yang dipaparkan dengan ekstrak daun mengkudu konsentrasi 15%, 20%, dan 25%, dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali menggunakan metode spray selama 60 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrsi ekstrak daun mengkudu semakin cepat dan banyak nyamuk yang mati. Pada konsentrasi 15% ekstrak daun mengkudu jumlah nyamuk yang mati sebanyak 14 ekor (56%) LC50 pada menit ke-45. Pada konsentrasi 20% ekstrak daun mengkudu jumlah nyamuk yang mati sebanyak 17 ekor (68%) LC50 pada menit ke-30. Pada konsentrasi 25% ekstrak daun mengkudu jumlah nyamuk yang mati sebanyak 18 ekor (72%) LC50 pada menit ke-15. Hal ini dikarenakan nyamuk terpapar dengan ekstrak daun mengkudu memiliki kandungan kimia seperti senyawa alkaloid, triterpenoid, saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak daun mengkudu dengan metode spray efektif dalam mematikan nyamuk Aedes aegypti mencapai LC50. Diharapkan masyarakat dapat memanfaatkan ekstrak daun mengkudu dengan metode spray karena aman bagi lingkungan dan manusia.Kata kunci : Ekstrak daun mengkudu, Metode spray, Aedes aegypti
ANALISA KANDUNGAN KADMIUM (CD) PADA BAWANG MERAH (ALLIUM CEPA) DI KELURAHAN MATARAN KECAMATAN ANGGERAJA KABUPATEN ENREKANG
Authors: Rosnani Rosnani , Rasman Rasman
Published: May 2020

Pemakaian bahan agrokimia dalam budidaya pertanian tidak dapat dihindarkan, selain keberhasilan yang dicapai, dapat juga menyebabkan akumulasi dan pencemaran pada tanah, tanaman/bawang merah (Allium Cepa) dan berpengaruh buruk terhadap kesehatan para petani, karena pupuk mengandung logam berat, salah satunya adalah Cadmium (Cd). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang kandungan logam berat Kadmium (Cd) pada bawang merah di Kelurahan mataran kecamatan anggeraja kabupaten enrekang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan observasional dan didukung oleh hasil pemeriksaan Laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rata-rata kandungan kadmium (Cd) pada bawang merah titik kontur atas sebesar 0,1667 mg/kg, titik kontur tengah sebesar 0,1740 mg/kg, titik kontur bawah sebesar 0,2386 mg/kg dan sampel kering sebagai kontrol sebesar 0,2220 mg/kg. sampel titik kontur atas dan titik kontur tengah diperoleh hasil lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sampel titik kontur bawah dikarenakan terjadinya limpasan unsur hara pada saat penyiraman dan mengalir kebagian bawah sehingga sampel pada bagian bawah mengalami akumulasi logam kadmium lebih banyak. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini yaitu kandungan logam berat kadmium Pada pemeriksaan sampel bawang merah (Allium Cepa). Dari ke empat sampel tersebut tidak memenuhi syarat hasil pemeriksan menunjukkan > 0,05 sesuai Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Republik Indonesia Nomor 04 / Permentan / PP.340 / 2 / 2015. Kata Kunci         :  Bahan Agrokimia,  Bawang merah (Allium Cepa), Kadmium (Cd).
PEMANFAATAN SERBUK DAUN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava L) DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) PADA AIR LIMBAH DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI MAKASSAR
Authors: Ikbal Muhammad , Kamil Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Kadar timbal (Pb) yang tinggi dalam air limbah akan merugikan manusia dan lingkungan. Beberapa metode untuk menghilangkan logam berat dari air limbah telah dilakukan dengan proses fisika dan kimia. Biomaterial daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L) dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben dapat mengikat logam berat, hal ini dikarenakan kandungan tanin dalam adsorben tersebut.Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan serbuk daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L) untuk menurunkan kadar timbal (Pb) pada air limbah dikawasan industri Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bersifat eksperimen semu yaitu mengetahui kemampuan serbuk daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L) dalam menurunkan kadar timbal (Pb) pada air limbah di kawasan industri Makassar.  Dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa pengujian serbuk daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L) pada air limbah dikawasan industri Makassar dengan variasi konsentrasi, untuk konsentrasi 150 gr mampu menurunkan sebesar 0,13 mg/l (14%), konsentrasi 200 gr mampu menurunkan sebesar 0,26 mg/l (20%), konsentrasi 250 gr mampu menurunkan sebesar 0,42 mg/l (54%)Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa pengujian serbuk daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L) mampu menurunkan kadar timbal (Pb) pada air limbah dikawasan industri Makassar. Saran peneliti selanjutnya perlu memperhatikan tentang penentuan konsentrasi dan perlakuan khusus sehingga zat tanin yang terkandung pada serbuk daun jambu biji dapat terikat.Kata Kunci             : Air limbah kawasan industri, Serbuk daun jambu biji, konsentrasi, Kadar timbal (Pb)
COVID-19 Heavy Metal Hypothesis
Authors: Lee Tim X
Published: May 2020

The bioaccumulation of heavy metals potentially makes certain individuals susceptible to COVID-19
Los límites del crecimiento después de Río 92 ¿más allá del "desarrollo sostenible"?
Authors: Romero Rodríguez José Juan
Published: May 2020

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Declaración de Río sobre el medio ambiente y el desarrollo
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: May 2020

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Migraciones mundiales como reto político a Europa
Authors: Müller Johannes
Published: May 2020

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Cuatro propuestas sobre ética de la producción
Authors: Zañartu Mario
Published: May 2020

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En entorno a la crisis yugoslava
Authors: Gay Armenteros Juan
Published: May 2020

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"Tres versiones rivales de la ética" (Recensión)
Authors: Trechera Herreros José Luis
Published: May 2020

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"Teoría económica y análisis empíricos de los sindicatos" (Recensión)
Authors: Rul-lán Buades Gaspar
Published: May 2020

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Reliability of the results of measurements of air pollution by solid particles by the method of detection of scattered laser radiation
Authors: Mariselvam A. K. , Padmanabhan K. , Sivanesan S.
Published: May 2020

The problem of measuring the parameters of dust particles in the environment is currently relevant for residents of densely populated cities. Measurements of the size and size distribution function of dust particles are carried out using instruments based on the method of scattering of laser radiation. The analysis of the measurement method based on the spherical particle model andthe theory of Mie diffraction is performed. The possibility of erroneous indication of measurement results by widely used portable measuring instruments of dust parameters is shown. To calculate the scattering luminous flux by particles with a size of 2–10 μm in laser radiation, a special program was developed in the Matlab medium. As a result of solving a system of linear non-homogeneous algebraic equations, the particle size distribution function is to be estimated under the condition that the intensity of the scattered laser radiation is measured by at least two fixed scattering angles. For the experimental estimation of this distribution function, four simple photodetectors were used for different fixed scattering angles.
Waviness measurement system for implementing in laser destructuring by remelting of metal surfaces
Authors: Oreshkin Oleg M. , Khloponin Viacheslav A. , Panov Daniil V. , Ushakov Denis V.
Published: May 2020

To increase the efficiency of laser destructuring, data on the waviness of the part associated with the coordinate system of the laser processing machine are required. At present, there are no non-contact profile measurement systems on the market that meet all the requirements that apply to a system for measuring the surface profile of parts and are determined by the parameters of the laser destructuring. The developed measurement system will allow to take waviness measurement directly at the laser processing machine, which will significantly reduce the complexity of the process. A prototype of a system for measuring the surface profile (waviness) has been created inaccordance with the measurement requirements for a laser processing machine. The scheme and principle of operation of the system for measuring the waviness of the installation for laser destructuring are described. In measurements, the triangulation method was used. A prototype allows to measure the profile of the of the surface waviness with a spatial wavelength of 2 mm with an accuracy of 3,78 μm in the vertical direction and 13,8 μm in the lateral direction. The accuracy of the prototype was verified using the standard method of stylus profilometry. The waviness profile obtained with a developed system can be used to modulate the amplitude of the laser radiation power in the laser destructuring.
Seferihisar Mevcut Bisiklet Güzergâhlarının CBS Ortamında Şehrin Dirençliliği Yönünden Yavaş Şehir Kriterlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇORUMLUOĞLU Özşen , KAZMA Çağlayan Şafak
Published: May 2020

Yavaş Şehir kavramı, önceleri İtalya’da yavaş yeme hareketi şeklinde ortaya çıkmış, zaman içerisinde gelişerek Yavaş Şehir yaşam tarzına dönüşmüş ve dünyanın pek çok farklı yöresinde yankı bulmuş bir şehircilik yaklaşımı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Günümüz şehirlerindeki hızlı yaşam tarzına alternatif, insan ve etkileşim içerisinde olduğu çevre açısından daha sürdürülebilir bir yaşam ve buna uygun şehirsel yapılanmayı önceleyen bir hareket olarak benimsenmektedir. Zaman içerisinde kurumsallaşan yavaş şehir yaklaşımı, merkezi İtalya Orvieto kenti olan dünya çapında bir harekete dönüşmüştür. Bu harekete katılmak isteyen şehirlerden de bazı kriterleri sağlamaları istenmektedir. Toplamda 72 maddeden oluşan bu Yavaş Şehir olma kriterlerinden bir kısmı, şehri daha sakin hale getirmek için gerek turistler gerekse de şehir halkı tarafından bisiklet kullanımını önceleyen şartlardır. Keza, bu şartların yerine getirilmesiyle şehir; daha yaşanabilir, daha konforlu ve özelikle de doğal çevrenin korunması açısından sürdürülebilir hale gelmektedir. Diğer taraftan şehirde bisiklet kullanımını yaygınlaştırmayı amaçlayan bu kriterler sayesinde, özellikle ulaşım açısından, teknolojiyi dışlamadan, fakat zararlarını minimize edecek cazip bir alternatif çözüm de oluşturulabilmektedir. Bunun da şehri daha dayanıklı ve dirençli kıldığı görülmektedir. Bütün bunlar aşığında öncelikli olarak bisiklet kullanımına yönelik şehrin mevcut durum analizinin ve nelerin yapılması gerektiğinin ortaya konması önemlidir. Bu konuda gerçekleştirilen iyileştirmeler, özellikle doğasever, çevreci ve yavaş yaşamı önceleyen turist grupları için de şehri çok daha çekici hale getirmektedir. Bu sayede, şehrin doğalı korunurken, ekonomik, kültürel ve sosyolojik açıdan kalkınmasına da katkıda bulunulabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Seferihisar için planlanmış mevcut bisiklet yollarının Yavaş Şehir kriterlerine göre CBS ortamında analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu analizler ve sonuçları ile aslında, şehrin doğal çevre açısından ne kadar sürdürülebilir olduğu ve çevresel dirençliliği de ortaya konmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Seferihisar mevcut bisiklet yollarının güzergah konforu açısından yeşil alanlara yakınlığı, su kitlelerine yakınlığı, aydınlatma, kentsel donatılara yakınlığı, kamu kurumlarına yakınlığı gibi analizler CBS ortamında gerçekleştirilmiş ve mevcut durumun sonuçları paylaşılmıştır.
单亲家庭儿童心理健康现状及改善策略研究
Authors: 姜 澍霏
Published: May 2020

时代的发展,家庭的生活条件日益好转,但离婚率却越来越高,单亲家庭的孩子也日益受到关注。本次论文通过对单亲家庭幼儿的观察及对单亲家庭幼儿心理存在的主要问题研究和对单亲家庭幼儿进行教育的应对策略,从而推动单亲家庭幼儿快乐成长。
Effect of glass transition: density and thermal conductivity measurements of B2O3
Authors: CHEBYKIN DMITRY , HELLER HANS-PETER , SAENKO IVAN , BARTZSCH GERT , ENDO RIE , VOLKOVA OLENA
Published: May 2020

The role of B2O3 as a fluxing agent for developing fluoride-free fluxes has been accentuated in recent years. Therefore, knowledge about the thermophysical properties of the oxide is essential to find the optimal chemical composition of the mold fluxes. In the present study, the density and thermal conductivity of B2O3 were measured by means of the buoyancy method, the maximal bubble pressure (MBP) method and the hot-wire method in the temperature range of 295 – 1573 K. The results are discussed in the context of the chemical stability of the B2O3 as well as the effect of glass transition on the thermal conductivity. The density of the B2O3 decreases non-linearly with increasing temperature in the temperature range of 973 – 1573 K. The MBP method was successfully applied for the density measurements with a viscosity up to 91 Pa.s. The thermal conductivity of the B2O3 in the solid and molten states increases with increasing temperature. Based on the Kittel’s equation, the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity through the glass transition temperature of B2O3 was discussed.
Density of molten gadolinium oxide measured with the electrostatic levitation furnace in the International Space Station
Authors: ISHIKAWA TAKEHIKO , KOYAMA CHIHIRO , SARUWATARI HIDEKI , TAMARU HARUKA , ODA HIROHISA , OHSHIO MASATO , NAKAMURA YASUHIRO , WATANABE YUKI , NAKATA YUI
Published: May 2020

Density of gadolinium oxide in its liquid phase was measured using a containerless technique under microgravity environment in the International Space Station (ISS). An electrostatically levitated sample was melted using high power semiconductor lasers. Pictures of a molten spherical sample were analyzed and corresponding volumes were obtained as afunction of temperature. After weighing the returned sample mass, the density of the Gd2O3 was found to be 7240 kg/m3 at its melting temperature (Tm = 2693 K).
Surface tension of liquid nickel: Re-evaluated and revised data
Authors: WERKOVITS ANNA , LEITNER THOMAS , POTTLACHER GERNOT
Published: May 2020

Nickel is an important component in many alloys, so reliable surface tension data in the liquid phase are essential for simulation processes in the metal industry. First results for surface tension of liquid nickel from our working group by Aziz et al. [1], which led to the first publication on the topic of our Electromagnetic Levitation (EML) setup, delivered unusual high values compared to the literature, which itself covers a wide range. To find the reason for this behaviour the aim of this work was to investigate the surface tension of nickel samples from different suppliers at similar purity grades by the Oscillating Drop (OD) technique using the EML setup of the Thermophysics and Metalphysics Group at Graz University of Technology. Since no significant deviations between samples from different suppliers have been found, an extensive literature research according to various experimental and evaluation parameters has been performed. In the course of this investigation, the earlier obtained experimental data of Aziz et al. were re-evaluated. Due to gained awareness in evaluating the translational frequency in vertical direction, the mystery of these elevated surface tension results could be solved, so that in the end the originally obtained results of Aziz have been drastically decreased through re-evaluation.
Jacob Dahl Rendtorff, French Philosophy and Social Theory. A Perspective for Ethics and Philosophy of Management (Dordrecht: Springer, 2014)
Authors: Di Fabio Costanza
Published: May 2020

Book review of: Jacob Dahl Rendtorff, French Philosophy and Social Theory. A Perspective for Ethics and Philosophy of Management (Dordrecht: Springer, 2014)
Subscribing to gendertrash
Authors: Cunningham Sidney
Published: May 2020

This article situates the Canadian zine series gendertrash between the international political context of early 1990s trans periodicals and its material roots in Toronto’s Church-Wellesley village, while also providing a brief discussion of how its form and distribution relate to contemporary scholarship on the zine as genre. Published cross-promotional materials in a number of influential trans periodicals from Canada and the United States, as well as archived correspondence, demonstrate the ‘zine’s involvement in broader networks of solidarity and resource-sharing – against which the radical politics of this early “gender queer” publication become all the more apparent. The ArQuives’ 2017 gendertrash digital collection promises an expanded sense of trans cultural inheritance yet raises ethical questions around privacy and archival categorizations of identity. This article concludes, building on earlier critiques of similar digitization projects, by positing an affect-based analogy between the role of gendertrash’s subscription/distribution model and that of this recent digital collection.
A Journal for Manly Culture
Authors: Stewart Andrew
Published: May 2020

Published by Adolf Brand from 1896 until the rise of Nazism in 1933, Der Eigene was the world’s first homosexual periodical. This article will argue that although many of the ideals espoused in this publication are now considered at best distasteful and at worst inherently wrong and associated with Nazism, there areelements of the publication that are worthy of greater attention in the historiography. I will begin by exploring the publication itself, its ideals and goals, and how it sought to use art to accomplishthem. I will then suggest ways in which Der Eigene challenges our contemporary understanding of homosexuality by tracing clear links from ideas put forth by its contributors to elements of the modernLGBTQ community.
Edukasi Praktek Cuci Tangan Standar WHO dan Peduli Lingkungan
Authors: Mardiyani Siti Asmaniyah , Hidayatullah M. , Sofa Muhammad Zamik , Delphia Phila , Muhamad Hazel , Nugraha Muhammad Anggi Tiar , Pirain Amar Syaf , Yaqin Muhammad Ainul , Sukari Solid , Bajuber Hasan Ainurridha A. , Mulya Muhammad Bima Bintang , Abbas Toh Bagus , Azrina Siti Nur , Syahputra Vicky Tri
Published: May 2020

Cuci tangan merupakan salah satu tindakan yang mudah dan murah untuk mencegah penyebaran penyakit. Tangan sendiri justru seringkali menjadi perantara dari berbagai bakteri untuk masuk ke dalam tubuh kita. Agar memperoleh hasil yang maksimal, Anda sebaiknya mengetahui bagaimana teknik mencuci tangan yang benar. Tahap pertama yaitu melaksanakan survey; bersama  sebagian dari kami kelompok 76 yang ikut serta kegiatan tersebut mohon izin kepada pihak sekolah untuk mengadakan sosialisasi lingkungan; hidup sehat serta cuci tangan yang baik dan benar.  Tahap selanjutnya pada minggu kedua kami mulai melaksanakan proses sosialisasi dan edukasi yang sudah di jadwalkan sesuai rencana program kerja kelompok 76. Praktek melakukan cuci tangan tangan yang baik dan benar secara bersama-sama yang diperagakan oleh anggota kelompok 76 dan di ikuti oleh  parasiswa/siswi serta memberikan pengertian tentang pentingnya peduli terhadap lingkungan, mengajak para siswa/siswi mengena langsung lingkungan yang ada disekitar desa putatlor, mengumpulkan sampah yang ada di jalan maupun di sekitar sekolah sekaligus membedakan antara sampah organik dan anorganik, dengan harapan penanaman cinta lingkungan sejak dini mampu memotifasi parasiswa/siswi mengerti betapa pentingnya mencitai kebersihan lingkungan supaya terhindar dari penyakit maupun bahaya bencana; alam yang dapat timbul dari kerusakan lingkungan oleh sampah. Masih banyak masyarakat di Desa Putatlor Kecamatan Gondang legi Kabupaten malang  yang mengabaikan kebersihan diri maupun lingkungan di sekitar mereka, yang dapat ber dampak buruk terhadap kesehatan; diri masyarakat, kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya mencuci tangan secara rutin dan teratur mengakibatkan masyarakat mudah terjangkit penyakit; seperti demam, flu, maupun batuk itu dapat berdampak buruk terhadap kesehatan.
Penguatan Partisipasi Masyarakat Melalui Pembangunan
Authors: Fikri Dzul , Safitri Rumain Ida Ardila , Wulandari Wulandari , Selaswati Selaswati , Tasari Ade Erlin , Renhoat Asep Abdu , Masrani Muhammad , Ainur Roat M. Zain , Hartono Hartono , Hamseh Achmad , Saiful Mila M. Ata
Published: May 2020

Di Kecamatan Ampelgading Kabupaten Malang Kelurahan Simojayan, partisispasi masyarakat cenderung masih belum secara keseluruhan. Undang-undang No. 6 Tahun 2014 mengamanatkan bahwa perencanaan pembangunan desa harus dilaksanakan secara partisipatif dan melibatkan seluruh masyarakat, termasuk kelompok rentan (minoritas, difabel, perempuan, dan miskin). Hal tersebut bertujuan agar pembangunan yang dilaksanakan oleh desa benar-benar bermanfaat bagi seluruh warga. Akan tetapi, hingga saat ini sebagian besar desa di Indonesia belum dapat melaksanakan amanat undang-undang tersebut. Hal ini terbukti dengan masih adanya desa yang melaksanakan perencanaan pembangunan secara elitis dan sepenuhnya dilakukan oleh pemerintah desa tanpa melibatkan masyarakat. Selain itu, ada pula desa yang sudah mencoba melibatkan masyarakat yakni melalui proses pembangunan, namun belum semua komponen masyarakat diundang dalam proses tersebut tersebut. Dampak dari perencanaan pembangunan yang belum bersifat partisipatif adalah manfaat pembangunan desa belum bisa dirasakan oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat, sehingga program pembangunan belum dapat disebut berhasil. Sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mewujudkan perencanaan pembangunan desa yang partisipatif, mahasiswa KKN-PPM TEMATIK UNIVERSITAS ISLAM MALANG mengadakan kegiatan pembangunan desa melalui proyek-proyek yang diusung di Desa Simojayan. Kegiatan tersebut melibatkan perwakilan dari semua komponen masyarakat desa (warga masyarakat, pengurus organisasi sosial, dan pemerintah desa). Melalui proses pembangunan desa diharapkan akan dapat dilaksanakan secara partisipatif di masa yang akan datang, sehingga hasil-hasil pembangunan dapat dirasakan oleh seluruh warga.
Крем’яний комплекс верхньопалеолітичної стоянки Пушкарі І за матеріалами розкопу VII
Authors: Vassilev Pavlo , Beliaeva Valentina
Published: May 2020

У статті представлені результати типолого-статистичного аналізу крем’яної колекції розкопу VII верхньопалеолітичної стоянки Пушкарі І (Новгород-Сіверський р-н Чернігівська обл.). Всього крем’яна колекція нараховує 36777 одиниць, з яких 4% складають знаряддя праці. Окрім ретушованих пластин і пластинок, найчисельніші групи становлять мікролітичні вироби (28%) та вістря великих форм (11%). Різців 4%, скребачки 2,4%, інші категорії знарядь представлені нечисельними серіями. Крем’яний комплекс є характерним для своєрідного пушкарівського типу пізньограветських пам’яток Півночі України.
Скифские курганы 18 и 19 группы «Водовод» в Нижнем Поднестровье
Authors: Sinika Vitalij , Lysenko Sergey , Razumov Sergey , Telnov Nicolai
Published: May 2020

В работе впервые публикуются результаты раскопок скифских курганов 18 и 19 группы «Водовод», изученных в 2019 г. у с. Глиное Слободзейского района на левобережье Нижнего Днестра. Научные данные, полученные при исследовании этих курганов, позволяют обратить особое внимание на некоторые элементы погребального обряда – сооружение насыпей только над детскими погребениями, устройство ритуальных ям, вторичное использование амфоры, погребения собак на зелёной подмазке, размещение отчленённой головы собаки на перекрытии ямы. На основании хиосской амфоры курган 18 датируется первой половиной V в. до н.э. Это старшая из скифских насыпей могильника. Курган 19, очевидно, был сооружён в IV в. до н.э.
AUDIT SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK COBIT 4.1 ( STUDI KASUS UNIVERSITAS ARS BANDUNG)
Authors: Hadiyanto Riswan , Diki Muhammad , Fathonah Fira , Assni El Miana , Nugroho Aji , Kurnia Robby , Farhan Muhammad , Aghniyasari Agi
Published: May 2020

Teknologi informasi dan sistem informasi memiliki peranan yang begitu penting bagi suatu instansi atau perusahaan yang memanfaatkan teknologi informasi pada kegiatan bisnis. Universitas ARS adalah salah satu perguruan tinggi yang menggunakan aplikasi atau sistem informasi sebagai pengelola layanan administrasi dan strategi bisnis. SIAKAD(Sistem administrasi akademik) adalah salah satu sistem informasi akademik yang dibangun untuk memberikan kemudahan kepada pengguna dan instansi dalam kegiatan administrasi akademik secara online, seperti pembuatan jadwal kuliah, pengisian KRS online mahasiswa dan proses administrasi mahasiswa.Pengelolaan Sistem Informasi Akademik yang tidak dikelola dengan baik akan berdampak pada rendahnya kepuasan pengguna/mahasiswa dan rendahnya kualitas layanan, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi tingkat stakeholder terhadap institusi. Hal tersebut dapat diatasi dengan pemantauan/evaluasi secara periodik terhadap pelaksanaaan SIAKAD. Penelitian akan dilakukan evaluasi pengelolaan penggunaan sistem informasi akademik yang tidak terkelola dengan baik. Dengan adanya pemantauan terhadap proses pelaksanaan SIAKAD diharapkan dapat memperbaiki segala kekurangan dan kelemahan sistem yang sedang berjalan. Dalam penelitian Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah tahapan Perencanaan(planning), Pemeriksaan lapangan(Fied Work), Pelaporan(Reporting), Tindak lanjutan (Follow Up)dan dengan menggunakan Tool Frame Work COBIT(Control Objectives For Information and Related Technologi)Versi 4.1yang dikeluarkan oleh ISACA(Information System Audit Control Assosiation). Dengan berdasarkan hasil perhitungan setiap proses TI yang terdapat domain Planning and Organization(PO) dan Delivery and Support(DS).
Determination of a Tumor-Promoting Microenvironment in Recurrent Medulloblastoma: A Multi-Omics Study of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Reichl Bernd , Niederstaetter Laura , Boegl Thomas , Neuditschko Benjamin , Bileck Andrea , Gojo Johannes , Buchberger Wolfgang , Peyrl Andreas , Gerner Christopher
Published: May 2020

Molecular classification of medulloblastoma (MB) is well-established and reflects the cell origin and biological properties of tumor cells. However, limited data is available regarding the MB tumor microenvironment. Here, we present a mass spectrometry-based multi-omics pilot study of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from recurrent MB patients. A group of age-matched patients without a neoplastic disease was used as control cohort. Proteome profiling identified characteristic tumor markers, including FSTL5, ART3, and FMOD, and revealed a strong prevalence of anti-inflammatory and tumor-promoting proteins characteristic for alternatively polarized myeloid cells in MB samples. The up-regulation of ADAMTS1, GAP43 and GPR37 indicated hypoxic conditions in the CSF of MB patients. This notion was independently supported by metabolomics, demonstrating the up-regulation of tryptophan, methionine, serine and lysine, which have all been described to be induced upon hypoxia in CSF. While cyclooxygenase products were hardly detectable, the epoxygenase product and beta-oxidation promoting lipid hormone 12,13-DiHOME was found to be strongly up-regulated. Taken together, the data suggest a vicious cycle driven by autophagy, the formation of 12,13-DiHOME and increased beta-oxidation, thus promoting a metabolic shift supporting the formation of drug resistance and stem cell properties of MB cells. In conclusion, the different omics-techniques clearly synergized and mutually supported a novel model for a specific pathomechanism.
Frequency of Pregnancy-Associated Cancer: A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies
Authors: Dalmartello Michela , Negri Eva , La Vecchia Carlo , Scarfone Giovanna , Buonomo Barbara , Peccatori Fedro A. , Parazzini Fabio
Published: May 2020

Despite numerous available resources of evidence, the results about the frequency of pregnancy-associated cancer (PAC) still show poor comparability due to dissimilarities in the study design and methodology, inclusion criteria, incoherent duration of follow-up and a heterogeneous reference population. We conducted a systematic review of population-based studies on PAC published up to December 2019, to provide updated research on this topic, highlighting strengths and limitations. Of the 24 papers included, 11 considered all types of tumors and 13 dealt with specific types of cancer. Differences in the procedures for estimating the frequency of PAC emerged even among population studies. However, we found consistent results for overall frequency of PAC— around 1/1000 pregnancies. Our review suggests that about 25% of PAC cases are diagnosed during pregnancy, confirming the hypothesis of an excess of diagnosis in the postpregnancy period. Sparse and inconsistent results were found regarding a potential increase in the frequency of PAC over calendar years. Alignments in the strategy to identify PAC are needed to overcome methodological weaknesses.
Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Is Expressed in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: Possible Implications for Tumor Growth and Prognosis
Authors: Lorenzen Mette , Nielsen John Erik , Andreassen Christine Hjorth , Juul Anders , Toft Birgitte Grønkær , Rajpert-De Meyts Ewa , Daugaard Gedske , Blomberg Jensen Martin
Published: May 2020

Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) regulates gonadal testosterone production and recent studies have suggested a growth-regulatory role in somatic cancers. Here, we established that LHCGR is expressed in a fraction of seminoma cells and germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS), and the seminoma-derived cell line TCam2 released LHCGR into the medium. LH treatment induced proliferation of TCam2 cells in vitro, while hCG treatment induced a non-significant 51% increase in volume of tumors formed in a TCam2 xenograft model. A specific ELISA was used to detect a soluble LHCGR in serum. Serum concentrations of soluble LHCGR could not distinguish 4 patients with GCNIS and 216 patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) from 297 infertile or 148 healthy young men. Instead, serum LHCGR levels were significantly higher in 112 patients with a seminoma >5 cm or elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) compared with men harboring smaller seminomas <2 cm or normal LDH levels. Serum LHCGR levels in TGCT patients could not predict relapse irrespective whether determined pre- or post-orchiectomy. Combined, these novel findings suggest that LHCGR may be directly involved in the progression and growth of seminomas, and our retrospective pilot study suggests that serum LHCGR may have some prognostic value in men with seminoma.
The Crosstalk between Src and Hippo/YAP Signaling Pathways in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Hsu Ping-Chih , Yang Cheng-Ta , Jablons David M. , You Liang
Published: May 2020

The advancement of new therapies, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies, has improved the survival of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in the last decade. Some NSCLC patients still do not benefit from therapies or encounter progressive disease during the course of treatment because they have intrinsic resistance, acquired resistance, or lack a targetable driver mutation. More investigations on the molecular biology of NSCLC are needed to find useful biomarkers for current therapies and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase protein that interacts with cell surface growth factor receptors and the intracellular signaling pathway to maintain cell survival tumorigenesis in NSCLC. The Yes-associated protein (YAP) is one of the main effectors of the Hippo pathway and has been identified as a promoter of drug resistance, cancer progression, and metastasis in NSCLC. Here, we review studies that have investigated the activation of YAP as mediated by Src kinases and demonstrate that Src regulates YAP through three main mechanisms: (1) direct phosphorylation; (2) the activation of pathways repressing Hippo kinases; and (3) Hippo-independent mechanisms. Further work should focus on the efficacy of Src inhibitors in inhibiting YAP activity in NSCLC. In addition, future efforts toward developing potentially reasonable combinations of therapy targeting the Src–YAP axis using other therapies, including targeted therapies and/or immunotherapies, are warranted.
The Role of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Colorectal Cancer Risk
Authors: Messaritakis Ippokratis , Koulouridi Asimina , Sfakianaki Maria , Vogiatzoglou Konstantinos , Gouvas Nikolaos , Athanasakis Elias , Tsiaoussis John , Xynos Evangelos , Mavroudis Dimitriοs , Tzardi Maria , Souglakos John
Published: May 2020

Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence risk and mortality. Vitamin D mediates its action through the binding of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and polymorphisms of the VDR might explain these inverse associations. The aim of the study was the investigation of the relevance of rs731236; Thermus aquaticus I (TaqI), rs7975232; Acetobacter pasteurianus sub. pasteurianus I (ApaI), rs2228570; Flavobacterium okeanokoites I (FokI) and rs1544410, Bacillus stearothermophilus I (BsmI) polymorphisms of the VDR gene to colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC) and progression. Peripheral blood was obtained from 397 patients with early operable stage II/III (n = 202) and stage IV (n = 195) CRC. Moreover, samples from 100 healthy donors and 40 patients with adenomatous polyps were also included as control groups. Genotyping in the samples from patients and controls was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP). A significant association was revealed between all four polymorphisms and cancer. Individuals with homozygous mutant (tt, aa, ff or bb) genotypes were more susceptible to the disease (p < 0.001). All of the mutant genotypes detected were also significantly associated with stage IV (p < 0.001), leading to significantly decreased survival (p < 0.001). Moreover, all four polymorphisms were significantly associated with KRAS (Kirsten ras oncogene) mutations and Toll-like receptor (TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9) genetic variants. In multivariate analysis, tt, aa and ff genotypes emerged as independent factors associated with decreased overall survival (OS) (p = 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The detection of higher frequencies of the VDR polymorphisms in CRC patients highlights the role of these polymorphisms in cancer development and progression.
Assessment of Periprostatic and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Lipolysis and Adipocyte Size from Men with Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Miladinovic Dushan , Cusick Thomas , Mahon Kate L. , Haynes Anne-Maree , Cortie Colin H. , Meyer Barbara J. , Stricker Phillip D. , Wittert Gary A. , Butler Lisa M. , Horvath Lisa G. , Hoy Andrew J.
Published: May 2020

The prostate is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), the thickness of which has been associated with more aggressive prostate cancer (PCa). There are limited data regarding the functional characteristics of PPAT, how it compares to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and whether in a setting of localized PCa, these traits are altered by obesity or disease aggressiveness. PPAT and SAT were collected from 60 men (age: 42–78 years, BMI: 21.3–35.6 kg/m2) undergoing total prostatectomy for PCa. Compared to SAT, adipocytes in PPAT were smaller, had the same basal rates of fatty acid release (lipolysis) yet released less polyunsaturated fatty acid species, and were more sensitive to isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis. Basal lipolysis of PPAT was increased in men diagnosed with less aggressive PCa (Gleason score (GS) ≤ 3 + 4) compared to men with more aggressive PCa (GS ≥ 4 + 3) but no other measured adipocyte parameters related to PCa aggressiveness. Likewise, there was no difference in PPAT lipid biology between lean and obese men. In conclusion, lipid biological features of PPAT do differ from SAT; however, we did not observe any meaningful difference in ex vivo PPAT biology that is associated with PCa aggressiveness or obesity. As such, our findings do not support a relationship between altered PCa behavior in obese men and the metabolic reprogramming of PPAT.
Enhancing the Efficacy of CAR T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Henze Janina , Tacke Frank , Hardt Olaf , Alves Frauke , Al Rawashdeh Wa’el
Published: May 2020

Pancreatic cancer has the worst prognosis and lowest survival rate among all types of cancers and thus, there exists a strong need for novel therapeutic strategies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells present a new potential option after successful FDA-approval in hematologic malignancies, however, current CAR T cell clinical trials in pancreatic cancer failed to improve survival and were unable to demonstrate any significant response. The physical and environmental barriers created by the distinct tumor microenvironment (TME) as a result of the desmoplastic reaction in pancreatic cancer present major hurdles for CAR T cells as a viable therapeutic option in this tumor entity. Cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts express extracellular matrix molecules, enzymes, and growth factors, which can attenuate CAR T cell infiltration and efficacy. Recent efforts demonstrate a niche shift where targeting the TME along CAR T cell therapy is believed or hoped to provide a substantial clinical added value to improve overall survival. This review summarizes therapeutic approaches targeting the TME and their effect on CAR T cells as well as their outcome in preclinical and clinical trials in pancreatic cancer.
Anti-EGFR Therapy Induces EGF Secretion by Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Confer Colorectal Cancer Chemoresistance
Authors: Garvey Colleen M. , Lau Roy , Sanchez Alyssa , Sun Ren X. , Fong Emma J. , Doche Michael E. , Chen Oscar , Jusuf Anthony , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Larson Brent , Mumenthaler Shannon M.
Published: May 2020

Targeted agents have improved the efficacy of chemotherapy for cancer patients, however, there remains a lack of understanding of how these therapies affect the unsuspecting bystanders of the stromal microenvironment. Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody therapy targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is given in combination with chemotherapy as the standard of care for a subset of metastatic colorectal cancer patients. The overall response to this treatment is underwhelming and, while genetic mutations that confer resistance have been identified, it is still not known why this drug is ineffective for some patients. We discovered that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major cellular subset of the tumor stroma, can provide a source of cancer cell resistance. Specifically, we observed that upon treatment with cetuximab, CAFs increased their secretion of EGF, which was sufficient to render neighboring cancer cells resistant to cetuximab treatment through sustained mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling. Furthermore, we show the cetuximab-induced EGF secretion to be specific to CAFs and not to cancer cells or normal fibroblasts. Altogether, this work emphasizes the importance of the tumor microenvironment and considering the potential unintended consequences of therapeutically targeting cancer-driving proteins on non-tumorigenic cell types.
Choline PET/CT in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mesguich Charles , Hulin Cyrille , Lascaux Axelle , Bordenave Laurence , Marit Gerald , Hindié Elif
Published: May 2020

The field of multiple myeloma (MM) imaging has evolved. The International Myeloma Working Group recently recommended performing 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose glucose (18FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with the aim of staging MM patients at baseline and evaluating response to therapy. Novel oncological radiotracers such as 11C-Choline and 18F-Fluorocholine, have been studied in comparison with 18FDG, mostly in MM patients presenting with refractory disease or suspected relapse. Choline-based tracers may overcome some limitations of 18FDG, which include a lack of sensitivity in depicting skull lesions and the fact that 10% of MM patients are FDG-negative. The majority of MM lesions display a higher uptake of Choline than FDG. Also, in many situations, Choline may offer better lesion visualization, with a higher tumor to background ratio; however, various patterns of Choline and FDG uptake have been observed in MM and some limitations, notably as regards liver lesions, should be recognized. Overall, Choline may provide additional detection of up to 75% more lesions. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the potential role of Choline in multiple myeloma, as compared to FDG, encompassing Choline physiopathology as well as data from clinical studies.
Mechanisms of B Cell Receptor Activation and Responses to B Cell Receptor Inhibitors in B Cell Malignancies
Authors: Efremov Dimitar G. , Turkalj Sven , Laurenti Luca
Published: May 2020

The B cell receptor (BCR) pathway has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in a number of common B cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, marginal zone B cell lymphoma, and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia. This finding has resulted in the development of numerous drugs that target this pathway, including various inhibitors of the kinases BTK, PI3K, and SYK. Several of these drugs have been approved in recent years for clinical use, resulting in a profound change in the way these diseases are currently being treated. However, the response rates and durability of responses vary largely across the different disease entities, suggesting a different proportion of patients with an activated BCR pathway and different mechanisms of BCR pathway activation. Indeed, several antigen-dependent and antigen-independent mechanisms have recently been described and shown to result in the activation of distinct downstream signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the mechanisms responsible for the activation of the BCR pathway in different B cell malignancies and to correlate these mechanisms with clinical responses to treatment with BCR inhibitors.
The Paracrine Role of Endothelial Cells in Bone Formation via CXCR4/SDF-1 Pathway
Authors: Tamari Tal , Kawar-Jaraisy Rawan , Doppelt Ofri , Giladi Ben , Sabbah Nadin , Zigdon-Giladi Hadar
Published: May 2020

Vascularization is a prerequisite for bone formation. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) stimulate bone formation by creating a vascular network. Moreover, EPCs secrete various bioactive molecules that may regulate bone formation. The aim of this research was to shed light on the pathways of EPCs in bone formation. In a subcutaneous nude mouse ectopic bone model, the transplantation of human EPCs onto β-TCP scaffold increased angiogenesis (p < 0.001) and mineralization (p < 0.01), compared to human neonatal dermal fibroblasts (HNDF group) and a-cellular scaffold transplantation (β-TCP group). Human EPCs were lining blood vessels lumen; however, the majority of the vessels originated from endogenous mouse endothelial cells at a higher level in the EPC group (p < 01). Ectopic mineralization was mostly found in the EPCs group, and can be attributed to the recruitment of endogenous mesenchymal cells ten days after transplantation (p < 0.0001). Stromal derived factor-1 gene was expressed at high levels in EPCs and controlled the migration of mesenchymal and endothelial cells towards EPC conditioned medium in vitro. Blocking SDF-1 receptors on both cells abolished cell migration. In conclusion, EPCs contribute to osteogenesis mainly by the secretion of SDF-1, that stimulates homing of endothelial and mesenchymal cells. This data may be used to accelerate bone formation in the future.
Parallel Acquisition of Plasma Membrane Ultrastructure and Cytosolic Protein Localisation in Cultured Cells via Correlated Immunogold SEM
Authors: Begemann Isabell , Keller Ulrike , Nüsse Harald , Klingauf Jürgen , Galic Milos
Published: May 2020

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) takes advantage of distinct detectors to visualise secondary and back-scattering electrons. Here, we report an integrated approach that relies on these two detection methods to simultaneously acquire correlated information on plasma membrane topography and curvature-sensitive cytosolic protein localization in intact cell samples. We further provide detailed preparation and staining protocols, as well as a thorough example-based discussion for imaging optimisation. Collectively, the presented method enables rapid and precise analysis of cytosolic proteins adjacent to cellular membranes with a resolution of ~100 nm, without time-consuming preparations or errors induced by sequential visualisation present in fluorescence-based correlative approaches.
Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and Axon Regeneration after Optic Nerve Transection is Driven by Cellular Intravitreal Sciatic Nerve Grafts
Authors: Ahmed Zubair , Suggate Ellen L. , Logan Ann , Berry Martin
Published: May 2020

Neurotrophic factors (NTF) secreted by Schwann cells in a sciatic nerve (SN) graft promote retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon regeneration after either transplantation into the vitreous body of the eye or anastomosis to the distal stump of a transected optic nerve. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective and growth stimulatory properties of SN grafts in which Schwann cells had been killed (acellular SN grafts, ASN) or remained intact (cellular SN grafts, CSN). We report that both intravitreal (ivit) implanted and optic nerve anastomosed CSN promote RGC survival and when simultaneously placed in both sites, they exert additive RGC neuroprotection. CSN and ASN were rich in myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and axon growth-inhibitory ligand common to both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin. The penetration of the few RGC axons regenerating into an ASN at an optic nerve transection (ONT) site is limited into the proximal perilesion area, but is increased >2-fold after ivit CSN implantation and increased 5-fold into a CSN optic nerve graft after ivit CSN implantation, potentiated by growth disinhibition through the regulated intramembranous proteolysis (RIP) of p75NTR (the signalling trans-membrane moiety of the nogo-66 trimeric receptor that binds MAG and associated suppression of RhoGTP). Mϋller cells/astrocytes become reactive after all treatments and maximally after simultaneous ivit and optic nerve CSN/ASN grafting. We conclude that simultaneous ivit CSN plus optic nerve CSN support promotes significant RGC survival and axon regeneration into CSN optic nerve grafts, despite being rich in axon growth inhibitory molecules. RGC axon regeneration is probably facilitated through RIP of p75NTR, which blinds axons to myelin-derived axon growth-inhibitory ligands present in optic nerve grafts.
Transposon-Based CAR T Cells in Acute Leukemias: Where Are We Going?
Authors: Magnani Chiara F. , Tettamanti Sarah , Alberti Gaia , Pisani Ilaria , Biondi Andrea , Serafini Marta , Gaipa Giuseppe
Published: May 2020

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has become a new therapeutic reality for refractory and relapsed leukemia patients and is also emerging as a potential therapeutic option in solid tumors. Viral vector-based CAR T-cells initially drove these successful efforts; however, high costs and cumbersome manufacturing processes have limited the widespread clinical implementation of CAR T-cell therapy. Here we will discuss the state of the art of the transposon-based gene transfer and its application in CAR T immunotherapy, specifically focusing on the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system, as a valid cost-effective and safe option as compared to the viral vector-based systems. A general overview of SB transposon system applications will be provided, with an update of major developments, current clinical trials achievements and future perspectives exploiting SB for CAR T-cell engineering. After the first clinical successes achieved in the context of B-cell neoplasms, we are now facing a new era and it is paramount to advance gene transfer technology to fully exploit the potential of CAR T-cells towards next-generation immunotherapy.