bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building a Worship Demand Application with The Waterfall Method Using Flutter Framework at The Al-Muttaqin Mosque Suralaga, Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad Subki  , Muhamad Masjun Efendi  , Erfan Wahyudi
Published: April 2024

With the rapid development of modern technology such as smartphones, it has positive and negative impacts in this modern era. The positive impact is easy access to information. Meanwhile, the negative impact is misuse of the smartphone itself, such as opening websites that are not suitable for viewing, one of which is addiction to internet games which makes you lazy about studying. Apart from that, there is also a significant problem, namely travelers and children or teenagers at the Al-Muttaqin Mosque in Suralaga who seem to have quite difficulty carrying religious guidance in the form of a book. To overcome this, an Android-based prayer guidance application was created. It is hoped that this can provide understanding for children and teenagers at the Al-Muttaqin Mosque in Suralaga. As a result, this application was built using the Flutter Framework and the Waterfall method which consists of the user needs analysis stage, namely analyzing what needs and features are needed when creating the application. The design stage is the system design stage using System Flowcharts, UML (Use Case, Class and Activity) diagrams. The implementation stage is the stage of implementing the UI/UX design into a programming language using Visual Studio Code. The final testing stage is the stage of testing the functionality of the application using black box testing and using usability. The results of black box testing show that all menus were successfully executed and the results of usability testing using a Likert scale were 84.8%. This shows that in terms of utility the application built is in the "Very Good" category.
Building Smart and Good Citizens in The Digital Era Through Citizenship Education in Indonesia
Authors: Musa  , Baiq Astri Candra Wulan
Published: April 2024

This research seeks to analyze and reflect the urgency of building smart and good citizens in the digital era through the citizenship education program, because it includes efforts to strengthen civic competence in an inclusive and massive manner, citizenship education, and increase youth literacy based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This research was completed based on a qualitative approach, using literature study methods, data analysis techniques, namely reduction, display and verification. The result is, in a world full of easily accessible information, smart citizens must be able to sort and filter correct and trustworthy information. They must have the ability to verify the veracity of information and analyze its sources. This is important to avoid the spread of fake news (hoaxes) and promote accurate knowledge. The digital era also provides many opportunities to participate in people's lives online. Smart citizens can use digital platforms to share ideas, voice opinions, and contribute to issues they care about. They must also be able to communicate well and respect other people's opinions in a digital environment. In addition, Smart citizens must understand the importance of digital ethics in online interactions. They must respect the rights and privacy of others, avoid cyberbullying behavior, and promote a positive and inclusive attitude in cyberspace. Forming good citizens in the digital era means forming individuals who are responsible, empathetic and have social awareness in the use of technology. In order to form smart and good citizens in the digital era, education and awareness of the importance of digital literacy and digital ethics need to be improved. Schools and educational institutions should include subjects that teach technology skills and wise use. Apart from that, the role of parents and the community is also important in providing guidance and good examples in the use of digital technology. In this way, we can create an intelligent, responsible and ethical society in this digital era.
Empowering Village Communities Through Mutual Cooperation Mobilization Agents in Kalimontang Village in Overcoming Stunting
Authors: Mujahidin  , Lalu Ahmad Murdhani
Published: April 2024

Stunting is a world problem because of its implications for determining the future of the nation. Indonesia, as a developing country, still has a high stunting prevalence rate. Based on data from the 2022 National Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI), the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is 21.6%. This figure is still more than the target figure set by the World Health Organization (WHO), the stunting rate should be no more than 20%. There were obstacles in implementing the stunting reduction target, one of which was a lack of important intake such as animal protein and vegetable protein. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing stunting prevention by empowering village communities through mutual cooperation agents in Kalimantong Village, West Sumbawa Regency. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The research results show that Kalimantong Village has a relatively low prevalence rate compared to other villages in Brang Ene District, West Sumbawa Regency. Therefore, to support the target of reducing stunting, human empowerment is needed through mutual cooperation agents to prevent stunting and increase human resources in Indonesia.
Sted, krop og dyb geologisk tid
Authors: Rasmussen Lisa Stolt , Jørgensen Nanna Jordt
Published: April 2024

I denne artikel sætter vi fokus på de kropslige processer, der udfolder sig i forbindelse med læsning af en billedbog om klimatiske forandringer i børnehaven. Med inspiration fra kropsfænomenologiske og nymaterielle teoretiske perspektiver undersøger vi, hvordan børn engagerer sig i spørgsmål om klima, død og forandring i forbindelse med læsning af billedbøger i daginstitutionen. Analysen peger på, at børn forholder sig til komplekse og abstrakte aspekter af natur- og samfundsforandringer på måder, der er kropsligt og stedsligt situeret.
Med kroppen i ‘den sorte gryde’
Authors: Blomgren Henriette
Published: April 2024

Artiklens formål er at skabe viden om og fremhæve børns perspektiver, aktørskab og brug af kroppen i dramaøvelser, der finder sted i subtilt samspil med teaterpædagoger og skolens pædagogiske personale. Studiet finder sted i skolens specialklasser og i tilknytning til Grib Engagementet, et initiativ af det danske Kulturministerie. Det kvalitative empiriske materiale består af observation, refleksioner med voksne og børneinterviews. Gennem induktive analyser peger artiklen på, at børnene gerne vil vise sig frem og udfolde deres aktørskab i det mere uforudsigelige og åbne univers, benævnt ’den sorte gryde’, som dramaøvelserne udgør – selvom det for nogle kræver overvindelse. Fundene fremhæver desuden, at dramaøvelserne aktiverer den teatrale og engagerede krop og skaber nye udtryksmuligheder og samværsformer for børn og voksne.
Electoral campaigning in a hybrid media environment
Authors: Severin-Nielsen Majbritt Kappelgaard
Published: April 2024

In the current hybrid media environment, politicians have manifold opportunities to be in contact with voters during elections. Legacy news media still constitute an important campaign tool for politi- cians, but a range of social media have gained ground in electoral campaigning over the last decades as well. Against this backdrop, the aim of this study is to shed further light on politicians’ campaign practices in a hybrid communication environment, and whether the introduction of social media have introduced new dynamics into election campaigns. The study does so through a case study of Dan- ish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen and opposition party leader Alex Vanopslagh’s social media campaigns and online news pres- ence during the 2022 national election. The study finds that Freder- iksen was more in the news during the election than Vanopslagh, but that social media was central in both campaigns. However, Van- opslagh was on a broader set of social media and to a greater extent capitalised on the platform affordances than Frederiksen.
Engagement of stakeholders in the development of generic medical and nursing curricula in Tanzania through media outlets and social media
Authors: Mloka D , Tarimo E , Sirili N , Kulanga A , Nyongole O , Mtui H , Mteta A , Bartlett J , Mshana S , Kaaya E , Moshi M
Published: April 2024

Background. The Catholic University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College and Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences teamed up to address gaps in the training curricula for medical doctors and nurses with the aim of developing harmonised curricular templates that would be comprehensive and suit national objectives.
Objectives. To share experiences and lessons learned in engaging stakeholders using social media as an additional method to collect information on curricular gaps and ideas to develop harmonised medical and nursing curricula.
Methods. Pictures, newsprint extracts, and videos of face-to-face events in the curriculum development process and project and a curriculum advert were posted on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube and used to engage stakeholders, including regulatory bodies, health professional councils, graduates, students, practitioners, health training institutions, private and public employers, internship supervisors, faculty and the public. Reactions, comments and post insights from stakeholder postings, in both Swahili and English, were analysed manually and categorised into four types of messages: congratulatory, comments on the process and expected outcomes, curricular gaps, and faculty development needs to implement new curricula.
Results. A total of 69 290 stakeholders were engaged via Facebook and 229 via Twitter. A total of 13 553 (19.6%) Facebook and 179 (78.2%) Twitter comments were directly related to gaps in current curricula and graduate competencies. Other inputs received through social media were on faculty development needs to implement harmonised curricula and the project in general.
Conclusion. This was the first attempt to engage curriculum stakeholders using social media for the development of harmonised curricula in Tanzania. The impact of social media in providing relevant inputs for curriculum development was significant. Use of social media, with multiple language options, is an economical and efficient way to reach a large number of stakeholders for curriculum quality improvement.
Navigating the troubled waters of higher education – a phenomenological study on the needs and challenges of first‐year clinical associate students in South Africa
Authors: Nel C , Wolvaardt J E , Du Toit P H
Published: April 2024

Background. Clinical associates (ClinAs) are educated in decentralised learning platforms where they gain skills and a concrete understanding of the fundamental challenges of healthcare in remote and poverty-stricken districts of South Africa. Due to the decentralised nature of the programme, these students seldom have access to ‘on-campus’ academic and psychosocial support. A peer mentorship programme has proved useful in this regard in other settings.
Objective. To explore the unique academic and psychosocial challenges and needs of first-year clinical associate (ClinA) students and describe the views of the research participants on the perceived enablers and constraints of a ClinA peer mentorship programme.
Methods. A phenomenological research design was used. The population included ClinA students and academic members of staff. Five appreciative inquiry interviews and two focus group discussions were conducted.
Results. Four themes were identified: (i) flailing like a fish out of water (challenges experienced by ClinA students); (ii) floating devices (benefits of peer support programmes); (iii) the life saver (perceived enablers of peer support programmes); and (iv) rip currents (perceived constraints of peer support programmes).
Conclusion. Unique challenges identified were: (i) the teaching and learning strategy implemented by the facilitator of the programme; (ii) the decentralised learning platforms; and (iii) the absence of institutional support at clinical learning centres. All participants agreed that peer mentor support is beneficial and essential for ClinA students, but that the peer mentor programme needs to be bespoke to address the limited access to academic and psychosocial on-campus support and the profile of the students, who are of rural origin and first-generation students.
The Internal and External Factors: EU Contestation in Kosovo as a Peripheral Country
Authors: Murati Gjylbehare , Shala Sabiha , Hoti Afrim
Published: April 2024

Kosovo, as a peripheral country in the context of the EU integration process, remains a potential candidate country with one of the most isolated populations in the Western Balkan region. The citizens of Kosovo are still unable to travel to EU coun­tries without a visa. Unfortunately, this process has been a condition with Kosovo­­Serbia dialogue, facilitated by the EU. This article assesses the influence of both processes, from the internal and external perspective, on the contestation of the EU’s actress among different actors in Kosovo – political elites, experts, and citizens. An analysis of existing relevant research, statistical data of national and interna­tional organizations, and above thirty media articles published between 2015 and 2023, shows a decline in Kosovo citizens’ trust in the EU from 89% in 2015 to 73% in 2022, and lately a substantial drop with only 42%.
Countering Radicalism of The Government Oﬃcials in Indonesia: An Insider’s Look Into Government Eﬀorts
Authors: Sudrajat Tedi , Hendriana Rani , Jati Baginda
Published: April 2024

This study was focused on the increasingly widespread phenomenon of radicalism among government officials in Indonesia. The perspective adopted an evaluation of government legal policies designed to curtail the proliferation of radicalism through counter­radicalization, and deradicalization measures. These anti­radica­lism policies were aimed to reintegrate government officials who had been influ­enced by radicalism, aligning their thinking, attitudes, and behaviour with the principles of the Indonesian Pancasila. Presently, the envisioned ideal conditions remain elusive. Therefore, this study adopted a normative approach to assessing the precision of the implementation of anti­radicalization and deradicalization policies, with a focus on comprehensive regulations and targeted methods. The proposed remedy involved a shift in legal policy, with greater emphasis placed on counter­radicalization efforts developed through a screening process that iden­tified potential instances of radicalism in the cyber realm through early detection. Subsequently, these cases were directed to the legal process, with a deradicalization attempt, which emphasized an understanding of the ideology of Pancasila.
CLOCK evolved in cnidaria to synchronize internal rhythms with diel environmental cues
Authors: Aguillon Raphael , Rinsky Mieka , Simon-Blecher Noa , Doniger Tirza , Appelbaum Lior , Levy Oren
Published: April 2024

The circadian clock enables anticipation of the day/night cycle in animals ranging from cnidarians to mammals. Circadian rhythms are generated through a transcription-translation feedback loop (TTFL or pacemaker) with CLOCK as a conserved positive factor in animals. However, the functional evolutionary origin and mechanism of action of CLOCK in basal animals are unknown. In the cnidarian
Nematostella vectensis
, pacemaker genes transcription including
NvClk
(the
Clock
ortholog) appears arrhythmic under constant light conditions, questioning the role of NvCLK. Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9, we generated a
NvClk
allele mutant (
NvClk
1
), revealing circadian behavior loss in constant light conditions (LL and DD) while a 24-hour rhythm was maintained under light-dark condition (LD). Transcriptomics showed distinct rhythmic genes in wild-type (WT) genes in LD compared to DD. The LD
NvClk
1

-/-

showed comparable numbers of rhythmic genes, whereas they were greatly reduced in DD. Furthermore, the LD
NvClk
1

-/-

showed alterations of temporal pacemaker genes expression, affecting their potential interactions. Additionally, differential expression of non-rhythmic genes associated with cell division and neuronal differentiation was observed. These findings suggest that while the light-responsive pathway can partially compensate for circadian clock disruption, the
Clock
gene has evolved in cnidarians to maintain 24-hour rhythmic physiology and behavior in constant conditions.
Bacterial vampirism mediated through taxis to serum
Authors: Glenn Siena J. , Gentry-Lear Zealon , Shavlik Michael , Harms Michael J. , Asaki Thomas J. , Baylink Arden
Published: April 2024

Bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and bacteremia and are a leading cause of death, from sepsis, for individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases. The bacterial behaviors and mechanisms underlying why these bacteria are prone to bloodstream entry remains poorly understood. Herein, we report that clinical isolates of non-typhoidal
Salmonella enterica
serovars,
Escherichia coli
, and
Citrobacter koseri
are rapidly attracted toward sources of human serum. To simulate GI bleeding, we utilized a custom injection-based microfluidics device and found that femtoliter volumes of human serum are sufficient to induce the bacterial population to swim toward and aggregate at the serum source. This response is orchestrated through chemotaxis, and a major chemical cue driving chemoattraction is L-serine, an amino acid abundant in serum that is recognized through direct binding by the chemoreceptor Tsr. We report the first crystal structures of
Salmonella
Typhimurium Tsr in complex with L-serine and identify a conserved amino acid recognition motif for L-serine shared among Tsr orthologues. By mapping the phylogenetic distribution of this chemoreceptor we found Tsr to be widely conserved among Enterobacteriaceae and numerous World Health Organization priority pathogens associated with bloodstream infections. Lastly, we find that Enterobacteriaceae use human serum as a source of nutrients for growth and that chemotaxis and the chemoreceptor Tsr provides a competitive advantage for migration into enterohaemorrhagic lesions. We term this bacterial behavior of taxis toward serum, colonization of hemorrhagic lesions, and the consumption of serum nutrients, as “bacterial vampirism” which may relate to the proclivity of Enterobacteriaceae for bloodstream infections.
Formation of a giant unilocular vacuole via macropinocytosis-like process confers anoikis resistance
Authors: Kim Jeongsik , Kim Dahyun , Kim Dong-Kyun , Lee Sang-Hee , Jang Wonyul , Lim Dae-Sik
Published: April 2024

Cell survival in metazoans depends on cell attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM) or to neighboring cells. Loss of such attachment triggers a type of programmed cell death known as anoikis, the acquisition of resistance to which is a key step in cancer development. The mechanisms underlying anoikis resistance remain unclear, however. The intracellular F-actin cytoskeleton plays a key role in sensing the loss of cell-ECM attachment, but how its disruption affects cell fate during such stress is not well understood. Here we reveal a cell survival strategy characterized by formation of a giant unilocular vacuole (GUVac) in the cytoplasm of the cells whose actin cytoskeleton is disrupted during loss of matrix attachment. Time-lapse imaging and electron microscopy showed that large vacuoles with a diameter of >500 nm accumulated early after inhibition of actin polymerization in cells in suspension culture, and that these vacuoles subsequently coalesced to form a GUVac. GUVac formation was found to result from a variation of a macropinocytosis-like process, characterized by the presence of inwardly curved membrane invaginations. This phenomenon relies on both F-actin depolymerization and the recruitment of septin proteins for micron-sized plasma membrane invagination. The vacuole fusion step during GUVac formation requires PI(3)P produced by VPS34 and PI3K-C2α on the surface of vacuoles. Furthermore, its induction after loss of matrix attachment conferred anoikis resistance. Our results thus show that the formation of a previously unrecognized organelle promotes cell survival in the face of altered actin and matrix environments.
Regulated mRNA recruitment in dinoflagellates is reflected in hyper-variable mRNA spliced leaders and novel eIF4Es
Authors: Jones Grant D. , Williams Ernest P. , Haq Saddef , Bachvaroff Tsvetan R. , Sanchez M. Basanta , Place Allen R. , Jagus Rosemary
Published: April 2024

Dinoflagellates are eukaryotic algae with large genomes that rely heavily on post-transcriptional control for the regulation of gene expression. Dinoflagellate mRNAs are
trans
-spliced with a conserved 22 base spliced leader sequence (SL) that includes the 5’-cap to which the translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binds to facilitate ribosomal recruitment. The binding of an eIF4E to a specific mRNA SL is a potential regulatory point in controlling dinoflagellate gene expression. Here we show that m
7
G is the 5’-cap base of the 65 bp SL RNA with additional methylations throughout the SL to give a mixture of novel multi-methylated sequences in
Amphidinium carterae
(CCMP1314). There is also sequence variability in all four bases seen at the first position followed by a variety of polymorphisms. Three novel clades of eIF4E have been shown in dinoflagellates that are distinct from the three metazoan classes of eIF4E. Members of each clade differ significantly from each other, but all bear the distinctive features of a cap-binding protein. Here we show large differences in expression and activity in six of the eight eIF4E family members from
A. carterae
. Transcripts of each are expressed throughout the diel cycle, but only eIF4E-1 family members and eIF4E-2a show discernable expression at the level of protein. Recombinant eIF4E-1 family members and eIF4E-3a, but not eIF4E-2a, are able to bind to m
7
GTP substrates
in vitro
. Overall, eIF4E-1a emerges with characteristics consistent with the role of a prototypical initiation factor; eIF4E-1a is the most conserved and highly expressed eIF4E family member, has the highest affinity for m
7
GpppG and m
7
GpppC by surface plasmon resonance, and is able to complement a yeast strain conditionally deficient in eIF4E. The large number of eIF4E family members along with the sequence and methylation state variability in the mRNA SLs underscore the unique nature of the translational machinery in the dinoflagellate lineage and suggest a wide range of possibilities for differential recruitment of mRNAs to the translation machinery.

In the dinoflagellate,
A. carterae
, hyper-variable mRNA spliced leaders and novel eIF4Es reflect the reliance of dinoflagellates on variable mRNA recruitment for the regulation of gene expression

.
A review of social background profiling of speakers from speech accents
Authors: Humayun Mohammad Ali , Shuja Junaid , Abas Pg Emeroylariffion
Published: April 2024

Social background profiling of speakers is heavily used in areas, such as, speech forensics, and tuning speech recognition for accuracy improvement. This article provides a survey of recent research in speaker background profiling in terms of accent classification and analyses the datasets, speech features, and classification models used for the classification tasks. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent research related to speaker background profiling and to present a comparative analysis of the achieved performance measures. Comprehensive descriptions of the datasets, speech features, and classification models used in recent research for accent classification have been presented, with a comparative analysis made on the performance measures of the different methods. This analysis provides insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the different methods for accent classification. Subsequently, research gaps have been identified, which serve as a useful resource for researchers looking to advance the field.
Gene expression profiles of Japanese precious coral Corallium japonicum during gametogenesis
Authors: Pepino Ma. Marivic Capitle , Manalili Sam Edward , Sekida Satoko , Mezaki Takuma , Okumura Tomoyo , Kubota Satoshi
Published: April 2024

Background

Corallium japonicum, a prized resource in Japan, plays a vital role in traditional arts and fishing industries. Because of diminished stock due to overexploitation, ongoing efforts are focused on restoration through transplantation. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the reproductive biology of these valuable corals and find more efficient methods for sex determination, which may significantly contribute to conservation initiatives.

Methods

We used 12 three-month aquarium reared C. japonicum colony fragments, conducted histological analysis for maturity and sex verification, and performed transcriptome analysis via de novo assembly and mapping using the C. rubrum transcriptome to explore gene expression differences between female and male C. japonicum.

Results

Our histological observations enabled sex identification in 33% of incompletely mature samples. However, the sex of the remaining 67% of samples, classified as immature, could not be identified. RNA-seq yielded approximately 21–31 million short reads from 12 samples. De novo assembly yielded 404,439 highly expressed transcripts. Among them, 855 showed significant differential expression, with 786 differentially expressed transcripts between females and males. Heatmap analysis highlighted 283 female-specific and 525 male-specific upregulated transcripts. Transcriptome assembly mapped to C. rubrum yielded 28,092 contigs, leading to the identification of 190 highly differentially expressed genes, with 113 upregulated exclusively in females and 70 upregulated exclusively in males. Blastp analysis provided putative protein annotations for 83 female and 72 male transcripts. Annotation analysis revealed that female biological processes were related to oocyte proliferation and reproduction, whereas those in males were associated with cell adhesion.

Discussion

Transcriptome analysis revealed sex-specific gene upregulation in incompletely mature C. japonicum and shared transcripts with C. rubrum, providing insight into its gene expression patterns. This study highlights the importance of using both de novo and reference-based assembly methods. Functional enrichment analysis showed that females exhibited enrichment in cell proliferation and reproduction pathways, while males exhibited enrichment in cell adhesion pathways. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the gene expressions of each sex during the spawning season. Our findings offer valuable insights into the physiological ecology of incompletely mature red Japanese precious corals and suggest a method for identifying sex using various genes expressed in female and male individuals. In the future, techniques such as transplantation, artificial fertilization, and larval rearing may involve sex determination methods based on differences in gene expression to help conserve precious coral resources and ecosystems.
Bidirectional correlation between gastroesophageal reflux disease and sleep problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Xiaolong , Wang Shasha , Wu Fengjie , Zhu Jun
Published: April 2024

Objectives

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and sleep problems are highly prevalent among the general population. Both them are associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, which is highlighting an underexplored connection between them. This meta-analysis aims to explore the association between sleep problems and GERD.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords, covering articles from the inception of the databases until August 2023. Stata statistical software, version 14.0, was utilized for all statistical analyses. A fixed-effects model was applied when p > 0.1 and I2 ≤ 50%, while a random-effects model was employed for high heterogeneity (p < 0.1 and I2 > 50%). Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias.

Results

Involving 22 studies, our meta-analysis revealed that insomnia, sleep disturbance, or short sleep duration significantly increased the risk of GERD (OR = 2.02, 95% CI [1.64–2.49], p < 0.001; I2 = 66.4%; OR = 1.98, 95% CI [1.58–2.50], p < 0.001, I2 = 50.1%; OR = 2.66, 95% CI [2.02–3.15], p < 0.001; I2 = 62.5%, respectively). GERD was associated with an elevated risk of poor sleep quality (OR = 1.47, 95% CI [1.47–1.79], p < 0.001, I2 = 72.4%), sleep disturbance (OR = 1.47, 95% CI [1.24–1.74], p < 0.001, I2 = 71.6%), or short sleep duration (OR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.12–1.21], p < 0.001, I2 = 0).

Conclusion

This meta-analysis establishes a bidirectional relationship between four distinct types of sleep problems and GERD. The findings offer insights for the development of innovative approaches in the treatment of both GERD and sleep problems.
Impact of Dark Mode on the User Experience of Productivity-Oriented Applications
Authors: Zebec Robert , Huffstadt Karsten
Published: April 2024

The increasing adoption of dark mode in user interfaces has sparked interest in its impact on user experience. This study aims to quantitatively measure the effects of dark mode on user productivity and overall experience within a productivity-oriented app. An A/B testing methodology is employed, where participants are randomly assigned to use either a dark mode or light mode version of the app. Quantitative measurements, such as task completion time and the user feedback, are collected and analysed. The study seeks to answer whether dark mode significantly enhances or detracts from user productivity and overall experience. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights for designers and developers in optimising their interfaces and contribute to the body of knowledge on the impact of dark mode on user experience.
Research on the Age-Friendly Transformation of Old Residential Communities
Authors: Yang Nan , Wang Bin
Published: April 2024

In our country, the population ageing pressure is increasing day by day. The infrastructure of the old residential areas is mostly old and the management is backward. The problems of the elderly involved in the process of their transformation need to be solved. In view of the existing problems in the old residential quarters, such as the building conditions, facilities and equipment, community service, residents maintenance, community environment, transformation predicament, etc., combined with national policies, guidance and industry norms. Based on the physical, psychological and social needs of the elderly, the corresponding design strategies are put forward, and summed up the analysis of the old residential areas suitable for aging transformation of the implementation path. The aim of this paper is to provide help for the upgrading of the old residential area.
Topographical, climatic, and Geological controls of groundwater flow in mountain block recharge and groundwater - surface water interaction
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Ingeniería, Christian Marti Etienne Bernard
Published: April 2024

Mountains, often referred to as the world's water towers, play a vital role in global water distribution. They receive significant precipitations and redistribute these waters to lower regions, thereby sustaining a major portion of our planet's water needs. Moreover, in the face of climate change and increasing human water consumption, lowland aquifers are experiencing unprecedented depletion. Thus, there is a crucial need to characterize all recharge sources arriving at the lowland aquifers, including both surface and groundwater contribution. Nevertheless, the complexity of mountain systems and their remoteness impede full comprehension of their functioning. In this context, this thesis aims to deepen our understanding of mountainous groundwater systems and their crucial connection to lowland basins. The methodology is two-fold, using parsimonious numerical models to grasp the broader hydrogeological dynamics, and secondly, implementing an innovative, interdisciplinary field study to examine local peculiarities. This study reveals that the topography highly influences aquifer desaturation patterns and hence groundwater-surface water interactions, further determining biogeochemical and ecological processes and impacting groundwater dependent systems. The slope contrast between flat and steep areas exerts the principal control, while landscape shape exerts a secondary control. Regarding geological heterogeneities, at the local scale, using a novel methodology, geological structures were identified and satisfactorily linked them to an increase in streamflow. Finally, in studying regional geological heterogeneities, the study unveils the role of such structures and their hydrodynamic properties on groundwater flows pattern and interbasins exchanges. The studied catchment consistently exchanges between 0 and 20% with surrounding catchments. while characterizing the contribution of mountain systems to lowland areas. This research by questioning existing groundwater paradigms and their applicability on mountain systems thoroughly study the groundwater flow controls improving paradigms definition in mountain systems. By establishing a robust framework for future research, it underscores the need for multidisciplinary approaches to develop a comprehensive understanding of mountainous regions as vital contributors to global water resources.
Expression of GATA3, p63, E-cadherin and Her2Neu Immunohistochemical Stains in Urothelial Carcinoma and their Relationship with Histological Grading and Prognosis- A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mukherjee Debarghya , Dey Soumya , Chatterjee Souvik , Mondal Madhumita , Singh Deepali , Sinha Mamata Guha Mallick
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Urinary bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer worldwide. Cystoscopy and biopsy/Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT) are the best techniques for diagnosing and staging urinary bladder cancers. Urothelial Carcinomas (UC), particularly in transurethral resection biopsies, can pose diagnostic difficulties due to limited material. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) plays a valuable role in these settings, and many immunostains are being utilised for diagnostic evaluation. However, the relationship of these immunomarkers with histological grade and their prognostic utility has not been adequately explored. Aim: To analyse expression of Her2Neu, E-cadherin, p63, and GATA3 in UC and its relation with histological grading and prognosis. Materials and Methods: This was an observational crosssectional study conducted in the Pathology Department of IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India over two years (November 2020-October 2022). Samples of 100 bladder carcinoma patients with predominant TURBT specimens were included in the study. The histopathological reports and tumour grading were done according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of urinary bladder tumours. The Formalin Fixed Paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections of the tumour blocks were subjected to IHC staining, and the results were interpreted accordingly. Statistical analysis was performed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), IBM (version 25.0). Unpaired t-test and Z-test (Standard Normal Deviate) were used to test the significant difference between two proportions. Results: The mean age of the study population was 59.69±14.53 years, and there was a male preponderance (male: female=3.54:1). Histopathological examination revealed 55% to be of low-grade morphology. Overall, 53% of cases were in T1 stage, and the rest were in T2 stage. On IHC analysis, E-cadherin showed a statistically significant decrease in intensity with increasing grade (p-value <0.001) and T stage of UC (p-value <0.001), but there was no statistically significant relationship between Her2Neu expression and tumour grade/ stage (p-value 0.5764 and 0.5663, respectively). A statistically significant relationship was observed between GATA3 and p63 scores with the grade and T stage of the tumour, i.e., GATA3 positivity increased with increasing grade and T stage of the tumour (p-value <0.001 in both), and there was a loss of p63 with advancing grade and stage of the tumour (p-value <0.001 in both). Conclusion: GATA3, p63, and E-cadherin can be used as prognostic markers in UCs. No significant relationship was found between Her2Neu expression and tumour grade in UC.
Colour Stability of Two Different Denture Base Resins and the Efficacy of Two Denture Cleansing Agents after Tea and Coffee Staining: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Agrawal Sonam S , Kukde Monal M , Lahoti Krishna Kumar S , Gade Jaykumar R , Bankar Nandkishor J
Published: April 2024

Introduction: In dentistry, colour is one of the most important dimensions of aesthetics. Due to the diverse food habits in India, stains accumulate on dentures. Various denture cleansing agents such as Fittydent and Clinsodent are widely used, emphasising the importance of patient oral hygiene. Aim: To evaluate the colour stability of heat-cure activated acrylic denture base resins {Dental Products of India (DPI) and Trevalon} after staining with tea and coffee, subsequently treated with Clinsodent, Fittydent, and distilled water (control group) as cleansing agents. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted at Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, in the Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge, and Implantology in collaboration with Indorama, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India, over a period of approximately 90 days (August-October 2017). Total 120 samples were prepared in-vitro study using custom-made brass metal discs measuring 10 mm by 2 mm. Trevalon and DPI heat-cure acrylic denture base resins were used for sample preparation. Baseline colour stability values were established after immersing the samples in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The samples were then stained for eight hours, followed by immersion in different cleansing agents and distilled water for 12 hours. This process was repeated every 24 hours for 60 days, with the staining and cleansing agents replenished daily. Colour measurements were taken at baseline, 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th days. Statistical analysis involved t-tests and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The DPI denture base resin exhibited a highly significant ∆E (change in energy) at 45 days (p=0.0001), while Trevalon showed significance at 60 days (p=0.0079). The difference in means was statistically significant using t-tests for independent samples, and the variance-measure analysis indicated statistical significance in the means of ∆E. The comparison of the three cleansing agents at 60 days was statistically obtained using one-way ANOVA. Conclusion: Dental Products of India (DPI) showed more colour variation than Trevalon. Tea showed a higher staining than coffee. Staining intensity increased over time, peaking at 45 days and stabilising thereafter. Clinsodent is better than Fittydent in removing stains.
Review of Structural and Functional Anatomy of Kidney in Ayurvedic Literature with Special Reference to Diseases of the Kidney
Authors: Kulkarni Abhay Narayan , Kulkarni Rajashree Abhay
Published: April 2024

Description of organs and their treatment in Ayurvedic texts is very brief. In today’s world when the diseases of organs like kidneys, heart, liver, and brain etc., are becoming very common, Ayurvedic practitioners find these descriptions inadequate to treat patients with such diseases. An effort was made to assess whether critical analysis of references related to kidneys in classical Ayurvedic texts provide inputs to an Ayurvedic Practitioner to understand the pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Tantrayukti based interpretation of references of kidneys in classical Ayurvedic texts establishes that kidneys were known to, and are elaborately described in Ayurveda, with their anatomical details such as embryological origin, name, number, relation with other abdominal organs, location etc. They are known by the name of Vrukka, which are the abdominal organs that are two in number and are described as Basti Marma (which includes the kidneys, ureter, and Bladder) for the purpose of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of all urine related diseases. Basti Marma is one of the three Maha Marmas i.e., most important vital organs of the body viz., Shiro (~brain), Hridaya (~heart) and Basti (~bladders). Vrukka (kidney) is formed from the nutritious part of Kapha, Meda and Rakta, gives the inputs to the practitioner to consider the metabolism of these factors in diagnosis and treatment of CKD. Physiology of formation of urine is also elaborately described in Ayurveda. The reference of Sushruta which discusses about Sahastrshaha Sukshma mukhani (~ thousands of minute openings invisible to naked eye) where urine is formed resembles the description of glomerular filtration. Formation and processing by Samaana, role of Jathar Agni, Dhatvagni and Bhutagni in formation of Mutra (~urine), storage and excretion at the level of Bladder, by Apaana is defined clearly, and this description is of immense value for practitioners. Relation of Basti Marma to Kleda (~body fluids) and its pathological connection with specific diseases is also evident. Understanding of various factors viz., Kleda (~body fluids), Marma (~vital organs), Prana (~life force), Oja (~vitality), Kalaa (~Internal membranes) Jathar Agni, Dhatvagni, Bhutagni etc., and their role in pathogenesis of CKD provides Vaidyas with inputs to devise the line of treatment of patients suffering from CKD, taking into consideration the individual condition of each patient.
Comparing the Combination of Banana Consumption and Deep Breathing Exercises with Banana Consumption Alone and Deep Breathing Exercises Alone for Anxiety, and Depression among Postmenopausal Women: A Research Protocol
Authors: Sakharkar Sheetal Namdeorao , Shinde Raju Kamlakar , Ankar Ruchira Shrikant , Raut Aarti Rajendra , Mude Dinesh Vilasrao , Gujar Samruddhi Subhashrao
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Sleep disturbances are associated with increased healthcare costs and negative health outcomes. Oestrogen levels decrease after menopause, which may also be accompanied by deterioration in cognitive function along with the symptoms of depression and depressive disorders. Need for the study: The need of the study is evident in postmenopausal women, where physiological changes lead to a decline in vital hormones such as oestrogen and melatonin, contributing to anxiety, depression, and obstructive sleep apnoea. Consuming fruits rich in tryptophan which is a precursor of melatonin and serotonin can reduce sleep disorders and enhance sleep quality. Fruits containing tryptophan and melatonin can improve the sleep quality of healthy adults when consumed for seven days. Bananas are the prime example of nutritious food which enhances the mood-boosting benefits of serotonin. Deep breathing exercises are effective in reducing menopausal symptoms and help to manage stress related to life and menopause. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of a combination of banana consumption and deep breathing exercises with banana consumption alone and deep breathing exercises alone for managing sleep deprivation, anxiety, and depression among post-menopausal women. Materials and Methods: A random 3-arm parallel intervention study will be carried out at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi Meghe Wardha, and Near Mai Hospital, Gandhi Nagar Arvi Naka Wardha, Maharashtra, India. The study will be conducted from May 2023 to May 2026. A random sampling technique will be used to select the sample. A total of 135 post-menopausal women, meeting the inclusion criteria will be chosen for the study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) will be used to evaluate sleep deprivation, the self-rating anxiety and depression scale will be used to assess depression and anxiety, and serum magnesium tests along with demographic variables will be recorded. Statistical analysis will be performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), among the outcome variables between the three groups. A p-value less than 0.05 will be considered as statistically significant.
Navigating the Honey Markets Across Europe and Africa
Authors: Kumar Ashutosh , Vahoniya Dilip R. , Rajwadi Alvira
Published: April 2024

India ranks fourth globally in terms of honey export but the Indian honey was mainly exported to American and Asian continent consisting of over 85 per cent of total honey exported by India leaving huge untapped potential in Europe which is second largest importer of honey worldwide as well as Africa. Keeping this in mind an analysis of European and African honey market was done using secondary data and results were interpreted in excel sheet. It was found that European honey production was primarily led by Spain. The continent accounted for approximately 45 per cent of global honey imports, with Germany being the largest importer with imported value of 306674.7 thousand USD (2023). India shared less than 0.1 per cent of total European honey imports. It was also observed that Africa contributed to 10 per cent of the world's total honey output. The continent’s honey import was considerably lower than global imports. In terms of export, Egypt led African honey exports. India shared only 12 per cent of total honey imports to Africa. It was noted that both Europe and Africa presented huge untapped potential for Indian honey. It was suggested to improve post harvest management of honey for maintaining quality standards and government support for increasing exports to the continents.
Development of Scale to Measure Perceived Impact of Grape Beneficiary Farmers towards Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme
Authors: Preethi Battu , Sasane G.K.
Published: April 2024

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For the progress of our nation, our farmers need to be progressed. Driven by the motivation Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance scheme (RWBCIS) has been introduced in India. As agriculture is effected by disasters and consequences are beyond our control, it is very essential to take precautionary measures to mitigate from unforeseen events. Crop insurance assists in stabilization of crop production and reduces the negative impact on lives of the farmers. Grapes are susceptible to changes in weather and cause losses to the farmers. An attempt is made to develop a scale to measure perceived impact of Grape beneficiary farmers towards Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme. With the help of Likert’s Summated Rating technique perceived impact scale was constructed. The process started with selecting 39 statements after calculating Relevancy percentage, Relevancy weightage and Mean Relevancy score. Later for item analysis step, 30 farmers from non-sample area were selected and the test was administered having 39 statements on five point continum.  After computing t value, 29 statements were retained. The Reliability and validity of the scale was computed for precision and accuracy. The scale developed was found reliable and valid. Hence, the scale was finalized and administered to 75 Grape beneficiary farmers of RWBCIS farmers in the sample area ie. Nashik district of Maharashtra state. The overall perceived impact of beneficiary farmers towards Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme was low. Hence it can be inferred that the farmers perceived that there is low impact of the scheme on their lives. Therefore co-ordination between the concerned authorities and regular auditing of the insurance companies is required for the scheme to run efficiently.