bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systems Scientific Analysis of Architecture Adaptability Design
Authors: Su Hong Zhi
Published: March 2015

Architecture is the arena on which man's life unfolds, due to the constant changes taking place in life, deformability is demanded to increase the adaptability of modern Architecture. Thus, to achieve such deformability, research on the systematic hierarchy of architectures is carried out; indicating that the hierarchies are the intermediary of the inner transformation of the architecture and the formation process of architecture system is a process of gradual differentiation. With the development of the gradual differentiation process, the flexibility of architecture begins to fail while increasing its determinacy. The key point determining the adaptability of architectures lies in the inter-transformation between the various levels of sub-hierarchy systems. According to the complexity and hierarchy of the transformation, categorization and analysis with future study on the performance manifestation of architectural adaptability design are implemented.
The Analysis for Sustainable Development of Architectural Design
Authors: Liu Su Fang , Zheng Fang Yuan , Wang Wei
Published: March 2015

Being sustainable development of construction,is an important issue which architecture design is facing. This paper will discuss aspects from importance of sustainable architectural design, sustainable building theory, design concept and method, concludes that only a balanced architecture and nature of the ecological environment relationaship, can lead to turely sustainable construction.
Analysis on the Color Design of Hospital Landscape
Authors: Qin Si Ying
Published: March 2015

The hospital is a medical establishments, the environment color has a great influence to the patient's physical and mental rehabilitation and medical staff working enthusiasm. Color in the hospital environment design for hospital environment has a special role. Color can have an effect on people's psychological, emotional reaction, can make the patients have the joyful, so as to achieve the effect of adjuvant therapy. Comfortable environment color also can stimulate the medical staff's creativity and enthusiasm, make them very good help the rehabilitation of the patients. Through the analysis of color on human physiological and psychological effect, combined with the hospital landscape color application example, advocate in the hospital landscape design in the rational use of color elements, in view of the different patient needs to create a different space, make the hospital landscape more humane, complex play a supporting role for medical rehabilitation.
The Comprehensive Evaluation of Spacial Layouts for Public Facilities
Authors: Zhang Yi Hong
Published: March 2015

The method to evaluate spacial schemes for public facilities is weighted average method, which was deduced to evaluate the spacial schemes of primary schools in Yuter community, and select the best one. For this purpose, investment coefficient, distance coefficient and enrolment proportion were introduced as the variables. According to the addition rule and the multiplication rule, the optimal scheme is the layout with one school. This weighted average method is effective and easy to be implemented in evaluation of spacial layout.
Tourism in Ligurian Coastal System: Multy-Micro-Reality and Valences
Authors: Nan Emanuela
Published: March 2015

Design and management of the different scenarios that define the Mediterranean coasts are not decisive today only the needs and desires of the inhabitants stable, but also, and increasingly, the identification and understanding of the perspectives and exchange of logic that are imposed by new needs and sensitivities of those flows and uses only temporarily and partially these spatiality.The various forms that tourism has acquired in recent years, in this context logic of flux, become redemption opportunities and new enhancement for micro-local worlds in the structuring of circuits and tourist fruition both spatially and temporally alternative to large seasonal migrations of mass tourism.The particular context of Ligurian coastal defined by a varied and complex network of micro-urban realities in a space severely limited, constrained between sea and mountains, makes this crock of settlements to serve as a system variable devices and multi-faceted , nodes of a complex system based on variously interconnected circuits, compared to which spatial and territories become a platform for the independent choice of the user may at any time not only to choose and change, but also to trace and define, in its own use, according to their own personal and intimate aspirations and interests and desires, through its act and feel, new geographies.
Urban Planning in Resource-Based Cities Based on Ecological Footprint and Ecological Carrying Capacity
Authors: Zhang Meng , Lu Zhao Hua , Zhu Jin Fang , Tan Fei Fei
Published: March 2015

Most of resource-based cities (RBC) are the result of resource-based industrialization processes and were built on mining areas, leading to heterogeneous composition and distribution of urban areas which were lacking of proper urban planning guidance. The unique urbanization processes in RBC resulted in severe fragmentation of habitats and environmental exacerbation and generated negative impacts to human well-being. In this research, an assessment model based on ecological footprint (EF) and ecological carrying capacity (EC) was used to detect the trend of urbanization in Tangshan city. In this model, we created four new indicators which could enrich EF and EC with economic and social dimensions, and categorized six types of ecological footprints into three main kinds of ecological footprints. The results indicated that (a) the EF per capita and the EC per capita have had enormous increment and decrement respectively; (b) ecological tension and ecological occupancy presented a constant increasing trend while the ecological sustainability was continuously decreasing in this period; and (c) almost all of the six indicators were in an unbalanced status in the comprehensive grading system worldwide. We suggest that (a) a diversified energy consumption structure and an energy-saving urban system should be accomplished in the future urban regulation; (b) any shrinkage of fisheries should be avoided in the future urban regulation, and coastal protection and offshore fishing should be prioritized.
Analysis Principles of Landscape Design Small City
Authors: Zhang Bian Ling
Published: March 2015

The status quo of China's small urban landscape design were analyzed and summarized the relevant principles of landscape design. Advocated the use of "anti-planning" theory, starting from the geographical features, historical context and ecological construction, to create a harmonious and beautiful and pleasant small city landscape image Habitat landscape environment, so that small urban landscape toward crafting, ecological harmony sustainable development and the direction of development.
A Case Study of Green Ecological Urban District in Nanning Wuxiang New District
Authors: Li Lin , He Jiang , Li Da Yao
Published: March 2015

With the deterioration of the global environment, to explore the low-carbon, ecological, green development in urban construction has won the consensus of the world. A green ecological urban district is at the meso-level of a green city. This paper analyzes the development of green ecological urban districts in China. As a case study, the current situation and planning shortages in one of national green ecological urban districts (Wuxiang New District in Nanning) are described. Suggestions for implementing green ecological urban district planning in the study district are also proposed in the paper.
Reliability Analysis of Saddle-Shaped Cable Structure
Authors: Li Bin , Liu Zhan Sheng , He Jian , Xu Rui Long
Published: March 2015

Saddle-shaped cable structure is a new form of prestressed structure. Its reliability need to be analyzed for a new type structure. According to the different failure modes, the finite element model of prestressed steel structure is established. By using APDL language, the program is created. Finally, the reliability index of the model for different failure modes is got by reliability analysis. The results Provides reference basis for mechanics performance evaluation of prestressed structure.
Discussion on the Development of Energy Performance Contracting in the Field of Building Energy Saving
Authors: Li Yu Jia , Wang Jie , Li Jing Fei
Published: March 2015

This paper mainly focuses on the application of Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) in building sector and also makes some analysis and discussions on its development. Combining with the characteristics of China’s EPC in building sector, this paper analyses and elaborates on the obstacles that we may face in the process of its development, puts forward some suggestions on the basis of comprehensive analysis, in order to provide reference for the development of China’s EPC on architectural field.
Thermal Comfort Test and Analysis of an Office Building in Winter
Authors: Wu Xin Yu , Li Rui , Yao Xu Hui , Wang Li Xin
Published: March 2015

In this paper, an office building's indoor environmental parameters in winter are tested and its comfort and its influencing factors are analyzed. The study used a thermal comfort equipment to obtain parameters including dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, black ball temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. Then these parameters are available to calculate PMV-PPD. The results showed that the range of PMV mean value is from-0.83 to 0.58 and the range of PPD mean value is from 8 % to 22 %.
Evaluation Method for Energy Saving Effect of Reflective Thermal Insulation Coatings
Authors: Feng Meng Ping , Qian Xiao Qian , Zhu Yao Tai , Ruan Fang
Published: March 2015

According to the climate and energy saving characteristics in the hot summer and cold winter zone, especially in view of requirements for thermal insulation in summer, reflective thermal insulation coatings (RTIc) are gradually applied in building energy efficiency of exterior envelope. A feasible evaluation method for energy saving effect is very important for acceptance of energy efficient building construction. In this paper, thermal resistance has been used as the evaluation index. The energy efficiency of the reflective thermal insulation coatings was investigated. Four hot boxes were applied contrast test. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of electricity consumption within 36 hours and comparative analysis of heating process simulating sunlight environment, thermal resistance of RTIc can be calculated on the basis of the correlation between power saving rate and thermal resistance so that energy saving effect of RTIc can be quantitatively characterized.
Multiple Scales Analysis and Assessment of Environmental Air Quality in Tianjin
Authors: Li Ming Chang , Si Qi , Wang Ying , Zhu Jian Hua
Published: March 2015

Following the development of regional economy, especially the construction of Tianjin Binhai new district, environmental pollution and ecological hazards has been resulted from the pollutant discharge and reclamation etc. The environmental air quality is very important for the health of human being, so it is very important for analyzing and evaluating the environmental air quality for guiding the environmental management and control. In this paper, the environmental air quality of recent fourteen years in Tianjin is analyzed. Multiple scales method is applied to obtain the environmental air current situation. The results of analysis and assessment show the environmental air quality is becoming worse in recent years.
Study on Carbon Balance Impact of Different Tree Configuration
Authors: Wang Ting
Published: March 2015

The use of biomass for fuel will also reduce cost by avoiding the need to reduce the forest fuel loads for fire related implications. The unused woody residue which normally would be a source of C through natural is decay. Since the order of magnitude of estimate for the amount of biomass required for reduction in C emissions was within the range of coal-biomass feed systems, it is reasonable to assume that existing technology is adequate for the option. Thus, in forest management is an important factor to consider is the present and future ability to isolate C from the atmosphere. In this paper, the carbon balance of biological systems in the design, testing the effect of different plant configuration management solutions is simulated.
Shear Capacity Research on Transversely Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Liu Can
Published: March 2015

Inner transverse prestressed bars were used to enhance the shear capacity of concrete beams in this paper, which can be used in transformer beams to reduce the sectional size. Two transversely prestressed one ordinary concrete beams were tested and calculated by finite element method, and the following conclusions can be drawn: (a)The shear capacity of transversely prestressed concrete beam increase rapidly with the increase of the prestressing force level, which means that prestressing force level has a great influence on the shear capacity of transversely prestressed concrete beam. (b) The transverse prestressing bars can efficiently enhance the anti-crack performance of the reinforced concrete beams.
Shear Performance of FRP-Retrofitted Masonry Wall with Structural Columns
Authors: Lei Zhen , Wang Yong , Qu Jun Tong
Published: March 2015

To overcome the shortcoming of unreinforced masonry (URM) structure, structural columns are added in its construction to avoid the sudden collapse. This kind of structures still suffers different degrees of damage in the earthquake. This paper assesses the in-plane shear behavior of masonry walls with structural columns retrofitted with FRP (fiber reinforced polymer). The tests of two half-scaled masonry walls under cyclic loading have been carried out. One wall was served as reference specimen without any retrofitting scheme. Another specimen was tested to the pre-defined damage level and then strengthened with FRP sheets in mixed retrofitted configuration. The shear behavior of retrofitted specimen was discussed and compared with the reference in the aspect of lateral shear strength, maximum displacement and energy dissipation.
Analyzing Fracture Behavior of Beam-Column Joints Using Micromechanical Fracture Models
Authors: Zhang Chen , Sun Yu Ping , Zhang Ju Tao , Gu Yu
Published: March 2015

The micromechanical fracture models were used to study the fracture behavior of the welded connection and welded-bolted connection joints. The Void Growth Model was implemented in commercial finite element software ABAQUS through the user-defined subroutines. The results predicted that cracks initiated at the edge of the welds and extended along the length and thickness of the welds. Comparing the effects of equivalent plastic strain and stress triaxiality for the fracture of the first failure element of both beam-to-column joints, we found that the equivalent plastic strain grew linearly as the loads increased and the weld of the lower flange generated cracks when the stress triaxiality increased at maximum value.
Study on Dynamic Responses and Reinforcement of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Blast Loading
Authors: Du Hao , Liu Chun Hua
Published: March 2015

The terrorism and regional conflicts posed a threat to the world peace. Some terrorist explosions caused collapse of the buildings, which brought heavy tragedies to the human components. Therefore research on damage of structural components and resistance to damage have become the focus of our attention. Finite element software LS-DYNA was applied to simulating the response of reinforced concrete columns under blast loading. And analysis on dynamic response under different loading period was carried out. By studying on the stress and strain of reinforced concrete columns subjected to blast loading, the possible failure modes were obtained. In addition, the bearing capacities of concrete columns that are reinforced with carbon fiber and steel panel were analyzed, and the reinforcement effects were compared to provide reasonable reinforcement schemes for structures blast-resistant design.
The Design and Mechanical Properties Research of Stretching and Anchoring Integrated Anchorage for Prestressed FRP Reinforcing Steel Pipline
Authors: Lu Yi , Zhang Yu , Jia Bin , Liu Chun Yu , Deng Can
Published: March 2015

Because of the existence of “loads second time effect” in reinforceing damaged internal pressure steel pipeline without prestressed FRP, the fiber cannot fully play it’s advantage of high strength. Prestressed FRP is one of the effective ways to solve this problem. According to the BFRP reinforcement of damaged internal pressure steel pipeline, this paper designed a set of the circumferential prestress stretching and anchoring integral anchorage. And tested the conversion relation between torque and stress of BFRP sheet.
Performance Evaluation of a Transmission Tower Subjected to Base Settlement
Authors: Wu Yi Jiang , Meng Qing Dong , Wang Gan Jun
Published: March 2015

The simulation of support settlement of a transmission angle-tower is actively carried out in this study based on the actual structural damage events. The mechanical model of the transmission angle-tower is developed based on the spatial member finite element approach. The finite element model of the transmission tower-line system is constructed by taking a real 220KV transmission tower as an example. The support settlement of the tower is analyzed and the collected information are utilized in the structural finite element analysis. The made observations indicate that the support settlement may induce large structural internal forces, which may induce potential disk to the structural safety.
Damage Localization for a Continuous Beam by the Displacement Variation
Authors: Zhu Jia Wei , Zhou Dan Ting , Yang Qiu Wei
Published: March 2015

Using the static displacement data, this paper presented a damage localization method for a continuous beam. This method is based on the estimation of changes in the static displacements of the structure. The most significant advantage of the method is that it does not require development of an analytical model of the structure being tested. All predictions are made directly from the measurments taken on the structure. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated using simulated data of a three-span continuous beam. The results showed that the region in which the displacement variation is maximum is the damaged region for the continuous beam. Regardless of damages being small or large, the proposed method can identify locations of structural damages accurately only using the displacement changes under the applied static load. The proposed procedure is economical for computation and simple to implement. The presented scheme may be useful for damage localization of the continuous beam.
3D Simulation Analysis of Sedimentation of Superhigh Fill
Authors: Song Bi Hong , Yang Jin Chao , Chen Qing , Chen Jian Hua , Li Da
Published: March 2015

The sedimentation deformation of superhigh fill in the mountainous areas is very complicated in law, and will be influenced the topographic relief, and it is specially outstanding for the sedimentation of high-fill project. For the significant project such as airport and road base, in order to guarantee the safe operation of the project during use, it is required to strictly control the post-construction and uneven sedimentation. Therefore, the stability of superhigh fill has become the key to influence the safety and stable operation of projects. In this paper, a simulated calculation is conducted to the ultrahigh fill of expansion project of an airport in Chongqing to analyze its stability, so as to provide references for the project design and construction.
Analysis of Shear Test for Jointed Rock Sample Using DDA Method
Authors: Yu Song , Zhu Wei Shen , Zhou Hao , Zhang Dun Fu
Published: March 2015

Based on a shear test for jointed rock sample conducted by former study, a numerical improved method DDARF is carried out to simulate the shear test. The simulation result of shear fracture phenomenon show high compatibility with the model test. Different fracture phenomenon and peak strength value of shear testing are explored in the condition of different colinnear and ladder echelon arrangement of cracks.
Application of Grouting Technology in the Geotechnical Engineering
Authors: Miao Qiang Qiang , Zhu Qing Qing , Jiang Shu Ping
Published: March 2015

Through detailed investigation to development status of grouting technique, summarizes the classification of geotechnical grouting technology, selection of materials grouting, Finally, by anchoring engineering and tunneling engineering described in detail grouting process，grouting order, grouting parameters and grouting end standard in the geotechnical engineering application，This research has practical guidance and theoretical reference value for similar projects.
Construction Technology of Rigid-Flexible Composite Piles for Reinforced Thick Overburden and Deep-Buried Soft Soil
Authors: Wang Xin Quan , Cui Yun Liang , Liang Jian Feng , Zhang Shi Min , Tan Yi Qun , Guan Yu Feng , Gu Guang Hai
Published: March 2015

By adopting the conventional pile foundation to treat the area of thick overburden on soft soil, the reinforcing effect can’t meet the use requirement: by adopting the bulk material pile, the lower pile body strength can’t be ensured, and by adopting the cemented soil mixing pile for reinforcing, the pile is difficult to form and the reinforcing depth can’t meet the requirement. This paper aims to overcome the defects of the conventional construction method by adopting different materials to treat, namely, the concrete rigid pile is adopted for reinforcing the soft soil layer with poor soil body quality and the cement mortar flexible pile is adopted for reinforcing the overburden with excellent soil body quality, therefore not only the reinforcing effect is ensured, but also the construction cost is saved.
Method of Estimating the Foundation Settlement under Different Working Conditions through Settlement Measurement
Authors: Liu Ai Min , ZhuGe Ai Jun
Published: March 2015

In the large-area soft foundation reinforcement project, the loading process is relatively complicated and the preloading load is not consistent with the service load in most cases; thus the conventional settlement curve fitting method cannot nicely predict the post-construction settlement of foundation under the service load. The back analysis method can be used to obtain the calculation parameters, so the settlement and consolidation conditions under various different loads at different time can be calculated and the foundation settlement hereby can be estimated exactly.
Model Tests Research on Extruding Soil Caused by Close-Mouth Step Cross-Section Pipe Pile
Authors: Yang Qing Guang , Tian Jie , Liu Jie , Wang Ya Hui
Published: March 2015

To study extruding soil caused of close-mouth step cross-section pipe Pile, model experimentals of five static piling tests with two constant cross-section pipe piles and three step cross-scetion pipe piles are performed in lab respectively and some observation points are installed for heave amount and horizontal displacement of soil surface around piles before tests.Results show that penetration resistance improved linearly with increasing of length of pile in soil and there has a turning point which become more and more obviously with increasing of average diameter of step cross-section pipe pile after the pile length in soil is 70cm.Comparing with uniform cross-section pipe pile, penetration resistance per unit volume is more bigger and increases with improving of variable cross-section ratio to step cross-section pipe pile.The swelling-up amount of soil around step cross-section pipe pile increases firstly, then decreases secondly ,and increases finally. Camparing with uniform cross-section pipe pile, the maximum heaves have 51.0% and 44.6% reduce respectively to setp cross-section pipe pile and the position of largest heaves moved from 1.0d to 1.5d.Moreover, the largest horizontal displacements have 24.6% and 26.9% reduce respectively to step cros-section pipe pile and the point of largest horizontal displacement moved from 2.0d to 2.5d.
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis for Stress and Deformation of CFRD
Authors: Ding Shu Yun , Huang Zhi Quan , Yu Shi Ming
Published: March 2015

Based on Duncan-Chang’s E-B constitutive material model, the finite element calculating model for a CFRD was established, and has obtained the stress-strain distribution and variety rule at the dam and the face slab in construction period and water store period. The calculation results show that: the stress-deformation behavior of the dam is normal, the deformation values within the acceptable range; the shear failure for the dam is almost impossible; stress concentration and tensile loading on small principal stress was exist on small range of the dam foundation covered by toe slab; the substantially change of water level has great effect on the deformation and camber of the face slabs; the faults structures in dam foundation only has affect the stress distribution of the foundation, but has weak impact of the stress and deformation of the dam body.
Numerical Analysis on the Excess Pore Water Pressure of Pipe-Pile with Hole during the Static-Sinking Pile
Authors: Chen Ke Lin , Lei Jin Bo , Liu Zhi
Published: March 2015

The time-space change rules of the environmental effects of the analysis of excess pore water pressure dissipation have also been studied during the static sinking-pile of the pipe-pile with hole. The results show: The excess pore water pressure will be dissipated with the time extending during the static sinking-pile of the 3 kinds of pipe-pole with hole. On the condition of the same effective radius, the depth of the observation dot is bigger, the excess pore water pressure will be bigger. On the contrast to the pipe-pole without hole, to some extent, the pipe-pole with hole can reduce the maximum of excess pore water pressure, and expedite the excess pore water pressure dissipation. This results can be provided the credible base for the theory research on the pipe-pole with hole and its application.
Research on Construction Technology of Three-Dimensional Reinforced Rigid-Flexible Composite Ecological Retaining Wall
Authors: Wang Xin Quan , Cui Yun Liang , Zhang Shi Min , Ge Jian Guang , Wu Xiao Feng
Published: March 2015

The conventional subgrade slope usually adopts masonry protection. As the wall top is difficult to be provided with water proofing, the construction quality can’t be guaranteed. Thus, during the rainy seasons, rain infiltrates downward along the wall body to make the soil body behind the wall to be soaked to settle, which leads to subsurface erosion and finally damages the facing wall and the slope. The masonry retaining wall needs to consume a large amount of stones, and the wall surface can’t be planted, which doesn’t conform to the national requirements on energy-saving and consumption-reducing and ecological highway development. This paper innovates on the conventional retaining wall technology and introduces a newly-researched construction technology of three-dimensional reinforced rigid-flexible composite ecological retaining wall, which greatly improves the integrity and anti-deformation capability of the soil body behind the wall, reduces the subsidiary stress on the foundation base, improves the bearing capacity of the foundation, and the anti-sliding and anti-overturning stability of the retaining wall.
Slurry Improvement by Direct Drainage Vacuum Preloading Method
Authors: Bai Y.Z. , Chen Jian , Cheng Bei
Published: March 2015

Traditional vacuum preloading method has two drainage parts: 1) horizontal drainage part-sand cushion; 2) vertical drainage part-(Prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) and so on). During vacuum preloading process, the drainage effect of horizontal sand cushion is strong near stabilized soil surface and decreases rapidly at deeper position, while drainage range of vertical drain includes whole stabilized soil depth and its drainage ability is higher. So, it is important to improve the drainage design of vacuum preloading system to transmit vacuum head to vertical drain more efficiently. This paper presents a new vacuum preloading method-direct drainage vacuum preloading method (DDVP method). Compared with traditional vacuum preloading method, this system cancels horizontal drainage part-sand cushion and uses sealed pipe to directly connect with PVDs. Vacuum head can be transmitted into PVD without attenuation. Field test is applied to study the effect of slurry improvement of this method.
Statistical Analysis of Excavation Model of the Loess Landslide Developmental Characteristics
Authors: Tang Dong Qi , Peng Jiang Bing
Published: March 2015

In recent years, with the increasing of excavation activity, caused the landslide more and more increasing, the landslide occurred gradually aroused public concern. For typical loess landslides caused by excavation, respectively from the distribution features of the landslide, landslide characteristics after wall, slope high on the impact of landslides and landslides trailing edge fracture characteristics were analyzed. Statistics show that the engineering loess landslides in the distribution respectively are selectivity of landform, strata of selectivity and zonal distribution. The excavation methods are rapid excavation and “eating” excavation. Landslide back wall angle is between 60-80°. The height of the scarp is between 3-20m, controlled by the thickness of the Malan loess. The slope high is more than 60m, with the increase of height. The risk of slide is higher. Trailing edge crack development is “wild goose feather” type and “bilateral ears” type. It provides conditions for trailing edge of evolution.
Study on Settlement after Construction for the High Loess-Filled Embankment
Authors: Hu Ying , Ju Yu Wen , Wang Wen Zheng , Zheng Xue Mei
Published: March 2015

Engineers and researchers pay close attention to high-filled embankment project with loess as its main filler. In order to study its characteristics and settlement rules, a series of laboratory tests on the fillers and in situ observation based on the actual project located in the east central of Taiyuan were made. These work resulted in some settlement curves for the each soil layer. Then some basic physical properties of loess were get at the same time. Observation results were analyzed and the influence of different factors on the settlement curves were discussed.After considering various factors,effective construction suggestions were raised to control the dry density and moisture content in order to decrease the settlement of embankment and improve the quality of the construction.
Study on the Mechanical Property and Failure Model of the Granite Rock under Dynamic Loadings
Authors: Zhang Bin , Bi Teng Fei , Yu Miao
Published: March 2015

The paper used the numerical software of RFPA2D-Dynamic to build the numerical simulation model of the Brazilian disk and study the initiation, propagation, coalescence of the crack and eventually fail through setting different compression stress waves, and analyzed the failure mechanism and process of the rock. The results showed: (1) With the increase of the stress rate, the tensile strengthen of the rock also increases and has a logarithmic growth. (2) Under the higher stress rate, the time of the damage, crack initiation, and coalescence are in advance comparatively. At the same loading time, the damage and failure scale are more obvious. (3) The failure model of the Brazilian disc is splitting along loading path and appears “V-shaped” failure zone at the contact area .
Supporting Measure and the Effect Evaluation of the Unstable Foundation Pit
Authors: Han Shang Yu , Xiong Jing , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2015

It is relatively common that the instability of foundation pit issue in the current process of building construction. Based on an unstable foundation pit engineering, analyzes the effectiveness of the soil nails, anti-slide pile and foundation bottom consolidation three types of support measures by using finite element analysis method. The three types of support measures are proven to be having certain effective to improve the stability of the unstable foundation pit which is based on the study results, and it is more effective by combining with the three types of support measures.
Technique Research on Test of Surrounding Rock Releasing Ring in Crushing Roadway Sight Method
Authors: Li Su Long , He Tian Yu , Zhang Yan Qiu , Li Xu Peng , Ye Shan De
Published: March 2015

According to severe deformation of crossheading surrounding rock of Xinshun Mine 15102# roadway. Sight instrument method is adopted to loose circle test of crossheading surrounding rock, and study the damage range. The study result indicates that the loose circle is about 2.5m~3.0m of 15102# roadway. The loose circle of sides is about 2.4m~2.8m; belong to typical large loose circle. And roof loose circle is a little more than sides. Surrounding rock has some engineering characteristics of soft rock, leading to loose circle rock fragment and expand severely. Increase supporting difficulty. It adopts unite supporting form in the case of surrounding rock.
Uncertainties of Shear Strength Parameters of Soil Reinforced by Plastic Waste
Authors: Nguyen Giang , Hrubesova Eva , Maršálek Jan , Petřík Tomáš , Mohyla Marek
Published: March 2015

In geotechnical practice we often meet the case when soils need to be improved. Various methods for the ground improvement are used in the geotechnical practise. One from methods of soils improvements can use also fiber-shaped waste materials. Such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles are profusely and widely produced, yet used little for engineering purpose, and the overwhelming majority of them are placed in storage or disposal sites.One form expected improvements is increase of soil shear strength parameters which can be obtained by various methods, including laboratory tests. Determination of soil shear strength parameters by DST is still extensively used. In this paper we will deal with soil shear strength parameters of soil without and with plastic chips and their uncertainty. Uncertainties of shear strength parameters of soil without or with plastic chips are not negligible.
Assessment on Thermal Displacement of a Cable-Stayed Footbridge
Authors: Xia Fei , Bai Ying Hua , Chen Bo , Fan Xiao Fei
Published: March 2015

The thermal displacement of a large scale footbridge is investigated in this study through numerical simulation. With appropriate assumption, the temperature field of the footbridge is simplified and divided into several components. Fine finite element models are constructed for the deck plate, bridge section, and bridge tower to calculate the structural thermal effects. The made observations indicate that the thermal deformation of the bridge tower is much larger than that of the deck due to the cable sag under temperature increase.
Detailed Numerical Analysis for Overturning of Concrete Box-Girder Bridges with Single-Column Piers
Authors: Cheng Kun , Tang Guo Bin , Shen Kun
Published: March 2015

A detailed FE model for analysis of overturning of concrete box-girder bridge with single-column piers was developed and the failure process was discussed in the presented paper. The result shows that the reason for overturning failure is the non-uniform compression deformation of the loading-side bearing caused by the eccentric external load, which then leads to a large rotating angel of supper structure. Once the friction force between Teflon plate and steel plate in the bearing cannot carry the diagonal component caused by the gravity load and external load, the sliding failure occurs. Based on the simplified mechanical analysis, the condition that bridge overturning occurs is that the tangent value of the rotating angle of box girder is greater than the friction coefficient between Teflon plate and steel plate in rubber bearing.
Influence of Longitudinal Cracks in Bottom Flange of Concrete Continuous Box Girder
Authors: Chen Ling , Tang Guo Bin
Published: March 2015

Longitudinal crack in bottom flange is one of the most common defects in concrete box girder bridges. This paper focuses on the influence of the longitudinal cracks on the mechanical properties of box girder using numerical method. Smear crack model and strain softening model was employed to simulate cracking process. Parameter analysis was also carried out to study the effect of length, crack depth and amounts of cracks in bottom flange. The results indicate longitudinal cracks in one span have a significant effect on the transverse stress and deflection, but have little effect on the other spans. The negative effects of longitudinal cracks increase with the crack length and depth. When the crack length is up to 10% of the girder span, the deflection of the span amplifies to 13%. Compared with the length and depth, the amounts of cracks don’t have much influence on the deformation of girder but affect stress.
Key Technology Study for Widened Continuous Hollowcore Slab Bridge
Authors: Peng Ke Ke
Published: March 2015

The key technology for widen continuous hollowcore slab bridge with long unit is improved. Taking Taiping flyover in Guangshen highway as an engineering background, the principles of splice joint are given, extension schemes are analyzed and compared in this paper. A reasonable scheme is decided finally and a 3D finite element model is established to check if the structure is satisfied with the requirement form the codes. After the extension project is finished, a local monitoring is carried out, including monitoring for stress and settlement. Both the calculated result and the test result are in acceptable range and satisfied with current codes. The research shows, the rigid joint structure adapted in this paper is reasonable.
Nonlinear Seismic Response Analysis of Cable-Stayed Bridge under Uniform and Traveling-Wave Excitations
Authors: Xu Kai Yan
Published: March 2015

The finite element method model of a 670.56m span cable-stayed bridge was established and the dynamic characteristic and nonlinear earthquake-responses of it under uniform and traveling-wave excitations were systematic studied. Results show that: 1) its former 10 rank frequency are located very dense which shows that more modes shape should be considered when dealing with the dynamic analysis. 2) The traveling-wave excitation has greater effect on long-span cable-stayed bridge, especially on the more flexible component and great attention should be paid to the design of such kind of bridge.
Experiment Research on Seismic Performance of Framework Joint Connected with Strengthening Planting Bar
Authors: Song Li Juan , Liang Yu Guo , Shi Li Feng
Published: March 2015

This issue conducted the low cyclic reversed loading test of 3 groups of framework joints formed by inorganic anchorage materials and 1 group of the one formed by integral concreting. This paper study the seismic performance, analyzed the hysteretic curve, bearing capacity, ductility and the capacity of energy dissipation of the framework joints. The conclusion can be obtained that the bearing capacity of framework joints connected with strengthening planting bar are better than the ordinary joints. The ductility and seismic performance are good.
Seismic Performance of the Masonry Buildings with Frame at the Bottom Equipped with the New Hybrid Damper
Authors: Sun Xiang Hong , Liu Xu Dong , Fan Yan Jun , Ding Shuang Jie
Published: March 2015

An improved new damper was presented. The mechanical properties of the damper were conducted by the numerical simulation method under the cyclic loading. Also, the seismic mitigation effectiveness of the damper was verified though Time History Analysis. The results show that the improved damper has good hysteretic behavior. It can significantly reduce structural displacement response. Furthermore, the seismic performance of Masonry Buildings with Frame at the Bottom was studied by equipped the improved damper. The control effect was compared with Masonry Buildings with Frame at the Bottom and Masonry Buildings with Two-story Frame at the Bottom.
Experimental Research on Behavior of CFRP Circular Steel Tubular Confined Recycled Aggregate Concrete Columns under Axial Compression
Authors: Liang Jiong Feng , Yang Ze Ping , Hu Ming Hua
Published: March 2015

In order to further promote the use of recycled aggregate concrete in practice, axial compression tests were carried out for 7 CFRP circular steel tubular confined recycled aggregate concrete columns. The influence of the replace rate of recycled aggregate concrete, the wrapping method on axial compression behavior of CFRP circular steel tubular confined recycled aggregate concrete columns were analyzed. Based on the results of the tests, with the replace rate of recycled aggregate concrete increasing, the specimens have an decreasing trend in the load bearing capacity. The whole CFRP wrapping circular steel tubular confined recycled aggregate concrete columns have higher load bearing capacity than the three stripe wrapping ones.
The effects of three pulse crops on a second subsequent crop
Authors: Ross S. M. , King J. R. , Williams C. M. , Strydhorst S. M. , Olson M. A. , Hoy C. F. , Lopetinsky K. J.
Published: March 2015

Ross, S. M., King, J. R., Williams, C. M., Strydhorst, S. M., Olson, M. A., Hoy, C. F. and Lopetinsky, K. J. 2015. The effects of three pulse crops on a second subsequent crop. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 779–786. Pulse crops can provide benefits to cropping systems, but few studies follow the effects beyond one subsequent crop. This study investigated the effects of three pulses on 2 yr of subsequent crops at Barrhead and St. Albert in central Alberta. In year 1 (YR1), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and canola (Brassica napus L.) were grown without added N. The design included plus N controls, eight different crops in YR2, and barley in YR3. YR1 effects on YR3 barley varied between sites and years, and drought conditions in 2009 affected results. Effects of YR1 faba bean were greater than pea or lupin. Increases in YR3 barley grain yields averaged 11% (0.33 Mg ha–1) and increases in seed N yields averaged 11% (7.2 kg N ha–1) after YR1 faba bean, compared with after YR1 canola or barley without added N (BCO). Increases in YR3 barley grain yields and seed N yields averaged 3 to 5% after YR1 pea or lupin, compared with BCO.YR1 crops had few effects on YR3 barley P uptake. Results indicated that pulse crops can improve the yield and quality of a second subsequent crop.
Analysis of Axial Crack in Aircraft Fuselage Circumferential Joint using Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Ramesha H. , Mahendra Babu N.C. , Lakshminarayana H.V.
Published: March 2015

Ring frames, stringers and skin panels are the main parts of aircraft fuselage structure. Circumferential joint is formed by joining skin panels in circumferential direction using doubler plates and adhesive bonding. In this paper finite element (FE) modeling of circumferential butt joint of fuselage structure using commercial FEA software (ANSYS) is presented. The FE model is validated using a benchmark and then fracture mechanics results are graphically presented and discussed.
Investigation of dielectric properties of multilayer structures consisting of homogeneous plastics and liquid solutions at 75–110 GHz
Authors: Klenner M. , Abels T. , Zech C. , Hülsmann A. , Schlechtweg M. , Ambacher O.
Published: March 2015

Abstract. In this paper, we demonstrate an active 3-D millimeter wave (mmW) imaging system used for characterization of the dielectric function of different plastic materials and liquid solutions. The method is based on reflection spectroscopy at frequencies between 75 and 110 GHz, denoted as W-band, and can be used to investigate homogeneous dielectric materials such as plastics or layered structures and liquid solutions. Precise measurement of their dielectric properties not only allows for characterization and classification of different fluids, but also for reliable detection and localization of small defects such as voids or delamination within multilayer structures built from plastic materials. The radio frequency (RF) signal generation is based on circuits that have been designed and fabricated at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics (IAF) using a 100 nm InGaAs mHEMT process (Tessmann et al., 2006; Weber et al., 2011).
Thornbridge – From Microbrewery to Food and Drink Empire: ‘The Time and the Place, and a Lot of Good Luck’?
Authors: Reilly Christine Anne , Danson Mike , Galloway Laura , Beatty Christina
Published: March 2015

This case addresses the success of a particular type of business: a British microbrewery. The case focuses on the decisions made by the business owners, and on how these decisions have helped them to achieve growth and success. They believe their success has been the result of luck; however, there is evidence of good decision making and planning. This case can help students consider the importance of good decision making and forward planning from the early stages of starting a business. The study questions can help them consider the reasons behind decisions, with a view to increasing their understanding of the importance of always thinking about the next stage in business.
When it takes thousands to tango
Authors: Jagtenberg Rob , Voet Stefaan
Published: March 2015

When it takes thousands to tango: On the out-of-court regulation of mass damage claims in the Netherlands and Belgium

In this article the authors compare Belgian and Dutch (draft) regulation of mass damage claims, and notably the prominent place reserved for the collective amicable settlement of such claims. Though collective action for the recovery of damage is still not possible in the Netherlands, Dutch law does provide for the possibility of the court endorsing collectively agreed settlements, since 2005. One of most notorious settlements, i.e. the Dexia case, is discussed, illustrating how individual victims may retain their standing to sue in court, although in such cases the courts show a tendency to cling to the terms of the collective settlement just the same (‘reflex effect or shadow of the settlement’). Mediation in brokering such high profile settlements does not necessarily follow the vested principles of mediation in ‘regular’ one to one disputes.
Modernisering van de arbitragewetgeving
Authors: van den Bosch Thabiso
Published: March 2015

The new Dutch Arbitration Act

On 1 January 2015 a new arbitration act entered into force in the Netherlands. This article discusses the main amendments to the old legislation. The purpose of this new act is to improve the efficiency and flexibility of the arbitration process. Partially, the changes consist of codification of existing case law. However, also new elements are introduced such as for example the possibility of remission. Another reason for this revision of the arbitration legislation is to make the Netherlands internationally more attractive as an arbitration venue.

The main changes are related to, for example, the enforcement proceedings, which are significantly shortened for foreign awards, and making the annulment procedure more efficient. Furthermore, consumers are given more protection from arbitration clauses in general conditions, the rules regarding the challenging of arbitrators are amended and allow for the appointment of a third party to decide on the challenge. Summary proceedings are introduced as a possibility. The registration of the arbitral award with the district court is no longer required.