bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGESTIVE PROCESS IN THE BODY OF SHEEP WITH THE CULTURAL FLUID ASPERGILLUS OREZAE F-1553
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst, Devyatkin Vladimir A. , Kolodina Evgeniya N. ,   Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst
Published: October 2024

The fungus Aspergillus oryzae is known as a producer of a wide range of metabolites in the form of a particularly rich set of enzymes. The article discusses the possibility and effectiveness of using homogenate and culture fluid supernatant Aspergillus orezae F-1553 as a prebiotic supplement to the diet of sheep to optimize inter-daily processes in the pre-pancreas and to improve stomach microbiocenosis. Feeding of the culture fluid Aspergillus orezae F-1553 to Romanov breed with stomach fistulas stimulated their pre-pancreatic digestion by 3 hours after feeding in the form of an increase in the level of LVH by 26.1–35.1 %, ammonia concentration by 2.4–4.5 %, the amount of microbial mass by 8.1–11.2 %, a decrease in pH by 0.41–0.5 units, compared with the indicators of the control group of animals. It helped to increase the digestibility of: dry matter by 11.9–16.3 % (p < 0.01), crude protein by 1.1–6.9 %, crude fat by 2.0–8.5 %, fiber by 17.9–30.7 %, BEV by 9.9–9.5 %, organic matter by 9.6–12.9 %, respectively.
EFFECT OF VARYING LIGHT INTENSITY ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF BLOOD COMPOSITION IN DAIRY CATTLE
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Dovlatov Igor M. , Blagov Dmitry A. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Mironova Irina V. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Komkov Ilya V. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses the effect of the indoor light intensity on the biochemical parameters of blood in cattle. The research was carried out on a farm of the Grigorievskoye Federal State Unitary Enterprise of Yaroslavl region for 90 days. Five experimental groups of ten heads each were formed according to the principle of analogous pairs. The animals were kept in tie stalls. Biochemical parameters of blood were examined using iMagik-V7 enzyme immunoassay (in the laboratory of Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM). The data analysis showed that the light intensity of 150 lux slightly improved metabolic processes in the animals. The biochemical parameters remained within the physiological range for cattle. The total protein in the blood serum was 69.74 g/l at 150 lux. The value was 2.72 % higher than in the control, 1.90 % higher than in the group with 50 lux light intensity, 0.49 % higher than in the group with 100 lux light intensity and 0.69 % higher than in the group with 200 lux light intensity. The authors concluded that the light intensity of 150 lux had a stimulating effect on the metabolism of protein, carbohydrates, minerals, and enzymes within the physiological range
THE EFFECT OF THE HEIFER GENOTYPE ON THE QUALITY OF MEAT CARCASS
Authors:   Orenburg State Agrarian University, Kosilov Vladimir I. , Gubaydullin Nail M. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Gazeev Igor R. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Mironova Irina V. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Galieva Zulfiya A. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Rakhimjanova Ilmira A. ,   Orenburg State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of assessing the quality of meat carcasses of purebred and crossbred sheep. The object of the study was the carcasses of purebred sheep of the Romanov breed (group I), its crossbreeds of the first generation with the Edilbay (½ Edilbay × ½ Romanov II group) and the second generation (¾ Edilbay × ¼ Romanov – III group). The advantage of crossbred young animals of groups II and III over purebred peers of group I in terms of absolute and relative most valuable in food in relation to the posterior third of the trunk was established. This superiority in the value of the first indicator was 2.00 kg (34.30 %, P < 0.01) and 2.67 kg (45.80 %, P < 0.001), respectively, the second – 0.52 % and 0.78 %. The leading position in terms of the analyzed indicator was occupied by crossbreeds of the second generation of group III. When analyzing the indicators of varietal carcass cutting according to the trade classification, it was found that crossbred youngsters of groups II and III, due to the manifestation of the crossing effect, surpassed purebred peers of group I in absolute weight of meat of grade I by 5.58 kg (34.36 %, P < 0.01) and 7.25 kg (44.64 %, P < 0.001), relative – by 1.30 % and 1.49 %. At the same time, the crossbreeds of the second generation of group III outperformed the crossbreeds of the first generation of group II in terms of the analyzed indicators by 1.67 kg (7.65 %, P < 0.05) and 0.19 %, respectively. As for the meat of the second grade, in terms of its absolute mass, the advantage was on the side of the mixed young animals of groups II and III, and the relative – the leading position was occupied by purebred sheep of group I.
ETHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE COWS WHEN USING A FEED ADDITIVE BASED ON HUMATES
Authors:   Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin, Tretyakov Evgeny A. , Burgomistrova Olga N. ,   Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin, Kulakova Tatiana S. ,   Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin, Maslova Tatiana F. ,   Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N.V. Vereshchagin
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of scientific and industrial experience in studying the behavioral reactions of highly productive black-and-white cows when using the Reasil Humic Health feed additive based on humates in feeding. Two groups of animals were formed by the method of analogous groups 15 goals in each taking into account age, live weight, milk productivity according to the last lactation and the date of the last calving,. The content of experimental animals in the stall period was tethered. The feed additive was fed to animals of the experimental group in the amount of 4 g per 1 kg of dry matter of the diet. Cows receiving the supplement spent 1.2 % more time on the process of lying down compared to the control, 52.5 % less time moving, 5.2 % more time consuming feed, 15.8 % more time spent on the process of chewing, including in the prone position. The multiplicity of stool and urinary excretions in animals of both groups was almost the same and amounted to 7.4–7.6 and 4.8–5.0 times, respectively. The addition of Reasil Humic Health feed additive to the diet of milk cows makes it possible to increase the time spent by animals in the prone position, increase the level of feed consumption, the multiplicity and duration of the chewing process, which will undoubtedly stimulate the process of milk formation and increase the level of milk productivity.
THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC DRUGS ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE BLOOD OF NEWBORN CALVES
Authors:   Ural State Agrarian University, Khayrova Inna M. , Shcherbakov Pavel N. ,   South Ural State Agrarian University, Shnyakina Tatjana N. ,   South Ural State Agrarian University, Stepanova Ksenia V. ,   South Ural State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of probiotics "Vetom 1.1" and Escherichia coli strain K-19 on the body of calves of different breeds. Calves of Simmental and Holstein-Frisian breeds aged 2–5 days to 60 days in Kostanay region LLP were examined. The general background of the average hematological parameters of the blood of calves of the Simmental breed is represented by anemia and eosinophilia. In calves of the Holstein-Frisian breed, the general background of average blood counts indicates anemia, thrombocytopenia, monocytosis. With the end of the use of probiotics, after 60 days, an increase in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin is observed in the experimental groups compared to the control groups. There was a decrease in the number of leukocytes and ESR. The analysis of the study showed that the calves of the Simmental breed in comparison with the calves of the Holstein-Frisian breed have a slight difference in hematological parameters when using the probiotic drug "Vetom 1.1". The difference is observed in an increase in hemoglobin by 5 g/l, erythrocytes by 0.32 × 1012/l. Along with this, there is a decrease in leukocytes in the group of calves of the Simmental breed by 0.36 × 109 /l compared with calves of the HolsteinFrisian breed. With the probiotic E. coli strain K-19, there are no differences in hematological parameters in calves of the Simmental and Holstein-Frisian breeds. Also, regardless of breed differences and different feeding diets, the probiotic drug "Vetom 1.1" has the greatest positive activity on the dynamics of the blood of calves from 2–5 days of age to 60 days.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DISCHARGE PROCESS OF THE PHASE CHANGE THERMAL BATTERY IN A TRACTOR DIESEL ENGINE PRE-START HEATER
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Gabdrafikov Fanil Z. , Islamgulov Radmir D. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

The article presents a mathematical model of a phase change thermal battery of a diesel engine preheater during its discharge. The conceptual and technological models of the pre-start thermal preparation of a tractor diesel engine are described. The results of experimental tests of the diesel pre-start preparation system are discussed. The study has established that engine preheating lowers fuel consumption and reduces the time of the process
METHODS OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS DESIGNING
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Mudarisov Salavat G. , Sharafutdinov Azat V. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Farkhutdinov Ildar M. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the parameters of a two-phase heterogeneous gas-particle flow (for example, “airseed”) are shown using the example of mathematical modeling of technological processes of a pneumatic system of a grain seeder. It is proposed to apply the mechanics of two-phase gas-particle flow to the theoretical description of the processes of motion and distribution of solid particles in pneumatic systems. The results of the study establish the possibility of using these methods to analyze and optimize the pneumatic system of grain seeders. Practical and theoretical methods were used to determine the air flow and speed of movement of seeds of various crops in pneumatic systems of grain drills. The values of the seed resistance coefficients necessary for mathematical modeling of the technical processes of the pneumatic system are also presented. The research will make it possible to effectively simulate the operation of the pneumatic system of the sowing complex using the mechanics of two-phase flows and computational fluid dynamics methods.
INTUSSUSCEPTION IN A CAT: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Gimranov Valiyan V. , Tatarnikova Natalia A. ,   Perm State Agrarian and Technological University named after D.N. Pryanishnikov, Sidorova Clavdia A. ,   State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Novikova Oksana V. ,   Perm Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Buchelnikova Olga A. ,   State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals
Published: October 2024

Intussusceptions are most often found in the small bowel. The condition is caused by tumors, edema, spasmodic contractions of the bowel, etc. Intussusception is challenging to identify as its symptoms overlap with the symptoms of acute gastritis, gastroenteritis, inflammation of the gallbladder, etc. The diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical studies and radiography. The results of radiography with a contrast agent revealed intestinal intussusception with complete obstruction. The condition required enterotomy. After removing the affected area of the bowel, post-surgery rehabilitation was established; antibiotics, drip infusions to relieve dehydration, vitamins to increase resistance, and a diet to regulate the gastrointestinal tract were prescribed for enteral infection. Periodic preventive examinations of pets by veterinary specialists in specialised clinics are suggested to prevent intussusception.
Hounsfield units and vertebral bone quality score for predicting mechanical complications after adult spinal deformity surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nakarai Hiroyuki , Kazarian Gregory S. , Lovecchio Francis C. , Kim Han Jo
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess existing literature and determine the association between the Hounsfield unit (HU) value and the vertebral body quality (VBQ) score with mechanical complications (MCs) after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. Although bone quality is considered an increasingly important factor for MCs after ASD surgery, the utility of the HU value assessed by computed tomography and the VBQ score assessed by magnetic resonance imaging remains unknown. A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed to find studies evaluating the association between the HU value and the VBQ score with MCs after ASD surgery. In the subsequent meta-analysis, MC outcomes were combined using a random-effects model, and the standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval were calculated. The final analysis included a total of 20 studies. Nineteen studies reported HU values, and two studies reported VBQ scores. Proximal junctional kyphosis/failure (PJK/PJF) was reported as the MC in 16 studies, whereas other MCs were included in 6 studies. Six studies with a pool of 506 patients with ASD revealed that preoperative HU values at the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and UIV+1 were significantly lower in patients with PJK/PJF (standardized mean difference, −0.74; 95% confidence interval, −1.09 to −0.40). Three studies suggested an cutoff HU value of approximately ≤120, yielding a pooled sensitivity of 0.77, specificity of 0.67, and diagnostic odds ratio of 7.01. However, two studies reported conflicting results on the relationship between the VBQ score and PJK/PJF. Low HU values predicted the risk of certain MCs, particularly PJK/PJF, after ASD surgery. An HU value of <120 should alert surgeons to be cautious about the postoperative occurrence of PJK/PJF. Future studies are needed to validate the cutoff HU value and evaluate the utility of the VBQ score.
Utility of cervical dynamic magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating patients with cervical myelopathy: a retrospective study
Authors: Narvekar Mrugank , Dave Bharatkumar Rajendraprasad , Krishnan Ajay , Degulmadi Devanand , Mayi Shivanand , Rai Ravi Ranjan , Dave Mirant , Pranav Charde , Anil Abhijith , Killekar Rohan , Mikeson Panthackel , Murkute Kishor
Published: October 2024

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of cervical dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) in the assessment of cervical canal stenosis.Overview of Literature: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy has been intricately linked to both static and dynamic narrowing of the cervical spinal canal. Traditional MRI with the neck in a neutral position fails to identify the dynamic changes and may lead to misdiagnosis. Cervical dMRI is a promising tool for evaluating cervical myelopathy, enabling clinicians to assess spinal cord compression, segmental instability, and alterations in range of motion, often missed on conventional imaging.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 369 patients with symptoms of cervical myelopathy assessed using cervical dMRI. After assessing the subaxial cervical spine at each disc level (C3–T1), significant changes in the degree of central canal stenosis were determined. The appearance and extent of hyperintense lesions on T2-weighted sequences were also noted.Results: Overall, 653/1,845 (35.39%) disc levels showed an increase in stenosis grade on extension MRI, with 168/653 (25.72%) and 180/653 (27.56%) disc levels changing from grades 0/1 to grades 2 and 3, respectively. Moreover, 120/369 (32.52%) patients showed a mean increase of 1.55±0.75 levels of compression on extension MRI when compared to neutral MRI. A fresh-appearing hyperintense lesion was observed in 79 (4.28%) disc levels on flexion MRI, which was not visualized on neutral MRI.Conclusions: Cervical dMRI may help surgeons plan for surgery, discuss the prognosis with the patient, and safeguard themselves from medico-legal issues arising from improper or missed diagnosis and treatment.
A magnetic resonance imaging-based morphometric analysis of bilateral L1–L5 oblique lumbar interbody fusion corridor: feasibility of safe surgical approach and influencing factors
Authors: Goyal Archit , Guha Mayukh , Mahajan Rajat
Published: October 2024

Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.Purpose: To investigate the size and local anatomy of the right and the left-sided oblique corridors between L1–L5 levels and identify the potential impact of increasing age and sex on corridor size.Overview of Literature: The oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) was introduced by Silvestre and his colleagues as a solution to the approach-related complications associated with anterior lumbar interbody fusion and lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Limited data were available describing the local anatomy and morphology of this approach.Methods: Imaging data of 300 patients (150 males and 150 females) who underwent 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the lumbar spine at Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, New Delhi, India between January 2023 and January 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. The cohort was stratified into six age groups (21–30, 31–40, 41–50, 51–60, 61–70, and >70 years) with 25 patients in each age group for both sexes. T2 weighted axial MRI images were analyzed from the L1–L5 level at the mid-disc level to calculate the corridor size. The local anatomical differences were recorded.Results: At L1–L2, L2–L3, L3–L4, and L4–L5 levels, the mean corridor sizes in males were 17.48, 15.50, 13.41, and 9.32 mm on the left side, and 11.48, 7.12, 4.34, and 1.64 mm on the right side, respectively. The corresponding mean corridor sizes in females were 10.34, 12.94, 12.64, and 7.22 mm on the left side and 2.66, 3.52, 3.69, and 1.64 mm on the right side, respectively. For both sides, the corridor size was significantly affected by sex, increased with age, and decreased at the lower lumbar disc levels.Conclusions: A left-sided OLIF approach is more feasible for both sexes. The right-sided approach is less likely to be performed effectively.
Budgeting under martial law
Authors: CHUGUNOV Igor , LIUBCHAK Iryna
Published: October 2024

In the conditions of martial law, the issues of ensuring the preservation of the national economy and further economic development are becoming relevant. An important condition for this is an efficient mechanism for the formation and implementation of the state budget. The budget formation mechanism is an important tool for ensuring sustainable economic develop­ment of the country while maintaining the stability of the budget system. The aim of the article is to determine the peculiarities of budgeting in the conditions of martial law. The research presented in the article is based on the hypothesis of the need to strengthen the financial potential of budgets of all levels at the expense of their revenues. Strengthening the income part will contribute to achieving economic stability and balance and determine the pace of social and economic development. The research methodology is based on general scientific and special methods. The main research methods are dialectical and institutional. Structural, compa­rative, method of scientific abstraction, analysis and expert evaluations were also used. Adap­tation of the budget formation system to social and economic changes and determination of priority directions for the further development of financial and budgetary relations require attention.
For the thoroughness of the study, the structure of the revenue part of the state budget was analyzed during 2019–2023. The dynamics of attracting international financial aid and its share in the state budget were evaluated. In the course of the research, modern adaptation and transformation mechanisms implemented in budget policy under martial law conditions were determined. New approaches to the formation of the revenue part of the budget have been studied. On the basis of the conducted research, promising directions for improving the forma­tion of state budget revenues have been deter­mined, which will allow the budget system to function more effectively and efficiently. It is expedient to further improve the system of bud­get formation in terms of creating and imple­menting effective financial mechanisms of bud­get policy, with the aim of further social and eco­nomic development of the country.
To increase the effectiveness of budget poli­cy in the conditions of martial law, it is necessary to strengthen the use of the principles of stability, financial and economic soundness, social jus­tice, and budget balance in the budget process
Application of the Public-Private Partnership Concept in Airport Development in Bintan Regency to Enhance the Coastal Economy
Authors: Gunawan Rizky , Samin Rumzi
Published: October 2024

The efforts of various regions to introduce the identity and beauty of their areas are often hindered by inadequate infrastructure and poor management by local governments. Additionally, funding, which is critical for development, poses a significant challenge. As a solution, Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) offer an alternative approach to budgeting and financing that extends beyond the use of regional (APBD) and national (APBN) budgets. In Bintan Regency, various infrastructure developments aimed at supporting the tourism sector have been undertaken. Notably, PT. Angkasa Pura II, in collaboration with PT. Bintan Aviation Investments, is committed to constructing an international airport designed with Airport Resort Facilities, named Bintan New Airport or Busung Airport, to bolster the economy of Bintan Regency. However, the study reveals that the development, which is anticipated to become a cornerstone of economic strength in Bintan Regency, faces significant challenges from the Airport Business Entity (BUBU). This has resulted in delays and complications in the continuation of the airport construction project between PT. Angkasa Pura II and PT. Bintan Aviation Investments. Despite these obstacles, the partnership remains focused on achieving its goal of enhancing the regional economy through improved infrastructure and tourism facilities. he collaboration between PT. Angkasa Pura II and PT. Bintan Aviation Investments represents a strategic move to leverage private sector efficiency and innovation in public infrastructure projects. Nonetheless, the ongoing challenges with the Airport Business Entity highlight the complexities involved in such partnerships, necessitating careful management and oversight to ensure project continuity and success.
Digital Transformation in the Maritime Industry; Opportunities and Challenges for Indonesia
Authors: Margaretha Rita , Syuzairi Mohammad , Mahadiansar Mahadiansar
Published: October 2024

Digital transformation is reshaping industries worldwide, including the maritime sector, by integrating advanced technologies to improve efficiency, safety, and sustainability. In the context of Indonesia, a country with a vast archipelago and significant maritime activities, digital transformation offers substantial opportunities but also presents distinct challenges. This paper explores the multifaceted impacts of digital transformation on Indonesia's maritime industry, examining both the opportunities and challenges that arise from this technological shift. Opportunities in the maritime sector include enhanced operational efficiency, improved safety, and better environmental management. Technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain are pivotal in optimizing logistics, predictive maintenance, and real-time monitoring of vessels and cargo. These advancements can lead to reduced operational costs, minimized human errors, and lower environmental footprints. For Indonesia, leveraging these technologies could significantly boost its competitiveness in global shipping, enhance port operations, and support the sustainable management of its extensive marine resources. However, the journey towards digital transformation in Indonesia’s maritime industry is fraught with challenges. Key issues include inadequate digital infrastructure, limited technological expertise, and regulatory hurdles. The uneven distribution of digital infrastructure across Indonesia's archipelago hampers the consistent application of advanced technologies. Additionally, the maritime workforce requires upskilling to handle new digital tools effectively, necessitating substantial investment in education and training. Regulatory frameworks also need to evolve to address data security, privacy concerns, and the integration of international standards, ensuring a seamless transition to digital operations.
Sosialisasi Persiapan Akreditasi Di PKBM Generus Nusantara Dalam Menentukan Kelayakan
Authors: Rosmilawati Ila , Farhan Muhamad , Larasati Larasati , Sachlan Muhammad Gizwa Afdhallah , Yunika Fisi Dwi
Published: October 2024

Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan PKBM, merupakan satuan pendidikan nonformal yang termasuk dalam Undang-Undang SISDIKNAS Nomor 20 Tahun. Paket A, Paket B, dan Paket C adalah beberapa program kesetaraan yang ditawarkan. Sesuai dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2005, PKBM harus lulus penilaian dari BAN PAUD dan PNF dengan menggunakan instrumen akreditasi yang mengacu pada Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP). Ini mencakup delapan standar: 1. Standar Kompetensi Lulusan; 2. Standar Isi; 3. Standar Proses; 4. Standar Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan; 5. Standar Sarana dan Prasarana; 6. Standar Pengelolaan; dan 7. Standar Penilaian. Standar Pembiayaan. Jika PKBM telah memiliki akreditasi, maka PKBM tersebut akan diberikan izin untuk menyelenggarakan ujian program pendidikan kesetaraan. Sebagai salah satu lembaga pendidikan non formal, PKBM Generus Nusantara bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanannya dengan menjadi terakreditasi, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan proses sosialisasi persiapan akreditasi di PKBM Generus Nusantara. Dalam mempersiapkan akreditas peneliti tertarik untuk mendampingi PKBM Generus Nusantara Kota Serang dengan menggunakan metode penelitian pendekatan kuantitatif, teknik pengelolaan data menerapkan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, hasil penelitian membuktikan pada persiapan akreditasi melibatkan semua unsur yang terlibat dalam suatu lembaga, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana, kualitas tenaga pengajar, kesesuaian kurikulum, dan dukungan masyarakat setempat merupakan beberapa faktor yang menentukan kelayakan. Proses persiapan akreditasi di PKBM Generus Nusantara berhasil disosialisasikan dengan baik, sehingga meningkatkan kesadaran semua pihak yang terlibat dan mendorong partisipasi mereka untuk memenuhi persyaratan akreditasi. Pengaruh akreditasi memotivasi PKBM untuk meningkatkan kualitas yang dimiliki dalam satuan PKBM
Meningkatkan Sosio-emosional Calon Konselor Sebaya Melalui Clay Therapy
Authors: Setiawan Antonius Ian Bayu
Published: October 2024

Remaja adalah periode transisi dari masa kanak-kanak menuju dewasa dengan berbagai perubahan fisik, emosional, dan sosial. Masalah seperti perilaku kekerasan dan bullying sering muncul karena ketegangan yang dialami remaja. Salah satu solusi adalah melalui peer counselor yang dapat membantu remaja mengelola diri dan emosi dengan baik. Clay therapy adalah salah satu intervensi yang efektif untuk pengelolaan sosio-emosional. Terapi ini membantu remaja mengekspresikan emosi mereka, memperbaiki hubungan interpersonal, dan mengurangi ketegangan. Penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan model Participatory Action Research (PAR) menunjukkan bahwa 73.3% remaja sangat puas dengan kegiatan ini karena mereka dapat mengekspresikan emosi yang dipendam. Clay therapy membantu calon peer counselor untuk mengekspresikan diri secara positif, mengurangi emosi negatif, dan meningkatkan kepercayaan diri. Tanah liat memungkinkan remaja untuk memvisualisasikan pengalaman dan emosi secara simbolis, mengembangkan kesabaran, fokus, dan keterampilan sosio-emosional seperti kesadaran diri, manajemen diri, kesadaran sosial, keterampilan relasi, dan pengambilan keputusan yang bertanggung jawab. Pelatihan ini tidak hanya mendukung perkembangan pribadi remaja tetapi juga meningkatkan kualitas dukungan yang dapat mereka berikan sebagai peer counselor. Setelah pelatihan, remaja merasa lega karena mereka bisa membagikan emosi yang selama ini dipendam, sehingga dapat berdamai dengan diri sendiri dan menjalin hubungan yang lebih sehat.
Sosialisasi Pemahaman Kepada Masyarakat Tentang Bahaya Pinjaman Online Ilegal
Authors: Assegaf Nurhayati Ali , Ruliansyah Iqbal
Published: October 2024

Pinjaman online ilegal kerap dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan yang bersifat konsumtif, seperti membeli tiket konser, gadget, atau kegiatan rekreasi seperti staycation, tanpa memperhitungkan kemampuan membayar kembali. Di samping itu, kondisi perekonomian yang belum sepenuhnya pulih pasca pandemi turut mendorong masyarakat untuk mencari alternatif pembiayaan yang cepat dan mudah, di luar lembaga keuangan resmi. Meskipun pinjaman online ilegal menawarkan kemudahan dalam hal administrasi, terdapat banyak risiko yang dapat merugikan konsumen. Salah satunya adalah pihak penyedia pinjaman yang memiliki akses ke seluruh data pribadi di ponsel pengguna. Selain itu, suku bunga dan biaya yang dikenakan sangat tinggi, yang seringkali tidak sebanding dengan kemampuan finansial masyarakat. Di Kota Malang, dampak negatif dari maraknya pinjaman online ilegal ini bahkan menyebabkan kasus bunuh diri di kalangan masyarakat yang tidak mampu melunasi utang mereka. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan upaya yang lebih serius dalam meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai bahaya pinjaman online ilegal. Sosialisasi yang masif dan berkesinambungan harus dilakukan guna memberikan edukasi tentang risiko yang ditimbulkan oleh pinjaman ilegal serta mendorong masyarakat untuk beralih kepada lembaga keuangan resmi yang lebih aman dan terpercaya. Edukasi ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi ketergantungan masyarakat pada pinjaman ilegal yang berbahaya dan membantu mencegah dampak sosial yang lebih buruk.
Redefiniendo las competencias pedagógicas en la Educación Superior: Un enfoque chileno en la complejidad de un mundo interconectado
Authors: Catalán Juan Pablo , Pérez Carvajal Alejandro , Roy Sadradín Damarys , Chacana Yordá Carolina
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Este estudio analiza las competencias pedagógicas desarrolladas por los profesores de educación superior en Chile, con el objetivo de proponer habilidades específicas adaptadas a universidades, institutos profesionales y centros de formación técnica. Metodología: Utilizando un enfoque mixto secuencial, la investigación combina análisis documental y encuestas (fase cuantitativa) con grupos focales (fase cualitativa), culminando en un análisis integrador mediante triangulación. Resultados: La globalización y los avances tecnológicos han aumentado la complejidad en la gobernanza educativa, requiriendo un nuevo marco teórico, como el de la agenda Educación 2030, para establecer prioridades normativas y compromisos educativos. Discusión: El estudio busca desarrollar un marco de cualificaciones para credenciales docentes en la educación superior en Chile, identificando competencias necesarias y proponiendo estrategias para su implementación y desarrollo. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos buscan contribuir al mejoramiento de la formación y desempeño docente en un entorno globalizado, ayudando a configurar políticas educativas más efectivas y pertinentes para los desafíos actuales.
Un estudio de la sostenibilidad en las empresas de moda españolas a través de los estándares GRI
Authors: Cristófol-Rodríguez Carmen , Villena-Alarcón Eduardo , Cerdá-Suárez Luis Manuel
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La preocupación por la sostenibilidad afecta directamente al sector textil, uno de los más contaminantes a nivel mundial. Este sector debe transformarse sin comprometer su rentabilidad, integrando la sostenibilidad en términos ambientales, sociales y de bienestar corporativo. Metodología: El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el compromiso institucional de las empresas de moda española con la sostenibilidad. Se lleva a cabo un análisis de contenido de las memorias de sostenibilidad de 2022 de las 10 empresas españolas del sector textil que más han facturado, según Forbes. Dicho análisis identifica la inclusión en las memorias de los estándares GRI más relevantes para el sector. Resultados: Solo Mango e Inditex cumplen con estos estándares, mientras que Mayoral es la que menos lo hace. Discusión y conclusiones: Las empresas más grandes y con mayores recursos tienden a cumplir mejor con estos estándares, debido a la ayuda de consultoras especializadas. Las memorias de sostenibilidad se muestran como compromisos sólidos con los stakeholders, esenciales para alcanzar los ODS. Se destaca la necesidad de mejorar la transparencia y la adopción de prácticas sostenibles, subrayando la importancia de la sostenibilidad corporativa y su impacto en la gestión empresarial y en la percepción de los stakeholders.
Cuando la educación no llega. Brecha analógica y digital en personas en situación de sinhogarismo
Authors: Solaz Paula , Botija Yagüe Mercedes
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La educación se postula como uno de los factores más influyentes en la construcción de las trayectorias vitales de los individuos. En este sentido, la brecha digital hace referencia a la ausencia de medios para acceder a la tecnología y a la falta de competencias tecnológicas. En esta investigación se analiza el nivel de estudios, la alfabetización analógica y digital de las personas en situación de sinhogarismo. Metodología: La metodología empleada responde a un recuento nocturno realizado en la ciudad de Valencia, usando fichas de observación y cuestionarios. Resultados: De las 754 personas contabilizadas, se reclutó una muestra de 291 participantes. Los principales hallazgos sitúan en desventaja a las personas sin hogar respecto a la población general. Discusión: Mejorar los niveles educativos siempre conducirá a un mayor potencial de integración social. Las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han generado expectativas de mejora e inclusión social, pero también pueden agrandar las diferencias entre grupos sociales. Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación evidencian una significativa brecha digital y social. Las políticas públicas deben centrarse en promover la equidad.
Assessment of Income Differentiation of Different-Sized Households in Poland
Authors: Laska Karolina
Published: October 2024

The household is the basic economic unit that participates in both economic and social life. It must generate income, the level of which may change over time and vary depending on the size of the household. The aim of the research was to assess the scale of differentiation of household income in Poland in the years 2014-2021 due to their size. The study used the comparative analysis method. Secondary data on disposable income per person in the household was compared. The variation in income in particular years was examined using the classic coefficient of variation. In the years under study, in each type of household (taking into account its size), disposable income increased, with a higher growth rate recorded by larger households. In all years, the size of the farm significantly differentiated the level of disposable income of households, and this differentiation showed a decreasing trend.
Unemployment in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Wielkopolskie Voivodeships – a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Koziej Julia , Kutryb Kinga
Published: October 2024

Unemployment is a phenomenon that has significant consequences for society as well as for the economic development of a country, as it is a problem that manifests in both economic and social dimensions. Notably, there are significant differences in the extent of this phenomenon based on age, gender, place of residence, education, and spatial distribution. The lowest unemployment rate in Poland is observed in the Wielkopolskie voivodeship, while one of the highest is found in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeship. These differences arise from the distinct demographic, production, and infrastructural structures of these regions. However, the scale of these differences changes over time and may vary across different age groups or gender divisions. In light of the above, the aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the total unemployment and unemployment by age and gender in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Wielkopolskie voivodeships. The analysis covers the period from 2012 to 2022, based on data from the Central Statistical Office.
The conducted research shows that the unemployment rate in the years 2012-2022 (except for 2020) decreased in both voivodeships. In 2022, the unemployment rate in the Wielkopolskie voivodeship was the lowest in the country, while the Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeship was in the penultimate position in this respect, right after the Podkarpackie voivodeship. In all the years analyzed, in both regions, a higher share of unemployed people in the number of working-age population was recorded in the case of women, although a downward trend was also noted in this respect. The conducted analyses also showed that throughout the entire period under review, the lowest unemployment in both analyzed voivodeships occurred among the age group of 35-44 years. Interestingly, in 2022, in the Wielkopolskie voivodeship, the highest unemployment occurred among people aged 18-24, while in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeship in the age group of 25-34 years.
Unusual mineralization in basaltic andesite of submarine volcano Esmeralda (Mariana Island Arc)
Authors: Rashidov V. A. , Petrova V. V. , Ananyev V. V. , Gorkova N. V.
Published: October 2024

The results of studies of a basaltic andesite sample complicated by a mineralized crack and voids, with a crack and gas voids filled with secondary mineralization dredged on the Esmeralda underwater volcano, are presented. A detailed comparative study of the mineral composition of the substance lining the crack, the space around the crack, and the part of basaltic andesite unaffected by secondary changes made it possible for the first time for the underwater Esmeralda volcano to establish the presence of an association of minerals that is not characteristic of unaltered volcanic rocks. In the intracrack space and adjacent zones of basaltic andesite, wide ranges of plagioclase composition were determined, isomorphism in the Fe-Ca-pyroxene series was studied, REE oxides, hydroxides and fluorohydroxides were studied, and variability in the composition of minerals in the magnetite-hematite series was shown. It is assumed that tectonic movements led to the emergence of permeable zones in the previously formed basaltic andesites through which new portions of the melt leaked. In a limited space, high fluid gas saturation, temperature and pressure made it possible to extract metal compounds from the melt and host rocks.
Lithology and sedimentation conditions of the latest Cretaceous of the Klementyeva Mountain section (Eastern Crimea)
Authors: Korshunov D. M. , Proshina P. A. , Ryabov I. P. , Pokrovsky B. G. , Musatov V. A.
Published: October 2024

Overall study of the boundary Maastrichtian–Danian deposits of Klementyeva Mountain section (Eastern Crimea) was carried out. The lithological characteristics of carbonate, carbonate-argillaceous and clastic rocks were described in detail, the dynamic of changes in foraminifera assemblages was analyzed. For the first time, geochemical and isotopic data were obtained for this section. The stratigraphic complement of the Upper Maastrichtian and Lower Danian has been specified. Late Campanian – Early Maastrichtian age of the underlying deposits was established, for the first time. The Klementyevskaya Formation was formed in deep-sea pelagic paleoenvironments on the submerged part of the outer shelf, and the overlying Lower Danian sediments were formed in shallow waters of the inner shelf with terrigenous sedimentation and high hydrodynamic activity.
Investigating electromagnetic acoustic emission signals denoising for alloy materials non-destructive detecting: a CRQA method
Authors: Li Qiuyue , Lai Yushu , Cao Difei
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the problem that signals collected from local electromagnetic loading operations are usually mixed with background noises (especially white noise), this paper proposed an electromagnetic acoustic emission signal denoising technology based on cross recurrence quantification analysis (CRQA). Firstly, the decomposition layer and penalty factor of variational mode decomposition (VMD) are set by experience or optimization algorithm, and then the original signal is decomposed. Secondly, the main components are selected by the CRQA algorithm, and the electromagnetic acoustic emission signal after denoising is obtained by superposition reconstruction. The simulation and experimental results show that when 5dB noise is added, CRQA can effectively remove the background noises in electromagnetic acoustic emission signals compared to the correlation coefficient algorithm, and it can assist in realizing the high-precision non-destructive testing of alloy materials.
Desafíos de la sostenibilidad en el desarrollo: un enfoque desde las ciencias ambientales
Authors: Huertas Delgado Jenny Lucia , Madroñero Palacios Sandra Milena
Published: October 2024

En el contexto actual, la crisis ambiental se ha convertido en un tema de discusión que permea tanto el ámbito político como el económico. La implementación de nuevas políticas públicas destinadas a mitigar los impactos negativos en el medio ambiente se ha vuelto cada vez más común; en paralelo, la academia ha asumido el papel fundamental de generar y difundir conocimiento mediante la investigación, identificando constantemente nuevos problemas ambientales y proponiendo soluciones innovadoras. Simultáneamente, las actividades comerciales se han visto afectadas por esta dinámica ambiental, impulsándolas a buscar soluciones que minimicen su impacto. Así, se hace necesario el trabajo colaborativo entre la academia, la investigación y el sector externo a las instituciones académicas para catalizar el desarrollo de soluciones desde una perspectiva de investigación, desarrollo e innovación (I+D+I), contribuyendo a mejorar las condiciones ambientales actuales. Esta crisis ambiental no conoce fronteras ni distinciones, permea el ámbito político, económico y social, obligando a todos los sectores de la sociedad a reevaluar sus prácticas y políticas. Desde las aulas universitarias hasta las salas de conferencias internacionales, las ciencias ambientales ofrecen soluciones innovadoras y estrategias de gestión que podrían mitigar los impactos negativos sobre los componentes ambientales. El 3er Congreso Internacional de Ciencias Ambientales, organizado por la Universidad Mariana y su programa de Ingeniería Ambiental, es un claro ejemplo de esta sinergia necesaria entre academia, sector público y privado. Durante dos días en noviembre de 2023, expertos de Argentina, México, Ecuador y Colombia compartieron sus avances y visiones en áreas críticas como diagnóstico y remediación ambiental, gestión de recursos y energías renovables. Este libro compila las contribuciones más destacadas de ese evento, ofreciendo una visión de los avances científicos y tecnológicos en la búsqueda de la sostenibilidad ambiental. Desde el análisis de la degradación de recursos naturales hasta la presentación de soluciones prácticas implementadas en diferentes países de la región. Para finalizar, se espera que este libro motive a académicos, profesionales y ciudadanos comprometidos a abordar con rigor científico y creatividad los desafíos ambientales contemporáneos. Constituye tanto un llamado a la acción informada como un reconocimiento del potencial científico para desarrollar soluciones sostenibles que beneficien a las generaciones futuras.
Diseño de una caja de emisividad portátil
Authors: Aguilar Jimmy , Valdés Jairo , Hernández Francisco
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer el diseño de la arquitectura electrónica y mecánica de una caja de emisividad portátil para la caracterización de la emisividad de superficies vegetales. La metodología combina los atributos de la caja Buettner-Kern (1965), conocida por su simplicidad y portabilidad, con el protocolo de mediciones descrito por Sobrino y Caselles (1993). La combinación de estas metodologías permite el uso de termómetros digitales más comunes y baratos, en comparación con los sensores de potencia radiante utilizados en el método Buettner-Kern. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de este proyecto constituyen el insumo para la manufactura de un dispositivo económico, portable y de fácil construcción, que permitirá alimentar un banco de información con las propiedades de emisividad de las especies vegetales que se encuentra en el país.
Desafíos y perspectivas de la acuicultura de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) desde un enfoque hidrosocial
Authors: Tulcán Eraso María Fernanda , Moncaleano Niño Ángela Margarita , Hernández Gómez Rosa Catalina , Ressyé Simões Nadson
Published: October 2024

Abordar los problemas ambientales relacionados con el recurso hídrico desde un enfoque hidrosocial permite analizar de una manera holística las interrelaciones entre el ser humano y la naturaleza. En este sentido, uno de los problemas socioambientales existentes en la Laguna de La Cocha, es el asociado al componente hídrico, generado por los proyectos truchícolas en jaulas flotantes. El objetivo de esta investigación fue formular una propuesta de gestión de la producción intensiva de trucha arcoíris (O. mykiss), desde un enfoque hidrosocial. La investigación fue realizada bajo un análisis de tipo cualitativo y se desarrolló a partir de un estudio de caso en la vereda El Naranjal, Pasto. La metodología consideró herramientas de Diagnóstico Rural Participativo y de análisis estructural de variables. Como resultado, se determinó los impactos y las actividades más significativas que afectan los componentes del ambiente y, se propuso estrategias de gestión ambiental. Se concluye que la utilización del enfoque hidrosocial en el análisis de los sistemas productivos permite comprender las dinámicas entre los actores y sus interrelaciones con la naturaleza, lo que ayudará a mejorar la gestión de los recursos asociados con la producción de trucha arcoíris.