bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İKTİDARININ İKİNCİ DÖNEMİNDE (1954-1957) DEMOKRAT PARTİ POLİTİKALARININ MUHALİF BASINA YANSIMASI AKİS DERGİSİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ALACI Beral
Published: June 2021

II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında değişen dünya şartları savaşa dahil olan olmayan birçok ülkeyi önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Türkiye de bu durumdan etkilenen devletler arasında yer alır. İç ve dış politikada oldukça hareketli geçen 1945 yılı Türkiye’yi uluslararası platformda önemli kararlar almaya; iç politikada da tek partili yönetiminden çok partili sisteme geçişin zeminini hazırlamaya yöneltmiştir. İsmet İnönü’nün çok partili hayatı destekler açıklamalarını takiben 1945-1950 yılları arasında pek çok parti kurulmuş ve böylece Türk siyaseti “çok partili hayat”a sahne olmaya başlamıştır. Bu süreçte 07 Ocak 1946 tarihinde kurulan Demokrat Parti kısa sürede ön plana çıkmış, 1950 yılındaki seçimlerdeki başarısı ile de on yıl sürecek iktidar serüvenine başlamıştır. Bu süreçte üç genel seçim yaşanmış, bu seçimler Demokrat Parti’nin galibiyeti ile sonuçlanmıştır.

Demokrat Parti ile basın arasında ilişkiler ilk yıllarda olumlu bir atmosferde şekillenmiştir. Demokrat Parti’nin iktidarının ilk aylarında çıkardığı Basın Kanunu ile yaptığı özgürlükçü düzenlemelerin bunda büyük etkisi olmuştur. Ancak 1954 seçimlerine doğru alınan sert tedbirler ile basın kontrol altına alınmış, Demokrat Parti ile basın arasındaki ilişkiler gerilmiştir. 1954 tarihindeki seçimler ile Demokrat Parti’nin iktidarının ikinci dönemi başlar. 1957 yılındaki seçimlere kadar sürecek olan bu ikinci dönem Demokrat Parti’nin en fazla oy aldığı, gücünün zirvesine eriştiği süreçtir. Demokrat Parti iktidarının gücüne mukabil iktidar-muhalefet ilişkisinin en keskinleştiği dönem de bu ikinci dönem olacaktır. Bu dönemde yayın hayatına başlayan Akis dergisi, ilk sayısından itibaren yüksek tirajlara ulaşmıştır. Demokrat Parti’nin ilk dönemine oranla değişen siyasi tavrı ile şekillenen muhalif söylemleri ve buna karşılık Demokrat Parti’nin aldığı önlemler Akis dergisini dönemin dikkat çeken dergilerinden biri haline getiren en önemli etkenler olmuştur. Bu çalışma ile Demokrat Parti’nin iktidarının ikinci dönemine Akis dergisi penceresinden ışık tutulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Eigenvalue Expansion of Nonsymmetric Linear Compact Operators in Hilbert Space
Authors: KOHAUPT Ludwig
Published: June 2021

For a symmetric linear compact resp. symmetric densely defined linear operator with compact inverse, expansion theorems in series of eigenvectors are
known. The aim of the present paper is to generalize the known expansion theorems to the case of corresponding operators without the symmetry property. For this, we replace the set of orthonormal eigenvectors in the symmetric case by a set of biorthonormal eigenvectors resp. principal vectors in the case of simple eigenvalues resp. general eigenvalues. The results for the operators without the symmetry property are all new. Furthermore, if the operators are symmetric, the generalized results deliver the known expansions. As an application of the results for nonsymmetric operators with simple eigenvalues, we obtain a known expansion in a series of eigenfunctions for a non-selfadjoint Boundary Eigenvalue
Problem with ordinary differential operator discussed in a book of Coddington/Levinson. But, we obtain a new result if the eigenvalues are general, that
is, not necessarily simple. In addition, for a differential operator of 2nd order with constant coefficients, the eigenfunctions and Green’s function are explicitly determined. This result is also new, as far as the author is aware.
TÜRKİYE’DE BÜYÜK VERİ İLE DEĞER YARATAN İŞLETMELER: ÖZEL SEKTÖR UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KOLTAN YILMAZ Şebnem
Published: June 2021

Küresel ölçekte verinin her geçen gün artmasıyla birlikte dijital dönüşümün yapı taşlarından biri olarak gündeme gelen Büyük Veri (BV), iş dünyasının önemli bir bileşeni haline gelmiştir. Farklı yapılarda, hızlı ve büyük hacimde üretilen veriler olarak tanımlanabilen BV’de amaç, doğrulanabilir /güvenilir nitelikte verilerle değer yaratabilmektir. Türkiye’de BV, birçok araştırmacı ve işletme için yenidir. Kamu kurumlarında BV çalışmaları ve uygulamaları bulunmaktayken özel sektörde çoğunlukla yatırımlar düzeyindedir. Bu nedenle hem teknik hem de işletme gereksinimlerinin araştırılması ve anlaşılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada amaç, dijitalleşme sürecinde işletmelerin BV ile nasıl değer yaratabilecekleri ya da verilerden yola çıkarak karar süreçlerini nasıl daha verimli hale getirebilecekleri konusunda içgörüler sağlamak, araştırmacıların verimliliğini ve performansını artırmaya katkıda bulunabilecek kritik gelişmeler hakkında yol gösterici olmaktır. Çalışmada, işletmelerin çok fazla ve hızlı üretilen veriye sahip olmasına sebep olan veri kaynakları, iş yapma şekillerinin değişimi, elde edilen katma değere yönelik uygulamaları desteklemek üzere kaynak araştırması yapılarak, Türkiye’de özel sektörde BV’nin kullanımını açıklayan uygulamalar incelenmiştir. Farklı sektörlerden örnekler ele alınmış, ulaşılan uygulamalar dahilinde BV ile yaratılan değerler ve iş yapma şekillerinin değişimi ortaya konmuştur. Sonuçlar, BV ile işletmelerde maliyetleri düşürme, verimliliği artırma, yeni ürün/hizmet geliştirme, pazarlama stratejileri, müşteri kaybının önlenmesi ve karlılık yönleriyle büyük faydalar elde etmenin ve rekabette fark yaratmanın mümkün olduğunu göstermektedir.
A review of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) diversity in India
Authors: Zorhansanga C
Published: June 2021

The diversified geographic location along with climatic conditions has led to the enrichment of fauna species in India. Coleoptera (Gk. Coleos–sheath, ptera–wing) are the largest group of organisms at the order level and are comprised of beetles. They adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions and are widely distributed. The family Scarabaeidae which is included in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea is one of the largest families. They consist of about 27,800 species worldwide and are further divided into 16 subfamilies, 82 tribes and 94 sub-tribes. They are usually harmful or beneficial in nature with their size being large to small. The research on scarab beetles is necessary to understand their role as pest as well as their adaptation to different anthropogenic activities. Also, the diversified population of scarab beetles along with their similar characters makes it hard for researchers to identify them often leading to misidentification which is why a review is needed. This review summarizes the status, diversity and ecological status of scarab beetles in India.
Harmoni syariah terhadap teror korona: kemudahan beribadah dalam menghadapi epidemi covid-19
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendedikasi umat Islam Indonesia dalam melaksanakan ibadah di tengah-tengah merebaknya virus Corona, maka syari‟ah Islam hadir dengan watak harmoninya menawarkan kemudahan-kemudahan sebagai agama rahmatan lil „alamin. Artikel ini menggunakan kata “harmoni” maksudnya terjalinnya ikatan secara serasi atau sesuai dalam melaksanakan ibadah syar‟i walaupun dalam kondisi sulit (seperti saat merebaknya virus corona sekarang ini). Terkait dengan fenomena Corona tersebut, MUI dengan otoritasnya mengeluarkan fatwanya (Fatwa MUI Nomor 14 Tahun 2020) tentang penyelenggaraan ibadah dalam situasi terjadi wabah Covid-19. Poin ke 4 dari fatwa tersebut menyatakan larangan penyelenggaraan shalat Jum‟at dan kegiatan sejenisnya yang mengundang masa, ketika wabah virus Corona tidak terkendali (darurat), dengan lebih mengutamakan keselamatan jiwa. Larangan shalat Jum‟at tersebut digantikan dengan shalat di rumah masing-masing sebagai antisipasi pandemi Corona (Covid-19). Untuk menjawab persoalan di atas, artikel ini mencoba merumuskan, menganalisa, mengaplikasikan melalui kaidah fiqhiyah yang dijadikan sebagai pisau pembedah dapat memberikan solusi terhadap cairnya permasalahan tersebut. Memproteksi kerusakan merupakan skala pioritas dari pada melakukan amal baik (درء الدفاسد مقدم على جلب الدصالح ). Kaidah tersebut dapat diaplikasikan ke dalam isu-isu Corona sebagai berikut: Meninggalkan shalat Jum‟at/Jama‟ah itu (dengan tujuan memutus rantai pandemi virus Corona) itu lebih baik, dari pada menjalankan shalat Jum‟at/jama‟ah, (dengan diganti shalat di rumah masing-masing). Dalam kondisi darurat seperti saat epedemi Corona mengancam jiwa manusia, maka syari‟at memberikan kemudahan bolehnya meninggalkan shalat jum‟at diganti shalat dzuhur di rumah.
Struktur epistemologi pancasila dan etos sains dalam al-qur`an: suatu upaya integrasi, interkoneksi dan internalisasi
Authors: Parwanto Wendi , Sadari Sadari
Published: June 2021

Perbedaan ruang lingkup antara al-Qur`an yang bersifat teosentris, Pancasila yang bersifat filosofis dan Etos Sains yang bersifat sainsifis menjadi suatu yang menarik untuk dikaji lebih jauh, terutama bagaimana meng-integrasikan, meng-interkoneksikan dan meng-internalisasikan nilai-nilai ketiganya dalam realitas. Artikel ini menawarkan cara alternatif untuk mengkaji topik ini lebih jauh, yaitu dengan menggunakan teori integrasi–interkoneksi Amin Abdullah. Dan juga ditambah dengan konsep internalisasi, tujuannya adalah untuk mengaktualisasikan nilai-nilai al-Qur`an, Pancasila dan Etos Sains tidak bisa hanya dengan melakukan integrasi dan interkoneksi saja. Namun, harus ada upaya internalisasi sehingga nilai-nilai ketiganya dapat diaplikasikan dalam realitas kemasyarakatan.
Current Challenges in Osteoporosis Treatment Discontinuation
Authors: Lau Tang Ching
Published: June 2021

Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that may require lifelong therapy. Therefore, evidence-based approach regarding the efficacy and safety of long‐term osteoporosis therapy and therapy discontinuation is important. The most important goals for osteoporosis and fragility fracture patients are the recovery of pre-fracture functional level and reduction of fracture risk. There has been increasing consensus that a treat-to-target (T2T) strategy is applicable to osteoporosis and that bone mineral density (BMD) is currently the most clinically appropriate target. However, there is no clear consensus with regard to the definition of a specific BMD treatment target and timeframes applicable to T2T in osteoporosis, and these would need to be individually determined. Treatment with bisphosphonates may be interrupted after 3-5 years, only in patients in whom fracture risk is low or lowered because of the treatment itself. It is recommended never to discontinue treatment in patients with one or more prevalent osteoporotic fractures or in whom the BMD values are still below -2.5 (T score). Recent reports imply that denosumab discontinuation may lead to an increased risk of multiple vertebral fractures. Patients considered at high fracture risk should either continue denosumab therapy for up to ten years or be switched to an alternative treatment. For patients at low-risk, a decision to discontinue denosumab could be made after five years, but bisphosphonate therapy should be considered to reduce or prevent the rebound increase in bone turnover.
Understanding Matters of the Mind in Obesity
Authors: Toh Adrian
Published: June 2021

Obesity is a growing global concern, and Singapore is not spared from the global epidemic. Apart from the increased risk for many serious diseases and health conditions, obese individuals are vulnerable to many psychological comorbidities. Obesity management through lifestyle changes can be limited by various barriers, increasing the challenge of implementation and leaving some clinicians feeling frustrated and stressed. The paper examines the barriers identified in the literature, discusses the use of cognitive behavioural concepts and techniques to facilitate the lifestyle change process and explores the use of motivation and readiness to change to guide the clinician’s strategies.
Moving it for Weight Loss
Authors: Lim Ivy
Published: June 2021

The rate of overweight and obesity is increasing worldwide, with significant health impact. Obesity is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality and weight loss should take a multi-pronged approach, including dietary control and physical activity. The lack of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, as well as poor cardiorespiratory fitness are all independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality as well, thus it is important to advise lifestyle changes to address these issues. Most individuals who have no contraindications can embark on light- to moderate-intensity physical activity without the need for medical clearance. Specific advice on physical activity should be given, targeting the individual, and this can be done using the FITT (frequency, intensity, time, type) principle. Physical activity should also be reviewed regularly and progressed gradually to target physical activity guidelines. Individuals should also be encouraged to replace sedentary behaviour with at least light-intensity physical activity whenever possible.
The relationship between selected macroeconomic indicators and economic freedom in V4 countries
Authors: Daňová Monika , Širá Elena
Published: June 2021

The paper aims to determine the practical applicability of the indicator of economic freedom in economic policy. The problem areas that arose in connection with the given aim, had a significant influence on the determination of the goal of the work. We were interested in, whether a small degree of economic freedom is the cause of slow economic growth and development, or if the causal link going in the opposite direction? Is the relationship between these elements and economic freedom the same always and everywhere? To answer these questions, we perform a series of analyzes on the data panel of the V4 countries for the period 2000-2019. Based on the obtained results, we identify those factors whose development is strongly related to the development of economic freedom. The results suggest that economic freedom is strongly correlated with public debt, exports, and the level of unemployment, is reflected in the values of these elements and at the same time is significantly affected by these elements. The strength and nature of their relationship with economic freedom vary across the group. Therefore, they cannot be considered as indicators of the state of economic freedom. Contrary to some published findings, little evidence has been obtained that economic freedom significantly affects economic growth.
Determination of class G antibodies to SARS-CoV2 after application of ‘GamCOVID-Vac’ or ‘Sputnik V’ vaccine of National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology n.a. honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya
Authors: Alkhutova N. A. , Kovyazina N. A. , Bardysheva N. A. , Kalinina N. M. , Alexanin S. S.
Published: June 2021

We conducted a laboratory examination of 83 people after vaccination against the new coronavirus with the use of the ‘Gam-COVID-Vac’ vaccine of National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology n.a. honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya (Moscow, Russia), in order to determine the presence of post-vaccination class G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. The reagent system ‘SARS-CoV-2-IgG – ELISA-BEST’ (Vector-Best Co., Novosibirsk, Russia) was used. According to the manufacturer, the reagent system detects a pool of class G immunoglobulins synthesized to all antigenic determinants of protein S, including the RBD domain, which ensures the specificity of this method for assessing the post-vaccination immune response. The study involved 36 men and 47 women, with an average age of 48.40 ± 1.15 years. An interim analysis of the blood serum of 51 participants 21 days after the first dose of the vaccine showed the presence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in 45 (88.24%) people. After 42 days, all 83 (100%) people were found to have IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is advisable to continue the study to assess the dynamics of the level of postvaccinal antibodies for 6 months.
Somut İşlem Dönemi Dil Kullanıcılarının Dil Bilgisi Hakkındaki Bilgi, Metafor ve Yansımaları
Authors: İNAN YILDIZ Funda , BENZER Ahmet
Published: June 2021

Araştırmada ilkokul öğrencilerinin dil bilgisi hakkındaki bilgi, metafor ve yanılsamalarını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması (case study) yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Çalışma grubunu İstanbul ilinde yaşayan 250 ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak 21 sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde MAXQDA 2020 nitel veri analiz programı kullanılarak içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Görüşme formuna verilen yanıtlar “Biliyorum”, “Bilmiyorum Öğrenmek İstiyorum”, “Bilmiyorum Öğrenmek İstemiyorum” doğrultusunda analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğrenciler “isim, fiil, sıfat, zarf, bağlaç, fiilde zaman, sözcükte anlam, yapı bakımından kelimeler (basit-türemiş-birleşik), yüklemin yerine göre cümleler (kurallı-devrik), anlamına göre cümleler (olumlu-olumsuz-soru) ve noktalama işaretleri” konularına “Biliyorum” biçiminde; “zamir, edat, fiilde kişi, cümlenin ögeleri, kök-ek, fiilimsi, ses olayları ve anlatım bozuklukları” konularına ağırlıklı olarak “Bilmiyorum Öğrenmek İstiyorum” biçiminde yanıt vermiştir. Araştırma sonuçları doğrultusunda öğrencilerin dil bilgisi kurallarını uygulama becerisinin dil bilgisi testleri ve yazılı anlatım çalışmalarıyla karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi önerilmektedir.
Keindahan Penggunaan Uslub Amr Terhadap Wanita dalam Surah Al-Baqarah
Authors: Rifa'in@Mohd Rifain Syakirah , Pa Mat Taib , Hamzah Nurul Huda
Published: June 2021

Kajian ini membincangkan mengenai uslub amr terhadap wanita dalam dalam surah al-Baqarah. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti bentuk dan tujuan amr bagi konteks iddah dan penyusuan dalam surah al-Baqarah serta rahsia tersirat penggunaan uslub amr terhadap wanita dalam surah al-Baqarah. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif yang menggunakan teknik analisis teks mengikut Kuckartz (2014) berdasarkan konteks ayat. Penulis menggunakan teori utama, iaitu Teori ‘Abbas (1997) dan Teori Wahbah Al-Zuhayliy (1991). Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat dua konteks yang melibatkan wanita dalam surah al-Baqarah, iaitu iddah dan penyusuan. Secara keseluruhannya, terdapat tiga ayat berkaitan wanita dalam surah al-Baqarah yang menggunakan satu bentuk amr sahaja iaitu uslub khabariy yang memberi makna insyaiy. Ketiga-tiga ayat amr tersebut mempunyai makna hakiki atau secara langsung iaitu wajib dan sunat. Secara kesimpulannya, bagi mesej tersirat penggunaan uslub amr kepada wanita iaitu uslub khabariy yang memberi makna insyaiy adalah bersifat kelembutan kerana ia melibatkan perkara-perkara yang sukar. Justeru, jelas menunjukkan bahawa ayat-ayat amr bagi konteks iddah dan penyusuan mempunyai makna hakiki dan bersifat kelembutan.
Mutagenesis Analysis of ABCB8 Gene Promoter of Danio rerio
Authors: LAI PEI NI , LIM LEONARD WHYE KIT , CHUNG HUNG HUI
Published: June 2021

The ABCB8 is one of the members under the ABCB subfamily of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter which possess the ability in regulating the intracellular iron and heme transport. The loss of function mutation of ABCB8 gene leads to iron and heme accumulation in the cell which is highly toxic to human. However, the information regarding the expression regulation of this gene remains scarce. Hence, the objectives of this project are to determine the transcription factors binding site (TFBS) of ABCB8 and to identify the transcriptional roles of the cis-elements through mutagenesis analysis. To examine this, total genomic DNA was extracted from Danio rerio and the promoter sequence was isolated by using specific pair of primers through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sample was sent for DNA sequencing and the result showed 98% similarities to the zebrafish DNA sequence from clone DKEYP-87A6 in linkage group 24. Besides, the TFBS was studied in aspect of TFBS abundance, TFBS composition and TFBS distribution. The two most abundant TFBSs based on liver-specific profile were HNF-3β and C/EBPβ, with 38 and 39 binding sites, respectively. The sequence of ABCB8 promoter gene was mutated through substitution of the AP-1 binding site at location 535 with other nucleotides by using a pair of mutagenic primers (forward primer: 5’-TGGGGGTTTAGATATTGAAAC-3’; reverse primer: 5’-AACTCGC ATACATTTCAGTCATC-3’). This result may benefit the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics for iron-associated disorder.
Rabies Hotspot Detection Using Bipartite Network Modelling Approach
Authors: CHIA DAREN JIAN BING , KOK WOON CHEE , ABDUL TAIB NUR ASHEILA , HONG BOON HAO , ABD MAJID KHAIRANI , LABADIN JANE
Published: June 2021

Despite entering its fourth year, the rabies outbreak in the East Malaysian state of Sarawak has claimed another nine lives in 2020, culminating with a total of 31 laboratory-confirmed cases of human rabies as of 31st December 2020. One of the outbreak control challenges faced by the authorities within a previously rabies-free area, such as in the case of Sarawak, is the lack of information regarding possible starting sources, notably hotspot locations of the outbreak. Identification of potential high-risk areas for rabies infection is a sine qua non for effective disease interventions and control strategies. Motivated by this and in preparation for future similar incidents, this paper presented a preliminary study on rabies hotspot identification. The modelling approach adopted the bipartite network where the two disjoint sets of nodes are the Location node and Dog (Bite Cases) node. The formulation of the network followed closely the Bipartite Modeling Methodology Framework. Thorough model verification was done in an attempt to show that such problem domain can be modelled using the Bipartite Modeling approach.
Analisis Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Bi Rate, dan Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) Terhadap Penyaluran Pembiayaan Pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Periode 2011-2015
Authors: Saba Sabarudin
Published: June 2021

Abstrack: The aims of this research are to analyze the influence of Third Party Fund (DPK), Non Performing Financing (NPF), the BI Rate and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) partially and simultaneously to the Distribution Financing Islamic Banks in Indonesia 2011-2015. The population in this research is all Islamic Banks in Indonesia in Period 2011-2015. This research uses purposive sampling method. The amount of sample in this research is 5 (five) Islamic Banks. The analysis model uses panel data reggresion model and analysis techniques techniques to the hypothesis uses Ftest,t-test, and R2 test.The results in this research in Third Party Fund (DPK) partially has positive andsignificant effect to Financing Distribution of Islamic Banks in Indonesia in Period 2011-2015, Ratio of Non-Performing Financing (NPF) partially negative and not significant to Distribution Financing Islamic Banks in Indonesia in Period 2011-2015, BI Rate is partially positive and significant to FinancingDistribution of Islamic Banks in Indonesia period 2011-2015, and the ratio of Capital Adequacy ratio (CAR) partially negative and significant to FinancingDistribution of Islamic Banks in Indonesia 2011-2015 , Simultaneously ThirdParty Fund (DPK), Non Performing Financing (NPF), the BI Rate and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) have significant effect to Financing Distribution of Islamic Banks in Indonesia 2011-2015.
Resiko Transaksi Bisnis Syariah Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil Studi Kasus Produk Pembiayaan
Authors: Majid Toyyibi Abdul , Mawardi Imam
Published: June 2021

Abstract: In BMT, risk is identical with financing and risk is like an enemy that cannot be abandoned, must be fought and watched out for. Fighting and being wary of is meant so that there is an analysis process in accordance with applicable regulations carried out by certain parties such as BMT for policy purposes in determining the results of the analysis of financing. Then from here used the type and approach is qualitative by looking at case studies or events in the field until from the results of interviews and documentation, data analysis is carried out so that the data can be accounted for the validity of the data. From this research, it was found that BMT has tips to avoid high risk, at least there are preventive actions as a reference for generating a financing that indicates a risk.
The Influence of Leadership Style and Work Environment Against Work Ethic and Tutoring at PKBM in Tangerang City
Authors: Nazir Ahmad , Widodo Adji , Barsah Akhmar
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of leadership style (X1) on work ethic (Y1), leadership style (X1) on teacher's performance (Y2), work ethic (Y1) on teacher's performance (Y2) and the Work environment (X2).) On work ethics, (Y1) Work environment (X2) on tutoring (Y2) at PKBM in Tangerang City. The method used is qualitatively descriptive with a population of 165 using a random sampling method, namely 117 samples of the existing population. Research results Statistical test on model 1 with tcount> ttable (3.404> 1.97) and Sig <0.05 (0.000 <0.05), leadership style sometimes has a positive and significant influence on work ethic. Value Fcount> Ftable (14.815> 3.06) and Sig <0.05 (0.000 <0.05), management style and work environment have a positive and significant effect on work ethic at the same time. In model 2, the value of tcount> ttable (5.555> 1.97) and Sig <0.05 (0.000 <0.05) is obtained. The leadership style has a partially positive and significant effect on the tutor's performance. With the value of tcount> ttable (3.447> 1.97) and Sig <0.05 (0.001 <0.05), the working environment has a partially positive and significant effect on the teacher's performance. The value of tcount> ttable (4.261> 1.97) and Sig <0.05 (0.000 <0.05), partly work ethic, has a positive and significant effect on the teacher's performance. The value of Fcount> Ftable (35.927> 2.67) and Sig <0.05 (0.000 <0.05), the leadership style, the work environment and the work ethic all have a positive and significant effect on the tutor's performance.
How Do We Optimize Risk in Enterprise Architecture when Deploying Emerging Technologies?
Authors: Griffy-Brown Charla , Chun Mark , Miller Howard , Lazarikos Demetrios
Published: June 2021

Emerging Technologies which merge cyber-physical systems continue to transform businesses and digital agility in transformative ways. Importantly, most investigations around focus on either cyber risk or the risk around physical systems but it does not encompass both. However, the immediate challenge is new opportunities occurring with emerging technologies. Examples include automobiles, the Internet of Things (IoT), medical devices, and building controls. In this study we will focus identifying risk as an optimization not a minimization problem and how to develop a practical approach for executives and boards to use in the oversight of cyber physical systems. Based on interviews with executive leadership teams and boards of directors we explored the over-arching research question: How can we apply a risk-based approach to cyber-physical security and what questions should business leaders be asking? The research methodology used a survey instrument and multiple qualitative methods involving business leaders from 60 companies and 80 business leaders from September 2018 – September 2019. Based on this analysis, we developed an extended framework for executives, as well as questions and process for boards to consider as part of their oversight. The Extended Risk-Based Approach equips boards and executives as they begin to develop their thinking around enterprise cyber physical risk.
Comparison of Upper Neck Loading in Young Adult and Elderly Volunteers During Low Speed Frontal Impacts
Authors: Vives-Torres Carmen M. , Valdano Manuel , Jimenez-Octavio Jesus R. , Muehlbauer Julia , Schick Sylvia , Peldschus Steffen , Lopez-Valdes Francisco J.
Published: June 2021

Cervical pain and injuries are a major health problem globally. Existing neck injury criteria are based on experimental studies that included sled tests performed with volunteers, post-mortem human surrogates and animals. However, none of these studies have addressed the differences between young adults and elderly volunteers to date. Thus, this work analyzed the estimated axial and shear forces, and the bending moment at the craniocervical junction of nine young volunteers (18–30 years old) and four elderly volunteers (>65 years old) in a low-speed frontal deceleration. Since the calculation of these loads required the use of the mass and moment of inertia of the volunteers' heads, this study proposed new methods to estimate the inertial properties of the head of the volunteers based on external measurements that reduced the error of previously published methods. The estimated mean peak axial force (Fz) was −164.38 ± 35.04 N in the young group and −170.62 ± 49.82 N in the elderly group. The average maximum shear force (Fx) was −224.42 ± 54.39 N and −232.41 ± 19.23 N in the young and elderly group, respectively. Last, the estimated peak bending moment (My) was 13.63 ± 1.09 Nm in the young group and 14.81 ± 1.36 Nm in the elderly group. The neck loads experienced by the elderly group were within the highest values in the present study. Nevertheless, for the group of volunteers included in this study, no substantial differences with age were observed.
Methane Conversion Under Mild Conditions Using Semiconductors and Metal-Semiconductors as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts: State of the Art and Challenges
Authors: Januario Eliane Ribeiro , Silvaino Patrícia Ferreira , Machado Arthur Pignataro , Moreira Vaz Jorge , Spinace Estevam Vitorio
Published: June 2021

The processes currently used in the chemical industry for methane conversion into fuels and chemicals operate under extreme conditions like high temperatures and pressures. In this sense, the search for methane conversion under mild conditions remains a great challenge. This review aims to summarize the use semiconductors and metal-semiconductors as heterogeneous photocatalysts for methane conversion under mild conditions into valuable products. First, a brief presentation of photochemical conversion of methane is provided and then the focus of this review on the use of heterogeneous photocatalysts for methane conversion are described. Finally, the main challenges and opportunities are discussed.
Ethnic Disparity in Mortality Among Ischemic Heart Disease Patients. A-20 Years Outcome Study From Israel
Authors: Abu-Much Arsalan , Nof Eyal , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Younis Anan , Hochstein David , Younis Arwa , Shlomo Nir , Fardman Alexander , Goldenberg Ilan , Klempfner Robert , Beinart Roy
Published: June 2021

Background: Long-term morbidity and mortality data among ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients of different ethnicities are conflicting. We sought to determine the independent association of ethnicity and all-cause mortality over two decades of follow-up of Israeli patients.

Methods: Our study comprised 15,524 patients including 958 (6%) Arab patients who had been previously enrolled in the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) registry between February 1, 1990, and October 31, 1992, and subsequently followed-up for long-term mortality. We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes of Israeli Arabs and Jews. Propensity score matching (PSM) (1:2 ratios) was used for validation.

Results: Arab patients were significantly younger (56 ± 7 years vs. 60 ± 7 years; p < 0.001; respectively), and had more cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that all-cause mortality was significantly higher among Arab patients (67 vs. 61%; log-rank p < 0.001). Multivariate adjusted analysis showed that mortality risk was 49% greater (HR 1.49; 95% CI: 1.37–1.62; p < 0.001) among Arabs.

Conclusions: Arab ethnicity is independently associated with an increased 20-year all-cause mortality among patients with established IHD.
Flex-Printed Ear-EEG Sensors for Adequate Sleep Staging at Home
Authors: da Silva Souto Carlos F. , Pätzold Wiebke , Wolf Karen Insa , Paul Marina , Matthiesen Ida , Bleichner Martin G. , Debener Stefan
Published: June 2021

A comfortable, discrete and robust recording of the sleep EEG signal at home is a desirable goal but has been difficult to achieve. We investigate how well flex-printed electrodes are suitable for sleep monitoring tasks in a smartphone-based home environment. The cEEGrid ear-EEG sensor has already been tested in the laboratory for measuring night sleep. Here, 10 participants slept at home and were equipped with a cEEGrid and a portable amplifier (mBrainTrain, Serbia). In addition, the EEG of Fpz, EOG_L and EOG_R was recorded. All signals were recorded wirelessly with a smartphone. On average, each participant provided data for M = 7.48 h. An expert sleep scorer created hypnograms and annotated grapho-elements according to AASM based on the EEG of Fpz, EOG_L and EOG_R twice, which served as the baseline agreement for further comparisons. The expert scorer also created hypnograms using bipolar channels based on combinations of cEEGrid channels only, and bipolar cEEGrid channels complemented by EOG channels. A comparison of the hypnograms based on frontal electrodes with the ones based on cEEGrid electrodes (κ = 0.67) and the ones based on cEEGrid complemented by EOG channels (κ = 0.75) both showed a substantial agreement, with the combination including EOG channels showing a significantly better outcome than the one without (p = 0.006). Moreover, signal excerpts of the conventional channels containing grapho-elements were correlated with those of the cEEGrid in order to determine the cEEGrid channel combination that optimally represents the annotated grapho-elements. The results show that the grapho-elements were well-represented by the front-facing electrode combinations. The correlation analysis of the grapho-elements resulted in an average correlation coefficient of 0.65 for the most suitable electrode configuration of the cEEGrid. The results confirm that sleep stages can be identified with electrodes placement around the ear. This opens up opportunities for miniaturized ear-EEG systems that may be self-applied by users.
Mutual Benefits: Interdisciplinary Education of Pre-Service Teachers and HCI Students in VR/AR Learning Environment Design
Authors: Oberdörfer Sebastian , Birnstiel Sandra , Latoschik Marc Erich , Grafe Silke
Published: June 2021

The successful development and classroom integration of Virtual (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) learning environments requires competencies and content knowledge with respect to media didactics and the respective technologies. The paper discusses a pedagogical concept specifically aiming at the interdisciplinary education of pre-service teachers in collaboration with human-computer interaction students. The students’ overarching goal is the interdisciplinary realization and integration of VR/AR learning environments in teaching and learning concepts. To assist this approach, we developed a specific tutorial guiding the developmental process. We evaluate and validate the effectiveness of the overall pedagogical concept by analyzing the change in attitudes regarding 1) the use of VR/AR for educational purposes and in competencies and content knowledge regarding 2) media didactics and 3) technology. Our results indicate a significant improvement in the knowledge of media didactics and technology. We further report on four STEM learning environments that have been developed during the seminar.
Carbon Emissions in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and Driving Factors
Authors: Wang Meng , Feng Lei , Zhang Pengfei , Cao Gaohang , Liu Hanbin , Chen Jianing , Li Xinjie , Wei Wendong
Published: June 2021

Xinjiang production and Construction Corps (XPCC) is an important provincial administration in China and vigorously promotes the construction of industrialization. However, there has been little research on its emissions. This study first established the 1998-2018 XPCC subsectoral carbon emission inventory based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) carbon emission inventory method and adopted the logarithmic mean Divisia indexmethod (LMDI) model to analyze the driving factors. The results revealed that from 1998 to 2018, the total carbon emissions in the XPCC increased from 6.11 Mt CO2 in 1998 to 115.71 Mt CO2 in 2018. For the energy structure, raw coal, coke and industrial processes were the main contributors to carbon emissions. For industrial structure, the main emission sectors were the production and supply of electric power, steam and hot water, petroleum processing and coking, raw chemical materials and chemical products, and smelting and pressing of nonferrous metals. In addition, the economic effect was the leading factor promoting the growth of the corps carbon emissions, followed by technical and population effects. The energy structure effect was the only factor yielding a low emission reduction degree. This research provides policy recommendations for the XPCC to formulate effective carbon emission reduction measures, which is conducive to the construction of a low-carbon society. Moreover, it is of guiding significance for the development of carbon emission reduction actions for the enterprises under the corps and provides a reference value for other provincial regions.
Ecological Consequences of a Millennium of Introduced Dogs on Madagascar
Authors: Hixon Sean W. , Douglass Kristina G. , Godfrey Laurie R. , Eccles Laurie , Crowley Brooke E. , Rakotozafy Lucien Marie Aimé , Clark Geoffrey , Haberle Simon , Anderson Atholl , Wright Henry T. , Kennett Douglas J.
Published: June 2021

Introduced predators currently threaten endemic animals on Madagascar through predation, facilitation of human-led hunts, competition, and disease transmission, but the antiquity and past consequences of these introductions are poorly known. We use directly radiocarbon dated bones of introduced dogs (Canis familiaris) to test whether dogs could have aided human-led hunts of the island’s extinct megafauna. We compare carbon and nitrogen isotope data from the bone collagen of dogs and endemic “fosa” (Cryptoproctaspp.) in central and southwestern Madagascar to test for competition between introduced and endemic predators. The distinct isotopic niches of dogs and fosa suggest that any past antagonistic relationship between these predators did not follow from predation or competition for shared prey. Radiocarbon dates confirm that dogs have been present on Madagascar for over a millennium and suggest that they at least briefly co-occurred with the island’s extinct megafauna, which included giant lemurs, elephant birds, and pygmy hippopotamuses. Today, dogs share a mutualism with pastoralists who also occasionally hunt endemic vertebrates, and similar behavior is reflected in deposits at several Malagasy paleontological sites that contain dog and livestock bones along with butchered bones of extinct megafauna and extant lemurs. Dogs on Madagascar have had a wide range of diets during the past millennium, but relatively high stable carbon isotope values suggest few individuals relied primarily on forest bushmeat. Our newly generated data suggest that dogs were part of a suite of animal introductions beginning over a millennium ago that coincided with widespread landscape transformation and megafaunal extinction.
A Prognostic Autophagy-Related Long Non-coding RNA (ARlncRNA) Signature in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Zhao Chunxia , Wang Yulu , Tu Famei , Zhao Shuai , Ye Xiaoying , Liu Jing , Zhang Juan , Wang Zifeng
Published: June 2021

Background

Some studies have proven that autophagy and lncRNA play important roles in AML. Several autophagy related lncRNA signatures have been shown to affect the survival of patients in some other cancers. However, the role of autophagy related lncRNA in AML has not been explored yet. Hence, this study aims to find an autophagy related lncRNA signature that can affect survival for AML patients.

Method

A Pearson correlation analysis, a Kaplan–Meier survival curve, a univariate cox regression, and a multivariate cox regression were performed to establish an autophagy related lncRNA signature. A univariate cox regression, a multivariate cox regression, a Kaplan–Meier survival curve, and a ROC curve were applied to confirm if the signature is an independent prognosis for AML patients. The relationship between the signature and the clinical features was explored by using a T test. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate the potential tumor related pathways.

Results

A four-autophagy related lncRNA (MIR133A1HG, AL359715.1, MIRLET7BHG, and AL356752.1) signature was established. The high risk score based on signature was related to the short survival time of AML patients. The signature was an independent factor for the prognosis for AML patients (HR = 1.684, 95% CI = 1.324–2.142, P < 0.001). The signature was correlated with age, leukocyte numbers, and FAB (M3 or non-M3). The P53, IL6/JAK/STAT3, TNF-α, INF-γ, and IL2/STAT5 pathways might contribute to the differences between the risk groups based on signature in AML.

Conclusion

The four autophagy related lncRNAs and their signature might be novel biomarkers for predicting the survival of AML patients. Some biological pathways might be the potential mechanisms of the signature for the survival of AML patients.
Efficiency and Toxicity of Ruxolitinib as a Salvage Treatment for Steroid-Refractory Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Wang Dong , Liu Yin , Lai Xiaoxuan , Chen Jia , Cheng Qiao , Ma Xiao , Lin Zhihong , Wu Depei , Xu Yang
Published: June 2021

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), especially steroid-refractory GVHD, remains a life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The effect of the JAK1/2 kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib on treating steroid-refractory acute GVHD has been verified by the REACH1/2 study; however, its safety and efficacy in patients with steroid-refractory chronic GVHD (SR-cGVHD) remain unclear. In this retrospective study, 70 patients received ruxolitinib as a salvage therapy for SR-cGVHD. Twenty-four weeks after ruxolitinib treatment, the overall response rate (ORR) was 74.3% (52/70), including 34 patients who achieved complete remission (CR) and 18 who achieved partial remission (PR). The main adverse event was cytopenia, which occurred in 51.4% (36/70) of patients. After ruxolitinib treatment, the percentage of CD4 cells increased from 18.20% to 23.22% (P<0.001), while the percentages of NK (CD16+CD56+) cells and regulatory T cells (CD4+CD127 ± CD25+) decreased (P<0.001, P<0.001). Among the B cell subsets, the proportion of total B cells approximately tripled from 3.69% to 11.16% (P<0.001). Moreover, we observed a significant increase in IL-10 levels after ruxolitinib treatment (P=0.025) and a remarkable decrease in levels of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) from 229.90 ng/ml to 72.65 ng/ml. The median follow-up after the initiation of ruxolitinib treatment was 401 (6-1076) days. The estimated one-year overall survival rate of the whole group was 66.0% (54.4–77.6%, 95% CI), and the one-year overall survival rate of patients with mild and moderate cGVHD was 69.6% (57.4–81.8%, 95% CI), which was better than that of patients with severe cGVHD (31.3%, 0.0–66.2%, 95% CI) (P=0.002). Patients who achieved a CR and PR achieved better survival outcomes (84.5%, 73.9–95.1%, 95% CI) than those who showed NR to ruxolitinib treatments (16.7%, 0–34.3%, 95% CI) (P<0.001). At the final follow-up, cGVHD relapse occurred in six patients after they reduced or continued their ruxolitinib doses. Collectively, our results suggest that ruxolitinib is potentially a safe and effective treatment for SR-cGVHD.
Case Report: Effects of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Convalescent Antibodies Obtained With Double Filtration Plasmapheresis
Authors: Curtò Diego , Tomatis Federica , Gastoldi Sara , Galbusera Miriam , Noris Marina , Raimondi Federico , Lorini Ferdinando Luca , Falanga Anna , Marchetti Marina , Remuzzi Giuseppe , Ruggenenti Piero
Published: June 2021

Passive antibody therapy has been used to treat outbreaks of viral disease, including the ongoing pandemic of severe respiratory acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19. However, the real benefits of the procedure are unclear. We infused a concentrated solution of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies obtained from a convalescent donor with a single session of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) into a 56-year-old woman with long history of unremitting, severe COVID-19. She was unable to establish an adequate antiviral immune response because of previous chemotherapy, including the infusion of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab, administered to treat a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The disease promptly recovered despite evidence of no endogenous anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody production. The observation that passive antibody therapy might prove particularly effective in immunodepressed COVID-19 patients requires evaluation in prospective randomized controlled trial.
Coffee Consumption Modulates Amoxicillin-Induced Dysbiosis in the Murine Gut Microbiome
Authors: Diamond Emma , Hewlett Katharine , Penumutchu Swathi , Belenky Alexei , Belenky Peter
Published: June 2021

The microbiome is essential for host health, and perturbations resulting from antibiotic use can lead to dysbiosis and disease. Diet can be a powerful modulator of microbiome composition and function, with the potential to mitigate the negative effects of antibiotic use. Thus, it is necessary to study the impacts of diet and drug interactions on the gut microbiome. Coffee is a commonly consumed beverage containing many compounds that have the potential to affect the microbiome, including caffeine, polyphenols, and fiber. We supplemented mice with caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee in conjunction with amoxicillin, and used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of fecal samples to investigate changes in diversity and composition of the murine fecal microbiome. We found that antibiotics, regardless of coffee supplementation, caused significant disruption to the murine fecal microbiome, enriching for Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Bacteroidetes, but reducing Firmicutes. While we found that coffee alone did not have a significant impact on the composition of the fecal microbiome, coffee supplementation did significantly affect relative abundance metrics in mice treated with amoxicillin. After caffeinated coffee supplementation, mice treated with amoxicillin showed a smaller increase in Proteobacteria, specifically of the family Burkholderiaceae. Correspondingly we found that in vitro, Burkholderia cepacia was highly resistant to amoxicillin, and that it was inhibited by concentrations of caffeine and caffeinated coffee comparable to levels of caffeine in murine ceca. Overall, this work shows that coffee, and possibly the caffeine component, can impact both the microbiome and microbiome members during antibiotic exposure.