bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHARMACODYNAMICS
Authors: R Annie Sherlyn , Muthukumar Dr. S.
Published: May 2024

The field of pharmacodynamics studies how a ligand (Hormone or a Neurotransmitter), binds to its receptor to produce a pharmacological response. It's a term used to describe the effects of a drug on the body, including the biochemical and physiologic effects that influence the interaction of the drug with the receptor. The integration of actions in molecules into an effect on the organism is addressed in this chapter. It is important to describe the effects of a drug
OVERVIEW, STANDARD TERMS, AND DEFINITIONS IN PHARMACOVIGILANCE
Authors: Sharma Prajwal
Published: May 2024

AS per the definition from World Health Organization (WHO), Pharmacovigilance is defined as “the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems.”Pharmacovigilance (PV) is a science or a process that is set up for safety monitoring of the medicines and drugs and then taking measures to maintain a positive benefit-to-risk ratio of the medicines. The knowledge of Adverse Drug Reactions can be expanded by several means such as Spontaneous reporting, database studies, and intensive monitoring. Several new processes are in development both at the scientific and regulatory level and are being developed keeping the strengthening of the PV system as the primary aim. On the scientific level, it includes increasing involvement of patients and transparency while on the regulatory level it includes risk management plans and conditional approval
THE ROLE OF NUTRITION IN THE PREVENTION OF IMMUNITY RELATED COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Khan Mr. Tapabrata , Singh Ms. Puja , Begum Dr. Rukaiah Fatma , Chandran Ms. Lakshmi , K* Mrs. Gayathiri
Published: May 2024

The immune system is required for basic physiological activities such as development, reproduction, and wound healing. The immune system is constantly working and monitoring, but it is hampered if a person becomes infected. Nutrition serves as a backbone for the immune system, enhancing and supporting it through the manufacture of regulatory molecules, all of which are derived from an energy-balanced diet. The lack of understanding of virus biological mechanisms, as well as the lack of efficient disease treatments (COVID-19) and/or vaccinations, has brought variables that can limit the immune system's ability to combat infectious diseases into the spotlight. A number of vitamins (fat and water soluble) as well as traces of metals like copper, zinc, and iron have been shown to support the human immune system and reduce the risk of infection. Nonetheless, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) determined that six vitamins (D, A, C, Folate, B6, B12) and four minerals (zinc, iron, copper, and selenium) are required for optimal immune system function. Individuals should consume a sufficient amount of essential nutrients to support their immune systems. The immune system is enriched by eating habits and living a healthy lifestyle. The gut microbiome aids in immune system education and regulation. The value of each type of nutrient has been described in a nutritional recommendation. This review looks at immune considerations specific to rural and urban areas in India, malnourished children, a tool to help individuals and populations strengthen their immune systems and prepare for infectious diseases such as COVID-19, the risk of infection, micronutrient requirements and deficiencies exhibited over the life course, and the available evidence regarding the effects of micronutrient supplementation on immune function and infection, as well as the available evidence regarding the effects of micronutrient supplementation on immune function and infection
3D PRINTING OF DRUGS – A BOON OR A BANE?
Authors: G Ms. Alagammai. , A Mr. Thirumalai. , Singh Mr. Anuragh , Ilango Dr. K.
Published: May 2024

The pharmaceutical sector is developing quickly, and there is a growing demand in the health sectors for the modernization of pharmaceutical drugs and medical devices. The creation of innovative dose forms for targeted therapy is now possible due to modern technologies. 3D printing has evolved into one of the most ground-breaking and powerful instruments for precision fabrication of specifically designed dosage forms, tissue engineering, and disease modeling. However, the industry continues to rely on existing drug delivery methods, mainly modified tablets, and industrial-scale manufacture of novel dosage forms remains limited. The pharmaceutical industry's use of 3D printing technology has broadened the scope of studies on printed materials and equipment. One of the primary benefits of 3D printing technology is the ability to produce customized drugs in small batches with individualized doses, forms, sizes, and release qualities. The manufacturing of medications in this manner may ultimately make the idea of personalized medicines a reality. This chapter introduces 3D printing and its technology, as well as 3D printed dosage forms and the materials used in their production, as well as the benefits and challenges of 3D printing of drugs and their applications
PHARMACOGENOMICS -A GENOME BASED DRUG TAILORING
Authors: S Mr. Ram Kumar , G Ms. Subasri , Singh Mr. Anuragh , Ilango Dr. K
Published: May 2024

Pharmacogenomics is an essential part of clinical genomics that have an effect on increasing number of patients and is used to provide precision medication. Unfortunately, as a result of this genetic variety, there is a lot of variation in drug response across people, which means that no prescription is safe and effective for everyone. A fundamental and unresolved issue in modern medicine is the debilitating and often fatal effects of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Pharmacogenomic approaches attempt to refine the aim of personalized medicine by utilizing an individual’s germline and somatic DNA signatures to guide treatment. It has the potential to revolutionize the practice of medicine by individualization of treatment through the use of novel diagnostic tools. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) hold the key to defining the risk of an individual’s susceptibility to various illnesses and response to drugs. This article includes the clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice, genes involved in the metabolism of the drug, and the application of pharmacogenomics in various disease
ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE AND PHARMACEUTICALS
Authors: A Ms. Karpagam. , E Ms. Lavanya. , P Ms. Sarojini. , O Mr. Uttam Kumawath. , S Dr. Nirenjen. , Narayanan Dr. J.
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and their applications in medical and pharmaceuticals are evolving rapidly. Artificial Intelligence deals with increasing amounts of data that are provided by health trackers like watches, smartphones, and other monitoring sensors in the field of medicine. Artificial intelligence focuses on how computers learn from algorithms, data and mimics the human thought and behavior process. The key categories of AI applications in healthcare involve early detection of diseases, diagnosis, prognosis, precision medicine, drug development, clinical trials, and providing patient quality care. It improves and increases support in making the clinical decisions that are used in transforming the future of pharmaceuticals. AI can play an important role in developing personalized medicine and the implementation of new personalized products in healthcare. There are many techniques that AI uses in health care sector
MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH CARE
Authors: Kizhakethil Dr. Midhun Mathew , Mathew Jerin , Sunny Dr. Basil , Narayanan Dr. Hari
Published: May 2024

Health care system is responsible for the delivery of good quality of life to the people in the society. There are different levels of health care systems namely: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Each system has its own distribution and functions to carry out to regulate a healthy community. Based on the characteristics of the environment, like other systems, healthcare system must formulate itself to provide specific health support to the people. Trends of healthcare changes regularly and needs to be answered accordingly. All the three care systems are unavoidable and should go hand in hand with the support of each other to enhance the outcome received from the other. Healthcare system always focus on improved advancements to produce more better patient outcome and thereby produce increased patient trust towards the healthcare systems
MATRIX CONTROLLED DRUG RELEASE DRUGDELIVERY
Authors: G Suchita , T Dr. Smita , M Sahil , M Kalpesh , N Sayali
Published: May 2024

Formulations that are able to control the release of drug have become an integral part of the pharmaceutical industry. In particular oral drug delivery has been the focus of pharmaceutical research for many years. This type of drug delivery has been at the centre of research due to its many benefits over conventional dosage. The focus of this review is on matrix tablets due to their widely use and simplicity of the formulation. This includes the discussion of various types of matrix tablets and factors affecting the drug release from these formulations. The development of oral controlled release systems has been a challenge to expression scientists due to their incapability to restrain and localize the system at targeted areas of the gastrointestinal tract. There are several advantages of matrix bias including bettered patient compliance due to lower frequent medicine administration, reduction of change in steady- state medicine situations, maximum application of the medicine, increased safety periphery of a potent medicine
Problematika Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka: Studi Kasus Pada SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon
Authors: Sonia Widia Sipahutar
Published: May 2024

This research aims to find out and explain the problems that occur in implementing the independent curriculum at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon. Departing from the many phenomena and policies related to the implementation of the independent curriculum, this gave rise to various questions for researchers such as the problems faced at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon in implementing the Independent Curriculum. This research was conducted using qualitative methods, namely field studies through field observations and interviews. The data at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon studied by researchers was collected through observations and interviews with the school principal, curriculum representatives and teacher council. Analyzed and presented in descriptive form. The results of this analysis can help answer research questions. The results of the analysis show that the Independent Curriculum at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon faces several problems, such as teachers having difficulty adapting to a more flexible curriculum and requiring more time to develop lesson materials that suit student needs. Teachers must be given further training to adapt a more flexible curriculum and improve their ability to develop learning materials that suit students' needs.
Development of a Scoring Rubric Assessing Medical Students’ Explanations of Pathology Reports
Authors: Davis Felisha M. , Bowling Jonathan , Khanchandani Ashish T. , Larkins Michael C. , Tumin Dmitry , Badami Sunil , Alomari Ahmed K. , Chen Shoujun , Vora Moiz , Zhou Yaolin
Published: May 2024

Context.—

With increasing availability of immediate patient access to pathology reports, it is imperative that all physicians be equipped to discuss pathology reports with their patients. No validated measures exist to assess how pathology report findings are communicated during patient encounters.

Objective.—

To pilot a scoring rubric evaluating medical students’ communication of pathology reports to standardized patients.

Design.—

The rubric was iteratively developed using the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education pathology residency milestones. After a brief training program, third- and fourth-year medical students completed 2 standardized patient encounters, presenting simulated benign and malignant pathology reports. Encounters were video recorded and scored by 2 pathologists to calculate overall and item-specific interrater reliability.

Results.—

All students recognized the need for pathology report teaching, which was lacking in their medical curriculum. Interrater agreement was high for malignant report scores (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.65) but negligible for benign reports (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0). On malignant reports, most items demonstrated good interrater agreement, except for discussing the block (cassette) summary, explaining the purpose of the pathology report, and acknowledging uncertainty. Participating students (N = 9) felt the training was valuable given their limited prior exposure to pathology reports.

Conclusions.—

This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of using a structured rubric to assess the communication of pathology reports to patients. Our findings also provide a scalable example of training on pathology report communication, which can be incorporated in the undergraduate medical curriculum to equip more physicians to facilitate patients’ understanding of their pathology reports.
PREDICTING THE FORMATION OF POST-VACCINE MEASLES HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN HEALTH CARE WORKERS
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, ERESHCHENKO A.A. , GUSYAKOVA O.A. , BALDINA O.A.
Published: May 2024

To date, vaccination is an effective means of combating measles, allowing not only to control this infection, but also to raise the question of its elimination. However, there are groups of susceptible individuals in whom, despite the correct and timely administration of the vaccine, a sufficient level of specific antibodies is not formed, or is quickly lost. Lack of immunity after vaccination is a risk factor for both the healthcare professional himself and his patients and colleagues. The article presents data on the state of measles humoral immunity in healhtcare workers of a multidisciplinary hospital. The study was conducted on the basis of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the Clinics of Samara State Medical University. 759 people were examined - medical workers of surgical, therapeutic, diagnostic departments,intensive care and intensive care units, rehabilitation departments. Also, based on data on the dynamics of changes in parameters of serum at various stages of measles immunization, constructed mathematical models that can be used in predicting primary and secondary vaccination failures. The authors believe that the biochemical processes accompanying the synthesis of specific antibodies require more detailed study, since they may allow detecting metabolic correlates of immune protection that can be used in predicting the effectiveness of vaccination.
INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF IMMUNE REACTIVITY AND DISORDERS OF BONE METABOLISM IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA
Authors:   Main Military Clinical Hospital named after Academician N. N. Burdenko, RESHETNAYK D. V. , KAZAKOV S. P. , PUTKOV S. B. , RUKAVITSYN O. A. ,   Federal State Budget Founding Federal Research and Clinical Center of specialized types of health care and medical technology of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency (FSBF FRCC of the FMBA),   FSAEI HE I. M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia (Sechenovskiy University)
Published: May 2024

In order to study the mechanisms of immune reactivity (IR) and bone metabolism (BM) disorders in groups of patients with initially diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM), with MM after standard therapy, with bone pathology of other etiology and elderly patients without bone pathology, markers of bone metabolism (MBM) were determined by immunochemical methods: Type 1 collagen N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), osteocalcin (fragment with amino group, N-MID), and β-aspartic acid of type I collagen C-telopeptides (β-crosslaps), immunoreactivity markers (IRM): C-reactive protein, β2-microglobulin, interleukin-6 and hormones (parathyroid hormone, free thyroxine (T4c.), total testosterone). It was revealed that in patients with primary MM, as a rule, there is a significant change in the levels of MBM and IRM. These changes in primary MM were detected much more often and were more pronounced than in patients with MM treated according to the standard program, patients without bone neoplasia and patients without bone pathology. There is a definite relationship between the intensity of IR and the severity of BM disorders. All this may indicate that in MM, bone tissue damage occurs as a result of a pronounced predominance of bone resorption over remodeling processes in conditions of the development of a chronic systemic inflammatory process with significant metabolic disorders. The result of these processes is the manifestation of a syndrome of bone and mineral disorders preceding the development of osteoporosis, which can be diagnosed using MBM, which therefore become significant indicators in the diagnosis of MM, assessment of bone tissue lesions before the appearance of clinical and instrumental signs of osteoporosis. It is also advisable to consider the possibility of using MBM for differential diagnosis, predicting the outcome of the disease, monitoring MM therapy and as indicators of the need to include drugs normalizing bone metabolism in the standard MM therapy regimen.
THE HISTORY OF THE ONE LABORATORY
Authors:   Chief Freelance Specialist in Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Department of Health of the Kostroma Region, LEBEDEVA E. A.
Published: May 2024

The article provides information about the history, state and prospects of development of the laboratory service of the Kostroma region. The laboratory service of Kostroma originates from a laboratory organized in the Provincial Zemstvo Hospital of Kostroma in the early twentieth century. Over the years, the laboratory staff has constantly improved the range of research and put modern tests into practice. The author gives a list of specialists in charge of the laboratory from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present time. Since 2016, the process of centralization of the laboratory service of the city of Kostroma, the Kostroma region and partially the Kostroma region has begun. By 2018, the laboratory began to serve 35 medical organizations in Kostroma and the Kostroma region. The laboratory has a Laboratory information System integrated into the regional medical information system, which allows specialist doctors to see the results of laboratory tests at the workplace within a few hours after the biomaterial arrives at the laboratory and the entire research archive. Patients have the opportunity to receive research results by e-mail. The range of laboratory research is increasing every year. The laboratory conducts more than 450 different types of research, performs more than 6,000,000 laboratory studies per year - this is more than half of the research of laboratories in the entire region.
Biomechanics of Midfoot Charcot Neuroarthropathy in People with Diabetes
Authors:   , Renwick Nichola
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a rare complication of diabetic foot disease which provides many challenges for clinicians. Progressive destruction of bone and soft tissue occurs at the site of weight bearing joints resulting in significant disruption of the bony architecture. There is very little reported biomechanical data for this patient group therefore the primary aim of this study was to describe biomechanical changes in the foot and ankle which occur as a result of midfoot CN in people with diabetes. Methods: A biomechanical study investigating kinematics, kinetics, electromyography (EMG) and plantar pressure was conducted to evaluate alterations to the foot and ankle occurring as a result of midfoot CN. Kinematics, kinetics and EMG were analysed through a 6-segment musculoskeletal model of the lower limb with segments for the pelvis, thigh, shank, rearfoot, midfoot and forefoot constructed in Visual3D. Results: Kinematics were altered in the CN group for all joint segments investigated and across all planes of motion. Kinematic changes were variable between participants. Plantarflexion was reduced in the CN group with no plantarflexion recorded at 100% stance for multiple joint segments indicating a lack of toe-off motion. In the frontal plane, the biggest difference between the CN and healthy control groups was observed during midstance however the degree of inversion and eversion varied between participants. Ankle moment, angular velocity and joint power were markedly reduced in the CN group. All muscles investigated had decreased peak activity except for tibialis anterior which had an increased peak activity. All muscles reached peak activity at initial contact of stance phase except for medial gastrocnemius which peaked later at 70% stance phase. Peak pressure was increased substantially in the midfoot region. Conclusions: Primary disease mechanisms associated with CN result in patient-specific alteration to foot structure and function. This was characterised by highly variable and patient-specific altered joint kinematics and kinetics, EMG-derived muscle function and plantar pressure distribution as well as global changes in gait pattern. This study helps in working towards an individualised approach to improve the understanding of the structure and function of the Charcot foot and can help to guide future treatments.
The Green Economy Progress Measurement Framework [3rd Edition]: Accelerating the recovery through the transition towards climate-neutral economies
Authors:   United Nations Environment Programme
Published: May 2024

This Third Edition of the Green Economy Progress Measurement Framework aims at i) quantifying the IGE transition pre-covid 19 and how recent major shocks to the world economy – such as the war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 Pandemic – have impacted the IGE trajectories of over 100 countries; ii) adjusting the framework to better inform on progress and entry points to reframe the economy and connections to SDGs target; iii) upgrading the methodology by linking the Green Economy Progress Index with a macro-econometric model, the E3ME model, for not only evaluating the IGE transition backward looking but also for forecasting future IGE trajectories until 2050. This is done by developing an “adjusted Green Economy Progress index (GEP index)”; and iv) assessing the impacts of policy and investment options on the IGE trajectories –for accelerating the net-zero transition while recovering from recent major shocks.
Hydrometeorological Disaster: Challenges and Mitigation in Indonesia
Authors: Aeni Palsapah , Khoirul Anwar Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Climate change, which includes increasing global temperatures, irregular rainfall patterns, and extreme changes in weather, has resulted in detrimental consequences for society and the economy, especially concerning an increase in hydrometeorological disasters. Indonesia is prone to natural disasters, primarily related to hydrometeorological events such as floods, landslides, and droughts. Hydrometeorological disasters can cause enormous economic and social losses; therefore, it is vital to holistically address climate change's social and economic impacts. This study aims to analyse trends in hydrometeorological disasters, especially in disaster-prone areas, so that the affected areas know comprehensive mitigation efforts to overcome them. The research methodology uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis of hydrometeorological disasters in West Java and DKI Jakarta. The study results show that the trend of hydrometeorological disasters in West Java and DKI Jakarta Provinces tends to increase yearly. Several factors, including climate change, uncontrolled development, increasing population, topography and geographical location, and land subsidence, cause the latest disasters. The Indonesian government is actively trying to mitigate the risk of hydrometeorological disasters but is still experiencing some challenges, including topography and geographic location, climate change, limited resources, and low public awareness. Pentahelix collaboration and comprehensive public education are ways of overcoming these disasters. The Pentahelix collaboration allows for synergy between government, industry, and academia in identifying risks, formulating policies, and implementing mitigation programs.
STATUS KEWARGANEGARAAN DAN WACANA LARANGAN WNI EKS ISIS KEMBALI KE INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF SIY?SAH DUSTURIY?H
Authors: Mubriani Suci , Elpipit Elpipit , Ulfa Rahmatun , Basriadi Basriadi
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang WNI eks ISIS yang akan menimbulkan bahaya di Indenesia sehingga menyebabkan pemerintah dengan tegas menolak untuk memulangkan mereka ke tanah air lantaran dikhawatirkan menjadi teroris baru yang membahayakan nyawa 267 juta rakyat Indonesia. Hal ini menimbulkan perdebatan ditengah masyarakat terkait status mereka sebagai warga negara dan nasib mereka di luar negeri. Pokok pembahasan dalam artikel ini adalah status kewarganegaraan WNI eks ISIS ke Indonesia perspektif Siyasah Dusturiyah. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan siyasah dusturiyah terkait status kewarganegaraan WNI eks ISIS dan wacana pelaranagan pemulangan mereka ke Indonesia?. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapati bahwa wacana pemulangan 689 WNI eks ISIS ini yang ada di suria. Tutki dan beberapa negara lainya terlibat FTF (Foreign Terrorist Fighters) diambil untuk melindungi 267 juta warga Indonesia dari aksi terorisme ISIS. Dalam konsep kewarganegaraan positif maupun islam WNI eks ISIS masih sebagai warga negara, karena tidak memenuhi faktor yang menyebabkan ia kehilangan kewarganegaraannya. WNI eks ISIS dapat dianggap sebagai pelaku jarimah hirabah, yang bisa dijatuhi hukuman mati (dibunuh) atau dipotong tangan dan kaki mereka dengan bertimbal balik, atau diasingkan ketempat lain.
Menakar Pilkada Tidak Langsung Perspektif Politik Profetik
Authors: Hamdi Muh. Rizal , Adnan Idul , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Hamroni Hamroni
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Pasca bergulirnya reformasi pada tahun 1998 berdampak pada berubahnya sistem pemerintahan Republik Indonesia yang memberikan akses informasi yang terbuka bagi masyarakat untuk mengetahui keadaan politik yang sedang berkembang. Sistem politik Indonesia memiliki corak yang lebih terbuka. UU. No. 22 Tahun 2014. Pasca disahkannya UU No. 22 Tahun 2014 tersebut terjadi pro dan kontra di kalangan masyarakat, praktisi, dan akdemisi. Karena dalam pasal 3 ayat (1) dan (2) menegaskaskan bahwa Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota dipilih oleh anggota DPRD secara demokratis berdasar asas bebas, terbuka, jujur, dan adil. Silang pendapat dan saling melontarkan argumen tidak bisa terhindarkan lagi. Sehingga penulis mencoba untuk menganalisis permasalahan pilkada tidak langsung dari sudut pandang politik profetik.
Penelitian ini adalah kajian kepustakaan (library research) dengan melihat landasan filosofis, sosiologis, dan yuridis UU No. 22 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati dan Wali Kota. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik yaitu dengan cara menguraikan gambaran obyek yang diteliti berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang nampak sebagaimana adanya kemudian dianalisis untuk mengungkapkan makna-makna di balik fakta tersebut. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan normatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian secara literer yaitu dengan menelaah undang-undang yang berkaitan dengan pemilihan Kepala Daerah dan buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan Politik Profetik.
Dalam penelitian ini ditepaparkan bahwa Perubahan mekanisme pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung menjadi tidak langsung oleh rakyat yang tercantum pada bunyi pasal 3 UU No. 22 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota merupakan bentuk respon terhadap persoalan-persoalan yang terjadi selama pilkada dilakukan secara langsung. Permasalahannya memang terletak ketika pemilihan langsung dirubah lagi menjadi pemilihan secara tidak langsung yang terkesan kembali lagi ke zaman orde lama dan orde baru. Sebagian kalangan berpendapat bahwa itu merupakan  sebuah kemunduran demokrasi di Indonesia. Karena keterlibatan masyarakat untuk menentukan pemimpinya merupakan proses kemajuan demokrasi. Pilkada tidak langsung justru akan lebih mencerminkan politik profetik, dimana konflik-konflik antara pendukung tidak terjadi lagi, sehingga nilai-nilai kemanusiaan terpelihara. Masyarakat lebih harmonis dan tentram tanpa harus berkonflik dengan masyarakat lainnya. Biaya politik yang dikeluarkan oleh calon kepala daerah lebih sedikit, sehingga praktik money politics bisa dihidari dan diminimalisasikan. Karena KPK juga bisa ikut terlibat untuk mengawasi pelaksanaan pilkada melalui DPRD. Semua itu bertujuan untuk menghadirkan dimensi transendental dalam kehidupan masyarakat supaya saling menghargai antar sesama mahluk Tuhan.
Kata Kunci: Dinamika, Pilkada, dan Politik Profetik
Politik Hukum Pembentukan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pengampunan Pajak (Tax amnesty)
Authors: Rizal Hamdi Muh. , Adnan Idul , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Hamroni Hamroni
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Tax amnesty merupakan kebijakan pemerintah di bidang perpajakan yang memberikan penghapusan pajak yang seharusnya terutang dengan membayar tebusan dalam jumlah tertentu yang bertujuan untuk memberikan tambahan penerimaan pajak dan kesempatan bagi wajib pajak yang tidak patuh menjadi wajib pajak patuh. Lahirnya Undang-Undang tentang pengampunan pajak atau yang lebih dikenal dengan undang-undang tax amnesty yang direalisasikan dengan disahkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pengampunan Pajak. Undang-undang ini menuai kontroversi sejak mulai proses perancangan sampai proses pengesahan menjadi Undang-Undang. Undang-undang ini dianggap sangak kental dengan muatan politik. Hal ini bisa dilihat dalam proses perancangan sampai proses pengesahan terjadi tarik menarik di parlemen terkait rencana pemerintah untuk memberlakukan pengampunan bagi para penggemplang pajak. Pemerintah ingin memberikan ampunan kepada orang-orang yang tidak patuh pajak serta memnyimpan dananya di luar negeri.
Penelitian ini adalah kajian kepustakaan (library research) dengan melihat landasan filosofis, sosiologis, dan yuridis Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pengampunan Pajak. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik yaitu dengan cara menguraikan gambaran obyek yang diteliti berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang nampak sebagaimana adanya kemudian dianalisis untuk mengungkapkan makna-makna di balik fakta tersebut.
Dalam tulisan ini dijelaskan bahwa Undang-Undang No 11 tahun 2016 tentang Pengampunan Pajak merupakan salah satu hasil politik hukum antara pemerintah dan DPR dalam memformulasikan peraturan perundang-undangan. Draf RUU ini sebelumnya tidak terdapat dalam Prolegnas. RUU ini merupakan inisiatif pemerintah untuk membuat kebijakan dalam rangka merespon persoalan yang sedang dihadapi negara Indonesia khususnya dalam bidang perpajakan. RUU menuai kontroversi dan melalui proses panjang dan alot sebelum disahkan menjadi undang-undang.  Pembehasan yang panjang dan alot tersebut disebabkan bukan hanya materi muatan perundang-undangan, tetapi menyangkut persolan kepentingan-kepentingan politik, sosial ekonomi dan sebagainya. Semua itu harus dicari titik temu antara semua kepentingan-kepentingan tersebut.
Kata Kunci : Politik Hukum, Undang-Undang, Tax Amnesty
MENGGALI PRINSIP-PRINSIP HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM: PERSPEKTIF KESEIMBANGAN ANTARA TRADISI DAN MODERNITAS
Authors: Hardiyatullah Hardiyatullah , Qohar Abd , Adnan Idul , Fadli Muh
Published: May 2024

Dalam dinamika zaman yang terus berkembang, perspektif keseimbangan antara tradisi dan modernitas menjadi semakin relevan dalam konteks hukum keluarga Islam. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggali lebih dalam prinsip-prinsip hukum keluarga Islam, menelusuri hingga akar tradisinya, dan mengadopsi perspektif yang seimbang antara nilai-nilai yang dianut secara turun-temurun dan tuntutan-tuntutan zaman modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode teori dasar yang menggunakan data dari bahan-bahan yang bersifat kepustakaan (library research), dengan mengutamakan penggunaan jurnal-jurnal yang berkaitan dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum keluarga Islam dalam tradisi dan modernitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mencari keseimbangan antara tradisi dan modernitas memungkinkan hukum keluarga Islam untuk tetap relevan dan berfungsi efektif dalam masyarakat modern. Memahami konteks sosial dan budaya serta melakukan pembaruan dalam hukum keluarga Islam menjadi kunci untuk menjawab tuntutan zaman yang terus berkembang. Artikel ini memiliki implikasi dalam memperkuat pemahaman tentang prinsip-prinsip hukum keluarga Islam, membuka jalan menuju pembaharuan yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai universal tentang keadilan, kesetaraan, dan kesejahteraan keluarga.
POLITIK ISLAM INDONESIA SEBAGAI SENTRUM PERDAMAIAN DUNIA
Authors: Ardhani Hasbi , Basriadi Basriadi , Hamroni Hamroni , Suarjana Suarjana
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to determine the political Islam of Indonesia position in the world, it could become a center for world peace. Cause of the socio - political situation of Islam has recently faced what is called a real and inevitable paradox, accompanied by its status as the largest religion in Indonesia. In previous era, Islam managed to come out as a winner with a very real labeling and Islamic identity, other forces were unable to stem it, avoiding fear of defeat, let alone groups. But in reality, none of them last. In the socio - political dynamics of Indonesia, it turns out that Islamic politics is not necessarily easy to be a winner in political contestation in the case area and legal dimensions of Indonesia. This study is qualitative - descriptive based on field research, with historical approaches and political sociology. In conclusion, the Islamic ummah in Indonesia must be able to re-construct, re-solve and re-contextualize Indonesia's socio - political transformation. The exclusive nature of Indonesian Islam will in fact make it worse off because it is unable to withstand all changes. If the nature of inclusion becomes the main identity of Indonesian Muslims as a whole, political Islam in Indonesia will become the center of peace in the world. No country is as complex as Indonesia, in which various ethnicities, races, cultures, languages, religions and so on. But what other countries worry about Indonesia is in fact disproved. Indonesia has been able to survive until now with various differences, this is because of the Islamic figures in Indonesia. Although sometimes or even often religious issues are played only to gain power.
PERNIKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DI INDONESIA DITINJAU DARI HUKUM ISLAM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA (HAM)
Authors: Karuniawan Fathony , Adnan Idul , Nuriskandar Lalu Hendri
Published: May 2024

According to Islamic law, interfaith marriages are not permitted because they involve differences in faith. Based on the MUI fatwa Number: 4/MUNAS VII/MU/8/2005 which was issued as a result of the Second National Deliberation on 26 May to 1 June 1980 which determined that marriage between different religions is haram, the reasons are: a. Al-Qur'an Surah Al-Baqarah verse 221 explains that it is forbidden for Muslim men to marry non-Muslim women until they become believers. Apart from that, it also explains that it is forbidden for guardians to marry women under their responsibility to non-Muslim men. b. Al-Quran Surah Al-Mumtahanah verse 10 explains that believing men should not maintain their marriages with non-Muslim women, as well as non-Muslim women should be returned to Muslim men, because their marriages are forbidden by Allah. c. Al-Qur'an Surah Al-Tahrim verse 6 commands believers to guard and protect themselves and their families from the fire of hell. d. The words of the Prophet Muhammad SAW narrated by Imam Al-Tabarani taught that marriage is half of the teachings of religion. And we are instructed to be careful of the rest. e. The words of the Prophet Muhammad SAW narrated by Ibn. Al-Sura'i who taught about the importance of teaching religious education for parents to their children. Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights in Indonesia, there is an explanation about freedom of religion, there is also freedom to marry and continue offspring, as stated in Article 10 paragraph (1 ) which states that every person has the right to form a family and continue their offspring through legal marriage. Thus, the right to carry out a marriage is limited by the Marriage Law. Meanwhile, in Article 2 of the Marriage Law, a valid marriage is a marriage carried out based on their respective religions and beliefs. This article is often seen as a prohibition against interfaith marriages, because marriages must be carried out according to their respective religions and beliefs, whereas it is impossible for one marriage to be carried out with two religious ceremonies. Therefore, in carrying out an interfaith marriage, one party should follow the religion of the other party. Religious freedom in Indonesia cannot be fully implemented, because there has been coercion by the institution of marriage on someone to embrace a certain religion in order to carry out a marriage.
Keywords: Interfaith marriage, Islamic law, human rights
DAMPAK PELAKSANAAN PERATURAN GUBERNUR NO. 25 TAHUN 2017 PASAL 7 TENTANG KETENTUAN LIMA HARI KERJA TERHADAP KEHARMONISAN RUMAH TANGGA (STUDI DI KANTOR CAMAT SEKOTONG KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT)
Authors: Ulfa Rahmatun , Elpipit Elpipit , Saputra Wawan
Published: May 2024

The results of this research show that the perception of male and female employees at the Subdistrict Office regarding the five-day working day provision is that all of them say that they dominate the families of male and female employees at the Sekotong Subdistrict Office to support their families even though they have to work up to five working days, this It can be seen from the jobs of husband and wife whose income is different. Looking at the results of interviews conducted by researchers, the perceptions of male and female employees regarding the five-day working day provisions in the Sekotong Subdistrict Office environment are more focused because they have to follow regulations that must be obeyed and work also because of economic factors. The impact of marriages carried out while still working has positive and negative implications for household harmony.
It has positive implications, namely the creation of a harmonious family and more enthusiasm in carrying out daily activities (earning a living) because marriage is carried out with careful planning, full of responsibility, honesty, and mutual understanding within the family, developing the principles of deliberation, openness to each other, respecting each other, plus the husband support his wife's career. Meanwhile, the negative implications are that the family is not in harmony, because they have to work from morning to evening, even longer than office hours because they have to complete unfinished office work. There is no time for family, lack of communication and lack of love for wife and children and seeing the weak economic condition of the family. Apart from that, if a husband and wife both work from morning to evening, problems will arise in the family, such as lack of attention, lack of communication between wife and children and lack of togetherness (staying overnight).
A realistic notion of a right gyrogroup action
Authors:   Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Department of Applied Sciences, Prayagraj, U. P., India, KUMAR Akshay , KUSHWAHA Seema ,   Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Department of Applied Sciences, Prayagraj, U. P., India, UPADHYAY Sumit Kumar ,   Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Department of Applied Sciences, Prayagraj, U. P., India
Published: May 2024

The main aim of this paper is to introduce a realistic notion of an action of a right gyrogroup. Moreover, we see that the associated isotropy set is an invariant right subgyrogroup. At the end, we pose a problem for future.
A comparative analysis of path planning algorithms for unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors:   Politehnica University of Bucharest, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering / Romanian Space Agency, BIVOLARU Mirela-Mădălina
Published: May 2024

In terms of trajectory planning, the main objective is to reach a certain location in the shortest time possible, avoiding obstacles along the way. This paper proposes two path planning methods, in an environment with presence of obstacles, Probabilistic RoadMap and a fusion between Voronoi diagram and Dijkstra's Algorithm. Path planning for both algorithms is developed in the XY coordinate plane, therefore only horizontal movement is considered. This means that the UAV must fly around obstacles and cannot fly over or under them. The use of two-dimensional space in favour of three-dimensional space reduces the implementation time of the algorithm for solving the problem. Finally, an analysis of the length and the computational time of the trajectories generated by the proposed algorithms is made.
Disturbance observer-based fixed time control for bidirectional DC-DC converter with input voltage and load uncertainty
Authors:   Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Information Engineering, NO.263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, China, TIAN Xiaolong , TAO Fazhan ,   Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Information Engineering, NO.263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, China / Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, People’s Republic of China, FU Zhumu ,   Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Information Engineering, NO.263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, China / Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Laboratory of Robot and Intelligent Systems, NO.263 Kaiyuan Road, Lu, SONG Shuzhong ,   Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Information Engineering, NO.263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, China, WANG Nan ,   Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Information Engineering, NO.263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, China
Published: May 2024

The bidirectional DC-DC converter serves a vital role in the energy recovery system of new energy vehicles. However, external interference and parameter uncertainty can easily affect its dynamic performance. A disturbance observer-based fixed time control strategy for bidirectional DC-DC is proposed to address the impact of input voltage and load uncertainty on bidirectional converters. Firstly, the bidirectional converter model undergoes coordinate transformation, and disturbance observers are designed to compensate for input voltage and load disturbances. Secondly, based on the fixed time control theory, a fixed-time controller is devised for the bidirectional DC-DC converter to facilitate fast tracking and adjustment of output voltage without requiring measurement of input voltage and load current. Finally, simulation and experiment evaluations are conducted to assess the proposed scheme’s effectiveness in output voltage regulation.
The Influence of Mechanical Strains and Quantum-Size Effects on the Photosensitivity of Ge/Ge(x)Si(1-x) Nanofilm
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, Lvivska street 75, 43018 Lutsk, Ukraine, LUNIOV S. , SHYGORIN P. ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Volya Avenue 13, 43025 Lutsk, Ukraine, VENHRYN B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Stepan Bandera street 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Calculations of the maximum light wavelength of intrinsic absorption for the unstrained and strained germanium nanofilm were carried out. It was established that the photosensitivity of such nanofilm with the thickness of d 10 nm significantly depends on the effects of dimensional quantization and the magnitude of internal mechanical strains. It is shown that the variation of the thickness of the germanium nanofilm and the component composition of the Ge(x)Si(1–x) substrate allow controlling by its photosensitivity in the range from 0.8 to 4 μm.
Role of an Extended d-Wave Gap on Superfluid Density and Critical Current Density in Cuprate Superconductors
Authors:   1. New Uzbekistan University, 100007 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
2. School of Engineering, Central Asian University, Tashkent 111221, Uzbekistan
3. Institute of Nuclear Physics, AS RUz, 100214 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
4. National University of Uzbekistan, 100174 Tas, GANIEV O.K.
Published: May 2024

In this study, we examined the superfluid density, ρs, and the critical current density, Jc in cuprate superconductors. To calculate the superconducting gap and the superfluid density, we applied the Chandrasekhar and Einzel approach, employing an extended d-wave symmetry of the gap. In particular, to determine the superfluid density, the temperature dependence of the extended d-wave gap magnitude has been calculated using the self-consistent gap equation. We compared the results of our calculations for the critical current density with experimental data obtained from different cuprate superconductors. In all the cases we examined, we found a good agreement between the theory and the experimental data.
Assessment of Air Pollution by Aerosols over a Coal Open-Mine Influenced Region in Southwestern Romania
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, DUMITRU A. , OLARU E.-A. ,   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Spl. Independentei 91–95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania, DUMITRU M. ,   National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, IORGA G. ,   1. University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
2.  University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry, Regina Elisabeta 4–12, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2024

The mining activity in open-pit coal sites exerts a high pressure over the surrounding environment and on the health of people working and living nearby. Using data form a total of six field campaigns, this study aimed to capture the level of exploitation activities in the residential area close to the coal open-mine in terms of mass concentrations and total carbon fractions (TC) of ambient PM10, PM2.5 samples. Sampling campaigns were performed between spring of 2018 and spring of 2020, covered both working (full time, part-time) and non-working days at the coal exploitation, and captured also the seasonal variations of different fractions of PM and of their carbonaceous fraction. Fine fraction was also analyzed based on the aerosol Angstrom exponent, determined from measurements of the aerosol scattering coefficient
at 450 nm, 550 nm and 700 nm by a nephelometer. The mass concentrations of PM and TC showed significant variations from full time working days to non-working days. The air quality (AQ) level is determined by the air quality index (AQI) specific for PM10. In situ measurements clearly indicated that AQIlocal gives better image on the level of air pollution than the AQIestim from AQ monitoring stations in the region, closest to the Matasari site. Insights into the morphology and composition of particles were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX/EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. Major elements that were identified C, O, Si, Ca, K, S, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mg, Ti have both crustal and anthropogenic origin, in various proportions.