bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kakovost življenja starostnikov z depresijo v domskem varstvu
Authors: Pap Zoltan , Habjanič Ana , Belović Branislava
Published: March 2015

Uvod: Starostno obdobje spremljajo številne spremembe, ki povečajo starostnikovo ranljivost in hkrati oblikujejo značilne simptome depresije ter vplivajo na kakovost življenja. Namen raziskave je ugotoviti razlike v kakovosti življenja, vključevanju v družabne aktivnosti in samooceni zdravja starostnikov z depresijo in starostnikov brez depresije. Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kvantitativni metodologiji. Vključenih je bilo 138 oseb, od tega 69 oseb z depresivno motnjo in 69 oseb brez depresivne motnje. Podatki so bili pridobljeni z osebnim anketiranjem starostnikov, ki so bili stanovalci izbranih domov za starejše občane v Pomurju. Uporabljen je bil vprašalnik EuroQol-5D (Euro Quality of life – 5 Dimension), zanesljivost je bila dobra (r = 0,86). Raziskava je potekala oktobra 2013. Pridobljeni podatki so bili obdelani v statističnem programu IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 19.0. Za testiranje hipotez je bil uporabljen test hi-kvadrat. Rezultati: Rezultati pokažejo, da je kakovost življenja depresivnih anketirancev značilno slabša (p < 0,001) kot kakovost življenja anketirancev brez depresije. Anketiranci z depresijo se značilno manj (p < 0,005) vključujejo v družabne aktivnosti. Prav tako je samoocena zdravja anketirancev z depresijo, prikazana z vizualno analogno lestvico, značilno slabša (p < 0,001). Diskusija in zaključek: Depresija povzroča hudo poslabšanje kakovosti življenja obolelih oseb. Starostniki z depresijo, ki bivajo v domskem varstvu, pogosteje opuščajo aktivnosti, za katere bi bili še zmožni, in se manj vključujejo v družabne aktivnosti. Več pozornosti je potrebno nameniti za ohranjanje obstoječih sposobnosti starostnikov in tako ohraniti posameznikov občutek lastne učinkovitosti in zadovoljstva.
Nursing students' perceptions of knowledge: an international perspective
Authors: Pahor Majda , Domajnko Barbara , Lindahl Elisabeth
Published: March 2015

Introduction: Nursing education in Europe is undergoing the development toward greater comparability under the Bologna process. Based on our mutual experiences from teaching in Slovenia and Sweden, the students' perspectives on knowledge and nursing practice became an issue. The aim was to explore Slovenian and Swedish undergraduate nursing students' perceptions of knowledge needed for future practice.
Methods: A qualitative study design was applied. A questionnaire with open ended questions was used to collect opinions of 174 nursing students from the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, and 109 nursing students from the University of Umea, Sweden. Textual data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.
Results: Four subcategories were identified, related to the content of knowledge: knowledge about 'bodies and diseases', about 'people and communication'; and to its purpose: 'to do nursing' and 'to be a nurse'. The main theme, 'integration', indicated the students' awareness of the complexity of their future work and the need for a wide integrated knowledge.
Discussion and conclusion: There were more similarities than differences between the Slovenian and Swedish students included in the study. The students were aware of the complex responsibilities and expressed the need for integrating various competences. Interprofessional education should become a constitutive part of nursing education programmes.
'Mercy killing': when is it justified, and what is the nurse's ethical responsibility?
Authors: Kiger Alice
Published: March 2015

.
The Causal Relationship Between Government Revenue And Expenditure In Serbia
Authors: Luković Stevan , Grbić Milka
Published: March 2015

This paper studies the causal relationship between government revenue and government expenditure in Serbia, using quarterly data for the 2003 (Q1) - 2012 (Q4) period. In addition to the theoretical arguments regarding this causality, extensive empirical literature is also available. The problem of the fiscal deficit has been a significant burden for the economic system of Serbia for a number of years. Therefore, the relationship between government revenue and government expenditure represents an important issue that should be studied empirically in order to draw certain conclusions. In this paper, the Toda-Yamamoto long-run non-causality method is used to determine whether the causal relationship between government revenue and government expenditure exists in Serbia. The application of this method confirms the existence of a unidirectional (one-way) causality running from government expenditure to government revenue, which means that government expenditure Granger-causes government revenue.
The Challenges Of Defining And Implementing Corporate Restructuring Programs
Authors: Stošić Ivan
Published: March 2015

The main objective of this paper is to present problems which get in the way of the implementation of planned structural changes brought about by restructuring. This is a very complex matter and a problem which currently troubles Serbia, considering the large number of enterprises which need to be restructured. As opposed to the practice of most developed countries, and even some transitional countries, with intense restructuring processes, these processes have been rather slow in Serbia. However, restructuring is becoming inevitable for a significant number of domestic enterprises. In some enterprises, restructuring needs to be implemented through the bankruptcy and liquidation procedure since there really are no grounds that support their assistance in the form of subsidies, which will indefinitely prolong their unprofitable operations without any chance for success in the market. Still, enterprises with a chance for success in the market can go a long way with the help of aggressive restructuring. With this in mind, the paper outlines some directions for development of corporate restructuring implementation plans.
The Impact Of Exchange Rate Pass-Through On Serbian Export Competitiveness
Authors: Marković Ivan , Marković Milan
Published: March 2015

The permanent existence of inflation in Serbia adversely affects achievement of macroeconomic stability. Its effects are reflected in a decrease in the real exchange rate, low price competitiveness of exports and deterioration in the balance of payments. The real exchange rate is an instrument which shows that in conditions of faster growth rate in a country than abroad, the domestic economy can't be competitive in the international market. Implementation of appropriate exchange rate regime inevitably leads to problems of exchange rate changes on import prices and inflation. The research aims to demonstrate the interdependence of inflation and depreciation, and the fact that the general price level increase is a main factor that hinders the realization of the positive effects of the national currency depreciation. Unstable monetary situation in the country undermines the goal of stimulating exports through an increase in the nominal exchange rate and by reducing export prices in foreign currency. Export becomes uncompetitive, while the depreciation of the national currency is quickly spread to inflation through the exchange rate pass-through.
Synthesis of hydroxylated tryptanthrins as possible metabolites and characterization
Authors: Kim Dong Hyeon , Karim Moinul , Lu Yang , Jahng Yurngdong
Published: March 2015

A series of dihydroxytryptanthrins was prepared by the reaction of a suitably substituted isatoic anhydride and isatin as possible metabolites of tryptanthrin. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the synthetic compounds confirmed that 8,9-dihydroxytryptanthrin is the metabolite isolated from rat liver cytosolic metabolites. Although tryptanthrin shows strong cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines, none of the hydroxylated tryptanthrins exhibit any significant cytotoxicity against selected human cancer cell lines up to 50 μm.
Self-reconfigurable control architecture for complex mobile robots
Authors: Frost Jan , Stechele Walter , Maehle Erik
Published: March 2015

Advanced mobile robot systems need to accomplish increasingly complex
task sets. However, to solve demanding problems, they are typically
optimized to a very restricted set of tasks and environments. This
work will therefore propose a self-reconfigurable software and
hardware architecture to allow the dynamic optimization of a robot
system depending on the current situation, i. e. the current task,
the robot inner state, and the environment. The proposed framework is
based on organic computing principles and unsupervised machine
learning techniques. It further uses dynamically reconfigurable Field
Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) as hardware accelerators. Preliminary
results will be presented, which demonstrate the feasibility of the
self-reconfiguration approach.
An overview on framework design for autonomous robots
Authors: Reichardt Max , Föhst Tobias , Berns Karsten
Published: March 2015

Robotic software frameworks have major impact on development effort
and quality of robot control systems. This paper provides a condensed
overview on the complex topic of robotic framework design. Important
areas of design are discussed – together with design principles
applied in state-of-the-art solutions. They are related to software
quality attributes with a brief discussion on their impact. Based on
this analysis, the approaches taken in the framework Finroc are
briefly presented.
The robot software framework ArmarX
Authors: Vahrenkamp Nikolaus , Wächter Mirko , Kröhnert Manfred , Welke Kai , Asfour Tamim
Published: March 2015

With ArmarX we introduce a robot programming environment that has been developed in order to ease the realization of higher level capabilities needed by complex robotic systems such as humanoid robots.
ArmarX is built upon the idea that consistent disclosure of the system state strongly facilitates the development process of distributed robot applications.
We show the applicability of ArmarX by introducing a robot architecture for a humanoid system and discuss essential aspects based on an exemplary pick and place task.
With several tools that are provided by the ArmarX framework, such as graphical user interfaces (GUI) or statechart editors, the programmer is enabled to efficiently build and inspect component based robotics software systems.
Data analysis at scale
Authors: Gemulla Rainer
Published: March 2015

My research focuses on methods to analyze and mine
large datasets as well as their practical realizations and applications. The
key question of interest to me is: How can we effectively and efficiently
distill useful information from large, complex, and potentially noisy
datasets? To approach this question, we are developing systems for scalable
data analysis and data mining, for working with incomplete and noisy data, for
data-intensive optimization, as well as for extracting structured information
from natural-language text. This article highlights some of my work in these
areas.
An overview of dynamic resource scheduling on graphics processors
Authors: Steinberger Markus
Published: March 2015

In this paper, we present a series of scheduling approaches targeted for massively parallel architectures, which in combination allow a wider range of algorithms to be executed on modern graphics processors. At first, we describe a new processing model which enables the efficient execution of dynamic, irregular workloads.
Then, we present the currently fastest queuing algorithm for graphics processors, the most efficient dynamic memory allocator for massively parallel architectures, and the only autonomous scheduler for graphics processing units that can dynamically support different granularities of parallelism.
Finally, we show how these scheduling approaches help to advance the
state-of-the-art in the rendering, visualization and procedural modeling.
Ukraine Crisis 2014: A Study of Russian-Western Strategic Interaction
Authors: Ericson Richard E. , Zeager Lester A.
Published: March 2015

This paper presents an analysis of the Ukrainian crisis of 2014 through the lens of the Theory of Moves as formalized by [Willson, S.J., (1998), Long-term Behavior in the Theory of Moves, Theory and Decision, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 201–240]. It derives the equilibrium (ultimate outcome) states under various assumptions about Western and Russian preferences over outcomes. The “paths” of their generation, i.e., the sequences of strategic choices made by each side, are also explored, casting light on the structure of incentives guiding behavior in the conflict, and perhaps predicting what the actual outcome will be when the world moves beyond this crisis. Incomplete information on preferences prevents derivation of a unique prediction of the outcome of the crisis, but the analysis enables us to substantially narrow the range of possibilities.
Neuroprotective effects of hydrogen sulfide and the underlying signaling pathways
Authors: Chen Wen-Lin , Niu Ying-Ying , Jiang Wei-Zheng , Tang Hui-Lan , Zhang Chong , Xia Qi-Ming , Tang Xiao-Qing
Published: March 2015

Hydrogen sulfide (H
Astroglial control of neuroinflammation: TLR3-mediated dsRNA-sensing pathways are in the focus
Authors: Salmina Alla B. , Komleva Yulia K. , Lopatina Olga L. , Kuvacheva Natalia V. , Gorina Yana V. , Panina Yulia A. , Uspenskaya Yulia A. , Petrova Marina M. , Demko Irina V. , Zamay Anna S. , Malinovskaya Natalia A.
Published: March 2015

Neuroinflammation is as an important component of pathogenesis in many types of brain pathology. Immune mechanisms regulate neuroplasticity, memory formation, neurogenesis, behavior, brain development, cognitive functions, and brain metabolism. It is generally believed that essential homeostatic functions of astrocytes – astroglia-neuron metabolic coupling, gliovascular control, regulation of proliferation, and migration of cells in the neurogenic niches – are compromised in neuroinflammation resulting in excitotoxicity, neuronal and glial cell death, and alterations of intercellular communication. Viral neuroinfection, release of non-coding RNAs from the cells at the sites of brain injury or degeneration, and application of siRNA or RNA aptamers as therapeutic agents would require dsRNA-sensing pathways in the cells of neuronal and non-neuronal origin. In this review, we analyze the data regarding the role of astrocytes in dsRNA-initiated innate immune response in neuroinflammation and their contribution to progression of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental pathology.
Harnessing the unconscious mind of the consumer: How implicit attitudes predict pre-conscious visual attention to carbon footprint information on products
Authors: Beattie Geoffrey , McGuire Laura
Published: March 2015

Consumers clearly have a role to play in the global fight against climate change, since even relatively small changes in patterns of household consumption could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. But what evidence is there that consumers do consider the environmental impacts of products when shopping? Indeed, how psychologically salient the carbon footprint labels that are now appearing on a range of products in various countries? Here we test the psychological salience of this information using eye tracking to identify, on a frame-by-frame basis, individual fixations on various features of the packaging, including carbon footprint. We found that the mean fixation level for carbon footprint was 12.2%, indicating it was indeed as salient as other important features. High or low levels of carbon footprint had no significant effect on gaze fixation. We also found no significant relationship between self-reported attitudes to low carbon products and overall level of fixation, nor was there any significant relationship between implicit attitude and level of fixation. But implicit attitude did significantly impact on the point of first fixation, in that those with a strong positive implicit attitude were significantly more likely to fixate first on carbon footprint information. This suggests that carbon labelling could potentially be effective for
Tying in comment sections: The production of meaning and sense on Facebook
Authors: Frobenius Maximiliane , Harper Richard
Published: March 2015

This study investigates the organization of interaction through comments on the social networking site Facebook. Facebook offers a range of affordances that allow communication between users. These include written language in various settings (messaging, commenting, posting), as well as a range of non-verbal resources, such as uploading photos, sharing links, the “like”-button. Our analysis focuses on the post+commenting section, which users treat as a quasi-conversational space. Much as conversation is organized through the sequential unfolding of turns through time, the interaction in the comments section is organized according to a pattern that lets users “make sense” of the communication as a coherent exchange. This comment organizing mechanism, which is enacted through tying practices, operates on written language rather than spoken, and so needs to accommodate different affordances than turn-taking does: it has to be able to co-ordinate contributions not just through time, but through space as well. The theoretical significance of this research then is its exploration of a complex mechanism that is used by humans to maintain social order through writing and reading practices. In particular, it takes into account how the context of the website shapes people's communication through the resources made available.
A semiotic study on modality in Chinese Criminal Law and its English version
Authors: Li Li
Published: March 2015

This paper is a semiotic study on modality in Chinese Criminal Law (CCL) and its English version from the perspective of Halliday's Systemic-Functional Grammar, Saussure's semiotic study, and Chinese semantic and pragmatic characteristics. The research aims to investigate what signifieds are used as modal expressions in CCL and its English version, the characteristics of their distribution, types (modalization and modulation), and values (high, median, and low), and the functions they serve in CCL and its English version. By probing the signified of modal expressions concerning types and values, the results turn quite positive that the signified used as modal expression of obligation and commands in English version of CCL are mostly realized by modal verbs of high value, the attitudes of permission by modal verbs of low value, the meaning of probability and ability used to be delivered by modal verbs of low value, and the prohibition of illegal acts used to apply modality of high value in negative form. Much importance should be attached to the functional study of modality to appropriately understand the signified of modality in Chinese legislations and its English translation.
Language, communication, and speech: Human signs in global semiosis
Authors: Petrilli Susan
Published: March 2015

The main topics in this essay are reported in the section titles: Moving towards global semiotics; Encounters; Terminological issues and semiotic horizons; On biosemiotics and its recent history; Signs and life, the Gaia hypothesis; Signs and non-signs; Icon, index and symbol; Speech, language, and modelling; Communication and speech; Communication among others; Homologies and analogies in zoosemiosis; Totality and otherness; Otherness and nomination; Semiosis with language and semiosis without language. This theoretical excursus concludes with an interview with Professor Sebeok from the mid-1980s, here published in English for the first time.
Writers and their readers
Authors: Lakuš Jelena
Published: March 2015

In most of the Western European countries the late 18th and the early 19th centuries were marked by significant changes in the field of book production, reading habits and reading culture in general. These changes resulted, among other things, in a growing number of readers and their significance. Although some changes in reading habits occurred in Dalmatia, albeit to a limited extent and with less influence on society as a whole, the reading public (though quite restricted in terms of its number) gained great significance in this region too, particularly in the early 19th century, marked by the growing national sentiment all around Europe. The importance of the reading public was the most evident in a more and more widespread model of collective sponsorship, which in the social history of book had not attracted the necessary attention among Croats. This new publishing and library phenomenon implied a system of subscription and gradually replaced a long-established model of individual funding. Based on the research on book production in all the three Dalmatian printing and publishing centres - Zadar, Split and Dubrovnik - in the period from 1815 till 1850 - the aim of this paper is to show that the phenomenon of collective sponsorship can be regarded as a new relationship between a writer and his/her readers, which gradually began to emerge. The author analyses the intensity of the system of subscription, reasons for its increasingly widespread use, as well as the ways and context of its practice. First, the paper discusses the problems which writers (as well as publishers and printers) faced while attempting to obtain financial support. Second, the paper shows the writers’ efforts to attract as many subscribers as possible, usually by constant appeals for subscription published in newspapers and journals of the period. Third, the paper suggests that finding subscribers became particularly important in the early 19th century, when many writers tended to support the national welfare by their nationally imbued writings, usually but not exclusively written in the vernacular. They cherished the idea of considering the collective sponsorship the greatest expression of patriotism, particularly from the late 1840s when both the appeals for subscription and books with accompanying subscription lists became more common. The paper also gives an insight into the authorship and character of the books with subscription lists as well as a general insight into the body of their subscribers. Finally, the paper concludes that in spite of the fact that one can hardly identify a motive for subscription for each subscriber (which can be done only by consulting a series of other sources), patriotism was definitely the most frequent one, in tune with the overall national spirit of the early 19th century.
From statistical bibliography to bibliometrics
Authors: Pehar Franjo
Published: March 2015

The author’s intention in this paper is to inform the broader public of the historical development and major concepts of bibliometrics as an area of quantitative study of written communication, which today applies a set of modern methods and techniques of high-level statistical and mathematical formalization.

Statistical and other quantitative concepts, models and methods have taken on increasing importance over the past decades and aroused the interest of researchers from disciplines in the humanities and social sciences to the study of various phenomena in their own fields of study by using nomotetic practices aimed at the general search for ideographic principles derived from individual cases. Different scientific fields have developed separate subdisciplines to try to quantify and measure the different variables of (non)material world, for example the quantification of mental activities within psychometrics, feelings and interpersonal relationships in sociometrics, empirical evidence of economic principles in econometrics, the application of economic theories and techniques in the study of social and economic history in cliometrics, the quantitative study of sets of bibliographic records of human creativity within bibliometrics.
Organizacijske pretpostavke zaštite knjižne baštine u samostanskim knjižnicama
Authors: Krtalić Maja , Čop Tihomira , Hasenay Damir
Published: March 2015

Svrha ovoga rada jest istražiti problematiku zaštite pisane baštine u samostanskim knjižnicama unutar legislativnih, institucionalnih i organizacijskih okvira te utvrditi nužne organizacijske pretpostavke za njezino poboljšanje. Polazeći od pretpostavke da je knjižna građa pohranjena u samostanskim knjižnicama građa od iznimne kulturne vrijednosti te kao takva ima svojstva kulturnog dobra i dio je hrvatske nacionalne pisane baštine, u radu se propituje prepoznavanje potrebe za sustavnim pristupom njezinoj zaštiti na operativnoj razini, unutar samih knjižnica, kao i na strateškoj razini, od strane nadležnih i drugih relevantnih ustanova u Republici Hrvatskoj. Uz analizu pravnog i institucionalnog okvira djelovanja samostanskih knjižnica te projekata zaštite građe pohranjene u njima, provedene su i tri studije slučaja knjižnica franjevačkih samostana u Mostaru, Požegi i Zadru, intervjui s njihovim voditeljima te intervju s ispitanikom u Hrvatskom zavodu za knjižničarstvo. Rad se konceptualno temelji na teorijskom modelu upravljanja zaštitom pisane baštine u RH te se na temelju prikupljenih podataka i oslanjajući se na model definira postojeće stanje zaštite građe u samostanskim knjižnicama te se predlažu potrebne mjere za sustavnije i učinkovitije upravljanje zaštitom pisane baštine u samostanskim knjižnicama.
Information revolutions and spreading of communication channels
Authors: Papić Anita , Jakopec Tomislav , Mičunović Miljana
Published: March 2015

The paper provides an overview of the so-called information revolutions, with a special emphasis on the spreading of communication channels. The notion 'information revolution' is used conditionally – not in the sense of disruptive changes in communication models, but in the sense of expansion of communication possibilities.
The revolutions were identified using Irving E. Fang's criteria. He defined six revolutions: writing, printing, mass media, using media for entertainment, the 'toolshed' (now called 'home'), and the Information Highway. The paper presents the basic media in each of the revolutions, questions the very current issues of convergence (as some modern scholars consider the term convergence to be more appropriate than the term revolution), and divergence of media, and special attention is paid to the social context that lead to particular revolutions.
The central conclusion is that information revolutions were not the time of replacing the old media with the new, but the times of condensation of communication possibilities. During those times the new media joined the existing types, not replacing them but co-existing. They faded out gradually or disappeared only over extended periods of time.
Book Reviews
Authors: Jukić Iva , Kuharić Ines , Mihaljević Lucija , Horvat Maja , Krstanović Tanja , Perić Ivona , Basić Marina , Bošnjak Ana , Musić Diana
Published: March 2015

Zrinjka Peruško, ur. Uvod u medije. Zagreb: Naklada Jesenski i Turk i Hrvatsko sociološko društvo, 2011. (Iva Jukić – Ines Kuharić – Lucija Mihaljević)Meta Grosman, U obranu čitanja: čitatelj i književnost u 21. stoljeću. Zagreb: Algoritam, 2010. (Maja Horvat – Tanja Krstanović – Ivona Perić)14. seminar Arhivi, knjižnice, muzeji. Mogućnosti suradnje u okruženju globalne informacijske infrastrukture. Zbornika radova. Uredili Sanjica Faletar Tanacković i Damir Hasenay. Zagreb: Hrvatsko knjižničarsko društvo, 2011. (Marina Basić – Ana Bošnjak – Diana Musić)
Analiza kazala u katekizmu fra Antuna Bačića Istina katolicsanska iz 1732. godine
Authors: Gavranović Drahomira
Published: March 2015

Cilj je rada analitički opisati kazalo u kontroverzijskom katekizmu fra Antuna Bačića Istina katolicsanska iz 1732. godine djelomično se koristeći metodologijom Hansa Wellisha primijenjenom na analizu kazala u inkunabulama i knjigama tiskanim od 16. do 18. stoljeća te usporediti navedeno kazalo s već proučenim i opisanim kazalima u knjigama iz 18. stoljeća. Cilj je, također, pokazati da je dio hrvatskih autora i tiskara pratio trendove suvremenika te da su u knjige ugrađivali kazala držeći ih važnim informacijskim pomagalom koje olakšava korištenje sadržajem samoga djela.Rad u prvom dijelu donosi kratak prikaz razvoja kazala kao informacijskog pomagala za snalaženje u knjigama, opisuju se njihova glavna obilježja te se osvrće na vrste kazala koja su se mogla pronaći u tiskanim knjigama. Drugi dio rada posvećen je samoj analizi kazala u navedenom katekizmu. Doprinos je rada dvojak – po prvi put izrađena je dubinska analiza kazala neke knjige tiskane na hrvatskom jeziku u 18. stoljeću, čime se omogućuje potvrđivanje ili opovrgavanje zaključaka donesenih na temelju istraživanja ranih hebrejskih i latinskih rukopisa te francuskih i britanskih knjiga tiskanih od 16. do 18. stoljeća. Budući da se analiza u ovom radu temeljila na samo jednoj knjizi, ostavlja se mogućnost provedbe takvog tipa istraživanja na većem korpusu hrvatskih knjiga. Također, zaključci doneseni na temelju analize jedne knjige, kontroverzijskog katekizma iz 18. stoljeća, ne mogu se generalizirati.
Jezik znanstvene komunikacije
Authors: Mičunović Milijana
Published: March 2015

Cilj je rada istražiti i predstaviti najčešće konceptualizacijske mehanizme u opažanju i opisivanju znanstvenih fenomena koji omogućuju uspješnu i učinkovitu razmjenu informacija na razini komunikacije između znanstvene zajednice i 'publike', ali i na razini komunikacije unutar same znanstvene zajednice u području informacijskih znanosti.
Primjena konceptualizacijskih mehanizama u jeziku informacijskih znanosti predstavljena je na čestim, gotovo svakodnevno korištenim pojmovima, kao što su baza podataka, gadget-utrka, informacijska arhitektura, intelektualno vlasništvo, revolucija tiska, računalni virus, umjetni život i sl. Praćeno je opažanje i opisivanje takvih pojmova kako u popularnom diskursu (primjerice na različitim mrežnim stranicama) tako i u dostupnoj znanstvenoj i stručnoj literaturi.
Rad se sastoji od četiri dijela. Nakon općenitog uvodnog dijela o jeziku znanstvene komunikacije, redom se predstavljaju teorija konceptualne metafore, teorija konceptualne integracije i znanstveni model. Svaki je konceptualizacijski mehanizam popraćen analizom konkretnih primjera iz jezika informacijskih znanosti.
Budući da je područje informacijskih znanosti pod stalnim utjecajem tehnoloških promjena i razvoja suvremene informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije, često se uočavaju novi i različiti fenomeni koji traže novi misaoni okvir u procesu opažanja te nove načine jezične artikulacije u procesu njihova opisivanja i komuniciranja znanstvenoj i neznanstvenoj publici. Temeljni je doprinos rada upravo prikaz i analiza nekolicine primjera uočenih novih misaonih okvira i novih načina jezične artikulacije u popularnom i znanstvenom diskursu jezika informacijske znanosti.
Citation analysis as a tool for evaluation of information sciences collection at the Library of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Authors: Faletar Talaković Sanjica , Junušić Martina , Faletar Ivana
Published: March 2015

The aim of this paper is to describe and critically analyse the application of citation analysis in the collection evaluation in academic libraries, and to present the results of the study. The study, first of its kind in Croatia, was carried out in the information sciences collection at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Osijek. Based on many studies from abroad done in the academic environment, the citation analysis, despite its disadvantages, proved to be a valid method for the collection of indicators of real use of (library) information sources.The study analysed citation patterns, characteristics of information sources used by respondents and the accessibility of these sources in the academic library. Its aim was also to test the method of citation analysis in the context of library collection evaluation. The samples used in this study were papers published in 2010 by the students and teachers of the Department of Information Sciences in Osijek. The data analysis showed that while students preferred electronic information sources, teachers preferred print sources. Also, periodicals and monographs were top two information types used in the compilation of studied publications. However, students used undefined type of web resources such as presentations and commercial and educational websites to a great extent. As far as accessibility of sources used is concerned, the results show that library offers access to 60% of periodicals used and approximately 25% of monographs.In order to minimize the limitations of this quantitative method and to obtain valid and reliable indicators of citation patterns and use of (library) information sources by students and teachers at the given Department, this study should be carried out longitudinally. It should also be complemented with a qualitative study (e.g. interview with teachers and students).
Luciano Floridi's theory of semantic information
Authors: Perožić Predrag
Published: March 2015

Luciano Floridi is an Italian philosopher with an Anglo-Saxon career, who started a new philosophical discipline, the philosophy of information (Floridi 2002). As opposed to most authors who deal with this subject, Floridi, in his rich opus, treats information as a broader concept. However, this paper will treat information neither as a social and ethical phenomenon, nor as information and communication technologies. The aim of the paper is to examine information as a subject of philosophical investigation.The paper gives an overview of and a comment on the theory of semantic information that Floridi presented in two core articles: Semantic Conceptions of Information (2011) and Outline of a Theory of Strongly Semantic Information (2004). The first text gives an overview of ideas that form a framework for the philosophical analysis of information and presents the main theses of Floridi’s theory of semantic information. The second text is a step away from the philosophical towards the scientific theory by using situational logic as a basis for quantification (measurement) of two dimensions of semantic information: inaccuracy and vacuity.
e-book phenomenon
Authors: Wilson Tom
Published: March 2015

The emergence of the e-book as a major phenomenon in the publishing industry is of interest, world-wide. The English language market, with Amazon.com as the major player in the market may have dominated attention, but the e-book has implications for many other languages and book markets. The pre-e-book publishing world can be seen as a system in which authors delivered texts to publishers, who evaluated, edited, printed and distributed the published text to bookshops and thence to libraries and individual readers. This process has been going on since Gutenberg’s re-invention of movable type in about 1439 (following its original invention in China in the 9th century, and the use of metallic type in Korea in 1234), in other words, for about the past 550 years. The invention of movable type was an instance of a disruptive technology: eventually putting monastic scribes out of business altogether. Similarly, the e-book has the potential to disrupt the processes for the production, distribution and use of authorial texts, and is already in the process of doing so. First, the phenomenon of self-publishing has emerged as a serious contender to the more formal process; secondly, publishers may derive significant economic benefit from the reduction in printing and distribution costs, as well as the ability to sell directly to the consumer through their own Websites; thirdly, the impact on booksellers may result in a further reduction in the number of independent stores – a decline already in process as a result of online bookselling; fourthly, user demand is resulting in libraries wrestling with the problems of how to manage e-books within their collection development and management processes; and, finally, the behaviour of readers is changing as the devices available for using e-books become more numerous and cheaper. Only someone blessed with absolute certainty in forecasting the future can know exactly how things will change, but there is little doubt that the development of the e-book will bring about substantial changes in the processes of book production, distribution and use – and many of these changes will surprise us.
Change of the reading paradigm in the age of e-book
Authors: Mozuraite Vita
Published: March 2015

Since the very end of the 20th century one can notice the rapid change of the reading paradigm. What meaning can one find in the question “do you read?” This change was influenced by development of ICT, information flood in the electronic space, growing popularity of WWW and possibility to receive information in different ways at the same time. The first mentioned factor affected even the physiology of reading, and children today read in slightly different way in comparison to adults who were introduced to computers in their adulthood. Availability of texts published on the internet raises a question, what kind of relation is between process of reading on the internet and browsing the internet. Could we say that reading a vook is the same thing as reading a book? The third factor – offering information in a few different ways – changes the speed of reading and perception of information. How all those factors can affect not only publishing and reading of books, but also the change of reading paradigm in the nearest future? This paper discusses some of these questions.
Students' information behaviour and the role of academic library
Authors: Lacković Darko
Published: March 2015

In this paper the author presented the results of some of the available studies of students' information seeking behaviour conducted in different countries. The aim of these studies was to identify information needs, sources, and types of library use by the university students from various disciplinary fields. According to the results, the majority of the respondents needed the information for academic purposes (such as papers, assignments or examinations), frequently using information sources like books, journal articles, online sources etc. For many students the internet was a very important source in finding academic materials. Most of the students received advice in finding relevant information sources from their lecturers, peers, and librarians. This paper also describes some aspects related to information seeking behaviour of young students (Generation Y, and Millennial generation) who were influenced by their peers, and had poor understanding of their information needs. They prefer quick Google search, navigation through virtual libraries and spend more time downloading the materials than utilizing e-sources. Although the academic libraries were often used only for borrowing books and using reference material or printed periodicals, it has been established that the role of academic libraries was very significant in satisfying university students’ information needs. Further research that could be done building onto the selected studies is examination of information seeking behaviour of the students between different disciplines while taking into the account various context situations in which information tasks are performed. Moreover, further studies should explore factors that affect students’ library use, and identify significance of the library instruction in improving academic library services for users.
Type 2 diabetes alters bone and marrow blood flow and vascular control mechanisms in the ZDF rat
Authors: Stabley John N , Prisby Rhonda D , Behnke Bradley J , Delp Michael D
Published: March 2015

Bone health and cardiovascular function are compromised in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to determine whether skeletal vascular control mechanisms are altered during the progression of T2DM in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Responses of the principal nutrient artery (PNA) of the femur from obese ZDF rats with prediabetes, short-term diabetes, and long-term diabetes to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and -independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasodilation and potassium chloride, norepinephrine (NE), and a myogenic vasoconstrictor were determinedin vitro. Few changes in the PNA vasomotor responses occurred for the prediabetic and short-term diabetic conditions. Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation were reduced, and NE and myogenic vasoconstriction were increased in obese ZDF rats with long-term diabetes relative to lean age-matched controls. Differences in endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the femoral PNA between ZDF rats and controls were abolished by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitorNG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. The passive pressure–diameter response of the femoral PNA was also lower across a range of intraluminal pressures with long-term T2DM. Regional bone and marrow perfusion and vascular conductance, measuredin vivousing radiolabeled microspheres, were lower in obese ZDF rats with long-term diabetes. These findings indicate that the profound impairment of the bone circulation may contribute to the osteopenia found to occur in long bones during chronic T2DM.
ATPases, ion exchangers and human sperm motility
Authors: Peralta-Arias Rubén D , Vívenes Carmen Y , Camejo María I , Piñero Sandy , Proverbio Teresa , Martínez Elizabeth , Marín Reinaldo , Proverbio Fulgencio
Published: March 2015

Human sperm has several mechanisms to control its ionic milieu, such as the Na,K-ATPase (NKA), the Ca-ATPase of the plasma membrane (PMCA), the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger (NCX) and the Na+/H+-exchanger (NHE). On the other hand, the dynein-ATPase is the intracellular motor for sperm motility. In this work, we evaluated NKA, PMCA, NHE, NCX and dynein-ATPase activities in human sperm and investigated their correlation with sperm motility. Sperm motility was measured by Computer Assisted Semen Analysis. It was found that the NKA activity is inhibited by ouabain with twoKi(7.9×10−9and 9.8×10−5 M), which is consistent with the presence of two isoforms of α subunit of the NKA in the sperm plasma membranes (α1 and α4), being α4 more sensitive to ouabain. The decrease in NKA activity is associated with a reduction in sperm motility. In addition, sperm motility was evaluated in the presence of known inhibitors of NHE, PMCA and NCX, such as amiloride, eosin, and KB-R7943, respectively, as well as in the presence of nigericin after incubation with ouabain. Amiloride, eosin and KB-R7943 significantly reduced sperm motility. Nigericin reversed the effect of ouabain and amiloride on sperm motility. Dynein-ATPase activity was inhibited by acidic pH and micromolar concentrations of Ca2+. We explain our results in terms of inhibition of the dynein-ATPase in the presence of higher cytosolic H+and Ca2+, and therefore inhibition of sperm motility.
Ras/ERK1/2 pathway regulates the self-renewal of dairy goat spermatogonia stem cells
Authors: Niu Zhiwei , Zheng Liming , Wu Siyu , Mu Hailong , Ma Fanglin , Song Wencong , Zhu Haijing , Wu Jiang , He Xin , Hua Jinlian
Published: March 2015

Spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs), also named the male germline stem cells (mGSCs), which is located at the base of the seminiferous tubules of testis, is the basis for generating sperm steadily in male animals. Currently, there are some preliminary study on the self-renewal and differentiation of SSCs, but further mechanism, especially in large animals, has not been clearly understood. Ras/ERK1/2 pathway is widely distributed in multiple cells in vivo. It plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation and so on. However, the study on the function for the self-renewal of dairy goats SSCs has not been investigated. In this study, the dairy goat SSCs characterization were evaluated by semi-RT-PCR, alkaline phosphatase (AP) staining, and immunofluorescence staining. Then, Ras/ERK1/2 pathway was blocked by specific MEK1/2 inhibitor PD0325901. We analyzed the proliferation by cell number, cell growth curve, Brdu incorporation assay, and cell cycle analysis. The results showed that the proliferation was significantly inhibited by PD0325901. Cell apoptosis induced by blocking the Ras/ERK1/2 pathway was analyzed by TUNEL. The expression of ETV5 and BCL6B, the downstream gene of Ras/ERK1/2 pathway, was downregulated. This study suggest that the Ras/ERK1/2 pathway plays a critical role in maintaining the self-renewal of dairy goat SSCs via regulation of ETV5 and BCL6B. This study laid a foundation for insights into the mechanism of SSCs self-renewal comprehensively.
Molecular basis of imprinting disorders affecting chromosome 14: lessons from murine models
Authors: Howard Mark , Charalambous Marika
Published: March 2015

Uniparental inheritance of chromosome 14q32 causes developmental failure during gestation and early postnatal development due to mis-expression of a cluster of imprinted genes under common epigenetic control. Two syndromes associated with chromosome 14q32 abnormalities have been described, Kagami–Ogata and Temple syndromes. Both of these syndromes are characterised by specific impairments of intrauterine development, placentation and early postnatal survival. Such abnormalities arise because the processes of intrauterine growth and postnatal adaptation are critically modulated by the dosage of imprinted genes in the chromosome 14q32 cluster. Much of our understanding of how the imprinted genes in this cluster are regulated, as well as their individual functions in the molecular pathways controlling growth and postnatal adaptation, has come from murine models. Mouse chromosome 12qF1 contains an imprinted region syntenic to human chromosome 14q32, collectively referred to as theDlk1–Dio3cluster. In this review, we will summarise the wealth of information derived from animal models of chromosome 12 imprinted gene mis-regulation, and explore the relationship between the functions of individual genes and the phenotypic result of their mis-expression. As there is often a considerable overlap between the functions of genes in theDlk1–Dio3cluster, we propose that the expression dosage of these genes is controlled by common regulatory mechanisms to co-ordinate the timing of growth and postnatal adaptation. While the diseases associated with mis-regulated chromosome 14 imprinting are rare, studies carried out in mice on the functions of the affected genes as well as their normal regulatory mechanisms have revealed new mechanistic pathways for the control of growth and survival in early life.