bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Istota i dylematy funkcjonowania Bankowego Funduszu Gwarancyjnego w kontekście stabilności systemu bankowego
Authors: Czechowska Iwona Dorota
Published: March 2023

System guarantying deposits in Poland was created during the economy transformation. Its founding was resulted from a tough
situation in the bank sector, that is why it was supposed to be an antidotum to clients' problems connected with solvency of the collapsing
banks and also with adjusting to the European community law. The aim of this work is to present The Bank Guarantee Fund, an institution
belonging to a network of financial security, which main task is to protect the deponent’s interests and to secure the banking system's
stability. The work concerns some aspects of the growing interest in insurance systems for banks deposits and revived discussions on this
subject during crisis on bank markets. In reply on the crisis, which was started on credit market subprime in USA and then spread on other
segments of financial markets in other countries, the ECOFIN took a decision for increasing the obligatory guarantee limits for individual
persons and also for accelerating the payment of guaranteed means. The aim of above changes is to increase surety of clients and trust
to bank sector.
Charakterystyka wybranych zmian prawa emerytalnego
Authors: Nerka Arleta
Published: March 2023

The subject of this paper is to analyse the reconstruction of the pension system resulting from legislative changes introduced in 2011,
the most important being the transfer of part of pension contributions from the open pension fund (OFE) to a newly set up special subaccount
managed by the Social Insurance Institution, modifications in administrative regulation of open pension funds investment policy
and introduction of tax incentives for making additional savings for retirement purposes.
These transformations result from assumed financial goals such as reduction of public debt growth by reducing the cost of introducing
the second capital pillar in 1999. However, given the social importance of pension insurance the changes should be assessed against
assumptions of the pension reform of 1999 and constitutional principles.
Key words:
Cóż po pedagogice w ponowoczesności?
Authors: Śliwerski Bogusław
Published: March 2023

This article depicts five approaches to pedagogy, which can be recognized in the course of history: 1) Pedagogy as a philosophy
(science of man, paideia, educational anthropology), 2) pedagogy as an independent discipline of humanities, 3) pedagogy as a subject of
academic and vocational studies, 4) pedagogy as a subjective theory of education and 5) pedagogy as a community intellectual formation. I
am still looking for answers to the question, which of these approaches raises criticism or points to the evolution of educational sciences and
schooling as a helpful reflection for practitioners and new directions in researches.
Zastosowanie fenomenologii „moralnego wzlotu” Maxa Schelera do analizy przywództwa
Authors: Bombała Bronisław
Published: March 2023

Phenomenology of management seeks to grasp the essence of manager's work – its core is the analysis of leadership. Phenomenology
of leadership is an approach that makes the idea “to be someone – to do something” becomes the guiding principle of of management.
Max Scheler’s “moral flight” phenomenology is one of the most important inspiration in the analysis of leadership. His anthropology reveals
that being a man is in fact a continuing task that is impossible to take, and the result depends on the man himself. Scheler’s phenomenology
is a good way to discover the essence of leadership (eidos) in the process of culture change. This article presents a case study:
Ricardo Semler’s inner transformation, who might overcome the technocratic attitude and make the “moral flight”. The main inspiration for
him was a metaphor “builder of cathedrals”. As a result of his own inner transformation has become a “builder of cathedrals”,
such as a leader, who serves – it was a condition for conversion of others in the “cathedral builders”. As a result of the Semler's “moral
flight” their company was transformed in “cathedral builders” guild – community of work.
Problemy użytkowania orlików w miejskiej przestrzeni rekreacyjnej – przykład Częstochowy
Authors: Kapusta Armina , Wojtkiewicz Michał
Published: March 2023

Orliki, czyli ogólnodostępne kompleksy boisk ze sztuczną nawierzchnią, przeznaczone przede wszystkim dla dzieci i młodzieży, to obiekty, które pełnią zróżnicowane funkcje (m.in. edukacyjne, rekreacyjne, sportowe). W przestrzeni miejskiej rola orlików jest szczególna, istotne jest ich właściwe wykorzystanie, gdyż są one komplementarne lub konkurencyjne wobec innych obiektów sportowych i rekreacyjnych. Celem artykułu jest analiza funkcjonowania orlików w Częstochowie ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wpływu różnorodnych form dostępności oraz zagospodarowania na możliwości ich użytkowania. Przeprowadzone badania jakościowe, w tym inwentaryzacja, wywiady eksperckie, obserwacja czynna i bierna, umożliwiły także ocenę zależności między podejmowanymi aktywnościami a stanem obiektów w 2022 r. oraz zidentyfikowanie problemów związanych z ich utrzymaniem. W wyniku wykonanych analiz autorzy zaproponowali obszary w Częstochowie, które potencjalnie mogą zostać zagospodarowane na cele rozwoju infrastruktury sportowo-rekreacyjnej, oraz wskazali możliwości zmian w zarządzaniu obiektami, które mogą przyczynić się do optymalizacji ich wykorzystania i utrzymania w dobrym stanie.
semiótica das histórias em quadrinhos na reconstrução da memória oral
Authors: Oliveira Jefferson Garcia de , Marinho Maria Gabriela Silva Martins da Cunha , Nery João Elias
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo busca efetuar um levantamento dos princípios semióticos pertinentes ao campo das histórias em quadrinhos e verificar de que forma esses elementos são utilizados na reconstrução da memória dos sobreviventes a partir dos incidentes ocorridos em 1956, e seus correlatos diretos, nos vilarejos de Khan Younis e Rafah na obra Notas sobre Gaza, do autor Joe Sacco. Como metodologia, utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica, em especial a obra O sistema dos quadrinhos do autor belga, Thierry Groensteen, aliando outras concepções sobre o mesmo tema, como as analisadas, por exemplo, no segmento de Antônio Luiz Cagnin e, com base nesse levantamento, foram efetuadas análises das páginas selecionadas do quadrinho nas quais ocorre a reconstrução gráfica da memória das pessoas entrevistadas. Observou-se que a composição gráfica sequencial dessas memórias se dá a partir de elementos preponderantemente ortodoxos dentro da linguagem atribuída à semiótica dos quadrinhos, mantendo com isso a sobriedade dos relatos pertinentes à composição da obra enquanto quadrinho-reportagem. Concluiu-se, a partir daí, que as opções especificamente determinadas pelo autor, para elaboração dos trechos analisados se mostraram bastante efetivas. Estas operaram em fina sintonia, para a reconstrução memorialística, a partir das fontes orais – mantendo os pressupostos da reportagem. Assim, conseguiu entregar o componente dramático pertinente ao campo dos elementos icônicos das histórias em quadrinhos, sem perda ou obliteração da proposta inicial.
Inclusion and diversity in Public Administration: Where are we and how far are we in the path to an inclusive society?
Authors: Esposito Giuseppe
Published: March 2023

The main aim of this paper is to preliminarily explore definitions and nuances within the definition of concepts such as inclusion, diversity, disability, normalization, and to try and highlight how the binary meanings implied to these definitions ( i.e. inclusion/exclusion, diversity/conformity, disability/ability) are significant to understand how these are used in management and governance strategies. This will be done mainly by reviewing previous academic contributions, then by pointing at some possible practitioner experiences already studied or indicated as hypothesis in specialized literature concerning Organization Studies. Collecting the possible perspectives about “inclusion and diversity” is instrumental to a “field definition”, and to acknowledge the “state of art” of these concepts within different contexts, such as academic scholarship, private and corporate business, public administration, and ultimately society as a whole. This means, as part of a larger research project addressing public administration especially, to investigate whether the “inclusion turn” in open public debate does factually provide a ground for changes in organizational practices, rather than staying on paper as a mere normative scenario that HR departments and lawmakers feel compelled to comply to, rather than promoting effective inclusion strategies as systematic behaviour. The ideal contribution of this paper would be to suggest some possible directions for inclusivity research in terms of scholarships and case studies.
Accumulation and valorization of the commonwealth: some introductory notes
Authors: Fumagalli Andrea
Published: March 2023

This paper suggests an analysis of the accumulation and valorisation processes at the heart of the capitalist system and highlights the transition towards a new kind of capitalism – bio-cognitive capitalism. referring to the Commonwealth as an expression of social cooperation it is suggested that its appropriation is the core of bio-cognitive capitalism. Additionally, not only how new technologies have deeply affected the mechanisms of capitalist accumulation is described, but also how financialisation has modified the mechanisms of valorisation and its hierarchical structure. To be free, the Commonwealth needs to be endowed with financial autonomy. With the possibility to issue its own currency, the Commonwealth can be free to organise itself and to escape from a logic of exchange value production and from budget constraints imposed by austerity policies.
Smart Organisations: A New Relationship between Organisations and Individuals in the Digital Age
Authors: Pescatore Irene
Published: March 2023

In recent years, there has been a tendency among some companies and businesses to increasingly transform themselves into virtual organisations where barriers of time and space are overcome and where work is no longer constrained by traditional concepts of working in factories or offices. Technological developments and the adoption of digital platforms such as Yammer, Zoom, Slack, Cisco Webex, only to name but a few, are revolutionising the very concept of organisations, considered now as virtual entities, technologically advanced and without borders. The emergence of new technologies in an increasingly digital knowledge-based economy makes working flexibly possible. People can work anywhere and at any time (Hu, 2019), and each employee can work ‘alone but together’ (Spinuzzi, 2012). Smart organisations represent that organisational model that seems to be more suitable to face these challenges and continuous changes. These lean and extremely flexible organisations are characterised by new operational and functioning mechanisms and are based on elements such as keys, people and technologies that interact with each other constantly and continuously with dynamism, flexibility and speed. It is possible to consider “[…] smart organizations as an open and complex socio-technical system, together with the aspirations, behaviours and values of internal individuals” (Bednar and Welch, 2020: 290). In light of a socio-technical perspective, the need therefore emerges to adopt new lean and flexible organisations capable of dynamically integrating technical systems (i.e., advanced digital technologies) and social systems (i.e., people, culture, objectives, procedures and structures; see Imran et al., 2021) in order to be more competitive and achieve better performance.
Kidney Injury after Cardiac Surgery: Prevention-Associated Cost Reduction
Authors: Maia João , Rodrigues Ana Filipa , Dias Ana Lídia , Azevedo Bárbara , Leite-Moreira André , Lourenço André , Almeida Cláudia
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Cardiac surgery may induce acute kidney injury and the need for renal replacement therapy. It is also associated with higher hospital costs, morbidity and mortality. The aims of this study were to investigate predictors of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury in our population and to determine the burden of acute kidney injury in elective cardiac surgery, evaluating the potential cost effectiveness of preventing it through the application of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes bundle of care to high-risk patient groups identified by the [TIMP-2]x[IGFBP7] used as a screening test.Material and Methods: In a University Hospital single-center retrospective cohort study we analyzed a consecutive sample of adults who underwent elective cardiac surgery between January and March 2015. A total of 276 patients were admitted during the study period. Data from all patients was analyzed until hospital discharge or the patient’s death. The economic analysis was performed from the hospital costs’ perspective. Results: Cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury occurred in 86 patients (31%). After adjustment, higher preoperative serum creatinine (mg/L, ORadj = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01 – 1.17), lower preoperative hemoglobin (g/dL, ORadj = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67 – 0.94), chronic systemic hypertension (ORadj = 5.00; 95% CI: 1.67 – 15.02), an increase in cardiopulmonary bypass time (min, ORadj = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00 – 1.01) and perioperative use of sodium nitroprusside (ORadj = 6.33; 95% CI: 1.80 – 22.28) remained significantly associated with cardiac surgery related acute kidney injury. The expected cumulative surplus cost for the hospital linked with cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury (86 patients) was €120 695.84. Based on a median absolute risk reduction of 16.6%, by dosing kidney damage biomarkers in every patient and using preventive measures in high-risk patients, we would expect a break-even point upon screening 78 patients, which would translate, in our patient cohort, into an overall cost benefit of €7145.Conclusion: Preoperative hemoglobin, serum creatinine, systemic hypertension, cardiopulmonary bypass time and perioperative use of sodium nitroprusside were independent predictors of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury. Our cost-effectiveness modelling suggests that the use of kidney structural damage biomarkers combined with an early prevention strategy could be associated with potential cost savings.
TINJAUAN MASLAHAH ATAS PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM MEMUTUS PERMOHONAN DISPENSASI PERKAWINAN PADA MASA COVID-19 DI PENGADILAN AGAMA GIRI MENANG LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Imron Hadi
Published: March 2023

Perkawinan merupakan ikatan lahir batin antara seorang pria dengan seorang wanita sebagai suami istri dengan tujuan membentuk keluarga, rumah tangga yang bahagia dan kekal berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Ditinjau dari hukum positif, usia merupakan prasyarat utama dalam perkawinan, sebab untuk mewujudkan rumah tangga yang bahagia diperlukan kematangan usia dan kedewasaan pasangan suami istri baik secara fisik maupun psikis. Dalam Pasal 7 ayat 1 Undang-undang Nomor 16 tahun 2019 tentang Perkawinan menyatakan bahwa perkawinan hanya diizinkan apabila pria dan wanita sudah mencapai umur19 tahun. Namun, jika seseorang ingin melangsungkan pernikahan namun belum mencapai umur yang sudah ditentukan oleh Undang-undang, diperbolehkan mengajukan dispensasi perkawinan kepada Pengadilan Agama. Secara umum tulisan ini memfokuskan pembahasan pada permasalahan prosedur pengajuan dispensasi pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dan apa faktor yang melatar belakangi maraknya pengajuan dispensasi perkawinan pada masa pandemi Covid-19, dan apa pertimbangan hakim Pengadilan Agama Giri Menang dalam memberikan dispensasi perkawinan pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Adapun temuan dalam tulisan ini diketahui bahwa majelis hakim Pengadilan Agama Giri Menang Lombok Barat banyak mengabulkan permohonan dispensasi Perkawinan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan menggunakan pertimbangan maslahah yang bersifat daruriyah terhadap beberapa perkara permohonan dispensasi perkawinan yang disebabkan karena hamil di luar nikah, lamanya pacaran, dan kawin lari (selarian).
ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM TERKAIT PRAKTIK PENYELESAIAN KASUS KDRT SECARA ADAT DI KELURAHAN TANGE KECAMATAN LEMBOR KABUPATEN MANGGARAI BARAT
Authors: Ida Husna  , Tuti Harwati  , Ahmad Nurjihadi
Published: March 2023

Pengutaraan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang penyelesaian secara adat kasus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga ditinjau dari Analisis sosiologi Hukum keluarga islam (studi kasus di Kelurahan Tangge Kecematan Lembor Kabupaten Manggarai Barat) korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang kebanyakan adalah perempuan harus mendapatkan perlindungan dari negara dan atau masyarakat agar terhindar dan terbebas dari kekerasan, penyiksaan, atau perlakuan yang merendahkan derajat dan martabat kemanusiaan. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga khususnya kekerasan yang dilakukan suami terhadap istri tidak hanya menimbulkan penderitaan fisik maupun penderitaan psikis. Oleh karena itu korban KDRT harus mendapatkan perlindungan secara maksimal. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang dilakukan suami terhadap istrinya dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan pidana karena terdapat perlakuan yang dilarang dan bersifat melanggar hukum, sehingga perbuatan itu mengandung menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini berusaha membahas penyelesaian secara adat terhadap kasus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil dan kesimpulan sebagai berikut: Pertama ketua adat di kelurahan Tangge melakukan penyelesaian KDRT dengan cara penyembelihan ayam hitam persembahan kepada nenek moyang yang bertujuan agar nenek moyang melindungi kelurga mereka, agar tidak terjadi hal-hal buruk lagi. Kedua yaitu: membuang sial dengan cara permandian suci bertujuan agar hal-hal buruk tidak terjadi lagi di keluarga pelaku KDRT. Ketiga yaitu: sumpah moyang yang dimana para pelaku KDRT bersumpah untuk tidak melakukan KDRT lagi.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: FACTORS AFFECTING NURSE’S WORK STRESS IN HOSPITAL EMERGENCY ROOM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Suryati Dian Putri , Putri Nuzulul Kusuma , Ibrahim Normala
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed millions of lives worldwide and caused a severe impact in all aspects of human life. Healthcare workers have important roles in improving the health status of the community and thus face high demand to continue to provide optimal integrated services for the community. Nurses who formed the largest group of healthcare workers have been reported to experience the high pressures and demands due to the pandemic which led to increased work stress levels. Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors that influence work stress on nurses at the hospital's Emergency Room service during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This is a literature review with a population of 75 articles with the keywords used : "Work Stress", "Emergency Room" "Nurse", "Pandemic Covid-19". After going through the screening process using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) method and analyzing with PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome), 9 reference articles were analyxed. Results: The research that has been carried out in various countries showed that the factors which drove nurses' work stress came from the internal factors of nurses and the work environment, that was the hospitals. Conclusion: The factors that drive nurses’ work stress consists of individual factors and organizational factors.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Tarigan Dhea Benedikta , Dhamanti Inge
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Background: Primary Health Care (PHC) is a gatekeeper in providing comprehensive services for maternal and child health (MCH). MCH services in PHC remain limited and have not been entirely handled and distributed. Based on this, MCH in PHC requires Quality Improvement (QI) interventions. Purpose: Identify the implementation of QI in maternal and child health in PHC and identify the most QI tools or approaches used. Methods: This is a scoping review of the qualitative and quantitative results of studies that focused on Quality Improvement for maternal and child health in Primary Health Care. The inclusion criteria consist of articles published in English and original articles; the topic is an improvement for maternal and child health in Primary Health Care; full text and open access.  Results: Six findings have been found, which are: QI interventions for MCH problems mostly happen in Low Middle Income Countries (LMIC); Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA)  was the most used QI intervention approach; the success of QI implementation including the interventions; the most used QI Intervention; the role of stakeholders; and factors related to the successes of QI intervention.  Conclusion: Implementation QI is often carried out in Low-Middle Income Countries (LMIC).  Furthermore, various QI interventions have been used to solve maternal and child health issues. The most used QI tool was PDSA. Training, mentoring, and workshops for midwives and clinic teams were most often QI interventions implemented.
In situ measurement of light transmission into wine bottles and calculation of shelf life
Authors: Laposa Zsófia , Vesztergom Soma , Kocsis Marianna , Keszei Ernő
Published: March 2023

Wine exposed to UV-A and violet light (320–440 nm) can develop a light-struck flavour which deteriorates its quality. In a short introduction, we briefly describe the two most important photochemical pathways of this process and discuss conditions that facilitate the formation of undesired compounds. The main thrust of the study is to use a novel method to determine light transmission into real wine bottles, along with optical and photochemical modelling of wine damage. Calculation of light transmission into bottles and resulting photochemical damage is described in detail and compared to in situ measurements of transmitted light inside bottles. The effect of different light sources (sunlight, fluorescent bulbs and LED bulbs) is also discussed. It is found in in situ measurements that clear (flint) bottles transmit up to 35 % and bluish-green bottles up to 8 % of the harmful UV–violet light, while light amber bottles only up to 1.2 % and dark amber ones up to 0.2 %. Results of simple tasting experiments support the validity of shelf life calculations described here. According to these findings, white wine in flint (clear) and bluish-green bottles can survive only for a few days while displayed on shelves; light amber bottles conserve the quality for about a month and dark amber bottles for more than a year.  Recommendations concerning the protection of shelf-displayed bottled wine from light exposure are also given.
Fluid-Structure Interaction: Numerical Analysis of Biomagnetic Flow Inhibition on a Plaque in a Stenosed Bifurcation Artery
Authors: RAZZAQ MUDASSAR
Published: March 2023

To investigate the impact of a magnetic field on plaque development in a stenotic bifurcated artery, a finite element method is utilized. The blood flow is modelled as a stable, incompressible, Newtonian, biomagnetic, and laminar fluid. Furthermore, the arterial wall is assumed to be linear elastic. The Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method is employed to describe the hemodynamic flow in a bifurcated artery under the influence of an asymmetric magnetic field, taking into account two-way fluid-structure interaction coupling. A stable $P_2P_1$ finite element pair discretizes a nonlinear system of partial differential equations that requires a solution. The Newton-Raphson method is utilized to find a solution to the resulting nonlinear algebraic equation system. Numerical modelling is used to simulate the presence of magnetic fields, and the resulting displacement, velocity magnitude, pressure, and wall shear stresses are shown for a range of Reynolds numbers ($Re = 500$, $1000$, $1500$, and $2000$). The results of the numerical analysis demonstrate that the presence of a magnetic field has a significant effect not only on the magnitude of displacement but also on the velocity of the flow. The application of a magnetic field reduces flow separation, extends the recirculation area near the stenosis, and increases wall shear stress.
Crime Detection and Suspect Identification System
Authors: BinDarwish Abdulaziz , Alhammadi Salim , SALEHI ABDULLAH
Published: March 2023

—The number of ATMs in various countries is increasing steadily and rapidly with the number of users increasing very widely. On the other hand, banks have become more interested in finding the best procedures to combat ATM crimes to ensure the safety and security of their customers and other cardholders. This has become an excellent target for some criminals or fraudsters, despite the limited amounts that can be withdrawn from these devices, given a maximum daily limit. We aim at implementing this system inside bank ATMs in order to detect objects like guns, hammers, and knives. Once the suspicious objects and actions are detected, we perform facial recognition to identify whether the suspect is a repeating offender. We use object, face, and action recognition algorithms to achieve our objective. Results showed that using our proposed algorithm is efficient in detecting threatening objects
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Earthquake Hazard Reduction in Historic Urban Areas via 3D Printing
Authors: Jahangiri Ali , Foroozan Narjes , Jahangiri Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Abstract Natural disasters such as earthquakes have affected urban historical centers severely. Considering the limitations of the existing methods in conservation and preservation of these sensitive areas, and recent advances in technological devices and techniques such as GIS and 3D printers, this article aims to propose a new methodology utilizing available knowledge and resources. The authors of the present research propose an innovative, technological, and highly accurate method to assess the seismic vulnerability of historical contextures rectifying the existing obstacles and limitations. Through this methodology, the level of trial and error is substantially reduced and the output is stronger, more optimized and more conservative as compared with commonly used methods. Using high tech principles and theoretical foundations (i.e. sustainability principles) this method achieves updated analyses, practical plans, and economic optimization.
Numerical Simulation of a Model Describing Plaque Rupture Phenomena in Elastic Arteries with Bifurcated Stenosis
Authors: RAZZAQ MUDASSAR
Published: March 2023

The buildup of plaque in the arteries characterizes atherosclerosis, which causes the walls of the arteries to thicken, the lumen to narrow, and the wall to thin in certain areas. These changes can lead to alterations in blood flow, potentially resulting in aneurysms and heart attacks if left untreated. This paper presents a phenomenological model to explain the mechanics of plaque rupture in stenosed bifurcated elastic arteries. The model considers the interaction between the plaque and artery wall, blood flow, mechanical properties of the artery wall and plaque, and hemodynamic forces in the system. Using the Navier-Stokes equations to describe blood flow and elastic properties of artery walls, our study shows that blood flow can become turbulent, leading to backflow, vortices, and possible stagnation. Certain regions can become highly vulnerable and result in elevated heat transfer between blood and arterial walls, which can lead to the rupture of the plaque cap. The study focuses on blood flow features such as velocity profiles and wall displacement on fluid-structure interaction, which are consistent with the literature. Finally, we calculate the wall shear stress (WSS) for minimum and maximum times while considering elastic walls. Our findings may provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of plaque rupture and inform the development of improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Childhood Leukemia Increased Significantly in Wales and Scotland After Chernobyl: A Biological Explanation
Authors: Busby Christopher
Published: March 2023

Employing data supplied by the Oxford-based UK Childhood Cancer Research Group in 2003 it is shown that after the Chernobyl accident, childhood leukemia by single age and year of birth in the 0-4y cohort increased significantly in Wales and Scotland combined in the period 1986-1990 compared with controls born 1970-1985 and 1991-1994. Relative risk RR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.20<RR<1.65; p = 0.00004. These exposure periods were chosen because whole body Caesium-137 monitoring had demonstrated that internal exposures persisted for more than 4 years. The dose-response exhibits saturation and reversal, interpreted as biological censoring effects in the developing individual.
Evaluation of a Cyber Risk Assessment Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems: Maritime and Energy Use Cases
Authors: Amro Ahmed , Gkioulos Vasileios
Published: March 2023

In various domains such as energy, manufacturing, and maritime, cyber-physical systems (CPS) have seen increased interest. Both academia and industry have focused on the cybersecurity aspects of such systems. The assessment of cyber risks in CPS is a popular research area with many existing approaches that aim to suggest relevant methods and practices. However, few works have addressed the extensive and objective evaluation of the proposed approaches. In this paper, a standard-aligned evaluation methodology is presented and empirically conducted to evaluate a newly proposed cyber risk assessment approach for CPS. The approach, which is called FMECA-ATT&CK is based on Failure Mode, Effects & Criticality Analysis (FMECA) risk assessment process and enriched with the semantics and encoded knowledge in the Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge framework (ATT&CK). Several experts were involved in conducting two risk assessment processes, FMECA-ATT\&CK and Bow-Tie, against two use cases in different application domains, particularly an autonomous passenger ship (APS) as a maritime use case and a digital substation as an energy use case. This allows for the evaluation of the approach based on a group of characteristics, namely, applicability, feasibility, accuracy, comprehensiveness, adaptability, scalability, and usability. The results highlight the positive utility of FMECA-ATT&CK in model-based, design-level, and component-level cyber risk assessment of CPS with several identified directions for improvements. Moreover, the standard-aligned evaluation method and the evaluation characteristics have been demonstrated as enablers for the thorough evaluation of cyber risk assessment methods.
Analyzing the level of antimicrobial peptides in breast milk of mothers of infants with atopic dermatitis
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kudryavtseva A.V. ,   I.I.Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation, Svitich O.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.I.Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation, Soboleva V.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.I.Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bystritskaya E.P. ,   I.I.Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial disease. The onset of AD is associated with the skin and intestinal barrier failure and impaired balance of the innate immunity. Inadequate innate immune reactions and decreased production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) by epithelial cells allow the passage of foreign proteins and bacterial toxins into the organism resulting in sensitization and local inflammation. Breast milk can act as a source of AMPs. The improper antimicrobial protection can be enhanced by stimulating the epithelial cells with probiotics. Objective. To evaluate the effect of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus on the level of β-defensin-2 in breast milk of mothers of infants with AD. Materials and methods. We analyzed the effect of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus sp. strain n.v. Ер 317/402 «NARINE» on the level of β-defensin-2 in breast milk of mothers of infants with AD. The experimental group (n = 26) included mothers of infants with AD. They were further divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 17) received 2 capsules of probiotic (180 mg in one capsule) twice a day for 20 days, whereas Group 2 (n = 9) received 2 capsules of placebo twice a day for 20 days. The control group comprised mothers of healthy infants (n = 11). The level of β-defensin-2 in breast milk was measured using the ELISA Kit for Defensin Beta 2 (DEFb2) as per the manufacturer's instructions. The differences were evaluated using the unpaired Student's T test and Welch's t-test. Microsoft Excel was used for statistical analysis. Results. The proposed dosage regimen of the probiotic analyzed caused a 5.2-fold increase in the level of β-defensin-2 in breast milk of mothers of infants with AD (p < 0.05) (6.67 vs 1.29) and alleviation of skin inflammation in infants. Conclusion. Administration of Lactobacillus sp. strain n.v. Ер 317/402 «NARINE» may affect the level of β-defensin-2 in breast milk. Therefore, the probiotic can be used for the prevention and treatment of AD. Key words: atopic dermatitis, infants, defensins, breast milk
Formation of pyeloenteroureteroanastamosis in a child with recurrent hydronephrosis caused by long-term ureteral stenosis
Authors:   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sharkov S.M. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Shmyrov O.S. ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lobach A.Yu. ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kulaev A.V. ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Surov R.V. ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Lazishvili M.N. ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kovachich A.S. ,   Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Hydronephrosis is a disease characterized by expansion of the renal pelvis and calyces resulted from improper urine outflow in the pelvic ureter that causes damage to the kidney parenchyma and a progressive decrease in its function. Anderson–Hynes pyeloplasty is a highly effective surgical method for this disease. The recurrence rate after this procedure does not exceed 3–5%. One of the possible causes of relapse is long-term ureteral stenosis, which requires a repeated reconstructive surgery. We report a case of recurrent hydronephrosis associated with long-term ureteral stenosis. The patient has undergone laparoscopic surgery with the formation of pyeloenteroureteroanastamosis. Key words: hydronephrosis, relapse, laparoscopy, pyeloenteroureteroanastamosis, pyeloplasty
Herpesvirus infections in children: prevalence, incidence, clinical forms, and management algorithm
Authors:   Scientific Information Center for Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vikulov G.Kh. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Moscow Medical Chamber, Moscow, Russian Federation, Oradovskaya I.V. ,   Scientific Information Center for Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kolobukhina L.V. ,   N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow Russian Federation,   Infectious Clinical Hospital No 1, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Objective. To analyze the incidence, prevalence, and structure of various forms of herpesvirus infections (HVIs) among hospitalized children in Infectious Clinical Hospital No 1 in Moscow for the period 2010–2021. Patients and methods. The study included 6808 children of both sexes aged between 3 months (infants) and 17 years, hospitalized in Infectious Clinical Hospital No 1 with laboratory and clinical confirmed HVIs of moderate and severe course. Clinical, epidemiological, and statistical methods of data processing (Excel, Statistica 10) were used. Results. The most common nosological forms of HVIs, variants of mono-, mixed- and co-infections were analyzed and identified. The predominant diagnosis was infectious mononucleosis, which was detected in 83.40% (5678:6808) of pediatric patients in relation to the total number of children hospitalized with HVIs, and in 82.20% (5757:7003) of the identified HVI nosological forms. The second most frequent diagnosis was herpes simplex, which was detected at a rate of 7.31% among all hospitalized children and 7.11% (498:7003) among all HVI diagnoses, i.e., it occurred as a monoinfection. In third place with a comparable frequency was the diagnosis of CMV infection in 3.92% (275:7003) and sudden exanthema in 3.51% (246:7003). CMV infection was revealed in 2.44% (number of patients 166:6808) of patients, cases of both mono- and mixed infections were detected. Herpes zoster among hospitalized children was rare, in 0.42% of cases. In one case, a combination of HVI and HIV infection was observed. Key words: children, herpesviruses, herpesvirus infections, HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, EBV, CMV, HHV-6, herpes simplex, varicella, herpes zoster, infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus infection, sudden exanthema
Efectos jurídicos del origen de las mercancías en el TMEC
Authors: López Libreros José Manuel
Published: March 2023

Las normas de origen para las mercancías son determinantes en el comercio internacional y apuntalan la aplicación de los principales instrumentos jurídicos de carácter comercial y aduanero, como lo son el trato preferente entre socios comerciales del Tratado México, Estados Unidos y Canadá (TMEC). En este sentido, las normas de origen, esencialmente técnicas y neutrales se convierten en bisagras para la gestión de intereses y políticas industriales de los socios y de los grupos de presión. En el TMEC, la negociación de las normas de origen se erigió como uno de los puntos álgidos en la agenda comercial, especialmente por los intereses de los sectores involucrados (metal-mecánico, automotriz, agrario, entre otros) y las presiones políticas a nivel nacional e internacional. En la investigación se parte del presupuesto que la determinación de la forma y tipo de norma de origen para las mercancías reflejan y afectan el grado de apertura o liberalización de los flujos comerciales entre los países, y que por ello, generan consecuencias jurídicas en el comercio internacional preferencial. Para ello, se hace una revisión documental y en uso del método deductivo se analizan las posturas teóricas (derecho convencional, derecho económico, comercio internacional) y documentos oficiales (tratado, anexos, resoluciones, declaraciones) que fundamentan el origen de las mercancías en el TMEC; para a partir de ahí, identificar las normas y los principios que se derivan del mismo en cuanto a los efectos jurídicos de apertura del comercio entre los socios norteamericanos y en la ejecución de los compromisos de liberalización comercial pactados, Como conclusión, se identifica que el régimen jurídico del origen en el TMEC ha generado repercusiones jurídicas en la operación del tratado, la protección de intereses en sectores sensibles y ha generado controversias en la aplicación del entramado institucional.
Structural Racism and Pedestrian Safety: Measuring the Association Between Historical Redlining and Contemporary Pedestrian Fatalities Across the United States, 2010‒2019
Authors: Taylor Nandi L. , Porter Jamila M. , Bryan Shenee , Harmon Katherine J. , Sandt Laura S.
Published: March 2023

Objectives. To examine the association between historical redlining and contemporary pedestrian fatalities across the United States.

Methods. We analyzed 2010–2019 traffic fatality data, obtained from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, for all US pedestrian fatalities linked by location of crash to 1930s Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) grades and current sociodemographic factors at the census tract level. We applied generalized estimating equation models to assess the relationship between the count of pedestrian fatalities and redlining.

Results. In an adjusted multivariable analysis, tracts graded D (“Hazardous”) had a 2.60 (95% confidence interval = 2.26, 2.99) incidence rate ratio (per residential population) of pedestrian fatalities compared with tracts graded A (“Best”). We found a significant dose‒response relationship: as grades worsened from A to D, rates of pedestrian fatalities increased.

Conclusions. Historical redlining policy, initiated in the 1930s, has an impact on present-day transportation inequities in the United States.

Public Health Implications. To reduce transportation inequities, understanding how structurally racist policies, past and present, have an impact on community-level investments in transportation and health is crucial. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(4):420–428. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307192 )
Historias de enfermos
Authors: Valdizán Hermilio
Published: March 2023

Literatura y enfermedad van de la mano, se nutren mutuamente, y esta Historia de enfermos, obra del doctor Hermilio Valdizán, es una prueba de esta poderosa imbricación. A lo largo del tiempo, todas las literaturas han atravesado procesos particulares en esta conexión entre literatura y enfermedad. […] Valdizán se inscribe con este volumen en parte sustancial de un renglón de profesionales médicos dedicados al ejercicio literario, tanto acá como en el extranjero.
Challenges in Facilitating Online Teaching for Secondary Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic, based on a case study in Sri Lanka.
Authors: de Silva Arosha , de Silva Arosha
Published: March 2023

This research aims to evaluate the challenges in facilitating online teaching for secondary education during the Covid-19 pandemic based on a case study in the western province of Sri Lanka. With the pandemic, teachers had to face many challenges concerning online teaching, as they were unprepared for the remote teaching process that was to follow. For this research, teachers were able to give an account of their experiences, challenges, and the sacrifices that had to be made in adapting to this new method of teaching. A mixed method of data collection and analysis was used in this research, as both quantitative and qualitative methods in combination would provide a better understanding of the research problem enhancing the validity of the results. Through the findings of this research, it was revealed that most schools and their teachers had embraced online teaching amid the many challenges during Covid-19. Thereby measures had to be taken to overcome and mitigate the effects of these challenges faced in online teaching, making it possible for teachers to deliver an online education for students that is on par with other technologically advanced education systems.
Effect of Hetero-atom Doping on the Electrocatalytic Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Goswami Mrigaraj , Mandal Sneha , Pillai Vijayamohanan K.
Published: March 2023

Oxygen reduction is an important reaction involved in a diverse variety of energy storage devices and also in many chemical and biological processes. However, the high cost of suitable catalysts like platinum, rhodium, and iridium proves to be a major obstacle for its commercialization. Consequently, many new materials have emerged in recent years such as various forms of carbon, carbides, nitrides, core-shell particles, Mxenes, and transition metal complexes as alternatives to platinum and other noble metals for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Among these, Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) as metal-free alternatives have captured universal attention, since electrocatalytic properties can be tuned not only by size and functionalization but by heteroatom doping also. We discuss electrocatalytic properties of GQDs (approximate size 3-5 nm) with specific dopants such as N and S focusing on their synergistic effects of co-doping, prepared by solvothermal routes. Cyclic Voltammetry shows benefits of doping as lowering of the onset potentials while steady-state Galvanostatic Tafel polarization measurements show a clear difference in the apparent Tafel slope, along with enhanced exchange current densities, suggesting higher rate constants.
Air compressor fault classification using MODWPT, time domain features, WSA and machine learning classifiers based on acoustic analysis
Authors: AFIA ADEL , Gougam Fawzi , Rahmoune Chemseddine , Touzout Walid , Ouelmokhtar Hand , Benazzouz Djamel
Published: March 2023

Air compressors have become critical equipment in different industrial applications such as metallurgy, mining, machinery manufacturing, petrochemical industry, transportation, etc. However, because of their complex structure and often harsh working environment, air compressors inevitably face a variety of faults and failures during their operation. Therefore, intelligent diagnostic techniques are crucially important for early fault recognition and detection to avoid industrial failure due to machine breakdowns. In this paper, an intelligent algorithm for reciprocating air compressor fault diagnosis is proposed based on several approaches, mainly: Maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transform (MODWPT) and time domain features for feature extraction, weighted superposition attraction (WSA) for feature selection and random forest (RF), ensemble tree (ET) K-nearest neighbors (KNN) as classifiers. The proposed approach is applied to real-time acoustic signals acquired from an air compressor with one healthy and seven different faulty states. According to our approach, the data signals are decomposed by MODWPT into several nodes. Then, the time domain features are calculated for each node to construct the feature matrix for each air compressor health state. After that, WSA is applied to every matrix in the feature selection step. Finally, KNN, ET and RF are used to calculate the classification accuracy and give the confusion matrix. Compared with the robust empirical mode decomposition (REMD), the experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach to detect, identify and classify all air compressor faults.