bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Components, Infrastructures, and Capacity: The Quest for the Impact of Actionable Data Use on P–20 Educator Practice
Authors: Piety Philip J.
Published: May 2019

This chapter reviews actionable data use—both as an umbrella term and as a specific concept—developed in three different traditions that data/information can inform and guide P–20 educational practice toward better outcomes. The literatures reviewed are known as data-driven decision making (DDDM), education data mining (EDM), and learning analytics (LA). DDDM is grounded in K–12 settings, has a social orientation, and is shaped by policy. EDM and LA began in higher education using data provided by instructional tools. This review of more than 1,500 publications traced patterns in these communities revealing disciplinary disconnects between DDDM and EDM/LA. Recognizing information’s systemic nature, this review expanded the analysis from teacher practice to educator practice. While methodological progress has been made in all areas, studies of impact were concentrated in DDDM. EDM and LA focus on tools for current/future educational settings and leveraging data harvested for basic research while reconceiving learning practices. The DDDM impact studies did not support a directly beneficial model for data use. Rather, long timescale capacity factors, including cultural and organizational processes that impact data use were revealed. A complementary model of components, infrastructure, and capacity is advanced with recommendations for scholarship in education’s sociotechnical future.
Changing How Writing Is Taught
Authors: Graham Steve
Published: May 2019

If students are to be successful in school, at work, and in their personal lives, they must learn to write. This requires that they receive adequate practice and instruction in writing, as this complex skill does not develop naturally. A basic goal of schooling then is to teach students to use this versatile tool effectively and flexibly. Many schools across the world do not achieve this objective, as an inordinate number of students do not acquire the writing skills needed for success in society today. One reason why this is the case is that many students do not receive the writing instruction they need or deserve. This chapter identifies factors that inhibit good writing instruction, including instructional time; teachers’ preparation and beliefs about writing; national, state, district, and school policies; and historical, social, cultural, and political influences. It then examines how we can address these factors and change classroom writing practices for the better across the world by increasing pertinent stakeholders’ knowledge about writing, with the goal of developing and actualizing visions for writing instruction at the policy, school, and classroom levels. This includes specific recommendations for helping politicians, school administrators, teachers, and the public acquire the needed know-how to make this a reality.
Teaching for Diversity: Intercultural and Intergroup Education in the Public Schools, 1920s to 1970s
Authors: Johnson Lauri D. , Pak Yoon K.
Published: May 2019

This historiography chronicles educators’ efforts to teach for diversity through heightening awareness of immigrant experiences as well as discrimination against minoritized religious and racial groups in public school classrooms from the 1920s through the 1970s. This curriculum and pedagogical work was couched under various terms, such as intercultural education, intergroup education, human relations, and cultural pluralism. Drawing from published secondary research literature as well as primary archival sources, we aim to disrupt commonly held views that intercultural education/intergroup education met its demise in the 1950s and show how curriculum and pedagogy shifted after the landmark 1954 ruling of Brown v. Board of Education toward improving intergroup relations within the context of school desegregation. In the end we identify common themes across the decades that include the failure to recruit and support a diverse teaching force, the importance of teacher-led curriculum and professional development, and the lack of a sustained focus on race and racism in classroom practices.
A systematic review: Tools for assessing methodological quality of human observational studies
Authors: Wang Zhicheng , Taylor Kyla , Allman-Farinelli Margaret , Armstrong Bruce , Askie Lisa , Ghersi Davina , McKenzie Joanne , Norris Susan L. , Page Matthew , Rooney Andrew , Woodruff Tracey , Bero Lisa
Published: May 2019

This review is, in press, to be published in the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council’s (NHMRC) Guidelines for Guidelines. Background: Observational studies are the primary human study type for evaluating potential harm from environmental exposures, and therefore critical for developing public health guidance. Although there are tools for assessing methodological quality in observational studies, there is no consensus on optimal tools or key elements to include when assessing quality. This study aims to help decision makers in selecting tools to assess risk of bias in observational studies of exposures. Objective: To identify, describe, categorize elements into domains, and evaluate published tools designed to assess methodological quality or risk of bias in observational human studies assessing the effects of exposures. Study appraisal and synthesis: Data was extracted on the characteristics, development and testing of each tool. The categories of items were classified into 9 domains informed by the literature. Results: We identified 62 tools with 17 categories of similar or overlapping items. Conclusions: Our review highlights the need for a common tool for assessing risk of bias in human observational studies of exposures. Absent that common tool, this review provides a clear cross-walk across available tools and identifies four main take home messages: (1) the tool should have clear definitions for each item and be transparent regarding the empirical or theoretical basis for each domain, (2) tools should include questions addressing 9 domains: Selection, Exposure, Outcome assessment, Confounding, Loss to follow-up, Analysis, Selective reporting, Conflicts of interest and Other, (3) the ratings for each domain should be reported, rather than an overall score, (4) the tool should be rigorously and independently tested for usability and reliability. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42018094173
Factorial Invariance in Hierarchical Factor Models of Mental Disorders in African American and European American Youths
Authors: He Quanfa , Li James Janford
Published: May 2019

Background: There is converging and compelling evidence that mental disorders are more optimally conceptualized in a hierarchical framework that transcends traditional categorical boundaries. However, the majority of this evidence comes from studies that draw upon predominantly Caucasian populations. Whether the hierarchical conceptualization of mental disorders generalizes across racial-ethnic groups, including for African American (AA) youths, is unclear. This research is especially crucial in light of the observed racial-ethnic differences in the prevalence rates of several mental disorders. Methods: We tested multidimensional and bifactor models of 15 DSM-5 diagnoses and psychiatric traits in two groups, including AA (n=3,088) and European American (EA) (n=5,147) youths aged 8-21 from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC). We also conducted multigroup confirmatory factor analyses to test for factorial invariance between the best fitting AA and EA multidimensional and bifactor models. Results: In the multidimensional model tests, a three-factor model, specifying internalizing, externalizing, and thought dimensions, emerged as the best fitting model for AAs and EAs. In the bifactor model tests, a three-factor model (i.e., internalizing, externalizing, and thought dimensions) that also specified a general factor emerged as the optimal for both AAs and EAs. The general factor accounted for a significant proportion of the covariation between the secondary factors and the individual disorders and traits. Furthermore, both models were factorially invariant, indicating that there was no significant difference in the factor structure of mental disorders between AAs and EAs in PNC. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the hierarchical factor structure of mental disorders may be racial-ethnically robust. This finding has implications for etiological and epidemiological studies focused on racial-ethnic subgroup comparisons, particularly with respect to identifying similarities and differences in prevalence rates or sociodemographic risk factors for mental disorders.
Pengembangan modul pembelajaran zat adiktif dan psikotropika berbasis scientific approach dengan crossword puzzle
Authors: Arimadona Siska , Silvina Rini
Published: May 2019

Pengemasan modul pembelajaran yang menarik akan mengakomodasi pencapaian kompetensi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran berbasis scientific approach dengan crossword puzzle pada materi zat adiktif dan psikotropika. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi, lembar respon oleh guru dan siswa. Statistika deskriptif digunakan sebagai teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid dan layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran pada materi zat adiktif dan psikotropika bagi siswa SMP.
Beyond the Second Demographic Transition: Cohabitation in Chile
Authors: Ramm Alejandra , Salinas Viviana
Published: May 2019

Previous studies suggest that Latin America is entering into a Second Demographic Transition (SDT). This essay asks whether this theory can account for increasing cohabitation in Chile, contrasting this perspective with three alternative frameworks: gender revolution (GR), declining patriarchy (DP), and the pattern of disadvantage/dual marriage system (POD/DMS). We analyze available evidence from published works and from new research to explore the pertinence of these frameworks to the situation in Chile. We argue that female autonomy is a key determinant of the rise in cohabitation. The SDT, as originally stated, assigned female autonomy a significant role as the engine of demographic changes. However, in recent formulations, specifically, in its applications to Latin America, female autonomy was subsumed under individual autonomy. In any event, structural changes that are preconditions to female autonomy have not been addressed by the SDT. Thus, other frameworks are needed to explain the Chilean situation. According to the DP approach, within a long-term process of declining patriarchy, recent increased participation of Chilean women in paid work was probably the main promoter of female autonomy. Yet greater female autonomy has not been accompanied by changes in men’s domestic labor or by less familistic social policies, which is in accordance with the first stage of the GR. Moreover, enduring inequalities—as proposed by the POD approach—and ongoing relevance of the DMS probably account for the speed of growing cohabitation, not only among the more disadvantaged population, but also among more affluent groups.
KARADENİZ’DE RUSYA-ABD REKABETİ VE UKRAYNA KRİZİ
Authors: ÜNALMIŞ Ahmet Nafiz , OĞUZ Şafak
Published: May 2019

Batılı

devletler ve Rusya Federasyonu arasında Doğu Avrupa, Kafkasya ve Karadeniz

bölgesine yönelik rekabet 2014 yılında başlayan Ukrayna Krizinden bu yana daha

da artmıştır. NATO’nun Soğuk Savaş’ın sona ermesinden bu yana Rusya’nın

sınırlarına doğru genişleme gayreti ve özellikle Gürcistan ve Ukrayna’nın

ittifaka üyeliklerine yönelik ısrarcı tutumu, Rusya’nın bu konuyu ulusal

güvenliğine karşı önemli bir tehdit olduğunu vurgulayacak şekilde sert

tepkisine yol açmıştır. ABD’nin Avrupa Aşamalı Uyarlanabilir Yaklaşım (EPAA)

projesine yönelik çabaları ve nihayet Orta Menzilli Nükleer Silahlar

Anlaşmasından (INF) çekilmesi bölgedeki durumu daha da zorlaştırmıştır. Her iki

taraf da nükleer kabiliyete sahip savaş uçaklarının konuşlandırılması dahil

Karadeniz’deki askeri varlıklarını önemli ölçüde artırmışlardır. Bir yandan

NATO üyesi, diğer yandan da Rusya’nın önemli bir ortağı konumunda olan Türkiye

ise bir denge politikası yürüterek batılı devletlerin 1936 Montrö Boğazlar

Sözleşmesi’ni revize etme çabalarını geri çevirmeye gayret etmektedir. Bu

çalışma NATO ve ABD ile Rusya arasındaki Karadeniz’e yönelik çetin rekabeti ve

Ukrayna krizinin bu rekabete isini analiz etmektedir.
The current state of molecular testing in the treatment of patients with solid tumors, 2019
Authors: El‐Deiry Wafik S. , Goldberg Richard M. , Lenz Heinz‐Josef , Shields Anthony F. , Gibney Geoffrey T. , Tan Antoinette R. , Brown Jubilee , Eisenberg Burton , Heath Elisabeth I. , Phuphanich Surasak , Kim Edward , Brenner Andrew J. , Marshall John L.
Published: May 2019

The world of molecular profiling has undergone revolutionary changes over the last few years as knowledge, technology, and even standard clinical practice have evolved. Broad molecular profiling is now nearly essential for all patients with metastatic solid tumors. New agents have been approved based on molecular testing instead of tumor site of origin. Molecular profiling methodologies have likewise changed such that tests that were performed on patients a few years ago are no longer complete and possibly inaccurate today. As with all rapid change, medical providers can quickly fall behind or struggle to find up‐to‐date sources to ensure he or she provides optimum care. In this review, the authors provide the current state of the art for molecular profiling/precision medicine, practice standards, and a view into the future ahead.
Vulnerabilidade í aids entre mulheres de aglomerado subnormal
Authors: Andrade Smalyanna Sgren da Costa , Brito Karen Krystine Gonçalves de , Gomes Karina Karla de Sá , De Lucena Andreia Sousa Marques , De Santana Emanuelle Malzac Freire , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos
Published: May 2019

Objetivou-se identificar as caracterí­sticas sociais e o comportamento sexual de mulheres sob a ótica da vulnerabilidade ao HIV/aids, considerando o perfil do cenário nacional. Pesquisa tipo inquérito domiciliar, de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa, envolvendo 300 mulheres. A coleta de dados ocorreu em um aglomerado subnormal do municí­pio de João Pessoa/PB, utilizando como estrutura operacional o Plano de Amostragem Sistemática e para análise estatí­stica o programa SPSS, versão 20.0. A amostra caracteriza-se com perfil entre 30-34 anos, pardas, com pouca escolaridade, renda precária, desempregadas ou exercendo ocupações menos qualificadas. Apresentaram caracterí­sticas de vulnerabilidade conducentes ao contexto brasileiro. Precocidade e desproteção na primeira experiência sexual, ocorrência de IST, gestação não planejada, heterossexualidade e parceria fixa se consolidaram como fatores de risco í  contaminação pelo HIV. Os achados indicam as dificuldades institucionais e individuais em implementar ações eficazes no controle de problemas de saúde de natureza tão delicada.Palavras-chave: sorodiagnóstico da AIDS, mulheres, vulnerabilidade em saúde, Enfermagem.
Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de responsáveis por crianças quilombolas acerca de primeiros socorros
Authors: Dos Santos Iasmin Melo , Santos Josely Bruce , Pereira Lí­via Pinheiro , Felzemburgh Ridalva Dias Martins , Sacramento Saionara Costa
Published: May 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os conhecimentos de pais e/ou responsáveis por crianças quilombolas acerca de medidas de primeiros socorros. Estudo descritivo exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, realizado através de aplicação de entrevistas domiciliares. A população foram pais e/ou responsáveis por crianças quilombolas entre 0 e 11 anos, 11 meses e 29 dias na comunidade quilombola em Ilha de Maré, Salvador/BA. Os resultados foram: alergias 68,9% buscam o serviço de saúde, diarreia 44,8% utilizam chás, 58,6% em casos de febre utilizam a automedicação, 24% em episódios de vômito buscam o serviço de saúde, 31,1% em casos de queimadura utilizam o resfriamento. Embora em alguns casos a comunidade procure o serviço de saúde, que podem ofertar resolutividade, a mesma encontra-se localizada í  longa distância destes. Desta forma, torna-se necessário o estí­mulo de atividades educativas para que a comunidade tenha o acesso í  saúde de forma integral.Palavras-chave: comunidade, primeiros socorros, criança, acidentes, saúde.
Nascer de cesárea em microrregião paulista: associação com caracterí­sticas sociodemográficas
Authors: Paes Luciana Braz de Oliveira , Soler Zaida Aurora Sperli Geraldes
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre a resolução do parto por cesariana com caracterí­sticas sociodemográficas de mulheres que tiveram o parto realizado em um municí­pio do interior paulista, no ano de 2012. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, vinculado ao Projeto-mãe "Estudos sobre o processo do nascimento na Divisão Regional de Saúde XV (DRSXV)", com dados obtidos junto ao Sistema de Informações de Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), aplicando-se o teste qui-quadrado na análise estatí­stica, com significância de 5%. Resultados: Ocorreram 2846 partos de nascidos vivos em 2012, na cidade estudada, a maioria por cesariana (2396 – 84,2%). A maioria das mulheres submetidas í  cesárea tinha: idade entre 21 a 30 anos (53,7%); escolaridade de 8 a 11 anos (65,9%); situação conjugal com companheiro (66,4%); fizeram sete ou mais consultas de pré-natal (87,8%) e a etnia não estava informada para 68,4% das mulheres, seguindo-se de 24,3% de brancas. Houve significância estatí­stica na realização de cesárea entre mulheres com maior idade, maior escolaridade, ter companheiro e fazer mais consultas de pré-natal. Conclusão: As caracterí­sticas sociodemográficas interferem no tipo de parto, revelando-se como fator predisponente para realização da cesariana entre mulheres de maior classe social.Palavras-chave: cesárea, tocologia, parto normal, parto humanizado, humanização da assistência.
THE INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENOUS AND GEOCHEMICAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE ELEMENTARY STATUS OF CHILDREN OF CHELYABINSK REGION
Authors: Notova S V , Kireeva G N , Zhukovskaya E V , Grabeklis A R , Kiyaeva E V , Skalny A V , Deryagina L E
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the work is to study the peculiarities of the elementary status of the children of Chelyabinsk region, living in the settlements similar in geochemical features, but various in the level of anthropogenic load and determine a major factor of mineral metabolism provision. The results of the study of hair trace elements content in 235 pupils of secondary school aged from 7 till 18 years are presented. All of them lived in the towns: Varna, Karabash and Tomino (Chelyabinsk region), located near the copper-porphyry ores, where commercial development of minerals was carrying out for a long time. The elementary status (40 chemical elements) was estimated by methods ICP-AS and ICP-MS in the Center of Biotic medicine (Moscow). Statistical processing of the results was carried using a program STATISTICA 8.0. It was established that irrespective of the place of residence for the examined children the deficiency of Se, Co, Cr was revealed, that was probably bounded to geochemical features of the territory of accommodation. The greatest impact on the elementary status was exerted by the level of anthropogenic loading. Children from Karabash had considerable excess of the recommended As and Pb values content in the hair; also they had the maximal, in comparison with other settlements, hair Cd, Be, Tl, Ba, Ag, Ni, Sn and Sb content. Children from this settlement had low Ca, Mg, P, B, Sr (the main osteotropic chemical elements) content in hair. Larger accumulation of Cu and Ni in hair of children from Karabash was connected with the ecological situation in the settlement and caused by emissions of Karabash copper-smelting plant.
EXPOSURE TO TOXIC METALS DURING PREGNANCY AND OVERALL WEIGHT-GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEWBORN: SURVEY RESULTS IN MOSCOW REGION
Authors: Ilchenko I N , Boyarskaya T V , Lyapunov S M , Okina O I
Published: May 2019

A human biomonitoring survey of 120 women in birth from six maternity hospitals of Moscow region was carried out on a standard methodology of the World Health Organization. Prenatal exposure to lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic was characterized by low levels: the geometric mean for mercury in maternal hair was 0.21 |jg/g; for mercury in umbilical cord blood - 0.89 |jg/l; for mercury in maternal urine - 0.27 |jg/l, which correspond approximately to the levels in European countries with a relatively low consumption of fish. The average content of lead in cord blood was equal to 7.96 |jg/L, and the total arsenic and cadmium in concentrations in the urine - 0.20 |jg/L and 21.9 |jg/L respectively. Of all toxic metals were established direct and significant associations between lead in cord blood and newborn's weight and height, and negative - between lead in cord blood and cephalization index. Weight and growth characteristics of newborns were also significantly influenced by gestational age, body weight gain of the mother during pregnancy, by newborn's gender. Cephalization index, along with weight and height characteristics of newborns, is an informative indicator that can be used to analyze the relationship between prenatal exposure to heavy metals and neonatal development.
Revize edilen ortaöğretim matematik öğretim programı hakkında öğretmen görüşleri
Authors: TEKALMAZ Gözde
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmada, ortaöğretim kurumlarında
görev almakta olan matematik öğretmenlerinin 2017 yılında yayınlanmış
ortaöğretim matematik dersi öğretim programı ve programın revizesi hakkındaki
görüşlerini analiz ederek belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma
grubunu 2018–2019 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Kocaeli il merkezinde bulunan
Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev almakta olan 11
matematik öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Öğretmenlerle yapılan görüşmelerle elde
edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır.
Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, “Öğretmenlerin yeni öğretim programı
hakkındaki olumlu görüşleri”, “Öğretmenlerin yeni öğretim programı hakkındaki
olumsuz görüşleri”, “Öğretmenlerin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerini
kullanmalarına yönelik görüşleri” ve “Öğretmenlerin yeni öğretim programına
yönelik önerileri”  başlıkları altında
toplanmıştır. Bu başlıklar altında, elde edilen analiz sonuçlarına göre kodlar
oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre, öğretmenler yeni öğretim
programını konu yoğunluğunun azaltılması ve kazanımların yeniden düzenlenmesi
konusunda olumlu bulmuşlardır. Fakat bazı önemli konu başlıklarının
kaldırılması ve öğrencilerin hazır bulunuşluk seviyelerinin kabulü konusunda da
eleştirilerini belirtmişlerdir. Öğretmenler, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin
kullanılmasının teşvik edilmesi yönünde olumlu görüş bildirmişlerdir, ancak
bununla birlikte; bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerini kullanmak konusunda
desteklenmeleri gerektiğini de eklemişlerdir. Özellikle bilgi ve iletişim
teknolojilerini kullanmak isteyip kendini yetersiz hissetmesinden dolayı
kullanamayan öğretmenlerin bulunması dikkat çekicidir. Bu bağlamda,
öğretmenlerin mutlaka hizmet içi eğitimlerle güncel tutulması gerektiğinden
bahsedilebilir. Öğretmenlerin de yeni öğretim programına yönelik önerilerinden
biri de bu düşünceyle paralel olup, hizmet içi eğitimlerin artırılması
yönündedir. Aynı zamanda öğretmenler, bütün okullarda ve sınıflarda aynı
şekilde kaliteli materyal desteği olması gerektiğini de vurgulamışlardır.  Bunun yanında, öğretmenler eğitim programının
çok sık yenilenmemesi gerektiğini bildirmiş ve eğitim programının güncellenmesi
durumunda da uzmanlar tarafından detaylı olarak bilgilendirilmeleri gerektiğini
düşündüklerini ifade etmişlerdir.
Archives and its Role in Preserving the Nation Memory: Legal and Scientific Use of the Records and the Role of National Records and Archives Authority in Oman as a Model
Authors: Hinai Abdulmohsin Said Al
Published: May 2019

The history of archives is very old. Thousands of clay tablets dating into to the third and second millennium B.C were found in cities such as Elba, Syria (2350 B.C.). These archives have been fundamental for understanding ancient alphabets, languages, culture, political and social structure prevailing in those time. Archives were established by the Church from the fifth century and are kept till nowadays. People started to register and record their activity and events, in the rocks, animal bones and skin. Archives play an important role in the nation memory. Archives and records are important for organizations, individuals and the community. They give and provide us an evidence and information about past events and actions. Record keeping has a long history in different civilization, and archives transfer to us the evaluation of the human mind and the understanding of different events during the history, like the collapse of civilization, boundaries dispute, wars that decimated the humans... Archives collect original unpublished material or primary sources; these records are unique and irreparable. If an archival record is damaged, stolen or exposed to various dangers such as wars and terrorist attacks, the information it contains is lost forever. Archives can be an incredibly rich holder of information that should be kept according to legislation and regulations in favour of the archive staff or its clients and should enable the scientific, legal and public use of preserved archival records. This paper will describe in brief these uses and reflect to National Records and Archives Authority in Oman as example.
Documents, Processes, Transactions: the European Digital Archival (R)Evolution
Authors: Castellan Marta Gaia , Marcolongo Igor
Published: May 2019

In Europe the Digital Archival Science is evolving, with regard to the ‘objects’ that we need to preserve (image-copies of the original documents, born-digital documents, video, data transactions), and with regard to tools and trusted services, regulated by EU laws (electronic signatures, seals, time stamps). However, we don’t have a pan-european Regulation for long-term preservation, and each Member State disciplines this service with a national rule. Italy and Slovenia have an excellent Services Accreditation procedure, based on regular audit performed respectively by Agenzia per l’Italia Digitale and Arhiv Republike Slovenije, that attest a high-level of quality and security, presence of qualified staff, trust service provider reliability and compliance with norms and standards.
Effects of dietary supplementation of betaine and sepiolite supplementation on performance and intestinal health in broilers
Authors: UZUNOĞLU Kübra , YALÇIN Sakine
Published: May 2019

The aim of the study was to explain the effects of betaine and sepiolite in diets on performance, carcass characteristics, some blood parameters and some intestinal health parameters in broilers. A total of 192 daily Ross 308 male broiler chicks were divided into one control group and three experiment groups each containing 48 chicks. Betaine and sepiolite was added as top dressed to the diets of experimental groups at the level of 0.15% betaine (1st group), 1.5% sepiolite (2nd group) and 0.15% betaine + 1.5% sepiolite (3rd group). Sepiolite and betaine were not added to the diet of control group. The experimental period was 6 weeks. No differences were observed in body weight, overall body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield and the relative weights of gizzard, heart, liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius among groups. The relative weight of abdominal fat decreased with betaine usage. Supplemental betaine increased relative percentage of kidney weight. Dietary supplementation of betaine with sepiolite had some positive effects on intestinal histomorphology characteristics. The level of serum triglyceride was reduced with 0.15% betaine inclusion in the diet. Albumin, cholesterol, protein, uric acid, AST, ALP and ALT levels of blood serum were not affected by betaine with and without sepiolite supplement. Blood serum IgG level was increased by dietary supplementation of betaine with and without sepiolite. It is concluded that the dietary usage of betaine with sepiolite in broilers can be useful in the field due to having some improvements in intestinal histomorphology and immunity.
A recursive path model for estimation of the live weight using some body measurements in Awassi sheep
Authors: ÖZEN Doğukan , KOCAKAYA Afşin , ÜNAL Necmettin , ÖZBEYAZ Ceyhan
Published: May 2019

Aim of this study was to investigate direct, indirect and total effects of body measurements on live weight in Awassi sheep and to derive prediction equations for estimation of the live weight. Live weight, head length, body length, withers height, chest depth, chest width and rump height measurements of 270 Awassi sheep at the age of 2-4 years raised at a private farm in Eskişehir Province, Turkey was used. A recursive path model was established to estimate the live weight of the Awassi sheep using these body measurements. Results showed that there was a significant indirect effect of withers height, rump height and body length and significant direct effect of chest depth, chest width and head length on live weight. The strongest predictor of live weight was chest depth, followed by chest width and head length. In conclusion, the equations given in this study could serve as a practical tool to predict the live weight of Awassi sheep.
Cambios en el paisaje en un valle del oeste catamarqueño durante el Holoceno tardío. Integrando arqueología, palinología y geomorfología
Authors: Meléndez Ana S. , Kulemeyer Julio J. , Lupo Liliana C. , Quesada Marcos N. , Korstanje María A.
Published: May 2019

El Valle de El Bolsón (Belén, Catamarca) se ubica entre dos áreas geográficas y culturales de gran interés en la arqueología del NOA. Por su ubicación, entre la Puna y los valles bajos, se presenta como un lugar desde donde estudiar los cambios ambientales a nivel local y su relación a las secuencias paleoambientales conocidas en la región. Estudios de polen fósil contenido en la secuencia sedimentaria de Laguna Cotagua informan sobre los cambios en la vegetación a partir de los 5581 años cal AP. El estudio sedimentológico del mismo y de terrazas fluviales con materiales arqueológicos en estratigrafía evidencian abruptos cambios en la geomorfología del valle desde ca. 3000 años AP. El estudio geoarqueológico de los mismos aportó información para ordenar cronológicamente eventos de erosión y deposición de sedimentos que en alguna medida tuvieron impacto en las formas en que las poblaciones prehispánicas habitaron el valle. La finalidad de este trabajo es presentar la integración de estos datos a la información arqueológica disponible y aportar al corpus de datos paleoambientales del NOA.
Análisis faunístico del sitio Laguna de los Pampas (partido de Lincoln, región Pampeana). Aportes a los estudios de la subsistencia en el área Oeste de la Pampa Húmeda
Authors: Álvarez María C.
Published: May 2019

Las investigaciones desarrolladas en los últimos años permitieron generar modelos sobre la subsistencia de los cazadores-recolectores que habitaron las distintas áreas de la región Pampeana durante el Pleistoceno final/Holoceno. Sin embargo, para el área Oeste, los datos sobre la dieta son aún escasos. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del análisis del conjunto arqueofaunístico del sitio Laguna de los Pampas (partido de Lincoln, Buenos Aires), con el objetivo de evaluar las principales tendencias de la subsistencia. Asimismo, se pretende comparar los resultados con los modelos de dieta conocidos para otras áreas lindantes. La muestra de Laguna de los Pampas está conformada por 2.583 especímenes y cuenta con dos fechados correspondientes al Holoceno medio. A partir de los análisis realizados se pudo determinar la explotación de una importante diversidad de especies de distinto tamaño (Ntaxa = 9), entre ellas: artiodáctilos, armadillos, roedores, carnívoros y aves. Los datos generados son coincidentes con el modelo propuesto para el área Interserrana para la primera mitad del Holoceno medio, momento en el cual se observa una dieta orientada hacia el consumo de los artiodáctilos, pero complementada con una amplia variedad de taxones.
Arqueología e historia en Aldea Beleiro (sudoeste de Chubut). Antiguos y nuevos habitantes de la cueva Casa de Piedra de Roselló y sus alrededores
Authors: Castro Esnal Analía , Casanueva M. Laura
Published: May 2019

Desde el año 2010 se realizan tareas de investigación arqueológica en Aldea Beleiro, sudoeste de Chubut, con la finalidad de recuperar la historia del poblamiento de la provincia, desde sus comienzos hasta la llegada de los inmigrantes en el siglo XIX y el surgimiento de la población criolla. Desde la Arqueología –analizando tanto la cultura material como documentos históricos y entrevistas– y con un enfoque regional, se busca armar el rompecabezas histórico del área. En este sentido, uno de los ejes de esta investigación es la interacción de los distintos grupos sociales y la vida cotidiana transcurrida en sus espacios de habitación. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los estudios llevados a cabo en la cueva Casa de Piedra de Roselló y los relevamientos realizados en asentamientos de familias indígenas de momentos históricos en Aldea Beleiro, demostrando así una continua ocupación de la región desde hace al menos 9000 años.
Aporte a la cronología de chenques tardíos del lago Salitroso (Santa Cruz, Argentina)
Authors: García Guraieb Solana , Goñi Rafael A. , Guichón Fernández Rocío
Published: May 2019

Se presentan dos nuevos fechados radiocarbónicos obtenidos en uno de los chenques tardíos (ca. 800-350 AP) del lago Salitroso (SAC) y sus implicaciones para las discusiones vigentes sobre prácticas mortuorias y cuestiones demográficas en el área. Se trata de SAC 1-2, un chenque primario múltiple, compuesto por un adulto femenino y 5 individuos infantiles. Dos fechados anteriores lo situaban en el orden de ca. 450 años AP. Actualmente, se fecharon dos subadultos hallados juntos en la base del entierro, cuya posición sugería su inhumación contemporánea. Mientras uno de los individuos mantuvo el orden de los ca. 400-500 años AP (487 ± 23 AP), el segundo presenta una fecha (709 ± 30 AP) que se aleja más de 200 años radiocarbónicos del anterior. Esta situación genera, nuevas preguntas sobre las prácticas mortuorias y la manera en que ocurre la reutilización de las estructuras de entierro. Además, tiene implicaciones para ideas previas sobre la recurrencia de episodios de simultaneidad de muerte de subadultos de diversas edades como explicación posible para las “anomalías” identificadas en el perfil de mortalidad de los chenques tardíos. Este caso alerta sobre la necesidad de refinar aún más el detalle de la cronología de los entierros del lago Salitroso.
Proposal of city tram-train line for Wrocław
Authors: Makuch Jacek
Published: May 2019

In article short review of different types of present tram-train solutions working on world was made. Worked out till now proposals of tram-train lines for Wrocław were analysed. Proposal of new city tram-train line for Wrocław, connecting existing tram-loops Poświętne and Kromera, with utilization of railway line number 292 on section among stations Wrocław Sołtysowice and Wroclaw Osobowice, serving housing estates Poświętne and Karłowice, with possible branch to Sołtysowice was presented.
Matching the platform edge placement to rolling stock in existing tram systems on the example of Wroclaw
Authors: Gisterek Igor
Published: May 2019

The work contributes to the development of the optimal solution of the horizontal and vertical gap between the platform edge and the tramway threshold in Wroclaw. General arguments for the development of urban rail transport have been described, and the basic features of an attractive system are discussed. Historical and current works focused on the position of the car floor with relation to the platform were collected, taking into account selected current foreign regulations. Suggested solutions possible for use in Wroclaw conditions were posed. The necessity of carrying out further detailed studies and considerations to be carried out in the second part of the work has been emphasized.
Reseña: Proceso penal desde la historia. Desde su origen hasta la sociedad global del miedo
Authors: Ordeñana Gezuraga Ixusko
Published: May 2019

Reseña: Silvia Barona Vilar. Proceso penal desde la historia. Desde su origen hasta la sociedad global del miedo. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch, 2017. 9788491692812 (rústica) 42,66€, (libro electrónico) 27,00€.

Book review: Silvia Barona Vilar. Proceso penal desde la historia. Desde su origen hasta la sociedad global del miedo. Valencia, Spain: Tirant lo Blanch, 2017. 9788491692812 (Pb) 42.66€, (e-book) 27.00€.
Ações docentes nos Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem proporcionadas pelas ferramentas de Learning Analytics
Authors: Dias Júnior Maurício Vieira , Mercado Luís Paulo
Published: May 2019

Percebe-se que há uma relevante adoção dos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA) na educação superior, em especial na modalidade a distância. Estes ambientes, com o apoio do Big Data, podem proporcionar ações para a prática avaliativa docente a partir de ferramentas que contemplem os objetivos da learning analytics (LA), segundo modelos e ciclos de vida já definidos na literatura. Neste estudo foi desenvolvida a consolidação de dez possíveis ações docentes a partir destas ferramentas, modelos e ciclos de vida, tendo como objetivo a confrontação destas ações com docentes envolvidos oriundos de instituições de ensino superior (IES) que atuam na educação a distância (EaD) evidenciando-as através de um experimento onde utilizaram seis destas ferramentas de perfil docente em suas respectivas disciplinas no AVA Moodle. Para coleta, foram utilizados dois questionários semi-estruturados (pré e pós-experimento). Ficou caracterizado como resultados deste estudo que as ferramentas que tiveram maior destaque para ações de LA foram: Completion Progress (18,5%), Course Dedication (18,1%) e Level Up! (17,8%), já as ações de LA com maiores graus de destaque foram: “monitoramento” (17,4%), seguido por “avaliação/feedback” (13,0%) e “intervenção” (12,0%), havendo assim, compatibilidade com o propósito de atingir a prática avaliativa dentro dos AVA a partir destas ferramentas.
Analysis of Brand Experience, Brand Satisfaction and Brand Trust Relationship to Brand Attachment
Authors: Wardani Deni , Gustia Reza Rekayasa
Published: May 2019

In this modern age, people are required to have a high social mobility. The increasing number of private cars is resulted from the growing number of middle class in Indonesia. The main focus of this study was to analyze the effect of brand experience, brand satisfaction, brand trust towards brand attachment. this research is classified as descriptive analysis method to take samples and questionnaire as the main tool. The sample was 150 BMW users, especially those who have a BMW car in Jakarta.  Respondents were selected using non probability sampling techniques and sampling convince. The results of analysis using structural equation model (SEM) found evidence for following relationships: brand experience significant positive effect on brand satisfaction, but it is not significant on brand trust. It has also found that brand satisfaction has significant positive effect on brand trust and brand attachment. However, brand satisfaction is found not having significant positive effect on brand attachment.
African American Women and Depression: Promoting the Need for Culturally Competent Treatment
Authors: Kennedy Bernice , Jenkins Chalice ,   BRK Global Healthcare Consulting Firm, LLC
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Depression is gradually increasing in African American women. These women are experiencing role changes and additional life stressors. Depressed African American women may perceive themselves as being devalued by society with fewer support systems to buffer stressful events. Depressive symptoms may develop into clinical depression and a further decrease in the quality of life for the African American woman. The assumption that all women share similar experiences does not allow for differences to emerge regarding the diagnostic process, measuring tools, and successful treatment strategies for various cultures. The authors developed a Multifaceted Model of Depression in African American Women for improving treatment of African American women with depression and future research needs. Cultural background plays a vital role in how the symptoms of mental illnesses are developed, reported, interpreted, and how women are treated.
African Americans who subscribed to the Strong Black Women Archetype (SBWA) are naturally strong, resilient, self-contained, and self-sacrificing. This self-reliance prevents them from reaching out for social support. This, in turn, can contribute to depressive symptoms with negative health outcomes. The African American women are more apt to have less access to routine medical care where early diagnosis and interventions can be done, so their mental health problems (e.g., depression, stress, etc.) are often more developed, complicated, and their social supports more depleted when they do access treatment. When African American women do have access to mental health care, they receive poor quality care compared to Whites.
Characterizing the Gamma-Ray Variability of the Brightest Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars Observed with the Fermi LAT
Authors: Meyer Manuel , Scargle Jeffrey D. , Blandford Roger D.
Published: May 2019

Almost 10 yr of γ-ray observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope have revealed extreme γ-ray outbursts from flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), temporarily making these objects the brightest γ-ray emitters in the sky. Yet, the location and mechanisms of the γ-ray emission remain elusive. We characterize long-term γ-ray variability and the brightest γ-ray flares of six FSRQs. Consecutively zooming in on the brightest flares, which we identify in an objective way through Bayesian blocks and a hill-climbing algorithm, we find variability on subhour timescales and as short as minutes for two sources in our sample (3C 279 and CTA 102) and weak evidence for variability at timescales less than the Fermi satellite’s orbit of 95 minutes for PKS 1510–089 and 3C 454.3. This suggests extremely compact emission regions in the jet. We do not find any signs of γ-ray absorption in the broad-line region (BLR), which indicates that γ-rays are produced at distances greater than hundreds of gravitational radii from the central black hole. This is further supported by a cross-correlation analysis between γ-ray and radio/millimeter light curves, which is consistent with γ-ray production at the same location as the millimeter core for 3C 273, CTA 102, and 3C 454.3. The inferred locations of the γ-ray production zones are still consistent with the observed decay times of the brightest flares if the decay is caused by external Compton scattering with BLR photons. However, the minute-scale variability is challenging to explain in such scenarios.
Dust Rotational Dynamics in C-shocks: Rotational Disruption of Nanoparticles by Stochastic Mechanical Torques and Spinning Dust Emission
Authors: Hoang Thiem , Tram Le Ngoc
Published: May 2019

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nanoparticles are expected to play an important role in many astrophysical processes due to their dominant surface area, including gas heating, chemistry, star formation, and anomalous microwave emission. In dense magnetized molecular clouds where C-shocks are present, PAHs and nanoparticles are widely believed to originate from grain shattering due to grain–grain collisions. The remaining question is whether these nanoparticles can survive in the dense and hot shocked regions, and how to constrain their size and abundance with observations. In this paper, we present a new mechanism to destroy nanoparticles in C-shocks based on centrifugal stress within rapidly spinning nanoparticles spun up by stochastic atomic bombardment, which is termed rotational disruption. We find that, due to supersonic neutral gas-charged grain drift in C-shocks, nanoparticles can be spun up to suprathermal rotation by stochastic torques exerted by supersonic neutral flow. The resulting centrifugal stress within suprathermally rotating nanoparticles can exceed the maximum tensile strength of grain material (S
max), resulting in rapid disruption of nanoparticles smaller than a ∼ 1 nm for

. The proposed disruption mechanism is shown to be more efficient than thermal sputtering in controlling the lower cutoff of grain size distribution in C-shocks. We model microwave emission from spinning nanoparticles in C-shocks subject to supersonic neutral drift and rotational disruption. We find that suprathermally rotating nanoparticles can emit strong microwave radiation, and both peak flux and peak frequency increase with increasing shock velocity. We suggest spinning dust as a new method to constrain nanoparticles and trace shock velocities in shocked dense regions.
Functional and Cosmetic Urethroplasty Outcome, Emotional Stress after Genital Examination, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Ages at the Time of Urethroplasty as Potential Risk Factor Causing Psychosocial Disorder of Hypospadia Children
Authors: Duarsa Gede Wirya Kusuma , Pratiwi Dinar Ayu , Tirtayasa Pande Wisnu , Yudiana Wayan , Santosa Kadek Budi , Oka Anak Agung Gde , Wahyuni Sri , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Children with hypospadias, being born with congenital abnormalities, having repeated genital examination, hospitalization, and undewent genital surgery, experienced psychological stress that may negatively affect their psychosocial life. Choosing the proper time of surgery as recommended is important, since it may have a positive impact on the psychosocial adaptation.
AIM: This study aims to find the risk factors causing psychosocial disorders in post-repair surgery on hypospadias children.
METHODS: This is a case control study, from 203 hypospadias patients underwent urethroplasty from 2009 to 2018. Subjets were screened for psychosocial disorders by Pediatric Symptoms Questionnaire 17 (PSC-17) questionnaire to find those with psychosocial disorders, score 15 or more (case group) and those without psychosocial disorders (control group), score 0-14. We traced back the data retrospectively from both group (history of utrethrocutaneous fistula and meatal stenosis, age upon urethroplasty) and collecting new ones (cosmetic outcome, emotional stress after genital examination, and the existence of PTSD). Fisher’s exact test was performed to see the Odds ratio (OR) for each variable.
RESULTS: Some children with hypospadias show impaired on psychocosial. Functional and cosmetic outcome not significantly different as potensial risk factor psychosocial disorders, genital examination doesn’t trigger psychological stress and also none children show PTSD symtomp after surgery. Comparison time of age urethroplasty did not differ significantly between two group
CONCLUSIONS: Twenty-nine children post urthroplasty show psychosocial disorders. Functional and cosmetic urethroplasty outcomes, emotional stress after genital examination, post-traumatic stress disorder were not risk factors of pshycosocial disorder of hypospadias patients. Ages at time of surgery did not differ significantly between two group and this is contradict to the previous recommendations.