bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTAC-induced Protein Structural Dynamics in Targeted Protein Degradation
Authors: Wu Kingsley Y. , Hung Ta I , Chang Chia-en A.
Published: May 2024

PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are small molecules that induce target protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. PROTACs recruit the target protein and E3 ligase; a critical first step is forming a ternary complex. However, while the formation a ternary complex is crucial, it may not always guarantee successful protein degradation. The dynamics of the PROTAC-induced degradation complex play a key role in ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. In this study, we computationally modelled protein complex structures and dynamics associated with a series of PROTACs featuring different linkers to investigate why these PROTACs, all of which formed ternary complexes with Cereblon (CRBN) E3 ligase and the target protein bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4BD1), exhibited varying degrees of degradation potency. We constructed the degradation machinery complexes with Culling-Ring Ligase 4A (CRL4A) E3 ligase scaffolds. Through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we illustrated how PROTAC-dependent protein dynamics facilitating the arrangement of surface lysine residues of BRD4BD1into the catalytic pocket of E2/ubiquitin cascade for ubiquitination. Despite featuring identical warheads in this PROTAC series, the linkers were found to affect the residue-interaction networks, and thus governing the essential motions of the entire degradation machine for ubiquitination. These findings offer a structural dynamic perspective on ligand-induced protein degradation, providing insights to guide future PROTAC design endeavors.
P
-wave fully charm and fully bottom tetraquark states
Authors: Chen Zhi-Zhong , Chen Xu-Liang , Yang Peng-Fei , Chen Wei
Published: May 2024

We have studied the mass spectra of the P-wave fully charm and fully bottom tetraquark states in the framework of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) sum rules. We construct the interpolating currents by inserting the covariant derivative operator D↔μ between the S-wave diquark and antidiquark fields. The excitation structures show that the pure λ-mode excited P-wave fully heavy tetraquarks exist for the quantum numbers JPC=1−−,1−+,2−−,2−+, and 3−−, while it is difficult to separate the

λ

-mode and ρ-mode excitations in the 0−+ channel. Within three Lorentz indices, there is no pure λ-mode excited P-wave fully charm/bottom tetraquark operators with JPC=0−− and 3−+. Our results support that the recent observed X(6900) and X(7200) resonances could be interpreted as the P-wave fully charm ccc¯c¯ tetraquark states with JPC=1−+ and 2−+, respectively. Some P-wave fully bottom bbb¯b¯ tetraquark states are predicted to be lower than the di-ηb(1S) and di-ϒ(1S) mass thresholds. Hopefully our calculations will be useful for identifying the nature of new exotic tetraquark states.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Entanglement entropy in lattices with non-Abelian gauge groups
Authors: Hategan-Marandiuc M.
Published: May 2024

Entanglement entropy, taken here to be geometric, requires a geometrically separable Hilbert space. In lattice gauge theories, it is not immediately clear if the physical Hilbert space is geometrically separable. In a previous paper we have shown that the physical Hilbert space in pure gauge Abelian lattice theories exhibits some form of geometric scaling with the lattice volume, which suggest that the space is locally factorizable and, therefore, geometrically separable. In this paper, we provide strong evidence that indicates that this scaling is not present when the group is non-Abelian. We do so by looking at the scaling of the dimension of the physical Hilbert space of theories with certain discrete groups. The lack of an appropriate scaling implies that the physical Hilbert space of such a theory does not admit a local factorization. We then extend the reasoning, as sensibly possible, to SU(2) and SU(N) to reach the same conclusion. Lastly, we show that the addition of matter fields to non-Abelian lattice gauge theories makes the resulting physical Hilbert space locally factorizable.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Leptogenesis driven by a Majoron
Authors: Chun Eung Jin , Jung Tae Hyun
Published: May 2024

We propose a leptogenesis scenario where baryon asymmetry generation is assisted by the kinetic motion of the Majoron, J, in the process of lepton-number violating inverse decays of a right-handed neutrino, N. We investigate two distinct scenarios depending on the sources of a Majoron kinetic motion: (1) the misalignment mechanism, and (2) the kinetic misalignment mechanism. The former case can naturally generate the observed baryon asymmetry for the Majoron mass mJ≳TeV and the right-handed neutrino’s mass MN≳1011  GeV. However, an additional decay channel of the Majoron is required to avoid the overclosure problem of the Majoron oscillation. The later scenario works successfully for mJ≲100  keV and MN≲109  GeV while MN can be even far below the temperature of the electroweak phase transition as long as sufficiently large kinetic misalignment is provided. We also find that a sub-100 keV Majoron is a viable candidate for dark matter.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Compact objects in and beyond the standard model from nonperturbative vacuum scalarization
Authors: Del Grosso Loris , Pani Paolo , Urbano Alfredo
Published: May 2024

We consider a theory in which a real scalar field is Yukawa coupled to a fermion and has a potential with two nondegenerate vacua. If the coupling is sufficiently strong, a collection of N fermions deforms the true vacuum state, creating energetically favored false-vacuum pockets in which fermions are trapped. We embed this model within general relativity and prove that it admits self-gravitating compact objects where the scalar field acquires a nontrivial profile due to nonperturbative effects. We discuss some applications of this general mechanism: (i) “neutron soliton stars” in low-energy effective QCD, which naturally happen to have masses around 2M⊙ and radii around 10 km even without neutron interactions; (ii) “Higgs false-vacuum pockets” in and beyond the standard model; (iii) “dark soliton stars” in models with a dark sector. In the latter two examples, we find compelling solutions naturally describing centimeter-size compact objects with masses around 10−6M⊙, intriguingly in a range compatible with the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE)+Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) microlensing anomaly. In addition to these interesting examples, the mechanism of nonperturbative vacuum scalarization may play a role in various contexts in and beyond the standard model, providing a support mechanism for new compact objects that can form in the early Universe, can collapse into primordial black holes through accretion past their maximum mass, and serve as dark matter candidates.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Bjorken
x
weighted energy-energy correlators from the target fragmentation region to the current fragmentation region
Authors: Cao Haotian , Li Hai Tao , Mi Zihao
Published: May 2024

We present the complete spectrum for the Bjorken x weighted energy-energy correlation in the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) process, from the target fragmentation region to the current fragmentation region, in the Breit frame. The corresponding collinear and transverse momentum-dependent logarithms are resummed to all orders with the accuracy of NLL and N3LL, respectively. The results in the full region are matched with an O(αs2) fixed-order calculation. The final numerical predictions are presented for both Electron-Ion Collider and Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility kinematics.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Examining the mismatch between the intended astronomy curriculum content, astronomical literacy, and the astronomical universe
Authors: Salimpour Saeed , Fitzgerald Michael , Hollow Robert
Published: May 2024

Over the years, there have been various calls to increase and better represent astronomy in curricula. This is motivated by views within the astronomy and astronomy education communities that the awe, wonder, and interdisciplinary nature of astronomy has the potential to engage students in STEM across disciplines. Reviews of curricula have shown that astronomy topics are represented in most mandated curricula around the world and although there is a homogeneity of astronomy topics in most mandated curricula, this representation has its limitations. By using the Australian National Curriculum, the USA-based Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), and the Swedish National Curriculum as examples, this study unpacks ideas around “How much astronomy is enough?”, the mismatches between astronomy topics in curricula and what constitutes astronomical literacy within the context of the Big Ideas in Astronomy document. The results identify that there is a significant gap at the galactic and extragalactic scales when considering the typical progression of astronomy topics when considering the conceptual, spatial, and temporal scales of the topics. Specifically, topics in curricula jump from tangible concepts within the student’s immediate and Solar System spatial scales in primary school to cosmological spatial scales in upper high school, without reference to spatial and conceptual connecting topics at galactic scales. Potential sample curriculum statements drawn from the Big Ideas are presented as a suggested curriculum inclusion. This curricula gap is identified as a potential source of a similar gap in education research in these topics at these levels, which in turn perpetuates the problem by there being a lack of research-based evidence for inclusion in the curriculum.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Spectral gaps of two- and three-dimensional many-body quantum systems in the thermodynamic limit
Authors: Lukin Illya V. , Sotnikov Andrii G. , Leamer Jacob M. , Magann Alicia B. , Bondar Denys I.
Published: May 2024

We present an expression for the spectral gap, opening up new possibilities for performing and accelerating spectral calculations of quantum many-body systems. We develop and demonstrate one such possibility in the context of tensor network simulations. Our approach requires only minor modifications of the widely used simple update method and is computationally lightweight relative to other approaches. We validate it by computing spectral gaps of the 2D and 3D transverse-field Ising models and find strong agreement with previously reported perturbation theory results.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Adaptive projected variational quantum dynamics
Authors: Linteau David , Barison Stefano , Lindner Netanel H. , Carleo Giuseppe
Published: May 2024

We propose an adaptive quantum algorithm to prepare accurate variational time evolved wave functions. The method is based on the projected variational quantum dynamics (pVQD) algorithm, that performs a global optimization with linear scaling in the number of variational parameters. Instead of fixing a variational ansatz at the beginning of the simulation, the circuit is grown systematically during the time evolution. Moreover, the adaptive step does not require auxiliary qubits and the gate search can be performed in parallel on different quantum devices. We apply the algorithm, named adaptive pVQD, to the simulation of driven spin models and fermionic systems, where it shows an advantage when compared to both Trotterized circuits and nonadaptive variational methods. Finally, we use the shallower circuits prepared using the adaptive pVQD algorithm to obtain more accurate measurements of physical properties of quantum systems on hardware.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Optimizing corrosion resistance of Fe35Ni20Cr12Mn28Al5 high-entropy alloy: synergistic effect of Mo inhibitor, Al content and cold rolling
Authors: Elkatatny Sally , Zaky Lamiaa , Abdelaziem Walaa , Abdelfatah Aliaa
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the corrosion behavior of cold-rolled Fe35Ni20Cr12Mn(28-x)Alx high-entropy alloys (HEAs) using the potentiodynamic polarization technique in 1 M H2SO4 acid. Additionally, the influence of molybdenum (Mo) additions as inhibitors and the effect of variations in cold rolling reduction ratios and Al content on corrosion behavior are examined.

Design/methodology/approach

Two cold rolling reduction ratios, namely, 50% (R50) and 90% (R90), were examined for the cold-rolled Fe35Ni20Cr12Mn28Al5 (Al5) and Fe35Ni20Cr12Mn23Al10 (Al10) HEAs. Mo inhibitor additions were introduced at varying concentrations of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 Wt.%. The potentiodynamic polarization technique was used to evaluate the corrosion rates (CRs) under different experimental conditions.

Findings

The results indicate that the addition of 0.3 Wt.% Mo in 1 M H2SO4 yielded the lowest CR for both R50 and R90, irrespective of the Al content in the HEAs. However, the highest CR was observed at 0.6 Wt.% Mo addition. Furthermore, increasing the concentration of Al resulted in a corresponding rise in the CR. Comparatively, the CR decreased significantly when the cold rolling reduction ratio increased from R50 to R90.

Originality/value

This research provides valuable insights into the intricate relationship between Mo inhibitors, cold rolling reduction ratio, Al content and the resulting corrosion behavior of Fe35Ni20Cr12Mn(28-x)Alx HEAs. The comprehensive analysis of corroded HEAs, including surface morphology, compositions and elemental distribution mapping, contributes to the understanding of the corrosion mechanisms and offers potential strategies for enhancing the corrosion behavior of HEAs.
Why I revisit a historic town in Chengdu? Roles of cognitive image, affective image and memorable tourism experiences
Authors: Zhou Xue , Ng Siew Imm , Deng Weiwei
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Building upon the cognition-affect-behavior (CAB) model and script theory, this research aims to enrich the existing literature on historic town tourism consumption by offering empirical evidence of how the cognitive and affective images of historic towns contributes to tourists' memorable tourism experiences (MTE) and revisit intention, while identifying the cognitive image dimensions that are relevant for evaluating historic towns.

Design/methodology/approach

An on-site survey was conducted with 486 local tourists who visited the historic towns in Chengdu. partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to assess both the measurement and structural models.

Findings

(1) Cognitive image emerged as a significant predictor of affective image; (2) Both cognitive image and affective image had a positive influence on MTE, in which cognitive image played a more dominant role in shaping MTE; (3) MTE was found to strongly predict revisit intention among tourists; (4) MTE and affective image mediated the relationship between cognitive image and revisit intention.

Research limitations/implications

This research highlights the value of incorporating cognitive and affective constructs in predicting MTE, and the proposed integrated framework of the CAB model and script theory exhibits superior predictive power in understanding tourists' revisit intention.

Practical implications

This research provides empirical insights about how historic towns improve their marketing strategies as short day-trip destinations.

Originality/value

This research provides a novel insight on the applicability of an integrated model combining the CAB model and script theory in explaining the revisit behavior of local tourists within the context of historic towns.
CEO childhood trauma experience and firm internationalization
Authors: Du Yongzhi , Xiang Yi , Ruan Hongfei
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine how the childhood trauma experiences of CEOs influence firms’ internationalization.

Design/methodology/approach

The research used a difference-in-difference method with constructing a treatment group whose chief executive officer (CEO) experienced the great famine in China between the ages of 7 and 11, and a control group whose CEO was born within three years after 1961.

Findings

The study reveals a significant inverse correlation between CEOs’ childhood trauma experiences and firm internationalization. However, this correlation is weaker in the case of state-owned enterprises and firms led by CEOs with overseas work experience.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to extend the theoretical framework to elucidate firms’ internationalization by introducing childhood trauma theory into the field of international business literature. Second, the authors link the literature on the effect of CEO explicit traits and psychological traits on firm internationalization by exploring how CEOs’ childhood trauma experience shapes their risk aversion, which, in turn, influences firm internationalization. Third, the authors address the call for examining the interplay of CEO life experiences by scrutinizing the moderating effect of CEO overseas work experience on the association between CEOs’ childhood trauma exposure and firm internationalization.
Queer dancers’ experiences in the dancesport world: exclusion, invisibilisation and assimilation
Authors: Meneau Val
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This paper intervenes in the consequences of a myth propagated in academic discourse about the dancesport world, according to which half of the men in Latin dancesport are gay. I challenge two assumptions that surround this myth: that cisgender gay men do not contribute to the reification of the heteronormative gender binary, and that the dancesport scene is inclusive of gay people. These assumptions are based on a blatant lack of understanding of the position of gay men within the dancesport world – that is, the ways in which subjects are constituted through the effects of power.

Design/methodology/approach

This work is based on empirical research I conducted in the dancesport community, including ethnographic and autoethnographic fieldwork, extant documents (e.g. books, blogs, Judging Regulations) and interviews with experts and participants of the dancesport scene (2021/2022). To analyse the data, I relied on the principles of dispositive analysis, grounded theory and dance analysis.

Findings

I show that gay dancers have turned to assimilation as their only available strategy. I discuss the negative consequences of assimilation as a political strategy and how it impacted queer dancers – between invisibilisation, residual shame and a failure to challenge the heteronormative gender binary. This led gay dancers to rationalise and perpetrate harm based on the systems of oppression they had internalised.

Social implications

I conclude the paper by highlighting a way beyond assimilation for queer dancers.

Originality/value

This paper addresses a critical gap in research on LGBT + inclusion in dancesport.
Leading with understanding: cultivating positive relationships between neurotypical leaders and neurodivergent employees
Authors: Szulc Joanna Maria
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Neurodivergent employees have atypical needs that require distinctive leadership approaches. In this study, the specific nature of a relationship between neurodivergent employees and their neurotypical leaders is explored through the lens of the leader–member exchange (LMX) theory.

Design/methodology/approach

This two-phased qualitative study builds on 12 semi-structured interviews with neurodivergent employees and an unstructured focus group with 15 individuals with professional and/or personal interest in neurodiversity. The researcher spent almost 13 h listening to the lived experiences of research participants concerning neurodiversity and leadership.

Findings

Leaders who exhibit empathy and understanding were noted to provide greater support. The findings also highlight the complexity of neuro-inclusion in the workplace. Specifically, the delicate balance between accommodation and avoiding stigmatization is emphasized, addressing the concerns raised regarding the legal risks associated with neurodivergent inclusion. Additionally, the findings underscore the necessity for leaders to avoid patronizing behaviors while catering to the diverse needs of neurodivergent employees. This underscores the importance of supporting both neurodivergent employees and leaders navigating such challenges.

Practical implications

The findings help establish inclusive and accommodating employee relations practices that conscientiously address the requirements of neurodivergent employees while providing support for those in leadership roles.

Originality/value

This study constitutes a direct answer to recent calls to develop a more nuanced understanding of workplace neurodiversity, with a specific focus on neuro-inclusive leadership. Acknowledging that we still use inappropriate, old tools in new situations that require novel approaches to leadership helps set the agenda for future research in this area.
Effectiveness evaluation of Construction 4.0 technologies in improving built environment resilience
Authors: Shafei Hazwani , Rahman Rahimi A. , Lee Yong Siang
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Built environments are highly vulnerable to climatic disasters such as extreme floods, droughts and storms. Inaccurate decisions in adopting emerging construction technologies can result in missed opportunities to improve the resilience of built environments. Therefore, understanding the effectiveness of emerging construction technologies in improving built environment resilience can help in making better strategic decisions at the national and organizational levels. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Construction 4.0 technologies in improving built environment resilience.

Design/methodology/approach

A list of Construction 4.0 technologies was adopted from a national strategic plan. Then, the data were collected using the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution technique from selected built environment experts to determine the relative effectiveness of Construction 4.0 technologies in improving built environment resilience.

Findings

Six Construction 4.0 technologies are critical in improving built environment resilience (in rank order): building information modeling, autonomous construction, advanced building materials, big data and predictive analytics, internet of Things and prefabrication and modular construction. In addition, adopting Construction 4.0 technologies collectively is crucial, as moderate to strong connections exist among the technologies in improving built environment resilience.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first papers that evaluate the effectiveness of Construction 4.0 technologies in improving built environment resilience. Industry professionals, researchers and policymakers can use the study findings to make well-informed decisions on selecting Construction 4.0 technologies that improve built environment resilience to climatic disasters.
A comparative analysis of corporate rescue and insolvency laws in Zimbabwe and Mauritius
Authors: Mahadew Bhavna , Ganga Tinotenda
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The primary purpose of this study is the development of Zimbabwe's rescue culture. The current framework for rescue operations was shaped by the historical development of laws pertaining to insolvency and liquidation. Socioeconomic pressures in Zimbabwe can be attributed to some of the main factors that led to the need for rescue legislation and restructuring, which in turn fueled the shift from a culture that supported credit to one that supported debtors. The aim of this study is to offer an overview of the key ideas and principles of the corporate rescue programs now implemented in Mauritius and to investigate the ways in which these ideas and principles impacted the newly enacted Zimbabwean Insolvency Act.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts a comparative legal approach using Zimbabwe and Mauritius as comparative case studies. The fact that both countries are former British colonies and their insolvency legal framework inspired by common law makes them appropriate to be compared. Legislation and case law are used to conduct the comparative study with the aim of Zimbabwe drawing lessons from the Mauritian legal framework on insolvency. Mauritius is a nearly ideal subject for a comparative case study because of its vibrant and fairly successful bankruptcy law framework, as well as its fictional corporate rescue culture. These might provide Zimbabwe with some motivation and guidance.

Findings

The legal framework on insolvency in Zimbabwe has been found to be too stringent and does not provide companies with any lifeline. There is arguably a tendency of forcing companies out of business rather than implementing a rescue culture. Selected aspects of the Mauritian legal framework on insolvency can be mapped onto the Zimbabwean system to implement a much-needed rescue culture given its challenging economic context.

Originality/value

This study contributes to comparative legal literature in the field of insolvency. It is among the very few research work that compares the legal structure on insolvency of Zimbabwe and Mauritius in a collaborative endeavor to enhance the insolvency law and its application in Zimbabwe.
Unveiling the driving forces behind high non-performing loans in zombie enterprises: an executive-centric study
Authors: Bai Min , Zhang Dong , Zhao Wenzhuo
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Excessive borrowing significantly contributes to pushing businesses towards default and their transition into zombie enterprises. Despite government efforts to implement deleveraging policies and guide bank credit flows, it’s essential to delve into the internal dynamics that steer the borrowing behavior of these zombie enterprises at a micro level. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the issue, this study focuses on examining the incentives that drive corporate executives of zombie enterprises to consistently engage in large-scale borrowing from banks.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, panel data analysis is utilized, incorporating firm-, industry- and year-fixed effects. Drawing from data pertaining to listed companies in China spanning from 2007 to 2020, we employ a one-by-one identification method to pinpoint zombie enterprises. Ultimately, a total of 2,533 samples of zombie enterprises were obtained.

Findings

The results indicate that as bank loans to zombie enterprises increase, executive monetary compensation decreases, while on-the-job consumption by executives increases, and they are less likely to be forced into rotation. Mechanism testing reveals that corporate performance partially mediates the relationship between bank loans and executive monetary compensation, but this mediation is ineffective for on-the-job consumption and job rotation. Further investigation suggests that the property rights nature of central enterprises and modified audit opinions can exacerbate the adverse impact of bank loans on the monetary compensation of zombie corporate executives, without significantly affecting on-the-job consumption or job rotation. Conversely, executive power does not enhance the positive effects of bank loans on monetary compensation or on-the-job consumption, but it diminishes the negative impact of bank loans on the forced rotation of zombie executives.

Research limitations/implications

These results indicate that while bank loans may have a negative impact on corporate value, they function as safeguards for the positions and interests of executives. As a result, bank loans serve as incentives for executives of zombie enterprises.

Originality/value

This study holds theoretical significance as it explores the motivations behind non-performing loans in high-borrowing enterprises, sheds light on corporate governance challenges encountered by zombie enterprises and provides policy insights aimed at addressing the underlying causes of persistent non-performing loans in high-borrowing enterprises, including zombie enterprises.
From awareness to behaviour: understanding cybersecurity compliance in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Dien Van , Nguyen Phuong V. , Le Linh Phuong , Nguyen Sam Thi Ngoc
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the influence of cybersecurity awareness and compliance attitudes on the protective behaviours exhibited by employees. This study also aims to explore the complex correlation between the level of awareness about cybersecurity measures and attitudes towards compliance with these measures. Additionally, it looks at how these factors collectively impact employees’ behaviour to protect organisational assets and information.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a quantitative research methodology in which primary data are gathered using a survey questionnaire distributed to personnel employed at Vietnamese organisations. The data are analysed, and the validity of the measurement and structural equation model is assessed using a partial least squares–structural equation model approach after the collection of all the survey responses.

Findings

The provision of policies and security education, training and awareness programmes are strongly and positively associated with cybersecurity awareness. Moreover, cybersecurity awareness plays an important role in shaping attitudes and intentions towards information security policy compliance (ISPC). Attitude is positively associated with intention towards ISPC and employee protective behaviour. Finally, the intention towards ISPC is significant in shaping employee protective behaviour.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the understanding of the antecedents of cybersecurity in developing countries such as Vietnam. Furthermore, it provides a comprehensive framework for understanding intention and protective behaviour through cybersecurity awareness and compliance attitudes. By combining the theory of planned behaviour and protection motivation theory with institutional governance, this study extends previous research on the effects of these variables on employee protective behaviour.
The influence of transformational leadership on organizational performance and knowledge management capability
Authors: Aldhaheri Salma Mousabbeh , Ahmad Syed Zamberi
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Knowledge management is a common practice in organizations, with empirical evidence suggesting that organizations value the breadth of their knowledge capabilities. This study investigated transformational leadership styles and their influence on knowledge management practices and organizational performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative survey was conducted, and data from 270 managers of Islamic banks in the United Arab Emirates were analyzed.

Findings

Transformational leadership (TL) considerably affects organizational performance and knowledge management capabilities (KMC).

Originality/value

This study offers critical insights into adopting knowledge management practices and discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of its findings. Furthermore, it elucidates the crucial impact of transformational leadership on organizational performance and KMC.
Accurate kinematic calibration of a six-DoF serial robot by using hybrid models with reduced dimension and minimized linearization errors
Authors: Jiang Zhouxiang , Chen Shiyuan , Zhao Yuchen , Long Zhongjie , Song Bao , Tang Xiaoqi
Published: May 2024

Purpose

In typical model-based calibration, linearization errors are derived inevitably, and non-negligible negative impact will be induced on the identification results if the rotational kinematic errors are not small enough or the lengths of links are too long, which is common in the industrial cases. Thus, an accurate two-step kinematic calibration method minimizing the linearization errors is presented for a six-DoF serial robot to improve the calibration accuracy.

Design/methodology/approach

The negative impact of linearization on identification accuracy is minimized by removing the responsible linearized kinematic errors from the complete kinematic error model. Accordingly, the identification results of the dimension-reduced new model are accurate but not complete, so the complete kinematic error model, which achieves high identification accuracy of the rest of the error parameters, is combined with this new model to create a two-step calibration procedure capable of highly accurate identification of all the kinematic errors.

Findings

The proportions of linearization errors in measured pose errors are quantified and found to be non-negligible with the increase of rotational kinematic errors. Thus, negative impacts of linearization errors are analyzed quantitatively in different cases, providing the basis for allowed kinematic errors in the new model. Much more accurate results were obtained by using the new two-step calibration method, according to a comparison with the typical methods.

Originality/value

This new method achieves high accuracy with no compromise on completeness, is easy to operate and is consistent with the typical method because the second step with the new model is conveniently combined without changing the sensors or measurement instrument setup.
3D-AMM: a 3D artificial moment method for path planning of manipulator in multiple obstacles scenario
Authors: Liu Andong , Zhang Yawen , Fu Jiayun , Yan Yuankun , Zhang Wen-An
Published: May 2024

Purpose

In response to the issue of traditional algorithms often falling into local minima or failing to find feasible solutions in manipulator path planning. The purpose of this paper is to propose a 3D artificial moment method (3D-AMM) for obstacle avoidance for the robotic arm's end-effector.

Design/methodology/approach

A new method for constructing temporary attractive points in 3D has been introduced using the vector triple product approach, which generates the attractive moments that attract the end-effector to move toward it. Second, distance weight factorization and spatial projection methods are introduced to improve the solution of repulsive moments in multiobstacle scenarios. Third, a novel motion vector-solving mechanism is proposed to provide nonzero velocity for the end-effector to solve the problem of limiting the solution of the motion vector to a fixed coordinate plane due to dimensionality constraints.

Findings

A comparative analysis was conducted between the proposed algorithm and the existing methods, the improved artificial potential field method and the rapidly-random tree method under identical simulation conditions. The results indicate that the 3D-AMM method successfully plans paths with smoother trajectories and reduces the path length by 20.03% to 36.9%. Additionally, the experimental comparison outcomes affirm the feasibility and effectiveness of this method for obstacle avoidance in industrial scenarios.

Originality/value

This paper proposes a 3D-AMM algorithm for manipulator path planning in Cartesian space with multiple obstacles. This method effectively solves the problem of the artificial potential field method easily falling into local minimum points and the low path planning success rate of the rapidly-exploring random tree method.
The influence of efficiency pursuing on business streamlining 2.0
Authors: Molin Jonas , Ahmadi Zahra
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the business streamlining (BS) model proposed in 2017.

Design/methodology/approach

This study/paper develops and validates the qualitatively generated BS model, a conceptual model of service sourcing relationships, by testing it quantitatively. A survey was sent to chief exective officers, chief purchasing officers or facility managers in 764 private or public companies in Sweden with an annual turnover exceeding € 10m. The categories were tested and analyzed by means of factor analysis.

Findings

The BS model for managing service sourcing processes was confirmed to be significant overall, meaning that it is applicable irrespective of service sourcing context. The efficiency pursuing (EP) was found to have an interlinking role that calls for a revision of the BS model. Furthermore, the four categories tended to load pairwise.

Research limitations/implications

Although this cross-sectional study confirms the relevance of the BS model for managing service-sourcing processes, further studies should examine both the relative significance of its categories in different service-sourcing contexts and why the four main categories tend to pair.

Practical implications

The results support that the model is flexible and adaptable to a wide range of service-sourcing circumstances. Irrespective of the relative complexity of facility management (FM) sourcing processes, the categories can be adapted to fit the service sourcing context. Thus, it can be used as a tool to analyze and facilitate strategic decision-making.

Originality/value

The paper validates that the BS model can represent the dynamics of different service-sourcing processes, regardless of the complexity of the context.
Customer participation in new product development and the impact of remote work
Authors: Obal Michael , Friske Wesley , Morgan Todd
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented small-to-medium size enterprises (SMEs) with a massive and unexpected challenge that has caused many to adjust their operational standards. Perhaps the biggest change has been the shift to remote work and away from traditional office spaces. Thus, this study aims to explore the implications of this shift within the context of customer participation in the new product development (NPD) process.

Design/methodology/approach

Our study surveys 218 small-to-medium size business-to-business firms in the USA on a variety of questions revolving around their NPD processes, customer collaboration and the shift to remote work. The authors use structural equation modeling in the AMOS program to analyze the data.

Findings

The findings indicate that both customer participation breadth and customer participation depth positively impact new product performance. Furthermore, these relationships are found to be contingent upon whether firms rely on remote work during the collaboration process. The results show that accessing a broader variety of explicit customer insights (i.e., breadth) has become easier in the increasingly remote collaboration environment. However, as face-to-face customer participation in NPD has decreased, the prospect of gaining deep, tacit customer knowledge relevant to product development (i.e., depth) has become more challenging.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the knowledge-based view of the firm and the customer participation literature, and it also has implications for managers adjusting to the shift to remote work following the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings provide additional evidence that customer participation is an effective strategy for SMEs (Morgan et al., 2018), but remote work has both positive and negative implications regarding the type of external knowledge that is acquired during customer participation in NPD.
AI’s call: Jordan’s MSMEs answer with intent
Authors: Abaddi Samer
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful and promising technology that can foster the performance, and competitiveness of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). However, the adoption of AI among MSMEs is still low and slow, especially in developing countries like Jordan. This study aims to explore the elements that influence the intention to adopt AI among MSMEs in Jordan and examines the roles of firm innovativeness and government support within the context.

Design/methodology/approach

The study develops a conceptual framework based on the integration of the technology acceptance model, the resource-based view, the uncertainty reduction theory and the communication privacy management. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling – through AMOS and R studio – and the importance–performance map analysis techniques, the responses of 471 MSME founders were analyzed.

Findings

The findings reveal that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and facilitating conditions are significant drivers of AI adoption, while perceived risks act as a barrier. AI autonomy positively influences both firm innovativeness and AI adoption intention. Firm innovativeness mediates the relationship between AI autonomy and AI adoption intention, and government support moderates the relationship between facilitating conditions and AI adoption intention.

Practical implications

The findings provide valuable insights for policy formulation and strategy development aimed at promoting AI adoption among MSMEs. They highlight the need to address perceived risks and enhance facilitating conditions and underscore the potential of AI autonomy and firm innovativeness as drivers of AI adoption. The study also emphasizes the role of government support in fostering a conducive environment for AI adoption.

Originality/value

As in many emerging nations, the AI adoption research for MSMEs in Jordan (which constitute 99.5% of businesses), is under-researched. In addition, the study adds value to the entrepreneurship literature and integrates four theories to explore other significant factors such as firm innovativeness and AI autonomy.
The role of influencer marketing in the rapid rise of Nusr-et: the cognitive response theory
Authors: Seçi̇lmi̇ş Cihan , Kiliç İlker , Sari Yaşar , Şenel Elif
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This research examines the factors that affect business owner influencers' success in growing their businesses and making them a brand in line with the principles of the cognitive response theory (CRT).

Design/methodology/approach

This research examined the perceived uniqueness and originality of the posts on Nusr-et’s Instagram account as external information; information credibility was examined as a cognitive response, and desire was taken as a cognitive response and intention. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used in the analysis of the data.

Findings

According to the research findings, perceived uniqueness and originality were found to have positively affected information credibility and cognitive response, while cognitive response factors were also found to have positively affected desire. In addition, cognitive response factors were found to have mediated the effect of external information factors on desire. All these results reveal the significant accuracy of the model developed based on the CRT. In addition, age and gender variables were found to have had moderating roles. Based on the research findings, original suggestions for restaurant enterprises have been presented to help them gain a competitive advantage.

Practical implications

This study has found that the posts shared by business owner influencers have affected their followers in their desire to eat in the promoted restaurants and therefore, entrepreneurs and owners of the food and beverage industry should give importance to the preparation of social media content that could directly affect customers for visit to their restaurants and regularly post such contents in their social media accounts.

Originality/value

This research has been one of the first research papers using a model to reveal the reasons for behavioral intention in the field of hospitality based on the CRT.
Intention to adopt a blockchain-based halal certification: Indonesia consumers and regulatory perspective
Authors: Karyani Etikah , Geraldina Ira , Haque Marissa Grace , Zahir Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Halal certification is an acknowledgment of the halalness of a product or service issued by a halal regulator based on Islamic law. This study aims to investigate the intentions of consumers and regulators toward blockchain-based halal certification. Blockchain is useful for storing and verifying halal certificates, thereby increasing trust in products or services because the public cannot change or access data once it is stored.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a triangulation approach by distributing online questionnaires to consumers as a research instrument of a quantitative approach processed with smart partial least squares. Meanwhile, the qualitative approach is carried out through observation, in-depth interviews with the Ministry of Religion’s Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency (BPJPH) and Halal Examination Agency (LPH), and forum group discussions (FGDs) with several related parties.

Findings

The observation results show that most consumers expect the government to provide an easy-to-use application to check halal food products and restaurants. Consumers’ intention to use this technology is influenced directly by attitudes and indirectly by their beliefs. Furthermore, the results of interviews and FGDs reported that LPH was not ready to apply blockchain technology, while BPJPH strongly supported adopting blockchain technology in the certification process.

Practical implications

This finding recommends that the Indonesian government apply blockchain technology to gain transparency and accountability regarding the halal product process.

Originality/value

This study fills the research gap by observing three perspectives from different stakeholders and using a triangulation approach to analyze the need for adoption of blockchain-based halal certification of halal food products.
Organizational change structures: exploring the organizational conditions for sustainable change in the agro-industry
Authors: Knudsen Morten , Kishik Sharon
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The paper starts from an observation of a discrepancy between the ambitions for sustainable change in the agro-industry and the actual changes being implemented. We offer one possible explanation by investigating the organizational structures conditioning change in this industry.

Design/methodology/approach

We apply a case study methodology, focusing on the Danish pig industry and its organizational conditions for change. Based on interviews and document analysis, and building on systems theory, we develop the concept of change structures, understood as decision premises that guide the change of further decision premises.

Findings

The analysis suggests that the pig industry’s change structures predominantly enable changes that cut costs and optimize the production, which may conflict with and possibly foreclose the changes needed to realize the industry’s sustainable ambitions. This conflict and its implications are not acknowledged by the industry.

Practical implications

The analysis indicates that the industry may be locked in its current form of organizational change. We suggest a way to overcome the lock-in by fostering organizational mechanisms that enable alternative interpretations to emerge internally. Without this, achieving the required sustainable change in the industry may hinge on stronger external regulation and support.

Originality/value

Conceptually, the notion of change structures supplements actor-oriented analytical approaches that focus on change agents and sense-making. Empirically, we contribute with an analysis of the conditions of possibility for sustainable change in an important yet understudied industry in organization studies; namely, the conventional agro-industry.