bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A FORMAÇÃO DA NOÇÃO DE CONTRADIÇÃO NA FILOSOFIA DE SIMONE WEIL
Authors: Rey Puente Fernando
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é o de investigar a dupla origem da noção de contradição – experiência docente e incursões políticas – que está presente nos textos weilianos da década de 30 do século passado indicando a importância dessa noção para a filosofia weiliana que foi elaborada de modo particularmente intenso nos derradeiros anos de vida da filósofa (entre 1940 e 1943).
Palavras-chave: Contradição. Experiência docente. Experiência política. Ciência. Analogia.
Penyuluhan Manajemen Kesehatan Sapi Potong dan Penyakit Zoonosis di Kelompok Tani Kenteng Makmur, Ngargoyoso, Karanganyar
Authors: Nuraini Dian Meididewi , Pramono Ahmad , Prastowo Sigit , Widyas Nuzul
Published: April 2022

Kenteng Makmur Farmer Group is a group that raises beef cattle as the source of organic fertilizer. This farmer group has only raised cattle for one year, so there are still many improper maintenance practices including health management. Health problems is important to maintain the productivity of the cattle and reduce the risk of zoonotic diseases transfer to human. This program aimed to increase farmer’s knowledge regarding beef cattle health management and zoonotic diseases. This activity was carried out at the Kenteng Makmur Farmer Group, Kenteng, Puntukrejo, Ngargoyoso, Karanganyar. The implementation of this service consisted of socialization on beef cattle health management and zoonotic disease, and a fecal examination to evaluate the parasitic infestation. Farmer’s knowledge was evaluated through pre-test and post-test results that were analyzed descriptively. Fecal was examined using native and flotation methods with a total of 6 samples. Based on the results, there was an increase in farmers’ knowledge regarding beef cattle health management and zoonotic diseases as indicated by an increase in the post-test score (90.3) compared to the pre-test score (52.7). Based on fecal examination, there was one sample containing Toxocara vitulorum eggs. It can be concluded that this service increases the farmer’s knowledge about health management and zoonotic diseases up to 71% and there was a positive result in parasitic cases evaluation. It is suggested to repeat the deworming program a month after the first dose.
Uji Kualitas Produk Pupuk Organik Beragensia Hayati
Authors: Mujiyo Mujiyo , Herawati Aktavia , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Suntoro Suntoro , Syamsiyah Jauhari , Dewi Widyatmani Sih , Widijanto Hery , Rahayu Rahayu , Sutarno Sutarno
Published: April 2022

Processing cow dung into organic fertilizer with additional biological agents is an effort to prevent environmental pollution due to agricultural waste. Sources of organic fertilizer materials have different nutrient content. Good quality organic fertilizer means that it has match the Organic Fertilizer Standards based on the Decree of Agriculture Minister Republic Indonesia Number 261/KPTS/SR.310/M/4/2019. This activity aims to determine the quality of the bio-agent organic fertilizer product produced by Perkumpulan Pertanian Organik Wonoagung Wonogiri (PPOWW) by analyzing its nutrient content. The activities carried out include an initial survey of partner conditions, preparation of materials, and analysis of fertilizers. The results show that the PPOWW management understands the mechanism of standard and how to carry out quality control on the organic fertilizers produced. The results of the analysis of the nutrient content of PPOWW organic fertilizer products are N-total 1.32%, P2O5 1.50%, K2O 2.24%, C-organic 23.09%, C/N ratio 17.55 and pH 8.27 which have met the quality standards of organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers. The addition of biological agents in the process of making organic fertilizers is proven to improve the quality of fertilizers.
Horticultural Crop Cultivation based on Verticulture with Utilization of Waste Materials in Jati Village, Sumberlawang Sub-district, Sragen Regency
Authors: Utami Pinasti Dwi , Mauludiyah Hilda Putri , Ravinka Bramesvia , Ramadhani Arisma Ria , Brahman Damian Paska Santyo , Ramadani Dea , Lestari Dwi Indah , Putra Bayu Ardhy , Khotimah Chusnul , Gravitiani Evi
Published: April 2022

Meeting food needs is one of the main problems for a country. Cultivation of horticultural crops with verticulture techniques is one form of activity that can be a way to meet food needs. The crop yield can be used for personal consumption and sold as a source of additional income for households. The verticulture is made from waste which are used as containers or pots and then planted with chili and mustard plants. This activity aims to improve skills, creativity, meet food needs and use empty land that can add aesthetic value. Participants consisted of 27 heads of neighborhood, the women's association for family welfare development (Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, PKK) and Youth Organizations in Jati Village, Sumberlawang District, Sragen Regency, Sragen, with 46 participants of various ages. The activity was guided and carried out by the UNS 65 KKN team with enthusiasm and enthusiastically welcomed by the participants. The evaluation was carried out by interviewing several participants. The response showed that the activity was carried out well and the knowledge conveyed was also well received. Based on the results of these interviews, it can be seen that around 85% of participants can understand the socialization and practice of verticulture cultivation well.
The Effect of Media Types and NAA Concentrations on Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) Shoot Development in In Vitro Culture
Authors: Warfa’ni Ilham , Prayoga Lucky , Prasetyo Rendie , Murchie Erik Harry , Sugiyono Sugiyono
Published: April 2022

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) is a forest product commodity with high economic value, but its availability in nature is decreasing due to deforestation and overexploitation. The availability of high-quality seedlings is necessary to meet the demand and conserve the sources of agarwood plants. Therefore, this study investigates the interaction effect between media types and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) concentrations on agarwood shoot development. It also aims to determine the best medium type and NAA concentration to stimulate agarwood shoot development. This research had two stages, namely the shoot induction and development. The shoot induction stage was conducted experimentally, using a completely randomized design (CRD) on a factorial treatment pattern of 2 factors i.e., the types of media and NAA concentrations. The shoots produced from the induction stage were cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) media with the same media types but without any NAA addition. Furthermore, the variables observed in both stages were the development of agarwood shoots, and the parameters measured included the number of shoots, number of leaves and shoot lengths. The results showed that the development of agarwood shoots was controlled by the type of medium used. Liquid MS medium supported with filter paper bridge produced the highest average number of shoots with 4.93 and 5.87 shoots explants-1 and length at 3.25 and 3.64 cm explant-1 in the induction and development stage, respectively. These findings will facilitate mass propagation of agarwood shoots, and in turn the availability of agarwood plantlets supports its conservation and production.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Sensoris Snack Bar Tinggi Protein Bebas Gluten dengan Variasi Tepung Beras, Tepung Kedelai dan Tepung Tempe
Authors: Mawarno Binardo Adi Seno , Putri Aldila Sagitaning
Published: April 2022

The problem of malnutrition, especially stunting, is still a problem for some Indonesian people because they have not fulfilled both macro and micronutrients in a balanced way. This study aims to determine the quality of protein snack bars that have the potential to overcome stunting problems physically, chemically and sensory. The snack bar formulation in this study used soybean flour, tempeh flour, and a mixture of soybean flour and tempeh flour to substitute for 20% of rice flour. “Granola” in snack bar products is a mixture of crispy rice, tempeh, tofu, nuts and local dried fruits. Data analysis used One Way ANOVA with Duncan and Man Whitney test. The results showed that the snack bar with tempeh flour substitution had the highest protein value of 18.09%. For texture, the snack bar with the addition of soy flour has the most brittle texture, while the sensory analysis results show that the snack bar with the addition of a mixture of soy flour and tempeh is the most preferred by consumers. Overall, all snack bar treatments met the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) snack bar quality standards, particularly protein values that were well above the minimum value of 8%. Thus, this snack bar product is expected to be one solution to the problem of stunting in children who require high protein intake.
identidade do campo das Relações Internacionais no Brasil
Authors: Novelli Douglas
Published: April 2022

O artigo analisa a produção acadêmica publicada entre os anos de 2010 e 2019 nos principais periódicos científicos brasileiros voltados para o campo das Relações Internacionais, recortados com base em sua classificação no Qualis/Capes. Foi aplicado o método da análise de conteúdo quantitativa a 720 artigos, publicados nos seguintes periódicos: Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional (Qualis A1), Contexto Internacional (Qualis A2) e Carta Internacional (Qualis B1). Os resultados revelam a pluralidade de temas de pesquisa e redes de autores, além de reforçar as carências metodológicas que a área apresenta.
Não democrático segundo a cor
Authors: Santino Bussmann Fábio , Granja Hernández Lorena
Published: April 2022

As consequências estruturais do racismo, decisivas nas intervenções dos Estados Unidospara promover a democracia na América Latina, permanecem inexploradas. O artigoafirma que a desumanização racial e suas consequências epistêmicas e políticas colocamos Estados Unidos, em relação à América Latina, como um super-soberano que pode, aqualquer momento, apontar um governo latinoamericano como antidemocrático / nãorepresentativo de seu povo / não legitimamente soberano e tentar retirá-lo do poder, emuma lógica estrutural-hierárquica, ao invés de anárquica. Essa linha de pensamento resultada expansão dos conceitos decoloniais, que o artigo também coloca em diálogo com fontesque sustentam o presente argumento para além da lógica decolonial.
Instagram sebagai media komunikasi Perpustakaan UIN SAIZU
Authors: Ningrum Ayuk Kusuma
Published: April 2022

Introduction. During the pandemic, the Library of UIN Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto (UIN SAIZU) run into many service changes. Libraries must think about how to communicate to users regarding the latest collections, announcements of service changes, socialization of library activities, documentation of library activities, and social-cultural activities. This study examines Instagram as a medium of communication to users.Methodology. The research method uses qualitative methods and data collection techniques using interviews and observations.Results and discussion. The results show that libraries have used Instagram to communicate library-related matters by using various features available on Instagram. Libraries also manage accounts by creating exciting content to increase engagement rate.Conclusion. Using social media as a communication medium can be utilized by libraries, both university libraries and other types of libraries. The UIN SAIZU library can disseminate information quickly, efficiently, and interestingly. It has a broad reach. Some features allow getting feedback from the audience in the form of comments, likes, and messages.
Korelasi antara jumlah publikasi dosen dengan penggunaan layanan RemoteXs Perpustakaan UNAIR
Authors: Nugroho Prasetyo Adi
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Social restrictions due to COVID-19 have made it difficult to obtain research data and literature to support publication activities. Universitas Airlangga (UNAIR) provides Remotex facilities or remote repository access, where academics can read and download journals of international repute. This paper aims to analyze whether there is a relationship between RemoteXs access by faculty and the number of publications on Scopus.Methodology. This study uses statistical data on the number of times the repository is accessed by the faculty. a sample of the number of papers was also taken from the Scopus website. Data were analyzed by the Pearson Correlation method.Results and discussion. The results of the study show that the number of lecturers' accesses has no correlation with the number of publications. Meanwhile, the total repository access at the faculty is strongly correlated with the number of publications.Conclusion. There is no relationship to how many times the number of RemoteXs access publications on Scopus. However, there is a relationship with the faculty, this is because of the doctoral program in the faculty that is required for publication.
Optimalisasi sumber informasi ilmiah open access dalam mendukung proses pembelajaran pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Universitas Bangka Belitung
Authors: Kusuma Arja , Darma Darma
Published: April 2022

Background. This article explains how the Bangka Belitung University Library optimizes open access scientific information sources in supporting the learning process at Bangka Belitung University during the Covid-19 pandemic. As is known, during the pandemic, it is impossible to access services face-to-face at the library.Methods. The research method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative research method. The instrument in this study was the researcher himself. This research was conducted at Library of Bangka Belitung University, the data in this study were collected with observation techniques and documentation related to the optimization of open access scientific information sources in support of the learning process at Bangka Belitung University.Results and discussion. Optimizing the use of open access scientific information sources can be done by, firstly making selected information services from open access scientific information sources, secondly providing search assistance services and downloading electronic books and journals, thirdly through socialization through webinars, social media and user education.Conclusions. The many and varied sources of open access scientific information can be optimized for use in supporting the learning process at Bangka Belitung University, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic
Konsep pengembangan gallery, library, archive, dan museum (GLAM) Keanekaragaman Hayati di kawasan Cibinong Science Center
Authors: Maha Rahmadani Ningsih , Wulan Sri
Published: April 2022

Background. Gallery, Library, Archive, and Museum (GLAM) for biodiversity is a documentation center for research institutions on biodiversity as a means of transferring information and knowledge to the public. The functions of education, research, preservation, information, and recreation can be obtained from GLAM. The goal of this study is to inform the potential and form of GLAM innovation in the Cibinong area so that it can become a National Documentation Center for Biodiversity.Methods. The research method uses the observation method by looking at facts in the field and literature studies to support this research.Results and discussion. This study describes the Cibinong Science Center area has five libraries of various disciplines. Regarding biodiversity, the Cibinong area has a biology library with a collection of more than 10,000 books. In the zoology building, there is an animal biodiversity gallery located under the library building. In addition, the Research Center for Biology has a collection of animal specimens in the zoology building, a collection of herbarium specimens at the Botanical Building and the InaCC Building (Indonesian Culture Collection) to store microorganisms.Conclusions. The concept of developing GLAM for Biodiversity in Cibinong Science Center can be applied. Collaboration with other documentary unit manager such archivist and specimen curators must be carried out in order to create GLAM for Biodiversity. The concept of innovation in the development of GLAM is to integrate it in one building and management.
Comercio exterior y empleo en la frontera norte de México
Authors: Mendoza Jorge Eduardo , Torres-Preciado Víctor Hugo
Published: April 2022

El trabajo investiga los impactos del comercio exterior sobre el empleo en los estados de la frontera norte de México y su integración con la economía de los Estados Unidos durante 2007-2020. Con el objetivo de analizar el efecto de la penetración comercial en la evolución del empleo en la región se utiliza un modelo de panel dinámico. Los resultados indican que la penetración de las exportaciones totales no muestra una clara correlación con la dinámica del empleo en la región. Por su parte, la penetración de las exportaciones y de las importaciones manufactureras muestra un efecto positivo y estadísticamente significativo en el empleo manufacturero en la región de la frontera norte de México. El coeficiente de los salarios promedio manufactureros expresa un coeficiente inverso, lo que sugiere que la dinámica de empleo es una limitante del crecimiento de los ingresos salariales.
El comercio transfronterizo al menudeo entre Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua y El Paso, Texas
Authors: Fuentes Flores César M.
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el impacto del comercio transfronterizo al menudeo, para ello se busca estimar el gasto por sector en ambos lados de la conurbación transfronteriza de Ciudad Juárez-El Paso. La estimación del gasto se realizó con la información proporcionada por la encuesta transfronteriza a usuarios de puentes internacionales, durante el periodo octubre-diciembre de 2019. Los resultados muestran que los gastos que realizaron los residentes en México que cruzaron a Estados Unidos fueron de 177 700 000 de dólares y los de Estados Unidos que cruzaron a México 141 200 000, durante el último trimestre de 2019. Los residentes en México señalan que sus principales motivos de cruce son compras, trabajo y la escuela y los residentes de Estados Unidos para asistir a reuniones familiares, consulta médica o dental y compra de medicinas. Por lo anterior, se concluye que la integración entre ambas ciudades es parcial.
Does Mexico need free trade with the United States?
Authors: Gerber James , Liang Yang
Published: April 2022

Free trade between the United States and Mexico is credited with having developed one of the largest bilateral trading relationships in the world. Yet Mexico-United States trade has been significant for more than a century. Our objective is to show how bilateral trade increased independently of the trade agreement that took effect in 1994, and to specify the other reasons why trade grew. We measure trade flows from the 1880s to the present and estimate a gravity model for the period 1948-2006. The gravity model shows that the fundamental characteristics of Mexico and the United States explain the volume of trade independently of the trade agreement. The trade agreement reduced uncertainty which likely had a positive effect on trade flows. Our analysis does not estimate the quantitative impact of reduced uncertainty but shows that proximity and size of the market were more significant that the trade agreement.
The Role of Cell-derived Microparticles in Cardiovascular Diseases: Current
Concepts
Authors: Stampouloglou Panagiota K. , Siasos Gerasimos , Bletsa Evanthia , Oikonomou Evangelos , Vogiatzi Georgia , Kalogeras Konstantinos , Katsianos Efstratios , Vavuranakis Michael-Andrew , Souvaliotis Nektarios , Vavuranakis Manolis
Published: April 2022

Cardiovascular disease remains the main cause of human morbidity and mortality in developed countries.
Microparticles (MPs) are small vesicles originating from the cell membrane as a result of various stimuli
and particularly of biological processes that constitute the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, such as endothelial
damage. They form vesicles that can transfer various molecules and signals to remote target cells without
direct cell-to-cell interaction. Circulating microparticles have been associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Therefore, many studies have been designed to further investigate the role of microparticles as biomarkers for
diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring. To this concept, the pro-thrombotic and atherogenic potential of
platelets and endothelial-derived MPs have gained research interest, especially concerning accelerated atherosclerosis
and triggering as well as prognosis of an acute coronary syndrome. MPs, especially those of endothelial
origin, have been investigated in different clinical scenarios of heart failure and in association with left ventricular
loading conditions. Finally, most cardiovascular risk factors present unique features in the circulating
MPs population, highlighting their pathophysiologic link to cardiovascular disease progression. In this review
article, we present a synopsis of the biogenesis and characteristics of microparticles, as well as the most recent
data concerning their implication in cardiovascular settings.
NMDA Inhibitors: A Potential Contrivance to Assist in Management of
Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Painuli Sakshi , Semwal Prabhakar , Zam Wissam , Taheri Yasaman , Ezzat Shahira M. , Zuo Peijun , Li Liping , Kumar Dileep , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Cruz-Martins Natália
Published: April 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an increasingly common neurodegenerative disease that attracts
the attention of researchers and medical community in order to develop new, safe and more
effective drugs. Currently available drugs could only slow the AD progression and relieve the
symptoms, in addition to being linked to moderate-to-severe side effects. N-methyl D-aspartate
(NMDA) receptors antagonists were reported to have the ability to block the glutamate-mediated
excitotoxic activity being good therapeutic targets for several neurodegenerative diseases, including
AD. Based on data obtained so far, this review provides an overview over the use of NMDA
antagonists for AD treatment, starting with a key emphasis on present features and future aspects
regarding the use of NMDA antagonists for AD, and lastly a key focus is also given on its use in
precision medicine.
A Pipeline for the Development of Microsatellite Markers using Next
Generation Sequencing Data
Authors: Antunes Adriana Maria , Stival Júlio Gabriel Nunes , Targueta Cíntia Pelegrineti , de Campos Telles Mariana Pires , Soares Thannya Nascimento
Published: April 2022

Background:

Also known as Simple Sequence Repetitions (SSRs), microsatellites are profoundly
informative molecular markers and powerful tools in genetics and ecology studies on plants.

Objective:

This research presents a workflow for developing microsatellite markers using genome
skimming.

Methods:

The pipeline was proposed in several stages that must be performed sequentially: obtaining
DNA sequences, identifying microsatellite regions, designing primers, and selecting candidate microsatellite
regions to develop the markers. Our pipeline efficiency was analyzed using Illumina sequencing
data from the non-model tree species Pterodon emarginatus Vog.

Results:

The pipeline revealed 4,382 microsatellite regions and drew 7,411 pairs of primers for P.
emarginatus. However, a much larger number of microsatellite regions with the potential to develop
markers were discovered from our pipeline. We selected 50 microsatellite regions with high potential
for developing markers and organized 29 microsatellite regions in sets for multiplex PCR.

Conclusions:

The proposed pipeline is a powerful tool for fast and efficient development of microsatellite
markers on a large scale in several species, especially nonmodel plant species.
Genomic and Bioinformatic Resources for Perennial Fruit Species
Authors: Grimplet Jérôme
Published: April 2022

In the post-genomic era, data management and development of bioinformatic tools are critical for the adequate exploitation of genomics data. In this review, we address the actual situation for the subset of crops represented by the perennial fruit species. The agronomical singularity of these species compared to plant and crop model species provides significant challenges on the implementation of good practices generally not addressed in other species. Studies are usually performed over several years in non-controlled environments, usage of rootstock is common, and breeders heavily relies on vegetative propagation. A reference genome is now available for all the major species as well as many members of the economically important genera for breeding purposes. Development of pangenome for these species is beginning to gain momentum which will require a substantial effort in term of bioinformatic tool development. The available tools for genome annotation and functional analysis will also be presented.
A Review: Molecular Mechanism of Regulation of ABCA1 Expression
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Atanasov Atanas G.
Published: April 2022

ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) protein plays an essential role in a variety of events, such as cholesterol and phospholipid efflux, nascent high-density lipoprotein (HDL) biosynthesis, phospholipid translocation. Thus, there has been much research activity aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms of regulating ABCA1 expression. In this review, we first discuss ABCA1 structure, tissue distribution, cellular localization and trafficking, as well as its function. Furthermore, current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of ABCA1 expression are summarized.

ABCA1 transcriptional regulation is mediated by a very complicated system, including nuclear receptor systems, factors binding to other sites in the ABCA1 promoter, cytokines, hormones, growth factors, lipid metabolites, enzymes, and other messengers/factors/pathways. In addition, ABCA1 post-transcriptional regulation is mediated by microRNA, long noncoding RNA, RNA-binding proteins, proteases, fatty acids, PDZ proteins, signaling proteins, and other factors. Compared to the transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 which is well established, the post-transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 expression is poorly understood.
Combinational Approaches Targeting Various Aspects Involved in Intestinal
Barrier Dysfunction-Induced Anxiety
Authors: Kale Pravin Popatrao , Pallar Anita Murugan
Published: April 2022

Abstracts:

Anxiety disorder is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. The high prevalence of comorbid gastrointestinal disorders and anxiety, as well as various limitations in current therapy, have necessitated the search for alternative techniques. The Gut-Brain Axis is the connecting link between the gut and the brain. One of the reasons for the Gut-Brain Axis malfunction resulting in HPA axis stimulation and anxiety is intestinal barrier dysfunction. Gut microorganisms, lipopoly-saccharides, and other factors can stimulate the disruption of this intestinal barrier. Tight junction proteins, the epithelial barrier, the mucosal membrane, the Toll-like receptor/Myeloid differentia-tion factor 88 pathway, the activated immune system, and the HPA axis could all be potential tar-gets for anxiety caused by intestinal barrier disruption. Quercetin and Rebamipide, Berberine and Agomelatine, Angiotensin II receptor type 1 blockers, and Lubiprostone can act on these targets to provide an anxiolytic effect.
Targeting AMPK Signaling in the Liver: Implications for Obesity and
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Doudou , Yang Lin
Published: April 2022

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as common metabolic diseases, are patho-logically characterized by overnutrition and insulin resistance (IR), which subsequently lead to glu-cose and lipid metabolism disorders. The liver, a major metabolic organ of the body, integrates hormone and metabolic signals to regulate the synthesis of lipids and glucose as well as their transport to peripheral tissues, hence playing an essential role in the development of obesity and T2DM. Adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central regulator in-volved in cellular and organismal metabolism in eukaryotes, which activates processes that produce ATP and diminishes its consumption. In addition, AMPK also regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and promotes autophagy, both of which are associated with the pathogenesis of IR. Therefore, in-creasing AMPK activity is considered a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity and T2DM. In this review, we summarize the role of hepatic AMPK in obesity and T2DM and the po-tential of using AMPK activators as therapeutics for metabolic disorders.
Inhibitors Targeting Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Entry
Authors: da Silva Santos-Júnior Paulo Fernando , de Araújo-Júnior João Xavier , da Silva-Júnior Edeildo Ferreira
Published: April 2022

Infections caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affect around 70 million people
worldwide, leading to serious liver problems, such as fibrosis, steatosis, and cirrhosis, in addition
to progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma and becoming globally the main cause of liver disease.
Despite great therapeutic advances in obtaining pan-genotypic direct-acting antivirals (DAAs),
around 5-10% of affected individuals are unable to eliminate the virus by their own immune system’s
activity. Still, there are no licensed vaccines so far. In this context, the orchestrated process
of virus entry into host cells is a crucial step in the life cycle and the infectivity capability of most
viruses. In recent years, the entry of viruses has become one of the main druggable targets used
for designing effective antiviral molecules. This goal has come to be widely studied to develop
pharmacotherapeutic strategies against HCV, combined or not with DAAs in multitarget approaches.
Among the inhibitors found in the literature, ITX 5061 corresponds to the most effective
one, with EC50 and CC50 values of 0.25 nM and >10 μM (SI: 10,000), respectively. This SRBI
antagonist completed the phase I trial, constituting a promising compound against HCV. Interestingly,
chlorcyclizine (an antihistamine drug) showed action both in E1 apolipoproteins (EC50
and CC50 values of 0.0331 and 25.1 μM, respectively), as well as in NPC1L1 (IC50 and CC50 values
of 2.3 nM and > 15 μM, respectively). Thus, this review will discuss promising inhibitors targeting
HCV entry, discussing their SAR analyzes, recent contributions, and advances in this field.
Recent Updates on the Anticancer Activity of Quinoxaline Hybrids (Jan.
2017-Jan. 2022)
Authors: Feng Lian-Shun , Gao Chuan , Liu Fa-Wu , Wang Xiao-Ping , Zhang Zhi-Liu
Published: April 2022

Cancer being one of the leading causes of death among non-communicable diseases, has already posed a heavy burden on the world health system. Chemotherapy is one of the most effec-tive approaches for cancer treatment, but multidrug resistance, lack of efficacy, and toxic side ef-fects hamper efficacious cancer chemotherapy, creating an urgent need to develop novel, more ef-fective and less toxic anticancer therapeutics. Quinoxalines, as fascinating structures, constitute an important class of heterocycles in drug discovery. Quinoxaline hybrids could exert anticancer ac-tivity through diverse mechanisms and possess profound in vitro and in vivo efficacy against vari-ous cancers, including multidrug-resistant forms. Thus, quinoxaline hybrids represent useful tem-plates for the control and eradication of cancer. The purpose of the present review article is to pro-vide an emphasis on the recent developments (Jan. 2017-Jan. 2022) in quinoxaline hybrids with in-sights into their in vitro and in vivo anticancer potential as well as structure-activity relationships (SARs) to facilitate further rational design of more effective candidates.
Implications of COVID-19 to Stroke Medicine: An Epidemiological and
Pathophysiological Perspective
Authors: King Alan , Doyle Karen M.
Published: April 2022

The neurological complications of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) including stroke have
been documented in the recent literature. COVID-19-related inflammation is suggested to contribute to
both a hypercoagulable state and haemorrhagic transformation, including in younger individuals.
COVID-19 is associated with a heightened risk of ischaemic stroke. Haemorrhagic stroke in COVID-19
patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST)
accounts for <1% of stroke cases in the general population but has come to heightened public attention
due to the increased risk associated with adenoviral COVID-19 vaccines. However, recent evidence
suggests the prevalence of stroke is less in vaccinated individuals than in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients.
This review evaluates the current evidence of COVID-19-related ischaemic and haemorrhagic
stroke, with a focus on current epidemiology and inflammatory-linked pathophysiology in the field of
vascular neurology and stroke medicine.
Plasma Free Amino Acid Profile in HIV-Positive Cases
Authors: Binici Irfan , Alp Hamit Hakan , Karsen Hasan , Koyuncu Ismail , Gonel Ataman , Çelik Hakim , Karahocagil Mustafa Kasım
Published: April 2022

Background:

Increasing the sensitivity and availability of liquid chromatography tandem
mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) devices may provide advantages in terms of revealing the
changes in metabolic pathways in HIV-positive patients and elucidating the physiopathology.

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to determine the difference in amino acid levels between
HIV-positive patients and healthy individuals by using LC-MS / MS and investigate its relationship
with HIV infection.

Material and Methods:

Concentrations of 36 different amino acids and their derivatives were
measured and compared in venous plasma samples from 24 HIV-positive patients and 24 healthy
individuals by using the LC-MS/MS method (Shimadzu North America, Columbia, MD, USA).

Results:

HIV-positive subjects had significantly lower alanine, 1-methyl-L-histidine, valine, aspartate,
cysteine, cystine, methionine, lysine, glutamine, imino acid, tyrosine, tryptophan, threonine,
sarcosine, and argininosuccinic acid and significantly higher 3-methyl-L -histidine, asparagine,
glutamate, and carnosine levels as compared to healthy controls. No significant differences were
detected in other amino acids.

Conclusion:

The significant differences in amino acid profile between HIV-positive and healthy
subjects may represent an auxiliary biomarker of cellular damage in asymptomatic HIV-positive patients
that may be examined in more detail in further studies. It may also provide guidance for
symptomatic cases in terms of the association between symptoms, clinical manifestations, and deficiency
or excess of certain amino acids in the context of the complete metabolomics record of HIVpositive
patients.
Artificial Sweeteners: Perceptions and Realities
Authors: Samreen Habiba , Dhaneshwar Suneela
Published: April 2022

Artificial sweeteners (AS) were first introduced as food additives or sugar substitutes
more than a century ago with the intention of supplying sweet taste without the high caloric content
of sugar. AS are employed in place of sucrose (table sugar) with the view of providing sweetness
to foodstuffs and bottled drinks. The end-users, along with producers of canned food and drinks,
have long been captivated by the idea of replacing sugar in food items with AS. Foods that use AS
in place of sugar have become increasingly common during the past decade. Artificial sugars are
normally many folds sweeter than normal sugar possessing low or zero calories, which confers to
their public appeal for the management of overweight issues. Due to this, they are, at present, employed
by many individuals all over the world, without knowing the potential hazards associated
with them. The use of AS in obese, diabetic, and/or heart patients or patients with metabolic syndrome
has been approved with caution by The American Heart Association and American Diabetes
Association (ADA) as a low-calorie option for normal sugar. Judicious use of sugar substitutes can
help in maintaining blood glucose, calories and body weight, thus automatically minimizing the
risk factors of diabetes and heart disease. Since the day of their discovery and approval, their safety
issue has been quite controversial and debated extensively. The article follows an exhaustive review
discussing the history, uses, and chemical features of a wide variety of sweeteners with a focus
on their association with diabetes and potential adverse effects on the body.
Microbiological Quality of Unpeeled Fruits Sold in the Local Market of
Tangail District, Bangladesh, and Assessment of Health Impacts
Authors: Mahmud Shahin , Ali Md. Rayhan , Islam Safaiatul , Faruque Md. Omar , Ali Md. Firoz , Suha Fausiya Zaman , Islam Md. Tarikul , Wasim Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Fruits are good source of vitamins, nutrients, minerals, micronutrients, and fiber. However, fruits are usually eaten uncooked and this is hazardous for health as fruits are highly susceptible to microbial contamination during harvesting or postharvest processing.

Methods:

Nine fruits that we usually eat without peeling were tested by applying different standard microbiological methods. Biochemical and antibiogram tests were performed to confirm bacterial isolates and antibiotic-resistant patterns, respectively. We also performed an anthropometric assessment to evaluate if local common fruits caused any prevalent digestive disorders.

Results:

The highest Total Viable Count (TVC) was found in guava (1.95×105 CFU/gm), whereas the highest Total Coliform Count (TCC) was in grape (3.39×104 CFU/g). The mean value of TVC of all fruits was 7.112×103 CFU/g and TCC was 6.02×102 CFU/g, respectively. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Vibrio spp. were confirmed by biochemical tests. Antibiogram study shows that these bacterial isolates were resistant to commercially available antibiotics. E. coli isolates were resistant to penicillin (73.3%); Salmonella spp. Isolates were resistant to Penicillin (80%), and Amoxicillin (80%). In case of Vibrio spp. isolates, they were resistant to Penicillin (66.67%), Amoxicillin and Erythromycin (60%). The anthropometric assessment showed that acidity occurred more frequently than abdominal pain and digestive disorder among the correspondents. In the case of both male and female respondents, black plum and apple were mostly responsible for gastric acidity and the frequencies were 41% to 45%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Fruit is a natural source of vitamins and minerals essential for our health, at the same time steps must be taken to ensure that they are free from pathogenic microbes. Therefore, public awareness is necessary for proper hygiene and good health.
Safety and Efficacy of Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffolds in Coronary Bifurcation
Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alsinbili Ahmed , O’Nunain Sean , Butler Ceri
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Coronary bifurcation lesions (CBL) are one fifth of all coronary lesions
and they do not have an optimal strategy for stenting yet. Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) are novel
inventions proposed to be the optimal solution. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the
role of BRS in treating CBL by comparing it to dedicated bifurcation stents (DBS).

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, searching databases
such as ScienceDirect, EMBASE, MEDLINE, NIH, TRIP, PUBMED, and ClinicalTrials.
gov. The risk of bias was assessed by MINORS and modified Cowley’s criteria. Q statistic was
used for heterogeneity testing and a meta-analysis was conducted using the “meta” package in the
R software application.

Results:

Fourteen studies were included with an average follow-up period of twelve months. Almost
80% of the participants were male (p-value= 0.148) and around two-thirds were smokers.
Meta-analysis was performed for myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularisation (TLR),
major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and stent thrombosis (ST). These showed statistically nonsignificant
differences, with a slight trend favouring BRS except with stent thrombosis.

Conclusion::

There is a lack of randomised trials on the topic, which may be an area for further research.
But the results showed favourable yet statistically insignificant outcomes for BRS except
for ST, an issue that can be addressed with technological advancement.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Khansari Nakisa , Salehi Amir Mohammad
Published: April 2022

Background:

Idiopathic pulmonary artery aneurysm is a rare disorder that has been reported
in less than 50 cases. This complication is often asymptomatic, while the first manifestation
can be severe hemoptysis or death.

Case Presentation:

A 36-year-old man presented to our institute with hemoptysis and fever. Dilated
pulmonary artery trunk (5.5 cm) and the left pulmonary artery branch (6.90 cm) were discovered
during a computed tomography angiogram scan in the patient's chest region. Therefore, the
patient was diagnosed with a pulmonary artery aneurysm. According to the results of the tests requested
for the patient, the cause of the patient's pulmonary artery aneurysm was not determined.
Therefore, an idiopathic pulmonary artery aneurysm was proposed for the patient.

Conclusion:

Idiopathic pulmonary artery aneurysm poses a double diagnostic and therapeutic problem.
The rarity of the disease, and the absence of specific clinical signs make diagnosis difficult.
Complete Cervicouterine Dissociation After Repeat Cesarean Sections: A
Case Report
Authors: Arslan Sevtap , Sarıkaya Yasin
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

The number of cesarean deliveries (CDs) has extremely increased in the last
decades. Although it is a common and relatively safe surgical procedure, there are several potential
complications. To the best of our knowledge, complete cervicouterine dissociation after several CDs
has not been reported before in the medical literature.

Case Report:

A 28-year-old woman with a history of 6 CDs presented with abdominal pain and vaginal
bleeding. The patient's most recent CD happened three weeks before the current presentation.
Transabdominal ultrasonography examination and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the absence
of continuity with the uterine cervix and corpus with associated pelvic hematoma. Laparotomy findings
confirmed the imaging findings, and the displaced uterine corpus was removed with the evacuation
of the associating pelvic hematoma.

Conclusion:

Uterine dehiscence and rupture are among the relatively common complications of CD.
Uterine rupture and dehiscence are focal disorders, and complete cervicouterine dissociation has not been
seen before. Multiple CDs are among the risk factors for complete cervicouterine dissociation, and
abnormal uterine bleeding is the most common symptom. Imaging findings allow a quick and definitive
diagnosis, and surgical intervention may be planned accordingly based on the imaging findings.
Recognition of Cervical Precancerous Lesions Based on Probability Distribution
Feature Guidance
Authors: Peng Yuanxiu , Liu Jun , Sun Xiaoxue , Li Rihui
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Cervical cancer is a high incidence of cancer in women and cervical precancerous
screening plays an important role in reducing the mortality rate.

Methods:

In this study, we proposed a multichannel feature extraction method based on the probability
distribution features of the acetowhite (AW) region to identify cervical precancerous lesions, with the
overarching goal to improve the accuracy of cervical precancerous screening. A k-means clustering
algorithm was first used to extract the cervical region images from the original colposcopy images. We
then used a deep learning model called DeepLab V3+ to segment the AW region of the cervical image
after the acetic acid experiment, from which the probability distribution map of the AW region after
segmentation was obtained. This probability distribution map was fed into a neural network classification
model for multichannel feature extraction, which resulted in the final classification performance.

Results:

Results of the experimental evaluation showed that the proposed method achieved an average
accuracy of 87.7%, an average sensitivity of 89.3%, and an average specificity of 85.6%. Compared
with the methods that did not add segmented probability features, the proposed method increased the
average accuracy rate, sensitivity, and specificity by 8.3%, 8%, and 8.4%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Overall, the proposed method holds great promise for enhancing the screening of cervical
precancerous lesions in the clinic by providing the physician with more reliable screening results that
might reduce their workload.
Oxygen Desorption by Graphene-Based Carbon Films Obtained Through Sublimation
Authors: Natalia Rozhkova N. , Anna Kovalchuk A. , Alexander Prikhodko V.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Nanocarbon materials are known as highly sensitive gas sensors when
compared to common solid-state sensors. This manuscript discusses graphene-based carbon films as
materials for a gas sensor operating at near room temperature.

Methods:

The structural characteristics of graphene-based carbon films on In2O3- and ITO- coated
substrates were studied by confocal laser microscopy, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Microwave
conductivity was measured by using a λ/4 coaxial resonator based on a symmetric two-wire line in
the frequency range 0.65 - 1.2 GHz and the temperature range 290-360 K.

Results:

The results obtained showed that films on In2O3 - and ITO-coated substrates desorb oxygen
from the various structural levels of graphene-based carbon, such as crystalline contacts between
globular nanoparticles and distorted graphene fragments. A correlation between the size of nanoparticles
in films and the desorption temperature was also revealed.

Conclusion:

Our studies have shown that thin films of natural graphene-based carbon are promising
as gas sensors. The possibility of varying characteristic oxygen desorption temperatures on different
substrates is discussed.
Overview of Drug Therapy of COVID-19 with Safety and the Potential
Clinical Benefits
Authors: Basnet Rajesh , Khadka Sandhya , Basnet Buddha Bahadur , Basnet Til Bahadur , Sapkota Sanjeep
Published: April 2022

The discovery and development of the drug/vaccine for Coronavirus Disease 2019
(COVID-19) is the process of developing a preventive vaccine or treatment drug to reduce the severity
of COVID-19. Internationally, hundreds of pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies, university
research groups, and the World Health Organization (WHO) have developed vaccines for the
past few centuries. Currently, they are continuously putting effort into developing possible therapies
for COVID-19 disease, which are now at various stages of the preclinical or clinical research stage. In
addition, researchers are trying to accelerate the development of vaccines, antiviral drugs, and postinfection
treatments. Many previously approved drug candidates are already studied to alleviate discomfort
during the disease complication. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of COVID-
19 therapeutic drugs.