bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reduced seismic activity after mega earthquakes
Authors: Zhang Yongwen , Elbaz Maor , Havlin Shlomo , Ashkenazy Yosef
Published: June 2024

Mainshocks are often followed by increased earthquake activity (aftershocks). According to the Omori-Utsu law, the rate of aftershocks decays as a power law over time. While aftershocks typically occur in the vicinity of the mainshock, previous studies have suggested that mainshocks can also trigger earthquakes in remote locations, beyond the range of aftershocks. Here we analyze the rate of earthquakes that occurred after mega-earthquakes (with a magnitude of 7.5 or higher) and show that there is a significantly higher occurrence of mega-earthquakes that are followed by reduced activity beyond a certain distance from the epicenter compared to the expected frequency; the results are based on statistical tests we developed. However, the remote earthquake rate after the strongest earthquakes (magnitude ≥8) can also be significantly higher than the expected rate. Comparing our findings to the global Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence model, we find that the model does not capture the above findings, hinting at a potential missing mechanism. We suggest that the reduced earthquake rate is due to the release of global energy/tension after substantial mainshock events. This conjecture holds the potential to enhance our comprehension of the intricacies governing post-seismic activity.
Heavy magnesium isotopic signatures in arc lavas may be attributed to dehydration of subducting hydrated mantle
Authors: Deng Xin , Chen Yi-Xiang , Wang Wenzhong , Li Yonghui , Xiao Zicong , Wu Zhongqing
Published: June 2024

Fluids released from subducting slabs profoundly affect mantle composition, rock melting points, and arc magma generation. However, identifying fluid sources (sediments, crust, or mantle) and their ascent paths remains challenging. Magnesium isotopes are potential tracers for subduction-related fluids, though their behavior during hydrous peridotite dehydration remains unclear. Here we determined the equilibrium magnesium isotope fractionation factors between aqueous fluids and hydrous peridotitic minerals using first-principles calculations. Aqueous fluids prefer heavy magnesium isotopes relative to mantle silicate minerals, indicating that fluids released during hydrous peridotite dehydration are enriched in heavy magnesium isotopes relative to the residual minerals. Our simulations proposed that magnesium isotope variations in arc lavas from different subduction zones could be attributed to different dehydration reactions influenced by subduction zone thermal structures. This study highlights the potential of magnesium isotopes for tracing fluids originating from subducting hydrated mantle, providing insights into the thermal structure of various subduction zones.
X-ray activated near-infrared persistent luminescence nanoparticles for trimodality in vivo imaging
Authors: Wang Jinyuan , Sun Xia , Xu Jixuan , Liu Lin , Lin Peng , Luo Xiaofang , Gao Yan , Shi Junpeng , Zhang Yun
Published: June 2024

A novel nanoparticle combines the trimodal benefits of X-ray reactivated PersL, CT and MR imaging and is suitable for single or combined applications that require high sensitivity and spatial resolution imaging.
Rh(iii)-catalyzed atroposelective C–H alkynylation of 1-aryl isoquinolines with hypervalent iodine–alkyne reagents
Authors: Zheng Dong-Song , Zhao Fangnuo , Gu Qing , You Shu-Li
Published: June 2024

Rh(iii)-catalyzed atroposelective C–H alkynylation with hypervalent iodine–alkyne reagents has been developed to afford axially chiral alkynylated isoquinolines.
P(v)-bis(amidophenolate) ligand cooperation: stoichiometric CO-bond cleavage in aldehydes and ketones
Authors: Karnbrock Simon B. H. , Golz Christopher , Alcarazo Manuel
Published: June 2024

The cleavage of the CO bond of aldehydes and ketones is achieved by the cooperation of a highly electrophilic P(v)-centre and its supporting tetradentate bis(amidophenolate) ligand.
BlueP encapsulated Janus MoSSe as a promising heterostructure anode material for LIBs
Authors: Barik Gayatree , Pal Sourav
Published: June 2024

In this work, the significance of BlueP–Janus MoSSe heterostructures in LIBs is explored in detail by using density functional theory calculations.
Revisiting the thermal decomposition mechanism of MAPbI3
Authors: Yang Weijie , Shi Ruiyang , Lu Huan , Liu Kailong , Yan Qingqi , Bai Yang , Ding Xunlei , Li Hao , Gao Zhengyang
Published: June 2024

We revisited the thermal decomposition mechanism of MAPbI3 by combining in situ experiments and theoretical computations.
Quinoxaline-based nonfullerene acceptors with powerful core-functionalization ability enabling efficient solar energy utilization
Authors: Liu Kerui , Jiang Yuanyuan , Liu Feng , Zhu Xiaozhang
Published: June 2024

Quinoxaline-based nonfullerene acceptors show highly tunable photoelectric properties and superior performance for sunlight utilization enabled by their powerful core-functionalization ability.
Cu-containing polyoxometalate-based melamine in the environmental remediation of toxic organic pollutants
Authors: Aramesh Nahal , Yadollahi Bahram
Published: June 2024

Green, simple, and efficient synthesis of transition metal substituted Keggin-type polyoxometalates-based melamine and their application in the catalytic reduction of some toxic pollutants such as nitro aromatic compounds and organic dyes.
Phase transitions in CsPbBr3: evaluating perovskite behavior over different time scales
Authors: Farigliano Lucas Martin , Negreiros Ribeiro Fabio , Dalpian Gustavo Martini
Published: June 2024

Tracking the soft dynamic nature of halide perovskites is challenging. Theoretical calculations and experiment comparisons are complex. We discuss how different strategies for calculating averages in AIMD can be tuned to specific measurements.
Copper selective 8-aminoquinoline based tetradentate chelators as anticancer agents
Authors: Guan Yingzhen , Nguyen Michel , Robert Anne , Liu Yan , Meunier Bernard
Published: June 2024

The copper chelator TDMQ20 inhibits proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Its mechanism, maybe driven by the coordination chemistry of copper, involves intracellular production of reactive oxygen species and induction of tumor cell apoptosis.
Effervescent tablet-enhanced acidic ionic liquid-assisted in situ solvent formation magnetic solid-phase extraction for the detection of three phenolic pesticides in four kinds of crop flour samples
Authors: Bian Chang , Liu Yu , Li Zhenghao , Wang Xuedong , Gao Ming
Published: June 2024

Effervescent tablet-assisted acidic ionic liquid-based in situ solvent formation magnetic solid-phase extraction is convenient, efficient and environmental-friendly.
Power-law intermittency in the gradient-induced self-propulsion of colloidal swimmers
Authors: Oikonomeas-Koppasis Nick , Ketzetzi Stefania , Kraft Daniela J. , Schall Peter
Published: June 2024

Active colloidal microswimmers serve as archetypical active fluid systems, and as models for biological swimmers.
Tungstic acid integrated metal–organic frameworks for efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Huang Zicheng , Shao Wenjie , Zheng Yijuan , Wang Junyu , Wang Mao , Li Shuang , Xu Xiaohui , Cheng Chong , Zhao Changsheng
Published: June 2024

Mimicking the isolated and encapsulated active manganese sites within proteins in nature through the integration of NiFe sites and tungstic acid nanoparticles in an ordered open framework in an isolated manner.
An ultra-high permeability membrane composed of graphene oxide nanosheets supported by a MOF framework utilized for dye separation
Authors: Yu Zhengting , Peng Yubing , Yang Fuchao , Guo Zhiguang
Published: June 2024

Ultra-high permeability separation of Congo red dye is achieved by using a UiO/GO membrane.
Near room temperature thermoelectric performance improvement for Mg2Sn
Authors: Zhang Lin , Li Juan , Chen Hongyi , Feng Jianghe , Liu Ruiheng
Published: June 2024

Mg2Sn shows excellent thermoelectric properties at high temperatures. Alloying with Mg2Pb reduces the bandgap and lattice thermal conductivity. With further optimization of carrier concentration, the figure of merit is improved near room temperature.
Indium turns tellurium into an ovonic threshold switching selector via a stabilizing amorphous network
Authors: Wang Huan , Gu Rongchuan , Mai Xianliang , Hu Hengyi , Xu Meng , Tong Hao , Wang Zhongrui , Miao Xiangshui , Xu Ming
Published: June 2024

We demonstrate that the incorporation of 10% In element transforms a Te selector into an InTe9 OTS device with remarkable performance.
Fine tuning the steric hindrance of the Eu(ii) tris(pyrazolyl)borate complex for a blue organic light-emitting diode
Authors: Yan Wenchao , Li Yuqin , Huo Peihao , Guo Ruoyao , Yu Gang , Zhao Zifeng , Wang Kezhi , Bian Zuqiang , Liu Zhiwei
Published: June 2024

A sky-blue OLED based on a Eu(ii) complex Eu–tBu shows an EQEmax of 15.7% and a Lmax of 52 240 cd m−2.
CAVITY, Calar Alto Void Integral-field Treasury surveY and project extension
Authors: Pérez I. , Verley S. , Sánchez-Menguiano L. , Ruiz-Lara T. , García-Benito R. , Duarte Puertas S. , Jiménez A. , Domínguez-Gómez J. , Espada D. , Peletier R. F. , Román J. , Rodríguez M. I. , Argudo-Fernández M. , Torres-Ríos G. , Bidaran B. , Alcázar-Laynez M. , van de Weygaert R. , Sánchez S. F. , Lisenfeld U. , Zurita A. , Florido E. , van der Hulst J. M. , Blázquez-Calero G. , Villalba-González P. , del Moral-Castro I. , Sánchez Alarcón P. , Lugo-Aranda A. , Walo-Martín D. , Conrado A. , González Delgado R. , Falcón-Barroso J. , Ferré-Mateu A. , Hernández-Sánchez M. , Awad P. , Kreckel K. , Courtois H. , Espada-Miura R. , Relaño M. , Galbany L. , Sánchez-Blázquez P. , Pérez-Montero E. , Sánchez-Portal M. , Bongiovanni A. , Planelles S. , Quilis V. , Weijmans A. , Raj M. A. , Aragón-Calvo M. A. , Azzaro M. , Bergond G. , Blazek M. , Cikota S. , Fernández-Martín A. , Gardini A. , Guijarro A. , Hermelo I. , Martín P. , Vico Linares J. I.
Published: June 2024

We have learnt in the last decades that the majority of galaxies belong to high density regions interconnected in a sponge-like fashion. This large-scale structure is characterised by clusters, filaments, and walls, where most galaxies concentrate, but also under-dense regions called voids. The void regions and the galaxies within represent an ideal place for the study of galaxy formation and evolution, as they are largely unaffected by the complex physical processes that transform galaxies in high-density environments. The void galaxies may hold the key to answer current challenges to the ΛCDM paradigm as well. The CAVITY survey is a Legacy project approved by the Calar Alto Observatory to obtain spatially resolved spectroscopic information of ∼300 void galaxies in the Local Universe (0.005 < z < 0.050), covering −17.0 to −21.5 in r band absolute magnitude. It officially started in January 2021 and has been awarded 110 useful dark observing nights at the 3.5 m telescope using the PMAS spectrograph. Complementary follow-up projects, including deep optical imaging, integrated as well as resolved CO data, and integrated HI spectra, have joined the PMAS observations and naturally complete the scientific aim of characterising galaxies in cosmic voids. The extension data has been named CAVITY+. The data will be available to the whole community in different data releases, the first of which is planned for July 2024, and it will provide the community with PMAS datacubes for around 100 void galaxies through a user friendly and well documented database platform. Here, we present the survey, sample selection, data reduction, quality control schemes, science goals, and some examples of the scientific power of the CAVITY and CAVITY+ data.
Spectral line fluorescence in moving envelopes of stars
Authors: Bertout Claude
Published: June 2024

Context. Fluorescence of the optical FeI lines is observed in active T Tauri stars, and is considered a defining characteristic of this class of young stellar objects.

Aims. The formation of optical fluorescent lines in moving media has not yet been studied in detail. This work represents a first step in investigating the fluorescence process in different types of macroscopic velocity fields: (a) accelerated outflows, (b) accelerated infalls, and (c) non-monotonic velocity fields (such as an accelerating outflow followed by a deceleration region or an accretion shock front). We aim to develop a general computer code for studying the fluorescent emission in any 2D macroscopic velocity field. As an illustration, we investigate FeI T Tauri-like fluorescent emission in these moving stellar envelopes.

Methods. We solved the radiative transfer equations for the lines involved in the fluorescent process, assuming spherical symmetry and a simplified atomic model. We used the framework of the generalized Sobolev theory to compute the interacting, nonlocal source functions. The emergent line fluxes were then integrated exactly.

Results. Because of Doppler shifts in the moving gaseous envelope, photons of the three lines involved in T Tauri star FeI fluorescence (CaII H, FeIλ3969, and Hϵ) interact with each other in a complex way, such that fluorescent amplification of the line flux occurs not only for FeIλ3969, but also for the other two lines, in all velocity fields that we investigated. With the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium populations, the line source functions of moderately optically thick lines are not strongly affected by line interactions, while they are depressed in the inner envelope for optically thick lines because of stellar photon absorption in the interaction regions. Fluorescent amplification takes place mainly in the observer’s reference frame during the flux integration. We define a measure of fluorescence based on the line equivalent widths and perform a parameter study for an accretion flow with a broad range of envelope temperatures and densities while including approximate collisional de-excitation rates in the source function computations. Significant fluorescence occurs over the entire temperature range of the investigated flow, but only in the higher density range, suggesting that relatively high mass accretion rates are needed to trigger the fluorescence process.

Conclusions. Further comparison with observations will require solving the rate equations for the atomic populations involved, along with the radiation field computed with the method presented here. The main product of this research is the open-source computer code SLIM2 (Spectral Line Interactions in Moving Media), written in Python/NumPy, which numerically solves the fluorescence problem for arbitrary 2D velocities.
QUIJOTE discovery of the cation radicals HC5N+ and HC7N+
Authors: Cernicharo J. , Cabezas C. , Agúndez M. , Endo Y. , Tercero B. , Marcelino N. , de Vicente P.
Published: June 2024

We present the discovery with the QUIJOTE line survey of the cations HC5N+ and HC7N+ in the direction of TMC-1. Seven lines with half-integer quantum numbers from J = 25/2–23/2 to 37/2–35/2 have been assigned to HC5N+ and eight lines from J = 55/2–53/2 to 71/2–69/2 to HC7N+. Both species have inverted 2Π ground electronic states with very good estimates for their B0 and ASO constants based on optical observations. The lines with the lowest J of HC5N+ exhibit multiple components due to the hyperfine structure introduced by the H and N nuclei. However, these different components collapse for the higher J. No hyperfine structure is found for any of the lines of HC7N+. The derived effective rotational and distortion constants for HC5N+ are Beff = 1336.662 ± 0.001 MHz and Deff = 27.4 ± 2.6 Hz, while for HC7N+ they are Beff = 567.85036 ± 0.00037 MHz and Deff = 4.01 ± 0.19 Hz. From the observed intensities, we derived Trot = 5.5 ± 0.5 K and N = (9.9 ± 1.0) × 1010 cm−2 for HC5N+, while we obtained Trot = 8.5 ± 0.5 K and N = (2.3 ± 0.2) × 1010 cm−2 for HC7N+. The HC5N/HC5N+, C5N/HC5N+, C5N−/HC5N+, HC7N/HC7N+, HC5N+/HC7N+, and C7N−/HC7N+ abundance ratios are 670 ± 80, 4.8 ± 0.8, 1.2 ± 0.2, 1000 ± 150, 4.2 ± 0.5, and 2.2 ± 0.2, respectively. We have run chemical modelling calculations to investigate the formation and destruction of these new cations. We find that these species are mainly formed through the reactions of H2 and the cations C5N+ and C7N+, and by the reactions of H+ with HC5N and HC7N, while they are mostly destroyed through a reaction with H2 and a dissociative recombination with electrons. Based on the underestimation of the abundances of HC5N+ and HC7N+ by the chemical model by a factor ∼20, we suggest that the rate coefficients currently assumed for the reactions of these cations with H2 could be too high by the same factor, something that will be worth investigating.
Using participatory mapping for a shared understanding of deforestation dynamics in Murehwa district, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mataruse Prosper Tonderai , Nyikahadzoi Kefasi , Fallot Abigail , Perrotton Arthur
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the results of a study using participatory mapping to collectively understand deforestation dynamics in Murehwa, a communal area approximately 90 km northeast of Harare, Zimbabwe’s capital city. The study engaged smallholder farmers in a deliberative process through participatory mapping exercises in 15 villages. For each exercise, participants collaboratively drew two maps of their village, one for 1990 and another for 2021. They depict village boundaries, land uses and the magnitude of change between the two dates. Participatory mapping served as a platform for collective thinking, with the resulting maps used to facilitate discussions. They involved comparing land use between the two maps and identifying the drivers of the observed changes. Thematic approach was used to analyse the discussions in order to come up with collectively identified drivers of land use changes. The findings show that deforestation and resulting land use changes are primarily rooted in economic depression, selling of wood, tobacco farming, veld fires, unauthorised wood exploitation, illegal selling of land, increase in gardening, agricultural expansion and population growth. These results lay a foundational step towards the co-construction of a governance framework for practising agriculture in forest-adjacent areas. Moreover, the paper shares methodological reflections and experiences intended to promote initiatives where the construction of a shared understanding facilitates sustainable land-use practices that foster natural resource conservation.
Assessment of piston quality using QFD-analysis
Authors: Antonova Uliana , Golinitsky Pavel , Cherkasova Elmira , Antonova Uliana , Zimogorsky Vladislav , Petuhov Egor
Published: June 2024

The article examines the state and prospects of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation, studies of the parameters of accuracy and quality of ZMZ engine pistons using QFD analysis. As a result of the construction of the “House of Quality” for the use of the ZMZ engine piston at repair enterprises, it is necessary to carry out the following measures: enhanced control of piston markings; advanced training of workers who process the piston surface; improved control over the mass of manufactured pistons.
Model of a microgravity platform based on the mechanical principle of operation
Authors: Taneeva A.S. , Bratkova M.E. , Maslova U.V.
Published: June 2024

The paper considers a model of a mechanical microgravity platform. The purpose of the paper is to develop a model of a mechanical microgravity platform. The experience of creating small spacecraft for technological purposes for carrying out gravity-sensitive processes on board is analyzed. The principle of operation of a mechanical microgravity platform is described. The microgravity platform is equipped with an electrodynamic drive to compensate for micro-accelerations. The electrodynamic drive have three identical independent control circuits to compensate for microaccelerations along the three corresponding coordinate axes. The second Kirchhoff rule was used to describe the current strength in the closed circuit of the drive. Dynamic Euler equations were used to develop the control laws. The equations for estimating micro-accelerations inside the protected zone are obtained. The ways of meeting the requirements for microaccelerations for the implementation of gravity-sensitive processes on a spacecraft are shown. Recommendations are given on the use of the platform on board a small spacecraft for technological purposes.
Study the environmental impact on mobile electronics in a heat-protective sewing shell
Authors: Cherunova Irina , Tashpulatov Salikh , Cherunov Pavel , Knyazeva Svetlana , Tagiev Farid
Published: June 2024

The environment (Winter cold) affects both the individual and the equipment and communications needed to support workflow or general communication. Therefore, the issue of providing thermal conditions in which the communication device is located while a person stays in the cold is relevant. To protect such devices from premature cooling, they are placed in special parts of clothing. Model-ling and research of thermal insulation properties of garment parts for protection from cold of mobile communication devices will allow to establish effective parameters of thermal insulation structure. Such parameters will allow to develop and manufacture warm clothes with special details, which will maintain the performance and increase the time of stable operation of mobile communication devices necessary for a person in cold conditions. The geometrical model and the model mesh were developed. According to the results of numerical model-ling, the dependence of temperature in the thermal pocket on the ambient temperature was obtained, taking into account the presence or absence of the heating plate. The results of numerical modelling of model calculations al-lowed to theoretically justify by zoning and heating power the system of artificial thermoregulation in thermal protective clothing with integrated electronic devices.
Methodological approaches to modelling extractive industry processes Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Authors: Nikiforova Valentina
Published: June 2024

In recent years the demand for fuel, energy and mineral resources of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has been growing. Due to the redirection of raw material exports from the west to the east with the construction of the ESPO and Power of Siberia pipelines, special attention is being paid to the oil and gas resources of Western Yakutia and the coal resources of Southern Yakutia. Large mining companies operate in the region: Gazprom, Kolmar, Surgutneftegaz, Polyus, and others. How long they will continue their production activities in the region and how these activities will affect the socio-economic development of the region is the subject of research by many scientists. In this regard, modelling of extractive industry processes for long-term forecasting and planning is a highly relevant task. In the article, based on the analysis of existing approaches to modelling of extractive industry processes, the methodological approach most suitable for the deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is selected - the method of correlation and regression analysis with methodological tools for solving forecasting and planning problems. Since most of the phenomena and processes in the economy are constantly interrelated, the study of their dependencies and interrelations between objectively existing phenomena and processes plays an important role in the economy. It provides an opportunity to better understand the complex mechanism of cause-and-effect relationships between phenomena.
Planning of operation of technical systems of complex objects when using flexible strategies on the set of states of functioning
Authors: Litvinova N.B. , Tupitsin Y.E. , Shishkin E.V.
Published: June 2024

Verbal and formal models and methods of solving the problem of optimal planning of operation of technical systems of complex objects using flexible strategies on the set of states of functioning are presented. Technical systems fulfill the functions of providing the required conditions of functioning of technological equipment of complex objects. In complex multilevel objects technical systems occupy the lowest hierarchical level, which imposes some restrictions on the development of long-term plans for their operation, the timing and volume of preventive maintenance. Taking into account the differences and peculiarities of technical systems, we have developed mathematical models of quality indicators of the elements' functioning taking into account the implementation of preventive measures, and set the task of optimal long-term operation planning at the verbal and formal levels. The coefficients of readiness and operational readiness of system elements are taken as indicators of optimality under the constraints of specified terms, costs and duration of preventive maintenance. When planning control actions on the technical state of systems, not only the scope of preventive maintenance, but also the degree of utilization of redundant elements for their intended purpose are determined. To solve the optimization problem, an algorithm based on the random search method is developed. As a result of the performed research the following results are obtained: - mathematical models of complex indicators of reliability of elements of technical systems; - mathematical model of long-term planning of operation of technical systems; - an algorithm for finding an optimal solution based on the random search method.
Dynamic response of the annular hole defect under ultrasonic in brick
Authors: Dolgov Vasilii , Beskopylny Nikita
Published: June 2024

In recent years, ultrasonic diagnostics and health monitoring of buildings have become widely used in construction. However, the accuracy of ultrasonic devices in heterogeneous media such as concrete, brick and other elements is fraught with difficulties and leads to errors. The article considers the problem of the dynamic response of a defect in the form of a cylindrical hole in a brick during ultrasonic diagnostics. The problem was simulated in the ANSYS environment using the finite element method. A dynamic stimulus with a frequency of 60 kHz is applied in the immediate vicinity of the defect and the response is numerically determined at a point symmetrically located from the defect. The results of numerical analysis in the form of fields of displacements, stresses and deformations have been obtained. It is shown that to effectively determine the geometry of a defect in the form of a hole, it is necessary to analyse data on the 3rd or 4th half-waves of the response.
Ensuring the safety of transport processes based on improving the infrastructure of railway stations
Authors: Yusupov Azizjon , Khodjaev Oybek
Published: June 2024

In the process of organizing transportation on the world railway transport, the issues of ensuring a high level of safety of trains and equipment do not lose their relevance. In this scientific article, a mathematical model has been developed for determining the braking distance of wagons after putting on shoes using an automatic stopping device in front of a spontaneously departing rolling stock, taking into account the number of wagons and the state of congestion. As a result, dependencies were obtained indicating the possibility of braking the rolling stock at safety and trapping dead ends.
Shifting consumer perspectives on energy efficiency and sustainable development
Authors: Korneeva Elena , Skornichenko Natalia , Oruch Tatiana , Freze Tatiana , Omarova Aizhan
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has undeniably transformed the landscape of people’s daily lives, influenced not only their immediate mental and physical health concerns but also reshaped their attitudes and economic behaviour in many profound ways. Among these shifts, one of the most noteworthy is the change in consumer perspectives towards energy efficiency and energy consumption. As the pandemic brought about an era of uncertainty marked with economic upheavals and unpredicted changes, it simultaneously served as a catalyst for a collective re-evaluation of priorities, particularly concerning environmental sustainability and personal consumption habits. This paper focuses on assessing how the consumer perspectives on energy efficiency and energy consumption have altered during and after the recent pandemic into the ongoing post-pandemic era. Our results have some profound implications for stakeholders and policymakers who wish to shape up the acceptance of energy efficiency initiatives leading to tackling global warming and climate change and increasing the energy resilience of the society.
The development of countermeasures against session hijacking
Authors: Cherckesova Larissa , Revyakina Elena , Roshchina Evgeniya , Porksheyan Vitaliy
Published: June 2024

This article provides information about Session Hijacking and discusses countermeasures to prevent Session Hijacking attacks. In modern web applications and sites much vulnerability, which developers often do not pay attention to, are occurred. The paper presents a practical implementation of one of the attacks (MITM), and also proposes methods to counteract and protect against most types of attacks. The main purpose of this paper is to study Session Hijacking attacks and to propose countermeasures against them and existing vulnerabilities.
Ecological literacy of one of the competencies of a 21 century citizen
Authors: Nadtochiy Yuliya , Timoshkina Nadezhda
Published: June 2024

The current environmental situation requires a certain amount of knowledge of ecology in an individual regardless of their professional sphere as this information becomes an integral part of both professional and personal day-to-day life. The state of ecology requires help and support from humanity. Therefore, ecological literacy becomes one of the most demanded competencies for a person living in the 21 century. This concept is closely connected to ecological culture and ecological awareness and utilizes the psychological willingness of a modern person to behave according to concepts of ecological literacy. The knowledge of ecology positively affects waste management and reduces risks for nature posed by waste pollution and human activities. Therefore, the conducted research aims to examine the ecological literacy rate in the population of Russia overall and particularly concerning the issues of separate waste collection. The authors identify the reasons for reluctance to perform separate waste collection and suggest measures to stimulate it in the Russian Federation. The paper provides a review of a range of sociological surveys dedicated to separate waste collection and the state of the environment in Russia. The authors suggest a range of possible solutions for the issue at hand.
Effective mechanism of intellectual property management in a company
Authors: Nalivaychenko Ekaterina , Tishkov Sergey , Volkov Alexander
Published: June 2024

The article considers the role of intellectual property (IP) system in the modern economy; defines main functions of innovations and intellectual property objects in the knowledge economy and basic properties of an innovation, such as scientific and technical novelty, industrial applicability, commercial feasibility, under interconnection with IP management. Current paper researches intellectual property objects as the results of innovation activity; reveals the main principles of effective intellectual property management and the essential elements of the effective mechanism of intellectual property management in a company under the conditions of knowledge economy. The study presents the author's definition of the term “intellectual property management”, considers the essence of effective IP management mechanism and develops the author's mechanism of intellectual property management in a company. The study substantiates that the continuous introduction of innovations and expansion of intangible assets, which occurs due to a developed intellectual property management system that ensures the protection of intellectual rights, is a strategic factor of the company's competitiveness.
Innovative information security methods for vertically integrated companies
Authors: Loginov Nikita , Sysoenko Maria , Pavlova Elena
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of methods for ensuring information security for vertically integrated companies. The study examined the concept of a vertically integrated company, studied its features, risks, information security structure and key components of its software. The authors analyzed modern methods and tools for ensuring cybersecurity, applicable in the analyzed companies, and carried out a comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. The work mentions integrated information security systems. Particular attention is paid to authentication technology based on SIM cards with an electronic digital signature as one of its mechanisms. The article examines tokens as traditional tools for implementing electronic digital signatures and SIM cards from the point of view of more modern technology, and also carries out a comparative analysis of them from the economic, technical and legal aspects. The work describes and visualizes a diagram of the process of installing tokens and SIM cards in the business process of vertically integrated companies, and the process of replacing tokens with SIM cards is considered from three points of view: economic, technical and legal. The result of the study was the expansion of the existing knowledge base about ensuring information security in vertically integrated companies and the identification of the implementation of SIM card-based authentication technology as prevailing in relation to the token-based authentication system.
Macroeconomic prospects and challenges: international business and green economy
Authors: Kurpayanidi Konstantin , Khamdamova Shokhida
Published: June 2024

The global economy's shift into the post-industrial phase exacerbates worldwide challenges which demand adherence to green economy principles for resolution. This economic paradigm aims for sustainable development and the harmonization of interactions with natural systems. The article examines macroeconomic strategies and their interplay with international business in championing the green economy. It scrutinizes the current state of the global economic terrain and highlights the impact of green technologies on corporate structure and strategy. The study focuses on the pivotal role of international entrepreneurship in achieving sustainability goals, resource efficiency, and the reduction of carbon emissions. It details the progressive tendencies and innovations that entrepreneurs must consider when formulating corporate strategies in line with the green economy's demands. The significance of deep eco-innovations as obstacles on the path to ecological sustainability is recognized, and the need for their integration into corporate culture and operational practice is emphasized. The concluding insights lead to recommendations aimed at assisting international business entities in optimizing the use of ecological innovations to enhance competitiveness and resilience in the face of modern environmental challenges.
Situational context of environmental university education
Authors: Kamerilova Galina , Kartavykh Marina , Ageeva Elena , Arefieva Svetlana , Gubareva Marina
Published: June 2024

The scientific interest in improving the environmental training of university students emphasizes the training technology associated with the disclosure of their personal and professional potential through inclusion in the joint solution of environmental problems not in abstract but in real life situations. The use of situationality for educational purposes creates an internal unity of the learning process and facilitates the professional socialization of graduates. The aim of the study was to develop a model of environmental education for future ecologists based on situational analysis technology. Theoretical and practical methods of system generalization, comparative analogy, questionnaires, pedagogical evaluation, and modelling were used in the development of the model, which provided objectivity and heuristic conclusions. The model created and tested in the system of higher professional education is based on the ideas of ecohumanism, coevolution and sustainable development, cultural-competence orientation of higher education; principles of subjectivity, value-sense saturation, communicativeness, problematization, events, local history orientation. The key concepts of “situation” and “analysis” are defined and disclosed in the context of the work, and their types are identified and justified. The developed model includes target, content, procedural, technological and reflexive-evaluation components. The tasks, activity content and characteristic for each stage of the educational process, environmental cases and types of analysis are considered. The obtained results in the form of basic research bases and the model of environmental education of future ecologists in situational context testify to the promising application of this technology to improve the quality of professional training.
Transformation of the concept of rural development in the context of sustainability
Authors: Medvedeva Lyudmila , Zemlyakova Nataliya
Published: June 2024

The development of post-industrial society lies in the plane of conceptual transformations in the functioning of rural areas, which have additional potential opportunities that are currently unused. Their identification and development through the allocation of state support funds will allow not only to restructure social and economic processes in rural areas, but will also lead to the achievement of more strategic goals, for example, in the field of sustainable development. The system of state support for rural areas should adopt a new vector of development to overcome rural migration, poverty of these territories, socio-economic instability. At the same time, it is important to propose such a conceptual scheme of socio-economic development of rural areas, which will make it possible, through in-depth analysis, to identify negative aspects of the functioning of localities, to transform or adapt for further development, both in the direction of economic stability and within the framework of achieving the goals of environmental sustainability. The empirical part of the study involves the collection and processing of statistical data reflecting the results of the functioning of a number of rural territories of Rostov Oblast, and a selection of the most promising rural territories that are already focused on achieving sustainable development goals will be made. It should also be noted the universality that the authors will strive for in the framework of the study, as the value of the concept is that it can be applied to rural areas throughout the country.
Neue Impulse für die Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung in der
stationären Pflege
Authors: Schmidt Sandra , Baldus Angelika
Published: June 2024

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,

das Modellvorhaben POLKA befindet sich in der Ergebnisphase. Diese
Zeitschriftenausgabe ist der Abschluss einer Heft-Trilogie: 2021 bildeten die
Projektpartner die Planungen des Modellvorhabens POLKA ab, 2023 folgten erste
Teilergebnisse und die Darstellung der Alleinstellungsmerkmale von POLKA. Im hier
vorliegenden Abschlussheft finden sich die wichtigsten Gesamtergebnisse des
Projektes.
POLKA und Digitalisierung: Lessons learned Erste Erfahrungen zur
Anwendung des Spiels „Apfelernte“
Authors: Huber Gerhard , Kaiser Thomas , Weiß Klaus
Published: June 2024

Der Trend zu Digitalisierung in der Gesundheitsversorgung macht auch vor der
stationären Altenpflege nicht halt. Wir haben dieser Entwicklung Rechnung
getragen und im Rahmen des Modellvorhabens POLKA eine Anwendung entwickelt und
implementiert, die über eine spielerische Aufgabe („Apfelpflücken“) Art und
Umfang der Bewegungsaktivitäten von Bewohner*innen in stationären
Altenpflegeeinrichtungen steigern soll. Mit diesem Spiel sollte insbesondere der
„Sit to Stand“-Transfer adressiert werden.

In einer „Real World Evaluation“ haben wir trotz Corona und notorischen
Personalmangels in den Einrichtungen Daten zur grundsätzlichen Machbarkeit
gewonnen. Diese werden in Kombination mit qualitativen Daten aus Interviews mit
den Heimleitungen vorgestellt und erlauben eine erste Einschätzung zur
Feasibility solcher digitalen Anwendungen.
Optimization and experimental evaluation of the Al1100 and SS202 cylindrical cups using conical die without blank holder
Authors: Kaimkuriya Amit , Balaguru S.
Published: June 2024

Deep drawing is the most widely used process for forming cup shaped products in automobile, aerospace, and packing industries. In this research, the deep drawing process is used to draw the cylindrical cups of Al1100 and SS202 metal sheets using a new type of conical die and a flat-bottomed punch without a blank holder. The experiment included in this work used blank diameters of 50, 55, 60, and 70 mm, tested under both dry and lubricated conditions. The findings indicated that the lubrication significantly reduced defects such as deflection, spring-back, earing, and uneven depth. A blank diameter of 60 mm is optimal for defect-free cups. In addition, the research observed that lower friction coefficients corresponded to required load. The deep drawing procedure has distinctive effectible process parameters from which an optimum level of parameters and defect-free cups with required mechanical properties can been obtained. Thus, using the mixed response surface methodology for optimization, the research showed an excellent decrease in the maximum required load, mainly under lubricated conditions. In brief, the optimization model for SS202 under dry conditions became incredibly accurate, with less than 1% error compared to experimental results. On the other hand, for Al1100 under dry conditions, the model’s predictions deviated more, showing more than a 12% error, indicating a need for additional refinement or extra factors to enhance the accuracy of Al1100.
Geospatial joint modeling of vector and parasite serology to microstratify malaria transmission
Authors: Kearney Ellen A. , Amratia Punam , Kang Su Yun , Agius Paul A. , Alene Kefyalew Addis , O’Flaherty Katherine , Oo Win Han , Cutts Julia C. , Htike Win , Da Silva Goncalves Daniela , Razook Zahra , Barry Alyssa E. , Drew Damien , Thi Aung , Aung Kyaw Zayar , Thu Htin Kyaw , Thein Myat Mon , Zaw Nyi Nyi , Htay Wai Yan Min , Soe Aung Paing , Beeson James G. , Simpson Julie A. , Gething Peter W. , Cameron Ewan , Fowkes Freya J. I.
Published: June 2024

The World Health Organization identifies a strong surveillance system for malaria and its mosquito vector as an essential pillar of the malaria elimination agenda.
Anopheles
salivary antibodies are emerging biomarkers of exposure to mosquito bites that potentially overcome sensitivity and logistical constraints of traditional entomological surveys. Using samples collected by a village health volunteer network in 104 villages in Southeast Myanmar during routine surveillance, the present study employs a Bayesian geostatistical modeling framework, incorporating climatic and environmental variables together with
Anopheles
salivary antigen serology, to generate spatially continuous predictive maps of
Anopheles
biting exposure. Our maps quantify fine-scale spatial and temporal heterogeneity in
Anopheles
salivary antibody seroprevalence (ranging from 9 to 99%) that serves as a proxy of exposure to
Anopheles
bites and advances current static maps of only
Anopheles
occurrence. We also developed an innovative framework to perform surveillance of malaria transmission. By incorporating antibodies against the vector and the transmissible form of malaria (sporozoite) in a joint Bayesian geostatistical model, we predict several foci of ongoing transmission. In our study, we demonstrate that antibodies specific for
Anopheles
salivary and sporozoite antigens are a logistically feasible metric with which to quantify and characterize heterogeneity in exposure to vector bites and malaria transmission. These approaches could readily be scaled up into existing village health volunteer surveillance networks to identify foci of residual malaria transmission, which could be targeted with supplementary interventions to accelerate progress toward elimination.
Inflation and reheating in quadratic metric-affine gravity with derivative couplings
Authors: Gialamas Ioannis D. , Katsoulas Theodoros , Tamvakis Kyriakos
Published: June 2024

Within the framework of metric-affine theories of gravity, where both the metric and
connection are treated as independent variables, we consider actions quadratic in the Ricci scalar
curvature coupled non-minimally to a scalar field through derivative couplings. Our analysis
delves into the inflationary predictions, revealing their consistency with the latest
observational constraints across a wide range of parameters. This compatibility permits
adjustments such as an increase in the spectral index and a reduction in the tensor-to-scalar
ratio. While we do not propose a specific reheating mechanism, our analysis demonstrates that
within the quadratic model of inflation, the maximum reheating temperature can reach ∼ 
3 × 1015 GeV.
The 2024 BBN baryon abundance update
Authors: Schöneberg Nils
Published: June 2024

We revisit the state of the light element abundances from big bang nucleosynthesis in
early 2024 with particular focus on the derived baryon abundance. We find that the largest
differences between the final baryon abundances are typically driven by the assumed Deuterium
burning rates, characterized in this work by the underlying code. The rates from theoretical
ab-initio calculations favor smaller baryon abundances, while experimentally-determined rates
prefer higher abundances. Through robust marginalization over a wide range of nuclear rates, the
recently released PRyMordial code allows for a conservative estimate of the baryon
abundance at Ω
bh
2 = 0.02218 ± 0.00055 (using PDG-recommended light element abundances)
in ΛCDM and Ω
bh
2 = 0.02196 ± 0.00063 when additional ultra-relativistic relics
are considered (ΛCDM + N
eff). These additional relics themselves are
constrained to ΔN
eff = -0.10 ± 0.21 by light element abundances alone.
Fission barriers with the Weizsäcker-Skyrme mass model*
Authors: Wang 王 Ning 宁 , Liu 刘 Min 敏
Published: June 2024

Based on the Weizsäcker-Skyrme (WS4) mass model, the fission barriers of nuclei are systematically studied. Considering the shell corrections, macroscopic deformation energy, and a phenomenological residual correction, the fission barrier heights for nuclei with

can be well described, with an rms deviation of 0.481 MeV with respect to 71 empirical barrier heights. In addition to the shell correction at the ground state, the shell correction at the saddle point and its relative value are also important for both deformed and spherical nuclei. The fission barriers for nuclei far from the

-stability line and super-heavy nuclei are also predicted with the proposed approach.
Thermodynamic phase transition and winding number for the third-order Lovelock black hole*
Authors: Wang 王 Yu-Shan 玉珊 , Xu 许 Zhen-Ming 震明 , Wu 吴 Bin 滨
Published: June 2024

Phase transition is important for understanding the nature and evolution of the black hole thermodynamic system. In this study, we predicted the phase transition of the third-order Lovelock black hole using the winding numbers in complex analysis, and qualitatively validated this prediction by the generalized free energy. For the 7<d<12-dimensional black holes in hyperbolic topology and the 7-dimensional black hole in spherical topology, the winding number obtained is three, which indicates that the system undergoes first-order and second-order phase transitions. For the 7<d<12-dimensional black holes in spherical topology, the winding number is four, and two scenarios of phase transitions exist, one involving a purely second-order phase transition and the other involving simultaneous first-order and second-order phase transitions. This result further deepens the research on black hole phase transitions using the complex analysis.