bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mind‐Body Commerce: Occasional Causation and Mental Representation in Anton Wilhelm Amo
Authors: West Peter
Published: August 2022

This paper contributes to a growing body of literature focusing on Anton Wilhelm Amo's account of the mind‐body relation. The first aim of this paper is to provide an overview of that literature, bringing together several interpretations of Amo's account of the mind‐body relation and providing a comprehensive overview of where the debate stands so far. Doing so reveals that commentary is split between those who take Amo to adopt a Leibnizian account of pre‐established harmony between mind and body and those who argue that Amo adopts a theory of occasional causation. Both views deny that the body is the efficient cause of the mind's ideas but while the Leibnizian account holds that ideas exist innately in the mind, the occasional causation account maintains that the body is their occasional cause. That is, on this reading of Amo, sensations in the body are the ‘occasion’ on which the mind efficiently causes its own ideas. The second aim of this paper – which promises to take this interpretative debate in a new direction – is to demonstrate that we should in fact attribute to Amo a specific version of occasional causation known as 'concurrentism'. Concurrentism is the view that, while the mind does efficiently cause its own ideas, it can only do so with the assistance (or ‘concurrence’) of God. In other words, on this view, God makes possible the efficient causal activity of the human mind in generating ideas, in response to ‘occasions’ in the body.
HLA‐DRB1*14:239, a novel HLA‐DRB1 allele with one exonic mutation
Authors: Zhong Xian‐xin , Quan Zhan‐rou , Wu Wang‐da , Luo Sheng‐hua , Yuan Rui
Published: August 2022

HLA‐DRB1*14:239 differs from HLA‐DRB1*14:03:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 82 in exon 2.
Description of the HLA‐DQB1*03:491 allele, first identified in a Brazilian individual
Authors: Vianna Romulo , Secco Danielle , Lopes Giovanna , Santos Angela , Porto Luís Cristóvão
Published: August 2022

The novel HLA‐DQB1*03:491 allele, first described in a potential bone marrow donor from Brazil.
Wall‐associated kinase‐like geneRL1contributes to red leaves in sorghum
Authors: Lv Ya , Chen Jun , Zhu Mengjiao , Liu Yishan , Wu Xiaoyuan , Xiao Xin , Yuyama Nana , Liu Fengxia , Jing Haichun , Cai Hongwei
Published: August 2022

Red leaves are common in trees but rare in cereal crops. Red leaves can be used as raw materials for anthocyanin extraction and may have some adaptive significance for plants. In this study, we discovered a red leaf phenotype in the F1hybrids derived from a cross between two sorghum accessions with green leaf. Histological analysis of red leaves and green leaves showed that red compounds accumulate in mesophyll cells and gradually spreads to the entire leaf blade. In addition, we found chloroplasts degraded more quickly in red leaves than in green leaves based on transmission electron microscopy. Metabolic analysis revealed that flavonoids including six anthocyanins are more abundant in red leaves. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed that expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes was upregulated in red leaves. These observations indicate that flavonoids and anthocyanins in particular, are ideal candidates for the red compounds accumulating in red leaves. Segregation analysis of the red leaf phenotype suggested a genetic architecture consisting of three dominant genes, one (RL1forRED LEAF1) of which we mapped to a 55‐kb region on chromosome 7 containing seven genes. Sequencing, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, and transcriptome analysis suggested Sobic.007G214300, encoding a wall‐associated kinase, as the most likely candidate forRL1. Fine mapping the red leaf gene and identifying the metabolites that cause red leaf in sorghum provide us with a better understanding of the red leaf phenotype in the natural population of sorghum.
The first clinical pig heart transplant: Was IVIg or pig cytomegalovirus detrimental to the outcome?
Authors: Cooper David K. C. , Yamamoto Takayuki , Hara Hidetaka , Pierson Richard N.
Published: August 2022

The clinical course of the first patient to receive a gene‐edited pig heart transplant was recently reported by the University of Maryland team. Although the pig heart functioned well for >40 days, serum anti‐pig antibodies then increased, and the patient sadly died after 60 days. Because of his debilitated pre‐transplant state, the patient never thrived despite excellent graft function for several weeks, and the cause of his demise continues to be uncertain. A few days before an increase in anti‐pig antibodies was observed, the patient had received intravenous human immunoglobulin (IVIg), and whether this played a role in his cardiac deterioration has been discussed. Furthermore, mcfDNA testing indicated an increase in pig cytomegalovirus (CMV), and its possible role in the development of cardiac dysfunction has also been considered. On the basis of the limited data provided in the publication and on our previous investigations into whether IVIg contains anti‐TKO pig antibodies and therefore might be deleterious to TKO pig organ xenografts, we suggest that the steady rise in anti‐pig antibody titer was more consistent with the failure of the immunosuppressive regimen to prevent elicited anti‐TKO pig antibody production, rather than from the passive transfusion of IVIg or the presence of pig CMV in the graft. Although the outcome of the Maryland experience was disappointing, valuable lessons were learned. Our attention was drawn to the potential risks of heart transplantation in a “deconditioned” patient, the administration of IVIg, the transmission of pig CMV, and of the difficulties in interpreting myocardial biopsy findings.
A Novel Decomposition Approach Preventing Spurious Entropy Generation in Hybrid Thermoacoustic Stability Computations
Authors: Heilmann Gerrit , Liu Tong , Romero Vega Pedro , Sattelmayer Thomas
Published: August 2022

Prominent approaches for the computation of thermoacoustic stability are hybrid methods like the linearized Navier–Stokes equations (LNSE) or the linearized Euler equations (LEE). The transient fluctuations around a precomputed steady-state mean flow field solved with these sets of equations naturally include the energy transition between acoustic, vertical, and entropic modes. It is common practice to account for flame-acoustic interactions by applying measured or computed flame transfer functions (FTF) as a volumetric source term proportional to the mean heat release rate in the energy equation. However, the underlying assumption of a static flame is the root cause of spurious entropy production, which may ultimately falsify the thermoacoustic stability predictions. In the present paper, a methodology to include arbitrary flame movement in the governing set of equations is presented. The procedure makes use of an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) description of conservation equations and is demonstrated for the Euler equations. The resulting set of linear perturbation equations is then applied to two test cases. First, the frequency response of a one-dimensional premixed air-methane flame is evaluated. Secondly, the frequency response of the first longitudinal eigenmode of an experimental premixed, swirl-stabilized combustor is computed. To demonstrate the reduction of spurious entropy waves, the results are compared to those of the classic LEE.
Micro-Mixing Combustion for Highly Recuperated Gas Turbines: Effects of Inlet Temperature and Fuel Composition on Combustion Stability and NOx Emissions
Authors: Landry-Blais Alexandre , Sivić Sani , Picard Mathieu
Published: August 2022

The micromix combustion concept offers an elegant compromise between premixed and nonpremixed combustion. By mixing the fuel and air at the smallest scale possible, one can achieve NOx emissions comparable to premixed combustion while removing the risks of auto-ignition and flashback. Current literature reports multiple micromix designs that achieve low NOx emissions (<10 ppm) with hydrogen or hydrogen-rich fuels at combustor inlet temperatures (CIT) representative of low to medium pressure ratio gas turbines (<650 K). This paper seeks to bridge the gap between current literature and the design requirements of highly recuperated ceramic gas turbines, which should allow low NOx operation with various fuels at combustor inlet temperatures upwards of 900 K. To this end, micromix injection nozzles were designed and tested at small scale to investigate the effects of fuel composition and inlet temperature on combustion stability and NOx emissions. The nozzles were additively manufactured in Inconel 625 having hundreds of holes as small as 0.25 mm. An axial swirler is used to induce recirculation of the products behind the nozzle, which helps stabilize combustion with hydrocarbon fuels due to their longer reaction times and slower flame speeds. Experimental results show that NOx emissions can be decreased down to premixed levels if the jet Damköhler number is kept under a critical value, which requires increasingly smaller holes or higher jet velocities as the inlet temperature increases. Combustion instabilities are observed at low inlet temperatures with hydrocarbons, which are also correlated to the jet Damköhler number.
Conformal and superconformal chemical vapor deposition of silicon carbide coatings
Authors: Huang Jing-Jia , Militzer Christian , Wijayawardhana Charles , Forsberg Urban , Pedersen Henrik
Published: August 2022

The approaches to conformal and superconformal deposition developed by Abelson and Girolami for a low-temperature, low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) setting relevant for electronic materials in micrometer or submicrometer scale vias and trenches, are tested here in a high-temperature, moderate pressure CVD setting relevant for hard coatings in millimeter-scale trenches. Conformal and superconformal deposition of polycrystalline silicon carbide (SiC) can be accomplished at deposition temperatures between 950 and 1000 °C with precursor partial pressure higher than 20 Pa and an optional minor addition of HCl as a growth inhibitor. The conformal deposition at low temperatures is ascribed to slower kinetics of the precursor consumption along the trench depth, whereas the impact of high precursor partial pressure and addition of inhibitor is attributable to surface site blocking. With the slower kinetics and the site blocking from precursor saturation leading the growth to nearly conformal and the possibly preferential inhibition effect near the opening than at the depth, a superconformal SiC coating with 2.6 times higher thickness at the bottom compared to the top of a 1 mm trench was achieved.
Hungry in the sun
Authors: Wong Wei
Published: August 2022

Ultraviolet exposure elicits the production of an appetite-stimulating hormone in males but not in females.
Respirable Clofazimine Particles Produced by Air Jet Milling Technique Are Efficacious in Treatment of BALB/c Mice with Chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Brunaugh Ashlee D. , Walz Amanda , Warnken Zachary , Pearce Camron , Munoz Gutierrez Juan , Koleng John J. , Smyth Hugh D. C. , Gonzalez-Juarrero Mercedes
Published: August 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where access to health care workers, cold-chain storage, and sterile water sources may be limited. Inhaled drug delivery is a promising alternative to systemic delivery of antimycobacterial drugs, as it enables rapid achievement of high infection-site drug concentrations.
Screening the Pathogen Box for Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum Sporozoite Motility Reveals a Critical Role for Kinases in Transmission Stages
Authors: Kanatani Sachie , Elahi Rubayet , Kanchanabhogin Sukanat , Vartak Natasha , Tripathi Abhai K. , Prigge Sean T. , Sinnis Photini
Published: August 2022

As the malaria parasite becomes resistant to every drug that we develop, the identification and development of novel drug candidates are essential. Many studies have screened compounds designed to target the clinically important blood stages.
Longitudinal Changes in
Campylobacter
and the Litter Microbiome throughout the Broiler Production Cycle
Authors: Valeris-Chacin Robert , Weber Bonnie , Johnson Timothy J. , Pieters Maria , Singer Randall S.
Published: August 2022

This study interrogated the longitudinal association between
Campylobacter
and broiler litter microbiome in commercial broiler flocks. The results of this investigation highlighted differences in
Campylobacter
dynamics in the litter throughout the broiler production cycle and between small and big broilers.
Biofilms with a Dash of Color: A Hands-On Activity for School Students to Build a Biofilm Model and Use It to Understand Antibiotic Tolerance in Biofilms
Authors: Kadam Snehal , Methwani Kashish , Kaushik Karishma S.
Published: August 2022

It is increasingly recognized that microbes such as bacteria exist in communities or biofilms, both in the environment and human body. However, school biology curricula continue to focus on the free-floating form of bacterial life, with minimal descriptions of biofilms. Consequently, there is a need to introduce biofilms to school students, to not only to develop a fundamental understanding of microbial life but also to highlight the challenges posed by biofilm infections to antibiotic treatment.
Genome Sequences of Elezi, Asa16, and Niobe, Three Cluster AZ Phages Isolated Using Arthrobacter globiformisB-2979
Authors: Elezi Emanuela , Sellers Erica , Abdulla Alia , DeCiucis Marisa A. , Lynch Brielle R. , Nowak Mark , Outlaw Jamie , Ramos Camila , Ramos-Arvelo Jacklyn , Rokas Sophia , Torres-Cintrón Yadinitza , Uka Simon , Uka Stefan , Vargas Luz D. , Edgington Nicholas P.
Published: August 2022

The Actinobacteriophages Elezi, Asa16, and Niobe infectArthrobacter globiformisB-2979and are closely related to Eraser and London in Cluster AZ. They have flexible noncontractile tails, are predicted to be temperate phages, and their genome sizes range between 43,471 bp and 43,602 bp.
Diversity and Composition of Methanotroph Communities in Caves
Authors: Webster Kevin D. , Schimmelmann Arndt , Drobniak Agnieszka , Mastalerz Maria , Rosales Lagarde Laura , Boston Penelope J. , Lennon Jay T.
Published: August 2022

Recent observations have shown the atmospheric greenhouse gas methane (CH
4
) is consumed by microorganisms (methanotrophs) in caves at rates comparable to CH
4
oxidation in surface soils. Caves are abundant in karst landscapes that comprise 14% of Earth’s land surface area, and therefore may represent a potentially important, but overlooked, CH
4
sink.
Mycobacterium ulceranslung infection in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Chamseddine Shadi , Hindy Joya-Rita , Haddad Sara F , Kanj Souha S
Published: August 2022

Mycobacterium ulceranshas been implicated in cutaneous manifestations in humans, causing persistent wounds called Buruli ulcer. However, it has not been associated with pulmonary infections in humans to date. Herein, we report a case of an immunocompetent adult man with no underlying medical problems presenting with dyspnoea and generalised malaise and diagnosed withM. ulceranslung infection. The patient was prescribed clarithromycin 500 mg two times per day, rifampin 300 mg two tablets daily and moxifloxacin 400 mg daily for 6 months, with complete resolution of his symptoms.
Training of radiology specialists in local staging of primary rectal cancer on MRI: a prospective intervention study exploring the impact of various educational elements on the interpretive performance
Authors: Bregendahl Sidse , Bondeven Peter , Grønborg Therese Koops , Brown Gina , Laurberg Søren , Pedersen Bodil Ginnerup
Published: August 2022

Background

MRI interpretation and accurate radiological staging are crucial to the important treatment decisions and a consequent successful patient outcome in rectal cancer.

Aims

To investigate the effect of intensive training on rectal cancer MRI staging performance of radiologists and the impact of different course elements on learning outcomes.

Methods

In this prospective intervention study, 17 radiology specialists and 1 radiology registrar participated in a training programme including a 6-hour imaging workshop, a 3-hour session of individual feedback and independent MRI readings of primary rectal cancer cases. Their rectal MRI interpretive performance was evaluated through repeated readings of 30 training cases before and after each course element and a time interval with no educational intervention. A proforma template for MRI staging of primary rectal cancer was used and the results were compared with a reference standard of an expert panel. Participants repeatedly reported on confidence scores and self-assessed learning outcome. Outcomes were analysed using mixed-effects models.

Results

At baseline the quality of rectal MRI assessment varied significantly, with a higher interpretive performance among participants with shorter radiological experience (10.2 years vs 19.9 years, p=0.02). The ability to perform correct treatment allocation improved from 72% to 82% (adjusted OR=2.36, 95% CI 1.64 to 3.39). The improvement was largely driven by the participants with lower performance at baseline and by prevention of overstaging. Individual feedback had a significant impact on the improved interpretive performance (adjusted OR=1.82, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.63), whereas no significant change was seen after workshop or case readings only. Confidence scores increased significantly during training.

Conclusions

Targeted and individualised training improves the rectal cancer MRI interpretive performance essential to successful patient treatment, especially among radiology specialists with lower performance at baseline.
Predictors of extubation success: a population-based study of neonates below a gestational age of 26 weeks
Authors: Ohnstad Mari Oma , Stensvold Hans Jørgen , Pripp Are Hugo , Tvedt Christine Raaen , Jelsness-Jørgensen Lars-Petter , Astrup Henriette , Eriksen Beate Horsberg , Klingenberg Claus , Mreihil Khalaf , Pedersen Tanja , Rettedal Siren , Selberg Terje Reidar , Solberg Rønnaug , Støen Ragnhild , Rønnestad Arild E
Published: August 2022

Objective

The aim of the study was to investigate first extubation attempts among extremely premature (EP) infants and to explore factors that may increase the quality of clinical judgement of extubation readiness.

Design and method

A population-based study was conducted to explore first extubation attempts for EP infants born before a gestational age (GA) of 26 weeks in Norway between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018. Eligible infants were identified via the Norwegian Neonatal Network database. The primary outcome was successful extubation, defined as no reintubation within 72 hours after extubation.

Results

Among 482 eligible infants, 316 first extubation attempts were identified. Overall, 173 (55%) infants were successfully extubated, whereas the first attempt failed in 143 (45%) infants. A total of 261 (83%) infants were extubated from conventional ventilation (CV), and 55 (17%) infants were extubated from high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). In extubation from CV, pre-extubation fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ≤0.35, higher Apgar score, higher GA, female sex and higher postnatal age were important predictors of successful extubation. In extubation from HFOV, a pre-extubation FiO2 level ≤0.35 was a relevant predictor of successful extubation.

Conclusions

The correct timing of extubation in EP infants is important. In this national cohort, 55% of the first extubation attempts were successful. Our results suggest that additional emphasis on oxygen requirement, sex and general condition at birth may further increase extubation success when clinicians are about to extubate EP infants for the first time.
Effects of litter from antimicrobial-fed broiler chickens on soil bacterial community structure and diversity
Authors: Muhammad Bilal , Diarra Moussa S. , Islam Md Rashedul , Lepp Dion , Mastin-Wood Rose E. , Topp Edward , Bittman Shabtai , Zhao Xin
Published: August 2022

This study examined changes in soil bacterial community composition and diversity in response to fertilization with litter from chickens fed a diet without antibiotics and with bambermycin, penicillin, bacitracin, salinomycin, or mix of salinomycin and bacitracin. Litter (27.5 T/ha) was applied to 24 agricultural plots in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia. Nonfertilized plots were used as a negative control. Soil samples collected from the studied plots were used to quantify Escherichia coli by plate counts, and Clostridium perfringens by qPCR. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for microbiota analysis. Following litter application in December, the population size of E. coli was 5.4 log CFU/g; however, regardless of treatments, the results revealed 5.2 and 1.4 log CFU/g of E. coli in soil sampled in January and March, respectively. Fertilization with litter from antibiotic-treated birds increased ( P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes in soil, but decreased Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia groups. The alpha diversity parameters were higher ( P < 0.05) in nonfertilized soil compared to the fertilized ones, suggesting that litter application was a major factor in shaping the soil bacterial communities. These results may help develop efficient litter management strategies like composting, autoclaving, or anaerobic digestion of poultry litter before application to land for preservation of soil health and crop productivity.
Influence of the electrochemical processing parameters on the photocurrent–voltage conversion characteristics of copper bismuth selenide photoactive films
Authors: Eraky M. S. , Sanad Moustafa M. S. , El-Sayed E. M. , Shenouda Atef Y. , El-Shereafy El-Sayed
Published: August 2022

Thin-film deposition using electrodeposition techniques is highly preferable because of its capability to deposit multi-component alloys at low temperatures. In this regard, copper bismuth selenide (CBSe) films were electrodeposited in two various ways, simultaneous and successive electrodeposition processes. The structural and morphological characterizations of the obtained films were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer (XPS). The CBSe alloy films formed by successive electrodeposition revealed better crystallinity and more regular morphology in comparison with simultaneous electrodeposited CBSe films. The prepared CBSe film by successive electrodeposition exhibited high light absorptivity and low band gap energy value (Eg = 1.65 eV) resulting in a higher photoelectrical response. The crystallization of the ternary CBSe film electrodeposited via successive routine obeyed the instantaneous nucleation mechanism, while the CBSe film obtained by simultaneous electrodeposition agreed with the progressive nucleation mechanism. Successive electrodeposition of ternary CBSe alloy film achieved greater values of photocurrent–voltage conversion efficiency (η = 1.26%) in photoelectrochemical systems.

Graphic abstract
US-Rule: Discovering Utility-driven Sequential Rules
Authors: Huang Gengsen , Gan Wensheng , Weng Jian , Yu Philip S.
Published: August 2022

Utility-driven mining is an important task in data science and has many applications in real life. High-utility sequential pattern mining (HUSPM) is one kind of utility-driven mining. It aims at discovering all sequential patterns with high utility. However, the existing algorithms of HUSPM can not provide a relatively accurate probability to deal with some scenarios for prediction or recommendation. High-utility sequential rule mining (HUSRM) is proposed to discover all sequential rules with high utility and high confidence. There is only one algorithm proposed for HUSRM, which is not efficient enough. In this article, we propose a faster algorithm called US-Rule, to efficiently mine high-utility sequential rules. It utilizes the rule estimated utility co-occurrence pruning strategy (REUCP) to avoid meaningless computations. Moreover, to improve its efficiency on dense and long sequence datasets, four tighter upper bounds (LEEU, REEU, LERSU, and RERSU) and corresponding pruning strategies (LEEUP, REEUP, LERSUP, and RERSUP) are designed. US-Rule also proposes the rule estimated utility recomputing pruning strategy (REURP) to deal with sparse datasets. Finally, a large number of experiments on different datasets compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm demonstrate that US-Rule can achieve better performance in terms of execution time, memory consumption, and scalability.
LEAP: Scaling Numerical Optimization Based Synthesis Using an Incremental Approach
Authors: Smith Ethan , Davis Marc Grau , Larson Jeffrey , Younis Ed , Oftelie Lindsay Bassman , Lavrijsen Wim , Iancu Costin
Published: August 2022

While showing great promise, circuit synthesis techniques that combine numerical optimization with search over circuit structures face scalability challenges due to a large number of parameters, exponential search spaces, and complex objective functions. The LEAP algorithm improves scaling across these dimensions using iterative circuit synthesis, incremental reoptimization, dimensionality reduction, and improved numerical optimization. LEAP draws on the design of the optimal synthesis algorithm QSearch by extending it with an incremental approach to determine constant prefix solutions for a circuit. By narrowing the search space, LEAP improves scalability from four to six qubit circuits. LEAP was evaluated with known quantum circuits such as QFT and physical simulation circuits like the VQE, TFIM, and QITE. LEAP can compile four qubit unitaries up to 59× faster than QSearch and five and six qubit unitaries with up to 1.2× fewer CNOTs compared to the QFAST package. LEAP can reduce the CNOT count by up to 36×, or 7× on average, compared to the CQC Tket compiler. Despite its heuristics, LEAP has generated optimal circuits for many test cases with
a priori
known solutions. The techniques introduced by LEAP are applicable to other numerical optimization based synthesis approaches.
Meta-ED: Cross-lingual Event Detection Using Meta-learning for Indian Languages
Authors: Roy Aniruddha , Sharma Isha , Sarkar Sudeshna , Goyal Pawan
Published: August 2022

Lack of annotated data is a major concern in Event Detection (ED) tasks for low-resource languages. Cross-lingual ED seeks to address this issue by transferring information across various languages to improve overall performance. In this article, we propose a method for cross-lingual ED with a few training instances. We present a model agnostic meta-learning approach for few-shot cross-lingual ED that is able to find good parameter initialization and enables fast adaptation to new low-resource languages. We evaluate our model on four Indian languages. The results show that our approach significantly outperforms the base model.
Electrochemical Performance of Fe2O3@PPy Nanocomposite as an Effective Electrode Material for Supercapacitor
Authors: Balasubramanian N. , Prabhu S. , Sakthivel N. , Ramesh R. , Kumar S. Arun , Anbarasan P. M.
Published: August 2022

Herein, we offer the study on the conductive polymer of polypyrrole and iron oxide (Fe2O3@PPy) nanocomposites, which are prepared via a simple chemical oxidation method for energy storage applications. The synthesized nanocomposites are confirmed by the physico-chemical properties through Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results along with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge–Discharge (GCD) and stability analyses. The surface morphological studies of SEM and high TEM images substantiated the formation of Fe2O3@PPy nanocomposite via the polymerization process. The prepared Fe2O3@PPy nanocomposites deliver at a specific capacity of 395.45 C g−1 at 5 mV s−1 scan rate. Moreover, Fe2O3@PPy nanocomposite shows outstanding cycling stability of capacity 94.3% even after 10000 cycles of charge-discharge at the highest current density value of 10 A g−1. The remarkable electrochemical energy storage manner of as-synthesized Fe2O3@PPy nanocomposite is considered a potential electrode for supercapacitor application. The higher electrochemical performance of this Fe2O3@PPy nanocomposite it’s suitable for numerous applications like batteries, sensors, photocatalysts, solar cells and commercial requirements.
Endothelin-1 depletion of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein modulates pulmonary artery superoxide and iron metabolism-associated mitochondrial heme biosynthesis
Authors: Yu Hang , Alruwaili Norah , Kelly Melissa R. , Zhang Bin , Liu Aijing , Wang Yingqi , Sun Dong , Wolin Michael S.
Published: August 2022

This study examines if heme biosynthesis-associated iron metabolism is regulated in pulmonary arteries by endothelin-1 (ET1) potentially through modulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) availability. Our studies in organoid-cultured endothelium-rubbed bovine pulmonary arteries (BPAs) observed COMP depletion by siRNA or hypoxia increases NOX2 and superoxide and depletes mitochondrial SOD2. ET1 also increases superoxide in a manner that potentially impairs mitochondrial heme biosynthesis. In this study, organoid culture of BPA with ET1 (10 nM) increases superoxide in the mitochondrial matrix and extramitochondrial regions associated with COMP depletion, and COMP (0.5 μM) inhibited these superoxide increases. As mitochondrial matrix superoxide could impair heme biosynthesis from protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) by decreasing Fe2+ availability and/or ferrochelatase (FECH), we studied ET1, COMP, and COMP siRNA effects on the expression of FECH, transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1, an indicator of iron availability) and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC, a key heme-dependent protein), and on measurements of PpIX (HPLC) and heme content. ET1 decreased FECH, heme, and sGC, and increased TfR1 and iron. COMP reversed these effects of ET1, and COMP decreased PpIX and increased heme in the absence of ET1. COMP siRNA increased PpIX detection and TfR1 expression and decreased the expression of FECH and sGC. Nitric oxide (spermine NONOate) relaxation of BPA was inhibited by ET1, and this was attenuated by COMP during exposure to ET1. Thus, COMP depletion by ET1 or siRNA modulates pulmonary artery iron metabolism, which results in loss of heme biosynthesis and heme-dependent cGMP mechanisms.
COVID-19 and Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Delmonte Ottavia M. , Castagnoli Riccardo , Notarangelo Luigi D.
Published: August 2022

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting immune host defense and immunoregulation. Considering the predisposition to develop severe and chronic infections, it is crucial to understand the clinical evolution of COVID-19 in IEI patients. This review analyzes clinical outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as response to COVID-19 vaccines in patients with IEI.
Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease with Image Features of Optical Coherence Tomography under Adaptive Segmentation Algorithm
Authors: Lin Chaozhang
Published: August 2022

This research was aimed at exploring the application value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images under adaptive segmentation algorithm in the early diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Eighty-two patients with CHD were included, who were to undergo coronary angiography (CAG) to confirm their condition. According to the diagnostic criteria of CHD in the American Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS), the patients were divided into the stable plaque group (41 cases) and unstable plaque group (41 cases). Besides, 20 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group, and all of them underwent OCT scans. On the basis of a fourth-order partial differential equation (PDE) and active contour (AC) model, a novel adaptive image segmentation algorithm PDE-AC was constructed and used for OCT image processing. No significant difference was found in general clinical data and serological indicators in the control group compared to the other two groups (

P
>
0.05

). The lipid plaque length, degree of stenosis, and lipid pool angle, macrophages and intimal erosion, and plaque fissure in the unstable plaque group were highly greater than those in the stable plaque group. The fibrous cap thickness (FCT) was significantly thinner than that in the stable plaque group (

P
<
0.05

). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of OCT under PDE-AC algorithm for CHD (91.53%, 84.08%, and 95.38%) were markedly higher than those of single OCT (83.46%, 75.11%, and 88.02%) (

P
<
0.05

). In summary, OCT images under PDE-AC algorithm did better than simple OCT images in the diagnosis of CHD. Lipid plaque length, degree of stenosis, and lipid pool angle, macrophage and intimal erosion, plaque fissure, and FCT were important indicators for judging plaque stability, having the better clinical application value.
Study on the Tooth Profile Parameters Design Method of Crown Gear Coupling for Helicopter Tail Folding Device
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Zhang Zhao , Wang Xi , Liu Shuai , Zhu Rupeng
Published: August 2022

Shipboard helicopter folding technology can increase the number of helicopters parked on board aircraft carriers. Crown gear coupling is the trend in helicopter tail rotor folding technology due to its ability to automatically and quickly engage and disengage helicopter tail rotors. This paper presents a method for the design of tooth parameters for crown gear coupling for folding devices. The model of the relationship between tooth shape parameters and angular displacement of the crown gear coupling and the model of the relationship between angular displacement and shaft line angle of the crown gear coupling were established, respectively, and the basic parameters of tooth shape and modified parameters of the crown gear coupling were designed. The correctness of the design method of the tooth parameters of the crown gear coupling for the folding device was also verified through motion simulation. The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of crown gear couplings for folding devices.
Determinants of Food Insecurity and the Choice of Livelihood Strategies: The Case of Abay Chomen District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebissa Bacha , Geremew Wandu
Published: August 2022

Most of the sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia were affected by the food insecurity issue. This study aimed to analyze the drivers of food insecurity, the choice of livelihood strategies, and factors that impact the choices of food security strategies in response to food insecurity in Abay Chomen District of Ethiopia’s Oromia region, Ethiopia. The result of this study is based on primary data and obtained from 150 randomly chosen sample households and secondary data generated from various sources. As for the technique of data analysis, this study employed descriptive statistics for the food insecurity index, as well as a binary logistic model and a multinomial logit model for the choice of household livelihood techniques. The findings of the survey showed that 51.3% of the households were found to be food-insecure and 48.7% food-safe in the study area. Furthermore, the result indicated that the average calorie consumption of the households surveyed was 2008.54 kcal for each adult equivalent per day, which is below the lowest calorie necessity of 2200 kcal. The estimated logistic model outcome on the drivers of household food insecurity confirmed the oldness of the household leader, larger family holder, and off-farm income affects negatively, while the gender of the household leader, the size of the built-up area, the number of livestock holdings (except oxen), the number of oxen owned, access to credit, the participation in the sale of cattle, and others affect positively. In addition, the multinomial logit model result indicates that the educational status of the household leader, the size of livestock farming, the number of oxen possessed, access to credit, remoteness to the market, and monthly agricultural earning are the main drivers of the choice of livelihood strategies of concern for the food insecurity of households. As a result, this research attempted to produce a result of analysis with a defined scope, although many questions remain unsolved. Future studies should concentrate on presenting fundamental data on the factors that affect food security status and livelihood strategy, the social, political, natural, and environmental aspects, the descriptive information on the shopping habits of people who experience food insecurity, and the key aspects that increase the vulnerability of the rural poor to food insecurity.
Key-Value Data Collection with Distribution Estimation under Local Differential Privacy
Authors: Li Xiaoguang , Yan Haonan , Zheng Gewei , Li Hui , Li Fenghua
Published: August 2022

Local differential privacy (LDP) is a promising privacy-preserving technology from users’ perspective, as users perturb their private information locally before reporting to the aggregator. We study the problem of collecting heterogeneous data, that is, key-value pairs under LDP, which is widely involved in real-world applications. Although previous LDP work on key-value data collection achieves a good utility on frequency estimation of key and distribution estimation of value, they have three downfalls: (1) existing work perturbs numerical value in a discrete manner that does not exploit the ordinal nature of the numerical domain and lead to poor accuracy, (2) they do not lead to improved privacy budget composition and consume more privacy budget than necessary to achieve the given privacy level, and (3) the frequency estimation of the key is not the most accurate due to the lack of consistency requirement. In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism to collect key-value data under LDP leveraging the numerical nature of the domain and result in better utility. Due to our correlated perturbation, the mechanism consumes less privacy budget than previous work while keeping the privacy level. We also adopt consistency as the postprocessing, which is applied to the estimated key frequency to further improve the accuracy. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that our approach consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art mechanisms under the same LDP guarantee.
Robot Selection Using An Integrated MAGDM Model Based on ELECTRE Method and Linguistic q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Information
Authors: Bao Hengjia , Shi Xuecheng
Published: August 2022

With the development of engineering sciences, many companies are using robots in different industries to improve the efficiency and accuracy of their work. However, the need for robots under different requirements is different, which makes the selection of robots complex. In this paper, a linguistic q-rung orthogonal fuzzy multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) method based on ELECTRE is proposed for robot selection. First, the basic Hausdorff distance is extended to the linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment to measure the deviation between two linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers and two linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets. Then, the properties of the linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy distance measure based on Hausdorff distance are investigated. In addition, two maximum deviation models for deriving the weights of decision-makers and attributes are proposed. Moreover, a new MAGDM method is proposed by extending the ELECTRE method to the linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment. Finally, the practicality as well as the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through a case study of the robot selection problem. The linguistic q-rung distance measure is used to construct two maximum deviation models to objectively derive the weights of attributes and decision-makers, and the linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy ELECTRE method is used to complete the selection of robots for a clean energy company. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis of the parameter in the proposed method is provided, and the superiority of the new method is illustrated by the comparison with existing MAGDM methods.
Analysis of the Effect of Fast Recovery Surgery Concept on Perioperative Nursing Care of Patients with Radical Resection of Cervical Cancer and Its Influence on Psychological Status
Authors: Lu Yun , Xu Luxi , Lin Xiaoyu , Qi Xueling , Xia Ling , Wang Yuan
Published: August 2022

Objective. To explore the applied effect of fast-track surgery concept in the perioperative nursing of patients undergoing radical cervical cancer surgery and its influence on mental state. Methods. The clinical data of 110 patients undergoing radical cervical cancer surgery in our hospital from May 2015 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were randomly divided into a research group (n = 55) and a reference group (n = 55). The reference group received routine clinical nursing, and the research group received fast-track surgical nursing. Then, we compared their nursing effect and influence on the mental state of patients in the two groups. Results. The Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores of patients in the two groups after intervention were significantly lower than those before the intervention (

P

 < 0.001), and after intervention, patients in the research group had significantly lower KPS scores as compared to patients in the reference group (

P

 < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores and self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores of patients in the two groups after intervention in comparison with before intervention (

P

 < 0.001), and patients in the research group after intervention had significantly lower SAS and SDS scores compared to the reference group (

P

 < 0.001). Patients in the research group spent short time on expelling gas, eating, and getting out of bed as compared to the reference group (

P

 < 0.001); after intervention, compared to patients in the reference group, patients in the research group had significantly higher scores in cognitive function, emotional function, social function, and physical function (

P

 < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IgA, IgM, and IgG levels before intervention (

P

 > 0.05). After intervention, the IgA, IgM, and IgG levels of patients in the two groups were all lower than before intervention, and patients in the research group had significantly higher IgA, IgM, and IgG levels as compared to the reference group (

P

 < 0.001); the complication rate of patients in the research group was significantly lower than that in the reference group (

P

 < 0.05). Conclusion. The fast-track surgery concept effectively helps improve the negative emotion of patients, shorten recovery time, improve quality of life, and reduce the impact on immune function in the radical cervical cancer surgery, and it is worthy of promotion and application, with a high safety.
Analysis of e-Mail Spam Detection Using a Novel Machine Learning-Based Hybrid Bagging Technique
Authors: Rayan Alanazi
Published: August 2022

e-mail service providers and consumers find it challenging to distinguish between spam and nonspam e-mails. The purpose of spammers is to spread false information by sending annoying messages that catch the attention of the public. Various spam identification techniques have been suggested and evaluated in the past, but the results show that the more research in this regard is required to enhance accuracy and to reduce training time and error rate. Thus, this research proposes a novel machine learning-based hybrid bagging method for e-mail spam identification by combining two machine learning methods: random forest and J48 (decision tree). The proposed framework categorizes the e-mail into ham and spam. The database is split into multiple sets and provided as input to each method in this procedure. Moreover, tokenization, stemming, and stop word removal are performed in the preprocessing stage. Further, correlation feature selection (CFS) is employed in this research to select the required features from the preprocessed data. The effectiveness of the presented method is evaluated in terms of true-negative rates, accuracy, recall, precision, false-positive rate, f-measure, and false-negative rate; the outcomes of three studies are compared. According to the results, the presented hybrid bagged model-based SMD technology achieved 98 percent accuracy.
A New Generalized Class of Exponential Factor-Type Estimators for Population Distribution Function Using Two Auxiliary Variables
Authors: Ahmad Sohaib , Aamir Muhammad , Hussain Sardar , Shabbir Javid , Zahid Erum , Subkrajang Khanyaluck , Jirawattanapanit Anuwat
Published: August 2022

In this article, we propose a generalized class of exponential factor type estimators for estimation of the finite population distribution function (PDF) using an auxiliary variable in the form of the mean and rank of the auxiliary variable exist. The expressions of the bias and mean square error of the estimators are computed up to the first order approximation. The proposed estimators provide minimum mean square error as compared to all other considered estimators. Three real data sets are used to check the performance of the proposed estimators. Moreover, simulation studies are also carried out to observe the performances of the proposed estimators. The proposed estimators confirmed their superiority numerically as well as theoretically by producing efficient results as compared to all other competing estimators.
FSEE: A Forward Secure End-to-End Encrypted Message Transmission System for IoT
Authors: Cui Li , Qianqian Xing , Yi Wang , Baosheng Wang , Jing Tao , Liu Liu
Published: August 2022

Leakage of long-term secrets is a major concern when cryptographic schemes are implemented on devices with weak protection capability, especially for resource-constrained IoT devices. Forward secrecy is a means to minimize the damage when such an event takes place. For pub-/sub-based IoT systems, several end-to-end (from publisher to subscriber) encrypted message transmission schemes have been proposed to tackle the confidentiality problems brought by malicious message brokers. But none of them provide forward secrecy. This article presents FSEE, a forward secure end-to-end encrypted message transmission system for pub-/sub-based IoT. To support FSEE, we design a novel group key exchange protocol BA-GKE, which relies on a semi-trusted key exchange server to provide forward secrecy and support asynchronous communication between group members. We prove its forward secrecy by ProVerif. The core idea of FSEE is to establish a forward secure symmetric key per device using BA-GKE asynchronously, and this device-specific key is shared with the device and its authorized subscribers for encrypting messages securely. By adding a semi-trusted key exchange server to realize BA-GKE in the current IoT architecture, FSEE does not need to change the existing message broker and could be deployed incrementally. The experimental results show that FSEE has comparable performance to existing prominent research and provides higher security.
Adaptive Fuzzy Control of Sludge Conditioning and Pressing
Authors: Long Luo
Published: August 2022

The basic technological process of sludge conditioning and pressing is introduced in this paper. The purpose is to set up an adaptive fuzzy control algorithm to treat the problems of conditioning, mixing, feeding, and pressing control, so that the equipment used to process the sludge can run on demand. The algorithm is verified by MATLAB simulation. The results show that the control accuracy of the fuzzy adaptive control system is significantly improved compared with the original PID (proportion integration differentiation) control algorithm. The upper computer program is compiled with VB (visual basic) and applied to industry control to save the energy consumption.