bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PHENOMENON OF GREEN TRADE PROTECTIONISM: ANALYSIS OF THE EU PALM OIL IMPORT BAN IN THE ASEAN REGION
Authors: Umarach Maretha Syawallin
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The policy issued by the European Union is the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) that turn creates barriers to palm oil exports from other countries to the European Union. The policy to ban palm oil under the pretext of protecting the environment is considered to be a new obstacle to trade. One of the rejection responses came from the ASEAN region. However, even though it has received a lot of protests and rejections, until 2020 the European Union has not changed its policy regarding the ban on the use of palm oil for biodiesel in the European region.Methods: This article focuses on the reasons for the European Union implementing protectionism policies towards the Palm Oil sector in the ASEAN region. The explanation regarding this focus is explained using the Neo Mercantilism approach.Results: The policy to ban palm oil imports can be analyzed to respond to the EU's ambition and concern that the climate emergency will jeopardize the trade process in the future. The European Union research group considers that oil palm plants have a high contribution to the problem of deforestation and forest and peatland diversion in the world, especially ASEAN. Howeever, it can also be seen that there are ambitions to protect the domestic production of biofuels from the EU sunflower and radishes from global competition. The above concerns and motivations then prompted the European Union to formulate protectionism for regional economic stability.Conclusion and suggestion: ASEAN, especially Indonesia and Malaysia, have become quite vocal actors in responding to this policy. Indonesia and Malaysia are the biggest contributors of palm oil exports to Europe. As well as causing an oversupply of global palm oil supplies, this policy is considered to discriminate against and violate free-trade norms.
Nexus Unclassified Loans, Classified Loans, and Profitability
Authors: Paul Sujan Chandra , Islam Mohammad Rakibul , Mitu Sharmin Akter
Published: November 2021

This study investigates the impact of some variables such as total revenue, total assets, total liabilities, total deposits, total unclassified loans, total classified loans, standard loans, special mention account loans, sub-standard loans, doubtful loans, and bad and loss loans on profit before tax. Unbalanced Panel Data were collected from the website of 45Commercial Bank of Bangladesh from the year 2010 to 2018. Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Pooled Ordinary Least Square (POLS), Driscoll-Kraay (DK), Second Stage Least square (2SLS), Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) methods are used in this study. This research found that total revenue had a significant positive relationship with profit before tax in all the models except DK and GMM models. Total unclassified loans had a significant positive relationship and total liabilities had a significant negative relationship with profit before tax in all the models. Special mention account loans had a significant positive relationship with profit before tax in OLS and DK models and total classified loans had a significant positive relationship with profit before tax in GMM model.
MENGEMBANGKAN KOGNITIF ANAK MELALUI MODEL TAKE AND GIVE, MODEL SAVI, DAN METODE DRILL PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Putri Shonia Ade , Suriansyah Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan dan pengembangan kemampuan aspek kognitif dalam mengklasifikasikan benda berdasarkan warna, bentuk, dan ukuran menggunakan kombinasi model take and give, model savi, dan metode drill. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan subyek penelitian 10 anak laki-laki dan 7 anak perempuan kelompok B2 PAUD Terpadu Aisyiyah 39 Al Ummah. Penelitian dilaksanakan sebanyak 4 kali pertemuan dengan hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa dengan menerapkan kombinasi model take and give, model savi, dan metode drill dapat meningkatkan aktivitas guru hingga mencapai 97%, aktivitas anak mencapai 100%, dan hasil perkembangan kognitif anak mencapai 100%. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam pemilihan model dalam mengembangkan kemampuan kognitif dalam mengklasifikasikan benda berdasarkan warna, bentuk,dan ukuran pada anak.Kata kunci: Kognitif, mengklasifikasikan benda , model take and give, model savi, metode drill                                          Abstract The ability to recognize good and bad behavior in children is not in accordance with the expected level of achievement, this is due to the teacher's side in the form of less class mastery, delivery of material which only uses lecture and question and answer methods. In addition, learning is also too dominated by teachers so that children become passive. To solve this problem, a combination of the Examples Non Examples model with the HeadTogether (NHT) Model Number and Make A Match can be done. This study aims to increase teacher activity, children's activities, and the development outcomes of children's religious and moral values. This classroom action research was carried out through 3 meetings. The results showed that by applying a combination of the Examples Non Examples model with the Number Head Together (NHT) and Make A Match model, teacher activity could increase up to 86%, children's activities reached 84%, and the results cognitive development of children reaches 85%. The results of this study can be used as an alternative in choosing a model in developing the ability of religious and moral values in early childhood. Keywords: Cognitif, classify object, take and give model, savi model, drill method
DIAGNOSIS KESULITAN BERHITUNG PADA ANAK KELAS RENDAH
Authors: Prastitasari Herti , Sa’dijah Cholis S , Wasita Aji Styo Mahendra
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendiagnosis kesulitan berhitung, faktor penyebab kesulitan berhitung dan solusi mengatasi permasalahan kesulitan belajar berhitung yang dialami siswa kelas rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan tes, observasi, dan wawancara. Data yang dikumpulkan di analisis dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penyimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang diperoleh, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek yang berkemampuan tinggi tidak mengalami kesulitan berhitung. Subjek yang berkemampuan sedang mengalami kesulitan pada pemahaman konsep, sulit membedakan simbol operasi, sulit menerapkan prinsip berhitung dan sulit menerjemahkan soal. Subjek yang berkemampuan rendah mengalami kesulitan berhitung dan membedakan simbol operasi, sulit menerjemahkan soal, dan sulit menerapkan prinsip berhitung. Faktor penyebab kesulitan berhitung adalah kurangnya motivasi dan minat siswa dalam belajar serta siswa belum lancar membaca. Solusi dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut memanamkan konsep penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan kepada anak menggunakan benda konkret dan semi konkret, soal yang disajikan menggunakan soal berbentuk gambar baik soal rutin maupun soal cerita
MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN ASPEK MOTORIK HALUS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL EXPLICIT INSTRUCTION DIKOMBINASIKAN DENGAN MODEL TALKING STICK DAN MEDIA KERTAS PADA ANAK KELOMPOK A
Authors: Faizah Ghina , Wahyudi Muhammad Dani
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas guru, aktivitas anak dan hasil capaian perkembangan anak pada aspek motorik halus dalam mengkoordinasikan mata dan tangan untuk melakukan gerakan yang rumit menggunakan model explicit instruction dikombinasikan dengan model talking stick dan media kertas pada anak kelompok A TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 1 Banjarmasin Utara. Jumlah anak yang menjadi subjek penelitian adalah 15 orang anak yang terdiri dari 6 orang anak perempuan dan 9 orang anak laki-laki. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan data kualitatif diperoleh dari lembar observasi guru dan anak, serta data kuantitatif di peroleh dari lembar hasil capaian perkembangan anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan pembelajaran dengan model explicit instruction dikombinasikan dengan model talking stick dan media kertas dapat memperbaiki aktivitas guru dengan kategori sangat baik, aktivitas anak menjadi sangat aktif dan perkembangan aspek motorik halus mencapai dengan berkembang sangat baik
O QUE O REGIONALISMO DIZ SOBRE O SENSO DE LUGAR? PARA PENSAR A COMUNICAÇÃO A PARTIR DO NORTE
Authors: Santi Vilso Junior , Oliveira Filho José Tarcisio
Published: November 2021

As tensões entre global e local têm sido problematizadas no contexto em que as mídias de radiodifusão e impressa são gradativamente reinventadas diante das plataformas virtuais e das atualizações dos ecossistemas midiáticos. Num determinado momento histórico, na concretização do que Marshall McLuhan no início da década de 60 idealizou como sendo a “aldeia global” por meio das formações de redes de informações globais, especulava-se que a atenção do campo da Comunicação iria se voltar para as interações oriundas de uma escala mais ampla, permeada pelos grandes fluxos informativos e do big data. Entretanto, atualmente torna-se visível um sentido que não é oposto, mas complementar a essa dinâmica: a reafirmação dos regionalismos, de se pensar as mediações e os fluxos informativos nos locais dos sujeitos, sem contar ainda a atenção dada ao small data, com ênfase aos interesses específicos das pessoas. Essas concepções não são uma defesa a favor da valorização do espaço físico em detrimento do virtual, mas o reconhecimento de que diante do avanço da mobilidade no tempo e no espaço, também emerge a importância de demarcar o lugar do indivíduo no mundo – e nisso, as mídias ocupam uma função-chave de fornecer informações sobre este lugar.
PARANOID: Música de protesto nos anos 1960 – 1970
Authors: Vieira Ivânia Maria Carneiro , Queiroz Thaís Andrade
Published: November 2021

Este estudo busca compreender as mensagens de protesto por meio da música da banda Black Sabbathresponsável por um dos maiores fenômenos musicais mundiais ao lançar o álbum Paranoid. Letras, som e vestuário compuseram uma coletânea que mobilizou milhares de jovens em todo o mundo. O movimento instaurado pelo grupo inglês criticava os governos como produtores de guerras, das violências e da destruição da Natureza, apresentando outra performance na maneira de comunicar por meio de músicas de protesto que registraram tais fatos. Impacto que chegou a ser alvo de censura porque a banda influenciava profundamente a geração jovem da época. Os conflitos do Século XX, tratados pelo gênero heavy metal, contêm similaridade com os deste século e reativam os sons de protesto que impactam, nesta era de globalização, o campo comunicacional e o jornalismo cultural. Compreendê-los é desafio de sintonizar as faixas, as batidas e desvelar os gritos musicais.
IGUALDADE NA DIFERENÇA: REPRESENTAÇÕES IDENTITÁRIAS NOS DOCUMENTÁRIOS LIMITADO, EU? E A INTOLERÂNCIA QUE MATA DA TV ALE-RR
Authors: Nunes Pinto Sonia Lucia
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho busca analisar a TV Assembleia Legislativa de Roraima (TV institucional de caráter público) nas suas produções de sentidos. Para isso, observa-se a construção dos discursos de cidadania e de identidade política inclusiva para além da tela da TV, por meio dos documentários Limitado, eu? e A intolerância que mata, produzidos pelo jornalista Rubens Medeiros, em 2018. Os aportes teórico-metodológicos utilizados tratam sobre Estudos Culturais (identidade, cultura), pós-coloniais e meios de comunicação de massa. Até o momento, constatou-se que a construção identitária é resultado das práticas sociais no processo comunicacional, em que os significados são instituídos pela sociedade, como uma visão de si mesma.
VAI TER PAI COM VAGINA SIM! DA (TRANS)PARENTALIDADE À TRANSFOBIA NA REPRESENTAÇÃO MASCULINA DE THAMMY MIRANDA EM UMA PROPAGANDA DE DIA DOS PAIS
Authors: Freitas Petkovic de Carvalho Pereira Raphaella
Published: November 2021

Ultimamente, o Brasil tem vivenciado um notório aumento no número de famílias compostas por pais LGBTQI+. Essas famílias são estigmatizadas pela sociedade, muitas vezes preconceituosa e heteronormativa, demonstrando uma grande necessidade de mudança de pensamentos e convicções sociais. Tomamos por base o anúncio na mídia digital da campanha de Dia dos Pais “#meupaipresente”, em julho, pela empresa de cosméticos Natura, tendo como uma das estrelas o empresário Thammy Miranda, um pai transgênero. A propaganda movimentou as redes sociais e provocou as mais diversas reações na mídia, desde apoio até comentários transfóbicos e pedidos de boicote à marca pela não concordância em Thammy representar a figura paterna, utilizando-se majoritariamente da questão biológica como argumento. Considerando que os conteúdos simbólicos são úteis para as transformações sociais, historicizando as questões atuais, desnaturalizando o preconceito e afastando a discriminação (Spink e Medrado, 2004) e que o gênero é uma construção social e não biológica (Butler, 1991), as conclusões deste artigo apontam que a existência de diversos núcleos familiares, inclusive com transgêneros - ou (trans)parentais - são uma realidade no Brasil, devendo ser representados e legitimados, inclusive midiaticamente, sem tomar por base estereótipos e preconceitos.
AŞIRI İFA GÜÇLÜĞÜ HÜKMÜNÜN TİCARİ İŞ VE BASİRETLİ İŞ ADAMI AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AKSOY Nazim
Published: November 2021

Ticaret hukukunun genel hükümlerinden biri olarak nitelendirilen husus, tacirin ticaretine ait faaliyetlerinde basiretli bir iş adamı gibi davranma yükümlülüğüdür. Ticari hayatın özel hükümlerinden biri olarak nitelendirilen diğer bir husus ise ticari iş karinesidir. Bu karine gereği asıl olan tacirin işlerinin ticari sayılmasıdır. Ancak gerçek kişi olan tacir tarafından, işlemin yapıldığı sırada bunun ticari işletmesiyle ilgili olmadığının karşı tarafa açıkça bildirildiği veya işin ticari sayılmasına durum elverişli olmadığında bu karinenin geçerli olmayacağı görülmektedir. Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nda yer alan aşırı ifa güçlüğü hükmü tacirler için, ticari iş karinesi ve basiretlilik yükümlülüğü açısından ne gibi sonuçlar doğurabilecektir? Bu bağlamda, özellikle de ulusal veya uluslararası etkenlerin (idari kısıtlamalar, pandemi, doğal afet vs. irade dışı nedenler) söz konusu olduğu dönemlerde aşırı ifa güçlüğü hükmünden yararlanma imkânının ticaret hukuku açısından irdelenmesi gerekir.
Consumo de basuco en mujeres transgénero, de tres ciudades de Colombia
Authors: Ramos Jaraba Sara Milena , Berbesí Fernández Dedsy Yajaira , Trejos-Castillo Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo describir los factores asociados al consumo de basuco en mujeres transgénero de tres ciudades de Colombia. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, a través del muestreo dirigido por los entrevistados (MDE) y en el cual participaron 688 mujeres transgénero de Bogotá, Medellín y Santiago de Cali. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, asociaciones bivariadas y una regresión de tipo binomial. La prevalencia del consumo de basuco fue de 11%, y los factores asociados a su consumo entre las MT fueron, ser de estrato socioeconómico bajo, vivir sola, percibirse vulnerable al VIH, haber tenido una ITS en el último año y consumir marihuana. El consumo de sustancias en las MT en Colombia es elevado al compararlo con población general, se evidencia que el consumo de basuco se enmarca en el contexto de vulnerabilidad social. Es necesario incentivar la creación de políticas y programas con un abordaje integral en salud, que tengan como uno de los ejes de acción la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas entre las mujeres transgénero, teniendo en cuenta sus particularidades y características sociodemográficas y económicas.
Consumo de alcohol y caracterización de los bebedores problemáticos en Galicia.
Authors: Rey-Brandariz Julia , Pérez-Ríos Mónica , Santiago-Pérez María Isolina , Fontela Beatriz , Malvar Alberto , Hervada Xurxo
Published: November 2021

Conocer en detalle la epidemiología del consumo de alcohol a nivel poblacional es indispensable para diseñar programas de Salud Pública eficaces. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron estimar la prevalencia del consumo de alcohol diario, ocasional, esporádico, intensivo y problemático entre los gallegos de 16 y más años y caracterizar a los bebedores problemáticos teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva de género. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 2017 entre la población mayor de 15 años residente en Galicia en el marco del Sistema de Información sobre Conductas de Riesgo (SICRI). En 2017, se entrevistaron 7.841 adultos seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Se incluyeron preguntas relacionadas con el consumo de alcohol en el último mes y se estimó la prevalencia de consumo problemático empleando el test AUDIT. Para caracterizar a los bebedores problemáticos se ajustó un modelo de regresión logística multivariante. El 18,8% de la población gallega consumía alcohol a diario y el 3,4% tenían un consumo problemático. Las prevalencias de consumo de alcohol diario, ocasional, esporádico, intensivo o problemático fueron más altas entre los hombres y variaron por edad. La prevalencia de consumo diario-ocasional y esporádico fue más alta a edades medias (45-64 años), y el intensivo y problemático entre los 16 y 24 años. Las características asociadas a un consumo problemático de alcohol varían por sexo, identificándose características comunes como la edad o ser fumador de tabaco o cannabis, y diferenciales como el nivel de estudios. Las tipologías de consumo cambian en función de la edad y del sexo. Los sistemas de vigilancia deberían monitorizar de forma periódica el consumo de alcohol para adaptar las medidas de prevención a cambios en la tipología de consumo.
Concurrencia de trastorno por consumo de sustancias y de otro trastorno mental en personas en tratamiento por alguno de ellos en España
Authors: Fernández-Miranda Juan José , Fontoba-Díaz Julio , Díaz-Fernández Silvia , Pascual-Pastor Francisco
Published: November 2021

La concurrencia de trastornos por consumo de sustancias (TUS) y de otros trastornos mentales (OTM) es desconocida en su conjunto en España, y su abordaje se hace desde diferentes redes asistenciales. El objetivo del presente estudio era conocer la prevalencia de esta comorbilidad tanto en las redes de tratamiento de las adicciones como en las de salud mental. Se diseñó un estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico, con una muestra aleatorizada de pacientes en tratamiento por TUS u OTM en diferentes Comunidades Autónomas (N=1.783). Se completó un cuestionario ad hoc on-line recogiendo variables sociodemográficas, sobre uso de sustancias, y de diagnósticos de TUS y de OTM.Los datos obtenidos en la encuesta arrojan una importante concurrencia de diagnósticos TUS y OTM. Se encontró una elevada prevalencia de OTM en aquellos en tratamiento en redes de adicciones por su TUS (71%) y también tanto de diagnósticos de T.U. de cualquier sustancia (68,9%) como de consumo activo de sustancias (50%, exceptuando tabaco) en las personas en tratamiento por diagnósticos de OTM en redes de salud mental. Y, además, relaciones significativas entre la adicción a determinadas sustancias y trastornos mentales concretos: trastorno de personalidad con todos los TUS; trastornos psicóticos con trastorno por uso de cannabis, pero no de cocaína; trastornos afectivos con trastornos por consumo de cocaína, y trastorno de ansiedad con trastorno por uso de cannabis. Este estudio aporta información preliminar sobre la elevada coexistencia en la práctica clínica habitual de trastornos adictivos y otros trastornos mentales en España, tanto en redes asistenciales de salud mental como específicas de adicciones.
Aprendizaje y memoria verbal: Comparación entre pacientes con trastorno por consumo de alcohol y trastorno de depresión mayor
Authors: Villa Diez Rocio , Rodríguez-Revuelta Julia , Espandian Ashkan , Menéndez-Miranda Isabel , Dal Santo Francesco , García-Portilla María Paz , Flórez Gerardo , Bobes Julio , Sáiz Martínez Pilar Alejandra
Published: November 2021

El daño cerebral relacionado con el consumo de alcohol se asocia a alteraciones de las funciones cognitivas, entre las que destacan memoria y aprendizaje verbal. El objetivo principal es evaluar memoria y aprendizaje verbal en una muestra de 111 pacientes con trastorno por consumo de alcohol (TCA) versus 78 con trastorno de depresión mayor (TDM) y 100 controles sanos. La evaluación incluyó variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, la Escala de Hamilton para la Depresión (HDRS) y el Test de Aprendizaje Verbal de California (CVLT). Se utilizó ANOVA de un factor para comparaciones entre los 3 grupos y ANCOVAS bidireccionales incluyendo diferentes covariables. El ANOVA de un factor muestra que los pacientes con TCA y TDM obtienen puntuaciones similares entre sí e inferiores a las del grupo control (p < 0,001), con excepción del CVLT Guiado (peores puntuaciones en TDM vs TCA, p < 0,001). Tras incluir como covariables la edad, sexo y los años de estudios completados, persisten las diferencias entre los grupos de TCA y TDM frente al grupo control (p ≤ 0,003) en todos los índices con excepción del CVLT Libre Inmediato y del CVLT Guiado (peor rendimiento en TDM vs TCA, p = 0,022 y p = 0,035, respectivamente). En el segundo ANCOVA, tras controlar por gravedad de la depresión, únicamente se detectan diferencias entre los pacientes con TCA y los controles sanos (p ≤ 0,007). Los pacientes con TCA presentan una importante alteración en aprendizaje y memoria verbal al compararlos con pacientes con TDM y con personas sanas.
The Legal Policy of Executability in the International Arbitral Tribunal Decision for Settlement of Investment Disputes
Authors: Sentani Rachel Georghea , Wolde Mathijs Ten
Published: November 2021

The growing number of investment disputes indicates more challenging and controversial matters in the various arbitration practices. However, the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) rules do not entirely solve the problem in the arbitration process. This study aims to explain how the ICSID tribunal’s inherent reconsideration power can be exercised to “fill the gap” in arbitration proceedings. This study concludes that it can be enforced under Article 44 of the ICSID Convention, which decides the question submitted to the tribunal that the ICSID Convention does not cover. Second, in completing this study, the wording of Rules 19 of Arbitration Rules gives an almost similar order to the tribunals in the case of absence in the conduct of proceedings. Third, under Rule 38 (2) Arbitration Rules, the tribunals can exercise the reconsideration power when discovering new facts that decisively affect the case's outcome.
Mining Corruption and Environmental Degradation in Indonesia: Critical Legal Issues
Authors: Tegnan Hilaire , Karjoko Lego , Barkhuizen Jaco , Bajrektarevic Anis H
Published: November 2021

Indonesia has enacted mining law, environmental protection law, and a number of rules addressing mining and environmental issues. However, the establishment of these numerous laws and regulations has not resulted in a decline in corruption cases and environmental degradation. In fact, government officials are frequently lenient with mining industry owners who fail to follow good environmental standards. This is critical since Indonesia has spent the last two decades attempting to resolve corruption and environmental challenges. This study describes specific instances of mining and environmental law confusion resulting from corrupt activities. The study takes a normative legal approach. Resources have been gathered through examinations of mining and environmental laws and regulations, as well as reports by multiple authorities that track the same subject. The study demonstrates how prior Indonesian mining law policy acknowledged regional governments as mining authorities. The policy has caused widespread mining corruption, particularly in the area of business permits, involving regional political leaders and the private sector. The irresponsibility of regional political elites has jeopardized the environment and ecosystem. It is also an echo of overlapping legislation and authorities in the mining and environmental sectors.
A narrative inquiry of socio-scientific issues-based e-learning development in biology to promote student health literacy
Authors: Subiantoro Agung Wijaya , Handziko Rio C. , Wibowo Yuni
Published: November 2021

Study on e-learning implementation has been growing as a great interest particularly in biology education research and practice. Whilst a number of research has shown various modes of e-learning, however, there is still a lack of understanding on how e-learning can be applied for health literacy orientation in biology instruction. This research aimed to develop a conceptual framework of SSI-based e-learning in biology to promote student health literacy. This research was conducted in narrative inquiry design. Nine people including five biology teachers, two experts in health education and two science teachers who are practitioners in e-learning implementation were voluntarily participated in this research. Data of this research are experiences, knowledge, or perspectives that were expressed by participants and were collected through semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis approach was employed to analyse the data in three stages with trustworthiness and authenticity were applied for quality standard. Research findings show that there are three main aspects that need to be considered in developing an intended framework. These are: 1) e-learning platform could be used, 2) SSI-based learning pathways arranged in e-learning mode, and 3) additional e-learning elements need to be provided. Hence, these three aspects play essential roles in underpinning the framework of SSI-based e-learning in biology to promote student health literacy.
Historia interactiva: la docencia online de la Historia del derecho.
Authors: MORENO TEJADA SARA , Pérez Juan José Antonio
Published: November 2021

En plena era digital resulta imprescindible la continua actualización de los instrumentos utilizados para la docencia. En concreto, la implementación de las “nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación” conlleva múltiples ventajas, como una mayor eficiencia en el sistema educativo, la mejora del rendimiento académico, o el incremento de la motivación de los estudiantes. Teniendo en cuenta esta premisa, desde el Área de Historia del Derecho y de las Instituciones de la Universidad Miguel Hernández, se han elaborado unos materiales docentes dotados de un formato totalmente interactivo. Estos incluyen elementos multimedia, gráficos ampliables, y animaciones. De la misma forma, integran prácticas autoevaluables, como exámenes y cuestionarios, y, además, permiten la conexión directa con las redes sociales, como Twitter y blogs. A lo largo de las siguientes páginas, expondremos los pormenores de esta experiencia, presentando las oportunidades pedagógicas que puede ofrecer la integración del libro electrónico en la enseñanza tradicional. Para alcanzar este objetivo, realizaremos una descripción del proyecto, analizando su estructura y contenido; posteriormente pondremos de manifiesto la finalidad perseguida con su aplicación, los objetivos que se han alcanzado y las conclusiones derivadas de su puesta en práctica.
Análisis de la adaptación de la docencia virtual universitaria durante la COVID-19
Authors: Garres Díaz José , Herrera Fernández Jónatan , Albujer Brotons Alma L. , Caballero Campos Magdalena , Morales de Luna Tomás
Published: November 2021

Presentamos un estudio que analiza la opinión del estudiantado sobre la adaptación a la docencia online realizada en la Universidad de Córdoba durante la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19. Lo inesperado de la situación acaecida condujo al uso de distintas y muy variadas estrategias para la virtualización por parte del profesorado. Esto, junto a la alta y heterogénea participación obtenida, nos permite obtener una visión muy general de la eficacia y valoración de las distintas aproximaciones, así como algunas conclusiones de interés de cara a la organización futura de la docencia. Las principales cuestiones abordadas en el estudio han sido: la adaptación de la docencia a un formato virtual por parte del profesorado, la valoración de la docencia presencial frente a la virtual, el tipo de docencia recibida (síncrona, asíncrona o una combinación de ambas), al igual que la opinión sobre la misma, y el uso y valoración de las herramientas de videoconferencia y comunicación más utilizadas. Además hemos realizado un análisis y una comparativa de dichas herramientas de videoconferencia
Innovación educativa en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: estudio de su significado entre sus académicos.
Authors: Hernández Romo Alan Kristian , Pompa Mansilla Maura , Sánchez-Mendiola Melchor
Published: November 2021

En un entorno de constantes cambios y nuevas maneras de interacción, muchas de ellas mediadas por tecnología, el término innovación es utilizado con mayor frecuencia en los ámbitos empresarial, tecnológico, social y educativo. Esto propicia que el término tenga un carácter polisémico, que adquiere diferentes significados de acuerdo al contexto en que es utilizado. Su definición depende de factores culturales, sociales, políticos e ideológicos del entorno. Algunos estudios señalan que en las universidades es difícil tener consenso sobre su concepto. La Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) se caracteriza por ser una institución donde convergen distintos niveles educativos y disciplinas, esto propicia que las perspectivas sobre la innovación sean diversas. A través de un estudio cualitativo con grupos focales con docentes y entrevistas a funcionarios de la UNAM, se exploró desde el enfoque del construccionismo social el significado que tiene para su comunidad académica los términos innovación e innovación educativa. Los resultados muestran que estos significados son diversos y están influenciados por los aspectos contextuales de las diversas disciplinas de conocimiento, lo que  influye en que se tengan distintas perspectivas.
WEATHERING PITS VERSUS TRAMPLE MARKS: A REINTERPRETATION OF THE “DINOSAUR DANCE FLOOR”: A JURASSIC NAVAJO SANDSTONE SURFACE IN THE VERMILION CLIFFS NATIONAL MONUMENT, ARIZONA
Authors: BREITHAUPT BRENT H. , CHAN MARJORIE A. , SEILER WINSTON M. , MATTHEWS NEFFRA A.
Published: November 2021

Within the eolian Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone, exposed in the Coyote Buttes area of Vermilion Cliffs National Monument in Arizona, a site (informally known as the “Dinosaur Dance Floor”) is reinterpreted as an enigmatic, modified (possibly pedogenic) eolian surface that was exposed and further modified and accentuated by modern weathering and erosion. The resultant surface is covered with small, shallow potholes or weathering pits, with no direct evidence of dinosaur activity.
TAPHONOMY AND DEPOSITIONAL SETTING OF THE SHRINGASAURUS INDICUS (ARCHOSAUROMORPHA: ALLOKOTOSAURIA) BONEBED FROM THE MIDDLE TRIASSIC DENWA FORMATION, SATPURA GONDWANA BASIN, INDIA
Authors: SENGUPTA SARADEE , SENGUPTA DHURJATI P.
Published: November 2021

A bonebed of multiple skeletons of the Triassic horned reptile Shringasaurus indicus was discovered in the upper Denwa Formation, Satpura Gondwana Basin, India. The monotaxic bonebed contains multiple individuals of different ontogenic stages indicating herding behavior by Shringasaurus indicus. The herd was a mixed-sex herd. The adult and sub-adult bones in the bonebed exceed the number of juvenile bones. The distribution of the bones was slightly patchy, bones of different individuals were admixed, and several bones were piled up implying mass mortality. The bonebed occurs in a fine-grained mudrock that is hydraulically incompatible with long-distance transport and concentration by currents. Sedimentary facies analysis indicates that the bonebed accumulated and was buried in a crevasse splay deposit between two ENE-WSW trending channel-fill complexes. The northern channel-fill complex was formed by unidirectional flow with lateral channel migration towards the south and with minor contemporaneous tectonic subsidence. Repeated breaching of the levee by this channel flow led to the incremental development of the crevasse splay deposit. The herd of Shringasaurus indicus, which lived near to the perennial channel, was drowned en masse and the carcasses were trapped within the muddy sediments of the crevasse splay deposit. Apart from a partially articulated skeleton, the rest of the bones were disarticulated but remained associated. The bones show little evidence of post-mortem modifications. With a continuous supply of the sediments through the spillover channels, the bones were buried before complete disarticulation and dispersal had taken place.
Runout Number: A New Metric for Landslide Runout Characterization
Authors: Wallace Cory S. , Santi Paul M.
Published: November 2021

Landslide runout has traditionally been quantified by the height-to-length ratio, H/L, which, in many cases, is strongly influenced by the slope of the runout path. In this study, we propose an alternative mobility measure, the unitless Runout Number, measured as the landslide length divided by the square root of the landslide area, which characterizes landslide shape in terms of elongation. We used a database of 158 landslides of varying runout distances from locations in northern California, Oregon, and Washington state to compare the two runout measurement methods and explore their predictability using parameters that can be measured or estimated using geographic information systems. The Runout Number better describes the overall runout for several landslide and slope geometries. The two mobility measures show very little correlation to each other, indicating that the two parameters describe different landslide mobility mechanisms. When compared to predictive parameters shown by prior research to relate to landslide runout, the two runout measurement methods show different correlations. H/L correlates more strongly to initial slope angle, upslope contributing area, landslide area, and grain size distribution (percent clay, silt, total fines, and sand). The Runout Number correlates more strongly to planimetric curvature, upslope contributing area normalized by landslide area, and percent sand. Although these correlations are not necessarily strong enough for prediction, they indicate the validity of both runout measurement methods and the benefit of including both numbers when characterizing landslide mobility.
Norepinephrine transporter defects lead to sympathetic hyperactivity in stem cell and mouse models of Familial Dysautonomia
Authors: Wu Hsueh Fu , Yu Wenxin , Carey Joeseph , Lefcort Frances , Liu Hongxiang , Zeltner Nadja
Published: November 2021

Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder that affects the sympathetic nervous system. Patients harbor a mutation in ELP1 yet, how loss of Elp1 affects the function of symNs remains unresolved. Such an understanding is critical since the most debilitating hallmarks of the disease include cardiovascular instability, dysautonomic crises and renal failure, which all result from dysregulated sympathetic activity. Here, we employ the human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology as a modeling system to understand human, sympathetic neuron (symN)-specific disease mechanisms and provide a platform for drug testing and discovery. We show that FD symNs are intrinsically hyperactive in vitro, in co-cultures with cardiomyocyte target tissue and in FD animal models. We show that ELP1-rescued isogenic lines remain hyperactive, suggesting a different/additional disease mechanism. Accordingly, we report decreased intracellular norepinephrine (NE) levels, decreased NE re-uptake via NET and excessive extracellular NE in FD symNs. Finally, we performed a mini drug screen showing that current and new candidate drugs were able to lower hyperactivity. These findings may have implications for other peripheral nervous system disorders. Our drug screening platform may allow future drug testing and discovery for such disorders.
An Edge-Based Approach for Virtual Network Embedding Based on the Graph Edit Distance
Authors: Xu Ze Xi , Zhuang Lei , He Meng Yang , Yang Si Jin , Song Yu , Guo Jun li , Li Wen Cui
Published: November 2021

Virtualization and resource isolation techniques have enabled the efficient sharing of networked resources. How to control network resource allocation accurately and flexibly has gradually become a research hotspot due to the growth in user demands. Therefore, this paper presents a new edge-based virtual network embedding approach to studying this problem that employs a graph edit distance method to accurately control resource usage. In particular, to manage network resources efficiently, we restrict the use conditions of network resources and restrict the structure based on common substructure isomorphism and an improved spider monkey optimization algorithm is employed to prune redundant information from the substrate network. Experimental results showed that the proposed method achieves better performance than existing algorithms in terms of resource management capacity, including energy savings and the revenue-cost ratio.
Adherence to Face Mask and Social Distancing during Coronavirus 19 Pandemic. Sudan 2020-2021
Authors: Aboshanab Mohammed , Ahmed Bhaaeldin Ahmed Abdalrahman , Ahmed Mugtaba Ahmed abdalrahman , HamdnAllah Aalaa Makki AwadAllah , Yassin ‬Mohamed Faroug Ali , ELSIDDIG ABDALRAHMAN ALNAZIR ABDALRAHMAN , Ahmed Eman Siddig Alameen , Abdelrahim Shiemaa Emad
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives:The Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID 19) pandemic affects 187 countries which is began in China in December 2019 and spread around the world very quickly, becoming one of the greatest threats to human life in this century. As a result, preventive measures such as wearing face mask and social distancing have been implemented to fight against spreading of the virus. This study aimed to assess adherence to face mask and social distancing during COVID19 pandemic.Methods and Materials:This is a Cross-sectional observational study conducted at Khartoum state, the capital of Sudan. 1222 residents have been selected randomly to participate in this study. The inclusion criteria are: Everybody lives in Khartoum state is eligible to participate in this study. The exclusion criteria are: Everybody does not live in Khartoum state.The data was collected through structural questionnaire which include personal data and the questions which measure the adherence to face mask and social distance. And the data was analyzed by SPSS application.Results:The total of participants in this study was 1222. The majority of participants wear face mask only if it is necessary to enter a commercial store, governmental institution or a hospital (45.9%). The remaining portion of the participants wearing the mask only when they are with their family (11.9 %) or with friends (11.1%) or at transport (16 %) and at parties (6.5 %). On the other hand, (8.4 %) of the participants never wear a mask at all Table (4).The most of the participants practicing the social distancing only if it is needed to enter a commercial store, government institution or a hospital (41.5%), whereas the rest do it only when they are with their family (10.2 %), with friends (6.2 %), at parties (6.8 %) and at transport (11 %). However, almost quarter of them do not do social distancing at all (24.3 %).Conclusion:In conclusion, most of the participants in this study have poor adherence to COVID19 preventive measures, especially wearing Face Mask and social distancing. They tend to follow these preventive measures only when imposed by an authority or it is necessary to enter certain places.
Creep Behavior of Polyamide 12, Produced By Selective Laser Sintering With Different Build Orientations
Authors: Krönert Maximilian , Schuster Thomas Josef , Zimmer Felix , Holtmannspötter Jens
Published: November 2021

The successful use of components, produced by selective laser sintering as a rapid manufacturing process, requires a comprehensive understanding of the material. In this study, the effect of specimen build orientation on the mechanical properties of selective laser sintered polyamide 12 was investigated in detail. Samples were printed with an orientation of 0°, 15°, 45° and 90° to the build platform. Additionally to quasi-static tensile tests, Creep tests under different loads (5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa and 20 MPa) and for different times (10 hours and 1,000 hours) with and without relaxation were performed. Creep behavior was analyzed using the Burgers model. Therefore, the elastic strain, the relaxant strain, the viscous strain and the total deformation were determined. Results show that the build orientation has no significant influence on the long-term creep behavior, at small stresses. Short-term creep and relaxation tests show, that the elastic and viscous strain are only slightly influenced by the build orientation. However, the viscoelastic strain is affected by the build orientation. Furthermore, the deformations resulting from creep and relaxation have no significant influence on the mechanical behavior as shown by tensile tests.
Selenium Nanoparticles Inhibited H1N1 Influenza Virus Induced Apoptosis By Improving The Level of Gpx1
Authors: Liu Xia , Chen Danyang , Su Jingyao , Zheng Rulin , Ning Zhihui , Zhao Mingqi , Zhu Bing , Li Yinghua
Published: November 2021

Influenza A (H1N1) viruses are distributed around the world and pose a threat to public health. Vaccination is the main treatment strategy to prevent influenza infection, but antiviral drugs also play an important role in controlling seasonal and pandemic influenza. Currently, influenza viruses may emerge antiviral resistance, new agents with different modes of action are being investigated. Recently, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) which have antiviral effects attracted more and more attention in biomedical interventions. The appearance of nanotechnology attract great attention in the nanomedicine field. SeNPs constitute an attractive vector platform for delivering a variety of drugs to action targets. SeNPs is being explored for potential therapeutic efficacy in a variety of oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated diseases, such as cancer, arthritis, diabetes, and kidney disease. SeNPs could inhibit infection of Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells with H1N1 and prevent chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. ROS play a key role in physiological processes on apoptosis. SeNPs significantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MDCK cells. Mechanistic investigation revealed that SeNPs inhibited the apoptosis induced by H1N1 virus infection in MDCK cells by improving the level of GPx1. Our results suggest that SeNPs is an effective selenium source to obtain H1N1 influenza antiviral candidate.
Oral Dextran Sulfate Sodium Administration Induces Peripheral Spondyloarthritis Features in SKG Mice Accompanied by Intestinal Bacterial Translocation and Systemic Th1 and Th17 Cell Activation.
Authors: Tabuchi Yuya , Katsushima Masao , Nishida Yuri , Shirakashi Mirei , Tsuji Hideaki , Onizawa Hideo , Kitagori Koji , Akizuki Shuji , Nakashima Ran , Murakami Kosaku , Murata Koichi , Yoshifuji Hajime , Tanaka Masao , Morinobu Akio , Hashimoto Motomu
Published: November 2021

Background: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is an autoimmune and autoinflammatory musculoskeletal disease characterised by systemic enthesitis. Recent research has focused on subclinical inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in SpA pathogenesis. SKG mice, harbouring the Zap70 W163C mutation, increase autoreactive Th17 cells intrinsically, and show SpA features, including enteritis, after peritoneal injection of β-1,3- glucan under SPF conditions. In a conventional environment, they exhibit spontaneous arthritis with fungal factors. This study aimed to clarify whether oral dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration, utilised in IBD model mice, can provoke SpA features in SKG mice under SPF conditions, focusing on the relationship between gut microorganisms and SpA pathogenesis.Methods: SKG and BALB/c mice were administered oral DSS, and their body weights, arthritis, and enthesitis scores were recorded. In another cohorts, antibiotics (meropenem and vancomycin) or an anti-fungal agent (amphotericin B) were administered orally before DSS administration. The splenic Th1 and Th17 cell populations were examined before and after DSS administration using flow cytometry. Furthermore, the amount of circulating bacterial DNA in whole blood was measured by absolute quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and the number and characteristics of bacterial species corresponding to these circulating DNA were analised by next-generation sequencing (NGS).Results: Ankle enthesitis as a peripheral SpA feature was elicited in half of DSS-administered SKG mice, and none of the BALB/c mice. Pre-administration of antibiotics suppressed enthesitis, whilst an anti-fungal agent could not. Th1 and Th17 cell levels in the spleen increased after DSS administration, and this was suppressed by pre-administration of antibiotics. SKG mice have a larger amount of bacterial DNA in whole blood than BALB/c mice before and one day after the initiation of DSS administration. The number of bacterial species in whole blood increased after DSS administration in SKG and BALB/c mice. Some genera and species significantly specific to the DSS-treated SKG mice group were also detected. Conclusion: Oral DSS administration alone elicited peripheral enthesitis in SKG mice with bacterial translocation accompanied by increased splenic Th1 and Th17 cell levels. Pre-administration of antibiotics ameliorated these DSS-induced SpA features. These findings suggest that intestinal bacterial leakage plays a pivotal role in SpA pathogenesis.
Seasonal Variations Affect The Ecosystem Functioning And Microbial Assembly Processes In Plantation Forests
Authors: Wang Min , Masoudi Abolfazl , Wang Can , Zhao Liqiang , Yang Jia , Yu Zhijun , Liu Jingze
Published: November 2021

Background: While afforestation mitigates climate concerns, the impact of afforestation on soil microbial compositions, ecological assembly processes, and multiple soil functions (multifunctionality) in afforested areas remains unclear. The Xiong'an New Area plantation forests (Pinus and Sophora forests) were selected to examine the effects of plantation types in four contrasting seasons on soil microbiomes.Results: We evaluated three functional categories (nutrient stocks, organic matter decomposition, and microbial functional genes) of multifunctionality, and the average (net) multifunctionality was quantified. The results showed that net soil multifunctionality as a broad function did not change seasonally, unlike other narrow functional categories. Bacterial communities were deterministically (variable selection and homogenous selection) structured, whereas the stochastic process of dispersal limitation was mainly responsible for the assembly and turnover of fungal and protist communities. Additionally, we showed that winter triggered an abrupt transition in the bacterial community assembly from deterministic to stochastic processes in Pinus forests that was closely associated with a reduction in the bacterial Shannon diversity, with functional patterns of a high level of nutrient cycling (nutrient stocks and organic matter decomposition). Conclusions: Overall, the present study contributes local-ecosystem prospects to model the behavior of soil biota seasonally and their implied effects on soil functioning and microbial assembly processes in plantation forests.