bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pemasaran Islami Terhadap Tingkat Penjualan Busana Muslim Di Toko Hijab Bilqis Ciamis
Authors: Masripah Imas , Nurochani Nila
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis dan mengetahui pengaruh strategi pemasaran Islami terhadap tingkat penjualan busana muslim di Toko Hijab Bilqis Ciamis. Dalam penelitian ini metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Deskriptif Kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer berupa pengumpulan data kuesioner dan data sekunder. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi liner sederhana dengan terlebih dahulu dilakukan pengujian dilakukan pengujian instrumen penelitian berupa uji validitas, uji reabilitas dan pengujian asumsi kelasik. Berdarkan hasil penelitian menyatakan terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara strategi pemasaran Islami terhadap tingkat penjualan di Toko Hijab Bilqis Ciamis.
The sustainable development of cities with county rights in Poland in the light of selected environmental indicators
Authors: Kowalczyk Magdalena
Published: July 2021

Objective: The environmental aspect plays a significant role in shaping sustainable development in local government units. Currently, efforts are being made to reduce the negative impact on the natural environment of the effects of ongoing urbanization. One of the principal ideas of implementing sustainable development is to meet the existing needs of the current generation without limiting the possibilities for subsequent generations. In assessing the degree of implementation of sustainable development, indicators that can inform about the effects of actions taken by local government units play a very important role. The purpose of this study is to assess all 66 cities with county rights during the period 2016–2018 using environmental indicators as information and diagnostic tools. Research methods: The article shows the results of statistical analysis. Select statistical methods were used. Research results: In the examined period, there was no increase in the share of green areas, forests, or legally protected areas in the examined cities. There was no increase in the percentage of the population using sewage treatment plants. A favorable change was noted in relation to municipal waste collected separately. Findings: The research indicates that using indicators to assess activities for the natural environment allows local government units to assess the positive or negative effects of their implementation. Constant monitoring of the results allows them to take corrective actions in areas where the city achieves poor results. The indicators used to evaluate activities under the sustainable development umbrella make it possible to benchmark the results achieved by the cities studied.
Lung Ultrasound Assisted Comparison of Volume Effects of Fluid Replacement Regimens in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Penile Hypospadias Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Elsonbaty Mohamed , Abdullah Sherif , Elsonbaty Ahmed
Published: July 2021

Background: Effective perioperative fluid therapy is a great consideration. Objectives: Using lung ultrasound (LUS), this study evaluated the preference of the conventional and restrictive fluid replacement regimens for their volume impact in pediatric patients undergoing a relatively long procedure with limited volume loss (hypospadias repair). Methods: Eighty pediatric patients scheduled for hypospadias repair surgery were enrolled for conventional (CG) or restrictive fluid management groups (RG). The CG obtained Ringer's lactate at the conventional calculated doses, while the RG obtained infusion of Ringer's lactate at a rate of 3 mL/kg/h. B-line numbers in the LUS, recovery score, urine output, blood pressure (BP), heart rate HR, and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded. Results: As evidenced by the LUS, RG showed a higher incidence of normal lung morphology with a mean and SD of 1.3 ± 2.2 for B-line numbers, whereas, in CG, they were 3.1 ± 2.2 with a P-value < 0.001. Urine output was 3.2 ± 0.8 and 2.9 ± 0.7 for CG and RG, respectively, with a P-value equal to 0.07. HR, BP, and SpO2 differences between groups were statistically insignificant. The recovery score was higher in RG (5.8 ± 0.4) than in CG (5.1 ± 0.8) at the first postoperative 20 minutes, with a P-value < 0.001. Conclusions: In lengthy procedures with limited volume loss, using a moderately restrictive regimen is preferred over the conventional intraoperative fluid regimen considering both respiratory dysfunctions and recovery score.
From the Chair
Authors: Kellam Lynda
Published: July 2021

I hope you are all enjoying the warming weather (or at least making the best of it). By the time this issue is published, I imagine that I will have spent several days sitting on my porch or hanging out at a gorge. I can’t wait. I also hope by the time you are reading this that most, if not everyone, has been able to get vaccinated.During the past year, in addition to efforts to grow our membership, the leadership of GODORT has endeavored to retain a sense of community through a difficult time. Our Friday chats have been successful with a wide range of topics from government documents in the news to a discussion of the Mapping Prejudice Project. While we may not be able to sustain the pace of the chats indefinitely, I hope we can continue to come together informally in between conferences.
Outplayed: Regaining Strategic Initiative in The Gray Zone
Authors: Olson Carl P.
Published: July 2021

This report is one of the first of a series on the gray zone, a “carrier concept” for hostile action, preceded by a long game of diplomacy, threats, and propaganda to achieve warlike aims without full-scale warfare. It owes a good deal to the British Royal Army’s General Rupert Smith, author of a 2005 best-seller, The Utility of Force: The Art of War in the Modern World.
For the Record
Authors: Stroshane Eric
Published: July 2021

PrisonsBookstoresColleges and UniversitiesInternational
Idiom Comprehension using Multimodal Teaching Approach among Zanzibar University Students
Authors: Tabley Amos, Ngoge , Hermilinda Abas Imelda
Published: July 2021

The present study aims at investigating idiom comprehension through multimodal teaching approach among Zanzibar University students. The participants of the study were 120 male and female students and selected randomly. All of the students speak Swahili as their first language. The participants enrolled in a 3-year English program at the Department of Languages, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Zanzibar University, divided into two groups, the control and experimental groups. There were 60 students in each group with an age range between 20 to 30. Both groups were presented with the same twenty English idioms through different methods. The control group was advised to review the list of idioms using a traditional method, while the experimental group was presented with the idioms using a multimodal teaching approach. An idiom comprehension test was administered to both groups. The results showed that from a comparative t-test indicated that the students taught idioms comprehension using multimodal method had recorded a higher mean score (37.7) as compared to the use of a traditional method of teaching of idioms (25.55). This implies that to increase EFL/ESL students’ proficiency in idiom comprehension, teachers should implement more multimodal activities in the classroom so that the students will have better opportunities in comprehending and applying idioms. The study provides pedagogical suggestions for using a multimodal approach to teaching English idioms.
The Pragmatic Meanings of Car Stickers in Jordan
Authors: Al-Adaileh Bilal A. , Kreishan Lana J.
Published: July 2021

This study is aimed at investigating the illocutionary forces of car stickers in Jordan as an under-researched area of Arabic pragmatics. The study is based on authentic data collected over a year as found displayed on cars in the south, mid and north of Jordan. The data collected were found to display a wide range of social, romantic and economic functions including displaying vehicle size and brand, protection against envy, disappointment and betrayal, giving advice, displaying love and romantic challenges, crises and car stickers aimed at attracting others’ attention. Stickers used as a protective measure against evil eye were found to be the most frequently used stickers in our data (32.65%). Though car stickers are equated with amusement and humor, they are used nowadays as a tool to indirectly criticize social, economic and political crises, and this could reflect the social and economic challenges of life. The overwhelmingly rhythmic car stickers examined in the study were found to be instances of decodable expressions whose overall meanings could be recovered by sticker readers.
Coordination of Charging Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEV) in Electric Distribution Networks to Minimize Power Losses and Voltage Deviations
Authors: Aliffianto Lutfir Rahman , Suyono Hadi , Dachlan Harry Soekotjo
Published: July 2021

Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) is a vehicle with a drive in the form of an electric motor and gets its energy source from a rechargeable battery. PEV (grid-to-vehicle, or G2V) charging activity can pose a risk to the distribution system when PEV is injected into the system. Charging PEV in the distribution system will cause the demand for electrical power to increase. Without a proper and optimal charging coordination system for the many PEVs that exist in the distribution network system, the following technical problems will arise in the network such as: occurrence of unusual and unwanted peak loads in power consumption, voltage sag, transformers or conductors overload, as well as the occurrence of high power system losses in the distribution system. This study discusses the optimization of PEV charging coordination scheduling in a distribution system by considering power losses and voltage deviations. To optimize the coordination of PEV charging, this study used a metaheuristic method called the Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) which was then compared with the Binary Gray Wolves Optimization (BGWO) method. This scheme is simulated on the 20kV Pujon Feeder distribution system in Malang, Indonesia. The initial simulation results, at the time when the most loads were presented, showed 80 percent of PEV penetration, increase in power losses of 54.51 percent and voltage deviation of 9.82 percent. By using the BPSO method, the results showed power loss increase of 27.2 percent and voltage deviation of 7.75 percent. Meanwhile, by using the BGWO method the increase in power losses was 31.09 percent and the voltage deviation was 7.98 percent.
The Rhythmic Growth Pattern of Microbes is Antithetical to Antioxidant Activity of Kombucha: A New Finding in Food Biochemistry
Authors: Majumder Soumya , Ghosh Arindam , Chakraborty Sourav , Bhattacharya Malay
Published: July 2021

Background: Kombucha is a traditional, popular and probiotic health drink having strong antioxidant properties. Involvement of various bacteria and yeasts in kombucha fermentation have been previously described by several scientists. In this research, we aimed to determine the growth pattern of microbes involved in kombucha fermentation, using the orthodox turbidimetric method and a simultaneous determination of antioxidant activity regularly.

Methods: This experiment was designed in a simple way to evaluate the interrelation between growth of microbes involved in kombucha fermentation and the rate of release of antioxidant molecules using spectrophotometric growth study and DPPH free radical scavenging assay.

Results: In this research, some new characteristics of kombucha have been found regarding microbial fermentation. Moreover, we prepared broths using different types of sugars as carbon source for a comparative analysis.

Significance: In all the broths, it was found that there is a negative correlation between rhythmic microbial growth pattern and antioxidant activity which is definitely a new finding in food science.
Raphia Palm Grove Diversity and Wetland Conservation Challenges: Evidence from Fotouni in the Western Highlands of Cameroon
Authors: Kamta Parfait Nkontcheu , Foyet Arsène Delors Gankam , Kenko Daniel Brice Nkontcheu
Published: July 2021

Aims: Assessing the conservation status of Raphia and the interaction between local populations and Raphia palm groves in Fotouni

Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the West Region of Cameroon (Fotouni)

Methodology: A total of 60 Raphia palm grove owners were involved in the interview using questionnaires; mapping and direct observations were additional tools.

Results: According to the perception of 93% of the surveyed respondents, the quantity of Raphia in the area has decreased over the past 15 years, due mainly to agriculture (N=48; 80.00%) and non-regeneration (N=18; 30.00%). Farming was the main activity in the area. Raphia in the area is mainly used for building, craft, food source, medicine and agriculture. Respondents confirmed the presence of a diversified mesofauna in Raphia palm groves, dominated by rodents. Mapping gave evidence of a close relationship between Raphia palm groves and water points. In addition, Raphia provides firewood and wine. Good maintenance (N=55; 91.67%) and regeneration (N=45; 75.00%) are the main strategies implemented by the respondents to preserve their Raphia palm groves. For a long-term preservation, respondents proposed: sensitization (N=14; 23.33%), re-planting (N=20; 33.33%), pasting of warning and use of fetishes (N=16; 26.67%).

Conclusion: The current state of Raphia palm groves in Fotouni is not favourable to wetland conservation. The Ministry of Environment, Nature Protection and Sustainable Development should provide a national inventory of Raphia coverage while the local population should adopt healthy behaviours towards the exploitation of Raphia.
Spatio-Temporal Changing Scenario of Growth and Structure of Manufacturing Industries in Asansol-Durgapur Region, West Bengal
Authors: Maji Gosai , Malik Uma Shankar
Published: July 2021

Asansol-Durgapur Industrial Region serves as nerve-knot of the economy of West Bengal as well as the entire economic region of Eastern India because of its enormous reservoir of excellent quality of coal of Raniganj Coalfield, outstanding network of transport by rail and road, skillful and cheap labour in close proximity of states. With the establishment of a number of large industrial units like Iron & Steel Plant, Durgapur Steel Plant, Chittaranjan Locomotive works, Durgapur Alloy Steel Plant, Durgapur Thermal Power Station, and hundreds of medium and small-scale industries have made the region great industrial belt after Hooghly industrial belt in West Bengal. Though there was rapid industrialization after independence period but the growth of industries has not taken place uniformly throughout the study area. This is because, high manufacturing intensity found in Durgapur, Asansol, Raniganj and Kulti areas whereas the Salanpur, Jamuria, Fraidpur, Barabani areas witnesses low manufacturing intensity. The decadal growth of industries also noteworthy, in 1951 there were 46 industrial units and it increased to 430 in 2019. The number of basic metal and engineering units was 2 and 18 respectively in the year 1951 whereas in 2019 the basic metal and engineering unit increased to 122 and 66 respectively. This paper primarily focuses on the estimation of spatial and temporal distribution of manufacturing industrial units, growth and structural changes, manufacturing intensity and concentration of the manufacturing sector during the period of 1951 to 2019 in Asansol-Durgapur Industrial Region.
Effect of Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers on the Growth, Yield and Quality Traits of Summer Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)” cv. Punjab ChappanKaddu
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Rattan Puja
Published: July 2021

The present investigation was conducted during 2019 at DAV University, Jalandhar, to find out the effect of organic manures and chemical fertilizers on the growth and yield of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) cv. Punjab Chappan Kaddu. The experiment consisted of eleven treatments and three replications. Out of these, an application of 25% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + vermi-compost 15t/ha (T8) had a beneficial effect on minimum days to the first female flower (74.67 days), minimum days to the first fruit set (76.33), minimum days to the first fruit harvest (78.33). The maximum plant height (122.85cm) was recorded in 25% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + FYM 25t/ha (T5). 75% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + EM (Effective Micro-organism) Bokashi 2.5q/ha (T9) resulted in minimum days to male flower appearance. The maximum sex ratio (0.38), was obtained with the application of 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + EM Bokashi 3q/ha (T10). The maximum number of pickings (26) and number of fruit per plant (9.85) were obtained with the application of 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + EM Bokashi 3q/ha (T10). The maximum fruit yield per plant (2.20 kg), fruit yield per plot (26.26 kg), fruit yield per ha (405.57q) were recorded with the application of 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + vermi-compost 15t/ha (T7). The maximum Total Soluble Solids (TSS) (2.40B°) were recorded with the application of 75% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + FYM 20t/ha (T3) while, the ascorbic acid was maximum (52.50 mg/100g) when 25% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + vermi-compost 15t/ha (T8) were applied. The highest net returns and benefit: cost (4.5) were obtained when 50% of recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + FYM 25t/ha (T4) was applied.
The Will Club for Stuttering and Modus Operandi of Training Adult Persons Who Stutter: A Descriptive Analysis, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldossari Ali Mubarak , Alhabeeb Abdulhameed Abdullah , Qureshi Naseem Akhtar
Published: July 2021

Background: Speech fluency disorders determined by a variety of complex biological and environmental interactions are common problems of children, adolescents, adults and older adults around the world and need therapeutic interventions for improving the quality of life of those who stutter.

Objective: This descriptive study aims to mainly focus on training course and techniques along with various associated challenges faced by persons who stutter.

Methods: Training module was tailored and customized by five trainers including psychiatrist, speech therapist, speech pathologist, psychologist and behavioral therapist to meet the therapeutic needs of chronic adult stutterers who were invited to take 2-week training course concerning stuttering.

Results: The will club for stuttering has well defined mission, vision, values and goals, modus operandi and techniques, and well appreciated by trainees/participants in their success stories. Stuttering is associated with many challenges, which were identified proactively and discussed using training exercises and techniques/methods during training course that comprised of preparatory, application, confrontation, and sustainability phases.

Conclusion: Two-week training course directed towards adult stutterers facing  many challenges which were discussed extensively and trainers found their effective solutions through exercises and  multi-dimensional techniques dispersed in several phases of the program module.
The Impact of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Soursop on Glucose and Lipid Profile in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats
Authors: Ejembi P. E. , Oche J. I. , Ejembi J. O. , Zaccheaus L. S.
Published: July 2021

The blood glucose, total serum cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Triglyceride (TRIG) levels of all rats in each group were determined before induction, post-induction with alloxan and post treatment with various concentrations of extract and standard drug. The alloxan diabetic rats treated with gliberclamide and aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata showed average means of body weights as; (235.73±3.14a, 263.94±2.25a and 236.5±1.74a) respectively after 4 weeks of treatment. The Glucose level revealed; 168.43±5.06e, 65.29±4.57f and 57.86±3.93e respectively. Lipid profile raised significantly post exposure of diabetic rats to both standard drug and extract after 4 weeks of treatment. Therefore, A. muricata compared favorably with the standard drug in the context of diabetes management.
Low Latency, Low Power in A. I. Perception Modules Development and Implementation for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Das Rajdip
Published: July 2021

Self-service vehicles can combine data to boost the understanding of that of other cars, and thus improve safety drive and identification performance. However, it is burdensome to share in between autonomous vehicles, because due to the quantity of data generated by different vehicle types of sensors. In the search for ever faster and more efficient computing, researchers and manufacturers are busy exploring novel processing architectures. Among these, neuromorphic engineering, the emulation of brain function inside computer chips are showing particular promise for applications involving deep learning, an increasingly common form of artificial intelligence (AI) that uses neural networks inspired by brains to uncover patterns in large datasets. In this research, we will examine an ultra-low-power protocol related to low-latency data exchange and Deep Learning Neural Network (DLNN) using neuromorphic computing for addressing AI perception issues in autonomous driving.
Assembly Wirebond Process Solution for Mitigating Leadframe Bouncing on Multi-Die QFN Device
Authors: Narvadez Raymond Albert A. , Gomez Frederick Ray I. , Moreno Anthony R. , Jr. Edwin M. Graycochea
Published: July 2021

Modification and improvement of an existing tooling design in semiconductor packaging industry has been a usual practice, to enhance the current setup and to provide a solution to a specific assembly problem. This paper discusses the solution in eliminating the smashed ball defect occurrence observed after wirebond process. Smashed ball is usually encountered if the unit is unstable and creates a bouncing effect during wirebond process. It is therefore important to mitigate this micro-bouncing effect by analyzing the package design and the window clamp and top plate (WCTP). The objective is to increase the stability of the unit during wirebonding, especially for quad-flat no-leads (QFN) package with no tape. To achieve this, the solution is to alter the vacuum hole design of the top plate from single hole per unit to multiple holes of varied sizes per unit. Ultimately, after changing the design of the top plate, the micro-bouncing encountered during wirebond process was significantly reduced. This in turn created a consistent ball formation in all bonded wires. The comparative data presented in this paper confirmed the effectivity of the redesigned WCTP. For future works and studies, the improvement and learnings could be used on devices with comparable configuration.
Resolution of Low IMC on Multi-Stacked Dice Device with Different Bond Pads
Authors: Folio Freddie B. , Guingab Roy B. , Gomez Frederick Ray I. , Pulido Jonathan C.
Published: July 2021

The continuing advances of die technology of integrated circuits (IC) miniaturization bringing more complexity in the product. At unusual conditions one may encounter new challenges intrinsic to the structure of the package. The study aims to qualify a product such as multi-stacked dice configurations with baseline reference using same die technology. The only difference is the substrate layout in which defined for the electrical purpose. The challenge is to understand and resolve low intermetallic coverage (IMC) on each die which may lead to manufacturability and reliability problems over time.
Role of Snigdha Virechana with Chinchalavan Taila in the Management of Malavastambha: A Case Report
Authors: Sawarkar Gaurav , Sawarkar Punam
Published: July 2021

Background: Malavastambha (Constipation) is defined as the infrequent and difficult passage of stool. The main features of Constipation are infrequent or hard stool, abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling of unsatisfactory bowel evacuation. Contemporary laxatives, which are generally used in Constipation, become habitual after some duration and only symptomatic relief. Moreover, these medicines never alter the pathogenesis of the disease.  So, it is a need of hour to search effective, safe & alternative   formulations in Ayurveda, which can completely break the pathogenesis of Constipation. As per Ayurveda,  Vata Dosha is the main factor involved in this condition. Therefore, the prime treatment principle recommended by Ancient Acharyas is to pacify Vata by using Vatahara herbs medicated with Snigdha Dravya, Amla, and Lavana Varga. The Chincha Lavana Taila is one such combination that possesses the above principle & so; it can be effective in Malavastambha.

Aim: This case study is primarily carried out to study the role of oral administration of Chincha  Lavana Taila in Malavashtambha  

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of oral consumption of Chincha Lavana Taila in Malavastambha. 

Methods: A single case study. A 50 years old male patient approached Panchakarma O.P.D. with Malavsthambha for one year; he was advised to intake 15ml Chincha Lavana Taila orally at bedtime lukewarm water for consecutive 15 days. 

Observation and Results: The patient got 100% relief in his all chief & associated complaints and had regular and satisfactory bowel habits after 15 days. 

Conclusion: Chincha Lavana Taila is one of the best effective oral medicine for Constipation.
Review Article Recent Advances in Preventing Dental Erosion
Authors: Adwani Barkha , Kriplani Simran , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav , Reche Amit , Madhu Priyanka Paul , Ubhale Rutuja
Published: July 2021

Dental erosion is defined as an irreversible loss of dental hard tissue due to exposure to chelating agents or non-bacterial acids. The occurrence of this condition was noted and the incidence and prevalence of dental erosion has been increasingly documented.The Ant erosive agents such as Anacardic acid in which the key component is the cashewnut shell liquid is phenolic lipids. It is a mixture of molecules which are saturated and unsaturated. It is also considered to have an anti-microbial effect and has been studied for the treatment of cancer, oxidative damage, inflammation and obesity disorders. Other anti-erosive agent like Fluoride helps in tooth remineralization. Fluorapatite, rather than hydroxyapatite, forms during the process of remineralization when fluoride is found in oral fluids. In apatite crystal lattice formation, fluoride ions replace hydroxy ions. Fluorapatite, even under acidic conditions, is less soluble than hydroxyapatite, which helps to regenerate tooth enamel. Fluoride is therefore a stronger anti-erosive agent. Various Recent advances in anti-erosive agents are Calcium and phosphate, Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), Protease inhibitors, Oils, Chitosan chitosan and Multivalent metal ions Various techniques to evaluate dental erosion are in vitro techniques and in vivo techniques. In vitro techniques are Scanning electron microscope, Surface Profilometry, Polarized Light Microscopyand Non-Contact Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). And iv vivo techniques are Photographs Clinical review and indices. The most important point of treatment is identifying and removing the erosion factor, above all current materials and methods. Therefore, early identification of the lesions, evaluation and removal of the etiological variables are relevant topics.
Rheumatic Heart Disease in Indian Paediatrics: A Review
Authors: B. Vahini , K. Narenthiran C. , Chandrasekar Keerthana
Published: July 2021

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a condition in which the valves of the heart are damaged, it is mainly caused by Group A Streptococcus, it mainly affects the paediatrics and young adults. Inflammation occurs in the joints, heart and blood vessels due to group A streptococcus. The exact pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease is unknown. It is manifested as fatigue, chest pain and shortness of breath; pulmonary hypertension, heart failure are some of the complications of the disease. Endocarditis, viral myocarditis and prolapse of the mitral valve are the differential diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease. It is diagnosed by revised Jones and World Heart Federation criteria. Benzylpenicillin is the first-line drug for rheumatic heart disease, followed by oral Penicillin V, Erythromycin can be recommended. Paediatrics who are allergic to Penicillin Azithromycin, Erythromycin can be recommended based on Indian paediatrics and World Health Organization guidelines. It is prevented by reducing the exposure to infection in high-risk regions; treat with appropriate antibiotics; prevent recurrence of infections and complications. The aim of this review is to highlight rheumatic heart disease in paediatric population.
Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Management
Authors: Ahmad Varish , Akhtar Sohail , Pandey Sanjay Krishna , Ahmad Aftab , Abuzinadah Mohammed F. , Alzghaibi Haitham Ali , Alharbi Ali H , Jamal Qazi Mohammad Sajid
Published: July 2021

Pneumonia like the pandemic COVID-19 is a virus disease, first time came into light in December 2019 in the Wuhan city of China.  As of today, more than two million deaths from more than 210 countries have been confirmed. This disease has modeled a great threat to human mental health, physical health, and forcefully stuck the routine life with psychosocial consequences globally. The COVID-19 disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2 which leads to acute respiratory distress. The pathogenesis of the disease started from virus entry to the host cell where it controlled the cellular system of the patient directly or indirectly. Population having cardiovascular, immunosuppressive, AIDS, and diabetes-like complications are thought to be very risky for mortality caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The correlation to Noncommunicable diseases like cardiovascular disorders and diabetes has led our attention towards the management of these diseases in the corona outbreak. Thus, this review aimed to better understand the threats modeled by the disease COVID-19 to the cardiovascular system, and the medical community should share their experiences promptly. It is concluded that both published research and real-time experiences shared on social media by world experts will act as a valuable tool and will help to learn more about this disease. Several preventive and therapeutic measures including drug therapy are suggested to manage the disease in comorbidities conditions.
Features of the Organization of Dental Care for Underage Patients in Tense Epidemiological Conditions
Authors: Komildzhonovich Sulaymonov Hamroqul , Ogli Abdullaev Dzhavid Galib , Yumashev Alexei Valerievich , Galustyan Andrey Olegovich , Timokhina Tatyana , Makarova Tatiana Andreevna
Published: July 2021

In modern conditions, dental care for children who need it from an early age is associated with a number of difficulties. The fear of catching a new coronavirus infection has led to a number of restrictions that negatively affect the practice of providing medical care to underage patients. For this reason, it is important to provide dental care to young patients, since the loss of teeth at an early age causes significant problems at an older age. The purpose of the work is to consider the features of the organization of dental care for underage patients in the tense epidemiological conditions associated with the spread of coronavirus infection on a global scale. In the conclusions of the study, it was noted that taking into account the complex epidemiological conditions, approaches to providing dental care will change. Traditional approaches used to address oral health problems in children before the COVID-19 pandemic will need to be adapted to the new era. Minimal intervention methods that minimize or eliminate aerosol formation should be practiced, as well as comprehensive oral health prevention measures to ensure the safety of dental offices at this unprecedented time, to control disease and maintain oral health in the population.
A Critical Review on Formulations Used in the Management of Malavstambha (Constipation)
Authors: Parwe Shweta , Tikale Swati , Shrivastav Puja , Nisargandha Milind
Published: July 2021

Background: Malavstambha is not mentioned as a disease in any text of Ayurveda, but it is symptoms of many diseases. Many types of diseases caused by ‘Malavstambha’ (sarveshamev kupita malaha). Multiple reasons contribute to this phenomenon, such as the effects of ageing on gut physiology, certain illnesses, medications, reduced mobility, inadequate caloric intake, and anorectal sensory changes. It is a very common problem which is increase day by day. For readily available market preparation is used for malavstambha. There is many formulations are mentioned in Ayurvedic Text but it is not in practice or didn’t researches conduct.

Aim: To find out the various formulations for malavstambha. 

Result and Observations: In Bhaishajya Ratnawali, Yogratnakar, Charak Samhita, Ashtanga Hriday and Sushruta Samhita,we found many formulations. 

Conclusion: There are many formulations mentioned in our Samhitas. Some of them are used in practice, but we have to conduct researches on mentioned formulations and create evidence based protocol for malavstambha.
Central Serous Retinopathy in a Post COVID-19 Asymptomatic Healthcare Worker at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Unique Case Report
Authors: Amulya G. Punati , Thanuja G. Pradeep
Published: July 2021

Aim: Early detection and management of stress-related Central Serous Retinopathy caused due to COVID-19.

Background: CSR has been associated with stress and is usually self-resolving. COVID-19 is known to induce psychological stress and its effects are many, one of them may be CSR. The importance of understanding the psychological impact of the disease, its consequences, and the counseling of even asymptomatic patients to ensure stress reduction needs to be understood by the treating physician.

Case Report and Discussion: We report the first case of CSR associated with COVID-19 related stress in an asymptomatic health care worker and the follow-up and treatment plan for this case. It has been shown that unfavourable psychic factors influence endogenous hormonal secretion which in turn increases the levels of corticosteroids and catecholamines which have been found to induce CSR.

Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of understanding the psychological effect of the pandemic and recognising this and early treatment will reduce the ill effects of the stress induced by COVID-19.
Effects of Stress‐Aging Pretreatment on Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of a Ni–Cr–Nb–Mo–Ti Alloy
Authors: Cheng Hao , Lin Yong-Cheng , He Dao-Guang , Li Hong-Bin , Chen Zi-Jian , Zhu Jun-Cheng
Published: July 2021

Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of stress and stress‐free aged NiCrNbMoTi alloy are investigated by hot compressive tests. The impacts of stress aging upon the flow softening and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior are analyzed. Also, the variations of dislocation substructures are studied. The basket‐weave δ‐phases induced by stress‐aging pretreatment can refine grains during hot deformation. On the one hand, the basket‐weave δ‐phases mutually intersect and form some enclosure spaces. Then, the dislocations which are restrained in these enclosure spaces can increase the potential sites for DRX nucleation. On the other hand, the growth of DRX grain is significantly hindered by the basket‐weave δ‐phases. The peak stress increases substantially as the stress‐aging stress rises. The dislocations pinned near the basket‐weave δ‐phases can hinder the migration of grain boundaries and accelerate the DRX process during hot deformation.
Unveiling Role of Sulfate Ion in Nickel‐Iron (oxy)Hydroxide with Enhanced Oxygen‐Evolving Performance
Authors: Liao Hanxiao , Luo Tao , Tan Pengfei , Chen Kejun , Lu Lili , Liu Yong , Liu Min , Pan Jun
Published: July 2021

The rational design of effective catalysts for sluggish oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) is desired but challenging. Nickel‐iron (NiFe) (oxy)hydroxides are promising pre‐electrocatalysts for alkaline OER. However, OER performances are limited by the slow reconstruction process to generate active species of high‐valance NiFe oxyhydroxides. In this work, a sulfate ion (SO42−) modulated strategy is developed to boost the OER activity of NiFe (oxy)hydroxide by accelerating the electrochemical reconstruction of pre‐catalyst and stabilizing the reaction intermediate of OOH* during OER. The SO42− decorated NiFe (oxy)hydroxide catalyst (NF‐S0.15) is fabricated via scalable anodization of NiFe foam in a thiourea‐dissolved electrolyte. The experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate the dual effect of SO42− on improving OER performances. SO42− leaching is favorable for the electrochemical reconstruction to form active NiFeOOH under OER condition. Simultaneously, the residual SO42− adsorbed on surface can stabilize the intermediate of OOH*, and thus enhance the OER performances. As expected, NF‐S0.15 delivers an ultralow overpotential of 234 mV to reach the current density of 50 mA cm−2, a fast OER kinetics (27.7 mV dec−1), and a high stability for more than 100 h. This unique insights into anionic modification could inspire the development of advanced electrocatalysts for efficient OER.
A New Strategy for Selective Area Growth of Highly Uniform InGaAs/InP Multiple Quantum Well Nanowire Arrays for Optoelectronic Device Applications
Authors: Zhang Fanlu , Zhang Xutao , Li Ziyuan , Yi Ruixuan , Li Zhe , Wang Naiyin , Xu Xiaoxue , Azimi Zahra , Li Li , Lysevych Mykhaylo , Gan Xuetao , Lu Yuerui , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati , Fu Lan
Published: July 2021

III‐V semiconductor nanowires with quantum wells (QWs) are promising for ultra‐compact light sources and photodetectors from visible to infrared spectral region. However, most of the reported InGaAs/InP QW nanowires are based on the wurtzite phase and exhibit non‐uniform morphology due to the complex heterostructure growth, making it challenging to incorporate multiple‐QWs (MQW) for optoelectronic applications. Here, a new strategy for the growth of InGaAs/InP MQW nanowire arrays by selective area metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy is reported. It is revealed that {110} faceted InP nanowires with mixed zincblende and wurtzite phases can be achieved, forming a critical base for the subsequent growth of highly‐uniform, taper‐free, hexagonal‐shaped MQW nanowire arrays with excellent optical properties. Room‐temperature lasing at the wavelength of ≈1 µm under optical pumping is achieved with a low threshold. By incorporating dopants to form an n+‐i‐n+ structure, InGaAs/InP 40‐QW nanowire array photodetectors are demonstrated with the broadband response (400–1600 nm) and high responsivities of 2175 A W−1 at 980 nm outperforming those of conventional planar InGaAs photodetectors. The results show that the new growth strategy is highly feasible to achieve high‐quality InGaAs/InP MQW nanowires for the development of future optoelectronic devices and integrated photonic systems.
Enhanced CO2 Reduction Performance of BiCuSeO‐Based Hybrid Catalysts by Synergetic Photo‐Thermoelectric Effect
Authors: Xu Yushuai , Han Jian , Luo Yidong , Liu Yaochun , Ding Junping , Zhou Zhifang , Liu Chan , Zou Mingchu , Lan Jinle , Nan Ce‐wen , Lin Yuanhua
Published: July 2021

Gaseous CO2 reduction driven by solar energy is a promising solution to the current energy crisis and environmental problems. Although thermocatalysts, electrocatalysts, and photocatalysts are developed as classical strategies for CO2 reduction, it remains a challenge for high efficiency and CO2 net reduction during this process. Here, a multi‐field driven hybrid catalyst, Pt/ZnO nanorod arrays/Bi1‐xErxCuSeO, is designed using the photo‐thermoelectric effect, which can take advantage of both photocatalysis and thermocatalysis. The results indicate that the maximum CO production rate of 2.91 µmol g−1 h−1 at 423 K can be realized in such Pt/ZnONR/Bi0.9Er0.1CuSeO hybrid catalyst, as can be ascribed to a synergetic photo‐thermoelectric effect (i.e., light irradiation can provide heat, photo‐excited carriers, and the concomitant Seebeck voltage). The band alignment of ZnO/BiCuSeO heterojunction and carriers transport are proposed to be optimized by the Er doped BiCuSeO thermoelectric supports, greatly enhancing the catalytic performance. The application of thermoelectric support could be promising in the structure design of multi‐field driven hybrid catalysts, and such a photo‐thermoelectric catalytic process demonstrates a desirable way of solar energy utilization in CO2 transformation.
Reversible Photothermal Modulation of Electrical Activity of Excitable Cells using Polydopamine Nanoparticles
Authors: Gholami Derami Hamed , Gupta Prashant , Weng Kuo‐Chan , Seth Anushree , Gupta Rohit , Silva Jonathan R. , Raman Baranidharan , Singamaneni Srikanth
Published: July 2021

Advances in the design and synthesis of nanomaterials with desired biophysicochemical properties can be harnessed to develop non‐invasive neuromodulation technologies. Here, the reversible modulation of the electrical activity of neurons and cardiomyocytes is demonstrated using polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles as photothermal nanotransducers. In addition to their broad light absorption and excellent photothermal activity, PDA nanoparticles are highly biocompatible and biodegradable, making them excellent candidates for both in vitro and in vivo applications. The modulation of the activity (i.e., spike rate of the neurons and beating rate of cardiomyocytes) of excitable cells can be finely controlled by varying the excitation power density and irradiation duration. Under optimal conditions, reversible suppression (≈100%) of neural activity and reversible enhancement (two‐fold) in the beating rate of cardiomyocytes is demonstrated. To improve the ease of interfacing of photothermal transducers with these excitable cells and enable spatial localization of the photothermal stimulus, a collagen/PDA nanoparticle foam is realized, which can be used as an “add‐on patch” for photothermal stimulation. The non‐genetic optical neuromodulation approach using biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles represents a minimally invasive method for controlling the activity of excitable cells with potential applications in nano‐neuroscience and engineering.
Photosaturation in Luminescent LuAG:Ce Garnet Concentrator Rods
Authors: Khanin Vasilii , Meijerink Andries , Houtepen Arjan J. , Jagt Henri J. B. , de Boer Dick K. G.
Published: July 2021

The luminescence efficiency of Ce3+ in garnet phosphors is among the most stable for luminescent materials. Still, it has been observed to be reduced at high incident blue flux (known as droop) due to nonlinear processes caused by the high lumen density inside the materials. Herein, it is shown that in the case of Ce3+‐doped garnet concentrator rods, the droop can be explained by excited‐state absorption (ESA) of mainly green Ce3+ luminescence light that is trapped inside the rods. ESA spectroscopy and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) measurements show that electrons are promoted from the 5d1 excited state of Ce3+ to the conduction band by ESA and may be either captured by traps or may recombine with Ce4+ sites to give excited Ce3+ ions giving rise to luminescence. Therefore, the droop depends on the concentration of Ce4+ ions present, which can be influenced and optimized by varying the processing conditions of the samples. Guided by these results, a model is developed that describes the optical processes. It is used to analyze the observed droop behavior in block‐shaped samples with and without extraction optics.
Cover crop species can increase or decrease the fertilizer‐nitrogen requirement in maize
Authors: Carciochi W. D. , Massigoge I. , Lapaz Olveira A. , Reussi Calvo N. I. , Cafaro La Menza F. , Sainz Rozas H. R. , Barbieri P. A. , Di Napoli M. , Gonzalez Montaner J. , Ciampitti I. A.
Published: July 2021

Cover crop species and termination date could affect fertilizer‐nitrogen (N) management and N diagnostic methods traditionally used in bare fallow‐maize (Zea maysL.) systems. Our objectives were to (a) assess the effect of cover crop termination date on maize yield and response to fertilizer‐N, (b) determine maize yield at varying N rates following different cover crop species and mixtures, and (c) evaluate the chlorophyll meter reading (CMR), grain N concentration (Nc), and grain N nutrition index (NNI) as N diagnostic methods. Experiments were conducted at four sites in the southeastern Argentinean Pampas with maize planted after cover crops. Factors investigated were cover crops with vetch (Vicia villosaRoth), vetch–oat (Avena sativaL.) mixture, or bare fallow; early termination of cover crops or ∼3 wk later; and maize fertilizer‐N at 0, 50, 100, and 200 kg N ha–1. The minimum N rate that maximized grain yield was higher in vetch–oat mixture (100 kg N ha–1) than in vetch (50 kg N ha–1). Maize yield was not affected by cover crops with 200 kg N ha–1. Late termination dates of vetch–oat mixture reduced maize yield by 15% compared with early termination dates, while there was no effect of vetch termination date. Cover crop termination date did not affect yield response to fertilizer‐N. Relative CMR at silking, grain Nc, and especially grain NNI at maturity were useful tools to diagnose maize N status and cover crop effect. Cover crop management should be considered to adjust the fertilizer N rate and optimize maize productivity.
Modeling whole farm profitability and environmental performance of four alfalfa‐grass binary mixtures in eastern Canadian dairy farms
Authors: Ouellet Veronique , Tremblay Gaëtan F. , Laroche Jean‐Philippe , Bélanger Gilles , Binggeli Simon , Jégo Guillaume , Charbonneau Edith
Published: July 2021

Forages are a major source of nutrients for milk production, but little is known about the effects of forage species on whole‐farm profitability and environmental performance. Using a whole‐farm approach, the N‐CyCLES (Nutrient‐Cycling Crops‐Livestock‐Environment‐Soil) optimization model, and experimentally measured data, this study aimed to compare the profitability and environmental performance of dairy farms when four alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)‐grass binary mixtures harvested and stored as silage and hay are used in ration formulation of heifers and lactating and dry cows: (a) alfalfa‐timothy (Phleum pratense L.) (Al+Tim), (b) alfalfa‐tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] (Al+TF), (c) alfalfa‐meadow fescue fescue [Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv.] (Al+MF), and (d) alfalfa‐meadow bromegrass (Bromus biebersteinii Roem. & Schult.) (Al+Bro). Simulations were conducted on two virtual eastern Canadian dairy farms: southwestern (SWQ) and eastern Quebec (EQ). Comparisons were based on net income, greenhouse gas emissions, and nutrient balances. In SWQ, Al+Bro and Al+Tim led to the highest net income, but only slight differences were calculated between the four mixtures (maximum difference of 1.4%). In EQ, results suggested that Al+TF is the most viable alternative to Al+Tim mixtures as it allowed the farm to reach the highest profit (maximum difference of 8%). The choice of grass in alfalfa‐grass binary mixture had little impact on the farm's total greenhouse gas emissions: the lowest total greenhouse gas emissions were with Al+ MF in SWQ and with Al+TF in EQ. In SWQ, phosphorus balance was low for the four mixtures and the lowest nitrogen balance was reached with Al+MF and Al+Tim. Finally, in EQ, the lowest phosphorus balance was reached with Al+MF, whereas the lowest nitrogen balance was reached with Al+Bro. In conclusion, despite slight differences, all grass species tested allowed the farm to reach similar profits and environmental performance.