bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Liver Epithelial Cell-derived Ig Expression in μ chain-deficient mice
Authors: Shao Wenwei , Zhang Chi , Liu Enyang , Zhang Long , Ma Junfan , Zhu Zhu , Gong Xiaoting , Qin Zhihai , Qiu Xiaoyan
Published: March 2016

Growing evidence indicates that B cells are not the only source of immunoglobulin (Ig). To investigate this discovery further, we used μMT mice, which have a disruption of the first transmembrane exon of the μ heavy chain and do not express the membrane form of IgM. These mice lack mature B cells and thus serve as a good model to explore Ig expression by liver epithelial cells. We found that Ig heavy chains (μ, δ, γ and α) and light chains (κ and λ) were expressed in sorted liver epithelial cells of μMT mice. Surprisingly, each heavy chain class showed its respective variable region sequence characteristics in their variable region, instead of sharing the same VDJ usage, which suggests that class switching does not occur in liver epithelial cells. Moreover, the γ and α chains, but not the μ and δ chains, showed mutations in the variable region, thus indicating that different classes of Ig have different activities. Our findings support the concept that non-B cells, liver epithelial cells here, can produce different classes of Ig.
Plant and soil fungal but not soil bacterial communities are linked in long-term fertilized grassland
Authors: Cassman Noriko A. , Leite Marcio F. A. , Pan Yao , de Hollander Mattias , van Veen Johannes A. , Kuramae Eiko E.
Published: March 2016

Inorganic fertilization and mowing alter soil factors with subsequent effects–direct and indirect - on above- and below-ground communities. We explored direct and indirect effects of long-term fertilization (N, P, NPK, Liming) and twice yearly mowing on the plant, bacterial and fungal communities and soil factors. We analyzed co-variation using 16S and 18S rRNA genes surveys, and plant frequency and edaphic factors across treatments. The plant and fungal communities were distinct in the NPK and L treatments, while the bacterial communities and soil factors were distinct in the N and L treatments. Plant community diversity and evenness had low diversity in the NPK and high diversity in the liming treatment, while the diversity and evenness of the bacterial and fungal communities did not differ across treatments, except of higher diversity and evenness in the liming treatment for the bacteria. We found significant co-structures between communities based on plant and fungal comparisons but not between plant and bacterial nor bacterial and fungal comparisons. Our results suggested that the plant and fungal communities are more tightly linked than either community with the bacterial community in fertilized soils. We found co-varying plant, bacterial and fungal taxa in different treatments that may indicate ecological interactions.
Paeonol and danshensu combination attenuates apoptosis in myocardial infarcted rats by inhibiting oxidative stress: Roles of Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Li Hua , Song Fan , Duan Lin-Rui , Sheng Juan-Juan , Xie Yan-Hua , Yang Qian , Chen Ying , Dong Qian-Qian , Zhang Bang-Le , Wang Si-Wang
Published: March 2016

Paeonol and danshensu is the representative active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs Cortex Moutan and Radix Salviae Milthiorrhizae, respectively. Paeonol and danshensu combination (PDSS) has putative cardioprotective effects in treating ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, the evidence for the protective effect is scarce and the pharmacological mechanisms of the combination remain unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of PDSS on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in rats and to elucidate the potential mechanism. Assays of creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponin I and T and histopathological analysis revealed PDSS significantly prevented myocardial injury induced by ISO. The ISO-induced profound elevation of oxidative stress was also suppressed by PDSS. TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assay showed that PDSS significantly inhibited apoptosis in myocardia. In exploring the underlying mechanisms of PDSS, we found PDSS enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in myocardial injured rats. Furthermore, PDSS increased phosphorylated PI3K and Akt, which may in turn activate antioxidative and antiapoptotic signaling events in rat. These present findings demonstrated that PDSS exerts significant cardioprotective effects against ISO-induced myocardial infarction in rats. The protective effect is, at least partly, via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and involvement of the PI3K/Akt cell survival signaling pathway.
Applicability of the Rayleigh equation for enantioselective metabolism of chiral xenobiotics by microsomes, hepatocytes and in-vivo retention in rabbit tissues
Authors: Jammer Shifra , Gelman Faina , Lev Ovadia
Published: March 2016

In this study we propose a new approach for analyzing the enantioselective biodegradation of some antidepressant drugs mediated by human and rat liver microsomes by using the Rayleigh equation to describe the enantiomeric enrichment−conversion dependencies. Analysis of reported degradation data of additional six pesticides, an alpha blocker and a flame retardant by microsomes or hepatocytes in vitro reaffirmed the universality of the approach. In all the in vitro studied cases that involved enantioselective degradation, a Rayleigh dependence of the enantiomeric enrichment was observed. Published data regarding in vivo retention of myclobutanil in liver, kidney, muscle and brain tissues of rabbits following injection of the racemate were remodeled showing prevalence of the Rayleigh law for the chiral enrichment of the fungicide in the various tissues. This approach will revolutionize data organization in metabolic pathway research of target xenobiotics by either liver microsomes, hepatocytes or their organ-specific in vivo retention. The fact that the enantiomeric enrichment as a function of the conversion can be described by a single quantifier, will pave the road for the use of structure activity predictors of the enantiomeric enrichment and for mechanistic discrimination based on parametric dependence of the quantifier.
A Controlled Design of Aligned and Random Nanofibers for 3D Bi-functionalized Nerve Conduits Fabricated via a Novel Electrospinning Set-up
Authors: Kim Jeong In , Hwang Tae In , Aguilar Ludwig Erik , Park Chan Hee , Kim Cheol Sang
Published: March 2016

Scaffolds made of aligned nanofibers are favorable for nerve regeneration due to their superior nerve cell attachment and proliferation. However, it is challenging not only to produce a neat mat or a conduit form with aligned nanofibers but also to use these for surgical applications as a nerve guide conduit due to their insufficient mechanical strength. Furthermore, no studies have been reported on the fabrication of aligned nanofibers and randomly-oriented nanofibers on the same mat. In this study, we have successfully produced a mat with both aligned and randomly-oriented nanofibers by using a novel electrospinning set up. A new conduit with a highly-aligned electrospun mat is produced with this modified electrospinning method, and this proposed conduit with favorable features, such as selective permeability, hydrophilicity and nerve growth directional steering, were fabricated as nerve guide conduits (NGCs). The inner surface of the nerve conduit is covered with highly aligned electrospun nanofibers and is able to enhance the proliferation of neural cells. The central part of the tube is double-coated with randomly-oriented nanofibers over the aligned nanofibers, strengthening the weak mechanical strength of the aligned nanofibers.
Human DNA polymerase α in binary complex with a DNA:DNA template-primer
Authors: Coloma Javier , Johnson Robert E. , Prakash Louise , Prakash Satya , Aggarwal Aneel K.
Published: April 2016

The Polα/primase complex assembles the short RNA-DNA fragments for priming of lagging and leading strand DNA replication in eukaryotes. As such, the Polα polymerase subunit encounters two types of substrates during primer synthesis: an RNA:DNA helix and a DNA:DNA helix. The engagement of the polymerase subunit with the DNA:DNA helix has been suggested as the of basis for primer termination in eukaryotes. However, there is no structural information on how the Polα polymerase subunit actually engages with a DNA:DNA helix during primer synthesis. We present here the first crystal structure of human Polα polymerase subunit in complex with a DNA:DNA helix. Unexpectedly, we find that portion of the DNA:DNA helix in contact with the polymerase is not in a B-form but in a hybrid A-B form. Almost all of the contacts observed previously with an RNA primer are preserved with a DNA primer – with the same set of polymerase residues tracking the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA or RNA primer. Thus, rather than loss of specific contacts, the free energy cost of distorting DNA from B- to hybrid A-B form may augur the termination of primer synthesis in eukaryotes.
Coding accuracy on the psychophysical scale
Authors: Kostal Lubomir , Lansky Petr
Published: March 2016

Sensory neurons are often reported to adjust their coding accuracy to the stimulus statistics. The observed match is not always perfect and the maximal accuracy does not align with the most frequent stimuli. As an alternative to a physiological explanation we show that the match critically depends on the chosen stimulus measurement scale. More generally, we argue that if we measure the stimulus intensity on the scale which is proportional to the perception intensity, an improved adjustment in the coding accuracy is revealed. The unique feature of stimulus units based on the psychophysical scale is that the coding accuracy can be meaningfully compared for different stimuli intensities, unlike in the standard case of a metric scale.
CADM1 inhibits squamous cell carcinoma progression by reducing STAT3 activity
Authors: Vallath Sabari , Sage Elizabeth K. , Kolluri Krishna K. , Lourenco Sofia N. , Teixeira Vitor S. , Chimalapati Suneeta , George P. Jeremy , Janes Sam M. , Giangreco Adam
Published: April 2016

Although squamous cell carcinomas (SqCCs) of the lungs, head and neck, oesophagus and cervix account for up to 30% of cancer deaths, the mechanisms that regulate disease progression remain incompletely understood. Here, we use gene transduction and human tumor xenograft assays to establish that the tumour suppressor Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) inhibits SqCC proliferation and invasion, processes fundamental to disease progression. We determine that the extracellular domain of CADM1 mediates these effects by forming a complex with HER2 and integrin α6β4 at the cell surface that disrupts downstream STAT3 activity. We subsequently show that treating CADM1 null tumours with the JAK/STAT inhibitor ruxolitinib mimics CADM1 gene restoration in preventing SqCC growth and metastases. Overall, this study identifies a novel mechanism by which CADM1 prevents SqCC progression and suggests that screening tumours for loss of CADM1 expression will help identify those patients most likely to benefit from JAK/STAT targeted chemotherapies.
The effects of maternal anxiety during pregnancy on IGF2/H19 methylation in cord blood
Authors: Mansell T , Novakovic B , Meyer B , Rzehak P , Vuillermin P , Ponsonby A-L , Collier F , Burgner D , Saffery R , Ryan J ,   BIS investigator team, Vuillermin Peter , Ponsonby Anne-Louise , Carlin John B , Allen Katie J , Tang Mimi L , Saffery Richard , Ranganathan Sarath , Burgner David , Dwyer Terry , Jachno Kim , Sly Peter
Published: March 2016

Compelling evidence suggests that maternal mental health in pregnancy can influence fetal development. The imprinted genes, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and H19, are involved in fetal growth and each is regulated by DNA methylation. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal mental well-being during pregnancy and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of IGF2 (DMR0) and the IGF2/H19 imprinting control region (ICR) in newborn offspring. Maternal depression, anxiety and perceived stress were assessed at 28 weeks of pregnancy in the Barwon Infant Study (n=576). DNA methylation was measured in purified cord blood mononuclear cells using the Sequenom MassArray Platform. Maternal anxiety was associated with a decrease in average ICR methylation (Δ=−2.23%; 95% CI=−3.68 to −0.77%), and across all six of the individual CpG units in anxious compared with non-anxious groups. Birth weight and sex modified the association between prenatal anxiety and infant methylation. When stratified into lower (⩽3530 g) and higher (>3530 g) birth weight groups using the median birth weight, there was a stronger association between anxiety and ICR methylation in the lower birth weight group (Δ=−3.89%; 95% CI=−6.06 to −1.72%), with no association in the higher birth weight group. When stratified by infant sex, there was a stronger association in female infants (Δ=−3.70%; 95% CI=−5.90 to −1.51%) and no association in males. All the linear regression models were adjusted for maternal age, smoking and folate intake. These findings show that maternal anxiety in pregnancy is associated with decreased IGF2/H19 ICR DNA methylation in progeny at birth, particularly in female, low birth weight neonates. ICR methylation may help link poor maternal mental health and adverse birth outcomes, but further investigation is needed.
Genome-wide association study of lifetime cannabis use based on a large meta-analytic sample of 32 330 subjects from the International Cannabis Consortium
Authors: Stringer S , Minică C C , Verweij K J H , Mbarek H , Bernard M , Derringer J , van Eijk K R , Isen J D , Loukola A , Maciejewski D F , Mihailov E , van der Most P J , Sánchez-Mora C , Roos L , Sherva R , Walters R , Ware J J , Abdellaoui A , Bigdeli T B , Branje S J T , Brown S A , Bruinenberg M , Casas M , Esko T , Garcia-Martinez I , Gordon S D , Harris J M , Hartman C A , Henders A K , Heath A C , Hickie I B , Hickman M , Hopfer C J , Hottenga J J , Huizink A C , Irons D E , Kahn R S , Korhonen T , Kranzler H R , Krauter K , van Lier P A C , Lubke G H , Madden P A F , Mägi R , McGue M K , Medland S E , Meeus W H J , Miller M B , Montgomery G W , Nivard M G , Nolte I M , Oldehinkel A J , Pausova Z , Qaiser B , Quaye L , Ramos-Quiroga J A , Richarte V , Rose R J , Shin J , Stallings M C , Stiby A I , Wall T L , Wright M J , Koot H M , Paus T , Hewitt J K , Ribasés M , Kaprio J , Boks M P , Snieder H , Spector T , Munafò M R , Metspalu A , Gelernter J , Boomsma D I , Iacono W G , Martin N G , Gillespie N A , Derks E M , Vink J M
Published: March 2016

Cannabis is the most widely produced and consumed illicit psychoactive substance worldwide. Occasional cannabis use can progress to frequent use, abuse and dependence with all known adverse physical, psychological and social consequences. Individual differences in cannabis initiation are heritable (40–48%). The International Cannabis Consortium was established with the aim to identify genetic risk variants of cannabis use. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data of 13 cohorts (N=32 330) and four replication samples (N=5627). In addition, we performed a gene-based test of association, estimated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability and explored the genetic correlation between lifetime cannabis use and cigarette use using LD score regression. No individual SNPs reached genome-wide significance. Nonetheless, gene-based tests identified four genes significantly associated with lifetime cannabis use:NCAM1,CADM2,SCOCandKCNT2. Previous studies reported associations ofNCAM1with cigarette smoking and other substance use, and those ofCADM2with body mass index, processing speed and autism disorders, which are phenotypes previously reported to be associated with cannabis use. Furthermore, we showed that, combined across the genome, all common SNPs explained 13–20% (P<0.001) of the liability of lifetime cannabis use. Finally, there was a strong genetic correlation (rg=0.83;P=1.85 × 10−8) between lifetime cannabis use and lifetime cigarette smoking implying that the SNP effect sizes of the two traits are highly correlated. This is the largest meta-analysis of cannabis GWA studies to date, revealing important new insights into the genetic pathways of lifetime cannabis use. Future functional studies should explore the impact of the identified genes on the biological mechanisms of cannabis use.
A practical method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of twelve anthraquinone derivatives in rhubarb by a single-marker based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography and chemometric analysis
Authors: Tan Peng , Zhang Le , Zhao Yan-ling , Zhang Cong-en , Niu Ming , Xiao Xiao-he , Wang Jia-bo
Published: March 2016

This study has provided a simple but widely applicable QAMS method for simultaneous quantitative analysis of 12 anthraquinone derivatives in rhubarbs.
Interaction between copper and carbon nanotubes triggers their mutual role in the enhanced photodegradation of p-chloroaniline
Authors: Khusnun N. F. , Jalil A. A. , Triwahyono S. , Jusoh N. W. C. , Johari A. , Kidam K.
Published: March 2016

Copper (Cu, 1–5 wt%) was loaded onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by a simple electrochemical method.
Bovine serum albumin–cobalt(ii) Schiff base complex hybrid: an efficient artificial metalloenzyme for enantioselective sulfoxidation using hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Tang Jie , Huang Fuping , Wei Yi , Bian Hedong , Zhang Wei , Liang Hong
Published: March 2016

An artificial metalloenzyme (BSA–CoL) based on the incorporation of a cobalt(ii) Schiff base complex {CoL, H2L = 2,2′-[(1,2-ethanediyl)bis(nitrilopropylidyne)]bisphenol} with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been synthesized and characterized.
System-level network simulation for robust centrifugal-microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems
Authors: Schwarz I. , Zehnle S. , Hutzenlaub T. , Zengerle R. , Paust N.
Published: March 2016

Advanced lumped element models for two phase flow in centrifugal microfluidics allow for fast layout of highly integrated centrifugal microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip systems.
Efficient degradation of organic pollutants and hydrogen evolution by g-C3N4 using melamine as the precursor and urea as the modifier
Authors: Wang Peng , Sun Shihan , Zhang Xueyu , Ge Xin , Lü Wei
Published: March 2016

A novel metal-free photocatalyst g-C3N4/g-C3N4 isotypeheterojunction has been successfully fabricated. More importantly, the as-obtained material exhibits remarkable enhanced photocatalytic properties owing to the designed visible-light bandgap and band edges..
One-pot synthesis of nitrogen-enriched carbon spheres for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Lin Fuquan , Wang Yonghao , Lin Zhang
Published: March 2016

Nitrogen-enriched carbon spheres (NECS) with high nitrogen content (10.21 wt%) had been prepared and presented superior Cr(vi) removal capacity as high as 279 mg g−1.
Simultaneous detection of fifteen biogenic amines in animal derived products by HPLC-FLD with solid-phase extraction after derivatization with dansyl chloride
Authors: Zhu Huaping , Yang Shanshan , Zhang Yan , Fang Guozhen , Wang Shuo
Published: March 2016

After extraction, derivatization and purification, fifteen kinds of biogenic amines in meat were separated and quantitated by HPLC-FLD.
Highly sensitive voltammetric determination of kanamycin based on aptamer sensor for signal amplification
Authors: Song Hai-Yan , Kang Tian-Fang , Li Na-Na , Lu Li-Ping , Cheng Shui-Yuan
Published: March 2016

In this paper, a novel aptamer sensor for kanamycin was prepared by using a complementary DNA (cDNA) strand of kanamycin aptamer as sensor and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a biocatalyst for signal amplification.
Simultaneous quantification of six sesquiterpene lactones and a flavonoid in the whole life stage of Inula salsoloides by high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Bai Lu , Jiang Mi , Guo Sen , Liu Qingchao , Zhang Xinxin , Tian Xiao , Zhang Li , Ho Chi-Tang , Bai Naisheng
Published: March 2016

Sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids are the most bioactive substances in Chinese herbal medicine Inula salsoloides.
Crystalline-like structures and multilayering in Langmuir films of ionic liquids at the air–water interface
Authors: Filipe Eduardo. J. M. , Morgado Pedro , Teixeira Miguel , Shimizu Karina , Bonatout Nathalie , Goldmann Michel , Canongia Lopes José Nuno
Published: March 2016

Langmuir films of [C18mim][NTf2] ionic liquid exhibited, for the first time, the reversible formation of crystalline-like structures at the surface of water, compatible with the formation of multilayers.
Host–guest interaction enhanced aggregation-induced emission and its application in cell imaging
Authors: Zhou Jiong , Hua Bin , Shao Li , Feng Hao , Yu Guocan
Published: March 2016

A host–guest inclusion complex based on a monofunctionalized pillar[5]arene and a tetraphenylethene derivative was prepared, resulting in an enhanced emission from the tetraphenylethene-based guest, which was applied in cell imaging.
Controllable electronic and magnetic properties in a two-dimensional germanene heterostructure
Authors: Zhang Run-wu , Ji Wei-xiao , Zhang Chang-wen , Li Sheng-shi , Li Ping , Wang Pei-ji , Li Feng , Ren Miao-juan
Published: March 2016

Based on first-principles calculation, we predict a new kind of ferromagnetic half-metal (HM) with a Curie temperature of 244 K in a two dimensional (2D) germanene vdW heterostructure.
CdSe-sensitized branched CdS hierarchical nanostructures for efficient photoelectrochemical solar hydrogen generation
Authors: Han Zonghu , Wang Meng , Chen Xiangyan , Shen Shaohua
Published: March 2016

CdSe-sensitized branched CdS hierarchical nanostructures showed an improved photoelectrochemical performance for solar hydrogen generation as a result of the synergy of improved optical absorption and promoted charge separation.
Dynamics and spectroscopy of CH2OO excited electronic states
Authors: Kalinowski Jaroslaw , Foreman Elizabeth S. , Kapnas Kara M. , Murray Craig , Räsänen Markku , Benny Gerber R.
Published: March 2016

Ab initio molecular dynamics with a high level of theory is used to explore the fate of a Criegee intermediate after an initial electronic excitation. Results are confronted with experiments.
Electric field control of the magnetic anisotropy energy of double-vacancy graphene decorated by iridium atoms
Authors: Ge Gui-Xian , Li Ying-Bin , Wang Guang-Hou , Wan Jian-Guo
Published: March 2016

The system of Ir@DV possesses large MAE and the amplitude of MAE can be easily manipulated by electric fields.
Photoprotection and triplet energy transfer in higher plants: the role of electronic and nuclear fluctuations
Authors: Cupellini Lorenzo , Jurinovich Sandro , Prandi Ingrid G. , Caprasecca Stefano , Mennucci Benedetta
Published: March 2016

Photosynthetic organisms employ several photoprotection strategies to avoid damage due to the excess energy in high light conditions.
Partial oxidation of propane with CO2 on Ru doped catalysts
Authors: Pradhan Sivaram , Upham David C. , Metiu Horia , McFarland Eric W.
Published: March 2016

The catalytic activity and stability of Ru doped CeO2 and Ru doped ZrO2 are investigated and compared for the partial oxidation of propane using carbon dioxide as an oxidant.
The palladium and copper contrast: a twist to products of different chemotypes and altered mechanistic pathways
Authors: Seth Kapileswar , Roy Sudipta Raha , Kumar Asim , Chakraborti Asit K.
Published: March 2016

Unprecedented Pd–Ag/Cu–Ag nanocluster-catalyst switch leads to a phenazine/azoarene twist for non-radical mode C–H activation vs. radical mode N–N self-coupling of anilines.
Can aliphatic anchoring groups be utilised with dyes for p-type dye sensitized solar cells?
Authors: Hao Yan , Wood Christopher J. , Clark Charlotte A. , Calladine James A. , Horvath Raphael , Hanson-Heine Magnus W. D. , Sun Xue-Zhong , Clark Ian P. , Towrie Michael , George Michael W. , Yang Xichuan , Sun Licheng , Gibson Elizabeth A.
Published: March 2016

A series of novel laterally anchoring tetrahydroquinoline derivatives have been synthesized and investigated for their use in NiO-based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells.
Central-metal exchange, improved catalytic activity, photoluminescence properties of a new family of d10 coordination polymers based on the 5,5′-(1H-2,3,5-triazole-1,4-diyl)diisophthalic acid ligand
Authors: Wang Huarui , Huang Chao , Han Yanbing , Shao Zhichao , Hou Hongwei , Fan Yaoting
Published: March 2016

Five d10 coordination polymers (CPs) have been successfully isolated. Central-metal exchange in CP 2 leads to a series of isostructural M(ii)–Cd CPs (M = Cu, Co, Ni) showing improved catalytic activity.
Dual coexisting interconnected graphene nanostructures for high performance supercapacitor applications
Authors: Kim Hyun-Kyung , Kamali Ali Reza , Roh Kwang Chul , Kim Kwang-Bum , Fray Derek John
Published: March 2016

A high-quality hierarchical carbon nanostructure consisting of graphene nanosheets and nanoscrolls can be synthesized by a facile and scalable molten salt method. This carbon nanostructure is here proposed as a high-performance supercapacitor electrode material.
Water – the best solvent for DMAP-mediated dual cyclization towards metal-free first synthesis of fully substituted phthalimides
Authors: Samai Subhasis , Ghosh Debasish , Das Uttam K. , Atta Sanghamitra , Manna Saikat K. , Maiti Dilip K.
Published: March 2016

DMAP in water is exploited for a [2 + 2 + 2] and [3 + 2] cascade dual annulation for the first synthesis of fully-substituted phthalimides.
Unique starch polymer electrolyte for high capacity all-solid-state lithium sulfur battery
Authors: Lin Yue , Li Jie , Liu Kathy , Liu Yexiang , Liu Jin , Wang Xuming
Published: March 2016

Food grade starch flexible electrolyte with unique ionic conductivity at room temperature is reported for all-solid-state lithium sulfur batteries that deliver average capacities of 864 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C for 100 cycles and 388 mA h g−1 at 2 C for 2000 cycles.
Microfluidic CODES: a scalable multiplexed electronic sensor for orthogonal detection of particles in microfluidic channels
Authors: Liu Ruxiu , Wang Ningquan , Kamili Farhan , Sarioglu A. Fatih
Published: March 2016

A scalable multiplexed electronic sensor to orthogonally detect particles in multiple microfluidic channels from a single electrical output.
Metal-assisted addition of a nitrate anion to bis(oxy)enamines. A general approach to the synthesis of α-nitroxy-oxime derivatives from nitronates
Authors: Naumovich Yana A. , Buckland Victoria Emily , Sen'ko Dmitry A. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Khoroshutina Yulia A. , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu. , Ioffe Sema L.
Published: March 2016

α-Nitroxy oxime derivatives have been synthesized by a metal-assisted addition of nitrate anion to bis(oxy)enamines.
An organocatalytic enantioselective vinylogous Mannich reaction of α,α-dicyanoolefins with isatin N-Boc ketimines
Authors: Zhu Yi , Li Yao , Meng Qingbin , Li Xin
Published: March 2016

The first catalytic enantioselective vinylogous Mannich reaction of α,α-dicyanoolefins with ketimines derived from isatins has been developed. High yields and enantioselectivities were observed for the reaction of various ketimines and α,α-dicyanoolefins using a tertiary butyl substituted cinchona alkaloid type squaramide catalyst.
Structural modification and band-gap crossover in indium selenide nanosheets
Authors: Airo Mildred A. , Gqoba Siziwe , Otieno Francis , Moloto Makwena J. , Moloto Nosipho
Published: March 2016

Herein, we report on the synthesis of InSe nanosheets.
Nanogold POxylation: towards always-on fluorescent lung cancer targeting
Authors: Silva A. Sofia , Silva Marta C. , Miguel Sónia P. , Bonifácio Vasco D. B. , Correia Ilídio J. , Aguiar-Ricardo Ana
Published: March 2016

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were POxylated with fluorescent oligomers, synthesized in supercritical CO2, and conjugated with a laminin fragment. Particle design strongly impacts on probes uptake by the A549 cell line.
PdCl2 immobilized on metal–organic framework CuBTC with the aid of ionic liquids: enhanced catalytic performance in selective oxidation of cyclohexene
Authors: Luo Qun-xing , Ji Min , Park Sang-Eon , Hao Ce , Li Yan-qin
Published: March 2016

PdCl2 immobilized on CuBTC with the aid of ILs shows an enhanced catalytic performance in cyclohexene oxidation due to Pd–Cu cooperative catalysis and stabilization of Pd(ii).
An insight into the protospacer adjacent motif of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 with artificially stimulated RNA-guided-Cas9 DNA cleavage flexibility
Authors: Geng Yujie , Deng Zixin , Sun Yuhui
Published: March 2016

The interspace between the protospacer and NGG affects SpyCas9 cleavage, and in vitro annealing with PAMmer facilitates cleavage of non-PAM sites.
Rapid synthesis of macroporous graphene oxide/poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) nanocomposite hydrogels with pH-sensitive behavior by frontal polymerization
Authors: Li Shengfang , Yan Shilin
Published: March 2016

Macroporous pH-sensitive graphene oxide (GO)/poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (PAA) nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared by frontal polymerization (FP) using a solvent mixture composed of DMF and a small quantity of GO water solution as a heat conductive medium.
Systems metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli to enhance the production of flavonoid glucuronides
Authors: Yang Yan , Wang Hui-Min , Tong Yuan-Feng , Liu Min-Zhi , Cheng Ke-Di , Wu Song , Wang Wei
Published: March 2016

Through modulating UDPGA biosynthetic pathway and introducting SbUGT, an engineered strain was constructed to enhance the production of flavonoid glucuronides.
Adsorption of reactive red dye (RR-120) on nanoadsorbent O-carboxymethylchitosan/γ-Fe2O3: kinetic, equilibrium and factorial design studies
Authors: Demarchi Carla Albertina , Chahm Tamiris , Martins Bruna Aparecida , Debrassi Aline , Nedelko Natalia , Ślawska-Waniewska Anna , Dłużewski Piotr , Dynowska Elżbieta , Greneche Jean-Marc , Rodrigues Clovis Antonio
Published: April 2016

In this study, a novel magnetically separable nanoadsorbent, consisting of a γ-Fe2O3andO-carboxymethylchitosan (O-CM), was synthesized in a three-step procedure.
Tunable emission color and mixed valence state via the modified activator site in the AlN-doped Sr3SiO5:Eu phosphor
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Jin , Zhang Haoran , Liu Yingliang , Lei Bingfu , Zhuang Jianle , Cui Jianghu , Peng Mingying , Zhu Yue
Published: March 2016

Mixed valence states of Eu2+/Eu3+ and tunable emission colors were obtained based on the activator-site modification in the AlN co-doped Sr3SiO5:Eu phosphor.
Fabrication of durable anticorrosion superhydrophobic surfaces on aluminum substrates via a facile one-step electrodeposition approach
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Zhao Xia , Li Yantao , Hou Baorong
Published: March 2016

A facile one-step electrodeposition method was used to fabricate a hierarchical papillae-covered SHPS on an Al substrate with enhanced corrosion resistance (corrosion inhibition efficiency ~99.96%) and lotus-like self-cleaning effect.
The dynamics of the β-propeller domain in Kelch protein KLHL40 changes upon nemaline myopathy-associated mutation
Authors: Lambrughi Matteo , Lucchini Matteo , Pignataro Marcello , Sola Marco , Bortolotti Carlo Augusto
Published: March 2016

The nemaline myopathy-associated E528K mutation in the KLHL40 alters the communication between the Kelch propeller blades.
Electronically excited state of neutral/protonated, indole/5-hydroxyinodole–water clusters: a theoretical study
Authors: Omidyan Reza , Omidyan Masoud , Mohammadzadeh Atefeh
Published: March 2016

Simulated IR-spectra of neutral, protonated indole–water clusters calculated at the RI-MP2, RI-CC2/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory at the ground and S1excited states.
Assessment of the interacting mechanism between Candida rugosa lipases and hydroxyapatite and identification of the hydroxyapatite-binding sequence through proteomics and molecular modelling
Authors: Ivić Jovana Trbojević , Dimitrijević Aleksandra , Milosavić Nenad , Bezbradica Dejan , Drakulić Branko J. , Jankulović Marija Gavrović , Pavlović Marija , Rogniaux Helene , Veličković Dušan
Published: April 2016

Hydroxyapatite (HAP), a calcium-phosphate bioactive ceramic, is actively employed in medical and separation sciences.
Genetic engineering of inorganic functional modular materials
Authors: Li Yi , Yu Jihong
Published: March 2016

In silicoenumeration and interpretation of the stacking sequences of layer modules facilitates the innovation of new inorganic functional materials.
Chemoselective dehydrogenative esterification of aldehydes and alcohols with a dimeric rhodium(ii) catalyst
Authors: Cheng Junjie , Zhu Meijuan , Wang Chao , Li Junjun , Jiang Xue , Wei Yawen , Tang Weijun , Xue Dong , Xiao Jianliang
Published: March 2016

A dimeric rhodium(ii) complex catalyses the chemoselective dehydrogenative esterification of aldehydes and alcohols.
Highly efficient synthesis and stereoselective migration reactions of chiral five-membered aza-spiroindolenines: scope and mechanistic understanding
Authors: Wu Qing-Feng , Zheng Chao , Zhuo Chun-Xiang , You Shu-Li
Published: March 2016

Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic dearomatization affords five-membered aza-spiroindolenines, from which enantioenriched Pictet–Spengler-type products are obtained via a highly stereoselective migration.
A calamitic mesogenic near-infrared absorbing croconaine dye/liquid crystalline elastomer composite
Authors: Guo Ling-Xiang , Liu Mei-Hua , Sayed Sayed Mir , Lin Bao-Ping , Keller Patrick , Zhang Xue-Qin , Sun Ying , Yang Hong
Published: March 2016

The first example of a calamitic mesogenic NIR absorbing organic dye YHD796 is reported. The corresponding homogeneously-aligned LCE/YHD796 composite film can perform a fully reversible NIR-stimulated contraction/expansion response.
Influence of fluid flow on the stability and wetting transition of submerged superhydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Xiang Yaolei , Xue Yahui , Lv Pengyu , Li Dandan , Duan Huiling
Published: March 2016

The stability of submerged superhydrophobic surfaces for drag reduction significantly depends on the flow rate by a convective diffusion regime.
Monolithic three-dimensional graphene frameworks derived from inexpensive graphite paper as advanced anodes for microbial fuel cells
Authors: Chen Meiqiong , Zeng Yinxiang , Zhao Yitong , Yu Minghao , Cheng Faliang , Lu Xihong , Tong Yexiang
Published: March 2016

Three dimensional graphene-based frameworks (3DGFs) hold great promise for microbial fuel cells (MFCs) due to their macroporous structure, outstanding electrical conductivity, high surface area and prominent biocompatibility.
A 3D porous Li-rich cathode material with an in situ modified surface for high performance lithium ion batteries with reduced voltage decay
Authors: He Xin , Wang Jun , Wang Rui , Qiu Bao , Frielinghaus Henrich , Niehoff Philip , Liu Haidong , Stan Marian Cristian , Paillard Elie , Winter Martin , Li Jie
Published: March 2016

Porous Li-rich cathode materials with carbonaceous surface coating, prepared by a template assisted approach, showed excellent cycling stability and notably mitigated voltage decay.
A multifunctional core–shell nanoplatform for enhanced cancer cell apoptosis and targeted chemotherapy
Authors: Zhou Fei , Zheng Tingting , Abdel-Halim E. S. , Jiang Liping , Zhu Jun-Jie
Published: March 2016

A novel multifunctional nanoplatform was designed based on the combination of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with nucleolin-targeted and doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanosheets to induce enhanced cancer cell apoptosis and targeted chemotherapy.
Silver-induced reconstruction of an adeninate-based metal–organic framework for encapsulation of luminescent adenine-stabilized silver clusters
Authors: Jonckheere Dries , Coutino-Gonzalez Eduardo , Baekelant Wouter , Bueken Bart , Reinsch Helge , Stassen Ivo , Fenwick Oliver , Richard Fanny , Samorì Paolo , Ameloot Rob , Hofkens Johan , Roeffaers Maarten B. J. , De Vos Dirk E.
Published: March 2016

Luminescent adenine-stabilized silver clusters were created by transforming adeninate bio-MOF-1 to MOF-69A.
New insights into the structure, assembly and biological roles of 10–12 nm connective tissue microfibrils from fibrillin-1 studies
Authors: Jensen Sacha A. , Handford Penny A.
Published: March 2016

The 10–12 nm diameter microfibrils of the extracellular matrix (ECM) impart both structural and regulatory properties to load-bearing connective tissues. The main protein component is the calcium-dependent glycoprotein fibrillin, which assembles into microfibrils at the cell surface in a highly regulated process involving specific proteolysis, multimerization and glycosaminoglycan interactions. In higher metazoans, microfibrils act as a framework for elastin deposition and modification, resulting in the formation of elastic fibres, but they can also occur in elastin-free tissues where they perform structural roles. Fibrillin microfibrils are further engaged in a number of cell matrix interactions such as with integrins, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and the large latent complex of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). Fibrillin-1 (FBN1) mutations are associated with a range of heritable connective disorders, including Marfan syndrome (MFS) and the acromelic dysplasias, suggesting that the roles of 10–12 nm diameter microfibrils are pleiotropic. In recent years the use of molecular, cellular and whole-organism studies has revealed that the microfibril is not just a structural component of the ECM, but through its network of cell and matrix interactions it can exert profound regulatory effects on cell function. In this review we assess what is known about the molecular properties of fibrillin that enable it to assemble into the 10–12 nm diameter microfibril and perform such diverse roles.
Islands as refuges for threatened species: multispecies translocation and evidence of species interactions four decades on
Authors: Ostendorf Bertram , Boardman Wayne S. J. , Taggart David A.
Published: March 2016

Australia has one of the worst mammal extinction rates in the world, with translocations to refuge locations increasingly being advocated to help address problems of species decline. Offshore islands can function as these refuges, removing species from threatening processes and providing a source of animals for reintroduction. Historically, the focus of many island translocations in Australia has been the conservation of a single species, with data on long-term translocation success and population dynamics after release generally lacking. Here we examine the results of a multispecies translocation onto Wedge Island, off the South Australian coast 30–40 years ago. Fewer than a dozen individuals of three species – southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons), black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis pearsonii), and brush-tailed bettong (Bettongia penicillata) – were released. All three species have shown substantial population increase and wombat activity across the island has increased exponentially with >700 burrows detected. Substantial levels of co-use of wombat burrows by rock-wallabies and bettongs were observed, providing clear evidence for interspecies interactions. Rock-wallabies showed a significant preference for wombat-active burrows (45% co-used), whereas bettongs showed a significant preference for wombat-inactive burrows (10% used). This study suggests that islands have significant potential for long-term threatened species conservation and that translocation of an ecosystem engineer may increase habitat complexity and help improve habitat suitability for multiple species and thus increase the overall conservation benefit.
Discovering governing equations from data by sparse identification of nonlinear dynamical systems
Authors: Brunton Steven L. , Proctor Joshua L. , Kutz J. Nathan
Published: March 2016

Significance

Understanding dynamic constraints and balances in nature has facilitated rapid development of knowledge and enabled technology, including aircraft, combustion engines, satellites, and electrical power. This work develops a novel framework to discover governing equations underlying a dynamical system simply from data measurements, leveraging advances in sparsity techniques and machine learning. The resulting models are parsimonious, balancing model complexity with descriptive ability while avoiding overfitting. There are many critical data-driven problems, such as understanding cognition from neural recordings, inferring climate patterns, determining stability of financial markets, predicting and suppressing the spread of disease, and controlling turbulence for greener transportation and energy. With abundant data and elusive laws, data-driven discovery of dynamics will continue to play an important role in these efforts.
Testing theories of financial decision making
Authors: Chambers Christopher P. , Echenique Federico , Saito Kota
Published: March 2016

Significance

This paper uncovers the empirical content of many behavioral models of decisions under uncertainty. Studies of global financial markets often ignore a very important piece of the puzzle: individual behavior. We provide tests (and as such, predictions) about how individuals behave when facing uncertainty, such as that faced in financial or asset markets. Behavior at the individual level must be understood before the behavior of the economy at large can even begin to be understood.
Differential and enhanced response to climate forcing in diarrheal disease due to rotavirus across a megacity of the developing world
Authors: Martinez Pamela P. , King Aaron A. , Yunus Mohammad , Faruque A. S. G. , Pascual Mercedes
Published: March 2016

Significance

Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhea among infants and children worldwide, and is still responsible for over 400,000 deaths per year, affecting mainly developing countries. This study investigates its transmission dynamics and their response to climate forcing, specifically flooding, in the megacity of Dhaka, Bangladesh, with an extensive surveillance record that spans over two decades and is spatially resolved. With a transmission model informed by these data, we show that consideration of different parts of the city, core and periphery, is critical to uncover important differences in seasonal outbreaks and in the effect of the monsoons. Infectious diseases not typically considered climate-sensitive can become so under demographic and environmental conditions of large urban centers of the developing world.
Hunted gazelles evidence cooling, but not drying, during the Younger Dryas in the southern Levant
Authors: Hartman Gideon , Bar-Yosef Ofer , Brittingham Alex , Grosman Leore , Munro Natalie D.
Published: March 2016

Significance

The Terminal Pleistocene Younger Dryas (YD) event is frequently described as a return to glacial conditions. In the southern Levant it has featured prominently in explanations for the transition to agriculture—one of the most significant transformations in human history. This study provides rare local measures of the YD by deriving gazelle isotopic values from archaeological deposits formed by Natufian hunters just prior to and during the YD. The results provide evidence for cooling, but not drying during the YD and help reconcile contradicting climatic reconstructions in the southern Levant. We suggest that cooler conditions likely instigated the establishment of settlements in the Jordan Valley where warmer, more stable conditions enabled higher cereal biomass productivity and ultimately, the transition to agriculture.
Sustained eruptions on Enceladus explained by turbulent dissipation in tiger stripes
Authors: Kite Edwin S. , Rubin Allan M.
Published: March 2016

Significance

Eruptions on the ice moon Enceladus provide access to materials from Enceladus’ ocean. The mechanism that drives and sustains the eruptions is unclear, and it is also not known what sets the rate of volcanism. We found that a simple model in which the erupting fissures are underlain by slots that connect the surface to the ocean can explain the observations. In the model, the slots are mostly filled with water, and Saturn tides drive turbulent water flow in the slots whose dissipation produces enough heat to keep slots open. In turn, long-lived water-filled slots drive a volcano-tectonic feedback that buffers the rate of volcanism to approximately the observed value. Our results suggest that the ocean–surface connection on Enceladus may be sustained on million-year timescales.
Structures of
E
.
coli
σ
S
-transcription initiation complexes provide new insights into polymerase mechanism
Authors: Liu Bin , Zuo Yuhong , Steitz Thomas A.
Published: March 2016

Significance

As RNA polymerase (RNAP) translocates along the DNA template for repetitive nucleotide additions, its active site opens and closes for NTP association and catalysis, and a pyrophosphate ion (PPi) is generated after each nucleotide incorporation. Understanding the role of PPi release is important for elucidating the polymerase mechanism. The structures of the σ
S
-containing transcription initiation complexes (σ
S
-TICs) provide insights into the mechanism of σ
S
-dependent selective gene expression. In addition, the highly stressed σ
S
-TICs trap a PPi at the RNAP active site, a previously unobserved but catalytically relevant functional state. Our study also demonstrates that PPi release is not directly related to either translocation or active site opening but causes extensive conformational changes on the periphery of the RNAP secondary channel.
Stimuli-responsive clustered nanoparticles for improved tumor penetration and therapeutic efficacy
Authors: Li Hong-Jun , Du Jin-Zhi , Du Xiao-Jiao , Xu Cong-Fei , Sun Chun-Yang , Wang Hong-Xia , Cao Zhi-Ting , Yang Xian-Zhu , Zhu Yan-Hua , Nie Shuming , Wang Jun
Published: March 2016

Significance

Successively overcoming a series of biological barriers that cancer nanotherapeutics would encounter upon intravenous administration is required for achieving positive treatment outcomes. A hurdle to this goal is the inherently unfavorable tumor penetration of nanoparticles due to their relatively large sizes. We developed a stimuli-responsive clustered nanoparticle (iCluster) and justified that its adaptive alterations of physicochemical properties (e.g. size, zeta potential, and drug release rate) in accordance with the endogenous stimuli of the tumor microenvironment made possible the ultimate overcoming of these barriers, especially the bottleneck of tumor penetration. Results in varying intractable tumor models demonstrated significantly improved antitumor efficacy of iCluster than its control groups, demonstrating that overcoming these delivery barriers can be achieved by innovative nanoparticle design.
Engineering titania nanostructure to tune and improve its photocatalytic activity
Authors: Cargnello Matteo , Montini Tiziano , Smolin Sergey Y. , Priebe Jacqueline B. , Delgado Jaén Juan J. , Doan-Nguyen Vicky V. T. , McKay Ian S. , Schwalbe Jay A. , Pohl Marga-Martina , Gordon Thomas R. , Lu Yupeng , Baxter Jason B. , Brückner Angelika , Fornasiero Paolo , Murray Christopher B.
Published: March 2016

Significance

This work shows that hole−electron recombination can be controlled by engineering the length of brookite nanorods, and that a variety of organic substrates can be efficiently oxidized as the counterreaction to hydrogen evolution. Both are important steps to developing photocatalysis as a sustainable technology. Electron−hole recombination is a major fundamental limitation in any photocatalytic process. By controlling and reducing it with rod length, we can increase the efficiency of photocatalyzed processes. Also, by utilizing demanding substrates in aqueous media, ethanol, glucose, and glycerol, we make a step toward the photoreforming of more plentiful feedstocks such as, or derived from, biomass.