bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Sample Preparation Methods on Permeability and Microstructure of Remolded Loess
Authors: Ma Jianquan , Qiu Yongqiang , Gao Yanbin , An Yuke , Duan Zhao , Li Shibo
Published: October 2023

To explore the influence of sample preparation methods on the permeability and microstructure of remolded loess, remolded loess collected from Heifangtai was taken as the research object. A total of 40 sets of falling-head permeability tests were conducted using two commonly used sample preparation methods, and five different dry density and four initial water content conditions. Additionally, the electrical conductivity of the leachate and the microscopic structure of the samples were analyzed. The results demonstrate that compared to the transfer wetting method, the homogeneity of samples prepared using the pre-wetting method is inferior. This difference is particularly evident when the initial water content is high. Due to the long duration of the permeability test, the pore structure is prone to change, resulting in relatively higher permeability coefficients. Moreover, the total dissolved solids (TDS) of the leachate exhibit a significant decrease with increasing seepage time, indicating the loss of soluble salts. Microscopic structural analysis reveals that samples prepared using the pre-wetting method exhibit a greater number of large pores and aggregates, which are intrinsic factors contributing to the observed differences in permeability between the two sample preparation methods. Furthermore, it should be noted that the impact of the sample preparation method on the permeability of remolded loess is more significant when the dry density is relatively low (specifically, less than 1.45 g/cm3). Conversely, when the dry density is higher, the influence becomes less pronounced.
Monitoring Discharge in Vegetated Floodplains: A Case Study of the Piave River
Authors: Herrera Gómez Verónica , Ravazzani Giovanni , Mancini Marco , Marchi Niccolò , Lingua Emanuele , Ferri Michele
Published: October 2023

The accurate assessment of discharge in vegetated floodplains during floods is a persistent challenge in river engineering due to the difficulty of acquiring hydraulic data, the variability in vegetation roughness, and the limitations of on-site vegetation characterization. This study introduces a novel approach that combines the continuous slope-area method with LiDAR-derived vegetation data and water depths measured with piezoresistive sensors to evaluate floodplain discharges while considering variations in roughness coefficients induced by arboreal vegetation. We apply this approach to a specific reach of the Piave River in Italy using data collected during the December 2020 flood event. The study demonstrates the capability of the employed measurement system to record extreme floods and emphasizes the importance of including vegetation roughness variations in floodplain discharge calculations. The proposed approach has the potential to be applied in similar scenarios, providing valuable insights for floodplain discharge estimation in vegetated areas.
A Model Predicting the Maximum Face Slab Deflection of Concrete-Face Rockfill Dams: Combining Improved Support Vector Machine and Threshold Regression
Authors: Zhao Wei , Wang Zilong , Zhang Haiyang , Wang Ting
Published: October 2023

The deformation of concrete-face rockfill dams (CFRDs) is a key parameter for the safety control of reservoir and dam systems. Rapid and accurate estimation of the deformation characteristics of CFRDs is a top priority. To realize this, we proposed a new model for predicting the maximum face slab deflection (FD) of CFRDs, combining the threshold regression (TR) and the improved support vector machine (SVM). In this paper, based on the collected 71 real measurement data from engineering examples, we constructed an adaptive hybrid kernel function with high precision and generalization ability. We optimized the selection of the main parameters of the SVM by a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Meanwhile, we clustered the deformation parameters according to the dam height by the TR. It significantly contributes to the accuracy and generalization of the model. Finally, a prediction model for the FD characteristics of CFRDs combining TR and improved SVM was developed. The new prediction model can overcome the nonlinear abrupt feature of the sample data and achieve high precision with R2 greater than 0.8 in the final testing set. Our model is more accurate with faster convergence compared to the previous model. This study provides a more accurate model for predicting maximum face slab deflection and lays the foundation for safety control and evaluation of dams.
Physical and Biological Stream Health in an Agricultural Watershed after 30+ Years of Targeted Conservation Practices
Authors: Varela Will L. , Mundahl Neal D. , Bergen Silas , Staples David F. , Cochran-Biederman Jennifer , Weaver Cole R.
Published: October 2023

Agricultural activities within watersheds can have negative effects on river ecosystems, but numerous conservation practices can be implemented that reduce soil erosion, increase water infiltration, slow runoff, and improve soil quality. Our study focused on analyzing overall stream health (instream and riparian physical, instream biological) at 56 stream sites within an agricultural watershed (83,000 hectares, 70% croplands, and rangelands) in southeastern Minnesota, USA, with a 30+-year history of targeted conservation practices to protect local water resources of importance for tourism and recreation. After implementation of >900 best management practices (BMPs) over the last 20 years in the study subwatersheds, only 20% of the stream sites examined exhibited good stream health, and 40% were in poor condition, based on a combination of instream and riparian factors and aquatic community integrity. Time since implementation, location, and total coverage of BMPs within the relatively large subwatersheds all may have contributed to the apparently limited effectiveness of these conservation management practices toward producing observable improvements in stream health to date. Many indicators of stream health (e.g., fine sediments, sediment embeddedness, fish biotic integrity) differed significantly among subwatersheds, but those differences could not be explained by differences in numbers or coverages of BMPs in those subwatersheds. Longitudinal stream health patterns were similar among subwatersheds (moderate health in headwaters, poor in mid-reaches, good in lower reaches), likely due, in part, to similarities in locations of spring discharges and channel instability. New rules protecting stream riparia, maintenance of existing BMPs, and future BMPs targeting remaining problem areas should lead to improving stream health in this large watershed.
Exploring the Sensitivity of the Transient Response following Power Failure to Air Valve and Pipeline Characteristics
Authors: Tasca Elias , Besharat Mohsen , Ramos Helena M. , Luvizotto Edevar , Karney Bryan
Published: October 2023

Air valves are protective devices often used in pressurised water pipelines, ideally admitting air to limit sub-atmospheric pressures and controlling the release of entrapped air. This work summarises a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the transient behaviour in a rising water pipeline with an air valve following a pump trip. The paper examines the water hammer stages associated with a pump trip, namely, the initial depressurisation, followed by air admission, then air expulsion, and finally the creation of a secondary pressure wave. For each air valve location and specific set of design conditions, the relationship between the transient magnitude and air valve outflow capacity is found to be non-linear, but to roughly follow the shape of a logistic curve having a lower left plateau for attenuated (type 1) behaviour and transitioning through type 2 behaviour to a higher right plateau for water-hammer-dominated (type 3) behaviour. Through an extensive set of simulations covering a wide range of conditions, the study identifies the size of the critical outflow orifices associated with both type 1 and type 3 responses and assesses the influence of the location of the air valve on the transient magnitude and on the timing of air pocket collapse. Furthermore, the paper highlights that a non-slam air valve is capable of effectively mitigating transient magnitudes provided that its design parameters are judiciously chosen and account for both the system’s attributes and the characteristics of the transient event.
Mussel Shell-Supported Yttrium-Doped Bi2MoO6 Composite with Superior Visible-Light Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Cai Lu , Zhou Yarui , Guo Jian , Sun Jiaxing , Ji Lili
Published: October 2023

A series of Yttrium (Y)-doped Bi2MoO6 composites with calcined mussel shell powder (CMS) as supports were synthesized using a solvothermal method. The as-prepared samples were analyzed using multiple techniques to investigate their microscopic morphology, composition structure, and optical properties. The photocatalytic performance of the as-prepared samples was assessed via examining their capacity to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation. The photocatalytic data showed that the Y-doped Bi2MoO6/CMS composites exhibited better photocatalytic activity compared to pure Bi2MoO6 and undoped Bi2MoO6/CMS samples. Among the samples, the 0.5%Y-doped Bi2MoO6/CMS (0.5%Y-BC) showed the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving a maximum degradation rate of 99.7% within 60 min. This could be attributed to highly reactive sites due to Y doping, a narrower band gap, and a lower recombination rate of photoinduced electron–hole pairs. Additionally, the 0.5%Y-BC photocatalyst exhibited excellent stability and reusability properties even after four cycles, making it suitable for practical applications. The findings provided a feasible synthesis of nanocomposite photocatalysts with outstanding properties for organic pollutant removal from the solution system.
Research on Temperature Inconsistency of Large-Format Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on the Electrothermal Model
Authors: Yu Chao , Zhu Jiangong , Wei Xuezhe , Dai Haifeng
Published: October 2023

Large-format lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are increasingly applied in energy storage systems for electric vehicles, owing to their flexible shape design, lighter weight, higher specific energy, and compact layouts. Nevertheless, the large thermal gradient of Li-ion batteries leads to performance degradation and irreversible safety issues. The difference in the highest temperature position at various operational modes makes accurate temperature monitoring complicated. Accordingly, a full understanding of the temperature inconsistency of large-format Li-ion batteries is crucial. In this study, these inconsistent characteristics are analyzed by establishing an electrothermal model and conducting experiments based on an 8-Ah pouch-type ternary Li-ion battery with contraposition tabs. Regarding the characteristic of inhomogeneous temperature distribution, the analysis results demonstrate that it is primarily attributable to the uneven heat generation within the battery system and the effects of the two tabs. For the evolution of the highest temperature position, this study compares the maximum temperature rise of the positive tab and main battery body. The results illustrate that the operating temperature has a greater impact on the maximum temperature rise of the main battery body since its resistance strongly depends on the operating temperature compared to the positive and negative tabs. In addition, the electrothermal model is expected to be employed for the battery thermal management system (BTMS) to mitigate the battery temperature inconsistency.
Autonomous Parking Space Detection for Electric Vehicles Based on Improved YOLOV5-OBB Algorithm
Authors: Chen Zhaoyan , Wang Xiaolan , Zhang Weiwei , Yao Guodong , Li Dongdong , Zeng Li
Published: October 2023

Currently, in the process of autonomous parking, the algorithm detection accuracy and rate of parking spaces are low due to the diversity of parking scenes, changes in lighting conditions, and other unfavorable factors. An improved algorithm based on YOLOv5-OBB is proposed to reduce the computational effort of the model and increase the speed of model detection. Firstly, the backbone module is optimized, the Focus module and SSP (Selective Spatial Perception) module are replaced with the general convolution and SSPF (Selective Search Proposals Fusion) modules, and the GELU activation function is introduced to reduce the number of model parameters and enhance model learning. Secondly, the RFB (Receptive Field Block) module is added to fuse different feature modules and increase the perceptual field to optimize the small target detection. After that, the CA (coordinate attention) mechanism is introduced to enhance the feature representation capability. Finally, the post-processing is optimized using spatial location correlation to improve the accuracy of the vehicle position and bank angle detection. The implementation results show that by using the improved method proposed in this paper, the FPS of the model is improved by 2.87, algorithm size is reduced by 1 M, and the mAP is improved by 8.4% on the homemade dataset compared with the original algorithm. The improved model meets the requirements of perceived accuracy and speed of parking spaces in autonomous parking.
FUNCTIONAL APPROACH IN THE CONDITIONS OF RECONSTRUCTION PLANNING ELEMENTS OF THE RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE CITY HISTORICAL CENTER
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, ENIN A.E. , ZAPLAVNAYA A.E. ,   Voronezh State Technical University
Published: October 2023

In modern large cities with the status or signs of the historical, there are global transformations in the architectural and planning structure, which are both positive and negative in relation to the functional organization of the living environment. The modern problems of the historical urban center, which are the cause or consequence of reconstructive interventions, are due to both the specifics of its functional and planning organization and the current socio-economic demand. Despite this, the technical possibilities of modernizing the quantitative parameters of the urban environment of the historical center are quite specific: historical buildings, expressed in low-rise and medium-rise buildings, are subject to preservation, and incorrectly selected methods and techniques for implementing this process currently lead not only to problems of visual and identification perception of the historical and cultural urban environment, but also to functional, to which this article is devoted. The research methods are determined by the principles of the demoecological approach, according to which the living environment is a complex self-sufficient system. The research is based on a systematic approach: the principles of functional transformation of the residential environment in the architectural and planning structure of the modern historical city center are revealed.The revealed typology of functionally indeterminate structural planning elements of the residential environment, which are currently sites for correct functional modernization, is analyzed by a systematic approach, as a result of which the term "functional regulation" and "functional integration" was defined.
USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AT THE FACILITY CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, ALEKSANIN A.V.
Published: October 2023

On construction sites, many human functions are performed by construction machines and mechanisms, manual labor is minimized. Robotic complexes are gradually being introduced, which over the course of several decades can completely exclude the participation of a worker in many processes at the level of the performer. Approaches to the design and management of the implementation of investment and construction projects are changing - the number of companies that introduce high-tech digital solutions into their activities, requiring personnel capable of effectively performing work in a digital information environment at each stage of the building's life cycle, is increasing. Within the framework of this study, the issue of creating and implementing a digital information model of an object at the construction stage is considered. The structure of the model is given and its influence on the organizational and technological design within the framework of the construction project is described. The factors constraining the introduction of information modeling technologies at the stages of construction of a capital construction object are indicated.
PARAMETERIZATION OF REQUIREMENTS OF CORROSION PROTECTABILITY OF STRUCTURAL STEEL
Authors:   Priazovsky State Technical University, KOROLOV V.P. , KUSHCHENKO I.V. ,   Priazovsky State Technical University, BOCHAROVA E.A. ,   Priazovsky State Technical University
Published: October 2023

Basic provisions are presented of scientific and methodological substantiation of corrosion protectability of steel structures and installations. Priorities have been analyzed of improving existing codes, taking into account scientific achievements and international standards. Tasks have been formulated for increasing competitiveness and resource saving through the use of effective measures of corrosion protection. The study is aimed at parameterization of a mechanism of technical regulation of quality, reliability and safety, approval and application of materials and technologies, procedures, services in the field of corrosion protection at the request of a digital consumer. A process-oriented methodology is proposed aimed at a continuous improvement of development cycles and models of the rational choice of systems of corrosion protection of structures. With that, corrosion protection of structural steel is defined by the level of reliability and required parameters of technical and economic protection. The management structure is defined by the provisions of organization standard in accordance with ISO 12944, SP 28.1330.2017 with regard to corrosion protection of structural steel. The levels have been analyzed of reliability of structures and their protective coatings, with account for the procedures for assessing compliance of quality, monitoring and risk diagnostics based on the limit states method. Parameter compliance is affirmed based on five DMAIC principles related to determination, measurement, analysis, improvement and monitoring technical condition of structures. Examples are presented of statistical estimation of representative samples of corrosion impacts, characteristic values of corrosion resistance and durability of steel structures and their protective coatings. Proposed are methods for functional and time redundancy of corrosion protection assurance. Load testswere carried outof models of steel structures with corrosion damage. The obtained results reveal uncertainty of parameters of corrosion state and allow assessing structural steel survivability with account for acceptable risk. Suggestions for parametric design are recommended for digital transformation of the system of technical and economic regulators of corrosion protectability.
Competence-based approach to development personnel potential of the higher educational institution
Authors: Pirogova E. V.
Published: October 2023

The article characterizes the influence of human resources on the efficiency of the functioning of a higher educational institution in the conditions of competition in the market of educational services. The content of the personnel potential of the university is substantiated as a set of personal qualities and professional competencies that determine the effectiveness of the professional activity of a university teacher; the structure of the professional competence of a university teacher is considered from the positions of various authors and the author’s model of the competence approach to the development of the personnel potential of the university is presented.
Z-Scheme Heterojunction g-C
3
N
5
/Bi
5
O
7
I High-Efficiency Mercury Removal Photocatalyst
Authors: Chu Weiqun , Qiao Zhanwei , Wu Jiang , Zhu Zhengrong , Gong Chen , Huang Haojie , He Ping , Cui Tianhui , Chen Sheng , Lin Mao
Published: October 2023

Photocatalysis technology is an effective means to address the issue of energy and environmental pollution. In this paper, defect engineering is introduced to couple g-C
3
N
5
, which further improves the photocatalytic oxidation of mercury by Bi
5
O
7
I. The experimental results show that defect engineering can not only regulate superoxide radicals as intermediates but also act as active sites to accelerate carrier transport, thereby increasing the photocatalytic mercury removal efficiency to 96.2%. The chemical reaction rate of g-C
3
N
5
/Bi
5
O
7
I heterojunction photocatalyst was 8.01 times that of pure g-C
3
N
5
and 4.58 times that of pure Bi
5
O
7
I. Through XPS and active radical capture test experiments, it was found that ·O
2
−
, h
+
, and ·OH play a major role in mercury removal experiments. Finally, a collaborative strategy of vacancy structure and built-in electric field is proposed, which improves the charge transport efficiency of g-C
3
N
5
/Bi
5
O
7
I Z-scheme heterojunction interface. Our work provides theoretical support for the application of g-C
3
N
5
and its composites in the field of flue gas mercury removal.
Constructing Br-Doped Li
10
SnP
2
S
12
-Based All-Solid-State Batteries with Superior Performances
Authors: Luo Qiyue , Ming Liang , Zhang Dong , Wei Chaochao , Wu Zhongkai , Jiang Ziling , Liu Chen , Liu Shiyu , Cao Kecheng , Zhang Long , Yu Chuang , Cheng Shijie
Published: October 2023

Ionic conductivity and electro/chemical compatibility of Li
10
SnP
2
S
12
electrolytes play crucial roles in achieving superior electrochemical performances of the corresponding solid-state batteries. However, the relatively low Li-ion conductivity and poor stability of Li
10
SnP
2
S
12
toward high-voltage layered oxide cathodes limit its applications. Here, a Br-substituted strategy has been applied to promote Li-ion conductivity. The optimal composition of Li
9.9
SnP
2
S
11.9
Br
0.1
delivers high conductivity up to 6.0 mS cm
−1
.
7
Li static spin-lattice relaxation (
T
1
) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and density functional theory simulation are combined to unravel the improvement of Li-ion diffusion mechanism for the modified electrolytes. To mitigate the interfacial stability between the Li
9.9
SnP
2
S
11.9
Br
0.1
electrolyte and the bare LiNi
0.7
Co
0.1
Mn
0.2
O
2
cathode, introducing Li
2
ZrO
3
coating layer and Li
3
InCl
6
isolating layer strategies has been employed to fabricate all-solid-state lithium batteries with excellent electrochemical performances. The Li
3
InCl
6
-LiNi
0.7
Co
0.1
Mn
0.2
O
2
/Li
3
InCl
6
/Li
9.9
SnP
2
S
11.9
Br
0.1
/Li-In battery delivers much higher discharge capacities and fast capacity degradations at different charge/discharge C rates, while the Li
2
ZrO
3
@LiNi
0.7
Co
0.1
Mn
0.2
O
2
/Li
9.9
SnP
2
S
11.9
Br
0.1
/Li-In battery shows slightly lower discharge capacities at the same C rates and superior cycling performances. Multiple characterization methods are conducted to reveal the differences of battery performance. The poor electrochemical performance of the latter battery configuration is associated with the interfacial instability between the Li
3
InCl
6
electrolyte and the Li
9.9
SnP
2
S
11.9
Br
0.1
electrolyte. This work offers an effective strategy to constructing Li
10
SnP
2
S
12
-based all-solid-state lithium batteries with high capacities and superior cyclabilities.
AZGP1P2/UBA1/RBM15 Cascade Mediates the Fate Determinations of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells and Promotes Therapeutic Effect of Docetaxel in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer via TPM1 m6A Modification
Authors: Wang Hong , Liu Ji , Zhu Xiaojun , Yang Bin , He Zuping , Yao Xudong
Published: October 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prostate cancer stem cell (PCSC) model provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of PCa and its therapeutic response. However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of specific genes in mediating fate decisions of PCSCs and carcinogenesis of PCa remain to be elusive. In this study, we have explored the expression, function, and mechanism of AZGP1P2, a pseudogene of AZGP1, in regulating the stemness and apoptosis of PCSCs and treatment resistance of docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We revealed that AZGP1P2 was downregulated in CRPC cell lines and PCSCs, while it was positively associated with progression-free interval. Upregulation of the AZGP1P2 enhanced the sensitivity of docetaxel treatment in CRPCs via inhibiting their stemness. RNA pull-down associated with mass spectrometry analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that AZGP1P2 could bind to UBA1 and RBM15 as a “writer” of methyltransferase to form a compound. UBA1, an E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, contributed to RBM15 protein degradation via ubiquitination modification. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation assay displayed that RBM15 controlled the mRNA decay of TPM1 in m6A methylation. Furthermore, a xenograft mouse model and patient-derived organoids showed that the therapeutic effect of docetaxel in CRPC was increased by AZGP1P2 in vivo. Collectively, these results imply that AZGP1P2 mediates the stemness and apoptosis of PCSCs and promotes docetaxel therapeutic effect by suppressing tumor growth and metastasis via UBA1/RBM15-mediated TPM1 mRNA decay in CRPC.
Unsupervised Interpolation Recovery Method for Spectrum Anomaly Detection and Localization
Authors: Huang Yishi , Yuan Shuai , Liu Naijin , Li Qing , Liang Wenyu , Liu Lei
Published: October 2023

With the growing efficiency of the use of unlicensed spectrum, the challenge of ensuring spectrum security has become increasingly daunting. Spectrum managers aim to accurately and efficiently detect and recognize anomaly behaviors in the spectrum. In this study, we propose a novel framework for spectrum anomaly detection and localization by spectrum interpolation recovery. Spectrum interpolation recovery refers to the recovery of the rest of the spectrum distribution based on a part of the spectrum distribution, which is achieved through a masked autoencoder (MAE) model with a core of multi-head self-attention (MHSA) mechanism. The spectrum interpolation recovery method restores the region where the masked abnormal signals are present, yielding anomaly-free results, with the difference between the restored and the masked representing the anomaly signals. The proposed method has been demonstrated to effectively reduce model-induced over-recovery of anomalous signals and dilute large-scale generation errors caused by anomalies, thereby improving the detection and localization performance of anomaly signals, and improving the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the area under the precision–recall curve (AUPRC) by 0.0382 (3.68%) and 0.1992 (68.90%), respectively. On a designed dataset containing 3 variables of interference-to-signal ratio (ISR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and anomaly type, the total recall of anomaly detection and localization at a 5% false alarm rate reached 0.8799 and 0.5536, respectively. Furthermore, a comparative study among different methods demonstrates the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method.
Numerical Study of Pipeline Distribution Effect on the Performance of Pasty Propellant Rocket Motor
Authors: Hu Renjie , Wang Weizong
Published: October 2023

This paper reports the numerical research on PPRM (pasty propellant rocket motor) through computational fluid dynamics simulation along with pipeline design comparison based on simulation results. The structure of PPRM includes feed pipelines, and the propellant is distributed in a cone shape when burnt steadily in the combustion chamber. As a result, the internal flow field presents strong 3-dimensional characteristics, which may lead to the flow instability. To accurately understand the combustion flow field and flow instability in the PPRM, a numerical simulation of the combustion chamber considering propellant pyrolysis and chemical reaction, coupled with the feed system module, is employed in the research. The effect of pipeline distribution, including the pipeline location and the nonuniformity of pipeline diameter on the internal combustion flow characteristics as well as the motor thrust, was investigated. The results show that the vortex caused by the special conical shape of the burning surface leads to pressure oscillations. By adjusting the pipeline location and the nonuniformity of pipeline diameter, the distribution of vortex varies dramatically, which leads to different oscillation frequencies and amplitude. Under some pipeline distribution schemes, there is almost no large vortex in the rocket motor, which greatly eliminates the flow acoustic coupling oscillation of the motor. The oscillation amplitude decreases from about 5.7% to less than 0.1%. The results will help guide the design of the high-performance feed system and combustion chamber of PPRM.
Representation of mystical reality in the mythological narrative
Authors: Bolshakova Natalia V. , Muratova Maya I.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the category of reality in the communicative behaviour of the narrator in the mythological narrative. The problem is investigated on the material of more than 800 texts of mythological stories from the collection of the folklore and ethnographic archive of Pskov State University. Two levels of indicators were identified by a continuous sampling of narrative means of representing reality. The dominant marker of the zone of reality of the first level was the word truth with its lexico-semantic, modal and syntactic intensifiers, which create a semantic context for the nuclear name. The second level of indicators of event reality is expressed by means of assurance formulas: honestly, by God, and the use of alternative type phrases: (either) true or false, (either) truth or not. The “zero” indicator of the reality of an irrational event in the narrator’s discourse can be explained both by the emotional and psychological mood of the narrator and by the communicative behaviour of the listener (collector of folklore). Conclusions on the dominance of lexemes as representatives of the zone of reality have been verified using electronic means.
Sound distortions of phraseological units in modern Russian speech
Authors: Gareeva Liliya M.
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the sound distortions of phraseological units in modern Russian speech and the possible causes of their occurrence. Errors in the use of idioms are due to different reasons and are of a different nature. This is the result of ignorance of their meaning and composition as well as the lack of consideration of the expressive and stylistic properties of idioms, their scope and the appropriateness of their use in a speech context. As a result of the analysis of the card index materials, two predominant types of errors in the use of idioms were identified. Further, a detailed description of the process of phrasal phraseological units the mutation of which, occurs as a result of the wrong aural perception of phraseological units (mondegrееns) is given, the examples of the units which have undergone phonetic transformation in the modern Russian language are given. The term ‟mondegrееn”, its origin and application to the phraseological units are considered. This article touches upon the problem of the impact of the Internet on the mass spread of errors in the use of stable units already existing in the language. Examples of phraseological transformations in terms of form and content that are not erroneous are given. A conclusion about the necessity of preserving the integrity and reproducibility of phraseological units and their significance for the preservation of the lexical-phraseological fund of the Russian language is made.
Features of the verbalisation of the idea about the importance of the words’ balance in Russian proverbs against the background of Chinese ones
Authors: Xu Yao , Seliverstova Elena I.
Published: October 2023

All language users recognize the undeniable value of speech, which is widely reflected in the expression of national ancestry – proverbs and sayings. By briefly and expressively expressing their thoughts on different aspects, the speakers express various predicates related to these activities. In Russian, paremias that emphasise the importance of a reasonable approach to speech make up a large group. When analysing proverbs with the component “word”, where it most often appears in the meaning of “speech (a fragment of speech, phrase, remark)”, it is possible to identify stereotypical ideas about the importance of the manifestation of seriousness, discretion by the subject of speech, about a positive assessment of balanced, leisurely, thoughtful, concise speech, about the need to follow some rules for communication – such as respectful attitude towards the interlocutor, etc. Using the methods of semantics, language culture, and comparative analysis of 404 Russian paremias and 360 Chinese paremias, we can see universal attitudes that coincide among Russians and Chinese, as well as nationally coloured ideas expressed in paremics of only one of the languages. Russian and Chinese linguocultures reveal a lot of similar attitudes (the importance of the case, when comparing to the word; the impossibility of taking back what was said; the need to be careful when choosing words, etc.). However, the ways of their verbalisation may differ between Russians and Chinese. Chinese proverbs emphasise the importance of paying more attention to interlocutors.
The Far East in Russian foreign policy according to “Memoirs” by S.Yu. Witte
Authors: Maiorova Natalya S. , Maiorov Artem Ed.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of “Memoirs” by S.Yu. Witte in the context of the study of the Far Eastern policy of the Russian Empire and contradictions between Russia and Japan, which had been growing only to cause the war of 1904-1905. S.Yu. Witte was a member of the political elite of Russia in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries and, as Minister of Finance and Chairman of the Committee of Ministers, he was involved in critical decisions on domestic and foreign policy matters. Witte's memoirs reflected his meetings with the Russian and German emperors, Japanese and Chinese statesmen, members of the imperial family, and ministers for the Russian Far East. This information is of great value, containing numerous details, lengthy descriptions and personal observations related to the penetration of Russia into China and the acquisition of new bases for the Pacific Navy. The reverse side of the memoirs is their subjectivity and the author's desire in a special way to emphasise his own historical correctness, despite the erroneous opinions and short-sightedness of Emperor Nicholas II and his ministers. S.Yu. Witte repeatedly reproached the political elite for inconsistency in actions, unwillingness to comply with the obligations assumed, and underestimation of the enemy. All these miscalculations had catastrophic consequences in the form of Russia's defeat by the Japanese and the attempted Revolution of 1905-1907.
Specifics of expressing evaluation in motivated questions of the journalist (on the material of modern British interviews)
Authors: Shcherbatykh Yelena Yu.
Published: October 2023

The article describes the peculiarities of expressing evaluation in motivated questions of the journalist on the material of the interviews from the British newspaper “The Observer”. The term “motivated question” is used to denote an utterance where the question-part is preceded by an affirmative part containing facts or evaluation. Evaluation expression in the assertive part is analysed in the context of communicative strategies of the journalist. One of the strategies is the strategy of maintaining neutrality which on the language level is realised in three ways. Firstly, the journalist can refer to the evaluation expressed by the interviewee or another person; secondly, the passive verb-form can be used; thirdly, the interviewer can use the formal subject “there”. However, if in the first case the journalist emphasises the subjective character of the expressed evaluation, the latter techniques let the journalist present the situation as an objective fact or a widespread opinion. Expressing its personal evaluation, the journalist tends to weaken intensity of the said, thus making the utterance sound less categorical in order to optimise the process of communication with the immediate interlocutor.
“Small-scale aviation”: children’s technical working in the USSR in the 1920s
Authors: Ulyanova Svetlana B. , Fisheva Anastasiya A.
Published: October 2023

In the 1920s, the development of youth’s technical creativity became one of the important tasks undertaken by the Soviet authorities. This period is featured by numerous experiments diligently conducted by the Soviet government having its aim to set up a new world. Innovations affected, among the other things, the sphere of education and leisure. The reasons resulted in establishing of the children's technical stations network are discussed in this paper. Their activity is analysed having in mind the necessity to introduce young technicians to the heroic forms of socialist creating, one of which included the aviation. Enormous interest in the air force caused an influx of children and adolescents into aircraft modelling clubs. The authors consider the goals, objectives, organisational structure of children's technical stations and circles, evaluate their role in the development of Soviet aviation. The study led authors to the conclusion that children's technical stations and aircraft modelling clubs laid foundations to the technical literacy in general and acted as a “social lift” due to the interrelation of aircraft modelling and gliding sports with the professional pilots’ training system for the Air Force, and the USSR Civil Air Fleet.
Early French detective fiction: self-identification paths
Authors: Chekalov Kirill A.
Published: October 2023

This article focuses on the early period of French detective fiction (1860s), when the “roman policier” notion has not yet been formulated (In use was the notions “courtroom novel”, i.e. “roman judiciaire”). Émile Gaboriau acted as the founder of this genre through his series of novels about Monsieur Lecoq [starting with the novel – “The Lerouge Case” (“L’Affaire Lerouge”, 1865)]. His novels incorporate the criminal narrative features and social, psychological, historical, and political constructs. The author of the article analyses little-known literary works of the similar theme, written in the same period and far less known, such as the novels: “The Drama of the Rue de la Paix» (“Le Drame de la Rue de la Paix”) by Louis Marc Adolphe Belot and “The Crime Factory!” (“La Fabrique de crimes!”) by Paul Henri Corentin Féval (both written in 1866), as well as the stories: “The Black Pearl” (“La Perle noire”) by Victorien Sardou, 1861 and “The Killer of Albertine Renouf” (“Le Meurtrier d’Albertine Renouf. Les Derniers jours de Don Juan”) by Henri Laurent Rivière, 1865. All of them are indicative of the increased interest in criminal plots among the readership of the 1860s and, in a varying degree, have laid the basis for the new genre paradigmatics (crime, investigation process, investigating agency, interaction between a professional detective and an amateur one, wrong and right crime versions, etc.). The author of the article reach a conclusion that the activation of the description by the authors of the plot of Edgar Allan Poe’s canonical short story “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” is combined with solely “feuilletonistic” narrative resources (including melodramatic ones) were extensively used in the detective fiction, and the extremes of fashion for criminal plots were exposed to parody in Belot and Féval’s works.
ELEKTRONİK SÖZLEŞMELERİN KURULMASI, HÜKÜM VE SONUÇ DOĞURMASI
Authors: YÜCER AKTÜRK İpek
Published: October 2023

Elektronik sözleşmeler, teknolojinin ilerlemesi, globalleşme ve özellikle tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan pandemi koşulları sonucunda yaşamımızın bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Özellikle, ticari ilişkiler ve tüketici işlemlerinde geniş bir uygulama alanına sahip olan elektronik sözleşmelerin, kurulması ve hüküm ve sonuç doğurmasının Türk Borçlar Kanunu hükümleri kapsamında incelenmesi büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Nitekim, ancak bu suretle elektronik sözleşmelerin, borç ilişkisi doğuran diğer sözleşmelerden farklı bir tür olarak anılması ve adetâ yeni bir isimli sözleşme gibi algılanmasının önüne geçilebilir. Öte yandan, sıklıkla internet yoluyla ileri sürülen irade beyanlarının konusunu oluşturan elektronik sözleşmelerin, hangi andan itibaren kurulduğu ve hüküm ve sonuç doğurduğunun tespiti de önem arz eder. Burada özellikle elektronik ortamda oluşturulan ve sözleşmeyi kurmaya yönelik olan iradelerin, hukuki niteliği de değerlendirilmeye muhtaçtır. Zira, bizzat bir bilgisayar programı tarafından otomatik olarak oluşturulan bir metnin Türk Borçlar Kanunu kapsamında irade beyanı niteliğinde olup olmadığı doktrinde çeşitli görüşlerin ileri sürülmesine neden olmuştur. Günümüzde elektronik sözleşmelerin kurulmasına yönelik olarak ileri sürülen irade beyanları bakımından sıklıkla başvurulan bu yolun hukuki sonuçları da incelemeye değerdir.
أثر تقنية " الهلولجرام" في إحياء الفراغات الداخلية للمباني الاثرية "المتاحف أُنموذجاً"
Authors: Azali Mohammad , Tabbalat Shereen , Kakani Anan
Published: October 2023

الأهداف: بيان أثر ودور التقنيات الرقمية الضوئية داخل الفراغات الداخلية للمباني الأثرية التي تم إعادة استخدامها كمتاحف كتقنية "الهلوجرام" Hologram، وتوجيه المصممين لهذه التقنية بخاصة المباني التاريخية المراد تحويلها إلى متاحث أثرية باستخدام هذه التقنية. فهذه التقنية تساعد في تكوين صورة افتراضية لبعض الفراغات المتهدمة أو التالفة للفراغ الداخلي وتصور شكل البناء كما كان في سابق عهده.
المنهجية: تم اتباع النّهج الوصفي لتحليل بعض الدراسات والمراجع والمشاريع الحقيقية التي خاضت تجارب في استخدام تقنية "الهولوجرام"، ومن ثم استنتاج أثر وأهمية استخدام هذه التقنية في المباني الأثرية وخاصة تلك التي يراد تحويلها إلى متاحف.
النتائج: نتج عن هذا البحث أن استخدام تقنية "الهولوجرام" تساعد بشكل كبير على رؤية الفراغات الداخلية ولتفاصيلها التاريخية القيمة بشكل كامل يعوض المفقود منها والتالف، بالإضافة إلى ذلك فإنها تخلق أشكالا جديدة مبتكرة على الواقع المحسوس الحقيقي. وهذه التقنية أصبحت أُسلوب يتبعه بعض المصممين في مثل هذا النوع من المباني.
الخلاصة: خلص البحث إلى الأثر والدور الايجابيين لتقنية "الهولوجرام" في إحياء وتطوير الفراغات الداخلية لهذه المباني مستندا على أمثلة حية كأُنموذج تطبيقي لعدة متاحف أثرية تقوم بعرض النقوش المفقودة منها وأبرازها ضوئيا، وتشجيع المصممين الداخليين على استخدام هذه التقنية في مثل المتاحث الأثرية.
التحليل المكاني والزماني للحالات الإسعافية في مدينة الرياض خلال الفترة 2016 – 2020
Authors: Qoradi Mofareh D. , Alotaibi Wadha H.
Published: October 2023

الأهداف: تتناول هذه الدراسة الخصائص المكانية والزمانية للحالات الإسعافية في مدينة الرياض للفترة (2016-2020)، وتحديد أنماط انتشار الحالات الإسعافية مكانيًا وزمنياً، وتحليل العلاقة بين حدوث الحالات الإسعافية والعوامل المسببة لها، وتحديد مناطق خطر الحالات الإسعافية باستخدام أهم عوامل الخطر لحدوث الحالات.
المنهجية : اعتمدت الدراسة على تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية، والتحليل الاحصائي المكاني من خلال تطبيق مجموعة من الأدوات التحليلية المكانية كتحليل مؤشر موران ، الانحدار الجغرافي الموزون لتحليل العوامل المسببة للحالات الاسعافية في المدينة ، تحليل كيرنل لتحديد كثافة الحالات وتركزها.
النتائج : توصلت الدراسة أن الحالات الإسعافية توزعت مكانياً في الغالب داخل الاستخدام السكني، الأراضي البيضاء، الاستخدام التجاري، الاستخدام الحكومي، وعلى الطرق الأساسية في المدينة. واتجه توزيعها بين اتجاهي الشمال الشرقي والجنوب الغربي، بالإضافة إلى ذلك تبين أن هناك علاقة قوية بين زيادة الحالات الإسعافية والكثافة السكانية، وبحسب مؤشر موران (Moran’s I) ظهرت الحالات الإسعافية بنمطٍ متجمعٍ ذا دلالة إحصائية، وحدد تحليل الكثافة الأحياء الشمالية الشرقية والوسطى والأحياء الجنوبية الغربية على أنها مناطق ذات كثافة عالية من حيث تركز الحالات الإسعافية فيها وتناقصت تدريجياً في الأطراف. في الإطار الزمني تبين من إجمالي 633125 حالة إسعافية تم تحليلها أن هذه الحالات سجلت أعلى معدل أثناء المساء وأثناء ساعات الذروة (4:00م-11:59م) ونهاية الأسبوع وخلال فصلي الربيع والخريف، كما تبين ضعف علاقة الارتباط بين ارتفاع متوسط درجة الحرارة وهطول الأمطار على زيادة معدلات الحالات الإسعافية.
التوصيات: بناء نظام دعم قرار مكاني للمدينة بالاعتماد على تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية، لإدارة الحالات الاسعافية والتقليل منها، وتوجيه عربات الإسعاف في حالة الحوادث، ومعالجة بؤر تركز الحالات وتكرارها في المدينة
Analysis of the Assessment Results of Institutional Excellence in Jordan
Authors: Alkhawaldeh Khleef Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Objectives: This research aims to analyze the results of the assessment of excellence in Jordan, including the assessment of institutional excellence conducted by the assessors of excellence, customer satisfaction, and mystery shopping.
Methods: Through statistical analysis of assessment results, the 104 participating institutions were grouped into three categories: "above average," "average," and "below average." An institution is labeled "above average" if its assessment result surpasses the overall average by more than one standard deviation; it's considered "average" if its assessment result deviates from the overall average by up to one standard deviation; and it's deemed "below average" if its assessment result falls short of the overall average by more than one standard deviation.
Results: The results of institutional excellence are significantly lower than those of customer satisfaction and mystery shopping. Around 70% of institutions rated “average” in the three tools of excellence assessment. It was found that there are statistically significant differences between the assessment results of institutional excellence, customer satisfaction and mystery shopping. Results of correlation analysis indicate there is no correlation between the results of institutional excellence and customer satisfaction, and between the results of customer satisfaction and mystery shopping. Whereas, there is a statistically significant correlation between the results of institutional excellence and mystery shopping.
Conclusions: The study recommended that assessment approaches and processes should focus on reliable metrics and indicators to distinguish between different levels of performance. An understanding of the key business factors of institutions by excellence assessors is essential to the quality of assessment.