bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the issue of stereotypes in the assessments of Stolypin agrarian reform
Authors: Kapitonenkov Alexey M.
Published: August 2020

The article, based on speeches, circulars and personal correspondence of P. A. Stolypin, as well as other materials, reveals the goals, content and methods of large – scale agrarian reforms of the beginning of the 20th century, which went down in history as the Stolypin agrarian reform. Despite more than a century of study and a huge historiography, P. A. Stolypin’s agrarian transformations continue to be the subject of acute scientific and political discussions. At the same time, P. A. Stolypin’s agrarian transformations have always been and still remain one of the most politicized topics in Russian history, and this has fully affected their study. This study shows the inconsistency of a number of stereotypical ideas that prevent an unbiased approach in evaluating the reform.
The remains of a prehistoric dugout from Skorbičy (Družba) Village in the Buh River region
Authors: Asheichyk Vitali U. , Beliavets Vadzim G.
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the remains of a prehistoric dugout discovered at the edge of a sand quarry near Skorbičy (Družba) Village, Brest District, Belarus in 2013. It was impossible to extract and conserve the boat due to heavy decomposition of wood, but its shape and design features were documented during the archaeological excavations. The boat measured 3.75 × 0.65 m was made from hollowed pine trunk. There were bulkheads near the boat’s bow and stern, and there was a low rib along the bottom on the inside. The bottom and boards were most likely tarred on the outside. There were some dozens of fieldstones inside the boat, on its bow and stern. Some of them were burnt. Five small potsherds of the Iron Age were found in the eastern part of the dugout. Three radiocarbon datings were obtained for the samples of wood from the dugout. Two datings are almost identical and date the boat back from 480 to 210 cal BC. The third one is discordant and has calibrated range from 200 BC to 80 AD. Considering the archaeological context and the results of previous investigations of the archaeological sites in Skorbičy, the earlier dating could be assumed. The dugout is most probably connected with the population of the Pomeranian culture.
A transnational history of the World War I in Jay Winter’s research
Authors: Hlibischuk Nikolai V.
Published: August 2020

Based on the example of the scientific research of the famous american historian Jay Winter, the transnational approach and its advantages in the study of the World War I were analyzed in the article. The attention is paid to the characteristics of this method and its features. According to Jay Winter, transnational dimension of the Great War of 1914–1918 allows to go beyond the narrow national narrative and look at it from the new position, the questions which were studied a long time ago can be inserted in the broad global context and to rethink the meaning and consequences of this global conflict. The author also tried to outline the research perspectives and opportunities which are open in applying this approach.
Hausdorff operators on homogeneous spaces of locally compact groups
Authors: Mirotin Adolf R.
Published: August 2020

Hausdorff operators on the real line and multidimensional Euclidean spaces originated from some classical summation methods. Now it is an active research area. Hausdorff operators on general groups were defined and studied by the author since 2019. The purpose of this paper is to define and study Hausdorff operators on Lebesgue and real Hardy spaces over homogeneous spaces of locally compact groups. We introduce in particular an atomic Hardy space over homogeneous spaces of locally compact groups and obtain conditions for boundedness of Hausdorff operators on such spaces. Several corollaries are considered and unsolved problems are formulated.
Stability of solutions and the problem of Aizerman for sixth-order differential equations
Authors: Kalitine Boris S.
Published: August 2020

This article is devoted to the investigation of stability of equilibrium of ordinary differential equations using the method of semi-definite Lyapunov’s functions. Types of scalar nonlinear sixth-order differential equations for which regular constant auxiliary functions are used are emphasized. Sufficient conditions of global asymptotic stability and instability of the zero solution have been obtained and it has been established that the Aizerman problem has a positive solution concerning the roots of the corresponding linear differential equation. Studies highlight the advantages of using semi-definite functions compared to definitely positive Lyapunov’s functions.
D-optimal experimental designs for linear multiple regression under heteroscedastic observations
Authors: Kirlitsa Valery P.
Published: August 2020

The problem of construction of «continuous» (number of observations is not fixed) and «exact» (number of observations is fixed) D-optimal experimental designs for linear multiple regression in the case when variance of errors of observations depends on regressor value is studied in this paper. Families of functions that determine heteroscedastic observations are found for which it is possible to construct «continuous» and «exact» D-optimal experimental designs. «Continuous» D-optimal experimental designs under four different types of heteroscedasticity are constructed for linear multiple regression with three regressors.
An approximate solution of one singular integro-differential equation using the method of orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Rasolko Galina A. , Sheshko Sergei M.
Published: August 2020

Two computational schemes for solving boundary value problems for a singular integro-differential equation, which describes the scattering of H-polarized electromagnetic waves by a screen with a curved boundary, are constructed.  This equation contains three types of integrals: a singular integral with the Cauchy kernel, integrals with a logarithmic singularity and with the Helder type kernel. The integrands, along with the solution function, contain its first derivative.  The proposed schemes for an approximate solution of the problem are based on the representation of the solution function in the form of a linear combination of the Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials and spectral relations that allows to obtain simple analytical expressions for the singular component of the equation. The expansion coefficients of the solution in terms of the Chebyshev polynomial basis are calculated by solving a system of linear algebraic equations. The results of numerical experiments show that on a grid of 20 –30 points, the error of the approximate solution reaches the minimum limit due to the error in representing real floating-point numbers.
Finding algorithm of optimal subset structure based on the Pareto layers in the knapsack problem
Authors: Chebakov Sergey V. , Serebryanaya Liya V.
Published: August 2020

An algorithm is developed for finding the structure of the optimal subset in the knapsack problem based on the proposed multicriteria optimization model. A two-criteria relation of preference between elements of the set of initial data is introduced. This set has been split into separate Pareto layers. The depth concept of the elements dominance of an individual Pareto layer is formulated. Based on it, conditions are determined under which the solution to the knapsack problem includes the first Pareto layers. They are defined on a given set of initial data. The structure of the optimal subset is presented, which includes individual Pareto layers. Pareto layers are built in the introduced preference space. This does not require algorithms for enumerating the elements of the initial set. Such algorithms are used when finding only some part of the optimal subset. This reduces the number of operations required to solve the considered combinatorial problem.  The method for determining the found Pareto layers shows that the number of operations depends on the volume of the knapsack and the structure of the Pareto layers, into which the set of initial data in the entered two-criteria space is divided.
Situational Excitement Indicators of the Examination Process Influence to the Nervous System in 17 and 20-Year-Old Students in I and IV Courses Depending on Their Types of Temperament
Authors: Rustamova T.
Published: August 2020

The article deals with changes in situational excitemen level of the examination process in I and IV courses depending on the temperament of the nervous system. The research was conducted 2 months before the exam, 30 minutes before the exam and 30 minutes after the exam. Before starting the study, the temperament types of the nervous system of young people were studied. Situational anxiety of young people of different temperament types (emotional stress) was determined by a score system in three different situations: on normal days, before the exam and after the exam. The situational alarm was determined by an express version of the test questionnaire according to the Spielberg. It was found that at all stages, first- and fourth-year students had an insignificant difference between the types in situational excitemen level. Also, the difference between groups was not statistically reliable. In addition, the indicators of phlegmatic, choleric and sanguine types of situational excitemen level in the 4th year students changed statistically reliable in comparison with normal days. At the same age, the phlegmatic and sanguine types of situational excitemen level in after the exam were statistically reliable compared to normal days. In the IV course traps, the indicators of the phlegmatic type are statistically reliable in comparison with before the exam and after the exam situational excitemen level.
Assess the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Local Investment
Authors: Mamatkulov I.
Published: August 2020

The article presents an overview of research on the essence of foreign direct investment. At the same time, the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth in developing countries and countries with economies in transition is analyzed optimistically in the study. Based on the analysis and research, scientific conclusions were formed on the effective use of foreign direct investment in Uzbekistan. Based on these findings, relevant suggestions and recommendations were made.
A PERBEDAAN PENGARUH MCKENZIE EXERCISE DAN CHIN TUCK EXERCISE TERHADAP FORWARD HEAD POSTURE MAHASISWA ILMU KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Yani Fitri
Published: August 2020

Latar Belakang : Penggunaan teknologi gadget menimbulkan kerugian bagi kesehatan, salah satunya gangguan postur. Postur yang tidak ergonomis seperti ini dilakukan dalam waktu yang lama dan berulang menyebabkan gangguan postur. Gangguan postur yang biasa terjadi adalah forward head posture.Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan pengaruh Mckenzie Exercise dan Chin Tuck Exercise terhadap Forward Head Posture pada mahasiswa ilmu komunikasi. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental  dengan pre test dan post test design two group dengan sampel berjumlah 20 orang yang ditentukan dengan purposive sampling. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok 1 dengan perlakuan mckenzie exercise dan kelompok 2 dengan chin tuck exercise. Dilakukan selama 4 minggu dengan frekuensi 3 kali seminggu. Hasil : Uji hipotesis I dan II menggunakan paired sample t-test, kelompok I nilai p=0,001 (p<0,05), dan kelompok II nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05) yang menunjukan ada pengaruh pemberian mckenzie exercise dan chin tuck exercise terhadap forward head posture pada postur mahasiswa ilmu komunikasi. Hasil uji hipotesis III menggunakan uji independent sample t-test dengan nilai pada kelompok I  p=0,493 (p>0,05) dan kelompok II p=0,494 (p>0,05) yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh mckenzie exercise dan chin tuck exercise terhadap forward head posture pada postur mahasiswa ilmu komunikasi. Kesimpulan : Tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh mckenzie exercise dan chin tuck exercise terhadap forward head posture pada postur mahasiswa ilmu komunikasi. Saran : Bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat menyediakan theraband sebanyak jumlah sampel untuk menghemat waktu penelitian.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH ANKLE STRATEGY EXERCISE DAN BALANCE EXERCISE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KESEIMBANGAN DINAMIS PADA LANSIA
Authors: Wardhani Riska Risty , - Jumahira
Published: August 2020

Latar Belakang : Lansia mengalami penurunan sistem Muskuloskeletal, salah satunya adalah penurunan kekuatan otot, bertambahnya usia penurunan sistem muskuloskeletal pada lansia mempunyai peran yang besar terhadap terjadinya jatuh pada lansia. lansia mempunyai pengaruh terhadap keseimbangan postural. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh Ankle Strategy Exercise dan Balance Exercise terhadap peningkatan Keseimbangan Dinamis pada Lansia. Metode Penelitian : Jenis penelitian adalah quasi experimental pre and post two group design dengan sample berjumlah 30 orang yang kelompok yaitu kelompok 1 dengan perlakuan ankle strategy exercise dan kelompok 2 dengan perlakuan balance exercise. Kedua latihan ini dilakukan selama 4 minggu dengan frekuensi 3 kali seminggu. Alat ukur yang di gunakan untuk mengukur keseimbangan dinamis adalah TUGT (time up go test). Uji Normalitas menggunakan Saphiro Wilk Test dan uji Homoginitas data menggunakan Lavene’s Test. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Paired Sample T-test untuk mengetahui peningkatan keseimbangan dinamis pada kelompk I dan II serta uji Independent Sample T-test untuk mengetahui ada perbedaan pengaruh kelompok I dan II. Hasil : Uji dengan Paired Sample T-test untuk kelompok I nilai p = 0,001 artinya (p> 0,05) dan untuk kelompok II nilai p = 0,001 artinya (p> 0,05). Uji perbedaan pengaruh kelompok I dan II dengan Independent Sample T-test nilai p = 0,000 yang berarti (p < 0,05). Ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara kelompok I dan II. Simpulan : ada perbedaan pengaruh Ankle Strategy Exercise dan Balance Exercise terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia. Saran : peneliti dapat mengkombinasikan latihan-latihan yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia.

 

Kata Kunci    : Ankle Strategy Exercise, Balance Exercise, Keseimbangan Dinamis
TERAPI KONVENSIONAL DAN METODE MCKENZIE PADA LANSIA DENGAN KONDISI LOW BACK PAIN KARENA HERNIA NUKLEUS PULPOSUS LUMBAL
Authors: Anggiat Lucky , Fransisko Indra Juni , SSt.Ft Soeparman
Published: August 2020

Pada lansia dapat terjadi gangguan gerak dan nyeri pada beberapa bagian tubuh seperti leher, bahu, leher, punggung bawah, lutut dan kaki dengan prevalensi terbesar adalah nyeri punggung bawah. Beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi timbulnya nyeri punggung bawah atau Low Back Pain (LBP) pada lansia dapat disebabkan kebiasaan duduk lama, mudah lelah, atau akibat penyakit tertentu seperti jatuh terduduk yang menyebabkan hernia nukleus pulposus (HNP) di daerah tulang lumbal. Fisioterapi berperan penting dalam kondisi tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi kasus pada seorang lansia dengan LBP karena HNP. Pemeriksaan dilakukan adalah pemeriksaan nyeri dengan Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) dan kemampuan fungsional dengan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Tindakan fisioterapi yang diberikan pada lansia menggunakan intervensi konvensional seperti Ultrasound (US), Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) dan latihan metode McKenzie. Dengan tindakan fisioterapi konvensional dan metode McKenize memberikan hasil yang baik pada penurunan nyeri dan peningkatan kemampuan fungsional. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan pelaksanaan terapi konvensional dan metode McKenzie dapat memberikan pengaruh yang baik pada lansia dengan LBP karena HNP
PENGARUH MIRROR EXERCISE DAN MASSAGE PADA LAGHOPTHALMUS e.c LESI NERVUS FACIALIS
Authors: . Kuswardani , Amin Akhmad Alfajri , Fauziah Meffananda Agrieta
Published: August 2020

Background : Laghopthalmus is a condition where the eyelids cannot close properly. This disorder results from paralysis m.orbicularis. Eyeballs that protrude slightly outward resulting in blocked palpebrae closure. This disorder causes trauma to the conjunctiva and cornea, so that the conjunctiva and clear membranes become dry and infection occurs.

          Research Methods : This research method is experimental, research design uses case studies, and data collection techniques use Pre and Post Test. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling. Examination of facial motor functions using the ugo fisch scale, examination of muscle strength using MMT, and examination of the eye gap using midline. After 6 times mirror exercise and massage interventions, the result is that functional activities close to the eyes increase, dextra eye gap decreases and muscle strength m. Frontalis, m. Supercili corrugator, and m. Orbicularis Oculi increases.

Result : The results obtained from this study can be concluded from mirror exercise and massage on laghopthalmus et causa facial nerve lesions are effective in improving motor function and increasing muscle strength.
Health Surveillance along with Application of Age-based Scheduled Training Program for Down syndrome
Authors: El Ella Soheir S. Abou , Abo El Fotoh Wafaa Mostafa , Ibrahim Sally Ali
Published: August 2020

Rehabilitation of the family of DS child to provide long-standing follow-up and support as well as the early detection of different health problems. A prospective observational study was accomplished on 65 children with DS selected randomly from the outpatient clinic of pediatric genetics. Application of Health Supervision Guidelines for Individuals with DS for specialized management and monitoring based on different of age groups. Also, the parents of DS children underwent scheduled training plan for solving their children difficulties as hypotonia and associated problem as feeding problem, cervical spine problem and hip dislocation by doing prefeeding exercises and some home physiotherapy in weekly visits. Then these children were evaluated at the end of every four months to assess outcome and retraining of the caregivers as needed. The prevalence of the most associated health problem with DS was the speech difficulty followed by iron deficiency anemia, medically treated ear problems , physical disability , urinary and bowel incontinence ,feeding problems, hypothyroidism and bilateral SNHL (72%, 64.6% , 35%, 33%, 29.2%, 24.6%, 16.9%, 10.7% respectively). After application of our scheduled training program, 84% of trained parents carried out prefeeding exercises, 86% of children showed adequate positioning during feeding as well as improved child cooperation during feeding. Furthermore, 84% got balanced nutritious diet. 68% of children developed urinary control by daytime whereas 60% developed urinary control by day and night. 81% showed improvement in bowel control by decreased frequency of encopresis. An effective early intervention, positive home environment and continuous supportive training of mothers of children with DS are helpful in improving the overall functioning and productivity of these children.
Health Service Utilization and associated factors Among Older Adults in Ambo Town, West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Negewo Abiru Neme , Debocha Wadu Wolancho , Bedada Gadisa Bekele
Published: August 2020

In any country use of health services by elderly could vary according to the cultural, social, economic and demographic situation of the person who may need care. In certain contexts, it particularly varies with age and sex of the potential service user. However; there is paucity of information on the level and associated factors on health service utilization among elderly population in Ethiopia in general and in the study site in particular. To assess Factors Health Service Utilization and associated factors Among Older Adults in Ambo Town, West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. A community based cross sectional study carried out on 284 elderly populations residing in Ambo town from February- March 2018. The collected data was cleaned, coded and entered into computer and analyzed using SPSS windows version 20.0. Descriptive statistics were done to summarize data. Binary and multiple logistic regression was undertaken to determine the independent predictor of health service utilization.  The following factors were identified as determinants of health service utilization among the elderly in Ambo: a medical history of at least one chronic condition (OR = 1.737; [0.425-2.562]; p < 0.000), who had reported enough money to meet their need were 75% utilize health services when compared to participants who did not have enough money to meet their need 47.3% (OR = 1.587; 95% CI = [1.236 – 2.037], p = 0.004). Age, Income, education, medical history of at least one chronic condition and poor perceived health status were the most pervasive determinants of health service utilization. These factors could help health policy makers and health service providers identify and understand the situation of the elderly and consequently create conducive environment for providing appropriate health services.
A public health program and others for about 10,000 villagers in the Kutubu area of Papua New Guinea (PNG)
Authors: Yann Meunier
Published: August 2020

The paper describes the health conditions in villages of the Kutubu area in the Southern Highlands province of Papua New Guinea from 1993 to 1995. A set of actions were planned aiming at improving the health status of people living in these villages as well as the efficiency of medical services provided to these communities through a public health program, which did not exist earlier. After two years, it was shown that the combination of an adequate action plan, appropriate human and financial resources can produce significant results and marked improvement health wise for a population in dire needs.
Projects and programs of physical activity for old in the public Brazilian universities: a general view
Authors: COSTA ALISSON VIEIRA , HUA FENG YU , SAFONS MARISETE PERALTA
Published: August 2020

The objective of this work was to describe a structure of projects/programs existing today in Brazilian public universities, to identify similarities and divergences and to point out indicators for changing new applications. Qualitative research of the descriptive exploratory type. Data were collected using an online instrument with 54 program coordinators, analyzed using the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin. Results: Found similarities regarding teaching strategies for elderly people according to what scientific literature prescribes. There was disagreement regarding the offer of activities in the different programs surveyed; there is no activity model to be followed. There was disagreement as to the type of physical activity offered in the programs. Not all regions have well-structured programs, there is a lack of resources, materials and personnel with experience in the area of physical activity for the elderly; built structures and places for carrying out activities are lacking. The offer of physical activities for the elderly in public universities is not yet a reality in all of them. Most programs increase through university extension and have been one of the maintainers of their legacy. We understand that there are indicators for the formulation of new proposals, such as: the experience of professionals in the field of Physical Education in offering and structuring the physical exercise offered; the need for teacher and continuing training; research and extension together in teaching; the importance of the evaluation as a subsidy for the continuity and prescription of the proposed exercises.
ORIENTASI KHODAM DALAM PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN
Authors: Amrullah Zen , Said Akhmad
Published: August 2020

The meaning of khodam in pesantren is another name for the help of the selfless Kiai, be it khadam bi al-tabarruk, bi al-Maqsud, which not everyone can become a Kiai khodam, they also help the Kiai in carrying out the duties of the pesantren and the housekeeping and economy for the sake of achieving a goal, namely getting blessings or benefits from a Kiai or teacher, although there are some khodam from outsiders who have never studied at the pesantren, khodam is an alternative for students who want to study at the pesantren but do not have sufficient costs to live it, so that by becoming a khodam, they can get an education with the help of their education costs by the Kiai. The view of the pesantren community regarding the existence of khodam basically, they are very helpful in the success of the educational process, with their existence, the students, ustad and even the general public find it easier to communicate with the caregiver or Kiai, Kiai sees khodam not as a marginalized santri, even, on the other hand, the khodam is already considered part of the pesantren's extended family so there is no difference between regular santri and santri who concurrently become this khodam.
THE IMPACT OF INSTAGRAM MARKETING ADOPTION TOWARDS CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISION ON FASHION
Authors: Augustinus Daniel , Agnes Agnes
Published: August 2020

Social networking sites have been emerged and transformed the world, bringing the world and its people closer. Social media which are part of social networking sites have become more effective in marketing tools; it helps in creating opportunities and awareness to consumers. Social media platform such as Instagram has recently become the most popular social networking sites among the young people. In addition, selling and market the products in the virtual store on Instagram represents a new shopping mode for most consumers, especially youngsters both men and women, and they represent an important role in influencing fashion consumer purchase decision through social networking sites. This study attempted to investigate impact of social networking sites towards consumer purchase decision on fashion industry. Therefore, questionnaires are spreaded out to 110 respondents who are social media users in Medan in order to gather the necessary information and data. The results of this research, it is concluded that social networking sites (the usability of Instagram) influences and give impact towards consumer purchase decision on fashion. Moreover, both of the variables have a strong relationship on each other and considered to be linear. The results also demonstrate that Instagram influences fashion consumer purchase decision through its usability such as good metrics, eye catching content, and recommendations from others. Furthermore, Instagram is also proved to have a positive impact towards consumer purchase decision by creating awareness, provide satisfaction feeling and creating virtual communities which may motivates consumer to do an online purchase.
Authors: Veronika Sera , Kadarusman Kadarusman
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh struktur modal terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan pertumbuhan perusahaan sebagai variabel intervening. Dalam penelitian ini, variabel struktur modal diukur dengan indikator DAR dan DER. Variabel kinerja perusahaan diukur dengan indikator ROA dan ROE. Variabel pertumbuhan perusahaan diukur dengan indikator AGR dan SGR. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah perusahaan industri manufaktur tahun 2018 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dalam penentuan sampel penelitian. Didapatkan 50 perusahaan sebagai sampel penelitian sesuai dengan kriteria sampel yang telah ditentukan. Metode analisis data yang dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis partial least square (PLS) menggunakan aplikasi smartPLS 3.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini struktur modal berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Struktur modal berpengaruh positif signifikan tehadap pertumbuhan perusahaan. Pertumbuhan perusahaan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Pertumbuhan perusahaan menjadi variabel mediasi parsial dalam hubungan struktur modal terhadap kinerja perusahaan.
Authors: Syardiansah Syardiansah , Fuad Muhammad , Sari Puspita
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas persediaan produksi pada CV. Fanara Abadi di Kota Langsa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian menggunakan analisis Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer dan skunder yang diperoleh melalui observasi, kepustakaan dan dokumentasi pada CV. Fanara Abadi. Perhitungan biaya persediaan bahan baku dalam penelitian terbagi menjadi 3, yaitu biaya pembelian, biaya pemesanan dan biaya simpan. Biaya pembelian ditentukan dari harga satuan bahan baku yang dibeli dikalikan dengan kuantitas bahan baku yang dibeli. Sedangkan untuk biaya-biaya pemesanan dipengaruhi oleh biaya administrasi dan biaya upah bongkar. Untuk setiap pemesanan biaya yang dikeluarkan adalah tetap. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan perhitungan dengan metode EOQ diperoleh bahwa EOQ untuk tahun 2014 diperoleh bahan baku busa 3.381 unit, kawat 3.286 unit, dan kain 1.803 unit. Tahun 2015 diperoleh EOQ bahan baku busa 3.575 unit, kawat 3.117 unit, dan kain 1.807 unit. Tahun 2016 diperoleh EOQ bahan baku busa 3.557 unit, kawat 3.117 unit, dan kain 1.717 unit. Tahun 2017 diperoleh EOQ bahan baku busa 3.096 unit, kawat 3.098 unit, dan kain 1.719 unit. Dari hasil tersebut terlihat jelas bahwa dengan menggunakan metode EOQ maka CV. Fanara Abadi bisa lebih efektif dalam melakukan pengendalian persediaan produksinya.
Authors: Yanto Anas Tri , Jaenab Jaenab
Published: August 2020

Penelitian yang dilakukan ini digunakan untuk melihat Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Pada Pegawai Kantor Camat Rasanae Timur. Metode kuantitatif  yang digunakan dalam Penelitian ini yang menunjukan sebab akibat .Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh sebanyak 30 pegawai. Observasi, kuesioner dan dokumentasi adalah pengumpulan data yang digunakan. Tehnik analisa data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear sederhana dengan menggunakan software IBM SPSS 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : Budaya Organisasi Berpengaruh Signifikan Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Pada Pegawai Kantor Camat Rasanae Timur.
CircHIPK3 Promotes Metastasis of Gastric Cancer via miR-653-5p/miR-338-3p-NRP1 Axis Under a Long-Term Hypoxic Microenvironment
Authors: Jin Yue , Che Xiaofang , Qu Xiujuan , Li Xin , Lu Wenqing , Wu Jie , Wang Yizhe , Hou Kezuo , Li Ce , Zhang Xiaojie , Zhou Jianping , Liu Yunpeng
Published: August 2020

As a vital feature of the microenvironment, hypoxia, especially long-term hypoxia, is known to promote metastasis and lead to poor prognosis in solid tumors. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in important processes of cell proliferation and metastasis in cancers. However, the contribution of circRNAs to metastasis under long-term hypoxia is obscure. In this study, we aim to explore specific functions of circHIPK3 in long-term hypoxia-promoting metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). The hypoxic resistant gastric cancer (HRGC) cell lines we established previously, which were tolerant to 2% O2 conditions, were used as the long-term hypoxia model. We found that circHIPK3 was upregulated by HIF-2α in HRGC cells, and circHIPK3 facilitated the migration and invasion ability of HRGC cells. Further investigation proved that circHIPK3 promoted metastasis of HRGC cells directly by interacting with miR-653-5p and miR-338-3p to relieve the suppression of neuropilin 1 (NRP1), resulting in the activation of downstream ERK and AKT pathways. Our study identified oncogene functions of circHIPK3 under a long-term hypoxic microenvironment and the possibility of using circHIPK3 as a potential biomarker of long-term hypoxia in GC. In conclusion, circHIPK3 could promote GC metastasis via the miR-653-5p/miR-338-3p-NRP1 axis under a long-term hypoxic microenvironment.
The Screening of Resistance against Meloidogyne graminicola in Oats
Authors: Yao Shun-Min , Huang Yung-Fen , Yang Jiue-In
Published: August 2020

Including pest resistance elements against the major local concern is naturally important in the breeding process. Oat (Avena sativa L.) has been recently reintroduced into Taiwan as a winter alternative forage crop, and its agronomic performance has been evaluated at different locations in the country. This study examined the resistance to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola, in four oat (Avena sativa L.) breeding lines of mass planting potential for winter in Taiwan. The host attraction level to the nematode, and the penetration and reproduction ability of nematode towards host roots were evaluated by chemotaxis assay, root staining assay, root galling, and nematode extraction. Based on the gall index (GI) and multiplication factor (R), the resistance of each oat line was evaluated. At 24 h postinoculation, second-stage juvenile (J2) nematodes appeared most attracted by oat breeding lines UFRGS136104-3 and UFRGS136119-2. The number of J2s successfully penetrated into the two breeding lines were also high. However, at 40 days postinoculation, observation of the oats in the newly developed culture bag nematode-inoculation system revealed that the amount of root galls and 2nd generation nematodes were significantly higher in line LA08085BS-T2 than in other lines. In sum, oat breeding line UFRGS136104-3 was highly resistant to M. graminicola by inhibiting the gall formation and nematode reproduction, while UFRGS136106-3 and UFRGS136119-2 showed relatively weak resistance and oat line LA08085BS-T2 would be a moderately susceptible host to M. graminicola, with high numbers of root gall formation. The outcome of this study provides ground information for nematode-resistant oat cultivar breeding.
Augmenting the Sustainability of Vegetable Cropping Systems by Configuring Rootstock-Dependent Rhizomicrobiomes that Support Plant Protection
Authors: Cardarelli Mariateresa , Rouphael Youssef , Kyriacou Marios C. , Colla Giuseppe , Pane Catello
Published: August 2020

Herbaceous grafting is a propagation method largely used in solanaceous and cucurbit crops for enhancing their agronomic performances especially under (a)biotic stress conditions. Besides these grafting-mediated benefits, recent advances about microbial networking in the soil/root interface, indicated further grafting potentialities to act as soil environment conditioner by modulating microbial communities in the rhizosphere. By selecting a suitable rootstock, grafting can modify the way of interacting root system with the soil environment regulating the plant ecological functions able to moderate soilborne pathogen populations and to decrease the risk of diseases. Genetic resistance(s) to soilborne pathogen(s), root-mediate recruiting of microbial antagonists and exudation of antifungal molecules in the rhizosphere are some defense mechanisms that grafted plants may upgrade, making the cultivation less prone to the use of synthetic fungicides and therefore more sustainable. In the current review, new perspectives offered by the available literature concerning the potential benefits of grafting, in enhancing soilborne disease resistance through modulation of indigenous suppressive microbial communities are presented and discussed.
Stomata and Xylem Vessels Traits Improved by Melatonin Application Contribute to Enhancing Salt Tolerance and Fatty Acid Composition of Brassica napus L. Plants
Authors: Mohamed Ibrahim A. A. , Shalby Nesma , M. A. El-Badri Ali , Saleem Muhammad Hamzah , Khan Mohammad Nauman , A. Nawaz Muhammad , Qin Meng , Agami Ramadan A. , Kuai Jie , Wang Bo , Zhou Guangsheng
Published: August 2020

Salinity stress is a limiting factor for the growth and yield quality of rapeseed. The potentiality of melatonin (MT; 0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) application as a seed priming agent in mediating K+/Na+ homeostasis and preventing the salinity stress mediated oxidative damage and photosynthetic inhibition was studied in two rapeseed cultivars. We found that 50 µM MT treatment imparted a very prominent impact on growth, metabolism of antioxidants, photosynthesis, osmolytes, secondary metabolites, yield, and fatty acids composition. Days required for appearance of first flower and 50% flowering were decreased by MT application. Exogenous MT treatment effectively decreased the oxidative damage by significantly declining the generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide under saline and non-saline conditions, as reflected in lowered lipid peroxidation, heightened membrane stability, and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase). Furthermore, MT application enhanced the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, relative water content, K+/Na+ homeostasis, soluble sugars, and proline content. Moreover, MT application obviously improved the oil quality of rapeseed cultivars by reducing glucosinolates, saturated fatty acids (palmitic and arachidic acids), and enhancing unsaturated fatty acids (linolenic and oleic acids except erucic acid were reduced). Yield related-traits such as silique traits, seed yield per plant, 1000 seeds weight, seed oil content, and yield biomass traits were enhanced by MT application. The anatomical analysis of leaf and stem showed that stomatal and xylem vessels traits are associated with sodium chloride tolerance, yield, and seed fatty acid composition. These results suggest the supportive role of MT on the quality and quantity of rapeseed oil yield.
Gains in Genetic Enhancement of Early Maturing Maize Hybrids Developed during Three Breeding Periods under Striga-Infested and Striga-Free Environments
Authors: Badu-Apraku Baffour , Adu Gloria B. , Yacoubou Abdoul-Madjidou , Toyinbo Johnson , Adewale Samuel
Published: August 2020

Striga hermonthica is a major maize production constraint in West and Central Africa (WCA). Fifty-four early maturing maize hybrids of three breeding periods: 2008–2011, 2012–2013, 2014–2015, were evaluated under Striga-infested and non-infested environments in WCA. The study aimed at assessing genetic improvement in grain yield of the hybrids, identifying traits associated with yield gain during the breeding periods, and grain yield and stability of the hybrids in Striga infested and non-infested environments. Annual increase in grain yield of 101 kg ha−1 (4.82 %) and 61 kg ha−1 (1.24%) were recorded in Striga-infested and non-infested environments, respectively. The gains in grain yield from period 1 to period 3 under Striga-infested environments were associated with reduced anthesis-silking interval, reduced Striga damage, number of emerged Striga plants, improved ear aspect, and increased ears per plant. Ear aspect, ears per plant, and Striga damage at 8 and 10 weeks after planting (WAP) were significantly correlated with yield in Striga-infested environments, whereas ears per plant and plant and ear aspects had significant correlations with yield in non-infested environments. Hybrids TZdEI 352 × TZEI 355, TZdEI 378 × TZdEI 173, and TZdEI 173 × TZdEI 352 were outstanding in grain yield and stability in Striga-infested environments, whereas TZEI 326 × TZdEI 352, TZEI 495 × ENT 13, and TZdEI 268 × TZdEI 131 were superior in non-stress environments. These hybrids should be further tested extensively and commercialized. Significant genetic gains have been made in breeding for resistance to Striga hermonthica in early maturing maize hybrids.
Sustainable Food Production and Nutraceutical Applications from Qatar Desert Chlorella sp. (Chlorophyceae)
Authors: Rasheed Rihab , Saadaoui Imen , Bounnit Touria , Cherif Maroua , Al Ghazal Ghamza , Al Jabri Hareb
Published: August 2020

Microalgae isolated from the Qatari desert was identified as thermotolerant, with a rich metabolite profile that is appropriate for use as food and health supplements. In this research, a species of Chlorella, QUCCCM3, from the Qatar University Culture Collection of Cyanobacteria and Microalgae, was investigated for its growth characteristics and metabolite compositions for use as potential feedstock for food production. The strain was cultivated at 30, 35, and 40 °C, covering the annual average low and high temperatures in Qatar. The highest growth rates were recorded for cultures at 30 °C with 0.64 ± 0.04 day−1, followed by a growth rate of 0.54 ± 0.06 day−1 at 40 °C, indicating its thermotolerance ability. The biomass exhibited a high protein content (43 ± 2.3%), with existence of lysine (4.13%) as an essential amino acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid as important omega fatty acids present. On the other hand, Chlorella sp. QUCCCM3 also exhibited a high capacity for scavenging free radicals with an antiproliferative effect against chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cancer cells. The results indicate that Chlorella sp. QUCCCM3 is a promising candidate that can be produced year-round, in the Qatar environment, for commercial applications such as feed and nutraceutical supplements.
Implementation of the WHO Approved “Tailoring Antimicrobial Resistance Programs (TAP)” Reduces Patients’ Request for Antibiotics
Authors: Kaplan Nasser M. , Khader Yousef S. , Alfaqih Mahmoud A. , Saadeh Rami , Al Sawalha Lora
Published: August 2020

The misuse of antibiotics is a worldwide public health concern. Behavioral Intervention programs that aim to reduce patients’ own request for antibiotics during their visit to primary care clinics is an attractive strategy to combat this problem. We tested the effectiveness of a behavioral modification method known as the Tailoring Antimicrobial resistance Programs (TAP) in reducing the request for antibiotics by patients visiting primary care clinics for mild upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). A stratified cluster randomized design with two groups pre-post, comparing intervention with the control, was conducted in six health centers. TAP was implemented for eight weeks. Request for antibiotics was assessed before (period 1) and after introducing TAP (period 2). The percentage of patients or their escorts who requested antibiotics in period 1 was 59.7% in the control group and 60.2% in the intervention group. The percentage of patients who requested antibiotics did not significantly change between period 1 and 2 in the control group, who continued to receive the standard of care. The above percentage significantly decreased in the intervention group from 60.2% to 38.5% (p < 0.05). We conclude that behavioral change programs including TAP are a viable alternative strategy to address antibiotic misuse in Jordan.
A Quantitative Survey of Bacterial Persistence in the Presence of Antibiotics: Towards Antipersister Antimicrobial Discovery
Authors: Salcedo-Sora Jesus Enrique , Kell Douglas B.
Published: August 2020

Background: Bacterial persistence to antibiotics relates to the phenotypic ability to survive lethal concentrations of otherwise bactericidal antibiotics. The quantitative nature of the time–kill assay, which is the sector’s standard for the study of antibiotic bacterial persistence, is an invaluable asset for global, unbiased, and cross-species analyses. Methods: We compiled the results of antibiotic persistence from antibiotic-sensitive bacteria during planktonic growth. The data were extracted from a sample of 187 publications over the last 50 years. The antibiotics used in this compilation were also compared in terms of structural similarity to fluorescent molecules known to accumulate in Escherichia coli. Results: We reviewed in detail data from 54 antibiotics and 36 bacterial species. Persistence varies widely as a function of the type of antibiotic (membrane-active antibiotics admit the fewest), the nature of the growth phase and medium (persistence is less common in exponential phase and rich media), and the Gram staining of the target organism (persistence is more common in Gram positives). Some antibiotics bear strong structural similarity to fluorophores known to be taken up by E. coli, potentially allowing competitive assays. Some antibiotics also, paradoxically, seem to allow more persisters at higher antibiotic concentrations. Conclusions: We consolidated an actionable knowledge base to support a rational development of antipersister antimicrobials. Persistence is seen as a step on the pathway to antimicrobial resistance, and we found no organisms that failed to exhibit it. Novel antibiotics need to have antipersister activity. Discovery strategies should include persister-specific approaches that could find antibiotics that preferably target the membrane structure and permeability of slow-growing cells.
The Ascidian-Derived Metabolites with Antimicrobial Properties
Authors: Casertano Marcello , Menna Marialuisa , Imperatore Concetta
Published: August 2020

Among the sub-phylum of Tunicate, ascidians represent the most abundant class of marine invertebrates, with 3000 species by heterogeneous habitat, that is, from shallow water to deep sea, already reported. The chemistry of these sessile filter-feeding organisms is an attractive reservoir of varied and peculiar bioactive compounds. Most secondary metabolites isolated from ascidians stand out for their potential as putative therapeutic agents in the treatment of several illnesses like microbial infections. In this review, we present and discuss the antibacterial activity shown by the main groups of ascidian-derived products, such as sulfur-containing compounds, meroterpenes, alkaloids, peptides, furanones, and their derivatives. Moreover, the direct evidence of a symbiotic association between marine ascidians and microorganisms shed light on the real producers of many extremely potent marine natural compounds. Hence, we also report the antibacterial potential, joined to antifungal and antiviral activity, of metabolites isolated from ascidian-associate microorganisms by culture-dependent methods.