bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Laboratory Evaluation of Recycling Agent Treated Plant-Produced Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Zhang Runhua , Sias Jo , Dave Eshan , Hanz Andrew , Reinke Gerald , Wang Zheng
Published: May 2022

Recycling agent (RA) is typically used to restore or rejuvenate the properties of aged asphalt to desired properties. This study was motivated to comprehensively characterize the performance of asphalt mixtures treated with RA. The overarching goal of the research project is to provide guidance to agencies for revising asphalt mixture specifications to include RAs. Ten plant-produced mixtures were evaluated including three control mixtures (with 30 and 40% reclaimed asphalt pavement [RAP]) and seven 40% RAP mixtures treated with different RA products. Mixture testing was conducted with and without laboratory conditioning of loose mixture for 6 h at 135°C. Testing included the mixture Complex Modulus (E*) test for viscoelastic characterization, Direct Tension Cyclic Fatigue test for fatigue performance evaluation, Tensile Strength Ratio test for moisture susceptibility evaluation, and Semi-circular Bending test, Cracking Index Test and Disk-shaped Compact Tension test for mixture cracking and fracture behavior at different temperatures. In addition, the Hamburg Wheel Track Testing was conducted for rutting performance characterization on the unaged mixtures. Results show that addition of different RAs can improve the properties of asphalt mixtures by softening the mixtures with RAP and improving the cracking performance as compared with the control mixtures. However, addition of RA could severely deteriorate the rutting performance of mixtures and increase the moisture susceptibility as compared with the control mixtures. In addition, addition of certain RAs can also decrease the aging resistance of asphalt mixtures, specifically in context of cracking performance.
Experimental investigation of mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of sansevieria roxburghiana /epoxy composite using Taguchi design
Authors: Murugan T , Kumar B Senthil
Published: May 2022

The focus of this research was to study how process parameters including fibre alignment, fibre length, fibre volume percentage and alkali pretreatment affected the mechanical and dynamic mechanical characteristics (DMA) of the sansevieria fibre composite. The nonwoven fabric was produced through the needle punching technique. 18 composite samples have been produced according to L18 Taguchi design. Four different process parameters were considered for investigation, such as fibre length, fibre volume fraction, the concentration of alkali and fibre alignment. Using Design S/ N ratio analysis, the optimized process parameters for achieving maximum tensile, flexural and compression properties of the composite were measured. In the case of DMA analysis, three different parameters have been calculated only for selected samples such as storage modulus, loss modulus and loss factor. Variance analyses were carried out to measure the statistical influence of the process parameters on response. After this, validation of experiments was also done. SEM study was also carried out to understand the damage pattern of the composite sample.
The Need for Stability in Paid Dementia Care: Family Caregiver Perspectives
Authors: Reckrey Jennifer M. , Perez Sasha , Watman Deborah , Ornstein Katherine A. , Russell David , Franzosa Emily
Published: May 2022

Paid caregivers (e.g., home health aides, home care workers) provide essential care to people with dementia living at home; this study explored family caregiver perspectives on the role and impact of paid caregivers in home-based dementia care. We conducted semi-structured interviews with family caregivers ( n = 15) of people with advanced dementia who received long-term paid care at home in New York between October 2020 and December 2020. We found that given the vulnerability resulting from advanced dementia, family caregivers prioritized finding the “right” paid caregivers and valued continuity in the individual providing care. The stable paid care that resulted improved outcomes for both the person with advanced dementia (e.g., eating better) and their family (e.g., ability to work). Those advocating for high quality, person-centered dementia care should partner with policymakers and home care agencies to promote the stability of well-matched paid caregivers for people with advanced dementia living at home.
Teleworking at Different Locations Outside the Office: Consequences for Perceived Performance and the Mediating Role of Autonomy and Work-Life Balance Satisfaction
Authors: Metselaar Samantha Alexandra , den Dulk Laura , Vermeeren Brenda
Published: May 2022

Enhanced communication technologies increasingly allow us to work anytime and anywhere. Many organizations have moved from traditional offices to flexible workplaces in which employees are allowed to vary their work hours and work at different locations both outside and inside the office. So far, findings are inconclusive regarding the effects of teleworking and few studies have examined its use by employees. Our study, which addresses the pre-COVID-19 context, is based on COR theory and explores how employees working in a Dutch public sector organization ( N = 873) use teleworking and what the consequences of this are for individual perceived performance. With respect to teleworking, we focus on time spent working from home and time spent working elsewhere. To test hypotheses, we conducted SEM in AMOS using a two-step approach. Mediation analysis showed that the paths from teleworking to performance via autonomy and work-life balance satisfaction were significant for working from home.
Exploring Pathways to Purpose in Scouts
Authors: Rush Alexandra , Brown Urban Jennifer , Davis William J. , Linver Miriam R.
Published: May 2022

Youth purpose was investigated using a two-phase embedded design with youth participating in Scouts BSA ( N = 3,943), ages 9–20 ( M = 14.0, SD = 1.9). Participating Scouts were mostly White (91%) and male (98%). In Phase 1, we conducted a two-step cluster analysis on Scouts’ survey responses to three purpose dimensions (personal meaning, goal-directedness, beyond-the-self orientation). Four clusters emerged: Purposeful, Explorers, Dreamers, Nonpurposeful. In Phase 2, we explored qualities of purpose within each cluster and programmatic features and relationships within the scouting context fostering youth purpose with a Scout subsample ( N = 30) who completed semi-structured interviews. Results demonstrated that adults supporting scouting, inspiration from older peers, and opportunities to help others and explore new activities supported youth purpose.
Sociopolitical Development as Emotional Work: How Young Organizers Engage Emotions to Support Community Organizing for Transformative Racial Justice
Authors: Fernández Jesica Siham , Watts Roderick J.
Published: May 2022

A theoretical and empirical reflection on the possibilities of broadening sociopolitical development (SPD) to consider how emotional work contributes to the development of a sociopolitical emotional awareness among young organizers resisting racial injustices is discussed. Sociopolitical emotional awareness brings together the intellectual and the emotional through sociopolitical engagement practices of discerning emotions through critical reflection, de/re-centering emotions and anchoring affirming emotions. We observed these practices among young organizers in youth community organizing (YCO) settings where SPD was a priority yet emotional work surfaced as an important component. We offer a conceptual framework for emotional work that extends SPD and is informed by analyses of our interview and fieldnote data of three YCO sites that supported youth in their organizing. Through this work we aim to expand current SPD theorizing, while challenging existing youth development frameworks that overlook the role of emotions in relation to collection action aimed at actualizing transformative racial justice. We conclude with implications and future directions on the significance of emotional work within YCO settings in particular. Moreover, we see emotions as essential to a young organizer’s SPD, inclusive of their efforts toward actualizing equitable, healthy and thriving anti-racist school and community environments.
Austro-Hungarian merchant ships in the United States during the First World War
Authors: Horčička Václav
Published: May 2022

This article examines the fates of Austro-Hungarian merchant ships that were stranded in ports in the United States at the beginning of the First World War. The wider context of the relationship between Austria-Hungary and the United States is also analysed. The article proves the hypothesis that even though there were in fact not that many of these ships in number, they did represent a significant portion of the Austro-Hungarian passenger-liner fleet. The article also analyses the way both governments approached this issue, as well as how the owners themselves reacted with regard to the future of their ships.
Risk Perceptions about Cannabis Use and Receipt of Health-Related Information during Pregnancy
Authors: McKenzie Lara B. , Keim Sarah A. , Klebanoff Mark A.
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

To understand risk perception about cannabis use during pregnancy.

Design:

Mixed -Methods. Setting: Focus groups. Participants: Mothers.

Method:

Focus groups were conducted to learn about person’s experiences with pregnancy, health-related behaviors, perception of risky behaviors (cannabis use), and receipt of health-related information during pregnancy. Participants completed the Electronic Health Literacy Scale, the Single Item Literacy Screener, and questions about whether topics were discussed during their prenatal care. Data were coded and analyzed iteratively for emerging themes. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample.

Results:

Twenty-one persons (mean age = 34.4, 57% African American, 38% White, 5% Multi-racial) participated in 4 focus groups. One-third of the participants used cannabis; 24% used alcohol; and 48% used tobacco during pregnancy. Participant’s perceptions and use of cannabis during pregnancy were shaped by relief from pregnancy-related symptoms, recommendations from health care providers that cannabis is safe, anecdotal stories from friends and family, fear associated with prescription medications, and preference for “natural” remedies. The context of distrust of providers permeated these themes. The sample displayed poor e-health literacy compared to other adult samples.

Conclusion:

Inter-related factors that influence cannabis use among persons who are pregnant should be considered when establishing trust between patients and providers, creating messages for patients about cannabis use during pregnancy, and when implementing interventions to improve provider-patient communication about health risk behaviors.
Prevalence, Severity and Burden of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Black Men and Women Across the Adult Life span
Authors: Jones Audrey L. , Rafferty Jane , Cochran Susan D. , Abelson Jamie , Hanna Matthew R. , Mays Vickie M.
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To examine post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Black adults in younger, middle, and older ages. Methods: Using nationally representative data from the National Survey of American Life, we estimated lifetime and 12-month prevalence of PTSD in Black men and women ages 18–34, 35–49, and 50+. We determined PTSD persistence and severity by age group, then associations of PTSD with socio-economic status, chronic stress, and racial discrimination in middle age. Results: The lifetime prevalence of PTSD was higher in Black women/men ages 18–34 (prevalence=14.0%/6.3%) and 35–49 (12.8%/4.6%) versus 50 and older (8.7%/5.1%). Those ages 35–49 were more likely than younger/older Black adults to have severe interference in work, relationships, and activities domains. In middle age, PTSD was associated with unemployment, lower education, poverty, and stress in Black men, and unemployment, divorce, poverty, stress, and discrimination in Black women. Discussion: Black women experience a disproportionate burden of PTSD in middle age.
Long-Term Effects of Cognitive Training on All-Cause Mortality in US Older Adults
Authors: Rebok George W. , Huang Alison , Smail Emily , Brichko Rostislav , Parisi Jeanine M. , Marsiske Michael , Roth David L. , Thorpe Roland J. , Felix Cynthia , Jones Richard N. , Willis Sherry L.
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Cognitive abilities have been implicated as predictors of mortality in older adults. This study examines the effects of cognitive training on mortality 20 years post-intervention. Methods: Data come from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) randomized control trial (N = 2802). Participants were cognitively and physically healthy, community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate (1) the association between baseline cognition and mortality risk and (2) the effect of ACTIVE cognitive training (memory, reasoning, and speed of processing) on mortality risk 20 years post-intervention. Results: Higher baseline cognition predicted lower mortality risk 20 years post-intervention. No significant effects of ACTIVE cognitive training in memory, reasoning, or speed of processing on mortality risk were observed. Discussion: More work is needed to identify cognitive training interventions that may lead to lower mortality risks in later adulthood.
Quantitative evaluation method of tool wear based on morphological characteristics of machined surfaces
Authors: Li Chao , Xu Jinyang , Chen Ming
Published: May 2022

Tool wear monitoring techniques have been extensively applied in the modern manufacturing sectors to carry out predictive maintenance and to avoid the massive loss induced by sudden downtime. However, the online tool wear detection based on either the machining vibration or the variation of cutting power always encounters the interference caused by the excessive change of workpiece materials or even by the fluctuations of the coolant pressure. In the present work, a rapid half-online tool wear monitoring method based on the standard sample cutting and focus-variation scanning technique (FVST) was designed to quantify the tool wear extents. Invar alloy was used as the standard sample due to its low thermal expansion and ductile machinability. The results show that the texture of the machined surface is determined by the change of the cutting edge, and thus the surface morphologies can be regarded as the index of tool wear. Tool wear condition was revealed and quantified through the assessment models established based on the characteristic parameters including the width/depth of the texture and the surface roughness of the standard sample machined by new and worn tools under the identical cutting conditions. The results show that the tool wear can be revealed efficiently via the help of the surface morphological analysis, and the method is more none-destructive, rapid, and reliable compared with the conventional tool wear monitoring methods. In sum, the quantitative evaluation method of tool wear based on the morphological characteristics of the machined standard sample surfaces is confirmed capable of improving the accuracy and efficiency of tool wear monitoring.
Numerical analysis of the effects of ultrasonic vibrations and elevated temperature in incremental sheet forming
Authors: Sharma Mohit , Gupta Vijay Kumar , Tandon Puneet
Published: May 2022

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is one of the novel processes practised for more than the last decade in the field of sheet metal forming. ISF, although recognised as a promising manufacturing process over conventional forming, does not give good results in terms of geometrical accuracy, sheet thinning, surface finish and the forming forces. To make the ISF process more efficient, strategies to enhance the forming limits and capabilities are constantly being developed. Two such adaptations to the ISF process are ultrasonic vibration-assisted incremental sheet forming (UVaISF) and elevated temperature incremental sheet forming (ET-ISF). In the present work, investigations have been carried out to compare ISF, UVaISF and ET-ISF on 1 mm thick AA1050 and Titanium Grade 2 sheets with the help of numerical simulations using Abaqus/CAE. Response parameters like stress, strain, thickness distribution, the final shape of the geometry, strain energy, energy dissipated during plastic deformation and the forming forces are evaluated to measure the effectiveness of the processes. It is observed that there is a considerable reduction in the forming forces and spring-back with the UVaISF and ET-ISF processes, in comparison to the ISF at room temperature. This considerable reduction in the forming forces and spring-back is due to the softening behaviour of sheet material and the drop in yield strength during UVaISF and ET-ISF processes. The work overcomes some of the limitations of the ISF process and enlarges the scope of application of the process.
Evaluating vaporization heat, thermal performance, and efficiency of a natural draft wet cooling tower
Authors: Song Baohong , Song Yu
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to improve the accuracy of the thermal performance analysis of a natural draft wet cooling tower (NDWCT) and explore the effect factors of the decrease water and energy consumption. In this study, we determined the thermal performance and water loss of the NDWCT under dynamic conditions using mass-balance equations, and obtained water loss from 10.4 kg s−1 to 16.9 kg s−1. The analyzed vaporization heat accounted for 71.5%–86.9% of the total heat flow. Furthermore, the total amount of water discharged exceeded the average standard is 33.06 m3 has been spotted for the first time. Increasing the air-water ratio from 0.38 to 0.77, the cooling efficiency is increased by 44%. The change relationship between water temperature drop, water loss, air enthalpy, and air flow in the tower were discovered and established. The thermal performance analysis model based on water loss and air flow was used, compared with the total heat of the measured data, the maximum deviations were by 4.5% and 1.88%, respectively. The validity of the model was fully verified. These two models were combined with the heat balance equation analysis model based on three variables, which can provide support for optimal operation conditions that the energy savings and water reductions in NDWCTs, and providing convenience and a new reference for thermal performance evaluation, design, and research. Finally, we also proposed the suggestion for improving low efficiency of cooling tower is the most economical operation mode.
Moore’s Paradox and Normative Detachment
Authors: Swaminathan Shivprasad
Published: May 2022

It is paradoxical to make a moral statement and, in the same breath, disavow commitment to it. Following G. E. Moore, who first identified an analogous paradox—albeit, in the case of factual statements and disavowal of belief in them—these are called Moore paradoxical statements. Richard Hare argues that in order to determine whether an ‘ought’ is a moral one, one only needs to examine if this attitudinal adherence necessarily accompanies the judgement in question. If not, Moore paradoxicality hits and the ‘ought’ in question is not a moral ‘ought’. Hare’s test poses a problem for Joseph Raz who argues (along with natural lawyers, despite himself being a self-proclaimed legal positivist) that normative terms such as ‘ought’ have the same meaning in legal and moral statements. Raz, however, acknowledges a dilemma this brings in its wake: It is possible to make legal statements without necessarily endorsing them, which creates a presumption against these being equivalent to moral statements. To tackle the dilemma, Raz challenges the very idea of commitment to normative statements by arguing that it is also possible to make detached moral judgements. This paper argues that Raz’s idea of ‘detached normative statements’ falters in that the purported examples of detached normative statements Raz uses turn out upon closer examination to be non-normative statements using either norm-relative or non-normative ‘oughts’.
Determinants of SDG Reporting by Businesses: A Literature Analysis and Conceptual Model
Authors: Datta Shyamal , Goyal Sonu
Published: May 2022

Despite the increasing adoption of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by organizations since 2015, the literature on SDG disclosure is nascent and no significant effort has been made to collate the outcome of previous studies. In this study, the current state and determinants of SDG reporting have been identified from the literature. Our findings suggest that most studies focused only on large companies from developed countries. Also, there are three categories of determinants that impact SDG reporting. They are firm-level, report-level and regulation-level. Only report-level determinants are in the business’s control and firm and regulation-level determinants are not directly controlled by businesses. Our analysis summarizes key findings in the area of SDG reporting, as well as important theories and contexts used to explain SDG reporting-related phenomena. Finally, a conceptual framework has been proposed to explain the relationship between SDG reporting adoption and determining factors. As research interest is increasing in the SDG reporting area, researchers can benefit from this study while assessing the present state of SDG reporting and formulating future research directions. Industry practitioners can refer to this study for implementing SDG reporting as it helps them to identify relevant determinants.
Financial Distress, COVID-19 and Listed SMEs: A Multi-methodology Approach
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Rastogi Shailesh
Published: May 2022

The multiple phase-wise lockdowns starting 24 March 2020, imposed to control COVID-19 spread in India, put a shrieking halt to industrial activities. Such nationwide lockdowns further exacerbated the financial distress, a long-standing challenge for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In this study, we examine how corporate governance forms like promoters’ ownership, financial performance and market competition affect the distress of listed SMEs, both in the pre-COVID-19 era and during the COVID-19 period. To do so, the study adopts a two-fold sampling and multi-methodology approach. First, by applying panel data analysis on the first sample of 80 listed SMEs for the financial year (FY), FY 2017–2018 to FY 2019–2020, pre-COVID-19 period results are obtained. Second, by applying cross-sectional analysis on the second sample of 155 listed SMEs for FY 2020–2021, results during the COVID-19 period are obtained. Main results indicate that previous years’ distress determines distress in the current year in the pre-COVID-19 era. In addition, promoters’ ownership and return on equity reduce the possibility of distress, while current period competition is insignificant. Conversely, COVID-19 can exacerbate distress and render promoters’ ownership insignificant. Furthermore, the COVID-19 period is characterized by reduced asset utilization. Therefore, any marginal increase in return on assets reduces distress. Interestingly, MC becomes an active determinant of distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. In summary, episodes like COVID-19 can modify the impact behaviour of the aforementioned determinants of distress. Notably, the results highlight the fragility of internal governance forms like ownership effects, while establishing the dominance of external factors like competition during the COVID-19 period.
Building Smart and Sustainable Cities: A Case Study of Dehradun City, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Srivastava Ashish Kumar , Bisht Bhupendra Singh , Uniyal Ram Swaroop
Published: May 2022

Increasing environmental awareness and concern, as well as urbanization and technological development, have together resulted in an urgent need and opportunity to rethink efficient city planning. These interlinked issues of developments have started to converge under the new heading of smart and sustainable cities in India. A citizen-centric city development model becomes imperative for a city having tremendous potential for development. The article also aims to provide a detailed account of the output and outcome base framework of Dehradun smart city information technology initiatives to its core. The digital governance reforms are gaining attention with citizens being in the center of service delivery and sustainable governance.
A Case Study of National Power Limited
Authors: Majumder Abhijit , Ghosh Piyali , Bhongade Ankita
Published: May 2022

National Power Limited (NPL) was a public sector undertaking of the Government of India under the Ministry of Power, having a total generating capacity of 4,860 megawatts of coal-based thermal power. NPL had seven power plants in operation across three states in the northern part of the country, with 8,212 employees.

The case describes an appointment of a non-executive post at a power-generating plant of NPL, which is referred to as the Chandanpur unit. This appointment was made to honour an unprincipled demand by the Minister of Forestry and Environment of the concerned state government. The matter got exposed through a complaint received by the Vigilance Department of NPL. The manager of the coal handling department of the Chandanpur unit had lodged the complaint, mentioning the possibility of anomalies in the appointment.

On verification, it was found out that the executive director of the Chandanpur unit had appointed a person in the highest supervisory post of that unit by flouting all rules and guidelines of recruitment in the organization. Anomalies included not taking approval for upgradation of the offer made initially, interviewing directly without holding any written test and changing the minimum eligibility criterion for the post. All this was a major breach of Article 14 of the Constitution of India, which confers the right to equality to a citizen of India as a fundamental right.

Based upon findings of the investigation report, the culpability established in the irregularity and gross violation of the established rules of NPL, major disciplinary proceedings were initiated against all the involved officials and the appointee. Since it was a criminal case, it was also referred to the Federal Investigating Agency for further investigation and prosecution of the offenders. All NPL executives involved, and the appointee was implicated, though no culpability could be established against the Minister or his confidential assistant.
An Evidence-Based Perspective on The 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Malhi Gin S , Bell Erica , Bassett Darryl , Boyce Philip , Bryant Richard , Hazell Philip , Hopwood Malcolm , Lyndon Bill , Mulder Roger , Porter Richard , Singh Ajeet B , Murray Greg
Published: May 2022

Objective

To rebut the claims made in an opinion piece by Anaf and colleagues regarding the recommendations for psychotherapy within the 2020 RANZCP Mood Disorders Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG).

Conclusions

The CPG attaches importance to psychological interventions and recommends their administration as first-line in the treatment of depression. The concerns raised by Anaf and colleagues have no basis and are readily dismissed by referring to the guidelines. Therefore, we strongly encourage clinicians to formulate their own views by reading the guidelines for themselves.
Team-Based Hospice Referrals: A Potential Quality Metric for Lung Cancer in the Immunotherapy Era
Authors: Lycan Thomas W. , Buckenheimer Alyssa , Ruiz Jimmy , Russell Gregory , Dothard Andy Shipe , Ahmed Tamjeed , Grant Stefan , Grey Carl , Petty William J.
Published: May 2022

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can lead to durable responses in patients with lung cancer but may delay transitions to hospice at the end of life (EOL). We aimed to test the association of continuity of care with EOL outcomes in the ICI era.

Methods

We collected retrospective data on all patients with lung cancer who started ICI treatment at a single comprehensive cancer center in the United States (1/1/14–5/1/18) and subsequently died. We defined a hospice referral as having continuity of care if placed by a provider from the patient’s multidisciplinary cancer team (e.g., a medical oncologist, palliative care specialist, intensivist, and hospitalist).

Results

In this cohort of 143 patients, 58% had a team-based hospice referral which was associated with a lower risk of death in the hospital. The most common reason patients declined hospice at EOL was an unwillingness to discontinue cancer-directed therapy. As compared to a similar historical cohort of patients treated with chemotherapy alone (2008–2010), there was a similar rate of hospice referral (68% vs 74%) but higher rates of new systemic therapy initiated within 30 days of death (17% vs 6%, p .001) and last dose within 14 days of death (13% vs 5%, p .005).

Conclusions

Future studies should test the continuity of care at EOL as a new quality metric for advanced NSCLC.
Instruction in Proportion Word Problems for Secondary Students With Learning Disabilities in Mathematics
Authors: Myers Jonté A. , Witzel Bradley S.
Published: May 2022

Increasing the performance of secondary students with learning disabilities (LD) in mathematics on word problem-solving tasks involving ratios and proportions is challenging for secondary math teachers. Teachers must use evidence-based practices to enhance secondary students’ problem-solving proficiency and math achievement. Schema-based instruction (SBI) is a powerful evidence-based practice to improve students’ understanding and approach to solving word problems involving ratios and proportions. This article describes the protocol for implementing SBI with examples specific to ratios and proportions. Also discussed are the ways teachers can provide additional assistance to students with more intensive instructional needs when implementing SBI.
Addressing Sensory Needs for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Classroom
Authors: Dynia Jaclyn M. , Walton Katherine M. , Sagester Grace M. , Schmidt Elizabeth K. , Tanner Kelly J.
Published: May 2022

Despite substantial comorbidity of sensory dysfunction and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there are few evidence-based sensory interventions for educators to implement in their classrooms. Nonetheless, recent research has found that early childhood educators are frequently implementing sensory strategies in the classroom despite this lack of evidence. This article provides educators with an evidence-informed roadmap for choosing interventions to address sensory needs in children with ASD, and steps for implementing and evaluating the impact of these interventions in their classrooms. Each child with ASD is unique, and therefore it is imperative to work with an occupational therapist to determine the child’s sensory processing needs and tailor interventions to meet these individualized needs.
Parent Coaching in Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Brief Report
Authors: Pellecchia Melanie , Mandell David S. , Beidas Rinad S. , Dunst Carl J. , Tomczuk Liza , Newman Jeannette , Zeigler Lisa , Stahmer Aubyn C.
Published: May 2022

Coaching caregivers of young children on the autism spectrum is a critical component of parent-mediated interventions. Little information is available about how providers implement parent coaching for children on the autism spectrum in publicly funded early intervention systems. This study evaluated providers’ use of parent coaching in an early intervention system. Twenty-five early intervention sessions were coded for fidelity to established caregiver coaching techniques. We found low use of coaching techniques overall, with significant variability in use of coaching across providers. When providers did coach caregivers, they used only a few coaching strategies (e.g., collaboration and in vivo feedback). Results indicate that targeted training and implementation strategies focused on individual coaching components, instead of coaching more broadly, may be needed to improve the use of individual coaching strategies. A focus on strengthening the use of collaboration and in vivo feedback may be key to improving coaching fidelity overall.
Managerial Pay Raise and Promotion Decisions for Workers with I-deals
Authors: Tomprou Maria , Simosi Maria , Rousseau Denise M.
Published: May 2022

Managers use idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) to motivate and retain employees. Yet we know little about the subsequent effects i-deals have on decisions about pay raises and promotions. Two studies investigate how managers make pay raise and promotion decisions for workers with i-deals. Using a policy-capturing design, managers ( N = 116) made pay raise and promotion allocations for workers presented as good performers, based on information provided regarding whether and what type of i-deal workers had and the extent to which they helped peers. Developmental i-deal recipients tend to be recommended for both pay raises and promotions, while such recommendations are less likely for employees with flextime i-deals (for promotions) or reduced workload i-deals (for promotions and pay raises). In addition, workers with i-deals who help their peers are viewed more favorably in both decisions. The second study surveyed managers ( N = 174) regarding their actual subordinates ( N = 806), both controlled for the manager’s rating of subordinate performance. It supports the positive effect of developmental i-deals on pay and promotion decisions, but not the negative effects of flextime and reduced workload i-deals. Helping effects depend on the i-deal: Managers report that unhelpful recipients of developmental i-deals are less likely to be promoted than those with such i-deals who help their peers; unhelpful recipients of reduced workload i-deals are less likely to get pay raises than those with such deals who help. We discuss the implications of our findings for future research and career management.
The Flexible Regulation of Emotional Expression Scale for Youth (FREE-Y): Adaptation and Validation Across a Varied Sample of Children and Adolescents
Authors: Haag Ann-Christin , Cha Christine B. , Noll Jennie G. , Gee Dylan G. , Shenk Chad E. , Schreier Hannah M. C. , Heim Christine M. , Shalev Idan , Rose Emma J. , Jorgensen Alana , Bonanno George A.
Published: May 2022

Flexible self-regulation has been shown to be an adaptive ability. This study adapted and validated the adult Flexible Regulation of Emotional Expression (FREE) Scale for use with youth (FREE-Y) in community and maltreatment samples. The FREE-Y measures the ability to flexibly enhance and suppress emotion expression across an array of hypothetical social scenarios. Participants ( N = 654, 8–19 years) were included from three studies. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed a theoretically appropriate higher order factor structure. Using multiple-group CFAs, measurement invariance was achieved across maltreatment status, age, and gender. Reliabilities were adequate and construct validity was demonstrated through associations with measures of emotion regulation, psychopathology, IQ, and executive functioning. Group comparisons indicated lower Suppression and Flexibility scores for maltreated versus comparison participants. Findings suggest that the FREE-Y is a valid measure of expressive regulation ability in youth that can be applied across a range of populations.
An innovative semi-active pendulum tuned mass damper and its application in vibration control
Authors: Maddah Sadatieh Maryam Sadat , Ghorbani-Tanha Amir K
Published: May 2022

An innovative Semi-Active Pendulum Tuned Mass Damper (SAPTMD) with variable frequency is introduced in this paper. The SAPTMD consists of two identical pendulum systems, each consisting of a pendulum and two springs attached to the pendulum mass. The pendulums are mounted on two boxes that can rotate symmetrically around the horizontal shafts that pass through them. Due to the change in inclination of the pendulum systems and, consequently, the orientation of the oscillating pendulums, the frequency of the proposed system can change within a predefined range. Besides, the need for less height for installation is another advantage of the SAPTMD over the conventional pendulum tuned mass dampers. In order to show the efficiency of the SAPTMD, it is attached to a single degree of freedom primary system excited similar to excitation due to an unbalanced rotating machinery during its start-up period. The SAPTMD’s performance is compared with a classical tuned mass damper. As it is shown, the response of the primary system is reduced noticeably. Furthermore, the performance of the system is improved by utilizing a fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller.
Time-varying disturbance observer based on sliding-mode observer and double phases fixed-time sliding mode control for a T-S fuzzy micro-electro-mechanical system gyroscope
Authors: Giap Van Nam , Nguyen Quang Dich , Trung Nguyen Kien , Huang Shyh-Chour
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes a new disturbance observer concept based on the information of the estimated and measured signals for a micro-electro-mechanical system. First, the sliding-mode observer based on the linear matrix inequality was designed to estimate the states of a micro-electro-mechanical system gyroscope. Second, a new disturbance observer was proposed for estimating perturbations of the T-S fuzzy micro-electro-mechanical system gyroscope. Third, the double phase’s fixed-time sliding-mode control was designed to control the positions and velocities of the MEMS system. The proposed disturbance observer input signals were taken into account from the measured and estimated signals. Two cases of high magnitudes and high frequencies disturbances were used to test the power of the proposed disturbance observer. Fourth, the Lyapunov condition was used to verify the corrections of the proposed controller and observer. Finally, the simulation by using MATLAB software was used to show the power of the proposed methods. The achievements of the small reaching-time, small tracking error, and stable steady-states under the vibration form outside of the system.
Imaging method of interfacial anomalies in layered structures
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Li Bing , Pang Fanghao , Zhang Yunfei
Published: May 2022

Layered structures are progressively critical to several fields like aerospace, pipeline transportation, and petrochemical engineering. However, the anomalies located on the interfaces between the layers are troublesome yet problematic to image through traditional non-destructive evaluation methods. This study presented an imaging method utilizing interface waves and visualized the interfacial anomalies in layered structures. The paper first derived and solved the dispersion equations of a layered plate. The wave structure of the interface waves and their interaction mechanisms with interfacial anomalies make them inherently sensitive to interfacial anomalies. Moreover, the interface wave modes are non-dispersive at high frequencies, causing macroscopic differences between the signals with or without abnormal features. On that basis, correlation analysis and probabilistic reconstruction formed the imaging algorithm in this work. Lastly, the experimental system was tested on two different layered metal plates. The results show that the system can precisely depict interfacial anomalies of different shapes. Especially for the circular anomalies, the produced images coincide with the pre-manufactured defects with relatively minor errors of location and area.
Synchronous Home-Based Telemedicine for Primary Care: A Review
Authors: Lindenfeld Zoe , Berry Carolyn , Albert Stephanie , Massar Rachel , Shelley Donna , Kwok Lorraine , Fennelly Kayla , Chang Ji Eun
Published: May 2022

Synchronous home-based telemedicine for primary care experienced growth during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. A review was conducted on the evidence reporting on the feasibility of synchronous telemedicine implementation within primary care, barriers and facilitators to implementation and use, patient characteristics associated with use or nonuse, and quality and cost/revenue-related outcomes. Initial database searches yielded 1,527 articles, of which 22 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Synchronous telemedicine was considered appropriate for visits not requiring a physical examination. Benefits included decreased travel and wait times, and improved access to care. For certain services, visit quality was comparable to in-person care, and patient and provider satisfaction was high. Facilitators included proper technology, training, and reimbursement policies that created payment parity between telemedicine and in-person care. Barriers included technological issues, such as low technical literacy and poor internet connectivity among certain patient populations, and communication barriers for patients requiring translators or additional resources to communicate.
Managing Romantic and Sexual Feelings Towards Clients in the Psychotherapy Room in Flanders (Belgium)
Authors: Vesentini Lara , Van Puyenbroeck Hubert , De Wachter Dirk , Matthys Frieda , Bilsen Johan
Published: May 2022

It is important that therapists manage adequately their romantic and sexual feelings toward clients as it can negatively affect the psychotherapeutic relationship and may even pose a risk of sexual abuse. This study explores how psychotherapists in Flanders (Belgium) manage such feelings, by conducting both a survey (using 105 of 786 respondents for analyses, as they reported romantic feelings) and focus groups (with a total of 36 participants). Results show that most therapists never consider starting a romantic relationship with a client. They reflect profoundly on their feelings, dwell on possible consequences, while maintaining strict boundaries. Although therapists themselves highly recommend referring the client to a colleague if feelings become too intense, this rarely happens in practice. Most therapists consider talking about their romantic and sexual feelings towards clients as something very important, but only a third have disclosed their feelings in supervision, peer-supervision, or in personal therapy. Therapists indicate there is still hesitance about this due to fear of condemnation.
Neural Activity and Emotion Socialization as Predictors of Later Emotion Regulation Difficulties in Children With and Without Hyperactivity/Impulsivity
Authors: Gair Shannon L. , Brown Hallie R. , Breaux Rosanna , Lugo-Candelas Claudia I. , McDermott Jennifer M. , Harvey Elizabeth A.
Published: May 2022

Objective:

This study examined emotion socialization and neural activity during frustration as predictors of emotion regulation (ER) difficulties, and the interplay of emotion socialization and neural activity, in children with and without hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I).

Method:

At Time 1, neural activity (P1, N2, P3) during a frustration task, H/I symptoms, and emotion socialization were assessed in 68 children (aged 4–7 years old). At Time 2 (1.5–2 years later), child-report, maternal-report, and observation measures of ER difficulties were assessed.

Results:

H/I symptoms moderated the relation between predictors and ER difficulties; there were significant relations for children with high, but not low, levels of H/I. Further, as emotion socialization quality increased, relations between event-related potentials and later ER difficulties became weaker.

Conclusion:

The processes underlying ER difficulties differ for children with H/I symptoms. High quality emotion socialization may have a protective effect for children whose neural patterns indicate risk for later ER difficulties.
Safety Assessment of Bovine Milk Proteins and Protein Derivatives as Used in Cosmetics
Authors: Burnett Christina L. , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Belsito Donald V. , Hill Ronald A. , Klaassen Curtis D. , Liebler Daniel C. , Marks James G. , Shank Ronald C. , Slaga Thomas J. , Snyder Paul W. , Heldreth Bart
Published: May 2022

The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) reviewed the safety of 16 bovine milk proteins and protein-derived ingredients, which function mainly as skin and hair conditioning agents in personal care products. The Panel reviewed relevant data provided in this safety assessment, and concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration.
Gastric Antral Mucosal Changes in Children With Intestinal Metaplasia
Authors: Li Geling , Kelly David R. , Mroczek-Musulman Elizabeth , Wang Kai , Council Leona , Zhao Lei
Published: May 2022

Objectives: The gastric mucosal change accompanying gastric antral intestinal metaplasia (IM) in the pediatric population and its clinical implications remain unclear. Methods: We retrieved all patients younger than 18 years who had upper GI endoscopy with a pathology diagnosis of antral IM between 2009 and 2020. Each biopsy was evaluated for the presence of dysplasia, Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, and other pathologic changes. Results: A total of 134 patients with antral IM were identified; 72 (53.7%) with coexisting pathology including chronic gastritis (n = 22), reactive gastropathy (n = 16), focal mild chronic inflammation (n = 13), gastric eosinophilia (n = 9), chronic active gastritis associated with (n = 2) and without Helicobacter infection (n = 3), and others (n = 7). The remaining 62 (46.3%) showed isolated IM. Gastric IM increased with age, and was often accompanied by other pathologic changes, especially in female children. Twenty-seven patients had follow up biopsies; 11 of the 27 patients (40.7%) showed persistent IM in at least one repeat biopsies. None demonstrated dysplasia. Conclusions: In children, antral IM increases with age and often coexists with other pathologic changes. Gastric IM could persist for at least months to years in a significant subset of patients with chronic gastritis and gastric eosinophilia.
Characterization of post-transfusion anti-FEA 1 alloantibodies in transfusion-naive FEA 1-negative cats
Authors: Cannavino Alyssa , LeVine Dana , Blais Marie-Claude
Published: May 2022

Objectives

The aim of this study was to characterize anti-feline erythrocyte antigen (FEA) 1 alloantibodies following sensitization of FEA 1-negative cats, including their rate of appearance, agglutination titer over time and immunoglobulin class. A secondary aim was to obtain polyclonal anti-FEA 1 alloantibodies to increase the availability of FEA 1 blood typing. We also describe a case study documenting an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction in a transfusion-naive FEA 1-negative feline patient that received FEA 1-positive blood.

Methods

In this prospective clinical study, 35 cats with blood group type A underwent extensive blood typing for FEA 1–5. Two cats were identified as FEA 1-negative; these cats were transfused uneventfully with 50 ml of FEA 1-positive, but otherwise compatible, packed red blood cells. Post-transfusion blood samples were collected routinely as long as anti-FEA 1 alloantibodies were detected. Appearance of anti-FEA 1 alloantibodies was detected using a gel column crossmatch method.

Results

Anti-FEA 1 alloantibodies were detected as early as 5 days post-transfusion and remained detectable for over 400 days in one cat. Agglutination titers in both cats were relatively weak (1:1 to 1:8). The main immunoglobulin class was IgM.

Conclusions and relevance

Transfusion of FEA 1-negative, transfusion-naive cats with FEA 1-positive blood results in production of post-transfusion anti-FEA 1 alloantibodies as early as 5 days post-transfusion. Our results confirm the potential immunogenicity of FEA 1 and support crossmatching prior to a blood transfusion, even in transfusion-naive cats. Further studies are needed to better document the clinical importance of these post-transfusion antibodies, as well as to facilitate routine blood typing for the FEA 1 antigen in cats.