bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF FACE RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGIES IN CONTROL AND ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, MARENKOV ALEXANDER N. , KUZNETSOVA VALENTINA YU. ,   Astrakhan State University, GELAGAEV TIMUR M. ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: July 2021

The article shows the relevance of the widespread use of computer vision technology on the example of face recognition as part of the access control and management system. The main methods that are used in the implementation of classical control systems and access control are considered. The scheme for the implementation of the access control with face recognition technology is described. The use of this technology makes it possible to increase the level of information security of enterprises and, as a result, reduce the possible financial damage from the implementation of attacks on their assets from illegitimate penetration into the protected area through the access control system using the passes of legal users.
CASPIAN GEOPOLITICAL SPACE IN THE REGIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, MARKELOV K.A.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the features of the current state and development of the Caspian geopolitical space, which is known as "Greater Caspian Region". The uniqueness of the natural complex is distinguished by the unity of the Caspian ecosystem, biological diversity, and inexhaustible recreational opportunities. The natural resource and capacities in transportation and communication links of the region represent the Great Caspian Sea as one of "the world's largest oil and gas hydrocarbon deposits" (Hoagland, 2019, p. 10-11). As a special geopolitical and economic space, the Caspian Sea is also united by a long shared history, culture and identity of the peoples who lived within the territory. (Romanova, 2012). "Greater Caspian Region" or "the Central Region of Eurasia", through which new models of international relations is constructed between the world leaders in this area, takes a new look at the Eurasian space and allows to describe the region through modern science paradigm considering the latest geopolitical developments and interdisciplinary research. Under the emergence of new world economic order, the Caspian Sea can be represented as an "island of interfacing worlds" - "East and West", as a geopolitical space that attracts the world's leading players and where a new multipolar world order that is based on the "rift" of the technological and world economic structures develops (Markelov, Golovina, 2020, p.16). This paper studies a set of basic aspects of a new approach to assessing the Caspian region, establishing its current geopolitical and geo-economic positions, as well as promising areas for strategic research and development. The object of this study is the geopolitical concept of the " Greater Caspian Region", the subject is the problems of: The Greater Caspian Sea; Eurasia; space; security; development strategy; geopolitics; the new world economic order. The objective of this research is to create an integrated analytical security system in the Caspian region that takes into account political and geographical factors, in their relation to economy, environment and information flows.
SEMIOTICS IN THE WRAPPERS (CHADORSAHB) OF “TONEKABON” REGION UP TO “RUDSAR”
Authors:   University of Tehran, MASHAYEKHI PARGOL
Published: July 2021

Wrapper weaving is an ancient art in the regions of East Guilan and West Mazandaran, in which the motifs used in it are woven according to the culture and customs of the people of these regions, which has made this feature unique in the wrapper. In this article, in addition to expressing the cultural aspects of the themes, an attempt has been made to study the visual diversity of the drawings along with its special feature in the wrapper.The hypothesis that is proven here is that the patterns characterize the simple way of thinking that is derived from nature and the environment around them.The research method is descriptive-analytical with field and library studies and is indepth.In general, the results indicate that the drawings used in the wrapper are inspired by the environment of the weavers and by the tools of the wrapper art itself.Also, the culture of symbols and signs in the art of wrapper weaving can be matched with the culture and traditions of other regions;This means that symbols and signs have a function beyond the clime of any region and can cover a large part of a land.Wrapper motifs in all weaves of the study, show the following of specific patterns along with symmetry, order and rhythm. Research method in the present study was done using the library and field methods.
A NEW WORD IN THE SECURITY OF RUSSIAN REPUBLIC: THE QUESTION OF THE COSSACK ARMY ORGANIZATION IN AUGUST - SEPTEMBER, 1917
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, OLEINIKOV ALEXEY V.
Published: July 2021

The objective of the article is to examine projects aimed at strengthening the security of Russia through the formation of a Cossack (cavalry) army. A similar operational and strategic association owes its practical origin to the Soviet Republic; the Whites also had corresponding projects (in particular, those of P.N. Wrangel). The author of the article managed to establish the fact that projects of creation of such formations existed much earlier, in August - September, 1917, and their realization would not only provide safety of the Russian republic, but also would influence the combat effectiveness of the Russian active army and prospects of the final stage of Russia's participation in the World War I. This determines the scientific novelty of the research. The objectives of the article are to analyze the projects of the formation of the Cossack army of the Russian Republic in the summer-autumn of 1917, as well as the reform of the Cossack cavalry, its division into army and strategic cavalry. After the corresponding reform, the Cossack cavalry (including all 3 Astrakhan Cossack regiments) became the most important operational and strategic tool and reserve of the Russian active army at the final stage of World War I. The article is based on previously unpublished archival documents extracted from the archives of the Russian State Military Historical Archive (RGVIA). Research methods: archive study, historico-comparative analysis and historico-systemic analysis.
Preparation and Optimization of Controlled Release Nanoparticles Containing Cefixime Using Central Composite Design: An Attempt to Enrich
Its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Ebrahimnejad Pedram , Mahjoub Mohammad Ali , Shahlaee Fatemeh , Ebrahimi Pouneh , Sadeghi-Ghadi Zaynab
Published: July 2021

Background:

Due to the increased resistance against existing antibiotics, research is essential
to discover new and alternative ways to control infections induced by resistant pathogens.

Objective:

The goal of the current scrutinization was to enrich the dissolution rate and antibacterial
property of cefixime (CEF) orally.

Methods:

To achieve the desired results, chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) containing CEF were fabricated
using the ionic gelation method. Central Composite design has been applied to get the optimal
formulation for the delivery of CEF. The effect of three variables, such as the concentration of
chitosan, tripolyphosphate, and tween 80, on the characteristics of NPs was evaluated.

Results:

The optimized NPs involved a relatively monodispersed size distribution with an average
diameter of 193 nm and a zeta potential of about 11 mV. The scanning tunneling microscope confirmed
the size of NPs. The surface morphology of NPs was observed by scanning electron microscopy.
The calorimetric analysis indicated the amorphous state of cefixime in the formulation. The
dissolution rate of NPs in aqueous media was acceptable and the model of release kinetics for CEF
from NPs followed the Peppas model. The potency of CEF in NPs against various types of bacteria
was hopefully efficient. The ex-vivo release study demonstrated higher penetration of NPs from the
rat intestine compared to free drug. The cell culture study showed the safety of the optimized formulation.

Conclusion:

Chitosan NPs could be considered a significant system for the controlled delivery of
CEF due to its antibacterial effectiveness.
Exploring Targets of Cell Wall Protein Synthesis and Overexpression Mediated Drug Resistance for the Discovery of Potential M. tb Inhibitors
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Saxena Anil Kumar
Published: July 2021

:

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease engulfing millions of lives worldwide; it is caused by
mammalian tubercle bacilli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which may consist of strains viz.
M. tuberculosis hominis (human strain), M. microti, M. pinnipedii and M. canettii. The other pathogenic
strain is M. africanum, which belongs to the M. tuberculosis complex and it is fully virulent for
humans. The non-pathogenic strains in the complex may include M. fortuitum and M.smegmatis.
Extensive research has been carried out to combat this dangerous disease. World Health Organization
proposed Directly Observed Treatment Short-course regimen (DOTS) for the eradication of TB. In
addition, the compounds such as TBA-7371, TBI-166, AZD5847 and PBTZ-169 are under clinical
trials whereas the recently FDA-approved anti-tubercular drugs are Pretomanid (PA-824), Bedaquiline
(TMC207), Linezolid (PNU-100480) and Delamanid (OPC-67683). The early detection of mycobacterium
tuberculosis can be permanently cured by DOTS comprising Pyrazinamide (Z), Isoniazid
(H), Rifampin (R) and Ethambutol (E). The duration of treatment depends on the viability of the disease.
DOTS can target to disrupt the biosynthesis of mycobacterial cell wall proteins expressed by
various genes. Overexpression of these genes may produce drug-resistant due to dose misuse or the
intake of quality compromised anti-tubercular drug regimen. Therefore, in the present review, there
has been a necessity to report the second line anti-tubercular chemotherapeutics to target various proteins
which are the building blocks of M. tb cell wall, overexpression of which may produce drug
resistance.
The Safety and Efficacy of Botanicals with Nootropic Effects
Authors: Roe Amy L. , Venkataraman Arvind
Published: July 2021

Recent estimates for the global brain health supplement category, i.e. nootropic market
size, will grow to nearly $5.8 billion by 2023. Overall, nearly one-quarter (23%) of adults currently
take a supplement to maintain or improve brain health or delay and reverse dementia. Not surprisingly,
the use of such supplements increases with age - more than one-third of the oldest generation
(ages 74 and older) takes a supplement for brain health. This widespread use is being driven by a
strong desire both in the younger and older generations to enhance cognitive performance and
achieve healthy aging. The most prevalent botanicals currently dominating the nootropic marketplace
include Gingko biloba, American ginseng, and Bacopa monnieri. However, other botanicals
that affect stress, focus, attention, and sleep have also been procured by dietary supplement companies
developing products for improving both, short and long-term brain health. This review focuses
on efficacy data for neuroactive botanicals targeted at improving cognitive function, stress reduction,
memory, mood, attention, concentration, focus, and alertness, including Bacopa monnieri,
Ginkgo biloba, Holy basil, American ginseng, Gotu kola, Lemon balm, Common and Spanish sages
and spearmint. Botanicals are discussed in terms of available clinical efficacy data and current
safety profiles. Data gaps are highlighted for both efficacy and safety to bring attention to unmet
needs and future research.
Feasibility and Acceptability of Instructions of Daily Care in Overweight and Obese Knee Osteoarthritis Participants
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad T. , Hamid Mohamad S.A. , Hafiz Eliza , Chaudhary Farid A. , Khan Muhammad I.
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a weight-bearing joint disease and is more
common in overweight and obese persons. The objective of the study was to assess the feasibility
and acceptability of Instructions of Daily Care (IDC) on pain, mobility, and Body Mass Index
(BMI) among knee OA participants who are overweight or obese.

Material and Method:

The study was an open-label randomized controlled trial of six weeks.
Forty overweight and obese participants with knee OA were randomly divided into two groups by
a computer-generated number. The participants in the Instruction Group (IG) were provided with
leaflets explaining IDC for the duration of six weeks. Both groups were instructed to take low doses
of the non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) on alternate days. The outcome measures
were pain, mobility and BMI. The feasibility and acceptability of knee pain and mobility were assessed
using a questionnaire designed by experts in rehabilitation.

Results:

Participants in the IG reported more statistically significant pain relief as assessed by the
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score (p=0.001) and improvement
in mobility (p=0.000) assessed by the Timed Up and Go test score after six weeks compared
to the Control Group (CG). Both groups did not demonstrate any significant change in BMI (p-value
> 0.05). The results of descriptive statistics showed a significantly higher satisfaction score for
participants who received a combination of IDC and NSAIDs, indicating an acceptable intervention.

Conclusion:

The IDC is effective and acceptable in terms of improving pain and mobility and
should be recommended as the usual care of treatment.
Identification of Potential Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Drug Repurposing Study
Authors: Zulfiqar Hasan , Dao Fu-Ying , Lv Hao , Yang Hui , Zhou Peng , Chen Wei , Lin Hao
Published: July 2021

Background:

SARS-Cov-2 is a newly emerged coronavirus and causes a severe type of
pneumonia in the host organism. So, it is an urgent need to find some inhibitors against SARS-Cov-2.
Therefore, drug repurposing study is an effective strategy for treating pneumonia to find the inhibitors
of SARS-Cov-2 proteins.

Method:

For this purpose, a library of 2500 verified drug chemical compounds was generated and the
compounds were docked against Nucleocapsid, Membrane and Envelope protein structures of SARSCov-
2 to determine the binding affinity of the chemical compounds against targeting binding pockets.
Moreover, cheminformatics properties and ADMET of these compounds were assessed to find the druglikeness
behavior of compounds. The chemical compounds with the lowest S-score were identified as
potential inhibitors.

Results:

Our findings showed that the compound ids 1212, 1019 and 1992 could interact inside the active
sites of membrane protein, nucleocapsid protein and envelope protein.

Conclusion:

This in silico knowledge will be helpful for the design of novel, safe and less expensive
drugs against the SARS-Cov-2.
Prediction Model of Thermophilic Protein Based on Stacking Method
Authors: Wang Xian-Fang , Lu Fan , Du Zhi-Yong , Li Qi-Meng
Published: July 2021

Background:

Through the in-depth study of the thermophilic protein heat resistance principle,
it is of great significance for people to deeply understand the folding, structure, function, and the
evolution of proteins, and the directed design and modification of protein molecules in protein processing.

Objective:

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy and low efficiency of thermophilic protein prediction,
a thermophilic protein prediction model based on the Stacking method is proposed.

Methods:

Based on the idea of Stacking, this paper uses five features extraction methods, including
amino acid composition, g-gap dipeptide, encoding based on grouped weight, entropy density, and autocorrelation
coefficient to characterize protein sequences for the selected standard data set. Then, the
SVM based on the Gaussian kernel function is used to design the classification prediction model; by
taking the prediction results of the five methods as the second layer input, the logistic regression model
is used to integrate the experimental results to build a thermophilic protein prediction model based on
the Stacking method.

Results:

The accuracy of the proposed method was found up to 93.75% when verified by the Jackknife
method, and a number of performance evaluation indexes were observed to be higher than those of other
models, and the overall performance better than that of most of the reported methods.

Conclusion:

The model presented in this paper has shown strong robustness and can significantly improve
the prediction performance of thermophilic proteins.
PathDriver: Cancer Driver Genes Identification Based on the Metabolic Pathway
Authors: Peng Xianghua , Liu Fang , Liu Ping , Li Xing , Lu Xinguo
Published: July 2021

Aim:

In exploiting cancer initialization and progression, a great challenge is to identify the
driver genes.

Background:

With advances in Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies, the identification of
specific oncogenic genes has emerged through integrating multi-omics data. Although the existing
computational models have identified many common driver genes, they rely on individual regulatory
mechanisms or independent copy number variants, ignoring the dynamic function of genes in pathways
and networks.

Objective:

The molecular metabolic pathway is a critical biological process in tumor initiation, progression
and maintenance. Establishing the role of genes in pathways and networks helps to describe their
functional roles under physiological and pathological conditions at multiple levels.

Methods:

We present a metabolic pathway based driver genes identification (pathDriver) to distinguish
different cancer types/subtypes. In pathDriver, combined with protein-protein interaction network, the
metabolic pathway is utilized to construct the pathway network. Then, the Interaction Frequency (IF)
and Inverse Pathway Frequency (IPF) are used to evaluate the collaborative impact factor of genes in
the pathway network. Finally, the cancer-specific driver genes are identified by calculating the scores of
edges connected to genes in the pathway network.

Results:

We applied it to 16 kinds of TCGA cancers for pan-cancer analysis.

Connclusion:

The driving pathway identified biologically significant known cancer genes and the potential
new candidate genes.
Improved Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimizer with Sine-Cosine Acceleration
Coefficients for Transient Electromagnetic Inversion
Authors: Li Ruiheng , Zhuang Qiong , Yu Nian , Li Ruiyou , Zhang Huaiqing
Published: July 2021

Background:

Recently, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been increasingly used in
geophysics due to its simple operation and fast convergence.

Objective:

However, PSO lacks population diversity and may fall to local optima. Hence, an Improved
Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimizer with Sine-Cosine Acceleration Coefficients (IH-PSO-SCAC) is proposed
and successfully applied to test functions in Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) nonlinear inversion.

Method:

A reverse learning strategy is applied to optimize population initialization. The sine-cosine
acceleration coefficients are utilized for global convergence. Sine mapping is adopted to enhance population
diversity during the search process. In addition, the mutation method is used to reduce the probability
of premature convergence.

Results:

The application of IH-PSO-SCAC in the test functions and several simple layered models are
demonstrated with satisfactory results in terms of data fit. Two inversions have been carried out to test
our algorithm. The first model contains an underground low-resistivity anomaly body and the second
model utilized measured data from a profile of the Xishan landslide in Sichuan Province. In both cases,
resistivity profiles are obtained, and the inverse problem is solved for verification.

Conclusion:

The results show that the IH-PSO-SCAC algorithm is practical, can be effectively applied
in TEM inversion and is superior to other representative algorithms in terms of stability and accuracy.
Induction of Apoptosis and Autophagy by Ternary Copper Complex Towards Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Lee Zheng Yang , Leong Chee Hong , Lim Krystal U. Ling , Wong Christopher Chun Sing , Pongtheerawan Pornwasu , Arikrishnan Sathiavani A. , Tan Kian Leong , Loh Jian Sheng , Low May Lee , How Chee Wun , Ong Yong Sze , Tor Yin Sim , Foo Jhi Biau
Published: July 2021

Background:

Copper complex has been gaining much attention in anticancer research as a targeted agent
since cancer cells uptake more copper than non-cancerous cells. Our group synthesised a ternary copper complex,
which is composed of 1,10-phenanthroline and tyrosine [Cu(phen)(L-tyr)Cl].3H20. These two payloads have been
designed to cleave DNA and inhibit protein degradation system (proteasome) concurrently in cancer cells, making this
copper complex a dual-target compound.

Objective:

The current study was carried out to investigate the mode of cell death and the role of autophagy induced by
[Cu(phen)(L-tyr)Cl].3H20 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

Methods:

Growth inhibition of [Cu(phen)(L-tyr)Cl].3H20 towards MDA-MB-231 and human non-cancerous MCF10A
breast cells was determined by MTT assay. Annexin-V-FITC/PI and cell cycle analysis were evaluated by flow cytometry.
The expression of p53, Bax, caspase-9, caspase-7, caspase-3 and LC3 was determined using western blot
analysis. The cells were then co-treated with hydroxychloroquine to ascertain the role of autophagy induced by
[Cu(phen)(L-tyr)Cl].3H20.

Results:

[Cu(phen)(L-tyr)Cl].3H20 inhibited the growth of cancer cells dose-dependently with less toxicity towards
MCF10A cells. Additionally, [Cu(phen)(L-tyr)Cl].3H20 induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest towards MCF-7 and
MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells possibly via regulation of p53, Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3 and capase-7. The expression
of LC3II was upregulated in both cancer cell lines upon treatment with [Cu(phen)(L-tyr) Cl].3H20, indicating the
induction of autophagy. Co-treatment with autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine significantly enhanced growth
inhibition of both cell lines, suggesting that autophagy induced by [Cu(phen)(L-tyr) Cl].3H20 in both breast cancer
cells promoted cell survival.

Conclusion:

[Cu(phen)(L-tyr)Cl].3H20 holds great potential to be developed for breast cancer treatment.
Smoking is Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression through Inducing Distinguishing lncRNA Alterations in Different Genders
Authors: Cheng Zhenshun , Liu Bing , Liu Yuan , Zou Jingfeng , Zou Menglin
Published: July 2021

Background:

Smoking participates in pathogenesis of lung cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play
some specific roles during development of lung cancers.

Objective:

To investigate effects of smoking on lncRNA alterations in lung cancer.

Methods:

There are 522 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and 504 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) participants.
Clinical and lncRNA genetic data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. LncRNA
alterations were analyzed in lung cancer patients. Smoking category and packs were evaluated. Correlations between
smoking and LncRNA alterations were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to determine overall survival
and disease free survival.

Results:

There are more non-smokers in LUSC than in LUAD. In both LUAD and LUSC, smoking could increase total
mutation counts and fraction of copy number alterations. Smoking index positively correlated with total mutations in
LUAD, but not in LUSC. Smoking could trigger lncRNA alterations both in LUAD and LUSC. Smoking regulated
different lncRNA between male and female. EXOC3-AS1 and LINC00603 alterations were positively correlated with
smoking index in male LUAD smokers. In female LUAD smokers, smoking index was positively correlated with
SNHG15, TP53TG1 and LINC01600 and negatively with LINC00609 and PTCSC3. In both male and female LUSC
patients, smoking increased or decreased several lncRNA alterations. DGCR5 alteration increased in male LUSC than
in female LUSC patients. In female LUSC patients, LOH12CR2 alteration was positively correlated with smoking
index.

Conclusions:

Smoking promoted LUAD and LUSC development by affecting different lncRNA alterations in different
genders.
Sport w służbie osoby ludzkiej: stanowisko papieży wobec sportu
Authors:   Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego Józefa Piłsudskiego w Warszawie, Dziubińsk Zbigniew , Jasny Michał ,   Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego Józefa Piłsudskiego w Warszawie
Published: July 2021

The aim of the paper is an attempt to sum up the social teaching of popes on sport. The authors analyse the fundamental issues concerning human involvement in sport, focusing, among others, on the need for the presence of the Church in sport or on the significant role of sport in the harmonious development of young people. The following methods were used in the study: literature review, comparative, and axiological methods, as well as idiographic and nomothetic methods. The conducted analyzes show that the highest Church leaders invariably demand respect for fundamental human values, which also applies to sport, which, if properly directed, can play an important role in the process of education and promote propagation of Christian values.
Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by biochar derived from rice husk
Authors: Mohadi Risfidian , Palapa Neza Rahayu , Taher Tarmizi , Siregar Patimah Mega Syah Bahar Nur , Normah  , Juleanti Novie , Wijaya Alfan , Lesbani Aldes
Published: July 2021

In this work, biochar produced from Indonesian rice husks. Then used as adsorbent of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution. The XRD pattern of biochar showed the characterization pattern at 23º (002) reflection, appearance of silicate oxide, and the carbon vibrations. The surface area and SEM morphologies confirmed that after pyrolysis treatment the surface of rice husk has changed. The surface area of biochar increased after thermal treatment. The adsorption study of Cr(VI) by biochar demonstrate 2nd-order reaction, and Langmuir isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity of biochar derived rice husk to adsorb Cr(VI) is 161.290 mg/g, and biochar showed the good potential as reuseable adsorbent to remove heavy metal in aqueous solution.
Nanofiber-enrich activated carbon coin derived from tofu dregs as electrode materials for supercapacitor
Authors: Taer Erman , Apriwandi  , Hasanah Fainida , Taslim Rika
Published: July 2021

In this study, the activated carbon with enriched nanofiber obtained from free-binder materials. It was conducted tofu dregs carbon nanofiber as electrode material for supercapacitor without the addition of pVdF/PTFE. The chemical impregnation of NaOH, ZnCl2 and H3PO4 at high-temperature pyrolysis in an N2-CO2 environment converted the tofu dregs into carbon coin. Subsequently, the physical properties including, microcrystalline, morphology, element analysis, and electrochemical properties of specific capacitance were investigated. The morphological structure of activated carbon showed high nanofiber density and was decorated by sponge-like pores. In addition, the nanofiber contains oxygen content of 12.70% which can act as self-doping due to the pseudo-capacitance properties. Furthermore, the two-electrode system obtained a specific capacitance of 163 F g-1 in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The results showed that tofu dregs-based activated carbon coins are sustainable and efficient to obtain high-dense nanofiber structure as electrode materials for energy storage applications.
Predicting Unscheduled Emergency Department Return Visits Among Older Adults: Population-Based Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Rai-Fu , Cheng Kuei-Chen , Lin Yu-Yin , Chang I-Chiu , Tsai Cheng-Han
Published: July 2021

Background

Unscheduled emergency department return visits (EDRVs) are key indicators for monitoring the quality of emergency medical care. A high return rate implies that the medical services provided by the emergency department (ED) failed to achieve the expected results of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Older adults are more susceptible to diseases and comorbidities than younger adults, and they exhibit unique and complex clinical characteristics that increase the difficulty of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Older adults also use more emergency medical resources than people in other age groups. Many studies have reviewed the causes of EDRVs among general ED patients; however, few have focused on older adults, although this is the age group with the highest rate of EDRVs.

Objective

This aim of this study is to establish a model for predicting unscheduled EDRVs within a 72-hour period among patients aged 65 years and older. In addition, we aim to investigate the effects of the influencing factors on their unscheduled EDRVs.

Methods

We used stratified and randomized data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database and applied data mining techniques to construct a prediction model consisting of patient, disease, hospital, and physician characteristics. Records of ED visits by patients aged 65 years and older from 1996 to 2010 in the National Health Insurance Research Database were selected, and the final sample size was 49,252 records.

Results

The decision tree of the prediction model achieved an acceptable overall accuracy of 76.80%. Economic status, chronic illness, and length of stay in the ED were the top three variables influencing unscheduled EDRVs. Those who stayed in the ED overnight or longer on their first visit were less likely to return. This study confirms the results of prior studies, which found that economically underprivileged older adults with chronic illness and comorbidities were more likely to return to the ED.

Conclusions

Medical institutions can use our prediction model as a reference to improve medical management and clinical services by understanding the reasons for 72-hour unscheduled EDRVs in older adult patients. A possible solution is to create mechanisms that incorporate our prediction model and develop a support system with customized medical education for older patients and their family members before discharge. Meanwhile, a reasonably longer length of stay in the ED may help evaluate treatments and guide prognosis for older adult patients, and it may further reduce the rate of their unscheduled EDRVs.
A Game-Based School Program for Mental Health Literacy and Stigma on Depression (Moving Stories): Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tuijnman Anouk , Kleinjan Marloes , Olthof Merlijn , Hoogendoorn Evert , Granic Isabela , Engels Rutger CME
Published: July 2021

Background

Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among adolescents in Western countries. However, although treatment for depressive symptoms is available, many adolescents do not seek help when they need it. Important barriers to help-seeking among adolescents include low mental health literacy and high stigma. Therefore, we have developed a game-based school program, Moving Stories, which combines mental health literacy training for depression with contact with someone with lived experience both in the digital and nondigital world.

Objective

The aim of this study is to conduct a first test of the effectiveness of the newly developed game-based program, Moving Stories, using a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Methods

A total of 185 adolescents participated, divided over 10 classes from 4 schools. Half of the classes were randomly selected to follow the Moving Stories program, whereas the other half were in the control group, where no intervention was provided. The adolescents filled out digital questionnaires at 4 time points, with questions on mental health literacy, stigma, depressive symptoms, and the program itself (before the program, after the program, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up). Using R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing), we ran linear mixed-effects models for all continuous outcome variables and generalized linear mixed-effects models for all binary outcome variables.

Results

Compared with the control group, participants in the Moving Stories group improved after the program in personal stigma (b=−0.53, 95% CI −1.02 to −0.03; t179.16=−2.08; P=.04). Effects on personal stigma lasted over time (3-month follow-up: b=−0.57, 95% CI −1.11 to −0.03; t174.39=−2.07; P=.04). Most adolescents in the Moving Stories group participated in the introduction (97/99, 98%) and contact session (93/99, 94%), played the game for 4 or 5 days (83/99, 83%), and indicated that they would recommend the game to their peers (90/98, 92%).

Conclusions

The results of this study show the potential of Moving Stories as a stigma reduction program. With changes in the program to improve its effects on mental health literacy, Moving Stories could be implemented in schools to improve help-seeking in adolescents and reduce the negative consequences and burden of depressive symptoms.

Trial Registration

Dutch Trial Register NTR7033; https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NTR7033

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/11255
An Interactive Computer Game for Improving Selective Voluntary Motor Control in Children With Upper Motor Neuron Lesions: Development and Preliminary Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fahr Annina , Kläy Andrina , Keller Jeffrey W , van Hedel Hubertus J A
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Computer game–based interventions are emerging in pediatric neurorehabilitation, as they can provide two key elements for motor learning—motivating environments that enable long-term compliance, which is particularly relevant for children, and augmented feedback for improving movement performance.

OBJECTIVE

The overall aim of this study is to develop an interactive computer play for children with upper motor neuron lesions to train selective voluntary motor control and give particular attention to motivation and feedback. We also aim to determine features that make games engaging, investigate which sensory feedback modality is noticed the fastest during play, develop an interactive game, and evaluate its feasibility.

METHODS

We identified engaging game features by interviewing 19 children and adolescents undergoing rehabilitation. By using a test version of the game, we determined the response times of 10 patients who had to react to visual, auditory, or combined feedback signals. On the basis of the results of these two subprojects, we developed and designed a game environment. Feasibility was studied in terms of the practicability and acceptability of the intervention among 5 children with upper motor neuron lesions.

RESULTS

The game features deemed the most important by pediatric patients were strategic gameplay (13/29, 45% of answers) and choice (6/29, 21%). While playing the game, an acoustic alarm signal (reaction time: median 2.8 seconds) was detected significantly faster (P=.01) than conditions with other feedback modalities (avatar velocity reduction: median 7.8 seconds; color desaturation: median 5.7 seconds). Most children enjoyed playing the game, despite some technical issues.

CONCLUSIONS

The careful identification of game features that increase motivation and feedback modalities that inform children quickly led to the development of an interactive computer play for training selective voluntary motor control in children and adolescents with upper motor neuron lesions.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Use of Twitter by Medical Journals: Systematic Review of the Literature (Preprint)
Authors: Erskine Natalie , Hendricks Sharief
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Medical journals use Twitter to engage and disseminate their research articles and implement a range of strategies to maximize reach and impact.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically review the literature to synthesize and describe the different Twitter strategies used by medical journals and their effectiveness on journal impact and readership metrics.

METHODS

A systematic search of the literature before February 2020 in four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) was conducted. Articles were reviewed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines.

RESULTS

The search identified 44 original research studies that evaluated Twitter strategies implemented by medical journals and analyzed the relationship between Twitter metrics and alternative and citation-based metrics. The key findings suggest that promoting publications on Twitter improves citation-based and alternative metrics for academic medical journals. Moreover, implementing different Twitter strategies maximizes the amount of attention that publications and journals receive. The four key Twitter strategies implemented by many medical journals are tweeting the title and link of the article, infographics, podcasts, and hosting monthly internet-based journal clubs. Each strategy was successful in promoting the publications. However, different metrics were used to measure success.

CONCLUSIONS

Four key Twitter strategies are implemented by medical journals: tweeting the title and link of the article, infographics, podcasts, and hosting monthly internet-based journal clubs. In this review, each strategy was successful in promoting publications but used different metrics to measure success. Thus, it is difficult to conclude which strategy is most effective. In addition, the four strategies have different costs and effects on dissemination and readership. We recommend that journals and researchers incorporate a combination of Twitter strategies to maximize research impact and capture audiences with a variety of learning methods.

CLINICALTRIAL
Development of a Mobile App for Clinical Research: Challenges and Implications for Investigators (Preprint)
Authors: Chettri Shibani , Wang Vivian , Balkin Eli Asher , Rayo Michael F , Lee Clara N
Published: July 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Advances in mobile app technologies offer opportunities for researchers to feasibly collect a large amount of patient data that were previously inaccessible through traditional clinical research methods. Collection of data via mobile devices allows for several advantages, such as the ability to continuously gather data outside of research facilities and produce a greater quantity of data, making these data much more valuable to researchers. Health services research is increasingly incorporating mobile health (mHealth), but collecting these data in current research institutions is not without its challenges. Our paper uses a specific example to depict specific challenges of mHealth research and provides recommendations for investigators looking to incorporate digital app technologies and patient-collected digital data into their studies. Our experience describes how clinical researchers should be prepared to work with variable software and mobile app development timelines; research institutions that are interested in participating in mHealth research need to invest in supporting information technology infrastructures in order to be a part of the growing field of mHealth and gain access to valuable patient-collected data.
Perceptions of Educational Needs in an Era of Shifting Mental Health Care to Primary Care: Exploratory Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sutherland Stephanie , Jeong Dahn , Cheng Michael , St-Jean Mireille , Jalali Alireza
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

There is an unmet need for mental health care in Canada. Primary care providers such as general practitioners and family physicians are the essential part of mental health care services; however, mental health is often underestimated and underprioritized by family physicians. It is currently not known what is required to increase care providers’ willingness, comfort, and skills to adequately provide care to patients who present with mental health issues.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to understand the need of caregivers (family members overseeing care of an individual with a mental health diagnosis) and family physicians regarding the care and medical management of individuals with mental health conditions.

METHODS

A needs assessment was designed to understand the educational needs of caregivers and family physicians regarding the provision of mental health care, specifically to seek advice on the format and delivery mode for an educational curriculum to be accessed by both stakeholder groups. Exploratory qualitative interviews were conducted, and data were collected and analyzed iteratively until thematic saturation was achieved.

RESULTS

Caregivers of individuals with mental health conditions (n=24) and family physicians (n=10) were interviewed. Both the caregivers and the family physicians expressed dissatisfaction with the status quo regarding the provision of mental health care at the family physician’s office. They stated that there was a need for more educational materials as well as additional support. The caregivers expressed a general lack of confidence in family physicians to manage their son’s or daughter’s mental health condition, while family physicians sought more networking opportunities to improve and facilitate the provision of mental health care.

CONCLUSIONS

Robust qualitative studies are necessary to identify the educational and medical management needs of caregivers and family physicians. Understanding each other’s perspectives is an essential first step to collaboratively designing, implementing, and subsequently evaluating community-based mental health care. Fortunately, there are initiatives underway to address these need areas (eg, websites such as the eMentalHealth, as well as the mentorship and collaborative care network), and information from this study can help inform the gaps in those existing initiatives.
Kekeliruan Pemahaman Tentang Online Grooming dalam Sistem Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Hafizhah Annisa , Panggabean Lamsumihar Andjelina
Published: July 2021

Hukum diciptakan manusia untuk melindungi dan menertibkan masyarakat. Sayangnya, hukum yang dibuat manusia memiliki keterbatasan saat berhadapan dengan perubahan zaman. Pola kehidupan masyarakat terus berkembang dan  hukum dituntut untuk selalu bisa menyeleraskan diri padahal proses menciptakan hukum tidak mudah. Perlu pemikiran dan waktu yang cukup untuk merumuskan peraturan yang baik sementara masyarakat tidak bisa menunggu hukum terlalu lama untuk menyelesaikan berbagai fenomena yang terjadi, termasuk online grooming. Online grooming adalah kekerasan berbasis gender yang dilakukan secara online untuk memperdaya korban agar menyerahkan foto atau video yang memuat atribut seksualnya. Saat ini belum ada peraturan yang secara khusus mengatur online grooming, namun ada beberapa metode tertentu yang bisa digunakan agar peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada saat ini bisa dipakai untuk menjerat pelaku online grooming.

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Law was created by humans to protect and order society. Unfortunately, human-made laws have limitations when facing the massive development. The pattern of people's culture continues to develop and the law is expected to always be relevant even though the process of creating laws is not easy. It takes a lot of concern and time to formulate good rules, while society cannot wait too long for the law to resolve various phenomena that occur, including online grooming. Online grooming is an online gender-based violence that is carried out to trick victims into submitting photos or videos that contain their sexual attributes. Currently there are no regulations that specifically regulate online grooming, but there are certain methods that can be used so that the existing laws and regulations can be used to arrest online grooming criminals.
How to Evaluate a Transition-Oriented Funding Programme? Lessons Learned from the Evaluation of FONA, the German Framework Programme to Promote Sustainability Research
Authors:   Fraunhofer ISI, Seus Sarah , Buehrer Susanne
Published: July 2021

This article is based on the evaluation of the German research funding programme “FONA - Forschung für Nachhaltigkeit” (Research for Sustainability.) It reflects upon the methodological challenges confronting the evaluation. These challenges result from the specific objectives and design of the FONA programme (a strategic portfolio of heterogenious interventions). FONA’s ambition is to fund activities under the emerging field of ‘sustainability research’. The core characteristics of sustainability research are: interdisciplinary and trans-disciplinary research processes; orientation towards transferring the research results (into society) and the interdependency with a wider system and global perspective.
Participatory Approaches in Research, Technology and Innovation (RTI) Policy and their Potential Impact
Authors:   KMU Forschung Austria, Kofler Jakob , Nindl Elisabeth , Sturn Dorothea , Wailzer Magdalena
Published: July 2021

The present article reviews various concepts of participatory science and research and discusses their potential to exhibit impact on the relationship between science and society. Starting with an overview of rationales, concepts and challenges, different forms and intensities of participatory approaches in research and innovation are discussed. We then look at the situation in Austria and sort selected Austrian funding programmes and initiatives into a diagram according to the intensity of participation as well as the social groups involved in each case. Finally, we try to gain more precise indications of the impact of participatory programmes on the relationship between science and society. Many questions remain unanswered, as precise analyses and evaluation results are usually lacking. While different surveys provide insights into society’s level of information on a general level, interest, involvement and attitude towards science and research, approaches for impact assessment are fragmented and remain on the surface. We therefore propose to develop an analytical framework based on existing approaches and to include collaboratively developed indicators in it.
RTI Policy Note on Evaluating Social Innovations
Authors:   Joanneum Research, Streicher Jürgen , Wroblewski Angela , Schuch Klaus , Reidl Sybille
Published: July 2021

Expectations of research, technology and innovation (RTI) policy are shifting towards effectively addressing major societal challenges. Due to its potential to increase innovative dynamics, to develop new knowledge and create new solutions, social innovation is increasingly promoted. This raises questions about (potential) effects and impacts of social innovation. The assessment of impacts is a rather new topic in this field, respective research is still in its early stages. This paper proposes to focus on the change of social practices within RTI ecosystems when assessing social innovation. The ecosystem approach is not only a helpful concept to analyse the emergence and diffusion of social innovation in a specific context, it can also be used to support and guide policy design. Implication for evaluation design are discussed and analytical categories presented. A set of measurement dimensions is proposed that can be used in evaluation designs and for future research.
Interne Evaluierung im Österreichischen Forschungsbereich. Rückschau und Reflexion zur fteval Tagung “Verbindlichkeit in der internen Evaluierung"
Authors:   fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, Wagner Isabella , Froschauer-Neuhauser Elisabeth , Warta Katharina
Published: July 2021

In diesem Beitrag wird die Diskussion der fteval Tagung “Verbindlichkeit in der internen Evaluierung”, die am 30. November 2020 online stattgefunden hat, eingefangen. Der analytische Rahmen wird vertieft und verschiedene Aspekte interner Evaluierung reflektiert. So wird interne Evaluierung als Prozess verstanden, unterschiedliche Schwierigkeiten nach ihrer Durchführung und ihrem Zentrum der Verantwortung (jeweils intern oder extern) betrachtet und diese Überlegungen in den Kontext der Beispielfälle der Tagung eingebettet.
КАК НАЙТИ ИГОЛКУ В СТОГЕ СЕНА, ИЛИ ЧТО НАДО ЗНАТЬ, ЧТОБЫ ВЫБРАТЬ ТЕСТОВУЮ ИГЛУ
Authors: Юдин А.
Published: July 2021

Приведен обзор основных характеристик (тип наконечника, сила сжатия пружины, рабочий температурный диапазон и др.), на которые надо обратить внимание при выборе тестовых игл.