bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El concepto de la confianza como valor social que sostiene el sistema sanitario público en España
Authors: Hass Nicole
Published: July 2022

El sistema sanitario público es el resultado de la interacción de factores sociales, económicos, políticos y culturales, en estrecha relación con los valores sociales. Si bien es cierto que en tiempos de recorte sanitario y de la pandemia reciente provocada por el nuevo coronavirus, COVID-19, se han puesto de manifiesto los problemas de gestión de la organización sanitaria en todo el mundo. Uno de los factores menos estudiados es la relación de confianza de la población hacia el sistema sanitario, cuando, realmente, es una dimensión fundamental para comprender el funcionamiento del mismo. Este artículo analiza el concepto de generación de confianza entre los pacientes y su entorno. En contra de las afirmaciones generalizadas que siguen priorizando las relaciones de médico-paciente, los datos de nuestra investigación evidencian que el complejo concepto de la confianza requiere un abordaje integral de todos los agentes del sector público sanitario.
The Crimean War of 1853-1856 in the light of the "memorial turn": reflecting on the book by the English historian Orlando Figes "Crimea. The Last Crusade"
Authors: Karagodin Andrey Vasil'evich
Published: July 2022

The article reviews O. Figes' monograph "Crimea, The Last Crusade", dedicated to the Crimean War of 1853-56, published in Russia in 2021. The work of the English historian is considered primarily in the light of approaches to the study of historical memory developed in modern historical science. It is noted that, despite the rich tradition of studying the Crimean War in Russian and Western historiography, the topic of the formation of historical memory of the war of 1853-1856 and the existence of the image of this war in Russia and the countries of the anti-Russian coalition for more than a century and a half has been touched upon little in the literature. Meanwhile, the ongoing discussion in the world historical science on the topic of the "memorial turn" convinces of the importance of updating the memory of such important events of the past as the Crimean War. The emphasis on "places of memory", such as the city of Russian glory of Sevastopol, as can be seen from the public agenda, is also becoming an important means of foreign and domestic policy, a way of reflecting society on its past, present and future, an instrument for solving political and state tasks broadcast through the education system, literature, art, and the press. In this sense, the topic of memorialization of the Crimean War in various countries, raised by O. Figes, undoubtedly needs further development in the Russian historiorgraphy.
The USSR and the problem of Northern Epirus at the Paris Peace Conference of 1946
Authors: Martyukova Elizaveta Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of an important problem of the territorial affiliation of Northern Epirus at the Paris Peace Conference of 1946 and the role of Soviet diplomacy in its solution. The interests of Greece, Albania, the USSR and the Western powers in this region, the military and political-diplomatic confrontation of Greece, on the one hand, Albania, on the other, as well as the influence of the factor of the Soviet state in resolving the issue of Northern Epirus are considered. The purpose of this article is to study the national-territorial claims of Greece to Northern Epirus, which were discussed at the Paris Peace Conference. Based on the review of documentary archival materials in the course of the study, the author of the article came to the conclusion that in the process of resolving the issue of the status of Northern Epirus, Greece failed. The evaluation of the results of the efforts of the USSR government to protect the territorial integrity of Albania is given. The active participation of the USSR was aimed at maintaining peace in the region. Comparing the positions of the parties, the author shows the course of the political struggle around the adoption of final decisions on the status of Northern Epirus. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of historicism and consistency, which involve the consideration of phenomena and facts in their entirety and development in accordance with the conditions of a particular historical epoch. The principle of objectivity is also used. The relevance of the research problem is explained by the need to ensure the territorial integrity of states and the normalization of ethnic relations in them. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that, based on the involvement of archival documentary materials, an attempt was made to study the question of the status of Northern Epirus in 1946 in the context of the approval of territorial changes after World War II. In the scientific literature, this problem has not been specifically posed in such a perspective until now.
"Eugene Onegin": three ways of reading and understanding ‒ from science, personality psychology, philosophy of art
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes Pushkin's poem "Eugene Onegin" and two opposite interpretations of it, by Alexander Minkin and critic Vladimir Kozarovetsky. The author partially agrees with the interpretation of the poem proposed by Minkin, objects to Kozarovetsky, but mainly interprets "Eugene Onegin" on the basis of his concept of art and the methodology proposed by him for analyzing works of art. The views on the poem of Minkin and Kozarovetsky are compared: the first believes that the poem describes the moral evolution of the personality of Alexander Sergeevich, and the second that we have a brilliant hoax started by Pushkin to shock readers. The author offers his own reading of Pushkin's poem, in which much is based on the analysis of artistic reality. He shows that the narration in "Eugene Onegin" is conducted from four persons (Pushkin himself, Onegin, Tatiana and the rest of the characters), and the narrators convey their ideas and contents to each other. Although formally Onegin says very little, Pushkin speaks for him a lot and intelligently; although Pushkin is not Onegin, but Onegin's fate threatens Pushkin as well. The narrator in the poem "Eugene Onegin" resembles Proteus: sometimes he speaks for himself, following his character and nature, then on behalf of other narrators, hiding behind their looks and speeches. The reader needs to understand this poetic masquerade: to separate the author from the heroes, to understand where the author is, and where he is the hero and narrator, where the heroes speak for themselves, and where on behalf of Pushkin? Having built such an artistic reality, forcing the reader to work, solving the author's constructions, reflecting on his life, Pushkin acted as a real innovator of art.
Comparison of the CSTO and the SCO as institutions of international relations
Authors: Belousova Irina Sergeevna
Published: July 2022

The post-Soviet countries are one of the main directions of Russian foreign policy, and the problems of national and regional security are key to the current agenda. These issues are dealt with by several international organizations in the region, while their functions overlap and there is no clear coordination between them. As a result, it becomes necessary to set priorities for Russian diplomacy in relation to these organizations. The article compares two international security organizations - the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization - in terms of their effectiveness as institutions of international relations and compliance with Russian interests. The comparison is made through the history of the formation and development of these institutions, as well as the adopted regulatory documents and ongoing projects of the CSTO and the SCO. The scientific novelty of the research is the preference of one organization over another, while the result of most such studies is a statement about the need to make efforts for their parallel and full development. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that it is expedient to give priority to the development of the CSTO. The conclusion is made on the basis of the original goals of the founders of the organization, the alignment of forces in them, the dynamics of their development, their institutional problems and the elaboration of their conceptual documents.
Evaluation of Clinical, EEG, and Lumbar Puncture Findings of Patients with Complicated Febrile Seizure
Authors: Aslan Mahmut , Kirik Serkan
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Febrile seizure (convulsion) (FC) is a type of seizure which is accompanied by fever, without a history of neurological disease and central nervous system infection. It occurs in approximately 2–5% of children aged between 6 months and 5 years. Complex FC is a type of convulsion which is often accompanied by focal seizures, occurs again within 24 h, and/or lasts longer than 15 min. About 20–25% of patients experience complex FC.
Materials and Methods: Our study included 45 patients who applied to Ayd?n State Hospital Pediatric Neurology Clinic between July 2018 and July 2020 and Mersin City Training and Research Hospital between October 2020 and October 2021 with complex febrile seizures. Demographic and laboratory findings of the patients were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: Two hundred and seven patients with FC applied to our clinic. Forty-five (21.7%) of these patients had complex FC. Forty-five patients, who were diagnosed with complex FC, were included in the study. The mean age was 16.6 months. LP was performed in 29 (64.4%) patients, EEG was performed in 40 (88.9%) patients. Pleocytosis was detected in three (6.7%) patients, Streptococcus pneumonia was detected in CSF culture in one patient. H1N1 encephalitis was also observed in one of our patients. EEG was taken in all patients within the first 7 days. EEG abnormalities were detected in 5 (11.1%) patients.
Conclusion: The presence of postictal neurologic findings was considered as the most important risk factor for CNS infections in our study. It was thought that the detection of epileptiform abnormality in the EEGs of the patients might be relat
Vertical short-channel MoS2 field-effect transistors
Authors: Tian Jin-Peng , Wang Shuo-Pei , Shi Dong-Xia , Zhang Guang-Yu ,   Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
Published: July 2022

Field effect transistors (FETs) based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have great potential applications in very large-scale integration technology, and high-performance short channel 2D semiconductor FETs are essential. Owing to the difficulty in obtaining channel lengths below 10 nm for 2D materials, there are few stable methods of fabricating short channel 2D semiconductor FETs. Here we report a method of stably fabricating vertical short-channel MoS2 FETs by using graphene as the contact material and h-BN as the spacer. The 8-nm spacer transistor exhibits good switching characteristics. The on/off ratio is greater than 107 and the off-state current is less than 100 fA/μm under different source-drain voltages, which are immune well to the direct source-to-drain tunneling effect. This method can be used to rapidly screen two-dimensional materials that are immune to short-channel effects and also are suitable for the fabrication of high-performance FETs.
Engineering a tunable bicistronic TetR autoregulation expression system in Gluconobacter oxydans
Authors: Bertucci Monica , Ariano Ky , Zumsteg Meg , Schweiger Paul
Published: July 2022

Acetic acid bacteria are well-known for their ability to incompletely oxidize their carbon sources. Many of the products of these oxidations find industrial uses. Metabolic engineering of acetic acid bacteria would improve production efficiency and yield by allowing controllable gene expression. However, the molecular tools necessary for regulating gene expression have only recently started being explored. To this end the ability of the activation-dependent Plux system and two constitutive repression Ptet systems were examined for their ability to modulate gene expression in Gluconobacter oxydans. The activation-dependent Plux system increased gene expression approximately 5-fold regardless of the strength of the constitutive promoter used to express the luxR transcriptional activator. The Ptet system was tunable and had a nearly 20-fold induction when the tetR gene was expressed from the strong constitutive promoters P0169 and P264, but only had a 4-fold induction when a weak constitutive promoter (P452) was used for tetR expression. However, the Ptet system was somewhat leaky when uninduced. To mitigate this background activity, a bicistronic TetR expression system was constructed. Based on molecular modeling, this system is predicted to have low background activity when not induced with anhydrotetracycline. The bicistronic system was inducible up to >3,000-fold and was highly tunable with almost no background expression when uninduced, making this bicistronic system potentially useful for engineering G. oxydans and possibly other acetic acid bacteria. These expression systems add to the newly growing repertoire of suitable regulatable promoter systems in acetic acid bacteria.
A Review of Mineralization of Rare Earth Elements in Iran
Authors: Aali Ali Akbar , Shirazi Aref , Shirazy Adel , Khakmardan Shayan , Nazerian Hamed
Published: July 2022

Due to the increasing progress of modern technology, the increasing use of rare earth elements, the strategic nature of these elements, and the national need for these elements, the study and exploration of these elements are of great importance. Therefore, to achieve this goal, rare earth elements in different deposits in Iran were studied. Iran's highest concentration of rare earth elements is in phosphate and iron-apatite deposits and coal ash, respectively. It can also be noted that these elements are concentrated in bauxite and copper deposits along with alterations, laterites, and placers, requiring more detailed studies. According to these studies, the distribution of these elements in different deposits was determined. Also, the high dependence of these elements on different deposits such as phosphates was determined. Therefore, due to the growing need of the country for these elements, as well as self-sufficiency in this sector and even the export of these elements, emphasis is placed on further studies in the sectors that are considered promising and become waste dams. We are going to use it to explore new resources.
Del orientalismo de segundo grado en Rubén Darío. Imaginarios sensoriales, regímenes sinestésicos y lo ‘sublime doméstico’ en Azul...
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, González Mónica
Published: July 2022

En este artículo propongo otra aproximación a la genealogía de la renovación poética de Rubén Darío en Azul…, vinculada a las materias y afectos que circulan en la obra, para lo cual analizo la incorporación en el lenguaje estético de lo que llamo orientalismo de “segundo grado” (Roberto Schwarz), ideología consumida periféricamente por las oligarquías decimonónicas chilenas. En diálogo con el orientalismo metropolitano de Edmond de Goncourt, sugiero la idea de “sublime doméstico” para distinguir la valoración emergente de una obra artística localizada entre lo artesanal y lo industrial –valoración compartida por Darío. Además, comento las operaciones literarias, basadas en imaginarios sensoriales y regímenes sinestésicos, que convierten las cosas orientales en tropos estéticos y entidades éticas con que los narradores darianos distinguen la acumulación “por lujo nada más” del juicio del verdadero artista.
Azul y azar: un golpe de datos
Authors:   Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Fiorussi André
Published: July 2022

El artículo discute algunos de los elementos principales de la primera recepción del libro Azul..., de Rubén Darío, con el objetivo de indagar los condicionantes históricos y culturales presentes en las figuras con las que se dibujaban el destino del libro y el discurso de la modernidad en textos de Eduardo de la Barra, Juan Valera y Manuel Rodríguez Mendoza. Es cierto que la emisión de juicios distintos ha enmarcado el diálogo entre esos textos en el campo de la polémica, empezando por sus diferentes comentarios exegéticos al título Azul..., emblemático golpe de datos dariano. Sin embargo, una no menos importante coincidencia de tropos y premisas entre los primeros lectores sugiere un parentesco de género entre sus textos.
Horacio Castellanos Moya, la libertad de la palabra
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Vila María del Pilar
Published: July 2022

En 2018 aparecieron dos novelas del salvadoreño Horacio Castellanos Moya: La diáspora y Moronga. La primera es una reedición del libro que marcó el inicio de su actividad literaria. Este trabajo propone analizarlas a partir de categorías que siempre están presentes en el conjunto de su obra. Literatura y política, exilio y violencia constituyen la matriz de las producciones literaria y ensayística de quien procura mostrar que el único camino en el que el hombre se siente libre es en la escritura. Este proyecto literario se entronca fuertemente con una mirada política que lo lleva a alejarse de los acontecimientos de su país y de algún tipo de compromiso revolucionario.
Las ofelias latinoamericanas: mistificaciones del suicidio en Alfonsina Storni y Antonieta Rivas Mercado
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Ternicier Constanza
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo se propone desmitificar las figuraciones de las que son objeto Antonieta Rivas Mercado (1931) y Alfonsina Storni (1938) en recepciones culturales teñidas por el mito ofélico de la suicida, dentro del contexto de un decenio marcado por este hecho (Viñas). En el primer caso, se compara Diario de Burdeos (1930-1931) con la representación que hace Carlos Saura en su película Antonieta (1982). En el segundo, se pone en diálogo una de las últimas composiciones de Storni, Mundo de siete pozos (1934), con la zamba compuesta por Ariel Ramírez y Félix Luna, “Alfonsina y el mar”.
Parálisis y transformación: la escritura de la potencia en dos cuentos de Clarice Lispector
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Pistachio Romina
Published: July 2022

El siguiente trabajo presenta una propuesta sobre el proyecto estético de la escritora Clarice Lispector. A partir del análisis de las fórmulas diegéticas y los dispositivos narrativos que operan en dos de sus cuentos, “Amor” (1964) y “La bella y la bestia” (1977), pretende exhibir cómo su obra se construye a partir de la tensión entre parálisis y movimiento elaborando a partir de ella una poética que hemos denominado la escritura de la potencia.
Rubén Darío en Chile: burguesía y producción poético-intelectual
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Guerrero Claudio
Published: July 2022

Este artículo tiene como propósito discutir la concepción sobre el trabajo de creación poética e intelectual que Rubén Darío pone en entredicho en los textos publicados durante su estancia en Valparaíso y Santiago: dos obras poéticas, Abrojos (1887) y Azul… (1888), y diversas crónicas publicadas en periódicos, especialmente uno de circulación periférica como El Heraldo de Valparaíso. Esta práctica creativa pone en tensión la figura del burgués, sujeto ascendente en las sociedades finiseculares latinoamericanas, que, en el campo de la creación artística e intelectual, se opone a la del sujeto creador. La hipótesis es la siguiente: Darío cuestiona el estatuto superficial, descomprometido y mercantil de la obra de arte que predomina en la escena cultural chilena, principalmente a través del recurso de un género menor como la crónica, anticipando un debate que se daría con aún más fuerza durante el periodo de vanguardia de los años veinte. Propone, en cambio, la idea de un arte verdadero, autónomo, cerrado en su propia sensorialidad estética, como alternativa al régimen de circulación de la obra de arte como mercancía. Pero este proceso es conflictivo al posicionarse como poeta y crítico cultural en un entre-lugar: en la incomodidad respecto a la condición burguesa de la cual necesita para subsistir y el deseo de postular un trabajo creativo que ocupe un lugar importante dentro de una sociedad en pleno proceso de modernización periférica.
A Comparative Study on Knowledge Level of Paddy Growers about Natural Farming and Conventional Farming practices
Authors: Dandolu Jyothsna , Balasubramaniam P.
Published: July 2022

The study was conducted in natural and conventional crop fields in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh spanning one block and involving 120 sample respondents, Sixty farmers practised natural farming practises and the other 60 practiced conventional farming To select 30 farmers from each hamlet, a purposive sample strategy was used. The data was collected using a well-structured interview schedule, with the primary goal of determining paddy growers' knowledge of natural and conventional farming approaches. In the Naidupeta block, paddy is a key crop. The study found that the majority (48.3 percent) of respondents had a medium level of knowledge of natural farming practices, followed by high and low levels of knowledge of conventional farming practices, and that the majority (60.0 percent) of respondents had a medium level of knowledge on natural farming practices, followed by low and high levels of knowledge on conventional farming practices. Farmers' understanding of natural and conventional paddy farming methods would aid in the development of appropriate measures to strengthen the practices.
Utilization Pattern of Different Agricultural Information Sources and Channels by Paddy Farmers in Telangana
Authors: Yalakonda Ramu , Karthikeyan C. , Balasubramaniam P. , Selvi R. Gangai
Published: July 2022

Paddy is the major crop in India. It is the second most important crop in the world in terms of cultivation. India's public agricultural information generation, testing, and transmission system are one of the world's largest and most complicated. Information sources and channels play a major role in communicating various farm information to farmers, who are the end-users of information containing various farm technologies, which motivates them to adopt newer technologies. In the Telangana state Khammam district was selected purposefully and two blocks and in each block two villages were selected based on the more cultivation area of  paddy. From each village, thirty respondents were selected proportionately and randomly, comprising a total of 120 respondents as a sample. The study revealed that progressive farmers and extension officials of the agricultural department were the most preferred agricultural information sources, whereas result demonstration and television were important channels preferred in the study area.
The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Patients Attending Defence Headquarters Medical Centre, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Abioye J. O. K. , Omojo Agi Mathias , Lanzema Olokun Alexander
Published: July 2022

Hepatitis B infection is a global public health problem and is endemic in sub Saharan Africa. This disease has different modes of transmission and the infection is usually common in developing countries, including Nigeria. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HBsAg among patients attending Defence Headquarters Medical Centre, Asokoro, Abuja. The work was a random cross-sectional study that included 260 patients during the period of May to July 2020. A rapid diagnostic test kit was used for the screening for HBsAg. Out of the 260 patients tested, 10 were positive, giving a prevalence of 3.8%. The highest prevalence based on age was found among those aged 27 to 36 years with 2.28% seropositivity. The infection was highest among the low class of socioeconomic status with 5.21%. Patients who were not knowledgeable about the disease had a higher prevalence rate of 13.60% and lastly females had a higher prevalence rate of 4.55% compared to males (3.33). The prevalence of Hepatitis B infection is quite high in the studied population, which could have some public health implications. Recommendations have, therefore, been advanced to control and possibly eradicate the disease in no distant time.
Investigation of the Pectin Degradation Ability of Hominibacterium faecale Strain SF3T Isolated from Human Feces
Authors: Borhanudin Noori , Li Fu , Faiq Mohammad Eshaq , Cheng Lei
Published: July 2022

Pectin is one of the most important dietary fibers as a prebiotic to determine the composition of human gut microbiome. The study was designed to investigate the pectin degradation ability of Hominibacterium faecale strain SF3T, its isolated from human feces and cultivated with different concentration pectin under anaerobic conditions in vitro. The growth ratio of strain SF3T formed in batch culture was examined every 10 h during the 60-h incubation time using the spectrophotometer, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas-chromatography. The pure culture of Hominibacterium faecale pectin degradation activity was present and commonly increases the growth value of strain SF3T after pectin fermentation. Regarding volatile fatty acids, acetate, propionate and butyrate levels rapidly raised after 30 h of incubation. The results suggest that pectin fermentation displays the greatest contribution for human health and confirm that pectin degradation leads to the production of acetate, butyrate and propionate.
Management of Major Insect Pests of Tomato using Multiple Resistant Tomato Hybrid Arka Rakshak
Authors: Kumar M. Senthil
Published: July 2022

An attempt was made to demonstrate multiple resistant tomato hybrid Arka Rakshak for resistance against fruit borer and fungal diseases in field. Crop damage caused by tomato borer, whitefly and thrips borer was measured on the basis of damaged fruits, leaves separately. In order to assess the per cent fruit damage, the damaged fruits on five randomly selected tagged plants were counted as against total available fruits on the observed plants. Evaluation of host plant resistance in tomato using multiple resistant tomato hybrid Arka Rakshak for resistance against major insect pests of tomato were conducted during Kharif season of 2015 - 16 in the 10 farmers field at Karumandurai village of Salem district. The pretreatment count of leaf curl infection /plant was ranged from 5.64 to 6.22. The leaf curl infection  in plant  ranged from 3.22 to 12.92 per cent, 6.86 to 16.32 per cent and 7.82 to 24.62 per cent  in vegetative, flowering and  fruiting stage respectively. The yield was worked out baed on the healthy fruits harvested. The economics of multiple resistant tomato hybrid Arka Rakshak, variety sivam and untreated control were computed on the basis of current labour cost, cost of inputs and average market rate of tomato fruits.
Genetic Analysis for Grain Yield and Its Attributing Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Irrigated Conditions of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Anwar Mohammad Abdul , Reddy Maddula Sudarshan , Lal Gaibriyal M. , Lavanya G. R.
Published: July 2022

The present investigation was carried out to assess the genetic variability parameters, correlation and path analysis in 23 rice genotypes for 13 quantitative traits viz Days to 50% flowering, Days to Maturity, Plant height (cm), Flag Leaf Length (cm), Flag Leaf Width (cm), Number of total tillers, Number of Productive Tillers, Panicle Length (cm), Biomass (g), Harvest Index (%), Number of Grains per Panicle, Test Weight (1000 grain weight), Grain Yield per Plant per Plant (g). in Kharif 2021 season at field experimentation centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Uttar Pradesh in Randomized Block Design in three replications. Analysis of variance indicated high significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits. Genotypes SHIATS DHAN-6, KSRV-12, SHIATS DHAN-2, KSRV-140 depicted highest Grain Yield per Plant. All the characters had expressed high estimates of heritability. There is no evidence for characters expressing moderate and low heritability from the present investigation. The studies on GCV and PCV indicated that the presence of high amount of variation and role of the environment on the expression of these traits. The correlation among the yield and yield attributing characters revealed that Grain Yield per Plant per plant was positively and significantly associated at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. In Phenotypic and Genotypic path analysis a detailed analysis of diagonal values showed positive direct effect Grain Yield.
Efficacy and Safety of Intracoronary Administration of Tirofiban through Perforated Balloon Technique in Patients with St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: El-Ghlban Ahmed Mosaad , Ashmawy Medhat Mohammed , Kasem Hanan Kamel , Hamdy Ehab Abd-El Wahab , Dras Enas  EL-Sayed
Published: July 2022

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of intracoronary (IC) versus Intralesional (IL) administration of   tirofiban during primary (PCI) in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Patients and Methods: This research involved 95 patients who were randomly assigned to recieve either IC bolus plus maintenance or IL bolus plus maintenance of tirofiban. Both groups were compared for pre and post intervention for cardiac marker, myocardial perfusion, and Major composite adverse cardiac event incidence at 3 months were recorded.

 Results: Incidence of major adverse cardiac events was not different between groups, but Post procedure TIMI flow III and MBG III were significant in IL group with p = 0.03*, and 0.022* respectively favoring distal intracoronary strategy. Peak CK-MB values were lower in IL tirofiban group than IC group, 172.79±18.37, 184.58 ± 19.93 respectively with significant (p=0.021). ST segment resolution and 3 months LVEF in IL group were significantly higher in IL group than in IC group (p= 0.016*) respectively.

Conclusion: local intracoronary tirofiban infusion via perforated balloon technique at the time of PPCI was associated with reduced thrombus burden, improved immediate angiographic outcome, and 3-month EF, compared with intracoronary GPI bolus injection via the guiding catheter.
Can Acupuncture be an Adjunct Therapy for Bell’s palsy Post COVID-19? Acupuncture for Bell’s Palsy: A Review
Authors: Yepthomi Tokika , Somanadhapai Sangeeth
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical evidence of acupuncture treatment for Bell’s palsy and analyze its therapeutical options in post COVID-19 Bell’s palsy patients.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted by two independent investigators using PubMed, MEDLINE, Google scholar, LILACS and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and others from 2000 up until 2021, using the following keywords: Bell’s Palsy, covid-19, acupuncture, Mucormycosis, vaccine and steroids. Selection of articles was restricted to full-text articles published in English language only. We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the clinical effects of an acupuncture intervention (acupuncture used alone or add on) with no treatment. Accordingly, RCTs fulfilling the criteria were included in the review.

Results: Most of the studies were generally of low methodological quality and only six randomized controlled trials (1076 people) were finally included for the study. In all of the included studies the treatment group or the acupuncture group reported advantageous effects or better outcomes compared to baseline or control group. No adverse events were reported in any of the included studies.

Conclusions: Our review suggest that Acupuncture can be an adjunct or a good alternate therapy for patients with Bell’s palsy post recovery of COVID-19 infection and especially those with the risk of predisposed factor for mucormycosis and other severe health complication. However, the present evidence might not be sufficiently robust against methodological flaws of the included RCTs. Well-designed trials with high methodological qualities are essential to establish a strong conclusion about the efficacy of acupuncture for Bell’s palsy.
Real‐Time Monitoring of the Dehydrogenation Behavior of a Mg2FeH6–MgH2 Composite by In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Kim Juyoung , Fadonougbo Julien O. , Bae Jee‐Hwan , Cho Min Kyung , Hong Jaeyoung , Cho Young Whan , Roh Jong Wook , Kim Gyeung Ho , Han Jun Hyun , Lee Young‐Su , Cho Jung Young , Lee Kyu Hyoung , Suh Jin‐Yoo , Chun Dong Won
Published: July 2022

Herein, real‐time observations of dehydrogenation of a Mg2FeH6–MgH2 composite by means of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with advanced spatial (≈0.8 Å) and temporal (25 frames s−1) resolution are reported. Careful control and systematic variations of the reaction temperature and electron dose rate enable detailed and direct visualization of the characteristic decomposition of Mg2FeH6 into Mg and Fe, which occurs on the nanometer scale under optimal experimental conditions defined to minimize the electron‐beam‐driven Mg oxidation and dehydrogenation that take place in TEM. First, the formation of nanostructured fine Fe clusters in Mg metal and their growth via coalescence during dehydrogenation are verified. Additionally, fine monitoring of the in situ diffraction patterns acquired during decomposition of the composite allows separate evaluations of the desorption kinetics of the two coexisting phases, which confirm the synergetic dehydrogenation of this dual‐phase system. It is envisioned that these findings will provide useful guidelines for reducing the gaps between nanoscale and bulk‐scale research and designing hydrogen sorption conditions to enable efficient operation of a solid‐state hydrogen storage system.
Temporal Control of Trained Immunity via Encapsulated Release of β‐Glucan Improves Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Ajit Jainu , Cassaidy Britteny , Tang Sophia , Solanki Ani , Chen Qing , Shen Jingjing , Esser Kahn Aaron P.
Published: July 2022

Emerging diseases require generating new vaccines, which can often be time consuming. An alternate method to boost host defense is by inducing nonspecific innate immune memory, called trained immunity, to develop novel prophylactics. Many molecules, most notably β‐glucan, induce trained immunity, but their effects are often short‐lived and uncontrolled. This lack of temporal control limits both the therapeutic ability of training and provides fundamental questions about its nature. To achieve temporal control of trained immunity, controlled release nanoparticles encapsulating only 3.5% of the standard dose of β‐glucan to attain sustained release over a month are engineered. Nanoparticle‐trained mice exhibit prolonged training effects and improve resistance to a B16F10 tumor challenge compared to mice that receive an equivalent amount of free β‐glucan. The duration of trained immunity is further fine tuned by synthesizing nanoparticles composed of different molecular weights to modulate the release kinetics. These results demonstrate that dosing and temporal control can substantially alter the trained response to unanticipated levels. As such, this approach using sustained release platforms might lead to a novel prophylactic strategy for improved disease resistance against a wide variety of diseases.
Heterogenization of Molecular Electrocatalytic Active Sites through Reticular Chemistry
Authors: Kim Minseok , Yi Jaekyung , Park Seong‐Hyeon , Park Sarah S.
Published: July 2022

The electrochemical conversion of small molecules, such as CO2, O2, and H2O, has received significant attention as a potential engine for sustainable life. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a promising class of electrocatalytic materials for such processes. An attractive aspect of utilizing this class of materials as electrocatalysts is that well‐known molecular active sites can be introduced to well‐defined crystalline heterogeneous catalytic systems with high tunability. This review offers strategic insights into recent studies on MOF‐based electrocatalysts by discussing the notable active sites that have been utilized in both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, while highlighting instances where such active sites have been introduced into MOFs. In addition, material design principles enabling the integration of electrochemically active components with the MOF platform are outlined. Viewpoints on the viability of MOFs as an alternative to currently used electrocatalysts are also discussed. Finally, the future direction of MOF‐based electrocatalysis research is established.
One‐Step Synthesis of Arylacetaldehydes from Aryl Aldehydes or Diaryl Ketones via One‐Carbon Extension by Using the System of DMSO/KOH/Zinc
Authors: Nie Zhiwen , Yang Tonglin , Su Miaodong , Luo Weiping , Liu Qiang , Guo Cancheng
Published: July 2022

A one‐step protocol is described for the synthesis of arylacetaldehydes from aryl aldehydes or diaryl ketones by using the system of DMSO/KOH/zinc. In this transformation, DMSO provides a methine fragment that converts the −CHO structure in aryl aldehydes or the −CO− structure in diaryl ketones to the −CH2CHO structure in arylacetaldehydes via a one‐carbon extension. This protocol could also be used to synthesize arylacetaldehyde acetals from aryl aldehydes or diaryl ketones when zinc was replaced by diols. In this protocol, 25 examples of arylacetaldehydes and 26 examples of arylacetaldehyde acetals have been synthesized from aryl aldehydes or diaryl ketones. Based on control experiments and the literature, a plausible reaction mechanism is proposed in our work.

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Solid‐State Janus Nanoprecipitation Enables Amorphous‐Like Heat Conduction in Crystalline Mg3Sb2‐Based Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Shu Rui , Han Zhijia , Elsukova Anna , Zhu Yongbin , Qin Peng , Jiang Feng , Lu Jun , Persson Per O. Å. , Palisaitis Justinas , le Febvrier Arnaud , Zhang Wenqing , Cojocaru‐Mirédin Oana , Yu Yuan , Eklund Per , Liu Weishu
Published: July 2022

Solid‐state precipitation can be used to tailor material properties, ranging from ferromagnets and catalysts to mechanical strengthening and energy storage. Thermoelectric properties can be modified by precipitation to enhance phonon scattering while retaining charge‐carrier transmission. Here, unconventional Janus‐type nanoprecipitates are uncovered in Mg3Sb1.5Bi0.5 formed by side‐by‐side Bi‐ and Ge‐rich appendages, in contrast to separate nanoprecipitate formation. These Janus nanoprecipitates result from local comelting of Bi and Ge during sintering, enabling an amorphous‐like lattice thermal conductivity. A precipitate size effect on phonon scattering is observed due to the balance between alloy‐disorder and nanoprecipitate scattering. The thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit ZT reaches 0.6 near room temperature and 1.6 at 773 K. The Janus nanoprecipitation can be introduced into other materials and may act as a general property‐tailoring mechanism.
Pre‐Lithiated Li2V6O13 Cathode Enables High‐Energy Aluminum‐Ion Battery
Authors: Ju Shunlong , Ye Jikai , Meng Yang , Xia Guanglin , Yu Xuebin
Published: July 2022

Owing to the low‐cost, safety, and three‐electron redox properties of aluminum, rechargeable aluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs) are emerging as a promising energy storage technology. However, exploring suitable cathode material with both elevated working voltage and high reversible capacity remains a daunting challenge. Herein, under the guidance of density functional theory calculations, V6O13 is proposed as a promising cathode candidate in AIBs for the first time. It is demonstrated that aluminum ions are reversibly stored in V6O13 by intercalation reactions, with a high discharge voltage plateau of ≈1.1 V. Of particular note a pre‐lithiation strategy is employed to further promote the redox kinetics, which endows the pre‐lithiated V6O13 nanobelt (Li–VONB) with improved capacity of 161.6 mAh g−1 and impressive energy density of 177.7 Wh kg−1 after 300 cycles, far higher than other reported oxide cathodes in AIBs. Moreover, the shielding effect of pre‐inserted Li and accelerated diffusion rate are uncovered at the atomic scale. This work develops a novel Li–VONB cathode for high‐energy AIBs, and shows the great potential of pre‐intercalation strategies in the application of AIBs.
Single‐Atom Molybdenum‐N3 Sites for Selective Hydrogenation of CO2 to CO
Authors: Jiang Yiqiang , Sung Yunjin , Choi Changhyeok , Joo Bang Gi , Hong Song , Tan Xinyi , Wu Tai‐Sing , Soo Yun‐Liang , Xiong Pei , Meng‐Jung LI Molly , Hao Leiduan , Jung Yousung , Sun Zhenyu
Published: July 2022

The design of efficient non‐noble metal catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to fuels and chemicals is desired yet remains a challenge. Herein, we report that single Mo atoms with a MoN3 (pyrrolic) moiety enable remarkable CO2 adsorption and hydrogenation to CO, as predicted by density functional theory studies and evidenced by a high and stable conversion of CO2 reaching about 30.4 % with a CO selectivity of almost 100 % at 500 °C and very low H2 partial pressure. Atomically dispersed MoN3 is calculated to facilitate CO2 activation and reduces CO2 to CO* via the direct dissociation path. Furthermore, the highest transition state energy in CO formation is 0.82 eV, which is substantially lower than that of CH4 formation (2.16 eV) and accounts for the dominant yield of CO. The enhanced catalytic performances of Mo/NC originate from facile CO desorption with the help of dispersed Mo on nitrogen‐doped carbon (Mo/NC), and in the absence of Mo nanoparticles. The resulting catalyst preserves good stability without degradation of CO2 conversion rate even after 68 hours of continuous reaction. This finding provides a promising route for the construction of highly active, selective, and robust single‐atom non‐precious metal catalysts for reverse water–gas shift reaction.
Cytochrome P450BltEnables Versatile Peptide Cyclisation to Generate Histidine‐ and Tyrosine‐Containing Crosslinked Tripeptide Building Blocks
Authors: Zhao Yongwei , Marschall Edward , Treisman Maxine , McKay Alasdair , Padva Leo , Crüsemann Max , Nelson David R. , Steer David L. , Schittenhelm Ralf B. , Tailhades Julien , Cryle Max J.
Published: July 2022

We report our investigation of the utility of peptide crosslinking cytochrome P450 enzymes from biarylitide biosynthesis to generate a range of cyclic tripeptides from simple synthons. The crosslinked tripeptides produced by this P450 include both tyrosine‐histidine (A−N−B) and tyrosine‐tryptophan (A−O−B) crosslinked tripeptides, the latter a rare example of a phenolic crosslink to an indole moiety. Tripeptides are easily isolated following proteolytic removal of the leader peptide and can incorporate a wide range of amino acids in the residue inside the crosslinked tripeptide. Given the utility of peptide crosslinks in important natural products and the synthetic challenge that these can represent, P450 enzymes have the potential to play roles as important tools in the generation of high‐value cyclic tripeptides for incorporation in synthesis, which can be yet further diversified using selective chemical techniques through specific handles contained within these tripeptides.
A Specialized Polythioamide‐Binding Protein Confers Antibiotic Self‐Resistance in Anaerobic Bacteria
Authors: Gude Finn , Molloy Evelyn M. , Horch Therese , Dell Maria , Dunbar Kyle L. , Krabbe Jana , Groll Michael , Hertweck Christian
Published: July 2022

Understanding antibiotic resistance mechanisms is central to the development of anti‐infective therapies and genomics‐based drug discovery. Yet, many knowledge gaps remain regarding the resistance strategies employed against novel types of antibiotics from less‐explored producers such as anaerobic bacteria, among them the Clostridia. Through the use of genome editing and functional assays, we found that CtaZ confers self‐resistance against the copper chelator and gyrase inhibitor closthioamide (CTA) in Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum. Bioinformatics, biochemical analyses, and X‐ray crystallography revealed CtaZ as a founding member of a new group of GyrI‐like proteins. CtaZ is unique in binding a polythioamide scaffold in a ligand‐optimized hydrophobic pocket, thereby confining CTA. By genome mining using CtaZ as a handle, we discovered previously overlooked homologs encoded by diverse members of the phylum Firmicutes, including many pathogens. In addition to characterizing both a new role for a GyrI‐like domain in self‐resistance and unprecedented thioamide binding, this work aids in uncovering related drug‐resistance mechanisms.
Facile Conversion of α‐Amino Acids into α‐Amino Phosphonates by Decarboxylative Phosphorylation using Visible‐Light Photocatalysis
Authors: Reich Dominik , Noble Adam , Aggarwal Varinder K.
Published: July 2022

Amino phosphonates exhibit potent inhibitory activity for a wide range of biological processes due to their specific structural and electronic properties, making them important in a plethora of applications, including as enzyme inhibitors, herbicides, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal agents. While the traditional synthesis of α‐amino phosphonates has relied on the multicomponent Kabachnik‐Fields reaction, we herein describe a novel and facile conversion of activated derivatives of α‐amino acids directly to their respective α‐amino phosphonate counterparts via a decarboxylative radical–polar crossover process enabled by the use of visible‐light organophotocatalysis. The novel method shows broad applicability across a range of natural and synthetic amino acids, operates under mild conditions, and has been demonstrated to successfully achieve the late‐stage functionalization of drug molecules.
Biocompatible and Selective Generation of Bicyclic Peptides**
Authors: Ullrich Sven , George Josemon , Coram Alexandra E. , Morewood Richard , Nitsche Christoph
Published: July 2022

Bicyclic peptides possess superior properties for drug discovery; however, their chemical synthesis is not straightforward and often neither biocompatible nor fully orthogonal to all canonical amino acids. The selective reaction between 1,2‐aminothiols and 2,6‐dicyanopyridine allows direct access to complex bicyclic peptides in high yield. The process can be fully automated using standard solid‐phase peptide synthesis. Bicyclization occurs in water at physiological pH within minutes and without the need for a catalyst. The use of various linkers allows tailored bicyclic peptides with qualities such as plasma stability, conformational preorganization, and high target affinity. We demonstrate this for a bicyclic inhibitor of the Zika virus protease NS2B‐NS3 as well as for bicyclic versions of the α‐helical antimicrobial peptide aurein 1.2.