bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination of Curcumin and Photodynamic Therapy Based on the Use of Red
Light or Near-Infrared Radiation in Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Marinho Marcelo Augusto  Germani , Marques Magno da Silva , Cordeiro Marcos Freitas , de Moraes Vaz Batista Filgueira Daza , Horn Ana Paula
Published: April 2022

Background:

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic intervention that can be applied to cancer treatment.
The interaction between a photosensitizer (PS), ideal wavelength radiation, and tissue molecular oxygen triggers
a series of photochemical reactions responsible for producing reactive oxygen species. These highly reactive species
can decrease proliferation and induce tumor cell death. The search for PS of natural origin extracted from plants becomes
relevant, as they have photoactivation capacity, preferentially targeting tumor cells and because they do not
present any or little toxicity to healthy cells.

Objective:

Our work aimed to carry out a qualitative systematic review to investigate the effects of curcumin (CUR), a
molecule considered as PS of natural origin, on PDT, using red light or near-infrared radiation in tumor models.

Methods:

A systematic search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) using the
PICOT method, retrieving a total of 1,373 occurrences. At the end of the peer screening, 25 eligible articles were included
in this systematic review using inclusion, exclusion, and eligibility criteria.

Results:

CUR, whether in its free state, associated with metal complexes or other PS and in a nanocarrier system, was
considered a relevant PS for PDT using red light or near-infrared against tumoral models in vitro and in vivo, acting by
increasing cytotoxicity, inhibiting proliferation, inducing cell death mainly by apoptosis, and changing oxidative parameters.

Conclusion:

The results found in this systematic review suggest the potential use of CUR as a PS of natural origin to
be applied in PDT against many neoplasms, encouraging further search in PDT against cancer and serving as an investigative
basis for upcoming pre-clinical and clinical applications.
Applications of Herbal Drug Delivery Through a Targeted Approach Using Vesicular Carriers
Authors: Shree Dipthi , Patra Chinam N. , Acharjya Sasmita K. , Sahoo Biswa M.
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective:

Herbal medicines exhibit pronounced therapeutic activity with minimal toxic effects. The use of the herbal drug through the oral route is considered to be an impediment owing to its poor bioavailability. Therefore, an alternative approach to the Transdermal route was adopted. It has been a challenge for pharmaceutical scientists to deliver the herbal compound effectively through the skin due to the presence of the impregnable layer i.e. the Stratum corneum. Various strategies were employed to overcome the obstruction property of the skin. Firstly, vesicular liposomes were developed and they were unable to access the intact skin layer namely the stratum corneum. Later the use of novel lipid-based vesicular carriers such as ethosomes, invasomes, glycerosomes, transferosomes, and transethosomes for herbal drug delivery showed an increased efficiency to penetrate through the stratum corneum. Furthermore, the use of novel niosomes and proniosomes which are categorized as surfactant-based vesicular carriers improves the skin permeation of the herbal medication

Methods:

In this current review, painstaking efforts were made to compile and update the various applications of the emerging vesicular carriers such as ethosomes, transethosomes, transferosomes, glycerosomes, invasomes, niosomes, and proniosomes which are employed in herbal drug formulations. This article portrays a detailed survey about varied applications as viz., anti-cancer, anti-acne, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, etc. in the form of tables.

Conclusion:

The application of herbal medicines by employing a suitable novel carrier can exhibit a pronounced therapeutic activity. Therefore, extensive research in the field of herbal drug technology is carried out to impart the phytoconstituents to the targeted sites.
Monitoring of Surgical Wounds with Purely Textile, Measuring Wound Pads – I. The Concept, and Technical Wound Models for Wound Pad Testing with Performance
Authors: Pötzschke Harald , Zirk Kai-Uwe
Published: April 2022

Aims:

Aim of this investigation was the development of technical skin models that simulate the conditions under wound pads which protect post-operative wounds. The models will be used to test new purely textile measuring wound dressings.

Background:

The main complications in the healing of surgical e.g., post-operative) wounds are caused by (1) bacterial infections, (2) the discharge of blood or seroma, and (3) haemorrhage or seroma formation.

Methods:

In this new concept described and explained here, these problems can all be monitored using purely textile smart wound dressings in which sensors in the form of functionalized yarns are incorporated into a carrier textile.

Results:

Technical skin models are described which can be used to assess how different dressings respond to simulated skin properties. The skin models are (1) a temperature model with simulated “inflamed” skin suture, (2) a moisture model with a sudden increase in water content, and (3) a model showing the elongation of wound dressings with fixed (taped) edges when the tissue volume increases.

Conclusion:

Key variables for assessing the quality of the skin models are presented.
Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Pulsed Electric Field Terhadap Kualitas Probiotik Pakan Ternak dari Cacing Tanah
Authors: Hermanto Mochamad Bagus , Putranto Angky Wahyu , Azra Wafa Nida Faida ,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: April 2022

Cacing tanah atau Lumbricus rubellus adalah salah satu cacing yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Cacing ini memiliki karakteristik hidup yang mudah, cepat berkembangbiak dengan ciri - ciri panjang tubuh 8 cm–14 cm. Oleh karena itu, cacing ini banyak dibudidayakan karena dapat diolah menjadi berbagai macam produk seperti probiotik pakan ternak. Probiotik berbahan cacing memiliki kandungan protein yang sangat tinggi sebesar 64-76%, serat kasar 45% dan kandungan lainnya yang dapat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan ternak. Pemanasan secara konvensional sebelum proses fermentasi secara tidak langsung menurunkan kandungan protein pada cacing tanah. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan teknologi pulsed electric field (PEF) pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjaga stabilitas protein sekaligus mengurangi kontaminasi produk fermentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor, suhu dan waktu pemberian PEF yang diberikan sebelum bahan diproses. Sedangkan pemilihan perlakuan terbaik menggunakan metode Multiple Attribute Zeleny. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan waktu pretreatment PEF, berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap warna pada probiotik pakan ternak dari cacing tanah. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada pretreatment pada suhu 270C dan waktu 30 detik dengan nilai pH sebesar 4.8 dan nilai warna untuk tingkat kecerahan (L*) sebesar 4.8, tingkat kemerahan (a) sebesar 40.90 dan tingkat kekuningan (b) sebesar 2.12.
Impact of e-sport games on the character building and sports culture
Authors: Nugroho Sigit , Sumarjo Sumarjo , Nasrulloh Ahmad , Pratama Kukuh Wahyudin
Published: April 2022

E-Sport games are examples of a game that is played without engaging in any physical activity. The objective of the research is to determine the impact of e-Sport games on character building and sports culture. This research utilized mixed methods. The researchers were using questionnaires to collect the quantitative data and they used qualitative data triangulation to collect the qualitative data. The students and lecturers of the Faculty of Sports Science, Yogyakarta State University comprised the research population. The convenience sampling technique was used to select the 35 students, while the lecturers and trainers used the purposive sampling with a total of 5 people. The quantitative research instrument consisted of a modified Likert scale questionnaire and the qualitative research instrument consisted of the researcher himself assisted by a list of themes. The researchers used Miles and Huberman’s quantitative data analysis techniques with descriptive percentage and qualitative analysis techniques for the data analysis. The findings of the research on e-Sport games have an impact on the formation of positive and negative characters. The impact of positive characters includes honesty, responsibility, cooperation, and courtesy and the impact of negative characters is depression, stress, and anxiety. While the influence of e-Sport games in sports culture includes hard work, discipline, respect, and competition. The positive impact of e-Sport games is in the very good category, with the highest factor being honesty (100%). The negative impact is in the moderate category, with the highest factor being depression (52.5%). While the e-Sport game on sports culture is in the very good category, with the highest influence is on hard work (95%). This research can be concluded that e-Sport games have a very good impact on character building and sports culture.
Digital technology in physical education distance learning during pandemic: teachers’ perspective
Authors: Nopembri Soni , Saryono Saryono , Muktiani Nur Rohmah , Listyarinni Anastasia Erlina , Shahril Mohd Izwan Bin
Published: April 2022

The aims of study to describe the utilization of information technology and telecommunications in Physical Education (PE) distance learning process during the covid-19 pandemic. This quantitative study conducted  with a survey method. The subjects of this study were primary and secondary school PE teachers who were determined based on clusters of three regions/regions, namely: schools in urban, suburban, and rural areas in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with a total of 238 people.  Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to the primary and secondary school PE teachers online and offline. The data analysis applied is descriptive quantitative with percentages. The results of the study show that PE teachers apply hardware and software that already exist and are popular in Indonesia. PE teachers  communicate with their students, especially WhatsApp, Email, Instagram, and Facebook, and also use social media applications in various ways. The utilzation of the Google Classroom as a Learning Management System (LMS) is very dominant.
An enhanced adaptive duty cycle scheme for energy efficiency and QoS awareness in wireless sensor networks
Authors:   Faculty Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia, et al. Shallahuddin
Published: April 2022

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a small device that has batteries and radios to connect to the internet. The main problem with WSNs is a limited energy source, energy studies needed to ensure that these sensor nodes can last longer, especially since a lot of energy is wasted during idle listening, overhearing, and data collision that occurs at the medium access control (MAC) layer. The common mechanism used for saving energy in WSN, specifically at the MAC layer is the duty cycle schedule. Duty cycling coordinates sleep-wake time sensor nodes to maximize network lifetime while achieving specific application goals such as high throughput or low latency. Duty cycling of every node should be adjusted separately at any runtime depending on the network conditions to achieve desired delay guarantees and energy efficiency. Recently, a few adaptive duty cycle schemes were introduced, these schemes have reduced energy consumption by some degree, this leaves an open end to the degradation of the quality of service. In this study, adaptive duty cycles enhanced with a priority queue where packet size is the parameter to adjust the duty cycle in order to get efficient energy consumption. A variant of packet size tested to ensure optimum quality of services (QoS). These factors determine the duration of a node’s listen period for various packet transmission scenarios and requirements. As the result, the proposed Enhanced S-MAC (ESMAC) shows an improvement in the energy consumption and QoS compared to the default MAC protocol and S-MAC protocol. The success of this project will contribute to the performance improvement of sensing devices.
From Ovarian Development to Folliculogenesis: Essential Networks Sustaining the Ovarian Reserve
Authors:   Diseases Network Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland, Naillat Florence
Published: April 2022

In the last four decades, transgenic and knockout mouse models have helped to understand the mechanisms of mammalian sex determination, germ cell development, and adult gonad functions. We have gained crucial insights into molecular factors and pathways of the cells generating either the supporting gonadal cells or germ cells of both sexes. In this review, we highlighted some of the main gene networks and regulatory mechanisms involved in the plasticity of sex-determining pathways that help to establish a functional ovary that can nurture the follicles to generate a good ovarian reserve, both in quantity and quality. Although this level of plasticity is still found in the fully differentiated gonads, errors like mutations or epigenetic modifications impact ovarian development and, later, folliculogenesis, resulting in infertility. To highlight some adverse reproductive outcomes associated with perturbations at the molecular and cellular levels in human folliculogenesis, two examples, i.e., Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI), were selected and briefly discussed in this review.
Organ System Bleeding in the PLADO Trial
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Uhl Lynne , Hamza Taye H. ,   HealthCore Inc, Watertown, MA, Gernsheimer Terry ,   University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA, Slichter Sherrill J. ,   Bloodworks Northwest, Seattle, WA, USA
Published: April 2022

In the multi-institutional platelet dose trial (PLADO Trial), there were 1,077 hematology/oncology patients ≥18 years of age who received at least one platelet transfusion. These patients were analyzed for types and severity of organ system bleeding based on baseline patient characteristics, laboratory assays, primary diagnosis, and type of treatment. Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three different prophylactic platelet doses for morning platelet counts of ≤10 × 109 /L. Daily assessments of bleeding in nine organ systems were performed and bleeding severity was based on a WHO bleeding scale. For the purposes of analyses, Grade 2A bleeding was defined to be WHO Grade 2 bleeding that was not solely due to purpura. Grade 2A or greater bleeding occurred in 616 patients (57.2%) on 13.3% of study days predominately in the GI (31.2% of patients on 4.4% of days), GU (21.1% of patients on 5.1% of days), pulmonary (17.6% of patients on 2.7% of days), and oral/nasal systems (14.6% of patients on 2.0% of days). Grade 3 or greater bleeding occurred in 102 patients (9.5%) on 0.8% of study days. CNS bleeding occurred in 2.7% of patients on 0.2% of study days and was independent of platelet count. Treatment stratum (ALLO, CHEMO, AUTO) impacted degree of bleeding and onset; and distribution of involved organs systems. Secondary analyses of the PLADO Trial patient data, the largest patient dataset curated to date, showed that patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia experience significant bleeding in multiple organ systems, which varies by treatment group, but is independent of platelet dose.
Video-Observed Therapy With a Notification System for Improving the Monitoring of Tuberculosis Treatment in Thailand: Usability Study
Authors: Kumwichar Ponlagrit , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi , Prappre Tagoon
Published: April 2022

Background

In Thailand, the health care system has struggled to cope with COVID-19, resulting in directly observed therapy for tuberculosis being de-emphasized. A video-observed therapy (VOT) system, or more specifically, the Thai VOT (TH VOT) system, was developed to replace directly observed therapy. According to the pilot study, the system needed notifications to improve usability and user compliance. The updated version of the TH VOT system thus enabled LINE (Line Corporation) notifications.

Objective

This study aimed to reassess users’ compliance with and the usability of the updated TH VOT system.

Methods

This study was conducted in the Hat Yai and Mueang Songkhla districts in Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand, from September 18 to December 1, 2021. The system was used by not only patients with tuberculosis but also tuberculosis staff, who acted as observers in primary health care settings. Some of the observers used the simulated VOT system instead of the actual system due to the lack of participating patients in their jurisdiction. After 30 days of using the system, VOT session records were analyzed to determine the compliance of the patients and observers. The User Experience Questionnaire was administered to reassess the usability of the system and compare the ratings of the participants with the general benchmark scores of the User Experience Questionnaire. The results were summarized to reveal the degree of user compliance and usability in the following three groups: the patients, actual VOT observers, and simulated VOT observers.

Results

Of the 19 observers, 10 used the actual VOT system, and the remaining 9 used the simulated VOT system; there were also 10 patients with tuberculosis. The patients, actual VOT observers, and simulated VOT observers exhibited about 70%, 65%, and 50% compliance, respectively, in terms of following the standard operating procedures every day. The scores of all groups on all dimensions were well above the average scores. There was no significant difference in any of the dimensional scores among the three groups.

Conclusions

The updated version of the TH VOT system was deemed usable by both the patients and the health care staff. Compliance with the use of the system was high among the patients but moderate among the observers.
Recommendations for Better Adoption of Medical Photography as a Clinical Tool
Authors: Wongvibulsin Shannon , Feterik Kristian
Published: April 2022

The use of photography in routine clinical practice has the potential to increase the efficiency of overall patient care as well as improve clinical documentation and provider-to-provider communication. This is particularly important in the setting of provider burnout in the electronic health record era and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the potential of photographs to enhance workflows and patient care, challenges remain that hinder the successful incorporation of medical photography into clinical practice, often because of inconsistent structure and implementation. Our proposed consolidated framework for clinical photography consists of five key aspects: appropriate informed consent; proper preparation and positioning; image acquisition with consideration of the field of view, orientation, focus, resolution, scale, and color calibration; streamlined and secure image storage and documentation; and interoperable file exchange. Overall, this viewpoint is a forward-looking paper on leveraging medical photography as an electronic health record tool for clinical care, research, and education.
Effectiveness of an Online Peer Gatekeeper Training Program for Postsecondary Students on Suicide Prevention in Japan: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Nozawa Kyosuke , Ishii Ayaka , Asaoka Hiroki , Iwanaga Mai , Kumakura Yousuke , Oyabu Yuri , Shinozaki Tomohiro , Imamura Kotaro , Kawakami Norito , Miyamoto Yuki
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Postsecondary student suicide is one of Japan’s most severe public health problems. Gatekeeper training (GKT) programs are a generally recommended suicide prevention intervention in Japan. For suicide countermeasures, an online program tailored to students may enhance self-efficacy as a gatekeeper.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe a research protocol to investigate the effect of a newly developed internet-delivered online peer GKT program to improve postsecondary student self-efficacy as gatekeepers for suicide countermeasures in Japan.

METHODS

This study is a 2-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 (intervention: waiting list) allocation. Participants (n=320) will be recruited, and those who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to the intervention or waiting list control group. An approximately 85-minute, 6-section, internet-based gatekeeper program for postsecondary students has been developed that includes videos to help participants acquire skills as gatekeepers. The intervention group will complete the program within 10 days. The primary outcome, self-efficacy as a gatekeeper, is measured using the Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale at baseline, immediately after taking the program, and 2 months after the survey after completing the program follow-up. To compare the primary outcomes, a t test, where the significance level is 5% (2-sided), will be used to test the intervention effect on an intention-to-treat basis.

RESULTS

The study was at the stage of data collection at the time of submission. We recruited participants for this study during August and September 2021, and data collection will continue until December 2021. The data analysis related to the primary outcome will start in December 2021, and we hope to publish the results in 2022 or 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of an online GKT program for postsecondary students to improve self-efficacy as a gatekeeper using a randomized controlled trial design. The study will explore the potential of an online peer gatekeeper program for postsecondary students that can be disseminated online to a large number of students with minimal cost.

CLINICALTRIAL

University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000045325; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000051685

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/34832
Exploring the utilization of Anat remote prescriptions in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive study (Preprint)
Authors: AlHassoun Roaa Khaled , AlDossary Sharifah Abdullah
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected health care systems in numerous ways. Various health care technologies have been used to mitigate the risk of disease transmission. Telemedicine is one such technology, and remote consulting and prescribing comprise one of the key aspects of telemedicine. In Saudi Arabia, the use of telephone health services via the Medical Consultation Call Center (937) has become more prevalent. The 937 Call Center is a service through which the Saudi Ministry of Health provides free medical consultation services for citizens, residents, and visitors in Saudi Arabia. After a consultation, a provider can issue e-prescriptions in an authenticated manner through the Anat platform. The e-prescribing system creates the opportunity to identify the rates of primary adherence -defined, in this study, as the retrieval of a medication from the pharmacy within 3 days of its prescription- and antibiotic prescription.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the utilization of the Anat remote prescription system in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the factors associated with antibiotic prescription and primary medication adherence.

METHODS

This retrospective analysis included data from the Anat e‑prescription system regarding a stratified random sample of 25000 prescriptions issued in Saudi Arabia in 2020. Predictive factors related to the patients, practitioners, and prescriptions were identified through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS

Of the 25000 e‑prescriptions examined, 8885 were ultimately dispensed; thus, the primary medication adherence rate was 35.5%. The significant predictors of primary adherence in this study were children, respiratory diseases, and antibacterial drugs. In addition, antibiotics made up 32.1% of the e-prescriptions in this study. The prescription of antibiotics was significantly associated with male sex, children, genitourinary system diseases, and being treated by radiologists.

CONCLUSIONS

Almost two thirds 62.2% of the e-prescriptions in this study were not dispensed, and the overall prevalence of antibiotic e-prescriptions was 32.1%. The findings of this study highlight the need for targeted interventions directed toward improving primary medication adherence and and antibiotics prescription. Furthermore, this study’s findings may help decision makers in improving the system and making patient-centered care more efficient.
Content of lymphocytes with markers CD8+ and CD95+ in women 40-60 years old in the arctic region in normal and in pathology
Authors:   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergeeva Tatyana B. , Morozova Olga S. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shashkova Elizaveta Yu. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Filippova Oksana E. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shchegoleva Lyubov S. ,   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The natural discomfort of the North is determined by a combination of geographical, climatic, hydrological and other conditions and has an adverse impact on human health. Arterial hypertension (arterial hypertension) in the inhabitants of the North often proceeds malignantly, gives a high frequency of complications in the form of damage to target organs and is one of the most frequent and typical diseases in extreme conditions of nature and work. Early detection of hypertension, timely treatment that improves the quality of life of a person, especially women aged 40-60 years in conditions of increasing the retirement age, is extremely important. To determine the levels of cytotoxic activity and apoptosis in women 40-60 years old with a history of chronic pathology (arterial hypertension) and practically healthy (control). The complex of immunological examination of people included the determination of leukogram, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phenotyping of lymphocytes: CD8+ (T-suppressor cells), CD95+ (Fas-ligand), using the method of indirect immunoperoxidase reaction using monoclonal antibodies in 116 women 40-60 years old living in the Far North of the Russian Federation (Nadym, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District and Pinega, Arkhangelsk region). Among them: 46 people — persons with a history of chronic pathology (arterial hypertension) and 70 people — practically healthy persons. Thus, in women 40-60 years old with arterial hypertension, there is an increased content of the total number of lymphocytes, T-suppressors (CD8+), Fas-ligand (CD95+) in 4,30-60,90% of cases, depending on the indicator. Among healthy women aged 40-60 years, an increased content of T-suppressors (CD8+) and Fas-ligand (CD95+) in 47.88 and 21.12% of cases, respectively, indicates that they are at risk of developing hypertension.
Heart rate variability in preschool children living in different types of settlements of the Murmansk region
Authors:   Research Center for Medical and Biological Problems, Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pryanichnikov Sergei V. , Martynova Alla A. ,   Research Center for Medical and Biological Problems, Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the work is a territorial comparison of the functional state of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in preschool children living in urban and rural areas of the Murmansk region. Methods. 248 children aged 3-7 years were investigated in three districts of the Murmansk region. The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) was carried out using the hardware-software complex «Omega-M». The data are presented by indicators of descriptive nonparametric statistics (median and as a measure of the percentile span (25-75)), rank analysis of differences between variables (U-test, Mann-Whitney). Comparison of independent samples was carried out using the Mann-Whitney test. The differences between the variables were considered significant at a value of p≤0.05. Results. HRV data, when compared by age, significantly differ in groups of 3-4 and 5-7 years. Heart rate indices (U=2871.5, p<0.001) are lower in the 5 –year-old group with high temporal indices of RMSSD (U=3446.0, p<0.001), and SDNN (U=3615.0, p<0.001). The data of temporal and spectral analysis, when compared by sex, significantly differ, in 4-year-old boys TR, ms² U=265.5 (p<0.019), RMSSD U=258.0 (p<0.014) and pNN50 (%) U=268.5 (p<0.02) higher, girls HF, % U=271.0 (p<0.02) in the total power spectrum (TP), SI U=278.0 (p<0.03) lower with a high contribution of second-order waves VLF, % U=262.0 (p<0.016). At the age of 6 years, the trend is reversed; in girls, the indicators of TR, ms (U=100.0, p<0.03), RMSSD (U=97.0, p<0.024) and pNN50 (%) (U=102.0, p<0.035) are higher. When comparing HRV indicators, depending on the place of residence, there are high temporal indicators of RMSSD (U=115.0 p<0.038) and SDNN (U=88.0 p<0.012) among residents of the city. Conclusions. The HRV indices in most of the children under study reflect the age-related characteristics of the cardiac stimulating and vasoconstrictor centers of the medulla oblongata, with the predominance of the influence of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Some children aged 3-5 and 7 years have low indicators of the body’s functional capabilities. At the same time, children of the Kola Peninsula living in rural areas have reduced time indicators of HRV, the total power spectrum and its respiratory component.
Morphometric aspaki the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in blood vessels and angiogenesis in experimental cerebral ischemia in conditions of combined use of erythropoietin and laser radiation
Authors:   South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Giniatullin Ravil U. , Osikov Mihail V. ,   South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Kuzmin Andrey N. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital №3, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

The aim of the work — is to investigate the effect of the combined use of erythropoietin (EPO) and laser radiation (LR) on the morphometric features of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and neoangiogenesis in experimental cerebral cortex ischemia (ICGM). Materials and methods of research. The work was performed on 120 white nonlinear rats. ICGM was created by diathermocoagulation of pial vessels in the sensorimotor zone. EPO was applied intraperitoneally at a total dose of 15,000 IU/kg, laser radiation was applied once to the area of the ischemic focus (970 nm, 2 min). The study used histological (staining of sections with hematoxylin and eosin and according to the method of M. Bilshovsky), immunohistochemical (determining the expression of VEGF), morphometric (the number of cells with VEGF expression, the number of small blood vessels were counted, the infarction area was measured), statistical methods of research. The results of the study. The obtained results indicate that the mechanism of the neuroprotective action of EPO is an improvement in microcirculation due to an increase in the number of small blood vessels, and the effect of LR leads to an increase in both the number of blood vessels and an increase in the expression of VEGF in the lesion. Conclusions. 1. During experimental ICGM in rats, the expression of VEGF in the lesion increases and the number of small blood vessels decreases on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 30th days of the experiment. 2. Systemic use of EPO in an experimental ICGM at a total dose of 15,000 IU/kg leads to an increase in the number of small blood vessels, and local exposure to the area of LR ischemia leads to an increase in the expression of VEGF and the number of small blood vessels on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 30th day of the experiment; the representation of blood vessels is higher after exposure to LR compared with the use of EPO. 3. The maximum expression of VEGF and the number of small blood vessels in experimental ICGM were detected after the combined use of EPO and LR.
Specific distribution of human papillomavirus type in patients of different reproductive age with low and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
Authors:   Clinical and Diagnostic Center of Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Pakharukova Mariya I. , Starodubova Irina G. ,   Clinical and Diagnostic Center of Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Lagereva Yulia G. ,   Science Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Beikin Yakov B. ,   Science Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this work was to study the characteristics of human papillomaviruses spread in reproductive age patients with low and high degree squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix in Yekaterinburg. Material and Methods. In with study 140 female patients of reproductive age with histologically confirmed low and high grade intraepithelial lesions were retrospectively included. HPV-genotyping by polymerase chain reaction was carried out in combination with liquid-based cytology BDSurePath. Formed 4 groups: LSIL, age from 18 to 30 years; LSIL, age from 31 to 44; HSIL, ages 18 to 30; HSIL, ages 31 to 44. Results. Analysis of the obtained data demonstrated that HPV 16 prevails in intraepithelial squamous cell lesions of the cervix of low and high degree in women of reproductive age in Yekaterinburg. In women aged 18-30 years, compared with the older reproductive age (31-44 years), multiple infections with 3, 4 or more HPV genotypes are more often recorded, regardless of the degree of damage. In addition to HPV 16, low-grade lesions in young women are most often associated with HPV 31, 51, and 52, and high-grade lesions with types 31, 33 and 52. HPV 33 is characteristic of a high degree of intraepithelial squamous cell lesions, especially in patients of older reproductive age. With intraepithelial squamous lesions of low and high degree, regardless of age, an equally high concentration of HPV DNA is observed.
Evaluation of beef steak flavor development in vacuum rollstock packaging under two lighting sources
Authors: Barker Samantha N. , Legako Jerrad F. , Brooks J. C. , Woerner Dale R
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of lighting type and display duration on flavor development in multiple beef muscles. Paired beef top sirloin butts, strip loins, and tenderloins were collected from USDA Low Choice carcasses (Small00 to Small100 marbling score, n = 16). Subprimals were wet-aged in the absence of light for 7 d post-mortem at 0 to 4⁰C before being fabricated into 2.54 cm steaks representing the Gluteus medius (GM), Longissimus lumborum (LL), and Psoas major (PM). Steaks were packaged individually in vacuum rollstock packaging (VRP), and assigned to either light-emitting diode (LED) or fluorescent (FLUR) display cases for a display period of 0, 2, 6, or 10 d. All steaks were assigned to either trained descriptive panel analysis (n = 384) or volatile compound analysis (n = 384) and cooked to a medium degree of doneness (71⁰C). Trained descriptive panelists evaluated samples for beef flavor identity, brown/roasted, bloody/serumy, fat-like, liver-like, oxidized, umami, sweet, salty, bitter, sour, overall tenderness, and overall juiciness attributes. Two-way interactions occurred between lighting type and display duration, showing increased tenderness sooner during display for LED steaks, and lower umami intensity in FLUR steaks after 10 d (P < 0.001). Lighting and muscle type showed more tender LL and PM steaks in LED lighting (P ≤ 0.001). Lighting and display duration interactions also showed increased concentrations of 2,3- Butanedione under FLUR light and ethyl benzene under LED display (P ≤  0.043), while lighting and muscle type showed greater concentrations of alcohols and carboxylic acids in LL steaks under LED lighting (P ≤ 0.046). Discriminate function analyses were also used to evaluate relationships between trained sensory attributes and volatile flavor compounds. Nonetheless, lighting type showed no clear impact on beef flavor and volatile compounds of individually packaged beef steaks.
Effect of Extended Postmortem Aging on Beef Muscles of Differing Quality Grade during Retail Display
Authors: Karney Erin D. , Nair Mahesh N. , Rice Emily , Thompson Tyler W. , Belk Keith E. , Woerner Dale R.
Published: April 2022

Aging of beef subprimals is a common industry practice to improve tenderness. However, the effect of extended aging (up to 63 d) on retail shelf life, tenderness, and eating quality of beef strip loin and sirloin of differing quality grades is not clearly understood. Therefore, in the current study, longissimus dorsi (strip loin) and gluteus medius muscles (sirloin) were collected from USDA Choice or Select carcasses and fabricated into 6 portions. Each of these portions was designated to an assigned time of wet aging (14, 21, 28, 35, 45, or 63 d) in vacuum bags. After aging, samples were fabricated into steaks and placed into a multideck retail display case for 72 h. Steaks were evaluated for color (instrumental and color panelists) every 8 h during retail display, and Warner-Bratzler shear force and sensory analysis were conducted after retail display. The results were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS with repeated measures for the color data. Among the effects evaluated (aging, quality grade, and aging×quality grade), quality grade was not significant (P>0.05) for either strip loin or sirloin steaks. An aging×display hour interaction was identified (P<0.05) for the color measurements. In general, as aging time increased over the display period, color was negatively impacted. Although tenderness improved (P<0.05) with aging, the incidence of off-flavors also increased, especially in sirloin steaks, suggesting that beef processors need to consider flavor changes during extended aging.
CZEV502 – AN M DWARF NEAR THE LEO TRIPLET WITH VERY STRONG FLARES
Authors: Lişka J. , Hudec R. , Mikulášek Z. , Zejda M. , Janík J. , Štrobl J.
Published: April 2022

Discovery of flares in the M dwarf CzeV502 and our follow-up results are presented. We classify it as a dMe eruptive variable of UV Ceti type due to the X-ray activity, measured B − V of 1.5 mag, Hα; emission, and flares. Our monitoring revealed only one reliable and one suspected superflare in 58 nights (210 hrs). The strongest flare with ΔR = 1.5 mag (ΔB ≈ 6-8 mag) could have a total energy of 3E+34 erg. The ASAS-SN data may contain 4 events up to ΔV of 0.43 mag and 12.55 d periodicity corresponding to the rotation or possible binarity. Other brightenings in sky survey (ASAS-3, CRTS, NSVS, and KWS) are doubtful. No event was unveiled on the 1 600 photographic plates. The upper rate limit of 1-2 superflares/1 640 hrs corresponds to activity several orders higher than for other M-dwarfs, especially, for the slow rotators. The low amplitude flares ( ΔB < 0.5 mag) may be common (1 flare/4 hrs).
Review of Various Technology Automatic Dimming Control of LED Street Light
Authors: Shende Arati , Gatpade Pooja , Marekar Shubham , Bhaisare Prof. Sagar
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In present day, the maintenance of streetlight is one of the major problem for electricity boards in India. Also, there is scope for saving power during off peak time i.e. in from around midnight 12AM to 04AM in the morning. The methods that are currently used to maintain and control the street light is more complex and uneconomical. In this paper a new technique is proposed to control the intensity of LED Street lights using LDR, and to automate street lights using PIR sensors, and LDRs, resulting in power saving. Implementation is done using PIC controller. This paper presents a smart street lighting system which provides a safe night time environment for all road users and pedestrian. The main objectives are to build an automation system of street lighting using a low-cost microcontroller which is PIC and to achieve energy-saving. Light Emitting Diode (LED) is represented as the light module. This system is controlled according to the specific mode. These modes are controlled by two sensors which are Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor. This system can automatically turn on and off the lights according to traffic flow. This system operates during the night and the focus is only for the one-way road at a junction. Street light will be on when only there is road user otherwise, it will turn off. This design can save a great amount of electricity or energy consumption compared to conventional street lights that keep alight during nights. Moreover, the maintenance cost can be reduced and lifespan of the system will increase. As the result, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as a model system. Keywords: PIR, LDR, Streetlights, Power supply, microcontroller
A Review of Automatic Irradiation Adjustment Based LED Street Light with Vehicle Movement Detection
Authors: Gudadhe Mansee , Nanaware Sakshi , Bagde Naynika , Bhaisare Prof. Sagar
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In present day, the maintenance of streetlight is one of the major problem for electricity boards in India. Also, there is scope for saving power during off peak time i.e. in from around midnight 12AM to 04AM in the morning. The methods that are currently used to maintain and control the street light is more complex and uneconomical. In this paper a new technique is proposed to control the intensity of LED Street lights using LDR, and to automate street lights using PIR sensors, and LDRs, resulting in power saving. Implementation is done using PIC controller. This paper presents a smart street lighting system which provides a safe night time environment for all road users and pedestrian. The main objectives are to build an automation system of street lighting using a low-cost microcontroller which is PIC and to achieve energy-saving. Light Emitting Diode (LED) is represented as the light module. This system is controlled according to the specific mode. These modes are controlled by two sensors which are Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor. This system can automatically turn on and off the lights according to traffic flow. This system operates during the night and the focus is only for the one-way road at a junction. Street light will be on when only there is road user otherwise, it will turn off. This design can save a great amount of electricity or energy consumption compared to conventional street lights that keep alight during nights. Moreover, the maintenance cost can be reduced and lifespan of the system will increase. As the result, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as a model system Keywords: PIR, LDR, Streetlights, Power supply, microcontroller
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENENTU SIMPANAN MUDHARABAH BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA
Authors: Rahmi Zulfa Nahdia , Zuhroh Idah
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted to find out how the development and influence of Islamic Bank Mudharabah Deposits in Indonesia and Malaysia. The analysis technique used is the panel with a purposive sampling, data regression with quantitative inferential type of the research is using secondary data from Financial Report data for each Sharia bank in Indonesia and Malaysia and World Bank data for 2010-2018. Simultaneous test results show that the value of F-count 192.775> F-table 2.56 of these values can be concluded that H0 is rejected, which means there is an influence simultaneously and together on the variable ROA, Profit Sharing, Inflation and GDP of the variable Mudharabah Deposits in Islamic banks in Indonesia in 2010-2018. Furthermore, for the Malaysian results, the F-count value is 49.99581> F-table 2.56 from that value that H0 is rejected, which means that there is a simultaneous and joint influence on the ROA, Profit Sharing, Inflation and GDP variables of the Mudharabah Deposit variable at the Bank Sharia in Malaysia in 2010-2018.
Covid-19 Di Indonesia: Pemodelan Dan Analisis Perbedaan Kondisi Perekonomian Sebelum Dan Sesudah Pandemi
Authors: Ridha Muhammad Rismawan
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted various human economic activities. Restrictions on people's movements with Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) have resulted in sluggish production activities and capital outflows which have resulted in a weakening of the rupiah exchange rate. In addition to impacting the exchange rate, the Covid-19 pandemic also had an impact on declining sales in the automotive sector. This study aims to model the increase in the number of positive cases of Covid-19 in Indonesia as well as to identify differences in economic conditions before and after the pandemic and the enactment of the PSBB. The data source used from the website of the Covid-19 Handling Task Force, Bank Indonesia, and the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Based on the results of the analysis, the ARIMA (2,1,1) ARCH (1) model is the right model to be used to predict positive case data for Covid-19. In addition, paired sample t-test analysis shows that there are significant differences in economic conditions in Indonesia before and after the Covid-19 pandemic and the implementation of large-scale social restrictions.
Analisis Sektor Ekonomi Potensial Dalam Mendorong Pembangunan Ekonomi Daerah Di Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Rohmah Maulinda Lailatul
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to determine the potential economic sector in Trenggalek Regency in encouraging regional economic development. The data used are Gross Regional Domestic Product data based on 2010 constant prices in 2015-2019 and data on the 2010-2019 gross regional domestic products based on regular prices for the residency of Kediri in 2015-2019. Based on the Location Quentiont analysis results, included in the fundamental and leading sectors in Trenggalek Regency are the Transportation and Warehousing sector; Electricity and Gas Procurement; Health Services and Social Activities; Financial Services and Insurance. Economic sectors that have competitive advantages and specialization are the Mining and Quarrying sector; Electricity and Gas Procurement; Water Supply, Waste Management, and Recycling; Construction; Transportation and Warehousing; Food and Drink Accommodation Providers; Information and Communication; Financial Services and Insurance; Real Estate; Government Administration, Defense, and Mandatory Social Security; Health Services and Social Activities; and Other Services. Mapping economic potential in Trenggalek Regency, the economic sectors that fall into the classification of Quadrant I, namely fast-growing and fast-growing, are the Manufacturing Industry sector; Electricity and Gas Procurement; Transportation and Warehousing; Financial Services and Insurance; Company Services; and Health Services and Social Activities.