bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de Calidad De Agua del Río Chipalo por el vertimiento Santa Ana 1 y 2 utilizando el modelo Qual2k
Authors: Cuellar Alexa F. , Lezama Juan F.
Published: December 2021

Debido a la falta de una adecuada planificación y un pensamiento ambiental acerca de un buen tratamiento de las aguas residuales que son vertidas a los ríos, existe un alto nivel de contaminación en la mayoría de las fuentes hídricas en Colombia, un ejemplo de ello es el río Chipalo que cruza la zona urbana de Ibagué y recoge vertimientos a lo largo de su cauce. La evaluación de estos vertimientos sobre las fuentes hídricas requiere de recursos como personal calificado y económico, que permitan determinar el impacto ambiental y proporcionar alertas sobre la contaminación recibida. Sin embargo, una metodología utilizada para la disminución de costos en la evaluación de los vertimientos es el uso de modelos matemáticos que predicen la calidad de las aguas. En este trabajo se realizó el análisis de calidad de agua del vertimiento Santa Ana 1 y 2 sobre el río Chipalo utilizando el modelo matemático de simulación QUAL2K desarrollado por la EPA, en donde se obtuvo el modelo calibrado con las simulaciones de los siguientes parámetros (tiempo de viaje, caudal, temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, demanda biológica de oxígeno, nitrógeno amoniacal, nitrato y pH) del escenario presentado en el vertimiento Santa Ana 1 y 2; zona en donde las aguas residuales domésticas son vertidas al río. Además, se realizaron distintas simulaciones del modelo con proyecciones de cargas contaminantes diferentes, logrando así un análisis del río y del vertimiento en diferentes condiciones.
Aprendizaje estratégico en la modalidad distancia tradicional: Caracterización de la enseñanza-aprendizaje
Authors: Ladino-Calderón Francy Milena , Rincón-Infante Sandra Milena
Published: December 2021

Introducción. La enseñanza a distancia se enfoca en la resolución de las dificultades en cobertura y acceso a la educación superior que se presentan en el territorio colombiano y en Latinoamérica, sin embargo, en la búsqueda de la calidad educativa, se requiere analizar las complejidades asociadas al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se encuentran inmersas en esta alternativa innovadora. Este artículo presenta los resultados derivados de un proyecto de investigación docente. Objetivo. Caracterizar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje utilizados en educación superior en la modalidad distancia tradicional. Metodología. Enfoque mixto con diseño anidado concurrente, en el que se aplicó un instrumento adaptado de la prueba ACRA y tres grupos focales con una participación total de 108 estudiantes y 78 docentes. Análisis de resultados. Los resultados muestran mayor frecuencia en el uso de estrategias de adquisición y apoyo, siendo las más comunes el subrayado, toma de apuntes, listas de chequeo y apoyo de pares; también se evidencia desconocimiento de la utilidad de los organizadores gráficos. Los docentes y las docentes utilizan el trabajo por proyectos, la dinamización de los encuentros y la relación de los contenidos con la vida cotidiana del estudiantado. Conclusiones. Se sugiere la creación de comunidades académicas para optimizar los procesos de enseñanza, el uso de estrategias aplicación y relaciones intra contenidos en clase y tutoría, optimizar y entrenar en estrategias de apoyo a la información y recuperación, además de garantizar la flexibilidad, accesibilidad, calidad y equidad en el currículo.
Monseñor Romero: la búsqueda de diálogos en contextos de violencia
Authors: Grenni Héctor Raúl
Published: December 2021

En este escrito se presentan los intentos de diálogo de Monseñor Romero con la gente de su tiempo, en un contexto de extrema violencia. El arzobispo, a quien todos hacían referencia, intentó de muchas maneras llevar a los actores a espacios de diálogo. La radicalización de las posturas por parte de los `actores principales` de este tiempo llevó al fracaso de estos intentos, y condujo al país, irremediablemente, hacia la guerra civil de 12 años que destruyó el país.
Вплив деформацiї молекули SO2 на прояв девiацiї S–O-зв'язку
Authors: Охрiменко Б.А. , Юшко О.О.
Published: December 2021

Вивчено вплив попередньої деформації молекули за рахунок зміщення одного з атомів кисню з положення рівноваги на прояв явища девіації. Помічено, що деформація молекули за рахунок зміщення одного з атомів кисню при незмінному положенні атома сірки, супроводжується зміноюрівноважного положення іншого атома кисню. Збільшення довжини одного із відрізків O–S супроводжується зменшенням кута між відрізками O–S.
Природа і кінетика нестаціонарного поглинання світла плівками С60, наведеного фемтосекундними лазерними імпульсами
Authors: Горішний М.П. , Павлов І.А. , Ковальчук О.В.
Published: December 2021

Використовуючи методику "збудження–зондування", досліджено структуру і часову еволюцію наведеного фемтосекундними лазерними імпульсами поглинання плівок С60 у спектральній області 2,04–2,37 еВ та часовому діапазоні 0–882 пс. Плівки С60 товщиною 200 нм отримані на кварцових підкладках термічним напиленням у вакуумі 6,5 мПа при кімнатній температурі.
Контур спектра поглинання плівок С60, наведеного фемтосекундними імпульсами, в області зондування 2,04–2,37 еВ формують смуги при 2,097; 2,164; 2,209; 2,262; 2,299 і 2,331 еВ. Смуги при 2,097; 2,209 і 2,262 еВ зумовлені електронними переходами між зонами, утвореними нульовими вібронними рівнями S0-стану і ненульовими вібронними рівнями S1-стану молекули С60 відповідно.
Вперше встановлено, що ``гарячі'' смуги при 2,164; 2,299 і 2,331 еВ зумовлені електронними переходами між зонами, утвореними ненульовимивібронними рівнями S0- або S1-станів і нульовими вібронними рівнями S2- або S4-станів молекули С60 відповідно.
Часові кінетики спадання оптичної густини ΔD наведеного поглинання плівок С60 в діапазоні 0–882 пс апроксимовано трьома експонентами. Для зондуючих фотонів з енергією E = 2,217 еВ одержано такі значення часів релаксації: τp1=(1,04 ± 0,13) пс; τp2=(5,81 ± 0,94) пс і τp3=(108,0 ± 9,3) пс. При апроксимації цих кінетик функцією Кольрауша ("розтягнута" експонента) уточнено величину ефективного часу релаксації τp. Вона становить 6,0 пс і є близькою до величини τp2. В рівноважний стан електронна система плівок С60 релаксує через проміжок часу Δt >882 пс.
Встановлено, що величини τp1 і τp2 суттєво залежать від вибраного часового діапазону апроксимації і способу усереднення точок кінетики ΔDн(t). Для τp3 ця залежність значно менша.
Морфологія та оптичні властивості нанокластерів Ge на окисленій поверхні Si(001)
Authors: Лисенко В.С. , Кондратенко С.В. , Козирев Ю.М. , Рубежанська М.Ю. , Кладько В.П. , Гоменюк Ю.В. , Гудименко О.Й. , Мельничук Є.Є. , Грене Ж. , Бланшар Н.Б.
Published: December 2021

Розглянуто нанокластери Ge, вирощені методом молекулярно-променевої епітаксії на хімічно окисленій поверхні Si(001) при температурі 700 ºC. По дифракції рентгенівських променів та спектроскопії фотопровідності вперше виявлено, що нанокластери мають кристалічну структуру із об'ємоцентрованою тетрагональною ґраткою, яка має край власного поглинання поблизу 0,48 еВ при 50 K. Нанесення Si на поверхню з нанокластерами Ge приводить до реконструкції поверхні та формуванню полікристалічного покриття із кубічною ґраткою, а об'єм нанокластерів стає твердим розчином SiGe із тетрагональною ґраткою. Край власного поглинання завдяки перемішуванню Si–Ge зазнав зсуву до 0,73 еВ. Обґрунтовано можливий механізм росту нанокластерів.
PEMANFAATAN PETA KONSEP (CONCEPT MAPPING) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA TENTANG KONSEP SENYAWA HIDROKARBON
Authors: Yunita Luki
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang senyawa hidrokarbon dengan pemanfaatan peta konsep. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Muhammadiyah 8 Ciputat-Tangerang Selatan pada bulan April sampai dengan Juni 2007. Metode yang digunakan berupa Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research) dengan dua siklus. Siklus I dilakukan dua kali pertemuan dengan bahasan komposisi hidrokarbon dan kekhasan atom karbon. Siklus II dilakukan lima kali pertemuan pada bahasan penggolongan hidrokarbon, reaksi dan kegunaannya. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes hasil belajar dengan siklus I soal dibatasi pada jenjang pengetahuan dan pemahaman, sedangkan siklus II mencapai jenjang aplikasi dan analisis. Instrumen lainnya berupa angket tanggapan siswa terhadap peta konsep, lembar observasi, serta wawancara guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketercapaian indikator keberhasilan dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa siklus I sebesar 70,3 menjadi 80,8 pada siklus II. Pada siklus II tidak ada siswa yang mendapat nilai kurang dari 60,0. Angket tanggapan siswa terhadap peta konsep dalam pembelajaran terjadi peningkatan prosentase pada seluruh pernyataan dari siklus I ke siklus II. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pemanfaatan peta konsep memberikan dampak positif bagi siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar dan hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan masukkan bagi para pendidik dalam memilih strategi mengajar yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kualitas belajar mengajar yang diharapkan.
DESKRIPSI PERKEMBANGAN KETERAMPILAN KERJA ILMIAH DENGAN PENDEKATAN INKUIRI BERBASIS SCAFFOLDING TERHADAP SISWA KELAS XI IPA SMAN 7 PONTIANAK
Authors: Rasmawan Rahmat
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan perkembangan keterampilan kerja ilmiah siswa melalui model pembelajaran inkuiri berbasis Scaffolding pada materi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi laju reaksi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas XI IPA2 SMAN 7 Pontianak yang berjumlah 34 siswa. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari hasil LKS dengan pendekatan keterampilan kerja ilmiah pada saat proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan ketuntasan individual siswa pada pertemuan pertama, kedua, ketiga dan keempat yang secara berurutan adalah 15%, 58%, 70% dan 87%. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran inkuiri berbasis scaffolding dapat mengembangkan keterampilan kerja ilmiah siswa.
PROFIL KETERAMPILAN ARGUMENTASI SISWA PADA KONSEP KOLOID YANG DIKEMBANGKAN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI ARGUMENTATIF
Authors: Farida Ida
Published: December 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalis profil keterampilan argumentasi siswa salah satu Madrasah Aliyah Negeri di Bandung yang dikembangkan melalui pembelajaran inkuiri argumentatif pada konsep Sistem Koloid.  Instrumen penelitian berupa rubrik penilaian untuk menilai: kinerja praktikum, laporan praktikum, kualitas argumentasi dan karakter ilmiah. Data-data diperoleh dari observasi pelaksanaan delapan tahap proses pembelajaran, yaitu:  identifikasi tugas dan pertanyaan inkuiri; pengumpulan dan analisis data; pengembangan argumentasi tentatif, sesi argumentasi, penyusunan laporan, penilaian sejawat, revisi, dan diskusi eksplisit dan reflektif.  Siswa bekerja  secara kelompok dan berdiskusi berdasarkan  tugas yang diberikan melalui lembar kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas siswa selama pembelajaran menunjukkan proses penerapan pembelajaran inkuiri argumentatif berjalan baik.  Kualitas argumentasi siswa secara lisan jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tulisan. Karakter ilmiah siswa berkembang dengan baik, khususnya sikap komunikatif dan toleransi. Dengan demikian penerapan  pembelajaran inkuiri argumentatif pada konsep koloid dapat meningkatkan keaktifan siswa, mengembangkan keterampilan berargumentasi siswa, dan mengembangkan karakter ilmiah siswa.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI MADRASAH ALIAH NEGERI SE-JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Primasari Rosita , Zulfiani Zulfiani , Herlanti Yanti
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi yang menggambarkan tentang penggunaan media pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru biologi dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima MAN yang ada di Jakarta Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah lima orang guru biologi dan 153 siswa kelas X. Hasil penelitian yang didapat bahwa media yang sering digunakan oleh guru di kelas pada pembelajaran biologi adalah ICT atau multimedia, media gambar diam, dan media gambar gerak, sedangkan media yang jarang digunakan adalah media relia dan film dengan suara. Guru mempertimbangkan karakteristik konsep biologi dalam menentukan media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi yang menggambarkan tentang penggunaan media pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru biologi dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima MAN yang ada di Jakarta Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah lima orang guru biologi dan 153 siswa kelas X. Hasil penelitian yang didapat bahwa media yang sering digunakan oleh guru di kelas pada pembelajaran biologi adalah ICT atau multimedia, media gambar diam, dan media gambar gerak, sedangkan media yang jarang digunakan adalah media relia dan film dengan suara. Guru mempertimbangkan karakteristik konsep biologi dalam menentukan media pembelajaran.
SCIENCE EDUCATORS ATTITUDES TOWARD THE NEW THEMATIC INTEGRATED CURRICULUM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ramli Munasprianto
Published: December 2021

Mulai tahun ajaran 2013/2014 pemerintah repubik Indonesia melalui Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan berencana mengimplementasikan kurikulum baru yang bersifat tematik integratif. Perubahan kurikulum ini dilai sangat terburu-buru dan kurang perencanaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pendapat para pendidik sains di Indonesia terkait rencana implementasi kurikulum. Dari Interview dan Fokus Gtup diskusi peneliti menemukan bahwa para pendidik sains berharap pemerintah mau lebih mematangkan persipan kurikulum dan memperhatikan maslah mendasar lainnya seperti pelatihan kompetensi guru dan pendidik sains juga berharap mata pelajaran sains tidak dihilangkan di kurikulum sekolah dasar.
Health-care Transition: A Vital Part of Care, Growth, and Change for Pediatric Patients
Authors: Davidson Lynn F. , Doyle Maya H.
Published: December 2021

Preparing all youth for the transition to adult-oriented care, adulthood itself, and a greater responsibility for their own health and health-care is an essential part of pediatric care. This process, typically described as health-care transition, can occur throughout ongoing pediatric health-care to prepare patients for transfer to an adult clinician and integration into adult care. Gaps remain in practice and in outcomes research regarding health-care transition. This review discusses recent literature, details best practices, and recommends guidance and tools to assist pediatric clinicians in providing a smooth transition process and a successful transfer to adult care for youth with and without special health-care needs.
Characterisation and pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida capsular serogroup A isolates from Awassi sheep in Syria
Authors: Al-haj Ali H. , Al Balaa B.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of serogroup A of Pasteurella multocida in Syrian Awassi sheep. Of 1630 samples collected from nasal swabs of healthy and pneumonic sheep (125 herds) and pneumonic sheep lungs, a total of 228 (13.9%) strains were isolated and identified as P. multocida subsp. multocida by phenotypic and biochemical characterisation. However, of them only 117 (51.3%) were identified as serogroup A of P. multocida when PCR assay with specific primers for serogroup A strains was applied. The highest rate of serogroup A isolation was from apparently healthy sheep (49.6%) with consideration that all lung isolates (23 isolates) belonged to serogroup A. Geographical and seasonal distribution showed that about 60% of positively isolated bacteria originated from Syrian desert (29 isolates) and central parts of semi-arid step zone (41 isolates). A significant increase (P≤0.05) in the rate of positive isolates was observed in winter as compared to spring. Pathogenicity tests of 10 isolates with 50 or 10 LD50 values showed that 5 isolates were able to induce symptoms of fowl cholera in challenge-exposed chickens indicating that migratory Awassi sheep might serve as a carrier for serogroup A of P. multocida and that ovine isolates may be virulent for local breed of chickens.
«Todas las madres del mundo», de Gustavo Martín Garzo: reconfigurar las maternidades en 59 microficciones
Authors: Morán-Rodríguez Carmen
Published: December 2021

El artículo aborda el análisis de uno de los pocos títulos de Gustavo Martín Garzo correspondientes al género de la microficción: Todas las madres del mundo (previamente publicado como Pequeño manual de las madres del mundo). La crítica ha dedicado poca atención a este libro, probablemente porque se identifica a su autor con la escritura de novelas, género al que pertenecen sus títulos más celebrados. Sin embargo, como tratamos de demostrar en las siguientes páginas, Todas las madres del mundo aborda un tema recurrente en toda la obra de Martín Garzo, la maternidad. Para ello, el autor recurre a una escritura breve y nodal, donde la categoría de “libro” no funciona como una mera recopilación de relatos o una convención editorial, sino que constituye una forma de lectura topológica y relacional. Se conforma así un ciclo temático de piezas narrativas breves, similar a un catálogo o un bestiario, lo que resulta una opción idónea para abordar la complejidad de la experiencia de la maternidad abordada desde ángulos insólitos y a veces poco complacientes, pero no faltos de humor.
No-literatura: aproximación a la ontología débil de la literatura después del fragmentarismo
Authors: Rodriguez-Posada Adolfo
Published: December 2021

La llegada del siglo XXI ha contemplado la difusión de una serie de prácticas conceptualistas literarias cuyo origen se remonta a las primeras vanguardias. El fragmentarismo característico del cambio de siglo ha dado paso a una concepción del arte verbal que sabotea los pilares de la poética moderna. Así pues, textos convencionales no literarios se presentan como literarios siguiendo las técnicas habituales del apropiacionismo artístico. Este fenómeno emergente en la praxis literaria del siglo XXI desborda los principios sólidos de la teoría literaria (ficción, literariedad, estilo, género) y está fundamentado sobre una ontología diferente y alternativa que se aleja de una concepción belletrística de la literatura. El propósito de este artículo pasa, por lo tanto, por aproximarnos a las señas de identidad propias de una ontología débil de la literatura después del fragmentarismo. Sobre la base de la dicotomía aristotélica esencia/accidente se abordarán obras emblemáticas del conceptualismo literario en el ámbito hispánico (Peicovich, Katchadjian, Fernández Mallo, Cussen, Zambra, Mora) para ilustrar el concepto de no-literatura que aquí se introduce para designar y agrupar aquella literatura que sin acabar de serlo no deja por ello de manifestarse como arte verbal.
Qualidade da declaração de idade nos dados de óbito do Censo demográfico brasileiro de 2010
Authors: Monteiro-da-Silva José Henrique Costa , Guimarães Raphael Mendonça
Published: December 2021

Resumo Introdução O debate em torno do quesito de óbito no Censo Demográfico brasileiro foi retomado pela proximidade do Censo Demográfico de 2020. Há certa vantagem em obter informações de óbito por meio do Censo, mas é importante garantir a qualidade dessa informação. Objetivo Analisar a qualidade da declaração de idade para os dados de óbito do Censo Demográfico de 2010. Método Foram utilizadas as informações acerca dos óbitos nos domicílios, coletadas no questionário do universo do Censo Demográfico de 2010 do IBGE. A análise foi realizada a partir dos índices de Whipple e Myers. Resultados Para o Brasil como um todo, os resultados observados atestam uma boa qualidade dos dados de declaração de idade dos óbitos. No entanto, quando é estratificada a análise ao âmbito de unidades federativas, algumas distorções foram verificadas, sobretudo nas unidades pertencentes às regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste. Conclusão O uso dos dados de mortalidade para as análises em âmbito macro, do país como um todo, não requer ajustes para adequar as qualidades das informações, assim como para as análises em termos das grandes regiões.
Genetic control of anthracnose stalk rot resistance in tropical maize
Authors: Matiello Rodrigo Rodrigues , Máximo Débora da Silva , Coelho Caroline de Jesus
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The genetic resistance to diseases in plants represents an important support pillar in modern agriculture. This study aimed to determine the genetic inheritance to anthracnose stalk rot resistance in tropical maize. Nine segregating families were obtained from contrasting inbred lines crosses. The parental lines and the filial generations (F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) were evaluated for antrachnose stalk rot resistance in an experiment in randomized blocks, with three replications. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design, with family effect in the plots and generation effect in the split-plots. The results showed a similar inheritance among the families, with predominance of additive genetic effects. The inbreed lines (LR 04-2, LR 03-2 and LR 23-1) were very effective in transmitting resistance genes to their descendants because they allowed sharp decreases in the lesions length in the stalks. It was also possible to notice an oligogenic inheritance involved in the anthracnose stalk rot resistance for the evaluated families. It may be inferred that genetic gains from artificial selection could be successful for developing maize inbred lines more resistant to anthracnose stalk rot.
Nuevo registro de Canis lupus familiaris prehispánico en el humedal del Paraná inferior con evidencias de aserrado perimetral
Authors: Acosta Alejandro , Loponte Daniel M. , Buc Natacha
Published: December 2021

Resumen En este trabajo se presenta un nuevo registro de perro prehispánico recuperado en el sitio arqueológico Cerro Lutz, ubicado en el humedal del Paraná inferior. El material asignado a Canis lupus familiaris corresponde a un fémur proximal que presenta huellas de aserrado perimetral, lo cual indica que el espécimen fue utilizado con fines tecnológicos. La determinación específica del fémur se realizó sobre la base de un estudio morfométrico, en donde se incluyeron, con fines comparativos, fémures de otros dos individuos precolombinos de C. l. familiaris, como así también de los cánidos silvestres de la región (Cerdocyon thous, Dusicyon avus y Licalopex griseus). Los resultados obtenidos indican que el fémur corresponde a un individuo de talla mediana de similares características al primer ejemplar hallado en Cerro Lutz y al recuperado en el sitio CH2D01-II en Uruguay. En terminos tecnológicos constituye un elemento descartado durante el proceso de elaboracíon de un artefacto, probablemente una punta ahuecada. Para el aréa de estudio, este es el primer registro que existe sobre la utilización de un hueso de un perro precolombino como materia prima.
The effect of decarburization on the fatigue life of overhead line hardware
Authors: Calitz J. , Kok S. , Delport D.
Published: December 2021

Altering the microstructure in order to improve the tensile properties of bow shackles resulted in inconsistency in the fatigue performance. This raises the question whether the inconsistency in fatigue life can be attributed to microstructural changes along the profile of the shackle or to decarburization at the surface. Bow shackles forged from 080M40 (EN8) material were subjected to different heat treatments in order to alter the microstructure. The shackles were subjected to five different fatigue load cases, which represented typical loads experienced at termination points for an overhead power line with a span length of 400 m, with changes in conductor type, configuration, wind, and ice loading. Although the change in microstructure does improve both the tensile and fatigue performance, we found that the depth of the decarburization layer has a greater effect on the high cycle fatigue life of bow shackles than the non-homogeneous microstructure.
Determination of the optimal transition point between a truck and shovel system and a semi-mobile in-pit crushing and conveying system
Authors: Shamsi M. , Nehring M.
Published: December 2021

One of the most challenging aspects in semi-mobile in-pit crushing and conveying (SMIPCC) system design is determining the optimum depth at which to change from a purely truck-based haulage system to a conveyor-based haulage system. We used scenario analysis to determine the optimum transition depth between a truck and shovel (TS) system and a SMIPCC system. Traditional pit-limit algorithms were used to generate the final pit limit on a copper deposit, which was then divided into four pushbacks. The final operating pushbacks (phases) were designed for both TS and SMIPCC. The end depths for each phase are viewed as candidate transition points to switch from the TS to SMIPCC haulage system. Economic calculations were applied for five different scenarios, including adopting SMIPCC from the outset (pure SMIPCC), after the first, second, and third phases, and finally not using the SMIPCC system (pure TS) at all. The analysis indicates that the second scenario, at a depth of 335 m, results in the lowest cumulative discounted cost (CDC). In this case, the CDC is 17.6% lower than that for the pure TS scenario and 10.7% lower than for the pure SMIPCC system scenario.
Researching higher education in Africa as a process of meaning-making: Epistemological and theoretical considerations
Authors: Cross Michael , Govender Logan
Published: December 2021

In this article, we argue for a new way of thinking about knowledge construction in African higher education as a basis for developing new theoretical and epistemological insights, founded on inclusivity, epistemic freedom, and social justice. We recognise coloniality as a fundamental problem that needs us to scrutinise our knowledge of decolonisation (about decolonisation itself) and our knowledge for decolonisation (to make change possible). Following Bourdieu (1972), such thinking also requires degrees of vigilance that entail fundamental epistemological breaks, or put differently, it requires epistemological decolonisation as a point of departure. Thus, the future of tertiary education in Africa must be located within a new horizon of possibilities, informed by a nuanced political epistemology and ontology embedded in the complex African experience and visibility of the colonised and oppressed. In short, there can be no social justice without epistemic justice.
Conceptualising work-integrated learning to support pre-service teachers' pedagogic reasoning
Authors: RusznyakI Lee , Bertram Carol
Published: December 2021

Much South African research suggests that work-integrated learning (WIL) experiences of pre-service teachers are uneven. Their learning depends heavily on the functionality of the school and on the presence and commitment of the mentor teacher. Even then, mentor feedback tends to focus on generic comments on classroom routines rather than providing an account of their teaching practices. In this conceptual paper, we draw on a range of literature and studies to argue that the value of WIL would be greatly enhanced if pre-service teachers and their mentors discuss both the visible classroom routines and the less visible reasoning that inform the pedagogic choices that teachers make. This focus on pedagogic reasoning could foreground both the principled knowledge base that teachers need, as well as the contextual responsiveness and ethical orientations needed to become a specialised knower within the teaching profession. WIL therefore needs to provide pre-service teachers with explicit, structured opportunities to consider how the teachers they observe enact their teaching and why. They also need to articulate the pedagogic choices they make in the design and delivery of their own lessons. We argue that structuring WIL as a space in which to recognise and engage in forms of pedagogic reasoning addresses some of the challenges of the uneven quality of student learning identified in research on WIL in the South African context.
Coping in complex, changing classroom contexts: An investigation of the bases of pre-service teachers' pedagogic reasoning
Authors: Langsford Dale
Published: December 2021

Despite its central role in enabling professional judgements and decision-making in teaching, pedagogic reasoning is a slippery concept and difficult to pin down. Although pedagogic reasoning is understood to inform all aspects of teaching practice, we still do not know what pedagogic reasoning looks like. In this article, I present a conceptual tool, using concepts from Legitimation Code Theory (Maton, 2014), to explore analytically the differences between the abstraction and context-embeddedness of ideas expressed in the pedagogic reasoning of a sample of pre-service teachers. I argue that pre-service teachers who are able to draw on specialised concepts associated with context-independent principles, may be in a better position to distinguish the "formal elements" from the "material elements" of teaching (Morrow, 2005, p. 98). Being able to make this distinction is likely, I argue, to set pre-service teachers up to cope in complex changing classroom contexts.
"I haven't had the fun that is portrayed": First-year student expectations and experiences of starting at university
Authors: Moosa Moeniera , Langsford Dale
Published: December 2021

Prospective students have both expectations and anxieties about what their imminent university experiences might entail. In this study, we compare first-year students' expectations with their experiences of being included and excluded while settling into university life. Our participants in this qualitative phenomenological research study were 322 first-year students. We use insights from social and pedagogic inclusion to critique Tinto's (1983) model of the transition of students from schooling to higher education settings. The findings indicate that participants experienced mastery of knowledge, procedures, and structures of the institution as a point of exclusion almost 8% more than they expected. The participants also experienced personal disposition and relationships to be a point of exclusion 24% less than they expected. We recommend that university orientation programmes place more focus on the academic expectations of university since this was an aspect on which participants did not focus much. In addition, these findings also have implications for how universities conceptualise and implement the move to online learning which is often viewed as the solution to increasing access to higher education.
OSTEOARTRİT YÖNETİMİ, YAŞAM KALİTESİ VE HEMŞİRENİN DESTEKLEYİCİ ROLÜ
Authors: KARATAŞ Tuğba , YILMAZ Evre , POLAT Ülkü
Published: December 2021

Osteoartrit tüm dünyada en yaygın görülen kas-iskelet

sistemi hastalıklarından biridir. Özellikle vücut ağırlığını

taşımakla sorumlu olan kalça, diz, ayak gibi eklemlerde

oluşan progresif enflamatuar deformatif süreç

beraberinde ağrı, hareket kısıtlılığı, fonksiyonel kısıtlanma

gibi yaşam kalitesini de olumsuz etkileyen pek

çok semptomun ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır.

Osteoartrit hastalarında fiziksel sorunların yanı sıra

depresyon, anksiyete, umutsuzluk, sosyal izolasyon

gibi pek çok psikososyal sorunlar da görülebilmektedir.

Osteoartritin yönetimi, bu sorunların kapsamlı bir

şekilde değerlendirilmesini, akut alevlenmelerin azaltılmasını,

komplikasyonların önlenmesini ve ilerlemesini

geciktirmeyi sağlayarak yaşam kalitesini optimize

etmeye odaklanır. Bu amaçla hastalara uygun farmakolojik

ve farmakolojik olmayan girişimleri uygulama

ve öz yönetimlerinin desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Bu nedenle, sağlık profesyonellerinden hemşirelerin

osteoartrit hastasına bütüncül yaklaşması, hastaların

yaşam kalitesi başta olmak üzere yaşamın tüm boyutlarında

optimal iyilik halini sürdürmeye yönelik girişimleri

önem arz etmektedir.
ICC_Multiome_protocol v1
Authors: Sun Yang , Gordon Gracie , Ye Jimmie , Kushnoor Divyashree
Published: December 2021

Purpose To detail the workflow for Multiome coassay of 20 PBMC samples with 3 technicians using 10X Next GEM Single Cell Multiome ATAC + Gene Expression Kit Please refer to the attached template as mentioned in the protocol
Phubbing, Clima Familiar y Autoestima en Adolescentes Peruanos en el Contexto del Aislamiento Social
Authors: Tacca Huamán Daniel Rubén , Cuarez Cordero Renzo , Tacca Huamán Ana Luisa
Published: December 2021

La interacción social es pieza fundamental en el desarrollo del ser humano; sin embargo, los teléfonos inteligentes y el internet vienen cambiando la forma cómo los adolescentes interactúan con sus pares y familias. Es por ello, que en el contexto del aislamiento social por Covid-19, es importante conocer la relación entre el phubbing, el clima familiar y la autoestima de los adolescentes. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, correlacional, no experimental y participaron 322 adolescentes de la ciudad de Lima, Perú. El phubbing se relaciona negativamente con la autoestima          (-.47) y con el clima familiar (-.48). Se evidenció una correlación positiva y grande entre la autoestima y el clima familiar (.51); además, no se encontró diferencias significativas según género, edad, tipo de escuela o modalidad de estudio. El phubbing y la autoestima presentaron resultados diversos según el tipo de familia. Finalmente, se observó que la cantidad de horas de conexión al móvil se relaciona negativamente con la autoestima y el clima familiar, pero de manera positiva con el phubbing. En conclusión, las conductas asociadas al phubbing se relacionan negativamente con el clima familiar y con la autoestima; convirtiendo al phubbing en un peligro para el desarrollo de los adolescentes.
BLOCKCHAIN COMES TO UKRAINE
Authors: Yekhanurov Yu.I. , Yekhanurov D.Yu.
Published: December 2021

he article considers the possibilities of the implementation of blockchain technologies to increase the competitiveness of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study the problems and prospects for the introduction of blockchain technologies in Ukraine. The existing approaches to the legislative definition of the concept of cryptocurrencies are considered and systematized. The available proposals for defining the concept of such cryptocurrency in Ukraine, as well as differences in approaches are analyzed. Today, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine should choose the authority that will regulate the circulation of cryptocurrency in the country. The definition of such authority depends on the choice of approach to the interpretation of cryptocurrencies. If cryptocurrencies are recognized as a means of payment, they must be regulated by the National Bank of Ukraine, and if they are an asset, by the National Securities and Stock Market Commission. The potential consequences of each of the above decisions are analyzed. It is substantiated why cryptocurrencies should be treated as an asset. Variants of implementation of blockchain technologies after introduction of legislative changes are investigated. Further ways of the development of blockchain technologies in Ukraine are offered.

Findings. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine needs to finalize the draft law №3637 "On Virtual Assets", which will designate the NSSMC as the body that regulates the circulation of cryptocurrencies in Ukraine. In further defining the legislative framework for the sector Verkhovna Rada should take into account the following recommendations:

- not to prohibit and not to introduce excessive regulation of blockchain technologies;

- not to provide amateurish and populist recommendations to business representatives;

- not to put bold experiments on critical elements of the state infrastructure;

- carefully study the initiatives of the Ministry of Finance, as this department managed to gather highly qualified specialists;

- listen to the recommendation of a representative of the public, in particular to the representatives of Blockchain-Ukraine Association and the relevant parliamentary association in Verkhovna Rada.

The complex world requires extraordinary efforts to find difficult solutions.
Selected Aspects of the FEM-Based Numerical Modelling of Current Propagation in the Resistance Multispot Cruciform Welding of Bars
Authors: Stępień Mariusz , Mikno Zygmunt
Published: December 2021

The article presents selected aspects of the FEM-based analysis concerning resistance welding processes performed using multispot welding systems. The analysis was based on a three-spot welding machine used for the joining bars in the cruciform configuration. Both two and three-dimensional modelling was performed as the comparative analysis of two computing software packages, i.e. the commercial ANSYS Mechanical software package and the ARTAP software package, available on an open access basis. The research work involved the determination of current propagation in various welding process configurations as well as the identification of the percentage loss of welding current and power resulting from the bridging of current by neighbouring welds. The article discusses the effect of the method of the power supply and the earthing of the system of electrodes along with the welded material on the manner of current propagation. The analyses presented in the article were performed in relation to the DC power supply (inverter welding machine). Related calculations were performed using averaged (in terms of heat and resistance) material parameters.
High-Speed Friction Welding as an Innovative Technology for Joining Solenoid Valve Elements Made of Steel Grades 11SMnPb37 and 11SMn37
Authors: Miara Damian , Matusiak Jolanta , Pietras Adam , Świetlik Mateusz
Published: December 2021

High-speed friction welding (HSFW) is a solid-state joining process involving the use of friction heat emitted during the technological process. The application of the HSFW technology enables the fast and repeatable making of joints characterised by favourable properties. The article presents tests concernin the development of the HSFW-based technology enabling the joining of solenoid valve elements made of two grades of free-cutting steel, i.e. 11SMnPb37 and 11SMn37. The article also discusses the course of technological tests, the making of a test rig, the determination of ranges of technological parameters and selected test results concerning welded joints.
Postmodernity in Russian Private Law: Interaction of Legal and Judicial Doctrine
Authors: Bogdanov D. E.
Published: December 2021

The presented paper aims at revealing the essence of legal and judicial doctrine in Russian private law. The paper criticizes the position that the legal doctrine is an authoritative opinion of scientists expressed in the form of principles, theories, and concepts. This approach to legal doctrine is amorphous. Legal doctrine is a unified concept based on specific methodological foundations and developing conclusions that are in systemic unity. The legal doctrine toolkit is the alpha and omega of law. An interdisciplinary approach to the study of legal phenomena should be based on the categorical apparatus of legal doctrine, on the general doctrine of the essence and purpose of law. The result of an interdisciplinary study should be a rethinking and filling with new content of the tools already developed by the legal doctrine. The work scrutinizes the functions of legal doctrine: description of existing law (de lege lata); development of proposals for its improvement (de lege ferenda); justification and legitimization of novels. The paper concludes that the modern civil doctrine can be revealed through the postmodern concept of the rhizome, since the doctrine is becoming more international, interdisciplinary and creative. The author investigates the triad of functions of judicial doctrine, namely interpretation, addition and correction of law. It is proved that social and technological challenges predetermine the emergence of judicial doctrines aimed at rethinking and interpreting positive law, its addition and correction. The author concludes that the evolution of private law is based on the dialectical unity of legal and judicial doctrine, each of which implements its functional triad.
Compensation for Harm Caused to the Consumer's Health according to the Norms on Product Liability: Principal Directions for Improving Russian Legislation based on the Results of a Study of Foreign Experience
Authors: Kolesnichenko O. V.
Published: December 2021

Despite the fact that cases of harm caused as a result of defects in goods, works and services represent the third most common special type of tort in Russia, with which claims for compensation for health damage are associated, the legislation does not provide additional insurance means of protection for the consumer. In judicial practice, the problems of determining the basis of tort liability for such harm, its nature and size according to Article 1086 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation remain relevant. Foreign experience shows that many of these problems can be solved through the introduction of special evidentiary tests and the development of norms on product liability, the use of institutes of insurance of the risk of harm and liability. The paper presents a comparative legal study of the procedure and conditions for compensation for the harm caused to consumer health in Russia and foreign countries. Special attention is given to the fundamental differences between the American and European models of legal regulation of these relations. The author studied the most indicative approaches to determining the causal relationship between the defect of the goods and the damage caused, calculating the amount of compensation, understanding the defect of the goods and its legal consequences. The goals and objectives of the study are to identify and analyze the problems of legal regulation of compensation for harm caused to consumer health in Russia, study foreign experience and identify fundamentally significant areas of improvement of Russian legislation in this area. The expediency of establishing in the domestic legislation special presumptions of the presence of a defect in the goods, the origin of harm from such a defect for cases of causing damage to health during the operation of certain categories of goods is justified, a set of conditions is given, under which such a step may become possible. The prospects for the development and implementation of insurance methods of compensation for harm in this area, including mandatory no-fault insurance, are determined.
Reseña del libro: Educar la inteligencia sensible
Authors: Silvestre-Miralles Alicia
Published: December 2021

La obra reseñada constituye una respuesta exhaustiva a la queja habitual de que “los hijos vienen sin manual de instrucciones”. Basándose en su amplia trayectoria como educador, pedagogo e investigador, Luis Manuel Martínez presenta una aproximación a la sensibilidad bajo el término que define como "inteligencia sensible".
Long term effects of burn injury on health-related quality of life of adult burn survivors in Iceland: a descriptive cross-sectional study and validation of the Icelandic version of the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B)
Authors:   Landspitali - National University Hospital of Iceland, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Baldursdóttir Lovísa , Zoega Sigríður ,   Landspitali - National University Hospital of Iceland, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Auðólfsson Gunnar ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Landspítali, Friðriksdóttir Vigdís , Sigurjónsson Siguður Ýmir ,   Landspitali - National University Hospital of Iceland,   Hrafnista, old people´s home, Ingadóttir Brynja ,   Landspitali - National University Hospital of Iceland, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the long-term effects of burn injury on the health-related quality of life of adult burn survivors in Iceland and to validate the translated Icelandic version of the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The participants of this descriptive cross-sectional study were all burn survivors, 18 years or older, admitted to hospital for 24 hours or more because of skin burn during a 15 years period (N=196). They completed questionnaire about their health (BSHS-B), health related quality of life (EQ-5D-5) and additional questions on burn-related symptoms and their burn experience. RESULTS: Response rate was 34% (N=66). Men were 77%, mean age 45.7 years (sf=18.3 and range 18-82 years), mean age when burned was 34.0 (sf=20,1, range 1-75), median time from burn accident was 11.5 years (range 1-44 years) and 32% had been burned when under 18 years of age. Burn-specific health was 4.4-4.0 (median) and health on the EQ5D-5vas scale was 80 (median, range 10-100). Those who lost a body part or had skin transplantation had more negative body image and needed more selfcare than others (p<0.05). A significant proportion of participants reported physical and psychosocial symptoms such as itch (48%), persistent pain (37%), anxiety/depression (29%) and negative self-image (37%). Majority (67%) believed they did not get enough information, follow-up, or support after discharge from hospital. The Icelandic version of the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B) was reliable, but more research is needed to establish its validity. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that most Icelandic burn survivors report acceptable health and health-related quality of life. The study identified a subgroup of survivors that experience persistent physical and psychosocial symptoms. Team approach with holistic support after discharge, for a prolonged period of time aiming at preventing physical and psychiatric morbidity, is recommended.
A Covid-19 betegség, a tápláltsági állapot és a dysphagia összefüggései, kiemelten a stroke-betegek esetében
Authors: Kovács Andrea , Szabó Pál Tamás , Folyovich András
Published: December 2021

A Covid-19 betegséget okozó új koronavírus, a SARS-CoV-2, súlyos akut respirációs distressz szindrómához vezethet (ARDS), komoly kihívás elé állítva az egészségügyi ellátórendszert, kiemelten az intenzív terápiás ellátást. Az általában magas életkorú és számtalan társbeteg­ség­gel küzdő neurológiai betegek kiemelten veszélyeztetettek az új koronavírus állapotukra és táplálkozási képességükre gyakorolt hatása révén. A stroke vezető helyen áll a beteg­ség morbiditási és mortalitási adatai alapján, így a Covid-19 betegség és a heveny agyi érkatasztrófa miatt bekövetkezett dysphagiára és annak szövődményeire is kiemelt figyelem irányul. A stroke akut szakaszában a betegek 30–50%-a szenved nyelészavarban, mely 6 hónappal később is még 10%-os prevalenciát mutat. A dysphagia következtében csökkent vagy elégtelen folyadék- és tápanyagfelvétel, kiegészülve az inaktivitással, malnutritióhoz és sarcopeniához vezet, mely rontja az általános állapotot, kimenetelt és a rehabilitáció hatásfokát. A nyelészavar szűrése és korai felismerése az alapja a személyre szabott és időben elkezdett táplálásterápiás stratégia kialakításának. A táplálásterápiának kiemelt szerepe van a Covid-19 betegség következtében gyakori intenzív terápiás ellátásban, növeli a gyógyulási esélyeket és csökkenti az intenzív osztályon tartózkodás hosszát és a mortalitást. Ez különösen igaz a prolongált lélegeztetésre szoruló, kritikus állapotú betegek esetében. Az igazolt Covid-19-betegek esetében a dysphagia szűrésének, az ágy melletti felmérésnek és műszeres vizsgálatnak, majd a nyelés rehabilitációjának kiemelt jelentősége van. A stroke lehet a Covid-19-fertőzés szövődménye is. A cerebrovascularis betegek ellátása is alkal­maz­kodott a pandémiához, a „triázsolás” rendszerszintűvé vált, és új megvilágításba került a stroke-betegek dysphagiaszűrése és az arra adaptált táplálásterápia egyaránt.