bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen levels influence barrenness and sterility of maize varieties under different establishment methods during hot spring in western Terai of Nepal
Authors: Marahatta S.
Published: July 2022

The national average yield of maize is less than its potential yield in Nepal mainly due to poor agronomic management and adverse climatic conditions. The effect of no-tillage combined with retention of previous crop residues and varying nitrogen fertilizer levels on barrenness, sterility, and yield of open pollinated (OP), and hybrid maize varieties were analyzed in the Western Terai region of Nepal during 2011 and 2012. The treatments included factorial combinations of two establishment methods, (a) conservation agriculture (CA; i.e., no-till with crop residue retention from previous crops) and (b) conventional practice (i.e., conventional tillage without residue retention); two varieties (OP ‘Rampur Composite’ and hybrid ‘Rajkumar); and four N fertilizer levels [(0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1 (during 2011), and 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 (during 2012)] arranged in strip plot design to grow maize under rice-mustard-maize cropping system with three replications. Data on sterility, barrenness and yield were analyzed by using R Studio. The effect of barrenness and sterility on the grain yield was negative and significant during both the years. Both barrenness and sterility were higher (by 58.28 and 12.35%, respectively) in 2012 as compared to the 2011, also due to higher temperature and low rainfall. Higher nitrogen uptake under CA resulted the lower barrenness and sterility percentage, and hence the higher grains yield (9%). Barrenness did not effect by varieties (p>0.05), but the sterility (p<0.05) during 2012 whereas hybrid Rajkumar variety had significantly (p<0.05) lower sterility percent than OP Rampur Composite, resulting higher grains yield. The nitrogen uptake was significant and negatively correlated with sterility percentage. Both barrenness and sterility significantly decreased linearly with increasing the nitrogen levels while barrenness was drastically reduced as compared to the sterility. Hybrid Rajkumar had higher nitrogen uptake than OP Rampur Composite resulting lower sterility even under the nitrogen omission. Hybrid Rajkumar was more stable than OP Rampur Composite with low nitrogen application, high temperature and drought resulting- lower barrenness, sterility, and thus the high grain yield.
Comparative economics of maize grain and seed production in Okhaldhunga, Nepal
Authors: Dulal P. R. , Marahatta S.
Published: July 2022

Maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation is very popular in Nepal. Basically, in the rural hills of Nepal such as Okhaldhunga, it dominates any other crop production. This study was done to for a comparative assessment of economics, marketing, and to identify major problems of maize seed and grain production in hilly eastern district of Okhaldhunga during June of 2017. The data were obtained by the interview of 66 purposively selected producers (33 each of maize grain and seed producers) with the use of pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Both the grain and seed producers were similar in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and marketing accessibilities, but the seed producers were significantly benefited from the trainings, extension services, and credit facilities despite having comparatively small size of land holding (0.14 ha) than the grain producers. The inputs (manures, fertilizers, and the seed) contributed 48% and 50% of the total cost incurred for grain and seed production, respectively whereas the pre-sowing and sowing activities contributed more than 77% of cost in both the cases. In spite of higher cost for seed production, the benefit cost ratio of seed production was higher (1.52) than grain production (1.13). Findings also revealed that only 24% of the total harvest was processed and marketed as seed whereas using optimum quantity (66% middle portion of the cob) for seed production could further increase the income by 23.35%. The major production problems were scarce farm labor followed by lack of infrastructures, while low seasonal price followed by low volume of production ranked the first and second most important marketing related problems. Subsidies on the agri-inputs, timely availability of inputs, and encouragement of the youth towards agri-enterprise via various youth oriented programs can be done to overcome these problems.
Agroforestry systems: Biodiversity, carbon stocks and contribution to rural livelihood
Authors: Ghimire P. , Bolakhe S.
Published: July 2022

Agroforestry is an integrated land use system that can directly enhance agro-biodiversity and contribute to the conservation of landscape biodiversity, and also to the rural livelihoods. Considering this fact, a study was done in Bhimphedi Rural Municipality of Makawanpur district to assess farm tree diversity, carbon stock, and their contribution to the rural livelihood. The inventory for estimating above and below ground biomass of the farm trees was done using stratified random sampling. Forest biomass was analyzed by using standard allometric models to estimate the carbon content. Shannon Wiener Diversity Index was used to assess the farm tree diversity. A total of 66 households were randomly selected for socio-economic survey. Direct field observation, key informant interview, structured questionnaire survey, and group discussions were performed to assess the contribution of farm trees on rural livelihoods. The findings revealed three major agroforestry systems viz: silvi-pasture, home garden, and agri-silviculture systems were under practice in the study area. Silvi-pasture system was found as a good agroforestry system in terms of having higher species richness, tree diversity, and relatively higher amount of carbon stock per unit area (16.66 t/ha), followed by home garden (10.32 t/ha). The findings also revealed that agroforestry systems contributed 24.06% (NRs. 7580 per household/year), and 20.25% (NRs. 5365 per household/year) to the income from agriculture and livestock, respectively. Hence, it has been evident that agroforestry systems can be a potential strategy to conserve biodiversity and to improve the livelihoods of local people with the greater contribution of silvi-pasture system in an integrated tree-livestock dominating farming system of the rural areas in Nepal.
Current practices of Nepalese veterinarians for the clinical management of pain in animals
Authors: Shrestha S. , Shah M. K.
Published: July 2022

The retrospective study was performed to know the trend of recent clinical practices for managing the post-surgical and non-surgical pain in animals. The study included government hospitals, private clinics, organizations working on animal birth control program of Chitwan, Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Kaski districts of Nepal. Overall, 1,177 and 1,084 animals received analgesics in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Categorically, 81% of cases underwent for soft tissue surgeries, and analgesics were prescribed variably for 1–5 days. However, 5% and 1% were orthopedic and ophthalmic cases that were treated with analgesics for 1–8 days. Remaining, 13% cases that were grouped into miscellaneous type received analgesics for 1–7 days For analgesia, meloxicam was the most preferred non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (98%) followed by tramadol (9%), and lignocaine-HCl (8%). Tramadol (9%) and lignocaine-HCl (8%) were prescribed particularly in severely traumatized cases whereas ketorolac (5%) were used in orthopedic cases. Only 18% veterinary patients received preemptive analgesics. Most of the hospitals, clinics and organizations did not perform pain scoring. Proper pain assessment and their scoring are imperative for prescribing the right analgesic for the effective treatment of pain in animals.
Protein deficiency – a challenge to livestock productivity enhancement in Nepal
Authors: Singh S. B.
Published: July 2022

An assessment was made in 2019 to determine the crude protein (CP) supply situation for the livestock in Nepal. The land resources were assessed by utilizing the land use data generated by ICIMOD in 2010. The Land Resource Mapping Project (LRMP) (1986) remained the main source of data to estimate the CP supplies from these land resources (forests, shrub lands, grasslands, croplands, including weeds, and barren lands), plus kitchen wastes as animal feeds. Crop data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development (MoALD) (2016/17) were utilized to estimate the CP supply from crop residues and milling by-products and the livestock data to estimate livestock feed requirements. The study findings revealed that there is critical shortage of CP in the livestock feeds across the eco-zones and across the provinces, with an overall deficit of 52.8%. The shortage reached about 60% in Province One and Three. The deficit in other provinces ranged from 37.6% to 52.6%. These deficits are mainly associated with the dependency of livestock production system on crop residues and low quality roughages. It is recommended that the future livestock development strategy focuses at encouraging farmers to replace the use of straws and stovers with improved forage or pasture and tree fodders. Likewise promotion of commercial silage production and development of productive partnerships with the feed millers for adequate production and supply of major imported poultry feed ingredients such as yellow maize and soybean are also important to consider.
Growth comparison of piglets fed with different level of bakery waste in basal diet
Authors: Tiwari M. R. , Dhakal H. R. , Sah Sudi M.
Published: July 2022

An experiment was done on weaned piglets at Piggery Research Unit of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tarahara, Sunsari, NARC, during 6 January 2019 to 5 May 2019 for 120 days after adjustment period of seven days. Twenty piglets, after weaning at 4-6 months of age were allocated into four treatments, each with 5 replications by using Completely Randomized Design. Four types of diets were used as treatments. Bakery waste was not incorporated in the control group diet (T1) whereas in the diet of T2, T3 and T4 maize as an ingredient was replaced by 25, 50 and 75% with bakery waste, respectively. Concentrate mixture was provided in adlib amount twice a day and refusal was measured in next morning while body weight gain was measured at 15 days interval. The findings revealed that highest total body weight gain was observed when maize was replaced by bakery waste (50%) (T3).But the total body weight gain was statistically similar (p>0.05) among the treatments group. The average daily gain was also highest when maize as an ingredient was replaced by bakery waste 50% (T3) with the gain of 325 g/day. Total feed intake during experimental period was highest for the same treatment. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of entire (120 days) experimental period was also statically similar (p>0.05) for all treatments (1kg body weight: 2kg feed). The findings thus suggested that replacement of maize as an ingredient by bakery waste in piglet diet could be beneficial if it is replaced by 50% compared to 25% or 75% inclusion. Further in depth research is required to assess the effectiveness of replacing maize and other important ingredients with bakery waste before recommending this practice to the piglet growers.
Maximizing fodder yield of teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana) through sowing dates and mixed fodder cropping management
Authors: Khanal B. , Devkota N. R. , Tiwari M. R. , Gorkhali N. A.
Published: July 2022

Teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana) is one of the most popular summer growing cereal fodder, rich in energy, dry matter (DM) and other nutrients, yet productivity of this fodder in Nepal has not been achieved as expected due to several important factors including cultivation management and sowing dates. An experiment was done during April to August 2018 at Directorate of Agricultural Research, NARC, Province-5, Khajura, Banke by using Split Plot design with the objective to identify the appropriate sowing dates in relation to possible combination of local fodder legumes with teosinte. It was expected that best possible combination of fodder legumes with teosinte would increase both herbage mass as well as quality aspects through increased productivity. Accordingly main plot treatments were sowing dates (April 18, May 3, and May 18) and sub-plot treatments were set as combination of fodder cowpea, lablab bean, and rice bean, each with teosinte, and sowing of teosinte as sole crop. Findings revealed that plant height, leaf length, tiller density of teosinte, and number of branches and trifoliate leaves of fodder legumes had contributed significantly to the cumulative herbage mass. Significantly highest green herbage and dry herbage mass (p<0.001) was obtained if these fodder species were sown in April 18 as compared to other dates of sowing. The combination of teosinte and cowpea had yielded significantly higher herbage mass (p<0.001) compared to others fodder species combinations. Preliminary findings of this research thus indicate the possibility of promoting mixed cultivation of teosinte with fodder cowpea in order to increase both herbage mass and quality.
Effects of sunlight on the abundance of Euglenophyceae in earthen ponds
Authors: Mandal R. B. , Rai S. , Shrestha M. K. , Jha D. K. , Pandit N. P.
Published: July 2022

Algal red bloom in carp ponds has been a serious concern to farmers due its scum covering the entire pond surface area during the day and disappearing in the evening. Thus it is important to examine the effects of sunlight on dynamics of red bloom algae in ponds. An experiment was done with the use of three treatments, i) non-red bloom pond with sunlight, ii), red bloom pond with sunlight, and iii) red bloom pond without sunlight; each treatment was replicated thrice. Density of Euglenophyceae was assessed from two different water depths (10 cm and 50 cm) at three different times: morning, afternoon, and evening. Results showed that Euglena sanguinea Ehrenberg, 1832 was dominant among euglenophytes and it showed vertical and temporal migration with sunlight intensity. Density of E. sanguinea was significantly higher (p<0.05) at 10 cm and lower (p<0.05) at 50 cm in the afternoon. Preventing sunlight to the red bloom pond decreased density of Euglenophyceae and E. sanguinea by 69% and 80%, respectively. Maximum red bloom was observed during 12.00 to 13.00 hours, when light intensity was highest (1928 Lux to 1988 Lux). Appearance and disappearance of red bloom in the pond was due to vertical migration of E. sanguinea with sunlight intensity.
Evaluation of efficacy of chemical, botanicals and beejamrut in growth promotion and management of damping off disease in cauliflower at Udayapur, Nepal
Authors: G.C. S. , Khatri L.
Published: July 2022

Vegetable contributes 20.74% of the total Agricultural Gross Domestic Products (AGDP) of the country. Among the vegetables produced, cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) is one of the important vegetable crops in Nepal. Soil borne pathogens (soil inhabitants and soil transients) are one of the major factors contributing to lower yield in vegetables either through damage of whole crop, or by making them unmarketable. Damping off caused by Pythium, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora is one of the major disease of vegetables crops. This disease attacks a crop in its two stages i.e. pre-emergence of seeds and in seedling stage. This study was conducted in a sick plot at Ghumne 5 of Belaka Municipality, Udayapur, Nepal with six treatments, each replicated four times. The pathogen causing damping off was identified as Rhizoctonia sp. Among the treatments Beejamrut was found to be superior to other treatments in terms of root length (5.97±0.62cm) and shoot length (13.25±1.16cm). In case of root weight and shoot weight Beejamrut (0.28±0.03g;1.85±0.50g), respectively, gave the similar results to Thiram (0.27±0.01g;1.89±0.4g), respectively. Lowest Percentage Disease Incidence (PDI) was found in Thiram (18.0±1) and Beejamrut (19.0±1) treated plots.
Teacher Professional Development in the Secondary Schools in Nepal: Some Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Poudel AmbikaPrasad
Published: July 2022

Quality education has been one of the important concerns among the stakeholders in the field of education. Teacher professional development (TPD) is considered as one of the essential components for improving and reforming quality of education in the recent years. This article attempts at describing the existing TPD status of the secondary level schools in Nepal, and exploring the opportunities and challenges of TPD programme for the teachers in those schools. In the study, the Headmaster, and secondary level senior teachers were the informants; and an observation check list, and an interview questionnaire were used as the research tools to collect the information. The data were analyzed both descriptively and thematically. The study found that the secondary schools were quite poor regarding their performance of TPD activities. Some of the major advantages of the TPD programme to the teachers were that they got opportunities to take part in training and workshops; and to be involved in discussion and collaboration among the teachers. On the other hand, difficulties in the implementation of their knowledge and skills into the classroom, and lack of financial support for TPD activities were some of the major challenges of TPD process.
Study of the Ātmā [Soul] in Sanskrit and Nepali Literature
Authors: Pokhrel GovindaPrasad
Published: July 2022

This research article entitled A Study of Ātmā [Soul] as God in Sanskrit  and Nepali Literature deals with the general concept of the Ātmā[Soul] which is called God too. The research questions are what is Ātmā and how it exists in the body of the organisms. The researcher mentions the following objectives for this study: 1.to define the Ātmā [Soul] 2.to study how it exists in the body of the organisms. This research follows qualitative method. Descriptive, comparative and deductive methodology is used in it. Nepali and some Sanskrit literary figures are studied in it and the researcher mentions how far they have gone to study about the Soul in their works. The literary figures have pointed out about the sense in the living beings and this sense is called psyche, Soul, Consciousness etc.The researcher also tries to show the universal Soul and its grandeur. Soul is called God because it is immortal and wide.
धरान–धनकुटा राजमार्गले मानव बस्तीमा पारेको प्रभाव (Effect of Dharan-Dhankuta Highway on Human Rsidency)
Authors: घिमिरे जनार्दन
Published: July 2022

धरान–धनकुटा राजमार्ग पूर्वी नेपालको पहाडी क्षेत्रका धनकुटा, तेह्रथुम, सङ्खुवासभा, भोजपुर लगायत पूर्वी पहाडी जिल्लाहरूमा प्रवेश गर्ने एकमात्र सडकमार्ग हो । यसलार्ई कोशी राजमार्गको नामले समेत चिनिन्छ । यो राजमार्ग निर्माण हुनुपूर्व नै यी पहाडी जिल्लाहरूमा आवतजावत गर्नका लागि पैदलमार्ग बनेको थियो । अहिले पनि त्यो क्षेत्रका ज्येष्ठ नागरिकहरू यो पैदलमार्ग हुँदै धरानबाट नुन लिएर आवतजावत गरेको स्मरण सुनाउने गर्छन् । यस लेखलाई आवश्यक सूचनाहरू पूराना बस्तीमा बसोबास गर्ने ज्येष्ठ नागरिक र पैदल मार्गीहरूसँगको अन्तर्वार्तामा आधारित छ । कोशी राजमार्गले प्राचीन पैदल मार्गमा रहेका धेरै बस्तीहरूलाई छुन सकेन जसले पूरानो बस्ती र त्यसको वरिपरिका वासिन्दाहरू प्रभावित हुन थाले । धेरै बस्तीहरू अन्यत्र सरे, केही मानिसहरू आफ्नो थातथलो छोडेर बसाइँ गए । कोही नयाँ सडकको वरिपरि बसाइँ सरे भने सडकभन्दा माथिका बस्तीहरूबाट पनि सडकको छेउछाउमा बसाइँ सरेर नयाँबस्ती र बजार केन्द्रहरूको विकास भएको देखिन्छ । सडकमार्ग र पैदलमार्ग जोडिएका स्थानहरूमा बस्ती विकासले निरन्तरता पाएको देखिन्छ भने सडकमार्गले नछोएका पैदलमार्गका बस्तीहरूको अस्तित्व विस्तारै हराउँदै गएको यो लेखको निष्कर्षले देखाएको छ ।
शिक्षण सिकाइमा गृहकार्यको प्रयोग (Use of Homework in Teaching-Learning)
Authors: लुइटेल रमेशप्रसाद
Published: July 2022

प्रस्तुत लेख ‘शिक्षण सिकाइमा गृहकार्यको प्रयोग’ भन्ने शीर्षकमा गरिएको छ । यसको मुख्य उद्देश्य शिक्षण सिकाइमा गृहकार्य प्रयोगको वर्तमान अवस्था पत्ता लगाइ त्यसको विश्लेषण गर्नु रहेको छ । यो लेख मुख्य गरी गुणात्मक ढाँचामा आधारित भई तयार पारिएको छ । लेख तयार पार्ने क्रममा प्राथमिक र द्वितीय दुबै स्रोतबाट तथ्याङ्क लिइएको छ । तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गर्दा मुख्य गरी अन्तर्वार्ता, छलफल, प्रश्नावली, अवलोकन जस्ता विधि अपनाइएको छ भने सुविधाजनक नमुना छनौट पद्धतिका आधारमा सामुदायिक र संस्थागत दुबै प्रकारका विद्यालयहरू छनौट गरिएको छ । उक्त विद्यालयमा गोलाप्रथाबाट शिक्षक, विद्यार्थी र अभिभावकको छनौट गरिएको छ । प्राप्त तथ्याङ्कलाई व्याख्या विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्षमा पुग्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । सिकाइ अभ्यासमा निर्भर रहन्छ । एक पटक सिकेको कुरालाई पटक–पटक ‘जति बढी अभ्यास गरिन्छ, उति नै सिकाइ दिगो हुन्छ’ भन्ने मान्यता छ । यद्यपि, अभ्यास गर्ने अनेक तरिकाहरूको विकास भइसकेको छ । कक्षामा शिक्षकले शिक्षण गरे पश्चात् नै विभिन्न माध्यमबाट अभ्यास गराउने, कक्षाकार्य गराउने, साथीभाइबीच एक आपसमा छलफल गराउने, अन्तरक्रिया गरी सिक्ने, सिर्जनात्मक, रचनात्मक हिसाबले सिक्ने, प्रश्न गर्ने, उत्तर खोज्ने, खोज अनुसन्धानमूलक हिसाबले सिके सिकाइ दिगो र प्रभावकारी हुन्छ । अभ्यासको नाममा बारम्बार सबै विषयमा सबै शिक्षकले गृहकार्य दिने गृहकार्य नगरे विद्यार्थीलाई विभिन्न प्रकारका शारीरीक यातना, मानसिक तनाव मात्र दिए सिकाइ प्रभावकारी नहुने, उल्टै अगाडि सिकेको कुरा बिर्सँदै गई सिकाइ कमजोर हुन्छ त्यसैले परम्परागत रूपले दिइँदै आएको गृहकार्यलाई कम गर्नु पर्छ भन्ने यो लेखको मुख्य आशय हो ।
Hjelp til lærere i klasserommet - lokale tiltak for bedre læringsmiljø og økt inkludering: En nasjonal kartlegging av ambulerende team
Authors: Nergaard Svein Erik
Published: July 2022

Denne rapporten omhandler en kartlegging og spørreundersøkelse i norske kommuner 2013-14 om tiltak som er etablert for å gi hjelp og støtte til lærere i grunnskolen. Slike tiltak kan betegnes som ambulerende team. Det er Nasjonalt senter for læringsmiljø og atferdsforskning ved Svein Erik Nergaard og Nina Grini som har gjennomført spørreundersøkelsen i kommunene og tiltakene. Hensikten med undersøkelsen er å få mer kunnskap om ambulerende team. Denne arbeidsmåten i skolene er i sterk vekst i mange kommuner og det er viktig å få kunnskap med tanke på å kunne bidra til å evaluere, forbedre og eventuelt stimulere tiltakene. Etablering av ambulerende team er lokale initiativ som vokser fram ut fra lokale behov og den raske veksten kan tyde på at vurdering av effekten er god. Arbeidsmåten innebærer også i en del tilfeller en interessant omdisponering av ressurser fra en segregerende til målsetting om en mer inkluderende praksis. Sentrale forhold er forekomst, organisering, kompetanse hos ansatte, arbeidsmåter og samarbeid med PP-tjenesten. Kartleggingen av forekomst av tiltak er omtalt i en artikkel i Spesialpedagogikk nr. 7, 2013 (Jahnsen & Grini 2013), og hovedresultatene fra spørreundersøkelsen i tiltakene er beskrevet i en artikkel i Spesialpedagogikk nr. 2, 2015 (Nergaard & Grini 2015). Hensikten med denne rapporten er å gi en samlet og mer helhetlig og grundig framstilling av undersøkelsen og fenomenet ambulerende team.
Numerical Analysis of Variations Distance Formulas on K Nearest Neighbors In Classifying Malaria Parasite Blood Cells
Authors: Simanjuntak Taufik Ismail , Tanjung Juliansyah Putra , Tanjung Mahardika abdi prawira , Utari Cut Try , Muhathir Muhathir
Published: July 2022

Malaria is one of the numerous acute and chronic diseases. Even malaria can pose a threat to a person's safety. The original cause of malaria was an infection with a protozoan of the genus Plasmodium, which was transmitted by the bite of a mosquito. This Anopheles mosquito parasite infects red blood cells throughout the body, resulting in an enlarged spleen. This research aims to make it easier for physicians to classify blood images as malaria-infected or not. If the input is a blood image, then SURF Feature Extraction will be used to extract the blood image. We therefore obtained weight results based on the extraction results. The weighted results generated by the SURF extraction process will be classified using the KNN Algorithm to determine whether or not an individual is infected with malaria. This study's tests compared various distance formulas utilized by the KNN classification method. Comparing the results of malaria blood image classification using the KNN classification method with variations in the distance formula, it is evident in table 7 that correlation is the optimal distance formula for malaria parasite blood cells recognition, followed by cosine. According to the results of KNN's tests, it is not optimal at classifying blood images containing malaria, but these results are categorized as good
Assessment of Groundwater Quality by Using the Ionic Ratios in the Coastal Region of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Ch Israel. , Paul K. John , P.J. Ratnakar
Published: July 2022

Seawater intrusion into the coastal region has occurred all around the world as a result of extensive groundwater depletion brought on by population development, agricultural practices, and rapid urbanization. As a result the natural balance has been altered, and the salinization process has accelerated due to its continued stress on the world's water and land resources. One such area currently susceptible to salinization is the coastal region of the Guntur district, particularly when seawater intrusion occurs. Demand for freshwater is rising in coastal areas, which makes this issue worse. The current study makes an effort to examine the water quality parameters and to discover the contamination groundwater with saline water intrusion into the coastal mandals of Guntur district. Sampling and analysis of the samples of the study region  for physcio-chemical properties of the major ions used to identify saltwater intrusion in groundwater. Ionic ratios of different kinds, including Na+/Cl−, Mg2+/Ca2+, Mg/Cl−, SO42−/Cl−, K+/Cl−, Ca2+/(HCO3+SO42-),  Cl−/( HCO3−+ CO3−), Cl-/HCO3- and the Base Exchange Index (BEX) was used to determine whether or not saltwater had an impact on groundwater quality. The results of the analysis indicating that intrusion of seawater has caused salinization in the majority of the studied region and also showing higher levels of chloride, bicarbonate and sodium concentrations. By the overall observation of results it is known that contamination of the area caused by intrusion of seawater.
Eksternal ve endoskopik dakriyosistorinostomi ameliyatlarında bir eğitim aracı olarak Youtube
Authors: TÜKENMEZ DİKMEN Nejla , Dİ̇KMEN Burak
Published: July 2022

Amaç: YouTube'daki endoskopik ve eksternal dakriyosistorinostomi (DSR) cerrahi videoları arasında cerrahi eğitim kalitesinde fark olup olmadığını Laparoskopik Cerrahi Video Eğitim Kılavuzu (LAP-VEGaS) video değerlendirme aracı ile değerlendirmek. Yöntemler: YouTube'da “DSR, Eksternal Dakriyosistorinostomi, Endoskopik Dakriyosistorinostomi” terimleri kullanılarak kapsamlı bir arama yapıldı. 100 veya daha fazla izlenen videolar kaydedildi. Videoların izlenme sayısı, beğeni sayısı, yorum sayısı, video uzunlukları, ameliyat şekli, ameliyatı yapan cerrah, izlenme oranı, beğenme oranı, izleyici etkileşimi ve video güç indeksi (VPI) kaydedildi. Dakriyosistorinostomi konusunda deneyimli iki araştırmacı, videoları LAP-VEGaS video değerlendirme kılavuzuna göre cerrahi eğitim kalitesi açısından değerlendirdi. Bulgular: Dışlama kriterlerinden sonra toplam 108 videodan 74'ü çalışmaya dahil edildi (27: Eksternal DSR, 47: Endoskopik DSR). LAP-VEGaS değerlendirmesi sonucunda videoların 30'unun (%40,5) yüksek kaliteli, 44'ünün (%59,5) ise düşük kaliteli videolar olduğu tespit edildi. Eksternal DSR videoları, endoskopik videolardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha yüksek kaliteli videolar idi (p=0,046). Eksternal DSR videolarının ortalama LAP-VEGaS skoru 10.65±2.98, endoskopik DSR videolarının ortalama LAP-VEGaS skoru 8.44±3.70 idi ve aralarındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p=0,009). Oftalmologlar tarafından yayınlanan videolar, LAP-VEGaS video değerlendirme aracı analizine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha kaliteli videolardı(p=0,017). Düşük ve yüksek kaliteli videoların seçimiyle ilgili olarak, iki gözlemci arasında önemli derecede uyum olduğu görüldü (kappa puanı 0.775). Sonuçlar: YouTube'daki popüler DSR videolarından çoğu sunum, tedavi seçenekleri, intraoperatif ve postoperatif komplikasyonlar açısından önemli ölçüde eksiktir. Gelecekte cerrahi videoların YouTube gibi açık erişim platformlarında yayınlanmadan önce hakem inceleme sürecinden geçirilmesinin videoların eğitsel değerinin artmasına yardımcı olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
TEST METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE OPERATING AND EXCONIC QUALITIES OF AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS PURSUANT TO OECD CODE 2
Authors:   Kharkiv branch of L. Pogoriliy UkrNDIPVT, Lebedev S. , Korobko A. ,   Kharkiv branch of L. Pogoriliy UkrNDIPVT
Published: July 2022

Purpose of the study is new provisions for testing agricultural tractors, evaluating their performance, which implement the OECD Code 2 Research methods. The testing of the tractor and its main elements is based on the method of partial accelerations, the basis of which is the solution of the inverse task of the dynamics: the acting forces are estimated from the acceleration. The method and means of measurement (developed in the L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT Kharkiv branch) are effectively used in testing tractors and its main elements. The results of the study. The proposed express methods make it possible to reduce the time for testing and timely identify shortcomings in the operation of the systems being tested. The proposed express test method for the cylinder-piston group provides the ability to timely identify shortcomings in the operation of engines. It has been established that the most efficient operation of the tested unit is when the tractor is not fully loaded. The stability of the movement of the transport-technological unit is interconnected with its controllability, which is determined by the technical condition of the steering. The relationship between the investigated values of the angular accelerations of the steering wheel of the tractor and the aggregated machine is provided with a reliability of 95 %. To determine the braking properties, an indicator is proposed that characterizes the growth rate of the tractor deceleration during braking. To evaluate the quality of functioning of the hydraulic drive of the tractor mounted system in the case of unstable technical condition of its elements, it is necessary to start with the evaluation of the fluid flow in the hydraulic cylinder and end with the analysis of the flow in the bypass valve. Conclusions. Code 2 of the OECD normalizes the methodology for operational testing of agricultural tractors, on the basis of which in L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT Kharkiv branch developed industry standards for assessing the traction and energy performance of tractors. It has been theoretically and experimentally proved that in the performance tests of tractors and its main elements, the method of partial accelerations is effective, which is based on the reverse transition from the vector sum in the space of forces that act on the tractor to the vector sum in the space of accelerations. This method allows you quickly assess the performance of tractors when coupled with mounted and trailed agricultural machines, as well as the technical condition of the main elements of the tractor design. Keywords: tractor, tests, OECD Code 2, main elements, malfunctions, express methods
Relationship Between Religious Attitude and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Symptoms in University Students in Iran
Authors: Forstmeier Simon , Fereydouni Shapour , Fereidouny Doshmanzeiary Samira , Forstmeier Simon
Published: July 2022

A considerable proportion of young adults studying at universities have a mental disorder. Previous research has shown a negative relationship between various religiosity and psychopathology measures, with different strengths of this correlation depending on the religiosity measure. The aim of the present study is to investigate the strength of association between religious attitude and depression, anxiety and stress in Iranian university students. Thirty-three students from two Iranian universities filled in the Religious Attitude Scale for University Students (RASUS), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-42). Religious attitude correlates negatively with all psychopathological variables with a moderate effect size (e.g., with BDI-II: r = -.47; p = .006). When dividing the sample in low vs. high religious people, there were significantly more students without depression symptoms in the high religious attitude group than in the low group.
Mural Art as a Dynamic Art Phenomenon of Contemporary Ukrainian Society
Authors: Bitaieva Hanna
Published: July 2022

The article raises the issues of emergence, formation of mural art in Ukraine, and development of its manifestations in different cities. Analysis of factors allowed to state that muralism became a popular form of art and found its admirers among artists and city dwellers. Main distinctive features between a mural and graffiti are clarified.
The key positions in the formation of the conceptual and ideological components of murals and the phenomenon of the viewer’sinteraction with murals were revealed. The system of organizing various street art festivals in the framework of which the majority of murals in the country were created was investigated. Ukrainian pioneering street artists every year enrich the collection of artworks in Ukraine. Globally renowned foreign artists, whose works can be observed on the facades of buildings in the cities of Ukraine, were listed.
The development and spread of muralism in the environment of Ukrainian cities were structured. The positive and negative aspects of the manifestations of this art in the architectural environment were examined. The main factors of the influence of the spread of murals on the cultural and artistic development of the country, as well asthe growth of tourism and the importance of architectural structures with murals, were determined.
Perbedaan Lama Pelepasan Tali Pusat pada Bayi yang Dimandikan ke Dalam Air Hangat dengan Bayi yang Dilap Handuk Basah
Authors: Herman Herman , Mudrika Mudrika
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the difference in the length of the umbilical cord detachment in babies bathed in warm water with babies who are wiped with a wet towel at Batara Siang Hospital, Kab. Pangkep. The research method used is quasi-experimental research (quasi-experimental) using the Experimental Design-Equivalent Time Sample method. The results showed that the average length of umbilical cord detachment for infants who were bathed in warm water (experimental group) was 110.8 hours or 4.97 days, while the average length of time for removing the umbilical cord of infants who were wiped with a wet towel (control group) was 76. ,9 hours or 6.6 days. The average difference between the two groups is 24.72 hours or 1.20 days. The results of the statistical test obtained a P-value (<0.001), meaning that at alpha 5%, there was a significant difference in the average length of umbilical cord detachment between babies who were wiped with a wet towel, which was 2.01 days and babies who were bathed in warm water, which was 4, 01 day. So that the care of babies who are wiped with a wet towel is more effective, and the umbilical cord is removed faster than the care of babies bathed in warm water. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between umbilical cord care and the average length of umbilical cord detachment between babies who are wiped with a wet towel and babies who are bathed in warm water.

 

Keywords: Wet Wiping, Bathe, Leasing, Umbilical Cord
Faktor yang Memberikan Impact pada Angka Readmission terhadap Pelaksanaan Discharge Planning Stroke
Authors: Triwijayanti Renny , Rahmania Annisa
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors that have an impact on readmission rates on the implementation of stroke discharge planning in the ICU and operating room at Muhammadiyah Hospital Palembang. The research method is a quantitative research with an analytical descriptive approach. The results of the study found that knowledge with a p-value of 0.026, and attitudes with a p-value of 0.004. In conclusion, nurses' factors that influence the implementation of discharge planning, namely: knowledge and attitudes.

 

Keywords: Implementation of Patients Going Home, Recurrence of Stroke Patients
Senam Aerobic Low Impact dan Slow Deep Breathing (SDB) terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien dengan Hipertensi
Authors: Damayanti Risna , S Hasnawati
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of low-impact aerobics and slow deep breathing on changes in blood pressure in patients with hypertension in the working area of Antang Public Health Center Makassar City. This research method uses a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design. The results showed that the low-impact aerobic exercise intervention group decreased systolic blood pressure by five mmHg and diastolic by 7.86 mmHg. In comparison, the slow deep breathing group experienced a decrease in systolic blood pressure by 12.14 mmHg and diastolic by five mmHg. In conclusion, low impact aerobic exercise and slow deep breathing effectively lower blood pressure.

 

Keywords: Hypertension, Low Impact Aerobic Gymnastics, Slow Deep Berathing
Asuhan Keperawatan pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Fase Akut dengan Pendekatan Model Adaptasi Roy: Studi Kasus
Authors: Intan Neng , Dahlia Debbie , Kurnia Dikha Ayu
Published: July 2022

This study aims to describe nursing care in patients with diabetes mellitus in the acute phase, using the Roy application theory model. This type of research is a case study. The results showed that after nursing interventions were carried out in the form of diet education and adherence to therapy management, blood sugar control improved, client and family understanding increased, treatment days did not extend. In conclusion, the right way that nurses can prevent the recurrence of diabetes patients is to educate as early as possible on how to regulate nutrition through eating patterns with proper diet control and education on correct therapy management compliance.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diet, Education, Insulin
Jus Wheatgrass (Rumput Gandum) untuk Mengurangi Efek Kemoterapi
Authors: Ningsih Alfhy Septiana , Gayatri Dewi , Nurachmah Elly , Allenidekania Allenidekania
Published: July 2022

This study aims to describe and analyze the benefits of wheatgrass in reducing the effects of chemotherapy. The design of this research is a systematic narrative review. Six scientific databases were used to obtain relevant sources dealing with specific issues related to wheatgrass in reducing the effects of chemotherapy, namely Pubmed, Ebsco, Sage Journals, Clinical Key, Scopus, and Pro-quest. The study results found 655 articles, and six articles were relevant and qualified. The use of wheatgrass juice turned out to have a significant effect on treating cancer patients in reducing the impact of chemotherapy and providing alternative options for reducing the effects of chemotherapy. In conclusion, wheatgrass can increase hemoglobin and platelet levels, contain antineoplastic compounds, suppress EMT in hypoxia, and can improve the performance of P53 cells in performing apoptosis.

 

Keywords: Cancer, Chemotherapy, Wheatgrass
Pemberian Produk Olahan Berbasis Sumber Besi (Fe) terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Heryani Neni , Nasution Atika Fadhilah Danaz
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of providing processed products based on iron (Fe) sources on hemoglobin levels in pregnant women in the work area of Penyengat Olak Health Center, Muaro Jambi Regency. The design used in this study was a quasi-experimental design using the One Group pretest-posttest design. The results showed that most mothers were 20-35 years old (86.7%), the majority were mothers with multigravida (60%). The average hemoglobin level before giving processed food was 10.383 gr%. The intermediate hemoglobin level after giving processed food was 11,903 gr%. In conclusion, there is an effect of providing processed food based on iron (Fe) sources in the work area of the Penyengat Olak Health Center, Muaro Jambi Regency, in 2020.

 

Keywords: Haemoglobin, Pregnancy, Food, Iron
Media Interaktif dan Power Point terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Anatomi Fisiologi Mahasiswa
Authors: Suharti Suharti , Daryono Daryono , Abbasiah Abbasiah , Masyitah Dewi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of interactive media and motivation on anatomy and physiology learning outcomes in health polytechnic students of the Jambi obstetrics department. This research method is quasi-experimental, using a pre-test, post-test control group design. The results showed that the pre-test value of the experimental class group was 2238, with an average value of 74.60 with a standard deviation of 3.024. While the post-test in this practical class obtained a total of 2373, the average value was 79.10 with a standard deviation of 3.736. Meanwhile, the total pre-test score for the control group was 2000, with an average score of 66.67 with a standard deviation of 5.287. At the same time, the post-test in the control class obtained a total score of 2112 and an average value of 70.40 with a standard deviation of 7.700. In conclusion, there is an effect of using interactive media and motivation to increase learning outcomes of anatomy and physiology of Jambi Health Polytechnic students, Department of Midwifery.

 

Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Interactive Media, Motivation, PowerPoint
Komparasi Kompetensi Kepemimpinan Klinis Perawat Primer Berdasarkan Perspektif Evaluasi Diri dan Evaluasi Kepala Ruangan
Authors: Ginting Liana , Susilaningsih F. Sri , Suryati Yayat , Dedi Blacius
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the clinical leadership competence of primary nurses based on the perspective of self-evaluation and evaluation of the head of the room in the inpatient room at Immanuel Hospital, Bandung. This research method is a quantitative research using a comparative research design. The results showed that there was 1 component had an evaluation equation, namely the element of working together with other people both in the primary nurse self-evaluation and the evaluation of the head of the ward had good cooperation. Four components had different evaluation results between the primary nurse's self-evaluation and the evaluation of the head of the room, namely, self-quality, management of nursing care services, improving services, and determining direction. In conclusion, there are differences in the clinical leadership competence of primary nurses based on the primary nurse's self-evaluation with the evaluation of the head of the room.

 

Keywords: Self Evaluation, Head of Room Evaluation, Clinical Leadership, Primary Nurse
Karakteristik Responden Selama Pengambilan Darah Vena terhadap Tekanan Darah pada Anak
Authors: Nursiam Yusi , Mayetti Mayetti , Deswita Deswita
Published: July 2022

This study aims to describe the characteristics of respondents during venous blood sampling on blood pressure in children. This type of research is observational research with a descriptive approach. The study results showed that the respondents who had normal blood pressure were school-age children, female, and the companion education was primary education (SD-SMP). Meanwhile, the pre-hypertension blood pressure of most school-age children of male and female gender with accompanying education is primary education. In conclusion, the description of respondents' characteristics during venous blood sampling on blood pressure in children is the majority of normal blood pressure with school-age children of male sex and companion education is primary education (SD-SMP).

 

Keywords: Children, Gender; Venous Blood Draw, Blood Pressure
Terapi Komplementer pada Pasien CKD dengan Sleep Disorder
Authors: Esmayanti Ratna , Waluyo Agung , Sukmarini Lestari
Published: July 2022

This study aims to collect sufficient information on the role of complementary therapy in CKD patients with sleep disorders. The method used in this study is a literature study by collecting and reviewing several published articles related to the role, use and effect of complementary therapies in CKD patients with sleep disorders. The results showed the role of providing sleep hygiene training interventions, progressive muscle relaxation therapy, religious relaxation therapy, foot massage therapy and aromatherapy, and acupressure in improving sleep quality in patients. Sleep hygiene training, progressive muscle relaxant therapy, religious relaxation therapy, foot massage therapy and aromatherapy and acupressure can improve the patient's sleep quality. In conclusion, the five complementary therapies were able to improve the sleep quality of CKD patients on hemodialysis. However, from the five therapies above, the authors conclude that dialytic acupressure is the most effective intervention.

 

Keywords: CKD, Complementary, Sleep Hygiene
Effect of Heat Transfer on Wall Thickness and Insulation at Sterilizer Station PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan
Authors: Abdus samad M. Fahrul Rozi , Ali Sulaiman
Published: July 2022

Palm Oil Mill PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan is a factory engaged in the processing of palm oil, which is obtained in Crude Oil or called Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Kernel Oil. PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan has also experienced a conflict in the Sterilizer machine, which is a very important machine for processing Crude Oil. Stabilizer at PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan uses 3 horizontally shaped boiling units, each with a capacity of 7 lorries, each lorry containing two, five tons. A sterilizer means a pressure vessel used to cover palm oil, which uses steam as a heating medium that comes from a back pressure vessel that has a pressure of 2.0 bar and a temperature of 100 C. If the above requirements are not met, then the CPO production efficiency obtained may not be able to meet the specified specifications. therefore this analysis needs to be done so that we can understand or find out how to analyze heat transfer in the Sterilizer machine at PT. Socfindo Seunagan Gardens. This allows us to know the incoming energy, outgoing power, heat efficiency, losses, and changes in energy in transient conduction. The energy that comes out of each peak is Peak I as much as 48979,614 kJ, peak II at 79169,164 kJ and at Peak III as much as 81705,414 kJ. The highest heat efficiency is found in peak I of 0.846277. the lowest losses are at peak III as much as 51.765kJ.