bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Design of Axial Rod Type Thermal Conductivity Measurement Setup
Authors: Patel Shahera , Patel Jay Ka.
Published: November 2022

The objective of this work is to develop advanced design of Axial rod type experimental thermal conductivity setup with manual and automatic temperature measurement which is very much useful for research purpose as well as for the Post Graduate students to perform practical in laboratory and understand basic theoretical concepts. The developed set up is already in use for measurement of thermal conductivity for different types of solid materials and crystals. Various methods are used for the measurement of thermal conductivity. We have developed design of axial rod (Brass) type arrangement for steady state measurements. Suitable mechanical arrangement was fabricated for measurement of Top and Bottom temperature of the rod using J-type (Cr-Al) thermocouples. Special Heater with its power supply is designed to change the temperature manually at regular interval of time. The automatic measurement of temperature was also carried out by modifying the design which includes Thermocouple module and Arduino Nano Board. The corresponding measurement of temperatures at different points on Brass rod was carried out and corresponding thermal conductivity of crystal was calculated. Key pad is used to set the time for temperature display at regular interval of time in Minutes/Seconds in advanced design (which can be changed by program). Implications are discussed.
Quadratus lumborum block versus fascia iliaca compartment block for acetabular fracture surgery by Stoppa method: A double-blind prospective randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mirkheshti Alireza , Hashemian Morteza , Abtahi Dariush , Shayegh Sara , Manafi-Rasi Alireza , Sayadi Shahram , Memary Elham , Karami Nazli , Rostamian Baharak , Shakeri Alireza
Published: November 2022

Background: Acetabular fracture surgeries are frequently associated with long and severe perioperative pain, and there is no consensus on pain relief management.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in patients with acetabular fractures undergoing surgery using the Stoppa method.
Methods: Adult patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for acetabular fracture surgery were divided into two groups of FICB (n = 22) and QLB (n = 24) in this prospective double-blind randomized parallel clinical study. The pain intensity at different times was evaluated in all participants using the visual analog scale (VAS). The dose of fentanyl required to make the patient sit for spinal anesthesia and the pain intensity was evaluated. The duration of analgesia and the total amount of morphine consumed in the first 24 hours after surgery were also evaluated, analyzed, and compared between the two study groups.
Results: Both FICB and QLB showed effective comparative postoperative analgesic profiles after acetabular fracture surgery; However, no significant variation in VAS values was found at any time of the study between the two groups. FICB showed decreased cumulative fentanyl consumption during spinal anesthetic placement, however, QLB had considerably lower total morphine demand in the initial postoperative 24h period.
Conclusion: The lateral QLB and FICB can introduce as effective routes for analgesia in acetabular fracture surgery by the Stoppa approach.
Clinical Trial Registration: The study was retrospectively registered in the clinical trials registry system, on 2021-02-17, with registration number: IRCT20191114045435N1.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width is Associated with Short-term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Chen Fujin , Wang Xiaobo , Ni Bukao , Wu Jianhua , Shi Jincun
Published: November 2022

Background:Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with increased mortality in many diseases. However, the relationship between RDW fluctuations and the prognosis of critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been reported. This study investigated the association between baseline RDW levels and dynamic changes and short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM.Methods:All critically ill patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for T2DM in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic and Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival, and subgroup analyses were used to determine the association between baseline RDW and short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM. Generalized additive mixed models were then used to compare trends in RDW over time between survivors and non-survivors.Results:This study enrolled 6,299 patients with a 28-day mortality rate of 18.4%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed higher 28-day and 60-day mortality (P<0.001) in the high baseline RDW group. High baseline RDW was revealed by multivariate logistic and Cox regression models as an independent risk factor for in-hospital, 28-day, and 60-day death in critically ill patients with T2DM. An association between elevated baseline RDW and 28-day mortality was observed in all subgroup analyses. The generalized summation mixed-effects model results showed a significant difference in RDW between the surviving and non-surviving groups within 48 h of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Moreover, this difference increased with time (β=0.034,P=0.003).Conclusions:Elevated baseline RDW at ICU admission was associated with high short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM, an association that remained significant within 48 h of patient admission to the ICU. Moreover, dynamic monitoring of RDW may help predict short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM. However, this finding requires further validation in prospective studies.
A Meta-analysis of Treatment for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: Open versus Minimally Invasive Radical Trachelectomy
Authors: Yuan Yi , Wang Yu-ying , Wang Yu-wen , He Jun-jie , Chen Jin-an , Wu Qian-long , Peng Jia-ying , Lin Zi-han , Lv Zi
Published: November 2022

Background In previous systematic reviews, meta-analysis was lacking, resulting in the statistical difference between the data of different surgeries being impossible to judge. This meta-analysis aims to contrast the fertility results and cancer outcomes between open and minimally invasive surgery.
Method We systematically searched databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus to collect studies that included open and minimally invasive radical trachelectomy. A random-effect model calculated the weighted average difference of each primary outcome via Review Manager V.5.4.
Result Eight studies (1369 patients) were incorporated into our study. For fertility results, the Open group excels MIS group in pregnancies-Third trimester delivery[OR = 2.68; 95% CI (1.29, 5.59); P = 0.008]. Nevertheless, there were no statistical differences in clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and second-trimester rate. Concerning cancer outcomes, no difference was detected in the overall survival [OR = 1.56; 95% CI (0.70, 3.45); P = 0.27] and recurrence [OR = 0.63; 95% CI (0.35, 1.12); P = 0.12]. Concerning surgery-related outcomes, the comprehensive effects revealed that the estimated blood loss of the Open group was higher than that of the MIS group[MD = 139.40; 95% CI (79.05, 199.75); P < 0.0001]. However, there was no difference between the postoperative complication rate in the two groups [OR = 1.52; 95% CI (0.89, 2.60); P = 0.12].
Conclusion This meta-analysis suggested that the fertility result of the Open group may be better than the MIS group, while the MIS group has better surgery-related outcomes. Owing to the poor cases of our study, a more robust conclusion requires more relevant articles in the future.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42022352999
Cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature for prognostic prediction in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhu Yidong , He Jun , Li Zihua , Yang Wenzhong
Published: November 2022

Background
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to have a crucial impact on the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cuproptosis, a copper-triggered modality of mitochondrial cell death, might be a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Nevertheless, the role of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs in AML remains unexplored.
Methods
AML RNA sequencing data and demographical characteristics were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Pearson correlation analysis, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm, and univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were applied to identify the cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature and determine its feasibility it for AML prognosis prediction. The performance of the proposed signature was measured via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and principal component analysis (PCA). Functional analysis was implemented to uncover the potential prognostic mechanisms. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression of the prognostic lncRNAs in clinical samples.
Results
A signature consisting of seven cuproptosis-related lncRNA (NFE4, LINC00989, LINC02062, AC006460.2, AL353796.1, PSMB8-AS1, and AC000120.1) was identified. Multivariable cox regression analysis revealed that the proposed lncRNA signature was an independent prognostic factor for AML, the nomogram based on this signature showed excellent accuracy in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival [Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.846, 0.801, and 0.895, respectively]. Functional analysis suggested a significant association between the prognostic signature and the immune-related pathways. The expression pattern of the lncRNAs was validated in AML samples, which suggested the robustness of these findings.
Conclusion
In this study, we constructed a prediction model based on seven cuproptosis-related lncRNAs for AML prognosis. The obtained risk score may be connected with tumor immunity.
Role of laparoscopic loop sigmoid colostomy in a case of Fournier’s gangrene with parietal wall abscess and complex perineopelvic fistula causing pelvic sepsis
Authors: Roy Gradlin , B Elangovan , P Sirisha
Published: November 2022

Background
Fournier’s gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis of scrotum and perineal region. The cornerstone of treatment is early detection, aggressive surgical debridement along with complete drainage of abscess and also optimal medical management.
Methods
This patient with Fournier's gangrene who underwent emergency surgical debridement and abscess drainage, followed by serial debridement’s in our institution had an unusual presentation. Because of constant fecal contamination of the wound along with development of multiple fistulous tract communicating to anterior abdominal wall and pelvis, there was ascending infection leading to pelvic sepsis and parietal wall abscess. Hence MR Fistulogram and Pelvis was recommended. The patient was successfully managed by Laparoscopic loop sigmoid for control of sepsis and faster recovery. In this patient, Laparoscopic mobilization and exteriorization of the sigmoid loop through widening the left utility port incision was found to be simple and easily reproducible technique in creating loop sigmoid colostomy. The operative time for our case was 65 minutes, making it feasible even for the surgeon without extensive laparoscopy experience.
Results
Postoperatively patient had a faster recovery, wound infection settled and secondary suturing of the wound was done. Patient was discharged for later colostomy reversal.
Conclusion
In our experience we found that patient with Fournier gangrene and complex perineal wound causing pelvic sepsis can be managed with laparoscopic fecal diversion for sepsis control and faster wound recovery
Population genetic structure of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in China inferred by microsatellite and association with knockdown resistance mutations
Authors: Shan Wenqi , Yuan Hao , Chen Hanming , Dong Haowei , Zhou Qiuming , Tao Feng , Bai Jie , Chen Huiying , Ma Yajun , Peng Heng
Published: November 2022

Background: Aedes albopictus is considered to be the main vector of dengue fever and Chikungunya fever in China. Mosquito control is an important component of the integrated programs to prevent dengue fever transmission. In this study, to provide technical support for future genetic control of mosquitoes, the genetic structure of Ae. albopictus population in China was analyzed and the correlation between genetic variations within Ae. albopictus population and kdr mutation was explored.
Methods: Seventeen collection sites from 11 provinces (municipalities) of Ae. albopictus were collected from 2016 to 2021 in China, including most regions in the distribution area. Genomic DNA was extracted from individual adult mosquito using the DNAzol reagent. Eight microsatellite loci were finally selected for genotyping. Population genetic structure and demographic inference were analyzed using the software. Pearson correlation coefficient R was used to examine the association between the intra-population genetic variation and kdr mutation.
Results: The considered eight microsatellite loci, scored in 453 mosquitoes across the 17 localities from North to South of China. The variation analysis showed that most variation occurred within individuals, whereas only about 9% of the total variation was detected among populations. Three gene pools were inferred by Bayesian analysis, in which the overall trend was that the northern populations belong to gene pool I (red), the eastern populations belong to III (blue), and the southern populations belong to three different gene pools. We also observed that the greater the genetic difference (FST), the lower the wild-type frequency of F1534 of VSGC gene in the same population.
Conclusions: The degree of genetic divergence of Ae. albopictus in China was very low among the populations. These populations can be divided into three genetic gene pools. The gene pool of the northern and eastern Chinese populations was relatively simple, and southern populations were heterogeneous. The greater the genetic difference within the population, the larger the mutation rate of knockdown resistance, indicating that frequent migration among Ae. albopictus populations in China maybe a major factor in the increasing insecticide resistance.
Experimental study and finite element analysis of notch effect on HDPE pipes’ resistance under internal pressure
Authors: Abdelwahab Zerrouki , Abdelkader Boulenouar , Abderazek Hammoudi , Tayeb Belfekroune , NOUIOUA Mourad
Published: November 2022

This work aims to study the notch effect in HDPE pipes. Burst tests were performed on notched pipes of HDPE for different depth ratios a/t to evaluate the burst pressure equivalent to each notch depth. 3D finite elements calculations were performed in the frame of elastic-plastic behavior, to predict the Von-Mises equivalent stress values at different positions of notch vicinity. Critical values of Von-Mises equivalent stress were predicted for different notch shapes and depths, also for different hydrostatic pressure levels. According to the obtained results, burst pressure value depends strongly on the notch depth. Hence, equivalent stress takes its maximum values in the immediate vicinity of the notch and then, gradually decreases through the outer pipes limit.
The Effects of a Newly-Produced Probiotic Mouthwash on The Surface Roughness and Microhardness of Resin-Based Restorative Materials and Enamel: An AFM Study
Authors: Karatas Ozcan , Delikan Ebru , Erturk-Avunduk Ayse Tugba
Published: November 2022

Background
The effects of probiotics on the surface roughness and microhardness of resin composite and tooth enamel are unclear. Accordingly, this study documents the effects of a probiotic mouthwash and kefir on the surface roughness and microhardness of different restorative materials and permanent and deciduous teeth enamels.
Methods
Thirty disc-shaped specimens were prepared from composite resin, compomer, and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Enamel sections were prepared from 30 permanent and deciduous human teeth crowns. All specimens were then divided into three groups and kept in kefir, a new probiotic mouthwash, and distilled water for 14 days. The mean surface roughness values of all specimens were then evaluated with an atomic force microscope, while mean surface microhardness was evaluated using a Vickers hardness measuring device. The data were recorded and analyzed statistically.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the mean surface roughness of the groups treated with probiotic mouthwashes and the control groups (p > 0.05). However, the mean surface roughness of resin-modified glass ionomer cement was statistically significantly higher in all solution groups (p < 0.05). The probiotic mouthwashes significantly reduced the surface microhardness of the permanent and deciduous teeth (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Frequent consumption of probiotic mouthwashes may affect the surface roughness and microhardness of different restorative materials and teeth. The clinicians should consider the effect of consumption by patients of these mouthwashes.
Population confidence in federal entities’ governance to face the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and its associated factors: Evidence from the Social Thermometer Project – COVID-19
Authors: Moura Heriederson Sávio Dias , de Araújo Juliana Soares Tenório , Delpino Felipe Mendes , Soares Débora de Almeida , Ramos Antônio Carlos Vieira , Berra Thaís Zamboni , de Souza Rosa Maria Pinheiro , Pinto Liana Wernersbach , Fuentealba-Torres Miguel , de Freitas Giselle Lima , Fiorati Regina Célia , Palha Pedro Fredemir , Pinto Ione Carvalho , Crispim Juliane de Almeida , Alves Yan Mathias , Alonso Jonas Bodini , Lapão Luís Velez , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: November 2022

Background
The crisis brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic brought a great connection with the population's level of trust in the governance of federative entities, in the intention of feeling supported and protected, whether at an individual or collective level. Here, we aimed to investigate the level of confidence of the Brazilian population in the governance of federative entities to combat COVID-19 and its associated factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was developed, applied to the general Brazilian population, with a validated instrument, and a hybrid application online and in the field. Convenience sampling was used for recruitment using the snowball technique. Multinomial logistic regression was applied.
Results
The sample included 1,018 participants, with a mean age of 46.1 years, the majority being female (75.2%). Brazil has three levels of governance: the Federal, State, and Municipal Government. Residents in the Northeast and Central-West regions were more confident than those in the Southeast. The sources of information consulted by the participants were also associated with governance confidence.
Conclusions
The study advanced knowledge by showing that trust in governance capacity is socially determined and is crossed by forces that can lead to dissent, reducing the level of trust, especially in the Federal Government.
Hyperactive learning for data-driven interatomic potentials
Authors: Oord Cas van der , Sachs Matthias , Kovacs David , Ortner Christoph , Csanyi Gabor
Published: November 2022

Data-driven interatomic potentials have emerged as a powerful class of surrogate models for ab initio potential energy surfaces that are able to reliably predict macroscopic properties with experimental accuracy. In generating accurate and transferable potentials the most time-consuming and arguably most important task is generating the training set, which still requires significant expert user input. To accelerate this process, this work presents hyperactive learning (HAL), a framework for formulating an accelerated sampling algorithm specifically for the task of training database generation. The key idea is to start from a physically motivated sampler (e.g., molecular dynamics) and add a biasing term that drives the system towards high uncertainty and thus to unseen training configurations. Building on this framework, general protocols for building training databases for alloys and polymers leveraging the HAL framework will be presented. For alloys, ACE potentials for AlSi10 are created by fitting to a minimal HAL-generated database containing 88 configurations (32 atoms each) with fast evaluation times of <100 μs/atom/cpu-core. These potentials are demonstrated to predict the melting temperature with excellent accuracy. For polymers, a HAL database is built using ACE, able to determine the density of a long polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer formed of 200 monomer units with experimental accuracy by only fitting to small isolated PEG polymers with sizes ranging from 2 to 32.
Time to intubation, ventilatory mechanics and outcome in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A single-centre study.
Authors: Aretha Diamanto , Kefala Sotiria , Nikolopoulou Alexandra , Karamouzos Vasilios , Valta Maria , Mplani Virginia , Georgakopoulou Alexandra , Papamichail Chrysavgi , Sklavou Christina , Fligou Fotini
Published: November 2022

Background: We investigated the impact of time to intubation and the ventilatory mechanics on clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study. Time to intubation was defined based on the patient’s hospital admission as early (≤2 days) or late (>2 days). In a secondary analysis, patients were further divided into three groups: intubated early (≤3 days), late (4-6 days), and very late (>6 days).
Results: We included 194 consecutively intubated patients; 66.5% were male, and the median age was 65 years old. From them, 58 (29.9%) were intubated early and 136 (70.1%) late. Compared to patients intubated late, patients intubated early had lower mortality (44.8% vs 72%, p < 0.001), were younger (60 vs 67, p = 0.002), had lower sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores (6 vs 8, p=0.002) and higher lung compliance on admission days 1, 6 and 12 (42 vs 36, p = 0.006; 40 vs 33, p < 0.001; and 37.5 vs 32, p < 0.001, respectively). Older age (aOR = 1.15, p < 0.001), time to intubation (aOR = 1.15, p = 0.004), high SOFA scores (aOR = 1.81, p < 0.001), a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio (aOR = 0.96, p = 0.001), low lung compliance on admission Day 1 and 12 (aOR = 1.12, p = 0.012 and aOR = 1.14, p < 0.001, respectively), and a high white blood cell (WBC) number at admission (aOR = 1, p = 0.001) were associated with higher mortality. In the secondary analysis, very late and late intubated patients had higher mortality rates than patients intubated early (78.4% vs 63.4% vs 44.6%, respectively, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Among COVID-19 intubated patients, age, late intubation, high SOFA scores, high WBC, low PaO2/FiO2 ratio, and low lung compliance are associated with higher ICU mortality.
Prediction of the Reactivation of Retinopathy of Prematurity After Anti-VEGF Treatment Using Machine Learning in Small Numbers
Authors: Wu Rong , Chen Wentao , Bai Yichen , Li Jiali , Huang Chunling , Liang Wenzhao , Feng Songfu , Lu Xiaohe
Published: November 2022

Aim
To create and validate a prediction model for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) reactivation after anti-VEGF therapy with clinical risk factors and retinal images.
Methods
Infants with TR-ROP undergoing anti-VEGF treatment were recruited from two hospitals, and three models were constructed using machine learning and deep learning algorithms. The areas under the curve (AUC), sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPC) were used to show the performances of the prediction models.
Results
Finally, we included 87 cases, including 21 with recurrent and 66 nonrecurrent cases. The AUC for the clinical risk factor model was 0.80 and 0.77 in the internal and external validation groups, respectively. The average AUC, sensitivity, and specificity in the internal validation for the retinal image model were 0.82, 0.93, and 0.63, respectively. The SPC, AUC, and SEN for the combined model were 0.73, 0.84, and 0.93, separately.
Conclusion
We constructed a prediction model for the reactivation of ROP. Using this prediction model, we can optimize strategies for treating TR-TOP infants and developing screening plans after treatment.
Catastrophic health expenditure and its inequality in rural China: based on longitudinal data from 2013 to 2018
Authors: ZHang Weile , Su Min , Li Dongxu , ZHang Tianjiao , Li Wenhui
Published: November 2022

Background: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is an important indicator for measuring health inequality. Previous studies mainly focused on whole populations rather than specific vulnerable groups through the regional survey or cross-sectional data. China’s rural area is often associated with an underdeveloped economy and insufficient health resources. This study aims to update the information on the extent and trends in incidence and inequality of CHE among the households of rural China through longitudinal survey data.
Methods：Data were obtained from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS): 2013, 2015, and 2018. CHE was defined as the proportion of household health expenditures to the non-food expenditure more than 40% threshold. The inequality of CHE was measured by the concentration index. Decomposition methods were used to decompose the concentration index into its determining components.
Results：The incidence of CHE was 23.41% (95% CI: 0.22, 0.25) in 2013, 21.36% (95% CI: 0.20, 0.23) in 2015 and 28.97% (95% CI: 0.27, 0.31) in 2018 in rural households. The concentration index was negative: -0.1528 (95% CI: -0.1941, -0.1115) in 2013, -0.1010 (95% CI: -0.1442, -0. 0577) in 2015 and -0.0819 (95% CI: -0.1170, -0.0467) in 2018. Economic status, age, and chronic disease were the main contributors to the inequality of CHE.
Conclusions：The incidence of CHE in rural households of China displayed an upward trend. Furthermore, there existed a strong pro-poor inequality of CHE in rural China. Economic status, age, and chronic diseasewere the main contributors to the pro-poor inequality. Health policies to allocate resources and services are needed to satisfy the needs of rural households and provide more accessible and affordable health services. More concerns need to be directed toward households with chronic diseases and households with the elderly. Meanwhile, policymakers need to pay more attention to relieving the incidence of CHE and promoting health equality.
Silymarin and Potassium Bromate in EAC-bearing Mice: histopathological and Immunohistological study
Authors: Elhadad Mona A. , Mahfouz Prof. Dr. Magdy E. , Ghanem Prof. Dr. Nora F. , Moussa Prof. Dr. Eman A.
Published: November 2022

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Reactive oxygen species induce pathology by damaging lipids, proteins, and DNA. Elevated reactive oxygen species levels, accompanied with down-regulation of cellular antioxidant enzyme systems, result in malignant transformation. Potassium bromate is a chemical oxidizing agent that is a famous flour improver. It can attack cellular constituents through reactive oxygen species and destroy the cellular structures so it may lead to cancer as a result of administration of it for a long time. Plant polyphenols such as silymarin reported to be a safe nontoxic agent to treat several diseases such as cancer. The anticancer mechanism of action of silymarin has been attributed to its antioxidant activity, antiproliferation, and cell cycle arrest, as it causes apoptosis in cancer cells. We aimed to investigate the effect of silymarin, and administration of potassium bromate on mice with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Histopathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies were applied on the liver, kidney, and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Silymarin was found to destroy tumors and improve the histological changes induced by Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in liver and kidney of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice. Potassium bromate showed an improvement in the histological changes induced by Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in liver and kidney of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice and caused mitochondrial degeneration and nuclear distortion in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells but showed no effect on non Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice. The present study revealed that silymarin and potassium bromate could be very promising anticancer agents.
Nlrc3 signaling is indispensable for hematopoietic stem cell
emergence via Notch signaling in vertebrates
Authors: shuyang cai , Huang He
Published: November 2022

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) generate all of the lineages of blood cells throughout the lifespan of vertebrates. The emergence of HSPCs occurs through the hemogenic endothelial (HE) to hematopoietic transition (EHT) process, which is finely-tuned by a variety of signaling pathways. Previous studies have emerged the essential roles of pattern-recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors and RIG-I-like receptors in EHT. However, whether the nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) containing family members participate in vertebrate embryonic hematopoiesis remains unclear. In this study, we determined that Nlrc3 was highly expressed in HSPCs differentiated from HE of vertebrates’ embryonic development in vivo and mouse embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in vitro. We then utilized morpholino and CRISPR-Cas9 technology to find that nlrc3 was required in definitive hematopoiesis and in primitive hematopoietic differentiation to neutrophils and macrophages in zebrafish embryos. Mechanistically, nlrc3 activated the Notch pathway and the downstream gene of Notch hey1 in the production of HSPCs. Furthermore, NF-kB signaling acted upstream of nlrc3 to enhance its transcriptional activity. Finally, we found that Nlrc3 signaling was conserved in the regulation of murine hematopoiesis. Taken together, our findings uncover an indispensable role of Nlrc3 signaling in HSPC emergence and provide new insights into inflammation-related hematopoietic ontogeny and the in vitro expansion of HSPCs.
Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from lemon pulp for Oxytetracycline removal
Authors: SOLMAZ Alper , KARTA Mesut , DEPCİ Tolga , TURNA Talip , SARI Zeynel Abidin
Published: November 2022

This study aims to remove oxytetracycline (OTC), that harms the ecosystem, with activated carbon (LPAC) obtained from Lemon Pulp (LP). Characterization and properties of LPAC were analyzed by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Point of Zero Charge (pHPZC) analyses. BET surface area, pore volume and pHPZC of LPAC produced by carbonization at 400 0C and activation with KOH at 800 0C were obtained as 1333.01 m2/g, 0.391 cm3/g and 6.81, respectively. pH, reaction time, initial OTC concentration and adsorbent amounts were optimized in the adsorption study performed with LPAC with high porosity and micropores. Kinetic evaluation was made with Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order and Intra-Particle Diffusion Models and Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin equations are used to investigate their isotherms under reaction equilibrium conditions and also the results were analyzed by statistical method (ANOVA). In Pseudo Second Order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models, where the best results were obtained, R2 values were calculated as 0.9988 and 0.9953, respectively. Maximum OTC removal efficiency was found as 104.222 mg/g. Overall, this research indicates that LPAC for the treatment of water contaminated with antibiotics is environmentally friendly green material.
Germline mutations of p53 tumor gene linked to Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) are associated with an increased risk of cancer
Authors: Abduljaleel Zainularifeen
Published: November 2022

Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are rare pediatric tumors often associated with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS). In LFS, TP53 mutations are involved. A germline mutation in the TP53 gene has been found in about three-quarters of families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and one-quarter of families with Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome. LFS is a complex predisposition to inherited cancer associated with early cancer in different tissues. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are also more likely to carry TP53 mutations. It has been reported that TP53: 799C>T, p. (Arg267Trp) has been identified as a rare missense mutation in a Saudi family by Musa AlHarbi, 2018. This mutation we further identified to confirm the structural and functional significance. Germline TP53 mutations are identified in 75 % of patients associated with classic LFS. The lifetime likelihood of a TP53 mutation carrier developing cancer approaches 75 % in males and almost 100 % in females. Overall, 75 % of families with classic LFS have significant clinical variants in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 that might disrupt protein function and stability determined by different algorithms. The results of this mutation cytogenetic location on 17p13.1: NM_000546.6 (TP53): c. 799C>T, p. (Arg267Trp) structurally affect H- bond formation. The wild type residue forms a salt bridge with glutamic acid at position 258. The difference in charge will disturb the ionic interaction made by the wild type residue Arg267. This mutation was located within a stretch of residues annotated in UniProt as a unique region interaction with Cell Cycle And Apoptosis Regulator 2 (CCAR2). Also, amino acid properties can disturb this region and function. It might be possible that the mutation disturbs this interaction and thereby affects the regulation of catalytic enzyme activity. Moreover, the results reported herein strengthen the intermolecular interactions in TP53 activity and provide useful information for the design of appropriate of any mutants.
Experimental and Numerical Studies of the Influence of Zigzag Crests with Various Geometries on the Flow Field and Scour Downstream of Rectangular Piano Key Weirs
Authors: Chooplou Chonoor Abdi , Ghodsian Masoud , Abediakbar Davoud , Ghafouri Aram
Published: November 2022

In this research, the flow and scour patterns downstream of a rectangular Piano Key Weir (PKW) were studied experimentally and simulated by using the Flow-3D numerical model and with RNG turbulence model. It was found that the Flow-3D model simulates the scour downstream of a PKW with acceptable accuracy. Variations of the bed topographical downstream of type-A PKWs with different crest shape (i.e. standard crest and with zigzag indentations in various geometries, including: triangulate, half circular, sinusoidal, rectangular and fort crest) were investigated. The results demonstrate that the zigzag indentations of the lateral crest walls substantially influenced the geometrical characteristics of the scour hole including: scour depth at the weir toe, maximum scour depth, scour hole area and scour hole volume. The lowest value of maximum scour depth was occurred downstream of the PKW with the triangulation indentations, in this case a decrease of 10.5 and 17% in the longitudinal and vertical components of flow velocities, at the weir crest level and below the crest level, led to a reduction of 38% in the local scour, respectively. The higher energy of flow in the weir with the rectangular indentations caused the maximum scour depth location to occur at a farther distance from the weir toe. Also, the lowest upstream and downstream slopes of the scour hole were observed in the two weir models with rectangular and fort crest shapes.
A Machine Learning Framework for Automatic Fake News Detection in Indian News
Authors: Sudhakar M. , Kaliyamurthie K. P.
Published: November 2022

This research article proposes machine learning algorithms and systems to detect fake news in Indian online information and sources. With the development of technology and social media, many people started using the Internet. Today, everyone is creating and sharing content on social media. Before they transfer it to others, no one checks the originality of the content; it is complicated to manually identify the news content as fake or real. Due to this challenge, many people are started sharing fake news purposely to destroy the community, and some political and business purposes are spreading quickly. News channels and online newspapers have challenges in identifying trustworthy news sources. In this research paper, we collected various news articles from Indian news. We used a classical model of machine learning algorithms (Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine), Deep Learning (Convolutional Neural Network and BERT) model for testing training purposes. The proposed approach has 35,550 trustworthy news and 15,450 fake news. The Convolutional Neural Network is provided better accuracy. The accuracy rate is 99.7%.
Using benford’s law and RMSE to predict financial fraud using firm-reported data
Authors: Kaushik Rakshit
Published: November 2022

Data growth is exploding in the era of big data. To maximise the value of data, data quality management has become crucial. Establishing a strategy for identifying the quality of scientific data is crucial and essential. Benford’s law has evolved into an effective tool for assessing data quality and spotting anomalous data across multiple sectors. Benford’s law is a digital analytic method that determines the probabilistic distribution of digits for numerous common phenomena. The fraud detection method uses deviations from the expected Benford’s Law distributions as strong signs of fraudulent behaviour. The Wire card fraud, which resulted in losses of several billion euros, is regarded as one of the most notable financial scandals of the decade. This paper examines the digit structure of Wire card’s financial figures from 2005 to 2019, financial figures of the Bank of England, financial figures of the SEC’s Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAERs), financial figures of publicly traded U.S. firms, sample financial data, and test data by analysing their conformity with the expected frequency distributions based on Benford’s law. The results indicate that small accounting fraud in large datasets cannot be identified using the Benford analysis of the first digits alone. This work still demonstrates how Benford’s law can be applied to small datasets with a high fraud count in accounting and auditing, hence introducing data analytic approaches for fraud detection. The future evolution of Benford’s Law necessitates that academics from many disciplines conduct additional research on its foundation, strengthen its integration with other data processing technologies, and then broaden its application.
Developing a predictive model for clinically significant prostate cancer by combining age, PSA density and mpMRI
Authors: Ma Zengni , Wang Xinchao , Zhang Wanchun , Gao Kaisheng , Wang Le , Qian Lixia , Mu Jingjun , Zheng Zhongyi , Cao Xiaoming
Published: November 2022

Purpose
The study aimed to construct a predictive model for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) and to investigate its clinical efficacy to reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies.
Methods
A total of 847 patients from institute 1 were included in Cohort 1 for model development. Cohort 2 included a total of 208 patients from institute 2 for external validation of the model. The data obtained were used for retrospective analysis. The results of magnetic resonance imaging were obtained using Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine significant predictors of csPCa. The diagnostic performances were compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and decision curve analyses.
Results
Age, prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) and PI-RADS v2.1 scores were used as predictors of the model. In the development cohort, the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for csPCa about age, PSAD, PI-RADS v2.1 scores, and the model were 0.675, 0.823, 0.875, and 0.938, respectively. In the external validation cohort, the AUC values predicted by the four were 0.619, 0.811, 0.863, and 0.914, respectively. Decision curve analysis revealed that the clear net benefit of the model was higher than PI-RADS v2.1 scores and PSAD. The model significantly reduced unnecessary prostate biopsies within the risk threshold greater than 10%.
Conclusions
In both internal and external validation, the model constructed by combining age, PSAD, and PI-RADS v2.1 scores exhibited excellent clinical efficacy and can be utilized to reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies.
Arbitrator Miniature: A Paradigm using Data Science Methods to Predict Academic Performance
Authors: Malik Saleem , k jothimani
Published: November 2022

Informational tools are necessary at schools and colleges due to the sheer volume and diversity of data they handle. Numerous scholars has emphasized towards applying machine learning to retrieve information from the education database to enable students and educators in attaining greater results as a means of simplifying essential work. Selecting efficient tactics that might produce acceptable prediction performance is a challenging task for prediction models. In order to improve classification performance by addressing the misclassification issue, this study proposes a hybrid approach known as arbitrator miniature that combines factor analysis with the following nine machine learning techniques: Support vector machine, Random Forest, K Nearest Neighbor, Logistic Regression, Artificial neural network, Decision Tree, XG boost, Ada boost and Naïve Bayes. To evaluate the robustness of the suggested models, student datasets from a variety of academic fields at diploma-granting institutions in Karnataka, India, were used. In order to assess the proposed model using the datasets, assessment criteria such as classification accuracy and root mean square error were employed. This study’s findings revealed that proposed arbitrator miniature model might significantly improve classification performance. For the purpose of resolving prediction and classification issues, the proposed arbitrator miniature may be viewed as the best prediction models.
Outcomes of transplant-eligible patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts registered in a prospective observational study: The JALSG-CS11-MDS-SCT
Authors: Ishiyama Ken , Nakagawa Noriharu , Usuki Kensuke , Takada Satoru , Tomikawa Tatsuki , Handa Hiroshi , Katsuoka Yuna , Hirano Daiki , Sezaki Nobuo , Sumi Masahiko , Fujisawa Shin , Taniguchi Yasuhiro , Mugitani Atsuko , Yoshimura Takuro , Ohtsuka Eiichi , Takase Ken , Suehiro Youko , Ota Shuichi , Kajiguchi Tomohiro , Maeda Tomoya , Yamamoto Masahide , Ohtake Shigeki , Katsumi Akira , Kiyoi Hitoshi , Matsumura Itaru , Miyazaki Yasushi
Published: November 2022

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the sole curative therapy for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, whether bridging therapy (BRT) including azacitidine (AZA) and combination chemotherapy (CCT) prior to allo-SCT should be performed is unclear. We analyzed BRT and the outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts (MDS-EB) who were registered in a prospective observational study in order to clarify the optimal allo-SCT strategy for high-risk MDS. A total of 371 patients were included in this study. Among 188 patients (50.7%) who were considered for allo-SCT, 141 actually underwent allo-SCT. Among the patients who underwent allo-SCT, 64 received AZA, 29 received CCT and 26 underwent allo-SCT without BRT as an initial treatment. The multivariate analysis identified BRT as independent factors influencing overall survival (AZA vs. without BRT, hazard ratio [HR] 3.33, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.44–7.70, P = 0.005; CCT vs. without BRT, HR 3.82, 95%CI 1.60–9.14, P = 0.003). In a multivariate analysis, BRT showed an independent association with progression-free survival (AZA vs. without BRT, HR 2.23, 95%CI 1.03–4.83, P = 0.041; CCT vs. without BRT, HR 2.94, 95%CI 1.29–6.69, P = 0.010). Transplant-eligible patients with MDS-EB should undergo upfront allo-SCT without BRT.
Mineral identification of human kidney stones in South Brazil.
Authors: DIAS ISIS ARMSTRONG , CARVALHO MAURICIO , BAHNIUK ANELIZE , FROEHNER SANDRO , REIS JOSE MANOEL DOS
Published: November 2022

Kidney stones are precipitated when abnormal conditions within the urinary tract promotes local ions supersaturation, changes in the pH, and, in some cases, a differential bacterial influence. The most common minerals in kidney stones are calcium oxalates, followed by calcium phosphates, struvite, cystine and uric acid. In this study, the morphological and mineralogical characteristics of kidney stones were registered and applied to simplify their identification and facilitate the diagnosis. Furthermore, we performed isotopic analysis to verify the likelihood of external factors influencing kidney stones formation. In total, 160 samples of kidney stones from different patients above 18 years old were analyzed. We examined the morphological characterization macroscopically, based on features such as color, fabric and relative hardness. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) applied to mineral identification indicated that whewellite was present in 64% of the samples, followed by 14% uric acid stones and 10% struvite stones. The x-ray fluorescence (XRF) revealed that the majority of the kidney stones were formed by phosphates and calcium oxides, followed by magnesium, sodium and sulfur oxides. Isotopic analysis showed δ13C values from − 23 to -8‰ and δ18O values between − 12 and − 6‰ in different types of kidney stones. All the results have shown that it is possible to improve the discrimination of kidney stones based on some morphological features associated with chemical and isotopic composition. Furthermore, isotopic results have suggested that kidney stone formation can be associated with different diets and water intake.
Diabetic striatopathy in the elderly: Clinical and radiological manifestations
Authors: Fang Wenli
Published: November 2022

Diabetic striatopathy (DS) can be a reversible emergency with a good prognosis when diagnosed and treated timely. However, patients with diabetic striatopathy are easily misdiagnosed mainly due to its rarity and most physicians’ unfamiliarity. Therefore, we conducted this study to reveal the clinical-radiographic features of diabetic striatopathy and advance our knowledge of this rare but important condition. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical data of patients with diabetic striatopathy in our hospital between January 2013 and July 2022. Four cases were finally included, and the mean age of the identified patients was (63 ± 9) years. We found that the majority (75%) of patients were newly diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus and the average levels of blood glucose and hemoglobin A1C were 275 mg/dL and 13.0%, respectively. One patient was positive for ketone bodies. All the patients were presented with continuous and involuntary motion of their extremities. The most commonly involved body regions were lateral arm-leg. The commonly involved concomitant regions on CT and MRI were putamen and globus pallidus. Three of the four cases achieved substantial recovery with glucose-control treatments and anti-chorea medications within 10 days. Our finding suggests that it is of great importance to be aware of diabetic striatopathy when across with patients suffering from acute onset of hemi-chorea even though they have not a prior history of diabetes.