bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Craniofaringioma
Authors: Neto Aziz Rassi , De Oliveira Carlos Alberto , Ferraz Fernando , Madeira Michele
Published: April 2019

Relatamos um caso de uma criança de 10 anos, do sexo feminino, com história de cefaléia e amaurose há 4 anos. A tomografia computadorizada craniana (TC) e a ressonância magnética (RM) demonstraram lesão supra-selar com características sólida e cística, sugestiva de Craniofaringioma. A criança foi submetida a uma craniotomia bifrontal, com ressecção da porção sólida da lesão e colocação de cateter na porção cística, conectado a um reservatório de Ommaya para quimioterapia intratumoral. Após controle radiológico com contraste, foram realizadas injeções diárias intracisto de bleomicina por oito dias. Com o tratamento, a paciente evoluiu bem e o controle tomográfico mostrou redução acentuada do volume tumoral.
Terceiro ventriculostomia endoscópica
Authors: Filho Hildo R. C. Azevedo , Furtado Geraldo J. D. , Almeida Nivaldo S. , Filho Geraldo S. Carneiro , Pinho Débora M. B. , Azevedo Renata C. A. Cirne de
Published: April 2019

A terceira ventriculostomia endoscópica vem sendo considerada na atualidade como a primeira opção de tratamento das hidrocefalias não-comunicantes. Uma análise crítica detalhada do método, no que concerne aos aspectos técnico-cirúrgicos, não tem aparecido com frequência na literatura, sobretudo nas publicações em língua portuguesa. Para preencher essa lacuna os autores descrevem exaustivamente o equipamento utilizado, técnicas de assepsia e desinfecção e discutem amplamente o procedimento cirúrgico, cotejando a sua experiência com a dos autores que internacionalmente mais têm se interessado pelo emprego do método.
Anastomose mediano-ulnar de Martin-Gruber
Authors: Aguiar Paulo Henrique , Martins Roberto Sérgio , Shu Edson Bor Seng , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Buralini José Augusto , Marchese Antônio João Tedesco
Published: April 2019

Neste trabalho os autores analisam e discutem os tipos e a frequência da anastomose mediano-ulnar de Martin-Gruber a partir de dissecações anatômicas de 40 antebraços de corpos de cadáveres. A anastomose mediano-ulnar foi observada em 8 casos. Este tipo de anastomose deve ser considerado no estudo anátomo-cirúrgico do membro superior, além de ser importante no entendimento dos processos patológicos do antebraço. Neste estudo discutimos os tipos e a importância da anastomose de Martin-Gruber, com base na revisão da literatura.
Hematoma extradural crônico
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto , Da Silva Alvino Dutra , Leão João Domingos Barbosa Carneiro , Barreto Alberto Silva , Machado Antonio Fernando Aguiar
Published: April 2019

Os autores relatam catorze casos diagnosticados de hematoma extradura crônico, dos quais treze foram tratados cirurgicamente. São enfatizados o valor da tomografia computadorizada no diagnóstico dessa lesão, assim como os critérios para indicação cirúrgica.
Lipoma da cisterna quadrigêmea/cerebelo-mesencefálica
Authors: Nigri Flávio , Telles Carlos , Simões Elington Lannes , Soares João Carlos
Published: April 2019

Os lipomas envolvendo o sistema nervoso central são raros e frequentemente assintomáticos. Muitas vezes não se correlacionam com a queixa principal do paciente, representando achado ocasional. Três pacientes com lipoma da cisterna quadrigêmea/cerebelo-mesencefálica foram identificados apresentando manifestações clinicas diferentes. Suas idades à época do diagnóstico eram de l, 10 e 17 anos, todos do sexo feminino. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) e a ressonância magnética (RM) encefálica revelaram os achados. As manifestações clínicas foram respectivamente de hidrocefalia, epilepsia e cefaléia, tendo o lipoma relação direta com a manifestação clinica apenas no caso de hidrocefalia. Revisamos na literatura 60 casos de lipomas localizados na cisterna cisterna quadrigêmea/cerebelo-mesencefálica.
Hematoma subdural encefálico bilateral pós-raquianestesia para cesariana
Authors: Guimarães Otacilio Moreira , Toledo Domingos Eduardo Resente , Venturelli Italo Denelle
Published: April 2019

Relatamos caso de uma paciente de 22 anos, submetida a tratamento cirúrgico de um hematoma subdural crônico bilateral, no 29° dia após a raquianestesia de sua segunda cesariana. Na revisão dei literatura podemos verificar a raridade desta patologia, sendo que até 1990 havia somente 15 canos publicados em trabalhos de língua inglesa. A cefaléia pós-punção lombar diagnóstica ou raquianestesia é uma complicação conhecida, podendo haver remissão espontânea em 3 a 5 dias ou com tratamento conservador. Ressaltamos neste trabalho a atenção que devemos dar àquelas pacientes com cefaléia pós-raquianestesia, contínua, gradual e resistente às medidas conservadoras: devemos considerar a possibilidade de hematoma subdural e fazer o estudo propedêutico adequado, sendo a tomografia computadorizada de crânio o exame de escolha.
Fístulas crânio-nasais do líquido céfalo-raquiano
Authors: Rodrigues Flávio Freinkel , Tonamura Elise Tchie , Temponi Vicente Ferraz , Neves Flávio Falcometa , Tavares Márcio Pessanha
Published: April 2019

Os autores estudam uma série de pacientes com fístula do líquido céfalo-raquidiano (LCR). Analisam as etiologias mais comuns desse tipo de fístula e as classificam didaticamente em dois grandes grupos: espontâneas e traumáticas. O objetivo deste estudo é discutir a conduta terapêutica e chamar a atenção para as principais dificuldades no diagnóstico dessas lesões.
Apnéia do sono central em paciente com malformação de Chiari tipo I e siringomielia
Authors: Botelho Ricardo Vieira , Bittencourt Lia Rita Azevedo , Rotta José Marcos , Nery Luiz Eduardo , Tufik Sérgio
Published: April 2019

Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente de 54 anos, do sexo masculino, que procurou o nosso serviço com queixas de sonolência, ronco e pausas respiratórias durante o sono. O estudo com polissonografia revelou a presença de apnéias centrais, com índice de apnéia/hipopnéia (IAH)= 47.0. O paciente retornou ao serviço, após um ano sem seguimento, com piora da sintomatologia, fraqueza em membros superiores e dificuldade de deglutição. Foi estudado com ressonância magnética (RM) que mostrou malformação de Chiari tipo I (MCI) com siringomielia C1-C3, tendo sido submetido à cirurgia descompressiva para tratamento da MCI e siringomielia. Houve remissão da apnéia do sono central, com evolução do IAH para 9,6 em polissonografia pós-operatória.
Consumer Price Index (CPI) as a competitiveness inflation measure: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Shaban Osama Samih , Al-Attar Mohammad , Al-hawatmah Zaid , Ali Nafez Nimer
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the Consumer Price Index (CPI) as a competitiveness inflation measure and to determine whether an empirical relationship exists between the rates of inflation represented in CPI and the level of the real exchange rate. In order to achieve the objectives of this paper, the study calculated the consumer price index (CPI) as an inflation rate for the period 2010-2018, and also adopted the real exchange rates for the same period. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a Pearson correlation analysis between the average CPI rates, and the average exchange rate were conducted. The outcomes of the correlation analysis conducted reflect a negative correlation of 62% between the exchange rates and the CPI’s inflation rates, which means that when CPI rates cause direct opposite effect of the determination level of exchange rates on the Jordanian economy.
Some Fejér type integral inequalities for geometrically-arithmetically-convex functions with applications
Authors: Latif Muhammad , Dragomir Sever , Momoniat Ebrahim
Published: April 2019

In this paper, the notion of geometrically symmetric functions is
introduced. A new identity involving geometrically symmetric functions is
established, and by using the obtained identity, the H?lder integral
inequality and the notion of geometrically-arithmetically convexity, some
new Fej?r type integral inequalities are presented. Applications of our
results to special means of positive real numbers are given as well.
Comparison results for proper double splittings of rectangular matrices
Authors: Appi Reddy , Kurmayya T.
Published: April 2019

In this article, we consider two proper double splittings satisfying certain
conditions, of a semi-monotone rectangular matrix A and derive new
comparison results for the spectral radii of the corresponding iteration
matrices. These comparison results are useful to analyse the rate of
convergence of the iterative methods (formulated from the double splittings)
for solving rectangular linear system Ax = b.
Soft union interior ideals, quasi-ideals and generalized bi-ideals of rings
Authors: Sezgin Aslıhan
Published: April 2019

In this paper, soft union interior ideals, quasi-ideals and generalized
bi-ideals of rings are defined and their properties are obtained and the
interrelations of them are given. Moreover regular, regular duo,
intra-regular and strongly regular rings are characterized in terms of these
soft union ideals. This paper is a following study of [19].
Microstructure and tribological behavior of W-Mo alloy coating on powder metallurgy gears based on double glow plasma surface alloying technology
Authors: Wei D.-B. , Liang H.-X. , Li S.-Q. , Li F.-K. , Ding F. , Wang S.-Y. , Liu Z.-L. , Zhang P.-Z.
Published: April 2019

In the present paper, plasma surface alloying was implemented on powder metallurgy gears to improve its wear resistance based on double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology. A W-Mo alloy coating was obtained in the process. The morphology, microstructure and phase composition were investigated by SEM, EDS and XRD. The hardness was examined by Vickers hardness test and nanoindentation test. The tribological behavior of powder metallurgy gears before and after plasma surface alloying was evaluated on a ball-on-disc reciprocating sliding tribometer under dry sliding condition at room temperature. The results indicate that the W-Mo alloy coating is homogeneous without defects, which includes deposition layer and interdiffusion layer. The average microhardness of powder metallurgy gears before and after plasma surface alloying is 145.8 HV0.1 and 344.4 HV0.1, respectively; Nano hardness of deposition layer and interdiffusion layer is 5.76 GPa, 14.35 GPa, respectively. The specific wear rate of W-Mo alloy coating is lower than original PM gears. The wear mechanism of W-Mo alloy coating is slight adhesive wear. The W-Mo alloy coating prepared by double glow plasma surface alloying technology can effectively improve wear resistance of powder metallurgy gears.
Educação para sentido na vida e valores: percepção de universitários a partir do livro “Em busca de sentido”, de Viktor Frankl
Authors: Santos David
Published: April 2019

A sensação de vazio e falta de sentido na vida tem se disseminado na sociedade contemporânea, especialmente na juventude. Portanto, se faz necessária uma educação que promova o desenvolvimento pessoal ancorado no sentido de vida, que é compreendido aqui como a motivação primária do ser humano. Para tanto, uma estratégia viável é o uso de expressões literárias, por exemplo, os livros. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e discutir a percepção de universitários de engenharia de computação em relação à leitura do livro Em busca de sentido , de Viktor Frankl. Os relatórios produzidos pelos estudantes foram investigados com base na análise de conteúdo. Em geral, os resultados demonstram que os estudantes perceberam a importância de sentido na vida em seu cotidiano e na superação de dificuldades, bem como a liberdade e a responsabilidade que o ser humano tem para escolher (ou não) possibilidades significativas. Ademais, os estudantes mostraram-se satisfeitos com a atividade proposta a partir do livro.
O brincar e o cuidado nos espaços da educação infantil: desenvolvendo os animais que somos
Authors: Avila Colla Rodrigo
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo discute o brincar e o cuidado como tarefas constitutivas do desenvolvimento humano. Para tanto, vale-se de contribuições teóricas de autores que são referências na área de educação infantil. A organização do espaço, nessa etapa, e a disponibilização de materiais adequados também são tematizadas e tratadas como práticas relevantes na formação. O texto problematiza a animalidade humana como um conjunto de potências a serem observadas nas crianças. Na proposta aqui defendida, a pedagogia da primeira infância deve estar atenta a tais potências, bem como deve fomentar a livre iniciativa das crianças, propiciando condições para que realizem suas descobertas de modo lúdico. Nesse processo, o cuidado também é algo indispensável e consiste na disposição dos animais que somos, que é inextricável do ato de educar.
The effect of perceived overqualification on job crafting
Authors: Bang Eunju , Suh Youngwon
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the positive effects of perceived overqualification. For testing hypotheses in this study, data were collected from 458 employees. In this study we found three main results. First, this study investigated a moderating effect of peer based perceived overqualification on the relationship between perceived overqualification and organization based self-esteem. Second, this study found an indirect effect of perceived overqualification on job crafting via organization based self-esteem. Third, job autonomy had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between organization based self-esteem and job crafting. These findings were contrast to most previous studies which focused on negative organizational behaviors of perceived overqualification such as turnover, counterproductive work behavior(CWB). Therefore, this study suggests that perceived overqualification does not always lead to negative consequences and future perceived overqualification research should be conducted by new viewpoint.
Verifying the effectiveness of career group coaching for the promotion of individual resources related to job searching
Authors: Jeong Heejeong , Tak Jinkook
Published: April 2019

In this study, we developed a career group coaching program for career interrupted female with highly educated in science and engineering and verified the effect. In order to refine the program direction, Inquiry surveys were conducted through literature surveys, in-depth interviews, and surveys. Before applying the program, we applied the preliminary research program to 6 women who had cut off science and engineering career and tested the effect. The program was revised and supplemented with the questionnaire results and opinions of experts. In order to verify the effectiveness of the program, 45 students who autonomously participated in the dismissal career of science and engineering major were assigned to 15 experimental groups, 15 comparative groups and 15 control groups by radio allocation. At this time, the experimental group performed the program developed in this study, the comparative group performed the WIN program, and the control group was not treated. Experimental group and comparative group were conducted at 8 sessions for 120 minutes once a week. Job-seeking efficacy, career adaptability, social support, growth mindset, and stress coping were measured before, after and after 3 months. Data analysis was conducted to confirm the homogeneity of the three groups through SPSS 21.0, and then to verify the interaction effect between the point of view, experiment, comparison and control group before, after and after. As a result, it was confirmed that career group coaching positively influenced job performance self-efficacy, career adaptability, growth mindset, stress coping ability, statistically significant difference and average score increase. Also, it was confirmed that the coaching effectiveness was maintained. Based on the results of this study, implications and limitations of this study and future research were discussed.
The effect of organizational companionship on team effectiveness
Authors: Kim Youngshik , Suh Yongwon
Published: April 2019

The present study verified that organizational companionship reduces the effect of task conflict on relationship conflict, which leads to positive effect on team effectiveness indicators - teamwork and team performance. Data were collected from 304 employees using survey questionnaires. The result indicated that relationship conflict mediated the relationship between task conflict and teamwork. Also, the results showed that a moderated mediation effect of organizational companionship was significant. Specifically, the higher organizational companionship, the less mediation effect of relationship conflict. Results of structural equation modeling signified that the moderated mediation effect leads to positive effect on team performance. Lastly, implications and limitations of the results are discussed.
Validation of the Korean version of the thriving at work scale
Authors: Choi JungKoum , Kim MyoungSo
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study was to validate the Thriving at Work Scale(TWS) developed by Porath and colleagues(2012) in Korea. Specifically, the study was attempted to (1) examine the factor structure and items of the TWS to develop the Korean version of the TWS(TWS-K), and (2) investigate the discriminant validity of the TWS-K with the 5 similar concepts proposed only conceptually in the literature(job engagement, flow, resilience, flourishing, psychological well-being) as well as the incremental validity of the TWS-K over job engagement on performance. Two surveys were conducted for this purpose, and a total of 850 employees working at different fields in Korea participated in off-line or on-line survey. In Study 1, we conducted both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using the off-line data of 205 participants. The results showed that the factor structure of vitality and learning composed of positive 10 items in the TWS-K had a better fit compared to the original positive 8 and negative 2 items included in the TWS. It was also found that the reliability of the TWS-K was much higher than that of the TWS among Koreans. In Study 2, the results of a confirmatory factor analysis on 645 on-line participants demonstrated the six-factor model which assumed the independence of 6 related factors had the best fit among 6 models, supporting the discriminant validity of the TWS-K. Support was also found for the criterion-related validity of the TWS-K on the various criteria of performance. In addition, the results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses confirmed that thriving at work is a distinct construct, as the incremental variances of thriving at work on task, contextual, and adaptive performance were significant when each of similar concepts such as jog engagement controlled. Finally the implications and future research directions were discussed based on the findings.
Screening and evaluation of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in inundated soil
Authors: Adigbo Sunday Ojo , Osadebay Philip Joseph , Iseghohi Innocent , Alarima Cornelius Idowu , Agbenin Nnennaya Ogechi , Odedina Joy Nwakaego , Fabunmi Thomas Oladeji
Published: April 2019

Poor germination and subsequent low grain yield of dry seeded upland rice in the existing anaerobic and short niche between lowland rice and dry season crops in the inland valley necessitate the screening of 19 rice varieties. The identification of vigorous growth and short duration upland rice variety in anaerobic condition would optimize this niche. The potted experiment was carried out in the screen house of the Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ikole campus in 2015 to screen and evaluate the performance of upland rice varieties in inundated soils with a view to selecting the suitable variety or varieties that will fit into the existing niche in the inland valley. The experiment was laid in a complete randomization design and replicated three times. The number of leaves, biomass and grain weight plant−1 of the varieties were significantly (P ≤ 0.05 %) different. The number of tillers observed in WAB 56-104, NERICA 4, NERICA 6, NERICA 3, NERICA 5, NERICA 10, NERICA 9, ARICA 4 NERICA 1, FARO 63, FARO 65 and NERICA 8 varieties were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of Igbemo varieties. The numbers of days to 50 % flowering of NERICA 1, NERICA 2, NERICA 10, NERICA 5, NERICA 9, NERICA 3, NERICA 7, NERICA 8, ARICA 4 and WAB 56-104 varieties were the lowest. Although Igbemo brown, Igbemo white varieties had the highest grain yields per plant, their maturity period exceeded the short period. Thus, NERICA 2 and NERICA 5 varieties which had lower number of days to flowering could be considered as candidate varieties that can be optimized in the niche in question.
Exploring morphological variation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum): A combined study of disease resistance, genetic divergence and association of characters
Authors: Kouam Eric Bertrand , Dongmo Joseph Roger , Djeugap Joseph Fovo
Published: April 2019

Genetic variation of quantitative traits is a prevalent characteristic among cultivated tomato varieties. Twenty tomato genotypes comprising indigenous varieties and commercial cultivars, cultured in the Western Region of Cameroon were evaluated using fourteen quantitative traits for disease resistance, phenotypic divergence and heritability estimates. The experiment was carried out using a randomized completed blocks design with three replications. Data collections were disease characteristics, plant development features and yield attributes. The analysis of variance revealed significant variation among genotypes for all the experimental quantitative traits. Hybrid varieties had significantly more fruit yield (1066.00 g/plant), single fruit weight (57.28 g), fruit diameter (4.47 cm) and pericarp thickness (0.54 cm) compared to standard and indigenous varieties. These indigenous varieties were significantly more resistant to late blight, alternaria leaf spot and viral diseases. They also had significantly higher collar diameter (16.30 mm), number of primary branches per plant (8.45), number of fruit per plant (31.58) and plant height (88.33 cm) compared to standard and hybrid plants. The genotype local 2 was the third most productive (1576.39 g / plant) after Rio Semagri (1984.80 g/plant) and Sakato F1 (1691.69 g/plant). Heritability and genetic advance estimates were high for twelve of the fourteen studied quantitative traits. Fruit yield showed significant positive correlations with single fruit weight and number of fruit per plant. However, significant negative correlation was found between fruit yield and time to 50 % flowering, 50 % fruiting, 50 % maturity and viral disease. The first three and the first four components in the principal component analysis explained, respectively, 77.85 % and 88.38 % of the total variation observed among genotypes. The first component determined 41.42 % of the total variation, dominated by the collar diameter, the number of primary branches per plant and plant height. This study clearly indicated that indigenous varieties are the most disease resistant genotypes and are having substantial fruit yield (945.30 g/plant) similar to standard varieties and at a touching distance to hybrid cultivars.
Determinants of technical efficiency in duck production in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Baruwa Olayinka Isiaka , Tijani Akeem Abiade , Alimi Taiwo
Published: April 2019

The need to complement the supply of animal products with other sources of poultry necessitates exploring the potentials of domestic duck production. Studies conducted on indigenous ducks in Nigeria have paid less attention to the resource requirements and its determinants to duck production. This study therefore estimated technical efficiencies of domestic duck producers in South-western Nigeria, and identified some socio-economic factors, which influence them. A combination of purposive and random sampling was employed. Stochastic frontier production function approach using a translog production function was used to estimate the technical efficiencies of indigenous duck producers, while inefficiency model was used to determine the socio-economic factors affecting the technical efficiencies. The results showed that the level of technical efficiency ranged from 48% to 96% with a mean of 83.3%, which suggests that average duck output was 16.7% short of the maximum possible level. This implies that productive efficiency could still be improved using the subsisting resource base. The study concluded that mounting capacity building programmes for duck farmers generally, and availability of credit could increase the productivity of duck enterprise if monitored.
In vitro response of three contrasting cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties to mannitol-induced drought stress
Authors: Jolayemi Okanlawon Lekan , Opabode Jelili Titilola , Badara Gueye
Published: April 2019

In vitro selection of drought-tolerant cassava varieties is essential for rapid breeding for drought tolerance. The objectives of this study were to determine the response of three contrasting cassava varieties to mannitol-induced drought stress to establish its suitability for in vitro screening and examine relationships among growth parameters. Plantlets were raised from nodal segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 g/l mannitol. Variety CH 140 had the highest survival of explants and frequency of root formation, while MV 99/0395 recorded the highest number of chlorotic leaves and the lowest survival of explants. The lowest numbers of leaves were produced at 25 and 30 g/l mannitol by the three varieties. In CH 140, the highest number of leaves was produced in medium free of mannitol, while the highest number of leaves was produced at 5 and 10 g/l mannitol in MV 99/0395 and TMS 01/1206, respectively. In TMS 01/1206, number of roots produced decreased as the concentration of mannitol in culture media increased, whereas in CH140, number of roots increased as the concentration of mannitol increased before decreasing; while in MV 99/0395, number of roots was not affected by an increase in mannitol concentration. As the concentration of mannitol in the culture media increased shoot height of plantlets decreased with a sharp decline at 20 mg/l mannitol. Concentration of mannitol and survival of explants had significant negative correlation with all parameters. However, frequency of root formation only had significant positive correlation with shoot length. The study concluded that differential responses were expressed by the three varieties to mannitol-induced drought stress and mannitol at 20 g/l concentration was a suitable in vitro drought inducing-agent for screening cassava varieties for drought tolerance.
A Comparison of Social Learning Systems: Crochet Alongs and Moocs
Authors: Williams Shirley , Highwood E.J.
Published: April 2019

Essentially social learning is a system where the learning occurs with and from others. Internet-based technologies have provided environments within which social learning can take place among very large groups covering various topics, ranging from academic to leisure.

In general MOOCs are academic-related courses offered by educational institutions, following a model of formal education, however they also take advantage of the concept of social learning, encouraging participants to learn together and from each other.

Crochet Alongs (CALs) are non-formal courses offered outside educational institutions. CALs give crocheters the opportunity to learn more about their craft within an Internet-based social learning system, while working independently on their own instantiation of a pattern released at intervals. Participants offer support to each other via social media, sometimes seeking help in overcoming problems and other times just to share success.

There is a considerable body of research into the MOOC phenomena, there is no such body of research into CALs, or other Internet-based craft courses. There are a number of similarities between MOOCs and CALs with some CALs attracting thousands of participants to freely available online courses. Contrasting MOOCs and CALs offers educationalists to explore alternatives approaches to social learning.
Optimisation of Widefield Fluorescence Fret System for Studying Separate Molecule Interactions
Authors: Hippe Laura , Svirskis Šimons , Murovska Modra , Kālis Mārtiņš
Published: April 2019

The Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) method has wide application in modern science for studying protein–protein interactions and conformational changes. FRET allows to assess molecular interactions by measuring energy transfer between acceptor and donor fluorophores coupled to the molecule(s) of interest. The method demands high precision in experimental design, experimental settings and correct data interpretation. Therefore, we tested several parameters to estimate FRET measurement accuracy in our Nikon wide-field fluorescence FRET system. The experiments were performed in a HEK-293 cell line transfected with DNA constructs expressing Calcium Release-Activated Channel (CRAC) subunits STIM1 and ORAI1 coupled to donor fluorophore Cyan Fluorescent Protein (CFP) and acceptor fluorophore Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP), respectively. Exposure time and approach of data analysis varied throughout experiments in order to optimise FRET data quality. Dependence of FRETeff values on measurement quality and donor/acceptor fluorophore ratio in the cells was estimated. We demonstrated that, using the wide-field fluorescence FRET system, minimising the exposure of fluorophores before measurement using neutral density (ND) filters considerably minimises undesirable photo-bleaching of the fluorophores. There was a strong correlation between the CFP/YFP ratio in the cells and the observed FRET level, suggesting that only cells with certain donor/acceptor ratio might be comparable. We also showed impact of FRET measurement quality, defined as accordance of FRET pixels to Gaussian distribution, on FRET artefacts. Knowledge obtained during our experiments may be important for approbating similar wide-field fluorescence FRET systems to study two separate molecule interactions and for understanding the correct setup of the experiments and data interpretation.
Lead concentration in hard dental tissues – SEM/EDS analysis
Authors: Kuzmanović Radman Irena , Arbutina Adriana , Josipović Renata , Đeri Aleksandra
Published: April 2019

Introduction Currently, one of the most important ecological issues is exposure to lead in environment, since it is a metal with evident toxic effects on human organism. Hard dental tissues are suitable structures for assessing long-term effects of exposure to toxic metals. The aim of this paper was to determine the concentration of lead in hard dental tissues of a rat with experimentally induced DM using SEM/EDS analysis, after 14 and 30 days of exposing animals to lead. Material and methods The study was conducted in rats of Wistar strains divided into the three groups. The first group consisted of 8 rats (128 molars and premolars of the upper and lower jaws) with experimentally induced DM, taking lead in the course of 14 days at the concentration of 1500 ppm; the second group included 8 rats (128 molars and premolars of the upper and lower jaws) taking lead in the course of 30 days at the concentration of 1500 ppm, while the third control group consisted of 5 healthy rats (80 molars and premolars of the upper and lower jaws). Experimental animals received lead-acetate every day at the concentration of 1500 ppm via water ad libitum. In these animals, diabetes mellitus was induced by Alloxan. The teeth samples were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). EDS analysis determined the mass fraction of lead and other elements in hard dental tissues. Results No lead was detected in a single tooth layer in the teeth of rats that received lead in drinking water in the course of 14 days. The average values of the mass fraction of lead, calcium, and phosphorus in enamel of teeth of rats receiving lead in the course of 30 days amounted to: lead 0.36%, calcium 15.48%, and phosphorus 10.62%. Lead was registered only in enamel. Conclusion Lead was detected in enamel only in rats receiving lead in the course of 30 days while it was not detected in teeth after the course of 14 days.
Efficacy of different irrigation techniques on calcium hydroxide removal from the root canal
Authors: Galić Vanja Opačić , Stašić Jovana N.
Published: April 2019

Introduction Calcium hydroxide (CH) is a medicament widely used in endodontic treatment due to its antibacterial, regenerative and biocompatible properties. Studies have shown that remaining CH on root canal walls and dentinal tubules can compromise sealer penetration, leading to its weak adhesion, volume change and, consequently, apical leakage.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of four different techniques in removing calcium hydroxide from the root canal.

Material and Methods 32 extracted single-rooted teeth with one canal were used in this study. The canals were prepared using BioRaCe system (FKG Dentaire, Swiss) BR5 40/.04 with sodium hypochlorite irrigation after each instrument. Longitudinal grooves were formed on the proximal root surfaces. All canals (except negative control) were filled with aqueous CH suspension. After seven days of incubation, the teeth were allocated into the four groups (n=7), plus positive and negative control. Four techniques (systems) for CH removal were tested: conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), XP-endo Finisher (FKG Dentaire, Swiss) and Canal Brush (Roeko, Coltene) with irrigation of 5 ml 2% NaOCl and 5 ml 10% citric acid. All the roots were then split into the two halves with chisel and observed under the stereomicroscope (Boeco, Germany) at magnification of 20x. The area with remaining CH on the root canal wall surface was then divided with the total root canal surface area (%). The obtained results were statistically processed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (p<0.05).

Results The most efficient system was XP-endo Finisher with 91.33% of clean surface, followed by PUI 88.36%, Canal Brush 87.83%, and CSI with 66.92%.

Conclusion None of the systems completely removed the traces of the medicament from the root canal. For optimal clinical success, it is necessary to combine various systems with copious irrigation.
Ortaokul matematik derslerinde dinamik geometri yazılımı Geometer’s Sketchpad kullanımı ile ilgili öğrenci görüşleri
Authors: ERDENER Kevser , GÜR Hülya
Published: April 2019

Teknolojinin matematik derslerinde kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla birlikte dinamik geometri yazılımlarının matematik eğitimindeki  önemi artmıştır. Bu çalışmada dinamik geometri yazılımlarından Geometr’s Sketchpad’in (GSP) matematik derslerinde kullanılmasının öğrenciler üzerinde etkisi araştırılmıştır.  Çalışma Marmara bölgesinde yer alana bir ilçede bir ortaokulda yürütülmüştür. Geometer’s Sketchpad yazılımı ile tasarlanan  etkinlikler, açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan çalışma yaprakları ile desteklenerek ortaokul 7. sınıf öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır.  Etkinlik uygulandıktan sonra  bu öğrencilerden 8 tanesi ile görüşme gerçekleştirilmiş ve görüşmede 7 tane açık uçlu sorudan oluşan görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilere matematik derslerinde Geometer’s  Sketchpad yazılımı kullanımı ile ilgili görüşleri sorulmuştur. Öğrencilerin görüşlerinden elde edilen nitel verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına  göre Geometr’s Sketchpad kullanımının öğrencilerin matematik  dersine yönelik görüşlerini olumlu yönde değiştirdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma sonuçlarına gore matematik dersinde Geometer’s Sketchpad yazılımının kullanımı öğrencilerin geometrik kavramları öğrenmesini kolaylaştırmış ve öğrenilen kavramların kalıcılığı artırmıştır.
Termal kağıtlardaki bisfenol A’nın saptanması için optimizasyon çalışması
Authors: SUNGUR Şana , KANAN Fidan
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada, termal kağıtlardaki bisfenol A’nın (BPA) kantitatif olarak saptanması için kesin ve hassas bir yöntem geliştirilmiştir. BPA termal kağıtlardan asetonitril-su karışımı ile ekstrakte edilmiştir. BPA’nın ektraksiyon verimi üzerine organik çözücü konsantrasyonunun, ekstraksiyon sıcaklığı ve süresinin, pH’ın etkileri incelenmiştir. Optimize edilen koşullar altında (asetonitril:su oranı 40:60, pH=7, 60 ºC’de, 8 saat), geliştirilen metot beş farklı tipteki termal kağıttan (kasa fişi, POS cihazı fişi, hastane barkodu, ATM fişi, uçak bileti) BPA’nın ekstrakte edilmesi amacıyla uygulanmış ve BPA konsantrasyonları 8.91–10.27 mg g-1 aralığında saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, 5 ve 10 mg g-1 BPA seviyelerindeki spike örnekler için % RSD değerleri sırasıyla 1.80 ve 2.90 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Estudo de Viabilidade: Mercado Livre vs Mercado Cativo
Authors: Teberge Caio Rocha , Sodré Eduardo
Published: April 2019

O estudo de viabilidade permite que o consumidor de energia elétrica obtenha uma análise acerca da possibilidade de obter economia, de maneira que ele pode escolher se permanece no Mercado Regulado ou opta pela migração para o Mercado Livre. Para tanto, foi elaborado um estudo com base nos valores cobrados em cada ambiente de comercialização, analisando cada tarifa individualmente. Com base nisso, pôde-se observar que,no caso em questão,o Mercado Livre de Energia é uma boa alternativa quando comparado ao Mercado Cativo, uma vez que este é mais oneroso financeiramente quando comparado àquele. Além de evidenciar o modo de contratação mais econômico, o estudoproporcionou uma melhor compreensão sobre os mercados passíveis de negociação no âmbito energético, de forma que o usuário não precise ficar sempre vinculado aos preços e condições das concessionárias.
Análise da Tecnologia Fotovoltaica de CdTe para uma Central Geradora de 1MWp no Semiárido Brasileiro
Authors: Galindo Eduardo Filipe Araújo , De Melo Filho Jose Bione
Published: April 2019

A procura por uma geração de energia mais eficiente e adequada para o semiárido brasileiro foi o objetivo desse estudo no qual foi analisado o uso dos painéis fotovoltaicos de CdTe para uma central geradora de 1 MWp no semiárido Brasileiro, especificamente na cidade de Petrolina. Com isso foram feitas simulações de geração de energia elétrica usando um software específico e posterirormente foram feitas análises e comparações do uso da tecnologia de CdTe em relação aos outros principais tipos de painéis solares no mercado global atual. Verificou-se que os painéis de telureto de cádmio obtiveram o Performance Ratio de 84,86% que foi o maior PR dentro painéis os analisados e mostrou-se também ser o mais ideal quando o fator é ter a menor perda de energia fotovoltaica decorrente a temperatura que foi de -9% e o ganho pela qualidade do modulo fotovoltaico que foi de +1.3%. Com isso o sistema fotovoltaico de CdTe foi o que mais gerou energia durante o ano, com um total de 1667 MWh e que consequentemente foi o que teve a maior viabilidade energética.
Synthetic Variation and Structural Trends in Layered Two-Dimensional Alkylammonium Lead Halide Perovskites
Authors: Paritmongkol Watcharaphol , Dahod Nabeel , Mao Nannan , Zheng Shao-Liang , Tisdale William
Published: April 2019

We report the cooling-induced crystallization of layered two-dimensional lead halide perovskites with controllable inorganic quantum-well thickness (n = 1, 2, 3, 4), organic spacer chain length (butyl-, pentyl-, hexylammonium), A-site cation (methylammonium, formamidinium), and halide anion (iodide, bromide). We report crystal structures for the iodide family as a function of these compositional parameters, and across their temperature dependent phase transitions. In general, lower symmetry crystal structures, increasing extents of organic-spacer interdigitation, and increasing organic-spacer corrugation tilts are observed at low temperature. In addition, greater structural distortions are seen in lead halide octahedra closest to the organic spacer layer, and larger-n­ structures exhibit periodic variation in Pb-I bond lengths. We also provide detailed guidance regarding the combination of synthetic parameters needed to achieve phase-pure crystals of each composition, and discuss difficulties encountered when trying to synthesize particular members of the 2D perovskite family containing formamidinium or cesium as the A-site cation. These results provide a foundation for understanding structural trends in 2D lead halide perovskites and the effect these trends have on their thermal, electrical, and optical properties.
STRATEGY OF DETERMINATION OF THE HYPOTHETIC DIRECTION OF INCREASING THE RISK OF INFLAMMATION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY
Authors: Roy Yanina , Mazur Nataliia , Riabchun Olena
Published: April 2019

In this article, a mathematical apparatus for comparative analysis of the set of threats of state information resources (DIR) is proposed for consideration, which combines methods and approaches to assess their qualitative and quantitative indicators. The main feature of the study is that the proposed approach to solving the problem of choice does not require a complete restoration of the principle of optimality, but allows to limit only information that will be sufficient to select the "reference sample". The essence of the ranking procedure lies in the fact that the expert poses the threat of an IP in the order that, in his opinion, is the most rational. For each of them the expert assigns specific numbers from a natural series - ranks. In this case, the highest rank receives the threat that has the highest priority. The order scale to be obtained as a result of ranking should satisfy the condition of equality of the number of ranks of the number of ranked threats. In this case, the less complex value of the numerical value will correspond to the least dangerous threat. The essence of the method lies in the fact that the expert must put each threat considered in a certain place in accordance with the degree of availability of one or another property, or in accordance with the proposed by the same expert, the coefficient of significance. In this case, the larger value of a complex assessment corresponds to the least dangerous threat. The basic mathematical method for assessing the threat of threats from the "general population" of the IB classes of threats is the method of formation and research of generalized indicators (criteria), the results of complex combination of which determine the trends of qualitative growth of their significance. Methods of expert assessments are used to increase the reliability of the results of assessing the levels of potential hazards of each threat from the "general population" of IB threat classes. The application of the proposed method will reduce the time to assess the state of the security of information resources and will allow, firstly, to identify the most significant threats that could inflict the greatest damage to information security and, secondly, to direct them the necessary means and safeguards.
‘A Source of Sanity’: The Role of Social Support for Doctoral Candidates’ Belonging and Becoming
Authors: Mantai Lilia
Published: April 2019

Aim/Purpose: This paper investigates the role of social support in the PhD. Despite universities’ efforts to provide a collegial PhD experience, candidates report isolation and loneliness in doctoral education – a factor contributing to attrition.

Background: Previous research (Mantai & Dowling, 2015) defined social support in four categories: moral, emotional, guiding and mentoring, companionship, and collegiality. Social support is facilitated in various formal and informal groupings. Socialisation into scholarly communities promotes researcher identities through a sense of belonging. Developing a strong researcher identity through social connections benefits a student’s physical and emotional well-being, PhD progress, and investment in researcher careers.

Methodology: This paper is based on thematic analysis of focus groups and one-on-one interviews with 64 PhD candidates from two Australian metropolitan universities.

Contribution: Students’ perspectives on social support during PhD study are largely missing in the literature, as more importance is placed on academic support. This paper provides rich empirical evidence to show that support afforded by candidates’ personal, social, and professional relationships is critical in doctoral candidates’ identity development.

Findings: First, investigating social support from the student perspective shows that it promotes students’ researcher identity development, sense of belonging, and community. Second, the paper extends our understanding of what social support means as it examines this concept in the context of student diversity. This paper confirms social support in the PhD extends beyond the institutional higher degree research environment and includes outside support by family, friends as well as online communities.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Promote and improve support services, networking opportunities, and social connections within academia and beyond. Invest in understanding students’ diverse backgrounds and individual circumstances as well as goals.

Recommendation for Researchers: Evaluate existing social support structures in place and identify social support needs of doctoral candidates at your particular institution.

Impact on Society: Institutions, governments, and individuals heavily invest in PhD degrees financially and psychologically. This research aims to improve outcomes for society by developing skilled and confident graduates.

Future Research: Future research ought to focus on the issues experienced by students of particular demographic backgrounds and on how to best support them.
KONDISI NITRAT, NITRIT, AMONIA, FOSFAT DAN BOD DI MUARA SUNGAI BANYUASIN, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Putri Wike Ayu Eka , Purwiyanto Anna Ida Sunaryo , Fauziyah . , Agustriani Fitri , Suteja Yulianto
Published: April 2019

ABSTRAKPesisir Banyuasin merupakan salah satu sentra perikanan tangkap di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Kawasan ini menyimpan potensi sumber daya perikanan yang harus dijaga kelestariannya. Banyak nelayan yang menggantungkan hidupnya di kawasan ini, hanya saja ragam pemanfaatan di sepanjang aliran Sungai Banyuasin seperti pemukiman, industri, pertanian dan transportasi telah mempengaruhi kualitas perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana kondisi nitrat, nitrit, amonia, fosfat dan BOD di Pesisir Banyuasin. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan September 2017 meliputi 22 stasiun penelitian, analisa sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri (Baristand) Palembang merujuk pada SNI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi nitrat selama penelitian berkisar antara 0,025-3,21 mg/L, nitrit 0,002-0,093 mg/L, amonia 0,002-0,031 mg/L, fosfat 0,011-0,231 mg/L dan BOD 2,14-8,73 mg/L. Konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat telah melebihi baku mutu yang ditetapkan, adapun untuk parameter nitrit, amonia dan BOD masih dibawah baku mutu. ABSTRACTCoastal of Banyuasin is one of the centers of capture fisheries in South Sumatra Province. This area had the potential of fisheries resources that must be preserved. Many fishermen are depend their lives on this area, but some activity along Banyuasin River such as settlement, industry, agriculture and transportation has affected the quality of water. This study aims to examine the conditions of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate and BOD in the Coastal of Banyuasin. Sampling was conducted in September 2017 covering 22 research stations, sample analysis conducted at Palembang Institute for Industrial Research and Standaritation Laboratory refers to SNI. The results showed that the concentration of nitrate during the study ranged from 0.025-3.21 mg.L-1, nitrite 0.002-0.093 mg.L-1, ammonia 0.002-0.031 mg.L-1, phosphate 0.011-0.231 mg.L-1and BOD 2.14-8.73 mg.L-1. The concentration of nitrate and phosphate in Banyuasin River estuary were exceeded quality standards while nitrite, ammonia and BOD were still below specified quality standards.