bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The intercapillary space spectrum as a marker of diabetic retinopathy severity on optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Terada Noriko , Murakami Tomoaki , Uji Akihito , Ishihara Kenji , Dodo Yoko , Nishikawa Keiichi , Morino Kazuya , Tsujikawa Akitaka
Published: February 2022

Microcirculatory disturbance plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis in diabetic retinopathy (DR). We retrospectively quantified the total counts and morphological features of intercapillary spaces, i.e., intercapillary areas and nonperfusion areas (NPAs), on swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) images and to evaluate their associations with DR severity grades. We acquired 3 × 3 mm OCTA images in 75 eyes of 62 diabetic patients and 22 eyes of 22 nondiabetic subjects. In the en-face superficial images within the central 2 mm, the areas enclosed by retinal vessels were automatically detected. Their total numbers decreased in some eyes with no apparent retinopathy and most eyes with DR, which allowed us to discriminate diabetic subjects from nondiabetic subjects [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.907]. The areas and area/perimeter ratios continuously increased in DR, indicating a continuum between healthy intercapillary areas and NPAs. The number of intercapillary spaces with a high area/perimeter ratio increased according to DR severity, which showed modest performance in discriminating moderate NPDR or higher grades (AUC = 0.868). These quantified parameters of intercapillary spaces can feasibly be used for the early detection of microcirculatory impairment and the diagnosis of referable DR.
Progression pattern of myopic maculopathy according to the severity of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy and choroidal thickness
Authors: Park Un Chul , Lee Eun Kyoung , Yoon Chang Ki , Oh Baek-Lok
Published: February 2022

This observational cohort study aimed to evaluate the progression pattern of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy (DCA) according to its severity. Highly myopic eyes with DCA were graded according to its extent in the 532-nm (green) and 633-nm (red) wavelengths images of the Optos ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscope at baseline: grade 1 and 2 were defined when increased reflectance at peripapillary region, not beyond the fovea, were observed in red laser image only and in both laser images, respectively; grade 3 and 4 were defined when increased reflectance beyond the fovea were observed in red laser image only and in both laser images, respectively. A total of 307 eyes (221 patients) were included, and progression of myopic maculopathy during follow-up of ≥ 3 years was evaluated. The mean visual acuity and subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) differed among DCA grades (P = 0.015 and P < 0.001); a higher DCA grade had worse visual acuity and thinner choroid. During follow-up, development of patchy atrophy (PA) was observed in 3.2%, 5.5%, 12.8%, and 23.2% (P < 0.001), while changes in lacquer crack (LC) and/or development of myopic macular neovascularization were observed in 20.6%, 29.1%, 33.3%, and 15.8% (P = 0.061) of 63, 110, 39, and 95 eyes with DCA grade of 1, 2, 3, and 4 at baseline, respectively. New LC formation tended to occur in eyes with thicker CT at baseline compared to PA development and progression of pre-existing LC. In highly myopic eyes with DCA, progression pattern of myopic maculopathy is different according to its severity and CT at baseline. Grading based on separated wavelength images of ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscope is useful to evaluate the severity and prognosis of DCA in Asian patients with high myopia.
Electrocochleography and cognition are important predictors of speech perception outcomes in noise for cochlear implant recipients
Authors: Walia Amit , Shew Matthew A. , Kallogjeri Dorina , Wick Cameron C. , Durakovic Nedim , Lefler Shannon M. , Ortmann Amanda J. , Herzog Jacques A. , Buchman Craig A.
Published: February 2022

Although significant progress has been made in understanding outcomes following cochlear implantation, predicting performance remains a challenge. Duration of hearing loss, age at implantation, and electrode positioning within the cochlea together explain ~ 25% of the variability in speech-perception scores in quiet using the cochlear implant (CI). Electrocochleography (ECochG) responses, prior to implantation, account for 47% of the variance in the same speech-perception measures. No study to date has explored CI performance in noise, a more realistic measure of natural listening. This study aimed to (1) validate ECochG total response (ECochG-TR) as a predictor of performance in quiet and (2) evaluate whether ECochG-TR explained variability in noise performance. Thirty-five adult CI recipients were enrolled with outcomes assessed at 3-months post-implantation. The results confirm previous studies showing a strong correlation of ECochG-TR with speech-perception in quiet (r = 0.77). ECochG-TR independently explained 34% of the variability in noise performance. Multivariate modeling using ECochG-TR and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores explained 60% of the variability in speech-perception in noise. Thus, ECochG-TR, a measure of the cochlear substrate prior to implantation, is necessary but not sufficient for explaining performance in noise. Rather, a cognitive measure is also needed to improve prediction of noise performance.
Publisher Correction: Application of moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method on retro-oil fluid using three-dimensional vitreous cavity models from magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Gozawa Makoto , Watanabe Naoki , Iwasaki Kentaro , Takamura Yoshihiro , Inatani Masaru
Published: February 2022

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Radiation damage allows identification of truly inherited zircon
Authors: Bjerga Anders , Stubseid Håvard Hallås , Pedersen Leif-Erik Rydland , Pedersen Rolf Birger
Published: February 2022

Many studies have reported U-Pb dates of zircon that are older than the igneous rocks that contain them, and they are therefore thought to be inherited from older rock complexes. Their presence has profound geodynamic implications and has been used to hypothesize about concealed micro-continents, continental crust beneath ocean islands, and recycling of continental material in the mantle beneath mid-ocean ridges. Here, we combine single zircon U-Pb dates and structural radiation damage determined by Raman spectroscopy from a Pliocene mid-ocean ridge gabbro and from Cenozoic igneous rocks to test whether radiation damage allows distinction between contamination and truly inherited zircon. We find that Precambrian zircon found in the Pliocene sample has accumulated substantially more radiation damage than could be explained if they had truly been inherited. In the Cenozoic samples, however, we find that the radiation damage of old grains corresponds with that of young magmatic zircon, suggesting they are genuinely inherited.
Hyaluronic acid–amphotericin B nanocomplexes: a promising anti-leishmanial drug delivery system
Authors: Silva-Carvalho R. , Leão T. , Bourbon A. I. , Gonçalves C. , Pastrana L. M. , Parpot P. , Amorim I. , Tomás A. M. , Gama F. M.
Published: February 2022

Hyaluronic acid-Amphotericin B self-assembled nanocomplexes obtained by a simple drug-polysaccharide non-covalent association in an amorphous state exhibit potent anti-leishmanial activity and can overcome drug toxicity.
Gold nanoparticle-catalysed functionalization of carbon–hydrogen bonds by carbene transfer reactions
Authors: Martínez-Laguna Jonathan , Mollar-Cuni Andrés , Ventura-Espinosa David , Martín Santiago , Caballero Ana , Mata Jose A. , Pérez Pedro J.
Published: February 2022

Gold nanoparticles stabilized by NHC ligands and supported onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO) catalyse the functionalization of cyclohexane and benzene C–H bonds upon insertion of carbene CHCO2Et (from N2CHCO2Et) groups.
Thermodynamically favored stable hydrogen storage reversibility of NaBH4 inside of bimetallic nanoporous carbon nanosheets
Authors: Chen Wei , Ju Shunlong , Sun Yahui , Zhang Tianren , Wang Juan , Ye Jikai , Xia Guanglin , Yu Xuebin
Published: February 2022

Thermodynamically favored reversible hydrogen storage of NaBH4 is developed via the reversible transformation between NiB/CoB and Ni2B/Co2B, leading to a significant decrease of Gibbs free energy change for the reversible hydrogen storage of NaBH4.
Plasmonic PHOLEDs: increasing OLED stability
Authors: Weaver Michael S. , Fusella Michael A. , Saramak Renata , Bushati Rezlind , Mundoor Haridas , Menon Vinod M. , Thompson Nicholas J. , Brown Julia J.
Published: February 2022

A novel organic light emitting device intentionally couples emitter energy to the plasmon mode for increased device stability and converts plasmons to photons to improve device efficiency.
Correction: Supramolecular copolymer modified statin-loaded discoidal rHDLs for atherosclerotic anti-inflammatory therapy by cholesterol efflux and M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Zhang Qiqi , He Jianhua , Xu Fengfei , Huang Xinya , Wang Yanyan , Zhang Wenli , Liu Jianping
Published: February 2022

Correction for ‘Supramolecular copolymer modified statin-loaded discoidal rHDLs for atherosclerotic anti-inflammatory therapy by cholesterol efflux and M2 macrophage polarization’ by Qiqi Zhang et al., Biomater. Sci., 2021, 9, 6153–6168, DOI: 10.1039/D1BM00610J.
The synthesis and structure–property relation analysis of metal chalcohalide crystals Cs2InPS4X2 (X = Cl, Br) with mixed anions
Authors: Tang Chunlan , Xing Wenhao , Wang Naizheng , Tang Jian , Lin Zheshuai , Wu Jieyun , Yin Wenlong , Kang Bin
Published: February 2022

Two novel metal chalcogenides Cs2InPS4X2 (X = Cl, Br) were successfully synthesized and exhibit large optical band gaps induced by the [InS4X2]7− mixed-anion groups.
Ti3C2Tx (MXene)/Pt nanoparticle electrode for the accurate detection of DA coexisting with AA and UA
Authors: Xue You , Zheng Yapeng , Wang Enhui , Yang Tao , Wang Hongyang , Hou Xinmei
Published: February 2022

AA has an interfering effect on the electrochemical detection of DA. This interference rule was effectively used as a tool for accurate detection of DA levels in human body.
Computational discovery of high charge mobility self-assembling π-conjugated peptides
Authors: Shmilovich Kirill , Yao Yifan , Tovar John D. , Katz Howard E. , Schleife André , Ferguson Andrew L.
Published: February 2022

Molecular dynamics simulation, electronic structure calculations, and charge mobility theory identify high charge mobility self-assembling π-conjugated peptides.
Complexation of specific residues by carboxylatopillar[6]arene for improving the zymolytic stability of arginine-containing peptides
Authors: Chen Longming , Meng Zhao , Tian Long , Zhang Yahan , Zhao Liang , Du Xinbei , Ma Mengke , Zhang Han , Chen Junyi , Meng Qingbin
Published: February 2022

A general strategy to counteract enzymatic degradation for enhancing the metabolic stability of peptides.
Recyclable and reusable ionic liquid-supported azo precursors in Mitsunobu reactions
Authors: Lin Cheng-Kun , Lee Wei , Wu Chun-Fu , Shih Fang-Yi
Published: February 2022

The presented work describes the first combination of a new and stable form of ionic liquid supported azo precursors and a terminal oxidant that show high reactivity toward Mitsunobu reactions.
Rh(iii)-Catalyzed cascade annulation to produce an N-acetyl chain of spiropyrroloisoquinoline derivatives
Authors: He Yuan , Zheng Jing , Dong Lin
Published: February 2022

A new rhodium(iii)-catalyzed multistep cascade spirocyclization approach was developed to synthesize a novel N-acetyl chain of spiropyrroloisoquinoline derivatives using oxadiazoles as the directing group.
Stimuli responsive asymmetric catalysis by triggered pseudo-enantiomeric proligand release
Authors: Spring Sam A. , Goggins Sean , Frost Christopher G.
Published: February 2022

Two ‘switch-on’ asymmetric catalytic cycles combined in one system, allowing for enantiocontrol via allosteric activation of pseudo-enantiomeric proligands and a ruthenium pre-catalyst.
Correction: Updates on hypervalent-iodine reagents: metal-free functionalisation of alkenes, alkynes and heterocycles
Authors: Dahiya Anjali , Sahoo Ashish Kumar , Chakraborty Nikita , Das Bubul , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: February 2022

Correction for ‘Updates on hypervalent-iodine reagents: metal-free functionalisation of alkenes, alkynes and heterocycles’ by Anjali Dahiya et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02233d.
Efficient and thermally stable broadband near-infrared emission from near zero thermal expansion AlP3O9:Cr3+phosphors
Authors: Huang Decai , He Xianguo , Zhang Jingrong , Hu Jie , Liang Sisi , Chen Dejian , Xu Kunyuan , Zhu Haomiao
Published: February 2022

A near zero thermal expansion NIR phosphor, AlP3O9:Cr3+, with high emission efficiency and excellent thermal stability is synthesized. A compact NIR pc-LED is fabricated and has a promising application in advanced nondestructive analysis technology.
Correction: A review on advancements in carbon quantum dots and their application in photovoltaics
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Dua Shweta , Kaur Ravinder , Kumar Mahesh , Bhatt Geeta
Published: February 2022

Correction for ‘A review on advancements in carbon quantum dots and their application in photovoltaics’ by Pawan Kumar et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 4714–4759, DOI: 10.1039/D1RA08452F
Ultrahigh energy harvesting properties in temperature-insensitive eco-friendly high-performance KNN-based textured ceramics
Authors: Lin Jinfeng , Cao Yingbo , Zhu Kun , Yan Fei , Shi Cheng , Bai Hairui , Ge Guanglong , Yang Jing , Yang Weiwei , shi Yunjing , Li Guohui , Zeng Huarong , Zhai Jiwei
Published: February 2022

Through the simultaneous use of composite design and template grain growth technology, the comprehensive performance of KNN-based piezoelectric ceramics has been significantly improvedviathe synergy of the textured structure and multiphase coexistence.
A periphery hindered strategy with a dopant and sensitizer for solution-processed red TSF-OLEDs with high color purity
Authors: Zhao Guimin , Zhou Renyin , Zhang Guanghao , Chen Haowen , Ma Daiyu , Tian Wenwen , Jiang Wei , Sun Yueming
Published: February 2022

A peripheral protection strategy to obtain a TADF sensitizer and a conventional fluorescent dopant achieved suppressive intermolecular quenching and an efficient FET process, allowing solution-processed red TSF OLEDs with high color purity.
AHRNN: Attention‐Based Hybrid Robust Neural Network for emotion recognition
Authors: Xu Ke , Liu Bin , Tao Jianhua , Lv Zhao , Fan Cunhang , Song Leichao
Published: February 2022

In order to solve the problem that the existing methods cannot effectively capture the semantic emotion of the sentence when faced with the lack of cross‐language corpus, it is difficult to effectively perform cross‐language sentiment analysis, we propose a neural network architecture called the Attention‐Based Hybrid Robust Neural Network. The proposed architecture includes pre‐trained word embedding with fine‐tuning training to obtain prior semantic information, two sub‐networks and attention mechanism to capture the global semantic emotional information in the text, and a fully connected layer and softmax function to jointly perform final emotional classification. The Convolutional Neural Networks sub‐network captures the local semantic emotional information of the text, the BiLSTM sub‐network captures the contextual semantic emotional information of the text, and the attention mechanism dynamically integrates the semantic emotional information to obtain key emotional information. We conduct experiments on Chinese (International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing) and English (SST) datasets. The experiment is divided into three subtasks to evaluate the superiority of our method. It improves the recognition accuracy of single sentence positive/negative classification from 79% to 86% in the single‐language emotion recognition task. The recognition performance of fine‐grained emotional tags is also improved by 9.6%. The recognition accuracy of cross‐language emotion recognition tasks has also been improved by 1.5%. Even in the face of faulty data, the performance of our model is not significantly reduced when the error rate is less than 20%. These experimental results prove the superiority of our method.
Dynamic modelling of ice‐based thermal energy storage for cooling applications
Authors: Bastida Hector , Ugalde‐Loo Carlos E. , Abeysekera Muditha , Jenkins Nick
Published: February 2022

The development of accurate dynamic models of thermal energy storage (TES) units is important for their effective operation within cooling systems. This paper presents a one‐dimensional discretised dynamic model of an ice‐based TES tank. Simplicity and portability are key attributes of the presented model as they enable its implementation in any programing language which would, in turn, facilitate the simulation and analysis of complex cooling systems. The model considers three main components: energy balance, definition of the specific heat curve, and calculation of the overall heat transfer coefficient. An advantage of the model is that it can be adapted to other types of TES units employing phase change materials. The modelling approach assumes equal flow and temperature distribution in the tank and considers two internal tubes only to represent the whole tank—significantly reducing the number of equations required and thus the computation time. Thermophysical properties of water during the phase change and of the heat transfer fluid are captured. The ice‐based TES tank model has been implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. A good agreement between simulation results and experimental data available in the literature has been achieved—providing confidence in the validity of the mathematical model.
The molecular gas resolved by ALMA in the low-metallicity merging dwarf galaxy Haro 11
Authors: Gao Yulong , Gu Qiusheng , Shi Yong , Zhou Luwenjia , Bao Min , Yu Xiaoling , Zhang Zhi-Yu , Wang Tao , Madden Suzanne C. , Hayes Matthew , Lu Shiying , Xu Ke
Published: February 2022

Context.The physical mechanisms driving starbursts and quenching in less massive (M* ≤ 1010 M⊙) galaxies are unclear. The merger is one of the inescapable processes referred to as both starburst and quenching in massive galaxies. However, the effects of the merger on star formation in dwarf galaxies and their evolution are still uncertain.

Aims.We aim to explore how star formation in dwarf galaxies is both triggered and quenched by studying metal-poor gas-rich dwarf mergers based on multi-band observations at a spatial resolution of ∼460 pc.

Methods.We use archival data of Atacama Large Millimetre Array (Band 3 and 8) and Very Large Telescope/Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer to map CO(J = 1–0), [CI](3P1–3P0), and Hαemission in one of the most extreme merging starburst dwarf galaxies, Haro 11.

Results.We find the molecular gas is assembled around the central two star-forming regions (knots B and C). The molecular and ionized gas and stellar components show complex kinematics, indicating that the gas is probably at a combined stage of collision of clouds and feedback from star formation. The peak location and distribution of [CI](1–0) closely coincide with the CO(1–0) emission, meaning that it might trace the same molecular gas as CO in such a dwarf merger starburst galaxy. The enhancement of line ratios (∼0.5) of [CI]/CO around knot C is probably generated by the dissociation of CO molecules by cosmic rays and far-ultraviolet photons. Globally, Haro 11 and its star-forming regions share similar star formation efficiency (SFE) to the high-zstarburst galaxies or the clumps in nearby ultraluminous infrared galaxies.

Conclusions.Given the high SFE, the high specific star formation rate, small stellar mass, low metallicity, and deficient HI gas, Haro 11 could be an analog of a high-zdwarf starburst and the potential progenitor of the nearby less massive elliptical galaxies. The significantly smaller turbulent pressure and viral parameter is probably triggering the intense starbursts. We predict that Haro 11 will quench atM* ≤ 8.5  ×  109 M⊙.
Methodology for estimating the magnetic Prandtl number and application to solar surface small-scale dynamo simulations
Authors: Riva F. , Steiner O.
Published: February 2022

Context. A crucial step in the numerical investigation of small-scale dynamos in the solar atmosphere consists of an accurate determination of the magnetic Prandtl number, Prm, stemming from radiative magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations.

Aims. The aims are to provide a reliable methodology for estimating the effective Reynolds and magnetic Reynolds numbers, Re and Rem, and their ratio Prm = Rem/Re (the magnetic Prandlt number), that characterise MHD simulations and to categorise small-scale dynamo simulations in terms of these dimensionless parameters.

Methods. The methodology proposed for computing Re and Rem is based on the method of projection on proper elements and it relies on a post-processing step carried out using higher order accurate numerical operators than the ones in the simulation code. A number of radiative MHD simulations with different effective viscosities and plasma resistivities were carried out with the CO5BOLD code, and the resulting growth rate of the magnetic energy and saturated magnetic field strengths were characterised in terms of Re and Rem.

Results. Overall, the proposed methodology provides a solid estimate of the dissipation coefficients affecting the momentum and induction equations of MHD simulation codes, and consequently also a reliable evaluation of the magnetic Prandtl number characterising the numerical results. Additionally, it is found that small-scale dynamos are active and can amplify a small seed magnetic field up to significant values in CO5BOLD simulations with a grid spacing smaller than h = 12 km, even at Prm ≃ 0.65. However, it is also evident that it is difficult to categorise dynamo simulations in terms of Prm alone, because it is not only important to estimate the amplitude of the dissipation coefficients, but also at which scales energy dissipation takes place.
The first ground-level enhancement of solar cycle 25 on 28 October 2021
Authors: Papaioannou A. , Kouloumvakos A. , Mishev A. , Vainio R. , Usoskin I. , Herbst K. , Rouillard A. P. , Anastasiadis A. , Gieseler J. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. , Kühl P.
Published: February 2022

Aims. The first relativistic solar proton event of solar cycle 25 was detected on 28 October 2021 by neutron monitors (NMs) on the ground and particle detectors on board spacecraft in near-Earth space. This is the first ground-level enhancement (GLE) of the current cycle. A detailed reconstruction of the NM response together with the identification of the solar eruption that generated these particles is investigated based on in situ and remote-sensing measurements.

Methods. In situ proton observations from a few MeV to ∼500 MeV were combined with the detection of a solar flare in soft X-rays, a coronal mass ejection, radio bursts, and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations to identify the solar origin of the GLE. Timing analysis was performed, and a relation to the solar sources was outlined.

Results. GLE73 reached a maximum particle rigidity of ∼2.4 GV and is associated with type III, type II, and type IV radio bursts and an EUV wave. A diversity of time profiles recorded by NMs was observed. This points to the event having an anisotropic nature. The peak flux at E > 10 MeV was only ∼30 pfu and remained at this level for several days. The release time of ≥1 GV particles was found to be ∼15:40 UT. GLE73 had a moderately hard rigidity spectrum at very high energies (γ ∼ 5.5). Comparison of GLE73 to previous GLEs with similar solar drivers is performed.
Impact analysis of temperature and humidity effects on polishing
Authors: Benisch Michael F. , Liebl Johannes , Bogner Werner , Fähnle Oliver , Rädlein Edda
Published: February 2022

The polishing process for optical glass is one with intertwined chemical and mechanical processes.
The aim of the present study is to verify whether control of these factors can be used to improve the efficiency
of the polishing process.
Resource allocation for supply chains based on Pareto-optimal two-stage cross-efficiency model
Authors: Zhao Yuanyuan , Fang Lei
Published: February 2022

The contradiction between the scarcity of common resources and the infinity of human demand for these resources has a significant impact on social development. Therefore, resource allocation can make the best use of limited resources in economic activities. Taking the two-stage supply chain where the outputs from the upstream supplier are taken as the inputs for the downstream manufacturer as an example, this paper applies the cross-efficiency model to comprehensively evaluate the efficiency scores of supply chains in the process of resource allocation and explores the relationship between the cross-efficiency of the supply chain and that of two enterprises within this supply chain. Furthermore, the self-interested behavior of enterprises is taken as the Pareto improvement principle to propose a Pareto-optimal two-stage cross-efficiency model, and this model can be used to optimally allocate the limited resources among two-stage supply chains. A common set of weights is determined to make all supply chains DEA efficient. Finally, the proposed model is illustrated to be feasible and effective through a practical application of 27 Iranian resin production companies.
Neuraltherapie im Sport
Authors: Wander Rainer
Published: February 2022

Bei der lokalen Segmenttherapie werden schmerzhafte oder verletzte Strukturen im spinalen Segment mit einem Lokalanästhetikum, vorzugsweise Procain, therapiert. Können die Beschwerden so nicht gelindert werden, muss man an eine aus der Ferne agierende Irritation aus einem Störfeld denken, denn alle Erkrankungen werden im segmental-reflektorischen Komplex verschaltet. Ist ein Segment gereizt, werden alle anderen ebenfalls in einen Reizzustand versetzt. Die Ausbreitungswege der Störfelder sind heute bekannt und mittels Manualtherapie korrigierbar. Sehr häufig gehen die Reize von Nasennebenhöhlen, Zähnen und Tonsillen aus, im Beckenbereich von der Prostata oder den weiblichen Unterleibsorganen. Die Störfelder aus Kopf oder Becken initiieren dann jeweils eine auf- oder absteigende Kettenreaktion. Unbehandelt kann dies in einem Störfeldcharakter resultieren. Besonders bei Erkrankungen des Bewegungsapparats handelt es sich nicht um die primären Erkrankungen, sondern um die Folge von Störfeldern.
Sport und Omega-3-Fettsäuren
Authors: Schmiedel Volker
Published: February 2022

Omega-3-Fettsäuren sind mehrfach ungesättigte Fettsäuren mit der ersten Doppelbindung an der dritten Bindung vom Omega-Ende aus.

Omega-3-Fettsäuren (in der Folge mit Omega-3 abgekürzt) haben vielfältige Effekte auf unsere Gesundheit. Stand 6.12.2021 findet man bei PubMed allein für 2021 über 100 systematische Reviews zu Omega-3-Fettsäuren zu unterschiedlichsten Themen wie entzündliche Darmerkrankungen 1, Depression und Angst 2, kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen (hier nur Effekte bei höheren Dosen) 3, Multiple Sklerose 4 u. v. m., die praktisch alle positive Effekte von Omega-3 ergeben haben.
Histopathologische Analyse des Tendinosegrades nach Transplantatversagen vorderer Kreuzbandplastiken
Authors: Weinert Katja , Holzhausen Hans-Jürgen , Bartels Thomas , Spahn Gunter , Hofmann Gunter O.
Published: February 2022

Einleitung Die nach der Transplantation ablaufenden Umbauprozesse im Sehnengewebe einer vorderen Kreuzbandplastik beeinflussen die biomechanischen Eigenschaften des operierten Knies
unmittelbar. Die histopathologischen Veränderungen im insuffizienten Kreuzbandtransplantat sind wenig erforscht.

Zielsetzung Im Mittelpunkt der Arbeit stand die Untersuchung von insuffizienten vorderen Kreuzbandplastiken auf das Vorliegen und Ausmaß von Texturstörungen im Sinne einer Tendinose
(low-grade bzw. high-grade). Diese wurden im Kontext zur Transplantatart, zu dem subjektiven Beschwerde- und arthroskopischen Erscheinungsbild, dem Traumamechanismus sowie dem zeitlichen
Verlauf des Transplantatversagens betrachtet.

Material und Methoden Bei der Revisionsoperation entnommene, insuffiziente vordere Kreuzbandplastiken von 30 Patient*innen wurden histopathologisch hinsichtlich des Vorliegens von
Texturstörungen untersucht. Die Einteilung der Tendinose in low-grade bzw. high-grade erfolgte anhand von 5 qualitativen Kriterien semiquantitativ. Zur Erhebung patientenspezifischer Daten
fand ein standardisierter Fragebogen und zur Evaluation des Transplantates intraoperativ der Marburger Arthroskopiescore Verwendung.

Ergebnis Alle untersuchten insuffizienten Kreuzbandtransplantate waren histologisch vital und wiesen bis auf zwei Ausnahmen Strukturstörungen entsprechend einer Tendinose,
überwiegend high-grade, auf. Ein direkter Zusammenhang von Tendinosegrad zur gewählten Transplantatart, dem Beschwerdebild (bis auf Instabilität) und dem zeitlichen Verlauf des
Transplantatversagens, dem Traumamechanismus oder dem arthroskopischen Erscheinungsbild der insuffizienten Plastik war anhand der untersuchten Kohorte nicht zu beweisen. Es fiel eine Häufung
der high-grade Tendinose in Hamstringtransplantaten, bei Patient*innen mit Kniebeschwerden in Form einer Instabilität und zwischen 1 bis 5 Jahre postoperativ auf.

Zusammenfassung Im Sehnengewebe insuffizienter Kreuzbandplastiken waren bei Vorliegen vitaler Zellstrukturen Texturstörungen von unterschiedlicher gradueller Ausprägung im Sinne
einer low- bzw. high-grade Tendinose feststellbar. Dies lässt eine repetitive Mikrotraumatisierung des Transplantates vermuten. Der konkrete Einfluss einer Tendinose auf das Auftreten einer
Transplantatinsuffizienz bleibt noch unklar.
Thrombophilia, Thrombosis and Thromboprophylaxis in Pregnancy: For What and in Whom?
Authors: Middeldorp Saskia , Naue Christiane , Köhler Christina
Published: February 2022

Compared with nonpregnant women, pregnancy carries a four- to fivefold higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite increasing use of heparin prophylaxis in identified high-risk patients, pulmonary embolism still is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the western world. However, evidence on optimal use of thromboprophylaxis is scarce. Thrombophilia, the hereditary or acquired tendency to develop VTE, is also thought to be associated with complications in pregnancy, such as recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia. In this review, the current evidence on optimal thromboprophylaxis in pregnancy is discussed, focusing primarily on VTE prevention strategies but also discussing the potential to prevent recurrent pregnancy complications with heparin in pregnant women with thrombophilia.
Psychopathologie und Theorie von
Wahrnehmungsstörungen
Authors: Kramer Marco , Juckel Georg , Mavrogiorgou Paraskevi
Published: February 2022

Die aktuellen Klassifikationssysteme zur Einordung psychiatrischer
Störungsbilder gehen primär von einer kategorialen Typologie aus
und beschreiben diese als distinkte nosologische Entitäten. Eine eher
dimensionale Betrachtungsweise erlaubt hingegen die Beschreibung eines
graduierten Übergangs zwischen Pathologien wie auch zwischen
Normalität und Pathologie von psychischen Phänomenen und
Symptomen . Am Beispiel der akustischen Halluzinationen als häufigste
Form der Wahrnehmungsstörungen werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit
psychiatrisch-psychopathologische und theoretische Standpunkte für das
Für und Wider einer dimensionalen Einordnung psychischer Symptomatik
skizziert. Trotz der bestehenden und kontrovers diskutierenden Zweifel an der
Gleichartigkeit von realen Wahrnehmungen und akustischen Halluzinationen
zugrundeliegenden mentalen Ereignisse, finden sich viele Hinweise für
ein Kontinuum halluzinatorischer Symptome in der psychisch gesunden
Bevölkerung bis hin zu schizophrenen Patienten. Studien, welche die
neurophysiologischen Mechanismen akustischer Halluzinationen auch bei gesunden
Probanden mit Stimmenhören im Vergleich zu schizophrenen Patienten
untersuchen, könnten zur weiteren Differenzierung beitragen.
Bewerbertsunami – Moderne Personalakquise
Authors: Liers Jessica , Bargfrede Jan
Published: February 2022

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The Impact on Dental Staining Caused by Beverages in Combination with Chlorhexidine Digluconate
Authors: Sarembe Sandra , Kiesow Andreas , Pratten Jonathan , Webster Corinne
Published: February 2022

Objectives There are several hypotheses regarding how chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate causes staining with the role of beverages, specifically the precipitation of anionic dietary chromogens onto adsorbed cations, the most probable cause. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the staining potential of common beverages using an in vitro staining and brushing model to better understand the interactions between chromogens from different beverage categories and the teeth.

Materials and Methods Human enamel samples were exposed to a cyclic treatment of artificial saliva and 0.2% CHX mouthwash combined with a range of beverages, with and without brushing, simulating a period equivalent to 2 weeks. Eleven beverages were tested: diet coke, diet lemonade, white wine, red wine, lager beer, black tea, coffee, black tea with milk, coffee with milk, ginger and lemon infusion, and water. Toothbrushing was performed in a brushing simulator with toothpaste and also with water. Colorimetric differences were determined by ΔE using a VITA Easyshade dental spectrophotometer. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference test and Levene's test.

Results Black tea and red wine produced highest staining, which agrees with the literature. Significant staining was also observed for a ginger and lemon infusion, coffee, coffee with milk, tea with milk, and lager beer compared with water (p < 0.05). The staining potential of diet coke in combination with brushing appeared to be connected to its low pH. Both white wine and diet lemonade produced stain comparable to the water control. After treatment with high staining beverages, scanning electron microscope evaluation confirmed the formation of a surface layer. The mechanical resistance of the stain differed depending on the beverage, black tea stain was the most resistant. The addition of milk to tea and coffee considerably modified the stain layer and the adhesion to the tooth surface.

Conclusion The data may help demonstrate that appropriate user guidance can avoid stain and in turn help improve user compliance during short-term use of this gold standard antimicrobial treatment.
Improving Preoperative Communication and First Case On-Time Starts with the Surgical Flight Plan: A Pilot Study
Authors: Falola Reuben A. , Rodriguez-Unda Nelson A. , Probe Robert A. , Papaconstantinou Harry T. , Saint-Cyr Michel H. , Altman Andrew M.
Published: February 2022

Background Closed-loop communication is essential for managing a diverse surgical team. When new or unfamiliar members are present, as is common in shift-based perioperative care, challenges to effective communication can arise.

Methods We introduced the Surgical Flight Plan (SFP), a novel communication tool that informs surgical team members on procedural details in advance of surgery, at our tertiary academic center. The tool was made available in the electronic health record prior to surgery. The primary outcome assessed after application of the SFP was “patient-in-room to incision time.” The secondary outcome was “improvement of communication in surgical teams” as assessed by a standardized (10-item) preintervention survey and a follow-up postintervention survey, given 3 months later. Data were gathered using Redcap software and statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4, significance was set at p-value less than 0.05

Results Thirty-six first-start, operative plastic surgery cases were included for the analysis (20 pre- and 16 postintervention). The average time from patient-in-room to surgical time out were 59.15 and 48.69 minutes pre-/postintervention respectively (p < .0437). Sixty-one members of the surgical team responded to the survey, with the majority citing improved team communication.

Conclusion The SFP significantly improved first case on-time starts (FCOTS) and may improve surgical team communication, efficiency, safety, and overall patient care. Expanding the use of the instrument into other surgical specialties is needed to further validate its efficacy.
A Meta-analysis of Surgical Interventions for Base of Thumb Arthritis
Authors: Challoumas Dimitris , Murray Elspeth , Ng Nigel , Putti Amit , Millar Neal
Published: February 2022

Background There is a myriad of available surgical options for thumb carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) arthritis and no robust evidence exists to guide the decisions of treating surgeons. Our aim was to assess the comparative effectiveness of different surgical interventions available for the treatment of thumb CMCJ arthritis.

Methods We performed a systematic review, pairwise, and network meta-analysis of all randomized studies comparing surgical interventions for thumb CMCJ arthritis. Our primary outcomes were pain, function, and key pinch strength at long-term follow-up (> 6 months). Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed for each outcome measure of compared interventions separately. Clinical recommendations were based on evidence of strong or moderate certainty.

Results A total of 17 randomized studies were included in the systematic review. Where possible, pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed. Based on evidence of moderate certainty, trapeziectomy with a concomitant ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition (LRTI) does not appear to be associated with any long-term clinical benefits compared with simple trapeziectomy (function: mean difference [MD] –3.72 [–9.15, 1.71], p = 0.64 favoring simple trapeziectomy; key pinch strength: MD 0.07 kg [–0.28, 0.43], p = 0.68 favoring trapeziectomy with LRTI). Treatment rankings from the network meta-analysis favored trapeziectomy with and without LRTI, joint replacement, and arthrodesis. Trapeziectomy with LRTI appears to be associated with fewer major complications compared with joint replacement and arthrodesis, and more minor complications compared with simple trapeziectomy.

Conclusion Until further high-quality research indicates otherwise, simple trapeziectomy should be the preferred surgical modality for base of the thumb arthritis.

Level of Evidence This is a Level 1 study.
Outcomes following Distal Radioulnar Joint Arthroplasty in the Setting of Total or Partial Wrist Fusion
Authors: Amundsen Asgeir , Rizzo Marco , Berger Richard , Frihagen Frede , Moran Steven L.
Published: February 2022

Purpose To evaluate the functional outcome and complications following primary ulnar head or total distal radial ulnar joint (DRUJ) arthroplasty in patients who have a partial or total wrist fusion.

Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 33 primary DRUJ implants in 31 patients who had a partial or total wrist fusion. Follow-up time averaged 67 months. There were 11 partial and 22 total wrist fusions with 22 ulnar head prosthesis and 11 total DRUJ implants. The mean age of the patients was 49 years. Eighty-one percent had previous surgeries with an average number of 4.6 previous wrist procedures. Pre- and postoperative pain levels were recorded. Mayo Wrist Scores were calculated. Grip strength, range of motion (ROM), and post-operative complications were noted.

Results The pain scores improved in 67% of the patients. The Mayo Wrist Score improved significantly from a mean of 39 preoperatively to 51 postoperatively. The grip strength and pro-supination remained stable. The wrist ROM also remained stable in the patients with partial wrist fusions. During the follow-up period, 10 (30%) of the DRUJ implants were explanted, with a trend toward higher explantation rates in total wrist fusions with one in the partial fusion group and nine in the total wrist fusion group. Four of the explantations happened in the first postoperative year. Nineteen (61%) of the patients required a second surgery for a DRUJ implant-related complication; this rate was similar between the partial and total fusion groups.

Conclusions DRUJ replacement resulted in improved pain scores and Mayo wrist scores in the majority of patients; however, the combination of primary DRUJ arthroplasty and total wrist fusion was associated with high complication rates. Surgeons should be aware of the high complication rate seen with DRUJ arthroplasty when combined with total wrist fusion.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Patient-Requested Corrections to the Medical Record through Use of a Patient Portal: Findings from a National Survey
Authors: Nguyen Oliver T. , Hong Young-Rock , Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Hanna Karim , Turner Kea
Published: February 2022

Background Providing patients with medical records access is one strategy that health systems can utilize to reduce medical errors. However, how often patients request corrections to their records on a national scale is unknown.

Objectives We aimed to develop population-level estimates of patients who request corrections to their medical records using national-level data. We also identified patient-level correlates of requesting corrections.

Methods We used the 2017 and 2019 Health Information National Trends Survey and examined all patient portal adopters. We applied jackknife replicate weights to develop population-representative estimates of the prevalence of requesting medical record corrections. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify correlates of requesting corrections while controlling for demographic factors, health care utilization patterns, health status, technology/internet use patterns, and year.

Results Across 1,657 respondents, 125 (weighted estimate: 6.5%) reported requesting corrections to their medical records. In unadjusted models, greater odds of requesting corrections were observed among patients who reported their race/ethnicity as non-Hispanic black (odds ratio [OR]: 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–4.43), had frequent portal visits (OR: 3.92, 95% CI: 1.51–10.23), and had entered data into the portal (OR: 7.51, 95% CI: 4.08–13.81). In adjusted models, we found greater odds of requesting corrections among those who reported frequent portal visits (OR: 3.39, 95% CI: 1.24–9.33) and those who reported entering data into the portal (OR: 6.43, 95% CI: 3.20–12.94). No other significant differences were observed.

Conclusion Prior to the Information Blocking Final Rule in April 2021, approximately 6.5% of patients requested corrections of errors in their medical records at the national level. Those who reported higher engagement with their health, as proxied by portal visit frequency and entering data into the portal, were more likely to request corrections.
Liquid crystal tuning controls resonances in metallic nanoparticle arrays
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: February 2022

Arrays of metallic nanoparticles can form an optical cavity tunable by liquid crystals
Simultaneous capacitive deionisation and disinfection of saltwater by Ag@C/rGO electrodes
Authors: Chang W.-T. , Chen P.-A. , Chen W.-R. , Liu S.-H. , Wang H. Paul
Published: February 2022

Environmental context Deionisation of salt waters is of increasing importance and interest mainly due to the scarcity of fresh water. In a single through pass capacitive deionisation, a relatively high electrosorption efficiency (25%) was observed. Simultaneously, a high disinfection efficiency (97%) was also obtained. This study shows that the new Ag@C/rGO electrodes are feasible for simultaneous deionisation and disinfection of saltwater as a potential source of drinking water. Abstract Capacitive deionisation (CDI) of saltwater, with the advantages of low energy consumption and being environmentally friendly, has been considered a potential solution to the scarcity of fresh water from sea, contaminated or waste waters. In the present work, Ag@C core-shell nanoparticle dispersed rGO (Ag@C/rGO) electrodes were synthesised and used for the CDI of saltwater. To better understand the formation mechanism of the Ag@C core-shell nanoparticles, temperature-programmed carbonisation of the Ag+–β-cyclodextrin complexes was studied by in situ synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy. At 573 K, the core Ag metal forms Ag@C core-shell nanoparticles with the highest probability nanosizes of 40–80 nm. In the 4-cycle flow-by CDI (once through) experiments using the Ag@C/GO electrodes, high electrosorption efficiencies (25.0–44.9%) were obtained. Each CDI cycle involving electrosorption at 1.2 V and regeneration at 0 V for 1 h was highly reversible. In addition, the disinfection efficiency of the Ag@C/rGO electrodes, contributed by both silver and rGO, was very high (>97%). This study shows that the easily synthesised Ag@C/rGO core-shell carbon-based electrodes are feasible for simultaneous deionisation and disinfection of saltwater as a potential source of drinking water.
In operando visualization of redox flow battery in membrane-free microfluidic platform
Authors: Park Hyungjoo , Kwon Giyun , Lee Hyomin , Lee Kyunam , Park Soo Young , Kwon Ji Eon , Kang Kisuk , Kim Sung Jae
Published: February 2022

Significance

The current study investigates fundamentals of electrochemical reactions using the membrane-free redox flow battery (RFB) platform with a laminar strategy and colorimetry of multiredox organic molecules. Taking advantage of unique color changes of electrolytes depending on the state of charge, we analyze the electrochemical kinetics of the RFB system in terms of charge and mass transfer. It is verified that a balanced rate of charge and mass transfer significantly affects the battery performance. Furthermore, a classical physicochemical hydrodynamic equation is adopted for scaling analysis of the depletion region deteriorating battery performance. We successfully integrate analytical, numerical, and experimental data for elucidating the depletion region. Based on these fundamental studies, finally, a favorable design is suggested for performance enhancement.
A bisentential syntax for a/bare finite complements in South Italian varieties
Authors: Manzini Maria Rita , Lorusso Paolo
Published: February 2022

In South Italian varieties of Apulia, Calabria and Sicily a restricted number of control/raising verbs, including stay/be, go, come and want embed finite complements, either bare or introduced by a. These are not necessarily languages with so-called subjunctive particles; in any event, the latter have a different form. Under monoclausal analyses, verbs like stay/be, go etc. are functional heads embedding an inflected predicate. Here we adopt a biclausal analysis under which embedding under stay/be, go etc. is a normal clausal embedding. We argue that the biclausal analysis is not only feasible, but also advantageous, from a morphosyntactic point of view. Focusing on the progressive, we also consider whether the bisentential analysis is compatible with semantic interpretation and how it fares in a typological perspective.