bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Quadrature of Trimmed Finite Elements and Cells Based on Bezier Approximation
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Farhad , Gorji Mahan , Garhuom Wadhah , Düster Alexander
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a new boundary-conforming adaptive method for the numerical integration of trimmed elements is presented. The locations and weights of new integration points are determined based on special mapping formulations. The prerequisite of this technique is to describe the trimming curves/surfaces by parametric Bezier curves/surfaces within the parent element domain. The fitting error is under control, therefore the number of quadrature points for exact integration can be adjusted automatically based on the complexity of trimming curve and the corresponding integrand. The proposed method can be easily implemented into fictitious domain approaches. Different integration tasks as well as structural examples reveal that the proposed method delivers accurate and robust solutions for a wide variety of 2D/3D geometries with a rather low number of integration points.
Semantic segmentation of pyramidal neuron skeletons using geometric deep learning
Authors: Li Lanlan , Qi Jing , Geng Yi , Wu Jingpeng
Published: July 2023

Neurons can be abstractly represented as skeletons due to the filament nature of neurites. With the rapid development of imaging and image analysis techniques, an increasing amount of neuron skeleton data is being produced. In some scientific studies, it is necessary to dissect the axons and dendrites, which is typically done manually and is both tedious and time-consuming. To automate this process, we have developed a method that relies solely on neuronal skeletons using Geometric Deep Learning (GDL). We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method using pyramidal neurons in mammalian brains, and the results are promising for its application in neuroscience studies.
On the number of isolate dominating sets of certain graphs
Authors: Ghanbari Nima , Alikhani Saeid
Published: July 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a simple graph. A dominating set of [Formula: see text] is a subset [Formula: see text] such that every vertex not in [Formula: see text] is adjacent to at least one vertex in [Formula: see text]. The cardinality of a smallest dominating set of [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is the domination number of [Formula: see text]. A dominating set [Formula: see text] is an isolate dominating set of [Formula: see text], if the induced subgraph [Formula: see text] has at least one isolated vertex. The isolate domination number, [Formula: see text], is the minimum cardinality of an isolate dominating set of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we count the number of isolate dominating sets of some specific graphs.
Spectral properties of the Rhaly operator on weighted null sequence spaces and associated operator ideals
Authors: Patra Arnab , Rani Jyoti , Kumar Mahto Sanjay
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a comprehensive study is made on the continuity, compactness, and spectrum of the lower triangular terraced matrix, introduced by Rhaly [[Formula: see text]-Cesaro matrices, Houston J. Math. 15(1) (1989) 137–46], acting on the weighted null sequence spaces with bounded, strictly positive weights. Several spectral subdivisions such as point spectrum, residual spectrum, and continuous spectrum are also discussed. In addition, a new class of operator ideal [Formula: see text] associated to the Rhaly operator on weighted [Formula: see text] space is defined using the concept of [Formula: see text]-number and it is proved that under certain condition, [Formula: see text] forms a quasi-Banach closed operator ideal.
Padmakar–Ivan index of some families of graphs
Authors: Kavaskar T. , Vinothkumar K.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we obtain the vertex Padmakar–Ivan index of [Formula: see text]-generalized join of graphs. As a consequence, we find the vertex Padmakar–Ivan index of the lexicographic product of graphs, the ideal-based zero-divisor graph and the zero-divisor graph of rings. In addition, we obtain the vertex Padmakar–Ivan index of the ideal-based zero-divisor graph and the zero-divisor graph of the ring of integers modulo [Formula: see text].
Fine-Tuning of the Electronic and Optical Properties of Dodecabenzocoronene through Boron and Nitrogen Doping: A DFT Insight
Authors: Sarfaraz Sehrish , Lakhani Ahmed , Hussain Riaz , Ayub Khurshid
Published: July 2023

Nanographene provides a wide range of possibilities in graphene engineering for future applications due to the higher degrees of configurational freedom with the electronic parameters that may also be continuous or discrete, depending on the intended application. Therefore, the optical and electronic properties of nanographene are of substantial technological interest. Moreover, doping of graphene with heteroatoms (B, P, N, and S, etc.) alters their chemical and electronic characteristics which are suitable for the economical construction of optoelectronic devices. Herein, geometric, electronic, and optical properties of nanographene are evaluated as a function of the nature and position of dopant. Three different nanographene including coronene, hexabenzocoronene (HBC), and dodecabenzocoronene (DBC) are considered for doping (N and B as dopants) in this study with the key focus on DBC-doped systems. For any dopant number, all possible dopant sites are studied except edge position in order to avoid the edge effect. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis is performed to evaluate the perturbations in electronic characteristics of doped nanographene. A decrease in energy gap is seen for all doped systems. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis indicates that doping of boron (B) and nitrogen (N) results in variation in distribution of charges over the nanographene surfaces. The density of states (DOS) analysis reveals that Fermi level ([Formula: see text] is shifted for all B- and N-doped systems. The UV-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra are computed to evaluate the changes in the intensity and maximum adsorption wavelength ([Formula: see text] in all doped DBC. Various chemical reactivity descriptors are also evaluated which reveal the degree of stability and chemical reactivity of doped systems. The results indicate that multiple B and N atoms doping offers a new possibility for fine-tuning of electronic and optical properties of nanographene at atomic level, thus providing guidance in development of future advanced optoelectronic devices.
The explicit solution of a class of higher order impulsive fractional differential equation involving Hadamard fractional derivative
Authors: Yang Pinghua , Yang Rongling
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we obtain the explicit solution of a class of singular impulsive fractional differential equation of order [Formula: see text] involving the Hadamard fractional derivatives. In particular, the result is given in the form of necessary and sufficient conditions about the explicit solution. The proof of the main theorem is obtained by converting boundary value problems into integral equations and applying analytical techniques. Finally, some examples explain the application of the main theorem in this paper.
Investigating the Security of EV Charging Mobile Applications as an Attack Surface
Authors: Sarieddine Khaled , Sayed Mohammad Ali , Torabi Sadegh , Atallah Ribal , Assi Chadi
Published: July 2023

The adoption rate of EVs has witnessed a significant increase in recent years driven by multiple factors, chief among which is the increased flexibility and ease of access to charging infrastructure. To improve user experience and increase system flexibility, mobile applications have been incorporated into the EV charging ecosystem. EV charging mobile applications allow consumers to remotely trigger actions on charging stations and use functionalities such as start/stop charging sessions, pay for usage, and locate charging stations, to name a few. In this article, we study the security posture of the EV charging ecosystem against a new type of remote that exploits vulnerabilities in the EV charging mobile applications as an attack surface. We leverage a combination of static and dynamic analysis techniques to analyze the security of widely used EV charging mobile applications. Our analysis was performed on 31 of the most widely used mobile applications including their interactions with various components such as cloud management systems. The attack scenarios that exploit these vulnerabilities were verified on a real-time co-simulation test bed. Our discoveries indicate the lack of user/vehicle verification and improper authorization for critical functions, which allow adversaries to remotely hijack charging sessions and launch attacks against the connected critical infrastructure. The attacks were demonstrated using the EVCS mobile applications showing the feasibility and the applicability of our attacks. Indeed, we discuss specific remote attack scenarios and their impact on EV users. More importantly, our analysis results demonstrate the feasibility of leveraging existing vulnerabilities across various EV charging mobile applications to perform wide-scale coordinated remote charging/discharging attacks against the connected critical infrastructure (e.g., power grid), with significant economical and operational implications. Finally, we propose countermeasures to secure the infrastructure and impede adversaries from performing reconnaissance and launching remote attacks using compromised accounts.
Exploiting Conversation-Branch-Tweet HyperGraph Structure to Detect Misinformation on Social Media
Authors: Li Fangfang , Liu Zhi , Duan Junwen , Mao Xingliang , Shi Heyuan , Zhang Shichao
Published: July 2023

The spread of misinformation on social media is a serious issue that can have negative consequences for public health and political stability. While detecting and identifying misinformation can be challenging, many attempts have been made to address this problem. However, traditional models that focus on pairwise relationships on misinformation propagation paths may not be effective in capturing the underlying connections among multiple tweets. To address this limitation, the proposed “Conversation-Branch-Tweet” hypergraph convolutional network (CBT-HGCN) uses a hypergraph to represent the internal structure and content of tweet data, with tweets and their replies viewed as nodes and hyperedges, respectively. The model first pre-processes the tweets of a conversation and then uses a pre-trained model as an encoder to extract node information. Finally, a hypergraph convolution network is used as an information fuser for classification. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets (Twitter15, Twitter16, and Pheme) show that the proposed model outperforms several strong baseline models and achieves state-of-the-art performance. This indicates that the CBT-HGCN approach is effective in detecting and identifying misinformation on social media by capturing the underlying connections among multiple tweets.
Simple Synthesis and Characterization of Ball Milled SiOx for Use as a Negative Electrode Material
Authors: Dressler R. A. , Dahn J. R.
Published: July 2023

SiOxis an attractive anode material given its high specific capacity and its increased lifetime due to its supporting matrix of lithium silicates irreversibly formed during its first lithiation. While SiOxis normally created by simultaneous evaporation and vapor deposition of Si and SiO2powders, this can be very difficult and energy consuming method. It is shown here that SiOxwith controlled oxygen content can be made by ball milling crystalline silicon powder in an oxidizing medium using two different milling techniques. To characterize the SiOxpowders, oxygen content is quantified using a KOH-based method and BET surface area is measured. Electrochemical testing using coin cells is completed and the results are compared to commercially available SiO samples. The results show that SiOxwith competitive properties can be made by ball milling. Further work is required to reduce the specific surface area of the material made by ball milling.
Ageing of High Energy Density Automotive Li-Ion Batteries: The Effect of Temperature and State-of-Charge
Authors: Mikheenkova Anastasiia , Smith Alexander J. , Frenander Kristian B. , Tesfamhret Yonas , Chowdhury Niladri Roy , Tai Cheuk-Wai , Thiringer Torbjörn , Lindström Rakel Wreland , Hahlin Maria , Lacey Matthew J.
Published: July 2023

Lithium ion batteries (LIB) have become a cornerstone of the shift to electric transportation. In an attempt to decrease the production load and prolong battery life, understanding different degradation mechanisms in state-of-the-art LIBs is essential. Here, we analyze how operational temperature and state-of-charge (SoC) range in cycling influence the ageing of automotive grade 21700 batteries, extracted from a Tesla 3 long Range 2018 battery pack with positive electrode containing LiNixCoyAlzO2 (NCA) and negative electrode containing SiOx-C. In the given study we use a combination of electrochemical and material analysis to understand degradation sources in the cell. Herein we show that loss of lithium inventory is the main degradation mode in the cells, with loss of material on the negative electrode as there is a significant contributor when cycled in the low SoC range. Degradation of NCA dominates at elevated temperatures with combination of cycling to high SoC (beyond 50%).
Phase Transformation and Electrochemical Feature of an AB4-Type La0.60Sm0.20Mg0.20Ni3.50Al0.20 Hydrogen Storage Alloy for Ni/MH Batteries
Authors: Lu Hang , Guo Yanan , Wang Qing , Zhang Anyi , Li Yuan , Xi Ning , Zhu Xiaomei , Han Shumin , Zhang Lu
Published: July 2023

La–Mg–Ni-based alloys with a novel AB4-type superlattice structure is supposed as potential anode materials for nickel metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries due to the excellent discharge ability at high rates and long cycling life. However, it is still challenging to achieve high phase content of the AB4-type structure during annealing due to the complex peritectic reaction of virous superlattice structures. Herein, we study the phase transformation of the AB4-type structure upon annealing and elucidate its effect on electrochemical characteristics based on a La0.60Sm0.20Mg0.20Ni3.50Al0.20 alloy. It is found that the AB4-type phase forms between 970 °C–1000 °C by a peritectic reaction of A5B19- and CaCu5-type phases. The existence of AB4-type phase drives the alloy a higher discharge capacity of 366 mAh g–1 at 60 mA g–1, and 135 mAh g–1 at 1800 mA g–1 owing to the advantages of charge transfer and hydrogen diffusion. Moreover, high capacity retentions of 88.7% and 79.3% at the 100th and 200th cycles are respectively achieved. Besides, the alloy with the AB4-type phase shows improved tolerance at a low temperature of –40 °C. We expect that our finding can provide guidance for developing AB4-type hydrogen storage alloy for Ni/MH.
Palladium Nanoparticles Grown by Using Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction Method: Ethanol Electrooxidation and Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Studies
Authors: Vyas Akshay Nandkishor , Ambekar Jalindar Dnyandeo , Kale Bharat Bhanudas , Sartale Shrikrishna Dattatraya
Published: July 2023

A facile wet chemical method namely successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) is implemented to grow palladium nanoparticles on graphite substrate. The grown Pd nanoparticles are successfully applied for electrooxidation of ethanol in alkaline solution. The electrocatalytic activity of grown Pd nanoparticles is studied by performing cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. Electrooxidation of ethanol by Pd nanoparticles is shown to be affected by growth parameters such as precursor concentration and number of SILAR growth cycles. Excessive growth of Pd nanoparticles due to large number of SILAR growth cycles shifts the pattern of cyclic voltammograms from period-one cyclic voltammograms to high order periodic/aperiodic cyclic voltammograms. Pd nanoparticles are also grown on gold coated quartz crystal and implemented to track any mass changes that occur during electrochemical surface oxidation/reduction over Pd nanoparticles, with and without ethanol in alkaline solution. To measure the mass changes occurring during CV measurements electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) is implemented in situ along with potential scanning.
Croatian Diaspora as a Potential Tourist Market: The Case of Canada
Authors:   Edward Bernays University of Applied Sciences, Zagreb, Peručić Doris , Greblički Marijana ,   Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences, Zagreb, Beljo Adrian ,   Edward Bernays University of Applied Sciences, Zagreb
Published: July 2023

Diaspora members feel a strong connection to their homeland. Their motivations for travel in the homeland range from visiting the homeland, relatives, and friends, searching for their “roots”, attending important national and religious holidays, conferences and educational programmes to using health services, visiting tourist attractions and having a holiday. This research study aims to identify and analyse the personal motives of the Croatian diaspora residing in Canada for visiting and revisiting the homeland, their socio-demographic profile, travel characteristics, tourism experience and future travel intentions. The empirical research was conducted among members of the Croatian Canadian community. It is based on an online survey conducted from January to March 2022. The findings show that Croatian Canadians are an attractive market segment for diaspora tourism. The primary motives for travelling to Croatia are associated with visiting family and friends, visiting the homeland, and going on a beachside holiday. For the emigrant population, nostalgia/homesickness is the other crucial motive for travelling to Croatia, while for their descendants, it is sightseeing/visiting tourist attractions. Respondents born in Canada are more satisfied with tourism development than those born in Croatia. More than 80% of Croatian diaspora residing in Canada are definitely planning to visit or revisit their homeland in the future. The article provides new insights into the motivation and behaviour of Croatian Canadians as potential tourists visiting Croatia, which is insufficiently researched in tourism literature. It enables a better understanding of the unique characteristics and nature of the travels of diaspora members of two generational groups, which facilitates decision-makers to adapt to their needs. The study provides guidance for improved management of diaspora tourism.
Supplementary Tables from A Bispecific γδ T-cell Engager Targeting EGFR Activates a Potent Vγ9Vδ2 T cell–Mediated Immune Response against EGFR-Expressing Tumors
Authors: King Lisa A. , Toffoli Elisa C. , Veth Myrthe , Iglesias-Guimarais Victoria , Slot Manon C. , Amsen Derk , van de Ven Rieneke , Derks Sarah , Fransen Marieke F. , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , Riedl Thilo , Roovers Rob C. , Adang Anton E.P. , Ruben Jurjen M. , Parren Paul W.H.I. , de Gruijl Tanja D. , van der Vliet Hans J.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary tables 1-6
Supplementary Figures from Clec4A4 Acts as a Negative Immune Checkpoint Regulator to Suppress Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Uto Tomofumi , Fukaya Tomohiro , Mitoma Shuya , Nishikawa Yotaro , Tominaga Moe , Choijookhuu Narantsog , Hishikawa Yoshitaka , Sato Katsuaki
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figures
Supplementary Figures from A Bispecific γδ T-cell Engager Targeting EGFR Activates a Potent Vγ9Vδ2 T cell–Mediated Immune Response against EGFR-Expressing Tumors
Authors: King Lisa A. , Toffoli Elisa C. , Veth Myrthe , Iglesias-Guimarais Victoria , Slot Manon C. , Amsen Derk , van de Ven Rieneke , Derks Sarah , Fransen Marieke F. , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , Riedl Thilo , Roovers Rob C. , Adang Anton E.P. , Ruben Jurjen M. , Parren Paul W.H.I. , de Gruijl Tanja D. , van der Vliet Hans J.
Published: July 2023

Figures S1-9
Supplementary Table S2 from AXL Inhibition Improves the Antitumor Activity of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells
Authors: Sakemura R. Leo , Hefazi Mehrdad , Cox Michelle J. , Siegler Elizabeth L. , Sinha Sutapa , Hansen Michael J. , Stewart Carli M. , Feigin Jennifer M. , Manriquez Roman Claudia , Schick Kendall J. , Can Ismail , Tapper Erin E. , Horvei Paulina , Adada Mohamad M. , Bezerra Evandro D. , Kankeu Fonkoua Lionel Aurelien , Ruff Michael W. , Forsman Cynthia L. , Nevala Wendy K. , Boysen Justin C. , Tschumper Renee C. , Grand Cory L. , Kuchimanchi Kameswara R. , Mouritsen Lars , Foulks Jason M. , Warner Steven L. , Call Timothy G. , Parikh Sameer A. , Ding Wei , Kay Neil E. , Kenderian Saad S.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Table S2
Supplementary Figures from AXL Inhibition Improves the Antitumor Activity of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells
Authors: Sakemura R. Leo , Hefazi Mehrdad , Cox Michelle J. , Siegler Elizabeth L. , Sinha Sutapa , Hansen Michael J. , Stewart Carli M. , Feigin Jennifer M. , Manriquez Roman Claudia , Schick Kendall J. , Can Ismail , Tapper Erin E. , Horvei Paulina , Adada Mohamad M. , Bezerra Evandro D. , Kankeu Fonkoua Lionel Aurelien , Ruff Michael W. , Forsman Cynthia L. , Nevala Wendy K. , Boysen Justin C. , Tschumper Renee C. , Grand Cory L. , Kuchimanchi Kameswara R. , Mouritsen Lars , Foulks Jason M. , Warner Steven L. , Call Timothy G. , Parikh Sameer A. , Ding Wei , Kay Neil E. , Kenderian Saad S.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figures S1-S17
Data from A bispecific γδ T-cell engager targeting EGFR activates a potent Vγ9Vδ2 T cell–mediated immune response against EGFR-expressing tumors
Authors: King Lisa A. , Toffoli Elisa C. , Veth Myrthe , Iglesias-Guimarais Victoria , Slot Manon C. , Amsen Derk , van de Ven Rieneke , Derks Sarah , Fransen Marieke F. , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , Riedl Thilo , Roovers Rob C. , Adang Anton E.P. , Ruben Jurjen M. , Parren Paul W.H.I. , de Gruijl Tanja D. , van der Vliet Hans J.
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are effector cells with proven antitumor efficacy against a broad range of cancers. This study aimed to assess the antitumor activity and safety of a bispecific antibody directing Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to EGFR-expressing tumors. An EGFR-Vδ2 bispecific T-cell engager (bsTCE) was generated and its capacity to activate Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and trigger antitumor activity were tested in multiple in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models. Studies to explore safety were conducted using cross-reactive surrogate engagers in non-human primates (NHP). We found that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells from peripheral blood and tumor specimens of patients with EGFR+ cancers had a distinct immune checkpoint expression profile characterized by low levels of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could be activated by EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs to mediate lysis of various EGFR+ patient-derived tumor samples and substantial tumor growth inhibition and improved survival were observed in in vivo xenograft mouse models using PBMCs as effector cells. EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs exerted preferential activity towards EGFR+ tumor cells and induced downstream activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells without concomitant activation of suppressive regulatory T cells observed with EGFR-CD3 bsTCEs. Administration of fully cross-reactive and half-life extended surrogate engagers to NHPs did not trigger signals in the safety parameters that were assessed. Considering the effector and immune-activating properties of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, the preclinical efficacy data and acceptable safety profile reported here provide a solid basis for testing EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs in patients with EGFR+ malignancies.
Data from A Bispecific γδ T-cell Engager Targeting EGFR Activates a Potent Vγ9Vδ2 T cell–Mediated Immune Response against EGFR-Expressing Tumors
Authors: King Lisa A. , Toffoli Elisa C. , Veth Myrthe , Iglesias-Guimarais Victoria , Slot Manon C. , Amsen Derk , van de Ven Rieneke , Derks Sarah , Fransen Marieke F. , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , Riedl Thilo , Roovers Rob C. , Adang Anton E.P. , Ruben Jurjen M. , Parren Paul W.H.I. , de Gruijl Tanja D. , van der Vliet Hans J.
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are effector cells with proven antitumor efficacy against a broad range of cancers. This study aimed to assess the antitumor activity and safety of a bispecific antibody directing Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to EGFR-expressing tumors. An EGFR-Vδ2 bispecific T-cell engager (bsTCE) was generated, and its capacity to activate Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and trigger antitumor activity was tested in multiple in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models. Studies to explore safety were conducted using cross-reactive surrogate engagers in nonhuman primates (NHP). We found that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells from peripheral blood and tumor specimens of patients with EGFR+ cancers had a distinct immune checkpoint expression profile characterized by low levels of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could be activated by EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs to mediate lysis of various EGFR+ patient–derived tumor samples, and substantial tumor growth inhibition and improved survival were observed in in vivo xenograft mouse models using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as effector cells. EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs exerted preferential activity toward EGFR+ tumor cells and induced downstream activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells without concomitant activation of suppressive regulatory T cells observed with EGFR-CD3 bsTCEs. Administration of fully cross-reactive and half-life extended surrogate engagers to NHPs did not trigger signals in the safety parameters that were assessed. Considering the effector and immune-activating properties of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, the preclinical efficacy data and acceptable safety profile reported here provide a solid basis for testing EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs in patients with EGFR+ malignancies.
Data from Clec4A4 Acts As A Negative Immune Checkpoint Regulator to Suppress Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Uto Tomofumi , Fukaya Tomohiro , Mitoma Shuya , Nishikawa Yotaro , Tominaga Moe , Choijookhuu Narantsog , Hishikawa Yoshitaka , Sato Katsuaki
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Clec4A4 is a C-type lectin receptor (CLR) exclusively expressed on murine conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) to regulate their activation status. However, the functional role of murine Clec4A4 (mClec4A4) in antitumor immunity remains unclear. Here, we show that mClec4A4 serves as a negative immune checkpoint regulator to impair antitumor immune responses. Deficiency of mClec4A4 lead to a reduction in tumor development, accompanied by enhanced antitumor immune responses and amelioration of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment mediated through the enforced activation of cDCs in tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, antagonistic monoclonal antibody (mAb) to human CLEC4A (hCLEC4A), which is the functional orthologue of mClec4A4, exerted protection against established tumors without any apparent signs of immune-related adverse events in hCLEC4A-transgenic mice. Thus, our findings highlight the critical role of mClec4A4 expressed on cDCs as a negative immune checkpoint molecule in the control of tumor progression and provide support for hCLEC4A as a potential target for immune checkpoint blockade in tumor immunotherapy.
Data from AXL inhibition improves the anti-tumor activity of chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: Sakemura R. Leo , Hefazi Mehrdad , Cox Michelle J. , Siegler Elizabeth L. , Sinha Sutapa , Hansen Michael J. , Stewart Carli M. , Feigin Jennifer M. , Manriquez Roman Claudia , Schick Kendall J. , Can Ismail , Tapper Erin E. , Horvei Paulina , Adada Mohamad M. , Bezerra Evandro D. , Kankeu Fonkoua Lionel Aurelien. , Ruff Michael W. , Forsman Cynthia L. , Nevala Wendy K. , Boysen Justin C. , Tschumper Renee C. , Grand Cory L. , Kuchimanchi Kamesh R. , Mouritsen Lars , Foulks Jason M. , Warner Steven L. , Call Timothy G. , Parikh Sameer A. , Ding Wei , Kay Neil E. , Kenderian Saad S.
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is a member of the TAM (Tyro3, AXL, and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Mer) family and plays pleiotropic roles in cancer progression. AXL is expressed in immunosuppressive cells, which contributes to decreased efficacy of immunotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that AXL inhibition could serve as a strategy to overcome resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T (CART)-cell therapy. To test this, we determined the impact of AXL inhibition on CD19-targeted CART (CART19)-cell functions. Our results demonstrate that T cells and CART cells express high levels of AXL. Specifically, higher levels of AXL on activated Th2 CART cells and M2-polarized macrophages were observed. AXL inhibition with small molecules or via genetic disruption in T cells demonstrated selective inhibition of Th2 CART cells, Th2 cytokines, reversal of CART-cell inhibition, and promotion of CART-cell effector functions. AXL inhibition is a novel strategy to enhance CART-cell functions through two independent, but complementary, mechanisms: targeting Th2 cells and reversing myeloid-induced CART-cell inhibition through selective targeting of M2-polarized macrophages.
Data from AXL Inhibition Improves the Antitumor Activity of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells
Authors: Sakemura R. Leo , Hefazi Mehrdad , Cox Michelle J. , Siegler Elizabeth L. , Sinha Sutapa , Hansen Michael J. , Stewart Carli M. , Feigin Jennifer M. , Manriquez Roman Claudia , Schick Kendall J. , Can Ismail , Tapper Erin E. , Horvei Paulina , Adada Mohamad M. , Bezerra Evandro D. , Kankeu Fonkoua Lionel Aurelien , Ruff Michael W. , Forsman Cynthia L. , Nevala Wendy K. , Boysen Justin C. , Tschumper Renee C. , Grand Cory L. , Kuchimanchi Kameswara R. , Mouritsen Lars , Foulks Jason M. , Warner Steven L. , Call Timothy G. , Parikh Sameer A. , Ding Wei , Kay Neil E. , Kenderian Saad S.
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is a member of the TYRO3, AXL, and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase MER family and plays pleiotropic roles in cancer progression. AXL is expressed in immunosuppressive cells, which contributes to decreased efficacy of immunotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that AXL inhibition could serve as a strategy to overcome resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T)–cell therapy. To test this, we determined the impact of AXL inhibition on CD19-targeted CAR T (CART19)–cell functions. Our results demonstrate that T cells and CAR T cells express high levels of AXL. Specifically, higher levels of AXL on activated Th2 CAR T cells and M2-polarized macrophages were observed. AXL inhibition with small molecules or via genetic disruption in T cells demonstrated selective inhibition of Th2 CAR T cells, reduction of Th2 cytokines, reversal of CAR T-cell inhibition, and promotion of CAR T-cell effector functions. AXL inhibition is a novel strategy to enhance CAR T-cell functions through two independent, but complementary, mechanisms: targeting Th2 cells and reversing myeloid-induced CAR T-cell inhibition through selective targeting of M2-polarized macrophages.
Concomitant Drug Use among Opioid-Dependent Patients with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Does Methylphenidate Merit a Trial?
Authors: Tschudi Letizia , Fischer Sebastian Karl Maximilian , Perlov Evgeniy , Baumgartner Markus R. , Soyka Michael , Müller Thomas Jörg , Seifritz Erich , Mutschler Jochen
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Concomitant drug use is common among opioid-dependent patients in maintenance therapy. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common comorbidity among opioid users, is associated with a higher risk of concomitant drug use. Earlier studies showed that methylphenidate (MPH) can reduce cocaine consumption among patients with ADHD. The use of MPH as an agonist-replacement or maintenance therapy in cocaine-dependent patients without ADHD is also common in Switzerland, despite a lack of supporting evidence. The aim of this study was to assess concomitant cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA, MPH, and heroin use among patients in opioid maintenance therapy either with or without comorbid ADHD. We expected stimulant consumption to be higher in patients with cocaine dependence and comorbid ADHD and that use of MPH would not lead to a reduction in cocaine consumption in patients without ADHD. We therefore evaluated correlations between use of MPH and cocaine consumption and between MPH consumption and cocaine craving within the two groups. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 94 opioid-dependent patients in maintenance therapy in an outpatient department of the Psychiatric Hospital of Zurich. The patients were divided into two groups based on comorbid ADHD; a group with ADHD (N = 27) and a group without ADHD (N = 67). Drug use was assessed using 3-month hair analysis. Results: We did not find significant differences in the number of patients using cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA, or heroin between groups with or without ADHD. With respect to cocaine use, 85.2 percent of patients in the ADHD group and 73.1 percent in the non-ADHD group were users. The non-ADHD group showed a significant positive correlation between the concentration of MPH and cocaine in hair samples (p < 0.05), and a positive correlation between cocaine craving and the concentration of MPH in hair samples (p = 0.065). These two trends were not evident in the ADHD group. Conclusion: Among patients without ADHD, use of MPH correlates with higher cocaine consumption and craving. Conversely, no significant correlation was found between MPH and cocaine use in patients with ADHD. Our study adds to the evidence that MPH confers negative effects in cocaine users without ADHD and should thus have no place in the treatment of these patients.
Papilomavírus humano (hpv) e o câncer cervical: o entendimento de universitárias da unidade descentralizada de Campos Sales – CE
Authors: Silva Valéria Rufino da , Lima Luciene Ferreira de
Published: July 2023

O vírus do papiloma humano (HPV) é o terceiro câncer mais comum no Brasil e o quarto tipo que mais mata mulheres. Este trabalho analisou a percepção de acadêmicas dos cursos de Biologia, Matemática e Letras, sobre o HPV e sua relação com o câncer cervical. Foi realizada a aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado para as universitárias com perguntas objetivas, onde se pode observar o nível de conhecimento das mesmas sobre o HPV e a relação do mesmo com o câncer cervical, e a importância do Exame Papanicolau. Os resultados demonstraram que as participantes têm vida sexual ativa e conhecem pouco as Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e seus riscos, sendo necessário a prática rotineira de consultas e dos exames ginecológicos.
Trends and Outcomes of Cardiogenic Shock in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease: Insights From USRDS Database
Authors: Dalia Tarun , Pothuru Suveenkrishna , Chan Wan-Chi , Mehta Harsh , Goyal Amandeep , Farhoud Hassan , Boda Ilham , Malhotra Anureet , Vidic Andrija , Rali Aniket S. , Hanff Thomas C. , Gupta Kamal , Fang James C. , Shah Zubair
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:

There is a paucity of data regarding epidemiology, temporal trends, and outcomes of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) and end-stage renal disease (chronic kidney disease stage V on hemodialysis).

METHODS:

This is a retrospective cohort study using the United States Renal Data System database from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2019. We analyzed trends of CS, percutaneous mechanical support (intraaortic balloon pump, percutaneous ventricular assist device [Impella and Tandemheart], and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) utilization, index mortality, 30-day mortality, and 1-year all-cause mortality in end-stage renal disease patients.

RESULTS:

A total of 43 825 end-stage renal disease patients were hospitalized with CS (median age, 67.8 years [IQR, 59.4–75.8] and 59.1% men). From 2006 to 2019, the incidence of CS increased from 275 to 578 per 100 000 patients (
P
trend
<0.001). The index mortality rate declined from 54.1% in 2006 to 40.8% in 2019 (
P
trend
=0.44), and the 1-year all-cause mortality decreased from 63% in 2006 to 61.8% in 2018 (
P
trend
=0.73), but neither trend was statistically significant. There was a significantly decreased utilization of intra-aortic balloon pumps from 17 832 to 7992 (
P
trend
<0.001), increased utilization of percutaneous ventricular assist device from 137 to 5201 (
P
trend
<0.001) and increase in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use from 69 to 904 per 100 000 patients (
P
trend
<0.001). After adjusting for covariates, there was no significant difference in index mortality between CS patients requiring percutaneous mechanical support versus those not requiring percutaneous mechanical support (odds ratio, 0.97 [CI, 0.91–1.02];
P
=0.22). On multivariable regression analysis, older age, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, and time on dialysis were independent predictors of higher index mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:

The incidence of CS in end-stage renal disease patients has doubled without significant change in the trend of index mortality despite the use of percutaneous mechanical support.
Studies on western Pacific gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia, Chrysogorgiidae). Part 1: a review of the genus Chrysogorgia, with description of a new genus and three new species
Authors: XU YU , ZHAN ZIFENG , XU KUIDONG
Published: July 2023

Members of Chrysogorgia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864, known as golden corals, are distributed in the deep sea worldwide. Based on specimens obtained from the tropical western Pacific and an integrated morphological-molecular approach, we established a new genus Parachrysogorgia, which includes 13 species separated from Chrysogorgia, and described nine species of Chrysogorgia including three new species C. arboriformis sp. nov., C. cylindrata sp. nov. and C. tenuis sp. nov., and two new combinations of Parachrysogorgia. The genus differs from Chrysogorgia by possessing a bare, sclerite-free area at the base of each tentacle and eight distinct projections beneath tentacles. Chrysogorgia cylindrata sp. nov. is distinguished by a slender bottlebrush-shaped colony in adults, elongate and lobed scales in coenenchyme, and warty and thick sclerites near the polyp mouth area. Chrysogorgia arboriformis sp. nov. is characterized by a tree-shaped colony with a long unbranched stem, slender and thin scales usually with large warts in coenenchyme. Chrysogorgia tenuis sp. nov. can be separated by a broad bottlebrush-shaped colony, long interbranch distance, elongate scales with broad lobes in polyp body wall. In contrast to the intraspecific variation of colony form, branch internodes, branching sequence and polyps, the sclerite forms and arrangement in different parts can be viewed as the most important character to separate Chrysogorgia species. For convenient identification, we divided the Chrysogorgia species into 12 morphological groups and divided Parachrysogorgia into three groups based on their sclerite forms and arrangement.
Emerging Trends of Cybernated Transactions in India: An Outlook Amidst Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Temani Vishnu Priya , Seth Shivangi
Published: July 2023

In Indian economy, the cashless transaction is not a new phenomenon. However, the pandemic gave a sizeable push in the endeavour to marginalise cash transactions. The objective of this article is to discover the actual impact of Covid-19 on the preferences of people while making transactions. For primary data collection, Google questionnaire was sent all over India to all age-groups. Respondents are from all types of socio-economic status. Graphical and tabulation approach was used as a data tool. In this research article, a comparative study has been done for analysis. It has been observed that when the cases of Covid-19 were on the rise in India, the digital mode of payment became a lifesaver as it not only eliminated the risk of social contact but also provided safety from leakage in the economy with better security as well as an easy and convenient way of transferring money.
Community-Engaged Pedagogy in the Psychology Classroom: Shelter Dogs go to College
Authors: Flaisher-Grinberg Shlomit
Published: July 2023

Background

Community-engaged pedagogy has the potential to benefit both students and the community.

Objective

The purpose of this project was to design a new undergraduate psychology course according to recommended community-engaged practices and to explore learning outcomes associated with it. The Canine Learning and Behavior (CLB) course, taught by faculty and community co-educators, offered undergraduate psychology students the opportunity to train shelter dogs and write shelter-specific grant applications.

Method

Learning outcomes were assessed via course grades and self-evaluation questions for students enrolled in the CLB ( n = 21) and in a comparably challenging Sensation and Perception (SnP, n = 47) course, taught within the same semesters by the same faculty instructor.

Results

In comparison to participation in the SnP course, participation in the CLB course was associated with higher content comprehension, confidence in and familiarity with relevant skills (i.e., dog training and grant writing), as well as awareness of and sense of responsibility to the needs of the community.

Conclusion

The employment of community-engaged pedagogy can benefit various stakeholders, including students, the community, and in this specific case, shelter dogs.

Teaching Implications

This proof-of-concept study may encourage psychology educators to integrate community-engaged pedagogy into their curriculum.
Evaluating the Language- and Culture-Related Construct-Irrelevant Variance and Reliability of the Sense of School Belonging Scale: Suggestions for Revision
Authors: Huang Jinyan , Dong Yaxin , Han Chunwei , Wang Xiaojun
Published: July 2023

Using expert reviews and item response theory (IRT), this study evaluated the language- and culture-related construct-irrelevant variance and reliability of the 2019 TIMSS sense of school belonging scale (SSBS) for grades 4 and 8. The five items of the SSBS, which were identical for both grades, were reviewed for the language- and culture-related construct-irrelevant variance evidence by 10 assessment experts who have expertise in Chinese and English languages and cultures. Further, the existing TIMSS 2019 SSBS data associated with the countries of China (Hong Kong), Singapore, Australia, and America were analyzed within the framework of IRT for estimating the item and scale information function values (i.e., reliability) of the SSBS. The experts did find language- and culture-related evidence in each of the five items that might lead to the construct variance of the SSBS across these four countries. The IRT results further indicated that the SSBS item and scale information function values varied considerably across these four countries. Suggestions for revising the SSBS are proposed for TIMSS program developers.
Intimate Partner Violence Against Women and Workplace Productivity in the Financial Sector of Two Latin American Societies
Authors: Vara-Horna Arístides A. , Asencios-Gonzalez Zaida B. , Brad McBride John
Published: July 2023

This research determines the prevalence of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) and its impact on labor productivity in the financial sector of two Latin American countries. Nine financial institutions participated in this study with surveys of 892 female employees in Bolivia and 393 in Paraguay. The results revealed that 40.1% in Bolivia and 18.7% in Paraguay experienced IPVAW. In Bolivia, this resulted in 6.686 lost workdays per year due to absenteeism and 7.640 workdays per year due to presenteeism (present but distracted). In Paraguay, 12.035 days were lost to absenteeism and 12.037 to presenteeism. This pioneering research highlights the significant influence of IPVAW on financial sector productivity and its broader economic implications.
Parent/Caregiver Experiences of a CAMHS ADHD Assessment Pathway: A Qualitative Service Evaluation
Authors: Kruger Emily
Published: July 2023

Background:

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impulsivity, inattention, and hyperactivity. Although the literature has explored the parental impact of living with a child diagnosed with ADHD, less is known about the ADHD assessment journey for children and the parental experiences of this. A recent service evaluation suggested that exploring parental perceptions of a child’s ADHD assessment pathway could be beneficial in understanding experiences, gathering ideas for future service development, and collecting service user feedback.

Aims and Objective:

The aims were to (a) explore the broad experiences of parents/caregivers accessing the ADHD assessment pathway for their child and (b) explore experiences of remote appointments during the assessment process in consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

Twelve parents of children who had experienced an ADHD assessment within a CAMHS pathway participated in a telephone-based semi-structured interview. This involved gathering experiences of the CAMHS ADHD pathway from a parental perspective. The evaluation implemented a qualitative design. Qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis.

Results:

Results revealed seven main themes. Regarding general experiences of the pathway, parent/caregiver interview responses indicated a sense of relief, feeling understood, and the service being child-focused during the assessment. Difficulties were highlighted within the themes, such as long waiting lists impacting on the child and parent as well as lengthy assessments. In reference to COVID-19 and remote/telephone appointments, interview responses indicated some positives of having remote appointments, such as comfort and convenience. Thus, the strengths of face-to-face communication were highlighted.
Virtual Human Resource Development: Definitions, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: McWhorter Rochell R.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to promote knowledge and understanding about the concept and utility of Virtual Human Resource Development (VHRD) for both research and practice in Human Resource Development (HRD). This article begins with a brief history of VHRD, defines VHRD, and then presents an appendix that summarizes key insights from 36 VHRD peer-reviewed publications located across five academic journals and 52 authors associated with this line of inquiry. The article then discusses challenges and opportunities associated with VHRD as a result of this summary which may be insightful for researchers and practitioners. It concludes by considering the implications of VHRD along with offering directions for future research in the VHRD space.
How Do Pandemic Policies and Communication Shape Intergroup Outcomes? Initial Findings From the COVID-19 Pandemic and Open Questions for Research and Policy
Authors: Stern Chadly , Ruisch Benjamin C.
Published: July 2023

Government policies can be productive tools for protecting citizens while simultaneously forging more egalitarian societies. At the same time, history has shown that well-intentioned governmental actions, such as those meant to quell pandemics (e.g., blood-donation restrictions), can single out members of marginalized groups (e.g., men who have sex with men). How did government actions shape intergroup outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic? Here, we draw from emerging research to provide informed conjectures regarding whether and how government actions affected stereotypes (e.g., beliefs about gender), prejudice (e.g., anti-Asian bias), and intergroup violence (e.g., hate crimes against Asian individuals) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We discuss research examining the impact of policies intended to curb the spread of the disease, and we consider possible effects of the strategies used to communicate about the virus. Furthermore, we highlight open questions regarding how and why pandemic policies and communication shape intergroup outcomes, propose key directions for future research, and note possible implications for future development of policy and communication strategies.