bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sturdy and modular concept of 2 in 1 public furniture design by recycling massive plastic waste
Authors: Priandika B S , Kuswanto D , Zulaikha E
Published: February 2021

A large amount of plastic waste in Indonesia has not been properly managed. From this phenomenon a solution is needed, namely creating a product made from plastic waste to reduce the massive amount of available plastic waste. The product that is potentially high to be developed and can make use of large amounts of plastic waste is public furniture. Considering the use of public furniture will be managed by the local government, the condition of the waste recycled products will be easier to preserve. To develop the plastic waste-based public furniture, a few procedures were carried out, such as observations to city parks, conducting interviews with the local government and with a plastic recycling company, studying the plastic physical properties, conducting experiments on the plastic waste treatment, benchmarking furniture that utilizes plastic waste, and analyzing park visitor activity. From the obtained data, an analysis of material selection was carried out based on the fulcrum strength and resistance to crack and weather. After that, the exploration of forms was carried out with the criteria of modular, sturdy, multi-configuration, and unity. The result of this study is the design of 2 in 1 public furniture (park bench and planter) which consists of 3 modules that can be arranged according to needs. One set of modules weighs 17 kgs.
The logistics system planning for red onion: case study of Sulawesi and Maluku Islands
Authors: Buana I G N S , Mustakim A , Widayanti H , Devintasari D V , Wuryaningrum P , Hadi F
Published: February 2021

Red onion is a horticultural product produced in several regions of Java Island. This commodity only grows in certain seasons where the production time of one region to other regions is different. The lack of logistics design makes traders from producing regions unable to deliver it to demanded areas due to inappropriate selection of transportation combination and its schedule. This increases its distribution cost in Sulawesi Island and Maluku regions. This research aims to plan a red onion logistics system distribution for West Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, Gorontalo, North Sulawesi, Maluku and North Maluku, by taking into account the production location based on the onion harvest time, combination of shipping method, ship type, scheduling and quality so it will arrive on time with maintained quality. The logistic system is designed by using an optimization method to obtain optimal transportation modes and minimum unit costs. The optimization results show that the most suitable shipment is to use container ship owned by private shipping company, either in full container load (FCL) or in less container load (LCL). The average logistics costs to Sulawesi Island and Maluku Region are IDR 3,037/kg (USD 0.21/kg) and IDR 2,296/kg (USD 0.16/kg), respectively. These are 31% and 27% lower than the previous values, while the average damage rates are 4% and 5%, 6% and 5% lower than before.
Packaging development study for archipelagic sea transportation
Authors: Ardhi E W , Yunianto I T , Rahadi S J A , Blessing F , Achmadi T , Permana C B S , Mustakim A
Published: February 2021

Reliable multimodal transportation system is absolutely necessary to maintain connectivity in a large archipelagic country such as Indonesia. A good multimodal transportation system is needed to distribute basic needs from Java Island especially to other regions in the country. With the government program “Sea Toll”, 20-ft containers are widely used to deliver basic needs. However, due to the limitations of existing infrastructure, container distribution cannot always reach the final destination (door to door service). Therefore, it is important to analyze the possibility of packaging development for multimodal transportation to enhance the efficiency of operational and cost aspects. In this respect a research has been conducted by considering the H-1 and T-5 route of Sea Toll program 2019, as well as the Pioneering ship R-33 route 2019 with the destination of Essang Port for study case. This research was conducted using a comparative method of operational and financial performance from 10 scenarios. These 10 scenarios are applied to the same route with different packaging alternatives. Where 1 packaging type is the existing packaging, 6 packaging types are from the previous research, and 3 packaging types are the new design. Results of this research suggest the combination of 20-ft container with packaging Design-1 is the best scenario. Compared to the 20-ft container only, combination of 20-ft container with packaging Design-1 can save 37.58% of logistics costs, 49.24% of repositioning costs and 19.35% of shipping time. However, for the opportunity cost, combination of 20-ft container with packaging Design-1 requires IDR 350,000 (USD 24.6) higher than the 20-ft container only.
The characteristic, performance, accessibility, and prediction of cargo handling in Probolinggo New Terminal Port
Authors: Priyambodo  , Sutanto S H
Published: February 2021

This study is designed to evaluate the two years of operation of the Probolinggo New Terminal Port. Meanwhile, the objective is to acknowledge the characteristics, performance, accessibility, and prediction of its loading and unloading of goods. In order to achieve it, it needs to acknowledge the characteristics of the port, prediction or projection of the ships traffic volume, and goods by using linear regression analysis and qualitative descriptive statistics. The findings show that the characteristics of the port have not yet become a pilotage compulsory port. The port infrastructures are already adequate. The capacity of the Probolinggo New Terminal Port is still categorized as small. The types of boat that load and unload the goods comprise of barges, motorized sailing vessels, motorized sailing boats, and ships. The volume of ship calls and volume of goods loading and unloading at the Probolinggo New Terminal Port are very fluctuating and unstable. The internal accessibility from and to the Probolinggo New Terminal Port is very good and easy, however, for external, there is an obstacle in the area of Klakah. The prediction or projection of ship calls and goods loading and unloading are increased. To the Probolinggo New Terminal Port, it is recommended to improve the port infrastructure and to immediately maximize the role of port information so that the users can be informed about the port’s profile and all facilities of goods loading and unloading.
Air transportation and its role for islands connectivity in supporting regional development
Authors: Ahyudanari E
Published: February 2021

Air transportation plays important role in connectivity among islands and remote area in Indonesia. The presidential decree regulates the distance between airport and other airports. This decree statements drive the government to follow. The problem raise when the approval of the selection of airport location leads to unattractive business either for airlines or passengers. This paper aims to review the decree through comprehensive literature review. The competition between airports is discussed through rigorous insight into the current day complexities, synergies, and potential conflicts present within the relationship between the airport location and its user. This issue is then brought to bigger perspective in discussing potential development through the availability of airport facilities in remote area. The reviews provide the variables considered in building the regional connectivity.
Dynamic modelling and controlling Unmanned Surface Vehicle
Authors: Setiawan F A , Kadir R E A , Gamayanti N , Santoso A , Bilfaqih Y , Hidayat Z
Published: February 2021

Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) is vessel that can move without human to control. USV is capable of moving using the thrust force and can maneuver using the deflection angle of rudder. USV has a 6-degree of freedom which are non-linear system that can be approached with the 3-degrees of freedom. The purpose of dynamic modeling of USV is to achieve the models and parameters of real USV. Non-linear least square Levenberg-Marquardt method can be applied to estimate USV model as a non-linear system. The purpose of controlling USV is to set the surge velocity and the yaw-rate so that the USV movement can be controlled. Proportional integral controller can be used to manipulate the velocity and to accelerate the response speed of the USV’s velocity. Parameters validation results show that the dynamic modeling methods could generate the parameters nearly equal to the true parameters. This is evidenced by the relatively small RMSE value in x-axis acceleration, y-axis acceleration, and yaw-axis acceleration. The result of controller testing illustrate that the designed controller can adjust the surge velocity and yaw-rate and fit the time constant controller design specification. Further, the testing show that the responses have zero steady state errors.
Unbalanced load analysis on closed bus electrical system of ship’s dynamic positioning in a laboratory scale
Authors: Sarwito S , Semin  , Zaman M B , Soedibyo  , Makarim R A
Published: February 2021

Dynamic positioning system is a system that maintains floating offshore structures and ships their position on a certain coordinate that the have been prearranged. The dynamic positioning system uses thrusters, which require additional power. As a consequence the fuel consumption is increasing. In the installation of a dynamic positioning system, the configuration of a split bus is usually applied. As of lately, there are a lot of concern in changing to a closed bus configuration because theoretically the system will have high efficiency and low emission. An analysis is performed to observe the condition of unbalance voltage of dynamic positioning system of a ship by modelling in a laboratory scale system. Several scenarios and variations are used to see the condition of the unbalance. The system modelling results in 220V∠0°, 218V∠-113.7°, 218V∠123.18° for scenario 1 variation 1, 220V∠0°, 220V∠-120°, 218∠120° for scenario 2 variation 1, and lastly 219∠0°, 220∠-120°, 220∠120° for scenario 3 variation 1. The highest unbalance condition happens on scenario 1 variation 3 with a PVUR of 0.78%.
Arduino and SMS gateway-based for ships emergency information system
Authors: Pramana R , Nusyirwan D , Prayetno E , Nugraha S , Hendrikson D
Published: February 2021

One of the factors hampering aid to ship accidents is the assistance that comes does not match the type of accident on the ship. No navigation device that is able to identify the type and position of the accident is the cause of inappropriateness in providing emergency assistance. The purpose of this study is to develop a device that could provide information on the type of emergency and the latitude and longitude positions during an emergency. This emergency information system uses GPS devices Neo 6MV2 to determine the coordinates of the accident and SIM900A. To send the type of emergency identified through four (4) push buttons. Red push button for fire, yellow for collision, green for leakage and flooding, and blue for ship grounding. The device is equipped with LED indicator according to the color push button to indicate the type of emergency on the ship. The results of reading the push button will be processed using the Arduino Mega. Latitude and longitude coordinates are displayed on the LCD. As an indicator of sending the ship's emergency information message, the buzzer is used and the information delivery time is 5:32 seconds on average.
Risk assessment of aging offshore jacket platform group: a case study on “B” Field platforms
Authors: Riyanto R D , Helvacioglu I H , Murdjito M , Djatmiko E B , Sambodho K , Syahroni N , Wardhana W , Mulyadi Y , Handayanu  , Prastianto R W
Published: February 2021

Offshore jacket platforms are designed to fulfil their intended purpose in oil and gas exploitation at designated service life periods. During the operational development, a number of field operators extend their platform service life if the reserves are still available. This technical paper proposes the method to assess the structural integrity of several aging platforms in a field with a simplified approach. Taking the case of “B” Field platforms installed in the mid-1990s, the detailed procedure and example are discussed thoroughly. Five indicators furnished with quantification procedures are also presented to propose the ranking methodology. This paper also proposes the method of jacket platforms grouping based on several similarity criteria. The results of this approach can be used as a baseline for more detailed structural integrity assessment for each group representation.
Mapping the Spread of Covid-19 in Asia Using Data Mining X-Means Algorithms
Authors: Arminarahmah N , GS A Daengs , Bhawika G W , Dewi M P , Wanto A
Published: February 2021

Until now, Covid-19 is a phenomenal problem faced by almost all over the world, especially countries on the Asian continent. Not only causing casualties, but this virus also affects the wheels of the country’s economy. The purpose of this paper is to view and map the spread of the Covid-19 virus in Asia based on Total Cases, Total Deaths, Total Cured and Active Cases from 49 Countries. The research data in this paper were obtained from the Worldometer website sourced from WHO, CDC, NHC and others. In this proposed paper, the algorithm used is X-Means Clustering with the help of Rapidminer. The results of this proposed paper are in the form of grouping or mapping the spread of the Covid-19 virus in Asia which is divided into 4 zones, including the Red Zone (the number of active cases of Covid -19 and the death rate is very high) which consists of 1 country, the Orange Zone (number of cases active covid -19 and the mortality rate is quite high) consisting of 1 countries, the Yellow Zone (active case rate of Covid -19 and moderate mortality) consisting of 39 countries, and the Blue Zone (active case rate of covid -19 and low mortality rate) which consists of 8 countries.
Utilization of the Batch Training Method for Predicting Natural Disasters and Their Impacts
Authors: R Ginantra N L W S , Hanafiah M A , Wanto A , Winanjaya R , Okprana H
Published: February 2021

Indonesia is one of the countries that often experiences natural disasters, including earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, etc. All of this causes losses, both casualties, Broken, and Anguishing for the population. Based on this, this paper is proposed, which aims to predict natural disasters in the coming years in Indonesia, casualties, Broken, and their consequences. This paper is an extension of previous research, which is still an architectural model to predict Indonesia’s natural disasters and their impacts. Model 4-10-1 is the best in this study, which produces 91% accuracy. Based on this architectural model, this paper will predict natural disasters that occur and their impacts for the years to come in Indonesia. The research dataset and algorithms used remain the same, namely the natural disaster dataset for 2008-2019. Resourced from its National Emergency Management Department and the Batch Training algorithm. Specifically, the results of this proposed paper are in the form of a prediction of natural disasters that will occur, dead and disappear, injured, Anguishing and displaced, houses severely Broken, moderately Broken, lightly Broken to submerged, and Broken to facilities and infrastructure such as health facilities, facilities. worship and educational facilities.
Electronic Participation Technology Adoption Model in Indonesia: The Role of Gamification Impact
Authors: Napitupulu D , Adiyarta K , Windihastuty W , Fatimah T
Published: February 2021

This study aims to propose a conceptual model in the context of e-participation technology adoption. This research develops the UTAUT base-line model with several constructs, namely Insecurity and Gamification. The impact of gamification to increase user participation is not widely known, especially regarding the acceptance of e-participation. The method used is a literature study related to several best practice models such as UTAU, TRI and gamification constructs. The results showed a total of 7 constructs and 6 hypotheses proposed in this study. All these constructs are performance performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, insecurity, gamification impact and behavioral intention to use. The implication of this research is that the lack of public participation in digital platforms can be increased through redesign of e-participation by applying the gamification approach.
CrackWeb : A modified U-Net based segmentation architecture for crack detection
Authors: Ghosh Sandeep , Singh Subham , Maity Amit , Maity Hirak Kumar
Published: February 2021

Classical image processing methods demands heavy feature engineering, as well as they are not that precise, when it comes to manual extraction of relevant features in real life scenarios amid to various lighting conditions and other factors.Thus, detection of cracks using methods based on classical image processing techniques fails to provide satisfactory results always. Hence, we have proposed a deep convolutional neural network, that is not based on manual extraction of features as mentioned above. We proposed a modified U-Net architecture, and replaced all of its convolutional layers with residual blocks, inspired from the ResNet architecture. For evaluation of our model Dice Loss is used as our objective function and F1 score as a metric. Other than that, for better convergence and optimization, a learning rate scheduler and AMSGRAD optimizer was utilized.
Study of the Reality on Electric Vehicle in Indian Scenario
Authors: Kar Bappaditya , Pal Tarun Kanti , Bhattacharyya Suvanjan
Published: February 2021

In this work, the estimation of the actual CO2 emission of a conventional IC engine vehicle and an electric vehicle have been studied in different phases and those vehicles are in same segmented also. How much time it would be taken in order to convert an electric vehicle in to a Green Vehicle (GV) also been studied. In our work, we compare two similar SUV’s in there same segment one is Electric Vehicle (EV) and another is conventional IC Engine Vehicle (ICV). Both the cars have very similar power output; torque and design in there segment. Although there are many options of fast charging, long refuelling or recharging time is a major problem of the EV but this is not our concern study. In science each and every innovation has one good and a bad side, and there is no exception about the EVs also.
Feeble ferromagnetism and double relaxation mechanism in Bi0.42Ho0.28Ba0.24Ca0.06Fe0.7Ti0.3O3 ceramics
Authors: Chakrabarti Chiranjib , Yuan Songliu , Fu Qingshan , Das Anirban
Published: February 2021

The structural, magnetic, and dielectric studies on Bi0.42Ho0.28Ba0.24Ca0.06Fe0.7Ti0.3O3 ceramics present some exciting outcomes. An XRD based structural study shows that the ceramics hold an ABO3-type perovskite network. Room-temperature MH-hysteresis study detected the trace of ferromagnetism in the ceramics. The temperature-dependent dielectric study exhibits that a double relaxation mechanism is engaged for a wide range of temperature and frequency.
Anodic oxidation of sodium formate and methanol on Pd and Pt electrodes in alkali: a comparative study
Authors: Bera Kamal Kanti , Chakraborty Malay , Bhattacharya Swapan Kumar
Published: February 2021

Formate and methanol oxidation reaction (FOR and MOR)s are compared at room temperature on Pd and Pt electrodes in alkali. The onset potential and tafel slope for FOR on Pd are less by 0.203 V and 0.481 Vdec−1 than these on Pt electrode. The peak current densities on Pd are 15.8 and 144 times greater than that on Pt in MOR and FOR respectively. The greater catalytic activity of Pd in FOR is supported by the greater formation of carbonate as obtained from IR spectroscopic and chromatographic investigation of products. The equilibrium exchange current density on Pd for FOR and MOR are 52.3 and 2.3 times of the corresponding data on Pt electrode. Despite methanol provides greater steady current than formate, the latter is better fuel particularly on Pd electrode in respect to formation of carbonate and power development.
Machining alumina plates using abrasive jet of silicon carbide
Authors: Adak D K , Dutta P , Das S , Haldar B
Published: February 2021

The abrasive jet machining (AJM) is used in many engineering applications including brittle material machining and finishing, surface preparation of the metal for welding and thermal spray coatings, etc. In this process, fine grain abrasive particles are given high speed through carrier gas which is directed to impinge on a target surface to be machined. The high kinetic energy of the abrasive particles is responsible to erode materials from the surface. In this work, three input cutting parameters such as abrasive flow rate, abrasive grain size, and stand-off distance (SOD) are chosen to experiment on 99.7% pure alumina plate of 4 mm thickness, using silicon carbide (SiC) abrasive. Material removal rate (MRR) and nozzle wear rate are the output responses that are to be investigated using response surface methodology, keeping working pressure constant at 6 kgf/cm2 throughout.
Studies on Al-MWCNT MMC surface coating on Aluminium substrates through friction surfacing process
Authors: Sreenu A V , Revathi M , Sukeerthi G Ramya , Maheswari B
Published: February 2021

In this study, Aluminium-Multi Wall Carbon Nano Tube (Al-MWCNT) metal matrix composite surface coating was fabricated by using solid state friction surfacing technique on Al substrate. The influence of process parameters on the coating dimensions, integrity and hardness was examined. The optical microscopy studies revealed that the coating integrity with the substrate is good with Trial-2 parameters i.e RPM 2500, Axial Load 700Kg and Traverse Speed 6mm/s. Grain refining due to the dynamic recrystallization was observed in the coating microstructure. XRD studies revealed that the MW-CNTs were distributed in to the coating and no detrimental intermetallic compounds were formed between Al matrix and MW-CNTs except Al4C3. The Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies reveals that the Al metal was severely deformed before forming the coating which is evident from the flow lines. It is further confirmed from the SEM studies that the MW-CNTs were dispersed uniformly within the coating and the nano size was retained in the coating without significant coarsening.
Unsteady development of Marangoni convection in a sidewall moving open cavity
Authors: Biswas Nirmalendu , Datta Aparesh , Mandal D. K. , Manna Nirmal K.
Published: February 2021

In this study, simultaneous effect of free, forced and Marangoni convection on fluid flow and heat transfer in a sidewall moving open cavity is investigated. The cavity is filled with low Prandtl number fluid (Pr = 0.054); such a situation can be find in the application of liquid metal and semiconductor melts. Free convection is induced due to the heating of fluid from the bottom of the cavity. Forced convection is originated due to the translation of the sidewalls either in upward or downward direction. Whereas, the Marangoni convection is generated in the upper portion of the fluid due to imposed temperature gradient along the top free surface. The transient phenomena of the combined effects are analyzed numerically in dimensionless forms utilizing an in-house CFD code. The analyses are conducted under different pertinent parameters such as Marangoni number, Biot number, Reynolds number and Richardson number. The study is conducted to explore the flow-field structures and heat transfer characteristics in the presence of three convection modes with their relative strengths.
A Numerical experimentation on fluid flow and heat transfer in a SCPP
Authors: Mandal D. K. , Goswami P. , Pradhan S. , Chakraborty R. , Khan N. A. , Bose P.
Published: February 2021

Solar chimney power plant (SCPP) is a promising unit of power generation from renewable energy source in near future. Apart from climatic conditions, the performance of the unit depends on design parameters of plant. To understand the performance of the unit, fluid flow and heat transfer study is essential throughout the unit. In present work, a numerical study has been conducted to see the effect of inlet area on the performance of the unit through fluid flow and heat transfer. Numerical solutions of the steady turbulent flow are carried out by commercial software Fluent. A finite volume method has been employed to solve the governing equations. It is revealed that the considered plant having inlet height of 5cm performs better than that of having the inlet height10cm.
Effect of partial magnetic field on thermo gravitational convection in an inclined cavity
Authors: Chatterjee Deep , Manna Nirmal K. , Mandal Dipak Kumar , Biswas Nirmalendu
Published: February 2021

The study presented gives a succinct overview of the effect of partially applied magnetic field on natural convective heat transfer in a differentially heated inclined cavity. The left and right sidewalls are differentially heated such that their temperatures are maintained (at T

h
and T

c
respectively), while the top and bottom walls have been assumed to be adiabatic, such that heat transfer through those walls can be neglected. The results are supposed to elucidate the effect of changing Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), and cavity inclination angle (f ) on the thermo-fluid phenomena. The analysis is carried out numerically utilizing finite volume based computing code. The results have been demonstrated in the form of streamlines, isotherms, and average Nusselt number. From the analysis, it is found that the flow structure and associated heat transfer characteristics are severely influenced by the studied range of governing parameters.
THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF DOWNDRAFT BIOMASS GASIFIER TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE USING DIFFERENT FEEDSTOCK
Authors: Das Sampad Kumar , Roy P. C.
Published: February 2021

In the present paper, effect of gasification temperature on gasification process in a downdraft gasifier using different biomass feedstock has been examined. An equilibrium model of the downdraft biomass gasifier has been developed to carry out the study. The model has been validated with experimental results. The producer gas yield has been analysed by using stoichiometric equilibrium model. The lower heating value (LHV) calculation has been done for different biomass with respect to temperature. It has been observed that the hydrogen production rate and CO production rate increases with respect to increase in temperature. On the other hand the Methane production decreases with increase in temperature. The lower heating value (LHV) for the studied sample has been observed to decrease with respect to the increase in gasification temperature.
Analysis of nanofluid based natural convection in a square cavity applying corner heating and cooling
Authors: Saha Abhinav , Ghosh Koushik , Manna Nirmal K.
Published: February 2021

The present investigation aims at the numerical analysis of natural convection in a square cavity. The cavity is filled with nanofluid using water as the base fluid and Al2O3 as nanoparticles. The investigation is carried out in a square cavity with corner heating and cooling. The numerical simulations are performed using a finite volume method. The average Nusselt number is calculated for a wide range of Rayleigh number from 104 to 106 keeping solid volume fraction of nanoparticle fixed at 0.04. The details of flow and heat transfer for various cases are analyzed using the contour of streamlines and isotherms.
Optimum Load in Vickers Microhardness Testing of Treated Magnesium Alloy by Thermal Oxidation
Authors: Lutiyatmi  , Sutiyoko  , Afandi Ridwan
Published: February 2021

Magnesium and its alloy have good properties as biomedical implant such as biodegradable material and excellent biocompatibility. Their hardness is an important mechanical property in using of these materials. Vickers microhardness is one of hardness testing methods in metal materials especially for thin layer on the metal. Mass of microhardness testing load also has important effect on result validity. The object of this research is to investigate optimum load in Vickers microhardness testing of magnesium alloy treated by thermal oxidation. Magnesium alloy AZ61 was treated by annealing at 150; 225; 300; 375; 450 °C of temperature. Vickers microhardness testing was carried out on this treated material using 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 g of load. Five data for both each load and temperature, therefore there are 25 data for each load. Optimum load is determined the load which has lowest standard deviation in Vickers microhardness. The optimum load in this research was happened at 10 g in load of Vickers microhardness testing. The Vickers microhardness in this load was 36.0 g.mm-2 and the standard deviation was 2.7 g.mm-2.
Features of art and design schools on the example of the southern Federal and Riga technical universities
Authors: Mokina A Y , Mokina A Yu , Andra Ulme
Published: February 2021

The article examines the issues of modern pedagogical science in the field of art and design activities on the example of universities in Russia and Latvia. A comparative analysis of approaches to the formation of creative skills for students while working on creative projects in the field of design, decorative and applied arts is performed. The main criteria for evaluating the final students’ results when working on art and design projects are also identified, as far as these criteria are similar or different depending on the region, province and countries where educational activities are conducted to prepare the designers and artists of decorative and applied arts. The novelty of this research is the choice of art and design areas for training specialists and a comparative analysis of two schools design methodology: in Latvia and Russia. The results are the analysis tasks of the research problem, namely, how different the students creative process is depending on the region or not stand out at all, if the teachers‘ criteria in grading art projects of future specialists are different, whether the quality of the students‘ professional training in the field of artistic and design activities differs in Latvia and Russia on the example of two Universities: Riga Technical University and Southern Federal University.
Three-layer composite panel with discrete layer and bionic principles
Authors: Mayatskaya I A , Yazyev B M , Eremin V D
Published: February 2021

A very interesting direction in bionics, which uses the properties of natural, complex in design structures. The purpose of these studies is to increase strength, thermal insulation and sound insulation by changing the shape and thickness of the intermediate layer and using composite materials in a lamellar structure.
The individual components‘ influence on aging of bitumen mineral materials
Authors: Salikhov M G , Veyukov E V , Vainshtein V M , Malianova L I
Published: February 2021

When heating bitumen-mineral mixtures at high temperatures under the air access conditions, their accelerated aging is observed, i.e. the values and quality indicators‘ decrease of the compacted samples from them. Due to the different structure of bitumen films on the mineral components‘ surfaces of different compositions and sizes, aging processes may occur in different ways. In this regard, a need for a differentiated study of the aging process on the surfaces of large fine aggregates and the crushed part of the bitumen-mineral (asphalt concrete) mixture arose. The experiments in laboratory conditions are carried out according to the Volga State Technological University developed at the Department of Construction Technologies and Automobiles (according to RF patent No. 2654954). The aging processes analysis of the samples from bitumen-mineral mixtures is carried out using the dimensionless aging coefficient in terms of the ultimate compressive strength at +50 °C. The nature and dynamics of the samples‘ aging over time are assessed using special indicators - the aging coefficient and the aging intensity. As a result of the experimental study, the optimal ratios of bitumen with mineral components, taking into account their susceptibility to aging over time, were established. The changes‘ dynamics in the bitumen aging intensity in time in the bitumen-mineral mixture as a whole and separately on the mineral components‘ surfaces separately has been studied. The results of this study can be taken into account when revising the standard service life values of the roads with structural layers of bitumen-mineral materials.
Investigation of the technological factors‘ influence on the formation of the repair compositions‘ properties
Authors: Serebryanaya I A , Shlyakhova E A , Egorochkina I O , Serdyukova A V , Sarkisyan R G
Published: February 2021

Power transmission lines (PTL) belong to strategic facilities, on the reliability of which the life support of the country depends. Most of the currently operated PTLs were put into operation in the twentieth century, and now there is a problem of assessing their technical condition, repairing, if necessary, and maintaining them in working order. The defects appeared during the operation of PTL reinforced concrete elements have different localization and manifestation degree, but destruction of the concrete surface layer with reinforcement exposure is a characteristic, more often at the base of the PTL frame. The aim of the work is to select the optimal composition of the repair mortar based on non-shrinking and expanding cements, ensuring reliable adhesion of the repair mortar to the concrete of the structure, which will allow restoring the bearing and operational characteristics in the repaired PTL reinforced concrete elements at the design level.
Technologies for creating directional orientation of fiber reinforcement in concrete
Authors: Mailyan L R , Shilov P A , Shilov A A
Published: February 2021

Information on the analysis of methods for creating directional orientation of steel fiber rodding of reinforced concrete structures is presented. The design of a mobile experimental setup for the manufacture of fiber-concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete linear elements with a directional orientation of steel fibers by mechanical means has been developed. The test results of the pilot plant are presented. The required dimensions of the bunker for the fiber-reinforced concrete mixture, the type of the leveling element and the method of increasing the fiber-reinforced concrete mobility during casing using a pilot unit have been determined. The creation of a directed orientation of fiber threads in fiber-reinforced concrete makes it possible to make the most of this material‘s advantages. Despite a sufficient number of theoretically possible ways to create a directional orientation of fibers in a concrete mixture, not all of them can be applied in real construction conditions. Also, a number of methods introduce additional difficulties into the concreting process, which can adversely affect the construction processes duration. The use of a mechanical method for creating a directional orientation of steel fiber reinforcement in concrete made it possible to obtain the desired result on a mixture already containing fiber threads, without the need for their separate laying. The optimal design of the mechanical element leveling and the features of the process of leveling steel fibers in concrete have been established.
Destruction of polymers under the action of laser radiation
Authors: Kunizhev B I , Torshkhoeva Z S , Zhelikhazhev R N , Starov A V
Published: February 2021

Laser ablation is one of the main mechanisms of polymers destruction under the action of laser radiation. In this paper, the basic information on laser ablation of polymers is presented. Under the action of laser radiation on the polymer, processes of thermal, thermo-oxidative, and mechanical degradation occur simultaneously, resulting in the evaporation of macromolecules fragments (up to oligomers), and in some cases, separation of polymer particles and filler by a gas or plasma jet is observed. In addition, a substance ablation is accompanied by a large number of concomitant effects: vapor condensation and liquid phase dispersion.
Free oscillations of a beam with installation (1st part)
Authors: Kulterbaev Kh P , Vodakhova V A , Baragunova L A , Shogenova M M , Tsipinova A Kh
Published: February 2021

The transverse oscillations of a beam carrying a discrete mass in a span are studied. The mathematical model of oscillations is presented as a boundary value problem from the main partial differential equation of the fourth order hyperbolic type in the spatial coordinate, of the second order in time, the boundary conditions and the conditions for the sections‘ conjugation. The technical theory of the rods bending oscillations, based on Bernoulli‘s hypothesis, is used. The spectral problem of determining the eigenvalues and eigenmodes of oscillations (the Sturm-Liouville problem), necessary for analyzing the problems of forced oscillations, is considered. It is argued that the solution by analytical methods is impractical due to the large volume of transformations and cumbersome calculations. Methods of separation of variables and finite differences are used. An algorithm for solving the problem, implemented in the Matlab software environment in the form of high-precision graphic-analytical calculations, is developed. The conclusions for practical applications of the results are made.
Methodological foundations for the system analysis principles application for modeling the phenomena of heat transfer in the technological cleaning process of tanks for oil products
Authors: Fedosov S V , Azovtsev A G , Syrbu S A
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the determination of the methodological foundations for the application of the system analysis principles for modeling the phenomena of heat transfer in the technological cleaning process of tanks for oil products. The article deals with the spontaneous combustion problem of pyrophoric deposits in oil and gas industry and a method for solving it using the principles of system analysis. The process of spontaneous combustion of pyrophoric deposits has several stages, therefore, decomposition of this process and further analysis of its structure are relevant. On the basis of a system analysis, the process stages of the pyrophoric deposits‘ spontaneous combustion have been determined and general and specific tasks have been formulated.
Modern architectural - planning, organizational, technological, constructive solutions at green roofing
Authors: Seferyan L A , Chubarov V E , Chubarova K V
Published: February 2021

The article discusses one of the most urgent problems of Russian cities - the lack of green areas in urban environment. In urbanization process with the growth of large cities and an increase in the population, the ecological state of the environment is transformed, and the concepts of “dwelling - environment” are also changed. One of the effective and rational steps towards solving the problem of the lack of green areas in Russian cities is the green roofs use. At the moment, there is a certain typology, as well as many different design solutions using modern building materials for the organization of green roofs. The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of roof gardening in detail, also considers the existing regulatory and legal framework governing their structure. Describes the functions of normative documentation on green roofs at all building life cycle stages.
Road incidents detecting
Authors: Feizullaev A R
Published: February 2021

Timely detection of traffic incidents largely determines the traffic management algorithms‘ effectiveness. To date, an accurate method for detecting road incidents has not been developed. As a result, different approaches to determine the incidents‘ duration are used. This paper observers currently available approaches to identifying road incidents and suggests dividing incidents into four stages: detection time, reaction time, clearance time and recovery time. Determining the impact degree of various factors on the incident duration is important for designing an efficient traffic management algorithm under incident conditions. Four-stage split can be used for developing an algorithm minimizing the incident duration as well as the time needed for road traffic recovering. The article presents the results of traffic flows‘ modelling, which makes it possible to estimate the road incidents‘ detection time as well.
Some aspects of the bridges‘ functional qualities restoration
Authors: Makarov A V , Kalinovsky S A , Ereshchenko T V , Pavlova M A
Published: February 2021

The paper considers the reasons for reducing the load-bearing capacity of bridge structures. Factors affecting the feasibility of major bridge repairs are identified and some ways of their implementation are analyzed. An improvement of one of the modern methods of repairing bridge beams – pasting them with carbon lamellas is proposed. The improvement essence is the use of a device for tensioning reinforcing belts and the proposal to use carbon fiber lamellas as puffs, similar to Sprengel puffs. The method consists in stretching the lamella along the lower edge of the beam edge and fixing it using the developed anchor, not by gluing.
Evolution of loading paths in a heterogeneous soil mass during the foundation pits’ construction
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Z G , Ter-Martirosyan A Z , Vanina Yu V
Published: February 2021

This article shows the construction of loading paths for the soil mass points using the example of a phased construction of the subway structure underground part. The solution to the problem was obtained by the finite element method using a PC PLAXIS 2D. The graphs of changes in the points’ stress state in coordinates p’/q are shown.
On the question of increasing the purification efficiency of flue gases from the boiler unit of HEPS Volzhsky automobile plant
Authors: Balandina O A , Puring S M , Vatuzov D N , Filatova E B
Published: February 2021

The paper considers the measures to suppress emissions of nitrogen and carbon oxides emitted during natural gas combustion, used on the VAZ heat electro-power station territory in Togliatti. The analysis of the quantitative distribution of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions for 2015 - 2019 has been carried out. The description of the process flow diagram of the gas-air duct of the TGME-464 boiler unit (KA No.12) is presented. The possibility of using the method of selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen and carbon oxides on the honeycomb ceramic catalyst surface is considered. The graphical dependences of the volumetric-mass air flow rates, flue gas fuel, specific flow and speed energy on the change in the heat load of the boiler unit are determined. The possibility of using a mathematical model for calculating the change in concentrations and along the length of the catalytic layer depending on the flue gas flow temperature is considered.
Automated monitoring systems for defects and damages of building structures and materials
Authors: Evtushenko S I , Lepikhova V A , Kuchumov M A , Scibin E G , Krachmalniy T A
Published: February 2021

The automated systems for monitoring defects and damages of building structures and materials are considered. The presented systems make it possible to obtain information on the building structures cracks and joints’ opening, the measurements of oscillation and shock acceleration, dynamic soil testing and defects control in composite materials. The “System for monitoring the state of cracks and joints of buildings and structures» is one of the presented systems. This system is necessary for collecting and transmitting information about the cracks and joints’ opening width of the building structures as well as environmental conditions, can be used when inspecting buildings and structures, as well as in automated systems for monitoring the buildings and structures’ technical condition. The modernization of the system sensor makes it possible to measure the humidity and temperature of the external environment and to determine the dependence of the crack opening width on weather conditions. The next element presented by the system is a sensor for measuring oscillation and shock acceleration, also based on an electrochemical principle of operation. The invention makes it possible to solve the problems of increasing the reliability of converting dynamic mechanical quantities into an electrical signal in a wide range of loads and frequencies. It can be used on the construction sites, for seismic measurements and experimental studies. Further, in the system under consideration, an element of which is a load cell sensor, designed to measure voltage in foundation soils, based on an electrochemical principle of action. Load cell allows performing dynamic soil tests, while the technical result is achieved in increasing the device reliability and the measurements accuracy. To determine the defects of composite materials, a non-destructive testing system based on the acoustic emission signals analysis is considered.
Research of abrasive properties separate dust to ensure the reliability of dusting systems in the production of building materials
Authors: Meskhi B Ch , Evtushenko A I , Sergina N M , Azarov V N
Published: February 2021

The intensive development of the infrastructure of large cities, which took place in the second half of the twentieth century, led to the fact that enterprises specializing in the production of building materials and products were in close proximity to urban residential areas. This determines an increase in the requirements for the efficiency and reliability of dust removal systems designed, as is known, to ensure the standardized quality of the air environment of settlements and industrial premises. The dust generated in the production of building materials, in many cases, has abrasive properties, which leads to accelerated wear of the elements of dust cleaning systems. The experience of using such systems shows that dust collectors, as well as shaped parts of air ducts (bends, tees, etc.), through which the dust and gas mixture is transported to dust collectors, are most susceptible to abrasion. Abrasive wear of dust collectors during operation leads to an increase in dust leakage into the atmospheric air into the air of the working area. During operation of a dust-cleaning unit under pressure, damage to the walls of the air ducts also leads to knocking out the transported dust. The supercritical wear of the elements of the dust removal system leads to its failure. The article presents some results of studies of the dust properties of building materials that determine the process of abrasive wear.
Mud stream formation conditions and mud stream hazardous areas of the Chechen Republic
Authors: Sergeeva G A , Adamyan V L , Marinchenko E V , Seferyan L A
Published: February 2021

Mud streams in the mountainous zone are formed almost everywhere in the Chechen Republic: on the northern slope of the Main Ridge and its spurs, the Skalisty, Pastbischny, Lesisty, Terskiy, Sunzhensky ranges and in the depressions between them. The conditions for the mud streams formation and mud stream hazardous regions of the Chechen Republic are determined by orographic tectonic-geomorphological, geological-lithological, soil-plant, anthropogenic and especially hydrometeorological conditions and affect the mud streams with their indicators. The variety and complexity of the relief, as well as the temperature regime, are used to predict the mud stream threat and develop anti-mud stream measures. The authors of the article provide the following indicators: air temperature regime, also values of average monthly and annual air temperatures, monthly values of vertical air temperature gradients in the Chechen Republic territory, changes in annual precipitation (mm) with terrain altitude above the sea level on the northern slope of the Eastern Caucasus, schematic map of orohydrography and mud stream channels of the Chechen Republic on a scale -1: 500,000.