bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metformin Ameliorates Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction through Regulation of the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway
Authors: Jia Peiyu , Che Ji , Zhang Junfeng , Li Haibing , Zhou Quanhong , Guo Yong
Published: August 2023

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication in elderly patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism through which metformin improves postoperative cognitive function. Methods: In the in vivo experiment, 18-month-old Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12 in each group): the control, metformin, operation, and operation plus metformin groups. The animals were pretreated with metformin by gavage once daily for two weeks. The Morris water maze (MWM) was used to measure cognitive ability. In the in vitro experiment, BV2 cells were divided into five groups: the control, metformin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS plus metformin, and LPS plus metformin plus compound C groups. We stimulated microglia with LPS (500 ng/mL). Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to assess ROS (reactive oxygen species) levels, autophagy-associated protein levels and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway activity in the rat cortex and microglial cells. Results: In the MWM test, the metformin-pretreated rats spent a higher proportion of time in the target quadrant. Immunofluorescence showed that the fluorescence intensity of LC3 in the cortex was increased in rats pretreated with metformin. Western blotting indicated that metformin upregulated the expression of autophagy-related and AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway-related proteins in the cortex after surgery. By activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway in vitro, metformin reduced microglial activation and oxidative stress and promoted autophagy. Conclusions: Through the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, metformin can boost autophagy and reduce oxidative stress in cortical microglia in older rats, in turn improving postoperative cognitive function.
Development, External Validation, and Visualization of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Occurrence of Acute Kidney Injury after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Shao Jiakang , Liu Feng , Ji Shuaifei , Song Chao , Ma Yan , Shen Ming , Sun Yuntian , Zhu Siming , Guo Yilong , Liu Bing , Wu Yuanbin , Qin Handai , Lai Shengwei , Fan Yunlong
Published: August 2023

Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a major complication that results in short- and long-term mortality among patients. Here, we adopted machine learning algorithms to build prediction models with the overarching goal of identifying patients who are at a high risk of such unfavorable kidney outcomes. Methods: A total of 1686 patients (development cohort) and 422 patients (validation cohort), with 126 pre- and intra-operative variables, were recruited from the First Medical Centre and the Sixth Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing, China, respectively. Analyses were performed using six machine learning techniques, namely K-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, decision tree, random forest (RF), support vector machine, and neural network, and the APPROACH score, a previously established risk score for CSA-AKI. For model tuning, optimal hyperparameter was achieved by using GridSearch with 5-fold cross-validation from the scikit-learn library. Model performance was externally assessed via the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA). Explainable machine learning was performed using the Python SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) package and Seaborn library, which allow the calculation of marginal contributory SHAP value. Results: 637 patients (30.2%) developed CSA-AKI within seven days after surgery. In the external validation, the RF classifier exhibited the best performance among the six machine learning techniques, as shown by the ROC curve and DCA, while the traditional APPROACH risk score showed a relatively poor performance. Further analysis found no specific causative factor contributing to the development of CSA-AKI; rather, the development of CSA-AKI appeared to be a complex process resulting from a complex interplay of multiple risk factors. The SHAP summary plot illustrated the positive or negative contribution of RF-top 20 variables and extrapolated risk of developing CSA-AKI at individual levels. The Seaborn library showed the effect of each single feature on the model output of the RF prediction. Conclusions: Efficient machine learning approaches were successfully established to predict patients with a high probability of developing acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. These findings are expected to help clinicians to optimize treatment strategies and minimize postoperative complications. Clinical Trial Registration: The study protocol was registered at the ClinicalTrials Registration System (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/, #NCT04966598) on July 26, 2021.
A Systematic Review of the Design, Method of Implantation and Early Clinical Outcomes of Transcatheter Tricuspid Prostheses
Authors: Sazzad Faizus , Zhu Yinling , Leo Hwa Liang , Nah Jie Hui , Ang Hui Ying , Lee Chuen Neng , Hon Jimmy Kim Fatt
Published: August 2023

Background: Intervention for tricuspid regurgitation (TR) tends to happen concurrently with and is addressed during mitral valve surgery. Isolated TR interventions, however, are not unusual and are becoming more common. The purpose of this study was to provide a general overview of the transcatheter tricuspid valve implantation (TTVI) devices, taking into account the several design variations, and to unify the implantation technique, existing clinical results, and potential future directions for TR replacement therapy. Methods: The major databases, namely Pubmed via Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library, were systematically searched from the date of conception until 10 February 2023, in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) standards. Results: Eleven studies were isolated from a total cohort of 5842 publications. All the transcatheter tricuspid prostheses were circular in design yet categorized into annular tricuspid valve implantation (ATVI) and caval valve implantation (CAVI) groups. Bleeding (25.2%), severe access site and vascular issues requiring intervention (5.8%), device migration or embolization (3.6%), and paravalvular leak (38%) are among the early TTVI-related complications that have been observed. The CAVI group experienced 3 of 28 bleeding cases and 2 of 4 device migration cases. Conclusions: Following the intervention with a transcatheter tricuspid prosthesis, this review discovered an early favorable outcome and a general improvement in heart failure symptoms. However, there was a lot of variation in their design, implantation technique, and early clinical outcomes. Understanding the design variations, difficulty of implantation and learning from this review’s key findings could help with the future development of catheter-based tricuspid valves. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022312142.
Current Knowledge and Future Directions in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Morales Eileeng , Herrera Camila , Montaño Ledys , Martínez Karin , Meza María , Del Villar Natalia , Mendoza Xilene , Rodríguez Alexander
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Huntington's Disease (HD) is a hereditary, neurodegenerative disorder due to abnormal repeats of the CAG triplet in the IT-15 gene. It is characterized by a triad of progressive motor, psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, resulting from striatal neuronal loss. The impact of HD in Latin America is evidenced by the prevalence rates in Maracaibo (Venezuela) and Juan de Acosta (Colombia), which are the highest recorded in the world. This contrasts with the social abandonment and the scarce intervention of local governments.
Aim: Provide an approach to the most relevant aspects of HD from its pathogenesis and associated genetic polymorphisms, to the current treatment options.
Methodology: A literature review was performed of the state of the art of prognosis and treatment strategies in HD, including the identification of different polymorphic markers in the genes coding for UCHL1, HIP1, PGC1α, GRIK2, TBP, BDNF, among others, and its associations in the evolution of the disease in the presence of abnormal CAG repeats.
Conclusion: Even though in the last decades many researchers have focused on the development of curative treatment, there is no effective therapeutic target to prevent the clinical onset of the disease or to delay its progression. Instead, current pharmacological management is palliative, the evidence to generalize the surgical approaches is insufficient. Newly, the fetal neural cell transplantation into the striatum is offered as the surgical option that provides hope for the development of a true disease-modifying treatment.
Diabetes Prediction Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: V Viswanatha
Published: August 2023

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world, when detected early, it is possible to stop the progression of the disease and prevent further complications. In this work, we design a predictive model that predicts whether a patient will develop diabetes, based on certain diagnostic measures contained in the dataset, and explore different techniques to improve performance and accuracy. Logistic regression is the main algorithm used in this article and the analysis was performed using Python IDEs. The trial mainly uses two data sets one is the PIMA Indians Diabetes dataset, which is the source from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and another dataset from Vanderbilt, based on a study of rural African Americans in Virginia. The selection of functions is done using two different methods. Aggregation methods are used in addition, which improves performance by producing better predictions against a single model. Accuracy and runtime are recorded for the original datasets and for those obtained later using feature selection and aggregation techniques. A comparison is also presented in each case. The highest accuracy obtained is about 78% for dataset 1, after using the aggregation technique - Maximum Voting; and it was around 93% for dataset 2, after using combined techniques: maximum polling and stacking. Logistic regression has been proven to be one of the effective algorithms for building predictive models. This study also shows that in addition to algorithm selection, there are other factors that can be improved model accuracy and runtime, such as preprocessing data, removing redundant and null values, normalization, cross-validation, feature selection, and the use of aggregation techniques.
The Usage of Mindsponge Theory for Explaining The Young Adults’ Intentions and Rationales for COVID-19 Vaccination Participation
Authors: SARI NI PUTU WULAN PURNAMA
Published: August 2023

Global citizens have widely discussed COVID-19 and its vaccine since the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the disease as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020, and a pandemic on March 11, 2020 [1]. The pros and cons of the COVID-19 vaccine have led to pro- and anti-vaccination attitudes. Among all demographic groups, participation rates among young adults are of interest because they are an important workforce and are a source of high infection risk in the community [2]. By studying 398 young adults (student population), Khuc et al. [2] conducted a study on their intentions and rationales for COVID-19 vaccination participation in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Findings showed that 16.59% of respondents chose hesitation (n = 64) and not to be vaccinated (n = 2). The perceived importance of the vaccine, concerns about the vaccine’s side effects, and a lack of access to information are the top three reasons for their reluctance and/or refusal to get vaccinated. These findings are a valuable resource for politicians, researchers, and those interested in COVID-19 vaccinations to devise and execute campaigns to effectively combat COVID-19.
HealthCare Digitalization and its Strategic Implementation using BlockChain
Authors: Thomas Robert , Shield Herbert
Published: August 2023

HealthCare Digitalization and its Strategic Implementation using BlockChain
Invalidation and Proof of the Mass Gap and Viability of The Standard Model on a Discrete Spacetime
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: August 2023

The Yang Mills Mass gap is often considered as phenomenologically solved, after all QCD does not halt, but mathematically, it remains an open problem, that must be theoretically proven, in order to axiomatically reconstruct Yang Mills, and prove its suitability. The mathematical problem has been elevated to one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems defined by the Clay Mathematics Institute, which has offered a prize of USD1,000,000 for its resolution. In past papers, we argued its resolution in a multi-fold universe with its discrete spacetime, relying on existing proofs in Lattice QCD (Quantum Chromodynamic). It works for discrete spacetime, but was not definitive in the continuous spacetime limit. In this paper, we revisit the standard model on lattices, in particular in the context of the Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem that identifies challenges for modeling both the Weak interaction and QCD on lattices, and thus the Standard Model (SM). Instead of aiming at solving what happens in the continuous limits, we rather treat the continuous case as a larger scale approximation of SM on a discrete spacetime. The paper studies Yang Mills fields and SM viability on discrete spacetimes besides continuous spacetime, and that includes the mass gap. Indeed, in previous papers we showed that General Relativity (GR) prescribes a discrete spacetime. Therefore, the mass gap and the Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem challenges must be addressed for SM in GR-based universes, which, a priori, includes our real universe.Doing so, the paper derives properties like asymptotic freedom, confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in non-abelian 4D Yang Mills theories. It also provides a new understanding of the link between confinement, and the chiral symmetry breaking, which typically occur around when confinement occurs, and explains the differences for abelian fields. These results are valid for discrete and continuous spacetime.In addition, the paper invalidates the mass gap conjecture and its Millennium prize formulation for 4D continuous spacetime by explaining that it can’t guarantee a mass gap. With reformulation, the mass gap Millennium Prize Problem is generally correct only in a 4D discrete spacetime, or in a multi-fold universe.SMG denotes the SM with gravity effects are not negligible at its scales. The present work gives new arguments for SMG: Yang Mills, QCD, and SM. The results also reinforce arguments for a (fundamental) particle desert above the electroweak scale, where the Ultimate Unification (UU) is encountered, and GUTs do not exist. The mass gap is generically proven for 2D random walk multi-fold universes, which characterize all of Physics.
MANAJEMEN STRATEGIS
Authors: Alaslan Amtai
Published: August 2023

KATA PENGANTARSegala Puji dan syukur atas kehadirat Allah SWT dalamsegala kesempatan. Sholawat beriring salam dan doa kitasampaikan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW. Alhamdulillah atasRahmat dan Karunia-Nya penulis telah menyelesaikan BukuManajemen Strategis ini.Buku Ini Membahas Pengantar manajemen strategis, Visi,Misi, Tujuan, Sasaran dan Falsafah Perusahaan, Model DeskriptifManajemen Strategi, Pengambil Keputusan Strategis : ManajerStrategis Dan Corak Manajemen Strategis, Analisis Strategik :Pengkajian Lingkungan, Perumusan Strategi, Strategi PertumbuhanDan Pengembangan Pasar, Strategi Kooperatif, Strategy Analysisand Choices, Implementing Strategies: Management Issues, AuditStrategic, Implementasi Strategik, Evaluasi Dan Pengawasan.Proses penulisan buku ini berhasil diselesaikan ataskerjasama tim penulis. Demi kualitas yang lebih baik dan kepuasanpara pembaca, saran dan masukan yang membangun dari pembacasangat kami harapkan.Penulis ucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yangtelah mendukung dalam penyelesaian buku ini. Terutama pihakyang telah membantu terbitnya buku ini dan telah mempercayakanmendorong, dan menginisiasi terbitnya buku ini. Semoga buku inidapat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat Indonesia.Padang, Juni 2023Penulis
Efficient Video Object Segmentation via Motion-Driven Labeling and Transflow Transformers
Authors: Ms Mujahid
Published: August 2023

Efficient Video Object Segmentation via Motion-Driven Labelingand Transflow Transformers
Addressing Gender Pay Disparity: A Closer Look at Wage Inequality for Women
Authors: Salman muhammad
Published: August 2023

This comprehensive article delves into the persistent issue of gender pay disparity, shedding light on its historical origins, root causes, consequences, and potential solutions. Despite advancements in gender equality, women continue to earn less than their male counterparts for comparable work. The exploration begins with a historical perspective, tracing discriminatory practices that have fuelled the enduring wage gap. The article delves into occupational segregation, societal norms, and systemic biases that perpetuate unequal pay. It analyses wage gap statistics across industries and regions, highlighting the intersectionality of the issue. The impact of stereotypes, the motherhood penalty, negotiation disparities, and corporate practices are thoroughly examined, emphasizing the need for collective action and advocacy. Legal frameworks and policy initiatives are evaluated for their effectiveness in addressing the disparity. In conclusion, the article underscores the urgency of fostering environments that ensure equitable compensation and opportunities for all, irrespective of gender, to pave the way for a more just and prosperous society.
Tax Reforms to Promote Circular Economy in the USA: Assessing potential tax reforms that could boost circular economy adoption in the United States, fostering sustainable practices across industries
Authors: Kilanko Victor
Published: August 2023

Tax Reforms to Promote Circular Economy in the USA: Assessingpotential tax reforms that could boost circular economy adoption inthe United States, fostering sustainable practices across industries
Unveiling Deadweight Loss in Gift Exchange: Balancing Sentiment and Efficiency
Authors: Salman muhammad
Published: August 2023

Gift-giving serves as a deeply rooted cultural practice that bridges the domains of sentiment and economics, establishing connections among individuals and communities worldwide. This study delves into the intricate dynamics underlying the process of gift exchange, revealing its capacity to extend beyond mere material worth and cultivate profound emotional ties. By exploring anthropological, historical, and economic viewpoints, we bring to light the concept of deadweight loss – the discrepancy between the value of exchanged gifts and the resources invested in obtaining them. Striking a balance between emotional resonance and efficiency emerges as a crucial consideration, with personalized gift-giving, insights from behavioural economics, and innovative technological approaches emerging as strategies to navigate this intricate interplay. Through the harmonization of emotional depth and practical approaches, individuals can not only establish genuine connections but also mitigate economic inefficiencies, ultimately reaffirming the enduring importance of gift-giving as an ageless expression of human relationships.
Evidence for Dissociation Between Implicit and Explicit Agency in a Libet Clock Task
Authors: Saad Laura , Hemmer Pernille , Musolino Julien
Published: August 2023

One interesting theoretical and practical question involves the relationship between implicit and explicit measures of the sense of agency. Previous studies have reported mixed results regarding this relationship. This study aims to investigate this relationship in an experiment incorporating novel auditory outcomes. Both implicit (temporal binding) and explicit agency were measured. Results display a replication of the directionality characteristic of the temporal binding effect across all conditions. Explicit agency reports also matched what was theoretically predicted in the literature. Interestingly, action binding was the only implicit measure of agency to be significantly related to explicit agency reports however, the relationship was in the opposite of the theoretically predicted direction. These results provide additional support for a dissociation between temporal binding and explicit measures of agency. Implications for temporal binding and suggestions for future work are discussed.
Poëzie: ook op 'posters en dingetjes'? De breedheid van het poëziebegrip onder Nederlandse leerlingen uit 4 en 5 vwo
Authors: Dera Jeroen
Published: August 2023

Neerlandici en vakdidactici hebben steeds meer oog voor de verschillende contexten en vormen waarin poëzie zich kan manifesteren. Maar in gangbare lesmethodes ligt de nadruk nog steeds op traditionele poëzie op papier. In dit artikel worden leerlingen uit 4 en 5 vwo geïnterviewd om te achterhalen hoe zij denken over dichters, dichterschap en poëzie.
Verification Theatre at Borders and in Pockets
Authors: Veale Michael
Published: August 2023

To appear in: Colleen M. Flood, Y.Y. Brandon Chen, Raywat Deonandan, Sam Halabi, and Sophie Thériault (eds.) Pandemics, Public Health, and the Regulation of Borders: Lessons from COVID-19 (Routledge, forthcoming).This version: August 2023.AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic saw the creation of a wide array of digital infrastructures, underpinning both digital and paper systems, for proving attributes such as vaccination, test results or recovery. These systems were hotly debated. Yet this debate often failed to connect their social, technical and legal aspects, focussing on one area to the exclusion of the others. In this paper, I seek to bring them together. I argue that fraud-free “vaccination certificate” systems were a technical and social pipe-dream, but one that was primarily advantageous to organisations wishing to establish and own infrastructure for future ambitions as verification platforms. Furthermore, attempts to include features to ostensibly reduce fraud had, and risks further, broader knock-on effects on local digital infrastructures around the world, particularly in countries with low IT capacities easily captured by large firms and de facto excluded from and by global standardisation processes. The paper further reflects on the role of privacy in these debates, and how privacy, and more specifically confidentiality, was misconstrued as a main design aim of these systems, when the main social problems could manifest even in a system built with state of the art privacy-enhancing technologies. The COVID-19 pandemic should sharpen our senses towards the importance of infrastructures, and more broadly, how to use technologies in societies in crises.
Quantifying long-term recall error in retrospective surveys using administrative data linkage: Cohabitation histories in Denmark
Authors: Fallesen Peter , Loft Lisbeth Trille Gylling , Simonsen Emil A.L. , Cremers Jolien , Mortensen Laust Hvas
Published: August 2023

Recall questions provides the possibility of obtaining longitudinal information in cross-sectional surveys. Yet, recall instruments may suffer from measurement issues. In this study, we link a recent cross-sectional survey to administrative records for Denmark and asses the recall error in cohabitation status histories. Under mild assumptions, we demonstrate that quality of recall for living with a partner decrease in a linear fashion by 0.6 percentage point per year on average over a 20-year period. In addition, findings suggest recall error to be of lesser magnitude for spells when not living with a partner. Results are robust to a series of sensitivity tests. We argue that the presented estimate for recall error for cohabitation status provides a lower bound for general recall error and show by example how regression calibration methods can be used to correct for recall error even if only a small random subset of data includes true values.
Based on expert opinion, what are the potential barriers to the PPG sensor booth that make it a nonviable solution in the United States?
Authors: Hemadri Hrishikesh Sai
Published: August 2023

Rural areas lack sufficient access to healthcare. Previous studies have shown that this issue, known as the rural healthcare gap, is a result of the following factors: physician shortages in rural areas, traditional healthcare facilities being far away from rural communities, and a lack of patient affordability of health screenings. This qualitative survey study aimed to explore the barriers to a solution to the rural healthcare gap combining two existing technologies: PPG sensors and telehealth booths. Twelve professionals from rural health, telehealth, and PPG sensor backgrounds were recruited to answer a questionnaire inquiring about the different social, economic, and political barriers that potentially exist to this solution. Analysis identified 8 major barriers: 1) Fear of Confidentiality Breach, 2) Wariness of technology, 3) Implementation cost, 4) Maintenance Cost, 5) Funding, 6) Insurance Access, 7) Partisanship, and 8) Pressure from Healthcare Organizations. Rural health, telehealth, and PPG sensor professionals were more likely to state the wariness of technology, implementation cost, maintenance cost, funding, and healthcare organization pressure as the major barriers to the implementation of the PPG sensor booth. Understanding these barriers will not only inform future direction to mitigate hurdles to the PPG Sensor booth, but also other novel technologies that are applied in the rural setting as well.
Strategy for the development of solar and wind energy in the states of modern Asia
Authors: Ermakov Dmitrij Nikolaevich
Published: August 2023

The chapter shows that solar battery and storage battery systems are capable of providing up to 70% of the needs of the population of a country located in the «southern» region of the world in electric energy. In conditions of strong sun and favorable wind rose, small-area solar panels and wind generators located in private homes are ways to solve global government tasks of saturating the country with energy. The monograph examines individual countries of Western Asia (Middle East) and the Arab Republic of Egypt.
In some Asian states, within the framework of the «road maps», large-scale financing of programs is carried out, including on the terms of public-private partnership, aimed at the development of solar and wind energy. The Russian Federation undoubtedly has the necessary technological resources to help the countries of modern Asia in the development of solar and wind energy. The Russian Federation undoubtedly has the necessary technological resources to help the countries of modern Asia in the development of solar and wind energy.
In the countries of modern Asia, the number of sunny days per year is many times higher than the climatic conditions of Europe. This circumstance creates favorable opportunities for the deployment of both small and global solar power plants, the installation of wind generators. The richest source of clean energy in the Arab world with its vast deserts is the sun.
Analiz i upravlenie zadolzhennost'iu kontragentov: prakticheskii aspekt
Authors: Soldatova Liubov Ivanovna , Fadeeva Galina Vladimirovna
Published: August 2023

Organizations constantly conduct settlements with suppliers and buyers. With suppliers for fixed assets, raw materials and other inventory items purchased from them, work performed and services rendered; with buyers for work performed, services rendered. The debt on these calculations in the process of financial and economic activity must be within the permissible values.
Market relations increase the responsibility and independence of organizations in the development and adoption of management decisions to ensure the effectiveness of settlements with debtors and creditors. Rational organization of control over the state of settlements, contributes to strengthening contractual and settlement discipline, fulfilling obligations for the supply of products in a given assortment and quality, increasing responsibility for compliance with payment discipline, reducing receivables and payables, accelerating the turnover of working capital and, consequently, improving the financial condition of organizations.
Ispol'zovanie tekhnologii iskusstvennogo intellekta v oblasti pravosudiia
Authors: Kazakova Tat'iana Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2023

The study analyzes the prospects for the development of artificial intelligence and its impact on law enforcement in general. Special attention is paid to the use of artificial intelligence in court proceedings. The analysis of the problems of using artificial intelligence (AI) in the administration of justice in the Russian Federation and foreign countries is carried out. The current problems of legal proceedings caused by the introduction of digital technologies in judicial practice are considered.
Disponibilités et utilisations de l’échographie clinique dans les structures d’urgences : une étude nationale descriptive, transversale et multicentrique
Authors: Bidault A. , Markarian T. , Pes P. , Bobbia X.
Published: August 2023

Introduction : L’échographie clinique en médecine d’urgence se développe. Sa pertinence est reconnue, et ses champs d’application se multiplient. Deux conditions sont nécessaires pour permettre son déploiement : l’équipement en échographe et la formation des médecins. L’objectif principal de cette étude était d’évaluer le nombre de services d’urgences (SU), de services mobiles d’urgence et de réanimation (Smur) et de véhicules légers de secours médicalisés pompiers équipés d’au moins un échographe.

Méthode : Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, descriptive, multicentrique, sous forme de questionnaires standardisés, envoyés à un échantillon tiré au sort, de SU et Smur publics et privés de France métropolitaine et outre-mer, ainsi qu’à tous les services de santé et de secours médical pompiers (SSSM).

Résultats : Deux cent dix-sept centres ont répondu au questionnaire. Parmi les 66 (89 %) SU répondeurs, 58 (88 %, IC 95 % [77 ; 94]) possédaient au moins un appareil d’échographie. Quarante Smur (69 %, IC 95 % [55 ; 80]) avaient à leur disposition au moins un appareil d’échographie. Enfin, parmi les 42 SSSM inclus, au moins un appareil d’échographie était disponible dans 12 centres (29 %, IC 95 % [16 ; 45]).

Conclusion : Le nombre de centres équipés semble avoir augmenté, mais reste insuffisant en préhospitalier. La majorité des SSSM ne possèdent pas de ligne de garde médicale et seulement 28 % possèdent un échographe. L’étude des facteurs influençant le déploiement de l’échographie clinique en médecine d’urgence est essentielle afin de proposer une égalité de soins sur le territoire.
PERBANDINGAN BERBAGAI MODEL MACHINE LEARNING UNTUK MENDETEKSI DIABETES
Authors: Ridwan Ahmad Maulid , Setyawan Gilang Dwi
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus, often known as diabetes, is a significant metabolic illness that has a negative impact on living organisms. It causes high blood sugar levels by either creating inadequate insulin or using it inefficiently. Diabetes that is not effectively treated raises the risk of heart attacks, retinopathy, vision loss, skin disorders, and other ailments. Early detection is critical for guiding essential actions. In this setting, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a potent tool. We used Python data manipulation tools to develop ML techniques for discovering patterns and risk factors in the Pima Indian diabetes dataset in our study. We correctly identified patients as diabetes or non-diabetic using K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), AdaBoost, Logistic Regression (LR), Light Gradient Boosting, Random Forest (RF),  dan Support Vector Machine (SVM). Notably, we used the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to solve class imbalance, which enhanced model performance. By efficiently utilizing ML and SMOTE in diabetes categorization, our work greatly adds to the scientific area. We suggest studying cutting-edge technology and undertaking external validation and clinical studies to assure trustworthy and generalized models for diabetic patient care in the future. With diabetes's increasing prevalence, such improvements have enormous promise for improving early identification and management, eventually leading to better health outcomes.
Estado Atual do Câncer Ginecológico no Brasil
Authors: Cunha Mercês Pontes
Published: August 2023

Um estado epidemiológico é apresentado sobre o Estado Atual do Câncer Ginecológico no Brasil. Os dados coletados nos Registros de Câncer de Recife e São Paulo demonstram a elevada freqüência de morbidade e mortalidade por Câncer Cérvico-Uterino. Para desenvolver a atividade de Controle do Câncer, a Divisão Nacional de Câncer sentiu a necessidade de criar uma estrutura para o Programa de Prevenção e qualificar pessoal médico e não médico. Em face às necessidades identificadas, o Serviço de Programação e Orientação Técnica da Divisão Nacional de Câncer instituiu cursos de várias naturezas. Posteriormente, os Programas de Prevenção foram implantados no Brasil, sendo a atividade de controle de câncer cérvico-uterino desenvolvida com as demais de Saúde Pública. Recentemente, o Programa de Pernambuco foi avaliado, e os resultados observados demonstraram a exeqüibilidade do mesmo.
Programa Oral para Pacientes Portadores de Câncer da Cabeça e Pescoço que devam ser submetidos à Actinoterapia
Authors: Fonseca Edmundo Pinto da , Rezende José Roberto V. de , Kamensek Walquiría Drago
Published: August 2023

Os autores lembram os tipos de tratamento do câncer e após citarem dado estatístico da incidência do câncer bucal, recomendam o início imediato do tratamento. Salientam as vantagens do tratamento actnio, as doses aconselhadas e os problemas que tal tratamento pode acarretar nos tecidos irradiados. Consideram que, em se tratando de câncer localizado na região de cabeça e pescoço, o paciente deve ser cuidado por uma equipe, da qual o Cirurgião-Dentista deve fazer parte. Propõem um programa oral para pacientes que devam receber emanoterapia, no qual se procura prevenir ou diminuir as conseqüèncias das radiações resultantes de mudanças que ocorrem nos tecidos. Finalizando, destacam cuidados que esses pacientes devem tomar, orientados pelo Cirurgião-Dentista.
Tipos Histológicos de Carcinoma Gástrico em Botucatu, SP, Brasil e em La Plata, Bs. As, Argentina
Authors: Defaveri Julio , Shaletich Catarina , Montanegro Mário R.
Published: August 2023

Os autores analisaram casos de carcinoma gástrico provenientes de peças cirúrgicas e autópsias de duas localidades consideradas de médio risco para o câncer gástrico: Botucatu, SP., Brasil e La Plata, Bs. As., Argentina. Foram incluídos 124 casos de Botucatu e 413 de La Plata. Os casos foram tabulados segundo sexo, idade e tipo histológico. Utilizou-se a classificação histológica proposta por KUBO, que considera 3 tipos principais de carcinoma gástrico: adenocarcinoma, carcinoma mucóide e carcinoma difuso. Em ambas as casuísticas, o tipo histológico predominante foi o adenocarcinoma, seguido pelo carcinoma difuso e, em menor freqüência, o mucóide. A faixa etária de maior frequência foi entre 50 e 60 anos. O adenocarcinoma predominou acima dos 50 anos e o difuso abaixo desta idade, sendo esta diferença significante apenas para Botucatu. A maior freqüência do carcinoma gástrico ocorreu no sexo masculino, na proporção de 3/1 para Botucatu e 4/1 para La Plata.
Controle da Infecção Hospitalar no Instituto Nacional de Câncer - M. Saúde
Authors: Aguiar Nildo , Bermudez Luiz Eduardo M. , Vidal Eraldo , Panza Mario , Costa Beatriz Gerbassi , Silveira Telma Ruth P. , Nascimento Márcio Cezar Botelho do
Published: August 2023

No presente trabalho apresentam-se conceitos, rotinas e metodologia de vigilância epidemiológica baseados na experiência de alguns hospitais brasileiros institucionais em cotejo com a literatura internacional. Destaca-se ó controle de antibióticos com medidas importantes na prevenção e tratamento da infecção hospitalar. Ressalta-se a importância do laboratório de bacteriologia, que deve estar envolvido sistematicamente com a comissão de controle de infecção hospitalar. Recomenda-se o uso adequado de germicidas, e enfatiza-se a limpeza ambiental hospitalar. No INCa, num estudo de três meses, 881 pacientes, 74 com infecção hospitalar, mostra-se índice pouco elevado em relação aos hospitais gerais: a fonte de infecção hospitalar e o germe responsável por tal infecção são os mesmos encontrados na literatura mundial e os meios terapêuticos empregados nesses pacientes têm relação direta com a incidência de infecção. A importância deste estudo, menos pelas suas características ou originalidade, assume destaque tendo em vista tratar-se de pesquisa e registro sistemático do problema do controle das infecções hospitalares em uma instituição que se dedica ao tratamento do câncer, de forma multidisciplinar, com características normativas e de ensino especializado, com imensa potencialidade na sua contribuição ao problema no Brasil.
Interpretasi Tanda Dalam Penokohan Cerpen “Syamsyūn Al- Jabbār” Karya Kāmil Kīlani (Kajian Semiotika Charles Sander Pierce)
Authors: Masitoh Anasmilah , Islam Syaiful
Published: August 2023

This study discusses the types of signs and their interpretation characterizations in the short story Syamsyūn Al-Jabbār by Kāmil Kilanī. The purpose of study is to interpret of signs in the characterization of the short story Syamsyūn Al-Jabbār. The theory used in this research is pierce semiotics which is know as triangle sign theory, that is representament, object, and interpretant. Pierce also divides the types of signs based on his object into three, that is icons, indexs, and symbols. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method that examines the contents of the document. Based on the result of research on the Syamsyūn Al-Jabbār short stories, it was found first, there are three types of signs icon, indexs, and symbols used to find out the characters contained in the Syamsyūn Al-Jabbār stories. The Characters included six  figures including Syamsyūn Al-Jabbār, Jamilah, Sultan, Dalilah, Pandai besi, and Menteri. Second, the interpretation of sign. Overall in the short story there are three aspects related to life, including aspect of strength, power, and beauty.
Factores que inciden en el rendimiento académico en los primeros años de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Verdugo Guamán María Eugenia , Cabrera Ortíz Freddy , Cabrera Tenecela Homero Patricio , Escudero Durán María Lorena
Published: August 2023

Con el fin de identificar factores inherentes a la práctica docente y al desenvolvimiento de estudiantes universitarios que influyen en el rendimiento académico, así como reconocer expectativas sobre los bachilleres que acceden a la universidad, se aplicó un estudio mixto secuencial. Se trabajó con los resultados del rendimiento del primer ciclo académico en una muestra de 1314 estudiantes de la Universidad de Cuenca y se realizaron entrevistas o grupos focales a 24 estudiantes, 25 docentes de bachillerato, 33 profesores universitarios y 5 expertos. Se utilizó una matriz de rendimiento clasificada según los tipos de establecimiento, edad y género de los estudiantes. El análisis cualitativo se llevó a cabo a partir de cuestionarios validados por expertos y adaptados a los actores educativos. Los resultados permitieron identificar que existe un mejor rendimiento de los estudiantes provenientes de instituciones educativas privadas. El género femenino presenta mejor rendimiento que el masculino, pero no se encontraron diferencias según la edad. Entre los factores relacionados con la labor docente, destaca el perfil pedagógico y didáctico como una condición para obtener un mejor rendimiento. Finalmente, la universidad tiene la expectativa de que los estudiantes nuevos cuenten con pensamiento crítico, lectura comprensiva, habilidad lógico-matemática y capacidad de investigación.
Las habilidades socioemocionales en los instrumentos orientativos de gestión para el liderazgo directivo en Chile
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Carrasco Sáez Andrea Elizabeth , Barraza Rubio Diego , Díaz Rojas María Eliana
Published: August 2023

En este marco, el presente artículo busca reflexionar sobre cómo se presentan las habilidades socioemocionales en los instrumentos orientativos de la gestión del liderazgo directivo, específicamente en los establecimientos públicos de Chile. Para esto se trabajó a partir de un análisis documental de una muestra de veintidós documentos públicos, los cuales representan diversos niveles del sistema educativo público chileno: macro, meso y microestructural. Entre los principales resultados se destaca una disminución de la presencia de las habilidades socioemocionales en el ejercicio práctico del liderazgo directivo (microestructural), lo cual establece el desafío concreto de fortalecer la coherencia entre los instrumentos de los diferentes niveles y la necesidad de la puesta en valor de estas habilidades en el marco de la política educativa chilena.
Rúbricas como instrumento de evaluación del aprendizaje en las ciencias administrativas
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, González Mejía Alejandro , González Mora Laura Elena
Published: August 2023

La evaluación es un proceso complejo, exige el desarrollo de habilidades por parte del facilitador para diseñar, implementar, interpretar y emitir juicios de valor; para que ésta impacte de forma favorable en el aprendizaje debe ser una actividad intencionada, contextual, en diversos momentos y multidimensional. Su principal función es la de facilitar los procesos de aprendizaje a partir de la realimentación, lo que hace posible desarrollar procesos más evolucionados cuando en la planificación de la evaluación participan los aprendices . La construcción de instrumentos para evaluar con criterios claros y alineados a los productos contempla las necesidades del aprendiz respecto a la revisión, realimentación y reconocimiento en su proceso de aprendizaje; estos instrumentos pueden ser utilizados tanto por los aprendices para la auto y coevaluación así como por los facilitadores en la heteroevaluación, los cuales son necesarios para reorientar los objetivos de aprendizaje en los procesos metacognitivos, para la motivación del aprendiz y las acciones de mejora en términos generales.
Resumen
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Ortiz Palafox Karla Haydee
Published: August 2023

a. En este número Es grato poder identificar estos nuevos alcances investigativos, así como identificar los nuevos perfiles con análisis cada vez más holísticos, llevando a la reflexión y al análisis de índole científico, de cara a los nuevos desafíos académicos donde la investigación modela la mente del ser humano y le permite aprender conocimientos nuevos cada vez. El entorno o el mundo que nos rodea nos modifica.
Risk Factors for Stunting Among Children Under Five Years of Age in The Kokoda Tribe, Sorong City
Authors: Radeny Ramdany  , Norma
Published: August 2023

Stunting is a chronic nutritional deficiency resulting in short stature and cognitive impairment. Sorong City has the highest incidence of very short and short toddlers in West Papua Province, 52.58%. This study analyzes the risk factors for stunting among children under five years of age in the Kokoda tribe, Sorong City. This study used a case-control design. The population was all parents and children aged 12-59 months registered at Integrated Health Post in 8 selected villages in Sorong City in 2021, totaling 1,890 children. There were 168 samples, 84 in the cases group and 84 in the control group, with the purposive sampling technique. Data collection used a stunting risk factors questionnaire on toddlers and measured body length, weight, and upper arm circumference. The data was processed by analyzing the Odds Ratio (OR) with the SPSS application. Results showed that children with birth lengths less than 48 centimeters had a 2.652 times greater risk of experiencing stunting compared to those more than equal to 48 centimeters. Children with birth weight less than 2,500 grams had a three times greater risk of stunting compared to those more than equal to 2,500 grams. Respondents with no clean water availability had 2.013 times more experienced stunting. Mothers not taking iron supplements during pregnancy could increase the risk of stunting three times. The risk factors for stunting among under-five children in the Kokoda tribe, Sorong City, are birth length, birth weight, the availability of clean water, and iron supplements during pregnancy.
The Disclosure of Zakat by Islamic Banks (IBs) and Development Financial Institutions (DFIs) in Malaysia
Authors: Ibrahim Norhazlina , Mahmod Sutina
Published: August 2023

As an Islamic finance institution, the transparent disclosure of zakat payment to stakeholders is one of the ways in which the organization demonstrates Islamic ethical value and accountability through business transaction. The effective, translucent, and timely reporting to the stakeholders (i.e., the public, regulators, investors, and others) is critical to the economic decision-making process as well as equitable distribution of resources to the society. Despite the various variations in zakat disclosure, less attention is given to the disclosure practices on zakat information by Islamic banks (IBs) and Development Financial Institutions (DFIs). Therefore, this study aims to examine firstly, the zakat disclosure requirements by regulations and then the zakat disclosure for all IBs and DFIs in Malaysia. This study adopted content analysis on the financial statement, annual report, annual integrated report, and annual sustainability report for the 2019 financial year. The whole population of 16 IBs and six DFIs were selected. This study found inconsistency in zakat disclosure of the different banks and other zakat-related practical issues in the descriptive analysis. The inconsistency varies from the method, rates, policy, and terminology used. Additionally, further embellishment on the non-financial information of zakat is also vital to demonstrate accountability to the general public.
Improvisation activities in online language courses
Authors: Eikel-Pohen Mona , Nock Catherine
Published: August 2023

This report describes a semester-long project in which two university language instructors applied a variety of improvisation activities in their online classes in the spring of 2021 to facilitate active engagement, foster social community, and heighten oral fluency in the synchronous online learning environment. The authors describe the exercises, as well as their approaches, observations, and recommendations, and reflect on their possible impact on the aforementioned aspects. They show that engagement and community can be promoted through improvisation activities, despite the two-dimensional online experience.
Performing El Camino (The Way) of Santiago de Compostela. An embodied performative language teaching practice
Authors: Corderi Novoa Modesto
Published: August 2023

The author reports about a concrete example of embodied performative practice in the language classroom that can be adapted to different language levels. This workshop allows students to become pilgrims on Spain's El Camino (The Way) de Santiago de Compostela, a pilgrimage route with a long history that ends in the medieval city of Santiago de Compostela, located on the Northwest region of Galicia in Spain. While participating in the workshop Performing El Camino (The Way) of Santiago de Compostela, students must collaborate and complete several tasks while using the target language in a context similar to the real world. It is hoped that this proposal is helpful for language teachers and learners in the quest for fresh approaches to using embodied performative teaching in the classroom.