bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential Effects of Endogenous and Exogenous Attention on Sensory Tuning
Authors: Fernández Antonio , Okun Sara , Carrasco Marisa
Published: December 2021

Covert spatial attention (without concurrent eye movements) improves performance in many visual tasks (e.g., orientation discrimination and visual search). However, both covert attention systems—endogenous (voluntary) and exogenous (involuntary)—exhibit differential effects on performance in tasks mediated by spatial and temporal resolution suggesting an underlying mechanistic difference. We investigated whether these differences manifest in sensory tuning by assessing whether and how endogenous and exogenous attention differentially alter the representation of two basic visual dimensions—orientation and spatial frequency (SF). The same human observers detected a grating embedded in noise in two separate experiments (with endogenous or exogenous attention cues). Reverse correlation was used to infer the underlying neural representation from behavioral responses, and we linked our results to established neural computations via a normalization model of attention. Both endogenous and exogenous attention similarly improved performance at the attended location by enhancing the gain of all orientations without changing tuning width. In the SF dimension, endogenous attention enhanced the gain of SFs above and below the target SF, whereas exogenous attention only enhanced those above. Additionally, exogenous attention shifted peak sensitivity to SFs above the target SF, whereas endogenous attention did not. Both covert attention systems modulated sensory tuning via the same computation (gain changes). However, there were differences in the strength of the gain. Compared with endogenous attention, exogenous attention had a stronger orientation gain enhancement but a weaker overall SF gain enhancement. These differences in sensory tuning may underlie differential effects of endogenous and exogenous attention on performance.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCovert spatial attention is a fundamental aspect of cognition and perception that allows us to selectively process and prioritize incoming visual information at a given location. There are two types: endogenous (voluntary) and exogenous (involuntary). Both typically improve visual perception, but there are instances where endogenous improves perception but exogenous hinders perception. Whether and how such differences extend to sensory representations is unknown. Here we show that both endogenous and exogenous attention mediate perception via the same neural computation—gain changes—but the strength of the orientation gain and the range of enhanced spatial frequencies depends on the type of attention being deployed. These findings reveal that both attention systems differentially reshape the tuning of features coded in striate cortex.
Cross Talk between α7 and α3β4 Nicotinic Receptors Prevents Their Desensitization in Human Chromaffin Cells
Authors: Jiménez-Pompa Amanda , Sanz-Lázaro Sara , Omodolor Romidan Ewere , Medina-Polo José , González-Enguita Carmen , Blázquez Jesús , McIntosh J. Michael , Albillos Almudena
Published: December 2021

The physical interaction and functional cross talk among the different subtypes of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) expressed in the various tissues is unknown. Here, we have investigated this issue between the only two nAChRs subtypes expressed, the α7 and α3β4 subtypes, in a human native neuroendocrine cell (the chromaffin cell) using electrophysiological patch-clamp, fluorescence, and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) techniques. Our data show that α7 and α3β4 receptor subtypes require their mutual and maximal efficacy of activation to increase their expression, to avoid their desensitization, and therefore, to increase their activity. In this way, after repetitive stimulation with acetylcholine (ACh), α7 and α3β4 receptor subtypes do not desensitize, but they do with choline. The nicotinic current increase associated with the α3β4 subtype is dependent on Ca2+. In addition, both receptor subtypes physically interact. Interaction and expression of both subtypes are reversibly reduced by tyrosine and serine/threonine phosphatases inhibition, not by Ca2+. In addition, expression is greater in human chromaffin cells from men compared to women, but FRET efficiency is not affected. Together, our findings indicate that human α7 and α3β4 subtypes mutually modulate their expression and activity, providing a promising line of research to pharmacologically regulate their activity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDesensitization of nicotinic receptors is accepted to occur with repetitive agonist stimulation. However, here we show that human native α3β4 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes do not desensitize, and instead, increase their activity when they are activated by the physiological agonist acetylcholine (ACh). An indispensable requirement is the activation of the other receptor subtype with maximal efficacy, and the presence of Ca2+to cooperate in the case of the α3β4 current increase. Because choline is an α3β4 partial agonist, it will act as a limiting factor of nicotinic currents enhancement in the absence of ACh, but in its presence, it will further potentiate α7 currents.
The Influence of Foreign Language Accounting Vocabulary Competencies, Accounting Competencies and Computer Competencies on MYOB Learning Outcomes
Authors: Murdiyati Uki , Habibi Beni , Basukiyatno Basukiyatno
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to determine how the influence of mastery of basic accounting vocabulary, accounting competence and computer competence on MYOB accounting computer learning outcomes. The research was included in the quantitative type with the correlational method. The population in this study were students of class XI Accounting at SMK NU 1 Islamiyah Kramat, totalling 115 students in the 2020-2021 academic year. Sampling was carried out by using a random technique using the proportional random sampling method and calculated using the Slovin formula in order to obtain 97 students. This study used primary data sources obtained from tests to measure the level of mastery of English accounting vocabulary, accounting competence and computer competence. Meanwhile, secondary data sources were obtained from several sources which were considered to have relevance to the research. Data analysis used multiple linear regression method. The results of the study, both simultaneously and partially, showed a significant influence between foreign language accounting vocabulary competence, accounting competence and computer competence on MYOB learning outcomes. Suggestions for further research are to examine learning outcomes by presenting intervening variables and linking them with other independent variables.
REGISTROS DE DELINCUENTES SEXUALES
Authors: Martínez Guerra Amparo
Published: December 2021

Los Registros de Delincuentes Sexuales son una institución implantada por diversos Ordenamientos Jurídicos para proteger a la infancia y a la adolescencia. Las prohibiciones de la inscripción registral restringen derechos fundamentales del condenado y determinan el modelo de distribución del riesgo entre el individuo y la sociedad. Tanto los ordenamientos jurídicos anglosajones como los continentales acuden a su naturaleza administrativa para defender su respeto a la prohibición de irretroactividad de la sanción y a un proceso con todas las garantías. La jurisprudencia constitucional de muchos órganos empieza a defender la necesidad de que los sistemas de registro y notificación cuenten con procedimientos de revisión del riesgo de reincidencia, especialmente en aquellos casos en los que la inscripción puede extenderse por periodos de hasta treinta años o incluso de por vida.
La suspensión de la ejecución de la pena de prisión con imposición de «prestaciones o medidas»
Authors: Alastuey Carmen
Published: December 2021

La Ley Orgánica 1/2015, de reforma del Código Penal, modificó la regulación de las alternativas a la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad. Entre las novedades destaca la supresión de la sustitución de las penas de prisión del artículo 88 del Código Penal y la introducción, como contrapartida, de una modalidad excepcional de suspensión de la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad que lleva aparejada la imposición obligatoria de «prestaciones o medidas» de carácter punitivo —multa y trabajos en beneficio de la comunidad—. Asimismo, estas prestaciones pueden imponerse facultativamente en las demás modalidades de suspensión. En el presente trabajo se analizan las repercusiones de estos cambios en el fundamento y configuración de la suspensión de la ejecución (artículos 80 y siguientes del Código Penal), con especial énfasis en el estudio del citado supuesto excepcional de suspensión.
LA UTILIZACIÓN DE TWITTER Y FACEBOOK COMO HERRAMIENTAS DE COMUNICACIÓN POLÍTICA EN EL PARTIDO POPULAR Y POR ÁVILA. UN CASO DE ESTUDIO: LAS ELECCIONES MUNICIPALES DE 201
Authors: Luque Sergio
Published: December 2021

Los partidos políticos afrontan un nuevo escenario comunicativo complejo en el que las nuevas tecnologías tienen un protagonismo mayúsculo. A través de las redes sociales, las diferentes formaciones políticas promueven la adhesión con el votante. Al respecto, la investigación muestra cómo ha cambiado la comunicación política con el uso de las redes sociales convirtiéndose en herramientas empleadas en las campañas electorales. Se ha analizado la utilización de Facebook y Twitter por parte de las formaciones políticas Partido Popular y Por Ávila, un partido de nuevo cuño, en las elecciones municipales de 2019 al Ayuntamiento de Ávila. A nivel metodológico se ha realizado un análisis cuantitativo sobre la utilización de las redes sociales por parte de las formaciones objeto del estudio. Los resultados anuncian que la comunicación digital es una asignatura pendiente, no tanto para una formación como Por Ávila, sino para el Partido Popular dándose múltiples áreas de mejora.
AUGE ELECTORAL DE LA EXTREMA DERECHA ESPAÑOLA. ANÁLISIS DE LA IRRUPCIÓN Y EVOLUCIÓN DEL VOTO DE VOX (2018-2019)
Authors: Vicente Gemma , Rodríguez Martínez Gonzalo , González Gómez Álvaro
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación pretende ser una recapitulación pormenorizada desde los postulados clásicos de la Ciencia Política cuya finalidad será la de ordenar y explicar el auge y consolidación del partido de extrema derecha VOX dentro del sistema político y de partidos en España. Para ello, realizaremos un análisis que constará de tres prismas, a saber, un primero que se pregunta acerca de las determinaciones que posibilitan el nacimiento y crecimiento del partido basado en una revisión bibliográfica. Un segundo prisma cuyo objetivo será el de describir a aquellos ciudadanos que optan por votar a VOX diseñando perfiles de votantes, y un último, dedicado a explicar la composición del voto a VOX a través de modelos de regresión logística binaria. De esta forma, tratamos de responder a tres preguntas : ¿Por qué surge VOX?, ¿Quién vota a VOX? Y ¿Cuáles son los elementos explicativos del voto a VOX?
An Economic Perspective on the Intergenerational Transmission of Wealth Inequality
Authors: Lyu Kefei , Niu Xiaoxuan , Zhou Yucheng
Published: December 2021

Intergenerational transmission of wealth is a long-standing component of society. With the current accelerated economic development, the forms of wealth transmission and the ways in which it affects individuals’ lives have gradually become more complicated. In this article, we explore the economic performance and basic flow patterns of intergenerational transmission. We first discuss the key factors of personal and family wealth accumulation. We then consider how social performance affects the phenomenon of intergenerational transmission and the macro-channels of the current transmission mode. Finally, while intergenerational transmission is widespread in society, its importance has not attracted widespread attention from socioeconomic researchers and this paper makes suggestions for further study of the phenom ena. Our main conclusion is that in current society, intergenerational transmission both directly and indirectly influences the lives of members of society in multiple ways, such as through income, employment and education. If a basic understanding of the phenomenon of intergenerational transmission can be established, it will assist people in making relevant decisions more scientifically and allow them to have a fairer life experience.
Una leve travesía semiótica por el humor, el "musement"y la revolución inesperada
Authors: Andacht Fernando
Published: December 2021

En este artículo, revisito el sugerente análisis de la comunicación humorística de Rafael Núñez Ramos desde la semiótica triádica de C. S. Peirce. Conceptos usados por el investigador español como gracia, epifanía, el juego, mundos posibles y reglas que desafían reglas, para describir el proceso semiótico que genera la sonrisa y la risa en diversos textos son discutidos a la luz de nociones como el musement, la iconicidad y las categorías fenomenológicas peirceanas, con las que el fundador de la semiótica analiza la experiencia en todas sus modalidades. A modo de poner en funcionamiento el análisis que propuso Núñez Ramos, utilizo un ejemplo audiovisual, la serie web uruguaya Tiranos Temblad. Una semana de acontecimientos uruguayos (2012-). En su última edición presenta algo que llama con su humor habitual “un resumen” de 2020. De modo inusual, el montaje de la serie combina caóticamente un genuino acontecimiento – la llegada de la pandemia – con la habitual graciosa secuencia de normalemas. La leve gracia de sus signos genera un momento epifánico de resistencia humorística contra la anomia de la decretada Nueva Normalidad.
Historia, ficción y ejemplaridad: santos y caballeros en los orígenes de la narrativa castellana
Authors: Baños Vallejo Fernando
Published: December 2021

El análisis comparativo de los prólogos del Zifar y del Amadís con los de algunos flores sanctorum del siglo xvi (en especial el de Villegas), muestra que el deslinde entre historia y ficción es problemático, en una época en que la ficción no se justificaba por sí misma. Para salvar este inconveniente, los autores de ambos géneros confluyeron en destacar la ejemplaridad como razón de ser de sus obras, lo cual, además de otras coincidencias, aproxima hagiografía y libros de caballerías, dos modelos a menudo contrapuestos. Al dar preeminencia a la realidad moral sobre la empírica, se diluyen las dicotomías historia / ficción o verdadero / falso.

La observación de sus artificios justificativos, innecesarios en la estética contemporánea, da la medida de la distancia entre nuestros criterios y los que guiaron la producción literaria y la lectura de aquellos tiempos.
Sobre la definición de tragedia
Authors: Cueto Pérez Magdalena
Published: December 2021

Este artículo aborda el estudio de la tragedia griega a partir de la teoría de Aristóteles. En él se examinan los requisitos que la Poética establece para la composición de la fábula, teniendo en cuenta que a ella se supeditan los caracteres y pensamientos de los personajes, así como su implicación en el efecto trágico. De la axiología aristotélica deducimos la presencia en la Poética de una teoría del entretenimiento, vinculada a la catarsis, compatible con el valor estético de la obra, pero no equiparable al mismo.
La ficción policial de Lorenzo Silva o poética del escepticismo práctico
Authors: Frechilla Díaz Emilio
Published: December 2021

La literatura es un modo de conocimiento de la realidad que llega al lector a través del lenguaje literario. El presente artículo analiza la manera en que Lorenzo Silva aprovecha y combina los diferentes mecanismos de la narrativa policial para transmitir literariamente una visión personal de la realidad española. A lo largo de diez novelas y varios relatos breves, que se inician en 1998 con El lejano país de los estanques y se cierran por ahora con El mal de Corcira de 2020, Lorenzo Silva emplea a un peculiar Guardia Civil, Rubén Bevilacqua, para investigar casos aparentemente sencillos que en realidad reflejan problemas más profundos de la sociedad española actual y suministran las claves para comprenderla.
Verdad y ficción. Literatura y política
Authors: Villanueva Darío
Published: December 2021

El estatuto lógico de un enunciado literario es diferente al que le corresponde a un acto de comunicación estándar, tanto escrito como oral. Tal distinción remite a dos principios básicos de la Pragmática lingüística, el de cooperación y el de sinceridad. Cuando nos comunicamos con alguien, no solo tendemos a creer lo que nos dice, sino que rechazamos la idea de que su conducta a este respecto pudiera ser la opuesta. Por el contrario, al leer una novela, asumimos voluntariamente la «willing suspensión of disbelief» así definida por Coleridge. Se trata, en definitiva, de la diferencia fundamental existente entre ficción y realidad o verdad. Pero semejante distinción, tan clara, puede ser objeto de revisiones, contradicciones y manipulaciones, cuya incidencia se intensifica cuando desde el universo literario damos el salto a la utilización del lenguaje en la comunicación política.
La suspensión de derechos fundamentales: una visión crítica tras la crisis de la Covid-19
Authors: De Parte Arroyo Francés Claudia
Published: December 2021

La actual crisis ocasionada por la Covid-19 ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de renovar nuestro Derecho de excepción. En el presente trabajo se resalta la importancia de la suspensión del artículo 55.1 CE, que a día de hoy sigue sin estar claro cuál es su contenido. Como respuesta ante este problema, proponemos una forma de definir la suspensión del artículo 55.1 CE y planteamos un modo de afrontar las situaciones de emergencia partiendo de una interpretación respetuosa con la Constitución, que nos ha de servir de parámetro mientras no se configure el significado de la suspensión. Para finalizar, realizamos una valoración de los problemas que ha acarreado esta ausencia de definición en relación con la forma en que se ha afrontado la crisis de la Covid-19 en España.
Medicamentos y productos sanitarios defectuosos: un análisis de la protección de consumidores bajo el régimen general
Authors: Cabrera del Barrio Carmen
Published: December 2021

Cualquier consumidor puede encontrarse con que el producto que ha adquirido resulta ser defectuoso. Cuando se trata de un medicamento o producto sanitario, la cuestión cobra especial relevancia, habida cuenta de que quien lo consume o hace uso de él busca precisamente un efecto directo en su salud, mejorándola. De ahí la importancia de que este tipo de productos ofrezca una eficacia y condiciones de seguridad adecuadas. La responsabilidad civil por productos defectuosos se regula a través de un régimen general para todo tipo de productos. Este análisis estudia cómo se aplica en el ámbito sanitario este régimen general de protección de consumidores, a falta de un régimen ad hoc. A pesar de aplicarse una regulación genérica, la jurisprudencia palía, en cierta medida, la carencia de regulación sanitaria específica.
Added value of 3D-DRIVE and SWI Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences in Intraventricular Neurocysticercosis (IVNCC): An Institutional Experience from Northeast India
Authors: Boruah Deb K. , Gogoi Bidyut Bikash , Das Kuntal Kanti , Sarma Kalyan , Phukan Pranjal , Singh Binoy Kumar , Hazarika Karuna , Jaiswal Awadhesh
Published: December 2021

Background: Prompt diagnosis and early treatment institution are important in intraventricular neurocysticercosis(IVNCC) as compared to the parenchymal or racemose form because it is associated with a poorer patient prognosis. Intraventricular neurocysticercosis is often missed on CT scan or conventional cranial magnetic resonance imaging because of similar density or signal intensity of cysticercus lesion with cerebrospinal fluid. Thestudy aims to evaluate the added value of 3D-DRIVE and SWI MRI sequences in isolated intraventricular cysticercosis with acute neurological presentation.Methods and Materials: This retrospective study was carried out on diagnosed 10patients with isolated intraventricular neurocysticercosis(IVNCC) presented to a tertiary care hospital with an acute onset of symptoms or acute neurological deficit between June 2019 to May 2021. Relevant neurological examination, CSF analysis, a serological test of neurocysticercosis and MRI scan of the brain were performed.Result: Tenpatients of isolated intraventricular neurocysticercosis (3 males and 7 females) having 3 pediatric and7 adults were included in this study sample.The common neurological complications of the isolated intraventricular neurocysticercosis in this study are observed as obstructive hydrocephalus in 8(80%) patients and ependymitis in 7(70%) patients.IVNCC with distinctly visualized scolex (visibility score 2) identified in 2(20%) patients in T2WI, 8 (80%)patients in 3D-DRIVE and 3(30%) patients in SWI sequences. The cyst wall of IVNCC was distinctly visualized (visibility score 2) in 1(10%) patient in T2WI, 8(80%) patientsin 3D-DRIVE and 6(60%) patients in SWI sequence.Conclusion: Heavily T2-weighted steady-state and SWI sequences should be added to routine MRI sequences that helps to identify IVNCC and should be used in patients with unexplained hydrocephalus, especially in endemic regions of Neurocysticercosis.
An Initiative to Reduce Insulin-Related Adverse Drug Events in a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Lawson Sarah A. , Hornung Lindsey N. , Lawrence Michelle , Schuler Christine L. , Courter Joshua D. , Miller Christy
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES

Adverse drug events (ADEs) during hospitalization are common. Insulin-related events, specifically, are frequent and preventable. At a tertiary children’s hospital, we sought to reduce insulin-related ADEs by decreasing the median event rate of hyper- and hypoglycemia over a 12-month period.

METHODS

Using Lean 6 σ methodology, we instituted a house-wide process change from a single-order ordering process to a pro re nata (PRN) standing order process. The standardized process included parameters for administration and intervention, enabling physician and nursing providers to practice at top of licensure. Automated technology during dose calculation promoted patient safety during dual verification processes. Control charts tracked rates of insulin-related ADEs, defined as hyperglycemia (glucose level >250 mg/dL) or hypoglycemia (glucose level <65 mg/dL). Events were standardized according to use rates of insulin on each nursing unit. The rates of appropriately timed insulin doses (within 30 minutes of a blood sugar check) were assessed.

RESULTS

Baseline median house-wide frequencies of hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic episodes were 55 and 6.9 events (per 100 rapid-acting insulin days), respectively. The median time to insulin administration was 32 minutes. The implementation of the PRN process reduced the median frequencies of hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic episodes to 45 and 3.8 events, respectively. The median time to insulin administration decreased to 18 minutes.

CONCLUSIONS

A PRN ordering process and education decreased insulin-associated ADEs and the time to insulin dosing compared with single-entry processes. Engaging bedside providers was instrumental in reducing insulin-related ADEs. Strategies that decrease the time from patient assessment to drug administration should be studied for other high-risk drugs.
Givetian trilete spores of Geminospora from the Volyn–Podillya (Western Ukraine)
Authors: Ivanina Antonina V. , Myronova Anastasiia O.
Published: December 2021

Givetian sediments are widely distributed within the Volyn-Podillia margin of the East-European platform (VPO EEP). These are terrigenous-carbonate cyclically constructed formations with a thickness of 102 to 165 m, the stratification of which is complicated due to the facial variability of rocks. Therefore, when studying this stratum, palynology and the implementation of palynostratigraphic delimitation are of great importance. The initial stage of palynological research of Devonian VPO EEP deposits is clear identification of miospores and their monographic study, the main components of which are morphological and morphometric research, taxonomic determination of genera and species by morphological-comparative method, elucidation of their stratigraphic and geographical distribution. The object of research is dispersed miospores. During their taxonomic study, M. V. Oshurkova’s artificial, or formal, taxonomy was used, which modernized the morphological classification of R. Potonier and G. Kremp, clarified palynological terminology, detailed diagnostics of taxa, and gave unified diagnoses of genus forms. For the first time, a monographic description of five species is given according to this classification. They are Geminospora extensa (Naumova) Gao (from 36 to 51 %); up to 10 %: G. decora (Naumova) Archangelskaja, G. tuberculata (Kedo) Allen, G. micromanifesta (Naumova) Archangelskaja, G. notata (Naumova) Obukhovskaja. belonging to the genus Geminospora (Balme) Owens of infraturma Pseudosacciti, subturma Zonocavatitriletes, suprasubturma Cavatitriletes turma Triletes. These are trilete radial zonate cavate hilate spores with ornamented exine. They are main indicators, key and characteristic species of palyzone E of the Givetian of the Middle Devonian.
Peculiarities of Stratigraphic Distribution and Paleoecology of Jurassic Bivalve Mollusks of the Pre-Сarpathian Foredeep
Authors: Shaynoha Ihor V. , Karabyn Vasyl V.
Published: December 2021

Pre-Carpathian region is one of the oldest oil and gas producing regions of our country, which is attracting more and more attention of scientists. In the Outer zone of the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep, Jurassic deposits occur at considerable depths (up to 3,000 m), so we obtain almost all geological information about them exclusively during the study of core material selected during drilling. A comprehensive and detailed study of the Jurassic deposits of this zone during exploration drilling in the 1950s contributed to the discovery of the Kokhanivske and Sudovovyshnianske oil deposits and Rudkivske gas deposit, as well as a number of oil and gas manifestations. After that, the interest in the conditions of formation and stratification of Jurassic deposits increased. Researchers have begun to treat them as the promising objects for oil and gas exploration. Jurassic deposits in the Pre-Сarpathian Foredeep fill a single depression – the Stryi Jurassic deflection, covered by a thick layer of Cretaceous and Neogene rocks. The study of their geology and stratigraphy has acquired important applied and scientific significance, because stratigraphic research serves as a basis for clarifying the history of geological development of the region, performing tectonic constructions, reconstruction of paleogeographic and paleoecological conditions, comparison of productive horizons and specification of their stratigraphic position, search for new objects promising for hydrocarbons. Extremely rare finds of paleontological remains (which are not always well preserved) do not allow to unambiguously determining the age of the host rocks. It is still not always possible to clearly stratigraphically distinguish and correlate these rocks due to weak paleontological study and partial uncertainty in the interpretation of the geological structure of these strata. Despite the significant amount of research we have done, there are some debatable issues regarding the completeness of the section of these rocks and the presence of separate stratigraphic units in them. For many years, we have studied in detail and comprehensively bivalve mollusks found in the core of wells drilled in the Outer zone of the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep. As a result, the age of the host strata was specified and confirmed, as well as the thickness of individual stratigraphic units.
From paleontological collections to the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University as an object of historical, cultural and natural values
Authors: Tuzyak Yaryna М. , Іvanina Аntonina V. , Hotsanyuk Halina І. , Shaynoha Іhor V. , Cherniak Аndrii Ya.
Published: December 2021

The creation of the Paleontological Museum of Lviv University is the implementation of one of many projects of scientists of geologists and paleontologists in the territory of first Eastern Europe, and later modern Western Ukraine. The foundation of the «temple of muses» of geological sciences (natural sciences, Earth sciences) and their component of paleontology in the West of Ukraine is the stage of formation of geological (paleontological) research and the Lviv geological (paleontological-stratigraphic) school at the Lviv University. The beginning and development of natural sciences – geology and paleontology on a global scale became the basis for the creation of the Geological Faculty and the Department of Historical Geology and Paleontology (1945) at the Lviv University, and the Geological/Paleontological Museum acquired importance in the study, collection, conservation, protection, and popularization of Earth Sciences among various segments of the population. The history of the foundation and the development of the Geological/Paleontological Museum of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv is covered. Prerequisites that contributed to the foundation of the Paleontological Museum are given, the scientific and theoretical concept based on it, the directions of research and the results of achievements of each stage are substantiated. The museum place in the «spectrum» of historical, cultural and natural values has been clarified. The scientific research works of different generations of geologists and paleontologists over the 200-year history and their contribution to the development of Earth Sciences were analyzed. Its significance as a cultural and spiritual center for the development of society is highlighted. The description of the activity of the scientific goals of various political systems in which the territories of the West of Ukraine were located and their contribution to the development of the Paleontological Museum is given. The structure and classification of natural objects (fossils, naturals) of museum collections and foundations by purpose and significance have been determined. Modern and further trends in the development of the Paleontological Museum have been clarified. Fundamental, research, educational and informative, cultural, propaganda aspects of the Paleontologic Мuseum are shown.
Ukrainians in Belarus: distribution and ethnolinguistic processes
Authors: Zubyk Andrii I.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the distribution and ethnolinguistic processes in the environment of the Ukrainian diaspora in Belarus. Because of the fact that the part of Ukrainian ethnic territory (currently Brest region) is located in Belarus, not all Ukrainians living in the country can be correctly named a diaspora. To avoiding terminology-related complications, in the article we use the general term Ukrainian diaspora. The study is based on the results of censuses conducted in Belarus after 1991. The article analyzes the ethnic environment of residence of the Ukrainian diaspora based on the ethnocultural and ethnolinguistic criteria of the censuses. In particular, using mathematical and statistical methods of analysis of the ethnic composition of the country’s population, we estimated such indicators as the index of ethnic diversity, ethnic mosaic, socio-ethnic density, etc. These indicators were estimated for districts and the largest cities of Belarus, taking into account the largest ethnic groups living in the country. The result of these estimations was the creation of a number of thematic maps that complement the article. The study highlights the areas of compact residence of Ukrainians, identifies districts and cities where the number of Ukrainians changed the most and the least during the inter-census periods of 1999–2009 and 2009–2019. The dynamics of the number and settlement of Ukrainians in the Ukrainian ethnic territories is analyzed. In this context, it was found that in addition to the Brest region, there is a dense concentration of Ukrainians in the capital, major cities of the country, a number of district centers in the southwestern part of the country. It was determined that the share of Ukrainians living in cities is growing. The growth rate of the number of Ukrainians for the period between 2009 and 2019 in the largest cities of the country ranges from + 7% (Mogilev) to 77.45% (Novopolotsk). It was found that the country is monoethnic in its ethnic composition based on the analysis of a number of indicators related to the ethnic composition of the population of Belarus. A more diverse ethnic composition of the population and therefore higher rates were recorded in large cities and areas densely populated with individual ethnic groups (Russians, Poles and Ukrainians). The Ukrainian diaspora in the country is undergoing processes of Russification, the share of Ukrainians who indicate Ukrainian as their mother tongue is declining. The share of Ukrainians whose native language is Belarusian is also declining. That is, it can be argued that Russification affects not only Ukrainians in Belarus, but also the Belarusians themselves. The research also revealed that villagers are more resistant to language assimilation,and Ukrainians in cities most often indicate Russian as their native language.
Sustainable Development: Learning the Quran Using the Tartil Method
Authors: Syafril Syafrimen , Yaumas Nova Erlina , Engkizar Engkizar , Jaafar Azhar , Arifin Zainul
Published: December 2021

This study aims to investigating the effectiveness of using the tartil method in improving students' ability to read the Quran in elementary schools. This study uses a quantitative method with an experimental approach (true experimental pretest-posttest control group design). Data were taken from sixtysix students by means of pre-test and post-test of reading the Quran skills. All students involved are samples of the population which are used as research objects. The research data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Windows 22.0). Overall, the results of the study indicate that the use of the tartil method in learning the Quran is very effective because it can improve students' abilities in reading the Quran. Therefore, the tartil method can be used as an alternative in learning the Quran.
The Adiwiyata Islamic Boarding School Management (A Study of Participatory Leadership Style)
Authors: Manumanoso Prasetyo Muhammad Anggung , Bashori Bashori , Rahmi Auliya
Published: December 2021

In Aceh Province, Dayah Perbatasan Darul Amin is an Islamic Boarding school institution that has twice had achievement as the cleanest and healthiest boarding school as part of adiwiyata-based education institution concept. Such achievement by the Islamic boarding school can inspire and terminate a syndrome that a boarding house is a slump, dirty and unhealthy place. Also, it can change the public paradigm that boarding school is a very representative place to study. This research analyzes the Islamic boarding school management model in implementing the adiwiyata concept through participative leadership. The research approach paradigm is the qualitative one. The research used a diary method (DM). This article is an experience of Darul Amin Islamic Boarding School in implementing the adiwiyata program by implementing an effective Islamic boarding school. Results of the research show that adiwiyata program management is conducted through participative leadership, namely (1) formulation of adiwiyata Islamic boarding school, (2) building intern consolidation, (3) implementation of cleanliness management, (4) procurement of necessary infrastructure, (5) program evaluation and (6) organizational development. All elements' active contribution in realizing the adiwiyata Islamic boarding school can improve students' characteristics to live clean and love their environment. The participative leadership of the Kyai is proven to be able to improve the effectiveness of adiwiyata Islamic boarding school management.
The Correlation between Lecturers’ Performance in Supervising Thesis and Thesis Quality in IAIN Palu
Authors: Erniati Erniati , Yusuf Khaeruddin , Hidayat Andi Nurul
Published: December 2021

This article aims to determine lecturers’ performance in supervising thesis with thesis quality of students of Faculty of Islamic Education and Teacher Training IAIN Palu. This is a quantitative study investigating 285 students of Faculty of Islamic Education and Teacher Training IAIN Palu. who had finished their thesis examinations in 2020 by using proportional sampling technique? The data collection techniques were surveys, observation, interview and documentation. The results showed that the performance of the lecturers in supervising the thesis was in good category with an average (mean) score of 79.79 and the quality of the thesis was in the good category with the average score (mean) of 81.16. There is a significant correlation between the performance of the lecturer in supervising the thesis and the thesis quality of the students.
Education Post Covid-19 Pandemic: Teachers and Learners Construction
Authors: El Rizaq Agung Dwi Bahtiar
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic concequences in all of human aspect. Education is one of the main aspect that have to adapt from classical learning into virtual model. This condition that already happens at least 2 years bring various responses from both teachers and learners’ perspectives. This study reveals teachers and learner’s construction regarding education post Covid-19 pandemic. This reseacrh is qualitative by descriptive method. Furthermore, this study was conducted by distributing online questionnaires from 5 provinces respondents in Indonesia involving 40 teachers and 28 learners. The results of this study show that commonly, teacher get lack of technology and prefer to implement blended learning than pure vifrtual learning. From the students side, can be found that; e-learning has not fully accommodated some educational values that can transmitted through classical learning process only and blended learning is the suitable learning model for future education. Furthermore, this study recomend to identify the suitable blended learning model for sustainability of future education in every level education.
Classroom Assessment for EFL Learning to Speak at Junior high School
Authors: Yustina Luli Sari , Besral Besral , Hasnawati Hasnawati
Published: December 2021

The present study investigated the current practice of EFL Classroom assessment focusing on speaking skills in Junior High School. Speaking Assessment is a tool used to evaluate students’ oral skills in the formal system by the English teachers. The investigation of classroom speaking assessment in this school was based on its effectiveness in light of alternative assessment tool and pedagogical values. By using ADDIE model, we constructed an oral assessment in accordance with the needs and levels of students as well as components on the oral assessment. There were five commons models such as Oral Interview, Role Play, Guessing Games, Story Telling and Oral Report that are communicative, relevant, continues, simple and various forms. These models can be used to assess students’ speaking skills regardless of time and place as its validity and practicality tests appeared to be high (93.75 and 87.5).  It can be concluded that these assessment models are applicable for teachers to assess students’ speaking skill. The paper further elaborates discussion on the utilizing of students’ ability, progress, and their learning process. In short, it is a high time for the teachers to apply these models in the classroom.
Impact of Visiting the Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia Website to the Author's Knowledge
Authors: Parmin Parmin , Savitri Erna Noor , Amalia Andin Vita , Khusniati Miranita , Febriyana Anggie
Published: December 2021

The research objective is to reveal the knowledge of people who have visited the Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia (JPII) website about articles with international standards. The instruments used were questionnaires and interviews which were conducted a feasibility test before being used. The strategy employed was sequential explanatory by collecting and analyzing quantitative data followed by qualitative data. The articles of the participants were still unassigned and submitted from July to August 2020. The number of participants was 85 consisting of 78 lecturers, 4 students, and 3 teachers. The research results from questionnaire analysis were; the participants’ intention of visiting the JPII website as 53% to cite articles, the benefit that obtained was 69% getting references, the most interesting part of 62% was the results and discussion, the substance primacy of 35% was in the discussion section, and participants find it easiest to find novelties in the discussion section of 53%. The interview results with 79 participants (93%) stated that they had gained knowledge about international standard articles that had these characteristics; interesting topics, strong gap analysis, methods that are detailed and have novelty, and discussion that has a clear novelty.
Students’ Self-Adjustment with Boarding School Environment in MAN Insan Cendekia Lubuk Alung
Authors: Batubara Juliana , Darwin Darwin , Ikhwanuddin Ikhwanuddin
Published: December 2021

This research aims to describe and compare the self-adjustment of boarding school students with the school environment in terms of gender (comparative descriptive study of students at MAN Insan Cendekia Lubuk Alung, West Sumatra). This type of research is descriptive-comparative with a questionnaire instrument. The population of all students of class X, sampling with purposive random sampling technique in order to obtain a sample of 82 students. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, and to test the differences used t test. The results showed that in general the self-adjustment of boarding school students with the school environment of MAN Insan Cendekia Lubuk Alung, West Sumatra was classified high and there was a significance difference from the self-adjustment of male and female students. Therefore, school counselors can provide various types of counseling and guidance services to students of MAN Insan Cendekia Lubuk Alung, West Sumatra so that they are able to overcome difficulties in their self-adjustment by fostering self-confidence and training students how to adapt to the new environment and atmosphere in accordance with the rules
Postobstructive pulmonary edema (POPE) after laparoscopic appendecectomy: a case
Authors: Arranz-Solana C. , Pérez-Moyano S. , Morillo-Blanco L.
Published: December 2021

A case report of a young, athletic man admitted for acute appendicitis is presented. A few hours after laparoscopic appendectomy, the patient presented sudden dyspnea in the context of post-obstructive pulmonary edema, requiring urgent admission to the critical care unit. Due to the acute, unexpected and potentially fatal presentation of this pathology, we performed a review focused on it.
Integrating scientific with histologic and embryologic competencies
Authors: D’Ottavio-Cattani A.E.
Published: December 2021

Objective: Given the relevance of scientific training in undergraduates whatever their future professional practice and viewing that consistent bibliographic usually limit scientific training to a component of the medical curriculum, this approach intends to go a step further seizing each discipline of the medical curriculum for developing progressively scientific competencies. In this context, a strategy, integrating scientific and disciplinary competencies (in this case, Histology and Embryology), is presented
Material and Method: The strategy was applied for fifteen years to 2000 ± 500 students per year while they were studying Histology and Embryology, one of the first-year disciplines. It included planning steps carried out by Ph.D. professors as well as the implementing and evaluating ones in charge of these professors and properly trained teachers
Results: Averages of percentages of enrolled students who did not start the course, who dropped out before being able to take the final disciplinary evaluation, who could take it and who were promoted to the second year during fifteen years are registered. Likewise, an average of 80% of them satisfied with this strategy and the positive impact on the corresponding competencies of Biology, another first-year discipline, are also recorded.
Conclusions: This strategy, implemented between 1986 and 2001, proved viable and fruitfully relevant until a curricular transformation limited its continuation without generating its equivalent replacement. Beyond the elapsed time since then and the reasons hindering its full accomplishment, this long-standing approach is rescued so that it may eventually be considered and improved by those who may value it profitably for their curricula.
Network Policy E-Samsat in Local Revenue Office of West Java Province
Authors: Hanoselina Yulia , Permana Iip , Tovalini Krismena , Yoserizal Yoserizal
Published: December 2021

Di era digital saat ini mampu menciptakan berbagai teknologi digital yang memberikan manfaat paling penting yaitu menghubungkan antara warga negara dengan pemerintah dalam cara baru yang efisien dan efektif. Paradigma pelayanan pemerintah yang bercirikan pelayanan pegawai yang lamban, prosedur yang berbelit, dan tidak ada upaya yang dapat diatasi melalui penerapan digital atau yang lebih dikenal dengan e-government. Badan Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat sebagai instansi pemerintah telah mengambil langkah untuk menerapkan digitalisasi atau e-government dalam pelayanan pajak kendaraan bermotor dan pengesahan STNK dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan publik kepada masyarakat.Pada Sesungguhnya Badan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat masih ada penemuan permasalahan yang terjadi dalam Pelaksanaan E-Samsat antara lain dalam bentuk implementasi kebijakan, sistem, efektivitas program, dan kualitas pelayanannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis secara lebih rinci mengenai Kebijakan Pelaksanaan E-Samsat Di Badan Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode dan pendekatan penelitian yang dilakukan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode observasi, wawancara semistruktur dan dokumentasi.Guna memperoleh tingkat kepercayaan data hasil penelitian atau tingkat kebermaknaan suatu penelitian ini, dilakukan langkah-langkah uji keabsahan data antara lain melalui triangulasi data dengan triangulasi sumber, triangulasi teknik dan triangulasi waktu. Teori yang digunakan adalah Dimensi-Dimensi Jaringan Kebijakan oleh Frans Van Waarden (1992), yaitu Aktor , Fungsi, Struktur, Kelembagaan, Aturan Perilaku, Hubungan Kekuasaan dan Strategi Aktor .