bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Challenge Models and In Vitro Models to Investigate Efficacy of Treatments and Vaccines against Amoebic Gill Disease
Authors: Hudson Jemma , Nowak Barbara F.
Published: March 2021

Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) severely affects salmonid mariculture due to fish losses and costs associated with management of the disease. Continued research into management solutions, including new treatments and vaccine development, is highly important for the future of salmonid production worldwide. This requires both in vitro (both pathogen only and host-pathogen models) and in vivo (disease challenge) testing. Challenge models are still widely varied, in particular with regard to: infection methods (cohabitation or immersion), source of the pathogen (isolated from infected fish or cultured), infectious dose, environmental conditions (in particular temperature) and the endpoints across experimental treatment and vaccine studies which makes comparisons between studies difficult. This review summarises in vitro assays, the challenge methods and endpoints used in studies of experimental treatments and vaccines for AGD.
Role of Circulating Immune Complexes in the Pathogenesis of Canine Leishmaniasis: New Players in Vaccine Development
Authors: Cacheiro-Llaguno Cristina , Parody Nuria , Escutia Marta R. , Carnés Jerónimo
Published: March 2021

During canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL), due to Leishmania infantum (L. infantum), uncontrolled infection leads to a strong humoral immune response. As a consequence of the production of high antibody levels and the prolonged presence of parasite antigens, circulating immune complexes (CIC) are formed, which can be deposited in certain organs and tissues, inducing vasculitis, uveitis, dermatitis and especially glomerulonephritis and renal failure. A method to detect CIC and quantify their levels in serum samples from dogs infected with L. infantum has been recently described. It allowed demonstration of a correlation between CIC levels and disease severity. Thus, CIC measurement may be useful for diagnosis, assessment of disease progression and monitoring response to treatment. This is an interesting finding, considering that there remains an urgent need for identification of novel biomarkers to achieve a correct diagnosis and for optimal disease staging of dogs suffering from Leishmania infection. The objective of the present review is to shed light on the role of CIC in CanL, as well as to highlight their potential use not only as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers but also as a valuable tool in vaccine development and new immunotherapy strategies to prevent or control disease outcome.
Insight into Gentisic Acid Antidiabetic Potential Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches
Authors: Mechchate Hamza , Es-safi Imane , Mohamed Al kamaly Omkulthom , Bousta Dalila
Published: March 2021

Numerous scientific studies have confirmed the beneficial therapeutic effects of phenolic acids. Among them gentisic acid (GA), a phenolic acid extensively found in many fruit and vegetables has been associated with an enormous confirmed health benefit. The present study aims to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of gentisic acid and highlight its mechanisms of action following in silico and in vitro approaches. The in silico study was intended to predict the interaction of GA with eight different receptors highly involved in the management and complications of diabetes (dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1), aldose reductase (AldR), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), α-amylase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and α-glucosidase), while the in vitro study studied the potential inhibitory effect of GA against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The results indicate that GA interacted moderately with most of the receptors and had a moderate inhibitory activity during the in vitro tests. The study therefore encourages further in vivo studies to confirm the given results.
Effect of Alkaline Salts on Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Hydration
Authors: Tambara Júnior Luís Urbano D. , Rocha Janaíde C. , Cheriaf Malik , Padilla-Encinas Pilar , Fernández-Jiménez Ana , Palomo Angel
Published: March 2021

This work analyzes the effect of the presence of 5 wt.% of solid sodium salts (Na2SO4, Na2CO3, and Na2SiO3) on calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) hydration, addresses hydration kinetics; 2-, 28-, and 90-d mechanical strength, and reaction product microstructure (with X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, (FTIR). The findings show that the anions affect primarily the reactions involved. Ettringite and AH3, are the majority hydration products, while monosulfates are absent in all of the samples. All three salts hasten CSA hydration and raise the amount of ettringite formed. Na2SO4 induces cracking in the ≥28-d pastes due to post-hardening gypsum and ettringite formation from the excess SO42– present. Anhydrite dissolves more rapidly in the presence of Na2CO3, prompting carbonation. Na2SiO3 raises compressive strength and exhibits strätlingite as one of its reaction products.
Antioxidant Compounds, Kirenol and Methyl ent-16α, 17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oate Bioactivity-Guided Isolated from Siegesbeckia glabrescens Attenuates MITF-Mediated Melanogenesis via Inhibition of Intracellular ROS Production
Authors: Shim Sun-Yup , Lee Ye Eun , Lee Mina
Published: March 2021

Siegesbeckia glabrescens (Compositae), an annual herb indigenous to Korean mountainous regions and has been eaten as a food in Korea. This study investigated ABTS, DPPH and nitric oxide (NO) radical-scavenging activities, and melanin production and TYR inhibitory effects-guided fractionation to identify therapeutic phytochemicals from S. glabrescens that can attenuate oxidation and melanogenesis in murine melanoma B16F10 cells. Nine compounds with inhibitory effects on melanin production, and TYR activity, and ABTS, DPPH, and NO radical scavenging activity were isolated from the 100% ethanol fraction from S. glabrescens. Among the nine compounds, kirenol (K), methyl ent-16α, 17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oate (MDK) had strong inhibitory effects on melanin production and TYR activity with antioxidant effects. Western blot analysis revealed that K and MDK suppressed tyrosinase-related protein (TYRP)-1, TYRP-2 and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression. Moreover, these two compounds inhibited intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-treated B16F10 cells. Our results suggest that S. glabrescens containing active compounds such as K and MDK, which has antioxidant and antimelanogenesis effects, is the potent therapeutic and functional material for the prevention of oxidation-induced hyperpigmentation.
Aha1 Exhibits Distinctive Dynamics Behavior and Chaperone-Like Activity
Authors: Hu Huifang , Wang Qing , Du Jingwen , Liu Zhijun , Ding Yiluan , Xue Hongjuan , Zhou Chen , Feng Linyin , Zhang Naixia
Published: March 2021

Aha1 is the only co-chaperone known to strongly stimulate the ATPase activity of Hsp90. Meanwhile, besides the well-studied co-chaperone function, human Aha1 has also been demonstrated to exhibit chaperoning activity against stress-denatured proteins. To provide structural insights for a better understanding of Aha1’s co-chaperone and chaperone-like activities, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques were used to reveal the unique structure and internal dynamics features of full-length human Aha1. We then found that, in solution, both the two domains of Aha1 presented distinctive thermal stabilities and dynamics behaviors defined by their primary sequences and three-dimensional structures. The low thermal stability (melting temperature of Aha128–162: 54.45 °C) and the internal dynamics featured with slow motions on the µs-ms time scale were detected for Aha1’s N-terminal domain (Aha1N). The aforementioned experimental results suggest that Aha1N is in an energy-unfavorable state, which would therefore thermostatically favor the interaction of Aha1N with its partner proteins such as Hsp90’s middle domain. Differently from Aha1N, Aha1C (Aha1’s C-terminal domain) exhibited enhanced thermal stability (melting temperature of Aha1204–335: 72.41 °C) and the internal dynamics featured with intermediate motions on the ps-ns time scale. Aha1C’s thermal and structural stabilities make it competent for the stabilization of the exposed hydrophobic groove of dimerized Hsp90’s N-terminal domain. Of note, according to the NMR data and the thermal shift results, although the very N-terminal region (M1-W27) and the C-terminal relaxin-like factor (RLF) motif showed no tight contacts with the remaining parts of human Aha1, they were identified to play important roles in the recognition of intrinsically disordered pathological α-synuclein.
Microbial Application to Improve Olive Mill Wastewater Phenolic Extracts
Authors: Romeo Flora V. , Granuzzo Gina , Foti Paola , Ballistreri Gabriele , Caggia Cinzia , Rapisarda Paolo
Published: March 2021

Olive mill wastewater (OMW) contains valuable and interesting bioactive compounds, among which is hydroxytyrosol, which is characterized by a remarkable antioxidant activity. Due to the health claims related to olive polyphenols, the aim of this study was to obtain an extract from OMW with an increased level of hydroxytyrosol by means of microbial enzymatic activity. For this purpose, four commercial adsorbent resins were selected and tested. The beta-glucosidase and esterase activity of strains of Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also investigated and compared to those of a commercial enzyme and an Aspergillus niger strain. The W. anomalus strain showed the best enzymatic performances. The SP207 resin showed the best efficiency in selective recovery of hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein, and total phenols. The bioconversion test of the OMW extract was assessed by using both culture broths and pellets of the tested strains. The results demonstrated that the pellets of W. anomalus and L. plantarum were the most effective in hydroxytyrosol increasing in phenolic extract. The interesting results suggest the possibility to study new formulations of OMW phenolic extracts with multifunctional microorganisms.
Thickness-Dependent Band Gap Modification in BaBiO3
Authors: Bouwmeester Rosa Luca , Brinkman Alexander , Sotthewes Kai
Published: March 2021

The material BaBiO3 is known for its insulating character. However, for thin films, in the ultra-thin limit, metallicity is expected because the oxygen octahedra breathing mode will be suppressed as reported recently. Here, we confirm the influence of the oxygen breathing mode on the size of the band gap. The electronic properties of a BaBiO3 thickness series are studied using in-situ scanning tunneling microscopy. We observe a wide-gap (EG > 1.2 V) to small-gap (EG ≈ 0.07 eV) semiconductor transition as a function of a decreasing BaBiO3 film thickness. However, even for an ultra-thin BaBiO3 film, no metallic state is present. The dependence of the band gap size is found to be coinciding with the intensity of the Raman response of the breathing phonon mode as a function of thickness.
Screening of Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties for Susceptibility to Plasmopara viticola Using Leaf Disc Bioassay, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Štambuk Petra , Šikuten Iva , Preiner Darko , Nimac Ana , Lazarević Boris , Marković Zvjezdana , Maletić Edi , Kontić Jasminka Karoglan , Tomaz Ivana
Published: March 2021

In the era of sustainable grapevine production, there is a growing demand to define differences between Vitis vinifera varieties in susceptibility to downy mildew. Croatia, as a country with a long tradition of grapevine cultivation, preserves a large number of native grapevine varieties. A leaf disc bioassay has been conducted on 25 of them to define their response to downy mildew, according to the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) descriptor 452-1, together with the stress response of the leaf discs using chlorophyll fluorescence and multispectral imaging with 11 parameters included. Time points of measurement were as follows: before treatment (T0), one day post-inoculation (dpi) (T1), two dpi (T2), three dpi (T3), four dpi (T4), six dpi (T5), and eight dpi (T6). Visible changes in form of developed Plasmopara viticola (P. viticola) sporulation were evaluated on the seventh day upon inoculation. Results show that methods applied here distinguish varieties of different responses to downy mildew. Based on the results obtained, a phenotyping model in the absence of the pathogen is proposed, which is required to confirm by conducting more extensive research.
Productivity and Post-Harvest Fungal Resistance of Hot Pepper as Affected by Potassium Silicate, Clove Extract Foliar Spray and Nitrogen Application
Authors: Hassan Shimaa M. , El-Bebany Ahmed F. , Salem Mohamed Z. M. , Komeil Doaa A.
Published: March 2021

In the present study, growth and productivity of hot pepper planted in the two successive summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 were evaluated under the effect of foliar spray of variable doses of potassium silicate (PS), and clove water extract (CWE) with different rates of nitrogen (N) fertilization application. The post-harvest resistance of hot pepper fruits to Alternaria alternata fungal infection, was also evaluated. Maximum plant height was achieved with the application of the highest rates of N, PS and CWE, while the intermediate rates were sufficient to reach the maximum number of branches, the highest leaf dry matter and chlorophyll accumulation. Fruit yield progressively increased with increasing the applied N rate. The foliar application of PS and CWE exerted a limited, yet positive effect on fruit yield. Generally, the least amount of fruit yield, amounting to 18.84 and 18.00 t ha−1, resulted from the application of the lowest N rate (144 kg ha−1) in the absence of PS and CWE. The highest significant fruit yield, amounting to 31.71 and 31.22 t ha−1, for 2017 and 2018, respectively, accompanied the application of the maximum levels of the three factors. The application of high N rates increased the post-harvest Alternaria fruit rot severity. The positive effect of CWE application in counterbalancing the negative effects associated with the high rates of N and PS may be related to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds ellagic acid, benzoic acid, catechol gallic acid, rutin, myricetin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol as identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
A Systematic Model for Process Development Activities to Support Process Intelligence
Authors: Muñoz Edrisi , Capon-Garcia Elisabet , Muñoz Enrique Martinez , Puigjaner Luis
Published: March 2021

Process, manufacturing, and service industries currently face a large number of non-trivial challenges ranging from product conception, going through design, development, commercialization, and delivering in a customized market’s environment. Thus, industries can benefit by integrating new technologies in their day-by-day tasks gaining profitability. This work presents a model for enterprise process development activities called the wide intelligent management architecture model to integrate new technologies for services, processes, and manufacturing companies who strive to find the most efficient way towards enterprise and process intelligence. The model comprises and structures three critical systems: process system, knowledge system, and transactional system. As a result, analytical tools belonging to process activities and transactional data system are guided by a systematic development framework consolidated with formal knowledge models. Thus, the model improves the interaction among processes lifecycle, analytical models, transactional system, and knowledge. Finally, a case study is presented where an acrylic fiber production plant applies the proposed model, demonstrating how the three models described in the methodology work together to reach the desired technology application life cycle assessment systematically. Results allow us to conclude that the interaction between the semantics of formal knowledge models and the processes-transactional system development framework facilitates and simplifies new technology implementation along with enterprise development activities.
Improved Thermal Properties and Flow Behavior of Palm Olein-Based Diacylglycerol: Impact of Sucrose Stearate Incorporation
Authors: Ng Siou Pei , Khor Yih Phing , Lim Hong Kwong , Lai Oi Ming , Wang Yong , Wang Yonghua , Tan Chin Ping
Published: March 2021

Palm olein-based diacylglycerol (POL-DAG) oil is a healthy product that is produced through enzymatic reaction and purification processes. However, POL-DAG oil easily solidifies at room temperature and crystallizes at high temperatures. The effect of different concentrations of sucrose stearate (1 and 10 g kg−1) added as a nonionic emulsifier, to POL-DAG oil containing 800 g kg−1 diacylglycerol, on its physical properties and flow behavior were investigated. The thermal properties of POL-DAG oil in melting, crystallization transition, and onset temperature were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) with the addition of emulsifiers. Besides, the incorporation of emulsifiers also significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the hardness of POL-DAG oil. Moreover, all POL-DAG oils with emulsifiers incorporated exhibited shear-thinning behavior, a low consistency coefficient (K) and a low apparent viscosity. The present study resolves the solidification issue and eases the pourability of POL-DAG oil by the incorporation of sucrose stearate. The process of adding an emulsifier to POL-DAG oil is a simple method that does not require advanced technology or process modifications to manage the POL-DAG oil and thus is highly applicable for the fats and oils industries and palm oil refineries.
Measurement and Correction of Stooped Posture during Gait Using Wearable Sensors in Patients with Parkinsonism: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Kim Se Hoon , Yun Seo Jung , Dang Quoc Khanh , Chee Youngjoon , Chung Sun Gun , Oh Byung-Mo , Kim Keewon , Seo Han Gil
Published: March 2021

Stooped posture, which is usually aggravated during walking, is one of the typical postural deformities in patients with parkinsonism. However, the degree of stooped posture is difficult to quantitatively measure during walking. Furthermore, continuous feedback on posture is also difficult to provide. The purpose of this study is to measure the degree of stooped posture during gait and to investigate whether vibration feedback from sensor modules can improve a patient’s posture. Parkinsonian patients with stooped posture were recruited for this study. Two wearable sensors with three-axis accelerometers were attached, one at the upper neck and the other just below the C7 spinous process of the patients. After being calibrated in the most upright posture, the sensors continuously recorded the sagittal angles at 20 Hz and averaged the data at every second during a 6 min walk test. In the control session, the patients walked with the sensors as usual. In the vibration session, sensory feedback was provided through vibrations from the neck sensor module when the sagittal angle exceeded a programmable threshold value. Data were collected and analyzed successfully in a total of 10 patients. The neck flexion and back flexion were slightly aggravated during gait, although the average change was <10° in most patients in both measurement sessions. Therefore, it was difficult to evaluate the effect of sensory feedback through vibration. However, some patients showed immediate response to the feedback and corrected their posture during gait. In conclusion, this preliminary study suggests that stooped posture could be quantitatively measured during gait by using wearable sensors in patients with parkinsonism. Sensory feedback through vibration from sensor modules may help in correcting posture during gait in selected patients.
Desenvolvimento de um coprocessador de qualidade de energia padrão classe A baseado em processadores embarcados em FPGA
Authors:   , Luiz Max Mateus
Published: March 2021

A utilização cada vez maior de cargas não lineares conectadas ao sistema elétrico de potência e o aumento na inserção de geração distribuída, contribuem para uma possível piora dos níveis de Qualidade da Energia Elétrica (QEE) e para o surgimento de distúrbios, capazes de danificar equipamentos conectados à rede. Com o intuito de mitigar os prejuízos econômicos causados por este tipo de ocorrência e atender as exigências de melhora de QEE pelas agências reguladoras, o estudo e desenvolvimento de dispositivos e tecnologias capazes de monitorar e armazenar parâmetros indicadores de QEE é cada vez maior. Ao avaliá-los, é possível não apenas categorizar e identificar as possíveis fontes dos distúrbios, mas também, de acordo com o número de monitores instalados, obter uma visão geral do funcionamento do sistema. Dentre as tecnologias disponíveis no mercado, o Arranjo de Portas Programáveis em Campo (do inglês, Field Programmable Gate Array)(FPGA), devido a sua alta reconfigurabilidade e paralelismo, vem sendo cada vez mais utilizado neste tipo de aplicação. Tendo em vista o cenário descrito, o presente trabalho apresenta a implementação de um sistema de cálculo de parâmetros indicadores de QEE, a partir da utilização de processadores paralelos embarcados em FPGA. Os algoritmos implementados em cada processador seguem as diretrizes descritas pela norma IEC 61000-4-30, para dispositivos classe A. Para validação do sistema proposto foram feitos testes de simulação funcional, a partir do software ModelSim® , da fabricante Intel® , e testes de teor mais prático, com o projeto gravado e em execução de fato dentro do FPGA. Para tal, foi utilizado o kit de desenvolvimento DE10-Nano, o qual embarca um FPGA pertencente à família Cyclone V, da fabricante Intel® . Em todos os testes executados, os resultados apresentaram boa precisão e atenderam aos requisitos exigidos pela norma adotada.
Использование геофизических методов для изучения криогенного состояния пород разрабатываемых золоторудных месторождений Магаданской области
Authors:   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Khasanov I. M. ,   North-Eastern State University, Magadan, Volkov V. N. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
Published: March 2021

The authors consider the problem of applicability and sensitivity of methods of ground geophysics for studying the state of rock massifs in the permafrost zone. Using the example of gold deposits in Magadan Oblast, they study and analize peculiarities of changes in the values of electrical resistivity and induced polarization of soils, depending on their cryogenic state. Sufficiently high efficiency of geophysical methods in distinguishing thawed, seasonally thawed, locally frozen, and permafrost rocks is substantiated. The research results are recommended for optimizing field development processes in various engineering and geological settings.
Оползневая опасность на Шуфанском плато для линейных объектов инфраструктуры (Приморский край)
Authors:   Far Eastern State Transport University, Khabarovsk, Kvashuk S. V. , Maleev D. Yu. ,   Far Eastern State Transport University, Khabarovsk, Fedorenko E. V. ,   Miakom SPb LLC, Saint-Petersburg
Published: March 2021

Active visco-elastic mudslide streams are widely developed along the edges of basaltic flow formations on the Shufan Plateau. Brief orographic, tectonic, and geologic assessment of the area is given. Landslides, revinement, denudation violate the normal transportation rhythm. The results of studying the process conditions and causes are discussed. It is established that the main cause of mudflows is traffic arteries tracing along the low-grade (12-15 degrees) slopes built by unconsolidated clays, with of the clays transformation into plastic state during long drizzles, common in the area, as the principal one. Working out options or engineering protection of railroads against the mudflows at the outskirts of Shufan Plateau has shown that each is highly problematic. Seismotectonic hazard of the regional Lower-Suyfun fault, coinciding with the Razdolnaya River valleyas well as modern vertical movements of the earth crust in the area discussed have to be taken into account while exploring the territory.
Ранний - средний голоцен северного Сахалина
Authors:   Far East Geological Institute, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Mikishin Yu. A. , Gvozdeva I. G. ,   Far East Geological Institute, FEB RAS, Vladivostok
Published: March 2021

New palynological and radiocarbon data obtained from sections of two ancient peatbogs permitted to specify the landscape and climatic changes in the nature of the first half of the Holocene on the southern outskirts of North Sakhalin. The Early Holocene was generally colder and drier in comparison with modern climatic conditions. The vegetation cover was dominated by larch/birch forests with the shrub birch undergrowth. In the middle of the Boreal Period (9000-8400 yrs. BP / 10,100-9300 Cal. yrs. BP), the climate became significantly warmer and slightly wetter, yet remaining drier than the modern one. Birch forests with the presence of broad-leaved and dark coniferous tree species were widespread. In the initial phase of the Atlantic Period (probably 7800-7500 yrs. BP / 8800-8300 Cal. yrs. BP), in the climatic conditions warmer and much more humid than modern ones, the first expansion of spruce/fir forests occurred. The second half of the early and first half of the middle phase of the Atlantic Period (7500-6500 yrs. BP / 8300-7400 Cal. yrs. BP) were distinguished by decreased humidity and further warming of the climate, which resulted in dominating birch forests, subordinate spruce/fir taiga, and a lot of deciduous forests. There were two cold episodes at the beginning and in the middle of this stage. The first of them, about 7300 yrs. BP / 8100 Cal. yrs. BP, was dry and provided the return of birch/larch forests. The second, about 7100 yrs. BP / 7900 Cal. yrs. BP, had a more humid climate, which caused an increase in the role of dark coniferous taiga and a weakening of birch forests. In the second half of the middle and, possibly, the beginning of the late phase of the period (probably 6500-5400 yrs. BP / 7400-6200 Cal. yrs. BP), spruce/fir forests with participation of broad-leaved tree spread. They developed in a warmer and more humid climate, similar to the current climate in the south of the Sakhalin Island and close to the optimal climatic conditions of the post-glacial time. The middle of the Late Atlantic Period, about 5300 yrs. BP / 6100 Cal. yrs. BP, was marked by the second, maximum expansion of spruce/ fir forests, due to the onset of the cool and, possibly, the wettest episode in the Middle Holocene.
Новые данные о лишайниках рода Umbilicaria Hoffm. с островов Парамушир и Сахалин
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, FEB RAS, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Ezhkin A. K. , Davydov E. A. ,   Altai State University, Barnaul
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the new data on lichen of the genus Umbilicaria Hoffm. from Paramushir and Sakhalin islands. Six species from Paramushir Island are presented; four ( Umbilicaria cylindrica, U. deusta, U. hyperborea, and U. torrefacta) are recorded in Paramushir for the first time. One more species, U. muhlenbergii, collected from ancient inselbergs on the Tonin-Aniva Peninsula, Sakhalin, was registered in the island for the first time. Three of the species discussed ( Umbilicaria deusta, U. muhlenbergii, and U. hyperborea) are new for Sakhalin Oblast. Brief descriptions, localities and photos are presented for the reported species.
Segregación escolar por nivel socioeconómico en educación secundaria en Perú y sus regiones
Authors: Murillo F. Javier , Carrillo Sandra
Published: March 2021

Diferentes estudios internacionales han evidenciado que Perú es uno de los países de América Latina con mayor segregación escolar. El objetivo de este estudio es profundizar en esa afirmación y estimar la magnitud de la segregación de las escuelas de secundaria por nivel socioeconómico en el total de Perú y en sus regiones con una mirada específica en las escuelas situadas en contextos urbanos. Para ello, se realiza una explotación especial de los datos de la Evaluación Censal de Estudiantes del 2016 del Ministerio de Educación. Se utilizan los índices de Gorard y de aislamiento, y la variable criterio es el índice socioeconómico. La muestra estuvo conformada por 489.161 estudiantes de 25 regiones. Los resultados confirman que la magnitud de la segregación escolar en las escuelas de secundaria es alta y se encuentra una tendencia a una mayor segregación en los grupos de menor nivel socioeconómico, así como diferencias entre las regiones y entre cada grupo minoritario. El estudio muestra la necesidad de seguir profundizando en este tipo de estudios, puesto que permite contar con evidencia para atender, de manera urgente y diferenciada, a los grupos con mayor segregación escolar. De este modo, es posible garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades a todos los estudiantes del país.
Brechas de origen, brechas de trayectoria. La desigual transición a la educación superior en dos grupos de jóvenes peruanos
Authors: Reategui Luciana , Grompone Velásquez Alvaro , Rentería Mauricio
Published: March 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo contrastar los resultados de dos estudios realizados con jóvenes peruanos que se encuentran en la etapa transicional de la educación secundaria a la superior. El primero se enfoca en jóvenes que residen en un distrito rural del departamento de Ayacucho; y el segundo, en jóvenes urbanos de hogares de la clase alta limeña y que estudian en algunos de los colegios más caros del país. El artículo busca fundamentar que las diferencias en los entornos familiares, las características de las instituciones educativas y los soportes con los que cuentan los jóvenes en la etapa transicional constituyen marcadores de desigualdad que los acompañarán a lo largo de su trayectoria. Si bien ambas investigaciones responden a contextos diametralmente distintos, el artículo da cuenta de la fragmentación del sistema educativo peruano y las formas de desigualdad que se vienen reproduciendo a través de este.
Estado enseña sobre las lenguas originarias:
Authors: Zavala Virginia , Franco Raiza
Published: March 2021

En este artículo, realizamos un análisis crítico del programa sobre “Las lenguas indígenas y originarias del Perú” transmitido en “Aprendo en Casa” por la televisión nacional peruana durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Nos enfocamos en tres aspectos sobre cómo el programa despliega un discurso dominante en torno a las lenguas originarias y sus hablantes, con el objetivo de desentrañar sus racionalidades y estrategias. En la primera parte, damos cuenta de una retórica del ‘discurso de las lenguas en peligro’ que se ha instalado como la manera “natural” de hablar sobre las lenguas minorizadas. En la segunda, evidenciamos que este discurso se encarga de proyectar un multilingüismo celebratorio y de negar los antagonismos. En la tercera parte, analizamos la relación esencializante entre lengua, cultura, identidad y territorio, que termina excluyendo a las personas que se identifican con las lenguas originarias pero que no encajan dentro de esta ecuación. Argumentamos que el discurso analizado se vincula con el manejo de la diversidad en el marco de la nueva economía globalizada y con un multiculturalismo neoliberal imperante en el Perú desde hace varias décadas. Asimismo, sostenemos que esta manera de abordar las lenguas originarias dista mucho de una educación lingüística necesaria para la formación crítica de los educandos.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Cadmium Doped Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: S Prabakar , M Mayakannan , E Vinoth
Published: March 2021

The cadmium doped aluminium oxide (CdAl2O3) nanoparticles were prepared by reverse precipitation method. The prepared CdAl2O3 nanoparticles were characterized by Powder X-Ray Diffraction in order to confirm the crystalline nature of the sample and found average crystallite size in the range 27.6 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the presence of metal oxygen bonds in the CdAl2O3 nanoparticle.
The use of biomarkers in planning orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with diseases of periodontal tissues
Authors: Vozniy O.V. , Romanyuk V.М.
Published: March 2021

According to WHO, up to 75% of the population in different regions of the world are affected by the partial absence of teeth. Clinical observations show that in most cases, the cause of adentias is generalized periodontitis. According to researchers, from 5 to 20% of the population suffers from severe periodontitis, and from the mild to moderate periodontitis, the majority of adults. Moreover, periodontitis is associated with other serious conditions such as coronary heart disease, head and neck carcinoma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The aim of our study was to establish prognostically significant molecular biochemical criteria in the planning of implantological and orthopedic treatment of patients with periodontal tissue disorders and defects in the dentition.

40 patients were selected for the study. Among them, 10 healthy patients comprised the control group and 30 major patients with periodontal tissue disorders. Among them are 10 patients with grade I, 10 patients with grade II, 10 patients with grade III parodontitis and dentition defects.

Determination of the level of biological markers of the oral fluid is a promising diagnostic method, does not require special training from a dentist, is a minimally invasive technique, and will allow to evaluate the current state of prosthetic bed tissues, which will allow rational planning of the type of orthopedic rehabilitation of dental patients.
Análisis termodinámico del intercambiador de calor de un sistema ORC para el aprovechamiento de calor residual en procesos industriales
Authors: Caldiño-Herrera Uzziel , Cornejo-Monroy Delfino , Tilvaldyev Shehret , Dávalos-Ramírez José Omar
Published: March 2021

In this paper we present the implementation of a system based on organic Rankine cycle coupled to a heat discharge of an industrial process. Waste heat is used as an energy source input to the system, which uses this energy to evaporate an organic fluid and expand it in a turbine, where mechanical power is produced. The system consists of 4 processes and the heat exchanger is specially analyzed. According to the availability of heat energy, the heat exchanger was designed to achieve the maximum efficiency in the energy system. Likewise, the maximum thermal efficiency of the ORC system is calculated as a function of the available energy, the energy source temperature and the available mass flow rate. By these calculations, the working fluid and the suitable operating conditions were selected through a thermodynamic analysis.
Erroibarko aldaeraren inguruan (1 – Ipar Erroibarko mintzairak)
Authors: Artola Kortajarena Koldo
Published: March 2021

Oraingo saio hau ere Louis-Lucien Bonaparte euskalariak utzi zigun mapa miresgarria gogoan prestatu dugu. Saioan Erroibarko ipar aldeko sei herritan bilduriko laginak dakartzagu, zeintzuek, Erroibar bereko beste herrietakoekin eta Esteribarko gehientsuenekin, printzearen arabera betiere, Erroko aldaera osatzen zuten. Irudipena dugu ezen, gu grabatzera iritsi ginen hizkera hauek, adin handiko lagun batzuen artean soilki iraunaraziak, hurbilekoek kutsatuxerik zeudela, Auritz-Orreagako hizkerak alde batetik, eta Artzibar zein Aezkoako ibarretakoak bestetik.
Subordinadas completivas del verbo gertatu ‘ocurrir’ en Haraneder: ¿Subjuntivo extendido o conservación del Aoristo Perifrástico?
Authors: Aldai Gontzal
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se examina un contexto sintáctico muy concreto, las subordinadas completivas del verbo gertatu ‘ocurrir’, en el autor labortano de principios del siglo XVIII Joanes Haraneder. Los ejemplos hallados en el habla de Haraneder muestran un fenómeno sorprendente, donde las subordinadas finitas de gertatu con valor de perfectivo tienen una forma verbal construida con un auxiliar de raíz -di- o -za-. Después de comparar esos ejemplos de Haraneder con sus correspondientes en Joanes Leizarraga (s. XVI) y en la Vulgata latina, el artículo discute si el fenómeno presente en Haraneder debería analizarse como un Subjuntivo Pasado extendido a nuevos contextos (en principio de indicativo), o si estamos ante el uso arcaizante del Aoristo Perifrástico en un contexto conservador.
Erroibarko aldaeraren inguruan (2 – Hego Erroibarko azpialdaera. Lehen erdia)
Authors: Artola Kortajarena Koldo
Published: March 2021

Honen aurrean argitara eman genuen saioa, gehi oraingo hau, gehi jarraian agertarazi nahi genituzkeen beste laurak –sei saio edo entrega izanen lirateke, beraz– Louis-Lucien Bonaparte euskalariak utzi zigun mapa miresgarria gogoan prestatu ditugu (eta prestatzen jarraitzen dugu, noski). Saio honek Erroibarko hiru herritan –Erro, Olondritz eta Aintzioa– bilduriko laginak dakartza, zeintzuek, Erroibar bereko beste herrietakoekineta Esteribarko gehientsuenekin, printzearen arabera beti ere, Erroko aldaera osatzen zuten.
Zaraitzueraren lekukotasunak XVIII. mende bukaeran: hiru testu zahar eta autore berri bat
Authors: Santazilia Ekaitz
Published: March 2021

Zaraitzuko euskaran XVIII. mendean idatzitako hiru prediku aztertu ditugu lan honetan. Ez daude hirurak egoera berean, izan ere, bat argitaragabea izan arren, beste biak J. M. Satrustegik emanak zituen jadanik argitara; gainera, ez dira denak batera leku berean gordetzen. Hartara, lau zeregini ekin diegu: Alde batetik, testuek izenik ez baitute, argitaratu gabe dagoen testuak eta Satrustegik ateratakoak esku berak idatziak direla frogatu dugu. Bigarrenik, balizko autorea zein den aurkitu eta haren biografia apur bat ikertu dugu. Ondoren, hiru testuen transkripzio eta edizio bateratua eskaini dugu, eta testuek erakusten duten hizkeraren hizkuntza-azterketa egin, azkenik.
Dardarkari bakunen alofonoez testu irakurrietan
Authors: Gaminde Terraza Iñaki , Romero Andonegi Asier , Eguskiza Naia , Etxebarria Lejarreta Aintzane
Published: March 2021

Lan honetan mendebaldeko gazteek irakurtzen dituzten testuetan agertzen diren dardarkari bakunek zer motatako alofonoak dituzten aztertzen da. Alofonoen deskripzioa egiteaz gain, euren bereizketarako iraupenaren nahiz energiaren indize akustikoen azterketa egiten da. Datuak jaso eta corpusa osatzeko hamabost informatzaile erabili dira, guztiak gazteak eta neskak, eta testu labur bat irakurtzeko eskatu zaie, behin testu irakurriak grabatuta, «Praat» programaren bidez datuak etiketatu eta aztertu dira. Alofonoen deskripzioa egiteko bi ezaugarri nagusi hartu dira kontuan: mihiak albeoloetan ukitu duen ala ez eta zarata agertu den ala ez. Ondorio gisa esan beharra dago bost alofono bereizi direla eta iraupena zein energia ezaugarri akustikoak garrantzitsuak direla alofono horien bereizketan.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN DARI PASIR PANTAI PEH PULO KABUPATEN BLITAR MENGGUNAKAN XRF DAN XRD
Authors: Asrori Muhammad Roy , Prakasa Yana Fajar , Baharintasari Dinar Rachmadika , Sumari Sumari
Published: March 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang berjudul analisis kandungan mineral pasir pantai Peh Pulo Kabupaten Blitar menggunakan XRF dan XRD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana persentase kandungan mineral dalam pasir pantai Peh Pulo Kabupaten Blitar. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah XRF dan XRD dimana sampel ditempatkan dalam sample holder kemudian diradiasi dengan sinar X. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kandungan unsur dan mineral dalam pasir pantai peh Pulo maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasir pantai Peh Pulo memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan material nanoteknologi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis XRF menunjukkan adanya kandungan CaO sebesar 94,46 % dan hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan adanya kandungan mineral jenis Aragonite
IDENTIFIKASI KONSEP FISIKA PADA KEARIFAN LOKAL PENGOLAHAN SAGU (PUTAK) KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN
Authors: Laos Landiana E. , Tefu Meti O. F. I
Published: March 2021

Abstrak Kearifan lokal adalah semua bentuk pengetahuan, keyakinan, pemahaman atau wawasan serta adat kebiasaan atau etika yang menuntun perilaku manusia dalam kehidupan di dalam komunitas ekologis. Pembelajaran fisika akan lebih bermakna jika dalam proses pembelajaran dikaitkan dengan kearifanlokal yang ada pada suatu tempat. Sagu (putak) adalah makanan tradisional yang diwariskan oleh nenek moyang masyarakat Santian, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan semenjak dahulu kala. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif fenomenologi, menggunakan teknik triangulasiberupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pada proses pengolahan sagu (putak) terdapat konsep-konsep fisika yang diidentifikasi terutama pada gaya, tekanan, suhu dan kalor, momentum, proses pemisahan campuran, larutan, pengendapan,penguapan, perubahan volume.

Kata kunci: Kearifan Lokal; Konsep Fisika Abstract Local wisdom is a kind of knowledge, belief, comprehension and insight as well as habit and ethic thatleads human’s behavior in an ecology community. Physics will be meaningful learning process is related to the local wisdom in a certain context. Sagu (putak) is a kind of traditional meal which is inherited by the anchestors of Santian community, Timor Tengah Selatan from time to time. This study is a phenomenology, applying qualitative method, triangulating among observation, interview and documentation. The result showed that in processing sagu (the traditional meal), there were somephysics concepts identified particularly force, pressure, temperature and heat, momentum, mixture separation, solution, deposition, evaporation and volume change.Keywords: Local wisdom; physics concept
PENGARUH MEDAN MAGNET TERHADAP DIAMETER PERKECAMBAHAN KACANG HIJAU
Authors: Prasetyo Aditya Vethra
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian yang dilakukan berjudul “Pengaruh Medan Magnet  Terhadap Diameter Perkecambahan Kacang Hijau”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh medan magnet terhadap diameter perkecambahan kacang hijau. Penelitian ini disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor, yaitu kuat medan magnet dalam waktu yang sama yang terdiri dari kontrol (0 mT), 5,3 mT, 10,7 mT, 16,1 mT, 21,5 mT. Parameter yang diukur adalah diameter batang kecambah kacang hijau. Data dianalisis ragam dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada taraf α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemaparan medan magnet  mempengaruhi diameter batang kecambah kacang hijau. Perlakuan yang menyebabkan perkembangan diameter batang terbesar adalah 21,5 mT.

Kata kunci: kacang hijau, medan magnet, diameter

Abstract

The study was conducted entitled "The Effect of Magnetic Fields on the Diameter of Green Bean Germination". This study aims to determine the effect of the magnetic field on the diameter of green bean germination. This research was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely magnetic field strength at the same time consisting of controls (0 mT), 5.3 mT, 10.7 mT, 16.1 mT, 21.5 mT . The parameter measured is the diameter of the green bean sprout stem. Data were analyzed by continued variance with DMRT test at α = 5%. The results showed that exposure to the magnetic field affected the diameter of the green bean sprout stem. The treatment that caused the largest stem diameter development was 21.5 mT.

Keywords: green beans, magnetic field, diameter
OPTIMALISASI PENERIMAAN INTENSITAS CAHAYA MATAHARI PADA PERMUKAAN PANEL SURYA (SOLAR CELL) MENGGUNAKAN CERMIN
Authors: Kaban Soni A , Jafri Muhamad , Gusnawati Gusnawati
Published: March 2021

Abstrak Energi surya merupakan salah satu energi yang bias dikonversi menjadi energi listrik dengan menggunakan panel surya (photovoltaic solar). Pada penelitian ini, dirancang panel surya dengan cermin datar sebagai reflektor scanning dengan empat buah reflektor pada empat sisi panel surya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan keluaran panel surya yang optimal menggunakan cemin sebagai media reflektornya dan mendapatkan konfigurasi penempatan cermin untuk meningkatkan keluaran arus dan tegangan panel surya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan melakukan percobaan terhadap objek bahan penelitian dengan kemiringan reflektor cermin 30o, 45o, dan 60o. Dengan penambahan reflector cermin pada panel surya menyebabkan peningkatan keluaran panel surya pada pukul 12.00 Wita. Panel tanpa reflektor mengahasilkan Arus 2,1 Ampere, Tegangan 6,52 Volt. Panel reflektor 30o menghasilkan Arus 1,89 Ampere, Tegangan 6,25 Volt, Panel reflektor 45o, Arus 2,33 Ampere, Tegangan 6,15 Volt dan Panel reflektor Arus 3,02 Ampere, dan Tegangan 6,41 Volt.Kata kunci: Energi; fotovoltaik; panel surya; cermin. Abstract Solar energy is one of the energies that can be converted into electrical energy using solar panels (photovoltaic solar). In this study, a solar panel with a flat mirror as a scanning reflector was designed with four reflectors on the four sides of the solar panel. The objectives to be achieved in this study are to obtain optimal solar panel output using the mirror as a reflector medium and obtain a mirror placement configuration to increase the current and voltage output of the solar panels. The method used in this research is an experimental method by conducting experiments on the object of the research material with a mirror reflector tilt of 30o, 45o, and 60o. With the addition of a mirror reflector on the solar panel, it causes an increase in the output of the solar panel at 12.00 GMT+08. The panel without a reflector produces a current of 2.1 Ampere, a voltage of 6.52 volts. The 30o-reflector panel produces a current of 1.89 Amperes, a Voltage of 6.25 Volts, a 450 Reflector Panel, a Current of 2.33 Amperes, a Voltage of 6.15 Volts and a Current 3.02 Amperes of Reflector Panel, and a Voltage of 6.41 Volts.

Keywords: Energy; photovoltaic; solar panel; mirror
INTERPRETASI POLA PENYEBARAN BATUAN DAN DAERAH TERAKUMULASI AIR TANAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE MAGNETIK DESA OEMATNUNU KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Kette Oktavianus , Sutaji Hadi I. , Bernandus Bernandus
Published: March 2021

Abstrak Telah dilakukan penelitian interpretasi pola penyebaran batuan dan daerah terakumulasi air tanah menggunakan metode magnetik di Desa Oematnunu Kabupaten Kupang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pola sebaran batuan dan daerah terakumulasinya air tanah serta membuat pemetaannya. Akuisisi data dilakukan dengan Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) tipe GSM–19T dan data yang diperoleh berupa nilai medan magnet total serta variasi harian yang diolah serta diinterpretasikan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Interpretasi kualitatif menunjukkan nilai anomali medan magnet total berkisar -250 nT sampai 450 nT dan terbagi atas anomali medan magnet rendah pada kisaran -250 nT sampai -10 nT, anomali medan magnet sedang dengan kisaran nilai -10 nT sampai 110 nT serta anomali medan magnet tinggi di kisaran 110 nT sampai 450 nT. Untuk  interpretasi kuantitatif menunjukkan struktur batuan yang diduga berupa batu pasir (aquifer) berada di bagian utara hingga barat laut dengan kedalaman sekitar 0 m - 100 m. Kata kunci: Metode magnetic; suspeptibilitas; akuifer; Oematnunu Abstract Interpretation of rock distribution patterns and areas groundwater accumulation using magnetic methods in Oematnunu Village Kupang District. The purpose of this research was to determine the pattern distribution of rocks and areas of groundwater accumulation and to make the mapping. The acquisition data was carried out by using the GSM-19T Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) and the data obtained in the form of total magnetic field values and daily variations were processed and interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitative interpretation shows the total magnetic field anomaly values ranging from -250 nT to 450 nT and is divided into low magnetic field anomalies in the range -250 nT to -10 nT, moderate magnetic field anomalies with values ranging from -10 nT to 110 nT, and high magnetic field anomalies. in the range 110 nT to 450 nT. For quantitative interpretation, it shows the rock structure which is thought to be sandstone (aquifer) in the north to the northwest with a depth of about 0 m - 100 m.Keywords: Magnetic method; suspension; aquifer; Oematnunu