bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histopathological pattern of endometrial biopsies in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding in a tertiary referral hospital in Jordan
Authors: Alshdaifat Eman Husssein , El-Deen Al-Horani Sami Saif , Al-Sous Majd Mahmoud , Al-Horani Sharaf , Sahawneh Fernas Emile , Sindiani Amer Mahmoud
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a symptom that deviates from the normal menstrual cycle. AUB is characterized by changes in the frequency, volume, and duration of the menstrual flow. The etiology of AUB, which varies with age, may be attributed to both structural and non-structural causes.

OBJECTIVES:

Determine the histopathological pattern of endometrial biopsies in patients with AUB across different age and parity groups who have undergone dilation and curettage (D&C), along with the discrepancy between D&C and histopathological findings after hysterectomy.

DESIGN:

Retrospective chart review

SETTING:

Tertiary referral hospital

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We collected data on all patients diagnosed with AUB between January 2015 and December 2020. Histopathological findings of all D&C endometrial biopsy samples were examined after being categorized by age and parity groups. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and NPV were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of D&C.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Histopathological pattern of D&C endometrial biopsies by age and parity groups.

SAMPLE SIZE:

3233 patients.

RESULTS:

Most patients were in the 18-39 year age group, with normal cyclical findings being the most common histopathological finding. Malignant lesions were observed in 42 patients with a majority being older than 50 years. In 13.3% (42/316) of patients, D&C failed to detect intrauterine disorder that was found on hysterectomy. The overall accuracy of D&C in determining the existence of normal versus pathological findings was 75.60%, the sensitivity was 72.90%, the specificity was 77.90%, the positive predictive value was 73.86% and the NPV was 77.05% in our patients.

CONCLUSION:

Normal cyclic changes account for the highest proportion of histopathological findings. However, hyperplasia and malignancies are important causes of perimenopausal and postmenopausal bleeding. While the use of D&C as a sampling tool for AUB cases remains questionable, the use of D&C in diagnosing premalignant and malignant cases is highly effective.

LIMITATIONS:

Single-center, retrospective design, incomplete medical records, and inter-rater reliability could not be determined.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Fragments of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Srebrenica Refugees and Its' Returnees
Authors: Efendić Nirha
Published: June 2022

During ethnographic research into newly established suburbs around Sarajevo, which are mainly inhabited by Srebrenica’s population who survived the persecution and genocide of 1995, I had the task of recording certain lifestyle changes of these refugees. This paper analyses the oral literary lyrical heritage of the Srebrenica region, ie. oral songs which were remembered mostly by women. Since I was myself one of those populations I relied on my personal experience that expanded my insight into more detailed knowledge, as well as the various circumstances that shaped the way of life of my respondents. On the other hand, the research aimed, among other things, to examine the role of Srebrenica women in the memory of the intangible cultural heritage of their region in recent times. First, I considered women’s self-organizing as a response to the genocide and the consequent absence of male family members and community leaders. Then I draw upon my research to consider the impact of these activities on collective attitudes toward the memory of the Srebrenicas' former spiritual life examining the presence of traditional and oral patterns in everyday life. The paper relies on interpretative and analytical methods of the science of literature.
The Play of Realistic and Fantastic in the Literature for Children and Youth of Ljubica Ostojić
Authors: Murtić Edina
Published: June 2022

The play in numerous philosophical, literary-theoretical, and artistic texts is recognized as a constituent part of life and as one of the vital determinations of a human being. This Paper perceives the play as a fundamental principle that permeates all levels of the texts in the selected examples in the literature for children and youth of Ljubica Ostojić. We will show how Ljubica Ostojić takes the play and artistic creation as a thematic-conceptual base of her texts, focusing on structural, semantic, and language aspects of its presence in the text. The analyzed texts of Ljubica Ostojić are a helpful example of the accomplished correlation of the reality between the child and the world with elements of a fantastic discourse. In the parallel existence of realistic and fantastic, deconstructing the traditional children's literature, the author writes various types of texts for children and youth, which share the seeming disharmony and complexity of the structure.
Letters as a Source for the Study of Literary Past
Authors: Rebihić Nehrudin
Published: June 2022

Correspondence as a source for the study of literary, cultural, and political circumstances and events in Bosnia has not received an appropriate place in the humanities and social sciences because the letters are treated exclusively in the field of privacy. However, letters are sometimes a first-class source for presenting an image of a particular period or event, especially if it is interesting to determine how a particular person or group understands events or processes in society and culture. Studying the letters would open a different perspective on some events since it is often about an "informal" form of communication. In the framework of Bosnian studies, the so-called "letters from the border/krajišnička pisma" (Muhamed Nezirović and Lejla Nakaš) have been the most comprehensively studied, with slightly fewer letters in oriental languages (Sabaheta Gačanin), while letters from the 20th century (Hamid Dizdar, Munir Šahinović, Alija Nametak, for example), unfortunately, did not receive proper valorization. In this paper, the correspondence of Alija Nametak between the two world wars will be presented. Considering the dispersed thematic content of the letters, they are grouped into several thematic units. Letters about Safvet-beg Bašagić, letters about political censorship of articles and literary and artistic works, and correspondence with Slavists throughout Europe especially stand out. The letters were linked to other texts (co-text) that were in the broadest sense related to the topics of the letters. We tried to present as much as possible the events to which the letters referred. We also pay attention to the need to renew the study of Bosnian archival and documentary material, especially in the study of the history of literature.
The Dominance of the Group Position and Anti-Bosniak Prejudice in the Ideology of Serbian Nationalism
Authors: Delibašić Asim
Published: June 2022

Ethnic cleansing often takes the form of social revolutions involving large numbers of ordinary people. Such participation of the broad masses would be impossible without the presence of a strong ethnic prejudice that motivates a common man to contribute to this collectivist crime. Blumer's theory of group position suggests that ethnic/racial prejudice occurs as a reaction to the perception of the threat posed by the other group and assumes that prejudice must be formed of four constitutive elements: feelings of superiority, feelings of inherent distinction, feelings of special rights and privileges, and finally feelings of threat to the group's dominant position. All these feelings, according to Herbert Blumer, are in fact representations of another group that are being created in the long historical processes of positioning ethnic groups in society. The representation of the other group is not necessarily rooted in direct experience, it is rooted, above all, in the ideological image of the other. The purpose of this paper is to explore and analyze historical data and statements of influential political, religious, and intellectual figures, four dimensions of the representation of the Bosniak ethnonational group in the ideology of Serbian nationalism.
Brčko District of B&H: Between Simulacrum and Reality
Authors: Pašalić Enes
Published: June 2022

For years, the public speech on the Brčko District of B&H, established in 2000 based on The Final Arbitration Award, has been all about political phrases that have lost all connection with reality. Therefore, it is high time to speak competently about what was the socio-cultural and political novelty made by the Final Award, which has been disintegrating for years in a way that calls into question the very survival of the District. The Final Arbitration Award produced "an area under new political jurisdiction." "Bosnian new space" can be reduced to several important characteristics. The establishment of the District created: New constitutional structure of B&H; A new political model has been established in the District (civil), as opposed to those in Bosnian entities (ethnonational); A democratic unitary government has been established, unlike the consociational government in B&H and FB&H; Consistent insistence on multiethnicity (multiculturalism) in all spheres of public life. All these elements are interconnected and form one whole, so questioning any one of them endangers the survival of the others. Unfortunately, all of these elements are questionable today. On the hand, that is thanks to the changes made to the District’s Statute by Supervisor Gregorian. On the other hand, that is thanks to the disregard of the Final Award, the Statute, and the law by local politicians. It is high time to point out all of these problems that the District faces to get the professional and political attention that this specific socio-cultural and political model deserves.
Abdolkarim Soroush’s Philosophy of Religion
Authors: Šadić Rusmir
Published: June 2022

The fundamental features of Abdolkarim Soroush’s philosophy of religion is an issue that is at the very heart of the article. Although he is one of the most important contemporary Muslim thinkers who has offered a significant contribution in the field of political philosophy, philosophy of science, sociology of knowledge, and mysticism, our focus remains on Soroush's philosophical interpretation of religion. The theory of the expansion of religious knowledge, which represents a real epistemological turn, as well as the theory of the expansion of prophetic experience, are the cornerstone of his philosophy of religion, which appears as the very key to his reformist discourse. With Fazlur Rahman (1919-1988), Isma’il Faruqi (1921-1986), Mohammad Arqouna (1928-2010), Hassan Hanafi (1935-2021), Nasr Abu Zayd (1943-2010), and Muhammad ‘Abid Jabiri (1935-2010), Abdolkarim Soroush appears as one of the most prominent contemporary Muslim neo-rationalists.
Aggression in International Law: The Crime of a State and Criminal Responsibility of an Individual
Authors: Omerović Enis
Published: June 2022

The paper covers unlawful use of force in international law by states to explore the general concept and definition of aggression in the law of state responsibility and for criminal responsibility of individuals. The genesis of the concept of aggression in the XX century is analyzed. The paper describes problems that arose in defining the aggression that accompanied the efforts to ban any threat of force and the use of force by international law provisions, which was over with adopting the United Nations Charter in 1945. The responsibility of a State for the internationally wrongful act in question was accompanied by the criminal responsibility of individuals for the same international crime. The analysis of cases before the International Court of Justice in The Hague, and the analysis of the work of the United Nations Security Council, reveal their practice in terms of which of the above authorities has priority in finding State responsibility? Equally, we seek to identify the weaknesses concerning the definition of aggression adopted as an expression of political compromise in Annex to the 1974 UN General Assembly Resolution, and whether the 2010 Kampala definition contained in the amendments to the Rome Statute may be considered inadequate in trying of the International Criminal Court to fight impunity and to participate in the prevention of future crimes of aggression through its work and actions. Ultimately, is the aggression any threat or violation of international peace and security by the state? If aggression is a true-crime of a State, does that mean that only the state's highest officials will be criminally responsible for the crime in question?
Rule of Law and the Muslim World – a Brief Analysis of the Causes of Development of the Rule of Law in the Muslim World
Authors: Nurkić Benjamin , Mehmedović Resul
Published: June 2022

The rule of law is, along with democracy, one of the main concepts of the 21st century, while Islam is, along with Christianity, the most populous religion. On the other hand, Muslim states face the problem of accepting the rule of law as a concept that originated in the West. The paper discusses the compatibility of the rule of law and Islam as well as the reason why the rule of law is not developed in Muslim countries. The authors investigate whether the underdevelopment of the rule of law in Muslim countries is inherently related to Islam or to the socio-economic circumstances that led to it. The authors of the paper put forward the thesis that the cause of the underdevelopment of the rule of law in Muslim countries is primarily caused by socio-economic circumstances, and not because of the very concept of Islam as a religion.
Teaching and Curriculum in Understanding of Classics of Pedagogy
Authors: Mirić Bojan , Zukorlić Mirsada
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the results of theoretical and historical research and study of ideas and thoughts of the classics of pedagogy from the XVII to the XIX century (J.A. Comenius, Jean J. Rousseau, H. Pestalozzi, J. Locke, and Johan F. Herbart). The subject of our study is a review of scientific ideas of pedagogical classics on teaching and curriculum. We see the significance of this paper in presenting the understanding of pedagogical classics on teaching and curriculum, many of which are still relevant and important today. Throughout history, teaching has grown from individual to frontal through a series of transitional forms, and its most modern form assimilates the positive achievements of previous development. When it comes to the curriculum, from the point of view of interpreting pedagogical historiography, there are curricula and programs (contents) that were studied in schools in that period. That is why we are guided by the idea that we look at modern pedagogical topics such as teaching and curriculum, from a historical aspect in the light of theories and ideas of the classics of pedagogy.
From Objective to Learning Outcome Through Application of Bloom's Taxonomy
Authors: Gavrilović-Obradović Dragana R. , Zdravković Vujadin G.
Published: June 2022

The paper describes the concepts of goal and "learning outcomes" and their mutual relations, as well as relations with similar pedagogical concepts. A systematic analysis of taxonomies of teaching tasks, goals, and outcomes, formulated by Benjamin Bloom and his associates, is attached. It represents the most commonly used classification of cognitive domains, and the mental and practical abilities of students within each domain (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor). The paper also specifies the importance of Bloom's taxonomy in formulating learning outcomes, as well as in the grading process. The second part of the paper demonstrates the application of Bloom's taxonomy on the example of Thematic teaching (theme day) which was realized in an elementary school first-grade class. Through various activities, oriented toward problem-solving or acquiring new knowledge and skills in a selected topic, the outcomes planned by the teaching and learning program for a particular grade are achieved.
The Relationship Between Self-perceived and Teacher-perceived Principal Leadership Style
Authors: Pinkas Gabriel
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the results obtained on a sample of 467 teachers and 25 principals from elementary schools in the wider city area of Tuzla. The subject of the research was the relation between self-perceived principal leadership styles and principal leadership styles perceived by teachers. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was used to collect data; one version for principals and a different version for employees. The results obtained from the sample of respondents show no statistically significant difference between self-perceived and teacher-perceived principal leadership styles, and that the average scale values on the subscales of transformational and transactional leadership obtained on subsamples of teachers led by more transformational and less transformational principals statistically significantly vary. Correlation analysis showed that the dimensions of transformational leadership and laissez-faire leadership have a predictor value of teacher perception for principal (self) perception, with the laissez-faire style having a negative value. The probable reason for such results lies in the fact that principals with more pronounced transformational leadership characteristics have a greater ability for empathy and self-awareness, and are better at assessing their managerial strengths and weaknesses.
Cooperation between Preschool Institutions and Parents within Early Childhood Environmental Education
Authors: Milošević Adamović Nataša
Published: June 2022

The goal of this research was to explore the perceptions of cooperation between preschool institutions and parents within Early Childhood Environmental Education activities, primarily within the dimension of including parents in preschool activities. In the theoretical framework of the study, we discuss the major aspects of cooperation between families and preschool institutions and the significance of learning about the environment for the cooperation process. Many authors agree that cooperation between families and preschool institutions comprises the following dimensions: information sharing between preschool teachers and parents, including parents in preschool activities, parents’ involvement in supporting the child’s development at home, and parents’ participation in preschool institutions executive bodies. In this paper, we focus on the dimension of including parents in preschool activities through Early Childhood Environmental Education. The results show that the majority of questionnaire items exposed statistically significant differences between the perception of parents and the perception of preschool teachers when it comes to including parents in Early Childhood Environmental Education activities. We consider that a series of planned actions is necessary for including as many parents as possible in the Early Childhood Environmental Education activities. One of the main reasons for such an initiative is the veracity of such activities and the possibility for children to create and develop their creative abilities through research.
Herzegovina`s Literary Portrait in Alija Nametak`s and Almin Kaplan`s Prose Work
Authors: Žujo-Marić Lejla
Published: June 2022

Alija Nametak and Almin Kaplan are two writers of Bosnian-Herzegovinian literature. Their prose work is defined by two separate historical periods. Alija Nametak`s prose originated in the 1930s, retaining a realistic poetic framework of storytelling and thematically entering into historical strife, folklore, and social relations amalgamated into the patriarchal way of life of Bosniak rural communities in Herzegovina. On the other hand, Almin Kaplan creates in the cultural climate of the first decades of the 21st century, combining poetic and prose expression in his literary work. Kaplan's literary world built on post-war actuality realistically depicts Bosnian society and convincingly portrays a man sandwiched between the magma of dreams and harsh reality, at the crossroads of personal and collective values, in a time of economic transition, unemployment, broken ethical values, and new globalist movements, but still burdened by the war trauma of the 1990s. Although they are separated by almost the whole century, Alija Nametak and Almin Kaplan can be connected by certain similarities that will be the backbone of this research: woven into the Herzegovinian ambiance with all its geographical, historical, social, and cultural conditions, both draw their literary motifs from the socio-cultural landscape of Herzegovina, which is a stage for small human stories and universal truths. The research corpus of this paper will be based on the novel Meho (2019) and the collection of short stories Dubravske priče (2020) by Almin Kaplan and several short stories from the collection Trava zaboravka (1966/1998) by Alija Nametak.
A Practice-oriented Intervention Study on the Use of Conjunctional Adverbs
Authors: Gruber Verena , Kovač Mirjana Matea
Published: June 2022

Conjunctional adverbs and formulaic expressions are the fundamental mechanisms in the development of fluent speech, providing coherence and cohesion within discourse, but also contributing to perceived fluency or the listener’s impression of native-like speech. Research has emphasized the exceptional importance of explicitly teaching those lexical units that directly affect the development of speech fluency since they are very important in all phases during the process of speech production. The present study aims to expand the existing knowledge by providing insight into how formal teaching instruction can contribute to the automatization of different conjunctional adverbs to achieve coherence and contribute to perceived fluency. A group of eight students of German studies at the Faculty of Philosophy of Humanities and Social Sciences in Split recorded a spontaneous dialogue based on three given topics twice, before and after the intervention. The intervention included different speech tasks with the implementation of a variety of native like conjunctional adverbs (e.g., außerdem, darüberhinaus, zudem, dazu, zusätzlich, daher, nämlich, deswegen, etc.). The results of the study have mostly shown that learners tend to employ an unsatisfactory repertoire of a variety of lexical units with a narrower range of different functions. In other words, an extreme overuse of the discourse markers und and also was recorded in the first dialogue. The analysis of the second recording after the intervention displayed no changes.
Determinants of Changes in Cognitive Functioning in the Elderly
Authors: Mišetić Katarina , Koso-Drljević Maida , Đapo Nermin
Published: June 2022

Questions about cognitive aging are inherent questions about why individuals of different ages or from different subpopulations differ from each other and how these differences change over time. One of the main goals of cognitive gerontology is to describe how cognitive abilities change over time and to link these changes with brain aging. When we talk about the cognitive deterioration in the elderly, we have to consider great individual differences in cognitive functioning, that are greater than in the earlier period of life. In neurophysiology, significant progress has been made in mapping the brain areas responsible for changes in cognitive functioning; whether biological weakening will manifest in our behavior is greatly determined by life experiences and habits. Emotional stability, openness to experience, higher level of education, higher socioeconomic status, enjoyment in intellectual activities through the lifespan, and better physical and mental health are positively correlated with preserved cognitive abilities among older adults.
Creativity Self-assessment: Validation of the Short Scale of the Creative Self-concept (SSCS)
Authors: Vujović Gorjana , Šupić Jovana
Published: June 2022

Creative self-concept is a construct that refers to the self-assessment of one's creativity, and it consists of two dimensions, creative identity, and creative self-efficiency. Creative identity determines how important creative potential is to a person, and creative self-efficacy represents faith in personal creative abilities. Since the Short Scale of Creative Self-Concept (SSCS) was not validated on a sample of respondents from Bosnia and Herzegovina, this study aims to validate and verify the metric characteristics of the scale. The sample consisted of 238 students from different faculties from BiH, aged 19 to 46 (M = 22.21; SD = 3.27). Using a two-way procedure from English, 11 items that make up the SSCS scale were translated: 5 items examine creative identity, and 6 creative self-efficacy. The SSCS scale as a whole has good reliability (α = .904) as well as representativeness (KMO = .908). At the subscale level, these values are also satisfactory: for creative identity (α = .902; KMO = .871), and for creative self-efficacy (α = .823; KMO = .776). Convergent and criterion validity was confirmed by a high correlation between the total score on the SSCS scale and scores on the personality dimension Openness to Experience (r = .680) and scores on the Creativity Self-Assessment Questionnaire (r = .768). Exploratory factor analysis, with Promax rotation, retained two factors that together explain 68.03% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis tested three models: Model 1 - the original version of the scale with one dimension; Model 2 - the original version of the scale with two dimensions; Model 3 - the abbreviated version of the scale with two dimensions. As Model 3 (in which problematic items were omitted) was the only one with adequate matching parameters (χ2/df =3.357; CFI = .964; TLI = .948; RMSEA = .103), the metric characteristics of the shortened version of the scale were rechecked and showed that everything is satisfactory, except discrimination. The conclusion is that an abbreviated version of the scale can be applied, but also that it would be useful to conduct a new validation study in which all items from the scale would be retained, with linguistic modification of claims that were problematic in this study.
Democratization and Advancement of Media Pluralism in Bosnia and Herzegovina Obstructive Mechanisms in Media
Authors: Kuprešanin Vukelić Anđela
Published: June 2022

The establishment and development of media pluralism is an important prerequisite for the democratization of media systems. Exposure of the media to various aspects of instrumentalization significantly limits the process of its democratization, which results in the media being inadequately differentiated, politically polarised, and commercially instrumentalized, thus narrowing the space for media organizations to act in a professional and free manner, based on public interest. The aforementioned trends point to the dominant presence and agency of obstructive mechanisms within the process of media and media systems democratization and establishment of media pluralism. Concerning the aforementioned, the paper presents mechanisms or patterns of agency that primarily obstruct the development of internal media pluralism in the media market of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Internal pluralism is especially significant for the process of successful media democratization since it is a common case that external pluralism merely serves the purpose of providing a formal cover for meeting criteria as regards plurality of media companies and their respective editorial policies. To this end, the paper identifies critical issues in media practice and journalism as a profession in Bosnia and Herzegovina, featuring them as primary aspects within the context of effective democratization and orientation towards the successful establishment of differentiation of media content at the level of individual media organizations. The level of criticality of various aspects of the media is examined from the perspective of both journalists and editors employed with respective media organizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as of media managers in this media market.
MÜSADERENİN MÜLKİYET HAKKI İLE İLİŞKİSİNİN ANAYASAL AÇIDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Mastı Ahmet Korhan , Dölen Abdullah
Published: June 2022

12/10/2004 tarihli Resmi Gazete'de yayınlanarak 01/06/2005 de yürürlüğe girerek hukukumuzda yer alan 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu ve 5271 sayılı Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu, hukukumuza önemli yenilikler ve düzenlemeler getirmekte, en önemlisi de çalışmamızın konusunu oluşturan müsadere konusunda da önemli yenilikler getirmektedir. 765 sayılı TCK'nin 36. maddesinin karşılığı olarak 5237 sayılı TCK'de madde 54 ve 55' de düzenlenmiş olan müsadere 765 sayılı kanunun aksine, eşya müsaderesi ayrı bir maddede, kazanç müsaderesi ayrı bir madde de düzenlenmiştir.
Müsadere ile ilgili bu çalışmamız iki bölümden oluşmakta olup; birinci bölümünde müsadere kavramının tanımı, müsaderenin amacı ve hukuksal niteliğine ilişkin görüşler, müsaderenin çeşitleri başlığında, genel müsadere ve özel müsadere, zorunlu müsadere ve ihtiyari müsadere, eşya müsaderesi ve kazanç müsaderesi başlıkları adı altında açıklanarak ardından elkoyma, muhafaza altına alma, mülkiyetin kamuya geçirilmesi gibi müsaderenin benzer kavramlarla ilişkisine değinilecektir.
İkinci bölümde müsadere ile mülkiyet hakkı ile ilişkisi 1982 anayasasında mülkiyet hakkı ve sınırlanması anayasal açıdan incelenecektir.
Çalışma ile amaçlanan müsadere konusunun açıklanması ve müsaderenin Anayasa hükümleri ile koruma altına alınan temel hak ve özgürlüklerden mülkiyet hakkına etkisinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Nitekim, müsadere ile kamu düzeninin korunması, suç ve suçlu ile mücadele amaçlanmakta, fakat başta mülkiyet hakkı olmak üzere hak ve menfaatler üzerinde sınırlayıcı veya ortadan kaldırıcı etkileri bulunmaktadır.
Effects of Different Forage Pea and Rye Mixtures on Forage Yield and Quality
Authors: KIR Hakan
Published: June 2022

This study was carried out in the 2018-19 vegetation period to determine the appropriate mixture ratios of forage pea (Pisum sativum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) under rainfed conditions of Kırşehir province, Turkey. The layout of the experiment was randomized blocks with three replications and the treatments were pure rye, pure forage pea and four different mixtures of forage pea and mixtures (20% FP + 80% R, 40% FP + 60% P, 60% FP + 40% R, 80% FP + 20% R). The highest green forage yield (2395.1 kg da-1), dry matter yield (833.3 kg da-1) and crude protein yield (71.0 kg da-1) were obtained from pure rye sowings. The highest crude protein ratio (15.6%), the lowest ADF (31.1%) and NDF (39.3%) ratios were obtained from pure forage pea sowings. The increase in the rye ratio of the mixtures increased the yield, while the increase in the forage pea ratio caused an increase in the forage quality. The results revealed that a mixture of pure rye and 20% FP + 80% R can be recommended to obtain high dry matter yield, and 40% FP + 60% R mixture for yield and quality for under continental climate conditions as in Kirsehir province of Turkey.
PENINGKATAN HASIL DAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR PADA MATERI JARINGAN MAKHLUK HIDUP MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GUIDED INQUIRY LEARNING
Authors: Nurhayati Evi
Published: June 2022

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pengaruh pembelajaran guided inquiry learning terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 6 Semarang. Dalam penelitian ini, subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 6 Semarang.  Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini meliputi observasi kelas, wawancara, penyebaran angket, evaluasi formatif, dan diskusi dengan guru mitra (kolaborator). Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis data secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. penerapan model pembelajaran guided inquiry learning dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains dengan indikator keberhasilan yaitu hasil literasi sains siswa di kelas pada Siklus I mampu mencapai rata-rata skor setiap aspek yaitu ≥ 75 % atau pada kriteria baik dan pada Siklus II meningkat menjadi rata-rata skor setiap aspek yaitu ≥ 85% atau pada kriteria sangat baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai secara klasikal naik dari 68 pada Siklus I yang menjadi 80 pada Siklus II dan persentase siswa yang mampu memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimal pada Siklus II telah mencapai sebesar 89%. Aktivitas belajar siswa juga mengalami peningkatan dilihat dari aktivitas bertanya yang meningkat dari skor 14 pada Siklus I menjadi skor 29 pada Siklus II atau meningkat sebesar 41,67%. Aktivitas menjawab pertanyaan meningkat dari skor 18 pada Siklus I menjadi skor 27 pada Siklus II atau meningkat sebesar 25%. Sedangkan, aktivitas mengerjakan tugas meningkat dari skor 23 pada Siklus I menjadi skor 32 pada Siklus II atau meningkat sebesar 25. Semua hasil tindakan telah mencapai kriteria yang diharapkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan kelas yang sudah dilakukan diperoleh simpulan bahwa pembelajaran guided inquiry learning berbantu media Liveworksheet yang mampu meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 6 Semarang.
ANALISIS NILAI KARAKTER YANG TERDAPAT DALAM FILM UPIN DAN IPIN PADA KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI SISWA
Authors: Pratama Gilang Aditya , Soegeng Soegeng , Sukamto Sukamto
Published: June 2022

Banyak pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dari menonton film Upin dan Ipin, mulai dari pesan moral yang mendidik hingga meniru bahasa yang terdapat pada film tersebut yaitu bahasa Melayu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu  untuk menganalisis nilai-nilai karakter pada film Upin dan Ipin episode Taman Riang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, simak, catat, angket, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian, maka ditemukan nilai karakter pada setiap adegan film Upin dan Ipin. Nilai karakter yang ditemukan dalam film Upin dan Ipin episode Taman Riang yaitu religius, kerja sama, kerja keras, jujur, peduli sosial, rasa ingin tahu, toleransi, menghargai prestasi, komunikatif/bersahabat dan iri hati. Simpulan hasil dari analisis film Upin dan Ipin episode Taman Riang yaitu terdapatsepuluh  nilai karakter yang terkandung dalam film Upin dan Ipin yang dapat digunakan guru untuk media alat bantu dalam proses penyampaik
PENINGKATAN SERVICE BAWAH MELALUI PERMAINAN MODEL LETABOL (LEMPAR TANGKAP BOLA) PADA HASIL BELAJAR BOLA VOLI
Authors: Muhdhor Muhdhor
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peningkatan kemampuan servis bawah melalui model letabol (lempar tangkap bola) terhadap hasil belajar Peserta  Didik Kelas V  SD Negeri Tlogosari Wetan 02 Kecamatan Pedurungan tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan rancangan penelitian siklus I dan siklus II peningkatan kemampuan servis bawah melalui model letabol (lempar tangkap bola) terhadap hasil belajar Peserta  Didik Kelas V  semester II SD Negeri Tlogosari Wetan 02 Kecamatan Pedurungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil pada siklus I dengan kegiatan servis bawah melalui permainan tradisional17.85% dengan keberhasilan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam mencapai nilai kriteria ketuntasan minimal peserta didik 4 siswa dan 1 siswa putri  setelah melalui perbaikan pada siklus II pada teknik dasar servis bawah bolavoli melalui permainan tradisional. Prosentase keberhasilan rata-rata meningkat menjadi 89.28% 33 siswa yang mendapat nilai diatas kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM) dari jumlah 39 peserta didik dengan hasil perubahan yang signifikan.Simpulan  : 1) ada peningkatan servis bawah melalui permainan kucing  dan tikus terhadap hasil belajar sebanyak 39 siswa yang mendapat diatas kriteria ketuntasan minimal 75 yang sudah ditetapkan . 2) permainan tradisional  sangat efektif untuk memberikan stimulus pada peserta didik untuk peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik. Kurikulum Tahun 2013 yang mengedepankan penilaian proses dan hasil nyata maka permainan tradisional sangat membantu dalam peningkatan kemampuan servis bawah bola voli.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI LINGKARAN DENGAN MENERAPKAN DISCOVERY LEARNING
Authors: Rubiyati Rubiyati
Published: June 2022

Berdasarkan latar belakang masalah yang telah diuraikan di atas, maka dapat diidentifikasikan beberapa masalah sebagai berikut : siswa kurang mampu menguasai pembelajaran Matematika kelas VI semester genap SD Negeri Tlogosari Kulon 03. Dari 40 anak hanya 16 anak (40,00%) yang mencapai KKM. Upaya guru untuk meningkatkan kemampuan hasil belajar Matematika materi “Lingkaran” dengan menggunakan Discovery Learning pada siswa kelas VI semester genap SD Negeri Tlogosari Kulon 03 Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis PTK (penelitian tindakan kelas), dilaksanakan di SD Negeri Tlogosari Kulon 03 Kecamatan Pedurungan, Kota Semarang pada bulan Oktober – November 2019. Subjek penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah: siswa Kelas VI yang berjumlah 40 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Pembelajaran dengan menggunakana Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada Materi “Lingkaran”  pelajaran Matematika Kelas VI di SD Negeri Tlogosari Kulon 03 Kec. Pedurungan Kota Semarang yang ditandai dengan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu prasiklus  63,50; siklus I rata-rata 72,70 dan siklus II rata-rata 82,10; (2) Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa pada Materi “Lingkaran”  pelajaran Matematika Kelas VI di SD Negeri Tlogosari Kulon 03 Kec. Pedurungan Kota Semarang  yang ditandai dengan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu prasiklus 40,00%; pada sikus I meningkat menjadi 62,50% dan siklus II mencapai 87,50%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu hasil belajar dan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam pelajaran Matematika pada materi “Lingkaran” dapat meningkat menerapkan Discovery Learning siswa kelas VI Semester 1 SD Negeri Tlogosari Kulon 03 Kecamatan Pedurungan Kota Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.
In Situ and Satellite-based Estimates of Cloud Properties and Aerosol-Cloud Interactions over the Southeast Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Gupta Siddhant , McFarquhar Greg M. , O'Brien Joseph R. , Poellot Michael R. , Delene David J. , Chang Ian , Gao Lan , Xu Feng , Redemann Jens
Published: June 2022

Abstract. In situ cloud probe data from the NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) field campaign were used to estimate effective radius (Re), cloud optical thickness (τ), and cloud droplet concentration (Nc) for marine stratocumulus over the southeast Atlantic Ocean. The in situ Re, τ, and Nc were compared with co-located Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrievals of Re and τ, and MODIS derived Nc. For 145 cloud profiles, a MODIS retrieval was co-located with in situ data with a time gap of less than 1 hour. On average, the MODIS Re and τ (11.3 μm and 11.7) were 1.6 μm and 2.3 higher than the in situ Re and τ with Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) of 0.77 and 0.73, respectively. The average MODIS Nc (151.5 cm-3) was within 1 cm-3 of the average in situ Nc with R of 0.90. The 145 cloud profiles were classified into 67 contact profiles where aerosol concentration (Na) greater than 500 cm-3 was sampled within 100 m above cloud tops and 78 separated profiles where Na less than 500 cm-3 was sampled up to 100 m above cloud tops. Contact profiles had higher in situ Nc (by 88 cm-3), higher τ (by 2.5) and lower in situ Re (by 2.2 μm) compared to separated profiles. These differences were associated with aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) and MODIS estimates of the differences were within 5 cm-3, 0.5, and 0.2 μm of the in situ estimates when profiles with MODIS Re > 15 μm or MODIS τ > 25 were removed. The agreement between MODIS and in situ estimates of changes in Re, τ, and Nc associated with ACI was driven by low biases in MODIS retrievals of cloud properties across different aerosol regimes. Thus, when combined with estimates of aerosol location and concentration, MODIS retrievals of marine stratocumulus cloud properties over the southeast Atlantic can be used to study ACI over larger domains and longer timescales than possible using in situ data.
Importance of non-stationary analysis for assessing extreme sea levels under sea level rise
Authors: Baldan Damiano , Coraci Elisa , Crosato Franco , Ferla Maurizio , Bonometto Andrea , Morucci Sara
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Coastal flooding caused by extreme sea levels (ESLs) is one of the major impacts related to the climate change. It is expected to increase in the future due to sea level rise and storm surge intensification. Estimates of return levels obtained under the framework provided by extreme events theory might be biased under climatic non-stationarity. Additional uncertainty is related to the choice of the model. In this work, we fit several extreme values models to a long-term (96 years) sea level record from the city of Venice (NW Adriatic Sea, Italy): a Generalized Extreme Value distribution (GEV), a Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD), a Point Process (PP), and the Joint Probability Method (JPM) under different detrending strategies. We model non-stationarity with a linear dependence of the model’s parameters from the mean sea level. Our results show that non-stationary GEV and PP models fit the data better than stationary models even with detrended data. The non-stationary PP model is able to reproduce the rate of extremes occurrence fairly well. Actualized estimates of the return levels for non-stationary models are generally higher than estimates from stationary models. Thus, projections of return levels in the future might be significantly different from those calculated using stationary models. Overall, we show that non-stationary extremes analyses can provide more robust estimates of return levels to be used in coastal protection planning.
Reconstructed daily ground-level O3 in China over 2005–2021 for climatological, ecological, and health research
Authors: Zhou Chenhong , Wang Fan , Guo Yike , Liu Cheng , Ji Dongsheng , Wang Yuesi , Xu Xiaobin , Lu Xiao , Wang Yan , Carmichael Gregory , Gao Meng
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Accompanied by the continuous declines of PM2.5, O3 pollution has become increasingly prominent and has been targeted by the Government of China to protect climate, ecosystem, and human health. Although satellite retrievals of column O3 have been operated for decades and nationwide monitoring of ground-level O3 has been offered since 2013 in China, climatological variability of ground-level O3 remains unknown, which impedes understanding of the long-term driver and impacts of O3 pollution in China. Here we develop an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model integrating high-resolution meteorological data, satellite retrievals of trace gases, etc. to provide reconstructed daily ground-level O3 over 2005–2021 in China. Model validation confirms the robustness of this dataset, with R2 of 0.89 for sample-based cross-validation. The accuracy of the long-term variations has also been confirmed with independent historical observations covering the same period from urban, rural and background sites. Our dataset covers the long time period of 2005–2021 with 0.1°×0.1° gap-free grids, which can facilitate climatological, ecological, and health research. The dataset is freely available at Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/record/6507706#.Yo8hKujP13g; Zhou, 2022).
Gulf Stream and interior western boundary volume transport as key regions to constrain the future North Atlantic Carbon Uptake
Authors: Goris Nadine , Johannsen Klaus , Tjiputra Jerry
Published: June 2022

Abstract. As one of the major carbon sinks in the global ocean, the North Atlantic is a key player in mediating the ongoing global warming. However, projections of the North Atlantic carbon sink in a high-CO2 future are highly uncertain due to greatly varying model results. A previous study analysed an ensemble of 11 CMIP5-models and identified two indicators of contemporary model behavior that are highly correlated with a model´s projected future carbon-uptake in the North Atlantic: (i) the high latitude winter pCO2sea-anomaly, which is tightly linked to winter mixing and nutrient supply and (ii) the fraction of the anthropogenically altered carbon-inventory stored below 1000 m depth, indicating the efficiency of dissolved inorganic carbon transport into and within the deep ocean. Both relationships build so-called emergent constraints, where observed contemporary indicators can be used to improve future North Atlantic carbon sink estimates.  In this study, we apply a genetic algorithm to optimize these emergent relationships by constraining the spatial extent of the indicators, i.e. to identify key regions that maximise the cross-correlations between the indicators and the future carbon uptake. We pre-define the shape of the desired regions as (i) rectangles and ellipses of different sizes for the first surface-2D indicator and (ii) cuboids and ellipsoids of different volumes for the second water column-3D indicator. Independent on shape and size, the genetic algorithm persistently identifies the Gulf Stream region as optimal for the first indicator as well as the pathway of the broad interior southward volume transport for the second indicator. This is further confirmed with high correlations between the North Atlantic future carbon uptake and volume transport values extracted for the central latitudes and depths of these optimal regions. Though the importance of volume transport for the carbon uptake is well known, our results go beyond traditional knowledge and identify which depth-ranges and latitudes of this volume transport are consistently of importance across the multi-model ensemble. Our study shows that regional optimisations of emergent constraint can isolate key drivers responsible for multi-model spread and furthermore provide information on where observations are most crucial to constrain future projections. Moreover, a comparison of the model performance in the identified key regions and the large-scale North Atlantic indicates that models whose mean values are in good agreement with observations within one key area do not necessarily perform well when looking at another key area. This hampers the applicability of emergent constraints and highlights the need to additionally evaluate spatial model features.
URANOS v1.0 – the Ultra Rapid Adaptable Neutron-Only Simulation for Environmental Research
Authors: Köhli Markus , Schrön Martin , Zacharias Steffen , Schmidt Ulrich
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The understanding of neutron transport by Monte-Carlo simulations led to major advancements towards precise interpretation of measurements. URANOS (Ultra Rapid Neutron-Only Simulation) is a free software package, which has been developed in the last years in a cooperation of Particle Physics and Environmental Sciences, specifically for the purposes of cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS). Its versatile user interface and input/output scheme tailored for CRNS applications offers hydrologists a straightforward access to model individual scenarios and to directly perform advanced neutron transport calculations. The geometry can be modeled layerwise, whereas in each layer a voxel geometry is extruded using a two-dimensional map from pixel images representing predefined materials and allowing to construct objects on the basis of pixel graphics without a 3D editor. It furthermore features predefined cosmic-ray neutron spectra and detector configurations and allows also a replication of important site characteristics of study areas – from a small pond to the catchment scale. The simulation thereby gives precise answers to questions like: From which location do neutrons originate? How do they propagate to the sensor? What is the neutron response to certain environmental changes? In recent years, URANOS has been successfully employed by a number of studies, for example, to calculate the cosmic-ray neutron footprint, signals in complex geometries like mobile applications on roads, urban environments and snow patterns.