bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Er, Cr
Authors: Subramanian Saravana Kumar , Anbarasu Prema , Joushua R S , Jeyaraj Yamini , Iyer Sushmitha R , Bhaskar Nivethitha
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:

Laser etching addresses the disadvantages of conventional acid etching technique, such as enamel decalcification and formation of white spot lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI), and the surface characteristics of the samples treated with conventional acid etching and Er, Cr: YSGG laser etching with variable output power and time durations.

METHODOLOGY:

The study sample included 78 extracted teeth divided into six groups of 13 teeth each, and 3 samples from each group were utilized for analyzing etch patterns, and the remaining 10 teeth from each group were used for evaluating the shear bond strength. In Group I phosphoric acid etching was done, whereas in Group II– VI Laser etching 1.5 W/10 s, 1.5 W/15 s, 3 W/5 s, 3 W/10 s, 3 W/15 s. Statistical analysis for shear bond strength testing was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Post HOC tests.

RESULTS:

The mean shear bond strength of Group I was 7.16 Mpa and Group III of 5.43 Mpa. Group II, IV, V, and VI had mean shear bond strength of 4.93 Mpa, 3.88 Mpa, 4.05 Mpa, and 4.88 Mpa, respectively. The ARI scores Group I had a significant number of samples with scores 2 other groups showed increased Score 0. The etch pattern of groups I, II, III showed the combined dissolution of both prism cores, and peripheries were seen. In group IV, the etching pattern was irregular with the pitted type of surface. In groups V and VI, relatively flat and smooth enamel surface was seen.

CONCLUSION:

The bond strength attained by laser etching (1.5 W/10 s and 1.5 W/15 s) was comparable to that obtained by the acid etching technique.
The World Wide Web of orthodontics- A comprehensive narrative on teledentistry pertaining to the orthodontics of the 21st century
Authors: Venugopal Adith , Bowman S. Jay , Marya Anand , Subramanian Aravind K. , Vaid Nikhilesh R. , Ludwig Björn
Published: January 2022

Teledentistry has proven effective in practically all dental fields. It also allows access to inaccessible and underdeveloped locations. Better treatment outcomes were documented in patients treated by an orthodontist supervised by teledentistry than by a general dentist with minimal orthodontic experience alone. It may also help to focus referrals to specialists and weed out those who do not need them. But, on a critical note, a doctor-patient relationship is much more than a business transaction. A face-to-face initial consultation instills trust that a remote session cannot. Teledentistry includes professional networking of doctors. This contact includes digital information exchange, CPD programs, case discussions, and analysis that bring dentists from all around the world together to improve patient care. Teledentistry has not only spanned the distance between dentists worldwide, but has also served as a conduit between customer (patient) and manufacturer. This spawned Direct to Consumer (DTC) dentistry, sparking substantial debate among dentists worldwide. In DTC dentistry, inadequately trained customers conduct complex procedures on themselves with minimal guidance of a dentist. One of the major issues today is the general availability of clear aligners to patients without the requirement for an intermediary skilled orthodontist. The American Association of Orthodontists (AAO) has publicly questioned the validity of Smile Direct Club, a private firm that dominates the DTC industry. European Federation of Orthodontic Specialists Association, on the other hand, has sponsored a joint declaration with the representative orthodontic associations in Europe to highlight and alert patients about the potential risks of DTC products. Unfortunately, public shaming hasn't slowed commercialization of DTC firms. Teledentistry has been a boon for healthcare, but a nightmare for our profession, raising fundamental questions like what is the difference between a customer and a patient? Is dentistry a just another discipline of cosmetics? Is teledentistry making us less connected with our patients?
Anthropometric measurements of peri-oral region in a sample of Iraqi thalassemic patients
Authors: Al-Taee Riad , Al-Saedi Aqeel Ibrahim Lazim , Nahidh Mohammed
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES:

Thalassemia, one of the most widespread autosomal recessive disorders, is characterized by anomalies in the synthesis of hemoglobin beta chains and is frequently coupled with variable craniofacial characteristics. Thalassemic patients suffer from severe anemia, which triggers several defense mechanisms in the body, such as bone marrow expansion, which forces the bones to expand, resulting in craniofacial bone deformities. This study aims to assess and compare the orofacial dimensions of β-thalassemia patients with those of a control group across similar ages and gender.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Three hundred Iraqi individuals agreed to participate in this study (150 non-thalassemic and 150 thalassemic patients with an equal distribution of genders). A well-trained researcher carried out five anthropometric measurements by using an electronic digital caliper. Gender and group differences were tested using an independent sample t test.

RESULTS:

Mouth width showed clinical and statistically significant group differences among all measurements in the study group.

CONCLUSIONS:

All measurements except mouth width showed nonsignificant clinical group differences.
Cytotoxicity effect of orthodontic miniscrew-implant in different types of mouthwash
Authors: Utami Wulan S. , Anggani Haru S. , Purbiati Maria
Published: January 2022

CONTEXT:

Orthodontic miniscrew implants (OMIs) are widely used as anchorage alternatives, but recent studies revealed the corrosion behavior of OMIs when they come in contact with mouthwashes. The corrosion materials that are released can cause toxicity, allergy, and mutagenicity.

AIMS:

This study aims to analyze the cytotoxicity effects of OMIs exposed to different types of mouthwash using human gingival fibroblast (HGFs).

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

Experimental laboratory research.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:

Twenty-eight samples of Ti alloy OMIs immersed separately in four groups of different types of mouthwash (chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% mouthwash (CHX), fluoridated (sodium fluoride 0.2%) mouthwash, chitosan mouthwash 1.5%, and aquadest) for 28 d. Elution of each group and the mouthwash itself were added to the cell culture and incubated for 24 h. Changes in cell viability were performed by MTT Assay.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Data were tested for normality with Shapiro–Wilk, homogeneity with Levene test, and analyzed using an independent T-test (P < 0.05).

RESULTS:

The differences between the cytotoxicity of the elution of MIO and the mouthwash solution itself in the group of CHX and Fluoride were statistically significant (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the group of chitosan and aquadest (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

The 1.5% chitosan mouthwash can be offered to patients with Ti alloy-based OMIs rather than the 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 0.2% sodium fluoride mouthwashes.
A correlative study of sella turcica bridging and dental anomalies related to size, shape, structure, number and eruption of teeth
Authors: Saokar Priyanka C. , Dinesh MR , Shetty Akshai
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE:

The main objective of this study is to get a wider and clearer idea about the relationship between sella turcica bridging and the type of dental anomalies related to size, shape, number, structure and eruption of teeth.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

For the present study, 50 pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs showing complete sella turcica bridging were retrieved from the 500 existing case records of patients. The control group consisted of 50 pretreatment lateral cephalograms without sella turcica bridging retrieved from the same case records by using simple random sampling. After collection of the samples, retrospective study was performed with the analysis of patient records to assess any associated dental anomaly in patients with sella turcica bridging and patients without sella turcica bridging. Shafer's classification of morphological variations in size, shape, structure, number and eruption of teeth was used to analyze and group the dental anomalies.

RESULTS:

The incidence of dental anomalies related to number and size of teeth was found to be higher in cases with sella turcica bridging.

CONCLUSION:

Lateral cephalogram is used by orthodontist routinely for diagnosis and treatment planning; it can be used as a prediction tool for dental anomalies as well. Early detection of skeletal anomalies can be used to forecast the presence of dental anomalies later in life, which will help the clinician to adopt preventive measures.
Brain abscess due to Cladophialophora bantiana in an immunocompetent child
Authors: Master Ricky , Bhimani Umesh , Tadvi Himanshu , Shah Ritesh , Balasubramaniam Seema
Published: January 2022

Cladophialophora bantiana is a rare melanized neurotropic fungus. We report a case of cerebral pheohyphomycosis due to C. bantiana in an immunocompetent child. The patient was a 12-year-old male who presented with a headache, intermittent vomiting associated with decreased movements of the right upper and lower limbs, and right-sided deviation of the mouth. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple conglomerated lesions in the left gangliocapsular region and corona radiata with perilesional edema and mass effect and a few small ring-enhancing lesions also. Aspiration of brain abscess sent for a culture and isolated C. bantiana. The clinical and radiological presentations are similar to the common organisms such as tuberculosis and thus can be misleading while diagnosis. Despite aggressive management, the patient succumbed to his illness. It is imperative to isolate microorganisms, using all microbiological tests. Fungi should also be considered irrespective of the immunocompetency.
Nonthyroidal illness syndrome as marker of severity in pediatric high dependency units
Authors: Passos Leonardo Daumas , Barbosa Adauto Dutra Moraes
Published: January 2022

Background:

Limited data is available in children with nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) and its association with prognosis in acute illness. This study was conducted to compare thyroid function as marker of severity with pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) and pediatric index of mortality (PIM) in pediatric high dependency unit (PHDU).

Subjects and Methods:

This was a prospective, cross-sectional observational study of 225 patients, aged 1–14 years with respiratory symptoms, admitted to a PHDU in a secondary care hospital in Brazil. PRISM-IV and PIM-2 scores were calculated and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4, T3, and T4 levels were measured on admission. The presence of NTIS was considered in patients with total T3 below reference values, which may be associated with normal or low levels of total T4.

Results:

The mean age of the study population was 52.9 ± 35.9 months; Male-to-female ratio is was 1.2. All patients had normal free T4 levels. In 65.9% of cases, TSH remained within normal limits, while 34.1% were below the reference range for age. The prevalence of NTIS was 45.8%. Total T3 was normal in 54.2% and total T4 was normal in 90.2% of cases. Low total T3 with normal total T4 was found in 36% of patients while both total T3 and T4 were low in 9.8% of cases. Lower PRISM IV scores (P = 0.0014) and lower PIM-2 scores (P < 0.0001) were significantly correlated with absence of NTIS.

Conclusions:

Patients without evidence of NTIS have lower disease severity scores and a better prognosis.
Deep-vein thrombosis
Authors: Lakshmi T , Shanbhag Gopalkrishna S , Anil Kumar T , Patil Alkarani T
Published: January 2022

The occurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in tuberculosis (TB) is not uncommon in adults but is relatively rare in children. We report the case of a 13-year-old girl who presented with fever and cough for 2 months followed by acute onset of pedal edema. She was diagnosed with disseminated TB and DVT of the right femoral and common iliac veins. A timely diagnosis of DVT and prompt initiation of anticoagulant therapy along with antitubercular therapy, not only averted the rare, yet dangerous complication of thromboembolism but also hastened her path to recovery. The challenge of maintaining international normalized ratio in the desired range, was met by replacing Warfarin with a short-acting oral anticoagulant (Acenocoumarol) to overcome the enzyme-inducing action of Rifampicin. Screening tests to rule out autoimmune etiology of thrombosis; and tests done to rule out a hereditary predisposition to thrombosis, were normal. In the case of disseminated TB, a considerable degree of awareness is required, for the early detection and treatment of a potentially serious complication like DVT, to avoid the life-threatening complication of pulmonary embolism.
A Case of Anorexia Nervosa in a Preadolescent Male
Authors: Patkar Prajakta , Singh Ichpreet , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel
Published: January 2022

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is one among the severe psychiatric disorders of adolescence. AN in boys is often overlooked by both physicians and psychiatrists since it is predominantly seen in females. Teenagers usually get over the disorder, but in some cases, AN can cause serious complications, including chronicity and death. AN is often encountered among females and more so in the affluent class. Here, we present an 11-year-old boy belonging to a middle-class Indian family, referred for psychiatric evaluation from the pediatrics department after ruling out all medical causes for the weight loss. The patient complained of loss of appetite along with weight loss of 14 kg in the last 3 months. In-depth psychiatric evaluation revealed significant distress of gaining weight as well as an intense disgust related to his body shape. A cluster of determined food refusal and weight loss triggered the exploration of other symptoms of AN. The patient responded to antidepressants and well-planned cognitive behavioral therapy. Results were seen in the form of return to the normal range of body weight, shape, and size along with its confident acceptance.
Effect of Salivary Antimicrobial Factors on Microbial Composition of Tongue Coating in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease with Phlegm-Stasis Syndrome
Authors: Ye Juan , Su Ke-Lei , Xu Yue-Hua , Yang Yang , Zhou Qian , Gao Wei , Cai Xue-Ting , Wei Qing-Yun , Cao Meng , Cao Peng
Published: January 2022

Objective:

Phlegm-stasis syndrome is one of the most common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and found in 59% of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in routine TCM clinical practice in China. One of the diagnostic criteria of phlegm-stasis syndrome is its characteristic white-greasy and thin tongue coating. We have previously reported that different types of tongue coating have different microbiome characteristics that can be used as diagnostic markers. However, the microbial characteristics of tongue coating of CHD patients with phlegm-stasis syndrome, including coating feature and underlying reason of formation, have rarely been reported. Herein, we examined the characteristic microbiome of tongue coating, and discussed the cause of tongue coating formation via salivary proteins in patients with phlegm-stasis syndrome.

Methods:

We examined white-greasy and thin tongue coatings obtained from 10 patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome (n = 10), and compared with those of patients with almost no coating – patients with Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome (n = 10) – and healthy controls (n = 10). 16S rRNA sequencing of tongue coating microbiome and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative analysis of salivary proteins were used to detect tongue coating and salivary protein separately. Salivary levels of sIgA, lysozyme, and amylase were detected by ELISA.

Results:

We identified Candidatus_Saccharimonas and Candidate_division_TM7_norank as the prominent members of tongue coating in patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome. Salivary proteins involved in biological processes, pentose phosphate pathway, and complement and coagulation cascades were among the differentially expressed proteins identified in patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome on iTRAQ analysis. Moreover, the formation of microbiota in tongue coating was associated with salivary sIgA, lysozyme, and saliva flow rate.

Conclusions:

We explored the characteristics of microbial composition of tongue coating patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome and identified correlations between salivary proteins and microbiome formation, providing a theoretical and mechanistic basis for tongue coating formation.
Network Pharmacology-Based Study of the Anti-Oxidative Mechanism of San Miao Wan in Treatment of Arthritis
Authors: Hao Xue-Qin , Kou Yan-Qi , Xie Xiao-Juan , Jiao-Wang  , Lv Jing-Bo , Su Jie , Liu Ke-Xin , Liang Gao-Feng
Published: January 2022

San Miao Wan (SMW) is a traditional Chinese medicine (composed of Cortex phellodendri, Rhizoma atractylodes, and Radix cyathulae) widely used in China to treat arthritis; however, its underlying mechanism remains unknown. We established the target gene library of SMW and performed gene ontology enrichment analysis of related target genes. The component-target protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of SMW and the disease-target PPI network of arthritis were merged to form a core PPI network. Finally, the anti-oxidative effect of SMW for treating arthritis was evaluated in a rat arthritis model induced by sodium urate. The results showed that R. atractylodes contained four active components with 68 target proteins, R. cyathulae contained two active components and 139 target proteins, and C. phellodendri contained eight active components and 275 target proteins. The target genes of R. cyathulae were highly related to the synthesis and metabolism of reactive oxygen species, while target genes of R. atractylodes and C. phellodendri were highly related to the circulatory system. The component-target PPI network of SMW and the disease-target PPI network of arthritis predominantly overlapped. In vivo, SMW effectively reduced knee swelling induced by sodium urate, decreased serum malondialdehyde levels, and increased serum superoxide dismutase levels. In conclusion, the therapeutic effects of SMW in arthritis are associated with its anti-oxidative properties.
An ultimate proof of Hoffmann–Totaro’s conjecture
Authors: Karpenko Nikita A.
Published: January 2022

We prove the last open case of the conjecture on the possible values of the first isotropy index of an anisotropic quadratic form over a field. It was initially stated by Detlev Hoffmann for fields of characteristic

\ne2

and then extended to arbitrary characteristic by Burt Totaro. The initial statement was proven by the author in 2002. In characteristic

2

, the case of a totally singular quadratic form was done by Stephen Scully in 2015 and the nonsingular case by Eric Primozic in early 2019.
Influence of Allium Sativum (Garlic), Zingiber officinale (Ginger) and Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) Extract against Larvae of Aedes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Diptera)
Authors: Aminu M.A. , Hafiz M.S. , Shehu S.A. , Azeezat  , Namadina M.M. , Haruna H. , Mukhtar M.M. , Tasi’u S. , Yunusa A.Y. , Biliyaminu A. , Umar A.B. , Maitama F.Y.
Published: January 2022

Mosquito control has become more difficult due to the unsystematic use of synthetic chemical insecticides which have inauspicious effect on the environment. Botanical phyto-chemicals with mosquitocidal potential are now recognized as potent alternative insecticides to replace synthetic insecticides in mosquito control programs due to their excellent larvacidal activities. The present study assessed the influence of A. sativum (garlic), Z. officinale (ginger) and S. aromatic (clove) extracts against Aedes mosquitoes. Larvacidal activities of three indigenous plant extracts were studied in the range 5.0 to 30.0mg/l in the laboratory bioassay against fourth instar larvae of Aedes sp. The mortality were subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) to kill 50 percent of treated larvae of Aedes sp. Data obtained were analyzed by Comparing experimental groups and control groups with significance level established at p<0.05. All plants tasted showed effects after 24hrs of exposure at different concentration (mg/l). However the highest mortality was found in A. Sativum (garlic) and Z. officinale (ginger) against larvae of Aedes mosquitoes with LC50 = 42.50% (2.685) and LC50 = 30.01% (4.461) mg/l, while S. aromatic(clove) was found to have lowest mortality at LC50 = 24.50% (5.52) respectively. It is therefore recommended that A. sativum(Gallic), S. aromatic (Clove) has showed larvacidal effects against Aedes mosquitoes and could be served as alternative form of botanical control against mosquitoes .

Keywords: A. sativum (garlic), Z. officinale (ginger) and S. aromatic (clove), Extracts, Aedes mosquitoes
The Effect of Cooking on the Goitrogenic (cyanogenic glycosides and glucosinolates) Content of Pumpkin Leaves (Telfairia occidentalis) and Spinach Leaves (Spinacia olairaceae)
Authors: Oruma Y.U. , Abraham O.J. , Odiba P.A. , Egwemi I.O. , Okwutachi A.M , Aye G.A , Yahaya A.
Published: January 2022

Fresh ugwu (Telfairia occidentalis) and spinach (Spinacia olairaceae) leaves play important roles in human nutrition. Leafy vegetables including Telfairia occidentalis and Spinacia olairaceae are considered as agents of transmission of goitrogens which interfere with iodine uptake thus causing goiter. Cyanogenic glycosides are naturally occurring goitrogens found in staple foods in the tropics. Thiocyanate and isothiocyanate have been demonstrated as the goitrogenic principles of cyanogenic plants Thiocyanate ion acts as a goitrogen when present at high concentration especially when the iodine content of the diet is low. Thiocyanate inhibits the uptake of iodine by the iodide pump of the thyroid gland thus acting as a goitrogen which suppresses thyroid function leading to goiter. This study examined the effect of cooking on the goitrogenic potential of Ugwu and Spinach leaves. A total of (10g) of fresh/ andraw ugwu and spinach leaves were randomly collected and cooked. All samples were examined according to standard methods for detection of goitrogens. The cyanogenic glycosides content of rawand fresh ugwu leaves were 1. 6mg /kg - 1. 82mg/ kg while that of cooked leaves were 0. 004mg/ kg - 0. 0 l3mg/ kg. The glucosinolates content for raw and fresh Ugwu leaves were15.7mg/kg-17.28mg/kg, while that of cooked Ugwu leaves were 11.18mg/kg- 12.51mg/kg . For Spinach the cyanogenic glycosides content for raw and fresh were 0.24mg/kg-1.28mg/kg, while that of cooked spinach were 0.013mg/kg- 0.00Smg/kg. The glucosinolates content for raw and fresh spinach were 4.0mg/kg-2.64mg/kg while those of the cooked leaves were 2.52mg/kg-1.82mg/kg. there was a significant diference (P=0.085) in the level of reduction of glucosinolate content between raw and cooked Ugwu leaves and Spinach. There is also a significant difference (p=3.04) in the concentration of glucosinolates between Ugwu leaves and Spinach. Ugwu leaves had a higher concentration of glucosinolates than spinach in both fresh (raw) and cooked conditions respectively. These findings provide evidence that the risk of acquiring goiter from the consumption of ugwu and spinach leaves is reduced when cooked.

Keywords: Ugwu leaves, Spinach leaves, Cooking, Goitrogens, Cyanogenic glycosides, Glucosinolates
Mathematical Model to Determine Motion of Infinitesimal Mass When Primaries Are both Radiating and Triaxial
Authors: Emmanuel Atanyi Yusuf , Oduwole H.K. , Aimufua Gilbert , Abam Ayeni O.
Published: January 2022

This model has examined the motion of an infinitesimal particle when both primaries are radiating and triaxial in the framework of the Circular Restricted Three Body Problem (CR3BP). It was observed that the equations of motion were affected by perturbing forces (triaxiality and radiation pressures) of the primary bodies. Analytically, the locations of equilibrium points were obtained and applied to the binary systems Kruger 60 (AB) and Achird to obtain the numerical results with the help of MathLab software. Numerical investigations reveal that locations of equilibrium points of this problem have been determined and the effect of increasing triaxiality on the position of equilibrium point were obtained with graphical results. It reveal that the infinitesimal mass moves in the direction of the bigger primary towards the line joining the primary bodies. The linear stability of the equilibrium points has also been examined and a numerical solution of the analytical result was applied to the binary stars Kruger 60. It was found that the triangular points are unstable which means that the instability exist as a result of the presence of perturbation forces (Radiation and Triaxiality).

Keywords: Model, Motion, Infinitesimal, Radiating, Triaxial.
Évaluation du risque d’érosion sur quelques sols de la plaine de Lubumbashi, R.D. Congo
Authors: Muamba Kalenda Bwandamuka Franco , Banza Mukalay John , Katumbwe Ndandula Franck , Kabwe Masangu Francis , Mwamba Kasongo Michel , Mayamba Makanda Gaillard , Nkulu Mwine Fyama Jules , Kasongo Lenge Mukonzo Emery
Published: January 2022

Le contrôle de l’érosion hydrique des sols est l’une des préoccupations importantes en agriculture pluviale, notamment sous les climats tropicaux. Dans la plaine de Lubumbashi, deux sites agricoles (ferme Kasapa et le périmètre agroforestier de Mukoma) ont été étudiés en vue d’y évaluer le risque d’érosion hydrique du sol. Des cartes thématiques des différents facteurs d’érosion, tels que décrits dans l’Équation universelle de pertes de sol, ont été intégrées dans un Système d’Information Géographique, permettant ainsi de : (1) démêler leur complexité et leur interdépendance dans l’analyse des risques d’érosion et (2) cerner l’impact et la contribution de chacun d’eux aux pertes en sol. Cette démarche a permis de : (1) hiérarchiser les différentes zones de sites étudiés selon leurs degrés de sensibilité à l’érosion et (2) déterminer le taux d’érosion par le ruissellement en nappe (30,8 t/ha/an en moyenne pour la ferme Kasapa et de 3,6 t/ha/an pour le site de Mukoma). Par ordre d’importance, les facteurs décisifs qui contrôlent l’érosion hydrique dans la plaine de Lubumbashi sont : la pente, l’érodibilité des sols et la couverture végétale.

The control of soil erosion by water is one of the major concerns in rainfed agriculture, especially in tropical climates. In the plain of Lubumbashi, two agricultural sites (Kasapa farm and the agroforestry perimeter of Mukoma) have been studied to assess the risk of soil erosion. Thematic maps of the various erosion factors, as described in the Universal Soil Losses Equation, were integrated into a Geographic Information System to (1) unravel their complexity and interdependence in the analysis of erosion risks and (2) identify the impact and contribution of each of them to soil losses. This approach allowed us to (1) prioritize the different areas of the studied sites according to their degree of sensitivity to erosion and (2) determine the rate of sheet erosion by runoff (30.8 t/ha/year on average for the Kasapa farm and 3.6 t/ha/year for the Mukoma site). In order of importance, the decisive factors that control water erosion in the Lubumbashi plain are: slope, soil erodibility and vegetation cover.
Effects of Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) composts on biochemical, phytochemical and nutraceutical quality of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) seeds
Authors: Derra Abdoul-Nassiré , Yélémou Barthelemy , Sama Hemayoro , Hilou Adama
Published: January 2022

A study on the potential for agronomic valorisation of Jatropha curcas co-products in rainfed agriculture was conducted in Burkina Faso to determine the impacts of compost-based by-products of Jatropha on the nutritional quality of the sorghum seeds produced. The effect of 13 composts was evaluated and compared to a control. Sorghum seed parameters determined were total phenolics, total flavonoids, starch, total sugars, phorbol esters and antioxidant activities measured with DPPH and FRAP protocols. The results have showed a statistically significant difference between the treatments for all parameters. Correlations between the different parameters mean a simultaneous improving of biochemical parameters of sorghum. The ferric reduction ability power was significantly and positively correlated to total phenolics (r = 0.792) and flavonoids (r = 0.602) content. The analysis of the main components has enabled the various treatments to be divided into 4 groups. Flavonoid content and FRAP activity are closely related to the treatment BM+CP. The treatments for the control group have improved total polyphenol content and DDPH activity. The others groups have improved starch and carbohydrate content. The phorbol ester dosage revealed no contamination of sorghum seeds. These results suggest that Jatropha by-products compost can be used as an alternative or complement to chemical fertilizers for soil fertility improvement.
Comparative study of the nutritional potential of a wild fruit (Saba senegalensis) from Côte d'Ivoire with pineapple, papaya and banana
Authors: Kouakoua Yapi Elisée , Coulibaly Aïssatou , Kouadio Olivier Kouadio , Gnagne Eliane Hadiowe , Amani N’guessan Georges
Published: January 2022

Saba senegalensis fruit is traditionally collected and sold on the Ivorian markets, although it is considered as an underutilized species in favour of commercial fruits. The present study aimed at providing data on the nutritional value of Saba senegalensis fruit in comparison with widely valued fruits. Saba senegalensis pulp as well as dessert banana, papaya and pineapple pulp were used as study material. After an evaluation of the biochemical parameters, a principal component analysis (PCA) was used to highlight the nutritional potential of the different fruits. The results showed that the physicochemical parameters varied from one fruit to another. The Saba senegalensis fruit stood out from the other three fruits by its high antioxidant activity (IC50 = 39.80 ± 0.45 mg/ml), its high concentration of polyphenols (600.94 ± 5.27 mg EqA. G / 100 g), flavonoids (245.09 ± 19.10 mg EqA.G / 100 g), vitamin A (1.96 ± 0.03 mg/100 g), Ca (29.19 ± 0.17) and Fe (2.51 ± 0.06 mg/100 g). These nutritional constituents are far superior in Saba senegalensis pulp to those of banana, papaya and pineapple. Thus, its nutritional potential could be a major asset for its consumption and valorisation
Synthesis and characterization of a high surface area activated carbon derived from cassava peels waste by KOH activation
Authors: Amakoromo T.E. , Abumere O.E. , Amusan J.A.
Published: January 2022

This work presents the synthesis of activated carbon, a very important material with lots of use cases in textile, food industries and even in energy storage as an electrode material in supercapacitor development. Abundantly available cassava peels was used as a raw material for the production of the activated carbon by adopting the chemical activation approach which utilized KOH as activating agent. The activation was carried out at 8000C in a tubular furnace. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed that a highly porous carbon structure was achieved with high specific surface area of 828m2g-1as evident from the BET results. Raman spectrophotometer analysis showed that the prepared activated carbon was highly graphitized as seen from the G peak. The existence of mesopores and micropores was confirmed by the N2 adsorption/desorption analysis which also revealed the presence of a hysteris loop and a P/P0=0.45 value.
Characterization of chitosan from Rhynchophorus phoenicis and synthesis of its alumina nanocomposite
Authors: Osu C.I. , Ugwu H.C. , Iwuoha G.N.
Published: January 2022

Rhynchophorus phoenicis, found in the tropical regions of Africa where it is regarded as a pest was used to synthesize chitosan and alumina-chitosan nano-composite. The synthesized Chitosan and alumina-chitosan nano-composite were characterized using instrumental methods of analysis which include Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). FTIR reveals the existence of OH stretching vibration –NH stretching, NH bonding, vibration of methylene C-H bonding, O=C=O stretching, C-N bonding stretching and CO stretching vibration at 3842.33 cm-1, 3402.54 cm-1, 3286.81 cm-1, 2939.61 cm-1, 1527.67 cm-1, 1303.92 cm-1 and 1041.60 cm-1 respectively. The scanning electron micrograph proves that the chitosan has large particles that are regular with paltry pores while alumina-chitosan nano-composite has fairly small particles and porous surface with significant pores. X-ray diffractogram showed a distinct stretch at 22o; 16o and 25o; 17o for chitosan and alumina-chitosan nano-composite. The characterization of the products confirmed that the synthesis of chitosan and alumina-chitosan nano-composiote was effective.
Petrophysical analysis of well data for clastic reservoir evaluation and determination of the invaded zone effect: A case study of a field in the onshore Niger Delta, South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo R.C.
Published: January 2022

Two reservoirs domiciled in a well have been analysed in this study in order to obtain the quantitative reservoir properties. These quantitative reservoir properties are essential not only for well development and optimization but also for accurate decision-making prior to reservoir exploitation and production. A suite of composite logs comprising the caliper log, gamma-ray (GR) log, density log, resistivity logs and sonic transit time logs obtained from a field in the onshore Niger Delta was used for the petrophysical analysis. From our quantitative results, Reservoir 1 has the potential to produce oil and gas with a total hydrocarbon saturation of 81%. However, due to the invaded zone effect on the reservoir potential, the total hydrocarbon fluid has been partitioned into moveable hydrocarbon of 65% saturation and immoveable hydrocarbon of 16% saturation. This resulted from the mud filtrate invasion of the radially shallow zone which displaced the original fluid while the undisplaced hydrocarbon fluid remained in the pore spaces of the reservoir. The porosity of the reservoir sand is 33% and its effective porosity is 32.5%. The high effective/interconnected porosity and clean nature of the sand which is due to the extremely small volume of shale present in the sand (just 1.0%) clearly shows that the reservoir is highly porous, permeable and producible.The net pay of the reservoir (represented by the thickness TH in Mesh 1) could not be quantitatively determined due to lack of depth information on the logs. The second reservoir (Reservoir 2) has a total hydrocarbon saturation of 94.8% and water saturation of just 5.2%. The total hydrocarbon saturation is partitioned into 82.8% moveable hydrocarbon saturation and 12% immoveable hydrocarbon saturation which resulted from the invaded zone effect. The porosity of the reservoir was determined at 33% and its effective porosity at 32.5%. Again, the high effective/interconnected porosity and clean nature of the sand arising from the extremely small volume of shale present in the sand (0.4%) is a clear indication that the second reservoir is also highly porous, permeable and producible. The net pay of Reservoir 2 (represented by the thickness TH in Mesh 2) is higher compared to Reservoir 1 but could not be evaluated due to absence of depth values on the logs. In the final analysis, the overall results show that the reservoirs are commercially favourable and have the potential to pay back.
Pociąg do przyszłości – lekcja historii z Colsonem Whiteheadem
Authors: Gondor-Wiercioch Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

Train to the Future – History Lesson with Colson Whitehead

In my article I am going to focus on the innovating way in which Colson Whitehead presents African-American history in his novel The Underground Railroad. Similarly, to the classical texts exposing erased and buried histories in the U.S. such as written by William Faulkner and Toni Morrison, Whitehead proposes a history lesson for Americans and non-Americans, but instead of producing another historical reconstruction, he uses the technique of multisynchronism combining the past, present and future that constantly interplay in his narrative. The plot that binds all other motives together is that of the Underground Railroad which is simultaneously referring us to the historical organization and a secret vehicle that never stops and thus it is a metaphor for actions undertaken to abolish systemic racism that never ends in the U.S. I would like to argue that apart from the above-mentioned literary strategies Whitehead also created timeless language so different from his literary predecessors like Faulkner and Morrison who often relied on modernist history reconstruction and the use of dialects (including AAVE). In my article I will not only attempt to answer the question if Whitehead’s formal achievements are indeed revolutionary, but I will analyse his way of incorporating Black history into fiction, trying to compare his diagnosis of the American society to the conclusions of Faulkner’s Light in August and Morrison’s Beloved. I will focus particularly on the combination of post-racial prose, speculative realism and afrofuturism.
Pisanie performatywne (Głosy i performanse tekstów. Literatura – piosenki – ciało Pawła Tańskiego)
Authors: Urbańska Magdalena
Published: January 2022

The review focuses on the analysis of PawełTański’s book Głosy i performanse tekstów. Literatura – piosenki – ciało [Voices and Performances of Texts: Literature – Songs – Body]. Contrary to the title, textual analysis overwhelmingly prevails over performance studies in Tański’s work which also abstains from research into this field. The author carries out a sketchy review of cultural texts – mainly poetry and songs. In my article I examine Tański’s study, with particular attention to his favourite motifs, i.e. self-referentiality, love for poetry and counter-culture. As the author often reduces scientific description to emotional interpretation and expresses personal preferences in an exaggeratedly emotional form, the reader receives a cumulative expression of love for literature in the form of a report from the inside. This is also evidenced by the number of literary references and extensive citations. In my review, I critically follow this affective delight, and recognise Tański’s analyses to not only be personally tinged but also to draw from performative writing.
Management of Immune Thrombocytopenic Patient Associated with COVID-19 Viral Infection: A Case Series
Authors: İNCAMAN Deniz
Published: January 2022

Severe thrombocytopenia is a cause of morbidity and mortality for patients with COVID-19 infection. The common causes of thrombocytopenia in these patients are; sepsis, drug-associated, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HIT), microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA). Recently, cases of COVID-19 infection-associated Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) have been reported in the literature. In our study, we will present our case series consisting of 10 patients associated with COVID-19
Kaposi's sarcoma in an Ankylosing Spondylitis patient treated with Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (Anti-TNF-α) Therapy
Authors: HAKBİLEN Selda , TEZCAN Dilek , YİLMAZ Sema
Published: January 2022

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors are immunosuppressive agents used in a variety of inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disease associated with the human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8). We present a 46-year-old male patient with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) treated with TNF-α inhibitor and developed KS during follow-up. The coexistence of anti-TNF-α treatment with KS is a rare condition. This case is presented to address this rare association. Therefore, keeping in mind KS, which is a type of skin tumor, in such HIV-negative patients in whom immunosuppressive agents are initiated, is essential in terms of early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of complications.
Aplicación del sistema de inventario para prevenir perdidas en las empresas comerciales
Authors: Martínez Prats Germán , Camacho Acosta Irma , Tosca Magaña Sergio
Published: January 2022

Los inventarios son parte importante parte de las empresas a lo largo de los años estos representan uno de los pilares fundamentales para que la empresa pueda ser rentable y tenga los recursos suficientes para poder sustentar las demandas del consumidor. Las mercancías son una parte fundamental de las empresas por los beneficios que tiene al ser aplicadas en el control de las mercancías. En la presente investigación se hablará sobre como los sistemas de inventario se desarrollan para crear un beneficio redituable a las empresas, así como la importancia que tienen, abordaremos como un sistema de inventario puede hacer frente a las pérdidas de mercancías en la empresa y así poder ayudar a que sea más rentable.
Demiryolu Aracı Disk Balatalarının Tasarımında Yüksek Sıcaklığın Neden Olduğu Fren Zayıflama Probleminin Belirlenmesi İçin Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi Yaklaşımı
Authors: ÜNAL Abdülkadir , AKKUŞ Nihat , KANDİL Seyfettin Tolga
Published: January 2022

Demiryolu aracı fren sürtünme elemanlarında, uzun süre fren yapılmasına bağlı olarak disk ve balata yüzeyinde sıcaklık artışı meydana gelmektedir. Artan sıcaklıkla birlikte fren performansını düşüren ve zayıflama (fading) olarak adlandırılan önemli bir problem ortaya çıkmaktadır. Sürtünme elamanı tasarımcıları, zayıflama problemini öngörebilmek amacıyla tasarım aşamalarında genelde dinamometre gibi deneysel test yöntemleri kullanmaktadırlar. Bu tarz deneysel yöntemler kabul görmüş güvenilir yöntemler olsa da zaman ve maliyet açısından dezavantajlıdır. Bu çalışma, fren sürtünme elemanı tasarımlarında zayıflama problemine karşı deneysel yöntemler yerine bilgisayar destekli sonlu elemanlar yöntemlerini kullanarak termal öngörüde bulunulmasını sağlamayı ve böylece zamandan ve maliyetten tasarruf elde edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla geleneksel deney yöntemleri yerine sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile modelleme yapılarak termal analiz yapılmış ve bu analiz sonuçları gerçek demiryolu testleri ile doğrulanmıştır. Gerçek demiryolu testlerinde diskte oluşan maksimum sıcaklıklar K tipi bir termokupl yardımıyla ölçülmüş ve elde edilen sonuçlar analiz sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda sonlu elemanlar yöntemi sonucunda elde edilen değerlerin gerçek demiryolu testleri sonucunda elde edilen değerler ile büyük oranda örtüştüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Aracın maksimum hızı olan 140 km/h hızda yapılan frenleme sonucunda deneysel olarak ölçülen maksimum ortalama sıcaklık 384 °C iken simülasyon sonucunda ölçülen maksimum sıcaklık 400 °C’dir. Elde edilen veriler zayıflama problemini tespit etmek için sonlu elemanlar yönteminin fren sürtünme elemanı tasarımında kullanılabileceğini ve böylece zamandan ve maliyetten tasarruf sağlanabileceğini göstermektedir.
Orta Koridor Rotasında Türkiye’nin Liman bağlantılarının Bulanık AHP ve TOPSIS Yöntemleriyle Araştırılması
Authors: SACAR Ömer , ÖZDEMİR Sezgin
Published: January 2022

Türkiye, jeopolitik konumu ile bölgesel ulaştırma koridorlarının merkezinde yer almaktadır. Çin’den başlayan Orta Asya’yı takiben Kazakistan ve Türkmenistan yoluyla Hazar Denizi’ni aşarak Kafkaslara ve Türkiye’ye gelen orta koridor çok önemli taşıma güzergâhıdır. Çin’in son yıllarda başlattığı Modern İpek Yolu güzergâhlarından birisi olan orta koridor, bilhassa denize sınırı olmayan ülkelerin ilgisini çekmektedir. Türkiye, tarihi İpek Yolu’nun yeniden canlandırılmasına yönelik olarak çeşitli projeler geliştirmektedir. Türkiye’nin büyük hacimli yükleri orta koridora çekmesi için demir yolu ve liman ilişkisinin kurması elzemdir. Bu çalışmada liman seçim problemlerinde paydaşlar için önemli kriterler araştırılmış, limanların teknik ve ticari özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Orta koridor üzerinden Türkiye’ ye gelen ve deniz yolu ile devam edecek bir yük taşımasına en ideal liman seçimi Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci ve TOPSIS yöntemlerinin entegre edilmesiyle belirlenmiştir.
B70 Tipi Demiryolu Traverslerinde Polipropilen Fiber Kullanımının Deneysel İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇEÇEN Ferhat , AKTAŞ Bekir
Published: January 2022

Günümüz demiryolu işletmeciliğinde artan hız ve aralıksız işletim koşulları sonucunda, daha düşük bakım gerektiren ve uzun ömürlü çözümler mecburiyet halini almıştır. Bu çalışmada, en önemli demiryolu üstyapı elemanlarından biri olan traversler ele alınmıştır. Klasik B70 tipi öngerilmeli betonarme traverslerin faydalı servis ömrünün, sönümleme performansının ve rezonans direncinin artırılması adına, yerli polipropilen elyaf (PP) donatı kullanımının sağlayabileceği potansiyel faydalar araştırılmıştır. Üretilen elyaflı ve elyafsız numunelerde TS EN 13230-2’de yeni bir travers dizaynı esnasında istenilen yükleme-kaldırma-tekrar yükleme esaslı kademeli artışlı statik eğilme testlerinin yanı sıra, modern modal testler ve yüksek hızlı darbe testleri yapılmıştır. Test sonuçlarına göre uzun ve verimli servis ömrü açısından olumlu sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.
Legal Protection of Workers in Fostering Industrial Relations
Authors: Pohan Masitah , Rahmayanti Rahmayanti
Published: January 2022

The workforce in Indonesia is one of the drivers of economic life and is an abundant resource. The development of industrial relations is expected to create work peace. Conducive work environment and harmonious working relationship. and fair. The purpose of the research raised in this paper is to determine the legal protection of workers in fostering industrial relations. The research method used is by applying normative or doctrinal legal research, with an analytical approach and comparative law study (comparative law) by emphasizing comparisons with legal provisions governing work agreements in several common law and civil law countries, as the basis for legal research methodology. The data collection tool comes from document studies on secondary data. A balanced position between labor and industrial relations is certainly directly proportional to the protection of workers. For this reason, regulations are needed that can accommodate the interests of interested parties.