bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of Endogenous Lubrication during Cold Upsetting of Sintered Powder Metallurgical Components
Authors: Behrens Bernd-Arno , Brunotte Kai , Bohr Dieter
Published: April 2018

Lubrication is essential in metal forming processes. As an example, it has a significant effect on the extent of homogeneity of forming and the resulting component surface. Thus, an adequate lubrication technique is required for a consistent part quality. In this contribution a new lubrication approach for cold bulk metal forming is presented. By exploiting the process-related porosity of powder metallurgical (PM) components as a lubricant storage, the resulting pressure of a forming process forces the stored oil to leak out lubricating the process. As a result, advantages like a decrease of process time because of the omission of the additional lubrication step, and an increased deformability due to compensation of lubricating film break are expected. Besides that, the porosity of the PM component is reduced leading to improved mechanical properties. Experimental investigations with cylindrical PM components were carried out by compression tests in dependence of initial porosity, impregnation time and lubricant. It was found that the required maximum load is reduced by up to 39 % by applying the new lubrication method. In addition, relative densities up to 99 % are reached after deformation.
Novel Polishing Method of Cutting Edge Using AС Electric Field for Controlling Flank Wear
Authors: Tanaka Hiroshi , Kawase Yoshitugu , Akagami Yoichi
Published: April 2018

Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (cBN), a super-hard material used for hard turning, has good compatibility with steel. However, because chipping occurs from already existing defects and worn out cutting edges, a cBN insert must be exchanged within a short cycle time. By reducing chipping and flank wear, one can reduce the tool costs related to cutting processes and reduce the number of times the insert has to be exchanged, leading to improved productivity. In this study, the authors hypothesize that chipping and flank wear during cutting reduced by polishing a tool edge finely, uniformly, and smoothly before cutting. An apparatus capable of polishing and smoothing a cutting tool edge uniformly is developed. In the free-abrasive control method, application of an AC electric field during polishing is applied to suppress the scattering of abrasives from the tool cutting edge. Results show that scratches created by grinding are nonexistent. Moreover, a smooth cutting edge is obtained after polishing treatment. The wear width of the polished cBN tool under a cutting speed of 50 m/min is half of that of the non-polished treatment tool. Furthermore, no chipping occurs with the polished cBN tool under any conditions. Additionally, results show that the same effect is obtained even when Silicon carbide (SiC) abrasives are used. The n value calculated using the Taylor tool life equation is almost identical in cases of both diamond and SiC abrasives.
Tribological Effects in and by Metal Cutting
Authors: Segebade Eric , Schneider Johannes , Schulze Volker
Published: April 2018

In metal cutting, a severe thermo-mechanical load collective determines the friction and wear behavior at the tool-chip interface. The inaccessibility of this interface complicates studies and thus the understanding of tribological effects in metal cutting. During a tool’s lifetime, local friction conditions change drastically as coatings and tool geometry wear down. This paper shall provide a comprehensive overview of current methods to understand and describe friction conditions in metal cutting and how cutting induced surface layer states may influence the friction and wear behavior of the finished workpiece.
Shear-Clinching of Multi-Element Specimens of Aluminium Alloy and Ultra-High-Strength Steel
Authors: Han Daxin , Hörhold Réjane , Müller Martin , Wiesenmayer Sebastian , Merklein Marion , Meschut Gerson
Published: April 2018

The newly developed joining-by-forming technology “shear-clinching”, features a potentially single-stage process for joining UHSS without requiring any additional elements. Foundational studies have focused on the functionality of shear-clinching at a one-element sample. To ensure the safety of the industrial application of the shear-clinching technology, an investigation with component-like samples with several joints is required. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the material behaviour during the shear-clinching process with multi-element specimens to evaluate the influence of the neighbouring joints. In order to describe the influence of the neighbouring joints, the deformations resulting from the bending and material displacement are recorded without contact after the joining process: locally around the joining point and globally over the entire sample size. To minimize such bending effects, a tool-sided adaptation is provided. The results show the high potential of shear-clinching joining by UHSS and give further recommendations for future multi-material application.
Electromagnetic Joining of Thin Sheets by Adapted Pulses
Authors: Langstädtler Lasse , Herrmann Marius , Schenck Christian , Kuhfuss Bernd
Published: April 2018

In this research the electromagnetic hemming of aluminum sheets with different sheet thickness (s0 = 100 μm and s0 = 300 μm) in varied stacking sequence is investigated. Though, the research was focused on hemming of sheets with a total stacking height lower than the skin depth based on the hypothesis that a full diffusion of both sheets positively influences the process of joining by electromagnetic forming.
Collaborative postgraduate training in family medicine and primary care: Reflections on my visit to South Africa
Authors: Goodyear-Smith Felicity
Published: April 2018

This reflection describes my funded visit to South Africa to assist in primary care research capacity building as Chair, WONCA Working Party on Research (WP-R). The trip included time at the Universities of Walter Sisulu, Limpopo and Stellenbosch to mentor postgraduate students working on master’s and PhD theses. I held one-on-one and group sessions and ran interactive scientific writing workshops. I assisted with the establishment of a Stellenbosch University Family Physician Research Network of faculty academics and family physicians (FP) which will generate research questions from community stakeholders. I also ran a writing workshop at the Joint 5th WONCA Africa and 20th South African National Family Practitioners Conference in Pretoria attended by about 100 conference delegates, ranging from FP registrars to academics with PhDs and peer-reviewed publications. A WP-R panel presentation of international comparisons of primary care systems was also held at this conference, with the countries of Ghana, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia and Nigeria presented. During my stay, Ireflected on the differences between family medicine in South Africa and in my home country, New Zealand (NZ). In South Africa, there is high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis, seldom seen in NZ. Donor-funded vertical programmes cause significant fragmentation of care. Family doctors generally work in district hospitals, providing consultancy support to nurseled clinics. They have a laudable requirement to complete a Master’s in Medicine in conjunction with vocational training. Academic family medicine in South Africa is coming of age. I feel privileged to play a small part in its journey to maturity.
Effects of the aqueous extract from Abelmoschus esculentus L peel on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia induced by dexamethasone in rats
Authors: Dugani Aisha , Alkhetally Wesal , Elghedafi Elham , Alkayed Feras
Published: April 2018

Background: Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemias are common clinical problem among users of glucocorticoids (GCs). The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of oral administration of the aqueous extract of Abelmoschus esculentus peel (AEPE) on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia induced in rats by dexamethasone (DEXA). Methods: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. Each group was treated for 10 days either with 2% carboxymethylcellulose orally (normal control); 10 mg/kg DEXA subcutaneously (hyperglycemic group); 100 mg/kg AEPE orally plus 10 mg/kg DEXA subcutaneously (treatment group 1); or 200 mg/kg AEPE orally plus 10 mg/kg DEXA subcutaneously (treatment group 2). Animals were killed after 10 days of treatments by decapitation, their blood collected for the analysis of blood sugar and lipid profile. Results: Treatment with DEXA induced a significant increase in blood glucose and all lipids and a significant reduction in body weights. After 10 days of treatment, 100 mg/kg of AEPE was able to significantly reduce the effect of DEXA on triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) only. 200 mg/kg of AEPE was able to significantly reduce the effect of DEXA on blood glucose levels, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL. Both doses of AEPE were able to increase high-density lipoprotein. Conclusion: This study suggests that the AEPE could be beneficial in protecting against GC-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
On the local negativity of surfaces with numerically trivial canonical class
Authors: Laface Roberto , Pokora Piotr
Published: April 2018

In this note we study the local negativity for certain configurations of smooth rational curves in smooth surfaces with numerically trivial canonical class. We show that for such rational curves there is a bound for the so-called local Harbourne constants, which measure the local negativity phenomenon. Moreover, we provide explicit examples of interesting configurations of rational curves in some K3 and Enriques surfaces and compute their local Harbourne constants.
On the existence of covers of $\mathbb P_1$ associated to certain permutations
Authors: Corvaja Pietro , Zannier Umberto
Published: April 2018

In this short note we prove the impossibility of realizing finite topological covers of the Riemann sphere minus three points, associated to certain explicit combinatorial (permutation) data. This comes from a question of M. Zieve and falls in the framework of the so-called ‘‘Hurwitz problem’’, asking for a ‘‘simple’’ description of the combinatorial data which can be so realized.
Spectral gaps and non-Bragg resonances in a water channel
Authors: Chiadò Piat Valeria , Nazarov Sergei A. , Ruotsalainen Keijo M.
Published: April 2018

In this paper the essential spectrum of the linear problem of water-waves on a 3d-channel with gently periodic bottom will be studied. We show that under a certain geometric condition on the bottom profile the essential spectrum has spectral gaps. In classical analysis of waveguides it is known that the Bragg resonances at the edges of the Brillouin zones create band gaps in the spectrum. Here we demonstrate that the band gaps can be opened also in the frequency range far from the Bragg resonances. The position and the length of the gaps are found out by applying an asymptotic analysis to the model problem in the periodicity cell.
Project ECHO-Geriatrics: Training Future Primary Care Providers to Meet the Needs of Older Adults
Authors: Bennett Katherine A. , Ong Thuan , Verrall Aimee M. , Vitiello Michael V. , Marcum Zachary A. , Phelan Elizabeth A.
Published: April 2018

Background 

Geriatrics training is essential for future primary care providers. The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) model improves access to specialty care via case-based videoconferencing, but Project ECHO has not previously been designed to target residents.

Objective 

We designed Project ECHO-Geriatrics to deliver geriatrics education to primary care trainees using the ECHO model and evaluated self-rated geriatrics competency of trainees from the University of Washington Family Medicine Residency Network programs who participated between January 2016 and March 2017.

Methods 

We assessed outcomes of Project ECHO-Geriatrics through anonymous surveys. Participants rated didactics, case discussions, and geriatrics-specific knowledge before and after sessions on a 5-point scale (1, low, to 5, high). Participants were asked whether they planned to do anything differently in their practice and, if yes, to describe this change.

Results 

Fifteen sessions were held with 204 unique participants from 12 sites, with an average of 28 (range, 13–41) participants per session. From the 9 of 29 (31%) Family Medicine Residency Network programs that enrolled, 63% percent (116 of 184) of eligible residents attended. Sessions were highly rated (89% of responses were 4 or 5). Self-reported geriatrics-specific knowledge increased significantly (before 3.3 [SD = 0.89] versus after 4.0 [SD = 0.60], P < .001). Sixty-five percent (118 of 181) of participants reported plans to change their practice.

Conclusions 

Project ECHO-Geriatrics is an innovative, feasible way to train the future primary care workforce in geriatrics and grow the capacity to provide high-quality care to older adults.
Institutional Participation as a Question of Legitimacy in Structural Reforms
Authors: Jäntti Anni , Airaksinen Jenni , Haveri Arto
Published: April 2018

Creating new government levels through structural reforms also changes the settings of institutional participation. In this article, institutional participation is scrutinized as a question of legitimacy in changing the local government by focusing on the effects of creating regional self-government. To investigate this question, this article utilizes a triangulation of data and methods through statistics, a survey, and interviews. By considering many viewpoints, it is possible to create a general view of the diverse interpretations of the question. The study shows that structural reforms not only change the structures of participation but also require organizational “sponginess” for citizen involvement in order to create a new, legitimate government level.
Gradient flux measurements of sea–air DMS transfer during the Surface Ocean Aerosol Production (SOAP) experiment
Authors: Smith Murray J. , Walker Carolyn F. , Bell Thomas G. , Harvey Mike J. , Saltzman Eric S. , Law Cliff S.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Direct measurements of marine dimethylsulfide (DMS) fluxes are sparse, particularly in the
Southern Ocean. The Surface Ocean Aerosol Production (SOAP) voyage in
February–March 2012 examined the distribution and flux of DMS in a biologically active frontal system in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
Three distinct phytoplankton blooms were studied with oceanic DMS
concentrations as high as 25 nmol L−1. Measurements of DMS fluxes were
made using two independent methods: the eddy covariance (EC) technique using
atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–mass spectrometry (API-CIMS) and
the gradient flux (GF) technique from an autonomous catamaran platform.
Catamaran flux measurements are relatively unaffected by airflow distortion
and are made close to the water surface, where gas gradients are largest. Flux
measurements were complemented by near-surface hydrographic measurements to
elucidate physical factors influencing DMS emission. Individual DMS fluxes
derived by EC showed significant scatter and, at times, consistent departures
from the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment gas transfer algorithm (COAREG). A direct comparison between the
two flux methods was carried out to separate instrumental effects from
environmental effects and showed good agreement with a regression slope of
0.96 (r2= 0.89). A period of abnormal downward atmospheric heat
flux enhanced near-surface ocean stratification and reduced turbulent
exchange, during which GF and EC transfer velocities showed good agreement
but modelled COAREG values were significantly higher. The transfer velocity
derived from near-surface ocean turbulence measurements on a spar buoy
compared well with the COAREG model in general but showed less variation.
This first direct comparison between EC and GF fluxes of DMS provides
confidence in compilation of flux estimates from both techniques, as well as in
the stable periods when the observations are not well predicted by the COAREG
model.
Tomographic retrievals of ozone with the OMPS Limb Profiler: algorithm description and preliminary results
Authors: Zawada Daniel J. , Rieger Landon A. , Bourassa Adam E. , Degenstein Douglas A.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Measurements of limb-scattered sunlight from the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Limb Profiler (OMPS-LP) can be used to
obtain vertical profiles of ozone in the stratosphere. In this paper we describe a two-dimensional, or tomographic,
retrieval algorithm for OMPS-LP where variations are retrieved simultaneously in altitude and the along-orbital-track
dimension. The algorithm has been applied to measurements from the center slit for the full OMPS-LP mission to create the
publicly available University of Saskatchewan (USask) OMPS-LP 2D v1.0.2 dataset. Tropical ozone anomalies are compared with measurements from the
Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), where differences are less than 5 % of the mean ozone value for the majority of the
stratosphere. Examples of near-coincident measurements with MLS are also shown, and agreement at the 5 % level is
observed for the majority of the stratosphere. Both simulated retrievals and coincident comparisons with MLS are shown at
the edge of the polar vortex, comparing the results to a traditional one-dimensional retrieval. The one-dimensional
retrieval is shown to consistently overestimate the amount of ozone in areas of large horizontal gradients relative to
both MLS and the two-dimensional retrieval.
Taxonomies for structuring models for World-Earth system analysis
of the Anthropocene: subsystems, their interactions and
social-ecological feedback loops
Authors: Donges Jonathan F. , Lucht Wolfgang , Heitzig Jobst , Barfuss Wolfram , Cornell Sarah E. , Lade Steven J. , Schlüter Maja
Published: April 2018

Abstract. In the Anthropocene, social processes have become critical to understanding planetary-scale Earth system dynamics. The conceptual foundations of Earth system modelling have externalised social processes in ways that now hinder progress in understanding Earth resilience and informing governance of global environmental change. New approaches to global modelling are needed to address these challenges, but the current modelling landscape is highly diverse and heterogeneous, ranging from purely biophysical Earth System Models, to hybrid macro-economic Integrated Assessments Models, to a plethora of models of socio-cultural dynamics. World-Earth models, currently not yet available, will need to integrate all these elements, so future World-Earth modellers require a structured approach to identify, classify, select, and combine model components. Here, we develop taxonomies for ordering the multitude of societal and biophysical subsystems and their interactions. We suggest three taxa for modelled subsystems: (i) biophysical, where dynamics is usually represented by natural laws of physics, chemistry or ecology (i.e., the usual components of Earth system models), (ii) socio-cultural, dominated by processes of human behaviour, decision making and collective social dynamics (e.g., politics, institutions, social networks), and (iii) socio-metabolic, dealing with the material interactions of social and biophysical subsystems (e.g., human bodies, natural resource and agriculture). We show how higher-order taxonomies for interactions between two or more subsystems can be derived, highlighting the kinds of social-ecological feedback loops where new modelling efforts need to be directed. As an example, we apply the taxonomy to a stylised World-Earth system model of socially transmitted discount rates in a greenhouse gas emissions game to illustrate the effects of social-ecological feedback loops that are usually not considered in current modelling efforts. The proposed taxonomy can contribute to guiding the design and operational development of more comprehensive World-Earth models for understanding Earth resilience and charting sustainability transitions within planetary boundaries and other future trajectories in the Anthropocene.
Are post-dispersed seeds of Eucalyptus globulus predated in the introduced range? Evidence from an experiment in Portugal
Authors: Deus Ernesto , Silva Joaquim S. , Marchante Hélia , Marchante Elizabete , Félix Catarina
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Plantations of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. have been expanding rapidly worldwide. The species is considered invasive in several regions. While in the native range, post-dispersal seed predation is known to severely limit eucalypt recruitment, there is no experimental evidence of seed predation in the introduced range. We hypothesised that E. globulus seeds largely escape predation in Portugal, which may explain its prolific recruitment in some locations. We tested this hypothesis in central Portugal by exposing E. globulus seeds to the local fauna. For comparison purposes, we also used seeds from locally common species: Acacia dealbata Link (alien, larger, elaiosome-bearing seeds) and Cistus salviifolius L. (native, similarly sized seeds). We installed 30 feeding stations across three study sites, each one dominated by one study species. Each feeding station featured four feeders with different animal-access treatments: invertebrates; vertebrates; full access; no access (control). We placed five seeds of each plant species every day in each feeder and registered the number of seeds missing, eaten and elaiosome detached over 9 summer days. Eucalyptus globulus seeds were highly attractive to fauna in the three sites. Nearly half of E. globulus seeds were predated or removed, thus contradicting our hypothesis. Surprisingly, E. globulus and A. dealbata seeds were used by animals in similar proportions and C. salviifolius seeds were the least preferred. Vertebrates were the predominant seed predators and preferred the alien seeds. Invertebrates used all seed species in similar proportions. We found spatial variation regarding the predominant type of seed predators and the levels of seed predation according to the following patterns: predominance of vertebrates; predominance of invertebrates; negligible seed predator activity. Locations with negligible seed predation were abundant and scattered across the study area. Such spatial variation may help to explain the heterogeneous recruitment patterns of E. globulus seedlings found in previous studies.
Certezas e hipótesis sobre el final de la "crónica granadina" de Hernando de Baeza
Authors: Delgado Pérez María Mercedes
Published: April 2018

En este trabajo doy a conocer el descubrimiento del final de la Historia de los reyes moros de Granada de Hernando de Baeza a través de dos códices misceláneos que contienen sendos manuscritos completos e inéditos. Realizo una descripción codicológica y paleográfica de ambos, mostrando sus semejanzas y diferencias mediante el análisis formal y de contenidos. Rescato la tradición documental a través de las copias del Memorial de los Reyes Católicos de Lorenzo Galíndez de Carvajal contenidas en ambos códices. Añado un tercer manuscrito de la crónica de Baeza, hasta ahora inédito, mútilo, sin el comienzo, pero que contiene su final. Comparo, después, cada uno de los nuevos ejemplares de la crónica de Baeza con la versión hasta ahora conocida y editada y, finalmente, realizo una edición comparada de su final, utilizando los tres manuscritos inéditos. Todo ello me permite concluir, por un lado, que existe una interesante tradición documental en la trasmisión deestos textos y, por otro, matizar las teorías hasta ahora realizadas sobre el posible final de la Historia de Baeza, según autores posteriores que la utilizaron.
Los referentes culturales en la narrativa de Tawfīq al-Ḥakīm: análisis de las técnicas de traducción relacionadas con la comida y la vestimenta
Authors: Saad-Helal Saad Mohamed
Published: April 2018

Nuestro objetivo es realizar un análisis cuantitativo de las técnicas de traducción aplicadas en el trasvase al español de los referentes culturales relativos a la comida y la vestimenta en dos novelas de Tawfīq al-Ḥakīm. Los traductores ofrecen textos que no se caracterizan por una gran dosis de extranjerización. Se percibe un equilibrio entre las técnicas que representan la máxima manifestación de la extranjerización y la domesticación: el préstamo y la adaptación. Comparando los datos, observamos ciertas diferencias entre las dos traducciones. Así, dentro de las técnicas de extranjerización, uno de los traductores prefiere recurrir al préstamo, mientras que el otro se decanta a favor del equivalente acuñado. En cuanto al grado de transgresión de las formas de expresión propias de la lengua de llegada, observamos un evidente carácter conservador en Diario de un fiscal rural, frente a un uso del lenguaje más atrevido y transgresor en El despertar de un pueblo. Los datos van en consonancia con lo que ambos traductores anuncian en sus respectivas introducciones.
Aproximación a la poesía y el canto popular árabes
Authors: Sadoun Kinanie Abdul Hadi
Published: April 2018

Toda poesía popular es un canto colectivo, en el sentido de que su texto, aunque se remite a un individuo, siempre está expuesto a sufrir cambios, rectificaciones y añadidos. También la poesía es cantada, en el sentido de que es así por esencia, tratando temas de formas nuevas y con variedad de clases. Muchas de estas canciones populares resuenan la dureza y la amargura de la vida. Y sobre todo es profundamente emotiva, si bien tal característica se evidencia desde la simplicidad, libre de complejidades, con un estilo igualmente sencillo. Podemos estar de acuerdo con la afirmación que reza que la canción popular es de autor y compositor desconocidos, puesto que lo que impide que se trate de una melodía de cantor y autor conocido es precisamente su carácter popular, algo que se diluye en el legado popular.
Endereçamento nas propostas de produção textual em livro didático do ensino fundamental
Authors: Kaodoinski Fabiana , Ramos Flávia Brocchetto
Published: April 2018

O presente estudo visa a analisar como propostas de produção textual veiculadas em livro didático do Ensino Fundamental situam o estudante em termos de interlocução, observando se esse material tem a preocupação de caracterizar o provável interlocutor da escrita a ser elaborada pelo aluno. Para tanto, tomou-se como base a teoria dialógica de Bakhtin, adotando-se a perspectiva enunciativo-discursiva de linguagem. Optou-se pela análise de propostas de produção textual presentes na coleção Português: Linguagens, dos autores Willian Roberto Cereja e Thereza Cochar Magalhães. A partir do corpus analisado, observou-se que as referidas propostas não apresentam caracterização detalhada do possível interlocutor, não contemplando plenamente a noção bakhtiniana de endereçamento. Assim, em função de elas não explicitarem quem é o outro do discurso, a escrita produzida pelo estudante pode, além de tornar-se artificial, não favorecer o estabelecimento de um ativo e efetivo diálogo entre os interactantes.
Construção de sentidos em uma comunidade virtual do World of Warcraft
Authors: Francisco Lucas Almeida , Zacchi Vanderlei J.
Published: April 2018

Os jogos digitais fazem parte das novas tecnologias presentes no mundo contemporâneo. O jogador, neste contexto, é um agente que surge ao experienciar um jogo; um agente que não está apenas sentado absorvendo informações da tela e apertando botões de maneira automática. Por meio de uma história de participação na cultura dos jogos, ele pode tomar uma posição diante dos desafios proporcionados por novas experiências de jogo, construindo sentidos de maneira contextualizada. Nesta pesquisa foram entrevistados quatro jogadores do World of Warcraft, jogo digital on-line do gênero MMORPG. Desta forma, buscou-se analisar como eles constroem sentidos em seus perfis como jogadores.
Did CEO’s Equity-Based Compensation Benefit Firms at All? – Evidence From the Regime Before Adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 123(R)
Authors: Liu Min (Shirley)
Published: April 2018

Previous studies documented empirical evidence that stock- and option-based compensation exacerbates the agency problem, which is opposite to the goal of awarding such kind of compensations to executives. If the stock- and option-based compensation is so bad, why did companies previously adopt such kind of compensation method. I use data from 1992-2005, a period before the adoption of FAS 123 (R), to examine whether the stock-based and option-based compensation benefits firms at all. I find that the firms, whose CEOs received higher values of stock- and option- compensations, have higher accruals quality and more predictable reported earnings, as well as enjoy lower implied costs of equity capital.These findings are robust to various sensitivity tests. The results indicate that such compensation method at least provided certain benefits to the firms.
Product Identity Over Time and the Concept of Product Life Cycle
Authors: Borna Shaheen , Wahlers Russell
Published: April 2018

Since the introduction of the concept of the product life cycle (PLC) to the marketing literature almost 67 years ago, a plethora of literature regarding this concept has appeared in the academic as well as trade journals. In spite of an extensive body of research related to PLC, several critical questions related to the product identity and changes in the identity of product over time are completely ignored by the researchers. This study is an attempt to fill this gap in the marketing literature. After defining the concept of product identity, we provide answers to the following questions: How do products stay the same even after they change? At what point does a product become different? When we talk about a certain product and say that “it changed,” what exactly is “it”?
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Cancer and Clinical Oncology, Vol. 7, No. 1
Authors: Grey Lexie
Published: April 2018

Cancer and Clinical Oncology wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Cancer and Clinical Oncology is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to cco@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 1Aditya R Bele, University of Florida, USAChandra Sekhar Bathula, Washington State University, USAChunbo He, University of Nebraska Medical Center, USADr. Donghui Zhou, Iupui, United StatesHemendra Mod, AARUNI HOSPITAL PVT LTD, IndiaProfessor Mark G Trombetta, Drexel University College of Medicine, United StatesKaushik Thakkar , Stanford University, USAManal Mehibel, Stanford University, USANishitha Reddy Thumallapally, Staten Island University Hospital, USASha Zhu, UMass Medical School, United StatesSourav Banerjee, University of California San Diego, USASunil Kumar, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USASwapna Aravind Gudipaty, University of Utah, USA
A Robust Authentication Scheme for Client-Server Architecture With Provable Security Analysis
Authors: Jan Saeed Ullah , Qayum Fawad
Published: April 2018

Client-server computing is the analytical development of compatible programming with significant supposition and the detachment of a massive program into its fundamental parts ("modules"), which can create the chance for extra enhancement, inconsiderable improvement, and prominent maintainability. In client-server computing, total extensive modules don't need to be accomplished within the similar memory space totally but can execute independently on a suitable hardware and software platform according to their behavior. The user authentication is the dominant constraint for client-server computing that limits the illegitimate right of entry into the main workstation. This research is mainly focused on the design of a robust authentication scheme for client-server architecture computing. It carries some additional features like security, virtualization, user's programs security, individuality supervision, integrity, control access to server and authentication. The proposed background also delivers the characteristic supervision, mutual authentication, and establishment of secure session key among users and the remote server.
Kitchen Market Monitoring in Bangladesh: A Study on Dhaka South City Corporation
Authors: Hossen Md. Mansur
Published: April 2018

Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) is the former self-governing corporationwhich is associated with the task of running the affairs of the city of Dhaka . According to the Local Government Act (Amendment), 2011, it is the mandatory function of City Corporation to show the price chart of daily necessities in front of market. Sellers are bound to follow this price chart. It is the right of citizens to bargain with seller to follow this chart. DSCC (Dhaka South City Corporation) acts as a watchdog in the market to follow the price chart. But unfortunately, price chart do not exist in many markets of DSCC jurisdiction. Although sometimes price chart exit but it is not updated regularly. In Bangladesh, every marketing sphere is controlled by a financially powered group. They are also considered as syndicate. They control each and every movements of market. The kitchen market is not out of their black hand. Therefore, it is obvious that every classes of customer need to go there for their own daily essential commodities.The price of daily essential commodities imposed by DCC is not followed by the sellers. Imposed price of DCC is not effective for customer unawareness and their indifferent attitude. Most of the time, it is impossible to pursue the imposed price although Government and its related administration department want to control it. The objectives of the study is to conduct a survey on the Bazaar monitoring system of DSCC and the effectiveness of the corporation to monitor the prices of daily necessities in a kitchen market. This research is mainly qualitative in nature. A stratified sampling method is followed for conducting this research. Data is collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data has been collected from four kitchen market (Polashi Bazaar,Ananda Bazaar,New Market Bazaar and Hatirpool Bazaar) under DSCC jurisdiction. Secondary sources of data are books, internet, journals, DSCC’s acts, DSCC’s annual reports and reports of different research organizations concerned with Bazaar monitoring.
Brief Report: The Role of Mathematics Teaching in Fostering Student Growth Mindset
Authors: Sun Kathy Liu
Published: April 2018

The belief that mathematics ability is a fixed trait is particularly common and may be a key reason for many students' disinterest and underperformance in mathematics. This study investigates how mathematics teaching practices might contribute to students' beliefs about mathematics ability being a fixed or malleable trait (mindset). Through a synthesis of existing literature and an analysis of data from classroom observations, this article presents a framework of teaching practices and identifies how varying implementations of these practices can be classified along a continuum from conveying fixed-mindset messages to conveying growth-mindset messages related to mathematics ability.
Problems
Authors: Pelikan Stephan , DeJarnette Anna F. , Phelps Stephen
Published: April 2018

A monthly set of problems is aimed at a variety of ability levels.
Connecting and Using Multiple Representations
Authors: Nielsen Maria E. , Bostic Jonathan D.
Published: April 2018

Learn how to use and connect representations with lessons on linear functions.
If they can’t change, why support change? Implicit theories about groups, social dominance orientation and political identity
Authors: Kahn Dennis T. , Reifen Tagar Michal , Halperin Eran , Bäckström Martin , Vitriol Joseph A. , Liberman Varda
Published: April 2018

In three studies across three cultures (U.S., Sweden, and Israel), we examine whether implicit theories about groups are associated with political identity and whether this relationship is mediated by Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). Study 1 found that raising the salience of entity beliefs leads to increased right-wing political self-identification on social issues, although no such effect was found regarding general or economic political identity. In Study 2, we found that the more participants endorsed entity beliefs about groups (vs. incremental beliefs about groups), the more they identified as political rightists (vs. leftists) in the U.S., Sweden, and Israel. SDO mediated this relationship in the U.S. and Swedish samples, but not in the Israeli sample – a political setting in which political identity is largely determined by attitudes regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Study 3 showed that SDO mediated the relationship between implicit theories about groups and Israelis’ political identity regarding social/economic issues, but did not have such a mediating role with respect to political identity regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Българска апробация на скала за измерване на удовлетвореността от семейството с прилагателни (F.S.A.S.)
Authors: Angelova Natasha Virmozelova , Zaimova-Tsaneva Emelina
Published: April 2018

Статията има за цел да представи резултати от българска адаптация на скала за измерване на удовлетвореността от семейството с прилагателни, както и да проследи влиянието на някои социално-демографски фактори върху преживяването на удовлетвореност. Семейството е важна социална структура, която влияе върху обществото и която се влияе от обществото, като резултира в субективно вътрешно преживяване индивидуално за всеки член на семейството. В тази връзка удовлетвореността отеква основно в емоционалните преживявания на хората, които са трудно измерими, отчасти и поради мимолетността на емоциите. Скалата за измерване на удовлетвореността от семейството с прилагателни (на авторите Barraca, Yarto, & Olea, 2000) предлага добра възможност за обхващане на широк регистър от преживявания в една стабилна времева рамка. Изследвали сме 287 лица на възраст от 21 до 60 години (M = 36,13, SD = 9,25) от тях 191 жени и 96 мъже. Адаптацията на методиката показва висока степен на вътрешна консистентност α на Кронбах = 0,978. Получените чрез Eta squared индекс данни показват, че никой от социално-демографските фактори не оказва влияние върху удовлетвореността от семейството, а тя си остава така, както и авторите на методиката докладват, много лично емоционално преживяване.
Book review: „Reflections on education“
Authors: Stoyanova Stanislava
Published: April 2018

The title of this book means the purpose of this book – to encourage the process of reflection on education. At the same time, this book consists of its author’s reflections on the educational process that are inspired by many articles in different journals. The readers can enrich their own viewpoints of education with the long-term educational experience and creative wisdom reflected in this book.
Identification of Dysbiosis Related Bacteria from New Zealand’s White Rabbit Intestinal Treated With Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 as Probiotics Food Supplementation
Authors: Arif S.W. Kusuma  , Rizky Abdulah  , Melisa I. Barliana  , Tiana Milanda  , Febrina A. Saputri  , Raden M. Febriyanti  , Sofa D. Alfian  , Widya N. Insani  , Dinda Arditta  , Devinna  , Inggrid S. Surono  , Vesara A. Gatera
Published: April 2018

The gastrointestinal microoganisms encompass thousands of bacterial species that constitute a relatively stable ecosystem inside human body. Dysbiosis is an imbalance condition of beneficiary microbacteria cause by newer microorganism. This research aimed to investigate the effect of L. plantarum IS-10506 as probiotics supplementation on total bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae count; and also to identify the dysbiosis causing bacteria. Total bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae number on both control and test group were determined by Total Plate Count method. Identification of dysbiosis related bacteria were determined by fermentation test, gram staining, and Microbact™ 12A kit. The TPC result of total bacterial population on control group was 222.67 x 106 cfu/ml, while the probiotics induced group was 210.33 x 106 cfu/ml. As for the TPC result for Enterobacteriaceae population from control group was 12.00 x 106 cfu/ml, Enterobacteriaceae population in the probiotics induced group was 11.66 x 106 cfu/ml. Four genera related to dysbiosis has been isolated from the intestinal sample and all are rod-shaped Gram negative bacteria. In conclusion, the use of L. plantarum IS-10506 as food supplementation has reduced the total bacterial count. Four genera of dysbiosis related bacteria has been identified from the intestinal sample which include Eschericia, Serratia, Enterobacter, and Citrobacter.
Antioxidant Activity and other Physicochemical Characteristics of Different Propolis Extracts
Authors: Alaa Zam  , Mohammad Othman
Published: April 2018

This study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of three different extracts of propolis (Ethanolic 50%, methanolic 100% and aqueous extracts) with some of their physicochemical aspects. Ethanolic extract was analyzed by LC-MS, while the methanolic extract was analyzed by GC-MS in order to screen polyphenols and volatile compounds in the sample, the identity of these components were achieved by means of comparing their mass spectra with previous published studies. Forrier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted on the methanolic extract and crude propolis samples to gain an overview of some physical characteristics. The antioxidant activities of the three extracts were measured by DPPH scavenging ability and FRAP assay. LC-MS and GC-MS allowed the identification of 19 phenolic and 17 volatile compounds. The most abundant phenolics found in our sample correspond with p-Coumaric benzyl ester, Pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, Caffeic acid benzyl ester and pinocembrin, as they showed the highest peaks in the total ion chromatogram (TIC). In addition, the most abundant volatile compounds showed a high level of agreement with δ-Cadinene and γ- Terpinen.Furthermore, Ethanol 50% extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity, which has a significant correlation with its high polyphenolic content.
Cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de práctica de actividad física en función de los cutoffs points y el género en estudiantes universitarios españoles
Authors: Corella C. , Rodríguez-Muñoz S. , Abarca-Sos A. , Zaragoza J.
Published: April 2018

Los principales objetivos de este estudio fueron: a) estudiar los niveles de actividad física (AF) según los diferentes puntos de corte utilizados y el género; b) analizar el cumplimiento de las diferentes recomendaciones internacionales de AF según el género y puntos de corte. 95 universitarios, 33 hombres y 62 mujeres (21, 96 años + 2,33) llevaron acelerómetro para medir sus niveles de AF utilizando puntos de corte uniaxiales y triaxiales. Los resultados señalan mayores niveles de AF en los hombres para la AF vigorosa, pero no en la moderada. La mayoría de la muestra cumple con las recomendaciones de AF moderada, sin embargo, en la AF vigorosa el cumplimiento es bajo. El análisis de la AF con puntos de corte triaxiales son mayores a los uniaxiales, así como un mayor porcentaje de cumplimiento cuando se utilizan las recomendaciones establecidas por la Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory y la World Health Organization.
Changes in the lower limb alignment during the gait in advanced phases of pregnancy and the effect of special footwear
Authors: Gimunová M. , Zvonař M. , Šagat P. , Duvač I.
Published: April 2018

El dolor de cadera, rodilla y pie son problemas comunes durante el embarazo, ya que el embarazo afecta la salud musculo esquelética. El propósito del estudio fue investigar las adaptaciones de la marcha en el embarazo y el efecto de calzado especial. 16 mujeres embarazadas fueron divididas en un grupo control y otro experimental, obteniendo las de este último el calzado especial. Participaron en las tomas de datos en las semanas de embarazo 27, 32 y 37. En cada sesión se pidió a las participantes andar descalzas en un espacio monitorizado por el Simi Motion®. Para comparar las diferencias entre las diferentes sesiones de evaluación, se utilizó el tamaño de efecto obtenido por la d de Cohen. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que, en el grupo experimental, el uso del calzado especial probado permitió una verticalización del segmento pélvico, aumento del ángulo máximo de extensión de la cadera, reducción del ángulo pie-suelo y mantenimiento de la misma altura de la rodilla durante la marcha, posiblemente disminuyendo el riesgo de desarrollo de dolor en estos segmentos corporales durante el embarazo.
Perfil antropométrico y somatotipo de regatistas del equipo preolímpico español de vela
Authors: Reyes Sánchez L. , Morales Baños V.
Published: April 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir las características antropométricas y somatotipo de los regatistas de diferentes clases, que formaron parte del Equipo Preolímpico Español de Vela entre los años 2006 y 2014. En el estudio participaron 50 regatistas del Equipo Preolímpico Español, se registraron los siguientes datos: peso, talla, pliegues cutáneos, perímetros de brazo, muslo y gemelo, diámetros del húmero, muñeca y fémur. Respecto al porcentaje graso, las chicas han estado alrededor de 16-20% y los chicos entre 10-18%. El somatotipo medio de los regatistas fue mesomorfo exceptuando la clase Laser Radial que se inclinó hacia valores endomórficos. La conclusión es que existe un perfil ideal antropométrico y de somatotipo, en cada clase de barco y también dependiendo de la posición que ocupe el regatista en el barco, por lo que los regatistas que se acerquen a ese ideal tendrán más posibilidades de éxito.
Estilos de aprendizaje y evaluación formativa: Estudio con universitarios de Educación Física chilenos
Authors: Serra-Olivares J. , García-Rubio J. , Gil Madrona P. , Cejudo Armero C. , González Víllora S.
Published: April 2018

La evaluación contribuye a la formación del aprendizaje, facilitando el avance del estudiante. La evaluación formativa se presenta como una estrategia eficaz dentro de la formación inicial docente. Se analizaron las percepciones sobre la evaluación de universitarios de Educación Física chilenos (n = 95), en función de su estilo de aprendizaje, género y curso académico. Se utilizaron el Cuestionario de Estilos de Aprendizaje y la versión en castellano del Assessment Experience Questionnaire. Los resultados mostraron percepciones negativas sobre el proceso evaluativo. Se observaron diferencias significativas en las percepciones sobre el uso del feedback en función del estilo de aprendizaje (F= 1.062, p = .004). Se observaron diferencias significativas en la percepción de la cantidad de esfuerzo (F= 5.888, p = .000), la adecuación de la evaluación (F= 3.282, p = .015)y la aproximación superficial al aprendizaje (F= 5.472, p = .001), en función del curso académico. El género no fue determinante de las percepciones. Los hallazgos sugieren la utilización de procedimientos de evaluación tradicional con los encuestados. Se encontraron relaciones entre el estilo de enseñanza y el feedback, y entre el curso académico y las percepciones de evaluación. Esta información contribuye a un entendimiento más profundo del modo de aprender de los estudiantes en función de sus características y contexto.