bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study On The Damage And Fragmentation Characteristics Of Blasting Ore Rock Based On Different Delay Time Conditions
Authors: Zhao Jingkun , Chen Hui
Published: March 2024

The degree of ore rock fragmentation of mine blasting is an important index for evaluating the effect of engineering blasting. In order to study the effect of millisecond delayed blasting on the internal fragmentation of the ore rock, LS-DYNA numerical simulation software was used to obtain the damage characteristics of the ore rock in the blasting area using the RHT model. The Mohr-Coulomb strength damage criterion was applied to analyze the internal stress state of the ore rock, and the effects of 25ms, 50ms and 75ms delay time conditions on ore rock fragmentation were studied. The results show that, within a certain range of delay time, the degree of rock fragmentation increases with the increase of delay time. The stress state in the ore rock due to blasting is strengthened with the increase of delay time in the direction of the blast hole, which shows that the stress concentration is strengthened from the excavation face to the interior of the ore rock. The damage and the degree of fragmentation show a characteristic relationship of 25ms＜50ms＜75ms, which is verified by carrying out blasting experiments on site.
Beyond Storage: Evaluating the Utilization of Learning Management Systems in Higher Education
Authors: Mutanga Murimo Bethel , Mhlongo Vincent Xolani , Pillay Fiona
Published: March 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of higher education, the integration of Learning Management Systems (LMSs) has become pivotal, transcending mere content uploading to necessitate a deeper fusion of technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge, as emphasised by the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model. This study addresses the knowledge gap in assessing the alignment of the usage LMSs with the TPACK framework through a mixed-method approach. Analysing LMS usage patterns and distributing questionnaires to academics reveals the predominant use of LMSs for basic content storage, with limited incorporation of multimedia resources and infrequent utilisation of external and analytical tools. These findings raise concerns about universities' optimal utilisation of technology investments, highlighting the need to reassess LMS value and potential redesign. The study underscores the importance of enhanced training and support for academics to align LMSs with TPACK principles, emphasising the necessity of understanding this relationship. By doing so, educators can employ transformative strategies that extend beyond conventional boundaries, offering a more enriched educational experience.
Project-Based Learning Progression: Identifying The Impact of Learning on Students' Motivation and Learning Outcomes
Authors: Firmansyah Arif , Aras Nurul Fitriah , Lestari Mardi , Muchdar Muchdar
Published: March 2024

The study aims to address the issue of low motivation and poor learning outcomes in Social Studies. Many students find Social Studies dull due to its focus on memorization, which leads to passive learning. Additionally, teachers' limited familiarity with various learning approaches contributes to students' lack of motivation. The study investigates whether implementing a project-based learning (PBL) model can positively impact motivation and learning outcomes in Social Studies. Fifth-grade students from SDN 17 Poso participated in the quasi-experimental research, divided into experimental and control groups. Pretests and posttests were administered before and after the learning period, respectively, to both groups. Data collection methods included tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Pretests helped establish baseline knowledge levels and facilitated comparison to evaluate the effectiveness of the PBL intervention. Results indicated a significant improvement in motivation and learning outcomes among students exposed to the project-based learning model. The study's implications extend to enhancing teaching methodologies and strategies to foster better engagement and achievement in Social Studies.
Geometry Representation Abilities: What is The Impact of Using The 6E-Instructional Model Integrated with Augmented Reality?
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Susandi Ardi Dwi
Published: March 2024

 This research aims to analyze the impact of the 6E-Instructional Model Integrated Augmented Reality in improving students' 3D geometric representation abilities. A type of quasi-experimental design, one group pretest-posttest, is used for objective research of answers. The subjects of this research were 8th-grade students at a private school in Indramayu Regency, Indonesia, totaling 288 students divided into eight classes. Based on this number, one class of class VIII B was selected as the research sample. Furthermore, the research instrument uses a geometric representation ability test. In addition, the data obtained from the test results were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. The research concluded that AR technology can be integrated into constructivist learning, including 6E Instructional Mode. Furthermore, based on the paired sample t-test, it was concluded that using 6E-IM integrated AR increased the 3D geometric representation abilities of class VIII students in one of the private schools in the Indramayu Regency. Therefore, this research provides a foundation for advanced learning in mathematics, especially regarding integrated technology and learning models.
Pedagogical Competence of Elementary School Teachers in Multiliteracy Learning within Independent Curriculum
Authors: Sukma Hanum Hanifa , Sahila Rashika Ardafa , Febrilia Yeyen
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the pedagogical competence of elementary school teachers in implementing multiliteracy learning in the Merdeka Curriculum, especially the practical part in the classroom, and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors experienced by teachers in implementing multiliteracy learning in the Merdeka Curriculum in teaching and learning practices in the school. The research was carried out. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection uses observation, interviews, and documentation with analysis techniques with validity tests according to Miles Huberman and NVivo 12 Plus software. The results of this research show that teachers at SD Negeri 2 Pejawaran have implemented pedagogical competence well, characterized by a safe and comfortable learning environment for students in multiliteracy learning, student-centered learning in multiliteracy learning, Assessment, feedback and reporting that is centered on multiliteracy learning students, Using diverse sources of learning information, Critical evaluation of sources of information, Production, presentation, and variety of information through various texts, Supporting the use of multiliteracy to promote goodness. The supporting factors are fellow teachers, reading corner, students, library, Merdeka Mengajar application, and Mading. Apart from that, the inhibiting factor is the availability of books in the school library.
Enhancing Quality of Guidance and Counseling in Vocational Schools: Testing the Effectiveness of Evaluation Instruments Based on the CIPP Model
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Andri , Sari Nina Permata , Makaria Eklys Cheseda , Dinanty Najwa Shabrina , Rahman Gazali
Published: March 2024

This study assesses the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model's effectiveness in evaluating guidance and counseling programs within the Merdeka curriculum of Vocational High Schools. Collaborating with three experts—guidance and counseling specialists, educational technology experts, and practitioner teachers—the research employs assessment tests and pre-test/post-test questionnaires for 10 Guidance and Counseling Teachers at Vocational High School 3 Banjarmasin. Evaluation results, covering general, specific, and material aspects, show a high level of agreement among the three evaluators. General evaluation exhibits high reliability (ICC = 0.750), and thorough and material evaluations demonstrate high reliability with ICC values of 0.794 each. The trial of 10 Guidance and Counseling Teachers reveals a significant improvement in their evaluation skills after implementing the CIPP model. Average post-test results are notably higher than pre-test, highlighting the positive impact of the CIPP evaluation model on enhancing these skills. The research concludes that the CIPP evaluation model is reliable and consistent in measuring guidance and counseling program effectiveness in the Merdeka curriculum of Vocational High Schools. Empirical and theoretical support establishes a strong foundation for considering future implementation of the CIPP model in educational program evaluations. This model's application is anticipated to elevate the quality and relevance of educational programs, particularly in the context of guidance and counseling in Vocational High Schools, with potential practical and managerial benefits.
An Economic Analysis of In-Situ Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas Wells with Subsurface Carbon Retention
Authors: Gillick Stuart , Babaei Masoud
Published: March 2024

An economic analysis for a wellbore methodology that promotes sustainable natural gas conversion to hydrogen is presented. The methodology uses at-source, wellbore gasification of methane for hydrogen production, incorporating the simultaneous in-situ sequestration of carbon for both climate and economic benefit. The proposal is for a wellbore completion tool, to take natural gas (methane) production from the reservoir and perform gasification within the wellbore tool (not within the reservoir). This would not interfere with reservoir management, allowing standard reservoir management practices to be used. The proposed process is for natural gas fields and not for use in the gasification of heavy oils (which is covered by other “combustion type” reservoir management processes performed deep within the reservoir geology).

The proposed methane gasification tool, when located deep within the wellbore, takes maximum advantage of the “free” energy provided by the elevated temperatures and pressures of the surrounding fluid-connected geology. The combination of surface-injected fluids and geofluids, mixed inside the wellbore gasification tool at depth, significantly reduces the excess process energy input from the surface and lessens feedstock consumption for power. The proposed system is neither electricity cost dependent nor fuel cost dependent, as both are provided in situ and through heat recovery and reserves. There are therefore several process steps and significant energy and cost savings to be gained by this method when compared with surface-based methane reformation facilities, as well as infrastructure longevity benefits.

In addition, CO2 life cycle climate savings are made, as zero carbon is produced to the surface, eliminating the harm greenhouse gases (GHGs: CH4 and CO2) do while transitioning through the environment. The proposed methodology therefore avoids the expense and energy consumption of the subsequent, only partial, downstream recapture of the CO2 released from the combustion of this same methane.

To help maintain consistency and ensure comparability for hydrogen production types, the standardized H2A template of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) of the U.S. Department of Energy was used in our analysis. This economic template contains several cost model scenarios used to illustrate the possible magnitudes of economic advantages using this wellbore methodology. Based on the model’s comparative cost analyses, such a proposed system could produce hydrogen from natural gas wells consistently below 1 USD/kg H2, leading to cost-competitive wellbore hydrogen production when compared with surface-based steam methane reformation facilities. Using several scenarios for cost analysis, we found that the cost cannot be higher than 2 USD/kg H2. In our uncertainty quantification, we included the effects of the number of wells that can be used as well as mixing H2 with CH4 (v/v%).
Settling a conflict of interest in judicial and lawyer activity: general and specific issues (by the example of class proceedings)
Authors: Belosludtsev O. S. , Ginzburg I. V.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to clarify the concept of “conflict of interest”, to identify the peculiarities of conflict of interest resolution in group proceedings, and to develop practical recommendations to prevent conflict of interest in judicial and advocacy activities.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and comparative-legal.Results: the objective impossibility of legislatively stipulating all possible variants of conflicts of interest makes it necessary to resolve both “real” and “seeming” conflicts of interest directly by the law enforcer. The lack of appropriate rules and recommendations causes uncertainty regarding the presence (absence) of a judge’s conflict of interest. The article formulates the main signs of a conflict of interest: a) a contradiction between the personal (private) interests of a judge and the principles of justice; b) personal interest of a judge; c) financial interest of a judge; d) the existence of a legal fact confirming the conflict of interest; e) the need to inform the persons involved in the case about the conflict of interest; f) the burden of proving the grounds for recusal lies with the applicant. In addition, the author provides a legal assessment of the measures of settling a conflict of interest in judicial activity, outlines approaches and proposals to improve the institute of conflict of interest settlement in judicial and advocacy activities, and reveals the peculiarities of conflict of interest settlement in group proceedings.Scientific novelty: the article presents a comprehensive study of the institute of conflict of interest in judicial and advocacy activities, in which the main features of conflict of interest in judicial and advocacy activities are identified, the peculiarities of conflict of interest settlement in proceedings for the protection of rights and legitimate interests of a group of persons are determined, a comparative legal analysis of foreign and Russian law enforcement practice on the conflicts of interest settlement is carried out.Practical significance: the main conclusions of the article can be used in law-making activities to improve the legal regulation of the conflict of interest institute. The formulated provisions and conclusions can be used in lectures, seminars, preparation of methodological materials on legal disciplines.
Public procurement and innovation policy in Russia: a perspective of narrative economics
Authors: Tsygankov S. S. , Maskaev А. I. , Volchik V. V.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to identify narratives describing the use of public procurement system for innovation policy implementation and to critically analyze them.Methods: quantitative analysis of the frequency of narratives, qualitative analysis of narratives to identify protomodels, institutions and social context.Results: in the modern Russian economic system, public procurement is used as a tool for implementing the national innovation policy. The analysis of legal acts regulating public procurement of innovative and high-tech goods showed the trends that potentially reduce the variability of procuring entities' actions and the transparency of procurement procedures. Based on the tools of narrative economics, the authors analyzed the attitude of actors (representatives of the state, business and academia) of the Russian innovation system to the existing practice of public procurement in the context of the national innovation policy. As a result, the work presents a typology of public procurement problems, discussed in mass media, for Russia’s innovative development.Scientific novelty: the considered narratives show that, in relation to the Russian innovation system, the public procurement subjects can act in the logic of the “principal-agent” theory, while the tendency to reduce transparency is welcomed by some actors.Practical significance: institutional analysis of the recent changes in public procurement, including the rules governing the procurement of innovative and high-tech products, has revealed the devolution of formalized rules aimed at the implementation of state innovation policy. Together with the increased level of privacy in organizational activities of procuring entities, this carries the risks of not only increasing the level of opportunistic behavior of the public procurement market subjects, but also decreasing confidence in the entire public procurement system.
Artificial Intelligence and the cyber utopianism of justice. Why AI is not intelligence and man’s struggle to survive himself
Authors: Di Salvo M.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to show the ontological differences between human and artificial intelligence and address structural divergences at the definitional level.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.Results: a cross-cutting analysis was applied to the phenomenon of AI between cyber utopianism and cyber realism. Starting from a quote by Max Tegmark, the theory of artificial intelligence is reconstructed by the theorists who founded the discipline (Turing, Minsky, Bernstein, von Neumann) and it is discussed why – in light of the discoveries and assumptions of neuroscience – it is not possible to define it as intelligence according to human criteria. Three short notes are included in the appendix that complete the discussion: 1. on the consciousness of machines 2. on the theory of utopian cyber employment and remuneration 3. “The hungry judge is more cruel” (discussion on an Israeli study).Scientific novelty: through the examination of multiple types of intelligence (Gardner) and social intelligence (Thorndike, Goleman), a more complex definition of intelligence is proposed than that which can be replicated by artificial neural networks, especially in relation to the interaction between animal and environment. Three short messages highlight the uncertainty and risks that may arise from the rampant use of artificial intelligence as judges.Practical significance: starting from a correct definition of human intelligence, the author comes to the definition of artificial intelligence. Beyond the myth of AI, we discover its limits and the objective limitations we must provide for in order to save the most precious asset we have: mankind.
Nomogram prediction for epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and subtypes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Wenbo , Lei Haike , Zhang Yangli , Ju Linju , Chen Zheng , Chen Xueping , Xiang Tingxiu , Wu Zhongjun
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram model for predicting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and their common subtypes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
Methods: We conducted this study using data from NSCLC patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in China, including a total of 557 NSCLC patients. We identified independent risk factors for predicting EGFR mutations and their common subtypes through logistic univariable and multivariable analyses. These factors were then integrated to construct a nomogram, which underwent internal validation. We assessed the nomogram's predictive performance using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots. We randomly divided the dataset into training (n = 390) and validation (n = 167) cohorts in a 7:3 ratio. Following univariate and multivariate analyses, the nomogram for predicting EGFR mutations included four independent risk factors: age, pathological pattern (adenocarcinoma, ADC), smoking status, and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) levels. The nomogram for predicting EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation (19-Del) incorporated four independent risk factors: pathological pattern, smoking status, the presence of cytokeratin 21 fragment (CYFRA21.1), and tumor node metastasis (TNM). The nomogram for predicting EGFR exon 21-L858R mutation (21-L858R) included five independent risk factors: age, tumor location, pathological pattern, smoking status, and TNM.
Results: In the nomogram for predicting EGFR mutations, the C-index of the nomogram model was 0.769 in the training cohort and 0.757 in the validation cohort. In the nomogram for predicting EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation, the C-index of the nomogram model was 0.673 in the training cohort and 0.743 in the validation cohort. In the nomogram for predicting EGFR exon 21-L858R mutation (21-L858R), the C-index of 0.745 in the training cohort and 0.641 in the validation cohort. The calibration plot of the nomogram shows a good agreement between the predicted probability and the actual probability.
Conclusion: We have successfully developed and validated a novel nomogram for predicting EGFR mutation subtypes in NSCLC patients. This nomogram accurately estimates the EGFR mutation subtype and can help identify patients who may benefit from specific, individualized therapies.
Intrauterine Growth Restriction and other pregnancy complications following covid-19 infection
Authors: Arab Maliheh , Pirastehfar Zanbagh . , Nouri Nasim , Saket Sadaf , Faghih Nafiseh , Obstetri Behnaz Ghavami. MD
Published: March 2024

Background
The WHO, reported world widespread coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as an international public health emergency. Pregnancy is associated with immunological changes that may make women susceptible to COVID-19. The present study was conducted to clarify the impacts of the pandemic on intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and other complications of pregnancy.
Material & methods
In a historical cohort study, COVID-19-positive cases who were hospitalized and a subgroup of Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-admitted (severe) cases were compared with those who had no history of COVID-19 infection, regarding IUGR and other complications of pregnancy.
Results
Among 1010 pregnant women enrolled in the study, 43 (4.3%) had a history of hospitalization due to COVID-19 (including 28 ICU-admitted severe cases) through pregnancy and the other 967 cases who had no history of infection were compared. In the comparison of COVID-19 with non-COVID-19 groups, IUGR, and preterm laborwere more frequent in the COVID-19 group(16.3% versus 6.9%) and (51.2% versus 19.9%), respectively. Also, the cesarean section rate was higher (75% versus 55.3%) and the low APGAR score was more frequent (16.3% versus 3.3–3.7%)
Conclusion
Complications of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy such as IUGR, preterm labor, higher rate of cesarean section,and low APGAR score might make pregnant women more vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic and probable future versions of viral pandemics.
Streamlining electronic reporting of serious adverse events (SAEs) using the REDCap data collection system: the eSAE Project
Authors: Black Joanna , Barber Vicki , Eldridge Lucy , Julier Patrick
Published: March 2024

Background: It is essential that electronic data collection (EDC) systems are both compliant with regulations and the principles of Good Clinical Practice (GCP) to allow for the timely and accurate reporting of data including safety data. For clinical trials of investigational medicinal products (CTIMPs), investigators must immediately report to the sponsor any serious adverse event (SAE) that occurs in a site for which they are responsible. It is therefore expected that sponsors provide systems for timely review and reporting should a SAE be classified as a suspected unexpected serious adverse reaction (SUSAR).
Challenges arise when data related to adverse events (AEs) needs to be re-entered for SAEs, this can be prone to error and may delay reporting. Additionally, recognising what has changed from an initial SAE report when an investigator responds to queries raised can cause errors.
Method: A multi-disciplinary working group came together from a UK academic clinical trials unit (CTU) to establish if an electronic system could be created in the unit’s open-source EDC system – REDCap, to manage SAEs in an efficient way.
Results: A module has been created in REDCap to facilitate electronic SAE reporting; enabling an AE form to automatically trigger an SAE form for any AE which is also a SAE, prepopulating relevant fields of the SAE form, reducing the risk of delay and error when entering data into the SAE form. The system has also been developed with an embedded code to allow for instant visual recognition of any data updated following reporting to allow the sponsor to immediately review and resolve SAEs in a timely manner, complying with UK regulatory reporting. This functionality ‘The eSAE Project’, is now an active project for all of our new trials where data collection is undertaken using the REDCap system.
Conclusion: The eSAE Project coded into REDCap offers a unique way of partial population of SAE forms from initial AE forms as applicable, coupled with highlighting any updates during the lifetime of the SAE for sponsors to identify any new information that needs to be reassessed to process and report the SAE.
Trial Registration: Not applicable
Slight recovery of brain metabolic impairment in patients with persistent long COVID: a nine-month follow-up [18F]FDG-PET study
Authors: Horowitz Tatiana , Dudouet Pierre , Campion Jacques-Yves , Kaphan Elsa , Radulesco Thomas , Gonzalez Sandra , Cammilleri Serge , Ménard Amélie , Guedj Eric
Published: March 2024

Purpose
A hypometabolic profile involving the limbic areas, brainstem and cerebellum has been identified in long COVID patients via cerebral [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET. This study was conducted to evaluate possible recovery of brain metabolism during the follow-up of patients with prolonged symptoms.
Methods
Fifty-six adults with long COVID who underwent two brain [18F]FDG-PET scans in our department in May 2020–October 2022 were retrospectively analysed and compared to 51 healthy subjects. On average, PET1 was performed 7 (range 3–17) months after acute COVID-19 infection, and PET2 was performed 16 (range 8–32) months after acute infection. PET was performed because of persistent symptoms, including the following conditions: asthenia, cognitive complaints, dyspnoea, and sleep disorders. Whole-brain voxel-based analysis compared PET1 and PET2 from long COVID patients to scans from healthy subjects (p-voxel < 0.001 uncorrected, p-cluster < 0.05 FWE-corrected) and PET1 to PET2 (with the same threshold and with a less constrained threshold of p-voxel < 0.005 uncorrected, p-cluster < 0.05 uncorrected).
Results
PET1 and PET2 scans revealed hypometabolism in the previously reported profile. The between-group analysis comparing PET1 and PET2 showed minor improvements in the pons and cerebellum (8.4 and 5.2%, respectively, only significant under the less constrained uncorrected p-threshold); for the pons, the improvement was correlated with the PET1-PET2 interval (r = 0.21, p < 0.05). Of the 14,068 hypometabolic voxels identified on PET1, 6,503 were also hypometabolic on PET2 (46%). Of the 7,732 hypometabolic voxels identified on PET2, 6,094 were also hypometabolic on PET1 (78%).
Conclusion
Subjects with persistent symptoms of long COVID exhibit durable changes in brain metabolism, with only slight improvement 9 months later.
Effectiveness of Oral HIV Self-testing Using Several Distribution Models in Cameroon: Evidence From the Self-Testing Africa (STAR) Initiative
Authors: BOUBA YAGAI , RAISSA DJOMO DZADDI AUDREY , FATIMA MOULIOM NKAIN , SOULEYMANOU ADAMOU , LIFANDA EBIAMA , LIMAN YAKOUBA , ROGER ONANA , MICHELE SALLA ANNIE , CLAIRE EKOBIKA LILY , GUTENBERG TCHIKANGNI , EDWIGE OMONA GUISSANA , INGRID MYRTHO KENKO ABO’O , DÉSIRÉ MVILONGO ANABA ERNEST , ANTOINE SOCPA , ROGERS AJEH AWOH , JOSE ESSI MARIE , CLOTAIRE BILLONG SERGE , CHERIF HAMSATOU HADJA , CECILE ZOUNG-KANYI ANNE
Published: March 2024

Innovative strategies such as HIV self-testing (HIVST) might be useful for identifying hard-to-reach people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). We evaluated the effectiveness of HIVST in Cameroon using several distribution models and investigated the predictors of HIV seropositivity among self-testers. The study was conducted from 2021–2022 in three regions in Cameroon. HIVST kits were distributed according to 5 distribution models: antenatal, postnatal, maternal and child clinics (ANC/PNC/MCH); partners of PLWHA; workplace; and community and HIV-testing services (HTS). Overall, 42687 people received oral HIVST kits, among whom 15.6% were HIV first-testers. Approximately 85% reported on the test outcome; 2.3% (n = 825) were reactive, and 75.8% came for test confirmation. After the confirmation test, a concordance of 85% was found with the national algorithm. Overall, the HIV seroprevalence was 1.5% [95% CI: 1.4–1.6]; ANC/PNC/MCHC: 1.9%, partners of PLWHA: 6.9%, workplace: 0.5%, community: 0.1% and HTS: 7.0%, p < 0.001. The positivity rate among first-testers was 1.2%. Youths < 25 years had a lower seroprevalence (0.4%) than older people (2.6% and 2.7% for those aged 25–39 and those aged ≥ 40 years, respectively), p < 0.001. Seropositivity was negatively associated with secondary distribution, workplace model, community model and age < 25 years. On the other hand, partners of the PLWHA model, HTS model and first-time-testers were positively associated with seropositivity. In Cameroon, oral HIVST is an effective approach for identifying undiagnosed PLWHA, especially when using ANC/PNC/MCHC, partners of PLWHA and HTS distribution models. However, to ensure the successful scale-up of HIVST in Cameroon, guidelines should be revised to fine-tune the target for HIVST and optimize the use of resources.
Tunable integrated quasi-zero-stiffness metamaterials for ultra-low-frequency vibration isolation
Authors: Yang Shaokun , Wu Jiu Hui , Wang Xingzhong , Huang Yao , Wang Li Bo , Lei Yunzhong , Ma Fuyin
Published: March 2024

Quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) structures play an important role in ultra-low frequency vibration isolation due to its nonlinear mechanical properties, how to make it more lightweight while ensuring performance is an important research topic in expanding its application areas. In this paper, an integrated QZS metamaterial element for ultra-low frequency vibration isolation (around 4Hz). Relying on the nonlinear mechanical properties of metamaterials, the initial structural parameters are optimized to achieve QZS within a specific deformation range, providing a theoretical analysis basis for structural performance design. Static simulation analysis and experiments verified the effectiveness of the optimization design process. Further vibration experiments confirmed the ultra-low frequency vibration isolation ability of this metamaterial element. This customizable metamaterial with a size of tens of millimeters provides new ideas and solutions for ultra-low frequency vibration isolation of small precision components.
Oncoreconstructive Microsurgeries as Current Treatment for Cancer Patient Nowadays in Indonesia’s Largest National Cancer Center: Freshly Graduated Microsurgeon Experience From 2019-2022
Authors: Sofyan Rian Fabian , Brahma Bayu , Iskandar Iskandar , Sabatini Nafilla Nesantya
Published: March 2024

Background: In recent years, the use of free flap repair and microvascular techniques in reconstructive cancer surgery has grown significantly. Patients in high-volume tertiary care facilities often require complex treatments, including free flap transfers.
Objective: We examined patient characteristics and their 4-year survival outcomes after receiving oncoreconstructive microsurgeries from a team of surgical oncologists at Indonesia's National Cancer Center, a national referral hospital, between 2019 and 2022.
Materials and Methods: We conducted 179 microsurgery operations and analyzed patient age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), comorbidities, cancer type, tumor location, surgery type, flap sources, recipient and donor sites, and free flap success rates.
Results: Between 2019 and 2022, 179 oncoreconstructive microsurgeries were performed, with an average patient age of 46 with normal BMI. The primary tumor location was most commonly in the intraoral area, and squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent pathology. Wide excision and subsequent reconstruction with an Anterior Lateral Thigh flap were common procedures. The facial artery was the primary recipient artery, and the jugular external vein served as the primary recipient vein. Over four years, the success rate for oncoreconstructive microsurgeries consistently exceeded 90%.
Conclusion: As a freshly graduated surgical oncologist at Indonesia's largest national referral hospital, we are able to successfully treat patients with locally advanced malignancies by performing tumor resection and effectively repairing defects using oncoreconstructive microsurgeries, resulting in a success rate of over 90%.
Ethnic inequalities in the access of cancer screening services for women´s in Peru
Authors: Intimayta-Escalante Claudio
Published: March 2024

Background
Despite guidelines and increased healthcare resources, there are disparities in coverage of screening cancer services for non-white communities, addressing these health inequalities is crucial in multicultural countries like Peru. For this reason, the aim was evaluating ethnic inequalities in the women proportion that use cancer screening services in Peruvians regions.
Methods
An ecological was used to assess the ethnic inequalities in the proportion of women use of general cancer screening, clinical breast examination, mammography, and pap test in the 25 regions of Peru. The inequalities were approach by estimating the GINI coefficient among ethnic groups based on various sociodemographic characteristics, and the annual variation of the GINI coefficient.
Results
In Peruvians regions there is greater inequality in general cancer screening services among the indigenous (GINI: 0.321) and afroperuvians (GINI: 0.415), which have a GINI coefficient almost twice that of the white or mestizo group (GINI: 0.183). Also, sociodemographic characteristics such as low educational level, low income, living in rural areas, being over 64 years old, and lack of health insurance mediate these inequalities in the use of cancer screening services. In the temporal variation, an increase in inequality was identified to afroperuvians and indigenous groups after 2020.
Conclusion
In Peruvian regions there are marked ethnic inequalities in use of cancer screening services for indigenous and afroperuvians groups compared to the white or mestizo group, especially in those regions with larger populations with adverse socioeconomic conditions that have worsened for these ethnic groups after the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru.
Light has a principal role in the physiological adaptation of plants to the spaceflight environment
Authors: Paul Anna-Lisa , Zhou Mingqi , Ferl Robert
Published: March 2024

The Characterizing Arabidopsis Root Attractions (CARA) spaceflight experiment provides comparative transcriptome analyses of plants grown in both light and dark conditions within the same spaceflight. CARA compared three genotypes of Arabidopsis grown in ambient light and in the dark on board the International Space Station (ISS); Col-0, Ws, and phyD, a phytochrome D mutant in the Col-0 background. In all genotypes, leaves responded to spaceflight with a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than root tips, and each genotype displayed distinct light / dark transcriptomic patterns that were unique to the spaceflight environment. The Col-0 leaves exhibited a substantial dichotomy, with ten-times as many spaceflight DEGs exhibited in light-grown plants versus dark-grown plants. Although the total number of DEGs in phyD leaves is not very different from Col-0, phyD altered the manner in which light-grown leaves respond to spaceflight, and many genes associated with the physiological adaptation of Col-0 to spaceflight were not represented. This result is in contrast to root tips, where a previous CARA study showed that phyD substantially reduced the number of DEGs. There were few DEGs, but a series of space-altered gene categories, common to genotypes and lighting conditions. This commonality indicates that key spaceflight genes are associated with signal transduction for light, defense, and oxidative stress responses. However, these key signaling pathways enriched from DEGs showed opposite regulatory direction in response to spaceflight under light and dark conditions, suggesting a complex interaction between light as a signal, and light-signaling genes in acclimation to spaceflight.
Polyphenols from foxtail millet improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating intestinal flora
Authors: Israr Ghani , Yuxuan An , qinqin Qiao , Shuiling He , Li Zhuoyu
Published: March 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic hepatic manifestation of metabolic dysfunction for which effective interventions are lacking. The burden of NAFLD is increasing at an alarming rate. NAFLD is frequently associated with morbidities such as dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, etc. The current study explored the potential role of bound polyphenol from foxtail millet (BPIS) in treating NAFLD mice induced by the high-fat diet (HFD). The results exhibited the critical role of BPIS treatment for NAFLD by effectively restoring gut microbiota in C57BL/6 mice that received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. At the same time, 16S rRNA analysis demonstrated that BPIS remodeled the overall structure of the gut microbiota from fatty liver diseases towards that of normal counterparts, including ten phylum and twenty genus levels. Further study found that the expression of tight junction proteins was up-regulated in the BPIS-treated group. This study provides new insights into the potential NAFLD protective effects induced by polyphenols of foxtail millet.
Explaining the process care by companion midwife during childbirth: study protocol
Authors: Soltani Narges Sadat , Zagam Samira Ebrahimzadeh , Hafizi Leili , Shourab Nahid Jahani
Published: March 2024

Background: The World Health Organization emphasizes the existence of a birth companion in order to improve the care results and satisfaction of mothers in labor and delivery. Due to the fact that the process of care by a companion midwife during childbirth is unknown and the existing challenges are identified, this study will be conducted with the aim of explaining the process of care by companion midwife during childbirth.
Methods: It is a qualitative research with a grounded theory approach that the main participants of the study are midwives. Sampling has been started in a Purposive sampling and will continue based on the resulting categories until data saturation in the form of theoretical sampling. Data collection will be done using in-depth semi-structured interviews, field notes and reminders. The Strauss and Corbin 2015 method will be used for data analysis, which includes five steps: Identification of concepts, development of concepts according to their characteristics and dimensions, data analysis for context, bringing the process into the analysis and integration of categories.
Discussion: This study is expected to contribute to a better understanding of care by companion midwives. Because this study will identify the obstacles and facilitators of the implementation of the companion midwifery program in maternity settings.
Ethical code: IR.MUMS.NURSE.REC.1402.130
Robot-Assisted Resection of Mesenteric Cysts in Pediatric Patients: a single-centered Retrospective study
Authors: Chen Yi , Chen Qingjiang , Cai Duote , Qian Yunzhong , Chen Sai , Zhang Shuhao , Jin Yi , Wang Linyan , Shu Qiang , Gao Zhigang
Published: March 2024

Background
Mesenteric cysts (MCs) are rare intra-abdominal masses in childhood. Laparoscopic-assisted surgery has become the main procedure for their resection, but robot-assisted surgery has rarely been reported. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze and present our experience with robot-assisted resection of MCs using the da Vinci Xi surgical system and to discuss the technical points.
Methods
Children diagnosed with abdominal MCs who underwent surgical treatment at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2020 and November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and clinical data, surgical details, and prognosis of the patients were systematically collected.
Results
Among 40 patients, a total of 18 underwent robot-assisted surgery and 22 underwent laparoscopic-assisted surgery. In the robot-assisted surgery group, the entire procedure was performed endoscopically, whereas in the laparoscopic surgery group, eight procedures were converted to laparotomy. The operation time of 134.5 minutes for the robot-assisted group was not significantly longer than the 104 minutes for the laparoscopic-assisted surgery group (P > 0.05), but the average length of postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Robotic-assisted resection of MCs is safe and feasible and the refinement of the Da Vinci Xi surgical system was much better than that of the conventional laparoscopic equipment, resulting in significantly improved intraoperative and postoperative outcomes.
Youth-developed Recommendations on Public Health Planning for Future Pandemics or Public Health Emergencies: A National Delphi Study
Authors: Quinlan-Davidson Meaghen , Cleverley Kristin , Barbic Skye , Courtney Darren , Dimitropoulos Gina , Hawke Lisa D , Nandlall Nadia , Ma Clement , Prebeg Matthew , Henderson J. L.
Published: March 2024

Background. In Canada, multiple studies reported an increase in youth-reported anxiety, depression, and substance use over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the country has decreased restrictions, it is important to consider public health planning for future pandemics and emergencies, in light of the associated youth mental health and substance use burden. To prevent youth from falling further behind, we need to focus on public health planning recommendations to optimize Canada’s future response. The objective of the study was to generate concrete, youth-derived recommendations for government, policymakers, and service planners to support public health planning for the next pandemic or public health emergency.
Methods. Using a virtual, modified Delphi, Youth Delphi Expert Panel Members rated recommendation items over three rounds, with the option to create their own recommendations items. “Consensus” was defined a priori if ≥ 70% of the entire group, or subgroups of youth (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, gender and sexual identities), rated items at a 6 or 7 (on a 7-point Likert scale). Items that did not achieve consensus were dropped in subsequent rounds. Content analysis was used for qualitative responses in Rounds 1 and 2. Youth were engaged as members of an expert advisory committee throughout the design, implementation, and interpretation of findings.
Results. A total of n=40 youth participated in Round 1 with good retention (>95%) in subsequent rounds. Youth endorsed eleven recommendations to support public health planning for the next pandemic or public health emergency. Youth prioritized easily accessible, clear, and understandable information about pandemics; and equitably and efficiently distributed vaccines. They also prioritized increased awareness of timely and accessible mental health and substance use services in schools, workplaces and communities; greater investment in free or inexpensive MHSU services; and health professionals and scientists leading pandemic-related policy decisions.
Conclusions. For Canada to move forward in a relevant, efficient, and ethically sound manner, decisions must be guided by the population that these decisions affect. These recommendations can be used to guide Canada’s strategies and policies to prepare for future public health emergencies and pandemics, prioritizing the needs of youth, families/caregivers, and communities.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of matric suction on stress-induced anisotropy behavior of unsaturated clay
Authors: Su Yanlin , Cai Guoqing , Li Jialiang , Shan Yepeng , Yang Rui
Published: March 2024

Lots of geotechnical engineering problems are closely related to the anisotropic behavior of unsaturated soils. In this paper, suction-controlled, consolidated, drained triaxial shear tests were conducted on clay under unsaturated conditions. For unsaturated clay, the effects of matrix suction (suctions of 30 kPa, 100 kPa, and 200 kPa), initial stress ratio (R1 = 0.5 and 1) and subsequent stress ratio (R2 = 1, 2 and 3) on the hydro-mechanical behavior were studied, and the evolution of water retention, stress-induced anisotropy characteristics and critical state parameters under different stress paths were obtained. The stress path exerted a substantial influence on the water retention capacity of the clay, and the initial stress ratio was found to be the determining factor for the air entry value of the clay. Under identical initial stress ratio conditions, the water retention capacity of the clay was observed to diminish commensurately with an increase in the subsequent stress ratio. As suction increases and subsequent stress ratios escalate, the specimen transitions from a state of shear shrinkage to dilatancy, the peak shear strength (qf) and initial stress ratio change from negatively to positively correlated, while the critical state volumetric strain (\(\varepsilon _{{\text{v}}}^{{\text{c}}}\)) and initial stress ratio are positively to negatively correlated, and the anisotropy of unsaturated clay undergoes a transformation from negative correlation to positive correlation with the subsequent stress ratio. The critical state saturation (\(S_{r}^{{\text{c}}}\)) exhibits a negative correlation with the initial stress ratio and subsequent stress ratio. Under the same stress path and different matrix suctions, there exists a unique critical state line in the p'-q plane passing through the origin, with its slope is critical state effective stress ratio (M'). The initial stress ratio determines the range of variation for the M' value, which is positively correlated with the subsequent stress ratio.
Key technologies for task processing in ternary optical computer
Authors: Li Shuang , Yang Wen , Li Luqun , Li Wenjing , Li Dazhi , Wang Zhehe
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces a key technology for task processing in ternary optical computer(TOC) - the operation-data file (SZG file). Firstly, we analyze and summarize the data processing advantages of ternary optical computer. Then, we propose the design principles of SZG file and provide a detailed explanation of the significant role played by SZG file in the task processing process. Next, we will propose the design principles of SZG file and provide a detailed explanation of the significant role played by SZG file in the task processing process. Furthermore, we will discuss how to construct a collaborative task processing mechanism based on SZG file, focusing on the format of SZG file and the task classification strategy based on SZG file. Finally, we will conduct experimental testing on the ternary optical computer platform using a specific example. Tasks can be executed correctly in parallel on ternary optical computer, successfully coordinating the differences in task processing characteristics between electronic computers and ternary optical computer. These will establish a bridge for collaborative work between electronic computers and ternary optical computer, while also providing new ideas for other emerging computing systems in terms of task processing methods.