bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey among Physicians by means of Dynamic Access to an Internet Information Server Database
Authors: Hölzer S.  , Kraft H.  , Tafazzoli A.G.  , Dudeck J.
Published: February 2025

Current database management systems, client-server architecture and the internet infrastructure are simplifying the exchange of information. Large and widespread electronic medical record systems are accessible via platform-independent browsing applications. The following brief summary shows one of the manifold conceivable applications of these technologies in medicine. It describes a survey among physicians with the scope of quality assurance in medicine. The dynamic, platformindependent, world-wide access to databases offers interesting aspects in medical informatics.
Developing Mortality Patterns: Robust modified generalized likelihood ratio algorithm for infant mortality rate change detection
Authors: Milosavljevic M  , Veinovic M.  , Kovacevic B  , Kocev N  , Simic S  , Marinkovic J
Published: February 2025

A new robust modified generalized likelihood ratio algorithm, which enables the changes of mortality rates to be detected automatically, is applied. The procedure is based on the calculation of discrimination function using robust least squares estimates of AR mortality rates residuals. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated with experimental data concerning infant mortality rate in Serbia.
From Clinical Data Records to Research: a Database System for the Study of Clinical and Functional Indicators of Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Pinna Gian Domenico  , Opasich Cristina  , Massimo Sisti  , Perinati Leonardo  , Cobelli Franco  , Tavazzi Luigi
Published: February 2025

The identification of reliable clinical and functional indicators of Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) is currently a major research challenge for physicians dealing with this pathology. With the aim of providing an adequate infrastructure for this research, we have developed a Database System where all relevant information concerning CHF patients during follow-up can be efficiently recorded, monitored, extracted and easily transferred to commercial packages for data processing and statistical analysis. Patient clinical status is recorded every 6 months, whereas data from several laboratory investigations are recorded every 12 months. All complications or events between two successive controls are recorded too. Patients needing cardiac transplantation are entered in a transplantation waiting list. The Database is fully integrated into the Hospital Information System and meets the standards of the national database of CHF patients. It grows with the concurrent activity of several independent teams, all of which have access to complete and structured information for research purposes. A user-friendly procedure allows the export in a standard format (Microsoft Excel) of all patients’ data pertaining to a selected set of controls and variables of interest. These data are used directly for analysis or sub-selections are performed by the investigator through a simple query language. Depending on the objectives and complexity of the research, different commercial statistical analysis packages are available, which are used by clinical investigators.autonomously or with the aid of a statistician. This overall approach allows great autonomy of each user in extracting, manipulating and statistically analyzing data. The Database has been in use at the Heart Failure Unit of our Rehabilitation Center since October 1992 and 595 patients have been enrolled since then. Several studies based on these data have been performed and more than 120 scientific communications and 30 articles in national and international journals have been produced. Hence, this experience represents a successful example of how clinical data records can be efficiently and effectively linked to valuable clinical research.
The Help of Formal Models for Healthcare Security Policies
Authors: Trouessin Gilles  , Barber Barry
Published: February 2025

This article is a personal contribution (i.e., from a strict security expert point of view) towards the help for specification, validation and/or evaluation of reliable, but also secure, healthcare security policies (HSP).
Participatory Design at a Psychiatric Daycenter: Potentials and Problems
Authors: Kaasgaard Klaus  , Lauritsen Peter
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses a system development project, based on a participatory approach, which engaged clients at a psychiatric daycenter. The goal was to develop a computer based presentation of the center and thereby to investigate the possibility of enabling the users of the daycenter to formulate their requirements for such a system. The paper discusses the potentials and problems in establishing a common ground to work from and conclude that while there are specific benefits of engaging psychiatric clients in design projects, especially in connection with feelings of ownership, there are also pit-falls of which we should be aware. Particularly, the importance of understanding the different roles that participants aquire in a design process is stressed.
Forming a Health Care Incident Reporting Scheme
Authors: Mavroudakis Konstantinos G.  , Katsikas Sokratis K.  , Gritzalis Dimitris A.
Published: February 2025

In this paper the initial design steps of an Incident Reporting Scheme for Health Care are presented. The results of a short survey for the determination of Health Care user needs and expectations from such a scheme are given. The paper outlines a concise description of the proposed system and presents the conceptual model of the IRS database, and the developed prototype version of this database. Finally, future steps and security issues are described.
Organisation, Transmission, Manipulation of Pathological Human Organs on the WWW
Authors: Krokos Meleagros A.  , Clapworthy Gordon J.  , Crudele Michele  , Salcito Giuliano  , Vasilonikolidakis Nikos
Published: February 2025

The paper describes an integrated methodology for the development of a WWW computer system which addresses issues of the organisation, retrieval and manipulation of 3D volumetric models of pathological human organs. The library of organs is distributed on the WWW since medical expertise and needs are typically expensive resources and also because many pathological conditions are often restricted to local diffusion. Users are provided with a WWW viewer for interactive manipulation of the models of the organs. The system supports low-cost MSWindows 32 platforms and requires no specialised hardware. Early results demonstrate that the compression techniques employed provide near real-time response for retrieval/manipulation, not only over high-speed expensive network lines, but also over low/medium network connections.
Development of a Virtual Sand Box: An Application of Virtual Environment for Psychological Treatment
Authors: Hirose Michitaka  , Kijima Ryugo  , Shirakawa Kimiko  , Nihei Kenji
Published: February 2025

The sand play technique has often been used in psychological treatments or in the diagnosis of autism patients. In this paper, the prototype application called “virtual sand box” is developed as a virtual environment to support this technique. Experimental results show the advantages of applying virtual reality technology to clinical medicine; particularly with respect to the diagnosis of people with psychological and psychiatrical difficulties such as autism and neurosis. The actual system has been implemented by using a graphics workstastion, a wide-view filed display, and 3D input devices.
Virtual Reality in the Assessment of Neuromotor Diseases: Measurement of Time Response in Real and Virtual Environments
Authors: Rovetta Alberto  , Lorini Flavio  , Canina Maria R.
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with the design and the development of an equipment, called DDI, as acronym for Disease Detector, developed for the quantitative analysis of neuromotor diseases. It measures the reaction of a person evaluating in the motion of one finger of the hand the time response, the velocity of phalanxes, the force exerted from the finger against a button. The condition of motion are ballistic motion, controlled motion guided by vision, controlled motion without vision, motion with a virtual reality modelization on the computer screen. The system performs also the requirements for medical applications and with its portability and accordance to European normative for safety and quality, represents a new step towards the possibility of quantitative analysis of the performances of the human hand both of mechanical phenomenon and electromyographic of neuromotor diseases, which provoke a decrease in upper and lower limbs action.
Communication Standards: Problems and Future Trends
Authors: Dudeck Joachim
Published: February 2025

Communication standards are to facilitate the exchange of structured data and information between healthcare systems with different architectural concepts. Several national and international standard development organizations (SDO) are developing and maintaining standards, sometimes even for the same application. There is an increasing demand for a closer cooperation between SDO's and for a better harmonization of different standards going on. The current status of the most important standard application in healthcare is discussed and some further considerations for improving the harmonization process will be given.
A Compositional Approach to Nursing Terminology
Authors: Hardiker N.  , Kirby J.
Published: February 2025

The development of standardised vocabularies within nursing has been an important research activity for a number of years. Current representations generally take the form of taxonomic vocabularies. These are seen as important as they provide a structure for retrieving and analysing data from automated systems. However, there is increasing evidence to show that traditional taxonomic vocabularies are unsuitable for capturing detailed clinical data. This paper describes how GRAIL (GALEN Representation and Integration Language) is being used within the TELENURSE project to develop a representation of nursing terminology which is sufficiently expressive for documenting detailed clinical data while retaining the benefits of traditional taxonomic vocabularies.
Computerized Decision Support Systems: Implications for Practice
Authors: Braden B.J.  , Corritore C.  , McNees P.
Published: February 2025

The informatics literature variously defines Computerized Decision Support (CDS) systems. These definitions are sometimes narrow and sometime broad, leading to occasional confusion in terminology. For purposes of this paper, a broad definition that enjoys some professional consensus has been adapted from Langston and colleagues: CDS systems encompass any computer software employing a knowledge base (facts and/or rules) designed for use by a clinician involved in patient care, as a direct aid to clinical decision-making
Functional Requirements for IT Support for Nursing Information Systems Integrated in Electronic Healthcare Record Systems (EHCRS)
Authors: Lundgren P.-A.  , Wisser C.
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on the functional requirements that support the activities performed by healthcare professionals, i.e. functions performed in the healthcare enterprise which result in requirements for IT support. The emphasis is on IT support for nursing activities as a part of general IT support for the whole care process realized through EHCRS. We argue that a standard for functionality (including user interface and functions supporting information security) would benefit manufacturers by giving them a well-defined target to aim for and give purchasers and users of EHCRS a foundation on which to base their specifications. Quality would be enhanced by ensuring that all EHCRS contained a standard core functionality and were compliant with basic structural requirements. To get a comprehensive list of requirements to ensure that EHCRS with IT support for nursing activities serve as an aid to the process of care it is essential that nurses get directly involved in the process of defining the requirements. In this paper we also give some examples of requirements that are candidates for standardisation.
A Comparative Study of Nursing Diagnosis Systems Using Neural Networks and Expert Systems
Authors: Kim J.A.
Published: February 2025

With the growing need in the field, the application of computers in nursing has been frequently studied with the aim of improving the quality of nursing care in Korea. However, the development of useful clinical programs has not received adequate attention. The aim of this study is to compare two Nursing Diagnosis Systems - one involving a Neural Network and one involving an Expert System. The simulated output of each Nursing Diagnosis System was compared with the judgement of the researcher and of two professors of nursing. The misdiagnosis rate of the Nursing Diagnosis System using the Neural Network was nine percent, while the Nursing Diagnosis System using Expert System showed consistency with the three experts in every aspect. The result of this study demonstrated the feasibility of the use of an expert system based Nursing Diagnosis System as another nursing tool.
E-discourse and Continuing Professional Education: the Fusion of Nursing Knowledge and Informatics to Close the Theory-Practice Gap
Authors: Murray P.J.
Published: February 2025

Several modes of electronic discourse (e-discourse) are currently used by nurses, and have potential for meeting their formal and informal continuing professional education (CPE) needs. After defining e-discourse in relation to computer-mediated communications (CMC), the author outlines some recent examples of it use. There follows discussion of the argument that, through e-discourse, nurses can reflect on their practice, incorporating and developing theory and meet their CPE needs. Some important constraining issues are presented, and the author suggests that, for many nurses, e-discourse will have more educational application than multimedia in the foreseeable future. The paper is set within the context of UK requirements, but the issues raised are pertinent to nurses around the world, particularly where CPE is incorporated within the re-registration cycle.
Video Conferencing in Group Training of Psychiatric Nurses
Authors: Bergvik S.  , Gammon D.
Published: February 2025

Video conferencing (VC) technology transfers synchronous audio and video signals via standard telecommunication lines. VC has become a useful communication device in the mental health care sector in Norway, particularly in the northern counties. Training and supervision is considered one of the areas where VC has great potential. This study followed a group of nurses who used VC in a training program every other week over a period of six months. The group consisted of seven nurses (two supervisors and five supervisees). Data was collected from four of the VC sessions. User satisfaction and judgements on the effect of VC on critical aspects of the supervision were evaluated through questionnaires. In addition, a closing group interview was held to sum up qualitative experiences and attitudes. Results indicate that VC may indeed be an acceptable tool in group supervision. Participants reported that they were able to establish a climate for communicating on an emotional and personal level, as well as provide necessary feedback and psychological support.
Development of a CAI program Entitled ‘Introduction to Nursing Process’. Requirement for Nursing Education in Japan
Authors: Muranaka Y.  , Fujimura R.  , Yamashita K.  , Furuhashi Y.  , Yamamoto S.  , Arita K.
Published: February 2025

A new teaching strategy is required in nursing education in Japan. A multimedia CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) program entitled “Introduction to Nursing Process.” was developed. The aim of this study was to examine whether CAI could assist students' knowledge acquisition, and increase their motivation and readiness to learn clinical nursing practice. This study involved the process of developing CAI and a pilot study for measuring and evaluating the CAI program. Results demonstrate that CAI can increase students' understanding about the nursing process, enhance their motivation to learn, and provide realistic situations describing the concept of nursing the process.
IT in healthcare....... step by step !
Authors: Hendriks R.H.M.
Published: February 2025

In January 1997 the magnetic stripe card of all policyholders at Zorg en Zekerheid has been replaced by a memorycard. This replacement has been the next step in the process of establishing the health card as a ‘keycard’ to the local and regional EDI-network, called SleutelNet. This step will also be a further accomplishment of the electronic data-interchange between care-providing companies within the region. These activities are not primarily aimed at the administrative and financial aspects of data-interchange. Zorg en Zekerheid considers the ultimate goal of the health card and SleutelNet to promote an optimal coherence between the core-activities of the healthcare sector.
Introduction of a Patient Data Card into outpatient medical care and the pharmacy sector (CARDLINK test site Koblenz)
Authors: Sembritzki J.  , Brenner G.
Published: February 2025

The “Medical Patient Card Koblenz (Neuwied) MPK / A-Card” is the first project that tries to implement standardized methods and technology. That the medical patient card has been developed by and for physicians and pharmacists proves that the successful introduction of such a card requires that it can be used by the majority of health care providers.
National Identification Card and Health Card Project in Korea
Authors: Kim J.H.  , Tak S.H.  , Lee K.H.  , Kim M.K.
Published: February 2025

This paper is intended to show an overview of the ongoing National-Identification (N-ID) Card and Health Card Project in Korea. The N-ID Card will be provided to all of the 37 million Korean adults over the age of 18 from the September 1999. Seven existing cards such as the personal identification card, the medical insurance card, the driver s licence card, and the social security card will be merged into a single IC Card by this project. Essential information from electronic patient records as well as medical insurance information will be included in this N-ID Card. In order to establish a successful country-wide implementation of this health card system, we have considered the security, privacy and confidentiality of private medical information. Contents access managing application software for each of the private information and a Java applet enabling cross-platform usability of the N-ID Card will be embedded in the N-ID Card. Both software technologies with the private key card role of the N-ID Card will secure access to medical information and efficient build-up of a health care networking system. The N-ID Card will act as a personal lifelong health care record which is expected to facilitate the standardization of medical information and the migration of a current hospital-based medical information system towards a patient-based one.
Introducing the card technology in the Slovene health care system
Authors: Kramberger B.  , Toth M.  , Sušelj M.
Published: February 2025

The resolution by the Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia, to introduce the health insurance card, involves a lot more than merely equipping the insured population with plastic card mounted chips to serve as means of identification and evidence of the status of insurance at the physicians' and pharmacists'. Actually, we are dealing with the initial phases of introducing card technology into health insurance, and, subsequently, into health care service. This implies the creation of a new communication and information system for this field, introducing numerous foreseeable changes, and probably even some that are yet not even envisaged.
Introduction of Health Cards in Norway
Authors: Zwart J.A.  , Johannessen T.
Published: February 2025

Improvement in patient management and information flow between different health care institutions is a challenge. Norway is now about to establish an electronic network in health care. The aim is to ensure correct, fast and safe flow of information at reduced costs and higher quality. Electronic patient records is currently used by 90% of all primary care doctors and the hospitals are now installing electronic patient record systems. The upcoming electronic network communication is likely to result in an explosion in the amount of medical data available about a patient, and thereby a high risk of information overflow. In particular, the records of elderly patients and patients with chronic diseases may store large amounts of data which may obscure the physician's overview of the medical history. Thus, a core part of the medical record needs to be defined. It must contain clinical key information about the patient. Besides being stored in the ordinary medical record, this core record may also be stored on a smart card which the patient may carry on him. We think the primary care, personal doctor, should be the editor of the core record. The smart card may serve as an information bridge between various electronic record systems and may be used as an ID card whereby the patient gives the doctor access to the information contained in the card and probably also to distant databases which contain medical data about the patient.
Cost-effective solution for Health Cards using an interoperable mixture of memory and processor chips
Authors: Akkermans J.  , Boogaard M.
Published: February 2025

Currently National Health Card schemes are either based on cheap memory chipcards or smart processor cards. In this paper the advantages and economics of an interoperable mixture of both card types are discussed.
Validation Of Virtual Reality To Teach And Assess Psychomotor Skills In Laparoscopic Surgery: Results From Randomised Controlled Studies Using The MIST VR Laparoscopic Simulator
Authors: Taffinder N  , Sutton C  , Fishwick RJ  , McManus I C  , Darzi A
Published: February 2025

Objective assessment of surgical technique is currently impossible. A virtual reality simulator for laparoscopic surgery (MIST VR) models the movements needed to perform minimally invasive surgery and can generate a score for various aspects of psychomotor skill. Two studies were performed using the simulator: first to assess surgeons of different surgical experience to validate the scoring system; second to assess in a randomised controlled way, the effect of a standard laparoscopic surgery training course. Experienced surgeons (> 100 laparoscopic cholecystectomies) were significantly more efficient, made less correctional submovements and completed the virtual reality tasks faster than trainee surgeons or non-surgeons. The training course caused an improvement in efficiency and a reduction in errors, without a significant increase in speed when compared with the control group. The MIST VR simulator can objectively assess a number of desirable qualities in laparoscopic surgery, and can distinguish between experienced and novice surgeons. We have also quantified the beneficial effect of a structured training course on psychomotor skill acquisition.
3D and 4D atlas system of living human body structure
Authors: Suzuki Naoki  , Takatsu Akihiro  , Hattori Asaki  , Ezumi Takeshi  , Oda Shuhei  , Yanai Takashi  , Tominaga Hideyoshi
Published: February 2025

A reference system for accessing anatomical information from a complete 3D structure of the whole body “living human”, inducing 4D cardiac dynamics, was reconstructed with 3D and 4D data sets obtained from normal volunteers. With this system, we were able to produce a human atlas in which sectional images can be accessed from any part of the human body interactively by real-time image generation.
The Virtual Retinal Display: A New Technology for Virtual Reality and Augmented Vision in Medicine
Authors: Viirre Erik  , Pryor Homer  , Nagata Satoru  , Furness III Thomas A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) is a new technology for creating visual images. It was developed at the Human Interface Technology Laboratory (HIT Lab) by Dr. Thomas A. Furness III. The VRD creates images by scanning low power laser light directly onto the retina. This special method results in images that are bright, high contrast and high resolution. In this paper, we describe how the VRD functions, the special consequences of its mechanism of action and potential medical applications of the VRD, including surgical displays and displays for people with low vision. A description of its safety analysis will also be included. In one set of tests we had a number of patients with partial loss of vision view images with the VRD. There were two groups of subjects: patients with macular degeneration, a degenerative disease of the retina and patients with keratoconus. Typical VRD images are on the order of 300 nanowatts. VRD images are also readily viewed superimposed on ambient room light. In our low vision test subjects, 5 out of 8 subjects with macular degeneration felt the VRD images were better and brighter than the CRT or paper images and they were able to reach the same or better level of resolution. All patients with Keratoconus were able to resolve lines of test several lines smaller with the VRD than with their own correction. Further, they all felt that the VRD images were sharper and easier to view. The VRD is a safe new display technology. The power levels recorded from the system are several orders below the power levels prescribed by the American National Standard. The VRD readily creates images that can be easily seen in ambient roomlight and it can create images that can be seen in ambient daylight. The combination of high brightness and contrast and high resolution make the VRD an ideal candidate for use in a surgical display. Further, tests show strong potential for the VRD to be a display technology for patients with low vision.
A Commercially Viable Virtual Reality Knee Arthroscopy Training System
Authors: McCarthy Avril D.  , Hollands Robin J.
Published: February 2025

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive form of surgery used to inspect joints. It is complex to learn yet current training methods appear inadequate, thus negating the potential benefits to the patient. This paper describes the development and initial assessment of a cost-effective virtual reality based system for training surgeons in arthroscopy of the knee. The system runs on a P.C. Initial assessments by surgeons have been positive and current developments in deformable models are described.
Medical Volume Rendering Over The WWW Using VRML And JAVA
Authors: Hendin Ofer  , John Nigel W  , Shochet Ofer
Published: February 2025

The rapid growth of the World Wide Web (WWW) enables access to huge amounts of data and applications. The diversity of data-structures and applications has led to the concept of network computing where the data is encapsulated within the application. The end-user does not have to worry about tools for data manipulation as they are bundled together with the data itself. However, the user usually has to pay a price in the form of degraded performance. While JAVA is gradually taking its place as the network cross platform programming language, it is clear that it currently does not support high-performance visualization. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that high performance volume rendering, traditionally reserved for high-end visual computing, can now be made widely available in a cross-platform fashion using VRML and JAVA.
Building a Virtual Invasive Patient on a budget
Authors: Houden Torgeir  , Lillesveen Rune  , Forfang Svenn K.  , Halaas Arne
Published: February 2025

Virtual Reality shows promise as a valuable tool in medical research and training, but one of the factors limiting the expansion potential of such technology is cost of both hardware and software. This paper describes a proof-of-concept project whose aim was to design and implement a generic VR simulation system using low cost hardware and free software.
NIGHTINGALE MM System - the work in progress
Authors: Miklaszewicz Pawel  , Carey Steve  , Cranston Iain
Published: February 2025

A multimedia computer based system for the self-learning of Nursing Informatics has been designed as a part of NIGHTINGALE project. A video thread has been designed as a central structure and “a real life anchor” for the abstract concepts related to the Electronic Patient Record. The hypermedia structure of the application has been maintained through the mapping of illustrated IT entries to specific points in the video sequences.
Development of Multispectral Autoradiography with Solid State Detector
Authors: Kusaka Naoto  , Takeda Tohoru  , Hoshino Atsunori  , Horoiwa Tsukasa  , Yuasa Tetsuya  , Akatsuka Takao  , Itai Yuji
Published: February 2025

Autoradiography is a useful imaging technique to understand biological function by using radio isotopes (RIs). However, conventional autoradiography using X-ray film or Imaging Plate can not easily image distributions of different RIs simultaneously. Each tracers describes each biological functions, therefore we constructed here a multispectral autoradiography. The system consists of a solid state detector (SSD) with high energy-resolution to acquire multispectral information, a collimator with small aperture to restrict the region of observing area, and a translational stage to scan the specimen. The distribution of the RI of interest agent can be obtained by mapping spectrum intensity within the energy-window to corresponding observed points. We confirmed the validity of this method by experiments with physical phantoms and tissues of rat's hearts. First, we imaged the phantom with201TI and99mTc, and could specify the individual RIs. Next, from rectangular paper phantom soaked in99mTc-Iabeled tracer, the spatial resolution of experimental system was estimated on about 1x1mm2. Finally, the sliced tissue of rat's heart was imaged Here, we also propose a new imaging method to improve the spatial resolution and reduce data-acquisition time. It is based on reconstruction from projections like X-ray CT.
Technical Aspects of Virtual Liver Resection Planning
Authors: Glombitza Gerald  , Lamadé Wolfram  , Demiris Athanasios M.  , Göpfert Marc-Roger  , Mayer Achim  , Bahner Malte L.  , Meinzer Hans-Peter  , Richter Götz  , Lehnert Thomas  , Herfarth Christian
Published: February 2025

Operability of a liver tumor is depending on its three dimensional relation to the intrahepatic vascular trees which define autonomously functioning liver (sub-)segments. Precise operation planning is complicated by anatomic variability, distortion of the vascular trees by the tumor or preceding liver resections.
Morphological Classification of Sperm Heads Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Yi Won Jin  , Park Kwang Suk  , Paick Jae Seung
Published: February 2025

In male reproducible health and fertility and IVF (in-vitro fertilization), morphological analysis of sperm has been most important. But the traditional tools for semen analysis are subjective, imprecise, inaccurate, difficult to standardize, and reproduce mainly due to their manually oriented operations.
Implementation of a Low-Cost PACS/CR for Clinical Use in Yonsei Cardiovascular Center
Authors: Huh Jae Man  , Yoo Sun Kook  , Kim Nam Hyun  , Chang Byung Chul  , Lee Do Yun  , Cho Bum Koo  , Bae Soo Hyun  , Kim Kwang Min  , Kim Eun Jung  , Kim Gyoung Duck
Published: February 2025

The PACS/CR for clinical use in Yonsei Cardiovascular Center has been designed and implemented Our system is open architecture to comply with emerging standards such as DICOM, database SQL, TCP/IP and to reduce operational and maintenance costs, PC-based low cost workstations running Microsoft Windows, database as Microsoft SQL based on Client/Server, Long-term storage using CD-ROM Jukebox are developed Also, auto routing and image pre-fetching are implemented.
Web based 3-D Medical Image Visualization on the PC
Authors: Kim Namkug  , Lee Dong-hyuk  , Kim Jong-hyo  , Kim Youngho  , Cho H-Jung
Published: February 2025

With the recent advance of Web and its associated technologies, information sharing on distribute computing environments has gained a great amount of attention from many researchers in many application areas, such as medicine, engineering, and business. One basic requirement of distributed medical consultation systems is that geographically dispersed, disparate participants are allowed to exchange information readily with each other. Such software also needs to be supported on a broad range of computer platforms to increase the softwares accessibility. In this paper, the development of world-wide-web based medical consultation system for radiology imaging is addressed to provide platform independence and greater accessibility. The system supports sharing of 3-dimensional objects. We use VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), which is the defacto standard in 3-D modeling on the Web. 3-D objects are reconstructed from CT or MRI volume data using a VRML format, which can be viewed and manipulated easily in Web browsers with a VRML plug-in. A Marching cubes method is used in the transformation of scanned volume data sets to polygonal surfaces of VRML. A decimation algorithm is adopted to reduce the number of meshes in the resulting VRML file. 3-D volume data are often very large in size, hence loading the data on PC level computers requires a significant reduction of the size of the data, while minimizing the loss of the original shape information. This is also important to decrease network delays. A prototype system has been implemented (http://cybernet5.snu.ac.kr/~cyber/mrivrml.html), and several sessions of experiments are carried out
Health Informatics and the Humanities
Authors: Hultengren Eva
Published: February 2025

Researchers and professionals from the Humanities are new within the science of health informatics, where researchers and professionals from the natural sciences have so far de-fined the problems and their solutions.
Global Healthcare and the Flux of Technology
Authors: Lincoln Thomas L.  , Builder Carl
Published: February 2025

We begin with the inescapable observation that healthcare informatics is merely one of the many endeavors that is following a turbulent but nearly inescapable path into a digital future. Our objective in this paper is to describe as best we can the overall geography of the general path we appear to be on, to anticipate some of our future checkpoints along the way, to identify some of the roughest transitional passages, and to offer this as one guide among many to those who have volunteered to do the steering into this exciting, electronic unknown.
A Hypermedia Tool to Support the Interaction between Radiologists and Clinicians
Authors: DeSimone Mariano  , Lalle Cecilia  , Ricci Fabrizio L.
Published: February 2025

In this work we discuss problems related to the radiological reporting process and attempt to identify the ones which emerge during clinician-radiologist communication. We propose a hyper-reporting system, which allows the clinician to share the knowledge and critical factors that prompt the radiologist's diagnostic hypothesis during the discussion of results. This is possible by creating hypermedia links among different elements: reporting text, images, comments and the graphic models library. These elements make radiological knowledge explicit and clarify to the clinician the logical-diagnostic path traveled by the radiologist. A questionnaire, a survey of clinicians' and radiologists' needs allowed us to define some aspects of a hypermedia demo interface. Finally, we describe an example of a working session with the use of a few explanatory cards.
Intervention classifications for Nursing Practice and the ICNP: Cultural Considerations for Korean Nurses
Authors: Tak Sunghee
Published: February 2025

There are several intervention classifications for nursing practice. Yet, their relevancy and clarity for international use has not been evaluated. Thus, the paper presents a review of 4 major nursing intervention classifications (Saba's Home Health Care Classifications, Omaha's Intervention Scheme, Grobe's Nursing Intervention Lexicon & Taxonomy, and the International Classification for Nursing Practice) for Korean nursing practice. A simple comparison procedure utilized to determine the relevancy and clarity of each overall scheme and specific elements. The findings showed that general concepts for the top level of all the classifications were both relevant and clear. However, specific elements of lower levels became less clear and relevant because of the lack of definitions and cultural differences. In particular, interventions related to psycho-social and environmental components appeared to be either unclear or non-relevant for Korean nursing practice while interventions related to physiological components were found to be very relevant and clear. In conclusion, multiple levels of hierarchical intervention schemes and the absence of definitions impede clarity of intervention classifications. In addition, for international use, an intervention classification needs to be sensitive to cultural relevancy in its elements.
SeCD Electronic Folder: CADMIO's Application for the Medical Folder of a Service for the Care of Drug Addicts
Authors: Valle Roberto Minarelli Delia  , Baldoni Adriano  , Rossi Marco De  , Ferri Fernando
Published: February 2025

In this paper we will describe the SeCD (Service for the Care of Drug addicts) electronic folder, a specific application of CADMIO [1] (Computer Aided Design for Medical Information Objects) system. CADMIO is a system for the definition, construction and management of multimedia clinical folders. The Ser.T. (Servizio per la Tossicodipendenza / Service for Drug Addicts) has earned a very special place within the Italian clinical structures as well as any service for drug addicts has done in the rest of the world. Such a structure has special needs and the characteristics of its medical folders are very different from any other folder. Actually, a Ser.T. has to keep updated the patient situation either from the clinical point of view as well as the psychiatric one. Moreover, it must keep track of the clinician subjective considerations about the patient psychic state and his situation in regard of the law. So, we had to redesign some of the features of the existing CADMIO application, to accommodate such highly not structured data into objects easily manipulated by an informative system. The objectives we hope to achieve were mainly two:
The Evolution of a German Teleradiology System
Authors: Engelmann Uwe  , Schröter Andre  , Baur Ulrike  , Werner Oliver  , Schwab Markus  , Müller Henning  , Meinzer Hans-Peter
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the evolution of a german teleradiology system. The development started from simple image file transfer, continued with a dedicated teleradiology system and ended up with a general radiology workstation with teleradiology features. The main features, advantages and drawbacks of the different generations are described. The own developments are compared with developments at other places. The influence by standards is also included in this investigation. The latest systems are mainly used by the radiologists and the image transfer for scientific cooperation is nowadays just one of several application fields of teleradiology.
The Effect of a Neonatal Telecardiology System on Respiratory Therapy in Very Low Birthweight Infants
Authors: Rendina Mark C.  , Bose Carl L.  , Gallaher Keith J.  , Long Walker A.  , Ciszek Tom A.  , Baush Catherine M.  , Lowe William W.
Published: February 2025

Factors in the U.S. healthcare system have shifted the site of care of many newborns to hospitals where subspecialty services are unavailable. This study examines whether a more rapid turn-around of echocardiogram interpretations and availability of interactive video during neonatal consultations reduces the morbidity of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants. The two groups (n=21 and n=28) were similar on the basis of known risk factors. A composite index of respiratory therapy intensivity and duration was used to measure the utilization of respiratory therapies. The index was similar in both groups, 89.6±12.6 before versus 89.5±13.0 with telemedicine. These results show little evidence of a reduction in RT utilization.
Integration of Bioinformatics tools at the National University of Singapore (NUS)
Authors: Kolatkar PR  , Sakharkar MK  , Roderic TC  , Kiong BK  , Wong L  , Tan TW  , Subbiah S
Published: February 2025

In the past decade “Big Science” such as the Genome Project has generated an enormous amount of data in the life sciences. Concurrently, the synergy of this project with existing research has quickened the pace of biological discovery. But the major drawback that is beginning to be felt worldwide is the primitive level of organisation in the data accumulated. Without a proper framework or knowledge scaffold to hang and interconnect the various bits of data and information, the notional knowledge to-data ratio is declining rapidly.
Structural-Functional Bioinformatics: Knowledge-Based NMR Interpretation
Authors: Kulikowski Casimir A.  , Montelione Gaetano  , Anderson Stephen
Published: February 2025

This paper describes a knowledge-based approach to a problem of structural-functional bioinformatics, specifically the determination of protein structure through the automated analysis of NMR data. Highly successful results in carrying out sequencespecific assignments of residues from multidimensional NMR datasets has led us to automation of NOE dataset interpretation and a design for integrating these results with other protein structure and function analysis programs.
Achieving Standardization of Health Information in Canada by the Year 2000
Authors: Fitzgerald Christine  , Ogilvie Louise
Published: February 2025

As health reforms gain momentum in Canada, a critical need has been identified for the development of standardized health information across the continuum of health services. Although vast amounts of data are collected, deficiencies and gaps in current information systems seriously limit its effective use. As provinces and territories move toward more integrated health services systems, the necessity for a comprehensive and systematic analysis of health information requirements, and the development of requisite standards has never been greater.
A Statistical Model that takes into account Patient Heterogeneity in Decision Making
Authors: Akazawa Kouhei  , Nakamura Tsuyoshi  , Nose Yoshiaki
Published: February 2025

Statistical evaluation of clinical treatments or preventive medicine has profoundly contributed to decision making in medical fields such as with the acceptance of new treatment methods and health promotion policies. It is crucial in such decision making to find a correct statistical model to treat a surprisingly large variety of patients, or a heterogeneous group of patients, even with the same diagnosis. In diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease or diabetes, patients are often followed up to certain endpoints and these data are frequently analyzed by logrank tests or Cox-models to evaluate treatment effects. Although these methods have been widely accepted and extensively studied, we are sometimes faced with problems in applying these methods when the heterogeneity of patients is large and a lot of prognostic factors affecting the endpoints have to be considered Based on the results of the analyses of survival data from more than 6,000 gastric cancer patients, it is revealed that the stratified logrank test may suffer serious power loss, even though primary prognostic factors are used as stratified factors. A so-called ‘piecewise linear Cox regression method’ for properly treating the heterogeneity of patients is introduced and extensively studied. This method is shown to be appropriate for patient groups with a high degree of heterogeneity such as the gastric cancer patients. The same method is, in principle, applicable to patients of other diseases, too, using statistical software such as SAS, BMDP and etc.
Nursing Terminology: A Comparison of the ICNP and the Nursing Intervention Lexicon and Taxonomy
Authors: Grobe Susan J  , Hughes Linda C
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of nursing terminology work done to date and to compare the labels and subsumed terms of the recent alpha version of the International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP) with the verb terms (n=147) of the interventions in a dataset of interventions (n=7292) categorized using the Nursing Intervention Lexicon and Taxonomy (NILT). Two estimates were used to evaluate the adequacy of the ICNP terms for representing intervention terminology. Term matches were done using the NILT categories most similar to the ICNP action types. The ICNP action type ‘observing’ (and its subsumed terms) was best, accounting for 20% of the NILT verbs. The ICNP label ‘observing’ (and its subsumed terms) ranked first in accounting for 69% of the interventions in the NILT categories (CND & CV). The remaining action types had many fewer matches for the verbs and interventions in the NILT dataset. Thus it is possible to conclude that a relatively small subset of the verb terms, and interventions in a dataset of natural language interventions categorized using NILT have been captured by the ICNP alpha version of Axis A.
Lessons Learned from Co-operative Terminology Work in the Medical Domain
Authors: Kethers Stefanie  , von Buol Bettina  , Jarke Matthias  , Repges Rudolf
Published: February 2025

High-quality terminologies are crucial for communication, documentation, and information retrieval. The creation, adoption, and maintenance of such terminologies is a complex task that requires human co-operation. We have developed a terminology server that supports remote, asynchronous co-operation and allows data inconsistencies that can later be resolved through human discussion. We have employed the terminology server in two projects and report on the lessons learned, which have led us to extend our approach.
User Needs and Demands of a Computer Based Patient Record
Authors: Dumont Richard  , van der Loo Ruud  , van Merode Frits  , Tange Huibert
Published: February 2025

Prior to the implementation of a computer-based patient record, it is necessary to outline the requirements of the medical personnel. The paper is an account of a survey on information needs and demands on computer-based patient records. The study was conducted among physicians, nursing staff and therapists in two Dutch hospitals*. In order to conduct the study, a measuring-instrument in form of a questionnaire was developed. Based on the results, it may be concluded, that health service staff does not only require improved inputand consultation uses with regard to the hard copy, but is also in need of additional functions. The developed measuring instrument appeared to be a proficient aid in outlining the information needs and demands of the health service staff. Through the developed questionnaire, the staff was able to obtain an idea of the possibilities of the computer-based patient record and state their own interest in same.
Building Cross-Thesauri with the support of UMLS
Authors: Dessena Stefano  , Mori Angelo Rossi  , Galeazzi Elena
Published: February 2025

The absence of a robust system of descriptors (cross-thesaurus) hampers the development of combinatorial terminological systems. We developed a tool (I-BROWSE) to produce a cross-thesaurus by analizing terminological corpora. To facilitate the work of experts and to produce re-usable results, our application interacts via the Internet with the UMLS® Knowledge Sources Server.