bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enabling Participatory Planning
Authors: Parker Gavin , Street Emma
Published: April 2022

This book examines the challenges in delivering a participatory planning agenda in the face of an increasingly neoliberalised planning system and charts the experience of Planning Aid England. In an age of austerity, government spending cuts, privatisation and rising inequalities, the need to support and include the most vulnerable in society is more acute than ever. However, forms of Advocacy Planning, the progressive concept championed for this purpose since the 1960s, is under threat from neoliberalisation. Rather than abandoning advocacy, the book asserts that only through sustained critical engagement will issues of exclusion be positively tackled and addressed. The authors propose neo-advocacy planning as the critical lens through which to effect positive change. This, they argue, will need to draw on a co-production model maintained through a well-resourced special purpose organisation set up to mobilise and resource planning intermediaries whose role it is to activate, support and educate those without the resources to secure such advocacy themselves.
Applied data science for stability assessment of test systems
Authors:   AVL List, AUSTRIA, Gei, Chiara , Živadinović Milan ,   AVL List, AUSTRIA
Published: April 2022

"The automotive standards and expectations are changing in an unprecedented pace, the regulatory requirements further add to this momentum of change. Increasing complexity, cost pressure, introduction of new technologies achieve a quieter, electric powered, lower emission and autonomous drive. These are the demands which are faced today in the development process, that lead to high complexity in verification and validation procedures of powertrains under continuously changing configurations of the unit under test. Due to the above-mentioned challenges the stability assessment and the efficiency of the testbed operation in testing campaigns of new powertrains is crucial. The standard testing procedure for proving robustness of system parameters and/or configurations allows a diversity of different test programs for the unit under test. Since the test programs can contain different operating conditions, the assessment of the system stability throughout testing is always a challenge. Especially not being able to discover whether the deviations in the monitored signals occur due to the system changes (e.g. calibration) or due to the influence of the changed conditions on the testbed and test equipment as such. Therefore, additional test repetitions, so-called reference point measurements, are performed on a daily basis to ensure the correct operation of the test facility. Needless to say, these further reference point measurements represent a considerable cost and time factor in the overall process. Knowing this situation and the associated drawbacks of the current procedure, the main focus of our analysis is to develop a concept for a new approach to continuously evaluate drifts on the monitored signals for transient testbed measurements while saving time for additional test repetitions and improving the quality of the stability evaluation. The first phase of this new methodology contains a procedure for quality assessment of time series data, including anomaly detection strategies for various signals, with the use of data-driven machine learning methods. The next phase describes the time series segmentation of the measured signals using advanced pattern recognition techniques. The divided segments are then used for the identification of the reoccurring, but significant, transient events and steady-state operation points in the test programs, later referred to as virtual reference points (VRP). Following this, unsupervised learning procedures for clustering are applied to recognize comparable patterns. The last phase comprises the stability analysis of the monitored signals, which is based on predefined KPIs (key performance indicators), and the judgment of significant deviations from the expected historical trend. Finally, the outcome of our methodology allows the derivation of recommendations, for subsequent actions for test facility operators or test engineers."
Managing Risk to Reputation and Emissions Compliance through Independent Testing
Authors:   Emissions Analytics, UNITED KINGDOM, Hobday James
Published: April 2022

"Emissions Analytics independently PEMS tests over 300 vehicles per year. Our database now contains over 2,000 vehicles since work began in 2011. We wish to share with the delegation what our independent data tells us about how the industry has progressed and where work remains in extremes such as cold-start, high speed, high acceleration testing. RDE and WLTP have gone some way to recovering lost confidence and trust in the car industry. However, real-world emissions is a broad term and outside the parameters of standard test cycles, risk remains for manufacturers. WLTP has gone some way to repair the damage of NEDC when compared to the effectiveness of US test cycles to manage real MPG and CO2. • Increasing number of sources of compliance risk: homologation, conformity of production and in-service surveillance under Real Driving Emissions • Together with reputational and policy risk: media, consumer and political perception • Not sufficient to hide behind flawed regulations (such as WLTP) • Need holistic view of pollutant emissions, carbon dioxide and fuel efficiency • Emissions Analytics runs a large independent test programme, covering hundreds of vehicles across three continents each year • Data is analysed an available in a unique database that is accessed by a governments, industry and others • EQUA Index helps manage these risks using the Emissions Analytics’ database of over 2000 vehicle PEMS tests, covering passenger cars, light commercial, heavy commercial and off-road • Calculating risk ratings, identifying weaknesses and benchmarking between vehicles. Historically, focus has been primarily about emissions compliance at original certification. Due to the combination of Dieselgate and the new in-service surveillance testing under Real Driving Emissions, the notion of emissions compliance risk is much broader, and strict compliance may still come with reputational risk. Emissions Analytics’ presentation sets out the challenges and potential solutions."
Aspecte ale formării competenței pragmatice la limba engleză în cadrul formal
Authors: Petriciuc Lilia
Published: April 2022

The need for a balanced approach to all the components of communicative competence in language teaching is extensively proven from a theoretical standpoint. In practice, however, the linguistic dimension, particularly the lexical one, prevails in the teaching-learning process, to the detriment of the other elements. The article highlights the importance of creating a balance among all the CC components, emphasizing that special attention should be paid to the pragmatic competence in a formal setting. Some effective teaching strategies in this regard are also described.
Pedagogical conditions of forming communicative competences in students by means of game situations
Authors: Topcu Iskender
Published: April 2022

The article describes pedagogical conditions for the formation of communicative competence of students by means of game situations. It has been determined that the traditional approach to learning under the conditions of the modern school does not fully ensure the intensive mastery of the necessary system of knowledge. Using the system of game situations allows effective formation, improvement and development of skills and abilities of all types of linguistic activity. Game exercises, when used systematically, contribute to modeling the conditions of real communication in the learning process, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the level of motivation to learn a foreign language.
Компетентность как показатель профессионального мастерства будущих педагогов (Педагогическое образование)
Authors: Сергийчук Е.Н.
Published: April 2022

The article summarizes the theoretical positions of the essence of the concept of «professional competence». The structural components of professional competence are determined and analyzed. The author summarizes the experience of organizing and conducting pedagogical practice in a higher school on the basis of a competent approach (on the example of DVNZ «Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky State Pedagogical University named after Gregory Skovoroda»). .It is noted that properly organized pedagogical practice, provided that it is directly related to the theory, is one of the main ways of improving the professional training of pedagogical staff.
Aspecte metodologice de dezvoltare a competențelor sociale la lecțiile de Dezvoltare personală în clasele primare
Authors: Saranciuc-Gordea Liliana
Published: April 2022

This article elucidates the theoretical, normative and methodological aspects of the development of social skills – transversal/transdisciplinary skills, in the lesson Personal development in primary school (class I).
Sexual Orientation Diversity and Inclusion in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study of LGB Inclusion in a UK Public Sector Organisationientation Diversity and Inclusion in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study of LGB Inclusion in a UK Public Sector Organisation
Authors: Williams Ashley , Thompson Neill , Kandola Binna
Published: April 2022

Inclusion has been identified as a key component of successful approaches to organisational diversity management. To date, the inclusion literature has predominantly used quantitative methodology to study visible forms of diversity such as gender and ethnicity. Invisible forms of diversity, such as sexual orientation diversity, have received limited research attention, despite Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual (LGB) employees facing significantly higher rates of bullying and discrimination in the workplace than their heterosexual colleagues. The current study uses semi-structured interviews and template analysis to investigate LGB employees’ experiences of workplace inclusion within a UK public sector organisation. Findings demonstrate that LGBs share many experiences of exclusion with other minority groups; however, they are not often regarded as exclusionary or the result of one’s sexual orientation. Such experiences appear to be either overlooked due to membership of other minority groups which hold greater significance, or downplayed due to membership of other majority groups. The main implication of this finding is that quantitative measures of inclusion may not reveal the severity of exclusion in organisations. It is therefore recommended that future research investigating employees’ perceptions of inclusion should consider the validity of findings in relation to inclusion based on invisible characteristics. Finally, the findings detailed in this report lend support for the use of an intersectional research approach, which considers the way in which minority statuses are interconnected and cannot be examined in isolation when investigating individuals’ experiences.
“Researcher-As-Instrument” in Qualitative Research: The Complexities of the Educational Researcher’s Identities
Authors: Yoon Bogum , Uliassi Christine
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to reexamine the principle of researcher-as-instrument to provide insights on methodological ways of engaging critically and reflexively. There are few published pieces that have given attention to the complexities of the educational researcher’s identities through the method of critical self-analysis. The researcher’s nine published case studies were critically reanalyzed by using the criteria of excellent qualitative research such as rich rigor to examine the relationship between the researcher’s identities and the quality of qualitative research. The findings suggest that the researcher’s published studies lack sincerity most among other criteria. The layered identities of the researcher, specifically her theoretical knowledge and linguistic orientation, influenced the data interpretation and subsequent reports. The field of educational research tends to view researchers as one homogenous group; this study redefines that notion as the findings uncover that the researcher’s positionality affects data interpretation. The findings suggest that a more rigorous method of reexamining the concept of researcher-as instrument is vital for the improvement of the educational practice. A suggestion for future publications is to include a “complexities” section to share researchers’ complex identities in their qualitative research reporting.
Narrative Study of Teaching Strategies and Challenges Encountered by Teachers in Synchronous Online Classes
Authors: Dimaculangan Kristine Anne , Hadji Abas Hanifa , Quinto Celestie S.
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic urged a dramatic shift in the educational landscape, whereby digital platforms are utilized in teaching and learning. This new setup has posed challenges in teaching mathematics; hence, this study was conceptualized to explore the different teaching strategies and challenges math teachers encountered in their synchronous online classes (SOC). It aimed to draw analysis and increased understanding of the experiences related to teaching strategies and challenges, focusing on two essential aspects of teaching and learning: content and student engagement. Online in-depth interviews involving nine (9) Junior High School mathematics teachers of a private academic institution in Southern Luzon were conducted for data gathering. Results depict two significant themes as the participants' strategies in their SOC: teacher-directed instruction and motivational strategies.Meanwhile, three major themes emerged as challenges encountered by the participants: the role of the teacher, time constraints, and students' responsiveness. Findings suggest that some of the difficulties in synchronous online teaching may have resulted from the tendency to replicate face-to-face teaching in a virtual classroom and lack of technological proficiency. Hence, opportunities to enhance teachers’ knowledge and skills in digital pedagogies and more student-centered online teaching approaches can be a gateway to address the challenges posed.
The Use of Moringa Oleifera Powder to Prevent Pancreatic Organ Cell Damage in Pregnant Mice with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Haryanti Elizabeth
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Diseases that accompany pregnancy, such as diabetes mellitus, affect preeclampsia. This disease is a hereditary disorder characterized by reduced circulating insulin, high blood sugar concentrations, and reduced glycogenesis. This study tried to determine the effect of giving Moringa leaf powder (Moringa oleifera) in preventing pancreatic organ cell damage in pregnant rats with diabetes mellitus. Method: A total of 30 pregnant white rats, which were divided into 6 groups, were examined for their sugar levels on day 4 after being induced by alloxan for 18 days to ensure that they were already in a hyperglycemic state. Result: The results showed that the administration of Moringa leaf powder at a dose of 800 mg/day/kg BW could reduce pancreatic cell apoptosis, approaching the negative control group. Conclusion: In conclusion, the moringa leaf powder is able to improve the clinical pathological condition of pregnancy, due to inhibition of apoptosis and repair of pancreatic Langerhans cells.
Effectiveness of Realistic Mathematical Education (RME) Approach Compared to Conventional Learning Models Elementary School Students
Authors:   Sebelas Maret University, Ardiniawan Dimas Yuniar
Published: April 2022

The learning approach that can be applied in learning mathematics is a realistic approach, because it has the advantage that it gives students a clearer understanding of the relationship between mathematics and everyday life and under the guidance of teachers students can solve their mathematical problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of RME compared to conventional learning models. This research is a quasi-experimental research. In this study, the population was the second semester students of class IV SD Negeri Pacitan District. In this study, the sample was part of the population taken using the Stratified Cluster Random Sampling technique, taking data from all public elementary schools in Pacitan District. The results before and after using the RME (Realistic Mathematical Education). Based on the results of the t-test analysis (paired sample t-test), it can be obtained that the t-count is greater than t table. Namely 12.078 > 1.68595 and Sig. (2 tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of the RME method on the development of mathematical reasoning abilities of elementary school students in the Pacitan district.
Interactive Effect between Florfenicol and Tylosin Tartrate for Use in the Therapy and Prevention of Diseases in Veterinary Medicine
Authors:   Research professors, Los Altos University Centre, Universidad de Guadalajara, México, Hernández, Víctor Octavio Fuentes
Published: April 2022

An in vitro test on the pharmacological interaction of the antibiotic combination between florfenicol and tylosin tartrate was performed. An in vitro challenge method was used for this purpose. The results were used to calculate their interaction using the graphical representation known as ISOBOLOGRAM. The pure salts of florfenicol and tylosin tartrate were used. The agar bioassay method was used. The following criteria were used to quantify the results: A synergistic effect was defined when the actual/theoretical effect (SMEF) was greater than 1. The additive effect was defined when the SMEF was equal to 1. The area between antagonism and additive effect was defined as the zone of indifference. When studying the interaction between florfenicol and tylosin tartrate it was observed that the best SMF of this antibiotic combination was 1.45 when the concentration ratio between the antibiotics was 1 : 4 (florfenicol tylosin tartrate respectively). Consequently, it can be postulated that the combination of florfenicol with tylosin tartrate showed a synergistic effect and can be recommended in poultry and swine for the treatment of mycoplasma infections, most gram + and gram- germs and other infectious agents sensitive to the formulation.
Clinical Indications of Avipattikara Choorna an Experiential and Scientific View
Authors: Acharya G Shripathi , S Acharya Rajeshwari
Published: April 2022

Choorna is a type of formulation in which plant products are mixed in a definite proportion and pulverized before its use. These are given in various disorders with good outcome. Triphala Choorna, Talisadi Choorna, Sitopaladi Choorna, Laghu Gangadhara Choorna, Gangadhara Choorna, Trikatu Choorna, Lavana Bhaskara Choorna, Hingwashtaka Choorna And Hingu Vachadi Choorna are few Choorna Yogas which are commonly used in the management of various disorders by Ayurveda physicians. Avipattikara choorna is one such preparation which is commonly used in GIT disorders and disorders associated with constipation. It has actions like Pittahara, Virechana, Shoolahara, and antispasmodic actions. It is commonly given in Amlapitta, Pittaja Shoola, Perinamashoola, , Annadrava Shoola, Arshas And Malabandha. The present paper highlights about the clinical indications of Avipattikara choorna in an experimental and scientific view.
Conceptualization of the concept of digital maturity of a university in the context of digital transformation of higher education
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Bannykh Galina , Kostina Svetlana
Published: April 2022

Digital transformation as a natural stage in the development of any organization in the context of new socio-economic conditions requires the development of general models for the course of this process, as well as systems for assessing the achievement of the main indicators of digital development. In the Russian Federation the President and the Government have set the goal of achieving "digital maturity" for the higher education system as a priority area in the "Strategy for the digital transformation of the science and higher education industry". Today, many Russian universities are already developing digital transformation programs, and this requires an analysis of the current situation, understanding and ranking problems, as well as constructing and forecasting possible risks and effects. The purpose of the research is to analyze foreign and domestic theoretical sources that reveal the concept, models and methods for assessing the "digital maturity" of higher education organizations. Qualitative method of document analysis has been used as a research method. The results. The terminology in the context of researching the "digital maturity" of a university is actively developing. In relation to the concept, different approaches have been formed: biological, psychological, process, the category is comprehended both as a result and as a prerequisite for the digital transformation of universities. In the Russian Federation there is also a normative definition that determines the strategic priorities of the digital development of the higher education system. At the moment, the concept has been tested on several models for assessing the digital maturity of foreign and domestic universities, but the results also do not allow us to speak about the formed concept of this phenomenon.
Values of a modern family as an object of social and cultural analysis
Authors:   Maykop State Technological University, Kobleva Zuret , Karataban Irina
Published: April 2022

The article considers topical issues of social and cultural values of a modern family. One of the serious problems of the modern society is family conflicts, which have negative consequences for both a family and a person. A modern family, which is based on traditional family values, is a barometer of the social well-being of our society. The article shows the transformation of family values at the present stage, caused by a decrease in the importance of family debt, kinship relations and reproductive norms, the replacement of traditional forms of a family with new, alternative options, which are characterized by the absence of children and the predominance of extra-family values. In the course of the sociological study conducted within the framework of the research, it has been found that the system of traditional family values has a fairly stable position in the society, in the presence of certain modern trends that indicate the predominance of individual values over family ones. An important role in the formation of family values at the present stage should be assigned to education as a factor that has a serious impact on strengthening the family institution. At the same time, it is very important to have clear social guidelines that will contribute to the formation of family values. The practical significance of the article lies in the use of provisions and conclusions in the process of communication between representatives of various social groups and cultures, as well as in the creation of a family-information policy of the state, in the formation of the social and cultural values of a family with the active assistance of social institutions of the society and the media.
Evolution of foot-wear in the history of linear stations/
Authors:   Maykop State Technological University, Tsareva Louisа
Published: April 2022

At all times, clothing has been the most important element that helps a man to get used to new climatic and geographical conditions, therefore it is able to characterize the picture of society at every stage of its development. At the regional level, clothing research is mainly of a historical and cultural orientation, but ethnographic research of clothing is needed, which would accurately describe the subject of the research, its graphic image, design and technological features, since over time the invaluable experience of its production will be forgotten and lost. The article discusses footwear (clothes for legs) for men, women and children of linear villages, starting from its archaic variants to modern ones; methods for the production of footwear (woven, sewn, molded), materials for the manufacture of footwear - vegetable origin (wood bark, reed stalks, hemp ropes), animal origin (leather, wool) and chemical (rubber), as well as its design and technological features
Active learning technologies in the context of distance education
Authors:   Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, Poddubnaya Tatyana
Published: April 2022

The currently implemented Federal state educational standards of higher education (FSES HE 3+, FSES HE 3++) provide for the use of active learning technologies in educational activities in order to enhance the cognitive activity of students. The transition to a distance learning format as a result of the coronavirus pandemic has actualized the feasibility of conducting training sessions using active learning methods that make it possible to build an educational trajectory of interaction between teachers and students in an online format more ergonomically. The research problem is What active learning technologies are effective in distance education? The purpose of the research is to substantiate the use of active learning technologies in distance education as a means of enhancing the educational process. The research objectives are to substantiate the importance of active learning technologies in the current conditions of distance education; to reveal the concept of "technologies of active learning"; to present the practice of using active learning methods in distance education. The methodology and research methods. The theoretical basis of the research is the development of active learning methods, the empirical base is the data of an online survey. The research methods are analysis, generalization, survey, description. The results of the research are the following: prerequisites for distance education and the importance of active learning technologies have been substantiated; the concept of "technologies of active learning" have been disclosed; the practice of using active teaching methods in distance education has been described. Key conclusions: the prerequisites for the introduction of distance learning into the educational practice are the widespread use of information and communication technologies, as well as the unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situation in the world caused by the spread of Covid-19; active learning technologies include methods that activate the learning activities of students. The following active methods are optimal for distance learning: interview, essay, project, case study, group discussion.
Prenatally diagnosed large intrapericardial rhabdomyoma without haemodynamic compromise
Authors: Atiq Mehnaz , Durre Shahwar  , Kashif Abbas Zaidi
Published: April 2022

Cardiac rhabdomyoma is the most common primary cardiac tumour and is considered to be a hamartoma of developing embryonic cardiac myocytes. It is commonly seen in tuberous sclerosis. The size and location of the tumour is the surrogate determinant of the risk of haemodynamic compromise. Pericardial rhabdomyoma is very rare and tends to follow the inherent natural history of spontaneous regression. We present cases of two foetuses diagnosed with large pericardial rhabdomyoma and no haemodynamic consequences.
Key Words: Fetal cardiac tumors, intrapericardial rhabdomyoma, prenatal diagnosis.
Myocarditis following administration of COVID-19 Vaccine – Should we be worried?
Authors: Aayat Ellahi Buksh  , Adil Mariam , Mankani Muhammad Hasnain
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 vaccines have raised scepticism surrounding their accelerated approval due to their suspected adverse side effects.(1) Recently emerging clinical cases such as flu, fever, tachycardia, Bell’s palsy, and swelling of the lymph nodes have further heightened public distrust. Interestingly, the United States Food and Drug Administration has recently announced an inflammatory heart disease, Myocarditis, as a potential risk of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.
 In efforts to find an association between the Pfizer vaccine and Myocarditis, researchers recently carried out extensive clinical trials; two new studies tracked cases having biomarker evidence of myocardial injury and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.(2,3) Moreover, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recorded 323 confirmed cases of myocarditis, most documented within a week after each patient had received the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.(4)
A recent emergent theory suggests a cytokine response as the leading cause of myocarditis; the immune system identifies the mRNA in the vaccine as an antigen, leading to the activation of proinflammatory cascades and immunological pathways. The expression of cytokines and activation markers is due to the exposure of the dendritic cells to mRNA, which eventually causes inflammation of the heart muscle.(4)
Furthermore, according to the CDC, the myocarditis is mainly observed in male adolescents and young adults, more often after getting the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. A week after administrating  the vaccine, symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and tachycardia may appear, which tend to resolve following conservative treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.(3)
Despite the previously mentioned occurrences of myocarditis after administration of the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine, we would like to highlight the results of a large-scale cohort study in Israel with 2.5 million participants, where the estimated incidence of myocarditis after the administration of the Pfizer vaccine was only 2.13 cases per 100,000 persons.(5) These statistics allow us to draw the readers’ attention towards the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccination, which outweigh potential adverse risks such as Myocarditis. The Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine has proven to be 95% effective and to keep  track of other possible complications, patients are advised to report to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) to document any unusual side effects.(4) Despite the few reported complications, we would further like to emphasize the importance of population- wide vaccination to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic with a minimum mortality rate.
The hazardous consequences of rising air pollution on perinatal outcomes
Authors: Ahmed Kamal Siddiqi
Published: April 2022

To the editor: Adverse birth results, for example, preterm birth (PTB: under 37 weeks of pregnancy) and low birth weight (LBW: under 2.5kg) have been connected to a rise in neonatal bleakness and mortality with possible formative disabilities and probability of various infections in adulthood (1). All around the world, preterm birth is the central reason for neonatal mortality, adding to (35%) of world's neonatal mortality. Additionally, it’s the cause of lifetime disabilities and many chronic diseases. Annually 15 million pre-term children are conceived, around 1 million die due to complications (2). Over 60% of preterm births happen in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. On the other hand, low birthweight children experience development impediments and intellectual developments in later life (2). Hazard factors connected to these adverse birth results incorporate maternal age, drinking, smoking, infection during pregnancy, repeated pregnancies and so forth (1).
Nonetheless, there is developing proof that air contamination assumes a critical part in event of ominous birth results (1). As of late, another review links air contamination to 6 million pre-term births and 3 million underweight newborn children in 2019 because of air contamination. The review shows that indoor air contamination, principally from cooking ovens represents 2/3rd of these perinatal results (3). Air holding fine particulate matter (PM) of 2.5 micrometrs or less is related to antagonistic neonatal results. Persistent PM2.5 exposure induces conceptive toxicity refereed by placental DNA methylation and maternal inflammatory reactions, proposing a connection between PM2.5 exposure and preterm birth hazard (4). The particles have likewise been related to pregnancy-instigated hypertensive problems, expanding the danger of development impediment and preterm birth (3).
As indicated by this new study, over 92% of the worldwide population lives in regions where the air quality is underneath the limits as far as possible set by World Health Organization (WHO), and around 49% are presented to similarly undeniable degrees of indoor air contamination (3). The study also discovered that air contamination is generally widespread in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, two regions with universally the most noteworthy preterm births. Study's authors conclude that decreasing the air contamination in these two regions could essentially diminish the frequency of preterm birth and low birth weight by 78% worldwide (3).
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Evaluation of soils of the roadside territory area of the federal highway on the maintenance of heavy metals, arsenic and fluoride ions
Authors: Martsev Anton A. , Selivanov Oleg G.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. A hygienic assessment of the fluoride ions, heavy metals (HM) and arsenic content in the soils of the roadside area of the Ryazan-Volgograd highway was carried out. Materials and methods. The assessment was obased on the results of soil sampling from 11 sites over the Ryazan-Volgograd highway along its entire length at distances of 20 and 50 m from the roadbed. To assess the impact of vehicles on roadside soil pollution and exclude industrial sources of pollution, soil samples were taken outside settlements and industrial zones of cities. Results. The content of water-soluble fluorine in the studied soils was found to vary in the range significantly lower than the values of the maximum permissible concentration. With distance from the highway, the concentration of fluorine in the soil decreases, indicates its aerogenic origin. According to sanitary standards, its content corresponds to the permissible level. The accumulation index of HM and arsenic in the soil of the roadside area increases in the order: As → Ni → Zn →Pb → Cu. Cu has the maximum accumulation index, which varies from 1.24 to 4.34, depending on the soil types of the roadside territory. The accumulation of such pollutants as Pb, Zn was noted in the roadside areas represented by southern chernozems and dark chestnut residual calcareous soil types. The highest hazard coefficients are related to As on southern chernozems; Cu and Ni - on gray forest soils of the roadside territory of the federal highway. Limitations. The limitations of the study are associated with one-time sampling and a small number of reference sites, which limits the possibilities of a broader interpretation of the data obtained to determine trends in soil pollution of roadside areas. Conclusion. With the same technogenic load on the roadside area caused by the movement of passing motor vehicles, the self-cleaning ability of different soil types can differ significantly. On those parts of the roadside area where heavy metals are accumulating, it is necessary to organize constant environmental and hygienic monitoring and carry out measures for soil remediation.
Assessment of bioclimatic indices in the territories of the subarctic and continental climatic zones of the Krasnoyarsk Territory
Authors: Rakhmanov Rofail S. , Bogomolova Elena S. , Narutdinov Denis A. , Razgulin Sergey A. , Potekhina Natalya N. , Nepryakhin Dmitry V.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The information content of the used bioclimatic indices of comfort/discomfort is different. Goal is an assessment of the significance of bioclimatic indices in characterizing the risk to public health in the territories of the climatic zones of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Materials and methods. In the subarctic and continental climates, the risk of body cooling and frostbite in exposed areas of the body was assessed. By temperature, wind speed and relative humidity for 2010-2019. The integral indicator of cooling conditions, wind-cold index, effective temperature and equivalent effective temperature were calculated. Results. According to the integral indicator of the conditions for cooling the body in the subarctic climate, the risk to health for 8, in the continental climate - 6-7 months, according to the wind-cold index - 6-7 and 4 months. In terms of effective temperature, there was no risk in both climates for 10 and 12 months. The equivalent effective temperature determined the risk of frostbite within 5 and 2 months. The integral indicator of the cooling conditions of the body shows the risk to human health in terms of the permissible degree of cooling and the rate of normalization of the thermal state; equivalent effective temperature - about the risk of cooling with insufficient thermal protection of the body, which determines the period of health risk according to the criterion up to 11-10 months in every climate zone. Limitations. Assessment of the impact of weather factors shows the need to use bioclimatic indices that most fully reflect the negative impact of a cold environment; the definition of the adequacy of the habitat is determined not only by the risk of frostbite, but also by the discomfort of the environment, which requires the use of means of warming the body. Two-parameter indices do not take into account the role of air humidity. Conclusion. The definition of cold indices depends on the climatic zone. The integral indicator of body cooling conditions is more informative in relation to the wind-cold index, which is preferable in practical use. Equivalent effective temperature determines the risk of frostbite and cooling of the body. Its use in climatic zones with a predominance of low temperatures is of social and hygienic significance.
Comprehensive hygienic assessment of the environmental physical factors at the workplaces of medical workers
Authors: Nagornyak Alexey S. , Balandovich Boris A. , Potseluev Nikolay Yu. , Tulin Nikolay Yu. , Zhukova Olga V.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Occupational health of medical workers is an intensively studied field of hygienic science. This is due to the high incidence of medical workers, which exceeds the average for sectors of the economy. The presented study uses a risk-based approach for a comprehensive assessment of the influence of physical factors on medical workers working with a large number of electronic medical equipment: physiotherapists, clinical laboratory diagnostics doctors, and ultrasound diagnostics doctors. Materials and methods. Studies of adverse factors of working environment factors were carried out in 4 medical institutions of the Altai Territory and the Novosibirsk Region. Based on the obtained results the values of health risk were calculated and a class of working conditions was established for all the studied jobs. Results. At the first stage, a hygienic assessment of working conditions at the workplaces of medical workers was conducted. The largest number of jobs did not meet sanitary standards for the following indicators: air temperature of the working area (55.6% of all jobs), artificial light (84.5%), light pulsation coefficient (46.7%), concentration of aero ions of negative polarity (57,8%), the coefficient of unipolarity (80%). In addition, a class of working conditions was established at each of the studied jobs (obtained in the range from 2 to 3.4). The estimated health risk of workers from exposure to gamma radiation varied from negligible to moderate. Limitations. Exposures to many of the physical factors in the workplace are approximate based on a typical work day for an employee by department and profession. Conclusion. An assessment of the harmful effects of physical factors at various workplaces in medical institutions heterogeneous for their purpose revealed similar violations in terms of microclimate parameters, illumination, air ion composition and electromagnetic fields from computer monitors, which is consistent with data obtained by previous researchers in this area. It seems necessary to implement a system of preventive measures for employees in medical organizations based on the concept of professional risk analysis with a review of the results each year, taking into account the worked experience.
Features of students' life activity and well-being in the digital environment
Authors: Rapoport Irina Kalmanovna , Laponova Evgeniya D. , Gudinova Zhanna V. , Sokolova Natalia V. , Tikashkina Olga V. , Vaskovskaya Yulia S.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The well-being of students with mixed form of education - full-time and distance learning, which entered the educational process of most universities in the spring of 2021, have not been sufficiently studied. The aim is to study the life activity and well-being of students various universities in a digital environment with a mixed form of education. Materials and methods. During March 2021, an anonymous online survey was conducted of 126 students of Sechenov University (SU), 282 students of Omsk State Medical University and 410 students of Voronezh State Pedagogical University. Most of the students at universities were girls. The questions were closed-ended with formalized answers and were aimed at identifying the peculiarities of students' life and complaints about their health. Results. A comparison of the answers concerning the students' life activity did not reveal significant differences in the prevalence of the studied factors in the three universities. 46.03-54.61% of students sleep less than the required norm on weekdays; 52.48-58.73% of students use gadgets 6-7 hours a day or longer. The experience of distance learning has shown that 62.70-74.39% of students consider video lectures a convenient form of learning. The higher prevalence of complaints among SU students, compared with the other two universities, suggested a higher incidence of neurotic reactions of asthenic type, headache syndrome, obsessive-phobic syndrome, gastrointestinal dysfunction in SU students. Limitations. This study did not aim to analyze all the features of the life of modern students in the digital environment, only indicators that could be associated with the transition to a blended form of education in medical and pedagogical universities were considered.The conducted anonymous online survey of 818 students of various universities studying in a mixed form represents a sufficient reference sample to achieve the goal of the study. Conclusions. Digitalization of higher education should be aimed at improving the management of the educational process, reducing transfers in medical universities, switching to video lectures and well-systematized and easy-to-use educational content while maintaining practical classes. Education of high school and university students in mental health is necessary, especially in the digital environment.
Flour enrichment and iron-deficiency anemia in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Kochkorova Feruza A. , Toygombaeva Vera S. , Esenamanova Marina K. , Kasymov Omor T. , Kaliev Marat T.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Poor nutrition is the main cause of nutrition-associated diseases, including iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). An enrichment of basic foods is the one of the most effective preventive measures among the population, especially women and children. Materials and methods. A survey of 2,218 respondents was conducted to identify public awareness and consumption of enriched flour, of which 1,442 (65%) were women and 776 (35%) were men. The enrichment quality of 408 flour samples was determined according to GOST 26928-86. An epidemiological analysis of the long-term follow up on the prevalence and incidence rates was carried out for the period 2009-2019. Results. According to the results of the survey, 5.7% of respondents did not know what the term “enriched flour” means, 68.3% consider it “safe flour enriched with vitamins and minerals”. The media were the main sources of information on enriched flour. The majority (30.9%) of the respondents noted the improvement of physical and mental development among the beneficial properties of enriched flour. According to the results of the analysis, 77.4% of Orion brand flour were found to have an underestimated iron content compared with the requirements of the Technical Regulation of the Kyrgyz Republic “On the safety of fortified flour”, 54.8% of Rola flour, 44.7% of Aliya flour. A retrospective analysis of the long-term trend in IDA for the period from 2010 to 2018 revealed a significant decline in the trend by 44.8% (in 2010 - 2373.3 per 100 thousand people, in 2018 - 1311.0 per 100 thousand people) among adults and adolescents, and among children from 0 to 14 years of age by 18.4%. Limitations. The study has potential limitations due to the lack of a comparative analysis of the incidence of iron-deficiency anemia in the population using enriched flour and without, and that not all brands of flour produced domestically and imported were subjected to a full study. Conclusion. The enrichment of flour with micro-elements is one of the ways to provide functional nutrition. Flour fortification can contribute to strengthening the health of the nation by providing essential vitamins and minerals that are lacking in daily nutrition.
Risposta alle consultazioni EBA sul rischio di tasso di interesse del portafoglio bancario
Authors:   Università di Napoli Federico II, Curcio Domenico , Gianfrancesco Igor ,   Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro"
Published: April 2022

Il 2 dicembre 2021 sono stati pubblicati dall'EBA tre documenti di consultazione in tema di rischio di tasso di interesse del portafoglio bancario, in attuazione dei mandati contenuti nella CRD5. In particolare: - EBA/CP/2021/36 introduce Regulatory Technical Standards che riguardano l’implementazione del Supervisory Outlier Test (SOT) relativo sia all’approccio del valore economico che del margine di interesse; - EBA/CP/2021/37 aggiorna le linee guida EBA vigenti in materia di rischio di tasso di interesse del portafoglio bancario e introduce specifici criteri per la valutazione e il monitoraggio del Credit Spread Risk from the Banking Book (CSRBB); - EBA/CP/2021/38 introduce Regulatory Technical Standards che disciplinano nel dettaglio la metodologia standardizzata e la metodologia semplificata per gli enti non complessi relative sia all’approccio del valore economico che all’approccio del margine di interesse. AIFIRM ha deciso di rispondere alla consultazione EBA riaprendo i lavori della Commissione che aveva già predisposto a febbraio 2021 il Position Paper n. 25 denominato “Rischio di Tasso di Interesse del Portafoglio Bancario (IRRBB): evoluzione normativa ed implicazioni gestionali”. La Commissione ha redatto i tre documenti riportati di seguito che sono stati validati dal Consiglio e dal Comitato Tecnico Scientifico il 30 marzo 2022 ed inviati all’EBA il 2 aprile 2022.