bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compact and Real-Time Radiation Dosimeter Using Silicon Photomultipliers for In Vivo Dosimetry in Radiation Therapy
Authors: Kim Jeongho , Park Jeehoon , Park Byungdo , Kim Yonghoon , Park Beomjun , Park So Hyun
Published: January 2025

Existing dosimeters for radiation therapy are typically large, and their performance in in vivo system applications has not been assessed. This study develops a compact real-time dosimeter using silicon photomultipliers, plastic scintillators, and optical fibers and evaluates its in vivo applicability for radiation therapy. Dose calibration, dose-rate dependency and linearity, and short-term repeatability tests were conducted using solid water phantoms and bolus materials, and in vivo dosimetry was performed using an in-house phantom. The characterization evaluation results showed high linearity, with a coefficient of determination of 0.9995 for dose rates of 100–600 monitoring units (MU)/min, confirming an error rate within 2% when converted to dosage. In the short-term repeatability tests, the dosimeter exhibited good characteristics, with relative standard deviation (RSD) values lower than 2% for each beam delivery and an RSD value of 0.03% over ten beam deliveries. Dose measurements using the phantom indicated an average error rate of 3.83% compared to the values calculated using the treatment planning system. These results demonstrate a performance comparable to that of commercial metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors and plastic scintillator-based dosimeters. Based on these findings, the developed dosimeter has significant potential for in vivo radiation therapy applications.
Nature-Positive Agriculture—A Way Forward Towards Resilient Agrifood Systems
Authors: Kaushal Manoj , Atieno Mary , Odjo Sylvanus , Baijukya Frederick , Gebrehawaryat Yosef , Fadda Carlo
Published: January 2025

Current food production systems rely heavily on resource-poor small-scale farmers in the global south. Concomitantly, the agrifood systems are exacerbated by various a/biotic challenges, including low-input agriculture and climate crisis. The recent global food crisis further escalates the production and consumption challenges in the global market. With these challenges, coordinated efforts to address the world’s agrifood systems challenges have never been more urgent than now. This includes the implementation of deeply interconnected activities of food, land, and water systems and relationships among producers and consumers that operate across political boundaries. Nature-positive agriculture represents interventions both at the farm and landscape level that include a systems approach for the management of diverse issues across the land-water-food nexus. In the present article, we focus on the history of traditional farming and how it evolved into today’s nature-positive agriculture, including its limitations and opportunities. The review also explains the most impactful indicators for successful nature-positive agriculture, including sustainable management of soil, crops, seeds, pests, and mixed farming systems, including forages and livestock. Finally, the review explains the dynamics of nature-positive agriculture in the context of small-scale farming systems and how multilateral organizations like the CGIAR are converting this into transformative actions and impact. To address the climate crisis, CGIAR established the paradigm of nature-positive solutions as part of its research and development efforts aimed at transforming food, land, and water systems into more resilient and sustainable pathways.
Design and Implementation of a Distributed IoT System for Monitoring of Gases Emitted by Vehicles That Use Biofuels
Authors: Caraveo Mena Camilo , Suastegui Macias José Alejandro , Cervantes Huerta Leticia , Ruiz Ochoa Juan Antonio , Jiménez Calleros Samantha , Sánchez-Pérez Armando
Published: January 2025

Global fossil fuel consumption, including diesel and gasoline, significantly contributes to emissions. Understanding emission percentages and types is critical. Alternative energies, like hydrogen mixed with gasoline, help mitigate emissions in sectors such as transport and energy. Hydrogen-gasoline blends in internal combustion engines improve the combustion process but require studying engine behavior and carbon footprint. This research designs a low-cost sensor network to monitor combustion emissions and provide reliable data for statistical comparison across vehicles. Two synchronized client–server software systems are proposed. The client software runs on an IoT development board (ESP32) and communicates with sensors via the ESP-NOW protocol to detect and collect gas data, transmitting it wirelessly to the web server. The server software provides a user-friendly interface for data control and visualization from a ground station. Tests used 100% Mexican gasoline (G100) and hydrogen-gasoline blends (GH) with a hydrogen cell electrolyte concentration of 0.0211 mL/gal (80 mL). A single vehicle followed the same route at 40–60 km/h, collecting data every 30 s over three trials. Results showed average reductions of 5% and 10% in CO and CO2 emissions, respectively, with GH fuel.
Bridging the Gap to Sustainability: How Culture and Context Shape Green Transparency in Chinese Firms
Authors: Zhang Yuan
Published: January 2025

Green transparency motivates organizations to decrease environmental hazard emissions, improve ecological safeguarding behavior, and increase environmental performance. However, the current literature ignores the cultural and organizational factors behind green transparency behavior, which cannot answer stakeholders how to reduce barriers to green transparency to achieve sustainable goals. This study collected data from 207 Chinese companies listed on three stock exchanges (Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen) through an online survey to unfold the interplay between green transparency and contextual and organizational factors. The collected data were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The analysis revealed that environmental regulations, digitalization, innovation, and gender diversity significantly affect organizational sustainability culture. The findings also revealed that all these factors directly affect the green transparency of Chinese companies. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that organizational sustainability culture mediates the relationship between green transparency and all other study constructs. Short-term training programs regarding sustainability, mutual group discussion without gender discrimination, and supporting the use of digital tools may significantly develop a sustainability culture in the company and can improve firms’ green transparency.
XplainLungSHAP: Enhancing Lung Cancer Surgery Decision Making with Feature Selection and Explainable AI Insights
Authors: Costi Flavia , Covaci Emanuel , Onchis Darian
Published: January 2025

Background: Lung cancer surgery often involves complex decision-making, where accurate and interpretable predictive models are crucial for assessing postoperative risks and optimizing outcomes. This study presents XplainLungSHAP, a novel framework combining SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) and attention mechanisms to enhance both predictive accuracy and transparency. The aim is to support clinicians in preoperative evaluations by identifying and prioritizing key clinical features. Methods: The framework was developed using data from 470 patients undergoing lung cancer surgery. Key clinical features were identified through SHAP, ensuring alignment with medical expertise. These features were dynamically weighted using an attention mechanism in a neural network, enhancing their impact on survival predictions. The model’s performance was evaluated through accuracy, confusion matrices, and ROC analysis, demonstrating its reliability and interpretability. Results: The XplainLungSHAP model achieved an accuracy of 91.49%, outperforming traditional machine learning models. SHAP analysis identified critical predictors, including pulmonary function, comorbidities, and age, while the attention mechanism prioritized these features dynamically. The combined approach ensured high accuracy and offered actionable insights into survival predictions. Conclusions: XplainLungSHAP addresses the limitations of black-box models by integrating explainability with state-of-the-art predictive techniques. This framework provides a transparent and clinically relevant tool for guiding surgical decisions, supporting personalized care, and advancing AI applications in thoracic oncology.
Epigenetic Biomarkers Driven by Environmental Toxins Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the United States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Newell Melanie Engstrom , Aravindan Anumitha , Babbrah Ayesha , Halden Rolf U.
Published: January 2025

Environmental toxins and epigenetic changes have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This paper aimed to (i) identify environmental toxins associated with AD, PD, and ALS, (ii) locate potential industrial sources of toxins in the United States (U.S.), and (iii) assess epigenetic changes driven by exposure to toxins reported by patients. Environmental factors and epigenetic biomarkers of neurodegeneration were compiled from 69 studies in the literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) and geographic information system approaches. Some 127 environmental toxins have been associated or putatively associated with AD, PD, or ALS, with four toxic metals (As, Cd, Mn, and Hg) common to all three of these neurodegenerative diseases. Environmental toxins associated with epigenetic changes (e.g., DNA methylation) in patients include air pollutants, metals, and organic chemicals (e.g., pesticides, mycotoxins, and cyanotoxins). Geographic analysis showed that study locations (e.g., U.S., Europe, and East Asia) were selected by researchers based on convenience of access rather than exposure risk and disease prevalence. We conclude that several toxins and epigenetic markers shared among neurodegenerative diseases could serve as attractive future targets guiding environmental quality improvements and aiding in early disease detection.
Novel Oronasal Drainage for Long COVID: Proposed Mechanisms—Case Report
Authors: Lorenz Claudia , Frankenberger Roland
Published: January 2025

Long COVID, potentially emerging post COVID-19 infection, involves extreme health challenges. Based on current literature in the field, we propose a novel approach to Long COVID treatment based on epipharyngeal abrasive therapy targeting ostia of the oral and nasal mucosa, having been identified for the first time. The presented case report documents the application of innovative oronasal drainage (OND), a novel treatment integrating physiological, biochemical, and fluid mechanical components simultaneously. OND led to remarkable improvements and even remissions of various symptoms, along with enhanced hand blood circulation. While the case suggests potential efficacy in Long COVID therapy, acknowledging inherent limitations is essential and its impact needs further validation through clinical trials.
Spatiotemporal Prediction of Tidal Fields in a Semi-Enclosed Marine Bay Using Deep Learning
Authors: Zhu Zuhao , Yan Xiaohui , Wang Zhuo , Liu Sidi
Published: January 2025

The prediction of tidal fields is crucial in coastal and marine hydrodynamic analyses, particularly in complex tidal environments, as it plays an essential role in disaster warning and fisheries management. However, monitoring the entire tidal field is impractical, and harmonic analysis and numerical simulation methods continue to face challenges in accuracy and efficiency for large-scale predictions. To address these issues, this paper proposes a tidal field prediction method based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. A physics-based hydrodynamic model is established, and the numerical model is validated using observational data from multiple sites in the study area. The accuracy is quantified using performance indicators such as root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficients. The validated numerical model is then used to generate a high-quality comprehensive dataset. An LSTM-based model is then developed to predict tidal fields in a semi-closed marine bay. The performance of the LSTM-based model is compared with models developed using Transformer, Random Forest, and KNN regression methods. The results demonstrate that the LSTM-based model surpasses the other machine learning models in prediction accuracy, with a notable advantage in handling time series field data. This study introduces new ideas and technical approaches for rapid tidal field prediction, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods and providing robust support for coastal disaster prevention, resource management, and environmental protection.
Learning from Youth Voice: Student Reflections on Common Approaches in Youth Sports
Authors: McCleery Julie , Stanton Chloe , Wurfel Beatrice , Smith Sarah , Tereschenko Irina
Published: January 2025

In youth sports, young people are often subjected to approaches and coach behaviors misaligned with their physical and psychological development, including early specialization and the use of physical activity as punishment. Little research investigates these practices from the perspective of youth. This study used novel qualitative approaches to explore student reactions to these practices. Over four years, students who took an Introduction to Psychology class at one private high school in a West Coast city received a presentation about topics at the intersection of sports and psychology and submitted their reflections. A student-led research team analyzed the 332 reflections. The findings show that the information in the Long-Term Athlete Development framework was dissonant with student experiences in the U.S. youth sports system. Many had negative experiences with physical activity as punishment. Providing youth with information about developmentally appropriate practices in sports can help them advocate for change that will protect them and others from harm.
Uso de diferentes energías para un óptimo proceso de cicatrización provocado por heridas contusas: un reporte de caso
Authors: Baimason-Pérez Amanda , Murillo-Sáenz María , Diehl-Navarro Victoria
Published: January 2025

La terapia física responde ante diversas necesidades como la de proporcionar una mejora cuantificable en la integridad de la piel cuando la misma se ha visto afectada por diferentes agentes externos que provocan la discontinuidad en las capas que la componen. Este caso evidencia que diferentes formas de energía son eficaces para favorecer el cierre de una herida cutánea producto de una contusión o trauma. El reporte es acerca de un paciente masculino de 58 años, padre de familia y trabajador independiente, el cual sufrió trauma directo en el miembro inferior derecho, por impacto entre un vehículo y la motocicleta que él conducía, ocasionando una fractura expuesta del cuboides, fractura transindesmal de peroné, provocando alteraciones funcionales y una herida abierta en su pie derecho. El abordaje empleado consistió en técnicas manuales y ejercicio terapéutico, sin embargo, para el remodelado cicatrizal se utilizaron formas de energía como oscilaciones profundas y magnetoterapia, completando el cierre y un aspecto natural de la cicatriz, favoreciendo completar los objetivos de tratamiento.
The results of the presidential elections in the United States of America and a new round of international turbulence in world politics
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Chekulaev A. A.
Published: January 2025

In this article, the authors analyze the re-election of Donald Trump as president of the United States. Mr. Trump comes from the wealthiest strata of American society, and billionaires from Wall Street support him. D. Trump's political program contained many populist ideas aimed at different classes and strata of American society. He is a compromise figure for the leading representatives of the establishment, which does business on American imperialism.
Utopias in the space of modern social networks
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Paniotova T. S. , Zabubenina I. K. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of utopian elements in the space of modern social networks. The work analyzes approaches to defining the concepts of «utopia», «digital utopia» of domestic and foreign authors, considers the key characteristics of utopia and utopian thinking. Based on the works of Thomas More, Charles Fourier, the authors identify a utopian dimension in modern social networks. In modern social networks, along with utopian elements that have a positive effect on society, we can find destructive utopian structures, which actualizes the task of developing cyber policy.
The sound aspect of the ritual organization on the example of shamanic rituals of the Yakuts
Authors:   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Ershova K. E.
Published: January 2025

The article examines how various means of sound expression formed a semantic space in the context of a ritual. The study uses the method of semiotic analysis of the Yakut shaman's writings, conducted on the materials of pre-revolutionary researchers, which are an invaluable source of ethnographic information. The author focuses on the fact that acoustic accompaniment of rituals allowed shamans to establish contact with the other world. The author concludes that the use of various sound characteristics by the shaman contributed to the construction of a single semantic field of the ritual. In the process of communication between the world of the living and the world of the dead, sound and voice played a key role. The melodic material reproduced in the work carried a deep emotional charge. The rhythm of the sounds of the shaman's tambourine influenced the biorhythms of both the shaman himself and the people around him. Rhythmic sounds and onomatopoeic motifs enhanced the sacred significance of the rite, creating a unique atmosphere of observing the sacred. The study of the most common manifestations of sound in various ritual contexts and mythological plots allows us to penetrate deeper into the essence of the ritual archetypes of sound behavior, establish links between the component of the sound environment and human psychology.
Images of the future in contemporary Russian cinema: loss or search for the positive?
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Gribakina T. E.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of modern Russian cinema for the presence of positive images of the future in it. The author characterizes a positive image of the future as an attractive goal and a powerful motivator for the development of society. By analyzing modern films and comparing them with Soviet films, a conclusion is made about the absence of positive images of the future in modern mass art. The main reasons are: orientation to the West, commercialization of art, the lack of formation of the elite and national idea, the absence of a single «beautiful future» for everyone. In conclusion, modern trends in Russian cinema are noted that contribute to the formation of a positive attitude towards the future.
Creative industry of the cognitariat as a source of development of the City of the future (on the example of research of youth of Ufa by using digital service technology MegaZ)
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Bresler M. G.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the attitude of the Russian cognitive economy of the generation of the digital society to creative industry, which is as a place for meeting the needs of cognitive people in creative work, so it is important for the development of the city. Based on the information-communication approach, a social - philosophical analysis of the cognitive economy as a social class and creative industry as a field of cognitive economy’s production activities has been produced. Special attention is paid to the generation of Russian digital society cognitarians - generation Z, their values in interaction with the values of the City. As an empirical material, the results of the research on digital service technology MegaZ are taken. Produced social - philosophical analysis of data. The applied value of research consists in studying the values of young Russian cognitive scientist, which will allow to increase the efficiency of interaction with the productive social class of digital society.
PHILOSOPHY OF ART AND DESIGN: UNDERSTANDING THE CULTURAL SPACE AND REFLECTION
Authors: Kostіuk O.
Published: January 2025

The article raises a problem that characterizes the dynamic processes of the modern contradictory cultural environment, which encourages a person to think, take responsibility, and consciously choose the direction of their activity. The purpose of the article is to highlight the problem of understanding the cultural space of the philosophy of art and design in the context of critical-reflective processes. Art is defined as a manifestation of perfect skill in reflecting reality. Through the system of artistic images, with the help of certain means and techniques, a person learns, realizes, aesthetically evaluates, and creatively interprets a work of art. Artistic theories and concepts related to the philosophical teaching about art, the concepts of communicativeness and symbolism, the principles of the systemic approach, and other directions in the context of critical-reflective processes are singled out. Emphasis is placed on the need for philosophical generalization within the cultural theory framework, which makes it possible to reveal the essence of art and design, its specificity as cultural phenomena with aesthetic awareness, originality, and uniqueness. It is emphasized that aesthetic consciousness becomes a key factor in the creation of works that reflect not only the external form but also the internal content, ideas, and emotions.
PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS AND EXECUTIVE TECHNIQUES AT MAX SCHLOSBERG’S SCHOOL
Authors: Orishchenko A.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the specifics of Max Schlosberg’s school, his pedagogical ideas, and performance techniques. Relying on foreign literature (first of all, American researchers), the author of the article tries to show the consistency of all components of this school – the fundamental skills of trumpet players, the understanding of breathing as a central element in learning to play wind instruments, a personalized approach to teaching and educating students, a harmonious combination of technical and musical beginnings. In the presentation of the main material section, the author of the article shows how Max Schlosberg’s pedagogical school took a leading place in the world and continues to occupy it to this day thanks to his talented students and followers who adhere to his teaching system of education and upbringing. Max Schlosberg laid the foundations of a professional pedagogical school of playing brass instruments. The legacy of M. Schlosberg, his works, and his pedagogical ideas continue to develop in modern music pedagogy. Many of his students, such as H. Clark and R. Schilke became famous musicians and teachers who spread his performance techniques in different countries worldwide. Modern educational programs for learning to play wind instruments continue to use M. Schlosberg’s exercises as a basis for technical and musical improvement. His ideas, aimed at developing technical and musical skills, remain significant for modern music pedagogy and deserve further study and application, remaining relevant in the context of modern research on the cognitive and physical aspects of music education. This issue is new and is not exhausted by past and present research. We consider the study of the basics of the pedagogical and orchestral practice of Max Schlosberg to be one of its priority directions.
THE PLACE OF STEREOTYPES OF THINKING IN THE CREATIVE PROCESS OF TEACHING MUSICAL ART
Authors: Kosenko P.
Published: January 2025

The article substantiates the expediency of operating with the concept of stereotypes of thinking about the process of teaching musical art from the point of view of mastering its creative component. It is noted that stereotyping is a constant companion of human thinking because the totality of knowledge about the material and spiritual world accumulated by humanity significantly exceeds the possibilities of their comprehension by the mind of a single individual. Stereotypes free up space for creativity by taking over routine operations, and yet, being stable constructs that are difficult to revise and modify, they act as an obstacle to the creative process, which, poorly combined with excessive adaptability, requires at least a temporary abandonment of familiar ways of solving a problem to emerge with a new, alternative action. Therefore, among the crucial factors that can strengthen and enrich the creative potential of teaching musical art are the following: understanding by all subjects of the pedagogical process that in professional activity, a musician is often guided by stereotypical ideas and actions; and the orientation of the student's personality towards awareness of the prerequisites for the emergence of stereotypes. As a result, he will be able to track them and better understand at what stage and under what influence his professional views and ideas arise, where they come from, why they are used, and whether they need changes to achieve his progress in professional development, and, ultimately, whether they are the product of his creativity.
CHOREOGRAPHIC COLLECTIVE AS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR THE FORMATION OF THE CREATIVE POTENTIAL OF A PERSON
Authors: Reva Ya.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the choreographic groups as an environment that promotes the realization of the creative potential of the individual. The concept of “creative potential of a personality” is clarified. The peculiarities of forming a creative personality by means of choreographic art are analyzed. Its uniqueness as a plastic-spatial-temporal art form that combines physical activity, aesthetic expressiveness and emotional expression is emphasized. The role of collective creativity and psychological climate in the development of creativity and artistic thinking of the individual is determined. It is noted that participation in choreographic groups contributes to the development of not only technical skills, but also social and psychological qualities of future specialists. The basic principles of organizing the work of a choreographic group aimed at stimulating the creative expression of participants are presented. The educational potential of choreographic art, which stimulates the development of creative abilities of the individual and contributes to the formation of personal and professional qualities, is described. Particular attention is paid to the pedagogical and cultural aspects of the activities of dance groups, as well as the importance of improvisation and collective creativity in the realization of the creative potential of the individual.
THE USE OF PROJECT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF TRAINING FUTURE EDUCATORS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Shevchenko L. , Sorochan M.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the methodological and practical aspects of preparing future educators for professional activities in inclusive education using project-based technologies. The article considers the peculiarities of implementing the project-based learning method. It is proved that project technologies, as a special type of intellectual activity, are promising and encourage creativity, independence, and mental activity, as well as optimization and intensification of the educational process. Particular attention is paid to the structure of project activities: preparation, planning, research, conclusions, presentation or report, evaluation of the result, and process. The developed algorithm of applying Bloom's taxonomy for the formation of inclusive competence during project activities based on the use of innovative technologies is presented. It is concluded that students’ participation in such work is a means of thorough and conscious learning of the basics of inclusive pedagogy, the peculiarities of interaction with children with special educational needs, strengthens the professional orientation of education in higher education institutions, teaches to compare and contrast different ways of solving pedagogical problems that arise in the process of working in an inclusive educational environment.
Bien-être dans les filières équines au 21e siècle : enjeux éthiques et sociétaux pour la profession vétérinaire
Authors: Gauchot Jean-Yves , Scicluna Claire
Published: January 2025

La domestication du cheval a représenté un point de bascule dans l’histoire des civilisations. Aujourd’hui l’usage du cheval en Occident est principalement centré sur les loisirs, l’utilisation sportive et les courses, a contrario d’autres pays où persiste sa fonction d’animal de traction et où est revendiquée sa valeur bouchère. L’exploitation des chevaux pour leurs différents usages est remise en cause régulièrement par différentes associations se souciant du bien-être animal. La notion de bien-être animal en filière équine doit être abordée dans un contexte de repli de la filière sur elle-même, de disparition des hommes de chevaux, de citoyens déconnectés de la ruralité et enfin du changement du statut du cheval devenu un compagnon. Le statut agricole, le cadre de vie, l’utilisation sportive, la gestion de la douleur, le dopage, la fin de vie sont entre autres des sujets sociétaux. La profession vétérinaire, qui est une profession réglementée, est au cœur des interfaces entre le cheval, son utilisateur et la société. Expert de la santé animale, le vétérinaire est aussi un « passeur de connaissances » pour le grand public, pour ses clients professionnels, amateurs, voire novices. Sa pratique, fondée sur un savoir académique et scientifique, est guidée par le respect et l’intérêt du cheval, de son client et de la santé publique vétérinaire. Il est aussi conscient des attentes sociétales qu’il convient de prendre en considération. Les 20 dernières années ont apporté au vétérinaire équin de formidables avancées scientifiques et techniques, lui permettant d’être meilleur techniquement et d’être en capacité de répondre aux attentes et interrogations des clients et d’aborder les dilemmes éthiques. Collectivement, la profession doit sans cesse se remettre en question et dénoncer les pratiques équestres inappropriées ou injustifiables. Elle doit aussi se questionner sur le bien-fondé de ses actes vétérinaires : il en va de l’éthique même de la profession vétérinaire et de l’avenir de la filière équine. Les vétérinaires équins tant au niveau national qu’international doivent être force de proposition dans le débat public, et ce de manière totalement indépendante. Une telle démarche éthique, fondée sur des valeurs morales, sur la déontologie, sur les principes de la médecine et ses fondements scientifiques, doit permettre aux vétérinaires de trouver le juste équilibre des pratiques, en toute responsabilité.
Contrôle multifactoriel des populations de campagnols dans un socio-écosysteme : une application pratique au massif du Jura, France
Authors: Giraudoux Patrick , Couval Geoffroy
Published: January 2025

Les pullulations de campagnols peuvent avoir un impact significatif sur la santé publique et les systèmes agricoles. C’est le cas notamment dans le massif du Jura où, depuis les années 1970, des « vagues voyageuses » de pics de pullulation de campagnol terrestre (Arvicola amphibius) sont observées dans les prairies d’altitude, en cycle de 5-9 ans (6 ans en moyenne). Ces pics de densité causent des pertes en fourrage, et donc économiques, importantes. Le campagnol des champs (Microtus arvalis), dans les mêmes habitats, subit des fluctuations pluriannuelles non-cycliques de forte amplitude. Confronté aux limites du contrôle des pullulations de campagnols par la seule application de produits rodenticides et à leurs effets indésirables, un collectif d’éleveurs et de chercheurs, en collaboration avec les autres parties prenantes du socio-écosystème, a mis au point une boîte à outil basée sur la lutte précoce et une approche multifactorielle adaptable par chaque exploitant. Le présent article décrit cette approche et le processus qui a conduit à la mise en place d’un tel collectif d’acteurs.
Comparative analysis of microbial diversity in various kombucha starter cultures in Malaysia using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) approach
Authors: Augustine Nur Syafiqah Syahmimie , Chong Eric Tzyy Jiann , Wong Clemente Michael Vui Ling , Nasir Nurul Farhana , Sharifuddin Shaiful Adzni , Alitheen Noorjahan Banu , Mohamad Nurul Elyani
Published: January 2025

Kombucha is sweetened black tea fermented with symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeasts (SCOBY) and has been widely consumed for its purported health benefits. The microbial consortium in kombucha is dominated by yeasts such as Brettanomyces sp. and Zygosaccharomyces sp., as well as acetic acid bacteria (AAB), Komagataeibacter sp. and Acetobacter sp. However, the source of SCOBY and substrates used may affect the microbial diversity as well as the biochemical, and flavour of the kombucha. Identifying the microbial population is important as the use of undefined starter cultures may lead to variable metabolite production and increase the risk of food pathogen contamination which can pose harm to human health. This study aims to isolate the microbes from kombucha in Malaysia for the future development of a new starter culture with specific species for the safe consumption of kombucha. Briefly, a total of 100 colonies were isolated from nine kombucha starter cultures with selective culture plates. Differences in colony morphology were observed based on their colours, surface texture, elevation, and margin. Their phenotypic morphology and genetic diversity were screened using microscopic examination, coupled with a catalase test and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), respectively. Based on the data, 51% of the isolates showed yeasts morphology under microscopic examination, while the rest were bacteria. Additionally, 55.79% of the isolates showed distinct banding profile patterns in the RAPD assessments. In conclusion, the data of this study shows that there is a diverse microbial consortium in different starter cultures of kombucha from Malaysia, mainly predominated by Gram-negative AAB and Gram-positive yeasts. Identification at the species level is to be conducted in the future. By understanding the microbiota diversity in kombucha, it contributes to the development and production of a safe functional drink.
Metaphysics of Russian Pre-revolutionary Utopia on the Science and Education Social Role
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Artem'yeva T.V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Social utopia since the end of the 18th century has become a “time machine” describing the hypothetical future of a country or the world. Mostly utopian descriptions of this time told about possible changes in the social sphere achieved by political means. The rapid development of science and technology, as well as the comprehension of this phenomenon in the philosophical consciousness of the era gave rise to a different vision. Along with socio-political, pedagogical, epistemological, theological utopias, scientific and technological utopianism is formed. Content. Scientific and technological utopianism comprehended the possible directions of social progress depending on the degree of mastery of knowledge and natural wealth through the creation of technical devices, technologies and perfect scientific and educational strategies. The authors saw in the development of science and technology, university education and academic institutions the prerequisites for the formation of future social relations, a new morality and a new level of understanding of nature, the world and society. Russian scientific and technical utopias can be conditionally divided into two sections - those describing the future of our planet through the development of its own resources (V. F. Odoevskij, V. K. Kukhelbekker, N. N. Shelonskij, I. I. Chekhovskaya, A. A. Rodnykh, V. N. Chikolev, V. Ya. Bryusov) and utopias related to the exploration of the cosmos and introducing variants of the social structure of various extraterrestrial civilizations (A. G. Lyakide, P. P. Infantiev, A. A. Bogdanov).

Conclusions. The authors of utopias believed that scientific and technological progress, as well as the welfare of society, will be largely associated with the development of academic institutions, the organization and educational programs of which should provide scientific and technological innovation.
Analysis of the Descriptive Function of Religion and Myth
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Cherneevskij A.P.
Published: January 2025

Ntroduction. One of the most important functions of textual expression of human states in spiritual culture acts is the formalization, description of the experience gained. The study of religious experience correlates this experience with a certain tradition of confessional interpretation, which inevitably limits the description of the entire range of spiritual experiences and needs. The article offers a description of religious experience outside the religious context; for this purpose, it is correlated with a deeper level of spiritual experience related to mythological consciousness. Content. The author believes that a strict scientific description of religious experience is impossible - scientific experiment and mental experience are different in nature and cannot be reduced to one another. However, a hermeneutical way of interpreting the experience of human interaction with culture and the linguistic design of this experience is possible. The term “religious” in relation to experience requires expansion and clarification, the problem is that what is verbalized within a religious tradition is called religious. The question is, what are the characteristics of a religious experience outside a religious context? It is proposed to differentiate two ideal types of experience description - the religious type and the mythological type. Religion is a person's attitude to the supernatural; myth is dialectical and contains something fundamentally hidden, but expressed in something external, obvious. Classical studies of the mythological level of consciousness consider myth as a necessary element of culture, not only independent, but also inherent in other forms of describing the world (religion, art). A myth is a basic narrative, a structure of consciousness that forms a conceptual apparatus that goes beyond the limits of the mythological narrative itself. For example, sacred texts of new religious movements may contain elements of myth that claim to build a new worldview at the level of linguistic structure.

Conclusions. When analyzing religious texts, it is necessary to separate the level of myth (the basic story of being) and the level of religion (the apologetics of professed truth). The nature of the sacred in religious and mythological dimensions can be different and depends on which cognitive need the sacred text addresses. The need for a religious description of spiritual experience corresponds to the level of judgments about the truth, or a socio-psychological need. The need for a mythological description of the experience experienced correlates with a deeper structural need for the verbalization of the “other”, “beyond”.
The Tradition, Innovations and Fundamentals in Western Esotericism: Aleister Crowley’s Case
Authors:   Russian Christian Academy for Humanities named after Fyodor Dostoevskij, Mozhajskaya K.A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Currently, studies of religion conducted within the conceptual matrix “fundamentalism - tradition - modernism” are extremely relevant. Religious fundamentalism, modernism and traditionalism are paradigmatically and dialectically connected phenomena that require the systemic study. Western esotericism is an area where these phenomena intertwine. The article examines the esoteric teachings related to “occult revival” (ceremonial magic, theosophy, integral traditionalism). The main object of study is Aleister Crowley’s “Thelema”, taken as a pronounced and influential occult system. Content. The article, taking into account the historical and cultural context, examines Crowley’s ideas about the magical tradition, his ingenious esoteric synthesis and eschatology. The task has been completed to compare Thelema with other esoteric movements and to analyze the relationship between traditions and innovations, the typical and the individual aspects of Crowley’s teachings. It is noted that Crowley constructs “The Ancient Tradition” using the method of intercultural translation of symbols based on Christian Kabbalah; The Tradition is being comprehended in philosophical, scientific, and gnostic ways; in the religious and political aspect, Thelema contains a prophetic revelation of a global paradigm change.

Conclusions. As a result of the study, it is concluded that in the conceptual field of “fundamentalism - tradition - modernism” Crowley’s teaching occupies a unique configuration, having the characteristics of each triangle vertices. This conclusion is potentially applicable to Western esotericism as a whole. The study has prospects for a broader comparative analysis of major esoteric movements of the twentieth century.
Correctional Orientation of Mathematics Lessons From Primary School Students With Mental Retardation
Authors:   Yanka Kupala Grodno State University, Kryukovskaya N.V. , Lisovskaya T.V. ,   Maksim Tank Belarusian State Pedagogical University
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Students with mental retardation are characterized by the lack of formation of cognitive processes, the predominance of an involuntary component. This determines the strengthening of the correctional orientation of the educational process within the framework of the implementation of correctional and developmental work. The article substantiates the dependence of the correctional orientation in mathematics lessons with students with mental retardation at the first stage of general secondary education on the formation of spatial representations, memory, thinking. attention. The results of studying the formation of mathematical knowledge and skills among students of this category in grades II-V are presented, the results of a correlation analysis of performance indicators for solving arithmetic problems with indicators of the formation of spatial representations, memory, and thinking are analyzed. attention. The correctional and developmental tasks necessary for solving at each stage of training in order to form the ability to solve arithmetic problems are highlighted.

Materials and methods. The study used: an analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the research problem, a pedagogical (ascertaining) experiment, a method of correlation analysis (determination of the Pearson correlation coefficient). Diagnostic tasks aimed at studying the formation of the ability to solve arithmetic problems, as well as methods for studying the state of perception, memory, thinking, and attention were selected for the study. The experimental group consisted of students in grades II-V with mental retardation.

Results. The analysis of the study showed the lack of formation of the ability to solve arithmetic problems in students with mental retardation in grades II-V. The correlation analysis made it possible to identify the reasons that make it difficult to form the ability to solve arithmetic problems, and to identify correctional and developmental tasks for conducting mathematics lessons. Discussion and conclusion. Conducting mathematics lessons with students with mental retardation is carried out by implementing a correctional orientation. This is possible by solving correctional and developmental tasks in order to activate cognitive processes, which allows you to create a full-fledged basis for the formation of the ability to solve arithmetic problems.
Formation of Social-Perceptual Willingness for Peer Interaction in Preschool Children With Visual Impairment
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Nikulina G.V. , Zhelonkina A.G. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article addresses the issue of the formation of social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction among older preschool children with visual impairment at the empirical stage of studying its patterns and specific features. The relevance of a special typhlopedagogical correctional and developmental methodology for fostering social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction in older preschool children with visual impairment is substantiated. This methodology was developed based on the results of a diagnostic experiment and tested during an educational experiment.

Materials and methods. One of the tasks of the research is defined as determining the place and role of typhlopedagogical work with preschoolers with visual impairments in developing their skills and abilities for peer interaction. The effectiveness of the developed typhlopedagogical correctional and developmental methodology for fostering social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction in preschool children with visual impairment is justified. Key methods for assessing the effectiveness of forming social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction in older preschoolers with visual impairment are listed.

Results. The relevance of the structure, content, and typhlopedagogical toolset of the correctional and developmental methodology for fostering social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction among older preschool children with visual impairment is substantiated. The main criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the typhlopedagogical correctional and developmental methodology is identified as the increase in the level of social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction among preschoolers with visual impairment. The criteria for assessing the improvement in the level of social-perceptual willingness are defined considering its components: enhancement of the sensory-conceptual foundation for perceiving the appearance and behavioral reactions of the social perception object; productivity in developing and actualizing representations of facial features, emotions, and postures; productivity in developing the speech-behavioral component of social perception. As per the control experiment, the implementation of this methodology has a statistically reliable positive impact on the level of social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction among older preschoolers with visual impairment. Discussion and conclusion. The conducted research substantiates the importance of a specialized correctional and developmental methodology that effectively addresses relevant and significant personal development challenges for children, specifically those related to the issue of fostering social-perceptual willingness for peer interaction in older preschool children with visual impairment.