bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postoperative hypoparathyroidism: relevance, prevention, treatment. Review
Authors: Shidlovsky V. O. , Shidlovsky O. V. , Morozovich I. I. , Privrotskyi V. M.
Published: October 2024

The aim of this article is to review the main aspects of postoperative hypoparathyroidism, causes and mechanisms of development, prevention, treatment, its results and consequences. Postoperative hypoparathyroidism is a frequent complication of operations on the thyroid gland. It reduces the quality of life of patients, and in some cases leads to disability and death. An analysis of the methods for preventing intraoperative injuries of the parathyroid glands, prevention of postoperative hypoparathyroidism and their assessment by various authors was carried out. Attention is drawn to the fact that uncontrolled drug therapy of postoperative hypoparathyroidism has several side effects that cause the development of complications in the functioning of organs and systems of the body: hearing, vision, cardiovascular, nervous and urinary systems, musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal tract. Impaired quality of life, significantly impacting physical, mental, or emotional health, has been documented in many studies using standardized instruments validated for chronic illness. Therefore, the prevention and reduction of the permanent form of this complication is of particular importance and relevance. It should be noted that scientific interest in the problem of postoperative hypoparathyroidism is supported by the contradictory results of research by modern authors, especially regarding the prevention of the development of functional insufficiency of the parathyroid glands. Summarizing the considered publications devoted to postoperative hypoparathyroidism in thyroid surgery, it is worth emphasizing that the problem remains relevant and not fully resolved. The risks of postoperative hypoparathyroidism can be divided into factors related to the patient (polymorbidity, vitamin D deficiency, female gender, young age), as well as to the disease that became an indication for surgery (goiter, progressive malignant tumor, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis), and with surgical intervention (volume of surgical intervention, repeated operations, experience of the surgeon).
Gastrointestinal effects of incretin hormone receptor agonists
Authors: Tkach S. M. , Tretyak O. E. , Dogotar V. B.
Published: October 2024

Agonists of incretin receptors (AIRs), such as glucagon‑like peptide‑1 (GLP‑1) and glucose‑dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), are widely used in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity worldwide. To date, there are 7 AIRs approved by the FDA and available for clinical use. The effect of these drugs on the gastrointestinal tract (GI) and the liver is significant and has significance in the clinical practice of gastroenterology and hepatology. Widespread use of this class of drugs has shown that, while effective in treating T2DM, obesity, and metabolic‑associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), they also have undesirable side effects, most often gastrointestinal, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. These side effects, commonly associated with delayed gastric emptying, may decrease their significant benefits in the treatment of T2DM, reduce body weight and improve cardiometabolic status, and may become a barrier to their use at higher doses. In many studies, these side effects are dose‑dependent, most of them are observed during dose escalation, and they tend to improve with continued use, although the mechanisms of this improvement are still unclear. Recent concerns also relate to the risks of using GLP‑1 receptor agonists in perioperative patient management, given that increased residual gastric content in patients treated with ARI increases the risk of aspiration in these patients. Therefore, when using short‑acting ARIs, it is not recommended to take them on the day of surgery, and when using long‑acting drugs, discontinue their use at least 7 days before surgery, or even earlier if necessary. Many other ARIs are expected to be approved soon and will enter the therapeutic armamentarium.
Oncocytic cells in the punctate of a thyroid gland nodule. Is there a reason to suspect cancer
Authors: Palamarchuk V. O. , Smolovik N. V. , Kuts N. V. , Tovkai O. A.
Published: October 2024

Oncocytic metaplasia can occur in various thyroid conditions. Individual cells, follicles, or groups of follicles may show signs of oncocytic metaplasia, such as in irradiated thyroid gland, nodular goiter, and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, as well as in long‑term autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease). Malignant nodes from oncocytic cells are even rarer. According to the world literature, the prevalence of oncocytic carcinoma (OC) among all thyroid cancers is from 3% to 5%. Among nodes that had oncocytic cells in the cytological sample, oncocytic carcinoma is detected in 5.0—49.1% of cases; and the overall prevalence of malignancy among such nodes (including papillary and follicular cancer, oncocytic variant and OC) is 35.8%.
Objective —  to establish a connection between the presence of oncocytes in punctate thyroid nodules and the detection of cancer on histopathological examination; to investigate the possibility of using the presence of oncocytes in the punctate as a predictor of the presence of cancer.
Materials and methods. A monocentric retrospective study was conducted involving 487 patients who underwent primary surgery between January 2019 and December 2023 for nodular and multinodular goiter (TBSRTC III, IV, V). All patients underwent thyroidectomy or hemithyroidectomy, supplemented with neck dissection and lymphadenectomy.
Results. Among 487 patients with thyroid nodules categorized as Bethesda III, IV, or V, malignancy was identified in 211 cases. Of these, 36 patients exhibited oncocytic changes in the punctate, while 175 patients did not. In the remaining 276 patients, cancer was not diagnosed, including 60 cases with detected oncocytic cells and 216 cases without such changes on cytological examination. The data were analyzed for each patient group according to the Bethesda classification. The highest test performance (specificity and overall efficiency) was observed in patients with Bethesda III, though sensitivity was zero. Similarly, in patients with Bethesda IV and V, sensitivity remained extremely low, resulting in low overall efficiency despite high specificity.
Conclusions. The study did not establish a significant relationship between the presence of oncocytic cells in punctate thyroid nodules (Bethesda III, IV, V) and the subsequent diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Therefore, the presence of oncocytic cells in thyroid nodules cannot be considered a reliable predictor of malignancy. Additionally, the presence of oncocytes does not appear to be a negative prognostic factor for malignancy compared to their absence.
Quality of life assessment with SIBDQ in children with upper gastrointestinal pathology
Authors: Shlieienkova H. O. , Tsiura O. M. , Voloshyn K. V. , Pavlenko N. V. , Voloshyna L. H. , Slobodianiuk O. L. , Muzyka O. O.
Published: October 2024

Functional and organic diseases of the digestive system today occupy one of the leading places in the structure of somatic pathology of childhood and adolescence and negatively impact young patients’ quality of life. Among the gastrointestinal tract diseases, the first place is occupied by the pathology of the gastroduodenal zone in children. Gastrointestinal diseases rarely occur in isolation in the form of damage to only the upper or lower parts of the digestive system, especially in childhood. Therefore, in the presence of dysfunction symptoms and pathological changes in the upper gastrointestinal tract, it is advisable to use non‑invasive means to diagnose pathological changes in the lower gastrointestinal tract.
Objective — to analyze the quality of life using the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) in children and adolescents with upper gastrointestinal tract pathologies.
Materials and methods. The study involved 174 children who visited the Kharkiv city children’s clinical hospital No 19 with complaints about upper gastrointestinal disorders (7—18 years old). Patients were interviewed using the self‑reported inflammatory bowel disease quality of life questionnaire SIBDQ, which assesses physical, social and emotional well‑being (the result is determined from 10 to 70 points, where 10 is the worst condition).
Results. The median SIBDQ score for the entire sample was 51 points [Q1; Q3: 45; 58], with 47.1±3.7% of respondents having up to 50 points. In girls, the median was significantly lower than in boys — 49 [40; 55] versus 55 [49.0; 65.5] (pU=0.05). According to the nature of the endoscopic picture, 55% of children with gastroesophageal and duodenogastric reflux, 38.6% of children with erythematous duodenopathy, 45.9% of children with erosive and ulcerative changes and 61.5% of patients with esophagitis had a low SIBDQ score. Boys with low SIBDQ scores were more prone to gastroesophageal and duodenogastric reflux. All other endoscopic changes were significantly more common (p <0.05) in girls with less than 50 points according to the survey results.
Conclusions. In 47% of children with complaints of upper gastrointestinal dysfunction, the quality of life score was low by the SIBDQ (< 50). The median SIBDQ score in girls was significantly lower than in boys: 49 [40; 55]   versus 55 [49.0; 65.5] points (pU=0.05), respectively. Girls with instrumentally confirmed esophagitis had significantly lower SIBDQ scores compared to boys with esophagitis and girls with other gastrointestinal disorders — 41.5 [37; 46] (p <0.05). The use of the SIBDQ questionnaires in school‑age children and adolescents is advisable not only for lower gastrointestinal tract diseases but also for gastroduodenal zone diseases.
Intestinal microbiota and metabolically associated steatotic liver disease: current understanding of the problem. Review
Authors: Fadieienko G. D. , Gridnyev O. Y. , Chereliuk N. I.
Published: October 2024

Cross‑interaction of microbes, microbial products, and the intestinal barrier are components of the so‑called «intestine‑liver axis», as the liver and intestines have a close two‑way relationship. In patients with metabolically associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), significant characteristic changes in the intestinal microbiome are observed, in particular, the growth of gram‑negative bacteria, which contributes to the formation of a pro‑inflammatory status (primarily due to endotocins) and disruption of metabolic processes, while an increase in Bacteroides and Ruminococcus and a decrease in Prevotella are associated with severe stages of liver fibrosis. Intestinal microbiota modulates the pool of bile acids thereby affecting metabolic homeostasis and pro‑inflammatory processes. Dysbiosis associated with MASLD is characterized by an excess of bacteria — producers of secondary bile acids, which are one of the factors in the progression of metabolically associated steatohepatitis. In addition, dysbiosis leads to increased production of short‑chain fatty acids, which promotes gluconeogenesis, synthesis and accumulation of toxic lipids in the liver and, accordingly, the development and progression of MASLD. But liver function disorders connected with dysbiosis are associated not only with intestinal bacteria, but also with fungi and viruses. According to the results of recent studies, MASLD is associated with a significant diversity of the mycobiome and has certain differences in the progression of the disease depending on the degree of liver inflammation and the stage of fibrosis. Chronic hyperproduction of endogenous ethanol (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia, Candida, etc.) is an important factor in the pathogenesis of MASLD, as it disrupts glucose and lipid metabolism, contributing to the formation of liver steatosis and steatohepatitis. Ultrastructural and functional changes of mitochondria are recognized determinants in the pathogenesis of MASLD. Mitochondria and intestinal microbiota have a bidirectional relationship: microbiota supplies metabolites for mitochondrial metabolism and redox homeostasis, and the development of dysbiosis contributes to oxidative stress and proinflammatory status — key factors in the development of metabolically associated steatohepatitis. Mitochondria can also modulate intestinal microflora by affecting the permeability of the intestinal barrier. The data presented in the article expand our knowledge about the interaction of the liver and the intestine and inspire the development of new promising therapeutic approaches to the treatment of MASLD, which involve a synergistic effect on the intestinal microbiota, microbiome, virome, and mitochondrial function.
Ulcerative colitis: definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis, follow-up. Lecture. Part I
Authors: Kharchenko N. V. , Lopukh I. Y. , Kharchenko V. V. , Korulia I. A. , Shendryk V. H.
Published: October 2024

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are currently one of the most difficult problems in modern global internal medicine in general and in gastroenterology in particular. The diseases demonstrate a relapsing, progressive nature, significant decrease in the quality of life, physical activity of patients, complications from other organs and systems of the human body, a decrease or even loss of working capacity, difficulties in socialization and creating a family. An insufficiently predicted course of the disease, acute or chronic intestinal complications can lead to surgical interventions. According to the severity of the course, the frequency of disability, complications, including those, that require surgical intervention; in terms of the economic costs of the health care system, IBDs are ahead of a number of other widespread diseases of digestive organs. The variety of clinical, anatomical (in particular, localization and extend of damage to the Gut), endoscopic signs of the disease in combination with different degrees of severity and activity of the disease, the presence of local and systemic extraintestinal manifestations determine difficulties in early establishing the diagnosis, in differential diagnosis and in choosing an effective and safe therapy, which is prescribed for the purpose of not only achieving, but also further maintaining a stable remission of the disease.In the vast majority of patients, the disease is characterized by a chronic relapsing course and requires long­­term, constant, often life­­long drug treatment with the use of drugs from various pharmacological groups, including combination therapy. An active search for predictably effective drugs for the treatment for IBD continues at the present time. According to the new International Classification of Diseases, 11th revision (2022), three diseases are included in the IBD group: ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD) and indeterminate colitis, i.e. a disease in which it is impossible to clearly determine whether it is UC or CD of the colon. In modern medicine, there is a tendency towards greater clarity and conciseness in the formulation of diagnoses, examination algorithms and treatment regimens. Inflammatory bowel disease remains diseases with many unknowns, both in terms of establishing a clear diagnosis and in terms of prognosis and predictability of the consequences of drug therapy.
Spatial Assessment and Comparison of Land Use in Karrada City, Iraq, Using Geographic Information Systems
Authors: Ali Fathela Abwd , Salman Alaa D.
Published: October 2024

Land use is the human modification of the natural or terrestrial environment into a built environment such as fields, pastures, and settlements. Baghdad, like most cities in the world, suffers from many urban problems, especially the problems associated with the disparity in the distribution of land uses and deficiencies in their distribution according to scientific standards and foundations, such as the problem of pollution and overpopulation. Karrada was chosen because it represents a large urban center in Baghdad, with about 1 million people spread over about 72 km2.  The aim is to assess land use in Karrada. In addition to the analysis of land uses in the study area, and the study of changes that occurred in those uses, either the study methodology has adopted the descriptive and analytical approach based on the data and information obtained from the municipality of Karrada. Comparison was used as a method of evaluation and geographic information systems (GIS) technology was used to achieve the set objectives. The research lasted almost a year, and the study found that the land uses in Karrada are far from what they were designed for and from planning standards, as it was found that agricultural use decreased significantly, and its lands turned into other uses such as residential and institutional use. Creating land use maps for the years 1973 and 2022 was one of the most important results of this study in conclusion, the study called for several recommendations Among them is the need to adhere to planning standards for land uses to achieve spatial justice in the distribution of those uses and to benefit from the experiences of countries in the field of land and investment promotion.
Influence of Sustainable Materials and Glass Fibers on Properties of Lightweight Perlite Concrete
Authors: Qasim Ahmed Jasim , Fawzi Nada Mahdi
Published: October 2024

The effect of the addition of sustainable materials and alkali-resistant glass fibers on perlite concrete is studied in this paper. The research includes slump, density, flexural strength, split tensile strength, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity tests. This specimen was cast using Portland cement, metakaolin (which replaced 15% of the cement weight as pozzolanic materials), a combination of coarse and fine perlite aggregate, superplasticizer, and local ash (which was employed as a filler and replaced by cement weight in a ratio of 10%). The ratio of cement to perlite (volumetric ratio) was 1:2. The concrete reinforced 1% alkali resistance glass fibers by volume of concrete. The results show that adding sustainable materials to the concrete increased its cylinder compressive strength by a percentage of (57.75%, 41.76%, and 44.82%) for 7,28 and 60 days, respectively and both tensile and flexural strength increased at a ratio of (37.28%, 30.33% and 34.5%), (36.05%, 68.22% and 56.52%) respectively at (7,28 and 60 days). And including alkali-resistant glass fibers increases the compressive, tensile and flexural strength in a ratio of (61.5%, 43.58%, 47.45%), (61.54%, 44.08% and 52.71%) and (113.95%, 124.3% and 97.85%) respectively at (7,28 and 60 days), compared with reference mix. The density increased by adding sustainable materials and fibers but stayed within the limitations of structural lightweight concrete (ASTM C330). The thermal conductivity also increased after adding sustainable materials and glass fibers compared with the reference mix, but it was within the constraints of insulation concrete.
Comparison of soil improvement techniques on the development of efficient consolidation response
Authors: Karademir Tanay
Published: October 2024

A comprehensive experimental program including two distinct series of consolidation tests was performed on clay specimens prepared at different dry weight proportions including 0%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% polypropylene fiber or lime by weight mixed with clayey soil. Fiber inclusion into clay resulted in enhancement of compressive strength characteristics, improvement of hydraulic properties that is an advantage for modification of stability and durability properties of clayey soil under loads. Similarly, the higher hydraulic conductivity of clay resulted that will shorthen duration of consolidation settlement, hence, eventually influence completion of plastic consolidation deformation favorably for soft clays. Lime-treatment on clay specimens showed that the compressibility properties are improved such that the strength of clay against loading enhances, exhibits less consolidation deformation under load owing to increase in lime content. On the other hand, clay becomes highly impermeable, displays substantially larger water-resistant properties because of increased lime mass proportion (i.e. time-extension) in clayey soil that results in prolongation of expulsion of excess porewater pressure from clay due to load application, relevant induced stresses. Fiber-inclusion resulted in exhibiting logarithmic decrement with a mild rate of decline while lime-treatment led to exponential reduction with a sharp rate of drop for compression index (Cc), compressibility coefficient (αv), volume compressibility coefficient (mv). Further, fiber-inclusion stimulated exponential and quadratical increment whereas lime-treatment induced exponential decrement for coefficient of consolidation (cv), hydraulic conductivity (k), respectively. As a result, the Cc, αv, mv enhanced on the order of within 10 at average of 80% to 90% with a minimum of 70% by value for both fiber-reinforcement and lime-stabilization soil-stabilization techniques. The cv, k improved on the order of within 10 at average of 75% to 85% by value for fiber-reinforcement whereas dis-improved on the order of within 10 at average of 70% to 80% by value for lime-stabilization.
Cervic cancer classification using quantum fuzzy set
Authors: Dennison Rajesh , Dasebenezer Giji Kiruba , Dennison Ramesh
Published: October 2024

In this sophisticated world living with CIN cervic cancer is much jeopardy. Cancer is a stochastic (random) process. So, in that CIN in initial stage is not jeopardy. It is totally because of hazardous malign cells. Using its modality in image is selected in existing system only automated classification depends on input image. But in proposed methodology the innovative alludes the jeopardy of CIN cancer is found using the size of /area of nucleus or cytoplasm. This proposed methodology was developed with an algorithm to find CIN area/size. This research work establishes a Cervic Cancer Classification Using Contour Based on Area of Nucleolus and Cytoplasm in Cells (CBANC) which classifies noise spread images into any one of five phases. A similarity measure produces 90% efficiency in proposed system as par with inefficient existing system which fetches us 50%. By pragmatic application it is proved that CBANC with fuzzy is better than Baye’s. This can be accomplished by removing well distinct consistency features and choosing preeminent classifier. Proposed work can extend with 3D input images for future research. It produces mightiest parameter shape and intensity which is very essential for 3D approach. The inference of proposed system can extend the latest classifier engines for more accuracy. It can easily predict more than 90% accuracy will be there. And also derive cancer growing and after therapy for cancer shrinking algorithm will be used for 2D or 3D CIN cancer classification. The outcomes of the proposed methodology CBANC shows that better when compared to the existing methodology like Bayes. It can be implemented in the real world environments of the medical field.
An Adaptive Activity Cycling Technique for Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
Authors: Khudhair Hayder
Published: October 2024

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of large number of small nodes that sense the surround environment and transmit the data to the central collection points. Since these nodes rely on batteries as power source, the effective power management considered as a vital to ensuring that the network continues to operate over long periods. In this research, we offer innovative adaptive activity cycling technique aims to enhance power management in Wireless Sensor Networks. The suggested technique rely on duty cycling concept, where the node is turned on for a certain period and turned off for another period to save energy. Our approach is characterized by dynamically adjusting the on and off periods based on changing network conditions. The adaptive cycling setup according network traffic, so that, in the low traffic cases, the off periods is increased to save power, while these periods decreases in the high traffic cases to ensure transmit data efficiently. In addition, the technique, regard remaining node battery level, which ensure node continue for longer possible period by modifying adapting cycles based on remaining battery level. Simulation tools NS3 and MATLAB are used to evaluate the performance of innovative technique. The results showed, the technique achieve significant enhancements in term energy consumption efficiency comparing with traditional techniques. Furthermore, the technology was able to maintain the quality of service in terms of response time reduction and increase packet delivery ratio. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that using adaptive activity cycling technique can contribute significantly in terms of prolong network lifetime and enhance energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks without sacrificing the quality of service. This technology is promising and can be used in a variety of applications like procession agriculture, environmental monitoring, health care, which support the effectiveness and sustainability of wireless sensor networks in different environments.
Book Review: “What were the crusades?” By J.Riley-Smith
Authors: De Quevedo Sagrillo Henrique
Published: October 2024

This review critically examines J. Riley-Smith's book What Were the Crusades?, focusing on his effort to provide a comprehensive definition of crusades. Structured as a systematic exploration, Riley-Smith offers a framework that identifies essential criteria for legitimate crusades, including just cause, papal authority, the taking of a vow, and the benefits granted to crusaders, particularly indulgences. The review contrasts Riley-Smith’s pluralist perspective with traditionalist views, which limit the definition to campaigns aimed at Jerusalem, and discusses the broader implications of recognizing other crusading campaigns. It also highlights the challenges posed by popularism and generalism in crusading scholarship. Ultimately, while acknowledging the centrality of Jerusalem in crusade discourse, the review asserts that Riley-Smith's inclusive framework serves as a valuable contribution to understanding the complexities of crusade history. The book is recommended for readers seeking a well-structured analysis that balances historical evidence with theoretical insights.
A sequential algorithm for the bilevel network interdiction problem
Authors: Chandrakesa Srinesh , Kurian Varghese , Narasimhan Sridharakumar
Published: October 2024

Several attempts on network interdiction have been made by different authors in the past due to its application in military operations, supply chain management, prevention of illicit drug trade and other related areas. The problem is NP-complete and various techniques have been proposed for solving this problem. In this work we propose a greedy heuristic for the sequential disruption of edges in a network constrained by edge capacity. Because of a few shortcomings in this algorithm, we further include a stochastic component in the selection of edges. The solution was originally developed for the problem statement of the 8th AIMMS - MOPTA Optimization Modeling Competition and therefore, the applicability of the technique is shown on the network provided for the competition.
Quantum Information Processing from Neuron to Consciousness
Authors: Kang Jian-Sheng
Published: October 2024

Consciousness is considered the most challenging problem in the science of the mind, especially about Chalmers' hard problem. From the standpoint of the system science philosophy, many consciousness theories overlook the structure-function correlation principle, thereby reducing their explanatory power regarding consciousness. Therefore, we initially introduce a philosophy for system science. Based on the structure-function correlation principle, we realize that the neck structure of dendritic spine is a key for information encoding in the frequency domain. Consequently, the whole work is discussed in the frequency domain. In the level of sensory modalities, the intrinsic function of simple auditory neuron encodes information as a wave function. Subsequently, in the mesoscopic level, we successfully resolve the quantum mechanism for frequency adaptation, a representation of energy constraint. Particularly, we find that the accommodation mechanism and the multi-layered retina are specialized to employ the principles of Fourier optics and quantum optics. Specifically, the stratified structures, positions and functions of retinal ganglion cells and bipolar cells are specialized for the Fock states in quantum optics. The whole brain might be considered as a neuronal quantal field, comprising billion neurons and trillions of synapses, which intrinsically function as wave functions and perceptive units, respectively. Furthermore, in the frequency domain, we advocate that there is no fundamental difference between the hard problem and the easy problems of consciousness. In summary, it is thrilling to understand the mechanism of neuronal function and consciousness, and this Unified Information Theory (UIT) providing a bridge between microscopic and macroscopic levels.
Advancing observational research on arts and health: theory-informed approaches using the RADIANCE framework
Authors: Fancourt Daisy
Published: October 2024

In the last decade, there has been increasing observational research into the impacts of arts and cultural engagement on health, drawing on the surprisingly rich phenotyping of these behaviours in observational studies. This, alongside a broader growing evidence base, has led to recent calls from the World Health Organisation for the arts to be formally recognised as a health behaviour. However, access to the arts is not equitable, so a key challenge in observational research is disentangling any causal effects from this social gradient in engagement. In this paper, we consider five of the key methodological challenges in epidemiological research on arts and health and propose solutions by combining causal inference approaches with a new theoretical framework on the determinants of arts and cultural engagement (RADIANCE), which uses a socio-ecological approach to identify multi-level factors influencing patterns of arts behaviours. We end with recommendations for researchers incorporating questions on arts and cultural engagement within the design of longitudinal cohort studies.
Koprodukcja usług społecznych źródłem osobistej i społecznej produktywności osób starszych. Studium socjologiczne na przykładzie beneficjentów Programu Wieloletniego „Senior+"
Authors: Gawron Grzegorz
Published: October 2024

The presented volume is the author’s proposal of a sociological description of the phenomenon of co-production of social services as a source of personal and social productivity of older people. The main conceptual axis of the study, which defines its cognitive goal, is an attempt to link the idea of co-production of social services with the productivity of older people, indicating the potential relations occurring between these phenomena. According to the author’s knowledge, both in Poland and abroad, no analyses in this area have been conducted so far, not only within sociology, but also within other sciences. Therefore, the theoretical aim of the study was to describe and rank the concepts constituting the backbone and filling in the presented theoretical perspective, such as co-production, personal and social productivity of the older persons, social services, human capital and social capital. The conceptual analysis carried out resulted in the development of the author’s operational framework for the services organised and provided under the “Senior+” Multiannual Programme, showing how co-production of older people, based on the use of their human and social capital, generates their personal and social productivity. Therefore, it can be considered that the publication is a direct response to the persistent deficit of comprehensive studies in this area in the Polish scientific space.
Activation by technology
Authors: Larsson Karl Kristian , Haldar Marit
Published: October 2024

Modern welfare agencies are increasingly offering clients digital tools in their service delivery. Since young people are prolific users of digital technology, this trend should be to their advantage. However, the quantitative study presented in this article investigates how citizens under the age of 30 use public digital services, compared to those over 30. The study found that clients were less active than older clients in using a digital plan while receiving support from the government. Accordingly, they may be less able to receive help from public agencies when it is offered digitally. Yet, the choices made by caseworkers in how they prioritized clients for more personal support may have reduced the risk of this disadvantage.
“Going Surprising” with Aphra Behn
Authors: McGowan Maggie
Published: October 2024

This essay looks at two slightly off-kilter grammatical constructions in Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko (1688) as occasions to explore surprise as both affective response and aesthetic judgment. In Oroonoko, surprises are never too surprising: they are sought out and lingered over; they are voluntary activities rather than involuntary responses. This sort of aesthetic surprise is intimately bound up with the work of literary genre. If genre is an “aesthetic structure of affective expectation … that absorbs all kinds of small variations or modifications while promising that the persons transacting with it will experience the pleasure of encountering what they expected” (Lauren Berlant), it must have some relation to the expected-unexpected, to the not-too-surprising surprise: the modification or variation that is easily absorbed.
ГРОМАДЯНСЬКА СВІДОМІСТЬ І ПАТРІОТИЗМ МОЛОДІ У КОНТЕКСТІ АКАДЕМІЧНОЇ МОБІЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Волянюк Ольга , Притула Христина
Published: October 2024

Стаття аналізує окремі виклики, які постають перед сучасною політикою у сфері утвердження української національної та громадянської ідентичності в умовах війни. У центрі уваги студентська академічна мобільність, яка досі неоднозначно оцінюється в експертному середовищі, особливо в контексті патріотичного виховання. Виїзд за кордон мільйонів громадян України, в тому числі й молоді, посилює деякі упередження щодо актуальних завдань міжнародних програм обмінів студентів, наукових стажувань, навчальних практик тощо. Однак, поряд із іншими викликами і парадоксами демократії, це дуже конкретне право людини вільно здобувати знання й компетентності у відкритому світі цілком може сприяти зміцненню національної стійкості та громадянської культури.
Мета статті вбачається у необхідності окреслити: вплив академічної мобільності на громадянську свідомість і патріотизм; нормативне розуміння такої мобільності та політики громадянської ідентичності у чинному законодавстві України; тематичні аспекти міжнародних освітніх програм для молоді; рекомендації з подальшого посилення взаємозв’язку між потребами національної стійкості та сучасними запитами молодих людей на мобільність. У процесі написання статті використовувалися методи аналізу офіційних документів, порівняння даних соціологічних опитувань, системний і структурний підходи у вивченні різних програмних можливостей, які пропонуються сучасним студентам, а також їх співставлення з актуальними завданнями політики зміцнення національної стійкості та розвитку патріотизму в умовах війни.
Стратегічний і відповідальний підхід до розвитку громадянської свідомості та патріотичного виховання потребує сприятливої нормативно-правової бази та досвіду її ефективної імплементації. Підтримка молоді в паралельних умовах війни та подальшої глобалізації освітнього простору потребує об’єднання зусиль фахівців різних галузей політики: освітньої, культурної, інформаційної, безпекової, соціальної та інших.
Circular Economy as a Factor in the Sustainability of the Tourism Sector. A Study Applied to Accommodation and Restaurants in the Municipality of Setúbal (Portugal)
Authors: José Carvalho Ana , Moreira Sandrina B. , Carvalho Luísa
Published: October 2024

The lack of natural resources in the face of population growth is a serious challenge for today’s societies. The development of circular economy strategies is a possible way forward, also for tourism as one of the main eco­nomic activities in the world. Based on the assumption that the circular econ­omy is a factor in the sustainability of the tourism sector, the main objective of this research was to analyse the existence and implementation of circular econ­omy policies in companies/organizations in the Accommodation, Catering and Similar activity segment in the municipality of Setúbal. The specific objectives included identifying the profile of those responsible for these companies/organ­izations, identifying the profile of these entities, checking whether they have cir­cular economy practices, identifying the motivations that lead their managers to adopt or not adopt these practices, and analyzing what higher education in­stitutions, such as the Instituto Politécnico Setúbal (IPS), can do to help compa­nies/organizations overcome these difficulties and obstacles. For the development of this study, a quantitative approach was used, and the information was obtained through the application of a questionnaire survey to a convenience sample of 200 companies/organizations in the sector in the Mu­nicipality of Setúbal, with 45 responses considered valid for statistical treatment using SPSS software. This study has shown that companies/organizations in the Accommodation, Catering and Similar activities segment of the tourism sector in the municipali­ty of Setúbal are gearing their actions towards sustainability, adopting circular economy policies, particularly in some specific aspects such as reducing plas­tic and using reusable materials, considering cultural, financial, technological and human aspects as those that most influence the adoption of these practic­es and looking to the IPS as a fundamental partner in terms of awareness and dissemination. Looking at the national picture, it can be concluded that, on the one hand, companies/organizations in the sector and segments considered have already started on the road to sustainability by adopting practices typical of the circular economy, but on the other hand, there is still a long way to go in this area, and that working in partnership between these companies/organizations, educa­tional institutions and local and national authorities is essential.
Aplicação de jogos digitais baseados no Construcionismo para a Educação Básica
Authors: Silva Kaliza Holanda da , Lima Luciana de , Barros Filho Edgar Marçal de
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão sistemática na literatura para investigar quais benefícios e dificuldades são encontrados na aplicação de jogos digitais baseados no Construcionismo, inquirindo também a respeito de quais componentes curriculares e quais os meios digitais utilizados. As etapas desenvolvidas tiveram como pilar metodológico o relatório técnico redigido por Kitchenham, e teve sua string de busca aplicada nas bases Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e Periódicos CAPES. Analisando produções publicadas entre 2013 e 2022, foram obtidos 22 resultados na primeira fase de aplicação da string e, posteriormente, com o refinamento por meio dos critérios de exclusão, 10 itens contemplaram as questões de pesquisa. Entre os resultados positivos estão a possibilidade de compartilhar conhecimentos através da construção de jogos, desenvolvendo a criatividade e a visão sistêmica. Alguns dos desafios encontrados são a sobrecarga de informações e a utilização esvaziada de sentido pedagógico da tecnologia digital. A aprendizagem de Matemática, Pensamento Computacional, Ciências, História e Estudos Sociais, adicionados a situações multidisciplinares tem muito a ganhar com a ampliação do uso de ferramentas tecnológicas digitais como LearnCraft, App Inventor, Scratch, Matlab, Minecraft e Arduino. Fica reforçada a importância dos citados jogos digitais baseados no Construcionismo para ampliar o engajamento dos estudantes nas aulas onde se propõe seu uso, apesar dos desafios encontrados para sua ampla utilização em sala de aula.
Conectados y juntos, sesgo primus inter pares y un futuro profesional con luces y retos. Experiencias y perspectivas de estudiantes de Comunicación en España durante la pandemia
Authors:   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Gómez-Diago Gloria
Published: October 2024

Despite the important role that young people can play in a context of health crisis, little attention has been paid to their discourses on how they experienced confinement and post-confinement. To fill this gap, discussion gropus were conducted with young communication students in Spain to understand how they coped with these circumstances and to understand their professional expectations in a post-pandemic context. It was found that they coped well with the restrictions, using applications to keep in touch with their friends, and that the difficulties came with the end of the restrictions and the maintenance of certain restrictions, a period in which they felt the effects of possible contagion from a primus inter pares bias. Regarding their professional future, journalism students, in contrast to advertising and public relations and audiovisual communication students, were pessimistic and complained about a labour market that requires skills related to corporate communication. In the face of possible future pandemics, it is necessary to generate health information from an educational approach (Peñafiel et al., 2014) and involve them in the search for solutions (Paiva et al., 2021). Finally, the experiences of journalism students coincide with the results obtained from the analysis of the labour market available on job portals (Martínez-Nicolás, 2023; Gómez-Diago; Martínez-Nicolás, 2024) and suggest the need to include in the curriculum design of journalism courses content that goes beyond journalistic production and is related to corporate communication (Martínez-Nicolás et al., 2024).
EFFECTS OF APILARNIL AND QUEEN BEE LARVAE ON LARVAL MORTALITY AND LONGEVITY IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER
Authors: Babacan Aybüke Afra , Ayar Arif
Published: October 2024

The basic mechanisms of ageing and longevity are not yet fully understood. More studies are needed to correlate this situation with functional foods and food supplements that have been used frequently recently. Bee products are in the first place in the use of natural products and food supplements. It has been reported that drone larvae (apilarnil) and queen bee larvae, which have become popular in recent years, support the protection of health due to their high nutritional value, but no studies have been conducted on their life-extending efficacy. For this purpose, the efficacy of these two bee products on life span and mortality was investigated in our study. Apilarnil and queen bee larvae lyophilisates added to Drosophila melanogaster medium at different concentrations (0.5; 1.0; 2.5 and 5.0 mg/ml medium) were studied separately in male and female populations for treatment and control groups. As a result, apilarnil at 5 mg/ml concentration showed the best effect in terms of larval mortality compared to the control group, while the most effective group in terms of mean life span was determined as queen bee larvae with 83.1±3.53 days. In general, both bee products increased the life span of flies in parallel with the increase in concentration in both female and male populations. These results were statistically significant at p
Presença digital no Instagram: estudo de uma marca de slow fashion
Authors: Nogueira de Moraes Priscila , Knoll Graziela Frainer
Published: October 2024

O Instagram é uma rede social que está em ascensão e tem sido muito utilizado por pessoas e marcas. Nessa mídia, a imagem é a principal mensagem, pois é o foco das interações. A maneira como as marcas se posicionam no Instagram corresponde à sua presença digital, o que costuma influenciar seu relacionamento com o público. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a presença digital e suas fases da marca de roupas 787 Shirts no Instagram. Assim, os objetivos específicos foram: identificar a fase de presença digital predominante para a marca selecionada; averiguar características de formatos e linguagem das publicações; verificar que conteúdos predominam nas publicações da marca. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, com análise descritiva a partir de um total de 13 publicações do Instagram da marca de moda 787 Shirts. Os resultados demonstram que a marca investe mais na fase de relacionamento da presença digital, por meio de publicações com imagens dos produtos sendo usados por modelos e colaboradoras de vários estilos e manequins. Como conclusão, isso gera interações através de identificação com consumidoras e também com o consumo consciente.
CPI da pandemia da Covid-19: aproximações possíveis com um reality show?
Authors: Freire Jaciane , Borges Sheila
Published: October 2024

A Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito (CPI) da Pandemia da Covid-19, criada pelo Senado, foi um dos assuntos mais comentados no Brasil durante o ano de 2021, com repercussões também no ano seguinte. Este artigo analisa se a transmissão da CPI pela TV Senado apresenta elementos que indiquem uma aproximação teórica com o conceito de reality show, de acordo com Feldman (2006, 2008) e Bazo (2011). Metodologicamente, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa e uma análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin (2011). A pesquisa realizada sinaliza que há aproximações possíveis das atividades da CPI com um reality show, mas como cenário para um espetáculo político nos moldes de Rubim (2003) e não de entretenimento.
A marca Barbie: percursos de pesquisa e a observação sobre o discurso feminista
Authors: Da Cas Dayane , Petermann Juliana
Published: October 2024

O artigo tem como ponto de partida as pesquisas científicas, encontradas na realização do Estado da Arte, que abordam os efeitos de sentidos por meio da produção discursiva e estratégias de comunicação da marca Barbie a partir do ano de 2015, uma vez que o ano de 2015 e 2016 foram considerados os períodos do “empoderamento feminino” na publicidade (Barreto Januário; Veloso, 2017). Considerando os aspectos de classe, de raça e principalmente de gênero, refletimos sobre o processo histórico do feminino e seus impactos na trajetória discursiva da marca. Buscamos tensionar sobre as estratégias da marca sempre vinculadas ao imaginário feminino, e por vezes, ao discurso feminista. Por fim, refletimos sobre as marcas abordarem pautas sociais apenas em instâncias discursivas, e destacamos a relevância de estudos científicos que acompanham esse processo.
A narrativa transmídia como elemento experiencial no engajamento dos prossumidores
Authors: Uliana Barboza Eduardo Fernando
Published: October 2024

Com a massificação da utilização da web e de mídias sociais online como Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, Tiktok, um questionamento comum é se os meios de comunicação online tradicionais estão conseguindo explorar de forma eficaz todo o potencial dessas plataformas comunicacionais. Este artigo pretende apontar caminhos na direção da resposta para esse questionamento a partir de uma análise teórica e de conteúdo pontual, apresentando alguns indicativos de como esse trabalho pode ser realizado. Para tanto, serão apresentados conceitos sobre redes sociais e mídias sociais online, comunicação e jornalismo transmídia e uma discussão sobre os prossumidores, como são chamados os novos consumidores de informação que ao mesmo tempo participam do processo de construção do conteúdo informativo. Além disso, serão apresentadas algumas iniciativas em jornalismo transmídia desenvolvidas com a colaboração desse novo público consumidor e produtor de conteúdo.