bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PARADIGMAS, SOCIEDADES E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Almeida Luiz Henrique Touguinha de
Published: May 2018

Propõe-se este trabalho a um estudo nas mudanças sofridas pelos paradigmas e pelas sociedades com o passar dos tempos, relacionando-os e articulando-os entre si, como elementos condicionantes de culturas, com um viés para a educação. Foi motivado pelos resultados obtidos em uma pesquisa realizada com 24 professores de uma escola particular da cidade de Rio Grande, RS, em março de 2009, que levaram à conclusão de que tais docentes tiveram sua formação inicial e mantém suas práticas em uma educação amparada no Paradigma Dominante e na Sociedade Disciplinar, o que faz com que eles e a própria instituição andem na contramão da pedagogia contemporânea. Fundamenta-se numa pesquisa bibliográfica em obras de autores como Deleuze (1992), Foucault (1997), Cunha (1998), Santos (1999), Gadotti (2004), Marcondes (2005), buscando seus entendimentos sobre os conceitos dos Paradigmas Aristotélico, Dominante e Emergente e das Sociedades de Soberania, Disciplinar e de Controle, além de breves considerações sobre a evolução educacional. Os aspectos educativos aqui analisados se amparam nas obras dos pensadores Libâneo (1999), Perrenoud (1999) e Hadji (2001), além de orientações oficiais da educação no país, encontradas em Brasil (1996) que, junto às demais, garantem um embasamento teórico de qualidade e credibilidade ao trabalho. Nesse sentido, o estudo desses elementos que com suas forças se impõem e condicionam as culturas, remetem ao pensamento de que a educação, com seus avanços e retrocessos, bem retrata a fase de transição pela qual passam os paradigmas Emergente que tenta sobrepor-se ao Dominante que ainda oferece resistência, e da Sociedade de Controle que emerge com o processo de globalização e desenvolvimento das tecnologias da informação e comunicação ─ TIC‟s ─, mas ainda convive com a influência da Sociedade Disciplinar. Palavras-chave: Cultura. Educação. Paradigma. Sociedade.
FORMAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA DE PÓS-GRADUANDOS PARA DOCÊNCIA: O PROGRAMA DE ESTÁGIO E CAPACITAÇÃO DOCENTE DA UNICAMP
Authors: Pachane Graziela Giusti
Published: May 2018

O Objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar a análise do Programa de Estágio e Capacitação Docente (PECD-Unicamp), um programa que, segundo seus participantes, obteve resultados positivos no tocante à formação pedagógica oferecida aos que dele tomaram parte.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Karwoski Acir Mário
Published: May 2018

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A construção social da autoria de filmes publicitários
Authors: Aneas Tatiana Güenaga
Published: May 2018

Este artigo examina como se constrói o lugar da autoria no interior do campo do filme publicitário, considerando a atuação de instituições e profissionais envolvidos na criação destes produtos: agência publicitária, empresa anunciante e produtora audiovisual. A partir de uma perspectiva que tem como base a teoria dos campos de Bourdieu (1996), e em diálogo com autores que discutem autoria no campo da produção cultural, o trabalho busca estabelecer premissas teórico-metodológicas para compreender os lugares de autoria de filmes publicitários e as vantagens de incorporar esta compreensão à análise desta espécie de obra audiovisual.
Entre umas e outras: tempo, sociabilidade e música popular em bares da cidade
Authors: Marra Pedro Silva , Garcia Luiz Henrique Assis
Published: May 2018

Delimitando como objeto empírico a Praça da Savassi, procuramos analisar como é possível experimentar temporalidades sobrepostas em espaços contíguos por meio da combinação entre formas de sociabilidade e escolhas de repertório, em dois bares diferentes localizados na referida região. Nosso trabalho de campo emprega diversos formatos de registro (gravações de áudio, fotos e vídeos digitais e relatos escritos) de tais usos do espaço realizadas durante derivas pela praça. Assim, discutimos as formas com que as pessoas modulam as propriedades acústicas (intensidade, frequência e espacialidade) das sonoridades empregadas e diferentes repertórios musicais para produzir o “lugar”. Essa ideia é reforçada pelo entendimento de que, no lugar, a experiência do tempo é “intersubjetiva”, portanto é social e espacialmente localizada. A música popular, inserida nesse cenário, desempenha um papel significativo na conformação da experiência social e histórica de diferentes grupos que co-habitam e disputam a cidade
A Rare Case Od Meckel’s Diverticulum Perforation Caused By a Toothpick Mimicking Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Resanovic Aleksandar , Gojgic Milan , Resanovic Vladimir , Arafeh Mazen
Published: May 2018

Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract and is caused by the failure of omphalomesenteric duct to obliterate during embryonal maturation. Most patients are asymptomatic with only 4-16% presenting complications which include hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, inflamation and occasionally perforation. A preoperative diagnosis of a complicated Meckel’s diverticulum may be challenging because of the overlapping clinical and imaging features of other acute surgical and inflammatory conditions of the abdomen. A 32-year old male was admitted to the emergency department with a 48-hour history of colicky like pain in the lower part of the abdomen, which was gradually increased and was localised in the lower right quadrant, with no history of fever, nausea or vommiting, no urinary symptoms nor altered bowel habits. Laboratory revealed leukocytosis and elevated CRP, while on physical examination guarding and rebound tenderness were found in the right lower quadrant. Abdominal ultrasound  established a distended small bowel with very slow peristalsis in ileocecal region. Complete workup raised suspicion for an acute appendicitis, therefore the patient was operated. Intraoperatively, the perforated Meckel’s diveriticulum was found, caused by a toothpick. Diverticulectomy and appendectomy were done. Postoperative course was uneventful. Regardless of the fact that a variety of diagnostic procedures are at the disposal of surgeons, we feel that the diagnose of a complicated MD remains a challenging task, largely in thanks to the fact that it mimics some other acute abdominal pathology and, often, is misdiagnosed.
Situating Green Practices within the Context of Sustainable Development Agenda
Authors: Solaja Oludele Mayowa , Adetola Obatunde Bright
Published: May 2018

Ecological practices are essential for sustainable development. They cover technical innovations and responsible consumption of environmental resources, along with global efforts to ensure that progress does not impede future generations from achieving a desirable improvement of social and economic conditions based on this momentum. This article aims to place ecological practices in the context of a sustainable development agenda and discusses the conceptual meaning of the term ecological practices. It also examines the determinants of ecological practices in developing countries, including Nigeria. The text developed the Generational Development Framework (GDF) to analyze the connection between green practices and sustainable development. Finally, it concludes by emphasizing that ecological practices are a fundamental force to fulfill sustainable development programs, particularly in developing countries.
Percepción de rendimientos y externalidades negativas del crecimiento en la migración interna
Authors: Fresneda Camacho Edel José
Published: May 2018

En este artículo se presentan los conceptos percepción de rendimientos y externalidades negativas del crecimiento como dos nodos de análisis para explicar la migración interna que ocurre fuera del patrón rural-urbano. La discusión que se presenta es que resulta necesario analizar el crecimiento poblacional resultante de movimientos poblacionales en zonas semiurbanas, metropolitanas, rurales integradas o semintegradas, yendo más allá de la interpretación de motivaciones que se explican por opciones potenciales en el mercado laboral y los ingresos. Esta formulación vuelve sobre la explicación costos-beneficios, pero los costos son explicados por una causalidad asociada a las externalidades negativas del crecimiento, que, al ser percibidas por los migrantes como obstáculos para alcanzar metas de bienestar y calidad de vida, buscan alternativas que les generen mayores rendimientos para esos propósitos.
Retornos a la educación y premios por calificación: estimación y sesgos asociados al caso argentino
Authors: Gómez María Celeste
Published: May 2018

El objetivo del artículo es analizar empíricamente los retornos a la educación y los premios por calificación en asalariados ocupados de Argentina entre 2003 y 2014, bajo tres especificaciones alternativas de ecuaciones de Mincer. Se examinó la evolución comparada de estos retornos durante el periodo y se identificaron sesgos en las estimaciones de las ecuaciones de ingresos propuestas. El propósito final del ejercicio fue decidir qué alternativa resulta la estimación empíricamente más apropiada para el caso argentino en el periodo de análisis. Los resultados muestran que el modelo de Poisson de máxima verosimilitud aplicado al enfoque de Mincer tradicional genera estimadores consistentes de los retornos a los atributos de los trabajadores.
Instructional Delivery and Students’ Experiences with Distance and Online Learning of Undergraduate Mathematics in Nigeria
Authors: Reju Comfort Okwuegbune , Jita Loyiso
Published: May 2018

This paper examines the students’ experiences with instructional delivery (ID) of distance and online learning of undergraduate mathematics in two major Nigerian universities. Purposive sampling was used in the study to select mathematics students from University of Lagos Distance Learning Institute (DLI) and the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN). Data were collected through mixed-methods and a one-sample binomial test was employed to analyse the quantitative data. Furthermore, narrative and content analyses were done to explore how respondents make sense of their experiences of learning mathematics through the distance and online mode. Among others, the results of the study suggest that the abstract nature of mathematics was not appropriately addressed in the course content and that the absence of helpful and visible tutors for the subject complicated the challenge of understanding abstract mathematics even further. Among the many challenges, the abstract nature of mathematics and the absence of qualified tutors points to the need for improvement in the design, development, and provision of mathematics course materials and programmes for distance and online mathematics learning.
Development and Evaluation of a Preoperative Risk Calculator for Periprosthetic Joint Infection Following Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Tan Timothy L. , Maltenfort Mitchell G. , Chen Antonia F. , Shahi AliSina , Higuera Carlos A. , Siqueira Marcelo , Parvizi Javad
Published: May 2018

Background:

Preoperative identification of patients at risk for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is important for patient optimization and targeted prevention. The purpose of this study was to create a preoperative PJI risk calculator for assessing a patient’s individual risk of developing (1) any PJI, (2) PJI caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and (3) PJI caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms.

Methods:

A retrospective review was performed of 27,717 patients (12,086 TKAs and 31,167 THAs), including 1,035 with confirmed PJI, who were treated at a single institution from 2000 to 2014. A total of 42 risk factors, including patient characteristics and surgical variables, were evaluated with a multivariate analysis in which coefficients were scaled to produce integer scores. External validation was performed with use of data on 29,252 patients who had undergone total joint arthroplasty (TJA) at an independent institution.

Results:

Of the 42 risk factors studied, 25 were found not to be significant risk factors for PJI. The most influential of the remaining 17 included a previous open surgical procedure, drug abuse, a revision procedure, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The areas under the curves were 0.83 and 0.84 for any PJI, 0.86 and 0.83 for antibiotic-resistant PJI, and 0.86 and 0.73 for S. aureus PJI in the internal and external validation models, respectively. The rates of PJI were 0.56% and 0.61% in the lowest decile of risk scores and 15.85% and 20.63% in the highest decile.

Conclusions:

In this large-cohort study, we were able to identify and validate risk factors and their relative weights for predicting PJI. Factors such as prior surgical procedures and high-risk comorbidities should be considered when determining whether TJA is indicated and when counseling patients.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Modified Scarf Osteotomy with Medial Capsule Interposition for Hallux Valgus in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kushioka Junichi , Hirao Makoto , Tsuboi Hideki , Ebina Kosuke , Noguchi Takaaki , Nampei Akihide , Tsuji Shigeyoshi , Akita Shosuke , Hashimoto Jun , Yoshikawa Hideki
Published: May 2018

Background:

Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint has been recommended for severe hallux valgus deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, with the progress of medical treatment of RA, joint preservation surgery has recently been performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of modified Scarf osteotomy with medial capsule interposition for RA cases including severe destruction of the first MTP joint and to evaluate risk factors for recurrence.

Methods:

A retrospective observational study of 76 cases (60 patients) followed for a mean of 35.3 months (range, 24 to 56 months) after a modified Scarf osteotomy was performed. Scores on the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) RA foot and ankle scale, the JSSF hallux scale, and a self-administered foot evaluation questionnaire (SAFE-Q) were determined along with preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters.

Results:

There was a significant improvement, from preoperatively to final follow-up, in the mean JSSF RA foot and ankle score (from 52.2 to 76.9 points) and the mean JSSF hallux score (from 38.2 to 74.5 points). There was a recurrence (hallux valgus angle [HVA] of >20°) in 12 feet (16%). The preoperative DAS28-CRP score (disease activity score [based on 28 joints in the body]-C-reactive protein score) and intermetatarsal angles between the first and second metatarsals (M1M2A) and between the first and fifth metatarsals (M1M5A) were significantly greater in the recurrence group, as were the HVA, M1M2A, M1M5A, and Hardy grade at 3 months after surgery. There was a significant negative correlation between the preoperative DAS28-CRP score and the JSSF RA foot and ankle score at final follow-up (β = −0.39, p = 0.02) and a significant positive correlation between the preoperative DAS28-CRP score and the HVA at final follow-up (β = 0.44, p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

The modified Scarf osteotomy with medial capsule interposition for hallux valgus deformity improved clinical and radiographic outcomes in RA cases with severe destruction of the first MTP joint. Increased preoperative M1M2A and M1M5A; incomplete reduction of the sesamoid bone; and the HVA, M1M2A, and M1M5A at 3 months after surgery should be evaluated as they are associated with recurrence of the deformity. The preoperative DAS28-CRP score was associated with the clinical and radiographic outcomes after surgery.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Patency Test of Vascular Anastomosis with Assistance of High-Speed Video Recording in Digit Replantation
Authors: Zhu Hongyi , Zhu Xiaozhong , Zhang Changqing , Zheng Xianyou
Published: May 2018

Background:

Quality assessment of vascular anastomosis primarily depends on the experience of the treating surgeon. This highlights the need for an objective index. The main goal of our study was to establish a method of assessing the quality of vascular anastomosis in digit replantation.

Methods:

A total of 182 digits from 141 patients were included in this study. The patients underwent replantation of completely amputated digits between June 1, 2015, and February 1, 2017. Patency tests of arterial and venous anastomoses were conducted for each replantation and recorded on digital video at 1,000 frames per second. We divided the study into 2 phases. In phase I (103 digits from 80 patients), we investigated whether the refilling velocity ratio (RVR) was associated with replantation failure. In phase II (79 digits from 61 patients), we adopted the RVR as a guiding parameter during surgery and compared the replantation success rate with that of the historical control of phase I.

Results:

In phase I, ischemia time (>12 hours), arterial RVR (<0.4), and venous RVR sum (<1.0) were significantly associated with the rate of replantation failure in 82 cases with single arterial anastomosis. In phase II, we set the arterial RVR goal to 0.4 and venous RVR sum goal to 1.0. Under the guidance of the RVR test, the survival rate significantly increased compared with that of the historical control of phase I (96% versus 87%; p = 0.037).

Conclusions:

The patency test, with assistance of high-speed video recording, is a useful tool that can improve the success rate of digit replantation.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Academic Influence and Its Relationship to Industry Payments in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Buerba Rafael A. , Sheppard William L. , Herndon Karen E. , Gajewski Nicholas , Patel Ankur D. , Leong Natalie L. , Bernthal Nicholas M. , SooHoo Nelson F.
Published: May 2018

Background:

The Hirsch index (h-index) quantifies research publication productivity for an individual, and has widely been considered a valuable measure of academic influence. In 2010, the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (PPSA) was introduced as a way to increase transparency regarding U.S. physician-industry relationships. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between industry payments and academic influence as measured by the h-index and number of publications among orthopaedic surgeons. We also examined the relationship of the h-index to National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding.

Methods:

The h-indices of faculty members at academic orthopaedic surgery residency programs were obtained using the Scopus database. The PPSA web site was used to abstract their 2014 industry payments. NIH funding data were obtained from the NIH web site. Mann-Whitney U testing and Spearman correlations were used to explore the relationships.

Results:

Of 3,501 surgeons, 78.3% received nonresearch payments, 9.2% received research payments, and 0.9% received NIH support. Nonresearch payments ranged from $6 to $4,538,501, whereas research payments ranged from $16 to $517,007. Surgeons receiving NIH or industry research funding had a significantly higher mean h-index and number of publications than those not receiving such funding. Surgeons receiving nonresearch industry payments had a slightly higher mean h-index and number of publications than those not receiving these kinds of payments. Both the h-index and the number of publications had weak positive correlations with industry nonresearch payment amount, industry research payment amount, and total number of industry payments.

Conclusions:

There are large differences in industry payment size and distribution among academic surgeons. The small percentage of academic surgeons who receive industry research support or NIH funding tend to have higher h-indices. For the overall population of orthopaedic surgery faculty, the h-index correlates poorly with the dollar amount and the total number of industry research payments. Regarding nonresearch industry payments, the h-index also appears to correlate poorly with the number and the dollar amount of payments. These results are encouraging because they suggest that industry bias may play a smaller role in the orthopaedic literature than previously thought.
Quality of Care in Hip Fracture Patients
Authors: Farrow Luke , Hall Andrew , Wood Adrian D. , Smith Rik , James Kate , Holt Graeme , Hutchison James , Myint Phyo K.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Optimizing the perioperative care of patients with a hip fracture is a key health-care priority. We aimed to determine whether adherence to the Scottish Standards of Care for Hip Fracture Patients (SSCHFP) was associated with improved patient outcomes.

Methods:

In this retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data from the Scottish National Hip Fracture Audit, we assessed adherence to the SSCHFP in 21 Scottish hospitals over a 9-month period in 2014 and examined the effect of the guidelines on 30 and 120-day mortality, length of hospital stay, and discharge destination.

Results:

A total of 1,162 patients who were ≥50 years old and admitted with a hip fracture were included. There was a significant association between low adherence to the SSCHFP and increased mortality at 30 and 120 days (odds ratio [OR], 3.58 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.75 to 7.32; p < 0.001] and 2.01 [95% CI, 1.28 to 3.12; p = 0.003], respectively). Low adherence was associated with a reduced likelihood of a short length of stay (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.78; p < 0.0001), but increased odds of discharge to a high-care setting (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.36; p = 0.01). Early physiotherapy input and occupational therapy input were associated with a reduced likelihood of discharge to a high-care setting (OR, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.44 to 0.98; p = 0.04] and 0.34 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.48; p <0.001], respectively).

Conclusions:

Adherence to the SSCHFP is associated with better patient outcomes. These findings confirm the clinical utility of the SSCHFP and support their use as a benchmarking tool to improve quality of care for hip fractures.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Cervical Facet Orientation Varies with Age in Children
Authors: Pesenti Sebastien , Lafage Renaud , Lafage Virginie , Panuel Michel , Blondel Benjamin , Jouve Jean-Luc
Published: May 2018

Background:

Within the spine, mobility and stability are principles that drive anatomic morphology. Based on radiographic measurements, the orientation of cervical facet joints has been proven to change throughout child growth. However, because of the mainly cartilaginous composition of the vertebrae in the young child, the lack of osseous landmarks makes radiograph-based measurements unreliable. The aims of our study were to evaluate the change in the sagittal orientation of the cervical facet joints with age based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of asymptomatic children and to compare it to the changes in vertebral body dimensions.

Methods:

Sagittal images passing through the center of the facet joint or through the center of the vertebral body were used to assess facet orientation at every cervical level. Anteroposterior facet orientation was defined as the angle between the superior facet and a line perpendicular to the posterior wall of the vertebral body. Vertical was defined as parallel to the posterior wall; horizontal was defined as perpendicular to the posterior wall. Vertebral body height and anteroposterior diameter were measured as well.

Results:

MRI data of the normal cervical spine of 90 children who were 2 months to 18 years of age, obtained for neurologic evaluation, were used for this study. For each level from C3 to C7, there was a positive correlation between facet orientation and age (R = 0.498, p < 0.001). The facet joints were the most vertical at C3 (43.9°) and C7 (49.6°), whereas C5 had the most horizontal facets (39.4°). The greatest rate of change in facet orientation was observed between 6 and 9 years of age.

Conclusions:

Our results demonstrate that facets become more vertical as a function of age. However, other parameters than age must be considered to explain the variation of facet orientation. At C3 and C7, the facet orientation was more vertical, which may increase stability. In between, C5 facets were shallower, which may increase mobility and flexion-extension range of motion.
Sixty Years On: Ponseti Method for Clubfoot Treatment Produces High Satisfaction Despite Inherent Tendency to Relapse
Authors: Zionts Lewis E. , Ebramzadeh Edward , Morgan Rebecca D. , Sangiorgio Sophia N.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Developed at the University of Iowa in 1950, the Ponseti method to manage idiopathic clubfoot deformity was slow to gain wide acceptance until the mid-1990s. There is a paucity of intermediate and long-term outcome studies involving this technique, with nearly all such studies coming from a single institution. The purpose of this study is to report the contemporary outcome of patients with clubfoot deformity whose feet were managed with the Ponseti method and who were followed to ≥5 years old, to provide outcome expectations for parents and for clinicians managing patients with idiopathic clubfoot.

Methods:

Families of infants seen in our clinic diagnosed with idiopathic clubfoot since July 2006 were prospectively invited to participate in our institutional review board-approved study. Patients who received no prior outside treatment and had a minimum follow-up to the age of 5 years were included. Demographic, treatment, and outcome data were collected. To provide an array of outcome measures, both the Dallas outcome criteria and the Roye disease-specific instrument (DSI) were used.

Results:

One hundred and one patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean length of follow-up (and standard deviation) was 81.1 ± 17.1 months. Initial correction was achieved in all feet. Thirty-seven percent of families reported that they were adherent with the bracing protocol; 68% of patients had ≥1 relapse, and 38% underwent a tendon transfer. With the Dallas criteria, 62% had outcomes rated as good, 38% had outcomes rated as fair, and no patient had an outcome rated as poor. With the Roye DSI, most families were generally very satisfied with the function and appearance of the feet.

Conclusions:

Satisfactory results at intermediate follow-up were achieved using the Ponseti method. However, despite a better understanding of the Ponseti method and the importance of longer post-corrective brace use, the need for anterior tibial tendon transfer remains an important adjunct to the Ponseti method. Brace adherence also continues to be a critical clinical issue.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Edmond Jabès y Luigi Nono: Découvrir la subversion
Authors: Deco Francisco
Published: May 2018

Dans cet article, nous étudions la relation entre Le Petit Livre de la subversion hors de soupçon, d’Edmond Jabès, et la pièce musicale Découvrir la subversion. Hommage à Edmond Jabès, de Luigi Nono, fondée sur des textes de cette œuvre. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions leurs caractéristiques en mettant en évidence les affinités esthétiques entre les deux créateurs. Puis nous analysons, à partir d’exemples concrets, la façon dont Nono a sélectionné, fragmenté et réordonné les mots de Jabès pour concevoir le texte de cet hommage.
La epopeya de África occidental y la epopeya castellana: un análisis de literatura comparada
Authors: Montes Nogales Vicente E.
Published: May 2018

La epopeya africana y la epopeya castellana presentan más rasgos en común de lo que se pudiese creer. Muchas de las funciones de los griots y de los juglares coinciden, la inclusión de divisas, las repeticiones y los motivos son semejantes. Los narradores pretenden obtener una remuneración a cambio de la recitación de relatos que entusiasman al público, ensalzando el valor de los héroes de la comunidad en la que surgen. Además, la épica africana ha permitido a los medievalistas europeos cuestionarse algunas de las teorías más discutidas, como la posibilidad de que el relato épico no haya requerido una codificación escrita antes de haber sido difundido oralmente en cortes reales y plazas.
Traduction et créativité dans la bande dessinée En route pour le Goncourt de J.-F. Kierzkowski et M. Ephrem
Authors: Cómitre Narváez Isabel
Published: May 2018

El cómic plantea una serie de retos al traductor debido a los distintos códigos que lo articulan. El traductor deberá identificar y respetar el sentido tanto en los niveles semántico, pragmático, icónico, fónico y tipográfico del texto original. Para ello, deberá utilizar los conocimientos biculturales, complementos cognitivos y hacer alarde de creatividad para producir en el lector del texto meta el mismo efecto humorístico que despertó en el lector de la cultura origen. Basado en un taller de traducción creativa de cómic que ejemplifica los conceptos teóricos, pretendemos demostrar la importancia de una formación bicultural del traductor para abordar la traducción creativa de este complejo medio de expresión artística.
Narración y perspectiva en las escritoras africanas: de la memoria de la experiencia a la experiencia de la memoria
Authors: Cuasante Fernández Elena
Published: May 2018

Tel que le montre l’analyse de la perspective narrative, dans les textes des femmes-écrivains africaines on constate une évolution progressive vers des formulations expressives de plus en plus complexes. Parce qu’ils adoptent en exclusive une focalisation sur le narrateur, les premiers récits présentent les événements comme un tout déjà examiné, voire interprété, par la conscience : ce faisant, ils nous transmettent la mémoire d’une expérience. Plus tard pourtant, l’interprétation monologique du passé est remplacée par une représentation polymodale où le souvenir s’enrichit d’une réorientation totale du vécu : c’est ce que nous avons appelé « l’expérience de la mémoire ».
La influencia de la literatura gótica en Francia: traducciones francesas y relatos de Ducray-Duminil y Arlincourt
Authors: García Calderón Ángeles
Published: May 2018

Travail portant sur l'influence et la diffusion en France de ce que l'on a dé- nommé « Ghotic Fiction » ou « Gothic Novel », par le biais des traductions fran- çaises qui parurent presque en même temps que les textes originaux: c'est ainsi que l'œuvre The Castle of Otranto (1764) d'Horace Walpole fut traduite seulement trois ans après sa parution. Après avoir établi un répertoire complet des traductions faites jusqu'aux années trente, l'on analyse les deux auteurs qui ont le plus été influencés par le gothique: DucrayDuminil et Arlincourt, auteurs chez qui il existe un mélange de gothique et de ce que l'on pourrait appeler le « roman noir » proprement dit.
Les récits en français des voyageurs-pèlerins en Espagne à la fin du XIXe siècle : un témoignage historique et idéologique
Authors: Iñarrea Las Heras Ignacio
Published: May 2018

Los relatos en francés de viajes a España en el siglo XIX que contienen una visita piadosa de Compostela son realmente escasos. Por el momento, se han encontrado cinco, escritos hacia el final de esta época. El análisis de la peregrinación a Compostela ha sido el punto de partida que ha permitido descubrir en las cinco obras una misma ideología, compartida por todos sus autores. Se ha encontrado la expresión de un punto de vista muy conservador en materia de creencias religiosas, de política, de cultura, de economía e incluso de literatura. La exposición de las experiencias vividas y la descripción de los lugares visitados en España (y no solo en Galicia) van acompañadas de reflexiones apesadumbradas (como la crítica de la mala situación del catolicismo y del clero en Francia durante la Tercera República) o de declaraciones exaltadas y combativas en defensa de la fe (como el elogio de la confesión católica en España). Por ello, cabe concluir que estos escritores no son únicamente viajeros-peregrinos. Son también testigos reaccionarios de su tiempo.
Grieta en la pared, carcoma interior. Realidad frente a deseo en Emma Bovary y Ana Ozores. Perspectiva temática
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Concepción
Published: May 2018

Cet article met en confrontation les personnages d’Emma Bovary et Ana Ozores suivant une optique critique thématique. A travers le mode de perception du réel sur certains éléments d’ordre cosmologique ou matériel, sont envisagées une série d’images récurrentes qui ont une prégnance symbolique. Ces images, qui sont émergence du niveau psychosensoriel du texte, touchent donc à la dimension spécifiquement individuelle concernant le mode de perception et la construction d’une rêverie de la réalité dans l’écriture. Or des parallélismes peuvent être établis entre l’écriture de Flaubert et celle de Clarín.
Aménager les textes pour mieux les comprendre en Français Langue Étrangère : le type « élaboration » comme proposition
Authors: Ruiz de Zarobe Leyre
Published: May 2018

La didactique des langues étrangères considère généralement que les textes (input) authentiques peuvent être de nature trop complexe pour l’apprenant, surtout aux stades initiaux et intermédiaires de son apprentissage, et qu’il est préférable de lui offrir dans ce cas, des textes (input) modifiés ou didactisés, considérés comme plus « faciles » à comprendre, et donc, à acquérir. La modification textuelle la plus répandue en didactique est la modification connue sous le nom de «simplification», quoique récemment on se penche plutôt pour un autre type de modification appelée « élaboration ». L’objet de notre recherche est d’étudier si les textes « élaborés » se comprennent mieux que les textes authentiques, et quel type de compréhension (littérale ou inférentielle) est favorisée. Pour ceci, nous avons réalisé une investigation comparant la compréhension écrite d’un texte authentique et de ce même texte élaboré de la part d’étudiants espagnols de Français Langue Étrangère de niveau intermédiaire. Nos resultats montrent que le texte élaboré se comprend mieux que l’authentique et qu’il favorise les deux types de compréhension. L’« élaboration » se révèle une modification préférable à la simplification, car elle maintient le style des textes authentiques.
Traducción de referencias culturales en textos biomédicos sobre enfermedades neuromusculares (francés-español)
Authors: Sánchez Trigo Elena , Varela Vila Tamara
Published: May 2018

Les études concernant la traduction de textes biomédicaux ne mettent pas souvent l’accent sur les aspects culturels. Cependant, dans ces textes on trouve également des références à des éléments spécifiques du contexte socioculturel dans lequel ils ont été créés. Le but de notre étude est d'analyser les stratégies suivies pour la traduction des références culturelles présentes dans un corpus de textes en français sur les maladies neuromusculaires que nous avons traduits à l'espagnol. Les références identifiées sont classées, analysées et les traductions proposées justifiées. Cette étude permettra de fournir des données sur un nouvel aspect concernant les difficultés de traduction de textes biomédicaux.
Los personajes de Modiano, parias y europeos
Authors: Andrade Boué Pilar
Published: May 2018

Cet article aborde les personnages de l’oeuvre de Modiano à partir du concept de «paria», pris non seulement comme synonyme de juif, mais aussi comme synonyme d’étranger, dans le but de, d’une part, mettre en évidence les rapports entre ces personnages et les temps et espaces européens évoqués dans les textes, et, d’autre part, faire remarquer que ceux-ci ont une valeur exemplaire en ce qu’ils évoquent un élément fondamental de l’identité européenne : le fait que, dans la période de l’entre-deux-guerres, elle a été reconstruite et remodelée par des flux migratoires internes permanents.
Espace et langage: La Tour d’amour de Rachilde et la Tour de Babel
Authors: Justel Pablo
Published: May 2018

Cet article se propose d’offrir une analyse des rapports entre l’espace et les personnages dans La Tour d’amour, roman de la Décadence dont l’auteur est Rachilde. En particulier, ce travail cherche à étudier comment l’espace a atrophié le langage et les capacités communicatives de l’un des personnages et, par réaction, en fera de même avec l’autre. À partir de l’utilisation des mythes par la romancière, des références à la divinité et, notamment, des nombreux exemples de la corruption du langage, on postulera que le phare où ils habitent peut être interprété comme une sorte de Tour de Babel décadente.
Pères et filles dans les romans de Corinne Hoex
Authors: Ninanne Dominique
Published: May 2018

Este artículo propone un recorrido a lo largo de tres novelas de la escritora belga de lengua francesa Corinne Hoex: Le Grand Menu (2001), Ma robe n’est pas froissée (2008) y Le Ravissement des femmes (2012), con el objeto de estudiar las relaciones entre padres e hijas. En él, se analizan los mecanismos emocionales con que las hijas, fascinadas por la figura del padre, son sometidas por este. Por otra parte, se hace hincapié en la importancia de los espacios, tanto como escenario de estos vínculos enfermizos como de su posible liberación.
Transcripción cinematográfica de la mirada erótica del fotógrafo Bellocq en Pretty Baby de Louis Malle
Authors: Parejo Nekane
Published: May 2018

Au début du XXe siècle Ernest James Bellocq a photographié avec son appareil photo l’image des prostituées de la Nouvelle- Orléans. Des années plus tard, Louis Malle a donné vie à ce mystérieux photographe sur l’écran dans le contreversé film La petite (Pretty Baby, 1978). Trois questions se posent en faisant un étude précis des oeuvres de ces auteurs. L’une d’elles se centre sur le parallélisme entre le personnage de Bellocq et celui que Malle a recrée dans son film. Une deuxième question est en rapport avec la représentation cinématographique des filles photographiées dans le bordel de Storyville. Et finalement, on va aborder l’acte photographique pour déterminer la transcription construite par le cinéaste.
La lectura del tiempo en la obra de Pierre Bayard
Authors: Garayalde Nicolás
Published: May 2018

En este artículo ofrecemos una interpretación de la crítica anacrónica de Pierre Bayard con el objetivo de indagar la relación entre el tiempo y la literatura y problematizar el modo en que entendemos la historia literaria. Para ello, analizaremos las estrategias deconstruccionistas desplegadas por el crítico francés (como la ironía y la paradoja) que conducen a nociones como plagio por anticipado. Esto nos llevará a una comparación con otros modos de pensar la historia literaria como los que encontramos en Harold Blooom y Hans-Robert Jauss. Finalmente, nuestro artículo buscará fundamentar la hipótesis según la cual la problematización de la historia literaria conduce a una teoría de la lectura.
Présences de la mer dans l’œuvre de Corinne Hoex
Authors: Ninanne Dominique
Published: May 2018

Esta contribución recorre la obra narrativa y poética de la escritora belga de lengua francesa Corinne Hoex (1946) a partir del hilo conductor del mar; temática justificada por su omnipresencia en su escritura. En los textos seleccionados, la novela Ma robe n’est pas froissée (2008) así como los libros de poesía La Nuit, la mer (2009) y Les Mots arrachés (2015), analizamos el papel fundado que desempeña el mar en la identidad del personaje narrador y en su percepción de relaciones familiares dolorosas. Se tratará, por otra parte, de estudiar cómo el personaje utiliza un mar real o soñado para expre ar su sufrimiento y liberarse de ello.
Écrire vrai : la posture d’authenticité chez Agota Kristof et Katalin Molnár
Authors: Ori Julia
Published: May 2018

Agota Kristof y Katalin Molnár, dos autoras franco-húngaras del siglo XX, comparten la preocupación por utilizar un lenguaje que pueda expresar una cierta realidad y verdad. Para eso, se alejan de la lengua francesa normativa y escriben en un lenguaje incorrecto, más apto a representar su diferencia. Sin embargo, mientras que Kristof lo hace queriendo llegar a una máxima objetividad, Molnár escribe de forma exageradamente subjetiva. En el presente artículo examinamos la postura textual y extratextual de estas autoras respecto a la posibilidad de escribir, mediante el análisis del lenguaje en la trilogía d Molnár.
El poeta hispano-belga Léon van Montenaeken
Authors: Palenque Marta , Giné Marta
Published: May 2018

Léon van Montenaeken es el nombre de un poeta hispano-belga no advertido hasta la fecha en la historia de la literatura en lengua francesa. Aunque nacido en Amberes, vivió en Sevilla desde su niñez. Es autor de un único libro de poesía, titulado Rimes futiles (1879), pero colaboró en importantes revistas como La Jeune Belgique y mereció ser incluido en la antología Parnasse de la Jeune Belgique (1887). Este ensayo aporta información inédita que permite conocer la biografía y obra de este autor.
«Informationner» la rumeur ou «rumorer» l’information: deux faces de la même médaille (l’exemple de la presse bulgare)
Authors: Meteva-Rousseva Elena
Published: May 2018

L’article fait ressortir les marques linguistiques et extralinguistiques, sur lesquelles jouent certains journaux bulgares soit pour rendre fiable une rumeur qu’ils relatent, tout en prenant prudemment leurs distances, soit pour ébranler la crédibilité d’un dit. Dans les deux cas la stratégie est la même: mélange d’indices qui vont dans les sens opposés, et, en fonction de l’effet recherché, ce sont soit celles qui valident la vérité du dit, soit celles qui le mettent en doute qui prédominent. Ce jeu permet aux journalistes de prendre part au jeu politique, d’orienter l’opinion publique, sans courir pour autant aucun risque.
Le double rapport oral-écrit et écrit-oral dans la revue de presse radiophonique
Authors: Pršir Tea
Published: May 2018

Cette étude propose une description de l'apport de la prosodie à la circulation du discours dans la revue de presse radiophonique. Une analyse outillée, illustrée par Prosogrammes, montre l'ampleur des variations prosodiques chez le locuteur. Une analyse polyphonique explique que ces variations sont dues aux différentes voix originaires tant du support écrit (journaux) que du support oral (tribune, conférences).
Le discours des objets. Pratiques et techniques de circulation, entre clandestinité et exhibition discursive
Authors: Paveau Marie-Anne , Rosier Laurence
Published: May 2018

Nous étudions la circulation matérielle des discours. Nous nous proposons de centrer notre recherche sur des objets matériels liés à des pratiques sociales de circulation de discours écrits, produits dans des contextes socio-historiques particuliers. La circulation est traitée concrètement: ce sont des discours qui se déplacent spatialement (circulation) ou temporellement (transmission) grâce à des supports matériels, corps, objets ou artefacts. Nous dépassons les matérialités scripturales traditionnelles (comme la lettre ou le message par exemple) pour des objets où s'imbriquent le discours verbal et son «support» considéré comme organisateur socio-cognitif (par exemple: objets publicitaires qui se font discours épidictiques, drapeau militaire où les noms des batailles constituent une biographie du groupe). Le point commun de ces pratiques est d'être produites dans des situations socioculturelles et des contextes contraignants où le discours doit circuler clandestinement ou spectaculairement.
Le discrédit du pèlerin de Compostelle dans les récits français de voyages en Espagne des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Iñarrea Las Heras Ignacio
Published: May 2018

En la Edad Moderna, el peregrino de Compostela vio disminuir progresivamente el respeto del que gozó en la Edad Media. Los abusos y las malas prácticas, así como los vagabundos y los mendigos disfrazados de peregrinos, tuvieron mucho que ver con este desprestigio. Los textos de varios viajeros franceses (no peregrinos) por España son un buen ejemplo de esta visión negativa en los siglos XVII y XVIII. Sin embargo, también constituyen un testimonio del mantenimiento del viaje piadoso a Compostela, que aún está lejos de desaparecer. Hubo también, en el siglo XVIII, verdaderos peregrinos franceses que escribieron relatos de sus viajes a Galicia. No critican el culto a Santiago, pero sus narraciones permiten apreciar aspectos negativos de este fenómeno religioso. Estos dos grupos de textos muestran que la decadencia de la peregrinación a Compostela es en sí misma, paradójicamente, una prueba de la supervivencia de esta práctica en el período indicado.
Cette étrange étrangère qu’est l’exilée: Adélaïde Blasquez
Authors: Montes Villar Luisa
Published: May 2018

La literatura del exilio republicano español escrita en francés ha sido poco investigada, escasamente traducida y, en consecuencia, apenas leída por los lectores hispanófonos. Este artículo pretende contribuir al conocimiento de la misma trazando un somero recorrido acerca de la trayectoria de algunos de estos escritores y, en particular, de la vida y obra de Adelaida Blázquez, exiliada a Bélgica en 1936 y, posteriormente a Francia tras la liberación de Paris en 1944. En sus obras Les Ténebres du dehors (1981) y Le Bel Exil (1999) aflora el imaginario del exilio, de la infancia y de la distancia creada con su lengua natal y con su país de origen.
Pratique de l’extranéité dans l’écriture d’Abdelkébir Khatibi
Authors: Moustir Hassan
Published: May 2018

Elevada a la categoría de concepto operacional en la escritura –tanto de ficción como crítica– de Abdelkébir Khatibi (1938-2009), la noción de «extranjero profesional» designa esa alteridad cosmopolita que reduce las diferencias identitarias y anula las diferencias culturales. Las obras de ficción tardías de Khatibi, sobre todo Un été à Stockholm (1990) y Féerie d’un mutant (2005) presentan una «extranjería» ontológica en ruptura con cualquier arraigo cultural afianzado y definitivo. Los personajes de estas dos obras, que se desenvuelven en un espacio global privados de arraigo cultural e identitario fijo, encarnan una idea de la «extranjería» y una práctica de traspaso de fronteras lingüísticas y culturales que invitan a reflexionar sobre el significado de la escritura y de la identidad desterritorializadas.
Lecturas del extranjero en l’Homme à l’envers de Fred Vargas
Authors: Robustillo Bayón Eva
Published: May 2018

L’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer la construction du personnage de Lawrence Donald Jonhstone dans le roman policier L’Homme à l’envers, de l’auteure française Fred Vargas. Nous analyserons, d’abord, comment ce Canadien –dont la description souligne explicitement des caractéristiques opposées à celles des habitants de la communauté qui l’accueille–est présenté comme un être déchiré, héritier de deux cultures différentes. Ensuite, nous observerons son lien avec le monde animal qui le définit en tant qu’être non humain, mi-homme mi-bête, étranger à la société. Comme nous le montrerons, ces deux aspects le prédisposent pour incarner la figure archétypique du coupable dans le cadre du système de personnages de ce roman.
Aportación de una mirada ecocrítica a los estudios francófonos
Authors: López Mújica Montserrat
Published: May 2018

La ecocrítica o crítica literaria ecológica está abriéndose camino poco a poco en el mundo académico universitario europeo. Sus seguidores están convencidos de los beneficios que, en estos momentos de crisis ambiental, puede aportar la ecocrítica en la enseñanza de la literatura, ya que además de dar una nueva visión de los textos estudiados contribuye, a su manera, a la recuperación del respeto por el medio ambiente que nos rodea, a restablecer nuestro vínculo con la tierra y con sus habitantes, y a tener una relación más estrecha con nuestro planeta. En este artículo se intentará acercar esa mirada ecocrítica a los estudios francófonos.