bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUMAN TOXOPLASMOSIS OUTBREAKS AND THE AGENT INFECTING FORM. FINDINGS FROM A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: MEIRELES Luciana Regina , EKMAN Claudio Cesar Jaguaribe , ANDRADE JR Heitor Franco de , LUNA Expedito José de Albuquerque
Published: November 2015

SUMMARY Toxoplasmosis, a worldwide highly prevalent zoonotic infection, is transmitted either by the oocysts, from water and soil, or the tissue cysts, in raw or undercooked infected meat, of Toxoplasma gondii. An ongoing debate is whether there are differences between the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the outbreaks due to one or the other infective form of the agent. We performed a systematic review, recovering 437 reported outbreaks of which 38 were selected. They were complete reports containing ascribed Toxoplasma infecting form, and clinical and demographic data. There was no gender or age group selection in the outbreaks, which were described more often in the Americas. A large number of individuals were affected when oocysts, associated with soil and water contaminated with cat feces, were considered the transmission source. Onset of symptoms occurred early when the infection was ascribed to meat tissue cysts (11.4 ± 6.7 days) with sharpened temporal distribution of cases, while a broader and prolonged appearance of new cases was observed when oocysts in water were the source of the infection (20 ± 7 days, p < 0.001). Such information may be useful in the design and implementation of control strategies.
NEW PRIMERS FOR DETECTION OF Leishmania infantum USING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
Authors: GUALDA Kézia Peres , MARCUSSI Lílian Mathias , NEITZKE-ABREU Herintha Coeto , ARISTIDES Sandra Mara Alessi , LONARDONI Maria Valdrinez Campana , CARDOSO Rosilene Fressatti , SILVEIRA Thaís Gomes Verzignassi
Published: November 2015

SUMMARY Leishmania infantum causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the New World. The diagnosis of VL is confirmed by parasitological and serological tests, which are not always sensitive or specific. Our aim was to design new primers to perform a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for detecting L. infantum. Sequences of the minicircle kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) were obtained from GenBank, and the FLC2/RLC2 primers were designed. Samples of DNA from L. infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania guyanensis, Leishmania naiffi, Leishmania lainsoni, Leishmania panamensis, Leishmania major and Trypanosoma cruzi were used to standardize the PCR. PCR with FLC2/RLC2 primers amplified a fragment of 230 bp and the detection limit was 0.2 fg of L. infantum DNA. Of the parasite species assayed, only L. infantum DNA was amplified. After sequencing, the fragment was aligned to GenBank sequences, and showed (99%) homology with L. infantum. In the analysis of blood samples and lesion biopsy from a dog clinically suspected to have VL, the PCR detected DNA from L. infantum. In biopsy lesions from humans and dogs with cutaneous leishmaniasis, the PCR was negative. The PCR with FLC2/RLC2 primers showed high sensitivity and specificity, and constitutes a promising technique for the diagnosis of VL.
ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIALLY PATHOGENIC Escherichia coli AND Campylobacter jejuni IN FERAL PIGEONS FROM AN URBAN AREA IN THE CITY OF LIMA, PERU
Authors: CABALLERO Moisés , RIVERA Isabel , JARA Luis M. , ULLOA-STANOJLOVIC Francisco M. , SHIVA Carlos
Published: November 2015

SUMMARY Feral pigeons (Columbia livia) live in close contact with humans and other animals. They can transmit potentially pathogenic and zoonotic agents. The objective of this study was to isolate and detect strains of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuniof urban feral pigeons from an area of Lima, Peru. Fresh dropping samples from urban parks were collected for microbiological isolation of E. coli strains in selective agar, and Campylobacterby filtration method. Molecular identification of diarrheagenic pathotypes of E.coliand Campylobacter jejuni was performed by PCR. Twenty-two parks were sampled and 16 colonies of Campylobacter spp. were isolated. The 100% of isolates were identified as Campylobacter jejuni. Furthermore, 102 colonies of E. coli were isolated and the 5.88% resulted as Enteropathogenic (EPEC) type and 0.98% as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). The urban feral pigeons of Lima in Peru can act as a reservoir or carriers of zoonotic potentially pathogenic enteric agents.
IMMUNODIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN STRONGYLOIDIASIS: USE OF SIX DIFFERENT ANTIGENIC FRACTIONS FROM Strongyloides venezuelensis PARASITIC FEMALES
Authors: CORRAL Marcelo Andreetta , PAULA Fabiana Martins de , GOTTARDI Maiara , MEISEL Dirce Mary Correia Lima , CASTILHO Vera Lucia Pagliusi , GONÇALVES Elenice Messias do Nascimento , CHIEFFI Pedro Paulo , GRYSCHEK Ronaldo Cesar Borges
Published: November 2015

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate six different antigenic fractions from Strongyloides venezuelensis parasitic females for the immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Soluble and membrane fractions from S. venezuelensis parasitic females were prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (SSF and SMF, respectively), Tris-HCl (TSF and TMF, respectively), and an alkaline buffer (ASF and AMF, respectively). Serum samples obtained from patients with strongyloidiasis or, other parasitic diseases, and healthy individuals were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Soluble fractions SSF, TSF, and ASF showed 85.0%, 75.0%, and 80.0% sensitivity and 93.1%, 93.1%, and 87.5% specificity, respectively. Membrane fractions SMF, TMF, and AMF showed 80.0%, 75.0%, and 85.0% sensitivity, and 95.8%, 90.3%, and 91.7% specificity, respectively. In conclusion, the present results suggest that the fractions obtained from parasitic females, especially the SSF and SMF, could be used as alternative antigen sources in the serodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis.
Epidemiologia e distribuição de lesões extrarrenais de uremia em 161 cães
Authors: Silveira Isadora P. , Inkelmann Maria Andréia , Tochetto Camila , Rosa Fábio Brum , Fighera Rafael A. , Irigoyen Luiz F. , Kommers Glaucia D.
Published: November 2015

Resumo: Com o objetivo de determinar a epidemiologia e as características morfológicas, incluindo a localização anatômica, das lesões extrarrenais de uremia, bem como determinar as principais lesões do sistema urinário associadas à ocorrência de uremia, foram revisados os protocolos de necropsias de cães realizadas no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria de janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2012 (17 anos). Nesse período foram necropsiados 4.201 cães, sendo que 161 (3,8%) apresentaram lesões extrarrenais de uremia. Em 134 cães (83,2%) foram descritos sinais clínicos associados à uremia. As lesões extrarrenais mais frequentes, em ordem decrescente, foram: gastrite ulcerativa e hemorrágica (56,5%), mineralização de tecidos moles (55,9%), edema pulmonar (47,2%), estomatite e/ou glossite ulcerativa (30,4%), endocardite/trombose atrial e aórtica (28,6%), hiperplasia das paratireoides (9,3%), osteodistrofia fibrosa (8,1%), anemia (6,2%), laringite ulcerativa (5%), enterite ulcerativa/hemorrágica (3,7%), esofagite fibrinonecrótica (1,9%) e pericardite fibrinosa (1.9%). Na maioria dos casos as lesões extrarrenais de uremia foram decorrentes de azotemia prolongada por lesões renais graves, sendo as mais prevalentes a nefrite intersticial e a glomerulonefrite.
Celularidade do leite e Unidades Formadoras de Colônias nas mastites causadas por Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e coagulase negativa
Authors: Langoni Helio , Guimarães Felipe Freitas , Costa Elizabeth Oliveira da , Joaquim Samea Fernandes , Menozzi Benedito Donizete
Published: November 2015

Resumo: A mastite é a principal afecção do gado destinado à produção leiteira, que impacta significativamente a cadeia produtiva do leite, com reflexos ainda para a saúde pública. Estudou-se aspectos relacionados à etiologia, celularidade e de contagem bacteriana em 10 propriedades leiteiras, localizadas no Estado de São Paulo. Foram examinadas 1148 vacas em lactação, totalizando 4584 glândulas mamárias. Foram considerados os casos, em que houve isolamento de estafilococos coagulase positiva (SCP) e estafilococos coagulase negativa (SCN). Os resultados revelaram microbiota com vários patógenos e diferentes espécies de SCN (128 casos) e SCP (45), Staphylococcus aureus(90), Streptococcus agalactiae(70), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (69), Streptococcus uberis(29), Corynebacteriumspp. (230), Klebsiella pneumoniae(28), Klebsiella oxytoca(2), Escherichia coli(15), Enterobactersp. (3). Os resultados de contagem de células somáticas (CCS) relacionados aos SCP e SCN não mostraram diferenças entre as propriedades avaliadas, entretanto com diferenças significantes ao se avaliar a CCS entre os dois grupos de estafilococos, como pode ser evidenciado ao comparar SCN Discreto e SCP exuberante (P<0,01), SCP Discreto e SCP exuberante (P<0,001) e SCN moderado e SCP exuberante (P<0,01). A avaliação da CCS relacionada à intensidade da infecção, considerando-se como crescimento discreto o isolamento de até nove colônias, moderado de dez a 29 colônias e exuberante, com 30 ou mais colônias, revelou para ambos os grupos de estafilococos que quanto maior o número de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC), a CCS é mais elevada, sendo sempre maior nos casos de SCP. Conclui-se que quando há maior número de UFC, há concomitantemente maior CCS/mL de leite, no caso dos SCP e SCN, o que mostra relação direta da intensidade do processo infeccioso com a resposta da celularidade do leite, bem como pela relevância desses na etiologia das mastites e dos aspectos negativos tanto para a produção, quanto na qualidade do leite produzido nas propriedades.
Occurrence and risk factors assessment associated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in chickens in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Sá Sílvio G. de , Pinheiro Júnior José W. , Vilela Sineide M. de Oliveira , Moraes Erica P.B.X. , Albuquerque Pedro P.F. , Ferreira Débora R.A. , Mota Rinaldo A.
Published: November 2015

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection and risk factors of this disease in three hundred serum samples from on 23 familiar agricultural properties in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. ELISA was used to study antibodies anti-Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The univariate analysis (chi-squared test or Fischer's exact test) followed by multivariate analysis (logistic regression) were used to assess the risk factors with two variables: management and sanity of the poultry. It was detected a frequence of 53.33% (157/300) of the birds were positive for MG, with 100% foci. The risk factors confirmed by multivariate analysis, in the present study, were the presence of other poultry species on the property, including Numida meleagris (OR=2.22; p=0.005), parrots (OR=1.72; p=0.027), and of passerines (OR=1.88; p=0.007). These results showed that Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection is endemic among backyard poultry in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco. These birds could be a source of infection for other wild or domestic poultry. . This is the first report of the occurrence of avian mycoplasmosis in backyard poultry in the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil. The risk factors identified should serve as a parameter for the health authorities to seek solutions related to controlling the disease.
Neoplasmas em suínos: 37 casos
Authors: Brum Juliana S. , Martins Tessie B. , Vielmo Andréia , Hammerschmitt Marcia E. , Talini Rafaela , Minozzo Carolina D. , Barros Claudio S.L.
Published: November 2015

Resumo: Neoplasmas em suínos são raros. Esse trabalho descreve os neoplasmas encontrados em suínos na rotina diagnóstica de um laboratório de patologia veterinária localizado na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul. Durante um período de 49 anos, 2.266 casos de várias afecções em suínos foram encontrados, dos quais 37 (1,6%) eram neoplasmas. Em ordem decrescente de frequência, os seguintes neoplasmas foram encontrados: Linfoma (11/37), nefroblastoma (11/37), melanoma (8/37) e papiloma (2/37). Adicionalmente, um caso de cada um dos seguintes tumores foi observado: Adenoma hepatocelular, carcinoma hepatocelular, colangiocarcinoma, histiocitoma fibroso maligno e sarcoma granulocítico. O aspecto macroscópico e histológico desses tumores é descrito e a sua epidemiologia é comparada com os dados disponíveis na literatura para neoplasia suína.
Identification and antimicrobial resistance of members from the Enterobacteriaceae family isolated from canaries (Serinus canaria)
Authors: Horn Ruben V. , Cardoso William M. , Lopes Elisângela S. , Teixeira Régis S.C. , Albuquerque Átilla H. , Rocha-e-Silva Roberta C. , Machado Débora N. , Bezerra Windleyanne G.A.
Published: November 2015

Abstract: The Enterobacteriaceae family contains potentially zoonotic bacteria, and their presence in canaries is often reported, though the current status of these in bird flocks is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the most common genera of enterobacteria from canaries (Serinus canaria) and their antimicrobial resistance profiles. From February to June of 2013, a total of 387 cloacal swab samples from eight domiciliary breeding locations of Fortaleza city, Brazil, were collected and 58 necropsies were performed in canaries, which belonged to the Laboratory of Ornithological Studies. The samples were submitted to microbiological procedure using buffered peptone water and MacConkey agar. Colonies were selected according to their morphological characteristics on selective agar and submitted for biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility. A total of 61 isolates were obtained, of which 42 were from cloacal swabs and 19 from necropsies. The most isolated bacteria was Escherichia coli with twenty five strains, followed by fourteen Klebsiellaspp., twelve Enterobacterspp., seven Pantoea agglomerans, two Serratiaspp. and one Proteus mirabilis. The antimicrobial to which the strains presented most resistance was sulfonamides with 55.7%, followed by ampicillin with 54.1% and tetracycline with 39.3%. The total of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) was 34 (55.7%). In conclusion, canaries harbor members of the Enterobacteriaceae family and common strains present a high antimicrobial resistance rate, with a high frequency of MDR bacteria.
Outbreaks of canid herpesvirus 1 disease in puppies in southern Brazil
Authors: Cargnelutti Juliana F. , Masuda Eduardo K. , Neuls Mariana G. , Weiblen Rudi , Flores Eduardo F.
Published: November 2015

Abstract: Canid herpesvirus 1 (CHV-1) is a widespread pathogen of dogs and produces infertility, abortions and severe systemic disease in young puppies. Clinical data indicate the circulation of CHV-1 among Brazilian dogs yet definitive diagnosis has rarely been accomplished. This article describes the clinicopathological findings of four independent cases/outbreaks of neonatal disease by CHV-1 in Bulldog puppies followed by virus identification and genetic characterization. Three events occurred in a kennel holding dogs of different breeds at reproductive age (March 2013, October 2013 and April 2014). Puppies from three French or English Bulldog litters, aging 9 to 30 days were affected, presenting dyspnea, agonic breathing, pale mucous, abdominal pain and tension, evolving to death within about 24 hours. At necropsy, the puppies presented necrohemorrhagic hepatitis, multifocal and moderate necrohemorrhagic nephritis and fibrinonecrotic interstitial pneumonia. Virus isolation was positive in clinical specimens from one litter and CHV-1 DNA was detected by PCR in tissues from all four cases. Virus-neutralizing assays with samples of the affected kennel revealed 9/12 adult animals with high antibody titers to CHV-1. Nucleotide sequencing of glycoprotein B, C and D genes revealed 99-100% of identity among the viruses and with CHV-1 sequences available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses of gC sequences showed a segregation of the samples, even among three isolates from the same kennel. These findings support CHV-1 infection as the cause of disease and death in these dog litters, reinforcing the need for correct etiologic diagnosis, prevention and immunization against CHV-1 in dogs from Southern Brazil.
Patterns of parasitism by Amblyomma rotundatum (Ixodidae) on Rhinella schneideri (Bufonidae) in islands of São Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Luz Hermes Ribeiro , Faccini João Luiz Horacio , Silva Hélio Ricardo da
Published: November 2015

Abstract: We sampled ticks from specimens of the rococo toad Rhinella schneideriby flannel dragging on two Islands located in the São Francisco River near the Três Marias hydroelectric dam, southeastern Brazil. A total of 120 toads was examined, of which 63 (52.5%) were parasitized only by Amblyomma rotundatumtotaling 96 larvae, 163 nymphs and 134 females. The burden of parasitism ranged from one to 43 ticks, with a mean intensity of infestation of 6.2±5.5 ticks per host. The tick A. rotundatumexhibited highly aggregated distribution. Peak abundance of larvae and nymphs occurred in the dry season (May to September), whereas peak abundance of females occurred in the wet season (October to April). We collected most ticks near the head and hind limbs of R. schneideri. The finding of two engorged A. rotundatumnymphs in the same resting places of two toads and the absence of this species in the dragged areas suggest a nidicolous behavior at the studied site.
Isolation, expansion and differentiation of cellular progenitors obtained from dental pulp of agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831)
Authors: Carvalho Yulla K.P. de , Argôlo-Neto Napoleão M. , Ambrósio Carlos E. , Oliveira Lilian de Jesus de , Rocha Andressa R. da , Silva Janete B. da , Carvalho Maria Acelina M. de , Alves Flávio R.
Published: November 2015

Abstract: The study aimed to isolate, expand, differentiate and characterize progenitor cells existent in the dental pulp of agouti. The material was washed with PBS solution and dissociated mechanically with the aid of a scalpel blade on plates containing culture medium D-MEM/F-12, and incubated at 5% CO2-37⁰C. The growth curve, CFU assay, osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation and characterization were obtained from the isolation. The cells began to be released from the explant tissue around the 7th day of culture. By day 22 of culture, cells reached 80% confluence. At the UFC test, 81 colonies were counted with 12 days of cultivation. The growth curves before and after freezing showed a regular growth with intense proliferation and clonogenic potential. The cell differentiation showed formation of osteoblasts and fat in culture, starting at 15 days of culture in a specific medium. Flow cytometry (FACs) was as follows: CD34 (positive), CD14 (negative), CD45 (negative), CD73 (positive), CD79 (negative), CD90 (positive), CD105 (positive), demonstrating high specificity and commitment of isolated cells with mesenchymal stem cells strains. These results suggest the existence of a cell population of stem cells with mesenchymal features from the isolated tissue in the explants of agouti dental pulp, a potential model for study of stem cell strains obtained from the pulp tissue.
Supplementation of fetal bovine serum alters histone modification H3R26me2 during preimplantation development of in vitro produced bovine embryos
Authors: Arnold Daniel R. , Corrêa Carolina A.P. , Lorena Laura L.G. , Gaspar Roberta C. , Rossi Guilherme F. , Ifran Aderson M. , Penteado João C.T. , Mingoti Gisele , Lopes Flavia L.
Published: November 2015

Abstract In vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos is not only of great economic importance to the cattle industry, but is also an important model for studying embryo development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histone modification, H3R26me2 during pre-implantation development of IVP bovine embryos cultured with or without serum supplementation and how these in vitro treatments compared to in vivo embryos at the morula stage. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, bovine embryos were cultured with either 0 or 2.5% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Development was evaluated and embryos were collected and fixed at different stages during development (2-, 4-, 8-, 16-cell, morula and blastocyst). Fixed embryos were then used for immunofluorescence utilizing an antibody for H3R26me2. Images of stained embryos were analyzed as a percentage of total DNA. Embryos cultured with 2.5% FBS developed to blastocysts at a greater rate than 0%FBS groups (34.85±5.43% vs. 23.38±2.93%; P<0.05). Levels of H3R26me2 changed for both groups over development. In the 0%FBS group, the greatest amount of H3R26me2 staining was at the 4-cell (P<0.05), 16-cell (P<0.05) and morula (P<0.05) stages. In the 2.5%FBS group, only 4-cell stage embryos were significantly higher than all other stages (P<0.01). Morula stage in vivo embryos had similar levels as the 0%FBS group, and both were significantly higher than the 2.5%FBS group. These results suggest that the histone modification H3R26me2 is regulated during development of pre-implantation bovine embryos, and that culture conditions greatly alter this regulation.
Perfil epidemiológico e análise microbiológica da infecção de sítio cirúrgico em pacientes humanos e animais de companhia
Authors: Murta Aline R. , Abreu Jr Nilton B. , Oliveira Larissa S. , Carlo Reis Emily C. , Valente Fabrício L. , Gonçalves Gustavo P. , Eleotério Renato B. , Borges Andréa P.B.
Published: November 2015

Resumo A infecção de sítio cirúrgico (ISC) tem sido apontada como a terceira causa mais comum de infecção nosocomial. Este estudo objetivou determinar o perfil epidemiológico da ISC e sua associação aos fatores de risco descritos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado no Hospital São João Batista de Viçosa-MG e na Clínica Cirúrgica de Cães e Gatos do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Viçosa-MG, no período de setembro de 2012 a fevereiro de 2013. As taxas globais de ISC foram de 0,7% no hospital humano e 3,46% no veterinário. No hospital veterinário, a taxa de ISC não mostrou relação com o potencial de contaminação, apresentando a maior taxa nos procedimentos classificados como limpos. Quanto ao tipo de cirurgia, as ortopédicas são as mais comuns em ambos os hospitais e também as que apresentam maior taxa de ISC. Cirurgias com duração maior que 120 minutos corresponderam a 15,25% do total de procedimentos no hospital humano e são ainda menos comuns no veterinário, com 1,26%. A taxa de ISC não parece estar relacionada à duração da cirurgia nesta estratificação. As bactérias isoladas das feridas cirúrgicas foram multirresistentes e os dados levantados indicam que não houve critério quanto ao emprego da antibioticoprofilaxia, principalmente nas cirurgias limpas. Este cenário mostra que é de extrema relevância a atuação de uma comissão de controle de infecção hospitalar, a fim de garantir obtenção de dados fidedignos, para que se possa avaliar a qualidade do serviço prestado e assim promover a redução dos riscos de complicações pós- operatórias.
Avaliação dos métodos de otoscopia e exame do swab parasitológico no diagnóstico da otocariose canina: uma abordagem bayesiana
Authors: Neves Rita C.S.M. , Mateus Lúcia A.F. , Lima Samara R. , Cruz Felipe A.C.S. , Rosa Jaqueline G. , Ferraz Rosa H.S. , Mendonça Adriane J. , Barros Luciano A.
Published: November 2015

Resumo Ácaros do gênero Otodectes são parasitos encontrados frequentemente no ouvido de cães e gatos, sendo reconhecidos como os principais causadores de otite externa nesses animais. Trezentos e vinte cães, oriundos do município de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, foram examinados através da otoscopia e do exame do swab parasitológico, com o objetivo de avaliar, através da análise bayesiana para a estimativa da prevalência, sensibilidade e especificidade destes métodos no diagnóstico da infestação causada pelo ácaro utilizando-se de dados a priori informativos e não informativos. Cada animal foi considerado uma unidade experimental. Do total de cães examinados, 142 (44,37%) apresentaram-se positivos para otocariose. Em 100 animais (31,25%) a infestação foi diagnosticada pelos dois métodos, em 31 (9,69%) apenas pelo exame do swab parasitológico, em 11 (3,44%) apenas pela otoscopia e em 178 (55,62%) animais o resultado foi negativo por ambos os métodos. A sensibilidade da otoscopia, quando comparada ao exame do swab parasitológico, foi considerada menor, a especificidade dos testes, porém, não difere estatisticamente. O modelo, a priori informativo, demonstrou ser o mais plausível e reduziu consideravelmente o intervalo de credibilidade das estimativas dos parâmetros. Conclui-se que a análise bayesiana é efetiva na estimativa da prevalência e características dos testes diagnósticos.
Oral fibrosarcoma in jararaca (Bothrops pubescens): anatomopathological and immunohistochemical aspects
Authors: Santos Ezequiel D. , Silva Filho José R. , Machado Tanise P. , Dau Stefano L. , Rodriguez Rubens , Motta Adriana C. da
Published: November 2015

Abstract A 4-year-old female captive-bred snake of the genus Bothrops showed swelling on the left side of the oral cavity, suggesting the development of neoplasia. The mass was removed surgically and sent for pathological examination. Two months later a new increase in volume in the same site was observed, suggesting recurrence. The lesion was completely removed and sent for pathological analysis. Histologically, the two-samples consisted of a mass with highly-cell density composed of spindle-shaped anaplastic cells arranged in interwoven bundles, distributed throughout the tissue extension and, occasionally, polygonal cells arranged in irregular fascicles. The Masson trichrome staining showed modest amount of collagen supporting the neoplastic cells. PAS-positive content was not observed in the cytoplasm of neoplastic cells. Histological and histochemical findings indicated that it was a spindle cell neoplasm, but the classification was not possible. Immunohistochemistry was requested and performed using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. The markers used were anti-vimentin, anti-PCNA, anti-EMA, anti-melan A and anti-melanosome, anti-desmin, anti-actin, anti-CD68 and anti- S100protein. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for vimentin and PCNA and negative for the other antibodies. The morphology characterization, histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of neoplastic cells allowed the definitive diagnosis of oral fibrosarcoma.
Morphoquantitative description of bovine digital cushion
Authors: Borges Laura C. , Leonardo André S. , Barreto-Vianna André R.C. , Borges José Renato J. , Castro Márcio B. , Lima Eduardo M. Mendes de
Published: November 2015

Abstract The digital cushion is characterized as a modified subcutaneous tissue that absorbs the shock during gait, assists venous return of the hoof and supports a considerable part of body weight. Digital cushions have particular importance in the pathogenesis of the hoof, since they need to properly work in order to prevent compression and traumas in soft tissues. This study aimed to measure and determine how is the arrangement of these structures, and for this it was established the proportions of connective, adipose, vascular tissues and collagen fibers and collagen types found in palmar and plantar digital cushion of bovine using fore and hindlimbs of twelve adult zebu cattle of both sexes, 11 male and one female, with 269kg average carcass weight and without limb disorders. Fragments of cushions were subjected to conventional histology, cut to a thickness of 4µm and stained with Red Picrosirius. With digital optical microscope, the quantification of the connective tissue and differentiation of types of collagen used the Image Pro Plus® software, and of adipose and vascular tissue, the test point system. The mean and standard error were estimated with the GraphPad Prism 5.0 software, and then data were subjected to Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and Student's t-test with significance level set at 5% for determining the amount of different tissues between fore and hindlimbs of studied animals. In forelimbs the mean and standard error of the connective tissue proportion was 50.10%+1.54, of the adipose tissue was 21.34%+1.44, and of vascular tissue was 3.43%+0.28. Hindlimbs presented a proportion of connective tissue of 61.61%+1.47, 20.66%+1.53 of adipose tissue, and 3.06%+0.20 of vascular tissue. A significant difference (p<0.001) was detected in the connective tissue proportion between fore and hindlimbs. Types I and II collagen fibers have presented, respectively, a proportion of 31.89% and 3.9% in forelimbs and 34.05% and 1.78% in hindlimbs. According to the used methodology, digital cushions had a clear differentiation relative to adipose tissue between fore and hindlimbs.
Monitoring and molecular characterization of group Drotavirus in Brazilian poultry farms
Authors: Beserra Laila A.R. , Bernardes Nara T.C.G. , Brandão Paulo E. , Gregori Fabio
Published: November 2015

Abstract: Rotaviruses are etiological agents of diarrhea both in humans and in several animal species. Data on avian Group D rotaviruses (RVD) are scarce, especially in Brazil. We detected RVD in 4 pools of intestinal contents of broilers, layer and broiler breeders out of a total of 111 pools from 8 Brazilian states, representing an occurrence of 3.6%, by a specific RVD RT-PCR targeting the VP6 gene. Phylogenetic tree confirmed that the Brazilian strains belong to group D and 3 of the sequences were identical in terms of amino acid whereas one showed 99.5% identity with the others. The sequences described in this study are similar to other sequences previously detected in Brazil, confirming the conserved nature of the VP6 protein.
Evaluating Cover Crops and Herbicides for Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Cotton
Authors: Wiggins Matthew S. , Hayes Robert M. , Steckel Lawrence E.
Published: November 2015

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds, especially GR Palmer amaranth, are very problematic in cotton-producing areas of the midsouthern region of the United States. Growers rely heavily on PRE residual herbicides to control Palmer amaranth since few effective POST options exist. Interest in integrating high-residue cover crops with existing herbicide programs to combat GR weeds has increased. Research was conducted in 2013 and 2014 in Tennessee to evaluate GR Palmer amaranth control when integrating cover crops and PRE residual herbicides. Cereal rye, crimson clover, hairy vetch, winter wheat, and combinations of one grass plus one legume were compared with winter weeds without a cover crop followed by fluometuron or acetochlor applied PRE. Biomass of cover crops was determined prior to termination 3 wk before planting. Combinations of grass and legume cover crops accumulated the most biomass (> 3,500 kg ha−1) but by 28 d after application (DAA) the cereal rye and wheat provided the best Palmer amaranth control. Crimson clover and hairy vetch treatments had the greatest number of Palmer amaranth. These cereal and legume blends reduced Palmer amaranth emergence by half compared to non–cover-treated areas. Fluometuron and acetochlor controlled Palmer amaranth 95 and 89%, respectively, at 14 DAA and 54 and 62%, respectively, at 28 DAA. Cover crops in combination with a PRE herbicide did not adequately control Palmer amaranth.
Measuring Ambiguity Aversion
Authors: Gallant A. Ronald , Jahan-Parvar Mohammad , Liu Hening
Published: November 2015

We confront the generalized recursive smooth ambiguity aversion preferences of Klibanoff, Marinacci, and Mukerji (2005, 2009) with data using Bayesian methods introduced by Gallant and McCulloch (2009) to close two existing gaps in the literature. First, we use macroeconomic and financial data to estimate the size of ambiguity aversion as well as other structural parameters in a representative-agent consumption-based asset pricing model. Second, we use estimated structural parameters to investigate asset pricing implications of ambiguity aversion. Our structural parameter estimates are comparable with those from existing calibration studies, demonstrate sensitivity to sampling frequencies, and suggest ample scope for ambiguity aversion.
Perspectivismo indígena
Authors: Rojas Reyes Carlos
Published: November 2015

El núcleo del perspectivismo, como afirmación clave de este trabajo, sostiene que los movimientos sociales construyen su propia realidad desde sus principios y programa, y que esta realidad y discursos resultantes atañen al conjunto de todo lo existente, desde la naturaleza hasta la tecnología pasando por los aspectos estrictamente sociales.

Sin embargo, este perspectivismo así visto constituiría una novedad bastante limitada y ya vista en otros procesos. Hay que añadir –lo que es fundamental, lo que es su esencia en el sentido estratégico de este término- es que la construcción de dicha perspectiva ontológica –y no solo cognoscitiva– se hace en base de “devorar” a la otra cultura, a la otra civilización, con la cual está confrontada.

Solo así tendrá pleno sentido los diversos componentes del perspectivismo que se analizan aquí, como estructuradores de los movimientos sociales: performatividad –que ya ha sido señalada antes–, vincularidad y aspectualidad.

De allí que la tesis central sea que cuando los indígenas viven y narran sus experiencias desde ellos mismos, no solo se están representando, sino que efectivamente crean sus culturas, permiten la emergencia y la continuidad de sus formas de vida. Y en este sentido avanzamos sobre las tesis de José Sánchez-Parga, para ir desde el reconocimiento a la constitución de las comunidades indígenas. 
La doble ajenidad del mundo por escrito: reflexiones sobre la violencia de la escritura a propósito de un diario de campo en Colombia
Authors: Martínez-Magdalena Santiago
Published: November 2015

El autor emprende un diálogo de contrapunto consigo mismo y con otros sobre las producciones escriturarias de una estancia de formación en Colombia: específicamente, al hilo de la revisión crítica de un ingenuo diario de campo en el estudio de las prácticas médicas en el Chocó, infructuoso en la producción antropológica, aunque no en las reflexiones académicas y formativas. Después de catorce años de abandono, el diario, revisitado, se resiste a ser leído, presentando al autor primero incomprensibilidad: una doble ajenidad en torno a la valoración antropológica de la violencia en Colombia. Una primera ajenidad experimentada en el campo, y, merced al alejamiento escriturario (como marcador temporal), una segunda ajenidad de lo escrito, que se resiste a ser reinterpretado de manera coincidente con la primera lectura anterior. La violencia cometida al pretender la inteligibilidad sobre lo propio escrito en otro lugar por otro-mismo, sobre lo experimentado escrito y dejado al tiempo, revierte en metáforas pertinentes al reflexionar sobre una violencia en Colombia que deviene en una violencia de la escritura sobre Colombia. 
Racismo, neorracismo y educación
Authors: Illicachi Guzñay Juan
Published: November 2015

El trabajo analiza los discursos y las prácticas de discriminación racial individuales e institucionales operantes en el sistema escolar e incluso su ejercicio en las mallas más finas y reticulares, y cómo los sujetos racializados al tomar conciencia étnica y social se están dando alternativas distintas al sometimiento: negociando, resinificando, disputando dentro de la misma estructura. Pero antes, exploro los dispositivos contra la discriminación racial en el marco legal de corte internacional y nacional y su operación en términos de ambigüedad y contradicción, y cómo la emergencia del neoracismo en base a la llamada “posciencia” (ingeniería genética) instaura la posibilidad de una nueva y más grave forma de segregación racial, basada en el genotipo o en el conjunto de información genética de cada sujeto. 
Proporcionalidad de las terapias en el magisterio de Pio XII y su aplicación en el ambiente clínico
Authors: Pucha P. Fausto
Published: November 2015

El presente ensayo pretende desempolvar algunos conceptos representativos de la teología moral y presentarlos a la nueva disciplina bioética como un instrumento precioso de discernimiento y aplicación en el ambiente clínico, pero no solo. Me refiero al concepto de proporcionalidad o desproporcionalidad como instrumento para tomar decisiones en situaciones conflictivas. En los grandes debates actuales que se ha generado en el seno de la bioética, se han ido presenciando muchas dificultades en los Comités de bioética, Comités éticos hospitalarios o Comités asistenciales, al momento de debatir y consensuar sobre qué decisión tomar de frente a un determinado cuadro clínico. En tal virtud, creo necesario estudiar con mayor profundidad y proponer algunos aportes que podamos hacer desde la reflexión de la teología moral. Lo que pretendo, por tanto, es referirme exclusivamente a algunos escritos del magisterio pontificio de Pio XII y sus aportaciones a la teología moral de entonces. Luego complementaré este estudio con el aporte de la Congregación para la Doctrina de la Fe en el documento magisterial “Iurat et bona”, para finalmente tentar aplicar el concepto de proporcionalidad en las decisiones clínicas posibles. 
Solution using Lagrange’s Equation to the Model ofCochlear Micromechanics
Authors:   , iménez-Hernández M.
Published: November 2015

In this paper a new solution to micromechanical model of the cochlea developed by Neely and Kim is presentedusing Lagrange’s equation. This solution has the advantage over previous methodologies to provide a mathematicalmodel for the displacement exercised on the outer hair cells in the organ of Corti that only depends of the mechanicalcharacteristics in the system and the value of the excitation frequency in the inner ear. For the evaluation of this newmodel the parameters developed by Ku are used and is considers that the amplitude of the excitation frequency isnormalized. The model developed is satisfactorily compared with the impedance method and its numerical solutionproposed by Neely and Kim, the state space analysis developed by Elliot, Ku and Lineton and the physiologicalmeasurements taken from Békésy.
Vectorial Hankel laser beams carrying orbital angular momentum
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotlyar V. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kovalev A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: November 2015

We have obtained explicit expressions for amplitudes of all components of the electric and magnetic vector of a family of vectorial nonparaxial linearly polarized vortex Hankel beams. Thus, closed-form analytical expressions have been derived for the projections of the Umov-Poynting vector and angular momentum vector. Up to now, projections of these vectors have been obtained only for the nonparaxial vectorial Bessel beams and paraxial vectorial Laguerre-Gaussian beams.
Spectrally selective near-field enhancement in a photonic crystal structure with a diffraction grating
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kadomina E. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Bezus E. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Doskolovich L. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: November 2015

Spectrally selective enhancement of the near-field intensity in the dielectric structures resulting from the excitation of Bloch surface waves is studied. The results may find applications in the design of near-field spectral filters.
Generation of radially polarized beams based on the refractive optical elements with interference polarizing coatings
Authors:   Samara State Aerospace University, Paranin V. , Karpeev S. ,   Samara State Aerospace University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khonina S. ,   Samara State Aerospace University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2015

The calculation and simulation of an interference polarizer to generate radially polarized light are conducted. The method is based on the conversion of a conical wavefront as it passes through the interference polarizer. A multilayer optical coating can be applied on the surface of the axicon. It is shown that in this way we noticeably reduce both the operating angle of incidence and achieve a practically significant polarization degree of the generated beam at much lower energy losses.
Diffraction by a conical axicon considering multiple internal reflections
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ustinov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Degtyarev S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University, Khonina S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: November 2015

In this paper we consider diffraction of a laser beam by a narrow axicon when the cone angle is much less than a limit (at which total internal reflection occurs). In this case, the correct description of the propagation of light through the axicon calls for the consideration of multiple internal reflections. The diffraction is considered using two models: through a geometric optics approach and via solving the Helmholtz equation by a finite element method. Based on the geometrical model, analytical expressions are found for the angles defining the boundaries of the real and imaginary foci. Simulations conducted using the finite element method have confirmed the theoretical results.
Impulse response identification for remote sensing images using gis data
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Denisova A. , Sergeyev V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2015

In this article the authors describe a new modification of the spectrum method that uses a known relation between the energy spectra of input and output signals to identify a linear observation model. The input undistorted image is assumed to be unknown. The modification proposed in this article uses known borders of image objects to construct an image with the energy spectrum similar to that of the original undistorted image.
Real-time analysis of parameters of multiple object detection systems
Authors:   Samara State Aerospace University, Protsenko V. , Kazanskiy N. ,   Samara State Aerospace University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Serafimovich P. ,   Samara State Aerospace University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2015

Analysis of two streaming frameworks: Apache Storm and IBM InfoSphere Streams was performed in solving a multiple object detection task. The analysis focused on two parameters: throughput and 95th percentile of image processing delay. Faces were chosen as the objects to be detected. Profiling was held under CentOS operating systems running on a five node cluster. Face detection was performed using an OpenCV cascade classifier. First architectures and the experiment description were covered. Final suggestions on the applicability of the two systems were made in the concluding section of the article. Apache Storm demonstrated a scalability advantage over IBM InfoSphere Streams in the experiment conducted. It was confirmed that the system based on Apache Storm was able to operate on FullHD video in real-time, achieving throughput of 24 images per second on the hardware used.
Retroperitoneal space organ segmentation from ct images based on the level set function
Authors:   Volga State University of Technology, Eruslanov R. , Orehova M. ,   Volga State University of Technology, Dubrovin V. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital of the Mary-El Republic
Published: November 2015

This article presents a method for solving a problem of segmentation of the retroperitoneal space organs from tomographic images. The method relies on the level set function. We also discuss a method of image preprocessing based on a nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filter, which operates by smoothing the image, while maintaining boundaries between the segments. A tomographic-image segmentation algorithm based on the level set function is synthesized.
Amplification of low-amplitude object vibrations in videoframes
Authors:   Mordovia Ogarev State University, Zemskov A. , Gareev A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Novikov D. ,   Mordovia Ogarev State University
Published: November 2015

The paper proposes a variant of implementation of a filter for the amplification of the low-amplitude object vibrations in the video stream, describing the stages of the filter design. For this purpose, we conduct a mathematical analysis of the nature of vibrations and more complex movements of objects in the frames. The performance of the filter for movement amplification is tested, showing the feasibility of the non-contact determination of human respiration rate.
Algorithms of detection and registration of persistent scatterers in satellite radar images
Authors:   Dorodnicyn Computing Center, Russian Academy of Science, Aduenko A. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Vasileisky A. ,   JSC «NIIAS» (Research and Design Institute for Information Technology, Signaling and Telecommunications on Railway Transport), Karelov A. ,   JSC «NIIAS» (Research and Design Institute for Information Technology, Signaling and Telecommunications on Railway Transport), Reyer I. ,   Dorodnicyn Computing Center, Russian Academy of Science, Rudakov K. ,   Dorodnicyn Computing Center, Russian Academy of Science,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology,   JSC «NIIAS» (Research and Design Institute for Information Technology, Signaling and Telecommunications on Railway Transport),   Samara State Aerospace University, Strijov V. ,   Dorodnicyn Computing Center, Russian Academy of Science,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Published: November 2015

To detect small movements of the Earth surface (with a velocity of less than several centimeters per year) with use of SAR-interferometry methods it is necessary to find a number of surface areas remaining coherent in radar images over a long period. These areas and corresponding image points are called persistent scatterers. Two methods of persistent scatterers detection are considered in the paper. The methods are compared by the number of detected points and their average time coherence. The algorithms considered are illustrated with an example of processing of a set containing 35 radar images.
Earnings Quality, Earnings Management, and Cross-listings: Evidence from French Firms
Authors: Slaheddine Trabelsi ,   FSEG, Tunisia University, Rue Boukhris, Tunis, Tunisia.
Published: November 2015

This article examines the earnings quality of French firms cross-listed in the United States and United Kingdom, and non-cross-listed French firms. We examined the quality of financial reporting based on measures of earnings management, timely loss recognition (TLR), and price-earnings association. We found that both cross-listings and non-cross-listings show significant earnings smoothing activities and tend to use accruals to manage earnings, and are not timely in loss recognition. We surmise that cross-listing in the United States or United Kingdom has not changed the accounting choices of French cross-listing firms relative to firms that are not cross-listed. However, our findings show that the market considers earnings and book value data of cross-listing firms to be more informative than those of non-cross-listing firms.