bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДИНАМІКА СУПЕРОКСИДДИСМУТАЗНОЇ ТА КАТАЛАЗНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ ПЕЧІНКИ У ЩУРІВ РІЗНОГО ВІКУ ЗА УМОВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЇ КРАНІОСКЕЛЕТНОЇ ТРАВМИ
Authors: СУШКО Ю. І. , ГУДИМА А. А.
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: з’ясувати динаміку супероксиддисмутазної (СОД-) та каталазної активності печінки щурів різного віку за умов експериментальної краніоскелетної травми.
Матеріали і методи. У щурів трьох вікових груп (статевонезрілі, статевозрілі, старі) в умовах тіопенталонатрієвого наркозу моделювали краніоскелетну травму (КСТ). Щурів виводили з експерименту в умовах наркозу через 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 та 28 діб посттравматичного періоду. В екстракті гомогенату печінки визначали СОД- та каталазну активність.
Результати. Встановлено, що, не залежно від віку, під впливом КСТ у печінці піддослідних щурів істотно знижувалася СОД- і каталазна активність з мінімумом через 3–14 діб посттравматичного періоду і наступним підвищенням, яке лише у статевонезрілих щурів до 28 доби досягало рівня контролю. Однак ступінь зниження досліджуваних показників був суттєво більшим у старих щурів: за СОД-активністю через 28 діб (на 24,0 % порівняно з статевонезрілими щурами та на 23,3 % порівняно зі статевозрілими щурами), за каталазною активністю – починаючи з 3 доби експерименту. Найменший ступінь зниження СОД- і каталазної активності відмічали у статевонезрілих щурів. Отримані результати вказують на системний прооксидантний вплив модельованої травми на органи, віддалені від місця безпосереднього травмування, а також на зниження антиоксидантної спроможності печінки щурів зі збільшенням віку.
“I Am a Football Player and/or a Girl”: Psychosemantics of Self-Consciousness among Teenage Female Football Players
Authors: Lopukhova Olga G.
Published: November 2024

Background. Women’s football (soccer), despite official recognition and growing popularity, is perceived as a gender-non-typical sport. This contradiction can be implicitly transmitted by society and acts as a condition of conflict in the self-consciousness of teenage female football players (TFFPs). In this study, the model of self-consciousness is defined as the semantic structures generated in the dialogic interaction “person – sociocultural environment”. Objective. Various options, including internally conflicting ones, for the content of self-consciousness in the context of both gender (girl) and professional sports (football player) are identified in comparison with the gender personality type of TFFPs. Design. The psychosemantic method of multiple identifications is used to assess self-consciousness in participants. Image-markers of self-identification in gender and professional sports semantics are assessed through verbal personal characteristics and non-verbal color-associative stimuli. Sample: 29 female football players aged 15 years who have been involved in pre-professional football for the last 5–7 years. Results. In TFFPs with androgynous and masculine gender personality types, self-consciousness is not conflicted; the image of a football player has masculine semantics. In TFFPs with a feminine gender personality type, self-consciousness is not conflicted due to the transformation of the image of a football player from traditionally masculine semantics to more feminine ones. TFFPs with an undifferentiated gender personality type are characterized by contradictions at the explicit and implicit levels of self-consciousness. Conclusion. The results confirm the concept of self-consciousness as a process of dialogical interaction between the self-image and images of the socio-cultural environment, as well as the possibility of its diagnosis as individual variants of psychosemantic structures.
Analysis of Eye and Head Tracking Movements During a Puck-Hitting Task in Ice Hockey Players, Compared to Wrestlers and Controls
Authors: Polikanova Irina S. , Sabaev Danila , Bulaeva Natalia I. , Panfilova Elizaveta A. , Leonov Sergey V. , Bugriy Grigory S. , Bespalov Boris I. , Kruchinina Anna P.
Published: November 2024

Background. The study of eye-movement strategies of athletes of various disciplines and skill levels is highly significant for sports psychology, since the results can be used in training to improve performance. Such studies are extremely scarce for ice hockey. Objective. To determine successful eye-movement strategies for ice hockey players compared to wrestlers and controls (non-athletes) during puck-hitting tasks of various degrees of difficulty, using virtual reality. Design. The study involved 31 participants (male), including 13 ice hockey players (age 20 ± 2.5), 9 wrestlers (age 19 ± 1.9), and 9 controls (age 19 ± 1.3). We used a pre-developed VR-PACE technology that simulates an ice rink in virtual reality (VR). The task was to hit pucks. VR was presented via the HTC Vive Pro Eye with a built-in eye tracker (100 Hz). We analyzed the parameter that reflected the share of puck presence in one of selected retina areas (0–5°, 5–10°, 10–15°, 15–25°, 25–35°) of the left and right eyes and the head. Results. Ice hockey players exhibited longer puck-tracking using both the near periphery (5–15°) and central retinal area (0–5°). Puck speed had minimal impact on eye-movement strategies, and the visual focus on these areas remained consistent regardless of task type. For both wrestlers and controls, visual fixations in the central retinal area increased when tracking the puck without a motor response, likely leading to higher energy consumption and sensory fatigue. Conclusion. The optimal eye-movement strategy involves parafoveal tracking in the near periphery (5–15°) and partial foveal tracking (0–5°), allowing for better object information retention and efficient puck trajectory tracking with reduced energy expenditure.
Development and Psychometric Properties of Coping Scales towards Adherence to Pharmacological Treatment, Heart-healthy Eating and Cardiovascular Physical Exercise
Authors: Flores-Mendozaa Jessica Berenice , Méndez Mirna García , Doddoli Andrea Bravo , Díaz-Loving Rolando
Published: November 2024

Background. Coping, within Lazarus transactional theoretical framework, is conceptualized as a dynamic set of cognitive and behavioral processes that adapt continually to manage specific demands, whether internal or external, perceived as exceeding an individual’s available resources. This framework supports understanding healthy coping behaviors, especially regarding adherence to treatment in cardiovascular disease management. Objective. Develop and validate coping scales designed to assess adherence to pharmacological treatment, heart-healthy eating, and cardiovascular physical exercise in mexican patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease. Design. The research employed both qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) methodologies to ensure robustness. The coping scales underwent rigorous testing, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which revealed a two-factor solution for medication adherence coping, a three factors solution for physical exercise adherence coping, and a three factors solution for healthy eating adherence coping. Results. The findings suggest that coping strategies, although universal in nature, are sensitive to cultural nuances among patients with ischemic heart disease. By capturing the complexities of coping behaviors within a specific cultural context, these scales provide valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of adherence to primary prevention measures. Conclusion. This study contributes to the understanding of how coping mechanisms intersect with cultural factors in the management of chronic conditions such as ischemic heart disease, highlighting the importance of tailored interventions that consider patients cultural backgrounds and individual coping styles.
Occurrence of plant-parasitic nematodes on rice (Oryza sativa) in Kenya with a focus on Hirschmanniella oryzae
Authors: Ndirangu Kiama J. , Pili Njira N. , Chelal John , Biwot John , Kandie Faith , Razieh Yazdani , Quintanilla Marisol , Ouedraogo Rimnoma S. , Hughes David , Kantor Mihail , Coyne Danny , Haukeland Solveig , Couvreur Marjolein , Bert Wim , Teklu Misghina G.
Published: November 2024

Rice ranks as the third most important staple cereal food crop in Kenya, following maize and wheat. The demand for rice has been increasing at a faster rate than most cereals, occasionally requiring imports to meet local needs. In response, the Kenyan government has been implementing a programme to increase rice production by expanding irrigated lowland rice schemes from 32 988 to 171 676 ha, while increasing rain-fed upland production areas four-fold to 42 000 ha by 2030. However, with continued rice monocropping in irrigated lowland fields and intensification in rain-fed upland ecosystems, there is a growing concern that plant-parasitic nematodes may emerge as a significant problem across rice ecosystems. This study characterised the nematode genera associated with rice in Kenya and assessed their diversity and distribution across rice ecosystems, with a focus on Hirschmanniella species. Eleven nematode genera were identified in both ecosystems, indicating a relatively high diversity. These genera, ranked by prominence, included Hirschmanniella, Hoplolaimus, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne, Ditylenchus, Trichodorus, Xiphinema, Rotylenchus, Longidorus and Paratylenchus. The family Tylenchidae was also found to be an important component of the nematofauna. Both morphological and molecular analyses confirmed the presence of Hirschmanniella oryzae in irrigated lowland and rain-fed upland rice, which represents the first documented report for Kenya. A notably large molecular variation was also observed for these Kenyan populations on the 18S region, with intraspecific variation up to 10 bp difference. Understanding the diversity, distribution, and species composition of nematodes in rice ecosystems is important for raising awareness among plant protection services, farmers, cooperatives and extension agents about plant-parasitic nematodes and their challenges in rice production. Future research should build on this knowledge to support extensive studies on population dynamics and damage threshold, focusing on local rice cultivars to develop effective management strategies, including breeding programmes and other cultural practices.
Resistance to Oppression in Informal Work
Authors: Mayer Jean François
Published: November 2024

This article takes the study of informal work and resistance to oppression in a new direction. The literature assumes that subaltern resistance is either collective, open, and occasional; or individual, covert, and habitual. The author argues that the reality is a complex mix of these responses, shaped by social power structures and legal frameworks. Based on ethnographic fieldwork with paid domestic workers in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru, the author demonstrates that worker resistance is principally individual and multifaceted, including overt and covert, as well as habitual and occasional strategies. In all cases, entrenched racist and patriarchal structures and behaviors as well as the making and implementing of labor law shape social understandings of the nature of remunerated domestic labor and choices of resistance strategies. In this context, collective rights claiming remains challenging.
Food Preparation and Cookbooks as a Medium of Everyday Contact between Jews and Christians in the Habsburg Monarchy and Imperial Germany
Authors: Niedhammer Martina
Published: November 2024

In the early nineteenth century, Jewish cookbooks appeared on the Central European book market for the first time. So far, these manuals have been studied primarily from the perspective of the preservation of Jewish identity, that is, as a marker of the extent to which kashrut could be preserved in the face of increasing acculturation to non-Jewish society. Little attention was paid to aspects of transfer or entanglement between Jewish and non-Jewish foodways despite the central role of food in everyday life. In my paper, I try to map possible encounters between Jews and Christians in the area of food preparation and eating outside one’s home before analyzing several Jewish and general cookbooks appearing in the Habsburg Monarchy and Imperial Germany. The fact that also non-Jewish cooking manuals integrated dishes perceived as Jewish indicates mutual influence and makes it evident that there was more Christian interest in Jewish foodways than assumed.
Wearing Many Hats: Chinese Muslim General Bai Chongxi and the Chinese Muslim Association during the War of Resistance
Authors: Hammond Kelly Anne
Published: November 2024

Bai Chongxi’s illustrious military career needs no introduction for military historians. What is less recognized is his influence on the development and integration of Chinese Muslims into the KMT’s national agenda during the War of Resistance. Bai leveraged his military positions to advance the aims of Chinese Muslims through his participation in the first national association for Chinese Muslims. By putting Bai’s military successes and failures during the War of Resistance into conversation with his efforts to mobilize Muslims, we see how his efforts were central to state making and nation building beyond the battlefield. In the ongoing reassessment of the Republican Era, showcasing the contributions of top generals like Bai off the battlefield presents an alternative narrative to the ongoing rehabilitation of the KMT. Bai’s influence furthers our understanding of KMT leaders in the making of modern China beyond the often-solitary focus on Chiang Kai-shek’s particular vision for the Chinese nation.
Artificial Intelligence and Analytic Theology in Chinese Context
Authors: Loke Andrew T. , Lam Kai Yang
Published: November 2024

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is advancing quickly in China, and it has challenged our understanding of human nature and personhood. These challenges underlie some of the negative views which some Christians have towards AI, and these negative views have contributed to the resistance to the development of AI among some segments of global society. This article proposes various ways in which the resources of Analytic Theology (the application of analytic philosophy to Christian theology) can help theologians in China address a list of research questions that AI poses for Christian theology, in engagement with Chinese philosophy. These include developing the arguments for substance dualism, which can potentially offer a metaphysical ground for affirming the distinctiveness of human nature and human rights in comparison with AI, an issue which has been debated by secular ethicists and which has significant implications on societal considerations concerning AI.
Revisiting, Reframing and Recovering Learning Loss: An Arched Impression on Primary Education During Covid Epoch
Authors: Sahu Tarak Nath , Sen Nabanita , Maity Sudarshan
Published: November 2024

Amidst the pandemic phase, students have not learned what they were supposed to learn in normal classroom days while many forgot the lessons taught in pre-pandemic time. As a result of the extended and unprecedented shutdown of schools, educational institutes globally happen to be in a state of unfortunate extremity with prodigious dissipation in the learning process. The present study intended to find out the aspect of learning loss of children consequential to the protracted shutdown of schools. Based on 1200 primary students, the study employs various parametric and non-parametric tests. The study found learning loss about 1.530 points with standard deviation 0.468. Further, though learning loss is not significantly evident among genders but differs regionally. Due to learning loss, numerical skill and hand writing fluency also note a marked difference in many primary classes. The study proposed recommendations for achieving universal primary education during the Covid-19 pandemic era. The study envisaged an exclusive inquiry in the domain of socio-economic literature by scanning the lifestyle patterns of an academic community in a distinct empirical approach. The outcomes delivered from the study undertaken may strive to assist in the formulation of developmental policies for the growth and betterment of future generations.
Exploring the invisible threads: Social determinants of health and emotional self-perception in Colombia
Authors: Patiño-Fernández Lucas , Vélez Álvarez Consuelo , Betancurth Loaiza Diana Paola , Sánchez Palacio Natalia
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Mental health is essential for overall well-being, but it is affected by disorders such as depression and anxiety, which are highly prevalent both globally and regionally. The prevalence of these disorders has risen due to factors such as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, lack of adequate investment in mental health care, and the implementation of low-impact strategies.

Objective:

To establish the social determinants of health associated with the self-perception of sadness, depression, and/or anxiety in people in Colombia. Materials and methods: Using the DESOSA81 tool, a quantitative, cross-sectional study with a correlational phase was conducted with 2,725 participants from the five regions of the Colombian mainland. Data were collected through a digital survey and analyzed using Jamovi software to perform univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses (logistic regression).

Results:

Heterogeneity was found in the predictive determinants between regions. The Amazon presented the regression model with the highest prediction (R2N = 0.650), while Orinoco had the lowest (R2N = 0.503).

Conclusion:

Among the social determinants associated with a greater risk of sadness, depression, and anxiety, those found to have a significant influence on emotional self-perception are female gender, stress, support networks, and social cohesion. Stress management and interpersonal relationship programs, comprehensive family care strategies, and community support should be strengthened. Furthermore, public policies should adopt comprehensive approaches that go beyond the biomedical paradigm.
Testing the associations between poverty stigma and mental health: The role of received stigma and perceived structural stigma
Authors: Inglis Greig , Sosu Edward , McHardy Fiona , Witteveen Isabel , Jenkins Pamela , Knifton Lee
Published: November 2024

Background:

Previous research has documented how people living on low incomes in the United Kingdom (UK) and internationally experience various forms of poverty stigma. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine how experiences of poverty stigma are associated with mental health outcomes.

Methods:

An online, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,000 adults living in predominantly low- and middle-income households in the UK. The survey included a questionnaire designed to measure participants’ experiences of different forms of poverty stigma, as well as measures of anxiety, depression and mental well-being.

Findings:

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the poverty stigma questionnaire supported a two-factor solution. One factor reflected participants’ experiences of being mistreated and judged unfairly by other people because they live on low income (received stigma) and the other factor reflected participants’ perceptions of how people living in poverty are treated by media outlets, public services and politicians (perceived structural stigma). Both received and perceived structural stigma were independently associated with anxiety, depression and mental well-being and these relationships persisted after controlling for socioeconomic indicators. There was also evidence that received stigma and perceived structural stigma partially mediated the relationships between financial hardship and mental health outcomes.

Discussion:

Experiences of received and perceived structural poverty stigma are both associated with mental health and well-being. This suggests that addressing interpersonal and structural forms of poverty stigma may help to narrow socioeconomic inequalities in mental health.
“My Anxiety Has Been Heightened”: Black Mothers’ Concerns Regarding Children’s Return to In-person Learning Following COVID-19-Related Remote Learning
Authors: Coates Erica E. , Brumley Calyn C. , McLeod Alison B. , Hoffman Sarah Barclay , Tall Jasmine , Charlot-Swilley Dominique , Farrise Beauvoir Kaela
Published: November 2024

Black mothers experienced heightened concern about their children returning to in-person learning following COVID-19 related remote learning. Guided by critical race theory and racial protectionism, we sought to deepen our understanding of Black mothers’ concerns and experiences related to their preschoolers’ return to in-person learning during the 2021 to 2022 academic school year. We conducted five focus groups. Eighteen Black mothers (mean age = 32.90 years) of children enrolled in prekindergarten in the recently ended school year participated in a focus group with an average of 4 participants per focus group. Using reflexive thematic analysis, researchers generated the following themes: children contracting COVID-19, classroom closures and instructional concerns, bullying from other students, and school shootings. Study findings provide insight into Black mothers’ protectionism and concerns about educational systems, emphasizing the need to address health and physical safety concerns in early childhood settings to reduce educational disparities.
Hypervelocity impact investigations of composite truss tubes for in orbit assembly risk assessment
Authors: Morton Joseph , Hodges Greyson , Pankow Mark , Lamberson Leslie
Published: November 2024

As the number of orbital structures increases, so does the threat posed by micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) impacts. These impacts range from the ballistic range (less than 1.5 km/s) to exceeding 20 km/s and can significantly weaken space structures such as the International Space Station (ISS), leading to further risk as the debris shed could damage the in-orbit assembly field. Space structures, including the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the in-space assembled telescope (ISAT), often employ fiber-matrix composites in various shapes and sizes. While the effects of hypervelocity impacts (HVI) on flat plate composites have been extensively studied, there is a notable lack of research on HVI of composite tubes. Understanding how MMOD impacts affect the integrity of individual truss members, as well as the structure as a whole is essential for assessing the condition of existing space structures and improving future designs. To replicate MMOD impacts, HVI investigations from 1 to over 3 km/s were conducted on a specialized two-stage light-gas gun, showing the transition from single inlet wall damage to cascading internal fragmentation inside the tube, leading to increased damage with increasing velocity. Our investigation focuses on the image analysis of the damage area and ejecta fragmentation in the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) tubes, as well as quantifying the resulting hole diameter. This data is crucial for validating corresponding computational models. In this study we present three separate methods of characterizing HVI including: impedance matching through equations of state, a hybrid Lagrangian finite element (FE) model using LS-DYNA with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), and experimental investigations. All methods agree that HVI can cause nearly three times the amount of damage within a tube compared to similar conditions on a plate. Our findings help enhance our understanding of MMOD impact risks on existing structures and contribute to the development of systems with greater resilience to HVI.
Emotional Disorders, Distress Tolerance and Suicide Risk: A Mediation Model
Authors: Antuña-Camblor Celia , Esteller-Collado Gabriel , Muñoz-Navarro Roger , Rabito-Alcón María F. , Rodríguez-Díaz Francisco Javier
Published: November 2024

Background: Suicide has been linked to psychopathology, particularly emotional disorders. This study seeks to investigate the mediating role of distress tolerance in the relationship between emotional symptoms and suicide risk. Method: The sample included 1014 adults (33.82% male; M = 33.0, SD = 15.15). Four mediation analyses were performed, controlling for sex, for depressive, anxious, somatizing and obsessive symptoms measured with the Brief Symptom Checklist as the independent variable, distress tolerance, measured with the Distress Tolerance Scale as the mediating variable, and the risk of making a suicide attempt, measured with Risk of Suicide, as the dependent variable. Results: Distress tolerance partially mediated the relationship between emotional symptoms and suicide risk, with Appraisal and Absorption scales positively mediating, and Tolerance negatively mediating. Conclusions: Tolerance of distress plays a role in risk of suicide attempts. Distress tolerance needs to be addressed as a key transdiagnostic factor in reducing suicidal risk.
Refugee Resettlement and Preferences
Authors: Gerver Mollie , Ghosn Faten , Simon Miranda
Published: November 2024

Aid organizations spend considerable time lobbying for aid to be sent to refugees in poorer states, rather than campaigning for more refugees to be resettled to wealthy states. Lawmakers in wealthy countries similarly tend to focus on aiding refugees abroad, rather than resettling more refugees into their countries. One justification raised for focusing on aid rather than resettlement is that refugees prefer to remain in poorer neighboring countries so that they can quickly repatriate when the time is safe. Yet, few have established what refugees’ preferences are. Drawing upon an original data set of a representative sample of Syrian refugees in Lebanon, we find that most prefer remaining to resettling when the details of resettlement are not clarified, but roughly half prefer to resettle if offered certain types of resettlement. We further argue that organizations and states have reason to account for whether preferences are “adaptive.” Such preferences arise when refugees prefer remaining in neighboring countries to resettling only when resettling to other countries is not an option, but would prefer resettling if this option were available. We present a novel philosophical reason for not appealing to adaptive preferences as a justification for not resettling refugees. We further apply a novel experimental method for evaluating whether preferences are adaptive.
The Relationship Between Professional Quality of Life and Work Environment Among Nurses in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Ayed Ahmad , Abu Ejheisheh Moath , Aqtam Ibrahim , Batran Ahmad , Farajallah Mosaab
Published: November 2024

Nurses in intensive care units (ICUs) face high levels of stress and emotional challenges, making it essential to understand the factors that influence their professional quality of life (ProQoL). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between work environment factors and ProQoL, particularly focusing on burnout, compassion satisfaction, and secondary traumatic stress, among ICU nurses. The Professional Quality of Life (ProQoL) Scale was used to measure these aspects, with an emphasis on the importance of a supportive work environment for enhancing staff well-being and organizational performance. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and August 2024, involving 162 ICU nurses from hospitals in the southern West Bank. A stratified random sampling method was employed to ensure representativeness. Data collection involved surveys covering socio-demographic information, the Practice Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI), and the ProQoL scale. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation, were performed using SPSS. The participants were predominantly young, with 61.7% less than 30 years old, and 65.4% were male. Most held a bachelor’s degree (54.9%). The survey indicated that the majority reported average levels of compassion satisfaction (90.7%), burnout (91.4%), and secondary traumatic stress (85.2%). The analysis showed that a moderately positive practice environment was significantly associated with lower levels of burnout and higher levels of compassion satisfaction. Additionally, there was a significant difference in mean Compassion Satisfaction scores according to sleep hours ( F = 5.475, P < .05). Nurses who slept more than 8 h had significantly higher Compassion Satisfaction compared to those who slept less than 8 h or exactly 8 h ( P < .05). ICU nurses generally perceived their work environment positively, though there are opportunities to improve their professional quality of life, particularly by addressing burnout. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and further research to enhance job satisfaction and well-being among ICU nurses.
Where Should We Intervene, 20 Years Later? Case–Control and Prospective Cohort Designs Provide Similar Answers
Authors: Blais Julie , Hanson R. Karl , Harris Andrew J. R.
Published: November 2024

In 2000, this journal published an influential case–control study identifying dynamic risk factors for sexual recidivism (Hanson & Harris, 2000). In 2017, updated recidivism information for the same sample was obtained with an average follow-up of 20 years. The current study compared the risk factors that differentiated between sexual recidivists and nonrecidivists between the two research designs: original case–control and updated prospective cohort. Of the 82 comparisons, 50 favored the prospective design while 32 favored the case–control; however, most of the differences were small and nonsignificant. Static and dynamic risk factors were approximately equivalent between study designs. Factors identified as sex-specific (e.g., sexual deviancy) were also equivalent between designs while general risk factors (e.g., substance use) were more likely identified in the prospective design. Overall, case–control studies can be used for the identification of risk factors, especially for low base rate behaviors such as sexual recidivism.
Development and Indigenous Ecopolitics in Post-Peace Guatemala
Authors: Copeland Nicholas
Published: November 2024

How do Indigenous and peasant political paradigms interact? This essay examines the relationship between Indigenous-ontopolitical critiques of development and peasant-oriented demands for alternative development in the Guatemalan defense of territory (DT), an Indigenous-led alliance against extractive development. Drawing on politically-engaged ethnographic and historical fieldwork, I argue that theories that counterpose indigenous ecological values of reciprocity and human-nature relationality to “development” oversimplify Indigenous responses to the multi-dimensional nature of colonization. I describe how Indigenous cosmological critiques coexist with demands for food sovereignty, agrarian struggles, integral development, and even progressive (redistributive) extraction in territorial defense movements. I suggest that the ascendance of post-development critiques in the DT crowds out heterogeneous demands for anticolonial development, limiting the movement’s potential to present a compelling alternative for marginalized communities. I point to a convergence between some kinds of Indigenous ontopolitics and counterinsurgency efforts to repress radical developmentalism and propose holding critiques of and demands for development in creative tension to strengthen counterhegemonic struggles.
Speech Perception Ability and Subjective Satisfaction After Upgrade of Speech Processor in Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Shin Carson , Kim Jun Yeon , Lee Jee Yeon , Lee Dong Kyu , Joo Hye Ah , Lee Yun Ji , Choi Yeonjoo , Park Hong Ju
Published: November 2024

Objective: Cochlear implant (CI) users face the decision of whether to upgrade to a new sound processor (SP) with technological advances. We wanted to assess the changes of speech perception ability and aided hearing thresholds as well as subjective satisfaction after upgrade to a new SP. Methods: Fifty-five patients who have used CI for 10 years or more and upgraded to a new SP were enrolled. Word recognition scores were assessed before the upgrade and compared to those assessed 1 year after the upgrade to the Nucleus 7 SP. Changes of aided hearing thresholds and C- and T-levels were analyzed. Results: Previous SPs were 3G in 5, Freedom in 40, N5 in 24, and N6 in 6. Speech perception remained relatively unaffected by SP upgrade. The C- and T-levels increased after SP upgrading and the aided thresholds with previous generation SPs were higher than those 1 year after SP upgrading at all frequencies. In questionnaires, subjects felt that there was a definite subjective benefit to upgrading while most (60%) felt no difference regarding the communication in noise. Conclusions: Speech perception remained similar, but there were improved hearing sensitivity and better satisfaction after SP upgrade.
Recycling Behavior amid Disruptions
Authors: Mattar Dorine M. , Saliba Stephanie , Haddad Chloe J.
Published: November 2024

This study highlights key variables affecting Lebanese recycling behavior while revealing the mediation role of intention, and the moderation role that government and appropriate infrastructure might play in encouraging eco-friendly behaviors. Quantitative data collected from 317 respondents were analyzed with the structural equation modeling, using SPSS/AMOS. Findings reveal that attitude, social norms, and awareness affect behavior directly and indirectly through intention, leading to active recycling behaviors, thus highlighting the intention’s partial mediation role. This is not the case for perceived behavioral control. The moderators’ roles are also found insignificant on the intentions/behaviors relationship. Since findings did not fully support the theory of planned behavior adopted for recycling behaviors, the theory’s validation seems to be contingent on the context in which it is being tested, especially in a developing, financially collapsed country. Findings imply that the waste management market should be liberalized, anytime trust in a corrupted government is lost.
Determinants of Citizen Trust in Public Institutions in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud Rifat
Published: November 2024

Institutional trust is an essential indicator in the governance mechanism involving citizens’ confidence in public institutions. The article main goal is to shed light on the theoretical insights into the field of trust in public institutions and what determines the degree of citizen trust in public institutions in Bangladesh. Methodologically, the article is a content analysis involving a literature review of vast secondary materials on books, journals, and websites regarding institutional trust which has been used, interpreted, and reinterpreted to validate the arguments. The article presents an analysis that cultural variables have the strongest overall effect on variations in citizens’ trust in public institutions in Bangladesh than institutional or performance variables. Social capital and authoritarianism tend to override the service satisfaction and quality of government variables in determining the trust level in public institutions in Bangladesh.
Latent Profile Analysis of Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Influencing Factors
Authors: Chen Yanxia , Wang Hui , Yang Yiling , Li Jiale , Luo Tingyu , Wei Huixin , Wei Fengxiang , Chen Weiqiang
Published: November 2024

Background:

Sleep problems are prevalent among individuals diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), significantly impacting their overall quality of life.

Objective:

This study sought to adopt a person-centered methodology to unveil the latent profiles of sleep quality and identify factors influencing sleep patterns in patients with GDM.

Methods:

The cross-sectional study gathered sociodemographic features, clinical information, sleep problems (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), personality traits (Type D Personality Scale), social support (Perceived Social Support Scale), and self-efficacy (General Self-efficacy Scale). Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify profiles of sleep quality, while multinomial logistic regression was employed to ascertain the factors influencing these identified profiles.

Results:

Among the 431 participants, 423 (98.1%) completed the questionnaire, with 53.0% reporting moderate-to-poor sleep quality. This study identified 4 distinct profiles of sleep quality among patients with GDM: the “good sleep quality” group (47.0%), the “poor sleep quality—long sleep duration” group (10.0%), the “moderate sleep quality” group (25.3%), and the “poor sleep quality—short sleep duration” group (17.7%). Individuals with type D personality were associated with the “poor sleep quality—long sleep duration” [odds ratio (OR) = 3.21, P = .005], “moderate sleep quality” (OR = 2.65, P = .003), and “poor sleep quality—short sleep duration” group (OR = 2.31, P = .018). Individuals with a history of GDM were associated with “poor sleep quality—long sleep duration” group (OR = 3.46, P = .005).

Conclusions:

The research revealed significant classification characteristics of sleep quality in patients with GDM, offering valuable insights for tailoring interventions to address distinct subcategories of sleep-related issues.
Working with people living with motor neurone disease and the impact on professionals’ emotional and psychological well-being: A scoping review
Authors: Walls Megan , Claffey Austin , Mockler David , Galvin Miriam
Published: November 2024

Background:

Integrated multidisciplinary care is required to manage the progressive and debilitating symptoms associated with motor neurone disease. Professionals can find providing the level of care required by this population clinically and emotionally challenging. To support those working with these patients it is important to understand the experience of the entire multidisciplinary team involved and the impact of working with motor neurone disease on their emotional and psychological well-being.

Aim:

To identify what is known about (1) healthcare professionals’ experience of working with motor neurone disease and (2) the impact of this work on their emotional and psychological well-being.

Design:

Scoping review. Review protocol registered on Open Science Framework.

Sources:

Five electronic databases were searched in January 2023 and 2024. Grey literature and hand searches were completed.

Results:

Fifty-one sources published between 1990 and 2023 were included. A total of 1692 healthcare professionals are represented. Three main categories were identified: (1) The demands of providing motor neurone disease care. (2) Factors influencing professionals’ ability to provide desired levels of care. (3) The emotional impact of working with motor neurone disease. Subcategories are depicted within these.

Conclusion:

Positive experiences included job satisfaction, enhanced perspective and receiving gratitude, while negative implications such as stress, emotional exhaustion and burnout also featured. The demands of motor neurone disease patient care, the organisation of services and resources required to meet patient and family needs and the emotional burden for professionals involved, warrant greater recognition in clinical practice, guidelines and future research.
Differential vulnerability among cell types in the neurovascular unit: Description and mechanisms
Authors: Brookshier Allison , Lyden Patrick
Published: November 2024

Currently, successful preclinical cerebroprotective agents fail to translate effectively into clinical practice suggesting the need for a comprehensive evaluation of all aspects of brain function. Selective vulnerability refers to the specific regional response of the brain following global ischemia, with observed patterns of vulnerability attributed to the distribution of neuronal subtypes and the functions of respective brain regions. Conversely, the concept of differential vulnerability pertains to the cell-type-specific reactions to cerebral ischemia, dictated by the biological characteristics of individual cells. This review aims to explore these vulnerability hypotheses and elucidate potential underlying cellular mechanisms.
Electrical Resistivity Testing of Concrete Cylinders: Bias, Precision, and Use in Process Control
Authors: Chopperla Krishna Siva Teja , de Siqueira Neto Luiz Antonio , Isgor Osman Burkan , Weiss William Jason
Published: November 2024

Electrical resistivity is increasingly used as a test method to assess the transport properties of concrete. This paper describes an interlaboratory study that was conducted to determine precision and bias for resistivity measurements made in surface and bulk configurations of concrete cylinders. Tests were performed following AASHTO T 358-22 and AASHTO T 402-23. A verification device is introduced with a known resistivity (and impedance) to aid in determining the bias associated with resistivity measurements. However, this device can also be used as a training tool and as a tool to evaluate the qualifications of those new to performing the test. Concrete cylinders were prepared, cured, and conditioned using three methods: immersed in simulated pore solution, sealed, and immersed in lime solution. The samples were tested to determine the precision in the resistivity measurements of the samples for the different curing conditions. The paper discusses how resistivity testing can be used for quality control testing as well as quality acceptance. The results were used to develop precision and bias statements for resistivity measurements, which have been adopted in the latest American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASTHO) standards.
Collaboration, Organizational Capacity, and Sustainability: The Cross-Sector Governance of Smart Cities
Authors: Abutabenjeh Sawsan , Dimand Ana-Maria , Brunjes Benjamin M. , Azhar Annus , Nukpezah Julius
Published: November 2024

Interactions with other organizations likely influence how local governments confront complex problems. Drawing on theories of collaborative governance, we investigate the extent to which collaboration affects U.S. local governments’ prioritization of the sustainability benefits of Smart Cities Technologies (SCT). Using data from the International City/County Management Association (ICMA) 2016 Smart Cities Survey and the U.S. Census Bureau, we find that collaboration with local, regional, and private sector partners influences the extent to which local governments prioritize the sustainability benefits of SCT. Organizational capacity is also an important predictor of perceived benefits of SCT. Our findings suggest a hidden side of boundary spanning, suggesting that collaboration can enhance opportunities for sustainability technologies.
Judicial Review as a Second Stage of Land Use Approvals: The Case of Patrick Farm
Authors: Huennekens Joseph Weil
Published: November 2024

In the United States, courts can review zoning decisions and overturn local approvals. Judicial review doesn’t just stall projects, it alters land use governance. This paper uses a case study approach to investigate a highly litigated suburban multifamily development project. The case demonstrates how courts have become a de facto second stage of approvals. This has important implications for planning. Courts privilege abstract, technical, and procedural arguments and they elevate different land use actors to the fore. Pervasive judicial review also imbues planning work with future legal import, changing practices within the municipal system.
Risk assessment study on the impact of sitting posture on lumbar vibration injury based on finite element method and neural network
Authors: Zhu Shuai , Zhang KaiFeng , Zheng ShiFu , Dong RuiChun , Yu ShiHong , Gao Xiang , Wang ZhongLong
Published: November 2024

Different driving postures may alter the impact of vibrations on the lumbar spine. This study explores the influence of posture on the lumbar spine by analyzing the risk of intervertebral disc vibration injury. Initially, Python language was utilized to develop code to obtain 48 different postural three-dimensional finite element models of the human-chair system. Subsequently, these models underwent harmonic response analyses at frequencies of 5, 7, and 9 Hz, with the maximum Von Mises stress on the L4–L5 intervertebral disc used to calculate the risk factor. Finally, a neural network model was trained using the frequency and posture angles as input values and the risk factor as the output values, enabling prediction of intervertebral disc risk factors in more precise sitting postures. The findings reveal that the posture of the upper body plays a primary role in influencing the lumbar spine, with the thigh posture having a greater impact when the upper body is closer to a vertical position, while the influence of the lower leg posture is minimal. Across all three frequencies, the optimal angle for the upper body is 109°, 109°, 115°, and for the thighs, it is 90°, 90°, 100°. A higher risk factor is observed when the upper body is angled between 90° and 100°. Conversely, an upper body angle between 110° and 120° is deemed acceptable. Vibration at 9 Hz had the greatest impact on the risk of lumbar injury when the upper body is in or close to a vertical sitting position.
Public opposition to fuel taxes in Europe: how important is social disadvantage and how do welfare regimes compare?
Authors: Büchs Milena , Bastianelli Elena , Schnepf Sylke V
Published: November 2024

Fuel taxes are seen as an important instrument in the fight against climate change, including in the European Green Deal. From a social-ecological policy perspective, it is important to understand current high levels of public opposition to fuel taxes. If social disadvantage is an important driver of opposition, this would strengthen arguments that fuel taxes need to be designed in a fairer way. However, it remains unclear how important social disadvantage – here defined as a combination of low income, fuel poverty risk, low education, low occupational status and job insecurity – is for explaining opposition compared to factors such as political trust and climate change attitudes, and how the role of social disadvantage varies with welfare regimes in Europe. In this article, we examine how strongly social disadvantage is associated with opposition to fuel taxes once political trust and climate change attitudes are controlled for, and we compare results across welfare regimes. The article uses data from the 2016 European Social Survey and employs logistic regression and decomposition analysis. We find that social disadvantage contributes nearly as much to fuel tax opposition as climate change attitudes and political trust together, with 10.9 and 16.6 percentage points respectively. However, the role of social disadvantage varies by welfare regime. It matters most in Southern and Eastern Europe, where opposition is particularly high, as are poverty and inequality. We discuss implications for social-ecological policy strategies that aim to increase public acceptability of fuel taxes in Europe.