bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la Variabilidad de la Frecuencia Cardiaca durante Entrenamiento Físico de Distinta Intensidad a través de Índices de la Gráfica de Poincaré
Authors:   , Martínez Hernández V. J.
Published: December 2021

Exercise induces parasympathetic withdrawal and sympathetic activation. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive tool for the assessment of cardiac autonomic function. Physical training can improve cardiovascular health through an increase in HRV. In this study, two physical trainings were conducted, one with moderate intensity (MT) and the second one with higher intensity (IT), for 10 weeks. A test protocol which consisted of 3 maneuvers: control, exercise, and recovery was performed each week of training to follow up the HRV changes in 18 sedentary volunteers aged 20.3±2 years. The RR intervals were analyzed by indexes of traditional Poincaré plot (SPP) and segmented Poincaré plot (SEPP). The results showed an increase in column 7 probabilities in week 10 with respect to week 4 during control stage for both trainings. Regarding, trainings differences, row 9 probability decreases in MT training suggesting a higher cardiac vagal activity in this training.
Evaluación preliminar de la Variabilidad de la Frecuencia Cardiaca de Pacientes con Fibrilación Auricular Paroxística y Apnea Obstructiva Barra lateral del artículo
Authors:   , Becerra-Luna B.
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the processing of electrocardiographic (ECG) signals from 16 patients diagnosed with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) classified as either moderate or severe by respiratory polygraphy. Processing goes from acquisition up to the analysis of their heart rate variability (HRV), where original computer scripts written in MATLAB R2020b are used within scripts adapted from other research groups. Computer processing included linear resampling, noise suppression, R-wave detection, misidentified peaks correction, tachogram resampling at a constant period and trend removal. Regular sampling is mandatory for Fourier analysis through Welch’s periodogram. Once the spectral power was estimated, the HRV was evaluated before, during and after an apnea episode. The behavior of the HRV was compared to the group of patients with moderate SAHS against those with severe SAHS. When comparing the groups at post-apnea stage, significant differences were found in the normalized low-frequency band (LF: 0.04–0.15Hz, p=0.0183), and also in the normalized high frequency band (HF: 0.15–0.4 Hz, p=0.0182), which suggests that in patients with severe SAHS the sympathetic activity is higher (power in LF band), which in turn presupposes that the autonomic nervous system is in frequent alertness, which has been associated with high cardiovascular risk.
Plantilla Inteligente Para Pie Diabético
Authors:   , López Godínez E.
Published: December 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease representative of elevated blood glucose or also known as hyperglycemia. One of the consequences of the pathology is the development of Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) which means damage to nerve tissues due to diabetes [2]. One of its consequences of the NP is the loss of sensation, most often it begins affecting the feet and legs, exposing them to develop injuries, ulcers and in severe cases even amputations. This work presents the development of a prototype of an intelligent insole for diabetic foot (PIPD), which is able to monitor the state of the patient's diabetic foot the following parameters: temperature and plantar pressure in real time. Simultaneously monitors blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) outside the insole, where the control system is located. The information obtained is visualized through a mobile application that was designed to be intuitive and easy to use. The template was designed to be ergonomic and 3D printed with flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material, inside it is located piezoresistive sensors and a thermistor with their respective connections(cables). It is obtained as a result that the user-patient is continuously monitored, the SpO2 is displayed, the temperature with decimal values so as not to give false measurements, obtain plantar pressure and this is possible to perceive in the HEALTFOOT app.
Aprendizaje Computacional Para La Estimación Automática Del Peso Al Nacimiento Usando Variables Multimodales Materno-Fetales
Authors:   , Martínez Acevedo M. G.
Published: December 2021

During pregnancy there are various factors that directly or indirectly affect maternal and child health, computational learning is presented as a pre-diagnostic tool in conjunction with the observation of obstetric experts in the early prediction of birth weight through characteristics of biometric origin. Through the 14 characteristics obtained by 584 voluntary participants, the use of a non-parametric regression algorithm is established, based on Gaussian processes. With an 8.3% weighted mean absolute error, the early prediction of birth weight is presented, allowing medical personnel and obstetric experts to handle information for the care of the mother-child population.
Metodología para el Modelado Tridimensional de los Ligamentos de la Articulación Coxofemoral
Authors:   , Pérez Aguilar B.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this research is to propose a methodology to model the main ligaments of the hip joint by using computational modeling software such as CATIA® V5. This methodology is divided into two main parts. The first one concerns the conception of the ligaments. The second one refers to the assembly of the ligaments within a computational model of the bones of the pelvis and the femur. Once the ligament models were generated following the proposed methodology, dimensional values were measured to later compare them with those reported in several experimental investigations. In this sense, the percentage of error obtained between these values (up to 8.5 %) is a way of quantitatively validating the generated models, and therefore ensure that the geometry of each ligament can be used for future research that seeks to simulate and analyze the behavior of the ligaments under different physiological conditions.
Análisis de la marcha en voluntarios con amputación transtibial usando sensores Kinect
Authors:   , Fuentes Aguilar R. Q.
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo presenta el análisis de marcha de voluntarios sin amputación y con amputación transtibial mediante el diseño e implementación de un sistema de captura de movimiento portable y de bajo costo. Para este sistema, se usaron dos sensores Kinect y una caminadora eléctrica. Estos elementos permitieron el análisis cuantitativo mediante la medición de distintas variables biomecánicas como son la distancia del paso, cadencia, ángulos de curvatura de columna y pie, entre otros. Se realizó una comparativa de la marcha, ante el uso de prótesis con sockets del tipo Patellar Tending Bearing (PTB) diseñadas mediante métodos tradicionales con respecto a las diseñadas con moldes a partir de diseño 3D. Los resultados demostraron que una persona sin amputación tiene un paso 47.41% más estable y un 57.78% menor ángulo de curvatura de columna, mientras que un voluntario con un PTB socket hecho a partir de un molde de diseño 3D es 8.31% más rápido y presenta un paso 7.83% más estable que un usando un socket convencional. Crear un sistema de captura de movimiento de bajo costo permitirá una mayor accesibilidad de estas tecnologías, abriendo paso a un futuro donde prótesis ergonómicas basadas en análisis de marcha sea posible.
Evaluación de Terapias Acústicas en Pacientes con Acúfeno: Análisis de Conectividad en Potenciales Relacionados a Eventos
Authors:   , Álvarez-Terríquez A.
Published: December 2021

The application of acoustic therapies in the treatment of patients with tinnitus is increasingly common. The main objective of these therapies is to restore the behavior of the brain pathways and structures involved in the sense of hearing to their normal condition. Brain electrical activity (EEG) is analyzed as it is one of many tools that have been used to study the underlying mechanisms of tinnitus. In this work, some characteristics that allow the detection of changes in brain connectivity 8 weeks after starting therapy in some acoustic therapies are presented. The auditory discrimination therapy or ADT, not only presented changes in the brain connectivity of the subjects who received it, but also the graph metrics used as feature values to measure this connectivity were close to the values ​​presented in the control subjects. In the other hand, the tinnitus retraining therapy TRT, also presented changes in brain connectivity; however, the graph metrics used as feature values to measure this connectivity were not close to the values presented in the control subjects.
Plataforma IoMT Basada en Inteligencia Computacional Para la Evaluación del Riesgo Cardiovascular
Authors:   , Armentano R. L.
Published: December 2021

NTRODUCCIÓN: El cuidado de la salud está apuntado hacia un enfoque caracterizado por tecnologías preventivas y predictivas. Los sistemas basados en “Internet de las Cosas Médicas” (IoMT), generan un formidable caudal de información, que debe ser abordado de manera integradora por metodologías derivadas de la Inteligencia Computacional (IC). El envejecimiento y la presencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) están asociados con una disminución en las propiedades elásticas arteriales (aumento de la Velocidad de la Onda del Pulso, VOP) y un engrosamiento de la pared arterial (aumento del “espesor íntima-media”, EIM). OBJETIVO: Consolidar una plataforma de caracterización de grupos de RCV basada en mediciones IoMT de parámetros biomecánicos arteriales (VOP y EIM), sustentada en herramientas inteligentes de ML. MÉTODOS: Se tomó una muestra de 377 pacientes constituida por variables para determinación del RCV a 10 años, junto con parámetros como VOP, IMT y SCC. Se aplicó el análisis de conglomerados sobre variables antropométricas y hemodinámicas, de modo de determinar la existencia de grupos diferenciados ante la inclusión posterior de parámetros biomecánicos (VOP e EIM). RESULTADOS: El método de conglomerados arrojó dos grupos diferenciados, resultando una mayor distinción del RCV al incorporar medidas biomecánicas como VOP y EIM. CONCLUSIÓN: Este tipo de abordaje permite concebir un sistema de soporte predictivo a la decisión clínica de tipo personalizado, basado en IoMT, IC y variables biomecánicas, aplicable a la clasificación subclínica de la enfermedad CV.
Pulsera inteligente: Watch Ur Health
Authors:   , Bravo Sánchez A. G.
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 disease continues to be a public health problem that society has integrated into its daily life. Prevention measures are a cornerstone to stop the growing increase in infections. Leading to an opportunity for technological development to create devices that contribute to the reinforcement of these measures. The "Smart Bracelet: Watch Ur Health" project is an innovative proposal for a device capable of warning its users from possible approaches of the hand to the face, which we know are a potential risk to get many infectious diseases, not limited only to COVID-19. This paper reports the development of facial approach detection algorithms and the implementation of a first prototype of the Smart Bracelet, integrating the functions of a common watch. Strategies are proposed for the improvement of functions in future developments.
Técnicas De Inteligencia Artificial Aplicadas A Pruebas Capilaroscopicas Para La Detección De Enfermedades Autoinmunes Que Comprometen La Circulación Sanguínea
Authors:   , Alvarado M.
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this paper is the development of an artificial intelligence model for the automatic classification of images, in order to optimize the detection of pathologies through capillaroscopy tests of the nail fold, this technique allows obtaining images of the morphology of the capillaries in the proximal nail fold of the hands. We used a database that consists of 300 images of capillaries corresponding to the nail fold. These images were labeled as healthy or diseased subject depending on the patterns of the capillaries. The method used to classify the images into two classes was transfer learning from a MobileNet V2 base model. The results show that the network is capable of detecting the presence of pathological patterns in the capillaries with a precision of 96.667%.
Modelos Personalizados de Metabolismo de Glucosa para Pacientes Diabéticos Tipo 2 Mediante Algoritmos Evolutivos
Authors:   , Olay-Blanco A.
Published: December 2021

Since type 2 diabetes is a worldwide public health issue, new therapies should be approached. There are recent researches that prove that insulinization therapy can improve the lifestyle of diabetic patients. To have better results with this therapy, it is suggested to use personalized models of the glucose-insulin metabolism of a patient. Therefore, in this paper, the methodology to develop a model based on specific patient data and evolutionary algorithms is shown, as an approach for insulinization therapy.
Implementación de un Sensor Virtual para Estimación de Parámetros y Estados de un Modelo de Diabetes Tipo 1
Authors:   , Olay-Blanco A.
Published: December 2021

Currently, the most conventional and widely accepted way to know the status of glucose metabolism is the capillary measurement of glucose concentration in the blood. Glucose metabolism is a highly complex process of the human body dealing with the acquisition, usage, and storage of chemical energy, mainly coming from dietary carbohydrates. To achieve this important task in the preservation of life, metabolism requires the interaction of many organs and processes of the human body; therefore, having a single systemic measurement, while providing a global vision of metabolism, does not provide details of the state of relevant processes in glucose regulation such as liver and pancreas functions. To deal with the technological problem of obtaining information on the metabolism, in this paper we propose a virtual sensor to estimate glucose and insulin concentration in relevant organs, as well as parameters that could be useful to characterize the dynamical response of the glucose metabolism. The structure of the virtual sensor is an adaptive observer based on a mathematical model of glucose metabolism in type 1 diabetes. In addition to its usefulness in estimating the state of metabolism in relevant organs, this information may be useful in the treatment of type 1 diabetes, where automatic and real-time insulin dosing requires information on metabolism, beyond just systemic blood measurement.
Implementación de Sistema de Registro de Dosimetría Radiológica en pacientes del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan)
Authors:   , Tapia Acosta J. J.
Published: December 2021

Imaging studies with ionizing radiation are carried out at the Mexico’s National Cancer Institute, which may represent risks to the health of the patient, which is why there is a need to monitor the effective dose given to patients. This document describes the implementation of a computer system that allows extraction of patient and study data, calculation of effective dose and reference values that allow quality control of the amount of ionizing radiation used in imaging studies.
Mammalian hibernation: a unique model for medical research
Authors: Xing Xin , Wang Shiqiang
Published: December 2021

Hibernation is an adaptive behavior for some small animals to survive cold winter. Hibernating mammals usually down-regulate their body temperature from ~37°C to only a few degrees. During the evolution, mammalian hibernators have inherited unique strategies to survive extreme conditions that may lead to disease or death in humans and other non-hibernators. Hibernating mammals can not only tolerant deep hypothermia, hypoxia and anoxia, but also protect them against osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, heart arrhythmia and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Finding the molecular and regulatory mechanisms underlying these adaptations will provide novel ideas for treating related human diseases.
Role of microRNAs in the process of metformin treating multiple diseases
Authors: Ma Ningning , Chen Jing , Ren Jin
Published: December 2021

Metformin as the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus has been discovered to exert beneficial effects on many diseases for nearly ten years, but its specific mechanism is still unclear. As a new class of gene expression regulators with pleiotropic properties, microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in multiple physiological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and metabolism, which drive them to play a regulatory role in the occurrence, development and even treatment of various diseases. A substantial body of research has found the relationship between metformin and miRNAs, in which metformin can alter the expression profiles of miRNAs in multiple disease states and on the other hand the signal pathways involving miRNAs may contribute to the pharmacological actions of metformin. This review summarizes the effects of metformin on miRNAs and their relationship in different diseases (like tumor, metabolic diseases, etc.), which should be of a great help for our better understanding of the mechanism of metformin for treating multiple diseases.
Overexpression of microRNA-135b-5p attenuates acute myocardial infarction injury through its anti-oxidant and anti-apptotic properties
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Yu Yahan , Wang Xinyao , Liu Guanqun , Yin Xinda , Bai Yunlong , Du Zhimin
Published: December 2021

Objective

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality due partly to the limited regenerative capacity of cardiomyocytes to replace cardiomyocyte lost due to apoptosis. Inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis is recognized as an effective therapeutic approach for MI. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), which regulate target genes at the post-transcriptional level, play a significant role in the regulation of cardiovascular diseases such as MI. MicroRNA-135b (miR-135b) has a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. However, the role of miR-135b in cardiomyocyte apoptosis in infarct myocardium needs further clarification.

Methods

We generated α-MHC-miR-135b transgenic mice to investigate the role of miR-135b in myocardial injury after MI. MiR-135b mimic and negative control (NC) were transfected into H2O2-induced cardiomyocytes to evaluate the effect of overexpression of miR-135b on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis.

Results

Our results showed that overexpression of miR-135b had protective effect on cardiomyocyte injury both in vivo and in vitro. MiR-135b inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ROS generation, downregulated proapoptosis proteins (cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax), and increased anti-apoptosis protein (Bcl-2). Moreover, miR-135b showed an inhibitory effect on apoptosis-related protein target transient receptor potential vanilloid-type 4 (TRPV4) cation channel.

Conclusion

MiR-135b might be considered a new molecular target for potential replacement therapy as antiapoptotic cardioprotection in the setting of MI.
Changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide and other serological indicators in vestibular migraine patients
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Pan Yonghui , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Lei , Zhang Junli
Published: December 2021

Objective

It aims to evaluate the diagnostic ability of CGRP and other blood indicators in vestibular migraine (VM) patients, and to explain the potential pathological effects of these biomarkers. The hypothesis of VM being a variant of migraine was examined.

Methods

A total of 32 VM patients, 35 migraine patients, and 30 healthy control subjects (HC) were selected for this cross-sectional study. Detailed statistics on demographic data, clinical manifestations, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and common clinical laboratory indicators were measured within 24 hours from the onset of the conditions. Receptor operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were analyzed for biomarkers. The risk factors of VM and migraine were determined through univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

Compared with HC, serum CGRP levels (p (VM) = 0.012, p (Migraine) = 0.028) increased and Mg2+ levels (p (VM) < 0.001, p (Migraine) < 0.001) deceased in VM patients and migraine patients. In multiple logistic regression, VM was correlated with CGRP [odds ratio (OR) = 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–1.12; P = 0.01] and Mg2+ [odds ratio (OR) = 0.03; 95% CI, 0.07–0.15; P < 0.001)]. Migraine was correlated with CGRP [odds ratio (OR) = 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02–1.12; P = 0.01] and Mg2+ [odd ratio (OR = 0.01; 95% CI, 0–0.02; P <0.001)]. Mg2+ discriminated good differentiation between VM and migraine groups, with AUC of 0.649 (95% CI, 0.518 to 0.780). The optimal threshold for Mg2+ to diagnose VM was 0.805.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that CGRP and Mg2+ may be promising laboratory indicators to discriminate HC from VM/migraine, while Mg2+ may be uded as a discriminator between VM and migraine.
Direct evidence of VEGF-mediated neuroregulation and afferent explanation of blood pressure dysregulation during angiogenic therapy
Authors: Feng Yan , Li Ying , Yang Xinling , Han Limin , Wang Luning , Gao Shan , Yin Ruixue , Wang Xue , Li Jiayang , Liu Meiming , Li Baiyan
Published: December 2021

Objective

Oncocardiology is increasingly hot research field/topic in the clinical management of cancer with anti-angiogenic therapy of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that may cause cardiovascular toxicity, such as hypertension via vascular dysfunction and attenuation of eNOS/NO signaling in the baroreflex afferent pathway. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the potential roles of VEGF/VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) expressed in the baroreflex afferent pathway in autonomic control of blood pressure (BP) regulation.

Methods

The distribution and expression of VEGF/VEGFRs were detected in the nodose ganglia (NG) and nucleus of tractus solitary (NTS) using immunostaining and molecular approaches. The direct role of VEGF was tested by NG microinjection under physiological and hypertensive conditions.

Results

Immunostaining data showed that either VEGF or VEGFR2/VEGFR3 was clearly detected in the NG and NTS of adult male rats. Microinjection of VEGF directly into the NG reduced the mean blood pressure (MBP) dose-dependently, which was less dramatic in renovascular hypertension (RVH) rats, suggesting the VEGF-mediated depressor response by direct activation of the 1st-order baroreceptor neurons in the NG under both normal and disease conditions. Notably, this reduced depressor response in RVH rats was directly caused by the downregulation of VEGFR2, which compensated the up regulation of VEGF/VEGFR3 in the NG during the development of hypertension.

Conclusion

It demonstrated for the first time that the BP-lowering property of VEGF/VEGFRs signaling via the activation of baroreflex afferent function may be a common target/pathway leading to BP dysregulation in anti-angiogenic therapy.
Delivery of information and explanation of side effects of drug to the patients; real situation, obstacles and solutions: a review
Authors: Alghamdi AbduRahman
Published: December 2021

The most common intervention in healthcare service is the prescription of medicine. One of the patient\'s rights is to know basic information about the purpose, duration, dose, and possible and severe side effects of prescribed medicine. Physicians play a vital role in explaining drug details, including side effects, but many patients have no idea and information about their medications. This review is aimed at evaluating the effect
of both educating and neglecting patients about side effects of drugs and their impact on their health and adherence, and to assess the obstacles that physicians face in performing this vital role and suggest solutions to solve the obstacles faced. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies on the targeted topic. A total of 40 articles were reviewed, and most of them showed that educating patients about the side effects of medications is an important aspect in the maintenance and promotion of patients\' health and safety. Only very few studies were conducted that reported the explanation of serious side effects to negatively affect the adherence of patients to their medications. The current review concludes that explanation of side effects of a drug is not an easy process and needs cooperation between healthcare providers, and each patient should be treated individually with a balance between how much a patient needs to know and avoiding unnecessary details. The patient should be involved in the treatment decision by keeping open and easy access on contact with the healthcare system in case of any adverse effect that affects patients\' health and treatment.
Reflection on the Identity of the Outermost Indonesian Community on Sebatik Island through Malaysian Television Broadcasts
Authors: Briandana Rizki , Marta Rustono Farady , Azmawati Azman Azwan
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze the interpretation of Indonesian people in Sebatik Island towards Malaysian television programs. The Sebatik community is a marginalized community who does not have access to Indonesian television broadcasts. To get Indonesian television broadcasts, they have to buy satellite dishes which the majority of the people of Sebatik Island cannot afford. But on the other hand there is a leak of Malaysian television broadcasts in the Sebatik Island area. In this case, they rely on Malaysian television broadcasts which are very accessible at all times. This situation continued for many years and Malaysian television broadcasts became the main source of communication media. This study uses the theory of Interpretive Communities, Stanley Fish. The methodology used in this study is reception analysis through focus group discussions, and observation as a data collection technique. Focus Group Discussion was conducted on the people of Sebatik Island who met the criteria in the study. The results showed that Malaysian television broadcasts were used as the main television broadcast of the Sebatik community in their daily lives. Malaysian television which contains the values and meanings of the Malaysian state is interpreted by the Indonesian people on the border of Sebatik Island. The interpretation results show that life in Malaysia is an ideal and perfect life for the people of Sebatik Island. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interpretasi masyarakat Indonesia di Pulau Sebatik terhadap program televisi Malaysia. Masyarakat Sebatik adalah masyarakat terpinggir yang tidak memiliki akses siaran televisi Indonesia. Untuk mendapatkan siaran televisi Indonesia, mereka harus membeli parabola yang harganya tidak mampu dibayar oleh mayoritas masyarakat Pulau Sebatik. Namun disisi lain terdapat kebocoran siaran televisi Malaysia di kawasan Pulau Sebatik. Dalam hal ini, mereka mengandalkan siaran televisi Malaysia yang sangat mudah diakses setiap saat. Situasi ini berlangsung selama bertahun-tahun dan siaran televisi Malaysia menjadi sumber utama media komunikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Interpretive Communities, Stanley Fish. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis resepsi melalui focus group discussion, dan observasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Focus Group Discussion dilakukan terhadap masyarakat Pulau Sebatik yang memenuhi kriteria dalam penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siaran televisi Malaysia digunakan sebagai siaran televisi utama komunitas Sebatik dalam kesehariannya. Televisi Malaysia yang bermuatan nilai dan makna negara Malaysia di interpretasi oleh masyarakat Indonesia di perbatasan Pulau Sebatik. Hasil interpretasi menunjukan, kehidupan yang ada di Malaysia merupakan kehidupan yang ideal dan sempurna bagi masyarakat Pulau Sebatik.
Evaluation of Left Ventricle Performance in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease Using Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in Comparison with Echocardiography
Authors: Mohammed Marrwa K. , Kadam Satar M. , Essa Samar I.
Published: December 2021

Background: Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of the diastolic heart failure. Risk of heart failures was increased with microvascular coronary disease, which is characterized by left ventricular stiffness  with impaired relaxation and reduced compliance. Aim of this study is to estimate the effect of the severity of myocardium ischemia on the left ventricle ejection fraction and left ventricular volume using SPECT with 99mTc MIBI and to compare the results  with the echocardiography. The study included 117 subjects with ischemic heart disease were examined using SPECT and echocardiography techniques. The following parameters were measured: left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) , left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) , and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results show that the change difference in EDV between the two technique was (98.79%) with insignificant (p > 0.05). While the change in the LVEF% between both groups was (105.40%) with significant (p <0.05). On the other hand, the difference in ESV and EDV/ESV ratio for both groups were (95.52%), and (103.61%) respectively with insignificant (p >0.05). It was concluded that SPECT with 99mTc MIBI had a good relation with the echocardiography technique for evaluation of the left ventricular ejection fraction and the left ventricular volumes. The results showed that  LVEF was decreased in patients with severe ischemic disease.
A Theoretical Study for Designing Optical Multilayer Films Using NdF3/ ThF4
Authors: Al-Assadi Zainab I.
Published: December 2021

An idea of a colored glaze is presented in this study to hide and dispose all the obstacles of using solar systems as facades integrated with buildings. This aim is achieved  by designing multilayer optical interference filters by using Mat lab program . Appropriate dielectric materials, namely NdF3 of high refractive index (nH =1.6)  and ThF4 of low refractive index (nL =1.5143) were employed. Quarter wave thicknesses of high (H) and low (L) refractive index were deposited on a microscopic slide substrate with n=1.513 and 550 nm design wavelength (l°). Two optical models were designed, which are Air//HL//glass and Air//LH//glass,  for even numbers of layers (2-32 layers). The challenge in this study is to find the most efficient design which has lower solar reflectance (Rsol.) and higher solar transmittance (Tsol.) to raise the efficiency of the solar systems  and, in parallel, obtain the colored reflection to achieve the esthetic appearance of the buildings integrated with the solar system facades. The Tsol. value was high (94-95 %), whereas the Rsol. was very low  (4-5 %). Hence, the  efficiency of the solar system was increased. The two optical models exhibited green color reflectance in the visible region. The first design, i.e. Air/HL/glass, showed higher values of  Rvis.  and the merit factor (M) than the second model, resulting in a higher potential of coloration. The first design requires fewer materials and layers, thus, it is more cost-effective as compared to the second one.
Gastrectomia em Y de Roux na abordagem terapêutica da obesidade, diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial: reconhecimentos anatômicos
Authors: Emiliano Mariana Cristina Flores , Oliveira Antônio Henrique Fagundes Diniz , Cordier Gabriela Bicalho , Paula Giovane Carvalho Constantino Ferreira de , Barros Lucas Rodrigues Pereira , Silvestre Vitor Avelar , Bar Stael Fernandes , Lima Geraldo José de Souza
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Compreender a correlação das estruturas anatômicas envolvidas na gastrectomia em Y de Roux com os efeitos terapêuticos para tratamento da obesidade, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) e hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS). Revisão bibliográfica: A Gastrectomia em Y de Roux (GBYR) é um procedimento cirúrgico que se baseia no desvio das vias gastroentéricas e formação de estruturas anatômicas não naturais. Possui caráter restritivo, pois se baseia na formação de uma câmera gástrica com capacidade de armazenamento reduzida, e disabsortivo, devido ao desvio realizado da estrutura jejunal e anastomose enteroentérica. Como consequência, ocorre perda intensa de peso. É realizado por método laparoscópico com dois grampeamentos do saco gástrico, formando uma neocâmara gástrica, com gastroenteroanastomose e manutenção da alça biliopancreática. Destaca-se a lipólise abdominal e descompressão de estruturas abdominais pela gordura central, bem como a redução da secreção de grelina e aumento da síntese do peptídeo semelhante ao glucagon 1 (GLP-1) atuando terapeuticamente na obesidade, DM2 e HAS. Considerações finais: A GBYR é o método padrão-ouro, seguro e eficaz, para tratamento da obesidade, da hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes mellitus tipo 2. O domínio anatômico é imprescindível à boa execução da técnica e minimização de efeitos adversos.
Método Pilates na funcionalidade do membro superior de mulheres mastectomizadas
Authors: Ferreira Kalilia Cristina das Merces , Santos Ana Paula Nascimento dos , Holanda Michelle Castro da Silva , Abdoral Patrick Roberto Gomes , Rodrigues Larissa Siqueira , Coelho Cybelle Silva do Couto , França Iranete Corpes Oliveira , Couto Mayra Herminia Simões Hamad Farias do , Miranda Cláudia Jeane Claudino de Pontes , Silva Susanne Cristine Brito e
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do Método Pilates na funcionalidade de mulheres submetidas à Mastectomia Radical. Métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico com participantes na faixa etária entre 30 e 61 anos, que realizaram um programa de reabilitação fisioterapêutica através do Método Pilates em um período de 3 meses. Antes e após o protocolo de tratamento, avaliou-se a amplitude de movimento através de Goniometria, teste de força muscular manual e funcionalidade por meio da Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF). Resultados: 22 participantes foram avaliadas, destas 11 foram excluídas: 3 pacientes por não preencherem os critérios de inclusão; 6 por excesso de faltas e 2 desistências. As 11 pacientes que concluíram o programa de reabilitação, apresentaram melhora significativa na amplitude dos movimentos do ombro (flexão, extensão, abdução e adução) (p<0.05), flexo-extensão do cotovelo e inclinação lateral da coluna cervical (p<0.05), além de incremento na independência funcional (p<0.004) e força muscular para os principais grupos musculares: flexores, extensores, abdutores e rotadores internos de ombro (p<0.0001). Conclusão: O Método do Pilates mostrou-se eficaz nesta amostra na melhora da funcionalidade de mulheres submetidas à Mastectomia Radical, promovendo ganho na amplitude de movimento e da força.
Differential effects of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on maize growth in phosphate-fertilized and unfertilized acid soil
Authors: Paul Ishita , Steingrobe Bernd , Bhadoria Pratap Bhanu Singh
Published: December 2021

Biofertilizers may be developed using indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and phosphatesolubilizing microorganisms (PSM) isolated from rhizosphere of maize grown on acid laterite soil in eastern India. Microbial colonies thus screened yielded a pigmented, gram negative eubacterial strain which solubilized P bound as ferric phosphate. Fungal inocula for AM were prepared from dried rootlets. Potcultivated maize seedlings were inoculated with PSM and AM fungal propagules under application of two levels of inorganic P (0 and 100 mg/kg soil). Analysis of shoot samples and rhizosphere soil harvested at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) indicated that AM fungi efficiently acquired P for the seedlings in highly depleted soil, gaining over 186% shoot biomass over non-inoculated seedlings in P-0 condition. Inoculation with PSMs gave high concentrations of mobilized P in rhizosphere under P100 condition. Joint treatment with AM, PSM and P100 gave more than 32% increase in shoot dry weight at 40 DAS over solo P100 application – significantly higher than the next best level of shoot biomass obtained (12.4% over solo P100 application) at AM treatment under P0 condition. These results indicated opposite nutrient utilization strategies by AM fungi and PSM in maize rhizosphere, emphasizing holistic application of native biofertilizer components.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Rheum species (Endangered Medicinal Herb of Indian Himalayan Region) using Molecular Markers
Authors: Uniyal Anjali , Kumar Akhilesh , Upadhyay Sweta , Kumar Vijay , Gupta Sanjay
Published: December 2021

The Rheum species are important medicinal plants that are facing extinction due to their unplanned development and overexploitation by pharmaceutical industries. DNA polymorphisms are not prone to environmental modifications, thus they are widely used for the identification and characterization of plants. The use of different molecular markers has enabled the researchers for the valuation of genetic variability and diversity in its natural zone of distribution. The conventional approach may take several years to yield this information. For the estimation of molecular and genetic variations in geographical zone of distribution, various molecular markers technique are available like RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA), RFLP (Restriction fragment length polymorphism), ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats), SSR and AFLP. The uses of different molecular markers for the study of genetic diversity have been discussed in the review.
Optimization by fractional factorial design to initiate L-asparaginase production by Enterobacter xiangfangenesis
Authors: Navghare Priyanka N. , Patil Niranjan P. , Sathe Shivaji J.
Published: December 2021

L-asparaginase has been used world wide as a potential anticancerous agent as well as an excellent food processing aid. In industrial production processes, process optimization is critical because even minor improvements can make a big difference in terms of commercial success. The adjustment of nutritional and physical parameters in any bioprocess would result in an increase in the productivity of any metabolite. The production of L-asparaginase in the current study with implementation of statistical design (fractional factorial design) increased to about 109.72 IU/ml by Enterobacter xiangfangensis. The significant factors that raised the L-asparaginase production were: Lasparagine (1g%) [Factor: A], maltose (0.25g%) [Factor: B], pH (6.3)[Factor : C] and KH2PO4 (0.2 g%) [Factor : D]. The sequential contributing factors that increased L-asparaginase production according to the model represented by Pareto charts were Lasparagine [Factor: A], maltose [Factor: B] and combination of L-asparagine – maltose [Factors AB] respectively. The normal plot represented the model to be acceptable and considerable. The predicted as well as experimental values appeared closed to each other graphically. The model F-value was 9.62 indicating that the model was statistically significant.
Rice Straw Hydrolysis and Cultivation of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous for Astaxanthin Production and Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Phoproek Pasinee , Saenjum Chalermpong , Tinoi Jidapha
Published: December 2021

Astaxanthin is a natural pigment with strong antioxidant activity and is widely supplied as dietary supplement. The red yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous is one of the potential sources for astaxanthin production. Rice straw was considered for utilization on cultivation and astaxanthin production. Rice straw was treated by autoclave-assisted alkaline pretreatment. and hydrolyzed by cellulase hydrolysis. X. dendrorhous TISTR5730 was cultured and accumulated as the astaxanthin on rice straw hydrolysate. The highest reducing sugar concentration of rice straw hydrolysate was 89.82±0.39g/L (0.71±0.01g/g) when using rice straw (3.3%) and cellulase loading (3 mL). High cell density X. dendrohous TISTR5730 cultivation on rice straw hydrolysate with 20 and 40 g/L of initial reducing sugar was investigated. 40 g/L was appropriate for biomass production while 20 g/L was suitable for astaxanthin accumulation. The highest astaxanthin content was 417.28±50.89 μg/g cell basis at 192 h. Astaxanthin productivity and yield coefficient were 0.01±0.00 mg/L/h and 0.11±0.01 mg/g sugar consumed. The antioxidant activities of astaxanthin were determined by DPPH and ABTS scavenging and FRAP reducing power. The produced astaxanthin represented the high antioxidant activities with IC50 of 9.30 and 1.67 μg/mL of DPPH and ABTS scavenging respectively and FRAP reducing power of 5.31±0.07 μg TEAC/mL. This research indicated that rice straw hydrolysate could be an alternative medium for astaxanthin production. Antioxidant activity of astaxanthin was proved and was feasible for further applications.
Effect of Rhizoctonia spp. on Polyphenol Oxidase Enzyme Activity in Alfalfa Seedling
Authors: Demir D. , Eken C. , Çelik E. , Alkan N.
Published: December 2021

Soil borne diseases cause significant losses on quantity and quality of many crop species annually. Rhizoctonia is a widespread and ecologically diverse soilborne fungus causing different types of diseases in many plant species including alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Rhizoctonia species have been traditionally identified based on the cell nuclear condition. Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) are ubiquitous copper-containing enzymes that are widely occurring enzymes among plants. PPOs are involved in the oxidation of polyphenols into quinones (antimicrobial compounds) and lignification of plant cells that contribute to the formation of defense barriers against pathogens. The study was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of indigenous isolates of a multinucleate (Rhizoctonia solani AG-4) and nineteen isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia on PPO activity in alfalfa (cv. Gea) seedling under in vitro conditions. The activity of PPO enzyme was determined in inoculated and uninoculated control alfalfa plants after ten days from inoculation. There was a significant increase in the activity of PPO after treatment of alfalfa seedling with isolates of Rhizoctonia. Among Rhizoctonia isolates, highest induction of PPO activity was recorded with pathogenic R. solani AG-4. In present study, increased amounts of PPO were also observed in plants that were challenged with Rhizoctonia spp. PPO has a role in catalyzing phenolic oxidation in limiting disease development. PPO may therefore be involved in induction of defense resistance against plant diseases.
Screening and Characterization of Calcite Solubilizing Bacteria isolated from Marble Slurry dumped in Sukher, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Devda Sakshi , Joshi Harshada
Published: December 2021

Rajasthan is known as mineral majestic state as more than 50 types of minerals are produced including marble. Various types of marbles are spread over in 16 belts in 33 districts of the State. Large amount of marble slurry is discharged as a waste generated by the quarries which is dumped in empty pits in the forest area; thereby creating huge dumping area. The present study was undertaken for screening and characterization of calcite solubilizing bacteria from marble slurry collected from dumping yard in Sukher, Udaipur, India. Screening of calcite solubilizing bacteria was done on calcite agar medium. Calcite solubilizing efficiency (CSE) and calcite solubilizing activity index (CSAI) of the isolates were determined using 0.1% calcite agar medium at 37C for 10 days of incubation. Characterization of the isolates was done on the basis of morphological, biochemical and molecular methods. A total of 27 isolates appeared on calcite agar medium after an incubation of 24 hours at 37°C. Among them only 3 isolates namely isolate CS6, CS13 and CS25 showed clear halo zone of 20 mm, 29 mm and 2mm diameters respectively after 10 days of incubation indicating demonstrable calcite solubilizing activity. The maximum CSE and CSAI 362% and 4.62 respectively were observed for isolate CS13. Isolates CS6, CS13 and CS25 were identified as Exiguobacterium aquaticum CS6 (accession no. MK353511), Staphylococcous aureus CS13 (accession no. KY694446) and Bacillus endophyticus CS25 (accession no. MK353513) respectively. Two isolates that showed remarkable calcite solubilizing activity can be further analyzed for their possible use in restoration of marble slurry contaminated soil.
Kriptojenik inme hastalarında lezyon lokalizasyonu ile paroksismal atriyal fibrilasyon arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması
Authors: ÖKSÜZ Nevra , YILMAZ Arda
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Kriptojenik inme, standart vasküler, kardiyak veya serolojik değerlendirmeye rağmen kardiyoembolizm, büyük damar aterosklerozu veya küçük arter hastalığı gibi belli bir etiyolojiye kesin olarak bağlanamayan beyin enfarktüsü olarak tanımlanır. Hastaların yaklaşık üçte birini (%35) oluşturmaktadır. Patofizyolojisinde birçok olası mekanizma tanımlanmış olmasına rağmen daha çok kardiyak nedenler suçlanmıştır. Paroksismal atriyal fibrilasyon bu nedenlerden biridir. Internal karotis arter veya vertebral arterlerden kaynaklanan emboli tek sulama alanında enfarkt ile karşımıza çıkarken, kalp ya da asendan aortadan kaynaklanan emboli bazen bir, bazen birden fazla arter sulama alanında enfarkt ile karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. Buradan yola çıkarak çalışmamızda tek veya birden fazla sulama alanında enfarktı olan hastalarda, paroksismal atriyal fibrilasyon varlığı açısından fark olup olmadığını araştırdık. Yöntem: Bu amaçla, serebral dolaşımı üç ana alana ayırdık; sağ ön, sol ön ve arka dolaşım. Bu alanların herhangi ikisinde enfarktı olan hastaları multiple serebral enfarkt, tek alanda enfarktı olanları ise tek serebral alan enfarkt grubuna dahil ettik. Her iki gruba yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımı açısından benzerlik gösteren otuzar kriptojenik inme hastası aldık ve tüm hastalara 24 saat süre ile Holter elektrokardiyografi, 12 derivasyonlu elektrokardiyografi, transtorasik ekokardiyografi, beyin manyetik rezonans görüntüleme, bilgisayarlı tomografi ve/veya manyetik rezonans anjiografi uyguladık. Bulgular: Paroksismal atriyal fibrilasyon, multiple serebral enfarkt grubunda %26.7 (n=8) ve tek serebral alan enfarkt grubunda %20.0 (n=6) oranında gözlendi. Sonuç: Paroksismal atriyal fibrilasyon oranları açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. (p=0.260) İstatiksel olarak gruplar arasında anlamlı fark olmaması hasta sayımızın az olmasından kaynaklanmış olabilir.
İlçede öğrenim gören ortaokul öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıkları
Authors: TSCN Kzbn , KOÇOĞLU Deniz
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırma, ilçede öğrenim gören ortaokul öğrencilerinin beslenme alışkanlıklarını belirlemek ve öğrencilerin sosyoekonomik özelliklerine göre beslenme alışkanlıklarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türdedir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu toplam 425 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Verilerin elde edilmesinde sosyodemografik özelliklerin değerlendirildiği, aile refah ölçeğinin yer aldığı ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının incelendiği üç kısımdan oluşan bir anket formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler sayı, yüzde, ortalama olarak özetlenmiş ve ki kare analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma için etik izinler alınmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 12.44±1.26 yıl olup; %50.3’ü erkektir. Her üç ana öğünü atlamadan düzenli olarak tüketen öğrencilerin oranı %63.8 olup, her üç öğünde de dengeli beslenen öğrencilerin oranının %30.3 olduğu bulunmuştur. Okulda geçen saatlerde sıklıkla tost hamburger/ sandviç ve şekerli gıdalar tüketilmektedir. Öğrencilerin öğün atlama ve dengeli beslenme durumunun sosyodemografik /ekonomik duruma göre farklılık göstermediği, sadece baba eğitimi ortaokul ve üzerinde olan öğrencilerin dengeli beslenme oranının (%35.1), baba eğitimi ilkokul ve altı olan öğrencilere göre (%26.7) daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin dengeli beslenme yönünden izlenmesi ve dengeli beslenme için gerekli olanakların sağlanmasının önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.