bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fathers, sons, and monsters: Rousseau, Blake, and Mary Shelley
Authors: Schouten de Jel Joshua
Published: July 2019

Through their reading of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, William Blake, and Mary Shelley arrive at a similar formula for their respective texts: the mismanagement, neglect, and eventual abandonment of children by their fathers catalyses the development of monstrous progeny in Shelley’sFrankenstein(1818/31), Blake’sTiriel(1789),The Book of Urizen(1794), andThe Four Zoas(1795–1804). In particular, both Blake and Shelley pick up on Rousseau’s concerns about the mishandling of children’s bodies as part of contemporary nursing practices inÉmile, as well as the way in which the vision of a self-led educational programme is continually undermined by the fear of pedagogical mismanagement. While Blake and Shelley are rarely brought together in critical discussions, this paper, by looking specifically at the physical and psychological formation of children within the context of father–son relationships, hopes to provide an analytical key which will unlock the way both Romantic writers incorporated personal, pedagogical, and philosophical material from Rousseau in their family-orientated texts.
Viscoelastic properties of suspensions of noncolloidal hard spheres in a molten polymer
Authors: Costanzo Salvatore , Vanzanella Veronica , De Vito Benedetto , Grizzuti Nino
Published: July 2019

We report an experimental study on suspensions of solid particles in a viscoelastic polymer matrix. A commercial entangled poly(ε-caprolactone) was used as the suspending fluid. Noncolloidal solid spheres (diameter = 15 μm) made of polymethylmethacrylate were dispersed in the polymer via a solvent casting method. The volume fraction of the spheres was varied from 5% to 30%, thus allowing to explore both dilute and concentrated regimes. Electron scanning microscopy demonstrated homogeneous dispersion of the spheres in the matrix. We measured the rheological properties of the suspensions both in linear and nonlinear regimes with both dynamic and transient tests. The experimental results demonstrate the reinforcement effect of the particles. Both viscous and elastic moduli increase as the concentration of the particles is increased. The results show good agreement with available theories, simulations, and previous experimental data. In particular, the second order parameter of the quadratic equation that describes the dependence of the shear viscosity of the suspension upon the volume fraction of particles is in agreement with the predicted value found by Batchelor [G. K. Batchelor and J. T. Green, “The hydrodynamic interaction of two small freely-moving spheres in a linear flow field,” J. Fluid Mech. 56, 375–400 (1972); G. K. Batchelor and J. T. Green, “The determination of the bulk stress in a suspension of spherical particles to order c2,” J. Fluid Mech. 56, 401–427 (1972); and G. K. Batchelor, “The effect of Brownian motion on the bulk stress in a suspension of spherical particles,” J. Fluid Mech. 83, 97–117 (1977)]. We probe experimentally that the linear rheological behavior of suspensions of particles in viscoelastic fluids is the same as for Newtonian fluids.
Development of specific structures occurring from hyper-breakable vorticity
Authors: Hiejima Toshihiko
Published: July 2019

The spatial development of hyperbreakable vorticity in a supersonic coaxial flow with an annular swirl is investigated using direct numerical simulation at Mach number 1.5. The results show that the unstable modes originate from inside and outside the vortex depending on the ratio of vorticity thicknesses and then specific structures develop with small scales as distinct from conventional shear flows; furthermore, the evolutions lead to generate a number of fine scales due to the secondary instability. The mechanism is caused by the instability due to the helicity profile in addition to the barotropic instability based on the inflection point of the inner vorticity. This study strongly indicates that rapid evolutions on a plane perpendicular to the streamwise direction are insensitive to compressibility effects in supersonic flows. Therefore, the novel vorticity is found to undergo a breakdown at a short distance.
Investigation of surface reactions in metal oxide on Si for efficient heterojunction Si solar cells
Authors: Lee Yong Hwan , Song Hee-eun , Kim Ka-Hyun , Oh Jihun
Published: July 2019

Recently, the transition metal oxide thin film has been actively investigated for doping-free heterojunction Si solar cells. However, most of the research on characterizing the chemical state and work function of the metal oxide thin film has been conducted on its surface, while there has been little work on the characterization on the subsurface of the metal oxide thin film. Here, we systematically investigate the chemical state and work function of the evaporated nickel oxide (NiOx) thin film on a Si substrate as a function of the depth position. We found that the chemical state of the NiOx thin film is highly affected by the surface chemical reaction. For instance, an air-exposed NiOx surface exists more in nickel hydroxide [Ni(OH)2] than in nickel monoxide (NiO). In addition, we discern that NiOx near the Si substrate exists in nickel silicide (NiSix). The changed chemical state of the NiOx thin film creates a high variation in the work function as a function of the depth position in the range of 4.4–5.4 eV. We also investigate the heterojunction Si solar cell with the NiOx thin film. We found that the performance of the heterojunction Si solar cell was determined according to the air exposure on the NiOx thin film inducing an undesirable chemical reaction. The heterojunction Si solar cell with the air-exposed NiOx thin film shows a relatively low efficiency of 11.84% by the reduced work function of the NiOx thin film, while one with the controlled NiOx thin film exhibits an enhanced efficiency of 14.23%.
Phenomenology of droplet collision hydrodynamics on wetting and non-wetting spheres
Authors: Khurana Gargi , Sahoo Nilamani , Dhar Purbarun
Published: July 2019

In this study, the spreading characteristics of water droplets impacted on a solid spherical target have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Droplet impact and postimpact feature studies have been conducted on hydrophilic and superhydrophobic spherical surfaces. Effects of the impact Weber number and target-to-drop diameter ratio on the spreading hydrodynamics have been discussed. Postcollision dynamics are explored with side and top views of impaction phenomenon using a high speed imaging technique. The morphological outcome of this impingement process has been quantitatively discussed with three geometric parameters, namely, liquid film thickness at the north-pole of the target surface, spread factor, and the maximum spread angle. Observations revel that spread factor and the maximum spread angle increases with the decrease in the size of the spherical target, whereas opposite of this is true for liquid film thickness at the north-pole of the target surface. Temporal variations of liquid film thickness at the north pole of the target have been plotted and found in agreement with the theoretical predictions made in the earlier studies. Finally, a mathematical model based on the energy balance principle has been proposed to predict the maximum spread angle on spherical targets. The theoretical values are found in good agreement with the experimental results for a wide range of spherical diameters studied. The findings may have implications toward a better understanding of fluid wetting, spraying, and coating behavior of complex shapes and geometries.
Effective mean free path and viscosity of confined gases
Authors: Xie Jianfei , Borg Matthew K. , Gibelli Livio , Henrich Oliver , Lockerby Duncan A. , Reese Jason M.
Published: July 2019

The molecular mean free path (MFP) of gases in confined geometries is numerically evaluated by means of the direct simulation Monte Carlo method and molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show that if calculations take into account not only intermolecular interactions between gas molecules but also collisions between gas molecules and wall atoms, then a space-dependent MFP is obtained. The latter, in turn, permits one to define an effective viscosity of confined gases that also varies spatially. Both the gas MFP and viscosity variation in surface-confined systems have been questioned in the past. In this work, we demonstrate that this effective viscosity derived from our MFP calculations is consistent with those deduced from the linear-response relationship between the shear stress and strain rate using independent nonequilibrium Couette-style simulations as well as the equilibrium Green-Kubo predictions.
High-harmonic spectroscopy of transient two-center interference calculated with time-dependent density-functional theory
Authors: Mauger François , Abanador Paul M. , Scarborough Timothy D. , Gorman Timothy T. , Agostini Pierre , DiMauro Louis F. , Lopata Kenneth , Schafer Kenneth J. , Gaarde Mette B.
Published: July 2019

We demonstrate high-harmonic spectroscopy in many-electron molecules using time-dependent density-functional theory. We show that a weak attosecond-pulse-train ionization seed that is properly synchronized with the strong driving mid-infrared laser field can produce experimentally relevant high-harmonic generation (HHG) signals, from which we extract both the spectral amplitude and the target-specific phase (group delay). We also show that further processing of the HHG signal can be used to achieve molecular-frame resolution, i.e., to resolve the contributions from rescattering on different sides of an oriented molecule. In this framework, we investigate transient two-center interference in CO2 and OCS, and how subcycle polarization effects shape the oriented/aligned angle-resolved spectra.
A South American fossil relative of Phyllocladus: Huncocladus laubenfelsii gen. et sp. nov. (Podocarpaceae), from the early Eocene of Laguna del Hunco, Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Andruchow-Colombo Ana , Wilf Peter , Escapa Ignacio H.
Published: July 2019

Huncocladus laubenfelsii gen. et sp. nov. is described from the early Eocene (52 million years old) Laguna del Hunco site in Patagonia, Argentina, on the basis of a compression fossil with cuticle remains. The taxon has several similarities with Phyllocladus, together with characters that are absent in extant Phyllocladus species but are otherwise typical of the enclosing scale-leaved clade. Consequently, Huncocladus is interpreted as a relative of Phyllocladus, possibly belonging to its stem group. This view is supported by a phylogenetic analysis of Podocarpaceae, which recovers Huncocladus as sister to Phyllocladus within the here-termed phyllocladoid clade (Phyllocladus + Huncocladus). Huncocladus laubenfelsii is the first macrofossil record of the phyllocladoid lineage in South America or anywhere in the western hemisphere, vastly extending its historical range and constituting an additional lineage shared between Eocene Patagonia and extant and extinct Australasian and South-east Asian rainforests. The disappearance of phyllocladoids from South America adds to the general extinction pattern described previously for southern hemisphere Podocarpaceae, associated with the family’s low drought tolerance in the face of climate change (i.e. aridification). Huncocladus is the oldest record of the phyllocladoids, and it represents a new reference point for temporal calibration and biogeographic inference for the evolution of conifers and Australasian rainforests.
Historical reconstruction unveils the risk of mass mortality and ecosystem collapse during pancontinental megadrought
Authors: Godfree Robert C. , Knerr Nunzio , Godfree Denise , Busby John , Robertson Bruce , Encinas-Viso Francisco
Published: July 2019

An important new hypothesis in landscape ecology is that extreme, decade-scale megadroughts can be potent drivers of rapid, macroscale ecosystem degradation and collapse. If true, an increase in such events under climate change could have devastating consequences for global biodiversity. However, because few megadroughts have occurred in the modern ecological era, the taxonomic breadth, trophic depth, and geographic pattern of these impacts remain unknown. Here we use ecohistorical techniques to quantify the impact of a record, pancontinental megadrought period (1891 to 1903 CE) on the Australian biota. We show that during this event mortality and severe stress was recorded in >45 bird, mammal, fish, reptile, and plant families in arid, semiarid, dry temperate, and Mediterranean ecosystems over at least 2.8 million km
2
(36%) of the Australian continent. Trophic analysis reveals a bottom-up pattern of mortality concentrated in primary producer, herbivore, and omnivore guilds. Spatial and temporal reconstruction of premortality rainfall shows that mass mortality and synchronous ecosystem-wide collapse emerged in multiple geographic hotspots after 2 to 4 y of severe (>40%) and intensifying rainfall deficits. However, the presence of hyperabundant herbivores significantly increased the sensitivity of ecosystems to overgrazing-induced meltdown and permanent ecosystem change. The unprecedented taxonomic breadth and spatial scale of these impacts demonstrate that continental-scale megadroughts pose a major future threat to global biodiversity, especially in ecosystems affected by intensive agricultural use, trophic simplification, and invasive species.
Flexible electronic/optoelectronic microsystems with scalable designs for chronic biointegration
Authors: Song Enming , Chiang Chia-Han , Li Rui , Jin Xin , Zhao Jianing , Hill Mackenna , Xia Yu , Li Lizhu , Huang Yuming , Won Sang Min , Yu Ki Jun , Sheng Xing , Fang Hui , Alam Muhammad Ashraful , Huang Yonggang , Viventi Jonathan , Chang Jan-Kai , Rogers John A.
Published: July 2019

Significance

Emerging classes of flexible electronic systems designed to interface to soft tissues of the human body serve as the foundations for bioelectronic forms of medicine, with capabilities that can complement those of traditional pharmaceutical approaches. This work establishes the engineering science of categories of biointegrated microsystems that include assemblies of tens of thousands of microdevices interconnected into functional networks on thin flexible polymer substrates with areas that approach those of the human brain. Detailed in vitro studies suggest the ability of these systems to provide sophisticated electronic and optoelectronic function with stable, biologically safe operation for many decades. The results define concepts and technological approaches with widespread utility in the field of bioelectronics.
In Memoriam: David C. Gadsby, PhD
Authors: Andersen Olaf S. , Nairn Angus C. , Palmer Lawrence G. , Shapley Robert M.
Published: July 2019

Andersen et al. commemorate the life of the eminent physiologist, David Gadsby.
Explanatory Conditionals
Authors: Andreas Holger
Published: July 2019

This article aims to complement causal model approaches to causal explanation by James Woodward, Joseph Halpern and Judea Pearl, and Michael Strevens. It centers on a strengthened Ramsey Test of conditionals: α≫γ if and only if, after suspending judgment about α and γ, an agent can infer γ from the supposition of α (in the context of further beliefs in the background). Holger Andreas and Mario Günther used this conditional as the starting point of an analysis of ‘because’ in natural language. I refine this analysis so as to yield a fully fledged account of (deterministic) causal explanation.
Mixed-Effects Modeling and Nonreductive Explanation
Authors: Fang Wei
Published: July 2019

This essay considers a mixed-effects modeling practice and its implications for the philosophical debate surrounding reductive explanation. Mixed-effects modeling is a species of the multilevel modeling practice, where a single model incorporates simultaneously two (or even more) levels of explanatory variables to explain a phenomenon of interest. I argue that this practice makes the position of explanatory reductionism held by many philosophers untenable because it violates two central tenets of explanatory reductionism: single-level preference and lower-level obsession.
(F)utility Exposed
Authors: Fumagalli Roberto
Published: July 2019

In recent years, several authors have called to ground descriptive and normative decision theory on neuropsychological measures of utility. In this article, I combine insights from the best available neuropsychological findings, leading philosophical conceptions of welfare, and contemporary decision theory to rebut these prominent calls. I argue for two claims of general interest to philosophers, choice modelers and policy makers. First, severe conceptual, epistemic, and evidential problems plague ongoing attempts to develop accurate and reliable neuropsychological measures of utility. Second, even if these problems are solved, neuropsychological measures of utility lack the potential to directly inform welfare analyses and policy evaluations.
Are Emotions Psychological Constructions?
Authors: Kurth Charlie
Published: July 2019

According to psychological constructivism, emotions result from projecting folk emotion concepts onto felt affective episodes. While constructivists acknowledge there is a biological dimension to emotion, they deny that emotions are (or involve) affect programs. So they also deny emotions are natural kinds. However, the essential role that constructivism gives to felt experience and folk concepts leads to an account that is extensionally inadequate and functionally inaccurate. Moreover, biologically oriented proposals that reject these commitments are not similarly encumbered. Recognizing this has two implications: biological mechanisms are more central to emotion than constructivism allows, and the conclusion that emotions are not natural kinds is premature.
Interaction Solutions for Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation with Variable Coefficients*
Authors: Liu Jian-Guo , Zhu Wen-Hui , Zhou Li
Published: July 2019

Based on the Hirota’s bilinear form and symbolic computation, the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with variable coefficients is investigated. The lump solutions and interaction solutions between lump solution and a pair of resonance stripe solitons are presented. Their dynamical behaviors are described by some three-dimensional plots and corresponding contour plots.
Multiple-Photon-Added and -Subtracted Two-Mode Binomial States: Nonclassicality and Entanglement*
Authors: Li Kai-Cai , Meng Xiang-Guo , Wang Ji-Suo
Published: July 2019

We theoretically analyze the nonclassicality and entanglement of two new non-Gaussian entangled states generated by applying multiple-photon addition and subtraction to a two-mode binomial state. The nonclassical properties are investigated in terms of the partial negativity of the Wigner functions, whose results show that their nonclassicality can be enhanced via one-mode even-number photon operations and two-mode symmetrical operations for the initial two-mode binomial state. We also find that there exists some enhancement in the entanglement properties in certain parameter ranges via one-mode photon-addition and two-mode symmetrical operations.
Residue-Specialized Membrane Poration Kinetics of Melittin and Its Variants: Insight from Mechanistic Landscapes*
Authors: Deng Zhi-Xiong , Li Jing-Liang , Yuan Bing , Yang Kai
Published: July 2019

Pore-forming peptides have promising potentials for biomedical uses due to their ability to permeabilize cell membranes. However, to molecularly engineer them for practical applications is still blocked by the poor understanding of the specific roles of individual residues in peptides’ activity. Herein, using an advanced computational approach that combines Coarse-Grained molecular dynamics and well-tempered metadynamics, the membrane activities of melittin, a representative pore-forming peptide, and its gain-of-function variants, are characterized from the kinetics and thermodynamics perspectives. Unbiased simulations elucidate the molecular details of peptide-induced membrane poration; during which, some vital intermediate states, including the aggregation and U-shape configuration formation of peptides in the membrane, are observed and further applied as collective variables to construct the multi-dimensional free energy landscapes of the peptide-membrane interactions. Such a combination of kinetic and thermodynamic descriptions of the interaction process provides crucial information of residue-specialized contribution in chain conformation and consequently membrane perforation ability of the peptide. It is found that residues at the kink part (e.g. Thr) determine the chain flexibility and U-shape bending of the peptide, while residues near the C-terminus (e.g. Arg and Lys) are responsible for recruiting neighboring peptides for inter-molecular cooperation; the probable reaction pathway and the poration efficiency are consequently regulated. These results are helpful for a comprehensive understanding of the complicated molecular mechanism of pore-forming peptides and pave the way to rationally design and/or engineer the peptides for practical applications.
Study of Monte Carlo event generators for proton-proton collisions at LHC energies in the forward region *
Authors: ENE Alexandru Cătălin , JIPA Alexandru , GIUBEGA Lavinia-Elena
Published: July 2019

In this paper we present a comparative study between PYTHIA, EPOS, QGSJET, and SIBYLL generators. The global event observables considered are the charged energy flow, charged particle distributions, charged hadron production ratios and V
0 ratios. The study is performed in the LHCb and TOTEM fiducial phase spaces on minimum bias simulated data samples for pp collisions at

= 7 TeV , using the reference measurements from these experiments. In the majority of cases, the measurements are within a band defined by the most extreme predictions. The observed differences between the predictions and the measurements seem to be, in most part, caused by extrapolation from the central pseudorapidity region (|η|

2.5), in which the generators were mainly tuned.
Relativistic corrections of the fragmentation functions for a heavy quark to Bc and

*
Authors: Yang Deshan , Zhang Wenjie
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we compute the relativistic corrections of the fragmentation functions (FFs) for a heavy quark to Bc
and

within the framework of non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization. The non-singlet and singlet DGLAP evolutions are also presented.
Perturbative QCD for J/ψ inclusive production via initial state radiation in

collisions *
Authors: Gong Bin , Wang Yu-Dong , Wang Jian-Xiong
Published: July 2019

The process

with the center-of-mass (CM) energy in the range from 3.7 to 10.6 GeV is calculated up to the next-to-leading order (NLO) in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). At 10.6 GeV, the result is consistent with the experimental result from Belle. However, the predictions are much smaller than the background in the measurements at BESIII in the low CM energy range from 3.7 to 4.6 GeV. This indicates that the convergence of the QCD perturbative expansion becomes worse as the CM energy is closer to the inclusive

production threshold. For a further study of the QCD mechanism of

production in

collisions with different CM energies, the initial state radiation effect of

and

are calculated in QCD NLO. The results are plotted and the number of events for different CM energy bins are provided for SuperKEKB. This provides a method to precisely test the validity of perturbative predictions for

production in future measurements.
Phenomenology of

decays in a scalar leptoquark model *
Authors: Yan Han , Yang Ya-Dong , Yuan Xing-Bo
Published: July 2019

During the past few years, signs of lepton flavor universality (LFU) violation have been observed in

and

transitions. Recently, the

and

polarization fractions

and

in

decay were likewise measured by the Belle collaboration. Motivated by these intriguing results, we revisit the

and

anomalies in a scalar leptoquark (LQ) model, where two scalar LQs, one of which is a

singlet and the other a

triplet, are introduced simultaneously. We consider five

mediated decays,

,

,

, and

, and focus on the LQ effects on the

distributions of the branching fractions, LFU ratios, and various angular observables in these decays. Under the combined constraints of the available data on

,

,

, and

, we perform scans for the LQ couplings and make predictions for a number of observables. Numerically it is found that both the differential branching fractions and LFU ratios are largely enhanced by the LQ effects, with the latter expected to provide testable signatures at the SuperKEKB and High-Luminosity LHC experiments.
Novel self-consistent mean field approximation and its application in strong interaction phase transitions *
Authors: Wang Fei , Cao Yakun , Zong Hongshi
Published: July 2019

We propose a novel self-consistent mean field approximation method by means of a Fierz transformation, taking the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model as an example. This new self-consistent mean field approximation introduces a new free parameter α to be determined experimentally. When α assumes the value of 0.5, the approximation reduces to the mean field calculation commonly used in the past. Subsequently, we study the influence of the undetermined parameter α on the phase diagram of the two-flavor strong interaction matter. The value of α plays a crucial role in the strong interaction phase diagram, as it not only changes the position of the phase transition point of strong interaction matter, but also affects the order of the phase transition. For example, when α is greater than the critical value

, then the strong interaction matter phase diagram no longer has a critical end point. In addition, in the case of zero temperature and finite density, we found that when α > 1.044, the pseudo-critical chemical potential corresponds to ~4–5 times the saturation density of the nuclear matter, which agrees with the expected results from the picture of the hadrons degree of freedom. The resulting equations of state of strong interaction matter at low temperatures and high densities will have an important impact on studies concerning the mass radius relationship of neutron stars and the merging process of binary neutron stars.
Extinction coefficients of surface atmospheric aerosol above LHAASO *
Authors: Pi Wen-Xuan , Huang Min , Zhu Feng-Rong , He Yu , Xie Ning , Zhang Yong , Chen Qi-Hui , Jia Huan-Yu
Published: July 2019

We investigate the extinction coefficients of the surface atmospheric aerosol over the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), located at the Haizi Mountain, Daocheng County, China. To this end, we utilize the Longtin model, Mie scattering theory, and experimental data obtained by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO). Our theoretical calculations show that the total extinction coefficients of the atmospheric aerosol at the wavelength of 200–500 nm are inversely proportional to the laser wavelength, and influenced by the wind speed. From July 2015 to October 2016, the extinction coefficient of the surface atmospheric aerosols at 532 nm wavelength reached 0.04 km−1 with no wind, while it increased to 0.1 km−1 with gusts. In this period, the extinction coefficients of the surface atmospheric aerosol at 532 nm wavelength, obtained by the CALIPSO, change from 0.01 to 0.07 km−1, which is less than the values obtained the theoretical calculation and larger than the average of Tibetan Plateau in 2006−2016. These calculations and experimental evidence provide important arguments to the model of atmospheric aerosol to be applied in the calibration of LHAASO. Our results suggest that the extinction coefficients over LHAASO require further study, including research on the size distribution, shape, concentration of aerosols particles, wind dependence, relative humidity dependence, etc.
The forced axisymmetric oscillations of an oblate drop sandwiched between different inhomogeneous surfaces under AC vibrational force
Authors: Kashina M A , Alabuzhev A A
Published: July 2019

The forced oscillations of an incompressible fluid drop in the uniform AC electric field are considered. The external electric field acts as an external force that causes motion of the contact line. In order to describe this contact line motion the modified Hocking boundary condition is applied: the velocity of the contact line is proportional to the deviation of the contact angle and the rate of the fast relaxation processes, whose frequency is proportional to twice the frequency of the electric field. The equilibrium drop has the form of a cylinder bounded by axially parallel solid inhomogeneous planes. These plates have different surface (wetting etc.) properties. The solution of the problem is represented as a Fourier series in eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator. The resulting system of heterogeneous equations for unknown amplitudes was solved numerically. The amplitude-frequency characteristics and the evolution of the drop shape are plotted for different values of the problem parameters.
Optimization-based method of solving 2D thermal cloaking problems
Authors: Alekseev Gennady , Tereshko Dmitry
Published: July 2019

We consider inverse problems for 2D heat conduction model concerning with designing cylindrical thermal cloaking shells. The shells are assumed consisting of a finite number of layers every of which is filled with homogeneous isotropic medium. Using the optimization method these inverse problems are reduced to corresponding control problems. Thermal conductivities of the shell layers play the role of passive controls. A numerical algorithm based on the particle swarm optimization is proposed and the results of numerical experiments are discussed. Rigorous optimization analysis shows that high cloaking efficiency of the shell can be achieved using a multilayer shell composed of only three isotropic nature materials with optimally selected thermal conductivities.
Carleman estimate of solutions to equations adjoint to Navier–Stokes compressible-medium equations
Authors: Amosova E V
Published: July 2019

Analyzing the controllability problem for the Navier–Stokes equations of a compressible medium requires Carleman estimates of a corresponding adjoint system. The paper presents a Carleman estimate of solutions to two 2D equations, which are adjoint to continuity and momentum equations in compressible-solid mechanics at the start time. The paper proposes a method for generating Carleman estimates for a hyperbolic-parabolic system with Dirichlet and Neumann conditions featuring the same weight function.
Group properties of equations describing the motion of a liquid metal with the inclusion of nanopowder
inoculators
Authors: Bublik V V
Published: July 2019

A group classification of equations describing the motion of a liquid metal with the inclusion of nanopowder inoculators is carried out in relation to the dependence of the viscosity coefficient on temperature and the fraction of the solid phase in the melt. The motion of a liquid metal with the inclusion of nanopowder inoculators will be described by the Navier— Stokes system of equations in an axisymmetric coordinate system taking into account the force of gravity directed against the axial coordinate and the heat transfer equation in a liquid, taking into account crystallization. The viscosity of a liquid is considered dependent on temperature and the fraction of the solid phase in the melt. The widest permissible group is obtained in the case of a constant viscosity coefficient. Also, the expansion of the permissible group occurs with some special types of dependence of the viscosity coefficient on temperature and the fraction of the solid phase in the melt.
Microscopic mechanical model of the main structural element of Bazhenov Suite reservoir rocks
Authors: Grigoriev A S , Shilko E V , Psakhie S G , Kontorovich A E
Published: July 2019

We propose a microscale model of the main structural element (“bearing” layers) of kerogen-clay-carbonate-siliceous rocks of the Bazhenov formation. The model treats the rock as a composite material with inorganic clay matrix and different content of organic inclusions (up to 25%) and micropores filled with low-viscous fluid (light hydrocarbon fractions). A computer simulation of the mechanical behavior of representative samples of structural elements of the studied rock under triaxial compression was carried out using the hybrid cellular automaton method and a coupled mechanical model that takes into account the mutual influence of porous rock deformation and filtration of a pore fluid. It is shown that the mechanical behavior of the “bearing” layer of rock at side pressures that meet the characteristic conditions of occurrence is satisfactorily described by rock plasticity models with two-parameter flow functions.
Linear stability of a supersonic boundary layer on a plate under conditions of vibrational excitation and of viscous stratification
Authors: Grigoryev Y N , Ershov I V
Published: July 2019

An asymptotic theory of the neutral stability curve for a supersonic boundary layer of a vibrationally excited molecular gas on a plate is developed. The initial mathematical model of flow consists of equations of two-temperature viscous heat-conducting gas dynamics, which are used to derive a spectral problem for a linear system of eighth-order ordinary differential equations within the framework of the classical linear stability theory. Unified transformations of the system for all shear flows are performed in accordance with the classical Lin scheme. The problem is reduced to an algebraic secular equation with separation into the inviscid and viscous parts, which is solved numerically. It is shown that the thus-calculated neutral stability curves agree well with the previously obtained results of the direct numerical solution of the original spectral problem. In this case, the critical Reynolds number increases with excitation enhancement of the internal degrees of freedom of molecules, and the neutral stability curve is shifted toward the domain of higher wave numbers. This is also confirmed by means of solving an asymptotic equation for the critical Reynolds number.
Choice of boundary conditions at the unsteady modeling of jets flowing into the supersonic flow
Authors: Zamuraev V P , Kalinina A P , Popova D S , Fedorova D V , Ivanova O N
Published: July 2019

Numerical simulation of ignition of the gas mixture not mixed previously in the supersonic flow localized in a channel was performed. The ignition is initiated by the shock wave from the throttling jet, which results in significant changing of pressure difference between the main flow and the gas generator of the throttling jet. It is shown that applying boundary conditions similar to the breakdown of arbitrary discontinuity conditions, makes it possible to obtain the transonic mode observed in the experiment. The near-wall and axisymmetric supply of the gaseous fuel was considered.
Growth of nonlinear structures on the interface between dielectric liquids in a strong vertical electric field
Authors: Kochurin E A , Zubareva O V , Zubarev N M
Published: July 2019

Nonlinear dynamics of the interface between dielectric liquids exposed to a strong vertical electric field is studied. Two types of exact solutions for quadratically nonlinear equations of motion (periodic solutions involving a finite number of Fourier harmonics and spatially localized rational solutions) are analyzed. Description of the interfacial evolution reduces to solving a finite number of ordinary differential equations either on amplitudes of harmonics, or, through the analytical continuation into the complex plane from the interface, for the poles motion. The common property of the solutions is a tendency for the growth of interface perturbations in the direction of the liquid with a lower permittivity.
Deformation of T-shaped beams under creep conditions with different properties in tension and compression
Authors: Iyavoynen S V
Published: July 2019

An algorithm is implemented to simulate a pure bending of a beam of a symmetric section under creep conditions. The beam is subjected to a bending moment with a constant absolute value. The algorithm is applied to the experimental data on the pure bending of T-beams made from a Ti-Al-Sn-V alloy at a temperature T = 700°C. The algorithm takes into account the accumulation of damage in the material, the effect of temperature exposure and the difference properties of the material under tension and compression. The model is based on kinetic creep theory by Rabotnov. The Nelder-Mead procedure is used to find the bending moment by the curvature of a beam.
Comparison of design optimization algorithms of a multiply fractured horizontal well
Authors: Kavunnikova E A , Starovoitova B N , Golovin S V , Krivtsov A M
Published: July 2019

The paper is devoted to comparison of multiple-objectives optimization algorithms in application to the problem of design optimization of a multiply fractured horizontal well (MFHW). The problem is stated either as a single-objective one, where only the income based on Net Present Value (NPV) is maximized, or as a multi-objective problem, where it is necessary to simultaneously find extremes of NPV, the post-fracture oil production and fracturing costs. Three popular stochastic optimization methods are considered: genetic algorithms (GA), simulated annealing (SA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Since PSO, SA and GA techniques employ different strategies and computational efforts, the comparison of their efficiency was carried out by testing on synthetic problems and then applied to the example of a MFHW in a low-permeable oil reservoir.
On a model for multicomponent chemically reacting mixture of viscous fluids
Authors: Kucher N A , Zhalnina A A , Malyshenko O V
Published: July 2019

We present results on the existence of globally defined strong generalized solutions for initial boundary value problem which describes motion of a binary chemically reacting mixture of compressible viscous fluids.
A one-velocity model of suspension flow through a high-porous medium
Authors: Leontiev N E
Published: July 2019

A one-velocity model for slow flows of a suspension through a high-porous medium is proposed. The model involves the momentum equation (Brinkman equation) and two continuity equations for the suspension and suspended particles. The particle migration due to spatially varying frequency of particle-matrix collisions is heuristically accounted for. As other known diffusion models, the proposed one is not universal and is valid only for simple flow patterns (e.g., shear flows). A generalization of the proposed model for deep bed filtration is also given.
Two-dimensional stationary flow of two immiscible fluids in a cylinder taking into account the internal energy of the interface
Authors: Andreev V K , Magdenko E P
Published: July 2019

In this paper, the problem of a two-dimensional stationary flow of two immiscible viscous heat-conducting fluids in a cylinder is solved. The fluids have a common movable non-deformable interface. The cylinder has a solid outer wall. At the same time the mass forces are absent. The total energy condition at the interface is taken into account. The temperature in liquids is distributed in a quadratic law, which is consistent with the velocity field of the Himenz type. From a mathematical point of view, this initial-boundary value problem is nonlinear and inverse with respect to pressure gradients along the cylinder axis. The modified Galerkin method is used to solve the problem. The effect of the Marangoni number on the fluids flow is investigated.
Solvability of the system of equations of one-dimensional movement of a viscous liquid in a deformable viscous porous medium
Authors: Tokareva Margarita , Papin Alexander
Published: July 2019

The initial-boundary value problem for the system of one-dimensional motion of viscous liquid in deformable viscous porous medium is considered. Local theorem of existence and uniqueness of problem is proved in case of compressible liquid. In case of incompressible liquid the theorem of global solvability in time is proved in Hölder classes.
Effect of current on wave resistance of an Air Cushion Vehicle
Authors: Pogorelova A V , Kozin V M
Published: July 2019

The unsteady movement of the Air Cushion Vehicle on an ice cover in the presence of uniform current is considered. The ice cover is modelled as an elastic plate, floating on the surface of water of finite depth. Air Cushion Vehicle is modelled by the area of pressure moving with a variable speed. The effect of current on wave resistance of Air Cushion Vehicle is analyzed. It is received that the transverse current has little effect on the wave resistance. The longitudinal current leads to significant change of wave resistance on the modes of the accelerated movement for attainment of critical speed and decelerating from critical speed to a full stop. For uniform motion of vehicle the critical velocity increases for following current and decreases for opposing current.
About counter concurrent flows with general conjugation conditions
Authors: Markov V G , Popov S V
Published: July 2019

The article [1] is devoted to the conjugation problems for different physical processes such as the heat propagation in nonhomogeneous media, diffraction type problems, interaction of filtration and channel flows of a fluid, filtration in a borehole, reverse flows in a boundary layer after a separation point, etc. These conjugation problems are supplemented with examples of their realization including existence and uniqueness theorems of the corresponding boundary value problems. In the present article we consider counter concurrent flows with general conjugation conditions in the conjugation models and contact boundary value problems proposed.
Modelling of process of displacement of methane from gas hydrate reservoir at dioxide carbon injection
Authors: Rafikova G R , Khasanov M K
Published: July 2019

The paper presents a mathematical model for describing the process of displacing methane with carbon dioxide from a reservoir saturated with methane and its hydrate. For gas substitution kinetics, a scheme has been proposed in which the intensity of the process is defined by the diffusion of carbon dioxide through the hydrate layer formed between the gas mixture flow and methane hydrate. The numerical research of influence of main parameters on dynamics of process is conducted. Influence of coefficient of diffusion mixing of the gas mixture and permeability for the time of complete gas-replacement in reservoir is studied.
Vortex flow on the wing of aircraft and flow control to improve lift properties
Authors: Mamonova E E , Soudakov V G , Voyevodin A V
Published: July 2019

A high-lift configuration of the civil aircraft including body, wing in high-lift configuration, nacelle with pylon and empennage is considered in the present work. Numerical simulations of the flow have been carried out in the framework of Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for low subsonic Mach number. The active flow control method, which is capable to improve maximal lift of the aircraft, has been considered. The influence of jet blowing near wing-body junction on aerodynamic characteristics has been investigated.
Simulation of flows with breaking internal waves generated by an obstacle
Authors: Yakovenko S N , Gavrilov N V
Published: July 2019

Numerical study of a stably stratified flow with obstacle of different shapes is performed by means of the Navier–Stokes and scalar equations for incompressible fluid with the Boussinesq approximation of buoyancy effects. The results of computations agree well with the concurrent experiment study with the towed body in the water tank with pycnocline.
Is flash flood cycle? A preliminary climate study on Teunom fluvial system
Authors: Irham M , Ilhamsyah Y , Sugianto  , Deli A , Syahreza S
Published: July 2019

The atmospheric dynamics in the Teunom region have caused flashflood several times in last decade, especially in the Krueng Tenom river basin. This problem has been speculated for many scientists who predicted that such flashflood were caused by either regional climate change or the uncontrolled land use in this area. However, it should also be understood the possibility that flash floods may be caused by regional atmospheric cycle. Therefore, this study aims to understand how the climate approach on temperature and rainfall as meteorology process as a way to comprehend whether the flashflood cycle. The result of the research shows that flashflood is actually cyclical, however, due to micro climate change that happened and it is predicted that land use change or land conversion and illegal mining accelerates flashflood cycle so that early warning system is difficult to be implemented.
Greater Aceh, Indonesia Enters Climate Change: Climate on Extreme ENSO 2015-2016
Authors: Ilhamsyah Y , Farhan A , Irham M , Setiawan I , Haditiar Y , Irwandi
Published: July 2019

The objective of the study is to analyse the rainfall variability and temperature over Greater Aceh and its correlation to ENSO event. Long-term rainfall observation data spanning from 1982-2018 was retrieved from meteorological station of Blang Bintang, Greater Aceh. The Pearson correlation was employed to find the relationship between rainfall and El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurrence. It is shown from frequency analysis that rainfall decreased in the 90s. After the tsunami as climate change become unequivocal the rainfall trend increase as a result of land use change and much worst as severe ENSO 2015 arrived over the region which statistically significant was found between those two corresponding events. During El Niño, rainfall is less while La Niña more rainfall than normal drop over the region. To cope with climate change issues where ENSO is very likely to occur in future time, an appropriate mitigation is required to conduct for instance: managing forest resources and land use by reducing deforestation and land conversion, the control of fossil fuel burning, and the most important thing is to establish a renewable energy as an effort to implement sustainable green energy in the future as well as climate risk reduction.