bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of A Security System with Mobile Notifications in Case of Intrusion
Authors: Hermann Yanogo Kiswendsida Jean , Yirga Gerald , Gaetan Nabolle Rachid , Tanguy Kabore Baowendnere
Published: June 2023

Physical security is a crucial aspect of cybersecurity, considering the constant risk of unauthorized intrusions and data theft that companies face. While conventional security measures like alarm systems and video surveillance aim to protect physical infrastructure, they often fall short of meeting businesses' actual requirements. It is vital for companies to have immediate awareness of intrusions and the ability to respond promptly. To tackle this challenge, the recommended approach involves implementing an alert security system that offers real-time notifications. This method entails deploying an Internet of Things (IoT) system equipped with sensors throughout the company's premises. These sensors are specifically designed to detect unauthorized entry, triggering instant alerts to the appropriate personnel via a dedicated mobile application. This application enables seamless communication with the IoT system, enabling swift decision-making in response to potential security breaches. In this research, the initial emphasis was on designing the system using Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams. Subsequently, the IoT system was implemented, integrating the necessary sensors. Additionally, a user-friendly application was developed to establish a secure connection between the company's system and employees' mobile devices. Through extensive research efforts, an effective and functional system capable of effectively safeguarding businesses has been successfully devised.
Streamlining IT Help Desk and Incident Management: Harnessing the Power of the ITIL Framework for Enhanced Efficiency in IT Services
Authors: Nugroho Alfonsus Fero Jaya , Fianty Melissa Indah
Published: June 2023

This study examines the potential of leveraging incident management and IT Helpdesk principles from ITIL V3 to enhance the daily operations of an IT division. The research involved collecting email communication data between users and the IT division, as well as conducting interviews with individuals associated with the IT division and various company employees. The ITIL Maturity Level (ITML) method was utilized to analyze the findings, revealing that IT Helpdesk achieved a score of 3.5 (Quality Control), while incident management received a score of 2 (Process Capability). However, both areas fell short of meeting the requirements for level 3 (Products) according to the ITIL Self-Assessment table, resulting in a classification of "Not Comply." Nevertheless, incident management demonstrated the ability to standardize workflows and sustain service performance, which can be continually monitored and reviewed to ensure stable quality of IT services.
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA HAVING UNUSUAL APPEARANCE OF TUMOR THROMBUS IN CBD ALONG WITH COINCIDENCE OF GALL BLADDER ASCARIASIS
Authors: MUHAMMAD TARIQ  , ZAHEER MUSTAFA
Published: June 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of liver cancer. Liver cancer usually is caused by liver scarring or cirrhosis. Cirrhosis typically is caused by alcohol abuse, hepatitis, or autoimmune disease. People with hepatitis B or C may be at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, even though they do not have cirrhosis. In Asia and Africa viral infection is most common cause whereas alcoholism being the most common cause of hepatic cirrhosis in USA and Europe leading to HCC. HCC is an aggressive tumor known for its propensity to directly invade the portal and hepatic veins, but lymphatic and distant metastases are not rare, especially in tumors greater than 5 cm [6]. Most extrahepatic HCC occurs in patients with an advanced intrahepatic tumor stage (stage IVa), as expected [5, 7]. The prognosis of patients with extrahepatic metastases is generally very poor. Ascariasis, the most common helminthic infection is caused by ascaris lumbricoides. Usually the adult worm lives in the small intestine. The migration of the parasite from small intestine into other organs is a very dangerous aspect of ascariasis. Rarely, it migrates through the papilla of vater and may enter the common bile duct. Presence of Ascaris lumbricoides in gallbladder is rare entity as it is difficult to reach their due to narrow and tortuous cystic duct. We are reporting a case of Hepatocellular carcinoma having direct infiltration into CBD presenting as tumor thrombus along with coincidence of GB ascariasis.
PREVALENCE OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING REGULAR MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS DUE TO END STAGE RENAL DISEASE
Authors: AURANGZEB AFZAL  , MUHAMMAD ASIM BHATTI  , SHUMAILA MANZOOR
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD) via arteriovenous access due to end stage renal diseae (ESRD) and correlation of PH with variables such as Age, Gender, Body mass index, Hypertension, Diabetes, duration of dialysis, hemoglobin (HB) concentration.

Methodology: The type of study is a Cross sectional study that was conducted In Nephrology Department, Lahore General Hospital, Pakistan over a period of 6months, From July 2016, to Dec, 2016 in Age group 16yrs to 65yrs old Population, taking into consideration the inclusion & exclusion criteria and appropriate informed consent after taking detailed history of every patient. The study population consisted of n=50 with end stage renal disease. Various parameters including the Pulmonary Arterial systolic pressure (PASP) were recorded. A pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 25mmHg at rest was defined as pulmonary hypertension, and it was further divided into three sub categories mild (btw 25-40mmHg), moderate (btw 40-55mmHg) and severe (greater than 55mmHg). Data were correlated with different variables like Age, Gender, Body mass index, Hypertension, Diabetes, Duration of dialysis, HB concentration. Data was analyzed using SPSS v23.0. Results: Out of the Total n=50 patients, 28(56%) were males and 22(44%) were females. The mean duration of time duration of dialysis was 14.88±9.87 months. 18(36%) patients were found to have PH, 32(64%) did not have PH. Pulmonary hypertension was found to be greater in patients who had been on dialysis for more than 5 months. It was also noticed that longer the duration of Hemodialysis, greater the prevalence of PH. Our study revealed a positive association between the duration of dialysis and the prevalence of PH along-with low levels of hemoglobin with mean 10.02± 2.12 and high body mass index with mean 24.0±6.62.

Conclusion: According to the results of our study patients on maintenance hemodialysis due to end stage renal disease ,the prevalence of PH is more common in males and has a strong correlation with the duration of maintenance hemodialysis, body mass index, old age group (46-65yrs), Diabetes, Hypertension and low HB concentration.
KAJIAN KONTROVERSI PEMIKIRAN TENTANG TERJADINYA AIR BAH DALAM KEJADIAN 6-9 (LOKAL ATAU UNIVERSAL)
Authors: Tatuhas Jhounlee
Published: June 2023

Kebingungan memahami dan mempercayai yang tertulis dalam Alkitab apakah yang benar adalah Air Bah itu lokal atau universal, pada akhirnya bisa berdampak meragukan kebenaran Alkitab. Hal inilah yang melatar belakangi penulisan ini, dengan tujuan mau meyakinkan kebenaran Air Bah, bahwa hal itu benar universal sesuai dengan dituliskan dalam Alkitab, Peneliti memfokuskan penelitian pada pengkajian literature. Peneliti akan menganalisis berdasarkan prinsip hermeneutik. Hermeneutik adalah ilmu yang mengajar prinsip-prinsip, aturan-aturan, dan metode interpretasi (menafsir).  Peneliti akan meneliti secara induktif. Induktif artinya menyelidiki tidak secara asal-asalan, tetapi secara metodis, sistematis, utuh, dan mendalam, dalam usaha menemukan kebenaran firman Tuhan yang tidak ternilai harganya.
Beberapa tokoh ahli geologi yang kokoh dengan keyakinan evolusi, tetap berpendapat bahwa Air Bah yang melandah seluruh bumi yang diuraikan dalam Alkitab itu, tidak pernah terjadi, meski ada banyak bukti etnologi, filologi, arkeologi dan geologi, bahwa Air Bah itu sungguh-sungguh terjadi. Adapun hasil penelitian adalah bencana alam Air Bah terjadi secara universal. Jika Air Bah dalam Kitab Kejadian hanyalah banjir lokal, maka janji Allah bahwa tidak akan pernah ada lagi banjir semacam itu adalah suatu kebohongan. Tulisan Alkitab menunjukan bahwa penyebab kongkret dari Air Bah itu adalah “terbukanya tingkap-tingkap langit” dan “terbelahnya segala mata air samudera raya yang dahsyat.” Hal ini menunjukan gambaran yang universal-menyeluruh terjadinya Air Bah.
Upaya peningkatan ketaatan minum obat melalui pemberian leaflet pada pasien tuberkulosis paru di puskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: - Husnawati , Anugrah Farel , Pratiwi Erniza
Published: June 2023

Tingginya tingkat mobilitas dan kepadatan penduduk, menyebabkan penyebaran dan kematian akibat tuberkulosis semakin meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pemberian leaflet dalam meningkatkan ketaatan minum obat pada pasien tuberkulosis paru di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru periode Februari-April 2016. Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu dengan non-randomize control group pretest-postest design. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria yang ditetapkan, 20 responden pada kelompok kontrol dan 20 responden pada kelompok intervensi. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan Mann-Whitney, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan ketaatan yang bermakna pada pasien tuberkulosis paru sebelum dan sesudah pemberian leaflet. Upaya peningkatan ketaatan minum obat pada pasien tuberkulosis paru di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru melalui pemberian leaflet menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan.
Vortex Preconditioning of the 2021 Sudden Stratospheric Warming: Barotropic/Baroclinic Instability Associated with the Double Westerly Jets
Authors: Yoo Ji-Hee , Chun Hye-Yeong , Kang Min-Jee
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This study explores the abrupt split of the polar vortex in the upper stratosphere prior to a recent sudden stratospheric warming event on 5 January 2021 (SSW21) and the mechanisms of vortex preconditioning by using the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA2) global reanalysis data. SSW21 is preceded by the highly distorted polar vortex that was initially displaced off the pole but eventually split at the onset date. Vortex splitting is most significant in the mid-stratosphere (1 hPa altitude) accompanied by the anomalous growth of westward-propagating planetary waves (PWs) of zonal wavenumber (ZWN) 2 (WPW2). While previous studies have suggested the East Asian trough as a potential source for the abnormal WPW2 growth, the prominent westward-propagating nature cannot be explained satisfactorily by the upward propagation of the quasi-stationary ZWN2 fluxes in the troposphere. More importantly, WPW2 exhibits an obvious in-situ excitation signature within the barotropically and baroclinically destabilized stratosphere, dominated by the easterlies descending from the stratopause containing the WPW2 critical levels. This suggests that the vortex split is attributed to the WPW2 generated in situ within the stratosphere via instability. Vortex destabilization is achieved as the double-jet structure consisting of a subtropical mesospheric core and a polar stratospheric core develops into SSW21 by encouraging the anomalous dissipation of the upward-propagating tropospheric ZWN1 PWs. This double-jet configuration is likely a favorable precursor for SSW onset, not only for the SSW21 but generally for most SSWs, through promoting the anomalous growth of unstable PWs as well as the enhancement of the tropospheric PW dissipation.
DEUCE v1.0: A neural network for probabilistic precipitation nowcasting with aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties
Authors: Harnist Bent , Pulkkinen Seppo , Mäkinen Terhi
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Precipitation nowcasting (forecasting locally for 0–6 h) serves both public security and industries, facilitating the mitigation of losses incurred due to e.g. flash floods, and is usually done by predicting weather radar echoes, which provides better performance than NWP at that scale. Probabilistic nowcasts are especially useful as they provide a desirable framework for operational decision-making. Many extrapolation-based statistical nowcasting methods exist, but they all suffer from a limited ability to capture the nonlinear growth and decay of precipitation, leading to a recent paradigm shift towards deep learning methods, more capable of representing these patterns. Despite of its potential advantages, the application of deep learning in probabilistic nowcasting has only recently started to be explored. Here we develop a novel probabilistic precipitation nowcasting method, based on Bayesian neural networks with variational inference and the U-Net architecture, named DEUCE. The method estimates the total predictive uncertainty of precipitation by combining estimates of the epistemic (knowledge-related, reducible) and heteroscedastic aleatoric (data-dependent, irreducible) uncertainties, and produces an ensemble of development scenarios for the following 60 minutes. DEUCE is trained and verified using Finnish Meteorological Institute radar composites against established classical models. Our model is found to produce both skillful and reliable probabilistic nowcasts based on various evaluation criteria. It improves ROC Area Under the Curve scores 1–5 % over STEPS and LINDA-P baselines, and comes close to the best-performer STEPS on a CRPS metric. The reliability of DEUCE is demonstrated with, e.g., having the lowest Expected Calibration Error at 20 and 25 dBZ reflectivity thresholds, and coming second at 35 dBZ. On the other hand, deterministic performance of ensemble means is found to be worse than that of extrapolation and LINDA-D baselines. Lastly, the composition of the predictive uncertainty is analysed and described, with the conclusion that aleatoric uncertainty is more significant and informative than epistemic uncertainty in the DEUCE model.
On the importance of observation uncertainty when evaluating and comparing models: a hydrological example
Authors: Aerts Jerom P.M. , Hoch Jannis M. , Coxon Gemma , van de Giesen Nick C. , Hut Rolf W.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The comparison of models in geosciences involves refining a single model or comparing various model structures. However, such model comparison studies are potentially invalid without considering the uncertainty estimates of observations in evaluating relative model performance. The temporal sampling of the observation and simulation time series is an additional source of uncertainty as a few observation and simulation pairs, in the form of outliers, might have a disproportionate effect on the model skill score. In this study we highlight the importance of including observation uncertainty and temporal sampling uncertainty when comparing or evaluating hydrological models. In hydrology, large-sample hydrology datasets contain a collection of catchments with hydro-meteorological time series, catchment boundaries and catchment attributes that provide an excellent test-bed for model evaluation and comparison studies. In this study, two model experiments that cover different purposes for model evaluation are set up using 396 catchments from the CAMELS-GB dataset. The first experiment, intra-model, mimics a model refinement case by evaluating the streamflow estimates of the distributed wflow_sbm hydrological model with and without additional calibration. The second experiment, inter-model, is a model comparison based on the streamflow estimates of the distributed PCR-GLOBWB and wflow_sbm hydrological models. The temporal sampling uncertainty, the result of outliers in observation and simulation pairs, is found to be substantial throughout the case study area. High temporal sampling uncertainty indicates that the model skill scores used to evaluate model performance are heavily influenced by only a few data points in the time series. This is the case for half of the simulations (210) of the first intra-model experiment and 53 catchment simulations of the second inter-model experiment as indicated by larger sampling uncertainty than the difference in the KGE-NP model skill score. These cases highlight the importance of reporting and determining the cause of temporal sampling uncertainty before drawing conclusions on large-sample hydrology based model performance. The streamflow observation uncertainty analysis shows similar results. One third of the catchments simulations (123) of the intra-model experiment contains smaller streamflow simulation differences between models than streamflow observation uncertainties, compared to only 4 catchment simulations of the inter-model experiment due to larger differences between streamflow simulations. These catchments simulations should be excluded before drawing conclusions based on large-samples of catchments. The results of this study demonstrate that it is crucial for benchmark efforts based on large-samples of catchments to include streamflow observation uncertainty and temporal sampling uncertainty to obtain more robust results.
The NOAA Aerosol Reanalysis version 1.0 (NARA v1.0): Description of the Modeling System and its Evaluation
Authors: Wei Shih-Wei , Pagowski Mariusz , da Silva Arlindo , Lu Cheng-Hsuan , Huang Bo
Published: June 2023

Abstract. In this manuscript, we describe the first ever global aerosol reanalysis at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the NOAA Aerosol ReAnalysis version 1.0 (NARA v1.0) that was produced for the year 2016. In NARA v1.0, the forecast model is an early version of the operational Global Ensemble Forecast System-Aerosols (GEFS-Aerosols) model. The three-dimensional ensemble-variational (3D-EnVar) data assimilation (DA) system configuration is built using elements of the Joint Effort for Data assimilation Integration (JEDI) framework being developed at the Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA). The Neural Network Retrievals (NNR) of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at 550 nm from the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments are assimilated to provide reanalysis of aerosol mass mixing ratios. We evaluate NARA v1.0 against a wide variety of Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AERONET) observations, against National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications 2 (MERRA-2; Gelaro et al., 2017; Randles et al., 2017; Buchard et al., 2017) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts’ (ECMWF) Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service ReAnalysis (CAMSRA; Inness et al., 2019), and against measurements of surface concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and aerosol species. Overall, the 3D-EnVar DA system significantly improves AOD simulations compared to observations, but the assimilation has limited impact on chemical composition and size distributions of aerosols. This reveals limitations of assimilating AOD retrievals at a single wavelength. We also identify deficiencies in the model’s representations of aerosol chemistry and their optical properties elucidated from evaluation of NARA v1.0 against AERONET observations. A comparison of seasonal profiles of aerosol species from NARA v1.0 with the other two reanalyses exposes significant differences in climatologies. These differences reflect uncertainties in simulating aerosols in general. In our opinion, such uncertainties may translate to inaccuracies in weather and climate modeling when impacts of aerosols on atmospheric radiation and/or cloud processes are considered.
Identifying Atmospheric Rivers and their Poleward Latent Heat Transport with Generalizable Neural Networks: ARCNNv1
Authors: Mahesh Ankur , O'Brien Travis , Loring Burlen , Elbashandy Abdelrahman , Boos William , Collins William
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are extreme weather events that can alleviate drought or cause billions of dollars in flood damage. By transporting significant amounts of latent energy towards the poles, they are crucial to maintaining the climate system’s energy balance. Since there is no first-principles definition of an AR grounded in geophysical fluid mechanics, AR identification is currently performed by a multitude of expert-defined, threshold-based algorithms. The variety of AR detection algorithms has introduced uncertainty into the study of ARs, and the algorithms' thresholds may not generalize to new climate datasets and resolutions. We train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect ARs while representing this uncertainty; we name these models ARCNNs. To detect ARs without requiring new labeled data and labor-intensive AR detection campaigns, we present a semi-supervised learning framework based on image style transfer. This framework generalizes ARCNNs across climate datasets and input fields. Using idealized and realistic numerical models, together with observations, we assess the performance of the ARCNNs. We test the ARCNNs in an idealized simulation of a shallow water fluid, in which nearly all the tracer transport can be attributed to AR-like filamentary structures. In reanalysis and a high-resolution climate model, we use ARCNNs to calculate the contribution of ARs to meridional latent heat transport, and we demonstrate that this quantity varies considerably due to AR detection uncertainty.
Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 Simulations Using the Same Multi-Target Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Strategy
Authors: Henry Matthew , Haywood Jim , Jones Andy , Dalvi Mohit , Wells Alice , Visioni Daniele , Bednarz Ewa , MacMartin Douglas , Lee Walker , Tye Mari
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Solar climate intervention using stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a method which could offset some of the adverse effects of global warming. The Assessing Responses and Impacts of Solar climate intervention on the Earth system with Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (ARISE-SAI) set of simulations is based on a moderate greenhouse gas emission scenario and employs injection of sulphur dioxide at four off-equatorial locations using a control algorithm which maintains the global-mean surface temperature at 1.5 K above preindustrial conditions (ARISE-SAI-1.5), as well as the latitudinal gradient and inter-hemispheric difference in surface temperature. This is the first comparison between two models (CESM2 and UKESM1) applying the same multi-target SAI strategy. CESM2 is successful in reaching its temperature targets, but UKESM1 has considerable residual Arctic warming. This occurs because the pattern of temperature change in a geoengineered climate is determined both by the structure of the climate forcing (mainly greenhouse gases and stratospheric aerosols) and the climate models’ feedbacks, the latter of which favour a strong Arctic amplification of warming in UKESM1. Therefore, research constraining the level of future Arctic warming would also inform any hypothetical SAI deployment strategy which aims to maintain the interhemispheric and equator-to-pole near-surface temperature differences. Furthermore, despite broad agreement in the precipitation response in the extratropics, precipitation changes over tropical land show important inter-model differences, even under greenhouse gas forcing only. In general, this ensemble comparison is the first step in comparing policy-relevant scenarios of SAI, and will help in the design of an experimental protocol which both reduces some known negative side effects of SAI and is simple enough to encourage more climate models to participate.
Um programa de governança em privacidade eficiente como diretiva equilibrante entre a necessidade e o risco no tratamento de dados pessoais pela Administração Pública
Authors: Tamer Maurício
Published: June 2023

The paper aims to explore the personal data processing by the Public Administration, especially to ensure compliance of public entities with privacy and personal data protection legislation, particularly the Brazilian General Data Protection Act. In this context, it seeks to answer the following scientific problem: how can the Public Administration develop an efficient management program to preserve and enhance the legal obligations for which it was conceived and exists?
Estabilidade financeira e gasto público
Authors: Fernandes de Oliveira Regis
Published: June 2023

O artigo analisa a estabilidade e a instabilidade ao longo dos governos. Reconhece que nunca houve serenidade nas contas públicas. Confrontos bélicos. O problema no Brasil. As disparidades sociais. A repercussão da COVID-19. O advento da EC nº 114/211. O jogo de dominação na conquista do poder. Exemplos de serenidade financeira utópica. Quais as soluções? Algumas ideias ponderáveis.
La vida adaptativa
Authors: Vanegas Rivera Luis Fernando , Ramos Lasso Lorena Catherine
Published: June 2023

En la Ética Nicomáquea, se sostiene que la vida contemplativa consiste en una actividad más que en un estado de reposo, y que esta actividad está relacionada con la virtud y el intelecto (Partal y Aloy, 2013). Este argumento se centra en la búsqueda de la felicidad y en las acciones que podemos llevar a cabo para alcanzarla, y es el propósito que subyace en el libro de Hannah Arendt (Arendt, 1993).

El objetivo de este documento es examinar la argumentación planteada por Arendt y adoptar una postura crítica frente a los miedos y las experiencias derivados de la visión limitada y sesgada de la sociedad sobre la acción humana. La dicotomía entre la vida activa y la vida contemplativa puede no ser válida si consideramos que los roles de los individuos se limitan a dar respuesta a sus condiciones particulares, es decir, una vida adaptativa.
La influencia de la biomímesis en la arquitectura
Authors: Meléndez Sáenz Clemencia
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo pretende identificar las diferentesformas como la biomímesis ha estadopresente de manera empírica y disciplinar en laarquitectura a través de los siglos; desde las primerascivilizaciones el hombre ha tomado comoinspiración la naturaleza para sus diferentes edificacionesobservando su forma y su función, másadelante, en el siglo XXI se incursiona en el estudioa nivel molecular de diferentes organismosvivos para aprender de su capacidad de adaptaciónal medio y de esta manera, seguir imitando a la naturalezapara poder brindar al usuario del edificioel confort climático y la sostenibilidad requeridaspara su óptimo uso.
Mixing and Matching in the Evolution of Hemoglobin
Authors: Singh Supreet , Gray Patricia
Published: June 2023

Hemoglobin, a multi-subunit protein used for oxygen transport to peripheral tissues in animals, has a rich evolutionary history that spans over 500 million years. Repeated use of pre-existing genes has generated novel functions, usually by means of gene duplication events that are followed by co-option. Consequently, the evolution of hemoglobin is a valuable model in understanding the conservative use of extant genetic resources to gradually build metabolic complexity.
Rapid Speciation of the London Underground Mosquito (Culex pipiens molestus)
Authors: Garras Youssef , Gray Patricia
Published: June 2023

In evolutionary biology, speciation is often perceived as a gradual evolutionary process spanning thousands of generations. However, the emergence of the London Underground mosquito (Culex pipiens molestus) from the common house mosquito (Culex pipiens) illustrates a recent, observable speciation event. Via allopatric speciation, the mosquito population in London’s underground railway system evolved distinct behavioural and physiological characteristics, becoming isolated and successful in its unique underground environment. The two mosquito species are significantly genetically distinct, and various reproductive barriers exist between them. The London Underground mosquito demonstrates a rapid speciation event that occurred over only a couple generations and is a strong model of evolution.
Cultural safe healthcare initiatives, implementations, and recommendations, for Indigenous peoples of Canada: a systematic review
Authors: Stevenson Paige , Tobias Joshua
Published: June 2023

The health of Indigenous peoples across Canada continues to be significantly impacted by experiences of racism when seeking healthcare. Implementing cultural safety was identified by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada as a critical way to mitigate these negative health consequences. This systematic review aims to outline cultural safety and its associated derivatives in academia, what cultural safety is, and why it is important in the context of indigenous healthcare. A systematic search of PubMed was carried out refining searches to Canadian contexts, published after December of 2015, and limited to peer-reviewed reviews and systematic reviews. A thematic review of the articles identified four central ideas of importance regarding the information presented in the papers; definitions of cultural safety and associated derivatives, the importance of including culture in healthcare, recommendations to healthcare settings, and evaluation methods of cultural safety initiatives. It is clear that there is a need for an explicit and consistent definition of cultural safety with the inclusion of Indigenous peoples in the creation of this definition. To determine effectiveness, gaps and areas for improvement, evaluation methods inclusive of the unique Indigenous worldviews are imperative to develop culturally safe healthcare practices and institutions.
La UNESCO y la modernización educativa en el franquismo: Origen y desarrollo institucional del programa Education for International Understanding en España (1950-1975)
Authors: González-Delgado Mariano
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo analiza el origen y el desarrollo del programa Education for International Understanding de la UNESCO durante el franquismo. El programa comenzó su andadura durante los años cuarenta a través de la publicación de una serie de trabajos en las principales revistas educativas del régimen. De manera paulatina, el mismo se fue concretando en una serie de acciones que terminaron por concretarse en la construcción de mesas bilaterales de trabajo para revisar libros de texto de Historia y Geografía. Durante la década de los setenta el trabajo relacionado con la revisión de libros de texto se diluyó y el programa sufrió un proceso notable e diversificación. Este trabajo tiene un doble objetivo. Por un lado, trata de estudiar la importancia que tuvieron los Organismos Internacionales en el proceso de modernización educativa durante la dictadura. Por otro lado, también se pretende establecer un diálogo y reflexión de carácter teórico e historiográfico respecto a las investigaciones que abordar el franquismo y la educación. Se concluye indicando la necesidad de repensar las categorías usadas hasta el momento para comprender mejor la naturaleza educativa de la dictadura.
Impactos del cierre de escuelas sobre el derecho a la educación en la Argentina
Authors: Ruiz Guillermo Ramón
Published: June 2023

La pandemia del Covid19 ha tenido impactos sobre la escolarización en todo el mundo. En este trabajo se analizan algunos de los efectos que sobre el derecho a la educación han tenido las políticas de cierre escolar en el contexto argentino. Para ello se consideran los resultados de las evaluaciones que el Estado nacional ha aplicado luego del período de suspensión de clases presenciales. En términos metodológicos el diseño de esta investigación incluye técnicas cualitativas y técnicas cuantitativas. En primer lugar, se define a la educación como un derecho humano fundamental para luego comprender las implicancias que puede acarrear el cierre de las escuelas. En segundo lugar, se describen las características de la organización institucional del sistema escolar argentino en función de su normativa, lo cual incide en lo que pueden decidir los diferentes Estados subnacionales en materia de prestación del servicio educativo. Seguidamente, se analizan las medidas tomadas por las autoridades en los años 2020 y 2021 y los conflictos generados entre los diferentes niveles del Estado federal. Finalmente, se estudian los resultados obtenidos en las evaluaciones de la calidad educativa, y se coloca el foco en tres Estados provinciales para comparar el desempeño académico luego del cierre escolar. Los resultados son variados, aunque se evidencia un deterioro en comparación con los obtenidos en los años previos a la pandemia. Todo lo cual indica una afectación negativa sobre el ejercicio del derecho a la educación debido a las políticas implementadas, lo que deja secuelas en el desarrollo humano ulterior.
Methodological Approaches Used in the Works of Fatima Mernissi on Issues of Islam and Gender Equality
Authors: Ayaz Hacer
Published: June 2023

The aim of this article is to reveal the methodological approaches that deal with the issues of Islam and gender equality in the works of Moroccan sociologist Fatima Mernissi, which is discussed within the scope of Islamic feminist discourse. In this sense, the subjects of "veil" and "women's leadership", which have an important place in Mernissi's works, are discussed as examples. In this context, two distinct methodological approaches stand out. These are the contextualist approach and hadith criticism. Mernissi's use of both methodologies in her work puts her in a special and unique position among Islamic feminist researchers. As a matter of fact, Muslim thinkers working on Islam and gender equality mainly focus on the Qur'an. This causes the field of hadith to remain in the background. In addition, even if the hadiths are discussed, the number of researchers who benefit from the classical methodology is quite limited. In this case, Mernissi's interest in both the fields of the Qur'an and hadith and her use of a methodological approach such as the hadith criticism put forward by the classical ulama in order to refute the validity of the acceptance by the classical ulema that women cannot be a leader brings her to the fore. Key Words: Contextualist Approach, Hadith Criticism, Veil, Women's Leadership
Tytuły wykonawcze jako przedmiot fałszerstwa
Authors: Gągolewski Janusz Łukasz
Published: June 2023

Artykuł poświęcony został problematyce istnienia w obrocie sfałszowanych dokumentów, w tym również tytułów wykonawczych. Przestępstwa skierowane przeciwko dokumentom stanowią poważne zagrożenie, ponieważ ich efekty prowadzą do problemów gospodarczych i społecznych, wśród których do najistotniejszych zaliczyć należy zachwianie pewności obrotu gospodarczego czy utratę przez społeczeństwo poczucia bezpieczeństwa. Szacuje się, że przestępstwa przeciwko wiarygodności dokumentów stanowią 6% wszystkich przestępstw, natomiast wśród przestępstw gospodarczych to aż 40%. Skala opisanego problemu wynika w głównej mierze z braku uregulowań w zakresie bezpieczeństwa dokumentów, w tym niewystarczająco wysokiej jakości metod produkcji czy systemów kontroli. Zjawisko to stanowi również poważne zagrożenie w egzekucji tytułów wykonawczych, ponieważ szacuje się, że w 2016 r. przynajmniej 420 komornikom przekazano do egzekucji podrobione tytuły wykonawcze. Dostępne metody oceny wiarygodności dokumentów nie pozwalają na skuteczną weryfikację tytułów wykonawczych, co z kolei prowadzi do naruszenia prawa własności ofiar przestępstwa. Wydaje się, iż pomoc w dążeniu do rozwiązania istniejącego problemu może stanowić uchwalona przez parlament ustawa o dokumentach publicznych, której celem będzie stworzenie skutecznego systemu bezpieczeństwa dokumentów publicznych.
Wykorzystanie materiałów z czynności operacyjno – rozpoznawczych w postępowaniu karnym
Authors: Łabuz Paweł
Published: June 2023

Artykuł przedstawia zasadnicze aspekty dokonywanej przez biegłego sądowego ekspertyzy materiałów dowodowych uzyskanych w toku czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych prowadzonych przez uprawnione do tego służby państwowe, udostępnianych w różnej formie na potrzeby procesu karnego. Omówiono istotne elementy podczas postępowania dowodowego, które mogą się pojawić w związku z wykorzystywaniem przedmiotowych materiałów, a także zasadność i istotę dokonania ekspertyzy oraz opiniowania materiałów uzyskanych z czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych.
Identyfikacja ofiar terroru, cz. 3 – World Trade Center
Authors: Śledziński Łukasz Jan
Published: June 2023

Atak terrorystyczny na World Trade Center był najtragiczniejszym w skutkach zamachem wymierzonym w niewinnych obywateli. Od tamtego czasu data 11.09 jest symbolicznym początkiem walki z terroryzmem. Olbrzymia katastrofa budowlana, wywołana przez dwa samoloty pasażerskie, pilotowane przez terrorystów, pochłonęła życie ok. 2500 ofiar. W pracy opisano metody oraz system i procedury działań antropologów i genetyków sądowych, którzy nieprzerwanie od ponad 16 lat próbują zidentyfikować wszystkie szczątki ofiar odnalezione pod gruzami WTC. Do tej pory 40% ofiar nadal pozostało bezimiennych. Praca zawiera także podsumowanie całości projektu pt. „Identyfikacja ofiar terroru”, na którą składają się trzy części: „Srebrenica”, „Rodzina Romanowów” oraz „World Trade Center”.
Inclusão de estudante com TEA no ensino regular e contribuições do Plano Educacional Individualizado: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Rambo Roseli Wolschick , Almeida Leonardo Rocha de , Martins Rosemari Lorenz
Published: June 2023

A partir do tema inclusão de estudante com autismo no ensino regular e contribuições do plano educacional individualizado, o presente artigo tem como objetivo buscar, na literatura, relações entre inclusão escolar, plano educacional individualizado (PEI) e desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades de alunos com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) no ensino regular. Acredita-se que a criança com TEA tem o direito de construir aprendizagem e não apenas ser inserida em sala de aula sem um planejamento pedagógico adequado, que considere suas habilidades, suas dificuldades e necessidades. Para identificar achados de estudos já realizados sobre esse tema, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura na base de dados Scielo e no Google Acadêmico. A investigação revelou que a escola regular ainda necessita de adaptações curriculares para que a inclusão aconteça de fato. Frente a essa discussão, evidenciou-se a importância do uso do PEI para o processo de inclusão na escola regular.
The Dynamics of Innovation on Firm Performance: Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Firms in Sindh Pakistan
Authors: Raza Saleem , Laghari Minhoon Khan , Junejo Mummtaz Ali
Published: June 2023

Innovation is defined as the process of producing developing new products and services for significant positive change, innovation is a crucial driver of economic growth and societal progress.   Aim of this paper is to analyze the direct, indirect, and total effects of exogenous variables product innovation, process innovation, and organizational innovation, with the mediating effects of organizational innovation capability and dynamic capability on endogenous variable firm performance. In the context of Resource Based view theory organizational achievement is defined with reference to utilization resources, proficiencies to achieve competitive advantage, sustainable and viable. In the framework of this concepts, innovation which leads to shape resources capabilities for better performance in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms of Sindh. Path analysis approach is incorporated for analyzing multivariate causal effect, a five-point Likert scale, and a pretested, closed ended questionnaire was used for feedback of responses. Cluster sampling technique is incorporated for compilation of data, by using SPSS 25 version software for demographic statistics, and PLS 3.5.V for inferential statistics.  Direct, indirect, and total effects is significantly positive, except PI > to DC > is insignificantly associated with firm performance. Partial mediation is established by the, product innovation, and organizational innovation through organization innovation capability and dynamic capability with firm performance.The limitation only cover the pharmaceutical manufacturing firms al so limitations are expelled various variables of firm performance because of limited time. Beside these limitations, this study provides direction to top management and policymakers for enhancing of performance of manufacturing firms of Sindh.
Modelling of Reference Evapotranspiration using Artificial Neural Network in Semi-arid Region of North Gujarat
Authors: Jaydip J. Makwana  , B. S. Deora  , B. S. Parmar  , C. K. Patel  , A. K. Saini
Published: June 2023

In order to efficiently manage the limited water resources in semi-arid regions, accurate quantification of irrigation water requirement of irrigated areas is deemed necessary. Since the irrigation water requirements of crops depend on reference evapotranspiration (ET0 ), assessment of ET0 is a key task in development of water resource management plans. This study examined effectiveness of the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) for the estimation of ET0 using incomplete meteorological variables. These ANN models use daily meteorological data (maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and bright sunshine hours) as inputs, and provide ET0 as outputs. Considering individual and possible combinations of these 5 input variables in combination with different number of hidden neurons (1 to 20), 31 model architectures were evaluated for their accuracy in estimating ET0 . The results showed that the proper choice of neural network architecture allowed not only error minimization, but also strengthened the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables. The ANN architecture 5-11-1, having all five parameters as input, showed highest accuracy with R2 , NSE, RMSE, MAE as 0.98, 98.16%, 0.24 mm.day-1, 0.17 mm.day-1 during training; and 0.98, 98.11%, 0.27 mm.day-1, 0.19 mm.day-1 during the testing period, respectively. Comparative performance of ANN models showed choice of input meteorological variables and model architecture are major determinants of ANN model performance and that the properly trained and tested ANN model can be used in estimation of ET0 in the semi-arid regions of India.
Peranan Hukum Adat Dalam Mempertahankan Gastronomi Lokal Sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Di Desa Sembalun Lombok Timur Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Mahawira Komang
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini mengangkat judul Peranan hukum adat dalam mempertahankan gastronomi local sebagai daya Tarik wisata di desa Sembalun Lombok Timur Nusa Tenggara Barat, menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif focus penelitiannya ada dua yaitu : pertama tentang hukum adat desa Sembalun yang disebut Krama Adat Negeri Sembahulun dan yang kedua adalah Peranan hukum adat dalam mempertahakan gastronomi local desa Sembalun. Adapun kesimpulan penelitiannya adalah Hukum adat yang berlaku di desa Sembalun telah memenuhi unsur unsur sebagai hukum adat yaitu ; memiliki struktur hukum berupa Krama Adat Negeri Sembahulun, memiliki substansi hukum berupa awig awig yang telah ditetapkan dan diterapkan secara turun temurun yang apabila dilanggar akan dikenakan sanksi sesuai pelanggarannya dan memiliki budaya hukum yang secara turun temurun ditaati dan dilaksanakan secara konsisten oleh masyarakat desa Semalun dan Hukum adat desa Sembalun dapat mempertahankan gastronomi local sehingga sampai saat ini makanan dan minuman khas Sembalun dapat dinikmati sebagai daya Tarik wisata oleh wisatawan baik wisatawan Nusantara maupun wisatawan Mancanegara.  Mengasilkan tiga rekomendasi yaitu : Bagi pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah ahar gapat melakukan pengakuan dan perlindungan terhadap masyarakat hukum adat desa Sembalun sesuai peraturan yang berlaku sehingga hukum adat tersebut dapat terus hidup dalam masyarakat dan dapat mempertahankan gastronomi local sebagai daya Tarik wisata desa Sembalun. Bagi masyarakat desa Sembalun agar tetap menghormati dan mentaati hukum adat yang telah berlaku secara turun temurun sehingga dapat mempertahankan gastronomi local sebagai daya Tarik wisata desa Sembalun baik secara kuantitas maupun secara kualitasnya dan Bagi wisatawan agar menghormati dan tidak melakukan pelanggaran terhadap hukum adat yang berlaku di desa Sembalun sehingga tidak terjadi hal hal yang dapat merugikan baik bagi wisatawan maupun masyarakat desa Sembalun khususnya terhadap gastronomi local sehingga tetap menjadi daya Tarik wisata yang unik dan khas yang dapat dinikmati di desa Sembalun.
Correlation of Kinesiophobia and Physical Activity Level Among Individual with Primary Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Madhavbhai Paliwal Medha , Jhala Mihirdev
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea is most common complaint in women’s medicine. More than 50% of women who have menstrual bleeding have a painful menstruation. Persistence primary dysmenorrhea has direct impact on everyday activity, physical performance and show avoidance response to coping with pain causing fear of movement known as kinesiophobia. Therefore, the objective of study is to find correlation between kinesiophobia and physical activity level.
Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted on females between age group of 18-24 years from various colleges of Ahmedabad city. Tempa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK) and international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) was filled by 111 individuals with primary dysmenorrhea and submitted through google form. Ethical clearance has been taken.
Result: SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis. There is significant negative correlation found between kinesiophobia and physical activity level (r= -0.278; P= 0.003).
Conclusion: - The result of the present study suggests that subjects of primary dysmenorrhea with higher physical activity level have lower kinesiophobia.

Key words: Primary Dysmenorrhea, Kinesiophobia, Physical Activity Level.
Knowledge and Attitude Towards Down Syndrome Among People at Ahmedabad
Authors: Modi Chaxu Ramakantbhai , Desai Mansee
Published: June 2023

Background: A genetic condition known as Down syndrome (DS) is characterised by the presence of an extra copy of the 21st chromosome. The cause of the extra full or partial chromosome is unknown. Down syndrome affects approximately 1 in 733 live births. Understanding deficiencies in this knowledge and attitude about DS can help us raise awareness among the masses about the genetic disorder, in turn facilitating social insertion of individuals with DS. In this study we assess the knowledge and attitude towards DS among people of Ahmedabad.
Methodology: Young adults were randomly surveyed at community level using a questionnaire which was filled through google form. The questionnaire included 7 questions for knowledge and 7 questions for attitude. Ethical Approval has been taken.
Results: Statistics were done of the 188 participants, out of whom 36%participants had inadequate knowledge and 22% had unfavourable attitude.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that there is a significant gap in knowledge about Down syndrome, which leads to an unfavourable attitude towards people with DS and somewhat misunderstanding of their condition.

Key words: Down syndrome, Knowledge, Attitude