bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spawn Timing of Winter-Run Chinook Salmon in the Upper Sacramento River
Authors: Dusek Jennings Eva , Hendrix Albert
Published: June 2020

Spawn timing in anadromous Pacific salmon may be especially sensitive to environmental cues such as river temperature and flow regimes. In this study, we explored correlations between peak spawn timing and water temperature in endangered Sacramento River winter-run Chinook. In recent drought years, rising water temperatures during egg incubation have negatively impacted winter-run Chinook populations. This paper seeks to understand how winter-run spawn timing may be affected by temperatures during adult spawner staging, and how water releases from Shasta Dam might affect these dynamics. We fit a proportional odds logistic regression model to evaluate annual spawn timing as a function of average temperatures in April and May below Keswick Dam. While the start date of spawning remains relatively constant from year-to-year, there is annual variability in when the majority of spawning occurs. Cool springtime temperatures trigger winter-run Chinook to spawn earlier, whereas warm springtime temperatures trigger fish to spawn later. Prior to dam construction, winter-run Chinook spawned in cool, spring-fed streams that are now inaccessible to migrating salmonids. Temperature-driven spawn timing would have primarily ensured sufficient time for egg maturation in cool years, while secondarily preventing mortality in warm years. In the current winter-run Chinook spawning grounds, this relationship may have important applications to management of Shasta Dam water releases during conditions when thermal mortality can affect developing winter-run Chinook eggs.
A Study of Dakwah Pattern on Dramatic Text and Its Transformation From Serat Menak Lare Literature to the Choreography Text of Srimpi Dance
Authors: Pramutomo R.M. , Widyastutieningrum Sri Rochana , Kuncoro Jonet Sri
Published: June 2020

The Srimpi dance is a Javanese dance which is presented by four female dancers. Usually, the Srimpi dancers are four female teenagers. The dance itself is based on literature. On the Srimpi Menak lare variation, the dance is performed by four child dancers, specifically by two boys and two girls. The Srimpi Menak Lare dance was inspired from the childhood tale of Tiyang Agung Jayengrana or Amir Ambyah, one of the uncles of Prophet Muhammad on a play by R.Ng. Yosodipuro I. The dramatical transformation in said play, when choreographically visualized, becomes a topic of discussion. This article will examines a study of dance elements which is pattered by da’wah in Islamic point of view. Based on said discussion, the creation of Srimpi Menak Lare dance is a research-based dance creation from the idea forming, exploration, concept building, and the forming of the dance itself. The methodological application in this artistic research refers to the analitycal form of the innovative choreography of the Srimpi Menak Lare dance. Through this specific term of da’wah pattern this article applied an exploration of elements of dance creation related to the contens of da’wah in Islamic values.
Ritual Mistis di Dunia Politik: Studi pada Ritual Ngalab Berkah di Gunung Kemukus
Authors: Nugroho Fibry Jati
Published: June 2020

Mystical rituals are still very thick in people's lives. Even though the times are modern, rituals in the supernatural are still performed. Community life cannot be separated from mystical rituals, which are then manifested in their spiritual practice. In this study presented a mystical ritual performed by pilgrims who Ngalab Berkah on Gunung Kemukus. Theritual Ngalab Berkah will be used as an object of study in relation to contestation in the political world. By using a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis, it was found that theframe Javanese religious and Max Weber's theory regarding charismatic leadership caused mystical rituals to remain in demand among political contestants. The results of mystical rituals in the form of Ngalab Berkah on Gunung Kemukus, make ritual performers get harmonization between macrocosm and microcosms, charisma as a leader, get pulung (kebegjan), and get wisdom and mercy from Prince Samudra. Mystical rituals carried out by pilgrims proved to be a powerful enough path for political contestants to win their contest in the political world.
Merawat Damai Antar Umat Beragama Melalui Memori Kolektif dan Identitas Kultural Masyarakat Maluku
Authors: Lestari Dewi Tika , Parihala Yohanes
Published: June 2020

This study aims to explain that the process of building and maintaining peace in the context of a plural society can be carried out by reactivating the collective memory and cultural identity of the community. Cultural memory and cultural identity that are based on historical-cultural experience are a social capital that nurtures harmony between communities. Qualitatively this study uses a literature study and field research approach. To explore the concepts of collective memory and cultural identity, author uses the concept from Edwards Shils, Maurice Halbwachs, and Paul Gilbert. The field study was obtained through a process of in-depth interviews with key informants, including religious leaders such as the Pastor and Imam of the Mosque, facilitators and community leaders in Batumerah from two communities, Islam and Christianity. Finally, the authors found that the collective memory of the cultural identity of Maluku people as brother people (orang basudara) is a strong social capital to transform conflict, and maintain peace among post-conflict communities. This can be a theoretical foothold in managing the diversity of peaceful lives as fellow brothers in Indonesia.
Hesitaton Phenomena in COnversational Interaction Among Speaking EFL Learners
Authors: Dewi Rohmatul Fitriyah
Published: June 2020

Hesitation is the phenomenon when people have speech disfluency in structuring sentences. English Conversation Club is one of the domains where hesitation phenomena occur among EFL learners that practicing their conversation. This study examines the hesitation phenomena and why the members are being hesitated during the interaction. Rose’s theory of taxonomy of hesitation phenomena (2012) is adopted. The approach used is the qualitative approach. Besides, the writer is also the participant observation to collect the data by recording and taking notes. This study resulted that most of the hesitation phenomena are found in the conversation conducted by the learners. The reason for being hesitant is unable to express the language and poor communication skills. Those occur spontaneously and naturally due to the reason that the processing of language in the brain is not as easy as it is produced directly.
Assertive Speech Acts Performed by Teacher in EFL Classes
Authors: Milal Ahmad Dzoul , Kusumajanti Wahju
Published: June 2020

One of the factors affecting language teaching and learning is the way how the communication process between teacher and learners takes place in the classroom. In a language instructional context, the teacher’s language serves several functions: transactional, interactional, regulatory, as a language model, and linguistic input. These multiple functions give rise to the performance of varied speech acts. This paper tries to reveal the variety of assertive acts and how they are performed by the teachers. After the data were collected by observation and recording and analyzed using a qualitative technique, it was revealed that the assertive speech acts are realized in terms of informing, describing, exemplifying, explaining, concluding, summarizing, commenting, responding, extending, giving feedbacks, giving clues, announcing a topic, announcing a task, and controlling/shifting a topic. The performance of those acts is always consistent with the main purpose of EFL, i.e., elevating the learners’ competence (knowledge and ability) of the target language.
Peripheral arterial embolism in a patient with left atrial myxoma: a case report
Authors: Dakalova T. A. , Abduramanov R. A. , Zakharyan E. A.
Published: June 2020

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Resveratrol in Alzheimer's disease: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutic potential
Authors: SOUSA Júlia Canto e , SANTANA Ana Carolina Fauaze , MAGALHÃES Gabriela Jesus Prado
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of cognitive function. The presence of senile plaques is one of the pathological markers of the disease and is associated with the onset of neuroinflammatory mechanisms. The exact pathophysiology of AD has not been completely understood, and there are no curative therapies yet. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a polyphenol that is noted for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: To review the role of resveratrol in the pathophysiological aspects of AD. Methods: This study carried out a literature review using PubMed/Medline, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Web of Sciences, SCOPUS and the Cochrane Library databases. Original research articles, describing both in vitro and in vivo experiments, published between 2008 and 2018, were included. Results: We identified 667 articles, of which 619 were excluded because they were repeated or did not follow the inclusion criteria. The present study includes the remaining 48 articles. Discussion: Resveratrol demonstrates beneficial and protective effects in AD models and seems to provide a promising therapeutic alternative. Conclusion: Although resveratrol appears to mitigate some pathophysiological aspects of AD, further studies are needed to prove the safety and efficacy of this compound in humans.
Validity and reliability of the 12-item Berg Balance Scale in an Italian population with Parkinson’s disease: A cross sectional study
Authors: BERARDI Anna , GALEOTO Giovanni , VALENTE Donatella , CONTE Antonella , FABBRINI Giovanni , TOFANI Marco
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Background: The Berg Balance Scale is widely used to measure balance ability in clinical practice. Recently, the original version was redefined from 14 into 12 items. Its psychometric properties were investigated for different populations. However, for Parkinson disease the new version has not been validated yet. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the 12-item Berg Balance Scale (BBS-12) in a population with Parkinson disease. Methods: Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, whereas reliability was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient. For validity analysis, the Pearson correlation coefficient of the BBS-12 was evaluated with the Tinetti Scale and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly. Results: The BBS-12 was applied to 50 individuals with a mean age of 65.6 years (SD 11.8). The internal consistency showed a good value (Cronbach's alpha 0.886) and reproducibility reveled very high performances for both inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities (ICC 0.987 and 0.986, respectively). The validity study demonstrated good linear correlation with the Tinetti Scale (p<0.01) and with the Sport and Home Subscales of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (p<0.01). Conclusions: The present findings revealed the BBS-12 as a reliable and valid assessment tool to measure balance ability in Parkinson disease. Italian health professionals can now use it with more confidence.
Maternal-child nursing care for adolescent mothers: health education
Authors: Andrade Raquel Dully , Hilário Jeniffer Stephanie Marques , Santos Jaqueline Silva , Silva José de Paula , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Mello Débora Falleiros de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop an educational intervention through a game that addresses aspects related to adolescent motherhood and child care. Methods: this is an action research based on diagnosis, intervention and apprehension stages. Results: the situational diagnosis was based on a literature review on adolescent motherhood and child care. In the intervention stage, the educational game’s first version was elaborated. In the third stage constituted by apprehension, the game was submitted to assessment of interdisciplinary experts. Suggestions of experts were adopted and the game had its second version. Final Considerations: the educational intervention in the present study appears a care technology that adds knowledge and practices to the work of nurses in Primary Health Care, focusing on adolescent women and children health care.
Teaching in health residencies: knowledge of preceptors under Shulman's analysis
Authors: Ribeiro Kátia Regina Barros , Prado Marta Lenise do , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Mendes Neyse Pratícia do Nascimento , Mororó Deborah Dinorah de Sá
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand how the pedagogical knowledge that integrates the basic knowledge of teaching is perceived by preceptors in residents' teaching-learning process. Methods: a qualitative research conducted by semi-structured interview from December 2013 to July 2014, with 31 preceptors of residency programs of three university hospitals in northeastern Brazil. For analysis, the Grounded Theory's proposal was used and supported by Atlas ti(r) 7.0 software. Results: preceptors integrate preceptorship with basic teaching knowledge proposed by Lee Shulman, with emphasis on General Pedagogical Knowledge when seeking strategies to better work on specific and disciplinary content, and Pedagogical Content Knowledge when adapting content to make it comprehensible to residents. Final Considerations: the study allowed us to understand how Shulman's basic knowledge of teaching is perceived by preceptors. It is recognized that they integrate knowledge into the preceptorship, highlighting the General and Pedagogical Content Knowledge.
Understanding the dramatic therapeutic play session: a contribution to pediatric nursing
Authors: Santos Vera Lucia Alves dos , Almeida Fabiane de Amorim , Ceribelli Carina , Ribeiro Circéa Amália
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand how the dramatic therapeutic play session occurs within the care of hospitalized children. Methods: qualitative multiple case study, using theoretical references, such as symbolic interactionism and Vygotsky’s theory of symbolic play. Twenty play sessions performed with six children from 3 to 10 years old were analyzed, each corresponding to one case. Results: these sessions demonstrated that a dramatic therapeutic play session is a process of four interdependent and complementary steps: bonding, exploring, dramatizing, and play cessation. They also revealed the imaginary situations externalized by the child, the importance of the exploration step for which they manage the imaginary situation and catharsis, and how her higher psychological faculties are articulated during this process. Final Considerations: the results contribute to the understanding of the conduct and analysis of the dramatic therapeutic play session, reinforcing the importance of its use in pediatric nursing care practice.
Usability of a mobile application on diabetic foot self-care
Authors: Marques Antonio Dean Barbosa , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Jorge Thaís Vaz , Rabelo Sara Maria Soares , Carvalho Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de , Felipe Gilvan Ferreira
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess the usability of an app prototype for diabetic foot self-care by an end user. Methods: a descriptive study that uses heuristic assessment of a hybrid app usability. Fifteen users of an outpatient diabetes care service in a capital of Northeastern Brazil participated in the study during April 2018. The usability measurement tool called Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE was applied. Results: the lowest score was 77 and the highest was 112, with an average usability of 96.1 points. Usability was framed in the last two levels, 70 and 8o. Users now strongly agree (level 70) and fully (level 80) with the assessed items, which represents good usability of the apps prototype. Conclusions: the final product developed focuses on user needs and requirements, which can ensure usability based on effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction triad.
Evidence related to sodium restriction in patients with heart failure
Authors: Sousa Mailson Marques de , Gouveia Bernadete de Lourdes André , Almeida Taciana da Costa Farias , Freire Maria Eliane Moreira , Melo Francisco de Assis Brito Pereira de , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the scientific production about sodium restriction in patients with heart failure. Methods: integrative literature review from articles published from 2007 to 2017, located in the CINAHL and Scopus databases. Results: thirteen studies were analyzed. Sodium intake restriction was associated with lower unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with marked symptomatology. The 24-hour urine sodium dosage was the main tool to assess adherence to the low sodium diet. Conclusions: based on the studies included in this review, in symptomatic patients, dietary sodium restriction should be encouraged in clinical practice as a protective measure for health. However, in asymptomatic patients, it should be well studied.
Risk factors for site complications of intravenous therapy in children and adolescents with cancer
Authors: Santos Luciano Marques dos , Silva Cleonara Sousa Gomes e , Machado Elis Souza , Almeida André Henrique do Vale , Silva Carlos Alberto Lima da , Silva Bianka Sousa Martins , Avelar Ariane Ferreira Machado
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze predictive factors for the incidence of complications related to peripheral venous catheters in children and adolescents with cancer. Methods: a longitudinal follow-up study, conducted at a pediatric oncology clinic unit of a hospital in Bahia, with 333 peripheral venous catheters inserted in 77 children and 26 adolescents. Data collection took place between April 2015 and December 2016 through direct observation of peripheral intravenous catheter insertion, medical record data collection and daily observation of the puncture site. Results: the incidence of complications was 18.6%. The modeling of the variables confirmed that the risk factors for complications in children/adolescents with cancer were: prolonged peripheral intravenous therapy (p=0.002), history of complications (p=0.000), non-irritating/vesicant medications (p=0.003) and vesicant solutions (p=0.000). Conclusions: the goal has been achieved. Results can contribute to the theoretical, practical and social context.
Selective conservative treatment for anterior abdominal gunshot: a literature narrative review
Authors: SILVA FRANCISCO EDUARDO , SORRENTINO BRUNA DE CARVALHO
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The nonoperative treatment of anterior abdominal gunshot wounds remains controversial. This article presents a narrative review of the literature after the selection of studies in electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Lilacs), with the intention of evaluating the clinical and diagnostic tools that should be part of conservative selective approach of these lesions. It was observed that a nonoperative selective treatment can be effectively and safely used, when performed by a trained interdisciplinary team, working in adequate trauma centers. The selective nonoperative treatment is associated with a decrease in negative and nontherapeutic laparotomies, reducing the incidence of complications. It also contributes to the reduction of hospital costs.
Plate-screw and screw-washer stability in a Schatzker type-I lateral tibial plateau fracture: a comparative biomechanical study
Authors: GIORDANO VINCENZO , BELANGERO WILLIAM DIAS , SÁ BRENNO DE ARAÚJO , RIVAS DANIELA , SOUTO DANILO , PORTNOI EDUARDO , MARIOLANI JOSÉ RICARDO , KOCH HILTON AUGUSTO
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical role of both a non-locking two-hole small fragment dynamic compression plate with 3.5-mm screws and a 4.5-mm cortical screw with a washer applied to a Schatzker type-I tibial plateau fracture. Sixteen right synthetic tibiae were used to create an anterolateral shear tibial plateau fracture (Schatzker type-I fracture). Eight models were fixed with a small fragment non-locked straight dynamic compression plate with one 3.5-mm bicortical screw (plate-screw construction) and eight models were fixed with a 4.5-mm cortical screw and a washer (screw-washer construction), both inserted at 1.0 mm distal to the apex of the fracture. Specimens were tested up to the onset of yielding at a constant strain rate of 5.0-mm/min. Stiffness ranged from 311.83 N/mm to 199.54 N/mm, with a mean + SD of 260.32 + 33.8 N/mm in the plate-screw construction, and from 290.34 N/mm to 99.16 N/mm, with a mean + SD of 220.46 + 63.12 N/mm in screw-washer construction. There was no significant difference (p=0.172). Use of a two-hole small-fragment non-locked plate with one 3.5-mm cortical screw or a 4.5-mm cortical screw with a washer applied at 1.0 mm distal to the apex of the fracture as buttressing present similar stiffness in terms of preventing axial displacement in synthetic tibiae models tested up to the onset of yielding.
Campo evangélico y sociedad civil: sobre los procesos de minoritización y el desplazamiento de matrices analíticas
Authors: Panotto Nicolás
Published: June 2020

Resumen: El presente artículo tiene por objetivo abrir algunos debates en torno a las mutaciones de la incidencia política de grupos evangélicos, a partir de la resignificación de algunos conceptos-eje, como los de espacio público, identidad religiosa y los nuevos escenarios de la relación con la sociedad civil, especialmente en términos globales. Desde este marco, el concepto de minoritización llevará a precisar las dinámicas políticas del campo evangélico dentro de este escenario, para luego utilizar como ejemplo los actuales procesos de auto-comprensión evangélica desde el uso de la llamada “agenda valórica” y el lugar de creciente visibilización que los evangélicos están teniendo dentro del sistema interamericano y otros proyectos de alcance regional.
Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus: entre o “plano de poder” e a lógica de minoria perseguida
Authors: Camurça Marcelo
Published: June 2020

Resumo: A literatura acadêmica sobre a Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD) tem privilegiado o seu lado expansionista religioso e de conquista de poder político. Porém, um olhar mais acurado pode perceber outra maneira, pela qual a igreja constrói sua imagem pública, a de minoria perseguida. A partir de uma discussão conceitual sobre a noção de minoria aplicada ao caso brasileiro, procuro desenvolver indicadores, através dos quais se pode identificar uma lógica de minoria regendo, ao lado de sua vocação para o poder, a dinâmica de atuação pública e política da igreja. São estes os indicadores: seu pragmatismo político, sua postura de realizar alianças e de se mostrar respeitando às mediações políticas e sociais, dentro de um quadro de pluralismo religioso no país.
Religiões Afro-Indo-Brasileiras e Esfera Pública: um ensaio de classificação de suas formas de presença
Authors: Campos Roberta Bivar Carneiro , Neri Raoni
Published: June 2020

Resumo: No trabalho em tela, analisamos as relações entre as religiões afro-indo-brasileiras e a esfera pública, lançando um olhar atento às formas, aos procedimentos e às relações através dos quais essas religiões se projetam na esfera pública. A partir de dados da observação da realidade empírica da atuação do povo de santo na esfera pública e da análise da literatura socioantropológica que trata da referida questão, pretendemos sistematizar suas formas de presença pública. A forma cultural tem se mostrado historicamente mais comum; contudo, frisamos que o afro-indo-brasileiro já não se reduz a ela em seu modo de inserção pública. Evidenciamos aqui seis formas de presença: a cultural, a cultura de massa, a retomada da estrutura institucional de dependência, a judicialização, a patrimonialização e a festa pública.
Religiones de matriz afro y nuevos activismos políticos al interior del Conurbano Bonaerense
Authors: Irazabal Mariana Abalos
Published: June 2020

Resumen: El artículo analizará la relación entre religiones de matriz afro y política al interior del Conurbano Bonaerense, empleando la noción de “nueva cultura activista” (Pleyers, 2018). Actualmente están emergiendo organizaciones afro-religiosas que adoptan una nueva lógica de acción que defiende las relaciones horizontales y el planeamiento colectivo de actividades, a diferencia de los modos tradicionales de acción colectiva de los movimientos sociales, verticales y jerárquicos. Las acciones toman un fuerte anclaje territorial y las redes socio-digitales adquieren una relevancia central. Se trabajará a partir del caso de Congregaciones Afroumbandistas Solidarias Asociadas, una agrupación político-religiosa de Esteban Echeverría; y el caso de Arte, Pasión y Sabiduría, un grupo de tamboreros autoconvocados que organizan ceremonias religiosas con fines solidarios en San Miguel.
Paganismos, religião e atuação pública: uma comparação de discursos e práticas neopagãs no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Cordovil Daniela
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Esta pesquisa pretende elucidar algumas das características do neopaganismo no Brasil e em Portugal, especialmente no que diz respeito a sua presença no espaço público e sua influência na formação de opiniões com relação a temas sensíveis da atualidade, como o meio ambiente e as questões de gênero. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir das ferramentas da observação participante e de entrevistas junto a duas associações civis que congregam neopagãos no Brasil e em Portugal. Como resultado, foi encontrada uma diferenciação nos discursos relacionados à sexualidade e ao feminismo entre os grupos neopagãos brasileiros e portugueses. Por outro lado, percebeu-se afinidades nos discursos concernentes ao tema da ecologia.
Trabalhadores rurais, Igreja Católica e Reforma Agrária: conquista de terras no Vale do Rio Doce de Minas Gerais durante a década de 1980
Authors: Oliveira Fabrício Roberto Costa , Zangelmi Arnaldo José
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O objetivo deste texto é analisar uma mobilização de luta pela terra no Vale do Rio Doce de Minas Gerais durante a década de 1980, descortinando especificidades importantes em relação às militâncias pela reforma agrária naquele contexto. Tratou-se de uma mobilização coletiva de trabalhadores rurais, mediada por um longo processo de formação que envolveu cursos, reuniões e participação em outras atividades promovidas e/ou legitimadas por agentes da Igreja Católica. Para a realização dessa pesquisa, utilizamos entrevistas de história oral e análise de documentos eclesiásticos e particulares. Evidenciou-se uma conquista de terras efetivada com a combinação híbrida de ideias políticas e concepções religiosas que foram decisivas em todo o processo social.
Visceral leishmaniasis control actions: epidemiological indicators for its effectiveness evaluation in a Brazilian urban area
Authors: Morais Maria Helena Franco , Sabroza Paulo Chagastelles , Pessanha José Eduardo , Sobral Andrea
Published: June 2020

Abstract: This research applies indicators concerning control of the visceral leishmaniasis canine reservoir in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Data were obtained from the Zoonoses Control Information System (SCZOO) and the Brazilian Information System on Diseases of Notification (SINAN) database. First we analyzed (i) existing associations between canine epidemiological indicators, where the dependent variable was the canine seroprevalence A (2007 to 2013), and the independent variables were, as follows: canine seroprevalence B (2006 to 2012); percentage of positive dogs by ELISA test reagents that were not euthanized; the relationship between the human and canine population; canine population testing coverage by census surveys; and the years of study (2006 to 2013); (ii) then, we examined the association between human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) cases between 2007 to 2013 and the mentioned variables related to dogs and years. Statistical analysis was done by a generalized linear model (GLM). One unit increases in canine seroprevalence B and canine seroprevalence A were associated to 13% and 12% increases in HVL rates, respectively. The increase in one human/dog ratio unit was associated with a 13% decrease in HVL rates. Canine seroprevalence, human/dog ratio and non-euthanasia of ELISA-reactive dogs in the environment were adequate indicators for analyzing the canine enzootic transmission and the occurrence of HVL cases.
A morning with Louis Pasteur: a short history of the “clean hands”
Authors: Daniel-Ribeiro Cláudio Tadeu , Lima Marli Maria
Published: June 2020

Abstract: This article examines the story of Louis Pasteur from the point of view of a classic movie presented at the Weekly Seminars of the “Oswaldo Cruz Institute”, at the end of the 2017 activities. Although very old, the movie The Story of Louis Pasteur (Warner Bros., 1936) inspired spectators and gave rise to an energetic debate that led the authors to decide for publishing the comments of the Seminar Coordinator, the guest commentator and the audience. The movie communicates to the public the legacy of one of the greatest precursors of the public health history using also fictional characters. The article presents the reliable passages in Pasteur’s biography and the fictional ones, without disrespecting the production of the creators of cinematographic work. The major merit of the movie, one of the first steps towards the policy of scientific diffusion, is to disclose the importance of vaccines and hand hygiene to prevent infectious diseases. The authors argue that the film-maker impeccably captured the scientist’s tenacity in the relentless search for discoveries and Pasteur’s idea that only persistent work can lead to rewarding results, remembering that the context created by previous researchers enabled Pasteur to establish new paradigms. Finally, the authors cite movie passages illustrating realities that are still in force: (i) the inertial resistance of science to new paradigms, illustrated by the medical-scientific community opposing to simple practices proposition, such as washing hands and boiling instruments, and (ii) the excessive confidence, and even arrogance, of some specialists, instead of serenity and humility that arise from committed study and accumulated knowledge.
Promoção de atividade física e as políticas públicas no combate às desigualdades: reflexões a partir da Lei dos Cuidados Inversos e Hipótese da Equidade Inversa
Authors: Crochemore-Silva Inácio , Knuth Alan G. , Mielke Gregore Iven , Loch Mathias Roberto
Published: June 2020

O presente Ensaio apresenta uma reflexão com base em algumas formas vigentes de promoção de atividade física, propondo visibilidade a atividades de lazer e suas desigualdades. O cenário atual de (aumento das) desigualdades e a importância do seu enfrentamento, destacando a pertinência das políticas públicas, são apresentados e discutidos à luz de duas teorias: a Hipótese da Equidade Inversa e a Lei dos Cuidados Inversos. A Hipótese da Equidade Inversa busca compreender como as desigualdades tendem a se estabelecer em indicadores de saúde, partindo de aumento esperado dessas desigualdades quando surgem inovações em saúde que atingem inicialmente os mais privilegiados social e economicamente. Já a Lei dos Cuidados Inversos destaca que a disponibilidade de uma atenção adequada em saúde tende a variar inversamente à necessidade da população. Nesse sentido, ao relacionar as teorias e a promoção de atividade física de lazer, o presente ensaio defende a ampliação das políticas públicas, buscando evitar o aumento das desigualdades. São as políticas públicas e a vinculação com o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e com seus princípios que precisam ser compreendidas como prioridade. É nessa perspectiva que acreditamos em um avanço de ações de promoção das atividades físicas de lazer contextualizadas socialmente que sejam capazes de priorizar aqueles que mais necessitam.
O diagnóstico do HIV/aids em homens heterossexuais: a surpresa permanece mesmo após mais de 30 anos de epidemia
Authors: Knauth Daniela Riva , Hentges Bruna , Macedo Juliana Lopes de , Pilecco Flavia Bulegon , Teixeira Luciana Barcellos , Leal Andréa Fachel
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Os homens são o principal grupo afetado pela infecção do HIV no Brasil, com tendência de crescimento nos últimos dez anos. Nos dados oficiais, os homens heterossexuais representam 49% dos casos, os homossexuais 38% e os bissexuais 9,1%. Os homens heterossexuais ficaram subsumidos na categoria de “população geral”, não recebendo destaque em políticas ou ações de prevenção. O presente artigo se propõe a analisar as circunstâncias e estratégias por meio das quais os homens heterossexuais descobrem o diagnóstico do HIV. Busca-se, assim, compreender os caminhos percorridos, bem como os atores sociais envolvidos no diagnóstico de HIV/aids. Os dados analisados resultam de uma pesquisa qualitativa na qual foram entrevistados 36 homens vivendo com HIV/aids que não se identificam como homossexuais e/ou bissexuais. Esses homens foram contatados em três serviços especializados em aids de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os resultados indicam que eles se consideram imunes ao HIV, sendo o diagnóstico um evento inesperado. As mulheres (parceiras afetivo-sexuais e/ou ex-parceiras) são peças fundamentais para o diagnóstico masculino, pois revelam, seja pelo pré-natal, seja pelo adoecimento, a presença do HIV. Uma parcela importante dos homens se descobre soropositivo por ocasião de alguma doença, como a tuberculose, ou após várias idas e vindas dos serviços de saúde. A busca pela testagem de forma espontânea só acontece mediante a identificação de situações e sinais associados a uma possível contaminação. Os homens heterossexuais possuem poucas oportunidades de diagnóstico do HIV e, para além do gênero, são sujeitos à vulnerabilidade programática.
Validação brasileira dos bancos de itens Distúrbio do Sono e Distúrbio da Vigília do Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)
Authors: Costa Zilma Maria Severino Silva e , Pinto Rogério de Melo Costa , Mendonça Tânia Maria da Silva , Silva Carlos Henrique Martins da
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi validar a versão brasileira dos bancos de itens Distúrbio do Sono e Distúrbio da Vigília do Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). A validação desses bancos de itens foi feita por meio da Teoria Clássica dos Testes, Teoria de Resposta ao Item, calibração dos itens conforme o modelo de resposta gradual proposto por Samejima e análise do Funcionamento Diferencial do Item (DIF), sendo a amostra constituída por 627 participantes com mais de 18 anos. Em relação à qualidade dos dados, observou-se que não houve dados perdidos, e cinco itens do banco Distúrbio do Sono e quatro itens do banco Distúrbio da Vigília tiveram efeito piso, e nenhum dos bancos apresentou efeito teto. Os dois bancos mostraram excelente confiabilidade com uma escala homogênea e boa estabilidade temporal. Com a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, através dos índices de qualidade de ajuste absoluto e incremental, verificou-se um bom ajuste para os dois bancos, o que revela que os instrumentos são válidos e suficientemente unidimensionais. A calibração evidenciou que as propriedades psicométricas dos itens foram satisfatórias com boa cobertura do construto sono-vigília. No tocante ao DIF, tanto o banco Distúrbio do Sono quanto o banco Distúrbio da Vigília mostraram ser homogêneos para os diferentes grupos testados. Pode-se concluir que a versão para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil dos bancos de itens Distúrbio do Sono e Distúrbio da Vigília do PROMIS demonstrou ser uma medida confiável, precisa e válida, com análises psicométricas robustas.
Validation of device for detection of metallic foreign bodies in cattle
Authors: Carvalho Maria Luisa de Andrade , Soares Renata Luisa , Dÿck Hugo Richard , Schartner Gunther , Vieira Edilson José , Torres Ricardo Diego , Ollhoff Rüdiger Daniel
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: The ingestion of foreign bodies, mainly metallic (MFB- metallic foreign body), by cattle is frequent and can lead to death. For diagnostic purposes, reticular pain tests are routinely used, and ferroscopy is still unusual, even as a diagnostic aid. The objective of this study was to validate the application of the GMS 120 Professional BOSCH® metal detector (MD) in the detection of MFB in the bovine species and describe its use in field cases. Fifty MFBs of varying shape, size, and weight were evaluated with an MD, initially on a flat and inert surface, and then in a permanent rumen fistulated cow. Retrospectively, a database from 2000 to 2017 with 122015 cattle was accessed, of which 31865 were examined after the introduction of MD usage in 2013. Fifteen cows positive for reticular pain tests were prospectively evaluated and eight cows were diagnosed with MFB through MD usage. The mean distance for MFB best detection on the inert surface was 4.6 cm. In the fistulated cow, it was not possible to detect any MFBs, regardless of the size or weight of the material. The MFB detection capacity increased with MD use, which can be considered a diagnostic aid in specific situations. Depending on the body condition of the bovine, false negatives may occur with the use of GMS 120 Professional Bosch® metal detector.
Crotalaria species in succession to soybean for the management of Pratylenchus brachyurus
Authors: Cruz Thays Torquato , Asmus Guilherme Lafourcarde , Garcia Rodrigo Arroyo
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Soybean is the main agricultural crop in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It is primarily cultivated in a crop succession system, in wich soybean is grown in spring/summer, followed by corn or graminaceous pastures in autumn/winter as a second crop. Due to the intensive cultivation, new phytosanitary problems have arisen, among them the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, which besides causing damage to plant roots, can be important gateway for other soil pathogens. The recent occurrence of high nematode population densities has brought great concern due to the limited resistant soybean genotypes available. Besides, the use of nematicides only reduces nematodes populations temporarily. A viable alternative for the control of soil nematodes could be the use of Crotalaria spp. in succession or rotation with soybean. Crotalaria is immune or a bad host to the nematode, besides having high capacity of biological nitrogen fixation. Thus, the objective of the present research was to define the best way of insertion of this legume as a second crop in soybean production systems to reduce the population density of the root-lesion nematode. Two experiments were carried out: one in the field, in an infested area, and other in a greenhouse. In both experiments, the treatments were: 1) Zea mays, 2) Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés,, 3) Z. mays + Crotalaria spectabilis, 4) Z. mays + C. ochroleuca, 5) B. brizantha cv. Xaraés + C. spectabilis, 6) B. brizantha cv. Xaraés + C. ochroleuca, 7) C. spectabilis, and 8) C. ochroleuca. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by estimating the number of nematodes in the roots of autumn/winter crops, as well as in the roots of the soybean cultivated in the sequence. The cultivation of both Crotalaria species provided suppression of the nematode population. However, when intercropped with corn or Xaraés palisade grass, the suppressive effect of Crotalaria was supplanted by corn and Xaraés palisadegrass susceptibility to the root-lesion nematode.
Yield increase of corn inoculated with a commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculant in Brazil
Authors: Stoffel Shantau Camargo Gomes , Soares Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa , Meyer Edenilson , Lovato Paulo Emílio , Giachini Admir José
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in plant growth. However, there are no reports of legally commercialized AMF-based inoculants for agricultural crops in Brazil. The objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of a Rhizophagus intraradices inoculant in combination with phosphate fertilization in grain yield of corn under different edaphoclimatic conditions in Brazil. Experiments were conducted in five Brazilian states (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina) in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, with two inoculation treatments (inoculated and non-inoculated seeds) and three doses of phosphate fertilization (0, 50 and 100% of the recommended P). At the end of the crop cycle (stages R4-R5), inoculation provided increases in biomass (average of 48%) regardless of the applied dose of P, higher P absorption, and 54% average increase in grain yield. In conclusion, the mycorrhizal inoculant increases biomass yield, P uptake and corn grain yield under different edaphoclimatic conditions in Brazil, especially in soils that originally had low or medium levels of available P.
Estimation of sediments produced in a subbasin using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
Authors: Lense Guilherme Henrique Expedito , Moreira Rodrigo Santos , Bócoli Fernanda Almeida , Avanzi Junior Cesar , Teodoro Alexandre Elias de Miranda , Mincato Ronaldo Luiz
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Among the parameters considered by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), the soil cover and management factor (C) is the main human influenced factor affecting the estimation of water erosion, and one of the most sensitive to spatiotemporal variations. Consequently, this study aims to compare the efficiency of C factor estimates obtained from the literature for each land-use class (Clit) and by calculation based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (CNDVI). We test the hypothesis that soil loss estimates based on CNDVI approach are more accurate than those based on Clit. Water erosion was estimated based on soil morphological, physical, and chemical properties in addition to climate, relief, management practices, and land use and cover. The modeling steps were realized with the help of the Geographic Information System. The results were validated using the data of total sediment transported with water discharge and daily runoff. RUSLE underestimated soil losses by 0.64 Mg ha-1 year-1 using Clit and 0.45 Mg ha-1 year-1 with CNDVI, which corresponds to errors of 21.05% and 14.80%, respectively. Therefore, the CNDVI factor results are more accurate. Both methodologies identified areas with high erosion rates where the adoption of mitigation measures should be prioritized.
Access to care during labor and delivery and safety to maternal health
Authors: Franchi Juliana Vicente de Oliveira , Pelloso Sandra Marisa , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta , Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel
Published: June 2020

Objective: to analyze the time of access to care during labor and delivery and the safety of maternal health. Method: cross-sectional analytical study, carried out in five maternity hospitals, four of which are of habitual and intermediate risk and one of high risk. For data collection, data from the maternal medical record and interviews with the puerperal woman were used. In the data analysis, the Chi-square test (p≤0.05) was performed to search for possible associations between the independent variables - model three delays and dependents [Adverse maternal outcomes], [Knowledge about labor/delivery] and [Service satisfaction]. Results: statistical significance was observed between the adverse maternal outcome and the delay in looking for a health service (p = 0.005) and the delay in transport to the maternity hospital (p = 0.050), while the outcome knowledge about labor/delivery showed statistical association with delay in looking for a health service (p = 0.048). There was no statistically significant difference between the three delays model and satisfaction with the care. Conclusion: the women’s knowledge about labor and delivery and the time of access to obstetric care negatively interferes with the maternal outcome at delivery, which directly impacts maternal health safety.
Supervised internship in undergraduate nursing courses in the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Esteves Larissa Sapucaia Ferreira , Cunha Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm , Bohomol Elena
Published: June 2020

Objective: to analyze how nursing courses in the State of São Paulo, Brazil have operationalized the supervised curricular internship and to identify those that approach the recommendations proposed by the National Curriculum Guidelines. Method: a quantitative, descriptive-exploratory study. The sample consisted of 38 course coordinators. The data collection instrument was developed based on the Curricular Guidelines. Data collection took place electronically and, for data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: the undergraduate schools have developed internships for a mean of 860.4 hours in primary and tertiary care settings, with learning based on professional practice being the main teaching method. Formative assessment is the predominant mode of assessment, and nurses from health institutions participate in 44.7% of courses. The mean score obtained was 3.1 points (scale from 1 to 5), with the evaluation processes used being the most influential factor (p<0.001). Conclusion: the courses have partially met the educational legislation regarding the hours and participation of professionals from health institutions granting internship field, which can compromise the quality of training and the safety of care.
Construction of professional identity in nursing students: qualitative research from the historical-cultural perspective
Authors: Lima Rogério Silva , Silva Marta Angélica Iossi , Andrade Luciane Sá de , Góes Fernanda Dos Santos Nogueira De , Mello Maria Aparecida , Gonçalves Marlene Fagundes Carvalho
Published: June 2020

Objective: to analyze the process of professional identity construction in undergraduate nursing students during their education. Method: qualitative research, anchored in the Historical-Cultural framework. Twenty-three undergraduate nursing students took part. Data were collected through individual interviews, with a semi-structured script. Thematic Analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: the following four themes were obtained, “The subject in movement to become a nurse: from previous experiences to entering the courses”; “The nursing professor in the construction of the undergraduate’s professional identity: a two-way mirror”; “Pedagogical relationship: instrument for constructing the student’s professional identity” and “Historical-cultural conditions: space for the construction of the student’s professional identity”. Conclusion: the construction of the students’ professional identity is limited to the material conditions of existence, translating appropriation to the intrapsychic scope of elements that occur, first, in the inter-psychological space of interactions. Nursing professors can become a paradoxical mirror, with one face to be imitated and the other, which materializes meanings of a model not to be followed. This construction is also influenced by the conditions of professional practice and university education.