bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ КОНКУРЕНТНИМИ ПЕРЕВАГАМИ НА ОСНОВІ ЗБАЛАНСОВАНОСТІ ГРОШОВИХ ПОТОКІВ
Authors: Гусева О. , Легомінова С. , Дименко Р. , Воскобоєва О. , Ромащенко О.
Published: December 2021

Анотація. Урахування загальносвітових тенденцій розвитку, інтеграційних і глоба­лізаційних процесів спонукають до пошуку та подальших розробок новітніх продуктів, послуг та управлінських механізмів.
Розроблено економіко-математичну модель оптимізації параметрів типу NBIC-спрямування конкурентних переваг. Модель сформовано за критерієм максимізації чистого дисконтованого грошового потоку. На основі розробленого науково-методичного підходу запропоновано чотири типи NBIC-спрямування конкурентних переваг телекомунікаційних підприємств, які базуються на комбінації рівнів інноваційної активності підприємства (від низького до високого) та комплементарності управління грошовими потоками (від низького до високого). У результаті запропоновано типи NBIC-спрямування конкурентних переваг підприємства: адаптивно-пасивний, адаптивно-активний, об’єктно-цілеспрямований; форсайт-прогресивний. Комплементарне управління грошовими потоками передбачає збалансований розподіл грошових потоків за визначеними NBIC-компонентами, а саме: Nano-компоненти (застосування Nano-розробок для забезпечення надшвидкісних телекомунікацій), Bio-компоненти (запровадження штучного інтелекту в організаційну культуру, втілення принципів самоорганізації на підприємстві), Info-компоненти (упровадження інноваційних стандартів телекомунікаційної діяльності, інформаційного програмного забезпечення і управління бізнес-процесами), Cogno-компоненти (когнітивна гнучкість менеджерів вищої та середньої ланок, здатність персоналу до комплементарності, розвиток системи управління знаннями на підприємстві, запровадження системи безперервного навчання працівників усіх ланок). Таким чином, поєднане застосування цих компонент забезпечує збільшення обсягу грошових потоків і формує сучасну платформу проривного конкурентного розвитку підприємств.
Ключові слова: управління, конкурентні переваги, грошовий потік, інноваційна активність, комплементарність.
Формул: 14; рис.: 3; табл.: 2; бібл.: 15.
FINANCIAL SUPPORT AND FORECASTING OF FOOD PRODUCTION USING ECONOMIC DESCRIPTION MODELING METHODS
Authors: Rumyk І. , Laptev S. , Seheda S. , Akimova L. , Akimov O. , Karpa M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The article considers the financial programs used by the state to support food production based on the use of methods of economic descriptive modeling. It is established that the interpretation of the essence and strategy of financing in practice has quite different approaches. It has been proven that the formation of an effective system of financing food production involves the relationship and effective redistribution between different sources of financial resources. It is substantiated that agriculture has all the prerequisites for productivity growth provided that investment in the Ukrainian agricultural sector increases and effective budget financing. In this regard, the features of food production based on the use of descriptive modeling capabilities using the software package Statgraphics XVII Centurion. Because of the analysis, it is established that the main parametric criterion, which depends on the level of food production in the country as a whole and individual regions, determines the indicator of agricultural production, quantitative parameters of which are taken as a basis for calculating self-sufficiency, import coverage, calories, consumption, profitability and others. Estimation of this indicator by means of modeling allowed to make the forecast of dynamics of change of its volumes for the next twelve time periods for the purpose of preliminary definition of level of food production. For this purpose, the economic and mathematical tools of estimation of forecast dynamics of change of volumes of agricultural production for the future periods are used. Modeling of the indicator of agricultural production per person per year was carried out by research on the normality of distribution using Kolmogorov —Smirnov, Anderson — Darling compliance tests and a modified Kolmogorov — Smirnov test. According to the results of comparative analysis of seventeen different models and five compliance tests, it was found that most of the statistical tests are quadratic model, based on which the projected volumes of agricultural production per person per year and calculated for each forecast year (period) with a reliability of 95% lower and upper limits of the studied indicator. It is established that by 2030 in Ukraine with a high probability the growth trend of agricultural production will continue, and at a high rate. The article outlines the benefits of using economic modeling methods in the study of a particular problem. Keywords: financial programs, financial support, food production, forecasting methods, economic modeling, national economy. JEL Classification B41, C33, C53, G32, E62 Formulas: 0; fig.: 6; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 42.
Tecnologias Digitais aplicadas ao Patrimônio Cultural e ao Turismo
Authors: Soster Sandra Schmitt , Borges Ariane Magda , Gonçalves Pedro Henrique
Published: December 2021

As Tecnologias Digitais permitem a ampla circulação da informação e a alteração do modelo de ensino/aprendizagem vigente desde a Idade Média, especialmente porque os ambientes virtuais estão cada vez mais realísticos e interativos. Contudo, essas tecnologias ainda são pouco utilizadas na área do patrimônio cultural, em especial para promoção e realização de visitação turística junto a instituições e sítios históricos. Nesse contexto, este artigo procura desmistificar a complexidade de algumas tecnologias para incentivar seu uso entre gestores turísticos e patrimoniais. São apresentados projetos realizados pelos autores e estudos de caso, que abrangem desde a disponibilização de informações georreferenciadas em websites, até tecnologias tidas como mais complicadas, como fotogrametria, realidade aumentada e gamificação.
Editorial - Patrimônio e presente: o "discurso autorizado" e os diversos sentidos do patrimônio cultural
Authors: Leal Claudia Feierabend Baeta , Sanchez Edney
Published: December 2021

Apresentação dos objetivos e textos publicados no dossiê.
The oldest odonyms of Lviv
Authors: Vira Orysya
Published: December 2021

Street names were not often the subject of thorough research. The authors mostly record the first mention of a street in the sources but never notice the process (in some cases quite long) of the name formation. This research focuses on the names that were used for a short time or disappeared together with the object around which they signified the space. The sources of this work were the four oldest city books of Lviv: the book of the council and the bench court, two books of income and expenditure, and the book of a bench, covering the period 1382–1448, although with certain intervals. Such sources are heterogeneous, but they record the names in different areas of use, which statistically only emphasizes the constant use of such names. The goals of this study are to collect all the oldest odonyms of Lviv from preserved sources and publish their translation into Ukrainian; to present the chains of their formation; and to analyze the names of streets that no longer exist. The methodological framework of the research is based on the ontological approach to space, which means the study of relations, connections, and interactions between the actual names and denotatum-objects, i.e. the terrain that describes the name. Also we used the genetic method, which consists in the sequential disclosure of the origin and development of a historical phenomenon and aims to study the dynamics of the object’s evolution through time. After compiling the database, the sufficient availability of factual material allowed to use a typological method through which, based on common features, it was possible to distinguish two types of street names: proper names and descriptive names. The first type includes established names that have the denotatum “street”. The second includes the names without denotatum; they often have a preposition (however, they invariably perform an informative function). In the list where the found odonyms are sorted according to the chronology of use, we can trace their stages of formation. Some of the names are conditionally localized. The summary asserts that almost all found odonyms in the city centre were formed by the middle of the 15th century and were almost invariably used in the following years. In the suburbs, there are only a few names. Since the suburbs were developed rather slowly until the 16th century, there was practically no need for new odonyms.
LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: Orel H. P.
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the consideration of the components of the legal provision ofhuman rights in the development of social networks. The issue of the legal status of persons –participants of Internet communication is considered. Such rights include: the right to association;the right to freedom of thought and speech; information rights related to the dissemination,transmission, receipt and use of information. Also, this article covers the issue of illegalmanifestations that entail violations of legal rights and interests. For an individual user, this isillegal access to personal data, disclosure of confidential information; defamation; copyrightinfringement; fraud, misuse of bank data, etc. Covers the security of personal data of users ofsocial networks. The main legal act in force today in the field of personal data protection onthe Internet is the Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regardto Automatic Processing of Personal Data. It is determined that social networks strengthen theright to participate in the management of state affairs, including through free elections, providingadditional opportunities for public debate, improving their quality, stimulating democraticprocesses, activity, initiative, awareness and involvement of citizens in issues related to relatedto public administration. It is stated that due to the potential threats arising in connectionwith the functioning of social networks and other institutions of Internet communication, apromising direction is the creation of legal regimes of human rights in terms of regulatingInternet relations to disseminate information while ensuring the balance of interests of allparticipants. and their harmonization with the basics of public order. At the same time, certainproblems, such as reputation protection, protection of intellectual property, should be solvedin line with the already established sectoral regulation, developing it taking into account thespecifics of Internet communication.
THE IMPORTANCE OF RITUALS IN COURT PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Prytchenko R. S.
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on defining the concept and historical roots of ritual. The ritual component of justice is analysed. The characteristics and role of rituals in modern justice are identified.
The contemporary judiciary is becoming more and more isolated, its structure more complex and branched out, each of which serves as a safeguard against the errors of the previous one. However, above the last instance, there is still something that guarantees justice and inspires confidence in the human court. This is reminded by the judicial rituals that continue to accompany the judicial process. Court rituals are not only an accepted way of doing things; they also convey information that contains the answers to many of the questions that people subconsciously ask themselves when they come into contact with the courts in particular situations. The deeper one understands the origins and traditions of the judiciary, the greater is the trust in the court, which is so necessary in the modern conditions of the development of our society, when the very idea of justice and guarantees of judicial protection is proclaimed as one of the main legal values.
Today, some part, perhaps a significant one, of this functional purpose of rituals has been irrevocably lost and one can speak of the end of the era of a society of sacred traditions. Rather, we can talk about the transformation of a number of ritual forms into legal forms by reducing their religious significance, and about the transfer of sacral significance to the values of modern secular civilisation – the independence of judges, free access to justice, etc. Today’s judicial rituals are as necessary for participants in the process as they were a thousand years ago, despite the fact that not many people think of them as such, perceiving them precisely from a legal perspective. The traditions of court rituals should not only be observed as a tribute to the past, but their performance should be conscious and filled with meaning in keeping with today’s demands, for trust in a court that looks and acts beyond the perceptions and expectations of observers is hardly possible.
The court, both in the Middle Ages and today, differs from various pseudo-judicial organizations (such as the emergency courts, which are based on arbitrariness) precisely in judicial rituals – the attributes of a real judicial process. Just as rituals were important in times when the court was trusted by virtue of their observance, so today the court needs rituals when the very idea of justice and guarantees of judicial protection is proclaimed to be one of the most important legal values. The court today more than ever must conform to modern ideals which are hardly more sacred values than the divine justice in the medieval court.
La primavera internacional de Colombia (1821-1864): a propósito de los doscientos años de la Cancillería
Authors: Jaramillo Mutis Diego
Published: December 2021

Este artículo de reflexión revisa el comportamiento internacional de Colombia/Nueva Granada durante buena parte del siglo xix, por medio de su Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. Presenta al Estado naciente como una potencia regional hispanoamericana, en especial durante la primera república de Colombia en la década de 1820. Nueva Granada heredó parte de esta posición internacional después de la separación de Colombia en 1831, pero terminó atrapada en la transición hegemónica entre Gran Bretaña y Estados Unidos. Las fuentes de este artículo son los tratados internacionales y las memorias del canciller al Congreso en este período; además de una bibliografía jurídica tradicional y otra más reciente y cercana a las ciencias sociales.
Etnias y política exterior: la participación raizal en la política exterior colombiana tras el fallo de la haya 2012-2017
Authors: Chacón Herrera Christian
Published: December 2021

Este artículo muestra la forma en que participó la etnia raizal en el período 2012-2017 en la política exterior colombiana, puntualmente en los asuntos vinculados al diferendo limítrofe entre Colombia y Nicaragua tras lo determinado por la Corte Internacional de Justicia. A través de entrevistas y seguimiento de prensa, se rastrea la evolución de la toma de decisiones del gobierno colombiano y se interseca con las acciones raizales descritas por sus protagonistas. Con el acercamiento a estudios de etnias y política exterior, surgen tres categorías de análisis, a saber, la confrontación, la cooptación y la cooperación, por medio de las cuales se aterrizan los hechos dentro del período y se concluye la importancia de estudiar los grupos étnicos y su influencia en la política exterior de los Estados, en este caso particular, en la colombiana.
Movimientos sociales insurreccionales en África occidental: una mirada retrospectiva a la rebelión armada en Costa de Marfil de 2002 a 2011
Authors: Lazare Flan Goualo
Published: December 2021

Se hace un análisis retrospectivo a la rebelión armada acontecida en Costa de Marfil entre 2002 y 2011 como uno de los movimientos sociales insurreccionales más importantes de África occidental de la primera década del siglo xxi. Se parte de que el necolonialismo francés incidió en dicho movimiento social, a través de la cooptación para afianzar su influencia regional, amenazada por las acciones del gobierno de turno en Costa de Marfil. A partir de una perspectiva analítico-sintética, sustentada en puntos críticos que resaltan para la discusión, se concluye que, a pesar de anclar su reivindicación en la crisis identitaria marfileña, el movimiento social en cuestión se desvió de su pretensión de cambio social identitario por el interés por el poder político, por haber sido cooptado para asegurar intereses externos para los cuales, el problema marfileño agudizado, fue mal gestionado y resuelto.
SRPSKI KAO NEMATERNJI JEZIK U REPUBLICI SRBIJI: U TEŽNJI KA ADITIVNOM BILINGVIZMU
Authors: Zvekić-Dušanović Dušanka S. , Redli Jelena R.
Published: December 2021

U Republici Srbiji nastava se, osim na srpskom kao većinskom jeziku, ostvaruje i na osam manjinskih jezika: albanskom, bosanskom, bugarskom, mađarskom, rumunskom, rusinskom, slovačkom i hrvatskom. Učenici koji celokupnu nastavu pohađaju na jednom od ovih jezika tokom osnovne i srednje škole uče i srpski jezik kao nematernji. Učenje većinskog jezika ima za cilj postizanje aditivne dvojezičnosti – funkcionalno ovladavanje srpskim jezikom radi uključivanja u širu društvenu zajednicu uz istovremeno očuvanje i negovanje maternjeg jezika. Ipak, nije zanemarljiv broj učenika koji ne ovladaju ni osnovnim nivoom upotrebe srpskog jezika, uprkos višegodišnjem učenju. Ovo je naročito primetno kod učenika mađarskog i albanskog maternjeg jezika. U radu se prikazuju nastojanja da se ova situacija prevaziđe putem unapređivanja nastave predmeta Srpski kao nematernji jezik.
ИЗАЗОВИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ КРИТИЧКЕ ПЕДАГОГИЈЕ МЕДИЈА
Authors: Рудић Гордана М. , Вучковић Жељко У.
Published: December 2021

Односи између медија и образовања указују на суштину друштва у којем живимо и на вредности на којима је оно засновано. Медији често доминирају нашим слободним временом и у великој мери обликују наше погледе на свет и друштвено понашање. Преобиље медијских садржаја и информација којe нуди интернет доводи до проблема у проналажењу потребних садржаја и валидних информација. У раду су анализирани ови проблеми, као и могућности коришћења огромног информационог и комуникационог потенцијала медија у сврхе учења, образовања и културе. Критичка педагогија медија мора допринети интеграцији медијских компетенција у школски систем и приближавању школе свакодневном животу младих и новим начинима комуникације, учења и друштвености. Аутори закључују да је, упркос свим изазовима, могуће искористити медијску и информациону револуцију у хумане и образовне сврхе, кроз развијање информационе и медијске писмености, разумевања медијског света и одговорног креирања медијских садржаја.
ЈА/ТИ/МИ/ВИ У ДИСКУРСНОЈ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЈИ У СВЕТЛУ КОНТРАСТИВНЕ АНАЛИЗЕ МЕЂУЈЕЗИКА
Authors: Марковић Јелена М. , Станковић Ранка М.
Published: December 2021

У раду најпре истражујемо дискурсне феномене коришћења личних заменица првог и другог лица (једнине и множине) у функцији личног метадискурса и флуктуације степена формалности писаног дискурса на српском као матерњем језику коришћењем корпуса КорССАнг. У светлу контрастивне анализе међујезика, резултати актуелног истраживања упоређени су са досадашњим резултатима истраживања референтног дискурса писаног на енглеском као страном језику код исте групе говорника (корпус ICLE-SE). Поређење јасно показује да су слабости дискурсне компетенције у писању на страном језику уочене у ранијим истраживањима присутне и у писању на српском као матерњем језику. Уопштено говорећи, а на основу резултата истраживања, неопходно је примењивати систематичнији приступ у настави писања не само на енглеском као страном језику, већ и на српском као матерњем језику. Стога је у раду представљен и педагошки оријентисан приступ настави писања заснован на коришћењу аутентичних језичких корпуса (учење засновано на подацима), уз упућивање на конкретне активности у учионици које могу допринети развијању дискурсне компетенције ученика у писању и на матерњем и на страном језику.
Los elementos delimitadores de la discriminación por asociación
Authors: Sánchez-Girón Martínez Beatriz
Published: December 2021

La labor de creación jurisprudencial del TJUE es de vital importancia y tiene presencia en todos los Estados miembros, especialmente en materia de discriminación. A raíz del asunto Coleman apareció la doctrina de la discriminación por asociación, que permitió ampliar el alcance de la discriminación. De esta manera, hoy se reconoce que el principio de igualdad de trato se circunscribe a las personas que poseen unas características concretas protegidas por ley y a otras con las que se relacionan. Sin embargo, continúa siendo un tipo de discriminación jurisprudencial; por eso, es necesario hacer un análisis de la casuística para, finalmente, determinar cuáles son los elementos definitorios de la discriminación por asociación con el fin de clarificarlo y estudiar cómo ha sido y será su aplicación.
Competition and competitive power of enterprises in 2020-2021
Authors: Egorov A.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of the survey about competitiveness held by the REB among the Russian industrial managers, who assessed the level of competitiveness of their production and level of intensity of competition; evaluate the markets where their production is competitive; estimate the factors negatively affecting competitiveness both on the side of enterprises and on the side of economic policy of the state. The article examines the role of the state in increasing competitiveness, as well as the degree of impact of sanctions and coronavirus on competitiveness. The data are presented for entire 22-year period of surveys on competitiveness, but special attention is paid to the trends of 2020-2021.
LINGUISTICS OF COICIDENCES
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Berestnev G.I. , Boyko L.B. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: December 2021

The article maintains the general theoretical position that modern science finds itself on the verge of a new revolutionary quantum paradigm. Such a paradigmatic shift has effected changes in language scholarship too - through expanding its subject area, among other things. The paper shows that new subjects in linguistics include coincidences - pairs of events or phenomena that are close in meaning without being brought about by cause-and-effect relationships. In analytical psychology, the phenomenon is called synchronicity. The aim of the study is to solve the problem of the initial cognitive realization of the idea of coincidence in different linguistic mentalities and thereby to clarify its cognitive foundations. The onomasiological, structural-semantic and comparative analysis of words with the semantics of coincidence in the languages of different families made it possible to identify regular features that recreate a general cognitive portrait of such synchronistic thinking in Russian and, effectively, in Indo-European linguistic consciousness. It is assumed that the totality of such properties constitutes a cognitive universal. It is noteworthy that the revealed features are incompatible from the point of view of classical logic. In particular, they are as follows: “duality”, “singularity”, “causal autonomy and uncontrollability”, “belonging to a different space-time structure”. All this shows that the phenomenon conceptually defined as coincidence is deeply rooted in cognition; it carries an idea of the inner reality lying beyond the scope of human conceptual thinking. The authors sum up the results of the study in Conclusion section of the paper. In particular, it is asserted that the concept of COINCIDENCE proves extremely productive in terms of reconstructing a person’s deep-seated cognitive attitudes. Besides, coincidence is regarded as a most significant phenomenon in physical reality since it is directly related to its foundations and core principles. Finally, the revealed cognitive characteristics of the COINCIDENCE concept allow us to draw cautious conclusions regarding the proximity of the phenomenon of coincidence to the special type of reality defined as quantum reality in physics. Considering coincidences from this point of view provides a unique research perspective.
COGNITIVE COMPARISON MODELS FORMING SEMANTICS OF THE ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH A ZOONYM COMPONENT
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Babina L.V. , Dolgova E.V. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: December 2021

The article deals with comparison as a cognitive mechanism that determines the formation of the semantics of the phraseological units (hereinafter - PU) of the English language that convey knowledge about human being. The authors study the PU that include zoonyms and structurally represent comparative constructions of two types: comparative constructions as ... as and comparisons with the word like . The method of cognitive modeling enabled to reveal the cognitive comparison models used in creating the considered PU. The study allowed us to identify the following cognitive models of comparison: 1) HUMAN BEING AS PHYSICAL QUALITY/PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE AS ANIMAL (either physical/physiological characteristics are compared, or the characteristic is transferred from the physical/physiological to the psychological domain); 2) HUMAN BEING AS PSYCHOLOGICAL QUALITY AS ANIMAL (helps to comprehend information about psychological qualities and human behavior through the prism of ideas about animals); 3) HUMAN BEING LIKE ANIMAL (used when comparing human and animal features); 4) HUMAN BEING ACT LIKE ANIMAL (used when comparing the actions of people and animals). In conclusion the authors state the role of cognitive comparison models in forming the semantics of the PU in the English language, which is definitely important: they help to organize knowledge from different domains for their subsequent comparison.
GENDER ASPECT OF INVECTIVE METAPHORICAL NOMINATIONS OF THE GALICIAN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Merzlikina O.V.
Published: December 2021

The article represents the results of analyzing the gender oppositions in reflection of the Galician metaphoric invective nominations. The subject matter of the analysis is gender invective metaphors: source domains that are focused in the process of gender metaphorization and gender construction as the main aspects of this analysis. The study of metaphorical invective nominations in the gender aspect showed the absence of typical features when choosing a source domain for metaphorical modeling of a human, as well as the specificity of using certain motivational bases. The most demanded source domains for the invective metaphorical modeling of human turned out to be “animals”, followed by the frequency of occurrence are “artifacts”, “human”, “food”, “mythological images” and “naturofacts”. The gender fixation of the metaphorical invective nomination depends on the word-formation and grammatical characteristics of the lexemes, which act as the source’s domains of such nominations. If the names of the source domains (fauna, human, and mythical images) contain semantic components in the lexical meaning that distinguish the gender opposition, then, as a rule, with the metaphorical transfer such opposition is preserved. Such metaphorical invective nomination can be either gender unmarked or gender marked. Metaphoric zoomorphic nominations, the source domains of which do not have gender differentiation, or that name various objects (nautrofacts, artifacts, food) in their original nominative meaning, can be identified either with a human in general or with a man or a woman.
Investigation Into Cervical Spine Biomechanics Following Single, Multilevel and Hybrid Disc Replacement Surgery With Dynamic Cervical Implant and Fusion: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Mumtaz Muzammil , Zafarparandeh Iman , Erbulut Deniz Ufuk
Published: December 2021

Cervical fusion has been a standard procedure for treating the abnormalities associated with the cervical spine. However, the reliability of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has become arguable due to its adverse effects on the biomechanics of adjacent segments. One of the drawbacks associated with ACDF is adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) which has served as the base for the development of dynamic stabilization systems (DSS) and total disc replacement (TDR) devices for cervical spine. However, the hybrid surgical technique has also gained popularity recently but their effect on the biomechanics of cervical spine is not well researched. Thus, the objective of this FE study was to draw the comparison among single, bi-level and hybrid surgery with DCI implant with traditional fusion. Reduction in range of motion (ROM) for all the implanted models was observed for all the motions except extension, compared to intact model. The maximum increase in ROM of 42% was observed at C5-C6 level in Hybrid-DCI model. The maximum increase in adjacent segment’s ROM of 8.7% was observed in multilevel fusion model. The maximum von Mises stress in the implant was highest for the multilevel DCI model. Our study also showed that the shape of DCI implant permits flexion/extension relatively more compared to lateral bending and axial rotation.
Gram-Positive Staphylococcus aureus LTA Promotes Distinct Memory-like Effects in Murine Bone Marrow Neutrophils
Authors: Lajqi Trim , Frommhold David , Braun Maylis , Kranig Simon Alexander , Pöschl Johannes , Hudalla Hannes
Published: December 2021

Neutrophils as innate immune cells primarily act as first responders in acute infection and directly maintain inflammatory responses. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that neutrophils also bear the potential to mediate chronic inflammation by exhibiting memory-like features. We recently showed that priming by serial doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria can trigger opposing memory-like responses (exaggerated inflammation, i.e. trained sensitivity or suppression of inflammation, i.e. tolerance) depending on the LPS-dose. We now asked whether this observation could also hold true for lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from gram-positive S. aureus. We found comparable effects of LTA on neutrophil priming as seen for LPS. Low-dose (1 ng/mL) LTA-priming promoted increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators (i.e., TNF-α, IL-6, ROS), whereas high-dose (10 µg/mL) results in contrary reactions supporting anti-inflammatory responses by increased IL-10 and declined pro-inflammatory capacity. In vitro neutrophil recruitment was similarly regulated by LTA -priming. Investigation of signalling patterns revealed TLR2/MyD88-mediated regulation of NFκB-p65 through intermediate PI3Ks/MAPK. Collectively, our data suggest a previously unknown capacity of neutrophils to be differentially primed by varying doses of LTA, endorsing memory-like features in neutrophils.
Perceptions of School Management on the Relationship between School Nutrition and Development of Non-communicable Diseases in a Rural South African District: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nomatshila Sibusiso C. , Apalata Teke R. , Mabunda Sikhumbuzo A.
Published: December 2021

Globally, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) were responsible for 41 million deaths in 2016, with the majority of these occurring in low and middle-income countries. These diseases were on the rise as a result of unhealthy, low-quality, and unbalanced diets, which resulted in overweight and obesity. The National School Nutrition Programme (NSNP) was created to regulate the foods sold to schoolchildren. To ascertain school management teams' perspectives on the relationship between the NSNP and the development of lifestyle diseases. A phenomenological qualitative study using Focus Group Discussions among 16 purposively selected members of the School Management Teams were conducted in Mt Frere, Eastern Cape in 2016. The narrative data was analyzed using Tesch's eight-phase thematic analysis approach. The data analysis revealed two themes (NSNP and the vendor system) and six sub-themes. The NSNP was viewed as making a significant contribution to children's food security, thereby improving academic output. However, reengineering of the NSNP was need through improved budgeting and inclusion of breakfast in the menu to control NCDs risk factors. The current implementation of the vendor system did not support reduction of NCDs risk factors. Improved implementation of the guide to vendor system is needed.
Germany’s Agricultural Land Footprint and the Impact of Import Pattern Allocation
Authors: Hennenberg Klaus Josef , Gebhardt Swantje , Wimmer Florian , Distelkamp Martin , Lutz Christian , Böttcher Hannes , Schaldach Rüdiger
Published: December 2021

Footprints are powerful indicators for evaluating the impact of the bioeconomy of a country on environmental goods, domestically and abroad. In this study, we apply a hybrid approach combining a Multi-Regional Input-Output model and land use modelling to compute the agricultural land footprint (aLF). Furthermore, we added information on land-use change to the analysis and allocated land conversion to specific commodities. The German case study shows that the aLF abroad is larger by a factor of 2.5 to 3 than the aLF in Germany. In 2005 and 2010, conversion of natural and semi-natural land-cover types abroad allocated to Germany due to import increases was 2.5 times higher than the global average. Import increases to Germany slowed down in 2015 and 2020, reducing land conversion attributed to the German bioeconomy to the global average. The case study shows that the applied land footprint provides clear and meaningful information for policymakers and other stakeholders. The presented methodological approach can be applied to other countries and regions covered in the underlying database EXIOBASE. It can be adapted, also for an assessment of other ecosystem functions, such as water or soil fertility.
New Strategies for Efficient Expression of Heterologous Sugar Transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Knychala Marilia M. , dos Santos Angela A. , Kretzer Leonardo G. , Gelsleichter Fernanda , Leandro Maria José , Fonseca César , Stambuk Boris U.
Published: December 2021

: In our previous work we had developed an hxt-null Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain displaying high xylose reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase and xylulokinase activities that proved to be useful as a chassis strain to study new xylose transporters, as SsXUT1 from Scheffersomyces stipitis. Spathaspora passalidarum and Spathaspora arborariae have in their genomes genes with high sequence similarity (78-80%) to SsXUT1. To characterize these putative transporter genes (SpXUT1 and SaXUT1, respectively) they were expressed in the same chassis strain as SsXUT1. Surprisingly, the cloned genes could not restore the ability to grow in several monosaccharides tested, although the strains expressing the SsXUT1 and SpXUT1 permeases, after growth on maltose, showed the presence of 14C-glucose and 14C-xylose transport activity. An important feature of these permeases is that SsXUT1 lacks lysine residues in its N-terminal domain with high-confidence ubiquitinylation potential, and has only one at the C-terminal domain, while the SpXUT1 transporter had several of such residues at its C-terminal domain. When the SpXUT1 gene was cloned in a truncated version lacking such lysine residues, the permease allowed grow on glucose or xylose, and even promoted xylose fermentation by the hxt-null strain. In another approach, we deleted two arrestins known to be involved in sugar transporter ubiquitinylation and endocytosis (ROD1 and ROG3), but only the rog3Δ strain allowed modest growth on these sugars. Taken together, these results suggest that to allow efficient sugar transporter expression in S. cerevisiae the lysines involved in transporter endocytosis should be removed from the sequence of the permease.
Time-Like Proton Form Factors in Initial State Radiation Process
Authors: Lin Dexu , Dbeyssi Alaa , Maas Frank
Published: December 2021

The measurements of the proton electromagnetic form factors in the time-like region using the initial state radiation technique are reviewed. Recent experimental studies have shown that initial state radiation processes at high luminosity electron-positron colliders can be effectively used to probe the electromagnetic structure of hadrons. The BABAR experiment at the B-factory PEP-II in Stanford and the BESIII experiment at the $\tau$-charm factory BEPC-II in Beijing have measured the time-like form factors of the proton using the initial state radiation process $e^{+}e^{-}\to pbar{p}\gamma$. The two kinematical regions where the photon is emitted from the initial state at small and large polar angles have been investigated. In the first case the photon is in the region not covered by the detector acceptance and is not detected. The Born cross section and the proton effective form factor have been measured over a wide and continuous range of the the momentum transfer squared $q^2$ from threshold up to ~42 (GeV/c)$^2$. The ratio of electric and magnetic form factors of the proton has been also determined. In this report, the theoretical aspect and the experimental studies of the initial state radiation process $e^{+}e^{-}\to p\bar{p}\gamma$ are described. The measurements of the Born cross section and the proton form factors obtained in these analyses near the threshold region and in the relatively large $q^2$ region are examined. The experimental results are compared to the predictions from theory and models. Their impact on our understanding of the nucleon structure is discussed.
Differential Lysotracker Uptake Defines Two Populations of Distal Epithelial Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Wasnick Roxana Maria , Shalashova Irina , Wilhelm Jochen , Khadim Ali , Schmidt Nicolai , Hackstein Holger , Hecker Andreas , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Seeger Werner , Bellusci Saverio , El Agha Elie , Ruppert Clemens , Guenther Andreas
Published: December 2021

Idiopathic lung fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal degenerative lung disease of unknown etiology. Although in its final stages it implicates in a reactive manner all lung cell types, the initial damage involves the alveolar epithelial compartment, in particular the alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s). AEC2s serve dual progenitor and surfactant secreting functions, both of which are deeply impacted in IPF. Thus, we hypothesize that the size of the surfactant processing compartment, as measured by Lysotracker incorporation, allows the identification of different epithelial states in the IPF lung. Flow cytometry analysis of epithelial Lysotracker incorporation delineates two populations (Lysohigh and Lysolow) of AEC2s which behave in a compensatory manner during bleomycin injury and in the donor/IPF lung. Employing flow cytometry and transcriptomic analysis of cells isolated from donor and IPF lungs, we demonstrate that the Lysohigh population expresses all classical AEC2 markers and is drastically diminished in IPF. The Lysolow population, which is increased in proportion in IPF, co-expresses AEC2s and basal cell markers resembling the phenotype of the previously identified intermediate AEC2 population in the IPF lung. In that regard, we provide an in-depth flow-cytometry characterization of Lysotracker uptake, HTII-280, proSP-C, mature SP-B, NGFR, KRT5 and CD24 expression in human lung epithelial cells. Combining functional analysis with extra- and intra- cellular marker expression and transcriptomic analysis, we advance the current understanding of epithelial cell behavior and fate in lung fibrosis.
Optimal Relay Network for Aerial Remote Inspections
Authors: Pinto Luis Ramos , Almeida Luis
Published: December 2021

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in particular multirotors are becoming the {\it de facto} tool for aerial sensing and remote inspection. In large industrial facilities, a UAV can transmit an online video stream to inspect difficult to access structures, such chimneys, deposits and towers. However, the communication range is limited, constraining the UAV operation range. This limitation can be overcome with relaying UAVs placed between the source UAV and the control station, creating a line of communication links. In this work we assume the use of a digital data packet network technology, namely WiFi, and tackle the problem of defining the exact placement for the relaying UAVs that creates an end-to-end channel with maximal delivery of data packets. We consider asymmetric communication links and we show an increase as large as $15$\% in end-to-end packet delivery ratio when compared to an equidistant placement. We also discuss the deployment of such a network and propose a fully distributed method that converges to the global optimal relay positions taking, on average, 1.4 the time taken by a centralized method.
The Comparative Analysis of the DNA Repeat Composition among Cannabis Sativa L., Humulus Lupulus L. And Humulus Japonicus Siebold & Zucc. With Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes
Authors: Bocharkina Julia V. , Alexandrov Oleg S. , Razumova Olga V. , Karlov Gennady I.
Published: December 2021

Heteromorphic sex chromosomes are rarely found in plants. They were observed only in 47 species from phylogenetically distant families, suggesting that the evolution of sex chromosomes was independent in these species. It was shown that DNA repeat sequences are one of the major factors driving sex chromosomes evolution, and an accumulation or elimination of the repetitive DNA elements are closely linked with the formation of differences in the sex chromosomes. The goal of this study was to characterize the transposon composition in male and female plants of Cannabis sativa L., Humulus lupulus L. and Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc. For the first time, the male and female genomes of H. japonicus as well as male genomes of H. lupulus and C. sativa have been sequenced (there were no open data about them). The analysis of genome-wide sequencing data with using Repeatexplorer2 and author’s scripts was carried out. It was shown that accumulation of Ty3-gypsy may be associated with speciation in Cannabaceae family which is the opposite of the theory of speciation throw whole-genome duplication. Moreover, the sex-specific DNA repeat clusters in C. sativa and H. japonicus were found. The analysis also revealed that the concentration of Tekay, Retand and Ikeros repeats in the Y chromosome of C. sativa is lower than in the X chromosome and the Angela concentration is higher in the Y chromosome.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan
Authors: Astiti Ida Ayu Putri , Winarno Joko , Rusdiyana Eksa
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dukungan, faktor – faktor penyebab kurangnya dukungan, dan merumuskan solusi dukungan pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Tandur Tukul dalam upaya peningkatan ketahanan pangan bidang hortikultura dan perikanan di Kelurahan Joyosuran Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon Kota Surakarta. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan lokasi di  Kelompok Tani Tandur Tukul Kelurahan Joyosuran Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon Kota Surakarta. Informan ditentukan dengan teknik sengaja (purposive) dan snowball dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model induktif interaktif Milles dan Huberman serta pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan review informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Tandur Tukul didukung oleh ketua dan anggota kelompok tani, tokoh masyarakat, organisasi SIBAT (Siaga Bencana Berbasis Masyarakat) Kelurahan Joyosuran, Pemerintah Kelurahan Joyosuran, penyuluh pertanian lapangan (PPL), Dinas Pertanian, Ketahanan Pangan dan Perikanan (Dispertan-KPP) Kota Surakarta, dan LPMK Joyosuran dalam bentuk materi dan non materi. Faktor penyebab kurangnya dukungan yaitu terkait rendahnya wawasan budidaya tanaman dan perikanan serta jalinan komunikasi yang belum efektif. Adapun solusi dukungan pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Tandur Tukul yaitu mengadakan studi banding dan penguatan kapasitas kelompok tani beserta sumber daya manusia didalamnya.
Wpływ muzyki Mozarta na stan pacjentów pediatrycznych z padaczką - przegląd piśmiennictwa
Authors:   Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Osowska Klaudia , Makowska Marta ,   Wydział Medyczny, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Gąsior Jakub S. ,   Klinika Kardiologii Wieku Dziecięcego i Pediatrii Ogólnej, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny
Published: December 2021

Wstęp: Muzykoterapia wykorzystuje muzykę i/lub jej elementy w celu poprawy stanu klinicznego pacjentów z różnymi schorzeniami. Wyniki wielu badań wykazują korzystny wpływ muzykoterapii na stan pacjentów neurologicznych, m.in. pacjentów z chorobą Parkinsona, demencją starczą, zaburzeniami snu czy padaczką. Eksperymenty wykazały, że najlepszy wpływ na aktywność mózgu ma muzyka Mozarta. Wpływ muzyki tego kompozytora na różne dolegliwości został nazwany „Efektem Mozarta”. Celem pracy jest ocena wpływu muzyki Mozarta na stan kliniczny pacjentów pediatrycznych z padaczką na podstawie przeglądu piśmiennictwa. Materiał i metody: Przegląd piśmiennictwa przeprowadzono zgodnie z rekomendacjami PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Dokonano przeglądu medycznej bazy danych Pubmed, używając słów/zwrotów kluczowych: dziecko, padaczka, „efekt Mozarta”, muzykoterapia. Wyniki: Od roku 2010 do 2018 zidentyfikowano 97 publikacji spełniających wstępne kryteria włączenia, z których wybrano 7 do szczegółowej analizy. Wnioski: We wszystkich badaniach wykazano zmniejszenie liczby napadów padaczkowych u badanych pacjentów. Autorzy włączonych badań zasugerowali mechanizmy działania muzyki Mozarta obejmujące m.in. zwiększenie poziomu dopaminy w śródmózgowiu oraz wzrost aktywności układu przywspółczulnego. Muzyka Mozarta może stanowić dodatkową, wspomagającą formę terapii u pacjentów pediatrycznych z padaczką.
Prevalence of Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Problems Among Professional Orchestra Musicians in South Africa: A Study Using the Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Musicians (MPIIQM)
Authors: Panebianco Clorinda
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal problems (PRMPs) in professional musicians is well documented in the literature, but few studies have been done on South African professional musicians. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PRMPs,
pain intensity, and pain interference among full-time and part-time orchestral musicians, using a validated self-report instrument specifically designed for musicians. METHODS: Seventy-nine full-time and part-time professional orchestral musicians took part in the study and completed the Musculoskeletal
Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Musicians (MPIIQM). RESULTS: A lifetime prevalence of PRMPs was 76% and point prevalence 30%. Of the PRMP group, 30% experienced current pain that interfered with their ability to play. Upper strings players reported the most PRMPs. The most
commonly reported pain locations were right and left upper limb, neck, forearm, and elbow. The mean pain intensity score for the PRMP group was 16.3 (SD 6.62) (out of 40) and the mean pain interference score was 21.2 (9.98) (out of 50). Female musicians reported experiencing pain more frequently
and intensely and also reported more pain sites than males. CONCLUSIONS: This study, the first to make use of a validated self-report instrument, shows that musculoskeletal problems are common among full-time and part-time professional orchestral musicians in South Africa.