bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A congruência de valores e o stress ocupacional em guardas prisionais
Authors: Leal Ana Catarina Moreira , Jordão Filomena
Published: January 2021

Pressupondo que as organizações e os guardas prisionais detêm um conjunto de valores sobre como reduzir o crime, correspondente a uma abordagem reabilitativa e/ou punitiva, que podem, ou não, coincidir, pretende-se explorar com base no Modelo Person-Environment fit, a relação entre a congruência de valores e o stress ocupacional vivenciado por guardas prisionais portugueses. Os dados foram recolhidos através da análise documental e entrevista semiestruturada individual realizada a oito guardas prisionais. Conclui-se que os valores punir e ressocializar são independentes e interagem entre si e que a congruência de valores, que se manifesta através de três conceitos independentes, fit, misfit e conflito de valores, é um elemento crítico da vida nas prisões. Constata-se de facto, a existência de dois tipos distintos de conflito e que a ausência de fit não é indicador de conflito. Estes resultados são interpretados considerando-se as implicações teóricas e práticas para as organizações e guardas prisionais.
In Search of a Cultural Background
Authors: Canato Mario
Published: January 2021

The modernist architect and critic, Alfred Lawrence Kocher, proposed and commented on many bibliographical references in the Architectural Record in the years 1924-25. Recent studies on American architecture of the 1920s and 1930s have recognized the peculiar character of modernism in the United States and have gone in search of its cultural and social roots. However, Kocher’s extensive lists have so far been completely overlooked. They were based for the most part on the correspondence he exchanged with a number of American and British architects and George Bernard Shaw: he had sent to them a circular letter, asking for recommendations on texts on background literature that a young architect should know. The unpublished correspondence that Kocher had with Louis Sullivan and the 19 texts on “Aesthetics and Theory of Architecture” are analyzed in particular by the author.

Although from 1927 onwards Kocher became a passionate supporter of European rationalist architecture, his bibliographies cannot be considered a conscious foundational literature on modernism and modernity. They rather give an idea of the ‘cultural trunk’ on which the discussion on modern European architecture was going to be grafted; they help to illuminate the scene on which American architects moved in the mid-1920s.  In some of the texts, the pragmatic notion of utility shines through, as ? sometimes connectedly ? does the concept of a creative act as a free, ‘natural’ act, which derived from American transcendentalism. Independent from Kocher’s will, a line of thought is even identifiable, through which one can explain the apparently contradictory combination of ‘maximum of utility’ and ‘maximum of free creativity’, openly advocated by the skyscraper architect Raymond Hood at the end of the 1920s. Such way of thinking was based on the recognition of the beauty of utility.
Information Security Governance and Management Capability Assessment: A Lesson Learned from Directorate General of Taxes
Authors: Ashari Bandi
Published: January 2021

The information has an important role in improving the business operation and serving the decision-making process. The emerging of e-commerce and e-government require more frequent data exchanges included sensitive data. This study will focus on looking at the portrait of the Directorate General of Tax (DGT) in planning and building the ability to enforce IT governance, especially those related to information security. In addition, this research can also be used as a DGT basis for continuous improvement. We use the ISGM capability model to combine COBIT 5 and ISO 27001 as an approach to measure the capability of organizations in governing and manage their information security. We found that DGT’s information security governance and management capability at overall is at level well defined. Almost of ISGM building blocks has been established according to tailor-made policy and standard. With this capability level, DGT’s ISGM could contribute to the business as shown in several DGT’s program. But, to get optimal value from ISGM DGT need to improve the capability level, especially related to organizational aspects like alignment with business strategies and resource management.
A Study on the Potential of the Development of Software Applications and Digital Content Industrial Ecosystem in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Ahmad Budi
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of digitization has changed human civilization at a very massive level in various aspects of life. In line with the advancement of ICT, so have the development of innovation and the software and digital content industry. Competition in the software industry is starting to develop. The ability to increase the company's production is starting to show significant changes. Industry competition in the globalization process requires existing companies to be able to develop industrial capabilities with all industrial models and policies. The role of government is still an important factor in creating an environment in which the domestic telematics industry can gain a competitive advantage. This study aims to map the potential of the digital content and software application industry in Indonesia. This study was conducted qualitatively through literature studies. The output of this study produces a mapping of the potential for the software and digital content industry in Indonesia. The results of this study can support recommendations for policies related to the development of the software application industry and digital content in Indonesia
TİP 1 DİYABETES MELLİTUS TANILI ÇOCUKLARDA HEPATİT A VE B SEROPREVALANSI
Authors: Büyükinan Muammer , Kılınç Muhammed Yaşar
Published: January 2021

AMAÇ: Tip1 diyabetes mellitus (T1DM) immün sistem üzerine etkileriyle aşılara karşı immünolojik yanıtı etkileyebilen otoimmun bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada T1DM’li hastalarda hepatit A (HA) ve hepatit B (HB) seroprevelansının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Ocak 2014-Ocak 2017 tarihleri arasında Konya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Endokrinoloji bölümünde izlenen 1-18 yaş aralığında 144 T1DM tanılı hasta ve 58 kontrol olgu alındı. Retrospektif olarak hasta kayıtlarından yaş, diyabet tanı zamanı, HBsAg, anti-HBs ve anti-HAV IgG, HbA1c sonuçları kaydedildi.BULGULAR: T1DM grubunda kontrol grubuna göre median anti-HBs düzeyi (14,8 mIU/ml [interquartile range (IQR): 4,2- 100] ve 37,7 mIU/ml [IQR: 7,16- 122,7], p=0,026), median anti-HAV IgG düzeyi (11 mIU/ml [IQR: 9,88- 21,7] ve 19,8 mIU/ml [IQR: 15,2- 80], p <0,001), hepatiti B virüs (HBV) seropozitif hasta oranı (%59 ve %73,7, p=0,048) ve hepatiti A virüs (HAV) seropozitif hasta oranı (%27,5 ve %44,2, p=0,027) düşük saptandı. Anti-HBs, anti-HAV IgG düzeyleri ile yaş, diyabet süresi ve HbA1c arasında korelasyon saptanmadı.SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda gösterilen düşük anti-HBs, anti-HAV IgG titreleri, HAV ve HBV seropozitif hasta oranları T1DM’li hastalarda HAV ve HBV aşılarına karşı immünolojik yanıtın yetersiz olduğunu düşündürmektedir.T1DM’li hastaların HBV maruziyeti için çeşitli risk faktörlerine sahip olması, HA enfeksiyonunda ilerleyen yaşla birlikte artan komplikasyon riski, enfeksiyona bağlı glisemik kontrolde bozulma ihtimalleri ve T1DM’li hastalarda düşük HAV ve HBV seropozitiflik oranları göz önüne alındığında ilk tanıda T1DM’li hastalarda HAV ve HBV serolojileri çalışılmalı, seronegatif hastalar aşılanmalı ve aşı yanıtları kontrol edilmelidir
FOLLOW-UP AND TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Hamarat Hatice , Temel Tuncer
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the diagnosis and treatment of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease between 1990 and 2009.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1990 and 2009, the records of 237 patients diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Gastroenterology Clinic of Faculty of Medicine were examined. The age, sex, smoking history, endoscopy and histopathology findings of the patients, local and systemic complications developed in the patients, types of treatment applied and reasons for surgical treatment were examined.RESULTS: Between 1990 and 2009, 144 Ulcerative Colit, 73 Crohn Disease and 20 Indeterminate Colit patients were followed. The mean age of diagnosis, at the time of diagnosis of Ulcerative Colit patients was 37 years. 28.7% patients had left colon involvement, 25.2% patients had pancolitis, and 21% patients had proctitis (p<0.01). Erythema nodosum in one patient, sacroiliitis in 3 patients, primary sclerosing cholangitis in 3 patients, and malign transformation in one patient were determined as systemic complications. The mean age was 35 years in patients with Crohn Disease. Involvement of colon and small intestine was determined in %34 and %64,2 patients, respectively. Uveitis in 4 patients, sacroiliitis in 5 patients were determined as systemic complications. 222 patients were treated with 5-ASA. Immunosuppressive treatment was given to 6 patients. 159 patients were given mono treatment (5-ASA) while 19 patients were given combine treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Understanding of the prognosis and clinical course are important for determining medical and surgical treatment and follow up strategies for different subgroups of the patient.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND SUICIDE POSSIBILITY IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG, COLORECTAL AND HEAD-NECK CANCER
Authors: Özyıldırım Koç Başak , Güler Özkan , Yücens Bengü
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE: Anxiety and depression are common psychiatric symptoms, and an increased risk of suicide is also seen in cancer patients. It was aimed to evaluate clinical features, anxiety and depression prevalence, and suicide probability in patients with lung, colorectal and head-neck cancer, also to compare these psychological factors with those with a healthy control group.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients with 82 lung cancer, 99 colorectal cancer and 79 head-neck cancer and a control group of 98 healthy individuals were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) were administered to all the participants.RESULTS: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 29.2% and depression was 52.7% in cancer patients. HADS anxiety and depression subscales and SPS mean scores were higher in cancer patients than healthy controls. The patients with head-neck cancer were more anxious, more depressed, and suicidal than the healthy controls. The patients with lung cancer were only more depressed than the healthy controls. Additionally, it was found that female gender, fatigue, and pain experience in cancer patients were seen as factors that increased the frequency of anxiety and depression; advanced stage disease was only related to the frequency of depression, and a history of psychiatric treatment affected only the frequency of anxiety.CONCLUSIONS: Psychological factors varies in different types of cancer. The cancer patients should be evaluated in terms of psychiatric problems by the clinicians to determine the level of anxiety, depression, and suicidality.
NÖROPSİKİYATRİK BOZUKLUĞU OLAN HASTALARDA KOPYA SAYISI DEĞİŞİKLİKLERİNİN YENİDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Ceylan Ahmet Cevdet , Erdem Haktan Bağış
Published: January 2021

AMAÇ: İnsan genomunda bulunan 50 bazdan büyük değişikliklere ‘Kopya Sayısı Değişiklikleri’ (Copy Number Variations-CNV) adı verilmektedir. CNV’leri saptamak için rutinde mikrodizin (microarray) yöntemi kullanılmaktadır. Mikrodizin yöntemi zihinsel yetersizliğin, otizm spektrum bozukluğunun, çoklu doğumsal anomalilerin nedeninin saptanmasında ilk basamak testi olarak önerilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı mikrodizin analizi ile saptanan değişikliklerin farklı filtreler ile değerlendirilip sonuçların karşılaştırılmasıdır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamız Sağlık Bakanlığı, Ankara Merkez Genetik Laboratuvarı bünyesinde farklı nöro-psikiyatrik bozukluk endikasyonlarla Affimetrix Cytoscan Optima çipleri ile mikrodizin yapılmış 500 hasta verisinin retrospektif değerlendirilmesi ile yapılmıştır. 500 hastanın verileri standart analiz yöntemi ile ve daha yüksek duyarlıkta analiz yapabilmek için 5 marker ve 1 kilobaz büyüklükteki değişiklikler incelenmiştir ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır.BULGULAR: Standart analiz metodunda CNV saptanan 249 hastadan toplamda 313 CNV (%1.25) bulunmuş, daha yüksek çözünürlüklü analizde 362 hastadan 939 (%2.6) CNV tespit edilmiştir. Standart analizde 53 CNV saptanırken, yeni analiz metodunda 56 CNV saptanmıştır. Klinik anlamı bilinmeyen olarak sınıflanan CNV sayısı Standart yöntemde 105 iken, önerdiğimiz yeni analiz metodunda 318 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmamız sırasında toplum frekansı %1’den büyük olan 12 CNV tespit edilmiştir.SONUÇ: Sonuç olarak yeni yöntem testin tanı verme yüzdesini 10.7’den 11.3’e çıkarmış olmakla birlikte, klinik anlamı bilinmeyen ve olası yanlış pozitif sonuçları arttırmaktadır. Bu da analizi daha yüksek duyarlılıkla yapmakla birlikte, hem analiz süresini hem de testteki artefakt olarak adlandırılabilecek diğer sonuçların artmasına neden olmuştur. Ayrıca çalışmamızda Türk toplumunda göreceli olarak sık görülen 12 adet CNV bildirilmiştir.
Non-Classical Probabilities for Decision Making in Situations of Uncertainty
Authors: Klein Dominik , Majer Ondrej , Rafiee Rad Soroush
Published: January 2021

Nieklasyczne prawdopodobieństwa na potrzeby podejmowania decyzji w sytuacjach niepewności

Analiza sytuacji, w których informacja jest częściowa, niepełna bądź niespójna wskazuje na potrzebę zbudowania jakościowych miar siły przekonań odmiennych niż te, które są oferowane przez klasyczną teorię prawdopodobieństwa. W niniejszej pracy porównujemy dwa ujęcia zaproponowane dla realizacji tej potrzeby: teorię Dempstera-Shafera i niestandardową teorię prawdopodobieństwa nabudowaną na logice Belnapa-Dunna. Pokazujemy, że te dwa formalizmy przyjmują ortogonalne perspektywy postrzegania niedostatków informacyjnych, a jednocześnie dostarczają rezultatów częściowo ze sobą korespondujących. Na koniec porównujemy różne dynamiczne reguły z obu formalizmów traktując je wszystkie jako uogólnienie warunkowania Bayesowskiego.
Tele-Screening, Triaging of Dental Patients, and Reopening of Dental Services During SAR-CoV2 Pandemic
Authors: Awooda Elhadi M. , Siddig Reem E.
Published: January 2021

Background: The nature of dental profession requires a dentist to be in a close proximity to the patient’s mouth to perform various operative treatments including procedures such as generating aerosols. As such, dentistry is considered as one of the riskiest profession for the cross-transmission of SARS-CoV2. Although the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV2 continue to increase worldwide; the dental services and treatment of non-emergency cases have resumed in many countries including Sudan. Moreover, the use of smartphone technology in communication with patients can play an important role in controlling the spread of SARS-CoV2. Therefore, the aim of this short review was to draw a summary on using smartphone technology for telescreening dental patients prior to their visit to the clinics and to set guidelines and rules for dental treatment during SARS-CoV2 pandemic.
Methods:  For the purpose of this study, telescreening is referred as a virtual contact between patients and healthcare personnel used to provide health services during the highly contiguous SARS-CoV2 pandemic. Using a smartphone, dental patients can be screened and questioned about their medical history and particularly for SARS-CoV2 (for symptoms such as fever, headache, coughing, breath shortness, loss of smell or taste). They should also be asked about their travel history to epidemic area, visiting hospital or coming in contact with a confirmed SARS-CoV2 patient during the last 14 days. On arrival to a dental clinic, the patient's temperature should be measured, instruction for wearing masks, hand hygiene, and keeping distances from others inside the waiting zone.
Conclusion: Telescreening and triaging will minimize the time of patients’ exposure to dental clinic environments, hence decreasing the risk of getting SARS-CoV2 infection for both patients and dental healthcare workers. 
Keywords: COVID-19, dentistry, procedure generating aerosols, smartphone, social distance, surgical masks.
THE IMPACT OF DIALOGUE JOURNAL WRITING ON THE WRITING SKILLS OF JORDANIAN EFL LEARNERS AND THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARDS WRITING
Authors: Al Kayed Murad , Alkayid Majd , Alsmadi Mohareb Ali
Published: January 2021

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of dialogue journal writing (DJW) on learning the vocabulary, organization, and grammar of English. It also explores the impact of DJW on the attitudes of students towards writing in English. Methodology: The sample of the study consists of 50 undergraduate Jordanian students divided equally into an experimental and control group. The control group was given traditional writing instruction while the experimental group was taught using dialogue journal writing. The study used a pre and post-test to investigate the impact of DJW on writing skills, while a questionnaire was used to unveil the attitudes of students to writing. Main Findings: The results of the research revealed that the vocabulary, organization, and grammar learned by the experimental group were significantly improved (p<0.05) compared to the control group. The study also found out that students taught using DJW developed positive attitudes towards writing better than students exposed only to conventional teaching methods of writing. Applications of this study: The present study is beneficial in providing teachers of English as a foreign language with new methods to teach writing skills. Novelty/Originality of this study: The current study is significant since the impact of dialogue journals on writing is under-researched in the Jordanian context.
Health and Old Age in Latin America and Africa
Authors: Künzler Daniel
Published: January 2021

In Afrika und in Lateinamerika und der Karabik lässt sich in den letzten Jahren eine bemerkenswerte Dynamik der staatlichen sozialen Sicherheit feststellen, die in grössere Entwicklungen eingebettet ist. Als Erbe der kolonialen Vergangenheit ist soziale Sicherheit im Alter und die Gesundheitsversorgung in der Regle das Privileg einer relativ schmalen Gruppen von Beschäftigten des formalen Wirtschaftssektors. Der französische Kolonialismus betonte eine aktive Rolle des Staates bei der Bereitstellung von sozialer Sicherheit und hatte einen relativ homogenen Fokus auf die Kernfamilie und insbesondere auf Familienzulagen. In britischen Kolonien dagegen war die staatliche soziale Sicherheit viel heterogener. Ehemalige spanische Kolonien nutzten die kolonialen montepíos alas Ausgangspunkt für die Einführung von Altersrenten. Hinzu kommen globale Einflüsse. Im Bereich der sozialen Sicherheit für das Alter hat in den letzten Jahren ein Fokus auf Sozialrenten die vorher dominanten und in einem Wettbewerbsverhältnis stehenden beiden Modelle ersetzt. Im Gegensatz dazu gibt es kein klares Modell im Bereich der Gesundheitsversorung, wenngleich ein gewisser Konsens bezüglich Gebühren besteht.
Liberale Demokratien und der Zwang zum Dienst an der Waffe
Authors: Schief Sebastian
Published: January 2021

In Bezug auf den Zwangsdienst von (zumeist) Männern im Militär einer liberalen Demokratie existiert eine Konfliktlinie zwischen einerseits der Interpretation, dass der Staat in liberalen Gesellschaften den Bürger und die Bürgerin nicht zu Zwangsdiensten jeglicher Art zwingen könne, weil dies ein unbilliger Eingriff in die Freiheit des Citoyens sei. Andererseits verteidigen die Befürworterinnen und Befürworter des Zwangsdienstes diesen mit Verweis auf die Notwendigkeit der Verteidigung liberaler Gesellschaften. Es gäbe dementsprechend einen individuellen Zwang, der sich aus dem zu verteidigenden Ideal einer freien Gesellschaft ableiten lasse. Anhand der Beispiele Deutschland, Schweiz und der USA wird der Zwangsdienst an der Waffe vorgestellt und diskutiert. Die Durchsetzung des Zwangs in der Schweiz wird detaillierter diskutiert, um zu zeigen, dass mit dem Ziel der Verteidigung liberaler Gesellschaften die Citoyens innerhalb dieser mitunter ihrer Bürgerrechte beraubt wurden und Diskriminierungen ausgesetzt waren. Dies, ohne dass je eine Entschuldigung oder Wiedergutmachung durch den Staat erfolgte.
Fremdsprachenunterricht mit Zeichentrickserien am Beispiel von "Peppa Wutz"
Authors: Moskała Paweł
Published: January 2021

Der Beitrag stellt Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Zeichentrickserien für den Fremdsprachenunterricht dar. Einleitend erfolgt zunächst eine kurze Beschreibung jener audiovisuellen Medien, denen heutzutage eine umso größere Bedeutung zugeschrieben wird, wenn man nicht nur ihre Etablierung, sondern auch ihren Wandel in der Mediengesellschaft in jüngster Zeit berücksichtigt. Des Weiteren werden Zeichentrickserien typologisiert, ihre Bedeutung für den Fremdsprachenerwerb dargelegt und schließlich erfolgt eine Analyse von Peppa Wutz hinsichtlich des Fremdsprachenunterrichts für Kinder und Jugendliche auf den Sprachniveaus A2 und B1. Im Anschluss werden mögliche Aufgaben mit zwei ausgewählten Folgen von Peppa Wutz (Die Zahnfee und Im Büro von Papa Wutz) präsentiert und abschließend Stärken und Schwächen von Zeichentrick- bzw. Animationsserien für den Fremdsprachenunterricht erörtert.
Rol EcolÃ³gico Del Zorro Pampeano (Lycalopex Gymnocercus) Como Dispersor De Semillas En Ambientes De Agroecosistema Y Bosques Serranos De Argentina
Authors: Dellafiore Claudia M. , Brignone Elisa , Scilingo VerÃ³nica
Published: January 2021

El zorro pampeano (Lycalopex gymnocercus) es un carnÃ­voro de amplia distribuciÃ³n que posee una dieta omnÃ­vora donde los frutos/semillas conforman una parte muy importante de la misma. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer y describir las especies de frutos/semillas que el zorro pampeano dispersa en ambientes de agroecosistemas y bosques serranos de la provincia de CÃ³rdobaArgentina. Para ello se realizaron muestreos mensuales y se recolectaron fecas frescas de zorro en ambos ambientes. Las fecas fueron procesadas bajo lupa estereoscÃ³pica y los frutos/semillas fueran separados e identificados a nivel especÃ­fico. De acuerdo con nuestros resultados se contabilizaron 46 especies diferentes de frutos/semillas en el ambiente de agroecosistemas de los cuales el 37% correspondieron a especies autÃ³ctonas. En el ambiente de bosque serrano se contabilizaron 26 especies diferentes de las cuales el 61.5% eran de especies autÃ³ctonas. El 69% y 84% de los frutos/semillas de agroecosistema y bosque serrano respectivamente estaban sanas. En ambos ambientes el zorro pampeano juega un rol esencial en la dispersiÃ³n â€œlegÃ­timaâ€ de semillas mediante endozoocoria.
Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) is a widely distributed carnivore with an omnivorous diet, with fruits and seeds being a very important part of this diet. The aim of this research was to study and describe the fruits and seeds dispersed by the Pampas fox in the agroecosystems and hill forests of CÃ³rdoba province in Argentina. For this, monthly samplings were carried out in order to collect fresh fox feces in both environments. The feces were analyzed under a stereoscopic magnifying glass and fruits and seeds were separated and identified at the species level. In the agroecosystem environment, 46 fruit and seed species were counted, and from those, 37% corresponded to autochthonous species. Furthermore, in the hill forest environment, 26 different species were counted, of which 61.5% were autochthonous. This study showed that 69% of the fruits and seeds from the agroecosystem and 84% from the mountain forest were healthy. In both environments, the Pampas fox plays an essential role in the dispersal of seeds through endozoochory.
ModÃ©lisation Des ExtrÃªmes Climlatiques De La RÃ©gion De La MarahouÃ© Ã€ Partir Dâ€™un GÃ©nÃ©rateur Stochastique De Temps Mono-Site (Weagets)
Authors: Fabrice Yapi Assa , Vami Hermann Nâ€™guessan Bi , Solange Oga YeÃ¯ Marie , Jean Gautier Kpan OulaÃ¯ , Blanchard Allechy Fabrice , Jean Biemi
Published: January 2021

Lâ€™objectif de ce travail est dâ€™analyser et de modÃ©liser les tendances pluviomÃ©triques extrÃªmes Ã  lâ€™horizon 2050 Ã  partir des donnÃ©es pluviomÃ©triques journaliÃ¨res de 1980 Ã  2013. Ces donnÃ©es ont Ã©tÃ© analysÃ©es Ã  lâ€™aide du programme ClimPACT 2 master qui a servi de calcul des indices climatiques. Le modÃ¨le WEAGETS a Ã©tÃ© utilisÃ© pour modÃ©liser ces donnÃ©es hydroclimatiques Ã  lâ€™horizon 2050 Ã  partir de la mÃ©thode des chaines de Markov dâ€™ordre 3. Les rÃ©sultats montrent que la moyenne des cumuls de pluies moyennes mensuels observÃ©s est de 103,97 mm et celle estimÃ©e est de 100,71 mm soit un dÃ©ficit de 3,26 mm par rapport Ã  celle observÃ©e au cours de la chronique dâ€™Ã©tude. La prÃ©cipitation totale maximale dâ€™un jour pluvieux (Rx1day) observÃ© et gÃ©nÃ©rÃ© prÃ©sente une allure dÃ©croissante dans la rÃ©gion avec des coefficients respectifs de -0,37 et -0,25. Au cours des pÃ©riodes 2014 Ã  2024, les localitÃ©s de ZuÃ©noula et de Sinfra seront dominÃ©es par des sÃ©quences sÃ¨ches qui seront Ã©galement observÃ©es durant les pÃ©riodes de 2038 Ã  2050 dans le Sud et le Centre de la zone dâ€™Ã©tude. Les jours consÃ©cutivement secs (CDD) vont augmenter dans toute la MarahouÃ©, tandis que les jours consÃ©cutivement humides (CWD) vont y baisser progressivement. Ces rÃ©sultats serviront Ã  la mise en place des stratÃ©gies dâ€™adaptation des populations face Ã  ce flÃ©au.
The objective of this work is to analyze and model extreme rainfall trends up to 2050 based on daily rainfall data from 1980 to 2013. These data were analysed using the ClimPACT 2 master program which was used to calculate the climate indices. The WEAGETS model was used to model these hydroclimatic data by 2050 using the Markov Chain 3 method. The results show that the average monthly average rainfall accumulation observed is 103.97 mm and the estimated average rainfall is 100.71 mm, representing a deficit of 3.26 mm compared to that observed during the study chronicle. The maximum total precipitation of a rainy day (Rx1day) observed and generated shows a decreasing rate in the region with respective coefficients of -0.37 and -0.25. During the periods 2014 to 2024, the localities of ZuÃ©noula and Sinfra will be dominated by dry sequences which will also be observed during the periods 2038 to 2050 in the southern and central parts of the study area. Consecutively dry days (CDD) will increase throughout MarahouÃ©, while consecutively wet days (CWD) will gradually decrease there. These results will be used to put in place strategies to help populations adapt to this scourge.
HADHANAH IN THE CONCEPT OF COMPILATION OF ISLAMIC LAW AND LAW
Authors: Firdausia Salsabila
Published: January 2021

KHI states that hadanah for a child who is not mumayyiz or not yet 12 (twelve) years old is the right of his mother. The basis of the 12-year law is not found in the Al- Qur'an, hadits and fiqh literature. Therefore, the author conducts research to determine the hadanah in the concept of KHI and Undang-undang. This type of research is yuridis normatif. The source of this research data is secondary data. Based on the results of the study, the hadhanah rights remain with both parents even if the parents are  divorced. It is mentioned in the KHI, UU Perkawinan and UU Perlindungan Anak that giving love to a child is an obligation attached to the parents towards the child from the time the child is in the womb until the end of his life.
CONCRETIZATIONOF URGENT REASON AND SUFFICIENTEVIDENCE IN PROVIDING MARRIAGE DISPENSATION FOR CHILDREN BY THE JUDGE
Authors: Mansari Mansari , Fatahillah Zahrul , Muzakir Muzakir , Oslami Ahmad Fikri , Zainuddin Muslim
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the concretization of urgent reasons and sufficient evidence for granting marriage dispensations in Law Number 16 Year 2019. This purpose of this study is how to concretize urgent reasons and sufficient evidence by the judge inproviding marriage dispensations for children. Researchers used empirical legal research methods and primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and primary data obtained through interviews with Syar’iyah court judges. Data analysis was performed prescriptively to provide an assessment of the implementation of the Marriage Law. The results showed that the petition for marriage dispensation for children after the legitimation of Law Number 16 Year 2019 increased despite being complicated by the Supreme Court Regulations and it was resulted that the age of the petitionfor marriage dispensation between 15 and 19 years old. Children must attend the court for obtaining the advice related to the risk of child marriage. Concretization of the urgent condition and sufficient evidence is carried out with observing the facts at thecouncil, namely worrying about acts that are prohibited from religion, getting pregnant out of wedlock and doing tandem (khalwat). The sufficient evidences were concreted by the judge. He/She requested the witnesses who knew the background of the parents and prospective husband/ wife attended the council to investigate the reasons for the marriage of the child and proof of marriage rejection from the KUA, Child Identity Cards, birth certificates and final diplomas. It is recommended that judges must prioritize the best interestfor the children and the reproductive health certificate from the hospital should be requested.
TAQLID ITTIBA FOR MUKALLAF IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC LAW ON POSITIVE LAW IN INDONESIA
Authors: Kusmayanti Hazar
Published: January 2021

The Indonesian people in fact use their minds not on the basis of the Qur'an and the Sunnah is only limited to taqlid ittiba the religious scholars who are not necessarily truthful can be justified. The purpose to understanding of taqlid ittiba and to obtain the consequences of taqlid ittiba for Muslim in implementing Islamic Law and Positive Law. Research methods by using normative research methods or library law research in finding taqlid ittiba material for mukallaf. The results showed that the implementation of taqlid ittiba for mukallaf performed by Muslims is still a lot that is not in accordance with the teachings of Allah SWT and does not follow the Sunnah of Rasullah SAW. The implementation of taqlid ittiba that is wrong can harm oneself and others who can be troubling to the surrounding community. Someone who carries out taqlid ittiba that is not appropriate in the Qur'an and Sunnah has a legal consequence that is sinful because it does not follow the commands of Allah SWT and Rasul while according to the Law Positive in Indonesia taqlid ittiba allowed for someone who is an adult and does not violate the existing Positive Law so as to create peace between religious communities.
Sistem Penunjang Keputusan Pemilihan Paket IndiHome Calon Pelanggan Menggunakan Metode Weighted Product
Authors: Fitri Nadafi'ah Hari , Purnomo Agus Sidiq
Published: January 2021

PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia is one of big companies in Indonesia that focuses on technology field. PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia has an important role in providing internet access, of which product is IndiHome. There are several types of internet package to provide the internet access offered by PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia.

In this research, the writer aims to help prospective customers make the best decision. Thus, the writer divides the prototype of Decision Support System for Choosing IndiHome Package for Prospective Customers Using WP Method in 4 (four) variables, namely speed, price, internet quota, and need.

Based on the results of the test conducted with 48 data using both manual and system calculation, there are 42 compatible data with a percentage of 87,5%.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Berkas Pada Kantor Notaris/PPAT I Gusti Rai Daniel Ari Putra, SH., M.KN
Authors: Welda Welda , Putra Desak Made Dwi Utami , Dirgayusari Ayu Manik
Published: January 2021

Notary Office / PPAT I Gusti Rai Daniel Ari Putra, SH., M.Kn. is a Land Deed Making Official who makes deeds related to land. In carrying out this work, records are still carried out manually, namely still using a recording system in the book which consists of a file monitoring management process, payment for services, and does not provide information regarding the reporting of files that have been completed. This results in each service requiring time from the time the application is submitted to the completion of the file, besides that proof of payment for services can be lost if not recorded. Based on these problems, needed a system to facilitate the management of the file being executed and facilitate business processes that exist in this study created a system with the title Design of Information System File Management in the Office of Notary / PPAT which include data management of the applicant, the data in the file status request , payments and report. This research process uses a linear sequential model method, starting from determining needs, analyzing needs and designing CDM and PDM for the next steps. Furthermore, the authors build and design a system using the PHP programming language and MySQL as a database. The final result of this research is a file management information system at the Notary Office I Gusti Rai Daniel Ari Putra, SH., M.Kn. and testing has been carried out on the system using black box testing whose results are in accordance with the system design.
Algoritma Honey Encryption dalam Sistem Pendataan Sertifikat Tanah dan Bangunan di Universitas Malikussaleh
Authors: Retno Sujacka , Hasdyna Novia , Mutasar Mutasar , Dinata Rozzi Kesuma
Published: January 2021

The management of Land and Building Certificates at Universitas Malikussaleh is still using a manual library in Biro Perlengkapan which contains some problem whereas it can be burned accidentally refers to fire case in 2017 in Rektorat Building at Universitas Malikussaleh. Given the problem faced by the staff in Biro Perlengkapan, the authors idea is to create a database-based data processing system, the authors designed an integrated information system which be able to anticipated such problem in the future and saving time to collecting important certificates such Land and Building Certificates at Universitas Malikussaleh and protecting them with Honey Encryption algorithm. The information system based on desktop and works as a client-server system. The result  of this research provide that the honey encryption algorithm can protect the data and it can solve the problem in management system of land and building certificates.
Membuat Game 3d Survival Horror “Suanggi Survival Papua” Berbasis Desktop Menggunakan Unity
Authors: Hadisopiyan Aris , Suhendra Christian Dwi , Rantelinggi Parma Hadi
Published: January 2021

Game is an activity that aims to have fun, light exercise, fill spare time, and sometimes used as a means of education. One of the most downloaded desktop games is a game made in Indonesia with the survival horror genre made with Unity. Unity is a user-friendly game engine that supports more than 25 platforms and provides many ready-to-use assets. The authors made a desktop-based 3d game with the survival horror genre made with Unity. The method used in this game's manufacture and design is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle, which has six stages, namely Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Assembly, Testing, and Distribution. In making this game using Blender, Camtasia Studio, Adobe Photoshop, Unity, Inno Setup, and the C# programming language. The program function testing phase has been successful using the black box method, and from this research, a 3d game called "Suanggi Survival Papua" based on the desktop with single-player mode has been produced. Games with the survival horror genre combined with the local culture can add insight into the knowledge and train the players' concentration.
Is obesity associated with tooth loss due to caries?
Authors: Chisini Luiz Alexandre , Queiroz Ana Beatriz de Lima , Vareira de Lima Filippe , Silva Lucas Jardim da , Gonzalez Cademartori Mariana , Costa Francine dos Santos , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Corrêa Marcos Britto
Published: January 2021

Aim: To investigate the association between obesity, overweight, and tooth loss due to caries among university students of (Federal University of Pelotas) in southern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study with all first-year students who regularly enrolled in the first semester of 2016 who were invited to respond to a self-administered questionnaire contain socioeconomic and demographic; psychosocial; oral health; behavioral questions. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated through the self-reported data of weight and height. The main outcome of the present study was determined by the person’s that answer having had at least one tooth extracted due to caries. A Poisson regression using a backward stepwise procedure was performed. Two models were tested: i) including socioeconomic and behavioral variables; ii) without behavioral variables. Results: From 3,237 eligible students, 2,089 (64.5%) participated in the present study. Almost 23% of students presented overweight and 8.4% obesity, whereas 362 individuals (17.5%) reported having had at least one tooth extracted due to caries. Regarding the final model adjusted by behavioral variables, it was observed that obese university students presented a 32.0% higher prevalence of tooth loss (PR=0.32,CI95%[1.17–1.49]). However, overweight was not associated with tooth loss in the present sample. When the model was not associated with behavioral variables, overweight was associated with tooth loss (PR=1.44; CI95%[1.15–1.81]), just as obesity (PR=2.13; CI95%[1.63 – 2.78]). Conclusions: Obesity and overweight were associated with tooth loss due to caries in the present sample of university students.
hóspedes
Authors: Matar Hisham , Felippe (Trad.) Eduardo Ferraz
Published: January 2021

Trata-se da tradução de uma palestra dada pro Hisham Matar acerca de biografia e ficção em Conrad e Said em Nova York em Outubro de 2018.
Repositioning Agricultural Marketing Potential in Nigeria: An Impetus for Massive Agricultural Productivity
Authors: Eremiye Nehemiah
Published: January 2021

Over time, the agricultural sector's contribution to the nation's Gross Domestic Product and revenue is declining exponentially; the decline may be attributed to varying problems affecting the agricultural value chain resulting in low productivity. The agricultural value chain comprises a series of activities and value addition processes required to transform raw materials into useable products to maximize the final consumers' utility.1 The agricultural value chain's marketing activities have been skewed with challenges, thus affecting agricultural productivity and agricultural sector contribution to the economy. The paper critically examines and discuss the impact of agricultural marketing to economic development, a historical review of agricultural marketing in Nigeria, challenges undermining the impact of agricultural marketing, measures to reposition agricultural marketing potential to build back better, policy recommendations to reposition the future of Nigeria's agricultural productivity. The paper aims to promote concerted efforts through knowledge dissemination to build back better through market research and facilitation and boost economic prosperity.
Normalization based Multi-Criteria Collaborative Filtering Approach for Recommendation System
Authors: Ifada Noor , Putri Nur Fitriani Dwi , Sophan Mochammad Kautsar
Published: January 2021

A multi-criteria collaborative filtering recommendation system allows its users to rate items based on several criteria. Users instinctively have different tendencies in rating items that some of them are quite generous while others tend to be pretty stingy.  Given the diverse rating patterns, implementing a normalization technique in the system is beneficial to reveal the latent relationship within the multi-criteria rating data. This paper analyses and compares the performances of two methods that implement the normalization based multi-criteria collaborative filtering approach. The framework of the method development consists of three main processes, i.e.: multi-criteria rating representation, multi-criteria rating normalization, and rating prediction using a multi-criteria collaborative filtering approach. The developed methods are labelled based on the implemented normalization technique and multi-criteria collaborative filtering approaches, i.e., Decoupling normalization and Multi-Criteria User-based approach (DMCUser) and Decoupling normalization and Multi-Criteria User-based approach (DMCItem). Experiment results using the real-world Yelp Dataset show that DMCItem outperforms DMCUser at most  in terms of Precision and Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (NDCG). Though DMCUser can perform better than DMCItem at large , it is still more practical to implement DMCItem rather than DMCUser in a multi-criteria recommendation system since users tend to show more interest to items at the top list.
Palliative treatment of endometrial cancer: what is the role of Anastrozole in elderly women?
Authors: Gardella Barbara , Dominoni Mattia , Bogliolo Stefano , Cassani Chiara , Carletti Giulia Vittoria , De Silvestri Annalisa , Spinillo Arsenio
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Type I endometrial cancer is a common disease which takes place in female genital tract. The aim of the work is to asset the feasibility and safety of anastrozole in the palliative treatment of endometrial cancer in elderly women not eligible to standard surgical treatment. Methods: eight patients with histological diagnosis of endometrial cancer were enrolled in this pilot study. Anastrozole was administered 1 mg daily per os after performing an accurate radiological mapping of the lesion. A questionnaire evaluated the quality of life of these patients. Results: the median age was 85 (range 80-88years). The endometrial cancer was confined to the uterus in all patients. No progression of disease was observed. A partial response to the therapy was reported in seven patients, while no response was reported in one patient. A decrease in the symptoms such as pain, vaginal bleeding and vaginal discomfort was reported, as well as no progression of disease. The endometrial thickness after twelve months has showed a reduction of 9.25 ± 4.77 mm. The average rate of follow-up was 18.25 months. Four women died for other reasons, none of them related to endometrial cancer. Evaluation of symptoms showed a significant reduction of appetite loss and insomnia, while a significant increase of global health status and fatigue was reported. Conclusion: our preliminary data reported that the palliative use of anastrozole may be a suitable therapy for a good control of early stages of endometrial cancer in inoperable elderly women, having a good compliance and tolerance.
Up-regulation of BRCA1 and Rad51 Genes Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells is Associated with Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Asghari Arghavan , Rezae Seyed , Ziaee Masood , Valizadeh Narges , Javanmard Davod , Naseri Mohsen
Published: January 2021

Background: Many viruses increase their replication by affecting DNA damage response (DDR) signaling and activating and inhibiting DNA damage response factors. to date, few studies have investigated Homologous Recombination (HR) system in the field of hepatitis B patients. The current study set out to investigate HR system by examining the expression of RAD51, BRCA1, and HBx genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of hepatitis B patients. Two groups of subjects were enrolled including healthy controls (n=61) and hepatitis B patients (n=60). The serum levels of HBV DNA, Rad5 1and BRCA1, in the PBMCs were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR.) Moreover, serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST) levels were assessed by automatic biochemical analyzer technique. Results: In HBV-infected patients, the gene expression of Rad51 and BRCA 1 were significantly upregulated compared to healthy controls (P< 0.05). However, There is a statistically significant correlation between Rad51(r= 0.838; P value < 0.001) and BRCA1(r= 0.588; P value < 0.05), genes expression and viral load. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that hepatitis B virus affected the homologous recombination system by increasing the expression of Rad51 and BRCA1 genes, suggesting these genes could be considered as valuable therapeutic targets for treating hepatitis B patients.
Surveillance culture and Gram staining for detecting the causative bacteria of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neonates
Authors: Uemura Yoshiki , Enomoto Masahiro , Sakuma Mio , Kikuchi Shin , Takei Atsuko , Ikegami Hitoshi , Minami Hirotaka , Katayama Yoshinori
Published: January 2021

Background

To investigate the efficacy of surveillance culture for the rapid detection of pathogens associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in neonates.
Methods

A retrospective study was conducted on all patients with VAP in the neonatal intensive care unit. Whether causative bacteria on the culture of tracheal aspirates obtained at the onset of VAP matched with those on Gram staining and weekly surveillance culture was investigated.
Result

The concordance rate between surveillance culture using samples collected 4–10 days before VAP and causative bacteria was 53%. When Gram staining was performed at the onset of VAP, the concordance rate significantly increased to 86% (p = 0.022).
Conclusions

The concurrent use of surveillance culture and Gram staining for the detection of causative bacteria may be effective in determining initial treatment among neonates with VAP.
Extrahepatic Alveolar Echinococcus on Multi-slice Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Hui Guo , Liu Wenya , Wang Jian , Xing Yan
Published: January 2021

Background. Alveolar echinococcus (AE) is a severe health problem in endemic areas. In recent years, the incidence of this disease in China has been increasing. The study was designed to illustrate the multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of extrahepatic AE.Methods. A cohort of 33 patients who suffered from extrahepatic AE was enrolled consecutively from January 2012 to December 2017. The MSCT and MRI features of extrahepatic AE were recorded and analyzed by experienced radiologists. The MSCT and MRI agreements for detecting imaging features of extrahepatic AE were calculated using kappa statistics.Results. All cases secondary to hepatic AE, except two primary extrahepatic AE, were found in this study. Locations of extrahepatic AE included 19 (57.6%) lung, 10 (30.3%) adrenal gland, 9 (27.3%) brain, 5 (15.2%) peritoneal cavity, 5 (15.2%) spleen, 4 (12.1%) diaphragm, 3 (9.1%) kidney, 3 (9.1%) retroperitoneal, and 2 (6.1%) vertebra; Involvement of 1 (3.0%) heart, 1 (3.0%) mediastinum, 1 (3.0%) muscle, and 1 (3.0%) pancreas was rare. AE of the lung usually appeared as irregular and scattered nodules with small vacuoles or cavities inside and peripheral distribution. Multiple cerebral nodules with calcification and surrounding edema were the most common features seen in brain AE. Adrenal gland AE presented as plaques containing different sizes of hypodense areas and different amounts of calcification. Injection of contrast medium showed no enhancement of lesions except in the brain. Very good agreements were seen between MSCT and MR for detecting number (κ=0.841, p=0.000), border (κ=0.911, p=0.000) and size (κ=0.864, p=0.000) of extrahepatic AE.Conclusions. MSCT and MRI are reliable imaging methods for the diagnosis of extrahepatic AE. When one AE patient is clinically confirmed, MSCT scan from the head to pelvis should be performed to exclude other organs AE.