bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is hip-muscle weakness associated with impaired foot postures in volleyball players?
Authors: OZER Feridun Fikret , ŞİMŞEK Deniz , KÜÇÜK Nuran , BIDIL Semra
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to explore the differences in the distributions of plantar pressure in dynamic states and assess the strength profiles in the hip muscle of professional volleyball players according to foot posture index. Dynamic plantar pressure distributions were evaluated via the Pedar®-X plantar pressure insole during walking. Load Cell sensors was used isometrically to measure hip adductor/abductor muscle strength. Independent-Samples T-Test was performed and according to Levene’s homogeneity test results. Pearson correlation coefficient was performed to understand relationship between the variables. For these measurements, a significance level was set as p<0.05. The right adductor and abductor, left adductor strength of the prone group had significantly lower than the neutral group (p <.05). Also,  plantar pressure distributions of volleyball players with prone feet was distributed evenly across metatarsal bones, but highly uniformly on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd metatarsal head and midfoot regions in dynamic walking. Results between neutral and prone foot posture group was found a modarate negative relationship (r = -.570; -,529) between both right and left adductor hip strenght and foot posture. Finally, right and left abductor hip strenght to foot posture a low negative relationship was found (r = -.471; -375). Reduced strength of the hip abductor relative to adductor is associated with increased pronation at the foot. Furthermore, the decrease in arch height increased the risk of lower extremity injuries related to excessive use, including patellofemoral pain syndrome and medial tibial stress syndrome, as well as may having a negative effect on the jumping performance.
Uncovering the motivational structure of exercise: A study of the impact of demographic variables
Authors: Vučković Vojko , Kajtna Tanja
Published: April 2023

This study examined the relationship between demographic variables and exercise motivation. 764 exercisers from the 18 largest Slovenian fitness clubs completed the Exercise Motivation Inventory-2 questionnaire, which was combined with other demographic questions. The analysis confirmed that men exercise different reasons than women. Young adults crave social recognition and exposure, but also want to get stronger and compete with others. Older adults exercise because they want to recover, stay healthy, control their weight, and stay mobile. Participants who played competitive sports in their youth now exercise because they enjoy exercise, feel challenged, and compete, but also because they want to be recognized socially more than non-competitors who exercise primarily for health reasons. Single people have statistically significantly different motivations to exercise than people who are in a relationship or married, mainly affiliation and social recognition. In contrast, married people exercise mainly for health reasons. Employment status also has an impact on exercise motivation, as does education. People with higher education levels exercise more for health reasons, while less educated people exercise for challenge, competition, and social recognition. These findings highlight the practical importance of motivational structure among athletes from different demographic backgrounds.
Athletes health in international sport federations main documents participating at 2021 Olympic Games in Tokyo
Authors: Čuk Ivan , Filipcic Ales
Published: April 2023

The International Olympic Committee sets the direction for the development of sport, and international sports federations are responsible for incorporating that direction into their rules to maintain their presence at the Olympics. At the 2021 Tokyo Olympic Games, 33 international sports federations represented with their sports. We have analyzed the statutes of 33 international sports federations based on the keywords "health", "medicine", "doping" and "injuries". Doping is mentioned in all major documents, health is omitted by 30% of federations, medicine is not mentioned by 21% of federations, and only eight international sports federations mention injuries, representing 24% of federations. From the data on doping and injuries in sports, we can conclude that doping is a minor problem compared to injuries. The main reason for acute and chronic injuries could be related to the technical rules for practicing the sport, not to the constitution. If the number of injuries is to be reduced, the technical rules should be changed first, as the injury statistics per sport show.
Proses Persalinan Dan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Abortus
Authors: Gustika Anggriani  , Turiyani
Published: April 2023

Abortus adalah tindakan penghentian kehamilan sebelum janin dapat hidup di luar kandungan sebelum usia 20 minggu kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian ini hubungan antara proses persalinan dan status gizi dengan kejadian abortus di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah. Metode penelitian bersifat analitik, dengan mengunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil diruang maternitas di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Prabumulih. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik sampel random sampling yaitu sebanyak 254 responden. Instrumen penelitian berupa checklist. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisa bivariat, dari 93 responden  yang mengalami proses persalinan spontan terdapat 60 orang (23,6%) mengalami kejadian abortus, dari 132 responden yang mengalami proses persalinan tindakkan terdapat 53  orang (20,9%) mengalami kejadian abortus, dari 29 responden  yang belum pernah mengalami proses persalinan terdapat 9 orang (3,5%) mengalami kejadian abortus, dari 114 responden yang memiliki status gizi normal terdapat 8 orang (3,1%) mengalami abortus.  Simpulan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara proses persalinan dengan abortus dengan  nilai Pvalue 0,000< α 0,05, ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan abortus dengan  nilai Pvalue 0,000< α 0,05.
Tenis 10s: El Cambio de Reglas Conlleva un Ajuste Metodológico
Authors: Gonzalez Richard
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo propone una reflexión sobre la necesidad de acompañar a la implementación del cambio de reglas adoptado por la ITF en el Tenis 10s de un ajuste metodológico fundamental. Se presentan los aspectos más relevantes del programa de Tenis 10s y se justifica la importancia de esta evolución metodológica centrándose en los beneficios para los jugadores iniciantes. Finalmente se reflexiona sobre un aspecto clave como es la competición bien enfocada, gran motor del proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje en la iniciación.
The Effect of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Seed Ethanol Extract on Blood Sugar Levels and Anti-Inflammatory Reduction on Wistar Albino Rats Streptozotocin-Induced Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Manurung Basaria , Lim Hadyanto , Martiar Siahaan Jekson , Juli Anto Endy , C Eyanoer Putri , Poddar Sandeep
Published: April 2023

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate tolerance that results in increased blood sugar levels and was first recognised during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. It is a health problem that has a direct impact on the health of the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Seed Ethanol Extract on reducing Blood Sugar Levels and Inflammation in Wistar Albino Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus induced by Streptozotocin. This study used a laboratory experimental research design with a post-test only control group design on Wistar Albino Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The sample was obtained by the simple random sampling method. The results showed that the lowest spectrophotometer KGD level was in group C given Streptozotocin 45mg/kg BW + Metformin 45mg/kg BW with a p value of 0.003, which means there was a significant difference between groups and the lowest Interleukin-6 level. In group C, they were given Streptozotocin 45mg/kg BW + Metformin 45mg/kg BW with a p value of 0.511, meaning there was no significant difference between groups. Jackfruit seed ethanol extract functions as a lowering of blood sugar levels and an anti-inflammatory.
Impact of Covid-19 on Mental Health among Medical Students
Authors: Mahadeva Rao U.S. , Zin Thant , M Suganya , A/L Kanasan Jivaneswaran , Bin Afriezul Afnan Anaqi , Amirah Binti Roslan Siti Hajar , Bt Che Seman Nur Syakirah , Mohamad Ali Khan Maizun Binti
Published: April 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health crisis affecting several nations. Such widespread outbreaks are associated with adverse mental health consequences. Objectives: To conduct a survey-based assessment of mental health among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aimed at identifying severity levels of depression and anxiety, stressors related to the pandemic, and barriers students experienced in handling the pandemic-related stress. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was chosen as the study design for this research to study the association between demographic social and mental health among medical students during the pandemic COVID-19. Results: The results of this study were collected by respondents through questionnaires as the respondents were needed to answer about 16 questions and the main question was asked mostly about their mental health condition during the pandemic COVID-19. 101 respondents participated in the study. Discussion: the impact of COVID-19 on mental health among medical students has been studied. Due to the long-lasting pandemic situation and numerous measures such as lockdown and stay-at-home orders, COVID-19 brings negative impacts on higher education of medical students, self and social isolation, disconnection from friends and teachers resulting in more medical students than ever experiencing feelings of helplessness, isolation, grief, anxiety and depression. The issue of mental health is not only relevant but crucial. Demand for health support services has increased exponentially as a result. Conclusion: In this study, severity levels of depression and anxiety, stressors related to the pandemic, and barriers students experienced in handling the pandemic-related stress have increased due to many factors such as social isolation, own health and the health of loved ones, financial difficulties, suicidal thoughts, depressive thoughts, class workload, changes in living environment, eating patterns and sleeping habits.
Psoriasis Comorbidities and Shared Disease Mechanisms – An Investigation using Systems Biology approaches
Authors: D. Subhashini , Alex Anand Daniel
Published: April 2023

Comorbidity, or co-existing diseases and disorders, often contribute to the patient's overall burden. Psoriasis is a unique example of this. Investigating comorbidities in psoriasis patients is a time-consuming, laborious, and expensive process. To avoid these demerits, it is ideal to detect the possible comorbidities by exploiting the information from datasets deposited in NCBI. Once the comorbidities are identified through bio tools, they can be verified in patients with the required experimental tests. Patients with psoriasis will be able to receive better treatment because of these findings. Hence, in this study, we have utilized the Network Analyst tool to identify the comorbidities associated with psoriasis. We are reporting the protein interaction of fifteen subnetworks, whose GO CC and Reactome pathways were investigated. Notably, subnetwork 2 was involved in xenobiotic metabolism and GABA synthesis. Subnetworks 3, 9, 10, and 13 were associated with the synthesis of sphinganine, galanin, circadian proteins, and urea, respectively. Subnetwork 4 proteins synthesized bile acids and 25-hydroxy cholesterol, whereas subnetworks 7 and 16 produced chemokines, CXCL10 and CXCL1 respectively. The later subnetworks along with subnetwork 9 were involved in G alpha (i) signaling events. Due to the up-regulation of certain proteins in these subnetworks, they cause various types of diseases. The development of comorbidities from these subnetworks is lime lighted.
A New Family of Number Sequences: Leonardo-Alwyn Numbers
Authors: Gökbaş Hasan
Published: April 2023

In this study, we define a new type of number sequence called Leonardo-Alwyn sequence. We obtain the Binet formula, generating function and some relations for these numbers. Moreover, we give the matrix representation of the Leonardo-Alwyn numbers.
Phenological mismatches and the demography of solitary bees
Authors: Vázquez Diego
Published: April 2023

Species respond idiosyncratically to environmental variation, which may generate phenological mismatches. We assess the consequences of such mismatches for solitary bees. During 9 years, we studied flowering phenology and nesting phenology and demography of five wood-nesting solitary bee species representing a broad gradient of specialization/generalization in the use of floral resources. We found that the reproductive performance and population growth rate of bees tended to be lower with increasing nesting–flowering mismatches, except for the most generalized bee species. Our findings help elucidate the role of phenological mismatches for the demography of wild pollinators, which perform key ecosystem functions and provide important services for humanity. Furthermore, if climate change increases phenological mismatches in this system, we expect negative consequences of climate change for specialist bees.
Biologia dell’abbraccio
Authors: Panza Costantino
Published: April 2023

Hug biology Tactile signals and body contacts have a communicative meaning of great importance in our species, which is characterized by a distinct social life. Proximity care and hugging are forms of offspring care in the first months of life present in all cultures. This month’s article describes recent scientific advances in understanding the physiological changes in infants and adults during a hug and how pediatricians can offer helpful advice to parents to promote infant caregiving.
La terapia breve per la polmonite acquisita in comunità è superiore alla terapia tradizionale: i risultati del RCT SCOUT-CAP
Authors: Gruppo di lettura di Parma
Published: April 2023

Brief therapy for community-acquired pneumonia is superior to traditional therapy: findings from SCOUT-CAP RCT This US multicenter study of good methodological quality, with an innovative method of enrollment of 380 uncomplicated cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) on the third day of antibiotic therapy, is the first one to demonstrate the superiority a short antibiotic therapy (5 days) in children aged 6-71 months compared to the traditional one. The RADAR score used by the authors to assess superiority considers not only the clinical response to therapy and resolution of symptoms but also the presence and severity of adverse effects of antibiotic therapy (box.1). Slightly less than 10% of children in each strategy have an inadequate clinical response. Short therapy has a 69% probability (95% CI, 63-75) of presenting a more desirable RADAR score than standard therapy. In addition, the authors performed antibiotic resistance (resistoma) gene analysis for a group of 171 children. The average number of antibiotic resistance genes per prokaryotic cell (RGPC) was significantly lower with short therapy and thus helpful in counteracting the problematic phenomenon of antibiotic resistance.
Echoes of Central European Battlefields on the Eastern Adriatic Coast: The Thirty Years’ War Veterans Serving as capi da guerra under the Banner of St. Mark in Dalmatia during the War of Crete
Authors: Novosel Filip
Published: April 2023

This article focuses on some questions concerning the complex phenomenon of the perpetuation of early modern military activities through a case study of the presence of the capi da guerra, foreign military commanders in the Venetian service during the War of Crete situated in its province of Dalmatia and Albania. The fact alone that more than half of the capi da guerra engaged in the War of Crete were actually veterans from the Thirty Years’ War, many of them situated in Dalmatia, shows the significance of their impact on the Venetian army. These military entrepreneurs, the main actors in the exchange of military knowledge, combined with the growing internationalization of European armies of the time, both reflect and produce the dynamic exchange and adaptations of military innovations that affected the whole continent, including such borderland areas as the coast of the eastern Adriatic.
Índice de mulheres que sofreram violência doméstica na cidade de Manaus de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2021
Authors: Cardoso Sigrid Maria Loureiro de Queiroz , Boita Flaviane Leismann , Alencar Luana Tereza Rodrigues Alves
Published: April 2023

Introdução: Para conter o aumento dos casos do novo coronavírus, o SARS-CoV-2, nomeado como COVID-19, o mecanismo adotado pela comunidade científica foi o isolamento social. Com isso, o cotidiano das famílias mudou radicalmente e, logo nos primeiros meses em todo os países, observou-se um aumento dos casos de violência doméstica. Sob essa perspectiva, o cotidiano das famílias altera-se radicalmente e traz à tona uma problemática: o aumento dos casos de violência doméstica. Objetivos: Retratar o índice de mulheres que sofreram violência doméstica na cidade de Manaus de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2021. Materiais e métodos: Pesquisa de análise documental, de caráter descritivo e com abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: Quanto à lesão corporal, com base na Secretaria do Estado de Segurança Pública de Manaus, o ano de 2020 apresentou o maior número de casos, com 3.023, seguido de 2019 com 2.492 e 2021 com 1.572, revelando aumento de 23% em comparação ao ano de 2018 (anterior à pandemia). A respeito do estupro, o ano de 2019 apresentou o maior número de casos, totalizando 855, seguido de 2020 com 690 e 2021 com 590. Entretanto, demonstra queda de 13% quando contraposto a quatro anos atrás, antes do isolamento social. Em contrapartida, o feminicídio apresentou destaque no ano de 2020, com 13 casos, seguidos por 12 casos em 2021 e três em 2019, apresentando aumento de 69% quando comparado ao ano de 2018. Conclusões: Perante esses dados, observa-se que a violência doméstica, no âmbito da lesão corporal e feminicídio, apresentou aumento quando comparada ao ano antes da pandemia, em 23 e 69%, respectivamente. Todavia, os índices de estupro revelaram queda de 13% quando contrastados aos de 2018. Com isso, diante dos elevados índices de lesão corporal e feminicídio, vê-se que o cotidiano das famílias mudou radicalmente mediante o isolamento social e escancara-se a violência doméstica. Sendo assim, urge que as políticas públicas preventivas e protetivas voltadas a esse público sejam colocadas em prática e se amplie a fiscalização por parte do Poder Público.
O papel da vitamina D na vida reprodutiva da mulher
Authors: Torrieri Rachel , Osolins Luciana , Montuori Jacqueline , Obeica Bruna
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A vitamina D é um pró-hormônio sintetizado principalmente pela pele com a ação dos raios ultravioleta; menos de 10–20% é proveniente da dieta. Sua forma ativa é a 1,25-di-hidroxivitamina D3, tendo sua ação mediada pelo receptor de vitamina D. Sabe-se que esse receptor não é encontrado apenas no sistema de controle do metabolismo osteomineral, como também nos ovários (células da granulosa), no útero, na placenta, nos testículos, no hipotálamo e na hipófise, o que sugere grande influência da vitamina D na vida reprodutiva. Nesse contexto, questiona-se se a suplementação de vitamina D pode ter um papel importante no tratamento da infertilidade. Objetivo: Abordar a ação da vitamina D na ovulação e questionar sua suplementação no tratamento da infertilidade feminina. Materiais e métodos: Foram utilizados artigos pesquisados nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), a partir do ano de 2011. Resultados e conclusão: Sabe-se que o hormônio antimulleriano (HAM) é responsável pelo desenvolvimento e crescimento dos folículos e, portanto, é um importante marcador da reserva ovariana, que pode ser alterado por fatores ambientais, assim como pela deficiência de vitamina D. Algumas análises corroboram a hipótese de que a deficiência dessa vitamina estaria relacionada com baixas taxas de sucesso em reprodução assistida e com melhores desfechos em pacientes com síndrome do ovário policístico que desejam engravidar. A reposição oral de vitamina D é segura e de baixo custo, e evidências sugerem seu benefício em maiores taxas de gestação em tecnologias de reprodução assistida por melhorar a qualidade oocitária, promovendo a diminuição nas taxas de abortamento, além de reduzir complicações obstétricas. Logo, sua suplementação pode e deve ser encorajada em mulheres que apresentem sua deficiência documentada. Importante ressaltar que a reposição depende tanto da quantidade ingerida quanto do peso pré-concepcional, da exposição solar, dos níveis séricos basais, entre outros fatores, e deve ser individualizada para resultados ideais. Por causa dessas variáveis, mais estudos devem ser feitos para investigar e comprovar os possíveis efeitos da suplementação de vitamina D durante o processo de pré-concepção, de acordo com seus riscos e benefícios. A criação de protocolos relacionados à suplementação dessa vitamina em mulheres em idade fértil seria uma ferramenta importante no processo de fertilização, já que o uso inadequado pode levar a desfechos negativos.
Sexualidade no climatério: um tabu a ser desconstruído
Authors: Vidigal Alexia Soares , Vasconcellos Bruna Obeica , Montuori Jacqueline Assumção Silveira
Published: April 2023

Introdução: Inicialmente julgada apenas como uma função reprodutiva, a sexualidade feminina é na verdade resultado da interação de um conjunto de fatores, agregando aspectos biológicos, sociais e psicológicos. Com o aumento da sobrevida e a presença cada vez maior do papel feminino nos espaços familiares e socioeconômicos, a sexualidade no climatério, historicamente reprimida, subvalorizada e tratada como tabu, vem sendo cada vez mais discutida. O climatério é um processo fisiológico, caracterizado por diversas alterações psicossomáticas, mas que, por definição, marca a fase de transição entre os períodos reprodutivo e não reprodutivo da mulher. Dessa forma, criou-se ao longo da história a noção estereotipada e errônea de que, ao perder a capacidade reprodutiva, o desejo sexual também não estaria mais presente. Objetivo: Discutir a importância da construção e valorização da sexualidade feminina durante o climatério. Materiais e métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura realizada nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed) com artigos estruturados entre os anos de 2008 a 2022. Resultados e conclusão: O climatério é demarcado por um período de readaptação do organismo feminino a um novo meio fisiológico, em razão de alterações hormonais e metabólicas que, por sua vez, podem ser acompanhadas de mudanças somáticas, psíquicas e sociais. Entretanto, estudos comprovam cada vez mais a inexistência de uma relação biológica que defina essas mudanças como o fim da sexualidade, do erotismo e do desejo sexual. Sabe-se que esse ideal vem de um contexto sociocultural marcado pelo patriarquismo e pela crença no fato de a mulher ser resumida a objeto reprodutivo e à maternidade. Associada a isso, há ainda a existência de um sistema de educação e saúde despreparado para atender e acolher mulheres nessa fase da vida, de forma a criar um ambiente informativo e permissivo a elas. Apesar de serem vividos de forma singular por cada mulher, os impactos do climatério sobre a sexualidade feminina atingem diretamente sua qualidade de vida. A sexualidade, portanto, é aspecto central do ser humano e independe de ambos o gênero e a função reprodutiva, devendo ser vivenciada de forma individual e livre de preconceitos.
Chemical Control of Wild Sorghum [Sorghum arundinaceum(Del.) Stapf.] in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) in the Northern State of Sudan
Authors: Bedry Kamal A. M. , Elamin Abbas E. M.
Published: April 2023

An experiment was conducted at Merowe Research Stationfarm, in the Northern State, Sudan, during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010seasons. The objectives of the experiment were to determine the damageinflicted by a wild sorghum species (Sorghum arundinaceum (Del.)Stapf.) on the yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and to evaluate theefficacy of the post-emergence herbicide clodinafop-propargyl (Topik) onwild sorghum and its effect on faba bean yield. The wild sorghumreduced faba bean crop stand and straw and seed yields by 53% -76%,76% -79% and 88% - 91%, respectively, compared with the hand-weededcontrol. Faba bean was tolerant to the herbicide. The herbicide, at allrates, effected complete (100%) and persistent control of the wildsorghum and resulted in faba bean seed yield comparable to the hand-weeded control. The lowest dose (0.075 kg a.i./ha) of the herbicide usedwas equal to 75% of the dose recommended for the control of wildsorghum in wheat. It is concluded that clodinafop-propargyl at 0.075 kga.i./ha could be used in controlling wild sorghum in faba bean. At thisrate, the marginal rate of return was about 35 which indicating that everymonetary unit (SDG 1) invested in the mentioned treatment would bereturned back, plus additional amount of 35 SDG.
Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation and Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Malakal, Sudan*
Authors: Sulfab Hatim Abdalla , Mukhtar Nuri Osman , Hamad Muawia Elbedawi , Adam Adam Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

Field experiments were conducted for two rainfed seasons(2006 and 2007) and one irrigated season (2008) at the Agricultural Farmof the Upper Nile University in Malakal (Sudan). The objective of theexperiments was to study the effect of each of farmyard manure, waterhyacinth compost, Rhizobium seed inoculation and in dual combinationson groundnut symbiotic performance and growth and yield under bothrainfed and irrigation systems. The organic fertilizers were applied at therate of 15 t ha-1 each. The results showed that each organic manure alonesignificantly increased shoot dry weight, number of nodules plant -1 andpod and hay yields than the control in both rainfed and irrigation systems.Rhizobium seed inoculation with either manure significantly increasedplant shoot and plant root dry weights, plant nodulation, early podformation, absorption of plant N and plant P compared to the control.Moreover, these treatments significantly increased groundnut pod andhay yields over that of the control.
Assessment and Mapping of Wind Erodibility of Aridisols and Entisols in the Red Sea State, Sudan*
Authors: Mohamed Moatasim Ahmed Eisa , Mustafa Mukhtar Ahmed
Published: April 2023

Wind erodibility of a soil (WE) is a major indicator of itssusceptibility to wind erosion under a given climatic condition. This studyis part of a national project for assessing and mapping wind erodibility ofsoils in Sudan. It was undertaken to generate WE data for the Red SeaState. Three replicate surface soil samples were collected, randomly, fromtwenty-eight geo-referenced farms spread in the State. Non-erodible soilparticles (NEP>0.84mm) and selected soil properties were measuredusing standard procedures. The mean NEP values ranged from 17.0% to57.2% with an overall mean coefficient of variation of replicatedeterminations equal to 4.7%. The equivalent WE ranged from 49.6 to244.0 ton/ha. The results showed a highly significant (P<0.001) increaseof NEP with increase of clay (C) and organic matter (OM), and decreasewith increase of sand and sand plus silt (S+Si) expressed, successively, asratios of clay, clay plus OM and clay plus CaCO3 . The reverse trendswere obtained for the relations of WE and the various soil properties andtheir ratios. Clay, (Si+S)/C, (Si+S)/(C+OM) and (Si+S)/(C+CaCO3 )accounted for 80%, 81%, 81% and 82% of the variation of NEP, and77%, 78%, 78%, and 79% of the variation of WE. Multiple regressionsrelationships of NEP or WE with clay, sand, CaCO 3 and OM gavecoefficients of determinations equal to 81% and 80%, respectively. Thus,it was recommended that clay, (Si+S)/C, (C+OM), (C+CaCO 3 ) ormultiple regression equations may be used for predicting NEP. However,(Si+S)/(C+CaCO3 ) is recommended for predicting NEP, and in all casesthe equivalent WE can be obtained from the standard table. A table forwind erodibility groups was developed for the State.
Comparative Evaluation of Date Palm Types (Phoenix dactylifera L.) under the Conditions of the Northern State, Sudan
Authors: Idris Tagelsir I.M. , Mahdi Elfatih M. , Khidir Omaima S.A.
Published: April 2023

This study was accomplished to assess the comparativeperformance of the dry, semi-dry and soft date palm types under theconditions of the Northern State, Sudan. Four date representativecultivars, grown in Elghaba Agricultural Scheme, were compared;.theirage ranged between 30 and 34 years. The cultivars were Barakawi andGondaila (dry), Wadkhteeb (semi-dry) and Madina (soft). Data recordedfor vegetative growth parameters were stem circumference, leaf numberand length, number of pinnae/leaf, length of pinnae, number of thorns/leafand width of leaf base. Data were also collected for number of bunches,bunch weight and yield/palm. The results indicated significant differencesbetween the four cultivars. Wadkhteeb excelled the other cultivars innumber of leaves, bunch weight and yield/palm, without being affected bythe phenomenon of alternate bearing. The superiority of Wadkhteeb inyield is indicative of the suitability of the semi-dry cultivars to theconditions of the Northern State.
Efficacy of the Mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard) in the Control of Anopheles and Culex Mosquito larvae in Sennar State, Sudan
Authors: Salim Omer A. A. , Hassan Ahmed E. M. , Bala Adil E.A.
Published: April 2023

This laboratory and semi-field studies were designed toexplore the larvivorous potential of Gambusia affinis and ways this fishmight be employed in an ongoing Sennar state mosquito control program.The present experiments were conducted on G. affinis feeding patterns.The mean number of larvae consumed by G. affinis was 132 larvae during24 hours. Additionally, G. affinis had a tendency to feed on early instarsthan the late ones under both laboratory and semi-field conditions inSennar state. The percentages of larval consumption were 98% (±4),86.2% (±13.6), 77.4% (±7.3) and 63.6% (±32.5) for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and4th instars, respecti`vely. The percentage of larvae consumed of variedinstars was 87.4% (±21.8). Moreover, total consumption of the immaturestages of mosquito larvae can be achieved as the number of Anopheleslarvae consumed ranged between 46.7% and 100% (mean 72.68%±20.04) and of Culex larvae between 54.2% and 100% (mean 86.7%±20.27). This study suggests that G, affinis could be a useful tool in theongoing Sennar state vector control program. Further studies should beperformed to assess the ecology, seasonality and to be conducted underlarge scale
Performance of Combine Harvesters for Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in the Mechanized Rain Fed Schemes of Eastern Sudan
Authors: Yousif Lotfie A. , Babiker Ebtehag H.
Published: April 2023

Direct combine harvesting of crops helps in solving the problem oflabor shortage during harvest period, timely harvest and obtaining good grainquality. A study was conducted in the mechanized rain fed schemes inGedarif State eastern Sudan to evaluate the performance of different combineharvester makes, to quantify harvesting losses and to estimate the value of thelosses for direct harvesting of sorghum. Three combine harvester makes wereassessed, namely; New Holland, Claas and Massey Ferguson. The data wascollected from 46 combine harvesters during three harvesting seasons (2014,2015and 2016). The exact number of each combine harvester make was 21, 9and 16 for New Holland, Claas and Massey Ferguson, respectively. Thecollected data included machine parameters, harvesting losses and economicdata. Results showed that the average forward speed, work rate, fieldefficiency and fuel consumption, was 5.1 km/hr, 2.2 ha/hr, 86% and 7.4 l/ha,respectively. The three harvesters produced similar seed quality in terms ofsound seeds, cracked seeds and impurities. The pre-harvest loss wassignificantly (P ≤ 0.01) the highest among the other loss types. Irrespective toharvester make, the header loss was significantly (P ≤ 0.01) the highestamong machine loss types. No significant differences were noted betweencombine harvester makes in threshing and machine losses. The totalharvesting, machine and collectable losses were 25.1 %, 10% and 19.4 %,respectively. The average value of the pre-harvest loss, machine loss, totalloss and collectable loss was 432.4 SDG/ha, 304.4 SDG/ha, 736.8 SDG/haand 188.9 SDG/ha, respectively. In conclusion, the performance of the threecombine harvesters was technically satisfactory, the machine loss was
Participação cultural digital como elemento de produção
Authors: Navarrete Trilce
Published: April 2023

Trilce Navarrete em seu artigo analisa como patrimônio digital pode contribuir no setor cultural além dos usos relacionados ao patrimônio.
Rauvolfia Serpentina and Peperomia Pellucida as Antiparasitic Spray Against Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Latreille
Authors: Bhatti Mahmooda Aziza , Saeed Mutahir , Hugo Marites , Guevarra Jerico
Published: April 2023

Rauwolfia serpentina (serpentina) and peperomia pellucida (pansit-pansitan) were used as the raw materials for creating different mixtures to determine which concentration is faster in exterminating Rhipicephalus sanguineus latrille (common ticks). The process used was decoction, the harvested extract was used for the creation of the spray mixtures. The process used three different preparations of mixture concentration with variants concentration ratio of serpentina/pansit-pansitan as: mixture 1 with 50%/50%; mixture 2 with 75%/25%, and mixture 3 with 25%/75%. The study recorded the testing times in exterminating the ticks as: mixture 1 had the results in 1.5 hours (sprayed once), 1.33 hours (sprayed twice), and 1.25 hours (sprayed thrice); mixture 2 had the results in 3.5 hours (sprayed once), 3.42 hours (sprayed twice), and 3.33 hours (sprayed thrice); and mixture 3 had the results in 1.5 hours (sprayed once), 1.42 hours (sprayed twice), and 1.33 hours (sprayed thrice). The experiment showed that mixture 1 and mixture 3 almost had the same results, if not for a few second differences, mixture 1 was always faster than mixture 3, while mixture 2 was left behind for a few hours. Therefore, mixture 1 is the best concentration to exterminate the ticks in a controlled environment.
Finite volume simulation of calcium distribution in a cholangiocyte cell
Authors: NAKUL Nakul , MİSHRA Vedika , ADLAKHA Neeru
Published: April 2023

Cholangiocytes are the cells of the liver having a major role in the conditioning of bile used in digestion. Other functions of cholangiocytes are in apoptosis and bicarbonate secretion. The Calcium in the intracellular environment of various cells including cholangiocytes regulates a large number of functions. This regulating mechanism in cholangiocytes has been poorly understood to date. In order to analyze the calcium regulation in cholangiocyte cells, a mathematical model for a one-dimensional steady-state case is constructed in this study. This involves a non-linear reaction-diffusion equation with appropriate boundary conditions. The influx from IP$_{3}$ receptor, ryanodine receptor (RYR), and plasma membrane as well as the efflux of calcium from SERCA pump and plasma membrane have been employed in the model. The finite volume method and Newton-Raphson method have been used to solve the problem. Numerical findings have been used to examine the effects of parameters like diffusion coefficient, rate of SERCA pump efflux, buffer, and influx from plasma membrane on calcium concentration in cholangiocyte cells. The information generated from the model can be useful for understanding the mechanism of cholestatic disorders which can be further useful in the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.
Modelling Influenza A disease dynamics under Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative with distinct contact rates
Authors: EVİRGEN Fırat , UÇAR Esmehan , UÇAR Sümeyra , ÖZDEMİR Necati
Published: April 2023

The objective of this manuscript is to present a novel approach to modeling influenza A disease dynamics by incorporating the Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) fractional derivative operator into the model. Particularly distinct contact rates between exposed and infected individuals are taken into account in the model under study, and the fractional derivative concept is explored with respect to this component. We demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the solution and obtain the series solution for all compartments using the Laplace transform method. The reproduction number of the Influenza A model, which was created to show the effectiveness of different contact rates, was obtained and examined in detail in this sense. To validate our approach, we applied the predictor-corrector method in the sense of the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative and demonstrate the effectiveness of the fractional derivative in accurately predicting disease dynamics. Our findings suggest that the use of the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying influenza A disease and enhance the accuracy of disease models.
Physique et enjeux de société
Authors: Blanc Guillaume , Noûs Camille
Published: April 2023

La science est au cœur de multiples enjeux de société, au rang desquels les nombreux défis engendrés par les crises écologiques. Ces enjeux impliquent des mécanismes que la physique peut permettre d’expliquer. Une formation universitaire de physique fournit un bagage standard pour critiquer des résultats liés à la discipline : ordres de grandeur, adéquation entre les modèles et les expériences, ou encore incertitudes expérimentales. Cet outillage est nécessaire à tout scientifique. Mais un·e citoyen·ne doit aussi être capable d’interagir avec ses semblables de manière rationnelle, c’est-à-dire comprendre les débats de société et y participer en connaissance de cause.C’est dans cette optique que s’inscrit cet ouvrage, issu d’un cours à destination des étudiant·e·s en troisième année de Licence de physique à Université Paris Cité. Son objectif est double : transmettre un ensemble de connaissances minimales dans quelques domaines physiques sur des thématiques que l’on rencontre fréquemment dans les médias, afin d’en saisir les enjeux, et d'autre part donner des clés permettant de se construire une opinion éclairée.Après avoir expliqué comment le savoir scientifique s’élabore, le manuel apporte des éléments de compréhension sur la radioactivité, le réchauffement climatique, l’énergie dans la société et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre, sans oublier les ondes électromagnétiques et la santé.
Evaluating District and Sub-Divisional Court Management in West Bengal
Authors: Banerjee Dr. Pradip , Banerjee Pritam
Published: April 2023

The society in a democratic polity cannot be conceived without a strong and independent judicial system. India, the world’s largest democracy, suffers from more than four crore pending cases across several district and taluka (sub divisional) courts at par the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) and such number has been raised by 13 percent only between 2019 and 2020. There are a number of judicial or legal procedural factors which contribute to the backlog that always lies in the limelight. On the other hand, the conflict and contrast between the aspiration and achievement of performance of the courts and judges are hardly measured. It is undeniable that without the development of internal management and governance, the judicial organisation cannot serve up to the expectation of the people. Accordingly, evolution of the Indian court management system as well as few marginalised arenas of the district and sub-divisional courts’ management and governance have been explored under this study. Furthermore, comprehensiveness of the specific problems spotted under each domain has been empirically verified from the perspective of different stakeholders of the justice delivery system (such as judges, lawyers, academicians, administrators and litigants) within the state of West Bengal. This study reveals that an effective and efficient judicial administration prevailed in ancient India. Under this research, nearly 9 out of 10 litigants believe that courts are functioning in less than optimum level as well as interestingly in every 3 out of 4 judges disclose that they spend more time in judicial works and less in administration. The study finds that some of those problems are glaring for all the stakeholders, while few of these are stakeholder specific. The statistical analysis also supports that all the stakeholders have commonality in some of the specific problems like, length of trial of a case is uncertain; workload in court delays timely justice; court lacks policy for time bound and cost-effective justice; and courts have poor infrastructure.
Effects of High-collision Plasma on Radiation Protection of Human Brain
Authors:   School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, Liu Yuhuan , Guo Tong ,   School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, Guo Chaoxiang ,   School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, Zeng Yingqin ,   International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, He Xiangrui ,   International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, Yuan Songliu ,   School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
Published: April 2023

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to find a reasonable composite structure of electromagnetic protection device, especially the distribution characteristics of plasma parameters and operation conditions. Methods: Due to its high collision frequency, the high-pressure discharge plasma can be usedas a filling medium to take the electromagnetic protection effect. The strategies and algorithmsare presented to solve the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave (EMW) in plasma with complex dielectric constant. When the real and imaginary part of permittivity are of the same order of magnitude, the imaginary part value will impact on the feature of plasma dielectric constant, also affect the behavior of propagation of EMW. The propagation process of EMW in virtual human brain (VHB) model is investigated by finite difference time domain method. By optimizing the layout of plasma layer and air layer, an effective phase regulator is constructed, and the reflected wave amplitude is greatly reduced. Results: The simulation results show that plasma makes the amplitude of the electromagnetic fields in VHB decrease to different degrees. their maximum average decrease is about 25% and the corresponding reduction of SAR value is more than 40% in the frequency range of 1.8-3.6GHz. Conclusion: The existence of plasma can make the scalp and muscle possess the excellent performance in resisting the incident of EMW, so that the amplitude of the electromagnetic field inside the brain body is small, so as to effectively protect the brain tissue. These research results have good reference value and engineering applicability for the structure design of protection equipment with high frequency of EMW.
Exploring the State of Research on Tourism Sustainability: A Bibliometric Analysis in the Post-COVID Era
Authors:   Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly, 38221 Volos, Greece, Krabokoukis Thomas
Published: April 2023

This study conducts a literature analysis on tourism sustainability to understand the current state of research in the field and identify potential areas for future study. The analysis, based on 3823 articles published between 2020–2023, aims to examine the number of citations of the main articles, determine the main authors and countries dealing with tourism sustainability, examine the interactions between authors and countries, and determine which dimensions of sustainability (economic, environmental, social, and cultural-historical) attract the most research interest. The results reveal that the economic dimension of sustainability is the most researched followed by the environmental dimension, while the social and cultural-historical dimensions receive less attention. This study provides valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers in the field of sustainable tourism, particularly in light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the industry.
The Evolution of the Musculoskeletal Trauma Section of the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination
Authors: Shaath M. Kareem , Garrett Christopher H. , Lin Jianna , Avilucea Frank R. , Munro Mark W. , Langford Joshua R. , Haidukewych George J.
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

In 1963, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons administered the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE), the first and longest running yearly medical specialty examination. There have been no recent studies to evaluate the content of the musculoskeletal trauma section of the OITE.

Methods:

We analyzed all questions that were classified by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons as musculoskeletal trauma from 2012 to 2019. We recorded the number of musculoskeletal trauma questions in each examination, the topics and imaging modalities tested, the references cited, and the taxonomy classification of each question. We extrapolated from a similar musculoskeletal trauma study published in 2011 to create the previous examination cohort for comparison.

Results:

For the current cohort, the average number of musculoskeletal trauma questions was 43.5 questions per examination (18.4%). The most frequently tested topics were proximal tibia fractures, pediatric trauma, hip fractures, and diaphyseal femur fractures, respectively. In previous examinations, questions from T1 and 2 were tested significantly more frequently compared with the current examinations (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). In the current cohort, T3 questions were tested significantly more frequently than previous examinations (P = 0.001). Previous examinations had significantly more questions without an image (36 questions per year versus 25 questions per year, P < 0.001). In current versions of the examination, radiographs are tested significantly more frequently than other imaging modalities (P < 0.001).

Discussion:

The musculoskeletal trauma section of the OITE has evolved. To improve and focus study efforts, residents may use this study as a guide when preparing for the examination.