bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching future English language teachers the methods of translating wordplay-based jokes in the theory and practice of translation course
Authors: Belkina Elena Pavlovna
Published: February 2024

The aim of the study is to describe the methods of translating short humorous texts from English into Russian in order to teach them to senior students in language pedagogical training programs in the course “Theory and Practice of Translation” with an emphasis on the potential application of the acquired translation competence in future pedagogical activities. The paper presents three stages of translating a short humorous text, focusing on the second stage, during which students acquire the ability to apply the translation methods for jokes they have learned through the completion of three types of tasks within the proposed methodological framework. All methods of translating short humorous texts are illustrated with examples and commentary. The scientific novelty lies in developing a methodological toolkit (the technique of prompting questions, the technique of problem-based questions, the technique of educational analogy) for teaching future foreign language teachers how to translate wordplay-based jokes. The study describes three stages of recreating the humorous effect in translation based on the analysis of the linguistic and extralinguistic characteristics of humor in the source language and by considering the perception of the translated product by the speakers of the target language to develop translation skills among students in language pedagogical training programs. Practical recommendations are provided for future foreign language teachers on applying the acquired skills and abilities in the theory and practice of translation course within the context of their future pedagogical activities in secondary school.
Social problems in M. Gorky’s essays on cinema in a historical context
Authors: Plotnikova Anastasia Gennadievna
Published: February 2024

The research aims to determine the peculiarities of the notion of cinema at the initial stage of its existence. The essays and short stories by M. Gorky published in the newspapers ‘Nizhegorodskii listok’ and ‘Odesskie novosti’ during the All-Russia Industrial and Art Exhibition 1896 and articles of this period published in the Nizhny Novgorod press served as the research material. Classical and new works on Gorky studies and film studies are involved. The research is novel in that it is the first to address the short story ‘Revenge’ and to restore the journalistic context associated with it. Through a comprehensive analysis of Gorky’s essays on cinema and the short story ‘Revenge’, the mechanism of transformation of journalistic texts into a literary one through the problem-thematic and figurative-motivic complexes is traced. The involvement of a wide range of articles in the synchronous press makes it possible to detect the deep involvement of the writer’s works in the contemporary social and everyday context. As a result of the research, the range of Gorky’s texts related to cinema expands, the social origins of Gorky’s attitude to cinema and his notion of screen art as an illusory ideal world opposed to the harsh reality of life are revealed.
Metonymy in the media space of the Arab political discourse
Authors: Okil Izildin
Published: February 2024

The paper presents the results of analysing metonymic transfers selected from the texts of speeches by Arab politicians. The mechanism of using metonymy and its motivation by functions in the speech of a politician are considered in the context of usage, which is a comment on the political reason for the speech. The study aims to propose a typology of metonymic transfers within the framework of analysing linguistic means presented in the texts of oral TV speeches by the leading Arab political figures. The study is novel in that it is the first to propose a typologization of metonymic transfers in connection with their functions in the Arab political discourse. The results showed that the frequency of the frame metonymic transfer, which takes precedence over the propositional and the scenario type of transfer and allows for the implementation of a predominantly agonal function, as well as the functions of power legitimization and social control in public speeches by Arab politicians, is characteristic of the Arab political discourse.
Analisis Tokoh dan Latar Belakang Terjadinya Konflik dalam Novel Kudasai Karya Brian Khrisna
Authors: Andina Vinna , Arifin Zaenal , Restoeningroem Restoeningroem
Published: February 2024

This study aims to: 1 Know the analysis of the characters contained in the novel Kudasai by Brian Khrisna. 2. Describe the conflicts that occur in the novel Kudasai by Brian Krishna. The method used in this research is descriptive method. This method is used to analyze the characters and conflicts in the novel Kudasai by Brian Krishna. The results of the analysis show that the main character in the story is Chaka and additional characters Twindy, Anet, Romi, Deni, Ryan, Dimas who are the supporters of the story. To describe the conflict problems contained in the novel using data based on quotations that contain internal and external conflicts. The results of the conflict research show that internal conflicts in the novel Kudasai consist of: nervous feelings, forced feelings, feelings of love or affection, feelings of suspicion, feelings of anger, feelings of fear, feelings of guilt, feelings of anxiety, feelings of disappointment, feelings of sadness, feelings of hatred, and feelings upset, and external conflicts include physical conflicts and social conflicts.
Keywords : Novel, Character, Conflict
Pengembangan Media Audiovisual BEKU dengan Model Pembelajaran Auditory Intelectually Repetition pada Teks Berita
Authors: Zein Isma Rana
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran BEKU pada materi teks berita kelas VIII dengan berbasis model pembelajaran auditory intellectually repetition dan mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran tersebut dan respons peserta didik terhadap media pembelajaran. Dalam prosesnya, penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan atau Research and Development (RnD). Dalam mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik wawancara dan angket sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah ahli materi, ahli media, dan peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 14 Tangerang Selatan. Hasil penelitian yaitu: 1) validasi ahli materi dengan persentase 91% dengan kategori sangat layak dan validasi ahli media dengan persentase 100% dengan kategori sangat layak 2) respons peserta didik secara keseluruhan memperoleh persentase 92,5% dengan kriteria sangat layak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran BEKU pada teks berita rakyat kelas VIII dengan berbasis model pembelajaran auditory intellectually repetition sangat layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran BEKU, Teks Berita, Auditory Intelectually

Repetition

 
El tratamiento de la COVID-19 desde la acción protectora dispensada por la Seguridad Social a las personas trabajadoras
Authors: Llorens Espada Julen
Published: February 2024

El presente estudio realiza un recorrido por el devenir legislativo que la SARS-CoV-2 ha recibido como contingencia protegida por la Seguridad Social en los diferentes estadios de progreso de la pandemia. Concretamente, se analiza el proceso que se ha seguido desde su inicial consideración como contingencia común hasta su (cuasi) reconocimiento como enfermedad profesional para un determinado sector de la población trabajadora. En esta labor, se acomete un estudio de la conflictividad judicial que ha generado esta materia y se apuntan a las principales anomías y problemas jurídicos generados por esta escalonada asimilación normativa.
El despido del trabajador derivado del uso de las redes sociales
Authors: Villalba Sánchez Alicia
Published: February 2024

La pérdida de espacios de convivencia ha erigido a la red social en un ágora donde la comunicación bilateral ha dejado paso a la exposición unilateral de contenidos y opiniones. El exhibicionismo propiciado por la cultura de la aprobación cultivada en su seno ha dado pábulo a no pocos conflictos, a los cuales la empresa no ha permanecido ajena. La posibilidad de incurrir en un incumplimiento contractual consistente en el uso de la red social, o delatado por la misma, obliga a analizar el margen de libertad que el Derecho del Trabajo confiere a sus usuarios.
Las responsabilidades en materia de seguridad social en el marco de la sucesión de empresas
Authors: Gala Carolina
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el alcance de la responsabilidad que, en materia de Seguridad Social, asume la empresa sucesora en los supuestos de sucesión de empresa del artículo 44 del ET.
¿Quien debe asumir el coste de la cuota patronal a la seguridad social en las ayudas "Margarita Salas" y “María Zambrano”? A propósito de los primeros pronunciamientos judiciales
Authors: Moreno Gené Josep
Published: February 2024

La práctica totalidad de las universidades públicas ha procedido a detraer de las cuantías previstas para la formalización de los contratos derivados de las “Ayudas Margarita Salas” y de las “Ayudas María Zambrano” el importe correspondiente a la cuota empresarial de seguridad social que les corresponde abonar por los referidos investigadores contratados, los cuales, en consecuencia, han visto muy reducidas sus expectativas salariales.  Frente a ello, los investigadores afectados por estas prácticas han acudido a los tribunales laborales para conseguir que las universidades publicas contratantes asuman los costes de la cuota empresarial de seguridad social, sin detraerlo de la cuantía de las ayudas de las que traen su origen los referidos contratos.  En este trabajo se pretende analizar, precisamente, las primeras resoluciones judiciales que han abordado y resuelto esta controversia, de forma totalmente contradictoria.
El movimiento feminista cooperativo
Authors: Velo i Fabregat Elisabet
Published: February 2024

Recensión del libro "El movimento feminista cooperatiu. L'Agrupació Femenina de Propaganda Cooperativista (1931-1939)" de Marc Dalmau i Torvà i Mar Masip.
Performance Evaluation of Two Stages Parallel Flow Indirect Evaporative Cooling with Aspen Pads in Baghdad Climate Conditions
Authors: Garbi Hassan Farid , Jassim Najim A.
Published: February 2024

This study delves into the realm of advanced cooling techniques by examining the performance of a two-stage parallel flow indirect evaporative cooling system enhanced with aspen pads in the challenging climate of Baghdad. The objective was to achieve average air dry bulb temperatures (43 oC) below the ambient wet bulb temperatures (24.95 oC) with an average relative humidity of 23%, aiming for unparalleled cooling efficiency. The research experiment was carried out in the urban environment of Baghdad, characterized by high temperature conditions. The investigation focused on the potential of the two-stage parallel flow setup, combined with the cooling capability of aspen pads, to surpass the limitations imposed by conventional cooling methods. The empirical findings underscored the capacity of the two-stage parallel flow configuration to achieve air-dry bulb temperatures surpassing the ambient wet bulb temperature.
Nonetheless, it was evident that an excessive application of water (exceeding 9 lpm) onto the aspen pads within the wet channels yielded adverse repercussions on the cooler's performance metrics, specifically in terms of wet bulb effectiveness and coefficient of performance. A range of air flows spanning from 150 CMH to 350 CMH was analyzed, revealing the influence of heightened air flow rates on the resultant dry bulb temperatures delivered by the cooling system. Notably, the peak wet-bulb effectiveness registered at 1.08, concurrently yielding a coefficient of performance measuring 7.8.
Public Procurement Crisis of Iraq and its Impact on Construction Projects
Authors: Hasan Sadeq Abdul Hamza , Rasheed Sawsan , Salih Azhar Hussein
Published: February 2024

The public procurement crisis in Iraq plays a fundamental role in the delay in the implementation of construction projects at different stages of project bidding (pre, during, and after). The procurement system of any country plays an important role in economic growth and revival. The paper aims to use the fuzzy logic inference model to predict the impact of the public procurement crisis (relative importance index and Likert scale) was carried out at the beginning to determine the most important parameters that affect construction projects, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) to set up, and finally, the fuzzy decision maker's (FDM) verification of the parameter for comparison with reality. Sixty-five construction projects in Iraq have been selected, and the most crucial crisis variables were used for calculating the weights and their importance, using the fuzzy logic inference model to verify the crisis parameters and the extent of their impact in preparation for predicting the mathematical model of public procurement parameters. After the algorithm had been completed, it was noted that the fast, messy genetic algorithm produced a little difference between training and testing (0.012% and 0.0057%), which is more reliable for predicting mean results from models. The paper’s major conclusion is that 18 crisis factors in public procurement through different stages affect construction projects in Iraq.
Evaluating the Knowledge for Integrating RM and VM Using BIM in the Iraqi Construction Sector
Authors: Alfahad Ali AbdulJabbar , Burhan Abbas M.
Published: February 2024

The construction industry plays a crucial role in the countries' economy, especially in the developed country. This point encourages the concerned institution to use new techniques and integrate many techniques and methods to maximize the benefits. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the use of risk management, value management, and building information modeling in the Iraqi construction industry. The evaluation process aims at two objectives. The direct objective was to evaluate the knowledge in risk management (RM), value management (VM), and building information modeling (BIM). The indirect objective was to support the participants with information related to the main items mentioned. The questionnaire survey was used as a data collection method. The participants in the survey were engineers from the Iraqi construction sector. The sample size was 121 engineers from 34 institutions with multidisciplinary backgrounds. The results showed that the engineers need to develop the training system and merge many methods and techniques in their institution to maximize the benefits using an integration model capable of dealing with the variable environment in construction, especially in developing countries like Iraq.
Editorial
Authors: Ebbelind Andreas , Vollstedt Maike , Hatisaru Vesife , Ohrndorf Martin , Thomaneck Aylin
Published: February 2024

This Special Issue in International Journal on Math, Science and Technology Education (LUMAT) has a unique history. It is a collection of selected papers from the 27th International Conference on Mathematical Views (MAVI27), which took place in Bremen, Germany, from 15 to 17 September 2021.
Family matters inside the order Agaricales: systematic reorganization and classification of incertae sedis clitocyboid, pleurotoid and tricholomatoid taxa based on an updated 6-gene phylogeny
Authors: Vizzini A. , Alvarado P. , Consiglio G. , Marchetti M. , Xu J.
Published: February 2024

The phylogenetic position of several clitocyboid/pleurotoid/tricholomatoid genera previously consideredincertae sedis is here resolved using an updated 6-gene dataset of Agaricales including newly sequenced lineages and more complete data from those already analyzed before.
Results allowed to infer new phylogenetic relationships, and propose taxonomic novelties to accommodate them, including up to ten new families and a new suborder. Giacomia (for which a new species from China is here described) forms a monophyletic clade with Melanoleuca (Melanoleucaceae)
nested inside suborder Pluteineae, together with the families Pluteaceae, Amanitaceae (including Leucocortinarius), Limnoperdaceae and Volvariellaceae. The recently described family Asproinocybaceae is shown to be a later synonym ofLyophyllaceae
(which includes also Omphaliaster and Trichocybe) within suborder Tricholomatineae. The families Biannulariaceae, Callistosporiaceae, Clitocybaceae, Fayodiaceae, Macrocystidiaceae (which includes Pseudoclitopilus), Entolomataceae,
Pseudoclitocybaceae (which includes Aspropaxillus), Omphalinaceae (Infundibulicybe and Omphalina) and the new families Paralepistaceae and Pseudoomphalinaceae belong also to Tricholomatineae. The delimitation of the suborder Pleurotineae
(=Schizophyllineae) is discussed and revised, accepting five distinct families within it, viz. Pleurotaceae, Cyphellopsidaceae, Fistulinaceae, Resupinataceae and Schizophyllaceae. The recently proposed suborder Phyllotopsidineae (=Sarcomyxineae)
is found to encompass the families Aphroditeolaceae, Pterulaceae, Phyllotopsidaceae, Radulomycetaceae, Sarcomyxaceae (which includes Tectella), and Stephanosporaceae, all of them unrelated to Pleurotaceae (suborder Pleurotineae)
or Typhulaceae (suborder Typhulineae). The new family Xeromphalinaceae, encompassing the genera Xeromphalina and Heimiomyces, is proposed within Marasmiineae. The suborder Hygrophorineae is here reorganized into the families Hygrophoraceae,
Cantharellulaceae, Cuphophyllaceae, Hygrocybaceae and Lichenomphaliaceae, to homogenize the taxonomic rank of the main clades inside all suborders of Agaricales. Finally, the genus Hygrophorocybe is shown to represent a distinct clade inside Cuphophyllaceae,
and the new combination H. carolinensis is proposed.
Actions to mitigate climate change
Authors: Moustafa Khaled
Published: February 2024

Climate change is a significant challenge that humanity will face in the coming decades. This reality is evidenced by the escalating frequency and severity of environmental events such as wildfires, tsunamis, and high pollution rates, coupled with severe droughts and floods in various regions. Long-term repercussions of climate change are expected to worsen, posing a threat to terrestrial and marine ecosystems, biodiversity, public health, social cohesion, and immigration both within and between countries. To address these challenges, there is a critical need for efficient and resilient policies and urgent action. Mitigating climate change is a multifaceted issue demanding collective efforts from a broad spectrum of stakeholders, including individuals, governments, businesses, and organizations. In this perspective, I will explore arguable and applicable actions, ranging from simple, individual efforts to complex comprehensive initiatives. The goal is to sustain natural resources, minimize environmental waste, and foster a harmonious relationship between humans and their micro and macro-environments. Decisive, global, and timely actions are imperative to mitigate the effects of climate change and preserve natural resources.
Electronic Cigarettes and Nicotine Use Trends among US Adolescents
Authors: Foxon Floe , Selya Arielle
Published: February 2024

Poster presentation at the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) 26th Annual Meeting, 11th-14th March, 2020, Hilton New Orleans Riverside, New Orleans, Louisiana
A physical demonstration of the increase in global surface energy due to increasing P[CO2]
Authors: Franzen Hugo  F , Franzen Stefan
Published: February 2024

Although study of the effect of energy-absorbing gases in our atmosphere has a two-hundred year history and an unequivocal explanation based on scientific observation and theory, a significant fraction of the public and even a few scientists doubt the correlation between the increasing the partial pressure of atmospheric carbon dioxide (P[CO2]) and the observed increase in terrestrial temperature over the past 120 years. Although the basic science showing that CO2 would absorb the infrared radiation emitted by the earth produce a surface-warming effect was first calculated by Arrhenius in 1896, the issue was neglected by the scientific community for decades. Today there are ample climate models of the climactic effects arising from the forcing term of increasing P[CO2]. In this paper we follow Arrhenius’ concept, although we use the HITRAN database as the input to prove the connection between earth’s surface temperature and atmospheric absorption of terrestrial radiation in a direct manner that the reader can also implement. The spectra of CO2 are enormously complicated, broadened by Fermi Resonance, and intense because of the quantum coupling of the rotation of CO2 to its bending. Using an on-line database for the transitions of CO2 the reader will easily be able to show that CO2 reduces the transmittance of the Earth’s thermal radiation through the atmosphere, which in turn results in heating of the surface. The model does not make any predictions other than that the global temperature will increase as a function of P[CO2]. The result is at the intersection of Physics, Atmospheric Science, and Psychology since the demonstration is a powerful tool that will give scientists the impetus to reach out to the public with lucid explanations based on physical principles.
Review Pembelajaran Matematika Kelas 5ABCD Topik Penerapan Prisma
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: February 2024

Review Pembelajaran Matematika Kelas 5ABCD Topik Penerapan Prisma
Brevi riflessioni sul Can. 702 C.I.C.
Authors: Sammassimo Anna
Published: February 2024

Il can. 702 dell’attuale Codice di diritto canonico stabilisce che quanti legittimamente escono dall’istituto religioso o ne sono stati legittimamente dimessi non possono esigere nulla dall’istituto stesso per qualunque attività in esso prestata (§1) ma l’istituto deve comunque osservare equità e carità evangelica verso il religioso che se ne separa (§2). Il saggio intende illustrare la condizione del religioso dimissionato ed i doveri dell’istituto.
Comparison of different induction techniques on hemodynamic changes in pediatric patients undergoing infra umbilical surgeries using laryngeal mask airway
Authors: Amrina Ashraf  , Shafat A Mir  , Khalid Sofi  , Majid Jehangir  , Akbar Shah M  , Altaf Hussain Mir
Published: February 2024

Background: Post-induction hypotension associated with various agents is well-known in adults undergoing general anesthesia for various procedures. However, this phenomenon has not been addressed well in pediatric patients. We studied the incidence of postinduction hypotension in patients 1–5 years using inhalational induction with sevoflurane, intravenous induction with propofol, and co-induction with sevoflurane plus propofol. 
Aims and Objectives: To compare three different induction techniques in children 1–5 years undergoing various infra-umbilical surgeries under general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway using sevoflurane induction, propofol induction, and sevoflurane plus propofol co-induction.
Materials and Methods: Out of 150 patients observed in this study, 50 patients (group S) received inhalational induction with sevoflurane, 50 (group P) patients received intravenous induction with propofol, and 50 (group SP) patients received co-induction with propofol and sevoflurane.
Results: Intravenous induction with propofol resulted in maximum hemodynamic changes Inhalational induction was responsible for significant changes in heart rate whereas co-induction with propofol (1–1.5 mg/kg) and sevoflurane 5% yielded minimum hemodynamic variations with least adverse effects.
Conclusion: We conclude that co-induction with propofol (1–1.5 mg/kg) plus Sevoflurane 5% provided better hemodynamic stability with the least adverse effects.
A time-motion study and patient satisfaction in the fever clinic of a Government Medical College and Hospital in India
Authors: Mahua Chowdhury  , Sucharita Maji  , Manas Patra  , Amitabha Chattopadhyay
Published: February 2024

Background: During the recent pandemic, the number of patients with influenza-like symptoms had considerably increased in fever clinics of hospitals leading to queuing and increased patient dissatisfaction.
Aims and Objectives: A time-motion study was therefore designed to evaluate the time taken at different service delivery points in the fever clinic and patient satisfaction regarding service delivery time.
Materials and Methods: An institutional cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the fever clinic of Midnapore Medical College and Hospital for 1 month. A total of 200 patients were selected by systematic random sampling from the fever clinic outdoors and their movement was recorded and satisfaction assessed.
Results: Most patients visited the clinic during the start of the week and in the first half of the day. The total mean time required from entry to exit was 9089 s±143.0. The maximum time was spent waiting time in the fever clinic entry queue followed by that at the pharmacy. The minimum time required was at the nursing table followed by a doctor’s consultation. The maximum meantime for movement between two stations was between station 5 (laboratory investigation station) and station 6 (pharmacy), that is, 1144 s±183.6. The majority of the study population was not satisfied with the time management in the fever clinic whereas only 18.0% of the participants were fully satisfied.
Conclusion: Identifying the loopholes and formulating an effective time management strategy can help deliver better patient care as well as boost patient satisfaction.
Surgical outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients of locally advanced carcinoma of esophagus: A prospective cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Jha Rohit Kumar , Shalini Kumari  , Sumedha Gargy  , Rajen A Tankshali  , Kiran C Kothari
Published: February 2024

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy + radiotherapy (NACT+RT) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been shown to improve survival in locally advanced esophageal carcinoma (EC). Comparative evaluation of NACT+RT versus NACT is ambiguous.
Aims and Objectives: The current study was designed to evaluate the outcomes of NACT+RT versus NACT in locally advanced EC.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, patients with operable, non-metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the mid and lower esophagus (T3–T4a) were treated with NACT (paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 plus carboplatin 5 Area under curve (AUC) every 3 weeks) or NACT+RT (NACT with 45 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks). Response, R0 resections, post-operative complications, and recurrence were comparatively evaluated.
Results: Of 40 enrolled patients, 20 received NACT and 20 received NACT+RT. In the NACT arm, 50% of patients had a partial response and 20% had disease progression. In the NACT+RT arm, 10% of patients had disease progression whereas 25% of patients had complete pathological response. Transhiatal esophagectomy was performed in 60% of patients in the NACT arm, whereas in the NACT+RT arm, 80% of patients had three-stage esophagectomy. The average surgery duration was numerically greater for the NACT+RT arm; blood loss was also greater. Pulmonary complications and anastomotic leak rate were higher in NACT+RT arm whereas other complications such as hoarseness of voice, and wound dehiscence were higher in the NACT arm.
Conclusion: NACT+RT had better partial and complete response rates and low recurrence rates versus NACT. Post-operative complications were higher in the NACT+RT, especially pulmonary complications and anastomotic leak. Further, large-scale studies are warranted to confirm the efficacy of NACT versus NACT+RT in EC.
Comparison of Baska mask and I-gel with endotracheal tube in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Avijit Gain  , Suchismita Mallick  , Sujata Ghosh  , Sarbari Swaika  , Uday Sankar Mandal  , Arpita Choudhury
Published: February 2024

Background: Supraglottic airway devices are frequently used instead of endotracheal intubation in laparoscopic surgeries. Two such devices, I-gel (IG) and Baska mask (BM), have been compared with respect to their sealing properties and leak fraction (LF) in comparison to the endotracheal tube.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study is to compare the performance of IG and BM with endotracheal tube in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized trial, 84 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were randomized to group (endotracheal tube [ETT], n=28), group BM (BM, n=28), or group IG (IG, n=28). All the patients received standard general anesthesia and the airway was maintained with either of three devices. The primary outcomes were the difference in the LF and airway sealing pressure (ASP) at different time points before and after pneumoperitoneum. Secondary outcomes were insertion-time, number of insertion attempts, and gastric insufflations. Heart rate and blood pressure were recorded. Complications such as sore throat, coughing, laryngospasm, blood staining of the device, and aspiration were noted.
Results: P-values of LF of the three groups at time points T- after insertion (Ti), T-after pneumoperitoneum (Tp), and T- after peritoneal deflation (Tr) were 0.000 each and P-values of ASP at those time points were 0.000 each, respectively. Insertion time was significantly less for IG than ET (P<0.001). Heart rate and blood pressure showed P-values at Ti and Tp (P=0.004 and 0.000).
Conclusion: It was concluded that IG or BM can maintain an airway with adequate seal and were not associated with any incidence of aspiration or laryngospasm. IG placement was found to be easier whereas the ease of ventilation was noted with BM.
Evaluation of perioperative complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: An observational analysis with clinical implications
Authors: Pathlavath Swapna Rathod  , Madhulika Koormala  , Nikhila Choalla  , Indira Priyadarshini CH
Published: February 2024

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) poses significant perioperative risks, yet limited research exists to quantify these complications.
Aims and Objectives: The study aims to fill this gap by investigating a variety of perioperative complications in OSA patients. The primary objective was to assess the types and prevalence of perioperative complications across diverse surgical procedures.
Materials and Methods: A cohort of 100 OSA patients undergoing different surgical interventions was monitored prospectively. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and logistic regression were employed to evaluate the data.
Results: In this cohort study involving 100 OSA patients, 57% experienced at least one perioperative complication, most commonly postoperative hypoxemia (23%), cardiac events (18%), and delirium (12%). The mean age for those with complications was 56 years, significantly higher than the 52 years for those without complications (P<0.05). Abdominal surgeries were particularly associated with hypoxemia (P<0.05), while pre-existing cardiac conditions predisposed to cardiac events (P<0.01). Older patients (>60) were more prone to delirium (P<0.05). Complication severity varied, with 29 mild, 20 moderate, and 8 severe cases requiring an intensive care unit. Diabetes and hypertension emerged as significant predictors, with odds ratios of 2.5 and 2.8, respectively (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study highlights the substantial risk of perioperative complications among OSA patients, especially those with certain pre-existing conditions, older age, or undergoing specific types of surgeries. The findings suggest the need for specialized perioperative care plans for these patients to mitigate the risks.
Torsion of wandering spleen presenting as acute abdomen: A case report
Authors: Surya Prakash  , Pankaj Saunakiya  , Gouthaman S  , Abhishek Kumar Yadav  , Sandeep Kumawat
Published: February 2024

Wandering spleen is a very rare condition characterized by the absence or weakness of one or more ligaments holding the spleen in its normal position. “Acquired” wandering spleen may occur during adulthood due to injuries or other underlying conditions that may weaken the ligaments that hold the spleen in its normal position. Torsion of a wandering spleen is an unusual cause of an acute abdomen and is rarely diagnosed preoperatively. Associated torsion of the distal pancreas is even more uncommon. We report a patient with torsion of a wandering spleen and distal pancreas presenting as acute abdomen with lower abdominal lump who was further diagnosed and managed.
A case of ostium secundum atrial septal defect for major decompressive spine surgery – covering the paths still left untreaded
Authors: Nidhi Sultania  , Priyanka Bansal  , Kunal Bansal
Published: February 2024

Atrial septal defect (ASD) accounts for 35% of all congenital heart diseases in adults. Patients usually present in their twenties or thirties owing to gradually progressive right ventricular remodeling because of left to right shunt, right-sided heart failure, and pulmonary hypertension. In this case report, we present the management of young female patient with ASD posted for D5 spine decompression and fixation. Patients with congenital heart disease for spine surgery present with unique set of challenges for anesthesiologists. Well-prepared anesthesia plan is essential to prevent increase in shunt fraction, shunt reversal, hypoxia, hypercapnia, acidosis, and hypothermia along with careful addressal of positioning issues to ensure smooth recovery of patient.
Study of biofilm formation among uropathogens isolated from catheter-associated UTI patient from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Retina Paul  , Saha Priyanka , Kuhu Pal  , Avi Kapoor  , Arpita Sinha  , Joydip Roy
Published: February 2024

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is a serious health threat and challenging infection. CAUTI accounts for up to 40% of all nosocomial infections. Biofilm provides a survival strategy to microorganisms and ultimately leads to re-infections and recurrence of urinary tract infections (UTI) despite a full course of antibiotics.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of CAUTI in suspected UTI patients and prevalence of biofilm-forming uropathogens among CAUTI patients.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was done over a period of 6 months among 95 catheterized CAUTI patients. Biofilm production among isolated uropathogens was tested by tissue culture plate, tube test, and congo red agar method. Isolates were identified as biofilm producer if they were tested positive by any one of the all four methods, and isolates were considered biofilm non-producer in consensus with all four methods.
Results: In this study, the prevalence of CAUTI was 68.42%. Among 65 isolates most common uropathogen was 28 (43.07%) Escherichia coli. In this present study, the prevalence of biofilm-forming uropathogens was 58.46% (38). Tissue culture plate was the most sensitive (97.36%) method in detecting biofilm formation followed by modified congo red agar (82.21%), congo red agar (71.05%), and tube test (65.78%). Biofilm productions were significantly associated with female gender, diabetes, and prolonged catheterization.
Conclusion: Indwelling urinary catheter acts as a nidus for biofilm formation among microorganisms. Duration of catheterization is inversely associated with UTI. Hence, the need for catheter removal should be assessed daily to prevent infection. Periodic surveillance should be done to detect biofilm formation where prolonged catheterization is inevitable.
Comparative study on ultrasonic placental grading among normotensive pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension and its correlation with fetal outcome
Authors: Pratima Garain  , Sannyasi Charan Barman  , Priyanka Mandal  , Patra Kajal Kumar , Kishore P Madhwani
Published: February 2024

Background: Placenta is essential for the fetal well-being, growth, and development which can be evidenced as early as possible through ultrasound at 6 weeks of gestation. The placenta mediates the intrauterine interaction between a mother and her baby.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to compare the pattern of placental grading among normotensive and pre-eclampsia mothers in a tertiary care hospital.
Materials and Methods: This hospital-based observational analytical study has been conducted in the labor ward and outpatient department of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital from April 2021 to September 2022. A total of 69 pre-eclampsia mothers (study group) and 69 normotensive mothers (control group) who fulfill inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Template was generated and analysis was done on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.
Results: A total of 138 pregnant women with 69 pregnant normotensive and 69 pregnant preeclampsia mothers were included in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 21.3 years (standard deviation=3.6). About 81.2% and 89.9% of the normotensive and hypertensive mothers, respectively, resided in rural areas. Cesarean/instrumental delivery was higher among the hypertensive pregnant women (42.0%) when compared to normotensive pregnant women (27.5%) and it was found to be statistically significant. Birth asphyxia was observed to be higher among the neonates in the hypertensive group (15.9%) when compared to the normotensive group (4.3%) and it was found to be statistically significant. Neonatal intensive care unit admission was more among the neonates of the mother with hypertension and it was found to be statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the birth weight of the newborn with the placental grading among the normotensive pregnant women.
Conclusion: Ultrasonographic placental grading could be used as a screening tool for antepartum fetal surveillance in the obstetric population. Placental grading will help us to early diagnosis and to formulate line of management and timely intervention to reduce maternal and perinatal complications.
Immunohistochemical expression of p53, beta-catenin, and PD-L1 in colorectal carcinoma with respect to grade and stage-an observational study in a tertiary care center
Authors: Sanghamitra Mukherjee  , Sucharita Sarkar  , Rena Guha  , Palash Kumar Mandal  , Meghadipa Mandal
Published: February 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has consistently shown a global rise in incidence. p53 exerts regulatory function in signaling processes, with the p53 mutation accelerating the late stage of colorectal carcinogenesis. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint regulator whose role in targeted therapy of CRCs needs to be evaluated. Beta-catenin plays a fundamental role in cell adhesion, with long-term effects on disease progression and survival. A detailed evaluation of all these factors is essential to tailoring new therapeutic approaches in advanced-stage cases.
Aims and Objectives: To study the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of p53, PD-L1, and beta-catenin in different histologic grades and stages of colorectal carcinomas.
Materials and Methods: A total of 29 cases of segmental colectomy were included in the study population. Tumor sections were sent for IHC study of p53, PD-L1, and beta-catenin and interpreted as per standard protocol. Findings were tabulated against the histologic grade and stages of CRCs. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 25.0 to test for statistical significance at P<0.05.
Results: The study population predominantly consisted of males (66%), mainly in the age group of 46–60 years. p53 was significantly more expressed in left colonic tumors. PD-L1 expression was also significantly associated with histologic grade and nodal metastasis. High beta-catenin expression was seen in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas and lower T and N-stage disease. Positive p53 also correlated with positive PD-L1 expression. However, expression of p53 was also high in tumors with low beta-catenin expression.
Conclusion: p53, PD-L1, and beta-catenin may have a role in prognostication and predicting long-term survival outcomes in CRC cases. These may also act as potential therapeutic targets with a more detailed evaluation and a larger sample size of CRC cases.
Demographic pattern and histopathological profile of neuroendocrine neoplasms diagnosed at a tertiary care center in North East India
Authors: Bifica Sofia Lyngdoh  , Vandana Raphael  , Khonglah Yookarin , Mishra Jaya , Marbaniang Evarisalin , Dey Biswajit
Published: February 2024

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NENs) are a group heterogenous group of tumors that can arise in any organ in the body and have a wide range of aggressiveness.
Aims and Objective: To compare the frequency of NENs in our setup to those reported in the literature to age, site, and degree of differentiation by doing a retrospective study.
Materials and Methods: Cases of NENs that were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, in our hospital over the past 5 years were studied considering the age, location, and degree of differentiation. A fresh panel of immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted for those cases where IHC was not done.
Results: A total of 46 cases of NENs were reviewed. About 56.5% (26 cases) were males and 43.5% (20 cases) were females, with a median age of 46 years. In our study, most of the tumors are found in the gastro-entero-pancreatico-hepatobilliary group followed by the NENs of the endocrine gland (21.7%) and broncho-pulmonary group (15.2%). NENs were graded based on mitotic count and/or Ki-67 labeling index, and/or the presence of necrosis. In total 21 cases (45.7%) had G1 grading, 7 cases (15.2%) had G2 grading, 2 cases (4.3%) had a G3 grading, and 16 cases (34.7%) were graded as neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Conclusion: As the majority of the studies do not include benign NENs and those arising from the endocrine glands, therefore comparison of our results can be difficult. This is the first attempt to study the NENs from North East India and to analyze their clinicopathological features.
A cross-sectional study on incidence and indications for induction of labor and the factors associated with failure of induction
Authors: Kalpana N  , Manvi MR
Published: February 2024

Background: Induction fails in about 20% of induced pregnancies and has no universally accepted definition. Failed induction is the failure to establish labor or inability to achieve the active stage of labor, considering the definition of induction of labor (IOL). It needs to be differentiated from the failure of progress of labor. There is no evidence to recommend treatment for failed induction, but usually, delivery by cesarean section will be required.
Aims and Objectives: The study was designed to start induction for an indication that justifies operative delivery in cases of failure.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was done over a period of 1 year among antenatal women confirmed to be at term with cephalic presentation in the absence of active labor with unscarred uterus.
Results: The incidence of IOL was found to be 25.97% and failure was observed in 50 (21.83%) of those included in the study. Among those with failure, failed pre-induction ripening was seen in 26 (11.3%) and failed induction in 24 (10.4%). Although many variables were found to be associated with the outcome of labor, a statistically significant association was observed with premature rupture of membranes, pre-induction Bishop score, and birth weight of the baby.
Conclusion: The study helps in better clinical judgment of patients who will have a successful induction or a failed induction and the patients could be counseled accordingly. This judgment will also help to avoid unnecessary inductions in those who have the risk factors for failed induction unless the induction is absolutely necessary.
Competencia de la ley de protección de datos en las compañías de la provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: Muzzio Arguello Javier Maurucio
Published: February 2024

Este artículo se centra en la importancia de la estrategia de cumplimiento en protección de datos y analiza las regulaciones más relevantes que impactan la privacidad de los usuarios. El objetivo es comprender el alcance global del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (GDPR), explorar las leyes de protección de datos en los Estados Unidos y resaltar la relevancia de la regulación CPS 234 en Australia. La estrategia de cumplimiento es crucial para salvaguardar la confidencialidad y privacidad de los datos de los usuarios, asegurando el cumplimiento de las normativas y fortaleciendo la reputación de las organizaciones. En un mundo cada vez más regulado y digitalmente conectado, la inversión en una estrategia sólida de protección de datos no solo previene posibles multas, sino que también establece bases seguras para el futuro y genera confianza entre los clientes.
Presentación del decano
Authors: Rojas Tuya Santiago Fidel
Published: February 2024

Con especial satisfacción presento la segunda edición 2023 de la revista Perfiles de Ingeniería. La ingeniería cumple un rol fundamental en el desarrollo del país en la medida en que busca soluciones a los problemas y desafíos que enfrentamos actualmente, desde el cambio climático, la automatización de los sectores productivos, hasta la transformación digital. Por ese motivo, con un alto sentido de la responsabilidad, la Universidad se ha comprometido con la calidad de la enseñanza de esta área del conocimiento, así como con su constante innovación, mediante el incremento de las investigaciones y su consecuente publicación.
CONTEMPORARY UKRAINIAN COMPUTATIONAL DICTIONARIES: HISTORY, ACHIEVEMENTS, AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Davydenko Viktoriia I.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the factors that led to the emergence of Applied Linguistics, Computational Linguistics, and Computational Lexicography – these are the processes of global digitalization of the world, the expansion of the scale of the scientific and technical revolution in the field of information systems and computer communication, the formation of the knowledge industry, requests on the development of radically new means of creating, storing, transforming and searching for information, as well as the integration of scientific fields. It is noted that at the beginning of the 21st century, lexicography incorporated centuries-old experience of theoretical linguistics and practical linguistics in the works of lexicography, and on the other hand, it received unprecedented development prospects associated with the use of computer technologies. It is emphasized that the social significance of lexicographic products is currently growing steadily. Modern science strives to embody all aspects of acquired knowledge in dictionary form, because dictionaries not only record the totality of certain knowledge, but also serve as a reliable tool for scientific mastering of reality. The works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the specific topic were analysed. It has been proven that computational dictionaries as a type of social, research or educational communication are the most popular reference materials, a source of access to any type of information (technical, encyclopaedic, linguistic, etc.) due to the fixation of the modern level of knowledge, completeness, accuracy, reliability, a systematic approach to the organization and presentation of knowledge, accessibility, extreme “comfort” for use, etc. Dictionary works are also the goal and result of scientific work on linguistic and technical issues.