bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da Sensibilidade dos Retalhos Microcirúrgicos Baseados na Artéria Radial
Authors: Nagano Fabio Taizo Yamaki , Mendes-Cruz Mateus de Vita , Macedo-Costa Bruno Barbeitos , Abreu Flávio Emanuel Gonçalves de , Serrano Sara Dadona Correia , Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini Alves
Published: January 2025

Introdução: O uso de retalhos microcirúrgicos pediculados retrógrados ou retalhos livres, sem neurorrafia associada para falhas de cobertura são usados amplamente na literatura médica, contudo, queixas referentes a perda de sensibilidade na área receptora são comuns. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a sensibilidade do retalho antebraquial baseado na artéria radial nas reconstruções do membro superior, com intuito de identificar a sua reinervação através da sensibilidade tátil. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo-prospectivo de pacientes submetidos à microcirurgia reconstrutiva com retalhos antebraquiais baseados na artéria radial, no qual foi avaliado o retorno da sensibilidade na região do retalho. Para análise objetiva foi utilizado o estesiômetro de monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein. Houve padronização e controle da percepção do monofilamento a partir de um ponto na área sadia do membro contralateral ao retalho. As áreas dos retalhos foram divididas em três regiões (proximal, intermédia e distal), e cada uma foi avaliada em três pontos (medial, intermédio e lateral). A partir disso, foram classificados os resultados em: (1) sensibilidade protetora, (2) sensibilidade parcial, e (3) perda de sensibilidade. Resultados: A amostra incluiu 20 pacientes com idades entre 19 e 75 anos, com idade média de 45 anos e seguimento pós-operatório médio de 26,9 meses. Observou-se que 85% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino, com uma alta incidência de lesões traumáticas (65%). A maioria das falhas de cobertura ocorreu na região do punho e da mão (75%). Quanto aos sintomas associados ao retalho: 68,42% dos pacientes relataram alguma queixa, com predomínio de parestesia (66,66%), hipoestesia (13,33%), Tinel (13,33%) e dor (6,66%). A análise da sensibilidade dos retalhos revelou diferenças significativas entre as regiões proximal, intermédia e distal. Região proximal: 90% dos pacientes apresentaram sensibilidade, com 35% mostrando sensibilidade protetora e 55% sensibilidade parcial (p < 0,001). Região intermédia: 95% apresentaram sensibilidade parcial e 5% perda de sensibilidade (p < 0,001). Região distal: 60% tiveram perda de sensibilidade, 30% sensibilidade parcial e 10% sensibilidade protetora (p < 0,001). Conclusão: A sensibilidade dos retalhos varia em termos quantitativos e qualitativos, com uma relação direta com a localização do retalho. A sensibilidade diminui e a vulnerabilidade a lesões aumenta nas regiões distais do retalho.
Há Diferença no Padrão de Apresentação das Fraturas do Rádio Distal em um Hospital Terciário?
Authors: Santos-Júnior Osvaldo Gomes dos , Monteiro-Oliveira Gabriela , Amaral Victor Shelman de Souza Rosado , Unser Vinícius , Serrano Sara Dadona Correia , Saheb Ricardo Lucca Cabarite , Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini Alves
Published: January 2025

Introdução: As fraturas mais comuns nos membros superiores são as fraturas da extremidade distal do rádio. Com acometimento bimodal, são ocasionadas em geral por traumas de baixa energia em pacientes idosos e alta energia em pacientes jovens. Nos casos em que há acometimento articular e cominuição articular, a escolha do implante no tratamento cirúrgico torna-se um desafio para médicos ortopedistas e cirurgiões de mão. Diante disso, a placa de distração dorsal tem sido utilizada como uma opção apresentando bons resultados funcionais. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, realizado em um hospital terciário por meio de revisão de prontuários de 2020 a 2024 de pacientes com fratura do rádio distal AO/OTA 2R3C3 tratados com placa de distração dorsal do tipo LCP (low compression plate) 3,5mm. Resultados: Houve prevalência de pacientes do sexo masculino, com predominância do trauma de alta energia, sendo o acidente de trânsito responsável por 80% dos casos. Os pacientes foram avaliados após a retirada do implante pelo escore de Quick-Dash, Escala Visual Analógica de Dor (EVA) e Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), apresentando resultados satisfatórios. Conclusão: Diante da dificuldade encontrada no tratamento de fraturas complexas da extremidade distal do rádio, a placa de distração apresenta-se como uma boa opção no tratamento cirúrgico desta patologia ortopédica.
DISINFORMATION VS. MISINFORMATION: ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN MEDIA CONTENT
Authors: Ovsianko Olena , Prokopenko Antonina , Yehorova Olesia
Published: January 2025

The article carries out a theoretical and practical analysis of the distinction between two important concepts “disinformation” and “misinformation” in the context of modern information flows. The relevance of the study is due to the growing manipulative influence of fake news on society during political crises, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russian-Ukrainian war. The article presents the study of Western and Ukrainian approaches to distinguishing these concepts, their influence on public consciousness and their role in modern information warfare. The article is based on the works of Western and Ukrainian scientists, regarding manipulations and disinformation in foreign media space. Examples of the impact on public perception through fake news are presented here, namely through social media, and their use for political gain. In particular, cases of the use of disinformation in foreign media content were analysed using the examples of V. Zelenskyi's statements. Therefore, it was found that the words of the Ukrainian president were misrepresented and introduced in a distorted form, which contributed to the spread of disinformation aimed at discrediting the president himself and Ukraine as a whole. The analysed examples demonstrated how distorted information and statements taken out of context can be used to manipulate public opinion and disinformation campaigns. That is why critical thinking and fact-checking are essential tools to combat fake news and propaganda, especially during an information warfare.
ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY IN UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS: TRANSLATION ASPECT
Authors: Prokopenko Antonina , Papusha Nataliia
Published: January 2025

The article focuses on the functioning and translation of English scientific and technical terminology, which play a significant role in information systems and intercultural communication. It emphasizes the importance of classifying and structuring terms in scientific and technical communication, which facilitates the translation and localization of technical texts for international use. Therefore, translation competence is integral to the professional polycode environment and characterizes not solely a translator-linguist, but also an expert in related fields of knowledge. This is particularly relevant in the scientific and technical field. The research primarily analyzes various aspects of English scientific and technical terminology, including the definition of the term and terminology, their classification, sources of borrowing and methods of word formation. In addition, terms are identified as essential elements of scientific and technical texts, as they ensure the accuracy and objectivity of information transmission. Different types of terms are classified by structure, origin and functional purpose. The borrowing of terms from other languages is considered a significant source of vocabulary enrichment in scientific and technical terminology. Various methods of word formation are used to create new terms: affixation, word compounding and conversion. Adapting English terms to the scientific and technical context of the target language involves calquing, transcription and semantic modification. Finally, the use of translational transformations such as replacement, permutation, addition, or omission is examined. It has been proven that the correct application of transformations contributes to a better understanding of the text, ensures linguistic naturalness, and maintains relevance to the context, which is important for effective communication in the scientific and technical sphere.
THE PROBLEM OF SELF-IDENTIFICATION OF PERSONALITY IN TONY MORRISON'S NOVELS
Authors: Vynogradov Andriy
Published: January 2025

Toni Morrison's work is notable for its emphasis on the problems of African-American national and cultural identity. The vast majority of characters in Morrison's novels represent a relevant cross-section of American society; the writer explores the historical fate of the black population of the New World, the complicated processes of transition from slavery to freedom. In the novels of the early 1970s («The Bluest Eye», «Sula») Morrison explores the destructive aspects of disintegration in the fates of characters who cannot transcend «collapsed communities» and «broken families» and partly fail in their attempts to assert individual independence. Instead, in the novel «Song of Solomon» (1977), the author introduces a character who, in a dramatic search for his own identity, realizes the need to know his people, their culture and traditions. The Song about Solomon in the novel plays the role of a «cultural matrix» through which the protagonist discovers his family history, and through it, the entire history of Black people, with whom he feels an inescapable identity. The song carries a multi-valued «sacred» code that accumulates the centuries-old experience of the people. At the same time, the hero's travels through America contribute to the fact that a kind of synthesis of traditional African and new American cultures takes place in his mind. The painful combination of the «Northern» and «Southern» components of African-American identity is discussed in the novel «Jazz» (1992). The tragic story of the black girl Dorcas and other immigrants from the American South unfolds in the backdrop of the unique atmosphere of New York in the first decades of the 20th century, permeated with jazz, which becomes a specific expression of the complicated «urban» consciousness of African-Americans.
QCD axion strings or seeds?
Authors: Blasi Simone , Mariotti Alberto
Published: January 2025

We study the impact of QCD axion strings on the cosmological history of electroweak (EW) symmetry breaking, focussing on the minimal KSVZ axion model. We consider the case of the pure SM Higgs potential as well as a simple scenario with a first order EW phase transition. We capture the effect of the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) sector within an effective-theory approach for the Higgs field, where the axion string core and the heavy PQ states are integrated out. The relevant parameters in this effective theory are controlled by the size of the portal coupling between the Higgs and the PQ scalar, and the mass of the PQ radial excitation. We determine the range of portal couplings for which the axion strings can strongly affect the dynamics of EW symmetry breaking. In the case of a first order EW phase transition, the strings can act as seeds by either catalyzing the nucleation of (non-spherical) bubbles, or leading to the completion of the phase transition by triggering a classical instability.
FROM GUIDELINES TO MISSED OPPORTUNITIES: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF ANCA VASCULITIS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Authors:   Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, MAR., Zeroual Chaimaa , Benzakour Merieme ,   Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, MAR., Moudatir Mina ,   Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, MAR., Echchilali Khadija ,   Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, MAR., Barakat Leila ,   Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, MAR., Mourabit Safaa ,   Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, MAR., El Kabli Hassan ,   Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, MAR.
Published: January 2025

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) represents a collection of rare autoimmune disorders that primarily target small blood vessels. This group includes granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). The diagnosis of AAV is multifaceted, relying on a combination of clinical assessments, biological markers, radiological imaging, and histopathological evaluations.Although the revised Chapel Hill classification has refined disease definitions, the absence of ANCAs in some patients can complicate diagnosis.

The management of AAV typically begins with an induction phase aimed at inducing remission. This phase often incorporates corticosteroids (CS) or Avacopan in conjunction with immunosuppressants such as Rituximab (RTX) or Cyclophosphamide (CYC). Following this initial treatment, patients generally transition to maintenance therapy. Despite significant advancements in the understanding and treatment of AAV, challenges persist regarding accurate prognosis and therapeutic management.

To evaluate disease severity and inform treatment decisions, clinicians utilize tools such as the Five-Factor Score (FFS) and the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). However, these assessment instruments have inherent limitations and may not fully encapsulate the complexity of the disease. Recent epidemiological research has underscored geographic variability in the incidence of AAV and highlighted the role of ANCAs as crucial diagnostic and prognostic markers.Evaluating long-term sequelae using indices such as the Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI) is essential, especially given improved survival rates and an increasing focus on enhancing patients quality of life.Current treatment strategies aim to minimize relapses and manage complications, including infections and metabolic disturbances however, there is a pressing need for more personalized approaches.This review emphasizes the importance of developing more sophisticated prognostic tools and activity scores to improve clinical management of AAV. It also advocates for continued research to optimize treatment strategies and enhance outcomes for patients affected by these challenging conditions.
ANALYSIS OF TRAINING NEEDS FOR ANESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE RESIDENTS
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco., Ahtil Redouane , Atmani Walid ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco., Elwali Abderrahmane ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco., Bensghir Mustapha ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco., Abou Elalaa Khalil ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco., Balkhi Hicham ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco.
Published: January 2025

Despiteadvancements in anesthesiasafety, perioperativemorbidityremains a frequentconcern, and no practitioneris immune to potential accidents. This studyaims to assess the training needs of anesthesia and intensive care residentsconcerning the management of perioperative incidents. A surveywasconductedat the Mohammed V MilitaryTeachingHospital in Rabat, usingindividual interviews and an open-ended questionnaire. The resultsrevealedsignificant training needs in knowledge, skills, and relationalabilities, particularly in managingperioperativehypoxemia, bronchospasm, cardiacrhythmdisturbances, and hemodynamicinstability. Junior residentsexpressedgreater training needscompared to senior residents. Thesefindingshighlight the necessity of targetededucation to improveperioperative care and safety in the operating room.
A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF BOARD DIVERSITY: RESEARCH TRENDS, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Authors: Christiani Desi , Widuri Rindang
Published: January 2025

Board diversity has become a central issue in corporate governance, with growing recognition of its potential benefits for organizational performance, decision-making, and stakeholder engagement. This paper explores the concept of board diversity, examining various dimensions such as gender, ethnicity, age, and professional background. This study examines the evolution of board diversity, significant trends, and research gaps in current literature through bibliometric analysis. This study employs bibliometric analysis to identify the key areas of research, countries, languages, starting years, top journals, and prolific authors in board diversity. Using (Scopus.Com, n.d.) as the data source, 832 records published between 2016 and 2024 with the keyword "Board Diversity" were analyzed. This research utilized The VOS Viewer software for data analysis. This study implies that the bibliometric analysis highlights essential research gaps and trends, provides a thorough picture of the topic, and points out areas that need more investigation, especially the relationship between corporate success, sustainability, and board diversity. This can direct future studies and give academics and professionals a greater understanding of the strategic value of diverse boards. The results also highlight the regional distribution of research, identifying unexplored areas that can profit from targeted investigations. Ultimately, this study is a valuable tool for anyone wishing to learn more about the changing dynamics of board diversity and how it broadly affects corporate governance.
DETERMINANT FACTORS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT: THE EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC SECTOR IN INDONESIA
Authors: Prawati Levana Dhia , Murwaningsari Etty
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the effects of spending plan composition elements, regional wealth, local government features, and the characteristics of regional government leaders on the quality of local government financial reports in Indonesia, as well as the moderating effect of financial performance. The research utilized Multinomial Logistic Regression with Pooled Data for hypothesis testing. This analysis draws on 1089 Regional Government Financial Reports from around Indonesia in 2021-2023.We utilize the audit opinion type as an indicator of reporting quality, where an unqualified opinion signifies the highest level of quality, and a disclaimer of opinion indicates the lowest quality. Two ratios were developed based on the financial budget by local government to measure financial performance, which are the Routine Ability Index Ratio (RAIR) and Budget Effectiveness Ratio (BER). The findings of this study, the regional wealth factor, and the proficiency of regional government officials affect the quality of regional financial reporting (FRQ). This research has implications for central government policies in examining the quality of regional financial reporting. The first implication of this study reveals that the wealthier a regional government is, the higher the quality of its financial reporting tends to be. Second, a leader’s years of experience in governing a region influence the quality of his regional financial report.  This implies a longer leadership period influences better performance.
Predictive analytics of cattle behavior using machine learning techniques: A case study
Authors: El Moutaouakil Khalid , Falih Noureddine , Doumi Karim
Published: January 2025

Livestock management is a critical aspect of agricultural sustainability and food security. Today, there is a pressing need for advanced tools in cattle behavior analysis to improve livestock welfare and productivity. We aimed to enhance cattle behavior classification by using accelerometers fitted in wearable collars. Deep learning techniques were employed to classify behavioral patterns in cattle such as feeding, moving, and lying. Ultimately, our study sought to improve livestock management practices, including the monitoring of health and overall well-being.
The study was conducted in a local barn, where cattle were outfitted with specially designed collars with accelerometer sensors. These sensors recorded intricate movements, facilitating the collection of comprehensive behavioral data. Deep learning algorithms were used to process and analyze the accelerometer data, enabling precise classification of various behaviors exhibited by the cattle.
Our results showed the effectiveness of AI-driven classification techniques in distinguishing cattle behaviors with a high degree of accuracy. Our findings underscore the potential of deep learning techniques in optimizing livestock management practices.
This research significantly advances livestock management by offering a simple continuous monitoring solution for cattle behavior. Deep learning techniques not only enhance our understanding of cattle behavior but also pave the way for intelligent systems that empower farmers to make informed decisions. By promoting healthier and more productive livestock, this research contributes to the broader goal of enhancing global food security and sustainability in the livestock industry.
Exploring the Intricacies of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): A Comprehensive Review-from Prevalence to Natural Solutions
Authors: Soni Priyanka , Jain Divya , Bhatti Manisha , Bhatia Deepika , Sharma chandan
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Among women of reproductive age, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition marked by insulin resistance,
metabolic abnormalities, and hormonal imbalances. Infertility, irregular menstrual periods, acne, hirsutism, and obesity are among the symptoms
that this illness frequently causes. Traditional PCOS therapies usually include drugs like insulin sensitizers and oral contraceptives, which can have
negative side effects and might not deal with the underlying causes of the condition. This study aims to examine the etiology of PCOS and the
effectiveness of natural management techniques in reducing symptoms and enhancing general health outcomes.

Aims and Objective:

The objective of this study is to comprehend the pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms of PCOS, including hormonal and metabolic factors,
assess the effectiveness of natural management strategies, such as dietary changes, herbal supplements, physical activity, and lifestyle
interventions, in managing symptoms, investigate the effects of particular diets and lifestyle changes on insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and
hormonal balance in PCOS patients, compare natural strategies with conventional treatments to determine the advantages and disadvantages of
each treatment, identify research gaps, and suggest areas for future study.

Methodology:

A thorough examination of pertinent literature, including clinical studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses published in peerreviewed
journals, was a part of the search approach. Studies on the pathophysiology of PCOS, traditional therapies, and natural management
strategies were found using databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Results:

The review concentrated on studies conducted within the last 15 years to guarantee that the most recent findings were included. This study intends
to shed light on the possible advantages of incorporating natural methods into PCOS care by combining the available data and comprehensive
treatment choices.

Conclusion:

In summary, PCOS is a common and complex disorder that affects women's health worldwide. Effective management requires knowledge of its
symptoms, risk factors, and underlying mechanisms. Women can be empowered to manage PCOS better and enhance their general well-being by
emphasizing a holistic approach that incorporates lifestyle changes and natural therapies.
Use of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Frail Older Adults is Associated with Increased Survival: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ragusa Francesco Saverio , Veronese Nicola , Ciriminna Stefano , Agnello Diletta , Capitummino Rosella , Cavaleri Chiara , D’Aleo Alessandro , Errera Chiara Maria , Garlisi Maria Chiara , Giannettino Chiara , Nigro Alessandra Lo , Lampo Sofia Elena Montana , Plano Ottavia Giovanna , Speziale Gerlando , Titone Pascal Roberto , Barbagallo Mario , Dominguez Ligia J.
Published: January 2025

Background:

In recent years, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have emerged
as a valuable treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and heart failure. Despite these medications seeming to be
safe in older people, the literature about SGLT2i and frailty is still limited. This study aims to evaluate
whether SGLT2i use is associated with increased survival in older adults and if frailty can affect the findings.

Material and Methods:

We enrolled over 65 patients admitted to the Geriatrics Wards at the University Hospital
'P. Giaccone' in Palermo, Italy, between December 2022 and May 2023. After 12 months of follow-up, various
outcomes were assessed, including mortality, hospitalization, glycemic dysregulation, urinary tract infections,
and falls. The association between SGLT2i use and mortality was analyzed and reported as hazard ratios
(HRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

A total of 80 patients were included in the study (mean age 79.5 ± 8.5 years; 50% were women). Patients
using SGLT2i had a higher prevalence of T2D (p = 0.02) and cirrhosis (p = 0.001). After adjusting for
potential confounders, SGLT2i use was significantly associated with a reduced mortality risk (HR = 0.53;
95% CI: 0.20-0.93; p = 0.02). When stratified by the presence of multidimensional frailty, SGLT2i use was
significantly associated with a lower risk of mortality in frail patients (HR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.06-0.88; p =
0.008), but not in robust ones.

Conclusion:

In older frail patients, the use of SGLT2i is associated with reduced mortality after 12 months of
follow-up. Further larger studies are needed to evaluate the role of these medications in older adults.
Mechanism Analysis of the Effect of Cordycepin on Colorectal Cancer via Network Pharmacology and Experiment
Authors: Chen Ya , Wang Peng , Zhang Mingzhu , Yang Hao , Liang Beibei
Published: January 2025

Objective:

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has attracted much attention due to its high mortality
and morbidity. Cordycepin, also known as 3'-deoxyadenosine (3'-dA), exhibits many biological
functions, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory
effects. It has been proven to show anticancer activity in both laboratory research
studies and living organisms. However, the molecular mechanism of the effect of cordycepin on
CRC remains unclear.

Methods:

The genes associated with cordycepin and colorectal cancer have been identified by
comparing the toxicogenomics database (CTD) and GeneCards database. The common genes between
cordycepin and CRC have been identified using the Venny tool. The Protein-protein Interaction
(PPI) network has been drawn using the STRING database. GO and KEGG enrichment
analyses of the intersecting genes have been followed by experimental validation, both in vitro
and in vivo.

Results:

24 drug targets have been screened using the CTD database and 1490 disease targets
have been obtained from the GeneCards database and GO and KEGG analyses. The effect of
cordycepin on the proliferation of SW480 cells has been assessed using CCK-8. The related results
have indicated cordycepin to inhibit the proliferation of SW480 cells, promote apoptosis,
and activate the p53 signal pathway. The findings obtained from in vivo experiments have been
found to be consistent with those obtained from in vitro studies.

Conclusion:

Our findings have elucidated an effective way to search for cordycepin’s potential
mechanism of effect on CRC therapy by employing the network pharmacology and experiment.
We have predicted that cordycepin can inhibit tumor growth by regulating the apoptosis pathway.
This study has offered valuable insights into the potential mechanism of the effect of
cordycepin on CRC and provided a theoretical basis for further validation of its clinical application.

result:

A total of 24 drug targets were screened using the CTD database, and 1490 disease targets were obtained from the GeneCards database, and GO and KEGG analysis. The impact of cordycepin on the proliferation of SW480 cells was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). The apoptosis rate was detected using flow cytometry. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of related proteins. The results indicate that cordycepin inhibited the proliferation of SW480 cells, promoted apoptosis, and activated p53 singnal pathway. The findings from in vivo experiments were consistent with those from in vitro studies.
Advances in Migraine Treatment: A Comprehensive Clinical Review
Authors: Rushendran Rapuru , Vellapandian Chitra
Published: January 2025

Migraine is a neurological disease that, while not inherently causing “chronic headaches,”
can evolve into a chronic condition over time including major symptoms such as nausea, and
light, sound, and allodynia, particularly in cases of frequent episodic migraine or due to factors
such as medication overuse or inadequate management. This condition's complex pathophysiology
makes treatment difficult. Genetics, trigeminovascular system activation, and cortical spreading
depression are involved. Epidemiological research estimates that one in seven persons worldwide
are affected, mostly women. Migraine prevalence has increased dramatically in recent decades;
however, it varies by demographic and location. This review covers pharmaceutical and
non-pharmacological migraine therapy methods and their future. Second-generation triptans have
reduced side effects and administration issues, however, Zolmitriptan and Sumatriptan still treat
migraines. Monoclonal antibodies that target calcitonin gene-related peptides may prevent migraines;
however, their accessibility and safety are problems. Antiepileptics, beta-blockers, and
neuromodulation devices are also available. Wearable technology offers customized monitoring
and intervention. Precision medicine and gene-based medicines provide hope for tailored migraine
treatments, but access, privacy, and informed consent raises ethical concerns. Stakeholder engagement
must promote patient autonomy and well-being, responsible implementation, and equal access
to novel therapies. A holistic and multidisciplinary approach is needed to manage migraines,
taking into consideration present and future therapy developments and new challenges. Research,
collaboration, and ethics can improve migraine outcomes and quality of life.
Conformation Study and Design of Novel 6-Hydroxybenzothiazole-2-Carboxamides as Potentially Potent and Selective Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors for Neuroprotection
Authors: Xie Dong , Guo Penghang , Zhao Quantang , Gao Yu , Zhang Jianan , Zhou Jie
Published: January 2025

Background:

6-hydroxybenzothiazole-2-carboxamide is a novel, potent, and specific
monoamine oxidase B inhibitor that can be used to study the structure of molecules and come up
with new ways to protect neurons.

Objective:

The objective of this work was to create an effective model using derivatives of 6-
hydroxybenzothiazole-2-carboxamide and establish a dependable predictive foundation for the
development of neuroprotective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative
diseases.

Methods:

The construction and optimization of all compounds were carried out sequentially using
ChemDraw software and Sybyl-X software. The optimized compounds were further analyzed
using the COMSIA approach and the Sybyl-X software tool for QSAR modeling. A set of novel
compounds of 6-hydroxybenzothiazole-2-carboxamide were created and their IC50 values were
forecasted using QSAR modeling. Ultimately, the recently developed compounds underwent a
screening process using their IC50 values, and molecular docking tests were conducted on the
ten most promising compounds with the highest IC50 values.

Results:

The 3D-QSAR model exhibited favorable outcomes. The value of q2 in the COMSIA
model was 0.569. The model demonstrated a superior r2 value of 0.915, a lower SEE of 0.109,
and a higher F-value of 52.714. The statistical findings and validation of the model were deemed
adequate. Furthermore, analyzing the contour plots might assist in identifying the necessary
structural specifications.

Conclusion:

This work has the potential to provide an insight into the development of active
medicines that protect the nervous system against neurodegenerative disorders.
Non-canonical Roles of Complement in the CNS: From Synaptic
Organizer to Presynaptic Modulator of Glutamate Transmission
Authors: Pittaluga Anna , Torre Veronica , Olivero Guendalina , Rosenwasser Nicole , Taddeucci Alice
Published: January 2025

The central nervous system (CNS) is not an immune-privileged compartment, but it is intimately
intertwined with the immune system. Among the components shared by the two compartments
is the complement, a main constituent of innate immunity, which is also produced centrally
and controls the development and organization of synaptic connections. Complement is considered a
doubled-faced system that, besides controlling the physiological development of the central network,
also subserves synaptic engulfment pivotal to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Quite
interestingly, besides these “canonical” roles, evidence in the last two decades highlighted other
“non-canonical” role(s), thereby complementing modulates chemical transmission at central synapsis.
It emerged that glutamate is the preferential target of these “non-canonical” complementinduced
effects, which include i) the control of the release of glutamate from neurons and astrocytes
and ii) the control of the number and the functions of central glutamatergic receptor subtypes (i.e.,
the NMDA receptors, the AMPA/kainate receptors, and the metabotropic glutamate receptors) in
plasma membranes. This review summarizes some of the available results supporting the role of
complement as a “modulator” of central glutamate transmission, paying particular attention to those
events that occur presynaptically. Taking into consideration the enormous progress in complement
pharmacology and the increasing number of therapeutics in clinical trials, deepening our knowledge
of these” non-canonical” role(s) could pave the road to new therapeutic approaches for the management
of central neurological diseases.
The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: A High-level Hub for Allostatic Cardiovascular Control
Authors: Marcinkowska Anna B. , Kucewicz Michał T. , Szarmach Arkadiusz , Winklewski Paweł J.
Published: January 2025

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is increasingly targeted by various noninvasive
transcranial magnetic stimulation or transcranial current stimulation protocols in a range of
neuropsychiatric and other brain disorders. The rationale for this therapeutic modulation remains
elusive. A model is proposed, and up-to-date evidence is discussed, suggesting that the dlPFC is a
high-level cortical centre where uncertainty management, movement facilitation, and cardiovascular
control processes are intertwined and integrated to deliver optimal behavioural responses in particular
environmental or emotional contexts. A summary of the state-of-the-art in the field is provided to
accelerate the development of emerging neuromodulation technologies for brain stimulation and recording
for patients with mood, sleep, and cognitive disorders in our ageing population.
Promising Adventitia in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Qiao Maolin , Zhang Ruijing , Xuan Xuezhen , Yan Sheng , Dong Honglin
Published: January 2025

The adventitia, the artery's most intricate layer, has received little attention. During atherosclerosis,
adventitia components undergo significant changes, such as angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis,
Artery Tertiary Lymphoid Organ (ATLO) formation, axon density increase, fibroblast activation,
and stem cell differentiation. The reasons behind these changes and their contribution to atherosclerosis
are beginning to be understood. In this review, we summarize the adventitia components and their
role in normal arteries and then discuss the changes, pathogenesis, and potential clinical application
of the adventitia in atherosclerosis.
The Immune System, An Arrow into the Heart. Principles of
Cardioimmunology, An Emerging Branch in Medicine
Authors: Caiati Carlo , Jirillo Emilio
Published: January 2025

Cardioimmunology is an emerging branch of medicine whose development has been
facilitated by more sophisticated diagnostic procedures. Recent studies have mainly focused on the
immune response during myocardial infarction (MI), and there is evidence that both resident and
external immune cells participate in acute inflammatory disease, as well as tissue remodeling. Following
MI, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and mast cells (MCs) are the main players in the
heart. Under steady-state conditions, cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) protect the heart
against stress and infectious events, being involved in cell and matrix turnover, as well as phagocytosis
of apoptotic cells. Moreover, CRMs contribute to the resolution of inflammation via release
of interleukin (IL)-10, and efferocytosis of dying cells. Conversely, CCR2+ monocytederived
macrophages promote inflammation in the acute phase of myocardial damage, with the
release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conventional (c) DCs possess enhanced capacity to present
antigens to T lymphocytes. In MI patient autopsies, massive infiltration of T helper (Th) cells and
CDs has been detected in the myocardium. Cardiac MCs play a dual role during MI, with the production
of cytokines for early inflammatory response, and the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines,
IL10 and IL-13 during the resolution phase. In experimental coronary artery ligation, the
myocardium is infiltrated with Th1, Th2, Th17, and T regulatory (TREG) cells, which participate
in the acute inflammation. In cardiac repair, T cell reparative response is mediated by TREG cells,
with improved ventricular remodeling and function post-ischemia. In this review, emphasis will be
placed on the innate and adaptive immune response during and post-MI. At the same time, immunotherapy-
based cardiac failure following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell and immune checkpoint
inhibitory therapy will be pointed out.
Zhenwu Decoction Modulates PDE3A to Alleviate Inflammation in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Yao Fang , Chen Xueqing
Published: January 2025

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy, a complex microvascular complication of diabetes,
poses substantial health and economic challenges globally. ZWD, known for its multi-component
composition, has demonstrated potential therapeutic effects in DN, yet its molecular mechanisms
require further elucidation to support its clinical application.

Aim:

This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the active components, target molecules, and
molecular mechanisms of Zhenwu Decoction (ZWD), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula,
in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN), with a focus on its anti-inflammatory effects
through the modulation of the PDE3A-mediated cAMP-PKA-NFκB axis.

Objective:

The primary objective was to identify the active components of ZWD, their targets, and
the underlying molecular pathways through which ZWD exerts its therapeutic effects on DN, specifically
focusing on the modulation of inflammation in renal cells under high glucose conditions.

Method:

A combined approach of network pharmacology, single-cell transcriptomics, and molecular
docking analyses was employed to investigate the active components, target molecules, and underlying
mechanisms of ZWD in treating DN. A high-glucose-induced HK-2 cell model was established
to simulate in vitro DN conditions. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, while quantitative
real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting were employed to quantify gene expression and
protein levels, respectively.

Results:

Our analysis uncovered 141 active components in ZWD, which targeted 171 proteins involved
in pathways related to hypoxia response, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, urotensin II
signaling, and other pathways implicated in diabetes and vascular diseases. Among these, 75 overlapping
genes were pinpointed as potential therapeutic targets of ZWD for DN. Protein-protein interaction
networks revealed three functional clusters of targets potentially associated with oxidative
stress responses, lipid metabolism, and hormonal regulation. Cell-type specific analyses showed
differential expression of these targets in DN, particularly in proximal tubular epithelial cells. Notably,
through molecular docking, we discovered a strong binding affinity between PDE3A and betasitosterol.
In vitro experiments confirmed that ZWD extract modulated PDE3A expression, leading
to the suppression of the PKA/AMPK/NF-κB axis and attenuation of high glucose-induced inflammation
in HK-2 cells.

Conclusion:

This study identified that Zhenwu Decoction (ZWD) suppressed high glucose-induced
inflammation in renal cells by inhibiting the PDE3A-mediated cAMP-PKA-NFκB axis, highlighting
the potential of ZWD as an effective adjunct therapy for diabetic nephropathy and paving the way for
innovative anti-inflammatory treatments.
Using Multi-Omics Methods to Understand Gouty Arthritis
Authors: Gao Siming , Song Hui
Published: January 2025

Gouty arthritis is a common arthritic disease caused by the deposition of monosodium
urate crystals in the joints and the tissues around it. The main pathogenesis of gout is the inflammation
caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals. Omics studies help us evaluate
global changes in gout during recent years, but most studies used only a single omics approach to
illustrate the mechanisms of gout. In this review, we review the genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics,
proteomics, and metabolomics of gout, observing that different genes, DNA methylation,
miRNAs, LncRNAs, circRNAs, proteins, and metabolites are found between hyperuricemia, acute
gout arthritis, and chronic gout arthritis, and some of them are associated with disease activity,
prognosis or treatment, which help us broaden our understanding of the pathogenesis and provide
important clues for valuable biomarkers. To our knowledge, this is the first study that combines
all omics studies from genomics to metabolomics and may serve as a reference for future studies
to identify the key underlying pathways in gout.
Unlocking Platelet Mechanisms through Multi-Omics Integration: A Brief Review
Authors: Fareed Muhammad Mazhar , Qasmi Maryam , Khan Zarmina , Ali Haider , Stavrakis Stavros , Förster Carola Y. , Shityakov Sergey
Published: January 2025

Platelets, tiny cell fragments measuring 2-4 μm in diameter without a nucleus, play a
crucial role in blood clotting and maintaining vascular integrity. Abnormalities in platelets,
whether genetic or acquired, are linked to bleeding disorders, increased risk of blood clots, and
cardiovascular diseases. Advanced proteomic techniques offer profound insights into the roles
of platelets in hemostasis and their involvement in processes such as inflammation, metastasis,
and thrombosis. This knowledge is vital for drug development and identifying diagnostic markers
for platelet activation. Platelet activation is an exceptionally rapid process characterized by
various posttranslational modifications, including protein breakdown and phosphorylation. By
utilizing multiomics technologies and biochemical methods, researchers can thoroughly investigate
and define these posttranslational pathways. The absence of a nucleus in platelets significantly
simplifies mass spectrometry-based proteomics and metabolomics, as there are fewer
proteins to analyze, streamlining the identification process. Additionally, integrating multiomics
approaches enables a comprehensive examination of the platelet proteome, lipidome, and
metabolome, providing a holistic understanding of platelet biology. This multifaceted analysis
is critical for elucidating the complex mechanisms underpinning platelet function and dysfunction.
Ultimately, these insights are crucial for advancing therapeutic strategies and improving
diagnostic tools for platelet-related disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The integration of
multi-omics technologies is paving the way for a deeper understanding of platelet mechanisms,
with significant implications for biomedical research and clinical applications.
An Integrative Computational Approach for the Identification of C-Abl Kinase Inhibitors from Anti-Parkinson Plant-Derived Bioactive
Authors: Umar Haruna Isiyaku , Ashimiyu-Abdusalam Zainab , Kumar Neeraj , Kuthi Najwa Ahmad , Victor Omoboyede , Abdulsalam Zainab Naeem , Aribo Elizabeth Oluwabunmi , Bello Ridwan Opeyemi , Bin Jardan Yousef A. , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Bourhia Mohammed
Published: January 2025

Background:

Oxidative stress is strongly linked to neurodegeneration through the activation
of c-Abl kinase, which arrests α-synuclein proteolysis by interacting with parkin interacting substrate
(PARIS) and aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2
(AIMP2). This activation, triggered by ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, leads to dopaminergic
neuron loss and α-synuclein aggregation, a critical pathophysiological aspect of Parkinson’s
disease (PD). To halt PD progression, pharmacological inhibition of c-Abl kinase is essential. Despite
three generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) being explored for PD treatment, they present
significant concerns including poor blood-brain barrier penetration, off-target effects, and severe side
effects. Notably, there are currently no FDA-approved c-Abl kinase inhibitors in clinical usage for PD
treatment, highlighting the urgent need for potent, safe, and cost-effective alternatives.

Objective:

This study aims to identify potential c-Abl kinase inhibitors from plant-derived compounds
with reported anti-Parkinson's potential and their derivatives using molecular docking, molecular
dynamics simulations (MDS), and in silico pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiling.

Methods:

Seventy-eight compounds sourced from literature were docked against c-Abl kinase using
Maestro 12.5. The top three hit compounds, along with nilotinib (control drug), were subjected
to drug-likeness, ADMET profiling using the AI Drug Lab server and 100 ns MDS using Desmond.

Results:

Amburoside A, diarylheptanoid MS13, and dimethylaminomethyl-substituted-curcumin
showed binding affinities close to nilotinib, with values of -12.615, -12.556, and -11.895 kcal/mol
respectively, compared to nilotinib's -16.826 kcal/mol. The three plant-derived compounds exhibited
excellent structural stability and favorable ADMET profiles, including optimal blood-brain barrier
permeation

Conclusion:

The three hit compounds identified in this study show potential as c-Abl kinase inhibitors.
Given the absence of FDA-approved c-Abl kinase inhibitors for PD, these findings are significant
as they could contribute new therapeutic options for the treatment and management of PD.
However, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are necessary to validate these findings.