bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are Physical Activity and Benefits Maintained After Long-Term Telerehabilitation in COPD?
Authors: Hoaas Hanne , Morseth Bente , Holland Anne E. , Zanaboni Paolo
Published: December 2016

This study investigated whether physical activity levels and other outcomes were maintained at 1-year from completion of a 2-year telerehabilitation intervention in COPD. During the post-intervention year, nine patients with COPD (FEV1 % of pred. 42.4±19.8%; age 58.1±6 years) were encouraged to exercise on a treadmill at home and monitor daily symptoms and training sessions on a webpage as during the intervention. Participants were not provided supervision or motivational support. Physical activity levels decreased from 3,806 steps/day to 2,817 steps/day (p= 0.039). There was a decline in time spent on light physical activity (p=0.009), but not on moderate-to-vigorous activity (p=0.053). Adherence to registration of symptoms and training sessions decreased significantly. Other outcomes including health status, quality of life, anxiety and depression, self-efficacy, and healthcare utilization did not change significantly. In conclusion, provision of equipment for self-management and unsupervised home exercise might not be enough to maintain physical activity levels.
Delivering an In-Home Exercise Program via Telerehabilitation: A Pilot Study of Lung Transplant Go (LTGO)
Authors: Choi JiYeon , Hergenroeder Andrea L. , Burke Lora , Dabbs Annette DeVito , Morrell Matthew , Saptono Andi , Parmanto Bambang
Published: December 2016

We evaluated the feasibility, safety, system usability, and intervention acceptability of Lung Transplant Go (LTGO), an 8-week in-home exercise intervention for lung transplant recipients using a telerehabilitation platform, and described changes in physical function and physical activity from baseline to post-intervention. The intervention was delivered to lung transplant recipients in their home via the Versatile and Integrated System for TeleRehabilitation (VISYTER). The intervention focused on aerobic and strengthening exercises tailored to baseline physical function. Participants improved walk distance (6-minute walk distance), balance (Berg Balance Scale), lower body strength (30-second chair stand test) and steps walked (SenseWear Armband®). No adverse events were reported. Participants rated the program highly positively in regard to the technology and intervention. The telerehabilitation exercise program was feasible, safe, and acceptable. Our findings provide preliminary support for the LTGO intervention to improve physical function and promote physical activity in lung transplant recipients.
Influence of Smartphones and Software on Acoustic Voice Measures.
Authors: Grillo Elizabeth U. , Brosious Jenna N. , Sorrell Staci L. , Anand Supraja
Published: December 2016

This study assessed the within-subject variability of voice measures captured using different recording devices (i.e., smartphones and head mounted microphone) and software programs (i.e., Analysis of Dysphonia in Speech and Voice (ADSV), Multi-dimensional Voice Program (MDVP), and Praat).  Correlations between the software programs that calculated the voice measures were also analyzed.  Results demonstrated no significant within-subject variability across devices and software and that some of the measures were highly correlated across software programs.  The study suggests that certain smartphones may be appropriate to record daily voice measures representing the effects of vocal loading within individuals.  In addition, even though different algorithms are used to compute voice measures across software programs, some of the programs and measures share a similar relationship.
Computer Literacy and Health Locus of Control as Determinants for Readiness and Acceptability of Telepractice in a Head and Neck Cancer Population
Authors: Cartmill Bena , Wall Laurelie R. , Ward Elizabeth C. , Hill Anne J. , Porceddu Sandro V.
Published: December 2016

Understanding end-user populations is required in designing telepractice applications. This study explored computer literacy and health locus of control in head/neck cancer (HNC) patients to inform suitability for telerehabilitation. Sixty individuals with oropharygneal cancer were recruited. Computer literacy was examined using a 10-question survey. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form C (MHLC-C) examined perceptions of health “control”.  Participants were mostly middle-aged males, from high socioeconomic backgrounds. Only 10% were non-computer users. Of the computers users, 91% reported daily use, 66% used multiple devices and over 75% rated themselves as “confident” users. More than half were open to using technology for health-related activities. High internal scores (MHLC-C) signified a belief that own behaviour influenced health status.  HNC patients have high computer literacy and an internal health locus of control, both are positive factors to support telepractice models of care. This may include asynchronous models requiring heightened capacity for self-management.
Telerehabilitation Solution Conceptual Paper for Community-Based Rehabilitation of Patients Discharged after Critical Illness
Authors: Tsavourelou Aphrodite , Stylianides Nikolas , Papadopoulos Andreas , Dikaiakos Marios D. , Nanas Serafeim , Kyprianoy Theodoros , Tokmakidis Savvas P.
Published: December 2016

A novel service oriented platform has been developed under the framework of the Telerehabilitation Service funded by the Cross Border Cooperation Programme Greece Cyprus 2007 – 2013 to support tele-supervised exercise rehabilitation for patients after hospitalization in intensive care units (ICU). The platform enables multiparty, interregional bidirectional audio/visual communication between clinical practitioners and post-ICU patients. It also enables patient group-based vital sign real time monitoring, patients’ clinical record bookkeeping, and individualized and group-based patient online exercise programs. The exercise programs intended for the service are based on successful cardiorespiratory rehabilitation programs, individualized and monitored by a multidisciplinary team. The eligibility study of former ICU patients to participate in such a service as well as a cost benefit analysis are presented to support the cost effectiveness of the telerehabilitation program in addition to the expected health benefits to a large proportion of former ICU patients.
Editors' Note
Authors: Cohn Ellen R. , Cason Jana
Published: December 2016

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DIMENSÕES SÓCIO-EDUCATIVAS DO TEATRO DO OPRIMIDO: CULTURA, TEATRO E EDUCAÇÃO POPULARES
Authors: Alochio Thiago De Oliveira
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo divide-se em duas partes: uma discussão com base em aportes teóricos e um relato de uma experiência. Partindo de uma breve narrativa histórica sobre o conceito de cultura popular enquanto uma categoria intelectual, presente em alguns movimentos sociais de esquerda brasileiros durante as décadas de 50 e 60, destaca a importância deste conceito em Augusto Boal. Em seguida, caracteriza o Teatro do Oprimido (TO) dentro de uma determinada tradição de teatro popular, o teatro político. Por fim, relata uma experiência num curso de formação no Centro de Teatro do Oprimido, onde discute-se também o que vem a ser “opressão” e como alguns potenciais educativos do TO têm contribuído para repensar a educação popular no contexto atual e ampliar as possibilidades do fazer pedagógico em geral.
PROCESSOS FORMATIVOS NA REDE COQUE VIVE (Recife-PE): CONTRIBUIÇÕES TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICAS PARA A EDUCOMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Andrade-Duvernoy Doriele
Published: December 2016

Este artigo versa sobre os elementos formativos identificados nas atividades desenvolvidas pela rede associacionista Rede Coque Vive (RCV). O trabalho de tese desenvolvido analisou a formação do educomunicador, questionando os contextos de formação e práticas educomunicativas. Buscamos saber de que maneira as interações entre os membros RCV constituem um espaço-meio de formação do educomunicador e como a RCV se apresenta como um veículo de circulação e apropriação de conhecimentos em educomunicação. Adotamos os princípios do estudo de caso etnográfico, os dados foram obtidos a partir de entrevistas, de questionários, de análise documental e de observação. Constatamos que as atividades educomunicativas presentes na RCV contribuem para a formação de educomunicadores e para o protagonismo juvenil. Esses conhecimentos não são apenas relacionados à apropriação de conteúdos, mas a outros elementos que fornecem a base para o conhecimento da educomunicação e refletem na formação humana.
Inovar para Evoluir
Authors: Bohomol Elena
Published: December 2016

Editorial
Capacitação em cirurgia robótica no programa de residência em enfermagem perioperatória
Authors: Sousa Cristina Silva , Bispo Daniela Magalhaes , Cunha Ana Lucia Silva Mirancos
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Desenvolver um programa de treinamento para enfermeiros residentes em cirurgia robótica. Método: Trata‑se de um relato de experiênciaem um hospital filantrópico privado de grande porte no município de São Paulo. Para o programa de residência em Enfermagem foi desenvolvido um treinamentopara enfermeiras residentes com foco na especialização em cirurgia robótica com carga teórico‑prática para o sistema do robô Da Vinci. Resultados:As enfermeiras residentes desenvolveram o conhecimento cognitivo com o treinamento virtual e a habilidade técnica durante a simulação com o manuseiodo robô, dos instrumentais e dos equipamentos. Foram liberadas para iniciação prática com supervisão de enfermeiro especialista até que possuam segurançana execução do procedimento de montagem do robô Da Vinci. Conclusão: O treinamento foi avaliado pelas residentes como satisfatório para aquisição deconhecimento teórico‑prático. A capacitação de profissionais especialistas em cirurgia robótica é um diferencial na residência de Enfermagem perioperatória.Palavras‑chave: Enfermagem perioperatória. Treinamento por simulação. Procedimentos cirúrgicos robóticos. Educação em Enfermagem. Internato não médico.
Tendências e desafios do preparo cirúrgico das mãos
Authors: Kawagoe Julia Yaeko
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Descrever tendências e desafios no preparo cirúrgico das mãos. Método: Revisão de literatura narrativa, consulta aos manuais internacionaise nacionais atuais, além de consulta à Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, e ao portal BVS, à base de dados LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, NursingReference Center e SciELO, utilizando os descritores: Desinfecção das Mãos, Salas Cirúrgicas; Hand Disinfection, Operating Rooms; Desinfección de las Manos,Quirófanos e conectores booleanos AND/OR no período entre 2006 e 2016. Resultados: Foram consultados cinco manuais sobre preparo cirúrgico dasmãos; duas normatizações de avaliação de produtos para preparo cirúrgico das mãos. Dos 22 artigos identificados na busca, foram selecionados sete: quatrorevisões de literatura, sendo três revisões sistemáticas; e três estudos avaliando o custo e a sustentabilidade ecológica. Conclusão: Nas últimas décadas,houve grandes mudanças quanto ao tipo de produto antisséptico — favorecendo o uso de preparação alcoólica (PA), sem o uso de água e escova, representandocusto-efetividade e sustentabilidade ecológica quando comparada aos procedimentos tradicionais como a degermação cirúrgica das mãos comPolivinilpirrolidona Iodo (PVP-I) ou Gluconato de Clorexedina (CHG). Para incorporar melhores práticas baseadas em evidências científicas, deve-se adotarabordagem programática, implementar políticas e programas que regem os processos e produtos utilizados, bem como o controle desse cumprimento.Palavras-chave: Desinfecção de mãos. Salas cirúrgicas. Higiene das mãos.
Impacto das alterações das estruturas do sistema estomatognático na deglutição de idosos acamados
Authors: Olchik Maira Rozenfeld , Ayre Annelise , Signorini Alana Verza , Flores Leticia Sousa
Published: December 2016

O envelhecimento pode provocar modificações morfofisiológicas causadas pelo acúmulo de danos o longo da vida. Em relação aos aspectos do sistema estomatognático, observam-se alterações tanto nas estruturas como nas suas funções. Dessa forma, este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a relação entre as alterações das estruturas do sistema sensório-motor oral e as alterações de deglutição em idosos acamados de uma instituição de longa permanência. O estudo foi do tipo transversal. Para avaliação, foi utilizado o Protocolo de Avaliação Clínica no Leito Elisabete Carrara-de-Angelis. Realizou-se a avaliação das estruturas com base na observação e verificação da tonicidade, mobilidade e sensibilidade, assim como a observação das funções a partir do acompanhamento durante as refeições. A amostra foi composta por 39 idosos, sendo 53,8% (21) do sexo masculino, a média de idade foi de 82,8 anos (±10,7). Em relação à prevalência da classificação da função de deglutição, foi observado que dezesseis idosos (41,0%) apresentaram deglutição normal, quatro (10,3%) alteração de deglutição e dezenove (48,7) disfagia. Verificou--se relação significativa entre sensibilidade, mobilidade e tonicidade de bochecha, sensibilidade de lábios, tônus de língua e mobilidade de mandíbula com disfagia. Além disso, verificou-se relação significativa entre o sexo feminino e a disfagia. O presente estudo demonstrou relação significativa entre alterações de deglutição e as estruturas do sistema estomatognático.
Violência contra o idoso: uma análise documental preliminar de denúncias no município de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Maia Rodrigo Da Silva , Ferreira Camomila Lira , Maia Eulália Maria Chaves
Published: December 2016

O número de idosos está crescendo em uma escala sem precedentes na história da humanidade. Dentro desse contexto, a violência perpetrada contra o idoso come¬ça a ganhar visibilidade. Este estudo está sendo realizado no município de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, e objetiva descrever as denúncias de violência praticada con¬tra essa população com base na análise dos documentos do Programa SOS Idoso, os dados parciais são referentes aos anos 2004 e 2005. Esta pesquisa é de caráter transversal, descritivo, retrospectivo e do¬cumental. Entre os resultados mais relevan¬tes, tem-se que uma parcela dos idosos que sofrem agressão é do sexo feminino e que a violência, em sua maioria, é perpetrada por familiares. Por se tratar de dados par¬ciais, as informações apresentadas não per¬mitem afirmações conclusivas. Todavia, os achados ajudam a perceber a gravidade do problema e para orientar as proposições de ações assistenciais no âmbito de políticas públicas de saúde e sociais que visem pre¬venção e proteção integral ao idoso.
Unraveling a Tradition, or Spinning a Myth? Gender Critique in Czech Society and Culture
Authors: Oates-Indruchová Libora
Published: December 2016

The hostility that met feminist ideas and gender equality issues in east central Europe (ECE) after the demise of the Communist regimes was accompanied by a notion that feminism wasimportedto these societies after 1989. In the Czech Republic, the record of the publishing output by feminist scholars in the 1990s, however, speaks against this myth. Drawing on existing scholarship and the author's own research on cultural discourses of gender and on socialist state science policies and censorship, this article argues that there has been a long tradition of gender critique that was present in a variety of discourses even during late state socialism. It proposes that the feminist impulse began in the 19th century and continued in some form throughout the 20th century. It then examines how the myth of the feminist import came to exist and what were the possible sources of the hostility toward feminism in the 1990s.
Mapeamento e caracterização dos sistemas ambientais da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Mundaú - PE/AL
Authors: Gomes Daniel Dantas Moreira , Lima Djenane Regina Maia de , Duarte Cynthia Romariz , Veríssimo César Ulisses Vieira
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho objetivou elaborar o mapeamento e caracterização dos sistemas ambientais da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Mundaú, localizada entre a mesorregião do Agreste Pernambucano e o Leste Alagoano. Para tanto, foram utilizadas técnicas de Geoprocessamento, Sensoriamento Remoto e trabalhos de campo para elaboração do mapeamento dos sistemas ambientais na mencionada bacia hidrográfica, a partir da sistematização e da inter-relação que se dá entre Sociedade-Natureza na perspectiva do uso racional dos sistemas ambientais, levando em consideração as potencialidades e limitações. Os resultados nos permitem analisar de forma integrada a natureza, frente aos mais diversos processos de uso e ocupação da terra, servindo como base para um diagnóstico geoambiental.
PORQUE O NORDESTE PRODUZ SAL MARINHO? Estudo analógico do potencial do clima
Authors: Diniz Marco Túlio Mendonça , Vasconcelos Fábio Perdigão
Published: December 2016

A região conhecida como Costa Semiárida Brasileira (CSB) - trecho que se estende do Golfo do Maranhão ao Cabo do Calcanhar (RN) - produz cerca de 98% do sal marinho do país, o objetivo do trabalho foi investigar quais os parâmetros meteorológico-climático condicionam o maior potencial para a produção de sal marinho na Costa Semiárida Brasileira, especialmente numa região do estado do Rio Grande do Norte que produz cerca de 95% do total nacional. Analisou-se de todos os parâmetros do clima em todas as estações com informações disponíveis localizadas na Costa Semiárida Brasileira onde predominam os climas semiáridos e semiúmidos, nestes subtipos de clima se produz cerca de 98% do sal marinho brasileiro, além disso foi delimitada a duração da estação chuvosa, utilizando a metodologia de Gaussen e Bagnouls. Após a análise dos sistemas atmosféricos atuantes e das normais do clima conclui-se que, do ponto de vista climático, os dois trechos côncavos da CSB são os de maior potencial para a produção de sal marinho, pois neles é menor a taxa de precipitação e a umidade relativa do ar, sendo maior a velocidade dos ventos e a temperatura, o que concorre para serem maiores também as taxas de evaporação da água. A situação é tanto mais favorável na Costa Branca, especialmente no Rio Grande do Norte, e de forma ainda mais marcante na região de Macau, onde todos os principais indicadores apontam para um maior potencial para a produção de sal marinho dessa área. 
Democracia, argumentación e ideologías jurídicas | Democracy, Argumentation and Legal Ideologies
Authors: Cabra Apalategui Jose Manuel
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN. Este trabajo analiza la relación de la democracia y la argumentación jurídica desde diversas perspectivas. En primer lugar, desde un punto de vista externo, que apunta al fundamento político y moral de las corrientes argumentativas dentro de la Filosofía del Derecho. En segundo lugar, aborda esta relación desde un punto de vista interno, analizando el papel del principio democrático en el marco de un modelo general de racionalidad argumentativa. Y, por último, pretende hacer una caracterización de las teorías/ideologías jurídicas en el contexto de la democracia constitucional.  ABSTRACT. This paper analyzes from varied perspectives the relation between democracy and legal argumentation. First, from an external point of view, that points to the political and moral foundations of the argumentative currents of Philosophy of Law. Secondly, it aproaches this relation from an internal point of view, inquiring into the rol of the democratic principle within a general model of argumentative rationlity. And, last, it pretends to characterize the various legal theories/ideologies in the context of constitucional democracy.
La teoría fuerte de los derechos sociales: reconstrucción y crítica | The Strong Theory of Social Rights: Reconstruction and Criticism
Authors: Peña Freire Antonio
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN. En este artículo es objeto de análisis la teoría fuerte de los derechos sociales, que es presentada como una teoría unificadora del fundamento, la estructura normativa y los procedimientos de garantía de los diversos tipos de derechos y, en particular, de derechos sociales y de libertad. La teoría es objeto de una serie de consideraciones críticas que apuntan a algunos de sus presupuestos éticos, a sus consecuencias político-constitucionales, a sus problemáticos efectos económicos, al modo en que reconstruye la estructura normativa de los derechos que se considera deficiente y al modelo de garantía judicial propuesto para los derechos sociales que se reputa contraproducente.   ABSTRACT. The topic of this article is the strong theory of social rights, which is described as an unifying theory on the grounds, the normative structure and the procedures for protecting different types of rights and, in particular, social rights and liberty rights. Some aspects of that theory are criticized, namely, some of its moral assumptions, its political and constitutional consequences, its troublesome economic effects, the way it presents the normative structure of rights which is considered flawed, and the model of judicial guarantee proposed for social rights which it is said to be counterproductive.
La naturaleza del mal en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt | The nature of evil in Hannah Arendt’s thinking
Authors: Hermida del Llano María Cristina
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN. La cuestión del mal ocupa un lugar central en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt al constituir un concepto transversal que recorre todos sus trenes de pensamiento. Se somete a análisis la “naturaleza del mal” a través del estudio de su obra y de su propia experiencia vital, especialmente al cubrir el juicio de Eichmann en Jerusalén, donde ella afirmaría que éste representaba “la banalidad del mal”. Se trata de averiguar si en su particular concepción del mal influyó Voltaire, por qué surge el mal, por qué se manifiesta de forma permanente en la historia y si puede ser destruido   ABSTRACT. The topic of evil has a central place in Hannah Arendt’s thinking as it lies at the core of all her trains of thought. We analyze the “nature of evil” in Hannah Arendt’s philosophy through the study of her work and of her life experience, especially when she covered the trial of Eichmann in Jerusalem where she pointed out that Eichmann represented “the banality of evil”. Our goal in this contribution is to understand whether the philosophy of Voltaire could have influenced Arendt’s conception of evil, why it arises, why it persists throughout history, and whether it can be destroyed
Exclusión Financiera, Vulnerabilidad y Subordiscriminación. Análisis crítico sobre el derecho al acceso a servicios bancarios básicos en la Unión Europea | Financial Exclusion, Vulnerability and Subordiscrimination. Critical analysis on the right to acces
Authors: De la Cruz-Ayuso Cristina
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN. Este artículo analiza el fenómeno de la exclusión financiera desde las coordenadas del concepto de subordiscriminación. De manera específica, analiza si el marco normativo europeo encaminado a garantizar el derecho al acceso de los servicios bancarios básicos contiene elementos que pueden conducir a la subordiscriminación, derivados de su ambigüedad y de los límites que impone. En primer lugar, ofrece una revisión de la literatura que aporta datos sobre la exclusión y la discriminación en este ámbito. En segundo lugar, analiza la Directiva Europea de Cuentas de Pago 2014/92/UE. Finalmente, se detiene en el examen de la Comunicación Nº 10/1997, Ziad Ben Ahmed Habassi c. Dinamarca (CERD/C/54/D/10/1997) relativa a la denegación de préstamos bancarios a no ciudadanos.   ABSTRACT. This article analyses the phenomenon of financial exclusion from the perspective of the concept of subordiscrimination. More specifically, it analyses whether the European regulatory framework aimed at ensuring this right contains elements that can lead to the discrimination, arising from its ambiguity and the limits it imposes. First, it presents a review of the literature that provides data on exclusion and discrimination. Second, it analyses the European Directive on Payment Accounts 2014/92/UE. Finally, it focuses on the examination of the Communication Nº 10/1997, Ziad Ben Ahmed Habassi c. Denmark (CERD/C/54/D/10/1997) concerning the refusal of bank loans to non-citizens.
La filosofía del derecho mexicana en la era del constitucionalismo
Authors: Ortega García Ramón
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN: En este trabajo el autor presenta, en un primer momento, las principales características del modelo constitucional mexicano emergente como detonante de importantes cambios a nivel del ordenamiento jurídico, los mismos que demandan una concepción del derecho diferente a las anteriores para dar cuenta de la nueva realidad normativa del país. El autor describe, después, los elementos más destacables de ese virtual enfoque filosófico y sostiene, al final, que éste mantiene mayor cercanía con el llamado constitucionalismo pospositivista o pospositivismo jurídico de autores como Atienza, Alexy, Nino y otros, que con el constitucionalismo iuspositivista de Ferrajoli. ABSTRACT: The author of this paper presents, in the first place, the main features of the new constitutional model that has been rising in the last few years in Mexico and the way it has changed the Mexican legal system. The author claims these changes are in need for a new legal conception different from others in the past and describes its core elements. Then he argues about the connection between this new philosophy and the non-legal positivism approach of modern constitutionalists such as Atienza, Alexy and Nino,
La doble ineficacia de la tortura | The Double Ineffectiveness of Torture
Authors: Garcia Civico Jesus
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN. El propósito de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre la ineficacia del derecho a no sufrir torturas y también sobre la ineficacia del recurso (ilegal) a la tortura. En el primer caso, se estudian las distintas formas de ineficacia: casos de tortura, impunidad, ausencia de investigaciones eficaces. Al mismo tiempo, se repasa la actualidad de los mecanismos de eficacia de este derecho. En el segundo supuesto, se analizan los últimos informes sobre el fracaso del recurso a la tortura en la llamada «lucha contra el terror».   ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study is to reflect about the ineffectiveness of the right not to suffer torture and also the ineffectiveness of (illegal) recourse to torture. In the first case, the different forms of ineffectiveness are analyzed: cases of torture, impunity, lack of effective investigations. At the same time, it reviews the current mechanisms of effectiveness of this right. In the second case, the latest reports on the failure to use torture in the so-called "fight against terror" are analyzed.
La indefinición semántica de la expresión “justicia ambiental” y sus comprensibles circunstancias estratégicas | The Semantic Lack of Definition of The Expression “Environmental Justice” and his Understandable Strategic Circumstances
Authors: Ruiz Sanz Mario
Published: December 2016

RESUMEN. “Justicia ambiental” es un binomio léxico complejo formado por un sustantivo (justicia) y un adjetivo (ambiental), lo cual no significa ni supone la prioridad o consecuente sumisión semántica de un té????????entescciado por un sustantivo (justicia) y un adjetivo (ambiental) que no supone la sumisiérmino sobre el otro, sino al contrario: la interacción e interdependencia de los componentes lingüísticos de la expresión refleja una predisposición del estado de ánimo e incluso una intención favorable u optimista hacia su aceptación incondicionada por parte de todos, sin tener en cuenta la conveniencia de incidir en su contenido, equívoco o difuso en muchas ocasiones, bajo la necesaria observación de la evolución histórica del concepto desde un planteamiento político, social y jurídico.  ABSTRACT. “Environmental justice” is a lexical binomial complex formed by a noun (justice) and a adjective (environmental), which neither means does not even suppose the priority or consistent semantic submission of a term to other one, but on the contrary: the interaction and interdependence of the linguistic components of the expression reflects a predisposition of the state of mind and even a favorable or optimistic intention towards his acceptance undetermined on the part of all, without bearing in mind the convenience of affecting in his content, pun or fuzzy in many occasions, under the necessary observation of the historical evolution of the concept from a political, social and juridical exposition.
Datos del número 34 de CEFD
Authors: Editorial CEFD Gestión
Published: December 2016

Datos del número 34 de CEFD
CCR5 is a suppressor for cortical plasticity and hippocampal learning and memory
Authors: Zhou Miou , Greenhill Stuart , Huang Shan , Silva Tawnie K , Sano Yoshitake , Wu Shumin , Cai Ying , Nagaoka Yoshiko , Sehgal Megha , Cai Denise J , Lee Yong-Seok , Fox Kevin , Silva Alcino J
Published: December 2016

Although the role of CCR5 in immunity and in HIV infection has been studied widely, its role in neuronal plasticity, learning and memory is not understood. Here, we report that decreasing the function of CCR5 increases MAPK/CREB signaling, long-term potentiation (LTP), and hippocampus-dependent memory in mice, while neuronal CCR5 overexpression caused memory deficits. Decreasing CCR5 function in mouse barrel cortex also resulted in enhanced spike timing dependent plasticity and consequently, dramatically accelerated experience-dependent plasticity. These results suggest that CCR5 is a powerful suppressor for plasticity and memory, and CCR5 over-activation by viral proteins may contribute to HIV-associated cognitive deficits. Consistent with this hypothesis, the HIV V3 peptide caused LTP, signaling and memory deficits that were prevented by Ccr5 knockout or knockdown. Overall, our results demonstrate that CCR5 plays an important role in neuroplasticity, learning and memory, and indicate that CCR5 has a role in the cognitive deficits caused by HIV.
Hypoxic mitophagy regulates mitochondrial quality and platelet activation and determines severity of I/R heart injury
Authors: Zhang Weilin , Ren He , Xu Chunling , Zhu Chongzhuo , Wu Hao , Liu Dong , Wang Jun , Liu Lei , Li Wei , Ma Qi , Du Lei , Zheng Ming , Zhang Chuanmao , Liu Junling , Chen Quan
Published: December 2016

Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies many prevalent diseases including heart disease arising from acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here, we demonstrate that mitophagy, which selectively removes damaged or unwanted mitochondria, regulated mitochondrial quality and quantity in vivo. Hypoxia induced extensive mitochondrial degradation in a FUNDC1-dependent manner in platelets, and this was blocked by in vivo administration of a cell-penetrating peptide encompassing the LIR motif of FUNDC1 only in wild-type mice. Genetic ablation of Fundc1 impaired mitochondrial quality and increased mitochondrial mass in platelets and rendered the platelets insensitive to hypoxia and the peptide. Moreover, hypoxic mitophagy in platelets protected the heart from worsening of I/R injury. This represents a new mechanism of the hypoxic preconditioning effect which reduces I/R injury. Our results demonstrate a critical role of mitophagy in mitochondrial quality control and platelet activation, and suggest that manipulation of mitophagy by hypoxia or pharmacological approaches may be a novel strategy for cardioprotection.
Publication bias and the canonization of false facts
Authors: Nissen Silas Boye , Magidson Tali , Gross Kevin , Bergstrom Carl T
Published: December 2016

Science is facing a “replication crisis” in which many experimental findings cannot be replicated and are likely to be false. Does this imply that many scientific facts are false as well? To find out, we explore the process by which a claim becomes fact. We model the community’s confidence in a claim as a Markov process with successive published results shifting the degree of belief. Publication bias in favor of positive findings influences the distribution of published results. We find that unless a sufficient fraction of negative results are published, false claims frequently can become canonized as fact. Data-dredging, p-hacking, and similar behaviors exacerbate the problem. Should negative results become easier to publish as a claim approaches acceptance as a fact, however, true and false claims would be more readily distinguished. To the degree that the model reflects the real world, there may be serious concerns about the validity of purported facts in some disciplines.
On the polysemy of Spanish spatial Ps
Authors: Ursini Francesco , Giannella Adriano
Published: December 2016

The goal of this paper is to investigate the polysemy of Spanish spatial prepositions (a, en, hacia, among others), and offer a syntactic and semantic treatment of this phenomenon. The core idea behind this account is that these prepositions can denote sets of possible locations that are involved in spatial relations. Consequently, the compositional interaction of polysemous prepositions with other parts of speech can determine which specific sense emerges in a sentence. The analysis is couched in a Type-Logical Grammar approach. It addresses data that have not previously been analysed in the literature, involving so-called Boolean constructions (e.g. en la estación y la calle). Also, the paper shows that a single treatment can capture all the relevant data. Therefore, the analysis shows that polysemy is a grammar phenomenon that is better accounted for in architectures with a distinct syntactic/derivational component (e.g. Distributed Morphology), than in architectures lacking this component (e.g. Cognitive Linguistics approaches). Consequences for a theory of grammar are discussed.
Limitations of the influence of English phonetics and phonology on L2 Spanish rhotics
Authors: Olsen Michael Kevin
Published: December 2016

This study investigates L2 Spanish rhotic production in intermediate learners of Spanish, specifically addressing the duration of the influence of L1 English rhotic articulations and a phonetic environment involving English taps on the acquisition of Spanish taps and trills that Olsen (2012) found. Results from multiple linear regressions involving thirty-five students in Spanish foreign language classes show that the effect of English rhotic articulations evident in beginners has disappeared after four semesters of Spanish study. However, results from paired samples t-tests show that these more advanced learners produced accurate taps significantly more in words containing phonetic environments that produce taps in English. This effect is taken as evidence that L1 phonetic influences have a shorter duration on L2 production than do L1 phonological influences. These results provide insights into L2 rhotic acquisition which Spanish educators and students can use to formulate reasonable pronunciation expectations.
Helsesøstres utfordringer for å fremme elevenes psykiske helse
Authors: Larsen Monica Holm , Christiansen Bjørg , Kvarme Lisbeth Gravdal
Published: December 2016

Challenges school nurses have to promote students’ mental healthThe school is an important arena for promoting students' mental health. Prevalence of mental health problems among young people is of concern, and focusing on prevention efforts in schools has been considered to be important. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain further insight into how collaboration between school nurses and teachers can promote students' mental health. This article is based on four interviews with school nurses from secondary and high school. The school nurses highlighted the importance of establishing themselves as visible partners for teachers, while at the same time providing low threshold for services to students. Factors like lack of time and the location of the school nurse’s office, created tension and influenced their work. Much of the work concerning students' mental health was experienced as "fire fighting", while they instead wanted to emphasize health promotion and primary prevention efforts on class and group levels.
Pårørende i psykiatrien; fortid, nutid og fremtid – et forskningsoprids
Authors: Eckardt Jens Peter
Published: December 2016

Caregivers of persons with mental illness: a look into past, present and future researchThe purpose of this article is to summarize the author's presentation on caregivers in psychiatry, held at the University of Copenhagen in March of 2016. The purpose of the lecture was to provide an outline of the history of the research focusing on caregivers of persons with mental illness, with some predictions of how future research in this field may be conducted. A secondary purpose was to raise awareness of the role caregivers can play in psychiatry, which over time has not been a major subject in the field of research.
Phase-coherent transfer and retrieval of terahertz frequency standard over 20 km optical fiber with 4 × 10−18 accuracy
Authors: Nagano Shigeo , Kumagai Motohiro , Ito Hiroyuki , Kajita Masatoshi , Hanado Yuko
Published: December 2016

We demonstrate a terahertz (THz) frequency reference transfer with high accuracy and stability. Phase information of the THz frequency standard is coherently duplicated onto an optical carrier as an intermediary for exploiting low-loss optical-fiber technology. The transferred information on the optical carrier is retrieved into the THz domain without phase decoherence. The THz reference transfer system, which comprises frequency-comb-based THz-to-optical and optical-to-THz synthesizers connected by a 20 km phase-noise-compensated fiber, is operated with 4 × 10−18 fractional frequency accuracy at 0.3 THz. This THz reference transfer is available for the remote frequency calibration of diverse instruments working in the THz region.
Analogue spin–orbit torque device for artificial-neural-network-based associative memory operation
Authors: Borders William A. , Akima Hisanao , Fukami Shunsuke , Moriya Satoshi , Kurihara Shouta , Horio Yoshihiko , Sato Shigeo , Ohno Hideo
Published: December 2016

We demonstrate associative memory operations reminiscent of the brain using nonvolatile spintronics devices. Antiferromagnet–ferromagnet bilayer-based Hall devices, which show analogue-like spin–orbit torque switching under zero magnetic fields and behave as artificial synapses, are used. An artificial neural network is used to associate memorized patterns from their noisy versions. We develop a network consisting of a field-programmable gate array and 36 spin–orbit torque devices. An effect of learning on associative memory operations is successfully confirmed for several 3 × 3-block patterns. A discussion on the present approach for realizing spintronics-based artificial intelligence is given.
AirSWOT measurements of river water surface elevation and slope: Tanana River, AK
Authors: Altenau Elizabeth H. , Pavelsky Tamlin M. , Moller Delwyn , Lion Christine , Pitcher Lincoln H. , Allen George H. , Bates Paul D. , Calmant Stéphane , Durand Michael , Smith Laurence C.
Published: December 2016

Fluctuations in water surface elevation (WSE) along rivers have important implications for water resources, flood hazards, and biogeochemical cycling. However, current in situ and remote sensing methods exhibit key limitations in characterizing spatiotemporal hydraulics of many of the world's river systems. Here we analyze new measurements of river WSE and slope from AirSWOT, an airborne analogue to the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission aimed at addressing limitations in current remotely sensed observations of surface water. To evaluate its capabilities, we compare AirSWOT WSEs and slopes to in situ measurements along the Tanana River, Alaska. Root‐mean‐square error is 9.0 cm for WSEs averaged over 1 km2 areas and 1.0 cm/km for slopes along 10 km reaches. Results indicate that AirSWOT can accurately reproduce the spatial variations in slope critical for characterizing reach‐scale hydraulics. AirSWOT's high‐precision measurements are valuable for hydrologic analysis, flood modeling studies, and for validating future SWOT measurements.
Rapid precipitation of radiation belt electrons induced by EMIC rising tone emissions localized in longitude inside and outside the plasmapause
Authors: Kubota Yuko , Omura Yoshiharu
Published: December 2016

By performing test particle simulations of relativistic electrons scattered by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) rising tone emissions, we find a nonlinear scattering process named SLPA (Scattering at Low Pitch Angle) totally different from the nonlinear wave trapping. The nonlinear wave trapping, occurring for high pitch angles away from the loss cone, scatters some of resonant electrons to lower pitch angles, and a fraction of the electrons is further transported into the loss cone by SLPA after being released from the wave trapping. SLPA as well as the nonlinear wave trapping can work in any cases with proton band or helium band and inside or outside the plasmapause. We clarify that the combined scattering process causes significant depletion of the outer radiation belt. In the time evolution of an electron distribution observed locally in longitude, we find echoes of the electron depletion by the localized EMIC emissions. Monitoring fluxes of electrons being lost into the atmosphere in the wave generation region, we also find that efficient relativistic electron precipitation in several seconds. The characteristics of the precipitating electron flux as a function of kinetic energy vary significantly depending on the wave frequency range and the plasma density.
MAVEN observations of dayside peak electron densities in the ionosphere of Mars
Authors: Vogt Marissa F. , Withers Paul , Fallows Kathryn , Andersson Laila , Girazian Zachary , Mahaffy Paul R. , Benna Mehdi , Elrod Meredith K. , Connerney John E. P. , Espley Jared R. , Eparvier Frank G. , Jakosky Bruce M.
Published: December 2016

The peak electron density in the dayside Martian ionosphere is a valuable diagnostic of the state of the ionosphere. Its dependence on factors like the solar zenith angle, ionizing solar irradiance, neutral scale height, and electron temperature has been well studied. The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft's September 2015 “deep dip” orbits, in which the orbital periapsis was lowered to ~125 km, provided the first opportunity since Viking to sample in situ a complete dayside electron density profile including the main peak. Here we present peak electron density measurements from 37 deep dip orbits and describe conditions at the altitude of the main peak, including the electron temperature and composition of the ionosphere and neutral atmosphere. We find that the dependence of the peak electron density and the altitude of the main peak on solar zenith angle are well described by analytical photochemical theory. Additionally, we find that the electron temperatures at the main peak display a dependence on solar zenith angle that is consistent with the observed variability in the peak electron density. Several peak density measurements were made in regions of large crustal magnetic field, but there is no clear evidence that the crustal magnetic field strength influences the peak electron density, peak altitude, or electron temperature. Finally, we find that the fractional abundance of O2+ and CO2+ at the peak altitude is variable but that the two species together consistently represent ~95% of the total ion density.
On the observed synoptic signal in the Mississippi‐Alabama slope flow
Authors: Maksimova E. V.
Published: December 2016

This communication discusses a strong near‐barotropic current signal and its dynamics observed on the Mississippi‐Alabama upper slope in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. When the variability related to mesoscale eddies is not present or removed, the subinertial current is found to be controlled by the synoptic‐scale wind fluctuations, qualitatively in agreement with coastally trapped wave theory. Specifically, the along‐isobath synoptic velocity component on the Mississippi‐Alabama slope is correlated with the wind stress component in the direction along the Florida peninsula. Moreover, the observed along‐isobath flows on the Mississippi‐Alabama slope and on the west Florida shelf are highly coherent. These relations are pronounced in wintertime but less obvious during summertime, less energetic, wind forcing.
Thermal stress weathering and the spalling of Antarctic rocks
Authors: Lamp J. L. , Marchant D. R. , Mackay S. L. , Head J. W.
Published: December 2016

Using in situ field measurements, laboratory analyses, and numerical modeling, we test the potential efficacy of thermal stress weathering in the flaking of millimeter‐thick alteration rinds observed on cobbles and boulders of Ferrar Dolerite on Mullins Glacier, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV). In particular, we examine whether low‐magnitude stresses, arising from temperature variations over time, result in thermal fatigue weathering, yielding slow crack propagation along existing cracks and ultimate flake detachment. Our field results show that during summer months clasts of Ferrar Dolerite experience large‐temperature gradients across partially detached alteration rinds (>4.7°C mm−1) and abrupt fluctuations in surface temperature (up to 12°C min−1); the latter are likely due to the combined effects of changing solar irradiation and cooling from episodic winds. The results of our thermal stress model, coupled with subcritical crack growth theory, suggest that thermal stresses induced at the base of thin alteration rinds ~2 mm thick, common on rocks exposed for ~105 years, may be sufficient to cause existing cracks to propagate under present‐day meteorological forcing, eventually leading to rind detachment. The increase in porosity observed within alteration rinds relative to unaltered rock interiors, as well as predicted decreases in rind strength based on allied weathering studies, likely facilitates thermal stress crack propagation through a reduction of fracture toughness. We conclude that thermal stress weathering may be an active, though undervalued, weathering process in hyperarid, terrestrial polar deserts such as the stable upland region of the MDV.
Experimental study of the effect of grain sizes in a bimodal mixture on bed slope, bed texture, and the transition to washload
Authors: Hill Kimberly M. , Gaffney John , Baumgardner Sarah , Wilcock Peter , Paola Chris
Published: December 2016

When fine sediment is added to a coarse‐grained system, the mobility and composition of the bed can change dramatically. We conducted a series of flume experiments to determine how the size of fine particles introduced to an active gravel bed influences the mobility and composition of the bed. We initiated our experiments using a constant water discharge and feed rate of gravel. After the system reached steady state, we doubled the feed rate by supplying a second sediment of equal or lesser size, creating size ratios from 1:1 to 1:150. As we decreased the relative size of the fine particles, the system transitioned among three regimes: (1) For particle size ratios close to one, the bed slope increased to transport the additional load of similar‐sized particles. The bed surface remained planar and unchanged. (2) For intermediate particle size ratios, the bed slope decreased with the additional fines. The bed surface became patchy with regions of fine and coarse grains. (3) For the largest particle size ratios (the smallest fines), the bed slope remained relatively unchanged. The subsurface became clogged with fine sediment, but fine particles were not present in the surface layer. This third regime constitutes washload, defined by those fractions that do not affect bed‐material transport conditions. Our results indicate washload should be defined in terms of three conditions: small grain size relative to that of the bed material, full suspension based on the Rouse number, and a small rate of fine sediment supply relative to transport capacity.