bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of supplemented dietary protein on certain haematological values and meat yield characteristics of broiler birds
Authors: Alam MS , Ahmad N , Miah MA , Islam R
Published: May 2009

The effect of different levels of supplemented dietary protein on body weight, certain haematological values and meat yield characteristics in 20 "Shaver Star Bro" broilers was studied during the period from 02 March to 12 April 2002. The broilers were randomly assigned to four equal groups (A to D) each consisting of 5 birds. Group A was considered as control, fed only with commercial ration and other three groups were treated with extra dietary protein supplement @ 5%, 10% and 15% as group B, C and D respectively. Increased body weight was recorded in group B and the body weight decreases as the level of protein increased from 5% to 10% and 15% and the decrease was linear. No differences in haematological values were observed among the groups but the TEC varied significantly (p < 0.05). The mean weight of breast meat, drum stick meat varied significantly (p < 0.01). The shank weight varied significantly (p < 0.05) but there was no significant difference among the mean weight of thigh meat and wing meat corresponding to the different levels of supplemented dietary protein. It can be concluded that 5% supplemented dietary protein with commercial ration gives better result in respect to body weight gain, haematological values and meat yield characteristics.Key words: dietary protein; haematological values; meat yield; broiler birdsdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2543Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 121-123
Further observations on the packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration in cattle naturally infected with Fasciola gigantica
Authors: Howlader MMR , Begum S , Islam KhN , Hai MA , Hossain MG
Published: May 2009

The changes on packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) in zebu cattle infected with Fasciola gigantica were studied in two age and two season groups during the period from November 1999 to June 2000. Eighty-eight selected cattle were divided into two age groups, 2.5 to 5.5 years (n = 44; 22 infected & 22 uninfected control) and 6.0 to 9.0 years (n = 44; 22 + 22 cattle), and similarly two seasons, winter (n = 22 + 22) and summer (n = 22 + 22) were used for this study. Blood samples were collected in glass vials contained EDTA anticoagulant for each age group of all animals in summer and winter seasons. PCV was determined using microhematocrit and Hb concentration by cyanomethemoglobin methods. The PCV of F. gigantica infected cattle were significantly (p < 0.01) lower than the non-infected control animals. The average PCV obtained were 24.43% and 32.33% for F. gigantica infected and non-infected cattle, respectively. The Hb concentrations of infected cattle were significantly (p < 0.01) lower than the non-infected control animals. The average Hb values found were 7.59 and 10.13 g% for F. gigantica infected and noninfected cattle, respectively. There was no significant effect of age and season on the values of PCV and Hb concentrations in infected and non-infected cattle.Key words: Zebu cattle; Fasciola gigantica; packed cell volume; haemoglobin concentrationdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2553Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 125-127
Effects of alfaprostol and luprostiol on the oestrus synchronization responses in Black Bengal goats
Authors: Faruk MI , Fatema BZ , Bari FY , Alam MGS
Published: May 2009

Sixteen adult Black Bengal goats were synchronized in 2 groups with Alfaprostol (GabbrostimÂ® VETEM, Italy) or Luprostiol (ProsolvinÂ®, Intervet, Netherlands) @ 2 mg and 7.5 mg, equivalent to 1 ml / donor respectively during the period from January 2002 to June 2003. The IM injections were given at 11 days interval. The percent of animals responded following 1st injection of Alfaprostol and Luprostiol was 75% and 87.5%, respectively. However, all animals responded following of 2nd injection of Alfaprostol, while that of Luprostiol were 87.5%. The mean time of onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus in Alfaprostol group were 36.2 Â± 7.91 h and 57.37 Â± 6.56 h and 20 Â± 4.4 h and 28.5 Â± 0.63 h following 1st and 2nd injections, respectively. The similar parameters were 37.5 Â± 8.2 h and 49.5 Â± 0.46 h and 21 Â± 4.6 h and 27.3 Â± 0.77 h in Luprostiol group. In both groups there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the treatment groups on either the time of onset of oestrus or the duration of oestrus.Key words: Alfaprostol; luprostiol; oestrus; sunchronization; Black Bengal goatsdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2557Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 143-145
Toxic effect and oral acute LD50 study of Nerium oleander in male guineapigs
Authors: Chowdhury MGA , Azizunnesa A , Hossain MA , Rahman ML , Hasan Q
Published: May 2009

The toxic effect of Nerium oleander was studied in 36 male adult guineapigs during the period from July to December 1994. These 36 animals were divided into six equal groups (A to F), each consisting of six animals. Each animal of groups B to F was administered with a single oral dose of crude watery extract of sheath oleander @ 300, 450, 600, 750 and 900 mg / kg body weight, respectively whereas animals of group A served as control. Each of the experimental animals was carefully observed and the toxic signs recorded as nausea, anorexia, dullness, depression, restlessness, abdominal pain, salivation, reluctant to move, tremor, resting of chin on the ground, respiratory distress, paralysis of the limbs, recumbency, convulsion followed by death with characteristic groaning. It may be concluded that the lowest dose 300 mg / kg body weight is non lethal to the male guineapigs and the dose of 450, 600, 750 and 900 mg / kg body weight caused 17%, 50%, 83% and 100% mortality, respectively and the LD50 is 540 mg / kg body weight.Key words: Nerium oleander; toxic signs; oral acute LD50; guineapigsdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2562Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 159-161
Hematological values of the indigenous chickens
Authors: Sharmin ML , Myenuddin M
Published: May 2009

Haematological study was conducted on forty indigenous chickens of either sex (20 male and 20 female), aged between 6 to 12 months old during the period from March to April 2003. The haematological values of Hb, TEC, TLC and PCV in male chickens were 9.48 Â± 0.38 g%, 3.37 Â± 0.30 106 / mm3, 19.13 Â± 0.43 103 / mm3 and 33.05 Â± 0.69% and in female 8.29 Â± 0.39 g%, 2.48 Â± 0.25 106 / mm3, 20.68 Â± 0.54 103 / mm3 and 31.20 Â± 0.62%, respectively. The MCV, MCH, MCHC of male blood were 99.22 Â± 9.26 Âµ3, 28.22 Â± 2.29 ÂµÂµg and 28.65 Â± 0.86%, respectively whereas in female were 128.55 Â± 13.57 Âµ3, 34.06 Â± 3.95 ÂµÂµg, 26.58 Â± 1.33%, respectively. Haematological parameters revealed significant differences between the male and female groups for TEC, Hb, PCV, TLC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, heterophil, eosinophil, lymphocytes and monocytes at p < 0.01 and for basophil at p < 0.05.Key words: Haematology; indigenous; chickensdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2563Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 163-164
Synthesis of rigidified flavin–guanidinium ion conjugates and investigation of their photocatalytic properties
Authors: Schmaderer Harald , Bhuyan Mouchumi , König Burkhard
Published: May 2009

Flavin chromophores can mediate redox reactions upon irradiation by blue light. In an attempt to increase their catalytic efficacy, flavin derivatives bearing a guanidinium ion as oxoanion binding site were prepared. Chromophore and substrate binding site are linked by a rigid Kemp’s acid structure. The molecular structure of the new flavins was confirmed by an X-ray structure analysis and their photocatalytic activity was investigated in benzyl ester cleavage, nitroarene reduction and a Diels–Alder reaction. The modified flavins photocatalyze the reactions, but the introduced substrate binding site does not enhance their performance.
Les déterminants de l'épidémie du VIH/SIDA en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Tsafack Temah Chrystelle
Published: May 2009

Résumé Cet article décompose l’impact des déterminants de l’évolution de l’épidémie du VIH/SIDA pendant la période 1997-2005. Après avoir classé ces déterminants en socio-économiques, socioculturels et épidémiologiques, nous essayons de déterminer l’impact de chaque groupe de déterminants sur le cours de l’épidémie en Afrique subsaharienne. A l’aide d’un modèle de panel utilisant les données de 42 pays africains, nous examinons le lien entre les trois catégories de déterminants et l’évolution de l’épidémie. Après avoir effectué une transformation logistique du taux de prévalence du VIH/SIDA, nous estimons notre modèle par les effets aléatoires et nous incluons une variable muette régionale parmi les déterminants pour capter les différences sous-régionales dans la diffusion de l’épidémie. La même équation est ensuite estimée en utilisant le taux d’incidence du VIH/SIDA. Enfin, nous estimons notre modèle par la méthode des moments généralisés (GMM) pour tenir compte des effets dynamiques dans l’évolution de l’épidémie. Nos résultats sont robustes et montrent que ce sont les variables épidémiologiques et socioculturelles qui ont un impact plus important sur l’évolution de l’épidémie. De plus, les variables socio-économiques les plus déterminantes pour l’épidémie sont les inégalités de revenu et les inégalités de genre. Classification JEL : I10, I12, I19, 015
Effets économiques du paludisme sur les cultures de rente : l'exemple du café et du cacao en Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Audibert Martine , Brun Jean-François , Mathonnat Jacky , Henry Marie-Claire
Published: May 2009

Résumé Les secteurs du café et du cacao représentaient avant la crise politique en Côte d’Ivoire, approximativement 15 % du PNB et 40 % des exportations. La zone de production de ces deux cultures est la forêt, également zone d’endémie palustre. Leur exploitation est moins contraignante que celle des cultures vivrières comme le riz et l’igname qui, elles, demandent à être repiquées chaque année. Par contre, l’entretien du sol et le traitement des caféiers et des cacaoyers sont des tâches importantes car elles contribuent à l’amélioration des rendements et donc aux revenus monétaires des planteurs. Mais elles exposent les planteurs, par une présence accrue dans les champs, aux piqûres des anophèles et donc au risque de paludisme. Les agriculteurs de cette zone cultivent également du riz, en mode pluvial, mais aussi pour certains, en mode irrigué (culture de bas-fonds). L’objectif de cet article est double. Il est d’estimer d’une part l’effet du paludisme sur la production de café et de cacao et d’autre part l’effet du mode de production rizicole sur la transmission du paludisme. Trois équations, production de café, production de cacao et production de santé, sont estimées. Les données sont issues d’une étude menée en 1999 sur un échantillon de 750 ménages, répartis en 21 villages, en zone forestière. Les principaux résultats soulignent l’absence d’effet du paludisme sur la production de café et de cacao et concluent que la riziculture de bas-fonds n’est pas un facteur de risque pour la transmission du paludisme. Classification JEL : I12, O13
L'impact du paludisme sur l'éducation primaire : une analyse en coupe transversale des taux de redoublement et d'achèvement
Authors: Thuilliez Josselin
Published: May 2009

Résumé Ce travail explore la relation entre le paludisme à P.falciparum – le seul mortel et le plus répandu – et l’éducation primaire en termes de résultats scolaires au niveau macroéconomique. L’analyse en coupe transversale réalisée montre que le lien entre les performances des enfants dans le primaire (mesurées par les taux de redoublement et d’achèvement dans le primaire) et l’indice de paludisme à P.falciparum utilisé est fort. Ces résultats laissent penser que l’accomplissement de l’objectif d’éducation universelle nécessite une approche plus large et non uniquement focalisée sur les dépenses d’éducation (publiques ou privées) mais aussi sur des dépenses de santé spécifiques. Pour améliorer la qualité de l’éducation, il faut également prendre en compte l’état de santé des enfants et les maladies affectant particulièrement leurs capacités cognitives dont le paludisme. Les dépenses spécifiques d’éducation et de santé pour faire face au fléau du paludisme devraient faire l’objet de recherches plus approfondies. Classification JEL : O15, I10, I20
Facteurs associés à l'abandon du traitement anti-tuberculeux dans la ville d'Antananarivo, Madagascar
Authors: Rakotonirina El-C. Julio , Ravaoarisoa Lantonirina , Randriatsarafara Fidiniaina Mamy , de Dieu Marie Rakotomanga Jean , Robert Annie
Published: May 2009

Résumé Une étude épidémiologique analytique, basée sur un recueil rétrospectif de données, ayant inclus 442 patients, a été effectuée dans un des centres de traitement de la tuberculose de la ville d’Antananarivo, pour identifier les facteurs liés à l’abandon du traitement. Les résultats montrent que les hommes abandonnent plus le traitement que les femmes (OR = 1,81 [1,13 ; 3,03]). Parmi ceux qui habitent loin du centre, les malades de moins de 30 ans ont tendance à être plus irréguliers dans le suivi du traitement (OR = 3,43 [1,16 ; 10,15]). Il n’existe pas de relation statistiquement significative entre l’abandon au traitement et l’âge, la forme clinique, le régime thérapeutique et la résidence. Les responsables de chaque centre de traitement devraient être plus vigilants vis-à-vis des tuberculeux de sexe masculin et des jeunes patients. Ils devraient adapter les modalités de suivi selon ces facteurs de risque à l’abandon.
Le développement des communautés au Québec : la part de l'intelligence collective
Authors: Boisvert Réal , Milette Claire
Published: May 2009

Résumé Cet article présente l’esprit général et certaines applications d’un dispositif national de connaissance du développement des communautés actuellement en déploiement dans plusieurs régions du Québec. Ce dispositif mise sur l’intelligence collective des communautés et soutient les efforts de différents intervenants en vue d’améliorer les conditions de vie, la santé et le bien-être de la population. Il se distingue notamment par le fait qu’il accorde une importance égale aux données de nature quantitative présentes dans les grands fichiers administratifs et à celle de nature plus qualitative obtenues par la remontée des perceptions des acteurs du développement des communautés. L’ensemble de ces données permet de préparer des plans d’intervention établis en fonction de la situation socioéconomique et socio-sanitaire des communautés et de leur potentiel de développement.
Filling Gaps in Knowledge: Educating Nurses to Provide Appropriate Patient Materials
Authors: Cannon Sharon , Boswell Carol
Published: May 2009

Assessing and addressing health literacy is a key issue in providing quality patient education. Often, nurses do not know how to do this. Continuing nursing education provides a venue for filling this gap in knowledge, contributing to better and safer patient care.

J Contin Educ Nurs
2009;40(4):148–149.
The Effect of International Courses on Nursing Practice at Jordanian Hospitals
Authors: Shudifat Raed , Hayajneh Ferial , Mahadeen Alia I.
Published: May 2009

Background:

Recently, nursing education in Jordan has been radically reformed to fit social and organizational processes of globalization. Jordanian nurses are attending international courses to improve their nursing practice.

Methods:

This descriptive, qualitative study was aimed at identifying the impact of Jordanian nurses' participation in international courses on nursing practice in Jordan. Purposive sampling techniques were used. Two focus groups of Jordanian nurses who participated in international courses provided rich data.

Results:

Findings from the focus groups suggested that participation in international courses makes a significant contribution to nurses' professional and personal development.

Conclusion:

Jordanian nurses are challenged to find ways to actually apply the new skills and knowledge gained from these courses in their work.

J Contin Educ Nurs
2009;40(4):187–192.
Strengthening the Use of Evidence-Based Practice: Development of an Independent Study Packet
Authors: Pierson Margaret A. , Schuelke Sue A.
Published: May 2009

Based on staff nurse input, an evidence-based practice (EBP) independent study packet augmented by one-on-one mentoring was developed to support nurses in EBP activities and utilization. The strategies for developing the packet to meet American Nurses Credentialing Center requirements for continuing education credit are discussed, including review by a content expert and piloting of the packet prior to implementation. Evaluation of the independent study pilot project and plans for educational support for continuing development of EBP knowledge and skills are described.

J Contin Educ Nurs
2009;40(4):171–176.
Considering a Career Change to a Nursing Faculty Position? Key Interview Questions to Ask and Why
Authors: Welk Dorette Sugg , Thomas Patricia L.
Published: May 2009

Nursing is a practice profession that transitions some bedside clinicians to another career, such as a nursing faculty member in a university nursing program. Given the current faculty shortage, many clinicians may be considering this kind of transition. The nurse considering such a career change can benefit from learning about the job expectations of academe and being prepared to ask questions in the initial interview that may impact future satisfaction and retention. Awareness of job expectations in the areas of teaching, scholarship, service, and practice and consideration of key levels of individuals who will participate in the series of interviews provide the background for such questions. The lessons learned presented in this article were written a year after one of the author's initial faculty interviews and reflect on the advantages of preparation.

J Contin Educ Nurs
2009;40(4):165–170.
Evaluation of Success of a Meniscus Repair Device for Vertical Unstable Medial Meniscus Tears in ACL-reconstructed Knees
Authors: DeHaan Alex , Rubinstein Richard A. , Baldwin James L.
Published: May 2009

We retrospectively reviewed the success of meniscus repair with the FasT-Fix meniscus repair device for vertical unstable medial meniscus tears at the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. A repair failure was defined as patients having medial knee symptoms leading to a subsequent arthroscopy confirming a tear at the repair site. Objective follow-up was obtained on 27 patients at a mean of 3.1 years postoperatively (range, 2–5 years). Two of 22 repairs (9%) in the red–red vascular zone and 4 of 5 repairs (80%) in the red–white vascular zone retore at the repair site at an average of 9 months postoperatively (range, 3–20 months). The results of this study showed a high failure rate (22%) of unstable vertical medial meniscus repairs with ACL reconstruction, especially for repairs done to tears in the red–white vascular zone.
Partial Tear of the Iliacus Muscle
Authors: Shaikh Abe , Sundaram Murali
Published: May 2009

The case:

A 70-year-old woman presented with left groin pain of 7 weeks' duration. She reported initially feeling the pain while getting out of bed. Because of age and gender, an insufficiency fracture was suspected. Initial radiographs and computed tomography (CT) of the left hip showed no bony abnormalities. A repeat CT performed 6 weeks later was also negative, at which time magnetic resonance imaging was performed.
Pseudomeniscal Synovial Impingement After Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Jung Kwang Am , Lee Su Chan , Hwang Seung Hyun
Published: May 2009

Unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a well-established treatment option for unicompartmental knee arthrosis. Although UKA achieves high success rates, surgeons should be aware of many potential sources of persistent postoperative pain. Common causes include septic or aseptic loosening, a loose body, implant failure, and chronic regional pain syndrome. Tibial plateau stress fracture, meniscus rupture, and cement extrusion have also been reported as infrequent causes of persistent pain. We encountered 2 patients in whom persistent pain after UKA was attributed to synovial impingement mimicking a meniscus tear, and we refer to this as pseudomeniscal synovial impingement. This article presents the clinical histories and histologic findings of 2 patients fitted with a mobile-bearing UKA system and a fixed-bearing UKA system, respectively. These patients were successfully treated by arthroscopic excision.
Macroscopic Third-body Wear Caused by Porous Metal Surface Fragments in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kleinhans Jennifer A. , Jakubowitz Eike , Seeger Joern B. , Heisel Christian , Kretzer J. Philippe
Published: May 2009

Implants with surfaces of various porosities and pore sizes are in clinical use. This article demonstrates how macroscopic porous metal fragments can detach from the implant surface in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and cause significant third-body damage such as deep scratches and indentations in implants' bearing surfaces. Radiographs prior to revision surgery due to aseptic loosening of the acetabular component revealed the presence of numerous small metal fragments approximately 1 to 2 mm in size in the periarticular area. The size, shape, and material of the metal fragments (cobalt–chromium–molybdenum [CoCrMo]) indicated that they originated from the porous metal surface.

In this case, the acetabular liner composite material consisted of two-thirds polyurethane and one-third aluminium oxide ceramic. The femoral head was made of aluminium oxide ceramic. The aluminium oxide femoral head, which had been in situ for 21 years, showed no signs of macroscopic indentations or scratches, suggesting that an aluminium oxide bearing surface, which is significantly harder than the CoCrMo debris, is not significantly affected by metal debris embedment in the counterface material. The polyurethane–aluminium oxide composite material used for the acetabular liner is not comparable to a traditional ceramic bearing surface material. Debris damaged the surface of and became embedded in the liner, causing accelerated wear of the femoral head.

In porous metal surface THA, ceramic-on-ceramic bearing couples should, due to their superior hardness, be considered to prevent excessive wear, including debris embedment and scratching of the bearing surfaces, especially in revision cases.
High Revision Rate After Total Elbow Arthroplasty With a Linked Semiconstrained Device
Authors: Patil Nilesh , Cheung Emilie V. , Mow Christopher S.
Published: May 2009

The clinical results of semiconstrained total elbow arthroplasty have been encouraging, especially in rheumatoid arthritis. This article presents medium-term clinical results, revision rates, and reasons for revision of a semiconstrained linked total elbow device (Solar Total Elbow; Stryker, Mahwah, New Jersey). We retrospectively reviewed 17 consecutive total elbow arthroplasty patients operated on between February 1994 and March 2001. Thirteen patients were available for clinical evaluation with an average follow-up of 8.4 years (range, 4–12.6 years). The presenting diagnosis was post-traumatic arthritis in 6 patients, rheumatoid arthritis in 6, and gouty arthritis in 1, with an average patient age of 63.4 years. The results were analyzed with regard to complications following the procedure, functional outcome using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), and radiological evaluation at latest follow-up. The mean MEPS improved from 32.1 to 65 at latest follow-up. Three patients had excellent results, 5 had good results, 1 had a fair result, and 4 had poor results. Seven patients required at least 1 revision surgery, including 2 with humeral component loosening, 2 with ulnar component loosening, and 2 with bushing failure. One patient required resection arthroplasty for deep periprosthetic infection. Three patients eventually sustained periprosthetic fractures. Five patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 2 patients with posttraumatic arthritis underwent revision surgery. Poor clinical outcomes and a high revision rate were noted in patients with posttraumatic arthritis. Further comparative studies with other semiconstrained devices are necessary to determine their clinical effectiveness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Underlying Fibrous Dysplasia
Authors: Sierra Rafael J. , Cabanela Miguel E.
Published: May 2009

Fibrous dysplasia is a developmental anomaly of bone formation that accounts for approximately 7% of benign bone tumors. It exists in a monostotic or polyostotic form, commonly occurs in the proximal femur, and may require total hip arthroplasty (THA) for its management in a select group of patients. The results of THA in patients with this disorder is not known.

Of the 27,543 primary THAs performed at our institution between 1969 and 2001, 10 were in patients with fibrous dysplasia (prevalence of 0.04%). Two other patients (2 hips) with the same diagnoses were referred after a failed primary THA. The study group comprised 7 men and 4 women (1 bilateral) with an average age at primary THA of 44 years (range, 23–66 years). Four patients had the monostotic form and 7 patients had the polyostotic form. A cemented stem was used in 7 hips and cementless stem in the rest (N=12). Average follow-up was 15.7 years (range, 2–30 years). Seven hips in 6 patients were revised for loosening of components at an average of 12.5 years, and 2 of these were re-revised for the same reason. Loosening of a cementless femoral component led to early revision in 3 hips. The surgical outcomes for patients with monostotic was better than those with polyostotic disease.

Long-term fixation of the femoral component is of concern in patients with fibrous dysplasia. Total hip arthroplasty provided these patients with long-lasting pain relief and function despite the higher rate of complications at the time of surgery.
Hip Fracture in a Patient Affected by Transient Osteoporosis of the Femoral Head During the Last Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Spinarelli Antonio , Patella Vittorio , Speciale Domenico , Petrera Massimo , Vittore Donato , Pesce Vito , Patella Silvio
Published: May 2009

Few cases of hip fracture in pregnant women affected by transient osteoporosis of the femoral head have been reported in the literature, but its real incidence seems to be underestimated. During pregnancy, osteoporosis manifests itself with an insidious onset of hip pain and limp without any trauma or infective episode in clinical history. Its clinical course is characterized by spontaneous recovery a few weeks to several months after delivery. This article describes the case of a 35-year-old woman with a sudden onset of bilateral hip pain during the last trimester of her first pregnancy; she had neither history of steroid therapy nor alcohol abuse; her body temperature and serological parameters were normal. Bilateral transient osteoporosis of the femoral heads was suspected and confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Fifteen days postpartum, she was admitted to our clinic with a displaced femoral neck fracture. A cementless total hip arthroplasty was performed to quickly begin a rehabilitative program. She underwent antiresorptive therapy with alendronic acid 70 mg/week and vitamin D for 3 months. Three months after the fracture, a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan showed osteopenia (T-score, −1.5). Risedronic acid 35 mg/week and vitamin D were then prescribed. The last physical examination at 3 months postoperatively revealed a gradual recovery of the autonomy in activities of daily living.
Preparation, Release Profiles, and Antibacterial Properties of Vancomycinloaded Poly(D,L-lactic) Titanium Alloy Plates
Authors: Tang LiangHua , Zhao ChangHong , Xiong Yan , Pan ChangJiang , Wang Aimin
Published: May 2009

The rate of infection in closed fractures is low and ranges from 0.7% to 4.2%. Patients with open fractures are known to be at higher risk of infection (5%–30%). Internal fixation of fractures is widely used; however, implants allow bacteria to grow and propagate. Implant-associated infections are the chief risk facing orthopedic and traumatology departments. It would therefore be clinically advantageous to develop an internal fixation system that possesses anti-infection properties to prevent and cure implant infections.

With poly(D,L)-lactic acid (PDLLA) as a carrier, PDLLA coatings carrying vancomycin were prepared on the surface of titanium alloy plate substrates for internal fixation of fractures using solvent-casting technology. The bacteriostatic activity to
Staphylococcus aureus
and the drug-release profile of the plates were evaluated in vitro. Vancomycin-loaded plates showed a sustained in vitro drug release character in the experiment. The in vitro inhibition of
S aureus
showed that the plates had an inhibitory effect on
S aureus
, and the antibacterial activity was maintained for at least 15 days. These findings may have important clinical significance for preventing acute infection after the fracture of internally implanted fixation plates.
Improving Workplace Safety Training Using a Self-Directed CPR-AED Learning Program
Authors: Mancini Mary E. , Cazzell Mary , Kardong-Edgren Suzan , Cason Carolyn L.
Published: May 2009

Adequate training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) is an important component of a workplace safety training program. Barriers to traditional in-classroom CPR-AED training programs include time away from work to complete training, logistics, learner discomfort over being in a classroom setting, and instructors who include information irrelevant to CPR. This study evaluated differences in CPR skills performance between employees who learned CPR using a self-directed learning (SDL) kit and employees who attended a traditional instructor-led course. The results suggest that the SDL kit yields learning outcomes comparable to those obtained with traditional instructor-led courses and is a more time-efficient tool for CPR-AED training. Furthermore, the SDL kit overcomes many of the barriers that keep individuals from learning CPR and appears to contribute to bystanders' confidently attempting resuscitation.
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point
Authors: Tompkins Olga S.
Published: May 2009

The application of hazard analysis and critical control point principles is an effective method for ensuring employee food safety in both large and small businesses.
Business Impact of Nurse-Designed Training for Claims Case Managers
Authors: Gleason Alexander
Published: May 2009

Teaching is a fundamental role of occupational health nurses. The primary purpose of any training is to change behavior. Time, resources, money, and personnel required for effective training are in short supply. Occupational health nurses must be able to quantify the effect of their training for business leaders to increase occupational health nurse funding. This article details how to calculate the business impact of training conducted by occupational health nurses. Two separate groups of claims case managers were evaluated for best practice scores. One group was trained by an occupational health nurse to determine occupational injury or illness causality. Best practice scores were analyzed 4 months later. A 14% difference was observed between the trained group and the control group. Occupational health nurses can quantify the effect their training has and use those results to improve their training and secure more resources from business leaders.
Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Immunization Status of First Responders—A Policy Proposal
Authors: Nord Dana Drew
Published: May 2009

The responsibility of occupational health nursing often extends to the communities that workers serve. This is especially true for first responders (i.e., firefighters, paramedics, and emergency medical technicians) and their measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella status.
Patient Satisfaction with Nurse Practitioner and Physician Services in the Occupational Health Setting
Authors: Guzik Arlene , Menzel Nancy Nivison , Fitzpatrick Joyce , McNulty Rita
Published: May 2009

The purpose of this research was to determine if patient satisfaction differed when clinical services were provided by nurse practitioners versus physicians in the occupational health setting. This convenience sample included 129 patients visiting community-based occupational medicine clinics for evaluation of a new work-related injury. There was high satisfaction with both nurse practitioner and physician providers. There was no significant difference in overall patient satisfaction between provider types. Results of this study support a practice model using nurse practitioners as primary providers in the occupational health setting.
Transmission Electron Microscopy and UV–vis–IR Spectroscopy Analysis of the Diameter Sorting of Carbon Nanotubes by Gradient Density Ultracentrifugation
Authors: Fleurier Romain , Lauret Jean‐Sébastien , Lopez Ugo , Loiseau Annick
Published: May 2009

Diameter separation of single‐walled carbon nanotubes is achieved via the density gradient ultracentrifugation process. Statistical analysis of the separated samples is performed using high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The evolution of the diameter distribution with respect to the gradient density is extracted by analyzing hundreds of HRTEM images, and the results are found to be consistent with those estimated by UV–vis–IR spectroscopy. The efficiency of the separation process can be quantitatively characterized by the standard deviation of the diameter distribution, which is determined from the TEM analyses. This particular study indicated that for electric arc nanotubes dispersed in sodium cholate, diameter sorting is more efficient in the upper part of the gradient.
PY181 Pigment Microspheres of Nanoplates Synthesized via Polymer‐Induced Liquid Precursors
Authors: Ma Yurong , Mehltretter Gerald , Plüg Carsten , Rademacher Nadine , Schmidt Martin U. , Cölfen Helmut
Published: May 2009

Organic pigments are important crystalline substances, and their properties and applications rely on size and shape control. Pigment Yellow 181 (PY181) is an industrial azo pigment that is light and weatherfast and suitable for high temperature processing. One disadvantage is its needle‐like shape in the default β‐phase, which makes the pigment difficult to process in industry, e.g., in polymer melts, where a spherical structure would be ideal. Here, we show for the first time, that polymer‐induced liquid precursor structures can be formed even in association to a chemical reaction. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that biomineralization principles can be exploited for the generation of advanced functional materials, such as pigments with novel complex morphology and different properties. Stable PY181 microspheres of nanoplates in the β‐phase were obtained in mixed solvents of water and isopropanol by direct azo coupling under the directing influence of a designed copolymer additive aminobenzoylaminobenzamide‐acetoacetyl‐poly(ethylene imine)‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol) (ABABA‐acetoacetyl‐PEI‐b‐PEG).
Artificial Stem Cell Niches
Authors: Lutolf Matthias P. , Blau Helen M.
Published: May 2009

Stem cells are characterized by their dual ability to reproduce themselves (self‐renew) and specialize (differentiate), yielding a plethora of daughter cells that maintain and regenerate tissues. In contrast to their embryonic counterparts, adult stem cells retain their unique functions only if they are in intimate contact with an instructive microenvironment, termed stem cell niche. In these niches, stem cells integrate a complex array of molecular signals that, in concert with induced cell‐intrinsic regulatory networks, control their function and balance their numbers in response to physiologic demands. This progress report provides a perspective on how advanced materials technologies could be used (i) to engineer and systematically analyze specific aspects of functional stem cells niches in a controlled fashion in vitro and (ii) to target stem cell niches in vivo. Such “artificial niches” constitute potent tools for elucidating stem cell regulatory mechanisms with the capacity to directly impact the development of novel therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration.
Anionic Bridged Bis(amidinate) Lithium Lanthanide Complexes: Efficient Bimetallic Catalysts for Mild Amidation of Aldehydes with Amines
Authors: Wang Junfeng , Li Junmei , Xu Fan , Shen Qi
Published: May 2009

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Anionic bridged bis(amidinate) lithium lanthanide complexes have been found to be efficient catalysts for the amidation of aldehydes with amines under mild conditions. The activity follows the order: yttrium<neodymium<europium≈ ytterbium. The catalysts are available for the formation of benzamides derived from pyrrolidine, piperidine, and morpholine with good to excellent yields. In comparison with the corresponding neutral complexes, the anionic complexes show higher activity and a wider range of scope for the amines. A cooperation of the lanthanide and lithium metals in this process is proposed to contribute to the high activity of the present catalyst.
Primary Amine‐Thioureas based on tert‐Butyl Esters of Natural Amino Acids as Organocatalysts for the Michael Reaction
Authors: Kokotos Christoforos G. , Kokotos George
Published: May 2009

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A new class of primary amine‐thioureas based on tert‐butyl esters of (S)‐α‐amino acids and (1S,2S)‐diphenylethylenediamine was synthesized and their activity as catalysts in Michael additions was evaluated. Derivatives based on di‐tert‐butyl aspartate and tert‐butyl O‐tert‐butyl threoninate provided the product of the reaction between trans‐β‐nitrostyrene and acetone in quantitative yield and high enantioselectivity (87–91% ee). All the thioureas based on tert‐butyl esters of amino acids catalyzed the reaction of nitroolefins with acetophenone with high enantioselectivity (92–98% ee). Thus, low‐cost, commercially available tert‐butyl esters of natural amino acids are very important chiral building blocks for the construction of novel chiral thioureas able to catalyze asymmetric Michael additions with high enantioselectivity.
Efficient Hydroformylation in Dense Carbon Dioxide using Phosphorus Ligands without Perfluoroalkyl Substituents
Authors: Koeken Ard C. J. , Benes Nieck E. , van den Broeke Leo J. P. , Keurentjes Jos T. F.
Published: May 2009

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Rhodium catalysts modified with triphenylphosphine, triphenyl phosphite, and tris(2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) phosphite have been evaluated for their performance in the hydroformylation of 1‐octene using carbon dioxide as the solvent. It is demonstrated that these catalysts are very efficient for the hydroformylation in carbon dioxide, although they are not designed for use in this medium. In particular, the catalyst prepared in situ from dicarbonyl(2,4‐pentanedione)rhodium(I) and tris(2,4‐di‐tert‐butyl‐phenyl) phosphite gave rise to an initial turnover frequency in excess of 3×104 molaldehyde molRh h−1. Such a reaction rate is unprecedented for hydroformylation in supercritical carbon dioxide‐rich reaction mixtures.
A New Regeneration System for Oxidized Nicotinamide Cofactors
Authors: Aksu Seda , Arends Isabel W. C. E. , Hollmann Frank
Published: May 2009

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A novel regeneration system for oxidized nicotinamide cofactors (NAD+ and NADP+) is presented. By combining 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS)‐catalyzed oxidation of NAD(P)H with laccase‐catalyzed utilization of molecular oxygen as terminal oxidant, a simple chemo‐enzymatic NAD(P)+ regeneration method is achieved. Thus, the advantages of both worlds, chemical oxidation of reduced nicotinamide cofactors and laccase‐catalyzed utilization of oxygen from air are combined in a simple and generally applicable new approach for biooxidation catalysis. This new application of the well‐known laccase‐mediator system (LMS) is successfully used to promote alcohol dehydrogenase‐catalyzed oxidation reactions of primary and secondary alcohols. Already under non‐optimized conditions, high turnover numbers of >300 and >16000 were obtained for the nicotinamide cofactor and ABTS, respectively. In this communication, we present the proof‐of‐principle and initial characterization of the proposed new regeneration system.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Ester‐ Phosphonates
Authors: Huang Yange , Berthiol Florian , Stegink Bart , Pollard Michael M. , Minnaard Adriaan J.
Published: May 2009

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The rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of readily available α,β‐unsaturated ester‐phosphonates affords the corresponding α‐chiral phosphonates in excellent yield and ee. The resulting products are useful multifunctional building blocks applied in the synthesis of physiologically active compounds.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Terminal Alkynes to β‐Imino Esters: An Efficient and Direct Method in the Synthesis of Chiral β3‐Alkynyl β2,2‐Dimethyl Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Wang Jun , Shao Zhihui , Yu Kai Ding Wing Yiu , Chan Albert S. C.
Published: May 2009

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The first catalytic asymmetric addition of terminal alkynes to β‐imino esters was carried out using chiral copper(I) complexes as catalysts under mild reaction conditions, providing an efficient and direct synthetic approach to β3‐alkynyl β2,2‐dimethyl amino esters with yields of 73–97% and 48–90% ee. The rich chemistry of the alkynyl functionality makes the present method a powerful and versatile approach to a wide range of optically active β2,2‐dimethyl amino acid derivatives.
Highly Enantioselective Organocatalytic syn‐ and anti‐Aldol Reactions in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Raj Monika , Parashari Gopal S. , Singh Vinod K.
Published: May 2009

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We have synthesized chiral diamines that efficiently catalyze the syn‐ and anti‐aldol reactions in aqueous medium with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities. The product, thus obtained, was further reduced selectively to give syn‐configured 1,2,3‐triol, an important subunit present in various monosaccharides and natural products such as (+)‐boronolide.
Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Terminal Alkynes with Vinyl Iodides
Authors: Xie Xin , Xu Xiaobing , Li Hongfeng , Xu Xiaolei , Yang Jingyu , Li Yanzhong
Published: May 2009

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A convenient iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction of terminal alkynes with vinyl iodides is reported. The reaction was applicable to various acetylenes and vinyl iodides. The present reaction provides an efficient, environmentally friendly protocol to afford conjugated enyne derivatives in good to excellent yields under mild conditions.
Deep desulfurization of transportation fuels by characteristic reaction resided in adsorbents
Authors: Wang Sheng‐Qiang , Zhou Li , Su Wei , Sun Yan , Zhou Yaping
Published: May 2009

A method for deep desulfurization of transportation fuels was presented. Reactive conversion of sulfur compounds and the following adsorption occurred inside adsorbents. The condensation reaction with formaldehyde catalyzed by phosphomolybdic acid was shown effective for the removal of thiophenic and benzothiophenic compounds. Thiophene or benzothiophene of model fuels was completely removed. Coupling with an oxidation reaction, the total sulfur content of commercial fuels was dropped to below 15 ppm. Appropriate desulfur condition was at 70–80°C and ambient pressure without consumption of hydrogen. Saturated adsorbent was regenerated with heating in air at 400°C, and the sulfur capacity was almost fully recovered. Fuel quality was not negatively affected by the desulfur operation. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
A new approach to describe high‐pressure adsorption isotherms in subcritical and supercritical conditions
Authors: Chilev Ch. , Weinberger B. , Passarello J. Ph. , Lamari F. Darkrim , Pentchev I.
Published: May 2009

In this article, we present a new approach to describe adsorption equilibrium of pure gases in a wide range of pressure. This approach is based on a simple statistical mechanics treatment combining the potential theory and lattice fluid models. The obtained equation for the calculation of the excess adsorption can predict the curve progression of isotherms defined by the IUPAC I classification, and for those at supercritical conditions. Notwithstanding that the basic idea of the developed equation is to adapt to the adsorption equilibrium in supercritical conditions at high pressure, the model correlates very well experimental data at low pressure in subcritical conditions. It is applicable to a wide range of pressures and fits satisfactorily the experimental data in a broad range of pressures and temperatures. In particular, the model predicts the maximum of excess adsorption and its minimum. A comparison between this approach and two others is given. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Separation of dyes using composite carbon membranes
Authors: Sachdeva Sonny , Kumar Anil
Published: May 2009

A composite, clay supported carbon membrane has been synthesized by carbonization of a blend of polyethylene glycol and phenol formaldehyde resin and the membrane thus obtained is characterized by separation of dyes. This membrane is subjected to permeability test using pure water which is found to be considerably higher than that reported in literature. It is subsequently shown to reject Acid Orange 7 dye from water with the rejection dependent on pressure and concentration of the dye which is typical phenomenon observed for a charged membrane. The separation data has been analyzed using the Space charge model and the membrane charge is estimated by minimizing the root mean square error between the experimental results and those calculated from the model. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Drying‐induced surface roughening of polymeric coating under periodic air blowing
Authors: Yamamura Masato , Uchinomiya Tetsuro , Mawatari Yoshihide , Kage Hiroyuki
Published: May 2009

We carried out numerical simulations of drying‐induced surface roughening of a moving liquid layer under periodic air blowing conditions. Using spatially non‐uniform Biot number profiles along the coating surface, the solutions of coupled diffusion/heat transfer equations reveal a periodic growth and relaxation in concentration gradients in the vicinity of the liquid–gas interface. The resultant interfacial stress variations promote particular asymmetric surface topographies that grow and level in a sequential manner. The unique surface roughness is identified by considering time scales required for the web motion, the stress‐induced surface evolution, and the pressure‐driven leveling. Predicted drying maps represent the surface roughening behavior as regions in parameter space. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Measuring hydrate/ice deposition in a flow loop from dissolved water in live liquid condensate
Authors: Nicholas Joseph W. , Koh Carolyn A. , Sloan E. Dendy , Nuebling Lee , He Helen , Horn Bob
Published: May 2009

Experiments were conducted to investigate hydrate/ice plugging and deposition mechanisms from water dissolved in a liquid condensate system, using a single‐pass flow loop. Two different hydrate/ice plugging mechanisms were observed. Hydrate/ice deposition from a dissolved‐water phase resulted in a lengthwise uniform/dispersed deposit and a gradual pressure drop increase. The dispersed deposit acted as insulation at the flow loop wall, and the deposit began to propagate downstream. However, cooling below the liquid‐water saturation curve resulted in free water coalescence, and a localized hydrate/ice restriction in the flow loop. This localized restriction resulted in a rapid pressure drop increase. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009