bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic and Quantitative Proteomic Profiling Reveals Signaling Pathways Critical for Pancreatic Islet Maturation
Authors: Lien Yu-Chin , Won Kyoung-Jae , Simmons Rebecca A
Published: October 2020

Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and reduced insulin secretion play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Fetal and neonatal islets are functionally immature and have blunted glucose responsiveness and decreased insulin secretion in response to stimuli and are far more proliferative. However, the mechanisms underlying functional immaturity are not well understood. Pancreatic islets are composed of a mixture of different cell types, and the microenvironment of islets and interactions between these cell types are critical for β-cell development and maturation. RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomic data from intact islets isolated from fetal (embryonic day 19) and 2-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were integrated to compare their gene and protein expression profiles. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was also applied to elucidate pathways and upstream regulators modulating functional maturation of islets. By integrating transcriptome and proteomic data, 917 differentially expressed genes/proteins were identified with a false discovery rate of less than 0.05. A total of 411 and 506 of them were upregulated and downregulated in the 2-week-old islets, respectively. IPA revealed novel critical pathways associated with functional maturation of islets, such as AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, as well as the importance of lipid homeostasis/signaling and neuronal function. Furthermore, we also identified many proteins enriched either in fetal or 2-week-old islets related to extracellular matrix and cell communication, suggesting that these pathways play critical roles in islet maturation. Our present study identified novel pathways for mature islet function in addition to confirming previously reported mechanisms, and provided new mechanistic insights for future research on diabetes prevention and treatment.
Preconception Alcohol Exposure Increases the Susceptibility to Diabetes in the Offspring
Authors: Al-Yasari Ali , Jabbar Shaima , Cabrera Miguel A , Rousseau Benedicte , Sarkar Dipak K
Published: October 2020

Heavy alcohol drinking alters glucose metabolism, but the inheritability of this effect of alcohol is not well understood. We used an animal model of preconception alcohol exposure in which adult female rats were given free access to 6.7% alcohol in a liquid diet and water for about 4 weeks, went without alcohol for 3 weeks, and then were bred to generate male and female offspring. Control animals were either ad lib–fed rat chow or pair-fed an isocaloric liquid diet during the time of alcohol-feeding in the experimental animals. Our results show that the female rats fed with alcohol in the liquid diet, but not with the isocaloric liquid diet, prior to conception had an altered stress gene network involving glucose metabolism in oocytes when compared with those in ad lib–fed chow diet controls. The offspring born from preconception alcohol-fed mothers showed significant hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia when they were adults. These rats also showed increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and cellular apoptosis in the pancreas, altered insulin production and actions in the liver, and a reduced number of proopiomelanocortin neurons in the hypothalamus. Replenishment of proopiomelanocortin neurons in these animals normalized the abnormal glucose to restore homeostasis. These data suggest that preconception alcohol exposures alter glucose homeostasis by inducing proopiomelanocortin neuronal functional abnormalities. Our findings provide a novel insight into the impact of high doses of alcohol on the female gamete that may cause inheritance of an increased susceptibility to diabetes.
Amino Acid Sensing in Metabolic Homeostasis and Health
Authors: Hu Xiaoming , Guo Feifan
Published: October 2020

Sensing and responding to changes in nutrient levels, including those of glucose, lipids, and amino acids, by the body is necessary for survival. Accordingly, perturbations in nutrient sensing are tightly linked with human pathologies, particularly metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and other complications of metabolic syndromes. The conventional view is that amino acids are fundamental elements for protein and peptide synthesis, while recent studies have revealed that amino acids are also important bioactive molecules that play key roles in signaling pathways and metabolic regulation. Different pathways that sense intracellular and extracellular levels of amino acids are integrated and coordinated at the organismal level, and, together, these pathways maintain whole metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the studies describing how important sensing signals respond to amino acid availability and how these sensing mechanisms modulate metabolic processes, including energy, glucose, and lipid metabolism. We further discuss whether dysregulation of amino acid sensing signals can be targeted to promote metabolic disorders, and discuss how to translate these mechanisms to treat human diseases. This review will help to enhance our overall understanding of the correlation between amino acid sensing and metabolic homeostasis, which have important implications for human health.
Low-Volume Local Anesthetics for C5 and Supraclavicular Nerve Blocks for Mid and Lateral Clavicle Surgery: A Case Series
Authors: Diwan Sandeep , Nair Abhijit , Sermeus Luc A. , Patil Atul A. , Attarde Dheeraj Somnath
Published: October 2020

After institutional ethics committee approval and informed consent, 20 patients with clavicle fractures were recruited. An ultrasound-guided C5 root block was performed by injecting 3 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine with a subsequent ultrasound-guided supraclavicular nerve (SCN) block with 3 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine. A combination of low-volume C5 root block and SCN block provided reliable awake anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in patients with fractured clavicles. This technique can avoid a general anesthesia for fractures of the mid and lateral clavicle. Further studies should focus on the optimal volume of local anesthetics required for the success of this technique.
Crystal Structures and Physical Properties of Charge-Ordered Organic Conductor β-(MTDT-TTP)2BF4
Authors: Wada Tomoya , Nikaido Shun , Yoshino Harukazu , Yamada Jun-ichi , Kodama Takeshi , Kikuchi Koichi
Published: October 2020

We have prepared a new donor MTDT-TTP (bis(methylthio)dithio-tetrathia-pentalene) and obtained β-(MTDT-TTP)2BF4, which undergoes structural transition by ordering of the bis(methylthio) groups at 190 K. A crystal structure analysis indicated that the BF4 salt is in a charge-ordered (CO) state at room temperature (RT), although it shows a metallic behavior above 260 K. The CO pattern at RT has a four-molecular cycle. The BF4 salt has also the CO state below the transition temperature, but the CO pattern is changed by the structure change.
Editorial
Authors: Esbensen Kim
Published: October 2020

After more than a year, we are delighted to present TOS Forum to you again. One of the important missions of this issue is to provide the latest information on the 10th World Conference on Sampling and Blending (WCSB10). In these times of coronavirus, will the International Pierre Gy Sampling Association be able to continue the format of biennial in-person conferences, or not? IPGSA have made plans both for conducting WCSB10 as planned ever since WCSB9 (Plan A), as well as being prepared for the proverbial Plan B. Presenting the WCSB10 conference in detail, as well as these two options, is the objective of the first feature in this issue.
Greetings from China, WCSB9
Authors: Huachang Li
Published: October 2020

An update on sampling activity and developments in China since WCSB9 in 2019.
Theory and Practice of Particulate Sampling: an Engineering Approach
Authors: Lyman Geoffrey
Published: October 2020

The third of three new textbooks in the field of Theory and Practice of Sampling.
Reporting incidental coronary, aortic valve and cardiac calcification on non-gated thoracic computed tomography, a consensus statement from the BSCI/BSCCT and BSTI
Authors: Williams Michelle Claire , Abbas Ausami , Tirr Erica , Alam Shirjel , Nicol Edward , Shambrook James , Schmitt Matthias , Hughes Gareth Morgan , Stirrup James , Holloway Ben , Gopalan Deepa , Deshpande Aparna , Weir-McCall Jonathan , Agrawal Bobby , Rodrigues Jonathan C L , Brady Adrian J B , Roditi Giles , Robinson Graham , Bull Russell
Published: October 2020

Incidental coronary and cardiac calcification are frequent findings on non-gated thoracic CT. We recommend that the heart is reviewed on all CT scans where it is visualised. Coronary artery calcification is a marker of coronary artery disease and it is associated with an adverse prognosis on dedicated cardiac imaging and on non-gated thoracic CT performed for non-cardiac indications, both with and without contrast. We recommend that coronary artery calcification is reported on all non-gated thoracic CT using a simple patient-based score (none, mild, moderate, severe). Furthermore, we recommend that reports include recommendations for subsequent management, namely the assessment of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and, if the patient has chest pain, assessment as per standard guidelines. In most cases, this will not necessitate additional investigations. Incidental aortic valve calcification may also be identified on non-gated thoracic CT and should be reported, along with ancillary findings such as aortic root dilation. Calcification may occur in other parts of the heart including mitral valve/annulus, pericardium and myocardium, but in many cases these are an incidental finding without clinical significance.
Role of Montelukast in Asthma and Allergic rhinitis patients
Authors: Zuberi Faisal Faiyaz , Haroon Muhammad Amir , Haseeb Abdul , Khuhawar Shafi Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate the effect of Montelukast on the symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR), assess its effect on the individual quality of life (QoL), and estimate the proportion of participants having adverse effects.

Methods: This prospective, open-label study conducted at Dow University of Health Sciences, Ankle Saria Hospital and Sindh Government Hospital Liaquatabad, Karachi, from August 2018 to September 2019, included patients aged >18 years with a clinical diagnosis of Asthma, AR, or both. Patients were given a 10 mg Montelukast tablet each day and then called for follow-up in the fourth week, where the questions related to the improvement in the symptoms of asthma or AR were asked. Patients were also asked about the improvement in QoL and any adverse effects.

Results: A total of 694 patients were registered of which 138(19.8%) had AR, 294(42.4%) had asthma, while 273(39.3%) had both. Mean age was 41.1±14.63 years and 352 (50.7%) were male and 342(49.3%) were females. On a follow-up visit, there was a sufficient improvement in 351 asthmatics (63.9%), and 288 patients with AR (70.1%) overall, strong or marked improvement in the day (n=342,62.3%) and night time (n=331,60.3%) asthma symptoms. Overall improvements in QoL were very good or good in 419 patients. Montelukast was well-tolerated here with adverse effects (like abdominal discomfort, fever, fatigue, headache, rash, and upper respiratory tract symptoms) seen in 125 patients (18.01%).

Conclusion: Montelukast was very effective in improving the symptoms and QoL of the individuals suffering from asthma and/or AR.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2657

How to cite this:Zuberi FF, Haroon MA, Haseeb A, Khuhawar SM. Role of Montelukast in Asthma and Allergic rhinitis patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1517-1522. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2657

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Risk-Averse Static Stochastic Knapsack Problem
Authors: Merzifonluoglu Yasemin , Geunes Joseph
Published: October 2020

This research proposes and analyzes new models for a stochastic resource allocation problem that arises in a variety of operations contexts. One of the primary contributions of the paper lies in providing a succinct, robust, and general model that can address a range of different risk-based objectives and cost assumptions under uncertainty. Although the model expression is relatively simple, it embeds a reasonably high degree of underlying complexity, as the analysis shows. In addition, in-depth analysis of the model, both in its general form and under various specific risk measures, uncovers some interesting and powerful insights regarding the problem trade-offs. Furthermore, this analysis leads to a highly efficient class of heuristic algorithms for solving the problem, which we demonstrate via numerical experimentation to provide close-to-optimal solutions. This computational benefit is a critical element for solving a class of broadly applicable larger problems for which our problem arises as a subproblem that requires repeated solution.
Algorithms as Mechanisms: The Price of Anarchy of Relax and Round
Authors: Dütting Paul , Kesselheim Thomas , Tardos Éva
Published: October 2020

Many algorithms that are originally designed without explicitly considering incentive properties are later combined with simple pricing rules and used as mechanisms. A key question is therefore to understand which algorithms, or, more generally, which algorithm design principles, when combined with simple payment rules such as pay your bid, yield mechanisms with a small price of anarchy. Our main result concerns mechanisms that are based on the relax-and-round paradigm. It shows that oblivious rounding schemes approximately preserve price of anarchy guarantees provable via smoothness. By virtue of our smoothness proofs, our price of anarchy bounds extend to Bayes–Nash equilibria and learning outcomes. In fact, they even apply out of equilibrium, requiring only that agents have no regret for deviations to half their value. We demonstrate the broad applicability of our main result by instantiating it for a wide range of optimization problems ranging from sparse packing integer programs, over single-source unsplittable flow problems and combinatorial auctions with fractionally subadditive valuations, to a maximization variant of the traveling salesman problem.
Creating Mutual Gains to Leverage a Racially Diverse Workforce: The Effects of Firm-Level Racial Diversity on Financial and Workforce Outcomes Under the Use of Broad-Based Stock Options
Authors: Han Joo Hun , Shin DuckJung , Castellano William G. , Konrad Alison M. , Kruse Douglas L. , Blasi Joseph R.
Published: October 2020

Despite substantial scholarly attention to workforce demographic diversity, existing research is limited in understanding whether or in what contexts firm-level racial diversity relates to performance and workforce outcomes of the firm. Drawing on social interdependence theory along with insights from social exchange and psychological ownership theories, we propose that the use of broad-based stock options granted to at least half the workforce creates the conditions supporting a positive relationship between workforce racial diversity and firm outcomes. We examine this proposition by analyzing panel data from 155 companies that applied for the “100 Best Companies to Work For” competition with responses from 109,314 employees over the five-year period from 2006 to 2010 (354 company-year observations). Findings revealed that racial diversity was positively related to subsequent firm financial performance and individual affective commitment and was not significantly associated with subsequent voluntary turnover rates, when accompanied by a firm’s adoption of broad-based stock options. However, under the nonuse of broad-based stock options, racial diversity was significantly related to higher voluntary turnover rates and lower employee affective commitment, with no financial performance gains. By documenting the beneficial effects of financial incentives in diverse workplaces, this paper extends theory asserting the value of incentives for performance.
Statistical and health economic analysis plan for a randomized controlled trial of surgical fixation with K-wires versus plaster casting in the treatment of dorsally displaced distal radius fractures: DRAFFT2
Authors: Ooms Alexander Gert , Png May Ee , Cook Jonathan A. , Dritsaki Melina , Dakin Helen A. , Costa Matthew L.
Published: October 2020

Aims

Describe a statistical and economic analysis plan for the Distal Radius Acute Fracture Fixation Trial 2 (DRAFFT2) randomized controlled trial.

Methods

DRAFFT2 is a multicentre, parallel, two-arm randomized controlled trial. It compares surgical fixation with K-wires versus plaster cast in adult patients who have sustained a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius. The primary outcome measure is the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE, a validated assessment of wrist function and pain) at 12 months post-randomization. Secondary outcomes are measured at three, six, and 12 months after randomization and include the PWRE, EuroQoL EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS (visual analogue scale), complication rate, and cost-effectiveness of the treatment.

Results

This paper describes the full details of the planned methods of analysis and descriptive statistics. The DRAFFT2 study protocol has been published previously.

Conclusion

The planned analysis strategy described records our intent to conduct statistical and within-trial cost-utility analyses. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-6:245–252.
Background-free fibre optic Brillouin probe for remote mapping of micromechanics
Authors: Xiang YuChen , Basirun Carin , Chou Joshua , Warkiani Majid E. , Török Peter , Wang Yingying , Gao Shoufei , Kabakova Irina V.
Published: October 2020

Brillouin imaging (BI) has become a valuable tool for micromechanical material characterisation, thanks to extensive progress in instrumentation in the last few decades. This powerful technique is contactless and label-free, thus making it especially suitable for biomedical applications. Nonetheless, to fully harness the non-contact and non-destructive nature of BI, transformational changes in instrumentation are still needed to extend the technology’s utility into the domain of in vivo and in situ operation, which we foresee to be particularly crucial for wide spread usage of BI, e.g. in medical diagnostics and pathology screening. This work addresses this challenge by presenting the first demonstration of a fibre-optic Brillouin probe, capable of mapping the micromechanical properties of a tissue-mimicking phantom. This is achieved through combination of miniaturised optical design, advanced hollow-core fibre fabrication and high-resolution 3D printing. Our prototype probe is compact, background-free and possesses the highest collection efficiency to date, thus providing the foundation of a fibre-based Brillouin device for remote, in situ measurements in challenging and otherwise difficult-to-reach environments in biomedical, material science and industrial applications.
Deep learning-based light scattering microfluidic cytometry for label-free acute lymphocytic leukemia classification
Authors: Sun Jing , Wang Lan , Liu Qiao , Tárnok Attila , Su Xuantao
Published: October 2020

The subtyping of Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is important for proper treatment strategies and prognosis. Conventional methods for manual blood and bone marrow testing are time-consuming and labor-intensive, while recent flow cytometric immunophenotyping has the limitations such as high cost. Here we develop the deep learning-based light scattering imaging flow cytometry for label-free classification of ALL. The single ALL cells confined in three dimensional (3D) hydrodynamically focused stream are excited by light sheet. Our label-free microfluidic cytometry obtains big-data two dimensional (2D) light scattering patterns from single ALL cells of B/T subtypes. A deep learning framework named Inception V3-SIFT (Scale invariant feature transform)-Scattering Net (ISSC-Net) is developed, which can perform high-precision classification of T-ALL and B-ALL cell line cells with an accuracy of 0.993 ± 0.003. Our deep learning-based 2D light scattering flow cytometry is promising for automatic and accurate subtyping of un-stained ALL.
Controlling spatial mode superposition to channel light flow in a photonic crystal
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Wanare Harshawardhan
Published: October 2020

We present robust control of superposition of spatial modes in a photonic crystal cavity arising from incorporating a weak localized perturbation. As expected, this perturbation breaks the symmetry of the underlying photonic crystal structure, resulting in a frequency shift of the cavity eigen modes. Engineering of the perturbation leads us to discover the comprehensive mathematical structure of the governing superposition of the spatial modes. This superposition is further designed to obtain controllable channeling of light through a cavity–waveguide system, thus demonstrating its applicabitily in realizing narrow (wide) band filters, controllable beam splitters, and wavelength multiplexers.
Long-term hybrid stabilization of the carrier-envelope phase
Authors: Hirschman Jack , Lemons Randy , Chansky Evan , Steinmeyer Günter , Carbajo Sergio
Published: October 2020

Controlling the carrier envelope phase (CEP) in mode-locked lasers over practically long timescales is crucial for real-world applications in ultrafast optics and precision metrology. We present a hybrid solution that combines a feed-forward technique to stabilize the phase offset in fast timescales and a feedback technique that addresses slowly varying sources of interference and locking bandwidth limitations associated with gain media with long upper-state lifetimes. We experimentally realize the hybrid stabilization system in an Er:Yb:glass mode-locked laser and demonstrate 75 hours of stabilization with integrated phase noise of 14 mrad (1 Hz to 3 MHz), corresponding to around 11 as of carrier to envelope jitter. Additionally, we examine the impact of environmental factors, such as humidity and pressure, on the long-term stability and performance of the system.
Photonic nanojets with ultralong working distance and narrowed beam waist by immersed engineered dielectric hemisphere
Authors: Liu Xianchao , Zhou Hongxi , Yang Ming , Xie Zheyuan , Han Qi , Gou Jun , Wang Jun
Published: October 2020

Engineered spherical micro-lens can manipulate light at sub-wavelength scale and emerges as a promising candidate to extend the focal length and narrow the focal spot size. Here, we report the generation of photonic nanojets (PNJs) with an ultralong working distance and narrowed beam waist by an immersed engineered hemisphere. Simulations show that a two-layer hemisphere of 4.5 µm radius exhibits a PNJ with the working distance of 9.6 µm, full width at half maximum of 287 nm, and length of 23.37 λ, under illumination of a plane wave with a 365 nm wavelength. A geometrical optics analysis indicated that the formed PNJ behind the immersed two-layer hemisphere results from the convergence of light of the outer-hemisphere fringe area, which refracts into and passes through the outer hemisphere and then directly leaves the outer-hemisphere flat surface. Thus the embedded hemisphere is comparable to an immersed focusing lens with high numerical aperture, which can promise both long working distance and narrowed beam waist. This is further demonstrated with the corresponding embedded-engineered single-layer hemisphere, whose spherical face is partly cut parallel to the hemispherical flat surface. In addition, the hemisphere is compatible with adjacent laser wavelengths. Finally, a spot size smaller than 0.5 λ is demonstrated in the lithography simulation. Due to these hemispheres low cost, they have potential in far-field lithography for pattern arrays with line width less than 0.5 λ.
Giant enhancement of harmonic generation in all-dielectric resonant waveguide gratings of quasi-bound states in the continuum
Authors: Ning Tingyin , Li Xin , Zhao Yan , Yin Luying , Huo Yanyan , Zhao Lina , Yue Qingyang
Published: October 2020

We report the giant enhanced optical harmonic generation in all-dielectric silicon nitride (SiN) based resonant waveguide gratings (RWGs) of quasi-bound states in the continuum (BICs) of ultra-high Q factor and localized field. The BICs are realized by tuning the excitation of the guided modes modulated by geometry parameters of four-part grating layer. At a feasible structure of quasi-BIC for nanofabrication, the SHG and THG are enhanced by 103 and 106, compared with those from the RWGs of traditional two-part grating layer, respectively, and even up to 108 and 1010 compared with those from the planar SiN film, respectively. The resonance wavelength of quasi-BICs can be effectively tuned by the angle of incidence, while almost not affect the enhancement of SHG and THG response. Our results show that the efficiency harmonic generation from all-nonlinear-dielectric RWGs of quasi-BICs has potential applications for the integrated nonlinear photonic devices.
Post-heat treatment effect on the properties of indium doped zinc oxide nanocrystals produced by the sol-gel method
Authors: Seid Endris Taju , Dejene Francis B.
Published: October 2020

Indium-doped zinc oxide (In:ZnO) nanocrystals are successfully produced by a simple refluxed sol-gel technique. The influence of post-heat treatment/ annealing temperatures on the structure, morphology, optical and luminescence properties of nanostructures was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscope (EDS), UV–Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopies (PL). The XRD results revealed that the synthesized In:ZnO materials are nanocrystalline with a predominant hexagonal wurtzite structure. The average crystallite sizes and lattice constants of the In:ZnO nanoparticles increase with an increase in annealing temperature. SEM micrographs confirmed the nanostructure of the material and showed that the morphologies of In:ZnO nanoparticles varied from prism-like to spindle-like and then to disk-like structures. The reflectance band edge shifted towards longer wavelength while the band gap energy decreased with an increase in annealing temperature. In addition, the PL spectra show a sharp UV and broad yellow-orange emissions in the visible range that shifts slightly due to the influence of annealing temperature. The results illustrate that an optimum property of In:ZnO nanomaterial can be produced when the samples are annealed in the temperature range of 500 to 600 °C.
Some ‘R’ points: Repression, repulsion, revelation and redemption in South Korean horror films
Authors: Diffrient David Scott
Published: October 2020

This article examines some of the formal properties, stylistic motifs and thematic preoccupations of classic and contemporary South Korean horror films. As a genre that has enormous box-office appeal and crossover potential for western audiences, horror might seem to be little more than a commercial platform for young filmmakers to exploit popular tastes and cash in on derivative stories offering scant insight into the social conditions faced by modern-day Koreans. However, even the most cliché-ridden, shock-filled slasher films and ghost tales reveal the often-contradictory cultural attitudes of a populace that, over the past three generations, has weathered literally divisive transformations at the national and ideological levels. As such, the genre deserves scrutiny as a repository of previously pent-up, suddenly unleashed libidinal energies, consumerist desires and historical traumas, as well as a barometer of public opinion about such issues as class warfare, gender inequality and sexual identity. Specifically, I explore some of the most salient features of Korean horror cinema, including filmmakers’ tendency to adopt narrative analepsis – typically rendered as flashbacks – in the course of plotting out scenarios that, though far-fetched, are rooted in unsettled (and unsettling) real-world problems. Historical return, I argue, truly is a horrifying prospect, especially for anyone old enough to remember, or to have experienced firsthand, the brutality of a military dictatorship or an ongoing abuse of presidential power resulting in severe rights violations (e.g. the Park Chung-hee [1961–79]) and Chun Doo-hwan [1980–88] administrations). But historical return simply must be dramatized as part of the regurgitative ‘purging’ for which the genre has been singled out by theorists who recognize horror’s socially productive function.
Comparative Analysis Between PI Conventional and Cascade Control in Heater-PFR-Series
Authors: Kristanto Dedy , Hermawan Yulius Deddy
Published: October 2020

The goals of this work are to compare and analyze the use of PI conventional and Cascade control configuration in heater-plug-flow-reactor-series (Heater-PFR-series) to produce benzene through the reaction of hydrodealkylation of toluene (HDA).The two control configurations were rigorously examined in UniSim dynamic simulation environment. The PI control parameters were tuned by using “autotuner” mode of UniSim. As shown in dynamic simulation study, the two control configurations with its tuning parameters gave the fast and stable responses. This study revealed that the Cascade control acted very well and its responses were better and faster than those in PI-conventional.Keywords: cascade control; dynamic simulation; PFR; PI conventional; UniSim
Moduli of stable sheaves supported on curves of genus three contained in a quadric surface
Authors: Maican Mario
Published: October 2020

We study the moduli space of stable sheaves of Euler characteristic 1 supported on curves of arithmetic genus 3 contained in a smooth quadric surface. We show that this moduli space is rational. We compute its Betti numbers by studying the variation of the moduli spaces of α-semi-stable pairs. We classify the stable sheaves using locally free resolutions or extensions. We give a global description: the moduli space is obtained from a certain flag Hilbert scheme by performing two flips followed by a blow-down.
The Cyclicality of On-the-Job Search Effort
Authors: Ahn Hie Joo , Shao Ling
Published: October 2020

This paper provides new evidence for cyclicality in the job-search effort of employed workers, on-the-job search (OJS) intensity, in the U.S. using American Time Use Survey and various cyclical indicators. We find that the probability of an employed worker to engage in OJS is statistically significantly countercyclical, while time spent on OJS of an employed job seeker is weakly countercyclical. The fear of job loss, employment uncertainty, and workers’ financial situations is crucial in the job search decision of employed individuals. The results imply that the precautionary motive might be the key driver of the countercyclicality in OJS intensity.
Evaluation of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin measurements on the V8 capillary electrophoresis system and comparison with the IFCC approved HPLC reference method and N-Latex immunonephelometric assay
Authors: Jacobs Leo H.J. , te Stroet Riekie M. , Demir Ayse Y.
Published: October 2020

Objectives

Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements are commonly used for the identification and follow-up of individuals suspected of chronic alcohol abuse. This study describes the analytical characteristics of the CDT assay on the Helena Biosciences V8 electrophoresis analyzer and compares its diagnostic performance to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine approved high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and the N-Latex CDT immunonephelometric assay.

Methods

The analytical performance of the V8 assay, including the linearity and the imprecision, was studied at two separate locations. Method comparison analysis was performed by studying the correlation, bias and agreement between the V8, HPLC and the N-Latex assays in 231 patient samples.

Results

The total imprecision ranged between 5.1 and 24.3% and was ≤13.1% for samples with concentrations above the clinical cut-off value (≥1.62%). The method comparisons revealed excellent correlations with r2≥0.97 for all comparisons. Measurements on the V8 showed a bias of −0.83 (−22.24%) and −0.40 (−12.26%) with the HPLC and N-Latex assays, respectively. The assays showed excellent agreements (Kappa scores ≥ 0.8) in classifying subjects with elevated CDT values. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-curve analysis, using the HPLC classification as reference, revealed areas under the ROC-curves of 0.981 (95% CI, 0.97–0.99) and 0.996 (0.99–1.00) for the N-Latex and V8 assays, respectively.

Conclusions

CDT measurements on the V8 assay are highly correlated with both the HPLC and the N-Latex assay and show excellent agreement in classifying subjects with elevated CDT values. Overall, the V8 CDT analysis is a robust, reliable and effective method to measure CDT concentrations in serum samples.
Rotational symmetry of Weingarten spheres in homogeneous three-manifolds
Authors: Gálvez José A. , Mira Pablo
Published: October 2020

Let M be a simply connected homogeneous three-manifold with isometry group of dimension 4, and let Σ be any compact surface of genus zero immersed in M whose mean, extrinsic and Gauss curvatures satisfy a smooth elliptic relation

Φ
⁢

(
H
,

K
e

,
K
)

=
0

{\Phi(H,K_{e},K)=0}

. In this paper we prove that Σ is a sphere of revolution, provided that the unique inextendible rotational surface S in M that satisfies this equation and touches its rotation axis orthogonally has bounded second fundamental form.
In particular, we prove that: (i) Any elliptic Weingarten sphere immersed in

ℍ
2

×
ℝ

{\mathbb{H}^{2}\times\mathbb{R}}

is a rotational sphere. (ii) Any sphere of constant positive extrinsic curvature immersed in M is a rotational sphere. (iii) Any immersed sphere in M that satisfies an elliptic Weingarten equation

H
=

ϕ
⁢

(

H
2

-

K
e

)

≥
a
>
0

{H=\phi(H^{2}-K_{e})\geq a>0}

with ϕ bounded, is a rotational sphere. As a very particular case of this last result, we recover the Abresch–Rosenberg classification of constant mean curvature spheres in M.
“We need to become ‘educational chameleons’”: from unified to multiple norms in a multilingual and international higher education context
Authors: de Saint-Georges Ingrid , Budach Gabriele , Tress Constanze
Published: October 2020

In recent decades, scholars have documented how globalisation and mobility have changed our relationship with linguistic, social and cultural norms. Yet in most educational contexts, evaluation systems still tend to support the teaching of homogeneous knowledge mastered by all, and to portray linguistic standards as key for social mobility. Drawing on qualitative interviews conducted with students on an international and multilingual higher education programme, this paper examines what the students claim they learn from a programme premised instead on the circulation of a multiplicity of norms, standards and practices. The interviews, conducted on the basis of a co-inquiry approach, suggest that the students learn to 1) deal productively and agentively with tensions, 2) rethink their positions and 3) open up to unexpected experiences when teachers support them in navigating multiple norms. In conclusion, the paper highlights how the research elucidates two kinds of norms at play in the programme, institutional and lived norms, and the relationship between them. It also reflects on the utility of discussing multilayered norms (Canagarajah 2006) openly in a globalised higher education context.
Glutaredoxins and iron-sulfur protein biogenesis at the interface of redox biology and iron metabolism
Authors: Mühlenhoff Ulrich , Braymer Joseph J. , Christ Stefan , Rietzschel Nicole , Uzarska Marta A. , Weiler Benjamin D. , Lill Roland
Published: October 2020

The physiological roles of the intracellular iron and redox regulatory systems are intimately linked. Iron is an essential trace element for most organisms, yet elevated cellular iron levels are a potent generator and amplifier of reactive oxygen species and redox stress. Proteins binding iron or iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters, are particularly sensitive to oxidative damage and require protection from the cellular oxidative stress protection systems. In addition, key components of these systems, most prominently glutathione and monothiol glutaredoxins are involved in the biogenesis of cellular Fe/S proteins. In this review, we address the biochemical role of glutathione and glutaredoxins in cellular Fe/S protein assembly in eukaryotic cells. We also summarize the recent developments in the role of cytosolic glutaredoxins in iron metabolism, in particular the regulation of fungal iron homeostasis. Finally, we discuss recent insights into the interplay of the cellular thiol redox balance and oxygen with that of Fe/S protein biogenesis in eukaryotes.
Recasts versus clarification requests: The relevance of linguistic target, proficiency, and communicative ability
Authors: Mifka-Profozic Nadia
Published: October 2020

This paper compares the effects of recasts and clarification requests as two implicit types of corrective feedback (CF) on learning two linguistic structures denoting past aspectual distinction in French, the passé composé and the imparfait. The participants in this classroom-based study are 52 high-school learners of French FL at a pre-intermediate level of proficiency (level B1 of CEFR). A distinctive feature of this study is the use of focused, context constrained communicative tasks in both treatment and tests. The paper specifically highlights the advantages of feedback using recasts for the acquisition of morpho-syntactically complex grammatical structures such as is the French passé composé. The study points to the participants’ communicative ability as an essential aspect of language proficiency, which seems to be crucial to bringing about the benefits of recasts. Oral communicative skill in a foreign language classroom is seen as a prerequisite for an appropriate interpretation and recognition of the corrective nature of recasts.
Gaussian variant of Freivalds’ algorithm for efficient and reliable matrix product verification
Authors: Ji Hao , Mascagni Michael , Li Yaohang
Published: October 2020

In this article, we consider the general problem of checking the correctness of matrix multiplication.
Given three

n
×
n

n\times n

matrices 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶, the goal is to verify that

A
×
B

=
C

A\times B=C

without carrying out the computationally costly operations of matrix multiplication and comparing the product

A
×
B

A\times B

with 𝐶, term by term.
This is especially important when some or all of these matrices are very large, and when the computing environment is prone to soft errors.
Here we extend Freivalds’ algorithm to a Gaussian Variant of Freivalds’ Algorithm (GVFA) by projecting the product

A
×
B

A\times B

as well as 𝐶 onto a Gaussian random vector and then comparing the resulting vectors.
The computational complexity of GVFA is consistent with that of Freivalds’ algorithm, which is

O
⁢

(

n
2

)

O(n^{2})

.
However, unlike Freivalds’ algorithm, whose probability of a false positive is

2

-
k

2^{-k}

, where 𝑘 is the number of iterations, our theoretical analysis shows that, when

A
×
B

≠
C

A\times B\neq C

, GVFA produces a false positive on set of inputs of measure zero with exact arithmetic.
When we introduce round-off error and floating-point arithmetic into our analysis, we can show that the larger this error, the higher the probability that GVFA avoids false positives.
Moreover, by iterating GVFA 𝑘 times, the probability of a false positive decreases as

p
k

p^{k}

, where 𝑝 is a very small value depending on the nature of the fault on the result matrix and the arithmetic system’s floating-point precision.
Unlike deterministic algorithms, there do not exist any fault patterns that are completely undetectable with GVFA.
Thus GVFA can be used to provide efficient fault tolerance in numerical linear algebra, and it can be efficiently implemented on modern computing architectures.
In particular, GVFA can be very efficiently implemented on architectures with hardware support for fused multiply-add operations.
Enhanced harmonic generation in gases using an all-dielectric metasurface
Authors: Ginsberg Jared S. , Overvig Adam C. , Jadidi M. Mehdi , Malek Stephanie C. , Patwardhan Gauri N. , Swenson Nicolas , Yu Nanfang , Gaeta Alexander L.
Published: October 2020

Strong field confinement, long-lifetime resonances, and slow-light effects suggest that metasurfaces are a promising tool for nonlinear optical applications. These nanostructured devices have been utilized for relatively high efficiency solid-state high-harmonic generation platforms, four-wave mixing, and Raman scattering experiments, among others. Here, we report the first all-dielectric metasurface to enhance harmonic generation from a surrounding gas, achieving as much as a factor of 45 increase in the overall yield for Argon atoms. When compared to metal nanostructures, dielectrics are more robust against damage for high power applications such as those using atomic gases. We employ dimerized high-contrast gratings fabricated in silicon-on-insulator that support bound states in the continuum, a resonance feature accessible in broken-symmetry planar devices. Our 1D gratings maintain large mode volumes, overcoming one of the more severe limitations of earlier device designs and greatly contributing to enhanced third- and fifth-harmonic generation. The interaction lengths that can be achieved are also significantly greater than the 10’s of nm to which earlier solid-state designs were restricted. We perform finite-difference time-domain simulations to fully characterize the wavelength, linewidth, mode profile, and polarization dependence of the resonances. Our experiments confirm these predictions and are consistent with other nonlinear optical properties. The tunable wavelength dependence and quality factor control we demonstrate in these devices make them an attractive tool for the next generation of high-harmonic sources, which are anticipated to be pumped at longer wavelengths and with lower peak power, higher repetition rate lasers.
Eine psychophysiologische Lektüre der Vorreden von 1886/87. Genese und Bedeutung von „Krankheit“ und „Gesundheit“ in Nietzsches Spätphilosophie
Authors: Silenzi Marina
Published: October 2020

The 1886/87 prefaces for the new editions ofThe Birth of Tragedy, the first volume ofHuman, All Too Human,Daybreak, andThe Gay Science, as well the preface for the first edition of the second volume ofHuman, All Too Human, are Nietzsche’s starting point for elaborating and developing his late conception of illness and health. To arrive at a more detailed interpretation of the health process that Nietzsche describes, it is necessary to establish an intertextual reading of the prefaces and the aphorism GS 370 from the perspective of a psychophysiological analysis. Nietzsche classifies his interpretation of illness under the term “romanticism,” which he sees embodied by the figures of Schopenhauer and Wagner and which he considers to be the most extreme case of illness – while his conception of health is classified under the term “tragic pessimism.” Nietzsche applies the meaning of romanticism and tragic pessimism until the end of his work, transforming both concepts into categories from which he defines the nature of the human being.
Abenteurer und Entdecker vor dem „Theater-Auge“ in Nietzsches Morgenröthe
Authors: Wokalek Marie
Published: October 2020

Adventurers and discoverers are recurring figures and themes in Nietzsche’s writings. This is especially the case in Morgenröthe and Die fröhliche Wissenschaft, where this conceptual constellation belongs to the context of the “free spirits”. For Nietzsche, it seems, adventurers and discoverers represent the productive as much as destructive potential of any desire for knowledge. In this article, I will thus focus on two connected questions: (1) what are the specific epistemic characteristics of the adventurer and the discoverer, and (2) how are these characteristics performed, and how do they become manifest, in a text like Morgenröthe. The analysis of the function of the “theatre eye” plays a key role here.
Political Theologies Surrounding the Nietzschean “Death of God” Trope
Authors: Herrero Montserrat
Published: October 2020

Approaches to Nietzsche’s political philosophy abound. In this article, however, we explore the possibility of identifying not only a political philosophy, but also a political-theological reading in Nietzsche’s texts. In fact, such a political-theological reading already has something of a genealogy. In the 1960s, “radical theology” appropriated the Nietzschean topic of the death of God, which engendered a transferred radical political theology consisting in radical democracy. The first part of this article explores twentieth-century political theologies surrounding the death of God. We ask herein if this is the only possible political-theological reading of Nietzsche’s texts. The second part argues that, in fact, we can ascribe to Nietzsche a “theological” intention that is transferable to his political theory in a way that differs from the attempts of radical political theology and other political theologies surrounding the death of God. We conclude that, in any case, Nietzsche’s political theology aims to counterbalance St. Paul’s nihilism more than to constitute a determined political view.
Nietzsche und die Worte des Avestā. Lektürespuren parsischer Texte inAlso sprach Zarathustra
Authors: Mariani Emanuele Enrico
Published: October 2020

The presence of Persian sources in Nietzsche’sThus Spoke Zarathustrahas been a topic of debate for decades. This paper summarizes the main results of a comparative study of Nietzsche and the ancient Persian scriptureAvestā. In addition to several secondary sources Nietzsche repeatedly encountered, there is strong evidence that he read Johann Friedrich Kleuker’s German translation of theAvestātexts reconstructed by Abraham Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron. Analyzing Nietzsche’s diverse sources of Zoroastrianism as well as his knowledge of this religion, this paper shows that many metaphors, references and claims in bothThus Spoke Zarathustraand in Nietzsche’s notebooks can be traced back to Zoroastrianism. Taking these sources into consideration contributes significantly to our understanding of one of Nietzsche’s major works.
SAPO-34 zeotype membrane for gas sweetening
Authors: Makertihartha I Gusti B. N. , Kencana Kevin S. , Dwiputra Theodorus R. , Khoiruddin Khoiruddin , Lugito Graecia , Mukti Rino R. , Wenten I Gede
Published: October 2020

Membranes are considered promising tools for gas sweetening due to their lower footprint (i.e., area and energy requirement, considering elimination of solvent/absorbent and its associated regeneration procedures), and ease of scale-up. Performing membrane gas separation is strongly dependent on membrane materials. With a 0.38-nm pore size, the SAPO-34 membrane surpasses the upper bond limit for CO2/CH4 separation. However, preparing defect-free and high-performance zeolite membranes is quite challenging. This paper reviews gas transport and separation mechanisms in SAPO-34 membranes, and it discusses prospective approaches for obtaining membranes with defect-free selective layers and hence high separation performance. Highlights, as well as the authors’ perspectives on the future development of SAPO-34 membranes in the field of gas separation, are pointed out.