bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo etnobotânico de plantas medicinais na Reserva Extrativista Rio Preto Jacundá, Amazônia brasileira.
Authors: Amaral Ribas , Ribeiro Beck , Tronco Quadro , Franco Yoshihara
Published: December 2021

A etnobotânica é uma ciência interdisciplinar, onde reúne perspectivas diferentes e complementares sobre a relação entre as pessoas e os recursos vegetais. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi descrever o conhecimento ecológico local das plantas medicinais utilizadas ou de uso potencial, nas comunidades tradicionais da Resex Rio Preto Jacundá. As informações do estudo foram obtidas por meio da aplicação de formulário semiestruturado, metodologia SnowBall e coleta de dados em formato de lista livre. Foram aplicados 20 formulários e coletadas informações por meio de 194 citações, com indicações para 75 espécies diferentes. Quanto às partes das plantas mais utilizadas, temos o uso de casca (36,6%) e folhas (25,77%) e quanto à forma de preparo, obtivemos o predomínio da técnica de infusão (57,21%). Portanto, conclui-se que as populações tradicionais possuem amplo conhecimento sobre plantas para fins medicinais.
Distribución potencial de cultivos agrícolas en el estado Mérida (Venezuela), en escenarios de cambio climático.
Authors: Paredes Yorman , Chacón-Moreno Eulogio
Published: December 2021

Se presenta la distribución potencial de cultivos en el estado de Mérida, utilizando modelos de distribución basados en datos recopilados en el campo y variables ambientales, y su distribución potencial en escenarios de cambio climático (CC). Se registró la presencia y ausencia de los cultivos: papa, zanahoria, café, cacao y plátano, y se estimó estadísticamente la distribución de cada uno. Con base en las trayectorias de concentración representativas (RCP), se desarrollaron modelos espaciales en escenarios CC. El cultivo de cacao muestra un área potencial de 3,62%, mientras que el cultivo de café de sombra presenta un área posible de 20,33%. Los modelos espaciales actuales tienen un alto potencial climático para la distribución de cultivos de papa y café de sombra. En los escenarios CC, el café disminuyó el área ideal, mientras que los cultivos de papa en 2100 pierden el 69% del área potencial.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan Berbasis Web dengan Pemanfaatan Barcode Scanner di MI Nurul Huda Argopeni
Authors: Slamet Slamet , Mukhamad
Published: December 2021

Berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan, pengolahan perpustakaan di MI Nurul Huda Argopeni saat ini masih bersifat manual belum memiliki sistem informasi, sehingga menimbulkan masalah baru seperti cenderung rawan terjadi kesalahan pencatatan, adanya ketidakakuratan data. Catatan manual  bisa saja hilang, rusak, sobek, tercampur atau tertumpuk dengan dokumen yang lain dan pelayanan menjadi lambat dan tidak efektif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sistem  informasi perpustakaaan dengan pemanfaatan teknologi barcode scanner yang dapat mempermudah petugas perpustakaaan dalam pengelolaan sirkulasi buku secara cepat, tepat, otomatis dan meningkatkan pelayanan kepada siswa yang lebih baik, akurat, efektif, dan efisiensinya penggunaan waktu, tempat, maupun tenaga.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang sistem informasi perpustakaan berbasis web MI Nurul Huda Argopeni yang support barcode scanner. Dalam perancangan aplikasi ini penulis menggunakan tahapan-tahapan dari pengembangan SDLC dengan model proses Waterfall dan perancangan sistem menggunakan model UML (Unified Modeling Language). Perancangan sistem informasi perpustakaan  ini dapat mempermudah petugas perpustakaaan dalam pengelolaan buku dan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kepada siswa di perpustakaan MI Nurul Huda Argopeni.
Bahasa pemrograman yang penulis gunakan adalah PHP dan menggunakan database MySQL. Untuk menguji kelayakan sistem, penulis menggunakan blak bock testing. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah pembuatan aplikasi sistem informasi perpustakaan berbasis web di MI Nurul Huda Argopeni yang support barcode scanner.
Performance of Regional Staffing Agency Services in order to Increase the Rank of Civil Servants of Murung Raya Regency of Central Kalimantan
Authors: Dion Yanson
Published: December 2021

This research aims to describe and analyze the performance of services and what factors affect the service performance of the Regional Staffing Agency in the framework of the promotion of Civil Servants of the Regional Staffing Agency in the framework of the promotion of Civil Servants in Murung Raya Regency. The approach taken in this study is a qualitative approach with the instrument is an interview. Measured, as well as documents that support the author in using informant data in this study amounted to 15 people consisting of Employees at the Regional Staffing Agency of Murung Raya Regency.
The results of the Regional Staffing Agency's service performance research in terms of promotions seen from productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibilities and accountability in Murung Raya Regency have been good. That is, from the receipt of files, file verification, management to BKN Regional Kalimantan to the issuance of the promotion decree is basically in accordance with the regulations, in accordance with the vision of BKD's mission and provides good satisfaction to the community of service users (PNS) of Murung Raya regency. The performance of promotion services in BKD Murung Raya which is an obstacle factor such as changing rules about the technical requirements of promotion, there are still some civil servants who are late to submit their files or files submitted incomplete and the distance between BKD and BKN Regional Banjarbaru so that the enactment is scheduled earlier or faster.
Writing a Novella to Introduce Tourism Objects in Palembang
Authors: Aryanti Nurul , Ujihanti Murwani , Ardiansyah Welly , Annas Tasya Vani , Vasa Annisa Indina
Published: December 2021

This research was aimed at knowing how to write a novella entitled “Allied” to promote several tourism destinations in Palembang. In research, the researchers used research and development (R&D) method. The researchers conducted two steps of R&D method: (1) preliminary study, which involved literature study, field study, and product drafting, and (2) model development, which were limited testing and wider testing. The researchers implemented these steps by developing the product. The data were collected from observation and interview in preliminary study step. In model development, the draft of novella regarding the language, structure of sentence, and the content of the story was revised by several experts. The novella was written in English by using Final Draft as the software of writing a story. The story was wrapped in action genre by bringing some mystery in tourism destinations in Palembang that would entertain and educate the readers at the same time. Additionally, in writing a novella entitled “Allied” there were three steps that were conducted with R&D method by Sukmadinata (2015) which the steps were linked to the sixth steps of writing a story by Grenville (2001): Getting Ideas, Choosing, Outlining, Drafting, Revising, and Editing.
Study Analysis Fuel from Plastic Waste
Authors: Azharuddin  , Arnoldi Dwi , Putri Fenoria , Almakky Kemas M. Fadhil , Davala M. Ivan
Published: December 2021

The explosion of plastic-based waste (polymer) in the environment, as a result of its excessive use, so that this phenomenon causes damage to environmental ecosystems, water absorption is not optimal causes flooding, and polluting nutrients in the soil. Plastic is a polymer compound composed of the main elements, namely carbon and hydrogen. The best results in this study by using this tool have a physical appearance: yellow like premium fuel type "1.0" (color test results using the ASTM D1500 method), very pungent smelling liquid, thicker when compared to premium fuel types. And has specifications: Density value of 786.4 kg/m3, Sulfur Content 0.003% m/m, water content 282 ppm, CCI 53.4.
Online English Learning for Mechanical Engineering Students during the Pandemic: Challenges and Suggestions
Authors: Lingga Yulima Melsipa , Karolina
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought changes to the whole world. This pandemic also has an impact on the learning system in Indonesia. From the previous face-to-face learning to online learning, including for English courses. This study aims to elaborate on what challenges were faced by students during online English learning, and what suggestions were given to face and solve these challenges. The object of this research was the first semester students of Mechanical Engineering at the Tanah Laut State Polytechnic. There were 33 students in the Mechanical Engineering department. By using qualitative research methods from written response data and semi-structured interviews, the results showed that there were challenges in the form of unstable or poor internet connections, sudden power outages, lack of interest in learning, and even running out of internet quota while studying. Students also suggested that each material had a learning video that could be replayed at home. They also suggested giving assignments in the form of direct practice with online interaction so that it was easier to understand and corrected directly by lecturers. Furthermore, they suggested apps for more enjoyable English learning related to a machine or their field. This study provided an overview of the online English learning process for mechanical engineering students during the pandemic. It is hoped that in the future it will be able to come up with better solutions to the existing challenges.
Service Quality in Natural Gas Distribution: A Study
Authors:   Research Scholar, School of Petroleum Management, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar. Gujarat, India, Asia Narpat , Paliwal Pramod ,   Professor, School of Petroleum Management, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar. Gujarat, India
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Using the SERVQUAL model in the Natural Gas Distribution business context, the research paper examines and compares the quality of service parameters of two City Gas Distribution (CGD) companies engaged in Piped Natural Gas (PNG) distribution- one from public and other from the private sector. Research Design/Approach: Mapping of various activities pertaining to domestic (household) PNG service on the SERVQUAL dimensions was undertaken. Based on the mapping, a relevant data collection tool was deployed to collect the data on PNG service quality parameters from the respondents, who were current consumers of these companies. Hypotheses regarding various components of SERVQUAL model were tested towards the comparison of service quality of these companies. Data were analyzed by employing an appropriate statistical tool. Findings: Statistical results reveal a significant difference between the companies in terms of the quality of services offered by them. Interpretation of study results, managerial implications and suggestions have been discussed in the paper. Practical Implications: The study shall help in designing and implementing the quality of service parameters and subsequently devising or revising Service Level Agreements (SLA) for the domestic PNG customers of CGD companies. Originality/Value: Not much relevant research work on service quality issues has been undertaken in the CGD Sector in general and in the domestic Piped Natural Gas (PNG) sub-sector in particular. One of the outcomes of the study is also the mapping of various activities pertaining to domestic PNG service on the SERVQUAL dimensions.
The Impact of Dharma on Management PhilosophyA Comparative Study of Vishnu Smriti and Contemporary Corporate Thinking
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Management and Commerce, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Brindavan Campus, Kadugodi, Bengaluru, Umesh Pranav , Sivakumar N. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management and Commerce, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Brindavan Campus, Kadugodi, Bengaluru
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Management philosophy acts as a foundation for business by defining its vision, mission, and purpose and by providing guidelines for its operations. For centuries, Indian ethos has encouraged socially beneficial corporate behavior by invoking the concept of dharma. Using a historical analysis research design, this paper attempts to measure the impact of dharma on management philosophy of modern companies. Methodology: The paper uses a historical analysis research design. The paper specifies the ideal from Vishnu Smriti, a Dharmasastra text of ancient India. The contemporary management thinking is studied by analyzing the management philosophy statements of the fifty corporations comprising the NIFTY index in India. Several data analytics techniques like correlation analysis, association analysis and path analysis, have been used to measure that the impact of dharma on management philosophy. Findings: The study reveals that the impact of dharma on the management philosophy modern corporations is not so strong. The results of correlation analysis, association analysis and path analysis all showed that impact of dharma on the management philosophy of the NIFTY indexed companies is not upto the expected ideal. Practical implications: As the impact of dharma on the management philosophy of modern corporations is not strong, it is necessary for managers to understand the values guidelines provided in dharmashastra texts to develop their vision and mission statements. Such guidelines from Vishnu Smriti include treating employees and customers with respect and cultivate environmentally sustainable management practices. Originality: The originality of the paper arises from its ability to integrate the philosophy of Indian ethos in contemporary management thinking and measuring the same using well known statistical techniques.
Current Status of the Management of Plant Protection Product Containers in Cho Moi District, An Giang Province, Vietnam
Authors: Trung Thanh Nguyen  , Son Dai Hai Cao  , Quynh Anh Nguyen Thi  , Phuoc Toan Phan  , Ngoc Thach Tran  , Le Ba Tran  , Tri Thich Le  , Quoc Thao Tran  , Nhat Huy Nguyen
Published: December 2021

Every year, thousands of tons of plant protection product (PPP) containers are indiscriminately discharged into the environment as toxic waste that has a negative impact on the land, water, and air environment as well as public health. This study surveyed the use of PPPs in rice cultivation, and the generation of hazardous waste (HW) when using pesticides, specifically pesticide packaging and containers in Long Kien and Long Dien B communes, Cho Moi district, An Giang province, Vietnam.  Data collection was conducted through direct interviews, mainly collecting personal information of farmers in the surveyed area, the current situation with regard to pesticide use, container management, environmental awareness, and proposals for hazardous waste management from the farmers’ perspectives. The results show that local farmers are aware of the harmful effects of pesticide containers, but they are not able to make use of effective methods of collecting and treating the waste containers properly. Based on the survey results, several solutions are proposed for managing HW in order to reduce environmental pollution from the use of pesticides, minimize the impacts of HW on people's health, and contribute to local sustainable development.
The Importance Of Macroprolactin In The Diagnosis Of Hyperprolactinemia
Authors:   Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Aw TarChoon , Lau CS ,   Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
Published: December 2021

This article provides a brief review of macroprolactin (MPRL) – what, why, how, and when. Prolactin (PRL) secretion is uniquely controlled by tonic dopamine inhibition. Circulating PRL is a heterogeneous mixture of different sized proteins – monomer, dimer, and a large PRL-immunoglobulin aggregate also known as MPRL. Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL), which affects male sexual function and female reproduction, is a common endocrine disorder. Elevated PRL may be physiologic, pharmacologic, or pathologic. However, MPRL is quite common (ranging from 13–30%) and should be excluded before inappropriate investigations and therapy for HPRL are initiated. MPRL can be precipitated by mixing serum with polyethylene glycol (PEG) followed by centrifugation; monomeric PRL remains in the supernatant. MPRL is considered present if the PRL recovery is less than 40% or if the post-precipitation PRL concentration is low. The use of both measures for MPRL provides greater clarity. Different immunoassay platforms recognize MPRL differently necessitating assay-specific reference ranges. All HPRL samples should be screened for MPRL.
Standardization of substrate and buffer concentrations for in-vivo nitrate reductase activity in Adenanthera microsperma leaves
Authors: Sharma Priyanshu , Chaukiyal S.P. , Sengar Meenu
Published: December 2021

The combination of different substrate concentrations (0.05M, 0.10M, 0.15M, 0.20M and 0.25M, KNO3) with different pH of phosphate buffer (0.10 M and 0.20 M, KH2PO4 of the pH 7.0, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, and 7.8) solutions were tried for in-vivo nitrate reductase activity of Adenanthera microsperma leaves. Maximum nitrate reductase activity was observed in the combination of buffer solution (0.20M KH2PO4) having pH 7.7 and substrate solution 0.20 M concentration.
Insect Pests of Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. : An Update
Authors: Roychoudhury N.
Published: December 2021

Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. (Dipterocarpaceae), commonly known as sal, is one of the most important timbers of India both ecologically and economically. It is of Indian origin, widely distributed in central and north India and constitutes an important ecosystem, which provides cool and calm environment rich in biodiversity. This tree species has a highest number of insect fauna among the forest trees. Of about 346 insects recorded on sal, about 155 species of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera (105), Coleoptera (31), Thysanoptera (9), Hemiptera (4), Orthoptera (4), Ephemeroptera (1) and Isoptera (1) are associated with living tree. The major insect pests of sal are, ‘seed and seedling borer’ Pammene theristis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Eucosmidae), feeding on seed while they are on the tree; Sitophilus rugicollis Casey (Coleoptera : Curculionidae), damage seed either on the forest floor or during storage; white grubs such as Holotrichia spp. (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae), which feed on the root system of the plants in nurseries and beetles feed on the foliage; defoliators such as Caviria sericea Moore (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae), Lymantria mathura Moore (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae), Paectes subapicalis Walker (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), Trabala vishnou Lefebvre (Lepidoptera : Lasiocampidae), which feed on the leaves; stem borer such as Hoplocerambyx spinicornis Newman (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae) and sap sucker, such as Drosicha stebbingi Green (Hemiptera : Coccidae). Termites, such as Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae) and timber borers, such as Sinoxylon anale and S. crassum (Coleoptera : Bostrychidae), damage sal timber in dying, felled or stored logs in depots.
New record of Emilia javanica (Burm.f.) C.B. Rob. and Inula falconeri Hook.f. (Asteraceae) in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Garg Arti , Joshi Bhavana
Published: December 2021

Emilia javanica (Burm.f.) C.B. Rob. and Inula falconeri Hook. f. of family Asteraceae are reported for the first time from Uttar Pradesh.
A fé cristológica do protocristianismo em Cl 1,15-20
Authors: Morais Augusto Lívio Nogueira de
Published: December 2021

O estudo da fé cristológica no contexto do protocristianismo é um tema importante para se entender o processo de desenvolvimento da própria fé cristã. O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar alguns elementos dessa fé cristológica no texto de Cl 1,15-20. A metodologia utilizada foi a investigação bibliográfica e qualitativa, sendo feita uma análise dedutiva para a obtenção dos resultados. A carta aos Colossenses é um texto pertencente ao grupo das epístolas deuteropaulinas. Seu autor colocou em Cl 1,15-20 uma perícope de origem pré-paulina. Ela foi inserida na carta, pelo autor, com retoques e acréscimos. A análise do texto identifica-o como um hino provindo do ambiente litúrgico das protocomunidades cristãs de cultura helênica. Sendo, portanto, uma forma de expressão de sua fé em Jesus e, consequentemente, um modo de comunicar sua hermenêutica sobre ele. A perícope apresenta elementos de uma cristologia adâmica e de uma cristologia sapiencial. Há, no texto, uma tendência a interpretar Jesus de forma abstrata ou a identificá-lo como uma figura heroica divinizada. Os acréscimos, feitos pelo autor paulino, parecem querer corrigir essas tendências apresentando o tema da morte na cruz como instrumento concreto da reconciliação universal por ele realizada. Portanto, para o protocristianismo em Cl 1,15-20, Jesus é o princípio e o fundamento da criação e da redenção.
O livro da Sabedoria e a nova ética do cuidado: respeitar a natureza, mas não a endeusar
Authors: Silva Vilson José da
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise do texto bíblico delimitado em Sb 13,1-9, no qual o autor sagrado faz uma crítica explícita aos seus contemporâneos, que, de modo errôneo, relegavam à natureza e, de modo especial, aos astros a condição de deuses. Sua crítica a esta concepção é feita a partir da própria filosofia, defendida e propagada pelos filósofos estoicos gregos. Assim, de modo muito pedagógico, o autor adverte os seus ouvintes-leitores de que os gregos, munidos de seus altos conhecimentos filosóficos, não foram capazes de encontrar a verdadeira fonte da beleza, pois, seduzidos pela beleza emanada das criaturas, transformaram a obra de arte no artista. Valendo-se desta crítica, de que é preciso um novo olhar sobre as criaturas e que a capacidade intelectiva e, principalmente teológica, pode e deve favorecer isso, o presente artigo correlacionará a exegese do texto com a proposta de uma nova ética, a saber: a ética do cuidado, a qual não é nova, porém, ignorada.
A Torre de Babel e a transmodernidade: confluências possíveis
Authors: Pezenti Renato Adriano
Published: December 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é indicar algumas convergências entre o horizonte de significados do relato bíblico da torre de Babel de Gn 11, 1-9 e o conceito filosófico de transmodernidade. Para isto, lança-se mão de uma hermenêutica do texto de Gênesis explorando sua estratégia literária marcada pela ironia e a sua mensagem de contestação das pretensões de uniformização e centralização de Babel como negação da ordem cósmica pós-dilúvica marcada pelos imperativos de Gn 9, 1: “Sede fecundos, multiplicai-vos e enchei-a terra”. Para a compreensão do conceito de transmodernidade são mobilizados dois artigos do filósofo argentino Enrique Dussel o qual a compreende como crítica pós-moderna descentralizada, não referenciada pela modernidade ou pela Europa, mas tecida a partir da periferia do mundo. Assim, interpretados a partir de suas referências, o relato bíblico e a transmodernidade encontram convergências por meio de seus apelos por pluralidade e diversidade, como contrapontos à uniformização e à centralização totalitarizantes, características tanto de Babel e quanto da modernidade.
O cultivo da terra: leituras ecológicas de Gn 2,15 e Is 5,8-10
Authors: Mauri Érica Daiane
Published: December 2021

O cuidado com a Terra exige de todos nós a constante busca por caminhos de conscientização e promoção de novas práticas comprometidas com o bem comum. Com o objetivo de iluminar o nosso modo de cultivar a terra, tendo em vista que esta é uma dimensão do necessário cuidado socioambiental, nos aproximamos dos textos bíblicos para uma leitura ecológica. A narrativa da criação em Gênesis, capítulo 2, oferece elementos que nos ajudam a compreender o trabalho humano e suas implicações para o meio ambiente. Enquanto a profecia de Isaías nos alerta para os problemas socioambientais causados por uma matriz de produção agrícola latifundiária. A narrativa de Gênesis 2 e a profecia de Isaías 5,8-10 fornecem elementos teológicos que permitem uma aproximação crítica com o atual modelo de produção agrícola vigente em nosso país. O agronegócio é estruturalmente depredador dos recursos naturais e promotor de degradação social, cultural e ambiental. Como proposta de cuidado com a Terra é preciso promover a substituição do atual modo de cultivo da terra para os modelos agroecológicos. A matriz agroecológica garante a produção agrícola concatenada com a preservação e regeneração ambiental e social para esta e para as futuras gerações de seres viventes.
PEEK as a Potential Material for Dental Implants and its Biomechanical Properties and Osteoblast Cell Response
Authors: S. Williamson Randall
Published: December 2021

Proper osseointegration is crucial for the success of dental and orthopedic implants. Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium (TAV) is one of the most popular implant materials; however, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has gained the interest of implant researchers and manufacturers over the past several years due to its lower modulus of elasticity compared to metallic implant materials. Porosity and patterned surface morphologies are thought to improve mechanical interlocking and play an important role in the differentiation of pre-osteoblasts into mature osteoblasts. This study aimed to determine the effects a macro patterned PEEK surface has on the material’s mechanical properties and the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of pre-osteoblasts. Mechanical testing data indicated that the macro patterning improved the mechanical interlocking and has no detrimental effect on compression strength. DNA data and live/dead imaging showed that pre-osteoblasts on solid PEEK specimens did not readily differentiate but instead encouraged proliferation only. However, ALP data in comparison to the DNA data showed that cells on patterned PEEK specimens more readily entered the differentiation pathway to mineralization. This is further confirmed by the patterned PEEK specimens showing an overall higher amount of cell mineralization. Clinical significance: This study concludes that surface macro patterning of PEEK material increases the mechanical interlocking and enhances the osseointegration capability without diminishing mechanical properties.
Impact study of integrated precipitable water estimated from Indian GPS measurements
Authors: DUTTA SURYAK , PRASAD V.S. , RAJAN D.
Published: December 2021

The Global Positioning System – Integrated Precipitable Water (IPW) data from Indian stations namely Chennai, Guwahati, Kolkata, Mumbai and New Delhi have been assimilated in the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting’s (NCMRWF) Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS). Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) Scheme of GDAS analysis is experimented with the global model T254L64. The analyses and forecasts are carried out at triangular truncation of wave number 254 and with 64 levels in vertical. Global analyses are carried four times (0000 UTC, 0600 UTC, 1200 UTC and 1800 UTC) daily with intermittent time scheme. Model integrations are carried up to 168 hours. The present study examines the impact that integrated precipitable water has over various meteorological parameters. The study reveals that the assimilation of IPW data influences the analyses and corresponding forecasts of the weather model T254L64. This is an attempt of assimilation of IPW data of the aforesaid five Indian stations in the global model and examination of corresponding impact on various meteorological parameters over Indian region. It is seen that for the layers above 750 hPa the zonal and meridional wind components for IPW analyses have less biases. Forecasts from IPW simulations are found to have consistently by lower 850 hPa wind vector root mean square error (RMSE) where as at 250 hPa, improvement in IPW runs are seen only for day-1 and day-4 forecasts. For temperature at 850 hPa, IPW forecasts valid for day-4 & day-5 are better. At 250 hPa, temperature RMSE for IPW runs is lower for day-1 forecasts. Mean error of IPW forecasts at 250 hPa is lower for all the days of forecasts. Also, geo-potential RMSE for the IPW runs at 250 hPa is lower for all the days of forecasts. Forecasts vs analyses study shows positive impact of IPW assimilation on the anomaly and pattern correlations.
Usefulness of class A Pan coefficient models for computation of reference evapotranspiration for a semi-arid region
Authors: SINGH PK , PATEL SK , JAYSWAL P , CHINCHORKAR SS
Published: December 2021

The reliability of estimates of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) using pan evaporation (Epan) depends on the accurate determination of pan coefficients (Kpan). Six ET0 models were evaluated for their usefulness using 33-year climatological dataset of a semi-arid region of the Gujarat state of India. The equations compared include Cuenca (1989), Allen and Pruitt (1991), Snyder (1992), Modified Snyder (Grismer et al., 2002), Orang (1998), and Pereira et al. (1995). The ET0 data, calculated using daily Kpan values from these equations, were compared to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)-Penman-Monteith (FAO56-PM) method as a reference. Based on the visual comparison as well as from the statistical criteria, ET0 values computed using Modified Snyder and Orang model have very close agreement with the FAO56-PM method for daily, monthly, and annual estimates as compared to other approaches. The sequential performances of the explored models was found as: Modified Snyder (Eqn. 5) > Orang (Eqn. 6) > Cuenca Eqn. (2) > Allen & Pruitt (Eqn. 3) > Snyder (Eqn. 4) > Pereira et al. (Eqn. 7) model. Therefore, the Modified Snyder model (Grismer et al., 2002) could be recommended as the best model for ET0 computations under these prevailing climatic conditions for a semi arid region.
Crop yield prediction using CERES-Rice vs 4.5 model for the climate variability of different agroclimatic zone of south and north-west plane zone of Bihar (India)
Authors: SINGH P.K. , SINGH K.K. , BAXLA A.K. , KUMAR B. , BHAN S.C. , RATHORE L.S.
Published: December 2021

CERES-rice models are being validated and tested across the world and vigorously used in agrotechnology transfer. Crop growth models have been considered as potential tools for simulating growth and yield of crops. Hence, DSSAT v 4.5/ CERES-Rice (Decision Support System for Agro-technology Transfer / Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis) was applied to validate the Rice productivity from Bihar State in India. Long term historical weather data (1980-2011) and (1985-2011) from South and North West Alluvial plane zones of Bihar was used for yield analysis. Genetic coefficients required for running the CERES-Rice vs 4.5 model were derived and the performance of the model was tested under the climate variability conditions experienced by these two agroclimatic zones. Management combinations simulated were three transplanting dates (1st, 15th & 30th July) for rice cultivar Rmansuri under rainfed conditions.The results indicated that both the early and late sowing dates result in lower yields as compared to optimum sowing date of 15th July. The simulated phenology and yield were found to be in agreement with observed data suggesting that the calibrated model may be operationally used with routinely observed soil, crop management and weather parameters for Rice yield estimation from these two regions of Bihar.
Comparison of rainfall from ordinary and automatic rain gauges in Karnataka
Authors: AGNIHOTRI GEETA , PANDA JAGABANDHU
Published: December 2021

The establishment of a network of AWS is one of the very important components under modernization programme of IMD. This study discusses the comparison of 24 hrs accumulated rainfall from ordinary and automatic rain gauges in 11 co-located stations of Karnataka. Results show that Bangalore, Gadag, Honnavar, Dharwad, Haveri, Tumkur, Bidar and Kodagu have bias within ±5 mm exhibiting good performance while Chamarajanagar, Raichur and Bijapur have bias within ±20 mm. The correlation coefficient between two datasets is strong and positive for all the stations except Chamarajnagar, Raichur and Bijapur. The t-test shows that the difference between means of two datasets is not statistically significant at 95% confidence. Further, AWS data is able to show changes in various meteorological parameters along with the movement of the cyclone. This has highlighted the utility of AWS data in extreme weather events like a tropical cyclone
kya jalavaayu parivartan saur badalaav se prabhaavit hota hai?
Authors: PESHIN SUNILKUMAR , CHAKRABORTY DK , SINGH SIDDHARTH
Published: December 2021

At present, climate change is a matter of great concern to mankind. This change, which is due to the manmade activities, is changing global temperature and the concentration of CO2 and O3 in the atmosphere. But there are some changes in the sun also. Solar changes could be assessed by solar flux at 10.7cm wavelength. Climate change could be assessed by long time temperature records. In this study we have examined whether solar change has any effect on climate change? We have analyzed two sets of data, 10.7cm solar flux (TSI) and global temperature record, along with total ozone, UV-B flux at ground and satellite data of total solar irradiance. Global temperature anomaly curve (GTAC) shows a slow increase of temperature up to about 1975 and a rapid rise after this year. Solar flux at 10.7cm wavelength shows a decreasing trend up to about 1970 and an increasing trend after this year. It also has 11 year cycle. GTAC, total ozone, UV-flux at ground and TSI also show 11 year cycle and some trend, but none of them matches the long-term trend found in solar flux at 10.7cm wavelength.
Prices, Availability And Affordability Of Essential Medicines For Non-Communicable Diseases: A Facility Based Survey In District Abbotabad
Authors: Mir Khizran , Ayyub Hafsa
Published: December 2021

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are spreading like an epidemic worldwide. Essential medicines are crucial for prevention and control of NCDs. World Health Organization (WHO) has set a benchmark of 80% availability of essential medicines in public and private facilities. Availability being a predictor of access to medicines is low in Low and Middle income countries (LMICs). The objective of this study is to determine price, availability and affordability of essential medicines for NCDs in District Abbottabad. Methods: This study was based on the standardized protocol provided by WHO and Health Action International (HAI) for determination of availability, prices and affordability of medicines. A total of 50 medicines for NCDs that were enlisted in Essential Medicine List of district Khyber Pakhtun Khawa were selected for the study. Twenty seven medicine dispensing facilities belonging to public, private and other basic health units (BHUs) (managed by PPHI) sectors were surveyed in the district. Simple random sampling was employed to select facilities. Results: The mean overall percentage availability of essential medicines for NCDs was 0.1% for original brand and 1.9% for low price generic in public sector. Overall availability was better in private and other sectors (32.9% for OB and 13.8% for LPGs and 5.3% for OB and 11.1% for LPG respectively). The prices in public procurement sector were competitive. The median price ratio (MPR) in public procurement sector was 0.56. Prices were higher comparatively in private sector with MPR 2.83. Most of the medicines require less than a day wage to buy 30 days treatment. Conclusions: The availability of essential medicines for NCDs was poor in District Abbottabad. None of the sectors reached the benchmark of 80% with regard to availability of medicines. LPGs were not frequently available in the private sector. However, prices were reasonable in public sector and acceptable in private sector. Medicines were found to be affordable but affordability may differ for people living below poverty line of US $1.
Need Assessment for Faculty Development in Wah Medical College
Authors: Khan Khola , Ramzan Prof. Dr. Musarat , Ahmed Dr. Saleh , Nadeem Dr. Sadia
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Faculty development (FD) is defined broadly as the range of activities that institutions use to assist faculty in their roles and fields including teaching, research and administration. And faculty is now expected to be more effective and creative in their teaching methods. Objectives: To determine the needs assessment for faculty development. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Wah Medical College, January- June 2019.  Methodology: A questionnaire was prepared after the review of literature. It had two parts; demographic profile and responses of the faculty on various aspects regarding needs assessment. Questionnaires were distributed to all the faculty members of college. Data was analyzed by SPSS and frequencies were calculated. T-test was used with p value of 0.05. Result: 90 faculty members responded back. Out of these 90, 34(37.8%) were in favor of 1 workshop per year. 59(65.6%)wanted half day workshop. 75(83.3%) members wanted workshops to be on weeks days. 66(73.3%) favored one-day workshops. 71(78.9%), 47(52.2%), 38(42.2%) don’t attend workshops due to lack of time, institutional support, trained facilitators respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that the Wah medical college faculty is in need of faculty development programs that should be conducted by the medical education department with in the college. The college should facilitate the faculty in the best possible way especially considering the limitations and responsibilities of the female faculty.
Effect of depression and anxiety on quality of life among cardiovascular patients visiting Tertiary Care hospital Lahore
Authors: Shakoor Andleeb , Kamran Hafsa , Shakoor Maryam , Khalid Sidra , Shakoor Sughra , Aslam Maria , Shakoor Hina
Published: December 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Mental disorders like anxiety and depression are common among cardiovascular patients. These mental disorders have adverse effect on quality of life (QoL) among these patients which further increases mortality and morbidity among them Objective: The propose of this study was to assess the effect of anxiety and depression on quality of life among cardiovascular patients Methods: A cross sectional study was performed at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore. 100 patients of CVD were selected by non-probability sampling technique. All patients of both genders aged above 18 years with diagnosed CVD were included. In order to measure the anxiety and depression among cardiovascular patients, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and WHOQOL was used to assess the QoL of patients Results: Out of total 100 patients, there were 47 females and 53 males. Patients mean age was 54.87 ± 16.66. Among CVD patients, 52 were borderline cases and 33 were abnormal cases of anxiety. 56 cases were borderline and 28 were abnormal cases of depression. Anxiety and depression had adverse effect on QoL among CVD patients. Low scores were found for physical, psychological and environmental domains of WHOQOL. A significant association was found between social relationships domain of  WHOQOL with anxiety and depression and the level of significance was p-values 0.016 and 0.043 respectively. There was significant association between psychological domain of QoL with depression (P=0.039) and monthly income (P=0.016). There was insignificant association between educational level, sex, age with QoL, anxiety and depression Conclusions: Study concluded that anxiety and depression have negative impact on QoL and are risk factors for health-related QoL among CVD patients. Persons attending medical care are usually not being assessed for anxiety due to lack of facilities, lack of understanding of disease and over burden of patients. They are responsible for greater mortality and morbidity in CVDs. The depression and Anxiety are the mediating factors and it must be taken into consideration in clinical practices when QoL is considered as a clinical prerequisite
THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS COURTS IN PROTECTING WOMEN'S RIGHTS IN DISTRIBUTION OF JOINT PROPERTY
Authors: Rasyidin Rasyidin , Eriani Dian , Soraya Ade
Published: December 2021

This study aims to review the discussion on how the role of the Religious Courts towards the protection of women's rights in the distribution of joint assets in the decision Number 4698/Pdt.G/2019/PA.Tgrs and also how the considerations of the Religious Court Judges based on the Decision Number 4698/Pdt.G/2019 /PA.Tgrs. The research method used is normative juridical with a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. Data analysis uses a qualitative approach. The Religious Courts in protecting women's rights in cases of the distribution of joint property have a role and function to examine, adjudicate and decide on a case applying human rights values with respect for human dignity, non-discrimination, equality before the law, justice, benefit, legal certainty, and ex officio judges provide protection for women, by giving 70% of joint property to women and 30% to men by ignoring the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law. Consideration of judges who ignore women's rights and have a patriarchal mindset towards child support. It is the duty of a man to provide for his children, an obligation that is neglected causes a man to be able to collect wealth while a woman to provide a living for children is the cause of not being able to collect wealth. Judges should consider this to create legal justice.
Reinforced Concrete Strength at Slab and Column Intersection
Authors: Siao Wen Bin
Published: December 2021

This paper proposes a method modified from that as first suggested by Siao1 to determine the effect on column strength taking into consideration the effect of confinement by the surrounding slab. Previous test results2-4 obtained by others (37 test specimens in total) have been used to justify the proposed method. Results show reasonable agreement between actual and predicted values.
Design Rainfall Temporal Patterns for Upper Klang Catchment
Authors: Jer Lang Hong  , Azmi Jafri  , Izihan Ibrahim  , Suzana Shafie  , Kee An Hong  , Irena Naubi
Published: December 2021

Rainfall temporal patterns are needed as inputs for hydrologic models such as unit hydrograph or runoff routing method used in the derivation of flood hydrographs. The patterns adopted can have a major effect on the resulting flood computed. Short and long duration rainfall data are both required for different sizes of catchments to determine and locate the flood producing critical storms in flood estimation. Design temporal patterns with different durations are therefore also required for distributing the storm rainfall in flood calculations. Patterns for a large number of durations with reasonably short time intervals are needed by designers to reduce the need for interpolation and to maintain the accuracy in obtaining the peak of the hydrograph. In this study, pluviograph data for the Upper Klang Catchment with records of over 30 years are used to derive temporal patterns for 20 standard durations as per ARR87. Rainfall temporal patterns for the upper Klang were derived for rainfall durations from 10 minutes to 72 hours and for time intervals from 5 minutes to 4 hours. The patterns presented in this study demonstrate the use of Average Variability Method in deriving design rainfall temporal patterns for data of the Klang Catchment and the patterns derived can be used for design flood estimations for catchments in the same general region.
Structural Behaviour of Putra Block Under Axial Load Using FEM
Authors: Pang Wei Ken  , Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Samad  , Goh Wan Inn  , Noridah Mohamad  , Mohamad Zulhairi Mohd Bosro  , Muhammad Afiq Tambichik
Published: December 2021

Interlocking hollow block (IHB) system is a new building technology which eliminates the mortar layer and instead provides a key connection (protrusions and grooves) to interconnect the blocks. With respect to the mortarless feature of the system, it will shorten the construction period, reduce labour and cost, and is environmental friendly. This study covers the modelling and the analysis of Putra Block which is an interlocking hollow block system developed by the Housing Research Centre at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) under axial compression load using Finite Element Method (FEM). The block units comprise of a stretcher block, a corner block and a half block. The aims of this research were to develop the Putra Block prism model using ABAQUS software and to study the structural behaviour of these prisms under axial load using finite element analysis. The Putra Block prism consists of three layers of blocks where the top and bottom layer are made of stretcher block where the middle layer are made of two half blocks placed side by side. Before proceeding with the simulation study, validation of the Putra Block prisms was conducted by using results from previous experimental research work. It was found that the ultimate load between experimental and simulation results had slight differences with an error of 2.56%. The small variations justify the ability of ABAQUS to predict the structural behaviour of elements under axial compression load with good accuracy level. Based on the FEA study, higher compressive stress value was observed on the face-shell of the block whilst higher tensile stress occurred at the webs. The failure of the prisms was mainly due to extensive tensile cracks induced at the web-shell interaction and middle of the block. Further parametric study reveals that by increasing the height of the individual blocks lead to the reduction of its ultimate load. Consequently, the use of higher concrete grade block indicated an improvement in the prism strength and stability under axial load.
Một số cải tiến cho các kiểm tra thống kê tính ngẫu nhiên sử dụng so khớp mẫu
Authors: Linh Hoang Dinh , Lượng Trần Thị
Published: December 2021

Tóm tắt—Các kiểm tra liên quan đến so khớp mẫu chồng lấp đã được đề xuất trong NIST SP 800-22 [1], tuy nhiên các xác suất trong các kiểm tra này chỉ đúng cho các mẫu đặc biệt và cần được tính lại cho các mẫu khác. Trong [2], các tác giả đã đề xuất các tiêu chuẩn thống kê so khớp mẫu mới cho tất cả các mẫu 4 bit. Các kiểm tra mới này áp dụng cho chuỗi bất kỳ có độ dài tối thiểu là 5504 bit, trong khi theo NIST độ dài tối thiểu 106 bit. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi đã cải tiến và đề xuất các kiểm tra so khớp mẫu 4 bit mới mà có thể áp dụng cho các chuỗi bất kỳ có độ dài nhỏ nhất chỉ là 3726 bit. Hơn nữa, chúng tôi đưa ra 3 kiểm tra thống kê so khớp mẫu 5 bit mới. Kết quả lý thuyết và thực hành cho thấy các đề xuất cải tiến của chúng tôi là rất hiệu quả trong việc đánh giá tính ngẫu nhiên cho các bộ tạo số giả ngẫu nhiên.
Abstract—Randomness tests related to overlapping template matching have been proposed in NIST SP 800-22 [1], however the probabilities in these tests are only valid for specific samples and should be recalculated for other samples. In [2], the authors proposed new template matching tests for all 4-bit templates. The new tests can be applied to any sequence of minimum length of 5504 bits whereas the overlapping template matching test in the NIST test suite can only be applied to sequences of minimum length of 106 bits. In this paper, we have modified and proposed new 4-bit template matching tests that can be applied to any sequence of minimum length 3726 bits. Furthermore, we proposed three new 5-bit template matching tests. Our theoretical and practical results show that our new proposed tests are very efficient in psedorandom number generator testing.