bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bazı Gernik Buğday (Triticum dicoccum L.) Genotiplerinin Agromorfolojik Özellikleri ve Biplot Analiz Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİREL Fatih , YILDIRIM Bünyamin
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmada bazı agromorfojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi için materyal olarak 16 adet gernik buğdayı (Triticum dicoccum L.) genotipleri kullanılmıştır. Yazlık olarak ekilen 16 genotipin başakta dane sayısı (DS), başakta tane verimi (TV), biyolojik verimi (BV), hasat indeksi (Hİ), bitki boyu (BB) ve başak uzunluğu (BU) özellikleri incelenmiştir. İrdelenen tarımsal karakterler arasındaki ilişkiler, korelasyon ve biplot analizleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Tane verimini olumlu ve önemli yönde etkileyen hasat indeksi ve başak uzunluğu özellikleriyle öne çıkan genotiplerden seleksiyon yapılabileceği ve G6, G9, G14, ve G16 numaralı genotiplerin seçilerek çalışmaların sürdürülebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Enfermedad de Alzhéimer e Implicaciones Diagnósticas Futuras
Authors: Gallego Tavera Sindy Yuliana , Gómez Montoya María Isabel , David Gonzales Tatiana
Published: November 2020

La enfermedad del alzhéimer (EA) es un tipo de demencia caracterizada por el deterioro cognitivo y neurofisiológico de tipo progresivo, de gran incidencia en la actualidad, debido a la cantidad de personas quela padecen a nivel mundial, la proyección exponencial, y los altos costos en tratamientos paleativos a lospacientes y la atención de enfermedades psicológicas a cuidadores por las secuelas causadas. Aunque enColombia se presenta una variante de EA poco frecuente conocida como demencia frontotemporal enpersonas jóvenes, el foco patológico de la EA, son los adultos mayores, quien por lo genera presentan delicados cuadros clínicos concomitantes. Pese a que es una enfermedad conocida hace algún tiempo y susavances referentes a la patología han aumentado, obteniendo biomarcadores, conociendo la importanciade alguna proteína y el factor genético han sido de gran ayuda en el desarrollo de la EA, a la actualidad seconocen pocos avances en la detección temprana, los tratamientos a esta y una posible cura, respecto ala velocidad con que avanza dicha enfermedad luego de la aparición de sus primeros síntomas.Palabras clave: enfermedad de alzheimer; deterioro cognitivo; demencia; neurodegenerativo
Sobre la Revista
Authors: Revista Administrador
Published: November 2020

Resumen
Ejercicio De Análisis Microeconómico A Partir De Un Concurso Gastronómico
Authors: Leal Becerra José Fernando
Published: November 2020

Este artículo presenta un modelo de análisis del crecimiento en la producción para un restaurante participante en un concurso gastronómico que impulsa la demanda, como es el caso del evento conocidocomo Burger Master. Pese a su reciente presencia en el ámbito de la gastronomía nacional, el concursode la mejor hamburguesa de Colombia —Burger Master— se ha convertido en un fenómeno no sologastronómico, sino también económico y cultural. Este artículo pretende dilucidar, a partir de una metodología de análisis del ingreso del productor, cuál debe ser el incremento en la producción que debeasumir este para garantizar al menos el mismo nivel de ingreso bruto que tiene durante un periodo corriente de 7 días sin evento. Se espera que sirva para el análisis del nivel adecuado de producción durante diferentes festivales y promociones que involucren periodos con descuentos, , y que sirva de apoyopara los estudiantes de administración de empresas de la Universidad Nacional y de otras instituciones.Palabras clave: nivel de ingreso bruto; demanda; descuento; microeconomía; concursos gastronómicos; análisis elingreso
A Study of Evaluating Organizational Performance Based on Balanced Scoresheet Viewpoint
Authors: Lee Cheng-Wen , Chang Chin Kun
Published: November 2020

Enterprise organizational performance refers to the number, quality, efficiency and profitability of tasks completed by individual members of an organization in a certain period of time. The realization of enterprise organizational performance should be based on the realization of individual performance, but the realization of individual performance does not necessarily guarantee that the enterprise organization has performance. If the performance of an enterprise organization is broken down to every job and every person according to a certain logical relationship, as long as each person meets the requirements of the enterprise organization, the performance of the enterprise organization can be achieved. The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a well-designed indicator system according to the strategic requirements of the enterprise organization. According to Kaplan and Norton, BSC is a tool for performance management. The management tools of its business strategy measure the business situation of the enterprise from four aspects: finance, customers, internal process of the enterprise, learning and growth, so as to improve the organizational performance, from a to a +, towards the long-term development of the enterprise. It decomposes the strategic objectives of the enterprise into various specific and balanced performance evaluation index systems, and evaluates the realization of these evaluation indexes in different periods of time, and continuously modifies and improves them, so as to establish a reliable basis for the completion of the strategic objectives of the enterprise. Therefore, this study explores the use of BSC in business management strategy framework, through the logical analysis of experts and scholars, to find out the appropriate criteria; to establish a complete business management system, so as to contribute to the operation of business strategy for improving organizational performance, establishing customer value, and making the business sustainable.

JEL classification numbers: D23, C52, K32.

Keywords: Organizational Performance, Balanced Scorecard, Operation.
Prognostic potential of CK-19 managing disseminated oral squamous cell carcinomas in Pakistan: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Waqas Iqbal  , Uzma Tariq  , Arhama Surwaich  , Surwaich Ali channa  , Abdul Majid  , Shan Ali  , Naeem Bukhari  , Admin
Published: November 2020

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the adoptability of CK-19 as a routine diagnostic assay and potential prognostic marker following disseminated oral squamous cell carcinoma in Pakistani population.

The current descriptive study was conducted at Isra Dental College Hospital, Isra University, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Suspected patients of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), who visited the Isra Dental College Hospital’s outpatient department from January 2014 up to January 2015 with four year follow up (from January 2015 up to December 2019), were included after ethical approval of the Institutional board. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data analysis.

Sixty cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were selected for CK-19 quantification by using PCR before and after incisional biopsy.
Association of acute phase reactants with prognostic scores in community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Sefer Ozkaya  , Serhad Omercikoglu  , Erhan Altunbas  , Haldun Akoglu  , Arzu Denizbasi  , Admin
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin with commonly used prognostic scoring systems, hospitalisation and mortality in cases of community-acquired pneumonia.
Methods: The prospective study was conducted from April 2014 to April 2015 at the emergency department of Marmara University Pendik Research and Training Hospital,Turkey, and comprised community-acquired pneumonia patients diagnosed according to the British Thoracic Society criteria. Prognosis was estimated using confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age ?65, Pneumonia Severity Index-Pneumonia Patient Outcome Research Team score, and severe community-acquired pneumonia scores. Data was analysed using MedCalc 15.8.
Results: Of the 203 patients assessed, community-acquired pneumonia was confirmed in 152(74.8%). Procalcitonin had moderate correlation with the three scales used (p<0.001), while C-reactive protein had weak correlation with them (p<0.004).
Conclusion: Both procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels were found to be correlated with prognostic risk scores.
Key Words: Pneumonia, C reactive protein, procalcitonin, Continuous...
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF CHAT-BOT IN THE TREATMENT OF ANOMALIES OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION
Authors: Zobenko Alexandra , Vasiliev Yuri Anatolyevich
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the possibilities of using modern information technologies, in particular chatbot, in dentistry in the treatment of patients with congenital malformations of the facial skeleton. In order to im-prove the awareness of both doctors and parents at all stages of receiving medical care and rehabilitation.
DIAGNOSTIC AND REHABILITATION OPPORTUNITIES OF DUAL-TASKS FOR BRAIN TRAUMA
Authors: Zhavoronkova Ludmila Alexeevna , Maksakova Olga Arsen’evna , Кushnir Elena Mikhailovna , Skorjatina Irina Gennadievna
Published: November 2020

Complex clinical, EEG and stabilographic examination revealed predominantly cognitive deficit in patients

with moderate traumatic injury (mTBI) while dual tasks were performed. The EEG data demonstrated a decrease

in the coherence for slow (delta-theta) rhythms in the frontal-temporal areas predominantly of the left

hemisphere during cognitive tasks performance in patients. In healthy subjects an increase of EEG coherence

for slow spectral bands was observed in these brain areas by contrast. An increase of EEG coherence

was obtained for fast spectral bands - alpha2 and beta, predominantly at the right hemisphere while the motor

components of the dual tasks were performed in healthy adults and patients. Rehabilitation course involving

the use of dual-tasking contributed to a predominant reduction in cognitive deficits and an increase

of EEG coherence at the frontal-temporal areas of the left hemisphere. So, dual-tasks may be used as diagnostic

tool in patients after mTBI. Pilot studies allowed the proposed also rehabilitation effect of dualtasking

in mTBI patients with primary and predominant restoration of cognitive functions and recovery of

EEG coherence for slow spectral bands after rehabilitation course. So, our data allowed to propose that dual-tasks may be used as diagnostic as well rehabilitation tool in patients after mTB with the most sensitivity of the left hemisphere to traumatic effect and rehabilitation procedures.
POLYMORPHISM OF ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE GENES AND LIFESPAN
Authors: Erdman Vera Viktorovna , Nasibullin Timur Ruslanovich , Tuktarova Ilsiar Avkhatovna , Timasheva Yanina Rimovna , Danilko Ksenia Vladimirovna , Matua Alisa Zaurovna , Viktorova Tatiana Viktorovna
Published: November 2020

In the ethnic group of Russians, residents of the Republic of Bashkortostan, age-dependent changes in the

alleles and genotypes frequencies in SOD1, SOD2, PON1, PON2, NQO1, GPX1 genes SNVs were found. Enzymes, encoded by these genes, are involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species of the first and second stages, as well as toxic compounds of endogenous and exogenous nature.
REGULATION OF ADRENAL RETICULARIS CELL’S PROLIFERATION IN ORGANISM DEVELOPMENTALLY EXPOSED TO LOW DOSES OF DDT
Authors: Nazimova Svetlana Vladimirovna , Yaglova Nataliya Valentinovna , Tsomartova Dibakhan Aslanbekovna , Obernikhin Sergey Stanislavovich , Yaglov Valentin Vasilyevich
Published: November 2020

Altered patterns of cell proliferation in adrenal zona reticularis during postnatal development and regulation of proliferative activity by transcriptional factor PRH were revealed in rats exposed to endocrine disrupter DDT.
AUTOIMMUNE RESPONSE OF GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS AND NITRIC OXIDE IN EPILEPSY AND TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Authors: Sorokina Elena Gennad’evna , Semenova Zhanna B. , Globa Oksana V. , Karaseva Olga V. , Reutov Valentin P. , Ignatieva Galina A. , Afanasieva Sofya A. , Ovcharenko Dmitry S. , Khunteev German A. , Roshal Leonid M. , Pinelis Vsevolod G.
Published: November 2020

In children with epilepsy and traumatic brain injury (TBI), the content of autoantibodies (aAb) to glutamate

receptors (NMDA and AMPA subtypes) and the level of nitric oxide products - nitrothyrosine (NT) and nitrates/

nitrites (NOx) in the blood were studied. The obtained data make it possible to reveal the specificity of

damage to AMPA and NMDA subtypes of glutamate receptors in convulsive states and posttraumatic brain

injuries. The participation of NO and its products in the development of autoimmune response was revealed.
ADOPTION OF SUPPLY CHAIN DRIVERS ON SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTITUENCY DEVELOPMENT FUNDED PROJECTS IN THE COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF BUNGOMA
Authors: Hussein Wamalwa Moses , Musau Enock Gideon
Published: November 2020

Purpose: The focus of the study was to analyze the influence of supply chain drivers on performance of National Government Constituency Development funded projects in Bungoma County.

Methodology: Based on pragmatic worldview the study employed descriptive research design. The target population of the study consisted of five prequalified accredited service providers’ contractors in Bungoma County with a total composition of 293 staff from which a sample size of 169 was drawn from the entire population.The data collection tool was the questionnaire which was subjected to pre testing through piloting before actual data collection. The data was analyzed descriptively and inferentially with the aid of SPSS tool and presented by use of tables. Correlation analysis was performed to establish the relationship between variables and multiple regressions to determine the cause effect of the variables.

Findings: Result of multiple regressions revealed that supply chain drivers jointly and independently influence performance of NGCDF funded projects in Bungoma County, Kenya. The study findings showed that all study variables (ICT β=0.136, p<0.05, material management β=0.140, p<0.05, supplier selection β=0.317, p<0.05 and contract β=0.280, p<0.05 were significant to performance of NGCDF funded projects in Bungoma county. Therefore the study concluded that supply chain practices of ICT, material flow, supplier selection and contractual capacity affects the performance of funded projects.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that the county government management in Kenya need to invest in constant training of their employees on effective supply chain practices to enhance their performance and appropriate measures put in place that ensure that potential risks regarding contract management and detected in advance and mitigated to enhance operational performance.
http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/121
Authors:   University of South Asia Lahore, Hasan Abida
Published: November 2020

This article aims to present national and international literature review with the object to highlight the scope and reasons to spread the concept of ADR. It has been highlighted in this article that there is a need for quality work on the said topic so that the purpose of introducing this system can be utilized without wastage of time when the author started to work on ADR in 2014 for writing proposal of Ph. D, there was too much difficult to find literature review in connection to ADR in Pakistan. At present, data is easily available and lot of work has been done in this area and this is the reason that people are aware about this term now.
The frontiers of acute stroke management
Authors:   Royal Melbourne Hospital, Park Ashley , Campbell Bruce ,   Royal Melbourne Hospital
Published: November 2020

The field of stroke has rapidly advanced in recent years with more effective reperfusion therapies (thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy) applied to a broader range of patients, including using imaging-based selection to treat beyond standard time windows. Recent trials have provided  signals that neuroprotection and specific treatments for intracerebral haemorrhage may be achievable. The range of targeted secondary prevention strategies has also expanded, particularly with direct oral anticoagulants, more potent lipid lowering agents and patent foramen ovale closure.
Change of signs of fiber flax plants under the influence of different doses of gamma rays in M1
Authors: Kryvosheeva Larysa
Published: November 2020

Peculiarities of the influence of different doses of gamma rays on the change in the morphophysiological and biological characteristics of flax plants have been revealed. It was determined that pre-sowing seed treatment with gamma rays negatively affects the field similarity and survival of plants during the growing season, which depend on both the dose of mutagen and the genotype. The following types of morphoses in M1 obtained: chlorophilic, stem and leaf structure, color, shape, seed size, shape, size of bolls and morphosis of sterility.
Character of inheritance of economic markings in flax
Authors: Drozd Oleksandr , Zaika Yevhen , Pyvovar T
Published: November 2020

In the first and second generation of hybrids revealed different character of inheritance of basic qualitative and quantitative traits – dominance, heterosis, over-domination and intermediate inheritance, which allows to assume high efficiency of individual selections in the following generations, with the selection of transgressive forms. The actual ratio of distribution groups in F2 hybrids and the genetic control of these traits in parental forms by weight of 1000 seeds were determined. The source material and the perspective hybrid combinations in the breeding nursery were studied and the perspective numbers were distinguished according to the complex of features.
Conditions of development of weeds, pests and diseases in crops of monoculture of hemp, depending on fertilizer
Authors: Myhal Mykola , Layko Iryna , Mishchenko Serhiy , Kyrychenko Hanna , Layko Hanna , Biryukova Tetiana
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of studies of the conditions for the development of weeds, pests and diseases in the sowing of hemp monoculture. It was found that hemp is well adapted for growing for a long time in one field, providing a high yield of hemp production. It is recommended to grow a monoculture on fiber (harvesting in the phase of flowering plants). This makes it possible to avoid the ripening of seeds of the bulk of weeds and the main periods of harmfulness of pests and diseases. Differences in the degree of weediness of the field were revealed depending on the form and dose of fertilizers. In areas fertilized with manure, there are more weeds than in areas with introduced fertilizers. The large contamination of the fertilized areas is a consequence of the introduction of viable weed seeds together with manure, which is not properly harvested and stored in field shoulders. With an increase in the dose of manure, the number of weeds increases, and an increase in the dose of mineral fertilizers with which weed seeds are not introduced, on the contrary, decreases as a result of an increase in the height of the stalk and its foliage. This is clearly confirmed by the fact that during the period from 3-4 pairs of leaves and to the phase of flowering plants, a large number of weeds die. Indicated on agrotechnical methods of weed, pest and disease control when growing hemp monoculture.
Safety of qualitative indicators of hemp seeds harvested by a grain-harvester
Authors: Lukyanenko Petro
Published: November 2020

Based on the studies, the main factors that affect the quality indicators of hemp seeds harvested by a combine harvester are identified. It was established that in the process of harvesting hemp seeds with a combine harvester, the bunker masa has high humidity, which affects their heating. Higher humidity of the bunker mass belongs to impurities, which exceeds the similar indicator of seeds by two and more times. To prevent the process of warming the seeds, it is necessary to stomp insignificant indicators of clogging of the bunker mass and minimize the time of its filling, transportation to the processing and primary cleaning point. Removing the main part of the impurity during initial cleaning allows to reduce the moisture content of the seed mass by two or more percent, depending on their content. When carrying out the process of drying hemp seeds, it is necessary to maintain the acceptable temperature of their heating for the corresponding values of humidity in order to maintain quality indicators while ensuring their flow movement or periodic mixing. When sorting hemp seeds, the selection of the highest quality fraction of them is ensured for subsequent use in different directions.
ANALISIS EMPIRIS INKLUSIFITAS KEUANGAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Azwar Azwar Azwar
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis inklusifitas keuangan syariah pada 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan data sekunder berbasis tahunan dari publikasi Bank Indonesia dan Badan Pusat Statistik, penelitian ini mengestimasi inklusifitas keuangan syariah di Indonesia dengan metode Index for Syariah Financial Inclusion (ISFI)  yang dikembangkan dari Sarma (2012)  berdasarkan tiga dimensi pengukuran yaitu accessibility, availability dan usage of banking services. Penelitian ini secara empiris membuktikan bahwa indeks inklusifitas keuangan syariah di Indonesia secara umum tergolong rendah yaitu dengan average value sebesar 0,127. Pada tingkat provinsi, ditemukan bahwa Provinsi Bangka Belitung memiliki indeks inklusifitas tertinggi dibandingkan provinsi lainnya di Indonesia. Temuan ini bermakna bahwa kelompok masyarakat tidak sepenuhnya menggunakan jasa keuangan formal, khususnya, sebagai sumber keuangan dan pembiayaan utama, sehingga pengambil kebijakan perlu untuk meningkatkan availabilitas keuangan syariah dengan menambah dan memperluas layanan perbankan syariah di Indonesai khususnya pada Kawasan Timur Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini juga menganalisis hubungan antara inklusifitas keuangan syariah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Melalui metode Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation, penelitian ini menemukan adanya korelasi positif dan signifikan antara inklusiftas keuangan syariah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia. Umumnya, provinsi dengan Human Devepelment Index (HDI) yang tinggi dan medium dapat dianalogikan relatif memiliki inklusi keuangan yang tinggi pula.
MENGUKUR KESUKSESAN IMPLEMENTASI OM SPAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL DELONE DAN MCLEAN
Authors: - Mohamad Ichsan , - Suryo Sujoko
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini membahas Model DeLone dan McLean untuk mengukur kesuksesan implementasi Online Monitoring (OM) SPAN dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesuksesan. OM SPAN merupakan aplikasi berbasis web yang digunakan untuk memantau perencanaan dan pelaksanaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN). OM SPAN dikembangkan dan dikelola oleh Ditjen Perbendaharaan. Pengguna OM SPAN sebanyak 30-an ribu yang tersebar secara nasional dari seluruh satuan kerja pemerintah pusat. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan kesuksesan implementasi sistem informasi OM SPAN, di mana sebagian besar pengguna (lebih dari 90%) menyatakan puas atau sangat bermanfaat bagi pengguna. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, peneliti menemukan bahwa kualitas informasi, kualitas sistem dan kualitas layanan mempengaruhi kepuasan pengguna sebesar 44,1%. Selanjutnya, kepuasan pengguna mempengaruhi keuntungan bersih sebesar 63,7%. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa kualitas sistem berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengguna. Hal ini perlu dipertimbangkan oleh organisasi untuk pengembangan OM SPAN pada masa depan.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KELEMBAGAAN ADMINISTRASI PABEAN DI DUNIA
Authors: Darwin Arfiansyah
Published: November 2020

Administrasi pabean adalah institusi yang bertanggung jawab dalam memproses perdagangan antar negara. Berbagai upaya telah diusahakan oleh World Customs Organization (WCO) untuk memberikan standar pelayanan kepabeanan untuk tercapainya tujuan peningkatan efektivitas dan efisiensi administrasi pabean dalam pelaksanaan tugasnya. Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai (DJBC) sebagai administrasi pabean di Indonesia, serupa dengan administrasi pabean di berbagai negara, menjalankan empat fungsi, yaitu sebagai revenue collector, community protector, trade facilitator, dan industrial assistance. Bagaimana suatu administrasi dalam memandang fungsi utamanya, menentukan bentuk kelembagaan yang dipilih. Di dunia terdapat empat bentuk kelembagaan administrasi pabean, yaitu administrasi pabean dalam bentuk Customs Agency (berdiri sendiri di bawah kepala pemerintahan), Revenue Authority (bergabung dengan institusi penerimaan lain membentuk badan tersendiri), Ministry Department (sebagai institusi di bawah suatu kementerian), atau Border Protection Service (penjaga perbatasan). Kajian ini membahas beberapa administrasi pabean di dunia yang menerapkan bentuk-bentuk kelembagaan tersebut.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KESUKSESAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM E-FILING PAJAK
Authors: A.R. Muh. Ihsan , Azwar Azwar
Published: November 2020

In order to address the task and function in tax policy through the information technology, the Directorate General of Tax, Ministry of Finance of Indonesia, has already developed and launched e-Filing system as tax services in web based. Although it has massively run, there are still problems in its implementation. Hence, we need to evaluate and judge how its implementation based on point of view of its user. The general purpose of this research is to evaluate the success of e-Filing system implementation based on user perception with DeLone & McLean Information System Success Model Approach (1992). By using primary data form questionnaire and secondary data with quantitative approach of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS)’s component or variance, this research examine the effect of success indicators measurement on implementation of e-Filing system based on Delone & McLean (1992) model. This model uses six variables which are system quality, information quality, user satisfaction, use, individual impact and organizational impact. This research empirically showed that the e-Filing system currently implementated is not successfully running yet based on all DeLone & McLean’s success measurement criterias. Hence, Directorate General of Tax need to improve, strengthen, and expand the e-Filing system implementation.
ECONOMIC GROWTH AND CO2 EMISSIONS IN INDONESIA : INVESTIGATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE HYPOTHESIS EXISTENCE
Authors: Iskandar Azwar
Published: November 2020

Peningkatan ancaman polusi udara dan pemanasan global telah dibahas secara luas dalam berbagai event internasional.  Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) menjadi sebuah isu riset yang memotivasi banyak studi dalam mengklaim adanya hubungan antara pendapatan ekonomi dan emisi CO2 melalui pembuktian hipotesis inverted U-shaped, dimana hipotesis ini menjelaskan bahwa pada tahap awal pertumbuhan ekonomi, degragdasi lingkungan akan terjadi, tetapi pada tahap puncak pertumbuhannya justru akan mengurangi emisi CO2 bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keberadaan Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis dalam hubungan antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan emisi karbondioksida di Indonesia selama periode tahun 194-2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang berasal dari World Bank Development Indicators. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa hipotesis  EKC tidak terdapat di Indonesia.  Selain itu, permodelan jangka panjang menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi khususnya pada sektor electricity and heat production memberikan dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap emisi karbondioksida di Indonesia. Atas dasar temuan-temuan tersebut, penelitian ini mengisyaratkan adanya kebutuhan mendesak bagi Indonesia untuk menekankan perluasan service intensive economy daripada resource intensive, serta pengembangan sumber-sumber energi terbarukan dalam rangka memitigasi degradasi lingkungan seiring perkembangan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi.

The increasing threat of air pollution and global warming has been widely discussed in various international events. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) become an independent research issue and motivated a bulky number of studies that claims an inverted U-shaped relationship between income and CO2 emission : at early stage of development, environmental degradation occurs, but at certain point the increase in economic development will decrease CO2 emission. This study aims to investigate the existing of EKC hypothesis and the dynamic relationship between CO2 emission and economic growth and in Indonesia case the period 1981-2016 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration framework. Data were retrieved from World Bank Development Indicators. The findings reveal that EKC Hypothesis does not exist. In addition, the long run model show that economy growth appear to have significant positive impact on CO2 emission especially from electricity and heat production. These findings suggest a dire need for Indonesia to shift towards service intensive economy rather than resource intensive, and alternative renewable energy sources in order to mitigate environmental degradation as well as promote economic development.
WHO GAINS FROM SOCIAL ASSISTANCES? RASTRA, PIP, AND PKH PROGRAMS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Firmansyah Abrian Duta , Solikin Akhmad
Published: November 2020

Social assistance is one of government’s strategies in alleviating poverty and reducing inequality. This article analyses impact of social assistances in terms of Prosperous Rice (Beras Sejahtera, Rastra), Indonesia Intelligent Program (Program Indonesia Pintar, PIP), and Family Hope Program (Program Keluarga Harapan, PKH) on poverty and inequality, and problems related to implementation of these programs. Impact analysis was carried out using the benefit incidence analysis by using household surveys (Susenas) data March 2017, while problems in the fields were collected from literature and mass media analyses. The results indicate that social assistances in Indonesia impacted on alleviating poverty and reducing inequality, as well as absolute progressive in nature. Rastra is the most able to reduce poverty and equality compared to PKH and PIP. However, further improvements are needed to overcome the leakage in the distribution of social assistances. Literature and mass media reviews showed that data on recipients of social assistances were not up to date and disbursement of assistances violated existing regulations.
PEMANTAUAN DAN EVALUASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIFITAS PELAKSANAAN PROYEK/KEGIATAN YANG DIBIAYAI MELALUI PINJAMAN
Authors: Pribadi Yanuar
Published: November 2020

Pemantauan dan evaluasi bertujuan untuk memastikan pelaksanaan suatu program telah sesuai dengan rencana untuk mencapai tujuan yang ditetapkan. Sumber pembiayaan yang berasal dari utang menimbulkan konsekuensi berupa biaya yang harus ditanggung dalam pelaksanaan proyek/kegiatan tersebut. Pemantauan dan evaluasi yang tidak efektif berisiko menimbulkan tambahan biaya pinjaman yang dapat membebani keuangan negara. Kementerian Keuangan sebagai pengelola utang negara melakukan pemantauan dan evaluasi pada aspek keuangan berupa realisasi penarikan dan menilai kinerja suatu proyek/kegiatan menggunakan metode Progress Variant. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemantauan dan evaluasi pinjaman belum dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas pelaksanaan proyek/kegiatan karena koordinasi antar instansi yang kurang baik, generalisasi penilaian kinerja proyek, serta keterbatasan sumber daya pemantauan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan alternatif langkah penyempurnaan proses pemantauan dan evaluasi sehingga dapat meminimalkan biaya, meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas pelaksanaan sehingga proyek/ kegiatan yang dibiayai melalui pinjaman tersebut dapat memberikan manfaat yang maksimal bagi masyarakat.
FASILITASI PERDAGANGAN DAN EKSPOR MANUFAKTUR UNGGULAN INDONESIA KE RCEP
Authors: Mardiah Siti
Published: November 2020

Fasilitasi perdagangan telah menjadi perhatian berbagai negara dan berperan penting dalam efisiensi perdagangan. Manufaktur adalah salah satu produk eskpor yang memiliki peran penting bagi perekonomian Indonesia. Namun nilai ekspor manufaktur Indonesia ke RCEP selama periode 2012-2016 mengalami penurunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sektor unggulan manufaktur Indonesia dan menganalisis dampak fasilitasi perdagangan terhadap ekspor manufaktur unggulan Indonesia ke RCEP. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder periode 2012-2016 dengan metode analisis Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD) dan gavity model. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ekspor manufaktur unggulan Indonesia ke RCEP adalah kayu, barang dari kayu dan anyaman. PDB RCEP, Populasi RCEP, Burden of Customs Procedures (BOCP) RCEP, e-business RCEP dan dummy contiguity memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan jarak, nilai tukar dan Service Sector Infrastructure (SSI) RCEP berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ekspor kayu, barang dari kayu dan anyaman Indonesia.

 

Trade facilitation has come to concern of various countries and has an important role in efficiency of trade. Manufacturing is one of the export products that has a very important role for Indonesian economy. However, the Indonesia's manufacturing export value to RCEP during the 2012-2016 period has decreased. This research was aimed to identify the Indonesia’s main manufacturing to RCEP and to analyze the influence of trade facilitation on Indonesia's main manufacturing export to RCEP market. The research used secondary data between 2012 and 2016. The methods used are the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD) and gravity model. The results showed that Indonesia’s main manufacturing exports are wood, goods from wood and webbing. GDP, population, Burden of Customs (BOCP), e-business and dummy contiguity have a positive and significant effect on Indonesian exports. Meanwhile, distance, exchange rate and Service Sector Infrastructure (SSI) RCEP has a negative and significant effect on wood, goods from wood and webbing exports.
THE ROLE OF TAX ADMINISTRATION AND TAX RATE ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
Authors: Nasution Rusman Affandi
Published: November 2020

This thesis examines the impact of the tax system in determining FDI inflows in countries around the world from 2010 to 2017. We group the countries into two groups, based on income levels. Our findings suggest that the tax system, which reflects the easiness of tax payment, and the commitment to all tax regulations, plays a significant role in determining FDI inflows in low & middle-income countries. In high-income countries, it is the corporate tax cut that plays the role. The result implies that improved institutional performance in low & middle-income countries is an essential factor to induce FDI inflows.
O currículo cultural de Educação Física em ação: efeitos nas representações culturais dos estudantes sobre as práticas corporais e seus representantes
Authors: Neves Marcos Ribeiro das , Neira Marcos Garcia
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo procurou-se analisar os efeitos do currículo cultural de Educação Física nas representações culturais dos estudantes sobre as práticas corporais e seus representantes. Para tanto, utilizou-se a bricolagem com modo de investigação, adotando a autoetnografia e a etnografia das aulas em três escolas públicas situadas na periferia paulistana. O material produzido foi submetido à análise cultural mediante o confronto com os Estudos Culturais. Os resultados permitem afirmar que a Educação Física culturalmente orientada exerce uma influência nas significações proferidas pelos estudantes acerca das práticas corporais tematizadas e os sujeitos que delas participam. Observou-se que o processo de ressignificação acontece desde o mapeamento, perpassa as vivências e se fortalece, de maneira especial, naquelas atividades de aprofundamento em que são desenvolvidas situações didáticas voltadas para a desconstrução de representações pejorativas. Também se concluiu que os professores exercem um papel fundamental nesse processo.
Nephrotic syndrome in the course of type 1 diabetes mellitus and systemic lupus erythematosus with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome – diagnostic and therapeutic problems. A case-based review
Authors: Graca Aleksandra , Suszek Dorota , Jeleniewicz Radosław , Majdan Maria
Published: November 2020

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) can be a symptom of many autoimmune, metabolic, or infectious diseases. Kidney involvement is often observed in the course of diabetes mellitus (DM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The development of NS with coexisting SLE and DM generates serious diagnostic problems. In this paper, the authors present diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas in a patient with long-lasting DM, SLE, and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome, in whom NS symptoms appeared. Histopathological examination of the kidney confirmed the diagnosis of lupus nephritis. Immunosuppressive and anticoagulant drugs were used.

The authors demonstrated that the character of morphologic lesions in the kidney biopsy can help in diagnosis, nephropathy classification, and further therapeutic decisions, which are distinct in both diseases.
The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction associated with doxycycline in a patient with Lyme arthritis
Authors: Nykytyuk Svitlana , Boyarchuk Oksana , Klymnyuk Sergiy , Levenets Sofiya
Published: November 2020

Objectives

The objective of this article was to present the clinical peculiarity of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) during antibiotic treatment of Lyme arthritis.

Material and methods

Case study presentation as a basis for discussion, literature search of PubMed database particularly in the subject of combination of the JHR and Lyme borreliosis using the combination of words “Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction” and “Lyme borreliosis”, “Lyme arthritis”, “antibiotic treatment”, “generalized inflammation”, “cytokine production”, “children”, “increasing awareness”; discussion of the problem based on a clinical case and cited articles.

Results

The authors present a case of Lyme arthritis in a 13-year-old boy, as well as a discussion of clinical features of this complication of Lyme disease treatment as the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. On the 7th day of doxycycline treatment the patient’s condition deteriorated: a low-grade fever occurred, and severe arthralgias with intense hip, ankle and cervical spine pain and myalgias developed. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were elevated. The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction was diagnosed. This complication was characterized by severity, long duration and marked signs of inflammation.

Conclusions

In the reviewed literature the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in patients with Lyme borreliosis is described more often in adults, with mild course and short duration of the disease. Based on the presented clinical picture this severe complication may also be associated with long duration and marked signs of inflammation. The authors suggest that informing health professionals about occurrence of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction should help physicians to distinguish it from allergic reactions or other conditions and improve treatment outcomes.
Non-surgical treatment of urinary stone
Authors: Kim Hyung Joon
Published: November 2020

Some patients with urinary stones can be managed non-surgically through observation, medication, or extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL). Symptomatic urinary stones can initially be treated conservatively using analgesics and hydration. When uncontrolled pain or infection is present, immediate diversion via either percutaneous nephrostomy or ureteral stenting may be necessary. Medical expulsive therapy utilizing alpha-blocker may benefit a selected group of patients with stones larger than 5 mm. Oral or percutaneous chemolysis is a well-established non-invasive option with a reasonable success rate for patients with a certain component such as uric acid. When medical treatment is applied, its unintended side effects should be considered and routinely monitored. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy is a highly effective and safe modality in treating urinary stones when adequately indicated. In addition to the size and location of the stone, information obtained from non-enhanced computed tomography such as stone density, stone heterogenicity index, and stone-to-skin distance can be applied to predict the possibility of ESWL failure. Modifications in shock wave delivery by altering shock rate and voltage can improve shock wave efficacy. Urinary stones can be managed effectively and safely using non-surgical approaches.
Surgical management of urinary stone
Authors: Kim Bum Soo
Published: November 2020

Urolithiasis is a common urological disease that causes a significant deterioration in patients’ life quality due to severe pain and frequent recurrence. With increases in the incidence of urolithiasis, different treatment methods have been developed. Although urolithiasis is still managed in Korea with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, the development of minimally invasive techniques and endoscopy instruments has led to increased surgery. Prior to the introduction of endoscopy, urolithiasis surgery was performed as open procedures such as ureterolithotomy, pyelolithotomy, and nephrolithotomy. However, most recent stone surgeries are performed using endoscopy with comparable outcomes and fewer complications. Laparoscopic or robot-assisted laparoscopic surgeries are performed in exceptional cases. Since urolithiasis can be found in various urinary organs, such as the kidney, ureter, bladder, and even the urethra, the approach, method, and availability of endoscopy will vary depending on the stoneʼs size and location. Understanding the types and characteristics of each surgical method will determine the appropriate procedure for each patient and improve the surgical outcomes.
Chemical composition and light absorption of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from crop residue burning: influence of combustion efficiency
Authors: Wang Yujue , Hu Min , Xu Nan , Qin Yanhong , Wu Zhijun , Zeng Liwu , Huang Xiaofeng , He Lingyan
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Biomass burning is one of the major sources of carbonaceous aerosols, which affects air quality,
the radiation budget and human health. Field straw residue burning is a widespread type of biomass
burning in Asia, while its emissions are poorly understood compared with wood burning
emissions. In this study, lab-controlled straw (wheat and corn) burning experiments were designed
to investigate the emission factors and light absorption properties of different biomass burning
organic aerosol (BBOA) fractions, including water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), humic-like
substances (HULIS) and water-insoluble organic carbon (WISOC). The influences of biofuel moisture
content and combustion efficiency on emissions are comprehensively discussed. The emission factors
of PM2.5, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were 9.3±3.4, 4.6±1.9 and
0.21±0.07 g kg−1 for corn burning and 8.7±5.0, 3.9±2.8 and
0.22±0.05 g kg−1 for wheat burning, generally lower than wood or forest burning
emissions. Though the mass contribution of WISOC to OC (32 %–43 %) was lower than
WSOC, the light absorption contribution of WISOC (57 %–84 % at 300–400 nm)
surpassed WSOC due to the higher mass absorption efficiency (MAE) of WISOC. The results suggested
that BBOA light absorption would be largely underestimated if only the water-soluble
fractions were considered. However, the light absorption of WSOC in the near-UV range, occupying
39 %–43 % of the total extracted OC absorption at 300 nm, cannot be negligible
due to the sharper increase of absorption towards shorter wavelengths compared with WISOC. HULIS
were the major light absorption contributors to WSOC, due to the higher MAE of HULIS than other
high-polarity WSOC components. The emission levels and light absorption of BBOA were largely
influenced by the burning conditions, indicated by modified combustion efficiency (MCE) calculated
by measured CO and CO2 in this study. The emission factors of PM2.5,
OC, WSOC, HULIS and organic acids were enhanced under lower MCE conditions or during
higher moisture straw burning experiments. Light absorption coefficients of BBOA at
365 nm were also higher under lower MCE conditions, which was mainly due to the elevated
mass emission factors. Our results suggested that the influence of varied combustion efficiency on
particle emissions could surpass the differences caused by different types of biofuels. Thus, the
burning efficiency or conditions should be taken into consideration when estimating the influence
of biomass burning. In addition, we observed that the ratios of K+/OC and
Cl-/OC increased under higher MCE conditions due to the enhancement of
potassium and chlorine released under higher fire temperatures during flaming combustion. This indicates
that the potassium ion, as a commonly used biomass burning tracer, may lead to estimation uncertainty
if the burning conditions are not considered.
Measurement report: Source characteristics of water-soluble organic
carbon in PM2.5 at two sites in Japan, as assessed by long-term
observation and stable carbon isotope ratio
Authors: Suto Nana , Kawashima Hiroto
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The sources and seasonal trends of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in carbonaceous aerosols are of significant interest. From July 2017 to July 2019, we collected samples of PM2.5 (particulate matter, aerodynamic diameter
Aerosol Characteristics in the Three Poles of the Earth
Observed by CALIPSO
Authors: Yang Yikun , Zhao Chuanfeng , Wang Quan , Cong Zhiyuan , Yang Xingchuan , Fan Hao
Published: November 2020

Abstract. To better understand the aerosol properties over the Arctic, Antarctic, and Tibetan Plateau (TP), the aerosol optical properties were investigated using 13 years CALIPSO L3 data, and the back trajectories for air masses were also simulated using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the aerosol optical depth (AOD) has obvious spatial and seasonal variation characteristics, and the aerosol loading over Eurasia, Ross Sea, and South Asia is relatively large. The annual average AOD in the Arctic, Antarctic, and TP are 0.046, 0.025, and 0.098, respectively. The Arctic and Antarctic regions have larger AOD values in winter and spring, while the TP in spring and summer. There are no significant temporal trends of AOD anomalies in the three study regions. Clean marine and dust-related aerosols are the dominant types over ocean and land respectively in both the Arctic and Antarctic, while dust-related aerosol types have greater occurrence frequency (OF) over the TP. The OF of dust-related and elevated smoke is large for a broad range of heights, indicating that they are likely transported aerosols, while other types of aerosols mainly occurred at heights below 2 km in the Antarctic and Arctic. The maximum OF of dust-related aerosols mainly occurs at 6 km altitude over the TP. The analysis of back trajectories of the air masses shows large differences among different regions and seasons. The Arctic region is more vulnerable to mid-latitude pollutants than the Antarctic region, especially in winter and spring, while the air masses in the TP are mainly from the Iranian Plateau, Tarim Basin, and South Asia.