bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Infl uence of Trickster Behavior in the Media Space on the Dynamics of Cultural Industries
Authors:   Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Serostanova Oxana B.
Published: October 2024

The trend of media consumption in recent years has been the sharp interest of the mass audience in communication and entertainment. This practice can also be traced in the dynamics of the development of cultural industries, where the emergence of new words (“blog”, “podcast”, “hashtag”, etc.) is noted. This indicates that the media continues to play a huge role in the production and preferences of certain cultural products. Under the infl uence of mediatization, there is a steady demand for behavioral models that, based on humor, irony or deception, contribute to changing the existing order. One of these models is trickster behavior. Such actions in the society of impressions are perceived as a form of entertainment. The purpose of this article is to attempt a philosophical understanding of such transformations in public consciousness and media consumption in the context of cultural and economic dynamics. My thesis is that the trickster, who is a universal archetypal fi gure immersed in a socio-cultural context, plays an important role both in mythology and in religion, culture, media, economics, and politics. It serves as a unifying principle in the process of forming the social memory of peoples, exposing the negative qualities of man and society, showing the level of existing values and morality. Sociocultural, semiotic, historiosophical, communicative and psychoanalytic approaches have been applied to the study of trickster behavior. As a result of the research, manipulative tactics used by tricksters in the media space have been identifi ed, which make it possible to implement a strategy of theatricality: in behavior and speech on the verge of “norm – outrageousness”, an unconventional vision of the situation, a reaction to the challenges of social reality, the introduction of new cultural mythologies into public consciousness. The infl uence of their actions on the formation of sociocultural stereotypes is noted. The study expands the understanding of trickster behavior through the prism of established trends in media consumption and reproduction of cultural products (movies, games, blogs, performances by media personalities, etc.). The relevance of the trickster model of behavior is justifi ed by the digitalization and mediatization of the space of human existence. Keywords: trickster, trickster behavior, cultural industries, archetype, cultural mythologies
Bacterial Co-Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in Urinary Tract Infection of Covid-19 Patients in Erbil City
Authors: Wissam Albeer Nooh  , Khadija Khalil Mustafa
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns over secondary infections because it has limited treatment options and empiric antimicrobial treatment poses serious risks of aggravating antimicrobial resistance. Many studies have shown that COVID-19 patients are predisposed to developing secondary infections. The prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTI) was evaluated in 248 patients admitted to different hospitals in Erbil city, Iraq. Results showed 138 (55.65%) patients were positive for bacterial growth, of which 72 isolates of Gram-negative and 66 isolates of Gram-positive bacteria were isolated and identified from the urine of COVID-19 patients depending on the 16S rRNA gene using PCR. The predominant obtained bacteria were Staphylococci species, of which isolates belong to 6 species, and the predominant Gram-negative species was Pseudomonas spp. which belongs to 4 species. Also, their susceptibility to 15 antibiotics was tested and it was found that most of the Gram-negative isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin 66(91.66%), amoxicillin 60(83.33%), cephalexin 52(72.22%) and cefixime 50(69.44%). While the most effective antibiotic was imipenem, and with percentage of 26(36.11%), it also showed variable sensitivity to other antibiotics. For Gram-positive bacteria, the highest resistance was against cefixime 40(60.60%), ampicillin 28(42.42%), and 18(27.27%) for both amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin, while the most effective antibiotic was gentamicin, which showed effectiveness against all the Gram-positive isolates. Another part of the study concerned with detection of the existence of ESBLs genes responsible for antibiotic resistance. The results revealed that all the isolates possessed the 16S rRNA gene, whereas blaTEM and blaCTX-M were found to be the most possessed genes in all the isolates, with a percentage of (88.33%).
A Study on the Allelopathic Effects of Wild Barley (Hordeum spontaneum) Residue Incorporated with Soil on Growth of Some Plant species
Authors: Didar J. Tawfeeq  , Ali Kawa A.
Published: October 2024

This study examines the allelopathic effects of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) on the growth and yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Shamamar-Hawler/  Kurdistan Region of Iraq using a complete randomized factorial design (CRD) within 3 replications. The roots, shoots, and seeds of wild barley were dried, powdered, and added to the soil at different concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) in 500 g pots. Each pot was planted with 5 seeds, which were later reduced to 3 seedlings. Growth parameters such as shoot and root lengths, dry weights, number of tillers, weight of spikes, seeds number per plant, and biological yield was measured. The results indicated significant effects of wild barley residues on the studied crops. Wheat showed the highest roots, shoots and total lengths were (29.56 cm, 17.05 cm and 46.58 cm, respectively) and the highest shoots and roots dry weights were (0.24 g and 0.30 g). Barley showed the highest number of stems (1.96) but the lowest shoots and dry weights of roots were (0.11 g and 0.23 g). Wild barley had the highest biological weight and harvest index (HI). Among the plant parts, seed extracts significantly enhanced growth parameters, while roots and shoots extract had the greatest inhibitory effects as wild barley residue concentrations increased. Nevertheless, the HI showed a decline as the concentrations increased, suggesting a detrimental effect on growth efficiency. The study shows the potential of wild barley as a bio-herbicide, emphasizing its allelopathic effects. This suggests that agricultural practices should be carefully considered to maximize the efficiency of crops. Incorporating these results into precision agriculture can greatly improve crop management and increase yield.
Wastewater Management as a Part of Solution for Water Resources Problem in Erbil City
Authors: Bahar Ahmed  , Shuokr Qarani Aziz  , Sarwah Othman Ismael  , Kasro Kakil Dizayee
Published: October 2024

In Erbil City, municipal wastewater (MWW) is disposed directly without any treatment processes in the natural environment water body and in some places used for irrigation purposes. Untreated MWW causes problems for the environment, and people's health. Water quantity and quality variation produce complications for water sources in Erbil City, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. There is a lack of performing MWW management fundamentals in the area as well. This research aimed to study the MWW management in Erbil City, presenting water resource difficulties and bringing about suitable solutions for the water resource problems, and also to highlight the risk for the poor Management. MWW Data on Erbil municipal (EMWW) water quality parameters were collected and analyzed for the study period (four months), beginning in October 2022 and ending in March 2023. Twelve EMWW quality parameters were captured and tested in the Laboratory, arranged, and compared with MWW disposal criteria and local standards. The following MWW parameters include pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), chloride (CL), total solids (TS), total alkalinity, total acidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and colour. The results showed that Erbil's MWW characteristics in terms of temperatures ranged between 11-23 °C and in turn, affected biological species activities.  Maximum PH value was 7.7.  Total alkalinity found in the range from 140 to 178 mg/l. Chloride concentration results showed for October was 62 mg/l and the maximum value was 80 mg/l in November due to the increment in temperature and evaporation. The range of the COD values of sewage water for five months was 246 -773 mg. Erbil's MWW's moderate to medium strength may be treated and utilized for landscaping, fountains, and irrigation, minimizing the need for fresh water from resources like wells and surface water in the Greater Zab River.
Evaluation of postoperative pain on Transversus Abdominis Plane block and Erector Spinae Plane block in patients undergoing gynecological surgery: a prospective, comparative study
Authors: Tavianto D. , Pison O. M. , Rakhmatullah Azka Putra
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Moderate to severe pain after gynecological surgery has an impact on postoperative recovery and mobilization. Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block and Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block have been used as multimodal analgesia for abdominal surgery. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare postoperative pain in patients undergoing either ESP blocks or TAP blocks, and the need for postoperative morphine in patients undergoing gynecological surgery.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a single-center, prospective, double-arm, comparative study. Forty subjects were enrolled in this study, and classified into two groups. One group of 20 subjects underwent ESP block, and the remaining 20 subjects underwent TAP block following a gynecologic surgical procedure. Patients were then assessed using with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score which will be observed at intervals of 0–1 hour, 1–6 hours, 6–12 hours, and 12–24 hours. Numerical data analysis was done using an unpaired T-test on normally distributed data and the Mann-Whitney test on non-normally distributed data. Categorical data analysis was done using Fisher's Exact Test.
RESULTS: NRS score at rest was higher in the TAP block group at 1–6 hours and 6–12 hours (pain scale 3) than in the ESP block group (pain scale 1). Movement-evoked pain NRS score was higher in the TAP block groups significantly.
CONCLUSION: ESP block results in a lower postoperative pain score NRS value and reduces the need for morphine in post-gynecological surgery patients with a median incision compared to the TAP block.
Гиповолемический шок у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации Общероссийской общественной организации «Федерация анестезиологов и реаниматологов»
Authors: Заболотских Игорь Борисович , Григорьев Е. В. , Афончиков В. С. , Буланов А. Ю. , Григорьев С. В. , Кузовлев А. Н. , Кузьков В. В. , Лахин Р. Е. , Лебединский К. М. , Орлова О. В. , Ройтман Е. В. , Синьков С. В. , Шень Н. П. , Щеголев А. В.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the main provisions of clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypovolemic shock in adults, approved by the All-Russian public organization "Federation of Anesthesiologists and Resuscitators" in 2024. The relevance of the problem is associated with a significant prevalence and high mortality rates in hypovolemic shock. The recommendations include issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of hypovolemic shock. The features of intensive care for hypovolemic shock are presented, including approaches to the administration of vasopressor and inotropic drugs, recommendations for the choice of infusion and adjuvant therapy, including the correction of coagulopathy in hemorrhagic shock. The issues of resuscitation damage control strategy are discussed. The criteria for the quality of medical care for adult patients with hypovolemic shock and algorithms for the doctor's actions in the diagnosis and intensive care of patients with hypovolemic shock are presented.
Ультразвуковой мониторинг легких при COVID-19 пневмониях в ОРИТ: межэкспертная повторяемость при выполнении врачами анестезиологами-реаниматологами: ретроспективное двухцентровое когортное исследование
Authors: Щепарев Иван Сергеевич , Теплых Б. А. , Проценко Д. Н. , Кузовлев А. Н.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: The subjectivity of ultrasound is a well-recognized limitation of the technique. This issue is particularly relevant for specialists with varying levels of experience performing routine ultrasound monitoring of intensive care unit patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia. To achieve optimal interrater agreement, it is essential to determine which protocol and lung ultrasound (LUS) scale are most effective. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interrater agreement of a 16-zone protocol using semiquantitative lung ultrasound (LUS) and the LUS NMHC (National Medical-Surgical Center) scales in intensive care unit patients with COVID-19, with assessments performed by both an expert and a novice specialist. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 161 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia who underwent both computed tomography and lung ultrasound within 24 hours of admission. Lung ultrasound images were recorded as cine loops and scored by both an expert and a novice reader. The 16-zone protocol was tested using two types of scales, including the original LUS NMHC, to determine which provided the most reliable agreement between specialists with different levels of experience. RESULTS: The 16-zone protocol demonstrated high interrater agreement regardless of the scale used (LUS or LUS NMHC), with a correlation of scores between operators greater than 0.9 (p > 0.001). This strong correlation (R > 0.9, p > 0.001) was consistent regardless of the time elapsed before the cine loops were reviewed by both experts and novices. CONCLUSIONS: The developed 16-zone protocol with the LUS NMHC score for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia shows high interrater agreement among anesthesiologists and intensivists with varying levels of ultrasound experience.
Performance and yield estimation of sugarcane varieties for pot still cachaça production
Authors: Pimentel Guilherme Vieira , Godinho Sérgio Hebron Maia , Boncompagni Guilherme , da Silva Luiz Daniel Rodrigues , Souza Fernanda Hellen Santana , Chales Amanda Santana
Published: October 2024

Cachaça is an alcoholic beverage obtained through the distillation of fermented sugarcane juice. It is the sugarcane distillate most consumed in Brazil. Despite the traditional nature and economic importance of cachaça, the production chain in Brazil is not technologically homogeneous; low-yielding varieties of sugarcane with susceptibility to various diseases are common. The pot still cachaças undergo delicate distillation processes in copper pot stills using wild yeast strains for fermentation, and the most exceptional and expensive cachaças can be found on the market in Brazil. The objective of this study was to assess modern sugarcane varieties for the production of pot still cachaça and to propose a new methodology to obtain the expected yield in liters of cachaça per hectare. A randomized block experimental design was used in a 4 (sugarcane varieties) × 3 (harvest times) factorial arrangement, with five replications. At the end of three crop seasons after harvest, the yield components, soluble solids content, and expected cachaça yield were evaluated. The highest levels of soluble solids (ºBrix) were for CTC4 and RB966928. Based on data from three crop seasons, the CTC9002 variety showed the highest stalk yield per hectare (SYH). The estimated yield methodology allowed for comprehensive assessment of the main sugarcane production characteristics, providing reliability and practicality in estimating cachaça yield. Based on analysis of yield components and mean cachaça yield (liters/ha) over three crop seasons, CTC9002 is recommended for inclusion in the panel of varieties for cachaça production.
Extraction and chemical constituents of the essential oils from Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Corymbia citriodora
Authors: Baiotto Cristiano Sartori , da Silva José Antonio Gonzalez , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Hermann Alessandro , Baiotto Luana Maria Corrêa , Beber Simony Costa , Fell Ana Paula Weber , Andres Alana Thais Gisch , Bertoldi Gabriela Matte , Krause Lenara Schalanski , Colet Christiane de Fatima
Published: October 2024

The essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson leaves have chemical constituents with fungicide potential. The objective of this work was to determine the yield and the main chemical compounds of the essential oils of these species. Plants of the two species were georeferenced and collected in municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, and identified in the Botany Laboratory of UNIJUÍ. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and the yield was based on fresh vegetable mass. The analyses of the chemical constituents were determined by CG-MS. A yield of 0.49% was obtained for R. officinalis and of 1.54% for C. citriodora. Similar to other studies, the major constituents of rosemary essential oil were camphor, 1,8-cineol, canfene and α-pineno, and the ones of eucalyptus essential oil were citronelal, isopulegol and citronelol. It is concluded that the chemical constituents are similar to those reported in the literature and the essential oil yield of the species is low and dependent on external conditions.
Transient salinity stress promotes secondary metabolites and antioxidant enzymes in Brassica plants
Authors: Lam Vu Phong , Bae Jiwon , Hong Seunghwan , Park Jongseok
Published: October 2024

This study investigated salinity stress time-dependent responses of pak choi (Brassica campestris L.), arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.), and red frill (Brassica juncea L.), focusing on growth parameters, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant activities. Salinity stress (NaCl) solution with electrical conductivity (EC) of 12.6 dS∙m⁻¹ was introduced to the rhizosphere at the specific time: from 2:00 pm on day 6 to 2:00 pm on day 7 (1st week (W)), 2:00 pm on day 13 to 2:00 pm on day 14 (2nd W), and 2:00 pm on day 20 to 2:00 pm on day 21 (3rd W). Plant growth parameters were assessed at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after transplantation (WAT), showing detailed changes over time. Pak choi exhibited a significant increase in biomass at 2nd W, whereas arugula and red frill showed no marked differential reactions. Glucosinolates (GLS), phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities were analyzed at 2 and 3 WAT. Maximum GLS concentrations in pak choi and arugula plants occurred in the 3rd W under 3 WAT. Phenolic concentrations in the arugula peaked under the 2nd W treatment. Regarding pak choi, the 1st W treatment at 3 WAT and 2nd W treatment at 2 WAT exhibited maximum DPPH scavenging activity and peroxidase (POD). The 2nd W treatment at 2 WAT indicated the highest total phenol concentration and POD activity in arugula. Red frill exhibited significantly elevated total glucosinolate concentrations under salinity conditions at 3rd W. This analysis reveals how salinity stress affects growth and biochemical responses in these vegetables, offering insights for optimizing cultivation under saline conditions.
Efficient and rapid in vitro micropropagation of MD2 and H4 pineapple varieties
Authors: SILUE Oumar , KOUADIO Samuel Kouadio Oi , KOUAME Koffi Honoré , ZRAN Emmanuel , TOURE Mah , KOUASSI Modeste Kan
Published: October 2024

Pineapple plays an important role in international trade and supports of more than a million households in Côte d’Ivoire. However, its yield is subject to pedoclimatic problems and erosion of genetic potential of plant material. This study aims to establish an effective in vitro yield protocol for MD2 and H4 pineapple varieties. Therefore, the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) combined with different concentrations of 2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP), with variable light intensity and activated charcoal on leaf shoot proliferation and elongation were tested. Analysis of variance revealed that Murashige and Skoog medium (MSB5) supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP combined with 0.25 mg/L 2-iP recorded the highest average number of microshoots (13.50 microshoots) in MD2 variety, while 2 mg/L of BAP combined with 0.5 mg/L of 2-iP recorded the best average number of shoots (15.20 microshoots) in H4 variety. Maximum microshoot elongation (7.81 cm and 7.03 cm for MD2 and H4, respectively) was obtained with 2 mg/L BAP combined with 0.25 mg/L of 2-iP. Light intensity of 1500 lux produced 14.06 and 14.86 microshoots in MD2 and H4, respectively. In contrast, maximum microshoot elongation (4.40 cm and 4.13 cm in MD2 and H4, respectively) was recorded at 2000 lux light intensity. A 2 g/L of activated charcoal inhibited microshoot proliferation. However, it induced an elongation of 7.50 cm in MD2 and 7.07 cm in H4. Microshoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 100 mg/L myo-inositol, 30 g/L sucrose, 200 mg/L glutamine, 1 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 2 g/L activated charcoal, all solidified with 6g/L agar. In conclusion, the combination of 2 mg/L BAP and 2-iP (0.25 - 0.5 mg/L) is recommended for better in vitro shoot proliferation in MD2 and H4 varieties. Light intensities of 1500 - 2000 lux are ideal for better shoot proliferation and elongation. Finally, the addition of 2 g/L activated charcoal to the medium improves shoot elongation and rooting in MD2 and H4 varieties.
Evaluation of seed sett ages and stem segment position on sugarcane yield and yield related traits
Authors: Bunphan Darika , Wanna Ruchuon , Pinta Wanwipa , Aninbon Chorkaew , Malambane Goitseone
Published: October 2024

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) plays a vital role in tropical and sub-tropical economies due to its high sucrose content, bioenergy potential, and drought resistance. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of different seed sett (seed material) ages and variations in stem position of the seed setts on both yield and yield related traits of sugarcane cv. Khon Kaen3 (KK3). The experiment was laid out by 3×3 factorial in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Factor A represented sugarcane seed sett ages (8, 9 and 10 months old), factor B represented different stem positions where seed setts segments were sectioned out (basal, mid and top part) and- used as planting material (clones). Agronomic management was administered at recommended rates and the growth, development and yield traits were observed. The results showed that seed sett ages influenced the number of tillers at specific growth stages, while different segments affected leaf area (LA) and stalk fresh weight. Seed sett age and position showed significant interactions for some traits. Notably, juice yield was significantly affected by both seed sett ages and segments, with the combination of 10-month-old seed setts and the middle segment yielding the highest juice. Brix value, a crucial trait for sugar production, remained unaffected by these factors. Dry matter accumulation was inconsistent, with seed sett ages impacting stalk dry weight. In conclusion, the results showed that most growth and development traits were not influenced by seed sett ages and stem position segments, but most importantly juice yield at maturity was influenced by seed sett age and position of stem segments. These findings enhance our understanding of sugarcane cultivation practices, offering valuable insights for optimizing planting strategies in the sugarcane industry.
Perspectives of adopting integrated weed management in Brazil
Authors: Figueiredo Junior Geide A. , Hirata Andréia C.S. , Martins Bianca A.B. , Monquero Patricia A.
Published: October 2024

Extensive agricultural production areas have made Brazil a key global producer of food and fibres, and a major consumer of herbicides. The country also excels in the field of genetically modified crops. However, challenges like limited technical support for small stakeholders and economic factors have made weed resistance problematic across various cropping systems in Brazil. Despite its growing importance, integrated weed management still faces hurdles in its full adoption. This paper discusses integrated weed management techniques within Brazil's production chains and explores management possibilities within the current technological and economic frameworks. A literature review focused on integrated weed management and its adoption in Brazilian cropping systems was conducted. It is crucial to note that the choice of integrated management techniques should be based on local conditions and challenges, technological levels, and a balance of cost, productivity, sustainability, and diversity. The paper also covers the dynamics of integrated management in response to climate change and emphasizes the significance of community involvement and education. It highlights recent and emerging technologies for managing herbicide-resistant weeds, and how this knowledge can advance integrated weed management in Brazil.
Sensory and organoleptic assessment from the byproducts of mamoncillo or quenepa Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq: Alternative food processing and morpho-physiological characterization of the fruit
Authors: López Juan Carlos Calderón , Thepanondh Sarawut , Bhaktikul Kampanad
Published: October 2024

This research aims to analyze the morpho-physiological characteristics of ripe fruit and assess the feasibility and acceptability of agro-industrial byproducts derived from mamoncillo or quenepa (Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq) fruit. In addition to this, it was considered to be the optimal harvest point, which begins at 69% of the Maturity Index. In addition, evaluations of the chemical and morphological characteristics were carried out. To gather analytical scales and calibrator data, the two ripeness phases were analyzed and compared, using the maturity index to establish the optimal harvest point. Ripe fruits have increased shell, juice, pulp, seed, length, width, and thickness than unripe fruits, with 69% maturity being best. Further, it is possible to use the pulp of Melicoccus bijugatus to make syrup, jam, or jelly among other things. For this reason, the hedonic test was conducted with panelists who had not received any prior training in order to ascertain the level of acceptance of these innovative products. The analyses showed that the highest rank given through the panelists by the hedonic test and ranks of taste was "P-2 Pattern-2" with an X = 55.5 (Rank) which is a substitute pattern "Lychee in syrup", the second-highest was X = 52 which is "T-1 Treatment i.e. Melicoccus bijugatus Jelly"' followed by "T-2 Treatment i.e. M. bijugatus in syrup" with X = 51 Rank. According to the findings of the statistical analysis, the various agro-industrial byproducts derived from Melicoccus bijugatus were positively received.
Modeling of temperature convection in microtubes under point heating: dependence of convection velocity on tilt angle
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia, Islamov A.I. , Nabiullina K.R.
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the results of a study of the dependence of the convection velocity of a liquid in a microtube on the angle of inclination during point heating. This study utilizes a previously prepared finite-volume mesh of a cone-shaped microtube for use within the OpenFOAM software package. A detailed analysis and description of the mathematical model and a series of computational experiments using the built-in buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam solver are performed. An important step in this paper is the post-processing of the results obtained from a series of computational experiments. The paper provides a detailed description of the features of the data processing carried out for direct quantitative comparison of the results obtained in the individual experiments of the series. In the conducted computational experiments, quantitative data were obtained to reveal the dependence of the liquid convection velocity in a microtube on the angle of inclination during spot heating. From the obtained results, a significant influence of the inclination angle on the convection velocity was revealed, which can serve as a solution for the problems of optimization of mixing processes in microscale systems in the future.
Comparison of Arthropod Diversity in Organic and Conventional Rice Cultivation in Trawas District, Mojokerto Regency
Authors: Ayumi Cicik Nur , Rahardjo Bambang Tri
Published: October 2024

Different cultivation techniques for rice (Oryza sativa L.) are known to affect arthropod populations and diversity levels. This research was conducted to study how arthropod diversity can be affected by different cultivation techniques. The research was carried out from October 2022 to March 2023. Arthropod diversity observations were carried out in the organic rice field of Kampung Pertanian Organik Brenjonk and a conventional rice field belonging to a farmer in Penanggungan Village, Trawas District, Mojokerto Regency. Data were collected weekly for 12 observations. Arthropods were collected using passive methods, such as pitfall and yellow sticky traps, and active methods, such as sweep netting and handpicking. The data were analyzed to assess the diversity level. The results showed more arthropods in the organic rice field, with 1815 individuals consisting of 4 classes, 13 orders, 52 families, 70 genera, and 74 morphospecies. In contrast, in the conventional rice field, 1028 individuals were found, consisting of 3 classes, ten orders, 28 families, 32 genera, and 33 morphospecies. The calculation results of arthropod diversity levels showed that the organic field is better than the conventional field.
Automated Real-Time Tool for Promoting Crisis Resource Use for Suicide Risk (ResourceBot): Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Coppersmith Daniel DL , Bentley Kate H , Kleiman Evan M , Jaroszewski Adam C , Daniel Merryn , Nock Matthew K
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Real-time monitoring captures information about suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) as they occur and offers great promise to learn about STBs. However, this approach also introduces questions about how to monitor and respond to real-time information about STBs. Given the increasing use of real-time monitoring, there is a need for novel, effective, and scalable tools for responding to suicide risk in real time.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to develop and test an automated tool (ResourceBot) that promotes the use of crisis services (eg, 988) in real time through a rule-based (ie, if-then) brief barrier reduction intervention.

METHODS

ResourceBot was tested in a 2-week real-time monitoring study of 74 adults with recent suicidal thoughts.

RESULTS

ResourceBot was deployed 221 times to 36 participants. There was high engagement with ResourceBot (ie, 87% of the time ResourceBot was deployed, a participant opened the tool and submitted a response to it), but zero participants reported using crisis services after engaging with ResourceBot. The most reported reasons for not using crisis services were beliefs that the resources would not help, wanting to handle things on one’s own, and the resources requiring too much time or effort. At the end of the study, participants rated ResourceBot with good usability (mean of 75.6 out of 100) and satisfaction (mean of 20.8 out of 32).

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights both the possibilities and challenges of developing effective real-time interventions for suicide risk and areas for refinement in future work.
A Systematic Review of Smartphone Applications that Address Patient Care in the Peri-Operative Period (Preprint)
Authors: El-Hadi Hadal , Chan Brandon Lok-Hang , Siu Brian Wai-Hei , Ko Ivan Ching-Ho , Leung David Ka-Wai , Teoh Jeremy Yuen-Chun , Chiu Peter Ka-Fung , Ng Chi-Fai , Elizabeth Hannah , Liu Alex Qinyang
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

The use of smartphone applications by patients can be utilized to transform peri-operative care. With the ever-evolving landscape, updated systematic review is needed in this field.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims at summarising the smartphone-based applications used by patients as discussed in academic literature in the setting of peri-operative patient care.

METHODS

Seven databases were searched to identify articles discussing the use of smartphone applications by patients peri-operatively. Articles were included if they examined the use of smartphone-based applications in the setting of the perioperative period and examined the application’s usability and effectiveness. Each paper was appraised using CASP checklists and analysed by the thematic synthesis method.

RESULTS

Eighteen articles were selected for this study from 8,204 articles initially obtained. Themes that emerged from the analysis include the benefits of smartphone applications in peri-operative patient care: (1) patient education and instruction, (2) clear communication, (3) decreasing complications and use of healthcare resources, (4) postoperative monitoring and pain control, (5) improved patient support, satisfaction and safety. Other themes also emerged such as requirements of a practical smartphone application, what to include in smartphone application assessments, limitations of smartphone application studies and future directions of smartphone applications regarding patient peri-operative care.

CONCLUSIONS

The landscape of mobile applications is exponentially growing and their use in the peri-operative period is imminent for the future. Their use can improve communication between surgical care professionals, enhance patient care in the perioperative period, and strengthen medical education. Further studies, validation tools and improvements will be required to implement their use and demonstrate outcomes that can guide recommendations surrounding their use.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Voluntrip atau Voluntrap? Mengungkap Permasalahan Etis dalam Voluntourism for Profit: Studi Kasus Project Bakti Milenial #6 Banda Neira
Authors: Nisa An Nuur Khairune , Fadin Delfyan Intan Nurmala
Published: October 2024

This study examined the ethical concerns related to profit-driven voluntourism, specifically highlighting Project Bakti Millenial #6 in Banda Neira. The study sought to elucidate the ethical issues and obstacles inherent in voluntourism, emphasizing the intricacies of merging voluntary activity with commercially-driven tourism activities, which was termed a 'voluntrap'. This study offered a comprehensive examination of the ethical implications and repercussions of such programs and delivered a critical analysis of Project Bakti Millenial #6 as a case study. This research revealed that the complexities stemming from the commercialization of voluntourism underscore ethical concerns, including deceptive claims, information manipulation, and business practices that commodify social activities, thereby necessitating a heightened sense of responsibility in fulfilling the altruistic objectives of voluntourism. Organizing voluntourism necessitates the active involvement of local communities, financial transparency, ethical education, partnership with qualified entities, and enhanced communication to assure sustainability, foster trust, and prevent future issues.
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation is Associated with Worse Outcomes in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Douglas Chloe E. , Bradford Miranda C. , Engen Rachel M. , Ng Yue-Harn , Wightman Aaron , Mokiao Reya , Bartosh Sharon , Dick André A.S. , Smith Jodi M.
Published: October 2024

Key Points

This is the largest US cohort study investigating neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and outcomes among pediatric kidney transplant recipients.

High neighborhood deprivation was associated with worse graft survival and lower access to preemptive and living donor transplantation.

Findings demonstrate inequities in pediatric kidney transplantation associated with neighborhood-level factors that warrant intervention.

Background

Social determinants of health shape a child's transplant course. We describe the association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, transplant characteristics, and graft survival in US pediatric kidney transplant recipients.

Methods

US recipients younger than 18 years at the time of listing transplanted between January 1, 2010, and May 31, 2022 (N=9178) were included from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. Recipients were stratified into three groups according to Material Community Deprivation Index score, with greater score representing higher neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation. Outcomes were modeled using multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

Twenty-four percent (n=110) of recipients from neighborhoods of high socioeconomic deprivation identified as being of Black race, versus 12% (n=383) of recipients from neighborhoods of low socioeconomic deprivation. Neighborhoods of high socioeconomic deprivation had a much greater proportion of recipients identifying as being of Hispanic ethnicity (67%, n=311), versus neighborhoods of low socioeconomic deprivation (17%, n=562). The hazard of graft loss was 55% higher (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24 to 1.94) for recipients from neighborhoods of high versus low socioeconomic deprivation when adjusted for base covariates, race and ethnicity, and insurance status, with 59% lower odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.41; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.56) of living donor transplantation and, although not statistically significant, 8% lower odds (aOR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.19) of preemptive transplantation. The hazard of graft loss was 41% higher (aHR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.60) for recipients from neighborhoods of intermediate versus low socioeconomic deprivation when adjusted for base covariates, race and ethnicity, and insurance status, with 27% lower odds (aOR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.81) of living donor transplantation and 11% lower odds (aOR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.99) of preemptive transplantation.

Conclusions

Children from neighborhoods of high socioeconomic deprivation have worse graft survival and lower utilization of preemptive and living donor transplantation. These findings demonstrate inequities in pediatric kidney transplantation that warrant further intervention.
Classification of Predictors of Rapid Development of Kidney Failure and Short-Term Changes in Concentration of Circulating Proteins
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroki , Looker Helen C. , Ihara Katsuhito , Md Dom Zaipul I. , Satake Eiichiro , Tye Sok Cin , Duffin Kevin L. , Doria Alessandro , Nelson Robert G. , Krolewski Andrzej S.
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Short-term changes (deltas) in concentrations of 40 circulating proteins were good predictors of fast development of ESKD in diabetes.

Comparing deltas and baseline concentrations of circulating proteins predicting ESKD, we distinguished biomarkers of initiation, progression, or both.

Biomarkers of initiation and progression predominantly included proteins flagging apoptosis processes and TNF receptor signaling pathways.

Background

Limited knowledge exists regarding short-term changes/increases in concentrations of circulating proteins (referred here as deltas) and rapid development of kidney failure (rapid KF) in diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Concentrations of 452 circulating proteins were measured using the OLINK proteomics platform at baseline and after a median interval of 3–4 years in 106 individuals with type 1 and 77 with type 2 diabetes in two case–control studies. During 10-year follow-up, 31 and 26 individuals, respectively, developed rapid KF.

Results

Deltas for 40 proteins predicted rapid KF in both studies. All were better predictors than delta urine albumin–creatinine ratio, and half were better than delta glomerular filtration rate. Comparing the delta proteins with 46 circulating proteins of which elevated baseline concentrations were predictors of rapid KF risk in our previous study, 61 unique proteins were identified. Among these proteins, 21 were good predictors of rapid KF only when measured at baseline (predictors of initiation), 15 were good predictors when measured as deltas (predictors of progression), and 25 were good predictors when both baseline and delta concentrations were used (predictors of initiation and progression). An index score, developed for the latter 25 proteins, provided superior prediction of rapid KF. A subset of these latter proteins was associated with apoptotic processes/TNF receptor signaling pathways.

Conclusions

Development of rapid KF in diabetes was preceded by elevated concentrations of multiple circulating proteins both at baseline and during short-term follow-up. Comparing baseline and short-term changes in concentrations of circulating proteins classified predictors of rapid KF risk into those associated with initiation, progression, or both. Predictors of both initiation and progression flagged apoptosis processes and TNF receptor signaling pathways. Multiprotein prognostic algorithms using proteins associated with both initiation and progression improved prediction of rapid KF risk beyond clinical variables.
Promising Neuroscience Methods in Exploring the Spatiotemporal Mechanisms underlying Speech Motor Control
Authors: Cai Xiao
Published: October 2024

Speech motor control is a complex neuromotor behavior that requires the combined efforts of feedforward control and feedback control subsystems. With the advent of neuroscience, multiple lines of research have explored the spatiotemporal mechanisms underlying this process. The purpose of this review was to point out several promising neuroscience methods and their unique values in enriching the speech motor control literature. We discussed the clinical value of noninvasive brain stimulation methods, and the theoretical value of invasive brain recording methods, as well as the predictive value of brain connectivity techniques. Based on prior findings, we propose a roadmap for future research, identifying structure-function coupling that supports speech motor control.
Measures and Recommendations for Teaching Methods of Singing during the Voice Change Period
Authors: Wang Zhiyue
Published: October 2024

Most of the students who have changed their voices have not received standardised and systematic vocal training and the cultivation of good singing sense, and they will have inconsistent tone, difficult to expand the range, difficult to grasp the pitch, difficult to control the treble voice, and they cannot apply even and coherent breath to sing, etc. If students do not receive correct and scientific singing guidance without systematic and standardised vocal training, their singing level and singing quality will not change significantly. If the students in the period of voice change cannot be guided by correct and scientific singing, and do not carry out systematic and standardised vocal training, the students' singing level and singing quality will not change greatly. This stage of the student singing, sometimes shouting singing but completely ignore the pitch, quality, tone, some students like to false voice without closing the strength of the soft humming, to a slightly higher pitched area of a small number of students will use the falsetto singing up, but the lack of a certain degree of strength and resonance, and some of them with a low octave singing; or because of the failure to grasp the flexible use of the breath of the skills and good habits, the students are often chaotic change of breath, the sound is pale, pale, and the sound is not good. Or because they have not mastered the skills and good habits of using the breath, students often change their breath randomly, and the sound they produce is pale and dry. These phenomena are all caused by the fact that students do not master the basic vocal method, do not develop the habit of singing, and do not know how to use the skills of voice mixing, and so on.
CONTROL SYSTEM OF CATENARY CONTINOUS VULCANIZATION LINE FOR RUBBER CABLES
Authors: Kocić Igor , Nikolić Saša S. , Perić Staniša , Madić Miloš , Trifunović Milan , Danković Nikola
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the control system of a continuous vulcanization line for the production of cables and conductors with rubber insulation, where the vulcanization process takes place in water and steam (vapour) atmosphere. The control, monitoring and recording of relevant parameters of the whole technological process was carried out with help of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and HMI (Human Machine Interface) and KepwareEx server. The control system is used to generate control signals for the regulation of speed, tension force, extruder temperature, water level and steam pressure in the vulcanization tube according to the technological parameters of the line. The monitoring system enables visualization of all technological units of the line via the HMI screens. The parts and entirety of the line are represented by conveniently drawn symbols that change colour depending on the current state and display the variables relevant to the operation of this object. Through the use of the KepwareEx server and database, the values of the variables important for the operation of the plant are recorded in real time. The developed supervisory and control system allows easy operation and monitoring of all important parameters of the plant.
A REPRESENTATION FORMULA FOR THE RESOLVENT OF CONFORMABLE FRACTIONAL STURM-LIOUVILLE OPERATOR
Authors: Allahverdiev Bilender P. , Tuna Hüseyin , Yalçınkaya Yüksel
Published: October 2024

In this study, the resolvent of the conformable fractional Sturm–Liouville operator is considered. An integral representation for the resolvent of this operator is obtained.
ON THE EXISTENCE AND EXAMPLES OF HOMOGENEOUS GEODESICS IN GENERALIZED m-KROPINA SPACE
Authors: Jangir Seema , Shanker Gauree , Kaur Jaspreet , Piscoran Laurian-Ioan
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we find a necessary and sufficient condition for a non-zero vector to be a geodesic vector in homogeneous generalized m-Kropina space. Further, we prove the existence of at least one homogeneous geodesic. However, it is conjectured that the outcomes and proofs in the case of Finsler geometry are not ideal, since general Finsler metrics are non-reversible. In Finsler geometry, the trajectory of unique homogeneous geodesic should be regarded as two geodesics with initial vectors X and -X. Hence, we construct an (n + 1)-dimensional and a 4-dimensional space to find homogeneous geodesics explicitly.
Peer instruction in chemistry classes: systematic review on contributions and possibilities
Authors: Herzer Griebeler Cassiana , Passos Camila Greff , Selvero Pazinato Maurícius
Published: October 2024

This work provides a mapping of studies concerning Peer Instruction (PI) in the teaching of chemistry. To this end, a systematic review was undertaken of how PI has been implemented and investigated in chemistry classes, as well as the impact of PI on the learning outcomes of students. The review covers the period from 1991 to 2022. The reported studies were mainly conducted at higher education institutions, at public universities in England, Turkey, the USA, and Brazil. In chemistry courses, the PI method was implemented in subareas such as general chemistry, physical chemistry, and analytical chemistry. Some studies adapted PI to online courses, while others compared different types of peer groups and investigated the influence of different factors on PI, such as pre-class reading and showing live voting results. The effectiveness of PI varied depending on the way it was implemented, such as in peer grouping, online activities, or presential classes. The outcomes of PI in chemistry classes have mainly been monitored by means of the perceptions of the students, with performance in answering conceptual questions frequently being used as an assessment tool. This review found only a few studies concerning PI in chemistry, particularly in high school chemistry classes. Additionally, pre-class activities were not widely employed. Most of the articles utilized quantitative analysis and indicated positive outcomes for the learning process.