bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yeni Tip Sülfonlanmış Poliimid Membranlı Yakıt Hücreleri ve Uygulamaları
Authors: TANRIVERDİ Aslıhan Aycan , YILDIKO Ümit , ÇAKMAK İsmail
Published: December 2020

Yakıt hücreleri alanında kullanılan sülfonlanmış poliimidler ve uygulamaları hakkında birçok teoriksel ve deneysel çalışmalar bilim insanları tarafından yapılmıştır. Çeşitli yöntemlerle sülfonlanmış poliimidlerin farklı varyasyonları bulunmuş ve yakıt hücresi olarak kullanımında düşük maliyette yüksek performans sergilemesi amaçlanarak aşağıda anlatılan çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmalarda yakıt hücresi uygulamaları için değişen kimyasal yapıya sahip yepyeni sülfonlanmış poliimidler sentezlenmiş ve karakterize edilmiştir. Çalışmalarda genellikle yakıt hücresinin; membranın imidizasyonu, termal kararlılığı, su alımı, iyon değişimi kapasitesi, proton iletkenliği, hidrolitik ve oksidatif kararlılıkları gibi performansını etkileyecek özellikler incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda, düşük maliyette, yüksek proton iletkenliği ile sülfonlanmış poliimid membranın yakıt hücresi için bir polimer elektrolit membran olarak kullanılmak üzere uygun hale getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Derleme çalışmamızda bu yeni materyallerin yakıt hücresi kullanımları araştırılmıştır.
Investigation of the Effect of Cutting Parameters on the Surface Roughness Value in the Machining of AISI 4140 Steel with Taquchi Method
Authors: İYNEN Oğur , ŞAHİNOĞLU Abidin , ÖZDEMİR Mustafa , YILMAZ Volkan
Published: December 2020

AISI 4140 steel material has a wide range of usage in the industry. Before this material is hardened, rough turning is performed. Besides the surface roughness value is very important in terms of machinability. In this experimental study, the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness (Ra and Rz) during the turning of AISI 4140 steel was analyzed using the Taguchi method. This study, Taguchi L9 was designed in 3 different cutting speeds (100, 140 and 180 m min-1), 3 different feed rates (0.08, 0.12 and 0.16 mm rev-1), and 3 different depth of cut (0.5, 0.9 and 1.3 mm). In the analysis of experimental data, S/N (signal/noise) ratios and variance analysis were used to analyze the effect of cutting parameters on the surface roughness value. The degrees of influence on Ra according to S/N ratios are the feed rate ( f ), cutting speed (V), and depth of cut (a), respectively, from large to small. On Rz, the effects of cutting parameters respectively were observed to be in f, a, and V. The f on surface roughness values (Ra and Rz) was found to have an effect of 99.34% and 98.47%, respectively.
Pendimethalin ve Salisilik Asit Uygulamalarının Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. “Remzibey” Yağ Asidi Desatüraz Genlerinin Anlatımı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: AKBULUT Ekrem
Published: December 2020

Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.), tohumlarında yüksek kaliteye sahip doymamış yağ asitlerinden oleik asit ve α-linolenik asit içeren endüstriyel hammadde kaynağı olma özelliğine sahip önemli bir yağ bitkisidir. Pendimethalin yabancı ot kontrolünün sağlanması için ekonomik değere sahip bitkilere uygulanan dinitroanilin grubu bir herbisittir. Salisilik asit biyotik ve abiyotik streslere karşı bitki savunmasında yer alan önemli bir bitkisel hormondur. Omega-3 yağ asidi desatürazlar (FAD3 ve FAD7) α-linolenik asit biyosentezi için anahtar enzimlerdir. Bu çalışmada pendimethalin ve salisilik asitin yağ asidi metabolizmasında görev alan FAD3 ve FAD7 gen anlatım düzeyleri üzerindeki olası etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 36 saksıda kontrollü iklim şartlarında yetiştirilen aspir bitkilerine 0,004 ve 0,01 M pendimethalin uygulaması yapılmıştır. Pendimethalin uygulanan örneklere 0,05 mM salisilik asit uygulanmıştır. Uygulama sonrası RNA izolasyonu, cDNA sentezi ve kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Test ve kontrol grupları arasındaki kat değişimi 2^ (-delta delta CT) formülü ile hesaplanmıştır. Gen anlatım düzeyleri arasındaki değişim t testi ile değerlendirildi (p<0,05). Pendimethalinin FAD3 ve FAD7 genlerini aşağı yönde regüle ettiği, artan pendimethalin konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak gen anlatım düzeylerinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Salisilik asitin pendimethalinin ortaya çıkardığı toksik etkiyi azaltıcı yönde etki gösterdiği, FAD3 ve FAD7 genlerini yukarı yönlü regüle ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Pendimethalinin Carthamus tinctorius L. Remzibey çeşidinde yağ asidi kalitesi ve α-linolenik asit biyosentezinde azalmaya neden olabileceği, salisilik asitin ise pendimethalinin olumsuz etkilerini giderici etkiye sahip olduğu ve α-linolenik asit miktarında kısmi artışa katkı sunabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Granny Smith Elma Çeşidinin Depolama Performansı Üzerine Farklı 1-MCP Dozlarının Etkisi
Authors: ERBAŞ Derya , KOYUNCU Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2020

Çalışmada, farklı dozlardaki 1-Metilsiklopropen (1-MCP) uygulamalarının Granny Smith elma çeşidinin soğukta muhafaza ve raf ömrü süresince kalite değişimleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla ticari derim döneminde toplanan elmalar, 3 farklı dozda 1-MCP (325 ppb, 475 ppb ve 625 ppb) uygulamasına tabi tutulmuştur. Bu dozların etkisini net olarak ortaya koymak için keşfinden bu yana ticari olarak kullanılan ve referans uygulama (RU) olarak adlandırılan 1-MCP (SmartfreshTM) dozu ile kontrol uygulaması denemeye dahil edilmiştir. Uygulamalardan sonra elmalar plastik kasalarda normal atmosferde 0 ± 0.5℃ ve % 90 ± 5 oransal nem koşullarında 6 ay depolanmıştır. Raf ömrü çalışmaları için elmalar soğukta muhafazadan sonra 7 gün 20°C’de % 60 ± 5 oransal nem koşullarında bekletilmiştir. RU ve D3 uygulamaları ağırlık kaybının azaltılması, asitlik kaybının sınırlandırılması ve meyve eti sertliğinin korunmasında benzer sonuçlar vermiştir. Etilen üretiminin azaltılması ve solunum hızının baskılanmasında en etkili uygulamalar RU ve D3 uygulamaları olmuştur. Çalışmada tüm 1-MCP uygulamaları kontrole göre kalite kaybını sınırlandırmıştır. Tüm kalite parametreleri dikkate alındığında aynı dozu içeren D3 ve RU oldukça benzer sonuçlar ortaya çıkarmıştır. En iyi sonuçlar RU ve D3 uygulamalarından elde edilmiş ve bu uygulamalara tabi tutulan elmalar 6 ay+7 gün kaliteli olarak muhafaza edilmiştir. Diğer dozların uygulandığı meyveler 5 ay+7 ve kontrol uygulaması ise 4 ay+7 gün depolanabilmiştir.
Kinoada Yüksek Tohum Üretimi İçin Uygun Ekim Zamanı ve Çeşitlerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: TEMEL Süleyman , TUFUR Alemşah
Published: December 2020

Yüksek tane verimi ve kalitesini etkileyen teknik ve fizyolojik olgunluğun sağlanabilmesi için doğru ekim zamanı tespitlerinin yapılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Mevcut çalışma ile Iğdır sulu koşullarda ekilen kinoada yüksek tohum üretimi için uygun ekim zamanı ve çeşitlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 15 kinoa genotipi ile öncesinde yürütülen adaptasyon çalışmasında en yüksek tohum verimine sahip Mint Vanilla ve Titicaca çeşitleri 10’ar gün aralıklarla (Mart’ın ortası, Mart’ın son haftası, Nisan’ın ilk haftası ve Nisan’ın ortası) ekilerek test edilmiştir. Çalışma 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kuruldu. Analiz sonucunda; incelenen bazı parametreler üzerine yılların, ekim zamanların ve çeşitlerin etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Buna göre bin tane ağırlığı (BTA) ve sapta ham protein (HP) oranı hariç diğer parametrelerin 2018 yılında daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek salkım oranı, BTA, tohum verimi, hasat indeksi, tohumda ve sapta HP oranı Titicaca’da belirlenirken, olgunlaşma süresi, sap kalınlığı, bitki boyu, dal sayısı, saman ve biyolojik verim ise Mint Vanilla’da tespit edilmiştir. Diğer ekim zamanları ile kıyaslandığında olgunlaşma süresi, BTA ve hasat indeksi birinci ekim döneminde, sap kalınlığı, bitki boyu, dal sayısı, saman ve biyolojik verim ise ikinci ekim döneminde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak tohum verim ve kalite değerlerinde düşüşlerin yaşanmaması için ekimlerin geciktirilmeden (Mart’ın üçüncü haftasında) yapılması ve tohum üretimi için Titicaca çeşidinin bölge için uyun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Evaluation of China's water-resource utilization efficiency based on a DEA-Tobit two-stage model
Authors: Yang Y.
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a Data Envelopment Analysis-Tobit (DEA-Tobit) two-stage model was used to evaluate the efficiency of water-resource utilization, and the regional differences and influencing factors on water-resource utilization were analyzed. The results of the analysis of regional differences show that China's water-use efficiency is relatively low. Only Beijing, Shanghai, and Fujian have water-use efficiency higher than 0.8, whereas most other provinces and cities have an efficiency of 0.3–0.8. The eastern region demonstrates a higher water-resource utilization efficiency than the central and western regions. The analysis of the influencing factors of regional differences in water-use efficiency found that per capita water resources, per capita domestic water use, and the proportion of primary and secondary industries all have a negative impact on the efficiency of water use, and per capita GDP has a positive impact on the efficiency of water use. Agricultural water consumption, industrial water consumption, domestic water consumption, and total ecological water consumption all have a negative impact on water-resource utilization efficiency, of which domestic water consumption and industrial water consumption have a greater impact. Technological level and water-resource utilization efficiency show a significant positive correlation.
Üniversite Girişimciliği Nasıl Destekleyebilir? Öğrenci Beklentilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Cankaya İbrahim , Çiçek Sağlam Aycan
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin uzmanlık sertifikasına sahip olmak istedikleri farklı alanları belirlemek ve böylelikle üniversitelerde esnek öğrenme konusunda farkındalık oluşturmaktır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yönteminde durum desenlidir. Çalışma grubu 2018-2019 akademik yılında Uşak Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Fakültesi 4. sınıf öğrencileri oluşmaktadır. Fen fakültesinden 50, mühendislik fakültesinden 50, toplamda 100 öğrenci ile görüşülmüştür. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşme formu ile toplanmış ve NVİVO paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Öğrenci görüşleri betimsel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Fen fakültesi son sınıf öğrencileri acil tıbbi hizmetler, bilgisayar programcılığı, ilk yardım, laborant, işaret dili, İngilizce ve Rusça tercümanlık ve antrenörlük alanlarında sertifika sahibi olmak istediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Mühendislik fakültesi son sınıf öğrencileri bilgisayar programlama, İngilizce tercüme, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği, gıda güvenliği, gayrimenkul danışmanlığı ve yatırım danışmanlığı alanlarında sertifika sahibi olmak istediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Üniversitelerde dersler, hem öğrenci beklentileri hem piyasa beklentileri doğrultusunda opsiyonel olmalıdır. Üniversiteler mesleki beceri kazandırma ve geliştirmeye yönelik kursları artırmalıdır.
Chronic Diseases and COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Ajebli Mohammed , Amssayef Ayoub , Akdad Mourad , Algharrass Youness , Babakhouya Abdelaadim , Ghanimi Dris , Eddouks Mohamed
Published: December 2020

The existence of a causal relationship between the rise of the death rate in COVID-19 infected
patients and their sufferance from non-communicable pathophysiological conditions, particularly
chronic diseases, was recently evidenced. In fact, in addition to the immunodeficiency generated
by chronic disease conditions, COVID-19 also led to affect the immune system. Furthermore, the novel
coronavirus attacks the lungs and other vital organs such as heart, kidneys, and brain. All these outcomes
are accused of being involved in the increasing vulnerability and comorbidity in COVID-19-
infected people with chronic diseases. Pharmacological, dietetic and natural approaches were suggested
after deep bibliographic research for presenting preventive recommendations for this category
of patients in order to avoid the fatal complications of this infection, and consequently limiting the risk
of comorbidity. In this regard, some medications could enter into interaction with COVID-19 infection
in patients with diabetes or hypertension and thereafter lead to fatal complications. Furthermore, regarding
their nutritional values, some foods are more useful than others during this pandemic period
because they are rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and perhaps some bioactive phytochemicals,
which are known to be effective in improving immune response, managing chronic diseases and/or
having antiviral activities. In addition, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, prebiotics and probiotics could
be helpful in these conditions. Interestingly, in order to understand the mechanism of this causality and
suggesting efficacious solutions, this review deserves considerable epidemiologic, clinical and experimental
investigations.
Efecto de harina de hidrolizado de vísceras en el crecimiento de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: López-Macías Jorge Nelson , Salas-Benavides Julbrinner
Published: December 2020

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de la harina de hidrolizado de vísceras, en dietas para alevines de trucha variedad “Kamloop”, en términos de ganancias de peso, talla, biomasa, conversión alimenticia aparente y sobrevivencia. Materiales y métodos. El ensayo, se desarrolló en el Centro Ambiental y Piscícola Guirapungo - Corponariño, en ocho piletas de concreto, subdivididas en tres compartimentos de iguales dimensiones. Se utilizó un Diseño Irrestrictamente al Azar (DIA), conformado por 1680 alevines de trucha, con un peso promedio de siembra de 1.24±0.024 g, distribuidos en cuatro tratamientos, seis réplicas por tratamiento, para un total de 24 unidades experimentales, con 70 peces por unidad experimental y 420 peces por tratamiento. Resultados. El tratamiento 4, (dieta con 20% de hidrolizado de vísceras) registró con significancia estadística (p≤0.005) las mejores ganancias de peso, talla, biomasa, conversión alimenticia aparente y sobrevivencia promedio. En contraste, el tratamiento T1 (dieta comercial) reportó las variables productivas menos adecuadas. Conclusiones. La incorporación de hidrolizados de vísceras de peces, como fuente proteica en dietas balanceadas de trucha arcoíris, mejoran las variables zootécnicas de la producción piscícola, debido al valor biológico de las dietas que contiene el hidrolizado.
Regulative Action of Birds Upon Insect Oscillations
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: December 2020

Reports on gut contents of birds taken from an apple orchard severely infested with cankerworm in Tazewell County, Illinois in two sampling periods (May 1881 and May 1882). In 1881, fifty-four birds  representing twenty-four species were taken, with seven other species noted present.  In 1882, ninety-two birds representing thirty-one species were taken, with four other species noted present. Insect development was more advanced at the time of the 1881 sample than the 1882 sample. For common species in the sample, the author compares findings from the orchard to samples of the same species of birds taken from other “ordinary” locations.
Russia’s Scriptural “Reformation” in the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries
Authors: Skinner Barbara
Published: December 2020

The Russian Orthodox Church never experienced a movement that placed the authority of Scriptures over that of the Church, which was characteristic of the Protestant reformations in Western Europe. Nevertheless, an increased emphasis on the Scriptures and a desire to translate the Bible into the vernacular arose in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Russia. Aside from the work of the Russian Bible Society, scholars have not shed much light on this trend as it occurred within clerical education. This article argues that the episode of the Bible Society was a critical chapter within a larger story of important theological and pedagogical shifts within Russian Orthodox education and values. The roots of the Russian biblical translation effort extend back to the eighteenth century, when ethnic Russian clerical scholars gained the linguistic abilities in Greek and Hebrew to translate based on the ancient texts, and when more attention began to be paid to both vernacular Russian instruction and Scriptural study in the ecclesiastical schools. These trends flourished more deeply in the first half of the nineteenth century. Thus, although Russia did not undergo a reformation in the Western sense of the word, it underwent similar internal reforms that brought the Scriptures into a more central role in the church without undermining Church authority and tradition.
Genetic Stability, Inheritance Patterns and Expression Stability in Biotech Crops
Authors:   BASF, 407 Davis Drive, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA, Privalle Laura , Back Patricia , Bhargava Apurva , Bishop Zach , Cisneros Krystal , Coats Isabelle , Criel Ine , Dhondt Lien , Draughn Travis , Fowler Barb , Franklin Brad , Ghoshal Durba , Lor Jim , Massengil Jennifer , Moens Sofie , Mooney Tyson , Nelson Dannyel , Peeters Karolien , Sathischandra Sashi , Staut Caroline , Sung Yoonhui , Tuttle Ann , Hoecke Annelies Van , Raemdonck Annelies Van , Verdegem Marie-Laure , Verhaeghe Steven , Walsh Shane , Wierckx Ann , Zhao Qiang , Dreesen Rozemarijn
Published: December 2020

Demonstration of the stability of traits newly introduced into a plant genome via genetic engineering approaches comprise a significant portion of the safety assessment that these products undergo prior to receiving the requisite regulatory approvals enabling commercial authorization. Different regions of the world have different regulatory requirements and many ask similar questions from multiple and overlapping perspectives. The entire central dogma, that is stability at the DNA level, mRNA level and protein level, is assessed for each product, although only a few regulatory authorities request data at the mRNA level. In this article, we present inheritance data obtained during the safety assessment of biotech products representing specific transgenic events in several crop species including Brassica napus (canola); canola quality Brassica juncea (yellow seeded canola); Glycine max (soybean), and Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) in which different traits have been introduced. The data presented confirm that all events examined were nuclear insertions that resulted in typical Mendelian Inheritance patterns and that the proteins are expressed similarly across multiple generations regardless of whether they were from backcrossed or outcrossed generations. These results demonstrate that newly inserted genes are transmitted to their progeny in a stable manner similar to that of endogenous genes. Further, the findings demonstrate that assessments of multigenerational stability have very limited value to a safety assessment.
Development and External Validation of a Machine Learning Tool to Rule Out COVID-19 Among Adults in the Emergency Department Using Routine Blood Tests: A Large, Multicenter, Real-World Study (Preprint)
Authors: Plante Timothy B , Blau Aaron M , Berg Adrian N , Weinberg Aaron S , Jun Ik C , Tapson Victor F , Kanigan Tanya S , Adib Artur B
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Conventional diagnosis of COVID-19 with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing (hereafter, PCR) is associated with prolonged time to diagnosis and significant costs to run the test. The SARS-CoV-2 virus might lead to characteristic patterns in the results of widely available, routine blood tests that could be identified with machine learning methodologies. Machine learning modalities integrating findings from these common laboratory test results might accelerate ruling out COVID-19 in emergency department patients.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to develop (ie, train and internally validate with cross-validation techniques) and externally validate a machine learning model to rule out COVID 19 using only routine blood tests among adults in emergency departments.

METHODS

Using clinical data from emergency departments (EDs) from 66 US hospitals before the pandemic (before the end of December 2019) or during the pandemic (March-July 2020), we included patients aged ≥20 years in the study time frame. We excluded those with missing laboratory results. Model training used 2183 PCR-confirmed cases from 43 hospitals during the pandemic; negative controls were 10,000 prepandemic patients from the same hospitals. External validation used 23 hospitals with 1020 PCR-confirmed cases and 171,734 prepandemic negative controls. The main outcome was COVID 19 status predicted using same-day routine laboratory results. Model performance was assessed with area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve as well as sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV).

RESULTS

Of 192,779 patients included in the training, external validation, and sensitivity data sets (median age decile 50 [IQR 30-60] years, 40.5% male [78,249/192,779]), AUROC for training and external validation was 0.91 (95% CI 0.90-0.92). Using a risk score cutoff of 1.0 (out of 100) in the external validation data set, the model achieved sensitivity of 95.9% and specificity of 41.7%; with a cutoff of 2.0, sensitivity was 92.6% and specificity was 59.9%. At the cutoff of 2.0, the NPVs at a prevalence of 1%, 10%, and 20% were 99.9%, 98.6%, and 97%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

A machine learning model developed with multicenter clinical data integrating commonly collected ED laboratory data demonstrated high rule-out accuracy for COVID-19 status, and might inform selective use of PCR-based testing.
Development of an online transdisciplinary student wellbeing bundle: a thematic analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Buchan Jena , Clough Bonnie , Munro Jonathan , Ewais Tatjana , Wallis Jaime , Teodorczuk Andrew
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

The consequences of burnout for tertiary students across the health professions are well documented and include higher rates of mental health challenges, suicide, alcoholism, and relationship problems. As a key stakeholder in University-offered wellbeing services and support, it is desirable for students to hold a central role in development of such resources, particularly given effectiveness relies on student uptake. Hence there is a compelling need to develop a student-driven approach to promote wellbeing in the tertiary setting at individual, curricula, and systems levels.

OBJECTIVE

Based on this need, an online student-focused platform was developed using a bottom-up approach to support participant-driven enhancement of wellbeing and resilience to counteract burnout. This study reports on the development of the initial online “Student Bundle”, providing a foundation to inform the design of more locally based approaches to improve wellness and prevent burnout.

METHODS

Students and academic and professional staff from Griffith University Health groups were invited to participate in a series of focus groups. Sessions sought to collect information on desired structure, resources and overall content of the Student Bundle, with a thematic analysis undertaken to identify emerging themes.

RESULTS

Focus groups were conducted separately with staff (n=17) and students (n=7). Six main themes in relation to the development of the bundle emerged: Communication/Engagement; Accessibility/Flexibility; Professional practice; Community; Awareness; and Opportunity for personal growth. Stakeholders emphasized a bundle should be engaging and proactive to address wellbeing issues, incorporate aspects linked to professional identity and foster community, connectedness and self-awareness, providing an opportunity for growth.

CONCLUSIONS

Our research has revealed significant needs in relation to how an online student-focused wellbeing bundle could be delivered and what it could provide. Findings from this study will be used to guide further development and implementation of a multimodal, interactive student wellbeing bundle.
Electronic Self-assessment of COVID-19 Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in The Kingdom of Bahrain (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Ghatam Rana , SURESH AARUNI , Alkhan Asma
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Daily monitoring of COVID-19 symptoms/history of COVID-19 contact in hospital staff is useful for ensuring safety in the hospital. Personal daily screening in the hospital could use a lot of resources and result in unnecessary contact. An electronic Self- Assessment tool could be used to monitor staff without using excessive resources and resulting in unnecessary contact.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to describe the results of a self-assessment COVID-19 daily monitor log in hospital employees. This involved a description of characteristics of staff members who filled the log as well as a follow up of those who reported either symptoms or history of contact

METHODS

An online self-assessment of COVID-19 symptoms/contact history was developed and used at a hospital in Bahrain. The self-assessment tool was completed by all staff members at the hospital (clinical/non clinical). Data were collected during the month of June 2020. In this observational cohort study, descriptive analysis was used to calculate means, frequencies and percentages of the results. Those who reported symptoms/contact were followed up.

RESULTS

Out of 47,388 responses, 853 (2%) of staff reported either COVID-19 symptoms or history of contact with diagnosed COVID-19 case. The most frequently reported symptom was sore throat (23%), followed by muscle pain (12.6%). The highest frequency of staff who reported symptoms/and or contact was in nurses. Of those who reported symptoms/contact, 18 were diagnosed with COVID-19. The majority (83.3%) of the infected staff in this study obtained the virus through community transmission, and only 16.7% obtained the virus through hospital transmission.

CONCLUSIONS

The simple electronic self-assessment tool for hospital staff during COVID-19 could be used as a precautionary measure in hospitals. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of targeting community transmission in an effort to increase hospital safety

CLINICALTRIAL

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Evaluierung des Förderprogramms „Forschungskompetenzen für die Wirtschaft“
Authors:   Technopolis Group - Austria, Grill Harald , Tiefenthaler Brigitte , Zingerle Simon
Published: December 2020

In this report we present the results of our evaluation of the "Research Skills for Business" programme, which we carried out between October 2019 and January 2020. The objectives of the study were (i) an ex-post evaluation of the programme, including a review of whether and to what extent the recommendations of the first evaluation of the programme have been implemented in 2015, (ii) an analysis of the impacts and (iii) an outlook with recommendations for the programme design after 2020.
Espacio y violencia: elementos para un esquema comprensivo
Authors: González Luna Fabián
Published: December 2020

Se plantea una aproximación geográfica a la violencia que trata de superar los enfoques centrados en los aspectos cuantitativos de las expresiones de la violencia directa para poder abordar sus condiciones y mecanismos de realización como una estructura-estructurante de la praxis social. El principal objetivo del artículo es desarrollar un esquema básico sobre la espacialización de la violencia a partir de la combinación de tres mecanismos: la valorización del espacio por medio de la acumulación por despojo, las rentas culturales y tecnológicas, y los dispositivos espaciales de control y disciplinamiento social. Estos mecanismos se articulan en una organización de formas y funciones espaciales que tienen un papel estratégico en la ordenación social dentro del proyecto neoliberal. Lo anterior se articula con la propuesta metodológica de la producción del espacio y la aproximación a la violencia en su dimensión estructural. Se argumenta que esta violencia implica la anulación social, ya sea por medio del desplazamiento o por eliminación de los recursos sociales, para producir espacios-tiempos homogéneos vacíos. Este esquema se pone en diálogo para abordar los espacios públicos en la ciudad neoliberal como la expresión contradictoria y conflictiva entre la espacialización de la violencia como ámbito de la representación del espacio y las contra-topologías del poder como espacios de representación.
PENDUGAAN AKSI GEN PADA KARAKTER KOMPONEN HASIL DAN DAYA HASIL LATEKS BEBERAPA GENOTIPE KARET HASIL PERSILANGAN TETUA KLON IAN 873 X PN 3760
Authors: Sayurandi Sayurandi , Woelan Sekar
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pendugaan aksi gen karakter komponen hasil dan daya hasil lateks pada genotipe hasil persilangan klon IAN 873 X PN 3760. Penelitian dilakukan di Pengujian Evaluasi Semaian F1 dan Laboratorium Agronomi Balai Penelitian Sungei Putih, Pusat Penelitian Karet yang berada di Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Sebanyak 35 genotipe dan 2 tetua digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Karakter komponen hasil yang diamati yaitu lilit batang, tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang pertama, tinggi cabang pertama, tebal kulit, jumlah ring pembuluh lateks, diameter sel pembuluh lateks, volume kayu, dan daya hasil lateks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keragaman genetik dari sembilan karakter yang diamati dengan nilai keragaman fenotipik antara 11,4 – 66,3%. Berdasarkan aksi gen, epistasis komplementer ditemukan pada karakter lilit batang, tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang utama, tebal kulit, jumlah ring pembuluh lateks, volume kayu, dan hasil lateks yang artinya ketujuh karakter tersebut sangat dikendalikan oleh banyak gen, sedangkan epistasis dominan ditemukan pada karakter tinggi cabang utama dan diameter sel pembuluh lateks yang artinya kedua karakter tersebut dikendalikan oleh sedikit gen.
Business Methods for Certification of Government Employees in the Russian Federation: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Chepusov Anton G.
Published: December 2020

This article provides a brief overview of the ongoing changes in the methodology for evaluating and selecting personnel in government agencies of the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the details of ongoing reforms in the current macroeconomic context. The article covers expected consequences of the planned unified approach to certification of civil servants in all state bodies of the Russian Federation using examples of existing business structures that already use the new methods. The author comes to the conclusion that disproportionate powers of managers in any departments and strictly formalized criteria for certification of civil servants, which came from the commercial sphere, will negatively affect the motivation of civil servants, the quality of their work with citizens, and lead to erosion of the civil service ethics. The ongoing reform may potentially result in a loss of public trust to state institutions.
Islam and Politics in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Refly , Esti Melinda , Sidorov Viktor V.
Published: December 2020

The Republic of Indonesia is characterized by ethnic and religious diversity. Islam is the most widespread religion in Indonesia and most of the Indonesian population is Muslim. Indonesian society is based on the principles of religious tolerance. The equality of people is the most important socio-political value of the Indonesian society, which guarantees an equality for allpeople, regardless of their ethnicity, religion or social class. Religion can be the foundation that can strengthen the country and become the foundation for development. At the same time, religion may not be the official state ideology. We study the relationship between religion and state in Indonesia. What problems arise in the relationship between religion and the state? This study aims to find out how Islam and politics in Indonesia are in harmony with the ideology of the Indonesian nation and how religious values can support moral foundations of Indonesian politics. We used analyze secondary sociological data and studied researches of the largest Indonesian academics on the problems of the relationship between religion and politics. We used the method of library research with abstracting and collecting data. A new set of scientific sources in the Indonesian language is being introduced into scientific circulation. The results of the study showed that Indonesia is not a democracy based on the principles of democratic processes of Western Europe. The peculiarity of Indonesia lies in the interaction of religious values and the politics. Indonesian politics is characterized by religious tolerance. At the same time, religious and cultural values are incorporated into the political practices of Indonesia in the form of moral and ethical guidelines. Thus, Indonesia is not a religious or secular country, but a country where religious values are the moral and ethical main ideology of state development.
Review and prospection for food and agricultural business model innovations in emerging economies
Authors: Tsai Fu-Sheng , Tsai Cheng-Hung , Liu Chi-Wei , Lin Chia-Hsun , Chang Chih-Hsiang
Published: December 2020

Even for industries that are traditionally being perceived as ‘traditional,’ such as the food and agriculture ones, business models and its innovations are critical for the industries’ sustainable development. Nine interesting articles in this special issue are reviewed with sincere prospections that might push the research and practical frontiers further. Suggestions in cross-level investigations, international and diverse contexts and research practices, as well as the interactive, dynamic, and evolutionary intersections between the technological and managerial sub-systems of food and agribusiness model innovations are discussed.
A nova história (bio)política
Authors: Fernandes Telma Dias , Nóbrega Elisa Mariana de Medeiros
Published: December 2020

Neste ensaio, abordamos algumas questões pertinentes aos estudos (bio)(necro)políticos, privilegiando uma perspectiva da história do presente, substanciada por meio dos conceitos de biopolítica, necropolítica e perspectivismo ameríndio. A bio, toda ela vida, participa da historiografia imprimindo às questões políticas a perspectiva de outras problematizações, indiciada pela ampliação dos atores, temáticas e fontes históricas, reconhecendo-as como legítimas à história. Propomos uma reflexão sobre as carnes-corpos (bio)políticas, sejam eles cinzas, putrefatas ou pulsantes, naquilo que compete aos seus fluxos de vida e morte, pois do contraponto ao aniquilamento, da memória e/ou da história, é necessário o “bom combate”. Os conceitos de biopolítica e biopotência em suas dimensões de controle, resistência e resiliência têm se desdobrado em outras práticas de análise, permitindo reflexões capazes de contribuir à compreensão das experiências contemporâneas, no que tange ao presente/passado, de alianças e combates, configurando múltiplas formas de sociabilidade. Necropolítica, racismo, psicopolítica, sociedade do cansaço, política da dívida, multidão e perspectivismo ameríndio são alguns dos temas dentre as contribuições recentes e sobre os quais pontuamos algumas reflexões.
Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction of Librarians in Federal University Libraries in South-East Geo-Political Zone of Nigeria
Authors:   1The library Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo, Nigeria 2Department of Business Administration and Management, Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo, Nigeria 3The library Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, Edom Eunice Uchechi , Onuegbu Remigius Chinedu , Leo-Ogbonna Nkechi G.
Published: December 2020

This study examined factors influencing job satisfaction of librarians in libraries of federal universities in South-East geo-political zone of Nigeria. Two objectives and research questions respectively were stated to guide the study. Two hypotheses were also tested in the study. The study adopted a correlational design, and the population of the study was 98. Sample of the study was census which involves the use of the entire population. The instrument for data collection was researcher’s structured modified 4-point Likert rating scale. The data collected for the study were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) technique, while the hypotheses were tested for significance statistically using Spearman Rank Correlation analysis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between staff promotion and job satisfaction of librarians in libraries of federal universities in South-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The findings further revealed that there is also significant relationship between staff job security and job satisfaction of librarians in libraries of federal universities in South-East geo-political zone of Nigeria. The study recommended that staff promotion should be done regularly and as at when due to motivate the librarians to work hard in their workplaces. It is also recommended that librarians job security should be guaranteed at all times to ensure that they put in their best in the performance of their official duties to the benefit of their libraries. Keywords: Job satisfaction, Librarians, Federal Universities, University libraries.
A High-Fat Diet Attenuates AMPK α1 in Adipocytes to Induce Exosome Shedding and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Development In Vivo
Authors: Yan Chenghui , Tian Xiaoxiang , Li Jiayin , Liu Dan , Ye Ding , Xie Zhonglin , Han Yaling , Zou Ming-Hui
Published: December 2020

Exosomes are important for intercellular communication, but the role of exosomes in the communication between adipose tissue (AT) and the liver remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the contribution of AT-derived exosomes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Exosome components, liver fat content, and liver function were monitored in AT in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or treated with metformin or GW4869 and with AMPKα1-floxed (Prkaα1fl/fl/wild-type [WT]), Prkaα1−/−, liver tissue-specific Prkaα1−/−, or AT-specific Prkaα1−/− modification. In cultured adipocytes and white AT, the absence of AMPKα1 increased exosome release and exosomal proteins by elevating tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101)–mediated exosome biogenesis. In adipocytes treated with palmitic acid, TSG101 facilitated scavenger receptor class B (CD36) sorting into exosomes. CD36-containing exosomes were then endocytosed by hepatocytes to induce lipid accumulation and inflammation. Consistently, an HFD induced more severe lipid accumulation and cell death in Prkaα1−/− and AT-specific Prkaα1−/− mice than in WT and liver-specific Prkaα1−/− mice. AMPK activation by metformin reduced adipocyte-mediated exosome release and mitigated fatty liver development in WT and liver-specific Prkaα1−/− mice. Moreover, administration of the exosome inhibitor GW4869 blocked exosome secretion and alleviated HFD-induced fatty livers in Prkaα1−/− and adipocyte-specific Prkaα1−/− mice. We conclude that HFD-mediated AMPKα1 inhibition promotes NAFLD by increasing numbers of AT CD36-containing exosomes.
Survivor: An Analysis of the Term from India
Authors:   Prerana, India, Patkar Pravin
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the need for greater conceptual clarity of the term survivor. It raises questions about the propriety of the term to refer to the victims of sex trafficking. It points out that in the Indian context, the term victim is legally and operationally defined. It cautions against the hasty incorporation of the term survivor into public policies addressing the trafficked victims' problems. Different social platforms use the term survivor differently, and the difference is not nominal. The use of the term survivor is both casual as well as intentional. The term survivor trivializes the exploitation and makes invisible the violence inherent to prostitution and sex trafficking. It cautions that the replacement of the term victim with the term survivor in public policies and programs aimed at providing assistance, compensation, and justice to traffic victims could result in such benefits getting hijacked by the exploiters; and the voices of the victims will get further muffled.
La violencia cometida al adolescente en conclicto con la ley del Centro de Justicia Penal del estado Guerrero, y su relación con la conducta antisocial
Authors: De La Cruz Díaz Eduardo , Arcos Vélez Víctor Manuel
Published: December 2020

El presente es un estudio descriptivo de la violencia infringida a los adolescentes en conflicto con la ley penal y su relación con las conductas antisociales cometidas por este grupo étareo, recluidos en el Centro de Justicia Penal del municipio de Chilpancingo de los Bravos, Guerrero. Se seleccionó por conveniencia a 30 % de los ellos (28) utilizando un instrumento que fue elaborado por los autores, el cual consta de diez preguntas cerradas. La variable dependiente es la conducta antisocial cometida (efecto), y las variables independientes (causa) son la violencia y/o el maltrato. Los criterios de selección fueron edad de 14 a 18 años, ambos sexos, que se encontraran en el centro de reclusión al momento de la entrevista y que firmaran el consentimiento informado. Los datos se capturaron en el programa Microsot Excel y se calcularon la frecuencia y el porcentaje. Los resultados arrojaron que 100 % de los adolescentes encuestados presentó algún tipo de maltrato físico o psicológico, siendo agredidos mayormente por sus cuidadores (padres). Asimismo, 21 % afirmó haber sufrido abuso sexual, siendo el agresor más frecuente el padre o sustituto, o desconocidos. El delito mayormente cometido fue homicidio y lesiones con 26 %. De hecho, 11 % cometió más de un delito. Los delitos en su mayoria fueron cometidos por hombres, con edades de 15 a 17 años, con un nivel socioeconómico bajo y con escolaridad no concluida. No se encontró asociación entre maltrato y el tipo de delito cometido.
UKRAINIAN IDENTITY IN BUILDINGS OF IVAN LEVYNSKYI’S COMPANY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, I. Dyda
Published: December 2020

The diversity of styles of the architectural environment at the outset of the 20 th century gave a unique possibility to express the national identity of a building in its forms and details. The Ukrainian identity was not only present in the buildings of the Lviv but also equally competed with other styles, thanks to the creative methods of interpretation of compositional solutions that were traditional for the Ukrainian architecture and design, implemented by the company of Ivan Levynskyi. Buildings designed and constructed for the Ukrainian community contributed greatly to the preservation and purposeful formation of the Ukrainian architectural image of Lviv. They present a valuable foundation for the creative rethinking and use in conditions of the current architectural process in Ukraine.
KASTELIVKA: ROMANTIC TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HISTORICISN ARCHITECTURE IN LVIV
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Design and Fundamentals of Architecture, S. Linda , B. Cherkes ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Design and Architectural Fundamentals
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the formation of the architecture of Katelivka in urban, typological and stylistic aspects. It is determined that the building of Kastelivka, created at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, became an exceptional creative experiment, which implemented new urban principles of ensemble building, the integrity of which was emphasized by unique stylistic solutions based on interpretations of folk motifs.
PARTICIPATION OF THE LECTURERS AND THE STUDENTS OF THE LVIV ARCHITECTURAL SCHOOL IN THE PRAGUE QUADRENNIAL 2019
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Architectural Environment Design, V. Proskuryakov
Published: December 2020

The article describes the participation of the lecturers and the students of the Lviv Architectural School, the Department of Architectural Environment Design of Lviv Polytechnic National University in the events of the Prague Quadrennial 19, a global exhibition held in the capital of The Czech Republic, June 6–16, 2019.
DESIGNING THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE FIRST UKRAINIAN NATIONAL THEATER PAVILION FOR THE WORLD EXHIBITION
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Architectural Environment Design, V. Proskuryakov
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the design search for the architecture of the Ukrainian pavilions for world theater forums and, in particular, the design decision for the architecture of the First Ukrainian National Theater Pavilion at the Prague Quadrennial 2019.
PRINCIPLES OF SPACE PERCEPTION IN NATURE, THEATRICAL SCENOGRAPHY AND ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Architectural Environment Design, Yu. Bohdanova
Published: December 2020

The article focuses on determining particular characteristic patterns of organization and human perception of space, regardless of whether it is anthropogenic, natural, closed or open, or whether it exists literally, or it is depicted on a canvas of theater curtains, or either conveyed through imaginative thinking of an artist. Understanding particular universal patterns of world and space perception ensure the possibility to use them as core principles for various techniques to be implemented by humans in modeling their own space.
INFLUENCE OF IVAN LEVYNSKYI ON THE ARCHITECTURE OF SECESSIVE LVIV
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Architectural Environment Design, Yu. Bohdanova , Z. Komar ,   Institute of European Heritage International Cultural Centre in Krakow
Published: December 2020

If you analyze the city’s architecture at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, you will be surprised by how many public and residential buildings were constructed, and often designed, by Levynsky company. Levynsky was a respected philanthropist, an active member of cultural and technical societies, among others, of the Polytechnic School Society, the Society of Workers and Industrialists, and a participant in Ukrainian social life–for instance, an activist for the Prosvita Society.
Parliamentarism in Russia: the Problems of History and Contemporaneity
Authors: Polyakov Leonid V.
Published: December 2020

Russian Parliament – is the institutions with complicated historical destiny. First attempts to establish a two-chamber parliament in Russia as a relatively independent legislative and representative institution were made by M.M. Speransky 210 years ago. His constitutional project was only partially implemented in 1906 when the first State Duma of the Russian Empire started its activity. The ten-year experience of the first Russian parliament revealed the major institutional problem that in the long run became one of the key causes for the destruction of Russian state system in 1917. That was the problem of “the responsible Ministry” that made itself felt again in the constitutional design in 1993. The distribution of the control, answerability and responsibility functions in the “triangle”: “president – government – parliament”,– in the Constitution currently in force needs to be closely analyzed from the point of view of political practices. And very likely some amendments will have to be made.