bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PGNet: Progressive Feature Guide Learning Network for Three-dimensional Shape Recognition
Authors: Nie Jie , Wei Zhi-Qiang , Nie Weizhi , Liu An-An
Published: July 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) shape recognition is a popular topic and has potential application value in the field of computer vision. With the recent proliferation of deep learning, various deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art performance. Among them, multiview-based 3D shape representation has received increased attention in recent years, and related approaches have shown significant improvement in 3D shape recognition. However, these methods focus on feature learning based on the design of the network and ignore the correlation among views. In this article, we propose a novel progressive feature guide learning network (PGNet) that focuses on the correlation among multiple views and integrates multiple modalities for 3D shape recognition. In particular, we propose two information fusion schemes from visual and feature aspects. The visual fusion scheme focuses on the view level and employs the soft-attention model to define the weights of views for visual information fusion. The feature fusion scheme focuses on the feature dimension information and employs the quantified feature as the mask to further optimize the feature. These two schemes jointly construct a PGNet for 3D shape representation. The classic ModelNet40 and ShapeNetCore55 datasets are applied to demonstrate the performance of our approach. The corresponding experiment also demonstrates the superiority of our approach.
Label Consistent Flexible Matrix Factorization Hashing for Efficient Cross-modal Retrieval
Authors: Zhang Donglin , Wu Xiao-Jun , Yu Jun
Published: July 2021

Hashing methods have sparked a great revolution on large-scale cross-media search due to its effectiveness and efficiency. Most existing approaches learn unified hash representation in a common Hamming space to represent all multimodal data. However, the unified hash codes may not characterize the cross-modal data discriminatively, because the data may vary greatly due to its different dimensionalities, physical properties, and statistical information. In addition, most existing supervised cross-modal algorithms preserve the similarity relationship by constructing an
n
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pairwise similarity matrix, which requires a large amount of calculation and loses the category information. To mitigate these issues, a novel cross-media hashing approach is proposed in this article, dubbed label flexible matrix factorization hashing (LFMH). Specifically, LFMH jointly learns the modality-specific latent subspace with similar semantic by the flexible matrix factorization. In addition, LFMH guides the hash learning by utilizing the semantic labels directly instead of the large
n
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pairwise similarity matrix. LFMH transforms the heterogeneous data into modality-specific latent semantic representation. Therefore, we can obtain the hash codes by quantifying the representations, and the learned hash codes are consistent with the supervised labels of multimodal data. Then, we can obtain the similar binary codes of the corresponding modality, and the binary codes can characterize such samples flexibly. Accordingly, the derived hash codes have more discriminative power for single-modal and cross-modal retrieval tasks. Extensive experiments on eight different databases demonstrate that our model outperforms some competitive approaches.
Deep-based Self-refined Face-top Coordination
Authors: Li Honglin , Mao Xiaoyang , Xu Mengdi , Jin Xiaogang
Published: July 2021

Face-top coordination, which exists in most clothes-fitting scenarios, is challenging due to varieties of attributes, implicit correlations, and tradeoffs between general preferences and individual preferences. We present a Deep-Based Self-Refined (DBSR) system to simulate face-top coordination based on intuition evaluation. To this end, we first establish a well-coordinated face-top (WCFT) dataset from fashion databases and communities. Then, we use a jointly trained CNN Deep Canonical Correlation Analysis (DCCA) method to bridge the semantic face-top gap based on the WCFT dataset to deal with general preferences. Subsequently, an irrelevance-based Optimum-path Forest (OPF) method is developed to adapt the results to individual preferences iteratively. Experimental results and user study demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Full-reference Screen Content Image Quality Assessment by Fusing Multilevel Structure Similarity
Authors: Chen Chenglizhao , Zhao Hongmeng , Yang Huan , Yu Teng , Peng Chong , Qin Hong
Published: July 2021

Screen content images (SCIs) usually comprise various content types with sharp edges, in which artifacts or distortions can be effectively sensed by a vanilla structure similarity measurement in a full-reference manner. Nonetheless, almost all of the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) structure similarity metrics are “locally” formulated in a single-level manner, while the true human visual system (HVS) follows the multilevel manner; such mismatch could eventually prevent these metrics from achieving reliable quality assessment. To ameliorate this issue, this article advocates a novel solution to measure structure similarity “globally” from the perspective of sparse representation. To perform multilevel quality assessment in accordance with the real HVS, the abovementioned global metric will be integrated with the conventional local ones by resorting to the newly devised selective deep fusion network. To validate its efficacy and effectiveness, we have compared our method with 12 SOTA methods over two widely used large-scale public SCI datasets, and the quantitative results indicate that our method yields significantly higher consistency with subjective quality scores than the current leading works. Both the source code and data are also publicly available to gain widespread acceptance and facilitate new advancement and validation.
Distribution Aligned Multimodal and Multi-domain Image Stylization
Authors: Lin Minxuan , Tang Fan , Dong Weiming , Li Xiao , Xu Changsheng , Ma Chongyang
Published: July 2021

Multimodal and multi-domain stylization are two important problems in the field of image style transfer. Currently, there are few methods that can perform multimodal and multi-domain stylization simultaneously. In this study, we propose a unified framework for multimodal and multi-domain style transfer with the support of both exemplar-based reference and randomly sampled guidance. The key component of our method is a novel style distribution alignment module that eliminates the explicit distribution gaps between various style domains and reduces the risk of mode collapse. The multimodal diversity is ensured by either guidance from multiple images or random style codes, while the multi-domain controllability is directly achieved by using a domain label. We validate our proposed framework on painting style transfer with various artistic styles and genres. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons with state-of-the-art methods demonstrate that our method can generate high-quality results of multi-domain styles and multimodal instances from reference style guidance or a random sampled style.
Joint Deployment Strategy of Battery-Free Sensor Networks with Coverage Guarantee
Authors: Shi Tuo , Cai Zhipeng , Li Jianzhong , Gao Hong
Published: July 2021

The energy limitation of wireless sensors limits the lifetime of the traditional wireless sensor networks. The Battery-Free Sensor Network (BF-WSN) is a new network architecture proposed in recent years to address the limitation of wireless sensor networks. In a BF-WSN, the battery-free node can harvest energy from the ambient environment, and thus the lifetime of a BF-WSN is unlimited in terms of energy. The coverage quality is an important measurement of BF-WSNs. Considering the specific features of BF-WSNs, we propose a new deployment concept for BF-WSNs, named Joint Deployment. It aims to determine the locations and working schedules of sensor nodes to maximize network coverage quality. Based on the joint deployment concept, we propose a new deployment problem of battery-free sensor nodes. We prove that this problem is at least NP-Hard. We also analyze the upper bound of this problem. Furthermore, we propose an approximated algorithm to solve this problem and analyze the time complexity and the ratio bound of the algorithm. Extensive simulations are carried out to examine the performance of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm is efficient and effective.
Movie Recommendation System to Solve Data Sparsity Using Collaborative Filtering Approach
Authors: Lavanya R. , Bharathi B.
Published: July 2021

With the increase in numbers of multimedia technologies around us, movies and videos on social media and OTT platforms are growing, making it confusing for users to decide which one to watch for. For this, movie recommendation systems are widely used. It has been observed that two-thirds of the films watched on Netflix are the recommended ones to its users. The target of this work is to use implicit feedback given by other users to recommend movies, i.e., ratings given by them. Implicit feedback will help to enhance Data Sparsity as for a replacement logged-in user, the system won't have details of their past liked movies. So, matching the similarity with other users is often a plus point to recommend movies that they would like. The anticipated result will depend upon the positive attitude; i.e., if the predicted rating is high, then it'll be recommended; otherwise it'll not be recommended. The performance of the methodology is measured with accuracy and precision values for different strategies. It gives the best accuracy and highest precision values using Logistic Regression (LR) and lowest recall value as compared to other algorithms. This technique gives an accuracy, precision, and recall value of 81.9%, 69.82%, and 32.5%, respectively, using LR.
A Mobile-assisted Edge Computing Framework for Emerging IoT Applications
Authors: Guo Deke , Gu Siyuan , Xie Junjie , Luo Lailong , Luo Xueshan , Chen Yingwen
Published: July 2021

Edge computing (EC) is a promising paradigm for providing ultra-low latency experience for IoT applications at the network edge, through pre-caching required services in fixed edge nodes. However, the supply-demand mismatch can arise while meeting the peak period of some specific service requests. The mismatch between capacity provision and user demands can be fatal to the delay-sensitive user requests of emerging IoT applications and will be further exacerbated due to the long service provisioning cycle. To tackle this problem, we propose the mobile-assisted edge computing framework to improve the QoS of fixed edge nodes by exploiting mobile edge nodes. Furthermore, we devise a CRI (Credible, Reciprocal, and Incentive) auction mechanism to stimulate mobile edge nodes to participate in the services for user requests. The advantages of our mobile-assisted edge computing framework include higher task completion rate, profit maximization, and computational efficiency. Meanwhile, the theoretical analysis and experimental results guarantee the desirable economic properties of our CRI auction mechanism.
FWHT-RF: A Novel Computational Approach to Predict Plant Protein-Protein Interactions via an Ensemble Learning Method
Authors: Pan Jie , Li Li-Ping , Yu Chang-Qing , You Zhu-Hong , Ren Zhong-Hao , Tang Jing-Yu
Published: July 2021

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in plants are crucial for understanding biological processes. Although high-throughput techniques produced valuable information to identify PPIs in plants, they are usually expensive, inefficient, and extremely time-consuming. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel computational methods to predict PPIs in plants. In this article, we proposed a novel approach to predict PPIs in plants only using the information of protein sequences. Specifically, plants’ protein sequences are first converted as position-specific scoring matrix (PSSM); then, the fast Walsh–Hadamard transform (FWHT) algorithm is used to extract feature vectors from PSSM to obtain evolutionary information of plant proteins. Lastly, the rotation forest (RF) classifier is trained for prediction and produced a series of evaluation results. In this work, we named this approach FWHT-RF because FWHT and RF are used for feature extraction and classification, respectively. When applying FWHT-RF on three plants’ PPI datasets Maize, Rice, and Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), the average accuracies of FWHT-RF using 5-fold cross validation were achieved as high as 95.20%, 94.42%, and 83.85%, respectively. To further evaluate the predictive power of FWHT-RF, we compared it with the state-of-art support vector machine (SVM) and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifier in different aspects. The experimental results demonstrated that FWHT-RF can be a useful supplementary method to predict potential PPIs in plants.
Analysis of Threshold Change of Tumor Mutation Burden in Gastric Cancer
Authors: He Xinwei , Yu Ming , Wang Xuezhong , Chen Jixian , Li Xianglin
Published: July 2021

Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of tumor mutation burden (TMB) in gastric cancer (GC) and its relationship with prognosis. Methods. A total of 262 patients with GC from January 2018 to December 2019 were included in this study. All patients were in the advanced stage and were treated with surgical removal of D2 lymph nodes and dissection. Clinical data and gene expression profile data of the GC dataset in The Cancer Genome Atlas were collected. Patients were randomly divided into a high-level group and a low-level group according to the TMB of 8 mutations/Mb. TMB of GC was calculated based on cell mutation data. Cox regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between TMB and prognosis of GC patients. Results. The total mutation rate of 262GC patients was 92.85%. The top 5 mutant genes were TP53, RB1, ARID1A, KMT2B, and RET. The expression level of TMB in GC patients was statistically significant with age, drinking history, and differentiation type. 94 of the 262 patients died, and 168 survived during the follow-up period. Patients with a high level of TMB had a worse prognosis than those with low level of TMB. The results of univariate and multivariate logistic analysis showed that the overall survival rate of GC patients was statistically significant with age, drinking history, clinical stage, differentiation type, and TMB. Conclusion. GC patients are often accompanied by changes in TMB, and its expression level is closely related to the degree of pathological differentiation, which is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of GC patients. High TMB value can evaluate the prognosis and provide a reference for the formulation of clinical treatment plans for GC patients.
Remote Vibration Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis System of Synchronous Motor Based on Internet of Things Technology
Authors: Yuan Xinghua , He Yuling , Wan Shuting , Qiu Minghao , Jiang Hongchun
Published: July 2021

With the rapid growth of the country’s economy and the rapid expansion of the industrial scale, the engine is developing towards high speed, high efficiency, and high power density. Synchronous motors are an important part of the power provided by large-scale chemical enterprises. The protection and control of synchronous motors are related to the long-term and safe operation of enterprise electrical equipment. The purpose of this paper is to realize the remote vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis of multiple rotating machines and real-time online monitoring and data storage function of the vibration state of the monitored equipment. The operation is simple and stable, and therefore, the problem of the equipment can be found at the first time, which provides forward operation of the equipment for a long time. In this paper, vibration caused by unbalanced mechanical equipment is not normally monitored remotely. Taking rigid rotor rotating machine as the research object, we adopt “Web server-database server-client” structure, the structure is the core software and hardware system design, and the application of Internet of Things technology enables users to remotely monitor and analyze the vibration state of multiple rotating mechanical devices at the same time. Hardware design mainly includes processor, function chip, sensor selection, filter circuit, adaptive sampling frequency signal acquisition circuit, and temperature measurement circuit design. Software design mainly includes main program design, signal acquisition subroutine, calibration subroutine, unbalanced calculation subroutine, and GPRS network communication subroutine. Finally, the function and stability of the whole system are verified through multiple experimental analyses. The objective has finally been achieved. The remote vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis system of the rotating machines designed on this paper is of low cost and high efficiency, simple operation, and high stability, and it is essential to identify and eliminate equipment errors in time.
Carbon Emission Reduction and Coordination Strategies for New Energy Vehicle Closed‐Loop Supply Chain under the Carbon Trading Policy
Authors: Yin Yan , Liu Fengcai
Published: July 2021

Due to the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution, new energy vehicle (NEV) as a environmentally‐friendly travel tool has been vigorously developed by various countries. However, in 2020, China officially enters the “postsubsidy era” in which the carbon trading scheme will replace the current fiscal and taxation system, affecting the implementation of NEV. Under the carbon trading policy, it has gradually become a major issue how NEV companies achieve production revenue coordination and carbon emission optimization decisions. This study focuses on building a multilevel supply chain for NEV production, sales, and component recycling. In addition, this study establishes a Stackelberg game model dominated by NEV manufacturers and uses contracts to coordinate the model. Results are as follows: (1) With the increasing maturity and perfection of enterprises’ carbon emission reduction technology, consumers’ demand for new energy vehicles will increase, and the effect will be more obvious when the system centralized decision‐making. (2) Since the centralized decision is aimed at the total profit of the system and has the advantage of optimal order quantity, the total benefit of the supply chain is higher than that of the decentralized decision. Moreover, if the cost coefficient of carbon emission reduction is small, the total benefit of the supply chain under the centralized decision will be more obvious. (3) From the perspective of each member of the supply chain, the profit change of the manufacturer is more sensitive to the change of order quantity compared with the cost coefficient of carbon emission reduction. When the cost of carbon emission reduction technology is too high, manufacturers may not have much incentive to carry out technological research and development and innovation, resulting in failure to achieve system optimization. (4) This study designed a revenue‐cost‐sharing contract coordination mechanism; that is, the retailer will provide part of the revenue to the manufacturer, and the manufacturer will provide recovery compensation to the recycler.
Drug Release Effect on Large-Clearance TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Decorated with P25 Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Tao , Liu Nannan , Zhang Yiyuan , Xiao Xiufeng
Published: July 2021

Large-clearance TiO2 nanotube arrays (LTAs) were synthesized by anodization, and evenly distributed P25 nanoparticles (P25 NPs) decorated on this were prepared by the hydrothermal treatment. The effect of P25 concentrations on the morphology of LATs was studied. LTAs decorated with P25 NPs (LTAs-P25) were loaded with ibuprofen (IBU), and the release properties were investigated. Interestingly, P25 NPs were successfully decorated on the surface of LTAs, with an optimal concentration of

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10

−
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 M. The total amount of drug released from LTAs increased by 49.5% compared to that from TiO2 nanotube arrays without large clearance. LTAs-P25 provided a lower burst and longer release time.
Problems and Countermeasures Existing in E-Commerce Enterprise Network Marketing under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Xia Lei , Lv Xinyu
Published: July 2021

With the analysis of mobile clients and artificial intelligence technology, e-commerce is growing faster and faster. In today’s daily life, the e-commerce model has even been integrated into human life and has become an indispensable part. In the past few years, in the face of such a large business opportunity, e-commerce companies have sprung up in the capital market. Along with the rise of e-commerce, there have been many problems that have never arisen. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the status of development of e-commerce and its enterprise. This paper focuses on combing the current marketing overview and problems of e-commerce companies and proposes positive countermeasures and some practical solutions. Using the specific analysis method of the specific problem, the data comparison is made to draw conclusions. The results show that national policies focus on the rise of small and microenterprises, from the perspective of current business development, and developing e-commerce is conducive to enterprises to expand business breadth, expand the market scope of enterprises, develop business needs and brand products of enterprise by using Internet technology, and can break the constraints of time and space effectively. Strengthened communication and communication between enterprises and customers reduced the costs of enterprise, saved time, and improved utilization rate of resource. Therefore, solving the marketing problems which is most urgent at present is the primary goal of developing e-commerce companies.
The Heterogeneity of Infiltrating Macrophages in Metastatic Osteosarcoma and Its Correlation with Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Zhanchao , Wu Huiqiao , Chen Yu , Chen Huajiang , Yuan Wen , Wang Xinwei
Published: July 2021

Background. Metastatic osteosarcoma is a common and fatal bone tumor. Several studies have found that tumor-infiltrating immune cells play pivotal roles in the progression of metastatic osteosarcoma. However, the heterogeneity of infiltrating immune cells across metastatic and primary osteosarcoma remains unclear. Methods. Immune infiltration analysis was carried out via the “ESTIMATE” and “xCell” algorithms in primary and metastatic osteosarcoma. Then, we evaluated the prognostic value of infiltrating immune cells in 85 osteosarcomas through the Kaplan–Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Infiltrations of macrophage M1 and M2 were evaluated in metastatic osteosarcoma, as well as their correlation with immune checkpoints. Macrophage-related prognostic genes were identified through Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA), Lasso analysis, and Random Forest algorithm. Finally, a macrophage-related risk model had been constructed and validated. Results. Macrophages, especially the macrophage M1, sparingly infiltrated in metastatic compared with the primary osteosarcoma and predicted the worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Macrophage M1 was positively correlated with immune checkpoints PDCD1, CD274 (PD-L1), PDCD1LG2, CTLA4, and TIGIT. In addition, four macrophage-related prognostic genes (IL10, VAV1, CD14, and CCL2) had been identified, and the macrophage-related risk model had been validated to be reliable for evaluating prognosis in osteosarcoma. Simultaneously, the risk score showed a strong correlation with several immune checkpoints. Conclusion. Macrophages potentially contribute to the regulation of osteosarcoma metastasis. It can be used as a candidate marker for metastatic osteosarcoma’ prognosis and immune checkpoints blockades (ICBs) therapy. We constructed a macrophage-related risk model through machine-learning, which might help us evaluate patients’ prognosis and response to ICBs therapy.
A Lightweight and Secure Anonymous User Authentication Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks
Authors: Zhang Junsong , Zhang Qikun , Li Zhigang , Lu Xianling , Gan Yong
Published: July 2021

The recent development of wireless body area network (WBAN) technology plays a significant role in the modern healthcare system for patient health monitoring. However, owing to the open nature of the wireless channel and the sensitivity of the transmitted messages, the data security and privacy threats in WBAN have been widely discussed and must be solved. In recent years, many authentication protocols had been proposed to provide security and privacy protection in WBANs. However, many of these schemes are not computationally efficient in the authentication process. Inspired by these studies, a lightweight and secure anonymous authentication protocol is presented to provide data security and privacy for WBANs. The proposed scheme adopts a random value and hash function to provide user anonymity. Besides, the proposed protocol can provide user authentication without a trusted third party, which makes the proposed scheme have no computational bottleneck in terms of architecture. Finally, the security and performance analyses demonstrate that the proposed scheme can meet security requirements with low computational and communication costs.
[Retracted] A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of the SuperPATH Approach in Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Ge Yanzhi , Chen Zuxiang , Chen Qisong , Fu Yanbin , Fan Mengqiang , Li Ting , Shan Letian , Tong Peijian , Zhou Li
Published: July 2021

Objective. To compare the clinical and radiographic results of the supercapsular percutaneously assisted total hip (SuperPATH) approach and the conventional approach in hip arthroplasty. Design. Based on a prepublished protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42020177717), we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for relevant literatures up to January 30, 2021. The methodological qualities were assessed using the guidelines provided by the Cochrane Collaboration for Systematic Reviews. Randomized‐ or fixed‐effect models were used to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD) or odds ratio (OR), respectively, for continuous and dichotomous variables. Results. 6 articles were included in the study, and 526 patients were selected, which included 233 cases in the SuperPATH groups and 279 cases in the conventional groups, and 4 cases performed two surgeries in succession. The SuperPATH group demonstrated shorter incision length (WMD = −7.87, 95% CI (−10.05, −5.69), P < 0.00001), decreased blood transfusion rate (OR = 0.48, 95% CI (0.25, 0.89), P = 0.02), decreased visual analogue scale (VAS) (WMD = −0.40, 95% CI (−0.72, −0.08), P = 0.02), and higher Harris hip score (HHS) (WMD = 1.98, 95% CI (0.18, 3.77), P = 0.03) than the conventional group. However, there was no difference in VAS (P = 0.14) and HHS (P = 0.86) between the two groups 3 months later, nor in the acetabular abduction angle (P = 0.32) in either group. Conclusions. SuperPATH, as a minimally invasive approach with its reduced tissue damage, quick postoperative recovery, and early rehabilitation, demonstrates the short‐term advantages of hip arthroplasty. As the evidences in favor of the SuperPATH technique were limited in a small number of studies and short duration of follow‐up, more research is required to further analyze its long‐term effect.
Imbalance of Chemokines and Cytokines in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment of Children with B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Magalhães-Gama Fábio , Kerr Marlon Wendell Athaydes , de Araújo Nilberto Dias , Ibiapina Hiochelson Najibe Santos , Neves Juliana Costa Ferreira , Hanna Fabíola Silva Alves , Xabregas Lilyane de Amorim , Carvalho Maria Perpétuo Socorro Sampaio , Alves Eliana Brasil , Tarragô Andréa Monteiro , Martins-Filho Olindo Assis , Teixeira-Carvalho Andréa , Malheiro Adriana , da Costa Allyson Guimarães
Published: July 2021

In the hematopoietic microenvironment, leukemic cells secrete factors that imbalanced chemokine and cytokine production. However, the network of soluble immunological molecules in the bone marrow microenvironment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains underexplored. Herein, we evaluated the levels of the immunological molecules (CXCL8, CCL2, CXCL9, CCL5, CXCL10, IL-6, TNF, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-2) in the bone marrow plasma of 47 recently diagnosed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients during induction therapy using cytometric beads arrays. The results demonstrated that B-ALL patients showed high levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-6, and IL-10 at the time of diagnosis, while at the end of induction therapy, a decrease in the levels of these immunological molecules and an increase in CCL5, IFN-γ, and IL-17A levels were observed. These findings indicate that B-ALL patients have an imbalance in chemokines and cytokines in the bone marrow microenvironment that contributes to suppressing the immune response. This immune imbalance may be associated with the presence of leukemic cells since, at the end of the induction therapy, with the elimination and reduction to residual cells, the proinflammatory profile is reestablished, characterized by an increase in the cytokines of the Th1 and Th17 profiles.
A Thermoelastic Piezoelectric Fixed Rod Exposed to an Axial Moving Heat Source via a Dual‐Phase‐Lag Model
Authors: Ragab Mahmoud , Abo-Dahab S. M. , Abouelregal Ahmed E. , Kilany A. A.
Published: July 2021

Piezoelectric ceramics are used more in the active control of noise and vibration with sensors and actuators. As a result, a one‐dimensional homogeneous thermoelastic fixed piezoelectric rod subjected to a moving heat flow has been considered. The heating rod is affected by three fields, namely, thermal, mechanical, and electric potential. In order to design a reliable smart structure, this study is necessary and the thermopiezoelectric behavior of piezoelectric ceramics must be understood clearly. The Laplace transform method is applied to acquire the distributions of stress, deformation, and temperature fields. The effect of heat source velocity and phase lag parameters on the considered physical fields is displayed graphically, and the results are compared with other models of thermoelasticity. The present findings could find possible applications for designing receiving portions of transformers of Rosen type for voltage magnification.
Filtration of Active Components with Antioxidant Activity Based on the Differing Antioxidant Abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus through UPLC/MS Coupling with Network Pharmacology
Authors: Xin Yang , Yang Yang , Yu Kaichen , Wang Haijun
Published: July 2021

This study attempted to filter active components with antioxidant activities based on the differing antioxidant abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (SSF) and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (SCF). First, the antioxidant activity of SSF and SCF was evaluated through the DPPH free radical scavenging method and compared with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value. Next, components of SSF and SCF were detected by employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QEO/MS) technology, and differential compounds were screened out as potential antioxidant compounds by using Compound Discover 3.1 Software. After that step, in order to verify the antioxidant compounds, the network method was applied. Biological targets were searched in the GeneCards database, and that related to antioxidant ability were selected in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Finally, the pharmacology network was constructed. Results showed that SSF and SCF possessed different compounds and antioxidant abilities. A total of 14 differential compounds such as γ-schizandrin, schisandrin B, schisandrin, and tigloylgomisin H between them were screened out and identified. Twenty targets associated with antioxidant activity contained MAP2K1, MAPK8, RPS6KB1, PRKCB, HIF1A, and so on were investigated. Thirty-six pathways contained HIF-1 signaling pathways, choline metabolism in cancer, serotonergic synapse, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, and so on related to the above twenty targets were identified. The pharmacology network analysis indicated that the differential components may be helpful in treating various diseases, especially cancer, by exerting antioxidant activity. In conclusion, this study provided a novel method for identifying active components with antioxidant activity in SSF and SCF, and this method may be applicable for the filtration of bioactive components in other herbs.
Buckling Behavior and Effective Width Design Method for Thin Plates with Holes under Stress Gradient
Authors: Guo Yanli , Yao Xingyou
Published: July 2021

This paper aims at investigating the elastic buckling behavior and the effective width method (EWM) to predict the ultimate strength of the simply supported rectangular plates under gradient stress (SSRPSG) with circular or rectangular holes. The analytical models of SSRPSG with circular or rectangular holes were established by using the finite-element (FE) software ABAQUS. The FE parametric study covered the aspect ratio, slenderness ratio, and stress gradients of plate and the dimension and spacing of holes. The FE analysis included eigenvalue buckling analysis and ultimate strength analysis. The eigenvalue results show that the buckling coefficient of the perforated plate gradually decreases, and subsequently, it gradually increases with the increase of the dimension of the hole. The buckling mode changes from the buckling including hole to the buckling of plate strip adjacent to hole at the section of the hole. The increasing stress gradient causes an increasing effect on buckling coefficient. The buckling coefficients are less affected by the aspect ratio and the slenderness ratio of the perforated plate and the spacing of hole when the hole spacing meets a certain limitation. The buckling coefficient equations of the SSRPSG with circular or rectangular holes were developed according to results obtained by FE analysis. Finally, the effective width design method was developed based on FE results and developed buckling coefficient equations. The comparisons on ultimate strength between FE results and the predicted results for SSRPSG with circular and rectangular holes and between the predicted results and test results for perforated columns and beams indicate that the proposed effective width design method is accurate, which can be used to predict the ultimate strength of SSRPSG with circular or rectangular holes.
Wastewater Purification from Permanganate Ions by Sorption on the Ocimum basilicum Leaves Powder Modified by Zinc Chloride
Authors: Alamrani Nasser A. , Al-Aoh Hatem A. , Aljohani Meshari M. H. , Bani-Atta Suhair A. , Sobhi M. , Syed Khalid Mustafa , Darwish A. A. A. , Keshk Ali A. , Abdelfattah Mona A. A.
Published: July 2021

The powder of Ocimum Basilicum leaves was treated by zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and applied as a new and low-cost sorbent for extraction of permanganate anions (MnO4−) from liquid phase. The functional groups of the ring stretching vibration, –NH2 deformation, stretching of C-O, stretching of CH, and stretching of –NH were found in the sorbent of zinc chloride Ocimum basilicum leaves powder (ZCOBLP) at 1516.21, 1629.33, 1047.00, 2929.88, and 3294.93 cm−1, respectively. This adsorbent has 8.3 pHZPC, 117.27 m2·g−1 surface area, 0.00711 cc·g−1 pore volume and average pore diameter of 264.144 Å. The outcomes of sorption experiments designate the positive impact for temperature, time of agitation, and started concentration of MnO4− and negative impact for pH. The optimal conditions were 1300 mg·L−1 as started adsorbate concentration, 55°C as solution temperature, agitation time of 420 min, and pH of 1.5. The outcomes of the equilibrium and dynamic approve that this sorption is spontaneous and heat-absorbing process, and the obtained data were described well by isotherm model of Langmuir and 2nd-order dynamic model. The capacities of this sorption were 588.235, 625.000, 666.667, and 714.286 mg·g−1 at 25, 35, 45, and 55 (°C), respectively. The superior sorption capacities of the uncostly ZCOBLP will make it successfully used for MnO4− ions extraction from liquid phases.
Experimental Study and Direct Strength Method for Cold-Formed Steel Built-Up I-Sectional Columns under Axial Compression
Authors: Yao Xingyou
Published: July 2021

The objective of this paper is to investigate the buckling behavior and design method of the ultimate strength for the cold-formed steel (CFS) built-up I-sectional columns under axial compression which failed in distortional buckling and interactive buckling. A total of 56 CFS built-up I-sectional columns subjected to axial compression were tested, and the different buckling modes and ultimate strengths were analyzed in detail by varying the thickness, the length, the spacing of screws, the end fastener group, and the cross-sectional dimensions of CFS built-up I-sectional columns. It was shown in the test that noticeable interaction of local and distortional buckling or interaction of local, distortional, and global buckling was observed for the built-up I-sectional columns with different lengths and cross-sectional dimensions. A finite element model (FEM) was developed and validated with experimental results. A further parametric study has been conducted including different cross sections and slenderness ratios for the built-up I-sectional columns. The load-carrying capacities obtained from the experimental and numerical study were used to investigate the feasibility of the current direct strength method (DSM) when DSM was applied to CFS built-up I-sectional columns. The comparison results showed that the current DSM is not safe for CFS built-up columns failed in distortional buckling and interactive buckling. Therefore, the improved design formulas were proposed, and their accuracy was verified by using finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental results of CFS built-up I-sectional columns subjected to axial compression.
Case Study on the Mechanism of Influence of Stoppage on Ground Pressure under Different Rates of Advance
Authors: Gao Xiaoxu , Shi Xinyu , Guo Weibin
Published: July 2021

Because of daily maintenance, equipment damage, gas overrun, and other force majeure factors, the continuous stopping of the working face causes the roof pressure to accumulate, which leads to causing accidents such as coal wall spalling and roof falling. To address the roof safety problem caused by continuous stoppages, the 620 working face in the Huangling mining area is taken as the research object. Through field measurement, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and other research methods, the influence and mechanism of stopping pressure under different rates of advance are studied. The results show that the velocity factor of roof load transfer is positively correlated with the advancing velocity of the working face; the reasonable length of the suspended roof is mainly affected by the number of caving holes and the effect of pressure relief; and comparing the two stages of advance speed of 4.8 m/d and 12.8 m/d, the periodic weighting step distance of the latter increases by 24.4% compared with the former, and the rate of increase of support load caused by stopping mining increases by 42.1% compared with the former. The roof pressure accumulation caused by stopping mining is increased. Taking appropriate measures for local forced caving of the working face can release the roof pressure and reduce the risk of local caving of the working face. The study can provide a theoretical basis for roof control of continuous stopping under similar engineering conditions.
Comparison of Geographical Traceability of Wild and Cultivated Macrohyporia cocos with Different Data Fusion Approaches
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Qinqin , Wang Yuanzhong , Wang Yunmei
Published: July 2021

Poria originated from the dried sclerotium of Macrohyporia cocos is an edible traditional Chinese medicine with high economic value. Due to the significant difference in quality between wild and cultivated M. cocos, this study aimed to trace the origin of the fungus from the perspectives of wild and cultivation. In addition, there were quite limited studies about data fusion, a potential strategy, employed and discussed in the geographical traceability of M. cocos. Therefore, we traced the origin of M. cocos from the perspectives of wild and cultivation using multiple data fusion approaches. Supervised pattern recognition techniques, like partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and random forest, were employed in this study using. Five types of data fusion involving low-, mid-, and high-level data fusion strategies were performed. Two feature extraction approaches including the selecting variables by a random forest-based method—Boruta algorithm and producing principal components by the dimension reduction technique of principal component analysis—were considered in data fusion. The results indicate the following: (1) The difference between wild and cultivated samples did exist in terms of the content analysis of vital chemical components and fingerprint analysis. (2) Wild samples need data fusion to realize the origin traceability, and the accuracy of the validation set was 95.24%. (3) Boruta outperformed principal component analysis (PCA) in feature extraction. (4) The mid-level Boruta PLS-DA model took full advantage of information synergy and showed the best performance. This study proved that both geographical traceability and optimal identification methods of cultivated and wild samples were different, and data fusion was a potential technique in the geographical identification.
The Role of TGF-β Signaling Pathways in Cancer and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target
Authors: Yang Yun , Ye Wen-Long , Zhang Ruo-Nan , He Xiao-Shun , Wang Jing-Ru , Liu Yu-Xuan , Wang Yi , Yang Xue-Mei , Zhang Yu-Juan , Gan Wen-Juan
Published: July 2021

The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway mediates various biological functions, and its dysregulation is closely related to the occurrence of malignant tumors. However, the role of TGF-β signaling in tumorigenesis and development is complex and contradictory. On the one hand, TGF-β signaling can exert antitumor effects by inhibiting proliferation or inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. On the other hand, TGF-β signaling may mediate oncogene effects by promoting metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune escape. This review summarizes the recent findings on molecular mechanisms of TGF-β signaling. Specifically, this review evaluates TGF-β′s therapeutic potential as a target by the following perspectives: ligands, receptors, and downstream signaling. We hope this review can trigger new ideas to improve the current clinical strategies to treat tumors related to the TGF-β signaling pathway.
Identification of Salty Dietary Patterns of the Japanese Macroregion
Authors: Yokoya Masana , Fukuhara Miyuki , Haga Emiko , Shimamura Yuka , Terada Aki
Published: July 2021

Objective. The traditional Japanese dietary pattern, “Washoku,” is considered to provide an ideal nutritional balance. However, it tends to have a high salt intake. To reduce population-level salt intake, it is important to review the overall dietary patterns over a wide area. Methods. To identify dietary patterns with high salt intake, partial least squares regression analysis was conducted using population-based household survey data from 52 cities. Annual salt consumption was set as the target variable, and the annual purchase weight of 109 foods was set as the explanatory variable. Result. At least three dietary patterns (traditional, urban, and local) accounted for more than 90% of the variation in salt consumption and 29% of the explanatory variables (food purchases). Traditional patterns explained the salt consumption and regional differences in energy and protein consumption; however, their relationship to fat consumption was weak. The results reconfirmed that “Washoku” has an ideal nutritional balance but has high salt intake. The distribution of scores for traditional Japanese food patterns was high in northeast Japan and low in southwest Japan, with a geographical gradient. This pattern is thought to have formed over a long period of time because of the influence of environmental factors, such as local climate.
New Diagnosis and Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy for Photovoltaic System
Authors: Abouobaida Hassan , Abouelmahjoub Younes
Published: July 2021

This paper discusses open-circuit fault (OCF) diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategy (FTCS) of a nonisolated DC-DC converter. The photovoltaic power conversion structure (PPCS) consists of a photovoltaic generator and an interleaved Boost converter (IBC). The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of the IBC ensures operation at maximum power. The design of the nonlinear Backstepping control is detailed based on the equivalent average model of IBC, and the stability is studied using Lyapunov’s theorem. The proposed OCF fault detection is based on sampling the voltage across the inductor at a much higher frequency than the switching frequency. In an OCF situation occurrence and a high control signal state, the detection of three negative samples is a condition for signaling the presence of an OCF fault; the photovoltaic system continues its normal operation. The simulation results show the validity of the proposed FTCS. The proposed diagnosis and control strategy improves the performance of the IBC in terms of cost, reliability, and service continuity.
Application of the Newmark Analysis Method in Stability Evaluation of Submarine Slope
Authors: Chu Hongxian , Feng Yongcai , Shi Huijie , Hao Liancheng , Gao Yiqi , Chen Yuhai
Published: July 2021

The Newmark seismic time‐history analysis method can take into account the effects of natural seismic peak ground acceleration (PGA), duration, and seismic frequency; seismic wave can be input into the method for simulation. This study calculates the dynamic response of the typical seabed slope of Caofeidian in the event of a similar Tangshan earthquake, and the displacement value can be used to quantitatively reflect the influence of the earthquake on the slope of the site. The allowable displacement value of the top of buildings or submarine slope can be used as a marker of security and stability analysis, which can further provide important reference for similar slope stability evaluation and offshore engineering construction.