bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospecção fitoquímica e determinação do potencial antioxidante in vitro da Licania tomentosa (Benth.)
Authors: Silva Jonathan Augusto da , Martins Julielle dos Santos , Paulino Maria Lúcia Vieira de Britto , Almeida Anderson Soares de , Pavão Jessé Marques da Silva Junior , Santos Aldenir Feitosa dos
Published: June 2021

RESUMO: De nome científico Licania tomentosa (Benth.), a oiti pertence à família Chrysobalanaceae, que abrange 17 gêneros e aproximadamente 450 espécies arbustivas e arbóreas, espalhadas por regiões tropicais e subtropicais. O seu gênero, Licania, é predominantemente neotropical, composto por árvores de pequeno e grande porte, que estão amplamente distribuídas no globo, passando pelo México, Flórida, Antilhas, até o sul do Brasil (FEITOSA, XAVIER & RANDAU, 2012). Na medicina popular a Oiti é utilizada no tratamento de diabetes (AGRA, FREITAS & BARBOSA-FILHO, 2007), no entanto, ainda sem comprovação científica. Estudos desenvolvidos por Miranda e colaboradores (2002), a respeito da ação farmacológica, indica que a semente apresenta ação antiviral frente ao vírus herpes. Além disso, compostos isolados da folha e frutos indicam ação anticarcinogênica (FERNANDES et al., 2003) e também leishmanicida (RIBEIRO et al., 2014). Neste contexto, o presente trabalho objetiva determinar o potencial de neutralização de radicais livres (AAO%) do extrato etanólico da folha da L. tomentosa, a partir do método de sequestro do radical DPPH, que consiste em avaliar quantitativamente a redução do DPPH a partir da alteração de cor – que passa de púrpura para amarelada – em função da concentração de antioxidantes nas amostras. Para tanto, foi realizada inicialmente uma prospecção fitoquímica qualitativa, que demostrou a presença de classes de compostos de grande importância farmacológica tais como taninos flobatênicos, flavonoides catequinas, esteróides e saponinas. O resultado o obtido mostra o extrato folha da L. tomentosa é eficiente no sequestro do radical DPPH, apresentando uma AAO% de 50% (CE50%) na concentração de 63,03 µg/mL. O que indica um potencial apenas cerca de duas vezes inferior ao potencial antioxidante do extrato padrão da G. biloba, que é bastante conhecida por tal característica. Nesse sentido, faz-se necessário mais estudos para elucidar a relação entre a atividade redutora e a concentração dos constituintes fenólicos de seu extrato, bem avaliação do seu potencial antioxidante por meio de outras metodologias. Agradecemos aos CESMAC pela disponibilidade de seus laboratórios para elaboração dos experimentos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: L. tomentosa, prospecção fitoquímica, DPPH, atividade antioxidante.
THE POEM "BEOWULF": NEW HORIZONTS OF STUDYING
Authors: Grytsenko Svitlana
Published: June 2021

[Karlova V. О. Cognitive-matrix Modelling of Borrowed Vocabulary in the Old English Poem "Beowulf" (Specialty 035 Philology. Kyiv, 2020. 303 p.)]
WORDING OF AXIOLOGICAL DISTANCING IN MEDIA TEXTS ON POLITICALLY SENSITIVE TOPICS
Authors: Sazonova Yaroslava , Hontova Tetiana
Published: June 2021

The current state of linguistic pragmatics is at the stage of active development of the terminological basis and theoretical and methodological foundations. One of the notions used in the generally accepted methodology within this area is "axiological distancing". The use of this notion and the corresponding method of analysis allows us to fully disclose the strategies and tactics of constructing texts to influence the reader, analyse the manipulative strategies of the author, assess its objectivity and impact, etc. The results of the analysis of the selected texts allow us to make the conclusion that the ideological opponent in the texts under analysis is the abstract notion of a religious (Muslim) fanatic-terrorist in the eyes of a Christian and a European. It finds a concrete linguistic embodiment described and classified in the article. Having fixed the criteria of axiological classification of the opponent and the main value opposition, we passed to the analysis of the wording of the resistance to the opponent as an aspect of axiological distancing. The analysis of axiological distancing proved that the identification of the opponent's features by studying the semantics of lexical units used in the reference reveals a possible communicative effect and manipulative influence on the reader. According to the identified opposition pattern, the authors form a linguistic expression of the violation of the distance between the opponents, i.e. their physical influence and spatial approximation (we made the classification). The article describes the steps of building the axiological opposition "we" – "they", which is represented by such elements as "West" – "East", "Christianity" – "Islam", "freedom" – "dependence". Special attention is paid to the ways of providing objective reflection of events and keeping to the standards of journalistic ethics.
Buyer Behavioural Impact Of Electronic Word Of Mouth Among Youngsters Towards Smart Watches In Chennai City
Authors: Et. al. Mrs.Hameedunissa,
Published: June 2021

Tremendous growth of technology enhanced the consumers to share their opinion on the products and services they consume. The consumers are capable of analyze the information through various sources in the social media network. The social media plays a pivotal role on scattering the information on products and services. The term Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) refers to the process of influencing buyer through the social media. The study focuses on the factors influencing buyer behavior and evaluates the impact of electronic word of mouth on purchasing smart watches. Questionnaires were distributed to the respondents through Google form using convenience sampling method. The electronic word of mouth made by anonymous, family and friends on social media network sites have influenced on purchase intention of respondents. The EWOM are shared by unpaid user and they became organic promoter for product and services. The social media users trust the other users review and referral as the information are communicated by prior purchaser. The EWOM influence the people to buy the product and services from the various referrals shared in social media.
Perbandingan Metode Isolasi DNA pada Produk Perikanan Segar dan Olahan
Authors: Setiaputri Aninditya Artina , Rohmad Barokah Giri , Alsere Bardian Sahaba Muh. , Dini Arbajayanti Rahma , Fabella Nadia , Mustika Pertiwi Rizsa , Nurilmala Mala , Nugraha Roni , Abdullah Asadatun
Published: June 2021

Produk perikanan menjadi salah satu komoditas pangan penting dalam dunia perdagangan, akan tetapi perkembangan tersebut diikuti dengan meningkatnya kasus pemalsuan produk perikanan yang dapat merugikan konsumen. Oleh karena itu diperlukan metode untuk mengidentifikasi secara spesifik spesies produk perikanan. Salah satu metode seafood authentication yang telah dikembangkan adalah metode berbasis DNA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi dan kemurnian DNA berdasarkan beberapa metode isolasi pada produk perikanan segar dan olahan. Metode isolasi DNA yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode konvensional setiltrimetilamonium bromida (CTAB) dan beberapa kit komersial (DNAzol, TianGen, Qiagen, dan Fasmac). Konsentrasi dan kemurnian DNA ditentukan berdasarkan spektrofotometri nanodrop, serta visualisasi elektroforegram hasil elektroforesis. Hasil isolasi DNA menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi DNA produk perikanan segar lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi isolat DNA pada produk perikanan olahan. Isolat DNA dengan metode isolasi CTAB memiliki tingkat kemurnian DNA yang lebih baik jika dibandingkan isolat DNA meggunakan kit komersial pada semua sampel. Isolat DNA yang diekstraksi menggunakan kit komersial dengan tingkat kemurnian yang mendekati metode CTAB terdapat pada isolat DNA dengan kit TianGen.
Karakteristik Produk Uli Khas Suku Badui dengan Penambahan Daging Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Eris Fitria Riany , Munandar Aris , Hidayat Taufik , AM Kartina , Meutia  , Anggraeni Dian
Published: June 2021

Uli adalah pangan lokal khas suku Baduy dengan bahan baku utama beras ketan. Produk tersebut memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi, namun rendah jenis gizi lainnya. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan nilai gizi dilakukan melalui penambahan daging ikan bandeng. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan perlakuan optimum dan  karateristik kimia, fisik, serta organoleptik produk uli khas Baduy yang ditambahkan daging ikan bandeng. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu preparasi ikan bandeng, pembuatan uli, dan karakterisasi produk yang meliputi kimia (air, abu, protein, dan lemak), fisik (kekerasan), dan organoleptik (rasa, warna, tekstur, dan aroma) dengan panelis tidak terlatih. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah konsentrasi daging ikan bandeng dengan tiga taraf yaitu 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Kadar air produk uli tidak berbeda nyata pada tiap perlakuan, sedangkan nilai kadar abunya berkisar antara 1,32-3,00% dan optimum pada konsentrasi 20%. Kadar protein tertinggi terdapat pada konsentrasi 20% dengan nilai 9,15%, sedangkan lemak paling tinggi pada konsentrasi 20% dan 30%. Nilai kekerasan produk uli mengalami penurunan seiring dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi daging ikan bandeng dengan kisaran 2319,59-4184,85 g. Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa pada parameter rasa, warna, tekstur, dan aroma memiliki nilai yang tidak berpengaruh nyata, artinya penambahan daging ikan bandeng masih disukai. Konsentrasi optimum penambahan daging ikan bandeng pada produk uli adalah 20%.
Procjena stabilnosti uroda zrna i sadržaja ulja hibrida suncokreta AMMI analizom
Authors:   Poljoprivredni institut Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, Hrvatska, Liović Ivica , Horvat Dražen , Mijić Anto , Sudarić Aleksandra , Duvnjak Tomislav , Markulj Kulundžić Antonela
Published: June 2021

Tijekom triju vegetacijskih sezona (2017.–2019.) postavljeni su poljski pokusi s 18 hibrida suncokreta na površinama Poljoprivrednoga instituta Osijek. Cilj istraživanja je bio procijeniti interakciju genotip x okolina za urod zrna (t/ha) i sadržaj ulja (%). AMMI analizom (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) procijenjena je interakcija genotip x okolina za oba svojstva. Utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike između genotipova, okolina i interakcija genotip x okolina za urod zrna, pri čemu je relativno najveći udio sume kvadrata imala interakcija genotip x okolina (41,72%), a zatim genotip (20,75%) i okolina (2,10%). Prema visini uroda zrna i stabilnosti, posebno su se istaknuli genotipovi 4, 10, 17 i 11. Od okolina su najveći urod zrna i najmanja interakcija genotip x okolina bili u 2018. godini. Utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike sadržaja ulja između genotipova, okolina i interakcija genotip x okolina, pri čemu je najveći udio sume kvadrata imao genotip (52,82%), a zatim okolina (23,02%) te interakcija genotip x okolina (17,27%). Prema visini sadržaja ulja i stabilnosti posebno su se istaknuli genotipovi 8, 13, 17, 6 i 16. Od okolina je nešto manji sadržaj ulja imala okolina 2019., ali i znatno manju interakciju genotip x okolina, odnosno znatno veću stabilnost u odnosu na ostale okoline.
The Effect of Organic Fertilizers on the Spelt Yield and the Yield of its Components
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Forage, and Grassland, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Pospišil Ana , Pospišil Milan
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fertilization with organic fertilizers Fertil Supernova and Ilsamin N90 on the yield and yield components of three spelt varieties. The study was conducted on an anthropogenized eutric cambisol at the experimental site of the Faculty of Agriculture in Zagreb during 2015/16, 2016/17, and 2017/18, respectively. The study included three varieties of spelt, Nirvana, Ostro, and Bc Vigor, as well as a topdressing with organic fertilizers and a control (without topdressing). The first topdressing at the beginning of spring vegetation consisted of the application of organic fertilizer Fertil Supernova in the amount of 300 kg ha-1, while the second topdressing at the end of tillering consisted of a foliar application of Ilsamin N90 in the amount of 3 l ha-1. The spelt yield and its yield components were significantly influenced by weather conditions, primarily by the amount and distribution of precipitation. The studied spelt varieties did not significantly differ in the grain yield. In all three research years, the variety Nirvana has achieved the significantly largest number of ears per m2. Topdressing with organic fertilizers had a positive impact on the yield of the hulled spelt grain only in the dry year of 2016/17. Topdressing with organic fertilizers did not have a significant impact on the yield components.
The Aggressivness of Diaporthe longicolla and Diaporthe pseudolongicolla Isolates Tested by the Soybean Seed’s Artificial Inoculation
Authors:   Agricultural Institute Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, Duvnjak Tomislav , Sudarić Aleksandra , Vrandečić Karolina , MIjić Anto , Čupić Tihomir , Liović Ivica , Matoša Kočar Maja
Published: June 2021

This study’s objective was to determine if there was a difference in aggressiveness between the Diaporthe longicolla and the Diaporthe pseudolongicolla isolates infecting the soybean seeds. An artificial inoculation was performed under laboratory conditions and in a greenhouse on a soybean cultivar (Tisa) created in the breeding program of the Agricultural Institute Osijek and represented in a large-scale production in the Republic of Croatia. An attempt was made to discover whether the isolates of the recently described D. pseudolongicolla were more aggressive to the soybean seeds than the D. longicolla isolates, which have manifested a high aggressiveness to the soybean seeds throughout a series of earlier experiments. The D. pseudolongicolla isolates used in the experiment were isolated from the infected seeds pertaining to a wide production in the vicinity of Osijek. The experiments have demonstrated that there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the aggressiveness between the isolates tested, with the D. longicolla isolate manifesting the highest aggressiveness in both trials.
A Parkinson-kór gyógyszeres kezelésének kérdéseiről
Authors: Nagy Ferenc
Published: June 2021

Despite the continuous development of diagnosis and treatment of patients with Parkinson’s disease and the arrival of new therapeutic options in recent years the treatment and care of people with Parkinson’s disease especially in the advanced stage remains a major challenge for neurologists specialized in movement disorders. The treatment of Parkinson’s disease is adversely affected by several factors: the disease progresses relentlessly, the symptoms and rate of progression, other concomitant non-motor symptoms, and the appearance of complications caused by treatment show great heterogeneity. Based on all these factors it is difficult to develop and apply a uniform routine therapeutic guideline. This summary seeks to shed light on aspects of the treatment of Parkinson’s disease particularly in advanced-stage cases drawing on data from a professional college recommendation and the literature.
Transcranialis egyenáram-stimuláció a kognitív idegtudományban – buktatók és megoldások
Authors: Pesthy Orsolya , Janacsek Karolina , Németh Dezső
Published: June 2021

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising brain stimulation tool which is non-invasive, easy to use and relatively cheap. Since it can change brain activity in a temporal manner, it can contribute to both clinical practice and neuroscientific research. However, the effectiveness of tDCS has been questioned considering the lack of full understanding of its mechanism of action and the seemingly contradictory results. In this review, we aim to provide a summary of potential problems and possible solutions. Our main focus is on the inter-individual differences in the effect of tDCS which can explain the noisy data, thus, controlling for them is important in order to show reliable results. This review is hoped to contribute to maximizing the potential of tDCS by helping future researchers to design replicable studies.
Fatal outcome of cervical myelopathy caused by fibrocartilaginous embolism. Rare cause of spinal vascular damage
Authors: Folyovich András , Havas László , Vadász Gizella , Fehér Ágnes , Vadasdi Károly , Szabó Zsolt , Tóth Kornélia , Béres-Molnár Anna Katlin , Toldi Gergely
Published: June 2021

Fibrocartilaginous embolism is a rare cause of ischemic myelopathy. Authors report a case of a 39-year-old woman with progressive tetraparesis and severe autonomic dysfunction. Despite of the detailed examinations, the definite diagnosis was verified by autopsy. The patient was admitted because of progressive pain and numbness of the upper extremities and tetraparesis. Hypotonic muscles of the lower extremities with mild tetraparesis were observed. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intramedullary lesion at the level of the cervical V-VII vertebral. Patient’s tetraparesis worsened gradually to plegia with urinary retention. Expansive, rapidly progressing multiple decubiti developed, which were resistant to therapy. In spite of the complex therapy, the patient died. No internal disease was found to explain the death by autopsy. Multiple subacute infarctions of the cervical myelon (involving the lateral columns as well) in the territory of the anterior spinal artery were verified by neuropathological examination. The occluded vessels were filled by a material containing cartilaginous cells, while signs of atherosclerosis or thrombosis were not present. Cartilaginous embolism of spinal arteries was diagnosed.
Tourists' perceptions of beach quality improvement during the off-peak season: a segmentation approach
Authors:   Universidade do Algarve, Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Portugal, Lukoseviciute Goda , Pereira Luís Nobre ,   Universidade do Algarve, Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Portugal
Published: June 2021

Recently coastal tourism has increased rapidly and has negatively affected environmental, social and cultural sustainability. The Algarve is the main sun-and-sea tourism destination in Portugal, with a large number of beautiful beaches. Due to negative tourism impacts and climate change, coastal tourism management tools need to be assessed and implemented. Most beach areas have the dual mandate of conserving coastal natural resources and providing opportunities for recreation and tourism. This paper aims to identify off-peak season beach users' profiles and to segment them according to their priorities for sustainable beach management in the face of climate change and seasonality balance. Four beaches with different types were chosen in the municipality of Albufeira as case studies: an urban, a rural, a resort and a remote beach. A cluster analysis was applied to data collected through a survey applied to 200 tourists through face-to-face interviews. The survey aimed to measure beach visitors' opinion about beach environment and services, as well as about the importance of 25 quality beach attributes. The cluster analyses generated three segments of beach users with the following profiles: comfort and food lovers, young and active environmentalists and sustainable minimalists. The results provide valuable information and insights for both academics and beach managers, who can adjust their management tasks to suit market segments and their preferences, fulfilling emerging environmental policies.
Association Between the Seed Storage Proteins 2S Albumin and 11S Globulin and Severe Allergic Reaction After Flaxseed Intake
Authors: Bueno-Díaz C , Biserni C , Martín-Pedraza L , de las Heras M , Blanco C , Vázquez-Cortés S , Fernández-Rivas M , Batanero E , Cuesta-Herranz J , Villalba M
Published: June 2021

Background: Given the increased popularity of flaxseed in meals, several cases of allergy to these seeds have been reported. Little is known about the allergens implicated in hypersensitivity reactions to flaxseed. The present study aimed to identify the allergens involved in IgE-mediated reactions in 5 patients with a clinical history of severe systemic symptoms after flaxseed consumption. Methods: Proteins that were potential allergens with IgE-binding capacity were purified from flaxseed extract using chromatography and identified via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Immunoassays were performed using the 5 allergic patients’ sera tested individually and as a pool. Results: Immunoblotting of the flaxseed extract revealed a low-molecular-mass protein (around 13 kDa) in 4 of the 5 patients, while a protein of approximately 55 kDa was detected in 2 patients. The proteins were identified by mass spectrometry as flaxseed 2S albumin, which is included in the WHO/IUIS allergen nomenclature as Lin u 1, and 11S globulin. Inhibition assays revealed in vitro IgE-mediated cross-reactivity between Lin u 1 and peanut and cashew nut proteins, while IgE-mediated recognition of 11S globulin by patients’ sera was partially inhibited by several plant-derived sources. Conclusions: Seed storage proteins from flaxseed were involved in the development of severe symptoms in the 5 patients studied and exhibited cross-reactivity with other allergenic sources. Besides the severity of flaxseed allergy in patients sensitized to 2S albumin, this is the first time that 11S globulin has been identified as a potential allergen. Taking these data into account should ensure a more accurate diagnosis.
КОНКУРЕНТНІ ПОЗИЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ НА СВІТОВОМУ РИНКУ ФІНАНСОВИХ ПОСЛУГ
Authors: Литвин Олена , Хмелевська Вікторія
Published: June 2021

Світовий ринок фінансових послуг займає одне з провідних місць в структурі світової економіки. Разом з цим відбувається постійний рух і перерозподіл ресурсів між учасниками міжнародних економічних відносин. Саме тому визначення рівня конкурентоспроможності України та посилення її конкурентних переваг на світовому ринку фінансових послуг є пріоритетним завданням формування економічної стратегії держави.
Violencia, dominancia y manipulación: un análisis criminológico-integrador
Authors: Hernández Cuevas Maximiliano
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo utiliza un enfoque integrador para examinar los compor­tamientos violentos, dominantes y manipuladores, así como sus motivaciones. Tras exponer estudios guiados por paradigmas de investigación distintos, pero complementarios sobre los rasgos de personalidad malevolentes, demuestra que es erróneo basarse en el criterio de la adaptación social para establecer la normalidad y salud mental de los individuos. Esto, porque muchos persona­jes perfectamente adaptados y hasta con posiciones de liderazgo en múltiples esferas de la vida en sociedad incurren en comportamientos profundamente nocivos y antisociales, lo cual hace necesario modificar nuestros referentes científicos de la normalidad o salud del comportamiento humano.
Imputación de conductas punibles cometidas por grupos de crimen organizado
Authors: Medina García Daniel , Ortiz Rivero Miguel Sebastián
Published: June 2021

La delincuencia organizada es un fenómeno que afecta de manera ostensible la seguridad ciudadana y la institucionalidad de un Estado. Por lo anterior resulta útil explicar cómo se puede reprimir esta forma de crimina­lidad por parte del derecho penal, a pesar de que los delitos cometidos por estos grupos en ocasiones son atribuibles a sujetos que no intervienen en la ejecución de ellos.
El artículo XXI del GATT y la agresión: hacia una interpretación compatible con la unidad del orden jurídico internacional
Authors: Pezzano Luciano
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se sostiene que las normas de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) no resultan ajenas a la gravedad de la agresión ni a las consecuencias de su prohibición en el derecho internacional. En ese sentido, el artículo XXI del Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles Aduaneros y Comercio (GATT, por sus siglas en inglés), al permitir la adopción de medidas necesarias para la protección de los intereses esenciales de la seguridad de un Estado «en tiempos de guerra», debe ser interpretado a la luz de las disposiciones generales en materia de agresión. Este objetivo nos llevará necesariamente a considerar si los órganos del sistema de solución de diferencias (SSD) de la OMC son competentes para entender en una situación en la que se ha cometido un acto de agresión y, en términos generales, qué implicancias —principalmente jurídicas, pero también políticas e institucionales— tiene la violación del ius cogens en una diferencia ante el SSD. Con tal fin, esta investigación explora el contenido y alcance del artículo XXI del GATT y su interpretación, en particular, acerca del significado del término «guerra» en su apartado b, inciso iii, para luego pasar a considerar las implicancias de su posible aplicación a la luz de las normas internacionales en materia de agresión y las competencias de los órganos del SSD al respecto. En relación a esto último, el artículo evalúa las alternativas a las que se podría enfrentar un grupo especial ante una invocación del artículo XXI por un Estado agresor y, rechazando la posibilidad de que se realice una interpretación y aplicación de la disposición aislada de las normas en materia de agresión, se exploran eventuales soluciones a las que el grupo especial puede arribar, manteniendo un equilibrio entre la eficacia del sistema y la unidad del orden jurídico.
¿Cómo enverdecer el derecho comunitario andino?: propuestas para insertar políticas de precios al carbono en un contexto de recuperación verde de la Comunidad Andina
Authors: Peña Alegría Pablo Guillermo , Sasaki Otani María Ángela , Trinidad Alvarado Carlos
Published: June 2021

La crisis global de la pandemia ha generado una valiosa oportunidad para impulsar, a nivel de los bloques de integración regional, políticas de recuperación verde que estén estrechamente alineadas a las políticas climáticas, incluyendo la fijación de precios al carbono. El Pacto Verde de la Unión Europea (UE) es un ejemplo en este sentido. Este artículo propone que la Comunidad Andina (CAN) siga ese ejemplo, estableciendo políticas de precios al carbono dentro del marco normativo comunitario, adaptándolas a su nivel de integración regional y a las necesidades de sus países miembros. Planteamos cinco ideas de políticas de precios al carbono que los países andinos podrían adoptar en el marco de la CAN: eliminar progresivamente los subsidios a los combustibles fósiles, regular ajustes fiscales al carbono en frontera, crear un impuesto regional al carbono, definir un precio social al carbono de referencia y establecer un mercado regional de carbono. Para concretarlas, la CAN puede optar entre establecer legislación comunitaria de uniformización o de armonización. Consideramos que la armonización es el mejor camino porque permitiría fijar una meta realista y viable, dejando en libertad a los Estados para decidir cómo alcanzarla.
Imparcialidad, estereotipos de género y corrupción judicial
Authors: Villanueva Flores Rocío
Published: June 2021

Este artículo analiza el uso de estereotipos de género en la argumentación jurídica en contextos de severa corrupción judicial, lo que resulta en la vulneración del principio de imparcialidad judicial. La autora sostiene que es la impunidad de la corrupción judicial, asociada a la discriminación estructural, la que explica en gran parte el cinismo en la fundamentación de las decisiones judiciales sobre violencia de género. Asimismo, propone que las virtudes judiciales son esenciales para enfrentar la corrupción en la actividad jurisdiccional.
Price and Spatial Distribution of Office Rental in Madrid: A Decision Tree Analysis
Authors: Camacho Máximo , Ramallo Salvador , Ruiz Manuel
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we assess the drivers of office rental prices in the municipality of Madrid with a sample of 4,721 offices in March, 2020. The estimation was performed using the decision tree approach, which was built with a random forest algorithm. This technique allows us to capture the strong nonlinear component in the relation between price and its drivers, mainly geospatial location. Through a stratified analysis, we find out that the willingness to pay high rent in the center of Madrid is a feature of particular relevance to medium-sized offices. For diferent reasons, we also find out some office clusters located far from the city center with high rent for both large and small offices.
1821: La celebración de la Independencia del Perú en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Sánchez Rodríguez Susy
Published: June 2021

Este artículo se centra en la celebración de la independencia del Perú en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile durante el mes de agosto de 1821, empleando, principalmente la información del diario oficial denominado Gazeta Ministerial de Chile. Se analiza el intenso ciclo festivo que produjo la denominada liberación de Lima, ocurrida el 10 de julio del mencionado año, cuando las fuerzas patriotas, bajo el mando del general San Martín, ingresaron en la ciudad. La primera parte presenta el profundo vínculo simbólico entre la liberación de Lima y el desastre sufrido por los patriotas en la batalla de Rancagua en 1814. La segunda parte presenta cómo la celebración de la independencia del Perú sublimó la legitimidad política y simbólica del director supremo, Bernardo O’Higgins, quien se convirtió en un heroico líder continental y la encarnación de una nación triunfante.
Los militares y el centenario de la independencia del Perú en 1921
Authors: Taype Castillo Jaime Miguel
Published: June 2021

Las ceremonias por el centenario de la independencia del Perú, realizadas durante los meses de julio y agosto de 1921, contaron con la colaboración de numerosas instituciones, que, lideradas por el Gobierno de turno, lograron que los actos programados alcanzaran niveles de magnificencia. No obstante, lo que coronó la vistosidad y el realce –exigidos por todo magno evento– fue la presencia de las tropas de nuestro ejército en los actos oficiados para la ocasión. Las recomendaciones para embellecer Lima, la recepción y alojamiento de los destacamentos militares extranjeros en los cuarteles capitalinos, y los imponentes desfiles, evoluciones y retretas para el deleite de los asistentes fueron las principales actuaciones de los militares peruanos que contribuyeron a fortalecer la imagen de nuestro país en el ámbito internacional y devolvieron la autoestima a los peruanos.
Pemodelan Matematika Perpindahan Panas pada Stenosis Arteri Karotis
Authors: Indrianti Dwi , Fatahillah Arif , Setiawani Susi
Published: June 2021

Carotid artery stenosis is the narrowing of the lumen (inner surface) of the carotid artery. Usually stenosis is caused by atherosclerosis, which is an atheromatose plaque due to inflammation consisting of necrotics, fats and cholesterol crystals. Occlusion of arterial lumens makes the brain lack blood supply causing damage to brain function. Sometimes, a long period of blood supply can cause permanent damage to vascular tissue in the brain. Stenosis also poses a dangerous threat to health, namely stroke. Narrowed carotid arteries have a certain temperature. The emergence of mathematical modeling as a new science is one alternative to solving this problem. By mathematical modeling, researchers obtained a formula that describes the state of heat transfer in the carotid artery according to the actual conditions regardless of the important factors in the system. In this study, a mathematical model was built on the above problem to analyze heat transfer that occurs in the carotid artery due to stenosis.

 

Keywords: Carotid artery stenosis, Mathematical modeling, Finite element
Screening of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Adolescent Victims of The Garut Flash Flood in 2016
Authors: Mahfuzhah Asy Syafa , Widianti Efri , Emaliyawati Etika
Published: June 2021

The flash flood that occurred in the Garut Regency three years ago brought about devastating effects, one of which was the psychological impact in adolescents, namely PTSD. This study aims at detecting the presence of PTSD in adolescent victims of the flash flood that occurred in Garut, Indonesia three years ago. PTSD screening was conducted using the PTSD Checklist (PCL) questionnaire for 102 teenagers of the State Junior High-School (SMPN) 3 Tarogong Kidul who were victims of the flood and selected using a purposive sampling technique. This study used a quantitative descriptive method with cross-sectional approach. The results showed that three years after the Garut flash flood, a total of 80% of adolescent victims did not experience PTSD and 20 (20%) of the adolescents were identified having PTSD. The highest arising symptom responses were re-experiencing (90%) and hyperarousal (80%), which involve feeling intruded by memories of disasters and increased alertness. It is expected that nurses and experts can perform early and continuous screening for PTSD following a traumatic event, both in adolescents and other age groups to prevent another more severe impact.
Infra-Red Therapy Reduces Lower Extremity Pain in Elderly with Osteoarthritis
Authors: Putra I Gede Yudiana , Muryani Ni Made Sri , Daryaswanti Putu Intan
Published: June 2021

Background:

Elderly is someone who because of his advanced age experiences biological, physical, psychological and social changes. One of the physical changes that occur in the elderly is a problem with decreased area of ​​motion, one of which is osteoarthritis which often affects several joints, such as the joints of the fingertips, thumbs, knees, hips, heels and causes joint pain. Pain is very disturbing and makes it difficult for the elderly to do their activities, so the need for proper treatment is to reduce the pain that occurs due to osteoarthritis. One therapy that can be recommended is non-pharmacological therapy, namely infrared therapy.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of infrared therapy on the reduction of lower limb pain in the elderly with osteoarthritis.

Methods: The design of this study is a quasy experimental design with a pre-post-test control group design .. where the elderly will be divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group given infrared therapy and the control group who did not receive infrared therapy. This research was conducted at PSTW Wana Sraya Denpasar, for three weeks from July 20 to August 2020. The sample in this study was 30 elderly who experienced pain in their lower extremities with osteoarthritis.

Results: The results of this study showed that most of the elderly> 65 years were 63.3% and 66.6% female. The elderly mostly experience pain scale 4-6 (moderate pain) in the lower extremities. The results of statistical tests showed that giving infrared therapy had an effect on reducing the pain scale in the lower extremities in the elderly with OA (p = 0.000)

Conclusion: There was a decrease in the pain scale before and after infra-red administration and there was a significant effect on reducing lower limb pain in the elderly with osteoarthritis who were given infrared 8 times a week for 3 weeks.
Construct Validity of the Vietnamese Version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey
Authors: NGUYEN Huong Thi Thu , KITAOKA Kazuyo , PHAM Khue Minh , NGUYEN Ngoc Thi Minh , NGUYEN Tran Bao , PHAM Huong Thi Thu , NGUYEN Cuong Hung , PHAM Linh Van , PHAM Hai Thanh
Published: June 2021

Back ground and Purpose: Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. The purpose of this study is to validate the Vietnamese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) for burnout measuring in Vietnam. Methods: using cross-sectional study, factorial validity of MBI-GS was tested by exploratory factor analysis then accompanied by confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson’s correlation is used to check criterion-related validity. Results: the model of three factors structure without item 8 and 9 was suggested as the best fit model with chi-square (X2 = 285.13, P < .0001), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA = 0.07), comparative fit index (CFI = 0.92), goodness of fit index (GFI = 0.91). Conclusions: The construct validity of Vietnamese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey is acceptable for use in future investigations regarding burnout.
Students’ attitude to learning using virtual reality programs
Authors:   Smolensk state medical university, Piskunova Marina D. , Pobokin Pavel A. ,   Smolensk state medical university
Published: June 2021

This article presents an empirical study of the interest of higher educational institution students in supplementing educational activities with virtual reality technologies. The article substantiates the relevance of using VR technologies in teaching University students. The purpose of the study is to determine the feasibility of using virtual reality technologies in the learning process. The review of literature sources devoted to virtual reality and its application in the educational sphere, including the training of highly specialized professionals. Specific examples of the use of virtual reality technologies in the educational process are presented. Classifications of virtual reality technologies are given depending on the necessary means to enter the virtual environment, as well as on the type of virtual reality technologyVR, depending on the degree of user immersion. The possibility and feasibility of using each type of virtual reality in the educational process in modern educational institutions is evaluated. The empirical part of the research is devoted to conducting a survey of University students on their awareness of VR, interest in learning through the use of VR technologies, satisfaction with virtual reality technologies already introduced into the educational process if they have experience, and preferences in the way VR is used in training. The main empirical results of the study are presented in the form of tables based on the results of a survey among students. The results of the research can be used in pedagogy when developing new educational programs, when making decisions about the introduction of innovative technologies in the educational process, when improving the skills of teachers as a theoretical material that introduces the concept of virtual reality and the prospects for its use in education.
Competence development strategies for youth workers
Authors:   Moscow pedagogical state university, Sakharova Tatiyana N. , Tamarskaya Nina V. ,   Moscow pedagogical state university, Stremilova Olga V. ,   Moscow pedagogical state university, Bataeva Mariya D. ,   Moscow pedagogical state university
Published: June 2021

The article examines the strategic directions of the competence development of specialists in work with youth, determined by modern trends in the development of society and the state's requests for organizing activities with youth. It is shown that, since young people, as one of the most problematic and socially vulnerable groups of the population, require appropriate organization of activities aimed at the formation of their socially significant needs, trajectories of self-improvement and self-realization, the development of their creative potential in the interests of society and the state, a professional standard of a specialist in work with youth. The target guidelines of this professional standard are given, the possibilities of additional educational content for specialists in working with youth, applying for the position of adviser to the head of an educational organization for educational work and work with children's associations, are considered. The most promising areas of competence development of a specialist related to improving knowledge and skills in the field of youth policy, socio-psychological development of the modern digital generation, gamification of the educational process, project activities are indicated. In the content of additional education, an emphasis is needed on the problems of cyber socialization, the peculiarities of socialization of urbanized youth, and knowledge of young science. It is shown that for a specialist developing a strategy for educational work, modern knowledge about the neurocognitivefeatures of the digital generation is also needed, associated with such a conceptual series as web surfing, selective visual attention, clip thinking, simultaneous perception, and transactive memory. Along with the neurocognitive features of the digital generation, it has a special value-semantic perception of information and reality, which should also be taken into account in the competence development of specialists in the field of working with youth, applying for new positions in the education system.
Educational system of the Smolny institute for noble maidens
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Gavrilova Tatiyana N. , Paladiev Sergei L. ,   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the educational system of the Smolny Institute for noble maidens, the first educational institution for women in Russia, which laid the foundation for female education in the country. The pedagogical essence of this educational system is to create environment which enables to develop the personality of each of the subjects of this system. Despite major differences in the Institute educational system at different stages of development of the educational institution, one can talk of a holistic educational system of the institution. This is evidenced by the presence of systematically important connections which ensured the continuity of pedagogical influences at all stages of the existence of the educational institution, as well as by the development of originally established traditions. Special features and development stages of the institute educational system, indicating its different states, are considered. During the long period of its functioning, the Smolny institute went through periods of rise and fall, of heyday and decline, of different approaches to the organization of educational process (from a rigid sociocentric approach to a more humane homocentric one). But it always remained a major center of female education in the country, where interesting pedagogical ideas were given rise to, original pedagogical experience was formed. Many of its graduates in no small way contributed to the development of the cause of education in the country. Special attention is paid to the renewal of the Smolny institute educational system during the time when K. D. Ushinsky worked there as a class inspector. The article emphasizes that the Smolny Institute established itself as a phenomenon due to the fact that there was developed an original educational system, which changed throughout more than 150 years, yet abided by the initially set goal of training highly competent, «perfect» citizens of their Motherland, true Smolyan women.
Profession-oriented coaching in the army environment
Authors:   Military unit 55765, Iskakov Ernar M.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of professional development and career development of officers of the armed forces, other troops and military formations. The relevance of this problem is due to the rapidly changing conditions of the military-pedagogical environment. At present traditional forms and methods of professional training cannot fully meet the demand of military personnel for the formation of self-development, self-actualization and self-realization skills. In this regard the author raises the question of the need to find new approaches and views on the process of improving professional training, the result of which should be the readiness of officers to build, design and develop a military career. The author suggests using coaching, the methodology of which is focused on the disclosure of professional and personal potential and the awakening of the activity of officers as promising forms and methods of military professional training. The concepts of «profession-oriented army coaching» and «army coach» are clarified. It is emphasized that the technology of coaching is new for the military sphere and requires substantial and technical adaptation to the army reality. In this work the author presents the concept of profession-oriented army coaching, taking into account the ideas of the acmeological approach, the military specifics and the architecture of the coaching process. The goals, objectives,principles, directions and conditions for the implementation of coaching in the army environment are defined. The author comes to the conclusion that in the army environment, the coaching and acmeological approaches have similar views, combining the search for ways to maximize self-expression in the military profession and the optimal ways to organize professional activity to achieve success in the future. The concept of profession-oriented army coaching proposed by the author reflects the requirements for finding new approaches to the process of improving the professional training of military personnel, imposed by the modern training and combat process of the armed forces. The practical implementation of this concept became development and introduction of «Profession-oriented army coaching» teaching guide to the learning process of military universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The author sees the prospect of further work in the use of profession-oriented army coaching in the troops in organizing classes for the professional development of personnel.
Education system readiness to switch to a remote mode of work: pandemic lessons reflection
Authors:   Institute for education development, Zolotareva Angelina V.
Published: June 2021

The article actualizes the problem of the education system readiness to switch to a remote mode of work based on research and reflection on the lessons of the coronavirus pandemic in spring 2020; it substantiated the need for digitalization of the educational process through analysis of trends in the development of education and training using information systems; disclosed approaches to the methodology of digitalization of education in such areas as digital didactics, digital transformation, digital education, digital ecosystem; the concept of «readiness for activity or action» is defined, a theoretical analysis of the organizational, motivational, psychological, material and technical, normative readiness of educational organizations and participants in educational relations for activities in the new conditions of distance learning is provided; it describes the results of a study of the readiness of regional education systems, educational organizations, participants in educational relations (teachers, students and their parents) to work in adistance, remote mode; disclosed research methods (online survey, analysis of websites of educational organizations, study and generalization of experience) and the data of the results of the study of normative, material and technical, informational, organizational readiness, the education system for a remote mode of work, the readiness of teaching staff for new working conditions, as well as the readiness of families of students to study in self-isolation; examples of the best practices for organizing the activities of schools and families of students during the period of the forced transition to distance learning, including forms of rapid response, targeted methodological support of educational organizations in the region, psychological assistance to children and parents in the process of transition to new digital relationship; identified and generalized problems, suggested ways of solving in the near future.