bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultra-high-risk group of multiple myeloma: a real-world study based on two different prognostic evaluation systems
Authors: ye jiannan , MA KE-WA , CAO Yong-Qin , HE Guang-Sheng , SUN CHAO , ZHOU XIN
Published: February 2022

Background: Recently, two prognostic evaluation systems based on different angles, UK Myeloma Research Alliance proposed UK Myeloma Research Alliance Risk Profile(MRP) and chinese inflammatory prognostic scoring index(IPSI), have shown prognostic differences in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(MM) patients without transplantation. However, there is no relevant research on whether there is a difference in the evaluation of the two systems. Methods: The study used these two systems to evaluate the prognosis of 160 patients with MM based on bortezomib without transplantation from January 2007 to June 2018. Results: It was found that the evaluation of patients at medium and low risk was similar, but in the high-risk group of MRP, IPSI could be further stratified, and in the high-risk group of IPSI, MRP could also be further stratified. Conclusions: It is suggested that myeloma patients with high risk factors of MRP and IPSI are ultra high risk patients with poor prognosis.
THE RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH VERTEBRAL METASTASES
Authors: Slynko Yevgeniy I. , Potapov Olexandr O. , Derkach Yuriy V.
Published: February 2022

Study Objectives. The study was conducted to analyze and compare different types of surgical access in the treatment of patients with metastatic vertebral lesions to improve the outcome of surgery.
Materials and Methods. The study included 108 patients with vertebral metastases who were operated on at the Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine in 2015–2019.
Results. The choice of surgical access depended on a few factors such as tumor location relative to the dura mater, bones, and nerve structures and was as follows: posterior access was used to resect tumors located posteriorly and posterolaterally to the brain; lateral access was used for tumors located laterally to the brain; anterior access was used to resect tumors located in front of the spinal cord.
In Group I (73 patients), posterior access was used in 49 cases (67%), anterior access – in 19 cases (26%), and lateral access – in 5 cases (7%). In Group II (35 patients), only posterior access was used.
Discussion. Selection of adequate surgical access for vertebral tumor resection in order to minimize nerve structure injury significantly improved the results of surgical treatment. Anterior and lateral access for ventral and ventrolateral tumors operation made it possible to completely resect the tumor, reduce the traction of nerve structures, and obtain sufficient visual control of the operating field during the surgery, which in turn had a positive effect on regression of pain and conduction disorders.
Conclusions. A differential approach to the choice of surgical access reduces the neurological deficit in the postoperative period and allows radical resection of the tumor, which in turn helps to significantly reduce the number of tumor recurrences in the long-term period.
CLINICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES IN SUMY REGION
Authors: Tsyndrenko Nataliia L. , Romaniuk Anatolii M. , Nikolayenko Yana R.
Published: February 2022

Endometrial hyperplastic processes take an important place among the gynecological diseases in women of various ages and are one of the most common reasons for admission at inpatient gynecology departments. The urgency of the pathology is due to the significant prevalence of endometrial hyperplastic processes, high incidence of malignancy, prolonged relapsing course, and decreased reproductive function, since these diseases are one of the most common causes of infertility in women of childbearing age. The statistics related to the incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in Ukraine is not available. An analysis of case histories and medical records showed that in 40% of cases, endometrial hyperplastic processes were asymptomatic. In 60% of cases, the clinical manifestations of endometrial hyperplastic processes were menstrual disorders, such as dysmenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menorrhagia, and metrorrhagia. In 30% of cases, endometrial hyperplastic processes were recurrent. The most common concomitant pathologies of the pelvic organs were uterine leiomyoma and endometriosis; the most common concomitant extragenital diseases were hypertension and obesity. Our study and data analysis showed that there is an increasing trend in the incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in Sumy region in 2011–2020. The maximum incidence was in 2016. A correlation was found between hyperplasia incidence and age. Thus, the largest number of non-atypical and atypical endometrial hyperplasia cases was observed in women aged 45–55 years. The lowest number of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia cases was registered in women aged 66+, while atypical hyperplasia cases – in women under 30 years of age. Glandular polyps of the endometrium were most often diagnosed at the age of 31–44; the lowest number of these was found in women over 66 years. Most glandular-fibrous endometrial polyps were observed in women aged 45–55 years, while women under 30 presented with the fewest cases. Fibrous endometrial polyps were most common in older age groups – 66+; the lowest number of such endometrial polyps was found in women under 30 years. We attributed the decreased incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in 2020 to the quarantine measures introduced, which, as a consequence, led to the decreased number of diagnosed cases, since they are often asymptomatic.
The importance of neuroimaging methods in the diagnosis of epilepsy in young men: literature review and own clinical case
Authors: Voitiuk Anna
Published: February 2022

Lifetime visualization of structural morphological changes of the brain in patients suffering from epilepsy and epileptic syndromes has become possible due to the introduction of neuroimaging methods into everyday medical practice. At the same time, neuroimaging is the main method of determining the etiology of epilepsy and its taxonomic position. One of these methods is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI is the method of choice in the examination of patients with diseases associated with brain development abnormalities.

The aim of this study is to consider the importance of using neuroimaging methods in this clinical case of epilepsy in a young person, taking into account complaints, anamnesis of the disease and life, neurological status, laboratory results for the correct diagnosis.

Conclusion. The presented clinical case of symptomatic epilepsy with focal vegetative-sensory seizures of medium frequency due to mass formation of the medial part of the right temporal lobe demonstrates the need and importance of a comprehensive examination using neuroimaging methods to clarify the etiology of the disease. Thus, magnetic resonance imaging has a high diagnostic value.

This article discusses the importance of MRI for the diagnosis of epilepsy and its etiology in a young man.
Two-year outcomes of pulmonary vein isolation and cava-tricuspid isthmus radiofrequency ablation vs pharmacological only antiarrhythmic therapy: a single center experience
Authors: Brynza Mariia , Lisova Natalia
Published: February 2022

The benefit of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in rhythm control in atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter patients is uncertain, but risk of death, arrhythmia recurrence and other post ablation complications remains high. Existing data on the impact of pulmonary vein isolation and cava-tricuspid isthmus RFA on long-term prognosis of patients with AF and flutter and its advantage over pharmacological antiarrhythmic therapy (AAT) are insufficient and contradictory.

The aim: we sought to evaluate two-year outcomes of pulmonary vein isolation and cava-tricuspid isthmus RFA vs pharmacological only AAT according to a single center experience.

Material and methods: we enrolled 174 patients after pulmonary vein isolation RFA, cava-tricuspid isthmus RFA and their combination and 122 patient who did not undergo RFA and got pharmacological AAT only.

Results: there was no significant difference in mortality between the RFA and AAT only groups (5.8 % and 9.0 % respectively) with the same structure of causes of death. The Caplan-Meyer curve analysis demonstrated better survivance (p=0.031) after RFA just during first year of observation. RFA effectiveness in arrhythmia relapse prevention was the highest for cava-tricuspid isthmus RFA procedure and worst – in group of combined pulmonary vein isolation and cava-tricuspid isthmus procedures. RFA showed an advantage over AAT in smaller quantities of non-fatal cardiovascular events (p<0.001) and cardiovascular hospitalizations (p=0.0026).

Conclusions: RFA of pulmonary vein isolation and cava-tricuspid isthmus RFA decrease arrhythmia episodes frequency, risk of non-fatal cardiovascular events and cardiovascular hospitalizations. Timely combined PVI and CTI procedure is associated with worsening of all outcomes.
Study the difference between the measurement of the radiation dose of MRI and CT scan
Authors: Yaseen Hashim Fathi
Published: February 2022

Radiation dose or absorbed dose means that the amount of energy absorbed by human tissue, and accurately is the concentration of energy deposited in tissue, when exposure to ionizing radiation, effective dose is the dose that will achieve the desired effect its unit is (millisievert or mSv). Ionizing radiation used in computed tomography (CT) scans as well as the associated health risks are an ongoing and growing concern.

The aim of this study is to prove the use of X-rays and computed tomography with a small dose of ionizing radiation to produce images for medical examination.

An MRI scan uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create images instead of ionizing radiation. Therefore, you are not exposed to radiation when you have an MRI scan, unlike a CT scan or X-ray. In addition to reducing the examination time and cost.

Material and methods show that individual doses measured for a routine whole-body CT protocol are less than 20 mGy for all parts of the body. Thus, we conclude that the measured doses of the external organs are higher than those in the internal organs under the same conditions that are exposed to radiation Knowing that MRI does not use radiation (such as X-rays or CT scans) there are more MRI machines being produced from several companies around the world.

Knowing that MRI does not use radiation (such as X-rays or CT scans) there are more MRI machines being produced from several companies around the world.

Result in this study, it was done evaluate the benefits of MRI and CT in diagnoses and treatment as well as for their side effects, at present and in the future.Conclusions. We have also concluded that CT is specific in certain areas of the human body such as the lungs and abdominal area and identify the areas of bone fractures, and magnetic resonance (MRI) gives us excellent image of high-definition of the spinal cord, brain and membranes, and the areas of the joints with animated images and a three - dimensional and in a record time of 15-30 minutes.

Where the diagnosis could be re-diagnosed during the procedure and after the occurrence of any side effects, unlike the tomography, which is specified in certain cases mentioned earlier, and a period of time of 5-10 minutes and cannot be returned except in special cases forced to have the effect of radiation. The final conclusion of our work, which is not only important in diagnosing, is that in the case of CT, there are no disturbing sounds and the presence of an area in which the patient can settle, unlike magnetic resonance imaging, Where the annoying resonance sounds are added to the narrowness and smallness of the place where the patient is located, but they are not considered to be of medical importance.
Evolution of Carbonatite Magmas in the Upper Mantle and Crust
Authors: Yaxley Gregory M. , Kjarsgaard Bruce A. , Jaques A. Lynton
Published: February 2022

Carbonatites are the most silica-poor magmas known and are amongst Earth’s most enigmatic igneous rocks. They crystallise to rocks dominated by the carbonate minerals calcite and dolomite. We review models for carbonatite petrogenesis, including direct partial melting of mantle lithologies, exsolution from silica-undersaturated alkali silicate melts, or direct fractionation of carbonated silicate melts to carbonate-rich residual melts. We also briefly discuss carbonatite–mantle wall-rock reactions and other processes at mid-to upper crustal depths, including fenitisation, overprinting by carbohydrothermal fluids, and reaction between carbonatite melt and crustal lithologies.
Preface
Authors: Mori Kenji
Published: February 2022

The first Bioorganic Chemistry issue of Current Organic Chemistry comprises four chapters written by experts in various fields of bioorganic chemistry. They range from phytochemistry (Marner) to marine chemical ecology (Fusetani).

Chemo-enzymatic (Takayama and Wong) and biomimetic (Lasterra-Sanches and Roberts) approaches in organic chemistry are now very popular among synthetic chemists and these two reviews illustrate the uniqueness of the two approaches.

I hope you will enjoy reading these reviews in modern bioorganic chemistry. I thank all the contributors for their participation.
Encoded chemical synthesis coupled to screening: "Pot Assay"
Authors: Parandoosh Z. , Knowles S. K. , Xiao X.-Y , Zhao C. , David G. S. , Nova M. P.
Published: February 2022

A variety of screening methodologies is available to identify lead compounds. Screening methods that would permit the direct use of libraries made via the Radiofrequency Encoded Combinatorial chemistry paradigm (each individual small molecule in the library is presented separately on an individual encoded support) have the potential to diminish burdensome steps in this process. Here we report on our studies leading to such a direct method, which we have termed a Pot Assay. Pot Assay is a multiplex assay, which simultaneously measures specific binding of a number of ligands to at least one target. Pot Assay uses specific radiofrequency signals to decode compounds that are high affinity binders. We validated this approach by evaluating the interaction of biotin and its analogs with labeled streptavidin. This report introduces Pot Assay as a rapid, simple, sensitive and accurate format for identifying active members of libraries synthesized on solid supports. The success of this study demonstrates the power of coupling Radiofrequency Encoded Combinatorial chemistry and screening. This assay format may be applied to a wide range of screens that are based on binding events: ligand/receptor, inhibitor/enzyme, antigen/antibody, protein/protein, DNA/protein, and RNA/DNA.
Nova literatura em língua portuguesa de concanismos e crítica literária na obra do goês Filinto Cristo Dias
Authors: Spina Daniela
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem o propósito de reconstruir a atividade de docente, linguista e crítico literário do padre goês Filinto Cristo Dias (1904-1986), autor de uma das primeiras histórias literárias de Goa, o Esboço da história da literatura indo-por-tuguesa (1957-1963). Com base nalgumas reflexões à volta dessa história literária, sobre o seu carácter crítico e, simulta-neamente, didascálico, será examinada a atividade intelectual do sacerdote goês, tanto de um ponto de vista documental, colocando as suas obras no contexto histórico da época em que viveu, quanto de um ponto de vista teórico, propondo a pertença como conceito-chave para a leitura da sua produção crítica.
Coral Reefs Health Status in the East Java: a Case Study in Banyuwangi, Situbondo, Probolinggo
Authors: Samuel Pratama Diffi , Dewi Citra Satrya Utama , Azmi Nur Fadholi Ulul , Anam M.Choirul , P. Imas D. , Setyorini Dewi Nur , Hariani Dyah Fitri , Fatmawati Riska
Published: February 2022

Coral reef ecosystems are among the most productive natural biodiversity resources in tropical coastal areas, within seagrass beds and mangrove forests. Besides, coral reefs have very high ecological impacts and economic value that are managed well and sustainably. Also, healthy ecosystems will undoubtedly provide more incredible benefits and values, so studies need to be conducted to determine the health of coral reefs. While P2O LIPI is an institution that is the guardian of coral reef health data in Indonesia, there is limited information related to the coastal areas of East Java that has not been widely reported. This study aimed to find out the percentage of living hard corals and the health status of the ecosystem at three reef sites: Banyuwangi, Situbondo, and Probolinggo. Field surveys were carried out in June-July 2019, using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. The materials used in this study are Self-Contain Underwater Breath Apparatus-SCUBA diving equipment, roll meters, and an underwater camera. The results showed that the hard coral cover living in Banyuwangi accounted for 28.91%, Situbondo was 31.20%, and Probolinggo (34.77%). Therefore, this study interpreted that the coral reef ecosystem was a moderate category (25% - 49.9%).
Effects of a Spouse’s Aromatherapy Hand Massage on Fatigue, Stress, and a Couple’s Relationship in Pregnant Women
Authors: Jung Hyang Mi , Oh Eun Jung , Sung Hyun Chul , Kim Myungja
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a spouse’s aromatherapy hand massage on fatigue, stress, and a couple’s relationship in pregnant women.Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Pregnant women were selected as participants on prenatal education program of 2 health centers. For the experimental group, 28 pregnant women were selected from 1 health centers. Thirty-two pregnant women were assigned to a control group from another. Bergamot, lavender, and sandalwood oil were mixed at a ratio of 1:1:1 and diluted to 1% in a jojoba carrier oil. This oil was used for aromatherapy and had already been identified as not being hazardous to pregnant women. Participants received an aroma hand massage from their spouses 5 times a week for 4 weeks, a total of 20 times. Pre and post written survey were collected from both groups. The data were analyzed by χ2 test, independent t-test, paired t-test and analysis of covariance using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 25.0 program.Result: There was a statistically significant difference in stress (F=17.39, p<0.001) and the couple’s relationship (F=18.87, p<0.001) between the experimental group and the control group. Fatigue was not significantly different between the 2 groups (F=2.61, p=0.112), but there was a difference pre and post the experimental group (t=-5.30, p<0.001).Conclusion: These findings indicate that a spouse’s aroma hand massage is effective as a nursing intervention for pregnant women to relieve fatigue and stress, and improve the couple’s relationship.
Improving Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Adherence Among Pregnant Women: Validation Study
Authors: Jaffar Aida , Mohd-Sidik Sherina , Foo Chai Nien , Admodisastro Novia , Abdul Salam Sobihatun Nur , Ismail Noor Diana
Published: February 2022

Background

Mobile health apps, for example, the Tät, have been shown to be potentially effective in improving pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) among women, but they have not yet been studied among pregnant women. Adherence to daily PFMT will improve pelvic floor muscle strength leading to urinary incontinence (UI) improvement during the pregnancy.

Objective

This study aims to document the validation process in developing the Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training app, which was designed to improve the PFMT adherence among pregnant women.

Methods

We utilized an intervention mapping approach incorporated within the mobile health development and evaluation framework. The framework involved the following steps: (1) conceptualization, (2) formative research, (3) pretesting, (4) pilot testing, (5) randomized controlled trial, and (6) qualitative research. The user-centered design-11 checklist was used to evaluate the user-centeredness properties of the app.

Results

A cross-sectional study was conducted to better understand PFMT and UI among 440 pregnant women. The study reported a UI prevalence of 40.9% (180/440), with less than half having good PFMT practice despite their good knowledge. Five focus group discussions were conducted to understand the app design preferred by pregnant women. They agreed a more straightforward design should be used for better app usability. From these findings, a prototype was designed and developed accordingly, and the process conformed to the user-centered design–11 (UCD-11) checklist. A PFMT app was developed based on the mHealth development and evaluation framework model, emphasizing higher user involvement in the application design and development. The application was expected to improve its usability, acceptability, and ease of use.

Conclusions

The Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training app was validated using a thorough design and development process to ensure its effectiveness in evaluating the usability of the final prototype in our future randomized control trial study.
An online mental health informed physical activity intervention for emergency service workers and their families: A stepped-wedge trial (Preprint)
Authors: McKeon Grace , Wells Ruth , Steel Zachary , Hadzi-Pavlovic Dusan , Teasdale Scott , Vancampfort Davy , Rosenbaum Simon
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Emergency service workers are at an increased risk of experiencing poor mental health due to prolonged, repeated exposure to potentially traumatic events. Promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours including physical activity and diet may help to mitigate some the consequences of emergency service work.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an online physical activity and diet intervention on levels of psychological distress among emergency service workers and their nominated support partner e.g., spouse, family member close friend.

METHODS

We delivered a 10-week physical activity program via a private Facebook group. The Facebook group was co-facilitated by exercise physiologists, a dietitian and peer-facilitators. Weekly modules on overcoming barriers to exercise, self-monitoring of activity and nutrition were delivered. Participants could also join weekly group telehealth calls and were provided with a physical activity tracking device. A stepped-wedge design was applied to compare levels of psychological distress (Kessler-6) during baseline, to intervention by comparing slopes of change. Visual inspection of the data was used to identify the location for a knot point. Then separate slopes were modelled for a) baseline; b) intervention slope 1; c) intervention slope 2; d) change in level of knot points. Secondary outcomes included a pre-post assessment of mental health symptoms, physical activity levels, quality of life, social support to exercise, sleep quality and suicidal ideation.

RESULTS

In total, N=90 participants (n=47 emergency service workers and n=43 support partners) were recruited in 4 separate cohorts (mean age 42.3(SD=11.5) years, 51% male). Levels of psychological distress did not change significantly during the baseline (control) slope, while during the first 6 weeks of intervention (intervention slope 1) levels reduced significantly. The interaction between baseline and intervention slopes were significant, b=-0.351, p = 0.003, (i.e., the trajectories of change were significantly different) and improvements plateaued until the 4-week follow up (intervention slope 2). Participation was associated with improvements in mental health symptoms, weekly minutes of physical activity, sedentary time and quality of life. Retention in the intervention was high (92%).

CONCLUSIONS

A 10-week physical activity intervention delivered via social media is feasible and effective in improving psychological distress among emergency service workers and their support partners. Future research should consider investigating the factors mediating changes in health behaviours and outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN): 12619000877189.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030668
Virtual Reality Interventions for the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Andersen Nicole
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Virtual Reality (VR) refers to an artificial, immersive three-dimensional (3D) environment with interactive sensory stimuli. VR is most commonly incorporated into the psychotherapeutic process as a means of providing exposure therapy.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this scoping review were to synthesize the most up-to-date evidence on the outcomes, acceptability by patients and therapists, and side effects of virtual reality interventions for treating anxiety disorders in adults.

METHODS

This scoping review is grounded in the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley (2005). The databases searched were PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses.

RESULTS

The search process identified 134 unique citations. 62 (46%) of the eligible articles examined participants with specific phobias, 30 (22%) with PTSD, 25 (19%) with social anxiety disorder, 14 (10%) with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, and 3(2%) with GAD. Participants were mostly female. VR interventions often led to statistically significant and meaningful reductions in symptoms for people with anxiety disorders. Additionally, they were acceptable and associated with minimal side effects for all types of anxiety disorders with the exception of Combat-Related PTSD in Vietnam veterans.

CONCLUSIONS

VR interventions appeared to be a viable alternative to conventional exposure therapy. Thus, future research should include more male participants and have a stronger emphasis on acceptability and side effects. Increased traction for VR interventions for generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder will also be important.
Voices of the Prosumer: Healing Informed Perspectives in Mental Health Advocacy and Reform (Preprint)
Authors: Guttman Max
Published: February 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

I am a prosumer, who has been in therapy since I was sixteen years old. Now, at thirty-four years, , I am a psyçhotherapist and a mental health advocate. I’ve taught students and young practitioners how to execute psychotherapy, troubleshoot issues, and drive treatment forward with limitless passion and calculated precision. However, the prevailing moving part of the therapeutic process has the most momentum and is hands down the most significant player in treatment.
The energy created by its inertia is what truly drives treatment in the right direction: work. I am not facetious. The “work” or doing “work” in therapy makes the difference in treatment every time. Note that in physics, the measure of energy transfer (in therapeutic/clinical language, the “change” or “corrective force”) Now, there is something else to be said about working on problems chronic in treatment.in these cases, content can be worked on, or probed theraputically longer. This is simply due to the nature of chronic issues, which are usually deep seeded and wrapped in trauma experiences. They need careful, longer consideration when therapeutically probing the content and applying energy to break apart negative ‘cognitive scabbing’ or ‘scarring’ from mishandled therapeutic intervention.
The Cost-Effectiveness of Belimumab and Voclosporin for Patients with Lupus Nephritis in the United States
Authors: Mandrik Olena , Fotheringham James , Ren Shijie , Tice Jeffrey A. , Chapman Richard H. , Stevenson Matthew D. , Pearson Steven D. , Herron-Smith Serina , Agboola Foluso , Thokala Praveen
Published: February 2022

Background and objectives

Despite existing therapies, people with lupus nephritis progress to kidney failure and have reduced life expectancy. Belimumab and voclosporin are two new disease-modifying therapies recently approved for the treatment of lupus nephritis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

A de novo economic model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of these therapies, including the following health states: “complete response,” “partial response,” and “active disease” defined by eGFR and proteinuria changes, kidney failure, and death. Short-term data and mean cohort characteristics were sourced from pivotal clinical trials of belimumab (the Belimumab International Study in Lupus Nephritis) and voclosporin (the Aurinia Urinary Protection Reduction Active–Lupus with Voclosporin trial and Aurinia Renal Response in Active Lupus With Voclosporin). Risk of mortality and kidney failure were on the basis of survival modeling using published Kaplan–Meier data. Each drug was compared with the standard of care as represented by the comparator arm in its respective pivotal trial(s) using US health care sector perspective, with a societal perspective also explored.

Results

In the health care perspective probabilistic analysis, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for belimumab compared with its control arm was estimated to be approximately $95,000 per quality-adjusted life year. The corresponding incremental ratio for voclosporin compared with its control arm was approximately $150,000 per quality-adjusted life year. Compared with their respective standard care arms, the probabilities of belimumab and voclosporin being cost effective at a threshold of $150,000 per quality-adjusted life year were 69% and 49%, respectively. Cost-effectiveness was dependent on assumptions made regarding survival in response states, costs and utilities in active disease, and the utilities in response states. In the analysis from a societal perspective, the incremental ratio for belimumab was estimated to be approximately $66,000 per quality-adjusted life year, and the incremental ratio for voclosporin was estimated to be approximately $133,000 per quality-adjusted life year.

Conclusions

Compared with their respective standard care arms, belimumab but not voclosporin met willingness-to-pay thresholds of $100,000 per quality-adjusted life year. Despite potential clinical superiority in the informing trials, there remains high uncertainty around the cost-effectiveness of voclosporin.
OPUNTIA ELATIOR MILL.–ITS PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES-A REVIEW
Authors: R. SHARADA , ACHARYA RABINARAYAN
Published: February 2022

Opuntia elatior Mill. (OE) (Family Cactaceae), commonly recognized as Red Prickly pear, is a plant of varied nutritional and medicinal benefits. The species has been scrutinized for the composition and wide array of pharmacological activities. This review is attempted with an aim to document the updated status of OE with respect to its phytochemistry and pharmacological actions. The data is collected from the extensive review of literatures from scientific articles, dissertations and books available on various web-based search engines such as Pub-med, Google-scholar and Science direct and few unpublished observations. The fruit is reported to be rich in carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenolics, betalains, vitamin C and minerals like calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, and potassium. Extract and the fruit as a whole are reported for anti-oxidant, hematinic, anti-leukemic, anti-diabetic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, anti-fertility, broncho-dilatory, mast cell degranulation, radio-protective and anti-arthritic activities. It is reported to be safe for administration in a dose dependent manner. OE is a nutritionally and medicinally important drug with a wide range of traditional and pharmacological applications. There is a vast scope for research on the varied traditional claims of this drug. This review might help for the further research on the species.
El turismo idiomático en Xalapa
Authors: Sánchez Menéndez Juan Emilio
Published: February 2022

El hecho de que para 2050 el español se habrá convertido en la primera lengua internacional del mundo ha llevado a hablantes de otras lenguas a convertirse en turistas idiomáticos del español, es decir, a hacer una corta estancia en un país hispanohablante con el fin de aprender esta lengua. Para dar cauce a este creciente número de estudiantes de español, distintos países hispanohablantes, entre ellos España, Colombia, Argentina y Uruguay, han diseñado planes estatales que pretenden crear y sistematizar una oferta de cursos de español. Este artículo determina cuál es el estado de la cuestión en cuanto al turismo idiomático en México y, desde ese punto de partida, estudia la oferta y la demanda de esta misma clase de turismo en Xalapa, ciudad que es sede de la Escuela para Estudiantes Extranjeros de la Universidad Veracruzana, escuela que, desde su fundación en 1957, ha contribuido a la internacionalización de la lengua española por medio de la impartición de cursos de español como lengua extranjera y de cultura mexicana al flujo de estudiantes extranjeros que llegan a la Universidad Veracruzana. Asimismo, el artículo se propone estudiar los alcances y limitaciones del concepto de “turista idiomático” en diversos contextos de México.
Tres historias desde el CEPE sobre el movimiento estudiantil de 1968
Authors: Vivaldo Juan Pablo
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo representa una aportación desde la historia oral a la reflexión alrededor del movimiento estudiantil de 1968 en la Ciudad de México. Para ello, presento tres entrevistas realizadas al mismo número de trabajadores del Centro de Enseñanza para Extranjeros (CEPE) en las que muestro no solo su contribución al interior del movimiento, sino su percepción sobre él a cincuenta años de distancia. Al mismo tiempo, presento los que considero son los principales antecedentes del conflicto estudiantil en México, así como una serie de reflexiones metodológicas sobre la historia oral.
Cuentos y vericuetos
Authors: Barraza Ontiveros Diana
Published: February 2022

Este artículo se relaciona con el diseño de actividades e instrucción de literatura para hablantes de herencia de español en el suroeste de Estados Unidos, usando especialmente el género del cuento. El propósito es desarrollar un marco teórico para el uso de este tipo de literatura y de su mejor aprovechamiento en el aula ante la falta de material disponible para hablantes de herencia en la zona. Debido a ventajas de extensión, tiempo de lectura y fácil adaptación al currículo de clases, se ha elegido el género del cuento como herramienta didáctica principal. Sin embargo, el artículo incluye también un marco teórico general que explica algunas de las ventajas y prácticas de la literatura dentro de las aulas con hablantes de herencia. Este artículo presenta dos marcos teóricos fundados en: 1) el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico mediante el aprendizaje literario y el papel activo del estudiante, en contraste con la enseñanza tradicional de obras literarias con aprendizaje pasivo, y 2) el potencial del modelo de la intertextualidad usado por Payne (2008) como conexión entre experiencias del estudiante y el texto literario para clases de hablantes de herencia a fin de conseguir un filtro afectivo bajo, o de un ambiente con bajos niveles de estrés (Krashen, 1982) para mejorar la recepción del contenido. Ambos marcos teóricos tienen como base la teoría de la enseñanza de la literatura, y debido a sus antecedentes y bases fundamentales conllevan un gran potencial de aplicación en la enseñanza a hablantes de herencia. Finalmente se incluyen ejemplos de actividades y sugerencias de textos para trabajar desde estas propuestas.
Strategy to Configure Multi-epitope Recombinant Immunogens with Weightage on Proinflamatory Response using SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein (S-protein) and RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp) as Model Targets
Authors: Barman Nilesh , De Arkajit , Paul Joydeep , Haldar Srijan , Bhattacharya Arijit , Pal Kuntal
Published: February 2022

Development of a suitable recombinant peptide vaccine against pathogens requires designing of effective immunogenic polypeptide taking various aspects and complexity of immune-response into consideration. Implementing SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S-protein) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) as model targets, in this study, we outline and assess a strategy for in silico recombinant vaccine designing. After mapping the linear B-cell epitopes and MHC1-binding T-cell epitopes six epitopes were sorted from each of the proteins on the basis of extent of residue-conservancy among three types of coronaviruses namely SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Each of the selected epitopes were profiled for their pro-inflammatory potential through molecular docking analysis with surface bound Toll-like receptors, namely TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5. Based on a custom scoring function, the epitopes were ranked for highest and least pro-inflammatory potential. Segments of Spike and RdRp harboring such epitopes were combined using linkers to design immunogenic recombinant polypeptide. Antigenicity and allergenicity of each of the combination was scored; and the best fitting one was docked against TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5 for assessing pro-inflammatory potential. Codon optimization and in silico cloning in expression vector indicated that the designed peptide can be satisfactorily expressed in bacteria, reinforcing the viability of the strategy in identification and designing of potential immunogens.
No aniversário de Wilhelm Reich: o que há para comemorar?
Authors: Matthiesen Sara Quenzer , Bessani Gabriela Grimaldi
Published: February 2022

Mais de cento e vinte anos se passaram desde o nascimento de Wilhelm Reich, em 1897, e mais de sessenta anos se passaram desde sua morte, em 1957, mas seu pensamento continua vivo e merece ser amplamente divulgado. Nisso, as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, tão comuns na atualidade, têm papel determinante. Nesse sentido, este texto teve como objetivo identificar, com base nos vídeos disponíveis no Youtube, aqueles capazes de contribuir para a difusão deste autor, ainda tão pouco conhecido no Brasil. Por meio de pesquisa exploratória no site do Youtube, nos certificamos de que ao menos 10 dos vídeos coletados contribuem para que se tenha uma ideia inicial de quem foi esse autor. Ao organizar um banco de dados inicial, divulgando-o por meio desta pesquisa, esperamos contribuir para a difusão do pensamento deste autor, que muito tem a contribuir para a discussão de temas contemporâneos nas mais diferentes áreas do conhecimento.
“O Fuzzil aqui não mata, recita poesia”:
Authors: Santos Elisabete Figueroa dos
Published: February 2022

Este artigo teve por objetivo analisar a literatura do poeta Fuzzil, de modo a identificar em seus textos representações acerca de seus momentos identitários. Para tanto, analisamos trechos de suas três obras, “Um presente para o gueto” (2007), “Caturra” (2012) e “Céu de Agosto” (2013), bem como uma entrevista com o autor. Verificou-se que à medida que o poeta é interpelado pelas artimanhas poéticas e negras de recitais periféricos e de autores e versadores negros, é também convocado a explorar possibilidades para suas articulações enquanto escritor e versador antes apenas timidamente tangenciadas. Constata-se, assim, em Fuzzil, a transformação de realidades massacrantes em poesia, por meio de novos significados, como formas ativas de localizar-se como produtor de si, de localizar-se como sujeito e de subverter a posição de invisibilidade pública e política – e, por que não, poética? – socialmente imposta aos seus antecessores e a muitos pares de sua época.
moral na perspectiva histórico-cultural
Authors: Rolim Baggio Bruno , Fernandes de Alencar Thalita Lays , De Souza Braz Aquino Fabiola
Published: February 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar e discutir artigos que se basearam nas contribuições da perspectiva histórico-cultural elaborada por Vygotsky para compreender e explicar a moralidade. Partindo de uma análise das ideias do próprio autor sobre o tema e sobre o contexto histórico no qual elas se inserem, realizou-se uma revisão de artigos que utilizam as ideias de Vygotsky para se dedicar ao estudo da moral. O levantamento realizado em bases de dados científicas permitiu identificar 22 artigos relativos ao tema. O material foi analisado a partir dos seguintes eixos temáticos: perspectivas teóricas adotadas nos estudos; procedimentos metodológicos utilizados; e temas e conceitos discutidos nos estudos, com foco na articulação da teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky com o desenvolvimento moral. Apesar da relevância da teoria vygotskiana para a compreensão do desenvolvimento moral, esta perspectiva mostrou-se ainda pouco desenvolvida quando comparada às perspectivas piagetiana e kohlberguianas, mais frequentemente utilizadas em estudos sobre a psicologia do desenvolvimento moral.
"EnCAPSulados":
Authors: Wandekoken Kallen Dettmann , Dalbello-Araujo Maristela , Sodré Francis
Published: February 2022

Este artigo analisa os fatores que facilitam ou dificultam a produção de autonomia entre os usuários que vivenciam a dependência química em um CAPSad. Trata-se do resultado de pesquisa qualitativa realizada com todos os profissionais de um CAPSad. Foram realizadas 80 horas de observação, entrevista coletiva com dez trabalhadores e 13 entrevistas em profundidade, seguidas da Análise Temática. Constatamos que faltam condições para a produção de autonomia dos usuários no serviço estudado. Com base em Edgar Morin e Gastão Campos foi possível concluir que fatores essenciais para a produção de autonomia de trabalhadores e de usuários no enfrentamento das drogas – como condições de trabalho adequadas, salários dignos, profissionais engajados e rede de apoio psicossocial – não foram observados. Estas situações levam ao sentimento de “enCAPSulamento”, como foi verbalizado, o que contribui para que tenham uma atitude de distanciamento afetivo da dimensão cuidadora do trabalho em saúde. Logo, se não há autonomia no processo de trabalho, é extremamente difícil que consigam produzir o sentimento de autonomia por parte dos usuários, que, diante disso, persistem em dupla dependência – a do serviço e a química.
Estratégias defensivas contra o sofrimento psíquico entre trabalhadores
Authors: Amorim Wellington Lima , Carvalho Ana Flavia Moura , Leão Rachel Vianna
Published: February 2022

O artigo propõe contribuir para a saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Para tanto, buscou-se, como pano de fundo, um breve contexto histórico do trabalho. A expansão do modelo capitalista, na segunda metade do século XX, acarretou um aumento progressivo do tempo e da dedicação ininterrupta ao emprego, o que repercutiu sobre a saúde do trabalhador. Este trabalho avaliou o perfil do trabalhador de sucesso, o sofrimento presente no contexto do trabalho e como Dejours e Nietzsche percebem tragicamente o sofrimento, como inerente à vida, inevitável. Além disso, buscou entender como ambos percebem a utilização de defesas contra o sofrimento nessas organizações de trabalho e as estratégias defensivas contra o sofrimento, que podem trazer o equilíbrio ou o desequilíbrio. E, por último, enfatizou a importância de profissionais críticos e de um espaço que facilite o processo de sofrimento como equilíbrio. A pesquisa adotou o método qualitativo, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, utilizando como referencial teórico a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e a Filosofia. Identificou-se, com base nos autores estudados, que a dor e o sofrimento são inerentes ao trabalho e que ambos têm caráter constituinte na subjetividade dos trabalhadores.
Cinema e Representações da Mobilidade Africana
Authors: Batista Astréia Soares , Barbosa Luiz Henrique , Peixoto Maria Cristina Leite
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo discutimos as representações que o cinema de ficção faz da mobilidade de povos africanos, a partir da análise dos filmes Casa de Lava (1994) de Pedro Costa, Nha Fala (2002), de Flora Gomes, e Virgem Margarida (2012), de Licínio Azevedo. Buscamos relatar as trajetórias dos personagens centrais desses filmes ao deixarem seus locais de origem e serem expostos a culturas e costumes distintos daqueles que compartilham com seu grupo e os impactos de tais deslocamentos na formação de identidade desses sujeitos. A análise aborda as motivações dos personagens para se afastarem de seus universos familiares, bem como seus encontros e estranhamentos. Destaca, no contexto das migrações, as relações entre tradição e modernidade, entre o sujeito deslocado e a noção de casa e o papel do Estado como agente de deslocamentos, migrações e diásporas.
(Novas) fronteiras e ideários coloniais de longa duração: uma análise a partir da disputa pela reconfiguração territorial da Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Bemerguy Telma de Sousa
Published: February 2022

Em 2011 foi realizado um plebiscito no estado do Pará para consultar a população acerca do interesse em dividi-lo em três: Pará, Tapajós e Carajás. Tomando esse processo como ponto de partida, neste artigo farei algumas considerações sobre interesses políticos e econômicos de longo prazo envolvidos na disputa em torno da reconfiguração territorial da Amazônia Brasileira. Através da análise de relatórios técnicos e de debates realizados no Congresso Nacional no contexto da aprovação da realização do plebiscito pela criação dos estados de Tapajós e Carajás apresentarei uma etnografia voltada às ideias e significados particulares (re)produzidos através do exercício do poder estatal (GEERTZ, 1991), buscando demonstrar como uma determinada “imagem” de Amazônia (OLIVEIRA, 2008, 2016) – fruto de representações duráveis produzidas no marco de processos colonialistas de longa duração – foi acionada e agenciada politicamente ao longo da disputa pela reconfiguração territorial da região.
Letras e rimas quilombolas:
Authors: Luiz Thiago Cury , Sato Michèle
Published: February 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar e discutir parte dos resultados obtidos com a pesquisa intitulada “Fenomenologia transmidiática: cartografando o clima em Mata Cavalo”, integrante da Rede Internacional de Justiça Climática e Educação Ambiental (Reaja), que conta com fomento da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso (Fapemat). A metodologia utilizada é de inspiração fenomenológica e participante, com a realização de cartografias e entrevistas como práxis da investigação. Identificamos que o quilombo é local de conflitos fundiários historicamente constituídos e que a localidade sofre os efeitos mais rigorosos da emergência climática, por se tratar de uma população em situação de vulnerabilidade. Ponderamos, portanto, que a educomunicação socioambiental pode se configurar em um arranjo comunicacional nas fronteiras da educação popular de concepção freireana capaz de expor as mazelas de que são vítimas os quilombolas e o orgulho do território onde vivem e estudam.