bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial fat thickness predict precoronary artery disease status in psoriasis
Authors: Girisha Banavasi Shanmukha , Shibina Shajahan , Raghuraja U , Subramanyam K
Published: March 2021

Background:

Carotid intima-media thickness test is a surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Epicardial fat thickness is an early marker of coronary artery disease. Several studies have noted that psoriasis patients have an increased risk of coronary artery disease. In the present study, we attempted to see any variation in carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial fat thickness in psoriasis patients when compared to controls.

Aims:

1) To determine the carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial fat thickness in psoriatic patients and healthy controls. 2) To evaluate the association between carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial fat thickness in psoriasis patients.

Methods:

A hospital-based study with 100 subjects (50 with psoriasis and 50 healthy controls) was conducted in the Dermatology Outpatient Department of Justice KS Hegde Charitable Hospital, a unit of KS Hegde Medical Academy affiliated to NITTE (Deemed to be University) Mangaluru. A detailed history and examination including body mass index, psoriasis area and severity index were done. Carotid ultrasound was done to measure carotid intima-media thickness and transthoracic echocardiography was done to assess epicardial fat thickness in both cases and controls. Independent sample t-test, Pearson rank correlation (r) coefficient were used for statistical analysis. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22 Armonk, NY: IBM Corp was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

Mean carotid intima-media thickness in the right carotid ([0.51 ± 0.1mm vs 0.47 ± 0.1 mm] [P = 0.038]) and left carotid ([0.53 ± 0.12 mm vs 0.48 ± 0.1 mm] [P = 0.041]) were significantly increased in psoriasis patients than in controls. Mean epicardial fat thickness was significantly increased ([1.76 ± 0.66 mm vs. 1.49 ± 0.47 mm] ([P = 0.020]) in patients with psoriasis when compared with the controls. Epicardial fat thickness was positively correlated with carotid intima-media thickness in patients with psoriasis.

Limitations:

The cross-sectional design of the study, smoking among study subjects, inter and intraobserver variability of measurement of epicardial fat thickness and carotid intima-media thickness.

Conclusion:

Carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial fat thickness were increased in psoriasis patients when compared with healthy controls. Epicardial fat thickness was positively correlated with carotid intima-media thickness in cases.
Modeling ion trap thermal noise decoherence
Authors: Leibrandt D. , Yurke B. , Slusher R.
Published: March 2021

We present a detailed analysis of ion heating caused by thermal fluctuation noise in ion traps. The results of the analysis are used to estimate thermal noise ion heating rates for a variety of trap electrode configurations and materials, including recent scalable multiplexed planar ion trap proposals based on silicon VLSI technology. We find that minimizing thermal noise ion heating places severe constraints on the design and materials used for ion traps.
Quantum Gaussian channels with additive correlated classical noise
Authors: Ruggeri G. , Mancin S.
Published: March 2021

We provide a model to study memory effects in quantum Gaussian channels with additive classical noise over an arbitrary number of uses. The correlation among different uses is introduced by contiguous two-mode interactions. Numerical results for few modes are presented. They confirm the possibility to enhance the classical information rate with the aid of entangled inputs, and show a likely asymptotic behavior that should lead to the full capacity of the channel.
Winning strategies for pseudo-telepathy games using single non-local box
Authors: Kunkri S. , Kar G. , Ghosh S. , Roy A.
Published: March 2021

Using a single NL-box, a winning strategy is given for the impossible colouring pseudo-telepathy game for the set of vectors having Kochen-Specker property in four dimension. A sufficient condition given regarding the structure of the impossible colouring pseudo-telepathy game for general $d$-dimension. A winning strategy for this game is then described with single use of NL-box.
General classes of impossible operations through the existence of incomparable states
Authors: Chattopadhyay I. , Sarkar D.
Published: March 2021

In this work we show that the most general class of anti-unitary operators are nonphysical in nature through the existence of incomparable pure bipartite entangled states. It is also shown that a large class of inner-product-preserving operations defined only on the three qubits having spin-directions along x,y and z are impossible. If we perform such an operation locally on a particular pure bipartite state then it will exactly transform to another pure bipartite state that is incomparable with the original one. As subcases of the above results we find the nonphysical nature of universal exact flipping operation and existence of universal Hadamard gate. Beyond the information conservation in terms of entanglement, this work shows how an impossible local operation evolve with the joint system in a nonphysical way.
Single Stage Liquid Phase Exfoliated MoS2/Graphene Hetero-Structure With Enhanced Brightness for Live Cell Imaging
Authors: Kandhasamy Durai Murugan , Mareeswaran Paulpandian Muthu , Selvaraju Chellappan , Dhenadhayalan Namasivayam , Dharuman Venkataraman
Published: March 2021

In the present work, we have attempted a scalable method for the synthesis of MoS2/Graphene hetero-structure in an environmental benign solvent system. The results indicate that our approach is a possible method for the preparation of hetero-structures in solution. Moreover, thus obtained material shows better photoluminescence contrast compared to the individual counterparts and viable source of live cell imaging using PL.
Biomechanical and Biological Performances of Diels-Alder Crosslinked Thermogelling Bioink
Authors: Hahn Lukas , Beudert Matthias , Gutmann Marcus , Keßler Larissa , Stahlhut Philipp , Fischer Lena , Lorson Thomas , Thievessen Ingo , Lühmann Tessa , Luxenhofer Robert
Published: March 2021

Hydrogels are key components in bioink formulations to ensure printability and stability in biofabrication. In this study a well-known post-polymerization modification approach is introduced into thermogelling diblock copolymers, comprising poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) and thermoresponsive poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazine). While the thermogelling and shear-thinning properties allow excellent printability, trigger-less cell-friendly Diels-Alder click-chemistry yields long-term shape-fidelity. The introduced platform enables easy incorporation of cell-binding moieties (RGD-peptide) for cellular interaction. The hydrogel was functionalized with RGD-peptides using thiol-maleimide chemistry and growth as well as morphology of fibroblast seeded on top of the hydrogels confirmed the cell adhesion facilitated by the peptides. Finally, bioink formulations were tested for biocompatibility by incorporating fibroblasts homogenously inside polymer solution pre-printing and exhibited good cytocompatibility after the printing process and crosslinking. The established bioink system combining a two-step approach by physical precursor gelation followed by additional chemical stabilization offers a broad versatility for further biomechanical adaptation or bioresponsive peptide modification.
Development of a 3D Printable and Highly Stretchable Ternary Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Hydrogel
Authors: Hu Chen , Haider Malik Salman , Hahn Lukas , Yang Mengshi , Luxenhofer Robert
Published: March 2021

This work describes the synthesis and detailed characterization of a ternary hybrid hydrogel comprising a thermogelling hydrogel containing laponite clay nanoparticles, in which an additional polymer network is polymerized by free radical polymerization. The precursor hydrogel can be effectively 3D printed and after curing, interesting mechanical properties are obtained.
Non-Covalent Bonding Caught in Action: From Amorphous-to-Cocrystalline Molecular Thin Films
Authors: Chovnik Olga , Cohen Sidney , Pinkas Iddo , Houben Lothar , Gorelik Tatiana E. , Feldman Yishay , shimon linda , Iron Mark , Lahav Michal , van der Boom Milko
Published: March 2021

We demonstrate the solvent-free amorphous-to-cocrystalline transformations of nanoscale molecular films. Exposing amorphous films to vapors of a haloarene results in the formation of a cocrystalline coating. This transformation proceeds by gradual strengthening of halogen-bonding interactions as a result of the crystallization process. The gas-solid diffusion mechanism involves formation of an amorphous metastable phase prior to crystallization of the films. In-situ optical microscopy shows mass transport during this process, which is confirmed by cross-section analysis of the final structures using focused ion beam (FIB) milling combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nanomechanical measurements support the role of rigidity of the amorphous films influences the crystallization process. This surface transformation results in molecular arrangements that are not readily obtained through other means. Whereas cocrystals grown in solution crystallize in a monoclinic centrosymmetric space group, whereas the on-surface halogen-bonded assembly crystallizes into a noncentrosymmetric material with a bulk second-order non-linear optical (NLO) response.
Profiling the Proteome-Wide Selectivity of Diverse Electrophiles
Authors: Zanon Patrick R. A. , Yu Fengchao , Musacchio Patricia , Lewald Lisa , Zollo Michael , Krauskopf Kristina , Mrdović Dario , Raunft Patrick , Maher Thomas E. , Cigler Marko , Chang Christopher , Lang Kathrin , Toste F. Dean , Nesvizhskii Alexey I. , Hacker Stephan M.
Published: March 2021

Targeted covalent inhibitors are powerful entities in drug discovery, but their application has so far mainly been limited to addressing cysteine residues. The development of cysteine-directed covalent inhibitors has largely profited from determining their proteome-wide selectivity using competitive residue-specific proteomics. Several probes have recently been described to monitor other amino acids using this technology and many more electrophiles exist to modify proteins. Nevertheless, a direct, proteome‑wide comparison of the selectivity of diverse probes is still entirely missing. Here, we developed a completely unbiased workflow to analyse electrophile selectivity proteome‑wide and applied it to directly compare 54 alkyne probes containing diverse reactive groups. In this way, we verified and newly identified probes to monitor a total of nine different amino acids as well as the N‑terminus proteome‑wide. This selection includes the first probes to globally monitor tryptophans, histidines and arginines as well as novel tailored probes for methionines, aspartates and glutamates.
Six Low-Lying Isomers of C11H8 Are Unidentified in the Laboratory - a Theoretical Study
Authors: Roy Tarun , Ghosal Subhas , Thimmakondu Venkatesan S.
Published: March 2021

The potential energy surface of C11H8 has been theoretically examined using density functional theory and coupled-cluster methods. The current investigation reveals that 2aH-cyclopenta[cd]indene (2), 7-ethynyl-1H-indene (6), 4-ethynyl-1H-indene (7), 6-ethynyl-1H-indene(8), 5-ethynyl-1H-indene (9), and 7bH-cyclopenta[cd]indene (10) remain elusive to date in the laboratory. The puckered low-lying isomer 2 lies at 11 kJ mol−1 below the experimentally known molecule, cyclobuta[de]naphthalene (3), at the fc-CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//fc-CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ level of theory. 2 lies at 35 kJ mol−1 above the thermodynamically most stable and experimentally known isomer, 1H-cyclopenta[cd]indene (1), at the same level. It is identified that 1,2-H transfer from 1 yields 2H-cyclopenta[cd]indene (14) and subsequent 1,2-H shift from 14 yields 2. Appropriate transition states have been identified and intrinsic reaction coordinate calculations have been done at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. Recently, 1-ethynyl-1H-indene (11) has been detected using synchrotron based vacuum ultraviolet ionization mass spectrometry. 2-ethynyl-1H-indene (4) and 3-ethynyl-1H-indene (5) have been synthetically characterized in the past. While the derivatives of 7bH-cyclopenta[cd]indene (10) have been isolated elsewhere, the

parent compound remains unidentified to date in the laboratory. Although C11H8 is a key elemental composition in reactive intermediates chemistry and most of its isomers are having a non-zero dipole moment, to the best of our knowledge, none of them have been characterized by rotational spectroscopy. Therefore, energetic and spectroscopic properties have been computed and the present investigation necessitates new synthetic studies on C11H8, in particular 2, 6-10, and also rotational spectroscopic studies on all low-lying isomers.
Antibiotics: A changing scenario in Regenerative Endodontics
Authors: Kajol Relan  , Manoj Chandak  , Pooja Chandak  , Madhulika Chandak  , Chanchal Rathi  , Shruti Mishra
Published: March 2021

The main aim of Endodontics is to either prevent the endodontic disease or to treat it. This is achieved by maintaining the pulp health in cases of pulp inflammation. If there is pulp necrosis, pulp health can be maintained by regenerating the healthy pulp tissue. Hence various researches and the clinical studies tried to regenerate the healthy functioning pulp-dentin complex. Regenerative dentistry aims to biologically replace the dental tissues along with their supporting structures. Regenerative Endodontics can be defined as “ biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged structures such as dentin, root structures, and cells of the pulp-dentin complex.” Root canal anatomy is complex, hence even after mechanical instrumentation, there exists some portions of the root canal that remain untouched. Only instrumentation cannot completely eliminate the microbes existing into the root canal. Hence there is need to additionally irrigate the canals and also using medicaments is required to disinfect the root canal and promote healing. This article aims at focussing on various antibiotics used and role of these materials to disinfect the canals during revascularization treatment.
Meropenem as a broad-spectrum antibiotic choice for various bacterial infections
Authors: Harshith N  , Naga Pravallika K  , Sujay Mugaloremutt Jayadeva  , Kanakavalli K Kundury
Published: March 2021

There are Numerous Antibiotics are available for the Treatment of numerous kinds of Bacterial Infections but the selection of Particular antibiotic will always hold the Key. The Study was carried out to evaluate whether Meropenem as a Choice of Antibiotic for various Bacterial Infections. To assess the effectiveness of Meropenem, the field survey for this project was conducted through a structured questionnaire for the doctors out in Bengaluru for Period of 2 months with the Support of Micro Labs Pvt. Ltd by involving 150 leading Doctors in the City from March to April 2020. The Survey population was chosen based on convenient random sampling. Analysis was done based on the several diseases associated with the Bacterial Infections and the occurrence of these Infections observed in their Clinical Practice every week. Comparison of Infections in ICU’S and comparison were made with the other available Antibiotics for the combination treatment and different conditions on using Meropenem. The Study Outcomes indicated that Most of the Doctors favored Meropenem as the Antibiotic Choice for their Prescription.
Resveratrol: A Pleiotropic Phytoconstituent
Authors: Prashant N. Amale  , Manish P. Deshmukh  , Ashish B. Budhrani  , Shilpa A. Deshpande
Published: March 2021

Resveratrol (RSV) is a plant polyphenol or phytolexin phytoconstituents obtained from the grapes, berries, peanut, and wine. RSV is obtained from natural source and regarded as safe, effective, and hepatoprotective drug with no other serious organ toxicities are reported yet. This property of RSV makes it advantageous over the allopathic medicine having symptomatic cure and plethora of adverse effects. It’s a cheap and widely available phytoconstituent approved in the global market in the active form as trans-resveratrol. It has multiple pharmacological actions including, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, anti-parkinsonian, anti-alzheimers, antioxidant, antidepressant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic effects. These effects are mediated via modulation of diverse underlying endogenous molecules like reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, malonaldehyde, neutrophil, sirtulin, cyclo-oxygenase, inducible nitric oxide syntheses, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione s-transferase, alpha-secretase, metalloproteinases, C-reactive protein, dopamine, nor-adrenaline, serotonin, cytokines (interleukins), nuclear factor kappa, signal transducer activator of transcription, brain derived neural nactor, neuropeptide, hypothalamo-pitutary axis, astroglia, mitochondrial dysfunction, glutamate, adrenergic, cholinergic, opioidergic, and purinergic receptors. Researchers are trying to explore its additional health benefits and preparing new analogues for better survival in the field. Present review will help to enlighten the multi-target pleiotropic pharmacological nature of a RSV in relation to the variety of the molecular targets modulation through extensive web science literature survey.
Formulation and evaluation of Olmesartan Medoxomil solid dispersions to enhance its solubility and dissolution characteristics
Authors: Christopher Vimalson D  , Parimalakrishnan S  , Jeganathan N S  , Anbazhagan S
Published: March 2021

The objective of the present learns to improve solubility and dissolution of Olmesartan Medoxomil (OM) by improving water solubility by reliable dispersion methods using fusion method (FM) and solvent evaporation (SE) method via hydrophilic polymers PEG 6000 and PVP K30 in different ratios.  Preformulation studies of OM: polymers were carried using DSC and FTIR proves that it is stable without any extra peaks, which implies no interaction among the drug and carrier. For OM in FM drug: polymer ratio was maintained in a range 1:1, 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7 w/w ratio of OM to PEG 6000 and  coded as SDOM1, SDOM2, SDOM3 and SDOM4 whereas for SE method OM to PVP K30  ratio was maintained in a range of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7 w/w ratio  and coded as SDOM5, SDOM6, SDOM7 and SDOM8. SDOM3 by FM and SDOM7 by SE method resulted in the highest production yield. The solubility studies have shown improved drug solubility compared with a pure drug in all medium. Percentage of drug content, flowability characters like the angle of repose and carr's index, bulk density, Hausner's, tapped density were within acceptable limits. In vitro drug release in the intestinal gastric medium of pH 1.2 was improved significantly when compared with pure drug. SDOM3 and SDOM7, selected for accelerated stability studies, had no significant change in physical parameters, drug content, with little changes in the in vitro  drug release pattern. Hence solubility and dissolution rate of OM is increased by using the PEG 6000 and PVP K30 polymers.
Pengembangan panduan konseling Islami berbasis model Gerald Corey
Authors: Ermalianti Ermalianti
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh ketiadaan panduan konseling Islami yang jelas dan sistematis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan panduan konseling Islami berbasis Model Gerald Corey. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian dan pengembangan (R & D) berdasarkan model Bord & Gall dengan modifikasi oleh Sukmadinata. Tahap  pengembangan meliputi:  studi  pendahuluan,  pengembangan  produk,  validasi  ahli dan pengguna. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari kuisioner, observasi dan wawancara. Jenis data yang digunakan berupa data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil uji validasi Panduan konseling Islami berbasis Model Gerald Corey dari para ahli dan para calon pengguna menunjukkan nilai rata-rata empat (4) dengan kategori sangat tepat/sesuai. Dengan demikian, panduan koseling Islami berdasarkan model Gerald Corey telah memenuhi kriteria sangat tepat/sesuai dan layak untuk dipergunakan.
Peningkatan karakter demokratis melalui Traditional Enggo Group Play Therapy pada anak usia TK
Authors: Krobo Andrianus
Published: March 2021

Karakter demokratis perlu ditumbuhkan sejak usia dini karena merupakan pondasi awal terhadap kepribadiannya di masa yang akan datang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu menjelaskan langkah-langkah Traditional Enggo Group Play Therapy dan untuk menjabarkan hasil peningkatan karakter demokratis anak usia Taman Kanak-kanak melalui Traditional Enggo Group Play Therapy. Metode penelitian menggunakan participatory action research. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat peningkatan karakter demokratis anak, baik dari skor observasi dan angket, maupun analisis dokumentasi, catatan lapangan, dan wawancara. Dari data observasi, skor pra tindakan dua, sedangkan skor pada pertemuan keenam di siklus II adalah tujuh. Dari data angket, terdapat peningkatan jumlah anak yang memilki karakter demokratis, mulai dari 33% dari lima belas anak pada pra tindakan, hingga 93% pada siklus II. Hal ini berarti, Traditional Enggo Group Play Therapy dapat meningkatkan karakter demokratis anak usia Taman Kanak-Kanak.
I am the river. The river is me
Authors: Lewis Dylan
Published: March 2021

Throughout Aotearoa-New Zealand many of our landscape features are deeply connected to whakapapa (genealogy/lineage) and hold grave amounts of cultural and spiritual significance to tangata whenua (indigenous people). One prominent example of this is the Whanganui River. Throughout history being seen as a sacred source, the recent acquisition of legal personhood has witnessed the acknowledgement of its mauri (life force) and future well-being. Being a widely used and respected waterway, the river holds identifiable character and meaning throughout its journey through the Manawatu.

With the scope set with the city of Whanganui, something that is lost with the reaches of the urban river environment is the ability to convey these ideas and values to the people of the city. Many significant sites and history are lost to the standardization of the river’s edge. This added with the issue of flooding leaves areas lacking in connection and resilience. With a river surrounded in cultural importance and personhood, how can these ideas be conveyed to people less familiar, but still respect the values of local iwi (tribe) and the river itself?

This design-led research aims to explore the ideas and values behind Te awa tupua, and how the contrasting perspectives of nature and culture can be understood and re-thought in regards to the riverside landscape. Focusing on the understanding of values, history, connection and health. The research uses a built framework to guide decision making. While the design solution acts to improve the cultural and spiritual presence along the river’s edge. Utilizing forgotten areas of land along the river’s journey, old Pā sites are resurfaced and reconnected to the city. While the connection the riverside landscape has been rethought to bring the idea of ownership and use, back to the river environment itself.
Strategies Used by Public Primary School Teachers for Enhancing Students’ Curiosity in Science
Authors: Bakhtawer Nasrullah  , Ghulam Fatima  , Dur e Nayab
Published: March 2021

This qualitative study was planned to identify the curiosity enhancing strategies (CES) and explore the challenges faced by teachers during the use of strategies at primary school students in the subject of science. Curiosity is the desire to acquire new knowledge through exploration in order to grow and expand understanding. Curiosity refers to the tendency of children to ask, investigate, and find out the new knowledge obtained from their environment. The researchers did not find a study in the literature that specifically examined identification of curiosity related strategies used by teachers in Pakistan. This research study was conducted to identify the curiosity related strategies used by the public sector school teachers in teaching Science to students enrolled in primary classes in Lahore. Purposive sampling technique was used for selection of the participants of the study. Data was collected from teachers and students of primary school (5th grade) level in science subject. Data from teachers was collected personally and on telephone. Data from students was collected through interviews by visiting the respective schools and after taking consent of the school principal. Two semi structured interview protocols were developed for taking responses at primary school level teachers and students. Data was analyzed by using thematic analysis technique. Findings of the study reflected that primary school teachers of the study were using different strategies for enhancing curiosity in students in the subject of Science. During the use of these strategies public sector primary school teachers faced many challenges like lack of resources, large strength of students in a classroom, lack of students attention, lack of parents cooperation. This study recommended that teachers and parents may use these strategies for enhancing curiosity in students.
Role of Infrastructural Projects in Sustainable Development: Analysis of Local Government Services of Emerging Economies
Authors: Ashfaq Ahmad  , Zaheer ud Din Babar  , Khalid Latif
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The current study is carried out to examine the role of local government services in project success for sustainable development through infrastructure projects in the selected part of Pakistan Local Government services are considered essential for sustainable development in the contemporary world especially in the infrastructure sector. Emerging economies like Pakistan are struggling to improve quality of life by providing better opportunities to its masses through local government services for sustainable development. Therefore, such topic is worth essential to study.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A structured questionnaire (using five points liker scale ranging 1 to 5) is used to collect data from 217 respondents who are directly engaged in infrastructure projects by using random sampling technique. SPSS is used for data analysis through selected statistical techniques.

Findings: Results indicate that there is statistically significant relationship between services of local government and project success in infrastructure sector. Moreover, Local Govt. Services contribute towards sustainable socio-economic development in the economy.

Implications/Originality/Value:

It is suggested that policy makers and relevant authorities should improve the quality of local government services with diversity to develop infrastructure sector by executing success projects for individual and collective well-being.
Epidemiology of work-related lower back pain among rehabilitation professionals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abolfotouh Mostafa , Alomair Fay , Alangari Dalal , Bushnak Ibraheem , Aldebasi Bader , Almansoof Afaf
Published: March 2021

Background: Occupational and physical therapists are at risk of musculoskeletal pain and injuries possibly due to their work-related activities, posture and affected body mechanics. Aims: To investigate the epidemiology of lower back pain among rehabilitation professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 259 physical and occupational therapists in rehabilitation centres in Saudi Arabia was conducted during July–August 2019, using the Modified Nordic Questionnaire. Data on different measures of lower back pain, and its consequences and risk factors were collected. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify significant predictors of lower back pain. Results: Rehabilitation professionals experienced 73.7% 1-year lower back pain prevalence, 52.5% intense pain that lasted ≥ 1 day, 22.4% chronic lower back pain, 23.9% sick-leave-seeking lower back pain and 18.5% medical-care-seeking lower back pain. Difficult/impossible activities of daily living in standing up (45.5%), employment (44.0%), climbing stairs (33.9%), walking (33.0%), sitting (29.3%), sleeping and travel (29.8% each), awakening (23.0%), social life (26.2%), and personal care (15.7%) were reported. Lower back pain was responsible for stopping work in 32.5% of participants, with a mean 1.38 (±2.96) days off work during the last year. One half of participants (50.3%) were treated by physiotherapy, 25.1% by medical care, and 39.3% requested rest days and/or sick leave. Physical stress and < 10 years’ experience were significant predictors of lower back pain. Conclusion: Prevalence of lower back pain was high among rehabilitation professionals, with a high impact on activities of daily living. Physiotherapy was the main management adopted. Educational programmes are necessary to teach proper use of body mechanics, and sports activity programmes to reduce the risk of lower back pain and arrange for proper rest periods.
The Genomic and Structural Organization of SARS-CoV-2: A Mutational Perspective
Authors: Parvez Mohammad K. , Niyazi Sakina
Published: March 2021

The ongoing pandemic due to the novel SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) has exerted a great toll on human health. The SARS-CoV-2 is the third most pathogenic human CoV after SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, which is classified within the genus Betacoronavirus. Though the actual source of its origin and transmission is still unclear, genetic analysis has shown its very close similarity (~96%) with bat SARS-like CoV. SARS-CoV-2 is a spherically-icosahedral virus with a plus-sense single-strand RNA (~30 kb) genome defined into thirteen open reading frames, which encode 2 non-structural polyproteins, 4 structural proteins and 6 accessory proteins. Of its structural proteins the ‘S1’ subunit of spike (S) contains the cellular ACE-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) whereas the ‘S2’ subunit is required for cell membrane fusion. The membrane (M) protein participates in cell-fusion whereas envelope (E) is necessary for virion assembly and morphogenesis. The non-structural polyproteins (pp1a and pp1b) undergo proteolytic processing to produce a total of 16 small proteins, which are involved in mRNA synthesis and replication. Of the accessory proteins (3a, 6, 7a, 7b, 8 and 9b), few are known to modulate host-innate immunity. Interestingly, ‘3b’ is absent in SARS-CoV-2 that significantly differentiates it from other human CoV. Detection of several novel mutations in ‘3a’, ‘3b’ and ‘ORF8’ proteins, notably in the ‘S’ RBD strongly suggest SARS-CoV-2 enhanced cell attachment and facilitated entry, its high infectivity and disease severity in humans. The recent emergence of highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 RBD variants in the United Kingdom (B.1.1.7 strain), South Africa (B.1.351 strain) and Brazil (P.1 strain), and their subsequent spread to other counties have raised serious concerns. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0301-8 Full Text: PDF
“OLD” AND “NEW” SOCIAL MOBILITY IN THE RUSSIAN NORTH AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF POLAR ISLAM (STUDY OF THE PHENOMENON THROUGH THE COGNITIVE POTENTIAL OF TRANSGRESSION)
Authors: Magomedov Arbahan K.
Published: March 2021

This work explores one of the most poorly studied aspects of Russian Arctic research: Muslim development in the regions of the rapidly changing Russian North. The concept of the “new Muslin geography of Russia” is introduced in the article to describe how the emergence and development of new Islamic
The teaching of time in learning Modern Greek as a foreign language
Authors: Roubis N. , Montzoli M.
Published: March 2021

The pan-linguistic significance of the time category is easy to become visible, as long as one considers that all languages contain lexical and functional / grammatical elements for its statement, although the manner of this statement diff ers from language to language. However, there is a common need to state time linguistically as one of the main categories of speech, especially if we take into account the three basic coordinates that determine the speech I-here-now. More simply, everything we say in language is part of the place and the time, regardless of whether it is expressed always lexically. Nothing, in this sense, can be timeless. As to the learning-teaching of a foreign language, the gradual acquisition of the individual vocabulary and syntactic structures that express time is a complex, learning-didactic goal that should utilize a variety of theoretical sources. We then examine some representative sources of such type, trying to present the way they include the concept of time in their structure. Finally, we suggest indicative ways to use them further in teaching practice. Specifically, we examine grammars of the Modern Greek of traditional type, newer ones based on the traditional model of linguistic analysis, modern ones with linguistic, theoretical orientation, detailed curricula for teaching Modern Greek as a foreign language and characteristic textbooks for teaching Modern Greek to foreigners
Analisis Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Menggunakan Metode NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) pada Kecamatan Natar, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Rachman Fattur , Ramadhani Winih Sekaringtyas , Rahmat Ali
Published: March 2021

Natar District is one of the districts in South Lampung Regency which has an area of 213.77 km2 or around 21,377 HA. In the agricultural sector, most of the land in Natar District is dominated by maize and paddy fields. This study aims to determine changes in land use in 2002, 2009 and 2019 in Natar District, South Lampung Regency. This study uses imagery from Landsat 7 and 8 processed in the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) method with the formula "NDVI = (NIR-RED) / (NIR + RED)". After processing the data, field observations were made to 30 sample points which were spread evenly throughout the Natar District. In this study, the results showed that land conversion to open land increased every year, on the other hand the area of land with low to moderate vegetation density decreased every year. In field observations, it was found that various land uses ranging from settlements, markets, and various uses for agricultural and plantation land. Open land in Natar District in 2019 increased by 32.7% from 2002, on the other hand, low and moderate vegetation land has decreased by 32.5% and 12.5% respectively since 2002. The government must tighten environmental regulations regarding land which can be converted or not. If population growth becomes uncontrolled, the conversion of agricultural land functions increases, it will be impossible for Indonesia to realize national food security
A Preliminary Study of Proteomic Analysis on Caseins and Whey Proteins in Donkey Milk from Xinjiang and Shandong of China
Authors: Luoyizha Wahafu , Zeng Bo , Li Hui , Liao Xiaojun
Published: March 2021

The proteomics of donkey milk from China’s major producing areas have not been well documented. To explore the protein profiles of donkey milk from China, this study preliminarily investigated caseins and whey proteins in products from two major producing areas using quantitative proteomics approach. Total 15 caseins genetic variants and 620 whey proteins were identified and relatively quantified. Functional categorization of whey proteins was clustered into 46 terms based on Gene ontology (GO) and 42 Brite B classes based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Six of the seven identified isoforms of caseins were firstly observed in donkey milk. Whey proteins including α‐lactalbumin, β‐lactoglobulins and lysozyme were identified, but no immunoglobulins or lactoferrin was determined. An unprecedented low ratio of casein/whey indicated that the products were very good sources with high biological value. This study enhanced knowledge of protein composition and established proteins profiles of differentially expressed proteins in the selected products of donkey milk from China.
Combining Hybrid Approach Redefinition-Multiclass Imbalance (HAR-MI) and Hybrid Sampling in Handling Multi-Class Imbalance and Overlapping
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Ongko Erianto
Published: March 2021

The class imbalance problem in the multi-class dataset is more challenging to manage than the problem in the two classes and this problem is more complicated if accompanied by overlapping. One method that has proven reliable in dealing with this problem is the Hybrid Approach Redefinition-Multiclass Imbalance (HAR-MI) method which is classified as a hybrid approach that combines sampling and classifier ensembles. However, in terms of diversity among classifiers, a hybrid approach that combines sampling and classifier ensembles will give better results. HAR-MI provides excellent results in handling multi-class imbalances. The HAR-MI method uses SMOTE to increase the number of samples in the minority class. However, this SMOTE also has a weakness where an extremely imbalanced dataset and a large number of attributes will be over-fitting. To overcome the problem of over-fitting, the Hybrid Sampling method was proposed. HAR-MI combination with Hybrid Sampling is done to increase the number of samples in the minority class and at the same time reduce the number of noise samples in the majority class. The preprocessing stages at HAR-MI will use the Minimizing Overlapping Selection under Hybrid Sampling (MOSHS) method, and the processing stages will use Different Contribution Sampling. The results obtained will be compared with the results using Neighbourhood-based under-sampling. Overlapping and Classifier Performance will be measured using Augmented R-Value, the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Precision, Recall, and F-Value. The results showed that HAR-MI with Hybrid Sampling gave better results in terms of Augmented R-Value, Precision, Recall, and F-Value
Anti-establishment voting and Euroscepticism: The case of Italy and the Five Star Movement
Authors: Di Lieto Giovanni , Mascitelli Bruno
Published: March 2021

This paper explores the meaning of the Italian anti-establishment voting and whether the Five Star Movement’s anti-establishment label is appropriate. More specifically the investigation addresses the policies of the Five Star Movement towards the now creaking European Union, especially as growing Euroscepticism has been boosted by the Brexit referendum and the Trump dismissal and disdain for the European Union. In doing so, the paper examines the historic approach of so-called ‘anti- establishment’ parties that have had an almost ‘normal’ occurrence within the Italian political environment since the end of the Second World War. In this sense the paper concludes that addressing parties and systems as anti-establishment does little to help our understanding of this most fluid political period in Italy and across Europe.
Outside the Gates of Europe, the Weapons Speak : Metaphorical Conceptualizations of Ukraine and Russia in German Media Discourse
Authors: Krause Felix
Published: March 2021

The world of global politics is composed of complex, interrelated and events. To obtain information, to form an opinion and to react to recent developments, policy makers as well as the public depend on news media. Decisions in the field of global politics, therefore, are based on perceptions and beliefs rather than on objective assessments. The following study takes the example of the German print media, analysing the German perception of Russia and Ukraine within the context of the ongoing Ukraine conflict. The current political development in Ukraine is complex, driven by geopolitical, economical and ideological factors. A mediation of these events by news media therefore requires a drastic reduction of complexity to inform readers and decision-makers on developments in this region. Through examination of conceptual metaphors used in the representation of the conflict, this study seeks to better understand how the two main state actors are comprehended and portrayed in German media discourse.
Pengaruh Substitusi Konsentrat dengan Maggot Terhadap Konsumsi Pakan Ayam Boiler
Authors: Susanto Robbi Erik , Al kurnia Dyanovita , Qomaruddin Muridi
Published: March 2021

Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilakukan selama 30 hari pada tanggal 1 Februari hingga 1 Maret 2020 di Peternakan Robbi Erik Susanto di Desa Bronjong, Kecamatan Bluluk, Kabupaten Lamongan, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat penggunaan tepung maggot pada boiler. terutama konsumsi pakan pada ayam Boiler. Materi penelitian adalah ayam Boiler strain Malindo sebanyak 34 ekor dengan bobot rata-rata 40 gram / ekor. Pakan yang dipakai ialah pakan stater berumur 1-21 hari, jenis pakan Malindo 8202 (berbentuk pellet). Menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pengaruh setiap perlakuan terhadap tingkat konsumsi pakan boiler umur 3-31 hari tidak dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi subtitus belatung terhadap konsumsi pakan broiler (P <0,05). Pada tingkat perlakuan P0 (0%), P1 (10%), P2 (20%), P3 (30%).
НАПІВФАБРИКАТИ ІЗ НЕДЕРЕВНОЇ СИРОВИНИ ДЛЯ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ ПАПЕРУ
Authors: Черьопкіна Р. І. , Трембус І. В. , Дейкун І. М.
Published: March 2021

The main objectives of scientific work is to study the technological parameters of the sodium hydroxide method  of  delignification  of  non-wood  raw  materials  and  production  of  fibrous  first  stuff   for  the  manufacturing  of packaging types of paper. Methodology. For the research, rapeseed stalks, sodium hydroxide cooking, anthraquinone catalyst were used. The  brews  were  cooked  in  steel  autoclaves,  which  were  lowered  into  a  glycerin  bath.  Standard  methods  for  the determination of the quality indicators (yield and residual lignin content) of non-wood fiber first stuff  were used. As a mathematical  data  processing  method,  the  generalized  reduced  gradient  method  was  used.  Laboratory  samples  of castings of fibrous first stuff  and paper were made on a LA-2 sheet-making apparatus, the mechanical parameters of the outturn sheet were determined according to the standard methods using appropriate instruments. Results. The expediency of using rapeseed stalks for processing of fibrous first stuff  under alkaline conditions has been proven. It was found that the greatest influence on the delignification of raw materials has the raise of cooking temperature from 80 to 120 ° C and the use of the anthraquinone catalyst. It has been shown that the obtained rapeseed first stuff  have sufficient paper-forming properties and are suitable for use in the production of MS 5B brand paper for the use in the production of fluting paper or board of B-3 grade. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the environmental friendliness of the agrowaste processing as an alternative raw material for the production of fibrous first stuff  at low cooking temperatures. Using rapeseed stalks as an example, the influence of technological parameters on the quality indicators of first stuff  was studied. Using the mathematical methods of the processing of experiment data, the optimal ratio of fibrous first stuff /waste paper at which the strength indicators of fluting paper or board will meet the standards was determined. Practical significance. Research results has shown the expediency of using oilseed wastes for processing of fibrous first stuff , with the aim of expanding the raw material base of cardboard and paper production.
ЗАСОБИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЛОКАЛЬНОГО ОБ’ЄКТУ
Authors: Кравченко О. П. , Манойлов Е. Г. , Бабич Г. О. , Малий Я. С.
Published: March 2021

Development of electronic monitoring and control system for achieving an effective ratio between electrical energy generation and consumption in the local object power supply system. Methodology. The theory of electrical circuits and electronic circuits were used. Obtaned  results.  The  electronic  system  for  monitoring  and  controlling  power  supply  in  the  local object  power  system  was  developed.  The  system  comprises  three  modules:  central  processor,  module  for monitoring  environment  parameters  and executive module  which  consists  of measuring (current,  voltage) and relay blocks. The central processor processes signals from monitoring and measuring blocks and forms executive  commands  on  relay  block  in  order  to  switch  on/off  consumer  loads  and  electric  generators. Developed systems alowes both maximal power take-off from distributed (renewable) energy sources and flexible  implementation  of  power  consumption  regulation  for  achieving  an  effective  ratio  between  the generation of electrical energy provided by renewable energy sources and the general distribution network, and the total load device consumption in the local object power system. Orginality. The electronic monitoring and controlling system in the local object power system alows providing generated and consumed loads monitoring in the real time. The system provides an ability to form real time  energy  profiles based    on  which  the  control  algorithm  for  executive  block  control is  formed in order to achieve an effective ratio between generation and consumption of electricity in the power system of the local facility.for in   power consumption control system has been developed, which consists of a central processor, monitoring and executive units. The monitoring unit allows you to create energy profiles in real time,  on  the  basis  of  which  the  control  algorithm  in  the  executive  unit  is  formed  in  order  to  achieve  an effective ratio between the electricity  generation and consumption in the local object power system. Practical  value.  As  a  result  of  the  presented  work,  an  electronic  system  for  monitoring  and controling electricity supply in the local object power system with the defined formation of distributed energy sources generation and required consumption profiles in the real time was developed to provide efficient energy  consumption  according  to  the  concepts  of  distributed  electrical  networks  with  renewable  energy sources and Smart House.