bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Participation of the Public in Central and Local Governance: Principles, Statistics and European Experiences for Ukraine
Authors: Semianovskyi V. М.
Published: November 2019

Issues of the effective participation and cooperation of the civil society in power bodies have been a central social problem of the globe in the latest times. Although theoretical issues of participatory governance have been well developed and widely implemented, e. g. in business sector, cooperation of Power and Community pose a serious problem in the world and Ukraine in particular. The effectiveness of cooperation between Power and the civil society is downgraded by the issue the current condition of both parties, the quality of their work and their mutual trust. Also, it needs to be born in mind that this problem is a part of the triangle Power – Society – Business, and that the external environment has significant impact in the conditions of globalization.

Given the Ukrainian context, it should be considered that the power system here was inherited from the Soviet Union. It is incompatible with the present-day realities, and its reform has been so far ineffective. The data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (SSSU) show the vast numbers of officials in local governance and central power bodies, picked up in industry-like administrative departments. The bulky apparatus of public governance being streamlined on the problem solution process in economic industries, social problems, not mentioning the ones of individual humans, can be looked at only before elections.  

On the other hand, according to SSSU, Ukraine has a network of rather diverse public organizations, but their total number is small. According to Eurostat, quantitative and qualitative parameters of the civil society in Ukraine lag far behind the European ones. A diversity of goals, weak consolidation of efforts, resources and methods for solving the most important problems are factors complicating the cooperation between Power and Community.

Theoretical and practical aspects of the problem related with cooperation of Power and the civil society have been elaborated in Europe since long. Advanced principles and various technologies for its solution have been proposed and implemented. The first typology of the public participation in form of “public participation staircase” was admittedly made by researcher Sh. R. Arnstein. She broke the staircase into the three levels: non-participation, symbolic participation, public power. To boost the effectiveness of collaborative action, the European community has elaborated the Code of recommended norms for the participation of the public in taking public decisions. In fact, this technology is the standard of cooperation between Power and Community in Europe.  

The need for reform of the system for cooperation of power bodies with the civil society in Ukraine by use the European experience of cooperation is substantiated. The issues of goals, principles, methods and phases of cooperation between the power and the society, their advantages and drawbacks are highlighted.
The Investment Security of the Country: Strategic Goals and Support Mechanisms
Authors: Bondaruk T. H. , Bondaruk O. S.
Published: November 2019

It is justified that scientific studies of economic security at country level gain higher importance in the conditions of transformation. The processes concerned with the investment security are gaining special significance, because it is an important condition for the sustainable development of a country. An econometric assessment of the data on incoming foreign direct investment in the national economy and Investment Attractiveness Index of Ukraine is performed. The theoretical framework of the investment security and its strategic goals are investigated. The investment security mechanism is defined by the author as the system of organizational, economic, institutional and legal actions with impact on the domestic economic environment, intended to stimulate domestic and foreign investors to sustain the scopes of economic investment capable to guarantee the extended reproduction of the economy, protection of the national economic interests,  effective location, prevention and liquidation of the threats to the investment security of a country. The theoretical construction of the investment security mechanism is defined; its underlying theoretical and methodological principles are extended. It is shown that the organizational and economic mechanism for the investment security represents a multilevel hierarchical system of causally linked organizational and economic mechanisms and their typical groups (entities, objects, principles, methods, instruments etc.), and the ways of their interactions that harmonize economic relations (interests) of the government and business entities and the whole society. It is demonstrated that the investment security needs to be based on the following principles: the elaborated strategy; the clearly formulated national economic interests; the classification of threats; the defined set of indicators and their marginal levels; the security assessment; the applications of tools, ways and methods to ensure security; the elaborated strategy of the investment security. The investment security mechanism is implemented with the goal of guaranteeing the national economic interest. It is shown that the next step in the study has to focus on indentifying the risks and threats to the investment security and building the mechanism for protecting the national interests of a country.
ESSENTIAL TRIGONOMETRY WITHOUT GEOMETRY
Authors: Gresham John , Wyatt Bryant , Crawford Jesse
Published: November 2019

The development of the trigonometric functions in introductory texts usually follows geometric constructions using right triangles or the unit circle. While these methods are satisfactory at the elementary level, advanced mathematics demands a more rigorous approach. Our purpose here is to revisit elementary trigonometry from an entirely analytic perspective. We will give a comprehensive treatment of the sine and cosine functions and will show how to derive the familiar theorems of trigonometry without reference to geometric definitions or constructions.

Supplemental material is available for this article online.
A comparative study of a direct current heating system and a gas furnace heating coil
Authors: Taileb Ali
Published: November 2019

The objective of this research is to compare the efficiency of a direct current (DC) heating system with an electrical furnace coil. This was done using a house lab as a test bed located on the Durham College Whitby Campus in Canada. The house is approximately 1000 square feet, originally built circa 1950's/1960's, with an existing gas furnace of 60,000 BTUs and an energy efficiency EnerGuide rating of 95.5. Three options were tested during winter 2016 along with the electrical heating element. Weather normalization was taken into consideration using data provided by the weather network. The analysis showed that the direct current heating system option 3 had a higher BTUH/Watt= 3.73 compared to the furnace heating element=2.25 BTUH/Watt which represent a difference of 39.6%. An energy simulation was run using the HOT2000 software to evaluate the direct current technology vs gas, oil, propane and electricity. In each case the direct current technology showed an energy savings better than the comparative technology. From the data collected and analysis, it can be concluded that the direct current system is a valid technology for heating buildings. It is more efficient than the industry standard electrical heating coil with an efficiency of up to 40% better.
Serving a Forgotten Population
Authors: Riedner Mary Beth , Shay Tysha , Kuni Kayla
Published: November 2019

The stigma attached to a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease or a related dementia is enormous, and those living with dementia often speak of the negative, and almost immediate, social impact of the disease. According to Alzheimer’s Disease International, there were approximately 50 million people worldwide living with dementia in 2017 and this number could reach 131.5 million by 2050 (n.d.). The social isolation that affects many people living with dementia is best combatted by knowledge and understanding. There are many ways that libraries can put their mission statements into action with regard to this devastating disease. People living with dementia are coming into libraries every day. Library staff need training to recognize those who may be affected and to develop effective communication techniques to meet their special needs. In addition to purchasing books and other materials about the disease and how to cope with it, libraries can help those living with dementia and their caregivers find medical information available from underused sources such as Medline Plus from the National Library of Medicine. Libraries are uniquely suited to host educational events and community discussions. Outside organizations such as the Alzheimer’s Association can provide informational sessions held in the library. There are also several model projects developed by libraries across the country that demonstrate how libraries can provide direct programming and services to those living with dementia. Libraries can play a significant role in reducing social isolation among those living with dementia and improving the quality of their lives.
Narrative, Objects, and the Construction of the Self
Authors: Howarth Lynne C
Published: November 2019

Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease know no boundaries. While this much is known, there is little beyond the medicalization of onset to provide insights into individuals instantly marginalized by a diagnosis with no future. The role of objects and storytelling in supporting the well-being and engagement of those dealing with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) has recently become an accepted strategy in non-medical interventions for the disease. Many care facilities, day programs, and associations providing support for ADRD offer reminiscence and story sharing as regular activities. Building on research undertaken to explore how objects can be used as memory cues to evoke a memory of a person, place, event, or artefact in an individual’s personal narrative, this paper makes a case for mobilizing object memoir to empower the voices of the cognitively disabled. It argues for respecting the individual storyteller, not for the person he or she once was or may become in the future, but as someone with a unique identity and an inherent value as she or he is in the present. Object memoir as a readily invoked activity not only adds to the self-worth and social efficacy of an individual with ADRD, but also fosters meaningful connection with family, friends, and other caregivers who may be experiencing the loss of their own stories as memories of a shared past fade or disappear.
Relevance and Irrelevance
Authors: Montepeloso Roberta
Published: November 2019

Book Review
Patient Knowledge and Understanding of Home Health Services Criteria
Authors: Philip B. Collins, DO  , Stuti Jha, PhD  , Alison Mancuso, DO, FACOFP  , John F. Bertagnolli, Jr., DO  , Sondra M. De Antonio, MD  , John Galezniak, DO  , Kathryn M. Montgomery, OMS II  , Lt. Rohith R. Kothakapu, OMS II
Published: November 2019

Context: This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of patients’ understanding of homebound criteria and house call eligibility.
Pseudogout: Uncommon and Under-Recognized
Authors: Scott R. Brown, DO  , Alissa M. Cohen, MS, DO
Published: November 2019

Pseudogout or calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is an uncommon and often under-recognized resentation in primary care. Patients may initially develop asymptomatic crystal deposition, but these changes can evolve to synovitis, arthritis, and cartilage calcification. An initial differential diagnosis includes traditional gout, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, and Lyme disease. Acute attacks of CPPD may be indistinguishable from these conditions clinically, and a definitive diagnosis requires synovial fluid analysis. Fluid should be microscopically analyzed for cell count, crystal analysis under compensated polarizing microscopy, Gram stain, and culture. CPPD crystals are weakly birefringent under polarized light and have a rhomboid or rod-shaped appearance. No therapy is proven optimal, so CPPD treatment is instead tailored to symptoms, with goals of controlling acute pain, preventing additional attacks, and impeding the degenerative joint disease associated with CPPD disease arthropathy. Current treatment methods include intra-articular corticosteroid injections, NSAIDs, DMARDs, OMT, and in severe, refractory cases, surgery.
Afrikkalainen muuttoliike, turvallisuus ja Venäjä
Authors: Virkkunen Joni , Piipponen Minna , Reponen Tuulia
Published: November 2019

Vuosina 2015–2016 Suomeen tuli yli 30 000 turvapaikanhakijaa erityisesti Lähi-Idästä ja eri Aasian ja Afrikan maista. Pieni osa heistä tuli niin sanottua arktista reittiä Pohjois-Venäjältä. Heistä neljäsosa oli Venäjällä asuneita maahanmuuttajia. Keskitymme tähän muuttoliikkeeseen Venäjällä asuneiden afrikkalaisten maahanmuuttajien näkökulmasta. Keitä afrikkalaistaustaiset Venäjällä ovat, ja keitä olivat arktisen reitin afrikkalaiset? Syyt maastamuuton ja arktisen reitin taustalla nostavat esiin turvallisuuden moniulotteisuuden kansainvälisissä muuttoliikkeissä. Turvapaikanhakijoiden vaikea asema Venäjällä nivoutui monenlaiseen arjen turvattomuuteen ja rasismiin, määritteli muuttopäätöksiä ja siirtyi myös salakuljettajien avustuksella Suomen Schengen rajalle valtion turvallisuuteen liittyviksi kysymyksiksi rajojen hallinnasta. Tutkimus perustuu arktisen reitin Venäjällä asuneiden afrikkalaisten turvapaikkahakemuspöytäkirjoihin sekä Venäjän afrikkalaisia ja maahanmuuttopolitiikkaa käsittelevään tutkimuskirjallisuuteen
Pohjoinen ulottuvuus eurooppalaisen yhteistyön työkaluna
Authors: Kuusisto Alina
Published: November 2019

Pohjoinen ulottuvuus on Suomen vuonna 1997 tekemä EU-poliittinen aloite, joka pyrkii edistämään tasavertaista kumppanuutta unionin, Venäjän, Norjan ja Islannin välillä. Aloitteen taustalla ovat Suomen kansainväliset ja EU-poliittiset intressit, mutta samalla se on heijastanut EU:n ulkopoliittisen toimijuuden muutosta. Artikkeli tarkastelee Pohjoisesta ulottuvuudesta vuodesta 1997 käytyä keskustelua historiantutkimuksen näkökulmasta diskurssihistoriallista lähestymistapaa hyödyntäen. Suomen ulkopoliittisten toimijoiden puheet, virkamiesten, poliitikkojen ja alue- ja paikallistason toimijoiden haastattelut, Pohjoisesta ulottuvuudesta eduskunnassa käyty keskustelu sekä eräät aiheeseen liittyvät poliittiset asiakirjat osoittavat, kuinka eurooppalaisen naapuruuspolitiikan ja EU-Venäjä-suhteiden kehitys on vaikuttanut Pohjoisen ulottuvuuden politiikan tavoitteisiin ja sisältöihin sen eri vaiheissa ja kuinka Suomi on pyrkinyt luovimaan EU-solidaarisuuden ja erityisen Venäjä-suhteensa asettamien vaatimusten välillä. Pohjoinen ulottuvuus on muuttunut 1990-luvun lopulta Suomen johtavasta EU-poliittisesta pohjoisen Euroopan alueellistamiseen tähtäävästä visiosta epäpoliittiseksi ja käytännönläheiseksi kumppanuustyöksi, jota suomalaiset markkinoivat Euroopan unionille toimivana Venäjä-yhteistyön työkaluna.
IMPLEMENTASI STANDAR PROSES DALAM KURIKULUM 2013 DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Oktaviani Ndaru Mukti , Wulandari Isnaini
Published: November 2019

The curriculum 2013  is one of the policies of the Indonesian government in improving the quality of human resources through education  that is adjusted  to the needs of the community. Changes in the learning process in the  curriculum 2013 have an impact on the readiness of teachers to implement it. Based on the results of the FGD conducted with elementary school teachers in the Kuningan region, it was stated that most of the teachers still had difficulties in implementing the learning process that was in accordance with the learning process of the 2013 curriculum. This statement should be explored further on what were the causes of teacher difficulties in applying the learning process in accordance with  the  curriculum 2013. Therefore it is necessary to conduct research on the implementation of standard processes in the  curriculum 2013 in elementary schools. The research method used in this study is case study. The study was conducted at public elementary schools located in Kuningan Regency, namely SD Negeri Dukuhdalem, Japara District, SD Negeri 1 Manislor, Jalaksana District, and SD Negeri 1 Purwawinangun, Kuningan District. There are two types of research instruments used, namely observation sheets and interview guides. The results of the study note that the main obstacle in carrying out the syllabus in the curriculum 2013 is the lack of socialization in changing syllabus content, teachers have difficulty in making lesson plans, especially to include activities that are in accordance with the scientific approach, there is a gap between the material needed and the source of material in the book. provided, in the classroom management aspect the obstacle faced is the teacher's lack of readiness to follow changes in the learning process in the  curriculum 2013, the teacher is still unable to carry out the demands of the learning process that is in accordance with the  curriculum 2013 in the assessment process, most teachers complained about the complexity of the assessment process. The obstacle often faced by teachers was that the assessment instruments were still limited
Responces of identified cardioregulatory neurons within CNS of mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis at hyperglycemia and insulin action
Authors: Sidorov Alexander V. , Shadenko Victoria N. , Kazakevich Victor B.
Published: November 2019

Increase in haemolymph glucose level (from 0,09 (0,08; 0,10) to 0,54 (0,44; 0,69) mmol/L) and intracavitary injection of insulin (0,05 IU/g) results in 10 –20 % growth of heart rate in comparison with control group. Multidirectional effects of glucose (10 mmol/L) and insulin (0,2 IU) – 1,6-time increase and 2,3-time decrease of firing rate respectively, were observed in identified peptide-containing neurons V.D.1 and R.Pa.D.2. Both these substances initiate the appearance of synaptic inputs on the membrane of the R.Pa.D.1 neuron, being the evidence of the central cardioregulatory rhythm activation within CNS of Lymnaea. It is assumed that shifts of glucose level are involved in neuronal cardioregulation in molluscs.
Cloning of cDNA glucoamylase Aspergillus awamori into yeast integrative expression vector
Authors: Kulik Alena V. , Rus Olga B. , Evtushenkov Anatoliy N.
Published: November 2019

We constructed pKLAC2-based integrative expression plasmid pKGLA-1 with glaA gene from Aspergillus awamori 466. The PCR amplification of the target gene glaA and restriction analysis proved pKGLA-1 construction. Linearised plasmid was used for the integrative transformation of chemically competent Kluyveromyces lactis GG799 cells. Colonies of cells transformed with pKGLA-1 plasmid were selected by growth on agar plates containing 5 mmol/L acetamide. Expression of the heterologous gene in K. lactis cells was visually assessed using medium containing 2 % starch. K. lactis cells containing integrated pKGLA-1 DNA secreted recombinant protein glucoamylase with a native N-terminus.
Intra- and interpopulation variability of Solidago canadensis L. s. l. in Belarus
Authors: Tikhomirov Valery N. , Ravenskaya Iryna A.
Published: November 2019

The study of the variability of 22 morphological characters in 5 populations of Solidago canadensis L. s. l., growing in the city of Minsk and its environs, was carried out. Comparison of the obtained data with previously published information on the nature and range of variability of the North American taxa Solidago subsect. Triplinerviae showed that plants growing on the territory of the Republic of Belarus cannot be unambiguously assigned to any of the North American species by the combination of morphological characters. Compared to North American taxa, the plants of the studied populations have a significantly more powerful habitus (a large average plant height, longer and in many populations broader mid stem leaves, most often a larger inflorescence), intermediate in comparison with S. canadensis s. str. and S. altissima s. str. and significantly different from both North American species, the length of involucres and the length of tubular flowers, significantly longer outer phyllaries, shorter straps of ray florets, larger ovaries of ray florets, but their shorter pappus, a significantly smaller number of disc florets. The disc florets have significantly larger teeth compared to S. canadensis s. str. and S. altissima s. str. The data obtained confirm the point of view of Hildemar Scholz, according to which the invasive goldenrod, which is currently widely distributed throughout Europe, are of European origin. Most likely, they are either stabilized hybrids that arose during breeding due to the crossing of several North American species, or arose as a result of spontaneous mutation and further selection under natural conditions.
Clinical, psychovegetative and hormonal features of stress-dependent menstrual disorders
Authors: Khadzhieva N. Kh. , Voznesenskaya T. G. , Burchakova M. N.
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study. To determine the clinical, hormonal and psychological characteristics in women with stress-related menstrual disorders. Subjects and methods. 82 women of reproductive age where stress was defined as the cause of menstrual dysfunction and 20 women of the same age with a regular menstrual cycle were examined. The hormonal and psychological status (Beck depression inventory, state-trait anxiety inventory, social readjustment rating scale, sleep quality assessment, the quality of life questionnaire, questionnaire of vegetative state) was examined. Results. Oligomenorrhoea in the structure of stress-induced impairment was 79.3 %, amenorrhea - 14.6 %, abnormal uterine bleeding - 3.7 % and premenstrual syndrome - 2.4 %. The level of cortisol was significantly higher (p = 0.01) in patients of the main group, whereas the level of androstenedione was significantly lower (p = 0.03). indexes DHEA-S/ cortisol, estradiol/cortisol are significantly lower in the women with menstrual disorders. A high level of stress was associated with an increase in prolactin levels. in women with stress-related menstrual disorders was dominated anxiety. Conclusion. The reaction of the reproductive system to stress is expressed mainly in menstrual irregularities arising from the development of anxiety, prolonged activation of the pituitary-adrenal axis and increased secretion of prolactin.
Hormonal profile in postmenopausal women: do they need androgen therapy?
Authors: Zaydieva Ya. Z.
Published: November 2019

The effect of androgen on women s health has not been fully elucidated. Circulating levels of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) gradually decrease with age in postmenopausal women, although transient increases have been observed during the menopausal transition. High testosterone level has been suggested to be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, increased triglyceride, insulin resistance and increase in the risk of developing breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Female androgen insufficiency, which is characterized by the presence of reduced androgen level in circulation, leads to an impairment in sexual drive, reduced libido, depressed mood, and signs and symptoms of limited androgen exposure such as decreased muscle mass, reduced bone density and decreased sense of well-being.
Menopausal hormone therapy and cancer risks of reproductive system. Literature review
Authors: Zaydieva Ya. Z.
Published: November 2019

Data on risks of development of oncological diseases of bodies of reproductive system in women during menopausal transition and in a postmenopause are submitted at treatment of menopausal frustration by the preparations intended for menopausal hormonal therapy, the containing various doses of estrogen and progestogen used in the cyclic or continuous mode.
Individual choice of hormonal contraceptive
Authors: Kuznetsova I. V.
Published: November 2019

Contraception is a unique tool that helps not only to avoid unwanted pregnancy and its termination, but also to get additional health benefits. However, the prevalence of the use of contraceptives as a whole and the resource itself, in terms of additional benefits, hormonal contraception, is far from the actual needs. The presented review substantiates the algorithm for the individual selection of a hormonal drug depending on the clinical portrait of a woman in order to solve the problem of reliable and safe protection from pregnancy with preventive and therapeutic effects.
Modern methods of external-beam radiation therapy in treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Nazarenko A. V. , Tkachyov S. I. , Alieva S. B. , Romanov D. S. , Medvedeva B. M. , Sagaydak I. V. , Boldyreva V. A. , Bykova Yu. B. , Zaychenko O. S. , Fedoseenko D. I. , Medvedev S. V.
Published: November 2019

Treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is an urgent problem of modern oncology. Despite the possibility of using various methods of local and systemic exposure and their continuous improvement, the results of treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in general remain unsatisfactory. Modern radiation therapy can be considered as one of the significant methods of local exposure due to relative efficacy and acceptable tolerability. Implementation of radiation treatment in the mode of stereotactic radiotherapy is a promising direction in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma because of the possibility of applying ablative doses with a significant restriction of doses to healthy organs and tissues in a short period of time and the possibilities of combining this method with other variants of specific treatment.
PD-1/PD-L1 pathway at immunotherapy of renal cell carcinoma. Part 2. Functions of signal way PD-1/PD-L1 for immune system and immunotherapy
Authors: Naberezhnov D. S. , Morozov A. A. , Fridman M. F. , Alferov A. A. , Bazaev V. V. , Kushlinsky N. E.
Published: November 2019

Renal cell carcinoma is highly refractory to conventional chemotherapy. The survival of tumor cell in several cases is assisted by overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules such as PD-L1 to avoid being attacked by the immune system. One of directions of contemporary immunotherapy is the blocking of checkpoint of immunity by antibodies. This part of review consideres meta-analysis of the literature describing PD-1 and its ligands as prognostic markers for choice of therapy for of renal cell carcinoma. The association between PD-L1 and prognosis seems to be more robust than for PD-1 and PD-L2. Soluble forms PD-1 and PD-L1, as markers of non-invasive diagnosis is examined. The characteristic of the drug acting on the PD-1/PD-L1 system is given. in the end the conclusion is about the most effective drugs such as ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab and their combinations is made. We also review the current progress in clinical trials, combination of drug therapy with immunotherapy, safety, and future of check point inhibitors PD-1/PD-L1.
Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases as new class of drugs in oncology. Achievements and development prospects in treatment of ER+ /HER 2- breast cancer
Authors: Vakhitova A. A. , Orlova R. V.
Published: November 2019

The review is devoted to a new class of drugs - inhibitors of cy-clin-dependent kinases. The discovery of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of cell cycle regulation, and as a result, the emergence of CDK4 / 6 inhibitors was a breakthrough in the treatment of ER+ HER2- metastatic breast cancer and changed the paradigm of hormone therapy in this group of patients. We consider the current role of CDK4 / 6 inhibitors in treating patients with hormone-sensitive breast cancer, as well as the prospects for the future use of this class of drugs. The article presents the results of the main registration studies of the FDA-approved inhibitors of CDK4 / 6: palbocyclyb, ribocyclyb, abemocyclib; a comparative analysis of their efficacy and toxicity profile was carried out.
Discogenic pain
Authors: Danilov A. B. , Danilov A. B.
Published: November 2019

Discogenic pain in the back presents certain difficulties both in clinical diagnosis and in understanding pathogenesis. In recent years, several significant mechanisms of the pathogenesis of this type of back pain have been disclosed. it has been shown that the key factors for its development are increased expression of the cytokine iL-1b and other inflammatory mediators, which destroy the intercellular matrix of the disc and inhibit the production of proteoglycans. Pathological angio- and neurogenesis, developing in the intervertebral disc, which normally is aneuricular and avascular, are the main pathophysiological mechanisms of discogenic pain. Based on a number of analyzed works, it can be concluded that preparations containing chondroprotectors (symptomatic slow-acting drugs in osteoarthritis, SYSADOA) are able to influence these key pathogenesis of discogenic back pain.
Atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries and arterial hypertension. Features of antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Barbarash O. L. , Kashtalap V. V.
Published: November 2019

The review article discusses the use of antihypertensive therapy in patients with arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis of the lower limb arteries from the perspective of current clinical guidelines. Outlined the goal of therapy, rational combination of drugs. The problems and limitations in the appointment of antihypertensive therapy to patients with peripheral arterial diseases in actual clinical practice are discussed. The postulated priority of fixed combinations in the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension and peripheral atherosclerosis to increase adherence to prescribed therapy and improve the prognosis. literature sources from open databases PubMed, MEDLINE, eLibrary are used.
Features of arterial rigidity in patients with bronchial asthma depending from accompanying arterial hypertension
Authors: Sobko E. A. , Demko I. V. , Soloveva I. A. , Kraposhina A. Yu. , Gordeeva N. V. , Ishenko O. P.
Published: November 2019

The article deals with changes in arterial rigidity in patients with bronchial asthma, depending on the presence of concomitant hypertension. The aim was to study the arterial rigidity parameters in patients with bronchial asthma depending on the presence of arterial hypertension on the standard antiinflammatory therapy for early diagnosis of complications of the cardiovascular system. A significant increase of arterial rigidity was shown, manifested by an increase in the pulse wave velocity in the aorta (AoPWV) and augmentation index (Alx) in patients with bronchial asthma of moderate and severe course in comparison with the control. In the study of the main indicators of arterial rigidity, depending on the presence or absence of hypertension, it was shown that in the group of patients with hypertension, changes in AoPWV and IA were more significant than in the group of patients with normal blood pressure. Increasing of BMI contributes to the development of arterial rigidity in patients with bronchial asthma. The formation of arterial rigidity is associated with clinical and functional parameters and hypoxemia
Desynchronosis markers in risk assessment of metabolic syndrome development
Authors: Bobko O. V. , Tikhomirova O. V. , Zybina N. N. , Klitsenko O. A.
Published: November 2019

The objective of the study is to show significance of desynchronosis laboratory markers in risk assessment of metabolic syndrome (MS) development. Materials and Methods. There were examined 98 men, aged 43-88, diagnosed with dyscirculatory encephalopathy showing one and more risk factors for development of cardiovascular diseases. They were divided into 2 groups according to the international guidelines of 2009: with MS (n = 61) and without MS (n = 37). Parameters of fats, glucose metabolism, inflammatory mediators, fat tissue metabolism markers, melatonin metabolite excretion (6-sulfatoxymelatonin) were defined in blood serum and urine. Results. The article presents data on changes in leptin, adiponectin, PAI-1, testosterone production and 6-sulfatoxymela-tonin excretion in patients with MS. There are calculated threshold values of these markers definitely increasing MS risk and logistic regression equation which allows assessing MS risk for an individual patient. Conclusion. Detected disorders of melatonin synthesis diurnal dynamics in patients with MS and interconnection between melatonin production and adiponectin, leptin, PAI-1, testosterone synthesis allow considering these parameters as desynchronosis markers significant for MS development.
Modern laboratory biomarkers for diagnosis of dysfunctions of targe organs in syndrome of multiple organ failure
Authors: Dementieva I. I. , Kukaeva E. V.
Published: November 2019

This review presents the basic information on the generally pathophysiology of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and especially the development of target-organ dysfunction. The modern biomarkers that can diagnose organ dysfunction in the early stages of their development.
Increasing specificity of modern test-systems for diagnosis of ToRCH infections on example of IgM CMV
Authors: Vashukova S. S.
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study was to Substantiate the format of tests for laboratory diagnosis of ToRCH-infections, to identify the causes of insufficient sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA tests on the example of determination of immunoglobulin M against cytomegalovirus, and to offer the solutions. Conclusions. The method of mucapture solves the problem of specificity, and the variant of sequential incubation with conjugates - the first incubation with Biotin, the second with streptavidin - enhances the signal by increasing the number of covalent bonds, which increases the sensitivity of the test.
Modern tactics laboratory diagnosis of disorders of iron metabolism during pregnancy
Authors: Khabarov S. V. , Denisova O. V.
Published: November 2019

Modern therapeutic approaches can significantly correct iron-deficient co and normalize iron metabolism in women during gestation, but for this, the practitioner must make the right decision to conduct both screening studies in this group of patients and to choose the optimal personalized laboratory diagnosis in pregnant women with clinically expressed pathological changes.
Anatomical features of mandibular incisive canal according to CBCT-data in patients in edentulous anterior mandibula (literature review)
Authors: Sedov Yu. G. , Avanesov A. M. , Chibisova M. A. , Gvozdikova E. N. , Mustafaeva R. S. , Zurnacheva D. D. , Blokhina A. V. , Mordanov O. S.
Published: November 2019

Dental implant placement in the anterior mandibula can lead to the range of complications including neurological disorders and bleeding. One of the reasons is mandibular incisive nerve damage that carries homonymous neurovascular bundle. The aim of the study is the review of CBCT-studies of mandibular incisive canal in patients in edentulous anterior mandibula.
Morphometric analysis of relationships of basic dimensions of dental arts taking into account individual gnatic types
Authors: Dmitrienko S. V. , Davydov B. N. , Domenyuk D. A. , Ivanyuta S. O.
Published: November 2019

Aim. Determining the relationship between the main parameters of the dental arches of the upper and lower jaw in people with physiological occlusion of permanent teeth. Materials and methods. The research materials were the results of biometric measurements of plaster models of dentition of 119 people of the first period of adulthood with a full set of permanent teeth, physiological occlusion, and various gnathic and dental types of dental arches. The gnathic variants (mesognathy, dolichognathy, brachygnathy) of the dental arches were determined taking into account the dental index calculated as the ratio of the half of the sum of the 14-tooth crowns to the width of the dental arch between the second molars. Types of the dental system (normodontia, macrodontia, microdontia) were determined by the results of the summation of the width of the crowns of the upper teeth. Results. According to the results of biometric studies, it was established that regardless of the gnathic and dental type of dental arches, the ratio of the sum of the mesial-distal sizes of 14 teeth of the upper jaw to the same parameters of the lower jaw averaged 1.065 ± 0.005. The ratio of the sum of the width of the crowns of 7 teeth of each half of the dental arch to the size of the frontal-distal diagonal was 1.065 ± 0.005 both on the upper and on the lower dental arch. The ratio of the diagonal dimensions of the upper dental arch to the same size of the lower arch was also 1.065 ± 0.01 for all types of dental arches. Conclusion. The obtained ratios, as highly informative, diagnostically significant indicators, can be used to determine the compliance of the main dimensions of the dental arches of the upper and lower jaws, to characterize the physiological occlusion, to select the size of artificial teeth in people with complete adentia, to predict the shape and size of dental arches when treatment of patients with occlusion anomalies in order to achieve an optimal functional and aesthetic result.
Quality of life and its dynamics under influence of treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Krylova E. A. , Plotnikova E. Yu.
Published: November 2019

In 72 patients with chronic pancreatitis were studied quality of life indicators using a common questionnaire the SF-36 (Short Form-36, Healt Status Survey) in the dynamics of treatment. It was established that the disease affects the quality of life of patients, affecting all levels of life:physical, emotional, role, psychological, social functioning. After treatment, the quality of life of patients significantly improved both indicators of physical and social health of patients increased the overall tone and physical activity during the day, improves sleep at night.
Use of photodynamic therapy for photodamage skin (review of literature)
Authors: Surkichin S. I. , Gryazeva N. V. , Kholupova L. S. , Bochkova N. V.
Published: November 2019

The article provides an overview of the use of photodynamic therapy for photodamage of the skin. The causes, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of skin photodamage are considered. The definition, principle of action of photodynamic therapy, including the sources of light used, the classification of photosensitizers and their main characteristics are given. Analyzed studies that show the effectiveness and comparative evaluation in the selection of various light sources and photosensitizing agents for photodynamic therapy in patients with clinical manifestations of photodamage.
Atopic dermatitis: new horizons of therapy
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Gensler E. M.
Published: November 2019

Over the past decades, the first breakthrough milestone in the treatment of severe forms of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been targeted therapy aimed at inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13. This was made possible thanks to advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, the driver of which is the Th2-type immune response, which also underlies such manifestations of atopy as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and polynosis. In the case of the Th2-type immune response, cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 are secreted, which are the main promoters of the inflammatory response in AD. Inhibition of IL-4 and IL-13 leads to the prevention of inflammation and is an effective approach to therapy. The use of therapy aimed at inhibition of cytokines allows you to effectively cope with the manifestations of severe and moderately severe blood pressure.
Effectiveness of tetracycline antibiotic in treatment of pyoderma with pronounced vesicular component
Authors: Yakovlev A. B.
Published: November 2019

Pyoderma is the most common disease in the practice of a dermatologist. in its development pyodermatic process takes place in consecutive stages that eventually culminate in hyperergic inflammation. The clinical manifestation of this stage is the vesicle. The purpose. To study the effectiveness of antibiotics tetracycline group of minocycline (Minolexin) with pyoderma involving severe vesicular component. Materials and methods. The efficacy of minocycline in 25 patients with different nosological forms of pyoderma was studied. Conclusions. The vesicle is a stage of hyperergic inflammation. Minocycline has not only antibacterial, but also a mild immunoregulatory effect, it contributes to the rapid cessation of the development of the vesicular component.
Severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis treatment by biologic: own clinical practice
Authors: Gorodnichev P. V.
Published: November 2019

The creation of a fundamentally new class of medicines aimed at inhibiting IL-17A, one of the main pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, opens up broad prospects for patients to receive effective and safe pathogenetic psoriasis therapy due to the precise anti-inflammatory target. The selective blockade of IL-17A makes it possible to block the same name of receptor binding, regardless of the route of its synthesis, unlike other groups of biologics, such as i-TNFα and i-IL12/23. After a fundamentally new selective product, secukinumab (blocker IL-17A) appeared on the Russian market, it became possible to provide patients with psoriasis with fast and effective therapy, and for patients to receive a fundamentally new quality of life within a few weeks after the start of therapy. In addition, secukinumab provide good tolerability and favorable safety for comorbidities. The article presents clinical cases patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis treating by secukinumab.
Laser tattoo removal: clinical efficacy and safety
Authors: Surkichin S. I. , Gryazeva N. V. , Gres S. N.
Published: November 2019

The article describes the mechanisms of action in laser tattoo removal. The results of the laser removal safety study were presented: the morphological picture of human skin preparations with artificial pigment in the dermis (tattoo) before and after exposure to a picosecond laser to remove the pigment was studied. It is concluded that tattoo removal using a picosecond laser is a safe procedure that allows to recommend it to patients.
Possibilities of laser technology in correction of non-tumor melanin hyperpigmentation of anogenital region skin
Authors: Ikonnikova E. V. , Avagumyan M. A.
Published: November 2019

Relevance. Laser technologies are widely used in various fields of medicine and are one of the most dynamically developing areas of aesthetic guineaology. In recent years, the number of patients who place high demands on aesthetics of the anogenital area has been steadily increasing. The article briefly highlights modern views on the main causes of non-tumor melanin hyperpigmentation of the genital skin, as well as examines various types of laser and light therapy and effective combinations of some treatment methods. Materials and methods. The study included 30 female patients aged from 25 to 45 years with non-tumor hyperpigmentation of the skin of the anogenital region, I-III phototype of the skin. All patients were divided into two equal groups of 15 people depending on the therapy. The patients underwent hyperpigmentation therapy with a neodymium laser (1,064 nm) with a low fluence value and an alexandrite laser (755 nm) with a low fluence value. A total of five procedures were performed at weekly intervals. The results of the study. Therapy with a neodymium laser (1,064 nm) and an alexandrite laser (755 nm) with low fluence was equally effective in the treatment of non-tumor melanin hyperpigmentation of the skin of the anogenital region and showed a high safety profile.
The diagnostic value of electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy in essential arterial hypertension alone and in combination with coronary heart disease
Authors: Chaykovskaya O. Ya. , Ryabykina G. V. , Kozlovskaya I. L. , Sobolev A. V. , Kozhemyakina E. Sh. , Saidova M. A.
Published: November 2019

Objective: to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 12 leads in patients with essential arterial hypertension (AH) and in AH in combination with ischemic heart disease (IHD) compared with echocardiography (EchoCG) data. Materials and methods: ECG and EchoCG were carried out in 165 patients with AH (n = 139) and AH with concommitant IHD (n=26). Results: EchoCG signs of LVH ("EchoCG +") were detected in 72 (51,7%) patients with AH and in 12 (46,1 %) patients in AH + IHD. In the EchoCG + group the electrocardiographic signs of LVH (Sokolov-Lyon index, Cornell product, Cornell index) were determined in 37 (30,5 %) hypertensive patients and in no case in the AH + IHD group. In the "EchoCG-" group, electrocardiographic signs of LVH were determined in 8 hypertensive patients and two in the AH + CHD group. The use of additional voltage criteria for LVH in the frontal plane leads (RI > 15 mm, R I + S III > 25 mm, R aVL > 12 mm) increased the detection of LVH from 30,5 % (n=22) to 51,3 % (n=37). The false negative ECG diagnosis of LVH was influenced by: positional features, interventricular conduction defect, metabolic disorders and high index body mass. Conclusion: The Sokolov-Lyon index, the Cornell index, the Cornell product have low sensitivity in the diagnosis of LVH (30,5 %). Adding the frontal plane leads voltage criteria for LVH may contribute to increase in electocardiographic LVH detection (51,3 %). The decrease in the sensitivity of the ECG criteria for LVH is mainly caused by the positional features of the heart, interventricular conduction defect, metabolic disorders and high index body mass.
Brugada-like ECG changes caused by signal filtering
Authors: Drozdov D. V.
Published: November 2019

Clinical observations in which the ECG pattern of Brugada Syndrome was caused by ECG filtration are reviewed in the article. The causes of ECG distortion during filtering are considered. The relationship of these distortions with the parameters of anti-drift filters (high-pass filters) are considered also. it is necessary to make sure that the bandwidth of the electrocardiograph is not limited at low frequency (not less than 0.05 Hz, that equivalent time constant at 3.2s or more) in all cases of the Brugada syndrome pattern.
Cardiorespiratory indices stress echocardiographic test in young people with sarcoidosis in the early stages
Authors: Bartosh-Zelenaya S. Yu. , Evsikova I. A. , Mamaeva O. P. , Naiden T. V. , Scherbak S. G.
Published: November 2019

Patients with sarcoidosis are usually young people with active lifestyle. On early stages of the disease, clinical symptoms are commonly absent, and its detection occurs by chance. The results of examining this group of patients at rest may not exceed the normal values, therefore it s necessary asses them at the peak of exercise. Undoubtedly, it is important not only to assess the extent of cardiorespiratory system lesion, but also to estimate physical reserve, physical activity level they can perform without harming their health and aggravating underlying disease. Cardiorespiratory stress-echocardiography allows to get complete information for patients with sarcoidosis.
Thermosemiotic raynaud’s phenomenon for gastrointestinal pathology in children
Authors: Kolesov S. N.
Published: November 2019

The results of long-term thermal imaging (TI) studies of local peripheral vegetative-vascular disorders in children with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are summarized. TI cntena for the diagnosis of different variants of Raynaud's phenomenon depending on the gender and age of patients are formulated.