bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara Dalam Diskusi Dengan Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VI SD Negeri 2 Suralaga 2019/2020
Authors: Halimatuzzuhrotulani Baiq
Published: August 2020

Berdasarkan deskripsi hasil penelitian tindakan kelas yang meliputi sejumlah data yang telah dianalisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam siklus I dan II penggunaan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa dalam diskusi dan motivasi belajar siswa baik secara kelompok maupun individu siswa Kelas 6 SD Negeri 2 Suralaga tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
Pembelajaran dengan mengunakan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih baik dari pada metode yang lainnya sehingga dapat menigkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa dalam diskusi yang merupakan suatu metode dimulai dengan mencari data sampai dengan menarik simpulan yang banyak menimbulkan kegiatan belajar siswa lebih optimal baik secara individu maupun secara kelompok di dalam memecahkan suatu masalah.
 Pada aktivitas siswa mengalami peningkatan mulai dari, memperhatikan penjelasan guru, berdiskusi antara siswa mengenai tugas materi, menyajikan hasil diskusi, memberikan kesempatan orang lain berbicara, pendalaman siswa terhadap materi wawancara, tanya jawab antara guru dengan siswa, siswa dengan siswa dan meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa. Metode ini sangat tepat digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa.
Sedangkan hasil belajar siswa dari setiap siklus mengalami peningkatan, dan dapat dilihat dari sekor siklus ke-I  sampai sklus ke-II. Setelah melakukan tindakan pada siklus II, hasil evaluasi ketuntasan belajar yang dicapai adalah 88,24% mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sebesar 11,77 %, ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II telah memenuhi target dalam KKM, sedang rata-rata dan analisis data aktivitas siswa diperoleh rata-rata 16,44  mengalami peningkatan skor rata-rata dari siklus I sebesar 4,37.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kekurangan dan kelamahan siswa pada umumnya hampir sama. Namun pembelajaran dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat membantu siswa dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara dan menambah kemampuan mereka dalam bertanya dan berpendapat.  Dengan demikian, aktivitas siswa ini dapat dikatakan, bahwa proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatan kualitas berbicara siswa.
Peran Guru Dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika di MI Ummul Qura
Authors: Mardiah Mardiah , Rifa'i Ahmad
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi adanya siswa yang mengalami kesulitan pada pelajaran matematika dan nilai yang tidak mencapai standar KKM. Penelitian ini mengemukakan tentang peran guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika kelas 5 di MI Ummul Qura. Penelitian ini meneliti “Bagaimana peran guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika kelas 5 di MI Ummul Qura dan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kesulitan siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika kelas 5 di MI Ummul Qura.”
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengamatan atau observasi, wawancara atau interview, dan dokumentasi. Proses analisis data yakni dengan menelaah seluruh data dari hasil observasi, hasil wawancara, dan dokumenter yang berhubungan dengan pembelajaran matematika, pengecekan keabsahan temuan dilakukan dengan cara keikutsertaan peneliti.
Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika di MI Ummul Qura adalah sudah sesuai dengan teori-teori yang telah dipaparkan. Guru menjalankan dengan baik perannya sebagai demonstrator, pengelola kelas, motivator, mediator, fasilitator, dan evaluator. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika di MI Ummul Qura terdiri dari faktor internal yang meliputi, minat, kecerdasan atau intelegensi siswa, kemauan belajar, dan kondisi tubuh. Adapun faktor eksternal meliputi, Lingkungan dan teman sebaya, media massa atau teknologi, suasana pengajaran, dan lingkungan keluarga
Options for local therapy of chronic tonsillopharyngitis to achieve a long-term remission
Authors: Bezshapochny Sergey B. , Loburets Valery V. , Loburets Andrey V. , Dzhirov O.R. , Podovzhny Olexander G.
Published: August 2020

Topicality: Chronic tonsillopharyngitis is one of the most common diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
Although more and more physicians are preferring modern non-surgical treatments and abandoning the use of surgery to treat chronic compensated tonsillopharyngitis, there is still no consensus on approaches to conservative therapy.
One of the modern methods of controlling the microflora of the oral cavity is the use of lantibiotics. This creates competitive pressure of endogenous opportunistic flora and viruses, preventing episodes of disease recurrence.
The relevance of our study is due to the need to optimize and improve pharmacotherapy, not only during the exacerbation of the disease, but also to form a stable remission, which will significantly improve the quality of life of patients.
Materials and methods: A total of 36 patients were observed in the study, who were divided into two groups with different treatments. Group 1 received classical therapy, including local sanitation of the tonsils by was hing the gaps with NaCl solution 0.9% daily from the first visit until the 7th day and taking topical combination drugs (antiseptic, local nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug – benzydamine) for 1 tab. 3 times a day for 7 days. Group 2, if necessary, received washing the lacunae of the tonsils with a solution of 0.9% NaCl, and took an oral probiotic Baсtoblis (S. salivarius K12) 1 tab. at night for 1 month according to the instructions.
The McIsaac scale and microbiological examination of pharyngeal smears were used to establish the clinical diagnosis.
Results: On the seventh day of treatment, there is a rapid improvement in the well being of patients in both groups. In the first group there is a more effective elimination of pain symptoms and in the second group of bad breath. However, at the time of the 16th week from the start of treatment, in the first group due to more frequent recurrences of the disease, there is a significant deterioration in all indicators.
The results of the microbiological study revealed a significant reduction in the colonization of the oropharyngeal cavity by pathogenic strains of staphylococci and Escherichia coli in group 2 at 16 weeks after treatment.
Conclusion: Based of the study, it can be concluded tht bacterial therapy has shown significant effectiveness in achieving long-term remission in contrast to the other study group, which was effective only during the acute period of the disease.
Oral speech in the professor Oleksandra Serbenska’s scientific concept
Authors: Datsyshyn Khrystyna
Published: August 2020

The article analyzes the concept of oral speech, set out in the works of Ukrainian linguist Oleksandra Serbenska. Emphasizing the primacy of oral speech, professor O. Serbenska analyzes the live word in the context of socio-ecology, language culture, communication and linguophilosophy. She explores the sources of melodiousness of the Ukrainian language, studies the phenomenon of voice. Serbenska emphasizes an importance of preserving and nurturing authentic Ukrainian oral speech as a spirit of the people, its history and culture.

The scholar tries to find origins of various phenomena of spiritual life of the people and an individual in the oral speech. Serbenska’s works attract attention by their motifs to outline sound speech as a phenomenon, to immerse themselves in music that conveys us tone and rhythm of the spoken word from ancient generations.

The connection between oral speech and music, between oral and print text reveals the deep essence of orality. It serves as a special way of reproducing and creating a world where tones and rhythms sound in unison with sounds and rhythms of nature and man. Orality in the Ukrainian language is immersed in the song. The melody of the Ukrainian spoken word enables to speak of melodiousness as one of its key characteristics. An instrument of oral speech is a voice. It has a mystical essence in an interpretation of many cultures; its strength is filled with deep spirituality, its tones and intonations open wide opportunities for communication in various fields, including a professional practice of journalists. O. Serbenska’s ideas give an impetus for further scientific research in this field.

Keywords: Ukrainian language, oral speech, orality, melody, sound, voice, journalism.
Archival phonograms on the musical radio as a type of service auditory documents
Authors: Mazur Olexandr
Published: August 2020

In modern high-technology conditions entire process of creating, circulation and distribution of the auditory information, accumulated in phonograms, inherits integration properties that stipulate internal unity of the structure and dynamics of the phonodocumental communication. The research, performed within the framework of Document studies, Archive studies and Musical Art, dedicated to the development of the sound recording classification problem in communication area from the position of archival phonograms selection on the musical radio as a special type of service auditory documents with specific features — types of sound carriers, specifics of the fixed sound content and specifics of the service functions. The publication develops the applying of the informational approach archival radio phonodocuments that currently stay on the periphery of the research interest even comparing to other types of the tecehnotronic documents — pictorial, audiovisual, electronic information sources, different types of the technical documentation.Phonodocumental communication has features of the complicated open area. According to the author’s idea disconnected elements from the radio sector, that were organically collected together and integrated to the balanced phonodocumental communication system. The essence and the purpose of such types of the phonoduments are clarified, also the main regularities of the formation and principles of the classification were formulated. Moreover, based on the fact that radioarchives and some other cultural institutions perform functional of the music information complex repository, this article tells about music sources preservation technologies not only in the radio copmanies archives but in libraries, museums, etc. The expansion of the research field at the expense of the advanced systematization of advantages and disadvantages of the archival radiophonogram consumer format revision was begun. The research approach that was the basis for publication helps to overcome some differences including modern science and educational literature.

Keywords: Archive, Audiodocuments, Music, Radio, Service,Phonogram.
Journalistic work of Oleksandr Kovalevskyi in 1910—1939
Authors: Snitsarchuk Lidiya
Published: August 2020

The paper studies the main aspects of creative work of Oleksandr Kovalevskyi (1890-1940?), a journalist, public and political figure, cooperative movement’s activist. Archival documents, particularly correspondence with Volodymyr Koroliv-Staryi, M.Yeremijiv, V. Pisniachevskyi, A.Nikovskyi revealed numerous facts about his cooperation with periodicals. The author of the article estimates his judgements on journalism, its role and tasks as well as the features of regional press as notably actual. The author analyses the way Kovalevskyi treated periodicals’ content, way of providing discussions in press, and how to illuminate the key issues of the day. The autobiographical component is being prized as the main feature of Kovalevskyi’ publications. His writings on social and political topics were enriched with bygone parallels illustrating his political views’ transformation, his established feelings on certain life conflicts. The past was strongly incorporated into his memory.

The author found out that journalistic heritage of Oleksandr Kovalevsky had never been accumulated and analyzed, especially his journalistic skills and features of texts architectonics etc. A complex study of journalist’s activity, especially his talent after observing problems that persecuted the Ukrainians to single out the main one and explainit in details, would help future journalists in forming their professional skills and restoring historical events. Besides, it would assist deep understanding of current social and political processes and upheavals.

Keywords: Oleksandr Kovalevskyi, journalism, editor, publicist, Ukrainian press.
Enhancement of the Thermal Performance Characteristics of an Electrical Power Transformer
Authors: Nawras Mohammed Azbar  , Hayder Mohammad Jaffal  , Basim Freegah
Published: August 2020

A 3D numerical simulation was conducted to test the effects of the geometrical and operational parameters on the cooling performance of a three-phase electrical distribution transformer (250 kVA oil natural air natural (ONAN)). The geometric parameters include the shape of the transformer (rectangular, circular, and hexagonal), fins shape (rectangular, semicircular, and trapezoidal) as well it arrangement (asymmetric fin heights and perforated fins). Both of oil temperature and thermal load have been used as boundary conditions. In order to verify the reliability of the numerical model, comparison between numerical results and experimental finding has been done. The results have indicated that the circular and hexagonal shapes reduced the average oil temperature by 3.4% and 4.7%, respectively, compared to the traditional transformer shape (rectangular). Furthermore, the lowest average oil temperature was observed for the trapezoidal fin, followed by the rectangular and semicircular fins. Additionally, it has been noticed that the asymmetric fin heights of the trapezoidal and perforated trapezoidal fins been contributed to the improvement of the cooling performance of the transformer. Furthermore, the best thermal performance was obtained with the trapezoidal perforated fin to compared other arrangement of fins. Finally, the highest reduction in oil has been obtained by the use of hexagonal transformer with a perforated trapezoidal fin approximately by 12% compared to traditional rectangular transformer. Hence, it can be concluded that the shape of the transformer and fins play an important role in thermal performance of such systems.
Analisis Pentransmisian Fiber Optik Saluran Udara Pada Panjang Gelombang 1310 nm Dari Optical Distribution Point (ODP) – Optical Network Termination (ONT)
Authors: Muharor Ahmad , Asmara Bambang Panji , Bonok Zainudin
Published: August 2020

Fiber  optik adalah saluran transmisi yang terbuat dari kaca atau plastik yang digunakan untuk mentransmisikan sinyal cahaya dari suatu tempat ke tempat lain. Struktur dan komponen kabel fiber optik yaitu Inti (core/optical fibers), bagian utama yang terbuat dari serat kaca, berada dibagian pusat kabel.Dalam penelitian ini, pengukuran dilakukan pada fiber optik saluran udara pada panjang gelombang 1310 nm dengan jarak 100 meter hingga 350 meter. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengukur daya kirim pada ODP (Optical Distribution Point), daya terima pada ONT (Optical Network Termination) yang ada di pelanggan, serta total loss yang terjadi di sepanjang kabel.Dari hasil pengukuran yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan jarak 100 meter sampai 350 meter diperoleh nilai daya terima yang berkisaran antara -18.729 dB sampai dengan -24.796 dB dan nilai total loss yang berada pada kisaran 0.634 dB sampai dengan 0.751 dB.
Rancang Bangun Running Text pada Dot Matrix 16X160 Berbasis Arduino Uno Dengan Update Data System Menggunakan Perangkat Android Via Bluetooth
Authors: A. Antu Abd Wahid , Abdussamad Syahrir , Z. Nasibu Iskandar
Published: August 2020

Abstrak— Umumnya running text digunakan untuk menampilkan informasi yang biasanya digunakan pada minimarket, hotel, gedung pernikahan dan lampu lalu lintas, biasa pengontrolannya tersebut  menggunakan komunikasi Infrared, WIFI, SMS (Short Message Service). Akan tetapi penggunaanya masih kurang efisien dibandingkan dengan bluetooth yang mempunyai fitur-fitur keamanan enkripsi data, autentikasi user , fast frekuensi-hopping (1600 hops/sec), output power control yang menyediakan fungsi-fungsi keamanan dari tingkat layer fisik/ radio yaitu gangguan dari penyadapan sampai dengan tingkat keamanan layer yang lebih tinggi seperti password dan PIN dan konsumsi daya tidak terlalu tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu, merancang aplikasi android update data running text pada panel LED Matrix p10 melalui perangkat smartphone dengan aplikasi via bluetooth dan perancangan alat display running text Panel LED p10 dengan metode experimen. Adapun tahapan pembuatan alat menggunakan bluetooth HC-05, sensor suhu (DHT11) untuk ditampilkan pada papan informasi display, RTC (real time clock) 3231 sebagai pembaca waktu untuk menampilkan jam, hari , tanggal, dan panel LED p10 16x60 untuk menampilkan running text. Kemudian untuk pembuatan aplikasi android menggunakan perangkat lunak App Inventor, dimana aplikasi pengontrolan running text diberi nama running text controller (RTC).Rancang bangun alat dan aplikasi dalam penelitian ini membuahkan hasil aplikasi android dengan pengontrolan bluetooth, dinilai dapat meningkatkan kecepatan dan efisiensi saat penggantian text pada papan display LED matrix 16x160.  Rata-rata kecepatan penggantian text bisa dicapai 1,0 detik secara real time dengan jarak  15 meter, dan mampu menampung maksimal 255 karakter. berdasarkan hasil penelitian sistim yang dibangun dapat berfungsi dengan baik.Kata kunci: Arduino Uno, Bluetooth, LED matrix 16x160, Running text, aplikasi android, papan informasi.
SIG Lokasi UMKM Berbasis Android
Authors: Pakaya Moh Rizal , Musa Olha , Karim Jorry , Abdussamad Syahrir
Published: August 2020

Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah Kabupaten Gorontalo sebagai unit pelaksana tugas daerah yang memiliki tugas untuk melakukan pembinaan dan pengembangan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Dalam melaksanakan tugas tersebut melakukan berbagai kegiatan salah satunya adalah melakukan pendataan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah serta mensosialisasikan ke masyarakat. Dalam artikel ini, permasalahan yang timbul adalah belum tersedianya sistem informasi yang memadai kepada masyarakat tentang usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah sehingga masyarakat mengalami kesulitan mengetahui lokasi dari usaha kecil dan menengah. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah merancang sistem informasi geografis untuk menentukan lokasi usaha mikro,  kecil dan menengah berbasis android yang dapat diakses oleh masyarakat sehingga dapat memudahkan masyarakat mengetahui lokasi dari usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah yang ada di Kabupaten Gorontalo dan dapat diakses oleh masyarakat yang membutuhkan layanan informsi secara global. Artikel ini menggunakan metode Research and Development atau yang  dikenal dengan metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan test case membuktikan bahwa pengembangan sistem  informasi geografis untuk menentukan lokasi usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah berbasis android ini lebih efektif dan efisien dengan pengujian yaitu V (G)=  14 – 12 + 2 =  4; V (G) =  3 + 1 =  4; dan Cyclomatic Complexity (CC) = R1, R2, R3, R4 = 4.                   Kata Kunci: SIG, UMKM, Android                          The Office of Cooperatives and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Gorontalo as a regional task implementing unit that has the task of developing and developing micro, small and medium businesses in Gorontalo Regency. In carrying out this task, a number of activities are carried out, one of which is collecting data on micro, small and medium enterprises and to socialize to the community. In this article, the challenge that arises is the unavailability of an adequate information system for the community about micro, small and medium enterprises so that people have difficulty understanding the location of small and medium businesses. The purpose of this article is to discuss geographic information systems to determine the location of android-based micro, small and medium businesses that can be accessed by the community so that it can make it easier for the public to find out the location of micro, small and medium businesses in Gorontalo District and can be accessed by people who need it global information services. This article uses the Research and Development method or what is known as the research and development method. The test results using test cases prove the development of information systems to determine the location of micro, small and medium businesses based on Android is more effective and efficient with testing namely V (G) = 14-12 + 2 = 4; V (G) = 3 + 1 = 4; and cyclomatic complexity (CC) = R1, R2, R3, R4 = 4.     Keywords: GIS, UMKM, Android
The Formulation Model of Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax (PBB-P2) For Increasing the Local Original Revenue in Ngawi District
Authors: Yoganendi Changgih Swantaka , Riewanto Agus , Firdaus Sunny Ummul
Published: August 2020

Every State which declares itself to be an independent State must have a goal to be achieved. As one of the independent countries, Indonesia has the objectives listed in the fourth paragraph of the opening of the basic constitution namely the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (hereinafter abbreviated to the 1945 Constitution), among others, to protect all the people of Indonesia and all of Indonesia's blood and to promote public welfare , educating the life of the nation, and participating in carrying out world order based on freedom, eternal peace and social justice.
Development of Mathematical Models to Optimize Weld Penetration Area of Mild Steel in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
Authors: B Ofoeyeno. , J.I Achebo . , A Ozigagun
Published: August 2020

Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) weld quality and mechanical properties are systematically structured by the bead width, reinforcement and penetration size. This study has developed a mathematical model using the second order quadratic polynomial model to select the best setting for the process parameters to produce the maximum penetration area in TIG welding.The set of experiment samples was produced from mild steel plates guided by a central composite design experimental plan. The results obtained revealed that the second order quadratic polynomial equation is the best fit model that can accurately explain the relationship between the input and the output parameters. The results possessed good statistical sufficiency, having a very good strength for predicting the target response. The prediction strength and models reliability factor are in reasonable agreement with each other, the surface plots showed the combined interaction of input parameters on the response, and the ANOVA results revealed that the penetration area is very sensitive to the current parameter. The mathematical models developed have a high goodness of fit, adequate signal,strength which can explain and predict the penetration area
On Semi-Uniformity, Quasi-Uniformity, Local Uniformity and Uniformity
Authors: Singh Dr. Ranjan Kumar
Published: August 2020

In this paper we shall study the notions of semi-uniformity, quasi-uniformity, local uniformity and uniformity and we can establish some relations among them. Here it can be shown that a uniform space has always a base of symmetric vicinities.
Prevalence of Substance Use Disorders and Effectiveness of Educational Package on Knowledge Regarding the Disorders among Adolescents in Selected Schools of Lekhnath, Nepal
Authors: Gurung Deepa , Thapa Bindu , Paudel Amrita
Published: August 2020

Substance use disorders refers to the abuse of alcohol, illicit drugs, or substances such as over-thecounter medicines, medicines from unsupervised ordinary retail purchase, or even through prescription. It causes significant health problems and functional impairments such as disability and failure to meet responsibilities at work, school, or home. Common substance use disorders are use of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis (marijuana), stimulants, hallucinogens, sedatives, hypnotics, opioids, etc. Objective: To assess prevalence of substance use disorders and effectiveness of educational package on spreading knowledge about substance use disorders among adolescents in selected schools in Lekhnath, Nepal. Methodology: Pre experimental one group pretest and posttest design was used for the study. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was adopted for sampling. For the study, total of 155 adolescents studying in classes 9 and 10 were selected from schools in Lekhnath, Nepal. Self administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data obtained were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using statistical tool SPSS 16.0.  Result: Among 155 adolescents, 97.40% had heard of substance use disorders. 62.24% of people received the information about substance use disorders via mass media. Family members of 16.8% of samples were engaged in some kind of substance use disorders. 1.90% of sample students drank alcohol, who all happened to be male of age 15-16 years age group. In pretest, more than half (69.70%) of the adolescents had inadequate knowledge about substance use disorders. On the other hand, in the posttest, more than one third of adolescents (37.4%) had adequate knowledge and less than twothird adolescents (58.1%) had moderate knowledge on substance use disorders. The paired ‘t’ test was found to be significant on knowledge level (t=23.76 at 1% level).Only caste/ethnicity of demographical variable was found to be associated with pretest knowledge regarding substance use disorders (F= 3.495 at 5% level, p=0.033). Conclusion: The study concluded that adolescents are in great risk for substance use disorders. After educating on substance use disorders, adolescents gained adequate knowledge regarding the disorder. Study supports that educational package was effective in improving the level of knowledge regarding substance use disorders among adolescents
Octubre en Chile. Acontecimiento y comprensión política: hacia un republicanismo
Authors: Hoevel Carlos
Published: August 2020

Reseña del libro de Hugo Herrera "Octubre en Chile. Acontecimiento y comprensión política: hacia un republicanismo" editado por Editorial Kankatura, 2019.
The Slow Heartbeats of an Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in NGC 3621
Authors: Motta S. E. , Marelli M. , Pintore F. , Esposito P. , Salvaterra R. , De Luca A. , Israel G. L. , Tiengo A. , Castillo G. A. Rodríguez
Published: August 2020

We report on the results of X-ray observations of 4XMM J111816.0–324910, a transient ultraluminous X-ray source located in the galaxy NGC 3621. This system is characterized by a transient nature and marked variability with a characteristic timescale of ≈3500 s, in contract with other ultraluminous X-ray sources, which in the vast majority show limited intra-observation variability. Such a behavior is very reminiscent of the so-called heartbeats sometimes observed in the Galactic black hole binary GRS 1915+105, where the variability timescale is ∼10–1000 s. We study the spectral and timing properties of this object and find that overall, once the differences in the variability timescales are taken into account, they match quite closely those of both GRS 1915+105 and of a number of objects showing heartbeats in their light curves, including a confirmed neutron star and a supermassive black hole powering an active galactic nucleus. We investigate the nature of the compact object in 4XMM J111816.0–324910 by searching for typical neutron star signatures and by attempting a mass estimate based on different methods and assumptions. Based on the current available data, we are not able to unambiguously determine the nature of the accreting compact object responsible for the observed phenomenology.
The Energetics of Launching the Most Powerful Jets in Quasars: A Study of 3C 82
Authors: Punsly Brian , Hill Gary J. , Marziani Paola , Kharb Preeti , Berton Marco , Crepaldi Luca , Indahl Briana L. , Zeimann Greg
Published: August 2020

3C 82 at a redshift of 2.87 is the most distant 3C (Third Cambridge Catalogue) quasar. Thus, it is a strong candidate to have the most-luminous radio lobes in the universe. 3C 82 belongs to the class of compact steep-spectrum radio sources. We use single-dish and interferometric radio observations in order to model the plasma state of these powerful radio lobes. It is estimated that the long-term time-averaged jet power required to fill these lobes with leptonic plasma is

, among the largest time-averaged jet powers from a quasar. Positing protonic lobes is not tenable as they would require two orders of magnitude more mass transport to the lobes than was accreted to the central black hole during their formation. The first high signal-to-noise optical spectroscopic observation obtained of this object indicates that there is a powerful high-ionization broad-line wind with a kinetic power of ∼1045 erg s−1 and a velocity of ∼0.01c. We also estimate from the broad lines in 2018 and the UV continuum in three epochs spread out over three decades that the accretion flow bolometric luminosity is L
bol ≈ 3.2–5.8 × 1046 erg s−1. The ratio of

is perhaps the largest of any known quasar. Extremely powerful jets tend to strongly suppress powerful winds of ionized baryonic matter. Consequently, 3C 82 provides a unique laboratory for studying the dynamical limits of the central engine of outflow initiation in quasars.
First Detection of the GI-type of Intrinsic Alignments of Galaxies Using the Self-calibration Method in a Photometric Galaxy Survey
Authors: Pedersen Eske M. , Yao Ji , Ishak Mustapha , Zhang Pengjie
Published: August 2020

Weak gravitational lensing is one of the most promising cosmological probes to constrain dark matter, dark energy, and the nature of gravity at cosmic scales. Intrinsic alignments (IAs) of galaxies have been recognized as one of the most serious systematic effects facing gravitational lensing. Such alignments must be isolated and removed to obtain a pure lensing signal. Furthermore, the alignments are related to the processes of galaxy formation, so their extracted signal can help in understanding such formation processes and improving their theoretical modeling. We report in this Letter the first detection of the gravitational shear–intrinsic shape (GI) correlation and the intrinsic shape–galaxy density (Ig) correlation using the self-calibration method in a photometric redshift survey. These direct measurements are made from the KiDS-450 photometric galaxy survey with a significance of 3.65σ in the third bin for the Ig correlation, and 3.51σ for the GI cross-correlation between the third and fourth bins. The self-calibration method uses the information available from photometric surveys without needing to specify an IA model and will play an important role in validating IA models and IA mitigation in future surveys such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, Euclid, and WFIRST.
An Interstellar Synthesis of Glycerol Phosphates
Authors: Zhu Cheng , Turner Andrew M. , Abplanalp Matthew J. , Kaiser Ralf I. , Webb Bill , Siuzdak Gary , Fortenberry Ryan C.
Published: August 2020

Glycerol phosphates define key molecules pertaining to the Origin of Life question and represent the essential stereo-dictating unit of phospholipids that may self-assemble in aqueous media into prebiotic cell membranes. However, the prebiotic formation pathways to glycerol phosphate have remained elusive to date. In this Letter, we expose a facile pathway toward the abiotic synthesis of glycerol phosphate isomers in phosphine (PH3) doped interstellar analog ices of methanol (CH3OH), carbon dioxide (CO2), or water (H2O) upon exposure to energetic electrons as a proxy of secondary electrons generated by the penetration of Galactic cosmic rays into interstellar ices at 10 K. The synthetic routes proposed here overcome obstacles of terrestrial-based scenarios that are inhibited by the low solubility of phosphates in water and the unfavorable nature of phosphorylation reactions in aqueous solution, thus revealing a potential pathway to prebiotic glycerol phosphates.
On the Relation between Diffuse Bands and Other Interstellar Features*
Authors: Krełowski J. , Galazutdinov G. A. , Siebenmorgen R.
Published: August 2020

We discuss possible relations between different constituents of interstellar clouds, such as gas atoms (Fe i), simple molecular species (CH, CN), and the carriers of the puzzling diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs 5780, 5797, 5850 Å) as well as dust grains. We exemplify that abundances of carriers of these spectral features, revealed by the Doppler components, may be astonishingly poorly related to each other. Spectra of interstellar clouds seem to be sensitive to the changes of the environmental parameters such as density, temperature, and irradiation from nearby stars. The diffuse bands’ carriers likely do not occupy the same volumes with CH, CN, or Fe i and/or are much less sensitive to the processes related to the formation/destruction of these species.
Pancreoprotective Effect of Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus, Fabaceae) Fiber against High-Sugar Diet in Mice
Authors: Santoso Putra , Maliza Rita , Rahayu Resti , Amelia Astri
Published: August 2020

AIM: Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus, Fabaceae) has been promoted as a potent tuberous plant exerting both preventive and therapeutic effects against many diseases. In this present study, we aimed to investigate the pancreoprotective effect of isolated jicama fiber (JF) against glucotoxicity caused by high-sugar diet (HSD).
METHODS: We performed an animal experimental research using adult male BALB/c mice with a completely randomized design consisted of four treatments and six replications. The treatments were diet types such as normal diet and HSD, supplemented with 10% and 25% of JF, respectively. The treatments were deployed for 8 weeks. Furthermore, random and fasting blood glucose levels were measured; histopathological alterations of pancreas including pancreatic adiposity, size of islet area, total cell number per islet, and necrosis level of pancreatic acinar cells were examined. Quantitative data were analyzed using an ANOVA followed by Duncan’s new multiple range test (p < 0.05).
RESULTS: Our results demonstrate that supplementation of JF 10% and 25% improved blood glucose profile and significantly reduced inter pancreatic adiposity caused by HSD. Moreover, JF at the dose of 25% effectively sustained normal size of the islet of Langerhans and total cell number of the islet in pancreas of HSD-fed mice. JF 25% was also effective to counteract necrosis of pancreatic acinar cells.
CONCLUSION: Our findings clarify a protective effect of JF, particularly at a dose of 25%, on pancreatic tissues against degeneration caused by HSD. Hence, JF is reliable to be a supplement counteracting the development of diabetes mellitus and associated diseases.
Kirkpatrick's Evaluation of Teaching and Learning Approaches of Workplace Violence Education Programs for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Johnston Sandra , Fox Amanda
Published: August 2020

Background:

Education in the tertiary setting that is specifically focused on prevention and responding to workplace violence during clinical practice may increase nursing students' ability to respond to violence in the workplace. Kirkpatrick's model of evaluation categorizes outcomes into four levels. Educational impact provides valuable feedback to educators that may assist with development and improvement of teaching methods.

Method:

This review is based on the PRISMA guidelines for conducting a systematic review. Inclusion criteria included articles that (a) were written in the English language, (b) were peer reviewed, (c) described an educational program relating to workplace violence in an undergraduate nursing program, and (d) were published between 2000 and 2019.

Results:

Six studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review.

Conclusion:

Simulation emerged as a learning and teaching strategy that may be effective in teaching about workplace violence. Future studies should aim to evaluate the effects of education on behavior change and transfer to practice.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(8):439–447.]
Teaching Health Assessment Symptomatology Using a Flipped Classroom Combined With Scenario Simulation
Authors: Wang Ximin , Dong Lu , Lyu Weibo , Geng Zhaohui
Published: August 2020

Background:

Symptom assessment is difficult to understand and be retained by second-year bachelor's nursing students. A flipped classroom combined with scenario simulation (FCSS) is a new potential teaching model. This study compares the teaching effect and knowledge retention between the FCSS approach and the traditional flipped classroom (FC) approach.

Method:

Second-year bachelor's nursing students were selected as research participants. One group (
n
= 59) adopted an FCSS approach, whereas the other group (
n
= 68) adopted an FC approach. We evaluated student mastery and retention of knowledge through two tests: one before the next class, the other after 2 months.

Results:

Regarding knowledge mastery, the FC group had a higher score than the FCSS group both in total score (66.29 ± 15.27 versus 59.42 ± 10.76) and group learning score (46.06 ± 13.25 versus 38.47 ± 8.22) in the first test (
p
< .05). The retention of knowledge in the FCSS group was better than that in the FC group (
p
< .001), represented by the variable of test score difference before and after 2 months.

Conclusion:

When teaching symptomatology, FCSS is helpful to enhance self-learning and improve student long-term memory.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(8):448–452.]
Using Video Technology to Educate Students, Patients, and Legislators
Authors: Bove Lisa Anne , Kleman Carolyn
Published: August 2020

Background:

Student engagement is enhanced with applied learning opportunities. This study describes the experience of nurse educator students using video technology for teaching and advocacy.

Method:

Convergent mixed-methods combining narrative reflections with usability scores were used to describe the values and challenges of the applied learning experience.

Results:

Preassignment, participants focused on the value and challenges of using video technology. Postassignment, participants concentrated on the value and challenges of practicing presentation skills. Overall value of the assignment themes included enhancing student experience, streamlining content using video, and critical reviews of presentations. Overall challenges of the assignment themes included using technology, presenting, and course instruction. Usability scores averaged 2.21, demonstrating a high level of usability.

Conclusion:

This applied learning opportunity was valuable to nurse educator student participants. Challenges with technology and creating the presentations provided the participants with opportunities for growth. Measuring reflections provided useful information for future iterations of applied learning experiences.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(8):457–460.]
Income Diversification and Financial Performance of Selected Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Uniamikogbo Emmanuel , Okoye Emma I. , Amos Arowoshegbe O.
Published: August 2020

This study examined the effect of income diversification on financial performance of deposit money banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. Variables considered were commission, foreign exchange incomes, and firm age, which are proxies for income diversification and financial performance proxied by Tobin's Q ratio. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the 8 banks classified by Central Bank of Nigeria to be Domestic Systematically Important Banks in Nigeria. Data collected from the annual reports and the Nigerian Stock Exchange website for a period 2008-2018 were used. Statistical tools used were the descriptive statistics and econometric analysis using the panel data. Findings showed that while commission income has a significant positive effect on Tobin's Q ratio of DMBs, foreign exchange income and firm age each have a significant negative effect on Tobin's Q ratio of DMBs in Nigeria. It is recommended that banks in Nigeria minimize their income from foreign exchange to maximize performance since income from these transactions tend to inhibit bank financial performance.
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Research
Authors: Velt Hannes , Torkkeli Lasse , Laine Igor
Published: August 2020

The entrepreneurial ecosystem stream of research is relatively new, yet it has started to attract the attention of scholars across a range of disciplines including international business and international entrepreneurship. Review studies are needed to consolidate the research and to illustrate the status quo and present visions for research going forward. This study aims to do so by applying bibliometric process technique. The present study summarizes the key countries and institutions, source journals, scholars and publications, and key themes encompassing the domain of entrepreneurial ecosystem research up to 2019. The findings illustrate an exponential growth of research covering a wide array of disciplines and top journals, observe several influential scholars and their collaboration networks, and find that the studies remain distinctly practitioner focused. In addition, six themes within the research domain are identified. The multilevel analysis gives a comprehensive overview of the entrepreneurial ecosystem domain.
TCR Signal Strength and Antigen Affinity Regulate CD8+ Memory T Cells
Authors: Solouki Sabrina , Huang Weishan , Elmore Jessica , Limper Candice , Huang Fei , August Avery
Published: August 2020

CD8+ T cells play a critical role in adaptive immunity, differentiating into CD8+ memory T cells that form the basis of protective cellular immunity. Vaccine efficacy is attributed to long-term protective immunity, and understanding the parameters that regulate development of CD8+ T cells is critical to the design of T cell–mediated vaccines. We show in this study using mouse models that two distinct parameters, TCR signal strength (regulated by the tyrosine kinase ITK) and Ag affinity, play important but separate roles in modulating the development of memory CD8+ T cells. Unexpectedly, our data reveal that reducing TCR signal strength along with reducing Ag affinity for the TCR leads to enhanced and accelerated development of CD8+ memory T cells. Additionally, TCR signal strength is able to regulate CD8+ T cell effector cytokine R production independent of TCR Ag affinity. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data reveals that genes for inflammatory cytokines/cytokine receptors are significantly altered upon changes in Ag affinity and TCR signal strength. Furthermore, our findings show that the inflammatory milieu is critical in regulating this TCR signal strength–mediated increase in memory development, as both CpG oligonucleotide treatment or cotransfer of wild-type and Itk−/− T cells eliminates the observed increase in memory cell formation. These findings suggest that TCR signal strength and Ag affinity independently contribute to CD8+ memory T cell development, which is modulated by inflammation, and suggest that manipulating TCR signal strength along with Ag affinity, may be used to tune the development of CD8+ memory T cells during vaccine development.
Martín Lutero y prefacio del Corán de Bibliander (1543)
Authors: Melo Diego
Published: August 2020

El Corán fue un texto cuya traducción en Occidente recién se desarrolló hacia el siglo XI. Bajo los auspicios de Pedro el Venerable, este lo encargó a Robert de Ketton. Es a partir de este hito que se genera una intensa polémica antimusulmana que tendrá sus picos más importantes entre los siglos XII y XIII. Hacia el siglo XVI, el reformador Martín Lutero tomará como base estas traducciones para desarrollar una cuya finalidad es el combate del enemigo turco a partir de sus propias bases dogmáticas. En el fondo, el combate al infiel no debía ser solo un esfuerzo físico, sino también espiritual.
Las iglesias ortodoxas entre lo global, lo nacional y lo transnacional: apuntes sobre el caso español
Authors: Díez de Velasco Francisco , Salguero Montaño Óscar
Published: August 2020

El caso de las iglesias ortodoxas y orientales en España resulta paradigmático para comprender la incidencia de los movimientos migratorios y las diásporas transnacionales sobre las particularidades nacionales de los distintos patriarcados presentes, que en la esfera pública se interrelacionan en mayor o menor grado en un contexto marcado por el pluralismo religioso, la aconfesionalidad del Estado y la libertad religiosa consagrada como derecho fundamental. El objetivo general del artículo es, a partir del convulso panorama internacional generado por conflictos como el ruso-ucraniano, analizar la interacción actual de estas iglesias y sus principales dinámicas al hilo de los flujos migratorios transnacionales, tales como el aumento de los números de fieles y de templos y los cambios en las estructuras eclesiásticas de representación e interlocución pública. Para ello, el abordaje metodológico del trabajo atenderá a distintos casos representados por iglesias nacionales, como la rumana y la rusa; “autóctonas”, casos de la Iglesia Ortodoxa Española y de la Iglesia Ortodoxa Hispánica; y pan-ortodoxas, como la griega; además de un conjunto de iglesias “recién llegadas” que, por el momento, cuentan con un menor volumen y grado de implantación.
INCIDENCIA RELIGIOSA EN CLAVE MULTILATERAL: LA PRESENCIA DE REDES POLÍTICAS EVANGÉLICAS EN LAS ASAMBLEAS DE LA OEA
Authors: Panotto Nicolas
Published: August 2020

Este artículo propone un análisis sobre los nuevos mecanismos de incidencia del campo evangélico latinoamericano desde un encuadre regional, a partir de un estudio de la emergente presencia de redes políticas y organizaciones evangélicas desde dinámicas transfronterizas dentro del sistema interamericano. Puntualmente, se observa la participación de coaliciones evangélicas en el ámbito del Diálogo con la Sociedad Civil, en el marco de las asambleas anuales y cumbres trianuales de la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA), a través de un análisis discursivo de las intervenciones de dichas coaliciones sobre el tipo de retórica utilizada y las cosmovisiones político-teológicas de fondo.
MEANINGFUL STRATEGIES: TRANSCENDENCE IN CONDITIONS OF CONFLICT
Authors: Schäfer Heinrich Wilhelm
Published: August 2020

This article focuses on the concept of transcendence from a praxeological point of view. In consequence, in order to clarify the concept the author refers not only to theoretical debates but also to tangible empirical conditions. In the first part, based on the observation that religious practice makes strange claims about reality, he elaborates on epistemological aspects of religious communication and religious action. In the second part, by analyzing religious practice in the context of the Guatemalan Counterinsurgency War, he then discuss the usefulness and ambivalence of the concept of transcendence. Finally, on this basis, he designs a praxeological concept of transcendence.
Narrativas de identidad islámica: Universalismo, latinidades y nacionalismos
Authors: Medina Arely
Published: August 2020

Este artículo da cuenta de la construcción de narrativas en torno a las identidades islámicas que se construyen como sostén de la práctica islámica en México y Estados Unidos. Para este objetivo, se presentan resultados de proyectos previos en torno a la construcción de la identidad islámica entre mexicanos, latinos musulmanes y migrantes de origen árabe, turco y paquistaní. En estos proyectos prevalece la teoría transnacional en pos de comprender la movilidad religiosa y evidenciar los mecanismos de apropiación del sistema religioso islámico. La mirada transnacional guía en términos metodológicos este trabajo respecto del uso de la etnografía clásica, multilocal y virtual. Finalmente, el argumento que aquí se sostiene alude a que las identidades filiadas al islam, en este contexto, logran posicionarse en tres escalas significativas: la local, la supranacional y la universal, pero con una elaboración construida desde las vivencias como conversos o migrantes, lo que les permite en ocasiones converger discursivamente.