bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DO WE LIVE IN AN ERA OF UNPRECEDENTED PEACE?
Authors: Bízik Vladimír , Kříž Zdeněk
Published: June 2020

The article sums up the main ideas of Steven Pinker's book The Better Angels of our Nature, and introduces main currents of its criticism. The currents are categorized; thereafter the strength of Pinker's opponents' arguments is evaluated. The conclusions points towards coherence and sound empirical foundation of the school of thought emphasizing the civilizational downward trend in violence. Recognition of these trends can in turn help determine further steps in mitigating levels of political violence.
Holt–Oram Syndrome Associated with Complex Congenital Heart Disease: A Rare Case Presentation and Literature Review
Authors: Bejiqi Ramush , Retkoceri Ragip , Maloku Arlinda , Mustafa Aferdita , Bejiqi Rinor
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: First described by Holt and Oram in 1960 in a four-generation family with atrial septal defects and thumb abnormalities, is an inherited disorder characterized by abnormalities of the upper limbs and heart. This syndrome is characterized by upper extremity malformations involving radial, thenar, or carpal bones. An abnormal carpal bone is present in all affected individuals and may be the only evidence of disease. About 75% of individuals with Holt–Oram syndrome (HOS) have a congenital heart malformation which may include an atrial or ventricular septal defect or heart block. In rare cases, the syndrome can affect other organs and systems which can be life threatening.
CASE REPORT: Here, we present a newborn with clinical and radiologic features of HOS consisting of bilateral asymmetric hypoplastic thumbs, generalized brachydactyly, limited bilateral supination due to radioulnar synostosis, and associated with complex heart disease and hypoplastic tricuspid valve.
CONCLUSION: In our case HOS is associated with complex congenital heart defects including atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect with hypoplastic tricuspid valve. Based on the listed literature we didn’t find any other case where tricuspid valve was affected.
The Impact of Laparoscopic Treated Endometrioma on the Live Birth Rate in IVF/ICSI Cycles Compared with Unexplained Infertility: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Stojkovska Snezhana , Dimitrov Gligor , Stojkovski Jane , Saltirovski Stefan , Hadzi-Lega Makuli
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 30–70% of patients who undergo treatment for infertility are afflicted with endometriosis.
AIM: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the impact of laparoscopic treated endometrioma compared to unexplained subfertility on the live birth rate in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
METHODS: This randomized prospective study included 120 women who contacted the department of IVF in the period from 2010 to 2015. Women were divided into two groups according to the findings obtained by laparoscopy. The treated endometrioma group (n = 60) with unilateral ovarian endometriomas and the non-endometriosis group (n = 60) with unexplained infertility undergoing the first cycle of IVF-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were included in the study. In all participants, ICSI was used and all had fresh embryo transfer per cycle. The primary outcome was to live birth.
RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that clinical pregnancy rates (p = 0.54) and live birth rate (p = 0.63) are similar. The preservation of a good ovarian response to stimulation by gonadotropins after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy was presented. Laparoscopic cystectomy is followed by good IVF/ICSI outcome into the level expected in women with unexplained subfertility.
CONCLUSION: Therefore, operative treatment is justified by not altering the live birth rate. Additional study is needed to be considered cystectomy before IVF as an effective approach for managing endometriosis-associated infertility.
Clinical Features of Patients with Probable 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infected Pneumonia in Rasht, Iran: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Karkhah Samad , Ghazanfari Mohammad Javad , Shamshirian Amir , Panahi Latif , Molai Meysam , Zeydi Amir Emami
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is the first pandemic infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus. Viral pneumonia is a severe complication of COVID-19.
AIM: Due to the high prevalence of this disease globally, especially in Iran, the aim of this study was to determine the clinical features of seven patients with probable COVID-19 infected pneumonia in Rasht, North Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective case series study, we described the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of seven patients with probable COVID-19 infected pneumonia at Razi Hospital, Rasht, north of Iran, from February 27 to March 16, 2020.
RESULTS: In this study, the most common clinical symptoms during hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 were poor appetite (seven cases), dehydration (seven cases), cough (six cases), dyspnea (six cases), fatigue (six cases), fever above 38°C (five cases), myalgia (five cases), Chills (five cases), feeling fever (five cases), sore throat (five cases), and nausea (five cases), respectively. The average body temperature in these patients was 39.32°C. In laboratory findings, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated in three patients. Contrary to most of the evidence, C-reactive protein was not elevated in five patients. All patients received antibiotic and antiviral medications and received symptomatic treatment. Finally, four patients responded to the treatments and were discharged from the hospital; two patients were still hospitalized and only one patient died.
CONCLUSION: Patients with COVID-19 associated pneumonia can be treated by evaluating and implementing appropriate therapeutic management. However, at the moment the disease progression for patients with COVID-19 cannot be accurately predicted.
Évaluons, évoluons
Authors: Tourmen Claire , Droyer Nathalie
Published: June 2020

Dans un premier temps, ce chapitre vise à rendre compte des différentes pratiques et fonctions de l’ évaluation des élèves dans l’ enseignement agricole. Dans un deuxième temps, il évoque leurs évolutions. Après avoir rappelé, la part importante de la note, il aborde les différentes fonctions d’ évaluation qui coexistent pour une même situation d’ évaluation. Ensuite, il présente les diverses prises d’informations nécessaires pour évaluer : formelles, informelles, ponctuelles mais aussi continues, dans la classe mais aussi en dehors de la classe… Puis, les évaluations spécifiques dans l’ enseignement agricole sont explicitées : le contrôle en cours de formation et ses débats avec les épreuves terminales, l’association des professionnels dans l’ évaluation des épreuves professionnelles, entre textes réglementaires et réalité… Ensuite, sont exposées l’ évaluation des compétences et la validation des acquis de l’ expérience dans l’ enseignement agricole avec leurs injonctions et pratiques multiples. Ce type d’ évaluation n’ est pas complètement nouveau à l’ agriculture (unités capitalisables) mais il n’ est pas entièrement ancré dans les pratiques : le passage de l’ évaluation des connaissances à l’ évaluation des compétences ne va pas de soi. Enfin, ce chapitre conclut sur les points aveugles de l’ évaluation qui subsistent, malgré les évolutions constatées (place, rôle et droit à la parole des élèves dans l’ évaluation).
Les ambivalences de l’antiracisme
Authors: Bruno Pierre
Published: June 2020

La question de l’évaluation du degré de racisme d’une œuvre recoupe trois problématiques. La première porte sur la définition même du racisme que l’on ne peut réduire aux expressions haineuses ou aux stéréotypes. La seconde s’attache au biais du regard critique qui a pu aboutir à sous-estimer longtemps le racisme au sein des classes diplômées. La troisième, liée aux questions de théorie littéraire, pointe les limites de la recherche d’un consensus sur le sens de l’œuvre. L’étude conduit à s’interroger sur une possible appropriation de l'antiracisme par une partie des classes diplômées, ainsi que sur les implications politiques de cette représentation du monde tant pour les « petits blancs », accablés de bien des péchés, que pour les « racisés » dont la représentation, bien plus bienveillante, n’est guère plus valorisante.
Le racisme dans les manuels de CM2 : quelle place, quels textes, quelle exploitation didactique depuis 2002 ?
Authors: Laroque Lydie
Published: June 2020

La notion de « valeurs civiques » et notamment celle concernant les discriminations raciales ou genrées est au cœur des nouveaux programmes de français de l’école de 2015. Toutefois, on peut se demander si la place qui leur est dévolue au sein des manuels a changé au cours du temps et si la sélection des textes retenus reste la même. Les programmes de 2015 présentent de nouvelles entrées qui comportent le risque d’une lecture privilégiant la valeur référentielle des textes au détriment d’une approche explicitement attentive au fonctionnement des œuvres littéraires. Ainsi, l’exploitation didactique du racisme dans les manuels actuels s’inscrit-elle dans la mise en sourdine plus générale du littéraire ? Pour répondre à ces questions, l’article étudie, à partir d’une méthodologie diachronique, dix manuels de CM2 depuis 2002, date qui marque l’entrée de la littérature dans les programmes officiels de cycle 3. Ils ont été analysés selon quatre axes : la sélection, l’assemblage (mise en relation du texte ou de l’extrait retenu avec d’autres), la mise en scène (focalisation sur certaines scènes) et l’exploitation didactique.
Dépasser les frontières discriminatoires du corpus à enseigner
Authors: Brinker Virginie
Published: June 2020

Et si la question des discriminations xénophobes commençait, pour les enseignants de lettres, par la question du corpus à enseigner ? Ce corpus, en tant qu’il maintient une distinction problématique entre littérature française, nationale, d’une part, et littératures francophones, étrangères, d’autre part, soulève, quand on l’analyse de près, des points de complexité liés à l’héritage de la colonisation dans notre société contemporaine, aux mécanismes de domination impliqués par la racialisation et à la difficulté de penser sereinement la différence au sein du discours universaliste républicain régissant notre société et son école. Or n’est-il pas possible de penser dans le paradoxe ? N’est-il pas possible d’envisager une pensée de la différence qui ne conduise pas aux replis communautaires, mais au contraire, soit l’élément premier qui permette d’envisager la construction d’un vouloir vivre collectif, et même (tant pis si l’expression peut paraitre galvaudée) celle d’un monde meilleur ? L’étude prend l’exemple de trois poètes, slameurs et rappeurs contemporains, aux origines diverses, Marc Alexandre Oho Bambe, Kalimat et Houssein Rohân, aisément abordables dans le secondaire comme à l’université, et dont les parcours individuels montrent l’inanité des partitions « littérature française » / « littérature francophone », tant ils ont une conception du monde et de la poésie en partage. Tous trois proposent, à travers une pensée de l’identité en mouvement, élaborée à partir d’une vision de la différence non figée, l’utopie réalisée d’un monde pleinement humaniste.
À propos de l’identité des « jeunes » français ayant la culture magrébine en héritage
Authors: Amokrane Rima , Guérin Emmanuelle
Published: June 2020

L’étude aborde la situation de ceux que les discours médiatico-politiques envisagent sous l’étiquette « jeunes (de banlieue, de cités, de quartiers…) » et, plus particulièrement, ceux ayant la culture maghrébine en héritage. Le propos vise à mettre en évidence la difficulté de se construire une identité française lorsque, même après plusieurs générations passées sur le territoire national, on continue à être « issu de l’immigration » ; autrement dit, être français sans être français. De fait, ce n’est pas sans conséquence sur l’intégration au milieu scolaire : comment lesdits jeunes envisagent-ils leur place à l’école de la République ? Quelle place est faite à ces dits jeunes ? Nous tentons d’apporter des éléments de compréhension à partir d’entretiens menés auprès de trois « jeunes » issus de milieux différents.
La catégorisation des erreurs linguistiques : une grille de codage fondée sur la grammaire moderne
Authors: Boivin Marie-Claude , Pinsonneault Reine
Published: June 2020

Nous présentons une grille de catégorisation des erreurs linguistiques organisée en quatre niveaux hiérarchiques, comprenant cent-treize codes et ayant servi au codage d’erreurs dans mille-six-cent-vingt-et-un textes d’élèves du primaire et du secondaire québécois. La grille reflète l’organisation conceptuelle des notions de la grammaire moderne. Les erreurs se répartissent en cinq catégories de niveau 1 : « syntaxe », « orthographe grammaticale », « grammaire textuelle », « orthographe lexicale » et « lexique ». La catégorie « syntaxe » se divise en six catégories de niveau 2, incluant « phrase simple » et « phrase complexe », qui comprend au niveau 3 « choix du subordonnant », « subordonnées participiales et infinitives », « coordination et juxtaposition », etc. La catégorie « orthographe grammaticale » se subdivise aussi en catégories de niveaux 2 et 3. Nous proposons quatre critères pour évaluer une grille de codage : adéquation à un modèle théorique , adéquation empirique , complétude et comparabilité , et montrons comment la grille répond à ces critères.
L’Opéra des enfers : langue, éloquence et Terreur dans Le Nouveau Paris de Louis-Sébastien Mercier
Authors: Brasart Patrick
Published: June 2020

Comment en un plomb vil l’or pur s’est-il changé ? Comment s’est opérée la descente aux enfers de la Révolution, et de son idéal de liberté dont « l’Année sans pareille » (1789) avait marqué le triomphe ? Dans Le Nouveau Paris (1798) de Louis-Sébastien Mercier, mosaïque de 271 chapitres de nature si diverse, cet « hérétique en littérature » ne cesse de s’interroger sur ce « grand drame », en tenant qu’il fut une « tragi-comédie », et que le burlesque y côtoya le tragique. D’où le recours fréquent à un registre satirique et pamphlétaire, où la question de la parole publique apparaît souvent à l’avant-scène : qu’est-ce que la Terreur fit à la langue, des sommets de la Convention à l’éloquence des carrefours ?
Je dis : « cette pute ». Du procès de la terreur en littérature
Authors: Geay Ian
Published: June 2020

L’article s’intéresse au récit matérialiste de l’écriture comme production de la terreur et terreur de la production. En 1893, Camille Lemonnier est traduit en justice pour « L’homme qui tue les femmes », une nouvelle sanglante parue quelques années plus tôt dans Le Gil Blas , dans laquelle il narre « les actes d’un maniaque, invinciblement poussé par sa manie à tuer les femmes publiques qui se donnent à lui ». L’autopsie du texte montre qu’il y fait en réalité le récit circonstancié du geste esthétique que constitue l’écriture littéraire, analogue au geste féminicide de Jack l’éventreur. Écrire, c’est toujours dépecer.
Polder et Le Siège de Saragosse : deux mises en scène de 1828 qui annoncent le drame romantique
Authors: Cooper Barbara T.
Published: June 2020

Aujourd’hui il n’est plus permis de penser les rapports du mélodrame et du drame romantique comme une succession chronologique. Leur concurrence dans le temps est faite d’influences réciproques qui défient la rigidité des bornes génériques tracées dans les manuels scolaires. Cet essai cherche à mettre en évidence les caractéristiques et la qualité exceptionnelle de la mise en scène de Polder, ou le Bourreau d’Amsterdam , de Guilbert de Pixerécourt et Victor Ducange et Le Siège de Saragosse , d’Antony Béraud, mélodrames de 1828, et tentera de montrer leur rapport avec la mise en scène aux pièces romantiques d’Alexandre Dumas et Victor Hugo à venir.
« Suivre l’indication du livre ». Réflexions sur la mise en scène à travers les postures d’auteurs et les conduites éditoriales au XIX e siècle
Authors: Robardey-Eppstein Sylviane
Published: June 2020

Au xix e  siècle, la mise en scène se comprend autant comme translation scénique que comme explicitation écrite d’une pratique : didascalies, notes paratextuelles et correspondances signalent des postures auctoriales et éditoriales qui éclairent la manière dont se sont transmis des savoir-faire et des inventions. La prise en charge de la mise en scène par le (para) texte relèverait donc davantage d’un souci de communication d’un modèle éprouvé et ductile que d’injonctions visant une reproduction immuable de ce modèle. Dès lors, s’impose une autre lecture théorique des didascalies : non comme vision scénique « idéale » ni comme mémento d’une représentation passée, mais comme indices contribuant à l’histoire de la mise en scène. Dans les paratextes, se profile une prise de conscience : celle de la dimension artistique du travail scénique et de la valeur testimoniale des éditions à cet égard.
Contre le « bric-à-brac » : réticences et résistances de la critique dramatique (1870-1900)
Authors: Bouchardon Marianne
Published: June 2020

Durant toute la période qui s’étend du début de la direction d’Émile Perrin à la Comédie-Française (1871) à la mort de Francisque Sarcey, l’influent feuilletoniste du journal Le Temps (1889), la critique dramatique se fait un devoir de lutter contre le développement de la mise en scène, qui lui apparaît comme un facteur de décadence du théâtre. Elle déploie, à cet effet, tout une série d’arguments. Ainsi, la rivalité supposée entre l’œil et l’oreille empêcherait le spectateur qui regarde de bien entendre. La confusion générique induite par l’influence du grand spectacle menacerait, en outre, de faire basculer le théâtre dans le domaine de l’attraction et de l’exhibition ; enfin, que la richesse de la décoration soit perçue comme la cause ou comme la conséquence de la pauvreté du texte, un lien est régulièrement établi entre le progrès de la mise en scène et le déclin de l’écriture dramatique.
La Mise en scène au Théâtre des Funambules : spectaculaire, mime et poésie
Authors: Nye Edward
Published: June 2020

Le plus célèbre mime du xix e  siècle, Jean-Gaspard Deburau, apporta une qualité particulière à la mise en scène de la pantomime-arlequinade, genre de théâtre généralement muet et éminemment visuel. Sa technique subtile, expressive et dialogique alternait avec l’action spectaculaire pour donner à ce théâtre un rythme qui n’est pas sans rappeler celui de la parole et du chant dans le vaudeville ou du récitatif et de l’air à l’opéra. Deburau et la pantomime-arlequinade eurent énormément de succès, y compris auprès d’écrivains et de poètes de renom comme Banville, Baudelaire et Gautier dont les observations sur ce théâtre et cet acteur ne peuvent être bien comprises que lorsque l’on prend en compte cette mise en scène binaire.
« Lanterne magique » (Lorrain) et Mouny-Robin (Sand) : le chœur du fantastique
Authors: Prince Nathalie
Published: June 2020

Dans une démarche comparatiste, l’article analyse deux récits brefs de George Sand et de Jean Lorrain, à savoir respectivement Mouny-Robin et « Lanterne magique », récits distants de près de soixante ans (1841 et 1900) et que rapprochent une structure identique (des récits enchâssés), une thématique musicale (deux représentations d’opéra, le Freischütz de Carl Maria von Weber et La Damnation de Faust d’Hector Berlioz) et une interrogation commune (le devenir du fantastique littéraire en époque positiviste). La réflexion met au jour l’art et la manière de fantastiquer de la part de chaque auteur, avec chez Lorrain un fantastique fin-de-siècle d’esprit décadentiste qui tend à recouvrir la surface du réel d’images destinées à l’ inquiéter , et, chez Sand, un fantastique plus « pittoresque » et folklorisant.
Exploring a threshold concept framework to fan studies research methodologies
Authors: Olejnik Mandy Rhae , Hart Danielle
Published: June 2020

We turn to threshold concept theory to imagine ways scholars can approach fan studies methodologies and make their research and underlying values more explicit, as well as outline what some common and shared values and foundational concepts are in the discipline. We consider notions that all fans understand and value, regardless of home discipline, and the ways such shared understandings can lead to shared and consistent research methods and methodologies. We also provide some examples and illustrations from our own experiences before concluding with a threshold concept–inspired framework for conceiving of fan studies methodologies.
Rhetorical moves in disclosing fan identity in fandom scholarship
Authors: Raw Adrienne E.
Published: June 2020

The position of the acafan in fan studies remains under negotiation, and authors must make choices about if and how identities as fans are disclosed within scholarship. An analysis of sixty-nine articles published in Transformative Works and Cultures identified the rhetorical moves made when disclosing fan identities and assessed the trends in these disclosures that are present across a sample of fan studies scholarship. These moves of disclosure facilitate rhetorical identification between author and audience, enable negotiation of overlapping fan and scholar identities, and demonstrate a valuing of fan identities in scholarship. The question of disclosing fannish identity reflects the ongoing evolutions of the role of acafandom and questions about the intersections of identity and scholarship. Making choices and practices explicit and visible will help acafans continue to examine the dual position of fan and scholar and will help better reflect the balance between the two.
Placing fandom, studying fans: Modified acafandom in practice
Authors: Waysdorf Abby
Published: June 2020

For nearly three decades, the field of fan studies has helped to shift the conversation on fandom from a study of pathological individuals to exploring how groups make use of and transform the contemporary media landscape. Fandom itself is also changing. What was once a niche subculture is now a way for us to make sense of the mediated world around us. As the concept and structures of fandom expand, we as fandom researchers must broaden our methodology to analyze fans who aren't like us while also keeping the empathetic understanding of fandom that has made the field what it is. One attempt at this project is the modified acafandom approach developed as part of the Locating Imagination project. In researching film tourism, something I had little interest in personally participating in, I needed to go beyond the traditional autoethnographic acafan approach and develop my skills as a social sciences researcher. However, it was important to me to foreground the perspective of fan studies as a field throughout the project. The result shows how the modified acafandom approach can be useful in both qualitative media research and fan studies. The research modalities of the social sciences can usefully broaden the field of fandom research.
Fan users and platform studies
Authors: Alberto Maria
Published: June 2020

An analysis of the issues and limitations inherent in platform studies considers what the field could offer fan studies despite such obstacles and notes some key concepts to keep in mind when considering a platform studies approach to fan studies work. Fan studies scholars may need to adapt certain elements of platform studies in order to suit both fan studies work and the wider cultural idea of what a platform is.
Toward some fanons of fan studies
Authors: Largent Julia E. , Popova Milena , Vist Elise
Published: June 2020

Editorial for guest-edited issue, "Fan Studies Methodologies," Transformative Works and Cultures, no. 33 (June 15, 2020).
Cultural Norms and Expectations Within the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Savic Dalvony Duraes Alkmim , Dariescu Mihaela
Published: June 2020

The business environment differs across nations and throughout industries. The hospitality industry is no different; one managerial approach that functions well in one nation might not be necessarily applicable in another. This suggests that to successfully manage across different countries it is vital that managers acquire the necessary skills to effectively manage employees and guests with different backgrounds and expectations. Hence, the objectives of this chapter are to define and discuss culture and cross-culture management, explain the importance of understanding multicultural perspectives, and discuss the managerial approaches of managing workforce diversity and cultural diversity.
Design discharge estimation in small and ungauged basins: EBA4SUB framework sensitivity analysis
Authors: Petroselli Andrea , Piscopia Rodolfo , Grimaldi Salvatore
Published: June 2020

The design hydrograph and the related peak discharge estimation for small and ungauged basins is a common problem in practical hydrology. When discharge observations are not available, it is difficult to calibrate physically-based hydrological models that are typically characterized by a large number of input parameters. Recently, a simple empirical-conceptual rainfall-runoff model called EBA4SUB (event-based approach for small and ungauged basins) has been proposed. Its advantages are a limited user subjectivity, the employment of advanced hydrologic modules, and the use of input data similar to the information necessary for applying the well-known rational formula. In this contribution we illustrate the EBA4SUB sensitivity analysis, in order to assess the input parameters influence on the output design discharge. Results showed, as expected, that the most effective parameter is the curve number, followed by the concentration time. On the contrary, the threshold area value for classifying the drainage network, the time resolution of the design hyetograph and of the unit hydrograph, and the kinematic parameters needed to estimate the flow time can be considered as ancillary input parameters.
Safe chest tube placement in a patient with tension pneumothorax receiving rivaroxaban therapy for non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Cipriano Alessandro , Parollo Matteo , Taurino Ester , Venturi Elena , Santini Massimo
Published: June 2020

The number of patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants is increasing worldwide. Although bleeding complications associated with direct oral anticoagulants are lower than those associated with vitamin K antagonists, the increased number of patients treated with these anticoagulants suggests that a higher absolute number of patients are at risk. Tube thoracostomy is an invasive procedure with a high risk of bleeding. To date, among direct oral anticoagulants, only dabigatran has a well-studied antidote to reverse its effects during emergency procedure or surgery. This report describes a case in which emergency placement of a tube thoracostomy, in a patient with type 2 respiratory failure due to left tension pneumothorax and receiving the anticoagulant rivaroxaban, in the pharmacokinetics phase with greater anticoagulant effect, did not result in bleeding greater than that typically encountered during such interventions. The procedure ended successfully with no acute complications.
XIX. Asırda Yeni Dil ve Çok Anlamlılık
Authors: ÖNER Mustafa
Published: June 2020

XIX. asır, Türkiye’de ve Türk Dünyasında kendilerine göre
tarihî şartlarla farklı biçimlerde modernleşmenin yaşandığı bir çağdır. Modern
okulların açılması, yaygın eğitimin kurulması, okuma-yazmanın yayılması, yazılı
kültürün ve basının gelişmesi, roman ve tiyatro gibi edebiyat türlerinin
Avrupa’dan gelişi hemen göze çarpan yeniliklerdir. Bu yenilikler çağı hiç
şüphesiz yepyeni bir dil yarattı. Genel dil bilimi
verilerine göre, bir dilin anlam yapısının toplumun yaşantısına doğrudan bağlı
olduğunu ve yaşantıdaki değişimlerin doğrudan doğruya dilin semantiğine
yansıdığını biliyoruz. Bu toplum ve dil bağlantısını konumuz olan çok
anlamlılık dolayısıyla iyice vurgulamak gerekir.
Türkçe ocak sözünün Acemi ocağı, Yeniçeri ocağı, cebeci ocağı,
topçu ocağı gibi teşkilat adları, askerî terminolojideki biçimleri çok
anlamlılık (polysemy) örnekleridir.
Yine Türkçe sancak “bayrak”
Osmanlılarda, XV. yüzyılda
“idare” ve “kumanda” anlamları yanında artık “idarî bölge” polisemik anlamına
da geçmiştir. Ancak oda sözündeki bu çok anlamlılığın yanı sıra “serbest meslek adamlarını içinde
toplayan resmî birlik” gibi yeni
anlamının ve sanayi
odası, ticaret odası gibi kullanımlarının XIX. asırda
Tanzimat’tan sonra Fransızca chambre
sözünün tercümesi (calque) ile
meydana geldiği anlaşılıyor. Yenileşme çağı olan
XIX. asırda Türkçeye geçmeye başlayan Fransızca alıntılar, bugün azımsanmayacak
kadar çoktur ve dilde neredeyse değişmeden yaşamaya devam etmektedir. Bunların
yanı sıra ticaret odası, sanayi odası
örneklerindeki gibi kopyalanmış anlamlar ise incelenmeye muhtaç çok
anlamlılıklar arasında örtülü durmaktadır. Bu makalede oda, daire vb.
kelimelerde çok anlamlılık olgusu incelenecektir.
Seyyid’in Manzum Menâsik-i Haccı ve Menâzilnâmesi ile Neşredilmiş Menazilnâmeler Arasında Menziller Bakımından Bir Mukayese Çalışması
Authors: YILMAZ Kadri H.
Published: June 2020

Toplumların
sosyal hayatının hemen her unsuru, her türlü faaliyeti edebî ürünlerin birer
malzemesidir. Temelinde yolculuk olan ve gezilip görülen yerlerin anlatıldığı
eserlerin oluşturduğu bir edebî tür olan seyahatnâmelerin belki de bir alt türü
sayılabilecek ürünü de hac yolculuğundaki izlenimlerin anlatıldığı eserlerdir.
Bu tip eserler,  haccın gerekleri ve
yasaklarını anlatan menâsikler ve hac yolculuğunda konaklanan yerlerle ilgili
coğrafî, yiyecek içecek durumu ve mesafe bilgileri veren menâzilnâmeler olmak
üzere ikiye ayrılır. Kimi yazarlar bu iki kısımdan birini kaleme alırken kimi
yazarlar her iki kısma da eserlerine yer verirler. Seyyid’in eseri de menâsik
ve menâzil olmak üzere iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Eserin metni, Berlin Milli Kütüphanesi
ve Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı Kütüphanesi’nde bulunan iki yazma nüsha üzerinden
oluşturulmuştur. Menâsik bölümünde, haccın
gerekleri, haccı eda etmenin şartları, ihrama nasıl girileceği haccın farzları,
vacipleri, terk edilmemesi gereken sünnetler, haccı bozan unsurlar, mekruhlar,
haram olan şeyler, gibi birçok konuda toplam on altı başlık altında bilgiler
verilmektedir. Menâzil bölümünde ise, İstanbul’dan Şam’a kadar olan yerlerin
sadece isimleri verilirken Şam’dan Medine’ye kadar konaklanan menzillerin
coğrâfi şartları, yiyecek içiecek durumları ve aralarındaki mesafelere de yer
verilmiştir. Seyyid’in eserin bazı yerlerinde içinde bulunduğu ruhsal durumdan
bahsettiği, bazen de rüşvet ve adaletsizlik gibi toplumsal konularda da
eleştirilerde bulunduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada son olarak hac menâzilnâmeleri
arasındaki ortaklıklar ve farklıklar gösterilmeye çalışılmış, aynı yolu takip
eden ve hem su durumu hem de mesafe bilgileri veren Sulhî, Seyyid ve Cûdî’nin
menâzilnâmeleri bu yönleriyle bir tabloda gösterilmiştir.
Manifestik Bir Metin Olarak “Radyoda Hisar Saati”
Authors: KARAHAN Ali
Published: June 2020

Kamuoyuna
herhangi bir konunun duyurulması için yazılan metinler olarak manifestolar,
yayımlanmaya başlandığı ilk dönemlerde daha çok toplumsal ve siyasal konularda
olmakla birlikte 20. yy birlikte sanatsal yeniliklerin çağrı bildirileri halini
almıştır. Geleneksel edebiyatı çağdaş edebiyatla sentezleyip, sosyal gerçekçi
edebiyat anlayışına itiraz eden Hisarcılar, bir çıkış manifestosu
yayımlamamıştır. Derginin ilk çıkışından 17 yıl sonra Türk edebiyatında ilk kez
bir radyo programında Rıdvan Çongur’un sorduğu soruya Mehmet Çınarlı’nın verdiği
cevap üzerine şekillenen Hisar manifestosu daha sonra derginin 38 ve 39.
sayılarında “Radyoda Hisar Saati” başlığıyla yayımlanmıştır. Manifesto, politik
görüşlerin sanatın konusu haline gelmesine ve batılı edebiyatların taklit
edilmesine itiraz eden ilkeler içermektedir. Ayrıca Hisarcıların sanat görüşü
olan geleneksel Türk edebiyatını kaynak olarak benimseme ve yaşayan Türkçeyi
savunma da manifestonun içerdiği ilkelerdendir. Bu yönleriyle “Radyoda Hisar
Saati” manifestosuyla Hisarcılar, Garip’e, sosyal gerçekçi edebiyat anlayışına
ve İkinci Yeni’ye itiraz etmiştir. “Biz” dilinin baskın olduğu manifesto,  bir cephe oluşturarak karşı çıktığı edebiyat
görüşlerini “öteki” ilan etmiştir. Bu makalede Hisarcıların manifestosu olan
“Radyoda Hisar Saati” metninde belirtilen ilkelerin manifestik yönlerini ele
almaya çalıştık.
Abstract Indonesia & English
Authors: Redaksi
Published: June 2020

Kumpulan Abstrak dari Jurnal Penelitian Pers dan Komunikasi Pembangunan Volume 18 No.1 - No.3.
Lembar Abstrak
Authors: Redaksi
Published: June 2020

Lembar Abstrak Jurnal Penelirian Pers dan Komunikasi Pembangunan Volume 19, No.1, Juni 2015
TOPIC MODELING IN CLINICAL REPORTS - A SURVEY
Authors: R Ponmalar , D Ponnarasi , A Sangeetha , R Kingsy Grace
Published: June 2020

Text mining is a process of converting unstructured data into meaningful data. It may be loosely characterized as the process of analyzing text to extract information that is useful for particular purposes. Topic modeling is a form of text mining, a way of identifying patterns in a corpus. The topics produced by topic modeling techniques are clusters of similar words that are frequently occur together. Topic modeling is also a frequently used text-mining tool for discovery of hidden semantic structures in a text body. Intuitively, a document is about a particular topic, one would expect particular words to appear in the document more or less frequently. This paper, presents a survey on topic modeling in clinical documents.
AN EFFICIENT FAULT TOLERANT CLUSTERING FOR SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOW
Authors: A Bharanidharan , RAJ Jahashri , K Srinivasan , V Tarun
Published: June 2020

An effective method for the reduction of execution overhead and for improving the computational granularity of scientific workflow tasks that are executing on distributed resources is Task clustering. A job is composed of many tasks and may have a higher risk of suffering from failures than in executing a single task job. In this paper, we direct a hypothetical investigation of the effect of transient failures on the runtime execution of logical work process executions .This system proposes a maximum likelihood estimation-based parameter algorithm which is used for a general task failure modeling framework to model the workflow performance. In this paper, the system proposed here is Dynamic Balanced clustering method which combines the methods of vertical clustering, horizontal clustering and dynamic clustering to reduce the execution overhead for the scientific workflow task execution.
MEMBANGUN TEOLOGI PERTANIAN MELALUI PEMBACAAN LINTAS TEKSTUAL INJIL MATIUS DAN KOSMOLOGI JAWA
Authors: Panjaitan Firman
Published: June 2020

Dewasa ini pertanian yang dijalankan seringkali mengandalkan pestisida yang mengakibatkan kerusakan tanah dan ketidakseimbangan ekosistem. Ini disebabkan manusia tidak merasa sebagai bagian dari alam. Artikel ini bertujuan menggali keteladanan Yesus Kristus sebagai seorang petani seperti yang dituliskan dalam Injil Matius dan menghubungkannya dengan kearifan kosmologis budaya Jawa. Harapannya akan membangun sebuah teologi pertanian kontekstual yang menghargai dan menjaga keharmonisan hidup alam. Metode yang digunakan adalah pembacaan lintas tekstual, yaitu mengambil pesan positif dari dua teks/konteks yang disandingkan untuk membangun sebuah bentuk teologi yang kontekstual. Hasilnya, teologi pertanian kontekstual menekankan bahwa bertani adalah sebuah ibadah yang mendorong manusia untuk menjaga kelestarian alam semesta dengan kesadaran bahwa manusia dan alam adalah sesama saudara diciptakan oleh Tuhan. Keduanya harus saling menjaga dan melindungi. Di dalam kesatuan tersebut mereka menemukan diri mereka bersatu dengan Allah. Teologi pertanian kontekstual hanya merekomendasi pertanian organik sebagai cara bertani yang benar karena model ini akan menjaga kelestarian hidup alam dan manusia.
Effect of Work Motivation on Employee Performance
Authors: Purwanto Kelik
Published: June 2020

Research was conducted with to determine  extentthe influence work motivation simultaneously on employee performance. How far the influence work motivation partially employee performance. This type research conclusive research that answering problem that requires solution using quantitative descriptive approach. Analysis Techniques with Validity Test, Instrument Reliability Test, Descriptive statistical analysis, Hypothesis Test, Linearity Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis.Motivation together has  positive effect  employee performance based  the Summary model above that the coefficient R is (0.730) and the Adjusted R Square coefficient value 0.510 which means that there is influence of work motivation is (51%) and the rest (49%) in influenced  other variables not examined To see whether work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, it can be seen that the value f_count 23.531 greater than f_table of 2.75, which  23.531> 2.75 with  significance level of 0.000. Work motivation has  positive and significant effect on employee performance seen in the coefficient table, value of 2.034 is greater than t_table 1.99897 with a significant level smaller than alpha (0.046 <0.05), then Ho is rejected and accepted Conclusion Motivation Variable (X_1) as independent variables in this study simultaneously and partially have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
Analysis The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on E-Commerce Entrepreneur Motivation in Information Systems Students
Authors: Gusteti Yesi , Juan Colin Jujuk
Published: June 2020

This research aims at analyzing the effect of entrepreneur education toward students’ entrepreneur motivation especially e-commerce on system information students of computer science faculty. Dharmas Indonesia University. Dharmasraya, West Sumatera.Curriculum of system information gives computer science approach toward business management in order to graduate students are capable to get jobs related to system information field especially in implementing of computerizing on business management. E-commerce is one of business computer-based and internet technology that have been developed rapidly and well-known recently. On line business is one of e-commerce that can be reached by many people. This research used regression linear analysis to find the effect of profit, independent, freedom, personal dream, environment and mode toward entrepreneur motivation of e-commerce on system information students at Dharmas Indonesia University(UNDHARI).

Keywords: entrepreneur, motivation, e-commerce.
A EVOLUÇÃO DA MÃO DE OBRA FEMININA: UMA ANÁLISE ENTRE O ESTADO DO PARANÁ E A CIDADE DE GUARAPUAVA
Authors: Ferreira Emanuele . , Antoniazzi Elisiane Aparecida , Novak Maricléia Aparecida Leite
Published: June 2020

Esta pesquisa aborda a inserção da mão de obra feminina no mercado de trabalho formal. Neste contexto, objetivou-se neste trabalho evidenciar a evolução do mercado de trabalho feminino no Paraná e Guarapuava, o perfil etário e educacional das mulheres inseridas no mercado de trabalho formal e a remuneração média no período de 2010 a 2014. Para a condução desta pesquisa utilizou-se o método dedutivo, comparativo e a pesquisa descritiva. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a evolução da força de trabalho feminina no Paraná e em Guarapuava, mostram ainda que as mulheres foram em busca de mais qualificação e hoje podem considerar muitos obstáculos superados, entretanto a discriminação e preconceito perduram, principalmente no que diz respeito à remuneração, há um longo caminho a se percorrer para chegar à equidade de gênero no âmbito profissional.
Pengaruh Label Halal, Kualitas Produk Dan Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Kemasan Dan Dampaknya Pada Loyalitas Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Islam Riau
Authors: Saleh Syamsilasmi , Zulkarnain  , Arifin Kasman
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui pengaruh label halal, kualitas produk, dan harga terhadapkeputusan pembelian 2). mengetahui pengaruh keputusan pembelian terhadap loyalitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Islam Riau dengan jumlah responden 100 mahasiswa FEKON UIR. Data dikupulkan dengan menngunakan kuesioner dn dianalisis dengan meggunakan analisis regresi berganda dan regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa label halal memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap keputusan pembelian mahasiswa FEKON UIR. Kualitas produk tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dan positif terhadap keputusan pembelian mahasiswa FEKON UIR. Harga memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap keputusan pembelian mahasiswa FEKON UIR. Keputusan pembelian memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap loyalitas mahasiswa FEKON UIR.
Culturally Responsive Mathematics Teaching and Young Learners
Authors: Baker Katherine
Published: June 2020

This abbreviated literature review features studies regarding elementary mathematics instruction and the mathematics teachers that act in ways that lend to and further cultural responsiveness. Teachers presented in the review utilized a pedagogical style referred to as responsive teaching (Empson, 2014) and studies were re-read and analyzed with a lens of cultural responsiveness, specifically that of culturally responsive teaching (CRT). The analysis exposed common practices across this vein of mathematics teaching that uphold the tenets of cultural responsiveness. The value that this form of instruction holds for young learners is also presented.
Non-Resident Holdings of Domestic Debt in Nigeria
Authors: Hosny Amr
Published: June 2020

Foreign holdings of domestic debt instruments in Nigeria have been increasing. Using data over 2007M1-2019M1, we show that, on average, global factors (global interest rates, oil prices) seem to carry more weight than domestic factors (treasury bills rate and domestic risk) in foreign portfolio invetsors’ decisions in Nigeria. Specifically, we show that foreign participation is, in the long run, positively correlated with oil prices and profitable rates of return on local-currency instruments, but negatively correlated with exchange rate depreciation pressures. In the short run, oil prices, opportunity cost of funds and perception of Nigeria-specific risks also play a role. These results highlight the volatile short-term nature of such flows and call for a package of policy reforms to attract longer term direct investments.
Relevance of aboveground litter for soil organic matter formation – a soil profile perspective
Authors: Liebmann Patrick , Wordell-Dietrich Patrick , Kalbitz Karsten , Mikutta Robert , Kalks Fabian , Don Axel , Woche Susanne K. , Dsilva Leena R. , Guggenberger Georg
Published: June 2020

Abstract. In contrast to mineral topsoils, in subsoils the origin
and processes leading to the formation and stabilization of organic matter
(OM) are still not well known. This study addresses the fate of
litter-derived carbon (C) in whole soil profiles with regard to the
conceptual cascade model, which proposes that OM formation in subsoils is
linked to sorption–microbial processing–remobilization cycles during the
downward migration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Our main objectives
were to quantify the contribution of recent litter to subsoil C stocks via
DOC translocation and to evaluate the stability of litter-derived OM in
different functional OM fractions. A plot-scale stable isotope-labeling experiment was conducted in a temperate
beech forest by replacing the natural litter layer with 13C enriched
litter on an area of 20 m2 above a Dystric Cambisol. After 22 months of
field exposure, the labeled litter was replaced again by natural litter and
soil cores were drilled down to 180 cm soil depth. Water extraction and
density fractionation were combined with stable isotope measurements in
order to link the fluxes of recent litter-derived C to its allocation into
different functional OM fractions. A second sampling was conducted 18 months
later to further account for the stability of translocated young
litter-derived C. Almost no litter-derived particulate OM (POM) entered the subsoil,
suggesting root biomass as the major source of subsoil POM. The contribution
of aboveground litter to the formation of mineral-associated OM (MAOM) in
topsoils (0–10 cm) was 1.88±0.83 g C m−2 and decreased to
0.69±0.19 g C m−2 in the upper subsoil (10–50 cm) and 0.01±0.02 g C m−2 in the deep subsoil >100 cm soil depth
during the 22 months. This finding suggests a subordinate importance of
recent litter layer inputs via DOC translocation to subsoil C stocks, and
implies that most of the OM in the subsoil is of older age. Smaller losses
of litter-derived C within MAOM of about 66 % compared to POM (77 %–89 %) over 18 months indicate that recent carbon can be stabilized by
interaction with mineral surfaces; although the overall stabilization in the
sandy study soils is limited. Our isotope-labeling approach supports the
concept of OM undergoing a sequence of cycles of sorption, microbial
processing, and desorption while migrating down a soil profile, which needs
to be considered in models of soil OM formation and subsoil C cycling.
Precipitation reconstruction based on tree-ring width over the past 270 years in the central Lesser Khingan Mountains, Northeast China
Authors: Li Mingqi , Deng Guofu , Shao Xuemei , Yin Zhi-Yong
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Inter-annual variations in precipitation play important roles in management of forest ecosystems and agricultural production in Northeast China. This study presents a 270-year precipitation reconstruction of winter to early growing season for the central Lesser Khingan Mountains, Northeast China based on tree-ring width data from 99 tree-ring cores of Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. from two sampling sites near Yichun. The reconstruction explained 43.9 % of the variance in precipitation from the previous October to current June during the calibration period 1956–2017. At the decadal scale, we identified four dry periods that occurred during AD 1748–1759, 1774–1786, 1881–1886 and 1918–1924, and four wet periods occurring during AD 1790–1795, 1818–1824, 1852–1859 and 2008–2017, and the period AD 2008–2017 was the wettest in the past 270 years. Power spectral analysis and wavelet analysis revealed cyclic patterns on the inter-annual (2–3 years) and inter-decadal (~11 and ~32–60 years) timescales in the reconstructed series, which may be associated with the large-scale circulation patterns such as the Arctic Oscillation and North Atlantic Oscillation through their impacts on the Asian polar vortex intensity, as well as the solar activity.