bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEDICINE OF BORDERLINE CONDITIONS AS AN INNOVATIVE DIRECTION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE: review
Authors: Korobchanskyі Vоlоdymyr , Sarkis-Ivanova Vladyslava , Rechkiman Igor , Veremiienko Oksana , Gerasymenko Olga
Published: May 2022

Reformation of domestic health care must take place not only on the basis of introduction of world experience but also taking into account the own experience received during realization of innovative developments in medical science. Medicine of the borderline conditions belongs to similar innovative developments that received priority financing of Ministry of Health of Ukraine, appreciation by the customers of the applied researches and support of European medical community. Medicine of the borderline conditions is scientifically justified direction of realization of primary purpose of health care, namely prevention of diseases, which is widely approved in practical activity. Thus, prevention of diseases takes place on the basis of determination of risks of development of certain diseases on individual and population levels, with establishment of orientation of this action on the certain systems and organs and body on the whole, that creates founding for directed correction of the educed pre-nosological states, averting their possible transformation into abnormal states. Acceptance of conception of medicine of the borderline conditions by a medical association can influence the revision of today's paradigm of health care, associated with definition of primary prophylaxis, as dominant direction in maintenance of individual health and health of population. Identification of a causal relationship between the action of unfavorable factors of various origins (professionally determined, educational process, environmental, etc.) with the definition of the acting force (substance, energy, information) and the likelihood of damage to the body of the corresponding etiology, is a prerequisite for the planned correction of the functional state of a person.
OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN YOUNG PEOPLE: review
Authors: Ohniev Victor , Pomohaibo Kateryna , Nesterenko Valentyna
Published: May 2022

Obesity in young people is one of the main problems of modern health care due to its high prevalence, complex adverse health effects, risk of complications and low effectiveness of existing treatments. The urgency of this problem is also increasing in low- and middle-income countries, including Ukraine. The article presents data on the medical and social significance of obesity at a young age, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children of all ages in the world and in our country, key risk factors for overweight, as well as key WHO strategies and programs for the prevention of food-related diseases. In Ukraine, there is an insufficient level of registration of cases of obesity, which is due to the imperfection of the existing system of prevention of this pathology. Thus, important measures on this issue in our country, according to modern strategy, are the study of the environment where the child is, the lifestyle of families, the health of overweight children, followed by the organization of prevention and treatment.
Una lectura de prácticas comunicativas bajo el horizonte narrativo del posdesarrollo en el escenario de Río Negro (2009-2019)
Authors:   , Belmonte Valeria
Published: May 2022

A partir de categorías de pensamiento que recusan la narrativa moderno-colonial hegemónica, esta tesis se pregunta por el alcance político-enunciativo de prácticas comunicativas bajo la narrativa del postdesarrollo. Para ello se ubica en el escenario actual de la provincia de Río Negro, en la Norpatagonia argentina, en donde grupos vecinales se movilizan en defensa del territorio y la vida. En tales espacios el desarrollo en su carácter predatorio está siendo fuertemente discutido por prácticas y discursos en el seno de una narrativa posdesarrollista a las que en esta investigación se nombran como ´comunicaciones otras´ porque abren a diseños de mundos otros.
Analysis of Participation of Schoolchildren in Extracurricular Activities and the Health Aspect of their Routine: Results of a Sociological Survey
Authors: Novikova II , Zubtsovskaya NA , Ivleva GP
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Extracurricular activities are an important tool of preparing children for a successful life, setting essential core values, and identifying professional preferences. Student participation in after-school educational programs determines the density of elements contributing to acquiring new skills, knowledge, and physical capabilities in their daily routine.
Objective: To assess the coverage of schoolchildren with supplementary education and to give a hygienic assessment of their extracurricular activities.
Materials and methods: We analyzed data of the Internet-based survey of over 46,000 schoolchildren from 64 regions of the Russian Federation conducted in January – March 2021 using a standard Excel package and Statistica 10.
Results: We estimated a smaller coverage of schoolchildren of all age groups with after-school sports (33.1–43.0 %) than with other types of activities, including circles/sections and studios (39.4–62.6 %). We established that 35 % of the respondents did not participate in extracurricular activities at all, with the largest and smallest proportions of such students in grades 9–11 (45.5–47.3 %) and grades 3–5 (27.7%–28.4 %), respectively. On average, 17.6 % of the respondents reported having regular classes with a tutor; the proportion of children attending tutorials was higher among school graduates and tended to increase with school age from 7.5 to 46.2 %. The proportion of eleventh graders studying with tutors was 35.9 % higher than that attending sports clubs. It should be noted that 20.7 % of the respondents reported having no walk on school days, except walking to school and back home, and the share of such children increased with age.
Conclusion: Our study revealed age-specific characteristics of extracurricular activities and leisure of schoolchildren, availability and demand for supplementary educational services, and demonstrated the lack of skills of effective after-school time
planning in modern students.
Issues of Safety of Herb Mixes and Food Supplements Contaminated with Tropane Alkaloids: A Review
Authors: Korotkova AI , Bagryantseva OV , Sokolov IE , Glinenko VM
Published: May 2022

Background: Nutritional supplements, herbal assemblages, and herbal teas are of particular interest in the global market of specialized food products, with the issues of a safe use becoming particularly relevant in the light of the reports on their potential contamination with tropane alkaloids, which content ranges from 0.01 % to 3 % depending on the type of raw materials.
Objective: Analysis of the safety of dietary supplements, herbs and herbal teas contaminated with tropane alkaloids, based on data currently presented in domestic and international scientific publications.
Materials and methods: We reviewed and analyzed literature sources found in Scopus, PubMed and RSCI databases for tropane alkaloids. The initial sample included 49 articles, of which 19 articles were excluded following a primary analysis. The selection criteria included the presence of classification of tropane alkaloids, their contents in herbs and foods, methods of detection, and potential human health effects. We selected 30 full-text publications meeting the above criteria. The study results were systematized by the type of intervention.
Results: The analysis showed that the content of tropane alkaloids in some herbal teas by the sum of atropine and scopolamine can exceed the established level of a single safe intake (0.016 µg/kg body weight). Since scopolamine is a derivative of hyoscyamine (atropine), safety of foods and raw materials should be assessed by their content of atropine that will allow effective monitoring of contamination with tropane alkaloids of all types of the specified food products for the purpose of their safe use.
Conclusion: For the safe use of herbal preparations and plant-based dietary supplements, it is recommended to monitor these types of food products for the presence of tropane alkaloids in them. It is advisable to develop a method for their analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.
Detection of West Nile Virus in Overwintering Mosquitoes in the Volgograd Region
Authors: Borodai NV , Nesgovorova AV , Fomina VK , Mendygalieva AK , Baturin AA , Antonov AS , Avdiusheva EF , Molchanova EV , Nikitin DN , Putintseva EV
Published: May 2022

Introduction: West Nile fever is a zoonotic, vector-borne viral infection caused by West Nile virus. The possibility of persistence of West Nile virus in overwintering mosquitoes in regions with a temperate climate is of great importance for understanding the mechanisms of pathogen circulation.
Objective: To detect West Nile virus in mosquitoes during the inter-epizootic period in the Volgograd Region.
Materials and methods: In 2013–2021, we collected overwintering mosquitoes in different locations of the Volgograd Region using a battery-powered aspirator with a Krishtal’s trap to detect West Nile virus RNA in them using a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. An isolate (WNV Volgograd_o16/19) was obtained from sample o16/19 (Cx. pipiens, collected on April 2, 2019) with detected West Nile virus RNA using a VERO cell culture. After that, total RNA was isolated from the filtered cell supernatant of that isolate. Metagenomic sequencing of the sample was performed using a high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencer, Illumina Inc., USA.
Results: In total, we collected 4,070 mosquitoes in wintering shelters and tested 157 pools of the insects for West Nile virus RNA. The latter was detected in two pools of Culex pipiens and in one pool of Anopheles maculipennis complex. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the WNV Volgograd_о16/19 strain isolated from the pool of wintering mosquitoes belonged to lineage 2 of West Nile virus. We also established its belonging to the monophyletic clade of West Nile virus strains isolated in the Volgograd, Astrakhan, and Rostov regions in the years 2007 and 2018–2020.
Conclusions: We were first to detect West Nile virus in overwintering mosquitoes in the Volgograd Region. Our findings confirm the hypothesis that lineage 2 strains of encephalitic West Nile virus persist in mosquitoes during the inter-epizootic
period and can be transmitted from mosquito to bird in springtime as one of the mechanisms of forming autochthonous foci in WNV endemic areas of the Russian Federation in the absence of the annual import of this infection.
TOOLS FOR ECONOMIC PROTECTION OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITY: ESSENCE AND FEATURES
Authors: Shpak Nestor , Hurskyi Yurii
Published: May 2022

Introduction. In order to maintain the stable functioning of the enterprise, protect its intellectual property, guarantee the inviolability of property, protect information and interests of stakeholders, maintain a stable financial condition, develop international economic relations and achieve other goals, the tools for economic protection of the enterprise should be used.
Purpose. The article should clarify the definition of «Tools for economic protection of the enterprise» and point out their features in the context of international economic activity.
Method (methodology). To achieve the goals, the article uses theoretical methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization. This provided an analysis of the literature and the formulation of the scientific apparatus on the problem.
Results. The article clarifies the essential definition of this concept, which proposes to understand «The means of preserving the autonomy of the enterprise, the development of the identity of its production, economic and international economic activities, meeting the needs and interests of stakeholders who, through the implementation of a set of actions that optimize management processes, harmonize the financial condition of the enterprise, which contribute to the development of international relations». Their functional purpose is: analysing and preventing of risk in the activities of the enterprise, taking measures to optimally cover the losses that have been recorded; analysing the results of measures to reduce risks, motivational activities in the field of risk management, etc.; neutralizing of negative impact on enterprises of threats to socio-economic development; conservation of the autonomy of the enterprise, the development of the characteristic properties of its production and economic and international economic activities, which determine the competitive advantages of the enterprise and success in the market. The features of the tools for economic protection of the enterprise in the conditions of international activity in the article include: scientific and systematic, complexity, financial support, innovation, standardization, motivation, focus on meeting the needs of stakeholders, development of the HR system of the enterprise.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL BASES OF REFORMING THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL INSURANCE AGAINST ACCIDENTS IN PRODUCTION AND PROFESSIONAL DISEASES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Shapovalova Tetiana , Zaryshniuk Sofiia
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The socio-economic engine of state transformation, growth and progress is the active working population, which every day, working, supports the economic potential of the country. It is important to understand that the safety of citizens, especially in the workplace, should be one of the priority goals of public policy. To achieve this goal, the state system of social insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases, which aims to avoid insurance in the workplace, as well as to ensure the livelihood of citizens who have already been exposed to dangerous production factors.
The increase in the number of insured events, including fatal ones, necessitates reforming the functions of the Social Insurance Fund, as quantitative indicators indicate their significant shortcomings in some areas and general inefficiency. Ukrainian enterprises, institutions and organizations of various forms of ownership and activities.
Based on this, there is a need to study all aspects of the system, as well as identify its shortcomings with further prospects for reform, in particular by borrowing and using international standards for social insurance against accidents and occupational diseases.
The aim of the article is to analyze the essence of the social insurance system against accidents at work and occupational diseases in the first place, insurance benefits and preventive measures, to propose organizational and legal ways to reform the functions of the Social Insurance Fund.
Results. It is established that the national system of social insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases and the Social Insurance Fund, as an institution that performs the functions of prevention and financing of accidents at work, needs reform, which should be one of the priorities of socio-economic policy in Ukraine. The main shortcomings of the Ukrainian system of insurance against accidents are considered, and also ways of its improvement are offered, in particular by introduction of the international standards of management of system of insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases.
Buckling-induced quadratic nonlinearity in silicon phonon waveguide structures
Authors: Kurosu Megumi , Hatanaka Daiki , Okamoto Hajime , Yamaguchi Hiroshi
Published: May 2022

We fabricated and characterized a single-crystal silicon phonon waveguide structure with lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric transducers. The compressive stress in a silicon-on-insulator wafer causes a membrane waveguide to buckle, leading to the quadratic nonlinearity. The PZT transducer integrated in an on-chip configuration enables us to excite high-intensity mechanical vibration, which allows the characterization of nonlinear behavior. We observed a softening nonlinear response as a function of the drive power and demonstrated the mode shift and frequency conversion. This is the first report of the nonlinear behavior caused by the quadratic nonlinearity in a buckled phonon waveguide structure. This study provides a method to control the sign and the order of nonlinearity in a phonon waveguide by utilizing the internal stress, which allows the precise manipulation of elastic waves in phononic integrated circuits.
Effects of zigzag edge states on the thermoelectric properties of finite graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Kuo David Ming Ting
Published: May 2022

Thermoelectric properties of finite graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) coupled to metallic electrodes are theoretically studied in the framework of tight-binding model and Green’s function approach. When the zigzag sides are coupled to the electrodes, the electron transport through the localized edge states can occur only if the channel length between electrodes is smaller than the decay length of these localized zigzag edge states. When the armchair edges are coupled to the electrodes, there is an interesting thermoelectric behavior associated with the mid-gap states when the GNR is in the semiconducting phase. Here we show that the thermoelectric behavior of zigzag edge states of GNRs with armchair sides connected to electrodes is similar to that of two parallel quantum dots with similar orbital degeneracy. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the electrical conductance and power factor given by the zigzag edge states are quite robust against the defect scattering.
28.3% efficient perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells with mixed self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Mishima Ryota , Hino Masashi , Kanematsu Masanori , Kishimoto Kazuhisa , Ishibashi Hirotaka , Konishi Katsunori , Okamoto Shimpei , Irie Toru , Fujimoto Takahisa , Yoshida Wataru , Uzu Hisashi , Adachi Daisuke , Yamamoto Kenji
Published: May 2022

A certified 28.3% efficient monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem (PST) solar cell with a mixed self-assembled monolayer (SAM) containing carbazole cores with H-ligands (2PACz) and methoxy-ligands (MeO-2PACz) is reported. Our analysis revealed that there existed uncovered areas of MeO-2PACz on indium tin oxide, which would be caused by the steric effect, and they were filled with 2PACz in the mixed SAM, leading to the improvement of fill factors in the PST cells. This result was explained by the passivation qualities as hole transport layers and the local interaction between methoxy ligands and perovskite materials.
Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi pada Pembelajaran IPA Siswa Kelas IV SDN 55/I Sridadi
Authors: Wirda Aina , Kurniawan Dandi , Murba Amelia , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: May 2022

This study aims to describe the application of the demonstration method in science learning for fourth grade students of SDN 55/I Sridadi. This research is a qualitative research. The informants of this study were fourth grade teachers. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses data reduction steps, data display, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of observations made in class IV SDN 55/I Sridadi, the demonstration method is very appropriate to use for science learning. Teachers and students have been able to carry out the stages of implementing learning using the demonstration method, so that the learning process goes well. The interaction between teachers and students, students and students looks good. In addition, students can interact and really understand the material. However, in the learning process there are several obstacles experienced by the teacher. Among them are limited learning resources, learning tools, learning media, situations that are often not easy to manage and limited time. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the implementation of the demonstration method in science learning at SDN 55/I Sridadi had been carried out quite well, as evidenced by the presence of some of the steps of demonstration activities that had been carried out well by the teacher, such as preparing and conditioning students to study, taking attendance, praying and motivating students, conveying learning objectives and materials, to evaluation activities.
Keterampilan Guru dalam Mengelola Kelas pada Pembelajaran Siswa Kelas IV SDV 55/I Sridadi
Authors: Rani Elsa Nadia , Kusuma Framesti Putri intan , Putri Riska Dwi Rahma , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the skills of teachers in managing the classroom. This type of research is qualitative as a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written and spoken words from the behavior of the people observed. The subject of this research is the fourth grade teacher at SDN 55/I Sridadi. The results of this study indicate that the teacher's skills in managing the classroom can be done by always getting students to always be disciplined, neat and clean in everything. Classrooms with various decorations so that the class feels comfortable and beautiful. Always make lesson plans for one semester. Using learning resources from books and the internet and several learning media according to the learning material. And have good skills in opening and closing lessons, explaining learning materials, providing reinforcement and guiding group discussions.
Implementasi Ice Breaking dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa di SDN 64/I Teratai
Authors: Nanda Violyta Putri , Rahman Nur Anisa , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: May 2022

This study aims to identify and describe the implementation of chants in increasing student interest in learning at SDN 64/I Teratai, describing the implementation of games in increasing student interest in learning, and describing the implementation of exercise in increasing student interest in learning at SDN 64/I Teratai. The approach used is a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were fifth grade students at SDN 64/I Lotus. Research data sources consist of informants, and documentation. Data collection techniques with observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Research data analysis includes, 1). Data collection, 2). Organizing or grouping the collected data according to the nature of the existing categories. Data analysis was carried out through four stages including, 1). Data reduction, 2). Data presentation, 3). Verification and conclusion. Meanwhile, checking the validity of the data is done by using the triangulation technique of data sources. The results of this study, are (1) the implementation of yells in increasing student interest in learning at SDN 64/I Teratai, namely using yells when learning in class, yelling is applied when class conditions start to be less conducive. The teacher invites students to sing yells as a distraction. Students can also make chants individually or in groups with a duration of about 3-5 minutes. (2) the implementation of games in increasing student interest in learning at SDN 64/I Teratai is to make learning more interesting and fun, so games can be used that can build children's concentration to be able to think, act, and refocus on the material so that children's interest in learning is more good and easy to digest lessons. (3) the implementation of exercise in increasing student interest in learning at SDN 64/I Teratai, namely in implementing exercise, it is carried out when students look sluggish after sitting for a long time just listening to the explanation of the material that the teacher conveys, then with exercise the blood flow will become smooth again so that the thinking process of students is fresher and more effective. Teachers can creatively use variations of body movements.
Strategi Guru dalam Pengembangan Nilai Praktis Sila Ke-5 Pancasila pada Pembelajaran Tematik di Kelas Rendah Sekolah Dasar 121/I Muara Singoan
Authors: Nuranisa Dedek , Diva Fadelina Wizola , Rosdianah Puput Tri , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: May 2022

This study aims to find out and describe how the strategies that teachers can use to develop the practical value of the fifth principle of Pancasila in the thematic learning process for first grade students at SDN 121/I Muara Singoan. This study uses a qualitative research method where data is obtained from observation, interviews and documentation techniques sourced from teachers, students, principals and parents of students. Then the data were analyzed using the data analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model, namely reduction, presentation and conclusion. This study has the result that the strategies that have been implemented include the PAIKEM strategy, cooperative learning and inquiry, and various lectures to get students to always read, discuss. Other strategies used by teachers in instilling and developing the practical value of Pancasila, especially the principle of "Social Justice for All Indonesian People" in thematic learning in class I SDN 121/I Muara Singoan, namely: 1) Exemplary / examples prove that the teacher has become an example / good role model. good for students, especially in applying a family attitude, balance between rights and obligations, and working hard. 2) Spontaneous activities such as asking for donations to visit sick friends in order to instill a social care attitude. 3). The reprimand strategy is carried out to remind students who violate Pancasila values and school rules, then carry out personal coaching and do not corner students. 4) The strategy through environmental conditioning can also be seen from the availability of infrastructure that supports the implementation of the Pancasila values attitude. 5). The strategy through routine activities is the integration of Pancasila attitudes in learning tools such as lesson plans, starting from the use of learning strategies and techniques that are routinely carried out every day in the thematic learning process.
Pengelolaan Media Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 62/III Mukai Mudik
Authors: Shakila Ayuni , Tria Febi
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the planning, utilization, and maintenance of instructional media in SDN 62/III Mukai Mudik. The research is a qualitative research design with phenomenology. Sources in the research is the principal and teachers at SDN 62/III Mukai Mudik. Data collection technique were interview, observation and documentation. Analysis of data using an interactive model. This study has three outcomes: (1) Planning the learning media is an inventory of types of instructional media, relevancing teaching media to teaching materials, confirming media with other teachers or friends of the group, preparing a book support package from the government, and pour the planned use of the media in the learning device; (2) The use of instructional media is able to show a medium of learning makes the students more easily understand the teaching materials, instructional media were able to show increasing curiosity about the new sciences, capable of showing the learning media help teachers explain the learning material, and be able to demonstrate learning media reduces verbal learning theory; (3) Maintenance of instructional media is keeping the medium of learning material or objects in special cabinets, learning media in the form of a file stored on the computer, non-academic learning media such as marching band and tambourine are stored in a special room, and the media is damaged beyond repair maintenance direct teachers or experts.
The Epidemiological Aspects Of Infection With Entamoeba Histologica In Acute Diarrhea In Thi-Qar Governorate During The Year 2006
Authors: Raddam Khlabus , Hasson Ali
Published: May 2022

A prospective study conducted on 3600 patients with a cute diarrhea who were attending the out patient’s clinic in Al-Nassiriyia pediatric hospital from the period of 1.1.2006 to 30.12.2006 to define the role of E. Histolytica infection in acute diarrhea, with particular concentration on certain risk factors such as age, sex, socio-economic status; family size and place of residence, breast feeding in the first 2 years of life and their effect on the prevalence of infection. Their age groups were from the first week to 12 years. Infection with E. Histolytica was seen in (38.8%) of all cases with a cute diarrhea and affected mainly the age group of 2 months – 1 year (46.9%) and the age group of 13 months – 5 years (42.46%), with less predominant cases were seen below the age of 2 months (3.14%) and above 5 years (7.5%). Males percentage (51.78%) was comparable to that for females
Serum Mannose Level and Its Association in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: a Case Control Study of Al-Najaf City / 2020
Authors: Al Ghazali Basima Shamkhi , Monther Sara
Published: May 2022

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common public health issue around the world. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance play important role in the etiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome and the serum mannose is incorporated in metabolism of glucose.
Aim of study: Determination of the association between serum mannose level and polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Patients and Methods: A case control study enrolled eighty eight women were divided as forty four women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and forty four women without polycystic ovarian syndrome presented to outpatient clinic at Fertility Center/Al Sader Medical City and outpatient clinic of Al- Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Najaf city-Iraq during the period from 1st of February till 31st of December, 2020.
Results: The mean Serum Mannose level of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome 7.37 was   significantly higher than mean serum mannose of controls 1.32 (p<0.001). Cutoff serum mannose level of 1.98 had acceptable validity results (90.9% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity, 94% PPV, 90.5% NPV and 90% accuracy). The means of serum level testosterone and luteinizing hormones were significantly higher among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, while mean follicular stimulating hormone level was significantly lower among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Conclusions: The serum mannose level is significantly increased in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome which may indicate its possible role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Evaluating the Anti-Cancer Effect of Pomegranate Aqueous Extract of Gold Nanoparticles by Using Photodynamic Laser on Laboratory Mice.
Authors: Altae Entidhar Jasim Khamees
Published: May 2022

Background: This study evaluated the anticancer effects of gold nanoparticles (Au- NPs) generated by reducing hydrated gold metal ions in the presence of aqueous pomegranate peel extract.
Aim of study: To test the possibility that Au-NPs generated from the pomegranate aqueous extract could be employed as an anti-cancer therapy.
Materials and methods: The study aimed to evaluate Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a laser at a wavelength of 532 nm with green gold particles as a photosensitizer in in-vivo experiment. Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) were produced by reducing hydrated gold metal ions in the presence of aqueous pomegranate peel extract. Using UV-visible spectroscopy, the absorption peak of the gold particles was found near 550- 592 nm. All diffraction peaks for 2θ at = 37.8227º at 43.7014º, 63.8103º and 77.1540º correspond to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) levels, respectively by X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis, imaging confirmed Au-NP by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the nanoparticle size ranged between 19.96 ± 0.784 nm. Forty Mature Swiss females weighing 20–25 g and aged 6–8 weeks were used, the animals were placed in well-ventilated rooms.
Results: The best exposure time to eradicate the tumor is with a duration of exposure of 30 minutes using the diode laser, as histological investigations indicated the development of anti-immunity with the same exposure period.
Factors Affecting the Transmission epatitis C Among the Thalassemic Patients in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf governorate
Authors: NASRAWI Alaa Jumaah Manji , Hsan Musa Abd  , Mohammed Naji Atiyah  , Ali Hussain Al-faydawi  , Mohammed Majeed Faisal
Published: May 2022

Background: Because thalassemic patients require multiple blood transfusions, and blood transfusion is a common transmission vector for hepatitis C virus, numerous studies have found varying prevalences of hepatitis C among -thalassemia major patients. As a result, this study was carried out to discover anti-HCV in thalassemia patients in our location.
Objectives: to find factors that increase the chance of getting infection with HCV in thalassemia patients.
Materials and methods: A total of 550 patients whose registered in thalassemic center were surveyed, 48 of them had HCV infection. Name, age, sex, residency, age at starting blood transfusion, Frequency of blood transfusion per month, Splenectomized or not, blood group for patients, test for HCV antibodies and liver function test.
Results: The total number surveyed was 550, where the number of males was 330, while the number of females was 220. The study group comprised 48 thalassemic patients (33 [68.75%] males and 15 [31.25%] females). The mean ± SD age was 18.4 ± 7.57months (range: 2 – 35).  There is direct association between the age and the seropositivity to anti –HCV where HCV seropositivity was significantly associated with an older age (P ≤ 0.01). There is no association between gender and seropositivity to anti –HCV where there are no significant differences (P= 0.653) Out of 48 patients 26(54.14%) were live in urban, 22(45.17%) in rural. In regard to residency there is no direct relationship (P ≤ 0.01) between the residency and the seropositivity to anti –HCV. There is high significant (P ≤ 0.01) between frequency of blood transfusion per month and seropositivity to anti –HCV. HCV seropositivity was significantly associated with the longer duration of the disease (P ≤ 0.01). Patients of O+ blood group represented the higher (P ≤ 0.01) seropositivity to anti -HCV than patients with other blood groups, however patients with Rh- shows lower seropositivity to anti -HCV. Our study shows that there is highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) relation between splenectomy and the seropositivity to anti –HCV.
Late Presentation of Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect: A Case Report
Authors: Kareem Ghada , Mahbuba Wadhah
Published: May 2022

Atrioventricular septal defect is a spectrum of congenital heart defects that can be classified as either complete or partial with the complete form being the most common and usually present in the neonatal period with congestive heart failure. However, partial defects can remain asymptomatic and present later in adulthood with variable degrees of heart failure. The case under investigation is a middle aged female with a 2-year history of worsening dyspnea and recurrent chest infections due to undiagnosed partial atrioventricular septal defects. As a conclusion, it is important to establish a screening program to detect the asymptomatic cases early and prevent delay consequences.
Socioeconomic Standards, Nutritional Knowledge and Dietary Habits of Ghanaian Athletes: A Study of Three Major Sporting Regions in Ghana
Authors: Tugli Laura S. Y. , adoju Andrew O. F , Abonie Ulric S. , Tugli Fritz M. , Tobin-West Helen S.
Published: May 2022

Nutrition is essential in ensuring athletes’ optimum sports performance and good health. This study’s objective was to assess the socioeconomic (SE) standards, the nutritional knowledge, and the dietary habits of athletes across three (3) sporting regions in Ghana. Further, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the socioeconomic (SE) standards, the nutritional knowledge, and the dietary habits of athletes. The sample drew from football, hockey and basketball players. Data collection relied on an adapted Dietary Habits and Nutritional Knowledge Questionnaire by Paugh, 2005, while examination of the relationships was done using chi-square tests of association, at 0.050 level of significance. The results showed that athletes had reasonably good nutritional knowledge and dietary habits, this highlighted by mean percentage scores of 69.42% and 66.26%, respectively. Assessment of athletes’ socioeconomic standards indicated that 80% lived on GHS1000 or less, per month. There were statistically significant relationships between sex and dietary habits, p=0.001; between sex and nutritional knowledge, p<0.001; between sporting disciplines and dietary habits, p=0.005; and between sporting disciplines and nutritional knowledge, p=0.021. Tests also revealed a statistically significant relationship between socioeconomic (SE) standard and nutritional knowledge, p=0.016. There was no significant relationship between athletes’ level of nutritional knowledge and their dietary habits, p=0.620. Neither did the study establish any relationship between SE standard and dietary habits, p=0.292. This suggests a need for more in-depth exploration of the relationship between the socioeconomic (SE) standards, nutritional knowledge, and dietary habits of athletes.
The Non-equivalence of Language-Value between Chinese and American Cultures Based on the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Authors: Yang Liu , Shan Luo
Published: May 2022

The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis advocates the ontology of language, arguing that language affects and even determines human thinking to some extent. In view of the fact that human thinking is abstract and intangible, and that values are the soul of the way of thinking, this paper compares the three sets of non-equivalent phenomena between Chinese and American languages and values. As a result, it can be exemplified that language cannot determine or influence values to a certain extent, that is, language cannot determine or influence people's thinking to a certain extent, thus revealing the irrationality of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. Through in-depth analysis of the differences between Chinese and American values as well as language characteristics, the cultural concepts behind language can be more deeply understood, which is conducive to improving the awareness of cross-cultural communication and enhancing cross-cultural communication ability; on the other hand, the accuracy and authenticity of language selection can also be improved so as to ensure the reliability in the translation practice.
Effect of Nonlinear Modeling of Beam-Column Joint on Pushover Analysis
Authors: Sadek Amr.W. , Khan Mohammed Moiz
Published: May 2022

The present paper is concerned with the seismic risk assessment of buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A critical review of the existing literature is presented to identify the shortcomings of extant studies. None of the extant studies considered nonlinear action of the beam-column joint (BCJ) but rather they dealt with BCJ as a rigid element for simplicity and the only plastic hinging has been considered in beams and/or columns. Hence the main focus of this paper is to demonstrate the significant effects of the nonlinear action of BCJ in the pushover analysis and in turn the inadequacy of all previous studies which overlooked such effect. In this study, nonlinear static pushover analysis is performed on two-dimensional RC frames of existing buildings in Jeddah city, with and without using macro node elements and pushover curves are compared. The beam-column joint modelling approach adopted in this study is through macro node element which accounts for failure due to shear collapse of the joint, concrete crushing, flexural and/or shear plastic damage of the beams or columns connected and bond-slip failure. The results clearly indicate that the RC frame in which the beam-column joints were modeled using a macro node element, tends to have lesser base shear values and higher displacement capacity when compared to the RC frame modeled without using the macro node. Furthermore, the status of plastic hinges developed in building frames modeled without using macro node element was found to be within the Immediate occupancy (IO) performance level, but this hinge status drastically changed to Collapse prevention (CP) performance level when BCJ was modeled using macro node. Hence, the results highlight that the nonlinear action of beam-column joint has a significant effect on the nonlinear response of a structure.
The Dynamics of Regional Autonomy in Indonesia
Authors: Achmad Mansyur , Wati Ratna , Putranto Wahyu Tri
Published: May 2022

This article concern on the progress of regional autonomy which existed in Indonesia during pre-colonial, colonial, independence and post-independence periods up to the present. This article is divided into four parts, namely clear description from the background of regional autonomy in Indonesia, a historical review from local autonomy in Indonesia and it's essential likewise to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and its regional autonomy progress according to the rules applied. The regional autonomy system in Indonesia is an essential matter, weighing up that Indonesia is a unitary state that has a large-scale and geographical area, so that it requires the implementation of regional autonomy system that capable to become an extension from central government to ruled their respective territories according to regulations applied.
Simultaneous Determination of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir by LC/MS/MS in Human Plasma and its Pharmacokinetics Application
Authors: Raslan Mohamed , Shehata Eslam Mansour , R. Sara A. , Sabri Nagwa A.
Published: May 2022

Background: The rapid growth of COVID-19 infections may result in second wave of infection and an overwhelmed health care providing systems. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir can be a good choice for management of COVID-19 patients. Development of simple, sensitive, and rapid assay for simultaneous determination of ledipasvir / sofosbuvir to investigate their pharmacokinetic parameters in human plasma, and aid in therapeutic drug moitoring in COVID-19 patients seems to be essential. Besides, its application in bioequivalence study of ledipasvir 90mg / sofosbuvir 400mg film coated tablets generic and reference products to ensure bioanalytical method reliability. Methods: After extraction of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir from human plasma, it was chromatographed with mobile phase consisting of ammonium formate pH 2.8 : acetonitrile (10 : 90 V/V) at flow rate 0.55ml/min, ESI positive mode, and m/z 889.8130.1, 530.3243.1, 739.4565.3 for ledipasvir, sofosbuvir and daclatasvir (internal Standard) respectively. The bioequivalence study was conducted in a partial replicated crossover design invovlving 36 volunteers. The criteria used to assess bioequivalence of the two products were AUC 0-t, AUC 0-inf, Cmax, and Tmax for sofosbuvir, and AUC 0-72, Cmax, and Tmax for ledipasvir. Results: The described method of analysis showed that the average recovery of Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir from human plasma was 95.180%, and 94.721%. The limit of quantitation was 0.1ng/ml for both drugs, and the correlation coefficient (r2) was equal to 0.999 for ledpasvir and sofosbuvir. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) of the measured parameters showed that there was no significant difference between the two products. Conclusion: The LC/MS/MS method presented is direct, simple, reproducible, sensitive, and linear for determination of ledipasvir / sofosbuvir in plasma, and is adequate for its clinical pharmacokinetic studies, and use in therapeutic drug monitoring. Besides the generic product was found to be biologically equivalent to the reference product regarding their kinetic behavior.
A Concise Review on Skin Disorders
Authors: Sajwan Aditi , Belwal Ayushi , Sharma Nitin , Joshi Yogesh
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, skin disorders are considered very common affecting millions of people worldwide. Ageing, genetic, environmental factors and traumatic injuries are various factors that can lead to several skin disorders. Skin disorders are broadly classified as bacterial, viral, fungal and some other types as well. Some common diagnostic tests relevant for skin disorders include biopsy, scraping, culture, wood light, diascopy and specific skin tests. Medical therapy and physical therapy are the treatment modalities available for skin disorders. Medical therapy includes topical and systemic treatments while physical therapy consists of cryotherapy, phototherapy, photodynamic therapy, lasers and surgery. Topical drugs are the mainstay of treating skin disorders. Systemic drugs are taken directly by oral route or by parenteral route and are distributed throughout the body. The following categories of drugs are divided under topical therapy that includes cleansing agents, protective agents, moisturizing agents, drying agents, anti-itch agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-infective agents and keratolytics.
Dabska Tumor (Endovascular Papillary Angioendothelioma) of Orbit in a Middle Aged Male: A Case Report
Authors: Joseph Dr. Liz Maria , S Dr. Sankar
Published: May 2022

The Dabska tumor also known as Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma is a rare, low-grade angiosarcoma that often affects the skin and subcutaneous tissues of children is characterized by intraluminal papillary endothelial structures. EPA has an overall favorable prognosis. The malignant potential of this tumor should not be ignored and close follow-up should be maintained.
Fatores associados a pacientes com metástase óssea avaliados em cintilografia
Authors: Marques Washington Luiz de Souza , Borges Leonardo Luiz , Santos Paulie Marcelly Ribeiro dos , Silva Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro , Almeida Rogério José de
Published: May 2022

O câncer é uma doença de grande abrangência no Brasil e no mundo. Uma das possíveis evoluções negativas do câncer é a metástase óssea. Teve por objetivo avaliar os fatores associados à pacientes com metástase óssea avaliados por meio da cintilografia. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo analítico com abordagem quantitativa de pacientes atendidos em uma clínica de diagnóstico de Goiânia para realização de cintilografia óssea para rastreio de metástase óssea. Foram analisado 329 pessoas levando em consideração dados físicos, socioeconômicos e informações referentes à doença. Identificou-se que os três canceres mais prevalentes foram: mama, próstata e pulmão. As três partes do esqueleto mais acometidas por metástase óssea foram: coluna lombar, MMSS e MMII. Identificou-se associação significativa entre os canceres de mama, pulmão e próstata com dor óssea nos arcos costais, bem como entre o câncer de próstata e metástase na região pélvica (ossos da bacia) e canceres de pulmão, próstata e mama com metástase na coluna cervical e relação prevalente do câncer de mama com radioterapia nas costelas, mama e pulmão com radioterapia na região torácica e câncer de próstata com radioterapia na região pélvica e ossos da bacia. Diante das inúmeras questões abordadas e em consenso com a literatura do câncer, observou-se maior prevalência entre o câncer de próstata e metástase na região pélvica (ossos da bacia) e canceres de pulmão, próstata e mama com metástase na coluna cervical e associação significativa entre os canceres de mama, pulmão e próstata com dor óssea nos arcos costais.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF ECONOMIC POWER OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: G’ayibnazarov Bahodir Karimovich  , Jalolov Ilhomjon Isomiddinovich
Published: May 2022

The article describes the concepts of potential, economic potential of the enterprise, scientific approaches, definitions, views, concepts of foreign and domestic scientists on their evaluation.
KEY WORDS: statistical assessment, economically active population, employment, enterprise, economic potential, economic cooperations, economic potential.