bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЗВІЛЬНЕННЯ ВІД КРИМІНАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ НА ПІДСТАВІ ЧАСТИНИ 6 СТАТТІ 255 КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО КОДЕКСУ УКРАЇНИ: АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ПРАВОЗАСТОСУВАННЯ
Authors: Околіт О. В.
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню актуальних теоретичних і практичних проблем, пов’язаних зі звільненням від кримінальної відповідальності на підставі ч. 6 ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України. Встановлено, що звільнення від кримінальної відповідальності учасників злочинної організації на підставі ч. 6 ст. 255 КК України можливе за таких умов: 1) він не був організатором чи керівником злочинної організації; 2) вчинив злочин, передбачений ч. 2 або 3 ст. 255 КК України (брав участь у злочинній організації, зокрема будучи службовою особою з використанням службового становища); 3) до повідомлення йому про підозру у вчиненні цього злочину добровільно повідомив про створення злочинної організації або участь у ній та активно сприяв її розкриттю. Розкрито зміст зазначених умов та зроблено висновок, що певна їх частина сформульована некоректно, а тому потребує удосконалення. Серед перспективних напрямів такого вдосконалення може стати: 1) виключення з ч. 6 ст. 255 та інших статей КК України згадки про керівника як окремого співучасника, поруч з організатором; 2) уточнення умови звільнення від кримінальної відповідальності, що стосується сприяння шляхом заміни терміну «розкриття» на «розслідування»; 3) розширенням меж добровільного повідомлення про створення злочинної організації або участь у ній. Позитивно оцінено відмову авторів проєкту КК України від спеціальних видів звільнення від кримінальної відповідальності та запровадження натомість спеціального виду звільнення від покарання – «непризначення покарання у зв’язку з позитивною поведінкою особи». Водночас ці положення проєкту потребують узгодження з іншими заохочувальними нормами, що можуть застосовуватися до учасників злочинних організацій, зокрема з кримінальним процесуальним інститутом угод.
ПІДСТАВИ НАБУТТЯ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ ТА СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ ДІЄЗДАТНОСТІ МЕДІАТОРАМИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Горбенко Н. О.
Published: August 2023

У статті проаналізовано теоретичні та нормативно-правові положення щодо дієздатності медіаторів в Україні як складової їх правосуб’єктності. З’ясовано, що досягнення загальної дієздатності є другою стадією формування правосуб’єктності медіатора за умови досягнення якої реалізуються його права та обов’язки. Медіатор може виступати в наступних правових статусах: 1) найманого працівника (спеціаліст, що діє «за наймом»), який діє на підставі договору, укладеного з: а) об’єднанням медіаторів; б) суб’єктом, що забезпечує проведення медіації; 2) особи, яка діє індивідуально як самозайнята особа, як: а) фізична особа – підприємець; б) особа, що провадить незалежну професійну діяльність. Медіатори, які діють індивідуально можуть взаємодіяти з об’єднаннями медіаторів та суб’єктами, які забезпечують проведення медіації, також на договірній основі. Дієздатність медіатора автор поділяє на на: загальну, яка наявна у медіатора на всіх стадіях процедури медіації незалежно від спору, на вирішення якого вона спрямована; спеціальну, що характерна тільки для конкретних видів спорів. Загальна дієздатність медіатора виникає з моменту його реєстрації як фізичної особи – підприємця або особи, яка здійснює незалежну професійну діяльність (передусім за кодом 74.90 КВЕД-2010), а в разі укладення з ним трудового договору – взяття на посаду медіатора (за кодом професії КП 2442.2 Національного класифікатора України ДК 003:2010). З метою приведення ПК України у відповідність до «Про медіацію» запропоновано розширення видів незалежної професійної діяльності шляхом доповнення списку їх видів і включення до нього медіаторів. Також зазначено, що не сприяє становленню інституту медіаторів відсутність єдиних підходів до набуття статусу медіатора (їх загальної дієздатності) та відсутність Загального реєстру медіаторів, адміністратором якого могло б виступати Міністерство юстиції України. Зроблено авторський висновок, що набуття спеціальної дієздатності є факультативним і обумовлене внесенням медіаторів до відповідних реєстрів медіаторів, які ведуть об’єднання медіаторів та суб’єкти, які забезпечують проведення медіації у відповідних сферах.
КОМПЛЕКСНА РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЯ ХВОРИХ ІШЕМІЧНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ СЕРЦЯ ПІСЛЯ ОПЕРАЦІЇ АОРТОКОРОНАРНОГО ШУНТУВАННЯ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ БІОЛОГІЧНО АКТИВНИХ ДОБАВОК
Authors: Ящишин Зиновій Миколайович , Горошко Вікторія Іванівна
Published: August 2023

Наявний вітчизняний та міжнародний досвід свідчить про те, що проблема оптимізації харчування, включаючи в раціон спеціальні продукти, що містять біологічно активні добавки (БАД), зі спрямованою системною дією, переконливо свідчить про успішне вирішення проблем здоров’я у пацієнтів із різними дисфункціями. Подолання наслідків оперативного втручання, попередження та лікування ранніх та пізніх післяопераційних ускладнень багато в чому визначають ефективність всього комплексу реабілітаційних заходів. Метою роботи стало вивчення можливості застосування Дигідрокверцетину в реабілітаційних програмах для хворих на ІХС після операції АКШ з метою підвищення ефективності реабілітації має велике науково-практичне значення. Методологічна основа дослідження ґрунтується на системному, історичному, термінологічному та інформаційному підходах. Результати дослідження показали високу клінічну ефективність Таксіфоліну у комплексній медичній реабілітації хворих на ІХС, які перенесли АКШ. Препарат не впливав на показники вуглеводного та ліпідного обміну, що вказує на його метаболічну нейтральність. У жодного хворого не було зареєстровано погіршення стану та почастішання нападів стенокардії та епізодів безболевої ішемії. Всі пацієнти вказували на хорошу переносимість препарату, поліпшення загального самопочуття (зменшення або зникнення задишки, зниження інтенсивності болів, підвищення активності, поліпшення сну). Реалізація оптимізованої реабілітаційної програми сприяла також покращенню психоемоційного стану хворих. Висновок. Комплексна медична реабілітація хворих на ІХС після операції АКШ за програмою з включенням Дигідрокверцетину сприяє покращенню реологічних властивостей крові, посиленню активних вазомоторних механізмів регуляції МЦ, поліпшенню показників центральної та периферичної гемодинаміки, ФЗД, оксигенації крові, підвищенню ТФН, покращенню психоемоційного стану хворих, що в кінцевому рахунку забезпечує підвищення реабілітаційного ефекту.
Організована та економічна злочинність
Authors: Ківалов Сергій Васильович , Головкін Богдан Миколайович , Туляков Вячеслав Олексійович , Мельничук Тетяна Володимирівна , Аркуша Лариса Ігорівна , Маркін В. І. , Крикливець Дмитро Євгенович
Published: August 2023

Цей підручник присвячений комплексному дослідженню зв'язку між організованою злочинністю, економічними зловживаннями та порушенням прав людини в сучасних умовах. Він заглиблюється в заплутану павутину організованої злочинності та економічної експлуатації, яка часто виникає в розпал збройного конфлікту. У ньому розглядаються різні злочинні мережі, які заробляють на безладі та відсутності ефективного управління, що породжує війна, - від торгівлі зброєю та контрабанди наркотиків до торгівлі людьми та відмивання грошей.
Checklists and good intent are not enough: immigrant-conscious best practices for cultural competency training In the public sector
Authors: Kotila Vivian
Published: August 2023

Cultural competency practice seeks to promote effective and impartial interactions within the public sector. However, as the Canadian workforce and constituency have become increasingly diverse, there remain questions as to the value, validity, and paternalism of traditional cultural competency principles. This intersectional analysis explores existing literature on the subject with a focus on discerning best practices within a multicultural and immigrant-focused Canadian context. While the value of cultural competency training is regularly acknowledged, many instructors have expressed uncertainty about how they should incorporate these topics into their teaching. To this end, I conclude this paper with a simple resource to support the effective introduction and education of these topics.

Keywords:  cultural competency, cultural humility, virtue ethics, immigration.
Unveiling The Linguistic Journey: Investigating Word Class Acquisition In 3-5 Year Old Children Through A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Auliana Auliana , Dinda Sari Dwhy , Rahman Fadhlur , Haekal Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Early childhood language development is a multifaceted and intricate process that includes the acquisitionof various linguistic components. However, occurrence of language delays or disorders among 3-5-years-old children is a significant challenge that can impede this progression. These delays or disorders can have asignificant impact on word class acquisition, which is a fundamental aspect of language development. Thisstudy aims to elucidate the diverse types of word classes observed in the language acquisition process ofchildren aged 3-5 years in North Aceh. Specifically, the investigation focuses on noun, verb, and adjectiveword classes. Employing a qualitative approach within a descriptive research framework. Thus, variousdata collection techniques including observation, listening, recording, note-taking, and documentation,were utilized in this study. Purposive sampling was employed, resulting in a sample size of 5 participants.These five participants were selected based on their age criteria, research site location, language proficiency,active engagement in interactions, as well as their availability and willingness to participate. The primarydata source encompassed children aged 3-5 years, with a particular emphasis on nouns, verbs, and adjectivesderived from conversational interactions. The results revealed three distinct types of word classes in thelanguage acquisition process of children aged 3-5 years. Firstly, the noun word class encompassed a rangeof entities, such as people, animals, fruits, flowers, food and drinks, tableware, sports equipment, clothing,plants, transportation equipment, and other nouns typically associated with the child’s environment.Secondly, the verb word class comprised verbs accompanied by objects and verbs without objects. Thirdly,the adjective word class characterized the state of nouns or objects, encompassing descriptors relatedto mental attitude, shape, size, color, mileage, temperature and humidity, power of energy, and senseimpressions. This study sheds light on the diverse nature of language learning in children aged 3-5 yearsby evaluating and analyzing these distinct word classes. Equally significant, by examining the linguisticpatterns and structures that emerged during this time period, this study contributes to our understanding of how children acquire language during the preschool years.
Investigating the Performance of Non-standard Overcurrent Relay with Integration of Photovoltaic Distributed Generation in Power Distribution System
Authors: Zellagui Mohamed , Belbachir Nasreddine , Amroune Mohammed , El-Bayeh Claude Ziad
Published: August 2023

The electricity demand is increasing daily, so the generation power should be raised to fulfil that demand. Renewable distributed generation-based photovoltaic sources are one of the best solutions to satisfy the Power Distribution System (PDS) as long as the fossil resources are on the verge of extinction. At the same time, connecting the Photovoltaic Distributed Generation (PVDG) to the PDS may cause issues with the system's technical parameters, such as a protection system based on overcurrent relays, unless they are optimally allocated. In this context, this paper will be devoted to optimally allocating multiple PVDG units in the PDS using the Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA), meanwhile studying the impact of that optimal integration on the overcurrent protection system that will be represented and based on various chosen non-standard overcurrent relays (NS-OCRs) which many researchers develop, and trying to figure out and pick up the best type that provides improvement to the protection system including the minor impact on the coordination time interval. To achieve the maximum and best of the requested results, a multi-objective function was proposed to be minimized based on the sum of total active power loss, total voltage deviation, and total operating time of the relays.
Piszę do Ciebie Zachariaszu
Authors: Pilecka Hanna
Published: August 2023

Dwudziestopięcioletni na zawsze Zachariasz Abrahamowicz (1878–1903) porównywany był przez orientalistę J. Grzegorzewskiego do średniowiecznego karaimskiego poety Dar‘iego, a przez haliczan do Szewczenki, ale dla piszącej tu i teraz jest to raczej „karaimski Baczyński”
Analisis Pemanfaatan Ruang Pada Daerah Resapan Air Di Kecamatan Poasia Kota Kendari
Authors: Sainur Sainur , Karim Jufri , Hidayat Ahmad , Hadini La Ode , Fitriani Fitriani
Published: August 2023

The increase in the population in Poasia District Has an impact on the expansion of development land. This can affect the reduction in water catchment areas. This study aims to examine the use of space in water catchment areas in Poasia District. The parameters used to determine the condition of water absorption in this study, namely soil permeability, rainfall, land use and slope then processed using the Scoring, OBIA, and Overlay methods. The results of this study include the condition of water catchment in 2017 was dominated by the critical starting category of 2.850,34 acre (66,42%) while in 2021 the water catchment condition is dominated by the natural normal category covering an area of 1.920,554 acre (44,75%). Land use in water catchment areas in Poasia District in 2017-2021 which experienced the highest increase in area was settlements covering an area of 53,61 acre (36,51%) from an area of 670,91 Ha to 617,31 Ha, while land use which occurred the highest reduction in forest area of 68,26 Ha (46,50%) from an area of 2.570,05 Ha to 2.501,79 acre. Keywords: Water Infiltration, Space Utilization, GIS, Catchment area
DIGITAL LITERACY ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CONDUCTED BY PT OLAHKARSA INOVASI INDONESIA
Authors: Safira Ira , Anggraini Choiria
Published: August 2023

Literacy is an important part of CSR implementation. If the company is literate, the company can improve the quality of its company using strategies related to CSR. PT Olahkarsa Inovasi Indonesia in seeing this phenomenon tries to carry out literacy on the concept of CSR in Indonesia with digital content. Researchers, in this case, conducted research using qualitative methods with data collection techniques through interviews and observations with the aim of knowing the public communication model and information literacy model used by PT Olahkarsa Innovation Indonesia. The limits and scope of communication and literacy in this study regarding CSR is the digital literacy that has been done by the subject. This research refers to two theories, namely Aristotle's Rhetoric and THE SCONUL theory. This study aims to determine the process carried out by PT Olahkarsa Inovasi Indonesia to direct companies in sustainable CSR implementation.
POLARISASI VAKSIN COVID-19 STUDI TENTANG BERITA HOAX DAN POPULISME DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Diego  , Lestari Yayuk
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini diantaranya untuk mengetahui fenomena polarisasi, narasi hoax lewat sosial media dan populisme terutama kaitannya dengan kepercayaan kepada pemerintah. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi terutama dari sosial media. Pengetahuan dan keyakinan awal tentang vaksin Covid-19 merupakan faktor utama dari informan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi anti vaksin yakni influencer di media sosial serta adanya ketidakpercayaan kepada pemerintah dalam menangani krisis. Adanya kesimpangsiuran informasi mengenai Covid-19 dan vaksinasi Covid-19 menjadi celah awal ketidak percayaan masyarakat. Pesan di sosial media merupakan peneguh dari keyakinan awal bahwa vaksin berbahaya dan merupakan bentuk konspirasi.
MEMBANGUN ORGANISASI MASYARAKAT SIPIL YANG SEHAT DAN AKUNTABEL
Authors: Nursahid Fajar
Published: August 2023

Tulisan ini menjelaskan pentingnya keberadaan organisasi masyarakat sipil. Harapan besar yang ditumpukan kepada masyarakat sipil untuk berperan sebagai kontrol kekuasaan negara tidak berlaku jika masyarakat sipilnya lemah, tidak memiliki legitimasi, dan tidak kredibel. Penelitian ini menemukan berbagai dimensi tata kelola yang baik dan berbagai inisiatif yang telah dilakukan oleh organisasi masyarakat sipil. Dengan membangun tata kelola organisasi yang sehat, organisasi masyarakat sipil dapat memperkuat dirinya sendiri, masyarakat dampingan, dan penerima manfaat dari keberadaannya. Hal ini sekaligus dapat meningkatkan legitimasi moral dan legitimasi sosial mereka. Aspek-aspek ini dapat menjadi pembelajaran penting bagi para pegiat masyarakat sipil di Indonesia.
POLITIK ADMNISTRASI KEBEBASAN BERORGANISASI BAGI PENGHAYAT KEPERCAYAAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP AKSES SUMBER DAYA SERTA PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Imaduddin Abdali Riza
Published: August 2023

Studi ini membahas mengenai cara negara dalam memberikan pengakuan terhadap hak berorganisasi penghayat kepercayaan yang berdampak pada pemberian akses sumber daya dan pelayanan publik lainnya. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi literatur, pemantauan media, dan dokumen kebijakan sebagai metode dalam pengumpulan data. Paradigma yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah paradigma advokasi atau partisipatoris yang memiliki agenda aksi demi perubahan kebijakan dan implementasi yang lebih adil guna memajukan perlindungan hak-hak warga negara, termasuk penghayat kepercayaan. Terdapat dua asumsi dasar dari studi ini. Pertama, penerapan sistem pengadministrasian kebebasan berorganisasi yang dilakukan oleh negara telah mengurangi esensi hak berorganisasi itu sendiri. Kedua, penerapan sistem pengadministrasian kebebasan berorganisasi ini juga membatasi penghayat kepercayaan dalam mengakses sumber daya dari negara dan pelayanan publik lainnya, khususnya pencatatan identitas kependudukan dan perkawinan. Temuan kedua adalah kewajiban registrasi bagi penghayat kepercayaan merupakan konfrontasi antara identitas komunitas dengan masyarakat yang masih stigmatik. Terkait hal ini, Indonesia belum memiliki sistem perlindungan dan pemulihan yang layak bagi kelompok rentan sehingga kebijakan registrasi justru menambah kerentanan kelompok-kelompok minoritas, termasuk penghayat kepercayaan. Temuan ketiga adalah negara menggabungkan rezim pendaftaran kelompok penghayat kepercayaan dengan pemberian akses sumber daya dan pelayanan publik, khususnya identitas kependudukan dan perkawinan. Penggabungan kedua elemen ini telah menciptakan pembatasan bagi penghayat kepercayaan. Hal ini pun berpotensi menyingkirkan penghayat kepercayaan dalam proses pembangunan.
POLITIK PEMBAGIAN KEKUASAAN JABATAN BUMN DALAM PEMERINTAHAN JOKO WIDODO-MA’RUF AMIN
Authors: Zulkarnain Muhammad Haris , Izzati Syifa
Published: August 2023

Politik selalu bersinggungan dengan kekuasaan dan kepentingan. Pembagian kekuasaan jabatan sebagai bentuk praktik transaksional yang dilakukan elit politik setelah pemilu. Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) sebagai perseroan terbatas yang dimiliki oleh negara bertugas untuk mengatur dan mengelola kekayaan negara di berbagai bidang. Bentuk pembagian kekuasaan jabatan BUMN seperti komisaris utama, komisaris independen, hingga wakil komisaris.Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis politik pembagian kekuasaan jabatan BUMN dalam pemerintahan Joko Widodo-Ma’ruf Amin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan bahan pustaka (library research) dari buku, jurnal ilmiah, peraturan perundang-undangan hingga sumber internet yang relevan dengan pembahasan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa: (1) Politik pembagian kekuasaan jabatan BUMN yang dilakukan oleh Joko Widodo-Ma’ruf Amin adalah dengan mengakomodir eks. Tim sukses, politisi, koalisi partai politik pengusung, dan berbagai latar belakang yang mendukungnya saat Pilpres 2019; dan (2) Adapun dampak dari pembagian politik pembagian kekuasaan jabatan BUMN dalam pemerintahan Joko Widodo Ma’ruf  Amin adalah terjadinya permasalahan kompleks yang sarat akan kepentingan, dimana hal ini bisa menyebabkan tindakan korupsi, kolusi, dan nepotisme. Selain itu juga bisa membuat citra dan kinerja profesionalitas BUMN dimata masyarakat menurun, karena telah memilih orang-orang yang sama sekali tidak berkompeten untuk menduduki jawaban
MEMAHAMI NASIONALISME DAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA: SEBUAH KAJIAN KRITIS
Authors: Tokan Pureklolon Thomas
Published: August 2023

Nasionalisme merupakan perasaan bangga akan sesuatu. Sedangkan hukum adalah sebuah putusan atau ketetapan yang bersifat mengikat semua yang berada di dalamnya. Sebagai manusia yang memiliki hak dalam kebebasan yang bertanggung jawab yang diatur sedemikian rupa sehingga menjamin kesejahteraan bersama, kita bebas untuk mempunyai rasa bangga akan negara, bangsa, atau kepada instansi yang kita senangi. Perasaan ini kemudian dapat memengaruhi tindakan-tindakan kita dalam mengekspresikan kebanggaan kita kepada orang atau instansi lain yang belum tentu sependapat dengan ide atau konsep dari apa pun yang kita hormati. Di sinilah hukum mendapatkan peranan penting dalam menertibkan aksi-aksi kita sehingga terdapat keharmonisan meskipun terjadi perbedaan pendapat. Posisi hukum di sini adalah sebagai rambu-rambu terhadap pengesahan identitas seseorang. Dalam artikel ini penulis ingin mengkaji bagaimana nasionlisme menjadi bagian yang sangat penting dalam penerapan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Dalam penulisan artikel ini penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan interdisipliner.
E-Planning Sebagai Kontribusi Sustainable Development Goals dalam Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah di Kota Tarempa
Authors: Saputra Yoga , Firman Firman , Fadiyah Dina
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman tentang bagaimana sistem E- planning telah digunakan dalam desain pembangunan kembali kota Kota Tarempa dan bagaimana hal ini membantu pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan pada tahun 2030. menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif metodologi. Informasi yang diperoleh diperoleh dari interaksi dengan berbagai narasumber yang berkantor di Bappeda Kota Tarempa. Menurut hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, implementasi E-Planning yang efektif di Bappeda Kota Tarempa dapat dikaitkan dengan transparansi peraturan perundang-undangan, ketersediaan infrastruktur teknis, aksesibilitas sumber daya keuangan, serta pengetahuan tentang tenaga kerja lokal. Pemanfaatan E-Planning menghasilkan beberapa keuntungan, yang paling menonjol adalah peningkatan akurasi, produktivitas, dan keterbukaan perencanaan pembangunan. Implementasi Sustainable Development Goals pada sektor e-government melalui e-planning yang komprehensif, akurat, dan efisien akan bermuara pada penurunan emisi, peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah sebagai hasil perencanaan program pembangunan jangka panjang , dan maksimalisasi manajemen risiko selama proses pembangunan, yang semuanya akan menghasilkan populasi dan komunitas yang lebih produktif. Akibatnya, transisi ke digital dapat memainkan peran penting sebagai pendorong utama perubahan di dalam pemerintahan untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi yang luas dan inklusif, pembangunan sosial, dan perlindungan lingkungan.
Myocardial injury before noncardiac surgery
Authors: Chen Zhibing , Zhang Yitao , Zeng Weijie , Ye Lin , Yu Changda , Shi Fan
Published: August 2023

Non-cardiac surgical procedures present a significant circulatory stress and can potentially trigger cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. Myocardial injury before non-cardiac surgery is associated with an increased risk of mortality and major cardiovascular complications during perioperative period, as well as up to 5 years after non-cardiac surgery. While the definition of preoperative myocardial injury is not yet clear, it is generally understood as myocardial injury resulting from various causes of troponin elevation without acute coronary syndrome prior to surgery. Detecting preoperative myocardial injury through routine troponin monitoring is crucial for reducing perioperative risk, but it is also challenging. The aim of this review is to discuss the definition of preoperative myocardial injury, its pathophysiology, implications on clinical practice and decision-making for patients with elevated troponin levels before non-cardiac surgery.
Constraining earthquake fault sources through the use of intensity data and seismic scenarios: application to the Betic Cordillera (South Spain)
Authors: De Pro-Díaz Yolanda , Perea Hector , Insua-Arévalo Juan Miguel , Martínez-Díaz José J. , Canora Carolina
Published: August 2023

Macroseismic observations can be useful to study pre-instrumental earthquakes when paleoseismological analysis are not viable for various reasons (e.g., erosion or lack of sedimentation). The analysis of the distribution of the macroseismic intensity data points and the reports about geological effects has been shown as a tool that may provide meaningful information to localize the fault source of a historical earthquake. Using this approach, we have studied two earthquakes in the Betic Cordillera (South Spain), the 1804 Dalías and the 1680 Málaga events, and we have used the 2011 Lorca earthquake as a test subject to calibrate the methodologies. During the calibration process, we also find the best performing combination of ground-motion models and ground-motion-to-intensity-conversion equations for generating seismic scenarios in this area. Even though the results for the Málaga earthquake were not conclusive, our methodology successfully identified the most likely source for the Dalías earthquake: a conjunct rupture of the Loma del Viento and Llano del Águila Faults.
Physico-mechanical properties and shielding efficiency in relation to mineralogical and geochemical compositions of Um Had granitoid, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Rashwan Mohammed A. , Lasheen El Saeed R. , Abdelwahab Wael , Azer Mokhles K. , Zakaly Hesham M. H. , Alarifi Saad S. , Ene Antoaneta , Thabet Ismail A.
Published: August 2023

The current work aims to describe the physico-mechanical characteristics and shielding efficiency with reference to the mineralogical and geochemical compositions of the Neoproterozoic Um Had composite granitoid pluton in order to deduce their favorability as dimension stones. The Um Had granitoid pluton has an elliptical outline with a mean diameter of about 10 km. This pluton is a composite (ranging from white to reddish pink color), hard, massive, and medium- to coarse-grained granitoid body. It is classified as syenogranite according to their modal and bulk chemical compositions. Geochemically, the granitoid pluton is a highly calc-alkaline, peraluminous granite, formed by low degree partial melting of tonalitic source rock in a post-collisional tectonic setting. The physico-mechanical properties of the granitoid pluton under study satisfy the requirements of dimension stone in terms of their bulk density (from 2561 to 2564 kg/m3), and to some extent water absorption capacity (from 0.38% to 0.55%). However, their compressive strength values (50.4–113.4 MPa) do not achieve the minimum requirement for interior use and light duty exterior use. This study delves into the potential of some of our syenogranite samples (I, IIA, IIS, and 10) as gamma radiation shielding materials. We have assessed the mass attenuation coefficient (GMAC), effective atomic number (Zeff), exposure build-up factor (EBF), and energy absorption build-up factor (EABF) for each of these samples. The GMAC and Zeff calculations were performed using the Phy-X online software, across a photon energy range of 0.015–15 MeV. Our findings suggest an inverse relationship between photon energy and GMAC, with the highest values observed for the (I) granite sample (∼18). This study shows the promising radiation shielding capacity of our samples. The insights derived from GMAC, Zeff, EBF, and EABF can serve as a guide for the development of effective, naturally sourced radiation shielding materials.
Classification of waste materials with a smart garbage system for sustainable development: a novel model
Authors: Kaya Volkan
Published: August 2023

In today’s conditions, where the human population is increasing, environmental pollution is also increasing around the world. One of the most important causes of environmental pollution is the waste materials in the garbage. Misuse of waste materials causes significant damage to both the environment and human health. With the developing technology, the recyclability of the raw material used in the production of waste materials significantly affects both the raw material needs of the countries and the energy savings. Therefore, many traditional activities are carried out in recycling facilities in order to reuse the waste materials that can be recycled in many countries. At the beginning of these activities is manual waste collection and pre-processing depending on the human workforce. This process poses a serious threat to both the environment and human health. For this reason, there is a need for a smart system that automatically detects and classifies the waste materials in the garbage. In this study, Xception, InceptionResNetV2, MobileNet, DenseNet121 and EfficientNetV2S deep learning methods based on artificial intelligence, which automatically classify the waste materials in the garbage, were used and in addition to these methods, Xception_CutLayer and InceptionResNetV2_CutLayer based on transfer learning techniques were proposed. The proposed methods and artificial intelligence-based deep learning methods were trained and tested with a dataset containing 6 different waste materials. According to the findings obtained as a result of training and testing, a classification success rate of 89.72% with the proposed Xception_CutLayer method and 85.77% with the InceptionResNetV2_CutLayer method, a better success rate was obtained than the other artificial intelligence-based methods discussed in the study.
Implication of the cooking oil-peroxidation product “hydroxynonenal” for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yamashima Tetsumori , Seike Takuya , Mochly-Rosen Daria , Chen Che-Hong , Kikuchi Mitsuru , Mizukoshi Eishiro
Published: August 2023

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that reduces cell injuries via detoxification of lipid-peroxidation product, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (hydroxynonenal). It is generated exogenously via deep-frying of linoleic acid-rich cooking oils and/or endogenously via oxidation of fatty acids involved in biomembranes. Although its toxicity for human health is widely accepted, the underlying mechanism long remained unknown. In 1998, Yamashima et al. have formulated the “calpain–cathepsin hypothesis” as a molecular mechanism of ischemic neuronal death. Subsequently, they found that calpain cleaves Hsp70.1 which became vulnerable after the hydroxynonenal-induced carbonylation at the key site Arg469. Since it is the pivotal aberration that induces lysosomal membrane rupture, they suggested that neuronal death in Alzheimer’s disease similarly occurs by chronic ischemia via the calpain–cathepsin cascade triggered by hydroxynonenal. For nearly three decades, amyloid β (Aβ) peptide was thought to be a root substance of Alzheimer’s disease. However, because of both the insignificant correlations between Aβ depositions and occurrence of neuronal death or dementia, and the negative results of anti-Aβ medicines tested so far in the patients with Alzheimer’s disease, the strength of the “amyloid cascade hypothesis” has been weakened. Recent works have suggested that hydroxynonenal is a mediator of programmed cell death not only in the brain, but also in the liver, pancreas, heart, etc. Increment of hydroxynonenal was considered an early event in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. This review aims at suggesting ways out of the tunnel, focusing on the implication of hydroxynonenal in this disease. Herein, the mechanism of Alzheimer neuronal death is discussed by focusing on Hsp70.1 with a dual function as chaperone protein and lysosomal stabilizer. We suggest that Aβ is not a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease, but merely a byproduct of autophagy/lysosomal failure resulting from hydroxynonenal-induced Hsp70.1 disorder. Enhancing ALDH2 activity to detoxify hydroxynonenal emerges as a promising strategy for preventing and treating Alzheimer’s disease.
Factors affecting the simple febrile seizures in COVID-19 children: a case–control study from China
Authors: Wu Haohao , Du Kang , Liang Xi , Fan Huijuan , Ba Ruiqiong , Yang Junsu , Wang Yue
Published: August 2023

Objective

The over-age phenomenon of simple febrile seizures (SFS) was found during the epidemic in COVID-19, but there was no clear explanation, especially in China. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and auxiliary examination features of SFS in children infected with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

In total, 78 patients with SFS in the Department of Pediatric and Neurology of Qujing First People's Hospital were enrolled and divided into the COVID-19-positive group (case group) and the COVID-19-negative group (control group). The clinical characteristics, auxiliary examinations, and risk factors were analyzed.

Results

There were significant differences in age stratification between the two groups. The proportion of children aged over 5 years old in the case group (47.4%) was higher than that of the control group (5%) (p < 0.0001). In terms of sex distribution, the proportion of males in the case group was higher than that in the control group (71.1% vs. 50%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.0678). For blood cell analysis, the values of white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LY), and monocytes (MN) in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.01). Serum electrolyte analysis showed the greatest difference in blood sodium. The proportion of hyponatremia in the case group was higher than that in the control group (36.8% vs. 17.5%), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.0745). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the history of FS was a independent protective factors for SFS in children with COVID-19 (OR = 0.115, p = 0.009), and age was an independent risk factor for SFS in children with COVID-19 (OR = 1.042, p = 0.001).

Conclusion

Age distribution, sex a previous history of FS and hyponatremia were different between children with and without COVID-19 in SFS. The history of FS was an independent protective factors for SFS in children with COVID-19.
Cognitive outcomes in patients treated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Lo Re Vincenzina , Russelli Giovanna , Lo Gerfo Emanuele , Alduino Rossella , Bulati Matteo , Iannolo Gioacchin , Terzo Danilo , Martucci Gennaro , Anzani Stefano , Panarello Giovanna , Sparacia Gianvincenzo , Parla Giuseppe , Avorio Federica , Raffa Giuseppe , Pilato Michele , Speciale Aurelio , Agnese Valentina , Mamone Giuseppe , Tuzzolino Fabio , Vizzini Giovan Battista , Conaldi Pier Giulio , Ambrosio Fabrisia
Published: August 2023

Objective

Mechanisms of neurocognitive injury as post-operative sequelae of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are not understood. The systemic inflammatory response to surgical stress causes skeletal muscle impairment, and this is also worsened by immobility. Since evidence supports a link between muscle vitality and neuroprotection, there is a need to understand the mechanisms by which promotion of muscle activity counteracts the deleterious effects of surgery on long-term cognition.

Methods

We performed a clinical trial to test the hypothesis that adding neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to standard rehabilitation care in post-CABG patients promotes the maintenance of skeletal muscle strength and the expression of circulating neuroprotective myokines.

Results

We did not find higher serum levels of neuroprotective myokines, except for interleukin-6, nor better long-term cognitive performance in our intervention group. However, a greater increase in functional connectivity at brain magnetic resonance was seen between seed regions within the default mode, frontoparietal, salience, and sensorimotor networks in the NMES group. Regardless of the treatment protocol, patients with a Klotho increase 3 months after hospital discharge compared to baseline Klotho values showed better scores in delayed memory tests.

Significance

We confirm the potential neuroprotective effect of Klotho in a clinical setting and for the first time post-CABG.
Quantitative assessment of collateral time on perfusion computed tomography in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Xu Yao , Yang Jianhong , Gao Xiang , Sun Jie , Shang Qing , Han Qing , Wu Yuefei , Li Jichuan , Xu Tianqi , Huang Yi , Pan Yuning , Parson Mark W. , Lin Longting
Published: August 2023

Background and aim

Good collateral circulation is recognized to maintain perfusion and contribute to favorable clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. This study aimed to derive and validate an optimal collateral time measurement on perfusion computed tomography imaging for patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods

This study included 106 acute ischemic stroke patients with complete large vessel occlusions. In deriving cohort of 23 patients, the parasagittal region of the ischemic hemisphere was divided into six pial arterial zones according to pial branches of the middle cerebral artery. Within the 85 arterial zones with collateral vessels, the receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to derive the optimal collateral time threshold for fast collateral flow on perfusion computed tomography. The reference for fast collateral flow was the peak contrast delay on the collateral vessels within each ischemic arterial zone compared to its contralateral normal arterial zone on dynamic computed tomography angiography. The optimal perfusion collateral time threshold was then tested in predicting poor clinical outcomes (modified Rankin score of 5–6) and final infarct volume in the validation cohort of 83 patients.

Results

For the derivation cohort of 85 arterial zones, the optimal collateral time threshold for fast collateral flow on perfusion computed tomography was a delay time of 4.04 s [area under the curve = 0.78 (0.67, 0.89), sensitivity = 73%, and specificity = 77%]. Therefore, the delay time of 4 s was used to define the perfusion collateral time. In the validation cohort, the perfusion collateral time showed a slightly higher predicting power than dynamic computed tomography angiography collateral time in poor clinical outcomes (area under the curve = 0.72 vs. 0.67; P < 0.001). Compared to dynamic computed tomography angiography collateral time, the perfusion collateral time also had better performance in predicting final infarct volume (R-squared values = 0.55 vs. 0.23; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our results indicate that perfusion computed tomography can accurately quantify the collateral time after acute ischemic stroke.
White matter microstructural alterations in patients with neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Dong Dong , Hosomi Koichi , Mori Nobuhiko , Kamijo Yoshi-ichiro , Furotani Yohei , Yamagami Daisuke , Ohnishi Yu-ichiro , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Nakamura Takeshi , Tajima Fumihiro , Kishima Haruhiko , Saitoh Youichi
Published: August 2023

Background

Through contrastive analysis, we aimed to identify the white matter brain regions that show microstructural changes in patients with neuropathic pain (NP) after spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods

We categorized patients with SCI into NP (n = 30) and non-NP (n = 15) groups. We extracted diffusion tensor maps of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean (MD), axial (AD), and radial (RD) diffusivity. A randomization-based method in tract-based spatial statistics was used to perform voxel-wise group comparisons among the FA, MD, AD, and RD for nonparametric permutation tests.

Results

Atlas-based analysis located significantly different regions (p < 0.05) in the appointed brain atlas. Compared to the non-NP group, the NP group showed higher FA in the posterior body and splenium of the corpus callosum and higher AD in the corpus callosum, internal capsule, corona radiata, posterior thalamic radiation, sagittal stratum, external capsule, cingulum, fornix/stria terminalis, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus.

Conclusion

The results demonstrated that compared with the non-NP group, NP pathogenesis after SCI was potentially related to higher values in FA that are associated with microstructural changes in the posterior body and splenium of the corpus callosum, which could be regarded as central sensitization or network hyperexcitability.
The enteric nervous system deficits in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Wang Xinnian , Tang Ruijin , Wei Zhen , Zhan Yang , Lu Jianping , Li Zhiling
Published: August 2023

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are common comorbidities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and abnormalities in these issues have been found to be closely related to the severity of core behavioral deficits in autism. The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a crucial role in regulating various aspects of gut functions, including gastrointestinal motility. Dysfunctional wiring in the ENS not only results in various gastrointestinal issues, but also correlates with an increasing number of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as ASD. However, it remains unclear whether the gastrointestinal dysfunctions are a consequence of ASD or if they directly contribute to its pathogenesis. This review focuses on the deficits in the ENS associated with ASD, and highlights several high-risk genes for ASD, which are expressed widely in the gut and implicated in gastrointestinal dysfunction among both animal models and human patients with ASD. Furthermore, we provide a brief overview of environmental factors associated with gastrointestinal tract in individuals with autism. This could offer fresh perspectives on our understanding of ASD.
What could health technology assessment learn from living clinical practice guidelines?
Authors: Cheyne Saskia , Chakraborty Samantha , Lewis Samara , Campbell Sue , Turner Tari , Norris Sarah
Published: August 2023

A “living” approach to clinical practice guidelines is when the identification, appraisal and synthesis of evidence is maintained and repeated at an agreed frequency, with a clear process for when and how new evidence is to be incorporated. The value of a living approach to guidelines was emphasised during the COVID-19 pandemic when health professionals and policymakers needed to make decisions regarding patient care in the context of a nascent but rapidly evolving evidence base. In this perspective, we draw on our recent experience developing Australian and international living guidelines and reflect on the feasibility of applying living guideline methods and processes to a lifecycle approach to health technology assessment (HTA). We believe the opportunities and challenges of adopting a living approach in HTA fall into five key themes: identification, appraisal and synthesis of evidence; optimising the frequency of updates; embedding ongoing multi-stakeholder engagement; linking the emergence of new evidence to reimbursement; and system capacity to support a living approach. We acknowledge that the suitability of specific living approaches to HTA will be heavily influenced by the type of health technology, its intended use in the health system, local reimbursement pathways, and other policy settings. But we believe that the methods and processes applied successfully to guideline development to manage evidentiary uncertainty could be applied in the context of HTA and reimbursement decision-making to help manage similar sources of uncertainty.
Isolation of two triterpenoids from Phlomis purpurea, one of them with anti-oomycete activity against Phytophthora cinnamomi, and insights into its biosynthetic pathway
Authors: Fernández-Calleja L. , García-Domínguez M. , Redondo B. Isabel , Martín J. L. Gómez , Villar C. J. , Lombó F.
Published: August 2023

Phytophthora cinnamomi is an important plant pathogen responsible for dieback diseases in plant genera including Quercus, Fagus, Castanea, Eucalyptus, and Pinus, among others, all over the world. P. cinnamomi infection exerts tremendous ecological and economic losses. Several strategies have been developed to combat this pathogenic oomycete, including the search for novel anti-oomycete compounds. In this work, a Mediterranean vascular plant, Phlomis purpurea, has been screened for secondary bioactivity against this pathogen. The genus Phlomis includes a group of herbaceous plants and shrubs described as producers of many different bioactive compounds, including several triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are well-known molecules synthesized by plants and microorganisms with potent antioxidant, antitumoral, and antimicrobial activities. We have isolated by HPLC-DAD and characterized by HPLC-MS and NMR two nortriterpenoid compounds (phlomispentaol A and phlomispurtetraolone) from the root extracts of P. purpurea. One of them (phlomispentaol A) is active against the plant pathogenic oomycete P. cinnamomi (based on in vitro inhibition bioassays). Based on their chemical structure and their relationship to other plant triterpenoids, oleanolic acid is proposed to be the common precursor for these molecules. The anti-oomycete activity shown by phlomispentaol A represents a promising alternative to counteract the worldwide-scale damage caused to forest ecosystems by this pathogen.
Spatial distribution of the four invasive plants and their impact on natural communities’ dynamics across the arid and semi-arid environments in northwest Pakistan
Authors: Khan Nasrullah , Ullah Rafi , Okla Mohammad K. , Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A. , Saleh Ibrahim A. , Abu-Harirah Hashem A. , AlRamadneh Tareq Nayef , AbdElgawad Hamada
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Non-native species are globally successful invaders with negative impacts on vegetation communities’ social, economic, and ecological values. Hence, the current research was carried out to assess the spatial distribution patterns and vegetative diversity of the four non-native species in severely invaded areas of the semi-arid parts of northern Pakistan.

Methods

The research was conducted using data from 1065 plots spread across 165 sites. These sites represented habitats throughout Northern Province, such as farm countryside, highlands, and abandoned places in rural and urban areas.

Results and discussion

The communities were floristically diverse, represented by 107 plant species, and dominated mainly by annual and perennial life forms with herbaceous habits. Similarly, the floristic structure shows significant variation tested by the χ2 test (P< 0.05) for plant status, life forms, life cycle, and habitat base distribution. In addition, the diversity indices show significant variation having the highest diversity in C-III (P. hysterophorus-dominated sites) and lowest in C-IV (S. marianum-dominated sites, i.e., primarily pure communities), indicating non-native species may increase or decrease site diversity. The diversity communities were further supported by higher quantities of soil nutrients, i.e., organic percentage (2.22 ± 0.04). Altitude, soil nutrients, and texture were shown to be the environmental factors most associated with communities that non-native species had invaded.

Recommendation

It is recommended that relevant, additional soil and climatic parameters be integrated into species distribution models to improve our understanding of the ecological niches of different species and to make a collective approach for preserving and conserving native plant communities.