bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Main results of the diamond, precious metal, and base metal mineral resource base reproduction using the declarative principle of licensing
Authors: ALEKSEEV YAROSLAV , POPOV Ivan
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of geological exploration for diamonds, precious metals, and base metals, conducted in the Russian Federation in consistence with licenses granted based on the declarative principle, beginning from the moment this mechanism was introduced. Key aspects of changes in the legislative regulation of this mechanism are represented. The information on the planned and factual financing of these works, on the number of the issued licenses, and on the respective increase in the resources and reserves of precious metals is provided. Specific (unit) indicators of the mineral reserve increase and of the respective costs were proposed, based on which the effectiveness of geological exploration was determined for projects performed in administrative subjects of the Russian Federation in consistence with the licenses granted by the declarative principle. Problems in implementation of the mechanism were identified. Recommendations for elimination of these problems are proposed.
Geological and geochemical specialization of ore-bearing formations
Authors: FILATOV Eugene , FILATOVA Ludmila
Published: September 2021

The geochemical and metallogenic specialization and zoning of structural-material complexes are analyzed. In the general systematic operational circuit of metallogenic forecasting and geological prospecting, processing the data on the geochemical specialization of geological formations and their constituents make it possible to perform a formational interpretation of anomalous geochemical fields revealed in the course of multipurpose geological and geochemical mapping; to subdivide the explored areas by the types of geological formations differing by their ore-bearing potential, with allocation of the most productive subformations, phases, and facies; and to provide quantitative estimates of the forecasted resources. Geochemical criteria of the ore-bearing potential of geological formations consist, first of all, in stable correlations between petrochemical features of ore-bearing rocks and their corresponding fluctuations of the ore composition (for example, the correlation of the potassium content of ore-hosting silicic volcanic rocks of the ore-bearing volcanogenic geological formations with the Cu/Pb ratio in ores of various types of deposits of the VMSD formational family). These criteria are to be taken into account in regional and local assessments of the perspective ore-bearing potential of geological formations.
Erguveem Ore Region in the eastern Chukotka Peninsula: An effect of the tectonics of the ore-bearing volcano-structures on composition of the gold-silver mineralization
Authors: GLUKHOV Anton , TIKHOMIROV Petr
Published: September 2021

The geological and structural position of the Pepenveem and Korrida Au-Ag ore occurrences situated in the East-Chukotka segment of the Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanogenic Belt (OCVB) was studied. The Pepenveem ore occurrence was characterized by one (volcanogenic) mineralization stage. It is localized within a graben-like monocline composed of Late Cretaceous volcanics. A relatively stable tectonic regime caused rather low temperature and pressure gradients during the ore formation and, consequently, simple mineral composition of the ores and absence of advanced argillic alteration. In contrast, the Korrida ore occurrence was characterized by two (volcanogenic and plutonogenic) mineralization stages. It is localized within a plutonogenic uplift complicated by a regional fault zone. Here, the basement of the volcano-structure, composed of island-arc volcano-sedimentary rocks, was uplifted to the surface by numerous high-angle faults. The here observed extensive development of zoned metasomatic haloes (including advanced argillic alterations), abundance of mineral species, and sharp temperature and pressure gradients could resulted from tectonic activity in a zone of interaction between the plutonic dome and deep-seated regional fault.
THEORY OF REBIRTH
Authors: Jadeja Arunaba
Published: September 2021

This short research paper discusses the theory of rebirth in relation to Shaivite yogini Lalleshwari, my research
subject. According to the folk memory, she had been born in the lower species, i.e. animals, in her previous births. In
her last birth, she was Lalleshwari who undertook the spiritual practice (yoga sadhana) which she learned from her
most revered Guru, Siddha Shrikanth, and attained liberation (moksh).
Design and Analysis of CMOS Full Adder
Authors: Shewale Saurabh J , Shirsath Sonal A
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a comparative study of Complementary MOSFET (CMOS) full adder circuits. Our approach is based on hybrid design full adder circuits combined in a single unit. Full adder circuit is an essential component for designing of various digital systems. It is used for different applications such as Digital signal processor, microcontroller, microprocessor and data processing units (DSP). In most of these systems the adder lies in the critical path that determines the overall speed of the system. Full adder is mainly used in VLSI devices like microprocessor for computational purposes. The proposed full adder cell has low power consumption, better area efficiency. Recently, there have been massive research interests in this area due to the growing need for low-power and high-performance computing systems. Our aim is to design and compare the full adder circuit in various technologies and compare their power capacity. By using the hybrid structure of NMOS and PMOS, we have implemented the circuit of full adder.
Assessment of the protective effect of green tea extract against ciprofloxacin-induced chondrotoxicity
in albino rats (histochemical, and immunohistochemical study)
Authors: Kamal Khaleel Ameera , Bin Shaari Ramizu , Awang Nawi Mohamad Arif , Mihsen Al-Yassiri Ali
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic which can cause a chondrotoxic effect in the growing condyle. Researchers found that green tea showed significant health benefits for a large number of disorders. The objective of the present research was to investigate the preventive potential of green tea extract against mandibular chondrotoxicity induced by ciprofloxacin in juvenile Wistar rats.

Material and methods

Twenty juvenile male rats were used and divided into four equal groups, the saline/water (S/W), saline/green tea (S/G), ciprofloxacin/water (C/W) and ciprofloxacin/green tea (C/G) treated groups. On day 32 of age, all the animals in C/W and C/G treated groups were subcutaneously injected with ciprofloxacin as two subcutaneous injections of 600 mg/kg of body weight, eight hours apart, while the S/W and S/G groups were subcutaneously injected with saline. The S/G and C/G groups were intragastrically gavaged by green tea extract in an oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day, 8 days before the subcutaneous injection of saline or ciprofloxacin. On day 34, all the animals were anaesthetized, and the mandibular condyle samples were taken immediately and processed.

Results

In comparison with the C/W treated group, the C/G treated group showed a significant increase in the thickness of the mandibular condylar cartilage, cartilage cell number, glycosaminoglycan content, and Bcl-2 immune expression (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

This study provides the first evidence that green tea extract can significantly decrease the chondrotoxic effects of ciprofloxacin in a rat mandibular condyle cartilage model.
The association between BIS/BAS and fear
of COVID-19 infection among women
Authors: Oniszczenko Włodzimierz
Published: September 2021

Introduction

The main goal of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate, in women, the association between the behavioural inhibition system/behavioural activation system (BIS/BAS) and fear of COVID-19-related self-infection and infection of loved ones (family members, friends, relatives). Several studies have indicated that the psychological consequences of COVID-19 are serious especially among women. On the other hand, little is known about the role of the BIS and BAS in shaping responses and behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. The article deals with this issue.

Material and methods

The sample consisted of 415 women between the ages of 18 and 67. A numerical rating scale comprising 11 degrees of fear was used to assess participants’ COVID-19-related fear, and the BIS and BAS were evaluated using Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales.

Results

A small positive correlation was observed between the BIS and participants’ COVID-19-related fear of loved ones’ infection. The BIS explained two percent of the COVID-19-related fear of loved ones’ infection dimension.

Conclusions

The BIS weakly, but significantly correlated with women's fear of their loved ones being infected by COVID-19. This study highlights the possible role of the BIS mechanism in women's response to COVID-19-related fear, but only when the threat affects loved ones. Comparative studies between men and women are necessary.
The effectiveness of image-guided percutaneous catheter drainage in the management of acute pancreatitis-associated pancreatic collections
Authors: Ganaie Kifayat H. , Choh Naseer A. , Parry Arshed H. , Shaheen Feroze A. , Robbani Irfan , Gojwari Tariq A. , Singh Manjeet , Shah Omar J.
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is commonly complicated by the development of pancreatic collections (PCs). Symptomatic PCs warrant drainage, and the available options include percutaneous, endoscopic, and open surgical approaches. The study aimed to assess the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of image guided percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) in the management of acute pancreatitis related PCs.

Material and methods

This was a single-centre prospective study covering a 4-year study period. Acute pancreatitis-related PCs complicated by secondary infection or those producing symptoms due to pressure effect on surrounding structures were enrolled and underwent ultrasound or computed tomography (CT)-guided PCD. The patients were followed to assess the success of PCD (defined as clinical, radiological improvement, and the avoidance of surgery) and any PCD-related complications.

Results

The study included 60 patients (60% males) with a mean age of 43.1 ± 21.2 years. PCD recorded a success rate of 80% (16/20) for acute peripancreatic fluid collections (APFC) and pancreatic pseudocysts (PPs), 75% (12/16) for walled-off necrosis (WON), and 50% (12/24) for acute necrotic collections (ANCs). Post-PCD surgery (necrosectomy ± distal pancreatectomy) was needed in 50% of ANC and 25% of WON. Only 20% of APFCs/PPs patients required surgical/endoscopic treatment post-PCD. Minor procedure-related complications were seen in 4 (6.6%) patients.

Conclusions

PCD is an effective, safe, and minimally invasive therapeutic modality with a good success rate in the management of infected/symptomatic PCs.
Multimodality imaging of greater trochanter lesions
Authors: Thaker Siddharth , Gupta Harun , Azzopardi Christine , Sanghavi Parang , Davies Mark , James Steven , Botchu Rajesh
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Greater trochanter (GT) lesions are relatively uncommon. They can be traumatic, infective including tuberculosis, inflammatory, and neoplastic (primary and metastatic osseous lesions). Although imaging of greater trochanter lesions remains essential for differential diagnoses, an image-guided biopsy is a mainstay for diagnosis and to guide subsequent management.

Material and methods

A retrospective search for the word ‘greater trochanter’ was performed of a computerised radiology information system (CRIS) of a tertiary referral centre for orthopaedic oncology over a period of 12 years (2007-2019). This revealed 6019 reports with 101 neoplasms. The imaging, histology, and demography were reviewed by a dedicated musculoskeletal radiologist.

Results

We identified 101 GT neoplasms with a mean age of 51.5 years (range 6 to 85 years) and a slight female predominance of 1.2 : 1 (46 males and 55 females). Using 30 years of age as a cut-off, we further segregated the patient cohort into 2 groups: 26 (25.74%) lesions in patients less than 30 years age and the remaining 75 (74.26%) lesions in patients over 30 years old. Chondroblastoma was the most common neoplasm in patients below 30 years of age, and metastases were the most common neoplasms in patients over 30 years of age.

Conclusions

Greater trochanter pathologies show a broad spectrum of aetiologies. Imaging including radiographs, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine scans help to narrow down the differen­tials diagnosis.
The role of diffusion tensor imaging of the liver in children with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Khalek Abdel Razek Ahmed Abdel , Abdalla Ahmed , Megahed Ahmed , Elsayed Ahmed Mohamed , ElMabood Suzy Abd , Abdel Wahab Rihame
Published: September 2021

Introduction

To evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the liver in children with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Material and methods

A prospective study was done on 42 children with AIH (30 girls and 12 boys, with a mean age of 13 years) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control children. They underwent DTI of the liver and laboratory tests. Liver biopsy was done for the patients. The mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the liver were calculated and correlated with the pathological results.

Results

The mean MD and FA of the liver in children with AIH were 1.42 ± 0.06 × 10-3 mm²/s and 0.37 ± 0.11; and in the control children they were 1.55 ± 0.07 × 10-3 mm²/s and 0.25 ± 0.03, respectively. The MD and FA were significantly different in the children with AIH compared to the control children (p = 0.001). The cutoff MD and FA used to differentiate patients from controls were 1.50 × 10-3 mm²/s, 0.31 with AUC of 0.919 and 0.813, sensitivity of 97.6% and 66.7%, a specificity of 80% and 70%, an accuracy of 94.2% and 67.3%, PPV of 95.3 and 90.3, and NPV of 88.9 and 33.3, respectively. There was significantly lower MD and higher FA of the liver in children with AIH type I (n = 31) than type II (n = 11) (p = 0.001), and patients with (n = 9) and without (n = 33) overlap syndrome (p = 0.005).

Conclusions

We concluded that DTI parameters can help to diagnose AIH, detect its phenotyping, and give clues as to the presence of associated overlap syndrome.
The role of chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating osteoporotic benign and malignant vertebral marrow lesions
Authors: S. Wadhawan Brahmdeep , Kaur Ravinder , Kaur Veerinder , Jirankali Vivek , Singh Navjot , Jindal Rohit
Published: September 2021

Introduction

To evaluate the usefulness of chemical shift imaging (CSI) in differentiating benign osteoporotic and malignant vertebral marrow lesions.

Material and methods

Patients undergoing spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for back pain, which showed altered marrow signal intensity on conventional MRI sequences, were included in the study. Patients with acute traumatic vertebral fractures, infective spondylodiscitis, paravertebral collections, etc. were excluded. The patients underwent CSI. In-phase and opposed-phase images were taken to calculate the signal intensity ratio (SIR) of the abnormal vertebra. The SIR of the mean signal intensity measured on opposed-phase to mean signal intensity measured on in-phase images was measured and recorded.

Results

The studied population included 30 patients, in whom 58 vertebrae were accessed, which included 38 dorsal, 18 lumbar, 1 sacral, and 1 cervical. Out of 58 vertebrae, 46 (79%) were malignant and 12 (20%) were benign. The mean CSI/SIR of malignant lesions was 0.96 and the mean SIR of benign lesions was 0.76.

Conclusions

Conventional MRI sequences cannot always differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. So newer
sequences like CSI have been developed. CSI SIR can be used as a new tool in differentiating benign osteoporotic and malignant vertebral marrow lesions.
Model-based iterative reconstruction in paediatric head computed tomography: a pilot study on dose reduction in children
Authors: K. Atri Pardeep , S. Sodhi Kushaljit , Bhatia Anmol , K. Saxena Akshay , Khandelwal Niranjan , Singhi Pratibha
Published: September 2021

Introduction

To evaluate the potential of model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) on dose reduction and image quality in children undergoing computed tomography (CT) head examinations.

Material and methods

This prospective study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. A total of 88 children (age range of 5 to 16 years) with a history of seizures underwent contrast-enhanced CT scan. Forty-one children underwent CT study according to the MBIR technique, while 47 children underwent CT of the head with the non-MBIR protocol. Images were reviewed by 2 blinded paediatric radiologists in a random order. Mean dose-length product, CT dose index (CTDI) volume, and mean effective dose were recorded for both groups. Image quality, image noise, and diagnostic acceptability of 2 image sets were also recorded.

Results

In the MBIR group, the mean dose-length product was reduced by 79.8%; the mean CTDI volume was reduced by 88.5%, while the mean effective dose was reduced by 81% when compared to the non-MBIR group.
No significant difference was seen in diagnostic acceptability, image noise, and image quality between the 2 groups.

Conclusions

MBIR technique is highly effective in reducing radiation dose in paediatric head CT examinations without any significant difference in image quality, image noise, and diagnostic acceptability.
PRIMEIRO TRANSPLANTE RENAL REALIZADO NO SUDOESTE BAIANO: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Nolasco Thamirys Freitas
Published: September 2021

Introdução: O transplante é um tratamento de grande valia para pacientes portadores da doença renal crônica, que é pontuada como a perda gradual e irreversível da função renal, tornando o paciente dependente da terapia renal substitutiva até que seja realizado o transplante renal, objetivando melhorar a sua qualidade de vida. Objetivos: Apresentar a experiência e as atividades vividas durante a recepção do paciente no pós-operatório imediato numa unidade de terapia intensiva. Material e métodos: Utilizou-se a técnica de observação estruturada, a criação de um diário de anotações, consultas ao prontuário, além da prestação direta de cuidados e assistência ao paciente. Resultados: O transplante renal é uma terapia que busca proporcionar o retorno gradual dos pacientes às suas atividades cotidianas, e considerando a progressão dessa enfermidade fica visível o valor desse tratamento para o paciente, bem como para equipe que participa de todo processo. O acompanhamento do paciente no pós-transplante se deu da melhor forma possível, por se tratar do primeiro transplante renal realizado no sudoeste baiano, uma equipe montada apenas para recepciona-lo estava a postos para prestar todos os cuidados necessários para sua recuperação e manutenção das suas funções vitais na manutenção do enxerto. Já nas primeiras horas o paciente já apresentava diurese com um débito satisfatório. Foi emocionante poder estar presente e acompanhar a felicidade que irradiava do paciente. Seus dias de internação seguiram o protocolo criado pela equipe e foram programadas terapias dialíticas de resgate no intuito de auxiliar na sua recuperação. Após quinze dias de internação e com a sua completa recuperação o paciente recebeu alta hospitalar e continua a ser acompanhado pela equipe no pós-transplante. Conclusão: A experiência foi significativa, pois trouxe outro olhar para a assistência de enfermagem na terapia intensiva, por se tratar do primeiro paciente de transplante renal, se tornou um marco importante para a região, e poder participar desse momento traz reconhecimento da importância do profissional de enfermagem no cuidado e na prestação da assistência a esses pacientes.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA QUALIFICAÇÃO DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM NO TRATAMENTO DE LESÕES DE PELE: REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Dias Lorrany Alves , Batello Guiomar Virgínia Vilela Assunção De Toledo , Jamas Milena Temer
Published: September 2021

Introdução: ferida é considerada qualquer interrupção na continuidade da pele que afete a sua integridade, vista como um problema de saúde pública que atinge a população de modo geral, sem distinção de idade, raça ou etnia. A ferida pode ser superficial ou profunda, fechada ou aberta, aguda ou crônica. O tratamento de lesões de pele exige a qualificação dos profissionais de saúde que o realiza, pois por meio do tratamento adequado ocorrerá a evolução, sendo primordial a satisfação do cliente. Objetivo: destacar a importância da capacitação da equipe de enfermagem frente ao tratamento de lesões de pele. Materiais e Método: trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura com base nas referências indexadas nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino- Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, nas coleções Scientific Electronic Library Online e Biblioteca Regional de Medicina. Resultados: as amostras pesquisadas cita diretamente como é imprescindível que a equipe de enfermagem se encontre capacitada para realizar o cuidado de forma holística, humanizada e eficiente. Para esse fim, além do conhecimento técnico-científico, é necessário que haja cursos de aperfeiçoamentos bem como capacitação permanente dos profissionais de enfermagem; também de intervenção educativa junto à população, visto que a Promoção da Saúde apresenta um sentido mais amplo e tem o propósito de aumentar a saúde e o bem-estar geral. Conclusão: o estudo possibilitou melhor compreensão das condições vivenciadas pelos enfermeiros, apontando suas potencialidades, dificuldades e limitações. Os profissionais necessitam de um protocolo norteador para a execução dos curativos, proporcionando resolutividade. Porém, a ausência dessa ferramenta não impede que o profissional exerça uma boa assistência.
ANÁLISE DAS INTERNAÇÕES HOSPITALARES POR SEPTICEMIA EM BRASÍLIA NO ANO DE 2020
Authors: Castro Aline Souza de , Miranda Cecília Mendonça , Júnior Célio Pereira De Sousa , Mota Gabriel Carneiro Santana Da
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A septicemia é uma emergência médica complexa ocasionada pela resposta imunológica sistêmica do corpo humano a processos infecciosos e é uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade em pacientes criticamente enfermos. Nesse sentido, o conhecimento epidemiológico acerca das hospitalizações por Sepse na capital brasileira é de especial importância. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil epidemiológico das internações por Septicemia em Brasília, Distrito Federal, no ano de 2020. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado por meio do levantamento de dados secundários obtidos no Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Sistema único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) referentes aos registros de internações com diagnóstico de Sepse nos hospitais de Brasília, Distrito Federal, no ano de 2020. As variáveis investigadas foram: número de internações, caráter do atendimento, taxa de mortalidade, sexo, idade e raça dos pacientes. Os dados obtidos foram sistematizados, organizados em tabelas e submetidos à estatística descritiva simples. Resultados: Observou-se que, durante o período, hospitalizaram-se 1.544 pessoas com diagnóstico de Septicemia em Brasília. A quase totalidade dos casos (97,6%, n:1507 ) foram registrados como caráter de urgência. Durante o período, registrou-se 405 óbitos, correspondendo a 26,2% dos casos, e a taxa de mortalidade média no ano pela síndrome clínica foi de 26,23%. Em relação aos enfermos, houve pouca diferença em relação ao sexo: masculino (52,4%, n:809) e feminino (47,6%, n:735). Destes, a maioria corresponde a faixa etária de idosos com mais de 60 anos de idade (55,5%, n:857). Conclusão: Conclui-se que Brasília apresentou elevada incidência de internações hospitalares por Septicemia e alta taxa de mortalidade, revelando que essa condição clínica representa importante problema de saúde pública na região. Dessa forma, a implementação de ações de controle e um diagnóstico rápido são cruciais para o tratamento da sepse, já que a adoção de uma terapia antecipada reduz a mortalidade e a complicações advindas dessa síndroma clínica.
Carnal Compassion
Authors: Ruys Juanita Feros
Published: September 2021

Abelard addresses the cognitive-affective concept of empathy (compassio)
across a range of his writings. He questions its ethics in his philosophical
writings, taking his lead from Seneca’s De clementia in viewing empathy as
a femininized emotional response lacking in judgment. This Stoic-inspired
understanding of empathy becomes more personal in his first-person life
writing, the Historia calamitatum, where Abelard explores the negative
impact of empathy on his own life as both feeling subject and recipient.
Then in seeking to displace himself as the subject of Heloise’s sympathetic
identification of suffering in favor of Christ and his Passio, Abelard conceptualizes
the redemptive love of Christ that will infuse his theological
writings, leading to a rejection of the ransom theory of the Crucifixion
and presaging the affective piety of the later Middle Ages.
Authority and Innovation in Bernard of Clairvaux ’s De gratia et libero arbitrio
Authors: Colish Marcia L.
Published: September 2021

Twelfth-century scholastics are renowned for their willingness to reassess
and to criticize patristic authorities, with monastic authors typically
understood as far more conservative in this regard. Bernard’s treatise
revises that view. It reflects Bernard’s willingness to depart sharply from
the late Augustine on grace and free will and to invoke a patristic-age
monastic authority, John Cassian, in so doing. Bernard’s own position,
accenting the liberty of our postlapsarian free will and its full collaboration
with divine grace, displays both his uses of, and departures from, these
two authorities.
Dirty Laundry
Authors: Bollermann Karen , Nederman Cary J.
Published: September 2021

The study of the events surrounding the murder of Archbishop Thomas
Becket at the side altar of Canterbury Cathedral in December 1170 has
focused primarily on the significance of the assassination itself as confirmation
of his saintliness. As the body was finally being prepared for burial,
the surprising discovery was made that underneath his stately vestments,
Becket wore (and had long worn) a hairshirt, crawling with lice, maggots,
and other vermin. All lingering suspicions that Becket’s ‘conversion’ from
worldly courtier to spiritual archbishop had been a pretense, a fabrication
designed to bolster his claim to authority against King Henry II, fell away.
It was the hairshirt, and not the murder, that made the martyr.
Significatio and Senefiance, or Relics in Thomas Aquinas and Jean de Meun
Authors: Richards Earl Jeffrey
Published: September 2021

This chapter asks whether Jean de Meun’s references in the Roman de
la Rose to relics as a euphemism for genitals actually allude to a much
larger debate in Paris between 1250 and 1280 about significatio in general,
and about the religious and political significance of relics in particular,
a debate in which Thomas Aquinas played an important role. Scholars
have noted the influence of Ovid and Alain de Lille upon the Roman de la
Rose, but have not tended to consider Jean de Meun’s scholastic sources,
particularly his deployment of the theology of Thomas Aquinas.
Utrum sapienti competat prolem habere?
Authors: Piron Sylvain
Published: September 2021

This chapter considers fourteenth-century Italian debates about the costs
of marriage to the work of a philosopher. Following Heloise’s famous
injunction against the idea of marriage to Abelard, when she railed against
the impact it would have upon his work, this chapter investigates how the
terms of this conversation were transformed by the insights of lay intellectuals
of cities like Arezzo, Bologna, and Florence, who were grappling
with the implications of fatherhood as part of the economic unit of the
household, and its role in the political life of the city.
The Invention of the French Royal Mistress
Authors: Adams Tracy
Published: September 2021

This chapter considers how classical ideas were transformed in the service
of legitimizing the mistress as a woman of authority. In particular, it
explores how the mythological figure of Diana was used in tableaux
and pageants to represent the mistress, and to authorize her location in
the court. The emergence of a mythological imaginary over the course
of the sixteenth century in France, which to some degree replaced the
identification of the royal family with the Holy Family, made space for
different types of authority, as well as valourizing carnality.
Epilogue
Authors: Howard Peter
Published: September 2021

The epilogue offers an account of Constant J. Mews’ contribution to
Monash University, as a teacher, researcher and colleague.
Introduction
Authors: Monagle Clare
Published: September 2021

This chapter articulates a number of key contributions made by Constant
J. Mews to the field of Medieval Studies over the course of his career. In
particular, it focuses upon his expertise in Abelard and Heloise, his insights
into musicology and musical communities, and his groundbreaking work
in the study of women intellectuals in the Middle Ages. All of his scholarly
work, the chapter argues, should be understood in the frame of his devotion
to the communities of learning, both of the past and in the present.
Why highways remake hierarchies
Authors: Heslop Luke , Murton Galen
Published: September 2021

This chapter lays out the volume’s documentation of many of the uneven
– and unexpected – experiences of mobility transformation as it unfolds
as a developmental imperative across vast and complex landscapes of
South Asia. Whether journeys become shorter, faster, more treacherous,
cheaper, or more costly, questions about ownership, management, access
to ‘public goods’, responsibility, and other critical concerns consistently
take new shape when expressed through the coming of a new road or
transportation network. We posit that roads are fragile political achievements.
In response to the sweeping state promises about new mobilities
and modernization that highways are purported to deliver, the stories
comprising this volume, and outlined in this chapter, speak from other
perspectives, such as how political opportunity is routinely met with a
measure of public scepticism and at times efficacious protest.
Encountering Chinese development in the Maldives
Authors: Heslop Luke , Jeffery Laura
Published: September 2021

This chapter examines the longest and most developed road in the
Maldives archipelago, a fifteen-kilometre-long link road connecting
four islands of the Laamu (or Haddummati) Atoll. In the planning phase,
there were tensions between those who argued that the road should
connect houses to the school and the mosque and those who argued
that the road should connect the harbour to the market. Such appeals,
bifurcated along gender lines, reflect local mobility concerns and were tied
to existing political rifts between the four islands that were intensified by
the appearance of a new infrastructural asset. The built road facilitates a
multitude of local encounters as people travel further and more regularly,
but it is also through the road that islanders encounter the global forces
of capital and construction that shape their islands. The Laamu link road
was a ‘gift’ from the Chinese government, constructed by the Jiangsu
Transportation Engineering Group (JTEG), and amidst local mobility
concerns and inter-island politics swirl rumours and hearsay of land grabs
and international power struggles between China, India, the US, and
Saudi Arabia. This chapter, as well as being an ethnographic exposition
of Chinese infrastructure development in a South Asian archipelago,
explores the road as a social experience as it crosscuts competing visions
of modernity, global connectivity, and anxiety about material change on
remote coral atolls in the Indian Ocean.
Roads and the politics of thought
Authors: Rankin Katharine , Simpson Edward
Published: September 2021

The chapter presents the politics of thought as an analytical terrain
through which to broach the themes at the heart of this volume: the
inadvertent role of roads in reproducing and generating hierarchy, class
inequality, and social disruption. In bringing together two major research
projects led by the authors, we illustrate how roads have been engaged
through critical social sciences as an epistemological as well as a material
vector of change. By outlining methodological and conceptual approaches
to large road and infrastructure projects in South Asia, we show how ideas
build roads. The chapter draws attention to frequently overlooked aspects
of road construction – such as how future environmental impacts are
routinely ignored in the political processes and construction practices
that constitute the making of roads.
Resetting the Binary Bones
Authors: Rich Sara A.
Published: September 2021

Early Modern shipwrecks may seem unrelated to contemporary ecocide,
but prior to wreckage, they were the mechanisms of European colonialism
that portended industrialization and neoliberalism. But now, being broken,
and having broken free from their utilitarian, sociocultural functions,
wrecked ships open insights into the false nature/culture dichotomy in
relation to common ideas of heritage generally and ruins particularly. In
so doing, preservationist agendas for underwater cultural heritage are
exposed as a continuation of the same anthropocentric logic underlying
quests for utopia and immortality that first sent colonizing crusaders
across the Atlantic in 1492. The ontological particulars of the eighteenthcentury
Nissia shipwreck, an Ottoman armed merchantman off the coast
of Cyprus, exemplify why arbitrary conceptual borderlines are better left
in dissolution.
Broken Ship, Dead Ship
Authors: Rich Sara A.
Published: September 2021

While we think of ships as transporters and connectors, once they break,
they become forgotten rejectamenta, removed from the human-social
sphere. And yet archaeologists go to great lengths to reinstate their ‘authentic’
sociocultural statuses. This chapter identifies the longstanding
metaphorical connections between ships and bodies and the religious associations
of bodily failure and fragmentation as the driving forces behind
archaeological resurrection. Because the Western academic tradition
has developed alongside Early Modern Christian theology, and because
archaeology developed out of its defense, there appear to be latent theological
motivations behind the ways that nautical archaeologists approach
wreckage, especially when located underwater. The sixteenth-century
Yarmouth Roads Protected Wreck, of presumed Spanish origin located
in English waters, helps flesh out arguments against exhumation.
Macabre Simulacra
Authors: Rich Sara A.
Published: September 2021

The maritime legacy is the human legacy; it is colonization, war, globalization,
climate change, and it is coping with all these things. Yet the void
between humans and their watery world remains. Attempting to fill this
void, the savior-scholar model has shifted from physical to virtual resurrection.
3D digital shipwreck reconstructions have become the default
mechanism for scientists to engage the public with maritime heritage,
marketing VR tours with claims to ‘bring history alive’. This chapter
first examines the spectator : spectacle paradigm as a byproduct of the
savior-scholar model. Recounting the Bayonnaise, wrecked in 1803 off the
coast of Finisterre, Spain, it then offers the lasting experience of wonder
as substitute for the fleeting commodity of virtual shipwreck exploration.
Postface. On Underwater Séances and Punk Eulogies
Authors: Rich Sara A.
Published: September 2021

The postface to the book’s five chapters provides a summary of the
overarching argument, which is that nautical archaeology bears with its
contemporary practice its Early Modern origins in Christian theology.
The resurrection—or savior-scholar—model of nautical archaeology is
revisited and critiqued for its tendencies toward paternalism and interventionism,
features that appear to replicate key theological tenets emphasizing
an existential and ontological hierarchy, with humans occupying
the pinnacle. In contrast, the postface conjures Spinoza and Feuerbach
in a séance to offer an archaeology of shipwrecks whose comparatively
anarchic method relies on insurrection rather than resurrection.
Preface: Hauntographies of Ordinary Shipwrecks
Authors: Rich Sara A.
Published: September 2021

To preface the five chapters and postface to come, the role of shipwrecks
in the modern imaginary is explored before examining the common
ground between art and archaeology. The term hauntography is defined
as a creative process that combines the methods of Bogost’s alien phenomenology—
ontography, metaphorism, and carpentry—to attempt
comprehension and communication of an object that is absent and
present, bygone and enduring. To encounter a shipwreck underwater is
a brush with the uncanny, the eerie, and the weird, but also the sublime
and wondrous. Hauntography works to edge closer toward an ontological
recognition of an inscrutable entity. Beginning with a personal apologia of
sorts, the preface concludes by summarizing the arguments and evidence
to follow.
An Artificial Intelligence URL Parser for Safer Web Browsing and Detection of Suspicious Links
Authors: Jin James , S Gayatri , Sun Yu
Published: September 2021

With more than seven billion people actively using the Internet, the number of cyber attacks has increased, and personal data breaches have become a concern among the general public. The COVID-19 pandemic has only increased the use of online platforms and services for work and leisure activities, which opens the door to more scams, viruses, and other cyber security breaches. Guided by SEO techniques and research regarding dangerous website and domain patterns, we have designed and implemented a visual system that tracks suspicious links on an active webpage and marks them in order to alert users to proceed with caution. Our AI utilizes linear regression to best detect trends in URL parsing, comparing them with registered unsafe links to see if they pose similar threats. The results reveal that AI isn’t entirely accurate since some trends are hard to decipher; however, it can reliably flag certain redirects and out-of-domain links that would otherwise remain hidden to users.
Procrash: A Solution To Procrastination by Limiting Online Distractions using Optical Character Recognition
Authors: Zhu Amanda , Yin Baoyu , Sun Yu
Published: September 2021

For this project, I decided to relieve the tension of procrastination that commonly happens in students and adults. To find a solution to this, I created a program that uses Google Cloud Vision API (Optical Character Recognition) to detect the distracting forms of media such as Twitter, YouTube, and Facebook, and counts the number of times the user visits these websites. After a certain number of visits, the program sends a notification to remind the user to stay focused. If the user ignores the notification message while staying on the unapproved website, the program forces the tab to close. This application was applied to a small user study where a qualitative evaluation of the approach was conducted. After collecting data for two weeks, it concluded that the program was able to effectively reduce and limit the uses of online distractions, allowing the user to manage their time more efficiently by staying off websites they should not visit.
Web Scraper Utilizes Google Street View Images to Power a University Tour
Authors: Sun Peiyuan , Sun Yu
Published: September 2021

Due to the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, college tours are no longer available, so many students have lost the opportunity to see their dream school’s campus. To solve this problem, we developed a product called “Virtourgo,” a university virtual tour website that uses Google Street View images gathered from a web scraper allowing students to see what college campuses are like even when tours are unavailable during the pandemic. The project consists of 3/4 parts: the web scraper script, the GitHub server, the Google Domains DNS Server, and the HTML files. Some challenges we met include scraping repeated pictures and letting the HTML dropdown menu jump to the correct location. We solved these by implementing Python and Javascript functions that specifically target such challenges. Finally, after experimenting with all the functions of the web scraper and website, we confirmed that it works as expected and can scrape and deliver tours of any university campus or public buildings we want.
Implementation of Decision Support Personnel Recruitment System for Laguna State Polytechnic University-San Pablo City Campus
Authors: A. Erlano-De Torres Joanna
Published: September 2021

The Laguna State Polytechnic University-San Pablo City Campus viewed the hiring of possible employees as a major problem in the university because it takes time for the human resource department to facilitate the process of recruitment. The main objective of the study is to implement a web-based decision support personnel recruitment system that can screen qualified applicants, assist the human resource personnel in ranking the applicants and generate reports. The system was developed using PHP, CSS, Java Script and XHTML as programming platform and MySQL as database engine. The system design, testing and evaluation procedures were presented. Test results show that the project is secured and can be best viewed in Google Chrome, IE7+, Mozilla Firefox and Opera Mini using personal computer, laptop, tablet and mobile phone. Two questionnaires were distributed - ISO 9126 Software Quality Matrix and acceptability survey to determine whether the implementation was successful. Based from the results of evaluation conducted, the project was rated as excellent with an overall mean of 4.52. The users also agreed that the system was acceptable in terms of interface, operability, security and portability. It was recommended that the system should allow multiple applications for different job vacancies and the ranking of applicants with the same points should be tie regardless of who submitted the application first.
Modelling, Conception and Simulation of a Digital Watermarking System based on Hyperbolic Geometry
Authors: Cheick Yacouba Rachid Coulibaly , B. Telesphore Tiendrebeogo
Published: September 2021

The digital revolution has increased the production and exchange of high-value documents between institutions, businesses and the general public. In order to secure these exchanges, it is essential to guarantee the authenticity, integrity and ownership of these documents. Digital watermarking is a possible solution to this challenge as it has already been used for copyright protection, source tracking and video authentication. It also provides integrity protection, which is useful for many types of documents (official documents, medical images). In this paper, we propose a new watermarking solution applicable to images and based on the hyperbolic geometry. Our new solution is based on existing work in the field of digital watermarking
Accessing Minnesota School Administrators’ Knowledge and Perceptions Related to Sharing School Play Spaces after the Passage of Minnesota Shared Use Legislation
Authors: Spengler John , Stasi Selina
Published: September 2021

Lower levels of physical activity among children in the United States can be attributed in part to the lack of access to safe, low-cost recreational facilities. Shared use, or a partnership allowing the community to use school recreational facilities outside of normal hours, has received increased attention. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the extent of knowledge among school decision makers about a law passed clarifying liability for school shared use in Minnesota and to understand perceptions held by school decision makers regarding shared use of recreational facilities. Design, Setting, and Participants: A survey of Minnesota school superintendents and other decision makers (N = 182) was conducted to understand the issues relevant to sharing school recreational facilities with the public. Results: The majority (90%) of respondents indicated concern about liability for injury on school property outside of normal hours, and that insurance and contracts provided the most protection from liability. Most respondents indicated they were not familiar with the Minnesota shared use legislation and its provisions (61.36%, n = 108). Conclusions: Findings suggest the importance of education and training to further school superintendents’ knowledge of Minnesota shared use legislation, legal and policy issues relevant to shared use, and issues related to the implementation of shared use within their Districts.
Baseline Assessment of Children’s Meals and Healthy Beverage Options Prior to a State-Level Healthy Default Beverage (HDB) Law
Authors: McGurk Meghan , Cacal Stephanie , Vu Uyen , Sentell Tetine , Beckelman Toby , Lee Jessica , Yang Alyssa , Pirkle Catherine
Published: September 2021

In January 2020, Hawai‘i became the second state with a healthy default beverage (HDB) law, requiring restaurants to offer HDBs with their children’s meals. This observational study presents baseline characteristics of restaurants with a children’s menu and meal, and describes pre-law beverage options to inform future HDB policy language, implementation, and evaluation. Between November and December 2019, data were collected from a statewide sample of unique restaurants (n=383) with health inspection permits. Restaurants were assessed separately for a children’s menu and meal using website reviews, telephone calls, and in-person visits. Meals were evaluated in February 2020 for pre-law beverage type and compliance. Logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of having a children’s menu and meal. Most of the restaurants were full-service (70.2%) and non-chains (67.9%). While 49.3% of restaurants had a children’s menu, only 16.7% had a meal. Significant predictors of having a children’s menu were being full-service (OR=2.09; p=0.004), national/international (OR=5.32; p<0.001) or local chains (OR=1.99; p=0.03), neighbor island (non-Honolulu) locations (OR=2.49; p<0.001), and hotel locations (OR=3.77; p<0.001). Only being a national/international chain significantly predicted having a children’s meal (OR=7.57; p<0.001). Although 35.9% of children’s meals offered a non-sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) option, only 3.1% offered law-compliant beverages. Inclusion of an SSB default option (60.9%) and not specifying the type of default beverage were the predominant factors for pre-law non-compliance. Results support the need for HDB regulations, especially for national/international chains, which were most likely to have children’s meals, and provide data to inform policies in other jurisdictions.
A Study on the Shutter Time of a Surveillance Camera to Improve Speed Detection Accuracy of Vehicles on Highways and Inner-City Streets
Authors:   Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Published: September 2021

Detection of vehicle speed based on image processing technology recently has been found in many applications over the world. However, the accuracy of those methods has not been investigated taking into account of physical characteristics of the surveillance camera. Based on the operation time of the camera's optical sensor system including shutter time (ST) and sensor operating time, the accuracy of vehicle speed detection on highways as well as inner city streets can be significantly improved. The operation time of the camera’s sensor is essential for determination of frames over time in a vehicle surveillance system. Therefore, control of the shutter time ST will help a camera-based speed detection system to achieve much better accuracy.