bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Long COVID symptoms with triple anticoagulant therapy
Authors: Laubscher Gert J , Khan M Asad , Venter Chantelle , Pretorius Jan H , Kell Douglas B , Pretorius Etheresia
Published: March 2023

Background: Fibrin(ogen) amyloid microclots and platelet hyperactivation are key pathological findings in patients with acute COVID-19 infection and also in those with Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). These pathologies may represent a suitable target for pharmacological treatment of Long COVID.
Methods: Here we report on the symptoms displayed by a cohort of 91 South African Long COVID patients at baseline and after a clinician-initiated anticoagulant regime was completed. For laboratory analysis, patients provided a blood sample before and after treatment. Fibrinaloid microclot presence was studied by adding thioflavin T to platelet poor plasma (PPP), whilst platelet hyperactivation was studied using two platelet markers- PAC1 and CD62P (P-selectin). The anticoagulant regime included dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT- Clopidogrel 75mg + Aspirin 75mg) once a day, and a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC- Apixaban) 5mg twice a day. A proton pump inhibitor (PPI) pantoprazole 40 mg/day was also prescribed for gastric protection. Each of the treated cases reported their main Long COVID symptoms, and whether their symptoms resolved following treatment or not.
Results: In our cohort a most participants did not report any comorbidities before acute COVID-19 infection. Hypertension and dyslipidaemia were the commonest underlying illnesses, whilst the most commonly reported Long COVID symptoms included fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, shortness of breath, and joint and muscle pains. Following completion of treatment, each of the different symptoms resolved in the majority of patients. This was also reflected in the laboratory analysis, where a decrease in the severity of fibrin amyloid microclotting and the degree of platelet pathology was noted. No serious adverse bleeding events were reported.
Conclusions: Fibrin amyloid microclots, platelet hyperactivation/ aggregation, and widespread endothelialitis inhibit the transport of oxygen at a capillary/cellular level. This provides a ready explanation for the symptoms of Long COVID. By normalizing the failed clotting physiology and reversal of the endothelialitis, triple anticoagulant therapy represents a promising treatment option that appears to be highly efficacious, and warrants controlled clinical studies. We caution that such a regime must only be followed under expert medical supervision in view of the risk of bleeding.
Decreasing Labor Supply, R&D-Based Growth, and Instability of Economic Dynamics
Authors: Kuwahara Shiro , Zhou Feng
Published: March 2023

Working time has gradually decreased in the last few decades, along with the continuing growth of advanced economies. Furthermore, there have been some empirical evidence showing emerging economies’ and long-run experiences of advanced economies’ decreasing labor in spite of restrictions on labor statistics. To replicate these phenomena, we develop the model with endogenous technogical chnage and endogenous labor supply, and we find that adding increasing returns of R&D (reasech and development) efficiency, at least for the small input, yields the economic path accompany the decreasing labor supply. Furthermore, the path is stable (not saddle stable), so the steady state has multiple paths under rational expectations, which yields local indeterminacy. This would reflect the modern intermittently-coming economic shocks in both advanced and emerging countries. Furthermore, the model also contains a steady state with no growth trap, and selection among steady states is possible. The model has global indeterminacy, which would be one of the mechanisms for the start of economic growth.
Succinic acid production from softwood with genome-edited Corynebacterium glutamicum using the CRISPR-Cpf1 system
Authors: Lee Dae-Seok , Cho Eun Jin , Song Younho , Chang Jihye , Nguyen Dinh-Truong , Bae Hyeun-Jong
Published: March 2023

Background: Corynebacterium glutamicum is a useful microbe to produce succinic acid, a bio-based platform chemical, under anaerobic condition. The knock-out mutant of lactate dehydrogenase 1 gene, Δldh1-6, was generated by using CRISPR-Cpf1 genome editing system. HAPC (hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid) pretreatment is a softwood-favorable.
Results: In the 1-5% hydrolysate, the best condition to produce succinic acid from the hydrolysate was confirmed to ferment 4% hydrolysate, resulted in 14.82 g L-1 succinic acid production for 6 h, which reached to 2.47 g L-1 h-1 productivity. No production of acetic acid and lactic acid was detected during the fermentation. However, 2.0 g L-1 lactic acid and 0.41 g L-1 acetic acid were formed in the fermentation of 5% hydrolysate while 9.64 g L-1 succinic acid was produced.
Conclusion: These results show that the single gene knock-out, Δldh1-6 mutant, is sufficiently available for succinic acid production from hydrolysate of pine wood.
Effects of exergaming on executive functions of children: A meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Zhou Xiaojiao , Wu Xiangting , Gao Zan , Ye Sunyue
Published: March 2023

Objectives
Quantitatively assess the impact of exergaming on executive functions in pediatric populations based on existing research.
Methods
A meta-analysis was performed in databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, Web of Science, Embase and PubMed, from January 2010 to February 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines. The Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze the included articles, and the effects were calculated as standardized mean difference (SMD).
Results
A total of 11 experimental studies with children (n = 515) were included. The effects [SMD(95%CI)] of exergaming on children’s cognitive flexibility, inhibition control and working memory were 0.34(0.16, 0.51), 0.55(0.33, 0.77), and 0.32(0.09, 0.55), respectively.
Conclusions
Exergaming has the potential to improve executive functions in children aged 4–12 years old, particularly in children with special needs. More studies with rigorous designs are warranted to investigate the specific parameters of exergaming intervention.
Acetyl group for proper protection of β-sugar-amino acids used in SPPS
Authors: Varga István , Gőz Viktória Goldschmidt , Pintér István , Csámpai Antal , Perczel András
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of D-glucosamine-1-carboxylic acid based β-sugar amino acids (β-SAAs) is typically performed in nine consecutive steps via an inefficient OAc→Br→CN conversion protocol with low overall yield. Here we present the improved and more efficient synthesis of both Fmoc-GlcAPC-OH and Fmoc-GlcAPC(Ac)-OH, β-SAAs consisting of only 4-5 synthetic steps. Their active ester and amide bond formation with glycine methyl ester (H-Gly-OMe) was completed and monitored by 1H NMR. The stability of the pyranoid OHs protecting the acetyl groups was investigated under three different Fmoc cleavage conditions and was found to be satisfactory even at high piperidine concentration (e.g. 40 %). We designed a SPPS protocol using Fmoc-GlcAPC(Ac)-OH to produce model peptides Gly-β-SAA-Gly as well as Gly-β-SAA-β-SAA-Gly with high coupling efficiency. The products were deacetylated using the Zemplén method, which allows the hydrophilicity of a building block and/or chimera to be fine-tuned, even after the polypeptide chain has already been synthesized.
Relative Risk Perceptions of Switching to JUUL vs. Continued Smoking and Subsequent Switching away from Cigarettes: A Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Selya Arielle , Shiffman Saul
Published: March 2023

Background: Evidence indicates that electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) pose lower risk than cigarettes; however, many smokers misperceive ENDS to be equally ormore harmful, possibly deterring them from switching. This study examines whether relative risk perceptions of JUUL vs. smoking are associated with subsequent switching, among smokers who recently initiated JUUL use.
Methods: N=16,996 current established smokers who recently purchased a JUUL Starter Kit were followed 6 times over 12 months. Relative risk perceptions were assessed using both direct and indirect measures (i.e., contrasting JUUL and smoking directly in questions, and deriving from separate absolute scales). Repeated-measures logistic regression examined switching across follow-up (no smoking in past 30 days) as a function of baseline risk perceptions, adjusting for demographics and baseline smoking behavior.
Results: Perceiving JUUL as less harmful than smoking was associated with higher switching rates, using both direct (e.g., odds ratio [OR]=1.48 for “JUUL much less” vs. “more/much more harmful”) and indirect (OR=1.07, for each 10-unit increase in ratio; OR=1.51 for highest (6-100) vs. lowest (0 to <1) ratio categories) relative risk measures (all p<.0001). Among the subset smoking 10+ cigarettes per day, associations between risk perceptions and switching were more pronounced (OR=2.51 for “JUUL much less” vs. “more/much more harmful”; OR=1.81 for 6-100 vs. 0 to <1 ratio, both p<.0001).
Conclusions: Smokers who perceive JUUL as less harmful than cigarettes have higher odds of switching. Future research should examine whether messaging which aligns relative risk perceptions with current evidence can facilitate switching, especially among heavier smokers.
Comparison of alveolar bone morphology after expansion with hybrid and conventional Hyrax expanders
Authors: Silva Ivan , Miranda Felicia , Bastos José Carlos Cunha , Garib Daniela
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the buccal and palatal bone changes of maxillary posterior teeth produced by the Hybrid (HH) and Conventional Hyrax (CH) expanders in growing patients.
Methods: A sample of 32 patients with posterior crossbites in the early permanent dentition was recruited and randomly allocated into two groups. Group HH was composed of 18 individuals with a mean age of 10.7 years (6 female, 12 male) treated with a Hybrid expander with two anterior parasagittal miniscrews. Group CH was composed of 14 individuals with a mean age of 11.4 years (6 female, 8 male) treated with conventional Hyrax expanders. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams were obtained before expansion and after expansion. Buccal and palatal bone plate thickness and height of maxillary posterior teeth were measured. Intergroup comparisons were performed using t or Mann Whitney tests (P<0.05).
Results: The CH group caused greater decreases of the buccal bone plate height (mean change of 1.27 mm) at the maxillary first premolars compared to HH group (mean change of 0.11 mm, p=0.001). No intergroup difference was found for changes in the buccal and palatal bone thickness.
Conclusion: Hybrid expanders showed a tendency to cause less negative impact on the buccal bone plate height of first premolars compared to conventional Hyrax expanders.
Clinical Relevance: In patients with delicate periodontal biotype, Hybrid expander is an alternative to prevent buccal bone dehiscence.
Opportunity for utilization of corn husk and water soluble chitosan in particleboard fabricate: A new alternative for sustainable partition material with its properties
Authors: Prasetiyo Kurnia Wiji , Hermawan Dede , Hadi Yusuf Sudo , Subyakto Subyakto , Amanda Putri , Astari Lilik , Kusumaningrum Wida Banar
Published: March 2023

In order to substitute un-renewable partition materials made of particleboard bonded with synthetic adhesives, two materials were studied: corn husk and water soluble chitosan (WSC) which are renewable, abundant and sustainable. This study will show and evaluate the feasibility of using corn husk and WSC in particleboard production and aimed to investigate the influence of WSC content and pressure temperature variations on particleboard properties as partition material. The WSC content was varied of 6%, 8% and 10% wt. The particleboards were manufactured under the pressure temperature variations of 160, 180 and 200 oC for 15 min, press pressure of 2.5 MPa and targeted density of 0.8 g/cm3. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboards improved in line with increasing WSC content up to 8% and pressure temperature above 160 oC. The value of MOR and MOE from boards bonded with WSC 8% and pressure temperature of 180 oC fulfilled the requirement of JIS A 5908 (2003). The sound absorption coefficient of particleboard bonded using WSC 6% was better than other boards. The particleboards absorbed sound at middle to high frequency ( > 1000 Hz) and reflected sound at low frequency (80 to 630 Hz). The variations of WSC content and pressure temperature not yet had significant effect on bonding changes seen from FTIR spectrum. However, based on the properties results presented by particleboards suggest that corn husk and WSC could be a feasible and potentially useful new raw materials for particleboard production as sustainable partition material.
Qualitative Analysis of the Transmission Dynamics and Optimal Control of Covid-19
Authors: Oluwatobi Idowu Kabir , Chris Loyinmi Adedapo
Published: March 2023

Globally, the COVID-19 presents a serious concern to the wellbeing of people. COVID-19 was first detected in Wuhan, China. The disease became a source of concern for Nigerians after the country registered its first case in February 2020. Currently, the country has recorded 255,103 confirmed cases, 249,246 recovered cases, and 3,142 deaths as of March 21, 2022. We proposed a SEQIHRV model to investigate the spread of coronavirus disease in Nigeria. This model defines the infection dynamics' transmission routes as well as effect of contaminated surfaces on the human population. Unfortunately, the virus's propagation and mortality from COVID-19 is increasing daily. Therefore, it is required to manage and control the flow of the infection. The impact of control measures as time-dependent interventions was investigated in this study utilizing optimization technique to determine their effects on the spread of Corona virus. The basic reproduction was calculated and used to calcite the sensitive parameters affecting the system, which revealed the key parameters leading to COVID-19 propagation. The control optimization of the sytem was performed using Pontryagin's maximum principle to determine the best approach for controlling the spread. The discoveries from the simulation showed that the combination of all four control approaches will help to reduce infection to zero in the population.
Intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine during the surgery to prevent postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction undergoing non-cardiac surgery: A meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Di , Liu Zhi , Zhang Wenhui , Zu Guo , Tao He , Bi Congjie
Published: March 2023

Background

Dexmedetomidine is crucial for preventing postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction and improving the quality of life of surgical patients. However, the effects of dexmedetomidine on these complications in different anesthesia methods have not been thoroughly evaluated. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess its impact on postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials comparing intravenous dexmedetomidine to other interventions in preventing postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction in non-cardiac and non-neurosurgical patients. Statistical analysis and graphing were performed using Review Manager, STATA, the second version of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized controlled trials, and GRADE profiler.

Main results

This meta-analysis comprised a total of 24 randomized controlled trials, including 20 trials assessing postoperative delirium and 6 trials assessing postoperative cognitive dysfunction. In these 20 studies, a positive correlation was found between intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine and the lower incidence of postoperative delirium (RR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.47 to 0.64, p＜ 0.00001, I2 = 2%) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction(RR: 0.60; 95%CI: 0.38 to 0.96, p = 0.03, I2 = 60%). Subgroup analysis did not reveal a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative delirium between the general anesthesia and non-general anesthesia groups, but a significant difference was observed in the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. However, pooled data showed that the use of dexmedetomidine increased the incidence of hypotension (RR: 1.42; 95%CI:1.08 to 1.86, p =0.01, I2 = 0%) and bradycardia (RR: 1.66; 95%CI: 1.23 to 2.26, p =0.001, I2 = 0%) compared with other interventions but there is no significantly higher occurrence of hypertension in DEX groups (RR=1.35, 95% CI :0.81–2.24, p=0.25, I2= 0%).

Conclusion

Intravenous dexmedetomidine infusion during non-cardiac and non-neurosurgical procedures may significantly reduce the risk of postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction compared to other interventions. Subgroup analysis revealed a consistent preventive effect on postoperative delirium in both general and non-general anesthesia groups, while continuous infusion during general anesthesia was more effective in reducing the risk of cognitive dysfunction. However, hypotension and bradycardia were more frequent in patients who received dexmedetomidine during surgery.
Whey-carrot based functional beverage: Development and storage study
Authors: Naik Bindu , Walter Nidhi , Kohli Deepika , Gupta Arun K , Khan Javed M. , Irfan Mohammad , Kumar vijay
Published: March 2023

The current study was designed to prepare whey-carrot-based functional beverages and studying the effect on physicochemical properties during the 28 days of storage period. Different ratio of whey and carrot juice were selected for preparation of the six formulations, out of which based on the sensory acceptance only three were selected for the further storage studies (sample 1 = 45:55, sample 2 = 50:50, and sample 3 = 55:45 of carrot juice to whey ratio). During 28 days of storage, the developed beverage samples revealed a significant increase in reducing sugars, total phenolic content, and acidity. The pH, sweetness, and acceptance percentage of the beverage found to be decreased with storage period. It was also found that there is not change in the properties of the beverage storage with and without the preservative. It was revealed that beverage with less proportion of carrot juice is more acceptable quality. The results also suggest that whey can be used with fruit and vegetable to create whey-based beverage.
Trend analysis of malaria in urban settings with and without Anopheles stephensi in Ethiopia from 2014–2019
Authors: Teka Hiwot , Golassa Lemu , Medhin Girmay , Balkew Meshesha , Sisay Chalachew , Gadisa Endalamaw , Nekorchuk Dawn M. , Wimberly Michael C. , Tadesse Fitsum Girma
Published: March 2023

Background
Urbanization generally improves health outcomes of residents and is one of the potential factors that might contribute to reducing malaria transmission. However, the expansion of Anopheles stephensi, an urban malaria vector, poses a threat for malaria control and elimination efforts in Africa. In this paper, malaria trends in urban settings in Ethiopia from 2014–2019 are reported with a focus on towns and cities where An. stephensi survey was conducted.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted to determine malaria trend in urban and rural districts using passive surveillance data collected at health facilities from 2014–2019. Data from 25 towns surveyed for An. stephensi were used in malaria trend analysis. Robust linear models were used to identify outliers and impute missing and suspect data. The seasonal Mann-Kendal test was used to test for monotonous increase or decrease in trends.
Results
A total of 9,468,970 malaria cases were reported between 2014 and 2019 through the Public Health Emergency Management (PHEM) system. Of these, 1.45 million (15.3%) cases were reported from urban settings. The incidence of malaria declined by 62% between 2014 and 2018. In 2019, the incidence increased to 15 per 1000 population from 11 per 1000 in 2018. Both confirmed (microscopy or RDT) Plasmodium falciparum (67%) and Plasmodium vivax (28%) were reported with a higher proportion of P. vivax infections in urban areas. In 2019, An. stephensi was detected in 17 towns where more than 19,804 malaria cases were reported, with most of the cases (56%) being P. falciparum. Trend analysis revealed that malaria cases increased in five towns in Afar and Somali administrative regions, decreased in nine towns, and had no obvious trend in the remaining three towns.
Conclusion
The contribution of malaria in urban settings is not negligible in Ethiopia. With the rapid expansion of An. stephensi in the country, the receptivity is likely to be higher for malaria. Although the evidence we presented in this study does not demonstrate a direct linkage between An. stephensi detection and an increase in urban malaria throughout the country, An. stephensi might contribute to an increase in malaria unless control measures are implemented as soon as possible. Targeted surveillance and effective response are needed to assess the contribution of this vector to malaria transmission and curb potential outbreaks.
Triple infections of HBV, HCV and Malaria Plasmodium falciparum among HIV-infected Individuals in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Okonko Iheanyi Omezuruike , Shaibu Nkem , Mbah Edith Ijeego , Okonko Blessing Jachinma , Cookey Tochi Ifeoma
Published: March 2023

Infectious diseases continue to remain life-threatening and a significant public health problem globally. Patients with HIV frequently have concomitant HBV, HCV, and malaria infections; thus, this study was undertaken to describe the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and Malaria triple infection with HIV among patients presenting at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. In this study, 104 HIV-positive patients were recruited and evaluated for the presence of HBsAg, HCV and Plasmodium falciparum with HBsAg rapid strips, anti-HCV antibodies ELISA kit (Dia. Pro), and SD Bioline RDT, following the respective manufacturer's instructions. The triple infection rate was 1.0% for HIV/HBV/HCV/Plasmodium falciparum. Other co-infections were 1.9% for HIV/HCV/Plasmodium falciparum, 2.9% for HIV/HBV/Plasmodium falciparum and 1.9% for HIV/HBV/HCV, respectively. A higher HIV/HBV/HCV/Plasmodium falciparum triple infection occurred in the age group 21–40 years (2.0%), females (1.3%), being single (2.3%), tertiary education holders (2.4%), students (4.3%), CD4 counts > 500 cells/µl (4.0%) and viral load (VL) < 20 copies/ml (2.0%). Higher HIV/HBV/HCV triple infections occurred in the age group ≥ 41 years (2.2%), males (3.5%), being single (2.3%), tertiary education holders (4.8%) and students (4.3%), having CD4 count 350–499 Cells/µl (7.1%), viral load 20–999 copies/ml (2.1%) and being on TLD ART (1.9%). Higher HIV/HBV/MPF triple infections occurred in the age group 21–40 years (3.9%), males (3.5%), being married (3.6%), tertiary education holders (4.8%) and students (8.7%), having CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/µl (7.7%), viral load < 20 copies/ml (3.8%) and being on TLD ART (2.9%). Higher HIV/HCV/MPF triple infections occurred in the age group 21–40 years (3.9%), females (2.7%), being single (4.7%), tertiary education holders (4.8%) and students (8.7%), having CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/µl (4.0%), viral load < 20 copies/ml (2.0%) and being on TLD ART (1.9%). None of the sociodemographic and clinical variables was significantly associated (p > 0.05) with triple infections. The present study has further confirmed the low occurrence (1.0%) of HIV/HBV/Plasmodium falciparum among HIV-infected individuals in Yenagoa, Nigeria. Ages 21–40 years, females, being single, tertiary education holders and students were more prone to triple infections. The concurrency of HIV/HCV/HBV and Malaria exists in Yenagoa, Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended to perform routine screening of HIV-infected patients for simultaneous infection with HBV, HCV and Malaria.
Prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti in clinical blood samples and mosquitoes in Matayos, Busia County-Kenya, within the context of climate change
Authors: Kinyatta Nancy , Wachira Dorcas , Githae Rosemary , Lusweti Japheth , Ingonga Johnstone , Ichugu Christine , Maina Carol , Haji Rukiya , Kimani Francis , Musili Rael , Muli Jacinta , Kamau Luna
Published: March 2023

Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito borne disease which leads to abnormal painful enlarged body parts, severe disability and social stigma. Early diagnosis and interventions are paramount towards achieving the elimination goal. We screened Wuchereria bancrofti in Matayos constituency in Busia County. Blood samples were collected from 23 clinical units selected purposively based on clinical case reports. Finger prick and/or venous blood sampling and mosquito collections was carried out. Antigenaemia and filarial DNA prevalence were determined. infection rates on mosquito pools were estimated. SPSS version 27 was used for descriptive statistics analysis. A total of 262 participants were recruited, 73.3% of the participants were asymptomatic, 14.1% had swollen legs, 5.3% had painful legs and 3.8% with scrotal swellings. Antigenemia prevalence was 35.9% and DNA prevalence was at 8.0%. A total of 1305 mosquitoes were collected belonging to different species. Two pools out of 78 were positive for filarial DNA with a minimum infection rate of 0.15%. Antigenaemia and infected mosquitoes indicate active transmission. The clinical signs are evidence that filarial infections have been in circulation for over 10 years. Further screening, Mass Drug Administration (MDA), Morbidity management and enhanced mosquito controls are highly recommended.
Digitalität, Ethik und Bildung
Authors: Kramer Michaela , Bedenlier Svenja , Kammerl Rudolf
Published: March 2023

Ethische Fragestellungen und Begründungsversuche sind seit Beginn zentraler Bestandteil des medienpädagogischen Diskurses. Deren aktuelle Brisanz offenbart sich in der Notwendigkeit eines ethischen Bezugsrahmens unter den Bedingungen der Digitalität. Damit zusammenhängende Phänomene wie Hate Speech oder Deep Fake werden national wie international zahlreich erforscht. Dabei bleibt jedoch unscharf, auf welchen normativen Rahmen rekurriert wird und auf welche Weise dabei moralische Aspekte reflektiert werden. Vor dem Hintergrund der Unübersichtlichkeit des gegenwärtigen Diskurses, der Divergenz der erforschten Phänomene und eingenommenen Perspektiven sowie der kulturellen Heterogenität internationaler Beiträge schlagen wir in diesem Beitrag eine heuristische Systematisierung zur Bedeutung ethischer Dimensionen in medienpädagogischen Handlungsfeldern vor. Anhand eines narrativen Literaturreviews sichten wir empirische Studien im skizzierten Forschungsfeld und verorten diese anschliessend in einer entwickelten Heuristik, die die drei Dimensionen Kommunikationsebene, Sozialstrukturebene und Agency umfasst. Auf diese Weise möchten wir am Ende des Beitrags auf Schwerpunkte, implizites Wissen und musterhafte Argumentationen hinweisen, die Anknüpfungspunkte für weitere Forschung und Theoriebildung bieten.
Desinformationen, Media Literacy und Erwachsenenbildung
Authors: Biringer Katharina
Published: March 2023

Online Desinformationen, häufig auch Fake News genannt, sind ein durch Soziale Medien stark in den Fokus geratenes Phänomen, das individuelle und gesellschaftliche Auswirkungen nach sich zieht. Häufig werden sie von internationalen und globalen Organisationen als demokratiegefährdend und gesellschaftlich problematisch erachtet. Der Wunsch nach der Förderung von Media Literacy zur Eindämmung von Desinformationen wird in diesem Zusammenhang oft geäussert. Neben der Förderung im Schulunterricht darf aber nicht auf die Förderung bei Erwachsenen vergessen werden, nutzen sie doch Soziale Medien immer häufiger. Die Erwachsenenbildung nimmt hier eine wichtige, wenn auch schwierige Position ein, denn nicht nur ist die Teilnahme an ihren Aktivitäten freiwillig, auch die Zielgruppen sind sehr heterogen. In diesem Artikel wird die Frage beleuchtet, wie Media Literacy, Desinformation und Erwachsenenbildung aus einer demokratietheoretischen Perspektive zusammenhängen und sich erklären lassen. Dabei werden soziale Ungleichheiten und Ungerechtigkeiten auf der Makro-, Meso- und Mikroebene aufgespürt, benannt und miteinander in Verbindung gesetzt. Die Ausführungen lassen sich dabei auf Österreich und Deutschland beziehen. Es fliessen radikaldemokratische Ideen, Deweys Blick auf Bildung und Demokratie und Bourdieus Habituskonzept in die Analyse ein. Die demokratiegefährdende Wurzel liegt tiefer und ist für Desinformationen fruchtbar. Desinformationen sind ein Symptom. Die Förderung von Media Literacy ist wichtig, greift aber zu kurz.
Marker-assisted Selection to Combine Alleles for Four Disease Resistance Genes of Tomato Collocated on Chromosome 11
Authors: Orchard Caleb J. , Kressin Jonathan , Chompookam Suchada , Chuapong Jutharat , Onmanee Namfon , Van Leeuwen Karina , Struss Darush , Balatero Conrado , Francis David M.
Published: March 2023

Bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are responsible for widespread yield losses, especially in humid growing environments. Chromosome 11 of tomato contains genes that modulate resistance to several prominent tomato pathogens, including bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas spp., gray leaf spot caused by Stemphylium spp., Fusarium wilt caused by race 2 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) caused by begomoviruses. Major resistance loci are quantitative trait locus 11 (QTL-11) and Xv3/Rx4 for bacterial spot, Sm for gray leaf spot, I2 for Fusarium wilt, and Ty-2 for TYLCV. Marker-assisted selection was used to select for rare recombination events that combined these resistance loci into a linked cassette that can be inherited together in future crosses. A pedigree breeding strategy was used with marker-assisted selection and used to identify a novel coupling of Xv3/Rx4 and Ty-2. Recombination between the two genes was estimated as 0.056 cM, demonstrating that effective combinations of resistance can be established using publicly available germplasm. Progeny from the recombinant plants were screened using inoculated seedling trials to confirm resistance. The recombinants identified maintained resistance levels similar to the resistant controls. Trial results suggest that the trait markers on chromosome 11 are tightly linked to the respective resistance loci and are effective for selecting plants with resistance to the target diseases.
Active Sugar Accumulation and Water Status of Watermelon Fruit Grown under Different Nutrient Concentrations in Hydroponic Culture
Authors: Tomiyama Sentaro , Yakushiji Hiroshi , Osawa Masako , Yanagida Kenta , Sato Nana , Matsumoto Yusuke , Ikeda Takashi
Published: March 2023

We investigated sugar (solute) accumulation in watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai] fruits at the immature stage. Watermelon plants were grown hydroponically in a nutrient solution with an electric conductivity (EC) of 1.2 S⋅m−1 (EC 1.2 regime); then, fruits were harvested 21 days after anthesis. The flesh of each fruit was divided into seven different parts to measure the sugar concentration and water status. The results indicated that the sugar concentration was higher in the center of the fruit flesh than in the other parts, such as around the pericarp. Moreover, the lowest osmotic potential was observed in the center of the fruit flesh, indicating solute accumulation. Concurrently, when the transport of photosynthates in the fruit was investigated using the 13CO2 isotope, the active solute accumulation in the center of the fruit flesh was observed, supporting the observed sugar accumulation in this part. Consequently, this active solute accumulation and distribution occurred in the center of the watermelon fruit, as demonstrated by the data of osmotic pressure and sugar concentration and supported by the observed active photosynthate accumulation. Additionally, we investigated these measurements by increasing the nutrient solution concentration 14 days after anthesis. As a result, fruit growth was slightly inhibited using the EC 3.0 regime, and 13C translocation was also inhibited in the fruit, especially in its center. Even though the sugar concentration and osmotic pressure of the fruit flesh were not clearly affected by high nutrient solution concentrations, the cell turgor of the central flesh of the fruit grown using the EC 2.0 and 3.0 regimes was lower than that of the fruit grown using the EC 1.2 regime. Treatments with higher nutrient concentrations might have negative effects on immature watermelon fruits.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Desa dalam Melakukan Pengelolaan Sampah
Authors:   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia, Pangestu Wendy Essa , Cakrawala Nurani Permata ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia, Tri Amanda Yusriyyah ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia, Putri Anjani Diana ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia, Ihsani Hanna Rulandari ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia, Hadiyanto M. Faiz ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia, Pratama Eksan Muhammad ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia, Rahmayanti Devi ,   Program Studi Kesejahteraan Sosial, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Jl. Ir H. Juanda No.95, Cempaka Putih, Kec. Ciputat Timur, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15412, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Gede Pangrango Village is one of the tourist villages that has natural beauty that makes many people interest to visit. But behind the beauty there are problems that make the natural beauty itself reduced due to waste management that has not been maximized. To reduce environmental damage, it is necessary to have community participation in waste management. This study aims to determine community participation in waste management with a waste management system and to find out the benefits resulting from the existence of waste management through several programs. This research is a type of field research or field research. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Methods of data collection in this study using observation, interviews, and documentation. Participants used in this study is representative of the Environment Agency, the village head, head of the local (RW), youth clubs and organizations in the village. The study states that waste management still in the unfavorable category, this is due to many factors: the lack of land for the construction of temporary shelters, facilities and infrastructures are not good enough and the level of public awareness is still low about the importance to manage waste properly.
Current trends in chemical hydrology of the Pavlovsky Reservoir on the Ufa River
Authors: Hafizov Ayrat , Kamaletdinova Lilia , Khazipova Aigul , Komissarov Alexander , Kutliyarov Damir
Published: March 2023

The paper presents an analysis of long-term dynamics and current trends in the hydrochemistry of the Pavlovsky Reservoir by 10 chemical indicators at seven water intake points. The choice of 10 chemical elements was justified in previous studies mentioned in the paper. This approach allows using the observation data of the Bashkir FSBI (Federal State Budgetary Institution Bashkir Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring Department), previous studies conducted in 1986–88 and in 2000 and the results of the present research (2018–2019) making it possible to track the dynamics of changes in the hydrochemical composition of water over 30 years (from 1986 to 2018). It was revealed that throughout the reservoir, from its beginning to the upper reaches, the content of Sr2+, Mn2+ and petroleum products in the water decreases; Zn2+, Hg2+, phenols and organic substances increase; Fe total (Fe2+ + Fe3+), P total are evenly distributed (according to PO43-), Cu2+. The study of the features of the long-term dynamics of the hydrochemical indicators of the Pavlovsky Reservoir allows for determining trends in the state of the ecosystem of the water body and proposes measures to preserve the operational properties of the reservoir.
Capacidades de investigación de una Institución de Educación Superior: Caso INFOTEP HVG Ciénaga
Authors: Caamaño Rocha Leynin Esther , Maldonado Atencio Alexander Alfonso , Monsalve Perdomo Martha Lucía
Published: March 2023

El creciente papel del conocimiento en la sociedad y de la economía global implica que las Instituciones de Educación Superior sean cada vez más determinantes en la consolidación de los sistemas nacionales de innovación y desempeñen un papel relevante en la formulación de las políticas orientadas a promover el desarrollo humano sostenible. En ese contexto, el Instituto Nacional de Formación Técnica Profesional «Humberto Velásquez García», Infotep de Ciénaga, Magdalena, promueve la política de investigación para fomentar «las capacidades científicas y tecnológicas de la comunidad académica e integrar los procesos de investigación con las demás actividades misionales de docencia y proyección social». Este libro describe el estado de las capacidades de investigación del Infotep según su capital intelectual, e identifica las principales condiciones y los retos institucionales que impactan en el desarrollo de esas capacidades para generar, apropiar y transferir conocimientos. El capital intelectual es uno de los enfoques para mejorar el desempeño de las IES en materia de resultados de investigación, pues posibilita a las instituciones la generación de indicadores de existencia y evolución de sus activos de conocimiento y el desarrollo de acciones orientadas a aumentar el inventario de sus recursos intangibles.
The Critical Role of microRNA-21 in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Pathogenesis
Authors: Liu Mingjing , Lu Ting , Bai Yuanling , Han Xingyu , Zhang Wanyi , Zhang Lei , Chen Shudan , Lin Chen , Liu Chaoqi , Yuan Chengfu
Published: March 2023

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has received worldwide scientific attention because of its
rapidly increasing prevalence, and it has emerged as a serious public health problem in end-stage liver disease.
Many factors are involved in the multifactorial development and progression of liver disease by influencing
multiple signaling and metabolic pathways. Currently, many studies have demonstrated the critical role of microRNA-
21 (miR-21) in NAFLD pathogenesis. In addition, many studies have found that miR-21 is highly expressed
in inflammatory bowel disease, which is associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction and altered gut
microbiota. In this paper, we focus on the regulatory role of miR-21 in the progression of NAFLD and its effect
on the gut microbiota, summarize the involvement of miR-21 through a variety of signaling pathways and
metabolic pathways, as well as discuss some predicted miR-21 target genes and miR-21 pathways for future experimental
identification.
Pathological Implications of Mucin Signaling in Metastasis
Authors: Dhanisha Suresh Sulekha , Guruvayoorappan Chandrasekharan
Published: March 2023

The dynamic mucosal layer provides a selective protective barrier for the epithelial cells
lining the body cavities. Diverse human malignancies exploit their intrinsic role to protect and repair
epithelia for promoting growth and survival. Aberrant expression of mucin has been known to be associated
with poor prognosis of many cancers. However, the emergence of new paradigms in the
study of metastasis recognizes the involvement of MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC16
during metastasis initiation and progression. Hence mucins can be used as an attractive target in future
diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss in detail about mucin family and
its domains and the role of different mucins in regulating cancer progression and metastasis. In addition,
we briefly discuss insights into mucins as a therapeutic agent.
Effectiveness of blended learning implementation for algorithm and programming course
Authors: Yuricha Yuricha , Phan Irwan Kurnia
Published: March 2023

Algorithm and programming is a prerequisite course at the beginning of the semester, which not only requires an understanding of the basic concepts but also how these concepts can be implemented using a programming language. However, 72% of students have never studied programming at all. This is a challenge for teachers to be able to achieve learning objectives. This study aims to describe the learning design using the Blended Learning model so that its effectiveness can be measured in increasing student understanding in algorithms and programming courses. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a one-group pre-test post-test design for seven cycles implementing Blended Learning. Through the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, it was found that there is an average of 92% increase in student understanding from the pre-test to the post-test.  Therefore, the application of Blended Learning needs to be done and provides mature readiness for students during face-to-face meetings and teachers can evaluate learning outcomes more quickly and determine the direction of further learning actions.
Перепутывание изолированного кубита и кубита в резонаторе со средой Керра
Authors: Башкиров Е.К.
Published: March 2023

We found the exact solution for a model consisting of two dipole-coupled qubits, one of which is an isolated, and the other interacts with the thermal mode of a cavity with the Kerr medium. The results showed that Kerr nonlinearity may greatly enhance the degree of entanglement induced by a thermal field both for separable and entangled initial states of qubits. We also showed the possibility of the disappearance of the sudden death of entanglement for a model with a Kerr nonlinearity..
Адиабатические волноводные моды трехслойного интегрально оптического волновода
Authors: Диваков Д.В. , Ловецкий К.П. , Севастьянов А.Л. , Тютюнник А.А.
Published: March 2023

The numerical solution of the problem of guided propagation of polarized light in a smooth junction of a planar waveguide is considered. Within the framework of the model of adiabatic guided modes, the system of Maxwell equations is reduced to a system of four ordinary differential equations and two algebraic equations for six components of the electromagnetic field in the zeroth approximation and the same number of equations in the first approximation. The multilayer structure of waveguides makes it possible to reduce the problem to a homogeneous system of linear algebraic equations, whose nontrivial solvability condition yields the dispersion equation. Auxiliary eigenvalue problems for describing the adiabatic modes of the waveguide are solved.
Departamento de la Guajira : anexo 6
Authors: Robles Julio Carlos Arturo , Robles Josefa , Rojas Emilsa , Maestre Peralta Angel María , Vergara Otto , Aragón Rois Jaime David , Caballero Marilyn , Zapata Mario Augusto , Loaiza Echeverri Ana María , Garavito A. Heydi Carolina , Ramírez Durán Julio , García Gómez Gustavo , Arévalo Lourdes
Published: March 2023

El presente documento se preparó con el fin de proveer información básica sobre el desempeño de la cadena productiva, sus vínculos con la orientación de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación y las demandas del sector sobre conocimiento técnico, para superar problemas productivos, mejorar la competitividad, la sostenibilidad, aprovechar oportunidades de mercado, potenciar capacidades y focalizar la inversión pública. Esta información se consolidó a través del proceso de revisión y ajuste de la Agenda Dinámica Nacional de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación (Agenda I+D+i), como insumo para orientar las estrategias del PECTIA
Departamento de Norte de Santander: anexo 6
Authors: Acevedo Velandia Víctor Hugo , Sánchez German David , Amado Gina Marcela , Betancourt Vásquez Mónica , Mateus Julián Fernando , Zuluaga Mogollón María Victoria , García Gómez Gustavo , González Cerón Sandra Paola , Moreno Valderrama María Nancy , Palencia Calderón Gildardo Efraín
Published: March 2023

El presente provee información básica a nivel departamental del desempeño sectorial, sus vínculos con la orientación de la ciencia, la tecnología, la innovación y las demandas del sector sobre conocimiento técnico para focalizar la investigación publica, articular capacidades, aunar esfuerzos para superar problemas productivos, mejorar la competitividad y aprovechar oportunidades del mercado en distintas cadenas de productividad priorizadas en el departamento.
Departamento del Cauca: anexo 6
Authors: Villareal Héctor , Castillo Jennifer , Vila Flórez Otto , Cepeda Mónica , Aristizabal Quintero Diego , Guzmán Muñoz Cindy Marcela , Moreno Valderrama María Nancy , Sánchez German David , Amado Gina Marcela , Osorio Jairo Antonio , Mateus Julián Fernando , Ramírez Durán Julio , García Gómez Gustavo , Pavas Tabares Cesar Andrés
Published: March 2023

El presente documento se preparó con el fin de proveer información básica departamental sobre el desempeño sectorial, sus vínculos con la orientación de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación y las demandas del sector sobre conocimiento técnico para focalizar la inversión pública, articular capacidades, superar problemas productivos, mejorar la competitividad y aprovechar oportunidades de mercado en las cadenas productivas priorizadas. Esta información se consolidó a través del proceso de revisión y ajuste de la Agenda Dinámica Nacional de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación (Agenda l+D+i), como insumo para orientar las estrategias del PECTIA en el ámbito departamental.
Actualización del Plan Estratégico de Ciencia, Tecnología, e Innovación del sector Agropecuario PECTIA 2017 - 2027 : Departamento de Chocó 2022
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Gobernación de Chocó (Colombia),   Secretaría de Desarrollo Económico y Recursos Naturales, Chocó (Colombia),   Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria, Mosquera (Colombia)
Published: March 2023

La actualización del Plan Estratégico de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del sector Agropecuario Colombiano – Pectia del departamento del Chocó fue posible gracias al liderazgo de la Mesa de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Agropecuaria (Mesa de CTIA) en cabeza de la Secretaría de Desarrollo Económico y Recursos Naturales; el direccionamiento del Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (MADR); el apoyo del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Minciencias); el acompañamiento metodológico de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) y el trabajo colaborativo de instancias y actores como entidades de investigación, centros de investigación y desarrollo tecnológico agropecuario, universidades, gremios y productores agropecuarios, empresas, entidades de apoyo públicas y privadas, entre otras; que representan el Sistema Nacional de Innovación Agropecuaria (SNIA) en el departamento.
Contexto de cadena carne porcina
Authors: Jiménez Guzmán Ana María
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de carne porcina enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.