bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLN5 deficiency impairs glucose uptake in Batten disease
Authors: Marchese Maria , Bernardi Sara , Vivarelli Rachele , Doccini Stefano , Santucci Lorenzo , Ogi Asahi , Licitra Rosario , Zang Jingjing , Soliymani Rabah , Mero Serena , Neuhauss Stephan CF , Signore Giovanni , Lalowski Maciej M. , Santorelli Filippo M.
Published: January 2025

CLN5 disease, a form of juvenile dementia within the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), is associated with mutations in theCLN5gene encoding the lysosomal bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) synthase, essential for BMP production and lysosomal function. Limited knowledge of cellular mechanisms and unclear drug targets hinder translating this to children’s treatment, which remains symptomatic. We developed and characterized a newcln5knock-out zebrafish model that replicates key features and molecular signatures of the human disease. Loss of Cln5 functionin vivoaltered axonal growth of retinal ON-bipolar cells revealing new disease features. Additionally, multi-omic analyzes at different developmental stages, revealed an impaired glucose metabolism as an original finding in NCL. This work demonstrates the profound metabolic impact of CLN5 dysfunction, offering a promising avenue toward targeted therapies for juvenile dementia.
Ether Rhodamines with Enhanced Hydrophilicity, Fluorogenicity, and Brightness for Super-Resolution Imaging
Authors: Fang Xiangning , Qiao Qinglong , Li Zhifeng , Li Hao-Kai , Chen Jie , Xu Ning , An Kai , Jiang Wenchao , Tao Yi , Bao Pengjun , Zhang Yinchan , Wu Zhimin , Liu Xiaogang , Xu Zhaochao
Published: January 2025

Rhodamine dyes are widely used fluorophores in super-resolution fluorescence imaging due to their exceptional optical properties and “aggregation-disaggregation” induced fluorogenic activation. However, their excessive lipophilicity often reduces brightness in aqueous environments and causes off-target staining, limiting their effectiveness in high-resolution imaging. To address these challenges, we introduce an ether-decorated N-terminal modification strategy for rhodamine and silicon-rhodamine (Si-rhodamine), replacing conventional N-alkyl groups. The ether chains enhance water solubility, decrease aggregate size, and improve fluorogenicity across a wide concentration range. Their flexible, hydrophilic structure forms a protective shield around the xanthene core, minimizing dye-water interactions and reducing fluorescence quenching. Additionally, the inductive effect of the ether chains decreases the electron-donating strength of the amino groups, suppressing quenching caused by twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT). These modifications collectively increase the quantum yields ofERandESiRin water from 0.35 and 0.19 (for tetraethyl-substituted analogs) to 0.70 and 0.41, respectively. Probes derived fromERandESiRexhibit outstanding fluorogenicity, enhanced signal-to-noise ratios, and improved resolution in complex aqueous environments, demonstrating superior performance in advanced super-resolution imaging techniques such as structured illumination microscopy (SIM), stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, and single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). This work introduces an innovative strategy for fluorophore design, offering significant advancements for super-resolution imaging applications.
Multicontact statistics distinguish models of chromosome organization
Authors: Harju Janni , Messelink Joris J. B. , Broedersz Chase P.
Published: January 2025

Chromosome organization can be modeled using various approaches, ranging from mechanistic bottom-up models to models inferred directly from experimental data. Many such models can recapitulate experimental Hi-C data for pairwise contact probabilities, meaning that these data cannot always be used to distinguish different models. Here, we consider two illustrative example models for bacterial chromosome organization: one a bottom-up model for loop extrusion, the other a data-driven maximum entropy model inferred from Hi-C data. We find that despite predicting similar pairwise contact frequencies, the models predict qualitatively different features on three-point contact maps. We explain these differences by constructing analytical approximations for three-point contact probabilities in each model. Finally, we apply our analytical approximations to previously published experimental multicontact data from human chromosomes, and find that these data are well described by the loop extruder approximation. Our work illustrates how multicontact statistics can be used to compare and test models for chromosome organization.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
FAIR data – the photon and neutron communities move together towards open science
Authors: Murphy B. M. , Götz A. , Gutt C. , McGuinness C. , Rønnow H. M. , Schneidewind A. , Deledda S. , Pietsch U.
Published: January 2025

The topic of data storage, traceability, and data use and reuse in the years following experiments is becoming an important topic in Europe and across the world. Many scientific communities are striving to create open data by the FAIR principles. This is a requirement from the European Commission for EU-funded projects and experiments at EU-funded research infrastructures (RIs) and from many national funding agencies. This is challenging for users of large-scale RIs such as neutron, photon, synchrotron and free-electron laser facilities. Users of photon and neutron (PaN) RIs employ a wide range of scattering, imaging and spectroscopic methods investigating the behaviour of matter with a broad scientific base across physics, chemistry and biology, including engineering, environmental, cultural heritage and medical applications. They produce large data volumes of up to 1 PByte per day in some cases. To ensure all these data are FAIR requires an enormous effort from PaN RIs. It requires not only the expansion of data storage capacity, but also the development and deployment of software for effective data storage, metadata schemes and implementation of effective data pipelines at each individual experiment across RIs. FAIR data also affect the carbon footprint related to large amounts of data and raise questions related to user authentication, rights of access and cyber security. The RIs alone cannot achieve such a transformational process. For successful open science, cooperation of the user communities is essential as they need to create and utilize existing tools to deliver FAIR data. In this white paper, the European PaN community outline and discuss the role and responsibilities of the users and RIs and their common accountability to achieve FAIR data. This paper shall serve as a starting point for a common user and RI approach on the European scale to achieve FAIR data.
The impact of gender diversity on dividend distribution policy for French SBF companies: a panel quantile regression approach
Authors: Mrad Mouna , Kacem Manel
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between the characteristics of the board of directors and the distribution of dividends. This study specifically examines the effect of gender diversity on dividend payout for French SBF companies using panel data.

Design/methodology/approach

This study examines a sample of 70 non-financial French companies from the SBF 120 index from 2011 to 2019. A quantile regression approach is applied to the empirical analysis since it offers a more comprehensive description of the entire conditional distribution of the dividend payout and not only its average as in classical linear regression. The main goal is to investigate whether the impact of gender diversity characteristics varies among the different quantiles of the dividend conditional distribution.

Findings

The findings reveal distinct effects of gender board characteristics on dividend distribution across various levels. Furthermore, this study investigates the nonlinear relationship between female directors and dividend payout. This paper identifies an inverted U-shaped relationship between female directors and dividend payout, which aligns with the critical mass theory.

Research limitations/implications

Quantile regression method offers a better understanding of the impact of female representation at different levels of the distributions of the dividend payout ratio. This surpasses the limitations of simple linear regression models, which focus exclusively on the impact on the mean.

Practical implications

The objective of authorities should extend beyond merely achieving a numerical quota. Instead, they should focus on ensuring a substantial and meaningful representation of women in decision-making positions. This may involve implementing initiatives dedicated to promoting genuine diversity and achieving a balance of skills, experiences and perspectives within governance bodies.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that examines the impact of gender diversity on dividend payout policy for non-financial French companies using the quantile regression technique.
When employees are bullied: a longitudinal multi-study exploration of its consequences in the Indian hospitality industry
Authors: Bansal Suhans , Garg Naval
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to explore the relationship between workplace bullying (WB) and proactive customer service orientation (PCSO). It also examined the mediation effect of workplace conflict (relationship and task conflict) and the combined moderating effect of psychological and social capital on the proposed relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

Longitudinal multi-study research design was used to collect data in three waves. Two studies were administered separately on hotel and restaurant employees. The correlation and hierarchical regression analysis were administered in SPSS. Mediation and multiplicative moderation analysis were conducted using Process macro.

Findings

The study’s findings suggest that WB is negatively associated with PCSO in both studies. Relationship and task conflict significantly mediated the relationship between WB and PCSO. Lastly, the psychological capital and social capital together safeguard the decreasing PCSO of the employees of the Indian hospitality industry due to WB.

Originality/value

There are hardly any studies examining the relationship between WB and PCSO in the Indian context. Further, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous study has either explored the mediation effect of workplace conflict or the combined moderating effect of psychological and social capital on the proposed relationship.
From drought to deluge: the complex impacts of climate change on earthen heritage
Authors: Nakhaei Ashtari Masoud , Della Ventura Giancarlo , Correia Mariana
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to assess climate change impacts on four earthen heritage (EH) sites, highlighting their vulnerability and the need for an integrated approach that considers physical, social and cultural factors.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses a systematic approach to assess climate change impacts on earthen heritage sites. A literature review informed the development of a conceptual model based on climate change risk guidelines and methodologies. The model evaluates site-specific hazards through quantitative and qualitative assessments, considering exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Vulnerability is calculated using a formula that categorizes it into five levels. Data collection included meteorological analysis, field observations and interviews with local experts.

Findings

Findings indicate that climate change has significant consequences for earthen heritage sites, including erosion, structural deterioration and loss of cultural value. The regions of Sistan, Yazd, Persepolis and Tchogha Zanbil are particularly vulnerable due to their specific climatic conditions. Key threats include changes in precipitation patterns, extreme weather events, rising temperatures and water scarcity. Socioeconomic factors like limited conservation resources and inadequate stakeholder communication exacerbate these vulnerabilities. The study highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, effective governance and community engagement to develop comprehensive climate change adaptation strategies.

Originality/value

The article’s originality lies in its systematic assessment of climate change impacts on earthen heritage sites, offering a novel framework that integrates interdisciplinary approaches and site-specific factors.
Conservapedia: problems, principles, mindset and implications for a polarized world
Authors: Luyt Brendan
Published: January 2025

Purpose

In this article, I present an initial examination of Conservapedia; namely, the problems it identified in the Wikipedia project that made a split appear necessary and the principles it claims to follow. I then argue that Conservapedia is characterized by a “law-and-order” mindset. Finally, implications for the continued existence of Conservapedia in a polarized world are presented.

Design/methodology/approach

A content analysis of key Conservapedia documents was conducted.

Findings

The founders of Conservapedia took issue with Wikipedia over its supposed intolerance and inconsistency of thought. They developed a set of principles that attempted to reconcile open-mindedness with efficiency and an extreme point of view on certain subjects. Nevertheless, Conservapedia failed to produce a vibrant community, and its function today is more of a database of alt-right dogma controlled by a core group of supporters.

Originality/value

There has been little scholarly attention paid to the various offshoots of Wikipedia, including Conservapedia. This is unfortunate. These alternative wiki encyclopedias represent knowledge universes of their own and in an increasingly polarized world they are important phenomena to understand.
Decision analysis of the non–adoption of digital Islamic banking by Indonesian consumers: a structured equation modelling approach
Authors: Heriyati Pantri , Nugraha Krisna , Yadav Neeraj , Bismo Aryo
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Use of digital Islamic banking services is not increasing in Indonesia, despite the country’s sizable Islamic population. This non-adoption might have resulted from consumer resistance brought on by attempts to divert them, or it might have been a direct consequence of the diverting effect. This study aims to examine the direct relationship between the diverting effects and the decision to not adopt digital Islamic banking, as well as the mediating role of consumer resistance.

Design/methodology/approach

The partial least squares-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique is used to analyse relationships among diverting effects, consumer resistance and non-adoption decisions. A total of 517 middle- and upper-class Indonesian consumers were involved as a sample, with several criteria such as being a conventional bank customer for at least 5 years and using digital services with a minimum of 5 transactions per month but not yet being an Islamic bank customer.

Findings

It is found that the direct relationship between the diverting effects and the non-adoption decisions is not statistically significant (β = 0.045, p = 0.15). However, it is found that the diverting effects trigger consumer resistance in a statistically significant manner (β = 0.192, p < 0.1). This consumer resistance is found to be influencing non-adoption decisions directly (β = 0.694, p < 0.1), as well as a mediating factor between diverting effects and the non-adoption decisions (β = 0.133, p < 0.1).

Originality/value

The paper deals with an emerging industry and offers actionable insights for its growth. In practice, this study suggests several possible strategies for the Islamic banking industry to grow under circumstances where digital banking is considered sine-qua-non of modern banking. Several related theories are also evaluated in this study.
A customer-oriented method for the location and composition of charging stations based on queue theory
Authors: Tong Huagang , Nie Chaoge , Wang Song
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to propose a customer-oriented method for locating charging stations based on queue theory.

Design/methodology/approach

We first integrate queuing theory with customer satisfaction to analyze the composition of charging stations. Next, we examine both functional and spatial coordination among these stations. Finally, we develop an enhanced genetic algorithm incorporating flying levy and self-adaptive mechanisms.

Findings

Our findings indicate that the customer-oriented approach significantly boosts customer satisfaction. Additionally, improved coordination enhances the feasibility of the charging stations and analyzing the investment payback period contributes to increased profitability.

Originality/value

This research uniquely applies queue theory to the selection of charging stations, explores the dynamics of coordination and investigates the payback period of investments.
The enhancing effects and mechanisms of inositol and choline on antioxidant capacity of vitamin E using model established in mice hepatocytes
Authors: Bai Huasong , Yang Jiayi , Wang Ruixue , Liu Tong , Wang Zhanzhong
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to enhance the bioavailability and antioxidant function of vitamin E (VE) by combining it with inositol and choline, exploring their synergistic effects and underlying mechanisms.

Design/methodology/approach

An oxidative stress model in mouse hepatocytes was established using hydrogen peroxide to assess the antioxidant effects of combined VE, inositol and choline treatments. Cell viability, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were measured to evaluate protective effects. α-Tocopherol (α-T) and α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP) levels were assessed to determine VE bioavailability. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to identify gene expression changes and pathways impacted by the treatment.

Findings

An optimal oxidative stress model was established with 641 µM hydrogen peroxide for 6 h. The combination of 20 µM VE, 1.5 mM inositol and 0.3 mM choline significantly improved cell viability, reduced ROS and MDA levels and increased SOD and CAT activities, indicating enhanced antioxidant protection. In addition, α-T and α-TTP levels were higher with this combination, suggesting improved VE bioavailability. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the treatment modulated key pathways linked to inflammation, cancer and lipid metabolism, particularly impacting interleukin-17 and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling, cytokine interactions and the alcoholic liver disease pathway.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates a novel approach for improving VE’s bioavailability and effectiveness through its combination with inositol and choline, providing insights that could inform antioxidant therapies and liver health interventions.
Relationship between investor attention and stock returns through wavelet analysis
Authors: Lohan Sheenam , Katoch Rupinder
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The stock market plays a crucial role in driving economic growth and maintaining economic vibrancy. A key factor shaping the stock market’s dynamics is investor attention (IA). With the rapid growth of behavioral finance, which offers insights into investor behavior, choices and their impact, there is growing concern among scholars about the influence of IA on global stock markets. This underscores the importance of understanding the intricate relationship between IA and market fluctuations on a global scale.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs the Toda-Yamamoto Granger Causality test and Wavelet Analysis, to investigate the time-frequency varying causal relationships. The study analyzes closing price data for 26 Emerging Stock Markets from January 2004 to June 2022, with IA measured using Google search volume indices based on the highest intensity keywords sourced from Bloomberg, Wordstream and Google Trends.

Findings

The study identifies numerous instances of strong co-movements between IA and stock returns, predominantly occurring over the medium to long term. This suggests that IA plays a significant role in shaping stock market performance, particularly in driving sustained trends that impact long-term returns.

Originality/value

The originality of our study lies in its comprehensive analysis of the varying time–frequency relationships between IA and stock returns across 26 emerging markets, using a robust data set and precise measurement techniques. The results establish the predictive power of IA on market returns covering six different types of crisis, offering novel insights for investors and policymakers in emerging economies.
Work engagement through social exchange mechanisms: does the role of knowledge-sharing behavior matter?
Authors: Almadana Aulia Vidya , Suharnomo Suharnomo , Perdhana Mirwan Surya
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to examine the role of knowledge-sharing behaviors within the relationships between high-performance work systems (HPWS) and feeling trusted in work engagement.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample consisted from 107 employees working in financial services companies in Jakarta, Indonesia, who underwent an acquisition process. In this study, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the associations between HPWS and feelings of confidence in job commitment. In addition, the Sobel test was used to test the mediation effect of knowledge-sharing behavior.

Findings

This study found that HPWS have a positive relationship with work engagement and knowledge-sharing behaviors. Accordingly, the feeling trusted by supervisors has a positive, non-significant impact on knowledge-sharing behavior. Conversely, the feeling trusted by supervisors has a negative, non-significant impact on work engagement. Finally, this study also found that knowledge sharing does not lead to HPWS and feeling trusted does not improve work engagement.

Research limitations/implications

Although this study was conducted in a multicultural country, the analysis of cultural aspects is insufficient analysis. Therefore, future research should consider the cultural aspects to further this form of research.

Practical implications

Organizations should note that human resource management practices through HPWS play an important role in improving positive employee outcomes. In addition, companies through managers should manage their relationships with subordinates to optimize work engagement.

Originality/value

Financial services companies not only conduct a financial business, but also an information business. This paper is one of the quantitative studies that examines the work engagement of employees from financial companies that have gone through an acquisition process.
Impact of the XVII Pacific Games on the National Referral Hospital Emergency Department, Solomon Islands
Authors: Pratt Adelaide , Sale Trina , Sanau Elizabeth , Ramo Jacinta , Phillips Georgina
Published: January 2025

Background

The XVII Pacific Games was held in Honiara, Solomon Islands in 2023 and was attended by competitors from 24 Pacific nations. The National Referral Hospital (NRH) is the sole tertiary hospital and largest emergency department (ED) in the Solomon Islands, located in the capital city, Honiara, and was the designated referral hospital for the Pacific Games.

Objective

This report documents the lessons learnt from supporting a large international sporting event within a resource‐limited health setting, and may help other EDs prepare for similar planned mass gatherings.

Method

Senior staff members at NRH ED collaborated to document their experiences during the Pacific Games, with a focus on the impact of the games on the ED and utilizing a strengths based approach.

Results

NRH ED responded to challenges in preparing for and responding to the demands of the Pacific Games, including strains on staff and physical resources, and logistical, procedural, and governance challenges, whilst capitalising on opportunities for capacity building, cross‐sectoral collaboration, and disaster preparedness.

Conclusion

Planned mass gathering events can provide opportunities for EDs to increase workforce capacity and strengthen systems, but proper preparedness is required to minimise additional strain on already busy departments.
High rate of persistent HPV detection after diagnostic cervical excision in older screen‐positive women
Authors: Gustafson Line Winther , Krog Louise , Sardini Bayan , Tranberg Mette , Petersen Lone Kjeld , Andersen Berit , Bor Pinar , Hammer Anne
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Diagnostic work‐up of older women with a positive cervical cancer screening test is often challenging due to incomplete visualization of the transformation zone. To reduce the risk of missing disease, a diagnostic cervical excision may be performed. However, little is known on treatment efficacy and post‐treatment surveillance for older women. We aimed to investigate the proportion of women testing negative for human papillomavirus (HPV) following a diagnostic cervical excision due to an abnormal screening test.

Material and Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study on women aged ≥45 years who were referred for colposcopy due to an abnormal screening test between March 2019 and June 2021. All women had incomplete visualization of the transformation zone and underwent colposcopy and a diagnostic cervical excision at the first visit. Women were followed from date of excision until January 30, 2023. Follow‐up data was retrieved from the Danish Pathology Databank, and baseline characteristics were obtained from medical records. Cox regression was used on interval‐censored data to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios for a negative HPV test after cervical excision, stratified by histology and age.

Results

A total of 100 women underwent a diagnostic cervical excision and had at least one HPV test during follow‐up. Median age was 67.4 years, and median follow‐up time was 2.9 years. At the end of follow‐up, 70% tested HPV negative. Women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse in their excision specimen were more likely to test HPV negative at the first test after cervical excision compared to women with less than cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two, however, not statistically significant (adjusted hazard ratio 1.69, 95% CI 0.92–3.10). Women aged 65–84 years were less likely to test HPV negative compared to women <65 years (adjusted hazard ratio 0.49, 95% CI 0.28–0.87).

Conclusions

In older women undergoing a diagnostic cervical excision, 70% tested HPV negative after 2.9 years, leaving 30% with persistent HPV positivity. More studies are needed to determine the risks associated with continued HPV positivity in the absence of high‐grade disease. Furthermore, given the absence of specific guidelines, the optimal surveillance frequency remains unknown.
Featured Cover
Authors: Yin Meimei , Sun Lixiang , Wu Shuai , Ma Jinhang , Zhang Wenlu , Ji Xiaoxuan , Tang Zhichong , Zhang Xiaowei , Yang Yichun , Zhang Xinyuan , Huang Jin‐wen , Zheng Shaoluan , Liu Wen‐jie , Ji Chao , Zhang Ling‐juan
Published: January 2025

The cover image is based on the article TGFβ‐mediated inhibition of hypodermal adipocyte progenitor differentiation promotes wound‐induced skin fibrosis by Ling‐juan Zhang et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.13722.

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The Economic Consequences of Social Unrest: Evidence from Initial Public Offerings
Authors: Barrett Philip , Boulton Thomas J. , Nixon Terry D.
Published: January 2025

Prior research attributes negative stock market performance following episodes of social unrest to elevated uncertainty. However, social unrest does not solely increase uncertainty but separately acts to decrease investor sentiment. To determine which effect dominates, we study initial public offering (IPO) underpricing, which responds differently to changes to uncertainty and investor sentiment. Consistent with the notion that social unrest dampens investor sentiment, we find that first‐day returns are lower during times of greater social unrest. Limits to arbitrage and elevated home‐country bias (strong institutional frameworks) intensify (mitigate) the impact of social unrest on underpricing.
From Wellbeing to Addiction: The Influence of Inclusive Beauty Brands on People With Physical Disabilities
Authors: Nassereddine Yaman , Ramadan Zahy , Farah Maya F.
Published: January 2025

Many industries today acknowledge the unique needs of consumers with physical disabilities. The beauty industry, in particular, has been developing new offerings to cater to this specific market. This study aims to examine the effects of using inclusive beauty products on the psychological wellbeing of people with physical disabilities as well as on brand addiction. The study follows an exploratory qualitative approach. Data were collected from 215 online reviews and in‐depth interviews with 24 consumers with different types of physical disability alongside 14 beauty and marketing experts. The study reveals that psychological wellbeing is the primary motivation for consumers with physical disabilities to use beauty products. However, over time, a strong emotional connection with these brands can form, potentially leading to addictive behaviors. To avoid brand addiction that could harm their emotional and financial wellbeing, beauty companies need to gain deeper insights into their customers, particularly those in vulnerable groups, and focus on creating effective marketing and advertising strategies to raise awareness among them. This research closely aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 10, which aims to create a more inclusive and equitable society.
Core Outcome Set and Unique Outcomes of Nursing Interventions for Women With Lactational Mastitis: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Lv Yun‐Peng , Lin Ke‐Ke , Zhou Fen , Fan Ying‐Yi , Mu Xiao‐Ying , Yuan Ting , Wang Yu‐Xi
Published: January 2025

Aims

To develop the core outcome set and identify unique outcomes for the three stages and five types of nursing interventions, respectively, in lactational mastitis.

Design

A mixed methods study.

Methods

A systematic literature search, four semi‐structured interviews for key stakeholders, two rounds of Delphi surveys and two online consensus meetings were conducted.

Results

Thirty‐one nursing outcomes were derived from the systematic review (literature research from January 2019 to December 2021) and semi‐structured interviews in 2022. Six A‐category nursing outcomes and 19 B‐category nursing outcomes were determined after Dephi survey and provided in consensus meeting in 2023. The consensus meetings resulted in the agreement on seven core outcomes: Pain Level, Breast Establishment: infant, Breast Establishment: maternal, Breast Maintenance, Client satisfaction: care, Sleep, and Family Support during Treatment. Specifically, the unique outcomes for the three stages were identified as Breastfeeding Maintenance, Infection Severity and Wound Healing: Primary Intention, respectively. The unique outcomes for the five interventions included Pain level, Infection Severity, Wound Healing: Primary Intention, Comfort and Knowledge: breastfeeding, respectively.

Conclusion

Based on an evidence‐based, consensus‐driven approach, the core outcome set incorporates the perspectives of key stakeholders. It is recommended that all core outcomes be reported in both lactational mastitis nursing research and clinical quality control and audit. Unique outcomes should be reported based on the stages of lactational mastitis and types of interventions.

Impact

The core outcome set and unique outcomes developed by our study could provide nursing researchers and clinical practitioners with sensitive outcomes for lactational mastitis, while also promoting standardisation. Utilising these outcomes could enhance comparability among studies, reduce reporting bias and promote standardised evaluation of practice effectiveness.

Reporting Method

Findings are reported per Core Outcome Set‐STAndards for Reporting: COS‐STAR Statement.

Patient or Public Contribution

None.

Trial Registration

https://www.comet‐initiative.org/Studies/Details/1650
A Nurse‐Initiated Protocol for Interprofessional Management of Changed Behaviours in Hospital Patients With Dementia and/or Delirium: A Modified e‐Delphi Study
Authors: Graham Frederick A. , Ossenberg Christine , Henderson Amanda
Published: January 2025

Aim

To develop a nurse‐initiated protocol for early ward‐based interprofessional coordination and formulation of person‐centred care plans to assist in point‐of‐care management of behaviour in older patients on general hospital wards.

Design

A modified e‐Delphi method was employed to establish expert consensus.

Method

Multidisciplinary acute‐care experts experienced in hospital care of patients with dementia and/or delirium in Australia were recruited by email from 35 professional networks. Three online survey rounds were planned. The first sought free‐text comments on point‐of‐care practices. The following rounds sought expert ratings for subsequently developed protocol components. The study occurred between January and June 2023.

Results

Fifty‐three experts participated (eight completed all rounds). Existing practices, opportunities and barriers were established in round one (n = 32), informing development of three multicomponent stages: (1) a bundle of bedside care comprising generic person‐centred approaches, (2) a stepped‐care workflow redirecting multidisciplinary teams to adopt an interprofessional approach to formulating individualised behavioural‐care and (3) a one‐page Behaviour Support Plan template. Content Validity Index scores for all items in round two (n = 29) were 0.89–0.96, meeting a priori consensus criteria, and negating the need for a third round.

Conclusion

To improve outcomes for older hospital patients with changed behaviours, a multicomponent protocol for timely interprofessional formulation of point‐of‐care Behaviour Support Plans was established through expert panel consensus.

Impact

Management of patient behaviours has resided almost solely with nursing, ignoring the potential inherent in ward‐based multidisciplinary teams. A pragmatic procedure for initiating early interprofessional support to nurses' management of behaviours may potentially improve care, safety and outcomes for patients and staff alike. Ready for feasibility testing in hospitals, the protocol capitalises on existing multidisciplinary resources.

Reporting Method

The study is reported in accordance with the Guidance on Conducting and Reporting Delphi Studies (CREDES) recommendations.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.
Quantile Regression Estimation for Poisson Autoregressive Models
Authors: Sheng Danshu , Wang Dehui
Published: January 2025

Estimating conditional quantiles plays a crucial role in modern risk management and other various applications. However, the quantile regression (QR) estimation of Poisson autoregressive (PAR) models, count‐type models, remain an unresolved challenge. In this study, we propose a novel approach that employs a jittering smoothing method and a novel transformation strategy to convert this complex problem into an easily implementable quantile regression problem for continuous‐type regression models. The asymptotic theory of the estimator is derived under some regularity conditions and the applications to four popular and classical PAR models are considered. Additionally, a novel ‐step prediction method (‐QRF) is developed to forecast the ‐step conditional distribution. The finite sample performance of the method is examined, and its advantages over existing methods are illustrated by simulation studies and an empirical application to the daily stock volume dataset of Technofirst.
Analyzing the Utilization of Simulation Within Public Health Nursing: A Systematic Review
Authors: Manning Lucas , Pauley Jessica , Koehler Echo
Published: January 2025

Background

Public and community health nursing curriculum falls short in providing an assessment of student achievement through competency‐based education. The aim of this evidence‐based practice research was to demonstrate a lack of simulation use as a pedagogical means for the assessment of student achievement of community/public health nursing competencies (C/PHN) in prelicensure nursing programs.

Sample

A systematic review yielded 10 articles.

Method

Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) was employed for theme analysis of a systematic review. A crosswalk was created aligning themes from the systematic review to the C/PHN core competencies relevant to public health nursing developed by the Quad Council Coalition (QCC) (2018).

Results

Three themes were identified from the systematic review that aligned with five of the eight domains from the C/PHN. Gaps in clinical and curricular exposure to specific public/community health concepts were identified.

Conclusion

Simulation has the potential to incorporate various public health concepts, including those related to social determinants of health.
Transgenic Cynodon dactylon overexpressing CdPIF4 alters plant development and cold stress tolerance
Authors: Xu Xiao , Liu Xiaoyan , Yin Yanling , Fan Shugao , Qi Yunjie , Xing Yiquan , Fu Jinmin
Published: January 2025

Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] is widely used for soil remediation, livestock forage, and as turfgrass for sports fields, parks, and gardens due to its resilience and adaptability. However, low temperatures are critical factors limiting its geographical distribution and ornamental season, even preventing its safe overwintering. PHYTOCHROME‐INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) acts as a hub transcription factor, not only regulating various light responses but also integrating multiple external stimuli to improve plant productivity and architectural adaptation under adverse stress conditions, which makes it potential as a target gene. In this study, we cloned and characterized the CdPIF4 genes in bermudagrass. Expression analysis revealed that it is predominantly expressed in leaves and is regulated by photoperiod and cold stress. Using Agrobacterium‐mediated genetic modification, we successfully generated CdPIF4a‐overexpressing bermudagrass lines. Under cold stress at 4°C, these transgenic plants demonstrated enhanced cold tolerance, as indicated by higher relative water content, reduced membrane damage, and lower levels of lipid peroxidation levels. Photosynthetic analysis revealed that CdPIF4a‐overexpressing plants exhibited higher light energy capture and transfer efficiency at this low temperature, with less energy loss. Additionally, they showed higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower levels of reactive oxygen species levels. The responsive regulation of cold stress‐related genes further validated the role of the CdPIF4a gene in enhancing cold tolerance. This study elucidates that CdPIF4 enhances cold tolerance in bermudagrass through physiological and molecular mechanisms, offering new insights and valuable genetic resources for advancing cold resistance research in bermudagrass and other grass species.
Pediatric Endocrinology Education Among Trainees: A Scoping Review
Authors: Alshammri Fahd , Abdulshakour Muhammed , Chen Lucy , Sheppard Rebekah , Kearney Josie , Petropoulos Jo‐Anne , Bilgic Elif
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Pediatric endocrinology education is a fundamental part of all pediatric endocrinology training. Hence, understanding the current methods used for training learners on skills required and understanding methods or topics that may be underexplored could help improve the quality of training.

Objective

This study aims to explore training and assessment strategies used in pediatric endocrinology training across medical education programs through a scoping review.

Methods

Search strategy was developed with a librarian, and bibliographic databases (e.g., MEDLINE and EMBASE) were searched from January 2005 to July 2024. Pilot screenings ensured consistent inclusion/exclusion decisions among reviewers. Full‐text articles were included if they were related to pediatric endocrinology education and focused on medical learners.

Results

We included 45 of 5814 sources of evidence for data extraction. Majority focused on knowledge of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and diabetes ketoacidosis (N = 18), followed by differences in sex development and pubertal assessment (N = 12). The most frequently used training method was through didactics. Additionally, the most frequently used assessment measures included knowledge tests (N = 25). Also, a limited number of studies targeted obesity (N = 2), gender care (N = 3), thyroid (N = 1) and hypoglycaemia (N = 1), and no studies targeted common topics such as bone health and adrenal insufficiency.

Conclusion

This review reveals the current emphasis on diabetes‐related topics and traditional teaching in pediatric endocrinology education. It suggests a need for more innovative methods, like simulation‐based learning and varied assessment techniques, to better equip trainees. Addressing these gaps can improve trainee confidence, patient care, and health outcomes for children with endocrine disorders.
Tapered quantum cascade lasers with isolated channel emitting at 9 μm
Authors: Wan Chenyang , Lin Yuzhe , Ma Yuan , Ge Lijun , Wang Zixian , Dong Fengxin , Zhou Xuyan , Zhang Jinchuan , Liu Fengqi , Zheng Wanhua
Published: January 2025

We report the improved performance of tapered quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) with a buried heterostructure (BH) operating in a continuous-wave (CW) mode and emitting at 9 μm. The introduction of an isolation channel in the tapered QCL causes the output power decrease more slowly as the driving current changes from the pulsed to CW mode, which is associated with a reduction in thermal resistance. Compared to the Fabry–Pérot structure, the 1° tapered QCL with an isolation channel achieves a horizontal full width at half maximum (FWHM) divergence angle of 25.1°, while the CW mode output power decreases by only 12.02% at 298 K.
Antiphase Trunk Motion Reduces Sway Velocity and Ankle Torque During Quiet Stance
Authors: Creath Robert A. , Venezia Veronica , Hinkley Benjamin , Sharp Niclas , Sciamanna Christopher
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of antiphase trunk motion during quiet stance while maintaining constant visual and support surface conditions. Eyes-open quiet stance trials were performed on a firm support surface while wearing a rigid hip-knee orthotic brace that reduced antiphase trunk motion. Amplitude spectral density, coherence, and cophase were compared for hip-locked, hip-unlocked, and no-brace conditions. Amplitude spectral density calculations showed that trunk and leg sway velocities, and ankle torque (AT) decreased when antiphase trunk sway was allowed. Coherence and cophase estimates identified in-phase trunk-legs sway below 1 Hz and antiphase at higher frequencies. Legs-AT cophase calculations showed that the legs lagged the application of AT at all frequencies, while trunk-AT cophase showed the trunk lagged AT below 1 Hz and led AT at higher frequencies. The results demonstrate that antiphase trunk sway helps reduce sway velocity and AT. Furthermore, the trunk-leading cophase relationship with AT showed that antiphase trunk motion occurred before AT was applied. This implies that antiphase trunk motion facilitates changes in sway direction and helps regulate sway velocity. The results have significant implications for predicting postural control deficiencies due to injury, disease, and aging.
Using Arts-Based Methods to Support Embodied Research With Children and Young People in Physical Education
Authors: Alfrey Laura , Quarmby Thomas , Hooper Oliver
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This paper responds to two questions: (a) What are the possibilities and tensions associated with using arts-based methods to support research with children and young people in physical education (PE)? and (b) How can the pedagogical attributes of embodiment in PE inform research with children and young people? Method: Three PE researchers reflected on their use of arts-based methods with children and/or young people. The resulting reflections were analyzed inductively and deductively. Findings: Arts-based methods can (a) foreground youth voice and agency, (b) generate embodied and rich data, and (c) enhance dissemination and impact. The three researcher reflections exemplified the pedagogical attributes of embodiment, suggesting the attributes have utility in PE research. Conclusion: If researchers are to extend the field of PE, we need to extend our methodological repertoire to include methods that reflect its embodied nature, and the lives of the participants we are striving to better understand.
Bats surf storm fronts during spring migration
Authors: Hurme Edward , Lenzi Ivan , Wikelski Martin , Wild Timm A. , Dechmann Dina K. N.
Published: January 2025

Long-distance migration, common in passerine birds, is rare and poorly studied in bats. Piloting a 1.2-gram IoT (Internet of Things) tag with onboard processing, we tracked the daily location, temperature, and activity of female common noctules (
Nyctalus noctula
) during spring migration across central Europe up to 1116 kilometers. Over 3 years, 71 bats migrated tens to hundreds of kilometers per night, predominantly with incoming warm fronts, which provided them with wind support. Bats also showed unexpected flexibility in their ability to migrate across a wide range of conditions if needed. However, females leaving toward the end of the season showed higher total activity per distance traveled, a possible cost for their flexible migration timing.
Tantalum-stabilized ruthenium oxide electrocatalysts for industrial water electrolysis
Authors: Zhang Jiahao , Fu Xianbiao , Kwon Soonho , Chen Kaifeng , Liu Xiaozhi , Yang Jin , Sun Haoran , Wang Yanchang , Uchiyama Tomoki , Uchimoto Yoshiharu , Li Shaofeng , Li Yan , Fan Xiaolong , Chen Gong , Xia Fanjie , Wu Jinsong , Li Yanbo , Yue Qin , Qiao Liang , Su Dong , Zhou Hua , Goddard William A. , Kang Yijin
Published: January 2025

The iridium oxide (IrO
2
) catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction used industrially (in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers) is scarce and costly. Although ruthenium oxide (RuO
2
) is a promising alternative, its poor stability has hindered practical application. We used well-defined extended surface models to identify that RuO
2
undergoes structure-dependent corrosion that causes Ru dissolution. Tantalum (Ta) doping effectively stabilized RuO
2
against such corrosion and enhanced the intrinsic activity of RuO
2
. In an industrial demonstration, Ta-RuO
2
electrocatalyst exhibited stability near that of IrO
2
and had a performance decay rate of ~14 microvolts per hour in a 2800-hour test. At current densities of 1 ampere per square centimeter, it had an overpotential 330 millivolts less than that of IrO
2
.
Data crumbs and sitting ducks
Mindmasters: The Data-Driven Science of Predicting and Changing Human Behavior
Sandra Matz
Harvard Business Review Press, 2025. 240 pp.
Authors: Wai Jonathan
Published: January 2025

Our digital footprints offer potentially lucrative personality insights to the highest bidders
Inherited genome instability
Authors: Hehir-Kwa Jayne Y. , Macintyre Geoff
Published: January 2025

Germline structural variants are a risk factor for pediatric extracranial solid tumors
In Science Journals
Authors: Smith Jesse , Isles Hannah M. , Szuromi Phil , Vignieri Sacha , Yeston Jake S. , Maroso Mattia , Ray L. Bryan , Clauset Aaron , Nusinovich Yevgeniya , Simonti Corinne , Funk Michael A. , Sofowora Iyinoluwa , Ash Caroline , Grocholski Brent , Norton Melissa L.
Published: January 2025

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