bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION OF THE LEGAL COMPETENCE OF THE FUTURE DOCTOR AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: A.D. Chestnykhina , I.A. Snimshchikova
Published: April 2022

Annotation: The relevance of the article is due to the high requirements of society for the legal competence of a doctor, compliance with professional ethics, the importance of fulfilling not only the Hippocratic oath by a doctor, but also the norms of medical law. In addition, the need to form the legal competence of a future doctor within the framework of obtaining higher education is determined by the high statistics of offenses committed by medical workers, and the requirements of federal state standards of higher education that should be fulfilled in the process of training doctors at the university.
The purpose of this article is to consider the process of forming the legal competence of a future doctor in a university as a pedagogical problem.
The materials of the article were a section of scientific literature on the problem of research, federal state standards of higher education in the specialties 31.05.01 Medical Care, 31.05.02 Pediatrics, 31.05.03 Dentistry, statistics of offenses committed by doctors, given by the investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in recent years.
In the process of writing the article, general theoretical methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, comparison, comparison, generalization, systematization, modeling, etc.), empirical methods (analysis of documents and literary sources, the method of observation, the study of activity results) were used.
As a result, the author offers the author's definition of legal competence, establishes the relationship between the concepts: legal competence and legal competence and comes to the conclusion that there is a need for systematic, purposeful work on the formation of legal competence of future doctors in the system of continuing medical education.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION ON SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS IN DUSHANBE AND REGIONS OF REPUBLICAN SUBJECT TO THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN IN 2010-2019
Authors: B.I. Saidzoda
Published: April 2022

Аннотация: Цедь исследования. эпидемиологическая ситуация и анализ заболеваемости инфекциями, передаваемыми половым путем, в г. Душанбе и РРП Республики Таджикистан с 2008 – 2019 гг.
Материал и методы. Динамики заболеваемости инфекциями, передаваемыми половым путем осуществлялся на основании данных государственной статистической отчетности, утвержденных Приказом директора Госстататистики при Президента Республики Таджикистан, от 11.11. 2013 год № 54: форма №9.
Результаты. Из анализа форма №9, выявили, что заболеваемость ИППП по республике в 2019 год по сравнению с 2008 год снизилось в 3,8 раза. Что касается сифилиса то заболеваемость в 2019 г. составило 4,6 против 6,4 в 2008 г., т. е. снизилась в 1,4 раза. Значительно снизилась заболеваемость трихомониазом (11,2 раза), и гонококковая инфекция (4,5 раза). Следует отметить, что хламидийная инфекция за этот период снизилась в 1,4 раза, а другие ИППП практический не изменилась. Снижение заболеваемости ИППП по республике не соответствует действительности, так как многие больные лечатся в негосударственных медицинских учреждениях, который не ведется система учета и отчетности по данной инфекции.
Заключение. Результаты свидетельствуют о нестабильности эпидемиологической ситуации по ИППП в республике. Выявили наиболее неблагополучные регионы. Необходимо контролировать деятельность негосударственных медицинских учреждений по выявлению и учету больных с ИППП.
DEVELOPING A TRAINING PLAN ON THE BASIS OF JAPANESE COMPLEXES OF EXERCISES GYMNASTICS VATATRU NAGAI AND TABATA PROTOCOL
Authors: K.A. Mikhailenko
Published: April 2022

Введение и цель. Малоподвижный образ жизни населения - серьезная проблема современности. Согласно статистике, только 15% современного населения ведут спортивный образ жизни. А в условиях мировой пандемии COVID19 активность людей снизилась на 12% по всему миру (по сравнению с весной 2019 года). Возможной альтернативой являются домашние тренировки, однако программа данного комплекса должна быть спланирована специалистами. Одним из наиболее перспективных и удобных направлений в условиях изоляции могут стать тренировки на основе японских комплексов упражнений Ватару Нагаи и Табата, которые не требует никакого спортивного оборудования, кроме коврика для занятий спортом и часов с секундной стрелкой. Учитывая выше сказанное, целью работы стало составление плана тренировок на основе японских комплексов упражнений гимнастика Ватару Нагаи и протокол Табата.
A Study on the Feasibility of Stop-and-Go Approximation in FMCW SAR
Authors: Kang Young-Geun , Jung Dae-Hwan , Shin Goo-Hwan , Kim Chul-Ki , Park Seong-Ook
Published: April 2022

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) specializes in capturing two-dimensional images of Earth’s surface. Because satellites or aircraft have mainly been used as SAR platforms, pulse radar systems with high peak transmitted power have been preferred for long-range detection. However, because systems based on pulse radar are generally too heavy and expensive, lightweight and low-cost frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar systems have attracted increasing interest, and many studies on FMCW SAR signal processing are being conducted. The pulse duration of FMCW radar is considerably longer than that of pulse radar. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether stop-and-go approximation (SAG) is still valid for FMCW radar. If SAG is not applicable, an additional, time-consuming range cell migration correction process is required. In this study, the conditions under which SAG can be applied to FMCW SAR were analyzed. Moreover, Ku-band FMCW SAR field tests were conducted to experimentally validate the feasibility of SAG. Several quantitative parameter values demonstrating the advantages of applying SAG were identified.
Design and Fabrication of a Compact 2D Phase Comparison Direction Finder
Authors: Jeon Jong-Hwa , Chae Myoung-Ho
Published: April 2022

In this study, a compact, low-power 2D phase comparison direction finder was designed and fabricated. For the design of the directionfinding (DF) receiver, a 2D phase comparison DF equation was derived from the structure of four uniformly arranged antennas, and the main design parameters were derived from the receiver’s system parameters. Based on the derived DF equations and design parameters, a DF receiver was designed, and a direction finder was fabricated. A comparison of the fabricated direction finder to a simulation model showed that its performance was comparable to the simulated performance and satisfied the system parameters. Moreover, a comparison of the theoretical, simulated, and actual injection and radiation DF precision showed that the fabricated direction finder had performance consistent with that indicated by the theoretical and simulation results and DF precision within 0.5°.
5.8-GHz Patch Antenna with an Enhanced Defected Ground Structure for Size Reduction and Increased Bandwidth
Authors: Jung Ji-In , Yang Jong-Ryul
Published: April 2022

A coaxial feed patch antenna with a thumb-shaped defected ground structure (DGS) is proposed to simultaneously reduce the antenna size and improve bandwidth. The size of an antenna can be reduced by incorporating a DGS to change the electromagnetic field distribution between the patch and the ground. The proposed thumb-shaped DGS effectively widens the antenna bandwidth by generating two resonant frequencies on either side of the operating frequency, as determined by the patch length. In addition, the effect of the DGS on the ground body of a radio frequency connector is minimized by maintaining a sufficient distance between the DGS and the feed point when the connector is attached. The electromagnetic wave simulation results, which depend on the physical dimensions of the DGS, provide the characteristics of the proposed antenna. The measurement results for the proposed 5.8-GHz antenna, implemented on a 1 mm FR4 printed circuit board, give an antenna gain of 4.4 dBi and a −10 dB bandwidth of 580 MHz. Compared with a conventional 5.8- GHz patch antenna implemented on the same substrate, the proposed antenna provides a 3.22-fold bandwidth improvement and 10.2% patch size reduction.
The Effect of Maternal Anemia on Low Birth Weight: A Systematic Review And Meta Analysis
Authors: Azizah Fara Khansa , Retno Dewi Yulia Lanti , Murti Bhisma
Published: April 2022

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in infants. Several previous studies have suggested that maternal anemia has an effect on several adverse peri­natal outcomes, including low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of anemia in pregnant women on the incidence of low birth weight.
Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis done by searching for articles published by the online database PubMed, ResearchGate, Science Direct, Google Scholar and EBSCO in 2016 to 2021. Population: pregnant women, intervention: anemia, com­parison: no anemia, and outcome: low birth weight). Data analysis using RevMan software version 5.3.
Results: Pregnant women who experience anemia during their pregnancy are at risk of giving birth to babies with low birth weight compared to mothers who are not anemic (OR= 3.42; 95% CI= 1.85-6.34; p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Mothers who experience anemia during pregnancy is one of the risk factors for the occurrence of babies with low birth weight.
A Comparison of Deep Learning Approach for Underwater Object Detection
Authors: Wulandari Nurcahyani , Ardiyanto Igi , Adi Nugroho Hanung
Published: April 2022

In recent year, marine ecosystems and fisheries becomes potential resources, therefore, monitoring of these objects will be important to ensure their existence. One of computer vision techniques, it is object detection, utilized to recognize and localize objects in underwater scenery. Many studies have been conducted to investigate various deep learning methods implemented in underwater object detection; however, only a few investigations have been performed to compare mainstream object detection algorithms in these circumstances. This article examines various state-of-the-art deep learning methods applied to underwater object detection, including Faster-RCNN, SSD, RetinaNet, YOLOv3, and YOLOv4. We trained five models on RUIE dataset, then the average detection time used to compare how fast a model can detect object within an image; and mAP also applied to measured detection accuracy. All trained models have costs and benefits; SSD was fast but had poor performance; RetinaNet had consistent performance across different thresholds but the detection speed was slow; YOLOv3 was the fastest and had sufficient performance comparable with RetinaNet; YOLOv4 was good at first but performance dropped as threshold enlargement; also, YOLOv4 needed extra time to detect objects compared to YOLOv3. There are no models that are fully suited for underwater object detection; nonetheless, when the mAP and average detection time of the five models were compared, we determined that YOLOv3 is the best acceptable model among the evaluated underwater object detection models.
Hubungan Antara Efektivitas Komunikasi Pendamping Program dengan Keberhasilan Program CSR dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Mawaddah  , Muljono Pudji
Published: April 2022

Salah satu permasalahan CSR di Indonesia disebabkan akibat pengkomunikasian CSR yang belum efektif sehingga program CSR belum dipahami oleh masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan hubungan variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam mengukur efektivitas komunikasi pendamping program CSR dengan keberhasilan program CSR dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada salah satu desa binaan PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk, Desa Bantarjati, Kecamatan Klapanunggal, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan tabel frekuensi dan uji korelasi Rank Spearman untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efektivitas komunikasi pendamping program cenderung tinggi, sedangkan tingkat keberhasilan program dan tingkat keberdayaan penerima program cenderung sedang. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa dua variabel tingkat efektivitas komunikasi pendamping program memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan dua variabel dengan tingkat keberhasilan program. Dua variabel pada tingkat keberhasilan program CSR juga berhubungan dengan dua variabel pada tingkat keberdayaan penerima program.
STEM technology-based model helps create an educational environment for developing students' technical and creative thinking
Authors: Oschepkov Aleksey A. , Kidinov Alexey V. , Babieva Nigina S. , Vrublevskiy Alexander S. , Egorova Eleonora V. , Zhdanov Sergei P.
Published: April 2022

For successful technology adaptation today, individuals need not so much acquired experience and knowledge as certain personality traits in the form of skills, competencies, and abilities for collaborative problem solving, as well as achievement motivation and self-development. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a model for the formation of personality traits associated with the development of technical and creative thinking. The study was conducted using the modeling method and a psychodiagnostic approach based on the characteristics of creative thinking. An experimental study was conducted with a sample of 120 students from Plekhanov Russian College of Economics. The age range of the respondents was from 19 to 21 years. The results showed 1) the characteristics and dynamics of students' value systems and creative thinking, 2) a developed program for the development of intrinsic motivation, 3) a model for designing a pedagogical environment for students' engineering and creative thinking in education STEM; 4) testing the developed programs and models. The results also showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between the development of students' intrinsic motivation and the reorientation from normative-limited to creative-free thinking. Considering the results of this study, it was concluded that the model developed by the authors helped to shape and develop students' engineering and creative thinking. Implications for further research and teaching are drawn.
ALAT MONITORING DENYUT JANTUNG DAN SUHU TUBUH SECARA OTOMATIS BERBASIS ANDROID DENGAN SISTEM TELEMEDICINE
Authors: Octavia Dinda Ayu , Sapuguh Iman
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini telah dilakukan sebelumnya tentang denyut jantung dan suhu tubuh, dalam mengatasi kekurangan yang ada pada penelitian sebelumnya hal ini merupakan tindakan yang tepat untuk mengatasi. Permasalahan pada penelitian sebelumnya yaitu pada sensor denyut jantung belum terotomatis, dimana pengukuran yang masih menekan sensor secara manual agar mendapatkan hasil sensor tersebut dan penampilan dari nilai sensor masih bersifat temporary yang hanya menampilkan nilai pada saat itu juga tanpa ada rekaman nilai sebelumnya. Penelitian ini dikembangankan suatu sistem untuk memantau denyut jantung dan suhu tubuh secara otomatis berbasis android yang meliputi analisis dan perancangan sistem, pada analisis membutuhkan beberapa perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak untuk mendeteksi denyut jantung dan suhu tubuh. Berdasarkan uji coba dilakukan pada 5 sampel responden yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan rata-rata dari pengujian setiap responden dapat terdeteksi dan memiliki status normal dikarenakan setiap responden dalam keadaan sehat. Dari hasil pengujian keseluruhan alat dapat bekerja dengan baik yaitu sensor dapat mendeteksi denyut jantung dan suhu tubuh yang dapat disimpan ke dalam database dan dapat ditampilkan pada smartphone android.
Kedudukan Janda Murtad Dalam Pembagian Waris Atas Harta Pewaris (Suami)
Authors: Qisthina Armalia Hirzi  , Ani Setiawati  , Afdol
Published: April 2022

The research entitled "Apostate Widow’s Position In Sharing Her Heir’s Property",withthe problem of an apostate wife, so that it is necessary to question the right of an apostate widow to the property of the heir (husband), related to the obligatory will. Research based on legislation and case studies can obtain a conclusion that obligatory wills are known in Islamic law given to people who are not heirs because there is no blood relationship with the testator or because he is an heir but for some reason it is not recognized as an expert inheritance. people who have close relations with the testator but are not heirs because there is no blood relationship with the heir, including the adopted child. Widows according to Islam Law Compilation Book are heirs, although not because of blood relations, but if the widow is an apostate, then she is not as an heir, therefore the widow gets a part of the heir's assets but in the form of a mandatory will.
Analysis of the structure of linseed flax varieties based on polymorphic microsatellite loci
Authors: Guchetl S. Z. , Chelyustnikova T. A. , Averina A. A.
Published: April 2022

High profitability of linseed flax production is an incentive for developing new varieties with high yield performance and for expansion of cultivation areas. The restricted genetic diversity of Linum usitatissimum L. due to selfpollination and of initial forms used by developing the new linseed flax varieties limits the efficiency of the breeding work. The purpose of the research was to determine the genetic structure of linseed flax varieties using a system of 10 microsatellite loci. Four varieties bred by the V. S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops were used as the research material. DNA was isolated by the CTAB method. Electrophoretic separation of amplicons was performed in 8 % polyacrylamide gel followed by ethidium bromide staining. The determination of the main indicators of genetic variability, analyzed molecular variance (AMOVA), the Wright F-statistics indicators, and the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) was carried out using the GenAlEx 6.5 program. A total of 53 alleles have been identified. The main indicators of genetic diversity were calculated for each variety. According to statistical characteristics (Na, Ne, I, F), the variety Nilin is the source of the greatest genetic diversity. For all varieties, the ratio of expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) corresponds to inbred populations with a minimum proportion of random crossing. By the allelic state of the 10 SSR loci, the variety Snegurok belongs to the linear type, which corresponds to its origin. The genetic passport of this variety has been compiled according to these loci. According to the results of the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), 71 % of the total dispersion is due to genetic differences between the varieties, and 29 % is due to intra-varietal differences.
Evaluation of varieties of common hop (Humulus lupulus L.) collection according to agronomic traits
Authors: Osipova Yu. S. , Leontieva V. V. , Dementiev D. A.
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the results of 2018-2020 research on the study of 248 Russian and foreign varieties of the collection of common hop (Humulus lupulus L.) in order to identify promising ones with a complex of agronomic traits for developing new varieties adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of the hop-growing regions of the Russian Federation. The research was carried out in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic on dark gray forest heavy loamy soil. Sixty hop varieties in the early-ripening, mid-early and mid-ripening groups with the yields above 26.3 c/ha (weighing more than 3.5 kg of raw cones from one bush) were identified. High-yielding varieties prevailed in the mid-ripening group of the collection (67 %). The adaptability of the collection varieties to natural and climatic conditions was evaluated on the third, fourth and fifth years of the hop plantings (in three tabs). There have been identified six varieties, which in some years of growing exceeded the control variety Podvyazny according to adaptability coefficients (1.23-1.23-1.15): early-ripening English variety Golden Star (1.58-1.37-1.03); mid-early Russian variety Zvenigovsky (1.72-1.16-1.07); mid-ripening Russian variety Serebryanka Kalistovskaya (1.47-1.28-1.17), Guslitsky (1.50-1.26-1.23), Ukrainian Kruglyak-Seryak (1.76-1.44-1.18), Group 4 (1.80-1.80-1.31). The most consistently high results were shown by Group 4, Guslitsky, Kruglyak-Seryak. High-resinous varieties with a high content of alpha acids belonging to different types of hops were noted specifically. According to the complex of agronomic traits and resistance to false powdery mildew, 19 collection varieties have been identified.
Study of the dynamics of grass yield within the agricultural landscape based on long-term monitoring
Authors: Ivanov D. A. , Karaseva O. V. , Rublyuk M. V. , Antsiferova O. N.
Published: April 2022

Yield monitoring of a five-component grass stand in a breeding field within a moraine hill was carried out in 2003- 2018 in order to find patterns of its dynamics in the agrolandscape. The grass was used in the conditions of the Tver region without fertilizers in a single-cut mode in a field crossing all microlandscape positions of the hill (transcct) and divided into 30 plots. Annual data on productivity of grass mixture on each plot are presented in the form of: 1) absolute yield (specific hay yield); 2) relative yield (expressed as a percentage to maximum yield on a transect in a definite year). It was revealed that the yield of grasses is maximum in the central parts (≈ 6.5 t/ha) and minimal in the upper parts of the hillsides and at the top (≈ 5.2 t/ha). Time variability of yield depends on the geological structure of the soils ‒ increases with the transition from powerful binomials (≈ 40 %) to low-powerful ones (≈ 65 %). Correlation analysis showed that the transition to relative units (% of the yield) can significantly reduce the impact of climate on data variability. The maximum coincidence of temporal dynamics of different yield indicators is noted at the upper elevations ‒ here climatic conditions do not have a significant impact on the yield, as on slopes. Changes in the sum of the active temperatures have the greatest influence on the yield. Average indicators of correlation coefficients of yield and temperature sums are negative on the plots of soil distribution on powerful and medium-powerful binomials and positive on soils of low-powerful binomials. There has been found an inversely proportional dependence of the absolute yield of grasses on the sums of active temperatures in the pre-cut periods and in September and directly proportional in the second half of summer. Increasing the sum of temperatures contributes to a decrease in relative yields on sandy soils and optimizes the production process on loams and light loams. Dispersion analysis has shown that the main influence of temperatures on absolute yield is exerted by soil hydromorphism. The degree of impact of temperatures on relative yield depends on the nature of water exchange in the agrolandscape, the exposure of slopes (energy) and granulometric composition of soils. The results will make it possible to adapt measures for the placement of grass stands, regulation of water and thermal regimes of soils to farm conditions.
The use of Phytoadditive in lactating cows
Authors: Ivanovsky A. A. , Latushkina N. A.
Published: April 2022

The subject for the research was Phytoadditive containing extracts from herbs: Rhaponticum carthamoides, Serratula coronata, Filipendula ulmaria. There has been studied the effect of Phytoadditive on biochemical parameters of blood (total protein, albumins, aminotransferases, urea, total cholesterol, reserve alkalinity, calcium), indicators of milk fat, protein and average daily milk yield of lactating cows at the age of 3 years, which were divided into experimental (Phytoadditive + basic diet) and control (basic diet only) groups of 10 animals per group. Phytoadditive in powder form was administered individually to the diet of animals of the experimental group daily, once at a dose of 10 grams per head per day during 90 days. Analysis of Phytoadditive for the presence of biologically active substances showed that the major compounds in it are ecdysteroids (mainly hydroxyecdysone) and flavonoids (rutin) in a total concentration of 13.5 g/kg. At the end of the experiment in cows of the experimental group, in comparison with the initial indicators, significantly (p < 0.05) increased the amount of albumin by 16.7 % (up to 45.3±2.4 g/l), calcium by 21.7 % (2.3±0.01-2.8±0.02 mmol/l). Other studied markers of the biochemical status did not change significantly (p> 0.05) and after the final blood test they were: aminotransferases (AST − 30.1±1.2 U/l, ALT − 35.0±2.8 U/l), urea (5.9±0.1 mmol / l), reserve alkalinity (20.2±2.6 vol.% CO2), cholesterol (2.8±0.1 mmol/l). All studied blood parameters did not go beyond the reference values throughout the experiment, which indicated the absence of any negative properties of Phytoadditive. At the end of the experiment, the milk indicators of cows in the experimental group had the following values: milk yield (19±0.2 kg), fat (4.3±0.4 %), protein (3.3±0.1 %), which exceeded the result in control by 5.5 %; 0.1 and 0.2 %, and in comparison with the beginning of the experiment by 18.7 %, 0.6 and 0.2 %, respectively. Thus, as the result of use of Phytoadditives in cows during lactation, a positive trend was noted in terms of its effect on milk yield, milk quality and the absence of any negative effect on the studied blood parameters.
Synthesis of bifocal dielectric lenses
Authors:   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, st. Mokhovaya, 11, building 7, Moscow, 125007, Russia, Kaloshin V.A. , Vi Ut Nam ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy lane, 9, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow region, 141700, Russia
Published: April 2022

A technique for the exact solution of two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometric-optical synthesis of dielectric bifocal lenses has been developed. The technique is based on the successive finding of the lens surface areas with the assignment of the initial area of one of the surfaces. The initial portion of the other lens surface is found as a result of flat front synthesis for the center beam position. The technique ensures the continuity of the functions describing the lens surfaces as well as their first and second (for a two-dimensional problem) derivatives. The dependence of the mean-square aberration on the lens parameters is studied. As an example, two-dimensional bifocal lenses for angles view of 400 and 900 as well as a three-dimensional bifocal lens for angle of view of 900 have been synthesized and optimized
Setting Priorities: Functional and Substantive Dimensions of Irregular Immigration and Data Protection Under Co-decision
Authors: Ripoll Servent Ariadna
Published: April 2022

During the months leading to the end of the transitional period (January 2005), most academics and actors involved in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (ASFJ) expected the introduction of co-decision as the normal decision-making procedure in this area to change the balance between security and liberty. The involvement of the European Parliament as a co-legislator was thought to be a positive aspect, since this institution had persistently adopted a pro-civil liberties stance. Since then, this question has not been systematically tackled in the literature and consequently the impact of co-decision on the AFSJ remains unclear. However, in 2007, Maurer and Parkes looked at the securitised policy-image governing European asylum policy in order to understand why the European Parliament had been unable to redress the balance and establish civil liberties as a priority. Following their line of reasoning, this paper develops the functional and substantive dimensions introduced by these scholars, in order to explain why the European Parliament, and especially the LIBE committee, has been equally unable to change priorities in the fields of irregular immigration and data protection. I argue that the persistent weakness of the European Parliament in the functional dimension, i.e. the need to legitimise its presence in negotiations dealt with under co-decision, has made changes in the substantive dimension difficult to attain. In those areas were the substantive dimension is weak, as was the case in the Returns directive, the need to legitimise the presence of the EP creates more polarisation among the members of the LIBE committee. In those cases where there is a strong substantive alternative in the LIBE committee, as was the case in the Data retention directive, change is hindered by the Plenary, which establishes the strengthening of the functional dimension as a priority for the institution. In both cases the introduction of co-decision led to the persistence of a securitised policy-image and the impossibility of engaging in conflict expansion.
De/Securitising the 2007 Schengen Enlargement: Austria and “the East”
Authors: Schwell Alexandra
Published: April 2022

Drawing on the concepts of securitisation and desecuritisation, the article argues that the construction of security threats does not necessarily have to relate to their threat potential, but can be instrumentalised and utilised by competing actors for specific aims. Using the example of the Austrian Ministry of the Interior and the Austrian tabloid press, the article scrutinises how West-European security-political and media actors reacted to the challenges of the 2007 Schengen enlargement. With reference to Balzacq’s “three faces of securitisation” it shows that the tabloids’ securitising strategy proved to be more successful than the ministry’s desecuritising strategy, because the newly emerged context did not support a congruence of the audience’s frame of reference and the ministry’s speech act.
Beyond the Eurosceptic/Europhile Divide: Towards a New Classification of EU News Coverage in the UK Press
Authors: Price John
Published: April 2022

Newspapers are typically categorised as being either Eurosceptic or Europhile. However, this classification is insufficient and misleading when applied to news reporting in the UK press. The term Euroscepticism has been usefully deconstructed into more nuanced and complex categories by researchers studying political parties and public opinion. A similar approach is now needed to better represent the complexities of EU news coverage. The current Eurosceptic/Europhile classification needs to be developed for two main reasons. First, it is misleading in that it fails to accurately map the landscape of EU news reporting across the press. Second, it is too simplistic in that it ignores important variations in EU news production – in particular, differences between tabloid and quality titles, and between Brussels based and national based journalists. This article will discuss these issues by drawing on new, empirical research into EU news production. It will conclude by proposing a new means of classifying EU news coverage in the UK press.
Euthanasia, Gay Marriages and Sovereignty: Polish Ratification of the Lisbon Treaty
Authors: Zwolski Kamil
Published: April 2022

On 10 October 2009 the President Lech Kaczynski signed the Ratification Act of the Lisbon Treaty, thereby concluding a long and painful ratification process in Poland. The President waited for the result of the second Irish referendum, despite the fact that the Polish Parliament ratified the Treaty already in April 2008. This comment discusses ratification of the Lisbon Treaty in Poland and it has the following structure. Firstly, it briefly discusses the literature on the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty, which multiplied after the Irish veto in June 2009. Secondly, the constitutional procedure concerning ratification of international agreements by Poland is briefly introduced. Then, the article outlines the conflict among the main (parliamentary and non-parliamentary) political forces up until the beginning of April 2008 and the ratification of the Treaty by the Polish Parliament. This period marks the first phase of the ratification procedure. The Irish veto in June 2008 initiated a second phase, because then the President decided to put the Polish ratification process on hold. Finally, the comment identifies some of the major aspects of the dispute over the ratification, such as the role of the controversial Radio Maryja.
The 2009 Irish Referendum on the Lisbon Treaty
Authors: Tonra Ben
Published: April 2022

A commentary on the 2009 Irish referendum on the Lisbon Treaty
The Issue of Data Protection and Data Security in the (Pre-Lisbon) EU Third Pillar
Authors: O'Neill Maria
Published: April 2022

The key functional operability in the pre-Lisbon PJCCM pillar of the EU is the exchange of intelligence and information amongst the law enforcement bodies of the EU. The twin issues of data protection and data security within what was the EU’s third pillar legal framework therefore come to the fore. With the Lisbon Treaty reform of the EU, and the increased role of the Commission in PJCCM policy areas, and the integration of the PJCCM provisions with what have traditionally been the pillar I activities of Frontex, the opportunity for streamlining the data protection and data security provisions of the law enforcement bodies of the post-Lisbon EU arises. This is recognised by the Commission in their drafting of an amending regulation for Frontex , when they say that they would prefer “to return to the question of personal data in the context of the overall strategy for information exchange to be presented later this year and also taking into account the reflection to be carried out on how to further develop cooperation between agencies in the justice and home affairs field as requested by the Stockholm programme.” The focus of the literature published on this topic, has for the most part, been on the data protection provisions in Pillar I, EC. While the focus of research has recently sifted to the previously Pillar III PJCCM provisions on data protection, a more focused analysis of the interlocking issues of data protection and data security needs to be made in the context of the law enforcement bodies, particularly with regard to those which were based in the pre-Lisbon third pillar. This paper will make a contribution to that debate, arguing that a review of both the data protection and security provision post-Lisbon is required, not only in order to reinforce individual rights, but also inter-agency operability in combating cross-border EU crime. The EC’s provisions on data protection, as enshrined by Directive 95/46/EC, do not apply to the legal frameworks covering developments within the third pillar of the EU. Even Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA, which is supposed to cover data protection provisions within PJCCM expressly states that its provisions do not apply to “Europol, Eurojust, the Schengen Information System (SIS)” or to the Customs Information System (CIS). In addition, the post Treaty of Prüm provisions covering the sharing of DNA profiles, dactyloscopic data and vehicle registration data pursuant to Council Decision 2008/615/JHA, are not to be covered by the provisions of the 2008 Framework Decision. As stated by Hijmans and Scirocco, the regime is “best defined as a patchwork of data protection regimes”, with “no legal framework which is stable and unequivocal, like Directive 95/46/EC in the First pillar”. Data security issues are also key to the sharing of data in organised crime or counterterrorism situations. This article will critically analyse the current legal framework for data protection and security within the third pillar of the EU.
Eurojust’s Fledgling Counterterrorism Role
Authors: Bures Oldrich
Published: April 2022

The article offers an analysis of Eurojust’s contributions to the European Union counterterrorism policy and questions whether all EU Member States fully support the strengthening of Eurojust’s role in the fight against terrorism. The allegations concerning the existence of an inter-agency rivalry between Europol and Eurojust in the area of counterterrorism are also analyzed. Finally, the article provides an assessment of the possible impacts of the 2008 Council Decision on the Strengthening of Eurojust and the Lisbon Treaty provisions for possible establishment of a European Public Prosecutor’s Office from Eurojust when it comes to EU’s counterterrorism efforts.
The European Union and Global Multilateral Governance - An Interdisciplinary Research Project: Research Notes (Part 3)
Authors: Wouters Jan , Bruyninckx Hans , Keukeleire Stephan , Corthaut Tim , Basu Sudeshna , Schunz Simon
Published: April 2022

In previous editions of the Journal of Contemporary European Research, we reported on the set-up and progress of the interdisciplinary research project “The European Union and Global Multilateral Governance” (see Vol. 4, No. 1; Vol. 5, No. 1). This third and final research note presents some of the key-results of the project and suggests future areas for research.
The European Union and China: The Logics of 'Strategic Partnership'
Authors: Smith Michael , Xie Huaixian
Published: April 2022

This article argues that three key logics drive the European Union’s search for a ‘strategic partnership’ with China. The first part develops an argument about the logics of ‘strategic partnerships’ in EU external policy. The second part explores the development of EU strategies towards China since the mid-1990s, with reference to key official documents and statements, and examines the motivations for declaration of a ‘strategic partnership’ with China in 2003. The third part looks at the evidence for such a partnership in EU-China economic and diplomatic relations, and assesses the negotiations for a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement. The conclusions revisit and re-assess the arguments, and place them into a broader context.
Co-decision in the European Parliament: Comparing Rationalist and Constructivist Explanations of the Returns Directive
Authors: Ripoll Servent Ariadna
Published: April 2022

This study uses rationalist and constructivist explanations of co-decision in the European Parliament (EP). It seeks to understand the change in the policy preferences of the EP during negotiations on the ‘Returns’ directive – dealing with the voluntary or compulsory return of irregular immigrants. This article shows that the introduction of co-decision contributed considerably to the EP’s change of stance on immigration policies. A long-standing advocate of civil liberties in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ), the EP was expected to raise the standards of protection for third-country nationals. In view of the inability of the EP to construct a more liberal policy, the study uses two institutionalist approaches to understand why the EP was unsuccessful in raising the standards. Therefore, the approaches aim at identifying the logics and layers of change. The empirical application of the models highlights the necessity to integrate rationalist and constructivist understandings of co-decision in order to understand motivations for policy change. Synergies in the direction of change also point to the importance of institutional motivations, in order to understand major changes in the policy preferences of the EP.
PERKEMBANGAN KONDISI EKONOMI BANGSA INDONESIA PADA MASA HINDIA BELANDA TAHUN 1900-1940
Authors: Wati Risma Rahma
Published: April 2022

AbstrakKehadiran bangsa belanda di Indonesia memberikan pengaruh yang besar bagi kehiduapn ekonomi bangsa Indonesia. Bangsa Indonesia terus mengalami perkembangan ekonomi dalam kehidupannya, perkembangan ekonomi yang dihadapi bangsa Indonesia membawa dampak bagi kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia pada masa itu. Dengan adanya hal tersebut penulis berusaha mengkaji tentang perkembangan ekonomi bangsa Indonesia dengan rumusan masalah sebagai berikut 1). Bagaimana perkembangan ekonomi masa hindia belanda tahun 1900 – 1940 2). Bagaimana dampak perkembangan ekonomi terhadap kehidupan masyarakat lokal?. Meode yang digunakan untuk mengkaji permasalahan yang ada yaitu menggunakan metode study pustaka dengan tahapan empat langkah yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Kata kunci: Masa kolonial, perkembangan, ekonomi
Sistema de classificação da Sociedade de Cirurgia Vascular Wound, Ischemia, Foot Infection (WIFI): caracterização das feridas
Authors: Luz Alessandra Rocha
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Identificar as características e gravidade das feridas em estudos com classificação do Sistema WIfI (Wound; Ischemia; foot Infection). Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, de caráter descritivo. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados MEDLINE e Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS) sendo utilizados os descritores em inglês: “wound healing”, “amputation”, “diabetic foot” e “peripheral vascular disease”. Identificou-se 54 publicações, após análise e aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão permaneceram 12 artigos. Resultados: Houve predominância de estudos com nível de evidência 2B conforme a Classificação de Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. O perfil de pacientes predominou aqueles com doença arterial periférica submetidos à revascularização do membro. Foi encontradas perfil de feridas complexas, tamanho médio a extensas, com pouca possibilidade de cicatrização sem uma ação multiprofissional. Conclusão: A pesquisa evidenciou que as principais características sobre as feridas apresentadas em estudos com a utilização da classificação do Sistema WIfI (Wound; Ischemia; foot Infection), foram feridas com exposição óssea e feridas extensas. Assim, é primordial que os profissionais de enfermagem como integrantes da equipe multiprofissional conheçam a classificação WIfI, assim poderá identificar e encaminhar um paciente com isquemia para revascularização mais precocemente.
Análise epidemiológica em prontuários de clientes soropositivos
Authors: Novaes Mayra Rozália , Loureiro Lucrécia Helena , Silva  Ilda Cecilia Moreira
Published: April 2022

O estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar o perfil epidemiológica das pessoas soropositivas residentes no interior do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. As pessoas soropositivas são aquelas portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV), a doença teve seu ápice no início da década de 80, desde então é considerada uma pandemia, segundo os dados da OMS, já matou mais de 40 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. Estima-se 37,9 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo vivendo com HIV em 2019 (UNAIDS). No Brasil, de acordo com o “Boletim Epidemiológico HIV/Aids”do Ministério da Saúde (DIAHV/SVS/MS), em 2018, foram diagnosticados 42,4 mil novos casos de HIV. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com critérios de inclusão prontuários de 2018, ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos de idade. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda - UniFOA, sob o registro de CAAE nº14393118.2.0000.5237. Analisados 154 (100%) prontuários com predomínio de homens, solteiros, gays, entre 20 a 49 anos, ensino fundamental completo. A maioria das fichas de notificações anexas ao prontuário constatava o não uso de drogas, entretanto as anotações médicas discordavam dessa informação. Não obstante, esse trabalho permite comparar a realidade encontrada na região com levantamentos epidemiológicos comparando com o Brasil, a região Sudeste e o estado do Rio de Janeiro, dos casos de infecção pelo HIV. A pesquisa poderá contribuir para medidas de educação em saúde com ênfase na prevenção e melhoria da qualidade de assistência à  população.
Vivências de familiares de crianças com deficiência
Authors: De Sousa Lima Breno , Siqueira Lima Freitas Cibelly Aliny , Alves Monteiro Da Silva Maria Adelane , De Azevedo Mazza Veronica , Cordeiro Eloia Sara , Martins da Silva Géssica Fernanda
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: descrever a vivência de familiares que tem uma criança com deficiência. Metodologia: Trata-se de um recorte da pesquisa: Vivência de famílias constituídas de crianças com deficiência: organização práticas e necessidades com financiamento do CNPq. É uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, realizada na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE) localizada na região norte do Ceará. O estudo foi constituído por 23 familiares de crianças com deficiência. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada. Resultados: a predominância do sexo feminino como cuidador principal da criança na faixa etária entre 30 a 40 anos. A maioria com ensino médio completo, com renda mensal de 1 salário mínimo, sendo este oriundo do Benefício de Prestação Continuada. Em relação as crianças, predominou o sexo masculino, os diagnósticos de paralisia cerebral e autismo, a faixa etária de 04 e 07 anos. Na análise dos discursos dos familiares, identificou-se que as vivências envolvem expectativas frustradas em relação à criança; a solidão no cuidado da criança; as dificuldades enfrentadas na família na reabilitação da criança; a necessidade de serviços especializados para cuidar da criança. Conclusão: cuidar de uma criança com deficiência ocasiona diversas mudanças na família, especialmente na vida da mãe, que se configura como cuidadora principal.
Conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem que atua em unidade de terapia intensiva sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar
Authors: Jesus Assis Thiago de , Steffens Ana Paula , Santos Lima Monnyck Freire , De Oliveira Valdélio Bispo , Amaral Jocelio Matos
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem que atua em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) sobre o atendimento ao paciente em parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) e ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP), segundo as diretrizes da American Heart Association publicadas até 2018. Metodologia: estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, envolvendo 50 profissionais de Enfermagem que trabalham em uma UTI pública do interior da Bahia. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre junho e agosto de 2019 por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado envolvendo caracterização do sujeito e conhecimento sobre PCR. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva simples. Resultados:76% dos profissionais tinha conhecimento para identificar uma PCR. Houve baixa porcentagem de profissionais que acertaram os sinais antecedentes e secundários de PCR; quanto às manobras de RCP, destaca-se que a profundidade das compressões teve baixa assertividade (8,33%) por parte dos técnicos de enfermagem. Além disso, a frequência correta das compressões, bem como o período de interrupção da mesma, teve porcentagens de acertos próximos a 50%. Dos profissionais, 90% não sabiam qual o posicionamento adequado das pás do desfibrilador em um paciente com marcapasso. Apesar de 92% dos profissionais afirmarem que se sentiam preparados para o atendimento de RCP, apenas 14% obteve média de acertos ≥70% classificado como conhecimento satisfatório. Conclusão: a equipe de enfermagem possui conhecimento insatisfatório sobre o tema proposto, pois muitos profissionais fundamentam suas condutas em diretrizes anteriores.
Mortalidade por causas externas em adolescentes
Authors: De Godoy Fernando José , Batista Vanessa Carla , Machado Cruz Shibukawa Bianca , Rosseto de Oliveira Rosana , Silva Marcon Sonia , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: analisar a tendência da mortalidade por causas externas em adolescentes residentes no estado do Paraná, no período de 2007 a 2016. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de séries temporais, de tendência dos óbitos por causas externas em adolescentes no Estado do Paraná, no período de 2007 a 2016. A coleta ocorreu no primeiro semestre de 2019. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade por meio de formulário estruturado, os quais após tabulados foram analisados por meio de análise de tendência, utilizando o modelo de regressão polinomial. Resultados: Os óbitos foram mais frequentes na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos, no sexo masculino e raça/cor branca. A via pública foi o local de maior ocorrência. Há tendência decrescente de mortes por agressão, enquanto que os óbitos por lesões autoprovocadas apresentaram aumento significativo. Conclusões: Os resultados permitiram conhecer melhor a magnitude da mortalidade por causas externas em adolescentes. Entender os fatores envolvidos nestas mortes e as mudanças ocorridas ao longo do tempo, é importante para estabelecer estratégias de prevenção junto a este público.