bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Favorabilidade climática para a ferrugem do eucalipto no estado do Paraná
Authors: Bora Karen Christiane , Brito Gabriela Scheinpflug , Auer Celso Garcia , Santos Álvaro Figueredo dos , Wrege Marcos Silveira
Published: March 2016

RESUMO A cultura do eucalipto no estado do Paraná, Brasil, fornece matéria-prima para a produção de celulose, carvão, madeira tratada e madeira serrada. Dentre as principais doenças fúngicas, destaca-se a ferrugem causada por Puccinia psidii. Diversas formas de controle desta doença podem ser apontadas, destacando-se o plantio de clones resistentes em locais com condições climáticas menos favoráveis à ocorrência da doença. A escolha de locais com baixos riscos climáticos pode ser feita por meio do zoneamento. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um zoneamento da favorabilidade climática para a ferrugem do Eucalyptus, no estado do Paraná, com base na temperatura e no período de molhamento foliar para a germinação de urediniósporos e infecção por P. psidii. Estas informações foram utilizadas em modelos para a geração dos mapas mensais de distribuição da doença, conforme a favorabilidade à ocorrência da doença: ‘altamente favorável’, ‘favorável’, ‘pouco favorável’ e ‘desfavorável’. Os mapas gerados foram validados pelo confronto com os pontos de ocorrência natural da ferrugem no estado do Paraná. Concluiu-se que as estações do ano mais favoráveis à ocorrência da doença foram a primavera e o verão e a menos favorável foi o inverno. A região central do estado, na zona de transição entre o clima tropical do Norte e o temperado do Sul, é mais favorável à ocorrência da ferrugem e que, a região Sul e a Norte, são menos favoráveis por razões diferentes, em decorrência das baixas temperaturas e menor umidade, respectivamente.
Patogenicidade de espécies de Botryosphaeriaceae endofíticas de plantas da Caatinga do estado do Ceará em manga e umbu-cajá
Authors: Gonçalves Francisco José Teixeira , Freire Francisco das Chagas Oliveira , Lima Joilson Silva , Melo José Glauber Moreira , Câmara Marcos Paz Saraiva
Published: March 2016

RESUMO Espécies de Botryosphaeriaceae são importantes patógenos em diversas plantas lenhosas e não lenhosas, causando diferentes tipos de sintomas. Espécies desta família são usualmente consideradas patógenos fracos, causando doenças apenas quando estas plantas se encontram sob algum tipo de estresse como seca, temperaturas baixas ou elevadas, deficiência nutricional e danos causados por outros patógenos ou pragas. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre a ocorrência e diversidade de espécies de Botryosphaeriaceae em plantas nativas do bioma Caatinga, localizado no Semiárido, e sobre a presença de fungos endofíticos nessas espécies, e muito menos sobre a sua importância como patógenos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a patogenicidade de 74 isolados representando as espécies Botryosphaeria mamane, Pseudofusicoccum adansoniae, P. stromaticum, o complexo Neofusicoccum parvum/ribis, Lasiodiplodia gonubiensis e L. theobromae, identificados pela primeira vez como endofíticos em plantas típicas do bioma Caatinga. Testes de patogenicidade conduzidos em frutos de mangueira e ramos de plantas adultas de Spondias sp., revelaram que todas as espécies de Botryosphaeriaceae desse estudo foram patogênicas, sendo L. theobromae e o complexo N. parvum/ribis as mais agressivas. Este é o primeiro relato sobre fungos endofiticos em plantas do bioma Caatinga cearense, bem como a confirmação de que estas espécies podem atuar como fonte de inóculo para espécies de frutíferas comerciais da região do Semiárido brasileiro.
Caracterização de Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, produção de fitotoxina e incidência da fusariose no norte de Minas Gerais
Authors: Rocha Fernando da Silva , Ferreira Gustavo Henrique Silva , Silva Tereza Cristina Souza Reis , Amaral Fernanda Letycia , Muniz Maria de Fátima Silva , Pereira Elismara Aparecida
Published: March 2016

RESUMO A podridão das raízes causada por Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis é uma das principais doenças da pimenteira-do-reino no norte de Minas Gerais. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram quantificar a incidência da doença nas principais áreas produtoras do norte do estado de Minas Gerais, identificar o agente causal da fusariose, testar a patogenicidade dos isolados e avaliar a ação de filtrados de F. solani f. sp. piperis sobre folhas destacadas de pimenteira-do-reino e sobre Trichoderma asperellum. Avaliou-se a incidência da fusariose em 1.000 ou 500 plantas de forma arbitrária, em percurso em zigue-zague. A reação de pimenta-do-reino ‘Cingapura’ foi avaliada em relação a dois filtrados fúngicos (FPC1 e FPB2), e o isolado FPB2 foi empregado para avaliar a reação das cultivares Cingapura e Guajarina. Outro experimento foi realizado para estudar a influência das diluições do filtrado FPB2 em folhas da cultivar Cingapura. Para avaliar o efeito de toxinas dos filtrados sobre o Índice de Velocidade de Crescimento Micelial (IVCM) de T. asperellum foi implantado um ensaio com diferentes concentrações e dois filtrados. A incidência da doença nas áreas amostradas foi de 31,5 e 100% nos municípios de Bocaiúva e Montes Claros, respectivamente. De acordo com os resultados do teste de compatibilidade sexual foi possível identificar os isolados como F. solani f. sp. piperis. Nove isolados foram patogênicos quando inoculados em mudas de pimenta-do-reino com quatro meses de desenvolvimento. O filtrado FPB2 produziu maior severidade de infecção (média de 93,6% de área foliar necrosada), comparado ao isolado FPC1 (5,8%). A cultivar Cingapura foi mais sensível à ação do filtrado. A diluição do filtrado FPB2 proporcionou redução na porcentagem de área foliar lesionada. Observou-se, ainda, que o aumento das concentrações do filtrado do isolado FPC1 proporcionou o aumento do IVCM de T. asperellum, enquanto o filtrado de FPB2 gerou uma reação contrária, reduzindo o IVCM desse fungo antagonista.
Representações religiosas na experiência com a enfermidade: um estudo de caso
Authors: Separavich Marco Antonio Alves , Canesqui Ana Maria
Published: March 2016

Este artigo, subproduto de uma pesquisa mais ampla, aborda um estudo de caso de um adoecido de hipertensão e de problemas cardíacos que professa a religião das Testemunhas de Jeová. Mediante entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado reconstituíram-se os relatos do entrevistado sobre a experiência com o adoecimento: diagnóstico, tratamentos e cura, enfocando as representações sociais religiosas que o permeiam, fornecendo sentido à própria vida e aos sofrimentos e às perturbações físicas e morais implicadas neste processo.
Gestão do cuidado integral: estudo de caso em região de saúde da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Santos Adriano Maia dos , Giovanella Ligia
Published: March 2016

Analisou-se a conformação da gestão do cuidado integral nos níveis político-institucional, organizacional e nas práticas, identificando os desafios para constituição de cuidados coordenados entre municípios e os dispositivos para integração e regulação assistencial. Trata-se de estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa, na região de saúde de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil, que abrange 19 municípios. As fontes de informação foram entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores, grupos focais com gestores, profissionais e usuários, documentos institucionais e observações. Os resultados indicaram haver insuficiência de médicos para as ações e serviços na Estratégia Saúde da Família, bem como nos serviços especializados, limitando o acesso oportuno. Havia fragmentação entre os diferentes pontos e desarticulação comunicacional na rede. Interesses privados e interferências clientelistas criavam circuitos paralelos, transformando o direito à saúde em troca de favores. Tais questões obstruem as possibilidades de coordenação do cuidado na rede intermunicipal.
The potential influence of atherogenic dyslipidemia on the severity of chronic Chagas heart disease
Authors: Peverengo Luz , Rodeles Luz , Vicco Miguel Hernan , Marcipar Iván
Published: March 2016

SUMMARY Introduction: chronic Chagas heart disease (CCHD) is the most common manifestation of American Trypanosomiasis, causing about 50,000 deaths annually. Several factors bear correlation with the severity of CCHD. However, to our knowledge, the assessment on the contribution of major cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), such as hypertension and atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) to CCHD severity is scarce, despite their well-established role in coronary artery disease, heart failure and stroke. Objective: to explore the potential relationship of blood pressure and AD with the clinical profile of patients with CCHD. Methods: we performed a cross-sectional study in T. cruziseropositive patients categorized according to a standard CCHD classification. All individuals were subjected to complete clinical examination. Autoantibodies induced by T. cruzi were assessed by ELISA. Results: we observed that Atherogenic index (AI) levels rose significantly in relation to the severity of the CCHD stage, with CCHD III cases showing the highest values of AI. Furthermore, those patients with globally dilated cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction showed higher levels of AI. In regard to autoantibodies, anti-B13 also showed relation with the severity of the disease. Conclusion: we observed that AI correlated with CCHD stages and contributed, in association with anti-B13 antibodies and age, to the prediction of systolic heart failure.
Seroprevalence of HCV markers among HIV infected patients from Curitiba and metropolitan region
Authors: Tizzot Maria Regina , Grisbach Caroline , Beltrame Marcia Holsbach , Messias-Reason Iara José de Taborda
Published: March 2016

SUMMARY Objective: to determine the prevalence and epidemiological factors associated with hepatitis (HCV) coinfection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients from Curitiba and the metropolitan region. Methods: a study with 303 HIV+ patients, mean age 41.2 years (18-73); 50.5% men, followed at the Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, between April 2008 and March 2009. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained through questionnaires and retrospective analysis of medical records. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results: a total of 12.9% of HIV+ patients were positive for anti-HCV antibodies, 64.1% were men and 35.9% women, with mean age of 44.5 years (24-66). The frequency of HCV among men was 16.7% and among women 9.1% (p=0.06). HCV prevalence was associated to HIV infection when compared to the general population (p<10-6, OR=100.4; 95CI=13.7-734.9). The parenteral route of transmission was the most frequent among coinfected patients (46.1%), and the sexual transmission among HIV+/HCV- (71.8%) (p=0.02, OR=0.2; 95CI=0.1-0.7). The frequency of intravenous drug users was higher among the coinfected patients (61.5%) compared to the non coinfected (12.6%) (p<10-6, OR=11.1; 95CI=4.5-27.7). Conclusion: the prevalence of coinfection with HCV in HIV+ patients is 12.9%, 88 times higher than in the general population in Curitiba. The most frequent route of transmission in the coinfected patients is parenteral, but the sexual route is also representative (34.6%).
Cerebral aneurysms associated with human immunodeficiency virus in adults: literature review and new perspectives
Authors: Pagiola Igor Campostrini , Paiva Aline Lariessy Campos , Aguiar Guilherme Brasileiro de , Oliveira Augusto Cesar Penalva de , Conti Mario Luiz Marques , Gagliardi Rubens José
Published: March 2016

SUMMARY Introduction: the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been decreasing patient morbidity and mortality by opportunistic infections and, thus, survival has increased. This new reality has been changing the spectrum of diseases affecting such patients. Objective: to discuss the association between HIV and the emergence of aneurysmal brain injuries. Method: it was performed a literature review using medical database. The following descriptors were searched: "Intracranial Aneurysms and HIV", "Intracranial Aneurysms and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome," "aneurysm and brain and HIV". Results: after performed a literature review, it was observed that the relationship between HIV infection and the formation of aneurysms appears to be real, however, it still lacks data to confirm the pathophysiology of this condition and its best treatment. Conclusion: there are new signs and symptoms that should be studied and researched relating HIV with other changes not previously known.
Household arrangements of elderly persons in Brazil: analyses based on the national household survey sample (2009)
Authors: Melo Natália Calais Vaz de , Teixeira Karla Maria Damiano , Barbosa Thaís Lopes , Montoya Álvaro José Altamirano , Silveira Mirely Bonin
Published: March 2016

Introduction Increased longevity and, consequently, a rise in the number of elderly persons in Brazil, has an effect on different sectors, especially family living arrangements. Objective To analyze the socioeconomic profile of the family living arrangements of the elderly using PNAD micro-data (2009). Method A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study using PNAD micro-data (2009) was performed. The elderly family living arrangements that constituted households in Brazil were analyzed. Results: The results indicated that the most representative arrangement was a couple who lived with their children and other relatives, followed by single parent units and couples with children. The head of household in most of the arrangements featuring a couple with children and other relatives was a man, while in one-person, single parent and mixed arrangements the head of household was more likely to be a woman. Conclusion Decisions regarding the type of family arrangement are attributed not only to the elderly individual and his or her family, but are the result of historical, sociocultural, political, economic and demographic factors, which may positive or negatively interfere with the quality of life of elderly persons.
A Inserção do Psicanalista em uma Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo
Authors: Coppus Alinne Nogueira Silva , Netto Marcus Vinícius Rezende Fagundes
Published: March 2016

Resumo Levando-se em consideração a necessidade de publicações que aprofundem a possível articulação entre Psicanálise e Psicologia, juntamente com o fato de que cada vez mais o psicólogo/psicanalista é convocado a compor a equipe multidisciplinar de um hospital, este artigo discute e aprofunda as peculiaridades que permeiam a inserção deste profissional neste campo de trabalho. A partir de autores que tem como viés a leitura psicanalítica e do relato da singular experiência clínica em uma Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo (UTI), demarcamos a diferença entre entrada e inserção para que o psicólogo/psicanalista efetivamente tenha um lugar de atuação neste contexto. Além disso, chegamos à conclusão de que a produção de saber, a partir da clínica no hospital, pode possibilitar a criação da demanda de saber e, com isso, a inserção do analista via transferência de trabalho.
Fronteiras Trabalho e Pena: das Casas de Correção às PPPs Prisionais
Authors: Amaral Thaísa Vilela Fonseca , Barros Vanessa Andrade de , Nogueira Maria Luísa Magalhães
Published: March 2016

Resumo As práticas punitivas historicamente têm se apresentando ora como meio de garantir a existência de mão de obra, ora como meio de alocar aqueles que não se adéquam ao “correto” funcionamento social. Loucos, mendigos, pobres, dentre outros, formam um grupo de “ociosos” que, estando à margem da sociedade são apontados como possíveis alvos do confinamento nos muros das instituições totais, com a participação de profissionais do campo psi. Enclausurados, é possível transformá-los em corpos disciplinados e habilitados para o trabalho. Propõe-se neste artigo impulsionar a discussão acerca da relação trabalho e marginalidade interrogando o tipo de trabalho destinado aos fora da ordem e seu uso em contextos de encarceramento e assim criar condições e oferecer elementos para questionar as práticas psi no sistema prisional. Nessa linha enseja-se problematizar o projeto de Parcerias Público-Privadas no complexo penal. Ver-se-á que muito mais do que a improvável combinação de qualidade e eficiência apresentada pelos ideólogos da privatização, o que se observa é a conversão da prisão em um meio de controle lucrativo daqueles que não participam do mercado de consumo e de produção capitalista. Se fora das grades estes estão excluídos do modo de produção ou, ainda, sua produção não é capturável ou interessante ao capital, intramuros, são transformados em matéria-prima para alcançar o objetivo desse projeto de privatização: o lucro.
Formação do Psicólogo para Atuar na Educação: Concepções de Coordenadores de Curso
Authors: Silva Silvia Maria Cintra da , Peretta Anabela Almeida Costa e Santos , Silva Larice Santos , Nasciutti Fabiana Marques Barbosa , Naves Flaviana Franco , Lima Nayara Portilho
Published: March 2016

Resumo Com a implementação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) nos cursos de Psicologia em 2004, os projetos pedagógicos passaram a incorporá-las considerando as diferentes condições e especificidades de cada curso. A pesquisa interinstitucional aqui relatada investigou como está ocorrendo a apropriação das DCN pelos cursos de Psicologia, focalizando a ênfase em processos educativos. Em Minas Gerais, foram pesquisadas cinco Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), sendo três privadas e duas públicas. Abordamos aqui as entrevistas com cinco coordenadores de curso e um ex-coordenador, cuja leitura levou à organização destes eixos de análise: caracterização dos participantes; caracterização do curso de psicologia; diretrizes curriculares nacionais; formação do psicólogo e formação do psicólogo para atuação no campo da educação. Foi constatado que os coordenadores de curso são profissionais que se dividem em múltiplas tarefas e vivenciam inúmeros desafios; são um elemento fundamental para a compreensão e apropriação das DCN no cotidiano dos cursos de Psicologia e importantes mediadores entre este documento, o projeto pedagógico, as atividades docentes e as atividades formativas do psicólogo. A apropriação da função de coordenador é um processo que ocorre no transcorrer do próprio trabalho e, neste sentido, destacamos a necessidade de uma formação continuada que o auxilie a lidar com as diferentes demandas do curso.
INICIAÇÃO À PESQUISA: UM EIXO DE ARTICULAÇÃO NO PROCESSO FORMATIVO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS
Authors: Teixeira Paulo Marcelo Marini
Published: March 2016

O presente artigo analisa o processo de iniciação à pesquisa em educação em ciências que vem sendo desenvolvido no curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da UESB/Jequié/BA. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida entre 2002 e 2003, com o acompanhamento da trajetória de 12 licenciandos que participaram do processo desde a confecção do projeto de pesquisa até a entrega da monografia final. Para complementar a coleta de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas e análise documental, além do contato com os professores que atuaram como orientadores dos licenciandos. O objetivo da pesquisa foi detectar o impacto desse processo na formação dos licenciandos e, verificar se de alguma forma, a realização dos trabalhos de final de curso permite a articulação entre a área de conteúdos específicos e a área de formação pedagógica, contribuindo para construção de uma proposta curricular mais coesa, em que todos possam dar contribuição efetiva para formação do professor.
CONCEPÇÕES TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICAS NO LABORATÓRIO DIDÁTICO DE FÍSICA NA UNIVERSIDADE DE PASSO FUNDO
Authors: Rosa Cleci Werner da
Published: March 2016

Resumo: O presente texto consiste na reflexão acerca do processo ensino-aprendizagem da Física no âmbito das atividades práticas/experimentais desenvolvidas em laboratório didático nos cursos de graduação da Universidade de Passo Fundo. O objetivo principal consiste em elucidar as concepções teórico-metodológicas dos professores de Física desta instituição que utilizam aulas práticas/experimentais na sua ação docente. Fundamenta-se tal estudo na perspectiva dos processos cognoscitivos de aprendizagem, no processo de transposição didática e na identificação do laboratório em questão frente aos tipos de laboratório e às abordagens dadas no ensino de Física experimental do Brasil. A investigação decorre de entrevistas semi-estruturadas cujos dados coletados apontaram que o grupo de professores investigado atribui significativa importância às aulas práticas/experimentais e que tais atividades têm possibilitado a apropriação dos conceitos e fenômenos físicos.
“Just a natural move towards English”: Gulf youth attitudes towards Arabic and English literacy
Authors: O’Neill Gary T.
Published: March 2016

This paper reports a sub-set of results from a mixed-method ethnographic study of literacy among female graduates and undergraduates of a United Arab Emirates public university. With reference to survey data and two in-depth interviews, the paper focuses in particular on the predispositions and preferences of these women with regard to reading and writing in English and Modern Standard Arabic. Employing a New Literacy Studies theoretical framework along with a number of concepts developed by Bourdieu, the paper finds that literacy practices in this context are developing rapidly, influenced by the diverse transnational linguistic marketplaces in which these women grow up. Suggestions are made with regard to possible directions for curricular development in higher education in this region based on the opinions expressed by these young women.
Prevalence of oral diseases in dogs in Tirana urban area
Authors: Allmuca Haxhi , Zalla Péllumb , Andoni Egon , Mazari Brunilda
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of oral diseases in dogs examined at the Small Animal Veterinary Hospital during 2013 - 2014. The dogs underwent a special control for diseases of oral cavity. Site specifications and severity of dental diseases were assessed using modified indexing systems. A total number of 776 dogs, presented at a private Tirana/Albania urban veterinary hospital for different reasons, during this period were analyzed. Analysis by oral disease type revealed 692 dogs or 89.1% dent-gingival disorders. Of these animals, 441 (56.8%) of 776 dogs had periodontal disease; 468 (60.3%) had dental calculus; 241 (31.0%) had teeth loss and 50 (6.4%) had abnormal attrition. Two cases of dogs suffering from tumours, one case with dental caries, two cases with the enamel hypoplasia and one case with gingival hyperplasia, were also observed. Data from this study showed that periodontitis and dental calculus are among the most common diseases prevalent in dogs. There were also observed changes in the deposit of calculus between the upper and lower jaw; with the most calculus deposits observed in the upper jaw. No differences were observed between the right side and the left side of the jaw. Dental calculus index was almost the same between the right side and left side. Frequency of periodontal changes and the degree of inflammation increased with an increase in the age of the dog. Dental calculus was observed at an earlier age in small breeds of dogs. Dental calculus index was lower in large dog breeds compared to the small dog breeds and increased with age. Results of the study showed a high prevalence of oral diseases in dogs and confirmed that periodontal disease is the most common oral disease in dogs.
Effect of concentrate and urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) supplementation on the growth and feed consumption of Mecheri lambs under intensive rearing
Authors: Muralidharan J. , Thiruvenkadan A. K. , Saravanakumar V. Ramesh
Published: March 2016

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of concentrate and urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) supplementation on sheep under intensive system of rearing. Eight weaned Mecheri ram lambs were reared under concentrate (T1) and UMMB (T2) supplementation for 150 days. There was no significant difference between the groups in final body weight at the end of growth trial. Cumulative DMI was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in T1 group than T2 but, the supplementation of UMMB increased the intake of other fodders. Cumulative body weight gain was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in T1 group in 5 months of the feeding experiment. Cumulative FCR was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in T1 group in 0 to 60 and 0 to 90 days period and there after the difference was not significant. Cumulative per cent feed efficiency was better in T1 group at 0 to 90 days and 0 to 150 days of the experiment. It was concluded that UMMB could be used as a versatile non protein nitrogenous supplement to replace concentrate feed for intensively reared Mecheri sheep.
Effect of INM on nodulation, yield, quality and available nutrient status in soil after harvest of greengram
Authors: Dhakal Yubaraj , Meena Ram Swaroop , Kumar Sushil
Published: March 2016

A field experiment was carried out at Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh) during kharif season of 2013 to study the influence of integrated nutrient management on greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek].Three sources of nutrients viz. inorganic, organic and bio-fertilizers were used in twelve combinations with randomized block design. Among different combinations, significant improvement in number of nodules/plant (80.97), dry weight of nodules (32.89 mg/plant), yield attributes, seed yield (12.34 qt/ha), harvest index (28.32%), nutrient content, available NPK and organic carbon after harvest in soil were recorded with application of nutrients through 75% RDF + 2.5 t/ha vermicompost + rhizobium + Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as compared to other combinations and control, but it was at par with 100% RDF + 2.5 t/ha vermicompost and 100% RDF + rhizobium + PSB.
Productivity enhancement of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) through integrated crop management technologies
Authors: Tripathi A. K.
Published: March 2016

The frontline demonstrations were conducted on 45 farmer's fields in the five adopted villages of Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh during rabi seasons of 2010 to 2012 in rainfed condition on medium to heavy soil with medium fertility status under blackgram − lentil cropping system to study the productivity enhancement of lentil through improved production technologies. The results revealed that integrated crop management practices reduced the wilt disease incidence in lentil from 20.7 to 4.9 per cent (76.3 per cent), spray of systemic insecticide imidacloprid 17.8 SL reduced the aphid population from 17.0 to 7.6 per plant (55.2 per cent) in various years. The average 22- 27 pods per plant were obtained under improved technology over to farmer's practices (17-21). The seed yields of lentil under improved technology ranged between 5.02 to 10.5 q ha-1 with average yield of 8.63 q ha-1 which was 30.5 per cent higher over the farmer's practice (6.61 q ha-1). However, maximum average net returns (Rs.21666 ha-1) as well as benefit cost ratio (3.47) were recorded under improved technologies as compared to farmer's practice (Rs.15278 ha-1 and 2.96).
A Review Of The Literature On Eco-Design In Manufacturing Industry: Are The Institutions Focusing On The Key Aspects?
Authors: Segarra-Ona Maria del Val , De-Miguel-Molina Maria , Paya-Martinez Ana
Published: March 2016

The aim of this paper is to review the most important literature in relation to the special characteristics of the eco design as part of the innovation portfolio of companies.Eco design is a methodology that takes into account the environmental condition of products from conception. More than a half of the impacts can be prevented from the design process so that throughout their life circle are less harmful to the environment. As a methodology that integrates environmental criteria in the design of products and services, managing the environmental innovation through eco-design has to be considered as part of the strategic definition of both, companies and Public Agencies.We pretend to analyze literature related to eco-design in companies and the way policy makers are pretending to reinforce sustainable attitude at the industrial sector. The main objective of this paper is to uncover if there is any relation between what literature indicates companies are doing and what public administration are pretending with its industrial policies, to see if institutions are focusing on their industrial policies and check if they are covering the key.
Security Awareness Programs
Authors: Wu Yu Andy , Guynes Carl S. , Windsor John
Published: March 2016

A critical component of security design is security awareness programs. Implemented effectively, security awareness programs enable organizational members to understand the organizations security posture, their responsibilities, and courses of action in the face of security incidents (Purser, 2004). Awareness training programs should be designed as an initiative to foster organizational learning. In addition to the widely used training methods built with traditional or computer-based media, organizational learning tools, such as cognitive maps, are recommended in training to build security awareness as one type of distributed cognition.
REA: An Evolutionary Perspective
Authors: Hall James A.
Published: March 2016

Controversial features of REA divide AIS educators on the virtues of teaching REA versus traditional AIS models. Some educators on both sides of the issue consider REA and traditional AIS to be mutually exclusive propositions. This article demonstrates that REA is an evolutionary rather than revolutionary concept that is rooted in traditional AIS models. The article examines the evolutionary relationship between REA and the manual process, the flat-file, and the data base models. The article shows that REA and traditional AIS can and should share the same podium. In fact, a sound appreciation of REA principles follows from insight gained by studying and understanding traditional AIS models. The appendix to the article presents a strategy for teaching REA within the structure of a traditional AIS course.
Students Initial Knowledge State And Test Design: Towards A Valid And Reliable Test Instrument
Authors: CoPo Antonio Roland I.
Published: March 2016

Designing a good test instrument involves specifications, test construction, validation, try-out, analysis and revision. The initial knowledge state of forty (40) tertiary students enrolled in Business Statistics course was determined and the same test instrument undergoes validation. The designed test instrument did not only reveal the baseline knowledge of the students, but also notes strengths, weakness and defects of the test instrument through the analysis of the test scores. Analysis of the test instrument revealed that it is reliable and valid. The item analysis result guided the researcher in improving the test items resulting to a better overall test.
Assimilation Conundrum: Austrian Befriends Americans in Costa Rica
Authors: Budden Michael Craig , Budden Heather Lynn
Published: March 2016

The number of international students coming to the United States has fallen during the past two years.  Still, many come.  They seek an education that may be unavailable at home or just an opportunity to study in a foreign environment.  Upon graduation, many return home with subject matter knowledge gleaned in the classroom but no real understanding of Americans or America.  Those lacking assimilation and acceptance among US students return to their homelands shortchanged and in some ways, less prepared than they should be to deal in a multi-cultural environment.  International students need to be assimilated in such a manner as to enrich their understanding of the United States and to broaden their horizons. Too, assimilation may lead to an increase in the numbers of foreign students seeking an education in the U.S.  In a similar vein, U.S. students can enrich their knowledge and understanding of foreign cultures through close interaction with foreign students.
Improving Business Students Oral Communication Skills
Authors: Culpepper David H. , Beeler Jesse D. , Burke Kimberly Gladden
Published: March 2016

This study empirically examines a model for improving the oral communication skills of business students. First, the researchers worked to identify the elements of effective oral communication in a business setting, and to enumerate the related oral communication skills that potential employers hope to find in new employees.  Next we endeavored to gauge the degree to which an intensive program of instruction in oral communication within an existing business course can improve these skills and abilities among college seniors. The study utilized a pre/post test quasi-experimental design and provides evidence that by redesigning one of the senior level business courses to include an intense oral communications element it is possible to improve a student's oral communication skills.
Establishing A Certified Financial Planner Program At A Regional University
Authors: Larson Stephen J. , Joyce William B. , McGrady David
Published: March 2016

This paper discusses the process of establishing a Certified Financial Planner™ program at a regional state university as well as the benefits of such a practical program for students.  In 2003 the financial planning curriculum at Eastern Illinois University became board registered by the Certified Financial Planner™ Board.  Students take five courses covering taxation, insurance, investments, retirement planning, and estate planning.  This curriculum satisfies the requirements to sit for the Certified Financial Planner™ [CFP®] exam.  Recent students of our program have obtained good jobs primarily in the area of retirement planning and investments.
Students At Work: Classroom Implications Of Outside Employment
Authors: Cillis Daniel R. , Kellar Greg , Akel Anthony M.
Published: March 2016

With the growing population of nontraditional students, questions have been posed as to whether or not student employment results in better academic performance.  This study measures the effects of employment experiences on university and classroom dynamics. Undergraduate business students from a large, private university constituted the sample. They were surveyed to determine the relationship between their university and work experiences. Findings suggest that work and educational efforts do not always compete. For many, it appears the same intangibles that propel individuals to excel in a job carries over into the academic arena.  Implications for Business Education are presented.
Using Student-Centered Projects To Teach Mathematics Content Standards To Middle School Teachers II (The Second Course)
Authors: Bellomo Carryn
Published: March 2016

Teaching and learning standards across the country are becoming more content driven, especially in mathematics.  As such, it is essential to develop substantive college level math courses for pre-service and in-service teachers.  These courses should deliver mathematical content in a relevant way.  Teachers must not only be proficient in their subject, but also recognize how to apply content meaningfully to student’s lives.  As part of a grant funded through the Department of Education in coordination with the Clark County School District, I have designed two college level courses that will deliver mathematical content standards to middle school teachers.  These courses will help prepare teachers at the middle school level by focusing on mathematical content, making connections within the curriculum, using technology, and enhancing the role of mathematics in everyday life and problem solving.  This paper extends the concepts provided in [1].  The primary purpose of this paper is to share with the academic community the projects used to develop content understanding in mathematics topics such as:  spatial relationships, geometry, problem solving, reasoning, mathematical modeling, financial and economic analysis, and probability.  This paper will present these projects, and tie them to mathematics standards outlined in the Clark County School District (and state of Nevada).
The Reflective Dispositional Coaching Process: An Action Research Project
Authors: Bell Edwin D. , Grant Kathy , Fisk-Moody Patricia
Published: March 2016

The authors implemented an action research project to help teacher education candidates to reflect upon, assess, and ultimately strengthen teacher candidate dispositions through the Reflective Dispositional Coaching Model.  The teacher education faculty agreed that candidate dispositions should address four areas: (a) professionalism, (b) commitment to lifelong learning, (c) reflective and critical thinker, and (d) commitment to diversity.  Coaching the candidates through the reflective practitioner model not only allowed the candidates to operationally define and assess their dispositions, but also assisted them in a plan for empowerment and professional growth.
The Effects Of Different Sections And Students Pre-Course Interest On An Instructors Teaching Evaluations
Authors: Persons Obeua S.
Published: March 2016

This study has identified two important factors, unrelated to an instructor’s teaching ability, which can affect an instructor’s teaching evaluations.  The first factor, which has never been examined in any prior studies, is the section effect.  This study finds that teaching evaluations differ significantly across sections of the same course taught by the same instructor.  This section effect cannot be explained by six student-related variables.  The second factor, which is students’ pre-course interest measured at the beginning of a course, is found to be positively related to teaching evaluations.  These findings suggest that higher-education administrators may want to consider the section effect and the students’ pre-course interest when they evaluate an instructor’s teaching effectiveness for promotion, tenure and merit decisions.
Determinants Of Instructors Influence On Selection Of A Major In An Integrated Introductory Business Course
Authors: Simione Kathleen , Cadden David , Thompson Mark A , Rich Anne
Published: March 2016

Increasingly, as part of a desire to improve student understanding of the integrative nature of business, more and more schools are introducing interdisciplinary courses into the curriculum. These courses may also assist students with their choice of major.  Generally, courses of this type are offered at the introductory level and may be structured in a variety of ways. Many questions still exist about the overall effectiveness of these courses with respect to teaching an understanding of integration, the appropriateness of alternative course designs, and how they might influence the selection of a major.  Our institution has had such an Introductory Business Course for more than a decade. The course has always contained a process of continuous quality improvement .The course has evolved rather significantly during the last decade. One of its most recent and substantive changes has been to move from having multiple faculty members teaching each section to having each section taught by a single instructor. We felt that it was critical to examine the effectiveness of this change with regard to teaching, and also to see if the use of the single instructor model impacted student selection of a business major.  The paper evaluates the effectiveness of faculty members to teach material outside their discipline. It also examines for the possible influence by instructors on selection of majors in the instructor’s discipline in an introductory business course.
A Comparison Of Internet And Classroom Students Performance In The Course Information Society
Authors: Zhou Zehai , Reed Roger
Published: March 2016

This empirical study investigated the performance of the students who took an undergraduate course “Information Society” either online, or in a traditional classroom setting in the semesters fall 2002, spring 2003, spring 2004, and summer 2003. Our study analyzed the performance of 279 students in those semesters. The students in each semester or summer session completed the same course work, including listening to the same lectures and taking the same exams. The results of our analysis indicates that that the Internet students performed at least in the same level as the on-campus students and that the online delivery method did not negatively affect success of the students. However, we also found that the non-completion rates for the course Information Society (SOC285) in fall 2002 and spring 2004 were different for students who took the course online or in a traditional classroom setting, indicating that Internet students in the course had more difficulties in finishing the course. The third major finding is that for online delivery, the students in the short summer session (in summer 2003) performed as well as students in normal semesters (fall 2002, spring 2003, and spring 2004) in terms of both completion rate and median scores.
Accounting Issues: An Essay Series Part VIII Stockholders Equity
Authors: Laux Judy
Published: March 2016

This eighth installment in the series on accounting theory pertains to stockholders’ equity and its related conceptual, measurement and ethical issues.  Coverage includes the associated theoretical, empirical, and popular literature.
Assessment Of The Excellence Of Academic Advising: Lessons Learned
Authors: Afshar Tahmoures , Dhiman Satinder
Published: March 2016

Numerous studies have described the importance of the quality of academic advising in student retention.  Some studies have explored the impact of effective academic advising on student retention rates while others have explored the correlation between student retention/satisfaction and advisor-student interaction.  Recent studies have also demonstrated the range of students’ expectations about academic advising.  However, there are not very many studies to indicate what factors affect an advisor’s effectiveness and success in their performance.  Our study attempts to fill this gap in the literature by incorporating these issues in an academic advising effectiveness process.  For the purpose of this study, a sample of 225 students in an urban, private university was used to assess the excellence in academic advising.  We found that excellence in academic advising is greatly linked to such factors as students’ personal, cultural, and academic background, including the quality of their relationship with their advisor.
An Examination Of Accounting Majors Ethical Decisions Before And After An Ethics Course Requirement
Authors: Rogers Violet , Smith Aileen
Published: March 2016

The increased focus on ethical decision making in the accounting profession has resulted in greater attention being paid to the education of future accountants.  Texas is one of the states that requires a State Board approved university course in Accounting Ethics to be on the transcript of prospective CPA candidates.  This study reports on research using senior/graduate level accounting majors at a Texas state university before the university course requirement and after the requirement.  The survey presented four vignettes for the students to consider (i.e., 2 describe an ethical decision and 2 describe an unethical decision).  Students were requested to indicate (1) how ethical/unethical they believed the actions described were and (2) the probability that they would take the same action as the actor.  The results of the analysis indicate no significant differences in the responses of the students whenever the vignette describes a situation in which the accountant makes an ethical decision.  However, significant differences were indicated in both decisions whenever the students were dealing with a vignette describing an accountant making an unethical decision.
Accounting Issues: An Essay Series Part VI - Investments In Securities
Authors: Laux Judy
Published: March 2016

This series is designed to restore to the introductory accounting course the theoretical structure now missing from most principles texts.  Laux 2007(a) offers the justification, and thus far the series has addressed the other major assets—cash, accounts receivable, inventory, property, and intangible assets.  "The Conceptual Framework at a Glance" section of the 2007 work uses the hierarchy of accounting characteristics (displayed on the following page) along with a mountain-hiking analogy to describe some of the daily accounting dilemmas encountered at the base of the mountain, potential measurement and classification issues associated with the adjusting process in the foothills of the journey, and the goal to be reached at the mountain top—reflecting economic reality, thereby making the information useful for decision makers.  To that end, the current article briefly reviews the fundamental accounting rules for investments in marketable securities, followed by a section outlining the conceptual framework connections and measurement issues.  Finally, the last section introduces some real-world examples of companies that have struggled with securities-related reporting.  The section also looks at some of the literature devoted to investments, both conceptual and empirical.
Structure Of Latent Factors In The Learning Of Statistics
Authors: Vargas-Vargas Manuel , Mondejar-Jimenez Jose
Published: March 2016

Today, almost all curricula in the social sciences contain at least one course in statistics, given its importance as an analytical tool. This work identifies the latent factors relating to students’ motivation and attitudes toward statistics and tests their covariance structure. Specifically using a structural equations model, the work confirms that the evaluative factors affect the affective factors and the interest variable affects the level of anxiety. The findings obtained using the partial least squares method allow the authors to confirm the proposed relations and validate the model.
How Do Culturally-Derived Values Affect Teachers Perception Of The Value Of On-Line ELT Courses: The Case Of Hong Kong
Authors: Lui Icy
Published: March 2016

This paper describes the program characteristics of the on-line courses, analyses how culturally-derived values influence teachers’ conception of their roles in the learning situation, and aims at describing the classroom pedagogical implication in terms of the future role of teachers in order to make the most out of the on-line courses that the School offers for students.
Automating Partial Period Bond Valuation With Excels Day Counting Functions
Authors: Vicknair David , Spruell James
Published: March 2016

An Excel model for calculating the actual price of bonds under a 30 day/month, 360 day/year day counting assumption by nesting the DAYS360 function within the PV function is developed. When programmed into an Excel spreadsheet, the model can accommodate annual and semiannual payment bonds sold on or between interest dates using six fundamental inputs, including the bond’s par value, maturity date, annual stated rate of interest, and payment frequency, the annual market rate of interest, and the settlement date. Thus, the model can be applied across the business curriculum in a variety of introductory and more advanced level courses.
Attitude Toward Democracy In Pakistan: Secondary School Teachers Perceptions
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad , Yousuf Muhammad Imran , Hussain Shafqat
Published: March 2016

The study aimed at exploring the public sector secondary school teachers’ perceptions for development of democratic values and strategies to improve the democratic system and attitudes toward democracy. Sixty secondary school teachers were selected as a sample. The qualitative data in the form of interview responses were collected to explore teachers’ perceptions about democracy, problems in the smooth running of democracy and remedies to these problems. Five-point Likert-type attitude toward democracy scale (ATDS) was developped to assess the attitude of secondary school teachers toward democracy. The data were analysed by applying one sample t-test.  The study provide discussion at concusions drawn about democratic values and attitude of teachers toward democracy.