bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insulin-like growth factor-1 and growth in infants 0-6 months of age
Authors: Mexitalia Maria , Pardede Bob Kevin , Utari Agustini , Mexitalia Maria
Published: April 2021

Background During infancy, growth is affected by many factors, including hormones. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a hormone with an important role in regulating somatic growth and organ development.

Objective To analyze for possible correlations between IGF-1 levels and infant growth from 0-6 months of age.

Methods A prospective study was conducted on 38 infants from birth to 6 months of age. Inclusion criteria were full-term newborns with normal birth weight and singleton birth. Serum IGF-1 was measured twice, from umbilical cord blood at birth and at 6 months of age. Anthropometric measurements were made every three months. Paired T-test was used to analyze mean IGF-1 among time points, and Pearson’s correlation test was used to analyze IGF-1 levels and growth.

Results Mean IGF-1 level decreased from birth to 6 months of age (89.6 ng/mL vs. 48.3 ng/mL, respectively; P<0.001). Delta IGF-1 had positive significant correlations with delta weight at 3 months (r=0.347; P=0.033) and 6 months (r=0.386; P=0.017), as well as delta head circumference at 3 months (r= 0.356; P=0.028) and 6 months (r=0.357; P=0.028). However, there were significant negative correlations between umbilical cord IGF-1 with delta body weight (r= −0.459; P=0.004) and delta length at 6 months (r= −0.414; P=0.010).

Conclusions.  There iss a decrease in IGF-1 levels at the first 6 months of life. Umbilical cord IGF-1 level has negative correlations with the weight and length increment at the age of 6 months.
Die Staufer in der populären Geschichtskultur
Authors: Luhmann Isabelle
Published: April 2021

Die Erinnerungen an die Staufer sind für die deutschsprachige Geschichtskultur bis 1945 gut untersucht. Jüngste Erzählungen sind bislang in der Forschung jedoch nicht thematisiert worden. Am Beispiel von Stauferstädten und den zwei großen Stauferausstellungen - 1977 in Stuttgart und 2010/11 in Mannheim - untersucht Isabelle Luhmann, wie die Staufer ab den 1970er Jahren bis in die Gegenwart auf verschiedenen räumlichen Erinnerungsebenen und in unterschiedlichen Medien der Populärkultur thematisiert wurden. Sie legt dar, welche geschichtskulturellen Funktionen diese Darstellungen erfüllten, und liefert damit ein Panorama der jüngsten Stauferrezeption.
Sampled and discretized of short-time Fourier transform and non-negative matrix factorization: the single-channel source separation case
Authors: Hendry Jans , Rifai Isnan Nur , Mileniandi Yoga
Published: April 2021

The Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is a popular time-frequency representation in many source separation problems. In this work, the sampled and discretized version of Discrete Gabor Transform (DGT) is proposed to replace STFT within the single-channel source separation problem of the Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) framework. The result shows that NMF-DGT is better than NMF-STFT according to Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR), Signal-to-Artifact Ratio (SAR), and Signal-to-Distortion Ratio (SDR). In the supervised scheme, NMF-DGT has a SIR of 18.60 dB compared to 16.24 dB in NMF-STFT, SAR of 13.77 dB to 13.69 dB, and SDR of 12.45 dB to 11.16 dB. In the unsupervised scheme, NMF-DGT has a SIR of 0.40 dB compared to 0.27 dB by NMF-STFT, SAR of -10.21 dB to -10.36 dB, and SDR of -15.01 dB to -15.23 dB.
Prenatal diagnosis and management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: Single center results
Authors: PURUT Yunus Emre
Published: April 2021

Objective: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is the most common reason for neonatal deaths among congenital heart defects. Numerous studies showed that pre- natal diagnosis improves prognosis. We aimed to review the prenatal assessment of associated extracardiac anomalies, postnatal outcomes, and surgical management in cases of HLHS that were detected in our center. Material and Methods: The records of patients diagnosed with HLHS evaluated be- tween March 2017 and April 2020. A detailed anatomy scan was performed, and karyotype analysis was recommended to all patients. Due to poor perinatal prognosis, termination of pregnancy (TOP) was offered an option to families. Serial ultrasono- graphic examinations every 2–4 weeks. Postnatal echocardiography was performed, and the prenatal diagnosis was confirmed in all offspring. Surgical outcomes were recorded. Results: Sixteen patients were recruited in our study. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 20.2±5.1 weeks. About 68.7% of cases were defined as classical type HLHS, and the remaining 31.3% were determined as variant type HLHS. TOP was performed in 9 (56.7%) patients. The mean follow-up interval was 16.4±4.7 months. Urge septostomy was performed in 2 (28.5%) cases after birth due to foramen ovale restriction. Three (42.8%) cases died before the first operation. Norwood procedure was performed in 4 (57.1%) cases. Two cases died after this operation. Glenn shunt and Fontan procedure were performed in the remaining two offspring. The total sur- vival rate was 28.5%. Conclusion: HLHS has high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Prenatal diagnosis allows the family for the fate of pregnancy and planned delivery in a tertiary center.
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Birth Experiences Questionnaire
Authors: BAYRI BİNGÖL Fadime
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Birth Experiences Questionnaire. Material and Methods: This methodological study was carried out with 110 couple who were admitted to a in Istanbul between January and December 2019. This re- search is a methodological study. This study was conducted with 110 couple who gave birth in a public hospital in Istanbul between January and December 2019. The data of the study were obtained using Personal Information Form and Turkish version of Birth Experiences Questionnaire. Birth Experiences Questionnaire measurements were tested with validity and reliability analyzes. For this purpose, validity analysis of data; scope validity index, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability analysis; Pearson moment product correlation and Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient tests were used. In the evaluation of data, t-test, correlation anal- ysis, Cronbach α analysis, and CFA were used. Results: It is a 10-item self-rating scale. To assess the consistency of the question- naire overtime, test-retest measurement was performed with an interval of 1 day. As a result, no difference was found between the mean scores (p>0.05). In the analysis conducted for the internal consistency in the reliability study of the Birth Experiences Questionnaire, the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient all scales was determined for all scales as ∝=0.78 for mothers and ∝=0.86 for fathers. Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that the Turkish version of the scale was valid and reliable.
Oxonol dyes
Authors: Mustroph Heinz
Published: April 2021

Oxonol dyes are classified as anionic polymethine dyes, which cover a wide variety of structural types. The name of the class originates from the oxygen atoms which terminate each end of the polymethine chains that form the backbone of their structure. In technically useful dyes, these oxygen atoms tend to be substituents of heterocycles. The main technical application of water soluble oxonol dyes was in silver halide photography as filter dyes and antihalation dyes. Lipophilic oxonol dyes are used in bio-analysis and medical diagnostics to stain cells, bacteria or liposomes for example. Their main bioanalytical usage is in the determination of membrane potentials in eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic bacteria.
Preparation of Titanium-Aluminum-Carbon MAX Phase via a Simple Precursor Route for High-Temperature Coating Applications
Authors: Sreejith K. J. , Vijay Vipin , Jayalatha T.
Published: April 2021

MAX phase materials are gaining increased research interest because of the unique combination of metallic and ceramic properties. For high-temperature applications, titanium-aluminum-carbon (MAX) phases are extensively investigated. In order to utilize these MAX phase materials as coatings for high-temperature space applications, a pressureless preparation route employing a polymer-based precursor would be advantageous. A cost-effective, pressureless synthetic route using a carbonaceous polymer-based slurry was explored to obtain titanium-alumnium-carbon MAX phase. In continuation of our earlier report on the preliminary investigations on a precursor system, in the present study, an investigation on the effect of (i) heat treatment duration and (ii) nucleating filler on the formation of titanium-aluminum-carbon MAX phase from the precursor was carried out.
Received Social Support and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in New Zealand and Philippine Emergency Responders
Authors: Guilaran Johnrev , De Terte Ian , Kaniasty Krzysztof , Stephens Christine
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Emergency responders are at risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). This study investigates the relationship between the different components of received social support (RSS) and PTSS in these occupations.

Method: This cross-sectional study involved emergency responders from New Zealand and the Philippines (n=223). Participants answered an online questionnaire measuring social support and PTSS.

Results: High amount of total received support was significantly associated with lower levels of PTSS. Analyses of RSS components revealed that co-worker, emotional, and tangible support exhibited salutary main effects on PTSS. Furthermore, high amounts of RSS from supervisors were found to be associated with low levels of PTSS only among participants who reported low trauma exposure.

Discussion: Findings were congruent with the main effects model of RSS. Results also underscored the importance of investigating varied manifestations of social support as they may differentially influence the strength of effects of receiving social support by emergency responders.
Plural Valuation of Land and Insights for Achieving Sustainable Outcomes in Large-Scale Land Acquisition Projects
Authors: Nkansah-Dwamena Ernest
Published: April 2021

Large-scale land acquisition projects by foreign investors, also known as “land grabbing,” raise difficult questions about the processes of valuing land in Sub-Saharan Africa that the current literature does not sufficiently explore. Land acquisitions can help developing countries like Tanzania achieve their economic and development goals. Nonetheless, it can also threaten local livelihoods and well-being due to displacement, lack of access to natural capital, and conflicts between land users. Empirical evidence is limited on how local contexts affect the recognition and incorporation of multiple values that people hold about land into decisions on land acquisition projects in Tanzania. Plural valuation (PV) is needed to design more comprehensive and deliberative policy instruments that enhance nature’s contributions to people. This empirical study uses sociocultural valuation approaches to assess the diverse values of land in the Bagamoyo district of Tanzania, impacts of EcoEnergy land acquisition project on local livelihoods, and contextual factors that enable or hinder incorporating PV into decisions. The findings suggest that synergies and conflicting values of land exist, and PV can serve as a negotiation support tool to reconcile the differences and land conflicts. The success of PV relies on the (1) extent of partnership and participation, (2) design of asset valuation process, (3) stakeholder goals, and (4) sociopolitical context. Currently, the risks of land acquisition projects outweigh the benefits to people in rural Tanzania. However, to realize the sustainable and equitable flow of the contributions of land to Tanzanians, the government should consider improving the valuation processes by (i) fostering recognition of neglected voices and marginalized people, (ii) rectifying power imbalances and injustices that result from current land valuation processes, (iii) reinforcing customary land rights and compensation policies, and (iv) adhering to the principle of free, prior, and informed consent.
Methodological roadmap for the development of communal monitoring of microbasins. Case study: Río Frío
Authors: Contreras Gómez Alix Estela Yusara , Muller Rueda Hanz
Published: April 2021

This document generally describes relevant aspects for the establishment of community monitoring in a river basin, establishing the importance of actively including the main actors related to the water system in order to make territories and ecosystems sustainable. This work contemplates a review of community monitoring models applied to hydrographic basins at the national and international level with the objective of identifying the fundamental elements for the establishment of the route or steps for the development of community monitoring in micro-basins, taking Rio Frío as a reference. The established route starts from the formation of a team led by the community that lives in the area of direct influence of the micro-basin and other interested parties such as environmental authorities, public service operators (aqueduct and sewerage), academic community (experts), and environmental organizations, who will be in charge of building the ecosystem context, identifying problems, planning and executing monitoring and managing the knowledge acquired to achieve sanitation and sustainability of the resource.
Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative: A Three-Year Pilot Study Research Monograph
Authors: Olsen Laurie , Lindholm-Leary Kathryn , Lavadenz Magaly , Armas Elvira , Dell'Olio Franca
Published: April 2021

The Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative Research Monograph is comprised of four sub-studies that took place between 2006 and 2009 to examine the effectiveness of the PROMISE Initiative across six implementing counties. Beginning in 2002, the superintendents of the six Southern California County Offices of Education collaborated to examine the pattern of the alarmingly low academic performance of English learners (EL) across Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, San Diego, Riverside, and Ventura. Together, these six counties serve over one million EL students, more than 66% of the total EL population in the state of California, and close to 20% of the EL population in the nation. Data were compiled for the six counties, research on effective programs for ELs was shared, and a common vision for the success of ELs began to emerge. Out of this effort, the PROMISE Initiative was created to uphold a critical vision that ensured that ELs achieved and sustained high levels of proficiency, high levels of academic achievement, sociocultural and multicultural competency, preparation for successful transition to higher education, successful preparation as a 21st century global citizen, and high levels of motivation, confidence, and self-assurance. This report is organized into six chapters: an introductory chapter, four chapters of related studies, and a summary chapter. The four studies were framed around four areas of inquiry: 1) What is the PROMISE model? 2) What does classroom implementation of the PROMISE model look like? 3) What leadership skills do principals at PROMISE schools need to lead transformative education for ELs? 4) What impact did PROMISE have on student learning and participation? Key findings indicate that the PROMISE Initiative: • resulted in positive change for ELs at all levels including achievement gains and narrowing of the gap between ELs and non-ELs • increased use of research-based classroom practices • refined and strengthened plans for ELs at the district-level, and • demonstrated potential to enable infrastructure, partnerships, and communities of practice within and across the six school districts involved. The final chapter of the report provides implications for school reform for improving EL outcomes including bolstering EL expertise in school reform efforts, implementing sustained and in-depth professional development, monitoring and supporting long-term reform efforts, and establishing partnerships and networks to develop, research and disseminate efforts.
A Contextual Reading of Ethiopian Crosses through Form and Ritual
Authors: Gnisci Jacopo
Published: April 2021

Maria Evangelatou’s book promises to explore new research questions and challenge Eurocentric approaches to Ethiopian crosses by presenting an analysis of their use and significance among the Christian orthodox population of Ethiopia. Unfortunately, the study fails to deliver on this promise due to a lack of direct engagement with Ethiopian voices and the relevant literature, and a reliance on publications that focus on noncontemporary or non-Ethiopian contexts. This lack of engagement with Christian Ethiopians leads to significant misinterpretations. Moreover, by adopting an approach to Ethiopian sources that fails to recognize the existence of significant shifts within the Ethiopian literary tradition, the author flattens Ethiopia’s historical dimension, and thus unintentionally reproduces the kind of Eurocentric representation of the country that she set out to challenge.
Silvia Bruzzi, Islam and Gender in Colonial Northeast Africa: Sittī ʿAlawiyya, the Uncrowned Queen
Authors: Zaccaria Massimo
Published: April 2021

Book Review
Mostafa Minawi, The Ottoman Scramble for Africa: Empire and Diplomacy in the Sahara and the Hijaz
Authors: Camilleri Nicola
Published: April 2021

Book Review
The monastic genealogy of Hoḫʷärwa monastery – a unique witness of Betä Ǝsraʾel historiography
Authors: Dege-Müller Sophia
Published: April 2021

During the course of a study of the manuscript tradition of the Betä Ǝsraʾel (Ethiopian Jews), the manuscript Jerusalem, National Library, Ms. Or. 87 came to light. This codex is a unique manuscript with several important elements that contribute to our knowledge of the history of the Betä Ǝsraʾel. Its by far most important feature are two short additional notes that I have come to call the Hoḫwärwa genealogy. This genealogy is the second piece of original pre-twentieth century Betä Ǝsraʾel historiography ever discovered, next to the text published by Leslau in 1946-47 as ‘A Falasha Religious Dispute.’ Taking the manuscript as a starting point, this article aims to cover topics such as the Betä Ǝsraʾel scribal tradition and aspects of their literature, their monasticism, the history of Hoḫwärwa monastery, and the history of the manuscript itself.
James C. VanderKam, Jubilees 1: A Commentary on the Book of Jubilees, Chapters 1–21; Jubilees 2: A Commentary on the Book of Jubilees, Chapters 22–50
Authors: Knibb Michael
Published: April 2021

Book Review
In memoriam Rochus Zuurmond (1930–2020)
Authors: Uhlig Siegbert
Published: April 2021

Obituary
Medium-sized and large mammals of the pine-oak forests and grasslands of the Rancho Experimental Teseachi in Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: Álvarez-Córdova Fernando , Fernández Jesús A.
Published: April 2021

We document the taxonomic diversity of medium-sized and large mammals present in Rancho Experimental Teseachi, a teaching and research facility of the Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua located in the northwestern part of Chihuahua, Mexico. Monthly samplings were made with lineal transects of 5 km in two habitats, open grassland and pine-oak forest, where camera-traps and scent-stations were placed, and tracks were searched. Sixteen species of medium-sized and large mammals were recorded in the area, representing 12.03% of the state’s diversity. The greatest diversity was found in the pine-oak forest. Implementing three different sampling techniques at the same time allows the documentation of mammal diversity more efficiently than using only one or two sampling techniques.
Resumen en extenso: Efectos de la inclusión de alverjón (Vicia narbonensis) en las dietas de la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss): hacia una acuicultura más sostenible
Authors: Coloquio de Nutrigenómica y Biotecnología Acuícola CONYBA
Published: April 2021

Memorias del 3er Coloquio de Nutrigenómica y Biotecnología Acuícola 2020
Resumen en extenso: Acuicultura Integrada Multi-Trófica (IMTA) y sus desafíos para el secuestro de carbono y biomitigación de procesos de eutrofización costera
Authors: Coloquio de Nutrigenómica y Biotecnología Acuícola CONYBA
Published: April 2021

Memorias del 3er Coloquio de Nutrigenómica y Biotecnología Acuícola 2020 (CONYBA)
Resumen en extenso: Efecto de diferentes niveles de aceite de pescado sobre el comportamiento reproductivo del pez payaso tomate Amphiprion frenatus
Authors: Coloquio de Nutrigenómica y Biotecnología Acuícola CONYBA
Published: April 2021

Memorias del 3er Coloquio de Nutrigenómica y Biotecnología Acuícola 2020 (CONYBA)
Functional Features of Onomastic Units in the Military Discourse of the Donbass Conflict
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Amirov Valery A.
Published: April 2021

The article explores the modalities and features of onomastic units in the media coverage of the Eastern Ukraine military conflict in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions. Based on large empirical data of printed and online publications in Russian and Ukrainian media reporting on the hostilities in Donbass extensively for several years, the author has collected, classified, and analyzed the corpus of onomastic units of the military media discourse. These include place names, such as Donetsk People’s Republic (DPR), Luhansk People’s Republic (LPR), Luganda, Donbabwe, Debaltsevo pocket, Ilovaysk pocket, ORDLO (“separate districts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions”), Novorossiya, “Odessa Khatyn,” as well as the nicknames of field commanders that have become deeply associated with the conflict — Motorola, Bes, Givi. The study examines functional aspects of proper names usage in the media, and their role in shaping a general picture of the Donbass armed conflict for the readers. A special emphasis is made on the weight of onomastic units (militaronyms, toponyms, and anthroponyms) as constructive elements of the military discourse in Eastern Ukraine. In this regard, the presented analysis and its results can contribute to further studies of the media discourse related to armed conflicts of various etiologies and intensities.
Determination of Phenolic Compounds, Organic Volatile Molecules and Anti-Cancer Properties in Inula Viscosa L., Viscum Album L. and Raphanus Sativus L.
Authors: DİLEK TEPE Hafize , UĞURLU Aslı , YAZGAN İdris
Published: April 2021

The plants elecampane (Inula Viscosa L.), mistel (Viscum album L.) and black radish seed (Raphanus Sativus L.) have been used in the treatment of common diseases worldwide as part of traditional medicine for many years. Especially in Turkey, elecampane plant is commonly used as remedy of cancer. In this study, phytochemical components of these three plants were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer techniques. Antioxidant activity of the characterized extracts were evaluated using DPPH assay, followed by biological properties were studied using MDA-MB-231 breast cancer line. Differences in the chemical compositions of the extracts resulted in alteration in antioxidant potentials, where elecampane gave the highest antioxidant activity while black radish seed extracts did not provide any meaningful results within the test period. Cytotoxicity studies showed that chemical composition is of the most prominent factor that defined the IC50 value of each extract, where pro-oxidant and antioxidant affects were observed in relation to presence of flavonoids. Mistel extract was further tested for wound healing and apoptosis tests, and the extract was obtained as a trigger for both apoptosis and wound-healing. The findings can be a basis for refinement as fractionation of the mistel and elecampane extracts so as to obtain the best mixture that can serve as strong anticancer agent mixture.
Маркеры дифференциации спонтанной и подготовленной звучащей речи
Authors: Исаева А. А.
Published: April 2021

Выявление факта спонтанности или подготовленности устного высказывания или письменного текста имеет большое теоретическое и практическое значение для решения широкого круга проблем, связанных с применением современных речевых технологий в различных сферах человеческой деятельности. Специалисты выделяют ряд признаков, свойственных собственно устной или письменной формам речи. Однако в отечественной практике производства фоноскопических и автороведческих экспертиз явно обозначились пограничные проблемы исследования речи, затрудняющие отнесение записанного текста к письменной или устной спонтанной или подготовленной речи. Для решения обозначенной проблемы был проведен психолингвистический эксперимент с привлечением аудиторов – носителей русского языка, владеющих английским языком на уровне С1–С2. Исследование проводилось на материале спонтанной и подготовленной звучащей речи на русском и английском языках. Исследуемые образцы принадлежали к различным функциональным стилям: литературная речь, реализующаяся в ситуации официального общения (устная публичная речь); литературная речь, реализующаяся в ситуации неофициального общения (разговорная обиходно-бытовая устная); нелитературная речь, особенности которой не являются территориально закрепленными. Изучались фрагменты репортажей, выпусков новостей, лекций, спонтанные выступления по различным вопросам – политика, спорт, экономика, экология и т. д. В результате удалось выявить квантитативные и квалитативные перцептивные признаки на уровне темпа речи и паузации, которые позволяли на начальном этапе дифференцировать образцы подготовленной и спонтанной речи на русском и английском языках. Материалы и результаты, полученные в ходе проведенного исследования, могут иметь практическую значимость при преподавании практики иностранных языков, риторики, судебной лингвистики, а также применяться при проведении лингвистических, автороведческих и фоноскопических экспертиз.
Аттрактивная функция метафоры в современном англоязычном и русскоязычном финансовом дискурсе
Authors: Апресян К. Г.
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена сопоставительному анализу метафорических высказываний в англоязычном и русскоязычном финансовом дискурсе. Экономика и финансы, будучи взаимосвязаны, разделяют информацию, при этом финансовый дискурс, содержащий сведения о потоке денежных средств, финансовых рынках, доходах, налогах и кредитах, формируется в рамках экономического дискурса. Для концептуализации событий в мире финансов как экономической категории, выражающей существующие в обществе отношения и объединяющей все экономические связи, возникающие в процессе зарождения, распределения, перераспределения и применения денежных потоков, употребляются метафорические выражения, что объясняется стремлением автора дать оценку финансового положения в социуме не при помощи «сухой информации» с обилием цифр, а в образных выражениях. Установлено, что в исследуемых текстах широко используются концептуальные метафоры со сферой-источником «Мир животных». В статье отдельно анализируются фреймы «Птицы» и «Хищники», основанные на метафорическом переносе, свойстве ассоциативности метафоры. Метафоризация финансового дискурса выполняет аттрактивную функцию, привлекая внимание читателей экспрессивностью описываемых событий, проблем в современной экономике. Метафоры, построенные на основе ядра «Мир животных», в яркой форме раскрывают процессы, происходящие в современной финансовой системе, способствуют реализации авторской интенции. В статье представлены характеристики выявленных метафор как ассоциативного механизма для передачи образов политических деятелей, предпринимателей и экономистов, участников финансового дискурса, и осуществления ими денежно-кредитной политики. Проведенное исследование на примере англоязычного и русскоязычного дискурсов позволило подтвердить положение о фундаментальности и универсальности метафоры, проявляющейся в структуре различных языков.
Интеграция как фактор динамичности системы французского языка
Authors: Нечаева Н. А.
Published: April 2021

В статье анализируются процессы интеграции во французском языке (на примере языка экономики). В основе данных процессов лежит взаимодействие и синхронная активизация разных концептов. Для понимания механизма интеграционных процессов необходимо обращение к семантической структуре языковой единицы, представляющей собой совокупность ее лексических значений. Значение языковой единицы структурировано по по́левому принципу, а формирующие его компоненты образуют иерархию по яркости. Динамические процессы в семантической структуре единицы – актуализация или нейтрализация – обеспечивают мобильность языковой единицы, ее возможность создавать и реализовать определенное количество смыслов в зависимости от коммуникативной задачи. В процессе интеграции взаимодействие компонентов в определенной комбинации позволяет создавать интегративные варианты. В результате этих процессов появляются новые смыслы, которые вербализуются определенной языковой единицей и фиксируются контекстом. Процессы интеграции обусловлены реакциями связей в семантической структуре языковой единицы, позволяющими компонентам единицы языка взаимодействовать с другими в пределах одного языкового уровня. Основные силы, действующие в семантической структуре языковой единицы, определяются в работе как семантическое притяжение и семантическое отталкивание. Процессы языковой интеграции достаточно сложны, они проходят условно несколько этапов. Подобные процессы могут иметь место как между компонентами внутри семантического поля языковой единицы, данный процесс обозначается как внутрипо́левая интеграция, так и между компонентами семантических полей двух и более единиц, этот процесс характеризуется как межпо́левая интеграция. Суть данных процессов заключается в постоянном стремлении компонентов к созданию такой комбинации, которая ведет к конечной семантической величине на данном историческом этапе развития языка.
Аттрактивные связи маркем в романе В. В. Набокова «Машенька» и их визуализация
Authors: Грачева Ж. В.
Published: April 2021

В статье рассматривается один из современных методов выявления ключевых слов текста – квантитативный маркемный анализ, произведенный на материале романа В. В. Набокова «Машенька» с помощью полученных в результате применения компьютерной программы (ПроТемАЛ) количественных данных, а также лемматизации слов в автоматическом режиме с помощью программы ADD-2. На основе ИнТема и дистрибутивного анализа выделяются 50 маркем романа В. В. Набокова «Машенька», при этом учитываются контекстуальные значения и ассоциативные коннотации слов. Для проведения маркемно-семантического анализа с помощью программы «Const_2018_v3» выявляется аттрактивность маркем (их способность «притягивать» друг друга в тексте), создается таблица аттрактивных пар, на основе которой строится граф, визуализирующий аттрактивные связи маркем в романе «Машенька» с помощью сортировки маркем в порядке убывания значений КоКона. На основе графа делается вывод о существовании в романе двух смысловых центров: «Прохлада», который ассоциативно отсылает к ощущению «прохладной дымки» происходящего, и «Снег», соотносящегося со временем «снежного» петербургского периода любви и с Россией.
Смысловые составляющие российских законов в аспекте перевода
Authors: Борисова Л. А.
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена вопросу перевода российского федерального законодательства на английский язык. Специфика перевода подобных текстов определяется целью перевода – информированием, а не нормативным регулированием как основной функцией любого закона. Цель исследования – установить, насколько единообразны переводческие решения в отношении типовых формулировок российских законов, и, в случае вариативности, проанализировать адекватность конкретных переводческих решений, их уместность с точки зрения содержания и стиля. Материалом исследования выступают десять федеральных законов Российской Федерации и их переводы на английский язык, представленные на сайтах о законодательстве стран мира и англоязычных версиях сайтов Центробанка и Центризбиркома. Основным методом исследования является сопоставительный метод, также используется метод контекстуального анализа и анализа словарных дефиниций. Композиция любого законодательного текста включает набор определенных элементов – смысловых составляющих вводной, основной и заключительной частей закона. К числу составляющих вводной части относятся положения о целях и сфере действия закона, предмете регулирования, основных понятиях, используемых в законе. Заключительная часть содержит положения о вступлении закона в силу и об изменении действующих правовых норм, в том числе об отмене. Формулировки этих положений на русском языке не отличаются универсальностью. Тем более многообразие присуще и переводческим решениям. В ряде случаев переводчик прибегает к калькированию, что может объясняться установкой на передачу специфики языкового оформления русскоязычного текста. С другой стороны, многие переводческие решения приняты с учетом жанрово-стилистических конвенций в английском языке. Наблюдаются различия в переводе общеправовой терминологии. Например, для термина «сфера действия» переводными эквивалентами могут выступать «scope», «sphere of application», «sphere of action»; для «понятия» – «definitions», «notions», «concepts» и т. п. Положения, которые по-русски формулируются с использованием глагола в настоящем времени, на английский могут передаваться с использованием глагола в Present Simple или через сочетание инфинитива с модальным глаголом shall. Вариативность переводческих решений, безусловно, допустима, однако приоритетными для переводчика должны оставаться цель перевода, коммуникативная ситуация, учет получателя перевода и установка заказчика, например, требуется ли подчеркнуть лингвистическую специфику оригинального текста, необходимо ли отразить особенности законодательной техники и др.
Cultivation of Students’ Autonomous Learning Ability in Application-oriented Universities
Authors: Lou Lingling
Published: April 2021

In the knowledge society nowadays, the responsibility of education is not only to impart knowledge to students but also to enable students to have the ability of autonomous learning. Autonomous learning ability is the foundation of all kinds of abilities. Improving college students’ autonomous learning ability plays an important role in cultivating high-quality talents and realizing their all-around development. Based on a brief introduction of the connotation of autonomous learning, this paper starts by discussing the necessity of cultivating college students’ autonomous learning ability. Then, combined with the questionnaire survey, the paper analyzes the current status of students’ autonomous learning ability in application-oriented universities, discusses the deep-seated reasons for undergraduates’ lack of autonomous learning ability, and puts forward some countermeasures to cultivate college students’ autonomous learning ability.
Electoral Defeat, Conversational Practices of Blame and Avoidance of Responsibility in Nigerian Media Political Discourses
Authors: Krisagbedo E. C. , Agbedo C. U. , Abubakar A. K. , Ibrahim Y.
Published: April 2021

This paper addresses electoral defeat suffered by the Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) at the 2015 presidential polls and the communicative character of blame and avoidance of responsibility as evident in the Nigerian media political discourses. Discourse analysts are yet to study the linguistic aspects of blame and avoidance of responsibility in great details. This work is intended as a contribution towards filling this lacuna in knowledge by examining the conversational discursive practices adopted by Nigerian politicians in the circumstances of blame risk to achieve the twin goals of positive self-presentation and consolidation of political capital (Hansson, 2015). Some PDP members enlisted the discursive strategies of blame avoidance, in which blames and denials are carefully and strategically planned to serve positive self-representation (semantic macro-strategy of in-group favouritism) and negative other-representation, that is, semantic macro-strategy of derogation of out-group, (https://www.hse.ru/en/). We illustrate the linguistic mechanism of blame and avoidance of responsibility and how it thrives as a dominant recurrent theme in conflict talk and public communication discourses. The findings tend to enrich and enliven the literature on discourse studies and by extension open fresh vistas of critical research into language use in politics.
Influência da Autoestima e Relação Orientador-Orientando nos Sintomas da Síndrome de Burnout: Evidências da pós-graduação stricto sensu em contabilidade no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Martins Vinicius Abilio , Da Silva Sheila , Pereida da Luz Igor
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a influência da autoestima e relação orientador-orientando nos sintomas da Síndrome de Burnout em estudantes de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Contabilidade no Brasil.Método: O estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, caracterizado como pesquisa de levantamento, tipo survey. foram utilizadas: a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (1965); a escala MBI-HSS para a análise da existência de traços da Síndrome de Burnout; e a escala para avaliar as percepções de boa relação orientador-orientado desenvolvida por Silva e Vieira (2015). A população selecionada foram os acadêmicos (mestrandos e doutorandos) de pós-graduação stricto sensu na área de Ciências Contábeis no Brasil e a amostra final é composta de 141 respostas válidas. Para a análise de dados foi utilizada a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais.Resultados: Os resultados apontam para uma influência negativa da percepção de autoestima nos sintomas da Síndrome de Burnout. Aponta-se com isso para a importância da autoestima na condução das adversidades apresentadas pelas demandas da pós graduação. Contudo, não foi encontrada influência significativa da acessibilidade e boa relação com o orientador nos sintomas da Síndrome de Burnout.Contribuições: Como contribuições, o estudo apresenta um panorama, sobre a percepção dos acadêmicos sobre sua autoestima, relação com o orientador e os sintomas da Síndrome de Burnout, temas com pouca evidência nos programas de pós-graduação em contabilidade nacional.
Estimation of physiological parameters on high density plantations and population arrangements of Musa AAA Simmonds
Authors: Barrera-Violeth José Luis , Cartagena-Valenzuela José Régulo , Nanclares-Gómez Omar Alonso
Published: April 2021

In Uraba, Antioquia (Colombia), there is a shortage of first-semester fruits and a surplus of second-semester fruits as a result of low or high precipitation, respectively, affecting the value of production. An experiment was established during 2015-2016 in an area representative of the region in order to determine the field distribution and plantation density that maximize the agronomic potential of Musa AAA Simmonds cv. Williams. The population arrangement treatments (rectangle, triangle and double row), planting densities (2,000; 2,500, 3,000 and 3,500 plants/ha) and one control (1,700 plants/ha in a triangle) were evaluated in a complete, random block design with three repetitions. In the phenological phases of floral differentiation, flowering and harvest, the gas exchange was quantified with measurements of the photosynthesis rate, internal CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, transpiration, vapor pressure deficit, and water use efficiency. The leaf temperature, quantum photosynthesis efficiency and efficient use of radiation were also considered. The yield components and fruit quality were estimated with fruit mass, number of hands, number of fruits, length of the last hand and degree of the second and last hand. The results showed that the density 2,500 plants/ha, distributed in a triangle or double row, promoted the best use of the climate elements associated with photosynthetic activity under the environmental conditions of Uraba, Antioquia.
Effects of nitrogen fertilization on growth and yield of diterpene glycosides in stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)
Authors: Debarba Romulo Joao , Deschamps Cícero , Kanis Luiz Alberto , Moterle Diego , Rampelotti Marcio
Published: April 2021

The effects of different nitrogen doses on dry weight yield, stevioside and rebaudioside A contents, and yields were evaluated in stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). This study was carried out at the Instituto Federal Catarinense, Rio do Sul (SC), Brazil, under decreasing photoperiods. A randomized complete block design with four blocks and five treatments (0, 65, 135, 200 and 270 kg ha-1 N) was used. Variables related to dry weight yield (total dry weight, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, number of secondary branches and tertiary branches, and main stem length), growth rates (total leaf area, leaf area index, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, leaf weight ratio), and stevioside and rebaudioside A contents and yields were evaluated. The doses of nitrogen fertilization did not affect the variables related to dry weight yield, stevioside and rebaudioside A contents and yields, or rebaudioside A:stevioside ratio in stevia genotype 8 (G8), grown under decreasing photoperiods.
Phenology growth and yield of grafted tomato plants in the high Andean region of Colombia
Authors: Ramírez-Jiménez Jamer Alexis , Hoyos-Carvajal Lilliana María , Córdoba-Gaona Oscar De Jesús
Published: April 2021

The BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie) scale is a system that helps producers monitor phenology by employing a uniform methodology across different locations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different scion×rootstock combinations on tomato yield and accumulated degree days for each tomato phenological stage. A randomized block design with four repetitions and four treatments was used. Tomato cv. Libertador seedlings were used as a shoot, self-grafted, and over the rootstocks ‘Olimpo’ and ‘Armada’. In addition, there was a non-grafted plant control. There were no significant differences for the accumulated degree days between the treatments since the tomato cultivation required 2,567°Cd-1. The variables, such as plant height, internode number and length, and number of flowers, did not vary significantly between the grafting and non-grafting treatments. The tomato plants grafted over a vigor rootstock produced 39.4 and 20.6% more first category fruits and total fruit yield than non-grafted ones. The heat units necessary to complete the tomato production cycle was not affected by the grafting, and the use of a vigor rootstock had a positive effect on the tomato yield under plastic house conditions.
Morphometry, viability and germination of seeds of Benincasa hispida [(Thunb.) Cogn.]
Authors: Esptia-Camacho Miguel , Villalba-Soto Alisson , Aramédiz-Tatis Hermes , Cardona-Ayala Carlos
Published: April 2021

The objective of the study was to evaluate the morphometry, viability and germination of B. hispida seeds, at the Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia. Eight biometric characteristics were measured in a sample of seeds taken at random from a balanced compound originating from 50 fruits. The external and internal morphological description was made on a sample of 10 seeds. Seed viability was estimated by the tetrazolium test, using the combination of two staining times (2 and 3 hours) and three concentrations of (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%), under a design completely randomized, with six treatments and four repetitions of 50 seeds. The germination test (PRUGER) was performed in a mesh house with four repetitions of 50 seeds to estimate eight physiological parameters of germination. The morpho-metric characteristics of thickness, length and width of seeds showed reduced phenotypic variation, compared with the weight, density and volume of a seed, with variation coefficients greater than 11.7%. The seed, ovoid and flattened, presents an embryo with its cotyledons wrapped in a protective membrane. The viability, determined with tetrazolium, was 89.5-96.5%, while the PRUGER was 100%, with no statistical differences between them (P≥0.05). The combination of 0.5% tetrazolium with 2 hours is sufficient to determine the viability of the seed. Germination elapsed from 6 to 19 days after sowing, with a germination speed index of 0.22, average daily germination of 5.26%, peak value of 5.33 and germination value of 28.
Desafios e oportunidades do turismo na Área de Proteção Ambiental Bonfim-Guaraíra (RN): concepções de análise a partir do conselho gestor
Authors: Fonseca Itamara Lúcia da , Nóbrega Wilker Ricardo De Mendonça
Published: April 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar as potencialidades e desafios de planejamento do turismo na Área de Proteção Ambiental Bonfim Guaraíra – APABG (Estado do Rio Grande do Norte), sob a ótica do conselho gestor. A metodologia utilizada foi do tipo exploratória descritiva e abordagem qualitativa, em que a técnica de coleta de dados se estruturou por meio de entrevistas com roteiros semi-estruturados. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que apesar dos elementos potenciais de desenvolvimento do turismo na APABG, os entraves existentes se sobressaem e complexificam o alcance do planejamento orientado do turismo, tendo na ausência de articulação de diferentes stakeholders, uma das principais causas limitantes no avanço propositivo socioambiental e turístico da área.
Diversity of VCP-related phenotypes: case report and literature review
Authors: Rudenskaya G. E. , Mironovich O. L. , Murtazina A. F. , Shchagina O. A.
Published: April 2021

Background.GeneVCPencoding multifunctional protein valosin produces a number of rare autosomal dominant late-onset disorders with multiple symptoms (muscular dystrophy with inclusion bodies in part of cases, Paget disease of bone, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and few others) in different combinations often varying in one family. Rare unusual phenotypes are difficult for recognition. Molecular methods facilitate diagnostics.Objective:to describe first RussianVCP-related familial case detected by exome sequencing and present a review on poorly known disorder.Materials and methods.In a Russian family with 4 patients in 2 generations 6 persons were examined: 2 patients, 3 clinically unaffected possible heterozygous carriers and patient’s mother with no genetic risk; medical information was received about two deceased patients. Methods: clinical and genealogical; biochemical: blood creatine kinase, alpha-glucosidase; molecular: clinical exome sequencing, Sanger familial sequencing, bioinformatical analysis.Results.In 48-year-old proband and 50-year-old brother whose former diagnosis was hereditary neuropathy proximal muscular dystrophy with onset in 43–45 years, rapid progression and moderately raised creatine kinase (341–572 U/l) was found out. Since 45 years the proband also had Paget disease. Both brothers had no evident dementia (neuropsychological examination was not performed). The younger brother since 32 years suffered typical amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, evidently combined with dementia, he died in 43 years being severely disabled; brain is not described in autopsy record. The father had rapidly progressing walking difficulties since 40 years without mental, speech or swallowing disturbances; he was never examined and died in 48 years of heart disease (?). Clinical exome sequencing in the proband detected inVCPexon 5 one of common mutations с.463С>T (p.Arg155Cys) in heterozygous state. Familial Sanger sequencing found out the mutation in him, in the brother and in clinically unaffected 36-year-old sister, 22-year-old daughter and 15-year old son, thus diagnosing preclinical stage of the disease.Conclusions. The case illustrates diversity ofVCP-related disorders and necessity to take into consideration all phenotype spectrum. DNA-confirmed diagnosis permits genetic counseling.