bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Currículo e Saberes:
Authors: Costa Elenilda Moreira de Sá
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho traz a temática sobre o currículo e suas implicações no contexto escolar e nas múltiplas leituras de mundo, tendo como a questão central a influência do currículo na construção de saberes. Esta pesquisa pretende contribuir para o estudo sobre uma educação que seja emancipatória, bem como, para ressignificar as práticas educativas em prol da autonomia dos sujeitos curriculantes. A fundamentação teórica foi embasada em Freire (2010), Gadotti (2010), Candau (2009) e Fleuri (2002). Optou-se pela abordagem metodológica qualitativa, com estudo descritivo. A metodologia do trabalho baseia-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e relato de experiência da transformação de um lixão em um espaço de convivência na Escola Municipal Sociedade Fraternal em Salvador-Ba, no ano de 2018. Trata-se de uma reflexão teórica e empírica.  O estudo evidenciou que é possível construir um currículo vivo e contextualizado a práticas pedagógicas vivenciadas e experienciadas no cotidiano escolar.
PROSESI KHITBAH DI INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF LOCAL WISDOM DAN QAIDAH FIQH
Authors: Sulihkhodin Mohammad Alfin
Published: May 2021

In an initial process leading to marital ties is identical to the procession of the sermon as the delivery a serious will to get married. Where in general, the family of men first conveyed their intentions to the women. The implementation of sermon is considered important in order to avoid a regret in the future, considering the divorce rate is pretty much happening lately in Indonesia. This research was conducted in literature study, based on consideration of the provisions of the sermon in view of the local wisdom and qaidah fiqh. The procession of sermons in Indonesia as long as they dont conflict with the principles of fiqh and are of good value, the law is good and highly recommended to be implemented.
TINJAUAN ANTROPOLOGI HUKUM DAN MAQASHID AL-SYARIAH TENTANG PERKAWINAN USIA DINI
Authors: Hakim Abdurrahman
Published: May 2021

This research aims to analyze the existence of the asynchronous between the reality of the law in society and the existing law in the legislation concerning early marriage. For this reason, this research will be examined using the anthropological of law as an approach to find out three important aspects as objects of study of legal anthropology, namely knowledge of the community about law, the culture of community law, and the behavior of community law. After that, the case of early marriage will be analyzed using the theory of Maqhasid al-sharia. There are two reasons why this research needs to be studied using the theory of maqasid shariah. First, Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage is a manifestation of Islamic Law. Second, the community considers that early marriage is part of the teachings of Islam because it was once practiced by the Prophet and Aisha. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the type of library research. The data used are legislation, books, newspapers, journals, and online media.
A Case Study of Visually Impaired Student on A Learning Style and Learning Strategies in English Learning in Visually Impaired Charitable Institution Aisiyah Ponorogo
Authors: Galerin Yolanda Nadya , Indriastuti Niken Reti , Mustikawati Diyah Atiek
Published: May 2021

This research aimed to find out: (1) the difficulties that faced by Visually Impaired Students (2) the learning style that used by Visually Impaired Students (3) the learning strategiess that used by Visually Impaired Students. The type of research is descriptive qualitative research in the form of case study.. There are three visually impaired students, teacher, orphanage caregiver involved in this research. In this research, the researcher used observation, questionnaire and interview for instrument. Further the data analysis used Miles and Huberman model with the steps as following: data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The result shows that the difficulties appeared because there were in inclusive class. Almost of them felt difficult when the learning process was seeing the media such as presentation or watching a visual picture or videos. To overcome it they had different strategies.. The researcher classified that One students had memory strategies, compensation strategies and social strategies. One student used affective strategies. One student used metacognitive strategies. Based on the learning style, the most of visually impaired students were auditory learners. It can seen from all of Visually Impaired Students said that it more easier when listening to the teachers but if they didn’t understand they wrote the material first on the notebook. So, the Visually Impaired Student easier to understand the material that given by the teacher through listening. Visually Impaired Student at Charitable Institution ‘AisyiyahPonorogo didn’t have visual learning style because they were totally blind.
Lei Maria da Penha
Authors: Vollet Silviély , Taporosky Filho Paulo Silas
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo relata, de modo conciso, de que forma se estabeleceu o cenário no qual foi promulgada a lei n.º 11.340/2006, trazendo um pouco da história de vida de Maria da Penha Maia Fernandes, nome com o qual a lei acabou sendo “batizada”, expondo sua trajetória pelas Cortes e Comissões Internacionais que acabou resultando na criação da referida lei. Ainda, aponta-se para algumas das atualizações que a lei sofreu desde a sua edição até os dias atuais, uma vez que essa legislação foi criada em agosto de 2006, com o intuito coibir a violência doméstica e familiar praticada contra a mulher. Ao mesmo tempo, a lei procurou criar mecanismos para prevenir, punir e erradicar a violência contra a mulher, o qual tem por objetivo proteger a vida e estabelecer medidas de assistência e proteção às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica e familiar. Conforme se demonstra, as formas de violências praticadas contra a mulher no âmbito doméstico e no âmbito familiar se diferenciam em diferentes tipos de violência, tais como a física, a sexual, a psicológica, a moral e patrimonial, elencando-se breves apontamentos sobre cada tipo de violência. Por fim, indaga-se se aquilo que se observa nessa mais de década da lei possibilita elencar a Lei Maria da Penha como uma lei efetiva no sentido de combater a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher.
O sistema de precedentes no CPC/2015
Authors: Gomes Aline Vicenzi , Galio Morgana Henicka
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade apresentar, a partir do Código de Processo Civil de 2015, um estudo sobre o sistema de precedentes e jurisprudência brasileira, a fim de responder o seguinte questionamento: a utilização do sistema de precedentes previsto no CPC/2015 contribui para uniformização da jurisprudência? Para a elaboração do presente artigo usou-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, sendo aplicada a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, e ainda, um estudo de caso relevante para a questão.  Desta forma, foi analisada a necessidade da uniformidade, estabilidade e integridade das decisões judiciais e se há a aplicação na prática dos deveres de estabilidade, integridade e coerência no Poder Judiciário. Demonstrou-se que ainda com o sistema legal vigente, é possível encontrar em nosso ordenamento jurídico decisões dispares, sem a observância dos princípios de igualdade, legalidade e segurança jurídica, deixando o cidadão incrédulo e com falsa sensação de injustiça em nosso Sistema judiciário. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que é necessária a aplicação da teoria de precedentes para a uniformização da jurisprudência, para que os brasileiros possam dispor dos benefícios de previsibilidade, igualdade e efetividade nas decisões judicias.
condição dos refugiados e de seus direitos humanos no século XXI no Brasil
Authors: Machnicki Caroline Kuhl , Wechinewsky Patricia Minini
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho concentra-se nos Refugiados que deixam seus países de origem ou residência e buscam uma nova vida em outro. Como problema destaca-se o questionamento: como são garantidos os direitos humanos dos refugiados na atualidade (século XXI) no Brasil? Como hipótese aventa-se que apesar do Instituto do Refúgio ter se estagnado no final do século XX, atualmente com a evolução legislativa e políticas públicas o Brasil vem buscando meios de reforçar a proteção do direito humanitário aos refugiados. O objetivo geral consiste em analisar se os direitos humanos estão sendo garantidos aos refugiados que chegam ao Brasil neste século. Os objetivos específicos são apresentar brevemente a evolução histórica dos direitos humanos a nível mundial, a legislação brasileira em relação ao refúgio, bem como o órgão orientador e coordenador de proteção ao refugiado (CONARE) e elucidar o desenvolvimento dos direitos humanos e as medidas tomadas a partir do século XXI para a proteção e o amparo dos refugiados no Estado Brasileiro. Os conceitos a serem utilizados têm como marco teórico o direito internacional e nacional dos refugiados, a doutrina e legislação internacional e brasileira sobre o tema. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica, utilizando-se como delimitações: o espaço temporal do século XXI e o espaço geográfico dos refugiados que buscam se estabelecer no Brasil.
gestão participativa na PNRH
Authors: Gonschorowsky Fernanda Helena , De Moura Analice Schaefer
Published: May 2021

Aborda-se no presente artigo o direito fundamental à água enquanto uma expressão da dimensão ecológica da dignidade da pessoa humana: uma análise da participação social na Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos no Brasil, a partir da Lei n. 9.433 de 1997. É sempre relevante tratar da relação existente entre o ser humano e natureza, visto que dependemos dos recursos naturais para sobrevivência digna, e ao mesmo tempo contribuímos para a degradação deste, impedindo uma vida digna para as presentes e futuras gerações. Com efeito, pretende-se responder ao seguinte problema: Desse modo, pretende-se responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa, como ocorre a gestão participativa na Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos no Brasil, tomando por referência a dimensão ecológica da dignidade da pessoa humana? Para tanto, pretende-se compreender como é efetivada a gestão participativa da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos à luz da dimensão ecológica do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana. Deste modo, objetiva-se inicialmente compreender a dimensão ecológica do princípio dignidade da pessoa humana na ordem constitucional, analisar como o acesso e tratamento da água é realizado no Brasil e analisar a gestão participativa da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos. A técnica de pesquisa utilizada foi a bibliográfica (artigos e livros) e documental e o método de abordagem utilizado foi o dedutivo. Por fim, conclui-se que o acesso à água potável é necessário para uma existência digna do ser humano, assim como é indispensável a participação da comunidade na Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, buscando a democratização do acesso aos recursos hídricos.
imposto sobre grandes fortunas no direito comparado
Authors: Sbaraini Davi Alberto , Veiga Júnior João Carlos Valentim
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a elaboração de uma análise acerca do Imposto sobre Grandes Fortunas, oriundo da França, analisando diversos aspectos como: suas origens, sua fundamentação, seus objetivos, as razões da não instituição em nosso país, os objetivos sociais, os prováveis pontos desfavoráveis e favoráveis ao imposto, além da comparação da situação brasileira com países que já instituíram o IGF. Trata-se de um trabalho baseado em metodologia exploratória e abordagem qualitativa, fazendo uso de procedimento bibliográfico. Ao final, conclui-se que o imposto sobre grandes fortunas é de difícil regulamentação, observado o sistema político-econômico brasileiro, no qual as propostas de implementação do imposto sofrem com a dualidade política brasileira, impedindo a análise justa que cabe ao imposto.
despacho saneador e a atuação do juiz à luz do princípio da cooperação
Authors: Maia Mariele da , Mazzocco Manuella
Published: May 2021

Diante das inovações apresentadas pelo Código de Processo Civil de 2015, cuja sistemática estabeleceu um modelo colaborativo onde os sujeitos processuais foram instruídos a cooperar entre si, a análise da atuação do magistrado na fase de saneamento e organização do processo se mostra relevante. Os poderes-deveres do juiz insculpidos na legislação processual civil indicam as diretrizes para que a ação seja conduzida de maneira adequada, principalmente na ocasião do despacho saneador, que representa uma importante etapa do processo. Considerando que o novo CPC buscou conferir efetividade às decisões de mérito e garantir a duração razoável do processo e, utilizando-se do método dedutivo, através de pesquisa doutrinária, bibliográfica e documental, examina-se a influência do princípio da cooperação na atividade jurisdicional diante da decisão saneadora, bem como a falta de aplicação da legislação vigente pelo julgador, o que afeta consideravelmente o andamento processual e a própria resolução da lide.
adoção no Brasil
Authors: Sauer Pamela Vanessa Previatti , Ningelinki Adriane de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

De todas as modalidades de colocação de um infante em uma família substituta, a adoção é a modalidade mais completa, visto que insere a criança ou adolescente em um novo núcleo familiar a fim de que tenham uma nova vida digna, com amor, carinho e respeito. Mas até que a adoção se concretize, há um longo processo a ser percorrido. No entanto, são encontrados diversos óbices até que a adoção seja concretizada. O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender o que é adoção, bem como conhecer quais são as dificuldades e desafios encontrados por esses pais para realizar o tão esperado sonho de adotar. A técnica de pesquisa utilizada no estudo foi a bibliográfica, com pesquisas em livros e artigos e o método de abordagem utilizado foi o hipotético-dedutivo. Conclui-se, assim, que a morosidade no processo judicial de adoção, seja pela falta de servidor qualificado nas Varas da Infância e da Juventude, seja pelo excesso de processos, atrelada as tentativas de reinserção do infante na sua família de origem, bem como as exigências impostas pelos futuros pais quanto as características que seus futuros filhos acabam por contribuir em muito para que adoção se arraste por vários anos.
instituto da estabilidade do servidor público efetivo como instrumento para a qualidade, continuidade e efetividade do serviço público
Authors: Ferreira Silmar , Vailate Willian
Published: May 2021

A estabilidade consiste em uma garantia constitucional concedida aos servidores públicos efetivos, após o preenchimento de certas condições ou do advento de termo, cuja finalidade é impedir o desligamento do servidor sem a observância de certos requisitos estabelecidos pela própria Constituição. Atualmente, muito tem se discutido a respeito da necessidade de uma reforma administrativa sob a justificativa de que os servidores públicos consomem uma grande parte das receitas públicas sem dar a devida contrapartida, bem como que as garantias dadas a esses servidores freiam o Estado e inviabilizam a gestão. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto do instituto da estabilidade do servidor público efetivo na prestação de serviços públicos, identificando se ele tem um reflexo positivo ou negativo na qualidade, continuidade e efetividade do serviço público. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica, embasada no método dedutivo, constatou-se que a estabilidade, além de uma garantia do servidor, é uma garantia para a coletividade. Seu fundamento encontra-se na continuidade administrativa bem como na independência funcional do servidor, para que este tenha segurança em realizar seu trabalho sem sucumbir a pressões externas, garantindo-se, assim, que o interesse público seja atendido. Assim, pode-se concluir que, a existência de regramentos para a prestação dos serviços, bem como de garantias para os responsáveis por prestá-los é essencial para o bom funcionamento da máquina pública.
Repercussões da tomada de decisão apoiada na validade dos negócios jurídicos celebrados pela pessoa com deficiência
Authors: Santos Fabiana de Fátima Alves Vieira dos , Fante Cilmara Corrêa de Lima
Published: May 2021

O Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência introduziu na ordem jurídica modificações substanciais em relação à capacidade civil, alterando significativamente o regime de incapacidades. Assim, a pessoa com deficiência, em regra, será considerada plenamente capaz para o exercício de todos os atos da vida jurídica. Com o advento do Estatuto, ao lado da curatela, surgiu a tomada de decisão apoiada, medida que pode ser utilizada pela pessoa com deficiência como auxílio para a prática desses atos, mantendo incólume a sua capacidade. Desse modo, o presente estudo propõe-se a analisar a validade dos negócios jurídicos celebrados pela pessoa com deficiência sujeita à tomada de decisão, definidos no termo de apoio, que não contaram com o assentimento dos apoiadores. Para tanto, este trabalho se desenvolveu por meio da pesquisa qualitativa, cujo método de abordagem foi o dedutivo, utilizando-se como procedimento instrumental o bibliográfico, baseado em livros, artigos científicos, revistas científicas, legislações e projeto de lei. Na atualidade, o entendimento majoritário dos autores do direito é pela validade dos negócios jurídicos realizados sem a participação dos apoiadores, mesmo quando estes atos estejam envolvidos pelo apoio, não obstante haja divergências e poucas discussões sobre o assunto. Contudo, tal entendimento pode ser reformulado, diante da tramitação na Câmara dos Deputados do Projeto de Lei n. 11.091/2018, que em seu texto prevê a anulabilidade dos negócios jurídicos efetivados sem a observância das disposições da tomada de decisão homologada e inscrita no registro público.
embate entre o “politicamente correto” e a liberdade de expressão no âmbito jurídico
Authors: Silva Samara Cristiana da , Paula Alan Pinheiro de
Published: May 2021

Enquanto a liberdade de expressão garante e protege o modo de pensar, falar e demonstrar sem censura, o “politicamente correto” surge como forma de proteger minorias discriminadas e isoladas da sociedade. Nesse viés, o presente artigo tem como intuito compreender os limites da liberdade de expressão, analisar a função ocupada pelo “politicamente correto” na sociedade brasileira, identificar o resultado deste embate, bem como, demonstrar a importância do direito à liberdade de expressão. Ou seja, o presente artigo visa analisar como a sociedade brasileira vem se posicionando quanto ao embate entre a liberdade de expressão e o “politicamente correto”. Para tanto, o método de abordagem foi o dedutivo, através de pesquisa bibliográfica baseada na doutrina, artigos científicos e legislação pertinente. Por fim alguns autores e pesquisadores contemporâneos compreendem o “politicamente correto” como outro nome dado à educação. Há autores que compreendem o “politicamente correto” como uma forma de controle, qual tenta conter a liberdade de expressão até que fixe no indivíduo uma ideia diversa da que este possui naquele determinado momento. Constatou-se que a desproporcionalidade em relação ao que se não gosta é tamanha que se torna necessário ao indivíduo atingir unanimidade na sociedade, exterminando e oprimindo aqueles que pensarem de maneira diversa.
providência jurisdicional e a percepção de auxílio-doença à mulher vítima de violência doméstica
Authors: Assis Larissa da Silva de , Paula Alan Pinheiro de
Published: May 2021

A seguridade social compreende a interação entre os Poderes Públicos e a sociedade e tem como um de seus objetivos o direito à previdência social. Elencada como instrumento da ordem social, é classificada como direito fundamental de segunda geração e, desta forma, imprescindível a atuação do Estado. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi demonstrar a necessidade de o Estado amparar vítimas de violência doméstica por meio do benefício previdenciário auxílio-doença. Mesmo com a promulgação da Lei 11.340/2006 (Lei Maria da Penha), a prestação estatal é indispensável para atender as necessidades dessa categoria vulnerável. Com isso, esta pesquisa tomou como base decisão proferida pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça – STJ, que determinou ao Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social o pagamento do citado benefício às vítimas de violência doméstica, cabendo a esta autarquia, por sua vez, buscar o ressarcimento do erário diante da indisponibilidade do interesse público. O presente estudo deu-se pelo método indutivo e por meio de consultas bibliográficas, leitura de artigos, jurisprudência e interdisciplinaridade, a partir da apresentação e compreensão da providência jurisdicional à mulher vítima de violência doméstica.
influência da teoria do etiquetamento social na análise dos delitos
Authors: Zampieri Alexandre Ramiro , Puhl Eduardo
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo o estudo da influência que a teoria do etiquetamento social ou Labeling Approach Theory possui diante da análise dos delitos tanto pela comunidade jurídica quanto na comunidade leiga. Através das pesquisas bibliográficas buscou-se demonstrar os conceitos básicos de criminologia, etiquetamento social e a materialização da dessa teoria na sociedade atual. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo que mostrou fatos hipotéticos onde ocorreram diferentes delitos com o objetivo de verificar a reação dos entrevistados ao se deparem com certos rótulos que podem ser aprovados ou desaprovados na sociedade que vivem e com isso verificou-se a capacidade dessa rotulação afetar na forma que este crime será julgado. A análise dos dados da pesquisa de campo proporcionou a sensação de que pode haver certa influencia na análise de um delito a partir de um etiquetamento, principalmente se tratando da sociedade leiga.
A 4-DOF SCARA Robotic Arm for Various Farm Applications: Designing, Kinematic Modelling, and Parameterization
Authors: Roshanianfard Ali , Mengmeng Du , Nematzadeh Samira
Published: May 2021

The agriculture industry has faced various challenges nowadays. This research is the first part of a project that presents the designing process, kinematic modelling, and parameterization of a 4-DOF SCARA-type robotic arm specifically designed for work in an agricultural field in terms of seeding, watering, fertilizing, weeding, harvesting, and transporting. The designing of parameters, such as optimum degrees of freedom and component configuration, was done. The kinematic model was calculated using the Denavit-Hartenberg method. The structure of robot was developed for inertia reduction, smooth motion, and torque minimization. The results show that the working space, maximum front access, and side access of developed robotic arm were 11.4 m2, 2.9 m, and 2.4 m, respectively. The results indicate that the robot has sufficient surface coverage for defined farm work.
Spray Coverage and Biological Efficacy of Single, Twin Symmetrical, and Twin Asymmetrical Flat Fan Nozzles
Authors: Aliverdi Akbar , Borghei Masoud
Published: May 2021

Proper selection of nozzle type and spray volume is essential to optimize herbicide dose, reducing its adverse environmental effects. It has not been sufficiently evaluated which nozzle type (twin symmetrical flat fan nozzle or the twin asymmetrical one) is more efficient and whether pinoxaden application is more efficient at a low or high spray volume. The spray coverage of a single, twin symmetrical, and twin asymmetrical flat fan nozzles, each in the sizes of 110015, 11002, 110025, 11003, 11004, and 11005 on the moisture-sensitive papers (MSPs) was investigated. The biological efficacy of treatments using pinoxaden against wild oat was investigated. Unlike other nozzle types, the single flat fan nozzle could not cover MSP placed vertically behind the nozzle trajectory. Except for the latter, each nozzle type could cover the MSPs more efficiently with increase in nozzle size. Generally, the nozzles’ performance was twin symmetrical > single = twin asymmetrical flat fan nozzles. A larger nozzle size improved the coverage of MSPs but increased the effective dose (ED50; dose that gives a 50% reduction in dry weight), indicating a decrease in the efficacy of pinoxaden. Among all treatments, the lowest ED50 value was obtained by the twin symmetrical flat fan nozzle 110015 (5.2 g a.i. ha−1). The smaller, more concentrated droplets are required to achieve optimal pinoxaden efficacy against wild oat, which can be provided by a twin symmetrical flat fan nozzle with a smaller size.
Evidence From the Scientific Assessment of Electronic Cigarettes and Their Role in Tobacco Harm Reduction
Authors: Camacho Oscar M. , Ebajemito James K. , Coburn Steven , Prasad Krishna , Costigan Sandra , Murphy James J.
Published: May 2021

While smoking remains a main global cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, a potential inflection point has arrived where it could become possible for non-combustible nicotine products to displace cigarettes and reduce risk for smokers who transition completely from smoking. These have proven consumer satisfaction and are now widely and increasingly available globally. One of the most prominent of these nicotine products are electronic cigarettes (ECs), which are used daily by millions of current and former smokers. The category is not without controversy as these products are not risk free and can cause nicotine dependence. The differing interpretation of science assessing ECs has transpired into inconsistent regulation and product standards, providing an environment for its fragmented manufacturing base which allows for variable product quality and in turn, product quality variability has impacted on how they are viewed. In this review, we assess published scientific evidence to evaluate whether, on balance, ECs fulfil a tobacco harm reduction role by reducing health risks relative to smoking and providing a viable alternative for smokers while having limited appeal to non-smokers.
ERN1 knockdown modifies the impact of glucose and glutamine deprivations on the expression of EDN1 and its receptors in glioma cells
Authors: Minchenko Dmytro O. , Khita Olena O. , Tsymbal Dariia O. , Viletska Yuliia M. , Sliusar Myroslava Y. , Yefimova Yuliia V. , Levadna Liudmyla O. , Krasnytska Dariia A. , Minchenko Oleksandr H.
Published: May 2021

Objective. The aim of the present investigation was to study the impact of glucose and gluta-mine deprivations on the expression of genes encoding EDN1 (endothelin-1), its cognate receptors (EDNRA and EDNRB), and ECE1 (endothelin converting enzyme 1) in U87 glioma cells in response to knockdown of ERN1 (endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1), a major signaling pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress, for evaluation of their possible implication in the control of glioma growth through ERN1 and nutrient limitations.

Methods. The expression level of EDN1, its receptors and converting enzyme 1 in control U87 glioma cells and cells with knockdown of ERN1 treated by glucose or glutamine deprivation by quantitative polymerase chain reaction was studied.

Results. We showed that the expression level of EDN1 and ECE1 genes was significantly up-regulated in control U87 glioma cells exposure under glucose deprivation condition in comparison with the glioma cells, growing in regular glucose containing medium. We also observed up-regulation of ECE1 gene expression in U87 glioma cells exposure under glutamine deprivation as well as down-regulation of the expression of EDN1 and EDNRA mRNA, being more significant for EDN1. Furthermore, the knockdown of ERN1 signaling enzyme function significantly modified the response of most studied gene expressions to glucose and glutamine deprivation conditions. Thus, the ERN1 knockdown led to a strong suppression of EDN1 gene expression under glucose deprivation, but did not change the effect of glutamine deprivation on its expression. At the same time, the knockdown of ERN1 signaling introduced the sensitivity of EDNRB gene to both glucose and glutamine deprivations as well as completely removed the impact of glucose deprivation on the expression of ECE1 gene.

Conclusions. The results of this study demonstrated that the expression of endothelin-1, its receptors, and ECE1 genes is preferentially sensitive to glucose and glutamine deprivations in gene specific manner and that knockdown of ERN1 significantly modified the expression of EDN1, EDNRB, and ECE1 genes in U87 glioma cells. It is possible that the observed changes in the expression of studied genes under nutrient deprivation may contribute to the suppressive effect of ERN1 knockdown on glioma cell proliferation and invasiveness.
µ-Crystallin: A thyroid hormone binding protein
Authors: Kinney Christian J. , Bloch Robert J.
Published: May 2021

µ-Crystallin is a NADPH-regulated thyroid hormone binding protein encoded by the CRYM gene in humans. It is primarily expressed in the brain, muscle, prostate, and kidney, where it binds thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and thermogenesis. It also acts as a ketimine reductase in the lysine degradation pathway when it is not bound to thyroid hormone. Mutations in CRYM can result in non-syndromic deafness, while its aberrant expression, predominantly in the brain but also in other tissues, has been associated with psychiatric, neuromuscular, and inflammatory diseases. CRYM expression is highly variable in human skeletal muscle, with 15% of individuals expressing ≥13 fold more CRYM mRNA than the median level. Ablation of the Crym gene in murine models results in the hypertrophy of fast twitch muscle fibers and an increase in fat mass of mice fed a high fat diet. Overexpression of Crym in mice causes a shift in energy utilization away from glycolysis towards an increase in the catabolism of fat via β-oxidation, with commensurate changes of metabolically involved transcripts and proteins. The history, attributes, functions, and diseases associated with CRYM, an important modulator of metabolism, are reviewed.
Thyroid hormone and thyroid hormone nuclear receptors: History and present state of art
Authors: Brtko Julius
Published: May 2021

The present review traces the road leading to discovery of L-thyroxine, thyroid hormone (3,5,3´-triiodo-L-thyronine, T3) and its cognate nuclear receptors. Thyroid hormone is a pleio-tropic regulator of growth, differentiation, and tissue homeostasis in higher organisms. The major site of the thyroid hormone action is predominantly a cell nucleus. T3 specific binding sites in the cell nuclei have opened a new era in the field of the thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) discovery. T3 actions are mediated by high affinity nuclear TRs, TRalpha and TRbeta, which function as T3-activated transcription factors playing an essential role as transcription-modulating proteins affecting the transcriptional responses in target genes. Discovery and characterization of nuclear retinoid X receptors (RXRs), which form with TRs a heterodimer RXR/TR, positioned RXRs at the epicenter of molecular endocrinology. Transcriptional control via nuclear RXR/TR heterodimer represents a direct action of thyroid hormone. T3 plays a crucial role in the development of brain, it exerts significant effects on the cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle contractile function, bone development and growth, both female and male reproductive systems, and skin. It plays an important role in maintaining the hepatic, kidney and intestine homeostasis and in pancreas, it stimulates the beta-cell proliferation and survival. The TRs cross-talk with other signaling pathways intensifies the T3 action at cellular level. The role of thyroid hormone in human cancers, acting via its cognate nuclear receptors, has not been fully elucidated yet. This review is aimed to describe the history of T3 receptors, starting from discovery of T3 binding sites in the cell nuclei to revelation of T3 receptors as T3-inducible transcription factors in relation to T3 action at cellular level. It also focuses on milestones of investigation, comprising RXR/TR dimerization, cross-talk between T3 receptors, and other regulatory pathways within the cell and mainly on genomic action of T3. This review also focuses on novel directions of investigation on relationships between T3 receptors and cancer. Based on the update of available literature and the author’s experimental experience, it is devoted to clinicians and medical students.
Effect of different drying processes on an antioxidant potential of three species of theLamiaceaefamily
Authors: Kwaśniewska-Karolak Izabella , Mostowski Radosław
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Spice plants are a rich source of biologically active compounds. Processes of drying, limits the development of microorganisms and biochemical reactions in raw herbs, at the same time modifies their chemical composition.

Objective:The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of drying process of selected plants on their anti-oxidant potential and the content of biologically active compounds.

Methods:The herbal materials thyme herb (Thymus vulgarisL.), sage leaves (Salvia officinalisL.) and rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis) were dried using two methods: convective (at 30° C), and freeze-drying. In both, fresh and subjected to drying processes herbs, changes in total polyphenol and antioxidant potential (with the DPPH radical), vitamin C (in the form of ascorbic acid) and chlorophyll pigments contents, were studied.

Results: The highest content of polyphenols and vitamin C was recorded in rosemary, while sage was characte- rized by the highest content of chlorophylls. It was found that the drying processes caused large losses of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and dyes in comparison to the fresh material. The highest losses of vitamin C occurred in convection dried sage (95%), while most was preserved in lyophilised thyme (losses 74%). Drying had also influenced the reduction of the content of chlorophylls with the largest loss of these compounds, at 94% observed in the freeze-dried rosemary. However, the content of polyphenols increased, underscoring a large impact on the antioxidant activity of herbs.

Conclusions:Drying processes resulted in the release of phenolic compounds, so their content increased three to four times in the case of rosemary and sage. The largest increase was observed in the case of lyophilised thyme. Simultaneously, the antioxidant potential was significantly increased. Herbal droughts proved to be a rich source of antioxidant compounds with promising applications as a food additive.
Evaluation of oxidative stress parameters in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome before and after surgery
Authors: Erjavec Vladimira , Vovk Tomaž , Svete Alenka Nemec
Published: May 2021

Introduction

Canine brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a conformation-related respiratory disorder of dog breeds having congenitally flattened facial and skull anatomy. The aim of the study was to determine oxidative stress parameters, the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in BOAS patients before and after surgical treatment and in healthy brachycephalic dogs.

Material and Methods

Nine healthy brachycephalic dogs that had not undergone surgery and 39 BOAS patients were included in the study. The BOAS patients were classified as grade 1 (5/34), grade 2 (16/34), and grade 3 (13/34) based on the decrease in the radius of the airway in the larynx. In BOAS patients, oxidative stress parameters were determined before and two weeks after surgery, while in control dogs, blood samples were collected only on inclusion to the study.

Results

All BOAS patients showed various degrees of improvement in clinical signs after surgery. Significantly lower (P < 0.05) SOD activity was found in grade 2 and 3 BOAS patients than in grade 1 patients. Two weeks after surgery, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in SOD activity in grade 2 and 3 patients was observed.

Conclusion

Antioxidant enzyme SOD may play an important role in BOAS and can be used as a biomarker of antioxidant status assessment in BOAS patients.
Cost Optimization and Risk Minimization During Teamwork Organization
Authors: Krynke Marek , Mielczarek Krzysztof , Kiriliuk Olga
Published: May 2021

In the paper the problem of personnel allocation under threat was presented. The possibilities of undertaking optimization measures in the process of workers’ health and safety and expenses incurred were emphasized. A mathematical model for this issue has been formulated. An algorithm solving the problem of staff allocation was presented. The evaluation criterion for this assignment was the minimization of worker safety risks. Simultaneous optimization of expenses incurred in the implementation of production tasks was taken into account. The productivity of the staff and all existing jobs with the skills of the employees also was considered. This problem was solved using GNU Octave. The example presented in the paper shows that in case of the most unfavorable allocation of tasks to employees, it will lead to a significant reduction in profits and may increase the risk of undesirable situations. The proposed analysis is the starting point for determining the risk in case of multi-position work.
Grouping of Major Changes in Conceptual Framework of Financial Reporting and Analysis of New Challenges
Authors: Shkulipa Liudmyla
Published: May 2021

This article aims to research the major changes in the Conceptual Framework of Financial Reporting; to find out the new gaps in the current document; to group the changes into categories; to analyze the current difficulties and consequences of these changes for a consistent understanding between standard-setters and practitioners. The Onion research model based on the quantitative data collection with elements of descriptive analysis was considered as important contributions to the research methodology of the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting investigation. As a result, a comparative analysis of the financial reporting concepts was made between July 1989, September 2010, and March 2018. The implications of results are two-fold. On the one hand, the revised Conceptual Framework is a more comprehensive set of concepts that enhance the understanding between practitioners and standard-setters. On the other hand, it consists of the new gaps most of them in the ―Updating” category. It is concluded that this innovation complicates the reporting process for practitioners because it requires using of additional judgments. Besides, the investigation shows some IFRS are not justified within only the Conceptual Framework that might be the subject for further research.
Offsprings Conceived Via Assisted Reproductive Technology By a Single Woman: A Matter of Father Identification
Authors: Anh Van Ngo Thi
Published: May 2021

This article sets out the matter of the sperm donor’s identification as the father of the offspring conceived via assisted reproductive technology (ART) by a single woman. Through the lens of current regulations that are used for comparison with some other countries, the author lays out some proposals relevant to the mentioned matter.
Asean is in the Movement of Combating Corruption: Should New - Generation Ftas Be a Promising Forum for Anti-Corruption Enforcement of Asean in International Business?
Authors: Le Ho Trung Hieu , Verances Jennifer B. , Van Hung Tran
Published: May 2021

For a long time, corruption has been a shrilling concern for ASEAN member states for the reason of being one of the primary causes restricting the integration of these nations into international trade and efforts at globalization. In fact, over the last few years, ASEAN has undertaken a myriad of policies and improved the regional legal framework to combat corruption such as the signing of UNCAC and new free trade agreements and the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community. Notwithstanding this, according to the statistics of global organizations, the levels of anti-corruption in ASEAN countries, except Singapore and Brunei, are relatively low. This mainly derives from the fact that the national legal framework in each of the member states has not satisfied fully when the political regime lacks democracy, governmental authority is insufficiently impartial and the awareness of citizens about corruption is still moderate. Simultaneously, the international agreements to which ASEAN member states signed are only the model for domestic enforcement mechanisms, and seem to be silent on international enforcement of anti-corruption. To date, the WTO is known as a global agency for international business, to which all ASEAN countries have acceded. Under the WTO, there is no official mechanism for enforcement of anti-corruption; nevertheless, this organization acknowledges, encourages and states indirectly this issue via transparency, accountability or governance in their agreements (Government Procurement Agreement and Trade Facilitation Agreement). Under the Doha negotiation round, WTO member states failed to gain consensus to dismantle tariffs, resulting in the emergence of a myriad of bilateral and regional trade agreements out of the scope of the WTO. These have gradually developed to be so-called new-generation free trade agreements in the hope of mitigating the traditional trade barriers as well as lessening non-tariff ones, such as governance and transparency. The recent development of new-generation FTAs between ASEAN and/or ASEAN member(s) and the external trading partners that pay high attention to anti-corruption issues, i.e., EU, Australia, Canada, Japan, US, may create a promising forum for anti-corruption enforcement of ASEAN in international business in the future. This article will elaborate on all aforementioned issues before a reasonable conclusion is delivered.
Methods for predicting the noise of transport vessels propellers
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Pustoshny A. , Koval A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2021

Object and purpose of research. The object of the research is the cavitation noise of transport vessels propellers. The purpose is to analyze and generalize modern research and methods for predicting broadband noise induced by the operation of the transport vessels cavitating propellers. Materials and methods. A review of the research materials (published in the XXI century) on the cavitation noise of transport vessels propellers, in particular broadband noise, as well as the author's own research on the causes and physical aspects of the occurrence of broadband noise is carried out. Based on the Fourier analysis of the time functions of velocities and pressures in the flow near the propeller, the conditions for the occurrence of broadband noise at (4–10)-blade harmonics and the parameters that relate this noise to various types of cavitation on the propeller are found. Main results. A review of recent studies results devoted to the cavitation noise of transport vessels propellers has shown that the levels of the so-called broadband noise that occurs when the cavitating propeller operates in nonuniform flow at high (4–10)-blade harmonics are used as the basis for modern noise predicting methods. At the same time, the authors of the methods consider broadband noise only as a result of the tip vortices development. The paper considers and generalizes an alternative hypothesis of the broadband noise occurrence caused by the occurrence and collapse of cavities within the blade with the formation of a double-headed peak on the time function of pressures. The analysis of publications on the development of the vortex wake behind the propeller and the modeling of pressures at the buckling failure of the tip vortex spirals allowed to show that double pressure peaks can be formed in the flow during the development of the vortex wake behind the propeller. This made it possible to combine both hypotheses of the broadband noise formation – from the development of the tip vortex and from the occurrence and collapse of cavities on the blades – and to link the assessment of the growth possibility of high blade harmonics with the cavitation parameters. Conclusions. It is shown that modern research methods have made it possible to obtain new data on the mechanism of the occurrence and collapse of cavitation both on the blade and in the tip vortex. At the same time, the currently used methods for predicting cavitation and, in particular, broadband noise are very approximate and require refinement to assess the effect of various cavitation characteristics on broadband noise. The hypotheses of broadband noise occurrence and the proposed physical model covering both vortex cavitation and the formation and collapse of cavities can serve as a basis for such clarification.
Methods and results of effective application of modern infra-red imaging technologies for measuring hydrophysical processes
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Zenchenko S.
Published: May 2021

Object and purpose of research. The paper presents characteristics of modern infra-red imaging technologies and highlights their potential for wide application. Materials and methods. Investigations are presented based on the account of balance of various components of water surface thermal radiation and its changes under different conditions of water surface observations, measurements at different sky radiation intensities and application of additional natural illumination by solar radiation. Main results. Modern infra-red imaging technologies are analyzed for convenience of measurements using operator’s windows, different spectral IR ranges, various matrix receiver formats as well as comparative temperature fields presentation using 3-D control points, lines, etc. Comparative measurements of various instruments are given in recording of natural and artificial anomalies of thermal radiation related to changes of the air/water thermal interface and similar measurements with prevailing reflected thermal radiation component. Possibility of applying IR imaging technologies with additional signal amplification by simultaneous recording of reflected solar radiation are considered. Data recorded concurrently in visible and IR ranges of spectrum are compared. Conclusion. Conclusions are given regarding various measuring methods to record the proper thermal radiation of water surface and its reflected component, which can be used to measure the wave structure of marine surface. The possibilities of visible online analysis and structured analysis of the recorded temperature field with simultaneous display of its temperature, color, linear and time scale are demonstrated.
Analysis of the possibility for operating a floating nuclear power plant in conjunction with a desalination plantAnalysis of the possibility for operating a floating nuclear power plant in conjunction with a desalination plant
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chesnokova I. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Verbitsky S. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Stambrovskaya E. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2021

Object and purpose of research. The article discusses in comparison the methods of desalination of seawater and their energy features from the point of view of the feasibility of including a desalination plant in the complex with a floating nuclear power unit. Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of various literary sources, a review of the main methods of nuclear desalination is made. The IAEA DEEP program was used to compare different desalination technologies. Main results. Based on the results of simulating nuclear desalination in the IAEA DEEP program, using the example of the Persian Gulf, preliminary recommendations were drawn up on the use of desalination methods in the joint operation of a desalination plant with a floating nuclear power unit. Conclusion. The integrated complex allows for desalination by both membrane and thermal methods. For the optimal choice of technology, it is necessary to specify the area of deployment and the relative position of the floating nuclear power unit and the desalination plant, and further search for a compromise based on more accurate calculations.