bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La enseñanza de los gestos emblemáticos en la competencia léxico-semántica: una propuesta para el aula de ELE
Authors: Belío-Apaolaza Helena Sofía
Published: March 2020

This paper advocates the incorporation of emblematic gestures as part of the content that must be taught in the SFL classroom. Given the lack of theoretical and pedagogical research on the teaching of emblems and as a result of the linguistic characteristics of these gestures and the lexicon as well as the similarity of the cognitive processes that appear in the study of both, we defend the integration of emblems within the development of Lexical Competence. To this end, in order to facilitate the incorporation of these gestures in Spanish programs and materials, we present a series of graduated criteria as well as criteria for integration in the different language levels in the classroom. In addition, we explain some considerations that must be taken into account when working with these gestures interculturally, that is, comparing the maternal and Spanish gestural code, and intraculturally, in other words, recognizing differences within the Pan-Hispanic world.
Hatay’da PM10 ve SO2 Düzeyi ve Değişimleri, 2007-2017
Authors: Azboy Nesrullah , İNANDI Tacettin , ELTAŞ Mehtap Canciğer
Published: March 2020

Amaç:Hava kalitesi sağlığın en önemli belirleyicilerindendir. Hava kirliliği başta kanserler, kalp
damar hastalıkları, solunum ve sinir sistemi hastalıkları olmak üzere çok
sayıda hastalık için risk faktörüdür. Çalışmanın amacı Hatay’da hava
kalitesini PM10 ve SO2 üzerinden yıllar itibarı ile değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmanın verileri Antakya ve İskenderun’da rutin ölçüm yapan hava
kalitesi izlem istasyonların 2007 ve 2017 yılları arasındaki yaptığı
ölçümlerden elde edildi. Yılın en az %75 gününde ölçüm yapılan veriler çalışmaya
dâhil edildi. Veriler http://www.havaizleme.gov.tr/ sunucusundan 24 saatlik
ortalamalar yıllara ve aylara göre analiz edildi.Bulgular: PM10; Tüm yılların
ortanca PM10 değeri 53 (min:0-max:995)µg/m3, ortalaması ise 66,6±53,4 µg/m3’dır. Ölçüm yapılan
günler içinde, limit
aşımı Antakya’da % 67,1,
İskenderun’da %24,7 olmak üzere, genel ortalamada %54,3’tür. Limit aşımı en fazla %94,4 ile 2017 yılı iken, aylara göre ise %72,4 ile
Şubat ayıdır. SO2; Tüm verilerin ortanca SO2 değeri 7(min:0-max:316)µg/m3’tür. Günlük
SO2 ölçümlerinin %15,6’sında limit aşımı olmuştur. Antakya’da
SO2 limit aşımı %11,6, İskenderun’da %22,3’tür.Yıllara göre en fazla
limit aşımı %26,4 ile 2015 yılı, aylara göre ise %41,9 ile Aralık ayıdır.Sonuç: Antakya
ve İskenderun’da dış ortam havası kirlidir. Hava kalitesinde yıllar itibarı ile
önemli bir iyileşme görülmemektedir. Hava kalitesini DSÖ’nün değerlerine yükseltebilmek
için sorumlu sektörler başta olmak üzere, toplumun tüm kesimlerinde farkındalık
ve duyarlılık geliştirici çalışmalar gereklidir.
La atención a la diversidad en el aula: dificultades y necesidades del profesorado de educación secundaria y universidad
Authors: Mayo Pais Mª Emma , Fernández de la Iglesia Josefa del Carmen , Roget Salgado Felipe
Published: March 2020

En el presente estudio se analizan las necesidades y dificultades para la atención educativa del profesorado a alumnado con discapacidad en el aula y su relación con distintas variables: sexo y edad del profesorado, tipo de discapacidad y etapa educativa. En relación con esta última variable se pretende comparar las reacciones del profesorado de secundaria con las del universitario, a través de una muestra de 200 docentes de ambos niveles educativos. Se ha observado, tras la aplicación de una adaptación del “Cuestionario para los profesores universitarios” (Castellana y Sala, 2005), que el profesorado de secundaria está más familiarizado con la presencia de alumnado con discapacidad y está más dispuesto a adaptar su metodología, pero a pesar de ello se muestra más inseguro que el universitario, y en consecuencia reclama una mayor formación, especialmente en los casos de discapacidad visual, así como un servicio de mediación y apoyo, que no parece identificarse con el departamento de Orientación. Estas necesidades no cubiertas podrían justificar la valoración mayoritariamente negativa de las experiencias con alumnado con discapacidad, especialmente en la Universidad, donde el desarrollo curricular se impone sobre el desarrollo personal.
Las TIC en el fomento lector de los adolescentes. Un estudio de caso desde las creencias docentes
Authors: Romero Oliva Manuel Francisco , Heredia Ponce Hugo , Trigo Ibáñez Ester
Published: March 2020

Este trabajo, planteado como un estudio de caso desde un enfoque mixto de corte mediacional, tiene como objetivo analizar las creencias del profesorado sobre la integración de las TIC en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje para el fomento de la lectura. El contexto estudiado corresponde con un centro de educación secundaria de la provincia de Cádiz. Se contó con la participación de 14 docentes (N=14) –áreas lingüísticas (n=6) y no lingüísticas (n=8)–. Para comprender la realidad analizada, fue necesaria la combinación de instrumentos cuantitativos (cuestionario de creencias y actitudes de los docentes), y cualitativos (grupos focales). Los resultados recogidos a través de una matriz DAFO, si bien reflejan una actitud proactiva del docente hacia la innovación educativa para el fomento lector del adolescente, evidencian una necesidad formativa para afrontar dicho reto desde una visión de centro educativo.
Momordica charantia L. Fruit Fractions inhibit Malondialdehyde Level and Regenerate Hepatic Damage of Hyperglycemic Rats
Authors: Parawansah Parawansah , Sudayasa I Putu , Syarifin Andi Noor Kholidha , Eso Amirudin , Nuralifah Nuralifah , Fathanah Wa Ode Siti Rahayu , Sandra Ferry
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: Chronic hyperglycemia causes an increase of free radical production and in longterm, the hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress. Among medicinal plants, Momordica charantia L. fruit has been known to overcome hyperglycemia. However, role of M. charantia L. fruit on oxidative stress is not well understood. Therefore, current study was conducted to investigate the effect of M. charantia L. fruit extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) level and hepatic damage in hyperglicemic rat model.METHODS: Twenty five white rats (Rattus novergicus) were induced with Streptozotocin (STZ) and treated with/without glibenclamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), or M. charantia L. fruit ethanol/ethyl acetate/ n-hexane fraction. After the treatment, rat’s livers were collected and separated for histopathological examination and MDA analysis.RESULTS: The MDA level average of rats before the STZ induction was 1.37 μg/mL. MDA level average was markedly increased (23.85 μg/mL) in rats induced with STZ and treated with Na-CMC merely. The MDA level average of STZ-induced glibenclamide-treated rats was 3.12 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the MDA level averages of STZ-induced M. charantia L. fruit ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions-treated rats were 14.95, 8.98 and 5.37 μg/mL, respectively. The histopathology results of this study showed that adipocytes, dilated sinusoids and central vein thickening were mostly observed in STZ-induced Na-CMC-treated rats. Meanwhile, the STZ-induced ethanol/ethyl acetate/n-hexane fraction-treated rats did not exhibitthose expressions.CONCLUSION: M. charantia L. fruit fractions inhibit the MDA level average in liver tissue and regenerate hepatic damage of STZ-induced rats, especially the n-hexane fraction which could be a potential hepatic antioxidant and regenerative agent.KEYWORDS: Momordica charantia L., malondialdehyde, oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus
The Correlation of L-citrulline Levels with Blood Pressure in Severe Preeclampsia
Authors: Karmia Hudila Rifa , Afriwardi Afriwardi , Ali Hirowati , Mose Johanes Cornelius , Yusrawati Yusrawati
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: Based on 'vascular disorder of pregnancy' terminology, preeclampsia primarily was not a hypertensive disorder, but a vascular disorder (general vasospasm) in pregnancy due to idiopathic etiology. The overall incidence of preeclampsia was 5-14% of all pregnancies. One of the substances responsible for regulating vascular tone is nitric oxide (NO), which produced in endothelial blood vessels. NO and L-citrulline are produced altogether by the reaction between L-arginine and oxygen. L-citrulline levels reflected NO production. This study was aimed to assess the correlation between the L-citrulline level and blood pressure in severe preeclampsia.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was done in Dr. M. Djamil Central General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia The sample size was 36 samples of pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and had yet been given antihypertensive therapy. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling from Obstetrics and Gynecology Division. After maternal examination and measurements L-citrulline levels of cubital venous blood by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, Pearson correlation was performed to assess the relationship between variables for normally distributed data and Spearman's correlation for abnormal distribution data with significance level p<0.05.RESULTS: Means of L-citrulline levels, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and arterial pressure (MAP) were 87.21 nmol/mL, 179.4 mmHg, 108.3mmHg, and 132.1 mmHg, respectively. Correlation of the L-citrulline level with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and MAP were -0.08, -0.175, and -0.136 (p>0.05), respectively.CONCLUSION: L-citrulline levels had no correlation with blood pressure in severe preeclampsia.KEYWORDS: L-citrulline levels, blood pressure, severe preeclampsia
Vegetable growing is one of the priority directions of agricultural production
Authors: Pivovarov V. F. , Soldatenko A. V. , Pyshnaya O. N. , Nadezhkin S. M. , Gurkina L. K.
Published: March 2020

In recent years, in the agricultural sector there is a tendency to increase the production of crop products. However, its quality is still not high enough. To improve the situation in the vegetable growing industry, an important place is given to improving breeding and seed production, since the variety and high-quality seeds are the main elements of modern crop cultivation zonal technologies. At the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Vegetable Center” (FSBSI FSVC), vegetable crop breeding has been put on the innovative path of development, where modern methods are used along with classical ones: molecular markers on the main of economical important plant determinants, accelerated creation of homogeneous lines using the methods of doubled haploids and biotechnology of functional products for healthy nutrition. As a result of purposeful selection work, domestic varieties and hybrids of vegetable crops with fundamentally new qualities were created. The geographical location of the branches of the Center allows you to create breeding achievements for all potential regions of vegetable growing. In 2019, 36 varieties and hybrids of vegetables and melon crops were created, including cabbage, carrot, tomato, onion, onion Shallot, perennial onion, garlic, peas, bean, cowpea, pumpkin, cucumber, sugar corn, green vegetables culture, spicy-flavouring plant and floral crops. In order to provide the industry with pure-grade quality seed material and increase the productivity of crops due to the full use of the potential of the variety in the FSBSI FSVC, constant work is carried out in primary seed production. Zonal cultivation technologies have been developed that will allow growing domestic products in different soil and climatic conditions of the country. Wide introduction of achievements of the Russian vegetable growing science in agricultural production is capable to provide the population of the Russian Federation with high-quality, domestic production.
Tissue rupture in tomato fruits in protected ground
Authors: Korol V. G.
Published: March 2020

Often you can observe various physiological violations, including on fruits, caused by warehouses – unfavorable growth conditions under growing plants in protected ground. Identified physiological abnormalities are the result of exceeding certain limits, when which plants can no longer normally develop to go. One of the common physiological disorders – tissue rupture in tomato fruits, express-cracks in various directions and depths on the surface of the fruit. Tissue rupture occurs most often in tomato fruits in the beginning stage of them maturation, which is associated with a significant decrease elasticity of the skin during this period. Meticulous adherence to growing technology, maintenance optimal microclimate in cultivation facilities and growing less sensitive hybrids reduces or avoids cracking fruit. In this article we will try to consider the problem of tissue rupture in tomato fruits when they cultivation in protected ground and the main causes of this phenomenon.
Different methods of basic preparation of soil after fish pond on the reclaimed lands of Astrakhan region
Authors: Sokolov A. S. , Sokolova G. F.
Published: March 2020

Relevance and methods. The article presents the results of research of various methods of basic soil preparation for melons planting for commercial purposes after a fish pond. The trial scheme covered the study of two variants: dumped tillage single-furrow plow (traditional), used to proceed in the farming unit, and sweep blade tillage with subsurface plow (proposed). In the course of scientific research there were determined agrophysical properties of soil, moisture content, contamination of crops (weediness), yielding capacity and profitability.

Results. It was found that the lowest bulk density of soil of 1.12 and 1.15 t/m3 was in the layers of 0.0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m after carrying out of the dumped tillage. When carrying out sweep blade tillage, the bulk density of soil of 1.17 t/m3 was obtained only in the upper layer of 0.0-0.1 m, in subsequent layers the value of bulk density of soil significantly increased from 1.44 (0.1-0.2 m) to 1.56 t/m3 (0.3-0.4 m). On average the indicators of natural soil moisture were in 1.2-1.3 times higher, and the deposit of moisture was in 1.1-1.5 times higher in the variant with subsurface plow treatment of the soil. For the melon crops cultivated according to traditional technology, there was a significant decrease in 1.8 times of the number of weeds and in 1.7 -times of their raw weight, compared with the proposed technology. The yielding capacity of melon of Lada variety was 43.9 t/ha according to the traditional technology, and 48.4 t/ha according to the proposed technology, profitability was 161.3% and 185.8% respectively.
Nadużywanie alkoholu przez członka rodziny jako czynnik modelujący językowy obraz świata osób dorosłych
Authors: Baruk‑Dzięcioł Ewa
Published: March 2020

Nadużywanie alkoholu przez członka rodziny jest jednym z czynników sprzyjających powstawaniu jej dysfunkcji. Obecność tego problemu w środowisku rodzinnym wpływa deformująco na sposób postrzegania i interpretowania otaczającej rzeczywistości przez pozostałych jej członków. Stąd kształtujący się w ich świadomości obraz własnej osoby i otaczającego świata jest często nieadekwatny i zafałszowany. Celem zrealizowanych badań było określenie zawartości zarówno językowego prototypu nałogu, jak i językowego prototypu alkoholizmu u osób dorosłych, w których rodzinie obecny jest problem nadużywania alkoholu. Nasuwa się więc pytanie, czy nadużywanie alkoholu przez członka rodziny może warunkować zawartość językowego prototypu nałogu i językowego prototypu alkoholizmu, które ukształtowały się w świadomości osób dorosłych pochodzących z rodzin obarczonych tym problemem? Odpowiedzi na to pytanie można szukać w wynikach eksperymentu asocjacyjnego przeprowadzonego wśród osób wywodzących się z rodzin dotkniętych problemem nadużywania alkoholu oraz bez tego problemu z wykorzystaniem słów-bodźców nałóg i alkoholizm. Udało się zauważyć, że językowy prototyp nałogu jest zbieżny zarówno ze względu na zakres znaczeniowy u respondentek z poszczególnych grup, jak i pozycje rangowe zajmowane przez asocjacje go wypełniające. Jednakże konkretne skojarzenia osiągnęły odmienną częstość użycia w poszczególnych grupach respondentek. Wskazuje to na różne odczuwanie przez nie istotności poszczególnych elementów w językowym obrazie nałogu. Okazało się też, że językowy prototyp alkoholizmu ma zbliżony zakres znaczeniowy. Jednakże asocjacje go budujące osiągnęły nie tylko odmienną częstość użycia, ale i zajęły odmienne pozycje rangowe u respondentek z poszczególnych grup. Podsumowując, można stwierdzić, że nałóg i alkoholizm są takimi elementami językowego obrazu świata, które są uwarunkowane przez oddziaływania społeczno-kulturowe i edukacyjne.
Powodowanie rozkładu pożycia rodzinnego jako podstawa zobowiązania do podjęcia leczenia odwykowego przeciwalkoholowego –w świetle orzecznictwa sądowego
Authors: Partyk Aleksandra
Published: March 2020

W przepisach ustawy z dnia 26 października 1982 r. o wychowaniu w trzeźwości i przeciwdziałaniu alkoholizmowi przewidziano możliwość zastosowania obowiązku leczenia odwykowego przeciwalkoholowego względem osoby uzależnionej. Przymusowe leczenie odwykowe może być prowadzone w systemie niestacjonarnym lub stacjonarnym. Obie formy leczenia odwykowego stanowią jednak ustawowy wyjątek, bowiem jako zasadę przewidziano dobrowolne podejmowanie leczenia nałogu. W judykaturze wskazuje się w szczególności, że samo uzależnienie od alkoholu nie wystarcza do zobowiązania uczestnika do podjęcia leczenia odwykowego przeciwalkoholowego. Musi istnieć również tzw. przesłanka społeczna. Jedną z nich jest powodowanie przez osobę uzależnioną rozkładu życia rodzinnego. W praktyce orzeczniczej sądów odwoływanie się do tej okoliczności występuje często. Jednakże ustalenie, czy ma ona faktycznie miejsce, ma charakter ocenny. Nie każdy bowiem konflikt w rodzinie jest tożsamy z rozkładem pożycia. Poza tym nie można uwzględnić wniosku, jeżeli doszło już do definitywnego rozpadu więzi rodzinnych. Sąd uwzględnia przy tym stan istniejący w dacie zamknięcia rozprawy, a zatem poprawa postępowania osoby uzależnionej, w tym podjęcie dobrowolnej terapii, musi wpływać na ostateczny kierunek rozstrzygnięcia sądu. Orzekanie o zobowiązaniu do podjęcia leczenia odwykowego przeciwalkoholowego jest szczególnie istotne, jeżeli zachodzi realna obawa, że kryzys rodziny dotkniętej alkoholizmem jednego z jej członków będzie się pogłębiał. Szybkość reakcji aparatu państwowego zwiększa zarazem prawdopodobieństwo sukcesu.
Duchowość w procesie zdrowienia alkoholików
Authors: Chrost Sławomir
Published: March 2020

Program „12 Kroków Anonimowych Alkoholików” zawiera stwierdzenia dotyczące wiary w to, że istnieje „większa siła”, która może uzdrowić i pomóc odzyskać równowagę w życiu czy słowa o duchowym przebudzeniu, dzięki któremu możliwe jest niesienie pomocy innym osobom uzależnionym od alkoholu. Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytania: jak alkoholicy pojmują duchowość?, czy i jak zmienia się duchowość osób uzależnionych od alkoholu w trakcie leczenia?, czy i jak duchowość oddziałuje na proces zdrowienia tych osób? Badaniami prowadzonymi metodą indywidualnych przypadków (techniką wywiadu pogłębionego) objęto 10 osób. Zostały one przeprowadzone w Ośrodku Terapii Uzależnienia i Współuzależnienia od Alkoholu i w Zakładzie Opieki Specjalistycznej w mieście na prawach powiatu o wielkości 80 tys. mieszkańców. Wnioski z badań upoważniają do przyjęcia następujących tez: duchowość według alkoholików jest poznawaniem samego siebie; można ją utożsamić z wiarą i Siłą Wyższą, którą każdy inaczej rozumie; w trakcie leczenia zmienia się duchowość alkoholików; duchowość pomaga alkoholikom w dokonaniu refleksji nad tym, co dzieje się w ich życiu, a także w odnalezieniu sensu życia; duchowość pomaga w podjęciu decyzji o leczeniu; duchowość odgrywa pozytywną rolę w procesie leczenia alkoholików, między innymi pomaga w utrzymaniu abstynencji.
Wybrane trudności w badaniach terenowych i sposoby (zaistniałe i możliwe) zabezpieczania się przed nimi na przykładzie badań z udziałem rodziców dorosłych dzieci uzależnionych od alkoholu oraz przedstawicieli instytucji leczenia i wsparcia społecznego
Authors: Okólska Katarzyna
Published: March 2020

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie wybranych trudności, które pojawiały się podczas badań z udziałem rodziców dorosłych dzieci uzależnionych od alkoholu oraz przedstawicieli instytucji pomocowych dla rodzin z wyżej wymienionym problemem. W artykule przedstawiono również sposoby (zaistniałe i możliwe) radzenia sobie ze wspomnianymi ograniczeniami. Przedmiotem moich rozważań są trudności, które wynikały ze specyfiki wykorzystanej metodologii badań (metodologia teorii ugruntowanej), a także z charakteru badanego zjawiska społecznego. Był nim proces „stawania się” rodzicem dorosłego dziecka uzależnionego od alkoholu oraz doświadczenia towarzyszące temu procesowi. Poruszane zagadnienia stanowią refleksje własne autorki będące wynikiem przeprowadzonych zespołowo wywiadów narracyjnych z rodzicami dorosłych osób uzależnionych od alkoholu oraz wywiadów swobodnych z przedstawicielami instytucji leczenia i wsparcia społecznego.
Wsparcie matek w trudnej sytuacji życiowej w Domu Samotnej Matki w Łodzi
Authors: Jóźwiak‑Majchrzak Wioletta
Published: March 2020

Artykuł ten jest zapisem obserwacji i refleksji nad praktyką pracy socjalnej prowadzonej w Domu Samotnej Matki w Łodzi w oparciu o wewnętrzne dokumenty programowe np. „Program wychodzenia z kryzysu dla kobiet w ciąży i rodzin zagrożonych wykluczeniem społecznym w Domu Samotnej Matki im. Stanisławy Leszczyńskiej w Łodzi”, „Księga procedur i standardów obowiązujących w Domu Samotnej Matki w Łodzi”. Poddano analizie dokumentację matek – zapisy sesji socjalnych, ewidencję pracy, diagnozy adaptacyjne oraz Indywidualne Programy Usamodzielnienia. Celem jest ukazanie problemu uzależnienia od alkoholu w grupie matek, które mieszkają w Domu Samotnej Matki w Łodzi.
PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF SEVERE DENGUE INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Baiduri Senja , Husada Dominicius , Puspitasari Dwiyanti , Kartina Leny , Basuki Parwati Setiono , Ismoedijanto Ismoedijanto
Published: March 2020

The  incidence of dengue fever increase annually and can increase morbidity and mortality. Dengue fever is mosquito-borne disease and caused by one of four serotype dengue viruses. Severe dengue is characterized either by plasma leakage, fluid accumulation, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, or organ impairment. Mortality and serious morbidity of dengue were caused by several factors including the late recognition of the disease and the changing of clinical signs and symptoms. Understanding the prognostic factors in severe dengue will give early warning to physician thus decreasing the morbidity and mortality, and also improving the treatment and disease management. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors of severe dengue infection in children. This study was observational cohort study in children (2 months-18 years) with dengue infection according to WHO 2009 criteria which admitted in  Soetomo and Soewandhie Hospital Surabaya. Analysis with univariate, bivariate and multivariate with IBM SPSS Statistic 17. All patients were confirmed by serologic marker (NS-1 or IgM/IgG Dengue). Clinical and laboratory examination such as complete blood count, aspartate aminotrasnferase (AST), alanine aminotrasferase (ALT), albumin, and both partial trombocite time and activated partial trombosit time (PTT and aPPT) were analyzed comparing nonsevere dengue and severe dengue patients. There were 40 subjects innonsevere and 27 subjects with severe dengue infection. On bivariate analysis, there were significant differences of nutritional status, abdominal pain, petechiae, pleural effusion, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, history of transfusion, increasing AST>3x, prolonged PPT and APTT between severe and nonsevere dengue group. After multivariate analyzed, the prognostic factors of severe dengue were overweight/obesity (p=0.003, RR 94), vomiting (p=0.02, RR 13.3), hepatomegaly (p=0.01, RR=69.4), and prolonged APTT (p=0.005, RR=43.25). In conclusion, overweight/obesity, vomiting, hepatomegaly, and prolonged APTT were prognostic factors in severe dengue infection in children.Those factors should be monitored closely in order to reduce the mortality and serious morbidity.
Vascular changes of the head and neck
Authors: Krasiński Zbigniew , Krasińska Aleksandra
Published: March 2020

Many types of vascular changes on the face can be treated after proper diagnosis in such a way as to take into account the behavior of the aesthetic appearance. There are many different congenital vascular lesions in the skin, but they are mainly vascular malformations and hemangiomas. The paper presents the characteristics of changes and therapeutic options.
Assessment of Coke Oven Operating State Using Trend Analysis and Information Entropy
Authors: Lei Qi ,   School of Automation, Central South University 932 Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China, Guo Fengmei
Published: March 2020

In the combustion process of a coke oven, it is crucial to evaluate the operating state to ensure control performance for the stabilization of the coke oven temperature. This paper presents an assessment method for a coke oven operating state based on the analysis of the mechanism. A coke oven, which is an integrator, is categorized into serial subsystems, which include two coking chambers and one combustion chamber. First, the raw gas temperature of every coking chamber is extracted online and is combined with the qualitative trend analysis that yields the feature point of the raw gas temperature. Subsequently, fuzzy method is presented to describe the uncertainty and evaluate the heat level of each subsystem. Finally, a comprehensive assessment of the operating state of the coke oven is performed by combining the weighted contribution of all subsystems, which is expressed by information entropy. Simulations and experiments demonstrate the validity of the method.
Legal Liability for Returning Firearms to Suicidal Persons Who Voluntarily Surrender Them in 50 US States
Authors: Gibbons Molly J. , Fan Mary D. , Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , Rivara Frederick P.
Published: March 2020

Temporary transfers of firearms from suicidal persons is a strategy to reduce the incidence of suicide deaths. We discuss a barrier to the effective operation of voluntary temporary firearm transfer laws: the dearth of guidance on the liability for returning firearms to persons who voluntarily surrender them. We examine the laws of all 50 US states that regulate temporary surrenders of firearms and evaluate whether any provisions govern liability for returning temporarily surrendered firearms.

Although 14 states create background check exceptions to permit temporary transfers of firearms from an owner to family, friends, retailers, or law enforcement, no states prescribe procedures for returning those firearms.ability for returning the firearms to people who voluntarily surrendered them.

We recommend amending state laws to clarify the process and liability for returning temporarily surrendered firearms to the original owner. Such amendments would be intended to mitigate the potential chilling effect that lack of clarity and presumption of liability may impose on efficiently reducing firearm access to protect firearm owners at risk for suicide.
A Short History of Occupational Safety and Health in the United States
Authors: Rosner David , Markowitz Gerald
Published: March 2020

As this short history of occupational safety and health before and after establishment of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) clearly demonstrates, labor has always recognized perils in the workplace, and as a result, workers’ safety and health have played an essential part of the battles for shorter hours, higher wages, and better working conditions. OSHA’s history is an intimate part of a long struggle over the rights of working people to a safe and healthy workplace. In the early decades, strikes over working conditions multiplied. The New Deal profoundly increased the role of the federal government in the field of occupational safety and health. In the 1960s, unions helped mobilize hundreds of thousands of workers and their unions to push for federal legislation that ultimately resulted in the passage of the Mine Safety and Health Act of 1969 and the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. From the 1970s onward, industry developed a variety of tactics to undercut OSHA. Industry argued over what constituted good science, shifted the debate from health to economic costs, and challenged all statements considered damaging.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration at 50: Protecting Workers in a Changing Economy
Authors: Michaels David , Barab Jordan
Published: March 2020

The passage of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 brought unprecedented changes in US workplaces, and the activities of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) have contributed to a significant reduction in work-related deaths, injuries, and illnesses. Despite this, millions of workers are injured annually, and thousands killed.

To reduce the toll, OSHA needs greater resources, a new standard-setting process, increased civil and criminal penalties, full coverage for all workers, and stronger whistleblower protections. Workers should not be injured or made sick by their jobs. To eliminate work injuries and illnesses, we must remake and modernize OSHA and restructure the relationship of employers and workers with the agency and each other.

This includes changing the expectation of what employers must do to protect workers and implementing a requirement that firms have a “duty of care” to protect all people who may be harmed by their activities. Only by making major changes can we ensure that every worker leaves work as healthy as they were when their work shift began.
Management of Rural Onsite Wastewater Systems for Protecting Natural Environment and Human Health
Authors: Cameron Curran
Published: March 2020

This study investigates the degree to which private rural onsite wastewater systems are managed with respect to environmental protection and human health. Negative effects from unregulated systems will be examined through identifying constraints that are currently in place pertaining to system approvals processes, requirements, and performance. Research for this project is focused in Ontario and the United States and will involve reaching out to owners of private rural onsite wastewater systems. The goals of this research are to provide insight into better management of these systems. Specifically, through the creation a best practice guide and ultimately influence on provincial legislation.
The Role of Local Food in Rural Economic Development, A Case Study of Frontenac County
Authors: Katherine Howes
Published: March 2020

In Eastern Ontario, a growing number of counties and cities are developing food initiatives. In Frontenac County, local food businesses are becoming more prominent. In attempting to understand how to further support the growing local food economy of Frontenac County, this research has used a collaborative approach with the Frontenac CFDC, Frontenac County and OMAFRA to understand what infrastructure, services and other supports are required to grow the local food economy. Using this networked approach, this research has engaged local food producers, processors, distributors, retailers, restauranteurs as well as other local food key stakeholders through a survey and key informant interviews. This research will attempt to link local food stakeholders in the County through a networking workshop. This study will identify challenges and opportunities faced by local food stakeholders in the County and in turn, will create recommendations and best practices to further grow the local food economy in Frontenac County.
Lemon juice antioxidant activity against oxidative stress
Authors: Ali Safaa
Published: March 2020

This study is conducted to evaluate the therapeutic and antioxidant effect of lemon juice on some hematological and biochemical parameters. Thirty female mice used in this study were exposed to oxidative stress through giving them hydrogen peroxide in drinking water for 30 days. Animals randomly distributed over 3 groups, each group contained 10 animals and treated as follows: T1 control group (drinking distilled water only), T2 (0.75% hydrogen peroxide in drinking water) and T3 (0.75% hydrogen peroxide in drinking water with daily drenching with 1 mL lemon juice). At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from animals for evaluating the following hematological and biochemical parameters: Haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cells count (RBC), white blood cells count (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count (PLT), level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total protein. The results showed that T3 exhibited an enhancement in RBC count, Hb concentration, WBC, lymphocyte and total protein and reduction in the level of AST and ALT compared to T2. These findings clearly revealed the advance protective and antioxidant features of lemon juice on hematological and biochemical parameters of the oxidatively stressed female mice.
A Comparative Study of the Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye from Aqueous Solution on Rice Husk and Charcoal
Authors: Mousa Souad Abd
Published: March 2020

In this work, the adsorption of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution on charcoal and rice husk has been investigated, where the impact of variable factors (contact time; the dosage of adsorbent, pH, temperature, and ionic strength) have been studied. It has been found that charcoal and rice husk have an appropriate adsorption limit with regards to the expulsion of crystal violet dye from fluid arrangements. The harmony adsorption is for all intents and purposes accomplished in 45 min for charcoal and 60 min for rice husk. The amount of crystal violet dye adsorbed (0.4 g of charcoal and 0.5 g of rice husk) increased with an increasing pH and the value of 11 is the best. The effect of temperature on the adsorption process was studied at the range (298-323) K. The test comes about were broken down by utilizing Freundlich and Tempkin isotherm models, where the Freundlich and Tempkin factors were determined, and it has been found that the adsorption isotherm obey the Freundlich isotherm. The effect of ionic strength on the adsorption process was studied also via sodium chloride electrolyte solution; the results have been revaled that the sodium ion has a positive impact on the adsorption process. The thermodynamic parameters are shown estimated as ∆H values were 2.8012 kJ mol-1 and 5.8252 kJ mol-1 for charcoal and rice husk, respectively; this behavior referred to endothermic adsorption.
Evaluating the impact of the weather conditions on the influenza propagation
Authors: Singh David E. , Marinescu Maria-Cristina , Carretero Jesus , Delgado-Sanz Concepcion , Gomez-Barroso Diana , Larrauri Amparo
Published: March 2020

Background: Predicting the details of how an epidemic evolves is highly valuable as health institutions need to better plan towards limiting the infection propagation effects and optimizing their prediction and response capabilities. Simulation is a cost- and time-effective way of predicting the evolution of the infection as the joint influence of many different factors: interaction patterns, personal characteristics, travel patterns, meteorological conditions, previous vaccination, etc. The work presented in this paper extends EpiGraph, our influenza epidemic simulator, by introducing a meteorological model as a modular component that interacts with the rest of EpiGraph's modules to refine our previous simulation results. Our goal is to estimate the effects of changes in temperature and relative humidity on the patterns of epidemic influenza based on data provided by the Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System (SISSS) and the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET). Methods: Our meteorological model is based on the regression model developed by Barreca and Shimshack, and it is tuned with influenza surveillance data obtained from SISSS. After pre-processing this data to clean it and reconstruct missing samples, we obtain new values for the reproduction number of each urban region in Spain, every 10 minutes during 2011. We simulate the propagation of the influenza by setting the date of the epidemic onset and the initial influenza-illness rates for each urban region. Results: We show that the simulation results have the same propagation shape as the weekly influenza rates as recorded by SISSS. We perform experiments for a realistic scenario based on actual meteorological data from 2010-2011, and for synthetic values assumed under simplified predicted climate change conditions. Results show that a diminishing relative humidity of 10\% produces an increment of about 1.6\% in the final infection rate. The effect of temperature changes on the infection spread is also noticeable, with a decrease of 1.1\% per extra degree. Conclusions: Using a tool like ours could help predict the shape of developing epidemics and its peaks, and would permit to quickly run scenarios to determine the evolution of the epidemic under different conditions. We make EpiGraph source code and epidemic data publicly available.
Analysis of responder-based endpoints: improving power through utilising continuous components
Authors: Wason James , McMenamin Martina , Dodd Susanna
Published: March 2020

Background: Clinical trials and other studies commonly assess effectiveness of an intervention through use of responder-based endpoints. These classify patients based on whether they meet a number of criteria which often involve continuous variables categorised as being above or below a threshold. The proportion of patients who are responders is estimated and, where relevant, compared between groups. An alternative method called the augmented binary method keeps the definition of the endpoint the same but utilises information contained within the continuous component to increase the power considerably (equivalent to increasing the sample size by >30%). In this article we summarise the method and investigate the variety of clinical conditions that use endpoints to which it could be applied.Methods : We reviewed a database of Core Outcome Sets (COS) that covered physiological and mortality trial endpoints recommended for collection in clinical trials of different disorders. We identified responder-based endpoints where the augmented binary method would be useful for increasing power.Results: Out of the 287 COS reviewed, we identified 67 new clinical areas where endpoints were used that would be more efficiently analysed using the augmented binary method. Clinical areas that had particularly high numbers were rheumatology (11 clinical disorders identified), non-solid tumour oncology (10 identified), neurology (9 identified), and cardiovascular (8 identified)Conclusions: The augmented binary method can potentially provide large benefits in a vast array of clinical areas. Further methodological development is needed to account for some types of endpoint.
Positioning value of objective analysis of macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) in optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmology
Authors: Zhang Wei , Sun Xin-Quan , Peng Xiao-Yan
Published: March 2020

Background: This study aimed to explore the positioning value of objective analysis of macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) in optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmology diseases. Methods: This retrospective study included 32 patients with optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmology diseases. A swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) was used to scan and analyze the morphological characteristics of mGCC thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in these patients, and then they were compared with the visual field changes at the corresponding phase to analyze their relationship. Results: In optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmologic diseases, the morphological characteristics of mGCC thickness demonstrated similar characteristic changes to that of visual field, and mGCC analysis remained to be objective. Conclusion: The application of SS-OCT to examine the morphological changes of mGCC thickness has position value of objective analysis in the diagnosis and treatment of optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmologic diseases.
Analysis of factors associated with local recurrence after endoscopic resectionof gastric epithelial dysplasia: A retrospective study
Authors: Back Min Kyung , Moon Hee Seok , Kwon In Sun , Park Jae Ho , Kim Ju Seok , Kang Sun Hyung , Sung Jae Kyu , Lee Eaum Seok , Kim Seok Hyun , Lee Byung Seok , Jeong Hyun Yong
Published: March 2020

Background: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are widely used techniques for the treatment of gastric epithelial dysplasia. Previous studies have compared the clinical outcome of endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer, but few studies have focused on gastric dysplasia alone. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term prognosis following endoscopic procedures for gastric epithelial dysplasia, investigate differences in local recurrence rates according to the treatment modality, and identify risk factors associated with local recurrence. Methods: In this retrospective study, local recurrence rates and risk factors associated with local recurrence were compared between 599 patients who underwent EMR and 306 who underwent ESD for gastric epithelial dysplasia from January 2011 to December 2015.Results: The en bloc resection rate (32.2% vs. 100%, p<0.001) and complete resection rate (94.8% vs. 99.0%, p=0.003) were significantly lower in the EMR group than in the ESD group. The local recurrence rate was significantly lower in the ESD group (1.3%) than in the EMR group (4.2%; p=0.026). There was a significantly increased risk of local recurrence, regardless of lesion location or histologic grade, in patients with lesions >2 cm (p=0.002) or red in color (p=0.03). The ESD group had a significantly lower local recurrence rate, with a higher complete resection rate, than that in the EMR group (p<0.05).Conclusions: The complete resection rate was significantly higher, and the local recurrence rate was significantly lower, in patients with gastric epithelial dysplasia treated with ESD. Therefore, ESD should be considered the preferred treatment in patients with lesions >2 cm or showing redness due to an increased risk of local recurrence.
Smokeless tobacco use: its prevalence and relationships with dental symptoms, nutritional status and blood pressure among rural women in Burkina Faso
Authors: Diendéré Jeoffray , Zeba Augustin Nawidimbasba , Nikiéma Leon , Kaboré Ahmed , Savadogo Paul Windinpsidi , Tougouma Somnoma Jean Baptiste , Tinto Halidou , Ouédraogo Arouna
Published: March 2020

Background: Sub-Saharan women use smokeless tobacco (SLT) more than smoked tobacco. Among Western Africa countries, the estimated weighted prevalence of SLT use in rural women was the highest in Burkina Faso (after Sierra Leone). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SLT use and its associated factors among rural women in Burkina Faso by using nationally representative data. Methods : We used data from the 2013 STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) study, which provided sociodemographic, clinical (anthropometric, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], dental symptoms), biological (total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood sugar), and tobacco and alcohol consumption data. Data for 1730 rural women were used, and we performed Student’s, chi-squared and logistic regression. Results : The prevalence of current SLT use was 13.8% (95% CI: 12.2-15.5). Significant risks for SLT use were the presence of dental symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.59; p<0.001), undernourishment (aOR = 1.78; p<0.01), a decrease in waist circumference (aOR = 0.98; p<0.05), a decrease in DBP (aOR = 0.97; p<0.01), increase in SBP (aOR = 1.01; p<0.05), and an increase in differential blood pressure (aOR = 1.01; p<0.05). The co-use of alcohol was also a significant risk factor (aOR = 2.80; p<0.001). Conclusion : The prevalence of current SLT use was high among rural women in Burkina Faso, and significant concerns for users included alcohol co-use, the occurrence of dental symptoms, undernourishment, and an increase in differential blood pressure. National Public Health interventions are needed to reduce SLT use and its health-related concerns.
Anal incontinence and unrecognized anal sphincter injuries after vaginal delivery - A cross-sectional study in Norway
Authors: Berg Matilde Risopatron , Sahlin Ylva Ingrid
Published: March 2020

Background: Aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of postpartum anal incontinence among women who delivered vaginally, and to assess the extent to which obstetric injuries to the anal sphincters are missed. Methods: All women (both primiparous and multiparous) who delivered vaginally and received any kind of sutures in the perineal area at Innlandet Hospital Trust Elverum in Norway between January 1, 2015 and June 30, 2016 were invited to answer a questionnaire on St. Mark’s incontinence score and to participate in a clinical examination of the pelvic floor including endoanal sonography. Results: In total 207 (52,3%) of the 396 invited women participated in the study. Mean St. Mark’s score was 1.8 points (95% CI 1.4 to 2.1), and none of the participants suffered from weekly fecal leakage. Fecal urgency affected 11.7% (95% CI 7.1 to 16.3) of the participants, and 8.7% (95%CI 5.1 to 12.8) had weekly involuntary leakage of flatus. Nine women (9.3%, 95% CI 4.1 to 15.5) had a previously undetected third degree obstetric anal sphincter injury. Conclusion: The prevalence of anal incontinence among women who have delivered vaginally and received sutures due to 1 st and 2 nd degree perineal lacerations is low. Some obstetric anal sphincter injuries remain unrecognized at the time of delivery, but the symptoms of anal incontinence due to these injuries are in the lower half of the St. Mark’s incontinence score. Women with persistent symptoms like fecal urgency or leakage of gas and/or feces should be referred to evaluation by a colorectal surgeon in order to achieve optimal treatment.
Association of rs610604 in TNFAIP3 and rs17728338 in TNIP1 gene polymorphisms with psoriasis susceptibility: A meta-analysis of case-control studies
Authors: Gong Hai-bo , Gao Shu-tao , Pu Xiong-Ming , Kang Xiao-jing , Wu Xiu-juan
Published: March 2020

Background: To date, The pathological mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of psoriasis are still unanswered questions. Genome-wide association surveys have revealed that TNFAIP3 and TNIP1 were key biomarkers for psoriasis. This study aimed to investigate the association between TNFAIP3 and TNIP1 gene polymorphisms with psoriasis susceptibility. Methods: Comprehensive literature search was undertook across four online databases—PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to August 25, 2019. Allele model of inheritance was used to analyze the original data. Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the risk bias of each study. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the RevMan 5.3 software. Results: In all, 13 case-control studies comprising 13,908 psoriasis patients and 20,051 controls were identified and included in this meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that rs610604 in TNFAIP3 polymorphism was significantly associated with psoriasis risk using random effect model (G vs. T, OR = 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.09–1.31, P = 0.0002), and a significant association between rs17728338 in TNIP1 polymorphism and psoriasis vulnerability using fixed effect model (A vs. G, OR = 1.69, 95% CI:1.58–1.80, P < 0.00001). Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that rs610604 in TNFAIP3 and rs17728338 in TNIP1 gene polymorphisms were associated with psoriasis susceptibility.