bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interlude | Losing Sophia and Angela
Authors: Humphris Rachel
Published: September 2019

I meet Sophia walking down the street with Armando, who is now 13 months old. She is pushing a buggy which is also laden with shopping bags hanging over the handle bars. The buggy looks old and one of the wheels isn’t working properly. It seems to be taking all of her energy to push it through the residential backstreets. She tells me to come with her because she has moved to a different house. I offer to push the buggy but after I try and am completely unable to steer it along the pavement, I take the shopping bags and walk along beside her. She tells me she has been refused child benefit for the second time in London. She has indefinite leave to remain and has a national insurance number but she has been refused and she doesn’t know why. We arrive at the house and it seems very different from the other houses I have previously visited. It is not a small Victorian terrace but a bungalow. When we enter it has many different rooms with locks on the doors, separated by small dark corridors. There is a large kitchen and living room that are almost entirely empty and bare apart from three couches which look as though they have been made for an office waiting room. They have grey plastic cushions and wooden frames. There are large glass doors that open out to a large grassy back garden. There are two men at the bottom of the garden looking into cages full of dogs. Sophia tells me that this is the landlord who is breeding dogs. Armando has fallen asleep so Sophia takes me to her room and places Armando in a drawer on the floor that she is using for a cot. We return to the kitchen where she begins to unpack the shopping she has just bought and begins to make chips out of a large bag of potatoes....
Public Corporate Security Officers and the Frontiers of Knowledge and Credentialism
Authors: Lippert Randy K. , Walby Kevin
Published: September 2019

This chapter assesses another new kind of policing and security agent — public corporate security personnel — with attention to the frontiers of security knowledge and credentialism. It considers the establishment of corporate security units in municipal and federal levels of government in Canada. Corporate security, operating in the private sphere, is now entering new and unexpected frontiers to become elements of policing and security networks. The chapter then focuses on how knowledge and technology from the American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS International) is transferred into Canadian levels of government and their newer corporate security units and operations as well as into the UK and Australia through some of its 240 chapters worldwide.
Disruptive protests
Authors: Fanghanel Alexandra
Published: September 2019

This chapter builds on themes established in Chapter Two and considers the naked or nearly naked protest as a carnivalesque disruption in public space. Part One posits that these protests rely on spectacularisation (in the Debordian sense (1994 [1967]) of the naked body to function. We explore this in the context of so-called feminist anti-rape protests, such as SlutWalk or Femen. Part Two analyses these gendered dynamics in the context of non-human animal rights protests including those of PETA and Lush, One of these campaigns is analysed and I draw on the auto-ethnographic experience of participating in naked protest to explore the potentialities of this as a mode of forging a war machine. This chapter demonstrates how the eroticisation of sexual violence is mobilised as part of these politics.This chapter examines the interplay between smooth and striated space, rape culture and the capacity that protest harbours for revolution.
Disruptive play
Authors: Fanghanel Alexandra
Published: September 2019

In recent years, BDSM communities and sexual practices have received increasing attention in academic circles and in popular discourse. Part one explores what happens at the threshold of kinky subculture and its penetration into the mainstream, within contemporary legal, cultural, and commercial discourses. Part Two explores the penetration of the disobedient body within the kink community and interrogates how ‘the community’ responds to trouble or disruption. In this part, I draw on interview data with men and women in the US and the UK who talked about how for instance, community is forged, consent violations are dealt with, undesirable behaviour of members of the community are negotiated, and how sexualised relations emerge.This chapter explores the ways in which social and spatial (in)justice through disavowal, exclusion, and the promotion of rape culture prevail in these encounters. Yet it is also hopeful and considers how some interventions might become transformative and how molecular revolutions might emerge.
Disruptive bodies
Authors: Fanghanel Alexandra
Published: September 2019

This chapter builds on themes established in previous chapters by examining these potentialities in relation to the creation of war machines and establishment of a praxis (Freire, 1968). I return to a consideration of how the guerrilla war machine works in relation to State apparatus which produces codes in public space which, for instance, privilege certain types of body over others. I consider how we might create a war machine and imagine how this might foster the sort of molecular revolution which alters what dominant systems of exclusion, marginalization and commodification might do.Mobilising some politics of ‘making the familiar strange’ (Brecht, 1996 [1964/1935]), of critical exteriority (Kristeva, 1981; Lorde, 1984), and of disinvestment from power (Freire, 2017 [1970/1986]), it does offer some ways in which to conceive of different ‘Becomings-’ and alternative imaginations of social, spatial, gendered justice.
A Criminology of Moral Order
Authors: Boutellier Hans
Published: September 2019

Moral order is disturbed by criminal events. However, in a secularized and networked society a common moral ground is increasingly hard to find. People feel confused about the bigger issues of our time such as crime, anti-social behaviour, Islamist radicalism, sexual harassment and populism. Traditionally, issues around morality have been neglected by criminologists. Through theory, case studies and discussion, this book sheds a new and topical light on these concerns. Using the moral perspective, the book bridges the gap between people's emotional opinions on crime, and criminologists' rationalized answers to questions of crime and security.
My Life as a Spy: Investigations in a Police File (2018)
Authors: Palmer Megan
Published: September 2019

To download this review, please, click here.
Southern Womanhood and “The High Cost of Living and Dying in Dixie”
Authors: Weaks-Baxter Mary
Published: September 2019

This chapter looks at the border as a gendered site within the context of Southern womanhood. If, as Kristeva says of woman, “the biological fate that causes us to be the site of the species chains us to space,” then the South not only lays claim to women’s bodies but also contains them. Reflecting on ways gender impacts border narratives by women, the chapter focuses on autobiographical writings by Arnow, Abbott, Hurston, Scott, and Welty to examine ways Southern women look to the horizon to claim it, struggle with firmly engrained models of Southern womanhood, and attempt to break free from these patterns. Considering texts within the historical context of the representation of woman as symbolic border guard of nations and communities, and as who needs “saving” when outside aggressors threaten, the chapter reflects on the implications of crossing borders when women’s bodies are literally used to define the line.
“Anywhere South of the Canadian Border”
Authors: Weaks-Baxter Mary
Published: September 2019

This chapter reflects on Southern Border Formation Narratives and Border Crossing Narratives within a broader context of 21st Century wall building. Markers of Southernness are fading, yet at the same time, many of those strategies of Southern nation building are rearing their heads in American society. Bringing this chapter back around to the discussion of border building that opened the study, the book closes with a discussion of Southern Border Formation Narratives—especially those that divide races--that have been claimed by groups of people outside the South and how those narratives have blurred the line between South and not-South. Wrestling with questions about 21st Century wall building in the Age of Trump, the book closes by asserting that perhaps Malcolm X’s statement “As far as I am concerned, [the South] is anywhere south of the Canadian border” is even clearer now.
Iodine deficiency diseases in children and adolescents (plenary lecture)
Authors: Kasatkina E. P.
Published: September 2019

The main consequence of iodine deficiency in the environment is the development of goiter in people living in iodine-deficient regions (endemic goiter). In this regard, for a long time it was considered that goiter is the only manifestation of this condition. It has now been proven that, in addition to goiter, iodine deficiency also has other adverse effects on human health. In 1983, the term "endemic goiter" was replaced by the term  "iodine deficiency diseases" (IDD). These diseases are caused by a decrease in the functional activity of the thyroid gland in response to iodine deficiency.
Neuroendocrine control of the pituitary gonadotropic function in experimental diabetes
Authors: Babichev V. N. , Adamskaya E. I. , Kuznetsova T. A. , Shishkina I. V.
Published: September 2019

The hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal system was examined in male and female rats with experimental diabetes in­duced by streptozotocin (STZ). Injection of STZ caused a decrease of testosterone (T) concentration and of T nuclear receptors in the pituitary. The levels of luteinizing and follicle stimulating hor­mones (LH and FSH) in the blood of diabetic rats did not differ from those in intact animals. In vitro experiments showed that the development of diabetes did not change the basal secretion of LH by the pituitary in males. Maximal response to LH-RH was record­ed in control males after 3-hour incubation, whereas the rate of LH secretion in experimental rats did not differ from basal values. In­jection of STZ to cycling females disordered the estrous cycle and involved decreases of the basal and cyclic secretion of LH, FSH, and sex hormones. The concentrations of estradiol nuclear receptors in the preoptic anterohypothalamic region and pituitary decreased, whereas the number of T-binding sites decreased only in the pitui­tary. Sex hormone-stimulated gonadotropin wave in oophorect- omized females was decreased in diabetes, which was due to changed activity of the LH-RH producing system. The authors hy­pothesize that changes in the mechanism of regulation of the hy­pothalamo-pituitary-gonadal system in experimental diabetes are re­lated to pituitary disorders in males, whereas changed basal and cy­clic secretion of LH and FSH in females is caused by disordered activity of the LH-RH production and receptor binding at the level of the hypothalamo-pituitary complex.
Enseñar historia, educar la temporalidad, formar para el futuro
Authors: Pagès Joan
Published: September 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar y valorar la importancia de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la historia para la construcción del futuro personal y social de los niños y niñas, de la juventud de nuestras sociedades democráticas. En primer lugar, presentaré el papel que algunos historiadores otorgan al futuro como telón de fondo de las investigaciones sobre el pasado. En segundo lugar, me centraré en aquellas ideas y aquellas propuestas curriculares y educativas pensadas fundamentalmente desde la didáctica de la historia que miran al futuro como el objeto privilegiado la enseñanza de la historia. Y concluiré con la presentación de algunas propuestas curriculares en las que he intervenido y de algunos materiales de los que soy autor, o coautor, en los que las relaciones pasado, presente y futuro son uno de los ejes vertebradores.El principal valor educativo de la enseñanza de la historia consiste en dotar a los niños y a las niñas y a la juventud de los conocimientos y de las competencias necesarias para ubicarse en su mundo, comprender lo que sucede en él, tener instrumentos teóricos para poder interpretar y valorar lo que sucede, sus antecedentes y sus consecuencias, y para, en definitiva, comprometerles en la construcción de su futuro personal y social. El futuro es el auténtico motor de la historia, el que nos hace tomar decisiones desde un presente que, a su vez, como es sabido, es el resultado de otras decisiones tomadas en el pasado, es decir cuando el presente era futuro.
La ciudad en la Historia. Enseñar su pasado, presente y futuro en las aulas de Secundaria
Authors: Pérez Largacha Antonio
Published: September 2019

A lo largo de la historia las ciudades, grandes o pequeñas, han sido el resultado de una construcción social, de un proceso político y de unas dinámicas culturales, al tiempo que han tenido una función económica e ideológica. Conocer la historia de nuestras ciudades, y de los centros urbanos que caracterizan a otras culturas, resulta de gran importancia para valorar el presente y la realidad donde vivimos, contribuir a una educación para la ciudadanía y, también, para preparar a los estudiantes para los retos del futuro. En las ciudades aprenden la mayoría de los estudiantes de secundaria y, según indican todos los informes, será donde viva el 80% de la población mundial en pocos años. Igualmente, el mundo laboral, actual y futuro, está cada vez más en relación con el mundo de unas ciudades que son, y serán, los verdaderos motores económicos de la economía, el trabajo y la vida de las personas. El propósito de este trabajo es vincular el conocimiento del pasado a los estudiantes de secundaria a través de las ciudades con los retos del presente y las perspectivas de futuro.
Enseñar la ciudad a través de la historia, un análisis de los manuales escolares de Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Martínez Medina Ramón
Published: September 2019

La enseñanza del medio urbano en los últimos años ha cobrado relativa importancia debido a la gran expansión de las ciudades y de la población que habita en ellas a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, como contenido a enseñar no aparece en los Reales Decretos de enseñanzas mínimas de Educación Primaria. Todo ello no desmerece su importancia, pues la ciudad se enseña desde otras perspectivas, fundamentalmente vinculada a la enseñanza de la historia en sus distintos periodos. Este trabajo pretende conocer cómo se enseña la ciudad en los manuales escolares de Ciencias Sociales de Educación Primaria a través del tiempo. La metodología empleada es mixta, cualitativa y cuantitativa. Para el análisis de los manuales se ha diseñado una parrilla con cuatro categorías. En la primera se presentan los datos generales e identificación del manual escolar. En la segunda se analiza la calidad técnica del mismo y la organización interna. La tercera categoría, denominada «La ciudad en el manual escolar», pretende realizar un análisis interpretativo de dichos contenidos a través de las ideas que son vehiculadas y su grado de profundización en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. También se analiza el tipo de recursos didácticos seleccionados, utilizando la Taxonomía revisada de Bloom. La última categoría tiene un carácter reflexivo, intentando destacar los criterios y principios aplicados para el diseño y la forma en que el manual trata los contenidos sobre la ciudad.
Nuevos alumnos, nuevos retos y recursos diferentes: un libro digital para la enseñanza de la Historia Antigua
Authors: Sánchez Domínguez Víctor , Álvarez-Ossorio Rivas Alfonso , Lozano Gómez Fernando
Published: September 2019

Esta aportación presenta los resultados de los proyectos de Innovación docente gestionados por miembros del Dpto. de H.ª Antigua en 2011 y 2017 para generar nuevas dinámicas de aprendizaje en nuestras materias y cambiar los materiales que utilizamos en las mismas a fin de modernizarlos y adecuarlos a las nuevas necesidades del alumnado. El primero de los proyectos realizó una labor de investigación para identificar las necesidades a nivel de contenidos del alumnado de la asignatura de Fundamentos de Historia en el grado de Educación Primaria, mientras que el segundo se centró en crear un nuevo modelo de manual universitario adecuado a las necesidades tanto de este alumnado como el de otros grados en los que el Dpto. imparte clases.Los objetivos que nos marcamos fueron identificar las características del alumnado y su grado de conocimientos, valorar el proceso de aprendizaje, identificar las principales dificultades que tienen frente a los contenidos de nuestras materias, diseñar unos nuevos materiales que las solucionaran y valorar el grado de éxito de los mismos. Para ello diseñamos un cuestionario que se pasó a todos los grupos que cursan la asignatura, teniendo la suerte de tener una muestra significativa de entre quinientos a seiscientos alumnos y durante varios años procuramos diseñar los nuevos materiales que vieron la luz en forma de libro electrónico maquetado y publicado gracias al proyecto de Innovación docente de 2016/17/ y que comenzó a usarse en el cuso 2016/17, presentando un aumento en el índice de aprobados y permitiéndonos reflexionar sobre la necesidad de continuar el proceso de reforma de contenidos, materiales y metodologías para estas asignaturas.
Poder Real Africano. Propaganda y legitimación de Juba I (ca. 60-46 a. C.) a través de sus emisiones helenísticas
Authors: Amela Valverde Luis , Martínez Chico David
Published: September 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un estado de la cuestión acerca de las acuñaciones monetarias del rey númida Juba I. Históricamente nos encontramos ante la Segunda Guerra Civil Romana mantenida entre Pompeyo y Julio César (49-45 a. C.), donde Juba I apoya al «bando pompeyano». Las monedas de Juba I son producto de dicho acontecimiento y tienen su explicación en el pago de tropas contratadas. Además, las leyendas monetarias se insertan dentro de la propaganda e inciden en la posterior legitimación del trono númida, en manos de Juba I.
Realidades y ficciones de la Rusia postcomunista en El Concierto (2009), de Radu Mihaileanu
Authors: Barrenetxea Marañón Igor
Published: September 2019

Este artículo analiza las claves del filme El Concierto (2009), desde la perspectiva de las relaciones de historia y cine, impulsadas por Marc Ferro, Robert Rosenstone y José María Caparrós Lera, entre otros. En otras palabras, el tratamiento del cine como un documento histórico más, con su propio lenguaje, y que se configura, además, como un agente de la Historia. El Concierto nos muestra, desde un retrato humorístico, las realidades y ficciones de la Rusia postcomunista, sus nuevas idiosincrasias, su deuda con el pasado y los muchos conflictos sociales y emocionales dejados sin resolver tras su cierre. El filme no pretende ser una exacta radiografía de la sociedad rusa, sino una metáfora muy elocuente del duro retrato social (miseria, heridas y mafias) y herencia dejada tras el totalitarismo soviético.
Agnotologie, die Grenzen der Gewissheit und die Theorie der Demokratie
Authors: Botwinick Aryeh
Published: September 2019

Inspired to some extent by the work of Thomas Kuhn, Ignorance Studies seeks to grapple with the implications that follow from the idea that on a theoretical level we can hardly ever know that we have approached truth. In order to test theories, we would need to have access to empirically raw, theoretically unadorned facts and to confront them with theoretically diverse or contradictory accounts of how to make sense of them. It’s the nature of the case that we are not able to penetrate to such a pure point of origin for things. The words that we use to describe them are already suffused with biases and distortions that limit what we can say about them. Our relationship to phenomena inside us and to things outside us always subsists in a symbolically mediated, indirect medium. Our efforts to be either before or after this state of symbolic mediation generally land us in a state of deepened awareness of the extent of the prolongation of the middle. The conceptualized entity is for all intents and purposes the entity we relate to. The paper argues that given the limits to certainty highlighted by Ignorance Studies, our political institutions need to be responsive to the priorities enshrined in democratic theory to ensure that the policies pursued by any given government are reflective of the needs and the wishes of the majority of the people.
Historische Kontinuität und affirmative Genealogie
Authors: Kinzel Katherina
Published: September 2019

This paper analyses the methodological writings of nineteenth-century historian Johann Gustav Droysen. It explores how Droysen integrates the political and methodological aspects of historiography. The paper shows that Droysen relies on a procedure of “affirmative genealogy” which, in turn, is based on a concept of historical continuity. By Droysen’s account, historical continuity enables “historical understanding”; and the understanding of historical continuities provides the statesman – the “practical historian” – with a solid basis for political decision making.
Nietzsches affirmative Genealogien
Authors: Queloz Matthieu
Published: September 2019

This paper argues that besides the critical and historically informed genealogies of his later work, Nietzsche also sketched out genealogies that are not historically situated and that display an under-appreciatedaffirmativeaspect. The paper begins by looking at two early examples of such genealogies where datable historical origins are clearly not at issue, which raises the question of what kind of origins Nietzsche is seeking. It is argued that these genealogies inquire intopracticalorigins – into the original point of certain conceptual practices given certain needs – and that this reflects Nietzsche’sinstrumentalist approach to concepts. It is then argued that this focus lends the genealogies an affirmative dimension, because they present their object as naturalistically intelligible and practically indispensable. Finally, it is shown how the nature and limits of this affirmative dimension can be tentatively sharpened by connecting it to Nietzsche’s later notion of an economicjustificationof morality.
Simultaneous Energy and Reserve Market Clearing with Consideration of Interruptible Loads as One of Demand Response Resources and Different Reliability Requirements of Consumers
Authors: Najafi Mojtaba , Ahmadi Samaneh , Dashtdar Masoud
Published: September 2019

Determining the optimal reserve in power systems is closely related to uncertainties in power generation and risks of outage of supply to consumers. Distributed generation sources such as wind farms are usual reasons for uncertainties in MW production. This uncertainty can be alleviated by providing enough reserve in which demand response (DR) programs can play role of resources for reserve. In an electricity market structure, the mentioned points are usually handled by Independent System Operator (ISO) in energy and reserve markets. This paper deals with the problem of reliability-based reserve management. In the mentioned problem, the DR program in the form of interruptible loads is also considered. A new method is proposed in which ISO settle energy and reserve markets simultaneously while employing the DR in the first stage. In addition, consumers’ requirements of reliability are included by assuming that they have possibility to offer their desired levels of reliability to the ISO. The amount of reserve obtained from market settlement is adjusted based on the different reliability requirements of the consumers and different scenarios of the wind farm operation, in the second stage of the proposed method. Also the cost of the reserve adjustment is fairly allocated to producers and consumers. The proposed method applies stochastic programming formulation and its validity is assessed by the GAMS software. Simulation results show that how amount and cost of reserve could be adjusted to cover power balance, cost of power production and load interruption and required reliability of consumers.
“Cleanse” detoxification diet program in Appalachia: Participant characteristics and perceived health effects
Authors: Davisson Laura , Sofka Sarah
Published: September 2019

Introduction

Numerous detoxification or “detox” diets purport to eliminate toxins from the body, help with weight loss, and improve health. Despite the claims of proponents, few of these programs have evidence of effectiveness. They often have significant associated costs and may have potential for harm, but they seem to be quite popular. Members of a community in Appalachia were invited to participate as a group in one such diet (called a “cleanse”). We conducted a study to explore characteristics of people who chose to complete the program, including their motivations and their perceptions of the health effects related to participation.

Methods

Those who volunteered to participate were educated on this program’s definition of a “clean” diet through an information session and were given written guidelines. The diet was to last 21 days, and instructions were outlined as to which foods were allowed and which were to be eliminated. This study evaluated participants in two cohorts (June 2014 and January 2015). Individuals who registered for the study were asked to complete three anonymous surveys: one pretest before beginning the program (PRE), one roughly 1 week after completion (1wPOST), and one follow-up 8 weeks after the end of the diet period (8wPOST). Descriptive statistics, Skillings–Mack test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze results.

Results

Thirty-four individuals completed the PRE surveys, 15 individuals completed the 1wPOST surveys (44% of those completing the PRE surveys), and 8 individuals completed the 8wPOST surveys (24% of those completing the PRE surveys). Comparing results from the PRE, 1wPOST, and 8wPOST surveys, there were significant overall differences seen in the following health characteristics: cravings for sweet/salty foods (p=0.03), “giving in” to cravings (p=0.04), energy levels (p=0.001), and sleep quality (p=0.0001). These differences seen were between the PRE and 1wPOST surveys. Weight satisfaction and overall health did not show any overall significant differences.

Conclusions

While participants in Appalachia could benefit from a program that could improve health, this program’s participants did not share socioeconomic characteristics reflective of most people from that area. Most were college-educated females with a reported family income and level of education that were higher than the average population. Self-reported health characteristics related to cravings, energy levels, and sleep quality demonstrated overall significant improvements from the PRE to the 1wPOST surveys. This exploratory study provides insight into the popularity of such programs. While measurement rather than self-report of clinical outcomes would be needed to more definitively determine the effects of this program, it would be worthwhile to explore further in an experimental study the outcomes identified in this study as being affected (cravings, energy, sleep, and weight).
Virgin coconut oil supplementation in diet modulates immunity mediated through survival signaling pathways in rats
Authors: Hima Lalgi , Pratap Uday P , Karrunanithi Sunil , Ravichandran Kishore A. , Vasantharekha Ramasamy , ThyagaRajan Srinivasan
Published: September 2019

Background

Virgin coconut oil (VCO), a cold processed form of coconut oil, is traditionally consumed in Asian countries owing to its nutritional and medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the health benefits of VCO involve alterations in immune responses that are regulated by intracellular signaling molecules in the spleens of rats.

Methods

Young male Wistar rats were fed with three doses of VCO in diet for 30 days. At the end of the treatment period, spleens were isolated and in vitro effects on immune responses (Concanavalin A [Con A]-induced lymphoproliferation and cytokine production), and direct effects of VCO treatment on intracellular signaling molecules and antioxidant status were examined. Serum was collected to measure glucose, lipid levels, and leptin.

Results

VCO supplementation in diet enhanced Con A-induced splenocyte proliferation and Th1 cytokine production while it suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine production. VCO increased the expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), sirtuin1 (SIRT1), liver kinase B1 (p-LKB1) p-ERK, and p-CREB in spleen. Similarly, VCO increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes while it suppressed lipid peroxidation in the spleen. VCO diet had hypolipidemic effects on the rats: an increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels while lowering triacylglycerol (TAG) levels.

Conclusion

The health benefits of VCO may be mediated through enhanced Th1 immunity through the upregulation of survival signaling pathways and inhibition of free radical generation in the spleen besides its capacity to induce hypolipidemia.
Priority to the Furthest Behind
Authors: Fleurbaey Marc
Published: September 2019

The UN Resolution heralding the Sustainable Development Goals pledges to leave no one behind, and moreover “to reach the furthest behind first”. This priority echoes the priority to the worst-off that is being discussed in philosophy, economics and related disciplines, but also the pleas of many actors who represent or fight for the most disadvantaged populations. This paper argues that serious theories do support such a priority and that the best policies implementing this priority do not necessarily involve the most intuitive anti-poverty targeted measures.
New Optical Codes Based on Construction of Parity Check Matrix of LDPC Codes
Authors: Tehami Mohammed Amine , Kandouci Chahinaz , Djebbari Ali
Published: September 2019

In this paper, new spectral optical codes based on the construction parity check matrix of LDPC codes were designed and implemented in an optical code-division multiple access communication system. Two types optical family codes can be obtained with respectively a cross correlation of

λ
c

=
0

{\lambda _c} = 0

and

λ
c

=
1

{\lambda _c} = 1

. In each case, the codes can either be decoded using the direct detection or the balanced detection. Performance was evaluated by referring to the Q factor, the bit error rate and the eye pattern diagrams using Optisystem 9.0.
Attack-Aware Dynamic Upstream Bandwidth Assignment Scheme for Passive Optical Network
Authors: Butt Rizwan Aslam , Faheem M. , Ashraf M. Waqar , Khawaja Attaullah , Raza Basit
Published: September 2019

Network security is an important component of today’s networks to combat the security attacks. The passive optical network (PON) works at the medium access layer (MAC). A distributed denial of service (DDOS) attack may be launched from the network and transport layers of an Optical Network unit (ONU). Although there are various security techniques to mitigate its impact, however, these techniques cannot mitigate the impact on the MAC Layer of the PON and can cause an ONU to continuously drain too much bandwidth. This will result in reduced bandwidth availability to other ONUs and, thus, causing an increase in US delays and delay variance. In this work we argue that the impact of a DDOS attack can be mitigated by improving the Dynamic bandwidth assignment (DBA) scheme which is used in PON to manage the US bandwidth at the optical line terminal (OLT). The present DBA schemes do not have the capability to combat a security attack. Thus, this study, uses a machine learning approach to learn the ONU traffic demand patterns and presents a security aware DBA (SA-DBA) scheme that detects a rogue (attacker) ONU from its traffic demand pattern and limits its illegitimate bandwidth demand and only allows it the bandwidth assignment to it as per the agreed service level agreement (SLA). The simulation results show that the SA-DBA scheme results in up to 53%, 55% and 90% reduced US delays and up to 84%, 76% and 95% reduced US delay variance of T2, T3 and T4 traffic classes compared to existing insecure DBA schemes.
A Case for the Primacy of the Ontological Principle
Authors: Maciel Otávio S. R. D.
Published: September 2019

This paper aims at the construction of a structural coupling between object-oriented philosophy and Whitehead’s philosophy of organism by making a case for the primacy of the ontological principle through the proposal of a social object hypothesis. The social object here differs from traditional renderings of sociology, which are centered on humans’ activity and personalities, by way of recuperating Tarde’s social theory of associations. This theory provides us with a non-anthropocentric reading of sociality. This hypothesis will be furthered by the introduction of the systemic category of internal/external, or system/environment, as a self-enclosure feature of social objects. Equipped with these two notions, we will discuss Graham Harman’s paper “Whitehead and Schools X, Y, and Z,” while rerouting his assessments to our own social object hypothesis. The final idea is to propose an alliance through the conception of a macro-ontological approach to philosophy of organism. We intend to show that this is not only coherently feasible regarding Whitehead’s own categoreal scheme, but also meets the requirements of being a real object in object-oriented ontology’s directives.
The Event of Faith: The Transformation of Philosophy by Theology in Rudolf Bultmann
Authors: Deketelaere Nikolaas
Published: September 2019

This article suggests that Rudolf Bultmann can be seen to reconfigure Heidegger’s understanding of the relationship between philosophy and theology in terms of a transformation of philosophy by theology. In that sense, though Bultmann is often understood to be in line with the early Heidegger on this issue, it seeks to think with Bultmann beyond Heidegger by showing how Bultmann’s theology, precisely as theology, can be used to address critiques (articulated by contemporary French phenomenologists) of Heidegger’s understanding of the related notions of possibility and event. In doing so, it will become evident that, although he himself sets up his understanding of the relationship between philosophy and theology as fitting Heidegger’s broader methodological framework, we can nevertheless find in Bultmann the keys to the thinking of philosophy in relation to theology in terms of the transformation of one by the other that this article seeks to develop.
Teaching semantics and skills for human-robot collaboration
Authors: Angleraud Alexandre , Houbre Quentin , Pieters Roel
Published: September 2019

Recent advances in robotics allow for collaboration between humans and machines in performing tasks at home or in industrial settings without harming the life of the user. While humans can easily adapt to each other and work in team, it is not as trivial for robots. In their case, interaction skills typically come at the cost of extensive programming and teaching. Besides, understanding the semantics of a task is necessary to work efficiently and react to changes in the task execution process. As a result, in order to achieve seamless collaboration, appropriate reasoning, learning skills and interaction capabilities are needed. For us humans, a cornerstone of our communication is language that we use to teach, coordinate and communicate. In this paper we thus propose a system allowing (i) to teach new action semantics based on the already available knowledge and (ii) to use natural language communication to resolve ambiguities that could arise while giving commands to the robot. Reasoning then allows new skills to be performed either autonomously or in collaboration with a human. Teaching occurs through a web application and motions are learned with physical demonstration of the robotic arm. We demonstrate the utility of our system in two scenarios and reflect upon the challenges that it introduces.
Hydrogen bonding in lead uranyl oxide mineral sayrite
Authors: Plášil Jakub
Published: September 2019

The hydrogen bonding in the structure of the lead uranyl-oxide mineral sayrite has been refined and described directly from XRD data for the first time. Sayrite is monoclinic, a = 10.6925(4), b = 6.9593(2), c = 13.6035(5) Å, β = 107.680(3), with V = 964.46(6) Å3, and Z = 2, space group P 21/n. The structure has been refined to an R = 2.34% based on 2252 unique [I > 3σI] reflections. Sayrite possesses a layered structure with the uranyl-hydroxo-oxide sheets of the topology characterized by the topology symbol P4(UD)8R5. Between adjacent sheets, there are Pb2+ cations and molecular H2O. All H2O groups in sayrite belong to non-transformer groups, which distribute bond-valence from equally from all the cationic parts of the structure to anions. The structural formula of sayrite is Pb2(H2
[4]O)4[(UO2)5O6(OH)2].
НАУКОВІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ
Authors: MARCHENKOV Sergey
Published: September 2019

У статті репрезентується проблема наукових аспектів формування інформаційно-аналітичної компетентності майбутніх офіцерів. Дано аналіз концептуальних положень аналітичних компетенцій, ураховуючи методологічні підходи та принципи організації інформаційно-аналітичної діяльності в  науковій літературіі. Визначено провідні аспекти формування інформаційно-аналітичної компетентності в майбутніх офіцерів.
ХУДОЖНЬО-ПРОЕКТНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК ПРОВІДНИЙ ЗАСІБ РОЗВИТКУ ТВОРЧИХ ЗДІБНОСТЕЙ МАЙБУТНІХ ДИЗАЙНЕРІВ
Authors: TIMCHENKO Marina
Published: September 2019

У статті репрезентується проблема розвитку творчих здібностей; акцентується увага на необхідності розвитку індивідуальної творчості в майбутніх дизайнерів; здійснено аналіз художньо-проектної діяльності як прогресивного методу розвитку творчих здібностей майбутніх фахівців у сфері дизайну; наголошується на важливості розвиту творчих здібностей майбутніх дизайнерів у процесі їх фахової підготовки.
РОЛЬ МАЙСТРА ВИРОБНИЧОГО НАВЧАННЯ У ФОРМУВАННІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ МОБІЛЬНОСТІ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ФАХІВЦЯ
Authors: TSAREVA Evelina
Published: September 2019

У статті здійснено аналіз різноманітних підходів до визначення сутності поняття “професійна мобільність”. Висвітлено роль професійної мобільності у кар’єрному зростанні майбутніх кваліфікованих робітників. Зроблено висновок про те, що провідну роль у формуванні професійної мобільності майбутніх фахівців відіграють майстри виробничого навчання, професійний розвиток яких забезпечує система методичної роботи закладу професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти. Подано основні форми методичної роботи (на прикладі Державного навчального закладу «Хмельницький центр професійно-технічної освіти сфери послуг») щодо професійного розвитку майстрів виробничого навчання з метою забезпечення формування професійної мобільності майбутніх фахівців сфери послуг.
Extracting Subregular constraints from Regular stringsets
Authors: Rogers James , Lambert Dakotah
Published: September 2019

We introduce algorithms that, given a Finite-State Automaton (FSA), compute a minimal set of forbidden local factors that define a Strictly Local (SL) tight approximation of the stringset recognised by the FSA and the set of forbidden piecewise factors that define a Strictly Piecewise (SP) tight approximation of that stringset, as well as a set of co-SL factors that, together with the SL and SP factors provide a set of purely conjunctive literal constraints defining a minimal superset of the stringset recognised by the automaton.Using these, we have built computational tools that have allowed us to reproduce, by nearly purely computational means, the work of Rogers and his co-workers (Rogers et al. 2012) in which, using a mix of computational and analytical techniques, they completely characterised, with respect to the Local and Piecewise Subregular hierarchies, the constraints on the distribution of stress in human languages that are documented in the StressTyp2 database.Our focus, in this paper, is on the algorithms and the method of their application. The phonology of stress patterns is a particularly good domain of application since, as we show here, they generally fall at the very lowest levels of complexity. We discuss these phonological results here, but do not consider their consequences in depth.
Learning cross-lingual phonological and orthagraphic adaptations: a case study in improving neural machine translation between low-resource languages
Authors: Jha Saurav , Sudhakar Akhilesh , Singh Anil Kumar
Published: September 2019

Out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words can pose serious challenges for machine translation (MT) tasks, and in particular, for low-resource language (LRL) pairs, i.e., language pairs for which few or no parallel corpora exist. Our work adapts variants of seq2seq models to perform transduction of such words from Hindi to Bhojpuri (an LRL instance), learning from a set of cognate pairs built from a bilingual dictionary of Hindi - Bhojpuri words. We demonstrate that our models can be effectively used for language pairs that have limited parallel corpora; our models work at the character level to grasp phonetic and orthographic similarities across multiple types of word adaptations, whether synchronic or diachronic, loan words or cognates. We describe the training aspects of several character level NMT systems that we adapted to this task and characterize their typical errors. Our method improves BLEU score by 6.3 on the Hindi-to-Bhojpuri translation task. Further, we show that such transductions can generalize well to other languages by applying it successfully to Hindi - Bangla cognate pairs. Our work can be seen as an important step in the process of: (i) resolving the OOV words problem arising in MT tasks; (ii) creating effective parallel corpora for resource constrained languages; and (iii) leveraging the enhanced semantic knowledge captured by word-level embeddings to perform character-level tasks.
Organochlorine pesticides residues in commercial milk: a systematic review
Authors: Rêgo Isabella Clarissa Vasconcelos , Dos Santos Greice Nara Viana , Dos Santos Greice Nivea Viana , Ribeiro Joseph Simões , Lopes Ruy Bessa , Dos Santos Soraia Baia , De Sousa Alessandra , Mendes Rosivaldo De Alcântara , Taketomi Aliza Thieko Fernandes , Vasconcelos Arthur Abinader , Taube Paulo Sérgio
Published: September 2019

Milk is a very important food for human consumption, mainly due to its content of fat, protein, vitamins and minerals.  However, the use of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) for decades has contaminated the soil, water and air, and thus has also contaminated the milk.  In this sense, in the present work a review of scientific articles was carried out, between the years 2000 and 2018, related to the evaluation of the degree of contamination of different types of milk by OCPs in different regions of the world. As a result, it was observed that although OCPs have been banned for use in agriculture since the 1980s, these compounds or their metabolites have still been detected in many samples, and in some cases the levels were above the maximum allowed by the World Health Organization.  In addition, most of the samples presented contamination, which makes them a great risk to human health due to their bioaccumulation.
VIH/SIDA: una mirada a las percepciones de quien vive con el diagnóstico
Authors: Maciel Karine Lemos , Milbrath Viviane Marten , Irmgard Bärtschi Gabatz Ruth , Freitag Vera Lucia , Souza da Silva Manoella , Alves dos Santos Bruna
Published: September 2019

Introducción: Recibir el diagnóstico de una condición crónica se considera un momento significativo y crítico en la vida de la persona. Objetivo: Conocer el impacto que causa el diagnóstico del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana en la vida de las personas afectadas. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación cualitativa desarrollada en un Servicio de Atención Especializada de un municipio al sur de Brasil, realizada con 10 pacientes. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una entrevista y se interpretaron con base en un análisis temático. Resultados: Se observó que el impacto inicial del diagnóstico del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana se percibe como una sentencia de muerte para quien lo recibe. Por otro lado, cuando las personas pasan a convivir con el virus necesitan adaptar sus rutinas y también adoptan nuevas perspectivas frente a sus relaciones con los otros. Discusión: El impacto del virus va más allá del diagnóstico, pues está relacionado con las vivencias de estigma, prejuicios y aislamiento social de la persona. Entonces, es imprescindible que los profesionales de la salud estén preparados para comunicar y ayudar en el diagnóstico y en la vivencia de la persona portadora del virus. Conclusiones: Los cuidados que se le ofrecen a las personas portadoras del virus se deben proporcionar de forma integral, enfocándose en mejorar su calidad de vida, por lo que la atención multiprofesional resulta imprescindible para alcanzar la integralidad y efectividad de las acciones de la salud. Como citar este artículo: Maciel k, Milbrath V, Gabatz R, Freitag V, Silva M, Santos B. HIV/AIDS: um olhar sobre as percepções de quem vive com o diagnóstico. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e638. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.638
Manejo no farmacológico del dolor en la atención del parto: experiencia desde las prácticas formativas
Authors: Jaimes Valencia Mary Luz , Pereira Moreno Daniela , Pedraza Acosta Alexandra Jimena , Carvajal Cárdenas Karol Xiomara , Mejía Rondón Fredy José , Aparicio Díaz Laura Andrea , Robles Carreño Martha Isabel
Published: September 2019

Introducción: Describir las percepciones del estudiante de enfermería de una universidad privada, sobre la experiencia en la aplicación de las medidas no farmacológicas para el manejo del dolor en la atención del parto en el componente teórico y práctico. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación cualitativa, con técnica de grupo focal, se utilizó entrevista semiestructurada y se organizaron dos grupos focales en el que participación 16 estudiantes de los cursos de V a VIII semestre matriculados durante el primer periodo del 2018. Resultados: De los participantes, el 62.5% fueron mujeres y el 37.5% fueron hombres, la edad promedio fue 24.4 años (6.6%). Del análisis de las narrativas del grupo focal emergieron 2 categorías y 10 subcategorías definitivas: dentro de las categorías se destaca que los participantes identifican medidas no farmacológicas que se presentan en el componente teórico, pero no todas se logran realizar en los escenarios de práctica formativa, también surge inquietudes respecto a los mínimos insumos requeridos para conformar un kit para la realización de las medidas no farmacológicas para el manejo del dolor. Discusión: A partir de los artículos investigados y el análisis realizado varios autores definen diferentes medidas no farmacológicas que son aplicables a la materna siendo estas efectivas y las cuales los estudiantes de enfermería aplican en su mayoría teniendo como resultado aspectos positivos y a mejorar. Conclusiones: En general todos los participantes reconocen la importancia del uso de las medidas no farmacológicas para el manejo del dolor en la gestante durante la atención del parto, e identifican que estas medidas disminuyen la intensidad del dolor, ayudan disminuir el tiempo del trabajo de parto, y facilita la comunicación entre el personal de enfermería y la gestante.
Como citar este artículo: Jaimes ML, Pereira D, Pedraza AJ, Carvajal KX, Mejía FJ, Aparicio LA, et al. Manejo no farmacológico del dolor en la atención del parto: experiencia desde las prácticas formativas. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e667. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.667