bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE OUTCOME OF CEREBRAL PATHOLOGY BY THE END OF THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE IN NEWBORN BABIES WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Kravchenko L V
Published: February 2020

Objective: to study costimulatory molecules (CD28, CD40) on lymphocytes of the peripheral blood in newborn babies with CMVI and to determine prognostic indices of the cerebral pathology outcome by the end of the first year of life.We examined 114 children at the age of three months, who had CMVI during neonatal period. In 37 children neurological symptoms remained by the end of the first year of life. At 37 children the neurologic symptomatology by the end of the first year of life remained: delay of psychomotor development (44.8%), deafness (5.9%), epilepsy (11.9%), spastic tetraparesis (32.2%) blindness (13.4%). At 77 children was absent neurologic symptomatology by the end of the first year of life.A control group was comprised of 15 healthy newborns. The content of lymphocytes, expressing CD28, CD40, CD3+, CD4+, CD28+, CD20+, was determined using laser flow cytofluorometer “Beckman COULTER” Epics XL II (USA) by means of monoclonal antibodies to the clusters of differentiation CD3+, CD20+, CD4+, CD28+, CD40+ of IMMUNOTECH Company (France).The analysis of multidimentional nonlinear dependencies was performed using PolyAnalist 3.5. Pro package. The formula of the forecast of preservation of neurologic symptomatology is calculated.((CD3-CD28+ * 0.074) + CD4+ * (-0.182) + (CD3+CD28- * 0.035) + CD40 * (-0.2862) + CD3 * 0.1062) + + (CD28 * 0.1952)) - 0.4588.If the result of the calculation according to the formula is > 0.39, than a child will have brain damages by the end of the first year of life. Sensitivity - 71.43%, specificity - 88.89%. The likelihood ratio of the positive result is 13.5.The determination of CD3+T-lymphocytes, lymphocytes, expressing CD28 in the total population, T-lymphocytes without the costimulatory marker CD28 (CD3+CD28-) and also B-lymphocytes, expressing CD40 on their surface, is significant for the prognosis of neurological symptomatology preservation by the end of the first year of life.
PROBABLE ANALGESIC EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC TETRAPEPTIDE
Authors: Plakhova V B , Penniyaynen V A , Rogachevskii I V , Podzorova S A , Merculova E A , Krylov B V
Published: February 2020

The aim of the study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of modulation of the NaV1.8 channels with a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ac-RERR-NH2). Our data suggest that this substance specifically modulates the activation gating device of these channels, which are responsible for coding of pain signals. This agent (0.1 nM) has a neurite-stimulating effect, which indicates its possible physiological regeneration effect on the nervous tissue. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the agent under study can claim to be the drug substance of a safe and effective analgesic.
EXPERIMENTAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE IMMUNOSTIMULATING EFFECT OF BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS UNDER STRESS
Authors: Trushina E N , Timonin A N , Ryger N A , Mustafina O K , Kuznetsov V D
Published: February 2020

The aim is to study the effect of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) on cytokine synthesis in male Wistar rats on the background of cyclic starvation. A study of 2 months duration was performed on 60 rats, which were divided into 3 groups (20 rats in each group): rats of the control group (K-group) received standardized balanced laboratory feed for rodents ad libitum. The animals of the 1st experimental group (O-1 group) were fed according to the following scheme: the first day - feed ad libitum, the second and the third day - fasting, the rats of the 2nd experimental group (O-2 group) were given feed according to the same scheme, but with the addition of BCAA at a dosage of 70 mg/kg body weight per day. In the serum of rats, cytokine levels were determined: GM-CSF, INF-γ, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL- 6, TNF-α on the Luminex 200 multiplex analyzer (Luminex Corporation, USA). Statistical processing of the results was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20.0 application package (“IBM”, USA). As a result of the study, it was established that the consumption of BCAA by rats for 2 months on the background of cyclic starvation causes a decrease in the level of IL-10 and an increase in serum levels of IL-1a and IL-2 due to the activation of signaling pathways that regulate switching of the Th2 immune response to the predominant production of Th1 cytokines.
HUMAN BETA-DEFENSIN-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN THE NASAL AND SINONASAL MUCOSA
Authors: Tyrnova E V
Published: February 2020

Sensitive receptors of the olfactory sensory system are located in the nasal cavity mucosa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the human beta-defensin-3 (hBD-3) gene expression in the surface epithelium of the nasal and sinonasal mucosa. Surgical samples from patients with nasal and sinonasal disease (n = 85) (sinus maxillaries mucosa, choana polyps, middle nasal passage polyps, sinus maxillaries polyps, inferior turbinate mucosa of hypertrophic rhinitis, inferior turbinate mucosa and the middle nasal passage mucosa as controls) were investigated. Total RNA was extracted and analysed by real-time RT-PCR for hBD-3 as well as beta-actin mRNA.hBD-3 gene expression was detected in all examined anatomical regions in 14.29-33.33% samples at low levels, but it was absent in the hypertrophic inferior turbinate mucosa (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.05 compared to the middle nasal passage mucosa; p < 0.01, odds ratio (OR) 31.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.53÷633.6 compared to the middle nasal passage polyps). The highest hBD-3 mRNA expression detection frequency was detected in the middle nasal passage polyps (53.84% cases) (p < 0.05, OR 7.00, CI 1.10÷44.63 compared to the sinus maxillaries mucosa). The highest levels of hBD-3 gene expression was detected in the middle nasal passage polyps also (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p < 0.05 compared to the hypertrophic inferior turbinate mucosa). Clinically, inflammatory polyps are found in the middle turbinate in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis but not in the inferior turbinate. In the context of chronic inflammation, apart from direct antimicrobial activity, high concentrations hBD-3 also potentially contributes to epithelial injury and fibrotic remodeling.
The effect of various models of cold stress on cytokine production by the cells of the mouse peritoneal cavity under conditions of blockade of opiate receptors
Authors: Sharav’eva I L , Gein S V
Published: February 2020

The study of the mechanisms of functioning of the immune system under stress does not lose its relevance for decades. An important factor in the neuroendocrine regulation of immunity during stress is the endogenous opioid system. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of various cold stress variants on the production of cytokines IL-1β and IL-10 by the cells of the mouse peritoneal cavity under conditions of blockade of opiate receptors. It was established that acute and chronic cold stress, regardless of duration, did not affect the production of IL-1β and increased the production of IL-10 by peritoneal macrophages, this effect was canceled by the introduction of naloxone. The effect of chronic cold stress on IL-10 production depended on cell activation. In all variants of stress, an increase in plasma corticosterone concentration was observed, which did not depend on the blockade of opiate receptors. The work was performed in the framework of the state task, the number of the state registration of the topic No. 01201353248.
PRURITUS AS A MARKER OF IMMUNE DISTURBANCES IN PSORIASIS
Authors: Barilo A A , Smirnova S V
Published: February 2020

Objective: Based on the study of some indicators of cellular and humoral immunity, evaluate the features of immunoreactivity in patients with psoriasis with concomitant pruritus. Materials and methods. Patients were examined with vulgar PS (n = 97), which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 - PS with pruritus (n = 73, mean age 40.0 ± 1.5 years), group 2 (comparison group) - PS without pruritus (n = 24, mean age 41.5 ± 2.7 years). The cellular immunity indicators was carried out by flow cytofluorimetry. Phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils was studied microscopically by the absorption of latex particles. Concentrations of immunoglobulins, cytokines, circulating immune complexes in the blood serum were evaluated by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistica 6.0 was used for statistical analysis. Our studies allowed us to identify features of PS with concomitant pruritus: severe clinical course of the disease with damage to the musculoskeletal system, associated with selective deficiency of class M immunoglobulins and increased activity of phagocytic neutrophils.
UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (ALLIUM SATIVUM) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA TERHADAP KUTU RAMBUT (PEDICULUS CAPITIS)
Authors: Pritacindy Ardhita Prilly , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Kurniawan Agung
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Hair lice are small parasites that live by sucking blood in humans. Almost all patients consider the hair tick is a common thing, but if the hair louse is not treated immediately will cause the emergence of Relapsing Fever disease caused by infection in the scalp of the patient. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of garlic extract with concentrations of 4%, 6%, and 8% as an insecticide against hair lice. The research method used is true experimental or real experiment using sample of each group (4%, 6%, and 8%) need 10 lice hair with 3 times experiment so that require 120 samples of hair louse. Data analysis was done using One Way Anova test with result F count 806.493> F table 2.87. Then there is the difference in the time to kill a hair louse. While based on Post Hoc follow-up test obtained the probability value is <0.05 that can be said to have significant differences. The conclusion of hypothesis testing is garlic extract with concentration 4%, 6%, and 8% effectiveness as insecticide to hair louse. Suggestions that can be submitted in this study that requires further research to determine the right concentration when it will be applied to the scalp and need further research to determine the form of a good preparation for insecticides.Key words : Head Lice, Garlic, InsecticideAbstrak: Kutu rambut merupakan parasit kecil yang hidup dengan cara menghisap darah pada manusia. Hampir semua penderita menganggap kutu rambut adalah hal yang biasa, padahal apabila penderita kutu rambut tidak segera ditangani akan menyebabkan timbulnya penyakit Relapsing Fever yang disebabkan adanya infeksi pada kulit kepala penderita.Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektifitas ekstrak bawang putih dengan konsentrasi 4%, 6%,dan 8% sebagai insektisida terhadap kutu rambut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode true experimental atau eksperimen sungguhan dengan menggunakan sampel setiap kelompok (4%, 6%, dan 8%) membutuhkan 10 kutu rambut dengan 3 kali percobaan sehingga memerlukan 120 sampel kutu rambut. Analisa data dilakukan menggunakan uji One Way Anova dengan hasil F hitung 806,493 > F tabel 2,87. Maka terdapat perbedaan waktu bunuh kutu rambut. Sedangkan berdasarkan uji lanjutan Post Hoc didapatkan nilai probabilitas yaitu 0,00 < 0.05 sehingga dapat dikatakan memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesimpulan dari pengujian hipotesis tersebut adalah ekstrak bawang putih dengan konsentrasi 4%, 6%, dan 8% efektiv sebagai insektisida terhadap kutu rambut. Saran yang dapat disampaikan pada penelitian ini yaitu memerlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang tepat apabila akan diaplikasikan ke kulit kepala dan perlu penelitian lanjutan untuk mengetahui bentuk sediaan yang baik untuk insektisida.Kata Kunci : Kutu Rambut, Bawang Putih, Insektisida
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 PADA USIA PRODUKTIF DENGAN PENDEKATAN WHO STEPWISE STEP 1 (CORE/INTI) DI PUSKESMAS KENDALKEREP KOTA MALANG
Authors: Kistianita Ayu Nindhi , Yunus Moch. , Gayatri Rara Warih
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT : Based on data from IDF globally the number of DM sufferers by 2015 is 415 million people and is expectedly by 2040 to increase to 642 million people. DM Type 2 is one of the four major diseases in the category of non-communicable disease (NCDs) that should be addressed immediately. The incidence of DM type 2 is closely related to the number of age. The purpose of this study was to determine risk factor of DM type 2 at productive age  using WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core) approach at Primary Health Care Kendalkerep Malang City. The type of this research is descriptive analytic with cross sectional study design. The sample size is 88 people at Public Health Center of Primary Health Care Kendalkerep in 1-28 February 2017 which has fulfilled the criteria inclusion, obtained by Quota Sampling. The instrument used is questionnaires WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core). Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis using chi square test. The results showed a significant correlation between DM type 2 occurrence with history of DM (p = 0.000), fruit and vegetable consumption (p = 0.000), and physical activity (p = 0.000). Keyword : risk factor, DM type  2, STEPwise STEP 1 (core)ABSTRAK : Berdasarkan data dari IDF secara global, jumlah penderita Diabetes Mellitus (DM)  pada tahun 2015 sebanyak 415 juta orang dan diperkirakan pada tahun 2040 akan meningkat menjadi 642 juta orang. DM tipe 2 merupakan satu dari empat penyakit utama dalam kategori Non-Communicable Disease (NCDs) yang harus segera ditangani. Kejadian DM tipe 2 berkaitan erat dengan pertambahan umur seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko DM tipe 2 pada usia produktif menggunakan pendekatan WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core/inti)  di Puskesmas Kendalkerep Kota Malang. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain studi cross sectional. Besar sampel berjumlah 88 orang di Poli Umum Puskesmas Kendalkerep pada tanggal 1-28 Februari 2017 yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi, diperoleh dengan cara Quota Sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core/inti). Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kejadian DM tipe 2 dengan riwayat DM (p = 0,000), konsumsi buah dan sayur (p = 0,000), dan aktivitas fisik (p = 0,000).Kata Kunci : faktor risiko, DM tipe 2, STEPwise STEP 1 (core/inti)
Medicinal Plants as Potential Hemostatic Agents
Authors: Ebrahimi Fatemeh , Torbati Mohammadali , Mahmoudi Javad , Valizadeh Hadi
Published: February 2020

Purpose: Medicinal plants with a variety of phytochemical ingredients remain a potential source for new drug discovery. The use of medicinal herbs in a wide range of diseases and symptoms, such as bleeding, is prevalent in traditional and ethno medicine worldwide. Thus, this work provides a comprehensive review of medicinal plants or their isolated compounds, with respect to their ethno-medicinal use, which have demonstrated the stimulating effect on the hemostasis process. Methods: The relevant studies were withdrawn from electronic databases including Pubmed, EMBASE and Web of Science with a structured search methodology. Results: The total of 17 medicinal plants with hemostatic activity were extracted. The most frequently studied plant families were Compositae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae. Bioactive compounds exerting hemostatic activity included tannins, iridoid glycosides, glycoconjugate, lignan, saponins and phenolic compounds. The most attributed mechanisms include coagulation stimulation via increasing the factor XII activity and plasma fibrinogen levels, the fibrinolysis inhibition, vascular or smooth muscle constriction and platelet aggregation. The most important adverse effects of high dose extract or isolated compounds administration were hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Conclusion: This review provides a list of medicinal plants with hemostatic activity that could be used as valuable sources of new plant-based hemostatic agents. Furthermore, this could be practical in detecting possible interactions of plants with anticoagulant, antiplatelet, fibrinolytic and antifibrinolytic medications.
Influence of Professional Status and Conditions of Services on Teacher Productivity in Primary Schools in Zuru Emirate, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: MANGA Sani Dantani
Published: February 2020

This study investigated the influence of professional status and condition of service on teacher productivity in primary schools in Zuru Emirate of Kebbi State. A correlational survey design was adopted for the study. Stratified, proportionate and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 346 teachers out of 3,687. Questionnaire and Teacher Productivity Evaluation Format were used as instruments for data collection. The five-point scale instruments were validated by experts and pilot tested and had reliability indexes of 0.83 and 0.85 respectively, using Cronbach Alpha co-efficient. Findings of the study showed that the level of teacher productivity was rated low; professional status and conditions of service were both rated poor. This unfavourable situation has negatively influenced teacher productivity. It was recommended that strategies be put in place to improve teachers’ productivity in terms of quality of teaching, record keeping and other activities. The status of teaching should be upgraded and primary school teachers to be provided with better conditions of service to enhance their productivity
Revista Papers do NAEA, Volume 28, Nº 2
Authors: Figueiredo Silvio Lima
Published: February 2020

Encontramos em mais essa edição dos Papers do Naea o número dois do volume 28, uma série de artigos de pesquisadores qualificados nos temas que investigam, que são artigos originais e também artigos oriundos do Seminário Perspectivas Críticas de Desenvolvimento, Gestão Pública, Ambiente e Sociedade, que foi realizado pelo Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos, por meio de seus programas de Pós-Graduação em Gestão Pública (PPGGP) e em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU). O evento trata-se de seminários mensais dos grupos de pesquisa das duas pós-graduações, com o objetivo de fomentar debates públicos sobre as temáticas desenvolvidas no Naea. Os seminários iniciaram no mês de março e foram realizados durante o ano todo.
Manejo laparoscópico de miomatosis uterina en pacientes con Síndrome de Rokitansky. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Páez-López Guillermo , De los Ríos-Posada José Fernando , Arango-Martínez Adriana María , Serna-Agudelo Eduardo , Vásquez-Ruiz Ricardo , Almanza-Payares Luis Alberto , Calle-Gómez Gustavo Adolfo
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-consulta a la Unidad de Endoscopia Ginecológica de Küster-Hauser (SMRKH) es un espectro de anomalías de los conductos müllerianos caracterizado por la la ausencia congénita de útero y vagina en mujeres fenotípicamente normales, con cariotipo 46 XX, con un estado endocrino normal. Muchas de estas mujeres poseen remanentes uterinos. La presencia de miomas en dichos remanentes es un hallazgo de muy escasa ocurrencia por lo que se reporta el caso.Objetivo: describir la técnica quirúrgica laparoscópica y revisar el diagnóstico clínico y el diagnóstico diferencial.Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso de una mujer con diagnóstico previo de síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (SMRKH), quien consulta a la la Unidad de Endoscopia Ginecológica de la Clínica del Prado en Medellín, institución privada de tercer nivel de complejidad y que es centro de referencia para manejo laparoscópico de pacientes con dolor pélvico crónico del departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. La ecografía reporta una masa sólida de ocho centímetros en la pelvis. Durante la laparoscopia se encuentra un mioma en uno de los remanentes uterinos. Se realiza miomectomía y se resecan ambos remanentes por laparoscopia. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura a través de Medline en la página de Pubmed utilizando los siguientes términos: “Mayer-Rokitansky-Hauser una mujer con diagnóstico previo de síndrome de Syndrome”, “leiomyoma” y “laparoscopy”.Resultados: se encontraron 25 artículos en los últimos 20 años de los cuales 17 estaban relacionados con el tema de manera directa; de estos, 2 incluían el manejo con laparoscopia.Conclusiones: la presencia de leiomioma en un remanente uterino de una paciente con MRKH es poco frecuente. El caso aquí presentado es el segundo reportado en Colombia y el primero manejado por vía laparoscópica. En pacientes con síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser y masas pélvicas, la laparoscopia es una opción diagnóstica y terapéutica por considerar.
To solve the problem of driving a car in epilepsy: by liberalization or by tightening the license?
Authors: Ponomareva I. V. , Gerzen A. P. , Lapina M. N. , Sherman M. A.
Published: February 2020

In the modern mobile world, there is no single solution to the problem of issuing a driving license for patients with epilepsy. Most countries do have liberalized laws that allow driving a car to persons with controlled epilepsy. As far as individuals with regular seizures are concerned, there is a temporary prohibition to drive with potential restoration of the driving right if there is no relapse. The existing experience has shown that such strategy can lead not only to higher quality of life of the patients (more than 70% patients with epilepsy has the right to drive a car), but also to ensure the road safety. Even with this quite liberal approach, about 20% of the drivers with epilepsy do not have their epilepsy fully controlled. In the countries with absolute prohibition of the driving in epilepsy, such as the Russian Federation and China, there is no official statistics on the issue. Based on our practical experience, we concluded on a high (at least 35%) prevalence of drivers among patients with epilepsy; this cannot but increase the risk of road accidents, including fatal. Based on a clinical observation, we illustrate the failure of the mechanisms to prevent road accidents related to epilepsy that are currently in force in the Russian Federation. In our opinion, the problem under discussion does not have an exclusively medical solution. Taking into consideration the accumulated world experience, ensuring of the road safety requires that the state law regulations should be in effect that include a differentiated approached to issuing of permissions to drive a car for persons with epilepsy, from one side, and a serious legal treatment of persons with epilepsy who ignore their adequate therapy and become a cause for road accidents inflicting an injury, from the other.
Comment on "To solve the problem of driving a car in epilepsy: by liberalization or by tightening the license?"
Authors: Belova Yu. A.
Published: February 2020

.
Coğrafi Bilgi Sistem Analizleri Kullanılarak Toprak ve Arazi Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye, Mardin İli Arazisi
Authors: MERCAN Çağrı , ARPAĞ Sezin
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri’nden (CBS) faydalanmak suretiyle arazilerin, arazi ve toprak özelliklerininbelirlenmesi ve veri tabanlarının oluşturulmasıdır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak; geçmişte bereketli hilal olarak da adlandırılmışve verimli tarım arazilerinin bulunduğu yörenin içinde yer alan Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki Mardin iliarazi ve toprak özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışılan alan yaklaşık 8633 km2 olup, araştırmada öncelikle Mardin iline aittopoğrafik haritalar kullanılarak arazinin sayısal yükseklik modeli oluşturulmuştur. Bu haritanın yapımıyla birlikte eğim, bakı,yükselti, kabartı haritaları ve (Mülga) Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından oluşturulan veriler alınarak, CBSortamında araziye ait özelliklerin mekânsal ve alansal oranları hesaplanarak haritaları çizilmiştir. Çizilen tüm haritalar iseoluşturulan sayısal yükseklik haritasının üzerine oturtularak topoğrafya verisi ile birlikte incelenip yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmasonucunda elde edilen verilere göre; Mardin ilinin toplam alanının % 47.54’ünün % 6’dan düşük eğim değerlerine sahipolduğu ve bu alanların ilin çoğunlukla güney bölgelerinde bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Mardin ilinde en yoğun bulunan topraktürleri % 43.65 ile kahverengi orman toprakları ve % 42.57 ile kırmızımsı kahverengi topraklardır. Arazi kullanımı açısındanilin % 38.81’lik bölümü meralardan, % 25.38’lik bölümü ise fundalıklardan oluşmaktadır. Erozyon bakımından ilin %74.35’inin orta, şiddetli ve çok şiddetli erozyon içerisinde olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma alanının % 28.89’u I., II. ve III. sınıfarazi kabiliyetine sahip alanlardan oluşmaktadır. Toprak derinliği açısından ilin % 43.13’lük kısmının çok sığ ve sığ topraközelliğine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mardin ilinde tarımsal üretiminin yoğun olduğu arazilerin çoğunlukla yükseklik veeğim değerleri düşük olan bölgelerde yoğunlaşmış olduğu saptanmıştır. Bölgedeki su probleminin ürün çeşidinde sınırlamameydana getirdiği ve erozyonun bölgenin en ciddi sorunları arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu problemlerin bertaraf edilmesiyörenin tarımsal üretimine pozitif katkı sağlayacaktır.
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DE BACTÉRIAS LIPOLÍTICAS E LIPASE SUÍNA NO PRÉ-TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTE DE CURTUME
Authors: Lima Vívian De Oliveira , Prates Kátia Valeria Marques Cardoso , Fazolo Ajadir
Published: February 2020

Diversas indústrias, dentre elas o Curtume, geram efluentes com elevado teor de óleos e gorduras (O&G). Tais compostos podem prejudicar o desempenho dos sistemas biológicos de tratamento. Por esse motivo, a remoção preliminar de O&G é recomendada, sendo a hidrólise enzimática de lipídios uma opção promissora no pré-tratamento de águas residuárias como alternativa ao uso de métodos físico-químicos. Este trabalho comparou a eficiência de bactérias lipolíticas isoladas em caixa de gordura com a lipase de pâncreas de porco e o produto comercial Enzilimp® no pré-tratamento do efluente de curtume em escala laboratorial. Realizaram-se dois ensaios preliminares para avaliar a influência da concentração dos inóculos, da diluição do efluente e da aeração. Posteriormente fez-se um estudo de otimização utilizando o Delineamento do Composto Central Rotacional, avaliando a influência da temperatura, da concentração do inóculo, da concentração do efluente e do pH. Concluiu-se que o efluente da graxaria do curtume é fonte potencial de bactérias lipolíticas e que tais cepas isoladas apresentam resultados de degradação de grodura semelhantes ao Enzilimp®. A atividade dos microrganismos é influenciada principalmente pela temperatura e pH, promovendo reduções de DQO e de O&G na ordem de 3,6 gO2.L-1 e 2,6 g.L-1, respectivamente, em temperaturas próximas a 32°C e em uma faixa de pH de 8,0 a 8,5. Já a eficiência da lipase se mostrou diretamente relacionada à concentração do inóculo e do efluente no sistema, com reduções máximas de 7,8 gO2.L-1 e 2,5 g.L-1 de DQO e O&G. Apesar dos melhores resultados, a lipase provoca aumento inicial da DQO e elevada acidificação do sistema. Além disso, os ensaios com esse inóculo tiveram baixa adequação ao modelo obtido pelas análises do DCCR. Assim é necessário avaliar os sistemas de pós-tratamento para escolher o melhor método de pré-tratamento aqui mencionados.
GESTÃO AMBIENTAL ADOTADA EM INDÚSTRIA TÊXTIL DO SERTÃO DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Machado Virginia Tomaz , Candeia Roberlucia Araújo , De Farias Camilo Allyson Simões , Vieira Allan Sarmento , Da Cunha Fernando Antônio Portela
Published: February 2020

Nas ultimas décadas a questões ambientais estão seriamente discutidas dentro das organizações, e em especial, as indústrias têxteis, que buscam soluções para impactar menos o meio ambiente, e ao mesmo tempo, manter os lucros e a competitividade. Este trabalho vem analisar o sistema de gestão ambiental adotado em uma indústria de fiação de algodão no sertão paraibano. A metodologia foi fundamentada em um estudo exploratório e descritivo, com característica de estudo de caso. E, os instrumentos utilizados foram compilados por meio da observação sistemática, entrevistas e pesquisa documental. Os resultados apontaram que a empresa possui estratégias de controle sustentáveis, a exemplo da manutenção dos maquinários, a redução e reutilização dos resíduos gerados, agregando valor ao processo fabril. E, reduzindo os impactos negativos gerados nos setores ambiental, social e econômico da empresa, buscando uma produção mais limpa.
ANALISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DA PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA SOBRE BEM-ESTAR SUBJETIVO E ACESSO A ÁGUA EM COMUNIDADES RURAIS
Authors: Fernandes Ivana Leila Carvalho , Lima Patrícia Verônica Pinheiro Sales
Published: February 2020

A água corresponde a um componente fundamental do bem-estar humano. Estudos sobre a relação deste recurso com a realidade rural tem sido muito explorados no ambiente acadêmico, porém com pouca expressividade para o bem-estar subjetivo das populações no tocante a água. Considerando esta problemática, o objetivo do artigo é identificar a produção científica internacional sobre bem-estar subjetivo relacionado a questão do acesso a água em comunidades rurais. O método utilizado se fundamenta na análise bibliométrica da produção científica indexada à base de dados Scopus, abrangendo o período entre 2008 – 2018. Além da construção de mapa de ocorrências de itens com uso do software VOSviewer. Os resultados revelam que: os estudos sobre o tema são recentes, sem evidências para o Brasil; é limitada a produção acadêmica na década atual; as Ciências Ambientais se destacam entre as áreas de publicação; há forte tendência em abordagens envolvendo os termos governo, água, pobreza, agricultura, ecossistema e qualidade de vida e fraca abordagem de questões importantes como governança, tecnologias alternativas e participação social.
The Diction and Language Style in Sutardji Calzoum Bachri’s Contemporary Poetry (A Study on Stilistics)
Authors: Satinem Satinem , Juwati Juwati
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine contemporary poetry by Sutardji Calzoum Bachri using the stylistic approach. The research method used is based on content analysis. The object of this research is contemporary poems entitled Husspuss, O, Mantera, Sepisaupi, and Tapi. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. The results and discussion in this study in the poems of Husspuss, O, Mantera, Sepisaupi, and Tapi shows that there are many elements of rhyme, rhythm, sound play, and sound repetition that are incorporated in the characteristics of sound and meaning of poetry while the style of language contained in these contemporary poems received less attention from the poet. The poet uses only a few styles of language such as hyperbole and repetition.
Gilligan’s Persfective Morality Toward Women in Short Stories Which Published in Kompas From 2010-2015
Authors: Aji Septiaji  , Risma Khairun Nisya
Published: February 2020

This research focuses on Giligan’s morallity concept that relate to three aspects of woman’s attitude which include pre-conventional (individualist), conventional (willing to sacrifice), and pasca-conventional (determine of decision). This research used content analysis method. There were 23 of 130 short stories from Kompas that taken as data of this research. The result of this research indicates that individualist of woman attitude is caused by her ego, safety, and anxiety. Willing of sacrife attitude is caused by pity and carinng; determine of decision is caused by cause and effect relationship which support by guilty, happiness, doubt, tough, hopeless, and desperate.

 

Keywords: morality, Gilligan, women, short stories, kompas

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini berfokus pada moralitas Gilligan mengenai tiga aspek sikap perempuan yaitu prakonvensional (individualis), konv­ensional (rela berkorban), pascakonvensional (penentuan keputusan). Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis isi. Data yang dianalisis dari Kompas berjumlah 23 dari 130 cerpen tahun 2010-2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sikap individualis perempuan disebabkan oleh kepentingan sendiri, rasa aman, dan khawatir. Sikap berkorban disebabkan oleh rasa iba dan kasih sayang; penentuan keputusan disebabkan oleh hubungan timbal balik dengan disertai rasa sesal, bahagia, bimbang, yakin, putus asa, dan pasrah.

 

Kata kunci: moralitas, Gilligan, perempuan, cerita pendek, kompas
ADVOCACY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING
Authors: Ocriciano Michelle
Published: February 2020

ADVOCACY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNINGHeather A. Linville & James Whiting (Eds.)New York, NY: Routledge, 2019
Resultados de la aplicación de reciclado de pavimento asfáltico en los CIV de la localidad de Bosa y Suba. Estudio de caso
Authors: Parra Adriana Patricia , Ortega-Mora Yury Yaquelin , Acevedo-Pérez Vladimir
Published: February 2020

El deterioro de las vías es uno de los mayores inconvenientes que se presenta hoy en Bogotá. En los últimos años se ha evidenciado una problemática ambiental con los materiales asfálticos desechados. Una de las causas del desgaste de la carpeta de rodadura es el incremento del número de ejes equivalentes, ya que los pavimentos se diseñaron para un determinado número de vehículos, sin embargo en la actualidad estos han aumentado, de manera que disminuyen la vida útil del material. Además del cambio climático —que es el agente que más influye en el deterioro de los pavimentos— también se cuenta con pérdida de biodiversidad, disminución del espesor de la capa de ozono y aumento de emisiones de CO2, lo que contribuye al deterioro ambiental. Por esta razón se investigan los diferentes métodos que existen a nivel mundial para realizar un reciclado de asfalto y la manera óptima de realizar su rehabilitación, después de analizar el comportamiento, la implementación, la factibilidad y los costos de todos los métodos.

De esta manera se pudo concluir que en el caso de Bogotá la implementación del RAP por medio de las entidades encargadas de la malla vial —tales como la Unidad de Mantenimiento Vial y el Instituto de Desarrollo Urbano— se realizó sin una revisión técnica, es decir, por medio de trabajos experimentales y con porcentajes altos de este material, lo que conllevó que la carpeta asfáltica de los tramos intervenidos con este método presentara fatiga en un corto tiempo.
Life After 5: How Tight-Oil Wells Grow Old
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: February 2020

Tight-oil production in the US set new records in 2019, but the banner year ended with an important caveat: more than two-thirds of crude production from shale plays flowed from wells drilled in the past 2 years. The figure reflects the fast-paced life of horizontal wells while also highlighting that older assets are not contributing as originally expected.

Wells brought online since the start of 2019 represented 45% of total US onshore production—3.5 million B/D out of an all-time high 7.74 million B/D. As more late-year production data flows in, the 2019 wells might represent closer to 50% of the total, according to information from Shale Profile, an analytics firm that aggregates public data from US oil and gas regulators. Another 25%, or about 1.9 million B/D, came from wells that started producing in 2018.

The remainder of US onshore supply came mostly from the 93,000 wells that were completed between 2010–2017. The importance of this older stock of horizontal wellbores is coming into focus as the early-time-decline rate of new wells accelerates, prompting upstream analysts at IHS Markit to forecast that US tight-oil production will peak in 2021.

Unconventional wells in the most prolific shale plays tend to see decline rates of more than 50% in their first year, and another 30% in their second. One of the key assumptions that justified the economics of such production profiles held that, after about 5 years, those steep declines would transition to the modest 5–10% annual drops seen in conventional wells, and remain there for many years.

The most recent production data reveal that tight oil wells are not living up to this standard.

At 5 years of age, horizontal wells in the Permian Basin and Williston Basin’s Bakken Shale share average terminal decline rates of around 17%. The figure for wells of the same age in the Eagle Ford Shale is 23.5%. On average, it takes 8–10 years for these wells to fall below an annual decline threshold of 10%.

These terminal decline rates represent a clear challenge for current reserves and ultimate recovery estimates from wells that were expected to produce economically for 30 or more years.

As a result, shale producers are now advised to not use conventional wells as a guide, or else run the risk of overstating and overvaluing unconventional assets (URTeC 432). The sector’s awareness of long-term production shortfalls is also considered to be the driving force behind a new wave of mergers and acquisitions that has left constrained operators seeking to combine with peers holding proportionally large positions of undrilled acreage.
Evaluating Formation Damage and Remediation Methods: Physical Simulation of Leak-Off and Flowback
Authors: Tran Son , Habibi Ali , Dehghanpour Hassan , Hazelton Mike
Published: February 2020

In tight reservoirs, the invasion of water-based fracturing fluids into the rock matrix may reduce hydrocarbon relative permeability and consequently oil production rate. This paper aims at investigating the change in oil effective-permeability (koef) during the flowback processes after hydraulic fracturing operations.

We perform a series of core flooding tests on core plugs collected from Midale tight carbonate reservoir to simulate fracturing fluid leak-off and flowback processes. First, we clean, saturate the plugs with reservoir brine and filtered oil, then age them in oil for 14 days under reservoir conditions (P=2500 psig and T=60°C) to restore reservoir conditions and define baseline koef. Second, we measure koef before and after fluid leak-off for (i) different fracturing fluids (i.e. freshwater and a mixture of three nonionic surfactants), and (ii) different shut-in times (3 and 14 days). The results show that regained permeability after the fracturing fluid leak-off in a high-permeability plug indicates a two-fold increase (from 1.4 to 0.7 md) compared to the freshwater case. The improved koef in this high-permeability plug is due to the effects of interfacial tension reduction (from 26.07 mN/m for freshwater-oil to 5.79 mN/m for fracturing fluid-oil) by surfactants. In terms of shut-in times, koef measured after 3- and 14-day shut-in times in high permeability plugs indicate a reduction of 5.71% to 17.98% compared to the baseline values. This means that there is no significant change in regained permeability by increasing the shut-in time from 3 to 14 days. We also observe that koef of a low-permeability plug show 29% and 65% higher than corresponding baseline values after 3- and 14-day shut-in periods, respectively. The regained permeability strongly depends on porosity, permeability and irreducible water saturation of the plugs.
Modeling Progressive Wellbore Breakouts with Dynamic Wellbore Hydraulics
Authors: Li Xiaorong , El Mohtar Chadi S. , Gray K. E.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a model that couples wellbore geomechanics and wellbore hydraulics for predicting breakouts of arbitrarily deviated boreholes during drilling. By incorporating the impact of dynamic drilling parameters, the model can explicitly simulate the progressive receding of wellbore surface during a breakout event and update the boundary conditions on the newly created surface simultaneously. Numerical examples were carried out to demonstrate the capabilities of the model and to investigate the impacts of several drilling operational parameters. The results show that frictional pressure caused by mud circulation can substantially alter breakout volume and shape.
Examining the association between explicit and implicit attachment and the outcomes of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy for depression
Authors: A-Tjak Jacqueline G.L. , Morina Nexhmedin , Boendermaker Wouter J. , Topper Maurice , Emmelkamp Paul M.G.
Published: February 2020

Background Attachment theory predicts that patients who are not securely attached may benefit less from psychological treatment. However, evidence on the predictive role of attachment in the effectiveness of treatment for depression is limited.Methods Explicit attachment styles, levels of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, as well as implicit relational self-esteem and implicit relational anxiety were assessed in 67 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) receiving Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). ANOVA and hierarchical regression analyses were performed to investigate the predictive power of explicit and implicit attachment measures on treatment outcome.Results Explicit attachment avoidance at pre-treatment significantly predicted reduction of depressive symptoms following treatment. Reductions in attachment anxiety and avoidance from pre- to post-treatment predicted better treatment outcomes. Neither one of the implicit measures, nor change in these measures from pre- tot post-treatment significantly predicted treatment outcome. Limitations The sample size is likely to limit the power to detect small effects. Conclusions Our findings show that attachment avoidance as well as reductions in avoidant and anxious attachment predict symptom reduction after psychological treatment for depression. Future research should use larger sample sizes to further examine the role of attachment orientation as moderator and mediator of treatment outcome. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01517503
Attitudes of Israeli Medical Students Towards the Medical Treatment of Uninsured Migrants
Authors: Mor Zohar , Cadesky Adam , Halleluyan Ran , Sheffer Rivka
Published: February 2020

Background: Undocumented migration to developed countries poses practical concerns, as migrants are not medically insured. This cross-sectional study aims to appraise the attitudes of Israeli medical students towards the uninsured migrant population. Methods: Participants from five medical schools in Israel completed anonymous questionnaires in Hebrew, based on the "Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward the Underserved" (MSATU), which assessed students' attitudes regarding the professional responsibility and societal expectations towards the migrants. It also evaluated students' views of the migrants as eligible for expensive medical procedures. Results: A total of 891 students completed the survey with a median age of 28 years. The majority were Jews (N=816, 91.6%) and singles (N=681, 68.5%). Participants in the pre-clinical years were likely to be female and unmarried compared to those in clinical training. They also demonstrated higher scores on professional responsibilities and societal expectations than students in clinical training, but no significant differences were found in their views on expensive medical services. Students of minorities (non-Jews and migrants) scored higher on professional responsibilities and societal expectations. The scores for professional responsibilities and societal expectations decreased as students progressed in their medical training (Spearman coefficient p=0.04 and p=0.01, respectively). This trend was more apparent in males rather than females. Conclusion: MSATU scores declined as students progressed through medical school, with females maintaining more favorable attitudes than males. Medical schools should attempt to maintain the enthusiasm and idealism that students possess as they enter medical training and provide clinical experience with migrant populations that allows for cross-cultural communication.
Implementation of an interactive organ donation education program for Dutch lower-educated students: a process evaluation
Authors: Steenaart Esther , Crutzen Rik , de Vries Nanne K
Published: February 2020

Background As organ donation registration rates remain low, especially among lower-educated people, it is important to support this group in making their registration decision. To prepare lower-educated students in the Netherlands for making a well-informed decision, an interactive educational program was developed. We aim to understand both the (quality of) implementation as well as to contextualize the effect of this program in a lower-educated school setting.
Methods The process evaluation was part of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, in which 11 schools for Intermediate Vocational Education throughout the Netherlands participated. Teachers who taught a course on Citizenship delivered three intervention elements (i.e. video fragments and discussion, quizzes with tailored feedback and an exercise filling out a registration form) to their students. Implementation was assessed by interviews with teachers, questionnaires from students, logbooks from teachers and user data from Google Analytics.
Results The program was well received and implemented, but on-the-spot adaptations were made by teachers to fit their students better. Within the lower-educated target group, differences between students are high in terms of active participation, reading abilities, knowledge and attention span. The program fit well within their regular teaching activities, but the topic of organ donation is not always prioritized by teachers.
Conclusions We see opportunities to disseminate the program on a larger scale and reach a group that has been neglected in organ donation education before. Within the program, there are possibilities to increase the effectiveness of the program, such as alternative delivery methods for the elements with a lot of text, the addition of booster sessions and guidelines for teachers to adapt the program to students of different levels within Intermediate Vocational Education. Moreover, in order to have an impact on a national level, strategies need to be employed to reach high numbers of students and, therefore, support on a higher level is needed (both within schools and at policy level).
Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register, NTR6771. Registered on 24 October 2017. https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6557
Clinical Performance Evaluation of the Idylla™ Egfr Mutation Test on Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Delgado-Garcia Mercedes , Weynand Birgit , Izquierdo Lourdes Gómez , Barrera María José Hernández , Lobo Ángela María Blanco , Rodríguez Mar Varela , Guiu Xavier Matias , Nadal Ernest , Lobo Bélgica Márquez , Alarcão Ana , Casado Enrique de Álava , Biscuola Michele , Delgado-García Mercedes
Published: February 2020

Background:detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)mutations in exons 18-21 is recommended in all patients with advanced Non-small-cell lung carcinoma due to the demonstrated efficiency of the standard therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors inEGFR-mutated patients. Therefore, choosing a suitable technique to testEGFRmutational status is crucial to warrant a valid result in a short turnaround time using the lowest possible amount of tissue material.The Idylla™EGFRMutation Test is a simple, fast and reliable method designed for the detection ofEGFRmutations from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. The aim of this study was the Clinical Performace Evaluation of the Idylla™ EGFR Mutation Test on the Idylla™ System.Methods:EGFR mutational status was determined on 132 archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections with Idylla™technology. Results were compared with the results previously obtained by routine method in the reference lab (Therascreen®EGFRRGQ PCR v2, Qiagen in Molecular Pathology lab, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla).Results:the overall agreement between results obtained with the Idylla™EGFRMutation Test and the Comparator test method was 95.38% (with 1-sided 95% lower limit of 91.7%) showing Positive Diagnostic Agreement of 93.22% and Negative Diagnostic Agreement of 97.18%, with a Limit Of Detection ≤5%.Conclusions:the Idylla™EGFRMutation Test passed its clinical validity performance characteristics for accuracy.