bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical expert case with a combination of the Saul–Wilson and Rubinstein–Taybi syndromes
Authors: Riabokon Anna G. , Doronina Olga E.
Published: February 2022

SaulWilson syndrome, like RubinsteinTaybi syndrome, is classified as a rare genetic disease according to modern classification. So, to date, there are descriptions of 16 patients from different countries in literary sources.
The SaulWilson syndrome is characterized by a combination of nanism, pathology of long tubular bones, the spine and the organ of vision, typical dysmorphic facial features and radiological data; RubinsteinTaybi syndrome has various skeletal defects (low height, dilation of the phalanges of the fingers, polydactyly on the legs, deformities of the face and skull, high arched palate, changes in the shape and position of the auricles, dilated phalanges of the fingers, lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis), strabismus, anomalies refraction, disorders of internal organs, disorders of intellectual and physical development.
The article presents a complex clinical and expert case with a combination of two genetic diseases ― SaulWilson and RubinsteinTaybi syndromes, typical manifestations of which were visible craniofacial dysmorphia, changes in the musculoskeletal system in the form of progressive bilateral coxarthrosis, instability of the thoracic spine, deformities of the feet, accompanied by pronounced disorders of neuromuscular, skeletal and statodynamic functions. The multi-system lesion of the body caused difficulties for specialists during the medical and social examination. These nosological forms are absent in the current classifications and criteria for establishing disability, and therefore the quantitative assessment of persistent functional disorders was carried out individually ― according to the degree of severity of impaired functions, their combination and influence on each other.
The use of modern diagnostic methods, including genetic studies, in hereditary diseases allows to establish a diagnosis at an early stage, to determine the tactics of managing children in order to ensure timely pathogenetic treatment, including surgical, prevention of the development of severe complications, functional disorders. The successes of medicine can not only significantly improve the quality of life of this category of children, but also increase their life expectancy. Since in most cases hereditary diseases involving the musculoskeletal system are accompanied by persistent disorders of the bodys functions and lead to disability, classifications and criteria for establishing disability should include a quantitative assessment of the degree of impaired functions in congenital anomalies and hereditary diseases.
General Seismic Architecture of the Southern San Andreas Fault Zone around the Thousand Palms Oasis from a Large-N Nodal Array
Authors: Share Pieter-Ewald , Qiu Hongrui , Vernon Frank L. , Allam Amir A. , Fialko Yuri , Ben-Zion Yehuda
Published: February 2022

We discuss general structural features of the Banning and Mission Creek strands (BF and MCF) of the southern San Andreas fault (SSAF) in the Coachella Valley, based on ambient noise and earthquake wavefields recorded by a seismic array with >300 nodes. Earthquake P arrivals show rapid changes in waveform characteristics over 20–40 m zones that coincide with the surface BF and MCF. These variations indicate that the BF and MCF are high-impedance contrast interfaces—an observation supported by the presence of seismic reflections. Another prominent but more diffuse change in SSAF structure is found ∼1 km northeast of the BF. This feature has average-to-low arrival times (P and S) and ambient noise levels (at <30 Hz), and likely represents a relatively fast velocity block sandwiched between broader MCF and BF zones. The maximal arrival delays (P ∼0.1 s and S ∼0.25 s) and the highest ambient noise levels (>2 times median) are consistently observed southwest of the BF—a combined effect of Coachella Valley sediments and rock damage on that side. Immediately northeast of the MCF, large S minus P delays suggest a broad high VP/VS zone associated with asymmetric rock damage across the SSAF. This general overview shows the BF and MCF as mature but distinctly different fault zones. Future analyses will further clarify these and other SSAF features in greater detail.
Determination of the Effect of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) on the Ripening Parameters of White Cheese
Authors: ÇELİK Ömer F , KILIÇ Özlem , KURT Sibel , TARAKÇI Zekai
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of Lepidium sativum L. on the ripening characteristics of White cheese. A control White cheese without garden cress and White cheeses with four different concentrations of garden cress (0.6-1.2-1.8-2.4%) were produced and their dry matter, fat, and protein contents; pH and titratable acidity levels; water-soluble nitrogen (WSN) and trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen (TCA-SN) were determined and electrophoretograms showing α- and β-casein degradation rates were obtained for the storage of 90 days. The addition of garden cress did not affect WSN and TCA-SN values significantly (P>0.05). Both α- and β- casein degradations increased with storage; the latter being relatively less broken down. The degradation levels for α-casein were similar for all cheese types while β-casein was more degraded when garden cress was included in the cheeses. There was no statistically significant difference between cheese samples in terms of sensory properties (P>0.05). The results suggest that garden cress may carry a β-casein specific protease and could be conveyed with White cheese successfully. This study will contribute to the limited knowledge on the utilization of garden cress in food products. Also, the application of garden cress is thought to expand the product variety in the market.
Cross sectional analysis of factors associated with leptospirosis cases treated at district general hospital, Matara, Sri Lanka during 2015-2018
Authors: Samaraweera Nayana Y. , Karunaratne Upali , Mediwaka Malkanthi K. , Patabendige Deepika , Jagathpathi Janaka , Wijayasiriwardhana Buddhini S. , Senanayake Deepthi , Amarasiri Sheran , Wanniarachchi Somarathna
Published: February 2022

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic illness with a global disease burden impacting both developed and developing nations and is caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. In this study, selected characteristics of confirmed leptospirosis cases were studied; hence modifiable risk factors were elucidated. This information would be useful to prevent further transmission of leptospirosis by public health care workers in Sri Lanka and take appropriate administrative decisions regarding leptospirosis control in the community. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional survey of Bed Head Tickets (BHTs), Case Surveillance Forms of confirmed leptospirosis cases treated at district general hospital, Matara during 2015-2018. The study was conducted from 21.02.2019 to 01.03.2019.Results: Age >35 years (OR 3.92:, 95% CI:2.72-5.65), male sex (OR:2.30, 95% CI:1.61-3.29), paddy field as source of infection (OR:2.45, 95% CI:1.69-3.54), positive history of recent skin lesions/injury (OR:2.29, 95% CI:1.58-3.34), (OR:3.14, 95% CI:1.62-6.06), (OR:2.88, 95% CI:1.31-6.36), (OR:2.13, 95% CI:1.27-3.58) were risk factors for leptospirosis. Positive history of chemo prophylactic treatment (doxycycline administration) and its duration were not associated with leptospirosisConclusions: Age >35 years (OR 3.92:, 95% CI:2.72-5.65), male sex (OR:2.30, 95% CI:1.61-3.29), paddy field as source of infection (OR:2.45, 95% CI:1.69-3.54), positive history of recent skin lesions/injury (OR:2.29, 95% CI:1.58-3.34) were risk factors for leptospirosis.
Survey on physician attitudes and knowledge toward colorectal cancer screening in primary health care centers, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljemeeli Feras A. , Alfadda Abdulrahman
Published: February 2022

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer incidence worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, it is ranked first most common cancer in males and second most common in females. CRC is an ideal for prevention because of the high incidence rate and the relative slow progression into an adenocarcinoma. Primary health care (PHC) setting is the ideal place where CRC screening should take place. This study was intended to evaluate awareness, knowledge and attitude towards CRC screening.Methods: A survey was performed among PHC physicians in Qassim province, Saudi Arabia. An electronic questionnaire adopted from the national cancer institute was formulated. Demographic data, specialty, qualifications, years of experience, knowledge and attitudes towards CRC screening, and perceived barriers regarding CRC screening were obtained.Results: A total of 94 physicians were recruited. 39.4% from the sample are females, and 60.6% are males. 99% of physicians agree that colorectal cancer screening is needed when age appropriate. However, 68% were very compliant in CRC screening in clinical practice. Only 52% of physicians were familiar with national CRC cancer screening guidelines. 53% of physicians scored correct on the age appropriate to initiate CRC screening for average risk patients.Conclusions: More efforts should be given to improve knowledge of primary healthcare providers regarding CRC prevention. More funding and planning are needed to provide primary health care providers with the required tools and systems in order to make CRC prevention more efficient.
A correlation of disease severity and outcome with malnutrition status in adults with COVID-19
Authors: Krishnaswamy Priyadharshini , L. Ashok M.
Published: February 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathology increases catabolism and depletes the protein stores, causing malnutrition. However, nutrition assessment in COVID-19 is often overlooked in the current pandemic. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a validated score to assess nutritional status in hospitalized patients. The objective of the study was to estimate malnutrition among hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 using the - The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and study its effect on the disease severity and outcomes.Methods: The study was a retrospective study on 146 patients with COVID-19. The history, demographic details were noted and the following parameters were noted at baseline and time of outcome- COVID-19 disease severity, radiological severity, CONUT score, inflammatory markers- serum LDH, CRP, Ferritin, D-Dimer. The outcome parameters- mortality, duration of hospital stay and severity of disease at outcome were measured.Results: Out of the 146 patients, 84 (57.53%) were male and 62 (42.47%) were female. 97.26% patients had malnutrition at baseline with 42 (28.77%) mild, 70 (47.95%) moderate and 30 (20.55%) severe malnutrition based on CONUT score. The CONUT scores were greater at outcome compared to baseline (p<0.001). Higher grades of malnutrition were associated with greater baseline and outcome disease severity (p<0.001), radiological severity (p<0.001), higher levels of inflammatory markers (p<0.001) and a higher mortality (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in duration of hospital stay (p=0.67).Conclusions: Malnutrition results in worse outcomes and greater mortality in COVID-19. Individual tailored nutritional support in the hospitalized COVID-19 patients, can thus potentially improve outcomes.
Study of clinical and etiological profile of new onset seizure in adults reporting to tertiary care centre, Mysore
Authors: Hosalli Naveen Kumar , Vasudevan Manasa Saligrama , Jalageri Mahammad Iliyas
Published: February 2022

Background: Overall incidence of seizure is found to be 0.2-0.6 per 1000 population per year. A first seizure mandates individual counselling about the risk of recurrence, the pros and cons of drug treatment. Seizures are usually a manifestation of an underlying pathology which may be genetic, structural or metabolic. Objectives of current study were to study the clinical profile of new onset seizures in adults (greater than 19 years) attending to tertiary care Centre, Mysore and to determine the etiology of new onset seizures in adults reporting to tertiary care centre, Mysore.Methods: All participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria were interviewed as per proforma. Participant’s demographic, social and medical details were recorded in proforma sheet and patients were subjected to neuroimaging studies, EEG and other necessary blood investigations. In all cases the seizure type is classified according to ILAE Classification 2017.Results: Among 100 cases evaluated for new onset, Majority of the patients were 41 to 60 years. Generalised seizures (95%) were more common than focal seizures.Among neurological etiological causes, vascular causes (34%) were most common. Most common Non-neurological cause for seizures was alcohol withdrawal (46.67%).Conclusions: If proper analysis of etiology is made, seizures can be treated accordingly thus reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with it. Primary care physicians play a pivotal role in identifying patients with adult onset seizures and should encourage these patients to undergo neuroimaging so as to arrive at an appropriate etiological diagnosis.
Orbital varix presenting with enophthalmos and intermittent proptosis: a case report
Authors: Saini Varun , Bhattacharya Shruti , Raina Usha K. , Goyal Jawahar Lal
Published: February 2022

We report the case of a 22-year-old male, presenting with right enophthalmos and intermittent exophthalmos observed after valsalva maneuver. Orbital imaging revealed a retrobulbar vascular lesion with multiple phleboliths suggestive of orbital varices. On magnetic resonance angiography, no obvious feeder vessel could be delineated. We decided to manage the patient conservatively, in the absence of complications such as proptosis with corneal exposure, optic nerve compression, orbital hemorrhage. Orbital varix is a low flow vascular anomaly which generally presents with an intermittent exophthalmos. Development of enophthalmos associated with orbital varices as in our case, is very rare.
Isolated sphenoid sinus disease; a retrospective review of underlying pathologies and their clinicopathological implications
Authors: Ravindra Aditi , Shetty Shama , Devaraja K. , Pujary Kailesh
Published: February 2022

Background: Isolated sphenoid sinus disease (ISSD) includes a small cohort of patients evaluated for sinus disease which tend to be diagnostically challenging and may lead to devastating complications. This study aims to evaluate the spectrum of etiological factors and to analyze clinic-radiological characteristics of ISSD

Methods: It is a retrospective review of cases of ISSD managed by the department of otolaryngology of a tertiary care medical centre between January 2017 and December 2019. A total of 21 patients were included and their demographic details, co-morbidities, symptomatology, cross-sectional imaging, treatment received and follow-up details were retrieved from medical records for analysis and comparison.

Results: The most common diagnoses in our cohort were invasive fungal sinusitis (n=9), chronic non-specific sinusitis (n=7) and allergic fungal sinusitis (n=3) in that order, with mean duration of symptoms 58.2 days, 300 days and 260 days respectively. Cases of invasive disease had a shorter course, more frequent cranial nerve involvement, with radiological features of heterogenous soft tissue densities and bone erosion. Cases of chronic non-specific sinusitis and allergic fungal sinusitis had more long-standing disease with a milder course and less ominous radiological features. Biopsy report from one of the patient’s was that of squamous cell carcinoma while the other patient was diagnosed with a sphenoid mucocoele.

Conclusions: ISSD is an uncommon entity in clinical practice with non-specific symptoms and a potential for grave complications. Therefore, the condition must be borne in mind by clinicians and prompt treatment must be initiated.

 
Study of incidence of sensorineural hearing loss in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Acharya Souvagini , Bepari Kamalini , Biswal Sabyasachi , Dash Sarita , Agrawal Priyanka , Mohapatra Dipali , Naik Sujit , Das Aurobinda
Published: February 2022

Background: The aim was assessment of sensorineural hearing loss incidence in allergic rhinitis. Anatomical and physiological relation of nose with ear increases the possibility of conductive hearing loss in allergic rhinitis, but association of sensorineural hearing loss is least studied.

Methods: 60 patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis were compared with age and gender matched controls. All participants were subjected for pure tone audiometry; distortion product otoacoustic emission and tympanometry. Facts and statistics were analysed by chi-square and t- test with significance at p<0.05.

Results: Study population had sensorineural hearing loss which was in high frequencies, distortion product otoacoustic emissions revealed low distortion product and mostly “A” type tympanogram when compared with the controls.

Conclusions: We found patients having allergic rhinitis are prone to sensorineural hearing loss.

 

 
Clinical and histopathological correlation in patients with chronic tonsillitis
Authors: Nemade Sanjana V. , Yadav Lakshmikant B.
Published: February 2022

Background: Chronic tonsillitis is diagnosed when an individual has 7 episodes of tonsillitis in 1 year, 5 episodes in 2 consecutive years, or 3 episodes each year for 3 years consecutively. There is correlation of clinical and histopathological findings in patients with chronic tonsillitis.

Methods: It is prospective study which is aimed at correlation of clinical and histopathological findings in chronic tonsillitis patients underwent tonsillectomy. This was carried out in tertiary care hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India. In our study, 25 patients of chronic tonsillitis underwent tonsillectomy were included. In this we have examined the histopathology of tonsillar tissue section in correlation with the clinical manifestations of tonsillar diseases that were due to infection.  

Results: In pathological examination of palatine tonsil, underlying subepithelial tissue showed many lymphoid follicles with prominent germinal centres comprising of centrocytes, centroblasts, immunoblasts, small and large lymphocytes in 19 patients (76%). 13 patients (52%) showed prominent germinal centres with bites of salivary gland and muscle tissue. 6 patients (24%) showed prominent germinal centre with mild lymphoplasmocytic inflammatory cell infiltrate. In 4 patients (16%), tissue lined by stratified squamous epithelium showed focal ulceration. 3 patients (12%) showed stratified squamous epithelium with granulation tissue. Crush artifact were noted in 3 patients (12%). 2 patients (8%) had small granules with actinomycotic species colonies within the palatine tonsilar crypts. Only 1 patient (4%) showing keratin impacted in tonsilar tissue.

Conclusions: There is strong correlation between histopathological examination suggestive of lymphoid hypertrophy and grading of palatine tonsil hypertrophy.
Autologous serum therapy in chronic spontaneous urticaria: useful in both ASST positive and negative patients
Authors: Talwar Vijayalakshmi , Bhaskar Puspha
Published: February 2022

Background: Chronic urticaria is a common disorder that affects 0.1% of the population. Point prevalence is between 0.5 and 1.0% for chronic spontaneous urticaria. Functional IgG antibodies against IgE or high-affinity IgE receptors can be detected in 25-30% of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Autologous serum therapy is a novel and cost-effective therapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate Autologous serum therapy's (AST) efficacy in chronic urticaria patients.

Methods: 106 patients with chronic urticaria were enrolled. Patients were categorized into two groups based on autologous serum skin therapy- ASST positive and ASST negative. Intramuscular injection of 0.05 ml/kg of autologous serum was injected every week for up to 9 weeks. Urticaria activity scoring (UAS) questionnaire was used to quantify the symptoms before the therapy and at nine weeks.

Results: Significant improvement in urticaria activity score was noted in both groups of the patients from the baseline and at nine weeks. (UAS reduced from 15.3 to 10.8 in ASST positive patients, and in ASST negative patients, UAS decreased from 16.2 to 10.1).  

Conclusions: Both ASST positive and ASST negative patients showed significant improvement at nine weeks after starting autologous serum therapy. AST can be an effective modality for both patients.
Clinico-histopathological study of tattoo reactions in tertiary care center
Authors: Bhindora Pooja K. , Patel Bharti K. , Bhuptani Neela V. , Surani Ashma S.
Published: February 2022

Background: Tattooing is nowadays very common practice especially among young people and we are witnessing a gradual increase of numerous potential reactions to tattoos. Purpose of this study was to identify the various tattoo reactions and to correlate it with histopathological examination and early interventions to decrease further morbidity.

Methods: From December 2017 to September 2019, patients reporting with reactions due to tattooing were included in the present study after obtaining informed consent. A detailed history regarding the onset, duration and colour used for tattooing were collected and noted. Cutaneous examination and biopsy were done in all cases to know the type of reaction.

Results: The analysis included 50 patients who had tattoo reactions. The most common age group affected was 16-30 years, with slight male predominance. Most of the cases (64%) with tattoo reaction presented to us within 1 to 4 months of disease presentation. Clinically, most cases had granulomatous reaction 23 (46%). On histopathology, granulomatous reaction was the most common type observed. Red colour dye was the most common colour associated with reaction seen. Clinico-histopathological correlation of various types of tattoo reaction revealed consistency with diagnosis in 17 (34%) patients, clinically as well as on histopathological examination.

Conclusions: Lack of strict regulations by government and increased fashion trends increase complications associated with tattoos. Red inks are the most frequently associated with tattoo reactions. Granulomatous type reactions are a frequently reported pattern of inflammation seen in tattoo.
Basal cell carcinoma and its rare variants: a case series
Authors: Dhana Laxmi K. Bhavana , Reddy C. Vijay Bhasker , Reddy P. Navaneetha , Sagar P. Vidya
Published: February 2022

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer worldwide. It is more common in elderly, occurs mostly in the head and neck region. Its incidence is widely increasing due to widespread UV –B rays exposure. Although many variants of BCC exist, metastatic BCC is rare and occurs with aggressive histopathological types like morpheaform, metatypical, basosquamous and infiltrative. We described twelve cases and reviewed the literature. Majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 61-70 years. Majority of them were females (58.3%). The most common site of involvement was cheek (41.6%). The most common morphological variant of BCC was nodular type in 50%. The most common histopathological variant was of nodular type in 33.3%. This study highlights the paradoxically increasing trend of BCC with female predilection. This study highlights the importance of creating awareness among general practitioners, general population and public health workers.
Breve 24. The pharmaceutical price regulation in El Salvador
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: February 2022

This policy brief is based on a webinar presented by Luis Alejandro Rivera, Chief of the Pricing Unit at the Dirección Nacional de Medicamentos (National Directorate of Medicines DNM) in El Salvador. The presentation was given on July 2019. Rising prices of medications are a global concern as healthcare expenditures soar and more patients are unable to access the medicines they need. El Salvador has managed to control and lower the price of prescription medicines for both innovator and generic medicines, while maintaining a well-functioning and cost-saving pharmaceutical market. This publication presents takeaways, such as price setting methods, the identification of appropriate market segments, and the introduction of online monitoring platforms, so that other policymakers may use them when introducing price regulation in their own pharmaceutical markets.
Brushless DC Motor Modeling and Simulation in the MATLAB/SIMULINK Software Environment
Authors: Manda Prashanthi , Veeramalla Santhosh Kumar
Published: February 2022

The brushless DC motors (BLDCM) are capable of maintaining a constant speed in situations where speed and power are controlled at the same time. This motor, compared to DC motors, is able to generate far more power and simultaneously operate. An open-loop BLDCM output with hardware support and a three-segment method on closed-loop BLDCM were both examined in this study. The research provides a brushless DC motor model that considers the motor's commutation behavior. To make sure that the drive system for BLDC motors works properly, it is important to know the exact torque value, which is based on the back-EMF. The BLDC motor is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink after a basic mathematical model is developed. In open-loop circuits, the intensity may be adjusted by varying the pulse width (or duty), and the motor speed can be increased or decreased by altering the input voltage. Pulse widths and speeds are measured and compared to real-world hardware in this study. This paper presents a comparison of the outcomes of the BLDC motors based on the examination of time responses.
The History and Principles of American Personalism: A Comparison of the Harvard and Boston University Schools
Authors: Auxier Randall
Published: February 2022

The author of this article outlines the background of American personalist philosophy and theology, and then he traces these German roots through to the two primary schools of American personalist thought: the Boston University and the Harvard schools of personalism. Along the way he points to the major points on influence and divergence of the development of American personalism. He summarizes the principles of both schools as well as the views rejected, both philosophical and religious, by personalists.
Rozwój współpracy koprodukcyjnej między telewizją czechosłowacką i polską w cieniu socjalistycznego internacjonalizmu w latach 1953–1989
Authors: Jiřiště Jakub
Published: February 2022

Artykuł jest poświęcony rozwojowi współpracy i projektów koprodukcyjnych między Telewizją Czechosłowacką a Telewizją Polską w szerszym kontekście kontaktów twórczych między socjalistycznymi instytucjami telewizyjnymi. Autor wskazuje ograniczenia współpracy koprodukcyjnej w ramach państw bloku socjalistycznego, zwłaszcza w porównaniu z wyraźniejszym i ciągłym rozwojem koprodukcji z krajami zachodnimi. Przeszkodą było przede wszystkim oparcie współpracy na zasadzie wzajemności i idei socjalistycznego internacjonalizmu, przez co tłumione były interesy komercyjne. Pomimo naprzemiennych okresów umacniania i słabnięcia tych stosunków, współpraca Telewizji Czechosłowackiej z TVP stanowiła na tle kontaktów z innymi państwami wyjątek prowadzący do powstania pełnowartościowych projektów koprodukcyjnych: seriali Łuk tęczy i Długi biały ślad. W przypadku drugiego z seriali realizacja wspólnego przedsięwzięcia była w związku z wieloma przeszkodami bardzo problematyczna i tło jego powstania w sposób obrazowy świadczy o nienaturalnych warunkach socjalistycznej koprodukcji telewizyjnej.
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMITMEN GURU DI SEKOLAH GRACIA ABADI, TANGERANG [THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON TEACHERS' COMMITMENT AT GRACIA ABADI TANGERANG SCHOOL]
Authors: Mi Song Eun
Published: February 2022

Some teachers and staffs at Gracia Abadi Tangerang School have been working together to build a school building without receiving a salary. It is so rare today that the researcher became very interested in researching this further while thinking that the leadership of school’s founder has had a positive impact on teachers. This study aims to know: 1) how the school founder applies transformational leadership in school management, 2) what are the impacts and constraints experienced in applying transformational leadership, 3) the impact of transformational leadership on teacher commitment at this school. This study uses qualitative phenomenological methods with data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation, and document review. The validity of the data will be tested with source triangulation. The results of this research indicate that transformational leadership has been shown to have a positive impact on teacher commitment in Gracia Abadi School.
ANALISIS OPTIMALISASI PRINSIP LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH NON-BANK “ANOMALY EVENT STUDY JANUARY EFFECT TERHADAP ABNORMAL RETURN SAHAM SYARIAH (JII) DI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA”
Authors: SUSIANTI NURUL
Published: February 2022

Penelitian dalam paper ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitaif denganmetode deskriptif dan uji beda paired t test tentang analisis optimalisasiprinsip Lembaga Keuangan Syariah Non-Bank yang mengukur tingkatabnormal return saham syariah di pasar modal syariah, Fokus masalahdalam penelitian ini adalah pengamatan sebelum january effect dan sesudahjanuary effect, yakni minggu terakhir pada bulan desember dan awal minggujanuary effect. hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebelum dan sesudahJanuary Effect menunjukkan bahwa nilai t-1 dan t+1 sampai t-6 dan t+6menunjukkan nilai yang diterima karena menghasilkan nilai signifikasikurang dari 0,05, artinya ada perbedaan secara signifikan selama 6 haribaik sebelum dan sesudah January Effect. Hasil penelitian ini bertentangandengan prinsip-prinsip lembaga keuangan syariah baik bank maupunnon-bank, seperti, Pelaksanaan transaksi harus dilakukan menurutprinsip kehati-hatian serta tidak diperbolehkan melakukan spekulasi danmanipulasi yang di dalamnya mengandung unsur dharar, gharar, riba,maisir, risywah, maksiat dan kezhaliman. Salah satu penyebab terjadinyaabnormal return pada event studi january effect bertentangan dengan fatwaMUI sehingga Abnormal return yang terjadi sebelum dan sesudah januareffect tidak sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip lembaga keuangan syariah nonbank.
Qadhiyyat al-Riddah fi al-Islam
Authors: Rizky HK Muhammad , Ghulam Ahmad Agus
Published: February 2022

Apostasy is one of the major sins and the greatest crimes in Islam. Rather, it is related to the principle of Islam, faith to the one God an the Prophet Muhammad. The apostate had previously believed and believed in Allah,  then turned from truth to falsehood and became an unbeliever. This apostasy represents a major betrayal to the God and His Messenger. That is why God Almighty has promised to those who apostatize from his religion, the decline of deeds in this world and torment in the hereafter. The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, promised to kill him when he said: (Whoever changes his religion, kill him). Apostasy is also measured by murder and adultery in its commentary. This article aims to explore the dialogue between ‘ulama about apostasy by describing and comparing all mazhab. Hence, the scholars differed in bringing rulings for the apostate from Islam. And every opinion has its inference, which we have mentioned for a long time. Among these different opinions regarding the punishment for apostasy between the proven and the defiant. The appointment of a person of apostasy is submitted to the judge in the court, as well as applying the punishment to him according to the judge’s judiciary after the conditions for that are met. The differences are expected to be able to bring a lot of dialogue on the table, so that in the future there will be no more tendency to commit violence against people who change their religions.
Implementasi Hadis Dalam Hukum Sosial dan Politik
Authors: Tamimi Moh.
Published: February 2022

This article aims to discuss the implementation of Prophetic traditions (hadith) on law, social, and politic as part of the integration of science and religion . On this integration, hadith as a part of Islamic traditions emulsified its value with social and political aspects. Social sciences may in part coloring the interpretation of Hadith to formulate more contextual meaning that has been applied in various times and places..
Masa Depan Demokrasi Islam Di Indonesia
Authors: Rohman Abdul , Badruzzaman Asep , Huda Nurul
Published: February 2022

This article discusses Islamic democracy in Indonesian democracy. Deliveries made by Islamic leaders have always been in the spotlight by the government. Apart from the government, the spotlight also came from foreign media, which reported that the Islamic figure incited the community. The question is, what is the ethical foundation of democracy in Indonesia? What is Islamic democracy like in Indonesian democracy? This research was conducted with a normative research method, qualitatively using literature study to obtain answers to the topics discussed. The answer was obtained that democracy in Indonesia is Pancasila democracy with the people as the highest authority. Furthermore, the values ​​of democracy in Islam contribute to democracy in Indonesia, such as justice, freedom of opinion, human rights, and others. This can be seen by examining the Medina Charter, which is a legal product during the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, where the Prophet Muhammad SAW emphasized deliberation as a means of resolving conflicts, both for believers and non-Muslims, and if they did not find common ground, the Prophet Muhammad as the messenger of Allah is the final decision holder. Likewise Indonesian democracy, prioritizing agreement in decision-making, through people's representatives, and the people as the owner of supreme sovereignty, always guarding these decisions.
Implementasi Prinsip Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar Sebagai Etika Politik Islam
Authors: Jihad Badrul
Published: February 2022

This article is aimed to discuss the principle of Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar (enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong) in relation to Islamic political ethics. This principle is actually one of the main foundations of Islamic teaching that Allah has commanded fellow Muslims to implement. In order to achieve a strong and civilized Muslim society, a principle is needed that holds each individual together in exercising goodness and shunning evil in order to achieve the common good. In this case, Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar is the principle offered by Islam in building such a strong and civilized society.
Manajemen Strategi Pesantren Dalam Pendidikan Berbasis Transformasi Budaya Dan Politik
Authors: Sri Istiqamah Siti
Published: February 2022

Pesantren has strong religious and social characteristics. Historically, pesantren have lived with the community, especially in rural areas. This fact brings this institution closer to the problems that occur in the social environment. Problems of poverty, limited access to information, knowledge, marginalization make rural communities live in powerlessness. Pesantren education is the main focus because it is close, cheap and can be trusted to change through religious knowledge. Even though in the end the community felt that it was not enough to just receive an Islamic boarding school education, they continued to have traditions and knowledge similar to those of the institution, namely Islamic higher institutions.
Unmanned aerial vehicle with handover management fuzzy system for 5G networks: challenges and perspectives
Authors: Ayass Thalita , Coqueiro Thiago , Carvalho Tássio , Jailton José , Araújo Jasmine , Francês Renato
Published: February 2022

The next generation of wireless networks, 5G, and beyond will bring more complexities and configuration issues to set the new wireless networks, besides requirements for important and new services. These new generations of wireless networks, to be implemented, are in extreme dependence on the adoption of artificial intelligence techniques. The integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in wireless communication networks has opened several possibilities with increased flexibility and performance. Besides, they are considered as one of the most promising technologies to be used in the new wireless networks. Thus, UAVs are expected to be one of the most important applications to provide a new way of connectivity to the 5G network, and it is expected to grow from being a 19.3 billion USD industry in 2019 to 45.8 billion USD by 2025. In this paper, we provide a proposal of handover management on aerial 5G network utilizing the fuzzy system. The simulations performed prove the benefits of our proposal by QoS/QoE (quality of service/quality of experience) metrics.
Study of the effects of cosmetic preparations containing resveratrol on facial skin ageing process
Authors: Buciak Kamila , Urbańska Maria , Igielska‑Kalwat Joanna , Seraszek‑Jaros Agnieszka , Wróblewska‑Kończalik Katarzyna , Gornowicz‑Porowska Justyna
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Skin ageing is a natural process occurring under the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors. Due to its properties, resveratrol can be used as an active ingredient of anti‑ageing cosmetics intended for skin protection against the photoaging process.Aim. The aim of this research paper was to assess the influence of a series of treatments and home skin care based on preparations containing resveratrol and other natural ingredients, on the facial skin ageing processes delay.Material and Methods. The study included 15 women, aged 30–65, with healthy facial skin and with minor or major signs of skin ageing, such as: loss of moisture, loss of skin firmness, enlarged pores, or wrinkles. The study consisted in performing a series of 3 Resveravit C Peel 50% Back To Comfort treatments at a beauty studio, supplemented with home skin care with the use of Resveravit C anti‑ageing preparations, and skin analysis with the use of POLDERMA EXPLORE 3D instrument, before and after the treatment. Statistical analysis was performed.Results. Skin parameters analysis has shown that Resveravit C Peel 50% Back To Comfort treatment and home treatment with Resveravit C anti‑ageing improved the skin firmness, reduced the number of wrinkles, and enlarged pores, and reduced brown spots.Conclusions. Treatments and cosmetic preparations containing resveratrol can effectively reduce the signs of skin ageing.
Current Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Modeling and Personalized Medicine
Authors: Germain Nicolas , Dhayer Mélanie , Dekiouk Salim , Marchetti Philippe
Published: February 2022

Tumor cells evolve in a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of different cell types and an extracellular matrix. Current 2D culture methods are very limited in their ability to mimic the cancer cell environment. In recent years, various 3D models of cancer cells have been developed, notably in the form of spheroids/organoids, using scaffold or cancer-on-chip devices. However, these models have the disadvantage of not being able to precisely control the organization of multiple cell types in complex architecture and are sometimes not very reproducible in their production, and this is especially true for spheroids. Three-dimensional bioprinting can produce complex, multi-cellular, and reproducible constructs in which the matrix composition and rigidity can be adapted locally or globally to the tumor model studied. For these reasons, 3D bioprinting seems to be the technique of choice to mimic the tumor microenvironment in vivo as closely as possible. In this review, we discuss different 3D-bioprinting technologies, including bioinks and crosslinkers that can be used for in vitro cancer models, and the techniques used to study cells grown in hydrogels; finally, we provide some applications of bioprinted cancer models.
Social Network Analysis of Twitter Data Related to Blood Clots and Vaccines
Authors: Ahmed Wasim , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Vilaseca Josep M.
Published: February 2022

After the first weeks of vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2, several cases of acute thrombosis were reported. These news reports began to be shared frequently across social media platforms. The aim of this study was to conduct an analysis of Twitter data related to the overall discussion. Data was retrieved from 14th March to 14th April using the keyword ‘blood clots’. A dataset with n=266,677 tweets was retrieved, and a systematic random sample of 5% of tweets (n=13,334) were entered into NodeXL for further analysis. Social network analysis was used to analyse the data by drawing upon the Clauset-Newman-Moore algorithm. Influential users were identified by drawing upon the betweenness centrality metric. Text analysis was applied to identify the key hashtags and websites used at this time. More than half of the network was comprised of retweets and the largest groups within the network were broadcast clusters where a number of key users were retweeted. The most popular narratives were around highlighting the low risk of obtaining a blood clot from a vaccine and highlighting higher blood clot risks in medicines commonly consumed. A wide-variety of actors drove the discussion on Twitter ranging from writers, physicians, the general public academics, celebrities, and journalists. Twitter was used to highlight the low potential of obtaining a blood clot from a vaccine and encouraged vaccinations among the public.
Hip replacement in children with femoral head collapse and hip joint degeneration. Two case reports.
Authors: Megremis Panos , Megremis Orestis
Published: February 2022

There are several pathological conditions in children, such as Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, femoral head avascular necrosis, which can progress to disabling hip joint destruction. These children undergo surgeries, such as hip arthrodesis, in an attempt to postpone hip replacement so that it can be done at an older age. Unfortunately, hip arthrodesis significantly limits their ability to actively engage in activities that require full hip mobility. For these children, active participation in games and sports activities remains an important factor for their physical development and mental health. On the contrary, hip arthroplasty can ensure a pain-free, unrestricted range of hip movement, but are doubts as to its viability over time, especially in young people who exhibit intense activity. We report successful hip replacement in two children, fourteen years of age and younger, with femoral head collapse and disabling joint degeneration due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head, whom the hip replacement was considered the only surgical treatment ensuring a painless hip joint. For the clinical assessment of these two hips, we used the online Harris hip score, preoperatively and postoperatively. No intraoperative or early postoperative complications occurred. Follow-up was conducted at six weeks, six months, and then at an annual clinical and Radiological evaluation. At the final seven-year- follow-up, these two children had greatly improved their function hip score considerably. Hip arthroplasty can ensure a pain-free, unrestricted range of hip movement in young children when their hip joint is severely affected.
Alpha-fetoprotein is not a risk factor of metastasis for patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity- matched analysis
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Wang Anjiang , Zhang Tingting , Chen Sihai
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Metastasis is crucial for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Distinguishing the potential risk factors for distant metastasis in small HCC (diameter ≤ 5 cm) is of great significance for improving the prognosis.
Patients and methods:
HCC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry with tumors ≤ 5 cm in diameter between January 2010 and December 2015 were retrieved. Demographic and clinicopathological metrics were extracted, including age, sex, race, marital status, tumor size, histological grade, T stage, N stage, M stage, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and liver fibrosis score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors correlated with extrahepatic metastasis in small HCC. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to balance the confounding factors in baseline characteristics.
Results
A total of 4,176 eligible patients were divided into a non-metastasis group (n = 4,033) and a metastasis group (n = 143) based on metastasis status. In multivariate analysis, larger tumor size, poor histological differentiation, regional lymph node metastasis, and elevated serum AFP levels were identified as independent risk factors for distant metastasis (P < 0.05), while age, sex, race, marital status, and liver fibrosis score were not associated with extrahepatic metastasis. After propensity score analysis, the AFP level was no longer associated with metastatic risk.
Conclusion
AFP may not be a metastatic risk for patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma.
Clinical and molecular analysis of four unrelated Chinese families with pathogenic KLHL40 variants causing nemaline myopathy 8
Authors: Yuan Haiming , Wang Qingming , Zeng Xiumei , He Peiqing , Xu Wanfang , Liu Yanhui , Lin Yangyang
Published: February 2022

Homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in the KLHL40 gene cause nemaline myopathy 8 (NEM8), a severe autosomal recessive muscle disorder characterized by prenatal polyhydramnios, fetal akinesia or hypokinesia, joint contractures, fractures, respiratory failure and dysphagia. Currently, 46 individuals with NEM8 have been described in the literature, and 30 variants in KLHL40 have been identified. Here, we reported five individuals from four unrelated Chinese families who presented common features of nemaline myopathy and infrequent clinical characteristics. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify the causative gene. WES identified a recurrent missense variant c.1516A>C (p. Thr506Pro) and a novel frameshift variant c.543del (p. Ser182Profs*17) in KLHL40 in patient 1, a nonsense variant c.602G>A (p. Trp201*) and a missense variant c.1516A>C (p. Thr506Pro) in KLHL40 in patient 2, and homozygous variant c.1516A>C (p. Thr506Pro) in KLHL40 in patient 3 and both siblings (patients 4 and 5), all of which were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Next, we estimated the incidence of this disorder in the southern and northern Chinese population to be 4.59/106 and 2.95/106, respectively, based on the cumulative allele frequency of pathogenic variants in internal database. The results of our study expand the mutation spectrum of KLHL40 and enrich our understanding of the clinical characteristics of NEM8. Genetic counseling was provided for the four families involved in this study. Given the severity and the relatively high incidence of this condition, we strongly suggest that KLHL40 be incorporated into a carrier screening panel for the Chinese population.