bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS REGARDING PHARMACOVIGILANCE IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Benin, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria., AO Opadeyi ,   Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria., A Fourrier-Réglat ,   Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre,team Pharmacoepidemiology, UMR 1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,   CHU Bordeaux, Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,   CIC Bordeaux CIC1401, F-33000 Bordeaux, France, AO Isah ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Benin, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria.,   Chairman, National Drug Safety Advisory Committee National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, Federal Ministry of Health. Abuja, Nigeria.,   Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Published: July 2021

Background: In Nigeria, reporting pharmacovigilance issues including adverse drug reactions (ADRs) from health facilities is encouraged especially by health care professionals (HCPs). Objectives: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice of HCPs regarding pharmacovigilance in teaching hospitals in the South-South geo-political zone of Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six selected teaching hospitals in the South-South zone of Nigeria. A semi-structured questionnaire was self-administered to 1200 HCPs (doctors, pharmacists and nurses). Information sought included demographics, knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance especially ADRs reporting. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The 796 adequately completed questionnaires were used for the analysis. The mean age (standard deviation, SD) of the participants was 39.0 (8.0) years and the mean duration of practice (SD) was 12.7 (8.2) years. Two hundred and forty-one (30.3 %) of HCPs had ever documented or reported ADRs, of which only 97 (40.2 %) had ever used the national ADRs reporting form. Most respondents 746 (93.7 %) knew they could submit ADRs reports relating to new medicines and submit reports of new and unexpected ADRs 683 (85.8 %). Fewer respondents 540 (67.3 %) would submit reports relating to herbal medicines, and 256 (32.2 %) mild ADRs. Four hundred and fifty-six (57.3 %) had no difficulty in determining whether to report ADRs. Overall, nurses appeared the least knowledgeable about reporting ADRs. On improving reports, 278 (34.9 %) respondents advocated increased awareness and education on ADRs reporting. Conclusion: The HCPs in tertiary hospitals in the South-South zone had a modest knowledge, positive attitude but poor reporting practices in pharmacovigilance which may be improved with education and easier reporting processes.
CORTICOSTEROIDS USE: A SURVEY ON THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF DOCTORS IN MAIDUGURI, NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Medicine, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, PMB 1414, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria, A Yerima , AA Adamu ,   Department of Medicine, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, PMB 1414, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria, AA Hassan ,   Department of Medicine, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, PMB 1414, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria, M Muhammad ,   Department of Medicine, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, PMB 1414, Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria, AO Amali ,   Department of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, B Bakki ,   Department of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Published: July 2021

Background: Despite the high prescription rates of Corticosteroids (CS), physicians have poor knowledge of the long-term effects and monitoring of CS. Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge of doctors in Maiduguri, Nigeria, on the use, adverse effects, and monitoring of corticosteroids. Methodology: A cross sectional survey involving 248 consenting doctors practicing in Maiduguri between 1st of January and 30th of March, 2020. Results: Of the 248 doctors surveyed, 161 completed the survey (response rate of 64.9%). Mean age was 34±5.6 years with 95 (59%) males. Majority (74.5%) had only MBBS and 125 (77.6%) were practicing in a tertiary setting, 43 (26.7%) and 38 (23.6%) were from Medicine and General Outpatient Department respectively. Seventy-four (50.7%) had been practicing for one to five years. All had prescribed CS before. Duration of practice was not associated with frequency of CS prescription (χ2 = 24.08, p=0.091). Prednisolone was the most commonly prescribed CS (48.4%) while, the oral route was the preferred mode of prescription by 80 (49.7%) respondents. Seventy-three (45.3%) prescribed CS for allergy, respiratory diseases, and dermatological complaints. Most (67.7%) were not aware of the dosage classification of CS but 99 (61.5%) were aware of guidelines for stopping CS during treatment. Majority (92.5%) were aware of multiple adverse effects of CS with 24.2% reporting Cushingoid changes. Seventy-eight (48.4%) routinely assess patients for adverse effects. Only, 4 (2.5%) and 6 (3.7%) of respondents routinely screen for osteoporosis and tuberculosis respectively. Less than 44% and 22% routinely screen for drug-drug interaction and CS complications respectively. Conclusion: There is low level of knowledge regarding the use and monitoring of CS in Maiduguri.
CLINICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF LUPUS NEPHRITIS IN A TERTIARY HEALTH CENTRE, NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA: REPORT OF FIVE CASES.
Authors:   Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, MM Sulaiman , M Lawan ,   Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, AB Zarami ,   Department of Histopathology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri 3Rheumatology unit, Department of Medicine, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, UH Pindiga ,   Department of Histopathology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, A Yerima ,   Rheumatology unit, Department of Medicine, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital
Published: July 2021

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is an immune complex glomerulonephritis that complicates up to 40% of SLE patients. A kidney biopsy is required for diagnosis and staging of the disease. Case report: We report a cohort of five patients with LN from a tertiary health facility in northeastern Nigeria. The five patients were all women with age ranging from 26 to 55 years, and eGFR of between 6 to 154ml/minute. Four patients had normal kidney size and were biopsied whereas 1 patient had contracted kidney. Diffuse proliferative LN (Class IV) was seen in two patients while the other two patients had glomerular sclerosis (Class VI). Patients were given induction with methylprednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). At one year follow up 2(40%) patients were in remission, 1(20%) was on maintenance hemodialysis and 2(40%) patients had died. Conclusion: Lupus nephritis is a common complication of SLE in northeastern Nigeria. Patients have features of advanced kidney disease at presentation.
A RARE CASE OF COLORECTAL CARCINOMA WITH BONY METASTASES
Authors:   Oncology unit, Radiology Department, Aminu Kano Teaching hospital, Kano, Nigeria., Inuwa Mustapha Muhammad , Ibrahim Usman Mustapha ,   Surgery Department Bayero University, Kano and Aminu Kano Teaching hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Published: July 2021

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Bone metastasis is rare, and data are lacking. Here we report a case of colorectal carcinoma with bony metastasis.
Comercio exterior México-Estados Unidos: Problemas de comparabilidad estadística
Authors: Carriles Rubio Jorge
Published: July 2021

Concilia, desde el punto de vista conceptual y estadístico, los datos del comercio exterior entre E.U.A. y México, para explicar, en la medida de lo posible, las principales discrepancias, y tratar de hallar un medio que permita reducirlas al mínimo.
Explotación óptima de reservas petroleras en un contexto macroeconómico
Authors: Córdoba José
Published: July 2021

El presente estudio trata de investigar detalladamente la estrategia óptima de extracción de petróleo para la economía mexicana, en un marco temporal de medio-largo plazo.
TO STUDY THE CORRELATION OF URINARY URIC ACID AND CREATININE RATIO IN BIRTH ASPHYXIA
Authors: Reddy B Revanth , Chauhan Gauri , Bhardwaj Anand Kumar , Chakrabarti Sasanka
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Feasible and early biochemical markers to
diagnose and predict the neurologic outcome is a great need of time as APGAR score alone is inuenced by various factors. The present study was
performed to determine the urinary uric acid to creatinine ratio in perinatal asphyxia and its correlation with APGAR score and compare urinary
uric acid to creatinine ratio with Sarnat and Sarnat staging. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 100 term neonates with an equal
number of cases and control 50 each, control group being the neonates with Apgar score ≥ 7 at 1 minute of life and cases being the neonates who
suffered from perinatal asphyxia with Apgar < 7 at 1 minute of life. The spot urine sample was collected within 24 hours of birth and their uric acid
and creatinine levels were measured and the ratio calculated. Asphyxiated neonates were classied according to Sarnat and Sarnat staging. We
Compare UA/Cr ratio with Apgar score and HIE staging using Sarnat and Sarnat staging.Results: On comparison of UUA/Cr among cases and
controls we found that ratio was signicantly higher in asphyxiated neonates as compared to non asphyxiate neonates. (Control vs. Cases Group:
2.4 ± 1 vs. 3.6 ± 1.5; p –value < 0.0001). On comparison of UUA/Cr among cases with Sarnat and Sarnat staging of HIE, there is a signicant
difference observed in mean UA/Cr ratio across Sarnat and Sarnat staging of HIE (F – Value = 68.760; p – value = 0.0001). Conclusion: Urinary
uric acid and creatinine ratio can be used as markers for perinatal asphyxia for screening in centers where other markers for assessing perinatal
asphyxia are not available. Urinary uric acid and creatinine ratio is a non-invasive, cheap and easily available marker for assessing the severity
perinatal asphyxia.
EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF CALCANEUM FRACTURES TREATED BY MINIMALLY INVASIVE FIXATION TECHNIQUES
Authors: V. Mahida Kautilyakumar , G. Patel Jyotish , J. Mayani Niharkumar
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To assess the functional outcome of calcaneum fracture treated by minimally invasive xation technique.
Methods: 30 patients of displaced intraarticular calcaneum fractures were treated with minimally invasive xation techniques in this prospective
study after obtaining informed consent regarding the same and satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were then followed up at 3 weeks, 6
weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Functional outcomes were assessed using American association of foot and ankle score system (AOFAS) and
Radiographs were also obtained on follow up and Bohler and Gissane angles were measured.
Results: Out of 30 patients treated with minimally invasive xation techniques bony union occurred in all patients, functional outcome by
American association of ankle and foot score (AOFAS) were 24 good, and 6 fair result. Radiographs showed restoration and maintainence of
Bohler angle and Gissane angle in 28 patients at 6 months follow up.
Conclusion: Minimally invasive technique for the treatment of intra articular fractures gives good to fair clinical outcome on short term follow up
with very few complications. Restoration of Bohler and Gissane angle is correlated to good functional outcomes.
ASSOCIATION OF SPIROMETRIC MEASURES WITH HANDGRIP DYNAMOMETRY IN HEALTHY YOUNG ADULTS.
Authors: Gaur Naveen , Mishra Abhi Bhushan , Kumar Amit , Reddy Kodidala Satyanath , Sorout Jitender , Kacker Sudhanshu
Published: July 2021

Hand grip strength (HGS), a simple bedside tool test, is portable,
relatively inexpensive, and a reliable measurement of muscular
strength (1). Handgrip dynamometry is reliably prognostic; the test is
rarely used during routine assessment in pulmonary departments
SCALP RECONSTRUCTION: EXPERIENCE OF 50 PATIENTS AT TERTIARY LEVEL CENTRE IN INDIA
Authors: Jain RK , Lamoria Nitesh
Published: July 2021

NTRODUCTION Scalp possesses unique anatomical & aesthetic features and occupies the most prominent part of the body. Scalp defects are
neither easy to look at or to reconstruct. The factors influencing decision making in the repair of scalp defects are their size, depth and location.
Various reconstructive options include primary closure, skin grafts, trephination, local tissue aps with or without tissue expansion, regional
myocutaneous ap and microvascular free ap. A successful reconstruction surgery must result in less morbidity, good aesthetic appearance,
decreased hospitalization time, preserving the hairline without violating the body contour.
METHODS Study was conducted in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, SMS Hospital, Jaipur, India. A sample size of 50
patients From September 2019 to march 2021, requiring scalp reconstruction procedures was taken. All the details of the patient that were relevant
to the study were collected during the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods and during follow which was later analyzed.
RESULTS The most common cause of scalp defect was excision of malignant tumour (40%). Surgical reconstruction using rotational and
transposition ap was done in 37 patients (74%).In 5 cases (10%) reconstruction done using free ap. The recovery was relatively quick in all
cases. In 2 cases (4%) partial ap necrosis occur which was managed conservatively.
CONCLUSION An aesthetically pleasing scalp reconstruction requires a precise preoperative planning with detailed knowledge of scalp anatomy
and blood supply. The wide armamentarium of techniques for reconstruction allows the plastic surgeon to give a much pleasing nal result and his
creativity on the table added to all these elements together can give a satisfactory result for the patient.
INCREASINGLY COMMON PRESENTATION OF EXTRANODAL BURKITTS LYMPHOMA WITH SURPRISINGLY RAISED PLEURAL/ASCITIC FLUID ADENOSINE DEAMINASE LEVELS
Authors: S Dalal Gunjan , Jain Jyoti , Rajput Atul Singh
Published: July 2021

Acute onset polyserositis as a presentation of Non Hodgkins lymphoma(NHL) occurs in 20% of individuals.(1-4) Etiology being a jumble between an Extranodal Burkitt lymphoma(ENBL),a pyothorax associated lymphoma and a primary effusion lymphoma as a cause of such effusions.(5) We report a case series of 5 such patients of NHL,four of which received chemotherapy with standard CHOP regimen.However,all patients succumbed.The common ndings of strikingly raised uid adenosine deaminase(ADA) levels in all of these effusions establishes a possible etiopathological link(ENBL).(6) An immunocompetent status renders primary effusion lymphoma unlikely which also has high uid ADA levels.This case series proposes a rational approach towards such cases of suspected ENBL presenting with acute onset lymphocytic polyserositis and a negative HIV antibody status with enormously raised uid ADA levels thereby permitting timely institution of chemotherapy for a better patient prognosis.
EPIDEMIOLOGIC PROFILE OF THE INITIAL COVID 19 PATIENTS AT A DESIGNATED COVID HOSPITAL IN SOUTH TAMIL NADU
Authors: Jebamalar John, , Madhumitha Manohar, , Suresh Balan Kumaraswamy Uma
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND:COVID-19, caused by SARS CoV-2 has caused a worldwide pandemic since its origins in December 2019. The spectrum of the
disease ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe respiratory illness causing mortality in severe cases. Person to person spread through
respiratory droplets appears to be the most common route of spread.
AIM & OBJECTIVE:This study aims to assess the demographic prole of COVID-19 patients. In addition, measures of transmission probability
are determined using travel history and contact tracing.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This study was done at a Government medical college in South Tamil Nadu over four months among patients who
were RT-PCR positive for SARS CoV-2.
METHODS AND MATERIAL: Aquestionnaire from NCDC for COVID-19 patients was used for collecting demographic and clinical details.
Travel history and contact tracing were obtained using telephonic interviews and in person interviews.
STATISTICALANALYSIS USED: Data was entered using MS-Excel and analysed using R studio version 3.6.3.
RESULTS: Majority of the patients belonged to 20 to 49 years of age. Around 14.6% were symptomatic with fever and sore throat being
predominant. Diabetes and hypertension were the most associated comorbidities. A positive contact history was present among 46.58% of the
cases. The secondary attack rate was 25.03% and R0 was 2.76
CONCLUSIONS: The absence of a positive contact history and the preponderance of asymptomatic cases seem to contribute to the spread of the
disease and impede control efforts. Hence, a multi-pronged approach including community participation, active surveillance systems and legal
measures would be of great impact in slowing disease spread.
“PREVALENCE OF H.PYLORI INFECTION IN PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, KURNOOL, ANDHRA PRADESH.”
Authors: Kavya G.Lakshmi , Sharma B Shankar , Rani P Swarupa
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: With the outstanding & revolutionary discovery of Helicobacter Pylori(H.Pylori) organism as a causative agent in Peptic Ulcer
Disease (PUD), Gastric carcinoma and Malt Lymphoma, there has been a lot of interest generated about H.Pylori in modern times. The role of NonSteroidal Anti-Inammatory Drugs(NSAIDs) in the causation of Gastric Ulcer (GU) & Duodenal Ulcer (DU) is also an important point of study
now-a-days.
AIM & OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of H.Pylori in patients of PUD diagnosed with Upper Gastro-Intestinal Endoscopic (UGIE)
examination.
MATERIALS & METHODS: Total 100 patients of the study underwent UGIE examination. Rapid Urease Test of gastric biopsy specimens of all
patientswas done forthepresenceofH.Pylori.
RESULTS:Out of 100PUDpatients, 74weremales&26were females.Out of 54H.Pylori associatedPUDpatients, 41(76%)weremales and 13(24%)
were females. About 47% patients had GU, 43% had DU and 10% had both GU & DU. About 34(79%) DU patients were associated with H.Pylori
infection. Out of 47 GU patients, 11(23%) are associated with NSAID usage, 7(15%) are associated with H.Pylori & other 53% had associated comorbidities like HTN, DM, CAD and CLD. Descriptive analysis in percentage was done by using MS Excel.
CONCLUSION:Thendings ofthisstudy revealthatH.Pyloriinfection ismore common inmalesthan females.High prevalence ofH.Pyloriinfection
isseeninDUpatients.NSAIDabusewas highinGUpatients.Thisstudyhighlightsthe signicanceofH.Pylori&NSAIDusage inPUDpatients.
CASE SERIES OF NEUROFIBROMATOSIS AND ITS VARIED MANIFESTATIONS IN PREGNANCY: AN OBSTETRICIAN’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Bharathi Shree , N S Kubera , Jha Niveditha , Mangolnganbi Chanu Sairem
Published: July 2021

Neurobromatosis (NF) type1 is a relatively common genetic neurocutaneous disorder with variable clinical expression. It has been linked with
obstetric complications like preeclampsia in the mother and fetal growth restriction(FGR), preterm birth and stillbirth in the fetus. NF1 is
frequently associated with bony dysplasia and neurological manifestations like seizure disorder, large disguring plexiform neurobroma and
malignant nerve sheath tumors.
Due to the above-mentioned concerns, pregnancy and childbirth can be challenging in women with NF1. Timely screening and regular monitoring
are required for early diagnosis and treatment of these conditions, to ensure optimal obstetric care.
We present in our case series, the management, maternal and fetal outcomes of 7 pregnancies in ve women with neurobromatosis.
A STUDY OF ASSOCIATION OF THYROID DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING
Authors: Nurejjaman MD , Ghosh Anuradha , Begum Shermin Siria , Jana Debarshi
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine the association between menstrual disturbances and thyroid dysfunction, to analyze the
pattern of menstrual dysfunctions among women with thyroid disorder and to estimate the prevalence of subclinical thyroid diseases among
women in the reproductive age group with abnormal uterine bleeding,
Materials And Methods: This was an observational study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Post Graduate
Medical Education & Research, SSKM Hospital, Kolkata from March 2019 to August 2020. Inclusion criteria were patients attending OPD with
age group of 18-45 years, women with any of the following menstrual disturbances- menorrhagia, oligomenorrhoea, hypomenorrhea,
polymenorrhoea, amenorrhoea with no pelvic pathology and USG showing normal uterus and ovaries.
Conclusion: From our study, it may be concluded that there is a strong correlation of thyroid dysfunction with abnormal uterine bleeding. In the
patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, if thyroid disorders are timely diagnosed and treated, the menstrual irregularities settle, and unnecessary
intervention like hormonal treatment and surgery like hysterectomy can be avoided. Since thyroid dysfunction is an important treatable cause of
abnormal uterine bleeding, estimation of thyroid status should be a part of the battery of investigations being done in the patients of abnormal
uterine bleeding.
Non-Linear Energy Harvesting in RIS-assisted URLLC Networks for Industry Automation
Authors: Dhok Shivani , Raut Prasanna , Sharma Prabhat Kumar , Singh Keshav , Li Chih-Peng
Published: July 2021

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted wireless communication system with non-linear energy harvesting (EH) and ultra-reliable low-latency constraints is considered for its possible applications in industrial automation. A distant data-center (DC) communicates with the multiple destination machines with the help of a full-duplex (FD) server machine (SM) and RIS. Assuming the deficiency of enough transmission power at the FD-SM, the SM is considered in the near vicinity of the destinations in the industry to forward the data received from the distant DC. The reception at SM is assisted by the RIS and a non-linear hybrid power-time splitting (PTS) based EH receiver architecture is adopted to extend the lifespan of SM, thus increasing network lifetime. The scheduling of multiple destinations is done by SM based on the considered selection criteria namely, random (RND) scheduling, absolute (ABS) channel-power-based (CPB) scheduling and normalized (NRM) CPB scheduling. The end-to-end performance of the considered FD RIS-assisted network is analyzed, and the expressions for the block error rate (BLER) for all scheduling schemes are derived. Moreover, the effects of number of RIS elements, packet size, channel uses on the system performance are analyzed for the considered ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) network. The scheduling fairness of all the scheduling schemes is also analyzed to study the performance-fairness trade-off. The derived analytical results are verified through Monte-Carlo simulations.
EFFECTIVENESS OF OZONATED VIRGIN COCONUT OIL ON FULL THICKNESS SKIN DEFECT WOUND HEALING IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY Rats
Authors: Surbakti Herry Maha Putra , Yuniati Renny , Handojo Djoko
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroduction: Wounds are a breakdown of tissue integrity / continuity that can lead to infection. Virgin Coconut Oil is a processed coconut product made by processing fresh coconut flesh at low temperature and has a high nutritional content. Ozone therapy is an alternative therapy that has disinfectant properties and can induce strong oxidative stress.

Methods: This study was conducted on 50 Sprague-Dawley rats that had injuries. We performed full thickness wounds and administered ozonated doses of VCO to mice. We looked at shrinkage of wounds and TGF Beta levels in mice. Assessment was carried out on day 7 and day 14 to assess the wound and TGF-beta immunohistochemically.

Results: There was a significant difference in the wound shrinkage variable between the negative control group and the group that received VCO offerings both on day 7 and day 14. We also found a significant difference in the TGF-beta variable between the negative control group and the group that received VCO offerings both on day 7 and day 14.

Conclusion: The administration of ozonated virgin coconut oil was effective in increasing the expression of TGF-? in the full thickness defect of Sprague Dawley rats and was effective in increasing the reduction in wound size in the full thickness defect of Sprague Dawley rats.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Wungu Terhadap Kadar Malondialdehid Darah Pada Tikus Diabetes Militus
Authors: Elnitiarta Jasmine , Istiadi Hermawan , Hendrianingtyas Meita , Retnoningrum Dwi
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronik dengan gejala glukosa darah yang tinggi (hyperglycaemia) dimana terjadi peningkatan biomarker stress oksidatif yaitu MDA. Daun wungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) memiliki alkaloid dan flavonoid yang bersifat antioksidan untuk mengurangi radikal bebas.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun wungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) terhadap kadar malondialdehid darah pada tikus Wistar yang diinduksi aloksan.Metode: Desain percobaan menggunakan post-test only control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus wistar jantan sebanyak 24 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 6 tikus setiap kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan aloksan, kelompok perlakuan 1, kelompok perlakuan 2, dan kelompok perlakuan 3 diberikan ekstrak daun wungu dengan dosis 50, 100 dan 200 mg/kgBB peroral kemudian kadar glukosa darah diperiksa untuk memastikan bahwa tikus sudah diabetes melitus. Setelah tikus diabetes melitus, dilakukan tindakan tiap kelompok. Pada hari ke-14 tikus diambil data kadar malondialdehid darahnya. Data diuji dengan uji normalitas Saphiro-Wilk. Pada penelitian ini data terdistribusi normal (p>0.05) sehingga dilakukan uji ANOVA kemudian dilakukan uji post-hoc. Hasil: Didapatkan penurunan kadar MDA darah pada tikus yang diberikan daun wungu. Hasil signifikan didapatkan antara kelompok perlakuan 3 dengan kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan lainnya.

Kesimpulan: Daun wungu dengan berbagai dosis dapat menurunkan kadar malondialdehid darah pada tikus DM.
The The Effects of Zumba Exercise on LDL Levels and Oxidative Stress of Young Adult Women
Authors: Putri Alda Aulia Rahma Ananto , Supatmo Yuswo , Setiawati Erna , Ambarwati Endang
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Gaya hidup sedenter menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas fisik yang merupakan faktor terjadinya penyakit tidak menular salah satunya dislipidemia. Zumba sebagai bentuk latihan aerobik yang banyak diminati oleh dewasa muda dapat menurunkan kadar LDL dan tingkat stres oksidatif yang diukur dengan biomarker malondialdehid (MDA). Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh latihan Zumba terhadap kadar LDL dan MDA pada wanita usia dewasa muda. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan two groups pre and post test design. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 36 orang wanita, dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan (n=18) dan kelompok kontrol (n=18). Kelompok perlakuan melakukan latihan Zumba selama 60 menit dengan frekuensi 2 kali seminggu selama 8 minggu secara virtual. Pengukuran kadar LDL dan MDA menggunakan sampel darah subjek penelitian. Analisis data dengan uji t-berpasangan, uji Wilcoxon dan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Tidak terdapat penurunan kadar LDL namun terjadi penurunan kadar MDA yang signifikan pada kelompok perlakuan setelah latihan Zumba selama 8 minggu. Pada kelompok perlakuan kadar LDL meningkat dari 94,18±25,60 mg/dL menjadi 105,82±27,64 mg/dL (p<0,05) dan kadar MDA menurun dari 1,71±0,28 µmol/L menjadi 0,37±0,64 µmol/L (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar LDL yang bermakna, sebaliknya terdapat perbedaan kadar MDA yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Simpulan: Latihan Zumba dengan frekuensi 2 kali seminggu selama 8 minggu secara virtual tidak dapat menurunkan kadar LDL namun dapat menurunkan kadar MDA secara signifikan.

Kata kunci: latihan Zumba, low density lipoprotein, malondialdehid
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI KOENZIM Q10 TERHADAP KADAR LAKTAT DEHIDROGENASE PENDERITA LIMFOMA NON-HODGKIN YANG MENJALANI KEMOTERAPI DI RSUP Dr.KARIADI SEMARANG
Authors: Kusulistyo Farryanto , Suprihati Suprihati , Yusmawan Willy , Antono Dwi , Budiarti Rery , Farokah Farokah , Widodo Pujo
Published: July 2021

LATAR BELAKANG : Peningkatan kadar LDH dikenal sebagai penanda tumor yang menggambarkan aktivitas tumor termasuk tumor sel germinal, sarkoma dan LNH. Koenzim Q10 bekerja sebagai kofaktor dalam Siklus Krebs yang berperan dalam mengatasi kondisi kekurangan ATP dalam sel melalui reaksi reduksi dan oksidasi.

TUJUAN : Membuktikan pengaruh pemberian koenzim Q10 terhadap kadar LDH penderita LNH yang mendapat kemoterapi di RSUP Dr.Kariadi, Semarang.

METODE : Penelitian intervensi dengan desain randomized pre and post test double blind control group design. Subyek yang ditentukan sebanyak 34 orang. Subjek penelitian adalah penderita LNH yang mendapat kemoterapi dengan pemberian terapi selama 21 hari. Kelompok penelitian dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu kelompok perlakuan (penderita LNH yang mendapat kemoterapi, dan koenzim Q10 100mg/hari) sebanyak 17 orang, serta kelompok kontrol (penderita LNH yang mendapat kemoterapi dan plasebo) sebagai sisanya. Analisis data dengan deskriptif dan uji hipotesis

HASIL :  Terdapat perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan setelah intervensi, dimana terjadi penurunan kadar LDH pada kelompok perlakuan sedangkan pada kelompok kontrul justru terjadi peningkatan kadar LDH.

KESIMPULAN : Kadar LDH pada pasien LNH yang diberikan koenzim Q10, lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa pemberian koenzim Q10. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik pada penelitian ini

Kata Kunci : Limfoma Non-Hodgkin (LNH); Lactate Dehidrogenase (LDH); Koenzim Q10, prognosis
Seorang Pasien dengan Batu Staghorn Bilateral dan Spondilitis Ankilosis : Laporan Kasus Langka
Authors: Chandra Sibin , Addin Sofyan Rais , Santosa Ardy , Nugroho Eriawan Agung , Soedarso Mohamad Adi , Wibisono Dimas Sindhu , Daniswara Nanda
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang : Spondilitis ankilosis merupakan penyakit peradangan sendi yang bisa mempengaruhi tulang-tulang axial yang dapat menyebabkan nyeri sendi, dan dapat berlanjut kepada penyatuan dari tulang belakang1. Prevalensi penyakit ini diperkirakan mencapai 16,7 dari 10.000 orang di daerah Asia.2 Meskipun penyakit ini utamanya menyerang sendi, tetapi dilaporkan pula bahwa terdapat kasus manifestasi ekstraartikuler seperti halnya nefrolitiasis. Nefrolitiasis menyumbang sekitar 13,6% dari penderita spondilitis ankylosis.3 Kasus Nefrolithiasis Staghorn sinistra dengan spondilitis ankilosis pernah dilaporkan, tetapi belum pernah dengan kasus nefrolithiasis staghorn bilateral4  Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk mengetahui diagnosis dan tatalaksana spondilitis ankilosis dan nefrolitiasis staghorn bilateral.

Presentasi Kasus : Seorang pria berumur 38 tahun datang dengan keluhan nyeri hilang timbul pada pinggang sebelah kiri. Pasien sebelumnya telah didiagnosis dengan spondilitis ankilosis dan nefrolitiasis bilateral dekstra dan sinistra serta telah menjalani operasi Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy dekstra pada bulan Juni 2018. Pada pemeriksaan didapatkan keterbatasan gerak sendi tulang belakang dan nyeri ketok kostovertebra di sebelah kanan dan kiri. Dari pemeriksaan foto polos didapatkan gambaran batu staghorn bilateral

Kesimpulan : Pasien didiagnosis dengan spondilitis ankilosis dan nefrolitiasis staghorn bilateral. Prosedur penegakan diagnosis melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan penunjang perlu dilakukan dengan tepat untuk menghindarai kesalahan diagnosa. Penatalaksanaan nefrolitiasis perlu memperhatikan banyak aspek seperti ukuran batu, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana, serta mobilitas pasien, supaya dicapai tingkat kesembuhan yang tinggi.
Tinjauan Ekonomi Islam dalam Perilaku Konsumsi Mahasiswa Ekonomi Syariah Institut Agama Islam Bunga Bangsa Cirebon
Authors: Andalasari Lilis , Ridwan Taufik
Published: July 2021

Konsumsi dari tinjauan Islam memiliki arti yaitu suatu kegiatan pemanfaatan sumber daya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sandang, pangan dan papan manusia yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku konsumsi pada mahasiswa, mendeskripsikan tinjauan ekonomi Islam dalam perilaku konsumsi mahasiswa dan mendeskripsikan solusi yang bisa dilakukan untuk menghindari perilaku konsumtif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan desain penelitian berupa studi kasus. Subjek penelitian adalah informan. Data yang dianalisis adalah hasil observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan delapan responden mahasiswa Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah kelas reguler angkatan 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku konsumsi mahasiswa program studi ekonomi syariah dalam mengonsumsi pangan dan busana hanya untuk mengedepankan gaya hidup semata agar tidak ketinggalan mode.
Kontribusi Dukungan Orang Tua Terhadap Proses Belajar Anak di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Irlian.Msc Rahma , Minarsi Minarsi
Published: July 2021

Kontribusi dukungan orang tua terhadap proses belajar anak SD.N 54 KAUR Desa datar lebar 2 kecamatan lungkang kule kabupaten kaur Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Kontribusi dukungan orang tua terhadap proses belajar anak di masa pandemic di SD N 54 Kaur Desa Datar Lebar 2 Kecamatan Lungkang Kule Kabupaten Kaur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif jenis korelasional yaitu untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh. Populasi orang tua siswa kelas VI SD N 54 Kaur berjumlah 55 orang tua. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini mengunakan proportional Stratified Random Sampling, yaitu pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan secara acak berdasarkan tingkatan kelas. Pengambilan sampel ini mengunakan rumus solvin dengan taraf kesalahan 10 % adapun jumlah sampel yang diambil yaitu 22 orang. Data yang di peroleh mengunakan angket model skala likert, kemudian penyebaran angket dilakukan secara langsung, dengan hasil terdapat 6 responden  (27,2%) memberikan dukungan dengan baik terdapat 8 responden ( 36,4%) memberikan dukungan yang cukup baik, dan terdapat 8 responden (36%,4) kurang memberikan dukungan terhadap anak nya. Terdapat 11 responden ( 50%) dengan pola belajar baik, kemudian terdapat  6 responden ( 27,3%) dengan pola belajar yang kurang. Hasil uji statistic diperoleh nilai p_ value = 0,041 yang berarti p_ value <0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak atau berarti bahwa kontribusi dukungan orang tua berpengaruh terhadap pola belajar anak di masa pandemi.
Rumah Sakit Umum Type C dengan Pendekatan Healing Environment Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 di Binjai
Authors: Prastiwi Miladini
Published: July 2021

Kesehatan merupakan bagian penting bagi semua orang untuk

menjalankan aktivitasnya, seperti bekerja, belajar dan bermain. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menerapkan konsep healing environment pada sistem pengobatan RSU Bidadari, usulan perbaikan interior ruang rawat inap agar tercapainya konsep healing environment dan mewujudkan rancangan RSU Bidadari di Binjai dengan mendukung usaha penyembuhan pasien yang cepat dengan pendekatan healing enviroment pada ruang rawat inap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikometri. Hasil analisa penulis berdasarkan studi teoritis terhadap penerapan elemen pencahayaan memiliki kesesuaian dengan apa yang dirasakan pasien ketika berhadapan dengan elemen cahaya dalam ruang rawat inap ini. Para pasien merasa pencahayaan alami yang masuk ke dalam ruangan ini cukup nyaman bagi mata mereka. Di sisi lain, mereka merasa tidak nyaman akan penerapan pencahayaan buatan dalam ruang  rawat inap ini.
Pengaruh Metode Resitasi dan Motivasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Bakti Ibu II Palembang
Authors: Mukhlas Mukhlas
Published: July 2021

Pendidikan adalah suatu kegiatan yang mempunyai pengaruh besar terhadap pembentukan intelektual manusia, baik sebagai makhluk individu maupun sebagai makhluk sosial dalam beragam interaksinya. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan bersifat kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen (Experiment Design). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti dampak metode mengaji terhadap motivasi, motivasi terhadap hasil pembelajaran, metode mengaji terhadap hasil pembelajaran serta metode dan motivasi bacaan secara keseluruhan terhadap hasil pembelajaran. Metode analisis hipotesis yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah beberapa regresi linier dan korelasi. Analisis deskriptif dirangkum bahwa berdasarkan metode pembacaan tes korelasi terhadap motivasi, diperoleh nilai sig 0.000 kurang dari 0,05 yang berarti bahwa metode pengajian memiliki dampak positif pada motivasi, tes regresi linier berlipat ganda atau hasil tes t dalam nilai sig pada 0.000<0.05 menjelaskan bahwa metode pengajian juga berdampak pada hasil pembelajaran, sementara dampak motivasi terhadap hasil studi diuji oleh kombinasi uji-t dengan nilai manggung 0.034<0.05 dan signifikansi regresi linier ganda atau pengujian F dengan nilai sig pada 0.000<0,05 yang berarti bahwa metode pengajian dan motivasi bersama-sama berdampak pada hasil penelitian, dengan persentase 57,5% dan 42,5% yang dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas II SDN Wonorejo 01
Authors: Sukmawati Rega
Published: July 2021

Problem based learning merupakan model pembelajaran yang mengintegraskan peserta didik dalam kelompok. Berdasarkan hasil observasi peneliti, ditemukan hasil pengamatan bahwa pembelajaran di kelas II SDN Wonorejo 01 masih berpusat pada guru karena model pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah ceramah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil pembelajaran saat guru menggunakan model pembelajaran PBL. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa langkah-langkah pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) yang bisa dirancang oleh guru mencakup orientasi masalah pada peserta didik, mengorganisasikan peserta didik untuk belajar, membimbing penyelidikan individu atau kelompok, mengembangkan dan menyajikan hasil karya, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi proses pemecahan masalah. Penerapan model pembelajaran PBL dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik kelas II SDN Wonorejo 01 tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 dengan ketuntasan belajar klasikal peserta didik dari 36,67% pada pra siklus menjadi 46,67% pada siklus I dan 76,67% pada siklus II.
Can tissue nitric oxide synthesis 2 (iNOS) levels play a role in the pathophysiology of reflux esophagitis?
Authors: Akbaş Enver , Ülfer Gözde
Published: July 2021

Objective: Nitric oxide (NO) is a strong dilatator, playing an important role in inflammatory events. Its production is regulated by NO synthase 2 (NOS2/iNOS). Our aim was to compare iNOS in esophageal tissues of patients with erosive or non-erosive reflux esophagitis to that of normal cases.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2019–2020 on patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy. Study included 30 patients who had no reflux symptoms and were not diagnosed with reflux esophagitis in the UGI endoscopy (control), 22 who had pronounced reflux symptoms but could not be diagnosed with reflux esophagitis in the endoscopy (non-erosive reflux), and 51 who had reflux esophagitis in the endoscopy (erosive reflux esophagitis). Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, tissue iNOS levels were assessed on samples from the lower end of the esophagus.

Results: Average iNOS level was 5.02±1.51 picogram/milliliter (pg/mL) in the normal group and 5.04±1.68 pg/mL in all reflux esophagitis cases. iNOS levels were higher in non-erosive reflux and lower in erosive reflux than in controls. In erosive reflux A, B, and C, iNOS levels were 5.03±1.64, 5.10±2.23, and 4.06±0.02 pg/mL, respectively. The level in erosive reflux C is considerably lower than in the normal group. However, none of the differences between the groups was significant.

Conclusions: NO synthase was higher in patients with non-erosive reflux esophagitis and considerably lower in those with erosive reflux C, compared to the normal cases. Although not significant, the differences suggest that NO and iNOS levels may be important in reflux physiopathology.
Effectiveness and safety of orally administered silymarin (milk thistle) for pegylated interferon unresponsive chronic delta hepatitis patients
Authors: Aydin Mesut , Ergin Erhan , Tuncel Elif Tugba , Dirik Yaren , Ozluk Suat , Guducuoglu Huseyin , Dulger Ahmet Cumhur
Published: July 2021

Objective: Silymarin is a natural extract from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), a natural herb that contains flavonoids. Silymarin also has anti-inflammatory properties and lipid peroxidation effects on human hepatocytes. It has also been used for the treatment of acute alpha-amanitin poisoning and chronic hepatitis C infection.  Chronic Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is a severe health problem leading to fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with chronic HDV infection can be treated with Peg-IFN with lower treatment success.  Most patients with chronic HDV are unable or unwilling to use interferon (IFN)-based treatment due to liver cirrhosis. Our objective was to establish the long-term clinical outcomes with silymarin for interferon-experienced chronic HDV patients.

Materials and Methods: We studied ten patients from one centre with interferon who experienced chronic HDV, of which 8 had cirrhosis, and 2 had chronic hepatitis who received HDV treatment with silymarin 600 mg/day after a median period of 12 months. Information collected included demographic, clinical, virologic, and outcomes data. MELD and Child-Pugh (CP) scores were also obtained. Friedman test was used to evaluate the laboratory parameters during the study period.

Results: 10 chronic HDV patients (median age 54 yrs, six female, all of them previous null responders to Peg-IFN  with mildly decompensated cirrhosis [CP 7 (range 6-11), MELD 11 (range 6-20] were followed for 12 months from the start of silymarin 600 mg/day. There was no decompensation of both MELD and CP scores among patients at the end of therapy. In addition, no patients stopped silymarin treatment early due to side effects. At the end of treatment, there was no significant change in prothrombin time (p= 0.949), AST (p=0.662) and AFP (p=0.983) levels and platelets counts (p=0.988) compared to the pre-treatment period (all p>0.005). Finally, HDV-RNA suppression was seen in all patients at the end of treatment (p=0.009).

Conclusions: In the light of the presented data, silymarin seems to be effective in treating chronic HDV infection. Further research is needed for validation. The study is ongoing with a collection of data on sustained viral response.
Determination of risk factors using Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis in patients with breast tumour
Authors: Demir Canan
Published: July 2021

Objective: Breast cancer, which is the most common among women in the world and constitutes approximately 30% of all cancers, takes places near the top among the diseases that threaten women's health. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors in patients with breast tumours using nonlinear principal component analysis.

Materials and Methods: During the application process, a data set of 569 (357 benign, 212 malign) patients with breast tumours was used. To find independent features, the data set was reduced to two dimensions via nonlinear principal component analysis. The results were evaluated by comparing the success of the method with the ROC curve.

Results: The cut-off values for the radius, perimeter, area, smoothness and texture of the tumour were 14.19, 656.10, 0.09, 2.87 and 0.11, respectively. The sensitivity of the current values according to the results of ROC analysis was determined as 84% for radius, 80% for perimeter, 86% for the area and 94% for texture. It is seen that the method has an overall success of over 80% in detecting malignant tumours.

Conclusions: It is hoped that this method, which is used to reveal risk factors and identify distinctive features in breast tumours, will reduce medical costs and provide a second opinion to physicians. In terms of decision making, it is predicted that the method can recognize malignant tumours and reduce the need for unnecessary biopsy for benign tumours.
A Review on future challenges and concerns associated with an Internet of Things based automatic health monitoring system
Authors: Pandian A Pasumpon
Published: July 2021

This research article surveys the most recent IoT healthcare system research articles as the integration of IoT models have been extended to healthcare systems, such as health monitoring, fitness routines, and other applications. Extensive research study has been conducted on Internet of Things (IoT) technology to enhance the monitoring efficiency. This research is aimed at investigating the Internet of Things [IoT] architecture with an emphasis on cloud-based applications. The most significant challenges in the Internet of Things [IoT] include different elements such as accuracy and energy consumption, wherein this research is focused on improving the performance of IoT-based medical equipment. In this research, data management techniques for the Internet of Things-based cloud healthcare system are also thoroughly investigated. The performance and limitations of the Internet of Things (IoT) health system are evaluated. The majority of studies are successful in detecting a wide range of markers and correctly predicting illness. The Internet of Things (IoT) health system is being developed as an effective solution to the health concerns of elderly population. The major drawbacks of current systems are their increased energy consumption, reduced availability of resources, and safety concerns resulting from the use of a large number of different pieces of equipment.
Obesity progression causes liver steatosis and co-morbidities without apparent cardiac metabolic and functional decline
Authors: Nascimento André Ferreira do , Martins Aline de Oliveira , Oliveira Tamiris Aparecida Souza de , Correa Camila Renata , Okoshi Katashi , Ferreira Ana Lúcia dos Anjos , Luvizotto Renata de Azevedo Melo
Published: July 2021

The goal of this study was to test if obesity progression can be a risk factor to alter cardiac metabolism and function along the time. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided to receive either chow diet (12.0% calories from fat) [C group] or high-fat diet (49.7% calories from fat) plus sucrose in the drinking water (100% from carbohydrate) [H group] for 6, 12 and 24 weeks. The Western diet significantly increased adiposity index of rats in all three experimental periods compared to C group. This was associated with increased plasma levels of insulin, resistin, leptin, glucose, triacylglycerol and decreased adiponectin, however, all variables were stable along the time except insulin and leptin. Plasma free fatty acid was only elevated with 24 weeks treatment. The obesity status resulted in hepatic steatosis progression in H group, while oxidative stress, hepatic inflammatory foci as well as TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA levels were not affected. There are no cardiac performance decline as well as metabolism cardiac changes in H group when compared with C. In conclusion, Western diet induced and promoted obesity, co-morbidities and hepatic steatosis progression while was not associated with apparent alterations of cardiac metabolism and function. These results suggest that obesity progression seems to affect the organs of distinct ways, and cardiac dysfunction is a question of time