bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Informed trading of out‐of‐the‐money options and market efficiency
Authors: Kang Chang‐Mo , Kim Donghyun , Kim Junyong , Lee Geul
Published: April 2022

We examine the stock return predictability of out‐of‐the‐money (OTM) put‐to‐call trading volume ratio (OTMPC). Our numerical analysis predicts that in the US equity option market, informed investors rarely write OTM options because the leverage effect is not sufficient to compensate for transaction costs. OTMPC thus captures the informed investors’ OTM put purchase volume relative to their OTM call purchase volume. After controlling for existing empirical proxies for informed option trading, we find that OTMPC predicts future stock returns and corporate news. The return predictability offers implementable stock portfolio strategies. Our findings suggest that market inefficiency can emerge from uninformed investors’ limited knowledge about how transaction costs influence the trading strategies of informed investors.
Short selling and options trading: A tale of two markets
Authors: Cashman George D. , Harrison David M. , Sheng Hainan
Published: April 2022

Recent research documents both short selling and option volume are predictive of future real estate investment trust (REIT) returns, suggesting informed investors exploit their informational advantage in both the traditional equity and derivative security markets. However, little work has explicitly examined the factors influencing which of these markets informed investors choose to engage when transacting. We address this gap in the literature and find clear evidence that the risk associated with short selling is a significant driver of this decision. Specifically, using a sample of 124 unique equity REITS with both active short selling and option markets over the past 10 years, we find that when short selling is riskier, option volume is more predictive of future returns. These results suggest that investors view options as an alternative to shorting, and their decision to transact in the derivatives market is materially influenced by short‐selling risk.
Permanent private equity: Market performance and transactions
Authors: McCourt Maurice
Published: April 2022

Using market data for a comprehensive sample of publicly listed permanent capital private equity funds, I confirm existing results in the private equity literature and establish new empirical facts for private equity investments. Over 2000–2019, only mezzanine funds outperformed public markets, whereas buyout, growth, and funds of funds underperformed somewhat, and venture capital funds underperformed significantly. Buyout funds exhibit performance persistence. Larger funds with higher asset turnover have higher performance, and funds with higher expenses have lower performance. Finally, contemporaneous and out‐of‐sample performance of buyout and mezzanine funds is associated with deal and exit transaction characteristics.
Bond covenants and investment policy
Authors: Docgne Sandrine
Published: April 2022

I provide evidence that covenants in bond indentures affect firms’ investment policies outside of covenant violations. After controlling for the self‐selectivity of covenant inclusion, I find that firms decrease (increase) capital expenditure after issuing bonds with investment (financing) restrictions. Firms that are more financially constrained or overinvesting are the most affected by investment restrictions, whereas only underinvesting firms see a positive effect from financing restrictions. My results provide empirical evidence that bond covenants help mitigate agency problems related to investment distortions, and especially that covenants restricting financing activities can alleviate the underinvestment problem.
Comment on: Effect of music therapy on improving sleep quality in older adults a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hu Hao‐Yu , Jia Luning , Zhang Haipeng , Li Kailimi
Published: April 2022

Please see the reply by Yen‐Chin.
Long‐term impact of a geriatric prescribing context
Authors: De Lima Bryanna , DeVane Kenneth , Drago Kathleen
Published: April 2022

Background

The medication‐related death of a hospitalized older adult elucidated the inappropriateness of medication default doses in our electronic health record (EHR) for older adults. In response, we created and implemented the Geriatric Prescribing Context (GPC), an EHR‐based set of age‐specific dose and frequency defaults for patients 75 years and older, in July 2017. Inpatient medication orders aligned with GPC defaults and showed significant dose decreases at one year for nine of ten most commonly used medications. This follow‐up investigation examined GPC alignment of dose and frequency over the 42‐month time period after its implementation.

Methods

Order data for the ten most commonly used medications at OHSU Hospital were collected retrospectively from July 2016 through December 2020. We used Statistical Process Control charts to assess the proportion of medication orders aligning with the GPC's recommendations. Signals of special cause were evaluated to identify time periods when shifts in process averages likely occurred and suspected shifts were assessed using binomial proportion tests. We used RStudio (RStudio, Inc., version 1.2.5001) and Microsoft Excel (2016) to perform statistical analyses and control charts, respectively.

Results

The preimplementation phase of all medications displayed no special causes. After significant initial improvement in 2017, control charts revealed three different patterns of performance. Eight medications maintained the initial improvement with one medication displaying a second significant improvement at a later date. Two medications showed a subsequent decline in performance not statistically different from baseline. Overall, eight of the ten medications were prescribed at more age‐friendly doses and frequencies compared to baseline after 42 months.

Conclusions

The GPC is an effective method to support safer prescribing for hospitalized older patients, but long‐term impacts may be medication‐specific. Further investigation is needed to ensure appropriate prescribing across drug classes and understand the GPC's impact on patient outcomes like adverse drug events.
Evaluating augmented reality for ‘real life’ teaching of food portion concepts
Authors: Mellos Ioannis , Probst Yasmine
Published: April 2022

Background

Estimation of food portions is a vital skill for dietitians, which is developed during formal nutrition training. Skill development is often accomplished by training with food portion estimation tools. These tools can vary in design but evaluations often reveal them to be limited in their effectiveness and generally impractical for everyday use. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate an augmented reality (AR) tool for the estimation food portions.

Methods

An online, quasi‐experimental, randomised pre‐test post‐test study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of three food portion tools with nutrition students. These tools consisted of an online, AR, and an infographic tool (control). Students tested 10 different food images and were asked to estimate food portion sizes with and without assistance of a portion tool to determine absolute error, relative error, and overall improvement in estimation.

Results

A total of 33 participants enrolled in the study with 26 (72.0%) completing the study. The mean absolute error was lowest in the online group (53.0%), followed by AR (59.5%) and control (64.0%). Relative error scores revealed higher accuracy for the AR group (45.5%) followed by online (43.5%), and control group (29.0%). Overall improvement in estimation was highest in the AR group (+12.2%) followed by the online (+11.6%) tool with a decrease seen for the infographic (−1.7%) tool.

Conclusions

The use of technology, notably AR technology, may provide some advantage when training nutrition students in food portion estimation, although further investigation is advised.
Tagetes lucida Cav. essential oil and the mixture of its main compounds are antibacterial and modulate antibiotic resistance in multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Torres-Martínez R. , Moreno-León A. , García-Rodríguez Y.M. , Hernández-Delgado T. , Delgado-Lamas G. , Espinosa-García F.J.
Published: April 2022

We evaluated an essential oil (EO) of Tagetes lucida Cav. and the mixture of its main compounds against multi-drug resistant bacteria. We found that EO and the partially reconstituted blend of its main components have antibacterial activity and inhibit antibiotic resistance (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, vancomycin and imipenem) in strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa HIM-MR01. The T. lucida EO alone or added to the antibiotics showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The EO main bioactive compounds were methyl eugenol (relative abundance in EO: 46·15%), estragole (32·93%), linalool (2·48%) and geraniol (0·33%). The mixture (PREO) of those compounds at those proportions inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa in 45% at 683·62 µg ml−1 and that of S. aureus in 51·7% at 39·04 µg ml−1. The PREO had higher antibacterial and modulatory activities than the original EO. In conclusion, we overcame the unpredictability of EO activity (due to their natural variability) by determining which EO components inhibited bacteria and then producing a PREO to generate a reproducible mixture with predictable antibacterial and modulation of resistance activities. Thus, the PREO, and its components, show potential as alternatives to manage multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Variation in White spruce needle respiration at the species range limits: A potential impediment to Northern expansion
Authors: Griffin Kevin L. , Griffin Zoe M. , Schmiege Stephanie C. , Bruner Sarah G. , Boelman Natalie T. , Vierling Lee A. , Eitel Jan U. H.
Published: April 2022

White spruce (Picea glauca) spans a massive range, yet the variability in respiratory physiology and related implications for tree carbon balance at the extremes of this distribution remain as enigmas. Working at both the most northern and southern extents of the distribution range more than 5000 km apart, we measured the short‐term temperature response of dark respiration (R/T) at upper and lower canopy positions. R/T curves were fit to both polynomial and thermodynamic models so that model parameters could be compared among locations, canopy positions, and with previously published data. Respiration measured at 25°C (R25) was 68% lower at the southern location than at the northern location, resulting in a significantly lower intercept in R/T response in temperate trees. Only at the southern location did upper canopy leaves have a steeper temperature response than lower canopy leaves, likely reflecting canopy gradients in light. At the northern range limit respiration is nearly twice that of the average R25 reported in a global leaf respiration database. We predict that without significant thermal acclimation, respiration will increase with projected end‐of‐the‐century warming and will likely constrain the future range limits of this important boreal species.
Drought and warming alter gross primary production allocation and reduce productivity in a widespread pasture grass
Authors: Chandregowda Manjunatha H. , Tjoelker Mark G. , Power Sally A. , Pendall Elise
Published: April 2022

Carbon allocation determines plant growth, fitness and reproductive success. However, climate warming and drought impacts on carbon allocation patterns in grasses are not well known, particularly following grazing or clipping. A widespread C3 pasture grass, Festuca arundinacea, was grown at 26 and 30°C in controlled environment chambers and subjected to drought (65% reduction relative to well‐watered controls). Leaf, root and whole‐plant carbon fluxes were measured and linked to growth before and after clipping. Both drought and warming reduced gross primary production and plant biomass. Drought reduced net leaf photosynthesis but increased the leaf respiratory fraction of assimilated carbon. Warming increased root respiration but did not affect either net leaf photosynthesis or leaf respiration. There was no evidence of thermal acclimation. Moreover, root respiratory carbon loss was amplified in the combined drought and warming treatment and, in addition to a negative carbon balance aboveground, explained an enhanced reduction in plant biomass. Plant regrowth following clipping was strongly suppressed by drought, reflecting increased tiller mortality and exacerbated respiratory carbon loss. These findings emphasize the importance of considering carbon allocation patterns in response to grazing or clipping and interactions with climatic factors for sustainable pasture production in a future climate.
Comparison of Balloon-Expandable Valve and Self-Expandable Valve in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Patient-Specific Numerical Study
Authors: Li Jianming , Yan Wentao , Wang Wenshuo , Wang Shengzhang , Wei Lai
Published: April 2022

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive strategy for the treatment of aortic stenosis. The complex postoperative complications of TAVR were related to the type of implanted prosthetic valve, and the deep mechanism of this relationship may guide the clinical pre-operative planning. This technical brief developed a numerical method of TAVR to compare the outcome difference between balloon-expandable valve and self-expandable valve and predict the postoperative results. A complete patient-specific aortic model was reconstructed. Two prosthetic valves (balloon-expandable valve and self-expandable valve) were introduced to simulate the implantation procedure, and postprocedural function was studied with fluid–structure interaction method, respectively. Results showed similar stress distribution for two valves, but higher peak stress for balloon-expandable valve model. The balloon-expandable valve was associated with a better circular cross section and smaller paravalvular gaps area. Hemodynamic parameters like cardiac output, mean transvalvular pressure difference, and effective orifice area (EOA) of the balloon-expandable valve model were better than those of the self-expandable valve model. Significant outcome difference was found for two prosthetic valves. Balloon-expandable valve may effectively decrease the risk and degree of postoperative paravalvular leak, while self-expandable valve was conducive to lower stroke risk due to lower aortic stress. The numerical TAVR simulation process may become an assistant tool for prosthesis selection in pre-operative planning and postoperative prediction.
Design Synthesis of a Robotic Uniaxial Torque Device for Orthopedic Haptic Simulation
Authors: Cotter Trevor , Mongrain Rosaire , Driscoll Mark
Published: April 2022

Robotic devices are commonly used in surgical simulators to provide tactile, or haptic, feedback. They can provide customized feedback that can be rapidly modified with minimal hardware changes in comparison to nonrobotic systems. This work describes the design, development, and evaluation of one such tool: a novel uniaxial torque haptic device for a surgical training simulator. The objective of the work was to design a single connection haptic device that could augment an existing six degree-of-freedom haptic device to mimic a Concorde Clear vacuum curette. Design and evaluations focused on the tool's ability to deliver adequate torque, imitate a surgical tool, and be integrated into the haptic device. Twenty-nine surgeons tested the tool in the simulator and evaluated it via a questionnaire. The device was found to deliver the 800 N⋅mm of torque necessary to mimic an orthopedic procedure. Surgeons found it accurately imitated surgical tools physical appearance and maneuverability, scoring them 3.9 ± 1.0 and 3.3 ± 1.2, respectively, on a 1–5 Likert scale. By virtue of the functionality necessary for testing and evaluation, the device could be connected to the haptic device for mechanical and electrical engagement. This device is a step forward in the field of augmentable haptic devices for surgical simulation. By changing the number of robotically controlled degrees-of-freedom of a haptic device, existing devices can be tuned to meet the demands of a particular simulator, which has the potential to improve surgeon training standards.
Horizontal Chimney Effect
Authors: Floryan J. M. , Haq N. N. , Panday S.
Published: April 2022

An analysis of natural convection in horizontal slots has been carried out. It is demonstrated that a proper combination of heating and groove patterns can create a net horizontal fluid movement, which we refer to as the horizontal chimney effect. Groove shapes that can be easily manufactured as well as heating patterns that can be easily created using heating wires were considered. It has been shown that both patterns must be properly tuned. The direction of the net horizontal flow can be changed by changing the relative positions of the patterns. Changes of groove geometry can change the flow rate by up to 100%. Simultaneous use of grooves and heating at both plates can nearly double the system effectiveness. The strength of the flow increases with reduction of the Prandtl number.
Amplification of light within aerosol particles accelerates in-particle photochemistry
Authors: Corral Arroyo Pablo , David Grégory , Alpert Peter A. , Parmentier Evelyne A. , Ammann Markus , Signorell Ruth
Published: April 2022

Optical confinement (OC) structures the optical field and amplifies light intensity inside atmospheric aerosol particles, with major consequences for sunlight-driven aerosol chemistry. Although theorized, the OC-induced spatial structuring has so far defied experimental observation. Here, x-ray spectromicroscopic imaging complemented by modeling provides direct evidence for OC-induced patterning inside photoactive particles. Single iron(III)–citrate particles were probed using the iron oxidation state as a photochemical marker. Based on these results, we predict an overall acceleration of photochemical reactions by a factor of two to three for most classes of atmospheric aerosol particles. Rotation of free aerosol particles and intraparticle molecular transport generally accelerate the photochemistry. Given the prevalence of OC effects, their influence on aerosol particle photochemistry should be considered by atmospheric models.
How the gut talks to the brain
Authors: Adamantidis Antoine
Published: April 2022

Peptidoglycans from gut microbiota modulate appetite through hypothalamic circuits
Bills to ease cannabis research advance in U.S. Congress
Authors: Wadman Meredith
Published: April 2022

Legislation may allow study of edibles or let universities grow their own plants for research
Impact of 16S rRNA Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Mycoplasma genitalium Organism Load with Doxycycline Treatment
Authors: Chua Teck-Phui , Danielewski Jennifer , Bodiyabadu Kaveesha , Bradshaw Catriona S. , Machalek Dorothy A. , Garland Suzanne M. , Plummer Erica L. , Vodstrcil Lenka A. , Murray Gerald L.
Published: April 2022

Doxycycline targets the 16S rRNA and is widely used for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections. While it is not highly effective at eradicating
Mycoplasma genitalium
infections, it can reduce organism load.
Movements of Ancient Human Endogenous Retroviruses Detected in SOX2-Expressing Cells
Authors: Monde Kazuaki , Satou Yorifumi , Goto Mizuki , Uchiyama Yoshikazu , Ito Jumpei , Kaitsuka Taku , Terasawa Hiromi , Monde Nami , Yamaga Shinya , Matsusako Tomoya , Wei Fan-Yan , Inoue Ituro , Tomizawa Kazuhito , Ono Akira , Era Takumi , Sawa Tomohiro , Maeda Yosuke
Published: April 2022

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) account for approximately 8% of the human genome; however, the physiological role of HERV-K remains unknown. This study found that HERV-K LTR5Hs and LTR5B were transactivated by SOX2, which is essential for maintaining and reestablishing pluripotency.
A DnaK(Hsp70) Chaperone System Connects Type IV Pilus Activity to Polysaccharide Secretion in Cyanobacteria
Authors: McDonald Heather J. , Kweon HoJun , Kurnfuli Shadi , Risser Douglas D.
Published: April 2022

Many bacteria, including photosynthetic cyanobacteria, exhibit type IV pili (T4P) driven surface motility. In cyanobacteria, this form of motility facilitates dispersal, phototaxis, the formation of supracellular structures, and the establishment of nitrogen-fixing symbioses with eukaryotes.
Structural and Functional Analysis of DndE Involved in DNA Phosphorothioation in the Haloalkaliphilic Archaea Natronorubrum bangense JCM10635
Authors: He Wei , Gao Haiyan , Wu Dan , Jiang Susu , Huang Wanqiu , Chen Chao , Deng Zixin , Xiong Lei , Wu Geng , Wang Lianrong
Published: April 2022

DndABCDE proteins have been demonstrated to catalyze DNA PT modification with the nonbridging oxygen in the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone replaced by sulfur. In the PT modification pathway, DndA exerts cysteine desulfurase activity capable of catalyzing the mobilization of sulfur from
l
-cysteine, which involves the ion-sulfur cluster assembly of DndC.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Gordonia
sp. Strain Campus, a Bacterium Isolated from Diesel-Contaminated Soil with Potential Use in Phytoremediation Systems
Authors: Badariotti Esteban H. , Beyrne Eduardo , Tejerina Magdalena , Raymond María L. , Soria Néstor W.
Published: April 2022

We present the draft genome sequence of
Gordonia
sp. strain Campus, which was extracted from diesel-contaminated soil in Córdoba, Argentina. It was observed that this strain, in conjunction with alfalfa and poplar, has the ability to decompose diesel-contaminated soils. The data may be important for the phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils.
Laser-ablation Lu-Hf dating reveals Laurentian garnet in subducted rocks from southern Australia
Authors: Brown Dillon A. , Simpson Alexander , Hand Martin , Morrissey Laura J. , Gilbert Sarah , Tamblyn Renée , Glorie Stijn
Published: April 2022

Garnet is a fundamental expression of metamorphism and one of the most important minerals used to constrain the thermal conditions of the crust. We used innovative in situ laser-ablation ICP-MS/MS Lu-Hf geochronology to demonstrate that garnet in metapelitic rocks enclosing Cambrian eclogite in southern Australia formed during Laurentian Mesoproterozoic metamorphism. Garnet porphyroblasts in amphibolite-facies metapelitic rocks yielded Lu-Hf ages between 1286 ± 58 Ma and 1241 ± 16 Ma, revealing a record of older metamorphism that was partially obscured by metamorphic overprinting during ca. 510 Ma Cambrian subduction along the East Gondwana margin. Existing detrital zircon age data indicate the protoliths to the southern Australian metapelitic rocks were sourced from western Laurentia. We propose that the metapelitic rocks of southern Australia represent a fragment of western Laurentian crust, which was separated from Laurentia in the Neoproterozoic and incorporated into the East Gondwana subduction system during the Cambrian. The ability to obtain Lu-Hf isotopic data from garnet at acquisition rates comparable to those for U-Pb analysis of detrital zircon means, for the first time, the metamorphic parentage of rocks as expressed by garnet can be efficiently accessed to assist paleogeographic reconstructions.
Supplemental Material: 830-million-year-old microorganisms in primary fluid inclusions in halite
Authors: Schreder-Gomes Sara I. , al. et
Published: April 2022

Primary fluid inclusions in Browne Formation (central Australia) bedded halite that contain individual microorganisms (Figure S1) and daughter crystals (FigureS2). 
Evaluation of UAS LiDAR data for tree segmentation and diameter estimation in boreal forests using trunk- and crown-based methods
Authors: Kukkonen Mikko , Maltamo Matti , Korhonen Lauri , Packalen Petteri
Published: April 2022

Very high point density laser scanning data from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) can be used to segment the trunks of individual trees. Such segmentation (e.g., individual trunk segmentation (ITS)) is useful, for example, in the estimation of diameter at breast height (DBH), which in turn is needed for the estimation of other tree and stand attributes, such as stem volume and diameter of the basal area median tree (DGM). In this paper, we assess the estimation of DBH directly from UAS LiDAR data in open and closed canopy conditions that represent the range of operational conditions encountered in boreal forests in Finland. We also compare trunk-based DBH estimates to corresponding estimates from individual tree crown segmentation (ITC) and fuse the results from the trunk- and crown-based estimates. The results showed that trunk segmentation performed slightly better than ITC in open canopy areas, whereas ITC performed better in closed canopy areas. The DBH prediction error was smaller for ITS (3.0 cm) than ITC (3.9 cm) when considering the trees that were recognized by both methods. We also conclude that a hybrid method, where both segmented tree trunks and tree crowns are fused, considerably increases the number of correctly segmented trees but does not decrease the prediction error associated with DGM compared to using either ITC or ITS individually.
“From the beginning of time”: The colonial reconfiguration of native habitats and Indigenous resource practices on the British Columbia Coast
Authors: Dick Chief Adam , Sewid-Smith Daisy , Recalma-Clutesi Kim , Deur Douglas , Turner N.J.
Published: April 2022

Indigenous Peoples’ lives, cultures, and values are defined largely by their long-term relationships with the lands, waters, and lifeforms of their territories. Their stories, names, ceremonies, and connections with the plants and animals on which they have depended over countless generations are cornerstones of their knowledge systems, systems of governance and decision-making, traditions of intergenerational knowledge transmission, and values and responsibilities associated with natural and human domains alike. For First Nations of North America’s Northwest Coast, as for many other Indigenous Peoples, the arrival of European newcomers disrupted both the natural world and associated cultural practices in interconnected ways. The industrial exploitation of lands and resources had wide-ranging effects: traditional land and resource appropriation; impacts on culturally significant habitats by industrial-scale fishing, logging, and mining; and discrimination and marginalization contributing to resource alienation. This paper documents some experiences of Kwakwaka’wakw and other Coastal First Nations in coping with the cultural effects of environmental loss. It highlights their concern for the ecological integrity of lands and waters formerly under their stewardship but reshaped by non-Native extractive economies, and describes how these losses have affected the cultural, social, and physical health of Kwakwaka’wakw peoples up to the present time.
Forced Vibration Analysis of Uniform and Stepped Circular Cylindrical Shells with General Boundary Conditions
Authors: Gao Cong , Pang Fuzhen , Li Haichao , Wang Xueren
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the experimental and Jacobi–Ritz method (JRM) have been adopted to analyze the forced vibration analysis of uniform and stepped circular cylindrical shells with general boundary conditions. The simply supported cylindrical shell at both ends is taken as an experimental model, and the free, steady and transient vibration characteristics of structures under hammer and fixed exciter are recorded. The results show that the results of JRM are in sensible agreement with those in experiment. In addition, the results for various boundary conditions, structural parameter are also presented. On this basis, the Newmark-[Formula: see text] integration method is adopted to realize the time domain solutions for transient vibration response, and the frequency domain results can be obtained by using Fourier transformations from time domain results. Finally, the line spectrum vibration response results of the structure are presented under the random excitation load, and the research can supply technical support for the vibration control of cylindrical shell structure.
Metastable polymorphs and luminescence of boehmite-derived alumina doped with divalent europium ions
Authors: Ma Huirong , Zhao Hongyang , Song Yuexin , Liu Shan , Mao Zhiyong , Wang Dajian
Published: April 2022

The control of polymorphism transition of Eu[Formula: see text] ion-doped [Formula: see text]-, [Formula: see text]-, [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-metastable alumina derived from boehmite is demonstrated by the sol–gel method through controlling the doping amount and firing temperature and the resultant luminescent properties are investigated. Nanosized boehmite ([Formula: see text]-AlOOH) particulates in boehmite sol effectively prevent the formation of impurity phases of EuAlO2 and Eu2O3. The polymorphic structures of the induction-fired xerogel samples in weak reductive atmosphere can be held to the room temperature upon cooling down naturally. The luminescence properties of Eu[Formula: see text] ions verify the polymorphic transitions from [Formula: see text]-, [Formula: see text]-, [Formula: see text]- to [Formula: see text]-Al2O3 that are featured with their broad emission peaks positions at 410, 450, 480 and 500 nm, respectively. It is believed that boehmite sol–gel by taking the nanosized [Formula: see text]-AlOOH particulates as seeds assisted the dispersion of precursor constituents and is effective to adjust the onset of polymorphic transition temperatures and luminescence properties.
Knowledge-Enhanced Attributed Multi-Task Learning for Medicine Recommendation
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Wu Xian , Fang Quan , Qian Shengsheng , Xu Changsheng
Published: April 2022

Medicine recommendation systems target to recommend a set of medicines given a set of symptoms which play a crucial role in assisting doctors in their daily clinics. Existing approaches are either rule-based or supervised. However, the former heavily relies on expert labeling, which is time-consuming and costly to collect, and the latter suffers from the data sparse problem. To automate medicine recommendation on sparse data, we propose MedRec, which introduces two graphs in modeling: (1) a knowledge graph connecting diseases, medicines, symptoms, and examinations; (2) an attribute graph connecting medicines via shared attributes and molecular structures. These two graphs enhance the connectivity between symptoms and medicines, which thus alleviate the data sparse problem. By learning the interrelationship between diseases, medicines, symptoms and examinations and the inner relationship within medicine, we can acquire unified embedding representations of symptoms and medicines which can be used in medicine recommendation. The experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods. In addition, we find that these two tasks: learning graph representation and medical recommendation can benefit each other.
Integrating Representation and Interaction for Context-Aware Document Ranking
Authors: Chen Haonan , Dou Zhicheng , Zhu Qiannan , Zuo Xiaochen , Wen Ji-Rong
Published: April 2022

Recent studies show that historical behaviors (such as queries and their clicks) contained in a search session can benefit the ranking performance of subsequent queries in the session. Existing neural context-aware ranking models usually rank documents based on either latent representations of user search behaviors or the word-level interactions between the candidate document and each historical behavior in the search session. However, these two kinds of models both have their own drawbacks. Representation-based models neglect fine-grained information on word-level interactions, whereas interaction-based models suffer from the length restriction of session sequence because of the large cost of word-level interactions. To complement the limitations of these two kinds of models, we propose a unified context-aware document ranking model that takes full advantage of both representation and interaction. Specifically, instead of matching a candidate document with every single historical query in a session, we encode the session history into a latent representation and use this representation to enhance the current query and the candidate document. We then just match the enhanced query and candidate document with several matching components to capture the fine-grained information of word-level interactions. Rich experiments on two public query logs prove the effectiveness and efficiency of our model for leveraging representation and interaction.
WasmAndroid: A Cross-Platform Runtime for Native Programming Languages on Android
Authors: Wen Elliott , Weber Gerald , Nanayakkara Suranga
Published: April 2022

Open source hardware such as RISC-V has been gaining substantial momentum. Recently, they have begun to embrace Google’s Android operating system to leverage its software ecosystem. Despite the encouraging progress, a challenging issue arises: a majority of Android applications are written in native languages and need to be recompiled to target new hardware platforms. Unfortunately, this recompilation process is not scalable because of the explosion of new hardware platforms. To address this issue, we present WasmAndroid, a high-performance cross-platform runtime for native Android applications. With WasmAndroid, developers can compile their source code to WebAssembly, an efficient and portable bytecode format that can be executed everywhere without additional reconfiguration. Developers can also transpile existing application binaries to WebAssembly when source code is not available. WebAssembly’s language model is very different from other common languages. This mismatch leads to many unique implementation challenges. In this article, we provide workable solutions and conduct a thorough system evaluation. We show that WasmAndroid provides acceptable performance to execute native applications in a cross-platform manner.
The impact of obesity on the regulation of muscle blood flow during exercise in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Ratchford Stephen M. , Lee Joshua F. , Bunsawat Kanokwan , Alpenglow Jeremy K. , Zhao Jia , Ma Christy L. , Ryan John J. , Khor Lillian L. , Wray D. Walter
Published: April 2022

Obesity is the primary comorbid condition in HFpEF pathophysiology, but the role of adiposity on the peripheral circulation is not well understood. The present study identified a 30%–40% reduction in forearm blood flow during handgrip exercise, accompanied by a marked elevation in proinflammatory plasma biomarkers, in obese patients with HFpEF compared with their nonobese counterparts. These findings suggest an exaggerated dysregulation in exercising muscle blood flow associated with the obese HFpEF phenotype.
Research on the Dominant and Implicit Integration Mechanism of Mental Health Education in Ideological and Political Education
Authors: Xie Jing
Published: April 2022

In order to improve the effectiveness, this article puts forward a research on the integration mechanism of explicit education and implicit education of psychological education in ideological and political education from the perspective of new media. Starting from the concept, characteristics, and types of new media, from the connotation, characteristics, theory, and practical significance of explicit education and recessive education, and from the perspective of new media, the integration mechanism of explicit education and recessive education in ideological and political education should be promoted. According to the integration principle of explicit education and implicit education in the new media perspective, this paper puts forward the integration strategy of explicit education and implicit education in the new media perspective. By using Marxist philosophy, instillation theory, and four learning theories, the paper uses the subjective sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on a university and puts forward some suggestions for the practical situation. The results show that the integration of explicit and implicit education into ideological and political education from the perspective of new media is effective and feasible, which can effectively improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education, promote the development of ideological and political education in university, and ensure the quality of ideological and political education in university.
Research on the Current Situation of College Students’ Physical Health under the Background of the Integration of Sports and Medicine
Authors: Lyu Zenghui , Hou Yuanyuan , Wang Youwei
Published: April 2022

As a health service model promoted by the “Healthy China 2030” plan, the integration of sports and medicine is of great significance to the reformation of college students’ health management. Research shows that the general low health literacy, unhealthy lifestyle, significant decline in physical fitness, high incidence of subhealth, and prominent mental health problems are common among college students in China. This article comprehensively utilizes the literature data method, logical analysis method, and questionnaire survey method to analyze the health status of college students, the current status of the health management of college students, and outstanding issues and to focus on analyzing the current status of students’ body shape, physical function, and physical fitness indicators. From the perspective of examining, reflecting, and exploring physical and medical integration, it is believed that the construction of students’ physical health issues from the perspective of the development of the integration of sports and medicine is manageable and the interaction of medicine, health, and sports can be promoted. This article discusses the enlightenment of “sports–medicine integration” with school physical education, interprets the connotation of “sports–medicine integration”, and analyzes the development direction of “sports–medicine integration” and physical education. In order to effectively strengthen school physical education work, we proposed to establish the concept of “sports and medical integration” sports health education, specifically the development strategy of school physical education, including promoting “sports integration,” to improve the development of sports education, and establish a teaching service platform, providing ideas and suggestions for the development of national health strategies. In conclusion, colleges and universities should strengthen the construction of sports venues and facilities for physical education, increase students’ enthusiasm for participating in physical exercise, and improve students’ physical fitness.
An Identity-Based Encryption Method for SDN-Enabled Source Routing Systems
Authors: Alzahrani Bander , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf
Published: April 2022

In this study, we consider endpoints communicating over a software-defined networking (SDN)-based architecture using source routing, i.e., packets are routed through a path selected by the packet sender, and we provide a security solution that enforces the selected path. In particular, our solution allows a sender to select the path that a packet should go through using a constant-size cryptographic construction which is referred to as the authenticator. A recipient can examine an authenticator and verify that the received packet has followed the path selected by the sender. Additionally, any intermediate “programmable” switch can verify whether or not it is included in the path of a packet. Our solution can be used even for paths that include multiple recipients (e.g., multicast paths), as well as multiple parallel paths (e.g., multipath transmissions). We implement our solution by leveraging identity-based encryption (IBE), so it can be used by any sender that knows the identifiers of the links that compose the desired path, i.e., information that the sender usually already knows as part of the source routing protocol. Our solution is realistic since it can be implemented over a variety of platforms with tolerable overhead.
Secure and Efficient Data Storage Operations by Using Intelligent Classification Technique and RSA Algorithm in IoT-Based Cloud Computing
Authors: Sajid Faiqa , Hassan Muhammad Abul , Khan Ayaz Ali , Rizwan Muhammad , Kryvinska Natalia , Vincent Karovič , Khan Inam Ullah
Published: April 2022

In mobile cloud services, smartphones may depend on IoT-based cloud infrastructure and information storage tools to conduct technical errands, such as quest, information processing, and combined networks. In addition to traditional finding institutions, the smart IoT-cloud often upgrades the normal impromptu structure by treating mobile devices as corporate hubs, e.g., by identifying institutions. This has many benefits from the start, with several significant problems to be overcome in order to enhance the unwavering consistency of the cloud environment while Internet of things connects and improves decision support system of the entire network. In fact, similar issues apply to monitor loading, resistance, and other security risks in the cloud state. Right now, we are looking at changed arrangement procedures in MATLAB utilizing cardiovascular failure information and afterward protecting that information with the assistance of RSA calculation in mobile cloud. The calculations tried are SVM, RF, DT, NB, and KNN. In the outcome, the order strategies that have the best exactness result to test respiratory failure information will be recommended for use for enormous scope information. Instead, the collected data will be transferred to the mobile cloud for preservation using the RSA encryption algorithm.
Nanocomposites of GO/D‐Mannitol Assisted Thermoelectric Power Generator for Transient Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Jame Lourdu , Perumal Suresh , Moorthy Manojkumar , Kumar Joselin Retna
Published: April 2022

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have received a great attention in the field of renewable energy resources due to their superior ability of converting untapped waste heat into usable electricity. In order to boost the conversion efficiency of TEG and to retrieve the transient heat, this paper demonstrates the role of nanostructured graphite (G) and graphene oxide (GO) decorated phase‐change material (PCM) of D‐mannitol attached with the hot end of commercial thermoelectric module on enhancement of conversion efficiency and power output. Presence of G and GO on the matric of D‐mannitol has been confirmed by powder XRD and FE‐SEM. The open circuit voltage (Voc) and short circuit current (Isc) of TEG attached with PDM, G/PDM, and GO/PDM were recorded for the heating and cooling cycles in the temperature range of 325‐450 K. Particularly, the experimentally measured Voc and Isc of TEG with only PDM are 1.23 V and 90 mA, respectively, for the temperature difference of ΔT ∽ 118 K, whereas the maximum Voc of TEG attached with GO/PDM drawn in presence of an external heater is 4.5 V for ΔT ∽ 118 K. Further, the maximum output power of TEG with GO‐PCM drawn in the heater‐ON and heater‐OFF is 1012.5 mW and 450 mW, respectively.
PySCP: A Multiple-Phase Optimal Control Software Using Sequential Convex Programming
Authors: Zhang Daxi , Zhang Yulin
Published: April 2022

Optimal control problems are common in aerospace engineering. A Python software program called PySCP is described for solving multiple-phase optimal control problems using sequential convex programming methods. By constructing a series of approximated second-order cone programming subproblems, PySCP approaches to the solution of the original optimal control problem in an iterative way. The key components of the software are described in detail, including convexification, discretization, and the adaptive trust region method. The convexification of the first-order differential dynamic equation is implemented using successive linearization. Six discretization methods, including zero-order hold, first-order hold, Runge-Kutta, and three hp pseudospectral collocation methods, are implemented so that different types of optimal control problems can be tackled efficiently. Adaptive trust region method is employed, and robust convergence is achieved. Both free-final-time problem and fixed-final-time problem can be solved by the software. The application of the software is demonstrated on three optimal control problems with varying complexity. PySCP provides researchers a useful toolkit to solve a wide variety of optimal control problems using sequential convex programming.
Two Case Reports of Subacute Thyroiditis after Receiving Vaccine for COVID-19
Authors: Adelmeyer Jan , Goebel Joachim Nils , Kauka Alexander , Kann Peter Herbert
Published: April 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, caused by a coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, has struck the planet with great force. As of December 2019, the virus has made its devasting route across all continents . In January 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) registered over 5.5 million COVID-19 related deaths. Most of these people had suffered from pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome , and in some cases, extensive damage to all organ systems. To get hold of this pandemic, it was vital to find effective vaccines against it. The two vaccine candidates BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer) and ChAdOx1 (University of Oxford and AstraZeneca) offer a high level of protection against COVID-19 by providing immunity due to antibody production against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. In addition to general side effects, immunological side effects such as subacute thyroiditis can follow the vaccination. This transient inflammatory condition of the thyroid gland is characterized with hyperthyroxinemia, inflammation, pain, and tenderness in the thyroid region, as well as an elevation of serum thyroglobulin concentration. There are only a few reports on the occurrence of this disease after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. We present two cases of subacute thyroiditis after vaccination with the vaccines BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 and try to enlighten the problem of immunological phenomena after vaccination. It must be discussed whether cross-reactivity of the spike protein and tissue proteins such as thyroid peroxidase (TPO), an “autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome by adjuvants” (ASIA), or the circulating spike protein itself after vaccination are responsible for the SAT.
Enhancement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Image with Shadow Removal Based on Optimized Retinex Algorithm
Authors: Xi Wenfei , Zuo Xiaoqing , Sangaiah Arun Kumar
Published: April 2022

Images taken by UAVs have shadows due to terrain factors. The image pixel brightness of the shadow areas is compressed, and the information is deficient, which impacts the recognition of image information and thus limits the subsequent image application. Therefore, the shadow removal of the image is crucial. Image enhancement algorithm is capable of improving the whole and partial contrasts of images, highlighting detail information, and removing shadows. Three classical optical image enhancement algorithms are analyzed. The analysis results show that image would be enhanced excessively after the histogram equalization algorithm to the shadow image enhancement. The pixel brightness are compressed by the Mask homogenization algorithm enhancement and uneven brightness in some areas after the enhancement of the traditional Retinex algorithm. Using the Retinex enhancement algorithm, this study proposes a combination algorithm to remove the shadow of the UAV remote sensing image. The proposed algorithm integrates the Retinex algorithm with the two-dimensional (2D) gamma function to remove the brightness colour of the UAV image, so it is capable of removing the shadow area of the UAV image and correcting the uneven darkness attributed to the image enhancement. The acquired UAV image is used to perform the experiment, and it is integrated with the LOG algorithm to extract the enhanced image features. As indicated by the experimental results, the integrated algorithm is proved with better performance to remove the UAV image shadow. The shadow areas of the features cannot be extracted in the original image, but after using the new algorithm to remove the shadow, the ground edge features can be clearly extracted.