bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recognizing the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and its mitigation (Preprint)
Authors: Bhatt Harshil , Singh Sandeep , Sunny Sijo
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Introduction:
COVID-19 pandemic, caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is arguably a rapidly evolving threat to all of humanity and overall global stability. It is evident from history that events like pandemics or large-scale disasters lead to increased risk of adverse mental health effects. The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 is presenting unprecedented challenges to all walks of life and is also likely to spark a widespread negative impact on mental health all around the world.
Objective:
The main purpose of this narrative review is to discuss the effect of COVID- 19 pandemic on mental health and possible methods to its recognition and mitigation.
Discussion:
The onset of this pandemic introduced a widespread fear and anxiety into individuals from all parts of society. In many respects, it has had a negative domino effect on mental health. The pervasive stay-at-home orders targeted to contain the spread of the infection has led to isolation which has further reduced outlet avenues for individuals from the difficult aspects of their lives and has planted the seeds for several issues. In some cases, the preventative measures even have led to surfacing of preexisting mental health challenges. At the same time, however, some groups of people with certain disorders such as social anxiety disorder, have benefitted from the control and prevention measures. Cognizance, detection, treatment, and prevention methodologies are needed to combat the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on depression in the population.
Conclusion:
COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented circumstances into the lives of individuals from all parts of the world. It has introduced devastation at multiple levels of society which has negatively impacted mental health of many individuals. The active discussion of this topic and more research into this field would allow members of mental health care providers to formulate new guidelines and recommendations to limit the impact of this pandemic on behavioral health.
Trends in telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a maternity telehealthcare program (Preprint)
Authors: Pickover Alison , Colaci Daniela S.
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Maternity-related telehealth has gained traction in recent years, and its adoption during the COVID-19 pandemic may solidify its place in routine prenatal and postpartum care. However, contemporary telehealth needs of pregnant and postpartum women are understudied.

OBJECTIVE

This study described telehealth use during the COVID-19 pandemic, using data collected by Maven Clinic, a virtual clinic for women and families.

METHODS

Virtual appointment data was examined for a subset of pregnant and postpartum women (N = 960) who were enrolled in Maven Clinic’s pregnancy program between 2019 and 2020. Trends in telehealth use, between February and May 2020, were quantified as percent change in appointments, and normalized appointments, scheduled in successive months. Trends were also stratified by women’s stage of pregnancy when appointments were scheduled (first, second, or third trimester, or postpartum) and by parity (primiparous or multiparous when starting with Maven Clinic). Change in total appointments, and in doula, lactation consultant, mental health, and OB/GYN appointments were examined.

RESULTS

Virtual appointments spiked in the early months of the pandemic and remained elevated and stable through May 2020. Mental health needs were ubiquitous. Use of other services varied by stage of pregnancy. Telehealth use was particularly popular with primiparous women, although multiparous women also increased their use of many telehealth services.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest acute and sustained desire for maternity-related telehealth services. As of May 2020, demand remained high for virtual appointments with OB/GYNs among women in their first trimester, and for doulas and lactation consultants among women nearer delivery. Trends in virtual mental health appointments suggest that demand for maternal mental healthcare may rise in the next year.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Revealing Opinions for COVID-19 Questions Using a Context Retriever, Opinion Aggregator, and Question-Answering Model: Model Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lu Zhao-Hua , Wang Jade Xiaoqing , Li Xintong
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 has challenged global public health because it is highly contagious and can be lethal. Numerous ongoing and recently published studies about the disease have emerged. However, the research regarding COVID-19 is largely ongoing and inconclusive.

OBJECTIVE

A potential way to accelerate COVID-19 research is to use existing information gleaned from research into other viruses that belong to the coronavirus family. Our objective is to develop a natural language processing method for answering factoid questions related to COVID-19 using published articles as knowledge sources.

METHODS

Given a question, first, a BM25-based context retriever model is implemented to select the most relevant passages from previously published articles. Second, for each selected context passage, an answer is obtained using a pretrained bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) question-answering model. Third, an opinion aggregator, which is a combination of a biterm topic model and k-means clustering, is applied to the task of aggregating all answers into several opinions.

RESULTS

We applied the proposed pipeline to extract answers, opinions, and the most frequent words related to six questions from the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge. By showing the longitudinal distributions of the opinions, we uncovered the trends of opinions and popular words in the articles published in the five time periods assessed: before 1990, 1990-1999, 2000-2009, 2010-2018, and since 2019. The changes in opinions and popular words agree with several distinct characteristics and challenges of COVID-19, including a higher risk for senior people and people with pre-existing medical conditions; high contagion and rapid transmission; and a more urgent need for screening and testing. The opinions and popular words also provide additional insights for the COVID-19–related questions.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with other methods of literature retrieval and answer generation, opinion aggregation using our method leads to more interpretable, robust, and comprehensive question-specific literature reviews. The results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method in answering COVID-19–related questions with main opinions and capturing the trends of research about COVID-19 and other relevant strains of coronavirus in recent years.
Online Health Information Seeking Using “#COVID-19 Patient Seeking Help” on Weibo in Wuhan, China: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhao Xiaoman , Fan Ju , Basnyat Iccha , Hu Baijing
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

First detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic stretched the medical system in Wuhan and posed a challenge to the state’s risk communication efforts. Timely access to quality health care information during outbreaks of infectious diseases can be effective to curtail the spread of disease and feelings of anxiety. Although existing studies have extended our knowledge about online health information–seeking behavior, processes, and motivations, rarely have the findings been applied to an outbreak. Moreover, there is relatively little recent research on how people in China are using the internet for seeking health information during a pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore how people in China are using the internet for seeking health information during a pandemic. Drawing on previous research of online health information seeking, this study asks the following research questions: how was the “#COVID-19 Patient Seeking Help” hashtag being used by patients in Wuhan seeking health information on Weibo at the peak of the outbreak? and what kinds of health information were patients in Wuhan seeking on Weibo at the peak of the outbreak?

METHODS

Using entity identification and textual analysis on 10,908 posts on Weibo, we identified 1496 patients with COVID-19 using “#COVID-19 Patient Seeking Help” and explored their online health information–seeking behavior.

RESULTS

The curve of the hashtag posting provided a dynamic picture of public attention to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many patients faced difficulties accessing offline health care services. In general, our findings confirmed that the internet is used by the Chinese public as an important source of health information. The lockdown policy was found to cut off the patients’ social support network, preventing them from seeking help from family members. The ability to seek information and help online, especially for those with young children or older adult members during the pandemic. A high proportion of female users were seeking health information and help for their parents or for older adults at home. The most searched information included accessing medical treatment, managing self-quarantine, and offline to online support.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, the findings contribute to our understanding of health information–seeking behaviors during an outbreak and highlight the importance of paying attention to the information needs of vulnerable groups and the role social media may play.
Application of Remote Sensing in Identifying and Mapping of Exposed Rock Massifs, Potential Quarry Sites in Yaounde-Cameroon
Authors: Kah Elvis , Adama Amaya , Ndi Roland
Published: July 2020

Since 2018, Cameroon opted for an aggressive mineral exploration in order to attain the status of an emerging country by 2035. Thus, any surface and sub-surface resources found important has to be valorised. This study therefore seeks to contribute towards the drive to an emerging nation initiative through the identification and mapping of exposed rock massifs in the city of Yaounde using Remote sensing techniques. The fieldwork constituted of locating the geographic coordinates of some rock outcrops with the GPS, projecting the samples on the a geo-referenced satellite image using GIS software (ArcGIS) and simulating the spectral behaviour of those spots to those of similar reflectance in order to conclude as the targets. This was then treated in GIS software for proper mapping to be done. The study revealed that Yaounde is actually endowed with enormous exposed rock massifs which can actually be valorised for construction works. Some of the exposed rocks are surrounded by vegetation especially at the outskirts of the city, others are actually engulfed within built-up areas with difficult accessibility while others could only be exposed on excavated areas for construction. Some are already under exploitation while others are not. Some of the rock outcrops were spotted of shallow extensions while others are small in surface areas but project deep down the soil. These results are of importance for use by quarry companies and the government of Cameroon through its Ministry of mines for onward allocation of exploitation permits.
High Wisdom Intelligence-Discussion Education of High Wisdom Intelligence
Authors: Ma Wen , Zhu Yaqin , Li Chunli , Zhang Bo , Tian Xin
Published: July 2020

The number of talented persons who are equipped with high wisdom intelligence will immediately determine the quality of humankind’s entire life, and the future trend for humankind’s innovation and creation in fields such as thinking, cognition, society, politics, economy, military, science, arts, culture, and so on. Meanwhile, it protects the harmonious development of various fields. By illustrating the meanings of applying high wisdom intelligence in the survival and prosperity for each nation, ethnicity and individual, this article has a significant application to the understanding of educational studies of high wisdom intelligence.
Prediction of Whole Pork Loin and Individual Chops’ Intramuscular Fat Using Computer Vision System Technology
Authors: Liu Jeng-Hung , Newman David J. , Young Jennifer M. , Sun Xin
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study was to compare different methods of evaluating intramuscular fat (IMF) in pork and test the accuracy of using a computer vision system (CVS) on different locations of the loin. Whole pork loins (n = 1,400) were obtained from 6 pork processing plants. Subjective marbling scores and CVS IMF percentage (CVS IMF%) were assessed on the ventral lean surface of the whole loin and the 3rd (A) and 10th (B) rib chops. Additionally, the A and B chops were evaluated for crude fat percentage (CF%) using ether extract. The CF% of the whole loin was represented by using the average CF% of A and B chops. A combination of the bootstrap method and stepwise regression models was used to increase prediction and robustness for CF% prediction. To better understand whether plants played an effect, models for individual plants and using all plants together were built, tested, and compared. Results were that subjective marbling score had stronger correlations with CF% compared to CVS IMF% for the whole loin (0.70 vs. 0.58), A chop (0.79 vs.0.62), and B chop (0.74 vs. 0.61). When using the stepwise regression models to predict CF%, B chop (71.8%) had the highest prediction accuracy (estimates within 0.5% residual compared to CF% were considered accurate) followed by A chop (58.1%) and whole loin (48.2%). When comparing individual plant models and overall models, the overall accuracy improved; however, this improvement in accuracy was not consistent through every single plant. In conclusion, CVS has shown potential to estimate pork IMF on all locations, especially the posterior pork chop.
Translingualism as Creative Revolt: Rewriting Dominant Narratives of Translingual Literature
Authors: Williams Hannah Tate
Published: July 2020

This essay traces the global development of translingual literature in order to confront the pervasive myth of the monolingual paradigm which insists that meaningful interaction can only occur in one language at a time in a given context. This paper shows that this Eurocentric mindset persists in translingual literature, negatively affecting critical accounts of translingual authors whose work falls outside of monolingual parameters. It offers a more appropriate account of a few of these authors, who use their writing to actively work against the monolingual paradigm and promote linguistic diversity. These authors employ translingualism as a necessary tool of identity expression, refusing to reshape themselves to the standards of a monolingual cultural purity. By prioritizing their own hybrid voices, translingual authors put the onus of comprehension on their readers, inverting the paradigm of monolingualism by denying easy access to the monolingual reader. It will focus especially on Mexican-American author Sandra Cisneros, whose hybrid identity is a driving force in her work, and who uses translingualism especially in her poetry, to fully express her dual identity.
Creative Agency in The Scarlet Letter
Authors: Byer Tia
Published: July 2020

This article provides a critical analysis of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s employment of artistic defiance in The Scarlet Letter. In reading Hester Prynne’s artistic ability and theological dissent as tools of creative resistance, the article claims that Hawthorne uses self-expression to critique Puritan values. When Hester redesigns the symbol of the scarlet letter A that she is forced to wear as a punishment for the sin of committing adultery, the act of sewing becomes a transgressive form of resistance. By examining the way in which she transforms her symbol of shame into an expression of autonomy, I trace the spiritual significance of Hester’s resistance and Hawthorne’s statement of individualism as reflecting the Transcendentalist rhetoric of early nineteenth-century New England. Hester’s ability to transcend institutional authority to create an independent identity, in turn, cultivates an independent relationship with God. Finally, I read Hawthorne’s own parallel creative struggle as author as a metaphor for national independent identity that can be contextualised within the American Renaissance.
Can the Young Adults Speak? Poetry from the Sunflower and Umbrella Movements
Authors: Li Wen-chi
Published: July 2020

This article explores political aspirations of young adults of Taipei and Hong Kong by analysing the poems written during the Sunflower Movement and the Umbrella Movement. Poetry is a vehicle to convey ideas to the audience. Reading these poems from Taipei and Hong Kong, one can notice several distinctive characteristics. First, the poets have established a broad dichotomy: the upper and the lower, violence and resistance, eloquence and silence, lies and truth, and hypocrisy and morality. Second, poetry is a field for multiplicity. Focusing more on everyday practices, sometimes vulgar, filthy, and obscene, these poems correspond to Bakhtin’s theory of carnival in which wordplay, mimicry, and irony open a space for renewal and rebirth. Additionally, Derrida’s concept of dissemination can help to examine the linguistic slippage that indirectly subverts authority. After investigating protest poetry, the author asks if the young adults can speak. The youth’s voices can definitely be heard when it comes to the concept of “the democracy to come”. The “democracy to come,” conceptualised by Derrida to replace the notion of the future, cannot be reduced to a simple idea, but remains unpredictable, so as to allow itself always to be full of possibilities.
Resisting Monosexism: Representations of Bisexuality in Literature
Authors: Heffers Audrey T
Published: July 2020

In a New York Times review of James Baldwin’s 1968 novel Tell Me How Long the Train’s Been Gone, Mario Puzo writes that “A propaganda novel may be socially valuable… but it is not art.” Puzo’s claim is a function of what creative writing pedagogy scholar Janelle Adsit calls “the particular privilege that comes with a denial of marginalization.” Assumptions of rigid binaries that categorise people as either hetero- or homosexual, a phenomenon that scholar Kenji Yoshino calls “the epistemic contract of bisexual erasure,” create and reinforce harmful ideas about bisexuality. Bisexual representation in literature can operate as a creative resistance to the status quo, undermining the alleged necessity for a rigid binary system of sexuality. From James Baldwin’s 1968 Tell Me How Long the Train’s Been Gone to Jen Wilde’s 2017 Queens of Geek, this article traces representations of bisexuality in literature, with special attention to the ways in which bisexuality is demonstrated, described, and labelled in literature. However, while acknowledging the problematic representations of bisexuality in older fiction, such as Radclyffe Hall’s 1928 The Well of Loneliness, this paper resists a narrative of pure progress of bisexual representation, examining both problematic and nuanced representations in contemporary literature.
On Representing ‘Doubly Othered’ Gay, Black Subjects
Authors: Muldoon Aaron
Published: July 2020

In this essay, I explore what happens to our conventional understanding of ‘othering’ when subjects are not just othered on one count, but on two: in this case, on account of both their blackness and their homosexuality. Focusing specifically on the case of artist subjects, I demonstrate that this process of double othering has significant bearing on the interpretation of these subjects’ artworks. Thereby to provide a more adequate model for approaching these subjects and their work, I propose expanding Homi Bhabha’s conception of cultural hybrids to account for these subjects’ sexuality too. In order to lend support to this expanded concept of hybridity – and to provide an example of its application to the context of artistic production – I consider the work of the Nigerian-born photographer Rotimi Fani-Kayode. I draw attention to the complexity of the theoretical framework required to sufficiently capture all the processes at work in determining how both he and his artwork are perceived in a post-colonial context. In doing so, I aim to lend support to the contention that the cultural production of those in similarly ‘doubly othered’ social situations as Fani-Kayode is best understood within the context of this expanded concept of hybridity.
On Disruption
Authors: Lawrenson Dorothy
Published: July 2020

On Disruption
Perkembangan Metamorphosis Lalat Buah (Drosophilla Melanogaster) Pada Media Biakan Alami Sebagai Referensi Pembelajaran Pada Matakuliah Perkembangan Hewan
Authors: Agustina Elita , Mahdi Nursalmi , Herdanawati Herdanawati
Published: July 2020

Metamofosis adalah keseluruhan rangkaian perubahan bentuk dan ukuran sejak telur sampai menjadi dewasa (imago). Perkembangan metamorphosis sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Pada lalat buah (Drosophilla melanogaster) proses perkembangan metamorphosis sangat dipengaruhi oleh media biakannya. Media biakan ini selain tempat hidup lalat buah juga sebagai sumber makanan dari mulai larva hingga imago. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media biakan alami terhadap metamorphosis lalat buah (Drosophilla melanogaster) serta untuk menyediakan referensi pembelajaran pada matakuliah Pekembangan Hewan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi (Unit Mikrobiologi) Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Ar-Raniry. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) lama waktu (hari) yang dibutuhkan telur menjadi larva, larva menjadi pupa, pupa menjadi dewasa. (2) Suhu dan kelembaban. (3) Analisis kandungan nutrisi pada nanas dan pepaya. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif dalam bentuk narasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses metamorfosis pada media biakan pepaya lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan media biakan nanas. Perbedaan terjadi pada fase penetasan telur. Pada media biakan papaya metamorfosis terjadi selama 7 hari, sedangkan pada media biakan nanas terjadi selama 8 hari.

Kata Kunci: Media Biakan Alami, Metamorphosis dan Lalat Buah

Metamorphosis is the overall of transformation cycle and size from the egg until adult (imago). The growth of metamorphosis very influenced by various factors. For fruitfly (Drosophilla melanogaster), the growth process of metamorphosis was very influenced by its breeding media. This Breeding media besides used as the place to live in for fruitfly, it is also as the source of food for larva to imago. This research were intended to know the influence of natural breeding media to fruitfly metamorphosis (Drosophilla melanogaster) and to provide study reference for Growth of Animal course. This Research have been executed in Biological Laboratory (Microbiological Unit) Faculty of Tarbiyah of IAIN Ar-Raniry. This research used descriptive method. The parameters used in this research were: 1). time spent (day) for egg to become larva, larva to become pupa and pupa to become adult. 2). Temperature and humidity. 3). Analysis of nutritious from pineapple and papaya. The data of this research were analyzed descriptively. The results indicated that the process of metamorphosis was quiker at breeding media of papaya than pineapple one. The difference occurred at the phase of egg hatching. At the breeding media of papaya, the metamorphosis occurred in 7 days, while at pineapple breeding media, it occurred in 8 days.

Keywords: Natural Breeding Media, Metamorphosis and Fruitfly
Perbedaan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Melalui Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Laboratorium Virtual Pada Konsep Sistem Pernapasan Manusia Di SMA Negeri Unggul Sigli
Authors: Fonna Teuku Musreza , Adlim Adlim , Ali S Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa melalui pembelajaran konvensional dan penggunaan media laboratorium laboratorium virtual pada konsep sistem pernapasan manusia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-postest control group design. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI semester dua berjumlah 50 orang siswa SMA yaitu 25 orang kelas XI.A dan 25 orang kelas XI.B di SMA Negeri Unggul Sigli Kabupaten Pidie. Pembelajaran di kelas eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan media (software) virtual lab, sedangkan kelas kontrol diterapkan pembelajaran konvensional dan masing-masing kelas digunakan model Pembelajaran Langsung. Efektifitas penerapan Laboratorium virtual terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dianalisis dengan menggunakan tes berupa uraian yang dilakukan dengan uji-t (Independent Samples t-Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa thit. 5,507 > ttab. 2,011. Dengan demikian, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan penerapan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media laboratorium virtual terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada konsep sistem pernapasan manusia.

Kata Kunci: Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Laboratorium Virtual, dan Sistem Pernapasan Manusia

This research aims to determine the differences in critical thinking skills of students who taking conventional learning and virtual labs on the concept of the human breathing system. The method used is an experimental method by design pretest-posttest control group design. The research population is high school students at class XI in the second semester of school time. Two classes with 25 students each were chosen purposively for experiment and control class. The experimental classed was taught by using learning media of virtual laboratory software, while the control class was taught with conventional learning and both classes were applied the Direct Instruction Model. Pretest and posttest on critical thinking skills and cognitive learning outcomes of the students in both classes were compared and analyzed by using a test; essay and multiple-choice performed with t-test (Independent Samples t-Test). The results showed that there was significant improvement of critical thinking skills (tcount 5, 507 > ttable 2,011) students that learned through media of virtual laboratory software. Thus, there is a significant difference in the application of virtual laboratory software on students' critical thinking skills on the concept of the human breathing system.

Keywords: Critical Thinking Skills, Virtual Laboratory, and The Human Breathing System
Komposisi Komunitas Cacing Tanah Pada Lahan Pertanian Organik Dan Anorganik Di Desa Raya Kecamatan Berastagi Kabupaten Karo
Authors: Jayanthi Sri , Widhiastuti Retno , Jumilawaty Erni
Published: July 2020

Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Raya, Kecamatan Berastagi, Kabupaten Karo, Sumatera Utara dan di Laboratorium Sistematika Hewan Depatermen Biologi, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan pada bulan januari - februari 2013. Penelitian dilakukan secara purposive random sampling dengan menggunakan metode kuadrat dan hand sorting. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 1 spesies famili Glocossicidae (P. corethrurus) dan 3 spesies famili Megascolidae (Amynthas sp., Megascolex sp. dan Pheretima sp.). Kepadatan cacing tanah pada pertanian organik (128,000 ind/m2) dan anorganik (73,600 ind/m2). Ada perbedaan komposisi komunitas cacing tanah pada lahan pertanian organik (Pheretima sp. 50,833%, P. corethrurus 40,000%, Amynthas sp. 7,500%, Megascolex sp. 1,667%) dan anorganik (P. corethrurus 49,275%, Pheretima sp. 46,377%, Amynthas sp. 4,384%). P. corethrurus dan Pheretima sp. merupakan jenis cacing tanah yang karakteristik pada lahan pertanian organik dan anorganik.

Kata Kunci: Anorganik, Cacing Tanah, Kabupaten Karo, Komunitas dan Organik

ABSTRACT

This study had been done in Raya subdistrict, Berastagi district, Karo, Sumatera Utara in Animal Systematics Laboratory of Biology Department University of Sumatera Utara on January to February 2013. The sample for this study taken by purposive random sampling using the least squares and hand sorting method. The results of the research found that there were one family of Glocossicidae (namely species P. corethrurus) and 3 species of family Megascolidae (namely: Amynthas sp., Megascolex sp., and Pheretima sp.). The density of eartworm in organic farming was 128,000 ind/m2 and in inorganic one was 73,600 ind/m2. There were differences in community composition of earthworms on organic farms, they were Pheretima sp. 50,833%, P. corethrurus 40,000%, Amynthas sp. 7,500%, Megascolex sp. 1,667%, meanwhile, in inorganic farms were P. corethrurus 49,275%, Pheretima sp. 46,377%, Amynthas sp. 4,348%. P. corethrurus and Pheretima sp. were the characteristic of earthworms species in organic and inorganic agricultural land.

Keywords: Community, Earthworms, Inorganic and Organic
Penerapan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) Berbasis Multimedia Terhadap Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMAN 1 Sakti Kabupaten Pidie Pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan Manusia
Authors: Juwita Cut Nisna , Samingan Samingan , Sarong M. Ali
Published: July 2020

Penelitian yang berjudul â€œPenerapan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) Berbasis Multimedia Terhadap Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMAN 1 Sakti Kabupaten Pidie Pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan Manusiaâ€ telah dilakukan pada tanggal 22 April sampai dengan tanggal 18 Mei 2013 di SMA Negeri 1 Sakti Kabupaten Pidie. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan berpikir kritis siswa antara kelas yang menggunakan model tipe STAD berbasis multimedia dengan kelas konvensional pada siswa kelas XI-IPA di SMAN 1 Sakti Kabupaten Pidie pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuasi eksperimen dengan desain kontrol grup tes awal dan tes akhir. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan siswa kelas XI yang berjumlah 176 siswa, sampelnya sebanyak 60 siswa yang dibagi menjadi dua kelas, yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes untuk menilai keterampilan berpikir kritis. Parameter penelitian ini adalah keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji t pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan berpikir kritis siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan kooperatif STAD berbasis multimedia dengan konvensional. Keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berbasis multimedia lebih baik daripada keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa yang diajarkan dengan model konvensional.

Kata Kunci: STAD, Multimedia, Berpikir kritis, dan Sistem Pernapasan Manusia.

A study entitled "The application of Cooperative Learning Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) of Multimedia -Based toward Critical Thinking of SMAN 1 Sakti Pidie Students in the material of Human Respiratory System" has been conducted since April 22 until May 18, 2013. This study was aiming at finding out the differences of studentsâ€™ critical thinking between the class that used STAD models based on multimedia and the conventional one. This study was conducted in Science Class grade XI of SMAN 1 Sakti Pidie district in the material of human respiratory system. This study used a quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test control group design. The population of this study was all of students class XI for about 176 students. Meanwhile, the samples were 60 students that were divided into two classes, namely experimental class and control one. The instrument used in this study was a test of critical thinking skills. The data then analyzed by using t-test at the significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the critical thinking skill of students who learned by cooperative STAD using multimedia -based was better than those who learned by using conventional one.

Keyword: STAD, Multimedia, Critical Thinking, and The Human Respiratory System.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Materi Pengklasifikasian Phylum Arthropoda Melalui Model Pembelajaran Langsung (Direct Instruction)
Authors: Fakhrah Fakhrah , Muhibbuddin Muhibbuddin , Sarong M. Ali
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konsep dan keterampilan proses sains siswa yang diajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung (Direct Instruction) dengan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi pengklasifikasian phylum arthropoda. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain kontrol grup tes awal dan tes akhir. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada kelas X1 menggunakan model pembelajaran direct instruction dan kelas X2 menggunakan model konvensional. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes pemahaman konsep, keterampilan proses sains dan angket. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan tes kemampuan awal siswa (pretes), tes kemampuan akhir siswa (postes), data peningkatan pemahaman konsep dan keterampilan proses sains (N-Gain), dan data tanggapan siswa terhadap model pembelajaran direct instruction yang diukur dengan angket. Hasil uji statistik untuk pemahaman konsep diperoleh hasil t-hitung 5,734, sedangkan untuk keterampilan proses sains diperoleh hasil t-hitung 24,90 dengan nilai t-tabel 1,645. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep dan keterampilan proses sains siswa yang diajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran direct instruction dengan siswa yang diajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional.

Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Langsung (Direct Instruction), Pemahaman Konsep, dan Keterampilan Proses Sains.

This study aimed at improving studentsâ€™ understanding of science concepts and processing skills by implementing Direct Instruction model and conventional learning model on the classification of the phylum arthropods material. This study used experimental method with pre-test and post-test control group design. It has been conducted at class X1 as experimental class (implementing Direct Instruction) and class X2 as control class (implementing conventional learning model). The data were collected by pre-test and post-test, and also test of science processing skills as well as questionnaires. The improvement of studentsâ€™ understanding of science concepts and processing skills were analyzed by using N-Gain, while the data of studentsâ€™ response toward the implementation of direct instruction were measured by using questionnaire. The result of t-test for studentsâ€™ understanding of the concept was 5.734, whereas for science processing skills the t-test was 24.90 with the t-table 1.645. The conclusion was that there was improvement on studentsâ€™ understanding of science concepts and processing skills that were taught by using direct instruction model compare to those who were taught by using conventional learning model.

Keyword: Direct Instruction, Understanding Concepts and Science Processing Skills
Analisis Kualitas Aspek Materi Butir Soal Buatan Dosen
Authors: Taib Eva Nauli
Published: July 2020

Ujian Akhir Semester di perguruan tinggi adalah salah satu bentuk uji kompetensi mahasiswa yang bertujuan sebagai salah satu komponen penentu kelulusan dan nilai akhir mahasiswa pada mata kuliah yang ditempuh. Tahun akademik 2013/2014 menjadi sorotan beberapa pihak tentang kualitas soal buatan dosen yang dianggap masih jauh dari kata â€œberbobotâ€. Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti ingin mencoba melihat kualitas aspek materi butir soal buatan dosen pada soal akhir semester Tahun Akademik 2013/2014 tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian mix method gabungan penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis melalui teknik dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini silabus dan naskah soal buatan dosen sebanyak 80 soal dari 7 mata kuliah, terdiri dari 53 soal bentuk pilihan ganda dan 27 soal uraian yang diujikan pada tahun akademik 2013/2014. Sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah kualitas soal buatan dosen FTK UIN Ar-Ranniry dari aspek materi. Instrumen pengumpulan data adalah lembar pedoman telaah soal dari aspek materi, serta peneliti sendiri sebagai human instrument.sebagai penganalisis kualitas soal tersebut. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kualitas butir soal buatan dosen FTK pada soal Ujian Akhir Semester Tahun Akademik 2013/2014 dari aspek materi termasuk dalam kategori baik.

Kata Kunci: Analisis Kualitas Soal, dan Soal Buatan Dosen

Final exams in college is one of the forms of student competency test aimed as one component of a determinant of graduation and the student's final grades in courses taken. The academic year 2013/2014 was highlighted several parties about the quality of the artificial about professors who were deemed to be away from the word "good". Based on this problem the researchers want to see the quality of the material aspects of artificial items test of lecturer at final exams at the 2013/2014 academic year. This study used a mixed method research approach combined quantitative and qualitative research with descriptive method of analysis through documentation techniques. Subjects in this study syllabus and text artificial about 80 lecturers matter of 7 courses, consisting of 53 questions and 27 multiple choice questions that tested the description in the academic year 2013/2014. While the object of this research is a matter of quality artificial FTK faculty UIN Ar-Ranniry of the material aspect. Data collection instrument was a sheet about the study guidelines of the material aspects, as well as the researchers themselves as human instrument.sebagai about the quality analyzer. The analysis shows the quality of lecturers FTK-made items in a matter of Final Examination Semester, Academic Year 2013/2014 of the material aspects included in both categories.

Keyword: Analysis of Quality Problems, and Artificial Matter Lecturer
ORCHIDACEAE PULAU RUBIAH KOTA MADYA SABANG PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: , Djufri , , Hasanuddin , , Fauzi
Published: July 2020

This study aims to know types of orchid (Orchidaceae) on Rubiah Island of Sabang City. Data were collected by using exploration method (observation). The entire island was explored by following the existing tracks or roads. The study was conducted in two (2) locations, on the outskirts of the island ( 0 s / d 100 m from the seashore ) and the central region of the island (100 m to 500 m from the seashore). The data were analyzed descriptively and displayed in the form of figures and tables. From the results of the research, it was found that there were 11 kinds of orchids which consists of six genera, they are: Aerides, Coelogyne, Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Phalaenopsis, and Vanda. The orchid species found in all of the observation point is asperata Coelogyne, Dendrobium phalaenopsis and Vanda limbata.
PENGGUNAAN MANIK-MANIK SEBAGAI ALAT PERAGA SEDERHANA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XII IPA PADA KONSEP DNA DI SMA NEGERI 4 TANAH JAMBO AYE KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA
Authors: Nirwansyah Fadhli
Published: July 2020

A classroom action research entitledâ€œThe use of beads as simple propsas an effort to improvethe achievement of studentsClass XII Science at SMAN 4 Tanah Jambo Aye, Aceh Utara regencyon the concept of DNAâ€ has been conducted in the first semester of the school year 2014/2015. The research aims to find out the effect of the use of beads as simple props as an effort to improve the achievement of studentsclass XII Scienceat SMA 4Tanah Jambo Aye Aceh Utara districton the concept of DNA The method used was classroom action research (PTK), which consisted of 2 cycles. The subject of this research was 30 students of class XII,science (IPA1) of SMAN 4 Tanah Jambo Aye in odd semester academic year 2014/2015.The data were analyzed by using comparative descriptive analysis techniques by comparing the initial conditions with the results achieved from each cycles and using qualitative descriptive analysis by comparing the results of observations and reflection on the first cycle and the second cycle. The results showed that the use of beads as simple props can improve the achievement of students class XII Science of SMA 4Tanah Jambo Aye, Aceh Utara district on DNA material. It can be seen fromthe improvement of studentsâ€™ mastery learning in the first cycle was 66.67%, while the second cycle was 93.33%.
IDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI SISTEM SARAF PADA BUKU TEKS BIOLOGI KELAS XI
Authors: Hidayati Irma , , Abdullah , Sabri Mustafa
Published: July 2020

This study entitled â€œIdentifying the misconceptions in nervous system in12th Grade of biology textbookâ€ aims to identify misconception on biology textbooksâ€™ about nervous system. The method of the research was descriptive. The objects of the research were 7 of biology textbooks for grade xi published within the last 5 years. The national education regulation no. 1 year 2011, 4 january 2011 states that the textbook used at school should be at least in the last 5 years. The instrument used were observation sheet to compare the concept of the investigated book to the foreign source textbook as guidance. The results showed that there were misconceptions in the material of nerve system contained in 7 textbooks investigated, they were in the concept of structure and function of nervous, impuls, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH YANG DIHADAPI GURU BIOLOGI DALAM PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATERI EKOSISTEM
Authors: Aswita Dian
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to identify the problems encountered by biology teacher in implementing ecosystem material in learning teaching. The problem comes from various factors, they were from the teachers themselves, the studentsâ€™ readiness in accepting the materials, material development that has been used as well as supporting facilities required during the learning process. The data were collected by observation and documentation method. The result showed that the learning process was not effective yet and the students were relatively passive, the learning process was considered less fun. Hopefully the implementation of the material will involve simple practical activities.
Analisis Genus dan Penyakit Karang di Perairan Pulau Tuan Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Aldyza Nadia , , Afkar
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the genus of coral and coral diseases in the coral reef ecosystem of Tuan Island Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar District. The data of coral genera were gathered by using point intercept transect method, whereas, the data of coral diseases were gathered by using survey method. The data were identified by using handbook and then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that there were 5 coral genera found in Tuan Island Pekan Bada namely: Acropora, Montipora, Pocillopora, Porites, and Goniastrea. Meanwhile, coral diseases that are found in Tuan Island were ulcerative white spots, growth anomalies of an unknown cause, sediment damage, alga overgrowth, pink line disease dan pigmentation responses. The conclusion of this study were (1) the coral reefs that were found in Tuan Island Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar District consisted of 5 genera, and (2) coral diseases in Tuan Island consisted of 6 types of diseases.
Pola Aktivitas Orangutan (Pongo abelii) di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Ketambe Aceh Tenggara
Authors: , Afkar , Aldyza Nadia
Published: July 2020

The study was conducted in the area of Gunung Leuser National Park Ketambe, Southeast Aceh, in January 2016. This study aimed (1) to find out the activity patterns of orangutan (Pongo abelii), and (2) to determine the dominant activities of orangutan (Pongo abelii) in Gunung Leuser National Parks Ketambe Southeast Aceh district. The data were collected by using Focal Animal Sampling Method and recording of data using One Zero Sampling Method. The research found that there were three orangutans (Pongo abelii), and the activities of orangutan (Pongo abelii) were eating 13 % , moving 4 % , sitting 21 % , standing 5 % , sleeping 0 % , looking for lice 4 % , swinging 7 %, hanging in tree 21 % , playing 0 % , feeding 25 %, breast-feeding and rolling 0 % 0 %. Based on these activities, the most dominant activity carried out by Pongo abelii in the Gunung Leuser National Park Ketambe Southeast Aceh Regency was foraging.
Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Siswa Konsep Sistem Peredaran Darah Menggunakan Model Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) dan Think Pair Share (TPS) di SMP Negeri 2 Seunagan Kabupaten Nagan Raya
Authors: Hasanah Mauiza
Published: July 2020

This study entitled: "Comparison of Student Learning Outcomes in Circulatory System Concepts with using Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) and Think Pair Share (TPS) Models at SMP Negeri 2 Seunagan Nagan Raya". This study aims to figure out the differences in student learning outcomes in Circulatory System concept by using Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) and Think Pair Share (TPS) models at SMP N 2 Seunagan Nagan Raya. The data were collected by using Library Research and Field Research. The population of this study were all students of VIII class in SMP Negeri 2 Seunagan Nagan Raya (60 people). The samples were 17 students of class VIII.2 and 17 students of class VIII.3. The technique used in collecting the data was learning outcomes test. The data were analyzed by using t test (t-count). The result showed that t-count was greater than t-table (t-count = 3.059>t- table = 2.037). it can be concluded that Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) learning model is better than Think Pair Share (TPS) learning model in Circulatory Systems concept at SMP Negeri 2 Seunagan Nagan Raya, with the the average score in VIII.2 class (Two Stay Two Stray model) was 74.41 and the average score in VIII.3 class (Think Pair Share model) was 68.52.
Tanggapan Siswa Terhadap Model Pebelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing pada Materi Fotosintesis di SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh
Authors: , Nursafiah
Published: July 2020

This research aims to find out students' responses toward guided inquiry learning model. The method used is pre-experimental design. The population of this research were 165 students of class VIII SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh. The research subjects were 24 students of class VIII-4. The data were collected by using questionnaires and then analyzed descriptively by calculating the average of each aspect. Likert Scale questionnaire was converted into a quantitative scale. The statements in the questionnaires were consisted of positive and negative statements. The questionnaires were given to the students after implementing guided inquiry model. The results showed that students responded positively to the model developed, indicated that guided inquiry learning model is very helpful and train students to work independently. It contributed to the process of critical thinking and help students to understand the photosynthesis concept.
Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Internet pada Konsep Sistem Peredaran Darah Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa pada SMA Negeri 1 Woyla
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Rahmatan Hafnati , Khairil Khairil
Published: July 2020

Internet based â€“ learning media is one of the learning sources that can be used to replace the text book. This research was aimed to find out the difference of learning result of students who utilized internet based â€“ learning media as the sources of learning compare to the students who used conventional learning method on the topic of blood circulatory system. An experimental research had been conducted at SMAN 1 Woyla in the school year of 2014/2015. The population of this research was 60 students, which were 30 students of XII IPA 1 and 30 students of XII IPA 2 class. The entire population was chosen as the samples of the research which were 30 students for experimental class and 30 students for control class. The data were collected by using pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by using independent sample t-tes or Mann Whitney test. The results showed that: (1) the N-Gain mean value of experimental class was 60 which was categorized as medium and for the control was 20 which was categorized as low, (2) the learning result was significantly different between the students who used internet based â€“ learning media and the students who were taught conventionally on the topic of blood circulatory system with P value of 0,000 < 0,05. It can be summarized that there was a significant difference of learning result of students who used internet based â€“ learning media with the students who used conventional learning method especially on the topic of blood circulatory system.