bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulatory roles of TRIM28 and USP39 in mRNA splicing
Authors:   , Matković Vigor
Published: January 2025

In recent years, different scientific studies have highlighted the dependence between mRNA splicing and post-translational modifications, but underlying mechanisms and protein interactions remained poorly explored. Despite the broad recognition of post-translational modifications in the context of splicing regulation, exploring their dynamic changes in the context of large spliceosome complexes still remains understudied.
My doctoral thesis presents a study investigating the link between E3 ligase TRIM28 and pre-mRNA splicing through studies done with tri-snRNP spliceosomal protein USP39. USP39 was identified to be SUMOylated, particularly by SUMO2. SUMOylation of USP39 was mediated by TRIM28. Interaction between USP39 and TRIM28 was phosphorylation-dependent, affecting USP39's role in spliceosomal function and SUMOylation processes. VENUS bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) binding assays shown in this thesis elucidated phosphorylation-dependent binding of TRIM28 to USP39 in spliceosomal complex, highlighting the dynamic nature of these interactions. The depletion of TRIM28 induced significant alterations in the splicing events of genes associated with the kinase activity, impacting on signaling pathways inside of mammalian cells. Gene ontology analyses indicated that significant amount of SUMOylated proteins were involved in RNA splicing and mRNA processing. iCLIP2 binding assays demonstrated that USP39 binds primarily to exonic and intronic regions of protein-coding RNAs and snRNAs, prooving a role in splicing regulation. Finally, efforts to target USP39 for degradation using PROTACs, identified compound XC26 as a potential binder, indicating a promising avenue for developing future USP39 inhibitors.
In conclusion, my doctoral work explained USP39's role in spliceosomal interactions and its regulation via TRIM28 SUMOylation. Notably, I found that TRIM28 phosphorylation disrupts interaction of TRIM28 with USP39. My thesis work dealt with the revealing of novel mechanisms, post translational modifications and regulatory roles of TRIM28 and USP39 in mRNA splicing, providing a comprehensive understanding of USP39's functions and potential therapeutic targeting.
Wastewater treatment facilities in the north of the Irkutsk Oblast: the current state
Authors: Vasilevich E. E. , Lavygina O. L. , Dudarev V. I.
Published: January 2025

Operation of centralized wastewater disposal systems requires not only technical, but also organizational measures. The efficiency of these measures can be assessed by increasing the quality of wastewater treatment. The analysis of operation of facilities in the northern conditions and the zone of sharply continental climate demonstrates a number of issues that require urgent solution. According to the studies of biological wastewater treatment in such conditions, a comprehensive approach should be taken, considering climatic parameters and conditions of their operation, along with technological features of wastewater treatment plants. The paper considers the performance indicators of two water treatment plants located in the northern districts of Irkutsk Oblast. Insufficient wastewater treatment for some pollutants was revealed. A complex analysis was carried out, which identified a number of possible causes of exceeded concentrations of pollutants. Maximum permissible concentrations set for fishery water bodies were used as normative indicators. In order to provide a more complete and in-depth analysis, each stage of treatment should be evaluated according to the implemented scheme in accordance with the project and the developed technological regulations, and the optimal parameters and wastewater analyses should be specified step-by-step. A preliminary analysis resulted in a number of measures to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment and to justify the introduction of a system for the quality control of wastewater discharged by consumers.
Investigation of secondary mineral formation in potable water intake wells
Authors: Karmalov A. I. , Skolubovich Yu. L. , Chupin R. V. , Melekhov E. S.
Published: January 2025

The intensification of the operational efficiency of water intake wells, their reliability and safety for the population are considered relevant in terms of the operational practice of water supply systems for urban areas. Due to the lack of regulatory and legislative frameworks for water intake wells, inadequate maintenance protocols, as well as untimely routine and major repairs, many of these wells operate inefficiently, become clogged, and prematurely come out of action. A considerable percentage of non-functional wells are put into conservation without any restoration. Instead, new wells are drilled, causing significant harm to the environment and the earth's interior. In order to restore non-functional wells and enhance the efficiency of those still in operation, it is essential to investigate the processes that lead to the substantial accumulation of sediment, and to identify methods for their removal and prevention. The construction of water intake wells involves casing pipes and wire or mesh filters, which consist of frameworks with slot openings of various diameters. All components are made of steel, and are thus susceptible to corrosion and biofouling. They exhibit low efficiency, reliability, and durability. Important indicators include consideration of the material composition of sediments, their structural and mineralogical characteristics, as well as the mechanisms of sediment formation. The paper presents the results of the investigation of chemical, physicochemical, biological, and bacteriological clogging of water intake well filters, as well as discovers the mechanisms of these processes, develops diagnostic tools, introduces new technologies and systems for the restoration of non-functional wells, and, finally, provides guidelines for their effective operation.
Combining parametric discreteness and continuity for analyzing dynamic models of structures
Authors: Sobolev V. I. , Karmazinov D. A. , Chernigovskaya T. N.
Published: January 2025

This paper describes a method for building dynamic models that contain rod bending elements with distributed and concentrated inertial and stiffness parameters, and their analysis based on the harmonic element method. As a rule, the vibration effects of structures are calculated on the basis of mass discretization, although the application of such methods entails certain difficulties.

Discrete models are considered to be a priori approximations with limited possibilities of error estimation. The dynamic parameters of the model vary depending on its dimensionality as well as on the transformation methods. Numerical results with arrays and matrices of high dimensionality make it difficult to analyze and evaluate the calculation results. Therefore, structural calculations for stationary dynamic effects based on the use of elements with distributed and concentrated masses prevent the above-mentioned consequences of full discretization. However, such discrete-continuum (hybrid) dynamic models require the sewing of heterogeneous elements at the formation stage. In addition, some complications occur when solving these combined systems containing ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. These issues can be solved by using the author's harmonic element method, implementing the nodal sewing of heterogeneous elements, as well as providing solutions as amplitudes of oscillations of the combined model nodes along certain necessary directions. The specified features of the proposed method allow us to identify it as a separate class with the name of the harmonic element method.
Urban planning preconditions for the development of tourist and recreational potential of the Irkutsk region
Authors: Bobryshev D. V. , Usacheva V. V.
Published: January 2025

The paper examines the fundamental approaches to the formation of regional tourist and recreational systems within urban planning theory and practice. To explore the urban planning preconditions for the territorial and spatial development of tourism in the Irkutsk region. The objectives include summarizing the theoretical principles of tourism organization in urban planning, identifying systemic factors in the development of regional tourist and recreational systems, and determining the territorial and spatial preconditions for tourism development based on an analysis of the tourist and recreational potentials of the Irkutsk region. The study provides a methodological synthesis of the foundations of tourist and recreational activities within the frameworks of territorial planning and functional-typological models of urban planning analysis, highlighting factors and evaluation indicators for the sustainable development of the spatial structure of tourism as a subsystem of regional settlement. The paper reviews the Russian practice of planning and implementing the concepts of regional tourism systems. The territorial organization of tourism and recreation in the Irkutsk region is analyzed in terms of a landscapetopological context, resource potential, and the established settlement framework. The fundamental approaches to the urban planning organization of the tourist and recreation system of the Irkutsk region are presented in terms of the planning structure of the framework as a hierarchically subordinate system of the main, secondary and auxiliary axes based on transport, historical-cultural and naturalresource contexts. The paper introduces a proposal for organizing extra-framework (zonal) elements of the system, establishing the background for tourism development and nature conservation based on strict nature reserves of federal, regional, and local significance.
Modern Orthodox church in Kaliningrad as an object of wooden church architecture
Authors: Shabiev S. G. , Kvach V. A. , Moiseeva E. D.
Published: January 2025

A team of architects headed by V.A. Kvach developed a preliminary design for a wooden church in a modern style in Kaliningrad. The church is designed to accommodate 300 parishioners. The study methodology involves research and comparative analysis of church architectures both in Russian and international contexts, establishing canonical approaches to temple architecture. Additionally, the project incorporates volumetric modeling and variant design solutions for the building located in the southwestern part of the city, situated on the isthmus between Ushakovsky Lagoon and Forelevy Island. These methodologies facilitated a unique preliminary design for an Orthodox church in the modern style, taking into account the urban planning conditions. The project presents an eclectic image of the church, which harmoniously integrates into the historical environment of the ancient city. The architectural complex comprises a church building, a baptistery chapel, a clergy house, and a heavenly garden. The project suggests a single-span tent-shaped temple featuring ten domes, with the central part of the building designed as an elongated octagon, adjacent to the bell tower, narthex, sanctuary, and others. The volumetric-spatial composition emphasizes two vertical focal points – the bell tower and sanctuary – which create an urban dominant. The stylistics of the Orthodox church embraces traditions of various cultures and religious denominations from the westernmost region of Russia. An ensemble development is organically integrated into the surrounding landscape. The architectural and artistic techniques employed and developed in the preliminary design can be implemented in the design process of temple projects in Russia and in many countries around the world.
Thermal expansion and ionic conductivity of K5Pb0,5Zr1,5 (MoO4)6
Authors: Kovtunets E. V. , Spiridonova T. S. , Tushinova Yu. L. , Logvinova A. V. , Bazarova T. T. , Bazarov B. G.
Published: January 2025

The present study is aimed at the directed synthesis of a new ternary molybdate K5Pb0.5Zr1.5(MoO4)6 isostructural to K5Pb0.5Hf1.5(MoO4)6 by solid-phase reaction within the temperature range of 350–550 °С (for 100 h). The compound crystallizes in the rhombohedral system with the space group R3̅  and unit cell parameters of a = 10.6604(2) Å, c = 37.9769(9) Å, and V = 3737.6(2) Å3. The structure was refined using the Rietveld method. The atomic positions were refined in the isotropic approximation, with soft constraints on Mo–O distances and O–Mo–O bond angles. The crystal structure constitutes a 3D scaffold comprising PbO6 and ZrO6 octahedrons and MoO4 tetrahedrons sharing oxygen vertices. The thermal expansion of K5Pb0.5Zr1.5(MoO4)6 was studied via high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction. The calculated thermal expansion coefficients along both crystallographic axes remain positive over the entire temperature range. In this case, the value of αa remains constant, while that of αc increases with rising temperature. The obtained ternary molybdate belongs to materials with high thermal expansion (αV = 60×10-6 °С-1). The significant anisotropy in the crystallographic direction c can be attributed to the soft K–O and Pb-O bonds. The electrical conductivity of K5Pb0.5Zr1.5(MoO4)6 was studied via impedance spectroscopy within the temperature range of 30–500 °С; at 500 °С, the conductivity amounted to 0.7×10-4 S/cm, with Ea = 0.59 eV.
Utilization of the aqueous phase of the hydrothermal liquefaction process as a substrate for microalgae cultivation
Authors: Klementev S. V. , Budenkova E. A. , Kulikova Yu. V. , Sirotkin A. S.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the culturing of nine microalgae strains from the IPPAS collection of IFR RAS using components of the aqueous phase of the excessive activated sludge hydrothermal revitalization process as a substrate. In order to select the most promising cultures, their growth characteristics and efficient removal of NH4+ ions, PO43- and organic compounds were studied. All the studied cultures are shown to be able to utilize components of the aqueous phase as a nutrient substrate. The highest specific growth rate of 0.92 day-1 was observed in the strain Chlorella sp. IPPAS C-1210. However, the Parachlorella kessleri IPPAS C-9 and Chlorella minutissima IPPAS C-123 strains were also promising in terms of their efficiency of pollutant removal from the medium: efficiency of ammonium nitrogen assimilation was 78 and 81%, while phosphate ion assimilation was 89 and 91%, respectively. The biomass composition of C-9 and C-123 cultures was investigated, mainly consisting of polysaccharides – at 41 and 44% – and proteins – at 31 and 25% of the total mass, respectively. A high degree of neutralization of the medium was additionally achieved as a result of consecutive two-stage purification of the aqueous phase of the process of hydrothermal revitalization of excessive activated sludge with the use of microorganisms-destructors (Paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans and Comamonas testosteroni) and the studied microalgae cultures. During 17 days of the purification process, the concentration of ammonium ions decreased from 289.8±14.9 to 51.1±2.2 mg/dm3, phosphates from 116.3±8.1 to 11.3 mg/dm3; the overall efficiency of the process of pollutants removal from the aqueous phase was up to 90%.
Effect of increased gene expression of alternative external NADH dehydrogenase of mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana on the generation of reactive oxygen in Nicotiana tabacum tobacco leaves at low temperatures
Authors: Borovskii G. B. , Gorbyleva E. L. , Katyshev A. I. , Korotaeva N. E. , Polyakova E. A. , Pyatrikas D. V. , Stepanov A. V. , Fedoseeva I. V. , Shigarova A. M.
Published: January 2025

Low temperature is an important factor limiting plant viability and productivity. Along with other stresses, low temperatures increase the generation of reactive oxygen species, which are signaling molecules that can damage cell components. As well as representing one of the main targets of oxidative damage during stress, mitochondria represent a significant source of reactive oxygen species. Plant mitochondria have a large number of enzymes providing alternative electron transport pathways, many of which are activated under stress. Our aim was to assess the effect of low positive temperatures and increased expression of the heterologous gene NDB2 (alternative external NADH dehydrogenase of mitochondria) on the generation of reactive oxygen species, which involve an alternative respiratory chain in mitochondria and the expression of stress proteins under lighting conditions in Nicotiana tabacum tobacco leaves. In the leaves of tobacco plants with increased expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana NDB2 (AtNDB2) gene, a decrease in reactive oxygen species production was observed under normal and low temperature conditions. The results indicate that the heterologous Arabidopsis thaliana NDB2 gene is involved in increasing the activity of the alternative electron transport chain in mitochondria, which reduces the level of reactive oxygen species generation and affects the content of stress proteins under normal and low-temperature exposure.
Emulsion micro- and nanocapsules of the lactoglobulin concentrate / pectin system with essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia stabilized by ultrasound
Authors: Alieva Sh. R. , Qodirova G. A. , Sherova Z. U. , Usmanova S. R. , Muhidinov Z. K.
Published: January 2025

Recent years have seen a rapidly growing interest in the use of plant-isolated bioactive compounds as ingredients in functional food and pharmaceuticals. It is known that food matrix, molecular size, external factors, and gastrointestinal environment can interfere with the bioavailability and absorption of such bioactive compounds in the body. The protection of specified compounds via nanoencapsulation technology can improve their stability. The present work is aimed at studying the application of a delivery system based on emulsion micro- and nanocapsules in the protection of bioactive compounds (essential oils), as well as examining the effect of ultrasound of different amplitudes on the stability of emulsion microcapsules in the protein/pectin system with essential oil. The following parameters were determined: average size of obtained microcapsules, zeta potential, specific surface area of the particles, and viscosity of the disperse system. Ultrasound is shown to initiate the formation of a pectin layer, with the charge density varying on the surface of emulsion particles depending on the applied ultrasonic force. The article presents the optimal ultrasound amplitude for the formation of medium-sized particles having a high specific surface area of 32967 cm2 per 1 mL of the emulsion. The obtained nano- and microparticles with essential oil exhibit good antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. The developed delivery systems based on food biopolymers with identified characteristics may well meet the requirements of the antibacterial drugs market and find their application in the field of functional food development.
Root growth in transgenic tobacco plants with overexpression of the PtrXTH1 gene encoding xyloglucan endotransglycosylase under abiotic stress
Authors: Berezhneva Z. A. , Musin K. G. , Kuluev B. R.
Published: January 2025

Xyloglucan endotransglycosylases are hydrolytic cell wall enzymes that are involved in the regulation and promotion of plant growth. Overexpression of genes encoding xyloglucan endotransglycosylases can have a positive effect on the growth and stress tolerance of transgenic plants; however, the mechanisms of such influence remain poorly understood. This study was aimed at creating transgenic tobacco plants with overexpression of the PtrXTH1 gene encoding aspen xyloglucan endotransglycosylase, as well as conducting a morphophysiological analysis of their roots under abiotic stress. The transgenic tobacco plants were characterized by an increased root length as compared to wild plants, both under optimal conditions and in response to salinity (100 mM sodium chloride), low temperature (12 °C), and cadmium contamination (200 μM cadmium acetate). The area of root parenchyma cells in transgenic tobacco plants is larger as compared to wild plants only under the effect of cadmium acetate, whereas under normal conditions and under low-temperature and salinity stress, no difference in cell size was observed. The PtrXTH1 gene overexpression contributed to the increased total antioxidant capacity in the roots, as well as a higher content of proline, water-soluble sugars, and oxidized and reduced glutathione, in the context of the three stress factors. Thus, the PtrXTH1 transgene stimulates the growth of tobacco roots under normal and abiotic stress conditions, which is accompanied by positive changes in the antioxidant system.
Effect of the sous-vide method and enzymatic rearrangement of giant grenadier muscle tissue on the quality of finished products
Authors: Pivnenko T. N. , Pozdnyakova Yu. M. , Panchishina E. M. , Esipenko R. V.
Published: January 2025

The conducted study was aimed at validating a technology for processing a deep-sea fishing species of the Pacific Basin (giant grenadier) using the sous-vide method and enzymatic rearrangement of muscle tissue. The physicochemical properties of muscle tissue at different processing stages were determined, as well as changes in protein fractions; the proposed technology and conventional heat treatment methods were compared; rational process parameters were established; the stability of finished products during storage and their safety characteristics were analyzed. With the use of different processing methods (cooking in water, steam treatment, and sous-vide), the quality indicators reflect a decrease in density, destruction of the muscle tissue structure, and loss of consumer appeal of finished products in all cases. For the sous-vide method, the process losses were significantly lower, which corresponded to a lower degree of protein denaturation. In order to achieve the required quality indicators, giant grenadier muscle tissue was preliminarily rearranged using transglutaminase to form cross-links between protein molecules. Gelatin and chitosan lactate served as additional substrates, enhancing the polymerization of endogenous proteins. The products maintained their structural integrity with an increase in strength. The paper examines the effect of transglutaminase on the binding of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins with the formation of macromolecular conjugates. With six-month freezer storage of samples, no significant changes in the physicochemical parameters were observed, including the degree of protein denaturation and the strength of finished products. During storage, microbial contamination did not exceed 102 CFU/g for all samples. The addition of chitosan lactate significantly reduced the growth of psychrophilic microorganisms.
Reconstructing volatile evolution in melts using zircon-hosted apatite inclusions: Implications for use of apatite as a fertility indicator
Authors: Li Qiang , Sun Xiang , Deng Jun , Ge Yunzhao , Si Xiaobo , Zheng Xu , Hollings Pete
Published: January 2025

Porphyry Cu deposits are genetically associated with oxidized, hydrous, and volatile-rich (e.g., Cl, S) magmas. Magmatic volatiles are critical to the fertility of magmas associated with porphyry Cu mineralization. A continuous volatile record from volatile-undersaturation to fluid-saturation in the magma reservoir is significant for understanding the genesis of porphyry Cu deposits. Apatite serves as a reliable recorder of the magmatic-hydrothermal history in porphyry Cu systems, with its volatile evolution providing an effective method for identifying the occurrence of volatile saturation. In this study, we measure the compositions of apatites occurring as inclusions in various minerals, including zircons, in both fresh and altered pre-mineralization monzogranite and inter-mineralization monzogranite porphyry from the Zhunuo porphyry Cu deposit in the Gangdese belt, southern Tibet. Cathodoluminescence and composition reveal significant differences between unaltered and hydrothermally altered apatites. Primary magmatic apatites exhibit homogeneous yellow to brown luminescence, whereas hydrothermally altered apatites display a wide range of distinctive luminescence colors (e.g., dull yellow-green, green, and gray). Furthermore, primary magmatic apatites show a significantly higher Mn/Fe ratio (>1.5) and rare earth element (REE) plus Y contents (>4500 ppm) compared to hydrothermally altered apatites (Mn/Fe < 1.5, REE+Y < 4500 ppm). Zircon-hosted apatite inclusions demonstrate decreasing XCl/XOH ratios (∼1.0–0.2) with increasing XF/XOH (2–11) and XF/XCl (4–48) ratios, indicating volatile exsolution during or prior to zircon crystallization in the magma chamber. Phenocryst-hosted apatite inclusions and groundmass apatite crystals have comparable volatile compositions, characterized by higher XF/XOH (5–25) and XF/XCl (15–75) but lower XCl/XOH (mostly < 0.3) compared to zircon-hosted apatites. We infer that the phenocryst-hosted apatite inclusions may have formed during/after fluid exsolution, or may not escape re-equilibration with the residual melt due to the less robust nature of their silicate hosts The calculated melt Cl contents, derived from low-XF/XCl zircon-hosted apatites in the monzogranite porphyry are 0.17 ± 0.06 wt%, overlapping with those of the monzogranite (0.12 ± 0.04 wt%). The relatively high Cl contents of primary ore-forming magmas likely facilitate effective Cu extraction from the melt to hydrothermal fluid. Our study highlights that apatite-in-zircon is more valuable than non-zircon hosted apatite grains for reconstructing melt volatile evolution and could be a better Cu-fertility indicator for porphyry Cu mineralization than other forms of apatite.
Design Of A Resilience Psychoeducation Program For Gifted Adolescents
Authors: Yağbasanlar Osman , Baloğlu Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Introduction: There is a need for in-depth research on the strengths of gifted adolescents and the areas in which they experience difficulties from early childhood to adulthood. Only one of the 11 resilience programs identified in the literature is for gifted adolescents. The research findings will contribute to the field by revealing the elements that should be included in a resilience program for gifted adolescents and developing new programs. Based on the available resilience programs, the elements that a resilience program should have in line with gifted adolescents’ needs were identified, and a program design was presented.
Method: After the content analysis of the resilience programs prepared for children and adolescents, a needs analysis was performed with psychological counselors/guidance teachers working in the field to support gifted students’ social and emotional development.
Findings: A content analysis of 11 resilience programs available in the literature was conducted. Furthermore, based on the data from the needs analysis conducted with 71 female and 43 male psychological counselors/guidance teachers working with gifted students in science and art centers (BİLSEM), the following themes that should be included in a program to be prepared for gifted adolescents were determined, from the most repeated to the least repeated one: Emotional awareness and emotion regulation (f = 243), self-regulation and career (f = 145), challenging life events and stress (f = 125), self-knowledge and self-awareness (f = 117), social awareness and interaction (f = 106), giftedness-related characteristics (f = 82), thinking processes (f = 63), and other (f = 39).
Discussion: The findings from the content analysis and needs analysis of resilience programs were discussed in light of the literature on giftedness. Consequently, a 10-session psychoeducation program including eight main themes/topics was presented as a suggestion.
Seed size and planting position influence growth and fresh yield of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. f.)
Authors: Delphine Mapiemfu-Lamare , Ayong Ayong , Tatah Blaise , Ndi-Buma Andin , Muki Benny , Akem Michael , Achiri Denis , Christopher Suh
Published: January 2025

Una opción para el aumento de la producción de alimentos a través de prácticas innovadoras de manejo de semillas. Se evaluaron tres tamaños de semilla (grande, pequeña y control – cualquier tamaño), dos posiciones de plantación (plana e inclinada) y sus efectos interactivos sobre el crecimiento y rendimiento de la calabaza estriada (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. f.). Hubo un efecto significativo (p<0.05) del tamaño de la semilla y la posición de plantación y una interacción entre el tamaño de la semilla y la posición de plantación en la emergencia, la longitud de la vid y el peso fresco comercializable (rendimiento) de la calabaza estriada. La emergencia de semillas aumentó significativamente (F2,6 = 16.82, p < 0.01) solo cuando las semillas se inclinaron al momento de la siembra y osciló entre 72.2 % y 100 %. La misma tendencia se observó en las dos posiciones de siembra para la semillas pequeñas, con la más alta (100 %) registrada en (pequeña x plana y grande x inclinada) y la más baja (72.2 %) registrada en (pequeña x inclinada). A la 11 semanas después de la siembra se observó la longitud más corta de la vid (135.83 cm) en los tamaños de semilla pequeños inclinados al momento de la siembra y la mayor longitud cuando las semillas pequeñas se plantaron planas. Además, hubo una interacción significativa (p < 0.01) entre el tamaño de la semilla y la posición de siembra en el rendimiento, que aumentó significativamente solo cuando las semillas se inclinaron en la siembra, pero no para la semillas plantadas en la posición plana. A las 11 semanas después de la siembra, el rendimiento fresco comercializable osciló entre 0.49 t.ha-1 para inclinado x pequeño y 0.71 t.ha-1 para plano x pequeño e inclinado x grande, respectivamente. En general, plantar semillas de calabaza estriadas en posición plana puede mejorar la emergencia, el crecimiento y el rendimiento fresco comercializable.
Genic resistance mechanisms of Turcicum leaf blight in early provitamin A quality protein maize
Authors: BELLO Bashir Omolaran , IGE Sunday Ayodele , AFOLABI Micheal Segun
Published: January 2025

Provitamin A quality protein maize (PVA-QPM), as a cost-effective staple maize with improved nutritional quality, has the potential to address malnutrition in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective was to identify early maturing Turcicum leaf blight (TLB)-resistant PVA-QPM hybrids and lines with promising grain quality and yield. There are significant yield discrepancies among the selected PVA-QPM hybrids, with five hybrids - TZEIORQ 11 × TZEIORQ 20, TZEIORQ 11 × TZEIORQ 24, TZEIORQ 20 × TZEIORQ 24, TZEIORQ 22× TZEIORQ 42 and TZEIORQ 24 × TZEIORQ 42 - standing out with an average yield of 6.91 t.ha-1. The inbreds TZEQI 82 and TZEIORQ 69 exhibited notably low disease scores. The inbreds TZEIORQ 2, TZEIORQ 11, TZEIORQ 20, and TZEIORQ 70 displayed exceptional characteristics. There were significant mean squares of specific combining ability (SCA) and general combining ability (GCA) for all traits suggest that the genetic variations governing these traits are primarily influenced by additive effects. The genetic studies conducted on various traits, except TLB resistance, have indicated a positive and significant impact on GCA. There were high SCA variances for all the traits across the selected twenty-two crosses. These findings confirm that traditional breeding methods can increase maize resistance to TLB disease and develop new cultivars with high disease resistance, grain quality, and yield.
Rupito (1953/1984) de Leonidas Proaño: una novela juvenil ecuatoriana en el marco de la teología de la liberación
Authors: Landázuri Suárez Carlos Andrés
Published: January 2025

El artículo busca hacer una valoración de Rupito, novela escrita por el sacerdote ecuatoriano Leonidas Proaño, en el marco de la corriente conocida como teología de la liberación. Escrita originalmente en 1953, Rupito antecede a la emergencia continental de esta corriente teológica que marcó el pensamiento y la acción de una facción progresista de la Iglesia católica latinoamericana a partir de la década de 1960. No obstante, en su propuesta pueden reconocerse ya algunos de los elementos fundamentales que hicieran significativo el aporte de Proaño a esa postura regional, por lo que es válido acercarse a ella desde esa perspectiva para abrir la posibilidad de una interpretación de la obra —poco reconocida en el marco de la novelística ecuatoriana— en una dimensión más abierta y compleja. Para realizar la lectura propuesta, se vincula tanto la labor pastoral como la postura intelectual del “obispo rojo” del Ecuador con los planteamientos en torno a la teología de la liberación de autores como el alemán/costarricense Franz Hinkelammert o el peruano Gustavo Gutiérrez, y se explican dichas posturas con relación al universo narrativo que presenta la novela.
EFFECT OF PENETRATION POSITIONS BULLETS ON A PERFORATED PLATE AGAINST BALLISTIC RESISTANCE OF FIBER METAL LAMINATE (FML)
Authors: Fadly Muhammad Syaiful , Purnowidodo Anindito , Setyarini Putu Hadi , Mustafa Mustafa , Hamzah Muhammad Sadat
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the phenomena that occur due to projectile penetration on fiber metal laminate. Ballistic testing was carried out experimentally according to National Institute of Justice standards (NIJ Standard 0101.06 level III-A) using a 9 mm full-metal jacket projectile with a normal angle of attack (90° to the target). The results showed that fiber metal laminate could withstand the projectile rate by penetrating the first layer (aluminum plate) and the second layer (aramid/epoxy), while the last layer was deformed to form a bulge. The pierced aluminum plate is characterized by petalling failure. Meanwhile, the aramid/epoxy was penetrated by the projectile with failure of the primary yarn to break the fiber.
THE EFFECT OF COMPRESSOR WASH ON GAS TURBINE TEMPERATURE OF TURBOFAN ENGINE
Authors: Abubakar Abubakar , Wijayanti Widya
Published: January 2025

In this study, the impact of compressor washing on improving the performance and engine life of a turbofan engine is analyzed. The purpose of this research is to determine the outcomes resulting from the compressor wash treatment, as well as the patterns and characteristics of engine deterioration rates in each block cycle following the wash. It also aims to identify the optimal timing for conducting a compressor wash to achieve the most favorable results and maximize the on-wing life of the engine. This research was conducted using an analytical method, which involved analyzing the data received from the Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) to assess the influence of engine performance and deterioration characteristics on the conducted compressor wash. One set of temperature margin data analyzed reveals the benefits of washing in terms of the turbine gas temperature (TGT) margin. It shows a 7°C increase in the TGT margin, indicating improved performance, but a 3.1°C decrease in the unrecoverable margin. Furthermore, the analysis of the margin data per 100 cycles indicates that the rate of deterioration is steeper during the initial 300 cycles compared to the subsequent cycles. Based on these findings, it is recommended to conduct the compressor washing process at around 300 cycles to maximize engine life and achieve enhanced efficiency.
Privacy Regulations and HR Data Management: Compliance Challenges and Best Practices
Authors: Vikhyat Singhal
Published: January 2025

Privacy regulations have become increasingly stringent in recent years, impacting how organizations manage HR data. This research explores the compliance challenges faced by HR departments in adhering to privacy regulations and identifies best practices for effective HR data management. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies, and interviews with HR professionals, this study aims to provide insights into the complexities of navigating privacy regulations in the corporate HR landscape. Key themes include the impact of regulations such as GDPR and CCPAon HR data practices, challenges in data collection, storage, and sharing, and strategies for ensuring compliance while maintaining employee privacy. By addressing these issues, organizations can develop robust HR data management policies that not only meet regulatory requirements but also foster trust and transparency in their workforce relationships.
Data Analysis and Visualization for the AirBNB User Pathways
Authors: Sneha Jain  , Shivangi Sharma  , Mamta Sharma  , Palash Sharma
Published: January 2025

This study examines how AirBNB utilizes user pathway information to enhance customer satisfaction. AirBNB, a quickly growing online platform for housing, prioritizes user satisfaction by constantly enhancing its interface and features. This method heavily depends on analyzing data. By analyzing user paths, AirBNB gains insights into user behavior and preferences. This information is used to improve search recommendations, make booking smoother, and identify areas needing enhancement. In conclusion, AirBNB aims to provide a smooth and satisfying customer experience through their data-driven strategy.
An empirical study of Consumer’s perceptions towards Corporate Social Responsibility: A Case Study of Tata Consumer Products Limited
Authors: Vivek Kumar Gupta  , Amit Kumar Singh  , Krishna Kumar Agarwal
Published: January 2025

Today, corporate social responsibility is a vital part of corporate strategy in companies due to government regulations and social awareness. According to the rule of CSR, every eligible company has to make policies for social development. Therefore, Tata Consumer products ltd. considers the CSR policy. This research paper studies the perceptions of consumers towards CSR for the company and the main objective of the research paper is to analysis of the impact of corporate social responsibility on the consumers’ perceptions during buying products of the company. In this modern world, People are very concerned about the environment, society and the ecosystem. Therefore Corporate social responsibility has been mentioned under the company act 2013 section 135, schedule VII, In this schedule has been clearly defined each item related to societal development. The paper focuses on the various factors, which are affected on the consumers ‘perception. The research paper study is based on primary and secondary data, which reveals the impact of CSR on consumers’perceptions.
Assessment of Geriatric Problems and Risk Factors for Delirium in Surgical Medicine: Protocol for Multidisciplinary Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Möllmann Henriette Louise , Alhammadi Eman , Boulghoudan Soufian , Kuhlmann Julian , Mevissen Anica , Olbrich Philipp , Rahm Louisa , Frohnhofen Helmut
Published: January 2025

Background

An aging population in combination with more gentle and less stressful surgical procedures leads to an increased number of operations on older patients. This collectively raises novel challenges due to higher age heavily impacting treatment. A major problem, emerging in up to 50% of cases, is perioperative delirium. It is thus vital to understand whether and which existing geriatric assessments are capable of reliably identifying risk factors, how high the incidence of delirium is, and whether the resulting management of these risk factors might lead to a reduced incidence of delirium.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the frequency and severity of geriatric medical problems in elective patients of the Clinics of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vascular Surgery, and Orthopedics, General Surgery, and Trauma Surgery, revealing associations with the incidence of perioperative delirium regarding potential risk factors, and recording the long-term effects of geriatric problems and any perioperative delirium that might have developed later the patient’s life.

Methods

We performed both pre- and postoperative assessments in patients of 4 different surgical departments who are older than 70 years. Patient-validated screening instruments will be used to identify risk factors. A geriatric assessment with the content of basal and instrumental activities of daily living (basal activities of daily living [Katz index], instrumental activities of daily living [Lawton and Brody score], cognition [6-item screener and clock drawing test], mobility [de Morton Mobility Index and Sit-to-Stand test], sleep [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Insomnia Severity Index/STOP-BANG], drug therapy [polypharmacy and quality of medication, Fit For The Aged classification, and anticholinergic burden score], and pain assessment and delirium risk (Delirium Risk Assessment Tool) will be performed. Any medical problems detected will be treated according to current standards, and no intervention is planned as part of the study. In addition, a telephone follow-up will be performed 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge.

Results

Recruitment started in August 2022, with 421 patients already recruited at the time of submission. Initial analyses of the data are to be published at the end of 2024 or the beginning of 2025.

Conclusions

In the current study, we investigate whether the risk factors addressed in the assessment are associated with an increase in the delirium rate. The aim is then to reduce this comprehensive assessment to the central aspects to be able to conduct targeted and efficient risk screening.

Trial Registration

German Clinical Trials Registry DRKS00028614; https://www.drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00028614

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/59203
AI Can Be a Powerful Social Innovation for Public Health if Community Engagement Is at the Core
Authors: Bazzano Alessandra N , Mantsios Andrea , Mattei Nicholas , Kosorok Michael R , Culotta Aron
Published: January 2025

There is a critical need for community engagement in the process of adopting artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in public health. Public health practitioners and researchers have historically innovated in areas like vaccination and sanitation but have been slower in adopting emerging technologies such as generative AI. However, with increasingly complex funding, programming, and research requirements, the field now faces a pivotal moment to enhance its agility and responsiveness to evolving health challenges. Participatory methods and community engagement are key components of many current public health programs and research. The field of public health is well positioned to ensure community engagement is part of AI technologies applied to population health issues. Without such engagement, the adoption of these technologies in public health may exclude significant portions of the population, particularly those with the fewest resources, with the potential to exacerbate health inequities. Risks to privacy and perpetuation of bias are more likely to be avoided if AI technologies in public health are designed with knowledge of community engagement, existing health disparities, and strategies for improving equity. This viewpoint proposes a multifaceted approach to ensure safer and more effective integration of AI in public health with the following call to action: (1) include the basics of AI technology in public health training and professional development; (2) use a community engagement approach to co-design AI technologies in public health; and (3) introduce governance and best practice mechanisms that can guide the use of AI in public health to prevent or mitigate potential harms. These actions will support the application of AI to varied public health domains through a framework for more transparent, responsive, and equitable use of this evolving technology, augmenting the work of public health practitioners and researchers to improve health outcomes while minimizing risks and unintended consequences.
Smart Stroke Rehabilitation and Scoring Framework using Artificial Intelligence and Smartphone (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Kaichen , Stevens Emily A , Savitz Sean , Jiang Xiaoqian , Shams Shayan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Post-stroke upper extremity assessment is crucial for monitoring stroke recovery, yet it often remains inaccessible to patients in underserved communities. Existing artificial intelligence-based assessments frequently depend on expensive, cumbersome hardware and show limited classification performance and automation, restricting their scalability and accessibility.

OBJECTIVE

To address these challenges, we propose an end-to-end deep-learning-driven framework for accurate and automated scoring of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment - Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) using video data captured by smartphones, aiming to bboth scalability and accuracy in post-stroke recovery assessment.

METHODS

The proposed framework consists of two key modules: First, a top-down joint location (JL) module detects 2D body and hand joint coordinates from smartphone videos. These joint locations are then processed through a novel centering and sampling pipeline, yielding a structured matrix of coordinates. Next, a classification module employs a 3D heatmap mechanism to extract spatiotemporal features from the coordinates via 3D convolution. The framework was evaluated on real-world data from stroke patients, focusing on 14 out of 30 FMA-UE items. Accuracy and F1-scores were used to to compare the proposed framework against existing methods.

RESULTS

Our model achieved an accuracy ranging from 82.6% to 95.3% across the evaluated FMA-UE items, with an average accuracy of 88.6% and an F1-score of 0.883. These results demonstrate the model's effectiveness in various assessment tasks. Compared to existing methods, the proposed framework exhibited superior performance, providing accurate, automated, and scalable assessment.

CONCLUSIONS

We demonstrate the feasibility of a smartphone-based, deep-learning-powered system for FMA-UE autoscoring in post-stroke recovery assessment. By offering high accuracy alongside ease of use and scalability, this framework presents a promising solution for both clinical and at-home rehabilitation, potentially leading to broader adoption in stroke recovery diagnostics.