bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Connection-Based Multiplicative Zagreb Indices of Dendrimer Nanostars
Authors: Sattar Aqsa , Javaid Muhammad , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: December 2021

The field of graph theory is broadly growing and playing a remarkable role in cheminformatics, mainly in chemistry and mathematics in developing different chemical structures and their physicochemical properties. Mathematical chemistry provides a platform to study these physicochemical properties with the help of topological indices (TIs). A topological index (TI) is a function that connects a numeric number to each molecular graph. Zagreb indices (ZIs) are the most studied TIs. In this paper, we establish general expressions to calculate the connection-based multiplicative ZIs, namely, first multiplicative ZIs, second multiplicative ZIs, third multiplicative ZIs, and fourth multiplicative ZIs, of two renowned dendrimer nanostars. The defined expressions just depend on the step of growth of these dendrimers. Moreover, we have compared our calculated for both type of dendrimers with each other.
[Retracted] Research on Tourism Route Planning Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Ding Maobin
Published: December 2021

Study on designing reasonable travel routes with the least time cost and the highest experience index was conducted. An artificial intelligence‐based wireless sensor travel route planning study is proposed. First, the improved TSP route planning model is built at the least time consumption and combines the normal distributed random number (ND) with the genetic algorithm (GA) and proposes the ND‐GA algorithm, analyzes the overall structure, node structure, communication mode, and network coverage of the wireless sensor network, and gives a mathematical model of wireless transmission energy consumption. Using the proposed algorithm to solve the travel route and detailed itinerary, with time, the 10‐year travel route design model based on multitarget dynamic optimization finally detailed analysis of the model results and sensitivity analysis results showing that the application of AI wireless sensor technology can also make the scenic work more efficient; for example, a face recognition system can improve the speed of ticket checking. Although the application of AI technology is widely used in tourism activities, there are some problems, which require the continuous optimization and innovation of AI wireless sensor technology by relevant practitioners, so that it can better serve tourists.
English Machine Translation Model Based on an Improved Self-Attention Technology
Authors: Pan Wenxia
Published: December 2021

English machine translation is a natural language processing research direction that has important scientific research value and practical value in the current artificial intelligence boom. The variability of language, the limited ability to express semantic information, and the lack of parallel corpus resources all limit the usefulness and popularity of English machine translation in practical applications. The self-attention mechanism has received a lot of attention in English machine translation tasks because of its highly parallelizable computing ability, which reduces the model’s training time and allows it to capture the semantic relevance of all words in the context. The efficiency of the self-attention mechanism, however, differs from that of recurrent neural networks because it ignores the position and structure information between context words. The English machine translation model based on the self-attention mechanism uses sine and cosine position coding to represent the absolute position information of words in order to enable the model to use position information between words. This method, on the other hand, can reflect relative distance but does not provide directionality. As a result, a new model of English machine translation is proposed, which is based on the logarithmic position representation method and the self-attention mechanism. This model retains the distance and directional information between words, as well as the efficiency of the self-attention mechanism. Experiments show that the nonstrict phrase extraction method can effectively extract phrase translation pairs from the n-best word alignment results and that the extraction constraint strategy can improve translation quality even further. Nonstrict phrase extraction methods and n-best alignment results can significantly improve the quality of translation translations when compared to traditional phrase extraction methods based on single alignment.
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Are Associated with Coexistent Severe Multivessel Coronary Artery Stenosis and Right Carotid Artery Severe Stenosis in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , Guo Dianxuan , Hu Youdong , Chen Ying
Published: December 2021

Oxidative stress and inflammatory response are the main pathogenic pathways in atherosclerosis stenosis. This study is aimed at evaluating the roles of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in coexistent right carotid artery severe stenosis and severe multivessel coronary artery stenosis in elderly patients. Circulating levels of total oxidant status (TOS), lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), 8‐isoprostane (8‐IP), malondialdehyde (MDA), monocyte chemotactic protein‐4 (MCP‐4), amyloid A (AA), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were measured by standardised laboratory test methods. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammatory response: levels of TOS, LHP, 8‐IP, MDA, MCP‐4, AA, hs‐CRP, and TNF‐α, were increased (P < 0.001) in elderly patient. These results suggested that oxidative stress and inflammatory response may be involved in carotid artery severe stenosis and severe multivessel coronary artery stenosis and measuring oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers may also be a promising step in the development of an effective method for monitoring the severity of right carotid artery stenosis and multivessel coronary artery stenosis in elderly patients.
Tonsillitis-Related Arthritis: Advanced Understandings of Tonsillitis and Sterile Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Kobayashi Shigeto , Kida Issei , Makiyama Yuuki , Taniguchi Yoshinori , Tada Kurisu , Tamura Naoto
Published: December 2021

A 49-year-old man developed acute aseptic arthritis of the nonmigratory and asymmetrical type in his knee, ankle, and bilateral metatarsal joints 13 days after treatment with antibiotics for acute tonsillitis. He was diagnosed with tonsillitis-related arthritis after other rheumatic diseases were ruled out. Treatment with salazosulfapyridine, methotrexate, and methylprednisolone for 3 months did not completely improve. Then, tonsillectomy was undertaken and arthritis rapidly improved. Finegoldia magna (previously Peptostreptococcus magnus) was cultured from the microabscesses of the resected tonsils. After outpatient follow-up, the patient did not experience a relapse of arthritis for more than 2.7 years without any treatment. Poststreptococcal reactive arthritis (PSRA) is well described. However, up to 40% of patients with tonsillitis-related arthritis did not demonstrate evidence of streptococcal infection. It is noted that tonsillectomy is necessary to remove the tonsillar microabscesses and eradicate bacterial infection of the tonsils, especially for patients with a prolonged and/or recurrent course of PSRA and/or tonsillitis-related arthritis.
[Retracted] Curcumin‐Chitosan Nanocomposite Formulation Containing Pongamia pinnata‐Mediated Silver Nanoparticles, Wound Pathogen Control, and Anti‐Inflammatory Potential
Authors: Shanmugam Rajeshkumar , Subramaniam Rajaduraipandian , Kathirason Sabeena Gabrial , Ali Daoud , Balusamy Sri Renukadevi , Gurusamy Annadurai , Arunachalam Kalirajan , Sellami Hanen
Published: December 2021

Background. Because of its diverse range of use in several ethics of diagnosis and care of multiple diseases, nanotechnology has seen remarkable growth and has become a key component of medical sciences. In recent years, there has been rapid advancement in medicine and biomaterials. Nanomedicine aids in illness prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Aim. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and cytotoxic capabilities of green produced silver nanoparticle with the addition of curcumin‐assisted chitosan nanocomposite (SCCN) against wound pathogenic as reducing agents. Materials and Methods. The plant extract of Pongamia pinnata, silver nanoparticles, and its based curcumin nanoformulations was studied in this study utilizing UV visible spectrophotometer, selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and TEM. Anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic tests were performed on silver nanoparticles with the addition of curcumin‐assisted chitosan nanocomposite (SCCN). Furthermore, these produced nanocomposites were coated on clinical silk and tested for antibacterial activity. Results. The produced silver nanoparticle with the addition of curcumin‐assisted chitosan nanocomposite (SCCN) has significant antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus. They are as well as possess anti‐inflammatory activity and furthermore prove to be biocompatible. Conclusion. This advancement in the field of biomaterials, which means nanocomposite, not only helps to reduce the harmful effects of pathogenic organisms while representing an environmentally benign material but it also shows to be a material with zero danger to humans and the environment.
Incidence of Adverse Effects of Propofol for Procedural Sedation/Anesthesia in the Pediatric Emergency Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guo Pengfei , Ran YingChun , Ao Xiaoxiao , Zou Qing , Tan Liping
Published: December 2021

Background. To investigate the incidence of adverse effects of propofol among pediatric population for sedation or anesthesia. Methods. We performed Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases to research relevant literature. We did sensitivity analysis to assess the incidence of adverse effects of propofol among pediatric population for sedation or anesthesia. Results. In 132 studies, eight RCTs were included in this analysis. The result showed that adverse events (bradypnea, hypotension, hypertension, and apnea) were significantly improved in the pediatric emergency population in the propofol group, but it had no effect on the incidence of cough attacks, desaturation, agitation, stridor, and laryngospasm. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis showed that those who received propofol for had decreased adverse effects compared with the patients who received ketamine treatment (SMD=0.44,95%CI=0.28,0.67,I2=0%, andP=0.0002), which demonstrated that propofol could decrease the incidence of adverse effects compared with ketamine and ketofol. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that propofol may decrease the incidence of bradypnea, hypotension, hypertension, and apnea, but it had no effect on the incidence of cough attacks, desaturation, agitation, stridor, and laryngospasm. Furthermore, more large RCTs are needed to assess incidence of adverse effects of propofol among pediatric population.
Microdroplet Actuation via Light Line Optoelectrowetting (LL-OEW)
Authors: Doering Christoph , Strassner Johannes , Fouckhardt Henning
Published: December 2021

Meanwhile, electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) is a well-known phenomenon, even often exploited in active micro-optics to change the curvature of microdroplet lenses or in analytical chemistry with digital microfluidics (DMF, lab on a chip 2.0) to move/actuate microdroplets. Optoelectrowetting (OEW) can bring more flexibility to DMF because in OEW, the operating point of the lab chip is locally controlled by a beam of light, usually impinging onto the chip perpendicularly. As opposed to pure EWOD, for OEW, none of the electrodes has to be structured, which makes the chip design and production technology simpler; the path of any actuated droplet is determined by the movement of the light spot. However, for applications in analytical chemistry, it would be helpful if the space both below as well as that above the lab chip were not obstructed by any optical components and light sources. Here, we report on the possibility to actuate droplets by laser light beams, which traverse the setup parallel to the chip surface and inside the OEW layer sequence. Since microdroplets are grabbed by this surface-parallel, nondiverging, and nonexpanded light beam, we call this principle “light line OEW” (LL-OEW).
Some Fixed Point Results in Premodular Special Space of Sequences and Their Associated Pre-Quasi-Operator Ideal
Authors: Bakery Awad A. , Mohamed Elsayed A. E. , Mohamed O. M. Kalthum S. K.
Published: December 2021

A weighted Nakano sequence space and thes-numbers it contains are the subject of this article, which explains the concept of the pre-quasi-norm and its operator ideal. We show that both Kannan contraction and nonexpansive mappings acting on these spaces have a fixed point. A slew of numerical experiments back up our findings. The presence of summable equations’ solutions is shown to be useful in a number of ways. Weight and power of the weighted Nakano sequence space are used to define the parameters for this technique, resulting in customizable solutions.
Modeling of the Dark Phase of Flight and the Impact Area for Meteorites of Real Shapes
Authors: Havrila Karol , Tóth Juraj , Kornoš Leonard
Published: December 2021

Aims. The complex dynamics of bodies, originating from the interplanetary matter and passing through Earth’s atmosphere, defines their further position, velocity, and final location on Earth’s surface in the form of meteorites. One of the important factors that affect the movement of a body in the atmosphere is its shape and orientation. Our goal is to model the interaction of real shape meteoroids with Earth’s atmosphere and compare the results with the standard spherical body approach. Methods. In the simulation, we use 3D models of fragments of the Košice meteorite with different sizes and shapes. Using a 3D model of fragments, we consider the real shape of the body to define its resistance properties during atmospheric transition more specifically. The simulation is performed using virtual wind tunnel in the MicroCFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software to obtain more realistic drag coefficients and using the µ(m)-Trajectory software to model the particle trajectory in the atmosphere including the wind profile. The final outputs from these programs are the drag coefficient as a function of the altitude and the particle orientation. Using these parameters we get the more realistic body trajectory and the impact area coordinates. Comparison of the results for real and spherical model meteorite impact location is discussed. Results. Simulation showed significant differences in trajectory and the impact area for the different real body orientations compared to the spherically symmetric body. Also, an important result is a difference in the impact area of the real body with a specific orientation without rotation and the body with considered rotation. The significant difference between the modeled impact of a real shape body and its real place of finding compared to a spherically symmetric body indicates the importance of the method used.
Hybrid Recommendation Scheme Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Ming Fangpeng , Tan Liang , Cheng Xiaofan
Published: December 2021

Big data has been developed for nearly a decade, and the information data on the network is exploding. Facing the complex and massive data, it is difficult for people to get the demanded information quickly, and the recommendation algorithm with its characteristics becomes one of the important methods to solve the massive data overload problem at this stage. In particular, the rise of the e-commerce industry has promoted the development of recommendation algorithms. Traditional, single recommendation algorithms often have problems such as cold start, data sparsity, and long-tail items. The hybrid recommendation algorithms at this stage can effectively avoid some of the drawbacks caused by a single algorithm. To address the current problems, this paper makes up for the shortcomings of a single collaborative model by proposing a hybrid recommendation algorithm based on deep learning IA-CN. The algorithm first uses an integrated strategy to fuse user-based and item-based collaborative filtering algorithms to generalize and classify the output results. Then deeper and more abstract nonlinear interactions between users and items are captured by improved deep learning techniques. Finally, we designed experiments to validate the algorithm. The experiments are compared with the benchmark algorithm on (Amazon item rating dataset), and the results show that the IA-CN algorithm proposed in this paper has better performance in rating prediction on the test dataset.
Research on Machine Learning-Based Error Correction Algorithm for Spoken French
Authors: Gao Jie
Published: December 2021

In order to overcome the problems of low error capture accuracy and long response time of traditional spoken French error correction algorithms, this study designed a French spoken error correction algorithm based on machine learning. Based on the construction of the French spoken pronunciation signal model, the algorithm analyzes the spectral features of French spoken pronunciation and then selects and classifies the features and captures the abnormal pronunciation signals. Based on this, the machine learning network architecture and the training process of the machine learning network are designed, and the operation structure of the algorithm, the algorithm program, the algorithm development environment, and the identification of oral errors are designed to complete the correction of oral French errors. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has high error capture accuracy and short response time, which prove its high efficiency and timeliness.
Understanding the Factors That Are Associated with Motorcycle Crash Severity in Rural and Urban Areas of Ghana
Authors: Agyemang William , Adanu Emmanuel Kofi , Jones Steven
Published: December 2021

Like many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Ghana has witnessed an increase in the use of motorcycles for both commercial transport and private transport of people and goods. The rapid rise in commercial motorcycle activities has been attributed to the problem of urban traffic congestion and the general lack of reliable and affordable public transport in rural areas. This study investigates and compares factors that are associated with motorcycle crash injury outcomes in rural and urban areas of Ghana. This comparison is particularly important because the commercial use of motorcycles and their rapid growth in urban areas are a new phenomenon, in contrast to rural areas where people have long relied on motorcycles for their transportation needs. Preliminary analysis of the crash data revealed that more of the rural area crashes occurred under dark and unlit roadway conditions, while urban areas recorded more intersection-related crashes. Additionally, it was found that more pedestrian collisions happened in urban areas, while head-on collisions happened more in rural areas. The model estimation results show that collisions with a pedestrian, run-off-road, and collisions that occur under dark and unlit roadway conditions were more likely to result in fatal injury. Findings from this study are expected to help in crafting and targeting appropriate countermeasures to effectively reduce the occurrence and severity of motorcycle crashes throughout the country and, indeed, sub-Saharan Africa.
Lateral Parametric Vibration of Footbridge under Pedestrian Excitation considering the Time‐Delay Effect
Authors: Chen Zhou , Lin Hongxin , Deng Deyuan , Xu Wanjie , Lu Hanwen , Chen Zepeng
Published: December 2021

Pedestrian excitation may consequently cause large‐scale lateral vibration of the long‐span softness of footbridges. Considering the influence of structural geometric nonlinearity, a nonlinear lateral parametric vibration model is established based on the relationship between force and speed. Taking the London Millennium Footbridge as an example, the Galerkin method is applied to formulate parametric vibration equations. In addition, the multi‐scale method is used to analyze the parametric vibration of footbridge system theoretically and numerically. The paper aims to find out the reasons for the large‐scale vibration of the Millennium Footbridge by calculating the critical number of pedestrians, amplitude‐frequency, and phase‐frequency characteristics of the Millennium Footbridge during parametric vibration. On the other hand, the paper also studies the influence parameters of the vibration amplitude as well as simulates the dynamic response of the bridge during the whole process of pedestrians on the footbridge. Finally, the paper investigates influences of the time‐delay effect on the system parameter vibration. Research shows that: the model established in the paper is reliable; the closer the walking frequency is to two times of the natural frequency, the fewer number of pedestrians are required to excite large vibrations; when the number of pedestrians exceeds the critical number in consideration of nonlinear vibration, the vibration amplitude tends to be stable constant‐amplitude vibration, and the amplitude of vibration response is unstable constant‐amplitude vibration when only linear vibration is considered; the following factors have an impact on the response amplitude, including the number of pedestrians on footbridge per unit time, damping, initial conditions, and the number of pedestrians in synchronized adjustment. At last, when considering the lag of the pedestrian’s force on the footbridge, the time‐lag effect has no effect on the amplitude but has an effect on the time needed to reach a stable amplitude.
Safety of Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Effect on Postoperative Pain and Quality of Life of Patients
Authors: Zhang Yunfeng , Liu Hua
Published: December 2021

Objective. To explore the safety of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and its impact on patients’ postoperative pain and quality of life. Methods. A total of 60 KOA patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the research objects. The knee joint scores (HSS) before and after TKA were compared, and the patients’ quality of life was evaluated using the Osteoarthritis Index of Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC). At the same time, the number of patients with complications was recorded, and the efficacy of TKA was comprehensively analyzed. Results. The postoperative HSS score was significantly higher than the preoperative score (P<0.05), the postoperative pain score increased with time, and the pain gradually decreased. The postoperative WOMAC score was significantly lower than the preoperative score (P<0.001), and the score at 6 months after surgery was significantly lower than that at 3 months after surgery (P<0.001). There were no complications such as severe prosthesis fracture, secondary sepsis, and patellar tendon rupture, and the total incidence of complications was 11.7%. The effective rate of treatment at 6 months after operation was 98.3%, which was significantly higher than that at 3 months after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion. Total knee arthroplasty can improve the knee joint function of patients with knee osteoarthritis, with low postoperative pain, low complication rate, and good quality of life for patients. It is worthy of promotion and application.
Cyclization Reactions Involving 2-Aminoarenetellurols and Derivatives of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Patel Jayna A. , Lee Aundrea M. , Franklin Donna V. , Fronczek Frank R. , Junk Thomas
Published: December 2021

The reductive cyclization of arenetellurols carrying α,β-unsaturated amide functionalities in the ortho position was investigated. Conceptually, such compounds can form 1,3-tellurazoles without the involvement of the unsaturation in the ring closure, they can form 1,4-tellurazinone derivatives, or they can undergo ring closure to 1,5-tellurazepinones. Amides derived from acrylic and methacrylic acid generated 1,5-tellurazepinones while 2-cinnamylamidobenzenetellurol cyclized to a 1,3-tellurazole derivative. In contrast, the reaction of acetylenedicarboxylic acid and its derivatives with 2-aminoarenetellurols generated 1,4-tellurazepinones, including a derivative of novel tricyclic naphtho [1, 4]tellurazinone. A comparison with analogous reactions of sulfur congeners indicates that their chemistry is a good predictor for the products obtained from 2-aminoarenetellurols. Selected compounds were characterized by X-ray crystallography. The present work offers access to previously unexplored organotellurium heterocycles.
Clear Aligners in Patients with Amelogenesis and Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Sawan Nozha M.
Published: December 2021

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) are hereditary abnormalities of dental hard tissues. Dental abnormalities may also be accompanied by symptoms of disorders such as osteogenesis imperfecta. AI and DI have a significant burden on socializing, function, and comfort; therefore, frequent screening and accurate diagnosis is the cornerstone of managing such conditions. Both AI and DI could be treated with many strategies, including restorative, prosthetic, periodontal, surgical, and orthodontics treatment. The interdisciplinary combination of orthodontic, prosthodontic, and periodontic treatment has been proven to improve the prognosis of AI and DI. Regarding orthodontic treatment, the most difficult element of orthodontic therapy may be maintaining a high level of motivation for what might be a prolonged form of treatment spanning several years. There are many forms of orthodontic management for AI and DI, including removable appliances, functional appliances, and fixed appliances. Clear aligner therapy (CAT) contains a broad range of equipment that works in different ways, has different construction processes, and is compatible with different malocclusion procedures. The application of CAT in patients with AI and DI is favorable over the fixed applicants. However, the available evidence regarding the application of CAT in AI is weak and heterogeneous. In this review, we discussed the current evidence regarding the application of clear CAT in patients with AI and DI.
The Analysis of OmpA and Rz/Rz1 of Lytic Bacteriophage from Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Sjahriani Tessa , Wasito Eddy Bagus , Tyasningsih Wiwiek
Published: December 2021

A good strategy to conquer the Escherichia coli-cause food-borne disease could be bacteriophages. Porins are a type of β-barrel proteins with diffuse channels and OmpA, which has a role in hydrophilic transport, is the most frequent porin in E. coli; it was also chosen as the potential receptor of the phage. And the Rz/Rz1 was engaged in the breakup of the host bacterial external membrane. This study aimed to analyze the amino acid of OmpA and Rz/Rz1 of lytic bacteriophage from Surabaya, Indonesia. This study employed a sample of 8 bacteriophages from the previous study. The OmpA analysis method was mass spectrometry. Rz/Rz1 was analyzed using PCR, DNA sequencing, Expasy Translation, and Expasy ProtParam. The result obtained 10% to 29% sequence coverage of OmpA, carrying the ligand-binding site. The Rz/Rz1 gene shares a high percentage of 97.04% to 98.89% identities with the Siphoviridae isolate ctTwQ4, partial genome, and Myoviridae isolate cthRA4, partial genome. The Mann–Whitney statistical tests indicate the significant differences between Alanine, Aspartate, Glycine, Proline, Serine (

p
=
0.011

), Asparagine, Cysteine (

p
=
0.009

), Isoleucine (

p
=
0.043

), Lysine (

p
=
0.034

), Methionine (

p
=
0.001

), Threonine (

p
=
0.018

), and Tryptophan (

p
=
0.007

) of OmpA and Rz/Rz1. The conclusion obtained from this study is the fact that OmpA acts as Phage 1, Phage 2, Phage 3, Phage 5, and Phage 6 receptors for its peptide composition comprising the ligand binding site, and Rz/Rz1 participates in host bacteria lysis.
Evaluation of Compression Behaviors of Marine Clay Reinforced with Waste Shredded Tires
Authors: Geng Weijuan , Liu Hao , Yin Jie , Du Yongwei , Kumah Daniel
Published: December 2021

This study evaluates the compression behaviors of a soft marine clay reinforced with waste shredded tire (WST) at different sizes (<0.5 mm, 0.5–2.0 mm, and 2.0–4.0 mm) and contents (15%, 35%, and 50%). Results from compression tests indicate that the compression index (Cc) of WST‐reinforced soft clay decreases with increasing WST shred size and content. The swelling index (Cs) increases as the WST shred size and content increase. The difference in compression curves becomes more significant for composite reinforced at large shred size. The void indexes of WST‐reinforced Lianyungang clay can be well normalized regardless of WST shred size and content by a regression line. The WST dominates the compression behavior of the WST‐clay composite, as the WST would be compressed prior to the clay particles. The results in this study provide an optimum WST content at 50% with shred size of 2.0–4.0 mm for reinforcing the Lianyungang marine clay for achieving higher compressibility, contributing to the input database of machine learning for WST‐reinforced soil.
The Use of ZigBee Wireless Communication Technology in Industrial Automation Control
Authors: Ding ShuYu , Liu JianLi , Yue MingHong
Published: December 2021

With the accelerating process of world industrialization, countries pay more attention to industrial modernization. In order to solve the problems of traditional control technology and system with low accuracy, high energy consumption, and high delay in industrial automation control and the difficulty in adapting to the new industrial production process, the new industrial automation control system is discussed and studied. The industrial automation control is studied, and a new monitoring system is designed for automation control by using ZigBee wireless communication technology. The design of the system data communication scheme is completed by the in‐depth study and summary of ZigBee wireless communication technology. The hardware structure and software structure of ZigBee wireless communication module are designed, and the wireless monitoring system using ZigBee is established. Taking the production workshop of a pharmaceutical factory as the monitoring object, the working stability and data transmission efficiency of the model are tested. The experiment shows that the ZigBee wireless transmission model has lower temperature and better stability than the wired transmission system in the working process. Compared with the traditional wired control system, the temperature of ZigBee wireless control system is lower when it works. The difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature is 0.1°C. In the overall work flow, the system temperature is lower than that of the wired control. ZigBee wireless control has good stability. Subsequently, the method of manually setting obstacles is used to test the effectiveness of data transmission. The experiment found that in the absence of barrier, the maximum effective transmission distance was 40 meters, and the packet loss rate was very low, which could ensure the timeliness of data. Therefore, this system can be applied to industrial automation control. The research results can provide some reference for the design of new control systems in other industrial control fields. The improved system can also be applied to other industries. ZigBee is a short‐range technology for wireless sensor networks, and it is a two‐way communication technology with low power consumption, low data rate, and low cost. It can be applied to automatic control and remote control. This provides a platform for wireless networking and control of small and cheap devices. ZigBee will not compete with connection technologies such as Wi‐Fi. Meanwhile, it will greatly stimulate the progress of the industrial market.
[Retracted] Secure Complex Systems: A Dynamic Model in the Synchronization
Authors: Hamad Abdulsattar Abdullah , Thivagar M. Lellis , Alshudukhi Jalawi , Alharbi Talal Saad , Aljaloud Saud , Alhamazani Khalid Twarish , Meraf Zelalem
Published: December 2021

Chaotic systems are one of the most significant systems of the technological period because their qualities must be updated on a regular basis in order for the speed of security and information transfer to rise, as well as the system’s stability. The purpose of this research is to look at the special features of the nine‐dimensional, difficult, and highly nonlinear hyperchaotic model, with a particular focus on synchronization. Furthermore, several criteria for such models have been examined; Hamiltonian, synchronizing, Lyapunov expansions, and stability are some of the terms used. The geometrical requirements, which play an important part in the analysis of dynamic systems, are also included in this research due to their importance. The synchronization and control of complicated networks’ most nonlinear control is important to use and is based on two major techniques. The linearization approach and the Lyapunov stability theory are the foundation for attaining system synchronization in these two ways.
Relationship between the Formation of PM2.5 and Meteorological Factors in Northern China: The Periodic Characteristics of Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Meng Yuanyuan , Sun Wanlong
Published: December 2021

China’s rapid urbanisation and industrialisation have led to frequent haze in China in recent years. Although many measures to control haze have been implemented, no significant improvement has been observed, and haze still exists. In this study, we used wavelet transform to investigate the changes in PM2.5 on the time scale, the relationship amongst meteorological factors, and the causes and changes in haze formation and take measures to prevent haze. Results indicated the following: (1) The peak of PM2.5 changes in winter in the past three years primarily occurred in the range from 11:00 to 13:00 and 20:00 to 22:00. (2) Multiple cycles of daily average PM2.5 concentrations existed in 3–5 d, 6–14 d, 6–21 d, and 16–27 d, with a significant oscillation in 6–14 d and stable cycle characteristics. (3) The meteorological factors promoted the formation of haze to a certain extent. When haze occurred, the near-surface wind speed was only 1 m/s, which was not conducive to the spread of pollutants. (4) The formation of haze was affected by the interaction of various factors; the photochemical reactions of NO2 and O3 also exacerbated the formation of pollutants. This study provided a clear direction for the prevention and prediction of haze. Furthermore, the government must take relevant measures to reduce pollutant emissions and ensure the air quality of cities in winter.
Influence of Healthy Physical Fitness on the Teaching of Aerobics Course Based on Big Data Mining Technology
Authors: Xiao Laipeng
Published: December 2021

Healthy physical fitness is one of the hot topics discussed by scholars at home and abroad in recent years, and it is a key indicator for evaluating students’ physical function and body shape. Aerobics, also known as bodybuilding, means that the body and health of students should have a better promotion effect, but in reality, many students found that after elective aerobics, body shape and health level basically did not improve, which is related to the setting of aerobics courses, especially the lack of physical training. Aerobics and other sports have common requirements in physical training, such as strength quality, speed quality, endurance quality, agility quality, and flexibility quality. This article is aimed at studying the impact of healthy physical fitness based on big data mining technology on the teaching of aerobics. On the basis of analyzing the process of data mining, the composition of healthy physical fitness, and the role of aerobics, it is used to test students in a certain university through experimental methods and statistical methods. Carry out aerobics teaching experiment, and compare and analyze the data measured by the experimental samples. The experimental results show that the use of healthy physical fitness in aerobics teaching can effectively promote the learning and improvement of aerobics skills.
Developing a Model for the University Course Timetabling Problem: A Case Study
Authors: Mokhtari Mozhgan , Vaziri Sarashk Majid , Asadpour Milad , Saeidi Nadia , Boyer Omid
Published: December 2021

Over recent years, timetable programming in academic settings has become particularly challenging due to such factors as the growing number of students, the variety of lectures, the inadequacy of educational facilities in some areas, and the incorporation of teachers and students’ preferences into the schedule. Many researchers, therefore, have been formulating the problem of timetabling lectures using different methods. In this research, a multiobjective mixed‐integer programming model was developed to provide a timetable for the postgraduate courses at the Industrial Engineering Department of Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch (IAUN). The proposed model minimized the violation of the lecturers and educational priorities, the student travel time between classes, and the classes’ surplus capacity. To convert the multiobjective model into a single one, the ε‐constraint method was adopted, and the model’s accuracy and feasibility were examined through a real example solved by the CPLEX solver of GAMS software. The results approved the efficiency of this model in preparing a timetable for university lectures.
Power Prediction of Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) Using Machine Learning Algorithm‐Based Paradigm
Authors: Siddiqui Raheel , Anwar Hafeez , Ullah Farman , Ullah Rehmat , Rehman Muhammad Abdul , Jan Naveed , Zaman Fawad
Published: December 2021

Power prediction is important not only for the smooth and economic operation of a combined cycle power plant (CCPP) but also to avoid technical issues such as power outages. In this work, we propose to utilize machine learning algorithms to predict the hourly‐based electrical power generated by a CCPP. For this, the generated power is considered a function of four fundamental parameters which are relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature, and exhaust vacuum. The measurements of these parameters and their yielded output power are used to train and test the machine learning models. The dataset for the proposed research is gathered over a period of six years and taken from a standard and publicly available machine learning repository. The utilized machine algorithms are K‐nearest neighbors (KNN), gradient‐boosted regression tree (GBRT), linear regression (LR), artificial neural network (ANN), and deep neural network (DNN). We report state‐of‐the‐art performance where GBRT outperforms not only the utilized algorithms but also all the previous methods on the given CCPP dataset. It achieves the minimum values of root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.58 and absolute error (AE) of 1.85.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ВАРІАБЕЛЬНОСТІ СЕРЦЕВОГО РИТМУ В ДІТЕЙ ІЗ КАРДІОГЕННИМИ СИНКОПЕ
Authors: Ковальчук Т. А.
Published: December 2021

Резюме. Дисбаланс  автономної нервової системи є одним із основних патофізіологічних механізмів розвитку синкопе. В основі їх розвитку будь-якого генезу лежить зниження системного артеріального тиску, що спричиняє зменшення загального мозкового кровотоку та призводить до втрати свідомості. Доведено, що саме раптове припинення мозкового кровотоку на 6–8 с спричиняє втрату свідомості.
Мета дослідження – вивчити особливості часових та частотних показників варіабельності серцевого ритму в дітей із кардіогенними синкопе.
Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 19 пацієнтів із кардіогенними синкопе та 41 практично здорову дитину  віком 8–17 років. У постановіці діагнозу кардіогенного синкопе використовували рекомендації Європейської асоціації кардіології (2018). Часові (SDАNN, RMSSD, pNN50) та частотні показники варіабельності серцевого ритму (TP, VLF, LF, HF, LF/HF) вивчали за допомогою триканального добового монітору електрокардіосигналів SDM3 (Україна). Рівень 25(ОН)D у сироватці крові визначали колориметричним методом імуноферментного аналізу з використанням тест-системи Monobind (США).
Результати. У хворих основної та контрольної груп показники варіабельності серцевого ритму SDАNN, RMSSD, pNN50 та LF/HF не відрізнялися (p>0,05). Однак у пацієнтів із кардіогенними синкопе реєструвалися високі показники TP (12751,64±2060,01) мс2, (5482,44±396,87) мс2; р=0,00005, VLF (6615,17±819,89) мс2; (3906,29±269,09) мс2; р=0,003, LF (5194,583±797,16) мс2; (2379,22±172,60) мс2; р=0,0015 та HF (4049,14±774,07) мс2; (2446,54±316,16) мс2; р=0,028  порівняно зі здоровими дітьми. Встановлено прямий кореляційний зв’язок між рівнем вітаміну 25(ОН)D та показником pNN50 (r=0,49; p=0,04), що свідчить про можливий вплив дефіциту вітаміну D на порушення діяльності автономної нервової системи у дітей із синкопе. Отримані результати можуть бути корисними у застосуванні аналізу варіабельності серцевого ритму як самостійного критерію моніторингу стану пацієнта із кардіогенними синкопе й оцінки ефективності проведеного лікування.
Висновки. Функціональний стан автономної нервової системи у дітей із кардіогенними синкопе характеризується збалансованим вегетативним впливом на серцеву діяльність. При цьому спостерігається напруження адаптаційних систем на тлі зростання активності симпатичної та парасимпатичної ланок регуляції й високого рівня активності центральних контурів регуляції серцевого ритму.
МОРФОМЕТРИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ АНАЛІЗУ ВІКОВИХ СТРУКТУРНИХ ЗМІН АРТЕРІЙ СЕЧІВНИКА
Authors: Гнатюк М. С. , Нестерук С. О. , Татарчук Л. В. , Монастирська Н. Я.
Published: December 2021

Резюме. Дослідження ангіоархітектоніки інтраорганного судинного русла в нормі й при різних патологічних станах постійно знаходиться в полі інтересів науковців. Варто зазначити, що різнотиповість вікових судинних реакцій сечівника залишаються суперечливими.
Мета дослідження – морфометрично дослідити вікові структурні зміни артерій сечівника.
Матеріали і методи. Комплексом морфологічних методів досліджені артерії сечівника 15 свиней-самців в′єтнамської породи, яких поділили на 2 групи: перша нарахувала 8 інтактних практично здорових тварин віком 3,5–4 місяці, друга – 7 інтактних свиней віком 6,5–7 місяців. Із сечівника виготовляли гістологічні мікропрепарати. Проводили морфометрію артерій сечівника і вимірювали їх зовнішній та внутрішній діаметри, товщини медії та адвентиції, висоту ендотеліоцитів, діаметр їх ядер, визначали індекс Вогенворта, ядерно-цитоплазматичні відношення в ендотеліоцитах та відносний об′єм ушкоджених ендотеліоцитів. Кількісні показники оброблялися статистично.
Результати. Встановлено, що з віком суттєво змінювалися морфометричні параметри артерій переважно дрібного калібру сечівника. Зовнішній діаметр досліджуваних судин збільшився усього на 0,6 %, товщина медії – на 9,8 %, індекс Вогенворта – на 21,9 %, товщина адвентиції – на 35,2 % (р<0,001). Внутрішній діаметр артерій дрібного калібру зменшився на 9,3 % (р<0,001). Виявлене свідчило про вікове зниження пропускної здатності артерій сечівника і погіршання його кровопостачання. З віком виникають атрофічні та апоптичні зміни в ендотеліоцитах при стабільності клітинного структурного гомеостазу.
Висновки. Вікова структурна перебудова артерій сечівника у дослідних тварин характеризується потовщенням їх стінки, зростанням товщини медії, адвентиції, індексу Вогенворта, звуженням їх просвіту, зниженням пропускної спроможності досліджуваних судин та погіршанням кровопостачання органа. З віком зменшується висота ендотеліоцитів, діаметри їх ядер, зростає відносний об′єм ушкоджених ендотеліоцитів при стабільності клітинного структурного гомеостазу. Ступінь вікового ремоделювання досліджуваних судин домінує в артеріях дрібного калібру сечівника.
ВПЛИВ COVID-19 НА СИСТЕМУ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Габор В. С. , Марущак М. І. , Габор Г. Г. , Криницька І. Я.
Published: December 2021

Резюме. Пандемія COVID-19 показала, як уразливі місця у системі охорони здоров’я можуть мати глибокі наслідки для здоров’я населення, економічного прогресу, довіри до уряду та соціальної згуртованості.

Мета дослідження – проаналізувати вплив COVID-19 на систему охорони здоров’я.

Матеріали і методи. В мережі «Internet» було проаналізовано доступну наукову літературу щодо впливу COVID-19 на усі сфери господарювання.

Результати. Пандемія COVID-19 зумовила трансформацію фіскального простору для охорони здоров’я, формування якого відбувається на етапах: збирання фінансових ресурсів, їх акумулювання та розподілу. З огляду на такі глибокі зміни на глобальному рівні, постає питання про потребу трансформації діючих концептуальних підходів та розроблення нової моделі економічних відносин в охороні здоров’я та зміни її ролі у формуванні бюджетної та економічної політики. Згідно з даними державної служби статистики України, пандемія COVID-19 спричинила одну з найважчих криз української економіки за останні роки. Варто при цьому відмітити, що протидія коронавірусу негативно вплинула на економіку України, в основному за рахунок урядових рішень, а не ринкового дисбалансу, як це має місце у випадку економічних та фінансових криз.

Висновки. Боротьба з епідемією залежить від узгоджених і швидких дій уряду, економічного стану держави, технологічних інновацій, наукового розвитку та свідомості кожного громадянина. Відсутність довіри населення до уряду веде до низького рівня вакцинації проти коронавірусу.
РОЗВИТОК ПАРОДОНТАЛЬНОГО СИНДРОМУ В ЩУРІВ ЗА УМОВ СТРЕПТОЗОЦИНІНДУКОВАНОЇ ДІАБЕТИЧНОЇ НЕЙРОПАТІЇ
Authors: Котвицька А. А. , Криворучко Т. Д. , Непорада К. С. , Береговий С. М.
Published: December 2021

Вступ. Відповідно до оцінки ВООЗ, у 2019 р. цукровий діабет став безпосередньою причиною 1,5 мільйона випадків смерті. За даними Міжнародної федерації діабету 2011 р., кількість хворих на цукровий діабет у світі досягла рекордної цифри – 366 мільйонів, а у 2030 р. становитиме 552 мільйони. Діабетична периферична нейропатія є найпоширенішим ускладненням цукрового діабету і причиною низької якості життя, порушення працездатності у великої кількості хворих. Відомо, що ускладненням цукрового діабету, який призводить до розвитку діабетичної нейропатії, є пародонтальний синдром, механізми якого ще недостатньо вивчено.

Мета дослідження – виявити патологічні зміни у тканинах пародонта щурів за умов стрептозоцин­індукованої діабетичної нейропатії.

Методи дослідження. Піддослідним тваринам моделювали діабетичну нейропатію шляхом одноразового введення стрептозоцину (Streptozocin, “Sigma”, США) внутрішньочеревно з розрахунку 65 мг/кг. На 30-ту добу експерименту виконували глюкозотолерантний тест. Підтвердження розвитку діабетичної нейропатії оцінювали, вимірюючи поріг больової чутливості за допомогою тензоалгометричного тесту Randall-Selitto. У м’яких тканинах пародонта щурів визначали загальну протеолітичну активність, загальну антитриптичну активність, вміст ТБК-активних продуктів, вміст окисномодифікованих протеї­нів та активність каталази, вміст вільної фукози і глікозаміногліканів.

Результати й обговорення. У результаті проведених досліджень встановлено, що у тварин, яким моделювали діабетичну нейропатію, поріг больової чутливості значно зростав у всі дні вимірювання порівняно з початковим значенням ((100,1±3,4) %): на 14-й день після введення стрептозоцину він збільшився на (22,4±8,4) % (p<0,05), а на 28-й – на (100,9±15,3) % (p<0,001). За умов розвитку діабетичної нейропатії у тканинах пародонта щурів зростав вміст вільної фукози та глікозаміногліканів порівняно з контрольними тваринами. Спостерігали підвищення загальної протеолітичної активності на тлі збільшення рівня інгібіторів протеїназ та інтенсифікацію вільнорадикальних процесів з розвитком оксидативного стресу.

Висновок. Стрептозоциніндукована діабетична нейропатія призводить до розвитку пародонтального синдрому в щурів, про що свідчать активація протеолітичних процесів, розвиток оксидативного стресу, підвищення катаболізму глікопротеїнів та протеогліканів сполучної тканини пародонта.