bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic evaluation of curcumin and quercetin in MCF-7 cell lines
Authors: Devi Senthil  , Venkateswaran Velliyagounder  , Lakshmi Kanakaraj
Published: February 2024

Cytotoxic evaluation of Curcumin and Quercetin in MCF-7 cell lines was performed to assess their potential anticancer activity. MCF-7 is a widely used breast cancer cell line, and evaluating the cytotoxic effects of the compounds on these cells can provide valuable information about their potential as an anticancer agent. Curcumin, a naturally occurring compound found in turmeric, has been extensively studied for its potential anticancer properties, including its effects on MCF-7 cell lines. MCF-7 cells are commonly used as a model for studying breast cancer. Quercetin, a flavonoid found in various fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods, has also been studied for its potential anticancer effects, including its effects on MCF-7 cell lines. The combination of curcumin and quercetin has been investigated for its potential synergistic effects on MCF-7 cell lines, aiming to enhance the anticancer activity of both compounds. The synergistic effects observed in the combination of curcumin and quercetin on MCF-7 cells suggests that the compounds may act through complementary mechanisms, enhancing their individual anticancer activities.
Between Memory and Reason: The Brick Wall
Authors: Rossi Adriana , Palmero Luis , Gonizzi Barsanti Sara , Lillo Giner Santiago
Published: February 2024

Architecture responds to the social dynamics of uses, articulating the nature of the environment in which it is projected with the complex nature of human needs. In the present case, the culture handed down is based on the tectonic ingenuity and creativity of the designer who interprets and merges the concept of resistance (effective) with that of enveloping (affective) in the case study. The embrici we find on the domes of Vietri (Italy), or the architectural completion elements mentioned in this article, are examples that anticipate the adaptation of brickwork. The result is an unprecedented correlation between place, form, and material. This article describes the path from the survey of the Solimene façade to the governing of some acquired parameters. The pair of Vitruvian memory decor/distributio proposes a methodological approach for the geometric-compositional reconfiguration of the same typological family of brick infill walls. In continuity with the development of local tradition, the modification of the wall texture is managed to meet local needs and provide customised functional and aesthetic solutions.
Individualismo, desigualdad y democracia.
Authors: Pezzano Sofia
Published: February 2024

En el presente trabajo analizo la distinción entre asuntos públicos y privados en el modelo democrático deliberativo. En primer lugar, explicito los distintos contextos en que es utilizada la distinción público-privado en la teoría democrática de corte deliberativo. Sostengo que, en cada uno de esos contextos, los términos público y privado adquieren sentidos diferentes y que muchos de ellos resultan discutibles. Luego, identifico y desarrollo lo que considero que son cuestiones problemáticas de la distinción entre asuntos públicos y privados como prerrequisito del debate desde tres perspectivas distintas. En primer lugar, porque considero que tiene costos importantes en términos de igualdad en el debate. En segundo lugar, porque debilita el valor epistémico de la deliberación democrática que el modelo dice honrar. Por último, porque se compromete con una concepción de sujeto individualista con fuertes implicancias normativas.
Arquitectura digital, desafíos democráticos y regulación: el ejemplo brasileño
Authors: Fernandes Câmara Heloisa , Antunes de Oliveira Millena , Archegas João Victor
Published: February 2024

La arquitectura digital ha alterado de manera decisiva la sociedad y, en consecuencia, demanda respuestas legales. De la Internet desarrollada en la década de 1970 con fines militares, casi nada permanece igual. La plataforma ha otorgado un poder sin igual a las empresas de tecnología, cambiando la forma en que nos comunicamos, abordamos la política, negociamos y también cómo nos relacionamos. En la economía digital actual, la atención de los usuarios es el principal producto, y estos usuarios también son productores de contenido. En este modelo, se facilita la propagación de información falsa, lo que pone en riesgo la democracia y la ciencia. Para abordar estos fenómenos, es fundamental desarrollar y aplicar mecanismos adecuados de regulación de las plataformas para proteger a la sociedad y la libertad. Este estudio se basa en este contexto para analizar algunas respuestas regulatorias que se están debatiendo en Brasil.
Métodos de formación jurídica por conceptos, problemas y elecciones.
Authors: Daldoss Iván
Published: February 2024

Este artículo se ubica en el ámbito de la formación jurídica y expone tres macro estrategias del aprendizaje, que bien pueden, como aquí se afirma, interactuar y complementarse entre sí. En primer lugar, se representa el modelo educativo centrado en la transmisión de conceptos, sin duda el más arraigado y tradicional en el contexto europeo-continental. En segundo lugar, se procede examinando el paradigma formativo por problemas, enfocado en el desarrollo de la capacidad analítica. En tercer lugar, se ilustra el método educativo que entrena el discernimiento, impulsando la capacidad de elección, entre una multitud de opciones posibles, y empoderando la toma de decisiones racionalmente motivadas. En conclusión, se presenta una teoría formativa unitaria que pone en valor la relación funcional, potencialmente existente, entre estas diferentes metodologías formativas.
Vocabulary learning strategies of university students: The case of preparatory year students and English major students
Authors: Al Fraidan Abdullah , Fakhli Ibrahim
Published: February 2024

Vocabulary-learning strategies play an important role in English language learning and acquisition. This study investigates the vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs) that university students use while they learn new words. It is an attempt to figure out whether VLSs differ across university levels. A 5-Likert scale vocabulary learning strategies-questionnaire and a semi-structured interview administered to 82 university learners (namely, 52 first-year English major male (EFL), and 32 Preparatory Year Deanship learners (PYD)). The results showed that EFL learners and PYD learners approximately share the same number of VLSs, yet the frequent use of their strategies is different. While EFL learners mostly use metacognitive strategies in learning new words, PYD learners use determination strategies most frequently. The results indicated that enrichment of the mental lexicon and autonomy in language learning are the main reasons for using some VLSs. Besides, the main reason for not using some VLSs is the unfamiliarity with those VLSs.
The effects of cognitive-based instruction and assessment on figurative constructions comprehension and production: a case study
Authors: Martín-Gascón Beatriz
Published: February 2024

In this study, we examine the effects of a cognitive-based instruction and assessment on L2 learners’ metaphoric competence and comprehension and production of complex linguistic constructions in relation to emotion. Within the field of Cognitive Linguistics (CL) applied to the L2 classroom, our empirical study adds to the growing body of research exploring the role of explicitly teaching metaphor in an instructional setting. As a novelty, our study brings together insights from CL and conceptual metaphor theories for the design and implementation of a cognitive-based pedagogy along with a coherent assessment. It also addresses complex metaphorical constructions in Spanish that use vocabulary from physical perception that maps onto vocabulary of the self to express emotions (e.g., tocar fondo). The study follows a pretest/posttest/delayed posttest design for three research conditions (control, cognitive, and traditional). Data collection consists of four tasks measuring general metaphor comprehension and production, as well as target metaphorical constructions comprehension and production. Results of the statistical tests show that after instruction the cognitive group outperforms the traditional in all tasks. These findings reveal that a CL and metaphor-based instruction followed by a coherent assessment becomes a fruitful approach to teaching complex constructions in the L2.
Effect of language learning strategies on vocabulary development in CLIL
Authors: Reynaert Barbora
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on language learning strategy use examined in the context of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) with a specific focus on productive vocabulary development in a school year time frame.

The research took place in the Czech Republic, a sample comprised of 286 pupils ranging from 11 to 14 years of age, a total of 12 classes spread over three schools. Half of the experimental group had one year of CLIL experience prior to the study. The content subjects in the experimental classes were History and Civics; the language of instruction was English. The study aimed at finding out what is the connection between language learning strategies and vocabulary acquisition in CLIL classes.

Standardized Laufer & Nation’s vocabulary levels tests and Oxford’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning served as data collection instruments. Variables taken into consideration were CLIL experience, gender, content subject and teacher. The previous year of CLIL and the teacher turned out to be significant. Concerning the questionnaires, five strategies showed a positive influence on the growth of productive vocabulary. Surprisingly enough, five strategies negatively impacted vocabulary. Strategies using a task-based methodology proved superior to purely vocabulary-based strategies.
La participación del público en la era digital: una propuesta para la formación de los estudiantes en alfabetizaciones multimodales a partir de vídeos de difusión de la investigación en YouTube
Authors: Girón-García Carolina , Bernad-Mechó Edgar
Published: February 2024

La difusión de la ciencia a través de vídeos en línea se ha convertido en una habilidad esencial tanto para los investigadores como para los estudiantes. Aprender el lenguaje de los vídeos de divulgación científica implica algo más que comprender su naturaleza lingüística. Estos vídeos están compuestos por complejas interacciones multimodales que contribuyen a la participación de sus espectadores. Se pueden introducir materiales auténticos (vídeos de YouTube) en el aula de inglés con fines específicos (ESP) para reflexionar sobre el uso multimodal de la divulgación científica y su papel para mejorar el compromiso. El estudio pretende: (1) reflexionar sobre las características multimodales de estos vídeos para definir mejor el género y el uso de las estrategias de implicación; y (2) debatir sobre las posibles implicaciones que estas estrategias de participación pueden tener para la formación en alfabetización multimodal. Para ello, analizamos multimodalmente tres vídeos de difusión de la investigación en YouTube. En primer lugar, se seleccionó una serie de fragmentos ricos. En segundo lugar, se examinaron estos fragmentos mediante el Multimodal Analysis – Video. Los resultados contribuyen a definir multimodalmente este género como un género novedoso y son significativos para comprender sus posibilidades multimodales.
Teacher Well-Being in English Language Teaching: An Ecological Approach. Herrera, L. J. P., Martínez-Alba, G., & Trinh, E. (Ed.) Routledge, New York, 270 pages, Print ISBN: 978-1-032-32419-7, eText ISBN: 978-1-003-31493-6.
Authors: Zhang PanPan
Published: February 2024

Recently, there is a growing concern for teachers’ well-being in English Language Teaching (ELT) worldwide, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Teachers’ well-being is highly associated with students’ achievements and staff turnover or even attrition (Greenier et al., 2021). Thus, actively responding to Mercer’s (2021) call for action to prioritize teachers’ well-being, editors hit the nail on the head with this recent volume by shedding light on factors influencing teachers’ well-being in ELT in different contexts and corresponding measures from an ecological perspective.
TECHNIQUE TO FIND OUT THE REMAINING SERVICE LIFE OF PASSENGER CAR BASED ON STATISTICAL DATA
Authors: Evseev Dmitriy , Lagutin Sergey
Published: February 2024

A technique to find out the remaining service life of a passenger car based on statistical data of failures of passenger car elements is considered and described.

The regulatory service life of many passenger cars is coming to an end, therefore it becomes necessary to find out the actual remaining life of the passenger car before its decommissioning and disposal.
Comparison of the effectiveness of imnobiosensors for the diagnosis of oncological diseases: historical aspects
Authors: Egorova Angelina , Lepkova Natalia , Kalinin Sergey , Bobrik Maria
Published: February 2024

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Cancer mortality can be reduced if it is diagnosed and treated at an early stage. So, prognostic biomarkers registered during cell transformation can serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic means.
Historical forms of the development of pedagogical skills for the purposes of sustainable development
Authors: Avdeeva Yulia , Konova Margarita , Ivanova Ulyana , Malukina Galina
Published: February 2024

Since a student's higher education includes not only academic, but also non-academic activities, the scientific society of students, postgraduates, doctoral students and young scientists of the university can become a modern space, forms the values of academic integrity. Particular attention should be paid to so-called task outsourcing, which has gained popularity recently and is a common commercial activity in the field of education.
Methods of pedagogical management in the development of grant activity of university students
Authors: Palatkina Galina , Tetersky Sergey , Khusainov Ruslan , Satarova Larisa , Simonova Tatiana
Published: February 2024

The organizational and target subsystem defines the purpose of the system of formation of grant activity in the professional pedagogical training of a teacher. For consistent and strategic adaptation to changes, the university should switch to a project-oriented organization model.
Current issues of the development of education: digitalization, modernization, answers to external challenges
Authors: Paravina Marina , Nemkova Maria , Majorova Olga , Malchikova Natalia
Published: February 2024

To ensure a high level of educational services, the transformation of higher education institutions for learning in the digital age, the creation of innovative learning environments, the International Society of Technologies in Education (ISTE) has developed appropriate standards. ISTE standards are in fact a roadmap for bold, innovative teachers and administration, which will significantly and effectively integrate technology into the educational process, make it innovative, accessible, open.
Pedagogical conditions for the formation of strategic management personnel in higher educational institutions
Authors: Pomortseva Natalya , Kulik Alla , Tarasova Elena , Moskaleva Mila , Moscovina Zhanna
Published: February 2024

The conceptual paradigm of improving the activities of modern universities is the orientation to the strategic development of the educational institution. The relevant research is relevant for domestic universities in the context of globalization challenges and the reform of modern education, the aggravation of inter-university competition within the country and abroad.
The evolution of family policy in Southeast Asia since modern times
Authors: Hui Peng
Published: February 2024

In the article is studied a problem of family care for the elderly peoples in the countries of Southeast Asia. Due to the global acceleration of population aging, care for the elderly has become a frequently discussed issue over the past decade.
Some issues of general supervision of the Prosecutor’s Office: the results of a scientific discussion held at the Institute of Law of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Military Law Academy of the Red Army in 1945
Authors: Redkous Vladimir
Published: February 2024

In modern conditions, the importance of the activities of the Prosecutor's office in solving the entire complex of tasks of state and social development of the country is increasing. One of the most important activities of the Prosecutor's office is the activity covered by the concept of “general supervision of the Prosecutor's office”, which is currently presented mainly as a scientific category, which, however, has not received its legislative consolidation. In order to get a more complete picture of the general supervision of the Prosecutor's office in the historical and legal aspect, it is proposed to consider the results of a discussion on some issues of general supervision of the prosecutor's office held at the Institute of Law of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Military Law Academy of the Red Army in 1945, where the issues of the correlation between the supervisory activities of the Prosecutor's office and state control; the powers of the prosecutor in the field of general supervision; forms of prosecutorial response; requirements imposed on employees of the Prosecutor's office; and also raised the question of the existence of general supervision of the Prosecutor's office in the military, especially in wartime conditions.
The role of a teacher in vocal education in a university setting
Authors: Zhang Jianhua , Peng Xie
Published: February 2024

The timeliness of this study is due to cardinal changes in the requirements of society for a person who must manifest himself in any sphere of life. At the same time, the professional training of a future teacher at a higher art school.
The history of the development of railways in Novorossiysk (part 2)
Authors: Abramyan Syuzanna , Golubkina Ksenia
Published: February 2024

Novorossiysk is a railway station of the Krasnodar region of the North Caucasus Railway, located in the city of Novorossiysk of the Krasnodar Territory. The second part of the article examines the events since December 1884, when the Russian government decides to grant the Vladikavkaz Railway a concession for the construction of the Novorossiysk branch on the Black Sea coast.
On the history of teaching and studying the diachronic aspect of the Russian language in China
Authors: Xu Yin
Published: February 2024

The article considers the process of formation and development in China of the historical-linguistic study of the Russian language and analyzes the main scientific achievements of Chinese scholars in this field. Particular attention is paid to the discussion of the most pervasive problems at this stage of the discipline's development and the ways to solve them.
Falsification of merchant diaries at the beginning of the 20th century: the creative laboratory of G.T. Polilov and publication of documents from the family archive
Authors: Smirnova Maria
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to cases of falsification of autobiographical monuments in pre-revolutionary Russia. On the example of the literary work of Georgy Tikhonovich Polilov (Severtsev), the appeal of the writer of the early 20th century to the history of his merchant family in the first half of the 19th century is considered. The writer published several diaries and memoirs of his ancestors, the manuscripts of which he, according to him, found in the family archive. A detailed analysis of the texts of the published monuments allowed us to conclude that they are falsifications, and not literary treatments of actually existing notes.
Cancellation of the Russian-American trade agreement in 1911 in the estimates of the Russian right-wing periodical press
Authors: Sorokin Alexander , Kusnetsova Svetlana
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of estimates of the rupture of the Russian-American trade agreement in 1911. The materials of the right-wing periodical press of the Russian Empire show the leading publications' vision of the reasons for the cancellation of the treaty, the prospects of the Russian economy in conditions of non-contractual relations, as well as the attitude to possible retaliatory measures. It is concluded that this diplomatic crisis for monarchical publications was also important in the context of the Jewish question and the elections to the State Duma scheduled for 1912.
Multi-Attribute Decision-Making for T-Spherical Fuzzy Information Utilizing Schweizer-Sklar Prioritized Aggregation Operators for Recycled Water
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Riphah Institute of computing & Applied Sciences (RICAS), Riphah International University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan, Sarfraz Mehwish
Published: February 2024

To handle problematic and ambiguous data, Schweizer and Sklar added a parameter p in 1960, which helped to develop the theory of SS t-norm (SSTN) and t-conorm (SSTCN). The parameter p=-1.1 can be used to easily derive the information of the Hamacher and Lukasiewicz t-norms. Furthermore, prioritized aggregation operators (PAOs) choose which data will be collected into a singleton set. The main contribution of this work is the construction of new aggregation operators for T-spherical fuzzy (T-SF) information based on SS t-norm and t-conorm. Moreover, the fundamental characteristics of the operators are identified. Further, we developed MADM (Multi-Attribute Decision-Making) models and deduced several useful properties from the operators T-SFSSPA, T-SFSSWPA, T-SFSSPG, and T-SFSSWPG. Finally, using an actual case study, we were able to draw the conclusion that, in comparison to the ground-breaking and current methods to enhance the value and capability of the diagnosed operators, the proposed MADM algorithm performs noticeably better than the operators in place for resolving the water recycling problem in a way that is easy to understand.
Dialect-specific modes influence L2 production: Evidence from bidialectal Shanghai-Mandarin Chinese learners of English within the L2LP Model
Authors: Anonymous
Published: February 2024

The present study investigates the impact of bidialectalism on L2 production, focusing on the role of dialect modes. Bidialectal Shanghai-Mandarin Chinese speakers were enlisted to produce L2 English vowels, under the influence of either Shanghai or Mandarin Chinese mode. Results showed that under the Shanghai mode, participants’ English vowel production closely resembled that of native English speakers. Notably, Shanghai Chinese significantly influenced English vowel production in the Shanghai mode, while Mandarin Chinese had a stronger impact on English vowel production in the Mandarin mode. This highlights that each L1 dialect significantly influences L2 English vowel production based on the activated dialect mode. The present study reveals that bidialectal speakers have differential L2 production performance depending on the L1 dialect mode they activate. These results are interpreted within the framework of the Second Language Linguistic Perception (L2LP) model, contributing to the theoretical understanding of how L1 dialect modes influence L2 acquisition.
Understanding the individual, sociodemographic and mobility-related factors associated with active and sustainable mobility: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Teran-Escobar Claudia , Tabaka Kamila , Chardonnel Sonia , Duché Sarah , Chalabaev Aïna
Published: February 2024

Background. Few studies have mobilised interdisciplinary approaches to study the factors associated with daily mobility in a multi-level perspective.Objective. To investigate individual, sociodemographic and mobility-related factors of active and sustainable mobility (walking and biking, public transportation and carpooling)., and to identify factors that are specific to the local area.Methods. Based on a mixed-methods design, we conducted an online survey (N=538, 54.83% of women), three focus groups (n=9, 3 women), and eight individual interviews (5 women). The survey assessed the percentage of active mobility during a typical week, and examined mobility-related (e.g., main travel motive, density of residence), sociodemographic (gender, number of children under 12 years), and individual (intention towards active mobility, green identity) levers and obstacles to active and sustainable mobility using multiple linear regressions. Interviews and focus groups were carried with experts in mobility and car drivers intending to reduce their car use and living in Grenoble Metropolitan Area (France) to further understand levers and obstacles specific to this area. Qualitative data was analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis.Results. The quantitative study highlighted that mobility-related (having a transport pass, doing trips for leisure or volunteer activities), sociodemographic (having children of 12 years and older), and individual ones (attitudes towards the car, active mobility habits, perceived physical health) were independently associated to active and sustainable mobility. So far, no significant interactions between these factors were observed. The qualitative study highlighted some Grenoble metropolitan area’s specific mobility-related factors such as the fact of living in the mountains as being an obstacle to active and sustainable mobility.Conclusions. Active and sustainable mobility was related to individual, sociodemographic and mobility-related levers and obstacles. The results indicate the importance of studying behaviour as the result of a complex system composed of factors from multiple levels, and the importance of using a national and a local sample to better identify local levers and obstacles.
Comparing generating predictions with retrieval practice as learning strategies for primary school children
Authors: Carvalho Paulo F. , Godwin Karrie E.
Published: February 2024

This eye tracking study examines the learning benefits of two common active learning approaches — generating predictions and retrieval — for young children. Both generating predictions and retrieval practice are active learning approaches that involve generating responses and then being provided with the correct information or retrieving previously provided correct information. Participants included 90 children (mean age: 7 years; Female = 46, Male = 42). Parents reported children’s race and ethnicity as follows: 2% Asian/Pacific Islander, 5% African American, 74% Caucasian, 3% other, and 6% identified as two or more categories; demographics largely reflective of the county where the data was collected, but nevertheless the generalizability of these findings to more diverse populations may be limited. In this study, young children learned facts about insects (e.g., “insects are hard on the outside”) while we measured their attention to the lesson using eye tracking technology. Then their knowledge was assessed on an immediate test. All children were presented with the same materials but the presentation order was modified based on condition assignment. In the generating predictions condition, children saw examples of animals and were asked if an animal was an insect or they saw animals and were asked to identify which one was the insect, followed by the correct response. In the retrieve condition, the presentation order was reversed such that children first saw the correct response and then were asked if the animal was an insect or which of two examples was an insect. Results suggest that although retrieval practice results in overall better learning outcomes, generating predictions increased children's attention to the materials (d = 1.92), and among children who were able to maintain attention, learning outcomes were equal among the two conditions.
Automated Scoring of Scientific Creativity in German
Authors: Goecke Benjamin , DiStefano Paul V , Aschauer Wolfgang , Haim Kurt , Beaty Roger , Forthmann Boris
Published: February 2024

Automated scoring is a current hot topic in creativity research. However, most research has focused on the English language and popular verbal creative thinking tasks, such as the alternate uses task. Therefore, in this study, we present a large language model approach for automated scoring of a scientific creative thinking task that assesses divergent ideation in experimental tasks in the German language. Participants are required to generate alternative explanations for an empirical observation. This work analyzed a total of 13,423 unique responses. To predict human ratings of originality, we used XLM-RoBERTa (Cross-lingual Language Model-RoBERTa), a large, multilingual model. The prediction model was trained on 9,400 responses. Results showed a strong correlation between model predictions and human ratings in a held-out test set (n = 2,682; r = 0.80; CI-95% [0.79, 0.81]). These promising findings underscore the potential of large language models for automated scoring of scientific creative thinking in the German language. We encourage researchers to further investigate automated scoring of other domain-specific creative thinking tasks.
An Evaluation of Current Methodological Approaches for Game-Based Health Interventions
Authors: Glass Shaina , Galati Alexia
Published: February 2024

In health research, applying game design techniques to create engaging health interventions has become more common, though still met with challenges and criticisms. In this literature review, we evaluate the extent to which recent health-based game intervention studies have improved from past criticisms around the game development process, its theoretical grounding, and its implementation in terms of research design. We reviewed 26 published articles sourced from multiple databases (e.g., PsychInfo) and AI tools (Elicit.org), which met our selection criteria of reporting a game-based intervention task the authors developed and targeting the improvement of a health outcome. We investigated their theoretical grounding, their use of game mechanics, and their methodologies for the development and implementation of game-based interventions. This involved coding for theories from psychology or game design, game mechanics (reinforcement, immersion, performance, social components, and ecological components), and research methods and design approaches used to support intervention development (qualitative/quantitative, user-centered approaches, testing strategies, and iterative approaches). We reasoned that those studies grounded in theory would be more likely to use effective methodologies and provide support for their design choices. All studies in this sample included more than one game mechanic, most studies grounded their interventions in psychological theory, and studies frequently used quantitative methods to determine intervention impact. In line with recommendations, the majority of studies used large sample sizes and applied their interventions in real-world settings. Despite these improvements, we identified areas of growth: future studies still need to utilize interdisciplinary teams, user-centered and iterative approaches, and standardize their reporting of intervention design components. We hope this review helps to inform the future of applied game design in health contexts.
Do vegetarians expect to find meat tasty?
Authors: Aguado-López Blanca , Cándido Antonio
Published: February 2024

Psychological interest in vegetarianism is on the rise due to its social significance (health, climate change, and animal welfare). It is unclear whether and how the vegetarians’ cognitions and emotions towards meat influence psychophysiological aspects such as salivation to food. The present study analysed voluntary (attitudes towards meat) and involuntary (emotions and salivation in response to images of food and real meat) behaviours, comparing vegetarians and omnivores. This study uses real meat and a measure of salivation to examine vegetarianism. The results showed that in vegetarians, attitudes and emotions towards meat were more negative than those of omnivores, while arousal towards meat was not different for vegetarians and omnivores. The salivation of vegetarians in response to real meat was not statistically different from that of omnivores. However, our results show that vegetarians’ salivation to real meat was similar to their baseline salivation. Our findings suggest that while vegetarians perceive meat as a negative non-appetizing stimulus at the cognitive and emotional level, at the involuntary psychophysiological level the perception of meat did not wholly suppress salivation and was perceived as a neutral non-appetizing stimulus.
The super-recogniser advantage extends to the detection of digitally manipulated faces
Authors: Davis Josh P , Robertson David J , Jenkins Ryan , Ibsen Mathias , Nichols Robert , Babbs Martha , Rathgeb Christian , Løvåsdal Frøy , Raja Kiran Bylappa , Busch Christoph
Published: February 2024

Face recognition by human officials remains the predominant method of identity verification in security-critical contexts (e.g., passport renewal, border control). The integrity of this process can be compromised by sophisticated fraud attacks using digitally manipulated face images. Therefore, in this study we examine whether human observers can robustly detect digitally manipulated passport photos and whether super-recognisers (SRs), individuals who excel at identity recognition, outperform typical recogniser controls. Using two face manipulation detection tasks (DFMD1, DFMD2), untrained participants were asked to decide whether ‘suspected’ passport photos had been digitally manipulated. Compared to controls, SRs demonstrated significantly superior discrimination of manipulated and unmanipulated images. Effect sizes were strong. This was not due to ‘speed-accuracy’ trade-offs. Instead, performances on three face aptitude tests predicted DFMD1 and DMD2 sensitivity (d’), and with self-rated face recognition aptitude, and faster response times, accounted for approximately 26% of the variance in manipulated image detection sensitivity on the more ecologically valid DFMD2. Despite increasing sophistication in deceptive digital face manipulation techniques, the results suggest that utility should be enhanced by employing human SRs, to detect them. Further cognitive and applied implications of these findings are discussed.
Religiosity and Contentment in Islam - A Perspective
Authors: Nisar Yusra , Khaki G N
Published: February 2024

In the present capitalist world where the greed for achieving more and more wealth is increasing among the masses, there has been the vacuum of contentment and tranquillity. Islam is the religion that provides a balanced approach in this regard. It guides its followers in adhering strictly to the religious injunctions in all spheres of life in order to achieve the pleasure of Allah and thereby get blessed with contentment and blissful life both in the mundane world and the hereafter. The present paper aims at describing the positive relationship between religiosity and contentment in Islam and analytical and descriptive methodology has been used for the same.
Effect of anticoagulation on infarct volume and NISS score in patients with atrial fibrillation and ischaemic stroke
Authors: AYDOĞAN Gökhan , EREN Alper
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of oral anticoagulation (OAC) in patients with cardioembolic stroke due to non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The NIHSS (National Institute of Healt Stroke Scale) score calculated by a neurologist at initial presentation and infarct volume measured semi-automatically in cm3 by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Materials and methods: A total of 101 NVAF patients with acute ischaemic stroke were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to OAC drug use: Non-OAC users (group 1), subtherapeutic dose warfarin users (under 70 years of age: INR≤2.0; over 70 years of age: INR≤1.6 group 2), therapeutic dose warfarin users (under 70 years of age: INR≥2.0; over 70 years of age: INR≥1.6 group 3) and therapeutic dose Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC) users group 4.

Results: Infarct volume was calculated as 22.20 cm³ median (0.4-235 cm³ lowest-highest) for group 1; 12.95 cm³ (1.3-129 cm³) for group 2; 2.25 cm³ (0.3-89 cm³) for group 3 and 4.40 cm³ (0.2-293 cm³) for group 4 and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.039). The calculated NIHSS score was 9 (4-23) for the group 1, 8.5 (3-18) for the group 2, 6.5 (2-20) for the group 3, 5 (1-22) for the group 4 and the effect of anticoagulation use on NIHSS score was statistically significant (p=0.029).

Conclusion: Anticoagulant treatment holds importance in the primary and secondary prevention of stroke and in enhancing the NIHSS score and infarct volumes among stroke patients, as evidenced in the current study.
Lista de fontes de informação em acesso aberto
Authors: Tadeu da Silva Roberto
Published: February 2024

Esta é a terceira edição da lista de fontes de informação em acesso aberto. Foram atualizados links de acesso, acrescentadas novas fontes e novos itens como diretórios de revistas científicas, repositórios de dados abertos e informações agrícola
OpenAlex: breve guía de consulta a través de R
Authors:   Universitat de Barcelona, Borrego Ángel
Published: February 2024

OpenAlex is a free and open index of interconnected entities in the scholarly information ecosystem: papers, authors, journals, institutions, topics, etc. This guide describes its main functionalities and provides examples of querying its API through the openalexR package developed using the R programming language.
Opal Cement in the Eocene Castle Rock Conglomerate, Central Colorado
Authors: Longman Mark W. , Svihlik Nik , Burleson Joan , Hagadorn James W.
Published: February 2024

The Castle Rock Conglomerate is one of Colorado’s most iconic, youngest, and coarsest grained rock units. It is also one of the hardest sedimentary rocks in Colorado and forms prominent buttes in the southwestern Denver Basin. Yet the reasons for its induration and resistance to weathering have not previously been investigated. Sedimentologic observations paired with sedimentary petrology indicate that much of the unit is comprised of a planar-bedded to cross-bedded, mostly poorly sorted, angular to subrounded assemblage of quartz, K-feldspar, quartzite, and unusually large volcanic rock fragments along with some plagioclase and mica flakes. The largest volcanic rock fragments are up to ∼2 m in size and composed of the immediately subjacent Wall Mountain Tuff of late Eocene age. Sedimentary rock fragments and well-rounded quartz grains are rare. Together these features suggest a diverse and relatively proximal provenance for the unit. Pervasive opaline cement coats most grains, and locally exhibits pendant features typical of vadose precipitation. These opal cements formed prior to any grain compaction and indicate early silica precipitation at shallow burial depths. Where the primary pores were not completely cemented by the opal, most were later filled with length-fast chalcedony cement. We hypothesize that cementation of the conglomerate began soon after deposition as weathering of the Wall Mountain Tuff and weathering of clasts of the tuff within the conglomerate, yielded ground water super-saturated with silica. These fluids initially catalyzed precipitation of common opal (hydrous amorphous silica) and later fostered precipitation of length-fast chalcedony. Together, these cements created a silica-cemented “concrete” much more resistant to weathering than any carbonate-cemented sandstone, and much harder than man-made calcite-cemented concrete found in many sidewalks and roadways.
Zakat Management of Lazismu Purworejo: Total Quality Management Approach
Authors: Saputra Iyus Herdiana , Nurhadi Rofiq , Günther Hans-Christian
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to explore the planning, organization, implementation, and supervision processes of Lazismu Purworejo and to assess its management through the lens of Total Quality Management (TQM). Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study involved administrators, managers, beneficiaries (mustahik), and users as subjects. The findings revealed that Lazismu Purworejo underwent a quality audit by the Central Lazismu, achieving commendable results and obtaining an Unqualified Opinion (WTP), categorizing it as “green.” The application of TQM principles in management was evident in the satisfactory service levels for customers, improvements in operational processes, and the collective and collegial involvement of leadership in Lazismu Purworejo. This collaborative approach contributed to the establishment of a robust obligatory system for zakat management.
Electromagnetic danger of electric and hybrid vehicles
Authors: Bazhynov Alexey V. , Kravtsov Mykhailo М.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of electromagnetic radiation from electric vehicles. Hybrid and electric cars emit extremely low-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or magnetic fields. Studies of EMF levels emitted by cars show that they pose a threat to human health. Measurements of the magnetic induction of internal combustion engine cars, electric cars, and hybrid cars confirm that the magnetic field induction of an electric car is twice as high as that of an internal combustion engine car and does not depend on the speed of movement. The magnetic field induction of a hybrid car is greater than that of an electric car and tends to depend on the speed of movement. The magnetic field induction during external charging of an electric vehicle in the cabin is much lower than when driving. The average value of magnetic field induction in the interior of an electric vehicle is 0.85 ± 0.18 μT; Coverage factor K = 2 at a confidence level of P = 0.95. The magnetic field induction of an electric vehicle is twice as high as that of a car with an internal combustion engine and does not depend on the speed of movement. The average value of magnetic field induction in the interior of a hybrid car is 1.28 ± 0.61 μT; Coverage factor K = 2 at a confidence level of P=0.95. The magnetic field induction of a hybrid car is higher than that of an electric car and tends to depend on the speed of movement.The conducted studies show that electrical equipment in electric vehicles and, in particular, in an electric car and a hybrid car is a source of alternating EMF with strong temporal and spatial heterogeneity in the frequency range from 0 to hundreds of megahertz. This is due to the fact that the MF in an electric vehicle and a hybrid car is a superposition of fields from many sources. The direct sources of MF in electric vehicles are traction motors, rechargeable traction batteries, current-carrying elements, various electrical equipment, such as starting and braking resistance, group switches, rheostat units, electrical circuits for ventilation, lighting, heating, etc. Electronic devices on board are usually higher-frequency than MFs due to changes in the driving mode of electric and hybrid vehicles.
It's All about Data
Authors: Esposito Francesca
Published: February 2024

What do fieldwork experience in Indonesia and working at a computing company have in common? Why does it make sense for an anthropologist to work at a computing company? What do anthropologists and data scientists have in common? In this article, I will attempt to answer these questions and show how they are all interrelated. Additionally, I will explore how anthropology can impact data science and how data science can affect anthropology in the context of multidisciplinary approaches, similarities, innovation, and languages, along with how the awareness of the complementarities of the two disciplines influences collaboration and development of knowledge.
Artificial Intelligence, Humanness, and Nonverbal Sociality
Authors: Banerji Ritwik
Published: February 2024

Anthropologists have yet to fully consider how artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies may be put to work to develop novel ethnographic media that transcend the basic limitations of the traditional ethnographic text. This article describes an experiment in the development of an AI system based on ethnographic fieldwork focusing on a specific form of nonverbal interaction and human practitioners’ evaluations of the system's ‘humanness’. Among many other elements of humanness, this discussion highlights the many ways that human subjects locate humanness in an agent's ability to parse and respond to others in the midst of nonverbal social interaction.
Afterword – Crafting Data, Crafting Worlds Across Disciplines
Authors: Amato Katherine R. , Raffaetà Roberta
Published: February 2024

This special issue draws from the AAA panel ‘Entangling data while entangling disciplines: discussing the future of anthropological collaborations with data scientists’. It deals with experiences of anthropologists who have collaborated with data scientists. To render the panel truly interdisciplinary, the organizers of the AAA panel invited a data scientist as discussant, Katie Amato. Below her comments have been elaborated in the form of a dialogue with anthropologist Roberta Raffaetà. This afterword aims to sketch some paths of reflections about what data scientists think of collaborations with anthropologists.
Employability Skills for Education Graduates: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Arif Amna , Mir Tayyaba Tariq
Published: February 2024

This literature review explores the concept of employability skills and their importance for graduates, especially in the education sector. Employability skills are the abilities that make a person suitable and capable for a job and improve their career prospects. The review examines the various definitions, dimensions, and sources of employability skills and the factors that influence their development and acquisition. The review also analyses the relationship between employability skills and the job market and how graduates can enhance their employability by having the skills in demand. The review concludes that employability skills are essential for graduates to succeed in a competitive and changing environment and that there is a need for more research on how to measure and foster these skills among pre-service teachers.
The Effects of Entrepreneurial Leadership, and Transformational Leadership on Innovation Behavior
Authors: Irshad Muhammad , Ziaullah Muhammad , Hayyat Asghar
Published: February 2024

This study examines the impact of entrepreneurial and transformational leadership on employee innovative behaviour, mediated by an innovation climate with intellectual agility and moderated by intrinsic motivation. Data from 341 full-time IT sector employees in Pakistan were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was employed for analysis. Results indicate that both leadership styles enhance employees' intellectual agility and innovative behaviour. The study underscores the significant role of innovation climate in fostering innovative behaviour. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation moderates the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative behaviour. These findings empower leaders to foster innovation, cultivate conducive environments, and encourage open idea-sharing. The study sheds light on implications, limitations, and avenues for future research.