bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escape from Politics: Is There a Future for Youth Political Protests in Siberia and the Far East?
Authors: Kazantsev Dmitry A.
Published: December 2022

In the last few years, great attention has been paid to the protest potential of students, especially in the context of the mass protests of 2021-2022, which happened at both federal and regional levels. An important scientific issue, which is of practical importance for public authorities and politicians, is determining the motivations and actualization of the student protest movements, as the most organized segment of the youth environment. Based on the results of 14 focus groups held in 8 border regions of Siberia and the Far East (including the Altai Krai, the Zabaykalsky Krai, the Primorsky Krai and the Khabarovsk Krai, the Omsk Oblast, as well as Tyva, Buryatia and Altai Republics) as well as the analysis of the social media and blogosphere of the mentioned regions, the author suggests that the students experience fears, weariness, and disappointment. However, the factors actualizing the protest moods are highly limited. Actual precedents and threats of criminal prosecution that have been applied to the political activists by the government since 2019, as well as the pressure from the authorities and the socialization agents, lead to the demoralization of the youth and their refusal to participate not only in protests but also in pro-government events.
Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique in Improving Hamstring Flexibility in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Milton J Andrews , Subbiah Dr.S
Published: December 2022

Osteoarthritis is one of the main reasons for the disability and socio-economic burden in the world. There is a solid scientific basis for the possibility of decreased hamstring flexibility in patients with knee OA. Shortening the hamstring muscle leads to an increased patellofemoral compressive force, resulting in patellofemoral syndrome often associated with Osteoarthritis. The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of Post isometric relaxation in increasing hamstring flexibility in patients with knee osteoarthritis. 40 patients with pre-diagnosed cases of knee osteoarthritis were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups, i.e., Group A and Group B. Group A was the experimental group, and Group B was the control group. Group A subjects were subjected to post-isometric relaxation of the hamstring muscle, and Group B subjects were subjected to static stretching of the hamstring muscle for 3 sessions per week for 2 weeks, i.e., a total of 6 sessions. The outcome measure was the Active Knee Extension (AKE)test. The Pre Vs Post-test mean value of AKE was 18.4 ±1.3 in the experimental group, and in the control group was 10.6 ±.48, with p-value < .001**. The result shows greater improvement in the experimental group's AKE compared to the control group. The study concluded that MET (post-isometric relaxation) significantly improves hamstring flexibility in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Association of Obesity and Overweight with Different Risk Factors Among Female Public Health Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Elamin Bushara Mohamed Osman
Published: December 2022

Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk factor to health. A crude population measure of obesity is the body mass index (BMI), which is used to classify weight status, overweight is the person with a BMI of 25 or more, while a person with a BMI equal to or more than 30 is considered obese.The aim of the study is to assess students' perception on obesity &overweight association with different risk factors, clarify students' knowledge, behaviors and practices that increase risks of obesity, overweight and related diseases correlating all these with the BMI status of the respondents.A cross-sectional study was conducted to achieve the study objectives among female students of public health at Umm Al-Qura University, in which 50% of students (179) were randomly selected using stratified sampling technique.The study clarified that 84% of students understood BMI-obesity relationship, while 16% didn’t know. The study found that the perceptions, knowledge of overweight and obese respondents towards associated risk factors was very low in comparing to normal and underweight respondents, in term of practicing physical activities, study clarified that 79.4%of students were practicing physical activities, their majority were from normal and underweight BMI participants.The study concluded toweakness in the perception, knowledge and practices of students on BMI relation with different risk factors among overweight and obese students although they understood the BMI-Obesity relationship. The study clarified that the knowledge of students on major risk factors of obesity, such as relations with diabetes mellitus type 2, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, among students with normal BMI were acceptable. Study recommended for more concentration in academic activities to change these perceptions.
Hexokinase Activator Attenuates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Endothelial Dysfunction in HFF-STZ-Induced Diabetic Rat
Authors: Patel Ekta , Patel Divyakant , Vegad Kunjal , Patel Yogesh , Shah Priya , Shah Dhwani , Kanzariya Nilesh
Published: December 2022

Hexokinase is an enzyme involved in the glucose metabolism pathway. Magnesium is an inherent cofactor of the Hexokinase enzyme. The plethora of literature suggested that hexokinase level was decreased in diabetic rats. Sodium metavanadate shows insulin-mimetic action. We designed this work to determine the effect of magnesium on diabetes and associated vascular complications in rats. Type-2 diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin.. Diabetic rats were divided into groups, i.e. normal, diabetic, magnesium sulfate, sodium metavanadate, a combination of glibenclamide and metformin, a variety of sodium metavanadate with glibenclamide and metformin, and a combination of magnesium sulfate with glibenclamide and metformin. Magnesium sulfate was used as a hexokinase activator. Blood glucose levels were measured before initiation, between, and after 4 weeks of treatment. Biochemical and tissue parameters were estimated for additional confirmation. A vascular study took the contractile response of hydrogen peroxide in rat thoracic aortas of different groups. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed by two-tailed one-way ANOVA followed by the Dunnett test. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Treatment with magnesium sulfate and sodium metavanadate (S.M.V.) alone and in combination significantly (p<0.05) modified the elevated blood glucose and various altered biochemical parameters in diabetic rats. Treatment showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) n elevated contractile responses of hydrogen peroxide in thoracic aortas of diabetic rats Vs Normal Control). Hexokinase activation by magnesium and sodium metavanadate significantly reduced (** p < 0.01) diabetes as well as vascular complications.
Evaluasi Kecernaan Komponen Serat Pelepah Sawit Dalam Ransum Ternak Ruminansia Secara In Vitro
Authors: Andayani Jul , Harnita Lucy , Kaswari Teja
Published: December 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kecernaan in vitro komponen serat yaitu NDF, ADF dan Hemiselulosa pelepah sawit dalam ransum ternak ruminansia.

            Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, masing – masing perlakuan adalah A : 70% Hijauan (100% Rumput + 0% Pelepah Sawit) + 30% Konsentrat,  B : 70% Hijauan (75% Rumput + 25% Pelepah Sawit) + 30% Konsentrat,   C : 70% Hijauan (50% Rumput + 50% Pelepah Sawit) + 30% Konsentrat,   D : 70% Hijauan (25% Rumput + 75% Pelepah Sawit) + 30% Konsentrat, dan  E : 70% Hijauan (0% Rumput + 100% Pelepah Sawit) + 30% Konsentrat.

            Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kecernaan NDF, kecernaan ADF dan kecernaan Hemiselulosa.

            Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan pelepah sawit sebagai pakan ternak ruminansia dapat digunakan hanya sampai 25% menggantikan rumput dalam ransum.
Non-native hosts of an invasive seaweed holobiont have more stable microbial communities compared to native hosts in response to thermal stress
Authors: Bonthond Guido , Neu Anna-Katrin , Bayer Till , Krueger-Hadfield Stacy , Künzel Sven , Weinberger Florian
Published: December 2022

Seaweeds are colonized by a microbial community which can be directly
linked to their performance. This community is shaped by an interplay of
stochastic and deterministic processes, including mechanisms which the
holobiont host deploys to manipulate its associated microbiota. The Anna
Karenina Principle predicts that when a holobiont is exposed to
suboptimal or stressful conditions, these host mechanisms may be
compromised. This leads to a relative increase of stochastic processes
that may potentially result in the succession of a microbial community
harmful to the host. Based on this principle, we used the variability in
microbial communities (i.e., beta diversity) as a proxy for stability
within the invasive holobiont Gracilaria vermiculophylla during a
simulated invasion in a common garden experiment. At elevated
temperature (22 °C), host performance declined and disease incidence and
beta diversity increased. At optimal temperature (15 °C), beta diversity
did not differ between native and non-native populations. However, under
thermally stressful conditions beta diversity increased more in epibiota
from native populations. This suggests that epibiota associated with
holobionts from non-native populations are under thermal stress more
stable than holobionts from native populations. This pattern reflects an
increase of deterministic processes acting on epibiota associated with
non-native hosts, which in the setting of a common garden can be assumed
to originate from the host itself. Therefore, these experimental data
suggest that the invasion process may have selected for hosts better
able to maintain stable microbiota during stress. Future studies are
needed to identify the underlying host mechanisms.
Mechanisms of ventilatory limitation to maximum exercise in children and adolescents with chronic respiratory diseases
Authors: Ruiz Margarita Perez , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes , Barbosa Marta Amor , Vendrusculo Fernanda , Ramirez Tamara Iturriaga , Santana-Sosa Elena , Sanz-Santiago Verónica
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Exercise intolerance is common in chronic
respiratory diseases (CRD), but its mechanisms are still poorly
understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate exercise capacity and
its association with lung function, ventilatory limitation, and
ventilatory efficiency in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
(CF) and asthma when compared to healthy controls. Methods.
Cross‐sectional study including patients with mild‐to‐moderate asthma,
CF and healthy children and adolescents. Anthropometric data, lung
function (spirometry) and exercise capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise
testing) were evaluated. Primary outcomes were peak oxygen consumption
(VO peak), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV
), breathing reserve (BR), ventilatory equivalent for
oxygen consumption (V /VO ) and for
carbon dioxide production (V /VCO ),
both at the ventilatory threshold (VT ) and peak
exercise. Results. Mean age of 147 patients included was
11.8±3.0 years. There were differences between asthmatics and CF
children when compared to their healthy peers for anthropometric and
lung function measurements. Asthmatics showed lower VO
peak when compared to both healthy and CF subjects,
although no differences were found between healthy and CF patients. A
lower BR was found when CF patients were compared to both healthy and
asthmatic. Both CF and asthmatic patients presented higher values for V
/VO and V /VCO
at VT when compared to healthy
individuals. For both V /VO and V
/VCO at peak exercise CF patients
presented higher values when compared to their healthy peers.
Conclusion. Patients with CF achieved good exercise capacity
despite low ventilatory efficiency, low BR, and reduced lung function.
However, asthmatics reported reduced cardiorespiratory capacity and
normal ventilatory efficiency at peak exercise. These results
demonstrate differences in the mechanisms of ventilatory limitation to
maximum exercise testing in children and adolescents with CRD.
Hyperventilation syndrome in children with asthma
Authors: Beauvais manon , Taam Rola Abou , Bourgeois Muriel Le , Delacourt Christophe , Faour Hassan , Garcelon Nicolas , lezmi guillaume
Published: December 2022

Background: Hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) may be associated
with asthma. In the absence of a gold standard diagnosis for children,
its impact on asthma has been rarely assessed. Objective: to
assess the impact of HVS, diagnosed by a positive hyperventilation test
(HVT), on the symptoms and lung function of children with asthma and
determine the diagnostic value of the Nijmegen questionnaire in
comparison to a HVT. Methods: Data from asthmatic children
followed in the department of Pediatric Pulmonology of Necker Hospital
and explored for HVS were retrospectively analyzed. HVS was diagnosed by
a positive HVT. Asthma symptoms and lung function were assessed in
children with or without a positive HVT. The sensitivity and specificity
of the Nijmegen questionnaire were determined relative to the positivity
of a HVT. Results: Data from 112 asthmatic children, median age
13.9 years [11.6–16], were analyzed. Twenty-eight children (25%)
had mild or moderate asthma and 84 (75%) severe asthma. The HVT was
performed on 108 children and was negative for 34 (31.5%) and positive
for 74 (68.5%). The number of asthma exacerbations in the past 12
months, ACT score, and lung function did not differ between children
with a positive HVT and a negative HVT. The Nijmegen questionnaire was
administered to 103 children. With a threshold of 23, its sensitivity
was 56.3% and specificity 56.3%. Conclusion: The symptoms and
lung function of adolescents with asthma are not affected by the
presence of HVS. The sensitivity and specificity of the Nijmegen
questionnaire are low.
Respiratory Culture Organism Isolation and Test Characteristics in Children with Tracheostomies with and without Acute Respiratory Infection
Authors: Steuart Rebecca , Ale Guillermo Beltran , Woolums Abigail , Xia Nicole , Benscoter Dan , Russell Christopher , Shah Samir S. , Thomson Joanna
Published: December 2022

Background: Among children with tracheostomies, little is known
about how respiratory culture results differ between states with and
without acute respiratory infections (ARI), or the overall test
performance of respiratory cultures. Objective: To determine
the association of respiratory culture organism isolation with diagnosis
of ARI in children with tracheostomies, and assess test characteristics
of respiratory cultures in the diagnosis of bacterial ARI (bARI).
Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study
included respiratory cultures of children with tracheostomies obtained
between 2010-2018. The primary predictor was ARI diagnosis code at the
time of culture; the primary outcomes were respiratory culture organism
isolation and species identified. Generalized estimating equations were
used to assess for association between ARI diagnosis and isolation of
any organism while controlling for potential confounders and accounting
for within-patient clustering. A multinomial logistic regression
equation assessed for association with specific species. Test
characteristics were calculated using bARI diagnosis as the reference
standard. Results: Among 3,578 respiratory cultures from 533
children (median 4 cultures/child, IQR: 1-9), 25.9% were obtained
during ARI and 17.2% had ≥1 organism. Children with ARI diagnosis had
higher odds of organism identification (aOR 1.29, 95% CI 1.16–1.44).
When controlling for covariates, ARI was associated with isolation of
H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae, and S.
pyogenes. Test characteristics revealed a 24.3% sensitivity, 85.2%
specificity, 36.5% positive predictive value, and 76.3% negative
predictive value in screening for bARI. Conclusion: The utility
of respiratory culture testing to screen for, diagnose, and direct
treatment of ARI in children with tracheostomies is limited.
A CASE REPORT OF CARBAMAZEPINE-INDUCED OROPHARYNGEAL DYSPHAGIA IN A PATIENT WITH PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Bishev Daniel , Malone Mercedes , Best Devon , Bazikian Yvette
Published: December 2022

70-year-old male with primary progressive multiple sclerosis that had a
severe episode of oropharyngeal dysphagia following initiation of
carbamazepine. He was being treated for trigeminal neuralgia. Four days
after discontinuation of carbamazepine resulted in a complete resolution
of the patient’s dysphagia, and he returned to baseline.
Recalcitrant course of Bullous pemphigoid indicating the coexistence with Hypereosinophilic syndrome. A case report and literature review.
Authors: Ganji Raziyeh , Diab Reem , Moussavi Farideh , Abdollahimajd Fahimeh
Published: December 2022

Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune disorder characterized by blister
formation. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a myeloproliferative disorder
that presents with papules, nodules, urticarial lesions, and blisters.
The coexistence of these disorders may highlight common molecular and
cellular factors. We describe a 16-years-old patient with coexistence of
hypereosinophilic syndrome and bullous pemphigoid.
Shotgun proteomics of quinoa seeds reveals chitinases enrichment under rainfed conditions
Authors: Reguera Maria , Poza-Viejo Laura , Redondo-Nieto Miguel , Matías Javier , Cruz Verónica , Granado-Rodríguez Sara , Maestro-Gaitán Isaac , Olmos Enrique , Bolanos Luis
Published: December 2022

Quinoa is an Andean crop whose cultivation has been extended to many
different parts of the world in the last decade. It shows a great
capacity for adaptation to diverse climate conditions, including
environmental stressors, and moreover, the seeds are very nutritious in
part due to their high protein content which is rich in essential amino
acids. They also contain good amounts of other nutrients such as
unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, or minerals and are gluten-free
seeds. Also, the use of quinoa hydrolysates and peptides has been linked
to numerous health benefits. Altogether, these aspects have situated
quinoa as a crop able to contribute to food security worldwide. Aiming
to deepen our understanding of the protein quality and function of
quinoa seeds and how they can vary when this crop is subjected to
water-limiting conditions, a shotgun proteomics analysis was performed
to obtain the proteomes of quinoa seeds harvested from two different
water regimes in field: rainfed and irrigated conditions.
Overrepresented proteins in seeds from each field condition were
analysed, and the enrichment of chitinase-related proteins in seeds
harvested from rainfed conditions was found. These proteins are
described as pathogen-related proteins and can be accumulated under
abiotic stress. Thus, our findings suggest that chitinase-like proteins
in quinoa seeds can be potential biomarkers of drought. Also, this study
points to the need for further research to unveil their role in
conferring tolerance when coping with water-deficient conditions.
Plant-based green-formulated cobalt nanoparticles: Introducing a novel chemotherapeutic supplement for the treatment of esophageal ‎cancer
Authors: Xu Ruimin
Published: December 2022

Linum usitatissimum is one of the popular medicinal plants. The plant
has many pharmaceutical uses in traditional medicine. In this study,
cobalt nanoparticles were synthesized according to green chemistry rules
using the aqueous extract of Linum usitatissimum. The green-synthesized
CoNPs@ L. usitatissimum were characterized using different techniques
such as EDX, FE-SEM, XRD, and FT-IR. The FE-SEM results confirm
spherical morphology for the nanoparticles with size of 38.42 to 75.26
nm. The properties of CoNPs@ L. usitatissimum against common human
esophageal cancer cell lines i.e. KYSE-270, OE33, ESO26 and FLO-1 were
evaluated. The antioxidant test with DPPH free radical indicates the
significant antioxidant properties of CoNPs@ L. usitatissimum. The IC50
of the CoNPs@ L. usitatissimum was 359, 176, 371, and 387 against
KYSE-270, OE33, ESO26 and FLO-1, respectively. It seems that the
anti-human esophageal cancer effect of cobalt nanoparticles mediated by
Linum usitatissimum leaf aqueous extract is due to their antioxidant
effects.
A new method for solving service restoration problem in distribution networks considering expected switching time
Authors: Asadi Qasem , Falaghi Hamid , Ramezani Maryam
Published: December 2022

With the increasing demand for electricity, power distribution utilities
must provide an efficient and appropriate Service Restoration (SR)
strategy to restore customers as soon as possible after power outages.
The heuristic SR algorithm presented in this article is a bi-stage
algorithm that initially re-energizes some loads quickly by
remote-controlled switches in the first stage and then proceeds to
restore the rest of the network in the second stage. In addition to
solving the restoration problem in a bi-stage algorithm, determining the
optimal Switching Sequences (SSs) and applying the Energy Not Supplied
(EENS) as objective function included in this study. Also, taking into
account the time of occurrence of the failure and the daily load curve,
the position of the maintenance team, load transfer capability and the
traffic conditions of the network has increased the attractiveness and
practicality of the proposed method. The heuristic SR algorithm was
applied on a standard IEEE 69-bus system in various scenarios. The
results indicated a significant difference in the solutions of the
problem and the ENS in different scenarios. Finally, it was found that
using this heuristic method would lead to optimal, accurate, and
applicable solutions for SR in distribution networks.
An Improved Series-Connected Hybrid Valve Based on Diode Rectifier Units and Full-Bridge MMC for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Power Transmission
Authors: Wang Chengdong , Zhang Guorong , Zhang Jian , Xie Bao , Shi Yong
Published: December 2022

An improved hybrid valve based on diode rectifier units (DRUs) and
full-bridge MMC (FB-MMC) to transmit large scale offshore wind power to
onshore is proposed to balance the performance and cost of pure DRU- or
MMC-based schemes. Approximate one third of DC voltage is constructed by
the FB-MMC and the remaining by DRUs. Active power-DC voltage droop
control is proposed to regulate the DC voltage of FB-MMC to adaptively
transmit the offshore wind farm active power to onshore. Meanwhile, the
reactive power consumed by DRUs and generated by wind turbine converters
(WTCs) is dynamically balanced by the FB-MMC. During start-up of
offshore wind farm, the DC link capacitors of WTCs and auxiliary systems
can be energized from onshore. And most importantly, DC pole-to-pole
short circuit fault can be ridden-through as quickly as possible by the
reverse and double DC voltage of FB-MMC with no severe submodule (SM)
capacitor overvoltage after fault occurrence. The system performance is
investigated by time-domain simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC. Thus, the
feasibility of the proposed scheme is verified.
Determination of sulfur in topical formulations by GC-MS
Authors: KUL Aykut , Sagirli Olcay
Published: December 2022

A new method has been developed for the determination of sulfur in
topical formulations by GC-MS. The separation of the sulfur was achieved
on a TR-5MS, 30m, 0.25mmID, 0.25µm column with a mobile phase containing
helium at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature is 190°C and
the total run time is 13 min. The sulfur was detected at 64 m/z with
selective ion mode. The injection volume was 1 μL. The assay was in for
sulfur the concentration ranges from 10–15 µg/mL. LLOQs (µg/mL) and
LLODs (µg/mL) 0.75 and 0.25 for sulfur. Recoveries of the sulfur were
between 95% and 105% with intra-and inter-day precisions (as relative
standard deviation) of ≤2%. Method validation was carried out according
to ICH guideline Q2 (R1). Also, the uncertainty measurement study of the
method developed for the determination of sulfur in topical formulations
was carried out. The analytical method validated was successfully
applied to topical formulations.
Object-based unawareness: Theory and applications
Authors:   Paul | Weiss, Board Oliver J. , Chung Kim-Sau ,   Hong Kong Baptist University
Published: December 2022

In this paper and its companion paper, Board & Chung (2021), we provide foundations for a model of unawareness that can be used to distinguish between what an agent is unaware of and what she simply does not know. At an informal level, this distinction plays a key role in a number of recent papers such as Tirole (2009) and Chung & Fortnow (2007). Here we provide a set-theoretic (i.e., non-linguistic) version of our framework. We use our object-based unawareness structures to investigate two applications. The first application provides a justification for the contra proferentem doctrine of contract interpretation, under which ambiguous terms in a contract are construed against the drafter. Our second application examines speculative trade.
Centralized clearing mechanisms: A programming approach
Authors:   Corvinus University of Budapest, Csoka Peter , Herings P.~Jean-Jacques ,   Tilburg University
Published: December 2022

We consider financial networks where agents are linked to each other by financial contracts. A centralized clearing mechanism collects the initial endowments, the liabilities and the division rules of the agents and determines the payments to be made. A division rule specifies how the assets of the agents should be rationed. Since payments made depend on payments received, we are looking for solutions to a system of equations. The set of solutions is known to have a lattice structure, leading to the existence of a least and a greatest clearing payment matrix. Previous research has shown how decentralized clearing selects the least clearing payment matrix. We present a centralized approach towards clearing in order to select the greatest clearing payment matrix. To do so, we formulate the determination of the greatest clearing payment matrix as a programming problem. When agents use proportional division rules, this programming problem corresponds to a linear programming problem. We show that for other common division rules, it can be written as an integer linear programming problem.
Centralized refugee matching mechanisms with hierarchical priority classes
Authors:   University of Waterloo, Sayedahmed Dilek
Published: December 2022

This study examines the refugee reallocation problem by modeling it as a two-sided matching problem between countries and refugees. Based on forced hierarchical priority classes, I study two interesting refugee matching algorithms to match refugees with countries. Axioms for fairness measures in resource allocation are presented by considering the stability and fairness properties of the matching algorithms. Two profiles are explicitly modeled---country preferences and forced prioritization of refugee families by host countries. This approach shows that the difference between the profiles creates blocking pairs of countries and refugee families owing to the forced hierarchical priority classes. Since the forced priorities for countries can cause certain refugees to linger in a lower priority class in every country, this study highlights the importance of considering refugees' preferences. It also suggests that a hierarchical priority class-based approach without category-specific quotas can increase countries' willingness to solve the refugee reallocation problem.
Characterization of incentive compatible single-parameter mechanisms revisited<
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Apt Krzysztof R. , Heering Jan ,   CWI Amsterdam
Published: December 2022

We reexamine the characterization of incentive compatible single-parameter mechanisms introduced in Archer & Tardos (2001). We argue that the claimed uniqueness result, called 'Myerson's Lemma' was not well established. We provide an elementary proof of uniqueness that unifies the presentation for two classes of allocation functions used in the literature and show that the general case is a consequence of a little known result from the theory of real functions. We also clarify that our proof of uniqueness is more elementary than the previous one. Finally, by generalizing our characterization result to more dimensions, we provide alternative proofs of revenue equivalence results for multiunit auctions and combinatorial auctions.
APRENDENDO COM AS PLANTAS: SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA DE BOTÂNICA PARA O ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL II
Authors: Custódio de Oliveira Matheus Fernando , Aparecida Stenzel Elaine , Orlandini Priscila , Sebastiani Renata
Published: December 2022

O estudo das plantas é tão antigo quanto a própria humanidade. Estudá-las é fundamental para diminuir as barreiras da “cegueira botânica” e do “analfabetismo botânico”, conceitos estes decorrentes da forma como a Botânica é ensinada nas escolas. Para auxiliar na superação disto, foi proposto uma sequência didática de Botânica através do Ensino por Investigação para os 9º anos do Ensino Fundamental II em uma escola municipal de Araras/SP. Para avaliação, utilizou-se um único questionário de quatro perguntas com os estudantes em dois momentos: antes e após as aulas. Os resultados indicaram que este é um caminho plausível, pois quadruplicou o número de estudantes que conseguiram fazer uma relação válida entre um órgão vegetal e sua respectiva função na planta. Portanto, o presente artigo traz que o ensino de Botânica deve ser explorado de formas diferentes do tradicional a fim de reduzir as lacunas da Educação Básica.
A CALCULADORA COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO PARA O ENSINO DOS NÚMEROS DECIMAIS
Authors: Sousa Jucá Rosineide de , Barros Neto Antonio José de , Franco de Sá Pedro
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho  teve por objetivo analisar se uma sequência de ensino usando a calculadora simples contribui para a compreensão do conceito e das propriedades dos números decimais. O caminho metodológico seguiu as quatros fases da Engenharia Didática: estudos preliminares, análise a priori, experimentação, análise a posteriori e validação. As atividades com a calculadora foram aplicadas aos alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública de Belém do Pará e fazem parte da pesquisa de Jucá (2008). Os resultados apontaram que a calculadora contribuiu de forma favorável para a aprendizagem, possibilitando que os alunos se envolvessem em atividades de investigação para que compreendessem o conceito de números decimais e suas propriedades.
O GÊNERO INFOGRÁFICO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS HABILIDADES DE LEITURA E ESCRITA, E MULTILETRAMENTO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Alves da Silva Fabiane , Matos Magalhães Epaminondas de
Published: December 2022

A tecnologia faz parte da vida de muitas pessoas e com ela, novas formas de linguagens se apresentam e trazem ao ambiente virtual diferentes modos de comunicação e uso da língua. Dessa forma, faz-se importante integrar práticas de leitura e escrita com o uso de diversas semioses ao currículo escolar. Nesse viés, este estudo objetivou analisar como o gênero infográfico favorece o desenvolvimento de habilidades leitoras e o multiletramento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com características da pesquisa-ação, desenvolvida por meio de uma Sequência Didática, no período de julho a agosto de 2022, com estudantes do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Estadual de Desenvolvimento Integral da Educação Básica “Getúlio Dornelles Vargas”, município de Primavera do Leste-MT. Por fim, os resultados demonstram que o trabalho com o gênero infográfico contribuiu de forma significativa para compreensão, interpretação e produção de textos multimodais, com um olhar crítico sobre muitos temas.
Campur Kode pada Bahasa Lisan Pedagang Pasar Tradisional di Bandarlampung
Authors:   Unversitas Lampung, Rahma Yulina Winda , Suyanto Edi ,   Universitas Lampung, Ariyani Farida ,   Unversitas Lampung
Published: December 2022

Alih kode, campur kode, dan variasi dalam bahasa yang sama ialah tiga jenis pilihan bahasa dalam Sosiolinguistik (Sumarsono dan Partana 2002:201). Satu di antaranya akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini, yakni campur kode. Campur kode (code mixing) ialah peristiwa penutur yang menyisipkan unsur-unsur bahasa lain berupa serpihan-serpihan (pieces) dari bahasa yang satu ke bahasa lain (Chaer dan Leoni, 2010:107). Bandarlampung sebagai ibu kota Provinsi Lampung memiliki masyarakat tutur heterogen dengan berbagai keragaman bahasa daerah yang dibawanya. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh letak Provinsi Lampung yang sangat strategis sebagai jalur keluar-masuk pulau Sumatra. Masyarakat tutur yang heterogen tersebut dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam pilihan bahasa pada saat berinteraksi dengan lawan tuturnya, seperti campur kode. Hasil penelitian ini sebagai berikut. Campur kode terjadi pada bahasa lisan pedagang pasar tradisional Bandarlampung akibat kemampuan berbahasa dan berkomunikasi penuturnya. Hal itu terjadi karena penutur telah terbiasa berbahasa campur guna memudahkan komunikasi penutur. Terdapat data campur kode berupa campur kode Bahasa Indonesia yang kedaerahan dan bahasa daerah yang keindonesiaan.
Evaluation of The Significance Grades of The Problems Experienced by Mathematics Teachers in Distance Education in The Covid-19 Pandemic by The Entropy Method
Authors: Bahadır Oğuzhan , Türkmençalıkoğlu Hande , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: December 2022

The entropy formula, created by Claude E. Shannon using probability calculations, is an essential and objective measurement method used in multi-criteria decision-making. The purpose this study was to evaluate the problems experienced by mathematics teachers during the Covid-19 and the degree of importance of these problems were determined. Expert opinions were used to identify the problems. In the study, the ‘Entropy’ method was used to determine the degree of importance of the problems. After determining the problems, a questionnaire was applied to 22 teachers working in different geographical regions of Turkey and with different service lengths. According to the entropy results, it has been determined that the most critical problem faced by mathematics teachers in the distance education process is the ‘communication problem’ between students and teachers. In conclusion, mathematics teachers must find the right learning method to overcome communication problems so that in the future, distance learning will not experience obstacles.
The Effect of Computer Simulation on Student Performance in High School Chemistry Learning on Chemical Equations
Authors: Ibitomi Oluyemi Olasumbo , Oyelekan Oloyede Solomon , Olorundare Adekunle Solomon
Published: December 2022

Chemical equations have been identified as a complicated topic in the Nigerian School Certificate. This study investigates the effect of computer simulations on student performance in high school chemistry courses on the topic of chemical equations in Offa, Nigeria. This study adopted a quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test, post-test, and non-randomized control group. The population is all high school students totaling 756 students. The sample was selected purposively, namely 136 students. Chemical Equation Performance Test (CEPT), Online Computer Simulation of Chemical Equations (OCSCE), and Cognitive Force Checklist (CSC) with reliability coefficients of 0.76, 0.81, and 0.78, respectively, were used as instruments for the study. The results of this study are that there are differences in the performance of students who are taught using computer simulations, between the performance of male and female students, and differences in performance between students who score low, medium, and high. It was concluded that computer simulation affected the performance of high school students. It was supposed that computer simulation affected the performance of high school students. It is recommended that future researchers apply computer simulations to other learning.
Students’ Concept Mastery with the Web Inquiry Environment
Authors: Dewi Pramita Sylvia , Komikesari Happy , Mahfud Ashari , Kusumah Raden Gamal Tamrin
Published: December 2022

Technology has a vital role in the field of education. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the learning system has become more flexible. To keep making arrangements according to the development of the situation in the classroom and to avoid student passivity, an online platform is needed that involves students in conducting investigations. The study aimed to determine the student’s ability to understand the concepts in the discussion of Archimedes' Law.The participants involved consisted of 53 grade 7 junior high school students. The method used was descriptive quantitative to investigate students' inquiry abilities and determine their understanding of concepts. The research on concept mastery shows a significant difference in using web inquiry environment after the treatment. Therefore, the web inquiry environment is essential to improve students' concept mastery.Implementing the web inquiry environment is recommended to consider topics with experiments to ensure that all inquiry processes can be carried out efficiently.
The Empirical Study of the Effect of Corporate Governance on earnings management based on FTSE350, UK
Authors:   Regent College London. UK, Aryal Rishiram , Ficcadenti Valerio ,   London South Bank University, UK, Dhesi Gurjeet ,   London South Bank University, UK
Published: December 2022

While the interests of shareholders contradict with the interests of the managers, agency problem appears. However, the principle of the agency theory is to establish the relationship between the shareholders and managers; and this paper relies on the involvement of corporate governance who can resolve the issues between earnings management and the underlying causes. The main aim of this study is to identify the impact of corporate governance on controlling the discretionary accruals based on the FTSE350 by considering the performance matched discretionary accruals model. It has considered the OLS regression model and tested the hypotheses. The findings of this paper reveal the mixed results as board independence, the presence of female in the board, non-executive director’s fees and block holder have significant impact whereas board size and board meeting do not have significant impacts on controlling discretionary accruals.
Distance Learning in Moroccan Higher Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Case of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Students
Authors: Mouaziz Abdelkrim , El Byad Ismail , Sraoui Souhayla , El Biadi Maha , Moumni Jaouad
Published: December 2022

With the spread of Covid-19, several countries, including Morocco, have declared the status of a health emergency. This caused schools to stop giving classes and block the Moroccan educational system. The Ministry of Education resorted to implementing distance education as an alternative to guarantee learning continuity. This includes applying some measures, such as broadcasting classes on TV and encouraging teachers to use online platforms like Microsoft Teams and Zoom. However, the online experience was not an easy task due to a lack of digital training and internet access. In this regard, the present paper aims to investigate the extent to which Moroccan university students are satisfied with the implementation of online learning. It also investigates the main challenges students encounter in their virtual experience. This study is significant as it provides us with a clear understanding of distance learning as a novel experience in Morocco and the challenges that hindered its success. It is also important because it would add to the accumulation of human knowledge. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed through means of questionnaires and interviews, respectively. Questionnaires were administered to students from Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University in Fes who belong to different departments. As for interviews, they were conducted with the same students to give them the chance to elaborate on their answers. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of Moroccan university students were not satisfied with their distance learning experience as it was hard for them to interact due to connection issues. The study also showed that most of the students were confused and unmotivated to learn.
The Efficacy of Continuous Corrective Feedback on Writings of Saudi EFL Students
Authors: Chaudhary Anjum
Published: December 2022

The present study aims to investigate the perceptions of EFL students on Corrective Feedback (C F) and to assess the efficacy of continuous explicit Corrective Feedback on the writings of the preparatory year female students of Umm Al Qura University in Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of eleven students from an entire class who volunteered for the study. To reach the study’s objectives, an online survey was conducted to gain insight into how EFL students felt about receiving CF. Also, class observations and semi-structured interviews were exercised to get in-depth information on CF. Furthermore, to estimate the efficacy of continuous explicit Corrective Feedback, pre-Corrective Feedback, and post-Corrective Feedback performances in writing tasks were compared. In addition, the T-test value was also calculated using SSPS software. The findings demonstrated that students see CF favorably, and a comparison of their performances before and after receiving explicit CF demonstrated the feedback’s beneficial effects. The study seems significant to practicing teachers and learners as the study takes a practical and principled approach. Also, it brings up to date with current thinking and perception on error correction in language learning.
Effectiveness of In-House Materials on Academic Reading Proficiency of College-Level Omani Students
Authors: Withanarachchi Samaranayake Sarath , Kositchaivat Suneeta , Theienpermpool Patteera
Published: December 2022

Most preparatory students studying at the universities of technology and applied sciences in Oman demonstrate a low proficiency in academic reading. As a result, most students stop their studies at the certificate level without pursuing a higher qualification. Given this issue, this study was conducted to promote level three preparatory students’ academic reading proficiency. This study may inspire reading instructors who teach in EFL contexts and depend on commercially produced materials to develop in-house materials appropriate for their students. The research question this study attempted to answer was whether the application of in-house materials helps tertiary-level EFL students to perform better in a standardized reading test (Cambridge Reading B2 First). The study consisted of two treatments and two comparison groups (N = 84), instructed using in-house materials (treatment groups) and the prescribed textbook (comparison groups) for one semester. At the end of the intervention, the data were analyzed using descriptive and paired-sample t-tests to determine whether the intervention affected the performance of the treatment groups in the post-test than the comparison groups. The findings indicated a statistically significant (p < .001) difference in B2 First Cambridge English Reading Test between the pre-test and the post-test for the treatment group showing a significant improvement in reading proficiency. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that in-house materials are more effective in helping English Foreign Language tertiary level students improve their reading proficiency than commercially produced textbooks in EFL programs in Omani technological education
Penanaman Nilai Akhlak Terpuji Pada Siswa SD Meneladani Perilaku Sultan Hadirin
Authors: Hanifah Lisa Nur , Pratiwi Ika Ari , Septarianto Tomi Wahyu
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi nilai akhlak terpuji pada perilaku Sultan Hadirin di Desa Loram Kulon dan menganalisa cara mengimplementasikan terhadap nilai akhlak terpuji dari cerminan perilaku Sultan Hadirin pada siswa SD di Desa Loram Kulon. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari hasil foklor secara lisan mengarah terhadap penelitian kualitatif pendekatan naratif. Berdasarkan temuan hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan bahwa mengenai penanaman nilai akhlak terpuji terhadap siswa di SDN 1 Loram Kulon, Kudus. Siswa sudah melakukan implementasi setiap hari dari kegiatan bersedekah dan menghargai perbedaan yang dilakukan oleh Sultan Hadirin pada zaman dahulu. Kegiatan implementasi yang dilakukan siswa setiap hari di lingkungan sekolah yaitu melakukan kegiatan infaq setiap hari kamis, musyawarah, dan belajar kelompok.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMANFAATAN CULTUR SPELLING PUZZLE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN LITERASI BAHASA KELAS 1 SD 1 LORAM KULON
Authors: Jihanifa Firda Afita
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuanKulon mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan literasi bahasa anak, dan efektivitas pemanfaatan media pembelajaran culture spelling puzzle pada kelas I SDN 1 Loram Kulon. Indikator kemampuan literasi bahasa antara lain mengenal huruf, membaca kata, kelancaran membaca nyaring dan pemahaman bacaan, menyimak. Hipotesis tindakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan literasi bahasa anak pada kelas I SDN 1 Loram Kulon yang diterapkan dengan media Culture Spelling Puzzle telah mencapai KKM. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian Mixed Method (Metode penelitian campuran atau gabungan) dengan kualitatif deskriptif dan kuantitatif dengan desain one-groupKulon pretest-posttest design, yaitu desain penelitian dengan melakukan pretest sebelum diberi perlakuan dan postest setelah diberi perlakuan yang akan dilaksanakan di SDN 1 Loram Kulon Kudus, sedangkan sampelnya yaitu kelas V dengan jumlah 30 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis data tahap awal meliputi uji normalitas dan analisis data tahap akhir meliputi uji normalitas, analisis deksripsi kemampuan literasi bahasa anak, dan uji hipotesis: uji t-test satu sample, dan uji N-gain. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Culture Spelling Puzzle meningkatkan kemampuan literasi bahasa aspek pengetahuan dan aspek keterampilan. Aspek pengetahuan nilai pretest 0,1 0,05 sedangkan posttest 0,059 0,05 dengan keputusan Ha ditolak dan H0 diterima. Berdasarkan aspek keterampilan diperoleh hasil nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,119 0,05 dengan keputusan Ha ditolak dan H0 diterima. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran Culture Spelling Puzzle efektif meningkatkan kemampuan literasi bahasa kelas I SDN 1 Loram Kulon.