bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of spin-vibrational coupling on magnetic relaxation of a Co(ii) single-molecule magnet
Authors: Nain Sakshi , Kumar Manish , Ali Md. Ehesan
Published: May 2023

The spin-vibrational coupling affects the magnetization reversal barrier height of SMMs. This has been observed and quantified in a Co(ii) Kramer’s system with non-Aufbau ground state occupation.
Visible light-responsive radial TiO2 mesocrystal photocatalysts for the oxidation of organics
Authors: Tada Hiroaki , Akita Atsunobu , Naya Shin-ichi
Published: May 2023

Radial TiO2 mesocrystals (rad-TiO2 MCs), or “sea urchin-like microspheres”, usually consisting of rutile TiO2 nanorods, are promising photocatalyst materials owing to their efficient light harvesting ability and large surface area.
Rational identification of a catalytically promiscuous nitrilase by predicting a unique catalytic triad motif feature through an in silico strategy
Authors: Zhang Ke , Pan Tingze , Sun Yangyang , Tang Zhuzhu , Ren Yuhong , Wang Hualei , Wei Dongzhi
Published: May 2023

A key motif of a catalytically promiscuous nitrilase (CP-NLase) was identified by mimicking active site features from cyanide hydratases (CHTs) in combination with structural analysis.
Rational design of hydroxyapatite/graphite-supported bimetallic Cu–M (M = Cu, Fe, Co, Ni) catalysts for enhancing the partial hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to methyl glycolate
Authors: Abbas Mohamed , Wang JiaMing , Stelmachowski Paweł , Chen Jiangang , Kotarba Andrzej
Published: May 2023

Noble metal-free hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2)/graphite composite supported CuCo catalysts are developed and exhibited outstanding stability and catalytic performance in dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation reaction to methyl glycolate.
Partitioning into phosphatidylcholine–cholesterol membranes: liposome measurements, coarse-grained simulations, and implications for bioaccumulation
Authors: Potter Thomas D. , Haywood Nicola , Teixeira Alexandre , Hodges Geoff , Barrett Elin L. , Miller Mark A.
Published: May 2023

Liposome measurements and coarse-grained simulations are used to assess the cholesterol dependence of membrane-water partitioning for small molecules and the implications for bioaccumulation.
Pre-phosphorylation for facile production of phosphorylated cellulose nanocrystals with high charge content: an optimised design and life cycle assessment
Authors: Gao Xue , Zhang Lei , Cui Mei , Huang Renliang , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin
Published: May 2023

A facile and green process based on pre-phosphorylation and mechanical fibrillation is proposed and optimized for P-CNC production, and the obtained P-CNCs with high charge content and high crystallinity exhibited superior flame retardancy.
Compositionally modulated FeMn bimetallic skeletons for highly efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Huang Licheng , Yao Ruiqi , Li Zili , He Jiaxin , Li Yingqi , Zong Hongxiang , Han Shuang , Lian Jianshe , Li Yang-Guang , Ding Xiangdong
Published: May 2023

A brand-new porous and hierarchical nano/micro sheet-to-sheet morphology of FeMnZn/Mn-FeS (FMZS2) electrocatalyst endows optimal intrinsic activity, high specific surface area and favorable conductivity, which delivers great HER/OER performance.
Schiff bases as analytical tools: synthesis, chemo-sensor, and computational studies of 2-aminophenol Schiff bases
Authors: Ejiah Felicia Ndidi , Rofiu Mujeeb Olarewaju , Oloba-Whenu Oluwakemi Adekunbi , Fasina Tolulope Mojisola
Published: May 2023

Schiff bases exhibited sensor activityviacyclic voltammetry, colorimetry, and UV-vis study at room temperature. The probes could be employed as a low-cost, ultrasensitive chemo-sensor to detect Cu2+and Zn2+in solutions.
Synthesis and anticancer properties of dendritic glycoconjugates containing multiple o-carborane clusters
Authors: Swain Biswa Ranjan , Jena Soumya Ranjan , Beriha Swaraj Kumar , Mahanta Chandra Sekhara , Jena Bibhuti Bhusan , Prasanth Thumpati , Samanta Luna , Satapathy Rashmirekha , Dash Barada P.
Published: May 2023

Boron-rich dendritic glycoconjugates of ortho-carborane clusters containing three to six peripheral hydrophilic glucose moieties have been found to be promising anticancer agents.
Cytotoxic mixed-ligand copper(ii) complexes with 1H-tetrazole-5-acetic acid and oligopyridine derivatives
Authors: Ermakova Ekaterina A. , Golubeva Yuliya A. , Smirnova Ksenia S. , Klyushova Lyubov S. , Berezin Alexey S. , Fetisov Leonid N. , Svyatogorova Alexandra E. , Andros Natalia O. , Zubenko Alexander A. , Lider Elizaveta V.
Published: May 2023

1,10-Phenanthroline and 2,2′-bipyridine based copper(ii) complexes with 1H-tetrazole-5-acetic acid as anticancer agents selective against hepatocellular carcinoma cells have been synthesized.
Redox-responsive catalysis: fine tuning of chemoselectivity in the intramolecular reaction of diazo compounds catalysed by ferrocene-functionalised dirhodium(ii) complexes
Authors: Ruzhylo Illia , Vincendeau Sandrine , Dauban Philippe , Manoury Eric , Poli Rinaldo , Labande Agnès
Published: May 2023

In redox-responsive carbene transfer catalysis using neutral or oxidised forms of ferrocene-containing dirhodium(ii) species, the weakly interacting SbF6−anion allows a greater chemoselectivity change toward the aromatic C–H insertion product than BF4−.
Synthesis of 1,1′-diaryl-4,4′-bibenzo[c]thiophene derivatives with aryl substituents on the thiophene rings by Stille or Suzuki coupling reaction
Authors: Higashino Taiki , Hara Yasuto , Imato Keiichi , Akiyama Seiji , Ishida Mio , Ooyama Yousuke
Published: May 2023

We provide facile synthetic methods of 1,1′-diaryl-4,4′-bibenzo[c]thiophene derivatives by Stille or Suzuki coupling reaction.
Hypotoxic synthesis of Co2P nanodendrites for boosting ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate
Authors: Yi Luocai , Shao Ping , Wen Zhenhai
Published: May 2023

Molten-salt-assisted hypotoxic synthesis of Co2P nanodendrites for electroreduction of nitrate to ammonia with high activity and stability in neutral electrolytes.
Nanoscale pores introduced into paper via mesoporous silica coatings using sol–gel chemistry
Authors: Mikolei J. J. , Richter D. , Pardehkhorram R. , Helbrecht C. , Schabel S. , Meckel T. , Biesalski M. , Ceolin M. , Andrieu-Brunsen A.
Published: May 2023

.In addition to solvent evaporation and critical micellar concentration, we show the capillary transport velocity to be a crucial factor for mesopore formation in paper using sol-gel chemistry. Pores are generated at the fiber inner and outer surface.
The effect of photolatent catalysts on the exchange kinetics of dual-wavelength 3D printable and photopatternable thiol-click vitrimers
Authors: Rossegger Elisabeth , Shaukat Usman , Moazzen Khadijeh , Fleisch Mathias , Berer Michael , Schlögl Sandra
Published: May 2023

The use of photolatent transesterification catalysts provides a unique way to locally control dynamic bond exchange reactions in vitrimers.
Coordination environment engineering of single-atom catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wen Zi , Li Jian , Yang Chun Cheng , Jiang Qing
Published: May 2023

This review summarizes the recent advances of M–N–C SACs for the ORR, emphasizing the function of the surrounding environment. In addition, some characterization techniques, synthesis strategies and applications of M–N–C SACs are introduced.
Nanomaterials for molecular recognition: specific adsorption and regulation of nanozyme activities
Authors: Wang Zhen , Li Man , Bu Huaiyu , Zia David S. , Dai Penggao , Liu Juewen
Published: May 2023

Biosensors typically use biomolecules for target recognition and nanomaterials for signal transduction. In this work, the use of nanomaterials for target recognition is reviewed, and in some cases, biomolecules are included for signal transduction.
The pivotal role of non-covalent interactions in single-molecule charge transport
Authors: Ayinla Ridwan Tobi , Shiri Mehrdad , Song Bo , Gangishetty Mahesh , Wang Kun
Published: May 2023

Non-covalent interactions govern critical physical, chemical, and biological properties of materials. Recent progress in probing how these interactions impact charge transport through molecules is surveyed and discussed in this paper.
Characterization of GvgD and GvgH encoded in the biosynthetic gene cluster of 4-formylaminooxyvinylglycine
Authors: Pang Linlin , Niu Weijing , Duan Yuwei , Bian Xiaoying , Zhang Youming , Zhong Guannan
Published: May 2023

We report that GvgD catalyzes a reversible amidinylation ofl-canaline and GvgH installs the aminooxy groupviaγ-elimination and addition.
Synthesis, structures, and conformational characteristics of pillararene-based Diels–Alder adducts with embedded chiral centres
Authors: Wang Haiying , Thikekar Tushar U. , Xue Jingfeng , Zhu Yumei , Fang Wangjian , Xu Jiong , Sue Andrew C.-H. , Zhao Hongxia
Published: May 2023

[4 + 2] Diels–Alder cycloadditions between quinone-containing pillar[n]arene derivatives and linear dienes lead to distorted conformations and additional chiral centres on the macrocyclic scaffold.
Characterization and study of high conductivity antimony-doped tin oxide thin films grown by mist chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Liu Li , Ueda Mariko , Kawaharamura Toshiyuki
Published: May 2023

ATO films are fabricated by mist CVD system. Supporting solutions including H2O, HNO3 and HCl are used to improve film properties. Experimentally, ATO films with low resistivity of 6.58 × 10−4 Ω cm, high transmittance of 90% are obtained successfully.
Enantioselective total syntheses of six natural and two proposed meroterpenoids fromPsoralea corylifolia
Authors: Chen Xiao-Wei , Hou Zi-Chao , Chen Chi , Zhang Ling-Hui , Chen Meng-En , Zhang Fu-Min
Published: May 2023

Guided by a carbonyl-based conversion synthetic strategy, the first enantioselective total syntheses of meroterpenoids fromPsoralea corylifoliahave been achieved which features excellent synthetic diversity, efficiency and flexibility.
An anomalous ferroelastic phase transition arising from an unusualcis-/anti-conformational reversal of polar organic cations
Authors: Zhao Bing-Qing , Chen Xiao-Xian , Ye Hui , Gong Ya-Ping , Wang Jun , Ye Le , Zhang Wei-Xiong
Published: May 2023

Two polar hybrid ferroelastic materials with the same organic cations, but slightly different inorganic octahedra, undergo ferroelastic phase transitions whereby the distinct symmetry breaking essentially arose from conformations of organic cations.
A heterogeneous NiCo2O4@2D-carbyne nanohybrid – a new electrode material for robust and high energy density hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Dhandapani Preethi , Udayakumar Anandajayarajan , Rajendra Saradh Prasad , AlSalhi Mohamad S. , Guo John Zhanhu , Angaiah Subramania
Published: May 2023

NiCo2O4 nanoparticles anchored onto 2D-carbyne nanosheets are prepared to use as a new nanohybrid electrode to enhance the capacitive performance of hybrid supercapacitors.
Li-ion and Na-ion intercalation in layered MnO2 cathodes enabled by using bismuth as a cation pillar
Authors: Kim Matthew A. , Zimmerer Eric K. , Piontkowski Zachary T. , Rodriguez Mark A. , Schorr Noah B. , Wygant Bryan R. , Okasinski John S. , Chuang Andrew C. , Lambert Timothy N. , Gallaway Joshua W.
Published: May 2023

Layered MnO2 with Bi inserted into the interlayer stabilizes Li-ion and Na-ion cycling. The amount of Bi affects the crystal water in the structure.
Preparation of nanocellulose by a biological method from hemp stalk in contrast to the chemical method and its application on the electrospun composite film
Authors: Zhang Xin , Guo Jing , Liu Yuanfa , Hao Xinmin , Yao Qiang , Xu Yi , Guo Yafei
Published: May 2023

In brief, CNFs can make the composite membrane hydrophobic with superior extension, and CNCs can make the composite membrane hydrophilic and enhance its strength.
Nanozyme-catalyzed cascade reaction enables a highly sensitive detection of live bacteria
Authors: Liao Xuewei , Tong Wenjun , Dai Li , Han Lingfei , Sun Hanjun , Liu Wenyuan , Wang Chen
Published: May 2023

The Au@POM nanoparticles were facilely synthesized using a one-step method. The as-prepared Au@POMs have excellent GOx-like and HRP-like activities, allowing for fast cascade reactions and sensitive bacterial detections.
A gold-based immunochromatographic strip for the specific detection of tacrolimus in whole blood
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqian , Xu Xinxin , Kuang Hua , Liu Liqiang , Xu Liguang , Qu Aihua , Xu Chuanlai
Published: May 2023

A colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic strip (CG-ICS) was established to monitor tacrolimus in human whole blood based on the mAb 4C5.
Recent advances in ecofriendly 2D monoelemental bismuthene as an emerging material for energy, catalysis and biomedical applications
Authors: R. Shwetharani , Kainthla Itika , Dongre S. Sumanth , D’Souza Laveena , Balakrishna R. Geetha
Published: May 2023

Bismuthene exhibited potential application in electrochemical, optoelectronics, batteries, sensing, supercapacitors, photocatalytic and biomedical fields.
Covalent chemical functionalization of Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets with fullerenes C60 and C70 for enhanced nonlinear optical limiting
Authors: Fang Yan , Wei Zhiyuan , Guan Zihao , Shan Naying , Zhao Yang , Liu Fang , Fu Lulu , Huang Zhipeng , Humphrey Mark G. , Zhang Chi
Published: May 2023

Covalent functionalization of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets with fullerenes C60 and C70 for enhanced optical limiting performance across spectral and temporal domains was carried out for the first time.
Circularly polarized luminescence: a themed collection
Authors: Crassous Jeanne , Di Bari Lorenzo , Wong Wai-Yeung , Zheng You-Xuan
Published: May 2023

Guest editors Jeanne Crassous, Lorenzo Di Bari, Wai-Yeung Wong and You-Xuan Zheng introduce this themed collection on circularly polarized luminescence.
Preliminary Study of the Effects of a Dysphagia Support Group on Quality of Life
Authors: Koster Emma , Wadhwaniya Zuleikha , Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini M.
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties) can greatly decrease quality of life for individuals with dysphagia and can lead to caregiver burden and third-party disability. Support groups have been shown to be effective in improving quality of life in a range of conditions, through allowing individuals to form connections with those with shared experiences and sharing and learning about relevant resources and coping skills. However, no research on the effects of dysphagia support groups on quality of life has been conducted. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether a virtual support group, facilitated by speech-language pathologists, could positively affect quality of life in similar ways for adults with dysphagia and their family caregivers.

Method:

Pre- and postsupport group surveys were sent to participants to gain information about their dysphagia, demographics, and support group feedback (e.g., access to resources). Questions were mainly multiple choice, with three open-ended questions related to the support group.

Results:

Eight individuals participated in the surveys, with four completing both pre- and postsession surveys. Seven of eight individuals reported that they felt a support group could improve their quality of life, with the eighth being unsure. Qualitative data found the support group offered both informational (e.g., resource access) and psychosocial support (e.g., knowledge that they were not alone, emotional support).

Conclusion:

These initial results suggest that a dysphagia support group could fill a gap in the health care system to offer more holistic support to individuals with dysphagia and their family caregivers.
Acoustic Properties of Anger in Clear and Conversational Speech
Authors: Ferguson Sarah Hargus , Wageck Madison , Young Elizabeth D.
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

Using clear speech is a communication strategy audiologists commonly recommend to their patients' frequent communication partners. Recent findings indicate that clear speech can sound angrier than conversational speech, which may have a negative impact on interactions.

Method:

We examined the acoustic characteristics of clear versus conversational speech in 12 talkers selected from the Ferguson Clear Speech Database: six whose clear speech sounded angry and six whose clear speech did not sound angry. Acoustic analyses of median voice fundamental frequency (fomed), voice fundamental frequency range (foIQR), and energy in the spectral band 1000–3150 Hz (mid-frequency energy) were conducted in MATLAB.

Results:

All three acoustic metrics showed significant speaking style effects, indicating that all were significantly higher in clear speech compared to conversational speech. WhilefoIQR and mid-frequency energy increases in clear speech were similar for talkers whose clear speech sounded angry and talkers whose clear speech did not sound angry, increases infomed were only seen for talkers whose clear speech sounded angry.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that elevated voice fundamental frequency contributes to clear speech sounding angry and, to avoid sounding angry, patients' frequent communication partners should be advised to avoid raising their voice pitch when speaking clearly.
Biomechanische Studien der thorakalen Wirbelsäule
Authors: Liebsch Christian
Published: May 2023

Die thorakale Wirbelsäule unterscheidet sich hinsichtlich ihrer biomechanischen
Eigenschaften deutlich von der zervikalen und lumbalen Wirbelsäule. Wesentliche
Einflussfaktoren für das charakteristische biomechanische Verhalten stellen neben den relativ
flachen Bandscheiben die thorakale Kyphose und der Brustkorb dar. Die thorakale Wirbelsäule
zeigt deutliche gekoppelte Bewegungen zwischen Seitneigung und axialer Rotation, die primär
durch die kyphotische Krümmung verursacht werden. Alle Brustkorbstrukturen begrenzen die
Flexibilität der thorakalen Wirbelsäule, insbesondere jedoch die sternokostale Verbindung, die
den oberen und mittleren Bereich stabilisiert. Der Brustkorb reduziert nicht nur den
Bewegungsumfang der thorakalen Wirbelsäule, v.a. in axialer Rotation, sondern verringert auch
den intradiskalen Druck, erhöht die Steifigkeit, und vergrößert den Kompressionswiderstand.
Die Kinematik der thorakalen Wirbelsäule wird insbesondere durch die Bandscheibe und die
Facettengelenke bestimmt und stark von Degeneration beeinflusst, v.a. in Flexion/Extension.
Zudem führt Degeneration zu nicht linearen intradiskalen Druckanstiegen und sogar negativen
Druckwerten. Chirurgische Eingriffe und traumatische Verletzungen, auch des Brustkorbs, führen
generell zu einer Destabilisierung der thorakalen Wirbelsäule, jedoch kann der stabilisierende
Einfluss eines intakten Brustkorbs bei Frakturen die Möglichkeit für eine kurze posteriore
Instrumentierung bieten sowie Anschlusssegmentdegeneration verringern.
Einfluss von verschieden Dekompressionstechniken in der lumbalen Wirbelsäule auf den Bewegungsumfang
Authors: Lener Sara , Hartmann Sebastian , Schmölz Werner
Published: May 2023

Die lumbale Spinalkanalstenose (LSS) ist eine häufige Wirbelsäulenerkrankung des älteren
Patienten mit steigender sozioökonomischer Bedeutung. Derzeit gelten die uni- oder bilaterale
Dekompression und die unilaterale Dekompression mit Unterschneidung (auch „undercutting“ oder
„over the top“ Dekompression) von der ipsilateralen Zugangsseite zur kontralateralen Seite in
Europa als Goldstandard zur Behandlung der lumbalen Spinalkanalstenose. Eine ausgedehnte
Dekompression nervaler Strukturen birgt jedoch einige bekannte Nachteile, wie z.B. das Risiko
einer sekundären lumbalen Instabilität. In den hier präsentierten Untersuchungen war es das
Ziel, die Zunahme des segmentalen Bewegungsumfangs in Abhängigkeit vom Ausmaß einer
Dekompression zu untersuchen. An 10 humanen „fresh-frozen“ Lendenwirbelsäulen wurden 4
sequenzielle, und in ihrem Umfang zunehmende Dekompressionen durchgeführt. Nach jeder
erfolgten Dekompression wurden die Präparate in einem Wirbelsäulensimulator in
Flexion-Extension, lateraler Beugung und axialer Rotation untersucht. Zusammengefasst konnte
gezeigt werden, dass die unilaterale Dekompression, als auch die unilaterale Dekompression mit
kontralateraler Unterschneidung zu keiner wesentlichen Zunahme des Bewegungsumfangs führte,
wohingegen die Laminektomie einen deutlichen Anstieg des Bewegungsumfanges, insbesondere bei
axialer Rotation, aufwies. Dies wiederum stellt ein erhöhtes Risiko für die Entstehung einer
sekundären lumbalen Instabilität dar. Das aktuelle Fehlen klarer evidenzbasierter Leitlinien
für die optimale chirurgische Therapie der lumbalen Spinalkanalstenose, ob mit oder ohne
lumbaler Fusion, kann zur Über- oder Unterbehandlung bestimmter Patient:innen führen. Ob die
statistisch signifikante Zunahme des Bewegungsumfangs auch einen Einfluss auf das klinische
Ergebnis hat, und wie gefährdete Patient:innen identifiziert werden können sollte in weiteren
Studien untersucht werden.
High-intensity Actions in Elite Soccer: Current Status and Future
Perspectives
Authors: Filter Alberto , Olivares-Jabalera Jesús , Dos'Santos Thomas , Madruga Marc , Lozano JoséMaríaOliva , Molina Alejandro , Santalla Alfredo , Requena Bernardo , Loturco Irineu
Published: May 2023

Over the years, soccer has become more physically demanding; the number and
frequency of high-intensity actions have increased, and these activities are
decisive in determining the match outcome. Importantly, the reductionist
approach commonly used to analyze high-intensity actions does not contemplate a
more contextualized perspective on soccer performance. Traditionally, most
investigations have only provided quantitative data regarding sprints
(i. e. time, distances, frequency) without examining
“how” (e. g. type of trajectory or starting position)
and “why” (e. g. tactical role) soccer players sprint.
In fact, other high-intensity actions, apart from running, are not even
mentioned (i. e. curve sprints, change of direction, and specific-jump
tasks). This has led to the use of tests and interventions that do not
accurately reflect real game actions. Given the true technical-tactical-physical
demands of each playing position, this narrative review collected a
wide-spectrum of current soccer-related articles and provided a discussion
regarding high-intensity actions, with a positional-based approach. In this
narrative review, practitioners are encouraged to contemplate and consider the
different elements that characterize high-intensity actions in soccer, in order
to assess and train soccer players under a more sport-specific and integrative
perspective.
Total and Regional Body Composition of NCAA Collegiate Female Rowing
Athletes
Authors: Juckett William T. , Stanforth Philip R. , Czeck Madeline A. , Evanoff Nicholas G. , Dengel Donald R.
Published: May 2023

This study explored body composition in female NCAA Division I rowers compared to
controls; and the effect of season, boat category, and oar side on body
composition. This retrospective analysis of 91 rowers, and 173 age, sex, and
BMI-matched controls examined total and regional fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM),
bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), percent body fat
(%BF), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) measured using dual X-ray
absorptiometry. Two-sample t-testing was used to assess differences between
rowers and controls. Repeated measures ANOVA analyzed differences across
seasons. ANOVA analyzed differences between boat categories. Paired t-testing
analyzed oar side versus non-oar side. Rowers had greater height (174.2;
164.1 cm), weight (75.2; 62.6 kg), LM (51.97; 41.12 kg),
FM (20.74; 19.34 kg), BMC (2.82; 2.37 kg), and BMD (1.24;
1.14 g/cm2); but lower %BF
(30.5%; 27.1%), and VAT (168.1; 105.0 g) than controls
(p<0.05). Total, arm, and trunk muscle-to-bone ratio were
greater in rowers (p<0.001). Rowers demonstrated greater arm LM
(5.8 kg; 5.6 kg) and BMC (0.37 kg; 0.36 kg) in
Spring compared to Fall (p<0.05). 1V8 rowers had a lower
%BF than non-scoring rowers (25.7%; 29.0%;
p=0.025). No differences observed between oar sides. These
findings will help rowing personnel better understand body composition of female
collegiate rowers.
Lärmexposition von Notärzten an einem Luftrettungszentrum
Authors: Brabant Marcus , Obermann Carsten , Kirchhoff Carsten
Published: May 2023

Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Lärmexposition der Notärzte an einem Luftrettungszentrum und Ableitung von Arbeitsschutzmaßnahmen.

Methodik Dosimetrische Messung der Lärmexposition durch diensthabende Notärzte während 24-h-Schichten auf RTH und NEF über 7 Wochen.

Ergebnisse Bei den Messungen ergaben sich Überschreitungen der in Verordnungen definierten Auslösewerte der Lärmexposition.

Schlussfolgerung Medizinische Crews sind in der Luftrettung potenziell gesundheitsschädlichem Lärm ausgesetzt. Arbeitsschutzmaßnahmen müssen ergriffen werden.
Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and Infantile Diseases
Authors: Kanduc Darja
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim Immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in newborns and children after prophylactic immunization is currently a relevant research topic. The present study analyzes the issue by examining the possibility that the anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses are not uniquely directed against the virus but can—via molecular mimicry and the consequent cross-reactivity—also hit human proteins involved in infantile diseases.

Methods Human proteins that—if altered—associate with infantile disorders were searched for minimal immune pentapeptide determinants shared with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (gp). Then, the shared pentapeptides were analyzed for immunologic potential and immunologic imprinting phenomena.

Results Comparative sequence analysis shows that: (1) numerous pentapeptides (namely, 54) are common to SARS-CoV-2 spike gp and human proteins that, when altered, are linked to infantile diseases; (2) all the shared peptides have an immunologic potential since they are present in experimentally validated SARS-CoV-2 spike gp-derived epitopes; and (3) many of the shared peptides are also hosted in infectious pathogens to which children can have already been exposed, thus making immunologic imprint phenomena feasible.

Conclusion Molecular mimicry and the consequent cross-reactivity can represent the mechanism that connects exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and various pediatric diseases, with a fundamental role of the immunologic memory and the history of the child's infections in determining and specifying the immune response and the pathologic autoimmune sequela.
Clinical Results of Nonvascularized Metatarsal Articular Bone Grafting for Osteochondral Defects of the Radiocarpal and Distal Radioulnar Joint
Authors: Stougie Shirley D. , Hoogvliet Peter , Plugge Lara , Coert J. Henk
Published: May 2023

Background Treatment of post-traumatic osteochondral defects in the radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joint with nonvascularized metatarsal articular bone grafting is an option to restore the joint (cartilage) surface and wrist function.

Purpose To evaluate the clinical midterm results of 10 consecutive patients who were treated with a nonvascularized metatarsal bone graft for cartilage bone defects of the lunate facet, scaphoid facet, sigmoid notch, or the radial part of the ulnar head.

Patients and Methods Patients with isolated osteochondral defects of the lunate facet, scaphoid facet, sigmoid notch, or radial part of the ulnar head, respectively, as a result of wrist trauma were retrospectively identified in a prospectively collected database. The patients symptoms were limited wrist motion and/or pain. Clinical results and complications were extracted from patient's medical files and two questionnaires consisting of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation and additional questions regarding patient satisfaction and return to work and/or hobby.

Results Minor complications occurred in three cases and required surgery. In five cases an acceptable donor site foot morbidity was seen at 1 year. One patient was not satisfied due to persistent wrist pain despite adequate range of motion. One patient could not return to its prior work. Another patient could not resume its hobby.

Conclusion Retrospective evaluation of 10 cases with resurfacing of the scaphoid facet, sigmoid notch, and/or lunate facet, or radial part of the ulnar head has shown that osseointegration was possible without a vascular pedicle to the graft in all cases with a (mean) follow-up of 5 years. This technique may become an alternative treatment when implants become less available.

Level of Evidence Level III
The Effect of 3rd Carpometacarpal Arthrodesis in the Outcomes of Total Wrist Fusion Using Modern Plate Technology
Authors: Rioux-Forker Dana , Patel Raahil S. , Hinchcliff Katharine M. , Shin Alexander Y.
Published: May 2023

Background The inclusion of the third carpometacarpal (CMC) joint in the fusion mass in total wrist fusion (TWF) remains controversial. Our goal was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and effects of third CMC joint arthrodesis compared with bridging the CMC joint during TWF. A retrospective chart review was performed. Outcomes assessed included hardware loosening, hardware failure, symptomatic hardware necessitating removal, and need for revision arthrodesis.

Case Description/Literature Review We found that concomitant third CMC joint arthrodesis was associated with a significantly reduced rate of radiocarpal and midcarpal joint nonunion, hardware loosening, and symptomatic hardware removal when compared to bridging of the CMC joint. There was no significant difference in hardware failure rates or the need for revision arthrodesis.

Clinical Relevance When using a contoured dorsal spanning plate, concomitant CMC joint arthrodesis should be considered during TWF to mitigate against hardware loosening and symptomatic hardware.

Level of Evidence Level IV
Analytic solutions for displacements in quantum-wire structures
Authors: Tang Tiezheng , Jiang Zhizhen , Zhu Kai , Liu Kuanyu , Bai Wei , Li Pu , Jin Xiaoqing
Published: May 2023

Quantum wires (QWs) and quantum dots (QDs) have been widely applied in semiconductor devices due to their excellent mechanical, electronic, and optical properties. Faux and Downes [J. Appl. Phys. 82 (1997) 3754–3762] have obtained the closed-form solutions for strain distributions produced by QWs, whose cross section is composed of any combination of line elements and circular arcs. In this paper, Eshelby's inclusion model is established to simulate QWs and the closed-form solutions for the resultant displacements are obtained. By employing the method of Green's function, the displacement solutions may be formulated as area integrals and then converted into contour integrals along the boundary of the QW. The present study complements Faux and Downes' work and provides an efficient shortcut for analyzing the displacements of a QW, whose boundary may be discretized into line segments and circular arcs.
Suppression of copper surface oxidation by electrophoretically deposited graphene oxide film
Authors: Ye Nan , Hatakeyama Kazuto , Okada Mitsuhiro , Shimizu Tetsuo , Kubo Toshitaka
Published: May 2023

This work investigated the oxidation suppression effect of a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film applied to a Cu substrate, which may have application in electrical connectors. To ensure prolonged low electrical contact resistance, a thin GO film was formed using an electrophoretic deposition method and subsequently heated to generate rGO. The surface morphology and thickness of the rGO film were assessed using atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The thickness of the rGO film was estimated to be 5–7 nm, and the electrical contact resistance for the Cu substrate with and without an rGO film was 20 and 8 mΩ, respectively, at a contact load of 2 N. After accelerating the oxidation of the substrate by heating for 30 min at 180 °C under a dry air atmosphere, the formation of a Cu2O layer on the Cu substrate was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The thickness of this oxide layer with and without an rGO film was 1.5 and 6 nm, respectively. In addition, the electrical contact resistance for the Cu substrate with and without the rGO film was 40 and 200 mΩ, respectively, at a contact load of 2 N. These results suggest that the thin rGO coating suppressed oxidation of the metal substrate while also suppressing the increase in contact resistance.
Chaotic microcomb inertia-free parallel ranging
Authors: Lukashchuk Anton , Riemensberger Johann , Stroganov Anton , Navickaite Gabriele , Kippenberg Tobias J.
Published: May 2023

The increasing demand for high pixel acquisition rates in the fields of augmented reality, autonomous driving, and robotics has led to a growing interest in solid-state beam scanning solutions that do not rely on moving parts. As a result, modern photonics has been driving the development of passive beam steering technology to meet these demands. Recently demonstrated imagers based on focal plane arrays, nanophotonic metasurfaces, and optical phased arrays have enabled unprecedented pixel resolutions and measurement speeds. However, the parallelization of >100 lasers and detectors, which has been successfully implemented in commercial time-of-flight sensors, has not been widely adopted for passive scanning approaches. In this work, we demonstrate both inertia-free and parallel light detection and ranging (LiDAR) with microresonator frequency combs. We use 40 independent channels of a continuously scanned microresonator frequency comb operated in the chaotic regime in combination with optical dispersive elements to perform random modulation LiDAR with 2D passive beam steering.
Insight into the significance of absorbing boundary condition for the flow mechanism analysis of fractional Maxwell fluid over a semi-infinite plate
Authors: Liu Lin , Chen Siyu , Yang Jingyu , Zhang Sen , Feng Libo , Si Xinhui , Zheng Liancun
Published: May 2023

Viscoelastic fluids have many applications in engineering, and studying the complex fluidity of viscoelastic fluids can improve their applicability. Based on the flow caused by the pressure or the moving plate with various velocities, the aim of this paper is to deeply study the significance of absorbing boundary condition for the flow mechanism analysis of the fractional Maxwell fluid, of which the constitutive relation is formulated by introducing the relaxation parameter and the fractional parameter with considering the memory characteristics. For treating the model in a semi-infinite boundary domain, the artificial boundary method is applied to transfer it to a problem in a bounded domain with absorbing boundary condition, which is solved numerically by the finite difference method combined with the L1 formula and verified by numerical examples. The difference of the flow characteristics is subject to the direct truncation boundary condition and the absorbing boundary condition is compared and the effectiveness and rationality are analyzed graphically, and the influences of the dynamic parameters on the velocity and the flow mechanism are also discussed. The main findings of this research are that the larger relaxation parameter plays a role in a stronger delay effect, a larger fractional parameter refers to the stronger memory characteristics of the delay effect, and the smaller Reynolds number leads to the larger viscous force, all of which lead to a slower flow process.
Generalized Mercier stability criterion for stellarators
Authors: Glasser A. H.
Published: May 2023

The Mercier criterion is a well-known stability criterion for tokamaks. It is derived from a 2 × 2 matrix eigenvalue problem arising from the expansion of resonant solutions about a singular surface where m−nq=0, with m and n being the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively, and q being the safety factor. The stability criterion is that the eigenvalues must be real, otherwise, the solution oscillates, violating the Newcomb crossing criterion. Because of the non-axisymmetry of stellarators, different toroidal as well as poloidal harmonics couple to each other. It follows that each singular surface can have multiple resonant harmonics, with multiplicity M≥1. The corresponding matrix eigenvalue problem involves a 2M×2M matrix, resulting in M pairs of positive and negative eigenvalues. The generalized stability criterion is that all eigenvalues must be real. While the original Mercier criterion can be expressed in terms of quadratures of equilibrium quantities over the singular surface, which can be evaluated anywhere, the generalized Mercier criterion can only be evaluated on rational q surfaces with a given set of resonant harmonics.
On the dissolution of a solid spherical particle
Authors: Assunção M. , Vynnycky M. , Moroney K. M.
Published: May 2023

The dissolution of a solid spherical particle is a canonical problem that finds many areas of application. In this work, we provide a generalized theory that takes into account the role of forced convection in the solvent (or, alternatively, the relative motion of the particle in the solvent), showing that the problem can be formulated in terms of four dimensionless parameters. Focusing on the case when one of these (the Reynolds number) is small, we consider asymptotic and numerical approaches to the problem, with a key outcome being a numerical method, implemented in the finite-element software Comsol Multiphysics, that is able to solve the resulting axisymmetric moving-boundary problem, even when over 90% of the particle has dissolved and its shape is far from spherical. We also demonstrate how this approach relates to and supersedes earlier efforts, providing a quantitative assessment of the often unquestioningly used Ranz–Marshall correlation for mass transfer from a sphere. In particular, we find that this correlation may overpredict the dissolution time by a factor of four, whereas a correlation by Clift et al. that is cited and used less often performs considerably better, even in the highly convection-dominated regime for which it was not originally intended.
Enhancing droplet rebound on superhydrophobic cones
Authors: Antonini Carlo
Published: May 2023

Understanding the underlying hydrodynamics and developing strategies to control bouncing droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces are of fundamental and practical significance. While recent efforts have mainly focused on regulating the contact time of bouncing droplets, less attention was given to manipulating droplet rebound from the perspective of energy optimization, which determines the long-term successive dynamics. Here, we investigate the impact of water droplets on superhydrophobic cones at low Weber numbers, where ideally complete rebounds arise. In sharp contrast to flat superhydrophobic surfaces, an impinging droplet on a cone-shaped superhydrophobic surface undergoes almost inversion-symmetric spreading and retracting processes with prolonged contact time, and more strikingly, it rebounds with a higher restitution coefficient. Such enhanced droplet rebound is beyond the prediction of existing theoretical models, in which the viscous boundary layer was recognized as the dominant channel of energy dissipation and, thus, an increase in the contact time would result in a lower restitution coefficient; nevertheless, numerical simulations have confirmed the increase in the restitution coefficient. The quantitative energy and flow field analyses of our numerical results reveal that the suppression of the boundary layer in early impact and the weakening of the viscous flow near the moving edge in the subsequent impact phases, which were not accounted for yet in existing theoretical models, are the causes for the enhancement of droplet rebound on superhydrophobic cones.
Analysis of the thermophysical process within the SEOP polarized 3He system
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhang Junpei , Lu Yiping , Huang Chuyi , Wang Tianhao , Qin Zecong , Dong Yuchen , Zheng Yujie , Li Jun , Zhang Wenqing , Ye Fan , Qi Xin , Liu Yuntao , Tong Xin
Published: May 2023

Temperature is a crucial parameter in the spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) process of noble gas (3He), but is hard to measure due to its confinement nature. In this paper, we conduct research upon the temperature and gas flow distribution within a sealed SEOP cell through computational fluid dynamics simulation. The simulation result shows that the external heat exchange of the initial heating of the cell becomes a cooling process in the presence of high pumping laser power absorbed by the alkali metal. The heat from the pumping laser would also cause the gas in the cell to reach a much higher temperature than the oven, with the hottest part appearing on the upper side of the cell. These predicted behaviors from the simulation are later confirmed by our experiment measurement, which strongly indicates that a gas flow and heat flow exist within the cell. These results help us to understand the temperature distribution of 3He gas in the cell and provide references for the development and improvement of the future SEOP system.
Numerical study of rotating convection with bi-directional temperature gradients
Authors: Swarnakar Shivam , Bhattacharya Amitabh , Balasubramanian Sridhar
Published: May 2023

In this work, we report results from three-dimensional numerical simulations of convection in a rotating cylindrical annulus with mean temperature gradients present along the radial and vertical directions. The simulations have been performed in OpenFOAM (Open-source Field Operation And Manipulation). The bi-directional temperature gradient is achieved by imposing uniform heat flux in a thin circular strip at the outer periphery of the bottom surface, and a uniform temperature at the entire inner cylindrical surface. The study has been carried out for a particular Rayleigh number, Ra = 4.76×108, and a range of Taylor numbers, Ta = 6.5×108–2.7×109. The Ra value is chosen so that some qualitative comparison could be done with available experimental data. A laminar flow solver has been used to perform the computations in a rotating frame of reference. Complex empirical orthogonal function analysis has been carried out for the velocity and temperature fields. The contour maps of the radial velocity field in the r−θ plane clearly show the existence of mode 4 and 4 AV (amplitude vacillation) baroclinic waves at low values of Ta, which break down into eddies as Ta increases. The mean temperature field in the r–z plane supports the existence of Convective Columnar Plumes (CCP) on the outer edge, which interacts with the baroclinic waves, aiding in the transport of heat in the system. The fluctuations in CCP disintegrate into smaller-scale structures at the highest Ta. Quantification of turbulent fluxes shows the effectiveness of the heat transport at Ta∼O(108), as compared to Ta∼O(109). Our results clearly demonstrate the role of waves, plumes, and eddies on heat transport in the presence of bi-directional temperature gradients.
Single-shot extended-object super-oscillatory imaging
Authors: Yang Haitang , Liu Yitian , Eleftheriades George V.
Published: May 2023

A point-spread function (PSF) that locally oscillates faster than its highest Fourier component can reconstruct the sub-diffraction information of objects in the far field without any near-field placements to break the diffraction limit. However, the spatial capacity of such super-oscillatory (SO) PSFs for carrying sub-diffraction information is restricted by high sidelobes surrounding a desired region of interest (ROI). Here, we propose generalized periodic SO masks without optimization to push the ROI borders away for imaging extended objects. Our imaging experiments without any image post-processing demonstrate single-shot extended-object SO imaging with extended ROIs more than ten times the size of some typical ROIs (around 2λ/NA) and a sub-wavelength resolution of 0.49λ. The SO sub-wavelength resolution (0.7 times the diffraction limit) remains robust to additive noise with a signal-to-noise ratio above 13 dB. Our method is applicable to lifting the ROI size restrictions for various SO applications such as high-density data storage, acoustic SO imaging, super-narrow frequency conversion, and temporal SO pulses.
InP quantum dots: Stoichiometry regulates carrier dynamics
Authors: Manoj B. , Rajan Devika , Thomas K. George
Published: May 2023

The optical properties of non-toxic indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) are impinged by the existence of characteristic deep trap states. Several surface engineering strategies have been adopted to improve their optical quality, which has promoted the use of InP QDs for various technological applications. An antithetical approach involves the effective utilization of the deep trap states in InP QDs to modulate back electron transfer rates. Here, we explore the influence of the core-size of InP on their In-to-P stoichiometry and charge transfer dynamics when bound to an acceptor molecule, decyl viologen (DV2+). The mechanism of interaction of InP and DV2+ based on the quenching sphere model established the presence of (i) a 1:1 complex of DV2+ bound on InP and (ii) immobile quenchers in the quenching sphere, depending on the concentration of DV2+. While the forward electron transfer rates from photoexcited InP to bound DV2+ does not substantially vary with an increase in core size, the back electron transfer rates are found to be retarded. Findings from inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveal that the In to P ratio is higher for QDs with larger core size, which further brings about increased carrier trapping and a decreased rate of charge recombination. Furthermore, long-lived charge-separated states in DV2+ bound to InP, extending to hundreds of milliseconds, are obtained by varying the number of DV2+ in the quenching sphere of the QDs.
Anomalous power-dependent color tuning of Er upconverting luminescence via 1530 nm excitation
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Li Boyang , Muhammad Ehtesham Raza Syed , Tian Ye , Li Dongyu , Liu Lu , Jiang Haili , Jiang Fuqiang
Published: May 2023

The upconversion color tuning of Lanthanide ions usually requires complex core–shell structures and excitation configurations. This work presents simple Er3+ doped Yttria phosphors capable of color change through the manipulation of 1530 nm excitation intensity. Compared to the reported results of Er3+ color change from green to red with the increase in excitation intensity, the formed color-tunable phosphors show an inverse change of red to green. The color tuning mechanisms are attributed to the competition between the upward absorption and the downward decay at the Er3+ intermediate state. Finally, the potential applications of the formed color-tunable phosphors are demonstrated. This work provides a simple solution for high-performance upconversion color tuning and thus shows wide application prospects.