bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégias de atuação da enfermagem para promoção do aleitamento materno
Authors: Souza Alane Dantas Araújo de , Araújo Shelda Cunha de , Bomfim Aiara Nascimento Amaral , Santos Josely Bruce dos
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as estratégias de atuação da enfermagem para promoção do aleitamento materno. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, identificando-se artigos nas bases Biblioteca Virtual Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e PubMed. A busca realizou-se no período de abril a outubro de 2020, sendo encontrados 4.302 documentos, e desses, selecionados 75 estudos para serem analisados, dentre os quais, 66 artigos não atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e foram excluídos. A análise do material se dispôs por meio do estudo de Bardin, através da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Foram usados no presente estudo 9 artigos, relatando que as estratégias de atuação da enfermagem para promover a amamentação empregaram-se a partir das orientações fornecidas para promoção do aleitamento materno, educação permanente para os profissionais e a inserção familiar no período de amamentar. Considerações finais: O desempenho dos profissionais que atuam no período gravídico-puerperal é indeclinável, tornando-se relevantes na promoção, incentivo e apoio ao aleitamento materno, produzindo impactos positivos na prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo.
Câncer colorretal: principais complicações e a importância do diagnóstico precoce
Authors: Gashti Sarah Menezes , Tondo André Luiz Caramori , Freitag Isabella , De Araújo Juliana Maria Mendes , Rochemback Liliane , Orth Luiza , Lira Marina , Rezende Paula Donizete , Gomes Silvia Campos , Pareja Helen Brambila Jorge
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Revisar a literatura com o objetivo de identificar as principais complicações do câncer colorretal (CCR). Revisão Bibliográfica: O CCR é um tumor maligno responsável por ser a terceira causa de morte associada ao câncer no Brasil. O CCR pode ser classificado como familiar ou esporádico, sendo o último, o mais predominante. Devido ao diagnóstico tardio, por um déficit no rastreio adequado, há o aumento de incidência de complicações, sendo elas: obstrução intestinal, a qual corresponde a 24% de prevalência nos estágios avançados da doença; perfuração intestinal, tem incidência que pode variar entre 2,6% a 12% e, dessa forma, é considerada a mais letal por estar relacionada às peritonites secundárias; e hemorragia colorretal, sendo comum, atingindo 50% dos pacientes. Considerações Finais: Evidencia-se a importância do rastreamento precoce do CCR, a fim de minimizar complicações decorrentes do diagnóstico tardio e, com isso, atenuar agravos no prognóstico do paciente, proporcionando a cura.
Relação entre vitamina D e distúrbios metabólicos em mulheres menopausadas
Authors: Spirlandeli Amanda Mendes , Pulicano Luana Mara Maciel Machado , Felipe Fernanda , Dair Elisabete Lilian , Carloni Marcelo Ballaben
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: O trabalho objetiva estabelecer uma relação direta entre o perfil metabólico de mulheres menopausadas com a concentração sérica de vitamina D. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo com a participação de 25 mulheres na menopausa, em consulta no Ambulatório Escola universitário. Foi solicitado a elas exames de glicemia, colesterol total, HDL e LDL colesterol, triglicérides e vitamina D, além de avaliação de altura, peso, cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e questionário sobre prática de atividade física, utilizando a correlação linear de Pearson para análise. Resultados: Observou-se relação inversa entre os valores de colesterol total e LDL, diferente do que foi observado em relação ao IMC, circunferência abdominal, HDL, em que houve fraca correlação. Sobre os valores de glicemia e da densitometria óssea, houve relação direta, porém de fraca magnitude. Conclusão: Dessa forma, o trabalho se equipara em alguns aspectos a outros já realizados sobre o assunto, sendo de grande importância a realização de novos estudos, uma vez que se for provada, a reposição de vitamina D pode ser benéfica para minimizar risco cardiovasculares em menopausadas, como na população em geral.
Composition patterns and network structure of epiphyte–host interactions in Chilean and New Zealand temperate forests
Authors: Taylor A , Saldaña A , Zotz G , Kirby C , Díaz I , Burns Kevin
Published: April 2021

Ecological networks are becoming increasingly used as a framework to study epiphyte–host interactions. However, efforts to quantify the properties of epiphyte–host networks have produced inconsistent results. Epiphyte–host interactions in New Zealand and Chilean temperate forests were quantified to test for non-random patterns in nestedness, negative co-occurrences, number of links, and network specialisation. Results showed that three out of five New Zealand networks were significantly more nested than null model expectations, compared with just one out of four Chilean networks. Epiphytes co-occurred more often than null model expectations in one New Zealand network and one in Chile. In all cases, the number of links maintained by each epiphyte and host species was consistent with null model expectations. Lastly, two New Zealand networks and one in southern Chile were significantly less specialised than null model expectations, with all remaining networks returning low specialisation scores. As such, aside from the tendency for greater nestedness in New Zealand networks, most epiphyte species were distributed on their host trees at random. We attribute the result of nestedness in New Zealand to the abundance of large nest epiphytes (Astelia spp. in particular), which may facilitate the sequential colonisation of epiphyte species on developing host trees. The lack of negative co-occurrences suggests that negative species interactions are not an important determinant of species assemblage structure. Low network specialisation scores suggest that epiphytes are selecting for specific host traits, rather than specific host species for colonisation.
High Ultrafiltration Increasing Intradialytic Blood Pressure on Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Armiyati Yunie , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Chasani Shofa , Sujianto Untung
Published: April 2021

The increase in blood pressure when the patient is undergoing hemodialysis is experienced by patients with intradialytic hypertension. This condition can be very dangerous for the patient, must be prevented and needs to be controlled. Prevention can be done by controlling variables that can affect intradialytic blood pressure, including ultrafiltration during hemodialysis. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ultrafiltration (ultrafiltration goal, ultrafiltration rate) and intradialytic blood pressure. This research was a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design, with 112 samples at two centres of dialysis in Semarang. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rho. The finding obtained showed that ultrafiltration goal (UFG) and ultrafiltration rate (UFR) correlated with intradialytic blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure). The magnitude of UFG an associated with increase in intradialytic systolic (p=0,024; r=0,213), increase in intradialytic diastolic (p=0,007; r=0,252) and increase in mean arterial pressure (p=0,016; r=0,227). High UFR is associated with with increase in intradialytic systolic (p=0,037; r=0,211), increase in intradialytic diastolic (p=0,001; r=0,320) and increase in mean arterial pressure (p=0,034; r=0,200). Determination of ultrafiltration during hemodialysis must be done carefully and precisely to prevent an increase in intradialytic blood pressure.
Sistem Kendali Nutrisi Hidroponik berbasis Fuzzy Logic berdasarkan Objek Tanam
Authors: SURYATINI FITRIA , PANCONO SUHARYADI , BHASKORO SUSETYO BAGAS , MULJONO PUTRI MUTHIA SARASWATI
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKHidroponik merupakan sistem pertanian yang menggunakan air sebagai media tanam sehingga tidak memerlukan media tanah ataupun area luas. Hidroponik memerlukan perlakuan khusus seperti menjaga kadar nutrisi dalam rentangnya sehingga penggunaan sistem kendali dapat mempermudah pemantauan dan pengaturan parameter. Sistem kendali yang digunakan adalah fuzzy logic mamdani dengan input offset kadar nutrisi dan level air, serta output durasi nyala motor pompa nutrisi dan air untuk mencapai set point yang dapat ditentukan melalui antarmuka berdasarkan database objek tanam atau slider manual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai keberhasilan sebesar 95,14% untuk kendali nutrisi dan 91,64% untuk kendali level air dalam mencapai set point, serta menghasilkan pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih baik, dimana rata-rata penambahan tinggi antara sistem dengan dan tanpa kendali nutrisi memiliki perbedaan sebesar 1,96 cm.Kata kunci: sistem kendali, fuzzy logic, IoT, hidroponik, nutrisi ABSTRACTHydroponic is a farming system which uses water as planting media, so it is unnecessary to use soil nor consume wide area. Hydroponic requires special handlings such as maintaining nutrient measurement level within range so the use of control system may ease the parameter monitoring and control. The control system that is used is mamdani fuzzy logic with the nutrient measurement level offset and water level input, as well as nutrient and water pump motors activation duration output to reach the set point determined from the interface based on the planting-object database or manual slider. The results showed a success value of 95.14% for nutritional control and 91.64% for water level control in reaching set point, and resulting in better plant growth, where the average increase in height between the system with and without nutrient control has a difference of 1.96 cm.Keywords: control system, fuzzy logic, IoT, hydroponics, nutrient
Prediksi Jarak Bola pada Citra Kamera Katadioptrik menggunakan metode Artifical Neural Network
Authors: PERMANA ZENDI ZAKARIA RAGA , RASMANA SUSIJANTO TRI , PUSPASARI IRA
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKSaat ini, kecerdasan buatan memungkinkan untuk dikembangkan dalam dunia robotika, khususnya untuk pengaturan gerakan robot berdasarkan pengolahan citra. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sebuah mobile robot yang dilengkapi dengan kamera katadioptrik dengan sudut pandang 3600. Citra yang didapatkan, dikonversi dari RGB menjadi HSV. Selanjutnya disesuaikan dengan proses morfologi. Nilai jarak yang terbaca oleh kamera (piksel) dengan jarak sebenarnya (cm) dihitung menggunakan Euclidean Distance. Nilai ini sebagai ekstraksi ciri data jarak yang dilatihkan pada sistem. Sistem yang dibuat pada penelitian ini memiliki iterasi sebanyak 1.000.000, dengan tingkat kelinieran R2=0.9982 dan keakuratan prediksi sebesar 99,03%.Kata kunci: Robot, HSV, Euclidean Distance, Kamera katadioptrik, Artifical Neural NetworkABSTRACTRecently, artificial intelligence is possible to be developed in robotic, specifically for robot movements control based on image processing. This research develops a mobile robot with a 3600 perspective catadioptric camera is equipped. The camera captured images were converting from RGB to HSV. Furthermore, it adapted to the morphological process. The distance value read by the camera (pixels) to the actual distance (cm) is measured using Euclidean Distance. This value is a feature extraction of distance data that has training on the system. The system built in this study has 1,000,000 iterations, with a linearity level of R2 = 0.9982 and prediction accuracy of 99.03%.Keywords: Robot, HSV, Euclidean Distance, Catadioptric Camera, Artifical Neural Network
Antena Mikrostrip Array 8x2 Elemen untuk Aplikasi Radio Gelombang Mikro
Authors: ALAM SYAH , SURJATI INDRA , SARI LYDIA , TANUWIJAYA JUSTIN
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPeningkatan gain pada antena mikrostrip polarisasi melingkar menggunakan metode array 8x2 element diusulkan dalam penelitian ini. Antena yang diusulkan dirancang untuk bekerja pada rentang frekuensi 10700 – 11700 MHz untuk sistem komunikasi radio gelombang mikro. Untuk meningkatkan gain, antena yang diusulkan di optimasi menggunakan array dengan 8x2 elemen. Dari hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai return loss -22.77 dB dan VSWR sebesar 1.156. Bandwidth yang dihasilkan dari antena array 8x2 elemen adalah 900 MHz dengan rentang frekuensi kerja 10700 MHz -11600 MHz serta impedansi sebesar 55.87 + j 4.97 Ω pada frekuensi kerja 10925 GHz. Gain dari antena array 8x2 elemen adalah 15.6 dB pada frekuensi kerja 10925 MHz. Optimasi dengan metode array 8x2 elemen berhasil meningkatkan Gain sampai dengan 47.76 % dibandingkan dengan desain array 4x2 element. Antena yang diusulkan cocok dijadikan kandidat untuk digunakan pada sistem komunikasi radio gelombang mikro.Kata kunci: antena, mikrostrip, gain, array, radio gelombang mikro ABSTRACTGain optimization on a circular polarization microstrip antenna using the 8x2 element array method is proposed in this study. The proposed antenna is designed to work in the frequency range 10700 - 11700 MHz for microwave radio communication systems. To increase the gain, the proposed antenna is optimized using an array with 8x2 elements. From the measurement results obtained return value of -22.77 dB and VSWR of 1,156. The Bandwidth produced from the 8x2 element antenna array is 900 MHz with a working frequency range of 10700 MHz - 11600 MHz and an impedance of 55.87 + j 4.97 Ω at a working frequency of 10925 MHz. The gain of the 8x2 element array antenna is 15.6 dB at a working frequency of 10925 MHz. Optimization with the 8x2 element array method succeeded in increasing Gain by up to 47.76% compared to the 4x2 element array design. The proposed antenna is suitable as a candidate for use in microwave radio communication systems.Keywords: microstrip, antenna, gain, array, microwave radio
Deteksi Parasit Plasmodium pada Citra Mikroskopis Hapusan Darah dengan Metode Deep Learning
Authors: PRATIWI NOR KUMALASARI CAECAR , IBRAHIM NUR , FU’ADAH YUNENDAH NUR , RIZAL SYAMSUL
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKParasit plasmodium merupakan makhluk protozoa bersel satu yang menjadi penyebab penyakit malaria. Plasmodium ini dibawa melalui gigitan nyamuk anopheles betina. Dalam World Malaria Report 2015 menyatakan bahwa malaria telah menyerang sedikit 106 negara di dunia. Di Indonesia sendiri, Papua, NTT dan Maluku merupakan wilayah dengan kasus positif malaria tertinggi. Malaria telah menjadi masalah yang serius, sehingga keberadaan sistem diagnosa otomatis yang cepat dan handal sangat diperlukan untuk proses perlambatan penyeberan dan pembasmian epidemi. Dalam penelitian ini akan dirancang sistem yang mampu mendeteksi parasit malaria pada citra mikroskopis darah menggunakan arsitekur Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) sederhana. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan memberikan presisi dan recall sebesar 0,98 dan f1-score sebesar 0,96 serta akurasi 95,83%.Kata kunci: parasit, malaria, convolutional neural network, citra mikroskopis ABSTRACTPlasmodium parasites are single-celled protozoan creatures that cause malaria. Plasmodium is carried through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito. The World Malaria Report 2015 states that malaria has attacked at least 106 countries in the world. In Indonesia itself, Papua, NTT and Maluku are the regions with the highest positive cases of malaria. Malaria has become a serious problem, so the existence of a fast and reliable automatic diagnosis system is indispensable for the process of slowing down the spread and eliminating the epidemic. In this study, a system capable of detecting malaria parasites in microscopic images of blood will be designed using a simple Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. The test results show that the proposed method provides precision and recall of 0,98, f1-values of 0.96 and accuracy of 95,83%.Keywords: parasites, malaria, convolutional neural network, microscopic image
Kontrol Proporsional Integral Derivatif (PID) pada Kecepatan Sudut Motor DC dengan Pemodelan Identifikasi Sistem dan Tuning
Authors: MA'ARIF ALFIAN , ISTIARNO RYAN , SUNARDI SUNARDI
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengusulkan tentang sistem kontrol kecepatan sudut Motor Direct Current (DC) menggunakan kontrol Proporsional Integral Derivatif (PID). Pemodelan motor DC menggunakan model identifikasi sistem agar model sistem dapat mendekati sistem sesungguhnya. Data identifikasi sistem adalah nilai masukan tegangan dan nilai keluaran kecepatan sudut. Representasi model adalah model fungsi alih. Nilai kontrol PID didapatkan dengan fitur Tuning PID dengan Matlab. Perangkat penelitian adalah Arduino, sensor encoder, driver motor dan Motor DC. Pada pengujian, kendali motor DC dengan PID mampu untuk mendapatkan respon yang baik dengan nilai respon terbaik, rise time 9,4286 detik, settling time 18,5 detik dan overshoot 2 persen. Nilai variasi PWM untuk memperoleh model dan respon sistem motor DC yang bagus yaitu nilai variasi PWM 5, nilai variasi PWM 10 dan nilai variasi PWM 50, 150, 255. Dengan menggunakan metode ini, proses tuning kontrol PID dapat lebih efektif dan efisien.Kata kunci: Motor DC, Identifikasi Sistem, Kontrol PID, Tuning Matlab, Kecepatan ABSTRACTThis study proposes a direct current (DC) motor angular speed control system using Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control. DC motor modeling uses a system identification model so that the system model can approach the real system. The system identification data is the input voltage value and the angular velocity output value. Model representation is a transfer function model. PID control values are obtained with the PID Tuning feature with Matlab. The research devices are Arduino, encoder sensor, motor driver and DC motor. In testing, the DC motor control with PID was able to get a good response with the best response value, rise time of 9.4286 seconds, settling time of 18.5 seconds and overshoot 2 percent. The PWM variation values to obtain a good DC motor system model and response are the PWM variation value 5, the PWM variation value 10 and the PWM variation value 50, 150, 255. By using this method, the PID control tuning process can be more effective and efficient.Keywords: DC Motor, System Identification, PID Control, Matlab Tuning, Speed
Kendali Kecepatan Motor DC dengan Buck Converter menggunakan Full State Feedback-Pole Placement
Authors: SULISTYAWATI NUR , FAHMIZAL FAHMIZAL , NATHASYA IOTA
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKMakalah ini menyajikan penjelasan tentang penerepan full state feedback menggunakan metode pole placement pada sistem buck converter dengan Motor DC. Penambahan komponen buck converter diharapkan dapat membantu menaikkan nilai efisiensi sistem dan memperpanjang umur komponen switch yang digunakan. Namun terkadang sistem ini masih memerlukan kendali untuk dapat memaksimalkan perfoma sistem baik dari segi rising time, settling time maupun error steady state dari sistem. Simulasi kendali full state feedback menggunakan pole placement disimulasikan dengan pemodelan buck converter dan motor DC menggunakan Simscape dan Simulink pada Matlab. Dari hasil simulasi diperoleh bahwa kendali pole placement mampu menghasilkan kondisi rising time 1.4508s, settling time 2.5729s sedangkan kendali LQR lebih lambat 0.9524s untuk rising time dan 4.3603s untuk settling time saat diuji dengan sinyal step. Selain itu, penambahan pre compensator (Nbar) telah membuat sistem mampu mencapai nilai referensi yang diharapkan (error steady state menuju nol).Kata kunci: Motor DC, Buck Converter, Pole Placement. ABSTRACTThis paper presents an explanation of the advanced full state feedback using the pole placement method in a buck converter system with a DC motor. The addition of buck converter components is expected to help increase the value of system efficiency and extend the life of the switch components used. However, sometimes this system still requires control to be able to maximize system performance in terms of both the rising time, the settling time and the steady state error of the system. Full state feedback control simulation using pole placement is simulated by modeling the buck converter and DC motor using Simscape and Simulink in Matlab. The simulation results show that the pole placement control is capable of producing a rising time of 1.4508s, settling time of 2.5729s, while LQR control is 0.9524s slower for rising time and 4.3603s for settling time when tested with step signals. In addition, the addition of a pre compensator (Nbar) has made the system able to reach the expected reference value (steady state error goes to zero).Keywords: DC Motor, Buck Converter, Pole Placement.
Pengoptimalan Kinerja Pengereman Regeneratif Motor BLDC menggunakan Cascaded Boost Converter
Authors: FIRMANTO DANIEL RAHADIAN , RIYADI SLAMET , PRATOMO LEONARDUS HERU , SETIAWAN FLORENTINUS BUDI
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKMesin Brushless Dircet Current (BLDC) digunakan pada kendaraan listrik karena memiliki torsi yang besar dan memungkinkan untuk pengereman regeneratif. Pengereman regeneratif dirancang agar kendaraan listrik memiliki jarak tempuh yang lebih panjang. Pada saat pengereman, konverter bidirectional dioperasikan menjadi boost rectifier agar energi dapat berpindah ke baterai. Boost rectifier memiliki gain yang rendah, sehingga pengiriman daya ke baterai kurang optimal. Pada penelitian ini ditambahkan chopper kedua yang memiliki gain tinggi agar pengiriman daya lebih optimal. Metode modulasi lebar pulsa yang dibangkitkan mikrokontrol dsPIC30f4012 digunakan untuk mengendalikan saklar (IRFP 460) pada konverter. Verifikasi menggunakan perangkat keras telah dilakukan untuk mendukung penelitian ini. Hasil percobaan pada duty cycle 0,8 dapat dihasilkan arus pada baterai sebesar 0,25 A dan kecepatan berkurang menjadi 663 rpm.Kata kunci: BLDC, Pengereman regeneratif, Boost rectifier, chopper, dsPIC30f4012 ABSTRACTBrushless direct current (BLDC) machine is suitable to be implemented in electric vehicle since it can provide high torque and is capable to do regenerative braking. For electric vehicle applications, the regenerative braking is needed to make such vehicle can travel longer distance. For making the machine current can flow into the battery, the bidirectional converter will be operated as a boost rectifier. The boost rectifier produced a low gain so that the second chopper with a high gain is required. The pulse width modulation (PWM) method was used to control each switch (IRFP 460) using a dsPIC30F4012 microcontroller. A verification with experimental work was done. Based on the result, with 0.8 duty cycle can produced a 0.2 A battery current also and speed reduced to 663 rpm.Keywords: BLDC, Regenerative braking, Boost rectifier, chopper, dsPIC30f4012
Sistem Monitoring Ketersediaan Air pada Perangkat Cuci Tangan Portable berbasis IoT
Authors: RAMADAN DADAN NUR , HADIYOSO SUGONDO , IRAWATI INDRARINI DYAH
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPada studi ini diimplementasikan sebuah sistem untuk memantau ketinggian air di dalam drum secara online real-time menggunakan platform Internet of Things (IoT). Sistem ini terdiri dari sensor ultrasonik untuk estimasi ketinggian air, kemudian data tersebut dikirim ke firebase cloud database, untuk diakses oleh perangkat monitoring atau mengakses halaman website. Level air yang tersisa direpresentasikan dalam nilai persen (%). Rata-rata kesalahan pembacaan sensor adalah tidak lebih dari 2%. Delay pengiriman yang digenerate adalah 39,06 ms, sesuai dengan rekomendasi ITU-T untuk komunikasi real-time. Sistem informasi web dapat menampilkan data ketinggian air dalam bentuk numerik dan grafik. Sistem ini telah diterapkan di sekolah menengah pertama Al-Azhar kota Bandung dan diharapkan dapat diperluas penerapannya.Kata kunci: drum, ketinggian air, real-time, IoT ABSTRACTIn this study, a real-time online monitoring of the water level in the drum was implemented using the internet of things (IoT) platform. This system consists of ultrasonic sensors to estimate the water level, then the data is sent to the Firebase cloud database, to be accessed by monitoring devices or accessing a website page. Water level is represented as a percent (%). The average sensor reading error is not more than 2%. The generated delivery delay is 39.06 ms, according to ITU-T recommendations for real-time communication. The web information system can display water level data in numerical and graphic form. This system has been implemented in Al-Azhar junior high school in Bandung and it is hoped that its application can be expanded.Keywords: drums, water level, real-time, IoT
Sintesis Kendali PID Digital dengan Diskritisasi Langsung dan Backward Difference
Authors: ISDARYANI FENI , HESYA MOHAMAD FADHILAH VIERI , FERIYONIKA FERIYONIKA
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKKendali PID analog, yang realisasinya menggunakan komponen elektronika, memiliki keterbatasan yaitu nilai toleransi yang terbatas. Saat ini spesifikasi kontroler dituntut untuk dapat berkomunikasi dengan sistem yang lebih besar seperti SCADA dan DCS sehingga lebih cocok menggunakan pengendali digital. Penelitian ini menganalisis metode konversi PID analog ke digital agar dihasilkan difference equation yang dapat direalisasikan ke dalam pemrograman komputer. Metode yang dipakai adalah diskritisasi langsung dan Backward Difference. Perbandingan kedua metode dilakukan dengan menganalisis respons berdasarkan initial paramater yang dihasilkan oleh metode Ziegler Nichols. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kendali PID diskrit menggunakan Backward Difference menghasilkan respons sistem yang lebih baik dibandingkan metode diskritisasi langsung dengan nilai Kp, Ti, dan Td adalah 50, 80 dan 0,001 menghasilkan respons dengan nilai rise time, settling time dan overshoot berturut-turut sebesar 33,66s, 90,39s dan 0,9%.Kata kunci: PID diskrit, diskritisasi langsung, Backward Difference, Ziegler Nichols ABSTRACTThe analog PID control, where its parameters are realised using the electronic component, has disadvantages due to the limitation of its tolerance value. Currently, the specifications of controller are required to be able to communicate with larger systems such as SCADA and DCS, therefore digital controller is more appropriate to use. This study analyzes the analog to digital PID conversion method to generate a difference equation that can be realized in computer programming. The direct discretization and Backward Difference method are used. Comparison of both methods is by analyzing response based on initial parameters obtained of Ziegler Nichols method. The results show that discrete PID control using the Backward Difference indicates a better response than using the direct discretization method with Kp, Ti, and Td values are 50, 80, and 0,001, respectively. Those parameters generate response with rise time, settling time, and overshoot values of 33,66s, 90,39s, and 0,9%, respectively.Keywords: discrete PID, direct discretization, Backward Difference, ZieglerNichols
Perancangan Integrated Transfer Switch (ISTS) bagi Pengguna Panel Surya
Authors: Jeremy Dimitri , Utama Vincent , Army Patrick Fellipe , Sartika Erwani Merry
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPotensi akan energi surya yang besar di Indonesia mendorong masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan energi tersebut. Umumnya energi listrik tersebut akan disimpan pada baterai dan semakin besar persentase dari Depth of Discharge (DOD) akan mempersingkat umur baterai. Sistem Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) melakukan pemilihan secara otomatis, namun bekerja tanpa memperhatikan kondisi sistem panel surya sehingga mempersingkat umur baterai. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan integrasi antara ATS dengan sistem panel surya yang disebut Integrated Transfer Switch (ISTS). Sistem ISTS ini dirancang untuk melakukan pembacaan data dengan sistem modular, koneksi antar modul dilakukan secara nirkabel dengan memanfaatkan sistem IoT. Perpindahan sumber menggunakan solid-state, proteksi berupa Fuse, dan layar TFT untuk menampilkan informasi telah dirancang pada ISTS. Namun ISTS memiliki keterbatasan penggunaannya karena diperlukan adanya sumber listrik cadangan. Tata letak komponen dirancang menghemat ruang dengan mempertimbangkan keamanan dan peletakan kabel-kabel diisolasi plastik Nylon 6 untuk mengurangi risiko terjadinya percikan listrik.Kata kunci: Panel surya, Depth of Discharge, ATS, umur baterai, ISTSABSTRACTThe great potential for solar energy in Indonesia encourages people to utilize this energy. Generally, this electrical energy will be stored in the battery, and the greater the percentage of Depth of Discharge (DOD) will shorten the life of the battery. The Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) system makes the selection automatically but works regardless of the condition of the solar panel system, thus shortening the battery life. In this study, an integration between ATS and a solar panel system called the Integrated Transfer Switch (ISTS) was carried out. The ISTS system is designed to read data with a modular system, the connection between modules is done wirelessly by utilizing the IoT system. Source switching using solid- state, protection in the form of Fuse, and a TFT screen to display information has been designed on the ISTS. However, ISTS has limited use because it requires a backup power source. The layout of the components is designed to save space with safety in mind and laying the nylon 6 plastic insulated cables to reduce the risk of an electric spark.Keywords: Solar panel, Depth of Discharge, ATS, battery life, ISTS
Perhitungan Nilai Maksimum Thrust, Torque, dan Efficiency Propeller Tipe B-4 Series pada Kapal Tugboat dengan Modifikasi Diameter, Rake, dan Pitch menggunakan Metode Komputasi
Authors: Lumbanraja Kelly Cristin Prananda , Chrismianto Deddy , Samuel Samuel
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKKapal tugboat digunakan untuk membantu kapal yang akan masuk atau keluar pelabuhan. Untuk mendorong dan menarik kapal maka diperlukan propeller sebagai mesin penggerak kapal. Kinerja propeller pada kapal tugboat sangat vital dalam menunjang fungsi tugboat tersebut. Pada penelitian ini akan melakukan modifikasi pada rake, diameter, dan pitch propeller B-Series pada kapal tugboat dengan metode komputasi sehingga diperoleh nilai efficiency yang paling baik. Simulasi pada penelitian ini akan menggunakan persamaan Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) dan mendiskripsikan aliran turbulen dengan menggunakan model k-ε dan k-ω. Hasil nilai torque, thrust, dan efficiency yang sudah disimulasikan akan di verifikasi dengan diagram Wageningen. Wageningen adalah karakteristik propeller B-series yang sudah dipublikasikan dari hasil eksperimen. Dari hasil simulasi CFD diperoleh kesimpulan torque paling minimum terletak pada modifikasi dengan rake 0°, pitch 1,36, dan diameter 1,3 pada rpm 180 sebesar 545,68 Nm. Modifikasi model propeller pada 230 rpm menggunakan diameter 1,4 m, rake 5° dan pitch 1,56 merupakan modifikasi yang direkomendasikan untuk memperoleh nilai thrust maksimum sebesar 12076 N, torque 3252,5 Nm dan mendapatkan nilai efisiensi yang paling optimum sebesar 0,7443.Kata kunci: Kapal Tugboat, Propeller, Diameter, Pitch, Rake ABSTRACTTugboat is used to pull or push ships which will enter or leave the harbor. To push and pull the ship, a propeller is needed as the ship propulsion. The performance of the propeller on the tugboat is vital for supporting the function of the tugboat. This research will make modifications to the rake, diameter, and pitch of the B-Series propeller on a tugboat using computational methods in order to achieve the best efficiency values. This simulation on this research will make use of Reynold-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equation and describe the turbulent flow using the k-ε and k-ω. The results of the value torque, thrust, and efficiency that have been simulated will be verified with Wageningan diagram. Wageningen is the characteristics of the B-series propeller that have been published from the experimental results. From the CFD simulation result, it is concluded that the minimum torque is showed in the modification with a rake of 0°, a pitch of 1.36 and a diameter of 1.3 m at 180 rpm which is 545,68 Nm. Modification of the propeller model 230 rpm using a diameter of 1.4 m, 5° rake and a pitch of 1.56 is the recommended modification to obtain a maximum thrust value of 12076 N, torque of 3252.5 Nm and getting the most optimum efficiency value of 0.7443.Keywords: Tugboat, Propeller, Diameter, Pitch, Rake
Fostering Media Literacy Skills in the EFL Virtual Classroom: A Case Study in the COVID-19 Lockdown Period
Authors: Bilotserkovets Marina , Fomenko Tatiana , Gubina Oksana , Klochkova Tetiana , Lytvynko Oksana , Boichenko Maryna , Lazareva Olena
Published: April 2021

This investigation highlights the ways and means of students’ formation of media literacy skills under the conditions of total and emergent distance learning in the lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The case study involved 138 first-year students from Sumy National Agrarian University, Ukraine, who studied English as a foreign language (EFL). Analysis, synthesis, and generalization of scientific data were conducted to determine the requirements and materials for the survey. Media literacy of the participants in the experimental group was developed through performance of a series of social media projects, critical analysis of social media texts, and creation of social media content. Pedagogical observation and expert estimation were employed to obtain qualitative results of partiucipants’ progress during practical classes and extracurricular activities. Psychological techniques and mathematical methods were employed to measure and assess the quantitative data of the experiment. The outcomes of the study revealed the positive dynamics of the development of reflective-evaluative, collaborative, and searching-creative skills of participants in the experimental group as well as improvement in their English proficiency. The result of this study is potentially appropriate for educators who are interested in the application of media technologies in foreign-language teaching.
FLUOROQUINOLONES ANTIBIOTICS ADSORPTION ONTO POLYMER COATED MAGNETIC NANOPARTICULAR ACTIVATED CARBON
Authors: Uğurlu M. , Osman H. , Vaizoğullar A.İ. , Chaudhary A.J
Published: April 2021

The present study investigated the adsorption of molecular fluoroquinolone (FLQ) from  aqueous solution onto active carbon (AC), magnetic activated carbon (MagAC), styrene-butadiene styrene magnetic activated carbon (SBS/MagAC) and poly charbon magnetic activated carbon (PC/MagAC) as adsorbent materials. The process optimization was carried by investigating the effects of pH, temperature, solid-liquid ratio, adsorbent type and initial concentration of FLQ. The data showed that adsorption reached equilibrium in as little as one hour. The adsorption cacapcity was comparatively less at low pH values than at approximately pH 5.0. The results also showed that the polymer coated magnetic materials did not perform very well at high pH values. However, all the materials performed well at room temperature when the situation was examined in terms of kinetics. It was also observed that AC, SBS/MagAC and PC/MagAC are more effective than MagAC to remove FLQ from aqueous medium. The kinetic data support pseudo-second-order model (r2 ⩾ 0.95) but showed very poor fit for pseudo-first-order model (r2 ≤ 0.90). Intra-particle model also showed that there were two separate stages in sorption process, namely, external diffusion and the diffusion of inter-particle. Adsorption isotherms for all adsorbends were fitted to Langmuire models more effectively than Freundlich models (r2 ⩾ 0.98). Thermodynamics parameters such as; free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) were also calculated. In conclusion, our results revealed that FLQ can be removed more easily from the aqueous medium by using magnetic and polymeric material.
THEME DISPLAY IN NATIONAL ART EXHIBITION
Authors: Garg Ruchi
Published: April 2021

The Lalit Kala Academy established for the purpose of greater publicity of visual arts across the country, has been organizing the National Art Exhibition since its inception. This prestigious exhibition brings together the best selected works of visual arts under one roof and that of art reflect the latest trends. These exhibitions are a showcase of the achievements of artist working in the field of painting of ceramic sculpture graphic or photographic painting in the country. The Academy has organized 61 National Art Exhibition so far. These exhibitions represent the vivid and representative specimens of the latest trends in contemporary art.
I am presenting some evidence related to the painting related to the National Art Exhibition from 1990 to 2000 A.D.
Influence of Tocolytic Therapy with Hexoprenaline on Heart Rate Variability, Lipid Spectrum and Glycemic Level in Obese Pregnant Women
Authors: Gureeva L. V. , Chistyakova O. M. , Paramonova E. K. , Radkov O. V.
Published: April 2021

Background. Obesity is associated with the risk of spontaneous preterm birth. Hexoprenaline is the effective and most widely used tocolytic agent, possessing however a significant number of side effects. The effect of hexoprenaline tocolysis on heart rate variability, lipid spectrum and glycaemia level in obese pregnant women remain unexplored.

Aim of the research. To study the effect of tocolytic therapy with hexoprenaline on heart rate variability, lipid spectrum and glycemic level in obese pregnant women.

Materials and methods. The study included two groups of pregnant women with threatened preterm labor who received tocolysis with hexoprenaline. One group consisted of 68 obese patients, the other – 72 non-obese pregnant women (control group). Patients underwent Holter monitoring. Fasting serum glucose and lipids spectrum were measured before starting tocolytic therapy and after 24 hours of tocolysis.

Results. In obese pregnant women with hexoprenaline infusion, the heart rate, the 24-hours number of supraventricular extrasystoles and ventricular extrasystoles during the day are significantly higher. Frequency domain parameters, very low frequency during the day, low frequency at night and 24-hours high frequency were significantly decreased than in control group. After a day of tocolysis in obese pregnant women, the level of total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, triglycerides, and glucose significantly increases when compared with the results before therapy. For patients in the control group treated with hexoprenaline, only the concentration of high-density lipoproteins is increased.

Conclusion. Obesity in pregnant women receiving hexoprenaline tocolysis is associated with low heart rate variability and an increase in the number of cardiac arrhythmias, as well as lipid disorders and an increase in glucose level.
Dynamics of Stroke Incidence and Mortality Indicators over Eight-Year Period in the Territories Included into the Federal Program of Reorganization of Care for Patients with Stroke
Authors: Klochikhina O. A. , Shprakh V. V. , Stakhovskaya L. V. , Polunina O. S. , Polunina E. A.
Published: April 2021

Background. Stroke is a severe medical, social and economic burden for all countries of the world. The leading indicators characterizing the “epidemiological picture” of stroke are the incidence and mortality rates from stroke.

Aims. Analyze the dynamics of stroke incidence and mortality rates in the regions of Russia that were included in the federal program for reorganizing care for patients with stroke for the period from 2009 to 2016.

Material and methods. The study was based on the data of the territorial-population register for seven study areas in the regions of Russia that were included in the federal program for reorganizing care for patients with stroke (Republic of Bashkortostan, Sverdlovsk region, Republic of Tatarstan, Sakhalin region, Stavropol Territory, Ivanovo Region and Irkutsk Region). The age of the examined persons was 25 years and older.

Results. In the period from 2009 to 2016, in the studied territories, there was a consistent stable decrease in the value of the stroke incidence rate. Stroke mortality rates fluctuated with a single increase in 2012. When comparing the average incidence of stroke and mortality from it between 2009 and 2016, we discovered a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of stroke – by 1.4 times and in the rate of mortality from stroke – by 2.3 times. According to the results of the cluster analysis, we revealed a significant conformity (similarity) of mortality rates between regions by 2016 and the absence of monotony (stability) of the rate of stroke incidence.

Conclusion. In all the regions under study, an almost systematic annual decrease in the incidence and mortality rates from stroke among the adult population was revealed in seven studied territories. The results of cluster analysis of the “picture” of stroke incidence and mortality from it also demonstrate a positive trend by 2016 in all studied territories. Only one of the studied territories – the Republic of Tatarstan – despite the presence of a positive dynamics of stroke incidence over an eight-year period, in 2016 belonged to the rank with a high integral incidence rate.
Improved Method of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound examination of the Kidneys in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Borsukov A. V. , Gorbatenko O. A.
Published: April 2021

Aim of the research. Тo evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of kidneys in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a dose of 0.5 ml of contrast agent administered.

Materials and methods. We examined 12 patients with a verified diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. The age of the examined patients was 31–59 years, the mean age was 49 ± 1.3 years. All patients underwent complex diagnostics, including ultrasound examination of the kidneys in B-mode with further renal vessels color Doppler imaging to assess vessels hemodynamics. A contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of the kidneys was carried out using Sonovue contrast agent at the doses of 2.5 ml (according to the European Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound) and 0.5 ml (an improved technique of contrast agent intravenous bolus administration).

Results. The improved technique (0.5 ml of contrast agent intravenous bolus administration) in comparison with the European Recommendations technique (2.5 ml of contrast agent intravenous bolus administration) used in patients with type 2 diabetes showed no or minor differences in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination which did not affect the interpretation of the results.

Conclusion. The improved contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination technique using 0.5 ml of a contrast agent showed its possibilities in diagnosing diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes, and also revealed the potential of an economically beneficial distribution of a contrast agent without losing the quality and information content of the study.
PENERAPAN SANKSI HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PECURIAN HEWAN TERNAK
Authors: Nurita Cut
Published: April 2021

The criminal act of theft is still a dilemma, and this seems a quite serious problem which requires any solution. The problems in this study are what factors cause the theft of livestock, and how the implementation of criminal legal sanctions is against the perpetrators of theft.This study uses descriptive methods through normative approach (legal research), which is based on the facts in the field approach to the problem, and is carried out by examining various legal aspects in terms of applicable regulations.The finding shows that the factors that cause the theft of livestock are economic factors, low appreciation to religion, family factors, environmental / social factors, unemployment,  influence of mass media either TV or foreign films, influence of alcohol, and opportunity factor . In addition to these factors, there are objective factors and subjective factors. The implementation of criminal legal sanctions for the perpetrators of the theft is regulated in Article 363 of the Criminal Code. Keywords: Criminal Act, Theft,  Livestock
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Penggelapan Uang Elektronik Dalam Transaksi Elektronik
Authors: Rumapea Mazmur Septian
Published: April 2021

The development of payment methods in electronic transactions, has  recently developed and is very advanced, namely by using technology that is fast and up-to-date, so that it can be done more easily and flexibly. The implementation of electronic payment systems must be safe and protected physically (hardware / software) and non-physical (communication), have the ability in accordance with the specifications, and there are legal subjects who are legally responsible for the operation of the electronic system. Legal protection for consumers of online applications for electronic transactions cannot be fulfilled in the Consumer Protection Act.Keywords : Legal, Consumer, Electronic Transaction Protection
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Tindak Pidana Kepemilikan Senjata Api Tanpa Hak Oleh Masyarakat Sipil (Putusan Nomor : 79/PID.B/2016/PN.BLG)
Authors: Airini Batubara Sonya
Published: April 2021

This study aims to find out how the criminal liability for abuse of firearms is. This study applies normative research method in which the research is conducted based on reading materials such as books, literature and legislation relating to the material to be discussed in this thesis. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the act of abuse of firearms is that it has become a lifestyle, and causes a sense of self security because of the increasingly widespread circulation of illegal firearms in Indonesia. But the security of our society can actually be disrupted if they are unable to hold back their emotions and are less responsible. Keywords: Abuse, Firearms, Civil Society
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP TINDAK PERDAGANGAN ORANG (TINJAUAN KASUS NO.741/PID.SUS/2016/PN.MDN)
Authors: Simatupang Theresia
Published: April 2021

Human trafficking, especially women, is increasingly prevalent, and it makes people more vigilant in supervising children and their environment in order to overcome the development of trafficking in Indonesia, especially in Kota Medan. The main factor in this crime is an economic factor as a big reason for someone to commit such human trafficking. Therefore, parents, the environmental community, and the government have a very important role in overcoming the process and eradicating criminal acts of trafficking in Kota Medan. The process of human trafficking can be prevented by getting closer to the creator and doing positive things in the community. There is the existence of law Number 21 of 2007 concerning Eradication of Human Trafficking as a means of protection from the government for acts of trade of people. In this Law, all matters relating to both human trafficking and the rules and sanctions are regulated.Keyword: Human trafficking, Protection, Overcome
ANALISIS JURIDIS KEDUDUKAN PERJANJIAN KEMITRAAN ANTARA PENGEMUDI JASA ANGKUTAN ONLINE DAN PERUSAHAAN PROVIDER DITINJAU DARI ASPEK HUKUM KEPERDATAAN
Authors: Khalid Zuhriati
Published: April 2021

The legal position between the drivers of online transportation services and the online transportation application service company is a partnership agreement as regulated in civil law. However, in practice the existing legal regulations have not provided legal protection to drivers of online transportation because not all drivers of online transportation understand their position as a partnership relationship. If it is associated with civil law, this is contrary to the principle of balance; it can even be said to be an abuse of the situation (misbruik van omstadigheden). The misuse of this situation can occur if an agreement is born due to economic excellence, psychological superiority and other advantages. The purpose of this study is to see how existing legal regulations actually runs effectively and efficiently in the community. The method of this research is qualitative research, namely based on the principles of law, doctrine and legislation that can answer the problems of this study. Keywords : Partnership Agreement, Driver, Online Transportation