bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic profiling on plasma reveals potential biomarkers for screening and early diagnosis of intestinal-type gastric cancer and precancerous stages
Authors: Du Lijing , Li Shasha , Xiao Xue , Li Jin , Jin Huizi , Hua Zhaolai , Ma Juming , Wang Xi , Yan Shikai
Published: November 2020

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) with majority of intestinal-type adenocaricinoma remains one of the most common cancers all over the world. GC faces a great challenge in the clinical diagnosis, that it often can be detected at advanced stages, and leads to the loss of optimum time for treatment and poor prognosis. Thus, there is a critical need to develop effective and noninvasive strategies for early diagnosis of the disease process. Methods: Totally, 82 participants were enrolled in the study, including 50 chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) patients, 7 intestinal-type early gastric cancer (EGC) and 25 intestinal-type advanced gastric cancer (AGC) ones. Metabolites profiling on patient plasma was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). Principal components analysis, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis as well as Random Forest were utilized to evaluate the variation on endogenous metabolites for intestinal-type GC patients and to screen potential biomarkers. Furthermore, the proposed biomarkers were used to create logistic regression models, which discrimination efficiency and accuracy was ascertained by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Metabolic pathway analysis was carried out on MetaboAnalyst.Results: Totally 50 metabolites were detected with differentially expression among CSG, intestinal-type EGC and AGC patients. L-carnitine, L-proline, pyruvaldehyde, phosphatidylcholines (PC) (14:0/18:0), lysophosphatidylcholine (14:0) (LysoPC 14:0), lysinoalanine were defined as the potential biomarker panel for the diagnosis among CSG and EGC patients. Compared with EGC patients, 6 significantly changed metabolites, PC(O-18:0/0:0) and LysoPC(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) were found to be up-regulated in AGC patients, whereas L-proline, L-valine, adrenic acid and pyruvaldehyde down-regulated. ROC analysis demonstrated a high diagnostic performance for metabolite panels with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.931 to 1. Moreover, the metabolomic pathway analysis revealed several metabolism pathway disorders, including amino acid and lipid metabolisms, in intestinal-type GC patients.Conclusions: In this study, a total of six metabolites were identified to contribute significantly to the diagnosis of intestinal-type GC and precancerous stages, respectively, and over 93.1% AUC value was achieved in AUC test on biomarker panels. It indicated that the biomarker panels are sensitive to the early diagnosis of intestinal-type GC disease, which is expected to be developed as a promising diagnostic and prognostic tool for disease stratification studies.
Survival of patients with appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors: whether they benefit from right hemicolectomy?
Authors: Lin Haiping , Wang Liyuan , Bai Yang , Ge Chenyang , Zheng Hongjuan , Yu Shian
Published: November 2020

Background: Current guidelines recommend right hemicolectomy for appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (A-NETs) patients with lymph node (LN) metastasis. However, prognosis of these patients is favorable, and the prognostic impact of metastatic LN is controversial.Objective: The study aims to evaluate the prognostic factors of A-NETs, and explore whether right hemicolectomy/ more extended procedure (RHCM) improves prognosis compared to less extended than right hemicolectomy (LRHC).Methods: Patients with A-NETs were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The Fine-Gray proportional hazards model was established to calculate subdistribution hazard ratios of prognostic factors. A propensity score matching was performed to balance intergroup differences between the LRHC and RHCM groups, and survival difference between the after-matched groups was tested using the Gray test. Subgroup analyses were also conducted.Results: In the multivariate analysis, histological type and distant metastatic status were associated with prognosis, while tumor size and nodal status were not. After propensity score matching, the patients’ characteristics were well balanced. RHCM did not confer survival benefits in the whole after-matched patients or any subgroup.Conclusions: Metastatic LN does not significantly impact prognosis, and RHCM fails to improve prognosis compared to LRHC. Therefore, the current “LN-decided” surgical procedure may not be suitable for patients with A-NETs.
Bayesian response adaptive randomization in clinical trials with a time-trend: application to a real trial
Authors: Jiang Yunyun , Zhao Wenle , Durkalski-Mauldin Valerie
Published: November 2020

Background: In clinical trials with a large sample size, time-trend in response rates can affect the performance of Bayesian response adaptive randomization (BRAR).Methods: To evaluate this impact, we utilize data from a previously completed randomized controlled trial that used a fixed 1:1 allocation. Subject response data from this study demonstrate a clear time-trend in the control group, but not in the treatment group. In this simulation study, we re-assign patients to treatment groups based on a BRAR algorithm, to examine the performance of BRAR as measured by the treatment effect estimation, the probability of early stopping, and the shift in adaptive allocation.Results: Results from specific simulated study scenario show that in the presence of a time-trend, the timing of the first interim analysis is critical for the efficacy/futility decision making. Compared with fixed equal allocation, BRAR results in a higher probability of premature early stopping when time-trend effect exists. The magnitude of such impact varies among different BRAR algorithms.Conclusions: Influential factors such as time trend, should be considered when planning the implementation of BRAR in large trials.Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00235495. Registered on October 10, 2005.
QTL detection for bread wheat processing quality in a nested association mapping population of semi-wild and domesticated wheat varieties
Authors: Hu Junmei , Xiao Guilian , Jiang Peng , Zhao Yan , Zhang Guangxu , Ma Xin , Yao Jie , Xue Lixia , Su Peisen , Bao Yinguang
Published: November 2020

Background: Wheat processing quality is an important factor in evaluating overall wheat quality and dough characteristics are important in assessing the processing quality of wheat. As an important germplasm resource, semi-wild wheat plays an important role in the study of wheat processing quality.Results: In this study, four dough rheological characteristics were therefore collected in four environments using a nested association mapping (NAM) population, consisting of semi-wild and domesticated wheat varieties, which was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for wheat processing quality. A total of 49 QTL for wheat processing quality were detected, explaining 0.36–10.82% of the phenotypic variation. These QTL were located on all wheat chromosomes except for 2D, 3A, 3D, 6B, 6D and 7D. Compared to previous studies, 29 QTL were newly identified. Four novel QTL, QMlPH-1B.4, QMlPH-3B.4, QWdEm-1B.2 and QWdEm-3B.2, were stably identified in three or more environments, of which QMlPH-3B.4 was a major QTL. Moreover, eight important genetic regions for wheat processing quality were identified on chromosomes 1B, 3B and 4D, which showed pleiotropy for dough characters. In addition, out of 49 QTL, 15 favorable alleles came from three semi-wild parents, suggesting that the QTL alleles provided by the semi-wild parent were unutilized in domesticated varieties.Conclusions: The results show that the semi-wild wheat varieties can enrich the existing wheat gene pool and provide broader variation resources for wheat genetic research.
EVALUATION OF FETAL REACTIVITY IN A TEST WITH ACOUSTIC STIMULATION IN WOMEN WITH A HISTORY OF CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Nazarenko Larysa , Huk Lyudmyla , Nestertsova Nataliia
Published: November 2020

Object of study: pregnancy in women with a history of cesarean section, perinatal period. The problem to be solved: clarification of the perinatal significance of the factor “scarred uterus”, substantiation of the clinical significance of the test with acoustic stimulation of the fetus as a method for predicting early neonatal adaptation. Main scientific results: it was found that pregnancy in women with a history of cesarean section is characterized by an increased perinatal risk and is associated with psychoemotional stress of the mother, which affects the reactivity of fetal cerebral hemodynamics. It has been shown that the test with acoustic stimulation of fetus allows one to gain an idea of the fetus's perception of stressful influences, which should be taken into account when drawing up a delivery plan. The area of practical use of research results: obstetric departments of maternity hospitals and multidisciplinary hospitals. An innovative technological product: technology for assessing the state of the fetus in full-term pregnancy, which allows predicting complications of early neonatal adaptation based on the susceptibility of the fetus in the test with acoustic stimulation. Scope of application of an innovative technological product: obstetric clinical practice, perinatal medicine.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE FOR MINE RECONNAISSANCE
Authors: Neroba Vadym
Published: November 2020

Object of research: comparative assessment and selection of an unmanned aerial vehicle for mine reconnaissance sample. Investigated problem: substantiation of the methodological apparatus for comparative assessment and selection of an unmanned aerial vehicle for mine reconnaissance sample, taking into consideration the presence of both quantitative and qualitative indicators. Main scientific results: the methods of comparative assessment and selection of an unmanned aerial vehicle for mine reconnaissance sample is developed. The technique is based on an expert method, which allows a drone sample to be evaluated and selected objectively, taking into consideration the presence of both quantitative and qualitative indicators. At the same time, group interaction and discussion of experts are realized. When the judgments do not coincide, an artificial consensus is not imposed. The number of experts is not limited. The experts are not linked in any way. The need to ensure transitive consistency (10–12 %) makes it possible to record attempts by an expert (experts) to artificially overestimate the indicators of one of the drone samples (or the one being evaluated), therefore, the indicators of another sample will automatically deteriorate. The principle of impartiality and fairness is maintained. A well-trained objective coordinator is not required, and the reality is that the absence of the disrupting the problem solution possibility is due to a change in the psychological situation among the experts. Area of practical use of research results: humanitarian demining in the interests of ensuring the detection of mines for various purposes by sappers from a safe distance. At the same time, an increase within the probability of mines detecting is ensured due to special equipment installed onboard the drone. Innovative technological product: a technique has been developed that allows not only assessing the drone samples for mine reconnaissance objectively, but making an objective choice of a sample for specific requirements also. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: clearance of the terrain remaining after the end of hostilities. With the help of unmanned aerial vehicles, a significant acceleration of the demining process is possible, especially in those territories where mines are installed and being for a sufficiently long time.
‘The Research is Conducted…’: An Exploration of a Grammatical Metaphor Syndrome in Indonesian Research Articles
Authors: Ayomi Putu Nur , Dreyfus Shoshana , Hadi Syamsul , Sutrisno Adi
Published: November 2020

The research examined the use of one grammatical metaphor (hereafter GM) syndrome frequently found in Indonesian language research articles (hereafter RAs). This syndrome followed the lexicogrammatical structure of Process+Range or Process+Medium. An interesting feature of this GM syndrome, which, to date, had not been studied, was that while GM typically increased the lexical density of a clause by condensing meaning into nominal groups. This GM syndrome seemed to do the opposite. e.g., rather than writing ‘merubah’ (changed) as Process, writers used ‘melakukan perubahan’ (do some changes), which had the structure of Process+Range. This had the effect of delexicalizing the verb as well as increasing the number of words in the clauses. Instead of seeing this form as a mere ritual in academic writing, the research sought to understand the functional role in the RAs. The data was taken from a small corpus of RAs from two refereed Indonesian humanities journals. The occurrences of this GM syndrome were identified. A systemic analysis was then conducted with a metafunctional lens, examining the ideational, interpersonal, and textual functions of this form of GM syndrome. The analysis reveals that ideationally, GM syndrome is a resource to manage technicality, abstraction, taxonomy, and activity sequence; textually, the syndrome is a resource organizing textual coherence through the management of hyperThemes; and interpersonally, the syndrome functions as a resource for Graduation, which decreases the force of propositions.
Catamenial pneumotorax as a special form of spontaneous pneumotorax (literature review)
Authors: Bezhin Alexandr I. , Lytvynenko Iryna V. , Fisyuk Anna A.
Published: November 2020

Spontaneous pneumothorax is a common (more than 12.5% of all urgent conditions in thoracic surgery) life-threatening condition, statistically more commonly found in men with pulmonary emphysema. However, a rare and difficult diagnostic form of spontaneous pneumothorax that develops in more than 73% of women of reproductive age with thoracic endometriosis is spontaneous catamenial pneumothorax. In the prevailing majority of patients, this pneumothorax turns out to be right-sided and recurrent in more than 70% of cases. The “gold standard” for verification of thoracic endometriosis is the visual inspection of the chest organs and biopsy using video-assisted mini-thoracotomy (VATS). The signs of thoracic endometriosis detected intraoperatively include the identification of fenestrations of the diaphragm, endometriosis of the visceral pleura, bullae of various calibers, cicatricial changes in lung parenchyma, etc. There is no consensus on the tactics of patients´ management, however, the primary importance in the treatment of thoracic endometriosis and spontaneous catamenial pneumothorax as its main manifestation should be given to surgical interventions: suturing diaphragm defects, typical (anatomical) or atypical resection of the lungs in different volumes, pleurodesis to prevent the recurrence of pneumothorax, etc. The most effective pleurodesis methods are chemical pleurodesis with sterile talc, the use of YAG-ND and CO2 lasers. Apical pleurectomy is actively used; various materials (fibrin gel, polyglycolic acid, etc.) are being studied as suture-line coverage to create aerostasis. Along with surgical methods, the use of COCs, analogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, danazole, progestins, and aromatase inhibitors minimizes the recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with thoracic endometriosis.
Congenital immunity in patients with essential arterial hypertension and effectiveness of antihypertensive pharmacotherapy
Authors: Mikhin Vadim P. , Gavrilyuk Evgenia V. , Evsegneeva Irina V.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study was to assess the parameters of innate immunity in patients with essential arterial hypertension and to establish a relationship with the effectiveness of antihypertensive pharmacotherapy. Materials and methods. The study included 48 patients with essential arterial hypertension stage II, arterial hypertension 2 degree and hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium, which were divided into 2 groups: the first group (25 patients) - these are patients whose blood pressure reached the target values, and the second group (23 patients) are patients whose blood pressure did not reach the target values against the background of antihypertensive therapy (perindopril - 5 mg/day and amlodipine - 5 mg/day) (group 2). Indicators of 18 healthy donors were used as a comparison group (control group). Results. In patients with essential arterial hypertension of group 1, compared with the control group, the concentration of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-2, C4- and C5a-components of the complement system and factor H is significantly higher and the level of C3 is lower-component of the complement system. In patients with essential arterial hypertension of group 2, more pronounced changes in the cytokine link of the immunity and the complement system were established before the start of antihypertensive therapy. After the antihypertensive therapy in patients with essential arterial hypertension of the 1st group in the blood plasma, the concentration of TNF, IL-1α, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist significantly decreased, but not to the values of the control group, and in patients of the 2nd group, the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy in correcting parameters innate immunity was found to be less effective. Conclusion. Revealing the participation of innate immunity indicators in the formation of arterial hypertension opens up new possibilities for the pathogenetic therapy of this disease and developing measures to prevent or level the damage to target organs.
Morphology of platelets of newborns by using electron microscopy
Authors: Leontyev Mikhail A. , Pylaev Timofey E. , Polivoda Elena A. , Burov Andrey M. , Leontyeva Anastasia V. , Maslyakov Vladimir V. , Vodova Anastasia V.
Published: November 2020

Objective - to study the morphological features of platelets of newborns by using electron microscopy. Materials and methods. Peripheral blood platelets of healthy newborns were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) method. The sample included 50 healthy babies from the Clinical Perinatal Center of Saratov region born at a gestational age of 37-42 weeks with an assessment on the Apgar scale (1952) at the first minute of at least 7 points. After blood sampling, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was obtained by centrifugation. Results. As a result of the study, 3 forms of platelets were identified: 1. Inactive ones, rounded or more often oval-shaped, in which it is possible to see almost all intracellular structures being typical for platelets; 2. Activated forms that have long processes (pseudopods) and usually have no granules; 3. Transitional forms - apparently, platelets at the initial stages of activation: elements of their open tubular system are already expanding, and this leads to the appearance of vacuoles. However, they do not yet have a distinct rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, and, accordingly, long processes and a significant change in shape. Platelets of newborns are heterogeneous in morphofunctional state: most of them are represented by inactive forms 82(80-85)%, the smaller part includes activated 15(13-17)% and transitional forms 3(2-4)%. Platelet microparticles (PM) are platelet derivatives and are also variable in size and structure. They can be represented by simple vesicles without internal contents, or they can have secretory granules involved in the transmission of signaling information to other platelets and endothelial cells. In our study, several mechanisms of formation and separation of PM from “precursor platelets” were discovered, but their meaning is not yet fully understood and requires further study. Conclusion. This study demonstrates the heterogeneity of the platelet population of newborns associated with their morphofunctional state. For convenience of description, three morphological classes of platelets have been devised. The hypothesis about possible mechanisms of PM formation has been formulated.
De la ciudadanía suramericana al humanitarismo: el giro en la política y diplomacia migratoria ecuatoriana
Authors: Ramírez Jacques
Published: November 2020

El objetivo del artículo es examinar los cambios en la política y diplomacia migratoria en Ecuador al poner atención a las medidas implementadas a partir del incremento de arribos de migrantes venezolanos. Con la llegada al poder del presidente Lenín Moreno, en dicho país andino se pasó de un enfoque de derechos a uno de seguridad amparado en la figura del gobierno humanitario, donde se ve a los migrantes tanto como víctimas y como amenazas. Metodológicamente se realiza un análisis de los principales decretos emitidos desde 2018 y se apoya en fuentes cuantitativas sobre flujos y visas otorgadas hasta agosto de 2020. El texto deja ver cómo el gobierno utiliza la diplomacia migratoria como un elemento central de su política exterior tanto para acercarse a la agenda de Washington, alejarse del eje bolivariano —principalmente del gobierno de Venezuela— y conseguir fondos de la cooperación internacional para hacer frente a la llegada de migrantes.
Turismo rural em Erechim (RS)
Authors: Bariviera Cássio Alexandre , Deggerone Zenicléia Angelita
Published: November 2020

Os processos de transformação do meio rural têm oportunizado o surgimento de novos modelos de ocupação, assim como a atribuição de funções que não ‘necessariamente estão vinculadas à produção agrícola, tal como o Turismo rural. Este artigo procurou analisar os roteiros turísticos existentes no meio rural do município de Erechim (RS), tendo como base de análise a avaliação das vias de acesso e das placas indicativas dos roteiros selecionados. A metodologia utilizada consistiu em uma abordagem bibliográfica e documental, exploratória e descritiva, com ida à campo no mês de março de 2019. Os resultados demonstram que o município conta com algumas inciativas voltadas ao turismo, como a criação do Conselho Municipal de Turismo e a Linha Turismo, porém, evidencia-se uma lacuna na qualidade da infraestrutura de acesso a estes produtos turísticos no meio rural e uma urgente necessidade de planejamento para este segmento no município. A realização deste trabalho permitiu verificar que o turismo rural em Erechim possui um grande potencial, caracterizando-se como uma alternativa viável para o desenvolvimento do setor.
Reaproveitamento de cinza de casca de arroz e PP- pós consumo
Authors: Marques Correa Priscila , Guimarães Diego , Santana Ruth M. Campomanes , Graeff Angela Gaio
Published: November 2020

A incorporação da cinza de casca de arroz (CCA) está se popularizando devido à crescente conscientização sobre os impactos ambientais resultantes da alta produção de cimento Portland comum. É a característica deste resíduo apresentar alto teor de sílica (SiO2). Uma outra problemática é a grande produção de embalagens alimentícias de polipropileno (PP) que são descartadas após o consumo sem o destino adequado, sendo que estes materiais levam centenas de anos para se degradar. Este artigo analisa as potencialidades da substituição em diferentes teores de cimento pela CCA e da areia pelo PP para a produção de um concreto sustentável. As propriedades mecânicas do concreto são estudadas como parte deste trabalho e o traço foi calculado para produzir um concreto de resistência mecânica de 40MPa para ser utilizado como referência para os demais traços. Os ensaios de resistência à compressão axial, diametral e módulo de elasticidade foi avaliado aos 28 e 90 dias de cura úmida. O uso destes resíduos apresentaram resultados semelhantes ao do concreto de referência, para todas as propriedades avaliadas, podendo-se concluir que com o estudo de traços de diferentes teores destes resíduos pode-se atingir um concreto com bom desempenho mecânico e reduzindo o consumo de cimento e da areia, que é uma matéria prima não renovável.
Benefits of Resistance Training in Older Adults
Authors: Syed-Abdul Majid Mufaqam
Published: November 2020

Aging is a natural process that may lead to detrimental health depending on someone’s
lifestyle, family history, psychological/psychosocial health, chronic medical conditions, and genetics.
However, whether the later conditions lead to faster aging or vice versa, maintaining a healthy
lifestyle and psychological health has been shown to delay the process of aging and its associated
problems. Two major problems that older adults face today are the inability to perform everyday
tasks (defined as activities of daily living) and the increased risk of falls. Lack of muscular function
(including neuromuscular function) and bone health is associated with the inability to perform
the Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and increased risk of falls. This risk of falls has been associated
with cardiovascular-related mortality in older adults. Research has shown that resistance exercises
can maintain normal blood glucose levels, lipids, and cholesterol, and hence the management of
chronic conditions like cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Additionally, resistance exercises
hinder the process of muscular (and neuromuscular) damage, improve bone health and psychological
health and sleep. This mini-review will discuss the benefits of resistance exercises on reversing
or at least ceasing the process of developing conditions associated with aging.
Eksplorasi berpikir kreatif melalui discovery learning Bruner
Authors: Nu'man Mulin
Published: November 2020

Creative thinking is an essential component of advanced mathematical thinking. The components of creative thinking are lateral thinking (creating one’s own and non-routine ways), divergent thinking (using a variety of ways), and convergent-integrative thinking (using patterns in other situations). One way to develop creative thinking is learning with Bruner’s discovery learning model, namely learning with an enactive, iconic, and symbolic stage. Learning activities with Bruner’s discovery learning on the material of the two-variable linear equation system (SPLDV) to explore creative thinking are: 1) preliminary activities: goals and perceptions, 2) core activities include: the enactive stage, which is giving contextual problems to be solved themselves of students to explore lateral thinking, the iconic stage, which is writing solutions and presentations to explore divergent thinking, and the symbolic stage, which is the elaboration of the results of the previous stages to be brought to the mathematical process in the form of modeling and elimination and substitution methods to explore lateral thinking, divergent thinking, and convergent thinking integrative, and 3) closing activities: feedback and conclusions.
Tingkat keterampilan sosial anak tk kelompok b di gugus II kecamatan berbah sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Resmasari Yuana
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana keterampilan sosial anak TK Kelompok B di Gugus II Kecamatan Berbah, Sleman. Penelitian ini fokus pada keterampilan sosial meliputi keterampilan berkomunikasi, menjadi bagian kelompok, kerja sama, kontrol diri, empati dan tanggung jawab. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Gugus II Kecataman Berbah berjumlah 93 anak. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa pedoman observasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan sosial anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Gugus II Kecataman Berbah, Sleman masuk dalam tingkat yang sangat tinggi karena mencakup 49 anak dengan persentasenya 53%; kemudian pada tingkat yang tinggi berjumlah 30 anak dengan persentasenya 32%; tingkat sedang berjumlah 13 anak dengan persentasenya 14%; tingkat rendah berjumlah 1 anak dengan persentasenya 1%; dan tingkat yang sangat rendah berjumlah 0 anak dengan persentasenya 0%. Keluarga, lingkungan, dan sekolah memiliki peran penting dalam perolehan keterampilan sosial anak yang sangat tinggi.
Efektivitas metode pembelajaran PQ4R ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir reflektif matematis dan self-concept siswa
Authors: Permatasari Intan , Noer Sri Hastuti , Gunowibowo Pentatito
Published: November 2020

Penelitian eksperimen semu ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas metode pembelajaran PQ4R (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review) ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir reflektif dan self-concept siswa. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 12 Bandar Lampung tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang terdistribusi dalam sembilan kelas. Dari sembilan kelas tersebut dipilih satu kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas sebagai kelas kontrol. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan tes kemampuan berpikir reflektif matematis dan angket self-concept siswa. Data hasil tes dan angket dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase siswa pada kelas PQ4R dengan kemampuan berpikir reflektif matematis dan self-concept terkategori baik lebih dari 60% dari jumlah siswa, namun peningkatan kemampuan berpikir reflektif matematis dan self-concept siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran PQ4R tidak lebih tinggi daripada peningkatan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran PQ4R tidak efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir reflektif matematis dan self-concept siswa. The effectiveness of the PQ4R learning method in terms of students' mathematical reflective thinking ability and self-conceptAbstractThis quasi-experimental research aimed to examine the effectiveness of the PQ4R (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review) learning method in terms of reflective thinking ability and self-concept of students. The study population was all eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 12 Bandar Lampung (Junior High School) for the 2019/2020 academic year, distributed in nine classes. Of the nine classes, one class was selected as the experimental class and one class as the control class. The research design used was the pretest-posttest control group design. The data was collected using a test of reflective mathematical thinking skills and a students' self-concept questionnaire. Test and questionnaire results were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The results showed that the percentage of students in the PQ4R class with good categories in reflective mathematical thinking and self-concept was more than 60% of students' total number. The increase in mathematical reflective thinking ability and self-concept of students who took PQ4R learning was not higher than the increase in students who follow conventional learning. Thus, it can be concluded that the PQ4R learning method was ineffective in terms of students’ mathematical reflective thinking skills and self-concept.
Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan (PKB) dalam kaitannya dengan kompetensi dan praktik pembelajaran guru matematika SMA
Authors: Nugraheni Theresia Veni Tri , Jailani Jailani
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan (PKB) dalam kaitannya dengan kompetensi dan praktik pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru mate­matika SMA di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif meng­gunakan metode campuran, dengan desain penelitian convergent parallel design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMA peserta Ujian Kompetensi Guru (UKG) matematika tahun 2015 di Kabupaten Kulon Progo yang berjumlah 33 guru. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digu­nakan adalah tes, angket, observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk data kuantitatif yaitu deskriptif dan Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Analisis data kualitatif dianalisis melalui pengkategorian, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan PKB terhadap kompetensi guru matematika SMA di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dengan nilai prediksi sebesar 0,360 (t = 2,51); dan (2) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan PKB terhadap praktik pembelajaran guru matematika SMA di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dengan nilai prediksi sebesar 0,402 (t = 2,25). Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in relation to the competence and learning practices of high school mathematics teachersAbstractThis study aimed to explore Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in relation to the com­petence and teaching practice conducted by senior high school mathematics teachers in Kulon Progo Regency. This study was descriptive research using a mixed-method with convergent parallel design. The research subject was all senior high school mathematics teachers in Kulon Progo Regency who participated in the Teacher Competency Test (or UKG) in 2015, and the subject applied was 33 teachers. The data collection was conducted through a test, question­naire, documentation, observation, and interview. The data analysis used was descriptive and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Qualitative data was analyzed through data categorization, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study showed that: (1) there was a significant influence CPD toward competence of senior high school mathematics teachers in Kulon Progo Regency with prediction value 0.360 (t = 2.51); and (2) there was a significant influence CPD toward teaching practice of senior high school mathematics teachers in Kulon Progo Regency with prediction value 0.402 (t = 2.25).
De-Identification of Facial Features in Magnetic Resonance Images: Software Development Using Deep Learning Technology
Authors: Jeong Yeon Uk , Yoo Soyoung , Kim Young-Hak , Shim Woo Hyun
Published: November 2020

Background

High-resolution medical images that include facial regions can be used to recognize the subject’s face when reconstructing 3-dimensional (3D)-rendered images from 2-dimensional (2D) sequential images, which might constitute a risk of infringement of personal information when sharing data. According to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) privacy rules, full-face photographic images and any comparable image are direct identifiers and considered as protected health information. Moreover, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) categorizes facial images as biometric data and stipulates that special restrictions should be placed on the processing of biometric data.

Objective

This study aimed to develop software that can remove the header information from Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format files and facial features (eyes, nose, and ears) at the 2D sliced-image level to anonymize personal information in medical images.

Methods

A total of 240 cranial magnetic resonance (MR) images were used to train the deep learning model (144, 48, and 48 for the training, validation, and test sets, respectively, from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI] database). To overcome the small sample size problem, we used a data augmentation technique to create 576 images per epoch. We used attention-gated U-net for the basic structure of our deep learning model. To validate the performance of the software, we adapted an external test set comprising 100 cranial MR images from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) database.

Results

The facial features (eyes, nose, and ears) were successfully detected and anonymized in both test sets (48 from ADNI and 100 from OASIS). Each result was manually validated in both the 2D image plane and the 3D-rendered images. Furthermore, the ADNI test set was verified using Microsoft Azure's face recognition artificial intelligence service. By adding a user interface, we developed and distributed (via GitHub) software named “Deface program” for medical images as an open-source project.

Conclusions

We developed deep learning–based software for the anonymization of MR images that distorts the eyes, nose, and ears to prevent facial identification of the subject in reconstructed 3D images. It could be used to share medical big data for secondary research while making both data providers and recipients compliant with the relevant privacy regulations.
Topics of Nicotine-Related Discussions on Twitter: Infoveillance Study (Preprint)
Authors: Allem Jon-Patrick , Dormanesh Allison , Majmundar Anuja , Unger Jennifer B , Kirkpatrick Matthew G , Choube Akshat , Aithal Aneesh , Ferrara Emilio , Boley Cruz Tess
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Cultural trends in the United States, the nicotine consumer marketplace, and tobacco policies are changing.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to identify and describe nicotine-related topics of conversation authored by the public and social bots on Twitter, including any misinformation or misconceptions that health education campaigns could potentially correct.

METHODS

Twitter posts containing the term “nicotine” were obtained from September 30, 2018 to October 1, 2019. Methods were used to distinguish between posts from social bots and nonbots. Text classifiers were used to identify topics in posts (n=300,360).

RESULTS

Prevalent topics of posts included vaping, smoking, addiction, withdrawal, nicotine health risks, and quit nicotine, with mentions of going “cold turkey” and needing help in quitting. Cessation was a common topic, with mentions of quitting and stopping smoking. Social bots discussed unsubstantiated health claims including how hypnotherapy, acupuncture, magnets worn on the ears, and time spent in the sauna can help in smoking cessation.

CONCLUSIONS

Health education efforts are needed to correct unsubstantiated health claims on Twitter and ultimately direct individuals who want to quit smoking to evidence-based cessation strategies. Future interventions could be designed to follow these topics of discussions on Twitter and engage with members of the public about evidence-based cessation methods in near real time when people are contemplating cessation.
A tale of two island nations: SARS-COV-2 management in Mauritius and New Zealand (Preprint)
Authors: Teeluck Mohabeer , Jeeneea Ramanand , Sukon Kaviraj S
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Mauritius has not had any community acquired SARS-COV-2 case for 6 months and is continuing to maintain control over the disease so far. In this study we discuss how the disease initially spread and use New Zealand, another SARS-COV-2 success story, as the comparator.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore how the initial wave progressed in Mauritius, by looking at who was most affected, who were most likely to transmit the disease, what were the most effective measures and how the authorities can be best prepared going forward.

METHODS

Exploratory retrospective analysis of all confirmed cases in Mauritius between 18th March and 30th August 2020. Additionally, a comparative cross-sectional study for confirmed cases between New Zealand and Mauritius.

RESULTS

There were 355 confirmed cases, 62.0% males, median age = 38 years. The majority (64.8%) were asymptomatic during their infection. New Zealanders in the age-group 10-19 years of age were more prone to infections in contrast to the same age category in Mauritius (P=.006). Contact-tracing was effective in both countries, with 65.3% and 66.3% case detection rates in Mauritius and New Zealand respectively. There were 5 major case clusters in Mauritius and there was an association between delay in notification to authorities and spread from each index case. Health sector workers who were infected, made up of 10.4% of Mauritian cases and 14.3% in New Zealand. The geographical coverage of SARS-COV-2 transmission was 67 percent in Mauritius compared to 45 percent in New Zealand. The test positivity rate was above five percent for only the first three weeks of the outbreak in Mauritius whilst it remained below five percent throughout the outbreak in New Zealand.

CONCLUSIONS

Mauritius over-achieved in its fight against SARS-COV-2. Application of the lessons learnt will help better face further waves of the pandemic. We outline five recommendations to attain this objective.
Sulla poesia in dialetto di Giorgio Orelli
Authors: Morinini Ariele
Published: November 2020

Nelle pagine che seguono è proposto un sondaggio preliminare sulla poesia in dialetto di Giorgio Orelli. Mediante l’analisi di una selezione diversificata di esempi, dalle attestazioni lessicali sino agli esiti complessivi, il contributo intende verifi care le ragioni stilistiche, biografi che e sentimentali che motivano l’impiego del registro vernacolare in un’opera letteraria redatta prevalentemente in lingua.
Lire une partition
Authors: Kuon Peter
Published: November 2020

Comment se fait-il que nos sociétés occidentales reconnaissent au chant, au dessin, à la danse, etc., mais aussi à certaines habiletés sportives le prestige de l’art, alors que la lecture n’a rang que de simple compétence ? Comment se fait-il que tout le monde accepte que les premières activités demandent un perfectionnement de longue haleine, alors que la dernière est censée s’apprendre, sans effort supplémentaire, durant les heures de classe ?
Sacrificio, riso ed eroismo. I canti della Grande Guerra come testo mitopoietico
Authors: Mondini Marco
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Incubo di guerra. Francesca Bertini tra metacinema, divismo e propaganda
Authors: Lotti Denis
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In trincea con gli antichi. Ricordi dei classici nei diari e nelle testimonianze della Grande Guerra
Authors: Sandrini Giuseppe
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Carlos Fuentes o la crítica de la historia
Authors: Garrido Ardila Juan Antonio
Published: November 2020

Entre los muchos ensayos sobre el Quijote publicados por distinguidos intelectuales de diversas procedencias y épocas, Cervantes o la crítica de la lectura (1976) de Carlos Fuentes se cuenta entre los menos conocidos. El presente artículo distingue dos aspectos fundamentales de Cervantes o la crítica de la lectura: su comentario literario sobre el Quijote, y su interpretación de esa novela en base al contexto histórico de su composición. A fin de sopesar el valor intrínseco de su comprensión del Quijote, se analiza aquí el marco histórico en el que Fuentes desarrolla su particular lectura de Cervantes y que abarca desde la Edad Media al siglo xvii, con especial atención a los Reyes Católicos, a Carlos V y a la Inquisición.
Analysis of Professional and Educational Profile of Nurses of a General Hospital, to Create Professional Competence Matrix
Authors: Zahn Erthal Giselly de Oliveira , Costa Teixeira Renato da
Published: November 2020

This study tries to identify the perceptions of hospital nurses about the gaps and skills found during their training process that can help in the construction of a matrix of competence for working in a general hospital. This study is descriptive and exploratory, with a quantitative-qualitative approach, in which 30 hospital nurses participated. The data was collected through the application of a semi-structured interview and were analyzed using the Bardin technique. The participation of nurses brought answers so that gaps observed in their graduation, are reduced through future planning of teaching learning of a nursing undergraduate course, which will be addressed and developed in hospital practice. It is determined for the need to build a matrix of professional competence for nurses to work in a general hospital, strengthening the training of these future professionals.
SLC54 Mitochondrial pyruvate carriers (version 2020.5) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
Authors: Wilson Calum
Published: November 2020

Pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl‐CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase which is localized in the mitochondrial matrix. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) is a hetero-oligomer composed of SLC54 family members (MPC1 and MPC2). The MPC is expressed in the inner mitochondrial membrane and involved in the import of pyruvate into mitochondria [1, 5]. Ubiquitous disruption of either MPC1 or MPC2 expression results in embryonic lethality [7, 8]. Clinically relevant concentrations of the insulin sensitizers, thiazolidinediones, specifically inhibit the MPC [3].
Complement peptide receptors (version 2020.5) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
Authors: Cianciulli Antonia , Coulthard Liam , Hawksworth Owen , Lee John D. , Li Xiang X. , Mitolo Vincenzo , Monk Peter , Panaro Maria A. , Woodruff Trent M.
Published: November 2020

Complement peptide receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR subcommittee on Complement peptide receptors [103]) are activated by the endogenous ~75 amino-acid anaphylatoxin polypeptides C3a and C5a, generated upon stimulation of the complement cascade. C3a and C5a exert their functions through binding to their receptors (C3aR and C5aR), causing cell activation and triggering cellular degranulation that contributes to the local inflammation.
Perfil Clinico das crianças atendidas na APAE de Concórdia com histórico de prematuridade
Authors: Zat Jaqueline , Benelli Denise Aparecida de Almeida
Published: November 2020

A prematuridade é o problema atual mais importante associado a morbidade e mortalidade no inicio da vida. Objetivo: Identificar o perfil clínico das crianças atendidas na APAE de Concórdia/SC com histórico de prematuridade. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa desenvolvida com crianças que apresentam histórico de prematuridade com faixa etária entre 0 a 12 anos, sendo por meio de análise dos prontuários localizados na APAE e repassada as informações para a ficha de avaliação, onde foram coletados os dados pré natais, intercorrências peri natais, e o quadro clínico da criança atualmente. Resultados: foram avaliadas os prontuários de 24 crianças com idade de 0 a 12 anos. 88% da mães realizaram exames pré natais e 67% tiveram intercorrências durante a gestação, sendo a mais comum 35% pré eclâmpsia e apresentam o quadro motor atual mais comum 66,6% atraso na linguagem, 62,5 atraso no DNPM, e 37,5% Paralisia cerebral. Conclusão: Pela gravidade das seqüelas é fundamental e de extrema necessidade que as crianças freqüentem a APAE, como terapia multidisciplinar e específica para cada caso.
Qualidade de vida dos servidores em processo de envelhecimento - IFPR Campus Palmas
Authors: Ribeiro Cezar Grontowski , Shimosaka Aline Mati , Da Costa David
Published: November 2020

Introdução: todo ano cerca de 650 mil brasileiros ingressam na chamada terceira idade. Atualmente, percebe-se maior prevalência de doenças crônico-degenerativas, interferindo na qualidade de vida (QV) desses idosos. Objetivo: verificar a QV do servidor federal que se encontra na fase da senescência, atuante em instituição situada no sul do Estado do Paraná. Materiais e métodos: participaram do estudo 36 servidores docentes, técnicos administrativos e terceirizados, de ambos os sexos, com faixa etária entre 40 e 57 anos. Os dados foram obtidos por meio do Whoqol-bref (avaliação da qualidade de vida), IPAQ (avaliação do nível de atividade física) e Questionário da ABEP (avaliação da condição socioeconômica). A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Pesquisa e Extensão. Resultados: observa-se que o nível de condição econômica parece ser fundamental na concepção da QV dos sujeitos, apresentando índices melhores em indivíduos com maior poder de renda. O nível de atividade física não se mostrou interferente na percepção da QV para essa população. A proximidade da velhice não parece ser ainda um fator que interfere nas percepções de QV dos sujeitos da pesquisa. Conclusão: A atividade física não apresentou interferência, ao passo que a renda se mostrou fundamental para índices mais positivos de QV.