bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pricing and Modeling Credit Derivatives
Authors: Akat Muzaﬀer , Almeida Caio , Papanicolaou George
Published: June 2016

The market involving credit derivatives has become increasingly popular and extremely liquid in the most recent years. The pricing of such instruments oﬀers a myriad of new challenges to the research community as the dimension of credit risk should be explicitly taken into account by a quantitative model. In this paper, we describe a doubly stochastic model with the purpose of pricing and hedging derivatives on securities sub ject to default risk. The default event is modeled by the ﬁrst jump of a counting process Nt , doubly stochastic with respect to the Brownian ﬁltration which drives the uncertainty of the level of the underlying state process conditional on no-default event. By assuming a condition slightly stronger than no arbitrage, i.e., that there is no free lunch with vanishing risk (NFLVR) from Delbaen and Scharchermayer (1994), we provide all the possible equivalent martingale measures under this setting. In order to illustrate the method, two simple examples are presented: the pricing of defaultable stocks, and a framework to price multi-name credit derivatives such as basket defaults.
Inﬂation Dynamics in Brazil: The Case of a Small Open Economy
Authors: Areosa Waldyr Dutra , Medeiros Marcelo
Published: June 2016

This paper derives and estimates a structural model for inﬂation in an open economy. The model represents the standard new-Keynesian Phillips curve (NKPC) and the hybrid curve proposed by Woodford (2003) and Gal´ı and Gertler (1999) as special cases. We present two sets of estimates for the Brazilian economy, initially regarded as a closed economy and then as a small open economy. According to the recent literature, the model contemplates indexation to past inﬂation and a measure of marginal cost as relevant inﬂation indicators. Some of the results can be summarized as follows: (i) Brazil, when regarded as a closed economy, has a relatively higher level of nominal rigidity than that of the United States and Europe, and a high level of indexation as well; (ii) In an open economy with indexation, nominal exchange rate appreciation plus foreign inﬂation aﬀects consumer inﬂation, and this eﬀect becomes more intense with larger economic openness; (iii) There is a small direct impact of the variables associated with economic openness, with the sum of their coeﬃcients being close to zero; (iv) However, the indirect impact is signiﬁcant, consistently changing the weights associated with lagged inﬂation and the expected future inﬂation.
The Dynamics of Firm Size Distribution
Authors: Ribeiro Eduardo Pontual
Published: June 2016

The shape and evolution of ﬁrm size distribution has been studied in industrial organization and labor economics. The standard hypothesis of Gibrat’s law of proportionate eﬀect posits that the rate of ﬁrm growth is size-independent. We test Gibrat’s law using a new empirical methodology and considering the underinvestigated Brazilian case. Quantile regression is used to estimate the evolution of ﬁrm size distribution and to investigate the validity of Gibrat’s law in some parts of the conditional distribution, unlike previous studies, which considered the conditional mean dynamics only. An interesting empirical issue is that usual IV/GMM methods are inappropriate under the null but consistent under the alternative hypothesis, while non-IV methods that impose exogeneity are consistent only under the null hypothesis. Results suggest that Gibrat’s law is rejected; that smaller ﬁrms grow faster; and that there seems to be a strong negative asymmetry in conditional distribution as ﬁrm size increases.
Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Long-Memory Stochastic Volatility Models
Authors: Ferraz Rosemeire O. , Hotta Luiz K.
Published: June 2016

We analyze ﬁnite sample properties of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimators of longmemory stochastic volatility models. The estimates are done in the time domain using autoregressive and moving average in the state space representation. The results are compared with usual estimators of the long-memory parameter.
Earnings Inequality in Brazil: Is it Permanent or Transitory?
Authors: Santos Antonio Loureiro , Souza André Portela
Published: June 2016

This paper seeks to analyze the dynamic behavior of prime-age male workers’ earnings inequality in the formal labor market of the State of S˜ao Paulo in the years 1990-1998. The aim is to ﬁt an econometric model of unobserved earnings components into the empirical earnings variance-covariance structure in order to evaluate the relative magnitude of individual characteristics and earnings instability as factors behind overall inequality. The analysis is based on a panel dataset constructed from RAIS data (oﬃcial formal labor market data); several diﬀerent models are estimated and tested using minimum distance techniques. Our results show that (i) the relative magnitude of the earnings instability component of inequality is much smaller than the individual characteristics component, and (ii) the observed heterogeneity, as accounted by education and age, explains only a little part of the inequality derived from individual characteristics.
Super resolution microscopy is poised to reveal new insights into the formation and maturation of dendritic spines
Authors: Robinson Cristina M. , Patel Mikin R. , Webb Donna J.
Published: June 2016

Dendritic spines and synapses are critical for neuronal communication, and they are perturbed in many neurological disorders; however, the study of these structures in living cells has been hindered by their small size. Super resolution microscopy, unlike conventional light microscopy, is diffraction unlimited and thus is well suited for imaging small structures, such as dendritic spines and synapses. Super resolution microscopy has already revealed important new information about spine and synapse morphology, actin remodeling, and nanodomain composition in both healthy cells and diseased states. In this review, we highlight the advancements in probes that make super resolution more amenable to live-cell imaging of spines and synapses. We also discuss recent data obtained by super resolution microscopy that has advanced our knowledge of dendritic spine and synapse structure, organization, and dynamics in both healthy and diseased contexts. Finally, we propose a series of critical questions for understanding spine and synapse formation and maturation that super resolution microscopy is poised to answer.
Experience of the European Economic and Monetary Union and Its Implications for the Eurasian Integration Project
Authors: Родичева  , Rodicheva Yulia
Published: June 2016

The article is devoted to the prospects of the monetary union creation on the

basis of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), analyzed with consideration of the

lessons learned from the experience of the Economic and Monetary Union of the

European Union (EMU). The author comes to the unambiguous conclusion:

a monetary union should be firmly based on successively passed preceding levels

of integration. Real convergence of national economies alongside with creation

of common financial market is crucial for completion of the Eurasian integration

in form of an economic union. Development towards the monetary union would

require implicit adherence to the “four freedoms” principle as well as scrupulous

coordination of fiscal policies. Nowadays, introduction of a single currency can’t

be seen as top priority of the monetary and financial integration within the

framework of the EAEU: the emphasis is put on coordination of exchange rate

policies and broader use of national currencies in mutual settlements.
Accelerated Weathering of Recycled Polypropylene Packaging Bag Composites Reinforced with Wheat Straw Fibers
Authors: Yu Min , He Chunxia , Huang Runzhou , Liu Junjun , Lu Derong
Published: June 2016

In this study, there were two kinds of recycled polypropylene (RPP) packaging bags, RPP disposable packaging bags (RPP-DB) and RPP woven bags (RPP-WB), used as matrix reinforced with wheat straw fiber (WSF). The aim of this study was to investigate the relative degradation behavior of WSF/RPP composites with two RPP matrices under weathering conditions. The RPP packaging bags were blended with WSF by a two-roll mill mixer and then molded by a compression molding machine. The effects of accelerated weathering on the surface morphology, surface color, surface chemistry, thermal properties, and mechanical properties were evaluated after distinct periods; the total time of exposure of the composites in a QUV-accelerated weathering tester was 1,200 hours. The weathering degradation process of WS/RPP-DB was gradual from surface to interior, whereas the internal collapse aggravated the performance reduction of WS/RPP-WB. The weathering resulted in significant discoloration. The photobleaching of WS/RPP-DB was faster than of WS/RPP-WB. The Fourier-transform infrared spectrum suggested that the color change was closely related to the formation of carbonyl groups and degradation of lignin. After weathering, the thermal properties of WS/RPP-DB and WS/RPP-WB were both decreased. The flexural strength and modulus of WS/RPP strongly decreased with exposure time and was related to the surface crack of composites. The utilization of RPP packaging bags as matrix could be a good candidate of wood–plastic composites for applications in the future.
Evaluating Changes in Tax Contributions of the Forest Products Industry in the US South
Authors: Dahal Ram P. , Henderson James E. , Munn Ian A.
Published: June 2016

The forest products industry is a major contributor to the US South's economy. With the global recession of 2007 to 2009 and associated downturn of the US housing market and other construction activities, the forest products industry's production and associated contribution to federal, state, and local taxes have been severely affected. The changes in tax contributions of these events for the products industry (i.e., lumber and wood products, paper and allied products, and wood furniture) were assessed using Impact Analysis for Planning software and 2009 data. Thirteen states in the US South were selected for this study. The results of tax contributions in 2009 were then compared with those made in 2001. Among the forest products industry sectors, tax contributions increased only for the paper and allied products sector from 2001 to 2009. Thus, this study documents the tax contributions of the forest products industry and how they can change over time in response to changes in the sector's economic activity. This study can help policymakers predict fluctuations in tax contributions and plan accordingly to stabilize and/or improve tax revenues.
Ten-Year Performance of Stakes and Decking Treated with Copper Azole Type B and Alkaline Copper Quat Type D (Carbonate)
Authors: Morris Paul Ian , Stirling Rod , Ingram Janet
Published: June 2016

Development of wood preservatives typically involves laboratory tests using mycelial inoculation and field tests with through-treated small-dimension pine sapwood samples. These preservatives are then commercialized for use also on refractory wood species in Canada and the western United States. A field test was established at two locations in Canada to assess performance of stakes and decks of three species, both untreated and treated with a range of retentions of copper azole type B (CA-B), and two species treated with a range of retentions of alkaline copper quaternary carbonate formulation (ACQ-D). The decking was inspected after 10 years of exposure. CA-B– and ACQ-D–treated boards were generally in excellent condition except at preservative retentions well below standard. Decay was extensive in boards without treatment at both test sites. At one test site, decay was also extensive in preservative-treated white spruce at low retention treated without incising and without end coat. The difference in performance between boards with and without end coat illustrated the beneficial effect of end-cut preservative.

At the ground-contact retention of 3.3 kg/m3 CA-B, stakes of all three species were predominantly sound after 10 years of exposure at both sites. ACQ-D–treated stakes at retentions around 6.4 kg/m3 were sound at one test site, but some stakes showed slight to moderate decay at the other site. Moderate decay was found at retentions below this. Both preservatives were effective against termite attack, but very severe decay and termite attack were present in untreated control stakes of all three species.
Flora da Bahia: Achariaceae
Authors: Santos Amanda Pricilla Batista , Queiroz Luciano Paganucci de , Amorim André Márcio Araújo
Published: June 2016

The taxonomic treatment of the Achariaceae from Bahia state, Brazil, is presented. Two genera are recognized, with one species each: Carpotroche brasiliensis and Kuhlmanniodendron macrocarpum, this latter endemic to the state. Identification key, descriptions, taxonomic comments, illustrations and distribution maps of species in the state are presented.
The effect of the mandatory adoption of IAS/IFRS on earnings management: Empirical evidence from South Africa
Authors: Mnif Sellami Yosra , Slimi Imen
Published: June 2016

This research investigates the effect of mandatory transition of South African companies to IFRS on earnings management, essential attribute of accounting quality. Specifically, the study examines whether the mandatory adoption of IFRS is associated with reduction of earnings management and therefore, an improvement of accounting quality. In addition, the paper focuses on the effect of corporate governance factors on earnings management.Earnings management is assessed by the magnitude of discretionary accruals and accruals quality. The paper compares earnings management in the pre-mandatory IFRS adoption period; 2002-2004 and the post IFRS adoption period; 2010-2012. This study focuses on a sample of 276 firm-year observations, 46 firms drawn from the 413 South African listed companies. A regression model was applied to examine the relation between mandatory adoption of IFRS, corporate governance mechanisms and discretionary accruals controlling for other some factors explaining earnings management.Our findings show that mandatory adoption of IFRS by South African companies is associated with lower earnings management. This result suggests that mandatory transition to IFRS contribute to an improvement in the quality of accounting information. Furthermore, results show that the percentage of independent outside directors, the separation of roles of CEO and Chairman of the board and company size have significant influence on reducing discretionary accruals.
Conservation law and exact solutions for ion acoustic waves in a magnetized quantum plasma
Authors: El-Kalaawy Omar , Ibrahim Rafat , Sadek Lamyaa
Published: June 2016

The head on collision of ion- acoustic solitary waves (IASWs) in a magnetized plasma are considered. The two- sides Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations in generic case as well as the two- sides modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equations in a special case are obtained.The analytical phase shifts and the trajectories after the Head-on collisions of two IASWs in a three species quantum plasma are derived by using the extended version of Poincare-Lighthill-Kuo (PLK) method for both the situations. The conservation laws for KdV and mKdV equations are obtained. By applying the extended direct algebraic method, we found the traveling wave solutions for the two-sides KdV and mKdV equations.
Characterization of best naringinase producing fungus isolated from the citrus fruits
Authors: Srikantha Keerthini , Ranganathan Kapilan , Seevaratnam Vasantharuba
Published: June 2016

Naringinase enzyme has potential application in food and pharmaceutical industry. Naringin and limonin are principle bitter components in the citrus fruit. The microorganisms that associate with citrus fruit may have the ability to degrade the naringin by extracellular naringinase enzymes that are produced by microorganisms. The objective of the study is to isolate naringinase producing fungus from the citrus fruit to debitter the citrus juice and to characeterize the fungus. Citrus fruits were allowed to spoil under the air and soil and the lesion was used to streak on fresh PDA plates. Out of the eight strains isolated from citrus fruits, five were positive for naringinase enzyme. When all the naringinase producing fungi were subjected to liquid fermentation medium for eight days at room temperature at 200 rpm and the crude enzyme was tested for naringinase enzyme at pH 5 and 50 ÂºC for 10 minutes, one strain showed the best naringenase activity (1.92 Âµmol/ml/min). This strain was identified as Aspergillus flavus based on the macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical tests. The culture conditions were optimized to increase the naringinase production via solid state fermentation system using paddy husk as the support. Though naringinase activity of Aspergillus flavus has started on the 2nd day, the highest activity (449.58Ug-1Dry Matter) was obtained on the 8th day. Thereafter the naringinase activity has started to decline. Solid state fermentation using paddy husk as support could be used for large scale naringinase enzyme production.
Transverse vibration analysis of FGM plates with in-plane exponentially non-homogeneous material
Authors: Boreyri Sayyad , Ketabdari Mohamad Javad , Mohtat Pouya , Moosavi Ali
Published: June 2016

In this research, free vibration of rectangular functionally graded (FG) plates with in-plane exponentially non-homogeneous material is investigated. Youngâ€™s modulus and mass density are assumed to vary between a metal-rich and a ceramic-rich zone along one in-plane direction of the plate.The governing differential equation is derived for the case, and a truncated Taylor series expansion technique is utilized to calculate natural frequencies. A Levy-type solution is obtained for plates having two simply supported edges parallel with the material gradient direction. Results for normalized natural frequency are compared with the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, and when possible with exact solution, showing an accurate agreement. Furthermore, a comprehensive parametric study is carried out to determine the effects of different boundary conditions, aspect ratios, and material variations on the free vibration of FGM plates.
Dielectric and Raman studies of Ba0.06(Na1/2Bi1/2)0.94TiO3–NaNbO3ceramics
Authors: Roy Sumit K. , Chaudhuri S. , Kotnala R.K. , Singh D.K. , Singh B.P. , Singh S.N. , Chandra K.P. , Prasad K.
Published: June 2016

In this work the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman and dielectric studies of lead free perovskite (1 – x)Ba0.06(Na1/2Bi1/2)0.94TiO3–xNaNbO3(0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1.0) ceramics, prepared using a standard solid state reaction method, were investigated. X-ray diffraction studies of all the ceramics suggested the formation of single phase with crystal structure transforming from rhombohedral-tetragonal to orthorhombic symmetry with the increase in NaNbO3content. Raman spectra also confirmed the formation of solid solution without any new phase. Dielectric studies showed that the phase transition is of diffusive character and diffusivity parameter decreases with increasing NaNbO3content. The compositional fluctuation was considered to be the main cause of diffusivity.
Performance management discourse and the shift to an administrative logic of operation: a multimodal critical discourse analytical approach
Authors: Ledin Per , Machin David
Published: June 2016

This paper, using multimodal critical discourse analysis, explores a chain of performance management documents in a university which aim to meet the goal of increasing output and excellence. A system of performance management developed by Kaplan and Norton in the 1990s, which enables both tangible and also “intangible assets” such as “quality” and “excellence” to be monitored and measured, is now used fairly universally to structure the running of public institutions. Looking in detail at one case, we show that the result is an abstraction and de-contextualization of processes and agents, through a series of interlocking texts, lists and tables that follows an administrative, rather than task led, logic of operation. We show how the discourse is legitimized on the one hand by the very impenetrable nature of the resulting interlocking documents and by the Web of Science database on the other. We give reasons why the database itself is highly problematic and also show the abstract ways in which it is communicated and how it leads to research in all subject areas being codified and standardized in a “one-size-fits-all” way. This, we argue, serves the purposes of naturalizing and justifying notions of “quality,” “excellence” and “value for money” that have been promoted in service of neoliberal politics.
Busco una mujer de verdad: the gender is a performance conceptual metaphor in personal ads on the Internet
Authors: Rojas-Sosa Deyanira
Published: June 2016

Gender performativity theory considers that gender is not a natural consequence of people’s bodies, but a series of repeated acts regulated by social constraints that one performs to create a natural, usually heterosexual, being. Through the analysis of the conceptual metaphor gender is a performance in Spanish Internet personal ads, this study shows linguistic evidence that speakers, ad posters, are aware of the performative nature of gender, and also shows gender as a prototypical category, in which some members are more central than others. Finally, when using this conceptual metaphor, this study shows that ad posters describe the characteristics of ideal heterosexuals as naturalized and commonsense, thereby re-creating traditional ideologies about gender, and further promoting heteronormativity.
Relative Stability of the Scleroglucan Triple-Helix and Single Strand: an Insight from Computational and Experimental Techniques
Authors: Bocchinfuso Gianfranco , Mazzuca Claudia , Conflitti Paolo , Cori Davide , Coviello Tommasina , Palleschi Antonio
Published: June 2016

Scleroglucan (Sclg) is a polysaccharide that exhibits a triple helix conformation (triplex), both in aqueous solution and
in the solid state, which is lost in DMSO solution, at high temperature and at high pH values. The triplex conformation is
characterized by a high rigidity, responsible of Sclg peculiar properties. Although the relative stability of triplex and
single strand has already been investigated, different structural details are still missing.

In the present study, we analyse the structural properties and the factors stabilizing the single chain and the triple
helix of Sclg in different conditions. To this end, we simulated both systems in water and in DMSO. The triple helix has
been also simulated in the presence of chemical damages on one of the three strands (to reproduce in silico the effect of
sonication) or by inducing a partial unfolding of the triplex structure. The computational results have been compared with
experimental evidences in which the triplex denaturation, at alkaline pH values, has been followed by monitoring the UV
and CD spectra of Congo red, used as a probe molecule. Our results indicate that sonication breaks the Sclg chains without
appreciably changing the stability of the other tracts of triple helix. The simulated perturbed or partially unfolded
triplexes show a clear tendency to form less ordered aggregates. Finally, our simulations put in evidence an important
role of the hydrophobic interactions both in the triplex stability and in the aggregation processes observed after induced
denaturation.
Pharmacogenetics for Safe Codeine Use in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Gammal Roseann S. , Crews Kristine R. , Haidar Cyrine E. , Hoffman James M. , Baker Donald K. , Barker Patricia J. , Estepp Jeremie H. , Pei Deqing , Broeckel Ulrich , Wang Winfred , Weiss Mitchell J. , Relling Mary V. , Hankins Jane
Published: June 2016

After postoperative deaths in children who were prescribed codeine, several pediatric hospitals have removed it from their formularies. These deaths were attributed to atypical cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) pharmacogenetics, which is also implicated in poor analgesic response. Because codeine is often prescribed to patients with sickle cell disease and is now the only Schedule III opioid analgesic in the United States, we implemented a precision medicine approach to safely maintain codeine as an option for pain control. Here we describe the implementation of pharmacogenetics-based codeine prescribing that accounts for CYP2D6 metabolizer status. Clinical decision support was implemented within the electronic health record to guide prescribing of codeine with the goal of preventing its use after tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy and in CYP2D6 ultra-rapid and poor metabolizer (high-risk) genotypes. As of June 2015, CYP2D6 genotype results had been reported for 2468 unique patients. Of the 830 patients with sickle cell disease, 621 (75%) had a CYP2D6 genotype result; 7.1% were ultra-rapid or possible ultra-rapid metabolizers, and 1.4% were poor metabolizers. Interruptive alerts recommended against codeine for patients with high-risk CYP2D6 status. None of the patients with an ultra-rapid or poor metabolizer genotype were prescribed codeine. Using genetics to tailor analgesic prescribing retained an important therapeutic option by limiting codeine use to patients who could safely receive and benefit from it. Our efforts represent an evidence-based, innovative medication safety strategy to prevent adverse drug events, which is a model for the use of pharmacogenetics to optimize drug therapy in specialized pediatric populations.
Determination of selected antiepileptic drugs in mouse brain homogenates by HPLC—DAD
Authors: Wróblewski K. , Petruczynik A. , Radzik I. , Czuczwar S. J. , Waksmundzka-Hajnos M.
Published: June 2016

Three independent reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedures with diode array detection (DAD) for the analysis of carbamazepine (CBZ), topiramate (TPM), and valproic acid (VPA) have been developed in order to determine drug penetration of the blood—brain barrier. Determination of CBZ was performed on C18 column with mobile phases containing methanol (55%, v/v), acetate buffer at pH 3.5 (20%, v/v), double distilled water (25%, v/v), and 0.025 M L−1 diethylamine (DEA). The mobile phase containing acetonitrile and water (8:2, v/v) or acetonitrile and phosphate—citrate buffer at pH 2.6 (1:1), respectively, for analysis of VPA and TPM was applied. Quantification of carbamazepine was performed at 285 nm without extraction procedure before the analysis. Determination of topiramate and valproic acid was performed using precolumn derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl). FMOC-Cl is a suitable agent, which reacts with both primary and secondary amines and also with acidic groups. Topiramate was determined at 263 nm and valproic acid at 300 nm. The proposed procedures are simple, not time-consuming, and suitable for the determination of investigated compounds in mouse brain homogenates.
Evaluation of Effects of Topical Melatonin Application on Osseointegration of Dental Implant: An Experimental Study
Authors: Dundar Serkan , Yaman Ferhan , Saybak Arif , Ozupek M. Fatih , Toy Vesile Elif , Gul Mehmet , Ozercan İ. Hanifi
Published: June 2016

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of local melatonin application during surgery on bone implant connection (BIC) in rabbit tibiae. Six 0.8- to 1-year-old male New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups: (1) a control group (CG) in which rabbits were not treated with additive materials and only implant integration was executed; (2) a melatonin dose 1 (MLT D-1) group in which rabbits were treated with 1.2 mg of melatonin locally before implant placement into the rabbits' tibiae; and (3) a melatonin dose 2 (MLT D-2) group in which rabbits were treated with 3 mg melatonin locally before implant placement into the rabbits' tibiae. Four weeks after the procedure, the rabbits were euthanized; their tibiae were dissected from muscles and soft tissues, fixed with formaldehyde, and later embedded in methacrylate. Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were then performed under light microscopy. Following this, BIC was detected histomorphometrically, and P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results showed that the highest BIC percentage was detected in MLT D-2, with a mean value of 39.46% ± 0.78, as compared with a mean value of 33.89% ± 0.92 in group MLT D-1 and 27.42% ± 0.89 in CG. Similarly, the mean BIC percentage of the MLT D-2 group was the highest among the three, with the mean BIC percentage of the MLT D-1 still registering as higher than CG. Within the limitations of this rabbit study, it appears that local melatonin application during implant surgery may improve BIC.
A Novel Approach to Prove Bacterial Leakage of Implant-Abutment Connections In Vitro
Authors: Wachtel Andreas , Zimmermann Tycho , Spintig Tobias , Beuer Florian , Müller Wolf-Dieter , Schwitalla Andreas Dominik
Published: June 2016

Bacterial leakage from the implant-abutment-interface (IAI) is suspected of contributing to the development of peri-implantitis. The aim of the study was to develop a straightforward test setup to evaluate the bacterial leakage of the IAI of 2-piece implant systems under laboratory conditions. A test suspension of Enterococcus faecium was injected into 7 implants (PerioType Rapid Implants) prior to abutment fixation. The IAI was covered by kanamycin aesculn azide agar (KAAA), which serves as an optical indicator for E. faecium. The specimens were cyclically loaded with a force of 120 N for up to 1 000 000 cycles in a universal testing machine in accordance with the ISO 14801:2007 standard. The color change of the KAAA was recorded. Three of the 7 implants showed bacterial leakage before the cyclic loading test started. The bacterial tightness of the IAIs of the 4 remaining implants lasted for 35 680 ± 22 467 cycles on average. The experimental setup at hand provides the means for a straightforward evaluation of the bacterial tightness of the IAI of 2-piece dental implants.
Gestão do conhecimento em instituições de saúde portuguesas
Authors: Cruz Sofia Gaspar , Ferreira Maria Manuela Frederico
Published: June 2016

RESUMO A gestão do conhecimento impõe-se como uma necessidade premente para as organizações de vários setores da economia, inclusive do setor da saúde. Objetivo: avaliar a perceção dos colaboradores de instituições de saúde relativamente à gestão do conhecimento na instituição onde atuam e analisar a existência de diferenças nessa perceção, em função do modelo de gestão da instituição. Método: estudo realizado numa amostra de 671 colaboradores de dez instituições de saúde portuguesas, com diferentes modelos de gestão. Para avaliar a perceção de gestão do conhecimento, utilizamos uma escala construída a partir de itens de escalas disponíveis na literatura. Resultados: evidenciam perceção de moderada gestão do conhecimento nas instituições de saúde e diferenças estatisticamente significativas na perceção de gestão do conhecimento, em cada modelo de gestão. Conclusão: a gestão do conhecimento ocorre nas instituições de saúde, e o modelo de gestão vigente influencia a forma como elas gerenciam o seu conhecimento.
Notificação de problemas de saúde em trabalhadores de enfermagem de hospitais universitário
Authors: Guimarães Ana Lucia de Oliveira , Felli Vanda Elisa Andres
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os problemas de saúde de trabalhadores de enfermagem e descrever suas consequências. Método: estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa. O levantamento foi realizado por meio do Sistema de Monitoramento da Saúde do Trabalhador de Enfermagem (SIMOSTE), em três hospitais universitários em São Paulo, no período de 12 meses. Resultados: foram identificados 970 registros relativos a problemas de saúde, sendo a maioria por licença médica, acidentes de trabalho com afastamento, faltas e acidentes de trabalho sem afastamento, predominando as doenças do sistema osteomuscular, respiratório, infecciosas e parasitárias, do sistema nervoso, entre outras. Um total de 4.161 dias de trabalho foi perdido em decorrência dos problemas de saúde apontados. Conclusão: diante dos resultados, é imperativa a necessidade de proposição de estratégias de prevenção, a fim de amenizar e reduzir os agravos à saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem.
Atenção à saúde de criança e adolescente com HIV: comparação entre serviços
Authors: Silva Clarissa Bohrer da , Paula Cristiane Cardoso de , Lopes Luis Felipe Dias , Harzheim Erno , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Schimith Maria Denise
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a qualidade da atenção à saúde das crianças e dos adolescentes com HIV entre os tipos de serviços, na experiência dos familiares/cuidadores. Método: estudo transversal desenvolvido com 71 familiares/cuidadores utilizando-se o Instrumento de Avaliação da Atenção Primária (PCATool-Brasil) versão criança. Para análise utilizou-se o Teste de Mann-Whitney ou T student e Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fisher. Resultados: foram apontados como fonte regular de atenção os serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde e, majoritariamente, o serviço especializado ao HIV. Não houve diferenças significativas na qualidade de ambos, visto que seus escores atingiram valor próximo ao ideal. Conclusão: evidencia-se a necessidade de aprimorar os seus atributos, o que implica em reformulações de seus aspectos de estrutura e desempenho. Além disso, é imperativo o reconhecimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde como espaço integrante da promoção à saúde das crianças e adolescentes com HIV.
Representações sociais da tuberculose por enfermeiros
Authors: Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Motta Maria Catarina Salvador da , Ferreira Márcia de Assunção
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever as representações sociais de enfermeiros sobre a tuberculose e identificar as implicações para o atendimento de enfermagem. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, com participação de 52 enfermeiros de 23 Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Belém, Pará. Realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com posterior análise de conteúdo temática segundo o referencial da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Resultados: as representações sociais da tuberculose se organizaram em duas categorias: o contágio, evidenciando a vertente clínico-epidemiológica da doença, e o estigma e preconceito, a vertente social. O atendimento é influenciado pelo medo, fato que explica o distanciamento de alguns enfermeiros ao lidar com os doentes. Conclusão: as representações sociais de enfermeiros sobre a tuberculose perduram pautadas no medo que provoca o afastamento do doente, gerando estigma e preconceito, o que pode influenciar na sua adesão ao tratamento.
Momentos para higienizar as mãos em Centro de Material e Esterilização
Authors: Pires Francine Vieira , Tipple Anaclara Ferreira Veiga , Freitas Lucimara Rodrigues de , Souza Adenícia Custódia Silva e , Pereira Milca Severino
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar os momentos nos quais há necessidade de higienização das mãos (HM) por trabalhadores que atuam em Centro de Material e Esterilização (CME). Método: foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo, no CME de um hospital de grande porte, de julho a novembro de 2012, em Goiânia - GO. Dados obtidos por observação dos trabalhadores, seguindo check list, previamente avaliado e testado. Resultados: para a área suja, momentos de HM padronizados foram suficientes. Na área limpa, foram necessários "Momentos adicionais com indicação" para HM, apreendidos do processo de trabalho como: após desinfecção de bancadas, após conferência e registro de material consignado, antes de montar caixas/bandejas, antes de carregar e descarregar a autoclave, antes de manusear e distribuir os produtos para saúde, entre outros. Conclusão: os momentos de HM na área suja coincidem com indicações da prática clínica; e, na área limpa, apreenderam-se momentos característicos do processo de trabalho.
A experiência das avós de crianças com câncer
Authors: Mendes-Castillo Ana Márcia Chiaradia , Bousso Regina Szylit
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender, a partir da perspectiva das avós, a experiência de ter um neto com câncer. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, guiado pela Hermenêutica Filosófica Interpretativa. Participaram oito avós de crianças que haviam concluído tratamento oncológico. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas, que foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas seguindo os pressupostos da Hermenêutica. Resultados: as avós vivenciam experiência de sofrimento multiplicado, emudecido, transformador e permanente. Acreditam que seu papel é estar presente, mas reconhecendo a independência e a autodeterminação do filho adulto. As avós evidenciam que sua experiência tem sido muito pouco acessada e considerada pelos profissionais de saúde. Conclusão: recomendamos a inclusão dos avós no contexto do cuidado e a realização de novas investigações.
Ausência de expectativa de suporte para o cuidado aos idosos da comunidade
Authors: Oliveira Déborah Cristina de , Neri Anita Liberalesso , D'Elboux Maria José
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar fatores associados à ausência de expectativa de suporte para o cuidado aos idosos da comunidade. Método: foram utilizados parte dos dados do estudo multicêntrico "Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros", pesquisa quantitativa, epidemiológica e transversal desenvolvida no período de 2008 a 2009. Foram realizadas análises de comparação e regressão dos dados de 671 idosos. Resultados: a avaliação da expectativa de suporte para o cuidado aos idosos mostrou-se um bom indicador de risco para ausência de expectativa de suporte em mulheres, idosos que residiam sozinhos e com percepção ruim da própria saúde. Conclusão: conclui-se que é preciso refletir sobre o sistema de suporte oferecido aos idosos no Brasil, visto que o perfil destes que estão em risco é cada vez maior na população. Ressalta-se também a importância da inserção de métodos subjetivos para avaliação da percepção dos idosos sobre suporte para o cuidado.
Tecnologias educativas para promoção do (auto) cuidado de mulheres no pós-parto
Authors: Barbosa Eryjosy Marculino Guerreiro , Sousa Albertina Antonielly Sydney de , Vasconcelos Mardênia Gomes Ferreira , Carvalho Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de , Oriá Mônica Oliveira Batista , Rodrigues Dafne Paiva
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a literatura nacional e internacional sobre o uso de tecnologias educativas para promoção do autocuidado de mulheres no pós-parto. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As produções foram coletadas nas bases CINAHL, SCOPUS, PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e Cochrane, utilizando como recorte temporal o período de janeiro/2004 a julho/2014, nos idiomas português, inglês, espanhol e francês, selecionadas a partir dos descritores: postpartum period, educational technology, nursing e self care. Ao final, procedeu-se à análise de 27 artigos. Resultados: dentre as informações, observou-se que as escalas, o aconselhamento e a visita domiciliar foram as tecnologias educativas mais recomendadas. Conclusão: as tecnologias favorecem a comunicação, mas por vezes são dependentes de computador e internet, dificultando o acesso para mulheres de baixa renda.
Cuidados paliativos e espiritualidade: revisao integrativa da literatura
Authors: Evangelista Carla Braz , Lopes Maria Emilia Limeira , Costa Solange Fatima Geraldo da , Batista Patricia Serpa de Souza , Batista Jaqueline Brito Vidal , Oliveira Amanda Maritsa de Magalhães
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar artigos científicos disseminados em periódicos online no cenário internacional acerca da temática cuidados paliativos e espiritualidade. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura, com coleta de dados no mês de setembro de 2014, nas bases de dados LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE/PubMed, IBECS. Resultados: foram identificadas 39 publicações, cujas analises textuais permitiram a construção de quatro abordagens temáticas: significado da espiritualidade no contexto dos cuidados paliativos; cuidados paliativos e assistência espiritual; espiritualidade e alivio da dor e de outros sintomas que acometem pacientes sob cuidados paliativos; e instrumentos de avaliação da dimensão espiritual no âmbito dos cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: estudo verificou a relevância da dimensão espiritual durante a assistência de pacientes assistidos por meio de cuidados paliativos e a necessidade do desenvolvimento de novos estudos para disseminar conhecimento sobre o tema.
Efeitos da acupuntura no tratamento da ansiedade: revisao integrativa
Authors: Goyatá Sueli Leiko Takamatsu , Avelino Carolina Costa Valcanti , Santos Sérgio Valverde Marques dos , Souza Junior Deusdete Inácio de , Gurgel Maria Dorise Simão Lopes , Terra Fábio de Souza
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre os efeitos da acupuntura no tratamento da ansiedade e a qualidade desses estudos. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases/bancos de dados CINAHL, LILACS, PUBMEDPICO, SciELO, The Cochrane Library, no período entre 2001 a 2014. Os descritores anxiety, acupuncture therapy, acupuncture e anxiety disorders foram combinados entre si para garantir a ampla busca de estudos primários. Resultados: dos 514 artigos, 67 foram selecionados para leitura na íntegra e 19 incluídos. Desses, 11 apresentaram forte nível de evidência. Dos seis artigos de estudos clínicos randomizados, cinco apresentaram qualidade classificada como razoável. Dois estudos utilizaram acupunturistas enfermeiros para a aplicação da intervenção. Os resultados mostram efeitos positivos e estatisticamente significativos do uso da acupuntura para tratamento de indivíduos com ansiedade. Conclusão: a acupuntura parece ser um tratamento promissor para a ansiedade, no entanto, há necessidade de melhorar a qualidade metodológica das pesquisas nessa temática.
Uso de produtos naturais no controle de antracnose causado por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides em mamão
Authors: Ribeiro Jennifer Gonçalves , Serra Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Sousa , Araújo Marcela Uli Peixoto
Published: June 2016

RESUMO Um dos fatores limitantes na produção e comercialização de mamão é a vulnerabilidade a uma grande quantidade de doenças. A antracnose, causada por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides é responsável por grandes perdas nessa cultura, sendo considerada doença de elevada importância econômica. Visando uma alternativa de controle avaliou-se o efeito dos produtos naturais Acadian®, Biopirol®, Trichodermil®, Rocksil® e Protego® in vitro e in vivo. O ensaio in vitro foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco produtos e duas concentrações. Para cada experimento foram empregadas quatro repetições, onde cada repetição foi representada por uma placa de Petri de 9 mm. Para avaliação in vivo foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial, com 5 indutores x 2 concentrações x 2 épocas de aplicação e 4 repetições por tratamento, sendo cada repetição representada por um fruto de mamão. Os bioindutores e indutores abióticos foram aplicados 48 e 72 horas, em tratamentos independentes, antes da inoculação do patógeno. Foram utilizadas as mesmas dosagens para os tratamentos in vitro e in vivo. De acordo com os resultados obtidos no experimento in vitro, todos os produtos utilizados inibiram o crescimento fúngico de C. gloeosporioides aos seis dias de crescimento, com destaque para o Biopirol® 40 e 60 ml/L e Rocksil® 15 e 30 g/L nas duas concentrações utilizadas e o Protego® na maior concentração 6 g/L que inibiram totalmente o desenvolvimento do fungo. Para o teste in vivo, observou-se que os indutores utilizados foram eficientes em reduzir as infecções causadas por C. gloeosporioides. O Biopirol 40ml/L foi o produto que diferiu da testemunha, apresentando menores lesões de antracnose em relação aos demais tratamentos da primeira época de aplicação (48h). Em relação aos resultados obtidos na segunda época de aplicação (72h) o Acadian 40 ml/L e Rocksil 30 g/L apresentaram melhores resultados com menores médias de lesões de antracnose quando comparados aos demais tratamentos desta época. Tais resultados demonstram que os produtos utilizados tiveram capacidade de diminuir a agressividade da antracnose em frutos de mamão, mostando-se eficientes no manejo de doenças e podendo se configurar em importantes componentes no manejo da antracnose em pós-colhieta.
Reação de genótipos de Stylosanthes capitata à antracnose
Authors: Falco Josani da Silva , Fernandes Celso Dornelas , Verzignassi Jaqueline Rosemeire , Mallmann Guilherme , Queiróz Carolina de Arruda , Chagas Haroldo Antunes , Batista Margareth Vieir , Quetez Francisco Antônio
Published: June 2016

RESUMO O Brasil detém o maior rebanho bovino comercial do mundo, baseado na utilização de pastagens. Atualmente, o uso de leguminosas forrageiras vem crescendo, em consorciação com poáceas ou exclusiva (bancos de proteínas), entre as quais Stylosanthes capitata Swartz. tem se destacado. Porém, sua utilização comercial tem sido limitada, em decorrência da antracnose, causada pelo fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar genótipos de S. capitata com alto grau de resistência à antracnose. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Embrapa Gado de Corte, de 2012 a 2014. Inicialmente, semearam-se 30 acessos de S. capitata em casa de vegetação, mantendo-se apenas uma planta por recipiente, onde estas permaneceram durante sete semanas até a realização da inoculação. Em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial (30 acessos do hospedeiro x quatro isolados do patógeno), com 10 repetições, conduziram-se dois experimentos, em épocas diferentes. Os isolados monospóricos de C. gloeosporioides (GC2, GC20, GC672 e GC722) foram selecionados com base na sua representatividade das raças fisiológicas mais frequentes no Brasil. Tais isolados foram inoculados com suspensões de 106 conídios/mL nos acessos hospedeiros. Baseado no grau de resistência ao patógeno, os acessos foram classificados como imune a altamente suscetível. No campo, em experimento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, avaliaram-se a severidade da doença em 44 acessos da leguminosa. Dentre os genótipos inoculados, nos dois experimentos, os acessos GC1081, GC1087, GC1090, GC1094, GC1173 e GC2298 comportaram-se como resistentes a todos os isolados do patógeno estudados. Os isolados GC2 e GC672 foram os mais agressivos, independentemente do acesso do hospedeiro. Os resultados do experimento de campo evidenciaram a variabilidade genética do germoplasma estudado quanto à resistência a essa doença. No entanto, não foi possível selecionar acessos resistentes ao patógeno. Em tais condições, pode ocorrer nova variação fisiológica do patógeno, mais agressiva que aquelas artificialmente inoculadas. Temperatura e umidade relativa médias de 22-26º C e 77% UR, respectivamente, proporcionaram condições adequadas para a evolução da doença no campo.
In vitro Determination of Fungicide Inhibitory Concentration for Phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates
Authors: Moura Bianca , Boller Walter , Deuner Carolina Cardoso
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT In vitro assays were preformed to obtain the IC50 of eight fungicides against Phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates from Passo Fundo, RS, Ponta Grossa, PR, and Primavera do Leste, MT. Different concentrations of the fungicides were added to Petri dishes containing soybean leaf extract agar medium. One milliliter of P. pachyrhizi uredospore suspension at the concentration of 3.0 x 104 uredospores/mL was added to each dish for subsequent viability quantification. Only pyraclostrobin and the mixture trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole showed IC50 values inferior to 1.0 mg/L for all tested isolates, demonstrating high fungitoxicity. There was not loss of sensitivity to any of the tested fungicides.