bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unidireccionalidad, promoción partidista y polarización. Actividad en Twitter de los candidatos a la presidencia del Gobierno de España en las elecciones generales de 2019
Authors: Gamir-Ríos José , Pop Anastasia-Ioana , López-García Guillermo , Llorca-Abad Germán , Fenoll Vicente
Published: March 2022

This paper analyzes the use of Twitter by the candidates for the presidency of the Government of Spain of the five main parties at the national level –PSOE, PP, Vox, Podemos, and Ciudadanos– during the general elections campaigns held in April and November 2019. The main purpose of this study is to determine the strategies regarding the use of the microblogging network by the leaders, in terms of activity, interaction, and fame, and in terms of topics and discursive development, as well as their similarities and differences. The secondary objective is to study the evolution of these strategies both between the two campaigns and with respect to previous elections. To this end, this research is based on a content analysis methodology that studies quantitative, qualitative, and discursive elements. The results reveal an uneven use of Twitter in terms of frequency of updates, but similar in terms of its unidirectionality, with scarce interaction with other users and a predominance of tweets with their own content over retweets. The dissemination of other people’s content was used almost entirely to promote the candidate’s political party and, to a lesser extent, to interact with journalists. Dialog with citizens was almost always residual, both in retweets and in responses. This utilitarian conception of the microblogging network was accompanied by a polarizing thematic selection, with an almost general preponderance of political over policy issues.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DEPENDENCE OF DATA TRANMISSION SPEED ON THE LENGTH OF THE SPECSALIZED COMPUTER NETWORK SS-LINK SEGMENT
Authors: Babchuk S. M.
Published: March 2022

Currently, between producers in various fields is constantly fighting for markets. The main factors that allow us to win this fight are to ensure the production of quality products at a lower cost than the competitor. The tool that will achieve the above advantages is the introduction of modern technologies in process control systems. One of the current and promising areas of modernization and creation of new automation systems by technological processes is the construction of such systems on the basis of specialized computer networks. CC-Link, a specialized computer network, was developed by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation in 1996. And since then it is constantly improving and evolving. CC-Link network has been certified in accordance with international standards IEC61158 / IEC61784, ISO15745-5, SEMI E54.12, state standards of China and South Korea. The CC-Link partner association includes 3,793 companies worldwide, and the board of directors of this association includes the world-famous companies Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Cisco Systems Inc, 3M Company, NEC Corporation, Schneider Electric Japan Holdings Ltd. The technical advantages in favor of the use of a specialized computer network CC-LINK in process control automation systems include the fact that it is a high-speed (up to 10 Mbps at a distance of up to 100 m), open and deterministic industrial network, which has the means to increase network reliability. As a result of the conducted researches the mathematical model of change of speed of data transfer from length of a segment of the specialized computer network CC-Link is developed. The error in calculating the value of the data rate in the CC-Link network using the developed model does not exceed 0.04%. The developed mathematical model can be further used in the design of new systems based on the CC-Link network.
ON THE STRUCTURE OF EUTECTIC SYSTEMS MELTINGS: THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF MODEL REPRESENTATION OF THE LIQUID STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION
Authors: Mykhailiuk I. R. , Vavryk T. O. , Tsareva O. S. , Podubynska N. D.
Published: March 2022

In the offered article theoretical researches of eutectic systems are systematized, connection of results of these researches with model representation of the description of structure of a liquid for the purpose of the further practical realization is allocated. This study is relevant because there is no generalized and systematic information on the study of the structure of melts of eutectic systems. On the one hand, this is due to certain contradictions in some studies. However, the main problem is the ambiguity and inconsistency of interpretation of the results of studies of the structure of melts. The authors note that in solving problems related to the nature of the liquid state, of particular interest is the study of the structure of two-component melts, which form in the solid state phase equilibrium diagrams of the eutectic type. The term eutectic means "most fusible" and is used to describe an isothermal reversible reaction in which a liquid decomposes into two or more solid phases during cooling. It is proposed to make judgments about the structure of metal melts of eutectic systems according to the type of liquidus line of the phase equilibrium diagram. To do this, all eutectic systems are divided into: systems with a smooth liquidus line without an inflection point in either the pre-eutectic or the supereutectic region (NI); systems with an inflection point on one branch of the liquidus line; systems with an inflection point on both branches of the liquidus line; systems with a eutectic point near the zero concentration of one of the components and an inflection point on the liquidus line (0% SI). Based on the generalized and systematized results of theoretical and experimental studies, it is proved that eutectic systems are polygenic systems that have a wide range of interactions between particles and, accordingly, have a short-range structure. This information can make it possible to unambiguously interpret the results of diffraction studies and physicochemical analysis data to create a model representation of the description of the structure of the liquid (melt).
KNOWLEDGE-ORIENTED DECISION-MAKING METHODS IN SIMULATIONS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS SIMULATION
Authors: Poteriailo L. O. , Protsjuk V. V. , Kravtsiv K. I.
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of research in the field of simulation of drilling processes using modern computer modeling. The main parameters of the drilling process are determined as theoretical considerations aimed at introducing concepts related to simulation modeling and computer modeling in drilling. The analysis of the models used in the simulation of drilling processes is carried out. The basic characteristics of the simulator modeling are highlighted, which provides a holistic perception of technological processes, as well as any degree of their detailing. The main methods of modeling used in the development of automated control systems and simulators of industrial installations, ways of developing their software and some aspects of creating effective software and computer systems are presented. Further, a review of the essence of technological simulators is carried out, from a technical point of view, the current state of training systems for training operators of technological processes is highlighted. The differences between simulators and other teaching aids and the specifics of simulators for technical processes are presented. The characteristic features and prospects of simulator building in various industries are briefly described. The compulsory components of the simulators and the quality criteria of the simulators are determined. A study of the existing technical solutions for systems of the "Drilling simulators" class was carried out. Conclusions are made regarding the practical aspects of using modern engineering solutions for drilling simulators. The advantages are determined as a result of using simulators in various types of operational-tactical exercises, as the main form of improving the optimization of drilling control both for production tasks and training tasks. Particular emphasis is placed on the Drillsimm5000 simulator, which is used in the training of drilling specialists at the Ivano-Frankivsk Technical National University of Oil and Gas. From the standpoint of various services of the enterprise interested in purchasing simulators, the potential benefits of computer training and the tasks that need to be solved for the successful implementation of simulators are analyzed, problems associated with their implementation are presented.
SYNTHESIS OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Kuchmustenko O. V. , Shavranskyi M. V. , Nezamay B. S. , Malko O. G.
Published: March 2022

The synthesis of the fuzzy regulator of the rotor speed control system of a gas turbine engine is presented in the work. The results of mathematical modeling of a system with a digital fuzzy controller, which form a control effect on a non-stationary control object, are demonstrated. A comparative assessment of adaptive control based on fuzzy logic (FD) of the considered nonstationary object is given. A comparative evaluation of the work, which is characterized by the current error of the adaptive control system and the system calculated on the basis of NL, allows us to conclude that the use of fuzzy controller for control systems considered typical non-stationary objects is appropriate because the current error in the system fuzzy-regulator does not exceed the current error in the adaptive system.

When forming the structural schemes of SU with fuzzy-regulators, it seems important to choose the input parameters of the fuzzy-regulator. Linguistic control rules alone cannot be implemented on modern computers. The procedure of their formalization is necessary. In this regard, the task of choosing a method of formalizing expert knowledge is very important. In addition, since fuzzy sets are formalized by membership functions, the choice of their form and parameters plays a significant role. When implementing fuzzy control in modern computers, it is necessary to set specific values ​​of the parameters of membership functions, in particular the limits of their change. Therefore, the technique of parametric adjustment of the fuzzy controller is important.

When designing the controller from the minimum quality criteria calculated for different variants, the use of exponential membership functions is chosen, which when optimizing the HP parameters give the least of the minimum values ​​of the indicator J.
AUTOMATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF DRILLING OF WELLS ON THE BASIS OF THE METHOD OF STRUCTURAL SCHEMES
Authors: Borun V. S. , Kogutyak M. I. , Kuchak M. M.
Published: March 2022

The analysis of modern methods of graphic representation of automatic control systems (AAP) is carried out. The graphical analog of operational management is valuable at the stage of knowledge of the nature and logic of communication between the members of the management, convenient at the stage of control transformation, changing the visual structural transformations, and creates the basis for solving equations with modern methods of machine automatics. For this stage, the following graphing images (SAT) methods were compared: "Method of Functional Schemes", "Structural Image Method", "Method of Structural Schemes".

The advantages and disadvantages of the method of structural schemes are presented. It is necessary to emphasize that the structural scheme on the basis of typical dynamic units should be considered not as an illustration to the equation describing the SAR, but rather as a very convenient and obvious way of compiling the equations of the system by the equation of individual units. Considerable attention is paid to the use of structural schemes for the image of the system of mechanical links. Detailed ways of connecting mechanical links are presented in detail. The general rule of construction of the structural scheme of the n - mass mechanical system is given.
Anisotropy of the surface energy of silicides of some metals
Authors: Yurov V.M. , Goncharenko V.I. , Oleshko V.S. , Makhanov K.M.
Published: March 2022

An empirical model of a solid surface is proposed in the article. The thickness of the surface layer is described in terms of one parameter – the atomic volume of an element or its compounds. Surface energy is also expressed through one parameter – the melting point of a chemical element or crystal. The model proposes equations that allow calculating the thickness of the surface layer and surface energy for each face of the crystal. As an example, calculations of these values are made for silicides of some metals with crystal structures of cubic, hexagonal and rhombic systems. For cubic silicides, the thickness of the surface layer is 3-9 nm, and the number of monolayers is 7-16. Studies of metal deposition on silicon faces have shown that silicon silicide is formed on the (111) face, which has the highest surface energy. The reaction on the (100) face occurs only on the oxidized surface. In hexagonal silicides, anisotropy is seen, both in the values of thethickness of the surface layer and in the values of the surface energy. For example, during the formation of chromium disilicide on the (111) face in the c direction, it was found that the sizes of the islands become larger than on the (001) face. The authors designate that the thickness of the surface layer and the specificsurface energy for cubic, hexagonal, and rhombic crystals significantly differ from them. What is the difference? First, the difference between the atoms of chemical elements from the periodic table and their compounds depends, first of all, on their electronic structure, which forms this or that interaction potential.Secondly, the difference between cubic, hexagonal and rhombic crystals lies in their relationship with Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus, that is, on two material parameters. Third, the thickness of the surface layer between cubic, hexagonal, and rhombic crystals also differs in only one parameter – the atomic (molar)volume of the crystal. However, the analysis of all the patterns still needs to be carefully analyzed.
Theoretical study of the Ni–C system in the pressure range of 0–100 GPa
Authors: Abuova A.U. , Inerbaev T.M. , Abuova F.U. , Kaptagay G.A.
Published: March 2022

This work is devoted to the search for stable compounds and structures in the Ni–C system in the pressure range of 0–100 GPa. Based on the density functional theory, a search for stable compounds and structures in the Ni–C system was carried out using modern algorithms for predicting crystal structures. As a result, one stable intermediate compound Ni3C with the structure of cementite, previously synthesized at 184 GPa, was revealed. Ni3C nickel carbide is dynamically stable, which is confirmed by the absence of imaginary modes in the phonon spectra. According to the results obtained, Ni3C is formed by the reaction of 3Ni + C ↔ Ni3Cabove 23 GPa and is stable up to at least 100 GPa. Spin-polarized calculations showed that the Ni3C has no magnetic moment in the entire pressure range. For carbon-rich compounds, performed calculations on the crystal structure prediction did not reveal any phase that would be energetically favorable relative to amixture of pure nickel and carbon. Also, it was shown that the most energetically favorable modification of metastable carbide Ni7C3 is orthorhombic Ni7C3-Pbca.
Study of polyamorphic transformations in the cryomatrix of nitrogen in cryovacuum condensates of water
Authors: Aldiyarov A.U. , Beisenov K.I. , Suiinzhanova U.P. , Yerezhep D.E.
Published: March 2022

One of the important tasks of modern physics of condensed matter is to establish an unambiguous connection between the conditions of formation and the properties of the resulting solid phase. Its solution will contribute to major breakthroughs in the creation of materials with desired properties. As any scientific and technological problem, this approach is associated with the need to address a wide range of fundamental issues. The basis for success in this direction is the implementation of a complex not only with model tests, when the investigated substance is important from a practical point of view, but in itself has interesting physical properties; such objects can be fully attributed to chemical properties. Hydrogen-bonded substances, in which, in addition to van der Waals forces, interactions due to the presence of an intermolecular hydrogen bond play an important role. The obtained method of cryomatrix isolation facilitates assuming that in the process of cryocondensation of pure components of water and ethanol at an intermediate stage in the adsorbed layer, there is a process of formation of clusters with a short-range order similar to the liquid state of water or ethanol.
Exercise Transcutaneous Oxygen Pressure (Extcpo2) Measurement is a Reliable Method of Evaluation of Internal Iliac Artery flow Compromise
Authors: Sen Indrani , Kalra Manju , Liedl RN David A , Mahe Guillaume , Abraham Pierre , Harmsen William , W Wennberg Paul
Published: March 2022

Clinical differentiation of buttock claudication from pseudo-claudication (neuromuscular etiology) is often challenging and cannot be diagnosed non-invasively using standard ankle-brachial index (ABI) with exercise. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of exercise transcutaneous oximetry (ExTcPO2) to accurately detect significant internal iliac artery (IIA) inflow stenosis. Methods: Data from a prospectively maintained registry of consecutive patients undergoing ExTcPO2 for evaluation of buttock and hip exertional discomfort as well as arterial imaging within 12 months were retrospectively analyzed. ExTcPO2 was performed on a treadmill (10% slope; 2 mph speed); measured at buttocks, upper back and calf (rest, with exercise) to document the baseline normal, degree of change with exercise and recovery patterns. A Delta from Resting Oxygen Pressure (DROP) (buttock- back TcPO2 mmHg) ≥15 mm Hg was considered significant. A blinded physician performed aorto-iliac arterial stenosis quantification and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine sensitivity and specificity to diagnose severe inflow reduction (≥70%) based upon a diagnostic DROP ≥15 mm Hg. Results: One hundred and eleven patients (M:F::79:32, mean age 70, range 18-90 years) with available concomitant imaging (CTA 90, DUS 21) were included in the study. Indications for testing were suspected vascular (82), or neuromuscular (29) symptoms. ExTcPO2 study confirmed the clinical suspicion of the state of IAA inflow in 81% (91/111) of patients. DROP ≥15 mm Hg had a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV of 56, 80, 70, and 68% respectively for prediction of severe IIA inflow reduction (p value <0.001; OR 1.116, 95% CI 1.057-1.157; C- statistic 0.76, SE=0.03). Aorto-iliac arterial reconstruction to treat severe IIA flow compromise was performed in 16 patients. Revascularization was Direct Antegrade in 12 patients (IIA PTA /stenting – 4, aorto-ilac stenting /endarterectomy – 9), Direct Retrograde (aorto-biiliac bypass) in 1 and Indirect via increased collateral flow (profundoplasty) in 3. Post-operatively symptom relief was noted in 15/16 patients and objectively demonstrated on ExTcPo2 in 6/7 (Figure 2). One patient did not improve clinically, or on EXTcPO2 following Indirect revascularization. Conclusion: Exercise transcutaneous oximetry can reliably diagnose significant IIA inflow stenosis. It is simple, non-invasive and can serve as a valuable screening tool to differentiate buttock claudication from other neuromuscular causes of low back, buttock and hip discomfort as well as post-operatively to confirm adequacy of aorto-iliac revascularization in conjunction with standard, noninvasive vascular evaluation with ABI.
Post-Laramide, Collapse-Related Fracturing and Associated Production; Wind River Basin, Wyoming
Authors: Thompson Ryan C.
Published: March 2022

The mechanisms and timing of fracturing are important parameters to predicting intensely fractured trends with enhanced reservoir permeability and production potential. Fracture analyses were used to test hypotheses for the structural development of the Wind River Basin in Wyoming that include: 1) pre-Laramide regional compression; 2) Laramide ENE-WSW horizontal compression and left-slip faulting; and 3) multiple post-Laramide hypotheses: a) near-surface mechanisms; b) regional extension due to a variety of causes; and/or c) localized extensional reactivation and backsliding of thrust faults during release of compression and collapse of basin-bounding arches. Fracture data collected from Cambrian- to Eocene-aged formations throughout the basin included 1,900 joints and minor faults measured at 45 outcrop stations and 14,775 fractures compiled from 39 micro-resistivity image log interpretations. Inferred stress axes were calculated using eigenvector averaging and show two distinct stages of deformation: 1) Laramide ENE-WSW horizontal shortening followed by 2) post-Laramide extension consistent with modern stresses. Post-Laramide fractures in the basin parallel NW-SE striking joints observed across the Rocky Mountain foreland, except in the vicinity of E-W trending basin-bounding arch margins where these fractures closely parallel arch-bounding thrust faults. Fracture analyses are consistent with Laramide shortening followed by localized extension in proximity to both basin-bounding master thrusts and smaller productive structures in the basin. Seismic-based models show backsliding on these thrusts related to arch/anticline collapse. Recent wells at Frenchie Draw gas field have high initial production rates and probably intersected off-structure, intensely fractured trends along the margins of what appears to be a collapsed anticline.
RESTORATION OF THE NETWORK OF LOCAL AIRPORTS OF UKRAINE: APPROACHES, INNOVATIVE MODELS AND ACTION STRATEGIES
Authors: Dumanska Ilona
Published: March 2022

The state of aviation of Ukraine in the pre- and post-pandemic period is analyzed. The peculiarities of the development of the existing objects of the aviation infrastructure of Ukraine, including the network of local airports, are determined. Factors influencing the development of state infrastructure in the field of building a network of local airports have been identified. The approach to understanding of networks of local airports as function consisting of such elements as the airport is formed; airline; organization of air traffic and factors of influence: demand for air transportation; geographical resources; technical and technological limitations; economic and organizational requirements; legal requirements; security; ecology; inclusiveness of the territory. A critical and comparative analysis of the strategy of development of the network of local airports of Ukraine on the basis of innovative models: low-cost transportation and organization of hub centers. It was identified that the socio-economic conditions of Ukraine are not favorable for the active development of air transport and the formation of a significant amount of effective demand among the population of Ukraine. The expediency of shifting the vector of aviation infrastructure financing to the development of local airports on the basis of foreign experience in shaping public demand and motivating conditions for the development of air transport on the basis of state financial support, local government financing or attracting investment from private investors. The expediency of financing from the state budget of priority local airports by their classification according to the chosen strategy of aviation infrastructure development in Ukraine, which should be reflected in the mathematical model of decision-making functions.
TRENDS AND CURRENT SHIFTS IN THE INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT IN THE RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE MARKET
Authors: Zianko Vitalii , Nechyporenko Tetiana , Waldshmidt Inna
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the development trends of the primary and secondary residential real estate market in Ukraine for 2020-2021 and identifies the main changes in the investment environment in this market. The economic essence of the concept of "investment attractiveness" and related concepts "investment process", "investment activity" and "investment climate" are clarified. A comparative analysis of the investment attractiveness of residential real estate in different regions of Ukraine revealed that in 2020 the secondary housing market was more attractive for investment, but in 2021 the investment attractiveness of the primary and secondary residential real estate market generally deteriorated. It was found that the main reason for the decline in the investment attractiveness of the national housing stock is that in 2020-2021 apartment prices in the most attractive regions of Ukraine continued to grow, although their pace slowed down. It is substantiated that in order to intensify investment activity in the real estate market in Ukraine it is necessary to create a favorable investment climate for all business entities on a civilized basis and in accordance with the principles of transparency and social conditions. To improve the investment climate and improve the investment attractiveness of the residential real estate market, the Ukrainian government is recommended to develop effective measures aimed at significantly reducing mortgage interest rates to a level where mortgages will be available to most citizens.
HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCING OF FINANCIAL STABILITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Yepifanova Iryna
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is to form a set and hierarchical classification of factors influencing the system of financial stability management. The paper proposes hierarchical relationships of factors influencing the financial stability management system, which, in contrast to existing approaches, allows to take more fully into account the factors that determine the effectiveness of financial stability management and form a mathematical model of intellectual support for management decisions. The linguistic variable that corresponds to the indicator of the effectiveness of financial stability management is presented as a function of the components that describe the impact of financial and economic factors on the financial stability management system; the influence of production factors and management factors.

The practical significance of the results is that the theoretical and methodological provisions of scientific work are brought to the level of specific practical recommendations for the formation of the financial stability management system and can be used by industrial enterprises to make management decisions to improve business results in their relationship and interdependence.
The Pipeline Embolization Device: a decade of lessons learned in the treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms in a multicenter cohort
Authors: Dmytriw Adam A. , Dibas Mahmoud , Adeeb Nimer , Salem Mohamed M. , Salehani Arsalaan , Waqas Muhammad , Saad Aldine Amro , Tutino Vincent M. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Harrigan Mark R. , Thomas Ajith J. , Cuellar Hugo , Griessenauer Christoph J.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

The Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) has prompted a paradigm shift in the approach to posterior circulation aneurysms. The year 2021 marks a decade since FDA approval of this flow diverter, and during this time operators have adapted to its off-label uses. The authors examined whether case selection, practice trends, and patient outcomes have changed over this 10-year period.

METHODS

This study is a retrospective review of consecutive posterior circulation aneurysms managed with the PED at four academic institutions in the US between January 1, 2011, and January 1, 2021. Factors related to case selection, rates of aneurysm occlusion, or complications were identified and evaluated. Angiographic outcomes as well as thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications were investigated.

RESULTS

This study included 117 patients (median age 60 years). At a median follow-up of 12 months, adequate occlusion (> 90%) was attained in 73.2% of aneurysms. Aneurysm occlusion rates were similar over the study interval. Thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications were reported in 12.0% and 6.0% of the procedures, respectively. There was a nonsignificant trend toward a decline in the rate of thromboembolic (14.1% in 2011–2015 vs 9.4% in 2016–2021, p = 0.443) and hemorrhagic (9.4% in 2011–2015 vs 1.9% in 2016–2021, p = 0.089) complications.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors observed a trend toward a decline in the rate of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications with improved operator experience in using the PED for posterior circulation aneurysms. The use of single-device PED flow diversion significantly increased, as did the tendency to treat smaller aneurysms and observe large unruptured fusiform/dolichoectatic lesions. These findings reflect changes attributable to evolving judgment with maturing experience in PED use.
روابط الجمل في سورة يوسف
Authors: Hamid Fatima Mohammed Taher
Published: March 2022

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة روابط الجمل في سورة يوسف، وكانت خطة هذا البحث كالآتي:

المقدمة، ونتناول فيها مشكلة البحث وتساؤلاته، وحدوده وأسباب اختياره والدراسات السابقة. ثم التمهيد وفيه تعريف الربط لغةً واصطلاحاً، والربط في الدراسات القرآنية، ثم مباحث هذا البحث وهي كالآتي: 

المبحث الأول الربط، وفيه المطالب الآتية:

المطلب الأول: الربط عند القدماء.

المطلب الثاني الربط عند المحدثين.

المبحث الثاني: الجمل وفيه المطالب الآتية:

المطلب الأول: الجملة لغةً واصطلاحاً.

المطلب الثاني: أنواع الجمل.

المبحث الثالث الروابط وأنواعها، وفيه المطالب الآتية:

المطلب الأول: روابط الجمل.

المطلب الثاني: الروابط في سورة يوسف.

الخاتمة: وفيها أهم النتائج وأبرز التوصيات، ثم ثبت المصادر والمراجع.

وخلص البحث إلى بعض النتائج، وهي:

روابط الجمل لها دور مباشر في اتصال النص وانسجامه، ولها أثر بارز في بيان معاني الآيات القرآنية.

للضمائر أثر ظاهر في ترابط الجمل، بما تحققه من إحالة، كما أنها تؤدي الى اختصار النص وإيجازه.

حروف العطف تصل الآخر بالأول والاسم بالاسم والفعل بالفعل والجملة بالجملة، وتجعل من النص وحدة مترابطة الأجزاء، متآلفة العناصر.

تعمل أدوات الاستفهام على الربط بين أجزاء الكلام، وتنبه ذهن السامع إلى المعنى المراد.

القرآن الكريم تتناسب فيه الآيات والسور، بما يحقق الوحدة الموضوعية فيه.

يتجلى الارتباط والاتصال في سورة يوسف، فهذه هي السورة التي لم تتكرر في القرآن، بل جاءت كاملة في سورة واحدة دون غيرها من السور.
أثر المحتسب في جودة المواد في السوق الفاطمي
Authors: Al-Oqabi Hamed Abdel-Saheb Khalif
Published: March 2022

الحسبة الجهاز الاداري المتكامل في الاشراف على السوق ومراقبته والتأكد ان التعامل تم وفق قواعد ثابتة وشرعية، وللمحتسب أهمية ودور كبير في السيطرة على السوق ومعاقبة المخالف، وكان لزيارته المفاجئة وتفقده الاوزان والنوعية والجودة للبضاعة المعروضة وتطبيقه معايير الجودة على البضاعة له الاثر في إنعاش وازدهار السوق الفاطمي كل هذا جعل للمحتسب اهمية ومكانة خاصة في عهد الفاطميين.
الرواية التاريخية في كتاب "نخبة الدهر في عجائب البر والبحر" لشيخ الربوة الدمشقي
Authors: Hussein Wasan Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

كتاب "نخبة الدهر في عجائب البر والبحر" لشيخ الربوة الدمشقي كتاباً يحوي على فنون غير الجغرافية مثل التاريخ وعلم طبقات الأرض وعلم المعادن وعلم الإنسان وعلم الحيوان والاثار وغيرها، فهو على الرغم من تصويره حالة بلاد الشام في القرن السابع والثامن الهجري، التي طافها كلها ولم يقتصر في جغرافية مصر عن هذه الغاية، ونجده يحشو كتابه بالعجائب والغرائب خاصة فيما يتعلق بالآثار الا انه في التاريخ ينقل روايات عديدة من المسعودي والبكري وابن الأثير وغيرهم من المؤرخين.
الآثار الاجتماعية والاقتصادية لجائحة كورونا على الأسرة في المجتمعات العربية
Authors: Bayoumy Mohamed Sayed
Published: March 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلي التعرف على الآثار الاجتماعية والاقتصادية لجائحة كورونا على الأسرة في المجتمعات العربية، من وجهة نظر آرباب الأسر بمحتمعات الدراسة، واعتمدت الدراسة على الأسلوب الوصفي، والأسلوب الكمي ، وأسلوب المسح الاجتماعي، باستخدام الاستبانة كأدة للدراسة تتكون من (21) فقرة، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من عينة من أرباب الأسر بالمجتمعات العربية، وتم اختيار عينة عمدية منهم؛ بلغ حجمها (508)، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج عدة منها؛ وجود علاقة طردية بين الآثار الاقتصادية لجائحة كورونا وبين الآثار والاضطرابات الاجتماعية في الأسرة العربية؛ تزيد الأولى تزيد الثانية. وإن تراجع قيم التواصل الاجتماعي المباشر سيؤدي إلى زيادة عدم التماسك الاجتماعي العام في الأسرة العربية، وضعف شبكة العلاقات الاجتماعية. وتوصي الدراسة بأهمية بناء البيئة الرقمية المواكبة للتطورات التقنية المتسارعة لأهمية دورها في التمكين الصحي للأسرة العربية، وتقترح الدراسة أجراء دراسات مستقبلية عن التداعيات الثقافية لجائحة كوفيد-19 وأثرها على قيم الأسرة العربية.
أنساق بنية الحدث في رواية "فهرس" لسنان أنطون
Authors: Dardas Rawan Ahmad Zakaria , Alhashemi Badeeah Khaleel Ahmed
Published: March 2022

تشكّل الأحداث العنصر الأساس والعمود الفقري لمجمل العناصر الفنيّة في أيّة رواية، فخيوطها تتشابك وتترابط وفق منطق ثنائية السبب والنتيجة، ولذا فهي المحرّك الرئيس لجسد الحكاية. وتختلف كل رواية عن الأخرى في طريقة بناء الأحداث وتوزيعها وفق نسق معيّن يمنحها نظامها الخاص، كما قد تمزج الرواية الواحدة أكثر من نسق في بنائها. وقد عني النقّاد، وعلى رأسهم الشكلانيون الرّوس، بتصنيف الأنساق التي تبنى عليها أحداث الرواية، وقد خلصوا – بعد تحليل عدد من النصوص الروائية- إلى أنساق عديدة، منها: النسق المتسلسل، والنسق الدائري، والنسق المتضمّن، ونسق التوازي، وغيرها. وقد تأثر عدد من كتّاب الرواية العربيّة الجديدة بالأنساق البنائية الحديثة: كنسق التناوب والنسق الدائري، ومن بينهم الروائي والشاعر العراقي سنان أنطون.

وتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على أنساق بنية الحدث في روايته: "فهرس"، مستفيدة من معطيات المنهج البنيوي. فتبدأ بمقدمة نبيّن فيها مفهوم البنية لغة واصطلاحًا، مع توضيح أبرز خصائصها وسماتها. ثم تعرّج إلى دراسة أنساق بنية الحدث في الرواية من خلال ثلاثة محاور. الأول: أنساق بناء الحدث، والثاني: هيكلة بنية الأحداث. والثالث: حبكة الرواية. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى نتائج منها: أن الأحداث في رواية "فهرس" قد تناوبت وفق ثلاثة أنساق، هي: نسق التناوب، ونسق التتابع، والنسق الدائري، مع تغليب نسق التناوب الذي يحضر منذ البدء في الرواية ويستمرّ حتى منتهاها، مشكّلا القالب المتين الذي تُبنى عليه الحكاية.
Financing of small and medium – sized enterprises by bank loans during the coronavirus crisis
Authors: Belanova Katarína
Published: March 2022

In a market economy, small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) play an important and irreplaceable role. They need funds for their activities, which can be obtained from internal and external sources. Lack of own sources of finance can be solved by using of bank loans or alternative sources of financing. In the article, we evaluate the financing of SMEs in the Slovak Republic at the times of the coronavirus crisis with a focus on financing by bank loans. We found that the dynamics of credit growth maintained stable from the point of view of the corporate sector as a whole, but the availability of financing was limited for riskier groups of companies.
„Keine schwerwiegenden Vorfälle“ – Deutungen von Antisemitismus durch pädagogische Teams an Gedenkstätten zu ehemaligen Konzentrationslagern
Authors: Chernivsky Marina , Lorenz-Sinai Friederike
Published: March 2022

An Gedenkstätten zu ehemaligen Konzentrationslagern konkretisiert sich die Geschichte des Nationalsozialismus, die gesellschaftlich, institutionell und familienbiografisch weiterwirkt. In diesem Artikel werden ausgewählte Befunde aus einer qualitativen Studie zu Antisemitismus vorgestellt, die auf Gruppendiskussionen mit pädagogischen Teams an vier Gedenkstätten zu ehemaligen Konzentrationslagern basieren. Neben der Schilderung von antisemitischen Situationen und pädagogischen Ansätzen unternehmen die Studienteilnehmer:innen den Versuch einer Einordnung ihres Arbeitsfeldes in Bezug auf Antisemitismus. Beschrieben wird ein „Fantasiefeld“, das in der gesellschaftlichen Rezeption von Gedenkstätten entstehe. Die Orte und die damit verbundenen historischen Ereignisse würden nicht als mehrheitsgesellschaftliches, sondern als primär jüdisches Thema assoziiert, das in der Gegenwart durch Juden:Jüdinnen vermittelt werde. Insgesamt verweist die Studie auf die Notwendigkeit eines strukturellen Antisemitismusverständnisses und einer umfassenden Reflexion über soziale Konstellationen in der Gedenkstättenpädagogik der postnationalsozialistischen Gesellschaft.
Hybrid parallelization of the black hole algorithm for systems on chip
Authors: Akamatu Saulo , de Lima Denis Pereira , Pedrino Emerson Carlos
Published: March 2022

Black Hole (BH) is a bioinspired metaheuristic algorithm based on the theory of relativity in which a sufficiently compact mass can deform the space-time to form a black hole, where no particles or electromagnetic radiation can escape from it. Thus, such an approach is based on the concept of a population of individuals (stars) representing solutions for a given computational problem to be optimized. In the literature, such an approach has been used to solve clustering problems, among others, since it is parameter-free and simple to implement. In this article, due to such characteristics, a hybrid solution, in software/hardware, of parallelization of the BH algorithm is proposed, aiming at accelerating its processing in hardware through a methodology that allows any user, even non-expert, implement hardware accelerators, for optimization problems, among others, through a high level tool. A System on Chip (SoC) platform was used for this implementation, containing a Zynq chip from Xilinx, which has two ARM cores and an FPGA. The BH Algorithm was implemented in software first and then in hardware for runtime comparison purposes to validate this approach. Also, in this paper, simpler and more popular optimization algorithms, such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search (GSA), and Big Bang – Big Crunch (BB-BC), along with simpler datasets, were used for comparison purposes, due to its ease of implementation and to keep a fairer comparison with BH as realized in other works in the literature. Therefore, the results obtained were satisfactory in terms of execution time and quality, with an average speedup of 25 times compared to the same implementation in software. In the future, it is intended to use this procedure to implement more recent clustering and optimization algorithms with larger datasets as well.
On the domain aided performance boosting technique for deep predictive networks: A COVID-19 scenario
Authors: Raychaudhuri Soumya Jyoti , Babu C. Narendra
Published: March 2022

Deep learning models are one of the widely used techniques for forecasting time series data in various applications. It has already been established that the Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) such as the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), etc., perform well in analyzing sequence data for accurate time-series predictions. But, these specialized recurrent architectures suffer from certain drawbacks due to their computational complexity and also their dependency on short term historical data. Hence, there is a scope for further improvement. This paper analyzes the effects of various optimizers and hyper-parameter tuning, on the precision and time efficiency of different deep neural architectures. The analysis has been conducted on COVID-19 pandemic data. Since Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are known for their super-human ability in identifying patterns from images, the time-series data has been transformed into a slope-information domain for analyzing the slope patterns over time. The domain patterns have been projected on a 2D plane for further analysis using a restricted recursive CNN (RRCNN) algorithm. The experimental results reveal that the proposed methodology reduces the error over benchmarked sequence models by almost 20% and further reduces the training time by nearly 50%. The prediction models considered in this study have been evaluated using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE%).
Graph analysis and clustering of proteins linked with COVID-19
Authors: Susymary J. , Deepalakshmi P.
Published: March 2022

A remarkable number of scientific initiatives are in practice to encounter the new coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19). One of the biggest challenges faced by the COVID-19 researchers in the therapeutic field is the knowledge about the biological functions in disease-human interacting proteins. The detection of COVID-19 protein complexes, a group of proteins that possess the same biological functions, helps in better understanding of the biological processes in our body. The main contribution of this work is to cluster proteins that perform the same biological functions to increase the knowledge about the COVID-19 disease-human interacting proteins. The authors investigated proteins linked with COVID-19 disease by creating a disease-human protein-protein interaction graph. Topological means of graph analysis and graph clustering have been employed to group proteins that possess the same biological functions. These clusters will be the protein complexes that work together to carry out a specific biological function in a human cell. Moreover, through the cluster analysis, we can uncover previously unknown COVID-19 disease-human protein links that are beneficial for promising knowledge discovery. Also, the authors evaluated how the Markov Cluster algorithm, a graph-based algorithm finds interesting patterns of similar features from COVID-19 disease-human protein-protein interaction graph. The Markov Cluster algorithm results in six statistically significant protein clusters, including cluster (A): keratinization (3.50E-71), (B): regulation of cellular process (6.62E-05), (C): regulation of cell cycle (1.31E-27), (D): mitotic cell cycle (1.66E-06), (E): regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity (1.15E-09), and (G): G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle (3.03E-07).
Dombi weighted aggregation operators of neutrosophic Z-numbers for multiple attribute decision making in equipment supplier selection
Authors: Ye Jun , Du Shigui , Yong Rui
Published: March 2022

Advances in multiple attribute decision making (MADM) require the development of information aggregation operations flexible enough to deal with neutrosophic Z-number (NZN) information. In this situation, new operations of NZNs are needed to aggregate NZNs with different values of operational parameter and to realize the MADM flexibility. Motivated by the Dombi operations, this study proposes the Dombi operations and some Dombi weighted aggregation operators of NZNs to solve a gap of flexible MADM in the setting of NZNs. Thus, the main aims of this article are (i) to propose several Dombi operations of NZNs, (ii) to present the NZN Dombi weighted arithmetic averaging (NZNDWAA) and NZN Dombi weighted geometric averaging (NZNDWGA) operators for aggregating NZN information and their properties, (iii) to establish a MADM approach based on the NZNDWAA and NZNDWGA operators for solving MADM problems under the environment of NZNs, and (iv) to give a MADM example and related comparative analysis on the issue of equipment supplier selection for indicating the applicability and efficiency of the developed MADM approach. However, the proposed MADM approach is more flexible for the selection of decision makers’ preferences and the actual requirements in MADM applications.
Optimizing alternate design parameters for pattern restoration in circular antenna arrays using nature-inspired techniques
Authors: Swathi A.V. Satya , Chakravarthy V.V.S.S.S. , Krishna M. Vamshi
Published: March 2022

Element failure in antenna arrays leads to severe degradation of the radiation pattern. It is significantly more complex in circular antenna arrays (CAA) considering its geometry and elements spatial distribution along the circumference of the circle. Several design parameters like the coefficient of current amplitude excitation, phase, and arc length are determined appropriately to obtain the desired parameters involved in the pattern restoration process. It is possible to rely on alternate desired parameters to restore the patterns without disturbing the actual design parameters involved in the optimization process. In this paper, such an attempt to optimize CAA using non-uniform amplitude distribution is considered. After enforcing multiple-element failure, the resultant defective pattern is restored by determining the non-uniform spatial distribution of four consecutive elements preserving the corresponding non-uniform amplitude distribution. Hence, it is justifying mentioning that the position-only technique is used to restore the pattern in terms of optimized SLL and BW. The spatial distribution of optimized CAA is determined using the latest modified Social Group Optimization Algorithm (MSGOA) and compared the results with the well-known Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA). The MATLAB® is used to carry out the simulations, and results are analyzed.
A novel feature selection technique for enhancing performance of unbalanced text classification problem
Authors: Behera Santosh Kumar , Dash Rajashree
Published: March 2022

Since the last few decades, Text Classification (TC) is being witnessed as an important research direction due to the availability of a huge amount of digital text documents on the web. It would be tedious to manually organize and label them by human experts. Again digging a large number of highly sparse terms and skewed categories present in the documents put a lot of challenges in the correct labeling of the unlabeled documents. Hence feature selection is an essential aspect in text classification, which aims to select more concise and relevant features for further mining of the documents. Additionally, if the text in the document set is associated with multiple categories and the distribution of classes in the dataset is unbalanced, it imposes more challenges on the suitable selection of features for text classification. In this paper, a Modified Chi-Square (ModCHI) based feature selection technique is proposed for enhancing the performance of classification of multi-labeled text documents with unbalanced class distributions. It is an improved version of the Chi-square (Chi) method, which emphasizes selecting maximum features from the classes with a large number of training and testing documents. Unlike Chi, in which the top features are selected with top Chi value, in this proposed technique a score is calculated by considering the total number of relevant documents corresponding to each class with respect to the total number of documents in the original dataset. According to the score the features related to the highly relevant classes as well as high Chi-square value are selected for further processing. The proposed technique is verified with four different classifiers such as Linear SVM (LSVM), Decision tree (DT), Multilevel KNN (MLKNN), Random Forest (RF) over Reuters benchmark multi-labeled, multi-class, unbalanced dataset. The effectiveness of the model is also tested by comparing it with four other traditional feature selection techniques such as term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), Chi-square, and Mutual Information (MI). From the experimental outcomes, it is clearly inferred that LSVM with ModCHI produces the highest precision value of 0.94, recall value of 0.80, f-measure of 0.86 and the least hamming loss value of 0.003 with a feature size 1000. The proposed feature selection technique with LSVM produces an improvement of 3.33%, 2.19%, 16.25% in the average precision value, 3.03%, 33.33%, 21.42% in the average recall value, 4%, 34.48%, 14.70% in average F-measure value and 14%, 37.68%, 31.74% in average hamming loss value compared to TF-IDF, Chi and MI techniques respectively. These findings clearly interpret the better performance of the proposed feature selection technique compared to TF_IDF, Chi and MI techniques on the unbalanced Reuters Dataset.