bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Floods and Pollutants on Development of Plant Abiotic Stress in the Amur River Floodlands
Authors: Makhinov Aleksei , Kryukova Maria , Makhinova Aleksandra
Published: June 2024

Effects of floods on chemical pollution of floodplain soils and abiotic stress on plants were assessed. The presented research has revealed that hydrological conditions (flooding depth, temperature regime of flood waters and flood duration) affect the survival of plant species. The resulting hydrological regime and high concentrations of pollutants in flood waters cause abiotic stress for floodplain vascular plants. The intensification of riverbed processes reduces the stability of the habitats of meadow complexes, disrupts the ratio of their species composition and affects changes in the structure of the vegetation cover. Consequences of such changes are still poorly understood. The concentration of soluble compounds of heavy metals in soils and their absorption by plant roots has a decisive influence on mechanisms of regulation of enzymes and metabolism of vascular plants. Emerging toxicity effect contributes to the development of abiotic stress on certain types of plant communities (phenomenon chlorosis). Plants affected by heavy metals have shorter root and stem lengths. It is emphasized that concentrations of Fe3(2)+, Zn 2(1)+ and Cu2(1)+ in soil solutions identify the specificity of plant responses to abiotic stress. Mechanisms and interrelationships of these events are described. Despite significant progress in understanding of many aspects of floodings as an abiotic stressor no synthesis and analysis of the obtained data have been made so far. This study discusses the toxic effects caused by various heavy metals in plants. This is our first attempt to contribute to such research attempts.
Instantaneous tiltmeter triggered by dynamic wetting behavior
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhan Fei , Li Nan , Wang Shuizhong , Liu Jing , Song Guoyong
Published: June 2024

A novel instantaneous tiltmeter with dynamic and static monitoring functions is reported that is based on liquid metal dynamic wetting behavior in a bio-fabricated anisotropic microchannel. The proposed system achieves instantaneous tiltmeter functionality, offering a broad detection range (-90o to 90o) with high precision (0.05o), a rapid reaction time (0.11 s), and enhanced durability. Moreover, a seamless integration has enabled water wave detection, language programming and human limb monitoring. Especially, the integration of tiltmeter and a 3D motion platform results in a surface structure scanning system capable of effectively performing large area (＞200 cm2) and height difference scanning functions. This innovative approach holds great potential for transformative changes in the fields of advanced manufacturing, flexible robotics, and the flexible sensing, further facilitating widespread adoption.
Genetic Algorithm Incorporating Group Theory for Solving the Euclidean Travelling Salesman Problem
Authors: Singh Dharm Raj , Chaurasia Sachchida Nand , Sigh Manoj Kumar , Verma Anshul
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a novel Genetic Algorithm (GA) designed to tackle the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) with remarkable efficacy. It integrates group theory into population initialization, employs Partially Matched Crossover (PMX), and adopts a 2-optimal mutation strategy. The pioneering approach harnesses algebraic structures in constructing group tours, utilizing integer addition modulo n within Zn to generate varied initial solutions. By ensuring that each individual/ tour shares an identical node order but begins from a distinct starting node, the initial population enhances diversity. This distinctiveness in starting nodes facilitates thorough exploration of the entire search space.
The Partially Matched Crossover operator, grounded in principles of order, is a crucial mechanism for transferring sequence and value characteristics from parental to offspring tours. This operation effectively guides a strong local search. Subsequently, applying a 2-opt optimal mutation seeks to refine the solution further, targeting a more globally optimal outcome. The effectiveness of this methodology is evaluated through experiments with TSP instances sourced from the widely recognized TSPLIB. Furthermore, the superiority of our proposed approach is demonstrated through comparisons with state-of-the-art methods developed within hybrid frameworks. Statistical analyses underscore the significance and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
BADI CHILDREN EDUCATION AND AFFECTING FACTORS IN THEIR SCHOOLING
Authors:   Asst. Campus Chief (Lecturer), Dronachal Multiple Campus, Dullu, Daileikh, Nepal., Bahadur Khadka Tej
Published: June 2024

Badi community is a lowest caste group not only in other caste group but it is also among Dalit community. The educational status of Badi community is not satisfactory and as pitiable. To address this problem, the aim of the study is to find out the educational status of Badi children and affecting factors in their schooling. From the literature review, there have been few study on Badi community rather than other Dalit, thus, there is more difficult to get the study on Badi education. So to fill this gap I am selected the Badi community of Dullu municipality of Dailekh district to study their current educational status by the use of census method. Research design is based on quantitative technique and data collected by the primary sources such as interview with closed ended questionnaire, observation, daily diary and data is analyzed by the use univariate and bivariate technique through SPSS software. Education status of Badi is not satisfactory and/or miserable. Their literacy rate and completion of school level education is lower than the national ratio, still, the enrollment and pass rate in higher education is very low. Likewise, parents perceptions in schooling is positive but only to literacy rather than knowledge acquiring. Mostly, parents attention is more centralized to the daily wage work for their livelihood due to the poor economic condition. They are not confidence of any good opportunities after achieving education. On the other hand, Badi children are not so interested on schooling but more interested other income generation activities. Thus, their school education is only literacy oriented.
FACTORS INFLUENCING ICU NURSES COMMUNICATION WITH ALTERED LEVEL OF CONSCIOUS PATIENT: SWOT ANALYSIS
Authors:   Tutor, College of Nursing, AIIMS, Patna., P. Thakur
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Communication is the most essential approach for an ICU nurse to utilize when assisting a patient at the bedside. Verbal communication may help patients preserve their dignity and self-esteem, which will increase their well-being and optimism. Methodology -A descriptive exploratory design was used to conduct qualitative research. The nurses who had worked in the ICU for the last two years participated in a focus group discussion on SWOT Analysis themes. Each FGD session comprised 6-8 ICU nurses, a professional moderator, and an observer to gather diverse thoughts and perspectives on a topic, and all responses were analyzed using content conventional analysis. The ethical authorization was received from the relevant authority. Results â€“In the focus group discussion, staff nurses shared their perspectives on communication and various factors influencing communication in the ICU on a SWOT basis, i.e. S- Enhances family comprehension, patient care quality, and aids in the emotional well-being of patients and nurses. W- time demanding, Ward tasks in addition to patient care, legal difficulties (professional unwritten policies), heavy workload, communication with ventilated patients is technically problematic. O- Paediatric, geriatric, developmental, and mentally challenged patients T-Lack of coherence. Conclusion- Considering the ICU has a high morbidity and death rate, communication helps patients establish self-confidence, promote early healing, improve patient care quality, and overall improve their prognosis.
AL-KHAWARIZMI ASTRONOMY COMPLEX AS AN ASTROTOURISM DESTINATION AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ENHANCING LOCAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Saifullah Dimyati Mohd , Hafiz Safiai Mohd ,   Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.,   Institute of Islam Hadhari, UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: June 2024

The Al-KhawarizmiAstronomy Complex is one of the observatories located in Malaysia. The complex was constructed by the Malacca State Government, starting in 2002 in phases, and was fully completed in 2008. The primary goal of establishing the Al-KhawarizmiAstronomy Complex is based on three aspects which areresearch, education, and tourism. Therefore, this study is conducted with the aim of discussing the astrotourism aspects that contribute to the potential of making the complex a new tourist attraction in Malacca. This study is qualitative research that utilizes document analysis, interviews, and observation as research methods. The findings indicate that Al-KhawarizmiAstronomy Complex has become a significant element contributing to the economic growth of the local population. Additionally, the complex is also seen as an internationally recognized astrotourism destination through the participation of many foreign visitors in the organized astronomical activities. Currently, the Malacca State Government recognizes Al-KhawarizmiAstronomy Complex as one of the Islamic tourism products in Malacca.
A CASE OF HAIR THREAD TOURNIQUET SYNDROME OF THE TOE IN A MALE NEWBORN
Authors:   Neonatology Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco., Lhamel Raounak , Messaoudi Sahar ,   Neonatology Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco., Ayyad Anass ,   Neonatology Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco., Amrani Rim ,   Neonatology Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco.
Published: June 2024

Hair-thread Tourniquet Syndrome (HTTS), despite being widely reported, is often not well recognized. It is a rare surgical emergency. This syndrome involves the external, mechanical, circumferential constriction of an appendage by human hair, typically a digit, leading to a condition similar to compartment syndrome. If not treated promptly, it can lead to prolonged ischemia, potentially causing tissue necrosis or autoamputation of the affected digit. Herein, we report a four-day-old newborn from a low socioeconomic background was admitted with fever and feeding refusal. Clinical examination revealed a swollen and red big 4thtoe with a hair-thread tourniquet. No signs of toe ischemia were noted. A diagnosis of maternal-fetal infection with a meningeal focus was made, along with toe tourniquet syndrome. Radiography showed no bone lesion. The patient was treated with antibiotics and a healing cream.
LOW-RISK GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC NEOPLASIA: INSIGHTS FROM A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE IN INDIA
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi., Gupta Sumedha , Kalra Kaushal ,   Head of Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi., Singh Kalwaniya Dheer ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi.
Published: June 2024

Objective: To report clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and chemotherapy-related toxicities in patients with low-risk GTN at tertiary care centre in India. Material and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Medical Oncology of Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi over 2 years. The clinical and treatment information of every patient diagnosed with GTN between December 2021 and December 2023 were examined retrospectively in their medical records. Methotrexate (MTX) was administered with folinic acid (FA) rescue to low-risk GTN patients. EMA-CO, multiagent chemotherapy, was administered every two weeks to patients with low-risk GTN who were resistant to first-line chemotherapy. Results: Only 35 of the 40 patients with low-risk GTN were able to be evaluated since five of them were lost to follow-up throughout the course of treatment.The study found that the majority of patients (71.4%) experienced a molar pregnancy before developing gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), with 91.4% developing GTN within the first 4 months. Of these, 32 patients achieved complete responses (91.4%)with MTX therapy, while 3 experienced treatment failure (8.5%). Following multiagent chemotherapy, all three ofthe patients who had not responded to initial MTX therapy experienced complete remission (CR). All patients with GTN who were at low risk had 100% overall survival (OS) and cure rates. Conclusion: With a complete response (CR) rate of 91.4% and no serious side effects, the MTX regimen proved to be highly effective in treating women with low-risk GTN.
From Origin to Current Methods: An Overview of Molecular Modeling Applied to Medicinal Chemistry in the Last 30 Years
Authors: Rocha Vinícius , Sant'Anna Carlos
Published: June 2024

Molecular modeling soon attracted the attention of Medicinal Chemistry researchers, given the importance of molecular structure for understanding the mode of action and for designing bioactive compounds. Computer-assisted drug design (CADD) has become widespread and today big pharmaceutical companies routinely uses it as a support tool in the search for new drugs. Here, it will be addressed the most relevant topics about CADD from the last 30 years, when research groups in Medicinal Chemistry began to explore molecular modeling in Brazil. This history can be described through phases in which some methods emerged and became predominant, in a continuous evolution, passing, for example, from the basic empirical field and quantum mechanics molecular modeling procedures, through quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methods, molecular docking and, more recently, virtual screening. Since the mid-2000s, machine learning methods have been increasingly applied to the solution of problems in the context of Medicinal Chemistry, such as the determination of protein 3D structure and the characterization of relationships between chemical structures and their biological activities. Far from being complete, this history continues its evolution, bringing significant contributions to the drug design, either by reducing the time and cost of research, or by enabling and accelerating the finding for new bioactive compounds.
Assessing climate change impacts on irrigation water requirements in the Lower Mahanadi Basin: A CMIP6-based spatiotemporal analysis and future projections
Authors: Kumari Pushpanjali , Jaiswal Rahul Kumar , Singh Harendra Prasad
Published: June 2024

Climate change heightens India's agricultural risks, particularly in nations like India heavily reliant on farming. Previous studies focused on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase (CMIP3) and (CMIP5) scenarios for large river basins, but the heightened risk of local climate changes poses a significant threat to smaller basins, notably affecting crops. This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of climate change impacts on paddy crop irrigation in India's Lower Mahanadi Basin, utilizing the latest general circulation models (GCMs) from the CMIP6, focuses on two emission scenarios, SSP585 and SSP370. Thirteen models were analysed, top six were selected based on statistical criteria like PBIAS, NSE, R2, RSR, and RMSE. Models project climate changes for near- (2025–2050), mid- (2051–2075), and far-future (2076–2100) periods against a baseline (1981–2014), investigating spatiotemporal variations in rainfall, temperature, and irrigation water requirements (IWRs) in the region. In both scenarios, future mean seasonal rainfall is expected to increase compared with the baseline. SSP370 projects a 23.7% rise in minimum rainfall, while maximum rainfall varies by 11.5%. SSP585, on the other hand, projects a 9.53% decrease in maximum IWR and a 28.9% increase in maximum rainfall compared with the baseline. Both scenarios anticipate a 3–4 °C temperature increase in the far-future.
Emergency monitoring layout model for sudden water pollution accidents in water distribution networks
Authors: Yang Haidong , Wang Aihua , Liu Biyu
Published: June 2024

The layout of emergency monitoring points (EMPs) in water distribution networks is one of the main measures to ensure the water safety of residents and preserve the sustainable development of cities and society. The impact factors on the layout of EMPs are first analyzed. Then, a new emergency monitoring layout model is presented with the goal of maximizing the number of the excluded possible sources and minimizing the formulated time of emergency response. Finally, taking EPANET Network 3 as a simulation case to verify the proposed model. The results show the new layout model can effectively exclude 60% of the number of possible sources, and shorten 18% of the formulated time of emergency response measure. There are many factors that affect the layout of EMPs, which mainly include the time of arranging EMPs, the latest time to formulate the emergency response measure, the number of emergency monitoring equipment available, and the relative error criteria of pollutant concentration, from apparently to slightly. It provides a new idea for emergency decision-makers to deal with sudden water pollution accidents in water distribution networks.
Dynamics of antimicrobial resistance and susceptibility profile in full-scale hospital wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Esmaeili-khoshmardan Maedeh , Dabiri Hossein , Rafiee Mohammad , Eslami Akbar , Yazdanbakhsh Ahmadreza , Amereh Fatemeh , Jahangiri-rad Mahsa , Hashemi Ali
Published: June 2024

Drug resistance has become a matter of great concern, with many bacteria now resist multiple antibiotics. This study depicts the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and resistance patterns in five full-scale hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Samples of raw influent wastewater, as well as pre- and post-disinfected effluents, were monitored for targeted ARB and resistance genes in September 2022 and February 2023. Shifts in resistance profiles of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii antimicrobial-resistant indicators in the treated effluent compared to that in the raw wastewater were also worked out. Ceftazidime (6.78 × 105 CFU/mL) and cefotaxime (6.14 × 105 CFU/mL) resistant species showed the highest concentrations followed by ciprofloxacin (6.29 × 104 CFU/mL), and gentamicin (4.88 × 104 CFU/mL), in raw influent respectively. WWTP-D employing a combination of biological treatment and coagulation/clarification for wastewater decontamination showed promising results for reducing ARB emissions from wastewater. Relationships between treated effluent quality parameters and ARB loadings showed that high BOD5 and nitrate levels were possibly contributing to the persistence and/or selection of ARBs in WWTPs. Furthermore, antimicrobial susceptibility tests of targeted species revealed dynamic shifts in resistance profiles through treatment processes, highlighting the potential for ARB and ARGs in hospital wastewater to persist or amplify during treatment.
Relationship between chlorine decay and nanobubble application in secondary treated wastewater
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Khaled Abdella , Shalaby Moussa , Negim Osama , Abdel-Wahed Talaat
Published: June 2024

There has been numerous research on the uses of treated wastewater that needs chlorine disinfection, but none have looked at the impacts of injecting nanobubbles (NBs) on the decomposition of residual chlorine. Gas NB injection in treated wastewater improves its properties. The kinetics of disinfectant decay could be impacted by changes in treated wastewater properties. This paper studies the effect of various NB injections on the residual chlorine decay of secondary treated wastewater (STWW). It also outlines the empirical equations that were developed to represent these impacts. The results show that each type of NBs in treated wastewater had a distinct initial chlorine concentration. The outcomes demonstrated a clear impact on the decrease of the needed chlorine quantity and the reduction of chlorine decay rate when utilizing NB injection for the STWW. As a result, the residual chlorine will remain for a longer time and will resist any microbiological growth under the application of NBs on treated wastewater. Moreover, NBs in secondary treated effluent reduce chlorine usage, lowering wastewater disinfection costs.
Actividad física en gestantes de bajo nivel socioeconómico Barranquilla, Colombia en el 2023
Authors: Rebolledo-Cobos Roberto , Ardila-Pereira Laura , Pulido Iriarte Tammy , Montealegre-Esmeral Leslie , Amador-Rodero Eulalia , Johnson-Guell Dayana , Yepes-Charris Yoly
Published: June 2024

Introducción: en la mujer gestante, el bajo nivel de actividad física constituye un factor de riesgo para la salud. El nivel socioeconómico es un factor que puede contribuir al aumento del impacto negativo de los estilos de vida inactivos durante la gestación. Objetivo: identificar el nivel de actividad física de mujeres gestantes de bajo nivel socioeconómico y determinar la asociación de los diferentes periodos gestacionales con factores biológicos, antropométricos y conductas activas. Método: se realizó un estudio transversal analítico en 473 gestantes de estratos bajos entre mayo y junio del 2023. Se determinaron las características sociodemográficas, nivel de actividad física, etapas de cambio frente a conductas activas y valoración antropométrica. Se planteó un análisis descriptivo y se realizaron pruebas de Chi2 para determinar la asociación entre las variables analizadas y la prueba ANOVA para comparar medias. Resultados: El 71,25% de las mujeres eran físicamente inactivas y el 80,12% no caminaban el mínimo de minutos a la semana. El 44,18% tenían contemplado realizar actividad física durante el embarazo. En el primer y segundo trimestre se encontraron más mujeres inactivas frente al tercer trimestre (p-valor<0,05). Conclusiones: la mayoría de las gestantes documentadas en el presente articulo no cumplían con las recomendaciones mínimas.
Perspectivas sobre el efecto vinculante de las opiniones consultivas de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Clemente Vargas Carlos
Published: June 2024

El artículo expone las diferentes posiciones doctrinales que se han desarrollado a lo largo de los años sobre la interrogante que plantea si las opiniones consultivas de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos poseen o no un efecto vinculante para los Estados parte de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos, clasificándolas en 3 posiciones: 1. Aquellas que afirman que las opiniones consultivas poseen efecto vinculante; 2. Las que niegan que opiniones consultivas posean efecto vinculante alguno; 3. Las que señalan que las  opiniones consultivas poseen efectos innegables pero indeterminados.
A Review of the Protective Effects of Alkaloids against Alpha-synuclein Toxicity in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Khodadadi Mahdi , Javadi Behjat
Published: June 2024

Background:

Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation products may cause neural injury and
several neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) known as α-synucleinopathies. Alkaloids are secondary
metabolites present in a variety of plant species and may positively affect human health, particularly
α-synucleinopathy-associated NDs.

Aim:

To summarize the latest scientific data on the inhibitory properties of alkaloids in α-
synucleinopathies, especially in Parkinson’s disease.

Methods:

Literature search was performed using web-based databases including Web of Science,
PubMed, and Scopus up to January 2024, in the English language.

Results:

Harmala alkaloids, caffein, lycorine, piperin, acetylcorynoline, berberin, papaverine, squalamine,
trodusquemine and nicotin have been found to be the most active natural alkaloids against
synucleinopathy. The underlying mechanisms that contribute to this effect would be the inhibition
of α-syn aggregation; elimination of formed aggregates; improvement in autophagy activation; promotion
of the activity and expression of antioxidative enzymes; and prevention of oxidative injury
and apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons.

Conclusion:

The findings of the present study highlight the inhibitory activities of alkaloids against
synucleinopathy. However, no clinical data supports the reported activities in humans, which calls
attention to the need for conducting clinical trials to elucidate the efficacy, safety, proper dosage,
unwanted effects and pharmacokinetics aspects of alkaloids in humans.
Bosentan and Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by COVID-19: A Pilot Randomized Double-blind Clinical Study
Authors: Shokrollahi Fahime , Pazoki Ali , Allami Abbas , Aliakbari Shahin , Ardali Kimia Rahimi
Published: June 2024

Introduction/Objective:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the biggest
pandemic in history, with severe complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and
pulmonary hypertension (PH). An endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor antagonist, such as bosentan, may
be beneficial in treating elevated ET-1 levels. Hence, our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic
effects of bosentan in patients with COVID-19-induced PH.

Methods:

A single-centre, randomized, double-blind study involving 72 participants was carried
out; 36 received bosentan and the other 36 received a placebo. Pulmonary arterial pressure, tricuspid
valve pressure gradient, and right atrial pressure were measured using echocardiography. The
Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to investigate the impact of bosentan and patients'
age on mortality during a 6-month follow-up period.

Results:

In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the case group (13%) compared with the
control group (33.3%) (P=0.003). Additionally, bosentan improved echocardiographic parameters,
such as systolic pulmonary artery pressure and tricuspid regurgitation gradient (P=0.011 and
P=0.003, respectively). Bosentan use was a significant predictor of long-term mortality rates for
600 days [age-adjusted hazard ratio of 5.24 (95% CI 1.34 to 20.46)].

Conclusion:

This study provided a mixed perspective on the use of bosentan therapy in patients
with COVID-19-related PH. Bosentan effectively reduced in-hospital mortality and improved
echocardiographic measures. However, the treatment group showed an increased requirement for
supplemental oxygen therapy and long-term mortality. Further studies with larger sample sizes are
necessary to elucidate the effects of bosentan in PH following COVID-19.
Prevalence and Causes of Vitamin D Deficiency in a Cohort of Greek HIV-Infected Individuals: A Prospective, Single Center, Observational Study
Authors: Androutsakos Theodoros , Politou Marianna , Boti Sofia , Pittaras Theodoros , Kontos Athanasios , Kordossis Theodore , Pouliakis Abraham , Panayiotakopoulos George
Published: June 2024

Background:

Vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency (hypovitaminosis D) has been
associated with several disorders including autoimmune diseases, like type 1 diabetes mellitus;
cardiovascular diseases; neoplasms; obesity; insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This
problem is common in southern European countries, especially in elderly and institutionalized persons.
In HIV-infected individuals, hypovitaminosis D has been correlated with various complications
like tuberculosis, hyperparathyroidism, bone mass loss, premature atherosclerosis, and systemic
arterial hypertension, deterioration of immune function, progression of the disease and overall
mortality.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and causes of hypovitaminosis
D in a cohort of Greek HIV-infected patients, the factors, and possible complications associated
with it.

Methods:

All patients attending our HIV unit for a period of 5 months were included in this study.
Vitamin D status, medical anamnes, and laboratory tests were obtained at baseline; patients were
followed for 3 years and HIV-related complications were noted. No patient received vitamin D
supplementation during the follow-up period.

Results:

Hypovitaminosis D was common, with 83.7% of the patients showing levels below
30ng/dl and 55.4% below 20ng/dl. After multivariable analysis, age and duration of treatment
were the only significant factors for low vitamin D levels. During follow-up, 26 patients exhibited
a total of 34 HIV-related complications, the most common being pneumonocystis jiroveci pneumonia
(PCP). Hypovitaminosis D showed a positive correlation with overall complications, PCP
as well as wasting syndrome.

Conclusion:

Overall, our study shows that hypovitaminosis D is common in HIV-infected individuals
and should probably be treated as soon as possible to protect these patients from serious HIVrelated
complications like PCP or wasting syndrome.
Organocatalytic Domino Knoevenagel Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of Chromenopyran Derivatives
Authors: Karthik S. , Priya L.V. , Rao B.M. , Adarsh D.R. , Sridhar B. , Reddy B.V.S. , Padmaja P.
Published: June 2024

An organocatalytic, one-pot four-center two-component coupling reaction has been developed
for the synthesis of tetrahydro-1H,7H-chromeno[3,4-c]chromen-1-one derivatives. The reaction
proceeds smoothly in the presence of 5 mol% DL-Proline in methanol under reflux conditions. This
method involves the Knoevenagel condensation of O-alkynyl tethered 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes with
cyclic 1,3-diketones followed by an intramolecular hetero-Diels-Alder reaction. Novel classes of
oxygen containing polycyclic frameworks are prepared in good yields by using this approach.
Accurate Recognition of Vascular Lumen Region from 2D Ultrasound Cine Loops for Bubble Detection
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Yang Zhuochang , Chen Ziye , Huang Xiaoyu , Xu Lifan , Zhou Chang , Zhou Yingjie , Zhu Baoliang , Zhang Kun , Gong Deren , Xu Weigang , Chen Jiangang
Published: June 2024

Background:

Accurate identification of vascular lumen region founded the base of bubble detection and bubble grading, which played a significant role in the
detection of vascular gas emboli for the diagnosis of decompression sickness.

Objectives:

To assist in the detection of vascular bubbles, it is crucial to develop an automatic algorithm that could identify vascular lumen areas in ultrasound
videos with the interference of bubble presence.

Methods:

This article proposed an automated vascular lumen region recognition (VLRR) algorithm that could sketch the accurate boundary between vessel
lumen and tissues from dynamic 2D ultrasound videos. It adopts 2D ultrasound videos of the lumen area as input and outputs the frames with
circled vascular lumen boundary of the videos. Normalized cross-correlation method, distance transform technique, and region growing technique
were adopted in this algorithm.

Results:

A double-blind test was carried out to test the recognition accuracy of the algorithm on 180 samples in the images of 6 different grades of bubble
videos, during which, intersection over union and pixel accuracy were adopted as evaluation metrics. The average IOU on the images of different
bubble grades reached 0.76. The mean PA on 6 of the images of bubble grades reached 0.82.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that the proposed method could identify the vascular lumen with high accuracy, potentially applicable to assist clinicians in the
measurement of the severity of vascular gas emboli in clinics.
Functional Behavioral Assessment as an alternative teaching strategy for managing the behavior of children with Autism
Authors: Sukinah Sukinah , Taqiyah Dewi Barotut
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate effective behavior management strategies for children on the autism spectrum using a Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) approach. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental neurobiological disorder that is often characterized by challenging behavior, such as tantrums, aggression, or difficulties in social communication. The research focused on a single child with autism, aged 6 years 11 months, identified as DT. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative research design, which involves data collection through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings of this research indicate that the Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) approach can provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence the behavior of children with ASD. Behavior management strategies based on Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) consist of identifying individual needs, developing appropriate intervention programs, and ongoing monitoring.
The influence of learning motivation and student creativity on entrepreneurial interest in teaching factory
Authors: Susiani Irna , Soeryanto Soeryanto , Asto Buditjahjanto I Gusti Putu , Anifah Lilik
Published: June 2024

This research aims to examine the influence of learning motivation and learning creativity on students' interest in entrepreneurship at Kartanegara Wates Vocational School, Kediri Regency in Teaching Factory learning. This type of research is quantitative research with 80 students as research subjects. The data collection technique for this research uses a questionnaire. The data analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression. The research results showed that the partial test (t-test) on learning motivation was .000 .050 and for creativity, it was .00 .050. Meanwhile, the results obtained from the F-test show a value of .000 .050. The determination test results obtained a value of 53.7%. The findings in this research show that learning motivation has a significant effect on interest in entrepreneurship. Additionally, creativity also shows a significant influence on interest in entrepreneurship. Learning motivation and creativity simultaneously have a significant influence on the entrepreneurial interest of Kartanegara Wates Vocational School students.
Messenger Use and Video Calls as Correlates of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms: Results From the Corona Health App Study of German Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Edler Johanna-Sophie , Terhorst Yannik , Pryss Rüdiger , Baumeister Harald , Cohrdes Caroline
Published: June 2024

Background

Specialized studies have shown that smartphone-based social interaction data are predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Moreover, at times during the COVID-19 pandemic, social interaction took place primarily remotely. To appropriately test these objective data for their added value for epidemiological research during the pandemic, it is necessary to include established predictors.

Objective

Using a comprehensive model, we investigated the extent to which smartphone-based social interaction data contribute to the prediction of depressive and anxiety symptoms, while also taking into account well-established predictors and relevant pandemic-specific factors.

Methods

We developed the Corona Health App and obtained participation from 490 Android smartphone users who agreed to allow us to collect smartphone-based social interaction data between July 2020 and February 2021. Using a cross-sectional design, we automatically collected data concerning average app use in terms of the categories video calls and telephony, messenger use, social media use, and SMS text messaging use, as well as pandemic-specific predictors and sociodemographic covariates. We statistically predicted depressive and anxiety symptoms using elastic net regression. To exclude overfitting, we used 10-fold cross-validation.

Results

The amount of variance explained (R2) was 0.61 for the prediction of depressive symptoms and 0.57 for the prediction of anxiety symptoms. Of the smartphone-based social interaction data included, only messenger use proved to be a significant negative predictor of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Video calls were negative predictors only for depressive symptoms, and SMS text messaging use was a negative predictor only for anxiety symptoms.

Conclusions

The results show the relevance of smartphone-based social interaction data in predicting depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, even taken together in the context of a comprehensive model with well-established predictors, the data only add a small amount of value.
Canadian Armed Forces Veterans’ Perspectives on the Effects of Exposure to Children in Armed Conflict During Military Service: Protocol for a Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Baillie Abidi Catherine , Patten San , Houle Stephanie A , Hoffer Ken , Reeves Kathryn , Bélanger Stéphanie , Nazarov Anthony , Wells Samantha
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The mental health of military personnel has garnered increased attention over the last few decades; however, the impacts of perpetuating, observing, or failing to prevent acts that transgress deeply held moral standards, referred to as moral injuries, are less understood, particularly in relation to encounters with children during deployment. This paper describes a multiphased research protocol that centers around the lived experiences of Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Veterans to understand how encounters with children during military deployments impact the well-being and mental health of military personnel.

OBJECTIVE

This study has four objectives: (1) highlight the lived experiences of CAF Veterans who encountered children during military deployments; (2) improve understanding of the nature of experiences that military personnel faced that related to observing or engaging with children during military service; (3) improve understanding of the mental health impacts of encountering children during military service; and (4) use participatory action research (PAR) to develop recommendations for improving preparation, training, and support for military personnel deployed to contexts where encounters with children are likely.

METHODS

The research project has 2 main phases where phase 1 includes qualitative interviews with CAF Veterans who encountered children during military deployments and phase 2 uses PAR to actively engage Canadian Veterans with lived experiences of encountering children during military deployments, as well as health professionals and researchers to identify recommendations to better address the mental health effects of these encounters.

RESULTS

As of January 26, 2024, a total of 55 participants and research partners have participated in the 2 phases of the research project. A total of 16 CAF Veterans participated in phase 1 (qualitative interviews), and 39 CAF Veterans, health professionals, and researchers participated in phase 2 (PAR). The results for phase 1 have been finalized and are accepted for publication. Data collection and analysis are ongoing for phase 2.

CONCLUSIONS

Prioritizing and valuing the experiences of CAF Veterans has deepened our understanding of the intricate nature and impacts of potentially morally injurious events involving children during military deployments. Together with health professionals and researchers, the PAR approach empowers CAF Veterans to articulate important recommendations for developing and improving training and mental health support. This support is crucial not only during the deployment cycle but also throughout the military career, helping lessen the effects of moral injury among military personnel.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/57146
Morphological Variation of Diospyros spp. Native to Sulawesi Based on Vegetative Organ Characters
Authors: Wulandari Aprilia Ayu , Khotimperwati Lilih , Wanda Irvan Fadli
Published: June 2024

Researchers about Diospyros have not extensively conducted studies on the morphological characteristics to enhance information for taxonomic hierarchy purposes. Diospyros in Indonesia has great potential for in-depth research due to its unique characteristics, particularly in Sulawesi. This research aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding investigating phenotypic variations in Diospyros, specifically in the Sulawesi region. Nine species of Diospyros from the BBG collection will be observed and described for their morphological characteristics. The results indicate 25 variations of 50 characters in morphological characteristics. Variations in morphological characters can suggest that each species adapts to the surrounding environmental conditions.
Composition and Conservation Status of Avifauna in Urban Non-protected Important Bird Area (IBA) Site of Western India
Authors: Makwana Vishal M. , Khatsuriya Prakruti A. , Matli Aamir G. , Dodia Pravinsang P.
Published: June 2024

Kumbharwada wetland, an Important Bird Area (IBA) component in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India, is a crucial wintering ground for migratory birds. Long-term monitoring of the avian community over a period of long time-frame is an excellent way to examine the health of this IBA site and thus provide an important ground to foster the conservation of birds in the region and management of this wetland. Given this consideration, field surveys were carried out from December 2020 to May 2023, following point count method to study the avian species richness in the study area. A total of 204 bird species belonging to 20 orders and 56 families are recorded, of which 85 species are migratory and 119 are resident. Anatidae is the most species-rich avian family (16 species). Highest number of species was recorded in the month of January (165 species in 2021 and 163 species in 2022). This wetland supports 107 (52.45%) wetland-associated species and 97 (47.55%) terrestrial species of birds. Twelve species are considered as Near Threatened, four species as Vulnerable and one species (Aquila nipalensis) as Endangered in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Four species (Sterna aurantia, Mycteria leucocephala, Phoeniconaias minor, and Threskiornis melanocephalus) with globally declining trend, are commonly seen in the study area, which shows that the wetland is a crucial habitat for bird species with high conservation priorities. Industrialization, encroachment, discharge of sewage water and chemical effluents, high-tension powerlines, stray dogs, and expansion of exotic vegetation remained the major threats to the habitat and avian community.
Diversity and Phenetic Relationship of Mountain Papaya (Vasconcellea Pubescens) in Dieng Plateau Based on Morphological Marker
Authors: Rifqi Muhammad Said , Chasani Abdul Razaq
Published: June 2024

Vasconcellea pubescens A. DC., commonly referred to as mountain papaya, belongs to the Caricaceae family and is native to the Andean highlands.  In Indonesia, mountain papaya can be found on the Dieng Plateau and has become one of the typical processed products from the Dieng area. The aim of the study is to explore the diversity and phenetic relationship of mountain papaya from the Dieng Plateau based on morphological markers. This study is important to provide information in guiding future conservation efforts. 18 samples were collected from three areas with different altitudes in the Dieng Plateau. In addition, it proved valuable results by elucidating patterns of variation, enabling the identification of distinct groups. A total of 18 samples were collected from three areas with varying altitudes in the Dieng Plateau. Morphological analysis used 22 characters with The Clustering Analysis Method, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Diversity Analysis using Multivariate Statistical Package (MVSP) software version 3.1A. The results of cluster analysis showed that mountain papaya accessions were grouped into two main clusters and five sub-clusters. Cluster grouping based on sex distribution characters, flower stalk length, and inflorescence density; there is no grouping based on geographical location or altitude. The Shannon's Index Value (H') for mountain papaya shows moderate phenetic diversity. This suggests that the mountain papaya community remains stable within its substrate and its environmental parameters.
Research on Online Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Technology of Intelligent Electrical Equipment
Authors: Xiao Mingxin
Published: June 2024

With the continuous improvement of industrial automation, intelligent electrical equipment plays an increasingly important role in modern industrial production. The online monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of intelligent electrical equipment is critical to ensuring industrial production safety, improving equipment reliability, and enhancing efficiency. This paper will start from the current status and development trends of online monitoring and fault diagnosis technology for intelligent electrical equipment, analyze its importance in industrial production, explore its key technologies and application prospects, and aim to provide a reference for research and application in related fields.
Analysis of the Changes in Obligations and Rights of Students and Teachers under the "Double Reduction" Policy
Authors: Li Mingnan
Published: June 2024

The "Double Reduction" policy represents an important strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee in the new era, aiming to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This policy aims to reduce students' burden and enhance the systematicness and pertinence of educational governance. Under the "Double Reduction" background, it is of great practical significance to study the changes in the obligations and rights of students and teachers.
Based on Simulink Simulation of the Fuzzy PID Control for the TORA System
Authors: Li Yongsheng , Chen Ho-Sheng , Hsieh Ya-Hui , Wang Ruei-Yuan
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to control the TORA system through the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform. The TORA system is a classical two-degree-of-freedom under-driven mechanical system, and this paper mainly focuses on the design of the control scheme for the swing angle of the ball. Firstly, the transfer function is established in the complex domain through the dynamical equations of the system. Then, the traditional PID controller, the triangular membership function fuzzy PID controller, and the double S type membership function fuzzy PID controller were designed. Finally, the simulation results are analyzed to compare the parameter performance of the three controllers. The fuzzy PID controller using the double S membership function is better than the other two controllers in terms of overshoot and adjustment time and has good practicability, stability, speed, and accuracy.
RELATIONAL PARTICLES AS A MEASURE OF FIELD DYNAMICS
Authors: Zhilkin A. G.
Published: June 2024

The work examines the relationship between general relativity and gravitational mechanics from a metaphysical point of view. The analysis leads to the conclusion that curved space-time (more precisely, its curvature) is the cause of particle dynamics. A scheme of reasoning is proposed that leads to a similar conclusion for the case of relational theory. The scheme uses transitions from the metaphysical level to the ontological level and back, taking into account the one-to-one correspondence of concepts and terms. In the relational paradigm, analysis of the relationship between relational theory and field theory leads to the conclusion that relational particles (more precisely, correlations between them) are a measure of field dynamics.