bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Motivasi Belajar dan Disiplin Belajar Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam
Authors: Mudrik Mudrik , Karoma Karoma , Isnaini Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh antara motivasi belajar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, (2) pengaruh antara disiplin belajar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, dan (3) pengaruh antara motivasi belajar dan disiplin belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada mata pelajaran sejarah  kebudayaan Islam di MTs Nurul Hilal Senuro. Jenis penelitian tesis ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan populasi penelitian sejumlah 173 dan sampel penelitian sejumlah 119 peserta didik. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik probability sampling dengan jenis simple random  sampling. Metode analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan uji regresi linier secara parsial maupun simultan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Terdapat pengaruh dari motivasi belajar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik di MTs Nurul Hilal Senuro yang didasarkan pada nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,006 < 0,05 dan nilai thitung sebesar 2,802 > ttabel sebesar 1,980. Koefisien regresi positif menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi motivasi belajar, semakin tinggi pula nilai kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. (2) Tidak ada pengaruh dari disiplin belajar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik di MTs Nurul Hilal Senuro. Nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,167 > 0,05 dan nilai thitung sebesar 1,391 < ttabel sebesar 1,980. (3) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan dari motivasi belajar dan disiplin belajar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik di MTs Nurul Hilal Senuro. Nilai signifikansi pengaruh simultan adalah sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai Fhitung sebesar 8,411 > Ftabel sebesar 3,074.
Analisis Dampak Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Perkembangan Psikologis dan Keagamaan Anak Usia Dini (TK dan SD) dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Masykura Setiadi Fadlan , Maryati Sri , Mubharokkh Angge Sapto
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan sosial anak usia dini. Dengan kemajuan teknologi yang pesat, gadget telah menjadi bagian penting dari kehidupan sehari-hari anak-anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dan analisis data sekunder dari berbagai sumber terpercaya. Data dikumpulkan melalui tinjauan pustaka yang meliputi jurnal, artikel ilmiah, dan laporan penelitian terkait. Pendekatan kualitatif diterapkan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis dampak yang timbul akibat penggunaan gadget di kalangan anak-anak usia dini, serta bagaimana gadget mempengaruhinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan gadget dapat memberikan manfaat edukatif dan hiburan yang signifikan. Gadget memberikan akses mudah ke berbagai aplikasi pendidikan yang mendukung proses pembelajaran dan pengembangan keterampilan digital anak-anak, seperti kemampuan memecahkan masalah dan kreativitas. Penggunaan teknologi juga dapat meningkatkan akses ke sumber informasi dan alat belajar yang mendukung prestasi akademik. Namun, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi beberapa dampak negatif yang signifikan. Penggunaan gadget yang tidak terkontrol dapat mengakibatkan berkurangnya interaksi sosial tatap muka antara anak-anak, yang penting untuk perkembangan keterampilan sosial dan emosional mereka. Selain itu, gadget dapat mengganggu pola tidur anak, terutama jika digunakan menjelang waktu tidur, yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur dan kesehatan secara keseluruhan. Penurunan aktivitas fisik juga menjadi perhatian, karena waktu yang dihabiskan di depan layar seringkali mengurangi waktu bermain aktif dan olahraga.
Pengaruh Kegiatan Ekstrakulikuler Pramuka Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Anugrah Makhdad , Fauzi Muhamad , Ali Mukti
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran pendidikan Agama Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian quasi experimental design. Populasi yang ditargetkan adalah anggota ekstrakurikuler pramuka di SMA YWKA Palembang dengan sampel penelitian yang diperoleh dari teknik Purposive Sampling yaitu 35 siswa. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik Product Moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) distribusi responden pada variabel ekstrakurikuler pramuka menunjukkan bahwa 14,28% dari siswa berada dalam kategori "Sangat Tinggi" dengan interval kelas di atas 66,51. Sebanyak 48,57% responden termasuk dalam kategori "Tinggi," yang memiliki interval kelas antara 60,6 hingga 66,51. Adapun 22,85% siswa berada dalam kategori "Rendah" dengan interval kelas 54,68 hingga 60,6. Terakhir, 14,28% siswa tergolong dalam kategori "Sangat Rendah" dengan interval kelas di bawah 54,68. Selain itu, untuk motivasi belajar siswa, data menunjukkan bahwa 17,14% responden berada dalam kategori "Sangat Tinggi" dengan interval kelas lebih dari 67,38. Sebanyak 37,14% siswa termasuk dalam kategori "Tinggi," dengan interval kelas antara 61,45 hingga 67,38. Sementara 31,43% siswa berada dalam kategori "Rendah," yang memiliki interval kelas antara 55,52 hingga 61,45. Terakhir, 14,29% siswa berada dalam kategori "Sangat Rendah" dengan interval kelas di bawah 55,52. (2) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan pada variabel Y, yaitu motivasi belajar siswa SMA YWKA Palembang, dengan hasil kumulatif sebesar (55,522-61,454). (3) Uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara kegiatan Pramuka dan motivasi belajar, dengan nilai thitung 5,31 dan ttabel 1,692 pada tingkat signifikansi 0,05%. Hasil uji menunjukkan thitung > ttabel (5,31 > 1,692), sehingga Hipotesis Alternatif (Ha)diterima, yang berarti terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Pramuka dan motivasi belajar siswa.
Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Beragama dalam Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Hilmin Hilmin
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan internalisasi nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam kurikulum merdeka pendidikan agama Islam. Adapun metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kepustakaan (library research). Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui pencermatan terhadap literatur terkait berupa artikel dan buku. Selanjutnya melakukan pendekatan interpretasi dengan mengkaji data-data pada evidensi objektif, untuk mencapai kebenaran otentik. Interpretasi di sini bahan atau data-data yang sudah dideskripsikan, kemudian diinterpretasikan dan dianalisis kembali untuk menunjukan dan memperjelas tentang nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam kurikulum merdeka belajar pendidikan agama Islam secara objektif, runtut, komprehensif, dan mendasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan korelasi yang kuat dan saling menguatkan bahwa nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dapat diinternalisasikan ke dalam kurikulum merdeka pendidikan agama Islam. Desain kurikulum merdeka untuk pendidikan agama islam sebagai bagian penting untuk memperkuat moderasi beragama dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Prinsip-prinsip yang terkandung di dalam kurikulum merdeka sangat selaras dengan nilai-nilai pemikiran moderasi beragama. Kurikulum merdeka pendidikan agama islam sangat membutuhkan kerangka konsep dan dasar pemikiran yang moderat dan kontekstual.
PARENTAL SMOKING BEHAVIOR AND UNDERWEIGHT AMONG CHILDREN AGED 5-12 YEARS: EVIDENCE FROM RISKESDAS 2018
Authors: Engelina Bunga Ellen , Sufyan Dian Luthfiana , Simanungkalit Sintha Fransiske , Wahyuningsih Utami
Published: September 2024

In recent years, underweight remains a medium public health problem in Indonesia, despite the substantial decrease in prevalence, still, this long-standing issue are potentially altering children physical growth and cognitive development. This current study aims to investigate the association between parental smoking behavior and underweight in children by analyzing secondary data of the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS). A total sample of 39,451 children aged 5-12 years were analyzed in this study. Anthropometric measurement of body weight was obtained to identify underweight. A structure questionnaire was employed to obtained information on child sex (male or female), age (5-8 or 9-12), type of residence (urban or rural), parental age (under or older than 35), education (high: higher education graduate or under), working status (working or not working) and smoking behavior both among mother and father in the last one month. Among those who smoked, the average number of cigarettes being smoked was also questioned, as well as the experience of indoor smoking. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. There were 8.4% of underweight children in this study, 89.8% of parents were smoker, who 74.8% of them were father, on average smoked 14 cigarettes per day and 98.8% of them smoked inside the house. Underweight was not significantly associated with parental smoking behavior, type of residence, parental age and parental working status. Higher odds of being underweight was found among children age 5-8 years (OR 1.08, p = 0.04, 95% CI). While boys were protective factor against underweight (OR 0.75, p < 0.01, 95% CI). Despite no association found between parental smoking behavior and children underweight in current study, however, it remains relevant to remind parents that their smoking behavior, especially inside living space may hinder children physical growth and cognitive development.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PENGOBATAN PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Buyung Sonia , Armaijn Liasari , Toka Wahyunita Do
Published: September 2024

Diabetes Melitus (DM) tipe 2, suatu penyakit kronik dengan hiperglikemia persisten akibat defek sekresi dan resistensi insulin ini masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan dunia hingga saat ini dikarenakan morbiditas, mortalitas, kejadian komplikasi serta pengeluaran biaya kesehatannya yang tinggi. DM tipe 2 memerlukan penatalaksanaan jangka panjang sehingga peran pasien terkait kepatuhan pengobatan menjadi krusial dalam mencapai tujuan pengobatan. Kepatuhan pengobatan ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, terutama pengetahuan pasien. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara tingkat kepatuhan pengobatan dan tingkat pengetahuan pasien DM tipe 2 di Kota Ternate, tepatnya di Puskesmas Kalumata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional terhadap 109 sampel yang diperoleh dengan metode consecutive samplingmenggunakan kuesioner DKQ-24 dan MMAS-8. Dari total 109 sampel ditemukan distribusi pasien terbanyak pada kelompok usia 56-65 tahun (35,8%), jenis kelamin perempuan (66,1%), tamatan SMA sederajat (44%), Ibu Rumah Tangga (44%), telah berobat selama 6 bulan atau lebih (77,1%), memiliki riwayat DM dalam keluarga (58,7%), berpengetahuan cukup (45,9% ) dan memiliki kepatuhan pengobatan sedang (36,7%). Analisis korelasi spearman menghasilkan nilai signifikansi (p value) sebesar <0,001 dan koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,739. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan adanya korelasi yang signifikan dan kuat, dengan arah korelasi positif, antara tingkat pengetahuan dan tingkat kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kalumata Kota Ternate.
ANALISIS KERUGIAN EKONOMI KELUARGA PADA BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI KOTA TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Putro Wahyu Gito , Pranoto Putri Septiani Azzahra , Darmawan Kadek , Lahdji Aisyah
Published: September 2024

Setiap negara harus memprioritaskan penanganan masalah ini karena tingginya prevalensi kematian ibu dan bayi baru lahir. Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) merupakan faktor signifikan yang berkontribusi terhadap kematian bayi di Indonesia. Tingginya prevalensi kasus BBLR memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap pembiayaan kesehatan, terutama untuk perawatan BBLR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai beban keuangan yang dihadapi oleh keluarga yang memiliki bayi BBLR. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional untuk melakukan penelitian. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder yang diambil dari catatan tagihan rumah sakit. Populasi penelitian adalah keluarga yang memiliki bayi BBLR di RSUD Tangerang Selatan yang berjumlah 130, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 97 dengan teknik Lameshow. Dampak ekonomi keseluruhan pada keluarga yang memiliki bayi dengan BBLR meliputi biaya gabungan dari biaya langsung medis, biaya langsung non-medis, dan biaya tidak langsung. Hasil penjumlahan menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata beban ekonomi keluarga yang memiliki bayi BBLR adalah sebesar Rp. 27.704.792. Kerugian ekonomi keluarga yang dihasilkan dari hasil penjumlahan antara biaya langsung pengobatan, biaya langsung bukan pengobatan, dan biaya tidak langsung perlu dilakukan secara komprehensif. Sehingga kebijakan yang dibuat untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini dapat secara tepat disesuaikan dengan anggaran yang dimiliki.
Using student stand out moments to reclaim school-based social work placement
Authors: Rafter Jennifer , Fearnley Barry , Jani Cathryn
Published: September 2024

During the pandemic, one university experienced considerable challenge sourcing placements for student social workers. In response, they developed the SWIS project through which placed nearly 50 students in schools. To capture their experiences in practice learning, students were invited to participate in a reflective workshop. This paper focuses on one activity where students were asked to reflect on ‘stand out moments’ (SOM) when undertaking their school-based placement. The paper is underpinned by transformative learning theory, through which we explore the journey or process in practice learning which can facilitate growth and change. The data was collected as part of a wider action research study, with findings reasserting the centrality of direct work and relationship-based practice. The discussion section highlights how school-based placements provided significant opportunities for learning and development, such as being afforded the ‘freedom’ to be creative in developing child focused interventions. This paper has implications for revisiting the potential for school-based practice learning, as settings with wide ranging learning opportunities, which can inspire and empower students.
ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS FOR DEATH IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN 2021 AT UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA HOSPITAL
Authors: Ayunda Solehan Zahra , Atikasari Fitri , Dwi Artanti Kurnia , Asta Wulaningrum Prastuti , Is Effendi Wiwin , Yi Li Chung
Published: September 2024

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV2, first detected in China in 2019. This disease causes respiratory infections and significantly impacts global health. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital in 2021. Methods: This observational analytical study uses a case-control design, including 168 samples with 64 cases and 64 controls. Secondary data from patient medical records at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, including age, gender, education, comorbidities, oxygen saturation, and length of stay. Chi-square tests analyzed the data with a 95% confidence level (α=5%). Results: The analysis revealed significant associations between COVID-19 mortality and several factors. Age (p=0.01; OR=3.24; 95%CI=1.57-6.65), gender (p=0.01; OR=2.2; 95%CI=1.17-4.02), education (p=0.00; OR=2.40; 95%CI=1.11-5.40), comorbidities (p=0.08; OR=2.50; 95%CI=1.26-4.91), and oxygen saturation (p=0.00; OR=5.40; 95%CI=117.10-2490.06) were significantly associated with COVID-19 mortality. Oxygen saturation was the most influential factor (p=0.00; OR=901.73; 95%CI=120.75-6733.48) associated with mortality. Conclusion: Age, gender, education, comorbidities, and oxygen saturation significantly affect Covid-19 mortality rates. This study highlights the importance of monitoring and managing these risk factors in managing COVID-19 at Universitas Airlangga Hospital.
EARLY DETECTION OF LOW VISION DETERMINANT FACTORS USING THE E-SIGALON SELF-ASSESSMENT APPLICATION
Authors: Triyono Erwin Astha , Arini Merita , Tan Feriawan , Masyfufah Lilis , Rachmad Eka Basuki , Kusumayanti A.A.Ayu Mas , Kartikawati Tri , Kartikadewi Indriani , Novanda Aisyah Wahyu , Ramadhani Putri Nabilah
Published: September 2024

Background: Low Vision is an end-stage condition that cannot be cured. The best treatment for low vision is the early detection. However, there is still no integrated low vision data in health services, the lack of public knowledge about low vision, the low rate of case discovery, and the lack of optimal referral and treatment mechanisms for low vision are problems that must be addressed at this time. Purpose: This study aims to detect early low vision determinant factors using a self-assessment application. Methods: This study is analytical and quantitative research. Respondents for this research were from five selected populations in East Java who filled out the e-SIGALON application from September to December 2023. The respondents were suspected as having low vision if they had score of 6 or higher. The variables were analyzed using logistic binary regression, the validity and reliability test was also performed. Results: From 446 respondents, there were 237 people (53.14%) suspected of low vision but only 66 people came to referral hospital. The low vision suspect showed 12 of the 15 statistically significant questions (p<0.05). The most common was sitting very close to the television/monitor (48.43%), followed by having difficulties in seeing objects in dim light (44.17%) and difficulties in doing the things they want to do (40.13%). Conclusion: The e-SIGALON application can be a solution in managing low vision. Through this application, people can easily find out and recognize whether they have low vision or not.
Bilişsel Fonksiyon Bozukluğuyla Başvuran Primer Antifosfolipid Antikor Sendromu Olgusu
Authors: Bozkuş Rıfat , Sarışen Şeyma
Published: September 2024

Antifosfolipid antikor sendromu antifosfolipid antikorları ile ilişkili tekrarlayan arteryel, venöz ve mikrovasküler trombozlar, tekrarlayan erken gebelik kaybı, fetal kayıp ve gebelik komplikasyonlarıyla karakterize sistemik bir otoimmün bozukluktur. Ayrıca deri ülserasyonları, bilişsel fonksiyonlarda kötüleşme, trombositopeni, hemolitik anemi, kalp kapağı hastalığı ve nefropati sık eşlik edebilen klinik bulgulardır. Altta yatan bir hastalık ve ilaç kullanımı yoksa primer antifosfolipid sendromu olarak kabul edilir. Sistemik lupus eritematozus başta olmak üzere eşlik eden otoimmün bir hastalık, ilaç kullanımı ya da başka bir hastalık varsa sekonder antifosfolipid sendromu olarak kabul edilir. Polikliniğe bilişsel fonksiyonlarda bozulma, bacaklarda şişlik ve ağrı yakınmalarıyla başvuran hastada bilateral alt extremitelerde venöz trombozlar, pulmoner emboli ve kronik serebrovasküler iskemik olaylar tespit edildi. Etyolojiye yönelik yapılan ileri tetkiklerde hastada primer antifosfolipid sendromu saptandı. Bu olgu sunumuyla farklı klinik durumlarla karşımıza çıkabilen primer antifosfolipid antikor sendromu tartışıldı.
Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks Applied to Short-Term Weather Forecasting by Radar Images
Authors: Rossatto Felipe Copceski , Harter Fabrício , Shiguemori Elcio , Calvetti Leonardo
Published: September 2024

In this study, a computational method is proposed that employs Recurrent Convolutional 1 Neural Networks, utilizing meteorological radar images to forecast storm movement and intensity up 2 to 3 hours ahead, a process known as nowcasting. For this purpose, images from a radar situated in 3 southern Brazil were used. These data are publicly accessible on the website of the National Institute 4 for Space Research (INPE) in Brazil. The approach involves evaluating a spatiotemporal learning 5 recurrent convolutional neural network called PredRNN++. The results were validated through 6 case studies of storms within the radar’s coverage area. To evaluate the performance of the neural 7 network, both visual assessments and metrics such as RMSE and SSIM were employed. The findings 8 indicate that PredRNN++ was effective in simulating the shape and location of the meteorological 9 system.
A Study on Tooth Wear Mechanisms During the Bandsawing of Cr12MoV with Bimetal Bandsaw Blade
Authors: Jia Yuzhen , Wu Jigang , Chen Yuqiang , Chen Bing , Liu Guoyue , Ouyang Zhiyong
Published: September 2024

Bandsaw blades are typical band-shaped cutting tools characterized by low stiffness and micro-level cutting depth, resulting in distinct wear mechanisms compared to rigid cutting tools. In this study, the wear curve and wear mechanisms of bandsaw tooth during the bandsawing of Cr12MoV cold-working steel was investigated. The tool life was divided into two stages: a rapid wear stage (Stage I) and a homogeneous wear stage (Stage II). In Stage I, the wear was dominated by chipping although multiple wear mechanisms were found due to the relatively poor manufacturing accuracy compared to rigid cutting tools, which results in remarkable differences among the cutting depths of individual teeth. In Stage II, abrasive and adhesive wear were the primary wear mechanisms instead of chipping, which was related to the microstructure of Cr12MoV. Furthermore, methods for increasing the bandsaw performance were proposed based on the tooth wear mechanisms.
Tellurium-Doped Bioactive Glassinduces Ferroptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells Regardless of FSP1
Authors: Pańczyszyn Elzbieta , Lallukka Mari , Gagliardi Mara , Saverio Valentina , Monzani Romina , Miola Marta , Verné Enrica , Corazzari Marco
Published: September 2024

Human osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare tumor predominantly affecting long bones and characterized by a poor prognosis. Currently, the first line of intervention consists of surgical resection of primary tumors combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, with a profound impact on patient’s life. Since surgical removal of OS frequently results in large resection of bones the use of biomaterials to sustain the stability of remaining tissue and to stimulate bone regeneration is challenging. Moreover, residual neoplastic cells might be responsible for tumor recurrence. Here we explored the potential of doped-bioactive glass as novel therapeutic intervention to both eradicate residual malignant cells and promote bone regeneration. Bioactive glass (BAG) has been extensively studied and employed in the field of regenerative medicine, due to its osseointegration properties and ability to improve bone tissue regeneration. We found that the incorporation of tellurium in BAG selectively kills OS cells through ferroptosis while preserving the viability of hBMSCs, and stimulating their osteodifferentiation. Although the mechanism of Te toxicity is still unclear: i) Te-BAG generates lipid-ROS through LOXs activity but not iron overload; ii) Te-dependent ferroptosis is mediated by GPX4 down-regulation, and iv) abrogates the anti-ferroptotic activity of FSP1, which expression confers resistance of OS to canonical induction of ferroptosis.
Enhancement of the Elastocaloric Performance of Natural Rubber by Forced Air Convection
Authors: Valdés Emma , Stern-Taulats Enric , Candau Nicolas , Mañosa Lluís , Vives Eduard
Published: September 2024

We study the enhancement of the elastocaloric effect in natural rubber by using forced air convection in order to favour heat extraction during the elongation stage of an stretching-unstretching cycle. Elastocaloric performance is quantified by means of the adiabatic undercooling that occurs after a fast removal of the stress, measured by infrared thermography. To ensure accurate measurements, spatial averages on thermal maps of the sample surface are performed since undercooled samples display heterogeneities caused by various factors. The influence of the stretching velocity and the air velocity is analysed. The results show that, given the fact that the stretching velocities should be high enough to improve the cooling power, there is an optimal air velocity that provides maximum adiabatic undercooling. Our experiments have also allowed us to characterise the dependence of the Newton heat transfer coefficient on the air convection velocity. We have shown that this coefficient may show an enhancement up to 600% for air velocities around 4 m/s.
Feature Coding and Graph via Transformer: Different Granularities Classification for Aircrafts
Authors: Rao Jianghao , Qin Senlin , An Zongyan , Zhang Jianlin , Bao Qiliang , Peng Zhenming
Published: September 2024

Against the background of the sky, imaging and perception of aircraft are cru-
cial. Among these, the location of aircrafts is not a very difficult problem
in general, because that deep learning algorithms and object detection models
based on convolutional neural network(CNN) are ever-evolving. In order to have
a better identification of various aircrafts, or to accurately locate different types
of flying targets in the sky, it becomes significant to distinguish and recognize
different types of aircrafts. One question is that, distinguishing and recognizing
between sub-categories of aircrafts pose great challenges. Although fine-grained
recognition focuses on exploring and studying such problems, aircrafts under
different sub-categories and granularities lead us to rethink the application of
features. We noticed that features in swin-transformer demonstrates the under-
standing and processing of images, fully showcasing the encoding and indexing of information. Through this research and proposed approach, we discovered a
better understanding of features encoding and use, which are inspired by the
feature encoding and computation in swin-transformer. In our paper, our ap-
proach has achieved effects on features encoded graphically, manifested from the
architecture design and convolutional neural network computation, and outper-
forms other famous fine-graiend classification models on this issue. Not only
approach we proposed has demonstrated superior performance in fine-grained
aicraft classification, but also the mechanisms of the feature encoding under
different sample space partitions is revealed for this issue, which provides a re-
search for the representation of aircraft fineness characteristics. The relationship
between representation orientation of aircraft feature information under various
grained divisions, shows that the recognition of different categories according to
man-made, such as aircraft, can be achieved by means of the feature represen-
tations studied in this paper, for more specific defined classification tasks and
various man-made targets partition criteria, which may influences the princi-
ple of design for calculation and feature extraction in fine-grained classification
models.
Reduction of Blood Oxidative Stress Following Colorectal Cancer Resection
Authors: Sawai Katsuji , Goi Takanori , Kimura Youhei , Koneri Kenji
Published: September 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer is a major global health burden, with surgical resection being the standard treatment aimed at curative tumor removal. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer progression and prognosis. This study hypothesized that physical removal of colorectal cancer, a primary source of oxidative stress, would reduce blood levels of reactive oxygen metabolite derivatives (d-ROMs), a marker of oxidative stress, and biologic antioxidant potential (BAP) levels, a marker of antioxidant potential. Methods: The study included 123 patients who underwent radical resection for colorectal cancer. d-ROM and BAP levels were measured before and one month after surgery. Results: The clinicopathological analysis showed a correlation between preoperative d-ROM levels and tumor size (p<0.001). The study confirmed a significant reduction in d-ROM levels following tumor resection, indicating reduced systemic oxidative stress. The reduction was significant in stages II and III but not in stage I. The d-ROM ratio before and after tumor resection was significantly higher in cases with positive lymph node metastasis and larger tumor size. BAP levels showed no significant changes post-surgery. Conclusion: These results suggest that d-ROMs could serve as a valuable biomarker for monitoring tumor burden and surgical efficacy in patients with colorectal cancer.
Effect of Exposure to Blue Light from Electronic Devices and the Mediterranean Diet on Macular Pigment
Authors: García-Romera Marta-C. , Ponce-García Víctor , Torres-Parejo Úrsula , López-Muñoz Alfredo
Published: September 2024

Objective: To explore the effect of time exposure to flat screen electronic devices with LED 14 lighting and the Mediterranean diet on macular pigment optical density (MPOD). Methods: MPOD 15 was measured by heterochromatic flicker photometry in 164 eyes (47 of young women 20-31 years 16 and 35 adult women 42-70 years). Exclusion criteria: evidence of macular degeneration and eyes 17 with cataracts. Data on the use of electronic devices and Mediterranean diet adherence were col- 18 lected through a survey. Nonparametric analysis of variance and independent sample t-tests were 19 used to compare subjects. Results: Significant differences (p<0.01) were found in total time of expo- 20 sure to LEDs (hours per day) between both groups (9.31 ± 3.74 young women vs 6.33 ± 3.64 old 21 women). The MPOD values for the young and adult populations were significantly different: 0.38 ± 22 0.16 and 0.47 ± 0.15 (p<0.01), respectively. When comparing both groups for the same time of expo- 23 sure to LEDs, differences were obtained between MPOD values of both populations: For total expo- 24 sures greater than 6 hours per day, the MPOD values were lower in young women than in adult 25 ones (0.37 ± 0.14 vs 0.50 ± 0.14, p<0.01). On the other hand, a significantly higher adherence was 26 found in the old women in comparison with the young women (OW 9.23± 2.50 vs YW 7.70 ± 2.08, 27 p<0.01), with higher MPOD values, (OW (0.52 ± 0.14) vs (YW (0.34 ± 0.18). Conclusions: Higher 28 MPOD values are observed with decreasing exposure time to electronic devices with LED lighting 29 screens and high adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Production of Nano and Micro Powders and Composites from Radioactive Waste for the Space Industry
Authors: Kizka Valeriy
Published: September 2024

Taking into account modern technologies in the mining industry and in the processing of industrial waste, we propose to reprocess cemented low- and intermediate level radioactive waste by extracting all chemical compounds from them. Because of the low cost of space flights in the near future, we propose to use chemical compounds, extracted from radioactive waste, in the production of space electronics and structural materials for automatic space probes and rovers. At the same time, since nano- and micro powders, as well as composites with these fillers, are widely used today in electronics and technology, including in the space industry, the production of radioactive powders and composites will provide new scientific results in the field of materials science and solid-state physics, since nothing is known today about the properties of radioactive powders and composites containing radioactive sources inside.
Long-Term Effects of Symbiotic Supplementation at Different Rearing Stages on Serum Biochemistry and Clostridium perfringens Antibiotic Resistance in Laying Hens
Authors: Silva Webert Aurino da , Rabello Carlos Bôa-Viagem , Souza Lilian Francisco Arantes de , Nascimento Júlio Cézar dos Santos , Santos Marcos José Batista dos , Barros Mércia Rodrigues , Teixeira Miriam Nascimento , Oliveira Daniela Pinheiro de , Ribeiro Apolônio Gomes , Silva Dayane Albuquerque da , Clemente Saruanna Millena dos Santos
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated the effects of replacing zinc bacitracin with a symbiotic diet on the biochemical profile, liver development, and Clostridium perfringens presence in laying hens at 90 weeks of age. A total of 198 Dekalb–White hens were assigned to six experimental diets: MBM (corn, soybean meal, and meat and bone meal), BAC (MBM + 0.05% zinc bacitracin), and SIMC (MBM + 0.1% symbiotic), provided from day 1 to 90 weeks. Additional treatments, SIMR and SIMP, received symbiotics from weeks 6 and 17, re-spectively. At 90 weeks, blood and tissue samples were analyzed. Results showed that symbiotic-treated hens had 20% heavier livers (P < 0.01) and lower concentrations of uric acid, total proteins, AST, ALT, and LDH (P < 0.01) compared to BAC-treated birds. Phosphorus, triglycerides, and HDL levels were better in symbiotic groups. C. perfringens counts and antibiotic resistance (ampicillin, erythromycin, aminoglyco-sides, lincomycin, tetracycline, bacitracin) were significantly higher in BAC groups (P < 0.01). Symbiotic supplementation improved intestinal health, reduced pathogenic bacterial colonization, and enhanced liver function compared to continuous antibiotic use, especially when administered from early life stages.
Predictive Value of Serum VEGF Levels in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review
Authors: Kokkotou Eleni , Charpidou Andriani G. , Syrigos Nikolaos K.
Published: September 2024

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs) serve an essential role in tumor angiogenesis and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets in lung cancer. This review explores the significance of serum VEGF levels as a predictive biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The VEGF family, consisting of VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFD, and placenta growth factor (PlGF), engages with specific receptors, including tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3) and neuropilin receptors (NRP-1 and NRP-2), to promote angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. VEGF-A, the primary component of the VEGF family, binds to VEGFR-2 to stimulate endothelial cell proliferation and migration, while VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D interact with VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-3 to regulate tumor angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and metastasis. The VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway activates various downstream effectors, including phospholipase Cγ1, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt, which are essential for maintaining vascular homeostasis and promoting angiogenesis. In NSCLC, elevated serum VEGF levels have been observed, and the VEGF/VEGFR axis is frequently impaired, leading to irregular blood vessel formation and metastatic spread. Despite the development of anti-VEGF therapies, their impact on lung cancer outcomes has been limited. Further research is needed to optimize the effectiveness of these treatments and elucidate the potential of serum VEGF as a predictive biomarker in NSCLC.
Some Nanoparticle Applications Improve Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Boysenberry Plants Grown Under Salinity Stress In Vitro Cultivation Conditions
Authors: Kurt Zehra , Ateş Sevinç
Published: September 2024

Salinity, one of the most important abiotic stress factors, affects plant growth and limits agricultural productivity. In the study, the effects of iron (FeNP; 0.025 and 0.05 mM), silver (AgNP; 0,2 ve 0,4 mg L-1) and silicon dioxide (SiNP;7,5 ve 15 mg L-1) nanoparticles on morphological and physiological parameters of in vitro blackberry plants grown under salinity stress (NaCl; 15 mM ve 35 mM) were investigated. According to our study results, it was determined that higher values obtained from SiNP application in terms of shoot development parameters, FeNP application found more succesfull for root development, AgNP application was effective in SPAD, leaf relative water content (LRWC) and relative growth rate (RGR), and FeNP application was increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities. Salt stress was significantly affected the root development, SPAD value, LRWC and RGR, SOD and CAT enzyme activities. As a result, under salt stress conditions, SiNP, FeNP and AgNP applications can significantly reduce the negative effects of stress and promote vegetative development of the plant compared to control conditions.
Generative AI and Higher Education: Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions from a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Batista João , Mesquita Anabela , Carnaz Gonçalo
Published: September 2024

(1) Background: The development of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is transforming higher education. This systematic literature review synthesizes recent empirical studies on the use of GAI, focusing on its impact on teaching, learning, and institutional practices. (2) Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search strategy was employed to locate scientific articles on GAI in higher education, published by Scopus and Web of Science between January 2023 and January 2024. (3) Results: The search identified 102 articles, with 37 meeting the inclusion criteria. These studies were grouped into three themes: the application of GAI technologies, stakeholder acceptance and perceptions, and specific use situations. (4) Discussion: Key findings include GAI’s versatility and potential use, student acceptance, and educational enhancement. However, chal-lenges such as assessment practices, institutional strategies, and risks to academic integrity were also noted. (5) Conclusions: The findings help identify potential directions for future research, including assessment integrity and pedagogical strategies, ethical considerations and policy development, the impact on teaching and learning processes, perceptions of students and instructors, technological advancements, and the preparation of future skills and workforce readiness. The study has certain limitations, particularly due to the short time frame and the search criteria, which might have varied if conducted by different researchers.
Evaluation of the Use of Methylation as a New Tool for the Diagnostics and Progression of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions
Authors: Przybylski Marcin , Millert-Kalińska Sonja , Lis Agata , Pelc Ewa , Konopelski Przemysław , Jach Robert , Pruski Dominik
Published: September 2024

Vaccination against HPV significantly reduced the incidence of HPV-related le-sions worldwide. Considering the increasingly younger age of patients in the gynaecological office and the resulting earlier sexual initiation and potentially contact with the HPV virus, doctors need to have tools to verify the diagnosis. Nowadays, women plan motherhood later, so it is necessary to consider whether sexual treatment in the form of, among others, LEEP-conization may increase the risk of premature birth or difficulty dilating the cervix during labour.For this reason, to avoid overtreatment of LSIL changes, methylation testing may be considered. In patients with histopathologically confirmed HSIL during biopsy and ultimately a lower diagnosis - i.e., LSIL or no signs of atypia - methylation turned out to be a useful tool. We performed Pap-smear, HPV genotyping, punch biopsy, LEEP-conization (if needed) and methylation test in 108 women admitted to the District Public Hospital in Poland. Women with a negative methylation test result were significantly more likely to be ultimately diagnosed with LSIL (p=0.013). This means that in 85.7% of patients with HSIL, major cervical surgery could have been avoided if methylation was negative. Methylation testing, as well as dual-staining and diagnostics detecting mRNA transcripts of highly oncogenic types of HPV, might be used in future in the diagnosis of pre-cancerous conditions, mainly of the cervix, and in HPV-dependent cervical cancer screening. The methylation test may also be used in the diagnosis and identification of lesions within the cervical canal, including those located deep within the frontal crypts, not visible even during a professional colposcopic evaluation of the cervix, as well as within the crypts of the palatine tonsils - in diagnostics of head and neck diseases.
Leveraging Climate Data for Dengue Forecasting in Ba Ria Vung Tau Province, Vietnam: An Advanced Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Anh Tuan Dang , Dang Tran Ngoc
Published: September 2024

Dengue fever is a persistent public health issue in tropical regions, including Vietnam, where climate variability plays a crucial role in disease transmission dynamics. This study focuses on developing climate-based machine learning models to forecast dengue outbreaks in Ba Ria Vung Tau (BRVT) province, Vietnam, using meteorological data from 2003 to 2022. We utilized four predictive models—Negative Binomial Regression (NBR), Seasonal AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous Regressors (SARIMAX), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)—to predict weekly dengue incidence. Key climate variables, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind speed, were integrated into these models, with lagged variables included to capture delayed climatic effects on dengue transmission. The NBR model demonstrated the best performance in terms of predictive accuracy, achieving the lowest Mean Absolute Error (MAE) compared to other models. The inclusion of lagged climate variables significantly enhanced the model’s ability to predict dengue cases. SARIMAX and LSTM models, although effective in capturing seasonal trends, struggled with overfitting and failed to accurately predict short-term outbreaks. XGBoost exhibited moderate predictive power but was sensitive to overfitting, particularly without fine-tuning. Our findings confirm that climate-based machine learning models, particularly the NBR model, offer valuable tools for forecasting dengue outbreaks in BRVT. However, improving the models’ ability to predict short-term peaks remains a challenge. The integration of meteorological data into early warning systems is crucial for public health authorities to plan timely and effective interventions. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on climate-based disease forecasting and underscores the need for further model refinement to address the complexities of dengue transmission in highly endemic regions.
The Detection and Classification of Scaphoid Fracture in Radiograph by Using the Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Horng Ming-Huwi , Yang Tai-Hua , Sun Yung-Nien , Li Rong-Shiang
Published: September 2024

Objective:
Scaphoid fractures, particularly occult and non-displaced fractures, are difficult to detect using traditional X-ray methods due to their subtle appearance and variability in bone density.
The study proposes a two-stage CNN approach to detect and classify scaphoid fractures using anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral (LA) X-ray views for more accurate diagnosis.
Methods:
The study emphasizes the use of multi-view X-ray images (AP and LA views) to improve fracture detection and classification. The multi-view fusion module helps integrate information from both views to enhance detection accuracy, particularly for occult fractures that may not be visible in a single view. The proposed method includes two stages that are stage 1: Detect the scaphoid bone using Faster R-CNN and Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) for region proposal and small object detection. The detection accuracy for scaphoid localization is 100% with Intersection over Union (IoU) scores of 0.8662 for AP views and 0.8478 for LA views. And stage 2: Perform fracture classification using a ResNet backbone and FPN combined with a multi-view fusion module to combine features from both AP and LA views. This stage achieves a classification accuracy of 89.94%, recall of 87.33%, and precision of 90.36%.
Results:
The proposed model performs well in both scaphoid bone detection and fracture classification. The multi-view fusion approach significantly improves recall and accuracy in detecting fractures compared to single-view approaches.
In scaphoid detection, both AP and LA views achieved 100% detection accuracy.
In fracture detection, using multi-view fusion, the accuracy for AP views reached 87.16%, and for LA views, it reached 83.83%.
Conclusion:
The multi-view fusion model effectively improves the detection of scaphoid fractures, particularly in cases of occult and non-displaced fractures.
The model provides a reliable, automated approach to assist clinicians in detecting and diagnosing scaphoid fractures more efficiently.
Comprehensive Geophysical Exploration Technology for Sedimentary Exhalative Deposits: An Example from the Huaniushan Lead-Zinc-Silver Polymetallic Deposit in Gansu, China
Authors: Wang Shunji , GU Guanwen , Wu Ye , Niu Xingguo , Zhu Lin , Xu Zhihe , He Haoyuan , Wang Yingjie , Lin Xinglong , Cao Lai
Published: September 2024

The Huaniushan lead-zinc-silver deposit is a hydrothermal sedimentary exhalative deposit (SEDEX). The mining area has complex geological conditions. The main tectonic structure in the area is the Huaheitan-Shuangfengshan Fault (F3), which controls the distribution of strata and magmatic rocks. Since the discovery of the Huaniushan Lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposit, there are diverse understandings of the deposit's genesis and mineralization law, making it challenging to meet the geological interpretation requirements of the Huaniushan Lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposit. Moreover, a single geophysical exploration method utilizes limited rock physical parameters, making it difficult to effectively characterize underground structures. The integrated exploration of multiple geophysical methods can effectively integrate the geophysical characteristics of different rock physical parameters, reducing the multiplicity and uncertainty of geophysical data inverse interpretation. The comprehensive interpretation of three-dimensional inversion based on various geophysical data, the construction of geological-geophysical models based on geological grounds, the establishment of hidden ore exploration and positioning, and the rapid evaluation of geophysical technology systems are the current development trends in mineral exploration. In light of this, this paper conducts research on the three-dimensional inversion interpretation of the heavy magnetoelectric exploration data of the Huaniushan sedimentary exhalative deposit lead-zinc-silver polymetallic deposit in the mining area and constructs a three-dimensional geological-geophysical model of the study area based on the obtained three-dimensional physical structure of the underground three-dimensional density, magnetization intensity, resistivity, and polarizability structure of the study area, in combination with the information of related geology and drilling holes. It comprehensively interprets the favorable mineralization parts in the study area.
Enhancing Blood Glucose Control in Individuals with Prediabetes who Are Overweight/Obese: A Randomized Clinical Trial Utilizing Individualized Nutrition Therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Basiri Raedeh , Cheskin Lawrence J.
Published: September 2024

Prediabetes is a significant risk factor for the development of Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and other complications. Early diagnosis of prediabetes, coupled with education on lifestyle changes that support blood glucose management, are crucial for the prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes and related complications. This study aimed to examine the effects of individualized nutrition therapy (INT) combined with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on blood glucose control in individuals with prediabetes who are overweight or obesese. Participants (mean age ± SD: 55 ± 6 years; BMI: 31.1 ± 4.1 kg/m²) were randomly assigned to either the treatment group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15). Both groups received INT and CGM, but the control group was blinded to the CGM data until the end of the study. Participants were followed for 30 days and visited the lab every 10 days for CGM replacement, study measurements, and dietary consultations. The treatment group showed a significant increase in the percent of time in the target blood glucose range (p=0.02) and a significant decrease in mean blood glucose concentration (p<0.05), glucose management indicator (p=0.02), percent coefficient of variation for blood glucose (p=0.01), and the percent time spent in the high or very high blood glucose ranges (p= 0.04). These changes were not statistically significant for the control group. We conclude that adding CGM feedback to INT resulted in better management of blood glucose levels in overweight or obese individuals with prediabetes.