bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HeadwaterstreamSNevada: Data on riparian vegetation and water parameters of headwater streams in Sierra Nevada, Spain
Authors: Salinas‐Bonillo María J. , Rodríguez‐Rodríguez Alba , López‐Carrique Enrique , Cabello Javier , Casas J. Jesús
Published: February 2023

Providing historical data on riparian plant biodiversity and physico‐chemical parameters of stream water in Mediterranean mountains helps to assess the effects of climate change and other human stressors on these sensitive and critical ecosystems. This database collects data from the main natural headwater streams of the Sierra Nevada (southeastern Spain), a high mountain (up to 3479 m above sea level [m asl]) recognized as a biodiversity super hotspot in the Mediterranean basin. On this mountain, rivers and landscapes depend on snowmelt water, representing an excellent scenario for evaluating global change's impacts. This dataset covers first‐ to third‐order headwater streams at 41 sites from 832 to 1997 m asl, collected from December 2006 to July 2007. Our goal is to supply information on the vegetation associated with streambanks, the essential physico‐chemical parameters of stream water, and the physiographic features of the subwatersheds. Riparian vegetation data correspond to six plots sampled at each site, including total canopy, individual number, height and DBH (diameter at breast height) in woody species, and cover percentage for herbs. Physico‐chemical parameters were measured in situ (electric conductivity, pH, dissolved O2 concentration, stream discharge) and determined in the laboratory (alkalinity, soluble reactive phosphate‐phosphorus [SRP], total phosphorus [TP], nitrate‐nitrogen [–N], ammonium‐nitrogen [–N], total nitrogen [TN]). Watershed physiographic variables comprise drainage area, minimum altitude, maximum altitude, mean slope, orientation, stream order, stream length, and land cover surface percentage. We recorded 197 plant taxa (67 species, 28 subspecies, and 2 hybrids), representing 8.4% of the Sierra Nevada vascular flora. Due to the botanical nomenclature used, the database can be linked to FloraSNevada database, contributing to Sierra Nevada (Spain) as a laboratory of global processes. This data set can be freely used for non‐commercial purposes. Users of these data should cite this data paper in any publications resulting from its use.
Polyaniline–Cobalt Hexacyanoferrate Composites as High‐Performance Cathodes for Zn‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor
Authors: Liu Yiyang , Hu Xueying , He Hongzhen , Li Jianwei , Dong Haobo , Shearing Paul R. , He Guanjie , Brett Dan J. L.
Published: February 2023

Zn‐based hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) have received increasing attention in recent research, due to their high electrochemical performance and low cost. Herein, a composite cathode is developed based on polyaniline (PANI) and cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF), exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance. The results showed that PANI is coated on CoHCF, thereby enhancing the electrical conductivity and Zn2+ transport kinetics. As a result, the as‐prepared materials demonstrate remarkable specific capacitance (741.7 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1), good cycling durability (86.15% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles at 10 A g−1), high peak energy density (312 Wh kg−1 at 500 W kg−1), and superior power density (75 294 W kg−1 at 25 Wh kg−1). The excellent electrochemical performance confirms that PANI–CoHCF composites are promising cathode candidates for ZHSCs in practical applications.
Drying Process of Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Battery Components—Investigation on Adhesion Strength and Microstructural Changes
Authors: Singer Célestine , Kopp Lorenz , Aruqaj Milot , Daub Rüdiger
Published: February 2023

Sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries are a promising future cell concept to enhance energy densities and create an advantage in safety aspects in comparison to conventional lithium–ion batteries. To guarantee a high performance of the cells, a pronounced interfacial contact between the single components and a homogeneous microstructure is essential to reduce ionic resistances and enhance mechanical stability. To produce sheets on a large scale, established processes such as mixing, coating, drying, and calendering can be applied. The drying process is the most energy consuming and cost‐intensive process with major influence on the component's microstructure and mechanical properties. As the latter is of particular importance for industry‐relevant manufacturing, this research study focuses on the influence of process and product parameters on prevailing microstructural phenomena and adhesion strength of sulfidic composite cathodes and separators. Results show that the microstructure is changed at temperatures above 50 °C, leading to a significant loss of adhesion strength.
Epidemiological characteristics and real‐world treatment outcomes of hepatitis C among HIV/HCV co‐infected patients in Myanmar: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Swe Thein Min , Johnson Derek. C. , Mar Htay Thet , Thit Phone , Homan Tobias , Chu Cherry May , Mon Phyu Ei , Thwe Thin Thin , Soe Kyi Pyar , Ei Win Le Shwe Sin , Tun Nyan Lynn , Lwin Kyaw Zay , Karakozian Hayk , Aung Khin Sanda , Nguyen Aude , Ciglenecki Iza , Tamayo Natalia , Loarec Anne
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims

In Myanmar, public sector treatment programs for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were nonexistent until June 2017. WHO highlights the importance of simplification of HCV service delivery through task‐shifting among health workers and decentralization to the primary health care level. Between November 2016 and November 2017, a study was conducted to describe the epidemiological data and real‐world outcomes of treating HIV/HCV coinfected patients with generic direct acting antiviral (DAA) based regimens in the three HIV clinics run by nonspecialist medical doctors in Myanmar.

Methods

HCV co‐infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV) from two clinics in Yangon city and one clinic in Dawei city was screened by rapid diagnostic tests and confirmed by testing for viral RNA. Nonspecialist medical doctors prescribed sofosbuvir and daclatasvir based regimens (with or without ribavirin) for 12 or 24 weeks based on the HCV genotype and liver fibrosis status. Sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12) was assessed to determine cure.

Results

About 6.5% (1417/21,777) of PLHIV were co‐infected with HCV. Of 864 patients enrolled in the study, 50.8% reported history of substance use, 27% history of invasive medical procedures and 25.6% history of incarceration. Data on treatment outcomes were collected from 267 patients of which 257 (96.3%) achieved SVR12, 7 (2.6%) failed treatment, 2 (0.7%) died and 1 (0.4%) became loss to follow‐up.

Conclusion

The study results support the integration of hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment with DAA‐based regimens into existing HIV clinics run by nonspecialist medical doctors in a resource‐limited setting. Epidemiological data on HIV/HCV co‐infection call for comprehensive HCV care services among key populations like drug users and prisoners in Yangon and Dawei.
The impact of adjunctive aripiprazole on QT interval: A 12‐week open label study in patients on olanzapine, clozapine or risperidone
Authors: Pilunthanakul Thanita , Ting Mable Quek Jing , Lee Jimmy , Gupta Bhanu
Published: February 2023

Objective

To evaluate the effect of adjunct aripiprazole on QT of patients clinically stabilized on atypical antipsychotics.

Methods

The dataset was from an open‐label 12‐week prospective trial that evaluated adjunctive use of 5 mg/day of aripiprazole on metabolic profile in patients with schizophrenia, or schizoaffective disorder stabilized on olanzapine, clozapine, or risperidone. Bazett‐corrected QT (QTc) was manually calculated from ECGs measured at baseline (before aripiprazole) and week 12, by two doctors blind to the diagnosis and atypical antipsychotic. The change in QTc (∆QTc: baseline QTc–week 12 QTc) and the number of participants in normal, borderline, prolonged, and pathological groups after 12 weeks were analyzed.

Results

Fifty‐five participants, mean age of 39.3 (SD 8.2) years, were analyzed. The ∆QTc after 12 weeks was 5.9 ms (p = 0.143) for the whole sample; 16.4 ms (p = 0.762), 3.7 ms (p = 0.480) and 0.5 ms (p = 0.449), for the clozapine, risperidone and olanzapine group, respectively. There was no significant statistical difference comparing the change in QTc overall, and between atypical antipsychotic groups, when evaluating from baseline to endpoint. However, stratifying the sample based on sex‐dependent QTc cut‐offs showed a 45% decrease in abnormal QTc readings (p = 0.049) after aripiprazole initiation; 20 subjects had abnormal QTc at baseline, while only 11 subjects had abnormal QTc at 12 weeks. 25.5% of participants showed a reduction in at least one QTc severity group, while 65.5% had no change and 9.0% worsened in QTc group, after 12 weeks of adjunct aripiprazole.

Conclusion

Low‐dose adjunctive aripiprazole did not prolong QTc in patients stabilized on either olanzapine, risperidone, or clozapine. More controlled studies evaluating the QTc effect of adjunctive aripiprazole should be done to confirm and support these findings.
Savoring interventions for mothers of young children: Mechanisms linking relational savoring and personal savoring to reflective functioning
Authors: Borelli Jessica L. , Kazmierski Kelly F. M. , Gaskin Gerin E. , Kerr Margaret L. , Smiley Patricia A. , Rasmussen Hannah F.
Published: February 2023

Parenting interventions can improve parenting outcomes, with widespread implications for children's developmental trajectories. Relational savoring (RS) is a brief attachment‐based intervention with high potential for dissemination. Here we examine data from a recent intervention trial in order to isolate the mechanisms by which savoring predicts reflective functioning (RF) at treatment follow‐up through an examination of the content of savoring sessions (specificity, positivity, connectedness, safe haven/secure base, self‐focus, child‐focus). Mothers (N = 147, Mage = 30.84 years, SDage = 5.13; Race: 67.3% White/Caucasian, 12.9% other or declined to state; 10.9% biracial/multiracial, 5.4% Asian, 1.4% Native American/Alaska Native, 2.0% Black/African American; Ethnicity: 41.5% Latina) of toddlers (Mage = 20.96 months, SDage = 2.50; 53.5% female) were randomized to four sessions of RS or personal savoring (PS). Both RS and PS predicted higher RF, but through different means. RS was indirectly associated with higher RF through greater connectedness and specificity of savoring content, while PS was indirectly associated with higher RF through greater self‐focus in savoring content. We discuss the implications of these findings for treatment development and for our understanding of the emotional experience of mothers of toddlers.
Integrating genomics and conservation to safeguard plant diversity
Authors: Schneider Harald
Published: February 2023

Conserving genetic diversity has been increasingly recognized as a keystone towards the protection of biodiversity and natural resources for future generations of humankind. In turn, the ongoing genomic revolution provides us with the technical innovations and expanded knowledge required to establish programs to integrate genomic approaches into programs to protect plant diversity and its genetic diversity. Although obtaining whole genomes of all organisms is still a far‐fetched dream, rapid progress in assembling whole genomes across the plant tree‐of‐life has provided access to reference genomes for many plants but, unfortunately, not all lineages of the plant tree‐of‐life. Addressing the existing taxon gaps is arguably best achieved by focusing on the genomes of plant species that experience high extinction threats or play a crucial role in ecosystem restoration. This review summarizes not only the recent progress in plant genomics with an emphasis on their importance to the conservation of plant diversity but also outlines steps to integrate genomics into plant conservation. Given the complexity of threats driving plant extinction, such as reduced genetic diversity, enhanced genome erosion, and loss of species integrity by hybridization, the integration of genomic research into our conservation efforts is crucial to understand extinction processes and, most importantly, to support the targets set to achieve “Harmony with Nature.”
Molecular characterizations of antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence determinants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infection
Authors: Ghasemian Shirin , Karami‐Zarandi Morteza , Heidari Hamid , Khoshnood Saeed , Kouhsari Ebrahim , Ghafourian Sobhan , Maleki Abbas , Kazemian Hossein
Published: February 2023

Background

Burn injuries result in disruption of the skin barrier against opportunistic infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main infectious agents colonizing burn wounds and making severe infections. Biofilm production and other virulence factors along with antibiotic resistance limit appropriate treatment options and time.

Materials and Methods

Wound samples were collected from hospitalized burn patients. P. aeruginosa isolates and related virulence factors identified by the standard biochemical and molecular methods. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by the disc diffusion method and β‐lactamase genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. To determine the genetic relatedness amongst the isolates, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)‐PCR was also performed.

Results

Forty P. aeruginosa isolates were identified. All of these isolates were biofilm producers. Carbapenem resistance was detected in 40% of the isolates, and blaTEM (37/5%), blaVIM (30%), and blaCTX‐M (20%) were the most common β‐lactamase genes. The highest resistance was detected to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, meropenem, imipenem and piperacillin, and 16 (40%) isolates were resistant to these antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of colistin was lower than 2 μg/mL and no resistance was observed. Isolates were categorized to 17 MDR, 13 mono‐drug resistance, and 10 susceptible isolates. High genetic diversity was also observed among the isolates (28 ERIC types) and most carbapenem‐resistant isolates were classified into four main types.

Conclusion

Antibiotic resistance, particularly carbapenem resistance was considerable among the P. aeruginosa isolates colonizing burn wounds. Combining carbapenem resistance with biofilm production and virulence factors would result in severe and difficult‐to‐treat infections.
Morphological comparison of the sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps between male and female adults of Moechotypa diphysis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: Liu Chang‐Tai , Tong Xin
Published: February 2023

Moechotypa diphysis (Pascoe) is one of the most important pests in agriculture and forestry. However, there are few studies focusing on the external morphology of M. diphysis adults. In this study, the mouthparts of M. diphysis adults were observed by the scanning electron microscope to compare the quantity and distribution of the sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps. The results showed that there are four segments on the maxillary palps and three segments on the labial palps. The length of each segment of the maxillary and labial palps is larger in the female than that in the male. Six types of sensilla are found on the maxillary and labial palps of M. diphysis adults: sensilla basiconca (SB1, 2, 3, and 4), sensilla trichodea (ST1, 2 and 3), sensilla chaetica (SC), sensilla placodea (SP), hair plate (HP) and sensilla coeloconica (SCo). There is no significant difference in the number of most types of sensilla between females and males in the same position. However, the number of ST1 on the maxillary and labial palps is significantly higher in the female than in the male. In addition, the number of most types of sensilla (SB2, ST1, SC, SP, HP, and SCo) on the maxillary palps is significantly higher than on the labial palps both for females and males. Maxillary palps may play a more important role in the activities of M. diphysis adults than the labial palps. Based on this study, we discussed the functions of the sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps of M. diphysis adults to provide the theoretical basis and statistical data for further research on the behavior and the electrophysiology of this devastating forest pest.
Heat hardening of a larval amphibian is dependent on acclimation period and temperature
Authors: Dallas Jason , Warne Robin W.
Published: February 2023

Plasticity in heat tolerance provides ectotherms the ability to reduce overheating risk during thermal extremes. However, the tolerance–plasticity trade‐off hypothesis states that individuals acclimated to warmer environments have a reduced plastic response, including hardening, limiting their ability to further adjust their thermal tolerance. Heat hardening describes the short‐term increase in heat tolerance following a heat shock that remains understudied in larval amphibians. We sought to examine the potential trade‐off between basal heat tolerance and hardening plasticity of a larval amphibian, Lithobates sylvaticus, in response to differing acclimation temperatures and periods. Lab‐reared larvae were exposed to one of two acclimation temperatures (15°C and 25°C) for either 3 or 7 days, at which time heat tolerance was measured as critical thermal maximum (CTmax). A hardening treatment (sub‐critical temperature exposure) was applied 2 h before the CTmax assay for comparison to control groups. We found that heat‐hardening effects were most pronounced in 15°C acclimated larvae, particularly after 7 days of acclimation. By contrast, larvae acclimated to 25°C exhibited only minor hardening responses, while basal heat tolerance was significantly increased as shown by elevated CTmax temperatures. These results are in line with the tolerance–plasticity trade‐off hypothesis. Specifically, while exposure to elevated temperatures induces acclimation in basal heat tolerance, shifts towards upper thermal tolerance limits constrain the capacity for ectotherms to further respond to acute thermal stress.
Tax and governance in rural areas: The implications of inefficient tax collection
Authors: van den Boogaard Vanessa , Beach Rachel
Published: February 2023

While there has been increasing policy attention on broadening tax bases in low‐income countries, taxing citizens in rural areas often leads to neither revenue gains nor stronger accountability outcomes. Through case studies of Sierra Leone and Togo, we demonstrate that revenue collection in rural areas is highly inefficient, leading to little, if any, revenue gains after factoring in collection costs. Accordingly, we question the existing rationales for extending taxation to rural citizens in low‐income countries. Instead, we argue for a rethinking of the role of taxation in rural areas, considering the nature of social contracts and limited fiscal reciprocity.
Nonopioid pharmacological management of acute low back pain: A level I of evidence systematic review
Authors: Baroncini Alice , Maffulli Nicola , Al‐Zyoud Hazim , Bell Andreas , Sevic Aleksandar , Migliorini Filippo
Published: February 2023

Acute low back pain (LBP) imposes a significant socioeconomical burden as it is the condition that, worldwide, cause the most disability. Nonetheless, the literature regarding the best pharmacological management of acute LBP is limited, and the indications available in the literature are conflicting. This work investigates whether the pharmacological management of acute LBP can effectively reduce pain and disability, and aims to identify which drugs show the highest efficacy. This systematic review was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA statement. In September 2022, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were accessed. All the randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of myorelaxants, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and paracetamol for acute LPB were accessed. Only studies that investigated the lumbar spine were included. Only studies reporting on patients with acute LBP with symptom duration of less than 12 weeks were included. Only patients older than 18 years and with nonspecific low back pain were included. Studies that investigated the use of opioids in acute LBP were not considered. Data from 18 studies and 3478 patients were available. Myorelaxants and NSAIDs were effective in reducing pain and disability in acute LBP at approximately one week. The combination of NSAIDs and paracetamol was associated with a greater improvement than the use of NSAIDs alone, but paracetamol alone did not induce any significant improvement. Placebo was not effective in reducing pain. Clinical Significance: Myorelaxants, NSAIDs, and NSAIDs with paracetamol could reduce pain and disability in patients with acute LBP.
Impact of linked color imaging and blue laser imaging on the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in iodine unstained areas
Authors: Tsunoda Masato , Miura Yoshimasa , Osawa Hiroyuki , Nagayama Manabu , Kagaya Yuka , Funayama Yohei , Kobayashi Takuma , Togashi Mami , Hayashi Hiroki , Hiraoka Yuji , Nomoto Yoshie , Iwashita Chihiro , Ino Yuji , Takahashi Haruo , Fukuda Hisashi , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Yamamoto Hironori
Published: February 2023

The pink color sign in iodine unstained areas is useful to differentiate esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from other lesions. However, some ESCCs have obscure color findings which affect the ability of endoscopists to differentiate these lesions and determine the resection line. Using white light imaging (WLI), linked color imaging (LCI) and blue laser imaging (BLI), 40 early ESCCs were retrospectively evaluated using images before and after iodine staining. Visibility scores for ESCC by expert and non‐expert endoscopists were compared using these three modalities and color differences measured for malignant lesions and surrounding mucosa. BLI had the highest score and color difference without iodine staining. Each determination with iodine was much higher than without iodine regardless of the modality. With iodine, ESCC mainly appeared pink, purple and green using WLI, LCI and BLI, respectively and visibility scores determined by non‐experts and experts were significantly higher for LCI (both p < 0.001) and BLI (p = 0.018 and p < 0.001) than for WLI. The score with LCI was significantly higher than with BLI among non‐experts (p = 0.035). With iodine, the color difference using LCI was twice that with WLI and one with BLI was significantly larger than with WLI (p < 0.001). These greater tendencies were found regardless of location, depth of cancer or intensity of pink color using WLI. In conclusion, areas of ESCC unstained by iodine were easily recognized using LCI and BLI. Visibility of these lesions is excellent even by non‐expert endoscopists, suggesting that this method is useful to diagnose ESCC and determine the resection line.
pH‐Responsive and Recyclable Hydrogels for Gas Releasing and Scavenging
Authors: Zhou Xiaozhuang , Kandalai Shruthi , Hossain Farzana , Zhang Nan , Li Huapeng , Zheng Qingfei
Published: February 2023

Gas‐releasing/scavenging hydrogels have wide applications in biomedical and industrial fields. However, the covalently crosslinked nature of these existing materials makes them difficult to degrade or recycle, leading to a waste of raw materials and aggravating environmental pollution. Herein, a new class of pH‐responsive and recyclable hydrogels with versatile gas‐releasing and scavenging properties is reported, utilizing pH changes to reversibly control disassembly and reassembly of the hydrogel network. The initial hydrogels are constructed via the one‐pot radical polymerization and contain dynamic molecular networks based on hydrophobic interactions, which can disassemble when the materials are placed in low pH solutions. The disassembled copolymer chains can reform hydrogels, following supplementation with fresh mineral salts and micelle monomers in neutral solutions. Moreover, the mineral salts used to reform hydrogels can function as gas donors or scavengers, endowing these hydrogels with versatile gas‐releasing and consuming properties. Overall, this research provides a facile and environmentally friendly method to recycle hydrogels with gas‐releasing and gas‐scavenging properties, which have potential applications in diverse fields, including wound healing, wastewater management, and gas therapy for diseases.
Periodic and chaotic dynamics in a map‐based neuron model
Authors: Trujillo Frank Llovera , Signerska‐Rynkowska Justyna , Bartłomiejczyk Piotr
Published: February 2023

Map‐based neuron models are an important tool in modeling neural dynamics and sometimes can be considered as an alternative to usually computationally costlier models based on continuous or hybrid dynamical systems. However, due to their discrete nature, rigorous mathematical analysis might be challenging. We study a discrete model of neuronal dynamics introduced by Chialvo in 1995. In particular, we show that its reduced one‐dimensional version can be treated as an independent simple model of neural activity where the input and the fixed value of the recovery variable are parameters. This one‐dimensional model still displays very rich and varied dynamics. Using the fact that the map whose iterates define voltage dynamics is S‐unimodal, we describe in detail both the periodic behavior and the occurrence of different notions of chaos, indicating corresponding regions in parameter space. Our study is also complemented by a bifurcation analysis of the mentioned dynamical model.
Administration Time and Dietary Patterns Modified the Effect of Inulin on CUMS‐Induced Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Chen Ping , Li Xiaofang , Yu Ying , Zhang Jiaming , Zhang Yingying , Li Chunmei , Li Jing , Li Kaikai
Published: February 2023

Scope

Prebiotics exert anxiolytic and antidepressant effects through the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis in animal models. However, the influence of prebiotic administration time and dietary pattern on stress‐induced anxiety and depression is unclear. In this study, whether administration time can modify the effect of inulin on mental disorders within normal and high‐fat diets are investigated.

Methods and results

Mice subjected to chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) are administered with inulin in the morning (7:30–8:00 am) or evening (7:30–8:00 pm) for 12 weeks. Behavior, intestinal microbiome, cecal short‐chain fatty acids, neuroinflammatory responses, and neurotransmitters are measured. A high‐fat diet aggravated neuroinflammation and is more likely to induce anxiety and depression‐like behavior (p < 0.05). Morning inulin treatment improves the exploratory behavior and sucrose preference better (p < 0.05). Both inulin treatments decrease the neuroinflammatory response (p < 0.05), with a more evident trend for the evening administration. Furthermore, morning administration tends to affect the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and neurotransmitters.

Conclusion

Administration time and dietary patterns seem to modify the effect of inulin on anxiety and depression. These results provide a basis for assessing the interaction of administration time and dietary patterns, providing guidance for the precise regulation of dietary prebiotics in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Establishment of infection prevention and control strategy in nursing managements during surgical operations in COVID‐19 patients based on Delphi method
Authors: Wu Qi , Jiang Hui‐juan , Chen Han‐qian
Published: February 2023

Aim

The aim of this study was to establish an infection prevention and control strategy for nursing managements during surgical operations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients.

Design

A Delphi method.

Methods

Between November 2021 and March 2022, we first formulated a preliminary infection prevention and control strategy based on the literature review and institutional experience. Then, we applied Delphi method and performed expert surveys to reach a final strategy for nursing managements during surgical operations in COVID‐19 patients.

Results

The strategy included seven dimensions with 34 items. The positive coefficients of Delphi experts in both surveys were 100%, indicating a high coordination among experts. The degree of authority and expert coordination coefficient were 0.91 and 0.097–0.213. After the second expert survey, value assignments for importance of each dimension and item were 4.21–5.00 and 4.21–4.76 points, respectively. The coefficients of variation for dimension and item were 0.09–0.19 and 0.05–0.19, respectively.

Patient or Public Contribution

Except the medical experts and research personnel, there was no other patient or public contribution involved in the study.
Quality of work‐life and coping strategies of nurse educators and clinicians in COVID‐19: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Poku Collins Atta , Bayuo Jonathan , Mensah Eva , Bam Victoria
Published: February 2023

The study compared perceived differences in Quality of Work‐Life (QoWL) among nurse clinicians and educators and coping strategies used by nurses.

Design

A cross‐sectional study.

Methods

From August and November 2020, the study measured the QoWL and coping strategies of 360 nurses with two scales using a multi‐stage sampling technique. The data were analysed with descriptive, Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses.

Results

Quality of Work‐Life was generally low among nurses; nurse educators, however, had better QoWL than clinical nurses. Age, salary and nature of work predicted the QoWL of nurses. Work‐family segmentation, seeking assistance, open communication and recreational activities were employed by most nurses to cope with challenges. With the rate of workload and work‐related stress associated with COVID‐19, nurse leaders must advocate for evidence‐based coping strategies to deal with work and family life stress.
Metformin confers sensitisation to syrosingopine in multiple myeloma cells by metabolic blockage and inhibition of protein synthesis
Authors: Van der Vreken Arne , Oudaert Inge , Ates Gamze , Faict Sylvia , Vlummens Philip , Satilmis Hatice , Fan Rong , Maes Anke , Massie Ann , De Veirman Kim , De Bruyne Elke , Vanderkerken Karin , Menu Eline
Published: February 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable haematological malignancy despite substantial advances in therapy. Hypoxic bone marrow induces metabolic rewiring in MM cells contributing to survival and drug resistance. Therefore, targeting metabolic pathways may offer an alternative treatment option. In this study, we repurpose two FDA‐approved drugs, syrosingopine and metformin. Syrosingopine was used as a dual inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporter 1 and 4 (MCT1/4) and metformin as an inhibitor for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Anti‐tumour effects were evaluated for single agents and in combination therapy. Survival and expression data for MCT1/MCT4 were obtained from the Total Therapy 2, Mulligan, and Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation cohorts. Cell death, viability, and proliferation were measured using Annexin V/7‐AAD, CellTiterGlo, and BrdU, respectively. Metabolic effects were assessed using Seahorse Glycolytic Rate assays and LactateGlo assays. Differential protein expression was determined using western blotting, and the SUnSET method was implemented to quantify protein synthesis. Finally, the syngeneic 5T33MMvv model was used for in vivo analysis. High‐level expression of MCT1 and MCT4 both correlated with a significantly lower overall survival of patients. Lactate production as well as MCT1/MCT4 expression were significantly upregulated in hypoxia, confirming the Warburg effect in MM. Dual inhibition of MCT1/4 with syrosingopine resulted in intracellular lactate accumulation and reduced cell viability and proliferation. However, only at higher doses (>10 μm) was syrosingopine able to induce cell death. By contrast, combination treatment of syrosingopine with metformin was highly cytotoxic for MM cell lines and primary patient samples and resulted in a suppression of both glycolysis and OXPHOS. Moreover, pathway analysis revealed an upregulation of the energy sensor p‐AMPKα and more downstream a reduction in protein synthesis. Finally, the combination treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumour burden in vivo. This study proposes an alternative combination treatment for MM and provides insight into intracellular effects. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Introduction to interventional oncology: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper
Authors: Gill Anne E. , Hawkins C. Matthew
Published: February 2023

Interventional radiology (IR) is a valuable resource when caring for pediatric solid tumor patients. As minimally invasive, image‐guided procedures become more relied upon to answer challenging diagnostic questions and provide alternative therapeutic options, IR is poised to become a contributing member of the multidisciplinary oncology team. Improved imaging techniques allow for better visualization during biopsy procedures, transarterial locoregional treatments have the potential to deliver targeted cytotoxic therapy while limiting systemic side effects, and percutaneous thermal ablation can be used to treat chemo‐resistant tumors of various solid organs. Additionally, interventional radiologists are able to perform routine, supportive procedures for oncology patients that include central venous access placement, lumbar punctures, and enteric feeding tube placements with high levels of technical success and excellent safety profiles.
Novel, solvent‐based method for the production of polymer sheets with a superhydrophobic surface
Authors: Vámos Csenge , Rácz Ilona , Bárány Tamás , Menyhárd Alfréd , Marosfői Botond Béla
Published: February 2023

We have introduced a novel solvent‐based method to roughen polymer surfaces and characterized treated polypropylene (PP). The method consists of three main steps: solvent treatment, drying, and peeling. We investigated the effects of process parameters such as time of immersion in the solvent, solvent temperature, and drying temperature on the surface morphology created. The structure formed on the surface is mainly influenced by solvent temperature and drying temperature. We also characterized the wetting behavior of the surfaces. The patterned surfaces exhibit superhydrophobic characteristics with a high water contact angle (CA) (>155 °) and low water contact hysteresis (<5°). Adding an effective nucleating agent to PP makes it possible to generate outstanding CAs (>160°) and tailor spherulite sizes. The method is simple and scalable, therefore this superhydrophobic material is easy to mass‐produce.
Respiratory physiology during NAVA ventilation in neonates born with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia: The “NAVA‐diaph” pilot study
Authors: Dreyfus Lélia , Butin Marine , Plaisant Frank , Claris Olivier , Baudin Florent
Published: February 2023

Background

Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is a ventilatory mode that delivers synchronized ventilation, proportional to the electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi). Although it has been proposed in infants with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), the diaphragmatic defect and the surgical repair could alter the physiology of the diaphragm.

Aim

To evaluate, in a pilot study, the relationship between the respiratory drive (EAdi) and the respiratory effort in neonates with CDH during the postsurgical period under either NAVA ventilation or conventional ventilation (CV).

Methods

This prospective physiological study included eight neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit with a diagnosis of CDH. EAdi, esophageal, gastric, and transdiaphragmatic pressure, as well as clinical parameters, were recorded during NAVA and CV (synchronized intermittent mandatory pressure ventilation) in the postsurgical period.

Results

EAdi was detectable and there was a correlation between the ΔEAdi (maximal − minimal values) and the transdiaphragmatic pressure (r = 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.222; 0.299]). There was no significant difference in terms of clinical or physiological parameters during NAVA compared to CV, including work of breathing.

Conclusion

Respiratory drive and effort were correlated in infants with CDH and therefore NAVA is a suitable proportional mode in this population. EAdi can also be used to monitor the diaphragm for individualized support.
Understanding crop colonization of oilseed rape crops by the cabbage stem flea beetle (Psylliodes chrysocephala L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae))
Authors: Tixeront Margot , Dupuy Fabienne , Cortesero Anne Marie , Hervé Maxime R.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Development of accurate pest monitoring systems is essential for the establishment of integrated pest management strategies. Information about the pest behavior during the colonization process, as well as the sex and reproductive status of the colonizing population often are lacking and hinder their development. The cabbage stem flea beetle (CSFB, Psylliodes chrysocephala) can cause the complete destruction of oilseed rape crops (OSR, Brassica napus). In the present study, the colonization process of OSR fields by the CSFB was studied.

RESULTS

More individuals were caught on the outward facing side of the traps than the side of the trap facing towards the crop at the field border and catches were higher on the trapping units at the center of the field than at its border, suggesting that more beetles were entering than leaving the crop. Catches were higher on lower traps placed near to the crop than on those positioned further from the ground and also were higher during the day than late afternoon and night. The sex‐ratio of individuals caught was skewed towards males and sexual maturity was acquired for females during the experiment. Integration of sampling data with local meteorological data showed that the catches correlated mostly with air temperature and relative humidity.

CONCLUSION

This study provides new information about the dispersion of the CSFB in OSR fields during the colonization process, and highlights correlations between local meteorological factors and activity of the CSFB, and represent a new step towards implementing monitoring strategies against this pest. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Icosapent ethyl for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events
Authors: Chaplin Steve
Published: February 2023

Icosapent ethyl (Vazkepa) is an omega‐3 fatty acid prodrug indicated for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in statin‐treated patients. This article summarises the clinical trial evidence for its efficacy and its place in therapy.
Temperature Evolution of Charge Transport in Chitosan Based Bio‐Resistive Random‐Access Memory Device
Authors: Jetty Prabana , Jammalamadaka Suryanarayana
Published: February 2023

This study reports on the temperature stability of the Ag/chitosan/fluorine‐doped tin oxide (Ag/chitosan/FTO)‐based bio‐resistive random‐access memory (bio‐RRAM) device through current–voltage (I–V) characteristics in the temperature range of 280–360 K. FromI–Vcharacteristics, it is affirmed that in the present device, the unipolar nature of resistive switching is highly stable and reproducible. The device is quite stable at 360 K. Activation energy is higher in the low resistance state (LRS) (≈0.096 eV) compared with the high resistance state (HRS) (≈0.076 eV) due to sufficient thermal energy to cross the barrier at high temperature. From 280 to 360 K, the conduction mechanism in the HRS of the chitosan device is followed by a direct tunneling mechanism, while the Schottky mechanism is dominated in the LRS. Barrier height calculated from Schottky mechanism in an LRS is found to increase with temperature from 0.50 eV (280 K) to 0.66 eV (360 K). Evidenced current values up to 200 pA obtained with a conducting atomic force microscope infer that conduction in the chitosan‐based device is due to filaments formed by oxygen defects. It is believed that the present results are helpful for the development of future bio‐RRAM devices.
A critique of the use of modified and moving average‐based EWMA control charts
Authors: Haq Abdul , Woodall William H.
Published: February 2023

We show that the so‐called modified exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart is very closely related to a moving average‐based EWMA chart. These charts have ill‐advised weighting functions that assign more weight to some past data values than to the most recent data values. We show that these weighting functions adversely affect their run length properties and that one can obtain better overall performance with an ordinary EWMA chart.
Push and pull in the sustainable development of ecological landscape and ecological resources: A dual perceptions of tourists and service staff
Authors: Yi Kui , Zhu Jing , Zhang Qingyu , Li Fengcai , Li Xi
Published: February 2023

The protection of the ecological landscape and the development of ecological resources are vital in the development of the global green economy, Their win‐win coordinated development is influenced by factors such as nature, culture, and economy, and more attention should be placed on tourist perception and sustainable resource development. Previous studies have mainly focused on a single perspective and failed to comprehensively consider the coordinated relationship between ecological landscape and ecological resources. This research combined push‐and‐pull theory and applied empirical analysis to verify the structure of tourists' perceptions and the law of sustainable development of resources related to the development of ecological landscape in the new era. It extracted and analyzed 34 influencing factors and applied the analytic network process (ANP) to analyze each factor's weights, to propose an evaluation system for eco‐tourism sustainability development that can help the construction of ecological landscape in the future. The reconstruction and further development of eco‐tourism in the new era is reflected in the ideological and practical dimensions; from single‐perspective linear thinking to multi‐dimensional integrated governance; from conflict between resources conservation and development to collaboration; from isolated management to building a community with a shared future; and showing the transformation and innovation at multiple levels of individual, community, government and national governance.
A Versatile Theranostic Nanoplatform with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Properties: Fluorescence Monitoring, Cellular Organelle Targeting, and Image‐Guided Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Ma Haijun , Li Ruoxin , Meng Haibing , Tian Mei , Zhang Xianhong , Liu Yanling , Li Le , Yuan Jinying , Wei Yen
Published: February 2023

Photosensitizers (PSs) play a key role in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumors. However, commonly used PSs are prone to intrinsic fluorescence aggregation‐caused quenching and photobleaching; this drawback severely limits the clinical application of PDT, necessitating new phototheranostic agents. Herein, a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform (named TTCBTA NP) is designed and constructed to achieve fluorescence monitoring, lysosome‐specific targeting, and image‐guided PDT. TTCBTA with a twisted conformation and D‐A structure is encapsulated in amphiphilic Pluronic F127 to form nanoparticles (NPs) in ultrapure water. The NPs exhibit biocompatibility, high stability, strong near‐infrared emission, and desirable reactive oxygen species (ROSs) production capacity. The TTCBTA NPs also show high‐efficiency photo‐damage, negligible dark toxicity, excellent fluorescent tracing, and high accumulation in lysosome for tumor cells. Furthermore, TTCBTA NPs are used to obtain fluorescence images with good resolution of MCF‐7 tumors in xenografted BALB/c nude mice. Crucially, TTCBTA NPs present a strong tumor ablation ability and image‐guided PDT effect by generating abundant ROSs upon laser irradiation. These results demonstrate that the TTCBTA NP theranostic nanoplatform may enable highly efficient near‐infrared fluorescence image‐guided PDT.
Recent Advances of Carbon Dots with Afterglow Emission
Authors: Shi Huixian , Wu Yang , Xu Jiahui , Shi Huifang , An Zhongfu
Published: February 2023

Carbon dots (CDs) have gradually become a new generation of nano‐luminescent materials, which have received extensive attention due to excellent optical properties, wide source of raw materials, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. In recent years, there are many reports on the luminescent phenomenon of CDs, and great progress has been achieved. However,there are rarely systematic summaries on CDs with persistent luminescence. Here, a summary of the recent progress on persistent luminescent CDs, including luminous mechanism, synthetic strategies, property regulation, and potential applications, is given. First, a brief introduction is given to the development of CDs luminescent materials. Then, the luminous mechanism of afterglow CDs from room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), delayed fluorescence (DF), and long persistent luminescence (LPL) is discussed. Next, the constructed methods of luminescent CDs materials are summarized from two aspects, including matrix‐free self‐protected and matrix‐protected CDs. Moreover, the regulation of afterglow properties from color, lifetime, and efficiency is presented. Afterwards, the potential applications of CDs, such as anti‐counterfeiting, information encryption, sensing, bio‐imaging, multicolor display, LED devices, etc., are reviewed. Finally, an outlook on the development of CDs materials and applications is proposed.
Ultra‐Stretchable Spiral Hybrid Conductive Fiber with 500%‐Strain Electric Stability and Deformation‐Independent Linear Temperature Response
Authors: Wu Jianpeng , Sang Min , Zhang Jingyi , Sun Yuxi , Wang Xinyi , Zhang Junshuo , Pang Haoming , Luo Tianzhi , Pan Shaoshan , Xuan Shouhu , Gong Xinglong
Published: February 2023

Stretchable configuration occupies priority in devising flexible conductors used in intelligent electronics and implantable sensors. While most conductive configurations cannot suppress electrical variations against extreme deformation and ignore inherent material characteristics. Herein, a spiral hybrid conductive fiber (SHCF) composed of aramid polymeric matrix and silver nanowires (AgNWs) coating is fabricated through shaping and dipping processes. The homochiral coiled configuration mimicked by plant tendrils not only enables its high elongation (958%), but also generates a superior deformation‐insensitive effect to existing stretchable conductors. The resistance of SHCF maintains remarkable stability against extreme strain (500%), impact damage, air exposure (90 days), and cyclic bending (150 000 times). Moreover, the thermal‐induced densification of AgNWs on SHCF achieves precise and linear temperature response toward a broad range (−20 to 100 °C). Its sensitivity further manifests high independence to tensile strain (0%–500%), allowing for flexible temperature monitoring of curved objects. Such unique strain‐tolerant electrical stability and thermosensation hold broad prospects for SHCF in lossless power transferring and expeditious thermal analysis.