bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Une science de la rencontre. L’écologie scientifique au service de formations interdisciplinaires
Authors: Barbé Hélène , Vincent Caroline , Blatrix Cécile , Frascaria-Lacoste Nathalie
Published: January 2021

Dans cet article, nous revenons sur ce qui constitue le cœur de l’écologie scientifique, et montrons comment cette discipline peut enrichir les formations interdisciplinaires à plusieurs égards. L’écologie a longtemps eu tendance à laisser l’être humain en dehors de son champ d’étude. Or, au regard des crises que nous vivons actuellement, la perspective écologique a pris un tournant pour s’orienter vers des approches plus transversales. Nous verrons comment cette science de la rencontre (rencontre des disciplines, des courants de pensée, des valeurs, des rationalités…) et de la connaissance du sensible permet un changement de paradigme au travers de concepts clés, tels que les (socio-écosystèmes, la complexité, la dynamique, les interrelations ou encore les incertitudes. Les questionnements et savoirs issus de l’écologie scientifique ont donc vocation à favoriser une meilleure compréhension générale des fonctionnements des sociétés humaines imbriquées au sein des systèmes vivants.
The Replacement of HMI (Human-Machine Interface) in Industry Using Single Interface Through IoT
Authors: Borkar Pradnya Sulas , Chanana Prachi U. , Atwal Simranjeet Kaur , Londe Tanvi G. , Dalal Yash D.
Published: January 2021

The new era of computing is internet of things (IoT). Internet of things (IoT) represents the ability of network devices to sense and collect data from around the world and then share that data across the internet where it can be processed and utilize for different converging systems. Most of the organisation and industries needs up-to-date data and information about the hardware machines. In most industries, HMI (human-machine interface) is used mostly for connecting the hardware devices. In many manufacturing industries, HMI is the only way to access information about the configuration and performance of machine. It is difficult to take the history of data or data analysis of HMI automatically. HMI is used once per machine which is quite hard to handle. Due to frequent use of HMI, it leads to loss of time, high costs, and fragility, and it needs to be replaced, which was found to be costlier. An internet of things (IOT) is a good platform where all the machines in the industry are able to be handled from a single IoT-based web portal.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Study of Laboratory Staff Toward Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
Authors: Al-Motiri Nabeelah M. , Khan Samina A. , Khan Anas A.
Published: January 2021

Background:

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is one of the most commonly prevalent and a highly pathogenic human coronavirus. The infection may lead to severe acute respiratory illness in a large proportion of affected individuals, with a high mortality rate. The processes and procedures involved in the management of patients could significantly improve the disease outcome. The purpose of the study was multifold: (1) to assess the actual knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward MERS-CoV infection and (2) to determine the factors affecting KAP among the medical laboratory staff in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Both the aims would collectively help in designing effective policies in our fight against the evolving coronavirus disease.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional anonymous survey was conducted among medical laboratory staff associated with tertiary health-care hospitals between October and December 2018. The participants were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire about MERS-CoV infection. The association between KAP score and potential dependent variables was computed using multivariable linear regression model.

Results:

A total of 180 participants (57.8%) completed the survey. Our univariate analysis demonstrated that experience and education of an individual played a significant role in determining knowledge and attitude scores, respectively. On the other hand, practice score of an individual was shaped by age, profession, and department. Finally, our multivariate analysis regression analysis showed that staff with a bachelor's degree and those with a minimum laboratory experience of 15–20 years scored significantly higher KAP scores with respect to other individuals (P = 0.019 and P = 0.026).

Conclusion:

Our study identified alarming gaps in KAP toward MERS-CoV among different individuals. Furthermore, data collected in the present study might help to define strategies required to establish professional education programs for training medical laboratory staff.
Novel BEST1 mutation in autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy in Japanese siblings
Authors: Yamada Rika , Takagi Rina , Iwamoto Sadahiko , Shimada Shoichi , Kakehashi Akihiro
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:

Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) is a disease that results from the mutations in the BEST1 gene. It is characterized by multifocal yellowish lipofuscin deposits, cystoid macular edema, and subretinal fluid. Among approximately 270 BEST1 mutations, only 40 that include both heterozygous and homozygous mutations are associated with ARB. However, very few ARB-related mutations have been reported in the Japanese population. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify BEST1 mutations and describe the genotype–phenotype relationship in Japanese dizygotic twins presenting with ARB.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We performed clinical examinations in Japanese dizygotic twin patients (male: 29 years) with ARB as well as whole-exome sequencing in seven family members of these twins.

RESULTS:

In this study, we have reported on a novel BEST1 mutation, the p. Phe151Cys mutation, associated with ARB in Japanese dizygotic twins who had bi-allelic p. Ala160Pro mutations in BEST1. The clinical features observed were binocular abnormalities of the fundus, such as multifocal yellowish subretinal deposits, cystoid macular edema, and subretinal fluid. The full-field electroretinography results were subnormal.

CONCLUSION:

It was indicated that the novel BEST1 mutations identified may be strongly correlated with binocular ARB. This study provides significant information of the genotype–phenotype association in Japanese ARB patients. Further, the genetic analysis that we performed was very useful for the differential diagnosis and might have implications in the development of future treatment modalities.
Sparse domination via the helicoidal method
Authors: Benea Cristina , Muscalu Camil
Published: January 2021

Using exclusively the localized estimates upon which the helicoidal method was built by the authors, we show how sparse estimates can also be obtained. This approach yields a sparse domination for scalar and multiple vector-valued extensions of operators alike. We illustrate these ideas for an

n

-linear Fourier multiplier whose symbol is singular along a

k

-dimensional subspace of

\Gamma=\{\xi_1+\cdots+\xi_{n+1}=0\}

, where

k < (n+1)/{2}

, and for the variational Carleson operator.
Perfil de adesão ao tratamento de tuberculose em uma unidade básica de saúde de Belém
Authors: Lemos Rafael Silva , Barbosa João Filipe De Sousa , Conceição Weany Jeniffer Costa Da , Bentes Lívia Guerreiro de Barros , Santos Deivid Ramos dos , Quaresma Mariana do Socorro Maciel
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil de adesão ao tratamento antituberculose em uma unidade básica de saúde de Belém, bem como os principais fatores que influenciam nessa adesão. Métodos: Foi realizado um trabalho quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com coleta de dados no período de novembro de 2019. Para tanto, avaliou-se os prontuários dos pacientes acima de 18 anos que realizaram o tratamento de tuberculose entre 2017 e 2019 que eram cadastrados em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. As informações foram descritas por meio da elaboração de tabelas e figuras. Resultados: Foram verificados 27 prontuários, dos quais 9 não aderiram ao tratamento, sendo que a maioria eram do sexo masculino, eram tabagistas e abandonaram o tratamento a partir do 4º mês. Conclusão: Após a realização da pesquisa, foi possível constatar que os maiores fatores relacionados ao abandono do tratamento são a baixa escolaridade, a falta de interesse em continuar o tratamento, o tabagismo, o etilismo e a falta de informação, sendo que os homens foram maioria dentre os casos de não adesão ao tratamento.
Modernidad y guerra total: los primeros pasos del orden antiaéreo republicano durante la Guerra Civil española (1936-1937)
Authors: MARTÍNEZ LÓPEZ Diego
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo aborda la incapacidad de la II República para hacerse con las riendas de la actuación contra aeronaves en todo el territorio leal, ofreciendo a su vez una breve panorámica del mosaico defensivo resultante y su posterior intento de superación. Para ello, se presenta un breve análisis del contexto republicano en materia de defensa antiaérea desde 1935 hasta 1937, haciendo hincapié en el ordenamiento legislativo del primer año de guerra. Tras ello, se presentan algunas de las principales iniciativas locales y regionales que solaparon a las disposiciones gubernamentales, tensando con ello aún más los resortes de la República y generando una suerte de orden paralelo.
Entretien avec Bruce Bégout
Authors: ESTÈVE Raphaël , BÉGOUT Bruce
Published: January 2021

Bruce Bégout est philosophe, essayiste et romancier. Parmi les nombreux ouvrages qu’il a publié dans le domaine philosophique, on mentionnera, en affinité explicite avec la thématique de ce dossier, La Découverte du quotidien. Éléments pour une phénoménologie du monde de la vie (2005)., Pensées privées : Journal philosophique (1998-2006) (2007), et tout récemment Le concept d'ambiance (2020). Son activité d’essayiste est elle aussi très en prise avec la thématique de l’ordinaire, ainsi qu’en témoignent, entre autres ses appréhensions de l’espace urbain dans Zéropolis. L'expérience de Las Vegas (2002) ou encore Lieu commun. Le motel américain (2003). Et il a également publié en 2008 De la décence ordinaire. Court essai sur une idée fondamentale de la pensée politique de George Orwell. Il est enfin romancier, ses deux dernières publications en la matière étant On ne dormira jamais, (2017) et Le Sauvetage (2018).
Lo Ordinario, esencia del Costumbrismo y de las representaciones modernas
Authors: THION SORIANO–MOLLA Dolores
Published: January 2021

Lo ordinario entró a formar parte del pensamiento estético y de los modos de representar la realidad literariamente con la Modernidad, merced al desarrollo del individualismo y los proyectos de Estado nacional. Para la escuela filológica española lo ordinario es la costumbre. Frente a las representaciones clásicas y sus abstracciones, el Costumbrismo romántico se ubica en lo circundante, lo inmediato, lo actual, lo vulgar porque todo puede ser arte y ser sublime. En el taller literario, la costumbre sintetiza lo genuino y autóctono, y por lo tanto, singulariza la Nación. Ahí están las claves de la novela moderna, y de la mímesis realista y naturalista.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR PENYEBAB KERUSAKAN KAWASAN HUTAN ALAM PADA HUTAN PENDIDIKAN ANGGORI MANOKWARI
Authors: FERNANDO K. YEMBISE  , REINARDUS L CABUY  , ALFREDO O. WANMA
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh informasi terkini terkait perubahan kawasan hutan alam pada hutan Pendidikan Anggori Maokwari. Dalam kajian ini, pengumpulan informasi terkait bentuk kerusakan hutan dilakukan melalui kegiatan tracking dan mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk kerusakan yang diakibatkan menjadi penting untuk diketahui. Selain itu diskusi dan wawancara semi structural juga dilakukan guna memperoleh persepsi dan pandangan sosial masyarakat terkait interaksinya dengan hutan alam. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh informasi bahwa telah terjadi perubahan kepada kawasan hutan alam dengan beberapa penyebab aktivitas antara lain: 1) aktivitas berkebun, 2) aktivitas pembukaan rencana lokasi wisata, 3) aktivitas penebangan untuk memperoleh kayu konstruksi dan kayu bakar, serta 4) aktivitas pembukaan jalan guna akses penduduk. Hasil analisis intensitas kerusakan diperoleh bahwa kerusakan yang terjadi masih cukup kecil dengan intensitas sebesar 9,685% atau sekitar 7,942 Ha dari total luasan yang ada.
Very superstitious? A preliminary investigation of pigeons’ body position during a matching-to-sample task under differential and common outcome conditions
Authors: Lord Jessica , van der Vliet William , Anderson Philip , Scarf Michael , Scarf Damian
Published: January 2021

The delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) task is widely employed to assess memory in a range of non-human animals. On the standard “common outcomes” (CO) DMS task, correct performance following either sample stimulus results in reinforcement. In contrast, on a “differential outcomes” (DO) DMS task, the outcome following either sample stimulus is different. One of the most consistent findings in the comparative literature is that performance under a DO condition is superior to that under a CO condition. The superior performance is attributed to the fact the DO condition enhances memory for the sample stimulus by tagging each sample with a discrete reward. Here, we investigate an alternative possibility, that pigeons use positional mediation during the delay under DO, but not CO, conditions. To test this, we tracked the head position of pigeons performing a DO (n = 4) or CO (n = 4) task. Consistent with the positional mediation account, all subjects in the DO condition displayed evidence of positional mediation. Surprisingly, positional mediation was not unique to subjects in the DO condition, with subjects in the CO condition also displaying evidence of mediation.
Rats’ Choice in a Coordination Task
Authors: Segura Alejandro , Clavijo Arturo , Bouzas Arturo
Published: January 2021

We designed a free-operant choice procedure that represents a technical improvement to assess the control of mutual reinforcement contingencies over the choice of coordinated behavior. We demonstrate the advantages of the new procedure with eight rats that were trained to continuously move a steel ball from end to end of a gutter. Subjects were assigned to pairs and had to choose between two response options: one in which reinforcement was contingent upon an individual response, and another in which reinforcement depended on the coordination of intra-pair behavior. We evaluated (a) the effect of reinforcement magnitude over the distribution of responses, and (b) the role of behavioral cues on the rats’ coordinated actions via dividing the experimental chamber in two compartments with a clear/opaque partition. The coordinated actions were more likely when the larger reinforcer was initially associated with the mutual reinforcement option. The visual interaction between subjects did not impact their coordinated actions. The possibility to control organisms’ preference for social or nonsocial alternatives opens potential lines of research. For instance, identifying how the coordination of activities combines with the future value of outcomes to produce stable cooperative equilibria.
Targets, Tactics, and Cooperation in the Play Fighting of Two Genera of Old World Monkeys (Mandrillus and Papio):Accounting for Similarities and Differences
Authors: Kraus Kelly L. , Pellis Vivien C. , Pellis Sergio M.
Published: January 2021

Play fighting in many species involves partners competing to bite one another while avoiding being bitten. Species can differ in the body targets that are bitten and the tactics used to attack and defend those targets. However, even closely related species that attack and defend the same body target using the same tactics can differ markedly in how much the competitiveness of such interactions is mitigated by cooperation. A degree of cooperation is necessary to ensure that some turn-taking between the roles of attacker and defender occurs, as this is critical in preventing play fighting from escalating into serious fighting. In the present study, the dyadic play fighting of captive troops of 4 closely related species of Old World monkeys, 2 each from 2 genera of Papio and Mandrillus, was analyzed. All 4 species have a comparable social organization, are large bodied with considerable sexual dimorphism, and are mostly terrestrial. In all species, the target of biting is the same – the area encompassing the upper arm, shoulder, and side of the neck – and they have the same tactics of attack and defense. However, the Papio species exhibit more cooperation in their play than do the Mandrillus species, with the former using tactics that make biting easier to attain and that facilitate close bodily contact. It is possible that species differences in how rigidly dominance relationships are maintained are expressed in the play of juveniles by altering the balance between competition and cooperation.
Epistemological and didactic aspects of elearning. The role of electronic models in teaching/learning
Authors: Sămărescu Nicoleta
Published: January 2021

The eLearning instruments that have been researched in the last few years represent a necessity for the Romanian primary school also within the development of the alternative learning sources. These cognitive instruments as D.H. Jonassen names them, are utilized in the USA and are researched in other countries, too (France) in order to be implemented. The aim of this article is to implement and to recommend the utilization of electronic models: text and image processing sheets, presentation sheets, spreadsheets in the teaching­learning process in primary school.

According to this aim, the research hypothesis has been issued in keeping with which we anticipate to be able to offer a well thought training in the eLearning field by updating the teaching and learning process with the help of the implementation of a set of electronic models which will increase the intercepting coefficient, the motivation, stimulation, imagination and enthusiasm degree for the learning actors and will redefine the teacher-pupil relation. The main objectives which derive from the hypothesis of our study confine to establishing the impact of electronic models of the eLeaming Set that has been proposed to be implemented on the actors primary school in the teaching-learning process; rendering the teaching-learning process efficient by implementing cognitive models with electronic support; working out an operational guide that contains scientific-practical recommendations and lesson models that utilize PeL; enriching the mathematical thinking.

The study sample covers a population that wishes to know, to participate in the implementing of the new technologies. The sample was composed as follows: 121 teachers in primary schools, most of them students of the University in Pite
The Problematic fields, the scientific and applicative topics in special education in compliance with national and European policies and strategies regarding disabilities (I)
Authors: Crețu Verginia
Published: January 2021

Research on special education give new response to the issue of disability from perspective often tenned the "human rights based approach". In the next study our purpose is to identify the new research directions, the problematic fields, scientific and applied themes concordant to national and European strategies and policies. That article is based on the analysis of important journals according to inclusion strategies; new themes included in traditional journals, contents of some books, projects financed by EU, review edited by important organizations / institutions. The article identifies topics were related to: educational policies, organizational culture and ethos that promotes inclusion; researches on teachers' attitude towards the persons with disabilities and inclusion; studies on the training of the teachers regarding the educational inclusion; special educational needs; trends in Curriculum Design.
The perceptual mediated learning program for the blind children
Authors: Marinache Claudia Veronica
Published: January 2021

Tactile exploration is very important for the blind children and the development of the tactile sensitivity must begin from preschool period and must be realized step by step during a long period of time. As a therapist I was interested in training and developing the tactile perception regarding spatial relations in blind children. As a result I created The Perceptual Mediated Leaming Program in order to stimulate tactile sensitivity from preschool to the fourth grade. The Mediated Leaming Experience (MLE) was introduced by the theory's author of the cognitive structural modifiability, Reuven Feuerstein. This concept (MLE) underlies my program. The Perceptual Mediated Learning Program uses the dots and lines and their combinations and consists of the different sections: the dot, the group of the 6 dots, the line, the angle, the shapes, the draws with lines and shapes. Tactile exercises are graduated as difficulty. The program allows to find out how important the early education and preschool stimulation are for the development of the tactile sensitivity in blind children and their preparation for school, for Braille reading and writing.
Experience exchange programme concerning the doctoral studies from two german universities
Authors: Aniței Mihai , Mitrofan Nicolae
Published: January 2021

We had the wonderful occasion of directly coming into contact with the Doctoral Studies organization and the development of the PhD students' training from admission until the final exam at two German Universities, Leipzig University and Jena University. In order for us to form a image as detailed as we can, we have taken into consideration several methods of data selection such as: discussions with the universities' management, with the professors directly involved in the doctoral activity, meetings with PhD students, access to official documents, visiting the rooms and the research laboratories, etc. In the current article we aimed at briefly showing a part of our experience, starting from the belief that it is useful to all the people involved in the training activity for doctoral studies from the Romanian universities.
Where is the Romanian university heading at the beginning of the third Millenium?
Authors: Pană Cristina-Mariana
Published: January 2021

This article presents some of the results obtained from a larger empirical study conducted during the period 2008-2011 in five universities that have the traditional, tehnical and economic profiles in Romania. Our basic approach was the qualitative-quantitative analysis of the possibility of the Romanian higher education to assimilate the entrepreneurial perspective in the current practices from two different perspectives, i.e. teachers and students. The theoretical model of our study belongs to the acclaimed author Burton R. Clark (1998) who identified five ways to develop an entrepreneurial-oriented university (a well-established decision-making center, an extended dynamic periphery, a diversified funding base, a well-stimulated academic core, an integrated entrepreneurial culture), without being literally considered.
Analiza percepției cadrelor didactice asupra educației dincolo de școală - Studiu comparativ
Authors: Rotaru Carmen
Published: January 2021

In the context of the educational system in Romania, analysis of teacher perceptions on outdoor education becomes a crucial factor, as the role of teachers in this process involves a change in methodology, approach, organizational fonns, student- teacher relationship, evaluation.
The comparative study of outdoor education has continued the results of European research project "Outdoor Education: Authentic Learning in the context of landscapes" financed by European Union Comenius 2.1 action, developed by a partnership of educational institutions in five European countries: Austria, Czech Republic. Germany, Sweden and UK over three years. The overall objective of the analysis focused national and European perspectives on outdoor education to promote a uniform approach to Jhis form of education.
Stop cadru: furnizorii de formare profesională continuă în România
Authors: Cîrstea Ioana-Loredana
Published: January 2021

Employment growth, increasing adaptability and performance of those working in a dynamic labour market conditions, increasing the duration of active life are needs fulfilled by vocational training programmes in general, and particularly by continuous vocational training (CVT) programmes. A way of understanding the structure and functioning of CVT systems in the multi-level analysis: the political level -policy-makers, the operational level -public and private CVT providers and the beneficiaries (individuals, institutions, society as a whole).
Regarding the operational level, the measures dedicated to training market development in Romania have already effects. The training programmes offer has increased since 2000s. Necessary interventions at this level should focus now on providing quality CVT, having as key elements: partnerships within the training providers, the employers and other representatives of the labour market, orientation of training offer to clearly defined sectors/ areas of training, an integrated approach of customer needs, increase training providers visibility and credibility among employers.
Web 2.0 Applications designed to integrate the Conceptual Maps into the Teaching Activity
Authors: Chicioreanu Teodora Daniela
Published: January 2021

The typical representative of today's youth generation (NET Generation) spends over 20,000 hours on the internet and over 10,000 hours enjoying online games of all sorts before turning 20 years old. This is why a series of web 2.0 applications were and will continue being created greatly focusing on the visual and spatial performances, improving and developing collaborative work. In the educational process, the elaboration of conceptual/mind maps helps pupils/students organise and represent their concepts in a manner tailored to the understanding ability. By means of these maps, the pupils/students can correlate the concepts in a variety of ways valuing and stimulating the creativity and originality, thus integrating such concepts in their own individual notional systems. For the Teacher, this type of investigation is a means to periodically perform true "incursions" into the pupils /students' intellectual acquisitions, this being an overall reflection of how the specific concepts are understood and correlated. Knowing and using WEB 2.0 applications which facilitate this (the elaboration of conceptual maps) and integrating them into the teaching activity is essential for any teacher willing to stay up-to-date with the latest novelties and innovations in the field. In conclusion, several ideas will be provided concerning the use of such technologies in education, all of which are integrated by the article author in her teaching activity.
When the Exception is the Rule: Rationalising the Medical Exception in Scots Law
Authors: Brown Jonathan
Published: January 2021

No physician who performs a legitimate medical operation on a patient commits a criminal offence or a delict. This is so in spite of the fact that infringement of the bodily integrity of another person is seen as both a crime and a civil wrong. Notwithstanding the fact that the patient may desire the operation, the defence of consent cannot possibly justify the serious injuries intentionally inflicted in the course of, say, an amputation, since this procedure is highly invasive and effects irreversible changes to the patient’s physicality. The so-called medical exception is consequently invoked to preclude prosecution of medical practitioners who carry out procedures that involve serious wounding. Quite where the justification for the medical exception lies, remains controversial. The exception has long been justified axiomatically – by reference to the existence of surgery as a profession – or has otherwise been held to be sui generis. Herein, however, it is submitted that its basis in Scots jurisprudence can be found through consideration of the etymology of the word “injury” as applied as a term of art in Scots law. At its core, the crime/delict of “injury” is connected to the Roman notion of iniuria, which served to preserve and uphold the boni mores – good morals. Conduct that contumeliously affronted the dignity of a person could clearly be classified as contra bonos mores, but it is apparent that iniuria may be effected even in instances where there could be no subjective affront to the individual person. This, it is submitted, rationalises the medical exception: “Proper medical treatment” is not contra bonos mores and so cannot be said to amount to injury or assault. Hence, the framing of the medical exception as such in Scots law is incorrect. The so-called exception is, rather, a necessary consequence of the conceptual understanding of the terms “assault” and “real injury” in Scottish jurisprudence.
“What’s Past is Prologue”: An Historical Overview of Judicial Review in South Africa – Part 1
Authors: Pretorius D M
Published: January 2021

This contribution explores the historical origins and development of judicial review in South Africa as a function and as an indication of shifts in relations between – and of the relative legal and political powers of – the three branches of state. It also provides bibliographical details of sources chronicling these historical processes. The contribution is published into two parts. This first part focuses primarily on the historical development of constitutional review, namely the power of the courts of law to test the validity of legislation against constitutional criteria. The scope of this power depends not only on the relevant constitutional provisions, but also on the actual and perceived independence of the judiciary, as well as on judicial dispositions and socio-political attitudes toward the courts. This part of the contribution further considers the origins of judicial review of the proceedings of inferior courts and of voluntary associations. The second part of the article will analyse the historical development of administrative law, with the emphasis on the common-law evolution of judicial review of the administrative decision-making processes of organs of state. In addition, it will investigate the growth of administrative law as a discrete discipline in South African law schools. Finally, it will look at the role of the interpretation of statutes in the context of administrative law.
Sejauhmanakah Kaedah Bacaan di Malaysia Mencapai Aras Aplikasi dalam Taksonomi Bloom?
Authors: Kasim Mohamad Rozi Bin
Published: January 2021

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti kaedah bacaan bahasa Melayu di Malaysia yang mencapai aras aplikasi seperti yang terdapat dalam Taksonomi Bloom. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk menghuraikan dua kaedah bacaan di Malaysia, iaitu Kaedah Bacalah Anakku dan Sistem Bacaan USM. Kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini memfokuskan aspek pembacaan, penghuraian dan kritikan terhadap dua kaedah bacaan yang dikaji. Hasil dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan Sistem Bacaan USM mencapai aras aplikasi, manakala Kaedah Bacalah Anakku tidak mencapai aras aplikasi. Sistem Bacaan USM mencapai aras aplikasi seperti yang dicadangkan dalam Taksonomi Bloom disebabkan Sistem Bacaan USM ini lebih teratur dari sudut pengajarannya dan bersifat konsisten terutama sekali dari sudut bunyi fonem, cara mengeja dan membunyikan suku kata terbuka KV, cara mengeja dan membunyikan suku kata tertutup KVK, cara mengeja dan membunyikan gugusan huruf konsonan dan cara mengeja dan membunyikan urutan vokal. Hal ini berbeza dengan Kaedah Bacalah Anakku yang tidak bersifat konsisten dan teratur seperti tidak membunyikan fonem mengikut International Phonetic Alphabets (IPA) dan cara pengejaan yang tidak sikronis, iaitu bunyi semasa proses mengeja tidak sama dengan output (bunyi) akhir. Hasil kajian ini boleh dijadikan rujukan kepada guru-guru di sekolah tentang penggunaan kaedah bacaan bahasa Melayu yang lebih berkesan kepada semua jenis murid. Penggunaan kaedah yang tepat secara tidak langsung dapat mengurangkan kadar buta huruf dalam kalangan murid di Malaysia.
Financial Planning Towards Marriage Among the Millennial Generation
Authors: Zulkarnain Nur Muzdalifah , Ramli Zaimah
Published: January 2021

The economic situation that is getting more challenging, and the desire to dream for a luxurious marriage is a challenge faced by couples who are heading towards marriage nowadays. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify whether the millennial generation has a specific saving for marriage or not, identifying items and expenditure estimates for their wedding, and identifying the millennial generation's financial sources to celebrate their wedding. The purposive sampling technique was used in this study. The data collection instrument was using questionnaires. Questionnaires were distributed at Medan MARA Marriage Course, Kuala Lumpur. As many as 85 people of the millennial generation (aged 18 to 40 years old) who are Muslims and have not been married were involved in this study. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the study objective. Study results found that most of the millennial generation has a specific saving to get married, especially men. The estimated value for wedding expenses is between RM10,000 to RM15,999. Savings, loans, and family contributions were three main financial sources for the millennial generation to accomplish their wedding. The study implication suggests that the millennial generation be wiser in personal financial planning, especially in planning savings and expenses for their wedding.
Zakah Distribution for The Purpose of Capital Assistance at Zakah Institutions in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Harun Noor Fazni , Ab Rahman Asmak
Published: January 2021

As prescribed by shari'ah, zakah is distributed to eight (8) groups of asnaf. There are different mechanisms in Malaysia to distribute zakah, such as financial support for living, education, medical, et cetera. One of the financial supports from zakah is to motivate the beneficiary of zakah by supplying zakah fund for business purposes. This study will explore the practise of capital assistance among zakah institutions in Malaysia. The information for this research was gathered through interviews conducted between July and September 2019. The findings indicate that, out of fourteen (14) states in Malaysia, only one state does not include zakah for business purposes, which is Sarawak or Tabung Baitulmal Sarawak.
Editorial Llamkasun
Authors: Revista Científica y Tecnológica Llamkasun
Published: January 2021

La Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Tayacaja “Daniel Hernández Morillo” presenta el Vol. 1, No 1 (2020) de la Revista de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica “Llamkasun” que es una publicación editada semestralmente por la UNAT y gestionada mediante Open Journal System. Tiene como objetivo publicar artículos resultados de investigaciones concluidas que conserven un carácter de originalidad, utilidad, relevancia científica y tecnológica; que aporten nuevos  onocimientos sobre aspectos teóricos o prácticos en las áreas de Recursos Naturales, Educación, Salud, Alimentación, Ingeniería y entre otras disciplinas.
ANALYSIS OF CURRENT HARMONICS IN A DECOUPLED SVPWM CONTROLLED DUAL TWO LEVEL INVERTER FED OPEN END WINDING INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE
Authors: GOWRI K.SRI , HAKEEM M. ABDUL , MAHESH S. VENKATA
Published: January 2021

Pulse width modulation has been one of the most intensively investigated areas of power electronics for many years now, and the number of combinations seems to be endless. However, according to a hierarchal consensus, Space Vector Modulation techniques are ranked higher in order of merit, based on harmonic performance. In this paper, Space Vector PWM Switching scheme is employed for a dual two level inverter feeding an Induction motor from both ends (open end winding). The decoupled SVPWM is employed for the dual-inverter scheme in order to realize the reference voltage vector. The Gating pulses are correspondingly generated for the dual inverters in order to realize the reference voltage, and the respective voltages are fed to 1kW open end windings of an induction motor drive. The harmonic content of the three phase currents in the motor are analyzed with an appropriate variation in its modulation index. Thus the performance in terms of harmonic analysis is carried out using Matlab/SIMULINK for an open end winding induction motor drive.
A FRACTIONAL DELAY FIR FILTER BASED ON LAGRANGE INTERPOLATION OF FARROW STRUCTURE
Authors: RAJALAKSHMI K. , GONDI SWATHI , KANDASWAMY A.
Published: January 2021

An efficient implementation technique for the Lagrange interpolation is derived. This formulation called the Farrow structure leads to a version of Lagrange interpolation that is well suited to time varying FD filtering. Lagrange interpolation is mostly used for fractional delay approximation as it can be used for increasing the sampling rate of signals and systems. Lagrange interpolation is one of the representatives for a class of polynomial interpolation techniques. The computational cost of this structure is reduced as the number of multiplications are minimised in the new structure when compared with the conventional structure.
FSM BASED DIGITAL WATERMARKING IN IP SECURITY
Authors: MASTANBEE SK. , SUSEELAMMA G. , ADINARAYANA E.
Published: January 2021

IP providers are in pressing need of a convenient means to track the illegal redistribution of the sold IPs. An active approach to protect a VLSI design against IP infringement is by embedding a signature that can only be uniquely generated by the IP author into the design during the process of its creation. a VLSI IP is developed in several levels of design abstraction with the help of many sophisticated electronic design automation tools. Each level of design abstraction involves solving some NP-complete optimization problems to satisfy a set of design constraints. In this paper, a new dynamic watermarking scheme is proposed. The watermark is embedded in the state transitions of FSM at the behavioral level.
PIEZO BASED ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION USING 3- DIMENSIONAL MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS PRODUCED IN VEHICLES
Authors: NAIDU G.JITHENDRA , REDDY K.PRANAY KUMAR , PRASAD S.SIVA
Published: January 2021

Due to advancement in the field of technology in recent years, wireless data transmission techniques are commonly used in electronic devices. For powering them we rely upon power supply through wires charging, else power may be supplied from batteries. But while travelling for longer distances continuously we may not be able to obtain power supply for these devices to operate or to recharge their batteries. So in order to operate them continuously we need a power source that provides continuous energy to operate these devices. The mechanical vibrations which are produced by the automobiles can be utilized as a source of energy for generating electrical energy that can be utilized by these electronic equipment to operate. These vibrations are produced by different vehicles around us which is going as a waste. This technique utilizes piezoelectric components where deformations produced by vibrations are directly converted to electrical charge via piezoelectric effect and principle of electromagnetic induction between coil and magnetic field which produces Electromotive force in the coil provided displacement to magnet by the vibrations. The piezoelectric materials and permanent magnets are used as energy conversion devices for converting mechanical vibrations to electrical energy. In this context, we introduced two methods and considered its output performance provided input vibrations, by using piezoelectric materials such as PZT for electro mechanical conversion using Mass-spring system as medium of conversion of force from vibrations applied on PZT materials and by using spring-magnet system where relative displacement of magnet with respect to coil, provided input vibrations generates Electromotive force in coil.
SUPER ORTHOGONAL SPACE TIME TRELLIS CODES OVER NAKAGAMI FADING MODEL
Authors: SINHA POONAM , SHARMA ASHUTOSH
Published: January 2021

Performance evaluation of super orthogonal space-time trellis codes for non-frequency selective fading channels & frequency selective fading channels. The analysis is done in presence of fast fading, block fading and quasi-static fading in Rayleigh, and Nakhagami fast fading channels along with comparison. While providing full diversity and full rate, the structure of our new codes allows an increase in the coding gain. Not only does our new SOSTTC outperform the space-time trellis codes in the literature, but it also provides a systematic method for designing space time trellis codes at different rates and for different trellises. Since we have used orthogonal designs as the building blocks in our new SOSTTCs, the complexity of the decoding remains low while full diversity is guaranteed. Codes operating at different rates, up to the highest theoretically possible rate, for different number of states, can be designed by using our optimal set partitioning. In general, new SOSTTCs can provide a tradeoff between rate and coding gain while achieving full diversity.
DESIGN IMPROVEMENT IN FRONT BUMPER OF A PASSENGER CAR USING IMPACT ANALYSIS”-A REVIEW
Authors: MOTGI NITIN S , KULKARNI P.R. , BANSODE SHEELRATAN S
Published: January 2021

Car accidents are happening every day. We must take into account the statistics – ten thousand dead and hundreds of thousands to million wounded each year. These numbers call for the necessity to improve the safety of automobiles during accidents. Automotive bumper system is one of the key systems in passenger cars which helps to protect the vehicle during impacts. The following paper deals with the design improvements in the front bumper of passenger cars in India, using impact analysis. The modification will be made considering size, shape and material.
EFFECT OF A-TIG WELDING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON PENETRATION IN MILD STEEL PLATES
Authors: VIKESH VIKESH , RANDHAWA PROF. JAGJIT , SURI DR, N. M.
Published: January 2021

TIG welding is mostly used to weldthin sections for high surface finish. A major drawback in the processis having very small penetration as compare to other arc welding process. The problem can be avoided by using active flux in conventional TIG welding. In the present study investigate theoptimization of A-TIG welding process on mild steel for an optimal parameter by using Taguchi technique. Theeffect of various process parameters (welding current (I), welding speed (V), active flux) .IN the present study efforts were made to increase the weld penetration by appling the active flux and to optimize the process parameters.
Serum Cytokines in Erythema Nodosum Leprosum Versus Non-Reactional Leprosy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Gervasio Mia Katrina R. , Lizarondo Felix Paolo J. , Dofitas Belen L.
Published: January 2021

Background. Erythema nodosum leprosum is an immune-mediated complication of leprosy whose underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated, making management difficult.Objectives. To determine the serum cytokine profile of ENL compared to non-reactional leprosy states.

Methods. An open literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, TRIP and HERDIN electronic databases using the keywords ("cytokines" or “inflammatory mediators”) and (“erythema nodosum leprosum” or “ENL”) and (“leprosy” or “lepra”). Studies were selected by two independent review authors. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results. Eight cross-sectional studies with 197 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that both serum IL-17 and serum IFN-γ were significantly decreased (Z 2.39, p = 0.02 and Z 2.74, p = 0.01, respectively) in ENL compared to non-reactional states. However, for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-22, TNF-α and TGF-β, no significant differences were found between the two groups.

Conlusion. ENL appears to be an exacerbation of the Th2 cytokine response seen in the lepromatous pole of leprosy. However, despite pooling of data, sample sizes remain small resulting in significant heterogeneity. Future studies involving large sample sizes and investigating a wider range of cytokines are encouraged.
Histopathologic Review of Calcemic Uremic Arteriolopathy: A Case Series
Authors: Barit Jay-V James G. , Cubillan Eileen Liesl A.
Published: January 2021

Calcemic uremic arteriolopathy or calciphylaxis is an uncommon disorder presenting clinically as skin ischemia and necrosis, and histologically as vascular calcification and thrombosis of dermal and subdermal vasculature. This study described two Filipino females with end-stage renal disease on chronic dialysis with non-healing ulcers on the lower extremities as a result of calcification in the vessels of the dermis and subcutaneous fat with associated fat necrosis. Current understanding of its various histologic features was reviewed for proper diagnosis.
Stakeholders in the Development of the National Unified Health Research Agenda of the Philippines
Authors: De Veyra Chiqui M. , Dorotan Miguel Manuel C. , Feranil Alan B. , Dizon Teddy S. , Geroy Lester Sam A. , Lopez Jaifred Christian F. , Sales Reneepearl Kim P.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. Stakeholders and stakeholder engagement in agenda setting are not well documented despite its increased recognition. This paper aimed to describe stakeholder engagement in the agenda setting. Specifically, it aimed to (1) describe the process of stakeholder engagement in the development of the NUHRA 2017-2022; (2) describe characteristics of stakeholders involved; and (3) identify lessons learned during the engagement.

Methods. Documents pertinent to the agenda setting process, which included profile of participants and feedback on the consultation process were reviewed and analyzed. Key informant interviews were also conducted among selected PCHRD officials and members of the Philippine National Health Research System - Research Agenda Committee. Stakeholder mapping was conducted prior to the engagement to identify potential stakeholders. Consultations were conducted in each region involving different stakeholders. Stakeholders in the consultation process were national government agencies, local government units, academe, public and private health facilities, and non-government organizations (NGOs).

Results. The stakeholder with the highest representation was the national government (n=110), while the lowest were public and private health facilities (n=14 each). Interactive discussion of stakeholders with diverse background, is the top item that went well during the consultation and should be retained in the future, and; brainstorming session and presentation were identified item that needs improvement.

Conclusion. A diverse and well-represented set of stakeholders is important in an agenda setting to appropriately identify priorities and to improve uptake of the agenda. Stakeholder engagement, however, should not be limited to agenda setting, collaborative work must be sustained in all aspects of the research cycle.