bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Criteria Inventory Optimisation of University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria’s Bakery Using Goal Programming Approach and Flour as the Major Raw-Material
Authors: Mojisola A. *Bolarinwa, , Fisayo E. Fajebe,
Published: January 2022

Asides inventory cost, which is being used as the only inventory performance measure at the University of Ibadan bakery, a number of other criteria, such as inventory cost, service level, inventory turnover and delivery lead time which influence the performance of an inventory system have surfaced over the years. Hence, there is the need to examine all these criteria-objectives altogether. Therefore, this research was centred towards optimising the inventory system of University of Ibadan bakery, putting multiple criteria into consideration.

Data on 17 raw materials: their costs, suppliers, usage rate, lead time, storage space and available capital were collected by means of interviews, past records and observations. The weighted goal program algorithm was adopted to find the best compromise between fulfilling the four objectives by minimising the sum of the deviation from the target values of the goals. Subsequently, Lingo 17.0 and Tora 1.0 optimisation software packages were used to solve and compare the model generated, while putting into consideration storage space constraint and budgeted capital.

The developed model from the goal programming algorithm exhibited four goals (combined into one objective function). Same solutions were obtained from Lingo 17.0 and Tora 1.0. While Lingo 17.0 gave a  uniform service level of 100% , a  turnover ratio greater than 1(>1) for all the materials at a negligible increase (of  < 0.0001%) in total inventory cost of the raw materials and available lead time duration of zero days (< 24 hours) for each material, Tora 1.0  gave a  uniform service level of 100% , a  turnover ratio greater than 1 (> 1) for all the materials at a negligible increase (of  < 0.0001%) in total inventory cost of the raw materials and available lead time duration of zero days (< 24 hours) for each material.

Implementation of the developed model will eliminate unnecessary waiting time between production, thereby ensuring effective and efficient utilisation of raw materials in production which will lead to reduced cost of holding inventory, elimination of unnecessary overall cost and wastages, and also improvement of the productivity and profit on the long run.
A Systematic Literature Review on the Cyber Security
Authors: Perwej Dr.Yusuf , Qamar Abbas Syed , Pratap Dixit Jai , Akhtar Dr. Nikhat , Kumar Jaiswal Anurag
Published: January 2022

In recent years, the Internet has become an integral element of people's everyday lifestyles all across the world. Online criminality, on the other hand, has risen in tandem with the growth of Internet activity. Cyber security has advanced greatly in recent years in order to keep up with the rapid changes that occur in cyberspace. Cyber security refers to the methods that a country or organization can use to safeguard its products and information in cyberspace.  Two decades ago, the term "cyber security" was barely recognized by the general public. Cyber security isn't just a problem that affects individuals but it also applies to an organization or a government. Everything has recently been digitized, with cybernetics employing a variety of technologies such as cloud computing, smart phones, and Internet of Things techniques, among others. Cyber-attacks are raising concerns about privacy, security, and financial compensation. Cyber security is a set of technologies, processes, and practices aimed at preventing attacks, damage, and illegal access to networks, computers, programmes, and data.  The primary goal of this article is to conduct a thorough examination of cyber security kinds, why cyber security is important, cyber security framework, cyber security tools, and cyber security difficulties. Cyber security safeguards the data and integrity of computing assets that are part of or connected to an organization's network, with the goal of defending such assets from all threat actors throughout the life cycle of a cyber-attack.
Study Regarding Accounting Treatment of Green Certificates in Romania
Authors: OCNEAN Monica
Published: January 2022

Accounting regulations approved through Order 1802/2014 makes remarks regarding the reflection of green certificates in accounting.      Green certificates are titles that attest the production of a quantity of electrical energy from renewable sources. These can be traded distinctly from the amount of electrical energy that they represent. A.N.R.E. (National Agency of Energy Regulation) rewards producers of renewable electricity to benefit the promotion of sustainable energy through green certificates. Electricity providers and some producers are required to purchase a number of green certificates on a quarterly basis. They are then required to transmit to the National Agency of Energy Regulation, in the specified format and by the deadline set by them, the quantities of electrical energy for which they need to purchase green certificates, in conformity with law 220/2008. The cost of green certificates is billed separately from the price of electric energy inaccounting tratament the invoice sent to the final customers. Providers or producers that do not meet the yearly quota must pay the value of green certificates not acquired in said timespan. According to the ministry’s of public finance Order 1802/2014, producers of renewable energy, that benefit from green certificates provided by the transport and system operator must register the green certificates received into their accountings using specific accounting accounts
Effects of Product Quality and Promotion on Purchase Decision: A Case Study of The Lanang Suhang Soluble Coffee In Lahat Regency
Authors: Hasanah Titi , Hestin  , Hardiyansyah
Published: January 2022

This study aims to investigate the effects of product quality and promotion on purchase decisions. This analysis is a case study involving the Lanang Suhang soluble coffee brand in Talang Agung Village, Pajar Bulan District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia. Data demonstrated that the soluble coffee brand has experienced growth of as much as 10% from the last 3 years of business operation. Data were collected through questionnaires and analysed using SPSS. Results reveal that product quality has no significant effects on purchase decisions. Conversely, the promotion has significant and positive effects on purchase decisions. Simultaneously, both product quality and promotion have significant and positive impacts on purchase decision of the Lanang Suhang soluble coffee brand located in the Talang Agung Village, Pajar Bulan District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia. Practical implications are discussed.
Structural Capital Development and Intra-Organizational Integration of Premium Restaurants In Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Judipat Nkiru Obiora,
Published: January 2022

The imperatives of intraorganizational integration anchor on the establishment of systemic features necessary for organizational effectiveness and efficiency. Such outcomes border on the support and framework advanced by the structural components of the organization, and the extent to which infrastructures and norms serve the goal of improved service quality and delivery especially within the hospitality industry. This paper identified structural capital development as a significant predictor of intraorganizational integration (communication and knowledge sharing) in premium restaurants in Rivers State – thus, reinforcing the institutional theory on the criticality of learning and the embodiment of external values and considerations in shaping or defining organizational structures, routines and policies. The findings however indicate that structural capital does not influence cohesion within the premium restaurants. In conclusion, emphasis is placed on the imperatives of informed change activities channelled towards organizational infrastructure and functions; such that anchor on the unique characteristics or attributes of the environment; thus enabling a more harmonic and systemic outcome for the internal as well as external features of the organization
“I can't enjoy my studies, I'm stressed” Effect of Academic Stress on Positive Mental Health In Students College
Authors: HERDIAN  , Totok Haryanto
Published: January 2022

The world has experienced a tremendous impact over the past two years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the impacts is the change in the learning system from offline classes to online classes. Not a few studies say that online learning impacts students' psychology, one of which is academic stress. This study examines the effect of academic stress on positive mental health in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 76 psychology students in Central Java, Indonesia, participated in this study. The results show a significant effect of academic stress on positive mental health in students during online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implications of the results of this study are discussed in detail
Drug Administrations for Patients Improves Hematologic Values in Fighting COVID-19 at Private Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Arief Ilham
Published: January 2022

No specific drugs have been found for the COVID-19 pandemic until now. The drug administration follows the national standards imposed to prevent the worsening of the patient's condition in the hope of recovery. The purpose of this study was to look at the effect of drug administration on hematologic parameters before and after the administration of drugs. This research method is cohort-based observational with the collection of retrospective medical record data from March to October 2020 at the Central Jakarta Private Hospital, Indonesia. The results showed improvement values in hematologic parameter values in eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios, and statistically, the parameter of eosinophils values is a significant difference after administering the drug.
The Difference Of PT, aPTT, Fibrinogen, D-Dimer Activities In HIV Patients With CD4 Count Of <200 uL And >200 uL
Authors: Hadian Muhammad , Loesnihari Ricke , Kembaren Tambar
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction: HIV is a developing disease that has been a global problem. The progress of HIV infection is characterized by decreased CD4 count. Hemostasis disorder is often found in patients with HIV, where the formed virus-antibody complex can activate the coagulation system, beginning from the activation of the Hageman factor (Factor XII) into the active form (Factor XIIa). This factor will activate the fibrinolysis process. Fibrin polymer is broken down into fragments X and Y. Fragment Y is further broken down into Fragment D and E, which is known as D-dimer.

Objective: To determine the difference of PT, aPTT, Fibrinogen, and D-Dimer in HIV patients with a CD4 lymphocyte count of < 200/µL and > 200/µL in H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan.

Hypothesis: There is a difference of PT and aPTT activities in HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200 cells/µL and ≥ 200 cells/µL and a difference of D-dimer and fibrinogen levels in HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200/µL and > 200/µL in H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan.

Methods: This study was conducted in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, H. Adam Malik General Hospital. Samples were collected with a consecutive sampling method which included patients diagnosed with HIV in H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from September 2019 to July 2020 who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-eight patients were divided into two groups, i.e., HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200/µL and HIV patients with a CD4 lymphocyte count of > 200/ µL.

Results: Mann-Whitney test was used to assess the comparison of PT and aPTT values between HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200 cells/µL and ≥ 200 cells/µL. The result was significant with a p-value = 0.002, which means that there is a significant difference in PT and aPTT values between HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200 cells/µL and ≥ 200 cells/µL. An Independent T-test was used to assess the difference in fibrinogen level between HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200/µL and > 200/µL, which resulted in p-value = 0.032. This means that there is a significant difference in fibrinogen levels between HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200/µL and > 200/µL. Mann-Whitney test was used to determine the comparison in D-dimer level between HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200/µL and > 200/µL, which showed a p-value = 0.002. This indicated a significant difference in D-dimer level between HIV patients with a CD4 count of < 200/µL and > 200/µL.

Conclusion: The lower the CD4 lymphocyte count, the higher the activities of PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, and D-dimer in HIV patients.

 

Keywords: HIV, PT, aPTT, D-Dimer, Fibrinogen, Hemostasis
Social Support and Personal Resilience of Government Employees
Authors: Genuba Rinante , E. Abaya Marife , R. Dafielmoto Annabelle , T. Espirituoso Merlinda , C. Centeno Lyn Marie , S. Bandiola Dr. Alberto
Published: January 2022

The study primarily aims to determine which domain of social support significantly influences the personal resilience of government employees. The study utilized a descriptive correlational design and employed a survey method to attain the research objectives. The selected respondents were the 210 government employees who were selected through a stratified random sampling technique. The researchers made use of the pilot-tested and enhanced adapted questionnaires. The statistical tools used were mean, pearson r and regression. As reflected on the results, social support and personal resilience of government employees obtained different mean scores but both belong to high descriptive levels. Further, it was found out that there is a significant relationship between social support and the personal resilience of government employees. Furthermore, it was found that social support significantly influences personal resilience having three out of four domains contributed to its significant influence. Lastly, it was emotional support emerged as the best predictor in this study.
 
Keywords: public administration, social support, personal resilience, emotional support, Philippines
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial effect of Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) compounds derived from 1,2,4-triazoles
Authors: Almeida Patricia Saraiva Vilas Boas de , Maia José Roberto da Silveira , Falqueto Mariana Caliman , Oliveira Leandro Licursi de
Published: January 2022

Compounds of Cu(II) and Zn(II) with 3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-amine {R = methyl (mta), phenyl (pta)} were prepared and characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C), electronic spectroscopy (UV-VIS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microanalyses and melting point. Dimeric, monomeric, and polymeric materials were synthesized in this work. The Zn(II)-1,2,4-triazole derivatives have the metal ion at the center of two geometric arrangements, being a tetrahedron for the complex-7 and 9, and an octahedron for the complex-8. The only polymeric material, complex-7, was characterized by the DSC analytical data. The Decomposition reaction of complex-8 in chloroform produced the complex-9, a aminoguanidine derivative, and the Zn(II)-benzoate compound. The IR and UV-VIS of Cu(II)-mta derivatives revealed two possible geometric patterns for the metallic ion; a distorted bipyramidal trigonal geometry for compounds 10 and 11 in solution, and in the solid state, the same geometry for complex-10, but for complex-11, the IR data suggest a distorted octahedral geometry. The biological assay of the 1,2,4-triazole compounds and their metal derivatives against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria shown the compounds of Zn(II) as the only active materials with values of MIC within the range of 133.5 µM (83.3 µg / mL) to 360.7 µM (166.6 µg / mL).
Use of del Nido cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery
Authors: AMAÇ Bişar , SELÇUK Mümün , BÖLÜKBAŞ Semra , KAHRAMAN Fatma , AS Ahmet Kağan , SAVRAN Muhammed , GÜVENÇ Orhan , GÖNCÜ Mehmet Tuğrul , ENGİN Mesut , YAVUZ Senol
Published: January 2022

In most adult cardiac surgery operations, the heart must be completely immobile and isolated from the blood. Therefore, the heart is stopped in diastole and a still operative site is obtained. Cardiac arrest results in ischemia-reperfusion injury. For these reasons, myocardial protection and the prevention of damages are required. Various cardioplegia solutions are used for this purpose. It can be said that cardioplegia is the gold standard method of myocardial protection in cardiac arrest. Nowadays, "Single-dose cardioplegia" applications are increasingly used, especially in minimally invasive cardiac surgery and basic coronary bypass procedures due to the advantages they provide, which include reduction of aortic cross-clamp time, prevention of frequent interruption of the procedure due to cardioplegia, and reduced postoperative myocardial dysfunction incidence. The two main solutions used in single dose cardioplegia applications are the Bretschneider solution and the del Nido extracellular cardioplegia solution. The del Nido cardioplegia solution (dNCS), which was originally developed for use in pediatric cardiac surgery, has recently increased its use in adult cardiac surgery due to straightforward application and long-term effectiveness. The del Nido cardioplegia reduces the aortic cross clamp duration, cardiopulmonary bypass time and required cardioplegia solution volume, and is a safer and superior cardioplegia solution and technique in terms of myocardial protection with regards to many organs and cardiac-biochemical parameters.
Aceite esencial de orégano (Lippia origanoides) mejora parámetros productivos y metabólitos sanguíneos en lechones
Authors: Maya Ortega Carlos Abel , Ángel Isaza Jaime Andrés , Martínez Morales Blanca Cecilia , Parra Suescún Jaime Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Los antibióticos han sido utilizados en la alimentación animal con el fin de garantizar una producción más eficiente; sin embargo, la aparición de bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos ha causado preocupación tanto a consumidores como científicos. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con Lippia origanoides sobre el rendimiento productivo y la concentración de metabolitos sanguíneos en lechones destetados a los 21 días. Se utilizaron 72 lechones destetados el día 21 y aleatorizados a 3 dietas: (D1) alimento base, (D2) alimento base + bacitracina de zinc (350 ppm) y (D3) alimento base + Lippia origanoides (150 ppm). Los días 15 y 30 del periodo experimental se evaluaron parámetros zootécnicos y variables metabólicas a nivel sérico. Los animales que consumieron la dieta D3 presentaron mayor conversión alimenticia y ganancia de peso, además de presentar concentraciones mayores (p<0,05) de fosfatasa alcalina, calcio y fosforo, mientras que las concentraciones de creatinina, alanino amino-transferasa, glucosa, triglicéridos y colesterol se encontraron significativamente (p<0,05) inferiores en comparación con los animales que consumieron (D1) y (D2). El uso de Lippia origanoides en la dieta de lechones constituye una alternativa al uso de antibióticos, pues tiene efectos favorables sobre la bioquímica sanguínea y el rendimiento productivo.
Efecto de la inoculación Rhizophagus irregularis y de la fertilización fosfatada sobre la comunidad local de hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares
Authors: Ordoñez Castañeda Yuli Marcela , Ceballos  rojas Isabel Cristina , Rodriguez  Villate Alia , Sanders Ian
Published: January 2022

Los Hongos Formadores de Micorrizas Arbusculares (HFMA) son microorganismos cruciales en los suelos agrícolas por el efecto positivo que tienen sobre la movilización de uno de los nutrientes fundamentales para las plantas como es el fósforo (P). Los contenidos disponibles de P en los suelos de la Orinoquía Colombiana son bajos, por lo que la fertilización con fosfato es indispensable en cultivos comerciales como la yuca. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el efecto de la fertilización fosfatada y de la inoculación con Rhizophagus irregularis (hongo modelo de los HFMA), sobre las comunidades residentes de este grupo de hongos. La diversidad de los HFMA fue descrita a partir de las esporas presentes en la rizósfera de plantas de yuca mantenidas bajo condiciones agronómicas tradicionales. La riqueza y diversidad de las comunidades de HFMA se afectaron por la interacción de los factores analizados. En términos de estructura de la comunidad de HFMA en la rizósfera de las plantas de yuca, se detectaron cambios en la abundancia de los géneros Glomus y Acaulospora; asociados respectivamente a la inoculación y a la fertilización fosfatada. Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que prácticas agrícolas como la aplicación de fertilizante fosfatado y la inoculación con R. irregularis, son procesos que pueden afectar el ensamblaje de la comunidad de estos hongos, así también la diversidad de las comunidades de HFMA nativas en suelos de la Orinoquía Colombiana. Se requieren investigaciones adicionales para entender la relación entre la composición de las comunidades de HFMA y la respuesta de la planta hospedera.
Desempeño de larvas y juveniles de Piaractus orinoquensis cultivados a diferentes densidades en sistemas con tecnología biofloc TBF
Authors: COLLAZOS LASSO LUIS FELIPE , UENO FUKURA MITSUAKI , ARIAS CASTELLANOS JOSÉ ALFREDO , VINATEA ARANA LUIS ALEJANDRO
Published: January 2022

El sistema de cultivo de peces con TBF presenta condiciones de calidad de agua y oferta de alimento vivo favorables para el cultivo de peces con desarrollo indirecto en etapas tempranas, en este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el cultivo con TBF de larvas y juveniles de Piaractus orinoquensis a diferentes densidades de siembra. Para este fin se estableció biofloc a una relación carbono / nitrógeno de 15/1, evaluándose seis densidades de siembra, así: T1=10, T2 = 20, T3 = 30, T4 = 40, T5 = 50 y T6 = 60 larvas L-1. Los estudios se condujeron en dos fases: la primera de larvicultura, durante 12 días de cultivo, los resultados muestran que la supervivencia (%) y el peso final fueron mayores en los tratamientos de menores densidades, sin embargo, los tratamientos con mayores densidades presentaron mayor número de larvas vivas. Para la segunda fase, comprendida entre el día 13 al 24 post siembra (DPS), se presentaron respuestas similares, siendo que la supervivencia (%) fue mayor a menores densidades de siembra (T1 = 79,8±6,90 %), no obstante, el número total de juveniles vivos fue mayor a densidades mayores (T6 = 34,5±5,2 juveniles L-1); el peso final disminuyó a medida que aumentó la densidad sin que la longitud presentara diferencias estadísticas. El análisis multivariado que relacionó la supervivencia, el peso, la longitud, el número de larvas y juveniles vivos, indicó que las mejores respuestas se presentaron en el T3 con una supervivencia del 49,5±7,4 % y un número final de juveniles de 14,9±2,1 L-1. La posibilidad de cultivar larvas y juveniles de P. orinoquensis de manera superintensiva con tecnología biofloc es factible en las condiciones reportadas, obteniendo los mejores resultados a una densidad de 30 larvas L-1.
A Clinical Study on Traumatic Pericarditis and Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis in Twelve Holstein Friesian Cattle
Authors: Prajapati A.S. , Suthar A.N. , Chauhan P.M. , Patel K.D. , Patel R.M. , Patel A.M.
Published: January 2022

Background: Traumatic injury caused by swallowed sharp foreign object is one of the common conditions in dairy animal resulting into development of traumatic pericarditis (TP) and traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP). Under field conditions both conditions mimic the same clinical signs making it difficult to differentiate as well as render to choose ideal therapeutic management. The present study was aimed to evaluate clinical, hematobiochemical and ultrasonographic changes in cattle to clinically differentiate between TP and TRP cases. Methods: From the period of January 2020 to December 2020, total twelve Holstein Friesian cattle were investigated for TP and TRP. In the present study, six animals each suffering from TP and TRP were included along with six normal healthy animals as control. Different clinical signs, haemato-biochemical parameters and ultrasonographical findings were recorded in each group and comparative analysis was done. Result: Brisket edema, bilateral jugular vein engorgement and arched back conditions were most reported clinical signs in both the groups. Significant changes were recorded in the values of red blood cells, lymphocyte, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and SGOT between both the groups. Significant drop in hemoglobin level was observed in TP affected group. No significant changes were observed in white blood cells, packed cell volume, monocyte counts and eosinophil counts. Significant increase in fibrinogen concentration recorded in both the groups. In ultrasonography, accumulation of anechoic fluid around heart in TP and reticular wall thickening in TRP was most consistent findings.
Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Y-chromosome Specific DDX3Y Gene in Murrah Buffalo Bulls
Authors: Ramajayan P. , Sivaselvam S.N. , Karthickeyan S.M.K. , Gopinathan A. , Poobitha S.
Published: January 2022

Background: Molecular markers based approaches are essential to select fertile bulls for frozen semen production at an early age. The present investigation was undertaken to perform the molecular characterization and identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in Y-chromosome specific DDX3Y gene in Murrah buffalo bulls. Methods: The genomic DNA isolated from the blood samples of 70 Murrah buffalo bulls, covering bulls with normal seminal traits and poor production performance (poor semen quality, freezability, libido), were subjected to PCR amplification. The sequences of DDX3Y gene were analyzed for single nucleotide polymorphism using the seqman module of DNASTAR LASERGENE software. The single nucleotide variations in the sequences with reference to the Bos taurus sequence were determined using Clustal W. The phylogenetic tree and genetic distance were constructed using the MegAlign module. Result: The analysis of sequences revealed that the exons and their adjacent intronic regions of the DDX3Y gene are monomorphic in nature without any variations indicating that the sequences are highly conserved in the studied population of Murrah buffalo bulls. However, a considerable number of single nucleotide variations were observed in the sequences of Murrah buffalo compared with Bos taurus sequences. Furthermore, the phylogenetic tree analysis revealed less divergence and close genetic association between the sequences of Murrah buffalo and other species in the bovinae family than the caprinea species. Further studies on DDX3Y gene in a more extensive and diverse population of Murrah buffalo bulls distributed in different regions could aid to discover substantial SNPs.
Effect of Zinc Sources on Nutrient Content and Uptake in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] under the Acidic Soil Conditions of Nagaland
Authors: . Sentimenla , Singh A.K. , . Merasenla
Published: January 2022

Background: Soybean is an important legume as well as oil seed crop grown in a varied range of climate and soils. Zinc is an important micronutrient required for plants, animals and human. Its deficiency in soil is a worldwide concern for production of food crops. Therefore two years reseach in two locations were conducted in 2019 and 2020 to study the nutrient content and uptake of NPK and Zn in soybean with zinc fertilization. Methods: A two years research was conducted in two locations under the acidic soil conditions of Nagaland. Nutrient content and uptake of N, P, K and Zn were recorded at first, second year and pooled. The location, climate, altitude and soil fertility status were recorded in both the sites. Altogether there were 13 treatments and 3 replications.The experimental design used was simple RBD. The datas were recorded, analysed and computed statistically. Result: The nutrient uptake of N, K and Zn except P in soybean were significantly found to be increased @ 5 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 H2O + RDF (T9) followed by T8 and T10 as compared to control in both the years and pooled.
The Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi in Drought Tolerance in Legume Crops: A Review
Authors: Hu Yannan , Pandey Arun K. , Wu Xinyang , Fang Pingping , Xu Pei
Published: January 2022

Legumes are low-cost but high-yielding crops, which are rich in dietary proteins, vitamins and minerals. Known as mycorrhizal plants, legumes are widely used as model organisms to explore the plant-microbe interactions, especially the symbiotic relationship between plants and rhizosphere microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), an important class of plant-associated microbes, can regulate many physiological and molecular responses of plants. To date, AMF has been commonly used as a bio-fertilizer, whose inoculation to host plants can confer tolerance to different abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat and heavy metals. This review provides an overview of the responses of legumes to drought stress (DS), a summary of the mechanism of AMF-legume symbiosis and its effect on host plant drought tolerance, which taken together reveals the significance of this symbiosis in agriculture. The presented rich information will help understand how host plants benefit from AMF to increase drought tolerance while finetuning their metabolic pathways. The potential and importance of AMF as one of the most effective and environmental-friendly management approaches for enhancing legume crop productivity against DS is highlighted.
Determination of gushing potential of barley
Authors: Běláková Sylvie , Foltýn Tomáš , Belcredi Březinová Natálie , Pernica Marek , Boško Rastislav , Svoboda Zdeněk , Benešová Karolína
Published: January 2022

A new control method for the determination of the malting barley susceptibility to gushing was developed. The method is based on the modified Carlsberg test (MCT) after prior stimulation of barley with substances that promote the germination process. Barleys from the harvest of 2020 and malts produced from them were used to develop and verify the method. The selection of barleys was based on the results of gushing potential detected in the produced malts. To optimise and verify the method, the barley variety Sunshine with a high gushing potential of both barley (139±33 g) and malt (144±13 g), and the barley variety Pionier with zero gushing potential of both barley and malt were used. Malt was produced from the Lodestar barley variety with a high content of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol. Gushing of the malt was 127±10 g. The gushing potential in barley was determined by the MCT method after prior stimulation of germination. For comparison, the gushing potential was also determined by the MCT method without stimulation of germination. It was proved that stimulation of germination is a key process for correct determination of the susceptibility of barley to gushing. The newly developed method was used for the determination of the gushing potential of five barleys from the harvests of 2020 and 2021. Control gushing determination of five malt samples was performed using the MCT method. An agreement between the measured data was found.
Çok Boyutlu Varoluşsal Pişmanlık Envanterinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Güvenirlik ve Geçerlilik Analizi
Authors: ERMİŞ Ece Naz , BAYRAKTAR Seda
Published: January 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı “Çok Boyutlu Varoluşsal Pişmanlık Ölçeği (ÇBVPÖ)’nin Türk popülasyonunda geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizini yapmaktır. Uyarlama çalışması 19-61 yaşları arasındaki kişilere uygulanmıştır. Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA), Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ve test tekrar test güvenilirlik analizleri için iki ayrı örneklem üzerinden toplam 343 kişi ile çalışma yürütülmüştür. AFA sonucunda varyansın % 55.93’ünü açıklayan 34 madde ve içsel çatışma, kendine ilişkin pişmanlık, diğer kişilere ilişkin pişmanlık, kabullenme, duygusallık olarak 5 boyuttan oluşan bir yapı elde edilmiştir. DFA sonucuna göre maddelerin faktör yüklerinin .34 ile .88 arasında değiştiği görülmektedir. DFA sonucunda uyum indeksi değerleri; RMSEA .070; GFI .803; AGFI .861; CFI .850; χ2 ise 2.573 (p
Déterminants de l’Usage du Transfert d’Argent Mobile par les Utilisateurs d’Internet Mobile au Mali
Authors: Sacko Issa , Cissé Madou , Keita Falingué
Published: January 2022

Le présent papier analyse les principaux déterminants de l’utilisation des services de transfert d’argent mobile par les internautes maliens en situation mobile. Les données collectées auprès de 1739 individus utilisateurs d’Internet mobile de l’étude du groupe de recherche en économie solidaire et industrielle (GRESI) ont été utilisées. Après avoir implémenté le modèle Logit qui est un modèle de régression binomiale, les résultats montrent qu’avoir un niveau d’instruction inférieur au niveau secondaire, avoir un âge compris entre 15-35 ans et la cherté du coût de connexion jouent négativement sur la probabilité d’utiliser le mobile money via Internet mobile au Mali. Tandis que le revenu, la zone de résidence urbaine, les compétences en informatiques et les professions : ouvrier, entrepreneur, commerçant et agriculteur influencent positivement l’utilisation des services de transfert d’argent mobile par le truchement d’Internet mobile.
Effect of Exchange Rate Misalignment on Bilateral Trade Between Kenya and European Union: 2000-2016
Authors: Gachoki Charles Munene , Okeri Susan , Korir Julius
Published: January 2022

The exchange rate is an important variable in international trade because a country's competitiveness is determined by the expectations on how trade reacts to its movements. To orient the economy outwards, Kenya has pursued various measures from the 1990s to the 2000s. Kenya also signed up for nonreciprocal trade with the European Union under the Cotonou agreement. Despite the export-oriented efforts, Kenya's trade has remained skewed towards imports and a widening trade deficit which seems to follow the weakening of the Kenya shilling. The main policy dilemma therefore, is how imports accelerated in an environment of unhindered European Union market access, hence the motivation of this study. The study adopted a dynamic modeling approach since previous and present values affect exchange rate and trade. The results show that the economic fundamentals drive the real exchange rate. In terms of misalignment, the exchange rate is overvalued to a maximum of 5.9 percent and undervalued up to 5.2 percent. The estimated misalignment hurts imports but has a positive, statistically insignificant effect on exports. The results of this study suggest that the monetary authority should ensure the exchange rate remains stable and within the 6 percent range while monitoring all the underlying determinants. Additionally, hedging instruments should be made available and affordable to traders.
Othering Europe: Ambivalence in Moroccan Discourse Towards Modernity under the Dogmatic Understanding of Islam and the Political Affiliation to the Monarchy
Authors: Salih Hamza
Published: January 2022

This paper is a study of the reaction of the Moroccan intellectual elite against/towards European modernity in the nineteenth century. The primary focus is on the Moroccan failure to formulate and develop a positive and reasonable response to European expansionism and menace. This threat may seem military in its core as it was related to colonialism, yet the encounter was essentially cultural and the reaction of the Moroccan elite took its grounds from religious and cultural stands. This is simply because Europe was not only a colonizing Other, but also a cultural opponent with which Morocco had armed conflicts, long-standing rivalries, and even cultural dialogues. This paper develops an argument that the Moroccan intellectual elite exemplified via ambassadorial travel writers, the Makhzen’s envoys to Europe, failed to see Europe as a possible model or at least to open some horizons of cultural dialogue and encounter. Due to cultural reasons and historical circumstances, this intellectual elite rejected Europe and modernity. The present paper limits itself to the question of ambivalence shown by Moroccan ambassadorial travel writers in their narratives. It argues that their travel accounts were torn between the writers’ religious thinking and political affiliations. It postulates that ambassadorial travel writers showed ambivalence in their connection to the idea of modernity. Their narratives were governed by the dichotomy of admiration of the material progress of Europe and rejection of Europe as a possible cultural model.
Ville et Evenement : Analyse de l’inscription Territoriale de la « Fete du 15 Aout » Dans la Ville de Savalou (Centre Benin)
Authors: Sylvain Vissoh Ahotondji
Published: January 2022

Les villes accueillent souvent des évènements qui, de par leur nature et les manifestations qu’ils engendrent, marquent la trame urbaine et contribuent au développement local. Le but de la présente recherche est d’analyser l’inscription territoriale de la « fête du 15 août », le plus important évènement qu’accueille, chaque année, la ville de Savalou. L’approche méthodologique adoptée combine les recherches documentaires notamment sur la thématique ville et évènement, les enquêtes de terrain à travers l’observation participante des manifestations des éditions 2019 et 2021 de la fête du 15 août, les entretiens semi directifs avec les autorités communales et les questionnaires avec les promoteurs de réceptifs hôteliers, de restaurants ainsi que quelques forains et visiteurs urbains. Au total, 173 personnes ont été interrogées dans le cadre de cette recherche. Ces personnes ont été retenues par la méthode de choix raisonné. Les méthodes d’analyse de contenu et de statistiques descriptives ont permis de traiter les données et informations recueillies et le modèle SWOT ou FFOM (Forces, Faiblesses, Opportunités et Menaces) a été utilisé pour analyser les résultats obtenus. Il ressort des analyses que cinq (05) manifestations clés sont organisées dans le cadre de la « fête du 15 août » : il s’agit du rituel d’autorisation de la consommation des nouvelles ignames, la Grande Foire Artisanale de Savalou (GFAS), l’élection de Miss Savalou (la plus belle fille de la Commune de Savalou), la finale de la coupe de football de la commune et les concerts. Au plan spatial, l’évènement se déroule en plusieurs lieux à savoir le palais royal, la paroisse de l’église catholique, la maison des jeunes, le stade omnisport de la ville, la place Soha et le site de la foire. Il n’existe pas une structure officielle qui assure le portage de l’évènement ; chaque manifestation est organisée par un acteur donné sans qu’aucune coordination ne soit mise en place. Par ailleurs, très peu de recettes sont collectées par la mairie à l’occasion de cet évènement. On en déduit que l’évènement profite financièrement plus aux acteurs privés qu’à la municipalité.
Extraction Et Caractérisation Physico-Chimique D’un Sel Végétal À Partir De La Cendre Du Palmier À Huile Du Nord Du Togo
Authors: Koriko Moursalou , Tchegueni Sanonka , Alassani Fouad , Agbegnigan Degbe Koffi , Tchangbedji Gado
Published: January 2022

Ce présent travail a porté sur l’extraction et la caractérisation physico-chimique d’un sel végétal fabriqué à base du palmier à huile. L’incinération des branches de palmier à huile donne une cendre qui, par lavage et évaporation donne du sel de palme. L’analyse de la solution obtenue après lavage de cette cendre à l’eau distillée par photométrie à flamme, spectrométrie à absorption atomique et par volumétrie révèle la présence de sodium (84,500 mg/L), potassium (1120 mg/L), calcium (44 mg/L) et magnésium (0,022 mg/L). Ce résultat indique que cette solution est très riche en potassium qu’en sodium et calcium ; le magnésium est présent sous forme de trace. En outre, l’analyse de la cendre obtenue à base de la rafle a révélé que les teneurs en potassium (3331,410 mg/L) et en sodium (497 mg/L) de la rafle sont plus élevées que celles de la branche du palmier à huile. Cependant, le dosage des anions dans une solution obtenue par dissolution de 10 grammes de sel de palme dans un litre d’eau distillée révèle la présence de chlorures (3153,460 mg/L), des hydroxydes (0,289 mg/L), des carbonates (0,180 mg/L) et des hydrogénocarbonates (12,017mg/L). Les concentrations de ces anions indiquent que cette solution est très riche en chlorure qu’aux autres anions trouvés. Par conséquent, le sel de palme est un mélange de sels riche en chlorure de potassium. La quantité de sel végétal obtenue à la préparation contrôlée rapportée à la biomasse végétale est de l’ordre de 1,24% donc assez faible.
Impacts D’une Technique De Restauration De Terre Dégradée Sur La Survie Et La Croissance Des Plants De Quatre Espèces De Combretaceae En Zone Sahélienne Du Niger
Authors: Abdou Amani , Saley Karim , Ali Mahamane , Aboubacar Ichaou
Published: January 2022

Les banquettes sylvopastorales constituent l’une des techniques les plus utilisées au Niger pour restaurer les terres dégradées de plateaux. La présente expérimentation a été réalisée sur un plateau dégradé de Simiri dans l’Ouest nigérien où des banquettes sylvopastorales ont été installées. L’objectif est d’évaluer la survie et la croissance des plants de quatre essences locales de Combretaceae, Combretum glutinosum, Combretum micranthum, Combretum nigricans et Guiera senegalensis. Les méthodes utilisées ont consisté d’abord à délimiter un espace sur le plateau dégradé où 40 banquettes sont confectionnées et un autre espace sans banquette pour servir de témoin. Dans les banquettes, 200 plants de chaque espèce ont été plantés à raison de 20 plants/banquette. Deux mois après la plantation un suivi périodique de l’humidité du sol et des paramètres dendrométriques des plants a été effectué durant 30 mois. Les paramètres dendrométriques mesurés sont le taux de survie, la hauteur et le diamètre au collet du grand axe caulinaire, le nombre de rejets et de feuilles. Les résultats obtenus ont montré d’une part que les banquettes améliorent les conditions hydriques du sol de 18,19 % par rapport à la zone non traitée (sans banquette) et d’autre part que les meilleurs taux de survie et de croissance ont été observés au niveau des espèces Guiera senegalensis, Combretum. glutinosum et Combretum. micranthum. Ainsi, les espèces Guiera senegalensis, Combretum glutinosum et Combretum micranthum peuvent être utilisées dans le reboisement de sites aménagés avec des banquettes sylvopastorales pour restaurer les terres de plateaux au Niger
Coexistence D’un Lymphome Lymphocytique Et D’une Leucémie Myéloïde Chronique: A Propos De Deux Observations Au Togo
Authors: Essohana Padaro , Hèzouwè Magnang , Yao Layibo Yao , Irénée Kueviakoe , Koffi Mawussi , Ahoefa Vovor
Published: January 2022

This paper reported two cases of lymphocytic lymphoma associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Togo. The first association is a simultaneous coexistence of a CML with the presence of the transcript bcr-abl, in a 32-year-old woman, at chronic myelocytic stage with polyadenopathy required and lymph node biopsy concluded for lymphocytic lymphoma. The second is the case of a 30-year-old man who developed a lymphocytic lymphoma after 6years and 5 months of following CML. These two cases are comparable to other associations of acute or chronic myeloid and lymphoid blood malignancies that was previously published. Several pathogenic hypothesis were reviewed which takes responsibility for chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the diagnosis is sometimes simultaneous with the involvement of cellular oncogenes. This is a more likely clonal abnormality of the stem cell sequentially or concomitantly expressed in the cells on both lineages. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first descriptions in South-Saharan Africa.
Paleoenvironments and Hydrocarbon Potential of Upper Cretaceous Shales in Agbabu-1 Well, Dahomey Basin – Insight from Geochemistry and Foraminifera Paleontology
Authors: Adeleye Adekeye Olabisi , Olumide Ogundipe , James Adejimi Adeoye , Adedoyin Adeyilola , Olukayode Samuel , Samuel Olusegun Akande
Published: January 2022

Upper Cretaceous shales partially exposed in the northern fringes of the Dahomey Basin are well developed in the subsurface in Southwestern part of the basin where Agbau-1 well is sited. These shales were evaluated in respect to their paleoenvironments and potentials for hydrocarbon using foraminiferal assemblages, biomarkers and Rock Eval pyrolysis studies. The dominance of benthonic foraminifera species suggests a shallow marine environment and high percentage of calcareous to arenaceous benthic www.eujournal.org 195 foraminifera indicate high water salinity and hypersline environment. Dysoxic oxygen condition is also prevalent probably because most of the benthic foraminifera recovered are epifauna that live in a reduced oxygen condition. 1.90 wt%, 244 mgHC/gTOC and 429℃ average values of total organic carbon, hydrogen index and Tmax reveal that the Upper Cretaceous shales have relatively fair to good organic matter, predominantly Type II-III kerogen and currently immature. Though three is a trend of an increase in maturity down the hole. All the steranes have uniform distributions (C27>C28>C29), suggesting a relatively higher input from the marine red algae and a low level of land plant contribution to the source organic matter. Pristane/phytane ratios and C29/C27 steranes confirmed the organic matter type to be a Type II/III and anoxic source rock depositional condition as well as a reducing diagenetic system in the sediment water column. The Upper Cretaceous shales in Dahomey Basin can be targeted for exploration as an unconventional petroleum resource.
Estimation Of The Value Of Goods And Services Produced By Protected Areas: Case Of The Ndock Sare Community Forest In Senegal
Authors: Ndiaye Mamadou , Ndiaye Saboury , Modou Sarr Sérigne , Diouf Malick
Published: January 2022

The community forests of Senegal, and particularly those of the Groundnut Basin, play an important role in the lives of rural populations. They are significant sources of supply of various products and services. But despite their economic and ecological importance, community forests have never been the subject of an economic evaluation. This is likely to obscure the decision-making auspices of sustainable management of community forests. This study, based on vegetation surveys and socio-economic surveys, assessed the value of ecosystem goods and services. The results of the analysis showed that the forest has 21 species distributed among 08 families and that this diversity varies from one area to another. With this specific diversity, the basal area is evaluated at 2.64 m2/ha and the cover of 6081.17 m²/ha for a density of 327 individuals per hectare. The forest has a carbon storage capacity evaluated at 15.32 tons. The goods and services of the forest were estimated at 3,391,757 F CFA/year. This value is divided between direct uses estimated at 1,236,575 F CFA/year, indirect uses of 168,495 F CFA/year and an existence value of 1,986,687 F CFA/year. The study also showed that the exploitation of the forest is the most viable management option, as strict conservation imposes a social cost of 370,058 CFA francs per year on the population. In the context of decentralization, these results can serve as a basis for policy dialogue and decision-making processes on the sustainable management of forest resources