bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the effect of opening position across an isolated building for wind-driven cross ventilation
Authors: Moey Lip Kean , Chan Kar Lit , Tai Vin Cent , Go Tze Fong , Chong Perk Lin
Published: June 2021

This study investigates the effect of opening position on the indoor airflow of a natural ventilated isolated building model. Furthermore, the opening configuration which generate the highest ventilation is to be determined. Seven different opening configurations were considered by varying the opening position on the windward and leeward walls which include three cases of aligned openings and four non-aligned openings. Models with different opening position were simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with 3D RANS turbulence model Shear Stress Transport (SST) k- ω. Simulation result indicates the indoor air velocity as well as pressure distribution highly depends on both inlet and outlet opening positioning. Different opening configuration influences the recirculation zone generated within the building model. Comparison shows openings located near the roof generate 6.52% higher ventilation rate compared to openings located near the ground. The study concludes that opening position holds a crucial role in affecting internal airflow pattern, air recirculation and ventilation rate for a natural cross ventilated building.
Preparation and properties of nano-TiO2-Chinese herbal medicine composite wood
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqi , Wang Jie , Wang Lei , Ren Shiming , Hu Zheng , Wang Yamei
Published: June 2021

The sol-gel method was used to make nano-TiO2 and five Chinese herbal medicines of Sophora flavescens Alt., Hypericum perforatum L., Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss., Kochia scoparia (L.), and Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. to prepare five kinds of nano-TiO2-Chinese herbal medicine composite anti-degradative wood. Populus tomentosa Carr was chosen as the wood sample. Indoor decay resistance test results showed that the resistance to weight gain and decay of nano-TiO2-Chinese herbal medicine composite anti-degradative wood noticeably increased compared with either Chinese herbal medicine modified wood or nano-TiO2 modified wood, reaching a strong decay resistance level. The results of the anti-loss test showed that the magnitude of loss of wood samples treated with nano-TiO2 and Chinese herbal medicine was noticeably reduced compared with that with just Chinese herbal medicine. It was found by scanning electron microscopy that the nano-TiO2 particles and the Chinese herbal medicine enter the wood cell cavity, and the wood vessels and pits were the main permeation channels. Fourier transform infrared analysis results showed that nano-TiO2 could not only enter the wood interior, and associate with wood components through physical adsorption to form hydrogen bonds, but also through the carboxyl groups in cellulose and hemicellulose, or the phenolic hydroxyl group in lignin, forming a coordinated chemical bond to fix it in the wood component.
Nanocellulose characterization challenges
Authors: Balea Ana , Blanco Angeles , Delgado-Aguilar Marc , Monte M. Concepcion , Tarrés Quim , Fuente Elena , Mutjé Per , Negro Carlos
Published: June 2021

Despite the extraordinary properties of nanocellulose (NC), as confirmed through two decades of exhaustive research, addressing an array of potential applications, the NC market is still far from reaching its full potential. Among the main causes is the lack of process-adapted measuring tools capable of characterizing NC, at acceptable speed and reliability, to meet the industrial demands in a cost-effective way. Therefore, reliable characterization methodologies of NC and new standards are of paramount importance in ensuring reproducible research results and quality control specifications for present and future NC products and applications. Furthermore, the successful industrial use of NC products depends on critical parameters that are still being identified and studied. This review paper aims to identify some of the current drawbacks and limitations in NC characterization that hinder their commercial deployment. Moreover, important challenges related to characterization and new opportunities for future research in this field are addressed.
Cotton-based flame-retardant textiles: A review
Authors: Islam Md. Shahidul , van de Ven Theo. G. M.
Published: June 2021

Biodegradable textiles made from cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer, have gained attention from researchers, due to the ease with which cellulose can be chemically modified to introduce multifunctional groups, and because of its renewable and biodegradable nature. One of the most attractive features required for civilian and military applications of textiles is flame-retardancy. This review focuses on various methods employed for the fabrication of cellulose-based flame-retardant cotton textiles along with their developed flame-retardant properties over the last few years. The most common method is to merge N, S, P, and Si-based polymeric, non-polymeric, polymeric/non-polymeric hybrids, inorganic, and organic/inorganic hybrids with cellulose to fabricate flame-retardant cotton textiles. In these studies, cellulose was chemically bonded with the flame-retardants or in some cases, cotton textiles were coated by flame-retardants. The flame-retardant properties of the cotton textiles were investigated and determined by various methods, including the limiting oxygen index (LOI), the vertical flame test, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and by cone calorimetry. This review demonstrates the potential of cellulose-based flame-retardant textiles for various applications.
EPR study of interlayer interaction in Gd2O3/Fe nanostructure
Authors:   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kasumov A. M. , Dmitriev A. I. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bataiev Yu. M. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bataiev M. M. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Karavaeva V. M. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Korotkov K. A. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ievtushenko A. I. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: June 2021

In this work, a nanoscale structure consisting of contacting layers of a metal of the iron subgroup and a rare earth metal oxide (REM) is considered. Such nanostructures have an interesting feature, which is that as a result of the contact of these layers, an increase in the galvanomagnetic, magneto-optical and kinetic properties of ferromagnetic metals are observed. Presumably, the enhancement is due to an increase in the magnetization of these metals, caused by the exchange f - d interaction between the unfilled f- and d-electron shells of the atoms that make up the contacting layers. The aim of this work is to find the possibility of such f - d exchange interaction by the EPR method. To compose the studied nanostructure, Fe used as it has the strongest magnetic properties in its subgroup. Gd2O3 was used as an REM oxide as one of the few oxides giving a significant signal in the EPR region. The Gd2O3/Fe nanostructure created by sequential electron-beam deposition of Gd2O3 and Fe layers on a sitall substrate. The thickness of the oxide and metal layers was 68 and 112 nm, respectively. EPR spectra were recorded at room temperature on a computerized spectrometer Radiopan 2547 SE / X at the frequency of 9.3 GHz. The set of the obtained spectra was processed using the OriginPro and MatLab programs, which confirmed their compliance with the Lorentz model. From the experimentally obtained EPR linewidth, the parameter of the exchange f - d interaction is determined under the condition of a number of assumptions. The value of the g-factor is also found. Comparison of the EPR parameters of the spectra of individual layers of Gd2O3 and Fe with the spectra of the Gd2O3/Fe nanostructure composed of them, including the value of the g factor and the exchange interaction parameter, suggests that the presence of an iron layer affects the EPR spectrum of the REM oxide layer Gd2O3. The exchange interaction parameter increases from 985 to 4685 (rel. units), the g-factor decreases from 3.5 to 2.4. The most probable reason for the change in the spectrum is the exchange f - d interaction between atoms with unfilled f- and d-electron shells that are parts of the contacting layers.
Preventing COVID-19 Transmission in Education Settings
Authors: Kaiser Sunitha V. , Watson Annalisa , Dogan Basak , Karmur Akash , Warren Kristen , Wang Phoebe , Camano Sosa Melisa , Olarte Apryl , Dorsey Sherrice , Su Maria , Brown Lillian , Sachdev Darpun , Bardach Naomi S.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES

In fall 2020, community hubs opened in San Francisco, California, to support vulnerable groups of students in remote learning. Our objectives were to (1) describe adherence to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mitigation policies in these urban, low-income educational settings; (2) assess associations between policy adherence and in-hub COVID-19 transmission; and (3) identify barriers to and facilitators of adherence.

METHODS

We conducted a mixed-methods study from November 2020 to February 2021. We obtained COVID-19 case data from the San Francisco Department of Public Health, conducted field observations to observe adherence to COVID-19 mitigation policies, and surveyed hub leaders about barriers to and facilitators of adherence. We summarized quantitative data using descriptive statistics and qualitative data using thematic content analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 1738 children were enrolled in 85 hubs (39% Hispanic, 29% Black). We observed 54 hubs (n = 1175 observations of children and 295 observations of adults). There was high community-based COVID-19 incidence (2.9–41.2 cases per 100 000 residents per day), with 36 cases in hubs and only 1 case of hub-based transmission (adult to adult). Sixty-seven percent of children and 99% of adults were masked. Fifty-five percent of children and 48% of adults were distanced ≥6 ft. Facilitators of mitigation policies included the following: for masking, reminders, adequate supplies, and “unmasking zones”; for distancing, reminders and distanced seating.

CONCLUSIONS

We directly observed COVID-19 mitigation in educational settings, and we found variable adherence. However, with promotion of multiple policies, there was minimal COVID-19 transmission (despite high community incidence). We detail potential strategies for increasing adherence to COVID-19 mitigation.
Assessment of seasonal variation of the bioactive oleuropein in Olea europaea L. leaves cultivated in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqarni Mohammed Hamed , Salkini Mohamad Ayman , Alam Prawez , Alanazi Mazen Talal , Abdel-Kader Maged Saad , El Sohafy Samah M.
Published: June 2021

Plants secondary metabolites undergoes qualitative and quantitative variation due to environmental and growth factors. It is a crucial factor to select the proper time for collection of medicinal plants to assure maximum content of active components reflected as maximum efficacy. Olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) are known traditionally for their antidiabetic effect. The secoiridoid glycoside oleuropein is the main active component of Olive leaves responsible for the biological activity. The current study was conducted to monitor the seasonal variation of oleuropein in Olives leaves collected from the same location. To achieve this goal a validated HPLC method following the ICH guidelines was established. Separation was conducted using RP18 column and a mobile phase consisted of ultrapure water containing 20% acetonitrile and 1% acetic acid. Detection was performed at 254 nm with 1 mL/min flow rate. The method was simple, linear, accurate, precise, specific and robust. The analyses revealed considerable variations in the level of oleuropein throughout the year. This variation cannot be explained by temperature variation during the year. Two points of high levels of oleuropein were detected prior to flowering stage and ripening of the fruits. The levels of growth regulators most likely is responsible for the increased production of oleuropein. It is recommended that leaves intended for medicinal use to be collected during the fruiting stage prior to fruit ripening.
DESIGNING HEDGE ALGEBRAIC CONTROLLER AND OPTIMIZING BY GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR SERIAL ROBOTS ADHERING TRAJECTORIES
Authors: Duy Nguyen Tien , Vuong Vu Duc
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the application of hedge algebras in the field of control has been studied. The results show that this approach has many advantages. In additions, industrial robots are being well-developed and extensively used, especially in the industrial revolution 4.0. Accurate control of industrial robots is a class of problems that many scientists are interested in. In this paper, we design a controller based on hedge algebra for serial robots. The control rule is given by linguistic rule base system. The goal is to accurately control the moving robot arm which adheres given trajectories. Optimization of fuzzy parameters for the controller is done by genetic algorithms. The system has been simulated on the Matlab-Simulink software. The simulation results show that the orbital deviation is very small. Moreover, the controller worked well with correct control quality. This result once presents the simplicity and efficiency of the hedge algebras approach to control.
EFFICIENT METAHEURISTIC ALGORITHMS FOR THE MULTI-STRIPE TRAVELLING SALESMAN PROBLEM
Authors: Bang Ban Ha
Published: June 2021

The Multi-stripe Travelling Salesman Problem (Ms-TSP) is an extension of the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). In the \textit{q}-stripe TSP with $q \geq 1$, the objective function sums the costs for travelling from one customer to each of the next \textit{q} customers along the tour. The resulting \textit{q}-stripe TSP generalizes the TSP and forms a special case of the Quadratic Assignment Problem. To solve medium and large size instances, a metaheuristic algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm has two main components, which are construction and improvement phases. The construction phase generates a solution using Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) while the optimization phase improves the solution with several variants of Variable Neighborhood Search, both coupled with a technique called Shaking Technique to escape from local optima. In addition, Adaptive Memory is integrated into our algorithms to balance between the diversification and intensification. To show the efficiency of our proposed metaheuristic algorithms, we extensively experiment on benchmark instances. The results indicate that the developed algorithms can produce efficient and effective solutions at a reasonable computation time.
SOME NEW RESULTS ON AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF VIETNAMESE FOLK SONGS CHEO AND QUANHO
Authors: Thanh Chu Ba , Loan Trinh Van , Quang Nguyen Hong
Published: June 2021

Vietnamese folk songs are very rich in genre and content. Identifying Vietnamese folk tunes will contribute to the storage and search for information about these tunes automatically. The paper will present an overview of the classification of music genres that have been performed in Vietnam and abroad. For two types of very popular folk songs of Vietnam such as Cheo and Quan ho, the paper describes the dataset and GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model) to perform the experiments on identifying some of these folk songs. The GMM used for experiment with 4 sets of parameters containing MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients), energy, first derivative and second derivative of MFCC and energy, tempo, intensity, and fundamental frequency. The results showed that the parameters added to the MFCCs contributed significantly to the improvement of the identification accuracy with the appropriate values of Gaussian component number M. Our experiments also showed that, on average, the length of the excerpts was only 29.63% of the whole song for Cheo and 38.1% of the whole song for Quan ho, the identification rate was only 3.1% and 2.33% less than the whole song for Cheo and Quan ho respectively.
INCREMENTALLY UPDATING APPROXIMATION IN INCOMPLETE INFORMATION SYSTEMS UNDER THE VARIATION OF OBJECTS
Authors: Huyen Tran Thi Thanh , Ba Dung Le , Do Van Nguyen , Van Dinh Mai
Published: June 2021

Rough membership functions in covering approximation space not only give numerical characterizations of covering-based rough set approximations, but also establish the relationship between covering-based rough sets and fuzzy covering-based rough sets. In this paper, we introduce a new method to update the approximation sets with rough membership functions in covering approximation space. Firstly, we present the third types of rough membership functions and study their properties. And then, we consider the change of them while simultaneously adding and removing objects in the information system. Based on that change, we propose a method for updating the approximation sets when the objects vary over time.
A TWO-CHANNEL MODEL FOR REPRESENTATION LEARNING IN VIETNAMESE SENTIMENT CLASSIFICATION PROBLEM
Authors: Nguyen Quan Hoang , Vu Ly , Nguyen Quang Uy
Published: June 2021

Sentiment classification (SC) aims to determine whether a document conveys a positive or negative opinion. Due to the rapid development of the digital world, SC has become an important research topic that affects many aspects of our life. In SC based on machine learning, the representation of the document strongly influences on its accuracy. Word Embedding (WE)-based techniques, i.e., Word2vec techniques, are proved to be beneficial techniques to the SC problem. However, Word2vec is often not enough to represent the semantic of documents with complex sentences of Vietnamese. In this paper, we propose a new representation learning model called a \textbf{two-channel vector} to learn a higher-level feature of a document in SC. Our model uses two neural networks to learn the semantic feature, i.e., Word2vec and the syntactic feature, i.e., Part of Speech tag (POS). Two features are then combined and input to a \textit{Softmax} function to make the final classification. We carry out intensive experiments on $4$ recent Vietnamese sentiment datasets to evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model can significantly enhance the accuracy of SC problems compared to two single models and a state-of-the-art ensemble method.
SET DECIPHERABLE LANGUAGES AND GENERATORS
Authors: Duc Tran Vinh
Published: June 2021

We investigate the problem to characterize whether the infinite product of a given language $L$ is generated by an $\omega$-code. Up to now, this problem is open even if language $L$ is a finite language.In this work, we consider a class of languages named $\omega$-set decipherable languages which are very close to the $\omega$-codes. We solve the problem in the restricted case where $L$ is $\omega$-set decipherable and $L^*$ is the greatest generator of $L^\omega$.
Years of potential life lost from cardiovascular diseases of the economically active Russian population in 2013-2019
Authors: Samorodskaya E. V. , Semenov V. Yu.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To analyze the changes in years of potential life lost (YPLL) from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) of the economically active Russian population in 2013-2019.

Material and methods. YPLL was estimated according to the Global Burden of Disease reports at the age of 15-72 years for 2013-2019. The required data were obtained from the annual reports of Federal State Statistics Service. Nonstandardized YPLL was estimated using the following equation: YPLL= ƩDi x ai, where Di is the absolute number of deaths at age I, ai — years not lived. The calculation was carried out for all-cause mortality and separately for CVDs (coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular diseases, bleeding and strokes, and other CVDs).

Results. In 2013-2019, there is a decrease in YPLL from all causes, including CVDs. In 2013, YPLL amounted to 14,918,7 years per 100000 economically active population, while in 2019 — 12199,9 years; from CVDs — 4471,6 and 3748,1 years, respectively. YPLL from CAD decreased by 21,5%, from MI — by 23,9%, from bleeding and strokes — by 17%. The rate of YPLL decline in 2014 compared to 2013 was 0,9%. Further, the rate of decline increased, reaching a maximum of 7,6% in 2017 compared to 2016. The differences in YPLL from all causes and CVDs between men and women are almost threefold, as well as from MI and CAD — 4,4 and 3,8 times, respectively. The contribution of CVDs to YPLL from all causes amounted to a maximum of 30,8% in 2018. The contribution of CAD to YPLL from CVDs decreased from 48,0% in 2013 to 44,9% in 2019. The contribution of MI to YPLL from CVDs in men (in 2019, 8%) is less than the contribution of alcoholic and unspecified cardiomyopathy (13,6%), while in women — 5,6% and 11,4%, respectively. There are no data on deaths from heart defects.

Conclusion. The change in the YPLL from specific CVD causes occurs unevenly (by year and sex). MI, deaths from which is one of the key parameters of targeted mortality reduction programs, has a smaller effect on the YPLL level than cardiomyopathy, including alcoholic. To reduce mortality and YPLL at the economically active age, it is necessary to correct target programs.
Osteoporosis and antithrombotic therapy
Authors: Brailova N. V. , Dudinskaya E. N. , Kuznesova V. A. , Tkacheva O. N.
Published: June 2021

Anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents are used to prevent stroke and thromboembolic events. There is insufficient data on the effect of these drugs on bone tissue. In addition, the available data are ambiguous, which increases suspicion when used in individuals at high risk of osteoporosis. The article provides data on the effect of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents on bone metabolism, bone mineral density and the fracture risk. Literature data indicate a negative effect of heparin on bone tissue, which is increase the risk of fractures. Low molecular weight heparins has lower effect on bone tissue than heparin. It is known that vitamin K antagonists significantly affect bone metabolism and markers of bone formation, however, data on the effect on bone mineral density and the risk of fractures are contradictory. Direct oral anticoagulants are relatively safe in relation to bone tissue. Data on the effects of antiplatelet drugs on bone are ambiguous.
Predictive potential of cardiovascular risk factors and their associations with arterial stiffness in people of European and Korean ethnic groups
Authors: Brodskaya T. A. , Nevzorova V. A. , Shakhgeldyan K. I. , Geltser B. I. , Vrazhnov D. A. , Kistenev Yu. V.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To compare the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on aortic stiffness in people of European and East Asian ethnic groups.

Material and methods. A total of 266 patients aged 18-60 years of European (n=133) and Korean (n=133) ethnic groups were examined. Clinical assessment was carried, Also, following blood parameters was evaluated: total cholesterol (TC), low- (LDL-C) and high- (HDL-C) density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins A (apo-A) and B (apo-B), triglycerides (TG), uric acid, creatinine, glucose, adiponectin, resistin. The aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central blood pressure (CBP) were determined using a Tensiomed arteriograph (Hungary). The study design included 3 stages. The first stage included statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney, χ2, Fisher tests, while the second one — determination of weighing coefficients of individual risk factors on aortic PWV. The third stage consists of verification of the relationship between ethnicity and aortic PWV using multivariate logistic regression and stochastic gradient boosting (SGB).

Results. In Europeans, the median values of growth, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio were significantly higher, while the levels of apo-B, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG was significantly lower than in Asians. Koreans had higher blood concentrations of UA, creatinine, glucose, while the resistin concentration was 1,8 times lower. Among Europeans, the odds ratio of developing hypertension (HTN) was significantly higher. The level of aortic PWV in people of different ethnic groups did not differ significantly. Univariate logistic regression showed a dominant influence of age, CPP and waist-to-height ratio on aortic PWV. A less noticeable significant relationship with aortic PWV had HTN, female sex, BMI, levels of systolic, diastolic and pulse BP. Multivariate logistic regression and SGB showed the maximum prediction accuracy when 5 predictors were combined in one model: age, height, HTN, LDL-C, and ethnicity. Comparable accuracy was demonstrated by a model where glucose level was used instead of LDL-C. The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between the ethnic factor and aortic PWV. Its predictive potential was realized only in combination with functional and metabolic status parameters of patients. In Koreans, the threshold values of these factors can be significantly higher than in Europeans.

Conclusion. Developed using modern machine learning technologies, the assessment aortic PWV models taking into account the ethnic factor can be a useful tool for processing and analyzing data in predictive studies.
Associations of dietary patterns and abdominal obesity in the adult population. Results of the Russian epidemiological ESSE-RF study
Authors: Karamnova N. S. , Shalnova S. A. , Rytova A. I. , Shvabskaya O. B. , Makarova Yu. K. , Balanova Yu. A. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Imaeva A. E. , Kapustina A. V. , Muromtseva G. A. , Maksimov S. A. , Yarovaya E. B. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: June 2021

Abdominal obesity (AO) is an alimentary-dependent risk factor, the development and prognosis of which is directly specified by eating habits.

Aim. To study the associations of dietary patterns and AO among the adult Russian population.

Material and methods. The analysis was carried out using representative samples of male and female population aged 25-64 years (n=19297; men, 7342; women, 11,955) from 13 Russian regions. The response was about 80%. Nutrition was assessed based on the prevalence of consumption of the main food groups forming the daily diet. Results are presented as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results. Men with AO, compared with men without AO, more often consume red meat and vegetables/fruits daily by 12% and 13%, respectively, as well as less often eat cereals and pasta, confectionery, sour cream, and cottage cheese by 17%, 24%, 14%, and 19%, respectively. In women with AO, compared to women without AO, there are more differences in the diet, as they more often daily consume red meat by 28%, fish and seafood by 26%, poultry by 23%, meat and sausages and fruits/vegetables by 14%, milk, kefir, yogurt by 11%, as well as less often — cereals and pasta, sweets, and sour cream by 11%, 14%, and 8%, respectively. In women with AO, the prevalence and amount of drinking beer and dry wines is lower, but they consume spirits more frequently (p=0,0001), but without significant differences in amount. Men with AO have a higher prevalence and amount of drinking dry and fortified wines, as well as strong alcoholic drinks. Men with AO drinks higher amount of beer. In addition, men with AO showed a positive association with alcohol consumption (χ=53,64, p<0,0001), while women with AO had a negative association (χ=28,64, p<0,0001). Cardioprotective eating habits are more often (17%) present among people with AO without sex differences.

Conclusion. The study revealed significant differences in dietary patterns of persons with AO compared with those without AO, most pronounced in women.
Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in rural residents of the Altai Krai: data from the ESSE-RF study
Authors: Aleksentseva A. V. , Osipova I. V. , Repkina T. V.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To study the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors for noncommunicable diseases among rural residents of the Altai Krai.

Material and methods. The object is a sample of male and female population obtained during the ESSE-RF study. The survey was conducted using a standard questionnaire. We assessed the level of blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol, height, weight of the respondents. The study involved 765 people living in rural areas aged 25-64 years, 35,4% of whom were men (n=271) and 64,6% — women (n=494). The mean age was 44,8±11,6 and 45,6±11,8, respectively.

Results. The prevalence of hypertension was 40,3% (men, 42,1%; women, 39,4%). In addition, 77,6% of the respondents were informed about their blood pressure. With age, the incidence of elevated blood pressure increases, from 13,8% at 25-34 years to 64% in the 55-64 age group. Obesity was revealed in 34,2% of the population (men, 22,4%; women, 44,9%). Hypercholesterolemia occurs in 56,2% (men, 45,9%; women, 62,4%). The prevalence of diabetes was 4,3% (men, 2,2%; women, 5,7%). The prevalence of smoking in the sample was 24,1% (men, 50,9%; women, 9,6%). Excessive salt intake was found in 60,4%, insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits — in 62,1% of respondents.

Conclusion. The study made it possible to assess the prevalence of risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in rural residents of the Altai Krai. Analysis shows that smoking dominates in men, while obesity and hypercholesterolemia — in women. Among the representatives of both sexes, a high rate of low physical activity and poor nutrition was noted. The data obtained determines the need and priorities for preventive measures to increase the motivation of residents to follow a healthy lifestyle.
Factors associated with carotid plaque burden in the adult general population
Authors: Kaveshnikov V. S. , Trubacheva I. A. , Serebryakova V. N.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To study the relationship between carotid plaque burden and conventional, behavioral, and social cardiovascular risk factors.

Material and methods. The object of the study was 469 people (women, 49%) from a representative sample of the general population aged 25-64 years (crosssectional ESSE-RF study) with the presence of one or more atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries. The study participants underwent cardiac screening and carotid ultrasound. All respondents signed informed consent. The number of involved segments and the average plaque height were studied. The associative analysis included blocks of conventional, social, and behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The study of relationships was carried out using linear and log-linear models. An error probability <5% was considered significant.

Results. According to multivariate analysis, age (in men), male sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol, heart rate, alcohol abuse, statin and β-blocker therapy were interrelated with the number of involved segments. In turn, the average plaque size was associated with age (in men), male sex, higher education, alcohol abuse, smoking, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.

Conclusion. The results obtained confirm the leading role of age (in men), smoking, SBP, total cholesterol, β-blockers as indicators of the number of involved segments. Alcohol abuse and heart rate have shown associations between the ages of 40-50 years and thus may contribute to premature atherosclerosis. Key role of age (in men), sex (among those ≥50 years old), and educational status in average plaque height in this study was confirmed. A significant contribution was also made by alcohol abuse, smoking, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. The obtained data do not confirm the hypothesis about the contribution of atherogenic lipoproteins and SBP to average plaque height. The study results can be useful for studying the plaque burden role in risk stratification and further development of cardiovascular prevention.
A patient with atrial fibrillation and diabetes: selecting the optimal anticoagulant therapy regimen
Authors: Obrezan A. G. , Filippov A. E. , Obrezan A. A.
Published: June 2021

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Patients with diabetes are at higher risk of AF than those without it. There is an increased risk of dysglycemia in AF. Patients with AF and concomitant diabetes are more likely to have coronary artery disease, hypertension, heart failure, while strokes in patients with AF and diabetes are more severe. Diabetes, in turn, causes the angiopathies and cardiopathy. There is a higher risk of both thrombotic and bleeding events in patients with AF and T2D. The article discusses the mutual burden of T2D and AF, as well as the risk scores for thrombotic, thromboembolic, and bleeding events. Anticoagulant therapy takes a special place in improving the prognosis in AF patients. Numerous studies and actual clinical practice have demonstrated the effectiveness of anticoagulants in the prevention of stroke and other comorbidities.
Türkiye'de Plum pox virus’un altı yıllık ülkesel sürvey ve eradikasyon programının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Birişik Nevzat , Morca Ali Ferhan , Erilmez Serpil , Çiftçi Osman , Yurtmen Melike , Uzunoğulları Nesrin , Deligöz İlyas , Şahin Murat , Öntepeli Mehmet Levent
Published: June 2021

Plum pox virus (PPV), sert çekirdekli meyve türlerinin bilinen en tehlikeli viral etmenidir. PPV vektör yaprak bitleri tarafından taşınmakta ve sert çekirdekli meyve ağaçlarında özellikle erik, kayısı ve şeftalinin meyveleri, yaprakları ve çiçeklerinde ciddi hasarlara neden olmaktadır. Enfekteli bitkilerin eradike edilmesi, PPV'ye karşı alınması gereken tedbirlerin başında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı; Ulusal Bitki Sağlığı Kurumu olan, Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Gıda ve Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü (GKGM) tarafından 2013-2018 yılları arasında yürütülen Ulusal PPV sürvey ve eradikasyon programının sonuçlarını değerlendirmektir. Altı yıllık çalışma süresince Türkiye’de yaklaşık 60.000 bitki makroskobik olarak incelenmiş ve yedi farklı meyve türünde toplam 21.394 bitkiden örnek (çiçek, yaprak ve meyve) alınmıştır. Alınan örnekler ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) metodu ile analiz edilmiştir. ELISA’da şüpheli sonuç veren örnekler, RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) yöntemi ile doğrulanmıştır. Test sonuçlarına göre 161 farklı noktadan alınan örneklerin 2.718'i PPV pozitif olarak tespit edilmiş ve enfeksiyon ortalaması altı yıl boyunca %12.70 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma süresince 78.868 bitki eradike edilmiş, yoğun sürvey ve eradikasyon programı sonucunda PPV enfeksiyon oranının %35.72'den %7.47'ye gerilediği görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan, daha önce PPV'den ari olarak bilinen yedi ilde (Aydın, Bolu, Denizli, Erzincan, Kırıkkale, Sivas, Samsun) PPV’nin varlığı belirlenmiş ve eradikasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışma sonucunda eradikasyon uygulamalarının PPV’nin bulaşma ve yayılmasını baskılamada çok etkili bir yöntem olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Buna ek olarak ulusal sürvey ve eradikasyon programına ülke çapında devam edilmesi ve fidanlıklarda yoğunlaştırılması kanaatine varılmıştır.
A faunistic study on Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Kocaeli province (Turkey)
Authors: Atak Şener , Uçkan Fevzi , Soydabaş-ayoub Havva Kübra
Published: June 2021

Due to the importation of lumber, timber, and wooden packaging materials via international ports, Kocaeli province is at risk of contamination of invasive forest pests, which is mentioned in the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) alarm list. Fieldworks were carried out between March 2016 and October 2017 to determine the fauna of the family Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) in Kocaeli province. Species and specimen numbers were evaluated. Sixty-two species belonging to 39 genera were identified within 24 tribes, that classified under five subfamilies of Cerambycidae. Cerambycinae was the most represented subfamily with 30 species (634 specimens), and Prioninae was the least represented subfamily with three individuals in two species. Thirty of 62 species were the new records for Kocaeli province. Among them, Leptura aurulenta was reported for the second time in Turkey.
Determination of the reactions of some bread and durum wheat varieties to the wheat seed gall nematode [Anguina tritici (Steinbuch) Filipjev]
Authors: Tülek Adnan , Kepenekçi İlker , Tülek Banu , Sakin Mehmet Ali
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to determine the reactions of some bread and durum wheat varieties against wheat seed gall nematode. In the varietal reaction experiment, widely grown in Turkey, 20-bread and 12-durum wheat varieties were used. Total infected grains and healthy grains for each variety were counted and recorded. A statistically significant difference at the level of 0.01 was found among the cultivars in terms of the number of infected grains (pieces / plant), the number of healthy grains (pieces / plant) and the rate of infected grains. Compared to the control, there was a 35.8% decrease in the number of healthy grains in infected plots due to the damage of wheat gall nematodes in wheat varieties. The number of infected grains and the highest rate of infected grains were obtained from a bread wheat variety from cv. Aldane. While different rates of infected grains were obtained from 23 of the varieties included in the experiment, infected grain formation did not occur in the other 9 varieties (durum wheat varieties; Mirzabey 2000, İmren, Şahinbey, Zühre, Yelken 2000, Altıntaş, and bread wheat varieties; Bağcı 2002, Konya 2002, Ahmetağa). According to the number and ratio of infected grains, durum varieties were more tolerant. As with many diseases and pests, using resistant or tolerant varieties is one of the most economical and environmentally friendly method to control wheat gall nematode.
Perception and Knowledge Regarding Role of Physiotherapy in Oral/Mouth Cancer Survivors amongst Non Medical Professionals: An E-Survey
Authors:   Professor and Head, Department of Oncology Physiotherapy, KAHER Institute of Physiotherapy, Belagavi, Karnataka, India., Gotecha Renu  Pattanshetty , Gotecha Siddhi ,   Intern, KAHER Institute of Physiotherapy, Belagavi, Karnataka, India., Hugar Harshitha ,   Intern, KAHER Institute of Physiotherapy, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
Published: June 2021

Background & Objectives: About 5 million people are diagnosed with cancer worldwide. 50% are expected to live at least 5 years with most survivors living with cancer related disabilities. Physiotherapy rehabilitation becomes crucial for better quality of life after cancer treatment. The objective of the present study was to assess the perception and knowledge regarding role of physiotherapy in oral/mouth cancer survivors amongst non medical professionals in India. Methodology: This e-survey was conducted using a self -prepared questionnaire in English language carried out for a period of 3 months. Questionnaire was circulated among respondents across India via social media Results: Out of 265 respondents, a total of 92.8% respondents had fair knowledge regarding oral cancer and its causes. 57.7% respondents had knowledge about problems faced by oral cancer survivors. Physiotherapy as a treatment option was known to 87.9%. 75% respondents possessed knowledge of physiotherapy in treating functional limitations seen in oral cancer patients . Conclusion: There was sufficient knowledge among the respondents regarding oral cancer and physiotherapy treatment in oral cancer survivors. However, there is a dire need to take measures to assess the awareness of physiotherapy in cancer to improve quality of life amongst rural population. KEY WORDS: Perception, Oral cancer survivors, Human papilloma virus (HPV), Palliative care, Physiotherapy, Quality of life.
There are Only Islands After the End of the World
Authors: Pugh Jonathan , Chandler David
Published: June 2021

Summarising the contemporary shift towards working with islands in the Anthropocene in a set of concepts, this introduction outlines the key tropes of ‘relational entanglements’, ‘relational awareness’ and ‘feedbacks’ in writing on islands. Working with islands plays an increasingly notable role in Anthropocene thinking as it is precisely with islands that these relational effects come to the fore. Island ‘differences’ – the attributes, relational affordances and powers associated with islands – have put working with islands to the forefront of Anthropocene research and theory. Outlining the rationale for the structure of the book this chapter highlights the key elements of a critical agenda for island studies: focusing upon relational ontologies (Resilience and Patchworks) and relational onto-epistemologies (Correlation and Storiation), and ultimately the importance of island studies in the Anthropocene. To understand why and how Anthropocene thinking is as it is today, is only possible if we are able to more fully consider how and why working with islands is playing such an important and generative role.
Resilience: The Power of Interactive Life
Authors: Pugh Jonathan , Chandler David
Published: June 2021

Chapter 2 examines the heuristic of ‘Resilience’, through which island ontologies have been most obviously adopted by mainstream academic and policy-thinking. Resilience is conceptualised here as an analytical field through which islands have emerged in postmodern framings of governance, as an alternative to linear thinking about progress and sustainability in the Anthropocene. Resilience seeks to capture the art of adaptation or of adaptive change. Working with islands has been significant to the rise of Resilience thinking because islands are imagined to have powers of creative and productive differentiation and individuation, faced with unprecedented changes and challenges. The chapter also turns to the work of Charles Darwin, and the power he attributed to islands as powerful, adaptative, differentiating ‘engines’ for life itself. Island life has become a high-profile symbol of non-linear emergence and diversification as islands are seen to enable contexts to intensify and magnify interactive feedback effects as well as acting as a baseline for understanding ‘vulnerability and resilience’, relational contingencies and ‘system effects’ that cannot be accessed directly by way of modern frameworks of reasoning. The island, as an important figure for working through the central problematic of relational entanglements, makes it particularly generative and productive for Resilience thinking in the Anthropocene.
Patchworks: The Ontology of the World
Authors: Pugh Jonathan , Chandler David
Published: June 2021

Chapter 3 turns to ‘Patchwork ontologies’. Compared to Resilience, Patchwork ontologies shift debate towards affirmation and replace the modernist imaginary of islands with a more open ontology of spatial and temporal becoming. While this remains a relational understanding, Patchwork ontologies are more disruptive, destabilising the ‘solutionist’ or instrumentalising aspects of Resilience; making them more open, less governmentalising and human-centred. This is reflected in the work of the many ‘Patchwork ontologists’, critical thinkers, artists, designers, experimenters and poets who today frequently turn to islands and islander life to draw out how entanglements of relation are never fixed. Patchworks instead attend to disturbances and how islands are powerful ways of expressing processes of world-making. A key figure here is Glissant, and his focus upon ‘giving-on-and-with’ ‘Relation’, which pushes thinking with islands to the point that we can never stand outside and grasp (island) relations, only immerse ourselves in the texture and turbulence of the weave. For patchwork approaches, thinking with islands then becomes a ‘verb’ (Teaiwa) and practice of ‘staying with the trouble’, opening ourselves to relational affects – an immersive process of becoming which is today being developed by a wide engagement with islands and islander life.
Storiation: Holding the World
Authors: Pugh Jonathan , Chandler David
Published: June 2021

In Chapter 5, the authors give shape to an approach called Storiation. Central to Storiation is registering the ongoing afterlives, hauntings and effects of such significant forces as colonialism, modernity, global warming, nuclear radiation, rising sea levels, and waste production; where islands and island cultures regularly emerge as important sites for investigation. What distinguishes the Storiation analytic is the holding together of entities and effects, registered through islands and islander lives, intra-actions and effects. For authors like Timothy Morton the (island) future then becomes entangled with the past as the ‘afterlife’ of relational effects continue to reverberate in ‘strange’, ‘weird’ or ‘quantum’ ways. The chapter examines how the analytic of Storiation is today being widely developed in Anthropocene philosophy, critical Black and Indigenous Studies which all increasing turn to engage islands as key sites of relational entanglements and associated island scholars and literatures. Of particular importance is the work of the Barbadian writer Kamau Brathwaite. Brathwaite’s onto-epistemology of ‘tidalectics’ profoundly disrupts mainland, continental and modern frameworks of space-time, and binaries of human/nature. In Tiffany Lethabo King’s Storiations of Black and Indigenous life, she employs such methods as ‘critical fabulation’ and ‘speculative bricolage’ in order to hold together the traces, ghosts and afterlives of colonialism embodied and constitutive of the present. Thus, the chapter charts Storiations of the differentiating powers of colonialism, of the emergence of tidalectic psychologies living on in the wake, of island dances, Vodou loa and shamanistic practices, of species long extinct, of the consumerisms that haunt islands in strange ways.
Educação de infância em Portugal: discursos, projetos e práticas (1834 -1974)
Authors: Gomes Ferreira António , Mota Luís , Vilhena Carla
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho constitui um bosquejo dos caminhos da educação de infância em Portugal, ao longo de 150 anos, entre 1834 e o fim do Estado Novo, em abril de 1974. Visa produzir uma leitura compreensiva da evolução do pensamento e ação sobre o cuidar e educar das crianças na primeira infância. Centra-se na análise do discurso oficial, no pensamento e debate pedagógico, bem como na sua concretização. O corpus documental é constituído pela produção legislativa e por uma coletânea de textos sobre a educação infantil, compilados na imprensa de educação e ensino. Estas fontes oferecem uma aproximação às ideias, propostas, projetos e iniciativas que, seja por via do Estado ou corporizadas pela sociedade civil, se foram esboçando, estiilando ou concretizando no longo período de construção da modernidade em Portugal. Ao Sujeitas ao método crítico e à análise de conteúdo, o seu escrutínio permitiu observar que a difusão das ideias e a concretização de políticas e instituições educativas destinadas a esta faixa etária, profundamente marcadas pelas condições materiais e simbólicas da formação social portuguesa, foi morosa e eivada de dificuldades. Em larga medida, expressão do locus nacional, traduziu uma apropriação de teorias e práticas internacionais.