bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Urban Space Able to Affect Community Participation? a Research Proposal between Urban Sociology and Environmental Psychology
Authors: Bottini Luca
Published: July 2017

This paper will deal with the study of the relation between the urban spaces and social phenomena. Today the world is considered as a "global village", where the borders and differences between the places seem to lose their meaning; it would be interesting to ask whether the space is still crucial to understand social phenomena in contemporary societies. This opens the big question that we will try to give an answer: may the space be considered as a variable able to affect social behavior? In last decades sociologists have further increased the interest about this issue, coming to what has been defined “spatial sociology”. In social science we rarely find out researches which try to answer to the key question: how space affects inhabitants? How can we measure this relation? We can insight more and more this very fascinating issue looking at other disciplines. For instance, environmental psychology has developed a long tradition in the identification and measurement of the perception of space by people. This different point of view allow us to deepen the relation within spaces and people, measuring several aspect of the impact of space in individual’s life, such as place attachment, urban quality perceived, and so on. In this paper I will present my PhD’s research project, endorsing the environmental psychological as useful theoretical and methodological framework to study the space-people relation in urban sociology.
The Role of Development of Farmers' Cooperatives
Authors: Pllashniku Mehdi
Published: July 2017

This abstract is a summary of scientific review of the present paper. As new circumstances have been created after the last war in Kosovo, it is of high importance and urgency to create and build a new mentality for the development of Farmers' Cooperatives (FC). The Farmers' Cooperatives have played an important role in the past and they continue to act so, both nationwide and globally. The practice for organization of farmers in their cooperatives of the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) has enabled the creation of a membership of more than 800 million farmers who employ more than 100 million people. Their participation in the supply of the market reaches 33% of the total world production. Farmers' cooperatives are organizations in which farmers retain private ownership of the land. The profit from the cooperatives is of a considerable variety and the practice of such organization has shown its positive effects through strengthening of the farmers and raising their profit, facing the market and creation of a positive business. This is based on the opinion of a number if scientists of this field. They divide the farmer' profit in direct and indirect type. As far as Kosovo is concerned, the development of farmers' cooperatives is delayed although the necessary legislation (the Law on Cooperatives) is applied. On that basis the conditions for strengthening the role of the farmers is of high urgency. This paper consists of two parts: In the first part the respective legislation of Kosovo in relation to the role of farmers' cooperatives is going to be presented. The second part presents the conditions for establishment, rights, duties and statics of the farmers' cooperatives. In this paper is analysed the role of development of farmers' cooperatives in general. At the end, a summary of the above will be presented in analytical form, including recommendations and conclusions.
Demographic aging of population and the social protection system in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Dimitrijoska Suncica , Trbojevik Svetlana , Ilievski Vladimir
Published: July 2017

The process of demographic aging has been observed in many of the European countries as well as in the Republic of Macedonia. Based on the UN projections for participation of the elderly in the Republic of Macedonia, it is expected that the number of elderly persons at the age group older than 60 years will increase from 16.5% in 2009 to 33.0% in 2050 and for the elderly aged over 80 years from 2% in 2009 to 6.8% in 2050.This process affects almost all segments of society, but its impact is particularly evident on the system of pension insurance, healthcare as well as on social protection. Adopted international documents and harmonisation with national legislation lead to complete transformation of the system of social protection of the elderly. New scientific knowledge, changes of economic conditions and demographic realities lead to introduction of new social protection principles such as pluralism, decentralization, and inclusion.This paper analyzes both international and national legal framework of social protection of elderly through the segments of introduced innovations, with special emphasis on the rights and services as well as on the assessment of the development of social services in accordance to the needs of elderly people, their availability and efficiency in meeting of individual needs of elderly. Expansion of the programs and implementation of the new scheme of social protection in the area of elderly care represents a convergence to the concept of active aging and to the holistic approach in the process of planning and provision of social services.
Friendly Relationships among Youths
Authors: Vögeli Alma , Ruçi Ada
Published: July 2017

This study will be focused on a very important social relationship that is friendship. Humans are social being and are born to be socialized with others. Isolation and solitude is not its characteristic. Friendship refers to a close and personal relationship, the care with its attributes such as: reciprocity, common choices, trust, openness and loyalty. Circumstances affect the types of friendship at youth age or early adulthood. (Adams and Blieszner, 1996). Friendly relationships in high school are based upon interests is the hypothesis this study will be based on.Subjects that will be part of this study are youths. The study is conducted among students of the State University of Tirana. 50% of selected subjects study at social-oriented departments and the other 50% study at science-oriented departments. The selected methodology is quantitative. The type of systematic randomized sampling is used on this study. The hypothesis this study was based on resulted to be true. The study proved that friendships at faculty are based upon interests. The primary interest where the friendship relationships are based includes interests related directly to school. The main subjects resulted to be the free time spent together and doing the homework together. The females resulted to be more sociable, as the major number of students has mostly female friends within their close friendship circle. Students socialize with individuals that meet their economic state, expectations in school grades and personal characteristics. Reciprocity in friendship relationships while at faculty is very important and males value it more than females.
The Impacts of Turkish TV Serials Broadcasted in Albania on Albanian and Turkish Relations
Authors: Balaban Adem
Published: July 2017

Films and TV series are important means in transferring one nation's values to other nations. In recent years, Turkish TV series have been broadcasted in the Middle East and the Balkans. They are also very popular in Albania. These TV series play a role in presenting Turkey, the Turkish culture and the language in these regions. Turkish culture through these TV series has an impact on the culture of these regions and transfers some cultural values to the cultures of these countries. In Albania, around 10 Turkish soap operas have been broadcasted such as: "Silver, Ezel, Karadayi, Suleiman the Magnificent". These TV series that people are very interested in are highly rated and that is increasing day by day. Turkish cultural values in these series have an effect on Albanians. In this study, the impacts of Turkish culture in these series, on the Albanians and Albanian culture are investigated. It is also discussed the cultural dimension of TV series besides the political, commercial and educational dimensions. Our study is based on a survey; a questionnaire consisting of 17 questions was conducted in Tirana, capital city of Albania. The answers are evaluated and analyzed in terms of cultural, political and commercial and educational dimensions. This study is important in terms of revealing Turkish culture and its impacts in Albania, the role of this series and the evolving relationship of the two nations.
Innovation Journalism: The New Way of the Media Developmen
Authors: Bulatova Madina , Beysenkulov Ayazbi
Published: July 2017

The article is dedicated to the innovative journalism, directed to incorporation of the media in the innovation process in order to highlight and explain the essence of intellectual economy, the consequence of which is the increasement of essence of innovation understandingin society. The formation of innovative economy in the world in the second half of the XX century caused the emergence of a unique communication area: between the scientific community, business and government. The main purpose of communication is to organize dialogue between all participants of the innovation space, promotion of innovation as a key factor for sustainable development of competitive state and society.The dynamic development of the social, scientific and technical and economic sphere, the emergence of the new knowledge and technology on the same level with the increasement of the information flow modifies journalism. Even today, scholars fix signs of the restructuring media-information space on a planetary scale, which is connected with the global competition between traditional and online media. Such competition leads to a series of epochal changes in the activities of international and national newspapers and magazines, radio and television, news agencies and the press centers. Undoubtedly, all these factors contribute to the emergence and the development of innovation journalism, which in many ways is more multifaceted than its traditional counterpart.
Creative Functions as a Tool of City Space Revival - Case Study of Spa City in Wielkopolska Region
Authors: Pazder Dominika
Published: July 2017

In the paper author presents the idea of a spa area reactivation through the implementation of creative functions. Innovation and creativity seem to be a tool to revive and activate public space of a spa city. It is to underline the existing spatial values and to promote a new usage of a public space owing to a touristic offer widening. In the article there is presented a study example of spa city in Wielkopolska region.
Correlations Between Atherosclerosis and Stroke –Can We Predict It?
Authors: Ionescu Ana Maria , Muflic Lucian , Carciumaru Nicolae , Mustafa Alef , Sîrbu Rodica
Published: July 2017

Although, atherosclerosis is a risk factor for stroke, there are many questions about this relationship. Stroke remains the major cause of disability and death, and atherosclerosis is responsible for 15-20 % of strokes. Moreover, atherosclerosis is not likely to play a direct role in cardioembolic infarction, intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage. This study aimed to elucidate how the presence of carotid atherosclerosis influenced the occurance of stroke and also how it interacted with other risk factors for stroke. Is it possible to make predicttions about it?
Barriers to Learning, Achievement, Institutional Identities and Professionalization
Authors: Aparicio Miriam
Published: July 2017

This study is part of the broader research program on University Quality Assessment. The aim was to go deep into the causes for delay in finishing studies in Argentina. This brings about a problem at the institutional and personal levels (disappointment, depression, frustration,…). In 1995 the Department of University Polices called for a contest to analyze the Causes for Dropout, and we won it. It had been preceded by another project (still in progress) dealing with graduates from different faculties. The combination of different factors (basic, personal, occupational, structural, institutional and psychosocial ones), concerning the 20 years of the UNCuyo and 6 Faculties/Study Courses (1987-2004; N 299 individuals) gradually showed which factors predicted different achievement levels, as well as the strongest underlying reasons of the individuals’ courses of action. The quantitative-qualitative method was applied. In this paper, we focus on a motivational factor: Fear of Failure; one of the predictive ones for delay along with others, as it showed differentiated profiles according to Academic Units and Courses of Studies (Disciplinary and institutional identities). The results are very relevant within a context in which delay in studies is quite evident. The intervention and support systems and Professionalization to improve University Quality and the students’ personal and professional achievement are necessary. Then, Performance, Identities and Professionalization comprise macroanalysis (national policies), mesoanalysis (questions differentiated as Academic Units), and microanalysis (individuals who are affected in their personal health and self-fulfillment due to the lack of non-disciplinary programs).
From Culturazing Nature to Naturalizing Culture: The Differing Function of Animal Imagery in Defining Bodies from Homer’s Odysseus to Margaret Atwood’s The Penelopiad
Authors: Tuğlu Begüm
Published: July 2017

Feminist authors have long been trying to alter the patriarchal structure of the Western society through different aspects. One of these aspects, if not the strongest, is the struggle to overcome centuries long dominance of male authors who have created a masculine history, culture and literature. As recent works of women authors reveal, the strongest possibility of actually achieving an equalitarian society lies beneath the chance of rewriting the history of Western literature. Since the history of Western literature relies on dichotomies that are reminiscences of modernity, the solution to overcome the inequality between the two sexes seems to be to rewrite the primary sources that have influenced the cultural heritage of literature itself. The most dominant dichotomies that shape this literary heritage are represented through the bonds between the concepts of women/man and nature/culture. As one of the most influential epics that depict these dichotomies, Homer's Odysseus reveals how poetry strengthens the authority of the male voice. In order to define the ideal "man", Homer uses a wide scope of animal imagery while forming the identities of male characters. Margaret Atwood, on the other hand, is not contended with Homer's poem in that it never narrates the story from the side of women. As a revisionist mythmaker, Atwood takes the famous story of Odysseus, yet this time presents it from the perspective of Penelope, simultaneously playing on the animal imagery. Within this frame, I intend to explore in this paper how the animal imagery in Homer's most renowned Odysseus functions as a reinforcing tool in the creation of masculine identities and how Margaret Atwood's The Penelopiad defies this formation of identities with the aim of narrating the story from the unheard side, that of the women who are eminently present yet never heard.
Adapting Librarians’ Professional Competences to Current Requirements through Initial Education and Lifelong Education
Authors: Tîrziman Elena , Micle Maria
Published: July 2017

The alert pace of technological, information and social development of contemporary society prevent academic programmes of initial education (bachelor, master) in the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) from supplying graduates with enough knowledge and competences to meet the employers’ requirements: this makes lifelong learning indispensable. The initial education and lifelong education options for graduate professional librarians in Romania as stipulated by the specific legislation are bachelor in LIS, bachelor in another professional field plus a master in LIS, bachelor in another field plus competence acquired otherwise than through formal education and assessed based on Occupational Standards as acknowledged by the National Agency for Qualifications. The beneficial effects of lifelong learning are blurred in Romania by the propagation of a traditional, outdated professional profile strongly marked by negative stereotyping and that still keep youth away from a career in the info-documentary field. To well adapt the profession of librarian to the requirements of our society (information technology and globalisation), lifelong learning programmes need to pay attention not only to specific professional competences but also to competences and activities related to institutional internationalisation and adaptation to the multicultural environment, educating the public in the spirit of information literacy, and revitalising the didactics and promotion of reading.
Factor Influencing Depersonalization on Prison Employees
Authors: Pane Marinela
Published: July 2017

The prison staff is a key factor in the progress of the institution which means that their behaviour directly affects the services it provides. Prisons aim serving the sentence and rehabilitation of prisoners. If the employees of the institution will feel tired, stressed, consume professionally then decrease their effectiveness and performance, which has a direct effect on the life of a prisoner. Professionals dehumanized do not help in achieving the final goal of rehabilitation and teaching positive behaviour of prisoners. This study investigates one of three dimensions of burnout, depersonalization. The aim is to measure the level of depersonalization of the prison staff and to identify the factors influencing it. Quantitative research method was used for data collection and analyse. Cristina Maslach Inventory is completed from 290 participants, aiming to measure the level of depersonalization. The study found out that male professionals, divorced, those who work with the target of the men, and an employee who had a great distance from the place of work were more dehumanized. The quality of relationship with superiors and colleagues affects depersonalization. The less level of communication and cooperation in organization the higher is the level of emotional exhaustion, consequently the level of depersonalization is higher. As conclusion the prevalence of depersonalization is evident in prison staff, but in low levels. Dominant factors influencing depersonalization are the quality of relationship with superiors and colleagues.
Small Steps, Giant Leaps: Project-based Learning in a Conservative Educational System. Greek Students’ Views
Authors: Koutrouba Konstantina , Alexaki Lydia-Eleni
Published: July 2017

The present questionnaire-based study examines 170 Greek upper secondary public and private education students’ perceptions about the factors that facilitate or undermine project-based learning within the framework of the highly conservative Greek educational system, about the cognitive, affective and social skills they developed during the carrying-out of project procedures, and about the levels of satisfaction they experienced during their cooperation with their supervising teachers. According to the results, project-based learning is more effectively implemented in private schools due to infrastructure provided, due to effective coordination of well-defined and pre-planned activities, and due to higher levels of teachers’ professional commitment and students’ learning objectives and expectations. The research also shows that project-based learning, even when embedded in and restricted by traditional educational environments, is considered to produce higher academic attainments for low-achievers, and to facilitate the development of high-ranked cognitive and social skills through students’ involvement in real-life situations, and active participation in problem-solving and decision-making procedures. It also indicates that for the majority of the participants the role of the supervising teacher is crucial since s/he defines the rules of communication, the techniques and the stages of the project carrying-out, and the assessment procedures. It finally shows that Greek students, despite apparent satisfaction experienced due to their participation in project procedures, remain skeptical as regards traditional teachers’ ability to assess reliably group performance, to provide effectively individualized assistance to low-performing group members, and to encourage high-achievers who have never before worked in unfamiliar learning situations.
German Political Foundations in Central Asia: Promoting Democracy Through Civil Society
Authors: Pierobon Chiara
Published: July 2017

The paper offers a critical analysis on the role of German political foundations as actors in democracy assistance and is aimed at detecting similarities and divergences in their operation with the civil society of the region. To this end, the article investigates the concrete programs implemented by two major German foundations – the Friedrich Ebert Foundation (FES) and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation (KAS) - in Central Asia, with emphasis on the specific case study of Kyrgyzstan.
Protecting Oak Flat: Narratives Of Survivance As Observed Through Digital Activism
Authors: Parkhurst Nicholet Deschine
Published: July 2017

American Indians are increasingly using social media/social network platforms as a tool to influence policy through social change. The activist group Apache Stronghold represents a case of American Indians utilising social media tools to protect Oak Flat and influence federal Indian policy. Oak Flat is sacred Apache land located in Superior, Arizona. United States legislators transferred Oak Flat to the mining company Resolution Copper as part of the omnibus National Defense Authorization Act of 2015. Qualitative analysis of social media content and advocacy tactics – specifically through use of timeline and digital ethnography – of Apache Stronghold from 2015-2016 reveal the interrelated nature of on-the-ground efforts, online efforts, solidarity efforts, and legislative support efforts. In sum, these efforts express narratives of survivance, healing, and a future orientation, as a unique dimension of social change.
‘Go Cry Over Someone Else’s Tragedy’: The YouTube Activism of The 1491s
Authors: Berglund Jeff
Published: July 2017

This article examines the activist role played by the comedy troupe, The 1491s, in social media spaces, particularly on YouTube. Since 2009 The 1491s have used the positive energy of comedy to galvanise others, with a particular emphasis on shaping the ways Indigenous peoples are seen, how Indigenous peoples see themselves, and how changes might lead Indigenous people to think critically about the conditions under which they are living. In addition to examining their comedic output, this article discusses the videos which honour Indigenous resilience and advocate for political causes; these efforts are also supported by their production infrastructure and disseminated via their YouTube channel. Strategically disseminating their videos to a global audience through YouTube, The 1491s should be seen as a major force in social change, inspiring Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences alike, many of whom interact and form a core fanbase despite being separated by time and space.
Pricing and Reliability Enhancements in the San Diego, California, Activity-Based Travel Model
Authors: Dhakar Nagendra , Freedman Joel , Bradley Mark , Sun Wu
Published: July 2017

The estimation of demand for priced highway lanes is becoming increasingly important to agencies seeking to improve mobility and find alternative revenue sources for the provision of transportation infrastructure. However, many modeling tools fall short of what is required for robust estimates of demand with respect to toll and managed lanes in two key areas: the value of time is often aggregate and not consistently defined throughout the model system, and the reliability of transport infrastructure is rarely considered. This paper describes an effort that implemented recommendations of the Strategic Highway Research Program on pricing and reliability within a regional activity-based modeling system for the San Diego, California, region. The implemented recommendations included distributed travel time sensitivities across the synthetic population and special travel markets, continuous cost sensitivity on the basis of income, and multiple value of time bins in highway skimming and assignment. The work also included innovative research related to the analysis of travel time variability on the basis of a temporally disaggregate (1-min interval) data set of automobile travel speeds for most automobile links in the San Diego network for the month of October 2012. Regression equations that related the travel time reliability to link characteristics, incorporated reliability in automobile travel skims, incorporated those skims in the travel demand model system, and calculated toll elasticity on toll roads in San Diego County were estimated. The enhanced model matched observed toll demand better than the original model. Resulting elasticity values were generally found to be in the ranges reported in the literature.
Joint Discrete-Continuous Model of Travel Mode and Departure Time Choices
Authors: Shabanpour Ramin , Golshani Nima , Derrible Sybil , Mohammadian Abolfazl (Kouros) , Miralinaghi Mohammad
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a cluster-based joint modeling approach to investigating heterogeneous travelers’ behavior toward trip mode and departure time choices by considering those choices as a joint decision. First, a two-step clustering algorithm was applied to classify travelers into six distinct clusters to account for the heterogeneity in their decision-making behavior. Then, a joint discrete-continuous model was proposed for each cluster, in which the travel mode and departure time were estimated by a multinomial logit and a log-linear regression model, respectively. These two models were jointly estimated with a copula approach. For an investigation of the performance of the proposed approach, its results were compared with an aggregate joint model on all nonclustered observations to assess the potential benefits of population clustering. The goodness-of-fit measures and prediction accuracy results demonstrated that the proposed cluster-based joint model significantly outperformed the aggregate joint model. Further, the variations in the estimated parameters of different clusters indicated significant behavioral differences across clusters. Hence, the proposed cluster-based joint model, while offering higher accuracy, possesses a significant potential for transportation policy making because it has the capability to target different types of travelers on the basis of their decision-making behavior.
Enhancing the Meaningfulness of Work for Astronauts on Long Duration Space Exploration Missions
Authors: Britt Thomas W. , Sytine Anton , Brady Ashley , Wilkes Russ , Pittman Rebecca , Jennings Kristen , Goguen Kandice
Published: July 2017

INTRODUCTION: Numerous authors have identified the stressors likely to be encountered on long duration space exploration missions (e.g., to Mars), including the possibility of significant crises, separation from family, boredom/monotony, and interpersonal conflict. Although many
authors have noted that meaningful work may be beneficial for astronauts on these missions, none have detailed the sources of meaningful work for astronauts and how these sources may differ between astronauts. The present article identifies how engagement in meaningful work during long duration
missions may mitigate the adverse effects of demands and increase the potential for benefits resulting from the missions.METHOD: Semistructured interviews were conducted with nine NASA personnel, including astronauts, flight directors, and flight surgeons. Questions addressed sources
of meaning for astronauts, characteristics of tasks that enhance vs. detract from meaning, and recommendations for enhancing meaning.RESULTS: Personnel mentioned contributing to humanity and the next generation, contributing to the mission, and exploration as the most meaningful
aspects of their work. Characteristics of tasks that enhanced meaning included using a variety of skills, feeling personal control over their schedule, autonomy in the execution of tasks, and understanding the importance of the experiments conducted on the mission. Top recommendations to sustain
meaning were insuring social needs were met through such activities as the strategic use of social media, giving astronauts autonomy as well as structure, and conducting training during transit.DISCUSSION: Implications are addressed for tailoring meaning-based interventions for
astronauts participating on long duration missions and assessing the effectiveness of these interventions.Britt TW, Sytine A, Brady A, Wilkes R, Pittman R, Jennings K, Goguen K. Enhancing the meaningfulness of work for astronauts on long duration space exploration missions. Aerosp
Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(8):779–783.
AAA+ Machines of Protein Destruction in Mycobacteria
Authors: Thomas Adam Atlas , Dougan David A.
Published: July 2017

The bacterial cytosol is a complex mixture of macromolecules (proteins, DNA, and RNA), which collectively are responsible for an enormous array of cellular tasks. Proteins are central to most, if not all, of these tasks and as such their maintenance (commonly referred to as protein homeostasis or proteostasis) is vital for cell survival during normal and stressful conditions. The two key aspects of protein homeostasis are, (i) the correct folding and assembly of proteins (coupled with their delivery to the correct cellular location) and (ii) the timely removal of unwanted or damaged proteins from the cell, which are performed by molecular chaperones and proteases, respectively. A major class of proteins that contribute to both of these tasks are the AAA+ (ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities) protein superfamily. Although much is known about the structure of these machines and how they function in the model Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, we are only just beginning to discover the molecular details of these machines and how they function in mycobacteria. Here we review the different AAA+ machines, that contribute to proteostasis in mycobacteria. Primarily we will focus on the recent advances in the structure and function of AAA+ proteases, the substrates they recognize and the cellular pathways they control. Finally, we will discuss the recent developments related to these machines as novel drug targets.
Techniques for Accurate Parallax Measurements for 6.7 GHz Methanol Masers
Authors: Reid M. J. , Brunthaler A. , Menten K. M. , Sanna A. , Xu Y. , Li J. J. , Wu Y. , Hu B. , Zheng X. W. , Zhang B. , Immer K. , Rygl K. , Moscadelli L. , Sakai N. , Bartkiewicz A. , Choi Y. K.
Published: July 2017

The BeSSeL Survey is mapping the spiral structure of the Milky Way by measuring trigonometric parallaxes of hundreds of maser sources associated with high-mass star formation. While parallax techniques for water masers at high frequency (22 GHz) have been well documented, recent observations of methanol masers at lower frequency (6.7 GHz) have revealed astrometric issues associated with signal propagation through the ionosphere that could significantly limit parallax accuracy. These problems displayed as a “parallax gradient” on the sky when measured against different background quasars. We present an analysis method in which we generate position data relative to an “artificial quasar” at the target maser position at each epoch. Fitting parallax to these data can significantly mitigate the problems and improve parallax accuracy.
The Star Blended with the MOA-2008-BLG-310 Source Is Not the Exoplanet Host Star
Authors: Bhattacharya A. , Bennett D. P. , Anderson J. , Bond I. A. , Gould A. , Batista V. , Beaulieu J. P. , Fouqué P. , Marquette J. B , Pogge R.
Published: July 2017

High-resolution Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image analysis of the MOA-2008-BLG-310 microlens system indicates that the excess flux at the location of the source found in the discovery paper cannot primarily be due to the lens star because it does not match the lens–source relative proper motion,

, predicted by the microlens models. This excess flux is most likely to be due to an unrelated star that happens to be located in close proximity to the source star. Two epochs of HST observations indicate proper motion for this blend star that is typical of a random bulge star but is not consistent with a companion to the source or lens stars if the flux is dominated by only one star, aside from the lens. We consider models in which the excess flux is due to a combination of an unrelated star and the lens star, and this yields a 95% confidence level upper limit on the lens star brightness of

and

. A Bayesian analysis using a standard Galactic model and these magnitude limits yields a host star mass of

and a planet mass of

at a projected separation of

au. This result illustrates that excess flux in a high-resolution image of a microlens–source system need not be due to the lens. It is important to check that the lens–source relative proper motion is consistent with the microlensing prediction. The high-resolution image analysis techniques developed in this paper can be used to verify the WFIRST exoplanet microlensing survey mass measurements.
MHD Simulations of the Eruption of Coronal Flux Ropes under Coronal Streamers
Authors: Fan Yuhong
Published: July 2017

Using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, we investigate the eruption of coronal flux ropes underlying coronal streamers and the development of a prominence eruption. We initialize a quasi-steady solution of a coronal helmet streamer, into which we impose at the lower boundary the slow emergence of a part of a twisted magnetic torus. As a result, a quasi-equilibrium flux rope is built up under the streamer. With varying streamer sizes and different lengths and total twists of the flux rope that emerges, we found different scenarios for the evolution from quasi-equilibrium to eruption. In the cases with a broad streamer, the flux rope remains well confined until there is sufficient twist such that it first develops the kink instability and evolves through a sequence of kinked, confined states with increasing height until it eventually develops a “hernia-like” ejective eruption. For significantly twisted flux ropes, prominence condensations form in the dips of the twisted field lines due to runaway radiative cooling. Once formed, the prominence-carrying field becomes significantly non-force-free due to the weight of the prominence, despite having low plasma β. As the flux rope erupts, the prominence erupts, showing substantial draining along the legs of the erupting flux rope. The prominence may not show a kinked morphology even though the flux rope becomes kinked. On the other hand, in the case with a narrow streamer, the flux rope with less than one wind of twist can erupt via the onset of the torus instability.
High-resolution Statistics of Solar Wind Turbulence at Kinetic Scales Using the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
Authors: Chasapis Alexandros , Matthaeus W. H. , Parashar T. N. , Fuselier S. A. , Maruca B. A. , Phan T. D. , Burch J. L. , Moore T. E. , Pollock C. J. , Gershman D. J. , Torbert R. B. , Russell C. T. , Strangeway R. J.
Published: July 2017

Using data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) and Cluster missions obtained in the solar wind, we examine second-order and fourth-order structure functions at varying spatial lags normalized to ion inertial scales. The analysis includes direct two-spacecraft results and single-spacecraft results employing the familiar Taylor frozen-in flow approximation. Several familiar statistical results, including the spectral distribution of energy, and the sale-dependent kurtosis, are extended down to unprecedented spatial scales of ∼6 km, approaching electron scales. The Taylor approximation is also confirmed at those small scales, although small deviations are present in the kinetic range. The kurtosis is seen to attain very high values at sub-proton scales, supporting the previously reported suggestion that monofractal behavior may be due to high-frequency plasma waves at kinetic scales.
Les conditions du lien d’identification mère-enseignante dans les situations de handicap de l’enfant
Authors: Thouroude Laurence
Published: July 2017

La relation mère-enseignante est une relation à risque de conflit sur le terrain de l’école maternelle, a fortiori lorsque l’enfant scolarisé est en situation de handicap. C’est pourtant dans ces situations que le lien éducatif est d’autant plus nécessaire pour l’enfant. Nous avons cherché à identifier les conditions d’instauration du lien mère-enseignante, dans un contexte fortement marqué par des enjeux identificatoires et narcissiques. À partir d’entretiens de recherche réalisés auprès d’enseignantes de maternelle et de mères d’enfants handicapés scolarisés, nous avons analysé les propos qui montrent l’échec des processus d’identification dans la rencontre (manque d’entre-deux) ou au contraire la réussite de ces processus (présence de l’entre-deux). L’entre-deux désigne un espace de points communs et de points de rencontre, en référence au concept de Daniel Sibony (1991). L’entre-deux ne peut exister que si chacun des deux partenaires sait mettre à distance les enjeux narcissiques au profit du lien. Entre les mères et les enseignantes, le lien d’identification participe de la mise à distance du narcissisme, et inversement la mise à distance du narcissisme permet au lien de perdurer, dans un effet de spirale.
Les propositions physiocratiques de Lemercier de la Rivière (1719-1801) pour une instruction au service du politique
Authors: Herencia Bernard
Published: July 2017

Cet article fait le point sur les principes d’instruction publique élaborés par Lemercier de la Rivière, le plus politique des physiocrates, ce groupe d’intellectuels qui, autour du docteur François Quesnay, va constituer la première école de pensée économique dans la seconde moitié du XVIII e siècle. L’instruction est alors au cœur de leurs projets politiques et économiques.
Sur l’épistémologie de la recherche en histoire des pratiques pédagogiques de terrain en éducation physique et sportive
Authors: Auvray Emmanuel
Published: July 2017

L’historiographie de l’éducation physique et sportive (EPS) montre que les pratiques pédagogiques de terrain sont encore méconnues pour de multiples raisons qui tiennent notamment à la disponibilité, à la nature et aux traitements des sources mobilisées pour formaliser cette histoire qui « reste à faire ». Or cette histoire permet de lever le voile sur la manière dont les enseignants d’EPS ont appliqué au quotidien le curriculum prescrit. Toutefois, l’écriture historique des pratiques pédagogiques effectives est complexe à plus d’un titre dans la mesure où elle repose sur différents types d’acteurs connus (leaders ou non) ou anonymes et diverses sources indiciaires, à analyser, entre les archives imprimées, orales, iconographiques et filmiques. Cette étude épistémologique sur l’écriture historique des pratiques pédagogiques effectives chez différents niveaux d’acteurs de terrain de l’EPS a pour objectifs d’identifier, tout en les critiquant, les corpus mobilisés, les modes de production de la connaissance, les fondements de cette connaissance ainsi que la dynamique de cette production afin de déterminer leur origine logique, leur valeur et leur portée objective. Ce travail repose sur l’analyse des principaux travaux universitaires ayant pour objet l’histoire des pratiques professorales effectives en EPS chez les acteurs de terrain anonymes, connus ou leaders. Force est de constater que ces recherches sont relativement disparates et hétérogènes.
Hiérarchisation des conceptions du professeur d’EPS chez des formateurs en STAPS : rationalité et hésitation vis-à-vis des savoirs à transmettre
Authors: Alanbagi Youcef , Carlier Ghislain , Collard Luc , Fantoni Corinne
Published: July 2017

La formation des enseignants d’EPS est marquée historiquement par les tensions entre les orientations professionnelles et universitaires depuis la création des UER EPS. Elle est l’objet de débats entre savoirs théoriques et savoirs pratiques. Cet article aborde de façon originale la formation des professeurs d’EPS au Certificat d’aptitude au professorat d’EPS (CAPEPS) du point de vue des formateurs STAPS. À partir de la théorie mathématique de Condorcet, nous décryptons leurs réponses de formateurs impliqués dans ces masters en STAPS. Il s’agit d’y vérifier une cohérence éventuelle en ce qui concerne la définition du professeur d’EPS, au sortir de sa formation diplômante. Cette recherche montre que la formation initiale relève d’un compromis entre discours scientifique et formation pratique, c’est-à-dire entre les tenants d’une préparation exclusivement centrée sur la réussite des épreuves du concours et les partisans d’une formation professionnalisante, soit entre la transmission de savoirs scientifiques et celle des gestes professionnels.
Influence des représentations culturelles dans l’apprentissage de la nage à Paris et Canton
Authors: Schwob Valérie , During Bertrand
Published: July 2017

Cet article a pour objet de montrer que les représentations culturelles influencent la transmission d’une technique du corps (Mauss) : l’apprentissage de la nage. Nous avons mis en évidence l’existence de représentations culturelles de l’eau. Celles-ci participent à l’enseignement de la nage en Chine et en France. La méthodologie employée pour cette recherche s’appuie sur une approche comparative de l’enseignement de techniques du corps (Mauss, 1950) au travers de questionnaires, d’entretiens et d’observations. L’originalité de ce propos repose sur la démarche d’un questionnement culturel des apprentissages moteurs. Ceux-ci sont généralement abordés dans leurs aspects techniques, et non pas au regard d’un vécu culturel et des représentations. Pourtant, l’influence de la mondialisation des techniques sportives (Terret, 2011) sur les pratiques physiques interroge la spécificité des pratiques culturelles. En natation, les positionnements culturel et éducatif reflètent les représentations singulières.
Modelling the Impact of Administrative Access Controls on Technical Access Control Measures
Authors: Yaokumah Winfred
Published: July 2017

Almost all computing systems and applications in organizations include some form of access control mechanisms. Managing secure access to computing resources is an important but a challenging task, requiring both administrative and technical measures. This study examines the influence of administrative access control measures on technical access control mechanisms. Based on the four access control clauses defined by ISO/IEC27002, this study develops a model to empirically test the impact of access control policies on systems and applications control activities. The study employs Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to analyze data collected from 223 samples through a survey questionnaire. The results show that the greatest significant impact on applications and systems access control measures is through access control policies mediated by users' responsibilities and accountability and user access management activities. But the direct impact of access control policies on applications and systems access control measures is not significant.
A “redescoberta” do maior mercado de escravos do Brasil: modos de usar
Authors: Jordão Rogério Pacheco
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2016v13n1p38Em janeiro de 2011, em um expressivo achado arqueológico na zona portuária da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, foram encontradas as pedras do cais por onde desembarcaram centenas de milhares de escravos africanos a serem vendidos no antigo mercado do Valongo, tido como o maior do gênero no Brasil nos séculos XVIII e XIX. Soterrado e “esquecido” no tecido urbano carioca por quase dois séculos, o Valongo se transforma, em 2012 (agora como monumento), em ponto de um Circuito Histórico e Arqueológico da Celebração da Herança Africana, no contexto de uma ampla reforma urbanística da área portuária, o Projeto Porto Maravilha. Este ensaio é um convite à reflexão sobre a restauração (o velho transformado em novo) de um espaço urbano associado ao passado escravista brasileiro. Questiona a respeito de como e por quem a história do país foi e é configurada - seus modos de usar.
Vida na natureza para alunos do Ginásio Santa Catarina: o piquenique como cultura modernizadora em Florianópolis (1906 – 1918)
Authors: Jorge Thiago Perez , Vaz Alexandre Fernandez
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2016v13n1p75Os jesuítas alemães do Ginásio Santa Catarina, instituição inaugurada em Florianópolis em 1906, como parte das estratégias republicanas de modernização do Estado, trouxeram práticas culturais modernizadoras para seus alunos, para a cidade. Entre elas, o piquenique, que este trabalho procura descrever e analisar. As fontes mobilizadas (1906-1918) foram os relatórios anuais, fotografias de seu acervo e os diários dos padres prefeitos, jornais da época. Propomos a construção interdisciplinar do objeto piquenique a partir da vida na natureza: corpo, comidas, brincadeiras, atividade física, banho de mar. A invenção do Pic Nic como atividade de lazer permite, a partir dos elementos da cultura germânica, a apropriação de espaços da natureza ambiental da Ilha de Santa Catarina, promovendo a civilização da cidade a partir da emergência de práticas corporais atravessadas por elementos de jogo e alimentação. Isso se dá em contraste com outras práticas de piquenique da elite local, por sua vez, menos ativa.
Mulheres e lutas políticas: conquistas e limites vividos na segunda metade do Século XX
Authors: Carvalhaes Flávia Fernandes de , Mansano Sonia Regina Vargas
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2016v13n2p141A segunda metade do século XX foi um período marcado por conquistas e retrocessos importantes no campo das lutas pelos direitos femininos. O presente estudo mapeou e descreveu parte dos discursos, imagens e movimentos empreendidos naquele período histórico bem como seus efeitos sobre a vida da população. Adotando uma perspectiva de análise histórica e teórica, a descrição debruçou-se, primeiramente, sobre as lutas realizadas em alguns países da Europa e nos Estados Unidos, evidenciando seus principais desafios e dificuldades. Em seguida, mapearam-se as lutas empreendidas no Brasil, tendo como eixo de análise o enfrentamento das desigualdades. Ao final, considera-se que as lutas políticas realizadas no período analisado tiveram como maior mérito o rompimento e a exploração das fronteiras de gênero.