bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing integrated biology teaching material with Qur’an and Sunnah value
Authors: Siti Robiah  , Ibnu Hajar  , Ferazona Sepita , Lestari Desi Tri
Published: March 2024

This research aims to produce integrated biology teaching materials with the values of the Al-Qur’an and As-Sunnah that are valid and effective in improving cognitive, psychomotor, and strengthening students' faith and devotion. This development research (R&D) uses the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, i.e. analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data collection techniques used were literature studies, observations, interviews, questionnaires, and tests. Data collection instruments used include interview sheets, validation sheets, questionnaire sheets, pre-test and post-test question sheets, observation sheets, and checklists. The teaching materials were validated by three validators (material experts, learning experts, Al-Qur’an/Hadist experts), and practitioners from several biology teachers from different schools. The data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively (triangulation). The research results showed that the teaching materials developed met the very valid category based on the assessment of material experts, learning experts, Al-Qur’an/Hadist experts, and practitioners. Moreover, the products received excellent responses from the students. The teaching materials could improve students’ cognitive and psychomotor and also increase students' values of faith and piety. Further action will be extended to schools, especially schools with Islamic nuances so that they can be used both as self-taught materials for students and as teaching materials for teachers to use in the learning process.
Development of GOFIN (Google form interactive)-based on the short story worksheet with differentiated learning approach
Authors: Fatimah Khusnul , Damayanti Rima , Wahyuni Sri , Werdiningsih Dyah , Imrotin I.
Published: March 2024

The availability of interactive-based student worksheets that also take into account differences in learning styles is necessary to address the challenges of the digital era in teaching short story writing. This research aims to develop Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on Gofin (Interactive Google Form) for short story text learning with the application of a differentiated approach that is suitable for interests, abilities, and learning styles. This developmental research adapts the ADDIE model and carries out three steps, namely analysis, design, and development. The implementation and evaluation steps are conducted in subsequent research. The research results indicate that this LKPD is highly suitable and engaging with a material validity rate of 87%, media validity of 83%, and student response of 96%. This LKPD is designed to accommodate differences in students' learning styles (kinesthetic, auditory, visual) so that learning objectives can be maximally achieved.
Penambahan Tepung Kulit Pisang Terfermentasi Dalam Ransum Terhadap Komposisi Karkas Ayam Kampung
Authors: I Nyoman Putra Anugrah Agastya  , Yan Tonga  , Ni Ketut Mardewi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of adding fermented banana peel flour in the ration to the physical composition of native chicken carcasses. Design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications, while. The treatments were R0 (Native Chicken that was not given fermented banana peel flour), R1 (Native chicken fed a ration containing 2.5% of fermented banana peel flour), R2 ( Native Chicken fed a ration containing 5% fermented banana peel flour) R3 (Native chickens were given a ration containing 7.5% fermented banana peel flour) and R4 (Native chickens were given a 10% fermented banana peel flour). Ration fermented banana peel flour had a significant effect (P<0.05) on meat weight, skin and subcutaneous fat on the thigh chart, while the effect was not significant (P>0.05) on the weight of meat, bone, skin and subcutaneous fat of the chest and thigh bones
Respon Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Jarak Tanam Dan Jenis Pupuk Organik
Authors: FLAVIANUS BUDIAS  , I Gusti Bagus Udayana  , , Anak Agung Ngurah Mayun Wirajaya
Published: March 2024

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat sebagai campuran bumbu masak. Bawang merah juga sebagai bahan obat untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol, gula darah, mencegah penggumpalan darah, menurunkan tekanan darah serta memperlancar aliran darah. Dalam dunia pertanian salah satu upaya untuk mendukung pertumbuhan bawang merah adalah dengan  pemupukan, pemupukan bertujuan untuk menambah unsur hara yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman, serta dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik, sifat kimia, dan sifat biologi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam dan jenis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

          Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret 2022 sampai bulan Juni 2022 di Subak Rapuan, Desa Mas, Kecamatan Ubud, Kabupaten Gianyar dengan ketinggian tempat 400 mdpl. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktorial dengan menggunakan Rancangan Dasar yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang dicoba terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam (J) yang terdiri dari  J1 (20 cm x 10 cm), J2 (20 cm x 15 cm) dan J3 (20 cm x 20 cm). Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah jenis pupuk organik  (P) yang terdiri dari pupuk kandang kelinci 30 ton ha-1, pupuk kandang ayam 30 ton ha-1 dan pupuk kandang sapi 30 ton ha-1.

            Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi dan perlakuan jarak tanam berpengaruh tidak nyata pada seluruh variabel yang diamati. Perlakuan jenis pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata hingga sangat nyata pada perlakuan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah umbi per rumpun, berat segar umbi per rumpun dan berat kering oven umbi per rumpun, sedangkan berat segar berangkasan per rumpun, berat kering oven  berangkasan per rumpun dan indeks panen berpengaruh tidak nyata. Berat segar maupun berat kering umbi per rumpun tertinggi  diperoleh pada jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm  yaitu 91,11 g dan 20 cm x 15 cm yaitu 20,42 g bila dibandingkan dengan hasil terendah pada perlakuan jarak tanam 20 cm x 10 cm mengalami peningkatan 21,51 % dan 28,26 %. Berat segar umbi maupun berat kering oven umbi per rumpun tertinggi cenderung diperoleh pada perlakuan pupuk kandang kelinci 30 ton ha-1 yaitu seberat 94,74 g dan 23,00 g, bila dibandingkan dengan hasil terendah pada perlakuan pupuk kandang ayam 30 ton ha-1 yaitu seberat 67,51 g dan 12,57 g mengalami peningkatan 40,33 % dan 82,97 %.
Serum Level of Vitamin K as Predicts Mortality in Iraqi COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Al-Mosawei Haneen Saeed  Muhsen , Al-Sultani Hanaa Addai Ali , Al-Tu’ma Fadhil Jawad
Published: March 2024

Objectives: The aim of the presented study is to evaluate the discriminative ability of vitamin K markers for predicting, monitoring, and a prognosis of severity patients of Covid -19 .
Methods: In this case-control study, a maximum of sixty patients (30–50 years old) were included. The patients' diagnoses were made using quantitative RT-PCR and a chest X-ray or CT scan performed seven to thirteen days after the onset of symptoms. Murray ratings were utilized to categorize COVID-19 patients based on the severity of their illness. (60) individuals of the same age and gender who appeared to be in good health were included in this study as a control group in order to compare the outcomes. The measurement of serum vitamin K was applied to all patients and healthy individuals.
Results: The group of COVID-19 patients had a lower serum vitamin K level (612.32 ± 106.76 vs. 1198.95 ± 151.59 ng/ml, p = 0.0001) than the healthy control group. Furthermore, we discovered a negative correlation between serum vitamin K levels and COVID-19.
Conclusion: The current findings showed that, when compared to healthy controls, patients with COVID-19 had decreased vitamin K levels, particularly in severe cases. These low levels suggest that COVID-19 patients may be more likely to die. These results imply that vitamin K may be involved in the COVID-19 disease processes.
School Well-Being dan Motivasi Belajar pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Wahyudi Muhammad Farhan Kusuma , Wisudawati Winy Nila
Published: March 2024

Siswa memiliki hak untuk mendapatkan school well-being dalam belajar demi menggapai cita-cita yang diinginkan. Adapun school well-being dalam belajar siswa belum banyak diperhatikan seperti yang sangat berakibat menurunnya motivasi belajar siswa menunjukkan pada sampel kelas 10 dan 12. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar hubungan school well-being dengan motivasi belajar siswa di SMA Islam Asysyakirin Kota Tangerang. Adapun responden yang didapat 115 siswa jumlah keseluruhan siswa dari kelas 10, 11, 12 dengan menggunakan sampel jenuh. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala school well-being berdasarkan diadaptasi oleh peneliti yang berjumlah 16 item dan skala motivasi belajar menurut diadaptasi oleh peneliti yang berjumlah 19 item. menggunakan uji korelasi pearson menghasilkan nilai persentase school well-being dan motivasi belajar 33,7% pada siswa SMA Islam Asysyakirin Kota Tangerang. Artinya school well-being berkorelasi positif atau berhubungan positif searah dengan motivasi belajar pada siswa SMA Asysyakirin Kota Tangerang. Menggunakan uji crosstabs untuk memperkuat adanya hubungan pada variabel school well-being dengan motivasi belajar menghasilkan nilai pearson chi-square 0,038 < 0,05 pada kelas 11.
Social Comparison dan Life Satisfaction pada Dewasa Awal Pengguna Media Sosial
Authors: Rahmad Sarah Annisa , Kirana Aulia
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan social comparison dengan life satisfaction pengguna media sosial pada dewasa awal di Tangerang. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 138 responden dengan kriteria usia dewasa awal 18 - 40 tahun, berdomisili di Tangerang, dan aktif menggunakan media sosial di kehidupan sehari-hari. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) dan  The Riverside Life Satisfaction Scale (RLSS). Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji korelasi dan hasil analisis data menunjukan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara social comparison dengan life satisfaction dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar r= -0,366 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p< 0,01). Hasil tersebut menunjukan semakin tinggi perilaku social comparison, maka akan diikuti dengan rendahnya tingkat life satisfaction pada subjek dewasa awal pengguna media sosial dan begitu juga sebaliknya.
Mengkaji Keterbukaan Diri dan Keintiman Seseorang pada Aplikasi Kencan Online
Authors: Seftyani Habuzaifah , Aulizalsini Wahyu
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Technological developments are currently growing very rapidly. Various applications that are present aim to make it easier for every user, such as the tinder application which aims to find a partner which is currently widely used by Indonesian people. The tinder application can generate intimacy, this is because individuals who want to be in a relationship will generally reveal their feelings or personal information to others, in order to achieve a closer relationship and create an intimacy. This study aims to identify whether or not there is a relationship between Self-Disclosure and Intimacy in University X students who use online dating applications (Tinder). By using a purposive sampling technique, this study included 160 students as respondents. Researchers used a Likert scale measuring instrument that would measure the scale of intimacy and self-disclosure scale, then analyzed with Spearman's rho correlational analysis. The results show that there is a positive relationship between self-disclosure and intimacy in students at university x, where the higher the self-disclosure, the higher the intimacy behavior.Keywords: Intimacy, Self-Disclosure, Tinder, Early Adults.Abstrak. Perkembangan teknologi saat ini berkembang sangat pesat. Beragam aplikasi yang hadir bertujuan untuk memudahkan setiap pengguna, seperti aplikasi tinder yang bertujuan untuk menemukan pasangan saat ini ramai digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Aplikasi tinder dapat memunculkan intimasi, hal ini karena individu yang ingin menjalin hubungan umumnya akan mengungkapkan perasaan atau informasi pribadinya kepada orang lain, guna mencapai hubungan yang semakin dekat dan memunculkan suatu keintiman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara Keterbukaan Diri dengan Keintiman pada Mahasiswa Universitas X yang menggunakan aplikasi kencan online (Tinder). Dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, penelitian ini mencangkup 160 mahasiswa sebagai responden. Peneliti menggunakan alat ukur skala likert yang akan mengukur skala keintiman dan skala keterbukaan diri, kemudian dianalisa dengan analisis korelasional Spearman’s rho. Hasil nya menunjukan bahwa, terdapat hubungan positif antara keterbukaan diri dengan intimasi pada mahasiswa universitas x, dimana semakin tinggi keterbukaan diri maka semakin tinggi juga perilaku keintiman yang dimiliki.Kata Kunci : Keintiman, Keterbukaan Diri, Tinder, Dewasa Awal.
Factors that Сomplicate the Structure of a Dramatic Character (“Enough Stupidity in Every Wise Man” by A. N. Ostrovsky)
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University, Mikhnovets Nadezhda G.
Published: March 2024

The article argues that the historical factor of complicating the structure of the dramatic character is dominant. During the work on the comedy “Enough Stupidity in Every Wise Man,” N. A. Ostrovskii comprehended the new hero of post-reform Russia in the 1860s in the context of the opposition of the general (folk) and the personal in the transitional eras of Russian history. The literary factor in understanding a new hero relies on the experience of “eternal” images, such as Chatsky and Molchalin. According to the author of the article, their combination in the image of Glumov led to the creation of a holistic and original character with an expanded range of properties, including opposite ones. The author of the article concludes that the search for internal connections and attempts to identify transition situations between them determined the stages of the playwright’s work on the comedy from the first draft notes to the final text. For the first time, the article identifies new pretexts in the historical and literary context of the comedy of 1868 (at different stages of its writing).
The Problem of an Ideal Family in I. A. Goncharov’s Trilogy
Authors:   Pererva Theological Seminary, Melnik Vladimir I.
Published: March 2024

Almost every work about I. A. Goncharov’s creative work talks about love and mentions the family relationships of the heroes. However, there is still no idea about the “philosophy of family” in Goncharov’s works and the biographical roots of this significant problem for the writer. In “The Same Old Story,” “Oblomov,” and “Cliff,” a whole typology of family relationships appeared in a wide variety of variants. However, Goncharov does not show ideal family relationships. The writer depicts “unions” of men and women, either unhappy or not completely happy. This article attempts to consider this phenomenon of the writer from various points of view and to find the root cause in the character and biography of Goncharov. The novelist placed extremely high demands on the concept of an ideal family and brought a broad philosophical and cultural context into his thoughts about it. The most “family” novel in his work is “Oblomov,” in which he reveals the “philosophy of family” in the pathetic and dramatic mode. This philosophy stems from the worldview and life experience of Goncharov, who never created his own family.
The Pictorial Code in F. M. Dostoevsky’s Novel “Demons” (“Sistine Madonna” in S. T. Verkhovensky’s Fate)
Authors:   A. S. Griboyedov Moscow University, Yudakhin Artem A.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the picturesque plot in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Demons,” built around the canvas of the Italian master Raphael Santi, “Sistine Madonna,” in its semantic and symbolic dynamics — the inner spiritual relationship with the fate of Stepan Trofimovich Verkhovensky. The image of Raphael’s Madonna is the most significant element of the ethical and aesthetic system of the character’s worldview, defining the way of thinking and behavior of the character. At the same time, in the conceptual space of the novel, the Sistine Madonna acquires the features of a spiritually ambivalent image: inspiring Stepan Trofimovich to a high way of thinking, she, nevertheless, turns out to be powerless to transform his life. The article analyzes the theological content of the canvas in the context of the Russian tradition (Zhukovsky, Karamzin, Dostoevsky, Bulgakov), which makes it possible to decipher the pictorial code in the fate of Verkhovensky’s father. Spiritual healing and the near-death transformation of the hero become possible thanks to two symbolic and semantic transitions carried out by the Verkhovensky’s father in the final part of the novel: from the Western Catholic “Sistine Madonna” to the Russian Mother of God, from the Western way of thinking and life to the Russian “soil” and Orthodox spirituality.
“Great Sinners” and Righteous People of L. N. Tolstoy and F. M. Dostoevsky in the Light of A. A. Ukhtomsky’s Ethical Teaching
Authors:   P. G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Fedorova Elena A.
Published: March 2024

The article proposes a typology of righteous heroes on the material of L. N. Tolstoy’s stories “Father Sergius,” “False Coupon,” “Alyosha the Pot,” and F. M. Dostoevsky’s novels “Teenager,” “The Brothers Karamazov.” The “great sinners” Dostoevsky and Tolstoy have gospel prototypes — the prodigal son and the “prudent thief.” At the same time, both writers have static characters — righteous people carrying Christian ideals. In the later stories of Tolstoy and the novels of Dostoevsky, there is a teleological plot, which includes the plot motifs of the test, the choice of the hero, and his movement toward salvation. Turning to the ethical teaching of A. A. Ukhtomsky, created based on the works of Tolstoy and Dostoevsky, allows us to highlight the dominant character of the hero, which involves the rejection of egocentrism and determines his salvation, as well as the hero’s “doubles” and “interlocutors” who are capable of awakening his selfawareness. A comparison of the reading range of Tolstoy and Dostoevsky shows their attention to the works of John Climacus, Isaac the Syrian, and Tikhon of Zadonsk.
Gogol’s “The Government Inspector” as a Сomedy-Tragedy: On the Problem of Genre
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vinogradov Igor A.
Published: March 2024

The article examines Gogol’s apology for laughter in “Theatrical Travel After the Presentation of a New Comedy” (1836–1842). Gogol’s paradigmatic words that the only “honest, noble face” in “The Government Inspector” is laughter are considered in the context of the author’s intention. The play about the imaginary auditor appears as a component of two “revisions”: on the one hand, government revision, although obviously profaned in the course of the play, but inevitably implied by its ending; on the other hand, an “audit” of a “vulgar” society through laughter. The satirist writer and the official authorities, who equally carry out the task of persecuting vice, represent one-order phenomena that equally serve the spiritual improvement of society. The opinions of Gogol’s contemporaries regarding the definition of the picture depicted in the play and the genre of “The Government Inspector” itself as “comedy-tragedy” are in agreement. The article summarizes well-known and little-known reviews of the play by Stepan Shevyrev, Prince Pyotr Vyazemsky, Vasily Mezhevich, Konstantin Aksakov, Vissarion Belinsky, Konstantin Masalsky, and Ivan Ilyin, along with the opinions of the author himself.
Financial technology and consumer financial satisfaction
Authors: AlHares Aws , Elareer Rawdha
Published: March 2024

Financial technology (FinTech) quick development had a significant impact on consumers’ financial lives, particularly their level of financial pleasure. The rise of mobile payments has been somewhat accelerated by the advent of FinTech. This study’s goal is to examine how FinTech used in payments affects consumer financial happiness using information from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 2018 and 2021 National Financial Capability Study (NFCS). Given that the consumer financial happiness variable is non-continuous and ordered, the probit regression approach is used to get estimates that are more accurate. The empirical results of this study indicate that FinTech positively contributes to consumer financial satisfaction. In addition, this study selects financial education and financial capability as mediating variables to explore the possible influence channels between the development of mobile payments and the increase in consumer financial satisfaction. The mediating effects analysis demonstrates that FinTech positively affects financial education and financial capability, ultimately increasing consumer financial satisfaction. These findings have implications for consumer policymakers when promoting FinTech to consumers and helping them increase their financial satisfaction through mobile payments.
Flash droughts and their impacts -using newspaper articles to assess the perceived consequences of rapidly emerging droughts
Authors: Alencar Pedro , Sodoge Jan , Paton Eva N , Brito Mariana M De
Published: March 2024

Flash droughts (FDs) have attracted increasing attention in the past
decade. They are characterized by a rapid depletion of soil moisture
resulting from interactions between the soil and atmospheric conditions.
To date, there is a lack of consistent FD definitions and an
understanding of their socioeconomic impacts. Here, we explore the
relationship between biophysical FD conditions and the perceived impacts
of FDs in Germany between 2000 and 2022. We measured perceived impacts
by analyzing consequences reported in newspaper articles (2000-2022) and
online search behavior using Google trends data (2004-2022). To
characterize the physical process, we considered root zone soil moisture
data. Our results show that FDs are becoming increasingly frequent in
Germany, occurring once every two years on average. Despite the lack of
knowledge from the general public regarding the phenomenon of FDs, the
peaks of interest in drought impacts correspond to the physical
occurrence of FDs across the country. We identified an average time gap
of four weeks between FD onset and the reporting of perceived impacts.
This gap is longer than the average duration of FDs’ onset.
Consequently, our findings highlight that consistent monitoring of FD
conditions and drivers is necessary to guarantee effective preparedness.
As impact perception is too slow to allow the adoption of mitigation
measures, FDs require new schemes for response measures compared with
slowly emerging (conventional) drought events. The novel method also
allows the consistent and impact-based validation of flash drought
identification methods.
AP collagen peptides improve hair growth and quality by promoting human hair cell proliferation and keratin synthesis
Authors: Shim Dabin , Bae Il-Hong , Chung Jin-Oh , Mok Hye-Won , Roh Jonghwa , Kim Wangi , Lee Seok
Published: March 2024

Hair is an essential protective and health-maintaining covering for the body, especially the scalp. It is also important esthetically in modern society, where hair loss, whether caused by the severe scalp condition androgenic alopecia or other internal or external factors, has societal and psychological impacts. Preventing the apoptosis of human hair follicle cells, including hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) and human hair follicle keratinocytes (HHFKs), is crucial for hair production, alongside hair strengthening, which is essential in combatting hair loss. Given the structural importance of collagen peptides in the skin matrix and tissues surrounding hair follicles, we studied the function of AP collagen peptides (APCP) as a hair growth and quality improvement agent. APCP was found to stimulate the proliferation of hair follicle cells and counteract H2O2-induced apoptosis. It also significantly suppressed the expression of dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6), which induce hair cell apoptosis in the presence or absence of UVA/B irradiation. Moreover, APCP induced expression of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), while enhancing hair keratin expression in HHFKs. Mechanistically, APCP facilitated hair growth by elevating GAS6 expression and activating PKA and AKT/ERK signaling pathways. Notably, APCP increased levels of phosphor-?-catenin (Ser552/Ser675) as well as total ?-catenin, as demonstrated by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Lastly, we showed that APCP increased expression of the hair cuticle type I keratins, keratin-32 and 42, in HHFKs. Overall, these findings propose APCP as a promising candidate for safeguarding hair follicle cells and mitigating hair loss by improving hair growth and quality.
The maximum and minimum value of homogeneous polynomial under different norms via tensors
Authors: Deng Chunli , Li Haifeng , Bu Changjiang
Published: March 2024

For any homogeneous polynomial, it can be expressed as the product of a
tensor A and a vector x, we denote it by PA(x). With the change of the norm of
x, the maximum value (resp. the minimum value) of PA(x) is changed. In this
paper, by the properties of tensor A, we study the relationships between the
maximum values (resp. minimum values) of PA(x) under different norms of x.
We present that the maximum values (resp. the minimum values) of PA(x) at
different norms of x always have the same sign. Moreover, the relationship
between the magnitudes of the maximum values (resp. the minimum values) of
PA(x) at different norms of x are characterized. Further, some inequalities
on H-eigenvalues and Zeigenvalues of tensor A are obtained directly. And
some applications on definite positive of tensors and hypergraphs are given.
Lessons From Insulin: Policy Prescriptions for Affordable Diabetes and Obesity Medications
Authors: Nagel Kathryn E. , Ramachandran Reshma , Lipska Kasia J.
Published: March 2024

Escalating insulin prices have prompted public scrutiny of the practices of drug manufacturers, pharmacy benefit managers, health insurers, and pharmacies involved in production and distribution of medications. As a result, a series of policies have been proposed or enacted to improve insulin affordability and foster greater equity in access. These policies have implications for other diabetes and obesity therapeutics. Recent legislation, at both the state and federal level, has capped insulin out-of-pocket payments for some patients. Other legislation has targeted drug manufacturers directly in requiring rebates on drugs with price increases beyond inflation rates, an approach that may restrain price hikes for existing medications. In addition, government negotiation of drug pricing, a contentious issue, has gained traction, with the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 permitting limited negotiation for certain high expenditure drugs without generic or biosimilar competition, including some insulin products and other diabetes medications. However, concerns persist that this may inadvertently encourage higher launch prices for new medications. Addressing barriers to competition has also been a priority such as through increased enforcement against anticompetitive practices (e.g., “product hopping”) and reduced regulatory requirements for biosimilar development and market entry. A novel approach involves public production, exemplified by California’s CalRx program, which aims to provide biosimilar insulins at significantly reduced prices. Achieving affordable and equitable access to insulin and other diabetes and obesity medications requires a multifaceted approach, involving state and federal intervention, ongoing policy evaluation and refinement, and critical examination of corporate influences in health care.
Glomerulonephritis following COVID-19 infection or vaccination: a multicenter study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Hyung Woo , Kim Eun Hwa , Roh Yun Ho , Joo Young Su , Eom Minseob , Kim Han Seong , Kang Mi Seon , Jeong HoeIn , Lim Beom Jin , Han Seung Hyeok , Jung Minsun ,   Renal Pathology Study Group of Korean Society of Pathologists
Published: March 2024

Background: Despite the widespread impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) and vaccination in South Korea, our understanding of kidney diseases following these events remains limited. We aimed to address this gap by investigating the characteristics of glomerular diseases following the COVID-19 infection and vaccination in South Korea. Methods: Data from multiple centers were used to identify de novo glomerulonephritis (GN) cases with suspected onset following COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Retrospective surveys were used to determine the COVID-19–related histories of patients who were initially not implicated. Bayesian structural time series and autoregressive integrated moving average models were used to determine causality. Results: Glomerular diseases occurred shortly after the infection or vaccination. The most prevalent postinfection GN was podocytopathy (42.9%), comprising primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease, whereas postvaccination GN mainly included immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN; 57.9%) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSP; 15.8%). No patient progressed to end-stage kidney disease. Among the patients who were initially not implicated, nine patients with IgAN/HSP were recently vaccinated against COVID-19. The proportion of glomerular diseases changed during the pandemic in South Korea, with an increase in acute interstitial nephritis and a decrease in pauci-immune crescentic GN. Conclusion: This study showed the characteristics of GNs following COVID-19 infection or vaccination in South Korea. Understanding these associations is crucial for developing effective patient management and vaccination strategies. Further investigation is required to fully comprehend COVID-19’s impact on GN.
Emerging Technologies and Advanced Biomarkers for Enhanced Toxicity Prediction and Safety Pharmacology
Authors: Addissouky Tamer A
Published: March 2024

Background: Biomarkers are important tools in toxicology that can improve risk assessment, early detection of organ injury, and monitoring of pharmacological responses. However, rigorous validation is necessary to justify use for regulatory decisionmaking. Purpose: This article reviews the current landscape surrounding established and emerging biomarkers of toxicity across multiple techniques, with a focus on assessment of merits, limitations, and validation needs. Main Body: An overview of common clinical chemistry biomarkers used for safety monitoring of liver, kidney, heart, and inflammation is first provided, highlighting their biological relevance and applications in detecting organ dysfunction. Novel protein biomarkers emerging for enhanced sensitivity of injury detection are then discussed, such as microRNAs for liver and clusterin for kidney. Metabolomic biomarker approaches to assess biofluids and mitochondrial toxicity are outlined, along with toxicogenomic markers of susceptibility like HLA alleles. Non-invasive imaging techniques including ultrasound, MRI, and PET tracers for organ function are explored as techniques that provide additional modalities for biomarker measurement. Emerging tools like organ microphysiological systems and high-throughput omics for biomarker discovery are also described. Conclusion: While great progress has been made, translation and qualification of novel biomarkers remains challenging. This review synthesizes key developments across biomarker categories, evaluates readiness for regulatory use, and outlines strategic considerations for fit-for-purpose biomarker validation to advance integration into drug development programs.
Determination of Aflatoxins in Pig Feed. Using the Thin Layer Chromatography Technique
Authors: Morales-Ovalles Yasmín C
Published: March 2024

Aflatoxins are the most important mycotoxins in terms of food safety, due to their frequency and toxicity, they are characterized by being secondary metabolites synthesized by fungi. In order to determine the presence of aflatoxins in pork feed, five samples from different commercial companies were analyzed. The methodology used prior to the sample extraction process was the thin layer chromatography technique, observed using long-wave ultraviolet light. It could be seen in samples 1,3,4,5, the presence of Aflatoxins, toxicogenic strains of Aspergillus parasiticus, which produce aflatoxins, G1 and G2, is characterized by the fluorescence coloration, in sample 2 the presence was observed of aflatoxins toxicogenic strains of Aspergillus flavus. Toxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus generally produce only aflatoxins B1 and B2, while toxicogenic strains of Aspergillus parasiticus produce aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2. AFB1 aflatoxins have been considered obvious carcinogens in experimental animals. It is important to carry out systematic research with low-cost analytical techniques to understand the mechanisms of production and action of aflatoxins in foods, in order to prevent, monitor and control these types of toxins.
Modeling and Simulation of a High-Performance Magnetic Biosensor for Biomedical Sensing
Authors: AA Husseini
Published: March 2024

The current magnetic-based biosensor technologies are expensive and intricate, making them unsuitable for meeting the requirements of point-of-care medical diagnosis. This research introduces a straightforward magnetic biosensor architecture that includes an L-shaped ferromagnetic core with UL dimensions. The design involves an air gap being replaced with highly porous aluminum or copper foam, offering a potentially cost-effective and uncomplicated solution for point-of-care diagnosis based on the magnetic field effect. The foam serves as a medium for hosting biological samples, such as proteins and DNA, which are labeled with high-permeability ferromagnetic nanoparticles. The biosensor operates by detecting labeled biological molecules through magnetic field interactions. The electrical parameters of the system underwent methodical optimization to enhance overall performance. The investigation delved into the influence of various materials on the magnetic properties of the air gap. It also examined the relationships between permeability, output-induced voltage, input voltage, and input frequency. The findings reveal that utilizing materials with elevated magnetic permeability, such as Magnetite (Fe3 O4 ) or Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2 O4 ) ferrofluids, significantly enhances the biosensor's performance by optimizing magnetic coupling between primary and secondary windings. This innovative magnetic biosensor exhibits potential applications in diverse fields, including molecular biology and medical diagnostics. The study contributes valuable insights into the design and optimization of magnetic biosensors, offering opportunities for heightened sensitivity and selectivity in the detection of ferromagnetic nanoparticles labeled biomolecules such as DNA or proteins.
The Billey Joe Johnson Homicide
Authors: Burnett Bryan R
Published: March 2024

The victim, Billey Joe Johnson Jr., died in 2008 by a near contact, penetrating 12 gauge shotgun discharge to his left head at the ear. The manner of death was “undetermined” by the medical examiner. A county grand jury and two independent pathologists concluded the death was accidental. Another pathologist concluded suicide. Five digital cameras documented the shooting scene over a period of more than 11 h. There was no expert shooting scene reconstruction before this report. We observed 1) the shotgun’s position at discharge was not possible for either suicide or accident scenarios. 2) Stun gun wounds, centered within a halo of hyperemia, were on the victim’s right lateral mid-lumbar skin. 3) The body was moved twice before the scene image documentation and processing by law enforcement. The shooting scene was staged. 4) A love note, which had a blood transfer likely from an assailant, was left in the victim’s vehicle at the scene. 5) The staging of the shooting scene continued into the scene processing, which was documented by the image metadata time stamps. 6) Multiple persons were involved in the homicide.
Unveiling the Enigmatic Plasmodium knowlesi: Insights, Challenges, and Promises in Malaria Research
Authors: Moumaris Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Plasmodium knowlesi, a malaria parasite found in southeast Asia, can infect both primates and humans, potentially causing severe malaria. It is closely related to Plasmodium vivax, and its treatment utilizes chloroquine or artemisinin combination therapy. Plasmodium knowlesi presents significant health and economic challenges due to its zoonotic nature. However, it also serves as a valuable model for scientific research, aiding in vaccine development and understanding malaria invasion mechanisms. Its use facilitates progress in pharmaceutical investigations and the establishment of in vitro culture methods with both primate and human cells.
An Expansion of the Invasive Species Gussevia asota Kritsky, et al., 1989 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) In Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Chaudhary Anshu
Published: March 2024

Non-native fish species and their parasites are a threat to aquatic ecosystems, posing a risk to inherited communities by diminishing biodiversity and causing severe commercial and public health impacts. Along with their fish hosts, monogenean parasites are often co-introduced into new areas. In the western part of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, a range expansion for the non-native monogenean parasite was recorded. This study confirmed the co-introduction of the dactylogyrid, Gussevia asota Kritsky et al. (1989), into India with their fish host, the invasive Oscar, Astronotus ocellatus Agassiz, 1831. The present species were also distinguished based on molecular analysis of their 18S rDNA sequence and the haptoral parts and male copulatory organ. Phylogenetic analysis of G. asota showed that it clustered with other dactylogyrid species, supporting the contention that it co-introduced parasites, increasing the number of monogeneans acquired in Indian water.
The Mind Opens only when the Heart Opens
Authors: KC Charan Gowda
Published: March 2024

The mind can think and reason whereas the heart is an organ that helps reveal one’s attitude, emotion, and character of his/her particular kind. If we say that someone is of a particular kind at heart, we mean what the person is really like, even though he/she seems to be very different. When the heart is set on something, the mind tends to work upon it and bring it into action. Mind actions only because of heart and the kind of action performed depends only on the kind of heart.
Optimizing Collaboration Skills in the 21st Century: Recent Innovations in Project Model Differentiated Learning
Authors: Pangestu Anggit , Firdaus Fery Muhamad
Published: March 2024

Collaboration skills are important. Therefore, group learning needs to be held for hands-on experience that results in understanding and effective learning methods. This study aims to analyze the effect of project model differentiated learning on students' collaboration skills in grade V elementary school in science subjects. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique used was the saturated sampling technique with 26 students. The research instruments used in the form of learning style questionnaires, observation sheets of the learning process in the classroom, and observation sheets to measure student collaboration skills consist of initial and final observation sheets. Data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis technique and inferential analysis technique with Paired Sample t Test. Before the hypothesis test, the prerequisite test includes the normality test and homogeneity test. The average collaboration skills of grade V students before being given treatment using the differentiated learning project model were none in the Very High category, 9.99% in the High category, 70.76% in the Medium category, and 19.76% in the Low category. After being given treatment using a differentiated learning project model, there were 9.23% in the Very High category, 59.23% in the High category, 31.54% in the Moderate category, and none in the Low category. Furthermore, data processing is carried out with t-value ≥ critical t-value (39.034 > 2.05954), which indicates that there is a positive effect of the differentiated learning project model on student collaboration skills in grade V elementary school.
Early Childhood Tolerance in Minority Areas: A Foundation for Addressing Intolerance Problems in Indonesia
Authors: Nadlifah  , Abdul Latif Muhammad , Toyba Humaida Rifka , Rismiyati Setyaningrum Helda , Sarah Siti
Published: March 2024

Cases of intolerance, fanaticism, radicalism, and terrorism in Indonesia still occur frequently, causing commotion. Amid the commotion of this issue, it is essential to take preventive measures from an early age. This research aims to analyze tolerance implementation from an early age in minority areas in early childhood education institutions. This research method uses qualitative field research with a case study approach. Data collection techniques used passive participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The analysis used was thematic analysis with validity testing in the form of triangulation of sources and techniques. This research shows that Gajahwong School implements tolerance by starting with initial, core, and closing activities. The values of tolerance developed are mutual respect, care, respect for friends' opinions, and cooperation between children. The impact of tolerance from an early age at Gajahwong School provides a foundation for children to tolerate each other, improving human, family, and environmental resources. The findings of this research contribute in the form of knowledge and an overview of the implementation of tolerance from an early age in dealing with radicalism in Indonesia.
The Effectiveness of Bali Cultural Center Game-Based Learning Videos on Children's Tolerant Character in River Watersheds
Authors: Antara Putu Aditya , Dewi Ni Putu Sinta , I Wayan Ardana
Published: March 2024

Tolerance is a way of life that includes words, acts, and conduct that demonstrate a regard for other people. Tolerance requires a broad knowledge base, an open mindset, freedom of opinion, and faith. This study is quasi-experimental in nature, using a pretest-posttest control group design. Indicators of attitude integrated tolerance with video media, core video content culture Bali, and enrichment attitude tolerance related culture loaded Bali in the video are used to assess efficacy in the use of learning videos. Wilcoxon's non-parametric statistical paradigm was used to examine the data. A significance test is used to interpret the data. There was a considerable effect and development in the abilities and skills of teachers teaching in the Banyumala watershed before and after they participated in training to create instructional films based on Balinese cultural centers. This is backed up with strategies that are straightforward and easy for instructors to grasp. The average score of teachers teaching in kindergartens surrounding the DAS Banyumala river basin is greater than the average score of teachers teaching in Sukasada sub-district and elsewhere. As a result, we anticipate that teachers' skills in creating learning films will increase and that they will be able to apply Balinese cultural centers in early childhood education through various forms of training activities.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN MANAJEMEN LABA PERUSAHAAN SYARIAH DAN NON SYARIAH YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Isbaya Isbaya , Indupurnahayu Indupurnahayu , Aminda Renea Shinta
Published: March 2024

Praktik manajemen laba dapat dideteksi dengan melihat abnormalisasi transaksi yang dilakukan dan dapat mengatur segala betuk laporan keuangan. Tentunya seluruhnya dapat dilihat dalam laporan keuangan berkala di BEI bagi perusahaan yang terdaftar, baik perusahaan syariah maupun non syariah. Jenis Penelitian ini berupa kuantitatif korelatif dengan populasi sahah-saham di Indeks Pefindo25 periode 2018-2021 dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasilnya menunjukkan kepemilikan insitusi, ukuran perusahaan dan arus kas operasi berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba di saham syariah maupun saham non syariah, pertumbuhan laba tidak mempengaruhi keduanya, leverage hanya mempengaruhi manajemen laba saham syariah, dan kepemilikan insitusi, ukurang perusahaan, pertumbuhan laba, profitabilitas dan leverage bersama-sama mempengaruhi keduanya. Namun hasil ini memerlukan penelitian lebih mendalam dalam saham tersebut untuk mengetahui lebih dalam manajemen laba perusahaan terdaftar di BEI.Kata Kunci: Manajemen Laba, Perusahaan Syariah, Perusahaan Non Syariah, BEI
La fenomenología de Marc Richir
Authors: Sánchez Muñoz Rubén
Published: March 2024

El artículo es una entrevista realizada a Sacha Carlson sobre la fenomenología de Marc Richir. En ella se dialoga sobre temas relacionados con la recepción de la fenomenología de Husserl y Heidegger en Richir, la estética, las críticas de Richir a la fenomenología y aspectos de la propuesta del propio Richir centrados en la afectividad, la política, la estética, entre otros. La entrevista se realizó en enero de 2016.
Proyecciones del arte de prudencia de Gracián en el homo politicus moderno
Authors: González de Requena Farré Juan Antonio
Published: March 2024

Fecha de recepción: 01-11-2018Fecha de aceptación: 23-04-2019Al discutir las relaciones entre el homo oeconomicus y el homo politicus, no siempre se matizan los diferentes estratos de la subjetividad política moderna. Nos proponemos reconstruir algunos trasfondos histórico-políticos que esbozan el perfil de un tipo de sujeto político prudente, estratégico y disimulado. Realizamos una exégesis del Oráculo manual y arte de prudencia de Baltasar Gracián, asumiendo que los orígenes de ese tipo diplomático de sujeto político pueden rastrearse en el escenario del Barroco europeo. Cabe reconocer tres marcos del sujeto político barroco en Gracián: el pragmatismo confesional, la interiorización de la razón de Estado y la cortesanía universal.
La Soledad
Authors: López Cambronero Marcelo
Published: March 2024

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Afirmación de lo sagrado en el cuento maravilloso
Authors: Junco Ethel
Published: March 2024

Estudiamos el cuento maravilloso, de acuerdo a textos de la antología de los Hermanos Grimm, para destacar el carácter sagrado del camino del héroe y con el fin de relacionar el viaje geográfico con el tránsito de aprendizaje del alma. Tras establecer las dimensiones del cuento en orden a su estatuto literario, filosófico, religioso y pedagógico, concluimos afirmando que los cuentos maravillosos esclarecen la relación de hombre y naturaleza integrada a un orden sagrado.
Tiempo diacrónico en Emmanuel Levinas y la influencia de la Urimpression husserliana
Authors: Canizales Higuera Lucy Gabriela
Published: March 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es demostrar que si bien el tiempo diacrónico, que se inaugura con la relación de alteridad, se puede entender como antagónico a la propuesta de Edmund Husserl del tiempo interno de la conciencia, esta temporalidad ética encuentra su inspiración más importante en la noción de Urimpression o protoimpresión desarrollada por el filósofo alemán.
De Vries, Gerard, Bruno Latour, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2016. 221 p. 1ª Ed.
Authors: Zaragoza Juan Manuel
Published: March 2024

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