bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El discurso de odio en Facebook visto desde la epistemología de la complejidad
Authors: Benassini Félix Claudia
Published: September 2023

El objetivo principal de este artículo es mostrar la forma en que funciona el discurso de odio en un mundo social de la red socio-digital Facebook. Para cumplir con este objetivo el trabajo se ha dividido en cinco partes. En la primera se ofrece una caracterización del ecosistema de la desinformación, en el que se articula el discurso de odio. La segunda es un acercamiento a Facebook desde la lógica de compartir contenidos desinformativos. La tercera parte es un acercamiento al mundo social “Amor a México” en el que se hizo el estudio, así como una caracterización del discurso de odio. La cuarta parte presenta la metodología de los objetos digitales y la muestra analizada. Finalmente, las conclusiones se refieren a la complejidad desde la que se articulan estos procesos, analizada a la luz de los elementos de la epistemología de la complejidad de Edgar Morin.
El desafío de la universidad pública en la formación de artistas visuales. Una apuesta formativa desde de la epistemología de la complejidad
Authors: Franco Vargas Adriana , Stingl Robert
Published: September 2023

La presente investigación resalta la necesidad de impulsar las artes visuales desde la universidad pública en México para la reelaboración del sentido estético sobre el que se funda un modo de ser ético, capaz de interpelar la visualidad imperante a partir del reconocimiento de las expresiones estéticas locales, en favor del desarrollo humano y cultural. A su vez, se esboza una propuesta formativa a partir del contexto específico de la Licenciatura en Arte y Diseño de la Universidad Intercultural del Estado de México. Esta propuesta se basa en la epistemología de la complejidad y busca proveer al estudiante de arte de la universidad pública los elementos necesarios para complejizar los fenómenos de la realidad sobre los que puede incidir de forma activa a partir de sus postulados artísticos. Por lo que, más que una propuesta, se trata de una apuesta formativa a partir de la formulación desarrollada por Edgar Morin en su Introducción al pensamiento complejo (1994), en el cual se comprende la acción como apuesta debido al riesgo y a la incertidumbre a los que se expone todo actuar.
Análisis e implementación de estrategias de diseño bioclimático, caso estudio “Mercado de Artesanías Tepetlixpa”
Authors:   , Osorio Meléndez Tania Esther
Published: September 2023

Este documento presenta la propuesta del reacondicionamiento bioclimático realizada a un edifico ubicado en el municipio de Tepetlixpa, Estado de México como parte del programa de vinculación de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, unidad Azcapotzalco. La propuesta del proyecto arquitectónico trata de un cambio de uso del edificio al cual se implementaron estrategias de diseño bioclimático partiendo de un análisis del clima. Con base en los resultados del análisis climático realizó un análisis solar, análisis de viento, análisis lumínico, análisis térmico, análisis acústico e implementación de ecotecnologías, las estrategias de diseño se realizaron considerando la normatividad aplicable en México.
Comparative Assessment of Global Value Chains' Influence on National Economies
Authors: Goncharova K. S. , Shelomentsev A. G. , Masyuk N N.
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, a predominant trend in the transformation of national economies worldwide has been the extensive establishment of global value chains and the increased activities of transnational corporations (TNCs). Despite the scale of these phenomena, they have not received adequate scholarly attention, both at the level of individual countries and on a global scale. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis that combines theoretical approaches with empirical investigations of the interplay between the formation and vigorous expansion of global value chains and the dynamics of national economic transformation worldwide. This relationship is examined in the context of foreign multinational corporations operating in sectors such as chemistry and pharmaceuticals, electronics, electrical equipment, and the automotive industry.To achieve the objectives of this study, a range of complementary research methods were employed, including descriptive analysis, comparative analysis, generalization and grouping techniques, and cartographic analysis. The study yields several key findings:

Firstly, a global trend of progressive reduction in the share of domestic producers within the industries under consideration has been observed. This trend is most conspicuous in the countries of the former socialist bloc in Central and Eastern Europe, including Poland, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Romania. These countries previously maintained domestic production levels exceeding 50% of the total volume for the specific product types.

Secondly, the field of automobile production exhibits the highest proportion of foreign companies contributing to the total volume of products manufactured. In 33 out of the 58 countries analyzed, foreign multinational corporations account for more than 50% of production. Thirdly, a selection of countries in Western Europe, the Middle East, and the Asia-Pacific region—such as Germany, Italy, France, Israel, the USA, China, Japan, the Russian Federation, India, and Korea—play a substantial role in the development of global value chains through the active expansion of their national TNCs. International companies from these countries are progressively shaping a global socio-economic framework.

Lastly, recent years have seen the emergence of a new stage in the evolution of global value chains, prompted by exceptional factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the trade conflict between China and the United States, and the conflict in Ukraine. This stage necessitates a profound reconsideration of the strategies employed by current participants in global chains, driven by the imperative of preserving their sustainability.
«Community Spirit» in Tackling Security Threats
Authors: Gavrilenko N. V.
Published: September 2023

Book review: Berling T.V., Gad U.P., Petersen K.L. and Wæver O. 2022. Translations of Security:A Framework for the Study of Unwanted Futures. Routledge. 235 p.
Navigating the Aftermath: U.S. Policy in Afghanistan Following Troop Withdrawal
Authors: Makoveeva Z.
Published: September 2023

The withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan in the middle of 2021 has put at stake and turned to shock the world community. The world, which was fighting COVID-19, faced more concerns about the US withdrawal from Afghanistan. It became not only a concern of Middle East countries, but it raised questions in Europe too. While the Middle East countries were anxious about security issues in the region, Europe was anxious about the mass migration of refugees. Russia, the country which is crucially interested in stable peace in the Middle East, and China, which is cooperating with Afghanistan in the economic sector, began negotiations with the Taliban government to stabilize the situation peacefully after the withdrawal of American troops.

The article analyzes the changes in US policy in Afghanistan after the withdrawal of troops in August 2021. The withdrawal of the US military contingent from Afghanistan has changed the balance of power in Central Asia, which, on the one hand, creates new risks to international security, and on the other hand, opens up new opportunities for interested players in the international arena in the region. In the new conditions, the United States is forced to restructure its policy towards Afghanistan and change its security strategy in accordance with the new balance of forces in the region. The findings of the study relate to the actual interests of the United States in the field of security in Afghanistan and in the Central Asian region as a whole.
Analisis Konsentrasi serta Kemurnian DNA Hasil Ekstraksi Rumput Raja (Pennisetum purpuroides) dan Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) Menggunakan Metode CTAB dan DNAzol
Authors: Priyastomo Dity Asa , Hilmia Nena , Pramudyaswari Estria Furry , Islami Romi Zamhir
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK 

Seiring dengan berkembanganya sektor peternakan, permintaan terhadap tumbuhan pakan pun ikut meningkat. Diperlukan upaya perbaikan genetik melalui teknik konvensional maupun melalui bioteknologi yang saat ini sudah berkembang pada tingkat molekuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dan kemurnian DNA yang dihasilkan dari ekstraksi DNA pada rumput raja (Pennisetum purpuroides) dan rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) menggunakan dua buffer ektraksi DNA yaitu CTAB dan Kit DNAzol. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsentrasi dan kemurnian DNA. Data yang dihasilkan dianalisa menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstraksi DNA rumput raja dan rumput gajah yang dengan metode CTAB dan DNAzol mendapatkan hasil yang bervariasi. Ekstraksi DNA pada rumput raja dengan CTAB menghasilkan rataan konsentrasi dan kemurnian yang lebih tinggi, yaitu sebesar 729,63 ng/?l dan 1,92, dibandingkan dengan menggunakan buffer DNAzol, dengan rata-rata konsentrasi DNA sebesar 142,72 ng/?l dan 1,61. Selanjutnya ekstraksi DNA rumput gajah menggunakan buffer DNAzol menghasilkan rata-rata konsentrasi dan kemurnian DNA yang lebih baik, yaitu 242,1625 ng/?l dan 1,83, dibandingkan menggunakan Metode CTAB, yaitu sebesar 44,8 ng/?l dan 3,05. Hasil ekstraksi DNA pada rumput raja menunjukkan buffer CTAB lebih baik sementara rumput gajah menggunakan buffer DNAzol relatif lebih tinggi dan lebih murni jika dibandingkan dengan buffer CTAB 

Kata kunci : ekstraksi DNA, rumput gajah, rumput raja, CTAB, buffer DNAzol
Pertumbuhan dan Biomasa Segar Rumput Odot (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) pada Lahan Gambut dengan Pemberian Pupuk Urin Kelinci Fermentasi
Authors: Ali Arsyadi , Arbi M. Satria , Hidayati -
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair urin kelinci fermentasi (POCUKF) terhadap pertumbuhan dan berat biomasa segar rumput odot pada lahan gambut. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan (Oktober 2021 s.d Januari 2022). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kelompok. Perlakuan adalah pemberian POCUKF yang dilarutkan dalam 2 liter air. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (tanpa POCUKF), P1 (POCUKF 160 ml), P2 (POCUKF 320 ml) dan P3 (POCUKF 480 ml). Peubah yang diamati adalah pertambahan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, jumlah daun, dan berat segar. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian POCUKF dengan dosis 0-480 ml pada rumput odot pada minggu ke-5 pengamatan menghasilkan tinggi tanaman 69,33 - 91,66 cm, panjang daun 48,66 - 71,33 cm, lebar daun 2,43 - 3,33 cm, jumlah daun 76,33 - 130 helai, dan berat segar 799,00 - 1.774,67 g. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian POCUKF dengan dosis 480 ml memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi segar rumput odot yang ditanam di lahan gambut. 

Kata kunci: pertumbuhan vegetatitif, pupuk organik cair, rumput, tanah gambut
Analisis Keragaman Gulma Pinggir Kandang Domba, Tepi Jalan dan di Bawah Naungan Lamtoro yang Berpotensi sebagai Hijauan Pakan
Authors: Sirait Sani Juwita , Setiana Muhammad Agus , Kumalasari Nur Rochmah
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK 

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik dan potensi gulma pinggir kandang domba, tepi jalan, dan di bawah naungan lamtoro sebagai hijauan pakan ternak ruminansia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksplorasi jenis hijauan dan kapasitas tampung di lahan Unit Pendidikan dan Penelitian Peternakan Jonggol (UP3J). Ekplorasi hijauan menggunakan metode Summed Dominance Ratio, analisis komposisi botani, dan analisis indeks keragaman Shanon Wiener. Hasil eksplorasi menunjukkan keragaman tumbuhan yang sangat tinggi pada 3 lokasi tersebut dengan ditemukan 41 spesies tumbuhan. Spesies dominan yang ditemukan adalah Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. dan Ageratum conyzoides L. selanjutnya diikuti dengan Desmodium triflorum Linnaeus, Richardia scabra L. , Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl, Phyllanthus niruri L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Cyperus rotundus L dan Sida rhombifolia, Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.). Hasil analisis komposisi botani pada tutupan lahan yang berbeda didominasi oleh rumput dengan proporsi 62,5%, legum 6,5%, gulma 30,9%. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa gulma dari area pinggir kandang domba, tepi jalan dan di bawah naungan lamtoro memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai pakan ternak. 

Kata kunci: kapasitas tampung, komposisi botani, pinggir kandang, tepi jalan, bawah naungan lamtoro
Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair Limbah Nanas dan Air Cucian Beras Fermentasi terhadap Kandungan Protein Kasar dan Serat Kasar Rumput Lampung (Setaria sphacelata)
Authors: Delima Mira , Fibriansyah Anang Aulia , Ilham -
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK 

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair (POC) campuran limbah kulit nanas dan air cucian beras fermentasi terhadap kadar protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput lampung (Setaria sphacelata). Materi penelitian berupa pols (sobekan tanaman) yang digunakan sebagai bahan tanam. Limbah nanas, air cucian beras, gula merah dan EM4 merupakan bahan-bahan yang digunakan pada proses fermentasi pembuatan pupuk organik cair (POC). Penelitian merupakan penelitian eksperimen menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yaitu P0 = 0 ml POC (kontrol), P1 = 150 ml POC, P2 = 200 ml POC, P3 = 250 ml POC, dan dengan lima ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar protein kasar dan serat kasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian POC limbah nanas dan air cucian beras fermentasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput lampung. 

Kata kunci : rumput lampung (Setaria sphacelata), pupuk organik cair (POC), limbah nanas, protein kasar, serat kasar
Encountering a lateral pouch acute appendicitis in pediatric age group: case series study
Authors: Almesaibli Mohammad , Alfayez Adel , Almutawa Renad
Published: September 2023

Background: Facing lateral pouch appendicitis (LPA) is unusually encountered by pediatric surgeons, and usually, these cases carry intraoperative challenges due to their unpredictable location and are difficult to locate. Pediatric surgeons should be aware of this and anticipate encountering such cases. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis is based on clinical, laboratory, and imaging modalities. Moreover, the same diagnostic strategy is applied for LPA, but with more challenges since its location sometimes gives atypical presentations, with difficulty in finding the appendix during the ultrasonographic radiological imaging.
Case Presentation: A total of three cases of acute appendicitis were presented, which were managed surgically. Intra-operatively, an appendix was found retroperitoneally with its base in the posterior wall of the cecum, while the terminal ileum was set in a retroperitoneal fashion alongside the lateral abdominal wall. This is an unusual location, which carries challenges during dealing with such cases.
Conclusion: It was assumed that this is a considerable health concern that needs to be investigated. Clarifying the outcome in these cases, and describing the intraoperative findings, would help us understand the condition. Increase the awareness around the health care community, in order to manage these cases properly in terms of understanding the diagnostic challenges, and surgical interventions, and to prevent or decrease the intra-operative complications.
Solid-State Electroaerodynamic Aircraft Design Using Signomial Programming
Authors: Brown Arthur , Xu Haofeng , Gilmore Christopher K. , Barrett Steven R. H.
Published: September 2023

Electroaerodynamics (EAD) is a form of airbreathing electric propulsion that uses high voltages to produce and accelerate ions, generating thrust without any moving parts. This method of solid-state propulsion is nearly silent and produces no direct combustion emissions. This paper describes a program for designing and optimizing fixed-wing solid-state aircraft propelled solely using EAD. Signomial programming (SP), an emerging method of efficient multidisciplinary design optimization, is employed. The program incorporates performance models for state-of-the-art EAD thrusters, and for custom high-voltage power electronics. It can be used to generate vehicle specifications, or to assess the effect of technological improvements on vehicle performance. The program was used to design and build a flight demonstrator aircraft, based on a goal of achieving steady level flight. In 2017–2018, the demonstrator successfully achieved steady level flight, a first for a fixed-wing electric aircraft with solid-state propulsion. The unproven nature of the EAD propulsion system necessitated a design philosophy centered around minimal technical risk, affecting configuration selection and choice of objective function. A similar design philosophy may prove useful for other design projects with unproven propulsion systems. Finally, endurance values greater than 30 min are achievable with recent improvements in EAD thruster and battery technology.
New Analytical Solutions for Elastoplastic Buckling of Non-Lévy‐Type Rectangular Plates
Authors: Hu Zhaoyang , Zhou Chao , Ni Zhuofan , Zheng Xinran , Wang Zixuan , Xu Dian , Wang Bo , Li Rui
Published: September 2023

Analytical solutions for elastoplastic buckling of plates play a crucial role in providing benchmark results and facilitating fast structural analyses for preliminary designs. However, the analytical solutions for elastoplastic buckling of plates remain incomplete due to the inherent mathematical difficulties associated with higher-order partial differential equations and material nonlinearity. Consequently, the existing analytical solutions for rectangular plates are only applicable to those with Lévy‐type boundary conditions. To address the limitation, this study extends a novel symplectic superposition method to obtain new analytical elastoplastic buckling solutions of non-Lévy‐type rectangular plates, where both the incremental theory (IT) and deformation theory (DT) are adopted. Comprehensive benchmark elastoplastic buckling loads are presented and validated by the modified differential quadrature method. The plastic buckling paradox is explicitly observed, which highlights a significant disparity between the IT and DT in predicting buckling loads for relatively thick plates. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that the DT provides an optimal load ratio for buckling resistance, while no such finding is observed with the IT. The stability criterion curves are plotted using the elastic theory and plastic theories (IT and DT) to further reveal the importance of incorporating the effect of plasticity as well as to provide a useful guideline for the relevant analyses and designs.
Accommodating New Modes of Work in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Ghana: Some Comparative Lessons from the United Kingdom and South Africa
Authors: Coleman Theophilus Edwin , Mpedi Letlhokwa George
Published: September 2023

Over the past decade, Ghana has significantly improved in the digitalisation and transformation agenda. The digitalisation agenda has paved the way for creating an inclusive digital economy. Through this agenda, many Ghanaians now have access to digital platforms, particularly those in the financial and transportation sectors. The quest to digitalise the Ghanaian economy has also created an enabling platform for digital entrepreneurship. The digital economy ecosystem has presented many Ghanaians with economic and employment opportunities that did not exist in the traditional or mainstream economy. While the economic potential of the Ghanaian digital economy cannot be denied, the employment opportunities created by the digital transformation drive present some challenges for the traditional labour market. Moreover, the novel nature of the digital transformation drive poses some difficulties for the existing legal framework of labour laws in Ghana. In addition to examining how Ghana’s labour laws can accommodate gig workers, this article discusses the digital economy’s meaning and significance in Africa, particularly in Ghana. Furthermore, it discusses the new modes of work associated with the digital economy. In addressing the issue of whether the current legal framework in Ghana can accommodate gig workers, the article reflects on the nature of the relationship between gig workers and owners of digital platforms. The article accordingly deals with the issue of whether the Labour Act 651 of 2003 offers guidance in addressing the employment status of gig workers in Ghana. In dealing with whether gig workers are employees of digital platform providers, this article draws some comparative and judicial lessons from the legal position in the United Kingdom (UK) and South Africa. The article concludes with a call for the statutory protection of gig workers in Ghana.
He Who Can Read and Write Has Four Eyes: Factors That Contribute to Gaps in the Entire Reading Ecosystem of South Africa’s Disadvantaged Rural Communities
Authors: Mojapelo Maredi Samuel
Published: September 2023

Equitable and seamless access to information in diverse formats is indispensable for people of all ages to meet their dynamic and ever-evolving information needs for socioeconomic development. Reading is a skill that people need to acquire from an early age to obtain information essential to change their lives for the better. However, in South Africa, the entire reading ecosystem is characterised by huge gaps adversely affecting people of all age groups, particularly in disadvantaged rural communities, and militating against them acquiring reading habits, skills, a reading culture and essential information to meet their multiple daily needs. With low reading literacy in the country, the purpose of this study was to investigate factors that contribute to gaps in the entire reading ecosystem in South Africa’s disadvantaged rural communities. The study adopted a literature review to unearth factors contributing to gaps that deter people from reading and acquiring reading habits, skills and a reading culture. The study finds that there are numerous factors that contribute to gaps in the whole reading ecosystem in the country, thus hindering citizens from accessing information to quench their information needs. The study recommends that the government has a responsibility to bring information to the citizens by establishing adequate and responsive community libraries to encourage citizens to read for socioeconomic development. Robust digital infrastructure particularly in disadvantaged rural communities is essential for rural villagers to access electronic information globally to support and encourage the acquisition of reading skills and habits in all communities.
Tüketicilerin Affetme Davranışı ve Kişisel Yeniliğin Hizmet Çıktısı Olarak Değiştirme Niyetine Etkisi: Online Yemek Satış Siteleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: DEMİRAĞ Fatma , SÖYLEMEZ Cevat
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma, hizmet başarısızlığına bir yanıt olarak duygusal ve kararsal affetme ve kişisel yeniliğin hizmet sağlayıcıyı değiştirme niyeti üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nicel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Veriler 339 katılımcıdan online anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Demografik verilerin analizinde SPSS 23 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Hipotezler Smart-PLS paket programları ile test edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda karasal affetme ve kişisel yeniliğin tüketicilerin hizmet çıktısı değiştirme niyeti üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Duygusal affetme davranışının ise tüketicilerin hizmet çıktısı değiştirme niyeti üzerinde olumlu etkisi olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma, hizmet hatası olaylarının yorumlanması, tüketicilerin kişisel yenilikleri ve tüketici affediciliğinin rolünün anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular uygulayıcıların artan rekabete karşı müşteri sadakati sağlayabilmeleri açısından uygun stratejiler geliştirebilmelerine yönelik çıkarımlar sağlayabilecektir.
Covid-19 e os impactos no cotidiano acadêmico e na saúde mental de discentes de enfermagem
Authors: Balieiro Max Amaral , Fonseca Lorrane Caroline Pinheiro da , Santos Mayssa Girlayne Neves dos , Santos Samilly Odenise Gama dos , Santos Gabriel Góes dos , Maciel Cátia Cilene Lopes , Araújo Asaffe Sousa , Costa Giovanni Paulo Ventura , Mata Nely Dayse Santos da , Menezes Rubens Alex de Oliveira
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: A presente pesquisa objetiva verificar o grau de saúde mental dos acadêmicos de enfermagem de uma instituição do ensino superior (IES) e a realização do ensino a distância durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, realizado na modalidade remota, com acadêmicos do curso de Enfermagem de uma IES do Amapá, sendo realizada no período de janeiro a julho de 2022. A coleta de dados se deu mediante os instrumentos: Questionário sociodemográfico e Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - Short Form (DASS-21), a análise descritiva dos dados coletados foi possível a partir da tabulação no programa editor Microsoft Office Excel® versão 2016. Resultados: Verificou-se que (68,6%) participantes são do sexo masculino, (61,4%) fazem disciplinas remotas, (50%) fazem atividades extracurriculares, (48,6%) possuem <12h semanais de lazer. Em relação ao DASS-21 (47,5%), (28,6%) e (35,7%) apresentaram ansiedade, depressão e estresse grave, respectivamente. Conclusão: Durante o período de isolamento social, os estudantes acabaram por somatizar algum grau de ansiedade, estresse e/ou depressão. No entanto, cabe ressaltar que mais estudos devem ser feitos, considerando também determinantes sociais de saúde, pois as patologias que acometem o âmbito mental são em sua maioria, multifatoriais.
Landslide Hazard Zonation Mapping using MCDM Techniques – A study over Kodagu District, Karnataka
Authors: Narayana Sreedevi , Jayaraman Karthikeyan
Published: September 2023

Landslides pose significant and recurring hazards in various parts of India, particularly during the rainy season, causing extensive damage to infrastructure and loss of life. To address this issue, it is crucial to map the hazardous zones, raise awareness among local communities and guide authorities in disaster management efforts. This study aimed to develop a landslide hazard zonation map using different thematic maps such as aspect, drainage density, geology, lineament density, land use land cover, rainfall, road network, slope and soil layers. The study employing methods such as AHP and a modified power method was based on AHP for the development of landslide hazard zonation maps. The findings indicated that the PM-AHP technique yielded superior results in identifying highly risky zones. According to this method, approximately 250.65 sq.km. of the area was classified as falling within the highly risky zone.
A GIS based Morphometric Analysis of Thamirabarani River Basin, Tuticorin district, Tamilnadu, India, using CARTOSAT-1 DEM Data and ArcGIS
Authors: Kumar Arun , Singh Kamini , Arya Ajay Kumar , Vaish Siddhant , Anis Naushi
Published: September 2023

Due to its use in numerous geological and biological contexts, morphometric analysis has drawn more attention in recent years. It offers perception into process-associated modifications together with catchment assessment, runoff, infiltration, watershed development, natural and structural frameworks. Study of the Thamirabarani river is composed of Achaean crystalline rocks in the west and tertiary and quaternary sedimentary rocks on the east coast. In the current work, a morphometric analysis of the Thamirabarani river was performed to describe the various surface processes that cut the watershed into the river topography. Catchments were defined using Cartosat data and Arc GIS 10.4.1. This study shows that the stream varied from 1 to 5 (I-357, II-89, III-21, IV-9 and V-3) orders. According to the mean bifurcation ratio, the stream is topographical and complex regulated in its shallower parts. The analyzed basin's high permeability is explained by the studied basin's low current frequency values. Plate erosion rather than channel erosion can be seen in overland flow lengths (>0.14) and rough textures can be seen in drainage patterns. Asymmetric and extended basins with neotectonic activity are indicated by analysis of measured parameters using morphometry. Therefore, various interpretations are produced based on morphometric test of the Thamirabarani stream system to help provide information pertinent to social benefits.
La dépression et le rôle de la sphère sociale
Authors: Leipner Gabriel , Crausaz Maïssane
Published: September 2023

La dépression et le rôle de la sphère sociale
Aperçu sur l’Ecstasy
Authors: Chiarotto Deborah , Rajaratnam Sineka
Published: September 2023

Aperçu sur l’Ecstasy
Trouble de personnalité borderline (TPB)
Authors: Alari Nicole , Parisi Francesca
Published: September 2023

Trouble de personnalité borderline (TPB)
Recettes : TCA's cupcakes
Authors: Mattei Lara , Mladenovic Aleksandra
Published: September 2023

Recettes : TCA's cupcakes
Les addictions
Authors: Borel Noémie , Rieder Lauréane
Published: September 2023

Les addictions
Boulimie et alcoolisme : liens réciproques
Authors: Heyer Mathilde , Prêtre Marie
Published: September 2023

Boulimie et alcoolisme : liens réciproques
Timeline des substances
Authors: Bellotti Annabelle , Rouiller Ophélie
Published: September 2023

Timeline des substances
Psychedelics in therapy
Authors: Cardoso de Oliveira Thomas , Portesan Tommaso , Caloz Yelena
Published: September 2023

Psychedelics in therapy
The impact of social networks on learning and memory processes
Authors: Petit Pauline Mathilde Marie Joseph
Published: September 2023

Learning and memory processes in the human brain are complex and dynamic, influenced by various factors, such as cognitive and neural structures and systems, as well as memory types, age, and social influences. One person's social network can have an impact on the networks of their friends and community ties. This implies that changes in an individual's neural network can originate from someone else's social network. Studies have shown that our knowledge and memories can trigger similar neural responses as those within our social circles, even among individuals with whom we do not directly communicate. The brain's capacity to encode broader social networks affects the neural patterns in friends and community ties, and vice versa.
Et si ton cerveau ressemblait à une station de ski : Création d’un support pédagogique neuro-éducatif qui permet aux élèves de 7 à 10 ans de comprendre le fonctionnement du cerveau humain
Authors: Vuille Amandine
Published: September 2023

Le présent Cortica Incubator démontre qu’il est possible de sensibiliser les jeunes enfants au fonctionnement du cerveau humain grâce à un support ludique et adapté à leur âge. « Et si ton cerveau ressemblait à une station de ski » est un support pédagogique neuroéducatif qui explique le fonctionnement cérébral au travers de la thématique du ski. L’enfant qui le découvre est invité à voyager au cœur de la station de ski de Zinal-VS. Le support contient un plan des pistes en forme de cerveau, avec des animaux de la montagne qui illustre des régions cérébrales. Des vidéos accompagnent le plan des pistes et expliquent divers fonctionnements cérébraux relier au fonctionnement de la station de ski, i.e., réseaux de neurones, synchronisation cérébrale et prise de conscience des décisions. Enfin, des abonnements de ski expliquent les différents états du cerveau (réseau de mode par défaut, réseau de saillance et réseau exécutif). Des cartes de jeux et la possibilité de gagner des médailles mettent les enfants au défi et permettent d’évaluer les connaissances de l’enfant. L’auteure, éducatrice en milieu scolaire, a pu tester le support auprès de trois classes d’élèves de 7 à 10 ans (50 élèves en tout). Cette expérience a permis aux élèves d’apprivoiser le fonctionnement de leur cerveau et son caractère ludique a été fortement apprécié par eux.
Maria Montessori: A Visionary Whose Insights Align With Neuroscience
Authors: Politi Alexandra
Published: September 2023

Maria Montessori’s approach, based on observation of and experimentation with children’s learning processes, remains one of the longest-standing and widely embraced forms of alternative education. Contemporary neuroscience research increasingly validates Montessori’s principles, yet a robust bridge between these two fields remains elusive. Factors such as differing goals, terminology and the lack of a collaborative framework hinder their synergy. This literature review explores the intersection between neuroscience findings and Montessori’s educational philosophy, structured into five key areas. The Perspective first presents various neuroscience insights: an exploration of aspects related to learning, brain development and cognition. Second, a brief background on Maria Montessori’s contributions: a historical overview of Maria Montessori's life, work and educational methodology. Third is the identification of the areas where neuroscience and Montessori principles intersect, including the importance of movement, emotional development, social learning, the role of the prepared environment, the transition from concrete to abstract concepts, self-regulation, sensitive periods and memory. Finally, while acknowledging the challenges and limitations in researching Montessori education, this review emphasises the growing evidence that supports the alignment of Montessori principles with neuroscience findings. This underscores the enduring relevance of Montessori’s holistic education approach and highlights the potential benefits of a deeper collaboration between these fields, to enhance educational practices and promote comprehensive learning experiences for children.
Comprendre et soutenir notre jeunesse dans un monde incertain
Authors: Konan Joel
Published: September 2023

Dans un souci de développement durable face à une jeunesse vulnérable dans son rapport à l’autre, comment appréhender les jeunes, comment les comprendre et comment les aider à transformer ou à corriger leur perception de "l’événement", leurs émotions, leurs comportements et pour terminer leurs systèmes de croyances ? La présente « Perspective » présentes certains outils utilisés par les éducateurs donnant à certains jeunes la possibilité de modifier leurs systèmes de croyances… et le fait de tenir quelque chose pour vrai, et ceci indépendamment des preuves éventuelles et de son existence. Une existence à fleurs de peau face à ces phénomènes provoquant aujourd’hui l’angoisse parmi des nations qui ne savent plus quoi faire face à une violence accrue : explosion démographique, inflation, catastrophes naturelles, guerres, pauvreté, et terrorisme. Nous vivons à une époque de mutations terriblement dangereuses à tous les niveaux. Il en est de même pour les personnes migrantes que pour ceux qui les accueillent. Ces éléments ont sans doute impacté mon approche au sujet des neurosciences du point de vue d’éducateur de terrain que je suis face à notre jeunesse (nos ados). Ce travail est composé en quatre parties. Il est évident que chaque partie, dans son intégralité, est unique et en même temps, chaque partie peut être une porte d’entrée dans la complexité des autres parties ou une fenêtre de perception ouvrant des perspectives d’interactions avec les quatre parties analysées dans ce document. Il est primordial de se rendre compte qu’il y a une interconnexion entre les quatre parties. Par conséquent, une fois que nous avons compris cette interconnexion, il est essentiel de travailler notre capacité à intégrer chaque élément dans notre pratique professionnelle et à améliorer l’empathie chez les parents et les personnes en charge d’enfants et d’adolescents.
How Much Can Molecular Dynamics Improve on Harmonic Analysis for Vibrational Spectrum Predictions? Insights from Microcanonical Molecular Simulations of Highly Anharmonic Water Clusters
Authors: Zhang Yuzhe , Wang Yiwen , Xu Xi , Chen Zehua , Yang Yang
Published: September 2023

Vibrational spectroscopy is widely used to gain insights into structural and dynamic properties of chemical, biological and material systems. Thus, an efficient and accurate method to simulate vibrational spectra is desired. In this paper, we propose a microcanonical molecular simulation scheme for efficient calculations of vibrational spectra of molecular clusters. Within the new scheme, we perform both harmonic analyses and molecular dynamics simulations and predict vibrational spectra of three challenging water clusters: the neutral water dimer (H4O2), the protonated water trimer (H7O3+), and the protonated water tetramer (H9O4+). We find that with the accurate description of quantum nuclear delocalization effects through the constrained nuclear-electronic orbital framework, including vibrational mode coupling effects through molecular dynamics simulations can additionally improve the vibrational spectrum calculations. In contrast, without the quantum nuclear delocalization picture, conventional ab initio molecular dynamics may even lead to less accurate results than harmonic analysis.
Unraveling the Prominent Existence of Trace Metal in Photocatalysis: Exploring Iron Impurity Effects
Authors: Huang Yahao , Wang Miao , Liu Wei , Wu Qiang , Hu Peng
Published: September 2023

Metal impurities can complicate the identification of active catalyst species in transition metal catalysis and electrocatalysis, potentially leading to misleading findings. This study investigates the influence of metal impurities on photocatalysis. Specifically, we explore the photocatalytic reaction of inert alkanes using chlorides without the use of an external photocatalyst, achieving successful C(sp3)-H functionalization. Our observations reveal that Fe and Cu impurities are challenging to avoid in a typical laboratory environment and are prominently present in normal reaction systems, and iron impurities play a dominant role in the aforementioned apparent "metal-free" reaction. Additionally, iron exhibits significantly higher catalytic activity compared to Cu, Ce, and Ni at low metal concentrations in the photocatalytic C(sp3)-H functionalization using chlorides. Considering the widespread presence of Fe and Cu impurities in typical laboratory environments, this study serves as an important reminder of their involvement in reaction processes.
Bifunctional molecules that induce targeted degradation and transcytosis of extracellular proteins in brain cells
Authors: Howell Rebecca , Wang Rinco , McDonald David , Spiegel David
Published: September 2023

We present the application of Angiopep-2 as a molecular degrader of extracellular proteins (MoDE) promoting target protein removal by both transcytosis and lysosomal degradation mechanisms in brain endothelial cells. The accumulation of pathogenic proteins is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, and removal of these species is a promising avenue for the development of novel therapies. Targeted protein degradation technologies are emerging as efficacious therapeutic strategies in a wide range of diseases. However, there are no existing methods for the degradation of extracellular proteins in the central nervous system (CNS). Angiopep-2, a brain-targeting peptide derived from aprotinin, has previously been employed as a covalent tag to facilitate receptor-mediated transcytosis of therapeutics across the blood brain barrier (BBB). MoDEs/LyTACs consisting of Angiopep-2 modified with biotin or a chloroalkane ligand triggered endocytosis of streptavidin and HaloTag protein, respectively. Interestingly, uptake occurred independently of LRP-1, which is the reported receptor for Angiopep-2. MoDE-mediated endocytosis of streptavidin in a bEnd.3 BBB model resulted in two mechanisms of protein removal: both bi-directional transcytosis and lysosomal degradation. This study demonstrates that Angiopep-2-based MoDEs can recruit, endocytose, and degrade proteins of interest in CNS cells, supporting their further development as molecular degraders of pathogenic neuroproteins.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Non-Solvated Dialkylalumanyl Anion and XPS Characterization of Al(I) and Al(II) Species
Authors: Kurumada Satoshi , Yamanashi Ryotaro , Sugita Kengo , Kubota Koji , Ito Hajime , Ikemoto Satoru , Chen Chaoqi , Moriyama Takumi , Muratsugu Satoshi , Tada Mizuki , Koitaya Takanori , Ozaki Taisuke , Yamashita Makoto
Published: September 2023

A non-solvated alkyl-substituted Al(I) anion dimer was synthesized by a reduction of haloalumane precursor using a mechanochemical method. The crystallographic and theoretical analysis revealed its structure and electronic properties. Experimental XPS analysis of the Al(I) anions with reference compounds revealed the lower Al 2p binding energy corresponds to the lower oxidation state of Al species. It should be emphasized that the experimentally obtained XPS binding energies were reproduced by delta SCF calculations and were linearly correlated with NPA charges and 2p orbital energies.
Solvent Effects and pH Dependence of the X-ray Absorption Spectra of Proline from Electrostatic Embedding Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics and Mixed-Reference Spin-Flip Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory
Authors: ALÍAS RODRÍGUEZ Marc , Bonfrate Simone , Park Woojin , Ferré Nicolas , Ho Choi Cheol , Huix-Rotllant Miquel
Published: September 2023

The accurate description of solvent effects on X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) is fundamental for comparing simulated spectra with experiments in solution. Currently, few protocols exist that can efficiently reproduce the effects of the solute/solvent interactions on XAS. Here, we develop an efficient and accurate theoretical protocol for simulating the solvent effects on XAS. The protocol combines electrostatic embedding QM/MM based on electrostatic potential fitted (ESPF) operators for describing the solute/solvent interactions and mixed-reference spin-flip time-dependent density functional theory (MRSF-TDDFT) for simulating accurate XAS spectra. To demonstrate the capabilities of our protocol, we compute the X-ray absorption of neutral proline in the gas phase and ionic proline in water in all relevant K-edges, showing an excellent agreement with experiments. We show that states represented by core to $\pi^*$ transitions are almost unaffected by the interaction with water, whereas the core to $\sigma^*$ transitions are more impacted by the fluctuation of proline structure and the electrostatic interaction with the solvent. Finally, we reconstruct the pH-dependent X-ray absorption spectra of proline in solution, determining that the N K-edge can be used to distinguish its three protonation states.
One-pot Reduction of Nitrostyrenes to Phenethylamines using Sodium Borohydride and Copper(II) chloride
Authors: d'Andrea Laura , L. Kristensen Jesper
Published: September 2023

The preparation of phenethylamines and phenylisoproylamines of scientific relevance can be achieved with a NaBH4/CuCl2 system in 10 to 30 minutes via reduction of substituted β-nitrostyrenes. The method also reduces nitrobenzene and methyl benzoate in 92 to 97% yields, respectively, while has no effect on benzoic acid, benzaldehyde, and aromatic halides. This one-pot procedure allows the isolation of substituted β-nitrostyrene scaffolds up to 83% yield under mild conditions, without the need for special precautions, inert atmosphere, and time-consuming purification techniques.
Electrocatalytic Semi-Hydrogenation of Terminal Alkynes using Ligand-Based Transfer of Protons and Electrons
Authors: Czaikowski Maia , Anferov Sophie , Tascher Alex , Anderson John
Published: September 2023

Alkyne semi-hydrogenation is a broadly important transformation in chemical synthesis. Here, we introduce an electrochemical method for the selective semi-hydrogenation of terminal alkynes using a dihydrazonopyrrole Ni complex capable of storing an H2 equivalent (2H+ + 2e–) on the ligand backbone. This method is chemoselective for the semi-hydrogenation of terminal alkynes over internal alkynes or alkenes. Mechanistic studies reveal that the transformation is concerted and Z-selective. Calculations support a ligand-based hydrogen-atom transfer pathway instead of a hydride mechanism which is commonly invoked for transition metal hydrogenation catalysts. The synthesis of proposed intermediates demonstrates that the catalytic mechanism proceeds through a reduced formally Ni(I) species. The high yields for terminal alkene products without overreduction or oligomerization are among the best reported for any homogeneous catalyst. Furthermore, the metal-ligand cooperative hydrogen transfer enabled with this system directs the efficient flow of H-atom equivalents toward alkyne reduction rather than hydrogen evolution, providing a blueprint for applying similar strategies towards a wide range of electroreductive transformations.
Long-term continuous degradation of carbon nanotubes by a bacteria-driven Fenton reaction
Authors: Takahashi Seira , Hori Katsutoshi
Published: September 2023

Very few bacteria are known that can degrade carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and the only known degradation mechanism is a Fenton reaction driven by Labrys sp. WJW with siderophores, which only occurs under iron-deficient conditions. No useful information is available on the degradation rates or long-term stability and continuity of the degradation reaction although several months or more are needed for CNT degradation. In this study, we investigated long-term continuous degradation of oxidized (carboxylated) single-walled CNTs (O-SWCNTs) using bacteria of the genus Shewanella. These bacteria are widely present in the environment and can drive the Fenton reaction by alternating anaerobic-aerobic growth conditions under more general environmental conditions. We first examined the effect of O-SWCNTs on the growth of S. oneidensis MR-1, and it was revealed that O-SWCNTs promote growth up to 30 μg/mL but inhibit growth at 40 μg/mL and above. Then, S. oneidensis MR-1 was subjected to incubation cycles consisting of 21-h anaerobic and 3-h aerobic periods in the presence of 30 μg/mL O-SWCNTs and 10 mM Fe(III) citrate. We determined key factors that help prolong the bacteria-driven Fenton reaction and finally achieved long-term continuous degradation of O-SWCNTs over 90 d. By maintaining a near neutral pH and replenishing Fe(III) citrate at 60 d, a degraded fraction of 56.3% was reached. S. oneidensis MR-1 produces Fe(II) from Fe(III) citrate, a final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration during the anaerobic period. Then, ·OH is generated through the Fenton reaction by Fe(II) and H2O2 produced by MR-1 during the aerobic period. ·OH was responsible for O-SWCNT degradation, which was inhibited by scavengers of H2O2 and ·OH. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the graphitic structure in O-SWCNTs was oxidized, and electron microscopy showed that long CNT fibers initially aggregated and became short and isolated during degradation. Since Shewanella spp. and iron are ubiquitous in the environment, this study suggests that a Fenton reaction driven by this genus is applicable to the degradation of CNTs under a wide range of conditions and will help researchers develop novel methods for waste treatment and environmental bioremediation against CNTs.