bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protocol for Closed-Loop O2 Use During Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Of Pediatric Patients (CLOUDIMPP): A Randomized Cross-Over Study
Authors: Atakul Gulhan , Ceylan Gokhan , Sandal Ozlem , Soydan Ekin , Topal Sevgi , Hepduman Pinar , Colak Mustafa , Zimmerman Jan , Karaarslan Utku , Novotni Dominik , Agin Hasan
Published: May 2024

Oxygen is an effective treatment for any type of respiratory failure. To prevent hypoxemia and hyperoxemia, the Pediatric mechanical ventilation consensus conference (PEMVECC) recommends monitoring oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry (SpO2) in all ventilated children and measuring partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) in moderate to severe cases. However, this may require manual adjustments of inspired oxygen, which can be burdensome during high-demand periods such as the current COVID-19 epidemic. Additionally, the pandemic has highlighted the importance of optimizing oxygen use in hospitals as it may become a scarce resource during such high-demand periods. Previous studies have shown that automatic oxygen titration (AOT) is feasible in patients receiving respiratory support therapy, including those with mild acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and exercise-induced desaturation. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of a closed-loop FiO2 controller in comparison to traditional manual FiO2 regulation during invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in pediatric patients within a pediatric critical care unit (PICU). The hypothesis is that the closed-loop FiO2 controller will increase the time spent within clinically intended SpO2 ranges and decrease the time spent outside these ranges. The research is registered under NCT05714527
Time dependent effect of Chitosan nanoparticles used as final irrigant on smear layer removal and dentine
microhardness in extracted human permanent mandibular premolars with single canal. A randomized in vitro
study.
Authors: Elsharkawy Hebatallah Ashraf , Sadek Prof.Dr.Hany Samy
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of chitosan nanoparticle and EDTA solutions as final irrigants on smear layer removal and dentine microhardness for one and three minutes contact time in extracted human permanent mandibular premolars with single canal.
Probing Plexciton Emission from 2D Materials on Gold Nanotrenches
Authors: Zhou Junze , Gonçalves Paulo André D. , Riminucci Fabrizio , Dhuey Scott , Barnard Edward , Schwartzberg Adam , de Abajo Francisco Javier Garcia , Weber-Bargioni Alexander
Published: May 2024

Probing strongly coupled quasiparticle excitations at their intrinsic length scales offers unique insights into their properties and facilitates the design of devices with novel functionalities. In this work, we investigate the formation and emission characteristics of plexcitons, arising from the interaction between surface plasmons in narrow gold nanotrenches and excitons in monolayer WSe2. We study this strong plasmon–exciton coupling in both the far-field and the near-field. Specifically, we observe a Rabi splitting in the far-field reflection spectra of about 80 meV under ambient conditions, consistent with our theoretical modeling. Using a custom-designed near-field probe, we find that plexciton emission originates predominantly from the lower-frequency branch, which we can directly probe and map the local field distribution. We precisely determine the plexciton extension, similar to the trench width, with nanometric precision via collecting spectra at controlled probe locations. Our work opens exciting prospects for nanoscale mapping and engineering of plexcitons in complex nanostructures with potential applications in nanophotonic devices, optoelectronics, and quantum electrodynamics in nanoscale cavities.
Network analysis and experimental verification of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Reynoutria japonica Houtt. drug pair in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Chen Huafeng , Yan Shengzhe , Xiang Qianru , Liang Jiamin , Deng Xuejian , He Wanqin , Cheng Yanzhen , Yang Li
Published: May 2024

Context:There are currently no approved specific clinical drugs for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Reynoutria japonica Houtt. drug pair (SRDP) has been widely used in the treatment of chronic liver diseases. However, the mechanism of SRDP treating NAFLD remains unclear.
Objective:Based on network analysis and in vitro experimental verification, we investigated the effect of SRDP on lipid deposition and explored its possible mechanism for the treatment of NAFLD.
Methods:The TCMSP platform was used to screen the active metabolites of SRDP and corresponding targets. The GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to screen the NAFLD targets. The drug-disease intersecting targets were extracted to obtain the potential targets. Then the protein-protein interaction (PPI) and drug-active metabolites-target-disease network map was constructed. The DAVID database was performed to GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for the intersecting targets. The core active metabolite and signaling pathway were verified by in vitro experiments.
Results:Network analysis predicted 59 active metabolites and 89 targets of SRDP for the treatment of NAFLD. 112 signaling pathways were enriched for KEGG pathways, including PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,etc. It was confirmed that luteolin, the core active metabolite of SRDP, effectively reduced fat accumulation and intracellular triglyceride content in HepG2 fatty liver cell model. Luteolin could inhibit mTOR pathway by inhibiting PI3K-AKT signaling pathway phosphorylation, thereby activating autophagy to alleviate NAFLD.
Discussion and Conclusion:The results of this study validate and predict the possible role of various active metabolites of SRDP in the treatment of NAFLD through multiple targets and signaling pathways. The core active metabolite of SRDP, luteolin can alleviate NAFLD by acting on the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway to induce autophagy.
Designing and validating an interprofessional module on patient safety in India centred on International Patient Safety Goals
Authors: Gupta Monica , Ramakrishana Anand , Mahmood Lulu Sherif , Ranapurwala Mustafa , Modi Chirag , Joshi Sunil , Prakash Harihara , Ghosh Sarmishtha , Singh Suman , Sarate Shany , Pandya Himanshu V
Published: May 2024

Background
According to the WHO, Patient Safety (PS) is a global health priority and is a fundamental component for Universal Health Coverage. The Global Patient Safety Collaborative (2018) has emphasised building competent, skilled, and compassionate health workforce through interprofessional (IP) education and training in PS. The curriculum of Health Professions Education (HPE) in most disciplines, in India, does not include a structured component on PS. The International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) were developed in 2006 by the Joint Commission International (JCI). IPSG help hospitals address specific areas of concern in some of the most problematic areas of PS. The study proposes a validated IP module on PS and its integration in the health professions curriculum in India, based on IPSG as mentioned in the Indian Nursing Curriculum.
Method
The module was designed based on Kern’s 6 steps of curriculum development and 12 strategies recommended by El-Awaisi et al and finalised through 5 rounds of focus group discussions with a proposed plan to run over 2 weeks, without interrupting the planned schedule of internship. Twelve IP experts from Medical, Nursing and Physiotherapy professions participated in the content validation through Delphi technique. The module will be implemented and evaluated in the subsequent academic year at Bhaikaka University and reported, post-implementation. This is an educational, interventional, mixed method study using descriptive analysis for quantitative data and qualitative analysis for reflections and feedback from learners and faculty.
Discussion
The study resulted in a validated, compact, contextual IP module on PS which is replicable. There was consensus on all 7 proposed competencies, 22 specific learning objectives, teaching-learning methods and assessment methodology through Delphi Technique, with a content validity ratio of 0.78 for each item. The module addresses a felt gap in the Indian HPE by incorporating core IP competencies and critical PS concerns, inclusive of medication safety, health care-associated infections and unsafe surgeries. In the long run, it will lead to reduced adverse events, better patient outcomes and therefore, health improvement. at Bhaikaka University and other institutions. In agreement with Wu et al we recommend that PS be included as a basic science for HPE.
Genetic isolation and metabolic complexity of an Antarctic subglacial microbiome
Authors: Kim Ok-Sun , Hwang Kyuin , Lee Hanbyul , Kim Soyeon , Cho Ahnna , Davis Christina , Christner Brent , Priscu John , Kim Kyung Mo
Published: May 2024

Microbes inhabiting and evolving in aquatic ecosystems at the base of polar ice sheets subsist under energy-limited conditions while in relative isolation from surface gene pools and their common ancestral populations of origin. Samples recently obtained from the base of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) allowed us to examine evolutionary relationships of and identify metabolic pathways in microbial genomes recovered from the Mercer Subglacial Lake (SLM) ecosystem. We obtained 1,374 single-cell amplified genomes from individual bacterial and archaeal cells that were isolated from samples of SLM’s water column and sediments. Genome-based taxonomic classification coherently identified nearly all of the subglacial microorganisms as new species or novel taxonomic groups, and phylogenomic analyses showed evidence for genetically isolation of the microbial populations from marine and surface biomes. Comparative genomic analysis revealed a lake ecosystem exhibiting a range of metabolisms to oxidize various organic and inorganic compounds via aerobic or anerobic respiration. Network construction identified two distinct organotrophic and chemolithotrophic metabolic guilds that may operate alternatively depending on oxygen availability. Our SAG data imply substantial metabolic flexibility in the microbial assemblage characterized, reveal key energy generating strategies in the subglacial ecosystem, and provide a framework to assess microbial evolution beneath WAIS.
COVID-19 Vaccine Equity, Distribution, and Cases in Global and Non-Global South Countries
Authors: Melesse Tigist Mekonnen , Nguyen Thuy Dieu , Kassa Getachew Mullu
Published: May 2024

The rapid development of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made an important contribution to reducing both viral transmission and disease burden. In this study, we tracked COVID-19 vaccine equity, distribution, and cases in global and non-global southern countries using country-level data from our World in Data using event study analysis. We used data from 149 Global South countries and 59 Non-Global South countries between January 2020 and May 2022 and compared the vaccine distributions between Global South countries and Non-Global South countries. All non-Global South countries and 90.32% of Global South countries had universally available vaccines. The median time since the introduction of the first COVID-19 vaccine in the Global South was almost eight weeks later than that in non-Global South countries. The median number of people fully vaccinated per hundred (68.8 vs. 50.31) and the total number of boosters administered per hundred (45.7 vs. 13.02) were greater in non-Global South countries than in Global South countries. The results of the two-way fixed effects models show a positive association between new COVID-19 cases or deaths and a measure of COVID-19 exposure, including COVID-19 cases in the previous period, COVID-19 vaccination uptake in the previous period, and the government response stringency index. The event study analysis does not demonstrate significantly different trends in event time around the first COVID-19 vaccination rollout. These findings indicate that types of causal inference questions in complex systems such as pandemics are difficult to address, and it is important to supplement regression analysis with descriptive analysis.
JEL Code: I12; I14; I18
Trapped and fractured stent in the Left Main Coronary Artery, a Case Report
Authors: Shalaby Mahmoud , Ettish Amr , Elwany Mostafa
Published: May 2024

- Background: Despite the wide use and great advances of PCI procedures, complications still do occur. Stent entrapment is a rare yet a serious complication of PCI procedures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such complication to involve the LM coronary artery following a previous LM stenting.
- Case Presentation: We present a case of a 65-year-old man who suffered stent entrapment and fracture in a previously deployed LM stent during an elective PCI procedure. This complication necessitated emergency surgical intervention for retrieval of the entrapped stent.
- Conclusion: This case report highlights the potential complication of PCI material entrapment after previous LM stenting.
Nutcracker syndrome and glomerulonephritis in pediatric patients: A causal or coincidental association?
Authors: Ki So Hyun , Son Min Hwa , Yim Hyung Eun
Published: May 2024

Background
Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) has been reported to coexist with various glomerulonephritis (GN). This study investigated clinical features of NCS combined with GN in a pediatric case series and the possible relationship between these two conditions.
Methods
Clinical and pathologic findings of 15 children with NCS and biopsy-proven GN were analyzed. NCS was diagnosed with renal Doppler ultrasonography, abdominal computed tomography, and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Glomerular lesions were divided into two pathological categories: minor glomerular abnormalities (MGAs) and definite GN.
Results
Mean age of all patients was 11 ± 3.36 years and mean follow-up duration was 53.2 ± 28.7 months. Chief complaint was proteinuria with or without hematuria. During follow-up, five patients developed left kidney enlargement. Abnormal levels in immunological tests were revealed in 10 patients. Extrarenal symptoms including gonadal varicocle, splenic cyst, syncope, and anemia were found in 7 patients. On kidney biopsy, 7 patients had MGAs and 8 children showed definite GN (one case of focal GN, one case of mesangial proliferative GN, one case of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, two cases of IgA vasculitis nephritis, and three cases of IgA nephropathy). While there were no differences in age, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), immunological tests, clinical features of NCS, or extrarenal symptoms between the two groups, patients with NCS combined with MGAs showed higher proportion of isolated proteinuria and eGFR decline (both P < 0.05).
Conclusions
NCS may be associated with the presence of various GN. The causal relationship between NCS and GN should be further investigated.
Macrophage-derived Microvesicles Coated Nanoparticles Loaded with TGF-β1 Resolve Acute Lung Injury via Regulatory B Cell Activation
Authors: Jing Ren , Liao Xiaoting , Mo Jianlan , He Sheng , Xie Xianlong , Dai Huijun , Hu Zhaokun , Pan Linghui
Published: May 2024

Regulatory B cells (Breg) are vital for inflammation and tissue injury resolution. Here, we investigated the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-producing Breg in the murine model of ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI). The percentages of pulmonary CD19highCD44(+) TGF-β1(+) Breg were increased at PV1d and PV10d in VILI mice. Lung injury and inflammation were attenuated by up-regulating TGF-β1 levels with regulation of T-cell immunity. To prolong and stabilize the effect of exogenous TGF-β1, macrophage-derived microvesicles-coated nanoparticles (MNP) loaded TGF-β1(TMNP) were synthesized, and VILI mice were divided into sham, recombinant TGF-β1 (rTGF-β), MNP, and TMNP groups. TMNP increased the TGF-β1 levels in serum and lung tissues at PV10d. Compared with rTGF-β group, lung injury and inflammation in TMNP group at PV1d were attenuated with Breg proliferation; TMNP induced the reduction of pulmonary CD4(+) T cell proportions and CD4(+)/CD8a(+) T cell ratios, but promoted the proliferation of pulmonary CD8a(+) T cells at PV1d and PV10d. Together, TMNP promote the resolution of inflammatory lung injury, which may be associated with the proliferation of Breg to maintain immunological homeostasis.
The Impact of Physical Activity Level on Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Young Adults
Authors: Çakır Gökhan , Işık Utku , KAVALCI İsa
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the role of physical activity on mental health. The study group consisted of 427 students studying at the university. Personal Information Form, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale Short Form, Psychological Resilience Scale (Short Form) and Psychological Vulnerability Scale were used as data collection tools. The normal distribution of the data was analysed through skewness and kurtosis values. MANOVA, Chi-Square Test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Multiple Stepwise Regression tests were used to analyse the data. The findings show that female students are more inactive and do less vigorous activities than males. Compared to these findings, the proportional distribution of physical activity level according to grade level is similar. Descriptive findings show that students have relatively high levels of psychological vulnerability. It was observed that mental health components were interrelated. Also, students who are physically active enough have higher levels of mental well-being and psychological resilience and lower levels of psychological vulnerability. Finally, it was observed that walking activity was the best predictor of students' psychological resilience and mental well-being, and together with moderate level of physical activity, walking activity led to a significant increase in the level of mental well-being.
KLD: A Program to Elucidate the Localization of the Fermi and Coulomb Holes in Molecular Systems
Authors: Bedoya Valeria , Rodríguez Vladimir , Rincón Luis , Zambrano Cesar , Seijas Luis Eduardo , Torres F. Javier
Published: May 2024

The present paper contains a detailed description of the design and implementation of the program KLD, which was primarily developed to elucidate electron localization in molecular systems by evaluating the information content of electron-pair density functions. In our method, the electron-pair conditional density is compared with the electron density by means of the Kullback-Leibler divergence. After briefly introducing the importance of possessing appropriate means to study electron localization and providing some theoretical background, the algorithm and code are thoroughly described. A subsequent section describes a recent implementation of the program aimed at reducing computational costs. Moreover, results on the time scaling and speedup obtained for a set of simple molecules are thoroughly discussed. The obtained data show that our most recent version of our code computes electron localization approximately an order of magnitude faster compared to older versions.
Reliability verification of damping capacity assessment in peri-implant bone loss model: An experimental animal study
Authors: Pyo Se-Wook , Kim Gi Youn , Chang Jae-Seung , Kim Sunjai
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This in vivo animal study aimed to determine the diagnostic reliability of a damping capacity assessment by correlating the stability of dental implant with peri-implant bone loss using beagle dogs.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two bone level implants composed of two different types were immediately placed at four beagle dogs without bone grafting. All implants were submerged, connected to a healing abutment, and loaded by superstructure. Each phase lasted 4 weeks for a total of 12 weeks. Implant stability was measured every phase through a damping capacity assessment. Peri-implant bone loss, supporting bone volume, and bone to implant contact were also evaluated.
Results: Two platform switched implants failed at 8 and 12 weeks after placement, respectively. For the surviving 30 implants, peri-implant bone loss was observed to vary from 0.25 mm to 6.96 mm. Implant stability indices were found to have a strong negative correlation with peri-implant bone loss. It also had positive correlations with supporting bone volume and bone to implant contact ratio.
Conclusions: Damping capacity assessment appears to be effective as a diagnostic tool for various types of peri-implant bone resorption in this study. However, the diagnostic ability of early bone resorption of implants is controversial.
Astrocyte-derived HMGB1 promotes subcellular translocation of AQP4 and blood-brain barrier disruption during JEV infection
Authors: Zou Song-Song , Wang Ke , Cui Min
Published: May 2024

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is crucial for maintaining the function and environmental homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes play a critical role in the constitution of the BBB. In this study, we found that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection causes HMGB1 to translocate and release from the nucleus to the extracellular space in astrocytes, as well as elevated HMGB1 levels in the brain, which is related to BBB breakdown. Mechanistically, extracellular HMGB1 induces Ca2+ influx into astrocytes, leading to the overexpression of calmodulin (CaM) and the water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4), triggering the phosphorylation of calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) and promoting the translocation of AQP4 from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane. Inhibition of CaM, CaMKII, and AQP4 could block the cell membrane translocation of AQP4, thereby alleviating HMGB1-mediated BBB disruption. Extracellular HMGB1 is considered a potential target for mitigating neuroinflammation and BBB disruption. The positive feedback loop of HMGB1 exacerbates the disturbance of the BBB. These findings indicate that the HMGB1-AQP4 axis plays a role in the regulation of BBB integrity, presenting a new therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of JE and other CNS illnesses.
Association and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Solute Carrier-related Genes in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Tang Xiao , Kang Jian , He Taohong
Published: May 2024

Background
Crohn's disease (CD) is a challenging digestive system disorder, and the role of solute carrier-related genes (SLCRGs) in CD remains unknown.
Methods
We acquired two CD-related datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GWAS IDs for CD and exposure factors were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit Open GWAS database. Using SLCRGs, we conducted differential expression analysis between CD and normal cohorts, and CD-involved and CD-uninvolved cohorts, to identify differentially expressed SLCRGs (DE-SLCRGs). Single-variable Mendelian randomization (SVMR) estimated the risk of DE-SLCRGs in CD. Sensitivity analysis ensured the reliability of MR results.
Results
We identified 1561 upregulated and 830 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CD and normal cohorts. Additionally, 294 upregulated and 350 downregulated DEGs were found between CD-involved and CD-uninvolved cohorts. Based on DEGs, we identified two upregulated DE-SLCRGs and seven downregulated DE-SLCRGs. SVMR indicated SLC22A5 as a protective factor for CD. Functional enrichment showed SLC22A5's association with the 'chemokine-signaling pathway,' 'collagen binding,' and 'cell-substrate junction.' SLC22A5 was negatively correlated with natural killer cells. Predictively, we found 8 miRNAs and 19 compounds related to SLC22A5.
Conclusions
Our research validates the potential impact of SLC22A5, providing a foundation for exploring its regulatory mechanism in CD.
Green Synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nano particles from Lawasonia inermis leaf extract for promising Methyl red Uptake and Efficient Iodine Adsorption
Authors: Khalid Rimsha , Raza Saqlain , Areej Isham , Ashraf Faiza , Abid Amin
Published: May 2024

Water pollution is the threat to the survival of life on mother earth but due to industrialization clean reservoirs of water deteriorated day by day which demands eco-friendly, cheap and highly efficient methods to counter this issue. So due to this pressing ultimatum nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles are synthesized with Lawasonia inermis as a reducing and capping agent. Green-synthesized NiO-NPs are analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX). In this study, synthesized NiO-NPs are used to remove methyl red (MR) and radioactive iodine from polluted water. The maximum adsorption efficiency of methyl red is 89% at contact time 120 minutes, pH 5.0, temperature 10 0C and adsorbent dose of 1 g. The percentage adsorption by weight of NiO nanoparticles for radioactive iodine is 225%. The adsorption capacity was calculated 4.58 mgg− 1 for methyl red at optimum conditions. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms are studied, and the experimental data suggests that Langmuir isotherms are best fit with R2 = 0.996. According to a kinetic analysis, the pseudo 2ND order kinetic model best fits the adsorption mechanism having R2 = 0.993 A thermodynamic study shows the current process is spontaneous and endothermic, where Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) were − 5.9461 kjmol− 1, 33.04 kjmol− 1 and 0.00338 kjmol− 1K− 1, respectively. NiO NPs contribute to the degradation of methyl red with minimal resource utilization with promising efficiency. Additionally, in the future, it may be used for the degradation of other environmental contaminants. Graphical abstract of synthesis and application of NiO-NPs
DC & AC Performance Analysis of a T gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT on BGO substrate
Authors: Anju S
Published: May 2024

Investigation of DC and AC performance of Nano scale AlGaN/GaN High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs)with T shaped gate on a Beta Gallium Oxide (BGO) substrate is done. The DC and RF characteristics of the device are analysed using Silvaco TCAD software. The threshold voltage (Vth) and transconductance (gm) of the device are also analysed. The device exhibited a cut off frequency of 250 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency of 830 GHz. The proposed device is compared with T Gate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on other reported substrate-silicon carbide (4H-SiC), with similar dimension. The device performance was analysed at different temperatures. The dc and ac measurements revealed that AlGaN/GaN HEMTs grown on BGO substrates will be a superior among other substrates for high-power and high-frequency applications.
Applying the ELECTRE III Method for Optimal Site Selection of a Solar Power Plant in Pythagorean Neutrosophic Programming
Authors: Saini R. K. , Ahirwar Ashik , Kasim M.
Published: May 2024

India's 2030 renewable energy ambitions have been reduced from 500 gigawatts from non-fossil sources. India accepted its UNFCCC duties before the COP26 summit in Glasgow in November 2022, including the goal of reducing carbon emissions by one billion tons by the end of the decade. As a clean, affordable alternative, solar energy is being explored, therefore choosing the best site for a solar power plant (SSP) is vital. The study application handles imprecise, unclear, and uncertain criteria using preference neighborhood-elimination and choice translating reality (PN-ELECTRE) decision-making (DM). We tackle multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems with imprecise or ambiguous data utilizing this technique. Group decision support and Pythagorean neutrosophic numbers (PNNs) are used in PN-ELECTRE III. A balanced decision-making method is needed to resolve SPP location ambiguity. The suggested DM support system smoothly integrated economic, social, environmental, and technological issues into two phases. The increased demand for renewable energy and the difficulty of finding suitable solar power facility sites prompted the research. The Bundelkhand region of India shows how the recommended technique might help policymakers and investors choose renewable energy. It effectively incorporates several criteria and overcomes inaccurate data. The study found that the proposed technique solves the SPP placement problem.
Complementing Muscle Regeneration: Fibro-Adipogenic Progenitor and Macrophage-Mediated Repair of Elderly Human Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Farup Jean , Brorson Jonas , Lin Lin , Wang Jakob , Billeskov Tine , Just Jesper , Haskó János , Ravn Christen , Hansen Rehne , Bue Mats , Luo Yonglun , Jessen Niels
Published: May 2024

The capacity to regenerate skeletal muscle function after injury requires a complex and well-coordinated cellular response, which is challenged in aged skeletal muscle. Here, we unravel the intricate dynamics of elderly human skeletal muscle regeneration by combining spatial, temporal, and single cell transcriptomics. Using spatial RNA sequencing, we profiled the expression of human protein-coding genes in elderly human skeletal muscle biopsies before as well as 2-, 8-, and 30-days post injury. Single Cell-Spatial deconvolution analysis highlights monocytes/macrophages and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) as pivotal players in human muscle regeneration. By utilizing flow cytometry and cell sorting we confirmed increased cellular content and activity during regeneration. Spatial correlation analysis unveils FAPs and monocytes/macrophages co-localization and intercellular communication, mediated by complement factor C3. Immunostaining confirms C3 expression in FAPs and FAP secretion of C3, suggesting a role in phagocytosis of necrotic muscle cells. Finally, functional assays demonstrate C3's impact on human monocyte metabolism, survival and phagocytosis, unveiling its involvement in skeletal muscle regeneration. These insights elucidate FAP-macrophage interplay in aged human muscle with perspectives for future therapeutic interventions to reduce the aged induced decline in regenerative capacity.
Geospatial Analysis of Soil Fertility in Muzaffarpur District, Bihar: Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies
Authors: Singh Sanjay Kumar , Kumar Ajeet , Singh K. K. , Tiwari Sanjay
Published: May 2024

The soil fertility maps generated using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) serve as crucial tools for effective nutrient management decision-making. However, soil fertility data for the Minapur, Kanti, and Marwan blocks of Muzaffarpur district, Bihar, was found to be insufficient. Therefore, a soil fertility inventory research was conducted in these three blocks to create thematic soil fertility maps. A total of 40 geo-referenced composite soil samples were collected from various locations within the study area using a handheld GPS device. The processed soil samples were analyzed for various soil fertility parameters using standard methods. Soil nutrient status and fertility maps were then created using ArcGIS software with Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation techniques. The results clearly indicated that the soil reaction was alkaline, with a pH value exceeding 7.5. The content of soil organic matter, potassium, and sulphur was found to be low to medium, while available nitrogen and phosphorus levels were recorded as very low in these blocks
A Rare Case Report of Serous Cystadenoma with Coexisting Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of Ovary
Authors: Kalita Lachit , Kalita Abhijit , Harlalka Munmun
Published: May 2024

Various forms of collision tumors have been reported in literature before. Ovarian tumors also exhibit different histological components at times. The epithelial neoplasm of ovary in coexistence with sertoli leydig cell tumor, granulosa cell tumor, cystic teratoma and stromal tumor with minor sex cord elements are known to exist. However, literature related to association of serous neoplasm of ovary with sclerosing stromal tumor is not known. We report a case of serous cystadenoma with coexisting sclerosing stromal tumor in a 31-year-old lady which is probably one of the first case reports of such a combination till date.
A Rare Case of Primary Heterotopic Meningioma of Nasal Cavity presenting with Right Eye Proptosis
Authors: Harlalka Munmun , Kalita Abhijit , Kalita Lachit
Published: May 2024

Meningiomas are slow growing intracranial neoplasm of central nervous system accounting for 15% of all intracranial tumors. Rarely it appears extracranially, mostly in the head and neck region, and specifically in the sinonasal tract with variable clinical presentation. It can mimic various other malignancies which are common at a particular location. We present a case of a 26 year old female with progressive proptosis of the right eye and intermittent headache without any vision impairment for about three years. Radiological features showed an ill-defined solid-cystic lesion epicentred in right nasal cavity suggesting olfactory neuroblastoma. Histomorphological and immunohistochemistry assessment favoured a diagnosis of Transitional meningioma, WHO grade I. Awareness of primary heterotopic meningioma will help in early diagnosis and appropriate management of the patient, particularly while evaluating a case of sino-nasal mass.
A Rare Case of Benign Synchronous Neoplasm of Parotid Salivary Gland
Authors: Mithun Vijayabasker , Karuppusamy Usha Rani , Balasubramanian Nandhini Bala , Rajan Mahudeswaran
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Salivary gland neoplasms represent 2–6% of all head and neck neoplasms. Salivary gland neoplasms arising from the major salivary glands are predominantly benign. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the salivary gland, followed by warthin’s tumour. The synchronous occurrence of both of these neoplasms is rarely described. We present a case of unilateral salivary gland neoplasm with two distinct histological lesions, which were found incidentally during gross examination and confirmed microscopically.
Case report
A 72-year-old man with complaints of left parotid swelling, which progressively increased in size over the past 6 months. Ultrasound imaging studies and FNAC show features of pleomorphic adenoma, for which the patient underwent surgery, and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination. In the gross examination, a tan-brown area measuring 0.6 cm in greatest dimension was noted in the parotid salivary gland, in addition to the encapsulated grey-brown neoplasm. Histologically, the tan-brown lesion was found to be an intranodal warthin’s tumour along with a pleomorphic adenoma.
Conclusion
Synchronous neoplasm is a rare entity that can easily be missed in clinical, imaging and even in cytological examinations. Proper histopathological examination of the resected specimens helps in identifying the lesions that were left unrecognized even by imaging studies due to their proximity to the existing neoplasm, as in our case. The use of VTIQ in combination with B-mode ultrasound may be beneficial in detecting the nature of the lesion prior to surgery.
The influence of health insurance on coverage of a country’s population with medical services
Authors: Dobrovolska Olena , Ortmanns Wolfgang , Kachula Svitlana , Pavlenko Oksana , Sonntag Ralph
Published: May 2024

One of the effective ways to increase the level of population coverage with medical services is health insurance. The paper aims to determine what type of health insurance (compulsory, social, or voluntary) has the greatest impact on a country’s ability to provide large-scale and timely medical services to citizens, as measured by the number of unmet needs for medical examination, treatable and preventable mortality. The control variables included a country’s population size, the level of economic well-being, and the scale of the public health system (number of doctors and hospital beds) based on EUROSTAT data for all 27 EU countries in 2012–2021. Modelling (regression models of panel data with fixed and random effects in STATA 18, Wald test, Hausman test, Breusch and Pagan test) proved that only one of three researched types of insurance – voluntary health insurance – positively influences a country’s ability to provide large-scale and timely medical services to citizens: an increase in its volume by 1% leads to a decrease in unmet needs in medical examination on average across all EU countries by 0.26%, treatable mortality rate by 0.08%, preventive mortality rate by 0.27%. The influence of the other two types – compulsory and social – was not confirmed (received regression coefficients for these variables are not statistically significant). This emphasizes the importance of citizens’ conscious attitude to their health (due to the increase in voluntary health insurance) both in strengthening public health and in ensuring faster and better access to medical services.
Mechanisms for the formation of density inversions in areas of regular deep convection in the Greenland Sea
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kaledina Anastasiia S. ,   Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, Bashmachnikov Igor L. ,   St. Petersburg State University,   Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre
Published: May 2024

In this work, density inversions in the Greenland Sea, which precede the development of deep convection, were identified from in-situ data. The mechanisms of their formation were considered, for which data from the GLORYS12V1 ocean reanalysis and the ERA5 atmospheric reanalysis were used. In particular, the surface inflow of warm Atlantic water and cold water from the East Greenland Current was identified, the role of heat transport from the ocean to the atmosphere and the freshwater balance of the sea surface for two periods: the 1990s (1993, 1994, 1998) and the 2010s (2008, 2011, 2013) was determined. The following main mechanisms of density inversions formation were identified: heat transport from the ocean to the atmosphere, surface water inflows, and positive evaporation-precipitation differences. The formation of density inversions can also be determined by a combination of different mechanisms. Heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere are the main source of inversions and are observed for 93% of all profiles with inversions. In the 1990s, surface water fluxes were the second most important factor, with evaporation- precipitation differences being the third. In the 2010s, however, the last two factors are reversed and evaporation dominates significantly more than precipitation. Increase of contribution of this factor occurs together with increase of number of salinity inversions in 2010th in comparison with 1990th and is connected with variability of dominating winds in this region. The results provide a basis for further investigation of the causes and interannual variability of deep convection in the Greenland Sea.
Speciation of metals in soils of steppe landscapes affected by mining (Southern Urals)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Somov Vsevolod V. , Opekunov Anatoly Yu. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Opekunova Marina G. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Dergileva Elizaveta V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Korshunova Dariia V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kukushkin Stepan Yu. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: May 2024

Speciation of ore and accompanying elements (Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, V, Ba, Sr) in steppe soils of the Transurals (vicinity of city of Sibay, Bashkortostan) was studied with sequential extraction method. Attention was given to change of elements’ speciation in area affected by mining (Cu-Zn deposit). The results are supplemented by chemical analysis of humic acids (isolated by alkaline extraction) and granulometric fractions. It was revealed that the soils of background areas are characterized by low mobility of studied elements and a relatively uniform distribution over soil profile. Residual fraction percentage (fraction’s share in element’s total content) is the highest. Percentage of exchangeable and carbonate fractions is insignificant (Sr and Ba are exceptions). Percentage of fraction of crystalline Fe hydroxides, reduceable and oxidizable fractions varies from shares of a percent to 15%. Cd stands out for a high percentage of oxidizable fraction (up to 30% of Cd total content) and relatively low percentage of residual fraction (up to 50%). Comparison of obtained results allows us to suggest that near objects of mining industry dust enriched with Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Sb comes to the surface. This leads to shard increase of Cu, Zn, Cd content in the upper layer of chernic horizon, change of these elements’ speciation and distribution among granulometric fractions. Increase of elements content is not only due to prevailing residual fraction; Cu, Zn, Cd of oxidizable fraction, reducible fraction and Fe hydroxides fraction significantly increase. Sharp increase of oxidizable fraction percentage (largely due to sulfides) is noted.
Ethnic heterogeneity of Russian regions: Dynamics by decades in the post-soviet period
Authors:   Pskov State University, Manakov Andrei G. , Terenina Natalia K. ,   Pskov State University
Published: May 2024

Many Russian researchers note that the most important feature of ethnodemographic processes in Russia in the post-Soviet period was the increase in the overwhelming majority of republics in the share of titular peoples. To conduct a comparative characterization of the complexity of the national composition of the population of the country's regions, as well as to compare changes in the level of ethnic heterogeneity over a certain period, the ethnic mosaic index is most often used. The purpose of this work is to identify general trends and features of changes in the ethnic heterogeneity of Russian regions in each of the three post-Soviet decades using the cartographic research method. The novelty of the proposed methodology is associated with the simultaneous display on the cartographic chart of two indicators: the dynamics of the index of ethnic mosaic and the proportion of the Russian population. In the first post-Soviet decade, the tendency to increase the mono-ethnicity of the country's regions began to manifest itself more and more, which covered more than half of the subjects, both “Russian” and national. The processes taking place in this decade allow us to speak about the initial stages of regional ethnic polarization, which replaced the predominant growth of ethnic heterogeneity in the country's regions during the Soviet period. In the second post-Soviet decade, the general trend towards regional ethnic polarization has already fully manifested itself, when the overwhelming number of “Russian” regions and most of the national subjects followed the path of mono-ethnization. In the third post-Soviet decade, there was a slight slowdown in the processes occurring in the first two post-Soviet decades, and even a partial return to the dynamics characteristic of the Soviet period. Nevertheless, the noted trends have not yet changed the general trend of the post-Soviet period, which can be characterized as an increase in regional ethnic polarization in the country due to the increase in mono-ethnicity of both “Russians” and the majority of national subjects of the Russian Federation.
Georgy Kryzhitsky as Co-founder and Theorist of the FEKS (on the Centenary of the Creative Association)
Authors:   Eurasian National University, Pronin Alexander A. , Svyatoslavsky Alexey V. ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University
Published: May 2024

The article raises the question of the role of George Kryzhitsky in the formation of the theoretical platform and the creation of the theater workshop of FEKS (“Factory of the Eccentric Actor”). For the first time in scientific practice, a comparative analysis of Kryzhitsky’s publications of 1921–1922 is undertaken: “The Theater of the Spirit of the Flesh”, “Philosophical Farce”, “Philosophical Farce. Theater on the contrary”, “Excitement” in the collection “Eccentricity — as a single corpus of theoretical texts. The basic aesthetic categories based on the principles of ancient philosophy and theater, and the dynamics of his concept of a new theater are revealed; the significance of the theoretical constructions of Kryzhitsky in the formation of the ideological and artistic principles of the eccentric theater, stated in the “Manifesto of the Eccentric Theater” (1921) and in the collection “Eccentricity” (1922). Based on the analysis of texts and historical and biographical information, the hypothesis of the influence of Kryzhitsky as the “only adult” of the FEKS on the creative worldview of his young associates (G. Kozintsev, L. Trauberg, S. Yutkevich) in the southern period of their acquaintance (1918–1920), as well as about the key role of Kryzhitsky in the Petrograd process of formation of the creative collective in late 1921 — early 1922. The split of the original core of the FEKS and further history of the relationship between Kryzhitsky and Kozintsev, Trauberg and Yutkevich, who pursued movie making, are also considered through the prism of theory — as a result of the revealed differences in the assessment of the communicative side of the creative process. The article claims that Kryzhitsky remained faithful to a “live” stage performance with a real audience, which embodies a “unified sense of theater”, and his former associates chose a virtual screen action for self-expression, that is a fundamentally different medium.
Polycode text in digital communications of the university: Сontent, graphics, illustrations
Authors:   Perm Polytechnic University, Shlyakhova Svetlana S. , Kolesnik Alina Yu. ,   Perm Polytechnic University
Published: May 2024

The article considers the structuring regularities of the polycode text functioning in the news feeds of the technical universities websites. The relevance of the research is due to the need for a linguistic description of various formats and genres of digital communication. The novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive analysis of the scientific news feed of technical universities. The purpose of the study is to analyze the verbal (verbal media topics, themes) and non-verbal (graphics, illustrations, visual media topics) components of a polycode text. The research methods are content analysis, graphical and semiotic analysis. The multidimensional characterization of the various components of the text of scientific content makes it possible to identify the thematic dominants of university content, as well as a system of paraverbal techniques for its design. The discourse analysis makes it possible to establish inter-semiotic relations that reflect the distribution of meaning at the level of the verbal and visual code of the text. The image of the technical university as a research structure in the relevant fields of science and production dominates at the level of verbal codes. Herewith, the scientist (as a person) is on the periphery, but it provides the research process. Visual media topic is dominated by the image of a male scientist (as a person), which is a more significant component in the structure of the scientific process than the process itself and the scientific community. The visual components of the text (graphics and illustrations) are distinguished by a narrow repertoire of techniques. The analysis of verbal and visual media topics showed a logical inversion. The visual code complements and compensates for the verbal code, and vice versa. These data are consistent with the established dominant function of illustrations in the news text: the function of a supplement.