bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alveolar Bone Formation Enhancement Induced by The Combination of Propolis Extract and Bovine Bone Graft Through SMAD3 Expression and Woven Bone in The Socket Preservation (An In Vivo Study)
Authors: Aditya Ari Muhammad Dimas , Kresnoadi Utari , Safari Azhar Imam , Sari Nila , Riawan Wibi
Published: November 2023

After tooth extraction, preservation of the socket is performed to maintain the alveolar bone dimension. The materials such as Bovine Bone Graft (BBG) are commonly used and in combination with propolis extract, it's hoped can accelerate the bone remodeling so as to increase the success of prosthodontics treatment and improve individual good health and well-being. This study aimed to determine the capability of the combination of propolis extract and BBG in alveolar bone regeneration in terms of SMAD3 expression and the area of woven bone. This study used 84 Cavia cobaya which were divided into 4 groups for the 3rd, 7th, and 30th day, each group consist of 7 subjects. The first mandibular incisor of the subject was extracted then the socket for each group was filled with PEG (K1), propolis extract (K2), BBG (K3), and a combination of propolis extract and BBG (K4). After the duration was reached, the experimental animals were terminated and the specimen were processed to evaluate the expression of SMAD3 and calculate the area of the woven bone. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). All groups expressed SMAD3 and demonstrated the presence of woven bone. The highest expression of SMAD3 and the area of woven bone were found in the K4 group on the 3rd, 7th, and 30th day. There were significant differences in each group (p = 0.00; p <0.05) both on the SMAD3 expression and the area of the woven bone. Propolis extract and BBG combination supports enhancement bone formation by increasing SMAD3 expression and woven bone area.
Phytochemical screening, Antiradical and Anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous bark extract acquired from Acacia nilotica
Authors: Manoharan Janani , Kumar Chinnakannu Nirmal , Ranganathan Babujanarthanam
Published: November 2023

Herbal medicaments are applied in the healing for numerous human illnesses from the sprouting of human civilization. The chemicals existed naturally within the plants displays antiradical features which are the principal agent for the neutralization of reactive oxygen species created within the living entities. Acacia nilotica from the Fabaceae family is a tree with magnificent therapeutic properties. Various sections of this tree are implemented in the traditional healing system. Specifically, the bark are applied to treat numerous health complaints. Here, owned to the medicinal features of bark of A.nilotica in the traditional practices, we prepared the aqueous bark extract from this tree and evaluated the antioxidant (antiradical) and anti-inflammatory activities. Hydroxyl radical scavenging protocol presented dose-based upsurge in the radical inhibition activity of the bark extract with maximum activity at 60 µg/ml and the IC50 value appeared as 43.35µg/ml. ABTS radical scavenging assay executed also displayed dose-lineated upsurge in the radical scavenging property of the tested bark extract with IC50 value as 41.07µg/ml. In both the radical scavenging assays, vitamin C was implemented for reference purpose. Even, the anti-inflammatory nature of the aqueous bark extract was performed applying egg albumin denaturation inhibition protocol. In a dose-lined way, the bark extract presented anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 calculated value as 73.62µg/ml with diclofenac sodium as reference medicament. Additionally, the phytochemical qualitative scrutiny presented the existence of steroids, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, phenols and flavonoids which were chiefly responsible for the pharmacological activities of bark aqueous extract.
Mice ovarian microbiome investigation divulges prospective fount of anticancer and antimicrobial metabolites
Authors: Pilakkavil Chirakkara Sreejesh , George Jiji , Abraham Asha
Published: November 2023

The impact of bacterial microbiome metabolites on human health, most particularly on the prevention and treatment of cancer, has gained significant interest in recent times. The study focused on the isolation of bacterial flora associated with the ovaries of 8-week-old mice and examined its ability to produce metabolites with potential antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The isolates were identified based on biochemical and 16S rRNA sequencing. The ethyl acetate extract from isolates was screened for antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity. The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the selected isolate against the ovarian carcinoma cell lines SKOV-3 and PA-1. The ethyl acetate extract from Bacillus velezensis OM03 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria, with a MIC value ranging from 50 to 100 µg/mL. Furthermore, the extracts demonstrated hydrogen peroxide and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities at rates of 88.50% and 87.78%, respectively. The extracts displayed substantial concentration-dependent antiproliferative/cytotoxic activities against SKOV-3 and PA-1 cell lines after 24 and 48 h of treatments, respectively. Further chemical analysis of the extract using HR-LCMS revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as myriocin, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, dihydrodeoxystreptomycin, cyclo (L-Phe-L-Pro), C16 sphinganine, and other twenty-nine compounds that have been formerly reported and are accountable for the targeted activities. Bacillus velezensis OM03 may be further investigated for the creation of novel therapeutics, particularly for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
The protective effect of Lemon Peel Essential Oil on Pancreas and Brain Oxidative Stress and Inflammation induced by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide in rats: Behavioral and Biochemical Evidences
Authors: Aboubi M El , S Bikri , N Berrid , M Aouane
Published: November 2023

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Moroccan lemon peel essential oil (LPEO) on various aspects such as anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anxiolytic activities in diabetic rats. The animals were divided into five groups: normal control group, diabetic control group, diabetic group treated with metformin (300mg/kg), and two diabetic groups treated with LPEO at doses of 0.6ml/kg and 1.2ml/kg, respectively. T2DM was induced in the rats by administering intraperitoneal injections of Streptozotocin and Nicotinamide. Treatment with LPEO or metformin was initiated immediately after confirming the presence of hyperglycemia and continued for a duration of four weeks. Anxiety-related behavior in the rats was assessed using two behavioral tests. 24 hours after conducting the behavioral tests, all rats were anesthetized, and blood samples were taken for the analysis of lipid parameters. The pancreas and brain were dissected to assess TNF-alpha, SOD, and MDA levels. Treatments with LPEO contributed significantly to the preservation of lipid profile and reduction of the atherosclerosis index in diabetic rats (p<.05). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in MDA and TNF-α concentration in the pancreas and brain of diabetic rats treated with LPEO associated with a remarkable increase in SOD activity in the pancreas and brain compared to diabetic control group (p<.05). Lastly, both LPEO and metformin treatments demonstrated significant improvements in anxiety-related behavior in this rat model (p<.05). These positive effects could potentially be attributed to the potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of both treatments.
Flavonoids - A Review on Natural Antioxidants
Authors: Parashar Deepesh , Kumar Meena Ajay , Sharma Manoj
Published: November 2023

As a result of the modern lifestyle, which includes processed foods, exposure to a large number of toxins and a lack of exercise oxidative stress is induced, due to which free radical production happens continually in all cells as part of normal cellular activity. Excess free radical generation, which can come from a variety of endogenous or exogenous sources, is thought to have a role in the ageing process and the development of illnesses. High levels of reactive oxygen species, on the other hand, destroy lipids, proteins, and DNA by blocking, scavenging, or accelerating their breakdown. Consumer concerns about the safety of their health have prompted the food sector to look for natural alternatives to manufactured equivalents. So now antioxidant capabilities of medicinal plants are being utilised for their capacity to treat or prevent a variety of human illnesses, one of which appears to be oxidative stress. Flavonoids are a class of polyphenol secondary metabolite which serves as a natural antioxidant and is present in a variety of plants and diets. Antiviral, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-aging, and other bioactive qualities are known to exist in them. Flavonoids are the topic of this review, including their varieties and sources, structural characteristics, and therapeutic implications.
A Comprehensive study on 2022 Monkey Pox Outbreak
Authors: Ashfaq Hussain Shaik , Mazhar Hussain Shaik , Prabhu Madhav , Asuncion Rolito
Published: November 2023

Monkeypox has been discovered in most of the US, except a few states, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The states with the most occurrences are Florida, New York, California, Illinois, and Illinois. It was first observed in laboratory monkeys in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1958, and was later recognized as a distinct illness. Numerous animal species are thought to act as a natural reservoir for the virus. Monkeypox was first identified in colonies of captive monkeys after two outbreaks of a disease that resembled the pox. The cause of the illness, known as "monkeypox," is still unknown. However, the virus can infect humans if it is carried by nonhuman primates (such as monkeys) or African rodents. These monkeypox viruses could be diagnosed using a variety of general methods. As a result, the researchers analyzed the symptoms of the monkeypox virus, an outbreak of the disease in various nations, risk factors for monkeypox infection, and several methods for monkeypox virus identification. This article also looks at the development of monkeypox virus cases in the month and year of May 2022.
Characterization and Reverse Engineering of Pharmaceuticals: Role of Thermoanalytical Techniques
Authors: Bal Gobardhan , K Lakshmi , M Rajkumar , C. Mohanta Bibhash
Published: November 2023

During pharmaceutical or biopharmaceutical drug product development, one of the most important steps to be followed is characterization and reverse engineering of the drug product. Out of so many characterization tools and orthogonal reverse engineering techniques, thermoanalytical methods are the most useful techniques. Different thermoanalytical techniques are used to identify, quantify and understand the interaction between different polymorphic forms of drug substances and excipients. These techniques are also used to monitor the physical form (amorphous or crystalline) of the drug substance in drug product throughout its manufacturing processes and helps in identifying, omitting or modifying the steps or processes responsible for change in physical or polymorphic form of the drug substance in the finished drug product. Thermoanalytical techniques are not only useful for characterization of small molecules but also extensively applied in analysis of biological samples and nano-formulations. In current scenario, pharmaceutical development specifically during generic drug development the most useful step is the reverse engineering. When reverse engineering of drug product is concerned, thermoanalytical techniques are the best tools to be used to prove the similarity of physico-chemical properties or same state of matter or arrangement of matter between test and reference products. However, in earlier days these techniques were not used as frequently as the other techniques like spectroscopy and chromatography. Various reasons for limited use of thermoanalytical techniques were unavailability of software or compatible hardware, manual sampling process and a tedious process of manual calculation which consumes lots of time. Now a day, due to advancement of technology, automation, use of robotics, and better understanding, and the thermal analysis not only become a powerful tool but also increase the throughput. The present review focuses on some of the most commonly used Thermoanalytical techniques e.g. Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Solution Calorimeter (SC), Thermo Mechanical Analysis (TMA) and Isothermal Titration Calorimeter (ITC) for characterization and reverse engineering of different dosage forms like solid oral dosage forms, injectable formulation, inhalation formulation, ophthalmic formulation, and biosimilar formulation products such as peptides and proteins using specific case studies.
Sustainable Ecology: Problems and the Perspective of Ecosystems in Tangkahan
Authors: Yuliana Yayuk , Rini Endang Sulistya , Sirojuzilam  , Situmorang Syafrizal Helmi
Published: November 2023

Tourism is a priority sector. Ecotourism involves the community as one of the main actors and prioritizes resource sustainability. Ecological tourism is a sub-category of sustainable tourism or one of the market segments of natural environment-based tourism. The issue of sustainable development has become an important issue that needs to be disseminated in the midst of society and our country can compete and develop following the era of globalization. Ecotourism provides environmental, cultural and economic benefits to local communities. This article describes the management of sustainable ecotourism destinations for a region in Indonesia. Qualitative method is a descriptive method used in this study to provide an overview of the object under study. The results of the study show that the development of ecotourism in Tangkahan is through ecotourism stakeholders who are involved in ecotourism development which in turn has an impact on ecotourism development. Pandemic- era tourism must be able to be developed properly so that health protocols are still carried out but can still attract visitors. Prepare plans that are in accordance with human needs for tourism but are still aligned with protocols for the health of visitors, managers and the community.
Analysis of Mutual Fund Investment Performance in the Ability to Regulate Higher Liquidity Increases in Indonesia
Authors: Dhiyaurrahman Azzam Fuadudin , Paminto Ardi , Azis Musdalifah
Published: November 2023

One indication of inclusive liquidity or vice versa is to detect investment patterns. The research method is descriptive-quantitative. The population taken is mutual funds that are selected based on the best return in 2022 and those that are publicly published in the Financial Services Authority (OJK). Following are the results of an analysis of mutual fund investment performance in the ability to regulate a higher liquidity increase in Indonesia in 2022-2023. Fixed Income Mutual Funds: Syailendra Premium mutual funds show good performance in generating relatively stable returns. However, the Trimegah Fixed Income Plan mutual fund has a poor performance with higher volatility and lower returns. Index Funds: BNP Paribas Sri Kehati Mutual Funds show good performance with high returns and controlled volatility. The Allianz SRI KEHATI Index Fund mutual fund also performed well. However, Danareksa Index Syariah Mutual Funds showed poor performance and high risk in that period. Equity Funds: Schroder Dana Prestasi Plus mutual funds provide good returns with more controlled risk compared to stock market indices as a whole. The Sucorinvest Equity Fund mutual funds show poor performance with negative returns. Money Market Mutual Funds: Indonesian Sharia Money Market Major Mutual Funds can be a minimal choice. Likewise with the Sucorinvest Sharia Money Market Fund mutual funds. So in general terms, Index Funds and Money Market Mutual Funds show better performance than Fixed Income Mutual Funds and Mutual Funds in general.
The Impact of Tax Socialization and the Stringency of Tax Sanctions on Taxpayer Compliance Among Business Owners in the Lembang Area
Authors: Silaen Oktaviani , Pangaribuan Hisar
Published: November 2023

This research was conducted to determine the effect of tax socialization and the strictness of tax sanctions on compliance by taxpayers who own a business. The population in this study are taxpayers who have businesses in the Lembang area. The quantitative method was used in this study, with primary data obtained from the questionnaire results. Selection of the sample in this study using the method of Purposive Sampling, with a total sample of 50. Descriptive statistical tests were carried out using the SPSS version 29 program. The results showed that tax socialization did not significantly affect the compliance of taxpayers who own businesses in the Lembang area, with a test number of 0.432 < 2.01174. In contrast, the strictness of tax sanctions significantly affected the compliance of taxpayers who have businesses in the Lembang area with a test number of 0.000 < 2.01174. This study shows that the socialization of taxation and the strictness of tax sanctions significantly affect the compliance of taxpayers who have businesses in the Lembang area with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05.
Gender Diversity and Sustainability Performance: The Role of Financial Technology Adoption as Moderator
Authors: Nugroho Dwiyanjana Santyo , Anita
Published: November 2023

This research is intended to explore the influence of gender diversity on financial and bank environmental performance. In addition, in order to strengthen the impact of gender diversity on financial performance and environmental performance, this research also tests the moderating effect of financial technology adoption. The population in this study examines banks that received the 2022 Digital Banking Awards, which is the research period from 2017-2022. The proportion of women on the Board of Commissioners and the Board of Directors is a proxy for gender diversity. This research method uses random effect models and fixed effect models in regression equations that test financial performance. Meanwhile, the regression model that tests environmental performance uses logit regression. This study shows that the percentage of females on boards has an impact on financial results, but not on environmental performance. The financial and environmental performance is not affected by the gender ratio in the board of directors. Other results show that, although financial technology can enhance the influence of women's representation on boards regarding environmental performance, but it does not have an impact on financial performance. On the other hand, the impact on financial and environmental performance of the proportion of women on the board of directors is not reduced by the adoption of financial technology. The implications of these findings provide input for regulators to determine the threshold for women's involvement on the board of directors.
Aksept og verdibasert atferdsterapi
Authors: Andersen Thorvald , Elen Asle Thude
Published: November 2023

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a form of contextual cognitive behavioural therapy. The present article briefly presents the philosophical foundation of ACT and a core understanding of precipitating and perpetuating factors in both physical and mental health. ACT aims to increase psychological flexibility and improve quality of life. ACT is transdiagnostic and is considered an evidence-based treatment for a wide range of psychological disorders. Using a case formulation of ‘Nadine’, we illustrate examples of ACT techniques and interventions that may facilitate meaningful change.

Keywords: psychological flexibility, transdiagnostic, case formulation, evidence-based
Tão humano quanto você
Authors: De Sousa e Silva Filho Dario , Montel Larissa
Published: November 2023

Utilizando o Rio de Janeiro como cenário de disparidades sociais, e com base em reflexões acerca do direito à cidade e o pressuposto de humanidade, o presente ensaio busca ecoar as vozes de pessoas em situação de rua nas suas vivências como os “outros” da cidade. A partir da análise de cartas elaboradas pela população de rua para os residentes em seu entorno, nas atividades de rodas de conversa do Projeto RUAS em 2019, percebe-se que os processos higienistas e de exclusão camuflam um debate mais pungente, do que (e de quem) é considerado humano em nossa sociedade. E a população em situação de rua está atenta a isso, no momento em que reforça uma série de reivindicações que clamam pela dignidade de um tratamento humano na cidade.
“É preciso comer com esperança”
Authors: Tarricone Garcia Mariana
Published: November 2023

Nos últimos anos as condições sociais da população brasileira têm se deteriorado, revelando um importante cenário de desemprego, insegurança alimentar e fome. A partir de 2016, o estado brasileiro iniciou um desmonte de políticas públicas de combate à fome, se intensificando ainda mais a partir de 2019. Apesar de ser evidente o aumento considerável da população em situação de rua, a fome entre essa população sequer é mensurada. Os direitos da População em Situação de Rua são constantemente violados, entre eles o Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada e Saudável, garantido constitucionalmente a partir de 2010. O artigo discute o aumento da pobreza, insegurança alimentar, fome e vulnerabilidade social, especialmente nos grandes centros urbanos brasileiros.
Operação Caronte e o vandalismo governamental na Cracolândia paulistana
Authors: Delgado Alves Ygor Diego , Gomes Pereira Pedro Paulo
Published: November 2023

Após 25 anos de atuação governamental sobre a Cracolândia, a Operação Caronte (OC) aparece como a perenização de ações violentas sobre as pessoas que vivem e frequentam a região. Os efeitos práticos mais relevantes da OC foram: 1) desestabilizara cena aberta de uso do crack; e 2) promover seu alargamento por diversos pontos que já haviam deixado de fazer parte da Cracolândia. Com base na ideia de vandalismo como recurso prático feito por traficantes de drogas em áreas que pretendem degradar para futuramente darem espaço ao tráfico e consumo de drogas; e considerando que o chamado crime seria tão importante para o capitalismo a ponto de, para Karl Marx, ser incorporado ao sistema, ao gerar novos serviços, como os de segurança, e oportunidades como a construção de novos bairros mais seguros. Nosso artigo propõe a ideia de vandalismo governamental, em busca de abarcar, o melhor possível, os desafios interpretativos presentes na OC. Concluímos que, de maneira semelhante a dos traficantes de drogas, a OC promove a decadência da cidade em um processo perene de vandalismo governamental, com intuito de expulsar os moradores, deixando-lhes a opção de se retirarem da região ou contratarem serviços de segurança.
COMPARISON OF SODIUM ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOTONIC VERSUS ISOTONIC MAINTENANCE INFUSIONS IN HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN
Authors: Karim Rahida , Afridi Jahanzeb Khan , Afaq Salman , Zaman Muhammad Batoor , Naeem Sobia , Zaman Maha Amjad
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE:                    
To compare Sodium abnormalities associated with Maintenance Infusions, Hypotonic versus isotonic in hospitalized children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
This study was a randomized control trial conducted in the Department of Pediatrics A Hayat Abad Medical Complex Peshawar from 28 October 2020 to 28 April 2021. All the admitted patients aged 1 year to 12 years requiring maintenance infusion and were nothing by mouth (NBM) for at least 48 hours and serum sodium between 135-145 mmol/l were included in the study. Patients with renal disease and on drugs affecting sodium level were excluded from the study. Two hundred and four patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were randomly classified into two groups A and B 102 each. Group A was given Isotonic fluids (0.9% Sodium Chloride and 5% Dextrose water with Potassium 20 mmol/L) and Group B was given hypotonic fluids (0.45% Sodium Chloride and 5% Dextrose water with Potassium 20 mmol/L). The baseline tests and targeted tests, such as CBC, Blood sugar, urea, creatinine, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride), osmolality, and arterial blood gases, were performed.
Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. The post-stratification chi-square test was utilized to examine potential effect modifiers, and results were presented in tables.
 
 
RESULTS:
For a total of 204, there were 43 (42.3%) female patients and 59 (57.8%) male patients in Group A. Eighty (78.4%) male patients and twenty-two (21.6%) female patients were documented in Group B. In Group A, 61 (59.8%) patients had ages of 1-6 years while 41 patients (40.2%) were 7-12 years old. Eighteen patients in this group developed hyponatremia after receiving isotonic fluids. Fifty-two (51.0%) patients in Group B were 1-6-year-old and 50 (49.0%) patients were 7-12 years old. while 49 patients in this group developed, hyponatremia receiving hypotonic fluids. Patients given isotonic fluids didn’t develop any complications (Hypernatremia and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis).
 
CONCLUSION:
On the basis of the results of this study, Isotonic intravenous maintenance fluids are a safe option in the pediatric population.
 
KEYWORDS:
Children, Intravenous fluids, Hypotonic, Isotonic Maintenance Infusions
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF FLUID-ATTENUATED INVERSION-RECOVERY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN DETECTION OF ACUTE SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE KEEPING LUMBER PUNCTURE AS GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Iftikhar Samia , Anjum Humaira
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of FLAIR MRI in identifying acute Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) using Lumber puncture (LP) as a gold standard.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:  This was a validation study conducted from 3rd September 2020 to 3rd February 2021 at the Department of Radiology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. The sample size was 266. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used. All alert patients aged 20-70 years with sudden acute headache, other signs of SAH (nausea, vomiting, blurring of vision, sensitivity to light, and neck stiffness), and GCS >13 were included in this study. SAH on FLAIR-MRI was determined based on high signals in the subarachnoid space on FLAIR. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated regarding sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. SPSS version 22 was used to perform statistical analysis of the data.
 
RESULTS: Mean age ranged from 20 to 70 years (46.3 + 14.1 years), with 58.6% male, and 41.4% female subjects. On FLAIR-MRI, SAH was observed in 65.4% of patients while SAH was recorded in 57.5% on follow-up LP. Sensitivity of FLAIR-MRI was found to be 91.5% and specificity 69.9%. FLAIR-MRI has 80.5% positive predictive value and 85.8% negative predictive value.
CONCLUSION: FLAIR-MRI is effective in accurately identifying SAH with high sensitivity and fair specificity. As such, it is a useful radiological tool for diagnosis of SAH in adults and further studies are recommended to confirm its usefulness.
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging, lumber puncture, subarachnoid hemorrhage, headache
ФАРМАКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА SALVIA OFFICINALIS И ЕГО КОМПОНЕНТОВ
Authors: АЙТБЕКОВ Р.Н. , МУРЗАХМЕТОВА М.К. , ЖАМАНБАЕВА Г.Т. , ЖУСУПОВА А.И.
Published: November 2023

Шалфей лекарственный (Salvia officinalis) — растение семейства губоцветных. Он произрастает на Ближнем Востоке и в Средиземноморье, но сегодня натурализован по всему миру. В народной медицине S. officinalis используется для лечения различных видов расстройств, включая судороги, язвы, подагру, ревматизм, воспаление, головокружение, тремор, паралич, диарею и гипергликемию. В последние годы это растение стало предметом интенсивных исследований, направленных на документирование его традиционного использования и поиск новых биологических эффектов. Эти исследования выявили широкий спектр фармакологической активности S. officinalis. В статье представлена обновленная информация о фармакологических результатах, о которых часто сообщалось в отношении S. officinalis. Эти результаты включают противоопухолевый, противовоспалительный, антиноцицептивный, антиоксидантный, противомикробный, антимутагенный, антидеменционный, гипогликемический и гиполипидемический эффекты. Также представлены и обсуждены химические компоненты, ответственные за фармакологические эффекты S. officinalis, и клинические исследования этого растения.
ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ ОБСТРУКТИВНАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ ЛЕГКИХ: ИММУНОПАТОГЕНЕЗ И ИММУНОМОДУЛИРУЮЩАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ
Authors: АКПАРОВА А.Ю. , КУРМАНОВА Г.М. , КАМЕЛЬЖАНОВА Б.Т. , ЖАНАЕВ А.Ж. , НИГМАТОВА Д.С.
Published: November 2023

Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) — распространенное бронхолегочное заболевание, в развитии и прогрессировании которого важную роль играет воспалительный процесс, вызванный воздействием вредных частиц и газов. Современные научные исследования предоставляют новые сведения о воспалении и привлечении иммунных клеток при ХОБЛ. В иммунопатогенезе заболевания участвуют как врожденный, так и адаптивный компоненты иммунной системы. Различные стимулы, такие как сигаретный дым, патоген-ассоциированные молекулярные паттерны и молекулярные паттерны, связанные с повреждением, могут активировать инфламмасому NLRP3, которая отвечает за инициацию воспалительного ответа. Воспаление характеризуется преимущественным повышением в дыхательных путях и легочной ткани альвеолярных макрофагов, нейтрофилов, лимфоцитов и врожденных лимфоидных клеток, которые вместе со структурными клетками продуцируют цитокины, хемокины, факторы роста и липидные медиаторы. Поскольку воспаление дыхательных путей при ХОБЛ плохо поддается лечению противовоспалительными препаратами, существует потребность в создании новых методов лечения, которые могут воздействовать на молекулярные и/или клеточные мишени. Цель обзора литературы заключалась в освещении последних достижений в изучении иммунопатогенеза и перспектив иммуномодулирующей терапии ХОБЛ. Ключевые слова: хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких, иммунопатогенез, иммуномодуляция, инфламмасома, иммунные клетки, цитокины, хемокины
COVID-19 ИНФЕКЦИЯСЫНЫҢ ЖҮКТІ ӘЙЕЛДЕРДЕГІ БОСАНУ ЖӘНЕ БОСАНҒАННАН КЕЙІНГІ КЕЗЕҢДЕ ЖАҒДАЙЫН БАҒАЛАУ
Authors: ТУКТИБАЕВА С.А. , РЫСКЕЛЬДИЕВА К.Н. , БАЙМАХАНОВА Б.Б. , ЖОЛЫМБЕКОВА Л.Д.
Published: November 2023

COVID-19 вирусының ұрыққа әсері әлі күнге дейін көптеген пікірталастар мен зерттеулердің тақырыбы болып табылады, COVID-19 бар әйелдердің мерзімінен бұрын босану қаупі жоғары екендігі туралы деректер бар; дамып келе жатқан ұрыққа тікелей тератогендік әсері дәлелденбеген. Қазіргі уақытта COVID-19 бар жүкті әйелдің босану кезінде балаға вирус жұқтыруы мүмкін екендігі белгісіз. Бүгінгі күні вирус амниотикалық сұйықтық, плацента және емшек сүтінің үлгілерінде табылған жоқ. Алайда, COVID-19 бар жүкті әйелдердің асқынуларына мыналар жатады: түсік түсіру, ұрықтың өсуінің кешеуілдеуі, мерзімінен бұрын босану. Зерттеудің мақсаты: COVID-19 инфекциясымен ауырған жүкті әйелдерде босанудың ағымы және босанғаннан кейінгі кезеңге баға беру. COVID-19 ауырған жүкті әйелдерде жүктіліктің және босанудың ағымы бойынша ретроспективті талдау жүргізілді. Жүктілік COVID-19 пандемиясынан кейін әйелдердің 88,1% (53/60), салыстыру тобындағы жүкті әйелдердің 96% (58/60) (χ2=4,695, p=0,030) уақытында босанумен аяқталды. Мерзімінен бұрын босану пандемиялық тұмаумен ауырған жүкті әйелдерде жиі кездеседі. Мерзімінен бұрын босанудың даму жиілігі инфекцияның ауырлығына және гестация кезеңіне тікелей байланысты болды.
КОМПОНЕНТНЫЙ СОСТАВ И АНТИМИКРОБНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ ОБРАЗЦОВ ЭФИРНОГО МАСЛА HYSSOPUS AMBIGUUS (TRAUTV.) ILJIN, СОБРАННОГО НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ КАРАГАНДИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: ЛАКОМКИНА Е.В. , АХМЕТОВА С.Б. , АТАЖАНОВА Г.А. , ИШМУРАТОВА М.Ю.
Published: November 2023

Проведено изучение компонентного состава и антимикробной активности эфирного масла Hyssopus ambiguus (Trautv.) Iljin (иссоп сомнительный), произрастающего на территории Карагандинской области Республики Казахстан. Цель исследования: изучение компонентного состава и антимикробной активности образцов эфирного масла, полученного из надземной части растения, собранного в окрестностях г. Каркаралинска, и собранного в окрестностях пос. Сортау. Материалы и методы. Эфирные масла получены методом дистилляции с водяным паром в аппарате Клевенджера. Компонентный состав эфирных масел определяли методом газовой хроматографии на хроматографе марки Agilent-7890A MSD 5975C. Скрининг образцов эфирных масел на антимикробную активность осуществляли на кафедре биомедицины в учебной микробиологической лаборатории НАО «Медицинский университет Караганды». Результаты. Основным компонентом обоих образцов эфирного масла является 1,8-цинеол. Данные образцы показали высокую антибактериальную активность в отношении Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 6538 и Bacillus subtilis АТСС 6633. Перспективы исследования. Образцы эфирных масел Hyssopus ambiguus (Trautv.) Iljin, собранного на территории Карагандинской области, могут использоваться как основа для разработки лекарственных средств с антибактериальными свойствами.
ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ НИЗКОДОЗИРОВАННОГО СИЛДЕНАФИЛА В УРОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ
Authors: ШАЛЕКЕНОВ Б.У. , КУАНДЫКОВ Е.А. , КУРМАНГАЛИЕВ О.М.
Published: November 2023

Эректильная дисфункция (ЭД) является клинико-социальной проблемой, оказывающей значительное отрицательное влияние на качество жизни мужчин. Результат скринингового исследования 24 369 мужчин Республики Казахстан проведенного Научным центром урологии им. Б.У. Джарбусынова 2014г. — признаки эректильной дисфункции, выраженные в различной степени, были выявлены у 56,3% мужчин. Для терапии эректильной дисфункции, помимо изменения образа жизни, питания, также рекомендуется медикаментозная терапия препаратами, которые ингибирует фосфодиэстеразу 5-го типа (5ФДЭ). В литературе описываются новые подходы в терапии мужчин с эректильной дисфункции в виде курсового применения низких доз ингибиторов 5ФДЭ. Материал и методы. В 2021-2022г. проведено наблюдательное, ретроспективное исследование, в которое были включены 100 мужчин в возрасте от 40 до 65 лет с установленным диагнозом «Эректильная дисфункция»; показателями МИЭФ-5 ≥ 8 баллов; ПСА общего ≤ 4 нг/мл и свободного ≤ 0,93 нг/мл. Результаты. Целью исследования было оценить эффективность и переносимость низкой дозы силденафила при назначении курсовой терапии у пациентов с психогенной эректильной дисфункцией. Всем пациентам была назначена курсовая терапия силденафилом по схеме 25 мг через 1 день в течение 4 недель. Исследование завершили все 100 пациентов (100%). После курсовой терапии силденафилом 25 мг через 4 недель по МИЭФ прирост ≥ 6 баллов наблюдался в 84% случаев, прирост ≥ 8 баллов наблюдался у 63% случаев, по СФМ средний прирост ≥ 11,03 баллов. Выводы. Длительный, регулярный прием силденафилом 25 мг восстанавливил естественную эректильную функцию у 86% пациентов с психогенной ЭД.
Assessment of the quality of services offered by Basic Health Units (UBSs) in the city of Marabá, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Gama Eliani da Silva , Jesus Luanna Gomes , Fernandes Reimison Moreira , Nagata Verônica de Menezes Nascimento , Santos Iedo Souza
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to assess the services provided to users in five Basic Health Units (UBSs) in the city of Marabá, in the state of Pará, Brazil. For this purpose, the SERVQUAL Scale, which measures user satisfaction, was adapted to the municipality's reality, resulting in 15 statements about the expectations and perceptions of these users. The research instrument (questionnaire) was administered to 695 users, thus obtaining the differences (research gaps) for each unit. The overall observed result revealed that users of these units are dissatisfied, as in all dimensions analyzed for each UBS, there were negative gaps, and items indicating a lack of agility in execution and failure to meet agreed-upon deadlines received the worst evaluations in all surveyed units. The presented results can serve as a foundation for expanding discussions in the field of quality management and, from a practical standpoint, for managers aiming to promote improvements in the provision of services offered in UBSs.
Mind, brain and education: neuropsychological contributions to executive function training in the classroom with students with ADHD
Authors: Loureiro Vitor da Silva , Oikawa Keiko  da Costa , Cardoso Fabrício Bruno
Published: November 2023

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the neurodevelopmental disorders with the highest incidence in children and adolescents. With multifactorial characteristics, ADHD leads to impairments in executive functioning, for example, in skills related to Executive Functions (EFs) such as behavior control, sustaining attention and mastering activity levels or impulses, usually leading to impairments in learning. The aim of this article was to carry out a literature review as a contribution of neuropsychology to training EFs in the classroom with students with ADHD.  An exploratory study was carried out, followed by descriptive or experimental research. Searches were carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde-Psicologia Brasil (BVSPSI), Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PEPSIC) databases, in the journals available in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), in PUBMED and in textbooks. Covering publications from 2017 to 2023, 8 articles were selected for analysis. The bibliographic survey showed the importance of studies on ADHD related to EFs, and it is important for teachers to stimulate these functions, as studies have shown that they have minimized the impact on learning deficits in students with ADHD, and that they can consequently bring about better emotional regulation. This review provided evidence showing that EF training improves executive functioning, reducing ADHD symptoms and leading to improvements in academic functioning. It is suggested that further empirical research into EF intervention by educators for students with ADHD with greater breadth and sampling needs to be carried out.
An Epistemic Survey of African (Igbo) Notions of Knowledge in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart
Authors:   University of Port Harcourt, Ihejirika Cardinal Chinanu
Published: November 2023

This study undertakes an epistemic survey of the notions of knowledge among Igbos of Nigeria as couched in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. In this work, Achebe relives the vibrant world of Igbo people before the advent of colonialists in Nigeria. The study therefore unveils the roles and significances of knowledge among the Igbos, the beauty and depth of the people’s values system as enshrined in their culture and traditions. It also exposes the place of elders and oral tradition as both purveyors and repository of knowledge hence, their relevance in Igbo knowledge acquisition process. The work showcases that life among the Igbos was chiefly communal. Knowledge in this society, was acquired through collective experience and wisdom by individual persons’ participation in the community’s rituals, myths and folklores. However, the researcher adopted the hermeneutical and textual analysis methods of inquiry which enabled us to interpret and analyse the Novel, Things Fall Apart. In line with our hermeneutical method, we clarified the meaning of Omenani (traditions) of the people and its’ influence on the epistemology of the people. Our study found that any strongly held beliefs or cultural values which bring only crises when people of different cultures interact necessitates the need for the cultivation of proper epistemological modesty instead of a tenacious attachment to customs and traditions. Lastly, our study recommends a relevant epistemic change as panacea to cultural and social rifts. This more balanced knowledge system being recommended has the capacity of engendering inter-cultural interactions and ensuring social harmony even in the face of the challenges of cultural globalization. This novel problem-solving system is located in our idea of epistemic inter-culturalism.
Dynamics of Terrorism and International Criminal Law
Authors: Ogbe Richard Suofade
Published: November 2023

This paper seeks to analyse and showcase the contemporary applicable prevailing developments vis-a-vis the concept of terrorism under international criminal law. It showcases the jurisprudence for the criminalization of terrorism under international criminal law. This paper further seeks to critique the advancement of the idea of terrorism in international law and highlights some contemporary developments with emphasis on aspects relevant to international criminal law.This paper equally seeks to analyze the fundamental distinction between terrorism as a treaty crime and terrorism as an international crime.One intriguing problem is a generally accepted definition and structuralexponential concern and analysis of terrorism under universal jurisprudence. Despite the problems of definition and distinction, the contemporary generally accepted trend is the criminalisation of international terrorism in any form or structure to guarantee international peace and security.
Legal Issues in Remand Proceedings under the Administration of Criminal Justice in Nigeria
Authors: Imam Aliyu Aliyu , Mohammed Idris Baba
Published: November 2023

The Administration of Criminal Justice Laws in Nigeria that replaced the Criminal Procedure Code and the Criminal Procedure Act has brought “Remand Proceeding” as part of her innovation. This however appears in all regard as legislating and legalising the condemned “Holding Charge”. This innovative provision was greeted with heated disdain, disapproval and unwelcome criticism. It is seen as unconstitutional and contrary to the policy of criminal litigation procedure. It was held to have usurp the right to personal liberty, dignity and fair hearing of an accused defendant whose remand order will be handed down based on anex-parte application. This discourse investigates these assertions based on the principles and laws governing criminal litigation in Nigeria. The objective is to determine the significance velnon of the Remand Proceeding and its constitutionality. This piece founds that, the provisions dealing with remand proceedings are complementary to the constitution and serves the need of criminal litigation to curb the excesses of the prosecuting authorities. The significance therefore outweighs the perceived disadvantages of the procedure.
Has the Controversy on the Jurisdiction of Federal High Court over Unregistered Trade Marks Matters Finally Been Resolved?
Authors: Umaru M. J. , Anigbogu Bridget , Doma Halima
Published: November 2023

The uncanny characteristics of unregistered trade marks (TM) and its enforceability in Nigerian courts leave a wild imagination as to its legal protection and the appropriate court to seek redress and enforcement. Not only is the status of unregistered TM shaky, there is also the question as to which court can enforce same. Thus, the coordinate adjudicatory powers of the Federal High Court and the State High Court have been put to test in this instance. A joint reading of the Nigerian Constitution and the Trade Marks Act seem to have robed the Federal High Court of its exclusive or unilateral original jurisdiction to hear and determine TM cases in general. Yet, these statutory provisions enjoin divergent judicial pronouncements for and against the courts in issue. This paper reviewed the statutory provisions on trademarks and passing off as well as the Supreme Court decisions on the issue with a view to determining whether the apex court has overruled itself in its earlier decisions, now generally conferring exclusive jurisdiction on Federal High Court, in respect of all matters relating to trademarks and passing off particularly for non registered TM.The paper concluded that the latest pronouncement of the Supreme Court on the issue was predicated on the subsisting and applicable law then as well as the peculiar facts of the case and, therefore, not a clear departure from its earlier position on unregistered trademarks.
Role of Mathematics in Neuroscience
Authors:   Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India, Srivastava Trisha
Published: November 2023

With the growing role and application of mathematics in almost every field it is no doubt that it plays an experimental and crucial role in an advancing field of neuroscience which is still under constant research. The aim of the report is two fundamental points: to show how mathematical models that enlighten a few pieces of neuroscience can be built, principally by depicting both "exemplary" and recent models; what's more, to make sense of mathematical techniques by which these models can be investigated, in this way yielding pre-expressions and clarifications that can be applied as a powerful influence for experimental information. To show how somewhat straightforward mathematical models and their investigations can help comprehension of certain areas and activity of brain and central nervous systems. In computational neuroscience a model is recorded which is an estimate of the connection between a bunch of information; however, there is no formal intelligent way to "demonstrate" the model right or wrong. So mathematical recreations are done. The role of mathematics in neuroscience has been elaborated and discussed.
Fake News Detection Using LSTM in TensorFlow and Deep Learning
Authors:   Amity School of Engineering and Technology Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India, Singh Yuvraj
Published: November 2023

Today's culture has seen a significant rise in fake news, especially with the emergence of social media platforms where misinformation may spread swiftly. False information may have detrimental effects, such as influencing elections, encouraging hate speech, and eroding trust in reliable news sources. Identification of false news has become a hot topic in recent years, with several solutions being proposed for the problem. The paper discusses LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), and Convolution Neural Network (CNN)-based deep learning-based algorithms for identifying fake news. The "ISOT Fake News dataset," "News Dataset from TI-CNN," and "Getting Real About Fake News dataset" are among the datasets that were used. Following preprocessing methods such as stop keyword removal, stemming, and tokenization are used, these datasets are subjected to word embedding. This processed data is used to train the LSTM model, which determines whether or not news reports are fake. Performance metrics including precision, recall, accuracy, and F1-score provide as proof of the recommended model's efficacy in identifying fake news. Comparisons with other state-of-the-art models show its improved efficacy. In terms of both accuracy and F1-score, the CNN beat the standard LSTM and BiLSTM models. CNN-BiLSTM is most effective model, having superior findings as well as efficiency across the three datasets.