bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sharia Financing in Improving the Ummah's Economy
Authors: Safitri Ika
Published: December 2024

Sharia financing is one of the important instruments in the modern economy, especially in the context of the people's economy. The basic concept of sharia financing that is free from elements of riba, gharar (uncertainty), and maysir (gambling), offers alternative solutions for Muslims in carrying out economic activities in accordance with sharia principles. In its development, sharia financing has proven to make a significant contribution to improving the welfare of the people, both through the micro, small, and medium (MSME) sector and other sectors. Through Islamic financial institutions, such as Islamic banks, Islamic cooperatives, and non-bank financial institutions, Islamic financing provides fairer and more transparent access to financing, as well as reducing economic inequality. Financing based on mudharabah, musharakah, murabahah, and ijarah, for example, encourages collaboration between capital owners and entrepreneurs, increases productivity, and creates wider employment. In addition, sharia products such as sukuk also play an important role in attracting beneficial investments for infrastructure development and increasing the economic capacity of the community. However, although sharia financing has great potential, challenges still exist, such as the lack of public understanding of sharia products, limited access to sharia financial institutions in certain regions, and challenges in creating a supportive ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to increase Islamic financial literacy, strengthen regulations, and support from the government and the community to optimize the role of Islamic financing in improving the economy of the people in a sustainable manner.
Pengaruh Peningkatan Infrastruktur Terhadap Ketimpangan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Putri Ragel Yona , Andiny Puti , Safuridar Safuridar , Martahadi Martahadi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisa bagaimana peningkatan infrastruktur di Provinsi Sumatera Utara mempengaruhi ketimpangan ekonomi. Meskipun dapat mendorong perluasan ekonomi, infrastruktur yang memadai tidak selalu menjamin pemerataan perekonomian. Studi ini melihat pengaruh panjang jalan, penjualan listrik pelanggan, dan jumlah air bersih yang diberikan kepada pengguna. Data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatera Utara dianalisis menggunakan model regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini dapat membantu pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Utara mengembangkan kebijakan yang dapat meningkatkan infrastruktur dan mengurangi kesenjangan ekonomi dengan memberikan masukan dan saran. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya infrastruktur dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan mengurangi ketimpangan sekaligus memberikan kontribusi di bidang perekonomian, khususnya di bidang kesenjangan ekonomi dan infrastruktur.
Pengaruh Foreign Direct Investment dan Ekspor terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia periode tahun 1981-2022
Authors: Jumaedi M. , Budiman  , Rishan Adha
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan unutk mengetahui pengaruh dari Foreign Direct Investment dan Ekspor terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan analisis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) untuk melihat pengaruh variabel independent terhadap variabel dependen. Data penelitian ini menggunakan data time series dari tahun 1981-2022 yang diperoleh dari worldbank. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah GDP untuk memproksikan pertumbuhan ekonomi kemudian Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) dan Ekspor. Hasil uji empiris menggunakan analisis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) menemukan bahwa 1. Foreign Direct Investment dan Ekspor secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap GDP di Indonesia. 2. Foreign Direct Investment berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap GDP di Indonesia. 3. Ekspor berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap GDP di Indonesia.
Advancing Education: Emerging Tools for Distributed Learning
Authors: Msekelwa Dr Patrick Zingisa
Published: December 2024

The rapid evolution of technology has transformed traditional educational paradigms, giving rise to distributed learning models that transcend geographical and temporal boundaries. This study explores the emerging tools and technologies driving the advancement of distributed learning, focusing on their application, benefits, and challenges in contemporary education. Key innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), cloud-based platforms, and adaptive learning systems are examined for their role in enhancing learner engagement, personalization, and accessibility. The article also highlights the implications of these technologies for educators, institutions, and policymakers in designing effective and inclusive learning environments. By analyzing current trends and future prospects, this research aims to provide a comprehensive framework for leveraging technological advancements to foster equitable and high-quality education for all.
Intersecting Identities: Gender, Race, and Class through the Lens of Interdisciplinary Inquiry
Authors: Bennamate Safa
Published: December 2024

This article explores the intersectionality of gender, race, and class through the lens of interdisciplinary inquiry, highlighting how these social identities intersect to shape individuals’ experiences, opportunities, and challenges. By examining theoretical frameworks and empirical research from multiple disciplines, the study reveals the complex and multifaceted ways in which gender, race, and class interact and inform one another. The article emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding the nuances of identity and social inequality, offering new insights into how these identities are negotiated and experienced across different contexts. Drawing on case studies and contemporary examples, the article critically engages with existing literature to expand the conversation on how social categories are interwoven and how they influence power dynamics, privilege, and marginalization. Through this interdisciplinary lens, the paper proposes new avenues for research and practice aimed at addressing intersectional inequities and promoting social justice.
Exploring the Role of Behavioral Economics in Understanding Decision-Making Processes
Authors: Islam Md.Mafiqul
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to underscore the invaluable role of behavioral economics in elucidating the decision-making process. In order to comprehensively grasp the attitudes and mechanisms underlying decision-making, it becomes imperative to integrate subjective and psychological dimensions inherent in behavioral economics. Such integration redefines rational behavior beyond the confines of classical and neoclassical paradigms, opening new avenues of exploration. While this approach may challenge conventional economic development models, its consideration of multifaceted factors influencing individual decision-making promises a more nuanced understanding of economic phenomena and the discovery of viable solutions.
Approaching Gender Issues from a Socio-Political Perspective
Authors: Khan Rashed
Published: December 2024

This article explores the role of gender in the political sphere of both state and society. Beginning with an examination of the term "gender," its origins, and the conceptual frameworks developed by Western scholars, the article delves into the study of gender relations. Through the use of data and statistical examples, it emphasizes the significance of gender policy in addressing political challenges faced by public authorities, particularly in light of the increasing importance of women's participation in modern politics.The focus then shifts to international efforts aimed at reforming gender policies, with specific attention given to developments in Uzbekistan. The article concludes by highlighting the necessity of ensuring gender equality while enhancing women's political participation in public administration. It offers recommendations for achieving these goals and emphasizes the importance of gender-inclusive political practices.
การประยุกต์ใช้ฮาร์ดแวร์เสมือนจริงสำหรับการติดตามกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุดของ แผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ด้วยวิธีโครงข่ายประสาทเทียม
Authors: ทองประศรี ไพโรจน์ , สุทธิ ธาม
Published: December 2024

ฮาร์ดแวร์เสมือนจริงเป็นเทคโนโลยีสำหรับการจำลองฮาร์ดแวร์แบบวนซ้ำที่มีความน่าเชื่อถือสูง โดยไม่ต้องสร้างระบบจริงทำให้ประหยัดต้นทุน และช่วยลดระยะเวลาในการพัฒนาระบบ บทความนี้นำเสนอการประยุกต์ใช้ฮาร์ดแวร์เสมือนจริงรุ่น HIL404 สำหรับระบบการติดตามกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุดของแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ด้วยวิธีโครงข่ายประสาทเทียม ระบบประกอบด้วยแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ต่อร่วมกับวงจรยกระดับแรงดันโดยการปรับค่าวัฏจักรทำงานให้เหมาะสมเพื่อจ่ายกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุดให้กับโหลด วิธีการสร้างแบบจำลองโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมในฮาร์ดแวร์เสมือนจริงถูกสร้างจากโปรแกรม Matlab/Simulink ผ่านฟังก์ชัน fmi ซึ่งเป็นวิธีการที่ลดความซับซ้อน แผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์รุ่น DXP72-Z-330 ต่ออนุกรมกัน 7 แผง ซึ่งมีพิกัดแรงดัน 261 V ที่กำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุด 2,300 W ถูกนำมาใช้สำหรับเก็บข้อมูลค่าความเข้มรังสีอาทิตย์ ค่าอุณหภูมิ และค่าแรงดันไฟฟ้าเป็นเวลา 1 สัปดาห์ เพื่อสร้างแบบจำลองโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมแบบป้อนข้อมูลไปข้างหน้าโดยใช้การเรียนรู้แบบแพร่ย้อนกลับ ชุดข้อมูลที่ใช้สอนโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมคือค่าความเข้มรังสีอาทิตย์และอุณหภูมิ ส่วนผลลัพธ์ที่ต้องการคือค่าแรงดันไฟฟ้าของระบบซึ่งทำให้เกิดกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุด บทความนี้ได้ทดสอบและวิเคราะห์หาฟังก์ชันการแปลงที่เหมาะสมของโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมแบบ 1 ชั้นช่อนและแบบ 2 ชั้นซ่อน ผลที่ได้พบว่าฟังก์ชันที่เหมาะสมคือ Linear ค่าเฉลี่ยความคลาดเคลื่อนร้อยละสัมบูรณ์ของแบบ 1 ชั้นซ่อนมีค่า 31.114 ส่วนแบบ 2 ชั้นซ่อนมีค่า 8.248 โดยโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมแบบ 2 ชั้นซ่อนมีเกณฑ์การพยากรณ์ค่อนข้างแม่นยำ นอกจากนี้บทความได้ทดสอบเปรียบเทียบสมรรถนะของระบบการติดตามกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุดแบบโครงข่ายประสาทเทียม 1 ชั้นซ่อน และ 2 ชั้นซ่อน กับวิธีการรบกวนและสังเกต โดยใช้ชุดข้อมูล 1,200 ข้อมูล โหลดเป็นความต้านทาน 45  ผลทดสอบที่ได้ระบบการติดตามกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุดแบบโครงข่ายประสาทเทียม 2 ชั้นซ่อน เกิดค่ากำลังไฟฟ้าที่โหลดสูงกว่าแบบวิธีการรบกวนและสังเกตเล็กน้อยและสามารถติดตามกำลังไฟฟ้าสูงสุดได้ถูกต้อง
Belâgatın Cerh ve Ta‘dîl İlmine Etkisi
Authors: Demir Necip Sefa
Published: December 2024

Dirâyetü’l-hadîs ilimlerinin belâgat ile ilişkisinin oldukça fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Rivâyetü’l-hadîs, Resûlullah’ın (s.a.s.) sözlerini, fiillerini, takrîrlerini, vasıflarını ve farklı durumlar karşısında takındığı tavırlarını, bunların zabt ve rivâyet edilişini; dirâyetü’l-hadîs ise en genel tanımıyla sened ve metin durumlarını anlamaya imkân veren kaideler ilmidir. Bunun yanında metin tenkidi esaslarını da kapsamına aldığından muhaddislerin sadece senedle meşgul olduklarını ve metni ihmal ettiklerini düşünmek eksik ve yanlış bir değerlendirmedir. Eskiden beri hadîs ve belâgat ilişkisi, özellikle hadîs metinlerinin doğru anlaşılması noktasında olmuş olsa da senedi ilgilendiren râvî değerlendirmelerinde (cerh/ta‘dîl) de oldukça fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda cerh ve ta‘dil ilmi belâgat nazarıyla incelenmiş ve özellikle râvî değerlendirmeleri olarak bilinen pekçok tevsîk veya cerh ifadesinin aslında belâgî inceliklerle dolu olduğu hatta belâgat bilgisi olmaksızın bunların doğru ve maksadına uygun olarak anlaşılamayacağı tespit edilmiştir. Cerh/ta‘dîl ve belâgat ilimlerinin etkileşimini konu edinen bu çalışma üç başlıkta ele alınmıştır. Bunlar; iki ilmin genel ilişkisi, ta‘dîl ifadelerinde belâgî sanatlar ve cerh ifadelerinde belâgî sanatlar şeklinde ele alınmıştır.
THE COMPUTING MODELING THE HEAT EXCHANGE PROCESS
Authors: Labinsky Alexander
Published: December 2024

The article considers mathematical models of calculation of thermal conductivity in a constant cross-section rod, change of a liquid temperature along the length of the pipe and calculation of two-dimensional temperature field of liquid under the flow in the pipe.
The mathematical model of fluid flow in the tube is realized in the form of a program for computers. The results of modeling of processes of heat conduction and heat exchange are presented.
The task of simulation of heat exchange processes using numerical method of solving the Cauchy problem in the form of finite differences is considered in detail. This approach makes it possible to calculate the value of the studied parameter at any point of the object under investigation. The numerical method involves obtaining a system of algebraic equations for unknown variables and an algorithm for solving these equations.
The main dependencies describing the process of thermal conductivity in the rod of the final length are given. The results of the calculation of the temperature change by the length of the rod are presented in a graphical presentation.
The main dependencies describing the process of temperature change of the liquid flowing through the pipe are given. The results of the calculation of temperature pressure change over the length of the pipe are presented in a graphical presentation.
The problem statement and mathematical model of the process of flow of incompressible liquid in the pipe are considered in detail. On the basis of the developed mathematical model, a computer model, implemented in the form of a program for computers, was created. The results of calculation, using the method of running, of two-dimensional temperature field of liquid along the pipe length are presented. The temperature dependence of the liquid in the various nodal points of the pipe section along the length of the pipe is presented in a graphical form.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF AN ACCIDENT OF LIFTING STRUCTURES DURING THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE BRIDGE
Authors: Nemtsov Vladimir
Published: December 2024

This work is devoted to assessing the risk of an accident of lifting structures during the construction of the bridge. The object of research in this work is a SENEBOGEN 7700 jib type crawler crane, the subject of the study is an accident risk assessment. After analyzing the accident statistics when using lifting structures, the main types of defects leading to an accident were identified. With the help of the «Tree of failures» method, the probabilities of the accident occurrence were found on the SENEBOGEN 7770 boom type crawler crane when moving the pile. Then, using the method of analysis of the types, consequences and criticality of failures (FMECA), the risk priority was assessed by conducting an expert survey to identify the most dangerous of the selected types of failures and to rank these defects according to the degree of criticality for the construction object and the person. After the ranking, measures were proposed in the work that will reduce the risk of an accident at the construction site.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE OCCURRENCE OF FIRES IN BUILDINGS
Authors: Анастасия Владимирова
Published: December 2024

Fires can have a direct or indirect impact on the durability and performance of a building. Even though many methods of fire prevention and detection are used today, fires in buildings are still considered a serious threat to residents. To identify the factors that most affect the occurrence of a fire, a comprehensive analysis of past fires in buildings was carried out. As factors influencing the occurrence of fires in buildings, the features of the building design, reconstruction methods, human behavior, fire safety rules, building codes and regulations, fire extinguishing means and methods, as well as the ideas of architects and engineers about fire safety were identified. The paper attempts to lay the foundation for a better understanding of past fires and the desire to create fire-resistant buildings in the future.
ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES TO MODELING THE OCCURRENCE, DEVELOPMENT AND ELIMINATION OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AT HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING FACILITIES
Authors: Smolyakova Anastasia
Published: December 2024

Currently, an important problem, both for society and for the economy of the country as a whole, remains the problem of the safety of water bodies, especially dams and other hydraulic structures. To date, there are more than 29 thousand hydraulic structures in the Russian Federation. The destruction of such facilities is of both defense, economic and social significance for the country, as well as a potential danger to the health and life of the population, as well as the entire natural environment. About 100 million people live in the zone of possible impact of damaging factors. Based on this, we can conclude that there is a need to minimize the probability of such events.
Recently, the use of new innovative methods of monitoring hydraulic structures, including mathematical methods, has been intensively developing. In this paper, an analysis of approaches to modeling the occurrence, development and elimination of emergencies at hydraulic engineering facilities is carried out. Methods of mathematical modeling and forecasting of the situation in case of emergency situations at hydraulic engineering facilities are considered. The technology of situational modeling of natural and man-made emergencies is considered. The features of using various calculation methods to assess the consequences and dynamics of hazardous situations at hydraulic structures are shown
THE USE OF SIMULATION MODELING TO ASSESS THE EQUIPMENT OF FOREST FIREFIGHTING UNITS WITH FIREFIGHTING FORCES
Authors: Gavrilova Marina , Aleshkov Aleksander
Published: December 2024

At present, there is an increase in the scale of forest fires and, accordingly, an increase in damage from them. Effective fighting of forest fires contributes to the reduction of the consequences of forest fires. The effectiveness of forest fire suppression is influenced by the state of the country's forest fire system. Based on the analysis of the state of the forest fire system of the country revealed that the effectiveness of units to extinguish forest fires is influenced by the equipment of units with firefighting forces and means. The purpose of this work is to develop a simulation model of forest firefighting units to assess the equipment of subdivisions with firefighting forces and means. The method of simulation modeling was used in this work. As a simulation tool the software product AnyLogic was used. This paper describes the development of a forest firefighting unit model for extinguishing forest fires. Also in this work the possibility of using the developed model for the evaluation of the forest firefighting units with firefighting forces and means has been considered.
RUSSIA'S CHAIRMANSHIP IN THE ARCTIC COUNCIL. EMERGENCY MEASURES
Authors: Rasskazova Inga
Published: December 2024

The Arctic Council is described, the history of its formation, structure, and the activities of the EMERCOM of Russia in the working group on prevention, preparedness and emergency response are presented. Most of the publication is devoted to the approaches of the Russian Federation to issues of interaction within the framework of the Arctic council. The characteristic features of the Arctic council are noted, including the absence of military-oriented tasks. The content and implementation of the Plan of main activities in connection with the chairmanship of the Russian Federation in the Arctic council in 2021–2023 are analyzed. In the context of emergency prevention in the region, there is a general increase in tension in the Arctic in the context of the impact of a special military operation in Ukraine. It is concluded that the solution of the urgent problems of the region is possible only on the basis of balanced and mutually beneficial international cooperation for the development of the Arctic zone.
დეზინფორმაცია ციფრულ ეპოქაში: გამოწვევები, შედეგები და გადაწყვეტილებები
Authors: სივსივაძე სოფია
Published: December 2024

ციფრულ ეპოქაში დეზინფორმაციის გავრცელება მნიშვნელოვან გლობალურ პრობლემად იქცა. სოციალური მედიისა და ციფრული პლატფორმების სწრაფმა ზრდამ საშუალება მისცა ცრუ და შეცდომაში შემყვანმა ინფორმაციამ რამდენიმე წუთში მიაღწიოს ფართო აუდიტორიამდე. ცრუ ინფორმაციის გავრცელება შეიძლება უნებლიედაც მოხდეს. თუმცა, დეზინფორმაცია წარმოადგენს განზრახ არასწორი ან შეცდომაში შემყვანი ინფორმაციის გავრცელებას საზოგადოებაში, ხშირად პოლიტიკური, სოციალური ან ფინანსური მიზნებისთვის. დეზინფორმაცია თანამედროვე სამყაროს ანგარიშგასაწევი გამოწვევაა, რომე-ლიც ხელს უშლის დემოკრატიის განვითარებას და ჩამოყალიბებას ნებისმიერ სახელმწიფოში. ის შექმნილია საზოგადოების მოტყუების მანიპულირების და უთანხმოების დათესვის განზრახვით. მისი მთავარი მიზანია კონკრეტული მოგების მიღება ან ინფორმაციის გავრცელება, რომელიც საზოგადოების აზრის ჩამოყალიბებაზე მოახდენს გავლენას და შეცვლის ადამიანების ქმედებებს. პოლიტიკური სისტემების, მედიის და სამოქალაქო საზოგადოების განვითარების თვალსაზრისით, მათი მრავალფეროვნების მიუხე-დავად, მსოფლიოს ქვეყნები მრავალი გამოწვევის წინაშე დგებიან, როდესაც საქმე ეხება დეზინფორმაციას. წინამდებარე სტატიაში განხილულია ციფრულ ეპოქაში დეზინფორმაციის გამოწვევები, მისი ფართო შედეგები და შესაძლო გადაწყვეტილებები მისი მავნე ზემოქმედების თავიდან ასაცილებლად.
ძალოვანი უწყებების პერსპექტივიდან დანახული, დაგეგმის, პროგრამირებისა და ბიუჯეტირების გამოწვევები კრიზისული სიტუაციების დროს
Authors: ქვარიანი ნუგზარ
Published: December 2024

დაგეგმვა, პროგრამირება და ბიუჯეტირება ნებისმიერ ორგანიზაციაში საყურადღებო და მნიშვნელოვანი პროცესია, ასევე, საყურადღებოა გარემო, რომლის დროსაც ორგანიზაციის მენეჯმენტსა და პასუხისმგებელ პირებს უწევთ მსგავსი პროცესის განხორციელება, ისეთი ორგანიზაციებისათვის, როგორიცაა თავდაცვის სამინისტრო ან სხვა ძალოვანი უწყებები, ხშირ შემთხვევაში, PPBS-ის პროცესის დროს აწყდებიან გამოწვევებს, რომლებსაც ამძიმებს ოპერირების გარემო. კრიზისის დროს, როგორიცაა: ბუნებრივი კატასტროფები, პანდემიები ან შეიარაღებული კონფლიქტები, ეფექტური დაგეგმვა, პროგრამირება და ბიუჯეტირება (PPB) გადამწყვეტია სამხედრო ორგანიზაციებისთვის სწრაფი და ეფექტური რეაგირებისთვის. თუმცა, კრიზისული სიტუაციები წარმოადგენს უნიკალურ გამოწვევებს, რომლებიც ართულებს PPB პროცესს. მოცემულ ნაშრომში განხილულია მთავარი გამოწვევები, რომლებსაც აწყდებიან ძალოვანი უწყებები PPB-ში კრიზისული სიტუაციების დროს. მაგალითების განხილვის საფუძველზე წარმოჩენილია გამოწვევები და მათი დადგენისა თუ გადალახვის სტრატეგიები. ნაშრომის მიზანია წარმოაჩინოს ძალოვანი უწყებებისათვის დაგეგმვის, პროგრამირებისა და ბიუჯეტირების როლი კრიზისული სიტუაციების მართვასა და მათ ეფექტურ მოგვარებაში.
საზოგადოებრივი სერვისების ციფრულიზაცია
Authors: სილაგაძე ალუდა
Published: December 2024

ციფრული სერვისების განვითარება თანამედროვე სახელმწიფო მმართველობის ერთ-ერთი უმნიშვნელოვანესი მიმართულებაა, რომელიც მიზნად ისახავს მოქალაქეებისთვის უფრო სწრაფი, გამჭვირვალე და ეფექტიანი მომსახურების გაწევას. აღნიშნული კვლევის მიზანია ციფრული სერვისების დანერგვის მნიშვნელობის, არსებული გამოწვევებისა და მათი გადაჭრის გზების შეფასება, ასევე წარმატებული ქვეყნების გამოცდილების მიმოხილვა. კვლევა აერთიანებს თეორიულ ანალიზსა და პრაქტიკულ მაგალითებს, რაც ციფრული ტრანსფორმაციის პოტენციალის სრულ სურათს გვაჩვენებს.
ციფრული სერვისების წარმატებულად დანერგვა დამოკიდებულია რამდენიმე კრიტიკულ ფაქტორზე, რომელთა შორისაა ტექნოლოგიური ინფრასტრუქტურის განვითარება, კიბერუსაფრთხოების მექანიზმების გაძლიერება, ციფრული განათლების ხელშეწყობა და მოქალაქეებზე ორიენტირებული სერვისების დიზაინი. კვლევაში განხილულია ესტონეთის, სინგაპურისა და სკანდინავიური ქვეყნების წარმატებული მაგალითები, რომლებიც ციფრული მმართველობის გლობალურ ლიდერებად ითვლებიან. ამ ქვეყნების გამოცდილება აჩვენებს, რომ ციფრული სერვისების ინტეგრირება არა მხოლოდ ამარტივებს ადმინისტრაციულ პროცესებს, არამედ ზრდის მოქალაქეთა ჩართულობას და ნდობას სახელმწიფოს მიმართ.
მიუხედავად ამ წარმატებებისა, ციფრული სერვისების დანერგვას თან ახლავს მნიშვნელოვანი გამოწვევები. ერთ-ერთი მთავარი პრობლემაა ტექნოლოგიური ინფრასტრუქტურის ნაკლებობა, რაც განსაკუთრებით მწვავედ იგრძნობა რეგიონებში. გარდა ამისა, ციფრული უნარ-ჩვევების დეფიციტი ართულებს მოქალაქეებისა და საჯარო სექტორის თანამშრომლების მიერ ციფრული სერვისების გამოყენებას. ასევე კრიტიკული მნიშვნელობის გამოწვევაა კიბერუსაფრთხოება, ვინაიდან პერსონალური მონაცემების დაცვის საკითხი ციფრული ტრანსფორმაციის ერთ-ერთ მთავარ სუსტ წერტილად რჩება.
პრობლემების დასაძლევად საჭიროა ინფრასტრუქტურული ინვესტიციების გაზრდა, ინტერნეტიზაციის პროცესის დაჩქარება და ინოვაციური ტექნოლოგიების დანერგვა. ციფრული განათლების პროგრამები უნდა განხორციელდეს ყველა დონეზე სკოლებიდან დაწყებული დასრულებული საჯარო მოხელეების ტრენინგებამდე, რაც უზრუნველყოფს მოსახლეობის ციფრული უნარების გაუმჯობესებას. ასევე მნიშვნელოვანია კიბერუსაფრთხოების მექანიზმების გაძლიერება და მონაცემთა დაცვის თანამედროვე სტანდარტების დანერგვა.
რეკომენდაციები მოიცავს:
ტექნოლოგიური ინფრასტრუქტურის გაძლიერებას – მაღალსიჩქარიანი ინტერნეტის უზრუნველყოფა ყველა რეგიონში.
ციფრული ლიტერატურის ამაღლებას – საგანმანათლებლო კამპანიებისა და ტრენინგების საშუალებით.
საჯარო-კერძო პარტნიორობის ხელშეწყობას – ინოვაციური ტექნოლოგიების განვითარების დაჩქა-რებისთვის.
მოქალაქეებზე ორიენტირებული სერვისების შექმნას – მარტივი და ინტუიციური პლატფორმების საშუალებით.
კიბერუსაფრთხოების სტანდარტების გაძლიერებას – ინფორმაციული უსაფრთხოების მაღალი დონის უზრუნველსაყოფად.
ციფრული სერვისების განვითარება არამხოლოდ ტექნოლოგიური ინოვაციაა, არამედ მნიშვნე-ლოვანი ინსტრუმენტი, რომელიც აძლიერებს სახელმწიფოსა და საზოგადოების ურთიერთობას. მის წარმატებას განსაზღვრავს ინკლუზიური მიდგომა, სისტემური ინვესტიციები და მოქალაქეების საჭიროებებზე ორიენტირებული სერვისების განვითარება. კვლევის შედეგები ცხადყოფს, რომ ციფრული ტრანსფორმაცია მნიშვნელოვან როლს შეასრულებს მმართველობის ეფექტიანობის, გამჭვირვალობისა და მოქალაქეთა ჩართულობის გაძლიერებაში.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis PowerPoint Interaktif Materi Perubahan Wujud Zat untuk Siswa Kelas IV SD
Authors: Ermawati Alia , Rista Lutvi Fidya , Ummah Alisya Roisatul , Putri Faza Brilliani Wahono , Umah Silvia Nashihatul , Istiq'faroh Nurul , Zahroh Ulfi Aminatuz
Published: December 2024

The development of interactive PowerPoint-based learning media with material on changes in the state of matter is an innovation that can help students' understanding of learning in grade IV of elementary school. This study was conducted based on the problem of the lack of innovation in the learning media used, which has triggered a decline in student learning outcomes. The research method used is Research and Development (RnD). The subjects used in this study included 2 validators, namely media experts and material experts, and 8 questionnaire respondents, namely grade IV elementary school students. The results of the study showed that interactive PowerPoint-based learning media were very suitable for use in learning. The results of the study indicate that interactive PowerPoint-based learning media is very feasible to be used in learning. This result is shown from the average assessment of expert validation of 95.55% with a very good category.
Kimia Hijau dan Ajaran Islam: Solusi Berkelanjutan untuk Tantangan Lingkungan
Authors: Sari Putri Nilam , Mawarni Rinda Febriyanti , Rahmah Mutia
Published: December 2024

Paradigma baru yang dikenal sebagai kimia hijau menekankan pengembangan proses kimia yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Konsep-konsep ini termasuk pengurangan energi, efisiensi atom, penggunaan pelarut dan bahan baku yang aman, dan pencegahan pencemaran. Ajaran Islam juga sangat memperhatikan kelestarian lingkungan. Konsep khalifah fil ardh, yang menempatkan manusia sebagai pemimpin di bumi, membawa konsekuensi moral untuk melestarikan dan menjaga alam. Banyak ayat dan hadis dalam Al-Qur'an dan hadis mendorong umat Islam untuk menjaga alam dan tidak merusaknya. Untuk mengumpulkan data tentang kimia hijau dan ajaran Islam sebagai solusi berkelanjutan untuk tantangan lingkungan, studi ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka. Untuk melakukan ini, buku-buku, artikel, dan jurnal digunakan melalui Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode kimia hijau lebih efisien dan berdampak lebih sedikit pada lingkungan.
Comparison of Students' Mathematical Communication Ability Between Think Pair Share and Numbered Head Together Cooperative Learning Model
Authors: Sayekti Febriyanti , Siagian Pargaulan
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to find out the comparison between students' mathematical communication ability taught by Think Pair Share and Numbered Head Together cooperative learning model. The population in the study were all students in grade X MAN 2 Model Medan. The sample were all students of class X-C with 37 students as experimental class I and class X-H with 36 students as experimental class II, which were selected through random sampling technique. The experimental class I was taught by Think Pair Share cooperative learning model while the experimental class II with Numbered Head Together cooperative learning model. This research was quasi experimental with posttest only control group design. Data collection instrument used was mathematics communication ability test that have been tested for validity and reliability. Before testing the hypothesis, normality test was carried out using Shapiro-Wilk test and homogeinity test using Levene test on the research data. The results showed that the samples came from normal and homogeneous distributed population. Hypothesis testing with t-test show that t_count>t_table(2,4 > 1,666). Thus H_0 is rejected and H_1 is accepted, so students’ mathematical communication ability taught by Think Pair Share cooperative learning model is better than the students’ mathematical communication ability taught by Numbered Head Together cooperative learning model.
Increasing the Efficiency of Receivables Control Systems at PT. WCM Lampung
Authors: Cahyadi Muhammad Tri , Tania Atika Lusi
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted at PT. WCM Lampung. The company operates in the distribution of food products and non-food products. Even though there are procedures implemented internal control of trade receivables, receivables granting policies business, and the process of collecting business receivables, there are still receivables unreliable business. The research method used descriptive qualitative method. The object of this research is internal control system on receivables. From the research results it was concluded that the internal control of PT. WCM Lampung still has several weaknesses and obstacles. This company in the beginning used an internal control system, but the system changed become SAFI (System Accounting, Financing and Inventory). One of SAFI's roles is to supervise credit sales transactions. The payment terms set for consumers of PT. WCM Lampung is 3/14. n/75. In terms of collecting receivables that have been maturity, there are several obstacles. The obstacle faced by PT WCM Lampung is that input errors often occur and there is no formation of a receivables Collection Team to the customer.
Strategies for Utilizing Technology in Learning
Authors: Abbas Azwar , Nurjannah Asfinatu , Isnaini Rahma , Eliyana Ema
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the intercultural relationship development of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students participating in an International Learning Program. Amid travel restrictions, a limited number of students engaged in a cross-border experience in Malaysia and Singapore. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research examines the stages of intercultural relationship development and associated challenges. Twenty eighth-grade students from East Java, Indonesia, comprising an equal distribution of male and female participants, were selected for the study. Through analysis, three distinctive stages emerged in the process of intercultural competence (ICC) development: "trial," involving the exploration of new customs and habits; "enmeshment," focusing on individual character growth in new contexts; and "renegotiation," emphasizing dialogue and reflection on cultural experiences' impacts. Drawing on existing literature, the study proposes strategies for ICC development, including self-awareness, cultural awareness, motivation enhancement, and cultural knowledge acquisition. Additionally, ICC improvement techniques, such as cultural assimilation, comparison methods, and reformulation, were identified as valuable tools for English language instruction.
PERANAN KATEKESE DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN UMAT PAROKI SANTO YOHANES PEMANDI NAESLEU TENTANG SIKAP TUBUH DAN TATA GERAK LITURGI DALAM TERANG DESIDERIO DESIDERAVI
Authors: Sabu Ola Maria Inosensia , Metom Philipus Benitius , Aek Klau Yohana Aek Klau
Published: December 2024

Movements in the liturgy are an important part of a celebration of faith. The same or uniform body posture depicts the unity of the people who are gathered to celebrate the liturgical celebration. However, in reality there are still many people who do not follow the correct and appropriate body postures and movements when participating in liturgical celebrations. This problem then became the concern of the universal Church. Pope Francis published the apostolic letter Desiderio Desideravi with the intention of providing instructions or signals for contemplation of the beauty and truth of the Eucharistic celebration. Based on these problems, the formulation of the problem in writing this thesis is: What is the role of catechesis in increasing the understanding of the parishioners of Saint John Pemandi Naesleu regarding body posture and liturgical movements in the light of Desiderio Desideravi? The purpose of writing this thesis is to determine the understanding of the parishioners of Saint John Pemandi Naesleu regarding bodily postures and liturgical movements, to understand the role of catechesis in increasing the congregation's understanding of the attitudes and movements of the liturgy, and to understand the appreciation of the ParishionersSt. John the Bath of Naesleu on bodily postures and liturgical movements in the light of Desiderio Desideravi. The model used in this research is a descriptive model with qualitative research methods. Qualitative research is a research method used to examine objects of social phenomena that occur naturally, where researchers will analyze data obtained from the field based on data collection techniques, namely interviews, observation and documentation. Based on the results of observations and interviews, researchers found that the understanding of St. Yohanes Pemandi Naesleu regarding body posture and liturgical movements before carrying out catechesis is still very lacking. Even though in participating in the liturgical celebration, all the people are actively involved. However, after the implementation of catechesis, the people were interviewed again, the people's answers showed that the people's understanding had increased and was much better than the previous answers. From the entire description above, it can be concluded that the congregation's understanding of body postures and liturgical movements can increase if catechesis activities are carried out continuously specifically regarding body postures and liturgical movements.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ОБРАБОТКИ ФИНАНСОВЫХ ДАННЫХ ТАБЛИЦЫ EXCEL
Authors: Kulikova M.K. , Garayev A.K. , Isayev S.B.
Published: December 2024

Одним из основных элементов налаживания стабильной и успешной работы предприятия (организации) является ее финансовое состояние. Финансовое состояние — это некая структура, которая играет важную роль в деловой активности, которое в свою очередь определяет конкурентоспособность предприятия и потенциал. Так же, от финансового состояния зависят экономические интересы самого предприятия (организация) и интересы его партнеров.
THE PROBLEM OF MULTICRITERIA CHOICE IN THE AGING DAM SAFETY ENSURING
Authors: Khondkaryan Valeri
Published: December 2024

Making decisions about the long-term operation of ժօտտ, incluժing rehabilitation, modernization, or removal, is critical to the successful management of this aging infrastructure օոժ provibes an opportunity to weigh the many risks bams pose. The construction anb operation of bams is critical to the economic bevelopment of every country, but many bams anb their reservoirs have exceeded their design life and no longer serve their purpose. Worldwide, decades of disinvestment in dam maintenance have resulted in significant risks and, in many cases, removal may be a more cost-effective alternative to repair and reconstruction. Even for functioning dams, removal may be the best long-term management strategy due to the benefits of safety, flood risk reduction, and other alternatives, as climate change negatively impacts the hydrological regime of rivers.
VIOLATIONS OF INTERNETIONAL HUMANITARIAN RIGHTS DURING WAR AND THEIRCONSEQUENCES
Authors: Gspoyan Grisha , Galoyan Karo , Arabyan Davit , Grigoryan Mariam
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the military operations taking place in Nagorno-Karabakh, Ukraine, and various parts of the world are characterized not only by a high number of human casualties and massive destruction but also by a significant increase in violations of human rights and restrictions on freedoms. Furthermore, despite the availability of extensive and accessible information regarding the situations in these regions, the international community has been unable to find effective mechanisms for the protection of people in conflict zones. As a result, humanitarian issues and humanitarian law require rethinking and reevaluation. The article presents the violations of international humanitarian law recorded during military operations in Nagorno-Karabakh, the circumstances of their application, as well as the reasons for their non-implementation. Through a general analysis, we have attempted to compare and analyze all the findings.
Ոչ ջերմային ինտենսիվությամբ միկրոալիքային ճառագայթման ազդեցության մի շարք առումներ / Some aspects of the influence of microwave radiation of non-thermal intensity
Authors: Yenkoyan K. B. , Pashikyan G. M. , Vardanyan G. R. , Kocharyan S. P. , Galstyan L. S. , Galstyan S. G. , Hakobyan H. A.
Published: December 2024

The influence of microwave radiation of non-thermal intensity (ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field) on living organisms has long attracted the attention of researchers and healthcare professionals.

The article discusses the issues related to the sanitary and hygienic working conditions of persons who have professional contacts with an ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field of non-thermal intensity, as well as the results of the authors’ study of a number of clinical and biochemical blood parameters in them.

The core group of those being examined consists of 100 men with 0-20 years of professional experience in contacting with microwave radiation of non-thermal intensity. The control group consists of persons of the same number and gender, but not undergoing chronical exposure to this physical factor. Accepted standard methods of statistical analysis were used to compare the data obtained, as well as to assess their trustworthiness. The study has been conducted with a view on the duration of professional experience of this contingent.

Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was made that the dominant negative factor in the work of the persons being examined was microwave EMF, since the average indicators of other negative conditions (noise, microclimate indicators – temperature, light, air ventilation, hazardous substances in the air, etc.) were within acceptable norms and were constant. With this in mind, the detected deviations for the study indicators should mainly be attributed to the category of manifestations of chronic exposure to microwave radiation.

Through analyzing the study results of a number of clinical and biochemical blood parameters of this contingent of individuals, was revealed the instability of those parameters, with a certain tendency to decrease, as well as some dependence on professional work experience in conditions of microwave radiation of non-thermal intensity. This will allow us to think of uniting all these data and presenting them as the state of the primary manifestations of the syndrome of chronic microwave damage.
The Basis of Contractual Civil Liability of Consulting Engineers in Domestic and Foreign Law
Authors: Sorkheh Ebrahim
Published: December 2024

One of the crucial and fundamental issues in the field of contractual civil liability is the elucidation of the legislator's approach in determining and identifying the basis of contractual civil liability. This matter plays a critical role in imposing liability and the burden of proof on the contractual obligor. The consulting engineer, as one of the professional categories responsible for providing design or supervision services in large construction and infrastructure projects under contract and based on the documents and records of the agreement, is not exempt from this rule. The failure to comply with the conditions of the contract or the technical and engineering standards at any stage of design or supervision can result in the contractual liability of the consulting engineer. In such a situation, the pertinent question is: what is the basis of the contractual liability of the consulting engineer in each of these areas? In the laws of most countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Egypt, despite the divergence of opinions on this matter, the majority of legal scholars have identified the basis of the contractual liability of the consulting engineer as fault. In our country, the apparent wording of Article 1 of Article 26 of the agreement and the general conditions of standardized consulting service contracts suggests that the responsibility of this profession is considered purely a technical specialty. Nevertheless, upon careful examination of other provisions of the aforementioned general conditions, including Article 2 of Article 26, which denotes the "shortcoming" as a presumption of such liability, and Article 8 of the same regulation, which limits the responsibility of the consulting engineer in fulfilling contractual obligations to efforts and endeavors, it can be inferred that fault is also presumed to be the basis of the contractual liability of the consulting engineer in this professional category.
Conceptual Model of Resilience Policies at the Structural Level of the Political System of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Using Thematic Analysis Method
Authors: Abusaleh Seyed Hasan , Lakzai Najaf , Hashemian Seyed Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2024

Political resilience is an emerging concept that has transitioned from the natural sciences and psychology into the literature of political science and policy studies. Political resilience refers to the continuation of capacity in the face of changes in the political system, understood and shaped through confronting a hostile cultural and political environment. It is distinct from concepts such as stability and resistance, as it focuses on optimizing adaptability and variability due to the political system’s unstable and uncertain environment. This study addresses the question of how and with what policies the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the second step of the Islamic Revolution becomes resilient against internal and external challenges and threats. The study uses a qualitative, normative method, aiming to describe and explain the current state of resilience and its dimensions using a descriptive-analytical approach based on the Three-Branch Model and thematic analysis. By assuming the political system as an organization, a network of themes related to policies is mapped. In response to the main research question, the resilience policies themes are extracted with an emphasis on active interactive relationships between the political system and society at the structural level. Each of the overarching and organizing themes is explained as part of designing the resilience model. The study's findings indicate that at the structural level of the political system, employing resilience mechanisms in public policy formulation, as well as focusing on excellence, monotheistic-centered, and wisdom-centered policies, along with deepening the understanding of leadership's role within the Islamic system, enhances the resilience of the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
The Status of Soft Law in International Law and Related Theories
Authors: Ahmadi Sarsahra Hoshang , Moradi Maryam , Mirabbasi Seyed Bagher
Published: December 2024

The inability to enforce is the most prominent feature mentioned in the legal literature, particularly in public international law, regarding soft law or soft regulations. Soft law refers to rules that are not entirely non-binding but are also not strictly binding. Soft law certainly forms a part of the contemporary legislative process by establishing itself as a coherent and consistent rule that seeks to standardize international order in international law. It does so by transforming into custom and international practice. Thus, the rule that is created acts as a coordinating system, either as a preventive measure against potential harm, as a delegated rule for action in the absence of another rule, or as a common international rule. This article, structured through a descriptive-analytical method and based on a library research approach, seeks to answer the question of which theories underpin soft law and how it transforms into a hard law rule in international law.
The Examination of the Proportionality of Disciplinary Punishments with Committed Offenses in Student Misconduct Cases
Authors: Parkhid Hamed , Rasoulimoghadam Masoud
Published: December 2024

This article examines the proportionality of disciplinary sanctions in relation to student offenses in academic misconduct cases. The primary goal of the research is to evaluate the structure and processes of disciplinary committees in universities and to assess the adherence to principles of justice and fair trial in these proceedings. The research method is qualitative, involving content analysis of university disciplinary regulations and a review of real cases of student misconduct. The findings indicate that, in many instances, there is a lack of proportionality between the offense committed and the imposed punishment, with students facing unjust and disproportionate sanctions. This issue is particularly evident when minor infractions result in severe penalties, leading to dissatisfaction and a sense of injustice among students. Furthermore, the disciplinary process in many universities is opaque and lengthy, which increases psychological stress for the accused students. The lack of adequate communication regarding students' rights and the absence of a full defense opportunity are major violations of fair trial principles. Based on the research findings, several recommendations are proposed for improving the structure and processes of disciplinary actions, including revising regulations, ensuring the independence of disciplinary bodies, and fully adhering to fair trial principles. These suggestions aim to guarantee justice and proportionality in dealing with student misconduct cases. The final conclusion emphasizes that revising disciplinary regulations and increasing transparency in the disciplinary process could help improve fairness and reduce dissatisfaction in universities.
Barriers and Strategies for Achieving Cultural Development in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Janali Nejad Atyieh , Mazrouei Khosrow , Reza Bai Abdul
Published: December 2024

The concept of political development holds a significant position in the realm of politics. The process of shaping cultural development requires long-term changes, where its formation in each society follows its unique historical trajectory. Examining the political, social, and economic dimensions of development, alongside its cultural aspect, is of particular importance. This study aims to investigate cultural independence and the cultural barriers to development in Iran, as well as to present practical and theoretical strategies regarding the current state of cultural development in Iran. The findings of this study indicate that neglecting Islamic values and the cultural principles of the Islamic Revolution, while reverting to Western and tyrannical culture, would result in a revolution devoid of Islamic substance and identity. Therefore, senior revolutionary managers must prudently plan and develop policies to address these cultural barriers. The foundation of an exemplary Islamic society and the cultivation of the ideal person, in line with the cultural aspirations of the Islamic Revolution, are achieved through elements such as cultural independence, public welfare provision, strengthening public piety, and the realization of Islamic civilization. Thus, special investment in cultural matters is of paramount importance to achieve these aspirations.