bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST ATHLETES
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Vladova Ina , Kuleva Milena ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The topic of sexual violence in sports, especially amongst children and young athletes, and after the huge scandal related to women’s gymnastics in the US in 2016, is very relevant in today’s society. This concept of sexual violence is not unknown to the Bulgarian sports society either. The topic is not alien to Bulgarian sports circles either. For this study, in April 2021, an anonymous survey was conducted with 187 students from NSA “Vassil Levski” to determine whether this type of violence was committed in Bulgarian sports clubs and teams. To ensure anonymity, no personal information was required in the questionnaire, except for the gender of the person filling in the ques-tionnaire. It was found that 10.7% identified themselves as victims of violence, and 2.1% of respondents identified themselves as victims of sexual violence by their coach. After a discussion with students (n = 50), it was found that there are differences in the understanding of sexual violence. The study concludes that young people in Bulgaria need to undergo training about sexual violence to protect themselves and know how to react when encountering a sexual abuser.
DYNAMICS IN THE DIFFICULTY IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS COMPETITIVE ROUTINES
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Gantchevа Giurka
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Rhythmic gymnastics, like other sports disciplines called “artistic”, is continuously developing in a sports-technical sense. Gymnastics varieties, such as “dance gymnastics”, “rhythmical gymnastics”, “expressive gymnastics”, and “plastic and stage expression gymnastics” have lost their individuality but different elements of their means of expression find their place in the requirements for composition. The efforts of the specialists in this sport are aimed at preserving the identity of this sports discipline, namely, using various musical accompaniments and a wide range of dance movements combined with complex exercises. The aim of the research was to trace the development of the difficulty in routines and a retrospect of the main indicators for making competitive routines for the period 1963-2021 was made with the use of a theoretical and synthesis method. The evaluation of dance elements and complex exercises in competitive programs of gymnasts was in the very first Code of Rules known. There are three different components – difficulty of the exercises, general impression, and accuracy of execution. The general changes in the difficulty of the exercises can be clearly seen if we divide the Codes of Rules into the following periods: 1) 1963-1971, 2) 1976-1984, 3) 1997-2005, and 4) 2009-2021. The changes are due to two major factors: - objective – perfection of the training process, emergence of new exercises, gymnasts’ exclusive motor abilities; choreographs, musicians, dancer’ participation in gymnasts’ preparation; - subjective – creation and modification of the rules by members of rhythmic gymnastics technical committee who are representatives of different schools and cultures, with different concepts about the development of the future image of this sport. The retrospect of the requirements in the competitive rules shows that the greatest transformation of rhythmic gymnastics is in its turning into a complex sport.
EVOLUTION OF TAEKWONDO FROM SPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL PRACTICE TO A MARTIAL SPORT
Authors:   Bulgarian Taekwondo Federation, Sofia, Bulgaria, Dimitrov Iliya
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The evolution and development of each system follow the dynamic pace of everyday life, technological progress, consumer’s interests and needs satisfaction, adaptation to modern socio-economic conditions, and other important factors. The aim of the present study is to track peculiarities in the evolutionary development of taekwondo from spiritual and cultural practice to a martial art. The object of this study is the system of Taekwondo WT. The subject of our research are the stages in the development of Taekwondo WT, transformations in the legal framework of the World Taekwondo Feder-ation, and some specific and essential aspects of the system. The evolutionary stages in the transformation of Taekwondo WT, proposed by the author, are part of a wider concept related to its institutionalization. Various literature sources and key documents of the World Taekwondo Federation from different periods of the system were studied through the application of content analysis. The results indicate that Taekwondo WT is a system with a wide range and consumer interest. The inclusion of WT taekwondo as a major sport in the Olympic Games not only attracts more users, but also leads to dynamic transformations in the legal framework of the World Federation, to the implementation of technical devices to increase objectivity in competitions and to the launch of new products and services. In addition, different approaches are being adapted to increase the audience’s interest in WT taekwondo events, as well as different practices by sport clubs are being applied to meet the needs of the consumers. The reviewed WT taekwondo system, its current state and stages of development, clearly outline a departure from the ancient ideology and philosophy of the martial arts at the expense of a global scale and scope, leading to today’s typical goals - segmentation, meeting different consumer needs, achieving high sports results, more people involved, easy accessibility, etc.
BODY COMPOSITION AND SOMATOTYPE OF ERASMUS STUDENTS
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Ilinova Bogdana
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The present study aims to investigate the body composition and somatotype of students from several European countries, who study Sports Sciences or Physical Education in their countries and were in Bulgaria, in the National Sports Academy like incoming participants in the Educational Program Erasmus. They all practice different sports at an amateur level. Material and Methodology: An anthropometric investigation of 30 male and 20 female students was done. It included the following parameters height (cm), weight (kg), body circumferences of arms and legs (cm), skinfolds (mm), and bone diameters (cm) with corresponding certified devices. Over the measured features composed parameters, characterizing body composition were calculated- a percentage of body fat (%), absolute quantity of fat tissue (kg), lean body mass (kg), an absolute quantity of muscle mass (kg), muscular circumferences of arm and tight (cm) and Body Mass Index (BMI). The somatotype of the students was defined by the Heath-Carter method. The data were compared with those of Bulgarian and Greek students studying similar disciplines- Sports Sciences and Physical Education. Conclusion: The results in concern of the % of body fat tissue seem to be similar between those of Erasmus and Bulgarian students in males (about 12%) and a little bit different in females (15-20%). Somatotypologic characteristics mark higher value in the mesomorphic component in both Erasmus and Bulgarian students.
APPLICABILITY OF RELATIVE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION FOR EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL WORK CAPACITY IN ADOLESCENT ATHLETES
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Tzvetkov Stanislav
Published: November 2022

The evaluation of the absolute (VO2peak) and relative (VO2peak/kg) values of the peak oxygen consumption is an essen-tial component of exercise testing in athletes. However, according to many researchers, VO2peak/kg values in adolescent athletes do not provide sufficiently reliable information to assess their functional work capacity. The present research aims to investigate the applicability of relative values of oxygen consumption for accurate estimation of functional work capacity in adolescent athletes. The research subjects were twelve basketball players from a junior club team participating in the state championship of Bulgaria. They carried out two maximum bicycle exercise tests with a twelve-month period between the two tests. We analyzed the registered absolute and relative peak power output (Wattpeak, Wattpeak/kg) and peak oxygen consumption. It was established that there was a significant increase in average Wattpeak (8.5%), Wattpeak/kg (6.2%), and VO2peak (3.7%) during the second test as compared to the first one. At the same time, in all subjects, no signif-icant increase in VO2peak/kg (average of 0.9%) was registered. This result is associated with the athletes’ increased body weight (average of 2.7%) during the second test. Based on the lack of VO2peak/kg dynamics compared to the significant increase of Wattpeak, Wattpeak/kg, VO2peak, it can be concluded that the isolated use of VO2peak/kg for functional capacity analysis may result in significant errors in estimating the functional work capacity of adolescent athletes.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONOTYPE, STRESS, AND GENDER IN BULGARIAN SPORTS STUDENTS
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Zaaharinova Mariya , Zaekov Nikolay ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Rankov Krassimir ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Nikolova Milena ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: There are many internal and external factors (like chronotype, stress, gender, and level of activity) that may affect athletes performances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between chronotype, perceived stress, and gender in Bulgarian sports students. Methodology: In total, 29 male and female university students were surveyed using the Horne and Ostberg Morningness and Eveningness questionnaire (1976) and the Perceived Stress Scale (1983). Results: Mann-Whitney U test showed an association between perceived stress scores and chronotype groups. Moderate evening type perceived more stress than intermediate type (p = 0,01). Also, students with high physical activity were more stressed than students with moderate physical activity (p = 0,06) and females were more stressed than males (p = 0,01). Students identified as moderate evening type (n = 7) were more than moderate morning type (n = 1) in the sample. Discussion: Surprisingly, most of the moderate evening-type subjects (n = 7) were females (n = 5). Usually, males tend to be moderate evening types. Of these 5 females, 2 were with a moderate level of activity, and 1 was with a high level. And they perceived more stress than males. Conclusions: Collectively, these results show that chronotype and gender can affect susceptibility to stress in sports students from different levels of activity. Also, training schedules should not be arranged without taking into account circadian preferences.
BIOMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BULGARIAN ELITE ROWERS’ TECHNIQUE
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Gospodarski Nikola
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The results of biomechanical analysis have a huge impact on the development of the rowing technique and understanding the process of boat motion. The first biomechanical studies of rowing “on-water” technique date from the end of XIX century. Since then, all methods, measurement tools and tests of biomechanics have made a big step ahead which leads to unification of the elite athletes’ technique. Using a BioRowTel Measurement System, developed by Dr. Valery Kleshnev, we tested five elite Bulgarian male rowers (single skull racing boats, 24 ± 4,95 years, 192,6 ± 3,97 cm, 95 ± 3,54 kg) with a 2000 meters standard protocol. Twenty-two different indicators of the rowing technique were measured and calculated. A comparison was made with the “Gold medal standard” of the rowing stroke, created by the same author. The results of data analysis and the lack of significant differences allowed us to consider that the length of the stroke (113,34 ± 3 degrees) is relatively close to the “standard” as well as the ratio between average and maximal force (55% ± 0,03%), the position of the peak of the force applied (37,06% ± 0,06%) and Catch and Finish Angle of the oars (-67,62 ± 6,67 and 45,7 ± 6,98 degrees respectively). The main differences are in the blade slip on catch (8,08 ± 1,21 degrees) and finish (26,28 ± 1,91 degrees) position and the effective rowing angle (69,68% ± 0,02%). This biomechanical analysis reveals some gaps and technical issues of the participants’ state and provide a challenge for the coaches for further improvement.
IMPORTANCE OF THE KINEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MAE GERI FIGHTING TECHNIQUE FOR SPORT-RELATED INJURIES IN BULGARIAN KARATE SHOTOKAN ATHLETES
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Zagorski Dimitar
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction. As a sport to which more and more young people are turning to, Karate, and especially its most prominent martial art associated injuries, is gaining more and more importance in our present. Unfortunately, little is known about the kinematic characteristics while performing Mae-Geri front kick Shotokan Karate. Special emphasis will be placed on the goal of this fighting technique - more skillful control and effective use of body segments by well-trained fighters will allow maximum acceleration and reaching the adversary both faster and yet-in controlled fashion, without the risk of the injury of both participants in the match The aim of this study will be to compare the kinematic characteristics of the lower limbs when performing a specific fighting technique (Mae-Geri kick) by Karate athletes from two different groups according to rank/sports experience, in relation to the sustained traumatism. Methods and methodology of the study. For this purpose, a kinematic analysis was performed by video registration (with a digital camera Casio ZR 200 with a frame rate of 120 frames/sec) and subsequent image processing of the video to measure kinematic parameters with a software product (SkilSpector). In our initial experiment, 18 of the 22 Karate fighters belonged to two distinct groups (9 black belts from I and II dan, and 9 from 1 to 3 kyu). Results and analysis. According to our comparative analysis, we can assume that the Bulgarian Karate athletes are: both on equal grounds based on kinematic characteristics of the Mae-Geri front kick execution, yet also leading their international counterparts in terms of lower frequency of traumatic injuries in key regions of the body and types of injuries. In turn, the resulting increase in injuries in the group of high-performance athletes (1-3) kyu is mainly explained by the increase in self-confidence, executing riskier attacks with higher chances of interception and resulting in injury by their adversary, allowing our Bulgarian elite Karate fighters to stand out (from I dan and up) for which this type of injury is mostly exception.
BIOMECHANICAL JUMP CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN (9 - 12 YEARS) BASEBALL PLAYERS AFTER STRETCHING PROGRAM
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Ivanov Ivan , Trenev Lyudmil ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Stefanov Zdravko ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Rusimova Galina ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Zagorski Dimitar ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Janakiev Ivan ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Tishinov Ognian ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Trenev Danail ,   119 SOU “Acad. Mihail Arnaudov”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Antonov Antonio ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The correlation of lower extremity technique with upper extremity performance of adolescent baseball players is essential for the overall sporting achievement. The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare the important biomechanical jump characteristics of children (9-12-year-old) baseball players (n=14) with control children group (n=17) at the same age. Chronojump contact platform, detecting a single jump with one phase of flight, was used to evaluate five important biomechanical jump characteristics – jump height at squat, countermovement and Abalakov jumps, lower limb elasticity index (IE) and use of arms index (AUI). The results obtained showed statistically significant elevation of jump height in the three jumps used at baseball team. Interesting tendencies were received for the other two calculated indices as well. The lack of statistically significant difference for the IE allows us to suggest an increase of the duration, frequency, and number of stretching exercises in the athletes training program. This would increase the lower limbs elasticity index and will improve force increment due to the elastic energy accumulated during the shortening-stretching cycle. The trend for AUI index is elevated in the control group relative to the team. In addition, the presented data draw attention to improving coordination between the lower and upper body, emphasizing the individual characteristics of each athlete. From the presented relations it is clear that the excellent sports achievement is a result from the complete set of all factors that determine it. However, a more comprehensive analysis, using similar biomechanical methods, is needed for a complete comparison.
INFLUENCE OF A BALANCED DIET ON MUSCLE MASS IN MEN
Authors:   South-Western University “Neofit Rilski”,  Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, Georgieva Veronika
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Following a balanced diet is essential, not only for maintaining a good body shape, but it is also crucial for our health. By controlling our nutrition, we can reduce the symptoms and also the progression of many diseases such as diabetes, anemia, cardiovascular disease, movement disorders, and more. Of particular importance is the right proportion of the main energy sources - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which aim to reduce excess body fat and increase muscle mass. In search of an answer to whether a balanced diet is enough, we studied 20 volunteers to build a harmonious body. The present study focuses on the diagnosis and control of the main physical indicators of managed 20 to 30 years and how they are affected by 50 days balanced diet combined with and without strength training, divided into two groups - basic and experimental. Anthropometric parameters were measured using a body composition analyzer from the Japanese company TANITA. Based on the indicators of daily caloric intake and kilograms of muscle mass, the required daily intake of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats is calculated. In the main group, after 50 days, a decrease in body weight was reported on average by 5.87% (6.07 kg). What is concerning is the fact that body fat was reduced by only 1.8%, while muscle loss was 4.83% (3.73 kg). In the experimental group, which was on the same diet, but included strength training, the muscle mass was increased by 4.14% (3 kg) and a decrease in total fat by 3.05%. No significant differences are observed in total body weight - 0.89% (0.68 kg), due to the increase in muscle mass. After the research, we concluded that following a diet is not enough to build a harmonious body. This should be used in combination with a training process aimed at increasing muscle mass and lower in total body fat.
CHARACTERISTICS OF INCIDENTS AND INJURIES IN SKI AREA BOROVETS DURING THE 2019/2020 SEASON
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Yankov Peter , Todorov Deyan ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Simeonov Svetoslav ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Although in Bulgaria there is a sub-law from the Law of Tourism regulating the security and safety of the users of the ski slopes in Bulgaria, not enough attention is paid to the point of view of reasons for the accidents, feedback, and prevention of injuries in the snow sports. Another argument underlying the relevance of the topic is the more frequent intervention of experts in snow sports from NSA “Vassil Levski”, which has been invited as an experts in the preparation of sports-technical expertise for occurred accidents on the slopes. This study aims to research the type of accidents and traumas in ski zone Borovets for 2019/ 2020 year on various indications – an hour of occurrence of the trauma, slope complexity, type of the trauma, and type of ski or snowboard equipment. The tasks reviewed as determine the type of trauma with ski and snowboarding. Methods used: frequency analysis, analysis of documents, comparative analysis. Summary of results: the total number of accidents on the slopes of ski zone Borovets for season 2019/2020 is 455. The skiing accidents are nearly 8 times as many as the snowboarding ones. We distributed the traumas into four sub-groups: head, body, legs, and arms. It appeared that the biggest number of traumas is the ones of the legs, followed by those of the arms. In slope accidents, the most common trauma is on the knee joints, followed by shoulder and lower leg injuries. From those traumas, we reviewed the most severe traumas – the fractures. The most registered fractures are the ones of the lower leg and the collarbones. Conclusions: Borovets is in second place in incidents in Bulgaria for the period. The highest percent of the traumas are the ones of the lower limbs, registered in the alpine ski. The incidents occur mainly on blue slopes.
METHODOLOGY OF BACK PAIN RELIEF USING ISOMETRIC-TENSION POST-COVID-19 DISEASE
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Petkov Krassimir , Tahboub Bassel ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Objective – To establish a new and effective methodology for physical exercises to relieve back pain after Covid-19 disease. Methods – This report deals with reviewing the author’s methodology, which consists of isometric tension exercises based on karate blocking techniques. The exercises are five in number. The execution time is 7-8 minutes per set. Fit balls, foam rollers, and gym mats or equivalents may be used. A further study will be conducted to examine and evaluate the methodology on people with back pain after being infected with COVID-19. The individuals will be observed and measured with surveys. The results will be presented in further reports. Discussion – Studies have shown that regular exercise helps to prevent pain (Sulejanov, 2009, Lizier et al., 2012, Washif et al., 2019) and it has been found that pain is worsened by Covid (Serrano-Ibáñez et al., 2021). Furthermore, as for the beneficial effect of isometric exercise on the body (Rio et al., 2017, Noorkõiv et al., 2015, Schott et al., 1995), this methodology differs in that it can be performed every day and in any place (gyms, medical centers, homes, and even at work). It does not take much time and is not complex. We assume that after applying the methodology and evaluating the results obtained, we will confirm the positive effect of the exercises on pain after Covid-19 disease. Conclusion – In conclusion, after reviewing the methodology as well as the preliminary studies on the practical impact of physical exercise on the health of people with back pain, we assume positive results can be achieved. Therefore, the author’s methodology will be applied to obtain data which is needed to produce a complete evaluation of its effectiveness in further reports.
BENEFICIAL INFLUENCE OF PANEURHYTHMY ON THE AFFECTIVE BALANCE AND HAPPINESS
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Chervencova Ludmila , Zsheliaskova-Koynova Zshivka ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Paneurhythmy is a unique Bulgarian and European recreational physical activity, appropriate for a proactive approach in maintaining and improving health. The aim of the present study is to find out if there are changes in the affective balance and the feeling of happiness with adults practicing Paneurhythmy. Method: The subjects (n=155) of the experimental study were adults (18-69 years old), divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG, n=77, mean age 41.7), participating in a course of Paneurhythmy, and a control group (CG, n=78, mean age 41.8). Paneurhythmy courses were held indoors in the evening during the autumn-winter season. The experimental group subjects conducted an average of 22 Paneurhythmy lessons (SD 7.23). The following questionnaires were used to measure the effect of the experiment: 1) Fordyce Emotions Questionnaire (FEQ) – Fordyce, 1988, Bulgarian adaptation by Zsheliaskova-Koynova & Ianovska (2008). 2) PANAS (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988), Bulgarian version by Yordanova (2006). Results: Comparing the results of the EG and the CG, we found the following significant differences: higher positive emotions (t152=2.67, p=.008), lower negative emotions (t152=2.15, p=.033) and stronger feeling of happiness (t146=2.65, p=.009) with the EG after the Paneurhythmy training period. No changes were found in the CG for the same period. Conclusions: Paneurhythmy training significantly improved the affective balance and the feeling of happiness in adults who trained indoors during the autumn-winter season.
A BULGARIAN STUDY ON PATIENTS’ AND DOCTORS’ SATISFACTION WITH THE HOMEOPATHIC METHOD OF TREATMENT
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Angelcheva Mаriana , Pachova Dora ,   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT In the spirit of the Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-2023, published by the World Health Organisation, for the first time in Bulgaria an empirical study was conducted aiming to improve the quality and organization of homeopathic treatment. A direct individual questionnaire on paper, filled in anonymously, was used to investigate patients’ and doctors’ attitudes and satisfaction with homeopathy. Respondents are 527 doctors and 547 patients. The study (2015-2019) was done by the National Center for Public Health and Analysis (NCPHA) under the guidance of Assoc. Prof. Iliana Yaneva, MD. According to the study, 97.4% of doctors share the opinion that “conventional and unconventional methods of treatment should complement each other”. Leading arguments for patients’ satisfaction: the „positive results of the treatment“ – 81%; “the individual attitude towards the patient as a person“ - 44.2%; „the good attitude of the doctor - attention, responsiveness, understanding“ - 33.3 %. Long-term amelioration is affirmed by 60.5% of the patients, and 26.7% feel completely cured. The data analysed show very high satisfaction in patients and good quality of homeopathic care in the country.
AMATEUR TENNIS PLAYER PROFILE FROM SOUTH-WEST BULGARIA AND NORTHERN GREECE
Authors:   South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, Lyuga Atanasia , Tomov Dimitar ,   South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, Tomova Daniela ,   South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT There are few surveys related to amateur tennis. The existing surveys on this topic inform regarding the available facilities, prices for services and different programs. Our survey was focused on comparison of gender and age of amateur tennis players, as well as conditions and opportunities for amateur tennis in a hundred kilometers radius area covering two countries – Bulgaria and Greece. The collected information may be useful for tennis enthusiasts from both countries, and it may contribute to improvement of the relationship and partnership between them, especially since the distance between some tennis clubs in R. Greece and R. Bulgaria is less than sixty kilometers. The objective of the current study was creating a profile (age, gender, social and sport) of the amateur tennis player from Northern Greece and Southwest-ern Bulgaria and opening up opportunities for practicing amateur tennis in these border regions. The results established some differences in the profile of amateur tennis players from the two countries, by gender and preferences. There was a significant difference in the age of Greek and Bulgarian tennis players, in Greece, the highest percentage was this one of 19 - 25 year-olds, while the highest percentage of players in Southwestern Bulgaria was between 25-30 years old. The tennis courts in Bulgaria seem to be better maintained than those in Greece. On the positive side, the distances to the tennis clubs are not long, and the participants from both countries responded that this made it easier for them to practice tennis. The tennis amateurs are used to playing in one place, and prefer to play with the same partner. Tennis is an affordable sport as both in Greece (region of Macedonia) and in South-West Bulgaria, the prices of tennis services are within the means of all surveyed tennis players.
ADAPTED FOOTBALL PROGRAM TO DEVELOP THE MOTOR SKILLS OF CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Authors:   National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria, Aleksandrova Velichka
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Adapted physical activity and sport is the art and science of development, implementation and control of a specially designed program in a given type of sport for children with various disabilities. The purpose of the present study is to develop and prove the effectiveness of an adapted football program for developing the motor skills of children with intellectual disabilities. The subject of research is the effectiveness of the adapted soccer program, and the subject of the research is the motor qualities of children with intellectual disabilities. Methodology: Participants in the study are a total of 20 children with intellectual disabilities from the SC Adapted Sports. They are divided into two groups: Experimental - includes 10 children participating in a specialized program in adapted football and Control - includes 10 children participating in standard activities in adapted physical activity. Classes were held twice a week according to a previously prepared program that met the specific needs of the children being taught. We used a 20 / 40 m field for mini football with high-quality artificial grass in the „Green Sport“ Sports Complex, Sofia. The experimental program includes a variety of motor actions, with which the goal and tasks of the study were realized. Her duration of application was a total of 9 months. Results: After the applied statistical computer processing, an analysis of the working material of our study was made. To objectify the results of the experiment, the data were systematized and subjected to variation and comparative analysis. Based on the obtained results and their analysis, we found that the experimented program on adapted football for developing the motor qualities of children with intellectual disabilities is effective, observing a tendency to improve the studied indicators of physical ability and functional state. The selection of appropriate tests was fully tailored to the individual characteristics of the children in the target group.
óbito entre la Antigüedad y la Contemporaneidad: Cy Twombly
Authors: Asenjo Bejarano Agueda
Published: November 2022

La muerte es un proceso de la vida que para los artistas siempre ha sido un tema de inspiración independientemente de su campo plástico y momento histórico. Este tránsito tan importante se ve reflejado en una serie de obras pictóricas que el autor Cy Twombly desarrolló con su propia técnica autoexpresionista: a partir de estos cuadros que tienen como temática los grandes fallecimientos de personajes clásicos latinos, unió los óbitos con su propia técnica expresionista dejando que el espectador sienta el fin de la vida desde una nueva perspectiva.
EXPOSITION OF BULBOUS PLANTS OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN, ASTANA SITY
Authors:   Astana Botanical Garden - branch of the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction of the Committee for Forestry and Wildlife of the Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Yermekova A.B. , Nashenova G.Z. ,   Astana Botanical Garden - branch of the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction of the Committee for Forestry and Wildlife of the Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Mukhtubayeva S.K. ,   Astana Botanical Garden - branch of the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction of the Committee for Forestry and Wildlife of the Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

When growing flower crops, serious attention is paid to grouping varieties by the beginning of their flowering. Due to the selection of varieties that differ in terms of flowering, a conveyor for the receipt of flower products is created in time. The peculiarities of the seasonal rhythm of plant growth and development largely determine the prospects of their introduction in new conditions. The emergence of seedlings, budding and flowering of various flower crops, including daffodils, is directly dependent on varietal characteristics and weather conditions. The unstable weather regime in spring affects the passage of the terms of the phenological phases, determines their sharp fluctuation. The precocity of the variety (the manifestation of flowering factors) is an endogenous property and is controlled by many external factors, among which an important place is given to the temperature. The duration of flowering (the period from flowering to the end of flowering) is a phase of decorative effect in floriculture and largely depends on the air temperature, productive moisture in the soil and the amount of precipitation. The purpose of this study is to study adaptation indicators in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan.
SYMBOLS OF SECRET SOCIETIES IN THE SOCHI "DENDRARIY"
Authors:   Sochi National Park, Soltani G.A.
Published: November 2022

Sochi "Dendrariy" is a well-known tourist site, an example of landscape art, a scientific center for the introduction of subtropical plants on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. The park was founded in 1892 and is famous for its arboretum collection. The symbolism of the historical part of the "Dendrariy" is also interesting. The park was created as a private property, and showed the interests, views and preferences of its founder. It was not intended for the general public. The founder of the park, S.N. Khudekov, was a versatile person, an expert in gardening, choreographic and fine arts. He successfully used the highly artistic fountains, sculptures and vases of A. Durenne, inscribing the heritage of French culture in his romantic park. Therefore, sphinxes, chimeras, zodiac signs, gods of ancient Roman mythology could be seen in the Russian Caucasus at the end of the XIX century. The author's interpretation of the semantics of various elements of park sculpture and architecture, regarding various theosophical views of secret societies is given in the article. The meaning of such symbols and signs is diverse, as shown by previous studies. The connection of the objects of study with each other in space and their orientation relative to the sides of the light turns attention. The author does not exclude an accidental coincidence, since there is no information about the founder of the park belonging to Freemasonry. The preserved park is rightfully an object of historical and cultural heritage. He is able to create a certain mood, evokes themes for philosophical reflection as a true work of art. A certain preparation of the audience-listeners is required to perceive the information transmitted by the work of art, in accordance with the above.
Gestión ambiental de residuos sólidos urbanos en Piura
Authors: Najar Marín Edilberto , Vega Saucedo Edith Rosabel , Alcedo Feria Karla Violeta , Mendoza Ludeña Laura , Jáuregui Iparraguirre Paola Karina , Contreras Rivera Roberto Julio
Published: November 2022

La gestión ambiental es responsabilidad de los gobiernos locales, sociedad civil y ciudadanos por eso implica enfrentar y plantear soluciones a los problemas ambientales con los que vivimos en estas épocas, que, en lugar de disminuir la contaminación, cada vez va en aumento. En este contexto, planteamos como objetivo general evaluar el diseño e integración de los diversos planes vinculados a los documentos sobre  Gestión de Residuos Sólidos Urbanos-GRSU, y analizamos   cómo los objetivos específicos  la  articulación con el  PEI y POI, del mismo modo comprobamos  el nivel de integración que existen con las estrategias, actividades  establecidas en los documentos de gestión PDDC,  así mismo identificamos   las actividades establecidas en el  PIGARS y su vinculación con el PIA.  La metodología es una investigación básica, descriptiva, ontológico, axiológico y epistemológico, recopilación de información de las principales revistas científicas indexadas, que nos servirá para evaluar las investigaciones realizadas sobre el problema planteado, así como la revisión de los documentos  normativos de gestión, para enfocar y lograr  establecer un conjunto de acciones para reducir  la producción de  residuos sólidos; en ese contexto la investigación es de importancia para evaluar , analizar y determinar políticas  públicas para mejorar la protección del medio ambiente.
La reeducación grafomotora y su incidencia en problemas con disgrafía en los niños y niñas de segundo año de educación básica.
Authors: Granda Gualán Lic. María Cristina , González Quezada MG. Sc. Esther , Arias Arias Lic. Graciela Lucia , Suing Encalada Lic. Josselin , Calvopiña Núñez Dra. Rosa Elvira , Silva Lic. Sandra Maritza
Published: November 2022

Este artículo hace referencia al análisis de las dificultades de la disgrafía que presentan los niños y niñas de segundo año de Educación Básica, frente a ello se busca corregir estas dificultades a través de un plan de actividades pedagógicas de reeducación grafomotora; fue un estudio de tipo acción-investigativo de carácter cuanti–cualitativo y descriptivo, los métodos que se utilizaron fueron: científico, descriptivo, inductivo, analítico y estadístico, los instrumento aplicados fueron: el sub-test de escritura de TALE de Joseph Toro y Monserrat Cervera (6 a 10 años), dirigida a la muestra para identificar  dificultades de disgrafía como: irregularidad, oscilación, líneas anómalas, interlineación, superposición, soldaduras, fluidez del ritmo escritor, postura, entre otras, además se utilizó una encuesta dirigida a docentes y a otra a padres de familia, se desarrolló y ejecuto una plan de actividades pedagógicas de reeducación grafomotora, lo cual me permitió lograr que los niños realizaran correctamente las actividades propuestas y corrigieran de manera significativa las dificultades que presentaban, por lo tanto se valida la eficacia de la aplicación de esta propuesta.
El panorama existente de la depresión. Revisión Bibliográfica
Authors: Flores Salinas María Antonieta , Suscal Peláez Karen Sofía , Coello García Bryam Esteban , Vintimilla Pesántez Santiago Andrés
Published: November 2022

Introducción: la depresión es una enfermedad, con síntomas, tales como: estado de ánimo deprimido, pérdida de interés, cambios en el apetito, insomnio o hipersomnia; presentes durante más de dos semanas. Objetivo: examinar cómo se ha abordado y manejado a este tipo de pacientes, y la efectividad que presentan las terapias, tanto farmacológicas como no farmacológicas, basado en artículos de revisión de los últimos cinco años. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda de un total de 43 artículos originales y de revisión, recolectados desde la base de datos Cochrane Library, PubMed y Google Scholar, con el término “Depresión”. Los documentos se encontraron en idioma español e inglés. Se excluyeron algunos artículos por falta de información actualizada y falta de relevancia para nuestra revisión bibliográfica. Resultados: existe un pilar fundamental para el tratamiento de la depresión, basado en terapias psicológicas (elemento primario y fundamental), farmacoterapia y como última línea, la terapia electroconvulsiva. Los fármacos que se utilizan en general son los inhibidores de la recaptura de serotonina y los inhibidores de la recaptura de serotonina y noradrenalina. Existen otras terapias como la acupuntura, musicoterapia, que han demostrado cierto beneficio. Conclusiones: a lo largo de este tiempo, se ha determinado que las modalidades diagnósticas actuales han permitido diagnosticar precozmente y a un mayor número de personas que sufren depresión, iniciando con psicoterapia, y administrando fármacos antidepresivos en falta de respuesta a la psicoterapia.
Pensamiento estratégico como soporte de la planeación estratégica
Authors: Escobar Alvarez Nashiely Shunashy , Carranza Hernández Luis Alberto , Hernández Iriarte Daniel Alain
Published: November 2022

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo la revisión conceptual del pensamiento estratégico de diferentes percepciones generando así una reflexión de su significado que pretende abonar a la construcción del tema de la planeación estratégica. Quienes se enfrentan cotidianamente al reto de contar con personas (estrategas) capaces de diseñar e implementar la mejor estrategia; lo que implica capacidad de adaptación, flexibilidad, cambio y aprendizaje. Las organizaciones, en su conjunto, se enfrentan a la difícil tarea de promover cambios, de establecer una visión clara y atractiva, de idear y articular la mejor manera de lograr esa visión y para lograrlo necesitan encontrar las personas que estén dispuestas a liderar de manera innovadora y creativa, alineando los intereses personales y organizacionales de sus empleados, lo que requiere en muchas ocasiones cambios fundamentales en la forma de actuar, en la cultura, en el estilo organizacional de  hacer las cosas en la estrategia.
Manejo de residuos sólidos y su influencia en la gestión administrativa en Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local de Casma, 2022
Authors: Cribillero Depaz Ms. Erik Eduardo
Published: November 2022

El estudio presenta como objetivo general determinar la influencia que presenta el nivel de manejo de residuos sólidos en la gestión administrativa en Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local de Casma, 2022, para ello se basa en el diseño experimental, con sub categoría pre experimental, porque se manipula a la variable independiente y se ve el efecto que ocasión en la variable dependiente, aplicando el enfoque cuantitativo, porque muestra resultados numéricos, con alcance longitudinal porque se tuvo 2 momentos para realizar el análisis de datos, aplicando la técnica de la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario, trabajado con una muestra de tipo censo de 35 trabajadores, logrando concluir: Se comprobó la influencia del 68.3% que presenta el nivel de manejo de residuos sólidos en la gestión administrativa en Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local de Casma, 2021, sustentado en el nivel eficiente que en el pre test se obtuvo un valor de 8.6% y en el pos test se reflejó un valor del 77.1%.
Evolución tórpida de enfermedad de Fabry en tratamiento con agalsidasa alfa: Presentación de un caso.
Authors: Lara Hernandez Estefania , Hernández Moreno José Emmanuel , Cruz Herrera Jair , Pérez Parrilla Víctor Manuel
Published: November 2022

La enfermedad de Fabry se caracteriza por la ausencia de actividad de la enzima lisosomal α-galactosidasa A, lo cual provoca que los glucolípidos, los cuales deberían ser descompuestos, se acumulen en los lisosomas de las células de diversos tejidos en el cuerpo ocasionando los signos y síntomas característicos de esta patología. La gravedad de la enfermedad depende del nivel de mutación del gen de la α-galactosidasa A, lo cual va de la mano con la edad de presentación de los síntomas, si tenemos presencia de una gran mutación, tendremos un inicio más temprano de la misma. Para las mujeres es más frecuente que el curso de este padecimiento sea asintomático, en su mayoría actúan como transmisoras de la enfermedad de Fabry, por el contrario, tiene predilección hacia los hombres.  Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes son angioqueratomas, acroparestesias, anhidrosis, córnea verticilada y en casos de fallecimiento, se relacionan con insuficiencia renal por el fallo renal progresivo que ocasiona, insuficiencia cardiaca o enfermedad cerebrovascular. Esta deficiencia no tiene cura, pero podemos frenar su avance, para ello se han desarrollado dos tratamientos principales: el primero la sustitución enzimática con agalsidasa beta y el segundo con agalsidasa alfa, del cual evaluaremos su efectividad en un paciente con enfermedad de Fabry en comparación a estudios con el tratamiento de reemplazo enzimático con agalsidasa beta
Análisis de algunos determinantes del gasto familiar en México, 2020
Authors: Mendoza Alvarado Juan José , Hernández Guerrero Felipe , González Bernal Víctor , Suárez Lerma Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

El presente trabajo intenta capturar la dimensión empírica del estándar de vida en México a partir del gasto familiar;; para tales fines se adopta un enfoque propio del análisis microeconómico el cual postula que el estándar de vida es un fenómeno que se presenta al nivel de las familias y se usa la información proporcionada por la Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso Gasto de los Hogares. Para llevar a cabo el objetivo propuesto, se evalúan los efectos de la educación y la experiencia laboral, así como de algunas desigualdades relacionadas con el género, lo rural-urbano y la condición de ser indígena sobre el nivel de vida. Se estiman dichos impactos contrastando los resultados de una regresión obtenida por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios con los obtenidos de un Modelo Heckit con corrección por selectividad tipo Heckman.Los resultados permiten confirmar los efectos positivos de la escolaridad y la experiencia laboral sobre el nivel de vida de las familias. Igualmente se confirma que las familias comandadas por jefes de familia mujer, que viven en el mundo rural y son indígenas condicionan un estándar de vida menor que el de las familias dirigidas por un hombre, que viven en el mundo urbano y que no son indígenas.
Importancia de las redes sociales en el reclutamiento de personal en la industria maquiladora en la ciudad de Chihuahua
Authors: Cisneros Villezcas Adrián Guadalupe , Holguín Magallanes Karinna Idalia , Aguirre Rodríguez Jaime , Ogaz Alamillo Mercedes
Published: November 2022

Las redes sociales se han convertido en el instrumento de comunicación más utilizado por chicos y grandes. Objetivo: Determinar la importancia de las redes sociales en el reclutamiento de personal en la industria maquiladora en la ciudad de Chihuahua. Planteamiento del problema: Actualmente, las redes sociales son un instrumento importante para el reclutamiento de personal en México, cada vez son más las empresas que dejan los métodos convencionales de reclutamiento y están anunciando sus vacantes por redes sociales, y la industria maquiladora no se está quedando atrás. Metodología: La investigación se realizó en la ciudad de Chihuahua, en el periodo de enero a mayo 2020, evaluando la variable del uso de las redes sociales al momento de reclutar personal. La población de interés fue de 41 empresas maquiladoras de la ciudad de Chihuahua. La naturaleza de la investigación fue mixta, ya que se midió una variable mediante varios indicadores. La unidad de análisis fueron las empresas maquiladoras de la ciudad de Chihuahua que contratan personal constantemente. El nivel de confianza que se utilizó fue del 90%. Resultados: La hipótesis general se acepta, ya que los principales resultados que se obtuvieron muestran que las redes sociales son el instrumento que más utilizan las empresas maquiladoras para reclutar personal.