bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Order-Constrained Solutions in K-Means Clustering: Even Better Than Being Globally Optimal
Authors: Steinley Douglas , Hubert Lawrence
Published: February 2008

This paper proposes an order-constrained K-means cluster analysis strategy, and implements that strategy through an auxiliary quadratic assignment optimization heuristic that identifies an initial object order. A subsequent dynamic programming recursion is applied to optimally subdivide the object set subject to the order constraint. We show that although the usual K-means sum-of-squared-error criterion is not guaranteed to be minimal, a true underlying cluster structure may be more accurately recovered. Also, substantive interpretability seems generally improved when constrained solutions are considered. We illustrate the procedure with several data sets from the literature.
A Study of the Technical Route of the Synthesis of Alkylbenzenes for Use as an Oil Displacement Agent
Authors: Dai Xihai , Suo Jishuan , Duan Xia , Bai Ziwu , Zhang Li
Published: February 2008

This paper describes the technology of synthesizing alkylbenzenes containing C16–19 alkyl chains. The heavy alkylbenzenes were prepared by C16–19 liquid paraffin dehydrogenation, followed by alkylation with benzene. A novel catalyst containing Pt and Sn as its main components for the dehydrogenation of C16–19 paraffins to alkenes was prepared by vacuum impregnation and the catalyst exhibited high stability and selectivity. The alkylation of the C16–19 alkenes and benzene had a conversion yield of 86.15% and a selectivity of 81.21%. The main alkylbenzenes was identified as monoalkylbenzene by IR and chromatography analysis. C16–19 alkylbenzene sulfonates are found to give an ultra‐low interfacial tension when mixing with crude oil/reservoir water.
Mining logic gates in prokaryotic transcriptional regulation networks
Authors: Silva-Rocha Rafael , de Lorenzo Víctor
Published: February 2008

Prokaryotic transcriptional networks possess a large number of regulatory modules that formally implement many of the logic gates that are typical of digital, Boolean circuits. Yet, natural regulatory elements appear most often compressed and exaggeratedly context‐dependent for any reliable circuit engineering barely comparable to electronic counterparts. To overcome this impasse, we argue that designing new functions with biological parts requires (i) the recognition of logic gates not yet assigned but surely present in the meta‐genome, (ii) the orthogonalization and disambiguation of natural regulatory modules and (iii) the development of ways to tackle the connectivity and the definition of boundaries between minimal biological components.
TraR auto‐inducer enhances protein backbone fluctuations in DNA binding domain
Authors: Vreede Jocelyne , Hellingwerf Klaas J. , Crielaard Wim
Published: February 2008

The bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediates quorum sensing via TraR, a N‐3‐oxo‐octanoyl‐l‐homoserine lactone (OOHL) signaling transcription factor. TraR consists of an N‐terminal Per‐Arnt‐Sim domain (PAS‐domain) containing OOHL and a C‐terminal helix‐turn‐helix motif (HTF‐motif) binding DNA, thus comprising a complete signaling pathway. Using Molecular Dynamics, we investigate the influence of OOHL on the dynamics of the protein. The OOHL binding pocket is in contact with water, leading to dynamic changes in OOHL–protein interactions. These rearrangements increase fluctuations in the PAS‐domain, and, interestingly, also enhance fluctuations in the HTF‐motif. Our results imply OOHL in inducing fluctuations in TraR that may facilitate DNA binding.
The Palmar Locking Compression Plate is Biomechanically Comparable to the Dorsal PI Plate for Dorsally Comminuted, Intraarticular Wrist Fractures
Authors: HART A. J. , SEEPAUL T. , HEWITT R. J. , ANG S. , HANSEN U. , AMIS A. A.
Published: February 2008

A clinically appropriate fracture model and testing regimen were used to test the null hypothesis that a palmarly applied locking plate was inferior to a dorsally applied Pi plate in the stabilisation of dorsally comminuted intraarticular wrist fractures. Sixteen standardised fractures of Synbone models of the radius were stabilised using either a palmar locking compression T plate (the experimental group) ( n = 8) or a dorsally applied Pi plate (the control group) ( n = 8). The constructs were tested on an Instron materials testing machine. Deformation was monitored during 500 loading cycles to 200 N. The mean permanent deformation and stiffness favoured the palmar locking compression T plate over the dorsal Pi plate ( P = 0.036). However, the absolute difference was only 0.5 mm. Such a small difference is unlikely to be clinically detectable and, therefore, we conclude that there is no clinically significant difference between the two types of fixation.
The Multiple Effects of Casualties on Public Support for War: An Experimental Approach
Authors: GARTNER SCOTT SIGMUND
Published: February 2008

Public support for a conflict is not a blank check. Combat provides information people use to update their expectations about the outcome, direction, value, and cost of a war. Critical are fatalities—the most salient costs of conflict. I develop a rational expectations theory in which both increasing recent casualties and rising casualty trends lead to decreased support. Traditional studies neither recognize nor provide a method for untangling these multiple influences. I conduct six experiments, three on the Iraq War (two with national, representative samples) and three with a new type of panel experiment design on hypothetical military interventions. The results of hazard and ordered logit analyses of almost 3,000 subjects support a rational expectations theory linking recent casualties, casualty trends, and their interaction to wartime approval. I also examine the effects of the probability of victory, information levels, and individual characteristics on the support for war, and contrast results from representative and convenience samples.
Oil, Islam, and Women
Authors: ROSS MICHAEL L.
Published: February 2008

Women have made less progress toward gender equality in the Middle East than in any other region. Many observers claim this is due to the region's Islamic traditions. I suggest that oil, not Islam, is at fault; and that oil production also explains why women lag behind in many other countries. Oil production reduces the number of women in the labor force, which in turn reduces their political influence. As a result, oil-producing states are left with atypically strong patriarchal norms, laws, and political institutions. I support this argument with global data on oil production, female work patterns, and female political representation, and by comparing oil-rich Algeria to oil-poor Morocco and Tunisia. This argument has implications for the study of the Middle East, Islamic culture, and the resource curse.
Cycles in American National Electoral Politics, 1854–2006: Statistical Evidence and an Explanatory Model
Authors: MERRILL SAMUEL , GROFMAN BERNARD , BRUNELL THOMAS L.
Published: February 2008

Are there cycles in American politics? In particular, does the proportion of the Democratic/Republican vote share for president and/or seat share in Congress rise and fall over extended periods of time? If so, are the cycles regular, and what are the cycling periods? Moreover, if there are regular cycles, can we construct an integrated model—such as a negative feedback loop—that identifies political forces that could generate the observed patterns? First, we use spectral analysis to test for the presence and length of cycles, and show that regular cycles do, in fact, exist—with periods that conform to those predicted by the Schlesingers—for swings between liberalism and conservatism—but with durations much shorter than those most commonly claimed by Burnham and others in characterizing American political realignments. Second, we offer a voter–party interaction model that depends on the tensions between parties' policy and office motivations and between voters' tendency to sustain incumbents while reacting against extreme policies. We find a plausible fit between the regular cycling that this model projects and the time series of two-party politics in America over the past century and a half.
The Autocrat's Credibility Problem and Foundations of the Constitutional State
Authors: MYERSON ROGER B.
Published: February 2008

A political leader's temptation to deny costly debts to past supporters is a central moral-hazard problem in politics. This paper develops a game-theoretic model to probe the consequences of this moral-hazard problem for leaders who compete to establish political regimes. In contests for power, absolute leaders who are not subject to third-party judgments can credibly recruit only limited support. A leader can do better by organizing supporters into a court which could cause his downfall. In global negotiation-proof equilibria, leaders cannot recruit any supporters without such constitutional checks. Egalitarian norms make recruiting costlier in oligarchies, which become weaker than monarchies. The ruler's power and limitations on entry of new leaders are derived from focal-point effects in games with multiple equilibria. The relationships of trust between leaders and their supporters are personal constitutions which underlie all other political constitutions.
The Spiritual Land Rush: Merit and Morality in New Chinese Buddhist Temple Construction
Authors: Fisher Gareth
Published: February 2008

This article explores factors contributing to a boom in Buddhist temple construction in contemporary mainland China. In contrast to recent studies focusing on struggles between religious believers and the state over the revival of local temples and churches, this article examines the culture of merit making and morality building that leads clergy and lay practitioners to form translocal networks with the aim of constructing temples in rural areas where they have few or any cultural ties. The author explores how temple building is driven by differing moral visions within the urban Buddhist community, but with little consideration for the culture and history of the people in the localities where the temples are constructed.
Social distance and spatial distance are not the same, observations on the use of GIS in leprosy epidemiology
Authors: HOEVEN T. A. , FISCHER E. A. J. , PAHAN D. , RICHARDUS J. H.
Published: February 2008

Contacts of leprosy patients have a higher risk of developing clinical leprosy. Being a contact is defined socially, but with the introduction of geographical information systems (GIS) in infectious disease epidemiology, it is necessary to relate spatial distance to social distance. We measured the distances between patients and their socially defined contacts in northwest Bangladesh. Contact categories differ in mean distance to the index patients. Sixty-seven per cent of the high-risk contacts lived within 10 metres (m), while all low-risk contacts lived >10 m from the index patient. Classification based on intervals of spatial distance creates categories that contain contacts of different socially defined categories, illustrated by a category of people living between 10 m and 20 m consisting of 47% of high-risk contacts and 52% low-risk contacts. Classification of contacts based on the spatial distance, as performed with GIS techniques, produces other groups than with social definitions.
AVICENNA'S THEORY OF PRIMARY MIXTURE
Authors: STONE ABRAHAM D.
Published: February 2008

Ancient Peripatetics and Neoplatonists had great difficulty coming up with a consistent, interpretatively reasonable, and empirically adequate Aristotelian theory of complete mixture or complexion. I explain some of the main problems, with special attention to authors with whom Avicenna was familiar. I then show how Avicenna used a new doctrine of the occultness of substantial form (whose roots are found in Alfarabi) to address these problems. The result was in some respects an improvement, but it also gave rise to a new set of problems, which were later to prove fateful in the history of early modern philosophy.
SOME QUESTIONS REGARDING AVICENNA'S THEORY OF THE TEMPORAL ORIGINATION OF THE HUMAN RATIONAL SOUL
Authors: MARMURA MICHAEL E.
Published: February 2008

In Avicenna's expositions of his theory of the temporal origination of the human rational soul, its ḥudūth, one meets difficulties in understanding of what he actually means. Some of the expressions used are left unexplained and one has to extract their meaning from discussions given in a different context. There are also ambiguities in his use of such terms as al-‘aql al-kulliyy (the universal intellect) and al-nafs al-kulliyya (the universal soul). Although in one place he makes it clear that these expressions refer to concepts that exist only in the mind, distinguishing them from ‘aql al-kull (the intellect of ‘the whole [universal]') and nafs al-kull (the soul of ‘the whole [universel]'), the distinction is not uniformly observed. In a number of his works the term ‘‘universal'' is used to refer to both the celestial intellect and the celestial soul. There is also an ambiguity in his statements about the role the celestial soul plays in the emanation of the human rational soul. In some discussions he seems to hold that the rational human soul emanates from both the celestial intellect and the celestial soul. The Metaphysics of al-Shifā' (The Healing) suggests a resolution of this ambiguity. At the same time, there are statements in this work that are left unexplained and one has to look for their explanation in other books of The Healing. Thus questions do arise regarding the details of Avicenna's theory of the temporal origination of the human rational soul. His general exposition of his theory, however, remains comprehensible, its pivotal position within his entire philosophical system clear.
Psychological benefits for children and adolescents who have undergone transplantation of the heart from participation in the British Transplant Games
Authors: Wray Jo , Lunnon-Wood Tracy
Published: February 2008

The British Transplant Games are held annually for children and adults who have received transplanted organs. The aim of our pilot study was to determine whether participation in such an event had an impact on psychological well-being. We asked 26 children participating in the Games to complete a specifically designed questionnaire before and after the event. The 13 questions covered areas such as state of mood, perceived physical health, fatigue, anxiety, and confidence. There were mean improvements over time on 10 of the 13 questions, and the change in overall score was significant (p = .036). For the majority of young people, participation in the Transplant Games was associated with a positive impact on psychological functioning in the short term. Further evaluation is now required to determine whether such benefits are maintained in the longer term.
A new monochromated and illumination-CS-corrected HR(S)TEM: First
applications in material sciences
Authors: S Irsen , K Kelm , R Schillinger , H Schmidt , W Mader , C Schmalzried , R Telle , E Quandt
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Contrast Enhancement by Anamorphotic Phase Plates in an Aberration
Corrected TEM
Authors: Schröder R R , Barton B , Rose H , Benner G
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007.
Optimisation of Phase Contrast in a Transmission Electron Microscope with
a Physical Phase Plate and Cs-Corrector
Authors: Gamm B , K Schultheiss , D Gerthsen , R R Schröder
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Development of an Ion Optical System to transfer Secondary Ions from the
Sample to an Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer
Authors: B Schröppel , E Plies , C Burkhardt , A Brekenfeld , U Zeile , P Gnauck
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Analytical Performance of the SESAM Microscope
Authors: E Essers , M Matijevic , G Benner , R Höschen , W Sigle , C Koch
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Nanorobotics for Scanning Electron and Ion Microscopy
Authors: S van Offern , V Klocke
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Substitution of Atomic Scattering Amplitudes in TEM Interpretation by
Analytic Bond Order Potentials
Authors: K Scheerschmidt , V Kuhlmann
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Quantitative and Automated Analysis of HR-TEM Electron Exit Plane Waves
using the EWAC Code
Authors: M Svete , W Mader
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
New Electron Energy Loss Magnetic Chiral Dichroïsm (EMCD) configuration
using an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope
Authors: F Houdellier , B Warot-Fonrose , M J Hÿtch , CEMES-CNRS  , France
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Low-loss EELS with Monochromated Electrons
Authors: W Sigle , L Gu , V Srot , Ch Koch , P A van Aken
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Treating Correlated Noise in Model Based Quantification of EELS
Spectra
Authors: Verbeeck J , Bertoni G
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007.
A Program to Optimize the Positions and the Width of the Energy Windows
for the Recording of EFTEM Elemental Maps
Authors: Gralla B , Kohl H
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Investigations on Energy-Spectroscopic Diffraction Patterns
Authors: Prietzel C , Kohl H
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Time Resolved PEEM: Observation of Standing and Propagating Spinwave
Modes and Surface-Plasmon Oscillations
Authors: Schönhense G
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
The role of long-range interactions and critical behavior in determining
surface morphologies: a combined LEEM/SXRD study
Authors: Gastel R van
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Characterization of a 4-Quadrant-Large-Angles BSE-Detector for in-situ 3D
Quantitative Analysis of the Sample Morphology in SEM
Authors: Berger D
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscope for Mass Determination:
Progress in the Development of a New Nanoanalytical Tool
Authors: Krzyzanek V , Reichelt R
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
New Tool for In-Situ Lift Out of TEM Samples
Authors: Graff A , Große C , Simon M , Altmann F
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Investigation of Additional Thermally Induced Crystallisation in
Amorphous Mg65Cu25Y10 Ribbon Material during Different TEM Preparation
Procedures
Authors: Mickel C , Gebert A , Teresiak A , Rellinghaus B , Schubert-Bischoff P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Using Enhanced SE Signal in the SEM for TEM Sample Thickness
Determination
Authors: Graff A , Simon M , Altmann F
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Influence of FIB-acceleration Voltage on Lateral Damage of Silicon based
TEM samples
Authors: Muehle U , Steinhoff J , Hillmann L
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Electron Tomography of Unstained Cell Sections Using a Half-Plane
(Hilbert) Phase Plate
Authors: Barton B , Schröder R R
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Multiphoton Fluorescence Imaging at Cryogenic Conditions
Authors: Stark M , Dörr D , Ehrhart F , Schulz J , Baunach J , Katsen-Globa A , Ehlers A , König K , Zimmermann H
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
In-Situ Growth of MnAs Nanocrystals in Si studied by Transmission
Electron Microscopy
Authors: Biskupek J , Kaiser U , Picht O , Wesch W
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Determination of the structure-factor phase in non-centrosymmetric
crystals by quantitative CHEF
Authors: Houdellier F , Hÿtch M J
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Determination of Phase Mixtures by Selected Area Electron
Diffraction
Authors: Thomas J , Gemming T
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Electron Microscope Object Reconstruction: Confidence Criteria of Inverse
Solutions
Authors: Scheerschmidt K , Rother A
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Investigation of Human Cytomegalovirus Morphogenesis by Electron
Microscopy Using High-Pressure Freezing and Freeze-Substitution
Authors: Buser C , Höhn K , Einem J von , Mertens T , Walther P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
High Pressure Freezing and Freeze-Substitution of Cardiac
Myocytes
Authors: Edelmann L , Vecerdea A , Lipp P , Spehner D
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
High-pressure freezing and freeze substitution provides new information
on nucleus ultrastructure in amoebae (E.Histolytica)
Authors: Pfeiffer S , Tannich E , Schmetz Ch
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Quaternary structure and molecular model of a 4x6mer arthropod hemocyanin
in oxygenated and deoxygenated states by 3D cryo-electron microscopy
Authors: Meissner U , Stohr M , Schweikhardt T , Decker H , Markl J
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Immunogold Labeling of Cryo-sections from High-Pressure Frozen
Cells
Authors: Donselaar E van , Posthuma G , Zeuschner D , Slot J W , Humbel B M
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Immunolocalization of Proteins involved in the Cell-Cell-Interaction
between Ignicoccus and Nanoarchaeum on Sections and Replicas
Authors: Gürster S , Junglas B , Burghardt T , Menzel T , Meyer C , Saller M , Huber H , Rachel R
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
EDX analysis of freeze-dried ultrathin cryo-sections of frozen tissue
with a field emission SEM: method and application in biomineralisation
research
Authors: Ziegler A
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Correlative Live Cell Imaging and Negative Stain Electron Microscopy of
Migrating Cells
Authors: Koestler S , Auinger S , Small J V
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Atomic force microscopy of biological systems: What��s the point?
Authors: Thomson N H
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Probing the Mechanical Properties of Living Cells by Atomic Force
Microscopy
Authors: Kasas S
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Generation of Biomimetic Surfaces by Self-assembly of 3-D Wax Crystals on
Technical Substrates
Authors: Koch K , Niemietz A , Barthlott W
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Molecular Structure of Isolated Plant Cuticles Visualised by Atomic Force
Microscopy (AFM)
Authors: Derdej A , Koch K
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Clinical EM-Diagnosis Today, the Impact of “Rapid EM-Methods”
Authors: Schroeder J A , Hofstaedter F
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor (Rofecoxib, Vioxxâ) Modifies Renal Tubule and
Corpuscle Structures
Authors: Matysiak W , Jodlowska-Jedrych B , Kifer-Wysocka E , Romanowska-Sarlej J , Lancut M , Czerny K
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Ultrastructure of Choroid Plexus epithelial Monolayers cultured on
Silicon Sensor-Chips for Microphysiometry Studies
Authors: Heras S García Gómez de las , Morguet A , Pütz N , Kiefer G , Leis B , Mestres P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Choroid Plexus of the
Chick Embryo
Authors: Heras S García Gómez de las , Pütz N , Mestres P , Koch M , Werner U
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Characterization of Ru-(Se) Catalyst by CTEM and Electron
Tomography
Authors: Wollgarten M , Zehl G , Dorbandt I , Bogdanoff P , Fiechter S , Banhart J
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
EELS/TEM investigation of carbon nanotubes for catalytic
applications
Authors: Schuster M E , Hébert C , Zhang J , Wang D , Su D S , Pongratz P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Structural studies of nanoparticles with an objective-lens Cs-corrected
Titan microscope
Authors: Zhang Z , Biskupek J , Kaiser U , Breus V V , Nienhaus G U , Wiedwald U , Han L , Boyen H-G , Ziemann P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Microstructure of Mo-V-Te-Nb Mixed Oxides for Selective Oxidation of
Propane
Authors: Hansen T W , Sanfiz A C , Trunschke A , Timpe O , Girgsdies F , Schlögl R
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Nanocementite and Carbon Nanotubes in a Damascene Sabre
Authors: Reibold M , Paufler P , Kochmann W
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Phase Transformations of Bulk Nanostructured NiTi Shape Memory Alloys
Studied by HRTEM and in-situ TEM
Authors: Waitz T , Peterlechner M , Karnthaler H P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Magnetic domain observation in nanocrystalline FeCo Base alloys by
Lorentz microscopy and electron holography
Authors: Zheng C , Kirmse H , Neumann W , Long J , Laughlin D E , McHenry M E
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Measuring the 2-Particle-Structure-Factor in Aged FeCr-Samples
Authors: Kreyenschulte C , Kohl H
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Quantitative Boron-Analysis Using EDX in SEM and TEM
Authors: Birajdar B , Peranio N , Eibl O
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
In-situ TEM Investigation of the Nanocrystallization in Bulk Amorphous
NiTi
Authors: Peterlechner M , Waitz T , Moder I , Karnthaler H P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Integration of Functional Epitaxial Oxides into Silicon: A TEM
Investigation
Authors: Bugiel E , Fissel A , Czernohorsky M , Laha A , Osten H J
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Influence of FIB-Preparation on the Potential Structure of
Complementarily Doped Semiconductors Investigated by Electron-Holographic
Methods
Authors: Lenk A , Wolf D , Mühle U
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Towards Quantification of the In-Distribution in InGaAs Quantum
Dots
Authors: Blank H , Litvinov D , Schneider R , Gerthsen D , Passow T
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
TEM of Free Standing InAs Nanoplates Grown by Molecular Beam
Epitaxy
Authors: Johnson E , Aagesen M. , Sørensen C.B. , Nygå J. , Lindelof P.E. , Spiecker E. , Jäger W.
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Cathodoluminescence of Ion-Implanted Silica Layers
Authors: Salh R , Fitting H-J , Kourkoutis L Fitting , Schmidt B
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Combined HRXRD and EELS Investigations of SiGe/Si(001) Islands Grown by
Means of Liquid Phase Epitaxy
Authors: Schade M , Heyroth F , Leipner H S , Hanke M
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
TEM Study of the Order, Disorder and Structural Modulations in
Bi4Fe1/3W2/3O8Br
Authors: Ávila-Brande D , Luysberg M , Landa-Cánovas A R , Otero-Díaz L C
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Conventional Imaging of Nanopores in Surface Finishing Anodized
Coatings
Authors: Dietrich D , Nickel D , Lampke T , Alisch G , Wielage B
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Domain structure and grain boundaries in ferroelectric BaTiO3 PTCR
ceramics
Authors: Eibl O , Rössel M , Peranio N
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Nanostripes in (Nd,Eu,Gd)Ba2Cu3Ox (NEG) Single Crystals
Authors: Koblischka M R , Koblischka-Veneva A , Das P , Mücklich F , Hartmann U , Wolf T
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Structuring of Permalloy by means of Electron-beam Lithography and
Focused Ion Beam Milling
Authors: Getlawi S , Koblischka M R , Soldera F , Hartmann U
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Structure and electronic properties of scandate/titanate multilayers
determined by high-resolution TEM/STEM and EELS
Authors: Luysberg M , Boese M , Avila D , Heeg T , Schubert J
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
TEM Study of Zirconia Inclusions in Natural Ilmenite Crystals
Authors: Müller E , Gehring A U
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Dislocation blocking in diluted nitride step-graded buffer
structures
Authors: Schöne J , Spiecker E , Jäger W , Dimroth F , Bett A W
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
TEM Characterisation of Indented TiN/SiNx Multilayered Coatings
Authors: Parlinska-Wojtan M , Cancio J C , Meier S , Patscheider J
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
The Interface of Epitaxial Cubic Silicide Films with Modified Lattice
Parameter on Si(001) Investigated by Aberration Corrected Dedicated
STEM
Authors: Falke M , Allenstein F , Beddies G , Schulze S , Hietschold M , Falke U , Bleloch A
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Comparing Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Tomographic Atom
Probe (TAP) through Measurements of Thin Multilayers
Authors: Heil T , Stender P , Schmitz G , Kohl H
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
STM Imaging of Medium-Sized Organic Molecules on HOPG – From Surface
Physics to Nanoscience
Authors: Hietschold M
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
A Comparison of the Electronic Structure of N-K in TiN and VN using EELS
and Ab-initio Calculations
Authors: Rashkova B , Kothleitner G , Sturm S , Scheu C , Kutschej K , Mitterer C , Lazar P , Redinger J , Podloucky R , Dehm G
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Applied Nanoanalysis by Electron Energy-Loss Spectrum Imaging
Methods
Authors: Schaffer B , Grogger W , Kothleitner G , Hofer F
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Electron microscopy investigation of polymer single crystals, after fifty
years
Authors: Lotz B
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Conductive Carbon Nanotube – Polymer Nanocomposites Prepared by Latex
Technology
Authors: Lu K , Yu J , Grossiord N , Koning C E , Loos J
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Ultrastructure and Wear Resistance of nanofilled Dental
Composites
Authors: Lurtz C , Behrend D , Maletz R , Sternberg K , Löbler M , Schmitz K-P
Published: February 2008

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference
in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Translating OWL and semantic web rules into prolog: Moving toward description logic programs
Authors: SAMUEL KEN , OBRST LEO , STOUTENBERG SUZETTE , FOX KAREN , FRANKLIN PAUL , JOHNSON ADRIAN , LASKEY KEN , NICHOLS DEBORAH , LOPEZ STEVE , PETERSON JASON
Published: February 2008

We are researching the interaction between the rule and the ontology layers of the Semantic Web, by comparing two options: 1) using OWL and its rule extension SWRL to develop an integrated ontology/rule language, and 2) layering rules on top of an ontology with RuleML and OWL. Toward this end, we are developing the SWORIER system, which enables efficient automated reasoning on ontologies and rules, by translating all of them into Prolog and adding a set of general rules that properly capture the semantics of OWL. We have also enabled the user to make dynamic changes on the fly, at run time. This work addresses several of the concerns expressed in previous work, such as negation, complementary classes, disjunctive heads, and cardinality, and it discusses alternative approaches for dealing with inconsistencies in the knowledge base. In addition, for efficiency, we implemented techniques called extensionalization, avoiding reanalysis, and code minimization.
Display of H5N1Avian influenza virushaemagglutinin HA1 onBacillus thuringiensiscell surface and its immunogenicity for mice
Authors: Mei Liu , Lin-Jing Lu , Jun-Yan Huang , Shu-Huan Zhang , Ding-Ren Bi , Ming Sun
Published: February 2008

The S-layer protein CTC surface display system ofBacillus thuringiensiswas used to test the possibility of displaying H5N1Avian influenza virus(AIV) haemagglutinin HA1 on the cell surface ofB. thuringiensis. Two recombinant plasmids, pCTC-HA1P and pCSHA1P, were constructed by replacing the central part below the surface anchor sequenceslhof S-layer protein genectcwith partha1gene(ha1p). pCTC-HA1P harboured the fusion genectc-ha1pand pCSHA1P the fusion genecsa-ctc-ha1p,csarepresenting thecsaABoperon (very important in anchoring S-layer protein on the bacterial cell surface). Two recombinantB. thuringiensisstrains were constructed by electrotransferring recombinant plasmids toB. thuringiensisplasmid-free derivative strain BMB171. Strains obtained were CH (bearing pCSHA1P) and BCCH (bearing pCTC-HA1P as well as thecsaABoperon-carrying plasmid pMIL-CSA). The vegetative cells of CH and BCCH were used as antigens in haemagglutination (HA) and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. HA assay showed recombinant HA1 proteins successfully displayed on the cell surface of CH and BCCH. HI assay showed that these recombinant HA1 proteins were specific to standard positive HI (haemagglutination inhibition test) serum of subtype H5 AIV. After immunization of mice with vegetative cells, both CH and BCCH elicited a humoral response to HA1 and exhibited immunogenicity as indicated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA also showed that CH exhibited a higher immunogenicity than BCCH. The strategy developed in this study suggests the possibility of generating a heat-stable and oral veterinary vaccine against AIV with theB. thuringiensisS-layer protein CTC surface display system.
Regularity‐based functional streamflow disaggregation: 1. Comprehensive foundation
Authors: Carl P. , Behrendt H.
Published: February 2008

An integrated, largely nonprobabilistic, calibration‐free approach is proposed to identify, estimate, evaluate, and attribute conceptual components of a streamflow time series. We assess its gross functional aggregation from the signal structure alone by consistently exploiting elementary constraints. Starting from the separability concept of linear operator theory, cross connections are revealed of such a blind functional streamflow disaggregation to qualitative dynamics. The algorithm is initialized by a first guess of regular behavior using singular‐system analysis (SSA). To approach the regular/singular borderline of the data and to separate a fast flow from total runoff, this (probabilistic) SSA mode is transformed into a lower envelope to the series via iterative cubic spline interpolation (CSI). Repeated CSI yields a hierarchy of lower envelopes that piles up part of a transient component and converges into a slow one. A lower bound is constructed as an instantaneous low flow using the leading SSA eigenvector. We demonstrate the method for highlands river stations, compare its results with those from distributed hydrologic models, and discuss attributions to overland flow, interflow, and base flow. For independent evaluation we resort to singularity‐based multifractal analyses.
Preserved extensional structures in an inverted Cretaceous rift basin, northwestern Argentina: Outcrop examples and implications for fault reactivation
Authors: Monaldi César R. , Salfity José A. , Kley Jonas
Published: February 2008

During the Cretaceous‐Eocene interval a system of intracontinental rift basins, the Salta group rift, evolved in northwestern Argentina. Individual segments of the rift later suffered different degrees of inversion during Cenozoic shortening. The Tres Cruces subbasin, on the west side of the Eastern Cordillera, was strongly deformed, being now part of a thick‐skinned thrust belt with a predominantly N‐S structural trend. On its eastern border, tilting due to folding and thrusting and subsequent erosion have produced exceptional outcrops of preserved east‐trending extensional structures including half grabens, rollover anticlines, and extensional fault‐propagation folds. Farther west, the synrift succession is only intermittently exposed, although the interference of north‐ and east‐trending structures as well as peculiar, dome‐shaped anticlines with spur‐like extensions suggest that north‐ and east‐trending Cretaceous faults were reactivated, particularly near their intersections. Compilation of published data and analysis of our new data focused on the Salta rift indicates three main factors favoring the contractional reactivation of normal faults: dip angles lower than approximately 60°, especially for faults striking roughly normal to contraction; strikes no closer to the contraction direction than approximately 30°; and low downdip fault curvatures. Occasional dip‐slip reactivation of east‐trending faults does not match the present and long‐term Andean stress regimes and presents an unresolved problem.
Future changes in climate, ocean circulation, ecosystems, and biogeochemical cycling simulated for a business‐as‐usual CO2 emission scenario until year 4000 AD
Authors: Schmittner Andreas , Oschlies Andreas , Matthews H. Damon , Galbraith Eric D.
Published: February 2008

A new model of global climate, ocean circulation, ecosystems, and biogeochemical cycling, including a fully coupled carbon cycle, is presented and evaluated. The model is consistent with multiple observational data sets from the past 50 years as well as with the observed warming of global surface air and sea temperatures during the last 150 years. It is applied to a simulation of the coming two millennia following a business‐as‐usual scenario of anthropogenic CO2 emissions (SRES A2 until year 2100 and subsequent linear decrease to zero until year 2300, corresponding to a total release of 5100 GtC). Atmospheric CO2 increases to a peak of more than 2000 ppmv near year 2300 (that is an airborne fraction of 72% of the emissions) followed by a gradual decline to ∼1700 ppmv at year 4000 (airborne fraction of 56%). Forty‐four percent of the additional atmospheric CO2 at year 4000 is due to positive carbon cycle–climate feedbacks. Global surface air warms by ∼10°C, sea ice melts back to 10% of its current area, and the circulation of the abyssal ocean collapses. Subsurface oxygen concentrations decrease, tripling the volume of suboxic water and quadrupling the global water column denitrification. We estimate 60 ppb increase in atmospheric N2O concentrations owing to doubling of its oceanic production, leading to a weak positive feedback and contributing about 0.24°C warming at year 4000. Global ocean primary production almost doubles by year 4000. Planktonic biomass increases at high latitudes and in the subtropics whereas it decreases at midlatitudes and in the tropics. In our model, which does not account for possible direct impacts of acidification on ocean biology, production of calcium carbonate in the surface ocean doubles, further increasing surface ocean and atmospheric pCO2. This represents a new positive feedback mechanism and leads to a strengthening of the positive interaction between climate change and the carbon cycle on a multicentennial to millennial timescale. Changes in ocean biology become important for the ocean carbon uptake after year 2600, and at year 4000 they account for 320 ppmv or 22% of the atmospheric CO2 increase since the preindustrial era.
Contribution of Saharan dust in an integrated air quality system and its on‐line assessment
Authors: Jiménez‐Guerrero Pedro , Pérez Carlos , Jorba Oriol , Baldasano José M.
Published: February 2008

Nowadays none of the operational daily forecasts in Europe includes the influence of Saharan dust on a non‐climatic basis. In order to account for this, the BSC‐CNS currently operates daily photochemical forecasts in the Iberian Peninsula with MM5‐EMEP‐CMAQ modelling system and Saharan dust forecasts over Southern Europe with Eta/DREAM. The necessity of coupling both modelling systems is addressed by the study of a long summer episode combining regional re‐circulations and Saharan dust covering from June 19 to July 12, 2006. As a first approach, the natural dust contribution from Eta/DREAM is added on‐line to the anthropogenic output of CMAQ. The performance of the model has been quantitatively evaluated with discrete and categorical (skill scores) statistics by a fully operational on‐line comparison of the first‐layer simulations results of CMAQ and CMAQ+DREAM and the values measured in two different stations located in the Mediterranean part of the domain. The results indicate a remarkable improvement in the discrete and skill‐scores evaluation (accuracy, critical success index and probability of detection) of PM10 exceedances set in regulations when using CMAQ+DREAM compared to CMAQ‐ or DREAM‐alone simulations.