bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly dispersed graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle composites in organic solvents
Authors:   , Wong-u-ra Oraporn
Published: November 2023

An innovative phase transfer process of anisotropic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from water to a wide range of organic solvents such as toluene, n-butanol, iso-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile and ethylene glycol was described. In the developed process, AgNPs were transferred to the organic solvents by using the graphene oxide (GO) sheets as the carrier. The transferring process was utilized by two straightforward steps. Firstly, AgNPs were synthesized using N-N' dimethylformamide (DMF) as a reducing agent and they were stabilized by the numerous of oxygen-functional groups on the GO surface via electrostatic interaction to form GO/AgNP composites. The existence, purity and stability of AgNPs on the GO sheets were examined and analyzed by several techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Secondly, the GO/AgNP composites were modified with oleylamine (OAm) in order to improve hydrophobicity. To obtain the maximum phase transfer efficiency, an appropriate amount of OAm was carefully optimized for each organic solvent. The dispersion behavior of the GO/AgNP composites modified with OAm (GO/AgNP-OAm) in the organic solvents were investigated. It was found that the GO/AgNP-OAm are uniformly dispersed in the organic solvents for at least 6 hours after sonication. The developed phase transfer method has the features of simplicity and high efficiency.
Preparation of rigid polyurethane foams catalyzed by metal-valine and metal-arginine complexes
Authors:   , Keawmang Woranut
Published: November 2023

This research studied new catalysts for rigid polyurethane foam (RPUR foam) preparation, namely metal-amino acid complexes, which are odorless and low toxicity. The metal-amino acid complexes synthesized were Cu(OAc)(Val), Cu(OAc)(Arg), Zn(OAc)(Val), Zn(OAc)(Arg), Zn(OAc)(Ser) and Zn(OAc)(Ile); where OAc = acetate, Val = valine, Arg = arginine, Ser = serine and Ile = isoleucine. The synthesis was done to obtain aqueous solution of metal-amino acid complexes in water. These metal-amino acid complexes were used as catalysts in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams without purification. Characterization of zinc-amino acid complexes was done using mass spectrometry and FTIR spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of metal-amino acid complexes was studied by investigation of the reaction time of the foam formation. Physical and mechanical properties of RPUR foams were investigated. The results were compared with those catalyzed by dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA), which is a commercial catalyst. The experimental results Zn(OAc)(Val) showed the best catalytic activity among all metal-amino acid complexes. Zn(OAc)(Val) gave polyurethane foam having density, physical and mechanical properties similar to that catalyzed by dimethylcyclohexylamine.
Effect of polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil on pellet formation using silicon dioxide as an extrusion-spheronization aid
Authors:   , Limpakomon Sanpeth
Published: November 2023

Colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD) has been shown to be a potential extrusion-spheronization aid.  A surfactant solution is, however, necessary to be incorporated in formulation as a binding liquid.  The effects of surfactant on pellet formation have not been reported.  The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of surfactant, polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil (HCO-40), concentrations in the formulation of fumed hydrophilic silicon dioxide pellets.  The formulations were composed of CSD to HCO-40 solution at a ratio of 1 to 2 by weight.  Properties of materials, such as surface tension and viscosity of binding liquids, liquid uptake and binding ability of CSD as well as rheology of wet masses were characterized and information obtained was used to explain behavior of pellet formation.  The results showed that rounded pellets and reproducibility of yield in target size (0.71 – 1.4 mm) were obtained from the formulation containing 2.5% w/w surfactant.  The lower surfactant concentrations gave bigger pellets or agglomeration, while the higher surfactant concentrations produced rod shaped pellets.  This could be explained that interaction between water-silanol groups was significant in the wet mass with the low concentrations of surfactant, evidenced by an increase in desorption temperature.  At the high concentrations of surfactant, this interaction was reduced leading to more solid structure caused by interaction of silanol-silanol groups as observed in viscoelastic properties and extrusion forces.  The balance between these interactions would induce an appropriate deformability of wet masses.
Anticancer effects of cepharanthine on human ovarian cancer cells
Authors:   , Payon Vilawan
Published: November 2023

Cepharanthine (CEP) is a medicinal product derived from Stephania cepharantha Hayata, which possesses potent anticancer activities against several types of cancers such as leukemia, cholangiocarcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and hepatocarcinoma. However, its anticancer activity against ovarian cancer cells has never been reported. In this study, the anticancer effect of CEP and mechanisms underlying the anticancer effect of CEP were investigated in two human ovarian cancer cell lines, CaOV-3 (chemosensitive) and OVCAR-3 (chemoresistance), which has been reported to be resistant to clinically relevant concentrations of cisplatin and adriamycin. The present study demonstrated that CEP significantly inhibited the growth of CaOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, CEP was more toxic to CaOV-3 cells (IC50 = 10.93±0.14 µM) than OVCAR-3 cells (IC50 = 31.20±1.27 µM). Additionally, CEP could induce cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in CaOV-3 cells but did not alter cell cycle distribution in OVCAR-3 cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that CEP markedly increased mRNA level of p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, in both ovarian cancer cell lines. CEP also decreased mRNA level of cyclin A in CaOV-3 as well as decreased the expression of cyclin A and E genes while increased cyclin D gene expression in OVCAR-3 cells. Moreover, CEP was found to trigger apoptosis, increase Bcl-xl mRNA and decrease Bax and Bak mRNA in CaOV-3 cells. Similarly, CEP induced cancer cells to undergo apoptosis and increased Bak mRNA level in OVCAR-3 cells. Therefore, the results from this study suggest that CEP could potentially be used as a novel anticancer drug for ovarian cancer treatment.
The immediate effects of qigong practice (guan yin zi zai gong level 1) on chronic non-specific low back pain in office workers
Authors:   , Phattharasupharerk Suttinee
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Qigong practice, a traditional Chinese medicine exercise, composes of both dynamic and static posture as well as uncomplicated posture. It seems to be an alternative method for chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) patients, especially among office workers who are frequently exposed to repetitive movement and prolong static posture. However, the effect of Qigong for CNLBP in office workers is still inconclusive. The objective of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of Qigong practice, Guan Yin Zi Zai Gong level 1, among office workers with CNLBP under the randomized controlled trial research design. Methodology: A Randomized controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-two office workers with CNLBP were screened by primary care physicians for inclusion/ exclusion criteria (age between 20-40 years; sitting period more than 4 hours per day) and were divided randomly allocated by computer program into 2 groups: Qigong and waitlist (served as control) group (n=36 each). The participants in Qigong group were received a two hours per week Qigong practice class (Guan Yin Zi Zai Gong level 1) for 6 weeks. The waitlist group was received general advice for low back pain management. After 6 weeks, the participants in waitlist group were received the same practice as the Qigong group. The primary outcomes were pain intensity and back functional disability. The secondary outcomes were back range of motion, heart rate, respiratory rate and mental status. Results: As compared to baseline, Qigong group significantly decreased pain intensity and back functional disability. No statistically significant difference of these parameters was found in waitlist group. As compared between groups, Qigong exercise also significantly decreased pain intensity, back functional disability and secondary outcomes. Conclusion: Qigong practice (Guan Yin Zi Zai Gong level 1) may be an alternative choice for treatment the CNLBP in office workers.
Dimensional reduction of eleven dimensional supergravity on SU(2) group manifold and N=4 Gauged supergravity
Authors:   , Nuchino Patharadanai
Published: November 2023

The consistency at the level of equations of motion from the dimensional reduction giving rise to four-dimensional N = 4, half-maximal gauged supergravity from the unique supergravity in eleven dimensions is thoroughly veri ed in this study. Dimensional reductions are said to be consistent at the level of equations of motion if and only if substitutions of reduction ansatze in higher dimensional equations of motion yield all equations of motion for lower dimensional theory. Apart from some special cases, a Kaluza-Klein sphere reduction is generally not consistent. However, there exists an alternative way to obtain a consistent dimensional reduction. The guaranteed-consistent reduction, known as the Scherk- Schwarz reduction, can be found by performing the dimensional reduction on a group manifold of some particular Lie group. From the fact that the SU(2) group manifold is topologically a three-dimensional sphere S³, the Kaluza-Klein reduction involving S³ can be obtained from a group manifold reduction via replacing the S³ in the reduction ansatz by an SU(2) group manifold. N = 4 gauged supergravity in four dimensions is obtained from a seven-dimensional sphere S⁷ reduction ansatze by writing the S7 as S³ S³ S¹ and replacing each S³ by the SU(2) group manifold while the consistency of seven-dimensional sphere S⁷ reduction exists at the level of equations of motion. Apart from the main SO(4) gauged theory, another related N = 4 gauged supergravity in four dimensions, the Freedman-Schwarz model, can be obtained by using a one-way map between the two versions of N = 4 gauged supergravity. Moreover, the consistent reduction ansatze allow solutions in four-dimensional N = 4 SO(4) gauged supergravity theory to be embedded in eleven-dimensional supergravity.
Effects of CuIn1-xGaxSe2 thin film surface roughness in chemical bath deposition of CdS thin films
Authors:   , Muifeang Tanchanok
Published: November 2023

Typical CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells on soda-lime glass (SLG) substrate consist of six different thin film layers; SLG/Mo/CIGS/CdS/i-ZnO/ZnO(Al)/Al-grids. In this work, the interface of CIGS/CdS film was modified by altering CIGS surface with various chemical solutions such as aqua regia, potassium hydroxide and alcoholic potassium hydroxide. The modified CIGS surface was investigated by FESEM and AFM in terms of morphology and RMS roughness, respectively. It was found that aqua regia could effectively alter the CIGS surface while the others could not visually change the surface. The J-V and external quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements showed that potassium hydroxide and alcoholic potassium hydroxide etchings resulted in lower solar cell performance than aqua regia etching when compared with the non-etched condition. The concentration and etching time using aqua regia were investigated. As a result, using 1:1 of aqua regia : deionized water at a few seconds of etching time could create an optimal CIGS surface roughness for the CIGS/CdS interface. This method was employed in the fabrication of the CIGS solar cells in order to improve its performance.
Production of bioethanol from thai grasses
Authors:   , Komolwanich Tidarat
Published: November 2023

Two-stage microwave pretreatment (microwave/NaOH pretreatment followed by microwave/H2SO4 pretreatment) successfully released monomeric sugars from various types of Thai grasses, namely. Mission grass (Pennisetum polystachyon). Kans grass (Saccharum spontuneum). Giant reed (Arundo donax), and Tiger grass (Thyscmolaenu maxima). The optimum conditions of the pretreatment were investigated, and the maximum monomeric sugar yields were compared. The microwave-assisted NaOH and H2SO4 pretreatments with 15:1 liquid-to-solid ratio were studied by varying chemical concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time to optimize the amount of the monomeric sugars. The changes in structure of grasses were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Of all grasses studied, the one giving the most amount of monomeric sugar was chosen to study the ethanol production. After the grass underwent through the two-stage pretreatment, it was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. Glucose, the source of ethanol fermentation, was obtained after the hydrolysis process. The grass hydrolyzate was over limed at various pHs; and then sodium sulfite was added to remove inhibitory compounds and degradation products, such as furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural. Yeast population count was studied under a microscope. The change of glucose concentration in the hydrolyzate was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the production of ethanol was determined using gas chromatography (GC).
WHITENING TOOTHPASTE EFFECT ON GLOSS, SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND COLOUR STABILITY OF PROVISIONAL RESTORATIVE MATERIALS
Authors:   , Andryas Ika
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effect of whitening toothpaste on gloss, surface roughness, and colour stability of provisional restorative materials. Material and Methods: Three provisional restorative materials were evaluated; Unifast Trad (UT), Protemp4 (PT) and TelioC&B (TC). One direct composite resin, Filtek Z250XT (FT), was chosen as control. Two toothpastes, Colgate Optic Whitening® (CO), and Colgate Proven Cavity Protection® (CP), and deionized water (DI) without toothpaste were selected as the brushing media in this study. Gloss, surface roughness, and colour were measured before and after 10,000 (10k) brushing cycles with each brushing media. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the gloss change (∆G), surface roughness change (∆Ra), and colour change (∆E) of each material with all brushing media. Results: FT, TC and UT showed significant decrease in gloss after brushing with CO. Only PT did not show significant difference in gloss after brushing with all media. All materials showed significant increase in Ra after brushing with CO. No significant difference in ∆E were observed in all materials except TC which showed significant change in ∆E after brushing with CO compared to DI. Conclusion: Brushing with whitening toothpaste (CO) caused significant reduction in gloss of all materials except bis-acryl composite resin (PT) and significant increase in surface roughness of all materials when compared to DI. ∆E of all materials, after brushing with all media, were within 50/50% acceptability threshold (∆E <2.7).
Association between arsenic exposure and diabetes in Ronpiboon District Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand : case control research
Authors:   , Sripaoraya Kwanyuen
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease resulting from diminished insulin production by pancreas (type 1) or the ineffective use of insulin by the body (type 2). Known risk factors for DM, especially DM type2, include older age, obesity; unbalanced diet, physical inactivity, stress, family history, and genetic polymorphisms. Chronic arsenic exposure at high level was considered as additional DM risk factors, but inconclusive epidemiological results still exist. Contamination of arsenic in environment had been found since 1987 in Ronphiboon district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand. The increased rates of DM patients in that area also led us to the investigation of DM risk factors, to add more information for DM risk mitigation. Thus, this study focused on investigation of determinants of DM type2 risk among residents of 3 Moo Ban (villages) of Ronphiboon sub-district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand. Methods: This unmatched and matched case-control studies aimed to compare the socioeconomic as well as low dose arsenic exposure patterns between villagers with DM Type 2 (Cases, N=185) and those who had not been diagnosed with DM (controls, N=200 for unmatched; N=185 for matched). The data used were based on previous community-based studies in 2000 and 2008. The technique of Multiple Imputation (MI), with the Predictive Mean Matching (PMM, an imputation method used to prevent negative value after MI) was used to impute missing values for independent variables. The stepwise modelling was constructed to investigate the influence of socio-economic background and arsenic-related independent variables on DM risk. For fully imputed two data set of cases-unmatched controls and cases-matched controls, multiple logistic regression and conditional logistic (cox model) were respectively used to assess associations. Results: BMI (p=<0.001, 0.007), age (p=0.003, unmatched), and history of sibling illness (p=0.021, 0.031), drinking (p=0.002, matched) were statistically significantly associated with increased risk of DM type 2, whereas having motorcar (representing better economic status, p= 0.020, 0.010), exercise (p=0.051, 0.027) were associated with lower DM type2 risk in the unmatched and matched case-control, respectively. We did not observe convincing association of water arsenic concentration with diabetes risk in both unmatched and matched controls studies. Conclusions: Our findings on sociodemographic information of both unmatched and matched case control studies, confirm that older age, BMI, having history of illness in siblings were the determinants for increased DM type2, whereas having better economic status, exercise were associated with lower DM type2 risk in this area. Our analysis suggested no association between water arsenic concentration and DM type2 risk, though a limit inconsistent association was identified for the use evidence of rain water year 2008. Further research is needed on this topic.
Effectiveness of agrochemical safety program to prevent health effects among chili farmers in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand
Authors:   , Nganchamung Thitirat
Published: November 2023

Agrochemicals e.g. pesticides and chemical fertilizers are broadly used in agriculture throughout Thailand. Improper uses of agrochemicals lead to health and environmental problems. This study aims to evaluate effectiveness of an agrochemical safety program to prevent health effects related to agrochemical exposure among chili farmers. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Huaruea subdistrict, Mueang district, Ubon Ratchathani province. Agrochemical safety program consisted of 4 components: 1) Agrochemical safety training with practical demonstrations using Tapioca Starch Tracer technique; 2) Educational media for promoting agrochemical safety behaviors i.e. VCDs and booklets; 3) Providing personal protective equipment i.e. chemical safety goggles, respirators, and gloves; and 4) Peer facilitators. A total of 73 chili farmers completely participated in this study (experimental group = 32, control group = 41). Face-to-face interviews were performed to gather information about agrochemical safety knowledge, self-efficacy, and behaviors as well as health effects related to agrochemical exposure. Both enzymes: erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma cholinesterase (PChE) were tested with the EQM Test-mate Cholinesterase Test System (Model 400). Hand wipe samples were used for collecting residues on both hands and OP residues for chlorpyrifos and profenofos were measured using gas chromatography equipped with flame photometric detector (GC-FPD). Findings revealed that agrochemical safety program had significant effects on improving agrochemical safety knowledge score, self-efficacy score, behavior score, and AChE activity as well as reducing the number and severity scores of symptoms related to agrochemical exposure (Repeated measure ANOVA, p <0.001). However, the program showed no significant effects on improving PChE activity and reducing OP residues on hands. This study suggested that the program is effective to prevent health effects related to agrochemical exposure among chili farmers. Therefore, it should be introduced to other areas where have similar crops and agricultural activities. Moreover, it could be delivered to local partners e.g. public health officers, village health volunteers, and farmer representatives by training the agrochemical safety trainers to extend the study findings.
Experiential learning with empowerment strategies and social support in grandmothers to improve exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of the baby's life in adolescent mothers
Authors:   , Bootsri Wilasinee
Published: November 2023

Adolescent mothers have lower rates of exclusive breastfeeding than adult mothers.  In Thai society, grandmothers are influential person to promote and support breastfeeding.  This study provided grandmothers about breastfeeding knowledge under the process of experiential learning, empowerment strategies and social support.  The purpose of this study was to improve the rate and duration of exclusive. A quasi- experiment was implemented in two hospitals with 84 pairs of adolescent mothers and grandmothers (Intervention, n=42 pairs; Control, n= 42 pairs).  Assessment was conducted by face to face interview at baseline, 2-, 6-month after delivery.  Data were analyzed using Fish's exact test, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, paired t-test, independent t-test and repeated measure ANOVA.  The findings revealed that adolescent mothers in the intervention group had the EBF rates 28.57% whereas adolescent mothers in the control group had EBF rates 4.76% and the proportion of EBF between two groups were 6 times.  The median of EBF duration in the intervention group was 90 days meanwhile the control group was 0 days because most of them reported that no EBF.  Furthermore, the knowledge, attitude, practice regarding breastfeeding and perceived social support of adolescent mothers and grandmothers in the intervention group had higher than the control group.  Research suggests that experiential learning with empowerment strategies and social support program is appropriate in educating grandmothers in order to promote and support breastfeeding.
Prevalence and quality of life with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among the working women in reproductive age group
Authors:   , Prungsin Thipsiri
Published: November 2023

This study was a cross-sectional which carried out in Bangkok from July to August 2016. To survey the prevalence and quality of Life with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among the working women in reproductive age group including the factors that associated with PMS. PMS is the condition with one or more of the various symptoms to affect a daily life, job, and the person’s life style which performs before and disappears after menstruation. A consecutive sample of 114 participants recruited from one private company; skincare clinic. Data collected by using self-reported questionnaires. The descriptive statistics evaluated by mean ± SD, percentage (n = %), odd ratio (OR), and 95% confidential interval (CI). Continuous and categorical data analyzed by Student’s t-test and chi-square (or Fisher’s exact test). The association between factors and PMS occurrence were identified by Logistic regressions. To determine the significant factors associated with PMS. All tests were two-sided, and had a significant level at a p-value < 0.05. The mean age of this sampling group was 34.48 ± 7.75 years. Prevalence of moderate to severe PMS which determined as PMS was 11.4% and mild PMS/no PMS was 88.6%. Prevalence of PMS from this study is not quite difference from the previous studies in other ethnicity such as US, European, or in Asian such as Japanese and Thai. Only 3 factors were associated with PMS i.e. age, the younger age with mean 30.0 ± 8.0 years had more PMS, marital status; a single had more PMS, and education level; bachelor and master degree also had more PMS, significantly (p<0.05). QOL classified in 4 domains; In PMS group, “Physical Health” was 12.40±1.80, “Psychological” was 13.23±2.27, “Social Relationship” was 15.59±2.80, and “Environment” was 13.35±2.40. In PMS population, quality of life is not difference from non-PMS. Also PMS is not affected to any domain of quality of life.
Microscopic and molecular authentication of selected cassia species endemic to Thailand and evaluation of aloe-emodin contents in cassia garrettiana and cassia grandis leaves
Authors:   , Sihanat Anusara
Published: November 2023

The genus Cassia L, belongs to the Caesalpiniaceae family, has been widely used as herbs, foods and ornamental plants for a long time. Due to the similar morphology and vernacular name, the identification of these species is perplexed. This study aimed to distinguish 16 Cassia spp. existing in Thailand using macroscopic examination, microscopic examination and AFLP fingerprinting as well as the quantitative analysis of aloe-emodin contents in C. garrettiana and C. grandis leaves collected from 15 different locations in Thailand was also developed and validated using thin-layer chromatography densitometry and thin-layer chromatography image analysis with ImageJ software. The macroscopic characteristics and transverse section of leaf through midrib were illustrated by drawing. Transverse section of leaf through midrib observed under the light microscope showed the anatomical characteristics of epidermis, palisade cells, spongy cells, vascular bundle, parenchyma and collenchyma. Leaf trichome characteristic and number observed under the light microscope and scanning electron microscopy showed the uniseriate, uni- or multicellular non-glandular and multicellular glandular trichome. However, some Cassia spp. had absent of trichome. Cassia javanica L. had the highest trichome number in both dorsal (78.94±2.86) and ventral (127.39±2.46) surfaces of the leaf whereas Cassia surattensis Burm. f. had the lowest trichome number found only on ventral (3.46±0.80) surface. The AFLP fingerprint among 16 selected Cassia spp. indicated that eleven primer combinations produced a total of distinct and reproducible 849 bands with an average 77.18 bands per primer combinations. The genetic relationship based on amplified AFLP bands showed the similarity index (SI) ranged from 0.25 to 0.78. The quantitative analysis of aloe-emodin contents from 15 sources of Cassia garrettiana Craib and Cassia grandis L. f. using TLC-densitometry with winCATS software and TLC-image analysis with ImageJ software found that C. garrettiana dried crude drug had 0.035±0.007 and 0.035±0.006 g% of aloe-emodin contents whereas in C. grandis dried crude drug had 0.412±0.067 and 0.413±0.075 g% of aloe-emodin contents, respectively. Both methods were developed and validated in term of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantitation and robustness. The data obtained from this study provided useful information for identification of selected Thai Cassia spp. and provided the aloe-emodin contents in C. garrettiana and C. grandis leaves.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITIONS OF LEPTOCARPUS DISJUNCTUS
Authors:   , Damjuti Watchara
Published: November 2023

Leptocarpus disjunctus Mast., the edible plant which has an indigenous warning about its side effects for dizziness and drowsiness symptoms. However, there are no scientific evidences on these activities and also the nutritional compositions report. Hence, this research aimed to investigate hypnotic and anxiolytic activities using animal models, and to provide nutritional compositions. L. disjunctus showed high vitamin C content. They mainly contained linoleic acid and linolenic acid. They had a high level of potassium and phosphorus. In addition, anxiolytic activities were evaluated in mice and rats using locomotor determination by evaluated plus maze test, open field test and rotarod performance test. Hypnotic activities were performed using preliminary of sleep analysis in Drosophila melanogaster and pentobarbitone sodium induced sleeping time test in mice. The sleep architecture and sleep quality in rats were obtained from sleep-wake analysis and NREM delta activity using electroencephalograph. L. disjunctus showed the effective potencies for hypnotic tests, locomotors activities and sleep-wake analysis. They showed a dose relationship in sleeping time of pentobarbitone induced sleeping time test (p<0.01) and also showed an antagonistic effect on the shortening in sleep time induced by flumazenil. The consort results in locomotors activities and results in sleeping time and NREM sleep can be summarized that the ethanolic extract of L. disjunctus has a tendency to be a hypnotic and anxiolytic plant which possibly has benzodiazepine-like hypnotic activity. Moreover, this study created a nutritional data and provided nourishment of L. disjunctus.
AESTHETICS OF ANIMATED MOVIE POSTER ILLUSTRATION "SI JUKI THE MOVIE"
Authors: Pramayasa I Made Hendra Mahajaya , Yasa Gede Pasek Putra Adnyana , Putra Gede Lingga Ananta Kusuma
Published: November 2023

Purpose: In animated films, posters serve as a means to convey story illustrations. The visuals of the poster become an attraction for the audience or fans. Signs help the audience understand the purpose and message to be given. The information content of animated film works can be displayed through carefully arranged images or text and apply elements of art and art principles to create beauty.

Research methods: To deepen the understanding of the value of beauty contained in the poster that is the focus of the research, the author analyses the illustrations presented through the description of aesthetic elements and principles concerning Herbert Read's objective theory. This article describes the accurate beauty values reflected in the objects in the poster of "Si Juki The Movie, Committee for the End of Days. This article presents a conclusion about aesthetics that can be identified through the elements and principles of aesthetics contained in the work.

Findings:Film posters have the potential as a means to disseminate information using aesthetically designed illustrations of images and text. Through applying aesthetic elements and principles, movie posters can create a value of beauty that visualising shapes, colours, and motifs can easily understand. Based on the analysis, the animated movie poster "Si Juki The Movie" has a beauty implied in the aesthetic elements contained in the shapes, colours, and motifs displayed on the sign.

Implications: The results of this research are expected to increase public knowledge about the elements and principles of aesthetics interpreted through objective beauty in an animated film poster work.
Manajemen Pengembangan Kompetensi Pendidik Pada Lembaga Pendidikan Yang Berafiliasi Dengan LP Ma’arif NU Nganjuk Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Irvana Wahyu
Published: November 2023

Educators are an important element in learning, which is a significant part of education. The COVID-19 pandemic period that has lasted since the beginning of 2020 requires educators to adapt to the situation and the distance learning process. LP Ma'arif NU Nganjuk seeks various programs to improve the competence of educators during the pandemic. The research method uses a descriptive-qualitative approach by conducting observations, tracing digital reports, and interviewing the administrators of Ma'arif NU Nganjuk Prison. The results showed that the management of educator competency development at educational institutions affiliated with LP Ma'arif NU Nganjuk during the COVID-19 pandemic was neatly managed, varied, and based on the needs of educational institutions. The development of educator competence is carried out in two areas, namely competence in the field of learning strategies and competence in the non-academic field.
Kontribusi Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis Dalam Mengatasi Krisis Lahan
Authors: Habibah Meinurul
Published: November 2023

This paper intends to explore the concepts contained in the guidelines of the Muslims and how to form their contribution in overcoming the land crisis. The results of this search obtained several points of conclusion about the role of Islam in efforts to realize agrarian justice in the Qur'an and Hadith. The contribution is in the form ofideal-concept and praxis. The ideals contained in the Qur'an and hadith include: 1) The Earth and all belong to Allah which is entrusted to man to be managed for the sake of life, 2) forbidding land grabs,3) support the dead land 4) unionize in managing agrarian resources, 5) divide the land to the buds and 6) implement a policy of public property / hima.These concepts are the foundation that carries the vision of Islam that prioritizes the life of 'adl wa al-ihsan. While the praxis form of contributionsthat have been given to the state, manifested into the role of scholars who have participated in formulating the UUPA in 1960.
Manajemen Strategik MAN 1 Nganjuk Dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Publik
Authors: Ali Fauzi Moh , Chotimah Chusnul
Published: November 2023

Lembaga Pendidikan sebagai organisasi sektor publik mempunyai tugas  memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik  dalam rangka menciptakan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pada penelitian ini pembahasan akan difokuskan pada manajeman strategi yang diterapkan oleh MAN 1 Nganjuk dalam memberikan pelayanan terbaik kepada masyarakat. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Artikel ini diulas dengan harapan mampu memberikan fakta yang komprehensif tentang manajemen strategik yang diterapkan oleh MAN 1 Nganjuk dalam memberikan pelayanan terhadap masyrakat sehingga dapat meningkatkan minat masyarakat dalam menggunakan jasa Pendidikan di MAN 1 Nganjuk.
Pengaruh Makanan Fortifikasi Terhadap Kasus Stunting Anak
Authors: Divania Aliyya
Published: November 2023

Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak akibat kekurangan gizi kronis dan infeksi berulang terutama pada periode 1000 hari pertama kehidupan (HPK) yaitu dari janin hingga usia 24 bulan. Fortifikasi adalah praktik yang dilakukan secara sengaja untuk meningkatkan kandungan satu atau lebih mikronutrien (yaitu, vitamin dan mineral) dalam makanan atau bumbu untuk meningkatkan kualitas gizi pasokan makanan dan memberikan manfaat kesehatan masyarakat. Artikel reviu ini bertujuan untuk membahas pengaruh baik makanan fortifikasi kepada anak yang mengalami stunting. Artikel ini ditulis dengan mengumpulkan artikel-artikel penelitian sebelumnya yang terkait dengan isi artikel. Artikel-artikel penelitian ditemukan dengan database elektronik berupa pencarian perpustakaan, yaitu Cambridge, BMC, CME, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Artikel yang dikaji sebanyak 21 artikel. Hasil penelusuran artikel ini adalah bahwa defisiensi mikronutrien (MN) merupakan hal yang umum terjadi pada masalah kesehatan di masyarakat, khususnya pada bayi dan anak-anak di banyak negara berpenghasilan rendah dan menengah. Tingkat stunting sebagai dampak kurang gizi pada balita di Indonesia melampaui batas yang ditetapkan WHO. Beberapa strategi telah terbukti efektif dalam menyelesaikan defisiensi mikronutrien diantaranya adalah pendekatan berbasis makanan, suplementasi mikronutrien, dan fortifikasi makanan pokok.
A new revolutionary workflow for a unified collection of citations: say hello to the OpenCitations Index
Authors: Di Giambattista Chiara
Published: November 2023

 Blog post by Ivan Heibi (University of Bologna), Arianna Moretti (University of Bologna) and Chiara Di Giambattista (University of Bologna).  In the past five years, the OpenCitations data has been enriched with numerous new indexes of open citation data from different sources.
Defining terminals' efficiency in a seaport using data envelopment analysis
Authors: Đelović Deda
Published: November 2023

Efficiency is the capability of a port or terminal to fit the optimum number of inputs to a given output level. In principle, there are three required elements for measuring efficiency: decision making unit (DMU), output variables, and input variables. The measurement of efficiency in production units and the identification of sources of their inefficiency is a precondition to improve performance of any production unit in a competitive environment. Many research studies have been conducted around the world for efficiency assessment in the maritime sector, including ports/terminals utilizing different methods, but in the significant percentage of those studies have been used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and DEA-based approaches. After some general theoretical considerations on port/terminal efficiency and standard approaches for its measuring, elements related to a research of seaport terminals overall efficiency, using DEA-CCR input oriented method is shown. Four port terminals are taken into consideration and their efficiency scores are calculated using appropriate software, based on established data series-values of input/output variables-related to the cargo handling system in the Port of Bar (Montenegro).
Fault detection and separation of hybrid electric vehicles based on kernel orthogonal subspace analysis
Authors: Wang Yonghui , Deprizon Syamsunur , Peng Cong , Zhang Zhiming
Published: November 2023

Driving quality and vehicles safety of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are two hot-topic issues in automobile technology. Nowadays, research focuses to more intelligent and convenient HEVs fault detection methods. This paper will focus on the fault detection of HEV powertrain system with a data-driven algorithm. Orthonormal subspace analysis (OSA) is a newly proposed data-driven method which adds the ability of fault separation. Nonetheless, the linear OSA algorithm cannot effectively detect powertrain system faults, since these faults present complex nonlinear characteristics. A new kernel OSA (KOSA) method is proposed to transform the nonlinear problem into a linear problem through the mapping of kernel function and the dimensionality reduction technique of OSA. Testing results on a nonlinear model and real samples of XMQ6127AGCHEVN61 HEV show that KOSA address the nonlinear problems and it performs better than OSA and kernel principal component analysis (KPCA)
Northern Africa or Central Iran? An Investigation in Production Place of a Fragmentary Kufic Qurʼan at the J. Paul Getty Museum
Authors: Sahragard Mahdi
Published: November 2023

One of the ambiguities in the history of Islamic calligraphy is the determination of the regions where each script prevailed in the first three Hijri centuries. This ambiguity is due to the dispersion of book leaves and the lack of reliable colophons in early copies. The J. Paul Getty Museum preserves a few leaves of a Qurʼan that is one of the significant examples of Early Abbasid style. This Qurʼan was discovered in Kairouan, Tunisia, so historians have attributed its origin to that place. Yet, evidence proves it was produced in Central Iran. This evidence includes the eastern-system diacritic and the Abjad script used in the sign for the numeral ten āyahs; moreover, its script resembles the monumental script of some of the signed New style Qurʼans copied in Isfahan and Rayy. Because the Getty Qurʼan is copied in D.I script (the subgroup described by codicologist and paleographer François Déroche), the D.I script can be attributed to Central Iran.
“Odeio coletivos e vou de carro que comprei à prestação”: humor e crítica social em “Classe média”, de Max Gonzaga
Authors: Campos Roberta Carvalho Pereira , Machado Adelcio Camilo
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que tomou como objeto a canção “Classe média”, de Max Gonzaga. Composta e lançada em 2005, a canção não só obteve repercussões à época de seu lançamento, mas também em períodos posteriores, o que gerou o interesse em estudá-la de modo mais detido. Para isso, foi realizada uma análise documental de sua gravação tendo como principal referencial a semiótica da canção para desvelar as relações que se estabelecem entre letra e música para a produção de seus sentidos. As análises mostram que a canção constrói, através da chave do humor, uma crítica ao alinhamento de setores inter­mediários da sociedade brasileira à ideologia das elites, revelando ainda a importância da me­lodia, da harmonia e das escolhas interpretativas para o estabelecimento de seu caráter irônico e caricatural. Adicionalmente, foi possível perceber que a canção possui ainda uma segunda voz poética, que se inscreve no cantar do próprio enunciador e traz uma dimensão autorrefle­xiva, em tom mais lamentoso. Diante disso, entendeu-se que a presença dessas duas vozes poé­ticas se constituiria como uma forma de exprimir um certo pensamento cindido que se faria presente em indivíduos de classe média.
To study the demographic profile of HCC patients and the pattern of clinical characteristics in a tertiary care centre of north western India
Authors: Chandey Manish , Singh Parminder
Published: November 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignancy globally and the fifth most common cancer worldwide. This retrospective study, spanning six years, explores the shifting etiological patterns of HCC in Northwestern India, particularly influenced by factors like Hepatitis B and C endemics, alcohol consumption, and vaccination programs. Data from 164 HCC patients reveal a significant shift, with Hepatitis C surpassing Hepatitis B as the primary etiological factor. The study highlights the distinctive HCC profile in Northwestern India, emphasizing the imperative to address HCV as a silent precursor to HCC and the need for enhanced surveillance and intervention strategies. The findings underscore the significance of controlling alcohol abuse, managing cirrhosis complications, and the urgency for improved diagnostic markers beyond AFP. The study prompts a reevaluation of vaccination interventions and advocates for heightened screening measures to detect and mitigate HCV-related HCC at earlier stages.
Management of Pediatric Upper Extremity Scald Burn in a Tertiary care hospital
Authors: T Dharmaseelan , Chittoria Ravi Kumar , P Barath Kumar Singh
Published: November 2023

Burns injuries are a common presentation of childhood injuries. The majority of admissions result from scalds, followed by contact and flame burns. The incidence of burns is higher in children than adults, and it starts when they begin to reach up for things and also because of more vulnerability and inability to move away from the causative agent. Although the upper extremity constitutes approximately 18% of the total body surface area, the sequelae and subsequent functional outcomes following upper extremity burns significantly impact the quality of life for the affected children. Appropriate initial management commencing from the acute phase in children remains of great importance in optimizing functional outcomes and minimizing long-term scar formation. In this case report, we discuss the management of upper extremity scald burn wounds in our center.
The Significance Of Student Associations To Leadership Development
Authors: Mohammed Rasheed Igbal,  , Ubaadah Bin Iqbaal,  , Neelam Hazoor Zaidi,  , Shaista Snehal Kumar
Published: November 2023

Student Associations are an invaluable tool for fostering leadership skills and growth. Student associations usually exist to fulfil students' needs in their study journey while at the university. Whether it is the need for infrastructure development or good academics results in enjoyable student-to-student social experiences. The students of the student association engage with stakeholders, and school faculties, hold meetings, organize sporting events with other universities and so forth. While these students join the associations to support each other as experts, outcomes are also a win-win situation as they inherit various expertise and skills for their future careers. These include leadership skills, character building, increased confidence, and expert guidance to accomplish their goals and tasks. Student associations also offer a platform to practice communication, problem-solving, and decision-making. Through collaboration with peers, students can learn to navigate difficult conversations and find creative solutions to challenging problems. This type of experience is invaluable for developing future leaders. This literature discusses the influences of student associations when it comes to the leadership development of a student.
Sprachrohr für zwei Seiten
Authors: Kühne Marius
Published: November 2023

Der Trend geht zu parlamentarischen Polizeibeauftragten. Nachdem bereits acht Bundesländer derartige Stellen geschaffen haben, legen die Ampel-Fraktionen nun den Gesetzesentwurf für eine:n Polizeibeauftragte:n beim Deutschen Bundestag vor. Vor dem Hintergrund, dass Deutschland seit Jahrzehnten massive institutionelle Defizite bei der unabhängigen und menschenrechtskonformen Aufarbeitung von polizeilichem Fehlverhalten hat, ist die Initiative überfällig. In seiner derzeitigen Ausgestaltung wird der:die Polizeibeauftragte des Bundestags diese Erwartungen nur begrenzt erfüllen können.
Schuldenbremse und Klimawandel
Authors: Hohnerlein Jakob
Published: November 2023

Das Urteil des BVerfG vom 15.11.2023 zum Zweiten Nachtragshaushaltsgesetz 2021 stellt die Ampelkoalition vor enorme Herausforderungen. Wichtige Förderprogramme zum Übergang in eine möglichst emissionsfreie Wirtschaftsweise sind akut gefährdet. Da ist es wenig verwunderlich, dass das Urteil auch kritische Reaktionen ausgelöst hat. Ich halte es im Ergebnis ebenfalls für bedenklich, dass schuldenfinanzierte Investitionen in den klimaverträglichen Umbau der Wirtschaft kategorisch ausgeschlossen werden. Ich sehe aber nicht, dass dieses Ergebnis auf der Ebene der Verfassungsinterpretation zu vermeiden gewesen wäre. Vielmehr wird deutlich, dass die Regelung des Art. 115 Abs. 2 GG dringend auf den Prüfstand gehört. Die Verfassung sollte die politischen Akteure nicht auf eine einseitige Sicht der Wirtschaftspolitik und ein verkürztes Verständnis von Generationengerechtigkeit festlegen.
Analysis Of Problems In The Marketing Mix Against Customer Loyalty in Cerita Kita Cafee
Authors: Yusnanto Tri , Adiyatman Aryo , Barroso Uwe
Published: November 2023

Coffee lovers in Indonesia in every year continues to rise according to 2016 until 2023. Consumption of coffee as a beverage or Ready to Drink (RTD) is becoming more significant in Indonesia especially in Cerita Kita Cafee & as an animo of this time. Compulsory marketing mix is carried out using caution because it is a misleading one aspect of the akbar on the venture. This research aims to determine the effect of marketing mix variables on consumer loyalty variables. Methodologically, the paper is an explanatory research that reveals variable interactions using other variables using hypothesis submissions. There are 100 respondents who are expected in this study to use public news online. The sample is based on respondents who have visited Cerita Kita Cafee at the Store in Magelang. The data in this study was then analyzed using double linear regression using IBM SPSS 22. The test results against the 7th hypothesis is that the marketing mix has a significant influence on consumer loyalty. Hopefully this research can be used as a benchmark for our Cafee's story party to improve and expand efforts in the coming days.