bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forest Governance in Nepal: Rationale for Centralised Forest and Wildfire Management
Authors: Sombai Iván Győző , Karakatsoulis John , Gardner Wendy , Gautam Ambika P. , Sharma Sundar Prasad , Adhikari Bharat
Published: July 2019

Numerous inter-related social and institutional factors are causing concern as to effective responses to the increasing number and severity of forest and wildfires in Nepal, due in similar measure to socio-cultural, politico-bureaucratic as well as global climatic issues. Our binational team of multisectoral field practitioners in bureaucratic as well as natural resource and fire management compiled and verified background information to more clearly discern the issues affecting improved fire governance and thereupon has made supportive recommendations for the belated establishment of a dedicated unit within the Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation to coordinate, administer and manage a comprehensive forest fire management programme.
Characteristics and field relation of Ulleri Augen Gneiss to country rocks in the Lesser Himalaya: A case study from Syaprubesi-Chhyamthali area, central Nepal
Authors: K.C. Jharendra , Paudyal Kabi Raj
Published: July 2019

The distribution of Ulleri Augen Gneiss and its origin in the Lesser Nepal Himalaya adjacent to the Main Central Thrust zone is stilla debate among the geo-scientists. Geological mapping was carried out along the Syaprubesi-Chhyamthali area of central Nepal with the aim to study the field relation, distribution, deformation and metamorphism of the Ulleri Augen Gneiss. During mapping, close traverses were set to observe the field relation and a number of systematic samples were collected for analysis of composition and texture. Some preliminary findings were obtained related to its geological position and distribution. This gneiss is hosted within the Kuncha Formation, the oldest unit of the Nawakot Group in the Lesser Himalaya. It has been evolved within this unit as a tabular form in some places and lenses in other places. It shows both concordant (i.e., sill type) and discordant (i.e., dike type) relationship with the host rock. It is characterized by augen-shaped porphyroblasts of K-feldspar and S-C mylonitic texture showing top to the SW sense of shear. The S-C structures and lineated textures shown by the minerals are associated with the shearing caused by the movement along the MCT during the syn-MCT metamorphic deformation. It is characterized in different types of lithologies such as augen gneiss, banded gneiss and two-mica gneiss. An attempt is made to explain the petrological characteristics and field relation of the Ulleri Augen Gneiss with the host rocks along with structural aspects. Based on the field relation and texture analysis, the evolution of the protolith of this Ulleri Augun Gneiss can be interpreted as a multi-story emplacement within the host rocks during and immediately after the sedimentation.
Geology of the area between Bardibas and Sindhuli Madi, Sub-Himalaya, Central Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Amit , Joshi Govind , Paudel Lalu Prasad , Sapkota Soma Nath , Almeida Rafael
Published: July 2019

The Siwalik Group (Sub-Himalaya) is the east-west extending youngest mountain belt formed by the sediments derived from the rising Himalaya on the north. The Siwalik Group is separated from the Lesser Himalaya to the north by the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), and the Indo-Gangetic Plain to the south by the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT). The study was carried out mainly along the Ratu Nadi, Kamala Nadi river sections and was lithostratigraphically divided into the Lower Siwalik, Middle Siwalik, and Upper Siwalik, from the bottom to the top section, respectively. The Lower Siwalik is composed of fine-grained greenish grey calcareous sandstone (subarkose and lithic arenite), variegated mudstone, and calcareous siltstone. The Lower Siwalik is exposed due to the Marine Khola Thrust in the Gadyauli Khola, and sandstone there is more indurated and non-calcareous. The Middle Siwalik is mainly comprised of the medium- to coarse-grained salt-and-pepper sandstone (arkose and subarkose) with large cross lamination, calcareous sand lenses, convolute bedding, dark grey siltstone and mudstone. Plant fossils are also present in the finely laminated clay bed of the Middle Siwalik along the Ratu Nadi section. The Upper Siwalik comprises of mud- to sand-supported pebble to cobble conglomerates.
Comparative Study of Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Bhutan (2015-2017)
Authors: Zangpo Tadin , Tshering C. , Tenzin P. , Rinzin C. , Dorji C. , Nima G. , Tenzing P. , Tsheten T.
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) has been increasingly diagnosed and reported compared to Pulmonary TB (PTB) in Bhutan in the recent years. In this comparative study, our study describes the epidemiology, diagnostic modalities used, inconsistency in case-classification and treatment outcomes of PTB and EPTB cases diagnosed from 2015-2017.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted by retrieving patient records maintained at the 11 TB Reporting Centres. Using two stage cluster sampling technique, nine primary sampling units (9-PSUs) were generated for the years 2015, 2016 and 2017 respectively. Based on the highest caseloads among 32 TB Reporting Centres, nine primary clusters were selected first and final sample of 350 for each year were drawn using systematic random sampling technique from the PSUs.

Results: We recruited a total of 1048 cases (PTB=555, EPTB=493) in the final descriptive analysis. The median age of the subjects was 27 years (range 1-87) with slight female predominance (53%). Students were the highest (23.85%) followed by farmers (17.94%). The proportion of PTB was (52.95%), EPTB of (47.08%) and clinically diagnosed EPTB accounted for (92%), which is extremely high. Twelve miliary/disseminated TB cases (1.15%) were miss-classified as EPTB and (56%) EPTB cases were not classified based on the body sites involved. The overall treatment success rate (TSR) of PTB and EPTB was (93.26%).

Conclusion: We recommend an expert team to revisit National TB treatment guidelines on diagnosis of EPTB and ensure EPTB site/s are properly identified and documented. Sensitize clinicians and other units (ENT, Surgery, Orthopedics, MCH, General OPD etc.) on the referral of EPTB cases to Medical Specialist/Chest Physician for consultation.
HIV Vulnerability and Sexual Risk Behaviour of the Drayang Girls in Bhutan
Authors: Khandu Lekey , Zwanikken P. , Wangdi S.
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The rapid socio-economic development in Bhutan has brought changes in individual lifestyles resulting in increased risk behavior of the urban population, particularly the Drayang girls. This study investigated the underlying factors influencing the sexual risk behaviour of Drayang girls and their vulnerability to HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI). The Drayangs are dance bars in Bhutan where the women perform Bhutanese songs/dances on the stage to entertain the bar patrons and making them pay for their performance.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from May-July 2015 in three urban districts (Thimphu, Paro, and Phuentsholing) of Bhutan. The convenient non-random sampling method was used to recruit the respondents. We have collected the data using structured questionnaires including the taking of blood samples for HIV, Hepatitis B, and Syphilis testing.

Results: Of the 245 Drayang girls recruited for this study, 28.2% have engaged in transactional sex and 71.8% in non-transactional sex within last month. Condom use during transactional sex was 36.2% and non-transactional sex was 21.6%. The prevalence of HIV was 0.82%, hepatitis B 6.9%, and syphilis 2.8%. The factors such as marital status (divorced and unmarried), living arrangements, current living cities, and alcohol consumption were significantly (p<0.05) associated with transactional sex among Drayang girls.

Conclusion: Although the prevalence of HIV and STIs is low among the Drayang girls, the presence of high riskbehavior with low condom use still makes them vulnerable to HIV and STIs. The study recommends putting more effort in prevention of HIV and STI by increasing awareness of HIV and STI, targeted interventions like Behaviour Change Communications (BCC), condom promotion, condom negotiation skills and access for testing and treatment of HIV and STI.
Tuberculosis in Nepal: Situation, Challenges and Ways Forward
Authors: Adhikari Nilaramba , Joshi L.R. , Subedi B. , Acharya D. , Adhikari M. , Thapa P. , Sultana R. , Karki K.B.
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Globally, tuberculosis is a major public health problem. Moreover, the emergence of drug resistant forms of TB has threatened TB prevention and treatment efforts. Despite the long history of tuberculosis prevention efforts, tuberculosis still ranks among the top ten causes of deaths in Nepal. Furthermore, Nepal being land locked with two high TB burden countries i.e. India and China, it has added difficulties to National Tuberculosis program. Hence this study aims to review the situation of National Tuberculosis Program in Nepal and explore the possible challenges and ways forward for NTP to strengthen the TB diagnostics and treatment services in Nepal.

Methods: This study is based on the review of available literatures and data sources related to tuberculosis prevention, care and control. Secondary data published by National Tuberculosis Program in the annual report for the year 2015, 2016 and 2017 were considered for the situation analysis of tuberculosis in Nepal. We used different platforms like Google scholar, PubMed to search relevant literatures.

Results: This has been a huge gap between WHO TB estimates and TB cases notification by the national system. It was 22% in 2015, 27% in 2016 and 29% in 2017. However National Tuberculosis Program has maintained treatment success rate consistently above 90%. Tuberculosis program has yet not achieved universal HIV testing, although HIV testing among TB patients has increased rapidly. Similarly, only 75%, 1994 received DST out of 2601 retreatment TB cases have received DST in 2017 despite guideline suggest mandatory drug susceptibility testing for retreatment TB cases.

Conclusion: Case notification has reduced gradually. It is difficult to achieve the target envisioned by NSP 2016-21 if the current case notification trend persists. NTP needs to expand service sites ensuring minimum quality standards as well as scale up targeted intervention addressing human right issues to identify the missing TB cases. NTP needs to regulate the quality of diagnosis and treatment TB services offered by private sector.
Epidemiology of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Samtse General Hospital, Bhutan: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Dorji Thinley
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as a case of tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid which are the first line anti tuberculosis drugs. Globally emergences of MDR-TB possess a challenge to TB control. In Bhutan, the proportion of MDR-TB is high at par with the global level. This study will explore the predictors of MDR-TB and the trend at Samtse General Hospital which has high burden of tuberculosis.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross sectional study. The data was extracted from TB treatment cards maintained at TB unit of Samtse General Hospital TB from January 2012 to June 2018.

Results: The study showed the prevalence of drug resistant to at least one drug at 21% and MDR-TB prevalence at 16%. The patients with previous treatments (AOR: 4.59; 95% CI .03-.18) and patients under the age of 30 years (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI 1.01- 7.42) were significantly associated with MDR-TB.

Conclusion: This study shows high prevalence of MDR-TB in Samtse. Better strategies and concrete actions need to be developed to combat the increase of MDR-TB.
L2 Gain or L2 Pain? A Comparative Case Study of the Target Language Development among the Erasmus+ Mobility Students and Home Stay Students
Authors: Ożańska-Ponikwia Katarzyna , Carlet Angélica , Pujol Valls Maria
Published: July 2019

The Erasmus+ exchange programme has become very popular, with the numbers of student sojourners growing each year. However, it was observed that not all students benefit equally from the study abroad (SA) experience (c.f. Kinginger, 2008, 2009; Marijuan & Sanz, 2018; Mitchell, Tracy-Ventura & McManus, 2017; Regan, Howard & Lemée, 2009). Consequently, the main aim of the present study was to have a closer look at various factors that might contribute to the development of the target language among two small groups of students that self-selected themselves to do their language teaching practicum abroad, as a part of the Erasmus+ mobility program (n=6), or to do it at the local schools in the country of their residence (n=5). Both groups were examined prior their departure and after their arrival with a battery of tests that included: Oxford Placement test, Self-reported proficiency questionnaire, Oral proficiency test based on Cambridge Advanced exam, Language Engagement Questionnaire, Multicultural Personality Questionnaire(MPQ), Big Five Personality Questionnaire and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). Our findings demonstrated that the majority of the Erasmus+ mobility program students examined in this study showed some greater linguistic progress when it comes to grammar and speaking in comparison to the home stay students. However, there were two cases that failed to progress after the stay abroad experience. Further analyses and interviews showed that some other factors like attitudes, language engagement and satisfaction from the Erasmus experience might in fact influence and shape target language development while abroad. At the same time, it could be speculated that in the case of researched informants their progress in grammar and speaking could be assigned mostly to the amount and quality of the language input outside of the classroom setting.
Bake i djedovi djece s teškoćama u razvoju i osoba s invaliditetom
Authors: Buljevac Marko
Published: July 2019

Bake i djedovi djece s teškoćama u razvoju i osoba s invaliditetom predstavljaju važan izvor podrške obiteljima s invaliditetom. Cilj je ovog rada predstaviti, sumirati i problematizirati znanstvene spoznaje o oblicima podrške koju bake i djedovi pružaju obiteljima djece s teškoćama u razvoju i osoba s invaliditetom, ali i formalnu podršku koja je njima potrebna. Oni pružaju različite oblike emocionalne, instrumentalne, informacijske i praktične podrške, a rezultat pružanje iste jest da oni sami imaju potrebe za informacijskom i emocionalnom podrškom. Stoga se može zaključiti kako su bake i djedovi važni izvori neformalne podrške obiteljima djece s teškoćama u razvoju i osoba s invaliditetom, dok oni sami često ostaju nevidljivi i zaboravljeni korisnici formalne podrške jer njihove potrebe ostaju nezadovoljene.
Dobno specifična obilježja spontanih pokreta u dojenčeta
Authors: Goleš Julija , Katušić Ana , Joković Oreb Ines
Published: July 2019

Uvid u normalnu funkciju fetalnog mozga omogućava nam procjena spontanih pokreta. Spontani su pokreti oni u fetusa i mladog dojenčeta koji se očituju dobno specifičnim obilježjima u dvjema fazama: fazi uvijanja i fazi vrpoljenja. Razlikujemo normalan i tri tipa abnormalnih spontanih pokreta, a to su siromašni, grčevito-sinkronizirani i kaotični spontani pokreti. Istraživanja pokazuju kako je prediktivna snaga procjene najbolja u fazi vrpoljenja, tj. od 2. do 4. mjeseca života. Cilj je ovog istraživanja bio ispitati optimalnost i dobno specifična obilježja spontanih pokreta novorođenčeta u fazi uvijanja i vrpoljenja praćenjem neurorazvojnog trajektorija djeteta bez čimbenika rizika. Kriterij za odabir sudionika ovog istraživanja bio je taj da je sudionik novorođenče iz uredno iznesene trudnoće i bez čimbenika rizika. Sudionik je muško novorođenče rođeno u 40. tjednu uredne trudnoće i bez čimbenika rizika. U svrhu istraživanja primijenjena je globalna procjena spontanih pokreta te detaljna procjena kvalitete spontanih pokreta u fazi uvijanja te je mjerena pojavnost i učestalost specifičnih pokreta prema središnjoj liniji u fazi vrpoljenja. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to kako je dojenče pokazalo siromašan repertoar pokreta u fazi uvijanja koji se kroz fazu vrpoljenja izmijenio i pokazao kao normalan repertoar. Ovakva promjena optimalnosti između tranzicije obrasca spontanih pokreta učestala je kod dojenčadi donesene bez čimbenika rizika te ukazuje na uredan rani neuromotorički razvoj djeteta.
Transtornos por uso de substâncias psicoativas e esquemas iniciais desadaptativos
Authors: Rocha Isabella Carvalho Oliveira , Lopes Ederaldo José
Published: July 2019

O consumo de substâncias psicoativas é considerado uma grande preocupação de saúde pública mundial, porém de difícil tratamento. Nesse campo, terapias cognitivo-comportamentais, como a terapia do esquema (TE), têm apresentado crescente notoriedade. Pesquisas têm relacionado seu constructo básico – esquemas iniciais desadaptativos (EIDs) – ao abuso e dependência de substâncias. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo conduziu uma revisão sistemática de literatura dos últimos 20 anos a fim de investigar pesquisas nacionais e internacionais que avaliem a prevalência dos EIDs nessa população. Foram identificados 25 estudos, majoritariamente internacionais, analisados quanto aos seus resultados, delineamento, amostra, autoria, ano de publicação e país de origem. Apesar das diferenças encontradas quanto à prevalência dos esquemas nas diferentes amostras, uma conclusão comum é a de que os EIDs sejam importantes fatores predisponentes do comportamento aditivo. Ao final, discute-se a necessidade de futuras pesquisas relacionadas à eficácia da TE no tratamento dos transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias.
Pembuatan Etanol Dari Nira Tebu Dengan Metode Fermentasi
Authors: Nafi'ah Rohmatun , Devi Susan Prima
Published: July 2019

Tebu is one of the many plants found in the Holy area of Central Java, which has a high sugar content. The raw material for making ethanol is sugary, starchy and fibrous. Nira is one of the by-products of a sugar cane factory which has a high sugar content. The study of making ethanol from Nira Tebu as a raw material for medicine using fermentation methods was carried out on a laboratory scale. The purpose of this study was to produce ethanol from Nira Tebu as a raw material for chemical drugs by fermentation method.The procedure of this study was through the pretreatment stage, the hydrolysis stage, and the fermentation stage. The fermentation process with the addition of yeast and lasts for 7 days with the volume of sugarcane juice used is 5 liters. Yeast used for fermentation is 1,2,3,4 and 5 grams and varies from 1-7 days of fermentation time. Furthermore, ethanol levels and acidity levels (pH) were determined from Nira Tebu. So that from the results of the study it can be obtained the most optimal ethanol levels with variations in the amount of yeast and the length of fermentation time.
Celah Riba Pada Perbankan Syariah Serta Konsekwensinya Terhadap Individu, Masyarakat Dan Ekonomi
Authors: Afif Mufti , Mulyawisdawati Richa Angkita
Published: July 2019

Harta adalah perhiasan dunia yang diciptakan Allah untuk umat manusia. Harta merupakan sesuatu yang sering diperebutkan manusia dan bahkan cara memperolehnya pun bisa dilakukan dengan cara yang salah; seperti riba, mencuri, merampok dan ghasab. Riba adalah jenis transaksi yang diharamkan Islam karena merugikan salah satu pihak dari dua pihak yang bertransaksi. Meskipun demikian, seiring dengan perkembangan jaman transaksi ribawi di dunia perbankan dewasa ini semakin sulit dihindari, tidak terkecuali pada lembaga keuangan yang berlabelkan syariah. Berawal dari motivasi untuk menggerakkan perekonomian melalui lembaga keuangan yang Islami, masyarakat muslim justru terlena dengan transaksi-transaksi ribawi yang direkayasa supaya tidak mencolok keharamannya. Secara umum masih terdapat transaksi ribawi dalam Lembaga Keuangan Syariah yang perlu dibenahi dan dikaji lebih lanjut sehingga betul-betul terlepas dari dosa besar riba. Karena mengikuti ketetapan Allah dan RasulNya adalah bagian dari ibadah yang mutlak dan tidak dapat ditawar dengan alasan kemodernan dan permintaan pasar atau persaingan. Melagalkan riba akan memberikan dampak negatif bagi individu pelaku, kelompok masyarakat dan ekonomi suatu negara, bahkan sangat terkait dengan terkabulnya doa seorang mukmin di sisi Allah Swt. Maka melalui karya tulis ini, penulis berharap kedepannya ada tahapan lanjutan untuk perbaikan transaksi di perbankan syariah sehingga tercapai tujuan penghapusan riba yang sesungguhnya, sehingga sistem ekonomi Islam betul-betul menciptakan keharmonisan ekonomi yang berkeadilan.
How Did Durkheim Die?
Authors: Parkin Robert
Published: July 2019

As we are commemorating the centenary of Durkheim’s death in this issue, it seems appropriate to reflect on what we know about it. We know, of course, that he died on 15 November 1917 at the age of 59 – not a young age at which to die a hundred years ago, but not an old one, either. Also, we know that he died during World War I, but in his bed, unlike many of his younger colleagues, who died on the battlefield, including his own son.
Distance to white matter tracts is associated with deep brain stimulation motor outcome in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Prent Naomi , Potters Wouter V. , Boon Lennard I. , Caan Matthan W. A. , de Bie Rob M. A. , van den Munckhof Pepijn , Schuurman P. Richard , van Rootselaar Anne-Fleur
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) alleviates motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the underlying mechanism of tremor suppression is not well understood. Stimulation of white matter tracts, such as the dentatorubrothalamic tract (DRT), might be involved. Also, side effects, including dysarthria, might result from (unwanted) stimulation of white matter tracts in proximity to the STN. The aim of this study was to establish an association between stimulation effect on tremor and dysarthria and stimulation location relative to relevant white matter tracts.

METHODS

In 35 PD patients in whom a bilateral STN DBS system was implanted, the authors established clinical outcome measures per electrode contact. The distance from each stimulation location to the center of the DRT, corticopontocerebellar tract, pyramidal tract (PT), and medial lemniscus was determined using diffusion-weighted MRI data. Clinical outcome measures were subsequently related to the distances to the white matter tracts.

RESULTS

Patients with activated contacts closer to the DRT showed increased tremor improvement. Proximity of activated contacts to the PT was associated with dysarthria.

CONCLUSIONS

Proximity to specific white matter tracts is associated with tremor outcome and side effects in DBS. This knowledge can help to optimize both electrode placement and postsurgical electrode contact selection. Presurgical white matter tract visualization may improve targeting and DBS outcome. These findings are of interest not only for treatment in PD, but potentially also for other (movement) disorders.
Postoperative satisfaction following lumbar spinal fusion surgery: patient expectation versus actuality
Authors: Yoo Joon S. , Patel Dil V. , Mayo Benjamin C. , Massel Dustin H. , Karmarkar Sailee S. , Lamoutte Eric H. , Singh Kern
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE

Due to the reported benefits associated with minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS), patients seeking out minimally invasive surgery may have higher expectations regarding their outcomes. In this study the authors aimed to assess the effects of preoperative expectations and postoperative outcome actuality, and the difference between the two, on postoperative satisfaction following MIS for lumbar fusion procedures.

METHODS

Patients scheduled for either a 1- or 2-level lumbar fusion MIS were administered confidential surveys preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. The surveys administered preoperatively consisted of 2 parts: preoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs), including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS) back pain, and VAS leg pain, and expected postoperative PROs. The surveys administered 6 months postoperatively consisted of 2 parts: postoperative PROs and satisfaction. Preoperative symptoms, expected postoperative symptoms, and actual postoperative symptoms were compared using paired t-tests. Pearson correlation was used to compare the association between 1) postoperative change in PROs and satisfaction, 2) expectation and satisfaction, 3) expectation-actuality discrepancy and satisfaction, and 4) actuality and satisfaction.

RESULTS

In total, 101 patients completed all surveys. Patients expected to improve in all PROs from baseline, except for ODI personal care, in which they expected to get worse after surgery. In actuality, patients improved in all PROs from baseline, except for ODI personal care, in which they did not demonstrate improvement or worsening. Patients did not surpass any expectations regarding PRO improvement. The association between patient satisfaction and postoperative change was strong for the VAS back pain score, while ODI and VAS leg pain scores showed moderate correlations. Preoperative expectation and postoperative satisfaction demonstrated weak to moderate correlations for all outcome measures. All 3 PROs demonstrated moderate correlation between patient satisfaction and the expectation-actuality discrepancy. All 3 PROs demonstrated strong correlations between satisfaction and actual postoperative outcomes, with ODI having the strongest correlation.

CONCLUSIONS

In this observational study, the authors determined that the actual postoperative results following surgery were strongly correlated with patient satisfaction, while the patients’ expectation, the expectation-actuality discrepancy, and the postoperative improvement did not demonstrate strong correlations for all patient-reported outcome measures utilized in this study. The investigation results suggest that the most important indicator of how satisfied patients feel following surgery may be the actual outcome itself, rather than the preoperative expectation or the degree to which the expected result was met.
Shortening, lengthening, and reconstruction
Authors: Kapović Mate
Published: July 2019

The paper is a part of an ongoing discussion on various topics of historical Slavic accentology with Frederik Kortlandt. The topics discussed in the paper are: the reflex of the Proto-Slavic short neo-acute in Kajkavian; the reflex of pretonic and posttonic length in West and South Slavic; the reconstruction of the ending *-ъ in Slavic genitive plural, its accentuation, and the ending -ā in Štokavian and Slovene; the lengthening of the bȏg ‘god’ and kȍkōt ‘rooster’ type in Western South Slavic; the *obőrna ‘defense’ and *čьrnĩna ‘blackness’ type accent and retractions of contractional neo-circumflexes; the reflex of Slavic *ò in Slovak and Czech monosyllables; and the valence theory and Proto-Indo-European origin of Balto-Slavic accentuation.
Efekt privlačenja u vidnom radnom pamćenju
Authors: Tomić Ivan , Pavlić Matej , Vlašiček Denis , Ivanec Dragutin
Published: July 2019

Temeljno obilježje vidnoga radnog pamćenja jest da preciznost dosjećanja opada porastom broja podražaja koji se pamti. Ovaj se nalaz tumači kao posljedica raspodjele ograničene količine resursa, pri čemu porastom broja podražaja koji se pamti pada količina resursa pridana svakom podražaju. Nedavna istraživanja pokazuju kako dosjećanje u zadacima vidnoga radnog pamćenja ovisi i o karakteristikama seta podražaja koji se pamti. Konkretno, u zadatku pamćenja jednostavnih vidnih karakteristika dvaju podražaja (npr. orijentacije) dosjećanje jednog podražaja karakterizira sustavna pogreška u smjeru drugog zapamćenog podražaja, tzv. efekt privlačenja. U ovom smo istraživanju željeli provjeriti koliko je ovaj efekt otporan na eksperimentalne manipulacije preciznosti pamćenja podražaja. U četiri su eksperimenta sudionici (N = 33) pamtili i dosjećali se istovremeno prikazanih orijentacija podražaja. U prvom je eksperimentu redoslijed dosjećanja odabiran po slučaju; u drugom su eksperimentu sudionici trebali samostalno birati redoslijed kojim će se dosjećati, a u trećem i četvrtom eksperimentu redoslijed dosjećanja ponovno je odabiran po slučaju, no sudionicima je na svakoj sekvenci unaprijed (eksp. 3) ili unatrag (eksp. 4) signalizirano kojeg će se podražaja najvjerojatnije morati dosjetiti prvog. Efekt privlačenja bio je vidljiv u sva četiri eksperimenta, i to pri dosjećanju obaju podražaja. Ovo istraživanje demonstrira robusnost efekta privlačenja u vidnom radnom pamćenju, što implicira da mehanizmi u podlozi tog efekta nisu podložni korekciji, odnosno da su sastavni dio temeljnih procesa kodiranja vidnih podražaja.
Envy – an Unwanted, yet Unavoidable and Necessary Emotion
Authors: Milić Andrea
Published: July 2019

Envy is a word signifying an emotion that arises from social comparison and signals that one is outperformed by another person, or group of people, which makes one feel painful inferiority. It originates from the Latin "invidere" which means to "gaze maliciously". Yet, this emotion does not want to be communicated. It is hard to identify or admit it, partly because of a range of other negative emotions, such as hostility, resentment and rejection that accompany envious feelings. Envy may also trigger admiration that motivates one to "do better". However, subjective, historical and philosophical accounts overwhelmingly speak of its negative consequences. Not surprisingly, envy is regarded as a social taboo. Even the traditional scientific community considers envy as a "second class" emotion. It is said that envy does not meet the criteria for basic emotions. Only recently, with the paradigmatic shift in modern evolutionary psychology, a new framework was offered and started shedding light onto the emotion nobody likes to feel, think or talk about. This paper presents a review of theoretical considerations, predictions and empirical results, emerging from a relatively small amount of studies that incited a change in the conceptualization of this unwanted and seemingly inept emotion.
„Genealogie des erwachsenenpädagogischen Blicks“ durch eine relationslogische Optik geschärft. Eine Replik auf Ulla Klingovsky
Authors: Schäffter Ortfried
Published: July 2019

In zustimmend weiterdenkender Argumentation stellt die Replik den Impuls von Ulla Klingovsky in den Zusammenhang einer historischen Epistemologie. Die aktuelle Problemlage wird zum Ausdruck einer zweifachen Deontologisierung von Bildung, ihre De-Konstruktion zum Ausgang für eine Re-Konstruktion durch die Optik verschiedener Linsen. Im Ergebnis führt das zum Konzept eines topologischen Bildungsraums. Mit diesem Deutungsangebot vermag sich ‚Erwachsenenbildungswissenschaft‘ transdisziplinär für bisher noch nicht antizipierbare Entwicklungsperspektiven einer Transformationsgesellschaft zu öffnen.
Vom stummen Sprechen und lauten Schweigen – ein Plädoyer für eine pädagogische Politisierung der Debattenunkultur
Authors: Herrmann Katharina
Published: July 2019

Die akademische Debattenkultur ist gegenwärtig von einer systematischen Entpolitisierung geprägt. Prekäre Rahmenbedingungen an den Universitäten und der permanente Druck zur Selbstinszenierung der Wissenschaftler*innen etablieren einen Diskussionshabitus, der inhaltliche Auseinandersetzungen weitgehend neutralisiert. Anhand der Materialistischen Pädagogik Gernot Koneffkes lassen sich die strukturellen Widersprüche identifizieren, die dieser Entwicklung zugrunde liegen, und zugleich subversive Perspektiven einer pädagogischen Politisierung der Debattenunkultur aufzeigen.
Efektifitas Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) dan menyanyi terhadap tekanan darah lansia di rumpelsos pucang gading semarang
Authors: Sonhaji Sonhaji , Lekatompessy Roland
Published: July 2019

The result of statistical analysis obtained data on the average blood pressure inthe left group before being given the intervention of 173,76/96,41 while after being given the intervention of 170,29/93,82. On the singing group before being given intervention, the average of blood pressure of 153,06/87,41 and after being given intervention tobe 168/87. Camparative test results in both groups between before and after ihe invention were obtained p – value = 0,00 (p- value p < 0,05). Conclusion was spiritual emotional freedom techneque (SEFT) is more effective than singing to reduce the blood pressurenof the elderly with hypertension in social service home, Pucang Gading, Semarang. One of the body system disorders that is often experienced by the elderly. Namely the cardiovascular system such as hypertension. Hypertension of elderly can caused bad condition such as heartdiscase, stroke and kidney failure, there fore, intervention is needed to maintain blood pressure within normal himits.
HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF METFORMIN AND SITAGLIPTIN IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO DISSOLUTION STUDY
Authors: Sharma Hemraj , Madhuri Boya , Reddy Yiragamreddy Padmanabha , Kumar Kondareddy Vinod , Bhatta Nanda Kishor , Giri Bijaya Laxmi
Published: July 2019

A novel approach was used to develop and validate a rapid, specific, accurate and precise Reverse phase High performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of Metformin and Sitagliptin in pharmaceutical dosage forms and its applications to dissolution study. The chromatographic separation was carried out on a C8 (250mm X 4.6 mm i.d., 5μm) column with a mobile phase of 40 Acetonitrile: 60 Phosphate Buffer (pH 6.8), using UV detector at 257 nm at 1ml min-1 flow rate. The retention time for Metformin was 2.11 minutes and 5.30 minutes for Sitagliptin. The Linearity for Metformin was found to be 10-80 µg ml-1 with R2 value of 0.9998 and for Sitagliptin 1-8 µg ml-1 with R2 value of 0.9976. Dissolution study of both for Metformin and Sitagliptin was carried, Percentage of drug release was established which was found to be 96.23% and 102.64% respectively, in the period of 50 minutes.

Keywords: RP-HPLC, Metformin, Sitagliptin, Dissolution study
Contribution of the TGFB1 Gene to Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility
Authors: Barsova R. M. , Titov B. V. , Matveeva N. A. , Favorov A. V. , Rybalkin I. N. , Vlasik T. N. , Tararak E. M. , Sukhinina T. S. , Shahnovich R. M. , Ruda M. Ya. , Favorova O. O.
Published: July 2019

Carriage frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the TGFB1 gene polymorphous loci -509CT (rs1800469), 869TC (rs1982073), 915GC (rs1800471), which affect the level of cytokine TGF-1 production, were analyzed in the patients of Russian ethnic descent with myocardial infarction (MI) (406 cases) and in the control group of the same ethnic descent (198 controls). Significant association with MI was observed in carriage frequencies of the allele TGFB1*-509T (p=0.046, OR =1.45, 95% CI: 1.02-2.06), genotypes TGFB1*869T/T (p=0.0024, OR =1.75, 95% CI: 1.22-2.51), and TGFB1*915G/G (p=0.048, OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.05-2.97). Linkage disequilibrium analysis for these SNPs has shown that the associations revealed can be considered to be independent. A complex analysis of MI association with combinations of alleles/genotypes of said SNPs indicates their cumulative effect. An analysis of susceptibility to early-onset MI ( 50 years old) revealed a positive association of the allele TGFB1*-509T (p=0.002, OR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.35-3.71) and genotype TGFB1*869T/T (p=0.008, OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.18-3.15), as well as their additivity. An analysis of susceptibility to recurrent MI revealed an association of the genotype TGFB1*-509T/T (p=0.0078, 0R=2.60, 95% CI: 1.28-5.28). The results obtained indicate the important role of the TGFB1 gene in susceptibility to MI, including early-onset and recurrent MI, in Russians.
Recombinant Human Cyclophilin A In Vitro Inhibits the Formation of Fibrin Clot
Authors: Morozov Yu. A. , Khromykh L. M. , Dementieva I. I. , Charnaia M. A. , Kulikova N. L. , Kazansky D. B.
Published: July 2019

The chemotactic properties of cyclophilin A are well-known. There exists however a poor level of understanding regarding the hemostatic effects of this protein. Herein it is shown that recombinant human cyclophilin A (rhСyA), in contrast to the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, is capable of inhibiting in vitro the formation of a fibrin clot, thereby violating the spatial dynamics of clot growth; this effect is transient and dose-independent. Furthermore, the hypothesis that the conformational changes in the thrombin-rhCyA complex may mediate the anticoagulant effect of rhCyA on the autowave processes of blood clotting is postulated.
The Use of Cellular Technologies in Treatment of Liver Pathologies
Authors: Petrakova O. S. , Chernioglo E. S. , Terskikh V. V. , Kalistratova E. N. , Vasiliev A. V.
Published: July 2019

Cell techniques find increasing application in modern clinical practice. The II and III phases of clinical trials are already under way for various cellular products used for the restoration of the functions of the cornea, larynx, skin, etc. However, the obtainment of functional cell types specific to different organs and tissues still remains a subject of laboratory research. Liver is one of the most important organs; the problems and prospects of cellular therapy for liver pathologies are currently being actively studied. Cellular therapy of liver pathologies is a complex multistage process requiring a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms occurring in liver cells during differentiation and regeneration. An analysis of the current cellular therapy for liver pathologies is presented, the use of various cell types is described, the main molecular mechanisms of hepatocyte differentiation are analyzed, and the challenges and prospects of cell therapy for liver disorders are discussed in this review.
Structural-Functional Analysis of 2,1,3-Benzoxadiazoles and Their N-oxides As HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors
Authors: Korolev S. P. , Kondrashina O. V. , Druzhilovsky D. S. , Starosotnikov A. M. , Dutov M. D. , Bastrakov M. A. , Dalinger I. L. , Filimonov D. A. , Shevelev S. A. , Poroikov V. V. , Agapkina Y. Y. , Gottikh M. B.
Published: July 2019

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase is one of the most attractive targets for the development of anti-HIV-1 inhibitors. The capacity of a series of 2,1,3-benzoxadiazoles (benzofurazans) and their N-oxides (benzofuroxans) selected using the PASS software to inhibit the catalytic activity of HIV-1 integrase was studied in the present work. Only the nitro-derivatives of these compounds were found to display inhibitory activity. The study of the mechanism of inhibition by nitro-benzofurazans/benzofuroxans showed that they impede the substrate DNA binding at the integrase active site. These inhibitors were also active against integrase mutants resistant to raltegravir, which is the first HIV-1 integrase inhibitor approved for clinical use. The comparison of computer-aided estimations of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds studied and raltegravir led us to conclude that these compounds show promise and need to be further studied as potential HIV-1 integrase inhibitors.
AZT 5’-Phosphonates: Achievements and Trends in the Treatment and Prevention of HIV Infection
Authors: Khandazhinskaya А. L. , Shirokova E. A.
Published: July 2019

Despite the numerous drawbacks, 3-azido-3-deoxythymidine (AZT, Zidovudine, Retrovir) remains one of the key drugs used in the treatment and prevention of HIV infection in both monotherapy and HAART. A strategy in searching for new effective and safe AZT agents among latent (depot) forms of AZT has yielded its first positive results. In particular, the sodium salt of AZT 5-H-phosphonate (Nikavir, phosphazide) has demonstrated clinical advantages over parent AZT: first and foremost, lower toxicity and better tolerability. It can be effectively used for the prevention of vertical transmission from mothers to babies and as an alternative drug for HIV-infected patients with low tolerance to Zidovudine. Preclinical studies of another phosphonate, AZT 5-aminocarbonylphosphonate, have demonstrated that it releases AZT when taken orally. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown a prolonged action potential. Based on the analysis of both toxicological and pharmacological data, AZT 5-aminocarbonylphosphonate has been recommended for clinical trials.
A Brief Review on Methodology of Cryptanalysis
Authors: Rao K V Srinivasa , Naidu M M , Prasad R. Satya
Published: July 2019

Cryptanalysis comes into deferent forms in order to support that rigorous analysis of the structure cryptographic primitive to evaluate and verify its claimed security margins. This analysis will follow the attack models represented previously in order to exploit possible weakness in the primitive. Thus, achieving the associated attack goals which will vary from a distinguishing attack to a total break that is deﬁned based on the security margins or claims of the primitive under study. For example, for a hash function, total break constitutes ﬁnding a collision or obtaining the message from the hash value. While in block ciphers it revolves around recovering the secret key. When it comes to the claimed security margins, the design approaches will follow certain security models as in provable security or practical security or a mixture of both. The role of cryptanalyst is to subject these primitives to diﬀerent existing categories of cryptanalysis approaches and tailor new ones that will push the design’s security margins if possible to new limits where these attacks are not applicable any more This chapter will introduce the prominent methods of cryptanalysis that utilize certain behavior in the cipher structure. Such behavior disturbs the assumed randomness of the output or the cipher text. This Paper will explore the basic deﬁnitions of prominent cryptanalysis methods that targets the speciﬁc structure of a cipher namely diﬀerential and linear cryptanalysis and their diﬀerent variants. It will also discuss other potential crytpanalytic methods that are usually used in symmetric-key ciphers analysis especially block ciphers.
Implementation of K-Means Algorithm using Clustering Rules on Medical Data Sets
Authors: Chandrika N. Raga , Aruna Vipparla
Published: July 2019

During the process of mining frequent item sets, when minimum support is little, the production of candidate sets is a kind of time-consuming and frequent operation in the mining algorithm. The K-Means algorithm does not need to produce the candidate sets, the database which provides the frequent item set is compressed to a frequent pattern tree (or FP tree), and frequent item set is mining by using of FP tree. These algorithms considered as efficient because of their compact structure and also for less generation of candidates itemsets compare to Apriori and Apriori like algorithms. Therefore this paper aims to presents a basic Concepts of some of the algorithms (K-Means Algorithmn, COFI-Tree, CT-PRO) based upon the FP- Tree like structure for mining the frequent item sets along with their capabilities and comparisons. Data mining implementation on spatial data to generate rules and patterns using Frequent Pattern (FP)-Growth algorithm is the major concern of this research study. We presented in this paper how data mining can apply on spatial data.
Developing and Implementing A System for Shipping Companies Comparison
Authors: Al-Theeb Rawan , Al-Tami Hessa , Al-Johani Hadeel , Al-Mutairi Asalah , Al-Marashdeh Ibrahim , K. Alsmadi Mutasem , Alshabanah Muneerah , Alrajhi Daniah
Published: July 2019

Information-intensive Web services such as shipping comparison sites have recently been gaining popularity. However, most users including novice shoppers have difficulty in browsing such sites because of the massive amount of information gathered and the uncertainty surrounding Web environments. The aim of this research is to design a system which is called Shohnati to perform all procedures related to the order of shipment, and to store and process all information relating to customers or shipping companies in a database. Through this research, the customers will be able to order the shipment more easily by providing a complete comparison between the shipping companies, request the shipment from the preferred company's site, follow the shipment, and follow the latest offers of companies on our site. The proposed system was developed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Visual Studio-ASP.NET programming language.
市政道路工程建设中的水泥稳定碎石基层施工技术分析
Authors: 周 春涛
Published: July 2019

水泥稳定碎石是指的是将碎石作为骨料,再应用相关的胶凝材料合成灰浆填充骨料中存留的缝隙,依照嵌挤原理摊铺而成,其是一种半刚性结构,目前广泛应用于市政道路工程建设中。为了充分发挥其作用,本文阐述了水泥稳定碎石的主要特征以及水泥稳定碎石基层施工技术应用的必要性,对市政道路工程建设中的水泥稳定碎石基层施工技术要点进行了探讨分析。
高原地区冻土路基施工技术探讨
Authors: 贾 烁 , 吴 启刚
Published: July 2019

高原地区由于冬季气温较低,夏季雨水较多,自然环境较为恶劣,冻土区这种情况更甚,从而为冻土路基施工的开展带来了诸多阻碍。此时施工人员就需要先深入分析冻土区路基基本情况,然后在此基础上采用适宜的施工技术,才能够更好地确保冻土路基施工质量,进而确保高原冻土区公路建设质量。
建筑工程施工技术及现场施工管理研究
Authors: 蒋 福德
Published: July 2019

随着我国社会的快速发展,各领域对建筑工程质量提出了更高的要求,工程质量直接决定着建筑企业的市场竞争力。对于当前的建筑工程来说,施工技术和现场的施工管理都会影响到施工整体的质量水平,随着建筑行业竞争日益加剧,建筑企业也必须注重施工技术创新与管理,加强施工现场的管理。只有加强对建筑工程施工技术和现场管理的研究,才能帮助人们更深入地了解其内容和要点,进而在建筑技术和管理中发挥更好的作用。本文就目前我国建筑工程施工中的技术以及现场施工管理的意义及措施进行研究,为相关的工作人员提供一定的参考和借鉴。
新型EP多层复合防水卷材施工技术
Authors: 李 日红
Published: July 2019

本文首先分析了防水卷材材料的特点,然后就其适用范围以及工艺原理进行了简要说明,进而在此基础上,就施工工艺流程与操作要点进行了详细探究,希望本文的论述可以更好为新型EP多层复合防水卷材施工技术的发展提供帮助。
船舶电气设备故障及对策分析
Authors: 卢 家鑫 , 杨 新克
Published: July 2019

随着社会的高速发展,机械化自动化渐渐充斥着我们的生活,船舶行业也不例外,近年来研发出了很多船舶自动化设备,大大节约了人力物力,提高了船舶出行效率。对于船舶设备,电气设备是其主要的构成部分,对于船舶的行驶安全性有着很重要的作用。在电气自动化技术快速发展的当今时代,船舶电气线路故障已经成为一种发生率较高的船舶故障。为此,该文根据丰富的工作经验总结归纳出各种电气设备电气线路常见故障发生的原因以及处理方法,为技术人员的维护和检修工作提供理论指导。
论绿色建筑施工与可持续发展
Authors: 赵 华
Published: July 2019

在全面贯彻可持续发展理念的影响下,绿色建筑成为建筑行业的主流趋势。基于此,本文主要介绍了绿色建筑施工的基本概念与核心技术,并提出了切实可行的施工措施,旨在促进建筑行业的良好发展,为打造节约型城市贡献力量。
BIM的工程造价精细化管理
Authors: 周 乐姗 , 江 春平
Published: July 2019

随着建筑技术的不断发展,我国各大建筑企业都已经在实际工作中深入应用BIM技术进行施工精细化管理.BIM技术不仅能够大大提升建筑工程的建设速率,同时对于建筑质量以及工程成本都有相当的影响作用,因此BIM技术已经成为了建筑企业技术能力的重要标志,对于BIM技术的应用能力也成为了衡量企业实际建造能力的重要因素。本文将针对BIM技术在工程造价精细化管理中的特点以及应用价值进行分析。
建筑工程造价控制现状及问题分析
Authors: 刘 碧珍
Published: July 2019

城市化的发展,为建筑行业的发展注入了新的活力,在扩大建筑市场的同时,也为建筑行业带来了更为激烈的市场竞争,而建筑企业想要在这种情况下,占据更多的市场份额,实现经济效益的有效获取,需要在确保工程质量的同时,对工程造价进行有效的控制,以此来降低工程的成本投入,提升资金的利用率,这样才能有效增强企业的核心竞争力,使其平稳发展得到相应的保障。所以,本文针对建筑工程造价控制进行讨论,对当前的控制情况加以了解,并对强化造价控制的具体措施进行探讨和描述,希望能够对企业造价控制水平的提升产生一定的推动作用。
园林绿化工程后期养护管理探讨
Authors: 林 书贺
Published: July 2019

随着我国综合发展不断提升,国家对于环境问题越来越重视。各领域工作都给予环境一定的破坏,进而我国也提出相应的政策对环境进行调整,这也促进园林绿化工程的发展。在园林绿化工程中,后期养护管理有至关重要的作用,而且还是一个长期的持续工作。本文简述现阶段园林绿化养护管理存在的问题进行分析,并提出相应的解决方案,希望园林绿化工程发展能够进一步提升。
公路工程软土路基施工技术探讨
Authors: 王 乾锋
Published: July 2019

路基是公路建设过程中的重要组成,需要承受路面压力,这就要求公路工程的路基要具有稳定性、高强度、耐久性。而在公路工程路基施工过程中,施工难度昀大的就是软土路基,因此,在公路工程的实际建设施工阶段,施工人员要注重采用相应的软土路基施工技术,有效的提高路基施工质量,从而延长公路的使用寿命。
试论建筑装饰工程中防水施工技术的应用
Authors: 唐 睿莹
Published: July 2019

随着社会生活条件的不断改善,人们越来越重视自身的生活质量,对防水条件的要求也在不断提高。建筑工程防水是建筑产品的重要功能。它与建筑物的使用价值,使用条件和卫生条件有关,影响着人们的生产活动,工作和生活质量,对于保证工程质量具有重要的地位。本文对建筑装饰工程防水工程施工技术要点进行了初步分析。
浅析环保材料在土木建筑工程中的应用
Authors: 张 春霞
Published: July 2019

土木建筑工程中的环保材料一般都具有可重复使用、可循环使用、可再生使用的原则,并且可以达到国家环境保护标准以及属于无毒、无害、无污染。因此为了促进建筑业的可持续发展,本文概述了环保材料,阐述了环保材料在土木建筑工程中应用的重要意义,对环保材料在土木建筑工程中的应用进行了探讨分析。
绿色建筑工程造价预算与成本控制分析
Authors: 罗 丽丹
Published: July 2019

随着人们的环保意识逐渐增强,建筑行业中融入了更加具体的绿色理念,创建新型绿色建筑工程也成为了行业发展的必然。新型绿色建筑工程这一概念的提出为建筑项目工程建设的各个方面提出了更高的要求,其中,如何做好绿色建筑工程造价预算与成本控制就是当前建筑工程造价发展面临的挑战。作为未来建筑发展和设计的趋势,研究其工程造价的预算和成本控制模型对提高整体的建筑质量、降低工程开销具有非常重要的意义。对此,文章就绿色建筑工程造价预算与成本控制进行了分析。
市政工程建设项目的前期管理与应用
Authors: 常 少忠 , 郦 姝行
Published: July 2019

市政工程的管理工作中,前期管理占有很大的比重及影响力。市政工程实施中,应该提高对项目前期管理的重视度,把控前期管理的过程,确保前期管理的科学性及合理性,以免影响市政工程的项目实施,充分发挥前期管理的作用,保证市政工程管理工作的有效性。如何做好市政工程的建设成了一个很重要的课题,本文就市政工程项目建设前期工作的内容、流程及所面临的问题进行分析,归纳出了前期工作的几项重点问题。
建筑工程房地产管理技术探索
Authors: 莫 仁东
Published: July 2019

本文结合笔者工程管理实践经验,提出作为房地产开发商在工程施工中如何有效地管理项目,确保项目的优质高效完成,旨在为同类工程提供参考借鉴。
多功能空气源热泵系统及其研究进展
Authors: 孙 艳红 , 穆 欢
Published: July 2019

多功能空气源热泵作为一种节能环保装置,可利用了再生能源缓解能源短缺和环境恶化等问题,但其技术不够完善阻碍了推广和应用。通过总结研究学者近些年对多功能空气源热泵的相关研究,分别从新型系统、性能研究等方面对今后的研究方向作出展望。