bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Massification of University Education and Instructional Delivery of Business Education Programme of State-owned Universities in South-South Region, Nigeria
Authors: N.E. Kayii , M.E. Akpomi , M.N. Koko , O.C. Kpesu
Published: April 2023

In response to historical circumstances, most south-south universities enrolled students in excess of their capacity, resulting in massification and negative consequences for educational quality. Increased enrollment has addressed issues of learning content selection and designing appropriate instructional models, which are equally important issues in ensuring the delivery of quality education. Apparently, the graduation rates of students do not match up to address unemployment. The study investigated the relationship between Massification of University Education and Instructional Delivery of Business Education Programme of State-Owned Universities in South-South Region, Nigeria. Two (2) specific objectives, research questions posed were answered and corresponding null hypotheses were stated, posed, formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Correlation research design was adopted for this study and the population consisted of eighty-three (83) Business Education lecturers in the six (6) state-owned universities offering Business Education in South-south region, Nigeria. No sampling method was employed as the entire population served as a sample of the study. Two (2) sets of instruments titled “Questionnaire on Massification of University Education (QMUE) and Business Education Instructional Delivery Scale (BEIDS)” were used for data collection, which were validated by three experts in Business Education and Measurement and Evaluation. The reliability index of 0.81 and 0.78 were obtained respectively using the test-retest method. Research questions were answered using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and t- transformational test was conducted to ascertain if the null hypotheses were significant or not. It was found out that there was a significant relationship between Massification of University Education and learning/content selection and instructional models as components of instructional delivery of Business Education programmes in State-Owned universities in the South-South region. Based on the findings, it was recommended amongst others that Business Education lecturers should select, design, and organize learning materials that stimulate and arouse students to reflect on what and how they are learning as they provide a high tech approach for students to utilize different technologies to aid students’ learning.
The Cream which relieves the pain of Menstrual cramps without interfering with the Hormones or Period Cycle
Authors: Tuba Imam Syeda , Saif Imam Syed
Published: April 2023

Dysmenorrhea is a disease caused by an overproduction of cytokines and prostaglandins throughout the menstrual cycle. NSAIDs are commonly used to relieve pain, but they can cause nausea, vomiting, hormonal imbalance, infertility, and irregularities in the menstrual cycle if used for a longer interval. Menthol, Cinnamaldehyde, Quercetin, and trans-anethole are combined in a novel Topical formulation that has significant anti-inflammatory and anti-dysmenorrheal activities with fewer side effects, and the excipients added improve the permeability rate and pharmacological action. The formulation quickly penetrates the stratum corneum and operates on the uterus’ endometrial lining cells, blocking pro-inflammatory cytokines including LPS, TNF, IL1, IL6, COX-2, LOX, oxidative stress, and lowering antioxidant levels. Menthol in the formulation has cooling and anti-spasmodic properties, making it effective in the treatment of dysmenorrhea-related nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. Anethol regulates excessive contractions via modifying Ca2+ and K+ channels. Cinnamaldehyde and Quercetin decrease inflammation by inhibiting the release of key cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators. The yield value, sensory testing, spreadibility, dynamic viscosity, pH, anti-microbial preservative concentration, microbiological limit, sterlity testing, skin permeation test, and assay testing will all be used to evaluate the formulation. The O/W cream that has been developed will be far more effective than conventional NSAIDs, will be simple to apply, and will not disturb the menstrual cycle.
Synthesis and Biomedical Activity of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation Technique
Authors: Sabah Tuqa , H. Jawad Kareem , Al-attar Nebras
Published: April 2023

Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) were formed via laser ablation of an aluminium target in deionised water (DIW) (Nd: YAG laser; wavelength: 1,064nm; different laser energies: 500, 800 and 1000 mJ; 30min). The optical, structural and morphological features of these Al2O3 NPs were investigated via ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Show that the average size of nanoparticles was between (21-48nm). The antibacterial activities of Al2O3 NPs were produced by utilising the well diffusion method against two pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus). Al2O3 NPs demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and B. cereus compared with the control (P≤0.05). Al2O3 NPs had the best energy at 1000 mJ, indicating that they were more effective towards Gram +ve than Gram -ve bacteria. The synergistic/antibacterial activity of Al2O3 NPs exhibited potential antibacterial activity against the investigated species after being combined with imipenem and gentamicin, which had higher antibacterial action than Al2O3 NPs alone. Furthermore, as determined by DPPH, results suggested that Al2O3 NPs have antioxidant properties. Finally, Al2O3 NPs were tested for cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), where 500mJ was 62.33±2.33, 800 mJ was 73.00±2.082 and 1000mJ was 85.00 ±1.732. The last was more effective than 500 mJ and 800 mJ and more efficient in penetrating cell membrane.
Development and In-vitro Effectiveness of Tooth-gel containing Herbal Extracts
Authors: Srinivasan Mythili , Deshmukh Apurva , Wani Manish , Polshettiwar Satish , Pande Varun , Deshpande Maitreyee , Pandit Ashlesha , Tagalpallewar Amol , Baheti Akshay
Published: April 2023

The aim of the current research was to formulate and evaluate herbal extracts tooth gel of of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula, Trachycpermum ammi, Embelia ribes and Syzygium aromaticum, which are used for oral hygiene, plaque control, gingivitis, anti-bacterial, astringent and prevent tooth decay. Powders were extracted separately and further evaluated for phytochemical screening which showed presence of phytoconstituents like alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and carbohydrates. A 23 factorial design was used to optimize tooth gel using independent variables: concentration of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (X1) (2 and 3 %); concentration of Gantrex (X2) (0 and 1%) and concentration of sodium lauryl sulphate (X3) (1.5 and 2.5 %) and dependent variables foaming capacity (Y1) and zone of inhibition (Y2). Tooth gel was evaluated for color, odor, taste and pH. Gel exhibited good viscosity, extrudability, spreadability and antimicrobial activity. Formulation F5 showed highest foamability (48.2±0.4ml) and zone of inhibition (4.4±0.2cm) with the desirability value 1 (most desirable response) at design space X1 = 2%, X2 = 0%, X3 = 2.5 % and was therefore considered optimize formulation. Formulation was found stable after 3 months of stability studies. Thus, formulated toothgel had better results when compared with marketed formulation. In conclusion, formulated toothgel was considered as helpful to take care of oral hygiene of human being.
The Spectral Study and Biological Activity for Azo-Shiff Bases Derivatives containing Pyrimidine Ring
Authors: Baqi Aldujaili Radhiyah Abdul , Nazik Talib Rasha , younus Alhasan Ahmed Ali
Published: April 2023

The importance of Schiff's bases is that they are used as anti-bacterial, tuberculosis, cancer and tumors, as well as their ability to capture metal ions. Schiff's bases play an important role in analytical and industrial chemistry as they are used to resist the corrosion of metals. Photolysis is not considered a degradation pathway for azo dyes. In order to extend the life of products dyed with azo dyes, it is necessary to ensure stability against microbial attack, and tests have shown that azo dyes degrade significantly in short-term tests under aerobic conditions. However, under anaerobic conditions, color change can be observed as a result of biodegradation .A general method for the synthesis of new Azo compound has been employed. Diazotization reaction between 2-amino pyrimidine and 2-amino-4-nitro phenol was used to produce Azo compound F1 [2-amino-4-nitro-6-(pyrimidin-2-yldiazenyl)phenol] then prepare two Azo-Shiff base derivatives by Aldol-condensation reaction of (F1) with p-N,N-dimethyl amino Benzaldehyde and Isatin to give (F2,F3).The research included biological screening as anti-bacterial for (F,F2,F3) and as anti-cancer for (F3) by using cell line type Hep G2. FT-IR,1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and two-dimensional(2D)HSQC spectroscopy was used to characterize these compounds.
Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate and n-Hexane Fractions of Ashitaba Leaves (Angelica keiskei K.)
Authors: K. Wardani Alvi , Safwan Safwan , Hapsari Ni P. , Hendriyani Irmatika , Ridwansyah Muhammad T. , Wahid Abdul R.
Published: April 2023

Malaria is a parasitic disease that is still a serious health problem globally, especially in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 261,671 malaria cases were in Indonesia until 2017, 100 of which died. One of the main factors causing the increase in malaria infection is resistance to antimalarial drugs. Resistance to antimalarial drugs can be overcome, one of which is by utilizing plants that have the potential as antimalarials. Several compounds derived from plants have been shown to have antiplasmodium activity, and have the potential to be developed as antimalarials, one of which is chalcone. This study aimed to determine the antimalarial activity of the ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of Ashibata leaves as a new alternative for malaria treatment. This study used a true experimental type of research with a posttest-only control group design approach microscopically against the parasite Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7. The ethyl acetate and n-hexane fraction of ashitaba leaves were tested at concentrations of 0.01 µg/ml, 0.1 µg/ml, 1 µg/ml, 10 µg/ml, and 100 µg/ml. The results showed that both fractions had very active inhibitory activity on Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7, with the IC50 values of the ethyl acetate fraction being 4.77 µg/ml and 4.38 µg/ml, respectively.
Increasing Prevalence of Congenital Hypothyroidism in children with Down Syndrome who have a family history of Thyroid disease
Authors: Mahmood Ahmed Salim , Raghid Reyadh Altalebi , Q. Shareef Basman , Albu-Rghaif Ali H. , Al-hussaniy Hany A. , Akeel Naji Meena
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The family history of thyroid disease (FHTD), which is either hyper or hypothyroidism, and its effect and the association with other diseases such as autoimmune disease or genetic diseases such as Down syndrome are not well understood, especially in countries in the middle east such as Iraq, which makes studies of this type get some interest recently and the correlation should be understood. Objective: To find out if there is an association between down syndrome and a family history of thyroid disorder. Methods: 451 New born babies have been enrolled in the studies. However, 4 of them has been excluded due to inadequate information; the result is about 396 collected in two hospital public (free serves) and privet hospital here in Iraq. The thyroid test and its family history information were collected in 67 new borns with down syndrome with a family history of thyroid dysfunction and the second group of 329 new borns with down syndrome without a family history of thyroid dysfunction, using the SPSS program to study the correlation confidence interval, and other logical analysis were performed in studies. Results: about sixteen neonates suffered from thyroid percent of about 4.1%, 9-Newborn's with down syndrome in this study had congenital hypothyroidism (4.1%). However, our research shows a correlation between a patient suffering from thyroid dysfunction with Down syndrome (Adjusted odds ratios= 8.3, 95% CI 2.0-34.3), moreover, the result slightly changes in males (Adjusted odds ratios= 9.0, 95% CI: 1.6-49.6). However, all the neonates with down syndrome had a low incidence of thyroid dysfunction if they have no family history of thyroid dysfunction (Adjusted odds ratios= 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8). In conclusion, we confirm the association between congenital hypothyroidism and FHTD in babies with DS. Babies with DS with FHTD have an eight-time higher risk of congenital hypothyroidism, particularly those of the male sex.
Worldwide Publication Trends of Drug Repurposing and Drug Repositioning in the Science of Medicine (2003-2022)
Authors: Muhammad Irham Lalu , Nuryana Zalik , Aryani Perwitasari Dyah , Rizky Nuari Yudha , Ary Sarasmita Made , Adikusuma Wirawan , Dania Haafizah , Maliza Rita , Cheung Rocky
Published: April 2023

Background: Science of medicine in the post-genomic era has significantly enhanced the knowledge of human diseases. These advancements could shed light to the translation of these benefits into drug therapeutics. Drug repurposing is a strategy that plays a pivotal role to provide novel insights into disease biology and further drive drug discovery as the ultimate goal. Herein, the current study aimed to analyse the global trends of drug repurposing peer-review publications from 2003 until 2022. Methods: We retrieved 1.371 articles related to drug repurposing studies and used similar terms and keywords, including “drug repositioning”, “drug repurposing”, “drug reprofiling”, “drug reusing”, and “drug recycling”. Results: The number of drug repurposing publications has increased dramatically from 2003 through 2022. Besides, the most active country in publishing drug repurposing research is the United States, followed by China, India, the United Kingdom, and Italy, respectively. Meanwhile, the top five frequently used keywords are drug repurposing (n = 336), drug repositioning (n = 335), COVID-19 (n = 134), SARS-CoV-2 (n = 135), and molecular docking (n = 67). Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of conducting active research collaboration in drug repurposing and drug repositioning especially pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Correlation of Salivary Uric Acid and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Metabolic Syndrome Population
Authors: N Bhagyashree , M Ganesh , C Ramaswamy
Published: April 2023

Uric acid, the final metabolic product resulting from purine degradation, contributes significant quantity of the antioxidant capacity that exists in blood and saliva. As there exist a linear relationship between serum and salivary uric acid levels, estimating salivary uric acid level (SUA) instead of serum uric acid level itself is enough to serve the purpose. Aim of the study was to compare salivary uric acid level with the severity of metabolic syndrome and to correlate it with the cardiac autonomic modulation. Measurement of salivary uric acid was done with semi-automated biochemical analyzer by enzymatic colorimetric method. The ECG was recorded by using limb lead II and the signal obtained was analyzed by using HRV analysis software version 1.1. (Biomedical Signal Analysis Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Kuopio, Finland). Time-domain parameters like mean RR interval (p<0.001), NN50 (p = 0.027) and pNN50 (p = 0.02) showed significant negative correlation with salivary uric acid. Pearson’s correlation analysis of salivary uric acid showed a significant positive correlation with frequency-domain parameters like LF (r = 0.282, p<0.001) and LF/HF (r = 0.475, p<0.001) and showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.258, p<0.001) with HF. Salivary uric acid measurement is a non-invasive, less time-consuming and also cheap, it can be used to screen metabolic syndrome and its components thereby reducing the cardiovascular disease burden too. The HRV parameters which showed correlation with SUA also indicated increased sympathetic activity and thus may be used along with SUA to assess the severity of both MS and CVD.
Effect of Pectin and Citric acid on Total Bacterial Load, Fungal Load, and Techno-economic Feasibility from processing to the storage of Guava Jelly
Authors: Chaudhry Gul-e-Saba , Matin Abdul , Bin Rahim Isfaq Wahid , Rahman Mizanur , Yik Sung Yeong , Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the Total bacterial load, fungal load, sensory evaluation, and techno-economic feasibility from processing to the storage of guava jelly. Fresh guava (Psidium guajava) jelly were prepared with 0.15%, 0.2%, and 0.25% pectin and with 1.1%, 1.15%, and 1.2% citric acid as a preservative. The bacterial count was determined through the Standard Plate Count (SPC) technique. The fungal analysis was done using a selective Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium. Lastly, the Inventory Theory’s model III was applied for the Techno-economic feasibility of guava jelly production. There was no yeast and mold growth detectable till day 90 of the storage period. However, the total bacterial load in jelly (acceptable limit ≤105cfu/ml) is satisfactory for consumption after 90 days of pectin and citric acid treatment. Furthermore, the production cost was approximately 65 Tk a bottle of 500g, which is considered economical compared to other local brands. Therefore, this formulation could be practiced for escalating the country’s development in the agriculture and food industries.
The Pharmacognostic Study of Leaves and Stems of Plant Clematis hedysarifolia DC.
Authors: R. Gawali Sonali , Y. Nehete Jitendra , Narkhede Minal
Published: April 2023

Objective: To set up quality control limitations of a vernacular medicinal plant, Clematis hedysarifolia DC this is exploited as traditional medicine by Maharashtra tribes. Methods: Pharmacognostic estimations were carried out which focused on microscopic, macroscopic, organoleptic, and physicochemical evaluations of leaves and stems. Organoleptically Macroscopic characterization performed. Qualitative and quantitative Microscopic study performed using microscopy. Stems and leaves qualitatively evaluated for type of stomata, epidermal cells, trichomes, palisade cells, spongy parenchyma, vascular system, epidermis and pith. In Quantitative evaluations leaf constants determined. In physicochemical evaluations ash value, moisture constant and extractive value determined. This study provides the scientific data for the proper identification and establishment of standards for the use of Clematis hedysarifolia DC.
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant potential of Lepidagathis spinosa Wight ex Nees., Whole plant - In vitro method
Authors: Ponnusamy Sutha , Balakrishnan Sangameswaran
Published: April 2023

Aim: To assess the phytoconstituents, total flavonoid, phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity of Lepidagathis spinosa wight ex Nees. (L.spinosa). Objective: To assess the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of L. spinosa with different solvents like petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and hydro alcohol extracts. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed using spectrophotometric method. The total antioxidant capacity and free radical scavenging activities of various extracts were estimated against DPPH, Hydroxy radical and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. Results: The hydro alcohol extract of the whole shrub revealed the maximal polyphenol content when correlated with the other solvent extracts. Total phenolic content of the hydro alcohol extract was found to be 33.53 of GAE/g dry weight of samples. Flavonoid content was found to be 19.63333 mg of quercetin equivalents/g dry weight of the extract. All the extracts were exposed significant antioxidant activity and hydro alcohol extract showing highest antioxidant ability in association with the polyphenol contents. Based on the IC50 values, hydro alcohol extract of the plant revealed the potent DPPH, Hydroxy radical, Nitric oxide radical scavenging ability. Conclusion: This study suggests that hydro alcohol extract of L. spinosa could be a potential source of natural antioxidant and justifies its traditional use in ethnomedicine.
Survival Analysis of Colon Cancer Data using Quantile Regression
Authors: Bhargavi M Vidya , Veeramachaneni Sireesha , Rao Mudunuru Venkateswara
Published: April 2023

Quantile regression emerged as an alternative and robust technique to the commonly used regression models. Even in the survival analysis, quantile regression is offering more flexible modelling of survival data without any constraints attached. Unlike traditional Cox hazards models or accelerated failure models, quantile regression does not restrict the variation of the coefficients for different quantiles. In this research we modelled and compared traditional survival regression method with quantile regression applied to colon cancer data.
In-vivo studies to determine Hair Growth Potential of Poly Herbal Medicated Hair Oil in Female Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: JK Pandya , MK Senghani , PS Sukhramani , BG Chaudhari
Published: April 2023

Hair loss is one of biggest problem of today’s human life throughout World. Alopecia, Baldness and hair loss are commonly found in the men as well as in female. Commonly available medicated hair oils in market for the treatment of hair disease are made up with mineral oil, which is proved to be carcinogenic in nature if applied for longer period of time. Hair plays a vital role in the personality of human and for their cure we use lots of cosmetic products. The fading (pigmentation problem), dandruff, alopecia (loss of hair) is the major problem associated with hairs. An Ayurveda is Indian traditional system of Medicine having major treatment across globe. The aim of study is to develop a poly herbal hair oil (PHO) formulation using Azadirachta indica, Rosa sinensis, Muraya koenigii, Lagenaria siceraria, Bacopa monieri, Lawsonia inermis, Eclipta alba, Embelica officinalis, coconut oil and Til oil, for better growth of hair and diminution in loss of hair (alopecia). The oil was prepared according to Ayurvedic Formulary of India and was standardized according to Protocol for Testing Ayurvedic, Siddha and Unani Medicines, Government of India. The physico-chemical evaluation was carried out for medicated hair oil. The pharmacological evaluations were performed through Pre-clinical Animal studies for qualitative, quantitative and mean- hair length studies.The statistical results of the study have demonstrated that 5% PHO possessed potent action on hair growth in the Female Swiss albino Mice animal’s model investigates as well as these provide a rationale in favor of its uses inside traditionally drug in favor of utilization in Baldness and other hair growth disorders.
Characterization of famotidine API and simultaneous Quantification of its organic impurities by UPLC
Authors: Chandrasekhar Reddy Gudibanda , Shyamala Pulipaka , Murali Krishna Rallabhandi , Venkata Narayanarao Kapavarapu Maruthi , Durga Babu Mannem
Published: April 2023

To evaluate the characterization of Famotidine API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) and develop the accurate, precise, linear ultra-performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC) method for quantitating determination of organic impurities (Impurity-A, Impurity-B, and Impurity-C) in Famotidine API, pharmaceutical dosage forms and the method has been validated as per international council of harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The Famotidine API characterization was done by using spectroscopic techniques such as mass, infrared spectroscopy (IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C13-NMR), and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR). The organic impurities (A, B, and C) quantification was done using ACQUITY UPLC CSH C18- 100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm column connected to ACQUITY UPLC with PDA detector. The optimized chromatographic conditions were achieved at 0.3 mL/min flow rate using a gradient system with 0.1% Tri fluoro acetic acid in water acetonitrile and Methanol as mobile phase. Three organic impurities are measured at λmax 260 nm at 45°C column temperature. Famotidine structure was confirmed by the appraised complete characterization data. The coefficient of correlation (r2) for the Impurity-A, Impurity-B, and Impurity-C was obtained not less than 0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained 0.12 µg/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) obtained 0.4 µg/mL for each impurity concerning Famotidine test concentration. The method was fully validated as precision, accuracy, LOQ precision, LOQ accuracy, ruggedness, and robustness complying with FDA, ICH, AOAC, and European medicines agency (EMEA) guidelines. The characterization study and the proposed UPLC method were specific, accurate, precise, linear, rugged, and robust for the determination of the three organic impurities in Famotidine API and it can be implemented for its intended use in pharmaceutical industries.
Counseling the Academically Gifted Children
Authors: Fadila Fadila
Published: April 2023

Statistically, the number of academically gifted children is quite many who are distributed in all areas. The academically gifted children will be beneficial for themselves and other people if they can develop optimally. Many academically gifted children are successful in their lives, however, we can find some of them feel difficulties. Because of that, they need counseling services. There are some important issues in counseling, especially for academically gifted children, such as (1) divergent thinking, (2) excitability, (3) sensitivity, (4) perceptiveness, and (5) entelechy. (6) self-concept, (7) counseling with parents, and (8) underachievement. To help in facing important issues, it is needed social-personal counseling, academic counseling, and career counseling. These three counseling approaches are needed simultaneously and depend on their needs. The models and strategies of counseling for academically gifted children are therapeutic, preventive, and developmental models. The choice of models is strongly determined by the need for effective counseling, to achieve the optimal result. To establish effective counseling, it is needed counseling services conducted by professional counselors.
PENGENALAN DINI PENYAKIT REMATIK DAN SENAM REUMATIK BAGI LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS KASONGAN I, KATINGAN
Authors: Sasmithae Lia , Kahanjak Donna Novina , Perdana Indra
Published: April 2023

Reumatik adalah penyakit yang menyerang sendi dan struktur atau jaringan penunjang sekitar sendi. Penyakit rematik yang sering ditemukan adalah osteoarthritis akibat degenerasi atau proses penuaan, artritis rematoid penyakit autoimun dan gout karena asam urat tinggi.1 Pada lansia penyakit ini sering terjadi sehingga terkadang menyebabkan gangguan kualitas hidup pada lansia. Penyakit Reumatik dapat dicegah dan juga diberikan penanganan kesehatan. Sesuai dengan program pemerintah yang menetapkan umur harapan hidup yaitu 65 tahun diharapkan lansia dapat tetap mempertahankan kesehatannya agar tetap produktif dalam kehidupannya.1 Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari penyakit reumatik pada lansia yaitu nyeri, kekakuan, hilangnya gerakan dan tanda-tanda inflamasi seperti nyeri tekan, disertai pula dengan pembengkakan yang mengakibatkan terjadinya gangguan imobilisasi.2 Pengetahuan masyarakat Indonesia untuk mengenal lebih dalam lagi mengenai penyakit reumatik, siapa saja yang dapat terserang penyakit reumatik, dan bagaimana cara penanganannya yang terbaik masih kurang. Untuk itu sebagai salah satu tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kesehatan, kita perlu untuk menyebar luaskan ilmu terkait dengan reumatik pada masyarakat.3 Kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan oleh pengusul kepada lansia di Posyandu Lansia pada wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kasongan 1 adalah menjelaskan mengenai jenis penyakit reumatik, siapa saja yang dapat terserang dan tindakan atau olah raga yang dapat dilakukan pada penderita penyakit reumatik terutama pada masyarakat lanjut usia serta memberikan spanduk edukasi sebagai sumber informasi bagi masyarakat.
New Contours of Church and State Relations: The Faithfully Obedient Indigenous Churches in 21st Century Zimbabwe
Authors: Matikiti Robert , Pandasvika Isaac
Published: April 2023

This article explores the role of indigenous churches in the struggle for freedom and democracy in Zimbabwe. For many years, the government of Zimbabwe has been trying desperately to assert its authority over the church. Upon realising that it could not win the battle to control churches of Western origins, the government turned to the white garment worshippers, popularly known as Mapostori. It is no surprise that the ruling party, Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), looks to ecclesiastical institutions – particularly the indigenous Churches that used to sing the praises of Mugabe, and now of Mnangagwa – to boost its support base. The church can either legitimate the current state of affairs, or call for change of the status quo. Reconstruction and transformation are fundamental pillars of the beliefs of world-affirming Christians. Human transformation is part and parcel of the work of Jesus Christ. Through the interpretive phenomenological analysis the foundational nature and thrust of the church’s evolution of religious social thought, and its understanding of reality is explored. Christians in Zimbabwe have been increasingly working to promote the creation of democratic structures and the rule of law. Democracy and freedom are the foundations of humane existence. Without democracy and freedom, Zimbabwe cannot develop, and Zimbabweans can enjoy neither happiness nor tranquillity. The points of compatibility and incompatibility between the church and the state also depend largely on the theology of particular churches. Indigenous churches are diverse, among which are the Johane Marange Apostolic Church, Vadzidzi, Madzibaba, Johane Masowe eChishanu, Masowe enguwoTsvuku, Guta raJehova and Zion Christian Church. In local parlance, they are either termed Masowe or Mapostori, and the two terms can also be used interchangeably. This article explores the use of ecclesiastical bodies by secular authorities in 21st century Zimbabwe.
The Military Leadership of Napoleon Bonaparte in the Battle of Austerlitz from the Perspective of Just War Theory
Authors: Wan Husin W. N. , Wan Rasyid W. M. I. , Mujani W. K.
Published: April 2023

The objective of the study is to analyze the moral aspects of Napoleon Bonaparte’s military leadership in the Battle of Austerlitz based on Just War Theory. Napoleon’s outstanding leadership is acknowledged by scholars, and this battle is lauded as one of Napoleon’s notable successes in the expansion of France’s empire in Europe. This research has applied a historical and textual analysis approaches by focusing on Just War Theory in analyzing Napoleon’s military leadership. This philosophical theory scrutinizes the aspects of morality in a war based upon three main principles. Based on historical and textual analysis approaches, the findings reveal Napoleon’s military leadership in this battle adjudged to be unethical, as one aspect of Just War Theory guidelines was exploited. The study has an impact on leadership style and political behavior as a determinant factor of the success among the army leaders, such as Napoleon Bonaparte. This study also discusses on or touch about strategic thinking of the warfare. This paper is a valuable source of information regarding current research on the historical approach in analyzing Napoleon’s military leadership based on Just War Theory.
The Determinates of Hesitancy of Taking Covid-19 Vaccine in Jordan
Authors: Qablan Ayat , Qablan Almutazballlah , Gablan Mohammad , Alhumoud Tasnim , Amer Ala'a Bani , Muzher Besan , Zietoon Nour , Al-Howari Rama , Hawamdeh Rmooz , Alamarat Taima , Awwad Taqwa , Batayneh Wa’ed , Gablan Abdalah
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to identify the determinants that led to the hesitancy of taking the corona vaccine. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was distributed to residents in Irbid city. The study sample amounted to (519) residents selected according to a simple random sampling technique. The crosstab analysis and one sample T. test and regression analysis were used in order to test hypotheses of the study. The study reached many results, most notably: There is a statistically significant relationship between the hesitancy of taking the Corona vaccine and both ages, marital status, infection with the virus, taking the vaccine, and sources of information about the Corona virus. The combined determinants (beliefs and fears) explained (28.4%) of the hesitation in taking the Corona vaccine, and the remaining percentage that was not explained in this model is attributed to other independent variables that were not addressed in this study. The study recommended community members not to rely on social media sources as a source for obtaining information related to COVID-19 vaccine, especially as it is tainted by many rumours and errors.
A Wildlife Guide to Georgia
Authors: de Meulenaer Brecht
Published: April 2023

Considered by many to be one of the most interesting, varied and biodiverse destinations in the Western Palearctic, Georgia has a great deal to offer for the naturalist-traveller. This guidebook is the first of its kind for the area, not only giving information on where to go birding, but also covering mammals, reptiles, butterflies, dragonflies, flora and numerous other items of note. Since the Rose Revolution in 2003, Georgia has gained popularity among western travellers. With the Caucasus being one of the richest wildlife hotspots in the world, featuring a high degree of endemism – not to mention the hospitable people, dramatic landscapes and last but not least the wonderful cuisine – it makes an excellent travel destination. This book is the practical guide for any nature enthusiast considering a visit to Georgia – from the serious birder to the butterfly fanatic, to the traveller with a general interest in the natural world. Packed with photographs and tips, it also contains many practical maps and suggested routes. An indispensable companion for any journey to the region.
Ants
Authors: Skinner Gary J. , Jarman Andrew P.
Published: April 2023

Ants are found everywhere from garden to mountaintop. They are at their most diverse in the tropics, but that does not make the 61 species of our part of the world any less fascinating or significant. As social insects, ants have fascinating life histories. Ecologically, they are highly important and influential. From tiny guest ants living in the nests of bigger species to gigantic wood ant mounds with hundreds of thousands of workers, there is a lifetime of possibility for study. This edition of Ants covers the general biology and ecology of species occurring in Britain and Ireland, including the Channel Islands. The book presents photographs and descriptions of workers for all 61 species on the regional list, together with distribution maps. There is also an account of some of the exotic species that may turn up in heated buildings. The extensively illustrated keys deal with workers, queens and males of all the species. These have been specially written and are the first comprehensive keys since those of the first edition 30 years ago. There are also quick-check keys to workers and nests, as well as a detailed list of kit suppliers and an extensive reference list. Ants are among the most familiar of insects and can form a crucial part of their ecosystem, having an impact far greater than their small individual size would lead us to expect. This book is for anyone wanting to learn more about these endlessly interesting insects, by reading and by applying some of the methods discussed to make new discoveries.
Finding W. H. Hudson
Authors: Jameson Conor Mark
Published: April 2023

An imposing, life-size oil painting dominates the main meeting room at the RSPB’s base in the heart of England: ‘the man above the fireplace’ – always present, rarely mentioned. Curious about the person in the portrait, the author began a quest to rediscover William Henry Hudson (1841–1922). It became a mission of restoration: stitching back together the faded tapestry of Hudson’s life, re-colouring it in places and adding new threads from the testaments of his closest friends. This book traces the unassuming field naturalist’s path through a dramatic and turbulent era: from Hudson’s journey to Britain from Argentina in 1874 to the unveiling by the prime minister of a monument and bird sanctuary in his honour 50 years later, in the heart of Hyde Park – a place where the young immigrant had, for a time, slept rough. At its core, this extraordinary story reveals Hudson’s deep influence on the creation of his beloved Bird Society by its founding women, and the rise of the conservation movement. It reveals the strange magnetism of this mysterious man from the Pampas – unschooled, battle-scarred and once penniless – that made his achievements possible, and left such a profound impression on those who knew him. By the end of his life, Hudson had Hollywood studios bidding for his work. He was a household name through his luminous and seminal nature writing, and the Bird Society had at last reached the climax of a 30-year campaign, working to create the first global alliance of bird protectionists. A century after Hudson’s death, this is a long-overdue tribute to perhaps our most significant – and most neglected – writer-naturalist and wildlife campaigner.
Rezension von: Fischer, Rudolf, Flora des Rieses
Authors: Wolf Reinhard , Fischer Rudolf
Published: April 2023

Rudolf Fischer: Flora des Rieses. Zweite Auflage. Verlag Rieser Kulturtage e.V. 2002. 661 Seiten mit 274 Farbfotos. Broschiert € 24,80. ISBN 3-923373-53-8
Rezension von: Lorenz, Sönke (Hrsg.), Der Nordschwarzwald
Authors: Setzler Wilfried , Lorenz Sönke
Published: April 2023

Sönke Lorenz (Hrsg.): Der Nordschwarzwald. Von der Wildnis zur Wachstumsregion. Markstein Verlag Filderstadt 2001. 240 Seiten mit 180 meist farbigen Abbildungen. Leinen € 39,90. ISBN 3-935129-01-7
Rezension von: Rückert, Peter; Schwarzmaier, Hansmartin (Hrsg.), 850 Jahre Kloster Herrenalb
Authors: Wrobbel Sibylle , Rückert Peter , Schwarzmaier Hansmartin
Published: April 2023

Peter Rückert und Hansmartin Schwarzmaier (Hrsg.): 850 Jahre Kloster Herrenalb. Auf Spurensuche nach den Zisterziensern (Oberrheinische Studien, Band 19). Jan Thorbecke Verlag Stuttgart 2001. 240 Seiten mit 84 Abbildungen und Karten, davon 14 in Farbe. Leinen € 34,-. ISBN 3-7995-7819-6
Inovação social: reconhecimento e equidade em tempos de pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Bernardes Leandro dos Santos , Pazetto Alexandre Zawaki , Pacheco Marcos , Alvarenga Mariana , Moser Giancarlo , Borba Pricila Cardoso , Cardoso Roberta Elpídio , Andreola Jocélia Felícia , Mota Flávio de Freitas , Nunes Nei Antonio
Published: April 2023

Esta pesquisa investigou as ações Amigos da Guiné-Bissau e o Fundo de Apoio – Coronavírus, desenvolvidos pelo Instituto Pe. Vilson Groh, uma Organização da Sociedade Civil (OSC) de Florianópolis/SC. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo, com enfoque exploratório e descritivo, constituído a partir da revisão da literatura, pesquisa documental e entrevista semiestruturada. Analisou-se, sob a perspectiva do reconhecimento intersubjetivo de Axel Honneth e da concepção de justiça como equidade de John Rawls, como as ações dessa OSC podem aproximar-se da Inovação Social (IS). As ações investigadas resultam em Inovação Social pois visam à transformação social por meio do desenvolvimento do protagonismo político e social a partir do reconhecimento intersubjetivo dos sujeitos e pela equidade no acesso a bens e oportunidades.
The Characteristics, Methods, Trends and Applications of Intelligent Systems
Authors: Ramu Arulmurugan , Haldorai Anandakumar
Published: April 2023

Interaction between intelligent systems and their human operators in dynamic, shifting, and unpredictable natural and social settings is novel area of study within the topic of intelligent computing systems. Robots of the past were not effective at making decisions on their own; instead, they routinely carried out the same set of actions in the same situations because they believed that the world was predictable. Nowadays, decisions may be made quickly and effectively by intelligent systems in practical settings. Modern intelligent systems include characteristics such as intelligent search and optimization, artificial evolution, and autonomous decision support that are unavailable in a traditional information system. An in-depth analysis of the methods used to create intelligent systems is presented in this paper. These techniques are often categorized as either artificial intelligence or soft computing. Some examples include the use of a neural network, fuzzy logic, a hybrid system, or a swarm of intelligent insects. In addition, this article gives an overview of two applications of intelligent systems and technologies such as Geothermal Heat Pumps (GHPs) and Heat exchangers (HEXs).
México y los migrantes centroamericanos: la buena voluntad frente a la intransigencia estadounidense
Authors: Fernández Ampié Guillermo
Published: April 2023

En el presente artículo se contrastan las expectativas de un cambio en la política hacia las personas migrantes creadas por el presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador poco antes de su toma de posesión en 2018, y la realidad que las y los migrantes han experimentado desde entonces. Se cuestiona la idea de que las personas que migran lo hacen en busca del “sueño americano”, expresión tan común en el discurso de los medios de comunicación e incluso en estudios académicos, y se argumenta que la aspiración de un trabajo que permita la manutención de la familia es un sueño y un derecho de todo ser humano. El texto se basa en una revisión hemerográfi ca y en conversaciones sostenidas con migrantes de paso en la ciudad de México.
KONSEP KEBEBASAN DALAM PENDIDIKAN PERSPEKTIF RABINDRANATH TAGORE DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Siswadi Gede Agus
Published: April 2023

Education is simply a tool to liberate humans from ignorance. However, this becomes a paradox between being a liberating tool and actually being a tool that shackles humans. Various existing systems in education are now manifesting as tools that impede human freedom to be able to learn happily. Educational observers have initiated the concept of critical education including Paulo Freire, Ivan Illich, John Holt, Reimer, Henry Giroux and one of them discussed in this article is Rabindranath Tagore. This study uses a qualitative method with a philosophical hermeneutic approach. The data in this study were collected through library research. The results in this study explain that Rabindranath Tagore based his criticism of education in India during the British colonial period which tended to focus on materialistic and intellectualistic aspects and did not pay attention to spiritual, emotional, social, and also nationalism aspects. Education that Rabindranath Tagore feels is more likely to only give birth to students who are uniform and do not pay attention to the potential or interests and talents of students naturally. The idea offered by Rabindranath Tagore is education that liberates with elements of art in education. Rabindaranath Tagore's thoughts can be used as an idea to design an education system in Indonesia, especially a humanist education system.
INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU MELALUI METODE DASA DHARMA
Authors: Arsini Ni Wayan , Rajendra I Made , Oktaviani Ni Made Ayu Dwi
Published: April 2023

This study aims to conduct a critical analysis related to innovative learning methods that can be applied in learning Hindu Religious Education. Hindu Religious Education is a subject that must be given to Hindu students at all levels wherever they are which has been regulated in the constitution. The role of the Hindu Religious Education teacher is necessary in order to convey a complete understanding of Hindu Religious Education to students, and teachers need learning methods in the process. The dasa dharma learning method, with four new methods namely dharma carita, dharma lila, dharma kriya and dharma brata can be an innovation made by teachers in learning. This research is a qualitative research with a literature study approach, meaning that the data obtained are secondary sources from articles, journals or books which are then analyzed by data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of this study are that the application of the dasa dharma method will greatly assist teachers in inculcating Hindu Religious Education material which generally consists of tattwa, susila, dan upacara. The dharma carita method can be used in providing material related to the cultivation of ethics/susila such as itihasa/purana stories. Meanwhile, with the dharma lila method, material related to tattwa can be provided, such as an understanding of the panca sradhas with the game of snakes and ladders of belief. The dharma kriya method can be used in materials related to upacara such as training in making ceremonial tools, then the dharma brata method to practice self-control and grow spiritual intelligence in students
Research on the Service Quality Improvement of Guilin Homestay Based on Online Bad Reviews
Authors: Li Yangwen , Hou Yuxia
Published: April 2023

In the era of digital economy, customer online reviews are an important basis for measuring the service quality of homestays and a keyfactor influencingfuture consumer decisions. Taking Guilin homestay as an example, we collected online bad review texts on Ctrip.com, coded the content of online bad reviews in layers by applying the grounded theory method, and sorted out and summarized the model offactors influencing the service quality of Guilin homestay. The results show that among the main factors causing customer dissatisfaction, operation service is the core factor, facilities and equipment is the key factor, transportation location is the basic factor, and safety and hygiene is the guarantee factor. Based on this, countermeasure suggestions such as improving infrastructure, implementing standardized management, and attaching importance to tourism experience are proposed at both government and homestay levels in order to improve the service quality of Guilin homestay and help Guilin build into a world-class tourism city.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of President Donald Trump’s Speeches during the Coronavirus Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Awawdeh Noor Al-Deen , Al-Abbas Linda
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the potential ideological stances reflected in President Trump’s speeches during the coronavirus crisis through the use of certain lexical items and grammatical constructions, including modal structures, comparative and superlative forms and pronouns. Two speeches delivered by Trump in two different phases of the coronavirus crisis are selected and analyzed in light of Fairclough’s (1995) CDA three-dimensional model. The study found that Trump used linguistic devices to emphasize concepts related to America’s superiority and supremacy, national unity, citizens’ involvement, and self-glorification. In addition, egoism was also stressed through the use of the pronouns “I” and “we”.