bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MicroRNAs -122 and -1247 restrain the pathogenicity of effector CD4+ T cells in autoimmune inflammation
Authors: Silva-Santos Bruno , Cunha Carolina , Romero Paula , Inácio Daniel , Pais Ana , Pelicano Catarina , Costa Marina , Mensurado Sofia , Gonçalves-Sousa Natacha , Papotto Pedro , Neves Daniel , Sobral Daniel , Enguita Francisco , Gomes Anita
Published: April 2024

A hallmark of autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS) is an imbalance between CD4+ T cell subsets, namely pro-inflammatory T helper 1 (Th)1 and Th17 cells, and anti-inflammatory Foxp3+ regulatory cells (Treg). Here we investigated which and how microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate these CD4+ T cell subsets in a pre-clinical model of MS. We established a triple reporter mouse for Ifng, Il17 and Foxp3, subjected it to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and identified the miRNomes of purified Th1, Th17 and Treg cells. We found that miR-122-5p and miR-1247 target specific sets of mRNAs to restrain Th17 cell proliferation and Th1 cell differentiation, respectively, thus impacting on the course or severity of EAE. Cytokine-regulated miR-122-5p and miR-1247 expression levels inversely associated with pathogenic gene signatures between lymphoid and central nervous systems, indicating that these miRNAs act as peripheral brakes to CD4+ T cell pathogenicity that are subverted in the inflamed target organ.
Rapid auditory and phonemic processing relies on the left planum temporale
Authors: Martin Kelly C. , DeMarco Andrew T. , Dyslin Sara M. , Turkeltaub Peter E.
Published: April 2024

After initial bilateral acoustic processing of the speech signal, much of the subsequent language processing is left-lateralized. The reason for this lateralization remains an open question. Prevailing hypotheses describe a left hemisphere (LH) advantage for rapidly unfolding information—such as the segmental (e.g., phonetic and phonemic) components of speech. Here we investigated whether and where damage to the LH predicted impaired performance on judging the directionality of frequency modulated (FM) sweep stimuli that changed within short (25ms) or longer (250ms) temporal windows. Performance was significantly lower for stroke survivors (n = 50; 18 female) than controls (n = 61; 34 female) on FM Sweeps judgments, particularly on the short sweeps. Support vector regression lesion-symptom mapping (SVR-LSM) revealed that part of the left planum temporale (PT) was related to worse performance on judging the short FM sweeps, controlling for performance on the long sweeps. We then investigated whether damage to this particular area related to diminished performance on two levels of linguistic processing that theoretically depend on rapid auditory processing: stop consonant identification and pseudoword repetition. We separated stroke participants into subgroups based on whether their LH lesion included the part of the left PT that related to diminished short sweeps judgments. Participants with PT lesions (PT lesion+, n = 24) performed significantly worse than those without (PT lesion-, n = 26) on stop consonant identification and pseudoword repetition, controlling for lesion size and hearing ability. Interestingly, PT lesions impacted pseudoword repetition more than real word repetition (PT lesion-by-repetition trial type interaction), which is of interest because pseudowords rely solely on sound perception and sequencing, whereas words can also rely on lexical-semantic knowledge. We conclude that the left PT is a critical region for processing auditory information in short temporal windows, and it may also be an essential transfer point in auditory-to-linguistic processing.
Designing Incremental Knowledge Enrichment in Generative Pre-trained Transformers
Authors: Kowalczyk Emilia A. , Nowakowski Mateusz , Brzezińska Zofia
Published: April 2024

This article presents a novel approach to Incremental Knowledge Enrichment tailored for GPT-Neo, addressing the challenge of keeping Large Language Models (LLMs) updated with the latest information without undergoing comprehensive retraining. We introduce a dynamic linking mechanism that enables real-time integration of diverse data sources, thereby enhancing the model's accuracy, timeliness, and relevance. Through a rigorous evaluation, our method demonstrates significant improvements in model performance across several metrics. The research contributes a scalable and efficient solution to one of the most pressing issues in AI, potentially revolutionizing the maintenance and applicability of LLMs. The findings underscore the feasibility of creating more adaptive, responsive, and sustainable generative models, opening new avenues for future advancements in the field.
Exposure to air pollution in epidemiological studies in Kuwait: A systematic review
Authors: Shehab Maryam
Published: April 2024

Objective To systematically review the epidemiological studies of human exposure to air pollution in Kuwait.
Methods Specific keywords related to air pollution and health effects in Kuwait were systematically searched using PubMed and BASE search engines for published research in English language from the year 1990 up to June 2020. Non eligible studies were those which published in non-English studies, studies on animals, plants, exposure to pollutants other that air pollutants, studies related to oil fires caused by Iraqi invasion to Kuwait in 1991. After duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts of eligible studies were screened and full text of publications meeting the inclusion criteria was read. Non-epidemiological studies were included only to compare their numbers to the epidemiological studies, and to help in future studies.
Results Total of 85 studies including epidemiological and non-epidemiological studies, only 8 of them found to be an epidemiological study, which 4 of them concerned with mortality and 3 with morbidity, and 1 with both morbidity and mortality. Two of these studies concern with respiratory disease, 1 of them concerned with atopic dermatitis and was the only study measured indoors (i.e. house), and 1 study concerned with rheumatoid arthritis. One study measured ETS, 4 studies measured dust, 2 studies measured PM10 and PM2.5, and 1 study measured NO2, SO2, O3, CO. All studies found that exposure to air pollution has adverse effect on health problems (i.e. respiratory problems, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis) and mortality except one study found no significant correlation between exposure to air pollution (i.e. dust) and mortality.
Conclusion Epidemiological studies related to human exposure to air pollution in Kuwait are underestimated and insufficient, there are extremely limited studies that cannot be compared to each other. Since currently Kuwait have many major constructions in major roads in and out the capital which alters the air pollution, adding to that the new study which found that the new current global epidemic namely coronavirus COVID-19 is correlated to air pollution (i.e. NO2), new researches need to be done measuring the different pollutants in both indoor and outdoor exposure examining different health problems, these researches need to be done during and after these circumstances for comparison.
Unraveling the Genetic Interplay and Therapeutic Potentials between Major Depressive Disorder and Metabolic Syndrome: Multi-Ancestry and Multi-Trait Genome-Wide Association Analyses
Authors: Feng Yu , Jia Ningning , Gu Xiaochu , Xiao Chenxu , Shen Jing
Published: April 2024

This investigation elucidates the genetic connection between major depressive disorder (MD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), uncovering bidirectional interactions and shared pleiotropic genes. Leveraging a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset from European and East Asian populations, we discovered new genetic markers linked to MD and enhanced the robustness of genetic associations via cross-trait analysis. Moreover, the study harnessed computational strategies for drug repurposing, highlighting the potential of Cytochrome P450 and HDAC inhibitors as novel treatments for MD and MetS. Employing BLISS technology, we pinpointed proteins significantly linked to both conditions, advancing our comprehension of their molecular underpinnings. Through Mendelian randomization, we investigated how diverse dietary patterns across populations influence MD and MetS, shedding light on the relationship between diet and disease susceptibility. This research not only enriches our understanding of the intersecting biological pathways of MD and MetS but also opens avenues for innovative preventive and therapeutic measures.
Плазмобластная лимфома и плазмобластная миелома: диагностическая дилемма (обзор литературы)
Authors: Мельникова Мария Владимировна , Ковригина А. М. , Соловьева М. В.
Published: April 2024

Plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic myeloma are similar in morphology. Tumor substrate in both is characterized by large cells with blastic morphology, central or somewhat eccentric nuclei, large central nucleolus or some distinct nucleoli, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The common characteristic of both B-cell tumors is the expression of plasma cell differentiation markers (CD38, CD138, MUM-1/IRF-4, interferon regulatory factor 4, PRDM-1, PR domain zinc finger protein 1, and/or XBP-1, X-box-1 binding protein) with a frequent loss of CD20. These rare nosological entities with similar morphological and immunohistochemical features present a challenge for differential and reliable diagnosis. The present review deals with clinical signs, diagnostically significant immunohistochemical markers, and molecular genetic characteristics which are essential for differential diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic myeloma.
Лечение агрессивного системного мастоцитоза и тучноклеточного лейкоза. Обзор литературы и серия клинических наблюдений
Authors: Потапенко Всеволод Геннадьевич , Абдулхаликова З. К. , Байков В. В. , Барабанщикова М. В. , Ботина А. В. , Воробьев С. Л. , Дорофеева Н. В. , Забутова Ю. В. , Котова Н. А. , Козыро В. В. , Криволапов Ю. А. , Лисукова Е. В. , Осипов Ю. С. , Подманкова Ю. И. , Кравцова В. М. , Т.Г. Кулибаба Т.Г. Кулибаба , Лазорко Н. С. Лазорко , Морозова Е. В. , Миролюбова Ю. В. , Небелицкая О. В. , Самородова И. А. , Серков А. В. , Скорюкова К. В. , Точеная Е. Н. , Шварц О. В. , Шуваев В. А. , Эмачагли А. Г. , Медведева Н. В.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To provide case reports on the course and treatment of aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM) and mast cell leukemia (MCL).

Materials & Methods. This paper reports the histories of adult patients with ASM (n = 4) and MCL (n = 2) treated with cytoreduction predominantly at the City Clinical Hospital No. 31 (Saint Petersburg). The patients were 36–61 years of age (median 50 years); there were 4 women and 2 men.

Results. All patients showed stable response to cladribine (n = 3), imatinib (n = 2), and combined lenalidomide, elotuzumab, and dexamethasone treatment with subsequent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 1). With a median follow-up of 124 months (range 55–186 months), 1 out of 2 MCL patients died due to the concomitant hypereosinophilic syndrome progression and secondary infectious complication.

Conclusion. Cladribine therapy in 2 ASM patients and imatinib therapy in 2 MCL patients yielded stable long-term response with good quality of life being maintained. More comparative studies are required for efficacy assessment and optimum sequencing of chemotherapeutic drugs.
Плазмоклеточные опухоли в гематологических классификациях 2022 г.: WHO-HAEM5 (ВОЗ, 5-й пересмотр) и ICC (Международная консенсусная классификация). Взгляд клинициста
Authors: Семочкин Сергей Вячеславович
Published: April 2024

In 2022, the hematological community was faced with a rather non-trivial event of simultaneous publication of two competitive classifications of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors drawn up by different teams of the international leading experts. During the last 20 years, the generally recognized standard used for diagnosis was provided by several consecutive editions of classifications of hematological neoplasms published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2001, 2008, and 2016. Since the 4th edition of the WHO classification (WHO-HAEM4), new clinicopathologic, biological, and molecular knowledge has accumulated in this area, which promoted the refinement of diagnostic criteria for some diseases, the emergence of new terms, and the endorsement of notions previously defined as requiring further clarification. As a result, the next 5th edition of the WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (WHO-HAEM5) was prepared and published as a preliminary article in the Leukemia. In this regard, it is worth noting that the final version of the WHO Blue Book was not released in 2023 and, therefore, can still be accomplished by some additions. Furthermore, in the same year of 2022, the Blood published the article “The International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms” abbreviated to ICC. The authors of the two classifications hardly overlap. The present review compares these classifications with regard to new diagnostic criteria and verification of concrete clinicopathologic categories. The review largely focuses on plasma cell tumors and related B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases characterized by monoclonal immunoglobulin secretion.
Feasibility and Acceptability of Smartphone Interventions for Maternal and Child Health in Slum Settings in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Mukiibi Michael , Maghanga Mshilla
Published: April 2024

The use of mobile phones for health interventions has become increasingly popular in low-income settings, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability of a smartphone intervention to provide maternal and child health messages for women living in slum settings in Uganda. The study utilized a mixed-methods design, comprising a survey and interviews. A total of 200 women participated in the survey, and 23 women participated in the interview sessions. The results indicated a high level of acceptability of the smartphone intervention, with the majority of women expressing their willingness to receive maternal and child health messages via their mobile phones. The women reported that the messages were informative, relevant, and useful for their daily lives. They also appreciated the privacy and convenience of receiving messages on their phones. However, some women expressed concern about the cost of receiving the messages and the need for support to access and use the technology. The study findings suggest that mobile phone interventions for maternal and child health promotion are acceptable to women living in slum settings in Uganda. The findings also highlight the need for equitable access to mobile phones and support for technology use in these settings.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Utilization of HIV PrEP among Black College Students in the United States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Obasi Odii Ikenna , Y. Byun Jun , E. Vance David , Chipalo Edson , Chapman Lambert Crystal
Published: April 2024

Considering the diverse socio-cultural norms, sexual attitudes, and mental and emotional immaturity that generally exist among young adults, Black college students are behaviorally vulnerable to acquiring new HIV infections before requisite exposure to HIV prevention education. Black college students (aged 18 to 34) fall within the description of one of the highest priority populations at risk for new HIV infection given the overall under-utilization and racial disparities in the HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage among Black people in the United States (U.S). Yet, research addressing sexuality and HIV PrEP amongst Black college students are limited. This systematic review undertakes a comprehensive exploratory search of eight databases and includes four studies that have been conducted regarding Black college students HIV PrEP knowledge, attitudes and PrEP utilization in the U.S. Our findings suggest a high rate of sexual activity and hesitancy to initiate PrEP due to fear, exacerbated by low comprehensive knowledge of PrEP, low self-perceived HIV risk, and low HIV testing before any PrEP educational intervention. Positive PrEP utilization was closely associated with high self-perceived HIV risk following PrEP education, particularly when individual and structural factors were satisfactorily addressed. Current evidence suggests that PrEP is grossly under-utilized by Black college students who may benefit from it, and attitudes are driven by multiple determinants informed by psycho-social and structural barriers to PrEP access or acceptability in the U.S. Therefore, PrEP education is a potent tool for improving sexual health behaviour and attitude among Black college students.
Awareness and Knowledge of HIV in the Workplace Policy Among Employees, Employers, and Decision-makers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: M. Idiong Helen , M. Ekanem Anyiekere , Nwanja Esther , E. Idiong Prince , A. Udofia Emilia
Published: April 2024

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) anti-stigma and discrimination policies are aimed at protecting the rights of persons living with HIV (PLHIV). In response to the stigma and discrimination experienced by PLHIV in the state, Akwa Ibom State, like many states in Nigeria, enacted the HIV in the Workplace policy (HIV_WPP). Despite its adoption, many PLHIV still experience stigma and discrimination in workplaces in the state. This study was undertaken to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of the HIV_WPP and related organizational policies in Akwa Ibom State across the private and public sectors. A cross-sectional study using a mixed methods approach was conducted for 591 consecutively recruited employees and 43 employers/ decision-makers across 23 organizations in the State. Data was collected from October 2022 to February 2023. Results were analyzed using SPSS 15.1 for quantitative and NVivo 10 for qualitative data. The study showed that 464 (78.5%) employees and 42 (95.3%) of employers/decision-makers, were unaware of the Akwa Ibom State HIV in the workplace policy (AKS_HIV_WPP). Also, 560 (94.8%) employees had poor knowledge of this policy. A larger proportion of respondents knew more about their organizational policies than the AKS_HIV_WPP. Older respondents (41.1% versus 37.5%, p=0.026) had significantly higher levels of knowledge of the policy. Three hundred and twenty-four (45.2%) respondents had good knowledge of their organizational policies. The awareness and knowledge of the AKS_HIV_WPP was suboptimal. It is recommended that relevant state agencies create awareness of the AKS_HIV_WPP in all public and private organizations through public-private collaboration.
Social Work Study on the Impact of Climate Change Among Communities in Kampung Pantai Johor, Kedah
Authors: Muqri Ahmad Shukri Aiman , Yahaya Mahathir , Kamarul Bahrin Farhana
Published: April 2024

Climate change in Malaysia has led to the occurrence of flooding disasters that have a negative impact on all parties, especially the vulnerable groups, including the community in Pantai Johor Village, Kedah. Climate change refers to significant changes in average climate conditions or its variability over a long period (usually near or more). The flooding disasters have caused the Malaysian government to incur significant expenses to assist flood victims. Therefore, a qualitative study was conducted on ten respondents in Pantai Johor Village, Kedah, who were heads of households selected through purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted to obtain the necessary information. All collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The study findings indicate that flooding disasters have an impact on the community's life in Pantai Johor Village, Alor Setar, Kedah. The study found that all respondents stated that climate change has an impact on their lives. Climate change in this village has led to flooding disasters, affecting the community. For the first objective of the study, the researcher successfully answered it through discussions of the study findings. The conclusions that can be drawn by the researcher based on the study's objective, which is to examine the impact of climate change on the community in Pantai Johor Village, Kedah, are that climate change brings various negative effects on the community's life in the village. The climate change that occurs has caused economic problems and disrupted the well-being of the community.
Sex Differences in Response to Antiretroviral Therapy Among People Living With HIV/Aids Attending Art Clinic in Federal Medical Centre, Abuja
Authors: Anyanelechi Eme Okoro,
Published: April 2024

To assess gender differences in response to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART Clinic in Federal Medical Center (FMC), Abuja. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 595 HIV-positive adult patients attending HIV clinic in FMC Abuja between January 2021 and December 2022. Data was retrieved from the database of ART Clinic, FMC Abuja, for patients who have been on TDF/3TC/DTG regimen for at least six months before viral load testing. A total of 1,150 registered People Living with HIV Aids (PLWHA) received care between January 2021 and December 2022 in FMC Abuja. Only 595 had viral load test within the study period, comprising of 205 (34%) males and 390 (66%) females in a ratio of 1:1.9. The viral load of the study participants ranged from 0 to 3,970,000.00 copies/ml with a standard deviation of 310,099.63 copies/ml. 571 (96%) of the total study participants had viral load less than 1,000 copies/ml, and 200 (35%) of them were males whereas 371 (65%) were females. The remaining 24 (4%) of the study participants who had viral load greater than 1,000 copies/ml were 8 (34%) males and 16 (66%) females. The dif-ferences in the means of viral load between males and females were not statistically significant, with a p-value of 0.054. This study found a very high viral suppression and females were equally virally suppressed as the males.
Evaluation of Root Resorption and Tooth Inclination in Class II Malocclusion Patients Treated with Advansync2 Appliance – A CBCT Study
Authors: R. Rebekah. , Kumar Subramanian Aravind
Published: April 2024

The Advansync2 appliance is known as a tooth-borne fixed functional appliance consisting of bands cemented on permanent first molars in the upper and lower arches, to dissipate orthodontic forces. These fixed functional appliances could cause excessive proclination of the lower incisors, which could lead to inflammatory root resorption. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of root resorption and incisor tooth inclination changes in subjects with class II malocclusion who were treated with the Advansync2 appliance. 10 patients (6 males and 4 females ) between the age group of 13-20 years with class II malocclusion treated with Advansyc2 appliance were included. A CBCT of each of these patients was taken before and after the treatment with the Advansync2 appliance and evaluated for the amount of root resorption and tooth inclination in the mandibular incisor tooth region. The measurement of root resorption was made using the axial navigation method. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (version 22.0). A paired t-test was used to detect changes in the root length before and after the use of the Advansync2 appliance. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the parameters of the angle of inclination as the data was not normally distributed. There was a statistically significant reduction of the mandibular anterior tooth roots by 0.52mm (p =0.01). The angle of inclination for the mandibular incisor region was reduced by 5.73 ° indicative of proclined incisors (p = 0.005).
A Comparative Study Regarding Career Perspectives of Intern Doctors in Government & Private Medical College Hospitals of Bangladesh
Authors: Faysal Ahmed Mohammad , Nahar Mahibun , Islam Hamidul , Ali Tohor , Banik Mitali
Published: April 2024

The medical carrier chosen by intern doctors as their careers is an important determinant of the future supply of doctors in different specialties, and it is important for the planning of workforce in health-care services. The objective of this study was to compare the pattern of career perspective of intern doctors in government and private medical college hospitals of Bangladesh. This was a comparative cross-sectional type of study carried out among 161 intern Doctor of Government Medical college hospital and 152 intern doctors of private medical college hospital from January to December 2018. Majority (83.4%) of the respondents was unmarried and most of them (82.4%) belonged to Islam. Majority (66.9%) of the respondents (government and private medical college) want to join in government services and the association was statistically significant (p=0.000). A large number of respondents (77.9%) wanted to practice in Bangladesh. The association between type of medical college and intended practice location was not statistically significant (p=0.610). Majority (68.3%) of the respondents want to practice in Dhaka city and the association was statistically significant (p=0.000). About 42.8% of the respondents opted for Medicine as their first choice. Most (91.1%) of the respondents did not have any intention of changing profession and very few (8.9%) of them have intention of changing the profession. The study recommends improving the facilities in Basic subjects for attracting intern doctors to develop their career in these fields.
Libre formación del convencimiento del juez para decidir sobre el dictamen de pérdida de capacidad laboral
Authors: Marín Ramírez Sebastián
Published: April 2024

El dictamen de pérdida de capacidad laboral en Colombia es un documento de carácter técnico y científico que requiere de un conocimiento especial para su elaboración; no obstante, los elementos que lo componen pueden ser controvertidos judicialmente. De allí que vale la pena plantearse si el Juez está sometido a una tarifa legal o prueba solemne para modificar los aspectos que componen los dictámenes.
Este artículo realiza una descripción del proceso actual de calificación de la pérdida de la capacidad laboral y analiza, desde una perspectiva jurisprudencial, si para decidir sobre aspectos del dictamen de pérdida de capacidad laboral, el juez en Colombia está sometido a una tarifa legal o, por el contrario, puede formarse libremente el convencimiento de conformidad con la regla general establecida en el artículo 61 del Código Procesal del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social. Asimismo, se realizan unas reflexiones en torno a los resultados encontrados, los cuales apuntan a que el juez no está sometido a una solemnidad probatoria. Se consultó la jurisprudencia de la Sala Laboral de la Corte Suprema de justicia durante los años 2017 a 2021, las normas vigentes y la literatura encontrada en bases de datos, utilizando cómo términos de búsqueda las mismas palabras claves.
Reflexiones acerca de la ley de identidad de género en Chile con especial énfasis en niños, niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Mondaca Contreras Constanza , Astudillo Meza Constanza , Méndez-Royo Daniela
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objeto realizar una reflexión acerca de la Ley N° 21.120 que regula la identidad de género y permite la rectificación de nombre y sexo registral a las personas mayores de 14 años en Chile, excluyendo a los niños, niñas y adolescentes menores de 14 años. Nuestro trabajo pretende realizar una revisión de la normativa actual; examinar la forma en que, antes de la ley vigente, los tribunales se hacían cargo del tema; y estudiar la incidencia del principio de autonomía progresiva de la voluntad y el derecho a ser oído de los niños, niñas y adolescentes en la autodeterminación de su derecho a la identidad.
El análisis de la función de advertencia y su incidencia en el principio constitucional de separación de poderes
Authors: Cuervo Martínez Luz Águeda
Published: April 2024

En este artículo de reflexión se analiza la función de advertencia como herramienta para efectivizar el control preventivo y concomitante establecido en el Acto Legislativo 04 de 2019, el cual reformó el sistema de control fiscal en Colombia. El propósito es determinar la incidencia que tiene la aplicación de la mencionada herramienta en el principio constitucional de separación de poderes.
A título de conclusión se plantea que efectivamente la función de advertencia tiene un alcance disuasorio capaz de incidir en las decisiones administrativas de las entidades que son objeto de este control generando con ello un tipo de coadministración y, por ende, la vulneración al principio de separación de poderes.
Participación de niños, niñas y adolescentes en los procesos de mediación familiar en Chile a la luz de la Ley N° 21.430
Authors: Espinoza Ortega Elcila Gizella
Published: April 2024

Este trabajo estudia la garantía y protección integral, el ejercicio efectivo y goce pleno del derecho de niños, niñas y adolescentes a participar activamente en los procesos de mediación familiar en Chile, a la luz de la Ley Nº 21.430, sobre Garantías y Protección Integral de los Derechos de la Niñez y Adolescencia. La autora se propone analizar el marco normativo vigente a tenor de los estándares internacionales derivados de la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño, mediante la aplicación del método dogmático, con la finalidad de aportar al reconocimiento de NNA como sujetos titulares de derechos. Se concluye que la regulación normativa de la mediación familiar en Chile resulta insuficiente para garantizar la participación real y efectiva de NNA, considerándose imprescindible su adecuación a tenor de los estándares internacionales de derechos humanos existentes sobre la materia.
Can inflammatory markers such as lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio and hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet score predict complications after loop ileostomy closure?
Authors: Yordanagil Mevlüt , Bakır Hüseyin , Yıldırım Murat , Özkan Namık , Okan İsmail
Published: April 2024

Aim: This study aims to investigate whether inflammatory biochemical markers such as hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet scores (HALP), and lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) can predict complications after ileostomy closure.

Methods: Eighty-five patients who underwent loop ileostomy closure were included in this retrospective study. Alongside the patient’s demographic data, surgical data, histopathology results, and biochemistry data were recorded. Complications that occurred within the first 30 days after surgery were evaluated using the Clavien-Dindo classification. Inflammation markers such as HALP and LCR were obtained using biochemical parameters.

Results: The rate of mild complications (Clavien-Dindo I and II) was 27%, while the rate of severe complications (Clavien-Dindo III and IV) was 12.94%. A statistically significant correlation was found between the development of early complications and levels of albumin, lymphocyte, neutrophil, and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p
Clinical insights into juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: Our experience
Authors: Yavuz Eravcı Saliha , Güven Ahmet , Çalışkan Burcu , Canbal Abdullah , Çaksen Hüseyin
Published: April 2024

Aim: Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) is predominantly observed during adolescence, characterized by myoclonic jerks exacerbated by sleep deprivation. Generalized tonic-clonic (GTC) and absence seizures are also common in JME. Patients are often photosensitive and usually require long-term treatment. This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the clinical, demographic, and electroencephalography (EEG) findings of patients diagnosed with JME at our Pediatric Neurology Clinic.

Methods: Patients who were followed up at the Department of Pediatric Neurology between 2017-2022, diagnosed with JME based on clinical and EEG findings, and had at least one year of follow-up were included in this study. The clinical characteristics of the patients, as well as their diagnostic and follow-up EEG results, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Of the patients, 12 (55%) were female and 10 (45%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 17±1 (range 14-18) years, and the average age at first seizure was 13±2 (range 12-16) years. When examining the types of seizures in our cases; 12 (55%) had myoclonic and GTC seizures, 4 (18%) had a combination of myoclonic-GTC-absence, and 6 (27%) had isolated myoclonic seizures. EEG results showed that 6 (27%) of the patients had spike and multiple spike waves at 3-5.5 Hz during sleep, while the remaining 16 (73%) had these during wakefulness. Fourteen (64%) of the patients responded to photic stimulation. Six (27%) of the patients had a first-degree relative with a history of epilepsy. A significant association was found between the presence of photosensitivity and family history of epilepsy (p=0.03).

Conclusion: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a type of epilepsy observed in the adolescent period, characterized by myoclonic jerks and photosensitivity. In patients with JME who have a family history of epilepsy, photosensitivity is more commonly observed
Anticancer Potential of ACEIs/ARBs Administration in Colorectal
Cancer
Authors: Wang Xin , Jing Haiyun
Published: March 2024

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CC) is the fourth most common type of cancer
that causes illness and death. Medicines like ACE inhibitors and ARBs, usually used
for heart problems, have shown they might help with the growth and development of
CC.

Introduction:

An analysis of ACE inhibitors and colon cancer is conducted in this comprehensive
review. The main goal is to see how ACEIs/ARBs affect the chances of getting
cancer and dying in patients with CC.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies. Inclusion
criteria encompassed studies that evaluated the use of ACEIs/ARBs in patients
with CC and reported outcomes related to new cancer incidence and mortality. Data
from selected studies were extracted and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.

Results:

The study showed that fewer cancer cases occurred in patients who took
ACEIs/ARBs compared to those who did not (RR 0.962, 95% CI 0.934-0.991, p =
0.010). Furthermore, patients with CC who utilized ACEIs/ARBs exhibited a decreased
mortality rate compared to non-users (HR 0.833, 95% CI 0.640-1.085, p = 0.175).

Conclusion:

This review suggests that using ACEIs/ARBs medicine could help people
with CC live longer and lower their chances of dying. These results highlight the potential
benefits of utilizing ACE inhibitors in the management of CC, warranting further investigation
and consideration in clinical practice.
Spinacia Oleracea: Exploring the Therapeutic Potential in Persian
Medicine and Modern Pharmacology
Authors: Akbari Fatemeh , Mollaei Melika , Argani Pendar , Daneshfard Babak , Derakhshan Ali Reza
Published: March 2024

Background:

Spinach is a widely cultivated dark leafy vegetable highly regarded for its
medicinal properties in traditional Persian medicine. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, carotenoids,
and other bioactive compounds, and this review aims to explore the historical applications
of spinach in Persian medicine and juxtapose them with current scientific evidence. Despite its historical
significance, there remains a need to comprehensively evaluate and integrate traditional
knowledge with modern research on the therapeutic benefits of spinach.

Methods:

To achieve this, a comprehensive search was conducted in Persian medicine references and
scientific databases to gather information on the traditional uses, chemical composition, and pharmacological
effects of spinach. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were meticulously categorized,
and relevant data were analyzed to draw insightful comparisons.

Results:

Persian medicine describes spinach as a nutrient-rich, laxative, and fast-digesting agent with
therapeutic effects on inflammation, lung diseases, back pain, sore throats, jaundice, urinary disorders,
joint pain, eye inflammation, insomnia, dementia, and more. Modern studies have substantially
corroborated these traditional uses, revealing that spinach possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
anti-cancer, blood sugar-lowering, lipid-lowering, anti-obesity, neurological, ocular, and musculoskeletal
effects.

Conclusion:

Spinach exhibits a wide range of beneficial effects on various health conditions. Its
widespread availability, low cost, and exceptional nutritional richness position it as a promising candidate
for further investigation. Future studies should explore the clinical effectiveness of spinach in
various diseases, while taking into consideration the principles emphasized in Persian medicine to
guide research and inform therapeutic strategies.
La Formación Universitaria En Ciencia De La Información En España Ante La Transformación Digital: reflexiones para el debate
Authors: Moreiro González José Antonio , Fernández Marcial Viviana
Published: April 2024

The current situation of Information and Documentation (ID) programs in Spain is analyzed, from their creation less than four decades ago to their adaptation to the European Higher Education Area (EHES). The analysis is based on statistical data provided by the Government of Spain, the BBVA-IVIE Foundation and SEPE. The significant changes undergone by degrees are highlighed, both in their content and designations, as well as the influence of digital transformation and the reality of work on the training and skills of information professionals. It is also addressed the situation of postgraduate training and the employability of graduates. It is concluded that it is necessary to articulate a path that guarantees the permanence and solvency of the cycles of studies in university education, integrating research, knowledge transfer and interdisciplinarity.
Ingeniería Social
Authors: López Torres José Hernando , Torres Buitrago Jasson Esteban
Published: April 2024

Social engineering is a technique which is used to deceive and manipulate people in order to have confidential information, it is based on taking advantage of human psychology and all possible social interaction to achieve the objectives, which is why through Through this manipulation, those who perform social engineering infiltrate different types of systems and organizations. Social engineering in the information security environment represents a great challenge since society must take measures to educate itself about all the risks that this encompasses, promoting security awareness and establishing certain criteria to guarantee the protection of information.
REPRESENTASI NASIONALISME DALAM SERIAL FOTO JURNALISTIK “SELAMATKAN MERAH PUTIH” (ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES)
Authors: Rakasiwi Galang Agni Asmara , Setiawan Benni
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis isi foto jurnalitstik “Selamatkan Merah Putih” yang merepresentasikan sikap nasionalisme saat terjadinya konflik Gafatar di Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah serial foto jurnalistik “Selamatkan Merah Putih” karya Jessica Helena Wuysang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teori semiotika Roland Barthes yang meliputi konsep denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos. Dengan mengetahui tanda-tanda visual yang ada dalam serial foto jurnalistik “Selamatkan Merah Putih”, dapat mengungkapkan pesan dan makna foto tersebut sebagai representasi nasionalisme. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa representasi nasionalisme ditandai oleh subjek dan peristiwa yang ada dalam foto tersebut. Simbol-simbol dalam foto tersebut berupa adanya bendera merah putih, anggota Polisi Republik Indonesia dan Tentara Nasional Indonesia, serta sikap saling tolong-menolong warga saat terjadinya konflik. Tanda-tanda visual tersebut didasari oleh sikap nasionalisme Indonesia yang berasal dari Pancasila, menegaskan bahwa negara hadir ditengah adanya konflik dan sikap gotong-royong sebagai pemersatu bangsa. Sehingga serial foto jurnalistik “Selamatkan Merah Putih” mempunyai makna yang lebih dalam mengenai masih adanya representasi nasionalisme saat terjadinya konflik didalam negara.Kata kunci: semiotika, foto jurnalistik, selamatkan merah putih
ENCODING-DECODING KHALAYAK TENTANG KEKERASAN VERBAL DALAM VIDEO GAMING REZA ‘ARAP’ OKTOVIAN (STUDI ANALISIS AUDIENS STUART HALL)
Authors: Afifah Nadya Zulfa , Suwarto Dyna Herlina
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan; 1) bentuk kekerasan verbal dalam konten video gaming Reza ‘Arap’; 2) encoding/decoding penonton pada konten kekerasan verbal video gaming Reza ‘Arap’ menurut Stuart Hall. Penelitian bersifat kualitatif dengan metode analisis audiens Stuart Hall. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah video gaming Reza. Penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah analisis konten dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis resepsi dengan teori encoding-decoding Stuart Hall, yang mana hasil penelitian akan menentukan posisi audiens terhadap kekerasan verbal yang dilakukan Reza. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; 1) Kekerasan verbal yang dilakukan oleh Reza meliputi ucapan atau ungkapan yang mengacu pada sesuatu yang vulgar, tabu, menghina, menyerang sesuatu atau seseorang menurut masyarakat; 2) ada empat unsur yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini, yaitu resepsi audiens tentang kekerasan verbal sebagai candaan, katarsis, umpatan dan imitasi. Para informan memahami kekerasan verbal dalam video gaming Reza ‘Arap’ Oktovian sebagai suatu kata umpatan yang ditujukan untuk bahan candaan, sebagian audiens merasa puas ketika melihat Reza mengumpat, dan sebagian besar audiens berada pada posisi negosiasi terhadap poin imitasi kekerasan verbal yang Reza lakukan; 3) informan mengalami desensitisasi kekerasan verbal.Kata kunci: analisis resepsi, kekerasan verbal, video gaming, youtube
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TESTIMONI PEMBELI TERHADAP TINGKAT BRAND TRUST PADA PEMBELI ONLINE (Survei Terhadap Pembeli Online Shop Shopee pada Mahasiswa di Kecamatan Depok)
Authors: Putri Ardila Diana , Hastasari Chatia
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui pengaruh testimoni pembeli terhadap Brand trust pembeli online shop Shopee. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan jenis penelitiannya adalah Ex-Post Facto. Data yang digunakan merupakan data hasil pengisian kuesioner oleh para responden yang termasuk dalam kategori digital natives yaitu mahasiswa dalam rentang umur 18 sampai 25 tahun. Pengolahan data hasil kuesioner menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 22. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua mahasiswa di Kecamatan Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta dengan jumlah 30.651 mahasiswa aktif pada tahun 2018. Pengambilan sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Multistage Random Sampling, dan ditentukan sebanyak 100 sampel. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara testimoni pembeli terhadap brand trust/kepercayaan merek pada pembeli online dimana 𝑟ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑛𝑔 lebih besar dari 𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙 (0,490 0,195). Hasil dari uji signifikansi menggunakan korelasi Product Moment menunjukkan jika hipotesis diterima sehingga terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara testimoni pembeli terhadap brand trust/kepercayaan merek pada pembeli online.Kata kunci : E-commerce, Testimoni, Brand trust, Online shop
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN MEDIA PENYIARAN BATIK TV PEKALONGAN DI ERA KONVERGENSI MEDIA
Authors: Dwijayani Prisca Devina , Suwarto Dyna Herlina
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen media penyiaran Batik TV Pekalongan sebagai televisi lokal milik pemerintah di era konvergensi media. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif engan pendekatan kualitatif. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah Batik TV Pekalongan. Sedangkan subjek penelitian ditentukan dengan cara purposive, pemilihan dengan pertimbangan dan tujuan tertentu. Subjek penelitian yang dipilh adalah direktur operasional, unit pemberitaan, unit program feature dan unit administrasi kerjasama. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi informasi dengan mencari pemusatan informasi. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi beberapa perubahan dalam manajemen media penyiaran di era konvergensi media diantaranya komunikasi lebih banyak dilakukan melalui media untuk berkoordinasi. Komunikasi yang terjadi tidak hanya satu arah tapi dua arah. Selain itu, teknologi membantu dalam pengolahan pesan sebelum disiarkan. Media sosial memberikan banyak pengaruh dalam penyebaran pesan. Dari sisi konten terjadi perubahan dari konten analog menjadi konten digital, sehingga dapat dikonsumsi oleh berbagai pihak. Sedangkan dari sisi ekonomi, pendapatan tidak hanya diperoleh dari iklan, namun pendapatan juga diperoleh melalui media sosial. Stategi manajemen media dalam kerangka konvergensi media belum optimal karena belum ada sistem yang baik dan keterbatasan kemampuan sumber daya manusia.Kata kunci : manajemen, penyiaran, konvergensi media
PENGARUH TERPAAN BEAUTY VLOGGER TERHADAP MINAT BELI PRODUK KECANTIKAN (Survey terhadap Mahasiswa Teknik Rias FT UNY Peminat Maybelline The Powder Matte yang Dipengaruhi Vlog Sarah Ayu)
Authors: Martani Purna Dhatu , Suranto Suranto
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui pengaruh terpaan beauty vlogger terhadap minat beli produk kecantikan Maybelline The Powder Matte. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan jenis penelitiannya adalah Ex-Post Facto.  Data yang digunakan merupakan data hasil pengisian kuesioner oleh para responden yang termasuk dalam kategori mahasiswa aktif Prodi Teknik Rias Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta yaitu seluruh mahasiswa angkatan 2016 – 2018.  Pengolahan data hasil kuesioner menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 22. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa aktif Prodi Teknik Rias Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta dengan jumlah 115 mahasiswa aktif pada tahun 2016 - 2018. Seluruh anggota populasi menjadi sampel, sehingga penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sensus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh positif antara terpaan beuaty vlogger terhadap minat beli produk kecantikan Maybelline The Powder Matte oleh mahasiswa Teknik Rias FT UNY yang diperoleh dari korelasi Product Moment dimana 𝑟ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑛𝑔 lebih besar dari 𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙 (0,364 0,195). Hasil dari uji signifikansi menggunakan korelasi Product Moment menunjukkan jika hipotesis diterima sehingga terdapat pengaruh positif antara Terapaan Beauty Vlogger terhadap minat beli produk kecantikan Maybelline The Powder Matte mahasiswa Teknik Rias FT UNY. Kata kunci: Beauty Vlogger, Vlog, Minat Beli