bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impactos del conflicto armado sobre la conservación y los nuevos territorios y su relación con el posconflicto
Authors: Cárdenas Rubiano Fabián Mateo
Published: December 2021

Colombia es considerado como uno de los países con mayor biodiversidad del mundo, razón por la cual, es necesario caracterizar sus ecosistemas y su estado actual para así poder establecer su importancia y el nivel de conservación que requieren. El conflicto armado en Colombia es un factor que influye en gran medida sobre los aspectos de conservación de la biodiversidad, debido a que la presencia de los grupos armados al margen de la ley no permite el acceso a ciertas zonas del país sobre las que se encuentra gran parte de dicha biodiversidad. Asimismo, las actividades realizadas por los grupos armados en estas zonas representan un gran reto para la conservación, ya que entre las principales actividades se encuentra la deforestación, en gran parte para dar paso a los cultivos ilícitos. En consecuencia, se dificulta la identificación de las potenciales pérdidas de biodiversidad generadas por estas actividades. Recientemente el acuerdo de paz firmado entre el gobierno colombiano y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC), ha permitido el cese a las hostilidades y el repliegue de dichos grupos en zonas de importancia científica, lo cual facilitaría los procesos de investigación y determinación de potenciales nuevos territorios para la conservación.
Analyzing cultural expatriates' attitudes toward “Englishnization” using dynamic topic modeling
Authors: Zhang Ziyuan
Published: December 2021

Several Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs) have recently adopted an English-only policy known as “Englishnization”. This study examines the impact of this policy using computer-assisted text analysis to investigate changes in cultural expatriates’ perceptions of Japanese work practices and values over time. Cultural expatriates are a significant but underexplored outcome of globalization. Despite the recent proliferation of studies on the internationalization of Japanese MNCs, few studies have focused on cultural expatriates' perceptions of corporate language policy in social media texts. This study analyzes a corpus of 208 posts from Rakuten, a Japanese MNC, on Glassdoor from 2009 to 2020. The findings suggest that these posts can be divided into three content groups: the threat of a foreign corporate culture, embracing the Rakuten way, and perceptions of leadership and marginalized status. Further, the posts reveal how Rakuten’s corporate language policy, as an instrument of internal internationalization, impacts external internationalization. The dynamics of “Englishnization’’ reveal a pressing issue facing Rakuten: namely, how to balance multinational cohesion with monolingualism and multiculturalism. This paper aims to demonstrate that dynamic topic modeling could enhance our understanding of the manner in which cultural expatriates and the English-only policy affect the internationalization of Japanese MNCs. It contributes to the literature by examining cultural expatriates’ perceptions of Japanese work practices and values from a diachronic perspective.
A Sultan in Autumn
Authors: Cagaptay Soner
Published: December 2021

Recep Tayyip Erdogan has ruled Turkey for nearly two decades. Here, Soner Cagaptay, a leading authority on the country, offers insights on the next phase of Erdogan’s rule. His dwindling support base at home, coupled with rising opposition, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, and Turkey’s weak economy, would appear to threaten his grip on power. Moreover, Erdogan’s relationship with Russian president Vladimir Putin is fragile, as is his rapport with U.S. president Joe Biden.

How will he react?

In this exceptional analysis, Cagaptay casts Erdogan as an inventor of nativist populist politics in the twenty-first century. The Turkish president knows how to polarize the electorate to boost his base, and how to wield oppressive tactics when polarization alone cannot win elections. Cagaptay contends that Erdogan will cling to power, by hook or by crook—with unfortunate costs for Turkey’s citizens, institutions, and allies. Turkey is the oldest democracy and the largest economy between Germany and India, and as a result, Erdogan’s moves will have ramifications beyond Turkey’s borders. The associated dynamics—and what they portend for the United States—make A Sultan in Autumn a must read for all those interested in Turkey and the geopolitics of the next decade.
Palestine Across Millennia
Authors: Masalha Nur
Published: December 2021

Palestine, of all countries on earth, is one of the most densely saturated places of cultural and religious significance. Situated in the middle of the Fertile Crescent– the ‘cradle of civilisations’ – and ancient trade routes, Palestine and the Palestinians were closely associated with the early alphabetical writing and many of the intellectual revolutions of the past four millennia. Yet Palestine’s remarkable history of scholarship and education has been overlooked and replaced by the perception – often advocated by Zionist narratives – that for centuries the country was a ‘black hole’ of nothingness, devoid of literacy and education.

In this magisterial cultural history of the Palestinians, Nur Masalha illuminates the entire history of Palestinian learning with specific reference to writing, education, literary production and the intellectual revolutions in the country. The book introduces this long cultural heritage to demonstrate that Palestine was not just a ‘holy land’ for the four monotheistic religions – Islam, Christianity Judaism and Samaritanism – rather, the country evolved to become a major international site of classical education and knowledge production in multiple languages including Greek, Syriac, Arabic, Hebrew and Latin. The cultural saturation of the country is found then, not solely in landmark mosques, churches and synagogues, but in scholarship, historic schools, colleges, famous international libraries and archival centres.

The unique book introduces these renowned institutions, movements and multiple historical periods together for the first time, presenting them as part of a cumulative and incremental intellectual advancement and not disconnected periods of educational excellence. In doing so, this multifaceted intellectual history transforms the orientations of scholarly research on Palestine and propels current historical knowledge on education and literacy in Palestine to new heights.
Building Materials
Authors: Lloyd Thomas Katie
Published: December 2021

At a time of unprecedented levels of change in the production of building materials and their deployment in construction, better theoretical and historical tools are needed to understand these new developments and how they are altering the practices and concepts of architecture. Building Materials offers a radical rethink of how materials, as they are constituted in architectural practice, are themselves constructed and, in turn, uncovers a vast and neglected resource of architectural writing about materials as they are mobilized in architecture.

The book is unique in conceiving architectural specification as a starting point for architectural theory, arguing that how materials are prescribed – through a range of practices from the literal processes of procurement and manufacture to epistemological, contractual, social and economic frameworks – radically alters their potential in architecture. Drawing on the work of French philosopher Gilbert Simondon, as well as rare archival materials of specifications, the book reveals why materials do not pre-exist their shaping or use in the world, but come into being through the processes that constitute them.

The book addresses three distinct methods of specification each through the lens of a different material – ‘naming’ through timber, ‘process-based’ through concrete, and ‘performance specification’ through glass – in turn revealing how the process of architectural specification (or ‘Preliminary Operations’ as Simondon puts it) allows for development of specific relationships between material and function.
Making World English
Authors: Malouf Michael G.
Published: December 2021

Uncovering the role of literature, late imperialism, and the rise of new models of internationalism as integral to the invention of Global English, this book focuses on three key figures from the “Vocabulary Control Movement” - C.K. Ogden, Harold Palmer, and Michael West - who competed for market share for their respective language teaching systems - Basic English, the Palmer Method, and the New Method - through battles over word lists and teaching methods in the 1920s and 30s.

Drawing on archives from the Carnegie Corporation and considering language teaching in eight global sites, this book analyzes how a series of conferences in New York and London resolved their conflicts and produced a consolidated, international standard form of English. As a postcolonial approach to the development of the field of English Language Teaching, it reveals how these language debates were proxy battles over an idealized global subject: an urban, secular, consumer moving seamlessly between the tribal and global, speaking both mother tongues and an international lingua franca, Global English.

Featuring analysis of the primary texts of each of the three key figures in this book as well as close readings of their readers, which featured adaptations of well-known literary texts from writers like Poe, Dickens, Wordsworth, Milton and Wells, it recovers a neglected history of English as it was redefined as an international language through anti-colonial resistance in the peripheries and transatlantic power struggles in the metropole during the interwar period.
Faulkner, Aviation, and Modern War
Authors: Zeitlin Michael
Published: December 2021

Faulkner, Aviation, and Modern War frames William Faulkner’s airplane narratives against major scenes of the early 20th century: the Great War, the rise of European fascism in the 1920s and 30s, the Second World War, and the aviation arms race extending from the Wright Flyer in 1903 into the Cold War era. Placing biographical accounts of Faulkner’s time in the Royal Air Force Canada against analysis of such works as Soldiers’ Pay (1926), “All the Dead Pilots” (1931), Pylon (1935), and A Fable (1954), this book situates Faulkner’s aviation writing within transatlantic historical contexts that have not been sufficiently appreciated in Faulkner’s work.

Michael Zeitlin unpacks a broad selection of Faulkner’s novels, stories, film treatments, essays, book reviews, and letters to outline Faulkner’s complex and ambivalent relationship to the ideologies of masculine performance and martial heroism in an age dominated by industrialism and military technology.
Penerapan Finite State Automata Pada Vending Machine Parfum Laundry Pakaian
Authors: Desvia Yessica Fara , Rosadi Rosadi , Frieyadie Frieyadie , Haryanti Tuti , Gata Windu
Published: December 2021

Abstrak: Parfum banyak digemari oleh berbagai kalangan, salah satunya adalah parfum laundry. Parfum laundry memiliki berbagai macam varian aroma, meliputi aroma buah, aroma bunga, aroma perpaduan buah dan bunga, dan aroma kayu-kayuan. Parfum laundry ini merupakan rangkaian akhir dalam proses laundry. Saat ini pelanggan menerima hasil laundry dengan aroma parfum yang dipilih secara random sesuai ketersediaan pihak laundry, hal ini menjadi masalah karena pelanggan tidak dapat memilih aroma parfum laundry sesuai dengan keinginan mereka. Dengan alasan tersebut maka diperlukan suatu rancangan sebuah Vending Machine (VM), rancangan VM ini menggunakan metode Finite State Automata (FSA) dengan jenis Non-Deterministic Finite Automata (NFA), metode tersebut digunakan karena dapat mengakomodir lebih dari satu kondisi dalam satu pilihan. Metode FSA jenis NFA dibuat dengan tahapan analisa proses bisnis, diagram state, desain VM dan pengujian. Hasil dari penelitian ini dengan adanya VM pemilihan parfum laundry pakaian, maka mempermudah pelanggan untuk dapat memilih parfum laundry sehingga pelanggan memperoleh hasil laundry dengan aroma parfum sesuai pilihan mereka.

 

Kata kunci: finite state automata, parfum laundry, vending machine

 

Abstract: Perfume is much favored by various circles, one of which is laundry perfume. Laundry perfume has a wide range of scent variants, including fruity scents, floral scents, fruity floral scents, and woody scents. This laundry perfume is the final line in the laundry process. Currently customers receive laundry results with perfume scents selected randomly according to the availability of the laundry party, this is a problem because customers cannot choose laundry perfume scents according to their wishes. For this reason, it is necessary to design a Vending Machine (VM), this VM design uses the Finite State Automata (FSA) method with the Non-Deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) type, this method is used because it can accommodate more than one condition in one choice. The FSA type of NFA method is made with the stages of business process analysis, state diagrams, VM design and testing. The results of this study with the VM in the selection of clothes laundry perfume, it makes it easier for customers to be able to choose laundry perfumes so that customers get laundry results with the perfume scent of their choice.

 

Keywords: finite state automata, laundry perfume, vending machine
Distance learning problems in the educational process of a university in a pandemic
Authors: Макарова В.В.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье представлены основные ограничения дистанционного обучения в эпоху экстремальных явлений: во-первых, слабая цифровая компетентность педагогов, которая не позволяет максимально использовать ресурсы педагогической деятельности посредством дистанционных технологий, формирование данной компетенции является важной задачей, реализация которой возможна через программы повышения квалификаций; во-вторых, несовершенная система дистанционного обучения, которая может быть внедрена в образовательный процесс как дополнение традиционному обучению, создание программного обеспечения требует как финансовых, так и трудовых ресурсов; в-третьих, слабая мотивация студентов к образовательной деятельности в процессе дистанционного обучения, которой должен управлять преподаватель, применяя активные методы обучения и координируя студентов на протяжении всего образовательного процесса. На основании полученных данных, предложены пути решения данных ограничений дистанционного обучения в эпоху экстремальных явлений.

This article presents the main limitations of distance learning in the era of extreme events: firstly, the weak digital competence of teachers, which does not allow the maximum use of the resources of pedagogical activity through distance technologies, the formation of this competence is an important task, the implementation of which is possible through advanced training programs; secondly, the imperfect distance learning system, which can be introduced into the educational process as an addition to traditional learning, the creation of software requires both financial and labor resources; thirdly, the weak motivation of students for educational activities in the process of distance learning, which must be managed by the teacher, using active teaching methods and coordinating students throughout the educational process. Based on the data obtained, ways of solving these limitations of distance learning in the era of extreme phenomena are proposed.
City schools and teacher training institutes of the Russian Empire: from project to implementation
Authors: Исхакова Р.Р.
Published: December 2021

Вторая половина 19 в. – время активного формирования системы начального и среднего образования для всех без исключения социальных слоев населения. Актуальность статьи заключается в исследовании парадигмы развития так называемой городской системы образования, форм и методов обучения городского населения Российской империи. Выявлено, что система образования для населения промышленно развитых городов была задумана по образцу аналогичного прусского опыт, однако под влиянием целого ряда обстоятельств, исследованных в статье, трансформировалась в эффективную модель связанных между собой учебных заведений: городские училища – учительские институты. Проанализированы основные принципы вновь образованной системы образования: организационные основы, постановка учебного процесса. Сделаны выводы о социальном значении этой системы образования, ее месте в образовательном пространстве дореволюционной России.

The second half of the 19th century was the time of active formation of the primary and secondary education system for all social strata of the population without exception. The relevance of the article lies in the study of the paradigm of the development of the so-called urban education system, forms and methods of teaching the urban population of the Russian Empire. It is revealed that the education system for the population of industrially developed cities was conceived on the model of a similar Prussian experience, however, under the influence of a number of circumstances investigated in the article, it was transformed into an effective model of interconnected educational institutions: urban schools – teachers' institutes. The basic principles of the newly formed education system are analyzed: organizational foundations, the formulation of the educational process. Conclusions are drawn about the social significance of this education system, its place in the educational space of pre-revolutionary Russia.
Non-Aqueous medium titrations of some 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-[3-(2-metylbenzoxy)-4-methoxybenzylideneamino]-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones
Authors: YÜKSEK Haydar , KUTANİS Osman , MANAP Sevda , ÖZDEMİR Gül , OCAK Zafer
Published: December 2021

A series of 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-[3-(2-metylbenzoxy)-4-methoxybenzylideneamino]-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (1-9) were titrated potentiometrically with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in four non-aqueous solvents such as isopropyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, acetonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and graphs were drawn for all cases. The half-neutralization potential values and the corresponding pKa values were determined by half neutralization method. Thus, the effects of solvents and molecular structure upon acidity were discussed.
Long- and Short-Term Temporal Variability in Cloud Condensation Nuclei Spectra in the Southern Great Plains
Authors: Perkins Russell J. , Marinescu Peter J. , Levin Ezra J. T. , Collins Don R. , Kreidenweis Sonia M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. When aerosol particles seed formation of liquid water droplets in the atmosphere, they are called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Different aerosols will act as CCN under different degrees of water supersaturation (relative humidity above 100 %) depending on their size and composition. In this work we build and analyze a best-estimate CCN spectrum product, tabulated at ~45 min resolution, generated using high quality data from eight independent instruments at the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains site. The data product spans a large supersaturation range, from 0.0001 to ~30 %, and time period, 5 years from 2009–2013 and is available on the ARM data archive. We leverage this added statistical power to examine relationships that are unclear in smaller datasets. Probability distributions of many aerosol and CCN metrics are found to exhibit skewed log-normal distribution shapes. Clustering analyses of CCN spectra reveal that the primary drivers of CCN differences are aerosol number size distributions, rather than hygroscopicity or composition, especially at supersaturations above 0.2 %, while also allowing for simplified understanding of seasonal and diurnal variations in CCN behaviour. The predictive ability of using limited hygroscopicity data with accurate number size distributions to estimate CCN spectra is investigated and uncertainties of this approach are estimated. Finally, the dynamics of CCN spectral clusters and concentrations are examined with cross-correlation and autocorrelation analyses, which assist in determining the time scales of changing CCN concentrations at different supersaturations and are important for cloud modelling studies.
The Effects of Internal Audit, Audit Committee and Firm Characteristics on Audit Fees in a Multi-Country and Industry Setting
Authors: Joshi Prem Lal , Deshmukh Ashutosh , Azibi Jamel
Published: December 2021

This paper examines the association between audit fees and attributes of internal audit (IA), audit committee (AC), as measured by independence and financial expertise, as well as characteristics of the firm. The determinants of audit fees have been extensively investigated in the prior literature, but the results are conflicting. We develop a comprehensive model from a multi-country and multi-industry perspective. A total of 3,136 companies covering a period of 10 years (2011-2020) with 15,247 observations from 55 countries were included in this study. We found that the most critical variables that have a significant positive effect on the audit fees are client size, leverage (risk), profitability, complexity, losses, AC independence, AC expertise and auditor size. The study also shows that audit pricing is significantly negatively related to foreign operations, auditor tenure, and internal audit independence. The results highlight variables that affect audit fees across a range of countries/industries.
Character Education Through Learning Method Field Trip In Kindergarten Kusuma Mulia Sugihwaras Purwoasri Kediri
Authors: Farhan Margiati
Published: December 2021

This Paper discusses: (1) the importance of planting efforts character in early childhood in early childhood institutions; (2) the learning activities a Field Trip that reflect the application of character education in early childhood institutions; and (3) the variety of characters who woke up as the effects of the application of the learning Field Trip in early childhood in early childhood institutions. Character education involves the planting of knowledge, the love and the planting of the behavior of the kindness that become a pattern/habit. The purpose of this study is to determine the success and impact of the use of learning methods Field Trip. The method used is to observe the activities of the Field Trip that reflect the character education for early childhood, among others, is a visit to the neighborhood, to a tourist place, to market, to shop, to an industry, to the boarding school, to school, to the hospital, as well as other places nearby with the environment agency.
Improvement Of Volyball Lower Passing Skills Through Jigsaw Learning Model In Class Ix-J Students Of Mtsn 4 Jombang
Authors: Faruk Umarul
Published: December 2021

This study aims to improve the mastery of the concept of passing down volleyball for class IX-J students at MTsN 4 Jombang in the 2019/2020 school year. The subjects of this study were students of class IX-J MTsN 4 Jombang in the 2019/2020 school year. The design of this research is that this research is a classroom action research so that the research design used in this study is a design of classroom action research (CAR). The research instrument consisted of learning observation sheets and student test sheets. The data from this study were analyzed using the formula for the average percentage score of the results of the research instrument. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in the average value of student learning outcomes from each research cycle, with details of the average score in the first cycle of (73.33%), the second cycle (86.66%), and the third cycle (96.66%). . The conclusion of this study is that the jigsaw learning model has the potential to improve the mastery of the concept of passing under volleyball for class IX-J MTsN 4 Jombang students in the 2019/2020 school year.
Analisis Tata Kelola Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian XYZ Menggunakan COBIT 2019
Authors: Ardi Prasetyo Thio Meiza , Melkior N.N. Sitokdana
Published: December 2021

The Ministry of XYZ's Data and Information Center is a supporting element that is under and responsible to the Minister through the Secretary General with the task of preparing governance and information technology management infrastructure, developing, and implementing information system innovations and data management and information presentation. Information technology management is carried out to facilitate the management, monitoring and evaluation of every business process and information technology to achieve organizational goals. COBIT 2019 is used to assist organizations in managing and optimizing existing information technology by examining the 10 existing design factors and then analyzing the level of capability in each of the top three domains. The result of this research is the capability level of the domains BAI02, BAI03, and BAI07, which is then made recommendations from the domains that have gaps.
The Role of Islamic Law in Convergence to Western Corporate Governance Features in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Khan Dr. Imtiaz
Published: December 2021

This article examines the role of Islamic Law in convergence to western corporate governance features in Pakistan. The recent financial crisis in the world highlighted the importance of good corporate governance features. This phenomenon highlighted the possibility of adopting an alternative to conventional financial system in Pakistan. Islamic finance has shown its presence in the wake of financial crisis in the world. Therefore, this articles analyses, in comparative perspective, the Islamic financial system viz a viz conventional financial system. It further analyses the possibility of convergence of corporate governance mechanism, which is key for good governance in any financial system, in Pakistan. It concludes that Islamic Financial System may be adopted as alternative financial system as well as corporate governance mechanism may be converged to western corporate governance features in Pakistan. However, while doing so Islamic norms may act as a litmus test which may not be as problematic as it appears at first sight.
Establishing Approaches and Practices Used by Midwives in Mental Health Assessment of Pregnant Women Making Visits to Antenatal Clinics in Public Health Facilities in Tharaka Nithi County
Authors: DM Kawira , LK Gitonga , ES Mukhwana
Published: December 2021

Mental health assessment is a critical practice to promote quality health among pregnant women and unborn children. The approaches and practices that midwives adopt at the antenatal clinics determined the mental health assessment success and the effectiveness of the subsequent treatment. Different studies concerning maternal mental health assessment have focused on issues of prevalence, barriers, and factors hindering or promoting assessment. However, there are limited studies exploring approaches and practices that enhance mental health screening. A sample of 45 midwives and 85 pregnant women was selected from public health facilities in TNC. Analysis of data and coding was done using SPSS with results presented in tables, bar graphs, and pie charts. Only 14% of midwives used training as an approach towards promoting mental health. Both midwives and pregnant women registered low involvement in providing information. The county government and the hospitals’ stakeholders should invest in approaches and practices that prioritize mental health assessment to prevent any mental health complications among pregnant women.

Key words: Maternal mental health; mental health assessment, pregnant women, midwives, approaches and practices.
Outdoor Background Radiation Levels in Mining Locations and Major Activity Areas of Ebonyi State, South-Eastern, Nigeria and Their Radiological Impacts
Authors: Igwe Sunday Elijah , Chiegwu Hyacienth Uche , Ohagwu Christopher Chukwuemeka
Published: December 2021

Background: Miners and the people living close to mining sites are exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation with or without their knowledge. This study was designed to evaluate the outdoor background radiation levels in some selected mining locations and major activity areas of Ebonyi State, South-Eastern, Nigeria and their radiological impacts.
Materials and Methods: The levels of background radiation in these mining areas were estimated using a well calibrated International Medicom CRM-100 Digital Radiation Monitor (survey meter). A cross-sectional survey was adopted for this study. Based on standard method, the radiation monitor was held at a distance of 1.0 meters above the ground and three readings taken at each location and the mean recorded. The radiation dose rates were calculated. A descriptive statistic and inferential statistic were used to summarize the data using statistical package for social Sciences SPSS version 21.
Results: The mean dose rate for all the mining locations studied is 0.269+0.039(µSv/hr) and OAEDR of 0.470+0.068(mSv/yr). The excess life cancer risk for adult and children are 1.645 x 10-3 and 1.175 x 10-3 in the mining areas respectively. The mean outdoor Annual Equivalent Dose Rate (OAEDR) for the mining locations of Ebonyi States was 0.470±0.068 and mean of the radiation dose values recommended by UNSCEAR (2008) was 2.4± 0.48. There was statistically significance mean difference between the mean of OAEDR and the UNCEAR recommended value (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: the outdoor background radiation levels emitted from the study area are within permissible limits for the general population. Therefore there is little risk of instantaneous radiation hazard within the mining areas of Ebonyi State.

Key words: Absorb dose, excess life Cancer risk, radiation hazard.
Thoughts on the application of quantum-based artificial intelligence for military purposes
Authors:   National University of Public Service, SZELECZKI Szilveszter
Published: December 2021

In today's information-based society, computer technology is developing rapidly, and thus the speed of operations is increasing exponentially. Fast and dynamic information processing has become one of the basic needs of countries and their organizations. Furthermore, higher levels of info-communication technologies can also be detected. In the field of computing, quantum computers are becoming more and more popular, and their current development process is particularly intense, which in turn has triggered a kind of competition between the countries interested in the subject. The estimated future usability of quantum computers for humans is currently being outlined. Regarding to the new computing capabilities, quantum informatics is closely related to artificial intelligence and military forces can gain unprecedented information superiority through the development.
Hình ảnh tiền cheo cưới trong ca dao Việt
Authors: Trần Thị Hoàng Mỹ
Published: December 2021

Trong nghi thức cưới xin xưa của người Việt, tục đóng “tiền cheo” cho làng xã đã trở thành luật và đồng thời cũng là thói quen văn hóa. Tuy nhiên, do những biến thiên của lịch sử, tục lệ ấy không còn nữa nhưng hình ảnh “tiền cheo cưới” vẫn là một biểu tượng đáng chú ý trong ca dao. Thông qua việc khảo sát một số bài ca dao có liên quan đến hình ảnh “tiền cheo”, bài viết góp một góc nhìn về lệ làng và nghi thức cưới xin truyền thống của người Việt đã dần bị thời gian quên lãng.
Chiến lược sinh sản của Tràm gió (Melaleuca cajuputi)
Authors: Dương Thị Minh Hoàng
Published: December 2021

Tràm gió (Melaleuca cajuputi) có cao điểm hoa nở vào tháng 9 và tháng 10, cấu tạo hoa phù hợp với hình thức thụ phấn nhờ côn trùng. Hạt phấn Tràm gió có dạng tam giác đều 3 mấu ngắn, không rãnh; đường kính trung bình: 41,5 ± 0,63 µm. Tỷ lệ hạt phấn hữu thụ thấp: 48,29% (mùa rộ) và 41,22%  (mùa rải rác). Ở loài này luôn tồn tại cả hình thức sinh sản hữu tính và sinh sản sinh dưỡng. Tuy nhiên, hiệu quả sinh sản hữu tính không cao. Sinh sản sinh dưỡng luôn chiếm ưu thế.
COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF KNOWLEDGE OF WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS IN VARNA REGION WITH OTHER FOREIGN GEOGRAPHIC ZONES
Authors:   Department Biology, Faculty Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria., Dimitrova Tsonka , Marinov Petko ,   Department Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria., Yaneva Galina ,   Department Biology, Faculty Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria., Ivanov Dobri ,   Department Biology, Faculty Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria.
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The interest in evaluation of real knowledge of wild edible mushrooms at individual and population level increases mainly in developing countries. The purpose of our inquiry study was to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of the wild mushrooms in a random sample from the population of Varna region in Bulgaria. Material/Methods: We performed an anonymous questionnaire investigation of 200 adult individuals, 100 males and 100 females, from Varna region, including 17 potential opinions from their personal knowledge of wild edible mushroom usage. Statistical data processing was performed using descriptive methods, variation and correlation analyses. Results: Most respondents acquired their knowledge of wild edible mushrooms from their relatives. From all 200 persons investigated 78 respondents were not capable of recognizing at least one wild edible mushroom at all. More respondents trusted other people, who have very good experience with preparation of wild mushrooms, thus relying on differentiation of a mushroom poison. Their awareness was associated with their capacity to properly recognize wild mushrooms as well as their long-term practice to recognize toxic mushrooms. Just a minority of respondents shared that wild mushrooms in their vicinity could be a problem and had a slight idea of mycotherapy. Only two females had heard about training for wild mushroom recognition. There were statistically significant correlation dependences between respondent’s awareness of wild edible mushrooms, on one hand, and individual sex status, educational level and main residence, on the other hand. Conclusion: Our study identified two most recognized wild edible mushroom species in Varna region, edible boletus (Boletus edulis Bull) and parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera S. F. Gray). Most respondents acquired their knowledge of wild edible mushrooms from relatives. A problem-oriented training of the population on this topic should be performed to improve awareness of common mushroom features and avoid mushroom poisoning.
The Implication of Digital Marketing that Influence the Political Decision to Vote
Authors: Ramli Yanto , Imaningsih Erna Sofriana , Shiratina Aldina , Soelton Mochamad
Published: December 2021

The intention of this research is to understand how did the winner of the election win the heart of the prospective voters and which of the variables that has the highest influence on the decision to vote for the candidate, the respective variables are: positioning and social media marketing towards the decision to vote in relating to the political marketing as the intervening variable. The data was collected from the distribution of questionnaire, the population are the voters of the election in West Java, Indonesia. This research is using Purposive Sampling as the data processing and the analysis tool is using Partial Least Square. The results indicate that both positioning and social media marketing have positive and significant effect towards political marketing, and the variable of positioning have the most significant influence towards decision to vote compare to social media marketing. The results show that the positioning of a candidate is very important to engage the decision of the voters to vote for them. Eventhough the social media marketing is also playing an important part to engage their voters.
Causes of Landslide and its Socio-economic Effects: a study on Chattogram City and Surrounding Areas, Bangladesh
Authors: Ali Md. Jahangir
Published: December 2021

Landslide is a regular hazard in Bangladesh especially in Chattogram, the South-Eastern part of the Country. In 2007 and 2008 there happened two massive landslides in Chattogram. As a result, a huge number of people (130 and 11 respectively) died with heavy loss of properties affecting thousands of people in the region. Most of the landslides happened after torrential rain. Combined effect of rainfall and hill cutting induced slope instability adding Earthquake-triggered landslide in Chattogram. Some influential people are involved in hill cutting and developing hilly settlements in Chattogram. In some places, Government and non-Government authorities are developing settlements by razing hills there. A detailed area planning, landslide vulnerability zoning, landslide database development, geophysical analysis, and strictly implementation of Government’s existing rules are recommended to ensure avoiding further tragedy in Chattogram like 2007 and 2008.
BİR EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİNDEKİ BASINÇ YARASI PREVALANSI VE RİSK FAKTÖRLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ: NOKTA PREVALANS ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ATEŞGÖZ Fidan , KÖSE Gülşah , SEKİ Züleyha , SAĞLIK Seval , KULAKSIZOĞLU Nilay , ÜLGEN Nilüfer , İNCİ Özlem
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesindeki basınç yarası nokta prevalansı ve basınç yarası ile ilişkili risk faktörlerini belirlemektir.

Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte gerçekleştirilen tek günlük nokta prevalans çalışması, 28 Kasım 2019 tarihinde Türkiye’de bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin yetişkin yoğun bakım üniteleri, dahili ve cerrahi kliniklerinde en az 48 saattir yatarak tedavi gören 369 hasta ile gerçekleştirildi. Verilerin toplanmasında hasta özellikleri formu, Braden Skalası, Glasgow Koma Skalası ile Avrupa Basınç Ülseri Danışma Paneli ve Ulusal Basınç Ülseri Danışma Paneli önerilerinde yer alan yara sınıflaması ve özelliklerinden oluşan yara tanılama formu kullanıldı. Verilerin analizi bağımsız örneklem t testi, ki-kare ve lojistik regresyon analizleri ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Araştırmadaki 369 hastanın 53 (%14.4)’ünde basınç yarası olduğu, hastane kaynaklı basınç yarası prevalansının %8.94 olduğu saptandı. Hastalarda tespit edilen basınç yarasının en sık (%41.5) Evre II olduğu ve en sık (%34) sakrumda olduğu belirlendi. Regresyon analizinde, nörolojik sistem (p=0.019) ve üriner sistem hastalığı olma (p=0.033), aktivitelerde tam (p=0.002) ya da yarım bağımlı olma (p=0.006), parenteral beslenme (p=0.043) ve Braden Skalasına göre yüksek (p=0.001) ve orta riskli (p=0.001) olmanın basınç yarası gelişimi riskini arttırdığı ve bağımsız risk faktörleri olduğu saptandı.

Sonuç: Nörolojik ve üriner sistem hastalığı olan, aktivite düzeyi kısıtlı olan, parenteral beslenen, Braden skalası skoruna göre yüksek ve orta riski olan hastalarda basınç yarası dikkatli değerlendirilmeli ve erken dönemde önlemler alınmalıdır.
SOCIAL ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, COPING SELF-EFFICACY, AND COPING STRATEGIES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Dugyala Madhuri , Poyrazlı Senel
Published: December 2021

The transition to college and its associated social challenges could trigger social anxiety and depression among young college students. There is a paucity of literature relating coping self-efficacy, coping strategies, social anxiety and depression. The current study aims to fill this gap by finding the contributions of gender, coping self-efficacy (CSE), and coping strategies onto the levels of social anxiety and depression among college students. It also aims to find race-ethnicity differences, considering students’ level of social anxiety and depression. One hundred and fifty-eight students were recruited from the undergraduate psychology subject pool at a northeastern university. The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Diagnostic Inventory for Depression, Coping Self-Efficacy Scale and Brief COPE were used to measure the study variables. A one-way ANOVA and simultaneous multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine data. There were no significant race-ethnicity differences in social anxiety, depressive symptom severity, psychosocial impairment, and quality of life. However, gender and self-blame significantly predicted social anxiety; substance use, behavioral disengagement, and self-blame significantly predicted depressive symptom severity; and social support CSE significantly predicted psychosocial impairment. Gender, dysfunctional coping strategies and social-support CSE were significantly associated with social anxiety and depression among college students. The results have important implications for treatment intervention and outreach by college counseling personnel.
Knowledge and Use of Over the Counter Analgesics among Medical and Nonmedical Students of the University of Lagos
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria, Olugbake O.A. , Akinola A.A. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria, Ekiran O.O. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria
Published: December 2021

Background: Use of analgesics for pain alleviation is common. Analgesics are widely available and are generally perceived to be safe. Studies evaluating students’ use of analgesics elsewhere exists, but limited data is available about knowledge and use in Nigeria. Objectives: To assess knowledge and use of over the counter (OTC) analgesics among undergraduate students of the University of Lagos. Method: The study was carried out among medical and nonmedical undergraduate students of the University of Lagos. Data was collected using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire which consisted of 35 close-ended questions relating to use and knowledge about analgesics. Knowledge was assessed using a set of seven questions. Correct scores were summed up and categorized as poor or good. Frequencies, percentages and statistical inferences were done using SPSS version 20.0 Results: About 405 students responded with about two-thirds reporting using analgesics, paracetamol being the most commonly used. The most common indications for use were headache, general body pain and menstrual pain. Respondents revealed that playing an active role in their health (28.2%) and avoid long waiting hours at the clinic (25.4%) were the major reasons for analgesic use. Even though medical students had a higher average score of knowledge than nonmedical students (2.71 vs. 1.60; χ2= 3.36: p = 0.0445), their knowledge was still poor. Conclusion: OTC analgesic use is prevalent among students and is attributed to their need to play an active role in their health and avoid long waiting times at the clinic. Both medical and non-medical students’ knowledge about analgesics was poor.
Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus Co-Morbidity: Lessons to Learn From HIV/AIDS
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria, Ayeni F.A. , Oyetunde O.O. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria, Aina B.A. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria
Published: December 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) and Diabetes mellitus (DM) are among the top ten causes of morbidity and mortality globally, with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) also causing significant mortality as well. The HIV-TB link has been well recognized since the beginning of the HIV epidemic, but link between TB and DM has only returned to the fore-front recentlyafter effective treatments for each condition reduced the association that was reported earlier in thetwentieth century. Recently also, urbanization, increasing age and sedentary lifestyle has led to an increase in diabetes prevalence. Diabetes mellitus is associated with a 3-fold incident risk of tuberculosis and, to a lesser extent, tuberculosis may also increase the risk of developing diabetes. Both diseasesinteract negatively at multiple levels, exacerbating and worsening the outcomes of the other. The impact of these co-morbidities particularly in developing countries of Sub Saharan Africa, of which Nigeria is one, is likely to be large. An increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus may hinder efforts aimed at tuberculosis control, making successful TB treatment and control more difficult. Improved management of tuberculosis and diabetes could build on the successes of the TB-HIV/AIDS collaborative activities, and DOTS strategy, which emphasizes support to patients, as well as a reliable supply of quality-assured medicines. This review aims to examine the association between these two important diseases, and explore ways to manage and reduce mortality caused by the duo.
Diabetes-related Distress and Self-care Practices among Patients attending two Secondary Care Hospitals in Lagos - A strategy for tailored Interventions
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria, Onwuchuluba E.E. , Aina B.A. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria;, Ngolube C.P. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria;, Ogbonna B.O. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Published: December 2021

Background: The challenges of diabetes mellitus are huge. Keeping up with the daily requirements of a life-long chronic illness is rigorous.Objectives: This study assessed diabetes-related distress and self-care practices and determined the extent to which they impact each other. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out among patients attending follow-up diabetic clinic of two secondary health care facilities in Lagos over a three-month period. One hundred and seventy-six type 2 diabetes patients that met the inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited.Patients’ diabetes-related distress and self-care practices were assessed using a interviewer-administered questionnaire that incorporated two validated measures - The Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS17) and the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA: 11 items). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. P-values of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 176 respondents, 70% were females, 73.9% were 51 years and above and 67% had poor glycaemic control (FBS=135.7 ± 47.48mg/dl). The mean score for Total Diabetes Distress (TDD) is 2.89 ± 0.90. Majority (64%) viewed emotional burden (3.30± 1.38) and regimen-related distress (3.35± 1.45) as moderate distress. Dieting was adequate among respondents with “Special diet” being the most frequently practiced (3.58±1.73 days/week). Dieting is associated with total diabetes distress, emotional burden, regimen-related distress and physician-related distress (˂0.001). Regimen-related distress is also associated with glycaemic control (p=0.037). Conclusion: Diabetes distress and low self-care practices are common and impact each other. Targeted interventions incorporating emotional support and effective communication is critical.