bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DROP SHIPPING IN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW PERSPECTIVE: E-COMMERCE STUDY INTER MARKETPLACE DROP SHIP IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ERA 4.0
Authors: Rasidin Mhd. , Sidqi Imaro , Witro Doli
Published: May 2022

Drop shipping is a business carried out by someone as an intermediary between suppliers and customers. This business has become a big trend in the market because it has the potential to get massive profits. However, there is still an assumption that the business is not following the teachings of Islam. This research will discuss the concept of drop ship in general and the latest drop ship that becomes the current market trend, namely drop shipper between marketplaces is. This study uses qualitative research methods that are literature research. The discussion of this research will focus on normative-juridical studies given Sharia Economic Law. This research is expected to be opened insight for the drop shipper so that the profits and success of his business will be blessed by Allah s.w.t. After the data is collected, it is then analyzed using data analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results showed that the drop ship business between marketplaces did not conflict with Islamic teachings, meaning that the business was following the Sharia economic agreements. The business is legal and religiously legal in the State of Indonesia. Therefore, the community must understand the business from management, systems, and payments to be following existing contracts. If the business continues to be developed, it will become a superior and growing halal business in the world.

Keywords: Drop ship, E-Commerce, Marketplace, Sharia Economic Law
INTERNATIONAL TRADE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT THROUGH DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BODY (DSB) AND INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION BODY
Authors: Supeno Supeno
Published: May 2022

The current trend in international trade is growing rapidly, along with these developments, the problems occurring in trade transactions are also increasing on the other hand the disputes arising in international trade are also increasing, under such conditions it is necessary to have greater legal role to overcome international trade issues. Several international trade dispute settlement institutions have been established but have not been well known and maximized in resolving international trade disputes whereas dispute settlement institutions play a huge role in the effort to create economic stability and world trade. Dispute resolution agencies that need special attention are Dispute Settlement Body and International Arbitration. In  this article author using the goodfaith theory as the importand principle in the dispute dispute of international business. The author would like to disclose some international trade dispute settlement which becomes the choice for disputing countries so that the writer can formulate the following problem of Settlement of international trade disputes through the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and international trade disputes through international arbitration bodies.

 Keywords: international trade dispute, dispute settlement, Arbitration
Information Storage and Retrieval System: an analysis of the impact of variables and measures aimed at the organization and retrieval of information centered on the user
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Lima Gercina , Campos Maria ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Published: May 2022

Introduction:The effective performance of an Information Retrieval System depends on the quality with which the organization of information is performed, which will imply a retrieval of the most relevant and pertinent information, since these procedures are conditioned to each other, creating a bridge between input and output of information. Objective:To evaluate the impact of the exhaustiveness and specificity variables and the recall and precision measures, as well as the concepts of relevance and pertinence, in Information Retrieval Systems. Methodology:It is characterized as a descriptive and exploratory study, based on a narrative literature review aiming to present the different concepts, their converging and divergent points. Results:As a contribution, we present a proposal for a flow for an Information Storage and Retrieval System, centered on the user, bringing together several aspects related to measures of recall and precision, of relevance and pertinence.Conclusion:It is considered as the final contribution of this study to highlight the importance of a systemic view, in which all elements of an Information Storage and Retrieval System are in interrelation, having the user as the main element; and present the fundamental activities that are important for the training of professionals able to build consistent Systems.
A produção do conhecimento sobre formação de professores indígenas e licenciatura intercultural
Authors: Santino Fernando Schlindwein , Teixeira Leny Rodrigues Martins
Published: May 2022

A formação de Professores Indígenas (PROIND), no Brasil, a partir da década de 1980, tem se constituído em um campo fértil e rico de pesquisas, refletindo a luta de vários setores da sociedade em prol dos direitos dos povos indígenas. Neste estudo, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa quantiqualitativa do tipo estado do conhecimento no campo da formação de PROIND, motivada pela seguinte questão: o que foi produzido nos últimos dez anos sobre a temática. O levantamento foi realizado com base nos descritores “formação de professores indígenas” e “licenciatura intercultural”, no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e na base de dados BDTD, entre 2009 e 2019. Os resultados do estudo evidenciam múltiplas temáticas relacionadas a: saberes tradicionais e conhecimento escolar; Matemática; interculturalidade; história dos povos indígenas; implementação de curso intercultural; depoimento de coordenadores, professores, licenciandos e egressos sobre os modos de produção e hierarquia dos conhecimentos ditos “científicos” sobre os conhecimentos tradicionais indígenas; políticas públicas acerca da formação de PROIND; currículo intercultural com foco na realidade; relação teoria e prática e oficinas de estudo.
Tecnologias na mediação do trabalho pedagógico: uma nova perspectiva didática?
Authors: Peixoto Joana
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo discute a natureza do trabalho pedagógico-didático tecnologicamente mediado, partindo da realidade concreta das práticas educativas prescritas e instaladas nas instituições educacionais brasileiras. Para tal, toma como referência o trabalho remoto adotado pelas escolas em todo o planeta, durante o distanciamento social imposto pela pandemia. O triangulo pedagógico (HOUSSAYE, 2013), modelo de representação da relação ou do processo pedagógico, é tomado como referência, com objetivo de demonstrar que o processo pedagógico pode se configurar de diferentes formas em função das distintas maneiras como se relacionam o professor, o estudante e o conhecimento. Mesmo que seja um elemento importante, a tecnologia não pode ocupar o papel central, sob pena de desvirtuar a própria natureza desta relação. Com base nesta discussão, propomos considerar o trabalho pedagógico-didático tecnologicamente mediado como atividade educativa cuja essência é a formação humana, demandando, assim, uma organização fundada nos elementos que compõem o ato didático, que são os objetivos, o conteúdo, a metodologia e a avaliação. Nesta perspectiva, não haveria uma didática da tecnologia na mediação do trabalho docente ou uma didática particular ao ensino híbrido, ou ainda uma didática específica para a educação a distância.
Estágio-docência: experiência potencializadora da formação
Authors: Monteiro Filomena Arruda , Freitas Gleciane Oliveira , Escoto Josué Javier Cruz
Published: May 2022

Este artigo aborda resultado reflexivo sobre estratégias didáticas que visem à indagação, reflexão e investigação, potencializando o processo formativo com foco no estágio-docência no curso de Mestrado em Educação. Ancora-se na literatura que discute formação de professores e narrativas como estratégia didático-formativa e investigativa. Busca-se problematizar experiências vivenciadas no estágio-docência mediante a utilização de casos de ensino, resgatando o sujeito ator para, posteriormente, ressignificar essa produção de conhecimentos e reconstruí-la. As aprendizagens narradas pelos mestrandos nos possibilitam ver a potencialidade tanto para a formação docente quanto para a prática profissional, entrelaçadas a um contexto específico de formação inicial e continuada, considerando que há indiscutivelmente um enriquecimento de perspectiva no paradigma sobre a formação de professores, transformando-se em vivências indispensáveis na formação dos mestrandos em Educação. Igualmente, evidencia que a estratégia utilizada provocou, desestabilizou e propiciou a superação dos modelos educativos ainda resistentes.
Os números e o Sistema de Numeração Decimal: avaliação diagnóstica de estudantes da educação básica
Authors: Silva Mônica , Alzira de Almeida Pimenta Maria
Published: May 2022

O desempenho dos estudantes brasileiros em matemática nas avaliações sistêmicas tem revelado lacunas. Considerando que o domínio do Sistema de Numeração Decimal é base para aprendizagem de conceitos matemáticos, a pergunta norteadora desta pesquisa foi: o que revelaram as avaliações diagnósticas aplicadas em distintas séries no Brasil e em Portugal? O objetivo geral foi compreender aspectos em relação à aprendizagem dos números e suas operações, apresentados na resolução das avaliações diagnósticas. Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicada uma avaliação diagnóstica, seguida de sua correção e análise. Buscou-se respaldo teórico em Luckesi (2010), Caraça (2010), Vergnaud (2009), Fernandes (2006), Desprebitéris (2001), entre outros. A avaliação diagnóstica revelou pontos-chave da aprendizagem e que, especificamente nas quatro turmas em que foi aplicada, a interpretação de texto, as frações e a passagem da linguagem formal para a linguagem algébrica − na resolução de problemas − não foram aprendidas por completo. Em relação às avaliações diagnósticas, estas se constituem em um rico instrumento, capaz de mapear a situação de aprendizagem dos conceitos, servindo como ponto de retomada e redirecionamento da condução do conteúdo a ser retrabalhado, bem como revisão das práticas pedagógicas dotadas para este objetivo.
Explainable fuzzy cluster-based regression algorithm with gradient descent learning
Authors: Viaña Javier , Ralescu Stephan , Ralescu Anca , Cohen Kelly , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: May 2022

We propose an algorithm for n-dimensional regression problems with continuous variables. Its main property is explainability, which we identify as the ability to understand the algorithm’s decisions from a human perspective. This has been achieved thanks to the simplicity of the architecture, the lack of hidden layers (as opposed to deep neural networks used for this same task) and the linguistic nature of its fuzzy inference system. First, the algorithm divides the joint input-output space into clusters that are subsequently approximated using linear functions. Then, we fit a Cauchy membership function to each cluster, therefore identifying them as fuzzy sets. The prediction of each linear regression is merged using a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang approach to generate the prediction of the model. Finally, the parameters of the algorithm (those from the linear functions and Cauchy membership functions) are fine-tuned using Gradient Descent optimization. In order to validate this algorithm, we considered three different scenarios: The first two are simple one-input and two-input problems with artificial data, which allow visual inspection of the results. In the third scenario we use real data for the prediction of the power generated by a Combined Cycle Power Plant. The results obtained in this last problem (3.513 RMSE and 2.649 MAE) outperform the state of the art (3.787 RMSE and 2.818 MAE).
Managing rare diseases: examples of national approaches in Europe, North America and East Asia
Authors: Cortial Lucas , Nguyen Catherine , Julkowska Daria , Cocqueel-Tiran Florence , Moliner Antoni Montserrat , Blin Olivier , Trentesaux Valérie
Published: May 2022

Around 4% of the global population suffers from a rare disease. Apart from the medical aspect, economic, organisational, and political approaches remain key aspects when it concerns the evolution of the world of rare diseases. We review here the principal specific national initiatives and organisations in Europe, North America and East Asia. Thereafter, we propose the outlines of a possible optimal approach, inspired by the successes of the individual national organisations. This work should be taken into account in the definition of large scale multi-national rare diseases programs, such as the European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases.
HISTORIAS DE VOLCANES 1| LA ERUPCIÓN DEL VESUBIO DEL AÑO 79 d.C. RESUELTO EL MISTERIO DE SU FECHA
Authors: Albert José F.
Published: May 2022

La erupción del Vesubio del año 79 d.C., bajo el gobierno de Tito, fue descrita por Plinio el Joven en dos cartas que remitió a su amigo Cornelio Tácito. Sus copias más antiguas aparecen en dos códices de 1498 y 1501 que refieren fechas diferentes, seguramente por un error de transcripción. Ahora, que la Arqueología ha apoyado a la Geología, sabemos la verdad y esta es la explicación.
Digitális és nyomtatott szövegek olvasásértésének mérése középiskolai diákok körében
Authors: Mendrey Zsófia
Published: May 2022

A dolgozat témája középiskolás diákok nyomtatott és a digitális szövegértési teljesítményének a mérése, a mérési eredmények összehasonlítása. A dolgozatban szereplő empirikus vizsgálat két, egy nyomtatott és egy digitális szöveget feldolgozó, szövegértési teljesítményt mérő tesztre épül, amelyet összesen 400 tanuló töltött ki. A vizsgálat  3 vidéki és 3 fővárosi intézményben zajlott a nemi különbségek és a gondolkodási műveletekben nyújtott eltérő teljesítmény figyelembevételével. A kutatásból kiderült, hogy a felmérésben részt vevő diákok a nyomtatott szövegértési teszten jobb eredményt értek el, mint a digitális szövegértési feladatlapon, illetve, hogy a lányok jobban teljesítettek mind a papíralapú, mind a digitális szövegértési teszten, mint a fiúk. A koronavírus következtében kialakult digitális oktatás azonban nagy változást eredményezhetett ezeknek a kompetenciáknak a fejlettségében, így a továbbiakban érdemes a kutatást kiterjeszteni és megvizsgálni, milyen változásokat generált a kényszerű helyzet.
On Bernoulli and Hermite Polynomial Collocation Methods to solve Fuzzy Volterra integral equations of the second kind
Authors: Darabi Mohsen , Seifi Ali
Published: May 2022

In this work we introduced an efficient method based on Bernoulli and Hermite polynomial collocation methods for solving fuzzy Volterra integral equations of the second kind. Two theoretical aspects of the methods, i.e.
existence and uniqueness of solution were investigated. In order to explore the efficiency of the method, convergence and error analysis are discussed in detail. Finally, accuracy and applicability of the proposed methods are
carried out along with comparisons using a few examples. The suggested method can be used as an alternative
for previous methods.
Bioinformatics analysis of Human Kallikrein 5 (KLK5) Expression in Metaplastic breast carcinoma: An Independent Cancer Biomarker
Authors: Song Yue
Published: May 2022

Background
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) has been proven to consistently harbour a basal-like immunophenotype and expression profile(lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 expression), but has the worse prognosis and the faster tumorigenesis, lacking of standard effective treatment. We attempt to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by searching for public datasets to help elucidate the underlying mechanisms of MBC development and provide new biomarkers and essential prognostic factors for MBC.
Methods
DEGs in TNBC (triple-negative breast cancer) and non-TNBC were screened out by analyzing the GSE76275 and The Cancer Genome Atlas, while GSE165407 identified the DEGs between metaplastic tumors and non-metaplastic tumors fromTNBC patients. There were 2 co-expression DEGs identified but only KLK5 has significant differential expression in MBC and TNBC. Metascape and David online biological information databases were performed to reveal the the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of DEGs. To detect the KLK5 expression in different subtypes of breast cancer, both online databases, including UALCAN, GEPIA, HPA and Breast cancer gene-expression miner, and qPCR were used. KLK5‑associated gene analysis was performed by TCGA and LinkedOmics database was used to detect the co-expression genes of KLK5. Finally, Kaplan–Meier plotter showed the survival datas.
Results
KLK5 was screened by comparing DEGs in TNBC and MBC, which was over expression in TNBC but downregulated in MBC. The KEGG enrichment analysis and GO analysis revealed that estrogen signaling pathway was the most TNBC related pathway. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was the vital pathogenic mechanism in MBC by using KEGG and GO analysis of DEGs in MBC and non-MBC, as well as overlapping genes of the significantly different genes and co-expression genes of KLK5. What’s more, the prognosis analysis showed that KLK5 was statistically correlated with RFS mainly in LN positive TNBC subtypes, which were highly similar to MBC.
Conclusion
Our research identified the KLK5 by bioinformatic analysis to help us explore the underlying mechanism of MBC differing from TNBC and provide potential targets for diagnosis and prognosis of MBC.
Toxoplasma gondii Dense Granule Protein 3 Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis by Activating the PERK Pathway
Authors: Obed Cudjoe , Wu Minmin , Chen Ying , An Ran , Cai Haijian , Luo Qingli , Yu Li , Wang Jie , Liu Fang , Shen Jilong , Du Jian
Published: May 2022

Background
Toxoplasma gondii is a neurotropic single-celled parasite that can infect mammals and birds. Central nervous system infection with T. gondii infection can lead to Toxoplasma encephalitis. Toxoplasma infection can cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation, which ultimately can lead to apoptosis of host cells. The dense granule protein GRA3 has been identified as one of the secretory proteins that contribute to the virulence of T. gondii; however, the mechanism remains enigmatic.
Methods
The expression of GRA3 gene in RH, ME49, Wh3 and Wh6 strains were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT–PCR). pEGFP-GRA3Wh6 was created by inserting Chinese 1 Wh6 GRA3 (GRA3Wh6) cDNA into a plasmid encoding the enhanced GFP. Mouse neuro2a (N2a) cells were transfected with either pEGFP or pEGFP-GRA3Wh6 (GRA3Wh6) and incubated for 24–36 hr. N2a cell apoptosis- and ER stress-associated proteins were determined using flow cytometry and immunoblotting. Furthermore, N2a cells were pretreated with GSK2656157 and Z-ATAD-FMK before GRA3Wh6 transfection, and the effect of the inhibitors on GRA3Wh6-induced ER stress and apoptosis was investigated.
Results
GRA3 gene expression was higher in the less virulent strains of type II ME49 and type Chinese 1 Wh6 strains compared to the virulent strains of type I RH strain and type Chinese 1 Wh3 strain. Transfection with GRA3Wh6 plasmid induced neuronal apoptosis and increased the expression of GRP78, p-PERK, cleaved caspase-12, cleaved caspase-3, and CHOP compared to pEGFP. Pretreatment with GSK2656157 and Z-ATAD-FMK decreased apoptosis in N2a cells, and similarly, ER stress- and apoptosis-associated protein levels were significantly decreased.
Conclusion
GRA3 induces neural cell apoptosis via the ER stress signaling pathway, which could play a role in Toxoplasmic encephalitis.
Hypoxia-induced reprogramming of glucose-dependent metabolic pathways maintains the stemness of human bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells
Authors: Lin Dongni , Yan Kaihao , Chen Lingyun , Chen Junxiong , Xu Jianing , Xie Zhijing , Li Zhujun , Lin Shuo , Li Jinghuan , Chen Zhenzhou
Published: May 2022

We have previously demonstrated that hypoxia is benefit for maintaining the stemness of cultured human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), but the mechanism is still unclear. Growing evidences suggest that cellular metabolism plays an important role in regulating stem cell fate and self-renewal. Here we aimed to detect the changes of glucose metabolism and to explore its role on maintaining the stemness of EPCs under hypoxia. We identified the metabolic status of EPCs by using extracellular flux analysis, LC-MS/MS, and 13C tracing HPLC-QE-MS, and found that hypoxia induced glucose metabolic reprogramming, which manifested as increased glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), decreased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and mitochondrial respiration. We further pharmacologically altered the metabolic status of cells by employing various of inhibitors of key enzymes of glycolysis, PPP, TCA cycle and mitochondria electron transport chain (ETC). We found that inhibiting glycolysis or PPP impaired cell proliferation either under normoxia or hypoxia. On the contrary, inhibiting pyruvate oxidation, TCA or ETC increased cell stemness under normoxia mimicking hypoxic conditions. Moreover, promoting pyruvate oxidation reverses the maintenance effect of hypoxia on cell stemness. Although hypoxia decreased mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, the total ATP level remained unchanging, indicating that energy production does not play a major role in this process. Taken together, our data suggest that hypoxia induced glucose metabolic reprogramming maintains the stemness of EPCs, and artificial manipulation of cell metabolism can be an effective way for regulating the stemness of EPCs, thereby improving the efficiency of cell expansion in vitro.
A meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of type Ⅳ collagen 7S for the staging of liver fibrosis in NAFLD
Authors: Honda Yasushi , Yoneda Masato , Kobayashi Takashi , Iwaki Michihiro , Kawamura Nobuyoshi , Nogami Asako , Kessoku Takaomi , Ogawa Yuji , Tomeno Wataru , Imajo Kento , Horita Nobuyuki , Saito Satoru , Kaneko Takeshi , Nakajima Atsushi
Published: May 2022

We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the measurement of type Ⅳ collagen 7S (T4C7S) concentration for the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science Core Collection databases for studies of the accuracy of T4C7S for the staging of fibrosis using Fibrosis stage (F) 0–4 in patients with NAFLD diagnosed by liver biopsy. Nine articles describing 1,475 participants with NAFLD were included. For fibrosis ≥ F1, with n = 849, summary estimates of sensitivity of 0.79, specificity of 0.69, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80 were obtained using a median T7C4S cut-off value of 4.6. For fibrosis ≥ F2, with n = 1,090, summary estimates of sensitivity of 0.78, specificity of 0.78, and AUC of 0.84 were obtained using a median cut-off value of 4.9. For fibrosis ≥ F3, with n = 1,311 participants and a median cut-off value of 5.4, a pooled sensitivity of 0.82, specificity of 0.81, and AUC of 0.83 were obtained. For fibrosis ≥ F4, with n = 753 and a median cut-off value of 6.6, a pooled sensitivity of 0.85, specificity of 0.81, and AUC of 0.85 were obtained. T4C7S concentration was found to be an accurate method of staging liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Development of Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation method through coleoptile in rice
Authors: Ho Un-Hyang , Song Sam-Rang , Choe Yong-Il , Pak Myong-Hyok , Kim Mi-Hyang , Kim Kang , Ho Tong-Su
Published: May 2022

Genetic modification of rice is mainly carried out by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of callus accompanied by tissue culture. It is time consuming, laborious and useless for cultivars that are unable to induce callus. In this paper, we report a novel gene transfer to pull out primary leaf followed by infection of shoot apical meristem in the coleoptile with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 culture harboring pCAMBIA1301-RD29A-AtDREB1A. Primary leaves were pulled out from rice seedlings grown in Petri dishes and soil conditions, and Agrobacterium culture were injected into the coleoptile with a micro syringe. Treated plants were co-cultured in dark condition for 48 hours and washed. These plants were regenerated into transgenic plants, and the transgene was transferred to the next generation, the transgenic plants exhibited tolerance to cold stress. This gene transfer through rice coleoptile is a simple, efficient and cultivar-free method that does not require tissue culture.
Related Neural Networks Underlie Suppression of Emotion, Memory, Motor Processes as Identified by Data-Driven Analysis
Authors: Hunt Karisa June , Knight Lindsay K. , Depue Brendan E.
Published: May 2022

Background: Goal-directed behavior benefits from self-regulation of cognitive and affective processes, such as emotional reactivity, memory retrieval, and prepotent motor response. Dysfunction in self-regulation is a common characteristic of many psychiatric disorders, such as PTSD and ADHD. This study sought to determine whether common intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs; i.e., dorsal attention network) are involved in the regulation of emotion, motor, and memory and if a data-driven approach using independent components analysis (ICA) would successfully identify such ICNs that contribute to inhibitory regulation. Methods: Eighteen participants underwent neuroimaging while completing an emotion regulation (ER) task, a memory suppression (think/no-think; TNT) task, and a motor inhibition (stop signal; SS) task. ICA (CONN; MATLAB) was conducted on the neuroimaging data from each task and corresponding components were selected across-task based on interrelated patterns of activation. Subsequently, ICNs were correlated with behavioral performance variables from each task. Results: ICA indicated a common medial prefrontal network, striatal network, and frontoparietal executive control network, as well as down-regulation in task-specific ROIs.Conclusions: These results illustrate that common ICNs were exhibited across three distinct inhibitory regulation tasks, as successfully identified through a data-driven approach (ICA).
Co-designing a digital health tool to deliver occupational health and safety strategies for sex workers
Authors: Bernier Thérèse , Ross Lori E , Logie Carmen H , Seto Emily
Published: May 2022

Background: For the past twenty-five years, sex workers have been using Information and Communication Technologies, such as the Internet, websites, emails, blogs, texting, mobile phones, and social media, to receive and exchange occupational health and safety information. However, previous research has indicated that sex workers would prefer to use a sex worker-only digital occupational health and safety tool, designed by sex workers for sex workers. By forming an alliance with technologists and researchers, sex workers can design a digital platform that can meet their occupational health and safety needs by using a collaborative and participatory approach known as co-design. Objective: In applying the practice of co-design to create a digital prototype, we sought to answer the following research question “What are the core components of a digital tool that will enable the delivery of occupational health and safety strategies for sex workers?” Methods: Using the Auckland District Health Board of New Zealand's Health Service Co-design framework, three co-design sessions were held. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the three co-design sessions for this study were held virtually. Results: A total of 6 sex workers from 4 Eastern Canadian cities participated in 3 co-design sessions. During the first session, journey mapping, participants sketched out their stories by discussing their experiences using various digital tools (e.g., group chats) to exchange safety tips. In the second session, participants used outputs from the first session to further discuss their needs and develop scenarios, sketching the steps they would take to access a digital occupational health and safety resource. During the third session, participants used outputs from the prior sessions to formulate the core components of the digital tool. The resulting prototype, a website participants named SWanswers (Sex Work answers), was comprised of 6 core components: regional bad date resources, the work of sex work, supplies, STI information and education, sexual health, and harm reduction services. Conclusion: Findings from the co-design approach employed in this study could help guide sex workers, academics, and technologists when collaborating on digital health endeavours.
A1 adenosine receptor activation inhibits P2X3 receptor-mediated ATP currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
Authors: Hao Jia-Wei , Qiao Wen-Long , Li Qing , Wei Shuang , Li Xue-Mei , Liu Ting-Ting , Qiu Chun-Yu , Hu Wang-Ping
Published: May 2022

Purinergic signaling is involved in multiple pain processes. P2X3 receptor is a key target in pain therapeutics, while A1 adenosine receptor signaling plays a role in analgesia. However, it remains unclear whether there is a link between them in pain. The present results showed that the A1 adenosine receptor agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) concentration-dependently suppressed P2X3 receptor-mediated and α,β-methylene-ATP (α,β-meATP)-evoked inward currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. CPA significantly decreased the maximal current response of α,β-meATP, as shown a downward shift of its concentration-response curve. The CPA-induced suppression was independent on the clamping-voltageof the membrane. Inhibition of ATP currents by CPA was completely prevented by the A1 adenosine receptor antagonist KW-3902, and disappeared after the intracellular dialysis of either the Gi/o-protein inhibitor pertussis toxin, the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin, or the cAMP analog 8-Br-cAMP. Morover, CPA suppressed the membrane potential depolarization and action potential burst induced by α,β-meATP in DRG neurons. Finally, CPA relieved α,β-meATP-induced nociceptive behaviors in rats by activating peripheral A1 adenosine receptors in dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that CPA inhibited P2X3 receptor activity in rat primary sensory neurons by activating A1 adenosine receptors, Gi/o-proteins and intracellular cAMP signaling, revealing a novel peripheral mechanism underlying its analgesic effect.
Mechanisms of Cynarine for treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on the Integration of Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Cell Experiment
Authors: Sun CHhunyong , Yang Le-Le , Zhao Pan , Yan Pei-Zheng , Li Jia , Zhao Dong-Sheng
Published: May 2022

Background: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a chronic Liver Disease prevalent all over the world. It has become more and more common in Japan, China and most western developed countries. The global prevalence rate is 25.24%, and the trend is increasing year by year. So, this study to systematically predict and analyze the mechanism of Cynarine in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on the integration of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cell experiment. Methods: We performed Heatmap and Venn diagram analyses to identify genes and targets in Cynarine treat NAFLD. The network of Cynarine-therapeutic targets and the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed .We used gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to visualize associated functional pathways.The Sybyl tool was used to dock the Cynarine with key therapeutic targets molecularly. Finally, cell experiments were applied to validate the role of Cynarine in the treatment of NAFLD. Results: The Cynarine could act on 48 targets of NAFLD, and the role of CASP3, TP53, MMP9, ELANE, NOTCH1 were more important. The PPI network showed that immune and inflammation-related targets played a pivotal role. The KEGG analysis found that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cell cycle and MAPK signaling pathway may be the main pathways for Cynarine to prevent and treat NAFLD. Molecular docking studies confirmed that Cynarine has good binding activity with therapeutic targets. Cynarine reduced the fat deposition ability of NAFLD model cells, and effectively reduced the levels of ALT and AST released by liver cells due to excessive lipid accumulation. We also found that Cynarine inhibited the expression of AKT1 and MAPK1.Conclusions: This study revealed that Cynarine could significantly reduce the fat deposition ability of NAFLD model cells, which may be closely related to the effective regulation of AKT1 and MAPK1 expression by Cynarine.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Coastal Andhra, India
Authors: Manem Sai Sunil Kishore , Karri Vijay Krishna , Vantaku Rahul , Garuda Rama , tripathy anita
Published: May 2022

We report the presentation and clinical course of 104 children, who had Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) during the study period. Out of them, 52 (50%) required respiratory support. Among those who required respiratory support 13 (12%) children required invasive ventilation, 11 (10.5%) children could be managed with noninvasive ventilation, whereas 28 (27%) children required supplemental oxygen. 18 (17%) children had signs of myocarditis and left ventricular dysfunction. 12 (11.5%) children had pulmonary edema and Coronary artery dilatation was present in 4(4%) cases. Steroids were used as main stay of therapy. Low dose intravenous Methylprednisolone was administered to72(69%); pulse dose methylprednisolone was administered to 12 (12%) children. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) administered to 20(19%) children. Among the study group, 103 children survived and one child expired (0.96%).
ESPL is elevated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Predicts Prognosis
Authors: Song Rui , Huang Jun-Tao , Yang Cheng-Lei , Li Yuan-Kuan , Zhan Guo-Hua , Xiang Bang-De
Published: May 2022

Background: Extra spindle pole bodies-like 1 (ESPL1) are associated with malignant biological behaviors in several tumors. Nevertheless, the correlation between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and ESPL1 has not yet been confirmed. The objective of this paper is to analyze the molecular function together with the prognosis value of ESPL1 in HCC.Methods: Firstly, we conducted next-generation sequencing on 121 HCC tissues and 119 normal adjacent normal tissues and collected clinicopathological and genetic data of HCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Secondly, we verified the ESPL1 expression in another twenty pairs of HCC specimens by qRT-PCR. Subsequently, the prognostic value of ESPL1 was investigated through Cox univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Finally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to define ESPL1-related co-expressed genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were used to analyze the process and pathway of ESPL1 in HCC. The prognostic value for the hub genes was explored through joint effect survival analysis.Results: RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR data showed that raised ESPL1 in HCC tissues relative to normal tissues (P<0.001). Clinically, ESPL1 (HR=2.004, 95%CI=1.072-3.743, P=0.032), tumor size (HR=2.468, 95%CI=1.137-5.354, P=0.021) and advanced BCLC stage (HR=1.956, 95%CI=1.037-3.692, P=0.038) were independent prognostic factors for poor OS; ESPL1 ((HR=1.653, 95%CI=1.032-2.645, P=0.036) and advanced BCLC stage (HR=2.217, 95%CI=1.348-3.646, P=0.002) were independent prognostic factors for poor RFS. WGCNA showed the top 10 co-expressed genes associated with ESPL1 were GTSE1, KIF18B, BUB1B, GINS1, PRC1, KIF23, KIF18A, TOP2A, NEK2 and FANCD2. Enrichment analysis indicated that ESPL1 and its co-expression genes might be involved in the cell cycle and cell division of HCC. The joint effect survival analysis suggested that the mortality rate of HCC patients with all high expression of ESPL1, GTSE1, BUB1B, PRC1, KIF23, and TOP2A was approximately 3.37 times higher than that of patients with all low expression. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that infiltration by B cells, dendritic cells, and Treg cells were positively associated with ESPL1.Conclusion: Our outcomes exhibit that ESPL1 might be associated with immunosuppression and probably is an effective prognostic indicator in HCC patients.
Early detection of tongue cancer using a convolutional neural network and evaluation of the effectiveness of EfficientNet
Authors: Lee Sung-Jae , Kwon Ik-Jae , Son Young-Don , Kim Jong-Hoon , Lee Min-Sun , Kwon Dohyun , Song Eun-Sun , Kim Bongju , Lee Jong-Ho , Kim Hang-Keun
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesEarly detection of oral cancer is critical because the survival rate is reported to be 90%, whereas 45.5% for advanced oral cancer occur with neck metastasis. This study assessed the detection potential of oral tongue cancer and precancerous lesions using a convolutional neural network (CNN) and evaluated the effectiveness of EfficientNet in a situation with limited datasets.Materials and Methods1,810 tongue images organized into four categories (malignant tumors, precancerous lesions, benign or inflammatory lesions, and normal) were used for model training. Data augmentation, transfer learning, and fine-tuning have been used to overcome the problems associated with limited datasets. Also, the weight balancing method was introduced to mitigate class imbalance by assigning different weights to each class. VGG16, Inception-ResNet-V2, and EfficientNet models were used and compared to each other.ResultsThis study evaluated the possibility of detecting tongue cancer and precancerous lesions using CNN. The final model achieved an accuracy of 0.9167, a precision of 0.9212, a recall of 0.9167, and an F2 score of 0.9176 with the test dataset.ConclusionsOur proposed model can detect potential oral cancer and precancerous lesions. EfficientNet was effective through data augmentation and weight balancing in detecting the tongue lesions with a limited dataset. The results of this study may help patients and general practitioners in tongue lesion diagnosis.Clinical relevanceIn many cases, tongue cancer is initially confused with glossitis, even by general practitioners. Thus, screening of tongue cancer/precancerous lesions through an artificial neural network will help detect tongue cancer early.
Prediction model for prolonged length of stay in hip fracture patients
Authors: Yu Jian , Cao Hong , Li XueJiao , Chang YaRu , Li Yue , Guo HongYu
Published: May 2022

Background: The length of hospital stay in hip fracture patients is closely associated with medical costs, the burden of which is increasing in aging societies. Herein, we developed and validated models for predicting prolonged length of stay in hip fracture patients to support efficient care in these patients. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing hip fracture from January 2019 to December 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between risk factors and delayed discharge after hip fracture . Finally, the risk factors obtained from the multivariate regression analysis were used to establish the nomogram model. The validation of the nomogram was assessed by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves. Results: A total of 684 patients were included in the present study for evaluation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that bone traction, pneumonia, second fracture, multiple trauma, venous thrombosis, pulmonary infection and ACCI were independent risk factors for delayed discharge after hip fracture. The C-index of this model was 0.794 (95% CI, 0.744-0.844). Internal validation proved the nomogram model’s adequacy and accuracy, and the results showed that the predicted value agreed well with the actual values. Conclusions: Our prediction models may help policymakers in developing strategies for the optimal management of hip fracture patients with a focus on patients at a high risk of prolonged length of stay.
The effect of space debris on near-Earth space
Authors: Ahmed Ali M. , Shehab Russel Mohemmed , Omran Zainab Hassan , Taha Safa Yaseen , Temur Assel A. , Aleiwi Jalal Jabbar , Jihad Mustafa A , qasim Haytham Bashar , Rahmah Muntadher I.
Published: May 2022

The research describes the effect of space debris on near-Earth space in order to reveal the concept of space debris composition and origin of debris, to determine the effect of space debris on space orbital flights by discussing the spatial distribution of debris, the Collisions of spacecraft with debris and their consequences, the probability of collisions of spacecraft with debris, and Measures to limit debris contamination of near-Earth space. Also, the expected consequences of debris contamination of space and the Earth have been identified in this research as the frequency of dangerous encounters between debris and vehicles will almost double. By 2059, this figure will quadruple. If we translate this prediction into absolute numbers, it turns out that in 2019 satellites and space debris converged 20 thousand times a week, and in 2059–50 thousand. Now the number of such events is about 13 thousand per week. The need to track hazards and ensure evasive maneuvers will significantly increase the cost of space missions. The research describes the ways to remove space debris from orbit by using jet propulsion devices (both high and low thrust), aerodynamic braking means, Collection of artificial objects using special spacecraft and their subsequent withdrawal, and using a solar sail.
Research and Development of Multi-axis CNC Abrasive Belt-Grinding Machine Postprocessor
Authors: Qiao Hu , Wei Zhenxing , Deng Ruixiang , Xu Tianhang , Xiang Ying
Published: May 2022

Multi-axis CNC abrasive belt grinding machine is an essential piece of equipment for processing the turbofan engine fan blades. The quality of blades determines whether engine performance can be further improved. As one of the important means to ensure the blade quality, the measurement of the blade is still in the stage of manually hand-held measurement, and it is urgent to introduce digital and intelligent means to improve this situation. In order to make the overall process of blade grinding and measurement digital and intelligent and make the CNC belt grinding machine integrated into the intelligent manufacturing system, its core is to upgrade the grinding machine by installing intelligent devices for the grinding machine. The primary premise of the upgrade is to reconstruct the post-processing system of the machine tool. Therefore, this article established a multi-axis CNC abrasive belt-grinding machine’s precise geometry assembly model, developed the post-process module based on the machine kinematics chain, established and validated a virtual grinding machine virtual simulation environment, and completed the experimental verification with a specific type of wide string hollow fan blade. The experimental results show the correctness and effectiveness of the post-processing module and the virtual simulation environment. The work of this paper provides an essential platform for the subsequent upgrade of the grinder and the installation of an in-machine measurement system.
Genetic regulation of human brain proteome reveals proteins implicated in psychiatric disorders
Authors: Luo Jie , Niu Mingming , Li Ling , Kong Dehui , Jiang Yi , Shieh Annie , Cheng Lijun , Giase Gina , Grennan Kay , White Kevin , Chen Chao , Wang Sidney , Pinto Dalila , Wang Yue , Liu Chunyu , Peng Junmin , Wang Xusheng
Published: May 2022

Psychiatric disorders are highly heritable yet polygenetic, potentially involving hundreds of risk genes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genomic susceptibility loci for psychiatric disorders, but how these loci contribute to the underlying psychopathology and etiology remains elusive. Here we generated a deep human brain proteome by quantifying 11,672 proteins across 288 subjects using 11-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/LC-MS/MS). We identified 788 cis-acting protein quantitative trait loci (cis-pQTLs) associated with 883 proteins at a genome-wide false discovery rate (FDR) < 5%. In contrast to expression at transcript level and complex diseases that are found to be mainly influenced by noncoding variants, we found protein expression level tends to be regulated by non-synonymous variants. We also provided evidence of 487 shared regulatory signals between gene expression (i.e., eQTL) and protein abundance (i.e., pQTLs). Mediation analysis revealed that for most (64%) of the colocalized genes, the expression level of their corresponding proteins are regulated by cis-pQTLs via gene transcription. Causality analysis by Mendelian Randomization (MR) revealed 4 cis-pQTLs and 19 cis-eQTLs causally controlling schizophrenia (SCZ) GWAS loci, respectively. We further integrated multiple omic data together with network analysis to prioritize candidate genes for SCZ GWAS loci. Collectively, our results underscore the potential of proteome-wide linkage analysis for mechanistic understanding of psychiatric disorders.
Heat shock protein 90α is a potential prognostic and predictive biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma: a large-scale and multicenter study
Authors: Su Ke , Liu Yanlin , Wang Pan , He Kun , Wang Fei , Rao Mingyue , Li Xueting , Wen Lianbin , Song Yanqiong , Zhang Jianwen , Gu Tao , Xu Ke , Li Qi , Chen Jiali , Wu Zhenying , Li Han , Huang Weihong , Chen Lan , Tong Jian , Li Hongyan , Feng Xunjie , Chen Siyu , Yang Binbin , Jin Hongping , Yang Yue , Liu Hanlin , Yang Chao , Wu Min , Xiong Fangyu , Peng Keyi , Zhu Lechuan , Xu Yaoyang , Tang Xue , Tan Zunyuan , Luo Xiaotong , Zheng Hanyue , Zhang Yuxin , Guo Lu , Han Yunwei
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAlthough the diagnostic value of plasma heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been previously reported, the causal effect of plasma HSP90α levels on HCC prognosis remains largely unclear. To this extent, we sought to assess whether plasma HSP90α act as a prognostic factor for HCC patients.MethodsA total of 2150 HCC patients were included in this retrospective study between August 2016 and July 2021. Plasma HSP90α levels were tested within a week prior to treatment and their association with prognosis was assessed.ResultsAn optimal cut-off value of 143.5 for the HSP90α based on overall survival (OS) was determined using the X-tile software. HCC patients with HSP90α < 143.5 ng/ml (low HSP90α) had longer median OS (mOS) compared to those with HSP90α ≥ 143.5 ng/ml (high HSP90α) (37.0 vs. 9.0 months, P < 0.001), indicating that high HSP90α plasma level is an independent poor prognostic factor for OS in HCC patients. In our subgroup analysis, including supportive care group, surgery group, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) group, adjuvant TACE group, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plus targeted therapy group, and TACE plus ICI group, the high HSP90α group demonstrated better OS compared to the low HSP90α group. Moreover, in the supportive care, TACE, ICI plus targeted therapy and TACE plus ICI groups, high HSP90α levels was also an independent poor prognostic factor for OS.Conclusions Our study confirmed that plasma HSP90α could be used as a prognostic biomarker for HCC.