bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical, Biochemical, and Radiologic Characteristics of Filipino Patients with Glutaric Aciduria Type 1
Authors: Maceda Ebner Bon G. , Abacan Mary Ann R. , Chiong Mary Anne D.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Glutaric Aciduria Type 1 (GA1) is an inborn error of metabolism included in the expanded newborn screening of the Philippines. This inborn error of metabolism is caused by glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency which is important in the catabolism of lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan.Objective. This paper aimed to present the baseline data of patients with GA1 in the Philippines by describing the clinical, biochemical, and radiologic characteristics of Filipino patients with biochemically-confirmed GA1 seen at the Philippine General Hospital from January 2010 to December 2017. The cases of this condition have been increasing and are expected to increase even more with the full coverage of the expanded newborn screening.Methods. This study was a review of the medical records of the GA1 patients managed by the Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH). Biochemical parameters, developmental  assessment, neurologic assessment, and radiologic features of the patients were reviewed and analyzed.Results. There were a total of 7 patients with GA1 at the PGH from January 2010 to December 2017. Of the 7 patients, 4 were diagnosed by expanded newborn screening (ENBS) and 3 patients had disease onset prior to diagnosis. Clinical features noted in screened patients include global developmental delay (75%), seizures (50%), dystonia (50%), truncal hypotonia (25%) and macrocephaly (25%). In unscreened patients, macrocephaly was present in 66.67 %, while the other clinical features were present in all of them. Four of the 7 patients had infection and one had vaccination, which may have led to a metabolic crisis and subsequent onset of symptoms. The plasma levels of glutarylcarnitine (C5DC) range from 2.81 to 4.58 umol/L. Grossly elevated urinary excretion of glutarylcarnitine were noted in all patients. Urinary glutaconic acid and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid were also detected in all patients. Both striatal and extra-striatal abnormalities were present in screened and unscreened patients on neuroimaging. The most common being the widening of the sylvian fissure, cerebral atrophy, and white matter abnormalities.Conclusion. Although newborn screening of GA1 and initiation of early management of this condition have been seen important, it is still prudent to continue the appropriate management and to provide timely aggressive emergency treatment in order to improve outcome of patients with GA1. With the recent Philippine Health Insurance (PhilHealth) coverage of the expanded newborn screening, it is expected that physicians will encounter more of the metabolic disorders, including GA1. Hence, it is important that physicians be more aware of the presenting signs and symptoms of this disorder, as well as its management, which can further improve the neurologic and developmental outcomes of these patients.
T45G Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism and its Association with Hyperglycemia in Adult Filipinos Seen at the Philippine General Hospital – A Pilot Study
Authors: Paz-Pacheco Elizabeth , Cutiongco-dela Paz Eva Maria , Uy Angelique Bea C.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. It appears to impact insulin resistance and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The gene encoding adiponectin ADIPOQ, has single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that can be useful biomarkers to predict development of T2D; with the T/G polymorphism of SNP +45 in exon 2 being the most common.Objective. This study was conducted to evaluate the association of T45G adiponectin gene polymorphism with hyperglycemia among adult Filipinos seen at the outpatient department of the Philippine General Hospital.Methods. This is a matched case-control study, with duration of 12 months. DNA was extracted using the QIAGEN MIDI Blood Extraction Kit. The genomic DNA obtained was then subjected to real time PCR for SNP detection.Results. One hundred (100) adults were enrolled; forty-three (43) had normoglycemia, while fifty seven (57) had hyperglycemia, after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Hyperglycemic subjects were older (44±15.6 years vs. 52±8.3 years, p-value 0.002), and had lower HDL levels (58.5±16.0 mg/dLvs. 47.8+11.8 mg/dL, p-value 0.000). Among thirty-nine (39) participants found to have the T45G adiponectin gene polymorphism, 22 or 56.4% were hyperglycemic while 17 or 43.6% were normoglycemic.Conclusion. There was no significant association observed between the T45G SNP and presence of hyperglycemia.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva in Three Filipino Children
Authors: Alcausin Maria Melanie Liberty B. , Baluyot Melissa Mae P. , Shore Eileen M. , Kaplan Frederick S.
Published: December 2020

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a debilitating, rare, autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue characterized by malformed great toes and by progressive endochondral ossification of extra-skeletal sites (e.g., muscles, tendons, fascia) triggered by trauma, soft tissue injury, muscle fatigue, or viral infections. We present three children affected with FOP with this classic clinical presentation, the first reported cases in the Philippines, thus extending the range of classic FOP to new geographic and ethnic locations. Two of the affected children are siblings who have the common ACVR1 R206H mutation associated with classic FOP; this mutation was not found in their parents who are phenotypically unaffected, providing evidence of germline mosaicism in FOP. To our knowledge, this is the first family with genetic testing done showing presence of the classic mutation in affected siblings not seen in the unaffected parents.
The perceived value of the academic library: a systematic review
Authors:   University of Southern Denmark, Frandsen Tove , Sørensen Kristian ,   University of Southern Denmark
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Academic libraries increasingly need to justify their contributions to their funding institution. Data on the impact and value of the library serves to render libraries' value visible. This review explores how funding institutions, the public, users and staff perceive the value of the academic library. Method. Scopus, Library and Information Science Abstracts, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global were used as data sources for the comprehensive search strategy. Analysis. Study selection was done independently by two reviewers. Risk of bias criteria as well as a data extraction form was developed. Evaluation and data extraction were done by the first author and confirmed by the second author. Results. The included studies use quantitative as well as qualitative methods. They focus on varying groups (e.g., international students, librarians, faculty members) from institutions all over the world (e.g., United States, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom). Conclusions. A number of facets of values are identified and they can be described as input (resources, space and staff) and services. Furthermore, a number of the facets indicate that the values of academic libraries are not solely understood by their input and services.
Data mining of Internet users' interests in diverse, hierarchical information needs
Authors:   University of Ibadan, Opesade Adeola
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Despite the wide use of the search engine Google to access the Internet, its ability to record users' digital traces amassed over time and make this available to the public, no known study has employed this resource to examine Internet users' information-seeking behavior. This study, using Google Trends data, investigates the use of the Internet for multiple hierarchical information needs in the developing country Nigeria. Methods. A data-driven research method was used in this study. Data-driven research uses exploratory approaches to analyse big data to extract scientifically interesting insights. Analysis. Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 17 were employed for data analyses. The former was used primarily for charting while the latter was used for other descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. ResultsThe findings present profiles of Internet user groups through their levels of search interests in five diverse needs. It also revealed differing levels of interest in searching for the diverse needs. Furthermore, the result shows that there is a divide between the Northern and Southern parts of Nigeria. ConclusionThe research extends studies in information seeking by utilising Web data to understand Internet users' information seeking behaviour in Nigeria.
Network relationships of U.S. government health agencies in relation to the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   University of Florida, Yum Seungil
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Government institutes, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Department of Health and Human Services, play important but different roles dealing with COVID-19 in the USA. Method. This study used NodeXL between June 7 and June 8 to visualise the social networks of the Centers and the Department by collecting 5,166 (the Centers) and 2,940 tweets (the Department). Analysis. Examined the characteristics of centrality of the two networks and used cluster analysis to identify communication groups. Results. Findings confirmed that the Centers demonstrate characteristics of people-based online networks, whereas the Department appears as an institutes-based online networks. Second, offline social networks play an essential role in online social networks. Third, the Centers had a greater impact on the networks in the Department network than the effect the Department had on the Centers. Fourth, some key players, such as the World Health Organization, play a pivotal role in both networks. Conclusions. Governments should explore the different types of health information of government institutes to effectively cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hydrological Response of the Imphal River on the Impact of Landuse/ Landcover and Rainfall Patterns
Authors:   Department of Geography, Manipur University, Canchipur-795003, Singh Kh. Pradipkumar , Sapam Priyalina ,   Department of Geography, Manipur University, Canchipur-795003
Published: December 2020

The river regime is one of the important parameters in studying the physical attributes in a region. The influence of a river passing in a region is immense. The nature of the stream reflects the natural and cultural set up of the surrounding areas. For instance soil factors, Land use/Land cover and vegetation, habitat, settlements, etc. Everywhere land use/ land cover is often altered during the process of economic and social development and eventually, the morphology and structure of river systems are unconsciously or consciously influenced along with the land-use change. The changes in land use/ land cover have a large amount of impact on the nature of runoff and associated hydrological characteristics. Availability of remotely sensed data has made convenient and accurate to map and monitor the Spatio-temporal variation of land use/ land cover at regional or local scales. The present paper highlights the changing of land use pattern in the Imphal River catchment. To identify the changes, Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM+ obtained in 2005 and 2016 have been used and categorize the images into 16 major land use/ land cover. It has been found that over the periods both rural and urban built-up area has increased more than 24 Km2 and decreased in forests cover area by more than 113 Km2 . Further, the study also focused on the rainfallrunoff response through regression analysis. The integration of the analyses demonstrates the effect of land use/ land cover change on discharge characteristics of the study area.
Livelihood sources of Gond Tribes: A study of village Mangalnaar, Bhairamgarh block, Chhattisgarh
Authors:   Department of Geography, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Sanyal Srabani , yash Ram ,   Department of Geography, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University
Published: December 2020

India has the largest concentration of tribal population of the world with 8.6 per cent population (2011). Gond is the largest tribe in India and most of its concentration is in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Telangana and Jharkhand. As most of the population of Chhattisgarh are tribes (30.6 per cent, 2011), popularly called a tribal state. Gond tribes are mostly concentrated in the southern part of the Bastar region, in seven districts and village Mangalnaar comes under district Bijapur. The Gond tribes are known as Maria and Muriya in Bastar region. Majority of the population of Mangalnaar village are Gonds followed by Yadav. Some of the Gond families have got converted to Christian. The study is based on personal observations, interviews and collecting information about livelihood sources of Gond community, how much they collect and earn from it. Most of them are dependent on traditional sources of livelihood like forest and forest-based products
Çocuğu Hastanede Yatan Ebeveynlerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Yönelik Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Diler
Published: December 2020

Giriş: Çocuklarda akılcı ilaç kullanımı uygulamalarındaki aksaklıklar tüm dünyada, özellikle de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önemli sağlık sorunları arasında yer almaktadır.Amaç: Bu araştırma, çocuğu hastanede yatan ebeveynlerin akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik ebeveyn tutumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini, bir ilçe devlet hastanesinin çocuk servisinde tedavi gören çocuğu olan, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 156 ebeveyn oluşturdu. Veriler Ebeveyn Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Yönelik Ebeveyn Tutum Ölçeği (AİKYETÖ) kullanılarak elde edildi. Değerlendirmede tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Ebeveynlerin AİKYETÖ toplam puanları (165,57 ± 26,82), akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik tutumlarının yüksek olduğunu göstermekte idi. Çalışmamızda ebeveynlerin aile tipinin akılcı ilaç kullanım puanını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde etkilediği; çekirdek ailede yaşayanların akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu belirlendi.Sonuç: Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, ebeveynlerin akılcı ilaç kullanım düzeyinin yüksek olduğunu, ebeveynlerin en sık yaptıkları ilaç kullanım hatalarının evde ilaç bulundurma ve reçetesiz ilaç kullanımı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu doğrultuda ebeveynlerin akılcı ilaç kullanımına ilişkin farkındalıklarının artmasını sağlayacak; akılcı ilaç kullanım davranışlarını kazandıracak eğitim, rehberlik ve danışmanlık programlarının yürütülmesi önerilmektedir.
COPIAR, COLAR, REPETIR: A POESIA EM DESLOCAMENTO DE MARÍLIA GARCIA E SEUS EFEITOS SOBRE A LEITURA NA ERA DA CULTURA DIGITAL
Authors: BASTOS Mariana Cobuci Schmidt
Published: December 2020

Este texto reflete sobre os procedimentos utilizados pela poeta Marília Garcia em seus livros um teste de resistores e Câmera lenta (publicados em 2014 e 2017, respectivamente) a fim de promover o que podemos chamar de uma poética do deslocamento. A partir de uma série de trechos de poemas de Marília, mostra-se como a poeta se vale de procedimentos como os de copiar, colar (citar) e repetir. Trata-se de procedimentos comuns à cultura digital, mas que na poesia de Marília operam de outro modo, mais devagar e atento. Dessa exposição e discussão, depreende-se que a proposição de outro ritmo, somada à reflexão sobre a linguagem que existe nessa poesia, sugere outros modos de lidar com a rapidez da época em que vivemos, além de incentivar um novo modo de ler dentro da cultura digital, um modo mais pessoal, curioso e ativo.ReferênciasBARTHES, Rolland. Aula inaugural da cadeira de Semiologia Literária do Colégio de França. São Paulo: Editora Cultrix, 2004._______. O rumor da língua. São Paulo: Brasiliense, 1988.CÁTROPA, Andréa. Para onde nos levam as hélices do poema? Estudo de literatura brasileira contemporânea, n. 55, 2018.FRIAS, Joana Matos; SILVA, Sofia de Sousa. Apresentação. Revista eLyra, n. 7, 2016.GARCIA, Marília. Câmera lenta. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2017._______. um teste de resistores. Rio de Janeiro: 7Letras, 2014.GARRAMUÑO, Florencia. Frutos Estranhos: sobre a inespecificidade na estética contemporânea. Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, 2014. KRAUSS, Rosalind. “Sculpture in the expanded field”. In: October, n. 8, 1979. LOPES, Silvina Rodrigues. A anomalia poética. Belo Horizonte: Chão da feira, 2019.MICHAUX, Henri. A verdadeira poesia faz-se contra a poesia. Cadernos de leituras (Chão da feira), n. 12, 2011.PEREC, Georges. L’infra-ordinaire. Paris: Le Seuil, 2015.RIAUDEL, Michel. “O autor invisível: tradução e criação na obra de Ana Cristina Cesar”. In: Sereia de papel: visões de Ana Cristina Cesar. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ, 2015.ROUXEL, Annie. Práticas de leitura: quais rumos para favorecer à expressão do sujeito leitor? Cadernos de Pesquisa, v. 42, n. 145, 2012.SANTIAGO, Silviano. “Singular e anônimo”. In: Poética. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2013, p. 452.SÜSSEKIND, Flora. Até segunda ordem não me risque nada: os cadernos, rascunhos e a poesia-em-vozes de Ana Cristina Cesar. Rio de Janeiro: 7Letras, 1995.Recebido em 05-03-2020 | Aceito em 03-06-2020
Competências docentes frente a tarefas matemáticas inspiradas no MATHTASK®
Authors: Felcher Carla Denize Ott , Folmer Vanderlei
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as competências docentes frente às tarefas Matemáticas (MathTASK®). O MathTASK® é um programa de pesquisa desenvolvido de maneira colaborativa entre os países, Reino Unido, Brasil e Grécia e trata dos discursos matemáticos e pedagógicos dos professores de Matemática, bem como sobre as transformações e aspirações dos professores em relação as práticas pedagógicas. A metodologia trata, portanto, de uma tarefa matemática envolvendo o GeoGebra, desenvolvida por três professores de Matemática, usuários do referido software. Esses professores também foram entrevistados e os dados produzidos submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Trabalhar com o MathTASK® pressupõe contribuir para a produção de dados mais reais,  mais próximos do que realmente o professor sabe e também mais alinhados com o objetivo da investigação. Desse modo, percebeu-se que os professores demonstraram conhecimento dos conceitos matemáticos e da tecnologia, porém, no momento articulá-los e utilizá-los de forma pedagógica, em prol da aprendizagem, percebe-se alguma dificuldade. Concluiu-se que propostas com o MathTASK® são importantes por apresentarem um panorama das competências dos professores frente a situações específicas. Também, por possibilitar a formação inicial e continuada, fundamental para o uso das tecnologias digitais como potencializadoras dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática.
Uma experimentação com metodologia ativa: sala de aula invertida como modelo para o ensino de probabilidade
Authors: Souza Josie Pacheco de Vasconcellos , Barbosa Nelson Machado
Published: December 2020

A Probabilidade é o ramo da ciência responsável por orientar ações cotidianas que demandam a utilização de dados, bem como sua manipulação e interpretação para tomada de decisões. Entretanto, um grande desafio para sua efetiva aprendizagem é a superação de procedimentos mecânicos e repetitivos. Faz-se necessário então, explorar as diferentes estratégias de ensino que possam auxiliar de forma significativa a aprendizagem dos conceitos e processos associados ao tema. Nesse contexto, foi elaborada e aplicada uma sequência didática utilizando como metodologia ativa o Ensino Híbrido, em particular a subcategoria Sala de Aula Invertida, para auxiliar na aprendizagem de Probabilidade. Buscou-se desta forma, enriquecer a prática pedagógica por meio de uma abordagem metodológica com o uso integrado das tecnologias digitais visando a personalização do ensino. A pesquisa é de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo, onde os dados coletados buscaram investigar o desempenho e as reações dos estudantes. Os resultados mostraram que a Sala de Aula Invertida pode, de fato, contribuir para a aprendizagem do tema proposto, podendo ser destacadas como principais contribuições o desenvolvimento da autonomia e senso crítico bem como a capacidade argumentativa e socializadora.
Compreensão responsiva ativa e autonomia relativa do sujeito no ensino e na aprendizagem da escrita: uma análise interpretativista
Authors: Santana Wilder Kleber Fernandes de , Silva Júnior Silvio Nunes da
Published: December 2020

Dentro da área reflexiva e transdisciplinar da Linguística Aplicada (LEFFA, 2001; MOITA LOPES, 2006), este trabalho propõe uma reflexão acerca da compreensão responsiva ativa e da autonomia relativa de alunos inseridos num contexto de ensino e aprendizagem da escrita em língua portuguesa sob a ótica interpretativista. Para tanto, retomamos os conceitos de dialogismo e de compreensão responsiva ativa, formulados nos escritos do chamado Círculo de Bakhtin (VOLÓCHINOV, 2017[1929]; BAKHTIN, 2006 [1979]) e autores subjacentes (SANTANA, 2019; SILVA JÚNIOR; CRUZ, 2019; ZOZZOLI, 2002, 2012), enfatizando a interação discursiva nas práticas sociais, e a noção de autonomia relativa, proposta por Zozzoli (1999, 2006). Na perspectiva qualitativa de pesquisa (ROHLING, 2014; BORTONI-RICARDO, 2008), os dados foram coletados no âmbito de uma instituição pública de ensino básico situada no interior do estado de Alagoas durante o primeiro semestre do ano de 2018. A experiência foi efetuada a partir da leitura de um texto-base, coletado na internet, e consequente momento de produção escrita de textos que versavam sobre o mesmo tema pelos alunos. A análise empreendida revelou que, entre as produções analisadas, apresentam-se graus diferentes de compreensão dos alunos, sem que nenhuma tenha configurado compreensão passiva do sujeito diante do texto-base apresentado. A pesquisa indicou, em linhas gerais, que a abordagem dialógica do professor favorece a construção da autonomia relativa do aluno leitor e produtor de textos, o que ficou evidenciado nas articulações que os sujeitos fizeram da leitura e discussão em sala com aspectos da vida social em seus textos escritos.
Reflexões sobre as atividades de Língua Portuguesa Escrita (LPE) em contexto de escola bilíngue para surdos
Authors: Maquieira Josiane dos Santos , Thewes Jéssica Daiane Levandovski , Fronza Cátia de Azevedo
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo, apresentam-se reflexões a partir do estudo de Maquieira (2018)[1], que se voltou a atividades de língua portuguesa escrita (LPE) em sala de aula para crianças surdas, matriculadas em uma turma multisseriada de 2° e 3° anos do Ensino Fundamental, em escola pública bilíngue para surdos, localizada na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. Objetiva-se, com este artigo, refletir sobre atividades de LPE voltadas a alunos surdos e (re)pensar a natureza dessas propostas para que possam contribuir ainda mais para novas ofertas para o ensino e o aprendizado da(s) língua(s). Partimos de dados abordados na pesquisa de Maquieira (2018) com base em registros de observações em sala de aula, por meio de fotos e vídeos, além de relatórios descritivos. Para este artigo, serão consideradas atividades de LPE dos estudantes em foco, a partir das “Ideias para ensinar português para surdos”, produzidas por Quadros e Schmiedt (2006), pois apresentam a perspectiva de ensino bilíngue para a criança surda, com vista às diferenças linguísticas e socioculturais. Para a análise, considera-se, sob a ótica de Antunes (2003, 2007, 2009), a língua como atividade que abarca o uso não somente baseado no léxico e na gramática, mas também no desenvolvimento de textos que inclui situações de interação de LPE. Entendemos que as propostas de atividades de ensino de escrita para surdos tendem a considerar a LPE como primeira língua e, para significar esse tipo de ensino, é preciso descrever ambas as línguas, numa visão comparativa/associativa para apresentar as particularidades de cada uma, situando suas respectivas funções, antes mesmo da construção das atividades de LPE em sala de aula.[1] Dissertação de Mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística Aplicada da Unisinos.
Anomalias de forma e de conteúdo em português brasileiro: um estudo preliminar de rastreamento ocular da leitura e de avaliação de aceitabilidade
Authors: Maia Marcus , Nascimento Guilherme
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo usou a metodologia de rastreamento ocular para investigar em que medida a leitura de frases em português brasileiro pode diferir em relação a anomalias gramaticais e semânticas e como essas frases são avaliadas quanto à sua boa formação, tomando-se como controle frases bem formadas gramatical e semanticamente. A partir da análise dos dados on-line, foi possível identificar que as sentenças que apresentam anomalias de traço de concordância de número no sintagma nominal, ainda que melhor aceitas na medida off-line do que as frases com anomalias semânticas pelos falantes escolarizados da língua, são processadas de forma inicialmente mais custosa em termos dos padrões de fixação e de refixação. Avalia-se que os resultados obtidos aduzem evidências em favor dos modelos estruturais de processamento de frases.
A parceria sino-russa e a disputa pela Eurásia: imperativos geopolíticos e alianças conjunturais pelo controle do continente basilar
Authors: Alvares Ticiana de Oliveira , Padula Raphael
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a parceria sino-russa atual, a partir das teorias geopolítica e de balança de poder. Argumenta-se que a força motriz desta aproximação na segunda década do século XXI se dá no sentido de diminuir a influência de potências extrarregionais sobre a Eurásia – sobretudo dos EUA, devido ao seu poder e presença oriundos do final da Guerra Fria – que representam uma ameaça estratégica comum aos interesses russo e chinês. Esse aspecto pode ser identificado nas diferentes frentes de cooperação sino-russa que possuem um caráter estratégico. Na impossibilidade de detalhar cada aspecto da parceria em um só artigo, esse trabalho dará luz à cooperação energética, à cooperação na Ásia Central e à integração eurasiática com liderança sino-russa.
Os esforços de modernização do arsenal nuclear chinês: balanceamento interno e transformação no sistema internacional contemporâneo
Authors: Dawood Layla
Published: December 2020

O artigo visa a analisar os investimentos chineses em seu arsenal nuclear nos anos que sucederam ao fim da Guerra Fria. Argumenta-se que os esforços de modernização das armas nucleares chinesas estão inseridos no âmbito de um processo de “balanceamento interno” empreendido pela China em relação aos EUA. Para desenvolver esse argumento, a primeira seção deste artigo apresenta algumas considerações sobre o fenômeno do “balanceamento interno”, esclarecendo seu embasamento conceitual-teórico. Em seguida, realiza-se uma breve revisão histórica do programa nuclear chinês durante a Guerra Fria. Finalmente, serão avaliados os esforços contemporâneos de modernização dos arsenais nucleares chineses à luz do modelo teórico que auxilia na verificação empírica do fenômeno do balanceamento interno.
Nova Rota da Seda: China e sua maximização econômica por recursos de poder
Authors: Barcellos Bruna Leal , Mèrcher Leonardo
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo busca investigar a Nova Rota da Seda enquanto ferramenta de maximização de recursos de poder pela China junto ao cenário internacional. A presente pesquisa aplica conceitos do realismo ofensivo de Mearshemier e cruza dados quantitativos com a análise qualitativa das práticas chinesas nos países afetados pela Nova Rota da Seda. Com objetivo de apresentar o crescimento econômico como fator de crescimento de recursos de poder, os principais resultados obtidos apontam para: i. uma real corrida chinesa por garantir e maximizar recursos de poder; ii. advinda de uma diversificação e menor dependência das potências estabelecidas em sua balança comercial; iii. que resultaria em conflitos econômicos e de segurança com essas potências, reforçando o ciclo de diversificação.
Geopolítica do século XXI: a perspectiva chinesa do sistema internacional
Authors: Ribeiro Filipe Giuseppe Dal Bo
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo é um estudo sobre a perspectiva geopolítica chinesa das relações internacionais. O estudo apresenta a visão dos pensadores chineses sobre o acirramento nas relações sino-americanas. A partir dos pensadores tradicionais do pensamento chinês aplicados a Teoria moderna das Relações Internacionais, o idealismo cultural e o realismo moral são contribuições e conceitos não muito aprofundados no ocidente que podem dar resposta para a projeção da China como liderança mundial. A pesquisa analisa a postura da China no cenário de concorrência estratégica com Estados Unidos e os possíveis impactos da pandemia na busca do sonho chinês.
Os determinantes do comércio intraindústria entre o Brasil, a União Europeia e a China, no período de 2006 a 2017: uma aplicação do modelo gravitacional
Authors: Bobato Angel Maite , Coronel Daniel Arruda , Feistel Paulo Ricardo
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar os determinantes do comércio intraindústria (CII) entre o Brasil, a União Europeia e a China, no período de 2006 a 2017. Para isso, utilizou-se o modelo gravitacional do comércio com dados em painel por Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários e por Poisson Pseudo-Maximun-Likelihood (PPML). Os dados foram coletados nos sítios do Comex Stat, Worl Bank e do CEPII. Em relação aos resultados alcançados, constatou-se que o comércio intraindústria brasileiro com a União Europeia e a China é baixo e apresentou queda ao longo do período analisado. Em relação aos determinantes, averiguou-se que o custo de comércio afeta negativamente este comércio, ou seja, quanto maiores são os custos de comercialização entre o Brasil e seus parceiros comerciais, menor tende a ser o CII entre eles. Por outro lado, o tamanho econômico, a similaridade de renda e o grau de abertura do parceiro comercial afetam de forma positiva o CII do Brasil com os parceiros analisados
Dynamics of Resource Governance, Climate Change, and Security: Insights from Nigeria and Norway
Authors: Okpaleke Francis , Abraham-Dukuma Magnus
Published: December 2020

This study examines the nexus between resource governance, climate change and security in Nigeria and Norway against the backdrop of the resource curse. Based on the qualitative analysis of secondary data, aided by the eco-violence theory, the study posits that the prevalence of ecological conflict in resource curse countries thrives within the context of resource mismanagement characterized by lack of optimal resource governance frameworks. The study identifies corruption, poor resource utilization, rent seeking, resource disenfranchisement and over dependence on oil revenues as critical drivers of resource curse and eco-violence in Nigeria. With reference to the Norwegian governance model, the study analyses the possibilities of effective resource governance for cushioning the effects of existential climate threats and better resource management in Nigeria, noting that dealing with climate security threats requires not only addressing the root causes that perpetuate and incentivize them but adopting institutional mechanisms that promote better resource governance.
The Impact of Climate Change on Cultural Security
Authors: Krupocin Dominika , Krupocin Jesse
Published: December 2020

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges and most pressing issues faced by humanity in the modern era. Extreme weather events, changes to world ecosystems, species extinction, disruption of animal and human migration, resource shortages, socio-economic concerns, outbreaks and pandemics, as well as domestic and international conflicts represent only a few select potential climate change consequences. Regrettably, when considering the issues pertinent to climate change, one of the oft-overlooked areas is cultural security. Rising sea levels will lead to some of the world’s islands and coastal cities essentially being erased from Earth, resulting in the destruction, and possibly even the disappearance, of their cultural heritage. Inhabitants of endangered and unlivable areas are likely to drive mass exodus on a global scale, and forcibly displaced persons who find themselves in a new socio-cultural reality face countless challenges that will hinder their sense of cultural security. The most immediate concerns are related to the potential eruption of local and regional conflicts, emergence of negative social behaviors, disappearance of national language and cultural identity, and statelessness due to a loss of habitable lands, all of which pose severe threats to cultural security.
Climate Change, Environmental Terrorism, Eco-Terrorism and Emerging Threats
Authors: Spadaro Paola Andrea
Published: December 2020

The footprint of human advancement has accelerated a climate variability with no precedents, further driving devastating natural and social events. The decrease in basic resources like water, has already been identified as a driver of violent conflicts, which have given way to the strengthening of terrorist organizations that used the environment as a tool of coercion. The damage caused to the earth’s ecosystem has additionally raised a wave of defensive activism that was initially considered as eco-terrorism. While the original eco-movements had not induced fatalities, recent extremist organizations are showing a more violent anti-progress and pro-environment agenda. Added to these, the response of the states against environmental activism initiatives, has spiked some concerns over the repression of civil liberties, which may have the potential to fuel the angering of extreme individuals, who can be prompted to take radicalized action. Using open source data, this article shows that environmental terrorism represents an increasing security threat, which in the future, might be worsened by the individual radicalization of marginalized environmental extremists.
Seasonal variation of Leptospira species in pond and paddy field water samples in Thrissur district
Authors: S. Nair Archana , K. Vrinda Menon , C. Latha , B. Sunil
Published: December 2020

Leptospirosis is an acute anthropozoonotic infection occurring worldwide caused by a pathogenic spirochete belonging to the genus Leptospira. The highest occurrence of leptospirosis in tropical countries is directly related to heavy rainfall and flooding. The changing rainfall pattern in the Western Ghats with rainless days during the monsoon months is reportedly affecting normal climatic condition of Kerala. Leptospires are able to survive in an environment with high humidity and moderate temperature.. The present study was undertaken to study the seasonal variation in occurrence of Leptospira spp. in pond and paddy field water in Thrissur district of Kerala. The samples were collected in two seasons i.e. monsoon (June to September) (Season-1) and summer (February to May) (Season-2) for the identification of Leptospira spp. The water samples were subjected to PCR for identification of the organism. The temperature and pH of water samples were recorded at the time of collection. The different physicochemical parameters of water in these two sources were in the range of pH (6.5- 7.9), conductivity (85- 150 µs/cm), salinity (0.02- 0.12 psu), turbidity (5-50NTU), dissolved oxygen (6-8 mg/L). Out of the 80 samples analysed, 52 (23 from monsoon and 29 from summer) samples detected 16Sr RNA at 430 bp and hence was positive for Leptospira species. The pathogenicity of the positive isolates were analysed by detecting the virulence gene viz., lipl 32, lipl 21 and lipl 41 respectively. The results revealed that out of the total isolates of Leptospira, 23 and 21 isolates were positive for lipl 21 and lipl 41 in monsoon and summer seasons respectively. Out of the total 85 paddy field water samples collected, 17 samples were found to be positive for Leptospira spp. The virulence gene lipl 21 was detected in three samples in summer season. However, lipl 32 and lipl 41 genes were not detected in any of the samples. The results of the present study demonstrated the ubiquitous nature of the organism in environment in the both seasons. The contaminated environment can hence be one of the sources for the increase in the frequency of human and animal leptospirosis in Kerala.

Keywords: Leptospira spp., Leptospirosis, Paddy field water quality, lipl 32, lipl 21 and lipl 41
Histological studies on the oesophageal tonsils of broiler ducks
Authors: V.R. Indu , S. Biju , K. M. Lucy , S. Maya
Published: December 2020

Histomorphological study was conducted on the oesophageal tonsils in six broiler Vigova Super-M ducks of six to eight weeks age. The location of the tonsil was at the junction between oesophagus and proventriculus. In histological sections six to eight isolated tonsillar units were seen in the lamina propria near the base of the oesophageal folds. Each tonsillar unit consisted of a crypt lined by lymphoepithelium and surrounded by dense lymphoid tissue. The tonsillar units were seen encapsulated by connective tissue and composed of many large lymphoid nodules separated by internodular areas. The secretory portion of the mucosal glands of the oesophagus were firmly associated with the lymphoid tissue and the cylindrical epithelium was transformed to lymphoepithelium. The oesophageal tonsils offered immunological protection at the entrance of stomach.

Keywords: Oesophageal tonsils, Histomorphology, Ducks
Surgical management of ileocolic intussusception in a German shepherd dog
Authors: C.K. Faslu Rahman , S. Gokul Raj , Khan Sharun
Published: December 2020

Intussusception occurs when excessive peristaltic motility forces one segment of the intestine into another slightly larger part of the intestine. The incidence of intussusception is more in German shepherd dogs. A six-month old German shepherd dog weighing 17 kg was presented with a history of anorexia, vomiting, diarrhoea, and lethargy for the past 7 days. Clinical examination revealed a congested conjunctival mucous membrane, bounding pulse and tachycardia. Abdominal palpation evinced pain and a bunch of coiled sausage shaped mass was identified during deep palpation. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed bulls eye appearance in the intestine confirming the occurrence of intussusception. Pre-operatively, the animal was hydrated and stabilized with intravenous fluids. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy using ceftriaxone was given at a dose rate of 25 mg per kg bodyweight and pre-emptive analgesia with meloxicam at a dose rate of 0.2 mg per kg bodyweight was also given. Emergency laparotomy was performed under general anaesthesia maintained with isoflurane. A 20 cm long necrosed irreducible intestinal segment was identified. The necrosed loop was resected after ligating the mesenteric vessels. The cut ends of the intestine being uneven, was cut at right angles and the smaller segment was further cut at an oblique angle to correct the disparity in the lumen size. End to end anastomosis was performed using polydioxanone suture in a simple continues pattern. The abdominal cavity was lavaged with normal saline. Laparotomy wound was closed in a routine pattern. Post operatively, the dog was treated using fluids, antibiotics, and analgesics for seven days. The owner was advised to give easily digestible liquid diet in small quantities from fourth day onwards and gradually shift to normal food. The skin sutures were removed on 10th post-operative day and the animal made an uneventful recovery.

Keywords: Ultrasonography, Intestinal telescoping, Resection, Anastomosis, Surgical management, Deworming
Influenza Awareness in the Workplace
Authors: D. Asher Tyler , R. McAndrew Ian
Published: December 2020

The United States has been actively researching Western medicine and disease prevention. Influenza is a common viral infection that it is widely known can be fatal. Nonetheless, complacency has become common. Not all workplaces and community training centers outside medical facilities properly train employees on the hazards associated with contracting influenza. However, standard training procedures and a wide variety of resources are used to disseminate awareness of seasonal influenza (flu). The United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC) publish morbidity and mortality rates and alert the public to any pandemics. Its estimates of influenza cases are delivered in three age categories: <19 years, 19–64 years, and ≥65 years (CDC, 2010). This study aims to incorporate prevention methods that have not been used to help protect American workers.
Problem Decomposition and Information Minimization for the Global, Concurrent, On-line Validation of Neutron Noise Signals and Neutron Detector Operation
Authors: Tambouratzis Tatiana
Published: December 2020

This piece of research introduces a purely data-driven, directly reconfigurable, divide-and-conquer on-line monitoring (OLM) methodology for automatically selecting the minimum number of neutron detectors (NDs) – and corresponding neutron noise signals (NSs) – which are currently necessary, as well as sufficient, for inspecting the entire nuclear reactor (NR) in-core area. The proposed implementation builds upon the 3-tuple configuration, according to which three sufficiently pairwise-correlated NSs are capable of on-line (I) verifying each NS of the 3-tuple and (II) endorsing correct functioning of each corresponding ND, implemented herein via straightforward pairwise comparisons of fixed-length sliding time-windows (STWs) between the three NSs of the 3-tuple. A pressurized water NR (PWR) model – developed for H2020 CORTEX – is used for deriving the optimal ND/NS configuration, where (i) the evident partitioning of the 36 NDs/NSs into six clusters of six NDs/NSs each, and (ii) the high cross-correlations (CCs) within every 3-tuple of NSs, endorse the use of a constant pair comprising the two most highly CC-ed NSs per cluster as the first two members of the 3-tuple, with the third member being each remaining NS of the cluster, in turn, thereby computationally streamlining OLM without compromising the identification of either deviating NSs or malfunctioning NDs. Tests on the in-core dataset of the PWR model demonstrate the potential of the proposed methodology in terms of suitability for, efficiency at, as well as robustness in ND/NS selection, further establishing the “directly reconfigurable” property of the proposed approach at every point in time while using one-third only of the original NDs/NSs.
Mobility Speed Effect and Neural Network Optimization for Deep MIMO Beamforming in mmWave Networks
Authors: S. Aljumaily Mustafa , Li Husheng
Published: December 2020

Beamforming for millimetre-wave (mmWave) frequencies has been studied for many years. It is considered as an important enabling technology for communications in these high-frequency ranges and it received a lot of attention in the research community. The special characteristics of the mmWave band made the beamforming problem a challenging one because it depends on many environmental and operational factors. These challenges made any model-based architecture fit only special applications, working scenarios, and specific environment geometry. All these reasons increased the need for more general machine learning based beamforming systems that can work in different environments and conditions. This increased the need for an extended adjustable dataset that can serve as a tool for any machine learning technique to build an efficient beamforming architecture. Deep MIMO dataset has been used in many architectures and designs and has proved its benefits and flexibility to fit in many cases. In this paper, we study the extension of collaborative beamforming that includes many cooperating base stations by studying the impact of User Equipment (UE) speed ranges on the beamforming performance, optimizing the parameters of the neural network architecture of the beamforming design, and suggesting the optimal design that gives the best performance for as a small dataset as possible. Suggested architecture can achieve the same performance achieved before with up to 33% reduction in the dataset size used to train the system which provides a huge reduction in the data collection and processing time.
Prediction Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Network Connection Breaks
Authors: Mohammed Yasir , Abdelhaq Maha , Alsaqour Raed
Published: December 2020

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a decentralized network of mobile node that are connected to an arbitrary topology via wireless connections. The breakdown of the connecting links between adjacent nodes will probably lead to the loss of the transferred data packets. In this research, we proposed an algorithm for link prediction (LP) to enhance the link break provision of the ad hoc on-demand remote protocol (AODV). The proposed algorithm is called the AODV Link Break Prediction (AODVLBP). The AODVLBP prevents link breaks by the use of a predictive measure of the changing signal. The AODVLBP was evaluated using the network simulator version 2.35 (NS2) and compared with the AODV Link prediction (AODVLP) and the AODV routing protocols. The simulation results reveal the effectiveness of AODVLBP in improving network performance in terms of average end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, packet overhead ratio, and packet drop-neighbour break.
Peer to Peer Approach based Replica and Locality Awareness to Manage and Disseminate Data in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Guezzi Abdelkader , Lakas Abderrahmane , Korichi Ahmed , Cherbal Sarra
Published: December 2020

Distributed Hash Table (DHT) based structured peer-to-peer (P2P) systems provide an efficient method of disseminating information in a VANET environment owing to its high performance and properties (e.g., self-organization, decentralization, scalability, etc.). The topology of ad hoc vehicle networks (VANET) varies dynamically; its disconnections are frequent due to the high movement of vehicles. In such a topology, information availability is an ultimate problem for vehicles, in general, connect and disconnect frequently from the network. Data replication is an appropriate and adequate solution to this problem. In this contribution, to increase the accessibility of data, which also increases the success rate of the lookup, a method based on replication in the Vanet network is proposed named LAaR-Vanet. Also, this replication strategy is combined with a locality-awareness method to promote the same purpose and to avoid the problems of long paths. The performance of the proposed solution is assessed by a series of in-depth simulations in urban areas. The obtained results indicate the efficiency of the proposed approach, in terms of the following metrics: lookup success rate, the delay, and the number of the logical hop.
The Brazilian Law on Personal Data Protection
Authors: S. de Souza Jonatas , M. Abe Jair , A. de Lima Luiz , A. de Souza Nilson
Published: December 2020

Rapid technological change and globalization have created new challenges when it comes to the protection and processing of personal data. In 2018, Brazil presented a new law that has the proposal to inform how personal data should be collected and treated, to guarantee the security and integrity of the data holder. The General Law Data Protection - LGPD, was sanctioned on September 18th, 2020. Now, the citizen is the owner of his personal data, which means that he has rights over this information and can demand transparency from companies regarding its collection, storage, and use. This is a major change and, therefore, extremely important that everyone understands their role within LGPD. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the principles of the General Law on Personal Data Protection, informing real cases of leakage of personal data and thus obtaining an understanding of the importance of gains that meet the interests of Internet users on the subject and its benefits to the entire Brazilian society.