bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highlighting Current Trends in Volunteered Geographic Information
Authors: Jonietz David , Antonio Vyron , See Linda , Zipf Alexander
Published: July 2017

Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) is a growing area of research. This Special Issue aims to capture the main trends in VGI research based on 16 original papers, and distinguishes between two main areas, i.e., those that deal with the characteristics of VGI and those focused on applications of VGI. The topic of quality assessment and assurance dominates the papers on VGI characteristics, whereas application-oriented work covers three main domains: human behavioral analysis, natural disasters, and land cover/land use mapping. In this Special Issue, therefore, both the challenges and the potentials of VGI are addressed.
Abscopal Activation of Microglia in Embryonic Fish Brain Following Targeted Irradiation with Heavy-Ion Microbeam
Authors: Yasuda Takako , Kamahori Miyuki , Nagata Kento , Watanabe-Asaka Tomomi , Suzuki Michiyo , Funayama Tomoo , Mitani Hiroshi , Oda Shoji
Published: July 2017

Microglia remove apoptotic cells by phagocytosis when the central nervous system is injured in vertebrates. Ionizing irradiation (IR) induces apoptosis and microglial activation in embryonic midbrain of medaka (Oryzias latipes), where apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is upregulated in the later phase of activation of microglia In this study, we found that another microglial marker, l-plastin (lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1), was upregulated at the initial phase of the IR-induced phagocytosis when activated microglia changed their morphology and increased motility to migrate. We further conducted targeted irradiation to the embryonic midbrain using a collimated microbeam of carbon ions (250 μm diameter) and found that the l-plastin upregulation was induced only in the microglia located in the irradiated area. Then, the activated microglia might migrate outside of the irradiated area and spread through over the embryonic brain, expressing ApoE and with activated morphology, for longer than 3 days after the irradiation. These findings suggest that l-plastin and ApoE can be the biomarkers of the activated microglia in the initial and later phase, respectively, in the medaka embryonic brain and that the abscopal and persisted activation of microglia by IR irradiation could be a cause of the abscopal and/or adverse effects following irradiation.
Comparative Investigation of Tungsten Fibre Nets Reinforced Tungsten Composite Fabricated by Three Different Methods
Authors: Zhang Linhui , Jiang Yan , Fang Qianfeng , Liu Rui , Xie Zhuoming , Zhang Tao , Wang Xianping , Liu Changsong
Published: July 2017

Tungsten fibre nets reinforced tungsten composites (Wf/W) containing four net layers were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot pressing (HP) and cold rolling after HP (HPCR), with the weight fraction of fibres being 17.4%, 10.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The relative density of the HPCRed samples is the highest (99.8%) while that of the HPed composites is the lowest (95.1%). Optical and scanning electron microscopy and electron back scattering diffraction were exploited to characterize the microstructure, while tensile and hardness tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the samples. It was found that partial recrystallization of fibres occurred after the sintering at 1800 °C. The SPSed and HPed Wf/W composites begin to exhibit plastic deformation at 600 °C with tensile strength (TS) of 536 and 425 MPa and total elongation at break (TE) of 11.6% and 23.0%, respectively, while the HPCRed Wf/W composites exhibit plastic deformation at around 400 °C. The TS and TE of the HPCRed Wf/W composites at 400 °C are 784 MPa and 8.4%, respectively. The enhanced mechanical performance of the Wf/W composites over the pure tungsten can be attributed to the necking, cracking, and debonding of the tungsten fibres.
Preserving Flake Size in an African Flake Graphite Ore Beneficiation Using a Modified Grinding and Pre-Screening Process
Authors: Sun Kangkang , Qiu Yangshuai , Zhang Lingyan
Published: July 2017

As the high value and the scarcity of large-flake graphite ore resources, it is in the best interest to maximize the amount of large flakes and minimize any processing that will reduce flake sizes. In the study, the mineralogy of an African graphite ore was estimated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and optical microscope analyses. The results indicated that it was a heavily weathered large flake graphite ore and the main gangue minerals were quartz and kaolinite. The graphite flakes were thick, bent, and fractured, and some clay minerals were embedded into the graphite interlayer, which made it difficult to prevent the large flakes from being destroyed using mechanical grinding methods. An approach of steel rod coarse grinding and pebble regrinding effectively reduced the destruction of graphite flakes and improved the grinding efficiency. In addition, comparing with the conventional process, a pre-screening process was applied and the content of large flakes in the final concentrate was significantly improved.
Ranatensin-HL: A Bombesin-Related Tridecapeptide from the Skin Secretion of the Broad-Folded Frog, Hylarana latouchii
Authors: Lin Yan , Chen Tianbao , Zhou Mei , Wang Lei , Su Songkun , Shaw Chris
Published: July 2017

Bombesin-related peptides are a family of peptides whose prototype was discovered in amphibian skin and which exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Since the initial isolation of bombesin from Bombina bombina skin, diverse forms of bombesin-related peptides have been found in the skins across Anura. In this study, a novel bombesin-related peptide of the ranatensin subfamily, named ranatensin-HL, was structurally-characterised from the skin secretion of the broad-folded frog, Hylarana latouchii, through combination of molecular cloning and mass spectrometric methodologies. It is composed of 13 amino acid residues, pGlu-RAGNQWAIGHFM-NH2, and resembles an N-terminally extended form of Xenopus neuromedin B. Ranatensin-HL and its C-terminal decapeptide (ranatensin-HL-10) were chemically synthesised and subjected to in vitro smooth muscle assays in which they were found to display moderate stimulatory effects on rat urinary bladder and uterus smooth muscles with EC50 values in the range of 1–10 nM. The prepro-ranatensin-HL was highly homological to a bombesin-like peptide from Rana catesbeiana at both nucleotide and amino acid levels, which might provide a clue for the taxonomic classification of ranid frogs in the future.
Synthesis and Self-Assembled Behavior of pH-Responsive Chiral Liquid Crystal Amphiphilic Copolymers Based on Diosgenyl-Functionalized Aliphatic Polycarbonate
Authors: Guo Zhi-Hao , Liu Xiao-Feng , Hu Jian-She , Yang Li-Qun , Chen Zhang-Pei
Published: July 2017

The morphological control of polymer micellar aggregates is an important issue in applications such as nanomedicine and material science. Stimuli responsive soft materials have attracted significant attention for their well-controlled morphologies. However, despite extensive studies, it is still a challenge to prepare nanoscale assemblies with responsive behaviors. Herein, a new chiral liquid crystal (LC) aliphatic polycarbonate with side chain bearing diosgenyl mesogen, named mPEG43-PMCC25-P(MCC-DHO)15, was synthesized through the ring-opening polymerization and coupling reaction. The self-assembled behavior of the LC copolymer was explored. In aqueous solution, the functionalized copolymer could self-organize into different nanostructures with changing pH value, such as nanospheres and nanofibers. This would offer new possibilities in the design of nanostructured organic materials.
An Advanced Rotation Invariant Descriptor for SAR Image Registration
Authors: Xiang Yuming , Wang Feng , Wan Ling , You Hongjian
Published: July 2017

The Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm and its many variants have been widely used in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image registration. The SIFT-like algorithms maintain rotation invariance by assigning a dominant orientation for each keypoint, while the calculation of dominant orientation is not robust due to the effect of speckle noise in SAR imagery. In this paper, we propose an advanced local descriptor for SAR image registration to achieve rotation invariance without assigning a dominant orientation. Based on the improved intensity orders, we first divide a circular neighborhood into several sub-regions. Second, rotation-invariant ratio orientation histograms of each sub-region are proposed by accumulating the ratio values of different directions in a rotation-invariant coordinate system. The proposed descriptor is composed of the concatenation of the histograms of each sub-region. In order to increase the distinctiveness of the proposed descriptor, multiple image neighborhoods are aggregated. Experimental results on several satellite SAR images have shown an improvement in the matching performance over other state-of-the-art algorithms.
A Microfluidic pH Measurement Device with a Flowing Liquid Junction
Authors: Yamada Akira , Suzuki Miho
Published: July 2017

The pH values of aqueous solutions are conventionally measured with pH-sensitive electrodes such as glass electrodes or ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) used in conjunction with Ag/AgCl reference electrodes and KCl solutions. The speed of pH measurement with these systems can be deficient, however, as the glass electrode responds slowly during measurements of sample solutions with low buffering capacities. Our group has constructed a new pH measurement system using a microfluidic device and ISFET sensors. The device has a channel with two inlets and one outlet, with a junction connected to a Y-shaped channel on the same plane. Two ISFET sensors and an Ag/AgCl pseudo reference electrode are fitted into the channel to construct a differential measurement device. A sample solution and baseline solution supplied into the inlets by gravity-driven pumps form a flowing liquid junction during measurement. The small size and fast response of the ISFET sensors enable measurement of about 2.0 mL of sample solution over a measurement period of 120 s. The 90% response time is within 2 s. The calibrated sensor signal exhibits a wide range (pH 1.68–10.0) of linearity with a correlation factor of 0.9997. The measurement error for all solutions tested, including diluted solutions, was 0.0343 ± 0.0974 pH (average error ± standard deviation (S.D.), n = 42). The new device developed in this research will serve as an innovative technology in the field of potentiometry.
A Modified Differential Coherent Bit Synchronization Algorithm for BeiDou Weak Signals with Large Frequency Deviation
Authors: Han Zhifeng , Liu Jianye , Li Rongbing , Zeng Qinghua , Wang Yi
Published: July 2017

BeiDou system navigation messages are modulated with a secondary NH (Neumann-Hoffman) code of 1 kbps, where frequent bit transitions limit the coherent integration time to 1 millisecond. Therefore, a bit synchronization algorithm is necessary to obtain bit edges and NH code phases. In order to realize bit synchronization for BeiDou weak signals with large frequency deviation, a bit synchronization algorithm based on differential coherent and maximum likelihood is proposed. Firstly, a differential coherent approach is used to remove the effect of frequency deviation, and the differential delay time is set to be a multiple of bit cycle to remove the influence of NH code. Secondly, the maximum likelihood function detection is used to improve the detection probability of weak signals. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to analyze the detection performance of the proposed algorithm compared with a traditional algorithm under the CN0s of 20~40 dB-Hz and different frequency deviations. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the traditional method with a frequency deviation of 50 Hz. This algorithm can remove the effect of BeiDou NH code effectively and weaken the influence of frequency deviation. To confirm the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, real data tests are conducted. The proposed algorithm is suitable for BeiDou weak signal bit synchronization with large frequency deviation.
The Location Matters: Determinants for “Deepening” and “Broadening” Diversification Strategies in Ruhr Metropolis’ Urban Farming
Authors: Pölling Bernd , Mergenthaler Marcus
Published: July 2017

Consumer-oriented diversification activities, such as direct sale (“deepening”) as well as tourism services and care farming (“broadening”), are common business strategies of farms within urban areas. This empirical study investigates determinants of urban farming’s diversification decisions by analyzing a dataset of 123 farmers in German Ruhr Metropolis. Binary logit models are used here as econometric method to determine characteristics influencing the decision to diversify. Farm characteristics, which encourage the implementation of “deepening” strategies, are: larger farm sizes, high-value production, organic farming, and livestock production. By contrast, the consumer-oriented “broadening” strategies tourism services and care farming prevail on smaller farms and on farms with horses and higher grassland shares. Agricultural extension services increase the odds to diversify. The results of the conducted binary logistic regressions show increasing odds and predicted probabilities for “deepening” and “broadening” activities when approaching the city. Farms’ location advantages close to cities can be used best when applying consumer-oriented “deepening” or “broadening” strategies; namely, direct sale or other short supply chains, tourism services, and care farming. Viable business strategies of urban farming support a forward-looking integration into urban economy, society, and decision-making.
Feasibility Study of a Table Prototype Made of High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Baioni Elisa , Alessi Roberto , Corinaldesi Valeria , Lancioni Giovanni , Rizzini Robin
Published: July 2017

The challenging and innovative idea of realizing a table totally made of fiber-reinforced concrete is explored through an interdisciplinary research activity, where contributions coming from different fields (design, material science, experimental testing, numerical modeling) are combined. The paper describes the different phases of the study, starting from the design of the table, moving through the development of a purpose-made high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete and the mechanical characterization via experimental testing, and concluding with numerical modeling. Numerical results are determined by implementing a damage plasticity constitutive model in a finite element code. The mechanical response of the table has been analyzed for different loading and boundary conditions, and an exhaustive and complete picture of the possible failure mechanisms has been drawn. Simulations have clearly described the different stress-softening processes of damage evolution and plastic strains localization, pointing out the vulnerable parts of the table. Finally, strategies for improving the table mechanical performances are discussed.
Telomeres and Telomerase: Role in Marek’s Disease Virus Pathogenesis, Integration and Tumorigenesis
Authors: Kheimar Ahmed , Previdelli Renato , Wight Darren , Kaufer Benedikt
Published: July 2017

Telomeres protect the ends of vertebrate chromosomes from deterioration and consist of tandem nucleotide repeats (TTAGGG)n that are associated with a number of proteins. Shortening of the telomeres occurs during genome replication, thereby limiting the replication potential of somatic cells. To counteract this shortening, vertebrates encode the telomerase complex that maintains telomere length in certain cell types via de novo addition of telomeric repeats. Several herpesviruses, including the highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus Marek’s disease virus (MDV), harbor telomeric repeats (TMR) identical to the host telomere sequences at the ends of their linear genomes. These TMR facilitate the integration of the MDV genome into host telomeres during latency, allowing the virus to persist in the host for life. Integration into host telomeres is critical for disease and tumor induction by MDV, but also enables efficient reactivation of the integrated virus genome. In addition to the TMR, MDV also encodes a telomerase RNA subunit (vTR) that shares 88% sequence identity with the telomerase RNA in chicken (chTR). vTR is highly expressed during all stages of the virus lifecycle, enhances telomerase activity and plays an important role in MDV-induced tumor formation. This review will focus on the recent advances in understanding the role of viral TMR and vTR in MDV pathogenesis, integration and tumorigenesis.
Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration under Ultrasound Guidance: Experience from an Academic Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon
Authors: Hajj Boutros Rita , Haddad Maurice , Boulos Fouad , Arabi Asma
Published: July 2017

Thyroid nodules are common. Malignancy was reported in only 5-15% of cases. Fine needle aspiration under US guidance (USG-FNA) proved to be accurate for the detection of thyroid cancer. This is a retrospective review of 400 radiology and cytology USG-FNA reports, randomly selected among those done at the Radiology Department at a tertiary care center in Beirut during the last five years. The specimen was inadequate in 60 (12%) of cases but FNA was repeated in 10 cases only. The final diagnosis was benign in 76.7% of cases, mostly in women. 35% of the malignant and 19% of the benign nodules were hypoechoic, p=0.03. No significant correlation was observed between malignancy and other ultrasonic characteristics. Hypoechogenecity was also more common in nodules with inadequate specimen (40% versus 21.4%, p=0.01). Age, gender, location and size of the nodule did not differ between groups of adequate and inadequate specimen. In conclusion, 3 out of 4 thyroid nodules referred for USG-FNA are benign, mostly in women. Inadequate specimen was observed in 12% of cases. Hypoechogenecity but not other ultrasonic characteristics was associated with malignancy and with test failure.

 

Key words: Thyroid nodule, fine needle aspirate, ultrasound guidance, thyroid cancer, inadequate.
Problems in Translating The Names of Dog Breeds From the Perspective of Different Nomination Principles and Linguistic Relativity
Authors: Suchanova Jelena , Tovstucha Ramunė
Published: July 2017

The paper analyses selected terms from the perspective of linguistic relativity. It examines how the speakers of English, Lithuanian, and Russian perceive similar phenomena, how this specific perception is reflected in the linguistic nomination, and what difficulties this difference may cause for a translator. The analysis has demonstrated that some dog breeds are grouped differently in given languages, which presents certain problems of translation. The translator must possess considerable knowledge of cynology vocabulary or seek for a professional advice in order to produce a correct translation of dog breeds from English into Lithuanian and Russian, and vice versa.
GIS-based Valuation of Ecosystem Services in Mountain Regions: A Case Study of the Karlovo Municipality in Bulgaria
Authors: Koulov Boian , Ivanova Ekaterina , Borisova Bilyana , Assenov Assen , Ravnachka Aleksandra
Published: July 2017

This study aims to apply approaches, methods, and indicators from the conceptual framework of ecosystem services valuation to a real world, local level case study. It tests a GIS-based mapping and valuation of ecosystem services model in a typical mountain municipality in Bulgaria. Investigation results address opportunities, challenges and limitations in the practical application of the ecosystem services concept. They include an integrated assessment of the ecosystem services in a specific administrative territorial unit and suggest its Total Economic Value. The introduction of the term “ecosystem services dysergy” should contribute to valuation theory and practice. The study upgrades the currently available knowledge base that supports geospatial planning and sustainable development of the Karlovo Municipality and offers recommendations for improvement of the municipal ecosystem services utilization, which include identification, analysis, and visualization of hotspots and dysergy areas.
Luossa et Laks
Authors: Law John , Joks Solveig
Published: July 2017

Lorsque la technoscience et la politique d’État interagissent avec les savoirs et les pratiques autochtones, elles le font habituellement de façon asymétrique. Dans les relations de domination, les savoirs autochtones sont traités comme des « croyances » ou des « cultures » alors que la technoscience est qualifiée de « connaissance » ou de vérité. Cet article explore une interaction de ce genre, une polémique au nord de la Norvège et de la Finlande entre, d’une part, les modélisateurs biologiques et les décideurs publics et, d’autre part, les pêcheurs samis (lapons). Les scientifiques et les décideurs estiment que le nombre de saumons est en baisse dans la rivière Deatnu (Tana) en raison de la surpêche et cherchent à limiter la pêche. Les pêcheurs locaux sont en partie d’accord avec cela mais ils font valoir que d’autres facteurs (surtout la protection des prédateurs) sont également cruciaux. Ils s’opposent également aux restrictions imposées aux pratiques locales (et souvent samies) de pêche au filet dérivant. L’article traite cette controverse sur les plans épistémologique, politique et métaphysique, avec un accent particulier sur ce dernier. Les hypothèses métaphysiques actionnées par la technoscience – en particulier ses liens avec le dualisme de la nature-culture et une ontologie singulière de « monde unique » – sont explorées. De tels liens sont absents des pratiques samies. L’article prétend, en s’appuyant sur des travaux issus de l’anthropologie postcoloniale, que ces hypothèses enchâssées dans la technoscience empêchent celle-ci et les pratiques politiques associées de reconnaître la différence métaphysique et, du coup, permettent aux décideurs et aux scientifiques de refuser la possibilité qu’il puisse y avoir des mondes multiples et différents. L’article conclut que si l’on veut déboucher sur des relations moins dominatrices entre la science et la politique d’une part, et les pratiques et savoirs samis d’autre part, il sera important de s’occuper : (a) des pratiques matérielles et terre à terre de production des connaissances ; (b) du sens de la différence métaphysique au sein de et entre ces pratiques. Il sera également important : c) d’inventer des manières de connaître qui reconnaissent et actionnent ces différences plutôt que d’espérer trouver un consensus.
L’énergie et l’archive
Authors: Bowker Geoffrey C.
Published: July 2017

Ce texte aborde des manières de penser l’articulation entre les connaissances que nous produisons et leurs origines sociales qui ne succombent pas à un déterminisme naïf. Les principaux arguments sont que nos modes de découverte et d’énonciation des connaissances sont profondément sociaux : à la fois à travers le rôle des formes d’énergie et des pratiques bureaucratiques.
The European Public Administration Network (EUPAN): which contribution to the informal civil service cooperation in the eu?
Authors: Demmke Christoph
Published: July 2017

Cooperation in civil service matters in the EU has an informal nature because the Treaties do not grant the EU with legal competencies regarding the Member States’ public administration organisations and their related human resources policies. Nevertheless, EU law and policies have greatly affected the administrative, organisational, legal and political structures of the Member States. This article is discussing the functioning of this cooperation within the framework of the European Public Administration Network (EUPAN). It shows to what extend this network became a forum aimed at exchanging information on best practices and on public management innovation and why its impact is limited.
SIGMA : un programme international de renforcement des capacités administratives en terres européennes (1992-2012)
Authors: Hadjiisky Magdaléna
Published: July 2017

Résumé Fondé sur une enquête de terrain approfondie, l’article retrace l’évolution du programme SIGMA ( Support for Improvement of Governance and Management ), depuis sa création en 1992 jusqu’à 2012. SIGMA constitue un cas d’étude intéressant de mise en place d’une relation durable entre l’Union européenne et une organisation internationale (OCDE) dans un domaine, l’administration publique, dans lequel la Commission européenne ne dispose pas de compétence juridique ni de capacités propres d’expertise. L’évolution de ce partenariat n’est pas sans équivoque, que ce soit au sujet du contenu de l’expertise ou de la méthode de l’assistance. En termes de contenu, l’OCDE‑PUMA est connu pour avoir été, dans les années 1990, l’une des matrices de la diffusion du New Public Management au niveau international. En termes de méthodes, SIGMA prône une assistance située et élaborée en fonction de la demande, de façon à assurer l’appropriation future des réformes engagées par les États concernés. La Commission pousse quant à elle à une gestion plus conditionnée et standardisée des réformes administratives dans les pays candidats. L’article montre que la progressive standardisation des méthodes et des contenus, observable dans l’évolution de SIGMA depuis la fin des années 1990, correspond aux exigences mises en avant par la Commission dans le cadre de la préadhésion.
Transformer le voisinage : jeux d’acteurs, production et mise en pratique de modèles européens de réformes dans le cadre du partenariat oriental
Authors: Delcour Laure
Published: July 2017

Résumé Cet article interroge la relation entre la production de référentiels européens et la mise en pratique des réformes administratives dans le cadre de la Politique européenne de Voisinage et plus particulièrement dans celui du partenariat oriental. Il centre l’analyse sur l’intégration économique approfondie, qui représente un cas d’étude intéressant pour comprendre l’articulation entre le référentiel d’action publique proposé par l’Union européenne à ses voisins orientaux et l’élaboration d’instruments guidant le processus de réformes des pays partenaires. L’article montre que la construction d’un référentiel d’intégration économique s’effectue progressivement par des jeux d’acteurs autour de la Commission européenne, institution centrale de ce processus. Forte de la légitimité acquise dans la production de ce référentiel, la Commission européenne s’implique dans la mise en pratique de ce dernier. Elle propose des réformes administratives qui participent de fait à la constitution d’un modèle administratif européen dans le voisinage de l’Union européenne. L’article met au jour le rôle clé de la conditionnalité, qui permet à la Commission européenne d’investir un champ relevant en fait de la compétence des États membres.
Determinants of Corporate Effective Tax Rate: Evidence for Eurozone companies between 2004-2014
Authors: Molina Llopis Rafael , Barberá Martí Antonio
Published: July 2017

This paper studies the effect of usual determinants of corporate Effective Tax Rates (ETR) based on a panel of 1.942 listed Eurozone companies. First, we carry out a comparative analysis of the Effective Tax Rate with special attention to the differences among the old and new members of the Eurozone. Then, from the Orbis database and the period 2004-2014, we estimate four regressions by random and fixed effects following the methodology of panel data. The results confirm that effective types supported by the new members (Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta, Slovakia, Estonia and Latvia) are significantly lower than those of older members. Moreover, corporate tax burden is negatively conditioned by capital intensity, economic profitability and the cost of debt; but positively conditioned by the level of debt and financial profitability, being a non-linear relationship with the size.
From corporate strategic planning to strategic planning for cities: Lessons from the Salvadorian praxis
Authors: Flores Pérez José Ricardo , Flores Hernández Edwin
Published: July 2017

The territorial planning is fundamentally a formal process to identify projects, procedures and forms of organization, it must be understood as standing for the development and promotion of a strategy; these elements arise from the business world and can be extrapolated to territorial dynamics likes cities or municipalities. Strategic territorial planning can be an appropriate instrument to foster local governance, because it allows us, based on citizen participation, to know clearly a series of logical steps that must be taken to carry them out and to expect future desired results. This article tries to focus on a specific topic: the territorial strategic planning, commissioning the study of the Salvadoran reality and to attempt to provide methods and proposals for action aimed at promoting shared visions and common purposes.
Letter from the Managing Editor
Authors: Altarriba Josep Maria
Published: July 2017

Este número especial de Harvard Deusto Business Research recoge una serie de trabajos presentados en el X Congreso Iberoamericano de Contabilidad de Gestión y III Congreso Internacional sobre Gestión Portuaria, celebrado el pasado año en nuestro país, por lo que recoge una amplia variedad de temas y objetos de investigación.
Espace pénal et Sécurité intérieure, deux projets distincts de l’Union européenne aux dynamiques parallèles
Authors: Berthelet Pierre
Published: July 2017

La Sécurité intérieure européenne et l’Espace pénal européen sont deux projets nés de la construction européenne. L’Espace pénal, ayant une existence antérieure aux attentats du 11 septembre 2001, se développe en réaction au risque de dérive sécuritaire induite par la réponse à ces attaques. S’édifiant tout au long des années 2010, la Sécurité intérieure ambitionne, quant à elle, de mettre la sécurité au centre de son action, à l’inverse du recentrage opéré par l’Espace pénal autour du dytique liberté-justice, soit deux des trois termes constitutifs de l’« espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice » (ELSJ) institué par le traité d’Amsterdam de 1997. La recomposition (et non la décomposition) de l’ELSJ donne ainsi lieu à deux projets distincts, l’un et l’autre reposant sur des socles conceptuels qui leur sont propres. L’élaboration de l’Espace pénal s’organise autour de la relation reconnaissance-confiance mutuelles, les droits fondamentaux étant garantis par une justice fonctionnant selon une approche multi-niveaux. La Sécurité intérieure repose, quant à elle, sur l’idée que, dans un monde toujours plus instable et dangereux, il importe de mettre en place les dispositifs adéquats pour protéger et rassurer efficacement les citoyens européens.
SIGNIFICADOS DA DEFICIÊNCIA ADQUIRIDA NA VIDA ADULTA: IMPLICAÇÕES DO TRAUMA RAQUIMEDULAR
Authors: Moreira Rebecca Barata , Souza Airle Miranda de
Published: July 2017

Uma lesão medular traumática pode resultar em perdas importantes de diversas funções do organismo, caracterizando assim uma deficiência adquirida. Nesta pesquisa, buscou-se compreender as vivências de pacientes hospitalizados, recém-diagnosticados com um trauma raquimedular, desvelando os significados atribuídos a este acometimento e a consequente deficiência adquirida. Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, descritivo, com ênfase nas singularidades dos casos. Participaram dois pacientes do sexo masculino, com idade de 35 e 40 anos, internados em um hospital público, referência em traumas, localizado na região norte do Brasil. Os resultados revelaram perdas significativas como a perda da autonomia e temores relacionados à discriminação e o abandono. Identificou-se que a deficiência adquirida na fase adulta explicita o desafio de ressignificar diferentes aspectos do ser e do viver, o que sinaliza a importância do desenvolvimento de pesquisas acerca da assistência integral a estes pacientes desde o momento do diagnóstico, favorecendo a vivência das perdas sofridas e adaptação à nova condição de vida.
LGBTS E GÊNERO BANIDOS? NOTAS GENEALÓGICAS SOBRE PROJETOS DE LEI NO BRASIL
Authors: Galindo Dolores , Cazeiro Felipe , Lemos de Souza Leonardo , Galvão Serra Arthur
Published: July 2017

O objetivo desta investigação foi analisar os efeitos de um dispositivo da sexualidade heterocisnormativo que, nas tentativas de controlar corpos e modular vidas - por meio de tecnologias programáticas nacionalistas, moralizadoras, familistas - articula patologização, criminalização e extermínio. Esse dispositivo, no Golpe de Estado de 2015/2016, propagou o ódio contra as populações que fogem à normatividade de sexo e gênero. Para isso, partimos metodologicamente de uma genealogia dos discursos produzidos por normas legais em processo e/ou instituídas no Brasil que afirmam a ontologia de um verdadeiro sexo e silenciam posicionamentos divergentes. A partir do caminho escolhido, foi possível situar a psicologia como tecnologia de produção de subjetividades que emudece, mas também resiste às demandas normalizadoras recusando identitarismos e assujeitamentos que produzem uma gramática moral e fragilizam a democracia participativa. Um desafio para a psicologia reside na defesa da atuação laica em prol das diferenças de gênero e sexualidades que produzem novas diferenças, ao invés de identitarismos e assujeitamentos que minam o lugar da política.
FAMÍLIA E BIOPOLÍTICA: A DESTRUIÇÃO DA INTIMIDADE NAS SOCIEDADES CONTEMPORÂNEAS
Authors: De Carvalho Paulo Roberto , Mansano Sonia Regina Vargas
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo busca problematizar a instituição familiar contemporânea partindo de uma abordagem histórica que remonta ao período de consolidação do modelo familiar burguês. Optou-se por analisar a instituição familiar na perspectiva das relações de poder tal como proposto por Michel Foucault. Especificamente, foi utilizada a concepção do autor de biopolítica, uma vertente do poder que se dirige às especificidades do corpo vivo. Para tanto, foi selecionada a questão da sexualidade como elemento historicamente presente nas transformações do modelo familiar: de uma família fechada sobre si e na qual a sexualidade era velada e reprimida, passou-se à família atual na qual estes mesmos temas ganham visibilidade e discussão em um espaço ampliado. Em seguida, questionam-se os efeitos da abertura familiar por uma intervenção biopolítica. Por fim, foi possível demonstrar que está em curso uma destruição sistemática da intimidade iniciada pelas intervenções biopolíticas e protagonizada por aqueles que resistem, de algum modo, às determinações do poder.
CCL5 Promotes Resolution-Phase Macrophage Reprogramming in Concert with the Atypical Chemokine Receptor D6 and Apoptotic Polymorphonuclear Cells
Authors: Aswad Miran , Assi Simaan , Schif-Zuck Sagie , Ariel Amiram
Published: July 2017

The engulfment of apoptotic polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) during the resolution of inflammation leads to macrophage reprogramming culminating in reduced proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory mediator secretion. The atypical chemokine receptor D6/ACKR2 is expressed on apoptotic PMN and plays an important role in regulating macrophage properties during and after engulfment. In this study, we found that the inflammatory chemokine CCL5 is mostly retained (75%) during the resolution of zymosan A peritonitis in mice. Moreover, this chemokine is secreted by resolution-phase macrophages (2.5 ng/ml) and promotes their reprogramming in vivo in D6+/+ mice (2-fold increase in IL-10/IL-12 ratio) but not their D6−/− counterparts. In addition, CCL5 enhanced macrophage reprogramming ex vivo exclusively when bound to D6+/+ apoptotic PMN. Signaling through p38MAPK and JNK in reprogrammed macrophages was enhanced by CCL5-bound apoptotic PMN (3.6–4 fold) in a D6-dependent manner, and was essential for reprogramming. Thus, CCL5 exerts a novel proresolving role on macrophages when acting in concert with apoptotic PMN-expressed D6.
Balancing the books for cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal metastases in a diminishing economy: a global issue
Authors: Bunni John , Moran Brendan J.
Published: July 2017

Medical advances, particularly technological and pharmaceutical, are continually increasing, and this pattern is likely to continue. In contrast to this technological and pharmaceutical expansion, the reality of a global recession and the need to cut costs are universal health-care challenges. Herein the authors review the approximate cost estimates for a proven strategy to manage colorectal peritoneal metastases, namely cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy and different tools government or heath care providers use in deciding which treatments to fund and remunerate.
Singular observation of a desirable change after bronchial artery embolization for hemoptysis in intracavitary aspergilloma
Authors: Prasad B P K , Ray Brijesh
Published: July 2017

Aspergillomas are fungal balls developing in pre-existing lung cavities, which are most commonly secondary to tuberculosis. Aspergillomas can cause hemoptysis due to erosion of the blood vessels in cavity walls, which can often be recurrent, massive, and life-threatening. Bronchial artery embolization is considered to be the treatment of choice for short-term control of hemoptysis, and lobectomy as the definitive treatment for aspergilloma. We present a unique observation in two cases of aspergilloma where the fungal balls disappeared radiologically after bronchial artery embolization performed for massive hemoptysis.
Lack of Geospatial Population Structure Yet Significant Linkage Disequilibrium in the Reservoir of Plasmodium falciparum in Bongo District, Ghana
Authors: Ruybal-Pesántez Shazia , Tiedje Kathryn E. , Rorick Mary M. , Amenga-Etego Lucas , Ghansah Anita , R. Oduro Abraham , Koram Kwadwo A. , Day Karen P.
Published: July 2017

Malaria control in West Africa is impeded by the large reservoir of chronic asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections in the human population. This study aimed to assess the extent of diversity in the P. falciparum reservoir in Bongo District (BD), Ghana, at the end of the dry season, the lowest point in malaria transmission over the course of the year. Analysis of the variation in 12 microsatellite loci was completed for 200 P. falciparum isolates collected from a cross-sectional survey of residents of all ages from two catchment areas in BD. Analysis of the multilocus haplotypes showed high levels of genetic diversity (He = 0.74), no population differentiation yet significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) (ISA = 0.0127, P = 0.006) in BD. Multilocus LD was significant between and within catchment areas even though every haplotype in the population was unique and the majority of individuals (84.0%) harbored multiple-clone infections. The linkage structure among multilocus haplotypes was not associated with sampling location. These data provide the first study with deep sampling of the P. falciparum reservoir in an area of seasonal malaria transmission in West Africa. The co-occurrence of high multiplicity of infection (multiple-clone infections) with significant multilocus LD is surprising given the likelihood of high recombination rates in BD. The results suggest that the linkage structure among multilocus haplotypes has not been shaped by geographic separation of parasite populations. Furthermore, the observed LD levels provide a baseline population genetic metric with putatively neutral markers to evaluate the effects of seasonality and malaria control efforts in BD.
Scientific Publishing with Integrity: Self-plagiarism, Salami Slicing, and Copyright Infringement – Part II
Authors: Krishnan Vinod
Published: July 2017

Plagiarism is a serious concern in recent era, wherein one copies from others’ work without properly citing the source, making redundancy in literature. This ever-growing problem ruining scientific database can be controlled if one knows clearly about the consequences of copying from other sources. The first part of the article has dealt with the various aspects of plagiarism and this second and final part will deal with its legalities. This part will highlight the areas of self-plagiarism, copyright infringement, and the funniest part of various excuses made by people who often plagiarize.

How to cite this article

Krishnan V, Orth M. Scientific Publishing with Integrity: Self-plagiarism, Salami Slicing, and Copyright Infringement – Part II. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):1-3.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography a Noval Innovation for assessing the Canal Morphology of Maxillary First Bicuspid
Authors: Remya M , Prabath Singh VP
Published: July 2017

Aim

To evaluate the root canal morphology of maxillary first premolar using Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods

A total of 125 teeth were selected and CBCT scans were taken and following factors were recorded – number of roots, number of root canals, anatomy, and configuration of canals.

Results

Overall 88% teeth had two roots. Most frequent canal configuration was type I in 93.6%; 94.4% teeth had single canal exiting in single apical foramen.

Conclusion

Within the limitation of the study, it was concluded that among the study population, there is a high incidence of two-rooted maxillary first bicuspid with two canals with type I Vertucci canal configuration.

How to cite this article

Remya M, Singh VPP. Cone Beam Computed Tomography a Noval Innovation for assessing the Canal Morphology of Maxillary First Bicuspid. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):4-7.
Nonsurgical Management of a Central Incisor with severe Internal Resorption and an Immature Apex
Authors: Dinesh Deepak , Chacko George
Published: July 2017

Resorption is a pathologic process that always confuses the dentists with its varied etiologic factors and clinical presentations. Resorption can be classified into internal and external. Internal resorption lesions are notoriously difficult to manage because of their irregular and aberrant root canal anatomy. Immature apexes also possess a similar clinical challenge because of the absence of an apical stop. This article describes the nonsurgical management of a central incisor with severe internal resorption and an immature apex utilizing single-step mineral trioxide aggregate apexification along with injectable gutta-percha obturation.

How to cite this article

Dinesh D, Chacko G, Chitharanjan G. Nonsurgical Management of a Central Incisor with severe Internal Resorption and an Immature Apex. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):12-15.
External Inflammatory Root Resorption: Management of a Tooth with hopeless Prognosis
Authors: Shoba K , Abhilash R , Balan Jithin , Sreelakshmi MR
Published: July 2017

The treatment of external root resorption and associated periodontal defect can be challenging to the most ingenious clinician. A correct diagnosis and an understanding of the etiology and dynamics of root resorption, which is the progressive loss of dentin and cementum through action of osteoclastic cells, are critical for effective management. The article describes the management of an external root resorption in maxillary central incisor where a combined endo-perio management strategy was implemented. Cone beam computed tomography was used as an adjunctive diagnostic aid. A combined approach using biodentine for root surface repair, bone graft, collagen membrane, and platelet-rich fibrin to address the associated osseous lesion appears to be viable modality in treatment of the same. After a follow-up period of 12 months, the patient was found to be asymptomatic. Postoperative radiographs also demonstrated satisfactory bone fill and arrest of the resorptive lesion.

How to cite this article

Abhilash R, Balan J, Shoba K, Sreelakshmi MR. External Inflammatory Root Resorption: Management of a Tooth with hopeless Prognosis. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):24-27.
Local Drug Delivery as an Adjunct to Surgical Intervention in the Management of Periapical Cyst
Authors: Babu Anulekh , Chandran P Sajith , Vivekchand CU , Parackal Lija I , Jacob Susan , Simon Deepthi
Published: July 2017

Radicular cysts are the most common cystic lesions affecting the jaws. They arise from the epithelial remnants in the periodontal ligament as a result of the stimulus from periapical infection following pulpal necrosis. Treatment options to manage large periapical lesions range from nonsurgical root canal treatment or apical surgery to extraction. New approaches involve the use of local drug delivery systems based on microparticles/nanoparticles made from biocompatible polymers along with surgical intervention. Such devices enable the introduction of antimicrobial agents or other drugs directly in the periradicular area or inside the root canal, and the prolonged release of constant concentrations of these agents for fast and better healing. The present case report illustrates the combined endodontic and surgical management of a large periapical cyst with local drug delivery as an adjunct.

How to cite this article

Chandran PS, Babu A, Vivekchand CU, Parackal LI, Jacob S, Simon D. Local Drug Delivery as an Adjunct to Surgical Intervention in the Management of Periapical Cyst. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):28-31.
Management of Discolored Tooth with separated Instrument
Authors: Anilkumar Aadit , Nazar Faisal , Rajendran Ratheesh
Published: July 2017

Tooth discoloration commonly occurs after trauma to tooth, which leads to pulpal injury. Trauma to the pulpal blood vessel leads to hemorrhage and releases iron from hemoglobin. The iron which is released from hemoglobin combines with hydrogen sulfide to form iron sulfide, which gives the tooth its characteristic dark appearance. Tooth discoloration can be treated by nonvital tooth bleaching, if the tooth structure is intact. A combination of hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate reduces the discoloration of the tooth by a process of oxidation. During root canal preparation procedures, the common mishap that occurs is instrument separation inside the root canal. The fractured fragment in the root canal can hinder proper preparation of root canal space. Continuous pain or discomfort may result if it is not removed or bypassed. It is more conservative to bypass the fractured instrument, particularly in cases where access to the fragment is restricted (apical one-third of canal or beyond the canal curvature) and its removal may lead to excessive removal of dentin with associated sequelae.

How to cite this article

Rajendran R, Nair KR, Kuriakose MC, Anilkumar A, Nazar F. Management of Discolored Tooth with separated Instrument. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):36-39.