bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity Analysis of Word Importance using GPT Model: A Ranking XAI Approach with Attention Weights and KL Divergence
Authors: Agarwal Arav , Mahajan Rhea
Published: October 2024

This paper delves into the intricate realm of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, specifically focusing on transformers like GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer). Despite their remarkable capabilities, these models pose challenges in terms of interpretability and accountability, owing to their complex architectures and vast training data. This paper employs a model to investigate the importance of words within the corpus, employing sensitivity analysis techniques. Specifically, attention weights are used to measure the impact of individual words on the model's predictions. The paper proposes a novel approach to rank the importance of words by leveraging attention weights and conducting sensitivity analysis across the dataset. To quantify the discrepancies between model-generated outputs and ground truth, the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is employed. This divergence measure aids in evaluating how well the model captures the underlying distribution of words in the corpus. By integrating KL divergence into the sensitivity analysis, the study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of word importance.
Artificial Intelligence: An Experiential Learning Tool to Acquire Knowledge and Enhance Creativity
Authors: Jedishkem Epilogue , Jedishkem Jesfaith
Published: October 2024

Higher education students are recognized for neglecting assigned readings hence, researchers explored artificial intelligence (AI) as an instrument of motivation; in the quest to satisfy this demand, another interference developed, English, a linguistic barrier. Multi-cultural disparities impede literacy, equally, AI natural language processing (NLP) and prompts require fluency and command of English, which can be a hindrance for the underprivileged. The research aimed to determine the potential of AI educational tools in facilitating learning. Empirically, exploratory design was espoused to uncover the reasons behind college students’ lack of interest in reading and identify factors that can motivate them. One hundred and sixty-two first-year college students participated in the study, in November 2023. AI was specifically selected as a motivational instrument. Findings show students expressed optimism regarding the integration of AI into education, high-achieving students displayed confidence when interacting with AI, while those with lower proficiency faced difficulties due to NLP obstacles.
Effectiveness of environmental conservation measures practised in the Full Gospel churches of Kenya Embu Evurore District, Kenya
Authors: Rubiri Esther , Nkonge Dickson Kagema , Kathuri Moses  Njeru
Published: October 2024

This study assessed the effectiveness of environmental conservation measures practised by the congregants of the Full Gospel Churches of Kenya in the Embu Evurore District. The environment in Embu Evurore District is degraded despite the conservation practices of the congregants. The study objective was to assess the effectiveness of the environmental conservation measures practised in the Full Gospel Churches of Kenya Embu Evurore District. The study was guided by Behaviour change theory, which states that an individual is a victim of their environment. A descriptive research design was used to collect, analyse, and interpret information. The study was carried out in the five local churches in Embu Evurore District. The study population was obtained through a sampling technique. The leaders were selected through purposive sampling. A sample of congregants was arrived at through random sampling. The study instruments were questionnaires for the congregants and interview schedules for the leaders. An observation schedule was used to identify the environmental conservation practices in Embu Evurore District. The data was analysed using tables, charts and graphs. The study found that while some environmental conservation measures have been effective, others have had limited impact. The study also found that some congregants caused environmental degradation. The findings of the study add knowledge to Eco- Theology. They benefit church leaders by adding insight to their policy formulation and decision-making concerning environment conservation. The findings of this study will sensitise the congregants to improve their methods of environmental conservation.
Harnessing Herbal Remedies: Salvia officinalis and Hypericum perforatum Mixture for Enhancing Memory and Cognitive Function
Authors: Chugh Priya , B M Rathna Kumari , Nafees Huda , Sharma Kanchan
Published: October 2024

In the pursuit of alternative therapies for cognitive decline and memory enhancement, herbal remedies have gained significant attention. Among these, Salvia officinalis (sage) and Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) have emerged as promising candidates due to their neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties. This review explores the scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of a mixture of Salvia officinalis and Hypericum perforatum in improving memory and cognitive function and discuss the bioactive compounds present in these herbs, their mechanisms of action, and their individual effects on cognitive health. Furthermore, we examine preclinical and clinical studies investigating the synergistic effects of combining Salvia officinalis and Hypericum perforatum in mitigating cognitive decline and enhancing memory. Through a comprehensive analysis, this review aims to provide insights into the potential therapeutic benefits of this herbal mixture and its implications for cognitive health.
Zinc nanoparticles mediated by Costus pictus leaf extract to study GC-MS and FTIR analysis
Authors:   Department of Botany, Anwarul Uloom College, Hyderabad-Telangana State, India., Azra Bibi Hafsa , Fatima Tarannum ,   Department of Botany, Anwarul Uloom College, Hyderabad-Telangana State, India
Published: October 2024

Plants have been used to treat illnesses from the dawn of time, and the term “medicinal plants” has taken on special significance. Because of their pharmacological potency, these plants have continued to be used as a source of medicines and other natural goods worldwide. Costus pictus, Commonly known as flaming costus (Costus igneus Nak), is a South-central American plant recently brought to India. It belongs to the Costaceae family. It is called the “insulin plant” in India because of its alleged anti-diabetic qualities. The methods utilized in this study are GC-MS, FTIR and SEM analysis. The results revealed that GC-MS shows the presence of different compounds: fatty acids, terpenoids, Alkanes, Carboxylic acid and aromatic compounds. The FTIR analysis depicts various functional groups comprising alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, carboxylic acid, aromatic compounds, and halo compounds. SEM analysis depicts the shape and size of nanoparticles, and the size of nanoparticles is 77nm – 113nm. Further research should be done on the characterization of Zn nanoparticles, metabolomics analysis and pharmacological activities.
Phytochemical Profiling, Green Synthesis, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Synthesized from Ipomoea laxiflora Extract
Authors:   Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana-500 007,India, Prabhakar Y. , Rao S. Gangadhar ,   Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana-500 007,India
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the eco-friendly production of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract from Ipomoea laxiflora and assesses their antioxidant and hemolytic effects. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using this species. Green synthesis offers immense potential in both medical and environmental fields, aiming to utilize less hazardous chemicals. Plant-based synthesis, in particular, is considered safe and effective due to the presence of reducing and capping agents within plant extracts. Ipomoea laxiflora H.J. Chowdhery & Debta, belonging to the Convolvulaceae family, is an annual climber native to Tropical Africa and India. It has been traditionally used to treat fever, headaches, and stomach aches. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, and cardio glycosides. Quantification of phytochemical contents, including total phenolic, flavonoid, and proanthocyanin content, was also performed. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis indicated characteristic peak values of major functional groups such as alkene, alkane, and carbonyl. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by adding 10 mL of methanolic leaf extract to 90 mL of 1 mM aqueous silver nitrate solution, followed by heating at 80 degrees Celsius for three hours with continuous stirring. The change in color from yellow to dark brown confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles. The antioxidant activity, determined by DPPH radical scavenging assay, showed 94% scavenging activity for methanolic extract compared to 98% for ascorbic acid. Higher concentrations exhibited increased scavenging activity. Total antioxidant activity ranged from 60% to 89% in hexane and methanol extracts, with methanol showing the highest concentration. Hemolytic activity was observed between concentrations of 10 to 100 µg/ml, with a hemolysis rate of 2.751% at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. The development of green nanoparticles using natural sources like Ipomoea laxiflora holds significant importance for environmental sustainability, health benefits, diverse biomedical applications, resource efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Embracing such green approaches not only advances nanotechnology but also aligns with broader goals of promoting sustainable development.
Isolation and identification of phyllosphere bacteria from three different crops
Authors:   Department of Botany, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, Ravimannan Nirmala , Pushpanathan Sukanja ,   Department of Botany, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Published: October 2024

The phyllosphere represents the habitat provided by the aboveground parts of plants. There have been few studies on the phyllosphere of plants. A large number of microbes are associated with the phyllosphere, where bacteria are the most dominant. The main objective of the present study was to isolate phyllosphere bacteria from three different crops cultivated in the Jaffna district. Phyllosphere bacteria were isolated by washing the host leaf and plating on nutrient agar media. Two different phyllosphere bacteria, namely, Pseudomonas putida and Staphylococcus equorum and two different species of the genus Bacillus (B. cereus and B. pumilus)were isolated from Zea mays. Staphylococcus epidermis and two different species of Bacillus (B. cereus and B. subtilis) were isolated from Solanum lycopersicum. Two different phyllosphere bacteria, namely, Lactobacillus brevis and Micrococcus luteus, and three different species of Bacillus (B. subtilis, B. mycoides and B. licheniformis) were isolated from Brassica oleracea var. capitata. The isolates were identified based on colony morphological characteristics and biochemical tests.
AUTISMO EM GUINÉ-BISSAU: DESAFIOS CULTURAIS, PERSPECTIVAS DE INCLUSÃO E TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Souza Lívia Barbosa Pacheco , Manga Elizabete Essamai , Marques Manuel Mfinda Pedro
Published: October 2024

Estudar sobre o autismo em contextos culturais específicos como Guiné-Bissau é fundamental para promover a conscientização, combater estigmas e implementar políticas que garantam o pleno respeito aos direitos e a inclusão das crianças autistas na sociedade. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo examinou a interseção entre tradições culturais, percepções sociais e direitos das crianças autistas em Guiné-Bissau, destacando os desafios enfrentados por essas crianças e suas famílias. Por meio de uma análise abrangente das práticas culturais, relatos das mães e políticas educacionais, identifica-se a necessidade urgente de intervenções e políticas públicas voltadas para a conscientização, educação inclusiva e proteção dos direitos das crianças autistas. Propõem-se estratégias multifacetadas para promover a transformação social e garantir um futuro mais inclusivo e equitativo para todas as crianças autistas em Guiné-Bissau.
ABORDAGEM DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE O USO DE CONTRASTE E AS GLOMERULOPATIAS
Authors: Farias Thiago Formiga , Costa Ana Julia Rodrigues da , Nogueira Camila Ferreira , Oliveira Leonardo de Almeida
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A relação entre o uso de contraste em exames de imagem e as glomerulopatias emergiu como uma preocupação significativa na prática clínica, uma vez que a administração de agentes de contraste, especialmente aqueles à base de iodo, pode desencadear ou agravar danos renais. As glomerulopatias, que englobam uma variedade de condições que afetam os glomérulos, são caracterizadas por inflamação e lesões nos rins, podendo levar à insuficiência renal. A compreensão dos mecanismos pelos quais os agentes de contraste influenciam a função renal é crucial para otimizar a segurança do paciente e desenvolver diretrizes adequadas para a utilização desses recursos diagnósticos. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o uso de contraste em exames de imagem e o desenvolvimento ou agravamento de glomerulopatias, buscando identificar padrões e diretrizes que possam auxiliar na prática clínica. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada seguindo o checklist PRISMA, abrangendo artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos, extraídos das bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science. Utilizaram-se cinco descritores: "uso de contraste", "glomeulopatias", "insuficiência renal", "nefrite", e "efeitos adversos". Os critérios de inclusão consideraram estudos que avaliavam a relação entre o uso de contraste e a função renal, ensaios clínicos randomizados, e artigos revisados por pares. Já os critérios de exclusão abrangeram estudos com amostras pediátricas, publicações que não apresentaram dados empíricos, e pesquisas focadas em outras patologias renais. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a exposição a agentes de contraste, especialmente em pacientes com função renal comprometida, foi frequentemente associada a um aumento na incidência de lesões renais agudas. Além disso, vários estudos indicaram que o risco de nefropatia induzida por contraste é elevado em indivíduos com histórico de diabetes mellitus e hipertensão. As diretrizes atuais enfatizaram a necessidade de avaliação cuidadosa antes da administração de contraste em populações vulneráveis. Conclusão: A análise sistemática evidenciou que o uso de contraste em exames de imagem possui implicações significativas para a saúde renal, especialmente em pacientes predispostos a glomerulopatias. Essas descobertas reforçam a importância de uma abordagem cautelosa e individualizada ao considerar exames que envolvem agentes de contraste, visando minimizar riscos e proteger a função renal.
O CRESCIMENTO DOS TRANSTORNOS ALIMENTARES: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOGRÁFICO
Authors: Gomes Maria Eduarda Duarte , Amarante Victor de Moura , Silva Lara Sadde , Carvalho Sarah Campos
Published: October 2024

O artigo sobre o crescimento dos transtornos alimentares destaca o aumento alarmante dessas condições nos últimos anos, especialmente entre adolescentes e jovens adultos. Vários fatores contribuem para essa tendência, incluindo a pressão social para manter padrões de beleza irrealistas, a influência das redes sociais e questões emocionais como ansiedade e depressão. Além disso, o texto aborda as consequências físicas e psicológicas dos transtornos alimentares, como anorexia, bulimia e compulsão alimentar, ressaltando a necessidade de intervenções precoces e eficazes. O papel da família, amigos e profissionais de saúde é enfatizado na identificação e no apoio a indivíduos afetados. O artigo conclui com a importância de promover a conscientização e a educação sobre saúde mental e alimentação saudável como formas de prevenção.
SÍNDROME DE CUSHING EM MULHERES EM IDADE FÉRTIL: IMPLICAÇÕES OBSTÉTRICAS
Authors: Resende Vitória Helena Leite , Moreira Júlia Diniz Assis , Mendonça Isabela Gontijo , Lopes Roberta Dumont Paiva , Andrade Mariany Minelvina de
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome de Cushing, caracterizada pela hipersecreção de cortisol, apresenta um impacto significativo na saúde geral, especialmente em mulheres em idade fértil. Essa condição pode resultar de várias causas, incluindo tumores hipofisários e adrenal. As implicações obstétricas da síndrome são diversas, pois podem afetar a fertilidade, a gestação e a saúde do feto. Estudos têm demonstrado que mulheres com Síndrome de Cushing podem enfrentar complicações como hipertensão, diabetes gestacional e restrição de crescimento intrauterino. Além disso, as alterações hormonais provocadas pela síndrome podem influenciar negativamente o curso da gravidez e a saúde perinatal, tornando a monitorização obstétrica essencial para essa população. Objetivo: Analisar as implicações obstétricas da Síndrome de Cushing em mulheres em idade fértil. Metodologia: A metodologia adotada seguiu o checklist PRISMA, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science. Os cinco descritores utilizados foram "Síndrome de Cushing", "gestação", "complicações obstétricas", "fertilidade" e "hormônios". Os critérios de inclusão consistiram em estudos que abordaram mulheres em idade fértil com diagnóstico de Síndrome de Cushing, artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos e que discutiram implicações obstétricas. Os critérios de exclusão foram artigos que não apresentaram dados originais, estudos que não focaram na população de interesse e revisões que não abordaram complicações gestacionais. Resultados: A Síndrome de Cushing em mulheres em idade fértil está associada a um aumento do risco de complicações como pré-eclâmpsia, abortos espontâneos e partos prematuros. Além disso, observou-se que o tratamento pré-concepção pode melhorar os desfechos obstétricos. O manejo adequado da síndrome, em conjunto com uma abordagem multidisciplinar, foi identificado como essencial para minimizar riscos. Conclusão: A Síndrome de Cushing apresenta importantes implicações obstétricas que demandam atenção especial durante a gravidez. A compreensão das complicações associadas e a adoção de estratégias de manejo são fundamentais para garantir a saúde materno-fetal e otimizar os resultados na gestação.
RESENHA CRÍTICA
Authors: Souza Marileide Carvalho de , Osório Neila Barbosa , Gomes Glauce Gonçalves da Silva , Sera Eduardo Aoki Ribeiro , Moura Anice de Souza , Maia Giselle Carmo , Noleto Lêda Santana de Oliveira , Nunes Filho Fernando Afonso , Oliveira Nubia Pereira Brito , Bento Givanildo Ferreira
Published: October 2024

No artigo "Redação de Artigo Científico", Sebastião Gusmão oferece um guia prático e claro sobre as diretrizes essenciais para a elaboração de textos científicos, enfatizando o artigo original como o formato básico de escrita acadêmica. O autor argumenta que a qualidade da redação reflete diretamente a capacidade do pesquisador de comunicar suas descobertas, sendo vital que o autor esteja atento às bases teóricas e à estrutura de seu texto.Gusmão divide seu trabalho em duas partes. A primeira parte apresenta as bases teóricas da redação científica, onde discute a importância de cada etapa na construção de um texto coerente e lógico. Ele estabelece que a redação científica deve integrar dados e interpretações, visando responder questões de pesquisa de forma objetiva. Nesse contexto, destaca o modelo IMRED (Introdução, Materiais/Métodos, Resultados e Discussão) como fundamental para organizar o conteúdo de maneira que reflita a lógica da pesquisa.A segunda parte do artigo aborda a proposta de escrita "backwards" de Magnusson, que sugere que a redação deve ser iniciada pela conclusão, seguindo-se das seções que sustentam essa conclusão. Essa abordagem permite que o autor mantenha a coerência do texto e elimine informações desnecessárias, garantindo que cada parte do artigo contribua para a compreensão do problema investigado.Gusmão também discorre sobre a linguagem científica, sublinhando que clareza e concisão são cruciais. Ele recomenda a revisão cuidadosa do texto para remover redundâncias e enfatiza a importância da variação dos tempos verbais conforme o contexto: passado para descrever metodologias e resultados, presente para conclusões e citações, e infinitivo para objetivos.Ao final, o autor reafirma que um texto científico ideal deve ser simples, lógico e conciso, focando na clareza para o leitor. Seu artigo é um recurso valioso para pesquisadores que desejam aprimorar suas habilidades de escrita, ressaltando a necessidade de uma comunicação eficaz no meio acadêmico.
IMPACTO DAS INTERVENÇÕES NUTRICIONAIS NA PROGRESSÃO DA ESTEATOHEPATITE NÃO ALCOÓLICA: UMA REVISÃO CRÍTICA
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Gustavo Silva Elisei de , Silva Isabella Avila , Bomfim Vitoria Vilas Boas da Silva
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A Esteatohepatite Não Alcoólica (NASH) é uma condição progressiva do fígado associada à obesidade e à resistência à insulina, que pode evoluir para cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular. As intervenções nutricionais têm sido estudadas como uma abordagem não invasiva para retardar a progressão da doença, mas as evidências sobre sua eficácia ainda são dispersas. Objetivo: Esta revisão crítica visa analisar o impacto das intervenções nutricionais na progressão da NASH, com ênfase nas mudanças dietéticas e suas implicações no controle da inflamação e fibrose hepática. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science para identificar estudos clínicos e revisões publicados entre 2015 e 2023 que investigaram o efeito de diferentes intervenções nutricionais em pacientes com NASH. Foram incluídos estudos que avaliaram mudanças no escore de fibrose hepática, marcadores inflamatórios e melhora na função hepática. Resultados e Discussão: As intervenções que mais demonstraram resultados positivos foram aquelas baseadas em dietas com restrição calórica, baixa ingestão de carboidratos refinados e o aumento do consumo de gorduras insaturadas e fibras. As dietas mediterrânea e low-carb mostraram benefícios na redução da inflamação e dos níveis de esteatose hepática. No entanto, os resultados sobre a reversão da fibrose hepática são limitados e ainda inconclusivos. A adesão a longo prazo também se mostrou um fator crítico para a eficácia dessas intervenções, evidenciando a necessidade de estratégias de acompanhamento e suporte contínuo. Considerações Finais: As intervenções nutricionais têm o potencial de desempenhar um papel significativo na gestão da NASH, especialmente em estágios iniciais da doença. No entanto, mais estudos longitudinais são necessários para avaliar a reversão da fibrose hepática e para identificar quais combinações de nutrientes são mais eficazes em diferentes perfis de pacientes.
MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS E COMPLICAÇÕES CIRÚRGICAS DA TROMBOANGEÍTE OBLITERANTE
Authors: Dias Ana Luiza Costa , Rabello Laura Nacife , Domingueti João Paulo Silva , Ladeia Roberta Alves Reis
Published: October 2024

Introdução:. A tromboangeíte obliterante, também conhecida como doença de Buerger, é uma vasculite de etiologia desconhecida que acomete principalmente artérias de médio e pequeno calibre, especialmente membros inferiores. Caracterizada por inflamação e trombose, a doença leva à isquemia, dor e ulcerações, podendo resultar em amputações. A compreensão das manifestações clínicas e das complicações cirúrgicas é fundamental para o diagnóstico precoce e o manejo adequado desses pacientes. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi identificar e sintetizar a evidência científica disponível sobre as manifestações clínicas e as complicações cirúrgicas da tromboangeíte obliterante, com o intuito de contribuir para a melhoria do diagnóstico e tratamento dessa doença. Metodologia: Utilizou-se o protocolo PRISMA para conduzir esta revisão sistemática. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science, utilizando os seguintes descritores: "thromboangiitis obliterans", "Buerger's disease", "clinical manifestations", "surgical complications", "vasculitis". A busca foi restrita a artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Foram incluídos estudos originais que descrevessem as manifestações clínicas e as complicações cirúrgicas da tromboangeíte obliterante em adultos. Foram excluídos estudos de revisão, casos isolados, estudos em animais e aqueles que não estavam disponíveis em inglês, português ou espanhol. Resultados: A busca resultou em um total de 18 artigos. Os principais achados desta revisão indicaram que as manifestações clínicas mais comuns da tromboangeíte obliterante incluem claudicação intermitente, dor em repouso, ulcerações digitais, gangrena e fenômeno de Raynaud. As complicações cirúrgicas mais frequentes foram relacionadas à cicatrização deficiente de feridas, infecções, trombose e tromboembolismo. A cessação do tabagismo emergiu como o fator mais importante para o controle da doença e a prevenção de complicações.. Conclusão: A tromboangeíte obliterante é uma doença complexa com manifestações clínicas variadas e um alto risco de complicações, especialmente em pacientes que não abandonam o tabagismo. O diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento multidisciplinar, que inclui a cessação do tabagismo e o manejo das complicações, são essenciais para melhorar o prognóstico dos pacientes. Os resultados desta revisão sistemática podem auxiliar os profissionais de saúde no diagnóstico e tratamento da tromboangeíte obliterante, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida desses pacientes.
Alineamiento de la estrategia de desarrollo municipal con los objetivos de desarrollo sostenibles en Cabaiguán
Authors: Ajeno Díaz Bárbara María , Carbonell Duménigo Alejandro
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En el año 2015 la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas aprueba la agenda 2030 con sus 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y sus 169 metas. Esta agenda se materializa en los diferentes países donde se implementa con un enfoque hacia el desarrollo local. Objetivo: Desarrollar un procedimiento para evaluar el alineamiento de la Estrategia de Desarrollo Municipal con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenibles en el municipio de Cabaiguán, en la provincia de Sancti Spíritus en Cuba. Métodos: Se aplicaron un conjunto de métodos y técnicas para desarrollar la investigación a los principales decisores del municipio, tales como la encuesta y entrevistas. Resultados: El resultado de la implementación del procedimiento, el que se convirtió en una herramienta de trabajo para la gobernanza basado en ciencia, permitió determinar el nivel de conocimiento que poseen los diferentes actores del municipio Cabaiguán sobre la Estrategia de Desarrollo Municipal y la Agenda 2030, posibilitó el alineamiento de la Líneas Estratégicas definidas con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, metas e indicadores recogidos en dicha Agenda y les facilitó a los directivos del gobierno a esta instancia la información necesaria para corregir las desviaciones identificadas. Conclusiones: Se concluye que es insuficiente la territorialización de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, metas e indicadores posibles en la Estrategia de Desarrollo Municipal y la necesidad de la capacitación de los diferentes actores para contribuir a este alineamiento.
Barreras para la adopción de prácticas circulares en pequeñas y medianas empresas del sureste mexicano
Authors: Contreras Avila Alonso , Peraza Pérez Limberth Agael , Calvo Contreras Cecilia Margarita
Published: October 2024

La economía circular (EC) es un modelo relativamente nuevo que busca redefinir el proceso lineal tradicional de “producir, consumir y desechar” con base en los principios de eliminación de residuos y contaminación desde el diseño, mantenimiento de productos y materiales en uso el mayor tiempo posible y la regeneración de sistemas naturales; con el propósito de contribuir con la sostenibilidad. Sin embargo, en el contexto de pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes), ha resultado complicado adoptar este modelo debido a las características particulares de este tipo de entidades. En ese sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la percepción de los empresarios hacia la adopción de prácticas de economía circular. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal y se aplicó un instrumento compuesto por siete dimensiones a una muestra de 305 propietarios, gerentes o encargados de pymes en Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche. Los resultados sugieren una relativa predisposición de los empresarios hacia este tipo de iniciativas, sin embargo, se evidencia principalmente la presencia de obstáculos financieros, legislativos y de mercado que dificulta la adopción de prácticas sostenibles en el ámbito empresarial limitando la transición hacia una economía circular.
Signos clínicos en cavidad bucal originados por el estrés
Authors: Hernandez Tenorio Victor Michael , Alvarez Chaparro Carolina
Published: October 2024

El estrés es un estado psicológico que presenta el ser humano a lo largo de la por diversas condiciones, pero cuando éste se vuelve crónico y muy recurrente, puede ocasionar daños tanto a nivel inmunológico, mental, e incluso ocasionar problemas en la dentición de las personas. La cavidad bucal también está ligada a posibles manifestaciones físicas de origen psicológico. Los síntomas bucales como dolor facial, disestesia bucal, cefalea, movilidad dentaria, rechinamiento y apretamiento, entre otros. Es fundamental recordar que los síntomas bucales suelen ser complejos. Diferentes personas pueden responder de manera diferente a las variables psicológicas y a la variada salud bucal. El bruxismo es la principal patologia bucal con manifestaciones clinicas y repercusion en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Es esencial que los dentistas y profesionales médicos reconozcan y resuelvan estos problemas vitales. El objetivo es evidenciar los signos clínicos en cavidad bucal originados por el estrés. El método es una revisión sistemática de estudios observacionales publicados.
El lavado verde en las divulgaciones de sostenibilidad: caso mina El Cerrejón
Authors: Medina Salazar Graciela , Cante Reyes Hida Rocio , Cáceres Mejía Víctor Miguel
Published: October 2024

El lavado verde es un fenómeno en el cual las empresas divulgan información engañosa para crear una imagen de desempeño ambiental sostenible. Esta práctica puede tener un impacto en la estrategia comercial, la transparencia de la información y el desempeño financiero de una empresa. Con el aumento de los reportes no financieros, la complejidad de las medidas de presentación y un entorno normativo incierto, se han incrementado las divulgaciones engañosas, lo que ha generado una preocupación a nivel mundial, promoviendo esfuerzos para regular la publicidad, reglamentar las comunicaciones responsables y prevenir el lavado verde de imagen. En este documento se analiza el caso del Cerrejón, una de las minas de carbón a cielo abierto más grandes del mundo; ubicada en la región de la Guajira colombiana, su amplia escala y producción, no solo la posicionan como una pieza destacada en la industria, sino también como un actor clave en el impacto ambiental de Latinoamérica. En la investigación se identificaron discrepancias significativas entre las divulgaciones y el impacto ambiental descrito por algunos grupos de interés, contrastado a través de diversas metodologías e indicadores utilizados para identificar el lavado verde en la comunicación de las organizaciones. Las conclusiones derivadas de este análisis son de particular interés para los contadores públicos, ya que les brinda herramientas para participar activamente en procesos de aseguramiento de la información para la sostenibilidad, así como para proponer estrategias que promuevan la transparencia y la responsabilidad en la divulgación de información ambiental.
Penyelesaian Sengketa di Segmen Noel Besi – Citrana antara Indoneia dan Timor Leste
Authors: Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku
Published: October 2024

In Kupang District there is an unresolved segment, namely Noel Besi- Citrana, which is a disputed land along a river or delta starting from Co.
1745-6475 to Co. 1870-6770. The dispute area is located in Kupang Regency, with an area of ± 1,069 Ha, originating from the land dispute. When East Timor was still joining NKRI, the Noel Besi-Citrana area was the border area of Kupang Regency (NTT) and Ambeno Regency (Timor Leste region). The area of dispute is Naktuka which is located between the  Noel  Besi  River  and  the  Nono  Noemna  River.  Based  on  the Provisional Agreement in 2005 Article 6 point (b) which implies that local communities in this case the customary community / customary leaders  are  given  space  to  be  involved  in  the  process  of  resolving disputes that occur at the borders of the two countries by promoting peaceful and nonviolent means in accordance with Article 8 Provisional Agreement in 2005. Whereas the people who inhabit West Timor (Indonesia) and the people who inhabit East Timor (Timor Leste) have the   same   socio-cultural   background,  it   can   be   ensured  that   the customary law arrangements in force in these two community groups also  the  same. However, this  actually becomes an obstacle  when  the state takes the primary role, regardless of the Customary Figures who have the potential to determine the peaceful settlement of national borders in a family atmosphere..
Emission dynamics of reactive oxygen species and oxidative potential in particles from a gasoline car and wood stove
Authors: Utinger Battist , Barth Alexandre , Paul Andreas , Mukherjee Arya , Campbell Steven John , Müller Christa-Maria , Ihalainen Mika , Yli-Pirilä Pasi , Kortelainen Miika , Fang Zheng , Mertens Patrick , Somero Markus , Louhisalmi Juho , Hohaus Thorsten , Czech Hendryk , Sippula Olli , Rudich Yinon , Zimmermann Ralf , Kalberer Markus
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Air pollution is one of the largest environmental health risks and one of the leading causes of adverse health outcomes and mortality worldwide. The possible importance of the oxidative potential (OP) as a metric to quantify particle toxicity in air pollution is increasingly being recognized. In this work, the OP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity of particles from fresh and aged gasoline passenger car emissions and residential wood combustion (RWC) emissions were investigated using two novel instruments. Applying online instruments using an ascorbic acid (AA) and 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) assay provides a much higher time resolution compared to traditional filter-based methods and allows for new insights into highly dynamic changes in OP and ROS activity of these sources. Due to the efficiency of the particulate filter in the Euro 6d car, almost no primary particles were emitted and thus no particle OP and ROS was detected in primary exhaust. However, a substantial and highly dynamic OP and ROS activity was observed after photochemical ageing due to the formation of secondary particles. Increasing OP and ROS activity due to ageing was also observed when comparing fresh and aged RWC emissions. Overall, RWC emissions had significantly higher OP and ROS signals compared to car emissions. This suggests that aged RWC emissions could be a major contributor to air pollution toxicity, and may be an intrinsically more harmful emission source than car exhaust, although the formation potential for secondary particles from car emissions was still high. These measurements illustrate the strong differences and highly dynamic nature of toxicity-relevant particle properties from two air pollution sources and could contribute to more efficient air pollution mitigation policies.
Controls on spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture across a heterogeneous boreal forest landscape
Authors: Zignol Francesco , Lidberg William , Greiser Caroline , Larson Johannes , Hoffrén Raúl , Ågren Anneli M.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. In the light of climate change and biodiversity loss, modeling and mapping soil moisture at high spatiotemporal resolution is increasingly crucial for a wide range of applications in Earth and environmental sciences, particularly in areas like boreal forests where comprehensive soil moisture datasets are scarce. Soil moisture, though a small fraction of Earth’s water, plays a fundamental role in terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, influencing meteorological processes, plant health, soil biogeochemistry, groundwater fluctuations, and nutrient exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface. However, understanding and modeling soil moisture dynamics is extremely complex due to the non-linear interplay of numerous physical and biological processes, the large number of drivers involved, and the wide range of spatial and temporal scales at play. Here, we focused on a boreal forest landscape in northern Sweden, where we monitored surface soil moisture with dataloggers at 82 locations during the 2022 vegetation period. We described spatial patterns and temporal fluctuations of soil moisture, we explored the relationships between the observed variations in soil moisture and a vast array of environmental and meteorological factors from multiple sources at varying spatial resolutions and temporal scales, and we tested how these relationships changed over time. Soil properties, topographical features, vegetation characteristics, and land use/land cover were all important contributors of spatial variations in soil moisture, suggesting that current soil moisture maps primarily relying on terrain indices could benefit from integrating this diverse range of information. Moreover, different spatial resolutions and user-defined thresholds of these indices largely affected the performance of the predictions, indicating that topographic proxies for soil moisture should be evaluated for the specific area of interest. Hydrological and meteorological conditions over five to seven days preceding soil moisture measurements were essential in explaining daily soil moisture fluctuations, and influenced the predominant mechanisms governing the spatial distribution of soil moisture. Our findings contribute to advancing physically based land surface and hydrological models, developing machine learning models for predicting spatiotemporal variability in soil moisture, and ultimately generating digital dynamic soil moisture maps for forest management and nature conservation.
Investigating Plant Responses to Water Stress via Plant Hydraulics Pathway
Authors: Song Zengjing , Zeng Yijian , Wang Yunfei , Tang Enting , Yu Danyang , Alidoost Fakhereh , Ma Mingguo , Han Xujun , Tang Xuguang , Zhu Zhongjing , Xiao Yao , Kong Debing , Su Zhongbo
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Drought-induced plant hydraulic failure is one of the main factors for large-scale plant mortality. Understanding the response of the plants to water stress is of paramount importance to elucidate the dynamics of water, energy and carbon fluxes under drought conditions. In this study, we implemented the plant hydraulics pathway in STEMMUS-SCOPE (hereafter as STEMMUS-SCOPE-PHS) by considering xylem vulnerability, and validated the model at a karst site in Chongqing, China. Plant water potentials of root, stem and leaf are calculated in STEMMUS-SCOPE-PHS. A leaf water potential-based plant water stress factor (PHWSF) replaces the original soil moisture-based water stress factor to represent the effect of water stress on plant growth. Results show that the PHWSF captures the diurnal dynamics of water stress. The STEMMUS-SCOPE-PHS improves the simulation of diurnal dynamics of latent heat flux, net ecosystem exchange and gross primary production compared to STEMMUS-SCOPE with the value of Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) increasing from 0.74 to 0.83, 0.57 to 0.76, and 0.57 to 0.80, respectively. This research delineates the plant hydraulic responses to water stress and highlights the importance of leaf water potential in reflecting the plant water stress.
ESD Ideas: Climate tipping is not instantaneous – the duration of an overshoot matters
Authors: Ritchie Paul David Longden , Huntingford Chris , Cox Peter
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Climate Tipping Points are not instantaneous upon crossing critical thresholds in global warming, as is often assumed. Instead, it is possible to temporarily overshoot a threshold without causing tipping, provided the duration of the overshoot is short. In this Idea, we demonstrate that restricting the time over 1.5 °C would considerably reduce tipping point risks.
The Modulation of Synoptic Weather Patterns and Human Activities on the Diurnal Cycle of Summertime Canopy Urban Heat Island in Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration, China
Authors: Shi Tao , Yang Yuanjian , Zong Lian , Guo Min , Qi Ping , Lolli Simone
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The pronounced excess urban warming phenomenon during summer in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA) has emerged as a significant challenge to the health and economy of urban residents amidst the accelerating urbanization process. Despite its undeniable importance, few studies have investigated the diurnal variability patterns of the canopy urban heat island (CUHI) in this region from the perspective of synoptic weather patterns (SWP) and human activities. This study integrated multiple source datasets, including meteorological station observations, high-resolution satellite imagery, and reanalysis data, to systematically analyze the diurnal patterns of the CUHII in YRDUA. Using objective classification and a machine learning model, we discovered notable diurnal patterns of CUHI intensity (CUHII), particularly higher levels of CUHII at night compared to day. Further analysis revealed that among six SWPs, type 2, dominated by subtropical high pressure, generated the strongest CUHII, while type 4, influenced by the combined effects of southwestern moisture transport and southward cold air incursions, resulted in the lowest CUHII. Additionally, the study found that key indicators such as landscape percentage (PLAND), largest patch index (LPI) and anthropogenic heat flux (AHF) exhibited an increasing trend over recent years, with higher values in the east and lower in the west, aligning well with the spatio-temporal patterns of the CUHII. These findings collectively confirmed the central roles of SWPs and human activities as the main drivers of CUHI phenomena. Simulations using the RF model further indicated the diurnal asymmetry in the modulation of the CUHI by SWPs and human activities: SWPs exerted a more pronounced influence on day CUHII, while human activities dominated night CUHII. Furthermore, the study delved into the impact mechanisms of heatwave (HW) events on the diurnal cycle of the CUHII. During HW periods, the amplification effect of day CUHII was stronger than night CUHII, and the presence of HW events significantly reduced the diurnal amplitude of the CUHII. In conclusion, this study not only provided scientific insight into the complex driving mechanisms of the CUHI diurnal cycle in YRDUA, but also offered a theoretical foundation for evaluating urban overheating issues and developing effective mitigation strategies.
Spatial development of planar and axisymmetric wakes of porous objects under a pressure gradient: a wind tunnel study
Authors: van der Deijl Wessel , Obligado Martin , Barre Stéphane , Sicot Christophe
Published: October 2024

Abstract. We report an experimental study on the effect of a constant adverse pressure gradient on the spatial evolution of turbulent wakes generated by different objects. A porous disk, designed to mimic the wake of a horizontal axis wind turbine, and a porous cylinder, whose wake matches that of a vertical axis wind turbine, were tested in a wind tunnel for Reynolds numbers (based on the generator diameter) in the range of 2.6 × 105 to 3.9 × 105. Experiments were conducted between 1 and 7 diameters downstream of the disk and from 2 to 12 diameters downstream of the cylinder. We find that the effect of the pressure gradient is significant in all cases, resulting in larger velocity deficits and wider wakes. Moreover, these variations are stronger for the cylinder-generated wake. We also find that current analytical models for wakes evolving in pressure gradients, developed from momentum conservation, satisfactorily fit our data. Our results provide a benchmark case that will contribute to improving energy harvesting in cases where pressure gradients are relevant, such as in wind plants installed over complex topographies and tidal stream generators.
The Experiences of Women Transitioning from Unhoused to Housed in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Aggregation
Authors: Salahi Ghazaleh , Wathen Nadine , Oudshoorn Abe , Dej Erin , Marshall Carrie Anne
Published: October 2024

There are pathways in and out of homelessness that are gender-specific. However, little is known about the range of existing studies on the experiences of women who recently transitioned from homeless to housed in high-income countries. To date, no systematic reviews have brought together qualitative analyses from studies exploring women’s experiences who are re-housed in high-income countries. To fill this gap in existing literature, we performed a systematic review, utilizing the methods described by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) (Lockwood et al., 2020) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (Moher et al., 2010) to understand the meaning and experience of women exiting homelessness in high-income countries. We combined the search terms related to women, homelessness, and housing transitions and deployed them in six databases. Our research yielded 3025 titles and abstracts following the removal of duplicates. After conducting a title and abstract screening, 91 full-text articles remained. 14 articles were deemed to meet pre-established inclusion criteria. Our meta-aggregation revealed four themes generated through our analysis: a) ongoing presence of trauma in women’s lives; b) healing through providing support to others; c) lack of control over circumstances that enable survival; and d) support in housing decreases marginalization. This review deepens knowledge of the current research priorities as well as practical policy and practice strategies that can be utilized to support recently rehoused women to prevent recurrent periods of homelessness and its devastating impacts.
حقوق والتزامات أطراف عقد التداول في سوق المال السعودي (دراسة تحليلية)
Authors:   طالب دكتوراه في كلية الأنظمة والاقتصاد، الجامعة الإسلامية بالمدينة المنورة- المحاضر بقسم القانون في كلية العلوم والدراسات النظرية، الجامعة السعودية الإلكترونية، المملكة العربية السعودية, بيبه عبد الله
Published: October 2024

يسلط هذا البحث الضوء على الحقوق والالتزامات التي أقرها المنظم السعودي في عقد التداول للمستثمرين ومؤسسات السوق في السوق المالية السعودية، ويُعدُّ عقد التداول مِن العقود الملزمة للجانبين، والذي يرتب حقوقاً والتزاماتٍ متقابلة على كلٍّ مِن طرفيه، فحقوق أحد أطرافه هي بمثابة التزامات على الطرف الآخر، وبما أن عقد التداول هو حلقة الوصل بَين المستثمر وشركات الوساطة المالية في سوق رأس المال، ومِن خلاله تَقوم مجموعةٌ مِن الحقوق لكلا الطرفين، بينت في هذا البحث الحقوق والالتزامات والآثار المترتبة على ذلك بالنسبة للمستثمرين والوسطاء في السوق المالية السعودية، ومن خلال ذلك كله يحاول الباحث إيجاد توافقٍ وتوازنٍ بين هذه المصالح المشتركة من خلال بيان الحقوق والتزامات على كل طرف، و بيان أساس العلاقة بَين العميل المستثمر و وشركة الوساطة المالية المعبر عنها في السوق السعودي بمؤسسات السوق. أوضحت نتائج البحث أن عملية الوساطة في بيع وشراء الأوراق المالية في سوق المال السعودي مقصورة على شركات الوساطة المالية، ويترتب على اكتساب الشركة لصفة الوسيط في سوق المال السعودي جملة من الالتزامات المهمة تجاه المستثمر، أن المنظم السعودي حرص على عدم ترك فراغ قانوني في تنظيم العلاقة بين أطراف عقد التداول، أن المسؤولية المدنية في سوق المال السعودي تقوم إذا توفرت أركانها وهي الخطأ والضرر والعلاقة السبيبة، ومتى توافرت هذه الأركان قامت المسؤولية ورتبت آثارها المتمثلة في التعويض.