bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal Medyada Pozitif Tıp ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Paylaşımları Üzerine Nitel Bir Çözümleme
Authors: Boztepe Mehmet
Published: March 2024

Çalışma, dijital çağın sağlık alanındaki bilgi paylaşımını ve erişimini nasıl dönüştürdüğünü ele alarak, bu değişimde sosyal medya platformlarının oynadığı merkezi rolü vurgulamaktadır. Sağlıkla ilgili bilgi ve deneyim paylaşımlarının giderek artan bir şekilde sosyal medya üzerinden gerçekleştiği, bu platformların günlük yaşantımızın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline geldiği belirtilmiştir. Özellikle pozitif tıp ve tamamlayıcı tıp konularında, geleneksel tıbbın dışında kalan tedavi yöntemleri ve sağlıklı yaşam uygulamaları, sosyal medya kullanıcılarının ilgisini çeken ve çeşitli etkileşimleri tetikleyen başlıca konular arasındadır. Analiz sürecinde, bu bağlamda iki farklı Youtube videosuna odaklanılarak, pozitif tıp ve tamamlayıcı tıp paylaşımlarının tematik farklılıkları ve izleyici yorumlarındaki çeşitliliği incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel bulgularına göre, bel fıtığı tedavisi arayan kullanıcılar genellikle pozitif tıp tedavi yöntemlerine ilgi göstermektedir. Tamamlayıcı tıp videolarına yapılan yorumlarda daha fazla farklı çözüm önerisi bulunması dikkat çekicidir. Bu durum, kullanıcıların tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemlerine, pozitif tıp yöntemlerine göre daha mesafeli durdukları şeklinde yorumlanabilir. Sonuç olarak, bel fıtığı tedavisi arayan kullanıcıların büyük bir kısmının pozitif tıp yöntemlerine ilgi gösterdiği ancak tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemlerinin de önemli bir yer tuttuğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bulgular, sosyal medya platformlarının sağlıkla ilgili tercihleri etkilemede önemli bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir. Gelecekteki çalışmaların, kullanıcıların demografik özelliklerini inceleyerek daha hedeflenmiş sağlık stratejileri geliştirmeye odaklanması önerilmektedir.
Trendovi u tranziciji na tržište rada mladih u Srbiji
Authors: Zafirović Jovana
Published: March 2024

Poslednjih decenija transformacija iz industrijskih u postindustrijska društva neminovno je uticala i na obrasce tranzicije mladih na tržište rada. Obrasci te tranzicije odražavaju kontinuitet i promene u društvenoj podeli rada, a samim tim predstavljaju važan proces za oblikovanje društvene stratifikacije modernih društava. Predmet ovog rada je analiza promena u prosečnom dobu ulaska na tržište rada u Srbiji od druge polovine dvadesetog veka do danas, s ciljem da se osvetle odgovori na tri pitanja: 1) kako se menjalo prosečno doba ulaska u svet rada u ovom periodu, 2) kakve su bile razlike između muškaraca i žena u obrascima tranzicije, kao i 3) kakve su bile razlike između urbanog i ruralnog stanovništva u obrascima tranzicije. Akcenat je na prepoznavanju osnovnih trendova tranzicije na tržište rada mladih za kohorte rođene od 1930. do 1995. godine. Analiza se zasniva na podacima Evropskog društvenog istraživanja iz 2018. na uzorku za Srbiju od 1.265 ispitanika/ca. Primenjena je statistička analiza preživljavanja radi prikazivanja promena u vremenu proučavanog životnog događaja kao i Kaplan-Majerove ocene funkcije preživljavanja radi njihovog poređenja kroz rod/lokalitet. Rezultati ukazuju da možemo govoriti o odlaganju profesionalnih tranzicija tokom proučavanog perioda, ali ne nužno i o njihovoj destandardizaciji. Takođe, životni tokovi muškaraca i žena su postajali sve sličniji sve do perioda sloma socijalizma i porasta društvenih nejednakosti kada je taj trend zaustavljen, a sa druge strane obrasci profesionalnih tranzicija između osoba iz ruralnih i gradskih područja jesu sve sličniji.
New Rules of Transparency for State and in Slovakia
Authors: Nováčková Daniela , Matúšová Silvia
Published: March 2024

The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of EU regulations on the creation and development of state aid policy in the Slovak Republic in connection with proper functioning of the EU internal market and the strengthening of transparency. The present Slovak national system of state aid provision and control is significantly influenced by the regulations of modernization of state aid and by the implementation of principles of independence, transparency and publicity. The paper will examine the introduced measures of publicity related to state aid provision from public sources. In the paper we highlight the significance of transparency in the area of public finance provision to economic entities, which reduces uncertainty and enables enterprises to check whether the state aid provided to competitors was legal and legitimate.
Green Products Effects on Quality of Life of Physically Disable People
Authors: Tbeishat Habeeb , Rasul Ruwaidy Mat , Ibrahim Marzuki Bin , Alshorman Mohammad
Published: March 2024

The existing literature suggests that green product innovation serves as a means for businesses to distinguish themselves and gain a competitive advantage. Concurrently, socioeconomic data indicate a rising number of handicapped individuals in emerging nations. Despite this, current research lacks a widely agreed-upon definition of green products, and scholarly empirical data on how green products impact the quality of life (QoL) for physically disabled individuals are inconclusive. Some studies propose that socially isolated individuals exhibit different beliefs and behaviors than the general population. To address this in the context of disability, a literature review was conducted on green products and QoL. This paper's primary contribution lies in establishing a definition for green products and the QoL of physically disabled individuals. Additionally, the paper uncovers issues that warrant consideration in evaluating the effect of green products on the QoL of physically disabled individuals.
Effectiveness of Quinn's early program on readiness to enter elementary school and social-emotional competence of preschool children
Authors: Mohammadi Farahmand Gholam Reza , Alizadeh Masoud , Karimi Zahra , Saboori Rad Soma
Published: March 2024

Background and Aim: Preschool years as a sensitive period of transformation in all dimensions, which is associated with flexibility, learning experience and providing environmental stimuli are very important. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Quinn's early program on the readiness to enter elementary school and social-emotional competence of preschool children. Methods: The current research was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of method with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the research was made up of preschool children from areas 1 to 5 of Tehran in 2020, for each research group 15 people (30 people in total) were selected as samples by random sampling and were assigned to two experimental and control groups. The research tools included the emotional competence questionnaire of Zhu and Ee (2012) and Liles' academic readiness scale (2009). SPSS statistical software and multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measurements were used to analyze the data. Finally, Bonferroni's post hoc test was used to measure the stability of the effects. Results: The results of the statistical analysis of the data show that Quinn's early program significantly increased the readiness to enter elementary school and the social-emotional competence of preschool children upon entering elementary school in the experimental group, and this effect was stable in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Quinn's program is effective on the readiness to enter elementary school and social-emotional competence of preschool children; therefore, this program can be used for this purpose in kindergartens and preschools
The effectiveness of parent-child interaction training on behavioral problems and aggression of children with ADHD symptoms
Authors: Oladian Samira
Published: March 2024

Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or ADHD is one of the most common problems of children and adolescents and the reason for referral to psychiatrists and psychologists. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effectiveness of parent-child interaction training on behavioral problems and aggression of children with ADHD symptoms. Methods and Materials: In terms of the purpose, the current research design was of an applied type, and in terms of the method of conducting it, it was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up plan with the experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of 6-10-year-old children with ADHD referred to a private counseling center in the 10th district of Tehran in 1401. An available sampling method was used for sampling, and 30 people were selected, and 15 people were equally assigned to the experimental group and 15 people to the control group. In this research, the tools used included Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Buss & Perry's (1992) Aggression Questionnaire. Parent-child interaction therapy was performed according to McNeil & Hembree-Kigin's (2010) protocol on the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Statistical data was analyzed with spss software and using analysis of variance with repeated measurements, and Bonferroni's post hoc test was used to check the stability of the effects of the interventions. Findings: F values were calculated for behavioral problems (F = 7.63) and aggression (F = 10.74). It can be concluded that the effect of the group membership factor, or in other words, the treatment of parent-child interaction, has led to a significant decrease in dependent variables (p<0.01). Bonferroni's post hoc test results indicate that the effect of parent-child interaction therapy on behavioral problems and aggression of children with ADHD was stable. Conclusion: It can be concluded that parent-child interaction training was effective on behavioral problems and aggression of children with ADHD symptoms, and this effect was stable.
Analisis Hukum Pencatatan Perkawinan Antar-Umat yang Berbeda Agama dan Kepercayaan di Indonesia
Authors: Arif Maulana
Published: March 2024

Pemerintah bertanggung jawab dalam memberikan pelayanan publik sebagaimana diatur di dalam undang-undang nomor 23 tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan, Negara dengan tegas menjamin hak setiap penduduk untuk memperolah status kewargaan, membangun keluarga dan keturunan melalui perkawinan yang sah tercatat oleh negara, menjamin kebebasan memeluk agama, dan memilih tempat tinggal di wilayah Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Perkawinan menentukan sahnya perkawinan dalam Pasal 2 Ayat (1) bahwa perkawinan sah, apabila dilakukan menurut hukum masing-masing agama dan kepercayaannya itu. Sahnya perkawinan di Indonesia dinilai memiliki kekentalan nuansa agama, unsur agamawi yang mendominasi syarat sahnya perkawinan, maka terjadi degradasi capaian tujuan unifikasi Undang-Undang Perkawinan yang mengacu pada keseragaman terselenggaranya perkawinan bagi setiap warga negara. Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM), Pasal 16 ayat (1)  menyebutkan, “Laki-laki dan Perempuan yang sudah dewasa, dengan tidak dibatasi kebangsaan, kewarganegaraan atau agama, berhak untuk menikah dan untuk membentuk keluarga. Mereka mempunyai hak yang sama dalam soal perkawinan, di dalam masa perkawinan dan di saat perceraian"
MATEMÁTICA E TRANSLINGUAGEM
Authors: Gonçalves da Silva Felipe , De Oliveira Silva Luã Armando
Published: March 2024

No que tange à educação bilíngue no Brasil, há um movimento relativamente novo, percebemos a implantação de escolas bilingues que se propõem a trazer uma educação de elite para os seus alunos. No que diz respeito a isso, traremos uma breve explicação sobre o fenômeno de escolas bilíngues no país, as características e os princípios da translinguagem no ensino bilíngue, além do ensino de matemática no Brasil de acordo com os documentos oficiais da BNCC. Essa base teórica surgirá como ponto de partida para a discussão sobre a interação do ensino de matemática em um segundo idioma e a língua materna, pois, em seguida, falaremos sobre o ensino de matemática imersivo, abordando o desafio da resolução de problemas em uma segunda língua dentro de sala de aula. Em adição, exploramos as ideias a respeito das práticas de translinguagem no ensino de matemática para a resolução de uma problemática comum neste contexto, o uso da interpretação para resolução de problemas. Contribuindo, portanto, para o desenvolvimento de um aprendizado de qualidade e um ambiente seguro, onde é possível analisar e avaliar informações para então criar suas soluções e traçar suas próprias conclusões.
O ENSINO INCLUSIVO DA LÍNGUA INGLESA A PESSOAS COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA EM ESCOLAS BILÍNGUES DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Rocha Coutinho Christiane , De Oliveira Silva Luã Armando
Published: March 2024

O trabalho utilizou da revisão bibliográfica para coleta de dados e fundamentação teórica, fazendo uso de uma tendência indutiva-dedutiva e tomando por procedimento a lógica exploratória-analítica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o ensino da língua inglesa para alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista, assim como verificar como se dá a aplicação de recursos visuais lúdicos e/ou concretos em sala de aula do ensino infantil, tendo como foco as crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e seus processos únicos de aprendizagem. Esta análise faz-se necessária visto a aplicação dos princípios de inclusão da pessoa com deficiência em aspecto amplo, apoiando-se sempre na equidade.
Wrong-route drug administration errors: A review of the literature
Authors: Taylor J , Blockman M
Published: March 2024

Oral drug formulations and enteral feeds may inadvertently be administered intravenously. Intravenous medications may be inadvertently administered intra-arterially. These examples of wrong-route drug administration errors have the potential to cause significant organ dysfunction and even death. This narrative review aims to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying such errors and investigate preventive strategies and potential therapeutic options.
Implementing E-MOTIVE for detection and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage in South Africa
Authors: Singata-Madliki M , Fawcus S , Moran N , Arends E , Muller E , Mandondo S , Hofmeyr G J
Published: March 2024

Postpartum haemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable maternal mortality in South Africa. In a significant breakthrough in the management of PPH, the E-MOTIVE trial found that a multifaceted health service intervention reduced severe PPH after vaginal delivery by 60% in 78 hospitals in Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania and SA. The E-MOTIVE approach comprises objective blood loss measurement monitored every 15 minutes during the first hour after delivery to detect PPH early and trigger a bundle of first-line treatments, including massaging the uterus, oxytocin infusion, tranexamic acid infusion, intravenous crystalloid fluids, examination for the cause, emptying the bladder and, if necessary, escalation of care. E-MOTIVE was integrated into the existing Essential Steps in Managing Obstetric Emergencies algorithm. Certain research-related elements of the trial setting cannot be replicated in routine practice. Therefore, we need to develop local strategies to ensure the essential clinical elements of the intervention are implemented. Potential strategies include incorporating the E-MOTIVE principles into national guidelines, ongoing training strategies and ensuring all facilities are equipped with necessary medication, equipment and delegations. This breakthrough intervention provides hope for women in SA, and requires a purposeful, co-ordinated implementation strategy on a national scale to reach all levels of the health service.
Impacto de la gestión del hábitat sobre la comunidad de micromamíferos del Parque Nacional de Doñana (SO de España)
Authors: Marfil Carlos , Moreno Sacramento , Palomo L. Javier , Morlanes Viviane , Fernández M. Carmen
Published: March 2024

Scrubland clearcutting forms one of main management techniques conducted in the Doñana National Park, and has the aim of creating open areas where rabbits can feed, as these animals are the basic prey of lynx and imperial eagle. This management measure has produced a deep change in scrubland structure, without its effect on other species characteristic of this habitat, such as small mammals, remains unknown. This study evaluated shrub removal by controlled burning on the micromammal community, and analysed its richness and temporal evolution in different environments. The study was conducted from the summer of 2006 to spring of 2007 using a capture-mark-recapture approach in 6 controlled burning plots (3 recents and 3 four years old) and in 3 control plots which were left untreated. Species richness was quite low, with only 4 species captured: Algerian mouse (Mus spretus), Wood Mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus), Greater white-toothed shrew (Crocidura russula) and Garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus). Abundance values were highly varied depending on the species, time of year and plot type. However, the most abundant species by far was Mus spretus. The comparison of the results obtained in the managed plots respect to the control ones, suggest that burning of scrub is a management technique that favours not only rabbit populations but also small mammals community, mainly due to edge effect caused by fire. The scrubland clearcutting would have to be realised of rotatory form and favoring the creation of zones of contact between both habitats.
Influence of gadolinium content on magnetic property and oxidation mechanism of Fe-B-Nb-Gd metallic glass
Authors: Mi Xiao-Lei , Hu Liang , Wu Bo-Wen , Long Qiang , Wei Bing-Bo ,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Published: March 2024

In this work, we use the rapid solidification technique to prepare five kinds of metallic glasses with different Gd content, and investigate in depth the influences of Gd content on the amorphous formation capability, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of (Fe73B22Nb5)100–xGdx (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) alloys. By comparing the microstructural morphology and solute distribution of oxidation products before adding Gd and those after adding Gd, the amorphous oxidation mechanism is analyzed systematically. With the addition of Gd, the atomic size difference of the alloys exceeds 13%, and the configuration entropy increases from 7.27 kJ/(mol·K) to 9.44 kJ/(mol·K). The glass-forming ability of the alloy is significantly improved. The increase of Gd content can increase the glass transition temperature of the alloy to 864 K, and the undercooled liquid region can reach 73 K, significantly enhancing the thermal stability of the metallic glasses. The Gd limits the local anisotropy of the alloy and reduces the density of quasi-dislocation dipole defects. This can effectively reduce the pinning sites that hinder the rotation of magnetic domain walls, thereby improving the soft magnetic property. By comparing with the metallic glasses without Gd, only 2% (atomic percentage) Gd can reduce the coercivity by 8%. Moreover, the Gd makes the metallic glasses more sensitive to temperature variation in the oxidation process, and the temperature of the maximum oxidation rate is reduced by 15 K. However, their antioxidant performance does not deteriorate. The Gd atoms are influenced by binding energy and migrate to the surface, forming Gd-rich oxides. They fill surface defects and occupy a large part of the top space, leading to the structure becoming more compact near the surface. This structure reduces the channels for oxygen atoms to diffuse through the microstructure interface, which helps to improve antioxidant capability. This work provides a new approach for designing high performance Fe-based metallic glasses.
Oxygen isotopes in orangutan teeth reveal recent and ancient climate variation
Authors: Smith Tanya M , Arora Manish , Austin Christine , Nunes Ávila Janaína , Duval Mathieu , Lim Tze Tshen , Piper Philip J , Vaiglova Petra , de Vos John , Williams Ian S , Zhao Jian-xin , Green Daniel R
Published: March 2024

Studies of climate variation commonly rely on chemical and isotopic changes recorded in sequentially produced growth layers, such as in corals, shells, and tree rings, as well as in accretionary deposits—ice and sediment cores, and speleothems. Oxygen isotopic compositions (δ18O) of tooth enamel are a direct method of reconstructing environmental variation experienced by an individual animal. Here, we utilize long-forming orangutan dentitions (Pongo spp.) to probe recent and ancient rainfall trends on a weekly basis over ~3–11 years per individual. We first demonstrate the lack of any consistent isotopic enrichment effect during exclusive nursing, supporting the use of primate first molar teeth as environmental proxies. Comparisons of δ18O values (n=2016) in twelve molars from six modern Bornean and Sumatran orangutans reveal a high degree of overlap, with more consistent annual and bimodal rainfall patterns in the Sumatran individuals. Comparisons with fossil orangutan δ18O values (n=955 measurements from six molars) reveal similarities between modern and late Pleistocene fossil Sumatran individuals, but differences between modern and late Pleistocene/early Holocene Bornean orangutans. These suggest drier and more open environments with reduced monsoon intensity during this earlier period in northern Borneo, consistent with other Niah Caves studies and long-term speleothem δ18O records in the broader region. This approach can be extended to test hypotheses about the paleoenvironments that early humans encountered in southeast Asia.
Is Helicobacter pylori Infection Associated With Ulcerative Colitis Activity?
Authors: Lee Ayoung , Choe Jung Wan , Jung Sung Woo , Park Jae Youn , Yoon Ik , Kim Seung Young
Published: March 2024

Objectives: Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between Helicobacter pylori infection and ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we investigated the protective effects of H. pylori infection on the severity of UC.Methods: This single-center study included 316 patients with newly diagnosed UC based on findings of colonoscopy and upper endoscopy for H. pylori evaluation between January 1994 and December 2015. Patients’ medical records were retrospectively reviewed, and severity of UC was assessed based on endoscopic findings, clinical symptoms, treatment regimens, and Mayo scores.Results: The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with UC was 74/316 (23.4%). Based on upper endoscopic findings, the percentage of patients with duodenal ulcers was significantly higher in the H. pylori positive group than that in the H. pylori negative group (27.0% vs. 11.6%, p=0.022). Disease extent and endoscopic severity showed no significant intergroup difference (p=0.765 and p=0.803, respectively). Endoscopic severity was unaffected by the H. pylori infection status, based on the extent of endoscopically documented disease and endoscopic findings. Furthermore, UC-related symptom severity assessed on the basis of stool frequency, rectal bleeding severity, and rate of admission necessitated by UC aggravation was not associated with H. pylori infection (p=0.185, 0.144, and 0.182, respectively). Use of steroids as induction therapy for severe UC did not differ with regard to H. pylori infection (p=0.327). No intergroup difference was observed in disease severity of UC classified using the Mayo score (p=0.323).Conclusions: H. pylori infection was detected in approximately 25.0% of patients with UC. However, the H. pylori infection status was not associated with the severity of UC based on endoscopic disease activity, patients’ symptoms, steroid use, or the Mayo clinic score.
Long Term Clinical Outcomes of Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: A Single Center Study
Authors: Koh Seong Hyun , Yeo Seung Hyun , Park Moo In , Jung Kyoungwon , Kim Sung Eun , Moon Won , Park Seun Ja
Published: March 2024

Objectives: Few studies have reported long-term follow-up after treatment of gastric mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. In this single-center study, we investigated longterm treatment outcomes in patients diagnosed with gastric MALT lymphoma.Methods: The study included 80 patients diagnosed with gastric MALT lymphoma, who were followed up at a single center between January 2005 and December 2019 after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. We evaluated complete remission, improvement, or recurrence of the lesion. Follow-up over >60 months was classified as long-term follow-up, and the progression-free survival rate was recorded.Results: Following H. pylori eradication treatment, complete remission occurred in 85.9% (55/64) of H. pylori-positive and 50.0% (3/6) of H. pylori-negative patients. All patients with gastric MALT lymphoma who did not respond to H. pylori eradication therapy (100.0% [6/6]) achieved complete remission following administration of local radiotherapy. We observed no deaths on long-term follow-up (>60 months), and the progression-free survival was 101 months.Conclusions: In this study, patients with gastric MALT lymphoma showed excellent survival rates, progression-free survival, and prognosis on long-term follow-up. Prospective studies are warranted to determine the long-term prognosis of gastric MALT lymphoma after treatment.
Gastric Outlet Obstruction Caused by Gastric Ectopic Pancreas With Pseudocyst Formation
Authors: Kim Jun Ho , Lee Jin , Na Ji Eun , Park Yong Eun , Park Jongha , Kim Tae Oh
Published: March 2024

Ectopic pancreas refers to presence of pancreatic tissue in locations other than the pancreas (the usual anatomical site). This condition is often asymptomatic but can occasionally cause abdominal pain or other gastrointestinal symptoms. Ectopic pancreatic tissue is mainly observed in the stomach and duodenum and may be accompanied by complications, such as hemorrhage, pancreatitis, gastric outlet obstruction due to pseudocyst, and malignant transformation. We report a rare case of gastric ectopic pancreas accompanied by a pseudocyst that led to gastric outlet obstruction, which improved after endoscopic ultrasonography guided fine-needle aspiration in a young woman with habitual excessive alcohol consumption.
Gastric Cancer Showing Rapid Recurrence and Progression: A Case of Gastric Adenocarcinoma With Enteroblastic Differentiation
Authors: Choi Yonghoon
Published: March 2024

Gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED) is rare and its clinicopathological characteristics are not well documented. However, reports indicate that it exhibits more aggressive characteristics, including lymph node metastasis or liver metastasis, than a conventional gastric adenocarcinoma. Herein, we report a case of GAED with rapid recurrence and disease progression. A 55-year-old male, diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC), demonstrated initial endoscopic findings suggestive of advanced GC. He underwent curative resection since there was no evidence of lymph node or distant metastases. The disease was reported as an early GC that was confined to the submucosal layer, without evidence of lymph node metastasis in the final pathological results. However, six months after surgery, multiple hepatic metastases were found during abdominal computed tomography; the pathological results were consistent with metastasis from the GC. Immunohistochemistry of the primary carcinoma pathological specimens showed positive results for alpha-fetoprotein and sal-like protein 4, suggesting enteroblastic differentiation, which is thought to be associated with rapid recurrence and disease progression.
Strategies for the Endoscopic Management and Post-Resection Treatment of Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Choi Hyun Ho
Published: March 2024

Endoscopic resection (ER) is preferred for treating superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC) that has a low risk of lymph node metastasis; the preference is due to the technique’s minimal invasiveness and having outcomes comparable to those of surgical resection, in suitable cases. Determining the appropriateness of ER requires a multidisciplinary review involving a pathological examination of the tumor’s depth, size, and lymphovascular invasion following resection of a specimen. According to the Korean guidelines, no additional treatment is necessary after a complete en bloc resection of SESCC that lacks submucosal invasion and lymphovascular invasion. In cases of non-curative resection for tumors that exhibit submucosal invasion, lymphovascular invasion, or positive margins, additional treatment (e.g., esophagectomy or chemoradiotherapy) is recommended. Due to the uncertainty regarding which treatment is more effective, tailored therapy that is based on patient factors and tumor characteristics is needed to maximize patient long-term survival and improve quality of life.
Accelerometry-assessed daily physical activity and compliance with recommendations in Spanish children: importance of physical education classes and vigorous intensity
Authors: Benavente-Marín Juan Carlos , Barón-López Francisco Javier , Gil Barcenilla Begoña , Longo Abril Guadalupe , Rumbao Aguirre José M. , Pérez-Farinós Napoleón , Wärnberg Julia
Published: March 2024

Background

Physical activity (PA) is associated with numerous health benefits. Vigorous PA (VPA) may have a greater impact on public health than lower-intensity PA. The incorporation of a specific recommendation on VPA could complement and improve existing recommendations for average daily moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA). Physical education classes could have a positive impact on children’s adherence to average daily physical activity recommendations. The aim was to investigate the association between MVPA and VPA in children, as well as adherence to recommendations, and obesity and the presence of physical education classes.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of physical activity was conducted in a sample of 8 and 9-year-old children in Andalusia (Spain). GENEActiv accelerometers were used, placed on the non-dominant wrist for at least eight consecutive days (24-h protocol). School days with and without physical education class, and weekend days were defined. ROC curves were used to calculate the threshold associated with obesity for average daily MVPA and VPA for recommendations.

Results

A total of 360 schoolchildren were included in the analyses (184 girls). An average of 7.7 (SD 1.4) valid days per participant were evaluated, with 19.9 (SD 10.5) and 11.4 (SD 5.1) minutes of VPA performed by boys and girls respectively. 25.8% of the participants were classified with central obesity. The optimal threshold determined with ROC analysis was 12.5 and 9.5 minutes of average daily VPA for boys and girls, respectively (RecVPA), and 75 minutes of average daily MVPA for both sexes (RecMVPA). The RecVPA showed stronger association with obesity. On school days with physical education class, compared to days without this class, children showed increased VPA and MVPA engagement and better compliance with recommendations, with smaller differences in adherence according to sex or obesity.

Conclusions

On days with physical education class, more physical activity was accumulated at all intensities and greater adherence to the recommendations than on days without this class. VPA had a stronger correlation with the absence of obesity than lower-intensity activity. It was also observed that boys were physically more active and had higher adherence to the recommendations than girls.
Effect of exercise based interventions on sleep and circadian rhythm in cancer survivors—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gururaj Rachita , Samuel Stephen Rajan , Kumar K Vijaya , Nagaraja Ravishankar , Keogh Justin W.L.
Published: March 2024

Background

Disrupted circadian rhythm commonly reported in cancer survivors is closely associated with cancer related fatigue, sleep disturbances and compromised quality of life. As more cancer survivors request non-pharmacological treatment strategies for the management of their chronic sleep-related symptoms, there is a need for meta-analyses of various interventions such as exercise on sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances.

Methods

A search for RCT’s was conducted in April 2020 and updated in July 2023 using relevant keywords for cancer, sleep, circadian rhythm and exercise interventions on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro and CINAHL.

Results

Thirty-six studies were included for qualitative analysis and 26, for meta-analysis. Thirty-five studies analyzed sleep outcomes, while five analyzed circadian rhythm. RCT’s studying the effect of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, combined aerobic and resistance exercise, physical activity, yoga, or tai chi were included. Meta-analysis results showed significant exercise-related improvements on sleep quality assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index (PSQI) (SMD = −0.50 [−0.87, −0.13],p = 0.008), wake after sleep onset (WASO) (SMD = −0.29 [−0.53, −0.05],p = 0.02) and circadian rhythm, assessed by salivary cortisol levels (MD = −0.09 (95% CI [−0.13 to −0.06]) mg/dL,p < 0.001). Results of the meta-analysis indicated that exercise had no significant effect on sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, total sleep time and circadian rhythm assessed by accelerometry values.

Conclusion

While some sleep and circadian rhythm outcomes (PSQI, WASO and salivary cortisol) exhibited significant improvements, it is still somewhat unclear what exercise prescriptions would optimize different sleep and circadian rhythm outcomes across a variety of groups of cancer survivors.

Implication

As exercise does not exacerbate cancer-related circadian rhythm and sleep disturbances, and may actually produce some significant benefits, this meta-analysis provides further evidence for cancer survivors to perform regular exercise.
Building consumer–brand relationship: A cross‐cultural experiential view
Authors: Chang Pao‐Long , Chieng Ming‐Hua
Published: October 2006

This research aims to develop a framework of consumer–brand relationship by taking an experiential view. In this article, the authors report a cross‐cultural comparative study that was conducted on a sample of real consumers at coffee chain stores in Shanghai, China, and Taipei, Taiwan. The findings reveal that individual as well as shared experiences work through brand association, brand personality, brand attitude, and brand image to shape a consumer–brand relationship. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of CO2 and H2O on the synthesis of single‐walled CNTs
Authors: Nasibulin Albert G. , Brown David P. , Queipo Paula , Gonzalez David , Jiang Hua , Anisimov Anton S. , Kauppinen Esko I.
Published: October 2006

Two different floating catalyst synthesis methods were used to investigate the effect of CO2 and H2O vapor on the growth of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). As a carbon source and catalyst material, carbon monoxide and iron nanoparticles were used. The catalyst particles were prepared by evaporation from a resistively heated iron wire (hot wire generator) and by thermal decomposition of ferrocene vapor. The essential role of CO2 and H2O in the CNT formation was demonstrated. The addition of small amounts of CO2 and H2O vapor in the reactor resulted in an increase in CNT length. Also, the CO2 introduction was found to decrease the minimum temperature of the CNT synthesis from 890 °C to below 600 °C. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Isomerization study of C5H5NO molecules
Authors: Vijayakumar S. , Kolandaivel P.
Published: October 2006

The complex potential energy surface (PES) for the isomerization of C5H5NO species, including 18 isomers and 23 interconversion transition states, is probed theoretically at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) and MP2//B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) levels of theory. The geometries and relative energies for various stationary points were determined. The zero‐point vibrational energy (ZPVE) corrections have been made to calculate the reliable energy. We predicted a six‐membered ring structure as a global minima isomer I, which is 118.49 and 131.48 kcal · mol−1 more stable than the least stable, four‐ and three‐membered ring isomer VIII at B3LYP and MP2//B3LYP levels of theory, respectively. The isomers and interconversion transition states have verified by frequency calculation. The intrinsic reaction coordinates (IRC) calculations have been performed to confirm that each transition state is linked by the desired reactants and products. The isomer stability has been studied using relative energies, chemical hardness, and chemical potential. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Grazing incidence imaging spectrometer for use in inertial confinement fusion and radiation hydrodynamic experiments
Authors: Gautier D. C. , Workman J. , Evans S. C. , Lanier N. E. , Kyrala G. A. , Montgomery D. S. , Walsh P. J.
Published: October 2006

We present results from the newly developed grazing incidence imaging spectrometer (GIIS) from both TRIDENT and OMEGA experiments. This instrument was originally designed to measure electron temperature via isoelectronic line ratios on gas-filled targets, but in addition has other useful applications. GIIS is a planar crystal Bragg spectrometer that is mounted to a conventional x-ray framing camera with an array of pinholes and slits to collect spectrally integrated two-dimensional images as well as spectrally resolved one-dimensional images. We have successfully recorded x-ray spectra from 4.5–6 and 3.3–5keV from both planar foil experiments on TRIDENT and preheated hydrodynamic experiments on OMEGA. We report on the instrument design and will present preliminary results.
Emission property of carbon nanotube with defects
Authors: Wei Gu
Published: October 2006

Based on the density of states obtained by theoretical calculation, electron transport mechanism of carbon nanotube is studied for field emission applications. This letter focuses on how Stone-Wales defect and vacancy-related defect affect carbon nanotube’s emission property. The influence is presented in the form of electron traces. The result shows that Stone-Wales defects reduce carbon nanotube’s emission current, while vacancy-related defects give rise to it. This phenomenon can be expressed by adding a defective effect coefficient kd into the classical Fowler-Nordheim formula. Detailed relationship between kd and defect type and number is also presented.
Prevalence of multiresistant Gram‐negative organisms in a surgical hospital in Ho Chi Minh Cit, Vietnam
Authors: Jones S. L. , Nguyen V. K. , Nguyen T. M. P. , Athan E.
Published: October 2006

Objective  To determine resistance patterns of multiresistant Gram‐negative organisms at a surgical hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, in order to guide appropriate antibiotic prescribing and improve infection control procedures.

Method  All samples sent in for microbiological analysis over a 3‐month period were included. A resource neutral double disc‐diffusion test was introduced to detect the presence of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL) production.

Results  We obtained 350 bacterial isolates from clinical specimens; 87.4% were Gram‐negative bacteria (GNB). Of these, 88.9% were Enterobacteriaceae, of which 14.7% produced ESBL. Fifteen (37.5%) of these were isolated within 48 h of admission. Resistance to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin occurred in 70.0% and 72.5% of those organisms that produced ESBL and in 39.5% and 38.7% of those that did not. Resistance to third‐generation cephalosporins was common: 36.7% of all GNB were resistant to ceftriaxone, 34.0% to cefotaxime, 19.6% to ceftazidime and 36.7% to cefoperazone.

Conclusion  Multiresistant Gram‐negative organisms are common and pose a challenge to antibiotic therapy. Successful implementation of a simple test to detect ESBL production allowed reporting of these organisms, appropriate antibiotic prescribing and infection control interventions. Development of antibiotic‐prescribing guidelines must take into account these resistance patterns.
Northumbria's southern frontier: a review
Authors: Higham Nick
Published: October 2006

Northumbria's southern frontier was arguably the most important political boundary inside pre‐Viking England. It has, however, attracted little scholarly attention since Peter Hunter Blair's seminal article in Archaeo‐logia Aeliana in 1948, which later commentators have generally followed rather uncritically. This essay reviews his arguments in the light of more recent research and casts doubt on several key aspects of his case: firstly, it contests his view that this boundary was fundamental to the naming of both southern and northern England and its kingdoms; secondly, it queries the supposition that the Roman Ridge dyke system is likely to have been a Northumbrian defensive work; thirdly, it critiques the view that the Grey Ditch, at Bradwell, formed part of the frontier; and, finally, it argues against the boundary in the west being along the River Ribble. Rather, pre‐Viking Northumbria more probably included those parts of the eleventh‐century West Riding of Yorkshire which lie south of the River Don, with a frontier perhaps often identical to that at Domesday, and it arguably met western Mercia not on the Ribble but on the Mersey. It was probably political developments in the tenth century, and particularly under Edward the Elder and his son Athelstan, that led to the Mercian acquisition of southern Lancashire and the development of a new ecclesiastical frontier between the sees of Lichfield and York on the Ribble, in a period that also saw the York archdiocese acquire northern Nottinghamshire.
TRIETHYLTIN AND THE INCORPORATION OF [33P] PHOSPHATE INTO RAT BRAIN PHOSPHOLIPIDS
Authors: Rose M. S. , Aldridge W. N.
Published: October 2006

By the use of quantitative thin‐layer chromatography, it has been shown that triethyltin sulphate 7.5 mglkg body wt. reduces the incorporation of 88P1 into rat brain phospholipids, especially lecithin, when the animals are kept at an environmental temperature of 20°. Triethyltin at this dose also reduces the body temperature by approximately 6°. When the body temperature of the triethyltin‐treated animals is maintained at a normal level by placing them in an environmental temperature of 33°, no significant reduction in the incorporation of 32P1 into any of the phospholipids is observed.
HISTOCHEMICAL MAPPING OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE AND LACTIC DEHYDROGENASE IN THE PONS AND MESENCEPHALON OF SQUIRREL MONKEY (SAIMIRI SCIUREUS)
Authors: Manocha Sohan L. , Bourne G. H.
Published: October 2006

The detailed distribution of lactate dehydrogenase and monoamine oxide has been described at various levels through the pons and mesencephalon of the brain of the squirrel monkey. A comparison of the two enzymes has given an interesting picture of their selective localization in the different nuclei. Particular attention has been paid to select sections at comparative levels. Marked monoamine oxidase activity has been observed in the nucleus interpeduncularis, the nucleus centralis superior, the nucleus annularis, and in the neuropil and in the cytoplasm of neurons of some other nuclei. Particularly strong lactate dehydrogenase activity has, however, been observed in the corpus geniculatum laterale and mediale, the nucleus pulvinaris, the superior and inferior colliculi, the substantia grisea centralis and some of the nuclei of cranial nerves.
OXIDATIVE ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN RAT BRAIN SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS. THE EFFECT OF DEOXYCHOLATE, FREEZE‐THAW, AND WATER*†
Authors: KOCH R. B. , LINDALL A. W.
Published: October 2006

(1) The distributions of four oxidative enzymes were studied in crude brain fractions.

(2) Freeze‐thaw cycle treatment and frozen storage of homogenate fractions gave apparent enhancement of cytochrome oxidase and NADH cytochrome c reductase activities.

(3) Deoxycholate released cytochrome oxidase and NADH cytochrome c reductase activities from low‐speed precipitates. The NADH diaphorase was enhanced to a small degree while NADPH cytochrome c reductase was not affected by deoxycholate.

(4) Distilled water coupled with a single homogenization released trapped soluble enzymes and mitochondria and gave nearly maximal cytochrome oxidase activity as judged by deoxycholate treatment. The total distilled water activity of NADH cytochrome c reductase was much less than that of deoxycholate‐stimulated fractions. The activities of other enzymes were not markedly affected by distilled water although their distribution was changed.
l‐Alany‐β‐NAPHTHYLAMIDASE IN RAT SPINAL CORD MYELIN
Authors: Beck C. S. , Hasinoff Catherine W. , Smith Marion E.
Published: October 2006

Abstract— The properties of l‐alanyl‐β‐naphthylamidase were studied in purified myelin of the spinal cord. The enzyme could be partially extracted with Triton‐X‐100, but some activity was lost by this operation. l‐Alanyl‐β‐naphthylamidase migrated anodally in acrylamide gel, and the bulk of the activity did not appear to be associated with the basic protein or with the proteolipid protein of myelin. This enzyme is somewhat elevated with acute EAE, but subcellular fractionation of the spinal cord showed that the increased activity was not in the myelin but in the heavier particulate fractions. The relatively small increase in enzyme activity with EAE indicates that this enzyme is probably not a major causative agent in demyelination.
THE EFFECT OF MORPHINE ADMINISTRATION ON THE INCORPORATION OF [14C]LEUCINE INTO PROTEIN IN CELL‐FREE SYSTEMS FROM RAT BRAIN AND LIVER
Authors: Clouet Doris H. , Ratner M.
Published: October 2006

—Ribosomes isolated from the brains of rats treated with morphine in vivo were less active in promoting the incorporation of [14C]leucine into protein than ribosomes isolated from untreated rats. This inhibitory phenomenon was studied in relation to dose of morphine, time after drug administration and the pharmacological responses of hypothermia and analgesia. The inhibition of [14C]leucine incorporation into brain proteins in vitro was transient after a single injection of morphine and dose‐dependent, and related to the hypothermic response, but not prevented by keeping the rats at an ambient temperature which prevented hypothermia. The incorporation of [14C]leucine into protein by liver ribosomes was also inhibited in preparations from morphine treated rats.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF LYSOPHOSPHATIDE FORMATION DURING WALLERIAN DEGENERATION
Authors: Domonkos J. , Heiner L.
Published: October 2006

—During an extensive decomposition of phospholipids, at the end of the second week of Wallerian degeneration, the decomposition of glycerophosphatides were studied in detail. In a degenerative process lasting for 2 weeks about one‐third of the choline phosphatides, two‐thirds of the ethanolamine phosphatides, one‐third of the serine phosphatides and one‐quarter of the inositol phosphatides, were destroyed.

The amount of lysophosphatidylcholine decreased proportionally to the destruction of choline phosphatide. On the other hand, the amount of lysophosphatides formed from‘kephalin'‐containing fatty aldehyde, during the marked destruction of these phospholipids, remained constant or increased to a small extent and its percentage distribution increased 2 or 3 times compared with other phospholipids. Ethanolamine phosphatides having a high fatty aldehyde content can be regarded as mainly responsible for the relative accumulation of lysophosphatides.