bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Figure S1 from Three-dimensional Imaging Reveals Immune-driven Tumor-associated High Endothelial Venules as a Key Correlate of Tumor Rejection Following Depletion of Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Milutinovic Stefan , Abe Jun , Jones Emma , Kelch Inken , Smart Kathryn , Lauder Sarah N. , Somerville Michelle , Ware Carl , Godkin Andrew , Stein Jens V. , Bogle Gib , Gallimore Awen
Published: April 2023

2D assessment of fibrosarcoma establishment on LN HEVs
Supplementary Table TS3 from Targeting NEDDylation is a Novel Strategy to Attenuate Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Jones Trace M. , Espitia Claudia M. , Chipollini Juan , Lee Benjamin R. , Wertheim Jason A. , Carew Jennifer S. , Nawrocki Steffan T.
Published: April 2023

Combination indices following treatment with pevonedistat and cisplatin.
Supplementary Table TS2 from Targeting NEDDylation is a Novel Strategy to Attenuate Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Jones Trace M. , Espitia Claudia M. , Chipollini Juan , Lee Benjamin R. , Wertheim Jason A. , Carew Jennifer S. , Nawrocki Steffan T.
Published: April 2023

Significantly upregulated oxidative stress response genes by pevonedistat.
Supplementary Table TS1 from Targeting NEDDylation is a Novel Strategy to Attenuate Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Jones Trace M. , Espitia Claudia M. , Chipollini Juan , Lee Benjamin R. , Wertheim Jason A. , Carew Jennifer S. , Nawrocki Steffan T.
Published: April 2023

Genes altered by 2 fold change or more by pevonedistat treatment.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Targeting NEDDylation is a Novel Strategy to Attenuate Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Jones Trace M. , Espitia Claudia M. , Chipollini Juan , Lee Benjamin R. , Wertheim Jason A. , Carew Jennifer S. , Nawrocki Steffan T.
Published: April 2023

Pevonedistat does not alter OCT2 or CTR1 expression.
Supplementary Table TS3 from Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis with the Selective VEGFR-3 Inhibitor EVT801 in Combination with Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Paillasse Michael R. , Esquerré Michael , Bertrand Florie A. , Poussereau-Pomié Céline , Pichery Mélanie , Visentin Virgile , Gueguen-Dorbes Geneviève , Gaujarengues Florence , Barron Pauline , Badet Gaelle , Briaux Anne , Ancey Pierre-Benoit , Sibrac David , Erdociain Eric , Özcelik Dennis , Meneyrol Jérôme , Martin Valérie , Gomez-Brouchet Anne , Selves Janik , Rochaix Philippe , Battistella Maxime , Lebbé Céleste , Delord Jean-Pierre , Dol-Gleizes Frédérique , Bono Françoise , Blanc Isabelle , Alam Antoine , Hunneyball Ian , Whittaker Mark , Fons Pierre
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table S3 shows pharmacokinetic parameters of EVT801 in mice and rats
Supplementary Table TS2 from Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis with the Selective VEGFR-3 Inhibitor EVT801 in Combination with Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Paillasse Michael R. , Esquerré Michael , Bertrand Florie A. , Poussereau-Pomié Céline , Pichery Mélanie , Visentin Virgile , Gueguen-Dorbes Geneviève , Gaujarengues Florence , Barron Pauline , Badet Gaelle , Briaux Anne , Ancey Pierre-Benoit , Sibrac David , Erdociain Eric , Özcelik Dennis , Meneyrol Jérôme , Martin Valérie , Gomez-Brouchet Anne , Selves Janik , Rochaix Philippe , Battistella Maxime , Lebbé Céleste , Delord Jean-Pierre , Dol-Gleizes Frédérique , Bono Françoise , Blanc Isabelle , Alam Antoine , Hunneyball Ian , Whittaker Mark , Fons Pierre
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table S2 shows EVT801 metabolite potency and selectivity profile
Supplementary Figure S1 from Targeting NEDDylation is a Novel Strategy to Attenuate Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Jones Trace M. , Espitia Claudia M. , Chipollini Juan , Lee Benjamin R. , Wertheim Jason A. , Carew Jennifer S. , Nawrocki Steffan T.
Published: April 2023

qRT-PCR of selected genes in the oxidoreductase pathway.
Supplementary Table TS1 from Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis with the Selective VEGFR-3 Inhibitor EVT801 in Combination with Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Paillasse Michael R. , Esquerré Michael , Bertrand Florie A. , Poussereau-Pomié Céline , Pichery Mélanie , Visentin Virgile , Gueguen-Dorbes Geneviève , Gaujarengues Florence , Barron Pauline , Badet Gaelle , Briaux Anne , Ancey Pierre-Benoit , Sibrac David , Erdociain Eric , Özcelik Dennis , Meneyrol Jérôme , Martin Valérie , Gomez-Brouchet Anne , Selves Janik , Rochaix Philippe , Battistella Maxime , Lebbé Céleste , Delord Jean-Pierre , Dol-Gleizes Frédérique , Bono Françoise , Blanc Isabelle , Alam Antoine , Hunneyball Ian , Whittaker Mark , Fons Pierre
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table S1 shows EVT801 potency and selectivity profile
Discrimination Experiences and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Lawrence Wayne R. , Jones Gieira S. , Johnson Jarrett A. , Ferrell Koya P. , Johnson Jacquita N. , Shiels Meredith S. , Diez Roux Ana V. , Forde Allana T.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Epidemiologic studies have documented the associations between experiences of discrimination and adverse health outcomes. However, the relationship between discrimination and mortality, and the factors that may moderate this relationship are not well understood. This study examined whether lifetime and everyday discrimination were associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and whether these associations differed by race and ethnicity, gender, and racial and ethnic residential segregation.

Methods:

The study included 1633 Black, 1403 Hispanic/Latino, and 2473 White participants aged 45 to 84 years from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, enrolled from 2000 to 2002 and followed across 5 exams (2002–2018). Discrimination was measured using the lifetime discrimination (major experiences of unfair treatment) and everyday discrimination (day-to-day experiences of unfair treatment) scales. Racial and ethnic residential segregation was measured using the
Gi*
statistic. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and clinical risk factors.

Results:

Each increase in reports of lifetime discrimination was associated with increased all-cause (HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.00–1.11]) and cardiovascular (HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.04–1.27]) mortality, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and clinical risk factors. Associations between lifetime discrimination and cardiovascular mortality were observed across all racial and ethnic groups but were strongest and only statistically significant among Black participants (HR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.02–1.37]). Additionally, in the fully adjusted model, each increase in reports of everyday discrimination was strongly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.03–1.43]). Associations for lifetime and everyday discrimination with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were not modified by race and ethnicity, gender, or racial and ethnic residential segregation.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that experiences of discrimination are associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
The Publishing Process of the First Series of Karl Marx’s Le Capital (February–October 1872)
Authors: Hemmerechts Kenneth , Echeverria Vicente Nohemi Jocabeth
Published: April 2023

The French translation of Das Kapital volume I, a work of political economy published in 44 instalments arranged in series, has an important place in the œuvre of Karl Marx. With Le Capital, Marx wanted to bring out a rendition of volume I that would appeal to the French public, and particularly to the workers. The publishing process of the first series of Le Capital took shape in the wake of the Paris Commune, which resulted in a wave of revolutionaries leaving France. Despite its importance, there are few reports that attempt to reconstruct Le Capital’s publishing process to reveal the course of events. This includes the writing, translating, editing and printing of this work. In the present text, we offer an account of how the publishing process evolved in order to better understand the working conditions that shaped the content of this French translation. We wish to concentrate on what is perhaps one of the most contentious phases in the process of publishing Le Capital, namely that of the first series.
Review of Melolontha Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from India with the description of two new species
Authors: GUPTA DEVANSHU , KEITH DENIS , BHUNIA DEBIKA , DAS PRIYANKA , GHOSH JOYJIT , CHANDRA KAILASH
Published: April 2023

The genus Melolontha Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from India is reviewed. Two new species, Melolontha arunachalensis Gupta, Keith, Bhunia, Das, Ghosh & Chandra, new species and Melolontha lachungensis Gupta, Keith, Bhunia, Das, Ghosh & Chandra, new species are described. Melolontha chinensis Guérin-Méneville, 1838 is reported for the first time from India. Taxonomic notes on the identification of previously known species of Melolontha from India are provided, together with a key to the species (males).
Malignant Melanoma of the Middle Ear: Case Report
Authors: Sermaxhaj Faton , Latifaj Besim , Sermaxhaj Besim , Sopjani Mentor
Published: April 2023

We present a case of malignant melanoma in the middle ear in a 63-year-old woman who presented with severe pain on the right side of her face and head, tinnitus, photophobia, and hemorrhagic discharge from the right ear, as well as right facial nerve paralysis. After more than two years of conservative treatment for otitis media and sclerotic mastoiditis, a pathologically enlarged lymph node on the right side of the neck appears. It is removed, and the histopathological examination reveals that it is metastatic malignant melanoma. Imaging examinations reveal a tumoral lesion in the middle ear with bone infiltration. The right middle ear is operated on, and the tissue sent for testing reveals melanoma. The patient was treated with Nivolumab after the operation and is now in sustainably good condition.
Home Alone and All Together: Lightness of agency in social inquiry
Authors: Carlsen Arne , Kvalnes Øyvind
Published: April 2023

Research has provided limited knowledge of how people in organizations experience growth of agency during circumstances that seem hopeless and stuck, and how such growth emerges. Drawing from the study of the turnaround processes at a nursing home and the Pragmatism of Dewey and Mead, we contribute with a theory of how agency is produced in social inquiry. We suggest that the puzzling accounts of lightness in the experiences of people at this nursing home help explain how a field of social inquiry may be charged with creative and agentic force. We show how agency emerged through a series of action sequences related to inviting people into inquiry through the opening of a troublesome situation, the resulting voicing of needs and ideas for improvement, as well as the subsequent experimenting and surfacing of tales of meaningful progress from such actions. Furthermore, our empirical observations suggest that the emergence of collective desire to meet the needs of the Generalized Other is a central, yet understated, part of agency produced through social inquiry. Lightness of agency may be accentuated, paradoxically, by the weight of a more generalized situation – in this case that of institutionalized care for elderly – that the local inquiry exemplifies and in which it resonates.
Individual Resilience at the Heart of Work Design: Public Servants’ Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion in a Context of Adversity
Authors: Wursthorn Max , Saliterer Iris , Korac Sanja
Published: April 2023

This study examines individual resilience as a central mechanism between work design and work-related outcomes in a context characterized by high demands and acute or prolonged adversity: child and youth welfare during an ongoing pandemic. Expanding on a survey of 602 German professionals, structural equation modeling is applied to analyze (1) the relationship between work design and individual resilience, (2) the relationship between individual resilience and work-related outcomes, and (3) the role of individual resilience as a mediator. The results reveal positive relationships between two work design factors (social impact and feedback) and individual resilience. Other work design factors that have been much debated in the context of the pandemic (i.e., working from home and client contact) were not related to individual resilience. In turn, individual resilience is favorably related to job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion. The results also confirm the mediating role of individual resilience.
Effect of RNA preservation methods on RNA quantity and quality of field-collected avian whole blood
Authors: Harvey Johanna A , Knutie Sarah A
Published: April 2023

The transcriptome comprises all RNA molecules in a sample, tissue, or organism. A limitation of comparative transcriptomic studies which compare gene expression between individuals often under some differing exposure or treatment, of wild avian populations continues to be sample preservation of high-quality RNA (i.e., ribonucleic acids that transfer, translate, and regulate the genetic code from DNA into proteins). Field sampling of wild bird blood provides challenges as RNA degradation progresses quickly, due in large part to the high nuclease content of avian blood and because cryopreservation is often not feasible at remote locations. The introduction of commercial buffers for preservation of RNA enables field-collected studies as these buffers deactivate nucleases which degrade target nucleic acids. We seek to compare the effectiveness of widely available RNA stabilizing buffers, RNAlater (Ambion) and DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo) at varying concentrations along with a dry ice-based flash freezing method to determine optimal preservation methods for field-collected avian blood samples. To determine optimal preservation methods, we assessed RNA quantity and quality metrics: RNA integrity numbers (RINe), rRNA ratios, and total RNA concentration. Nucleated red blood cells, a characteristic common across non-mammalian vertebrates, provide sufficient transcriptionally active material enabling the identification of potentially active gene regions from small and non-lethal samples (∼ 20 μl). A protocol was also optimized for total RNA extraction from avian blood samples with small starting volumes enabling sampling of birds with a minimum threshold of 5 g body mass. We found that RNA preservation buffers, RNAlater and DNA/RNA Shield at all concentrations provide sample protection from RNA degradation. We recommend that caution be exercised when using dry ice-based flash-freezing alone for sample preservation as these samples resulted in lower quality measures then samples in preservation buffer. Total RNA concentration was generally not affected by preservation treatment and may vary due to differences in initial sample volumes.
The role of telemonitoring in patients on home mechanical ventilation
Authors: van den Biggelaar Ries , Hazenberg Anda , Duiverman Marieke L.
Published: April 2023

There is a growing number of patients being treated with long-term home mechanical ventilation (HMV). This poses a challenge for the healthcare system because in-hospital resources are decreasing. The application of digital health to assist HMV care might help. In this narrative review we discuss the evidence for using telemonitoring to assist in initiation and follow-up of patients on long-term HMV. We also give an overview of available technology and discuss which parameters can be measured and how often this should be done. To get a telemonitoring solution implemented in clinical practice is often complex; we discuss which factors contribute to that. We discuss patients’ opinions regarding the use of telemonitoring in HMV. Finally, future perspectives for this rapidly growing and evolving field will be discussed.
Parent involvement in child anthropometric measurement
Authors: Rae Sarah , Ong Frank , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Hamilton Jill , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Maguire Jonathon , Birken Catherine
Published: April 2023

Background

Young children are often accompanied by their parent/caregiver when attending primary healthcare visits, where clinical procedures such as anthropometric measurements are conducted. Parents are not typically involved in their child’s anthropometric measurement collection, and there are no recommendations for parental involvement during visits. The objective of this study was to describe parents’ experiences with being involved in their child’s anthropometric measurements.

Methods

A 10-question survey comprised of scaled and open-ended questions was self-administered to participants after child anthropometric measurement collection including length/height, weight, head, arm, and waist circumference. Survey data were analyzed using a general inductive approach and thematic analysis. Surveys were collected in participating TARGet Kids! primary care practice sites in Toronto, Canada. Survey respondents included 30 parents of children < 2 years of age, and 30 parents of children 2–5 years of age.

Results

76% of parents with children aged < 2 years and 93% of those with children aged 2–5 years rated their overall experience in being involved in their child’s anthropometric measurement as enjoyable or thoroughly enjoyable. Analysis of open-ended survey questions revealed five themes: [1] parent interest in child growth; [2] ease of anthropometric measurement; [3] extended clinic visit; [4] child discomfort; and [5] interest in participating in research.

Conclusion

Parents reported a high degree of enjoyment in being involved in their child’s anthropometric measurements. Parent participation in anthropometric measurement may improve parental satisfaction with children’s primary healthcare. Future research may include assessing the reliability of measurements taken with the support of a parent/caregiver.
Recurrent prescription of sleep medication among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study of real-world registry data
Authors: Heikkala Eveliina , Jokelainen Jari , Mikkola Ilona , Auvinen Juha , Hagnäs Maria
Published: April 2023

Background

Little knowledge exists on the prevalence of recurrent sleep medication prescriptions among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aims were to examine the prevalence of recurrent sleep medication prescriptions and to elucidate the most often prescribed sleep medications in a Finnish primary care T2D population.

Methods

The study examined 4,508 T2D patients who consulted a primary health care center between 2011 and 2019 in Rovaniemi, Finland. All the data were retrieved from patient records, and recurrent sleep medication was defined as two or more prescriptions within the study period. We used the Chi-square and Kruskal–Wallis tests to compare patients who did and did not have recurrent sleep medication prescriptions.

Results

Altogether 28.1% of the T2D patients had been prescribed recurrent sleep medication. Benzodiazepine-like medication, melatonin, and mirtazapine were most often prescribed (to 56.9%, 44.4%, and 35.8%, respectively). Only 22.0% of the patients with recurrent sleep medication prescriptions had been diagnosed with a sleep disorder.

Conclusions

Recurrent sleep medication prescriptions are frequent among primary care T2D patients. It seems that sleep disorders are underdiagnosed in relation to this. Primary care clinicians should carefully estimate the need for sleep medication when treating T2D patients’ sleep problems and emphasize the diagnostic patterns of sleep problems.
Vascular features around the optic disc in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy: findings and their relationship to disease severity
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhao Hongwei , Huang Liuhui , Ma Cuixia , Wang Qiong , Liu Lei
Published: April 2023

Background

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a rare congenital disorder of retinal vascular development. We aimed to study the vascular characteristics around the optic disc in neonates with FEVR and the relationship with disease severity.

Methods

A retrospective, case-control study including 43 (58 eyes) newborn patients with FEVR at stages 1 to 3 and 30 (53 eyes) age-matched normal full-term newborns was conducted. The peripapillary vessel tortuosity (VT), vessel width (VW) and vessel density (VD) were quantified by computer technology. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) algorithm was used to visualize the relationship between the severity of FEVR and the characteristics of perioptic disc vascular parameters.

Results

The peripapillary VT, VW and VD were significantly increased in the FEVR group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that VW and VD increased significantly with progressing FEVR stage (P < 0.05). And only VT in stage 3 FEVR was significantly increased compared with stage 1 and stage 2 (P < 0.05). After controlling the confounders, ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that the VW (aOR: 1.75, P = 0.0002) and VD (aOR: 2.41, P = 0.0170) were significantly independent correlated with the FEVR stage, but VT (aOR: 1.07, P = 0.5454) was not correlated with FEVR staging. Visual analysis based on the t-SNE algorithm showed that peri-optic disc vascular parameters had a continuity along the direction of FEVR severity.

Conclusions

In the neonatal population, there were significant differences in peripapillary vascular parameters between patients with FEVR and normal subjects. Quantitative measurement of vascular parameters around the optic disc can be used as one of the indicators to assess the severity of FEVR.
Early asymptomatic graft failure in coronary artery bypass grafting: a study based on computed tomography angiography analysis
Authors: Han Zengqiang , Zhang Guodong , Chen Yu
Published: April 2023

Background

Asymptomatic graft failure after coronary bypass grafting surgery (CABG) may have negative impact on the patients’ short- and long-term outcomes. Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been proved to be another choice to detect graft failure besides coronary artery angiography in several studies. We aimed to identify the rate and predictors of asymptomatic graft failure detected by CTA before discharge.

Methods and results

A total of 955 grafts of 346 consecutive asymptomatic patients who received CTA examination after CABGs were included in this retrospective study from July 2017 to Dec 2019. We divided 955 grafts into the patent group and occluded group by CTA results. Logistic regression model at graft-level were established to determine predictors of the early asymptomatic graft occlusion. The overall asymptomatic graft failure rate was 4.71% (45/955), and there was no difference between the arterial and venous conduits in different target territories (P > 0.05). The logistic regression at graft-level analysis showed that female (OR 3.181, CI 1.58–6.40, P = 0.001), composite grafting (OR 6.762, CI 2.26–20.28, P = 0.001), pulse index value (OR 1.180, CI 1.08–1.29, P < 0.001) and new postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) (OR2.348, CI 1.15–4.78, P = 0.018) were independent risk factors that affect graft failure, while early postoperative dual-antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel was a protective factor (OR 0.403, CI 0.19–0.84, P = 0.015).

Conclusions

Early asymptomatic graft failure is associated with both patient and surgical factors including female gender, high PI value, composite graft strategy and the new POAF. However, the early dual- antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel may be useful for preventing graft failure.
Some new parameterized Newton-type inequalities for differentiable functions via fractional integrals
Authors: Ali Muhammad Aamir , Goodrich Christopher S. , Budak Hüseyin
Published: April 2023

The main goal of the current study is to establish some new parameterized Newton-type inequalities for differentiable convex functions in the setting of fractional calculus. For this, first we prove a parameterized integral identity involving fractional integrals and then prove Newton-type inequalities for differentiable convex functions. It is also shown that the newly established parameterized inequalities are refinements of the already proved inequalities in the literature for different choices of parameters. Finally, we discuss a mathematical example along with a plot to show the validity of the newly established inequalities.
Machine learning based customer churn prediction in home appliance rental business
Authors: Suh Youngjung
Published: April 2023

Customer churn is a major issue for large enterprises. In particular, in the rental business sector, companies are looking for ways to retain their customers because they are their main source of revenue. The main contribution of our work is to analyze the customer behavior information of actual water purifier rental company, where customer churn occurs very frequently, and to develop and verify the churn prediction model. A machine learning algorithm was applied to a large-capacity operating dataset of rental care service in an electronics company in Korea, to learn meaningful features. To measure the performance of the model, the F-measure and area under curve (AUC) were adopted whereby an F1 value of 93% and an AUC of 88% were achieved. The dataset containing approximately 84,000 customers was used for training and testing. Another contribution was to evaluate the inference performance of the predictive model using the contract status of about 250,000 customer data currently in operation, confirming a hit rate of about 80%. Finally, this study identified and calculated the influence of key variables on individual customer churn to enable a business person (rental care customer management staff) to carry out customer-tailored marketing to address the cause of the churn.
Gluconic acid improves performance of newly weaned piglets associated with alterations in gut microbiome and fermentation
Authors: Michiels Joris , Truffin Damien , Majdeddin Maryam , Van Poucke Mario , Van Liefferinge Elout , Van Noten Noémie , Vandaele Mario , Van Kerschaver Céline , Degroote Jeroen , Peelman Luc , Linder Pierre
Published: April 2023

Background

Weaning is a critical phase in the pigs’ life and gut health might be compromised. Gluconic acid was shown to be poorly absorbed but readily fermented to butyrate in the gut which in turn can improve gut function. Hence, a total of 144 weaning pigs were fed the experimental diets for 42 days. Three treatments were replicated in 8 pens with 6 piglets each: control; low dietary dose of gluconic acid, 9 g/kg; and high dietary dose of gluconic acid, 18 g/kg. After 21 days, one piglet from each pen was sampled for blood haematology and biochemistry, fore- and hindgut digesta characteristics and microbiota, and distal small intestinal histo-morphological indices and gene expression.

Results

Feeding gluconic acid enhanced performance in period d 0–14 post-weaning, in particular feed intake was increased (P = 0.028), though the high dose did not show benefits over the low dose. Regarding d 0–42, feed intake was elevated (P = 0.026). At d 21, piglets fed 18 g/kg gluconic acid showed a trend for lower number of total white blood cells (P = 0.060), caused by particularly lower numbers of lymphocytes as compared to control (P = 0.028). Highly reduced plasma urea was found for groups fed gluconic acid, it amounted to 2.6 and 2.6 mmol/L for the 9 and 18 g/kg level, respectively, as compared to 3.8 mmol/L in control (P = 0.003). Feeding gluconic acid promoted the relative abundance of lactic-acid-producing and acid-utilizing bacteria. In distal small intestine, Lactobacillus amylovorus increased substantially from 11.3 to 82.6% for control and gluconic acid 18 g/kg, respectively (P < 0.05). In mid-colon, the butyrate producers Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P > 0.05) and Megasphaera elsdenii (P < 0.05) showed highest abundance in gluconic acid 18 g/kg. Consequently, in caecum and mid-colon, increased relative molar percentage of butyrate were found, e.g., 10.0, 12.9 et 14.7% in caecum for gluconic acid at 0, 9, and 18 g/kg, respectively (P = 0.046). Elevated mRNA anti-inflammatory cytokine and survival signalling levels in distal small intestinal mucosa were found by feeding gluconic acid which might be mediated by butyrate.

Conclusions

Gluconic acid may have potential to alleviate the postweaning growth-check in pigs by altering microbiota composition and fermentation in the gut.
Dynamic portfolio choice with uncertain rare-events risk in stock and cryptocurrency markets
Authors: Lv Wujun , Pang Tao , Xia Xiaobao , Yan Jingzhou
Published: April 2023

In response to the unprecedented uncertain rare events of the last decade, we derive an optimal portfolio choice problem in a semi-closed form by integrating price diffusion ambiguity, volatility diffusion ambiguity, and jump ambiguity occurring in the traditional stock market and the cryptocurrency market into a single framework. We reach the following conclusions in both markets: first, price diffusion and jump ambiguity mainly determine detection-error probability; second, optimal choice is more significantly affected by price diffusion ambiguity than by jump ambiguity, and trivially affected by volatility diffusion ambiguity. In addition, investors tend to be more aggressive in a stable market than in a volatile one. Next, given a larger volatility jump size, investors tend to increase their portfolio during downward price jumps and decrease it during upward price jumps. Finally, the welfare loss caused by price diffusion ambiguity is more pronounced than that caused by jump ambiguity in an incomplete market. These findings enrich the extant literature on effects of ambiguity on the traditional stock market and the evolving cryptocurrency market. The results have implications for both investors and regulators.
Dalit in Black America
Authors: Yengde Suraj
Published: April 2023

This article theorizes the gravitas of historical solidarity through a budding Dalit-Black archive. It looks at intersections of race and caste projects within the African American public sphere through an anchoring lens of concern for Dalits in India. The Black universalist vision exercised through media encompassed Dalit ontology and body politic as queering. Through “sibling solidarity,” it expanded the conceptual identification of similar conditions as opposed to an emphasis on sameness or likeness to build solidarity. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, untouchability and colonialism were two prisms through which the Black public sphere reorganized its internationalism, often drawing on race-caste analogies to describe the complicated patterns of post-slavery society and to imaginatively formulate potential communities across diverse geographies. The foremost Dalit figure B. R. Ambedkar was an important reference point. His moves and strategies were reported in the African American press and intellectuals and leaders drew inspiration from his works. It is through Ambedkar that archives of Dalit-Black struggles were built, and in recent years Ambedkar has resurfaced as part of a growing interest in challenging dominant narratives of solidarity between the Black elite and Indian dominant castes. By informing contemporary discourses of race and caste with their more particular histories, we might build new social imaginaries founded not on an identification as sameness but rather through a feeling of relation/relatedness with another.
A Preoperative Scoring System to Predict Function-Based Resection Limitation Due to Insufficient Participation During Awake Surgery
Authors: Elia Angela , Young Jacob S. , Simboli Giorgia Antonia , Roux Alexandre , Moiraghi Alessandro , Trancart Bénédicte , Al-Adli Nadeem , Aboubakr Oumaima , Bedioui Aziz , Leclerc Arthur , Planet Martin , Parraga Eduardo , Benevello Chiara , Oppenheim Catherine , Chretien Fabrice , Dezamis Edouard , Berger Mitchel S. , Zanello Marc , Pallud Johan
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

Failure in achieving a function-based resection related to the insufficient patient's participation is a drawback of awake surgery.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess preoperative parameters predicting the risk of patient insufficient intraoperative cooperation leading to the arrest of the awake resection.

METHODS:

Observational, retrospective, multicentric cohort analysis enrolling 384 (experimental dataset) and 100 (external validation dataset) awake surgeries.

RESULTS:

In the experimental data set, an insufficient intraoperative cooperation occurred in 20/384 patients (5.2%), leading to awake surgery failure in 3/384 patients (ie, no resection, 0.8%), and precluded the achievement of the function-based resection in 17/384 patients (ie, resection limitation, 4.4%). The insufficient intraoperative cooperation significantly reduced the resection rates (55.0% vs 94.0%, P < .001) and precluded a supratotal resection (0% vs 11.3%, P = .017). Seventy years or older, uncontrolled epileptic seizures, previous oncological treatment, hyperperfusion on MRI, and mass effect on midline were independent predictors of insufficient cooperation during awake surgery (P < .05). An Awake Surgery Insufficient Cooperation score was then assessed: 96.9% of patients (n = 343/354) with a score ≤2 presented a good intraoperative cooperation, while only 70.0% of patients (n = 21/30) with a score >2 presented a good intraoperative cooperation. In the experimental data set, similar date were found: 98.9% of patients (n = 98/99) with a score ≤2 presented a good cooperation, while 0% of patients (n = 0/1) with a score >2 presented a good cooperation.

CONCLUSION:

Function-based resection under awake conditions can be safely performed with a low rate of insufficient patient intraoperative cooperation. The risk can be assessed preoperatively by a careful patient selection.
Nesting stratum and habitat affinity matter in ant assemblage response to forest-pasture shifting
Authors: Sales Francisco Matheus da Silva , Schmidt Fernando Augusto
Published: April 2023

Ants have been extensively used as bioindicators, however ants from different nest stratum and habitat affinity groups could distinctly respond to a same ecological process and environmental impact. In this study, we evaluated if nest stratum and habitat affinity matter in the response of ant assemblages to forest-pasture shifting. We tested the response of number of species in entire ant assemblages (soil surface and subterranean) and in each ant fauna stratum (only soil surface and only subterranean). In both cases, we also tested the response of number of ant species of each habitat affinity groups (forest specialist, open-habitat specialist and generalist). Ants were sampled in three plots for each habitat type in Southwestern Brazilian Amazon. We sampled 124 ant species. Only for soil surface ant assemblages, the number of species was different between the two habitats types, among habitat affinity ant groups and their number of species also changed with habitat shifting. Therefore, we corroborate the inclusion of samplings in different nest stratum and recommend the classification of ants according to their habitat affinity in monitoring programs that use ants as bioindicator. However, efforts must be done to improve the information availability on habitat affinity of ant species.
Global order and its enemies
Authors: Moszyński Michał
Published: April 2023

Motivation: A series of crises have demonstrated the low resilience of the global economy to shocks and triggered a discussion about the possible end of globalisation understood as the unrestrained growth of mutual trade and business ties on a global scale. The emerging tendencies to shorten supply chains and block trade as well as calls for an active and strategic trade policy are contributing to the decay of the liberal global order built after World War II. The potential disintegration of the world economy into antagonised blocs and the conflict between the Western model of liberal democracy and autocratic regimes should be considered particularly dangerous. The above phenomena deserve the utmost attention, and the desire to understand them has provided inspiration for taking up this topic.Aim: This study aims to define and interpret the concept of global order in both economic and political dimensions. In this context, two interrelated questions are addressed. The first one is about the character of the global order after World War II and the second one concerns the causes and consequences of its decay.Results: The emerging disintegrative tendencies in the global economy and the anarchisation of international economic relations constitute a negative-sum game. Globalisation has allowed most countries in the world to achieve significant gains in wealth. The benefits that it provides to consumers are too great to be consciously abandoned in favour of an autarkic economic model. Capitalism seems to be able to operate under very different political regimes, hence — with all the differences between political models at the national level — it creates an effective platform for cooperation on the global stage. Nevertheless, the end of the “peace dividend” indicates that effectively preventing the danger of armed conflict by means of economic and military deterrence will be an important part of the future world order.
The illiberal model of state capitalism in Poland
Authors: Piątek Dawid
Published: April 2023

Motivation: There is growing awareness that a new model of capitalism is emerging. The 2008–2009 Global Financial Crisis was a catalyst for redefining the role of the state in the economy, and as a result state involvement in the economy has been on the rise since then. We can also observe changes in political situation: democracy has been backsliding globally, authoritarian, and populist tendencies are growing. In some countries, those two tendencies are present, and as a result the illiberal model of state capitalism emerged. In recent years, in Poland, state involvement in the economy was growing and authoritarian tendencies were visible. In this context, it is worth asking if there is an illiberal model of state capitalism in Poland?Aim: The aim of the presented paper is to evaluate the political and economic situation in Poland and to check whether there are changes that could be interpreted as building illiberal state capitalism.Results: The results indicate that in Poland many illiberal statist tendencies could be identified.
Rhythmic auditory stimulation to improve gait rehabilitation outcomes for children with acquired brain injury: a pilot study
Authors: Kelly Gemma , Pool Jonathan , Hamilton Colin , Rodda Jill
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims

Children with severe acquired brain injury frequently have walking rehabilitation goals. The aim of this study was to investigate if rhythmic auditory stimulation would improve walking speed and gait quality in children with acquired brain injury.

Methods

A total of four children were included in this study (age 10–12 years; mean time since acquired brain injury 12.75 weeks). A multiple baseline single case experimental study design was followed. The baseline phase (phase A) consisted of standard rehabilitation (10 physiotherapy sessions a week) and for the intervention phase (phase B), two out of the 10 sessions were replaced with rhythmic auditory stimulation. A 10-metre walk test and the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score was completed twice a week at the beginning and end of the session. Visual analysis of level, slope and trend, and statistical analysis of effect size (Tau-U) was conducted across phases. Descriptive analysis of within-session change was completed.

Results

All children showed improvement. In the 10-metre walk test, three children demonstrated a steeper trendline in phase A and one child demonstrated consistent trendlines between phases A and B. Tau-U indicated a small effect size (−0.207 (z =−1.32, P=0.1853)) that was not statistically significant for the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score; one child showed a steeper trendline in phase A and one in phase B, while others were consistent. One child’s Edinburgh Visual Gait Score improved greatly in phase B. Tau-U indicated a large effect size (−0.6235 (z=−3.9981, P=0.0001)) that was statistically significant. Within session changes indicated that, overall, children showed greater immediate changes with the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score and 10-metre walk test with the rhythmic auditory stimulation than with standard physiotherapy.

Conclusions

In addition to standard physiotherapy, rhythmic auditory stimulation may be of benefit to children relearning to walk after an acquired brain injury, potentially having a greater effect on gait biomechanics than walking speed. Rhythmic auditory stimulation can be considered alongside other gait interventions, but more research is required.
Chest Compressions and Defibrillation as Aerosolgenerating Procedures
Authors: Millington Timothy Ian , Chilcott Robert P , Williams Julia
Published: April 2023

SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious respiratory pathogen associated with significant mortality in certain patient populations. Patients may be asymptomatic, which causes problems regarding infection control and prevention. Health professionals are required to adhere to strict protocols regarding infection control and personal protective equipment (PPE), particularly when engaging in resuscitation activities thought to be aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs). While adherence to enhanced PPE protocols can delay life-saving interventions, non-adherence may put responders at risk. The aim of this scoping literature review was to establish if chest compressions and defibrillation should be classified as AGPs. Following application of systematic literature search criteria, a limited selection of studies was identified in relation to chest compressions and defibrillation as AGPs. An assumption that endotracheal intubation posed a high risk of nosocomial transmission was noted. Emerging evidence suggests that endotracheal intubation produces fewer aerosol particles than coughing so could be classed as a low-risk-procedure. Because of the lack of adequate prospective studies investigating chest compressions and defibrillation as AGPs, there is a clear need to perform further, well-controlled studies to better understand the aerosol-generating potential of chest compressions and defibrillation.
Managing smoking cessation in primary care
Authors: Cope Graham F.
Published: April 2023

Smoking remains a significant preventable cause of serious chronic diseases. Smokers should be advised about quitting at every opportunity, using very brief advice as a quick and reliable method to instigate empathetic support and understanding, which encourages smokers to consider quitting. Nicotine replacement therapy, especially combining a long-release and short-release formulae, should be the first step in the use of pharmaceutical aids. Ideally, heavily dependent smokers should also be prescribed varenicline, but this is currently unavailable in the UK. An alternative is bupropion, which should be a consideration. However, it is less effective, with more side effects. Electronic cigarettes have been recommended as a suitable quitting aid, and also for harm reduction in those who are not yet ready to stop smoking.
Chromatic aberration correction based on cross-channel information alignment in microscopy
Authors: Wang Yue , Lei Jiarui , Zheng Jianfeng , Wang Xulongqi , Cheng Miao , Liu Ming , Zhang Junan , Chen Weibin , Hu Xiaoyao , Gu Weizhong , Guo Shiwei , Hu Xiaobo , Gao Zhigang , Liu Dong
Published: April 2023

A microscope usually consists of dozens of complex lenses and requires careful
assembly, alignment, and testing before use. Chromatic aberration
correction is a significant step in the design of microscopes.
Reducing chromatic aberration by improving optical design will
inevitably increase the overall weight and size of the microscope,
leading to more cost in manufacturing and maintenance. Nevertheless,
the improvement in hardware can only achieve limited correction. In
this paper, we propose an algorithm based on cross-channel information
alignment to shift some of the correction tasks from optical design to
post-processing. Additionally, a quantitative framework is established
to evaluate the performance of the chromatic aberration algorithm. Our
algorithm outperforms the other state-of-the-art methods in both
visual appearance and objective assessments. The results indicate that
the proposed algorithm can effectively obtain higher-quality images
without changing the hardware or engaging the optical parameters.
Distributed focusing reduces mirror error sensitivity on x-ray beamlines
Authors: Pickworth Louisa A. , Sankari Rami
Published: April 2023

The appearance of very low emittance, high-power synchrotron sources
has resulted in ever longer beamlines, often requiring a very weak
curvature on the mirrors that transport the beam to the experiment,
where the radius of curvature is on the order of kilometers.
Manufacturing weakly curved, low figure error grazing incidence
mirrors is difficult as the mirrors must be manufactured to an
accuracy comparable to the wavelength of the transmitted light. Often
the delivered mirrors have figure errors at various length scales
(general shape, slope errors, roughness), which compromise image
quality. An error in general shape, like the radii of a toroidal
mirror, results in long-sighted or short-sighted imaging that is not
so simply corrected by changing the distances and incidence angles as
the mirror controls the beam focus in both vertical and horizontal
directions; for a toroidal mirror, the tangential and sagittal radii
need to match correctly for the desired focusing effect. Adaptive
downstream optics can compensate for this. In this paper, an
alternative method to reduce the sensitivity to a large radius error
outside the specified tolerance range in the first mirror of a plane
grating monochromator beamline at MAX IV is presented. It is found
that distributed focusing by two passive, fixed radius mirrors reduces
greatly the sensitivity to the radius errors in both mirrors. The
radius tolerance of a mirror initially found to be unacceptable for
single stage focusing is easily accommodated on both mirrors in
distributed focusing, without compromising the imaging capability.