bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphographies en français contemporain. Place du duel en langue écrite dans Le nombre en français de Jean Dubois et Françoise Dubois-Charlier
Authors: Balibar-Mrabti Antoinette
Published: December 2021

With the analysis of a textbook case, the inflectional category of dual in contemporary French, this article presents the hypothesis of a rise in morphology among the founding disciplines of grammar in written languages. Through a study of morphographies, this trend is considered here as a result of the emergence and development of so-called electronic dictionaries, with their lexicographical words as entries to access form / meaning associations. We know that these dictionaries, piloted by mixed teams of computer scientists and linguists, impose themselves step by step as major classificatory tools for the most general treatments, in theoretical and applied linguistics, now related in our modernity to the exploitation of large corpora that have become digitised.
La linguistique peut-elle sortir de son état pré-galiléen ?
Authors: Desclés Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2021

The future of linguistics implies a better definition of concepts, especially in the semantic analysis. The notion of operator plays an important role in several areas of linguistics, for instance categorical grammars and representations of the meanings of grammatical categories. The general topology makes it possible to mathematize the grammatical concepts (time, aspects, modalities, enunciative operations) by means of operators. Curry’s Combinatorial Logic is an adequate formalism for composing and transforming operators at different levels of analysis that connect the semiotic expressions of languages (the observables) with their semantico-cognitive interpretations. The article refers to many studies that develop the points discussed.
Wokół słowackich przekładów Lata w Nohant Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza
Authors: Spyrka Lucyna
Published: December 2021

Dramat Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza Lato w Nohant ma cechy dramatu modernistycznego. Utwór był tłumaczony na język słowacki dwukrotnie: po raz pierwszy przed wojną, jednak jego inscenizacja nie zyskała uznania słowackiej publiczności, a ze względu na biografię tłumacza — A. Žarnova — przekład w latach powojennych został skazany na zapomnienie. Nowe słowackie tłumaczenie powstało w latach 70., czyli w okresie „normalizacji”, jaka obowiązywała w ówczesnej Czechosłowacji po zdławieniu Praskiej Wiosny. Ów kontekst historyczny nasuwa przypuszczenie, że nowa translacja może mieć charakter przekładu socrealistycznego, lecz przy dokładniejszej analizie broni się ona przed taką jednoznaczną klasyfikacją. Powojenna słowacka wersja utworu była publikowana drukiem oraz w formie inscenizacji, jednak wersja teatralna nie spotkała się z większym zainteresowaniem publiczności, czego przyczyny tkwią nie w samym przekładzie, lecz w odmiennej pozycji Chopina i jego muzyki w kulturze polskiej i słowackiej.
Prevod kot kulturni in literarni artefakt. Primerjava dveh čeških prevodov Prešernove pesmi Slovo od mladosti
Authors: Jensterle-Doležal Alenka
Published: December 2021

V prispevku analiziram dva prevoda Prešernove pesmi Slovo od mladosti kot kulturna in literarna artefakta: prevod Františka Ladislava Čelakovskega (1799—1852) iz leta 1832 (izdan v časopisu Časopis českého Muzea) kot tipičen prevod romantičnega ustvarjalca in enega od začetnikov prevajanja umetniških del na Češkem ter prevod taiste Prešernove pesmi Josefa Hiršala (1920—2003), ki je bil izdan v knjigi France Prešeren, Můj sen šel po hladině, 1978. Pri analizi drugega prevoda ugotavljam, kako se izraža modernizem v prevajalski strategiji. Prevod je primer jezikovne mojstrovine slavnega pesnika eksperimentalne poezije in znanega prevajalca (zaradi političnih razmer se je pod prevod podpisal urednik knjige Viktor Kudělka). V primerjavi me zanimajo tako jezikovne in stilistične rešitve kot tudi kulturološka vprašanja in vprašanje zgodovinskega konteksta. Hiršalov modernistični prevod je izhajal iz razvoja čeških pesniških norm v šestdesetih in sedemdesetih letih 20. stoletja.
O Zapomnianym świetle Jakuba Demla i jego polskim przekładzie
Authors: Żygadło-Czopnik Dorota
Published: December 2021

Catholic priests who were practicing artistic creativity, mostly poets, in the Czech lands, formed a group called the Catholic Modern in the nineteenth century. Jakub Deml, a Czech priest, poet, and writer from Moravia, was in close contact with the group. His works were not always positively received by concurrent readers, but today he is considered a precursor of contemporary literary trends, especially surrealism. Thisarticle presents a portrait of one of the most original Czech writers of the first half of the twentieth century. The text also takes into account the issue of the Polish translation of his work Zapomenuté svĕtlo (Forgotten Light) by Andrzej Czcibor-Piotrowski and published in Wołów in 2000 by the Czarne Publishing House.
»Rekonsi«: prevodi Kosovelovih konsov in Chestermanove prevajalske strategije
Authors: Grošelj Robert
Published: December 2021

Prispevek je posvečen analizi italijanskih in hrvaških prevodov izbranih konstruktivističnih pesmi (konsov) Srečka Kosovela, enega najpomembnejših slovenskih pesnikov (gre za sedem konsov v italijanskem prevodu Jolke Milič in hrvaškem prevodu Josipa Ostija). Prevedeni konsi (»rekonsi«) so bili analizirani glede na prevajalske strategije A. Chestermana (predvsem skladenjske, deloma tudi pomenske in pragmatične), obenem pa je bilo opredeljeno celostno prevodno razmerje med izhodiščnimi pesmimi in prevodi ter globalni prevajalski pristop. Analiza je pokazala, da tako v hrvaških kot v italijanskih prevodih Kosovelovih konsov prevladuje privzeti prevod, ki je pogostejši v hrvaščini; v italijanskih prevodih se pogosteje pojavijo druge skladenjske prevajalske strategije, enako velja za sinonimijo in pragmatično spremembo informacije; hrvaški prevodi dosledneje ohranjajo izhodiščne retorične sheme in so oblikovno bližje izhodiščnim konsom; v obeh prevodih se tipi povedi in tipografske značilnosti ujemajo z izhodiščnimi. Razlogi za razlike med hrvaškimi in italijanskimi prevodi lahko ležijo v jezikovnih razlikah, slogovnem vrednotenju prevodnih rešitev (v kontekstu ciljnega jezika in ciljne književne tradicije), interpretaciji in informativno-interaktivni vlogi prevajalca. Kljub razlikam pa lahko tako hrvaške kot italijanske »rekonse« — glede na izvirne pesmi — označimo kot poustvarjalne prevode (po F. R. Jonesu) oz. verodostojne prevode (po A. Lefeveru), kot metapesmi, ki skušajo mimetično poustvariti izhodiščno obliko (po J. Holmesu). Poleg tega lahko oboje prevode obravnavamo kot zvečine potujitvene: »rekonsi« skušajo ohranjati lastnosti Kosovelovih konsov — njihovo zgradbo, obliko, vsebino in sporočilo — in jih tako v njihovi večplastni razsežnosti predstaviti ciljnemu bralstvu.
Les manuscrits islandais médiévaux dans les romans islandais contemporains : l’exemple de L’Énigme de Flatey
Authors: Quéret-Podesta Adrien
Published: December 2021

In the rich history of Icelandic literature, the most famous literary genres are undoubtedly the medieval sagas and the contemporary criminal novels. However, those genres are as not as far from each other as one may think, since masterpieces of Icelandic medieval literature are sometimes summoned by contemporary authors, as is shown in The Flatey Enigma (Icelandic: Flateyjargáta), a criminal novel by Viktor Arnar Ingólfsson which is built around the story and the contents of the Book of Flatey, a famous fourteenth Icelandic manuscript. The present article provides an analysis of the place and function of the manuscripts and the medieval texts it contains: the results obtained show that their main function is to help the development of the plot, although some intertextual references also have a didactic dimension, whereas others provide information about the relations between the characters and the Book of Flatey.
Bo v. ponieważ i inne spójniki w mówionym i pisanym Kartka z dziejów mylnych mniemań
Authors: Bakuła Kordian
Published: December 2021

Punktem wyjścia artykułu jest normatywne przekonanie, że niektóre spójniki, jak bo i ale, są właściwe mowie i w niej należy je stosować, a niektóre, jak ponieważ i lecz, są właściwe dziełom pisanym. Przekonanie to sprawdzono na materiale, na który złożyły się losowo dobrane krótkie teksty z filozofii, językoznawstwa, literaturoznawstwa, psychologii, publicystyki, krytyki literackiej oraz teksty popularnonaukowe o języku. Wyjściowe mniemanie okazało się mylne: spójniki bo i ale występują w przejrzanych tekstach o wiele częściej niż ponieważ i lecz. Postępowanie badawcze miało kilka etapów: 1) identyfikacja zastanych przekonań, 2) określenie wątpliwości, ustalenie odmiennego punktu widzenia, 3) zgromadzenie materiału, 4) badanie, 5) wyniki, 6) interpretacja, 7) wnioski. Autor sądzi, że schemat takiego postępowania badawczego nadaje się do stosowania na lekcjach języka polskiego.
Perspektywa porównawcza w dydaktyce języka ojczystego
Authors: Niesporek-Szamburska Bernadeta
Published: December 2021

Autorka w krytycznym omówieniu monografii Język ojczysty w edukacji szkolnej w Polsce, Czechach i na Słowacji przedstawia możliwości prowadzenia badań porównawczych w zakresie dydaktyk języków ojczystych. Do tej pory badacze tej subdyscypliny rzadko korzystali z osiągnięć językoznawców spoza granic własnego kraju. Sytuacja powoli się zmienia – czego dowodzi analizowana książka. Prezentowane w recenzowanym dziele badania dotyczą dydaktycznych aspektów nauczania/uczenia się języka na różnych poziomach. Wszystkie opracowania łączy funkcjonalne podejście do nauczania języka ojczystego. Autorka recenzji zwraca uwagę, że tak sprofilowane badania kształcenia językowego w jednym kraju mogą służyć podniesieniu wiedzy o edukacji językowej w krajach z nim sąsiadujących.
(D)ocenić szkołę?
Authors: Ochwat Magdalena
Published: December 2021

W recenzowanej publikacji pt. Docenić szkołę. Dydaktyczna teoria i metodyczna praktyka Maria Kwiatkowska-Ratajczak dokumentuje projekty lekcji zrealizowane w jednym z poznańskich liceów. Opisywany materiał badawczy dotyczy doświadczeń uczniów i nauczycieli w poznawaniu historii przodków walczących o odzyskanie niepodległości na terenie Wielkopolski, ożywiania archiwum dzieł malarskich, autorefleksji młodych na temat kulturowego DNA, kreatywnego pisania do rządzących oraz profilowego czytania Lalki. Autorka zwraca uwagę na niesłuszną i nagminną krytykę szkoły, prezentuje przy tym edukację opartą na myślowej samodzielności, indywidualnej wizji świata, edukację, która podejmuje prawdziwy dialog z tekstami i może budzić zachwyt.
Nie tylko po lekcjach…
Authors: Latoch-Zielińska Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

W recenzowanej monografii Małgorzaty Wójcik-Dudek pt. Po lekcjach opublikowane zostały, poddane uprzednio aktualizacji i w wielu przypadkach poszerzone, rozproszone wcześniej teksty. Lektura kolejnych artykułów uświadamia czytelnikom, jak wiele istotnych wątków i problemów kryją w sobie znane wszystkim lektury, jak wiele może zyskać edukacja polonistyczna z nowego ich odczytania, które jest wynikiem twórczego dialogu, stawiania innych niż zwykle pytań, ciekawego kontekstu interpretacyjnego.
Fenomen gościnności środkowoeuropejskiej w ujęciu historycznym
Authors: Usatenko Ihor
Published: December 2021

Artykuł dotyczy zjawiska gościnności rozpatrywanego w perspektywie historycznej. Rozważania pokazują, że tradycja gościnności w Europie Środkowej jest głęboko historycznie zakorzeniona i mocno związana z rozmaitymi procesami społeczno-politycznymi i gospodarczymi, które zachodziły w różnych epokach.
Politycy i żołnierze Spór Karla Hoefera i Bernharda Hülsena o znaczenie bitwy o Górę św. Anny podczas III powstania śląskiego w 1921 roku
Authors: Kaczmarek Ryszard
Published: December 2021

Po I wojnie światowej doszło do konfliktu polsko-niemieckiego o Górny Śląsk, którego apogeum było polskie powstanie w 1921 roku. W niemieckim dowództwie powstał spór podczas zwycięskiej kontrofensywy, znanej jako bitwa o Górę św. Anny. Autor pokazuje uwarunkowania polityczne podejmowanych wówczas decyzji wojskowych i skomplikowane relacje demokratycznego rządu Republiki Weimarskiej z sympatyzującymi z nacjonalistyczną prawicą oficerami.
Półkolonie letnie dla dzieci jako forma wypoczynku w mieście [Rec. Joanna Sosnowska, Z dziejów opieki społecznej w Polsce międzywojennej. Półkolonie letnie w Łodzi. Łódź 2018]
Authors: Kotrys Natalia Maria
Published: December 2021

Przedmiotem recenzji jest publikacja Joanny Sosnowskiej Z dziejów opieki społecznej w Polsce międzywojennej. Półkolonie letnie w Łodzi. W książce — na przykładzie półkolonii letnich w Łodzi — przybliżono problematykę opieki społecznej w Polsce międzywojennej.
Runyoga: Från arisk blodsmystik till nyandlig självutveckling
Authors: Gregorius Fredrik
Published: December 2021

Rune yoga is a spiritual practice based on the idea that the Runic alphabet can be used for spiritual and magical purposes. Based on an interpretation of the Runes where every letter in the alphabet is considered to contain within it a source of mystical powers Rune Yoga uses techniques inspired by Indian yoga to channel these forces. While contemporary Rune Yoga has become a part of Heathen and Alternative Spirituality that attracts people from a variety of Ethnic background the origin of the practice lies within the Ariosophical movement, a racial form of Esotericism that developed in Germany and Austria in the early 20th century. In this article the origin of Rune Yoga within the Ariosphical movement is presented, how it was integrated in ideas about Aryan racial supremacy. The article continues to show how Rune Yoga later migrated to North America and became a practice used within a non-racial milieu and what aspects remained from the original Ariosophical movement. The article argues that while some aspects of Ariosophical thinking remains within Rune Yoga the racial aspects have ceased to be important. Rather than focusing on race modern Rune Yoga focus in self-improvement for the individual and there is a lack of collectivist goals.
Developing Online Learning Assessment Instrument for English Sentence Structure Course during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sudarwati Emy , Fatimah Fatimah , Astuti Yuni , Ubaidillah M. Faruq
Published: December 2021

Anchored by the need for constructing an online assessment which is mediated by honesty as the character value for grammar mastery among undergraduate students during Covid-19 pandemic, in the present study we developed a test of English Sentence Structure (ESS) situated in an English department of a public university in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. To enact such a purpose, Design-based Research (DBR) was carried out in the study. Findings from the study showcase that the test was valid and reliable, giving it accessible portion for use in the English department. Aside from that, students also opined positively toward the use of the test in measuring their English grammar mastery. Despite these, we found that students’ score in the tryout phase is low affected by their lack of test preparation, inappropriate situated test time, and ineffective teaching and learning enactment. The paper ends with recommendation for future researchers.
The Role of Clinical Pharmacist in Reducing Drug Related Problems in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Talib Aya F. , M.Anwer Zinah
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Prescribing drugs to patients to treat ailments or reducing their morbidity may not be enough, even if the drugs were all indicated and in the right dose. Clinical pharmacists play a pivotal role in conducting information and instruction to patients and conveying feedback to treating physician when appropriate, and the final goal is in the interest of the patient.  Identification and classification of drug related problems and discussing them with the health care providers.  Prospective, interventional, clinical study for 180 hemodialysis patients, and was designed as two phases, an observational phase to identify drug related problems and classifying them according to the latest Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe classification, an interventional phase to increase the awareness of patients and the nephrologists about those problems and proposing a proper solution for each one.  The main drug related problems was related to the effect of drug treatment being not optimal in 58.7%, followed by no effect in 17.8%, and least for unrelated symptoms or indications in 4.8%; causes were inappropriate combination and patients taking less drug than prescribed (both 17.4%), followed by no/or incomplete drug treatment in spite of existing indication in 12.2%, drug without indication in 10.4%. Erythropoietin and calcium were the most frequently drugs with problems. Acceptance and full implementation were observed in 34.3%, while half of the drug related problems had unknown implementation (51.3%). There were significant numbers of drug related problems among Iraqi patients on hemodialysis, the use of erythropoietin, calcium carbonate and sevelamer  was responsible for most of inappropriate combinations. Physicians and clinical pharmacist cooperation was excellent.

Keywords: Drug related problems, Hemodialysis, Clinical pharmacist.
Thymoquinone Attenuates Immune Mediated Liver Injury Induced by Concanavalin A in Mice
Authors: Ahmad Halla A. , H. Kathem Sarmed
Published: December 2021

Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory disease and its incidence has been increasing. The features of hepatitis are the release of inflammatory cytokines, the elevation of AST and ALT, and hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis. Concanavalin A considered as essential model represents the acute immune-mediated liver damage in rodents. Thymoquinone is well known herbal compound that exert hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. In this study, we focus on the immunoregulatory and liver protective effect of thymoquinone in a mouse model of concanavalin A-induced liver injury.

Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into four groups each containing six animals: Negative control group, concanavalin A model group, thymoquinone 15mg/kg group, and thymoquinone 30mg/kg group. Blood was collected to detect the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) as well as liver tissue for the detection of tumor necrosis factor 

levels, after 8 hours of concanavalin A injection.

Injecting mice with concanavalin resulted in a dramatic increase in serum level of both ALT and AST which indicate severe liver tissue damage with a significant increase in inflammatory cytokines TNF alpha -

and INF  levels, with a notable increase in NF-kB gene expression in mice liver tissue homogenate. Thymoquinone pretreatment revealed a dose-dependent increase in liver tissue protection.

Conclusion: Thymoquinone has hepatoprotective and immune modulatory effects in concanavalin A induced immune mediated liver damage. Thymoquinone exerted its effect through attenuating NF and its downstream effectors TNF  and INF  in a dose dependent manner.
Potential Pharmaceutical Application of Endemic Plants: When will Sri Lanka Understand the Economic Value Chain?
Authors: Veranja Karunaratne
Published: December 2021

Small molecules has been a main concern in the pharmaceutical industry for as long as they have existed. Enormous libraries of compounds have been collected and they in turn nurture drug discovery research. For example, big pharma, has in their compound libraries ranging from 500,000 to several million. Examining the drugs in the market, it is clear from where most are arriving: natural origin; out of the 1,328 new chemical entities approved as drugs between 1981 and 2016, only 359 were purely of synthetic origin. In the list of remaining ones, 326 were “biologics”, and 94 were vaccines. Importantly, 549 were from natural origin or arose motivated from natural compounds. Furthermore, anticancer compounds arising during the same period (1981–2014), only 23 were purely synthetic (Newman and Cragg, 2016). Natural origin can count for three categories: unaltered natural products; distinct mixture of natural products and natural product derivatives isolated from plants or other living organisms such as fungi, sponges, lichens, or microorganisms; and products modified through application of medicinal chemistry. There are many examples covering a wide spectrum of diseases: anticancer drugs such as docetaxel (Taxotere™), paclitaxel (Taxol™), vinblastine, podophyllotoxin (Condylin™), or etoposide; steroidal hormones such as progesterone, norgestrel, or cortisone; cardiac glycosides such as digitoxigenin; antibiotics like penicillin, streptomycin, and cephalosporins.
COVID-19 Pandemic: lessons learnt and the way forward
Authors: Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige
Published: December 2021

Although the scientific community had been predicting and preparing for a pandemic for the last 10 years, many policy makers did not envision that a virus could cause such devastation to human life, economies and to the social structure. COVID-19 has taught us many bitter lessons and while moving forward it is important to understand that this current pandemic is yet to end. However, COVID-19 is unlikely to be the last pandemic that we face, Due to certain human activities such as urbanization, deforestation, increased human and animal interactions and climate change, we will see more pandemics emerging in the coming years. Preparedness and anticipation of such an event is the only way forward.
Effect of Age and Gender on Voice Onset Time: Data from Sinhalese
Authors: S.V. Narasimhan  , W.G.S.S. Karunarathne
Published: December 2021

Objective: To documenting the voice onset time in voiced and unvoiced stop consonants in Sinhala and to investigating the effects of age and gender on voice onset time values in Sinhalese speakers.
Methods: Three groups of participants were employed. Group 1 included 20 children, Group 2 included 20 adults and Group 3 consisted of 20 elderly subjects. All the subjects spoke the dialect of central province of Sri Lanka. Words consisting of three Sinhala short vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/ in were recorded. Voice onset time values from two voiced and voiceless stop consonants were extracted.
Results: Voiced stop consonants had significantly longer voice onset time values compared to voiceless stop consonants. Significant effect of age as well as gender on voice onset time values were also observed.
Conclusion: Supplementary investigations on the normative aspects of voice onset time among the Sinhala population would provide additional insights and validated tools for indexing the articulatory and acoustic characteristics of stop consonants in Sinhalese.
Keywords: Voice Onset Time, Sinhalese, Elderly, Sinhala, Acoustic analysis
Attitude towards the disease and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis as a target of personalized psychotherapy for PTSD
Authors: Andreeva M. T. , Karavaeva T. A. , Kalinin I. V.
Published: December 2021

Attitude towards the disease and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis as a target of personalized psychotherapy for PTSDA chronic, progressive, potentially disabling disease with a poor prognosis can trigger the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The article presents the results of a survey of 127 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), of which 61 patients had PTSD symptoms that developed in connection with the underlying disease were verified. The control group included 67 patients with MS who were resistant to stress. To fulfill the objectives of the study, all patients underwent a thorough collection of anamnestic information. To study the structure of the internal picture of the disease, we used a test technique aimed at diagnosing the type of attitude toward the disease (TOBOL). The study of QOL indicators was carried out using the SF-36 questionnaire.To assess the cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects of anxiety about progression, the following questionnaires were used: “A short questionnaire for assessing the fear of disease progression” A. Mehnert, P. Herschbach, P. Berg (2006), adapted by N.А. Sirota, D.V. Moskovchenko (2014) and “Questionnaire of cognitive ideas about the disease” A. Evers, F. Kraaimaat (1998), adapted by N.A. Sirota, D.V. Moskovchenko (2014). As a result of the study,   it was revealed that the patients of the main group have significantly lower scores of both physical and mental functioning when assessing the quality of life. At the same time, patients with PTSD are characterized by a higher intensity of anxiety about progression, negative thinking, and emotional reactions associated with the disease. An inadequate internal picture of the disease, characterized by the presence of mental maladjustment due to the disease, prevails in the group of patients with PTSD. All of these factors can be predictors of the development of PTSD. It is necessary to conduct further studies of the psychological characteristics of this group of patients in order to identify the targets of psychotherapeutic influence.
Relationship among chest expansion and scapular index in smartphone users
Authors: GOHAR Dr. Qurat Ul Ain , SULTANA Sılwat , INTİKHAB Maria , LATİF Hina , MURAD Dr. Saba , YAQOOB Dr. Muhammad Furqaan
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to determine whether an association exists between chest expansion and scapular index among smartphone users who use smartphones greater than four hours. The study was a cross sectional correlational analytical study conducted in Rawalpindi /Islamabad community after approval from the ethical review committee. The duration of study was from June 2019 to February 2020. The total participants were 245 (64 males and 181 females), aged 18 to 40 years who spend their time on smartphones greater than 4 hours. The tools used for data collection procedure were Digital Vernier caliper, measuring tape, and self-structured questionnaire. Vernier caliper was used to measure rounded shoulders by calculating Scapular index and chest expansion was calculated using measuring tape. A significant relation was found between chest expansion and right scapular index with screen time among smartphone users with p-value < 0.05. Statistical analysis of this study highlights that there is a significant relationship between duration of smartphone usage and scapular index with p-value of right scapula is 0.036 and left scapula are 0.037 but non-significant relationship exists between chest expansion and smartphone usage duration. Our study supports that the position of the shoulder during smartphone usage and duration of the smartphone more than 4 hours affects scapular index and have a negative impact on their posture which causes rounded shoulders as compared to those who spend less time.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE BASIC PERIODIZATION OF IMITATIONS OF THE ROMAN IMPERIAL DENARII IN THE CHERNYAKHIV CULTURE AREA: THE CONCEPT OF TWO «WAVES»
Authors: Kasperovich Olexandr , Yushkauskas Gintautas
Published: December 2021

Imitations of Roman coins, the findings of which are very numerous and diverse in Ukraine, have already attracted the attention of researchers. The material accumulated over the last two decades, when taking into account its scale and diversity, allows us to state that imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture, is an unique and large-scale phenomenon, visible on the imaginary «map» of ancient numismatics. In this context, the growing number of new findings of imitations actualizes the task of more detailed and meaningful categorization of the accumulated material, in order to create a certain integral «canvas» of such a phenomenon as the imitations of Roman coins from the area of Chernyakhiv culture.

The article is devoted to the improvement of the existing typology and periodization of imitations of Roman imperial denarii, which were made in the area of Chernyakhiv culture during the II - IV centuries. To solve this problem, the authors proposed and used an analytical scheme, consisting of a set of classification parameters for the typology of imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture. The use of this scheme allowed to form «profiles» and to substantiate the presence in the general set of imitations of two large, non-intersecting groups («waves») of imitations.

Further analysis allowed to describe and compare these two «waves» of imitation in more detail. It was found that the first «wave» refers to the period of gradual entry of the Roman silver coins into the area of Chernyakhiv culture (II - early III century), which significantly clarifies the common view, according to which all imitations belong to the second half of the III century or even later. The second «wave» of imitations really refers to the second half of the III - early IV century, as it was established in the literature.

Thus, the results of the study substantiated a comprehensive approach to the classification of imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture and significantly clarified the chronological framework of their production. In the future, the concept of two «waves» and the analytical scheme proposed by the authors may contribute to a more accurate classification and periodization of the whole array of imitations of Roman coins, which were made in the area of Chernyakhiv culture
MEDIEVAL COINS ON THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE. “BRUSH STROKES” TO THE MONETARY CIRCULATION (I)
Authors: Dergaciova Lilia , Boiko-Haharin Andrii
Published: December 2021

During the past two decades, with the development of private search using a special equipment, the number of known coins has increased dramatically, opening up the new opportunities for researchers.

The aim of the study. Some of these finds, mainly treasures, have been the subject of the specialized research or have been the part of various numismatic publications, which cannot be said of isolated finds that have only been partially covered in the scientific literature. At the same time, the individual finds are not inferior to informative treasures, allowing a reconstructing the monetary circulation of a single settlement or city, its economic potential, interregional trade relations and many other aspects that contribute together to the restoration of the historical past. Over the last 10-15 years, the authors of this article have been systematically collecting information about the medieval coins found in Ukraine, some of which have an exact location. Thus, the purpose of this article is the gradual introduction into scientific circulation of the numismatic material originating from the territory of modern Ukraine with its full description, illustrations and outlines, references to current works and catalogues. It opens a series of articles on issues of the XV and XVII centuries, namely the Moldavian coins of Alexander I the Good, Stephen III the Great and one piece of the crown solidus of Sigismund III, found with them. Within the 22 coins described in the article, about 10 were found: 6 coins originate from Chernivtsi region, 1 piece of Moldovan coins were founded in Vinnytsia, Poltava, Volyn and Lviv regions. Other coins were also found on the territory of modern Ukraine, the authors do not know the exact places of their discovery. The Conclusions. The topographic distribution of the finds indicates that the main zone of concentration of Moldavian coins falls on the Chernivtsi region, which is quite natural, given that these lands, mentioned in written sources under the name of Shipinska land (terra Sepenicensis), were was included the part of the Moldavian principality since the end of XIV century. The distribution of Moldovan coin finds in Ukraine corresponds to the same international trade routes that connected Central Europe with the Crimean Peninsula, passing through the territory of modern Ukraine and Moldova, known as «Tatar» and «Moldovan» trade routes; and the mediating the role played by the lands of the Principality of Moldavia in this trade.
HORSE-RIDER IMAGE ON THE COINS OF THE EASTERN CELTS AND THE CULT OF CELTIC WAR GODDESS
Authors: Kazakevych Gennadii
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the iconography of the Celtic coins which come from the South-Eastern Europe. Main attention is paid to the coins found in the Trans-Carpathian region of Ukraine. The aim of this article is to shed light on symbolism of the Celtic coins, in particular on a horse-rider figure on the reverse of these coins. Research methodology is based on the structuralist approach. The scientific novelty. The author shows how the imagery of the coins was connected to the Celtic religious beliefs and cults. The Celtic issues from the Trans-Carpathian region were derived chiefly from the coins of Philip II and Audoleon. A horse-rider image is present on almost all of the Celtic coins from the Trans-Carpathian area and nearby regions. While on most of coins the rider’s figure is highly schematized, some of them contain a detailed image of a female figure. There is no reason to suggest that the Celtic women used to lead their communities or were widely involved in the warfare as military leaders or individual fighters. At the same time, their significance in the religious and ideological spheres of warfare was great. One can assume that the horse-rider depicted on the Celtic coins was considered rather as an image of deity associated with war, fertility and horse-breeding. It is highly probable that this deity in fact was Epona or other related goddess. The coins were widely used in both trade and ritual practices. In particular, the Classical sources mention the Celtic ritual of devotion of coins to the goddess of hunting. The findings of coins with chop-marks, similar to those found in the Gallic and Gallo-Roman sanctuaries, should be mentioned in this context as well.
Hubungan Antara Pet Attachment dengan Psychological Well-Being Pada Pencinta Hewan Peliharaan Di Bogor
Authors: Indriani Erry , Ervanda Rizkyan
Published: December 2021

Individu yang memelihara hewan peliharaan cenderung memiliki pet attachment yang tinggi. Hal ini di karenakan ikatan emosi antara pemilik hewan dengan hewan peliharaannya. Semakin lama ikatan tersebut maka kecenderungan mendapatkan rasa nyaman semakin kuat. Individu yang memelihara hewan dapat membentuk hubungan yang khas yang melibatkan kedekatan, komitmen, keterlibatan emosional dan konflik sehingga membuat individu merasa senang, bahagia dan bermakna. Kondisi itu disebut dengan psychological well-being (PWB). PWB adalah kebahagiaan hidup manusia yang sesungguhnya merupakan hasil dari penilaian dan perasaan baik diri dan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pet attachment dengan PWB pada pencinta hewan peliharaan di Kota Bogor. Penentuan subyek menggunakan teknik incidental sampling dengan jumlah 100 orang yang pernah atau sedang memiliki hewan peliharaan. Instrumen pada penelitian ini adalah LAPS (Lexington to pets scale) untuk mengukur pet attachment dan the perma profiler untuk mengukur PWB sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Teknik korelasi yang digunakan adalah korelasi pearson Product Moment. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara pet attachment dengan PWB dengan nilai kolerasi pearson sebesar. 0,489. Artinya, apabila individu yang memiliki tingkat pet attachment yang tinggi maka tingkat PWB nya juga tinggi.
Hubungan Antara Kontrol Diri dengan Teamwork pada Pemain Futsal Usia Dewasa Awal di Jakarta Timur
Authors: Mukrom Misbah , Nasution Sri Mulyani
Published: December 2021

Usia dewasa awal adalah periode penyesuaian diri terhadap pola-pola kehidupan baru dan harapanharapan sosial baru. Pada pemain futsal usia dewasa awal, individu sering mengalami ketegangan emosional. Saat pemain futsal mengalami ketegangan emosi maka pemain futsal tersebut sebgaian besar tidak bisa mengontrol dirinya sendiri. Kontrol diri adalah upaya mengesampingkan atau menghambat reaksi otomatis, kebiasaan, atau perilaku yang dibawa sejak kecil, desakan-desakan, emosi, atau hasrat yang dapat mengganggu pencapaian tujuan utama.Artinya individu kurang bisa mengontrol dirinya tersebut pada saat pertandingan futsal. Sedangkan teamwork adalah bentuk kerja kelompok dengan keterampilan yang saling melengkapi ketika berkomitmen untuk mencapai tujuan bersama secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kontrol diri dengan teamwork pada pemain futsal dewasa awal di Jakarta Timur. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 110 orang dengan menggunakan Accidental Sampling. Metode analisa data menggunakan metode uji korelasi statistik yaitu korelasi product moment. Berdasarkan analisis data ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang yang signifikan antara kontrol diri dengan teamwork pada pemain futsal usia dewasa awal di Jakarta Timur. Hal ini terlihat dari perolehan angka koefisien korelasinya yang sebesar 0,187 dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,01.
Hubungan Beban Kerja Dengan Motivasi Kerja Pada Petugas Air Traffic Control (ATC) Bandara X
Authors: Mustopo Widura Imam , Salim Agus
Published: December 2021

Menjadi petugas Air Traffic Control (ATC) merupakan hal yang tidak mudah, dibutuhkanprofesionalisme, mereka harus bekerja dengan konsentrasi yang tinggi demi menciptakan kondisi lalulintas penerbangan yang aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara beban kerjadengan motivasi kerja pada petugas ATC (Air Traffic Control) di Bandara X. Penelitian ini merupakanpenelitian kuantitatif deskripfif, sedangkan pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kuesioner. Alatukur beban kerja diadaptasi dari NASA-TLX. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah petugas ATC di bandaraX berjumlah 100 orang. Hasil perhitungan korelasi antara beban kerja dengan motivasi kerja padapetugas ATC sebesar 0,261, dengan taraf signifikan 0,009. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bawah adahubungan signifikan yang positif antara beban kerja dengan motivasi kerja pada petugas ATC di bandaraX. Artinya, semakin bertambah beban kerja maka semakin meningkat motivasi kerja petugas ATC diBandara X.
Managing the Provision of Advanced Level of Education as a Condition for the Innovative Development of the Russian Economy
Authors: Sporykhina Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the relation between giving a proactive character to the education system and the requirements of modern social and economic social processes. The stages of managing the process of creating a system of advanced education are described, a scheme for managing advanced education is developed.
Development of Model of Proactive Management of Refineries' Equipment Restoration
Authors: Tomazova Olesia Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

The article considers the topic of maintenance of equipment in a working condition in the activities of oil producing enterprises. The exploitation of the means of labor takes place in difficult mining, geological and climatic conditions. Ensuring the reliability and efficiency of the surface and underground equipment operation is a priority task for the oil producing enterprises of the Russian Federation. In modern economic conditions, there is a need to improve the efficiency of work on the restoration of equipment.
A.S. Masalimov as the founder and leader of a new direction in ESR spectroscopy and quantum chemistry of free radicals
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Nikolskiy S.N. , Pustolaikina I.A. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the creative path of A.S. Masalimov, an outstanding Kazakhstan chemist who celebrates his 70th anniversary in 2022. The main stages of his career and significant events of his scientific career are presented here. The contribution of professor A.S. Masalimov in the foundation and development of the school of ESR spectroscopy and quantum chemistry at the Karaganda Buketov University is shown.
TEACHING TRAINEE TEACHERS TO REFLECT ON THEIR MICROTEACHING EXPERIENCES IN EFL METHODOLOGY COURSE
Authors: Bevz Olena
Published: December 2021

Зазначається, що інвестиції в інтернаціоналізацію можуть створити позитивний імідж країни за кордоном та сприяти покращенню якості освіти, хоча автори роблять висновок, що переваги інтернаціоналізації вищої освіти не обмежуються фінансами, економічним зростанням та підвищенням конку-рентоспроможності, оскільки насамперед вони поглиблюють взаєморозуміння, багатомовність, особистісний та професійний розвиток молодого покоління.
The main trends of Ukrainian art of 1990-2020: artistic language, forms and means of expression — the state of research of the problem
Authors: Mironova Tatiana
Published: December 2021

The main directions of Ukrainian art of the 1990–2020s, its means of expression through the prism of modern art history are analyzed. The problems of transformations of the artistic language, forms and means of expression of contemporary Ukrainian art are studied. It is proved that modern researchers comprehend the peculiarities of the development of Ukrainian art at the turn of the 20th — 21st centuries in the problem-chronological aspect, so the analysis of the development and renewal of contemporary visual arts, with the exception of some studies, is currently fragmentary and not very systematic. For the most part, the authors consider the creative search of individual artists in classical paradigms, transforming the methodology of analysis and interpretation of their works to the modern information context.
Implementasi Kebijakan Standar Sarana dan Prasarana di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Murniviyanti Liza , MS Zulela , Edwita Edwita
Published: December 2021

Sarana dan prasarana di sekolah dasar yang sudah sesuai dengan standar Undang Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, Pasal 35 akan mempengaruhi kualitas sekolah. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi kebijakan standar sarana dan prasarana di sekolah dasar mencakup ruangan belajar, tempat beribadah, tempat olahraga, perpustakaan, laboratorium, bengkel kerja, tempat bermain, dan ruangan lainnya yang mendukung proses pembelajaran. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis program. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tiga sekolah yaitu SD Negeri 4, SD Negeri 10, dan SD Negeri 15 Kecamatan Sembawa Kabupaten Banyuasin. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis program. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Peneliti melakukan wawancara langsung dengan kepala SD Negeri 4 Sembawa, kepala SD Negeri 10 Sembawa, dan kepala SD Negeri 15 Sembawa Kabupaten Banyuasin dengan menggunakan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sarana dan prasarana yang ada di sekolah yaitu ruang belajar, musala, perpustakaan, tempat olahraga, dan aula pertemuan dikelola langsung oleh kepala sekolah dan dibantu oleh para guru serta staf yang ada di sekolah. Pemanfaatan sarana dan prasarana sudah dijalankan berdasarkan fungsinya masing-masing. Kendala sarana dan prasarana yaitu kurangnya bangunan, pagar sekolah, tempat olahraga, dan musala. Dampak dari kekurangan sarana dan prasarana membuat siswa kurang mendapatkan fasilitas yang belum lengkap dalam pembelajaran khususnya masih kekurangan ruang belajar dan salah satu sekolah masih belum memiliki musala.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERSONAL INITIATIVE IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS' WORK AUTONOMY AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING
Authors: ORÇANLI Kenan , BEKMEZCİ Mustafa
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study is to examine the mediating role of personal initiative in the relationship between job autonomy and subjective well-being in the Turkish education system. In this context, the research was carried out on a sample created by the convenience sampling method on the teachers working in the 2019-2020 Education and Training Period at the primary and secondary education levels within the borders of Ankara Metropolitan Municipality. The data of the research are collected by using three scala, job autonomy scale, subjective well-being scale and personal initiative scale. Relational scanning model was used to determine the direction and level of change between the variables subject to the research, and partial least squares-structural equation model was used for the structural analysis of the established model. SmartPLS package program and R programming language were used in the study. In the analyses, the assumptions that need to be provided about the data were checked first, and then the established model was tested. As a result of the analysis; It has been determined that there is a significant and same-sided relationship between job autonomy, subjective well-being and personal initiative variables, and personal initiative plays a full mediator role in the relationship between work autonomy and subjective well-being. It is considered that the study will contribute to the organizational behavior literature and that the results obtained from the research can form the basis for future studies. Key words: Job Autonomy, Subjective Well-Being, Personal Initiative
OPINIONS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL MUSIC TEACHERS ON THE USE OF EBA (EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION NETWORK): SAMPLES OF ŞANLIURFA
Authors: TABAK Cihan , BOZ Ümit
Published: December 2021

With this research, it is aimed to determine the opinions of secondary school music teachers about the use of EBA. In line with the purpose of the research, the opinions of secondary school music teachers were taken by using the scanning model. The study group of the research consists of 22 music teachers working in ġanlıurfa in the 2021-2021 academic year. In order to collect data in the research, a semi-structured interview form was applied to the teachers. The data obtained as a result of the application were processed and descriptive analysis was made. As a result of the research, teachers related to EBA; They frequently use 'Live Lessons', 'Lessons' and 'My Page' modules, EBA contributes to them and the students, they do not have access problems to EBA, but students have access problems, they prefer 'Mobile Application' when using EBA, ' It was concluded that they performed the 'Live Lesson' module over the 'Zoom' application and did not record it, that they did not find the music lesson contents in the EBA sufficient, that they produced content and made the contents produced outside of the EBA accessible to the students. Keywords: Education Information Network, Distance Learning, Music Lesson
INFLUENCE OF TRAINING ON EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE IN NGOS: A RESEARCH IN LEBANON
Authors: El Musleh Fatmeh
Published: December 2021

This research focuses on the influence of training on employees‟ performance (through the ability and desire, discipline and behavior, and the results) in non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Lebanon. It provides information about the importance of training for employees and their influence on employee performance in NGOs in Lebanon. A quantitative research method of the data collection was adopted using a questionnaire through convenient sampling technique and filled out by 182 respondents. The information and statistical data collected and analyzed using SPSS to test hypotheses and draw conclusions have shown positive signs on the three proposed hypotheses formulated for testing the influence of training on employee performance regarding ability and desire, discipline and behavior, and on the results. The findings and recommendations provide NGOs with the needed knowledge and information on the importance of investing in training to produce a better workforce to better promoting organizational performance. In fact, the findings in this study serve as a guide to students and researchers who want to further research about NGOs in Lebanon to build upon these findings and recommendations to get more insights on the importance of training for employees in NGOs to promote proficiency and effectiveness of staff recruited by NGOs. Keywords: Training, Employee Performance, Human Resource, NGO, Lebanon.