bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REKONSTRUKSI PENGATURAN HAK DIPILIH PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM LEGISLATIF MENURUT UUD 1945
Authors: Saifulloh Putra Perdana Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Hak Dipilih dalam Pemilihan Umum merupakan hak konstitusional warga negara yang dijamin UUD 1945. Akan tetapi, terdapat pengaturan yang diskriminatif di mana warga negara yang berprofesi Pegawai Negara Sipil harus mendurkan diri apabila ingin menggunakan hak dipilih dalam Pemilihan Umum Legislatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, historis, dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini: pertama, Pengaturan Larangan Hak Dipilih Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam Pemilihan Umum, yaitu bertujuan untuk menjaga netralitas dan profesionalitas Pegawai Negara Sipil. Kedua,  Rekonstruksi Pengaturan Hak Dipilih Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dalam Pemilihan Umum Legislatif Menurut UUD 1945, 1). Pegawai Negeri Sipil tetap diperkenankan menjadi Anggota Lembaga Legislatif tanpa harus kehilangan statusnya sebagai Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Apabila terpilih, maka yang bersangkutan haruslah dalam status nonaktif atau cuti di luar tanggungan negara. Guna menghindari Pegawai Negeri Sipil digunakan sebagai mesin pemenangan dalam Pemilihan Umum, Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang mencalonkan diri disyaratkan mundur sementara dari Pegawai Negeri Sipil, tidak permanen. 2). diperlukan optimalisasi Hukum Positif mengenai pengawasan netralitas Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam Pemilihan Umum melalui jalan kerja sama lintas lembaga agar pengawasan Pegawai Negeri Sipil bisa berjalan secara optimal.
REKONSTRUKSI POLITIK HUKUM PENGATURAN ASN DALAM SISTEM HUKUM INDONESIA
Authors: Gelora M Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Reformasi birokrasi yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah sepatutnya sejalan dengan esensi reformasi birokrasi itu sendiri yaitu menciptakan birokrasi yang efektif dan efisien. Akan tetapi, pemberlakuan Peraturan Menteri Pemberdayaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi yang menghapus jabatan administratif dan merubahnya menjadi jabatan fungsional justru kontradiktif dengan semangat reformasi birokrasi itu sendiri. Selain itu, penggunaan instrumen Peraturan Menteri dalam melakukan perubahan norma juga tidak selaras dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Oleh karena itulah, diperlukan politik hukum yang tepat baik secara formil maupun materiil untuk memastikan bahwa pengaturan ASN akan selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip untuk menciptakan birokrasi yang ideal dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Metode penelitian dalam artike ini adalah bagaimanakah politik hukum yang tepat terkait pengaturan ASN dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah diperlukan rekonstruksi politik hukum pengaturan aparatur sipil negara dalam sistem hukum Indonesia.

 
REFORMULASI PENGATURAN DAN PENGUATAN KOMISI APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA (KASN) SEBAGAI PENGAWAS EKSTERNAL DALAM RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA
Authors: Barus Sonia Ivana
Published: October 2022

KASN merupakan lembaga pengawas eksternal ASN yang perannya sangat dibutuhkan. Namun melalui RUU ASN, KASN malah berpotensi untuk dibubarkan. Pembubaran ini dianggap sebagai solusi perampingan lembaga dengan alasan bahwa tugas KASN dapat dilakukan oleh Instansi masing-masing. Alih-alih membubarkan KASN, ada lembaga lain yang mengurusi persoalan ASN mengalami overlapping fungsi. Salah satunya adalah tumpang tindih kewenangan mengawasi sistem manajerial ASN antara KemenPAN-RB dengan BKN. Untuk itu, penulis tertarik untuk membahas Bagaimana sistem pengawasan terhadap manajemen ASN dalam kerangka hukum kepegawaiandan Bagaimana formulasi pengaturan lembaga pengawas ASN yang tepat yang seharusnya dimuat dalam RUU ASN. Penelitian adalah penelitian normatif, yakni penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mencari jawaban atas permasalahan hukum dengan menggunakan teori hukum normatif yang sifatnya doktrinal. Penulis berkesimpulan bahawa KASN adalah lembaga pengawas eksternal yang tugas, fungsi dan wewenangnya harus diperkuat. Salah satu upaya memperkuat KASN adalah dengan cara menambah cakupan fungsi pengawasan. Adapun target pengawasan ideal yang harusnya diserahkan kepada KASN adalah pengawasan manajerial. Sebelumnya pengawasan manajerial ini dilakukan oleh dua lembaga sekaligus yakni KemenPAN-RB dan BKN. Hal ini tentu melanggar asas efektifitas dan efisiensi. KASN harusnya menangani permaslaahan jika terjadi dugaan kesalahan baik secara etik maupun prosedural terhadap jalannya mekanisme manajerial ASN.
Genetic Associations and Environmental Exposures in the Aetiopathogenesis of Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody- Associated Vasculitis: An Updated Review
Authors: Salvadori Maurizio , Tsalouchos Aris
Published: October 2022

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) represents a heterogeneous group of rare diseases characterised by necrotising inflammation of the small blood vessels and the presence of ANCA with specificity for proteinase-3 or myeloperoxidase. Genetic susceptibility along with malignancy, drug exposure, and environmental exposures to infectious agents and silica are involved in disease progression. To date, growing evidence has revealed that ANCA specificity defines homogeneous groups of patients more effectively than clinical diagnosis, since proteinase-3 ANCA and myeloperoxidase-ANCA are linked with different genetic backgrounds and epidemiologies. This review presents current and updated knowledge on the central aetiopathogenic role of genetic associations and environmental exposures in AAV; discusses the main mechanisms of ANCA immunogenesis; and highlights the value of ANCA specificity for future classification criteria.
Composition and character of transformations of the lower silurian carbon-containing rocks at contact with permo-triassic trap complexes on the western part of South Tunguska OGR
Authors: Gordeeva A. O. , Zlobina O. N.
Published: October 2022

A detailed petrographic analysis of the Lower Silurian sulfate-carbonate deposits with carbonaceous interlayers from the section of the western part of the South Tungusskaya oil and gas region was carried out in order to establish the patterns of their transformations at contact with the Permian-Triassic sills. The data obtained are compared with temperature measurements on a calcite/dolomite thermometer performed earlier. It is assumed that the non-linearity of the dependence between the amount of heating of sedimentary strata and the power of intrusiv is associated with the heterogeneity of the section in the mineral composition of various layers, their thickness and the amount of organic matter contained in them. Based on this, it is proposed to use the temperature of decomposition of carbonates, taking into account pressure, as the maximum temperature of contact metamorphism, laid down in the physico-chemical justification of the mathematical model. The process proceeds with an increase in the void space due to losses during calcination and the formation of a fracturing system, the scale of development of which has a direct impact on the transformation of rocks, including located far from the intrusion.
Seismogeological and structural characteristic of the Riphean sediments within Aldan-Maya petroleum region
Authors: Gubin I. А. , Kontorovich А. E. , Moiseev S. A.
Published: October 2022

The key features of the geological structure of the Riphean sedimentary cover within the Aldan-Maya petroleum region are considered. Using seismic and acoustic logging data, the velocity characteristics of the Riphean deposits were studied. It was shown that the main acoustic contrasts are associated with the formation of sustained intra-Riphean reflectors. They correlate with the boundaries of formations and series. Based on the results of generalization and interpretation of seismic data on 9 projects of regional prospecting, seismogeological sections and structural maps were constructed, which served as the basis for structural-tectonic zoning of the territory within the Aldan-Maya petroleum region. Tectonic maps are presented for two structural stages - Upper Karelian-Lower Riphean and Upper-Middle Riphean, their fundamental difference is shown, in particular, the large May inclined swell is developed only in the reliefs of the lower Riphean not in the Middle-Upper Riphean surfaces.
Peculiarities of the Upper Ordovician carbonate facies of the Teletskoe Lakeside Zone, Gorny Altai
Authors: Sennikov N. V. , Zakiryanov I. G. , Varaksina I. V.
Published: October 2022

The large spherical structures found in the Upper Ordovician carbonates of the Teletskoe Lakeside structural-facies zone of the Gorny Altai were formed by algae. Oncolites-rhodolithes are indicators of shallow-water environments formed in the conditions with active hydrodynamics.
Features of interaction in the water-rock-CO2 system during the implementation of CCUS projects (on the example of chalk reservoirs in the Arctic sector of Western Siberia)
Authors: Nikitenkov A. N. , Novikov D. A. , Maksimova A. A. , Vakulenko L. G.
Published: October 2022

The paper considers approaches to the analysis of physicochemical interactions in the water-rock-carbon dioxide system, solved by mathematical modeling and aimed at analyzing the behavior of this system during CO burial in the Cretaceous aquifers of the Arctic sector of Western Siberia. The problem was solved using the HydroGeo software package, which makes it possible to analyze the change in the chemical composition of solutions, the forms of migration of the main components of groundwater, as well as mineral equilibria both at the time of carbon dioxide invasion and when the solution reaches equilibrium.
Electrical prospecting for the study of freshwater reservoirs in water areas
Authors: Ageenkov E. V. , Olenchenko V. V. , Kalganov A. S.
Published: October 2022

Subaqueous freshwater collectors are developed under the waters of the seas, large rivers and lakes. In regions where there is a shortage of fresh water, its extraction from such collectors becomes relevant. Dipole electrical installations are considered for solving the problem of prospecting and exploration of a freshwater reservoir in the water areas. Changes in electrical resistivity and polarizability are studied for the normal and anomalous models. Conclusions are drawn about the optimality of electromagnetic survey parameters for solving hydrogeological problems in water areas.
Geophysical research on the IGAN Glacier in 2021
Authors: Shein A. N. , Lavrentiev I. I. , Nosenko G. A. , Ivanov M. N. , Kamnev Ya. K.
Published: October 2022

The results of radar studies of the IGAN glacier carried out in 2019 and 2021 are presented in the paper. Measurements of the thickness of the snow cover and ice were carried out using the PICOR-LED GPR (1600 MHz) and VIRL-7 (20 MHz), respectively. Studies have revealed significant winter snow accumulation on the glacier and its stable spatial distribution, and also showed a significant ice thickness (up to 106 m) and the polythermal structure of the glacier. Electrotomography was used to monitor the central part of the glacial moraine. Two-dimensional geoelectric sections and a three-dimensional geoelectric model of the internal structure of the moraine are constructed. The size of the rock-ice core (high-resistance rocks) increases towards the center of the moraine, nevertheless, there is an active degradation of frozen material in the marginal parts of the moraine.
РПЦ у релігійному житті Північно-Східної України у 1944-1953 роках
Authors: Оліцький В’ячеслав
Published: October 2022

У статті розглянуто становище РПЦ періоду пізнього сталінізму на території Північно-Східної України. Проаналізовано особливості формування мережі даної релігійної організації в регіоні у середині 1940-х років та її трансформації у наступне десятиліття. Охарактеризовано релігійну мережу, кількість і склад церковнослужителів і шляхи їх поповнення. Визначено труднощі, з якими стикалися правлячі архієреї у питаннях функціонування церкви та сценарії їх вирішення. Охарактеризовано заходи до яких вдавалися єпископи та священники для збереження кількості віруючих і парафій, підтримки релігійності населення. Зосереджено увагу на мережі монастирів єпархій Північно-Східної України та їх місця у релігійному житті регіону. Подано інформацію про господарську діяльність, майнове та матеріальне становище чернечих обителей.
Підготовка загальної «Енциклопедії українознавства»: тексти і люди
Authors: Atamanenko Alla , Klynova-Datsiuk Halyna
Published: October 2022

На основі широкого кола джерел досліджується процес підготовки загальної частини «Енциклопедії українознавства», вплив на цей процес людського чинника, взаємодії авторів, рецензентів і редколегії, розв’язання фінансових проблем, особливостей соціокультурного середовища та умов життя українських дослідників наприкінці 1940-х – на початку 1950-х років у переселенських таборах в Європі.

Метою дослідження є аналіз листування та інших джерел для встановлення особливостей взаємодії колективу «Енциклопедії українознавства» у процесі праці.

Наукова новизна: розглянуто соціокультурне середовище повоєнної Німеччини та інших країн, проблеми тогочасної наукової евристики та джерельної бази досліджень, концептуальні підходи до написання загальної частини «Енциклопедії українознавства», особливості організації праці колективу дослідників.

Висновки. Незважаючи на складні матеріально-побутові умови проживання, скрутне матеріальне становище, відсутність належної матеріально-технічної бази і навіть найнеобхіднішої наукової літератури, редактори й автори зуміли видати загальну «Енциклопедію Українознавства» (ЕУ), розгорнувши її підготовку в таборах для переміщених осіб у Німеччині, а з перенесенням осередку НТШ до Сарселю – у Франції. ЕУ стала першим суто українознавчим українським енциклопедичним проєктом. Нею було започатковано традицію національних енциклопедичних видань в еміграції, яка знайшла продовження у словниковій частині ЕУ та її англомовних версіях.

Творці ЕУ застосували досвід інших країн по створенню національних енциклопедій рідними мовами, і ЕУ-1 відповідала своєму часові та світовим зразкам. Крім того, поява ЕУ сприяла відновленню роботи у 1950-х рр. над Українською радянською енциклопедією. Поява енциклопедичного довідника в еміграції дозволила досягти поставлених НТШ завдань по створенню видання, яке давало можливість ознайомлення з важливою інформацією про історію, географію, населення України, про традиційну культуру українців, етнологію, право, мистецтво, літературу тощо як українським емігрантам, так і потенційним зацікавленим іноземцям.

Робота над енциклопедичним проєктом НТШ згуртувала українських науковців в еміграції, які були членами різних, а часом – кількох еміграційних наукових установ, могли мати відмінні політичні уподобання, належали до кількох поколінь дослідників, походили з усіх регіонів України та еміграційних центрів міжвоєнного періоду. Незважаючи на певну відмінність методологічних підходів, пов’язану із вищесказаним, вони переважно досягали згоди щодо остаточних варіантів тексту і майже всі працювали з відчуттям відповідальності за проєкт. Після еміграції частини авторів, редакторів і рецензентів до різних країн, у тому числі і за межі Європи, робота над ЕУ для більшості з них не припинилась.
Silylated biomolecules: Versatile components for bioinks
Authors: Montheil Titouan , Simon Matthieu , Noël Danièle , Mehdi Ahmad , Subra Gilles , Echalier Cécile
Published: October 2022

Physical hydrogels prepared from natural biopolymers are the most popular components for bioinks. However, to improve the mechanical properties of the network, in particular its durability for long-lasting tissue engineering applications or its stiffness for bone/cartilage applications, covalent chemical hydrogels have to be considered. For that purpose, biorthogonal reactions are required to allow the inclusion of living cells within the bioink reservoir before the 3D printing procedure. Interestingly, such reactions also unlock the possibility to further multifunctionalize the network, adding bioactive moieties to tune the biological properties of the resulting printed biomaterial. Surprisingly, compared to the huge number of studies disclosing novel bioink compositions, no extensive efforts have been made by the scientific community to develop new chemical reactions meeting the requirements of both cell encapsulation, chemical orthogonality and versatile enough to be applied to a wide range of molecular components, including fragile biomolecules. That could be explained by the domination of acrylate photocrosslinking in the bioprinting field. On the other hand, proceeding chemoselectively and allowing the polymerization of any type of silylated molecules, the sol-gel inorganic polymerization was used as a crosslinking reaction to prepare hydrogels. Recent development of this strategy includes the optimization of biocompatible catalytic conditions and the silylation of highly attractive biomolecules such as amino acids, bioactive peptides, proteins and oligosaccharides. When one combines the simplicity and the versatility of the process, with the ease of functionalization of any type of relevant silylated molecules that can be combined in an infinite manner, it was obvious that a family of bioinks could emerge quickly. This review presents the sol-gel process in biocompatible conditions and the various classes of relevant silylated molecules that can be used as bioink components. The preparation of hydrogels and the kinetic considerations of the sol-gel chemistry which at least allowed cell encapsulation and extrusion-based bioprinting are discussed.
Inhibition of angiogenetic macrophages reduces disc degeneration-associated pain
Authors: Hou Yang , Shi Jiangang , Guo Yongfei , Shi Guodong
Published: October 2022

Abnormal angiogenesis and innervation in avascular discs during lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) cause severe back pain. These pathological alterations in the degenerating discs are induced by cytokines partially produced and secreted by inflammatory cells, among which macrophages are the most frequently ones detected at the legion site. However, the role of macrophages as well as their polarization in regulation of innervation and angiogenesis in the degenerating discs is unclear. In this study, we analyzed macrophages in the degenerating discs from patients and detected a specific macrophage subtype that expresses high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). Co-expression of M2 macrophage markers in this macrophage subtype suggested that they were a M2d-like subtype. High levels of VEGF-A and genes associated with angiogenesis were also detected in LDD specimens compared to control heathy discs from a public database, consistent with our finding. Moreover, the levels of VEGF-A in disc macrophages were strongly correlated to the pain score of the examined patients, but not to the Thompson classification of the degeneration level of the patients. In vitro, overexpressing VEGF-A in macrophages increased the tube formation, proliferation and migration of co-cultured endothelial cells, and increased the innervation of embryonic spinal cord explant into the co-cultured area for macrophages and skeletal myocytes. In vivo, an orthotopic injection of adeno-associated virus carrying siRNA for VEGF-A under a macrophage-specific CD68 promoter significantly reduced the number of VEGF-A-positive disc macrophages and alleviated the pain in LDD-mice. Together, these data suggest that inhibition of angiogenetic potential of macrophages may reduce disc degeneration-associated pain through suppression of angiogenesis and innervation, as a promising therapy for LDD-associated pain.
Perinatal derivatives application: Identifying possibilities for clinical use
Authors: Gindraux Florelle , Hofmann Nicola , Agudo-Barriuso Marta , Antica Mariastefania , Couto Pedro Silva , Dubus Marie , Forostyak Serhiy , Girandon Lenart , Gramignoli Roberto , Jurga Marcin , Liarte Sergio , Navakauskiene Ruta , Shablii Volodymyr , Lafarge Xavier , Nicolás Francisco J.
Published: October 2022

Perinatal derivatives are drawing growing interest among the scientific community as an unrestricted source of multipotent stromal cells, stem cells, cellular soluble mediators, and biological matrices. They are useful for the treatment of diseases that currently have limited or no effective therapeutic options by means of developing regenerative approaches. In this paper, to generate a complete view of the state of the art, a comprehensive 10-years compilation of clinical-trial data with the common denominator of PnD usage has been discussed, including commercialized products. A set of criteria was delineated to challenge the 10-years compilation of clinical trials data. We focused our attention on several aspects including, but not limited to, treated disorders, minimal or substantial manipulation, route of administration, dosage, and frequency of application. Interestingly, a clear correlation of PnD products was observed within conditions, way of administration or dosage, suggesting there is a consolidated clinical practice approach for the use of PnD in medicine. No regulatory aspects could be read from the database since this information is not mandatory for registration. The database will be publicly available for consultation. In summary, the main aims of this position paper are to show possibilities for clinical application of PnD and propose an approach for clinical trial preparation and registration in a uniform and standardized way. For this purpose, a questionnaire was created compiling different sections that are relevant when starting a new clinical trial using PnD. More importantly, we want to bring the attention of the medical community to the perinatal products as a consolidated and efficient alternative for their use as a new standard of care in the clinical practice.
Spillover and genome selection of the gut parasite Nosema ceranae between honey bee species
Authors: Wei Xiuxiu , Evans Jay D. , Chen Yanping , Huang Qiang
Published: October 2022

Nosema ceranae is a honey bee gut parasite that has recently spilled to another honey bee host through trading. The impact of infection on the native host is minor, which is substantial in the novel host. In this study, artificial inoculation simulated the parasite transmission from the native to the novel host. We found that the parasite initiated proliferation earlier in the novel host than in the native host. Additionally, parasite gene expression was significantly higher when infecting the novel host compared with the native host, leading to a significantly higher number of spores. Allele frequencies were similar for spores of parasites infecting both native and novel hosts. This suggests that the high number of spores found in the novel host was not caused by a subset of more fit spores from native hosts. Native hosts also showed a higher number of up-regulated genes in response to infection when compared with novel hosts. Our data further showed that native hosts suppressed parasite gene expression and arguably sacrificed cells to limit the parasite. The results provide novel insights into host defenses and gene selection during a parasite spillover event.
Acute pulmonary embolism following corticosteroid administration in acute severe ulcerative colitis with gastrointestinal bleeding: A case report
Authors: Liu Xuhan , Peng Xia , Rong Chunyan , Zhang Weihua
Published: October 2022

Background

Ulcerative colitis often leads to gastrointestinal bleeding and venous thromboembolism (VTE). At present, there is no clear conclusion about anticoagulant therapy for these patients. Treatment for ulcerative colitis usually includes 5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroid, and biologics. Acute ulcerative colitis, usually caused by infection, is usually severe and can be life-threatening.

Case presentation

We report the development of VTE in a patient with severe acute ulcerative colitis who experienced gastrointestinal bleeding following hormonal therapy. The patient's indicators suggested that his blood was hypercoagulable and that his prognosis was poor.

Conclusion

Patients with ulcerative colitis are prone to form VTE. The use of corticosteroids during treatment increases the risk of thrombus. Anticoagulation strategy for patients with ulcerative colitis after gastrointestinal bleeding is a problem that needs to be discussed.
Cardiac-specific knockdown of Bhlhe40 attenuates angiotensin II (Ang II)-Induced atrial fibrillation in mice
Authors: Ren Kai-Wen , Yu Xiao-Hong , Gu Yu-Hui , Xie Xin , Wang Yu , Wang Shi-hao , Li Hui-Hua , Bi Hai-Lian
Published: October 2022

Atrial fibrosis and atrial inflammation are associated with the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Basic helix–loop–helix family member E40 (Bhlhe40) is an important transcription factor, which is involved in tumors, inflammation, apoptosis, viral infection, and hypoxia. However, its role and molecular mechanism in AF remain unclear. In this study, a mouse model of AF was induced by Ang II infusion. The atrial diameter was evaluated using echocardiography. Induction and duration of AF were measured by programmed electrical stimulation. Atrial structural remodeling was detected using routine histologic examinations. Our results showed that Bhlhe40 was significantly upregulated in angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated atrial cardiomyocytes and atrial tissues and in tissues from patients with AF. Cardiac-specific knockdown of Bhlhe40 in mice by a type 9 recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV9)-shBhlhe40 significantly ameliorated Ang II-induced atrial dilatation, atrial fibrosis, and atrial inflammation, as well as the inducibility and duration of AF. Mechanistically, cardiac-specific knockdown of Bhlhe40 attenuated Ang II-induced activation of NF-κB/NLRP3, TGF-1β/Smad2 signals, the increased expression of CX43, and the decreased expression of Kv4.3 in the atria. This is the first study to suggest that Bhlhe40 is a novel regulator of AF progression, and identifying Bhlhe40 may be a new therapeutic target for hypertrophic remodeling and heart failure.
Mechanical circulatory support in ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Tavazzi Guido , Dammassa Valentino , Colombo Costanza Natalia Julia , Arbustini Eloisa , Castelein Thomas , Balik Martin , Vandenbriele Christophe
Published: October 2022

In atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, reduced time for ventricular filling and loss of atrial contribution lead to a significant reduction in cardiac output, resulting in cardiogenic shock. This may also occur during catheter ablation in 11% of overall procedures and is associated with increased mortality. Managing cardiogenic shock and (supra) ventricular arrhythmias is particularly challenging. Inotropic support may exacerbate tachyarrhythmias or accelerate heart rate; antiarrhythmic drugs often come with negative inotropic effects, and electrical reconversions may risk worsening circulatory failure or even cardiac arrest. The drop in native cardiac output during an arrhythmic storm can be partly covered by the insertion of percutaneous mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices guaranteeing end-organ perfusion. This provides physicians a time window of stability to investigate the underlying cause of arrhythmia and allow proper therapeutic interventions (e.g., percutaneous coronary intervention and catheter ablation). Temporary MCS can be used in the case of overt hemodynamic decompensation or as a “preemptive strategy” to avoid circulatory instability during interventional cardiology procedures in high-risk patients. Despite the increasing use of MCS in cardiogenic shock and during catheter ablation procedures, the recommendation level is still low, considering the lack of large observational studies and randomized clinical trials. Therefore, the evidence on the timing and the kinds of MCS devices has also scarcely been investigated. In the current review, we discuss the available evidence in the literature and gaps in knowledge on the use of MCS devices in the setting of ventricular arrhythmias and arrhythmic storms, including a specific focus on pathophysiology and related therapies.
Diagnosis and treatment of liver metastases of parathyroid carcinoma
Authors: Su Chaoyun , Zhang Junwei , Yang Huayu , Xu Yiyao , Lu Xin
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a very rare endocrine malignancy occurring in less than 1% of all cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). The liver is the second most common target organ for distant metastases of PC, but no guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of liver metastases. In this study, we attempted to summarize the characteristics of the diagnosis and treatment of liver metastases based on our patients and other cases reported in the literature.

Materials and methods

The files of all patients diagnosed with PC with liver metastases summarized at our center between 2000 and 2022 were reviewed, and three datasets from Medline, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched to identify relevant articles.

Results

Three patients with liver metastases from our center and 11 patients from the literature were included in the study. All patients had pHPT with borderline remission of hypercalcemia after each operation. A total of 71.4% of the patients’ liver lesions were found by abdominal CT scans, while 35.7% were found by MRI, PET-CT, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), which were also helpful for diagnosis. Eight of nine patients (88.9%) who underwent surgery, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), or transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) were alive, and only one postoperative patient died after a follow-up of 60 months.

Conclusions

PC is a rare malignant tumor prone to recurrence and metastasis, and postoperative reviews should be carried out routinely. Abnormally elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium can indicate recurrence or metastasis. Enhanced CT and MRI can provide valuable support for the diagnosis of liver metastases, but whether [18F]FDG-PET-CT, [18F]FCH-PET-CT, or [11C]choline-PET-CT can be used as a diagnostic basis requires further study. Resection of liver metastases, segmental hepatectomy, or RFA can significantly improve patients’ symptoms.
White common bean extract remodels the gut microbiota and ameliorates type 2 diabetes and its complications: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Feng Yuwei , Zhu Jie , Wang Qinyue , Cao Hong , He Fang , Guan Yin , Li Dan , Yan Jiai , Yang Ju , Xia Yanping , Dong Meihua , Hu Feng , Cao Min , Wang Jian , Ding Xiaoying , Feng Yufei , Zou Hong , Han Ying , Sun Su , Zhang Jin , Tang Aijuan , Jiang Minhong , Deng Yu , Gao Jianfen , Jia Yanxin , Zhao Wei , Zhang Feng
Published: October 2022

Objective

Excessive carbohydrate intake is a high risk factor for increased morbidity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). A novel regimen for the dietary care of diabetes that consists of a highly active α-amylase inhibitor derived from white common bean extract (WCBE) and sufficient carbohydrates intake was applied to attenuate T2D and its complications. Furthermore, the role of gut microbiota in this remission was also investigated.

Methods

We conducted a 4-month randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. During the intense intervention period, ninety subjects were randomly assigned to the control group (Group C) and WCBE group (Group W). Subjects in Group C were supplemented with 1.5 g of maltodextrin as a placebo. Subjects in Group W took 1.5 g of WCBE half an hour before a meal. Fifty-five participants continued the maintenance intervention receiving the previous dietary intervention whereas less frequent follow-up. The variation in biochemical, vasculopathy and neuropathy indicators and the structure of the fecal microbiota during the intervention was analyzed.

Result

Glucose metabolism and diabetic complications showed superior remission in Group W with a 0.721 ± 0.742% decline of glycosylated hemoglobin after 4 months. The proportion of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (Toronto Clinical Scoring System, TCSS ≥ 6) was significantly lower in Group W than in Group C. Both the left and right sural sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV-left sural and SNCV-right sural) slightly decreased in Group C and slightly increased in Group W. Additionally, the abundances of Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium and Anaerostipes were higher in Group W, and the abundances of Weissella, Klebsiella, Cronobacter and Enterobacteriaceae_unclassified were lower than those in Group C at month 2. At the end of month 4, Bifidobacterium remained more abundant in Group W.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first report of improvement to diabetes complications by using a dietary supplement in such a short-term period. The enrichment of SCFA-producing bacteria might be responsible for the attenuation of T2D and its complications.

Clinical trial registration number

http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=23309&htm=4, identifier ChiCTR-IOR-17013656
IoT-based intelligent source–load–storage coordination scheme for prosumer campus microgrids
Authors: Abdul Muqeet Hafiz , Shahzad Muhammad , Shehzad Moazzam , Akhter Jumshed , Almohaimeed Ziyad M. , Akram Rizwan , Hussain Muhammad Majid
Published: October 2022

Electrical energy is very necessary for human life in the modern era. The rising energy prices, depletion of fossil fuels, and instability of the grid are alarming situations. So, it needs a smart solution to ensure the balance between pricing and saving natural resources. Some other issues like environmental change, limitations on installation of new transmission lines, reliability concerns, and considering the expansion in distributed energy generation technologies promise the implementation of distributed generation extensively. The integration of two or more energy supplies in a power system is known as distributed energy resource system. In this study, a university campus is taken as a case study to reduce the energy cost while considering the aforementioned issues. The intelligent source–load–storage coordination scheme is proposed to utilize the available renewable energy resources with storage systems. The proposed linear model is solved in MATLAB using the exact method technique considering the economic parameters. The campus microgrid analysis is not addressed considering the Internet-of-Thing (IoT)-based building, especially in the scenario of Pakistan. The results show the efficacy of the proposed model and can be implemented on the existing campus for source–load–storage coordination as an economical solution.
The characteristics and influencing factors of change in farmland system vulnerability: A case study of Sanmenxia City, China
Authors: Niu Pu , Jiang Yulong , Yang Yongfang , Wang Li
Published: October 2022

The farmland social-ecological system is an integral part of a regional ecological system, and uses its unique perspective to trace the evolution of vulnerability of the whole ecosystem. Based on the theory of ecosystem vulnerability, the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram (VSD) assessment framework and index system of farmland system vulnerability were constructed by using multi-factor comprehensive analysis, ArcGIS spatial analysis and a factor contribution model. We evaluate the dynamic changes and influencing factors of farmland system vulnerability in Sanmenxia City, aiming to demonstrate the ways in which this vulnerability changes. The results showed a downward trend in the vulnerability of the farmland system in the city over a period of 17 years, from 0.60 in 2000 to 0.36 in 2016. From a spatial perspective, the distribution of vulnerability is uneven in each district and county. The pattern of vulnerability changed from “high in the Middle East-low in the southwest” in 2000 to “high in the Middle East-low in the southeast” in 2016. Population growth, high-speed urbanization, intensity of farmland use, factor input intensity and other human social and economic activities, together with the implementation of regional agricultural policies, have reduced the natural risk impact on the farmland social-ecological system. This is highly significant in revealing the overall evolution process and regional ecosystem mechanisms and informs the discussion on farmland social-ecosystem vulnerability in these representative areas.
Environmental factors indirectly reduce phytoplankton community stability via functional diversity
Authors: Zhang Xiaoguang , Tan Lu , Cai Qinghua , Ye Lin
Published: October 2022

The biodiversity-stability relationship is a fundamental subject of ecological research. Considerable evidence demonstrates that biodiversity can either increase or decrease stability. Most relevant research mainly focuses on grassland and forest ecosystems. The biodiversity-stability relationship in aquatic ecosystems and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. To fill the gap, we conducted a year-long study on the phytoplankton of reservoir ecosystems in the Xiangxi Bay of Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) to test the following hypotheses: (H1) phytoplankton species richness and functional diversity directly reduce phytoplankton community stability in reservoir ecosystems; (H2) nutrient enrichment and water temperature increasing directly reduce phytoplankton community stability; and (H3) nutrients and water temperature indirectly reduce phytoplankton community stability via biodiversity. The structural equation model (SEM) found that functional diversity (community-weighted means of traits and functional divergence) had significant negative correlations with phytoplankton community stability (p < 0.05), while the species diversity had no significant correlation with phytoplankton community stability (p > 0.05). This finding partially supported the hypothesis H1, which suggested that the functional diversity had a closer tie with stability than the species diversity. SEM did not find any direct effect of environmental factors on phytoplankton community stability, which rejected our hypothesis H2. Instead, SEM found that water temperature and phosphate decreased phytoplankton community stability by increasing the first principal component of the community-weighted means of traits (CWM_PC1), which supported hypothesis H3. Further analysis showed that the increased water temperature and phosphate concentration can promote “r-strategists” species (larger CWM_PC1), which are less resistant to environmental disturbances, therefore decreasing the phytoplankton community stability. Our study highlights the importance of functional diversity in maintaining the relationship between biodiversity and stability in the phytoplankton community, which may provide a mechanistic understanding of the biodiversity-stability relationships in aquatic ecosystems.
Imputation to whole-genome sequence and its use in genome-wide association studies for pork colour traits in crossbred and purebred pigs
Authors: Heidaritabar Marzieh , Huisman Abe , Krivushin Kirill , Stothard Paul , Dervishi Elda , Charagu Patrick , Bink Marco C. A. M. , Plastow Graham S.
Published: October 2022

Imputed whole-genome sequence (WGS) has been proposed to improve genome-wide association studies (GWAS), since all causative mutations responsible for phenotypic variation are expected to be present in the data. This approach was applied on a large number of purebred (PB) and crossbred (CB) pigs for 18 pork color traits to evaluate the impact of using imputed WGS relative to medium-density marker panels. The traits included Minolta A*, B*, and L* for fat (FCOL), quadriceps femoris muscle (QFCOL), thawed loin muscle (TMCOL), fresh ham gluteus medius (GMCOL), ham iliopsoas muscle (ICOL), and longissimus dorsi muscle on the fresh loin (FMCOL). Sequence variants were imputed from a medium-density marker panel (61K for CBs and 50K for PBs) in all genotyped pigs using BeagleV5.0. We obtained high imputation accuracy (average of 0.97 for PBs and 0.91 for CBs). GWAS were conducted for three datasets: 954 CBs and 891 PBs, and the combined CBs and PBs. For most traits, no significant associations were detected, regardless of panel density or population type. However, quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions were only found for a few traits including TMCOL Minolta A* and GMCOL Minolta B* (CBs), FMCOL Minolta B*, FMCOL Minolta L*, and ICOL Minolta B* (PBs) and FMCOL Minolta A*, FMCOL Minolta B*, GMCOL Minolta B*, and ICOL Minolta B* (Combined dataset). More QTL regions were identified with WGS (n = 58) relative to medium-density marker panels (n = 22). Most of the QTL were linked to previously reported QTLs or candidate genes that have been previously reported to be associated with meat quality, pH and pork color; e.g., VIL1, PRKAG3, TTLL4, and SLC11A1, USP37. CTDSP1 gene on SSC15 has not been previously associated with meat color traits in pigs. The findings suggest any added value of WGS was only for detecting novel QTL regions when the sample size is sufficiently large as with the Combined dataset in this study. The percentage of phenotypic variance explained by the most significant SNPs also increased with WGS compared with medium-density panels. The results provide additional insights into identification of a number of candidate regions and genes for pork color traits in different pig populations.
Pathogenic variants of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency: Nation-wide study in Japan and literature review
Authors: Kido Jun , Sugawara Keishin , Sawada Takaaki , Matsumoto Shirou , Nakamura Kimitoshi
Published: October 2022

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is an X-linked disorder. Several male patients with OTCD suffer from severe hyperammonemic crisis in the neonatal period, whereas others develop late-onset manifestations, including hyperammonemic coma. Females with heterozygous pathogenic variants in the OTC gene may develop a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic conditions to severe hyperammonemic attacks, owing to skewed lyonization. We reported the variants of CPS1, ASS, ASL and OTC detected in the patients with urea cycle disorders through a nation-wide survey in Japan. In this study, we updated the variant data of OTC in Japanese patients and acquired information regarding genetic variants of OTC from patients with OTCD through an extensive literature review. The 523 variants included 386 substitution (330 missense, 53 nonsense, and 3 silent), eight deletion, two duplication, one deletion-insertion, 55 frame shift, two extension, and 69 no category (1 regulatory and 68 splice site error) mutations. We observed a genotype–phenotype relation between the onset time (neonatal onset or late onset), the severity, and genetic mutation in male OTCD patients because the level of deactivation of OTC significantly depends on the pathogenic OTC variants. In conclusion, genetic information about OTC may help to predict long-term outcomes and determine specific treatment strategies, such as liver transplantation, in patients with OTCD.
MBD2 mediates Th17 cell differentiation by regulating MINK1 in Th17-dominant asthma
Authors: Chen Zhifeng , Shang Yulin , Yuan Yu , He Yi , Wasti Binaya , Duan Wentao , Ouyang Ruoyun , Jia Jingsi , Xiao Bing , Zhang Dongshan , Zhang Xiufeng , Li Jianmin , Chen Bolin , Liu Yi , Zeng Qingping , Ji Xiaoying , Ma Libing , Liu Shaokun , Xiang Xudong
Published: October 2022

Objectives: .Asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease, and T-helper cell type 17 (Th17) cells play a pathogenic role in the development of non-T2 severe asthma. Misshapen like kinase 1 (MINK1) is involved in the regulation of Th17 cell differentiation, but its effect on severe asthma remains unclear. Our previous studies showed that methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) expression was significantly increased in patients with Th17 severe asthma and could regulate Th17 cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate how MBD2 interacts with MINK1 to regulate Th17 cell differentiation in Th17-dominant asthma.

Materials and methods: Female C57BL/6 mice and bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) were used to establish mouse and cell models of Th17-dominant asthma, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect Th17 cell differentiation, and the level of IL-17 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to detect MBD2 and MINK1 expression. To investigate the role of MBD2 and MINK1 in Th17 cell differentiation in Th17-dominant asthma, the MBD2 and MINK1 genes were silenced or overexpressed by small interfering RNA and plasmid transfection.

Results: Mouse and BEC models of Th17-dominant asthma were established successfully. The main manifestations were increased neutrophils in BALF, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), activated Th17 cell differentiation, and high IL-17 levels. The expression of MBD2 in lung tissues and BECs from the Th17-dominant asthma group was significantly increased, while the corresponding expression of MINK1 was significantly impaired. Through overexpression or silencing of MBD2 and MINK1 genes, we have concluded that MBD2 and MINK1 regulate Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 release. Interestingly, MBD2 was also found to negatively regulate the expression of MINK1.

Conclusion: Our findings have revealed new roles for MBD2 and MINK1, and provide new insights into epigenetic regulation of Th17-dominant asthma, which is dominated by neutrophils and Th17 cells. This study could lead to new therapeutic targets for patients with Th17-dominant asthma.
Central gene transcriptional regulatory networks shaping monocyte development in bone marrow
Authors: Zhang Zhaoqi , Bossila Elhusseny A. , Li Ling , Hu Songnian , Zhao Yong
Published: October 2022

The development of monocytes in bone marrow is a complex process with multiple steps. We used RNA-seq data to analyze the transcriptome profiles in developing stages of monocytes, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), common myeloid progenitors (CMPs), granulocyte–monocyte progenitors (GMPs), and monocytes. We found that genes related to potassium and other cation transmembrane activities and ion binding were upregulated during the differentiation of HSCs into CMPs. Protein transport and membrane surface functional molecules were significantly upregulated in the GMP stage. The CD42RAC and proteasome pathways are significantly upregulated during the development of HSCs into monocytes. Transcription factors Ank1, Runx2, Hmga2, Klf1, Nfia, and Bmyc were upregulated during the differentiation of HSCs into CMPs; Gfi1 and Hmgn2 were highly expressed during the differentiation of CMPs into GMPs; Seventeen transcription factors including Foxo1, Cdkn2d, Foxo3, Ep300, Pias1, Nfkb1, Creb1, Bcl6, Ppp3cb, Stat5b, Nfatc4, Mef2a, Stat6, Ifnar2, Irf7, Irf5, and Cebpb were identified as potentially involved in the development of GMPs into monocytes in mice and humans. In metabolism pathway regulation, HSCs have high glucose, lipid, and nucleic acid metabolism activities; CMPs mainly up regulate the TCA cycle related genes; and GMPs have extremely active metabolisms, with significantly elevated pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle, histidine metabolism, and purine metabolism. In the monocyte phase, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is reduced, and the anaerobic glycolysis process becomes dominated. Overall, our studies offer the kinetics and maps of gene transcriptional expressions and cell metabolisms during monocyte development in bone marrow.