bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF TELEREHABILITATION VS. CLINICAL SETUP REHABILITATION IN TKR PATIENTS
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Humza , Ijaz Gondal Muhammad Junaid , Ahmed Irfan , Ikram Iqra , Jamil Maha , Hashim Adnan
Published: December 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common condition among older adults, often leading to significant pain and disability. Total knee replacement (TKR) is frequently recommended for severe cases to alleviate symptoms and restore function. However, effective post-operative rehabilitation is crucial to maximize recovery outcomes and improve quality of life. Telerehabilitation is emerging as an accessible alternative to conventional physiotherapy, potentially enhancing patient adherence and functional outcomes while minimizing the need for in-person visits.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation compared to conventional physiotherapy in improving knee function and patient outcomes following TKR.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Horizon Hospital in Lahore, including 36 participants aged over 65 years, all of whom had undergone TKR. Participants were randomly assigned to either Group A (telerehabilitation) or Group B (conventional clinical therapy), with 18 individuals in each group. Data collection tools included the Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living (KOS-ADLS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) surveys, supplemented by electronic goniometer measurements of knee flexion and extension. Assessments were conducted at baseline and at the fourth week to compare outcomes statistically between the two groups.
Results: In the fourth week, Group A (telerehabilitation) showed significantly better outcomes in knee function and pain management compared to Group B (conventional therapy). KOOS-ADL scores improved significantly in Group A (p = 0.001) compared to Group B. WOMAC scores also demonstrated significant improvement in Group A (p = 0.000). Furthermore, knee flexion increased substantially for Group A, reaching 121.1° (p = 0.031), and knee extension deficit reduced to 2.6° (p = 0.028).
Conclusion: Telerehabilitation is an effective post-operative intervention for TKR, enhancing knee function, reducing pain, and improving overall patient satisfaction. This approach provides a practical and accessible solution, particularly beneficial for older adults with limited mobility.
PREVALENCE OF DE QUERVAIN’SS TENOSYNOVITIS IN CANVAS PAINTERS
Authors: Zafar Bisma , Ali Itratt , Hussain Zainab , Salerm Samra , Rasool Anbreena , Khan Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Background: De Quervain’s tenosynovitis, also known as De Quervain’s syndrome or disease, is a common wrist condition affecting the tendons on the thumb side of the wrist. This condition involves inflammation and irritation of the tendons controlling thumb movement, specifically the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) and abductor pollicis longus (APL). Pain is typically reproduced during resisted thumb movements, especially when these tendons glide within the fibrous tunnel under the radial styloid and extensor retinaculum.
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis among canvas painters who frequently perform repetitive wrist and thumb movements.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to April 2023, involving 97 canvas painters aged 20 to 40 years who painted for more than 4 hours per day. Participants were recruited from various institutions, including NTU, FITIF, The University of Faisalabad, and Agriculture University. Informed consent was obtained, and participants completed the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) questionnaire to assess pain intensity and functional limitations. The Finkelstein test was performed to confirm the diagnosis of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20 software.
Results: Out of 97 participants, 49 (50.5%) tested positive for De Quervain’s tenosynovitis using the Finkelstein test, while 48 (49.5%) tested negative. The gender distribution showed that 38.1% of participants were male and 61.9% were female, with a mean age of 24 years (SD = 4.5). Pain levels, as per the PRWE, ranged from mild to severe, with 33% experiencing moderate pain and 17.5% reporting severe pain.
Conclusion: The study concludes that De Quervain’s tenosynovitis is prevalent among canvas painters, affecting 50.5% of the population surveyed. The repetitive hand and wrist movements involved in canvas painting, such as gripping brushes and applying pressure, contribute significantly to the development of this condition. Proper education and preventive measures are essential to mitigate risks associated with repetitive strain injuries in this population.
WOMEN CARDIAC PATIENTS’ PERCEIVED BARRIER TO CARDIAC REHABILITATION. A QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad Shehzad , khan Maaz Karam , Rasheed Umer , Akhtar Balqis , Ahmad Israr , Rani Imrana , Gul Nazia , Bibi Sakina
Published: December 2024

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation is a comprehensive, medically supervised program that includes exercise training, education on heart-healthy living, and counseling to manage stress and improve mental health. Despite its proven benefits in reducing morbidity and improving quality of life, participation among women remains disproportionately low due to various barriers. This study aims to explore and document the perceived barriers that women face in participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs, highlighting their unique challenges and experiences.
Objective: To explore and analyze the barriers perceived by women cardiac patients when participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was employed from April 2023 to October 2023. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 women recruited using purposive sampling. Data collection continued until saturation was achieved. Thematic analysis, guided by Braun and Clark's six-step approach, was used to code, categorize, and identify themes. Reflexive and iterative coding processes ensured reliability and trustworthiness of the data. Pilot testing of the interview guide and coding framework was performed by multiple researchers to maintain consistency. The study adhered to ethical principles, with informed consent obtained from all participants and ethical approval secured from relevant review boards.
Results: The study identified three primary themes: challenges, overcoming challenges, and patient-healthcare provider relationships. Among the 30 participants, the mean age was 55 years, with 93% from rural areas and 28 out of 30 lacking formal education. The main challenges included financial constraints (25 participants), physical limitations (20 participants), lack of awareness (15 participants), and restricted healthcare access (18 participants). Emotional challenges, such as fear and stress, were noted in 12 participants. Despite these barriers, participants highlighted the importance of family support and physician recommendations as facilitators of participation in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
Conclusion: The study highlights the multifaceted barriers women face in cardiac rehabilitation, including financial, physical, emotional, and social challenges. These findings underscore the need for tailored, accessible, and gender-sensitive approaches to improve participation and outcomes for women in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
Le cycle autobiographique (1964-1972) de Violette Leduc : trajectoire d’une Bâtarde
Authors: Chanoz Laetitia
Published: December 2024

Cet article se donne pour objectif d’étudier la vie et l’œuvre de Violette Leduc dans une démarche mêlant littérature, études de genre et sociologie de la littérature. Il explore les raisons de la marginalité démultipliée de Violette Leduc, autrice périphérique du milieu du XXe siècle, bâtarde et lesbienne, pour mieux ensuite analyser son parcours au sein du paysage littéraire et institutionnel de son temps et actuel. Leduc se heurte à certaines limites dans son parcours en tant qu’autrice et sa reconnaissance par les institutions du champ littéraire demeurerait partielle.
Variability of the thousand-seed weight in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Urošević Dušan , Knežević Desimir , Matković Stojšin Mirela , Živić Jelica , Mićanović Danica , Kondić Danijela , Zečević Veselinka
Published: December 2024

The thousand-seed weight (TSW) is one of the traits which is related to yield and milling quality of wheat. The aim of this work was to study the variability of the thousand-seed weight of bread wheat varieties grown under different environmental conditions. Fifty wheat varieties in a field experiment designed as a randomized block system were used for this study in three replications on the field in Kraljevo, Serbia during two vegetation seasons (2015-2017). The seeds were sown at 0.10 m distance in 1.0 m long rows spaced apart 0.2 m. Sixty plants at the full maturity stage (20 plants replication-1) were harvested and used for analyzing the thousand-seed weight. The analysis of variance was performed by MSTAT C (5.0 version). Similarities among wheat varieties were analyzed by using the hierarchical method of the Euclidean distance. The results have shown significant differences in the thousand-seed weight among varieties in both years. On average, in the first vegetation season the lowest thousand-seed weight (39.14 g) was recorded in the Lepenica variety, while the highest thousand-seed weight (54.66 g) was recorded in the Zadruga variety. In the second vegetation season, the thousand-seed weight varied from the lowest in NS Rana 2 (34.57 g) to the highest in Šumadinka (50.33 g). The similarity was illustrated on a dendogram containing four clusters in the first year and six clusters of varieties in the second year. The prominent cluster contained different numbers and compositions of varieties with the highest degree of similarity. The differences in average of the thousand-seed weight were determined by the genetic, environmental factor and by genotype/environment interaction.
Optimization and Construction of a Deep Learning Model for Breast Cancer Segmentation
Authors: Glišić Luka , Berković Ivana , Radulović Biljana
Published: December 2024

The research focuses on optimizing and developing a breast cancer segmentation model utilizing multi-GPU arrays to maximize hardware resource utilization. By exploring various architectural strategies, the study aims to enhance resource allocation efficiency despite existing limitations. Detailed evaluations using mammography datasets have demonstrated significant improvements in tumor detection capabilities. This technology holds the potential to revolutionize breast cancer detection, a critical advancement given the global impact of the disease. Training data analysis confirms the scalability of these results across diverse hardware configurations, ensuring high efficiency and reliability. The study employs modern architectures, contributing valuable insights to the field of breast cancer segmentation and advancing medical imaging technologies. The development of efficient and clinically viable solutions is imperative in contemporary medical image analysis. While state-of-the-art deep learning architectures offer impressive capabilities, their substantial computational demands pose barriers to widespread clinical adoption. This research addresses the need for solutions that efficiently process large datasets while maintaining diagnostic accuracy, facilitating integration into clinical workflows and reducing operational costs.
PREVENTIVE ACTION OF CRIMINAL POLICE AIMED AT CONTROLLING AND PREVENTING TERRORISM
Authors: Popović Predrag , Šetka Gojko
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses preventive action of the criminal police aimed at controlling and preventing terrorism. The preventive role of the criminal police in terms of preventing terrorism is realized through the following three types of activities: building positive relations between the police and citizens, police work focused on local community issues, and the application of crime control. The aim of this paper is to highlight both the contribution of implementing these activities to the prevention of terrorism and the extent to which the activities of uniformed police affect the quality of work of the criminal police. This paper presents the research conducted on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the aim to determine whether, in addition to the special police units tasked with fight against terrorism, the community police should also deal with the prevention, control, and suppression of terrorism, i.e. the identification of terrorist threats, as well as whether the police agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina are adequately equipped and have all the necessary resources to combat radicalization and control terrorist threats.
KIBERNETSKI I NAUČNI PRISTUP SISTEMU
Authors: Matijašević Darko
Published: December 2024

U članku se sistemu prilazi prevashodno sa kibernetskog i naučnog pristupa u upravljanju. Daje se aspekt povezivanja apstrahovanog teorijskog i instrumentalnog pristupa i značaja kinbernetike kao nauke u unapređenju i razvoju opšte nauke o sistemima i primenjivosti iste u širokom spektru. Predstavlja se i komparacija, klasifikacija sistema, davanje bitnih obilježja sistema, cilj, funkcije, struktura, procesi, ulazi, izlazi, rezultati, upravljanje, okruženje. Predstavljaju se i složeni sistemi, kompleksni sistemi sa svojom specifičnošću, kao i kibernetski pristup modeliranja upravljanja ovakvim sistemima. Isto tako, članak povezuje organizaciju sa bitnim obeležjima sistema. U članku se koriste kompilacije, upoređenja, teorijski pristupi domaćih i inostranih naučnika, sa aspekta nauke o organizaciji. Koriste se radovi i izvode određene komparacije, u odnosu na Brekić J., Kavran D., Rajkov M., Viner N., Deželjin J., Srića V., Marković M., Luhman N., Ćamilović S., Dugin A., Smit A., Maršal A., Fajol H., Tejlor Č., Veber M., Pusić E..
ПРЕВЕНТИВНА ДЈЕЛАТНОСТ КРИМИНАЛИСТИЧКЕ ПОЛИЦИЈЕ У ЦИЉУ КОНТРОЛЕ И СПРЕЧАВАЊА ТЕРОРИЗМА
Authors: Поповић Предраг , Шетка Гојко
Published: December 2024

У овом раду се разматра превентивна дјелатност криминалис- тичке полиције у циљу контроле и спречавања тероризма. Пре- вентивна улога криминалистичке полиције у погледу спречавања тероризма се остварује кроз три врсте дјелатности и то: из- грађивањем позитивних релација између полиције и грађана, по- лицијским радом усмјереним на проблеме у локалној заједници и примјеном криминалистичке контроле. Циљ овог рада јесте да се укаже на то колики је допринос спровођења поменутих дјелат- ности у погледу спречавања тероризма и у којој мјери активност униформисане полиције утиче на квалитет рада криминалис- тичке полиције. У наведеном раду биће приказано истраживање које је спроведено на територији Босне и Херцеговине, којим се на- стојало утврдити да ли спречавањем, контролом и сузбијањем тероризма, односно уочавањем терористичких пријетњи, поред специјалних јединица полиције чија је надлежност борба против тероризма, треба да се бави полиција у заједници, као и да ли су полицијске агенције у Босни и Херцеговини адекватно опремљене и располажу свим потребним ресурсима за борбу против радика- лизације и контроле терористичких пријетњи?
Microservices, a Definition Analyzed by ßMACH
Authors: Hilbrich Marcus , De Mecquenem Ninon
Published: December 2024

Microservices are an answer to various scalability challenges. They enable building large and complex systems by scaling the number of services, and development teams. Microservices allow self-management and agile processes such as Scrum. Nevertheless, a minimal management process should also be defined and documented. Documentation must be easily understandable and applicable to the developing teams to foster efficiency. We propose to use the ßMACH method, a software management guidance. The result is a minimal and systematic description. Based on the definition obtained using ßMACH, we can state that the service and team isolation is essential for a scalable microservice system. In addition, we introduce ßMACH and show how to document a software management process. The documentation is easy to understand by software developers and interesting for software engineers.
Distance-Based Integration of ERP Correlation Analysis
Authors: Srimaharaj Wanus
Published: December 2024

Interpretation of cognitive performance is a paramount pursuit in learning achievements. Cognitive abilities, encompassing attention, memory, decision-making, and language comprehension, are recognized on individual's capacity to navigate in diverse cognitive tasks. In the academic domain, optimal cognitive functioning is essential for effective learning, information retention, and problem-solving. Proficiency in cognitive skills is directly linked to academic success and intellectual development, providing the necessary cognitive tools for processing, and synthesizing complex information. Therefore, this study explores the correlation between event-related potential (ERP) sub-components (P300, N170, N400) to assess the intricacies of cognitive performance. A regularized approach utilizing Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient and Euclidean Distance is employed. Positive correlations reveal consistent relationships among P300, N170, and N400 ranks across EEG channels, indicating similar response patterns. Negative correla-tions denote inverse relationships. Moreover, the theoretical framework focuses on the digital filtering, ensemble averaging, and baseline correction from data con-trast discrimination tasks. Findings indicate positive correlations, suggesting higher ERP amplitudes correspond to superior cognitive performance. This tailored and integrated methodology, indicating the correlation between ERP sub-components, contributes to the broader field of neuroscience and informatics, potentially informing cognitive enhancement strategies in education and biomedical analysis.
Character/Word Modelling: A Two-Step Framework for Text Recognition in Natural Scene Images
Authors: Priya M Shanmuga , A Pavithra , Nelson Leema
Published: December 2024

Text recognition from images is a complex task in computer vision. Traditional text recognition methods typically rely on Optical Character Recognition (OCR); however, their limitations in image processing can lead to unreliable results. However, recent advancements in deep-learning models have provided an effective alternative for recognizing and classifying text in images. This study proposes a deep-learning-based text recognition system for natural scene images that incorporates character/word modeling, a two-step procedure involving the recognition of characters and words. In the first step, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are used to differentiate individual characters from image frames. In the second step, the Viterbi search algorithm employs lexicon-based word recognition to determine the optimal sequence of recognized characters, thereby enabling accurate word identification in natural scene images. The system is tested using the ICDAR 2003 and ICDAR 2013 datasets from the Kaggle repository, and achieved accuracies of 79.8% and 81.5%, respectively.
Figura, superficie e interfaz: derivas del impersonaje en la dramaturgia no antropocéntrica de Manuela Infante
Authors: Franco Marín Andrea
Published: December 2024

En el presente artículo se discute el estatuto del personaje en las dramaturgias contemporáneas a partir de la noción de impersonaje (Sarrazac, “El impersonaje” 353) y algunas de las derivas que de ella podemos desprender: figura, superficie e interfaz. A partir de estos conceptos, se analiza la reelaboración de la categoría personaje en tres obras pertenecientes a lo que Manuela Infante ha denominado teatro no antropocéntrico: Estado Vegetal, Cómo convertirse en piedra y Vampyr. Estas obras proponen diversos mecanismos composicionales que ponen en tensión el estatuto, funcionalidades y límites de la noción de personaje como parte gravitante de sus respectivas propuestas estéticas.
Cómo un (aparente) caos puede devenir en un (posible) orden. Internet y la diversidad de fijaciones sonoras
Authors: García Miguel A. , González Daniela A.
Published: December 2024

El universo sonoro al que se accede a través de Internet es sorprendentemente cuantioso, diverso, cambiante y expansivo. Se trata de un universo poblado por fijaciones sonoras muy disímiles, tales como mensajes telefónicos, obras musicales, paisajes sonoros, sonidos del cuerpo humano, del mundo animal, de las máquinas y de los fenómenos atmosféricos, entre muchas otras. Esta gran variedad de fijaciones no se rige por un orden general ni adopta categorías consensuadas que permitan marcar diferencias y semejanzas entre sus componentes. A nivel del todo no hay orden ni consenso, sino algo próximo al caos. El objetivo de este artículo es pensar esa variedad de fijaciones sonoras en su conjunto y proponer un ordenamiento en torno a cuatro ejes: a) fijaciones sonoras musicales / fijaciones sonoras no-musicales, b) fijaciones sonoras digitales / fijaciones sonoras digitalizadas, c) registros sonoros y registros de programación o edición sonora y d) finalidades con las que las fijaciones sonoras son creadas. Asimismo, en el marco de este objetivo, se discute la pertinencia de las categorías que se emplean en los archivos y en los software de procesamiento de metadatos para etiquetar fijaciones sonoras, a la vez que se sugiere la reformulación de un conjunto de tecnicismos a fin de potenciar su capacidad para nombrar y describir.
Prenatal Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Persistent Right Umbilical Vein with Single Umbilical Artery in Twin Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Gaur Shubhi , Parihar Pratap Singh , Dhawan Vaishali , Nimodia Devyansh , Desale Prasad Sanjay
Published: December 2024

Persistent Right Umbilical Vein (PRUV) is a developmental abnormality of the vascular system that occurs during embryonic development when the right umbilical vein remains open while the left umbilical vein becomes atretic. PRUV presents in two forms: the extrahepatic variety, which is less prevalent but more often associated with complications, and the intrahepatic type, which is the most common (90-95%). A Single Umbilical Artery (SUA) occurs when there is only one umbilical artery in the cord, and it is associated with an increased risk of various abnormalities, including cardiovascular defects. Hereby, the authors present a case report of a 32-year-old primigravida, approximately 20.3 weeks into her pregnancy, underwent an anomaly scan that revealed a two-vessel umbilical cord, showing an SUA and a PRUV in one of the foetuses, while both foetuses demonstrated normal intrauterine growth. PRUV in foetuses is linked to preterm births, oligohydramnios, and intrauterine growth restriction. It can also lead to gastrointestinal malformations, various cardiac anomalies, skeletal malformations, urinary tract anomalies, and SUA defects. Therefore, prenatal diagnosis of PRUV is essential.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Needs of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in Community based Cancer Awareness and Screening Programme: A Mixed Method Study from a Rural Area in Central Kerala, Southern India
Authors: Meenu L , Divyamol N , Anupriya K , Saleem TK Abdu
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Primary prevention through health education and secondary prevention through early detection and treatment can alter cancer burden and outcomes. The current study focuses on the possibility of establishing Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHAs) as facilitators in cancer awareness generation and screening.

Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitudes of ASHAs in awareness generation and encouraging screening for cancers, and to explore their needs as facilitators in cancer control.

Materials and Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted in Kuzhalmannam Panchayath in Palakkad district of Kerala, India, among 30 ASHAs, for two-months from 15th August 2022 to 14th October 2022 in two phases. In phase 1, data regarding knowledge about common cancers, risk factors, danger signs, and screening methods, along with attitudes toward functioning as facilitators, were collected (cross-sectional). Phase 2 comprised Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) for exploring needs. Data were analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (phase 1). Thematic analysis followed in phase 2. Quantitative and qual itative variables were summarised as means and percentages.

Results: The mean age of the ASHAs surveyed was 44.73±5 years. All ASHAs were aware that cancer did not transmit through contact, and 27 (90%) participants knew about the existence of risk factors. Knowledge about family history and the human papillomavirus as risk factors for cancers of the breast and cervix was inadequate. Breast lumps 6 (20%) and blood loss 5 (16.67%) were the common danger signs known. Though 26 (87.67%) participants knew that screening could detect cancers early, knowledge about PAPs smear 6 (20%) and breast self-examination 5 (16.6%) was inadequate. All ASHAs had positive attitudes to raise awareness and encourage screening. For 10 (33.33%) participants, incomplete knowledge created anxiety. Their needs as facilitators emerged under two global themes: functional and aspirational. The quantitative data showed a gap in specific knowledge areas, which was also echoed in FGDs, where ASHAs requested more training and supervision.

Conclusion: The ASHAs had a positive attitude to serve as advocates for cancer control. Knowledge gaps created anxiety. Interventions including training, supervision, and better payment are required to address their needs.
Effect of single-point incremental forming process parameters on roughness of the outer surface of conical drawpieces from CP titanium sheets
Authors: Szpunar Marcin , Ostrowski Robert , Dzierwa Andrzej
Published: December 2024

With the widespread use of numerically controlled machine tools, single-point incremental forming (SPIF) process has enjoyed growing interest in the industry. This article presents the results of research on the influence of forming process parameters (step size, tool rotational speed, feed rate and forming strategy) on the roughness of the outer surface of conical drawpieces with a slope angle of 45° from commercially pure titanium sheets. The following variable process parameters were used: tool rotational speed varied from –600 to 600 rpm, feed rate varied from 500 to 2000 mm/min and step size varied from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. The SAE 75W85 synthetic gear oil was used as lubricant. Two basic roughness parameters were analyzed: the mean roughness Sa and the maximum height Sz. The influence of SPIF parameters on surface roughness was analysed using multi-layer artificial neural networks. It was found that reducing the feed rate with the climb strategy causes a decrease in the average roughness Sa. The opposite relationship was observed when forming according to the conventional strategy. At low tool feed rate (500 mm/min), reducing the step size caused an increase in the Sz parameter. At high tool feed rate (2000 mm/min), the effect of the step size is negligible.
Research Status and Development of Assembled Lightweight Steel Composite Structures
Authors: Chen Lanhua
Published: December 2024

Prefabricated lightweight steel composite structures are characterized by efficient load-bearing, seismic energy-saving, and eco-friendly attributes, primarily used in low-rise and multi-story buildings, adapting to the development of modern architectural industrialization. This review covers the development process, system composition, and current research status of structural seismic performance for typical prefabricated lightweight steel composite structures, including prefabricated cold-formed thin-walled steel structures, prefabricated lightweight steel-lightweight concrete structures, and prefabricated lightweight steel composite frames - lightweight steel composite shear wall structures. The analysis includes the technical features, standard systems, and current environmental applications of the aforementioned structures, raises several issues in the research of prefabricated lightweight steel composite structures, and provides a research outlook for the future development direction of prefabricated lightweight steel composite structures.
Quality Assessment of Surface and Groundwater from Eleme Communities in Rivers State
Authors: T. J. K. Ideriah, , N. Boisa, , O. N. Oyor, , O. S. Bull, , A. O. Ibirinde,
Published: December 2024

This study assessed the suitability of surface and groundwater for irrigation and domestic purposes in Eleme Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria. Several studies have reported that contaminations from nearby petrochemical and industrial activities have raised concerns about water quality in the region. Parameters such as Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Permeability Index (PI), Kelly’s Ratio (KR), and Water Quality Index (WQI) were analyzed for both dry and rainy seasons. Results indicated that while Onne groundwater (Rainy season: SSP (31.0±4.9%), MAR (35.2±10.7%), RSC (0.5±0.6meg/l), SAR (0.7±0.2meg/l), PI (41.5±8.2%), KR (0.5±0.1meg/l); Dry season: SSP (35.2±10.7%), MAR (5.6±2.1%), RSC (1.7±0.9meg/l), SAR (0.9±0.4meg/l), PI (65.5±12.9%), KR (0.6± .28meg/l) and Aleto River surface water (Rainy season: SSP (30.3±3.12%), MAR (25.8±11.42%), RSC (-60.3±12.31meg/l), SAR (5.0±0.62meg/l), PI (84.9±18.62%), KR (0.4± 0.06meg/l); Dry season: SSP (33.2±3.67%), MAR (21.4±7.02%), RSC (-52.0±6.29meg/l), SAR (5.5±1.08meg/l), PI (85±24.1%), KR (0.5±0.09meg/l) remain suitable for irrigation, most water sources in other communities exceed recommended thresholds, particularly in SSP and KR. Seasonal fluctuations notably affect parameters like MAR and PI, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring. Elevated heavy metals, especially lead, nickel, and cadmium, were identified in some groundwater samples, likely due to industrial pollution, thus further impacting water safety. The findings underscore the necessity for remediation and regular water quality management to safeguard agricultural sustainability and public health in the Eleme communities.
Nutritional Knowledge, Dietary Practices and Consumption Pattern of Fruits and Vegetables among In-school Adolescents in LAUTECH International College, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Deniran Igbagboyemi Adesola , Omitola Bukola Azeezat , Aleru Elizabeth Oluwafolakemi , Kolapo Maryam Abidemi , Edegbai Ayomide Mercy , Fawole Abisola Omotola , Atoyebi Kunle Segun
Published: December 2024

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies remain a significant public health concern in Nigeria, particularly among young adolescents. These deficiencies can lead to adverse health outcomes, including osteoporosis, osteomalacia, thyroid dysfunction, colorectal cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. This study assessed the nutritional knowledge, dietary practices, and consumption patterns of fruits and vegetables among in-school adolescents attending LAUTECH International College, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Methodology: This study was descriptive cross-sectional in design. Two hundred and sixteen (216) students of LAUTECH International College, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria were selected using stratified random sampling techniques. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from the respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as chi-square test was used for the data analysis.
Results: The study revealed that the mean age of the students were 13.33 ± 1.69 years, 55.6% of the students demonstrated good knowledge, though there were areas where understanding was high, in spite of this, 58% dietary practices of fruits and vegetables. 34.3% showed preference for fruits and vegetables during break time in school. Price (36.6%), availability (29.3%) and quality (21.8%) prevented the students from eating fruits and vegetables. From the chi-square test, the study showed that there was no statistical association between nutritional knowledge and dietary practices of fruits and vegetables consumption of the students (x2 = 0.309, p = 0.579>0.05).
Conclusion: The study revealed a disparity between nutritional knowledge and dietary practices, with relatively good dietary practices observed despite poor knowledge. Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables was found to be moderate.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Clinical Outcomes, Lifestyle Impacts, and Family Satisfaction in Hirschsprung's Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study from a Single Pediatric Surgery Unit
Authors: Aboud Mohammed J
Published: December 2024

Background: Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a congenital condition causing functional bowel obstruction. Despite surgical advancements, long-term impacts on patients' quality of life, family dynamics, and satisfaction remain underexplored. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes, lifestyle impacts, and family satisfaction in HD management.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study analyzed 127 HD cases managed in a single pediatric surgery unit (2004–2020). Data from medical records, surveys, and structured interviews assessed surgical outcomes, postoperative bowel function, school attendance, dietary adjustments, social anxiety, and family satisfaction. The quantitative analysis utilized SPSS v25.0, with p-values <0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Patients had a mean age at surgery of 10.6 months; 72.4% were male. Surgical interventions included one-stage pull-through (51.2%) and staged procedures (48.8%). Complications like persistent constipation (26.8%), enterocolitis (15.0%), and redo surgeries (6.3%) were common. Functional outcomes showed that 81.1% achieved good bowel function, while 14.2% required occasional medication. Rural patients faced higher absenteeism (45% vs. 30%) and restrictive dietary changes (50% vs. 35%). Family satisfaction was high (73.2%), with concerns about long-term bowel management (65%), psychosocial impact (38%), and financial burdens (21%).
Conclusions: This study highlights the multifaceted challenges of HD management, including disparities in rural vs. urban care, persistent complications, and psychosocial impacts. Recommendations include multidisciplinary care, genetic counseling, family-centered support, and public health interventions tailored to regional needs. These findings advocate for enhanced strategies to improve surgical outcomes, address long-term care challenges, and elevate family satisfaction.
Evaluation of IL-12, IL-13, and MIP Levels in Iraqi Patients with Cholecystitis in Al-Anbar Province
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Ali , Idris Khalid Elhussein M. , Kehall Mutaman Ali A.
Published: December 2024

Background: Cholecystitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the  gallbladder, often associated with significant morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of interleukins IL-12, IL-13, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) in patients diagnosed with cholecystitis.
Methods: A total of 78 patients (55 women and 23 men) admitted to Al-Anbar Teaching Hospital in Iraq from March 2022 to May 2023 were included in this observational study. Blood samples were collected to measure the concentrations of IL-12, IL-13, and MIP using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. Patients were categorized based on their diagnosis of acute or chronic cholecystitis.
Results: Of the 78 patients studied, 29 were diagnosed with chronic cholecystitis, while 25 had acute cholecystitis. The concentrations of IL-12, IL-13, and MIP were significantly correlated with the severity of the condition, indicating their potential role as biomarkers in cholecystitis.
Conclusion: This study highlights the altered levels of IL-12, IL-13, and MIP in patients with cholecystitis, suggesting their involvement in the inflammatory response associated with this condition. Further research is warranted to explore their potential as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in clinical practice.
To study the In vitro Anti-Sickling Activity of Adansonia digitata Fruits Extract on Sickle Cells
Authors: Mohammed Sara Abdalraheem Mostafa , Abdalla Elharam Ibrahim , Eisa Ibrahim Mohammad , Mohamed Hiba Yasin , Hassan Amna Bshier , Elbasheir Mohammed Mobarak
Published: December 2024

Background: Traditional medicine is used along with synthetic pharmaceutical products to enhance health management. There is a high mortality rate of patients with sickle cell disease. Previous studies have indicated that some medicinal plants have shown anti-sickling activity, indicating a new therapeutic approach to manage people affected by this hemoglobinopathy. This study aimed to assess the in vitro anti-sickling activity of Adansonia digitata extract on sickle cells.  
Materials and Methods: Blood samples used in the evaluation of the anti-sickling activity of Adansonia digitata fruits extract in this study was taken from patients known to have sickle cell disease (HB SS) attending the Sickle Cell Clinic in Khartoum state. The Emmel test was used to assess the anti-sickling activities of the plants.  
Results: A significant increase in the percentage of unsickled red blood cells (p > 0.05) was observed after incubating red blood cells (RBCs) with 2% sodium metabisulfite in the presence of 1,000, 500 and 250 μg/mL Adansonia digitata methanol extract.  
Conclusion: This study approved that Adansonia digitata fruits extract had a strong anti-sickling activity so it may be used for management of sickle cell disease due to its great amount of phenoland flavonoid.
Mitigating Urban Heat Islands: The Role of Green Building Strategies
Authors: Rastinifard Nasrin , Ramezani Mina
Published: December 2024

The combined effects of local warming brought on by urbanisation and global climate change are making urban heat a growing problem for many cities. Urban heat-related issues must be addressed immediately because these phenomena have substantial negative effects on the environment, the economy, society, and human health. Although buildings play a significant role in urban heat, they also offer opportunities for mitigation through the decarbonisation of the built environment. The building industry has acknowledged green buildings (GBs) as an innovative philosophy and practice. GBs have been suggested as a way to reduce the effects of urban heat islands (UHI) and other heat-related issues. The purpose of this study is to identify the most important architectural factors of green buildings that effectively reduce UHI. Using an extensive literature review methodology, the study identified eighteen important references following a thorough screening of more than 1400 preliminary studies. These sources concentrate on the ways that green buildings mitigate urban heat through different approaches, such as cutting carbon emissions, lessening the effects of artificial landscapes, and enhancing energy efficiency. The findings indicate that GBs significantly contribute to reducing the urban heat problem by lowering carbon emissions, minimising artificial landscapes, and promoting energy-efficient designs.  This review provides a holistic analysis of the role of GBs in urban heat mitigation, aiming to inform future research in urban planning and green building development. This manuscript addresses a critical topic for the scientific and urban planning community. It highlights the role of green buildings (GBs) in mitigating the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, which is essential for combating climate change. The thorough literature review provides useful insights and identifies key strategies, such as green roofs and green infrastructure. It is valuable for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in urban development and climate resilience.
Sustainable Disease Management: Evaluating Natural Alternatives for Powdery Mildew Control in Cucumbers
Authors: Nayak Anusha M. , Farooqkhan  , T. Tharana Poonacha , Sohaib Ismail , Poojashree  , S. Tanuja , Arti
Published: December 2024

Powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera xanthii, is a significant disease impacting cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) crops, leading to major yield losses. The study evaluates the efficacy of botanicals and biostimulants in managing powdery mildew under in vitro conditions. Treatments were tested at three concentrations (5, 7.5 and 10%) against P. xanthii. Results revealed that the efficacy of treatments increased with concentration, with Ascophyllum nodosum (seaweed extract), Mimosa pudica (touch-me-not) and Osmium sanctum (tulasi) demonstrating the highest inhibition rates at 10%. These findings suggest the potential of eco-friendly alternatives for managing powdery mildew in cucumber.
Modeling and Forecasting of Potato Production in Rajasthan and their Yield Sustainability
Authors: Aashish  , Yadav Kamini , Kumar Lokesh , Mishra Neha , Singh Radha , Tripathi S.K. , Kumawat Prakash Kumar , Mishra P.
Published: December 2024

This study examined trends, sustainability, and forecasted potato area, production, and productivity in India and Rajasthan from 1970 to 2030. Annual potato production data was analyzed using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. The models were trained using data from 1970 to 2020 and assessed with a validation set from 2021 to 2023. In the training set, a box exhibited the optimal performance. The ARIMA models yielded the minimal predicted errors. The leading models project potato production till 2030. In 2023, potato production in Rajasthan and India was 260.50 thousand tonnes and 61,250.50 thousand tonnes, respectively. By 2030, Rajasthan and India are projected to yield 301.31 thousand tonnes and 63,318.26 thousand tonnes, respectively. The predictions can aid in food security planning and agricultural policy formulation in the region. Rajasthan and India exhibit significant sustainability in potato yield for the period from 1998 to 2023.
Preserving Language Heritage for Socio-Economic Survival: A Case Study of the Indigenous Vedda Community in Sri Lanka
Authors: Nawarathna Sandya , Jayawickrama Ananda
Published: December 2024

Indigenous Vedda language in Sri Lanka is recognized as critically endangered and many argued that it is on the verge of disappearance. After decades of debates, the Veddas are still alive luckily and their language is still been spoken at least partially. The paper examined the factors that drive existence/ disappearance of Vedda language. The study was conducted in Dambana Vedda village and Pollebadda Vedda village. Field surveys took place in July 2024, utilizing a specially designed questionnaire to gather information on the use of the Vedda language. The questionnaire included items rated on a Likert scale from 1 to 5, covering various aspects of the language. A total of 25 interviews were conducted in Dambana and Pollebadda Vedda villages. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure access to the most reliable sources of information. The sample consisted of 80% male and 20% female respondents. Regarding age distribution, 10% were below 25 years, 60% were between 25 and 50 years, and 30% were over 50 years old. The study reveals that Veddas today speak Sinhalese better than their native language. Compared to Dambana, more Veddas in Pollebadda, where modernization is apparent, demonstrate weak fluency in their native language. The Vedda children, compared to their parents, have poor knowledge in Vedda language, though they have acquired fluency in all domains of Sinhalese. The poor Vedda language knowledge is highly prevalent among Pollebadda children. Majority of the Veddas accept that younger generation is not interested in learning the language, the absence of elders to teach it, their language is disappearing and their language should be preserved. Though it does not help them finding jobs, as Veddas believe, the Vedda language carries economic benefits and they remain vital for learning it. The Pollebadda Veddas are more interested in economic benefits of the language. The Veddas, again with more support from Pollebadda, reckon that their language helps them earning from tourism. The Veddas strongly agree that their language is essential for the protection of their priceless intangible cultural heritage. Thus, this paper recommends an ideological shift and resulting policies to look at the Veddas, and their language too, as an inherent asset than something to be modernized and assimilated.
Enhanced Foaming Behavior of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene by Blending Silicone Powder in Microcellular Foaming
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Guilong , Qin Shengxue , Xu Xingming , Zhang Hongbin , Zhou Haiping
Published: November 2021

Microcellular foaming with CO2 as the blowing agent is developed to prepare low‐density ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) foams. To improve the foaming behavior of UHMWPE, silicone powder is used to modify UHMWPE by twin‐screw compounding. The silicone powder contents, foaming temperatures, and foaming pressures are varied to investigate their effect on the foaming behavior of UHMWPE in a one‐step microcellular foaming process. The results show that the addition of silicone powder leads to significantly improved foaming behavior of UHMWPE by simultaneously increasing the expansion ratio and refining cellular morphology. With the presence of silicone powder, UHMWPE with an expansion ratio up to 34‐fold is prepared, while the maximum expansion ratio of pure UHMWPE foam that can be achieved is only 15‐fold. Moreover, for the foams with the same expansion ratio, the presence of silicone powder leads to significantly refined cellular morphology. The improved melt flowability and accelerated crystallization by adding silicone powder are responsible for the significantly enhanced foaming ability of UHMWPE. The heterogeneous nucleation effect of silicone powder plays a critical role in refining the cellular morphology by promoting cell nucleation and reducing cell collapse.
Charge Transport in Single‐Crystalline GaAs Nanobars: Impact of Band Bending Revealed by Terahertz Spectroscopy
Authors: Pushkarev Vladimir , Němec Hynek , Paingad Vaisakh C. , Maňák Jan , Jurka Vlastimil , Novák Vít , Ostatnický Tomáš , Kužel Petr
Published: November 2021

Arrays of ultimate‐quality single‐crystalline GaAs nanobars are prepared via electron‐beam lithography in a molecular‐beam‐epitaxy‐grown GaAs layer transferred onto an electrically insulating and optically and terahertz transparent sapphire substrate. Measurements of ultrafast terahertz photoconductivity at 300 and 20 K in an array of such aligned nanobars by time‐resolved terahertz and multiterahertz spectroscopy and by time‐resolved terahertz scanning near‐field microscopy allow an in‐depth understanding of the nanoscale electron motion inside the nanobars. A detailed analysis is performed in terms of quantum mechanical calculations of the mobility of carriers and in terms of plasmonic resonance controlled by photocarrier density. The investigations reveal a band bending close to the nanobar surfaces and its prominent effects on the picosecond charge carrier dynamics, leading to an enhanced localization of electrons at longer times. Terahertz spectroscopy thus proves to become an important tool for the investigation of the role of nanostructure surfaces.