bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP OF WILLIAM TANUWIJAYA (FOUNDER OF TOKOPEDIA)
Authors: Ardi Ardi , Meilani Yohana F. Cahya Palupi , Sinaga Veronica
Published: October 2023

Technology and the internet are helping to create new ideas and opportunities by digitizing customers, businesses, products, services, and processes. Businesses can influence every digital area, including consumers, employees, partners, business processes, and a global network of companies and objects. These circumstances result in fundamental adjustments in social behavior and associated repercussions. Organizations require digital transformational leadership to adapt to innovation, creativity, and change capacity. This research aims to explain the idea of digital transformational leadership as a trait of future CEOs of digital businesses. Evidence from the literature suggests that digital transformational leaders enhance organizational innovativeness and performance in many successful businesses. The founder of the Indonesian technology company Tokopedia, William Tanuwijaya, is analyzed using descriptive and phenomenological methodologies for his digital transformational leadership style. As a preliminary study, the research discusses how William's digital transformational leadership philosophy and tactics helped Indonesian market startup Tokopedia prosper.
Scrutinize the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC)
Authors: Kesiranon Kitjapat
Published: October 2023

Corruption has been dramatically undermining human rights, and there are some legal problems in the anti-corruption law regime. This reality is not only unlawful but also naturally unfair. Therefore, using historical comparative analyses, the article aims to demonstrate two problematic issues remaining in the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), which leave the threshold for human rights abuse and the smooth way to sustainable development, namely the absence of a precise definition of corruption and the absence of sanction provisions under the UNCAC. The article indicates the human rights undermining characteristic of corruption, the UNCAC's problems in coping with systematic corruption, which significantly violates human rights, and relevant scholarly doctrines supportive of the definability of corruption, especially the human-rights-based approach. The paper finally offers the standard definition of corruption under the Human-Rights Based Approach to cover systematic corruption that is sometimes lawful under domestic laws. Furthermore, this paper offers the systematic concrete sanction to make the Convention truly enforceable worldwide. In this regard, the roles of the International Criminal Court (ICC) should be taken into account to achieve a corruption-free society and sustainable development for humanity.

Keywords: Systematic corruption, UNCAC, human rights
Are we PREPAREd? Concerning the “PREemptive Pharmacogenomics Testing for Preventing Adverse Drug Reactions (PREPARE) Study”
Authors: De Carmo Campos Ana , Cardoso Maria Luís , Vicente Astrid
Published: October 2023

N/a.
Mikofag Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) Türleri ve Biyolojik Mücadeledeki Potansiyelleri
Authors: Yalçın Furkan , Ülgentürk Selma
Published: October 2023

Uğur Böcekleri (Coleoptera; Coccinellidae)'nin dünyada 6.000'den fazla tanımlanmış türü bulunmaktadır.
Çoğu türler yaprakbitleri, kabuklubitler, beyazsinekler, psillid ve akarın avcısı olup tarımsal alandaki zararlıların biyolojik mücadelesinde başarılı şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Avcı olan bu türlerin diyetleri içinde polen, ballımadde, funguslar ve bitkiler yer alabilmektedir. Ancak özellikle Psylloborini (Halyzinii) türlerinin diyetinde funguslar önemli bir yere sahiptir. Mikofag cocinellidler adını alan yaklaşık 35 türün önemli bir bitki hastalık grubu olan külleme (Erysiphaceae) etmenleri ile beslendiği bilinmektedir. Mikofag türlerin dünyadaki yayılışları iyi bilinmekle birlikte, funguslarla ilişkileri basit gözlemlerle sınırlı kalmıştır. Dünya'da ve Türkiye'de külleme etmenleriyle olan ilişkileri üzerinde en fazla araştırma yapılan türler, Illeis indica Timberlake, Psyllobora bisoctonotata Mulsant ve Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata Linnaeus dır. Bu çalışmada mikofag türlerin biyolojileri, yayılışları, külleme etmenleri ile ilişkileri ve biyolojik mücadele etmeni olarak kullanım olanakları tartışılmıştır
Analysis of Learning-based Material Android app Vector Loaded Authentic Learning Using TBLA Method (Transcript Based Lesson Analysis)
Authors: Afifa Aprilia Kharimatul , Wati Mustika , Murshed Mazlena Binti
Published: October 2023

Learning analysis needs to be done after the learning process ends to get reflections on previous learning. However, the results of the interviews obtained information from class X students that learning analysis had never been carried out. Therefore, analyzing the learning based on the Android application of vector material containing authentic learning through TBLA is necessary. The purpose of the research is to analyze the involvement of students and the use of keywords during the learning process using the Android application on vector material through TBLA. This research is a descriptive study. The subjects were 32 class X IPA 4 students and one physics teacher. The stages of data collection are plan, do, and see. The study results showed that the learning carried out during the first cycle was still teacher-centered. Cycle 1 learning takes place interactively. The use of the keyword during the first learning meeting was most pronounced, namely "vector" 23 times. Meanwhile, during cycle 2, it was also teacher-centered. The keyword most pronounced in the second cycle, namely "tight" was pronounced 43 times. The learning carried out is still teacher-centered, so based on the results of this analysis, it is recommended that further learning be more student-centered.
Non-linear Dynamic Characteristics of High-Speed Wheel-Rail Interface Considering Surface Topography and Liquid Medium
Authors: Xiao Huifang , Liu Zhaoxin , Zhang Jingjiang
Published: October 2023

In this work, the force-deflection characteristics, and the nonlinear vibration of the wheel-rail interaction with surface roughness and liquid medium are studied. The statistical micro-contact Greenwood and Williamson model is used to characterize the rough surface. The load sharing theory is used to determine the analytical elastic contact force-deflection and damping force-deflection relationships, which are further approximated by power law functions. The nonlinear contact stiffness and damping characteristics are illustrated for different rough surface topographies and running speeds. The natural frequency is solved by assuming small covariates and defining time variables of different scales. Effects of surface topography and liquid medium on the natural frequency of the wheel-rail interface system are studied. The first-order harmonic responses under harmonic excitation are further determined as well as the jump-up and jump-down responses for different rough surface topographies, excitation loads, liquid mediums and running speeds. It is shown that the resonance region and the peak value of the vibration amplitude increase as the surface roughness, running speed and excitation load increase; whilst the jump-up and jump-down frequencies decrease. In addition, the system can change from a monostable to a bistable structure when surface roughness and excitation force increase and large limit cycle oscillation can occur.
Effect of the Visual Landscape and Soundscape Factors on Attention Restoration in the Public Space of Old Residential Areas by VR
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Ye Xiaoqing , Chen Junjie , Kang Jian
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the visual landscape and soundscape factors of the public spaces in old residential areas and their attention restoration benefits for residents and to determine the main influencing factors. In this paper, the public spaces of six typical old residential areas in Tianjin were selected as the research object, and the restorative benefits of the respondents were analyzed through virtual reality environment, subjective evaluation, and attention testing methods. The results showed that the attention restoration benefits of the central square in the old residential area were better than those of the public space along the street. Second, greenery satisfaction, environmental cleanliness, architectural aesthetics, sky visibility, and soundscape evaluation are all significantly positively correlated with the attention restoration level. Finally, a "visual landscape and soundscape perception evaluation-attention restoration level" structural equation model was constructed. According to the model, both the visual landscape factors and soundscape evaluation factors in old residential areas had a direct positive impact on the attention restoration level, with a greater impact exerted by visual landscape factors than by soundscape evaluation factors. The findings from this study can provide significant information for the renewal of old residential areas.
Find the hidden crab; research on destructive behaviors at the managerial levels of the accommodation business
Authors: Çetiner Nurcan , Atar Yilmaz Ayşe , Konaklioğlu Ece , Öneren Melahat
Published: October 2023

Purpose - The human-oriented service approach, which is one of the structural features of the tourism sector, causes destructive behaviors of employees to have more negative effects on work efficiency and effectiveness, so it is of great importance to identify and prevent these behaviors. The main objective of this study is to determine the expression of Crab Barrel Syndrome (CBS) among lower, middle and upper managers of employees in the tourism sector. For this purpose, a scale was developed to measure the behaviors of employees with CBS who tend to engage in unethical behaviors in tourism. In addition to our main objective, the differences in the demographic characteristics of CBS employees will also be identified. Design/Methodology - Data were collected using a random sample. A questionnaire was sent to 310 tourism employees. Findings - Analysis of the data revealed that the CBS level (CBSL) of the participants was low, with the CBSL of lower management being the highest and the CBSL of individual employees being the highest. CBSL differed significantly by employee hierarchical levels. In addition, CBSL was not found to differ significantly by gender, educational status, or institution, but CBSL decreased with increasing employee age and hours worked in the sector. Originality of the research - his study provides a solid foundation for a better understanding of CBS and the relationships between workers. It is crucial to identify the negative employee behaviors in advance and take necessary precautions, especially in service sectors such as tourism where employee behaviors have a great impact on service quality./
The effect of tax harmonization law and tax sanctions on MSME taxpayer compliance in Jambi
Authors: Hernando Riski , Mansur Fitrini , Prasetyo Eko
Published: October 2023

This study examines the effect of the Tax Harmonization Law and Tax Sanctions on MSME Taxpayer Compliance in Jambi City. The research was conducted during the omicron variant of the covid-19 pandemic that hit in 2022. The study was tested on the MSME population in Jambi City with a sample of MSMEs in various sectors totaling 50 participants. Data were collected by distributed questionnaires and analyzed by Warp PLS 7.0. The results showed that the Tax Harmonization Law and Tax Sanctions had a significant positive effect on MSME Taxpayer Compliance in Jambi City. This research also contributes theoretically and practically and can be implemented for stakeholders and can be developed for further research.
Generation Z Sharia investment decision patterns: Does information media matter?
Authors: Normasyhuri Khavid , Saputri Yuli Dahlia , Anggraeni Erike
Published: October 2023

Purpose – This research examines the relationship between information quality, subjective norms, behavioral control in Generation Z Sharia investment decisions during the Covid-19 era. It also explores how media information can either reinforce or counter these factors.Methodology – Quantitative analysis was conducted in this study using SmartPLS 3.0. Primary data were collected from investor respondents during the Covid-19 pandemic from December 2021 to December 2022. The data collection was facilitated through Google Forms, and the indicator measurement utilized the Likert Scale.Findings – The study revealed a positive relationship pattern between information quality and behavioral control with Islamic investment decision-making in Generation Z during the Covid-19 era. Additionally, subjective norms showed a negative relationship pattern with Sharia investment decision-making in Generation Z during this time. Moreover, information media was found to influence the impact of information quality, subjective norms, and behavioral control on Islamic investment decision-making among Generation Z during the Covid-19 era.Implication – The insights from this research have been shared with investors, serving as a foundational reference for planning and implementing more effective and sustainable Sharia investment programs and strategies.Originality – This study introduces an alternative perspective by focusing on the realm of Islamic investment decisions made by Generation Z, a unique demographic with distinct characteristics, preferences, and behaviors. This investigation was conducted within the context of economic shocks, specifically during the Covid-19 period, and emphasized the role of information media as a crucial channel for rapid access to information, particularly through digital media. Additionally, the study employed the PLS-SEM model, adding a novel methodological approach to the research.
HOW AND WHY CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTS WORK ON PHYSICAL MODELS
Authors:   West Pomeranian University of Technology, Poland Department of Architecture, Sachanowicz Tomasz
Published: October 2023

This paper is taking up a subject of professional, creative work of architects with physical models. It is looking at why and how some of world renowned architects are using models in their everyday practice. First part is a review of methods of working with models of: Peter Zumthor, Christian Kerez, Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa (SANAA), Bijoy Jain and Anne Holtrop. Second part is focusing on finding similarities and differences in the various uses of models by different architects and listing the advantages of working on physical models. Conclusions summarise the whole paper.
SOME NOTES OF THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES AT SUBURBAN ZONES IN POLAND
Authors:   Białystok University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Poland, Czarnecki Bartosz , Januszkiewicz Krystyna ,   West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Architecture, Poland
Published: October 2023

The article investigates the ongoing urbanization processes at suburban zone's in Poland. Due to the weak spatial planning system and the lack of legal restrictions inhibiting the expansion of urbanized areas only in the last 15 years their surface per capita in Poland has increased by approx. 20% (according to the Central Statistical Office of Poland). The spatial policy of polish cities needs to cope with the process of excessive dispersion of development. According to the strong position of private properties owners in Poland, there can be seen the weakness of urban planning, which in fact is unable to use well known planning tools, like re-parceling or other types of urban planning regulations. The paper shows characterization of urbanization processes on examples of few Polish cities.
GENERAL PLAN AND LOCAL SPACIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN IN THE LIGHT OF THE AMANDED TO THE POLISH ACT ON PLANNING AND SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Valorem Energies Poland, Pelczar Szymon
Published: October 2023

This article focuses on the amendments to the Act on Spatial Planning and Development introduced by the amendment of this normative act. The features of the new planning document, which will be a general plan, were indicated, while defining the scope of its regulation. The role of the local spatial development plan resulting from the amendment to the Act and the space regulated by this act of local law were also presented. Changes concerning the decision on setting development conditions were also indicated and transitional provisions were outlined.
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED FACTORS OF POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC URBAN SPACES
Authors:   Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland, Stefańska Anna , Chudzińska Agnieszka ,   Affiliation in English Faculty of Architecture, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
Published: October 2023

Public spaces serve as central hubs of urban life, a role that becomes even more significant following a period of enforced social isolation. This article identifies the elements responsible for shaping aesthetically pleasing and captivating urban environments that attract people. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore what makes a beautiful and funcinal urban space. This review led to the identification of a core set of pivotal traits characterizing a well-designed urban space. Subsequently, these identified good urban space features were juxtaposed with the outcomes of the 2022 competition for the finest public space in Poland, organized by the Polish Association of Town Planners. This methodology facilitates an assessment of the impact of the chosen aspects and provides a fresh outlook on creating a positive ambience in public areas throughout Poland.
LANDSCAPE VISIBILITY RESEARCH AT THE FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE OF THE KRAKOW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ITS REFLECTION IN THE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS EDUCATION
Authors:   Politechnika Krakowska, Wydział Architektury, Poland, Forczek-Brataniec Urszula
Published: October 2023

Visual analysis is one of the basic design tools of a landscape architect. Subsequent advancement in the computer technology provides new opportunities to develop one’s approach to design. At the Cracow School of Landscape Architecture the visual analysis has been evolving alongside other landscape studies. The aim of the article was to examine whether the experience and development of scientific methods is reflected in education. As a result of the analysis of the method of education It was shown that students are successively introduced to the problems of using and applying visual analyses starting from the least challenging view sections to testing the latest research, such as the degree of visibility or specialized fractal panorama analyses. This approach is used not only in the field of design work, but it is also highly regarded in cooperation with the professional environment, such as national parks or landscape park boards.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE REFORMATION ON THE DESIGN AND FURNISHING OF NEW CASTLE CHAPELS, LUTHERAN CHURCHES, AND THE ADAPTATION OF CATHOLIC SACRED BUILDINGS IN THE DUCHY OF POMERANIA
Authors:   West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland Faculty of Architecture Department of History and Theory of Architecture, Arlet Joanna
Published: October 2023

The sacred architecture underwent transformations following the conversion of the Duchy of Pomerania to Protestantism in 1534. The scope and direction of changes in the forms of churches and Protestant chapels, as well as key elements of their furnishings, were the subjects of research and analysis. This encompassed structures constructed as Protestant places of worship, selected Gothic churches adapted for the new rite, and timber-framed churches built with post-and-beam construction techniques from 1534 until the end of the Griffin dynasty's rule. Due to sporadic alterations in the forms and structures of these objects, particular attention was paid to their design and details, including altars, pulpits, and baptismal fonts.
ACCESSIBILITY OF SPACES FOR LEARNING – LEARNING ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY
Authors:   Poznan University of Technology, Poland Chongqing Jiaotong University in China, China, Bonenberg Agata , Linowiecka Barbara ,   Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the presented research is to identify problems with the orientation and accessibility of the fragment of the "Warta" Campus at Poznan University of Technology and the building of the Faculty of Architecture and the Faculty of Management Engineering (WAWIZ). The new, almost zero-energy building designed by Prof. Sławomir Rosolski meets ecological and pro-environmental requirements to the highest degree and combines them with the perfection of the building's architectural form. The scope of the ergonomic research conducted concerns access to the Warta Campus from the nearest public transportation stop, the route to the WAWIZ building running through the campus, and the first floor of the building. The scope of the research and accompanying workshops also had an awareness-raising (socio-educational) character, ending with a discussion, and were preceded by design classes, where methods were discussed. The results of the accessibility study allowed the identification of the four most significant measures to eliminate existing limitations. The research focused on architectural accessibility only.
Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa (APS) Berlandaskan Al-Qur’an dan Al-Hadits
Authors: Rakman Fuad Fatkhu
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the basis for Alternative Dispute Resolution (APS) which includes mediation, negotiation, conciliation, and arbitration in Islamic law taken from the Qur'an and Al-Hadith. The essence of the problem to be revealed in this study is to find models of Dispute Resolution at the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. The research method used in this study is a literature study research model by relying on books, articles, journals, and turots as sources of research data. The results of this study found that at the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW had encountered the practice of resolving disputes through Alternative Dispute Resolution (APS). This is proven by, first, the finding of the arguments for negotiation, mediation, conciliation and arbitration from the Qur'an and Hadith, secondly, the prophet Muhammad SAW negotiated with Suhail Bin 'Amr as a negotiator for the polytheists in the form of a hudaibiyah agreement, the three prophets Muhammad SAW became a mediator in reconciling two people from the ansor circles who were in dispute over material rights, fourth it was found that the prophet Muhammad SAW justified the arbitration carried out by Abu Shuraykh and Sa'ad Bin Muadz.
Penetapan Metode Anuitas pada Pembiayaan Murabahah Bank Aceh Syariah Perspektif Asas Keadilan
Authors: Putri Raihan , Mujib Abdul , Eriyanti Nahara
Published: October 2023

One of the methods used to calculate margins on murabahah financing is using an annuity calculation system. There is a problem of taking large profits at the beginning of payment causing customers to complain, setting annuity margins is considered not to provide justice for customers. In this case the author wants to examine and analyze the determination of the annuity method in the financing of Bank Aceh Syariah in terms of the principle of justice. In this research, the type of research used is library research. Based on this research, it was concluded that the determination of the annuity method used by Bank Aceh Syariah in the category of fulfilling the principle of justice for the customer is injured because the application of the annuity method at Bank Aceh Syariah contains a pattern of principal installment payments that changes to be higher and determination of profits whose value changes to be small. In the concept of Islamic justice or contained in Law Number 21 of 2008 regarding the concept of justice explains that transactions between customers and banks must obtain a form of justice. In practice the application of the annuity method tends to be manipulative so that the disbursement procedure seems burdensome to the customer. The application of the customer annuity method will incur a loss when the customer wants to pay off at the beginning but does not get an installment discount. The sense of injustice in an annuity can be eliminated and then realized, namely by making a deduction on the installments for each customer who pays off obligations at the beginning of the transaction.
Level of Coherence in L2 Written Text: A Gender Perspective
Authors: Fairooz Rashad Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Writing is an essential skill for EFL learners to be able to communicate effectively. Achieving effective communication is condemned by the degree of developing text coherence. Reviewing the related literature shows that coherence, unlike other text features, posits a significant problem with L2 learners, males and females. Due to biological and cultural differences between males and females, both sexes may bring variety to coherence development in text writing. This case has not received a due account in discourse analysis studies, creating a gap in the literature. Accordingly, the present study aimed to identify the level of coherence in L2 written texts from a gender perspective. To achieve the objectives of the study, all 40 graduates of English, 20 males, and 20 females, Faculty of Education, Ibb University, Yemen, in the academic year 2019 – 2020, participated in this study. A writing test was used as a research tool to collect the required data. Using both descriptive and inferential research approaches, a number of findings were revealed. The most important ones are: there was a lack of coherence in both males' and females' written texts (M = 15.45/30, SD = 4.56); and there were no statistically significant differences between the mean score of male and female graduates (M = 16.10 > 14.80 <, SD = 4.96 > 4.14  , t = - 0.90,  P > 0.05) attributed to the variable of gender. Based on the findings of the study, a number of pedagogical implications were introduced; most notably, policymakers, course designers, and teachers should pay ample attention to the contents of writing courses focusing on text coherence to sensitize EFL learners to such a text feature to be able to produce coherent texts.
INFLUENCES OF INCUBATION TIME AND SUCROSE CONCENTRATION ON MICE (Mus musculus L.) OOCYTE VIABILITY FOR ENUCLEATING PROCEDURE
Authors: Kaiin Ekayanti Mulyawati , Gunawan Muhammad , Madihah Madihah , Nafisah Ghina
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to find out the optimum incubation time to complete mouse oocyte maturation at Metaphase II (MII) stage and determine the optimum sucrose concentration enabling to induce nuclear swelling for visualization that is important for enucleating process at the initial procedure of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In this current study, mice were used as animal model. Completely randomized design was arranged, consists of 2 trials with 4 treatments and 7 replications. In the first trial, the oocytes were cultured at 0-2, 4-6, 8-10, and 12-14 h in 5% CO2 incubator at 37 C. Second, the MII oocytes obtained from previous trial were cultured in M199 medium containing different concentrations of sucrose (0, 1.5, 3, and 6%). The parameters measured were the oocyte viability at various stages, i.e germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase I (MI), anaphase/telophase I (A/T I), and metaphase II (MII), and the viability of swollen nuclear oocytes using Hoechst/PI staining. The results showed that the optimum incubation time required by oocytes to reach MII stage was 12-14 h with a percentage of 57.14±12.67%, while the optimum sucrose concentration for nuclear swelling was found at 3% with a percentage of 100±0.00%. Our findings provided preliminary results related to the maturation process of the mouse oocyte nucleus, which is meaningful for the initial procedure of SCNT.
IMPROVING EWE OOCYTE VIABILITY AFTER VITRIFICATION WARMING USING COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT CRYOPROTECTANT AND CARRIER SYSTEM
Authors: Widyastuti Rini , Setiawan Rangga , Syamsunarno Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna , Ghozali Mohammad , Saili Takdir , Boediono Arief
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the best combination of cryoprotectant (Ethylene glycol, EG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and propanediol (PrOH) and carrier system (hemistraw and cryotop) in improving ewe oocytes viability during cryopreservation. Oocytes with multi layers of compact cumulus cells were colleted from abbatoir and matured in TCM 199 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum for 24-26 h at 38.5° C under 5% CO2 in the air. Matured oocyte was divided into six parts and vitrified in three different vitrification solutions; (i) 17% EG+17% DMSO with hemistraw as carrier system, (ii) 34% EG with hemistraw as carrier system, (iii) 17% EG+17% PrOH in hemistraw (iv), 17% EG+17% DMSO with cryotop as carrier system (v), 34% EG with cryotop as carrier system (vi), and 17% EG+17% PrOH in cryotop. Oocytes were cryopreserved for one week before revived and evaluated for viability. The result showed that oocytes vitrified in media containing EG and DMSO in cryotop had the highest viability (88.16%) compared to media containing EG only or EG and PrOH (70.95% and 68.76%, respectively) (P0.05). Moreover, oocytes viability that vitrified using cryotop and hemistraw as carrier system were not significantly different. The present results indicated that vitrification using combination of EG and DMSO as permeable cryoprotectant and cryotop as carrier system was the best system to maintain oocyte viability after vitrification-warming.
Identification and Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus Circulates in some districts in Aceh
Authors: Daud AK M , Setiyaningsih Surachmi , Sudirman Idwan
Published: October 2023

The objectives of this study were to assess the diversity of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) isolates; to detect and isolate NDV from poultry; and to identify and characterize NDV by serological and molecular assays. A total of 84 cloacal-oropharynx isolates of poultry was collected from privately owned poultries and poultry markets from 12 districts in Aceh Besar and Banda Aceh. Screening was performed by real time reverse transcriptation-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) to 15 isolates of poultry. Selected isolates were inoculated in 9-11 days old embryonated specific pathogen free (SPF) eggs and showed positive hemagglutination (HA). Characterization was performed through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using Komarov and Hitchner B1 antisera, elution test, RT-PCR and realtime RT-PCR fusion (F). All isolates had a higher affinity to Komarov antisera (titer up to 4 log), indicating virulent strain. This was supported by elution test which showed that 93.66% isolates were virulent and 6 % non-virulent. In conclusion, RT-PCR can detect Matrix gene from 15 isolates (100%), while Fusion gene only detected from 11 isolates (73.3%). rRT-PCR is more capable of detecting antigenic diversity compared to RT-PCR.
THE EFFECT OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON ANTIBIOTIC INHIBITION FOR Escherichia coli AND Bacillus sp.
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi , Agustrina Rochmah , Ekowati Christina Nugroho , Putra Rizani Oktanisyah , Hartono Madi
Published: October 2023

This study was aimed to test the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus sp. which were exposed to magnetic fields. In the first stage of the study, the effect of magnetic fields on the growth of E. coli and Bacillus sp were observed. The futher study was aimed to evaluate the effect of magnetic field on antibiotic sensitivity againts the growth of E. coli and Bacillus sp. The magnetic fields treatments were 0.0 mT (control), 0.1 mT, 0.2 mT, 0.3 mT which were exposed for 10 hours for each treatment. Five antibiotics (trimethoprim, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin and chloramphenicol) were used for each bacteria. The result showed that the magnetic field did not influence the colony growth of E.coli, but in Bacillus sp. was seen the increasing of colony area in magnetic field of 0.1 mT and 0.2 mT compared with control treatment. Antibiotic of trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, and ampicillin increase the growth inhibition of E. coli when the bacteria have been exposed to 0.1 mT; 0.2 mT; 0.3 mT magnetic field for 10 minutes. The inhibition by streptomycin and chloramphenicol antibiotic on E. coli did not affected by magnetic field exposure. The inhibition of Bacillus sp by trimethoprim and ampicillin increased when the bacteria have been exposed to 0.2 mT and 0.3 mT magnetic field for 10 minutes. The inhibition of nalidixic acid, streptomycin and chloramphenicol to Bacillus sp. did not affected by the magnetic field exposure.
ROBUST PREDICTION OF MEAT QUALITY ATTRIBUTES USING NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Iskandar Cut Dahlia , Zainuddin Z , Munawar Agus Arip , Barus Rina Aulia
Published: October 2023

The main purpose of this present study is to evaluate the ability of near infrared technology as an alternative method in determining and assessing quality parameters of meat product where in this case is frozen beef. At first, beef samples from chest and legs parts were sliced and taken at the amount of 100g per sample to be frozen. Then spectra data of beef samples were obtained using near infrared spectrophotometer (PSD IR i16) in wavelength range from 1000 to 2500 nm with optical gain 4x. Actual protein contents were obtained by Kjeldahl method and measured in triplicate. The near infrared spectra data were enhanced and improved by means of mean centering (MC) and baseline shift correction (BSC) methods. The results showed that protein content of frozen beef samples can be predicted rapidly with maximum correlation coefficient is 0.91. Heat properties of beef samples changes exponentially during freezing and thus, optimum freezing temperature and time can be predicted as well. Based on those obtained results, it may conclude that near infrared technology can assess frozen beef qualities rapidly and effectively.
EKSPRESI PROTEIN ADHF36 PADA PERUBAHAN OSMOLARITAS SERTA pH LINGKUNGAN HIDUP SALMONELLA TYPHI SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Kundera I Nengah , Santoso Sanarto , A Aulanni’am , Winarsih Sri
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati stabilitas ekspresi protein AdhF36 Salmonella typhi pada perlakuan osmolaritas dan pH dengan metode eksperimen laboratorium-eksploratif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan ekspresi protein AdhF36 Salmonella typhi pada perlakuan osmolaritas dengan pH. Hasil SDS-PAGE menunjukkan bahwa pita protein AdhF36 tetap terekspresi pada perlakuan osmolaritas 50-350 mM, sebaliknya pita protein ini tidak terdeteksi pada perlakuan pH 4,5-6,0. Hal ini didukung oleh hasil uji Western Blot yang berhasil mendeteksi protein AdhF36 hanya pada perlakuan osmolaritas. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa Salmonella typhi lebih toleran terhadap perubahan osmolaritas dibandingkan dengan pH.
KANDIDAT PROBE DNA DARI URUTAN REPETITIF R529 UNTUK DETEKSI Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Hartati Sri , Kusumawati Asmarani , Widodo Harto , Priyo Widodo Dwi
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang kandidat probe dari urutan 529 bp (R529) yang terdapat 200-300 kopi dalam genom Toxoplasma gondii

(T. gondii). Untuk menguji spesifitas rancangan probe digunakan perangkat lunak basic local alignment search tool (BLASTN) dari national

center for biotechnology information (NCBI) dan Geniuous. Probe DNA sebesar 237 bp dilabel yang dengan digoksigenin disintesis dengan

polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Kandidat probe yang dihasilkan berpotensi untuk digunakan lebih lanjut dalam deteksi keberadaan asam

nukleat T. gondii pada berbagai teknik hibridisasi.
11. Bursa Body Weight Ratio in ALPU Chickens
Authors: Fransiska Vinky Claudya , Erina Erina , Abrar Mahdi , Yaman M Aman , Balqis Ummu , Jalaluddin M.
Published: October 2023

This study was aimed to determine ratio of bursa body weight in ALPU chickens. The samples used were 72 ALPU chickens consisting of 36 males and 36 females aged 1-18 weeks. This study was observed in every week by weighing the weight of ALPU chickens as much as 2 males and 2 females, then chickens slaughtered. After that, Fabricius's bursa on each chicken was separated from the chicken body part and weighed using a digital balance sheet. The results of this study showed that the maximal ratio in male ALPU chickens was 0.0032 at the age 2 weeks, while the maximal ratio in female ALPU chickens was 0.0036 at the age 4 weeks. From the results of the analysis using t-test was concluded that bursa body weight ratio in male and female ALPU chickens during starter to grower group was significantly different (p0.05). The grower to finisher group was not significantly different (p0.05).
2. Identification of Avian Filarial Potential Vectors in Local Chicken (Gallus Domesticus) in Banda Aceh And Aceh Besar
Authors: Afriyanti Nur , Fahrimal Yudha , Hanafiah Muhammad , Farida Farida , Rusli Rusli , Sayuti Arman
Published: October 2023

This study aimed at finding out the potential vectors of avian filariasis in four locations where chickens were found infected by avian filaria. The samples used in this study were blood-sucking insect vectors that were caught using a light trap. The four locations were namely Limpok, Lamreung, Tungkop (District of Aceh Besar), and Lampriet (Banda Aceh City). The insects obtained were dissected to find microfilaria in their bodies. The data obtained in this study were analyzed descriptively. The results obtained from the arrests were 141 mosquitoes and a total of 313 gnats. Based on the results of the identification of mosquitoes found in the four dominating locations, namely Culex spp. as much as (72.3%), while the gnat obtained were of the genus Culicodes spp. From the results of the mosquitoes and gnats section, microfilariae were not found. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that from the four locations only two vectors were found, namely Culex spp. and Culicoides spp.
9. The Effectiviteness of Jatropha salve (Jatropha curcas L) in Inflammatory Phase of cutaneous wound healing in Mice (Mus musculus) Histopathologically
Authors: Sitorus Indra , Salim M Nur , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Aliza Dwinna , Irmawati Denny , Awaluddin Awaluddin , Thasmi Cut Nila , Akmal Muslim , Masyitha Dian
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of 10% Jatropha salve (Jatropha curcas L. )    to inflammation reaction cutaneous wound healing in mice (Mus musculus ) in the inflammatory phase. This experiment used 9 male mices, weighing 25-40 grams and age 2-3 months old, were divided into three treatment groups, each treatment consisting of three mices. The wound were made along 2 cms in the back area. Wound therapy was carried out  twice a day for 3 days.  Group KI was administered  and given by yellow vaseline, KII was given 10% Jatropha salve, and KIII was given gentamicin salve. The parameters measured are the increase in the number infiltrations of inflammatory cells,  neovascular, and re-epitelization. All quantitative data were measured using ANOVA and continued with Duncan Test, the qualitative data were presented descriptively by showing the results of observation under a microscope. The statistical test on the infiltrations of inflammatory cells and neovasculars parameter 10% Jatropha salve group significantly different (P0.05) compared to KI and KIII group. Histopatologycal observations indicated the 10% Jatropha salve could be reduce the infiltrations of inflammatory cells, increase neovasculars and re-epitelization percentage. According to the result can be concluded the 10% Jatropha salve can accelerate the inflammation phase cutaneous wound healing in mice.
5. Hematological Changes in Rattus Norvegicus infected with Trypanosoma evansi after Administration of Ethanol Extract of Phyllanthus Emblica
Authors: Siregar Dina Maulidya , Asmilia Nuzul , Fahrimal Yudha , Hamzah Abdullah , Hasan M. , Daud Razali , Isa M. , Dasrul Dasrul , Thasmi Cut Nila , Sambodo Priyo
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the value of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected with Trypanosoma evansi and given ethanol extract of Malacca leaves (Phyllanthus emblica). The animals used in this study were 20 male rats. All rats were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, each group consisting of 4 rats. The negative control group (K0) without T. evansi infection and without malacca leaf ethanol extract, the positive control group (K1) was infected with T. evansi without giving malacca leaf ethanol extract, the treatment group K2, K3, K4 were infected with T.evansi and were given ethanol extract Malacca leaf with doses of 300mg/kg BW, 600mg/kg BW, and 900mg/kg BW, respectively. The extract was given orally for 3 consecutive days. On the fourth day, blood was drawn for all groups through the orbital vein with a hematocrit pipette after administration of 0,2 ml Ketamin. Then the erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values were calculated using a hematology analyzer. The mean (± SD) erythrocyte values (106 / µl) were 7.66 ± 0.10, respectively; 2.65 ± 0.24; 4.56 ± 0.91; 6.58 ± 0.10; 5.86 ± 0.27; hemoglobin (g / dl) were 13.64 ± 0.26, respectively; 4.67 ± 0.13; 8.38 ± 0.72; 11.25 ± 0.58; 9.55 ± 0.56, the hematocrit (%) were 40.97 ± 0.67, respectively; 28.27 ± 0.76; 30.44 ± 0.48; 37.70 ± 0.40; 34.06 ± 0.17. The results showed that administration of ethanol extract of malacca leaves at a dose of 600mg/kg BB had a significant effect in maintaining the value of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit of white rats that had been infected with Trypanosoma evansi.
1. Identification of gastrointestinal parasites in bird white-rumped shama (copsychus malabaricus) kept by bird lovers in the Pariaman city, west sumatera
Authors: Riandi Lian Varis , Ikral M. , Fahrimal Yudha
Published: October 2023

Bird White-Rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus) is one of the many singing birds with many lovers. Like other animals, both free-living and chage, white-rumped shama can be attacked by diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and endoparasites. This study aims to identify the types of endoparasites in white-rumped shama kept by bird lovers in City of Pariaman, totaling 50 white-rumped shama from bird lovers in City of Pariaman. This research was conducted at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Syiah Kuala. Samples were examined using the floating method, the Borray sedimentation method, the formol-ether sedimentation method, and the Ziehl-Neelsen fast acid modification. From the examination results using the floating method, eggs were obtained from two types of endoparasitic worms, namely Heterakis sp. and Capillaria sp. In examining the modified Borray sedimentation method, the formol-ether sedimentation method and the modified Ziehl-Neelsen fast acid method, no eggs of nematodes, trematodes and cestodes were found. This study showed that 5 out of white rumped shama feces samples were infected with endoparasites. The types of endoparasites found from the white-rumped shama kept by bird lovers in Pariaman are nematodes of the genus Heterakis sp. and Capillaria sp. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the white-rumped shama kept by bird lovers in City of Pariaman is infected with endoparasites.
The Regression Time of Bursa of Fabricius in ALPU Chickens
Authors: Agusmanepi Riri , Erina Erina , Yaman M Aman
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine the regression time of bursa Fabricius in ALPU chicken. In this research, 72 chickens of ALPU consisted of 36 males and 36 females, aged 1 week, 2 weeks,, until 18 weeks old were used. Each age group consisted of 2 male chickens and 2 female chickens. Bursa Fabricius of every age group was collected and weighed. The results showed that the weight of bursa Fabricius increased at 1 to 15 weeks old, and reached the maximum weight at 15 weeks of age. After reaching maximum weight, bursa Fabricius underwent regression that occurred at 16 to 18 weeks old. Bursa Fabricius’s weight increased in the starter phase at 1 to 6 weeks, grower at 7 to 12 weeks and will regress in the finisher phase at 13 to 18 weeks. The results of the average weight analysis of bursa Fabricius using t-test was observed by comparing the weight of bursa Fabricius ALPU chicken starter phase with grower phase and grower phase with finisher phase. The weight of bursa Fabricius of male ALPU on starter phase with grower phases was significanly difference (p0.05) whereas grower phase with finisher phase was not significantly difference (p 0,05). The weight of bursa Fabricius of female ALPU on starter phase with grower phases was significanly difference (p0.05), whereas grower phase with finisher phase was not significant (p 0,05). Therefore, it can be concluded that regression of bursa Fabricius occurred at the age of 16 to 18 weeks. The weight of bursa Fabricius in starter phase and grower phases are significantly difference, however there was no significantly difference was observed in finisher phase.
Short Spacing, Lower Viscosity, and Sub-Optimum Operating Conditions SAGD Trial in Mukhaizna Heavy Oil Field
Authors: Al Yahmadi B. S. , Al Aamri R. M. , Al Ajmi Z. M. , Al Suqri W. S.
Published: October 2023

Mukhaizna is a heavy oil field in southern Oman operated by Oxy. It is a multi-stacked reservoir under steamflood since 2007. The main sandstone reservoirs were developed using horizontal producers in each target zone supported by vertical injectors.

Although most of the patterns are thermally mature, a few areas are still awaiting steamflood response. Hence, different options were evaluated across the field to help establishing thermal processing in areas with such a delay in steam response. One of the options considered and trialed was a Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) in a pattern with two horizontal producers (HPs) originally drilled within the same zone. The subject pattern is characterized with thin, discontinuous shale baffles that have limited the communication between the upper producer and the supporting injectors. Therefore, a modified SAGD configuration that involved converting the upper producer as an injector was considered to help sweeping the remaining oil in the upper sand. Additionally, analog SAGD projects were also evaluated to increase the chance of success although the target reservoir is not ideal for typical SAGD.

As this pattern was originally supported by a continuous steamflood, the same was continued to avoid any change in operating conditions around the SAGD trial. As a result, liquid production rate gradually increased from the lower producer after converting the upper producer into steam injection associated with increase in water cut initially. However, oil rate started to improve with a continuous increase in pumping speed. Salinity test of produced water showed significant increase over the expected level of condensed steam which could be attributed to either water encroachment from edge aquifer or high TDS in the injected low steam quality hot water. Nevertheless, the lag in oil response suggests most of the incremental oil resulted from the initiation of the SAGD trial that has changed the pressure dynamics in the reservoir and provided additional mean to deliver some heat and displacement forces to unswept areas although steam chamber was most likely not developed due to the low steam quality of injected steam.

This paper describes the potential, challenges, and opportunities of using a modified SAGD configuration in Mukhaizna heavy oil field in sub-optimum operating conditions for SAGD projects in terms of depth, thickness, patterns, and well configuration.