bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Collection and SEM Identification of Oral Biofilm Using Indirect Composite Prototype Restorations. Clinical and Laboratory Study
Authors: Georgiev Kostadin G. , Filipov Ivan A. , Dobrev Iliyan N.
Published: July 2018

Background: The oral ecosystem is a dynamic environment inhabited by more than 700 microbial taxa. Recent studies report that multispecies oral biofilms develop on the surface of resin composites leading to degradation of its organic matrix and altered structural stability of the restoration.

Aim: To examine the efficacy of a novel clinical approach to investigating in vivo formed biofilms on resin composite surfaces.

Materials and methods: The clinical protocol of this study implemented indirect composite molar restorations (from resin material Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE) as intraoral biofilm carriers (test devices). We recruited for the experiment 5 consenting adult subjects with indications for indirect molar restoration. For each subject we fabricated 4 indirect restorations, 3 of which dedicated to different intraoral duration – 3, 7, and 14 days. All composite carriers were fixed temporarily for the intended time period and consecutively replaced. The detached carriers were prepared for microscope analysis at each time interval. The fourth composite carrier was used as the definitive restoration.

Results: The timeline of the biofilm formation and the microbial morphology were associated with previous studies of in vivo bacterial colonisation. A correlation between the plaque formation cycle and the DMFt indices of the subjects was established.

Conclusions: The implementation of indirect composite restorations as intraoral biofilm carrier offers valuable contribution to the real time investigation of in vivo biofilm accumulation.
The tower of profinite completions
Authors: Bar-On Tamar
Published: July 2018

We show that the tower of profinite completions of a nonstrongly complete profinite group continues indefinitely.
Comparison of two different treatments in depressed pregnant women: fetal growth characteristics and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Giardinelli Lisa , Lelli Lorenzo , Ugolini Valentina , Lazzeretti Lisa , Burian Iuliia , Lino Giuliana , Lunardi Clara , Castellini Giovanni , Ricca Valdo
Published: July 2018

Background

In this pilot study, the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and psychological intervention on fetal growth characteristics and neonatal outcomes were evaluated in two different groups of women affected by prenatal depression.

Methods

Forty-seven pregnant women diagnosed with major depression were divided into two different treatment groups according to the severity of their depression. The first group was treated with a combination of pharmacotherapy and psychological support. The second group (milder depression) was treated with psychological support only. The control group (CG) was made up of 26 healthy pregnant women. All of the patients and controls were assessed by means of a structured clinical interview and different self-reported questionnaires. Fetal ultrasonography assessments were performed in the second and third trimesters. Neonatal outcomes were evaluated at delivery.

Results

The infants of both treatment groups showed significant alterations in fetal biometry and a higher rate of low birth weight (LBW) with respect to controls. The infants of the patients treated with psychological support showed only a significantly higher rate of head circumference, <10th percentile with respect to controls. No significant difference was found between the two patient groups when fetal growth characteristics and neonatal outcomes were taken into account.

Conclusion

The data obtained from this study shed light on the effects of pharmacological and psychological treatment of prenatal depression on fetal growth.
A Lost Search for a Generic Tort Action Protecting “Peace of Mind”
Authors: White G. Edward
Published: July 2018

I plan to spend most of my time today setting forth the details of an episode in the mid twentieth-century history of American tort law, from which I intend to draw some observations on the place of history in tort law, or, put more precisely, the relationship between tort law and its surrounding cultural contexts, which amount to, when one has some distance from those contexts, its history. But before getting to that episode, I want to state, in general terms, what I take the relationship of tort law to its history to be. I don’t think tort law is any different from any other field of law, private or public, in its relationship to history. I’ve completed two books in a series called Law in American History, and am in the process of writing a third. The coverage of those works ranges from the colonial years through the twentieth century, and I take up fields in both public and private law, including torts. Throughout the books my theory of the relationship of law to its “history”–its surrounding contexts–is that the relationship is reciprocal. Law, at any point in time, is both affected by developments in the larger culture and affects them.
Hippocampale synaptische Plastizität bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen: Aβ, Tau und darüber hinaus
Authors: Balschun Detlef , Rowan Michael J.
Published: July 2018

Die Untersuchung von Langzeitpotenzierung (LTP) und Langzeitdepression (LTD) in Krankheitsmodellen ermöglicht wichtige Einblicke in synaptische Dysfunktion und Umformung bei vielen neuropsychiatrischen und neurologischen Erkrankungen. Die Hemmung synaptischer Plastizität im Hippokampus durch fehlgefaltete Formen der beiden Schlüsselproteine der Alzheimer-Krankheit, Amyloid (Aβ) und Tau, liefert einen hochempfindlichen Test auf drohendes synaptisches Versagen und nachfolgende strukturelle Pathologie. Viele transgene und injektionsinduzierte Nagermodelle zeigen eine schnelle und andauernde Hemmung von LTP und manchmal entgegengesetzte Effekte von Aβ und Tau auf LTD. Interessanterweise sind sowohl intrazelluläre als auch extrazelluläre Wirkungen dieser Proteine beteiligt. Gegenwärtig werden sowohl diese Proteine als auch deren synaptotoxische Wirkungen erforscht, um die Verschiebung von physiologischer zu pathologischer Plastizität bei der frühen Alzheimer-Krankheit zu korrigieren.
The Migration of Corner Separation Flow in Multi-Channel Compressor Cascades at High Attack Angle
Authors: Duan Yu , Jiang Bin , Zheng Qun , Zhao Weicheng , Chen Zhongliang , Ma Yuchen , Zhang Hai
Published: July 2018

The corner stall is known as a thorny problem for further increase of aerodynamic load and stability of compressors because of the notable instability separation flow in 3D space. The unsteady flow field in 6 channel rectangle cascades with clearance is studied by numerical simulation of RANS with SST turbulence model and γ-Reθ transition model. The analysis of results shows that with the increase of attack angle, the low energy fluid in the corner region chooses to move along spanwise direction firstly and fluctuates periodically. At critical angle of attack, the low energy fluid adapts to the too large flow drag by breaking through the limitation of local space in identified cascade corner and propagates as a way of unstable stall cells at lateral speed of 27.47% of inlet velocity.
Corilagin attenuates the Parkinsonismin Japanese encephalitis virus induced Parkinsonism
Authors: Yanbing Ding , Lixia Huang , Jun Chen , Song Hu , Fahu Yuan , Jinwen Tu
Published: July 2018

This study evaluates the protective effect of corilagin against Parkinsonismin Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) induced Parkinson’s disease. The JaGAr-01 strain of virus was used to induce JE. The virus was injected into the rats (13 days age) at the midpoint between the two ears. Adult rats, 12 week after the inoculation of virus, were used for the further study. Corilagin (20 mg/kg) and levodopa with dopa decarboxylase inhibitor (LEV, 10 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally for the duration of one week. Bradykinesia and the levels of dopamine in the brain were estimated at the end of protocol. There was a significant decrease inthe motor function in the corilagin, LEV and LEV + corilagin treated groupscompared to the negative control group. However treatment with corilagin, LEV and LEV + corilagin significantly increases the level of dopamine in the brain compared to the negative control group. This study concludes that corilagin ameliorates the Parkinsonismin JEV induced Parkinsonism. Moreover it shows a synergistic effect when treated with LEV. Data presented in the investigation supports that corilagin can be used clinically.
Effects of an Upper-Body Training Program Involving Resistance Exercise and High-Intensity Arm Cranking on Peak Handcycling Performance and Wheelchair Propulsion Efficiency in Able-Bodied Men
Authors: Chaikhot Dhissanuvach , Reed Katherine , Petroongrad Wannakarn , Athanasiou Fotios , van Kooten Daan , Hettinga Florentina J.
Published: July 2018

Chaikhot, D, Reed, K, Petroongrad, W, Athanasiou, F, van Kooten, D, and Hettinga, FJ. Effects of an upper-body training program involving resistance exercise and high-intensity arm cranking on peak handcycling performance and wheelchair propulsion efficiency in able-bodied men. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2267–2275, 2020—The aim of this study was to determine the training effects of an upper-body training program involving resistance exercise and high-intensity arm cranking on peak handcycling performance, propulsion efficiency, and biomechanical characteristics of wheelchair propulsion in able-bodied men. The training group (n = 10) received a 4-week upper-body resistance training (RT), 70% of 1 repetition maximum, 3 sets of 10 repetitions, 8 exercise stations, 2 times per week, combined with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) 2 times per week. High-intensity interval training consisted of arm-crank exercise, 7 intervals of 2 minutes at 80–90% of peak heart rate (HRpeak) with 2-minute active rest at 50–60% of HRpeak. The control group (n = 10) received no training. Both groups performed a preincremental and postincremental handcycling test until volitional exhaustion to evaluate fitness and a 4-minute submaximal wheelchair propulsion test at comfortable speed (CS), 125 and 145% of CS, to evaluate gross mechanical efficiency (GE), fraction of effective force (FEF), percentage of peak oxygen consumption (% V̇o
2peak), and propulsion characteristics. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed (p < 0.05). Training resulted in a 28.2 ± 16.5% increase in peak power output, 13.3 ± 7.5% increase in V̇o
2peak, 5.6 ± 0.9% increase in HRpeak, and 3.8 ± 1.5% decrease in HRrest. No training effects on FEF, GE, % V̇o
2peak, and push characteristics were identified. In conclusion, the combined RT and arm-cranking HIIT improved fitness. However, it seems that this training did not result in improvements in propulsion efficiency and push characteristics. Additional wheelchair skill training may be needed to fully benefit from this advantage in daily life propulsion.
Integration into a PhD Program: An Arts-Based Research Approach to Examine the Experiences of Doctoral Students
Authors: Yılmazlı Trout İnci
Published: July 2018

[full article in English]

This article explores the experiences of twelve doctoral students during their processes of integrating into a doctoral program. In this qualitative study, by using a participatory, arts-based research design, twelve participants were asked to create collages and write narratives depicting their collages representative of their integration experiences. The research question this study addressed is the following: how have the students experienced integrating into their doctoral program? The gathered data revealed that academic and social factors play important roles in shaping and impacting the doctoral journey of a student.
Konfliktų universitete sprendimas taikant mediaciją: pamokos Lietuvai
Authors: Čiuladienė Gražina , Lasinskas Dainius
Published: July 2018

[straipsnis lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba]

Mediacija universitete yra svarbi ir aktuali tema, nes su konfliktais susiduria visos aukštosios mokyklos bendruomenės grupės. Tinkamai nesprendžiami konfliktai universitete gali pridaryti daug žalos – eikvojami finansiniai ištekliai ir konflikto šalių laikas, žala padaroma universiteto reputacijai, bendruomenės narių moralei. Straipsnio tikslas – išnagrinėti mediacijos taikymo universitete teorines ir praktines prielaidas. Straipsnyje apibūdinama mediacijos paskirtis universitete; apžvelgiama mediacijos vykdymo 15-oje Didžiosios Britanijos universitetų patirtis; nagrinėjamos teisinės prielaidos taikyti mediaciją Lietuvos aukštosiose mokyklose.
Complexity, Contradiction, and Carnival: Microethnographic Research on Student Disruption in a High School English Language Arts Classroom
Authors: Seymour Matt
Published: July 2018

[full article in English] 

When teaching, many educators must respond to unruly and disruptive students. While most scholarship on student disruption focuses on classroom management strategies and tactics, few studies consider the nature of the disruption, its ideological significance and the social consequences that follows. Via ethnographic methods and microethnographic discourse analysis, this paper examines the complexity and contradictions of macro- and microstructures as they manifest during a student’s disruption of a classroom discussion of a novel in an 11th and 12th grade English Language Arts class in the United States. Using Bakhtin’s notion of carnival as a theoretical framework, this paper examines the pattern of disruption in the classroom that evoked multiple and contradictory ideologies and both maintained and subverted power structures in the context. Contrary to the belief that classroom disruptions are always challenges to power, they sometimes reinforced power relations on a broader cultural level. This paper urges that research and scholarship embrace complexity and contradiction as inherent in the interactions of people in schools and seeks to rethink how educators view and respond to classroom disruption. It concludes by advocating that embracing complexity and contradiction will better allow teachers and researchers to think through systems of education as a way to effectively and ethically intervene when these structures prove problematic.
Lytiškumo ugdymas: esamos ir galimos tapatybės. Nuo postmodernizmo posthumanizmo link
Authors: Giniotaitė Akvilė
Published: July 2018

[straipsnis lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba]

Tapatumo galimumų spektras lytiškumo atžvilgiu yra kur kas platesnis nei normatyvioje visuomenėje at(pri)pažįstama. Dažnai savąjį lytiškumą perimame iš jau siūlomų jo formų, nes šio nekvestionuojame. Lytis, kaip tapatybės dėmuo, neapmąstoma ir normatyvinama. Posthumanizmasdiskutuoja apie kiekvieno subjekto skirtingumą ir singuliarumą ir tai, kad asmuo labiau nei kada nors yra susietas su globaliais procesais, individas nebegali būti atsietas nuo viso globalaus vyksmo. Lietuvoje lytiškumas iš tapatumo perspektyvos akademiniame diskurse bemaž nenagrinėtas,o posthumanizmo prieiga, kuri nagrinėja naujausią globalaus pasaulio vyksmą, taip pat beveik nesitelkta.
Edukologija: sugebėti tiesti tiltus (Interviu su profesore Vilija Targamadze)
Authors: Gervytė Danguolė
Published: July 2018

[straipsnis lietuvių kalba]

Profesorė Vilija Targamadzė ne visiems patogus žmogus. Ji nebijo viešumos, kritikos, opozicijos. Bet tai vardan to, kad būtų daugiau dialogo, diskusijų, būtų bendrai generuojamos idėjos. Kad mokslininkai mokėtų tiesti tiltus tarp pasaulinių patirčių ir Lietuvos specifiškumo, poreikių, ateities.
Muzikos konceptualizavimas erdvės ir judėjimo metaforomis
Authors: Mikalonytė Elzė Sigutė , Dranseika Vilius
Published: July 2018

Siekiant geriau suprasti ryšius, siejančius muzikos garsų savybes su erdvės ir judėjimo metaforomis, kurios yra įprastai pasitelkiamos kalbant apie muziką, atlikti du tyrimai. Pirmo tyrimo metu aiškintasi, kaip muzikai priskiriamos sinestetinio pobūdžio konceptualiosios metaforos, antro tyrimo metu – kaip priskiriamos sąvokos, išvedamos iš įprasto klausos suvokimo. Rezultatai rodo, kad sąvokų priskyrimas muzikos fragmentams pasižymi tam tikru sistemiškumu, tačiau jis nėra tiek specifiškas, kad vienai garso savybei būtų taikoma tik viena sąvoka, o vienai sąvokai – tik viena garso savybė. Taip pat nebuvo aptikta esminių skirtumų tarp to, kaip sąvokas muzikai priskiria muzikinį išsilavinimą turintys ir jo neturintys tyrimo dalyviai.
Temperature Dependence of the Bulk Elasticity Modulus of Aliphatic Alcohols and Their Fluorinated Analogs
Authors: Hetalo A. M. , Rudenko O. P. , Khorolskyi O. V. , Samoilenko S. O. , Bulavin L. A.
Published: July 2018

The density of some fluorinated and non-fluorinated normal monoatomic alcohols and the sound propagation velocity in them have been studied experimentally in a temperature interval of 293–363 K. The bulk modulus of elasticity is calculated, and its relation with the intermolecular interaction energy is analyzed. The energy of intermolecular interaction in fluorinated alcohols is shown to be lower than in their non-fluorinated analogs. The substitution of hydrogen atoms by fluorine ones in the molecules of aliphatic alcohols increases the equilibrium distance between the molecules.
Physical Nature of Relaxation Time in Aqueous Alcoholic Solutions
Authors: Stula Yu. M.
Published: July 2018

The kinetics of relaxation processes in aqueous alcoholic solutions has been studied. A modelfor the nonequilibrium state of those solutions is proposed, in which the slowest relaxationprocess is associated with the destruction of new phase nuclei. The process of their destructionis described in the framework of both the Lagrangian formalism with low dissipation and thenucleation theory. The self-diffusion coefficients of molecules from the nucleus surface arecalculated and used to estimate the lifetime of nuclei and its dependence on the nucleus size. Arelation between the diffusion coefficient of nuclei in the nucleus-size space and the coefficientof molecular self-diffusion from the nucleus surface is found. A comparison with availableexperimental data is made.
Effective Radii of Macromolecules in Dilute Polyvinyl Alcohol Solutions
Authors: Khorolskyi O. V.
Published: July 2018

The temperature and concentration dependences of the effective radii of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) macromolecules have been studied on the basis of experimental data on the viscosity of dilute PVA solutions in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water, as well as using the Malomuzh–Orlov theory of shear viscosity in polymer solutions. The temperature dependences of the effective radii of PVA macromolecules in DMSO are shown to be linear in the temperature interval 293÷353 K. At the same time, those dependences are more complicated for aqueous PVA solutions. Namely, the effective radii of macromolecules remain unchanged at relatively low temperatures and PVA concentrations, but they decrease nonlinearly at higher temperatures and concentrations. The concentration dependences of the effective radii of PVA macromolecules in both solvents are found to decrease nonlinearly in the concentration interval 0.3–3 wt.%.
Autoavaliação de médicos sobre sua formação em Medicina do Adolescente
Authors: Andrade Joana Verdelho , Rocha Ana Manuela , Santos Maria Inês , Campos Joana , Santos Elisabete , Ferrão Alzira
Published: July 2018

AIMS: To characterize the way in which general and family physicians and pediatricians consider approaching adolescents, identify their qualifications in Adolescent Medicine, ascertain which topics of this specialty these physicians would like to see addressed in future training, and to compare the perceptions of physicians of both specialties with respect to their experience in adolescent health practice.METHODS: Cross-sectional study based on a survey sent by e-mail to 241 physicians in the area of influence of a level II hospital, including specific training interns or experts in Pediatrics and General and Family Medicine from health centers of the municipality of Viseu, Portugal. Chi-square tests or Fisher's exact test were used to test associations between variables, assuming statistical significance when p <0.05.RESULTS: A total of 113 physicians completed the survey, of them 74% female, with a median of 12 years of practice (interquartile range 5-30, minimum 2 years, maximum 38 years). The pediatrics group had more training in Adolescent Medicine (57%) than the general and family medicine group (25%) (p=0.007). More physicians with specific training in Adolescent Medicine considered themselves prepared for the adolescent interview (51%, vs. 28% of those who did not have specific training, p=0.03). Family and general practitioners guided adolescents more about substance use, contraception, and sexually transmitted diseases, while pediatrics doctors identified more adolescents with depression. Most physicians rated themselves as having insufficient knowledge in Adolescent Medicine, with insufficient training being the most frequently referred barrier. Fifty-seven percent of pediatrics doctors, 78% of general practitioners and 84% of those with no specific training in Adolescent Medicine, considering the two specialties, would like to deepen their knowledge in this area.CONCLUSIONS: This study allowed identifying which areas of knowledge on Adolescent Medicine are deficient in the training of pediatricians and general practitioners. Most physicians, especially those with no training in Adolescent Medicine, showed interest in filling this gap.
Fatores relacionados à autopercepção do estado de saúde em idosos residentes no meio rural do Brasil
Authors: De Macedo Eleia , Ulrich Vivian , Bós Antonio Miguel Gonçalves , Bós Ângelo José Gonçalves
Published: July 2018

AIMS: To compare the self-perception of health status between rural and urban elderly and their possible associated factors.METHODS: The study consisted of a secondary analysis of data from the National Health Survey of 2013, conducted by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics, which included elderly who lived in rural and urban environments. The dependent variable was the self-perception of health status (evaluated as very good, good, fair, bad and very bad); and the independent variables were socio-demographic factors, clinical data, functionality of the elderly and household data. Relationships between the variables were tested by the chi-square test, and adjusted by self-perception of health status. The analysis were performed through the Epi InfoTM program version 7.2.1, accepting p<0.05 as significant.RESULTS: Rural elderly people were predominantly males, brown, married, illiterate and gainfully employed, despite having a low economic class. Among the rural elderly, self-perceived health status was more often regular or poor, the household was more often enrolled in the Family Health Strategy and most had no complementary health plan. Rural elderly also had better performance in the Basic Activities of Daily Living and worse performance in the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, had less depressive symptoms and less multimorbidity. Rural elderly presented lower chances of self-perception of good or very good health, even adjusting for gender, race, marital status, occupation, socioeconomic class, coverage by the Family Health Strategy, depressive symptoms, multimorbidity, and performance in the Basic Activities of Daily Living.CONCLUSIONS: The rural elderly have worse self-perception of health status than the urban elderly, even controlling socio-demographic, economic, clinical and health access characteristics.
A instância enunciativa na leitura: a relação “eu-tu” pela palavra do presidente
Authors: Pierozan Samanta Kelly Menoncin
Published: July 2018

O propósito deste artigo é analisar e refletir sobre a relação “eu-tu” percebida num texto de contexto organizacional – a palavra do presidente de uma indústria moveleira para os seus colaboradores, apresentada no manual de integração da empresa –, a fim de que se possa verificar em que medida se dá a constituição de sentido nas instâncias enunciativas, em especial na leitura. Para isso, toma-se como principal aporte teórico a teoria enunciativa benvenistiana. A análise mostra que à instância do discurso, enunciativa, subjaz questões de cunho político-ideológico e de relação hierárquica, que, por sua vez, são de ordem cultural e social da organização.
Considerações acerca do Prefácio de Ducrot na obra O Intervalo Semântico, de Vogt
Authors: Machado Samuel Henrique , Lebler Cristiane Dall' Cortivo
Published: July 2018

O objetivo central deste estudo é analisar as conjecturas e teorizações de Oswald Ducrot em seu Prefácio à obra O Intervalo Semântico, de Carlos Vogt. O propósito inicial é reconstituir as inferências de Ducrot, que passam pelo diálogo Sofista, de Platão, as quais o autor emprega– sobretudo no que ele revela acerca do gênero outro – na elucidação do intervalo semântico de que fala Vogt. Por fim, propõe-se levantar uma questão (e, ao mesmo tempo, a pertinência dessa questão) sobre a natureza do enunciado, de seu valor argumentativo, segundo Ducrot, sobretudo em relação à suposta semelhança que guarda com a natureza discursiva própria dos sofistas.
A Teoria da Argumentação na Língua no ensino de compreensão leitora: uma possibilidade de transposição didática
Authors: Falkenbach Luciana Idiarte Soares , De Azevedo Tânia Maris
Published: July 2018

Este estudo teve como principal objetivo a elaboração de uma proposta de transposição didática de alguns conceitos da Teoria da Argumentação na Língua, de Oswald Ducrot, Jean-Claude Anscombre e Marion Carel, com vistas a fornecer subsídios para que estudantes do Ensino Superior aperfeiçoem o desenvolvimento das habilidades de compreensão leitora dos articuladores mas e embora. Partimos da hipótese de que um número significante de universitários ainda precisa aprimorar suas habilidades linguístico-discursivas, para serem proficientes no uso do código escrito, suporte no alcance de seus objetivos de vida. A linguística saussuriana e a Teoria da Argumentação na Língua forneceram subsídios para a descrição semântica dos articuladores mas e embora. Os estudos sobre transposição didática, de Chevallard e Álvarez, foram redimensionados para a proposta de transformação didática, elaborada por Azevedo, visto que a aprendizagem de uma língua pressupõe o desenvolvimento de habilidades e não a formação de conceitos. Acreditamos que a partir desta proposta, novos direcionamentos metodológicos poderão ser pensados em relação ao desenvolvimento das habilidades pressupostas pela compreensão em leitura em diferentes níveis de ensino.
A constituição de sentido no discurso publicitário sob a perspectiva da semântica argumentativa
Authors: Ely Leyla , Bez Alessandra Da Silveira , Stübe Angela Derlise
Published: July 2018

Este artigo analisa a constituição de sentido no gênero publicitário, discutindo-o por meio da Semântica Argumentativa. Para isso, verificamos diferentes textos publicitários de épocas distintas à luz da Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos. A seleção do material se deu pelo critério de trabalhar com anúncios dos anos 1960 e 2012/13. As publicidades foram retiradas da internet, com o propósito de relacionar, e discutir, linguisticamente, pares de anúncios publicitários de produtos como cigarro, bebida alcoólica e automóvel. Também averiguamos a importância da imagem nos anúncios, discutindo seu valor a partir da leitura de Toldo (2002) sobre a semiótica de Peirce (2000). Já, Carel e Ducrot (2005) fundamentam a teoria central deste trabalho. Os resultados apontam que apesar da equivalência na seleção dos produtos, o significado obtido pelas relações linguísticas constitutivas dos enunciados não são os mesmos, isso porque a especificidade e o propósito de cada publicidade são diferentes. Além disso, conforme os pressupostos teóricos utilizados, a imagem se demonstrou complementar ao discurso verbal, pois o sentido do anúncio é indicado pelo linguístico.
A igualdade em paradoxo: uma abordagem enunciativa
Authors: Dias Luiz Francisco , Souza Thalita Nogueira de
Published: July 2018

Este estudo realiza uma análise semântica do termo igualdade. Utilizou-se como fundamento a teoria da enunciação de linha francesa, desenvolvida no Brasil por Guimarães (1995; 2002). A análise tomou como objeto textos jurídicos produzidos por ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal, nos quais aparecem os usos da palavra igualdade. Os resultados da análise indicam que a significação dessa palavra não está fundamentada na relação “A igual a B”. Esse novo sentido está fundamentado na relação “A deve ser igual a B”. Assim, os ministros justificam a decisão de adotar cotas raciais nos processos de seleção para as universidades, no intuito de transformar em realidade esse novo conceito.
Axiomatic Characterization of Game-Theoretic Centrality
Authors: Skibski Oskar , Michalak Tomasz P. , Rahwan Talal
Published: July 2018

One of the fundamental research challenges in network science is centrality analysis, i.e., identifying the nodes that play the most important roles in the network. In this article, we focus on the game-theoretic approach to centrality analysis. While various centrality indices have been recently proposed based on this approach, it is still unknown how general is the game-theoretic approach to centrality and what distinguishes some game-theoretic centralities from others. In this article, we attempt to answer this question by providing the first axiomatic characterization of game-theoretic centralities. Specifically, we show that every possible centrality measure can be obtained following the game-theoretic approach. Furthermore, we study three natural classes of game-theoretic centrality, and prove that they can be characterized by certain intuitive properties pertaining to the well-known notion of Fairness due to Myerson.
Resource-bounded Norm Monitoring In Multi-agent Systems
Authors: Criado Natalia
Published: July 2018

Norms allow system designers to specify the desired behaviour of a sociotechnical system. In this way, norms regulate what the social and technical agents in a sociotechnical system should (not) do. In this context, a vitally important question is the development of mechanisms for monitoring whether these agents comply with norms. Proposals on norm monitoring often assume that monitoring has no costs and/or that monitors have unlimited resources to observe the environment and the actions performed by agents. In this paper, we challenge this assumption and propose the first practical resource-bounded norm monitor. Our monitor is capable of selecting the resources to be deployed and use them to check norm compliance with incomplete information about the actions performed and the state of the world. We formally demonstrate the correctness and soundness of our norm monitor and study its complexity. We also demonstrate in randomised simulations and benchmark experiments that our monitor can select monitored resources effectively and efficiently, detecting more norm violations and fulfilments than other tractable optimization approaches and obtaining slightly worse results than intractable optimal approaches.
Viewpoint: Artificial Intelligence Government (Gov. 3.0): The UAE Leading Model
Authors: Halaweh Mohanad
Published: July 2018

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is the first country in the world to appoint a State Minister for Artificial Intelligence (AI). The UAE is embracing AI in society at the governmental level, which is leading to a new generations of digital government (which we are labeling Gov. 3.0). This paper argues that the decision to embrace AI will lead to positive impacts on society, including businesses, organizations and individuals, as well as on the AI industry itself. This paper discusses the societal impacts of AI at a macro (country-wide) level.

This article is part of the special track on AI and Society.
From Taylor's Rule to Bernanke's Temporary Price Level Targeting
Authors: Hebden James , López-Salido J. David
Published: July 2018

Bernanke&amp;#x27;s strategies for integrating forward guidance into conventional instrument rules anticipate that effective lower bound (ELB) episodes may become part a regular occurrence and that monetary policy should recognize this likelihood (Bernanke (2017a); Bernanke (2017b)). Bernanke&amp;#x27;s first proposal is a form of flexible temporary price level targeting (TPLT), in which a lower-for-longer policy path is prescribed through a shadow rate. This shadow rate accounts for cumulative shortfalls in inflation and output relative to exogenous trends, and the policy rate is kept at the ELB until the joint shortfall is made up. Bernanke&amp;#x27;s second proposal adds only the cumulative inflation shortfall since the beginning of an ELB episode directly to an otherwise standard Taylor rule. This cumulative shortfall in inflation from the 2 percent objective can be restated in terms of deviations of the price level from a price level target that increases at 2 percent annually. We evaluate the performance of these strategies, which we call Bernanke&amp;#x27;s TPLT rules, using a small version of the FRB/US model. We then optimize these rules, computing efficient policy frontiers that trace out the best (minimum) obtainable combinations of output and inflation volatility given the effective lower bound constraint on the policy rate. The results suggest that Bernanke&amp;#x27;s rules give better macroeconomic outcomes than most of the other rules considered in the literature (including Taylor (1993) and Taylor (1999)) by stabilizing inflation and unemployment during severe recessions. Under these TPLT strategies, when the policy rate is made more responsive to shortfalls in inflation, the the likelihood of below-target inflation occurring alongside high unemployment rates decreases. However, the probability of an overheated economy, with temporarily above-target inflation and low unemployment rate, increases.
Preventing Controversial Catastrophes
Authors: Baker Steven D. , Hollifield Burton , Osambela Emilio
Published: July 2018

In a market-based democracy, we model different constituencies that disagree regarding the likelihood of economic disasters. Costly public policy initiatives to reduce or eliminate disasters are assessed relative to private alternatives presented by financial markets. Demand for such public policies falls as much as 40% with disagreement, and crowding out by private insurance drives most of the reduction. As support for disaster-reducing policy jumps in periods of disasters, costly policies may be adopted only after disasters occur. In some scenarios constituencies may even demand policies oriented to increase disaster risk if these policies introduce speculative opportunities.
Apró közlemények
Authors: Ferenczi Balázs , Nagy József , Lisztes-Szabó Zsuzsa
Published: July 2018

1. Thelypteris palustris Schott a Börzsöny hegységben

2. Potenciális neofitonok a kivadulás küszöbén a debreceni Tócó patak mentén
A ruházat szerepe az ember általi magterjesztésben
Authors: Lukács Katalin , Valkó Orsolya
Published: July 2018

A növények terjedésében egyre nagyobb szerepet játszik az ember. Emberi segítséggel olyan távolságokra is képesek eljutni a magvak, ami másképp nem volna lehetséges. A legfontosabb ember általi terjesztés típusok: a ruha, a cipő és a járművek közvetítésével történő terjedés. Ezen típusok hatása sok esetben együttesen is érvényesülhet. A ruházattal történő terjesztés során a diaspórák a ruházatra tapadnak, viszont ez főként akkor valósulhat meg, ha a magok vagy a növény egyéb részei rendelkeznek a tapadáshoz szükséges morfológiai jellegekkel (pl. horgok, szőrök, pappuszok) és a ruházat anyaga is lehetővé teszi a tapadást (pamut/nylon, vászon/pamut). Ebből kifolyólag az ember is képes lehet az állatokhoz hasonlóan magokat terjeszteni a tájban. Mindezidáig kevés vizsgálatot végeztek ebben a témakörben, ezért tanulmányunkban összegyűjtöttük azokat a kutatásokat, amelyek az emberi ruházaton történő magterjedéssel foglalkoztak. Összesen tizenkét kísérletes és terepi kutatást találtunk, melyek módszereit és eredményeit részletesen megvizsgáltuk. Az eddigi vizsgálatok alapján összesen 449 faj esetében mutatták ki a ruházaton való terjedés képességét, ezek közül 262 Magyarországon is előfordul. A magok átlagos terjedési távolsága 150 és 5000 m közötti volt, de a távolság jelentősen nőhet, ha a terjesztés során közlekedési eszközt is használunk. Az eredmények alapján a ruházattal többnyire a gyom- és inváziós növények propagulumai terjednek (az összes faj 87%-a, a Magyarországon is előforduló fajok 26%-a), amelyek súlyos károkat okoznak világszerte. Erre a problémára megoldás lehetne, ha a kiemelten értékes természetvédelmi területek látogatásakor az emberek odafigyelnének a kiválasztott ruházat típusára, ugyanis a vízlepergető lábszárvédők használata lényegesen csökkenteni tudja a magok tapadását és megelőzné a természetvédelmi szempontból nem kívánatos fajok terjesztését. További kutatásokra van szükség, hogy megoldásokat találjunk ezekre a problémákra, különösen azokban a régiókban, ahol korlátozott a kutatások száma ebben a témakörben, mint Európa, Dél-Amerika, Ázsia és Afrika.
Pótlások Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlaszához VI.
Authors: Molnár Csaba , Haszonits Győző , Malatinszky Ákos , Süveges Kristóf , Balogh Lajos , Nagy Timea , Horváth Soma , Hudák Katalin
Published: July 2018

Jelen közleményünk annak a sorozatnak a hatodik része, melynek célja a Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlasza térképeinek kiegészítése, főként aktuális előfordulási adatokkal. Ezúttal 389 edényes taxon előfordulási adatait közöljük az ország szinte egész területéről (mintegy 117 flóratérképezési kvadrátból), de legnagyobb számban az Északi-középhegységből, Szolnok környékéről és Nyugat-Magyarországról. Az adatok között ritkább őshonos taxonok (pl. Equisetum fluviatile, Galium rivale, Gladiolus imbricatus, Hypericum maculatum, Persicaria bistorta, Potentilla inclinata, Ranunculus lingua, Rhinanthus rumelicus, Trifolium fragiferum subsp. bonannii, Viola pumila), ritka, vagy legalábbis adathiányos idegenhonos fajok (pl. Amaranthus blitum subsp. blitum, Cymbalaria muralis, Elymus elongatus, Euphorbia peplus, Heracleum sosnowskyi, Impatiens balfourii, Lepidium densiflorum, Rhus typhina, Telekia speciosa) mellett országosan elterjedt, de többé-kevésbé alulreprezentált fajok (pl. Carex otrubae, Chenopodium polyspermum, Crepis tectorum, Filipendula vulgaris, Petrorhagia prolifera, Poa palustris) esetében is közöljük az Atlasz térképeihez képest újnak bizonyuló lelőhelyeket. A legközönségesebb fajok esetében a lelőhelyek részletezése nélkül csupán KEF-kódokat adunk meg.
SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF TRI VALENT INACTIVATED SPLIT VIRION INFLUENZA VACCINE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID DISORD ERS
Authors: Bukhanova D. V. , Belov В. S. , Tarasova G. M. , Erdes Sh. F. , Dubinina T. V. , Lukina G. V. , Cherkasova M. V. , Diatroptov M. E.
Published: July 2018

Objective: to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of vaccination with trivalent split virion influenza vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), estimate the effect of vaccination on rheumatoid disorder (RD) activity and influenza and influenzalike illnesses morbidity.

Materials and methods. The study included 86 patients (58 females and 28 males aged 22–82 years) with RDs (52 patients with RA and 34 patients with AS), as well as 40 subjects without RD (control group). At the time of study inclusion, all patients were receiving drug therapy. Duration of RD varied from 2 months to 46 years. The Vaxigrip vaccine containing the currents trains of the flu virus for 2016–2017 season or 2017–2018 season was administered subcutaneously as 1 dose (0.5 ml) with continuing antirheumatic therapy. The main control stages were visits 1, 3, and 6 months after vaccination. During the visits, standard clinical and labtests, clinical examination with disease activity evaluation were performed.

Results. In 98 patients, vaccination tolerability was high, no post vaccination reactions were observed. In 20 cases, pain, swelling, and hyperemia of the skin 2 cm in diameter at the point of vaccination were observed; in 8 cases, low-grade fever, myalgia, discomfort, headache were observed. No RD flares or development of new autoimmune disorders were diagnosed during the follow-up period. No cases of influenza or influenza-like illnesses were registered during the follow-up period.

Conclusion. The obtained data demonstrate high tolerability, clinical effectiveness of trivalent split virion influenza vaccine in patients with RA and AS.
IMMUNOTHERAPY BASED ON DENDRITIC CELLS IN BLADDER CANCER TREATMENT
Authors: Ilnitskaya A. S. , Danilova A. B. , Baldueva I. A.
Published: July 2018

The development of an antitumor vaccine based on autologous dendritic cells (DCs) for bladder cancer treatment is extremely relevant today due to the proven high immunological potency of this type of tumor. Vaccination with DCs-based drugs as a monotherapy or in combination with other methods of treatment has shown to be effective in cancer therapy. The vaccine administration is considered to be safe, the associated side effects are insignificant and can be characterized as undesirable phenomena of 1st or 2nd degree. There are a number of issues that arise while creating DCs vaccines that need to be carefully resolved. Among them, the problem of selecting potential targets for the vaccine treatment, the ways to enhance the potency of the vaccine, and the selection of technology for obtaining a sufficient number of functional DCs should be specifically mentioned. The review focuses on the use of autoantigen or alloantibody material for the activation of DCs, and the results of experimental and clinical studies of DCs vaccines in bladder cancer.
EXPRESSION OF CANCER-TESTIS GENES PRAME, NY-ESO1, GAGE1, MAGE A3, MAGE A6, MAGE A12, SSX1, SLLP1, PASD1 IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA, THEIR INFLUENCE ON OVERALL SURVIVAL AND RELAPSE RATE
Authors: Solodovnik A. A. , Mkrtchyan H. S. , Misyurin V. A. , Tikhonova V. V. , Finashutina Yu. P. , Kasatkina N. N. , Solopova O. N. , Votyakova O. M. , Yakimovich O. Yu. , Volodina O. M. , Kichigina M. Yu. , Medvedovskaya E. G. , Antipova A. S. , Zavodnova I. Z. , Semenova A. A. , Arakelyan G. R. , Ryabukhina Yu. E. , Kolomeytsev O. A. , Shirin A. D. , Osmanov E. A. , Misyurin A. V.
Published: July 2018

Objective:to study the prognostic significance of the expression of cancer-testis (CT) genes PRAME, NY-ESO1, GAGE1, MAGE A3, MAGE A6, MAGE A12, SSX1, SLLP1, PASD1 in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and their influence on overall survival and relapse rate. To determine their effect on suсh clinical parameters as levels of lactate dehydrogenase, leucocytes, hemoglobin, calcium, albumen, creatinine, beta-2-microglobulin.

Materials and methods.Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed on complementary DNA obtained from bone marrow of 77 patients with MM. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software package. To estimate prognostic values of the CT gene expression data were analyzed by the Kaplan – Meier method.

Results.The study was conducted to determine the level of expression of CT genes PRAME, NY-ESO1, GAGE1, MAGE A3, MAGE A6, MAGE A12, SSX1, SLLP1, PASD1 in a group of patients with MM. The group included primary and receiving cancer treatment in MM patients. According to the log-rank criterion expression of any of the CT genes PRAME, NY-ESO1, GAGE1, MAGE A3, MAGE A6, MAGE A12, SSX1, SLLP1, PASD1 exerts a significant influence on overall survival and progression-free survival/relapse. It was also determined that providing expression of some CT genes, the levels of creatinine, calcium, beta-2-microglobulin were much higher to compare with patients without expression.
BATTALGAZİ VE GELENEKSEL EVLERİNİN ANALİZİ
Authors: Baran Mine , Aykal Fatma Demet , Kocaman Meltem
Published: July 2018

Bazı
yerleşimler, doğa, tarih ve kültürel özellikleri ile özgün bir doku oluşturur. Battalgazi,
bu çeşitlemeleri ile yerel özelliğini koruyan, Malatya iline bağlı bir
yerleşimdir. İçinde Battal Gazi gibi kahramanların yaşadığı ve üzerine ünlü
destanların yazıldığı, buna rağmen mütevazılığını koruyan bir örnektir.

Malatya,
tarih boyunca farklı medeniyetlere, yaşam kültürlerine ev sahipliği yapmıştır.
Bu farklılıklar çevre yerleşimlerde de oldukça açık bir biçimde
okunabilmektedir. Battalgazi, doğunun ve batının geçiş kapısı, önemli bir
yerleşim merkezi ve kayısının cenneti olan Malatya’nın en eski yerleşimlerinden
biridir.

Araştırmada,
tarih ve tarım kenti olan Malatya İl'inin ilk yerleşim yerlerinden olan
Battalgazi ilçesi, geleneksel konut yapısı, bulunduğu yerleşim özellikleri
bağlamında incelenmiş ve özgün dokusunu çok kaybetmeyen Toptaş ve Karahan
Mahallelerinde yer alan konutlar içinde 10 ev üzerinde örneklem yapılmıştır.
Yapılan analizler ile Battalgazi bölgesi tarihi geleneksel konutlarını
oluşturan koşullar ve karakteristik özellikler tespit edilip aynı zamanda yaşam
tarzlarının bu evlerin oluşumuna yansımaları araştırılmıştır.
O NÃO-LUGAR DE PESSOAS TRANS NO CURRÍCULO DA DISCIPLINA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA EM ESCOLAS DE BELÉM DO PARÁ
Authors: Barroso Lucas Bernardo , Cardoso Wladirson Ronny da Silva
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo investiga a influência da educação, especificamente a Educação Física com pessoas transexuais de Belém do Pará. Tem como objetivo descrever as contribuições positivas, negativas ou indiferentes da educação e da Educação Física, perante á vida social de pessoas transexuais. Caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de teor qualitativo, utilizando de pesquisa de campo junto com entrevistas semiestruturadas com pessoas transexuais que já concluíram o ensino básico. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados demonstraram que a educação básica e a Educação Física, em sua maioria, ainda se caracterizam como ambientes segregadores e de grande impacto para estas pessoas, tendo como conclusão do entrevistador e dos interlocutores que a melhor forma para se desenvolver os conteúdos seria por meio de aulas mistas, com estudo mais aberto quanto a gênero e sexualidade.
The effect of vitamin D on women’s reproductive health
Authors: Bakleicheva Margarita O. , Kovaleva Irina V. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: July 2018

Background. According to WHO data (2014), more than two billion people are deficient in microelements or have a “hidden hunger” due to the deficiencies of vitamins and minerals. Currently, experts estimate the vitamin D deficiency as a new type of pandemic of the XXI century.

Aim. The current analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on women’s reproductive health.

Materials and Methods. Based on the findings of retrospective and prospective studies, meta-analyzes, and material trials over the past 20 years, as well as in accordance with the results of 290 prospective cohort randomized trials, the level of vitamin D affects 172 basic physiological indicators associated with the risk of such complications of pregnancy as miscarriage, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and bacterial vaginosis.

Results. Vitamin D has been shown to be able to act as an immune regulator during the implantation. The placenta produces and responds to vitamin D, which has a local anti-inflammatory response and simultaneously induces the production of decidual growth factors for successful pregnancy. Activated T- and B-lymphocytes have the vitamin D receptors and therefore 1,25(OH)2D is an effective modulator in the immune system. It is able to inhibit the proliferation of Th1 and to restrict the production of such cytokines as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). In addition, vitamin D is able to induce cytokines of Th2 that have the protective effect on  pregnancy.

Conclusion. Adequate vitamin D intake is important for the successful conception and prolongation of pregnancy, as well as for the health of the fetus and newborn.