bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-situ LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating of Sulfates: Applicability of carbonate reference materials as matrix-matched standards
Authors: Beranoaguirre Aratz , Vasiliev Iuliana , Gerdes Axel
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Recent developments on analytical capabilities in the field of in situ laser ablation mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) have expanded the applications of U-Pb geochronometers in low-U minerals such as carbonates or garnets. Although the rapid evolution of the technique relies on well characterized matrix-matched reference materials, the use of non-matrix-matched standards has been evaluated given the unavailability of standards for some minerals. In this article, we explore the suitability of using carbonate as reference materials for in situ U-Pb dating of sulfates. We have used the astrochronologically dated gypsum and anhydrite samples deposited during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.97–5.33 Ma) and compared these dates with the U-Pb ages obtained by LA-ICPMS. Although the majority of the samples failed due to the elevated common-Pb content and low 238U / 204Pb ratios, five of the samples showed a higher dispersion on U / Pb ratios. The obtained dates in four of these samples are comparable with the expected ages while another gave an unexpected younger age, each of them with 6–11 % of uncertainty. The pit depth of the spots showed that the sulfates ablate faster than carbonates, but the offset due to the crater geometry mismatch or downhole fractionation is not noticeable. To sum up, the bias between the U-Pb and expected cyclostratigraphic ages, if any, is included in the uncertainty and thus, the results obtained here suggest that carbonate reference materials are reliable for in situ U-Pb dating of sulfates.
Added value of EURO-CORDEX high-resolution downscaling over the Iberian Peninsula revisited – Part 2: Max and min temperature
Authors: Careto João António Martins , Soares Pedro Miguel Matos , Cardoso Rita Margarida , Herrera Sixto , Gutiérrez José Manuel
Published: April 2022

Abstract. In the recent past, an increase in computation resources led to
the development of regional climate models with increasing domains and
resolutions, spanning larger temporal periods. A good example is the World
Climate Research Program – Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling
Experiment for the European domain (EURO-CORDEX). This set of regional
models encompasses the entire European continent for a 130-year common period
until the end of the 21st century, while having a 12 km horizontal
resolution. Such simulations are computationally demanding, while at the
same time not always showing added value. This study considers a recently
proposed metric in order to assess the added value of the EURO-CORDEX
hindcast (1989–2008) and historical (1971–2005) simulations for the maximum
and minimum temperature over the Iberian Peninsula. This approach allows an
evaluation of the higher against the driving lower resolutions relative to
the performance of the whole or partial probability density functions by
having an observational regular gridded dataset as a reference. Overall, the
gains for maximum temperature are more relevant in comparison to minimum
temperature, partially due to known problems derived from the
snow–albedo–atmosphere feedback. For more local scales, areas near the coast
reveal higher added value in comparison with the interior, which displays
limited gains and sometimes notable detrimental effects with values around
−30 %. At the same time, the added value for temperature extremes reveals
a similar range, although with larger gains in coastal regions and in
locations from the interior for maximum temperature, contrasting with the
losses for locations in the interior of the domain for the minimum
temperature.
The E3SM Diagnostics Package (E3SM Diags v2.6): A Python-based Diagnostics Package for Earth System Models Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Chengzhu , Golaz Jean-Christophe , Forsyth Ryan , Vo Tom , Xie Shaocheng , Shaheen Zeshawn , Potter Gerald L. , Asay-Davis Xylar S. , Zender Charles S. , Lin Wuyin , Chen Chih-Chieh , Terai Chris R. , Mahajan Salil , Zhou Tian , Balaguru Karthik , Tang Qi , Tao Cheng , Zhang Yuying , Emmenegger Todd , Ullrich Paul
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The E3SM Diagnostics Package (E3SM Diags) is a modern, Python-based Earth System Model (ESM) evaluation tool (with Python module name e3sm_diags), developed to support the Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). E3SM Diags provides a wide suite of tools for evaluating native E3SM output, as well as ESM data on regular latitude longitude grids, including output from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) class models. E3SM Diags is modeled after the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) atmospheric model working group (AMWG) diagnostics package. In its version 1 release, E3SM Diags included a set of core essential diagnostics to evaluate the mean physical climate from model simulations. As of version 2.6, more process-oriented and phenomenon-based evaluation diagnostics have been implemented, such as analysis of the Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO), El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO), streamflow, diurnal cycle of precipitation, tropical cyclones and ozone. An in-situ dataset from DOE’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program has been integrated into the package for evaluating the representation of simulated cloud and precipitation processes. This tool is designed with enough flexibility to allow for the addition of new observational datasets and new diagnostic algorithms. Additional features include: customizable figures; streamlined installation, configuration and execution; and multiprocessing for fast computation. The package uses an up-to-date observational data repository maintained by its developers, where recent datasets are added to the repository as they become available. Finally, several applications for the E3SM Diags module were introduced to fit a diverse set of use cases from the scientific community.
Global assessment of sub-national drought impact based on the Geocoded Disasters dataset and land reanalysis
Authors: Kageyama Yuya , Sawada Yohei
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Despite the importance of a linkage between hydro-meteorological drought hazards and their socio-economic impact, the linkage at a sub-national level has yet to be evaluated due to the lack of precise sub-national information on disaster locations. Using the newly developed Geocoded Disasters (GDIS) dataset, we examined whether the sub-national socio-economic drought information could be represented by hydro-meteorological hazards quantified from soil moisture in ERA5-Land during 1964–2018. We found that ERA5-Land soil moisture accurately captured the socio-economic impacts of drought shown in GDIS. Our comparison between GDIS and ERA5-Land can quantify vulnerability to drought, and we found that Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia were vulnerable to drought while North America and Europe were robust to drought. Both GDIS and ERA5-Land indicated that the Horn of Africa, northern China, and western India were drought-prone areas. Since it is difficult for national-level analyses to accurately identify the locations of drought-prone areas especially in large countries such as China and India, our analysis clarifies the importance of the use of the sub-national disaster information.
Estimating propagation probability from meteorological to ecological droughts using a hybrid machine learning-Copula method
Authors: Jiang Tianliang , Su Xiaoling , Zhang Gengxi , Zhang Te , Wu Haijiang
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The impact of droughts on vegetation is essentially manifested as the transition of water shortage from the meteorological to ecological stages. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of drought propagation from meteorological to ecological drought is crucial for ecological conservation. This study proposes a method for calculating the probability of meteorological drought to trigger ecological drought at different magnitudes in Northwestern China. In this approach, meteorological and ecological drought events during 1982–2020 are identified using the three-dimensional identification method; the propagated drought events are extracted according to a certain spatio-temporal overlap rule; and propagation probability is calculated by coupling machine learning model and C-vine copula. The results indicate that: (1) 46 drought events are successfully paired by 130 meteorological and 184 ecological drought events during 1982–2020; ecological drought exhibits a longer duration, but smaller affected area and severity than meteorological drought; (2) Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) classifier performs the best among the 11 commonly used machine learning models which is combined with four-dimensional C-vine copula to construct drought propagation probability model; (3) the hybrid method considers more drought characteristics and more detailed propagation process which addresses the limited applicability of the traditional method to regions with large spatial extent.
A Scenario-based Case Study: AI to analyse casualties from landslides in Chittagong Metropolitan Area, Bangladesh
Authors: Sufi Fahim , Alam Edris , Islam Abu
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Understanding the complex dynamics of landslides is crucial for disaster planners to make timely and effective decision that saves lives and reduces the economic impact on society. Using the landslide inventory of Chittagong Metropolitan Area (CMA), we created a new Artificial Intelligence (AI) based insight system for the town planners and senior disaster recovery strategists of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Our system generates dynamic AI-based insights for a range of complex scenarios created from 7 different landslide feature attributes. The users of our system can select a particular kind of scenario out of the exhaustive list of 1.054X1041 possible scenario sets and our AI-based system will immediately predict how many casualties are likely to occur based on the selected kind of scenario. Moreover, an AI-based system shows how landslide attributes (e.g., rainfall, area of mass, elevation, etc.) correlate with landslide casualty by drawing detailed trend lines performing both linear and logistic regressions. According to literature and the best of our knowledge, our CMA scenario-based AI insight system is the first of its kind providing the most comprehensive understanding of landslide scenarios and associated deaths and damages in CMA. The system was deployed on a wide range of platforms including Android, iOS, and Windows systems so that it could be easily adapted to strategic disaster planners. The deployed solutions were handed down to 12 landslide strategists and disaster planners for evaluations whereby 91.67 % of users found the solution easy to use, effective and self-explanatory while using via mobile.
Characteristics of two tsunamis generated by successive Mw 7.4 and Mw 8.1 earthquakes in the Kermadec Islands on 4 March 2021
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Satake Kenji , Hu Gui
Published: April 2022

Abstract. On 4 March 2021, two tsunamigenic earthquakes (Mw 7.4 and Mw 8.1) occurred successively within 2 h in the Kermadec Islands, offshore New Zealand. We examined sea level records at tide gauges located at ∼100 to ∼2000 km from the epicenters, conducted Fourier and wavelet analyses as well as numerical modeling of both tsunamis. Fourier analyses indicated that the energy of the first tsunami is mainly distributed over the period range of 5–17 min, whereas it is 8–32 min for the second tsunami. Wavelet plots showed that the oscillations of the first tsunami continued even after the arrival of the
second tsunami. As the epicenters of two earthquakes are close to each other
(∼55 km), we reconstructed the source spectrum of the second tsunami by using the first tsunami as the empirical Green's function. The main spectral peaks are 25.6, 16.0, and 9.8 min. The results are similar to those calculated using tsunami-to-background ratio method and are also consistent with the source models.
Assessing the effectiveness and the economic impact of evacuation: the case of the island of Vulcano, Italy
Authors: Bonadonna Costanza , Asgary Ali , Romerio Franco , Zulemyan Tais , Frischknecht Corine , Cristiani Chiara , Rosi Mauro , Gregg Chris E. , Biass Sebastien , Pistolesi Marco , Menoni Scira , Ricciardi Antonio
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Evacuation planning and management represent a key aspect of volcanic
crises because they can increase people's protection as well as minimize
potential impacts on the economy, properties and infrastructure of the
affected area. We present an agent-based simulation tool that assesses the
effectiveness of different evacuation scenarios using the small island of
Vulcano (southern Italy) as a case study. Simulation results show that the
overall time needed to evacuate people should be analysed together with the
percentage of people evacuated as a function of time and that a simultaneous
evacuation on Vulcano is more efficient than a staged evacuation. For
example, during the touristic (high) season between July and August, even
though the overall duration is similar for both evacuation strategies, after
∼ 6 h about 96 % of people would be evacuated with a
simultaneous evacuation, while only 86 % would be evacuated with a staged
evacuation. We also present a model to assess the economic impact of
evacuation as a function of evacuation duration and of the starting period with
respect to the touristic season. It reveals that if an evacuation lasting 3 to 6 months was initiated at the beginning or at the end of the touristic
season (i.e. June or November), it would cause a very different economic
impact on the tourism industry (about 78 %–88 % and 2 %–7 % of the total
annual turnover, respectively). Our results show how the assessment of
evacuation scenarios that consider human and economic impact carried out in
a pre-disaster context helps authorities develop evacuation plans and make
informed decisions outside the highly stressful time period that
characterizes crises.
Spatially continuous snow depth mapping by airplane photogrammetry for annual peak of winter from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Bührle Leon J. , Marty Mauro , Eberhard Lucie A. , Stoffel Andreas , Hafner Elisabeth D. , Bühler Yves
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Information on snow depth and its spatial distribution is important for numerous applications such as the assessment of natural hazards, the determination of the available snow water equivalent (SWE) for hydropower, the dispersion and evolution of flora and fauna and the validation of snow-hydrological models. Due to the heterogeneity and complexity of snow depth distribution in alpine terrain, only specific remote sensing tools are able to accurately map the present variability. To cover large areas (> 100 km2), airborne laser scanners (ALS) or survey cameras mounted on piloted aircrafts are needed. Applying the active ALS leads to considerably higher costs compared to photogrammetry but also works in forested terrain. The passive photogrammetric method is more economic, but limited due to its dependency on good acquisition conditions (weather, sufficient light, contrast on the snow surface). In this study, we demonstrate the reliable and accurate photogrammetric processing of high spatial resolution (0.5 m) annual snow depth maps during peak of winter over a 5-year period under different acquisition conditions within a study area around Davos, Switzerland. Compared to previously carried out studies, using the new Vexcel Ultracam Eagle M3 survey sensor, improves the average ground sampling distance (GSD) to 0.1 m at similar flight altitudes above ground. This allows for very detailed snow depth maps, calculated by subtracting a snow-free digital terrain model (DTM acquired with ALS) from the snow-on digital surface models (DSMs) processed from the airborne imagery. Despite complex acquisition conditions during the recording of the Ultracam images (clouds, shaded areas and new-snow cover), 99 % of unforested areas were successfully reconstructed. We applied masks (high vegetation, settlements, waters, glaciers) to significantly increase the reliability of the snow depths measurements. An extensive accuracy assessment including the use of check points, the comparison to DSMs derived from unpiloted aerial systems (UAS), and the comparison of snow-free pixels to the ALS-DTM prove the high quality and accuracy of the generated snow depths. We achieve a root mean square error (RMSE) of approximately 0.25 m for the Ultracam X and 0.15 m for the successor sensor Ultracam Eagle M3. By developing an almost automated, consistent and reliable photogrammetric workflow for accurate snow depth distribution mapping over large regions, we provide a new tool for analysing snow in complex terrain. This enables more detailed investigations on seasonal snow dynamics and serves as ground reference for new modelling approaches as well as satellite-based snow depth mapping.
Analisis kemandirian keuangan daerah, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat di kabupaten kotawaringin barat
Authors: Arafah Neya , Neneng Sunaryo , Marpaung Karmen
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kemandirian keuangan daerah  terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat daerah di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder time series tahun 2009 – 2018 dianalisis menggunakan model analisis jalur (Path Analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kemandirian Keuangan daerah Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat berada pada kategori rendah. Kemandirian  keuangan  secara langsung mempunyai pengaruh postitif  terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Secara tidak langsung kemandirian  keuangan daerah mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat. Perlu peran pemerintah daerah Kotawaringin Barat untuk mendorong peningkatan pedapatan daerah dan penggunaan dari pendapatan pemerintah berupa belanja lebih difokuskan pada program pengentasan kemiskinan yang berbasis kearifan lokal
Keberadaan perusahaan crude palm oil pt agro lestari sentosa pada sosial ekonomi masyarakat di kelurahan tumbang talaken kecamatan manuhing kabupaten gunung mas
Authors: Marseli Marseli , Miar Miar , Pungan Yudi
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh keberadaan perusahaan Crude Palm Oil PT. Agro Lestari Sentosa tentang kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar perusahaan. Sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data primer sebanyak 30 orang. Teknik analisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap sosial ekonomi masyarakat Desa Tumbang Talaken berupa peningkatan sarana dan prasarana, membuka lapangan usaha dan lapangan kerja serta meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat setelah adanya perusahaan kelapa sawit PT. Agro Lestari Sentosa. Hasil analisis pendapatan sebelum (2005) dan setelah berdirinya perusahaan (2018) dengan uji beda menunjukkan peningkatan pendapatan rata-rata hampir 150%
Pemanfaatan limbah industri tahu dalam meningkatkan pendapatan pengusaha tahu di kota palangkaraya
Authors: Saputri Widi , Irawan Irawan , Sabirin Sabirin
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bahwa jumlah ampas tahu (limbah), harga dan jumlah peternak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan pendapatan pengusaha tahu di kota Palangka Raya Kalimantan Tengah. Manfaat penelitian, menambah pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan limbah untuk pengembangan industri tahu di Kota Palangkaraya. Data penelitian adalah data primer dari 30 responden melalui teknik wawancara. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan, bahwa setiap penambahan 1 kilogram ampas tahu akan menyebabkan peningkatan pendapatan pengusaha industri tahu sebesar Rp. 1.013,61 dan setiap penambahan 1 unit harga jual ampas tahu akan menyebabkan peningkatan pendapatan pengusaha industri tahu sebesar Rp. 10.560,29. Kontribusi pemanfaatan limbah dari industri tahu memiliki nilai ekonomi dan nilai jual bagi pengusaha dan peternak tahu
Consumer Acceptability of Empanada stuffed with Rabbit meat (Lapanada) Using Baking and Frying Method of Cooking
Authors: Espiritu Jocelyn , Uy Eleonora , Gatdula Michelle
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to develop a healthier version of the empanada by using rabbit meat (lapan) and to determine its consumer acceptability through empanada stuffed with rabbit meat (lapanada). An experimental research design was used to evaluate the product using a 9-category Hedonic scale method to be selected by thirty (30) semi-trained panelists from Bulacan Agricultural State College.Deep fat frying and baking methods were used in the development of the product, with three (3) different percentages of lapan meat being used as the main ingredient of "lapanada". The study revealed that in terms of crust, the baking method was slightly more acceptable than deep-fat frying. In terms of meat filling, 50\% of lapan meat was the most acceptable. Analysis of variance on attributes of fillings in terms of appearance has no significant difference with the methods used. However, in terms of aroma, savory, and mustiness, the fillings were significant and highly significant to the baked method of cooking "lapanada." Also, in terms of texture, the results showed that there was no significant difference with its methods used.The result of the study was a product pioneer or bearer of BASC when it comes to utilizing rabbit meat (lapan) as the main ingredient of the food product. Standard procedures for Lapanada processing were subjected to intellectual property protection to ensure secrecy of the process and trade product. It is recommended to conduct further studies for the shelf-life test and nutrient analysis of "lapanada" to establish the credibility of the product in terms of microbiological characteristics and nutritive value. Market research must be conducted to establish empirical data as a benchmark for future improvements.
Women’s Gender Discrimination Difference in Workplace
Authors: Huang Chiung-Hui , Huang Ing-Chung
Published: April 2022

Although many studies have pointed to the fact that women directly experience gender discrimination, relatively little has been explored about which individual and organizational variables of women in the workplace are more sensitive to gender discrimination. This article has been conducted in an attempt to investigate the individual and organizational characteristics of female workers who are sensitive to gender discrimination. A total of 415 participants were included in this study. The results indicate that while participants' age, salary, and position are significantly and negatively related to gender discrimination; tenure years is significantly and positively related to gender discrimination. Besides, participants' education is not significantly relative to gender discrimination. Furthermore, while participants who have no spouses perceive greater gender discrimination than those who have spouses; participants whose careers are ever intermittent perceive greater gender discrimination than those whose careers are never intermittent. In addition, according to the organizational variables, firm size is significantly and negatively related to gender discrimination. While participants who work in production or administrative department perceive greater gender discrimination than those who work in sales department; participants who work in manufacture industry perceive greater gender discrimination than those who work in service industry. The results can serve as a basis for understanding women's cognition of gender discrimination in the workplace.
Projecting Liberation in Postwar Italian Cinema
Authors: Sherazi Melanie Masterton
Published: April 2022

The transnational flows of cultural capital generated by African American artists working in postwar Rome, with its thriving film industry and where many performers found ample work in the culture industries, remain largely unexamined. An exploration of the film Anna’s Sin (1952), through its core cast members’ careers and key scenes, demonstrates desegregationist and antifascist cultural work in the postwar Italian cinema and complicates divisions of high and popular culture. The film’s active attempts at undoing binarisms of race, class, gender and culture—however incomplete—emerge from the period’s mounting political struggles for greater social freedoms and mobilities. These dynamics play out on screen in a postwar Roman milieu but are inextricably wrapped up with the US Black freedom struggle. Through its main characters’ lives, both on and off screen, Anna’s Sin juxtaposes the struggles of racialized and gendered subjects. The film projects on screen new modes of relationality, particularly through its central interracial love story, presenting its viewers with new possibilities for seeing and being in the world. With an eye toward the then utopic horizon of the 1960s, such postwar filmic work made anticipatory claims upon its transnational audiences to imagine and to activate better, more expansive futures.
Taft’s Chair, Serra Cross, and Other Props
Authors: Orr Stanley
Published: April 2022

As Carey McWilliams notes in Southern California Country: An Island on the Land (1946), theatricality has persisted as a central tactic of empire in the U.S. borderlands—from the rituals Spanish missionaries used to attract Native Americans to the historical dramas of Anglo-American boosters. The early decades of the twentieth century saw a number of plays that, in the words of Chelsea K. Vaughn, “romanticized the Spanish and Mexican periods of California history before assigning them comfortably to the past.” These include John S. McGroarty’s The Mission Play (1912) and Garnet Holme’s adaptation of Ramona (1923) as well as his original drama The Mission Pageant of San Juan Capistrano (1924). Such dramas were anticipated by ceremonial pageants that took place at Mission Revival hotels throughout the early twentieth century—to wit, Governor Theodore Roosevelt’s visit to the 1899 Rough Riders Reunion at the Castañeda Hotel in Las Vegas, New Mexico, and President William Howard Taft’s 1909 Columbus Day sojourn at the Glenwood Mission Inn, in Riverside, California. Each of these “hospitality pageants” casts the visiting dignitary as a typological protagonist—the Anglo-American “antitype” of the Spanish “type” embodied in conquistadores and/or missionaries.
Impact of Social Media Advertisement on Users Buying Behavior with Special Emphasis on Maharashtra
Authors: Kumbhar Digvijay
Published: April 2022

Social media is a very intimate topic for today's generation. As the number of social media and social media users grows, so does the number of advertisements on social media. This paper aims to study and understand the impact created on social media advertising among the peoples in Maharashtra State and to analyze how advertisements on social media platforms were affecting people’s buying behavior as well as what was the motivation behind users to use social media, how users react on social media advertisements and what kind of impact advertising companies have created on people’s behavior because of the same. To achieve this purpose, a questionnaire was used as a medium to gather primary data from the respondents using a random sampling technique. People of almost all types of occupations were using social media and most users used social media for work or information purposes with entertainment and thus more advertisements were being aired on such sites. From this research, it was found that people were reluctant to buy after watching these advertisements. It was a matter of satisfaction that there was no increase in purchases when there was no need.
A Comparative Study of Teachers from Government and Private School with Reference to Awareness of Provisions of Right to Education in Gandhinagar District
Authors: Gohil Bhumika , Kanzariya Dinesh
Published: April 2022

Education is a human right and essential for the realization of all other human rights. It is a fundamental right that helps people to live in human dignity. The right to education is a fundamental human right. Every individual, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnic or social origin, religion or political opinion, age or disability, has the right to free primary education. Therefore, the present study attempted to determine the awareness of the right to education among secondary school teachers. The sample of 200 school teachers was drawn in the present study. The researcher used a self-made questionnaire consisting of 34 multiple-choice questions. It was found in the study that there is significant difference amongst teachers from Government schools and Private School. The reason for the study is to accelerate the progress and development of the nation. Education is the only means that brings about national integration. A nation's educational success is also an indicator of national pride.
Development of prototyping as an alternative for trauma reconstruction in a common sloth limb (Bradypus variegatus).
Authors: Santos Priscila Melo , Ferreira Sandra Peres , Frosch Renato , Jarreta Georgea , Baron Erica Elias , Gimarães Juliana Plácido
Published: April 2022

Specimens of Bradypus variegatus are commonly found with thoracic limbs lesions, victims of electric shock sit-ins or trampling, presenting injuries such as loss of claws and fractures, compromising their locomotion and ability to pick up their food causing the animal to die. The aim of this study was to perform a prototyping of the common sloth limb (Bradypus variegatus), using radiographic images, digital modeling software and 3D printing, for future implantation in common sloths who suffered trauma in thoracic limb. Thus, it was intended to compensate for the absence of bone structure by rapid prototyping, establishing at least the possibility of support and to obtain food.
Impact of The Covid-19 Pandemic on The Psychological Response of Adolescents: A Literature Review
Authors: Zainuri Ahmad , Endro Sulistyono Raden , Maisyaroh Arista , Mahardhika Rahmawati Primasari
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The covid-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (Sars cov2), is an unprecedented disease with a tremendous impact on all of humanity, with long-term consequences that still need to be uncovered. This virus spread rapidly and globally in a very short time causing panic and resulted in restrictions imposed by public health authorities in many countries of the world, including travel bans, limiting social gatherings and closing public schools. The purpose of this literature review is to explore or find relationships or find out the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on adolescent psychological responses. Methods: This study uses a literature review method with article searches conducted on the Pubmed, Sciene Direct and Scopus electronic databases. There were 686 articles in the search databases Pubmed, Sciene Direct and Scopus but only 10 articles met all the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Result: The covid-19 pandemic which is the focus of international studies (WHO) can affect the physical and mental health of a teenager. The prevalence of mental/psychological disorders in adolescents is quite high. Conclusion: Based on the results of a review of 10 literatures reviewed, based on the characteristics of respondents in the covid-19 pandemic study, there are changes in lifestyle during quarantine, have negative and potentially prolonged effects on mental health of each age in adolescents, lack of social support from parents, friends Peers and teachers at school can be at risk for their psychological disorders. There are 4 psychological symptoms, such as stress, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances.
The Application of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on Dermatitis Patients with Impaired Skin Integrity in Agricultural Areas: A Literature Review
Authors: Rizeki Dwi FIbriansari  , Siti Eka Yuni  , Arista Maisyaroh  , Eko Prasetya Widianto
Published: April 2022

Virgin Coconut Oil is a non-pharmacological therapy that can be applied to overcome the problem of impaired skin integrity. Virgin coconut oil contains antioxidants and is rich in vitamin E. The aim of the review was to determine the effect of VCO on impaired skin integrity in farmers with dermatitis. Initial searches for articles were made on Google Scholar and PubMed. Studies on the application of virgin coconut oil found 2,560 articles/journals but only 8 articles met the search criteria. According to search results, virgin coconut oil therapy can solve the problem of impaired skin integrity. Besides, it is also very important to be applied as a non-pharmacological therapy for farmers who are at risk of contact dermatitis. It is hoped that health professionals can recommend this as a therapy for disease problems related to impaired skin integrity such as dermatitis.
Monoblocks in root canals
Authors: Mahajan Akshita , Kaur Nimrita Preet , Ayoub Khushboo
Published: April 2022

The term “monoblock” has become a familiar term in the endodontic literature with recent interest in the application of dentin adhesive technology to endodontics. Endodontic “monoblocks” have generated controversial discussions among academicians and clinicians as to whether they are able to improve the quality of seal in root fillings and to strengthen roots. The ultimate challenge for successful endodontic therapy is to establish a homogenous unit of the root canals which requires a hermetic seal. Adhesion of root canal sealers to dentin is important to seal the root canal system thoroughly and to prevent microleakage. Bonding of root filling materials to the radicular dentin is known as ‘monoblocks’ which has become more popular after introduction of bonding concept in the root canal system.
Immediate tooth extraction, placement of a tapered implant, and provisionalization in the esthetic zone
Authors: Bali Vikram , Singh Aman , Bhalla Pritish
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This clinical report describes an immediate tooth extraction, followed by placement and pro- visional restoration of a dental implant in the prepared socket of a left maxillary central incisor. Materials and Methods: The tooth was extracted with minimal hard and soft tissue trauma and without flap reflection. A flapless, transmucosal surgical approach was used to prepare the socket and insert a tapered implant. The implant was immedi ately restored with a provisional abutment and crown without occlusal contacts. Results: During the period of provisional progressive loading, no significant soft tissue contraction was observed related to noninvasive operating techniques and the immediate insertion of the provisional restoration. The patient exhibited no clinical or radiologic complications through 8 months of clinical moni toring after loading. Conclusion: The Pivot Morse Line® implant  and all-ceramic restoration provided the patient with immediate esthetics, function, and comfort without any complications during the postloading follow-up period.
role of home ownership credit in the concept of time value for money and the effect of banking credit costs in pandemic era
Authors: Sitorus Enrich Van Bosar , Sormin Gabriela CM , Muda Iskandar
Published: April 2022

Money and its function in economic activities are not only based on the value listed in it but also there is time involvement that makes the value of money increase or decrease. The effect of time on the value of money is known as the concept of time value of money. This concept is important because it can help us to make decision for investing, taking loans, insurance, and other economy transaction. For the benefit of the people in a country the concept of time value of money is used to determine the amount of interest rates in home ownership credit. Home ownership lenders can use SWOT methods to develop a home ownership credit program with directed supervision so that risks can be prevented and benefits can be enjoyed.
Effectiveness of instructional program on women knowledge about infant protection during breast feeding by infected woman with COVID-19 in Kirkuk city
Authors: Hanon Rabab Hamoudy , Ali Rabea Mohsen
Published: April 2022

Background: In women affected by other coronavirus infections such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV), the mortality rate appeared higher in women affected in pregnancy compared with non-pregnant women. COVID-19 prompted implementation of public health protocols to control the transmission of the virus, many of them required social distancing, hand washing, and lockdown procedures, but has also resulted in creating public anguish and massive fear, especially among the unaffected persons. Objectives: To assess pregnant women's knowledge about who can protect the baby during Brest feeding when mother infected by corona virus before and after implementation of instruction program and to determine the effectiveness of instruction program on pregnant women knowledge about protection methods of neonate during pandemic. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was conducted during the period from (6th June 2021 through 20th August 2021) on non-probability sample (purposive) consists of (100 pregnant women) who visited the primary health care center. The sample knowledge was exposed to pretest, educational program, posttest.
empirical study on knowledge sharing practices of it sector managers in telengana region
Authors: Saravanan N.R , Trishla T
Published: April 2022

An online questionnaire was used to collect data from 203 information technology managers in the Telagana region about their knowledge-sharing procedures and their organization's overall success. Model validation and hypothesis evaluation relied on data analysis via structural equation modelling. According to the data, there appears to be a strong connection between the model structures. Because of this, we have gotten a better understanding of the elements that impact knowledge exchange in the information technology sector. A beneficial influence on an organization's performance in terms of cost savings, revenue growth, and other intangible benefits can be deduced from these researches. Using the conclusions of this study, the IT industry can benefit from better information-sharing practises. To help practitioners improve their knowledge-sharing procedures within their own businesses, this study provides critical information. Web 2.0 and other knowledge-sharing technologies, for example, should be prioritised by management in their IT infrastructure to allow both tacit and explicit information interchange. According to the findings, businesses can pass expert knowledge to younger generations of employees via knowledge-sharing events. That means organisations in the information technology field can benefit from this approach by better retaining employee expertise and reducing employee departures.
Gene expression analysis of Aerva javanica and Parkinsonia aculeata synthesized gold nanoparticles in Cervical and Liver cancer cell lines
Authors: Das Pradip , Latha M Bavani
Published: April 2022

Chemotherapy is effective in many cancer treatments compare to surgery and radiation. Due to its side effects and multidrug resistance, Nanoparticles synthesized from some of the medicinal plants are one of the prominent alternatives for the treatment of various diseases. In our present study, Synthesized the AuNPs from Aerva javanica and Parkinsonia aculeata extract and studied the p53, caspase-3, Caspase-9 and NF-kB gene expression in HeLa and HepG2 cell lines by Real-time PCR. p53 gene down regulation was observed in Aerva javanica AuNPs treated HeLa cells compared to HepG2 cells and caspase-3, Caspase-9 and NF-kB gene expression levels were not changed in both cell lines. Parkinsonia aculeata AuNPs treated HeLa and HepG2 cells not showed any changes in gene expression levels of studied genes. Based on the present results concluding the Aerva javanica AuNPs are effective anti-cancer activity on cervical cancer cells.
Influencing factors on prenatal depression in unmarried pregnant women
Authors: Kim In Joo
Published: April 2022

The results of this study is show that the higher the self-control and the lower the anxiety, the higher the self-control and the lower the anxiety level, the higher the level of prenatal depression is assessed and Based on this, the there is a need to develop and apply nursing interventions for unmarried pregnant women. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 24.O through mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that self-control had a negative correlation. In addition, the factors affecting prenatal depression in unmarried pregnant women were self-control and anxiety, and the explanatory power was 24.7%. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop a nursing intervention program to effectively manage the prenatal depression and postpartum depression clusters of unmarried pregnant women.
Effects of ESWT, FES, and TENS on the muscle tone and activity functions of stroke patients
Authors: Jung-Ho Lee , Yong-Jin Jeon
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effects of three electrotherapy intervention methods on abnormally elevated muscle tone and reduced functional activities, such as walking, in stroke patients with central nervous system (CNS) injuries. A total of 32 subjects diagnosed with stroke were randomized into three experimental groups: Experimental Group 1 received extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT); Experimental Group 2 received functional electrical stimulation (FES); and Experimental Group 3 received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). MyotonPRO was used to measure abnormal muscle tone in stroke patients, and the timed up and go test (TUG) was employed to evaluate their functional activity by measuring their gait speed before and after the interventions. All three therapeutic interventions were applied to the triceps brachii, wrist extensors, quadriceps femoris, and tibialis anterior muscles three times a week for six weeks. In this study, decreased muscle tone of the triceps brachii and the wrist and increased gait speed were observed in Experimental Group 1, and decreased muscle tone of the tibialis anterior muscle and increased gait speed were observed in Experimental Group 2.
A Study on the Construction of Female Subjectivity in Disney’s Animated Film Mulan in Light of Articulation Theory
Authors: MI Yaoge
Published: April 2022

Disney’s animated film Mulan is adapted from the traditional Chinese folktale “Mulan disguises herself as a man to fight on behalf of her father”. Different from the loyal and filial figure of Mulan in Chinese traditional folktale, Disney portrays Mulan as a heroine who pursues personal value and self-actualization. Although it is quite different from Mulan figure in Chinese folktale, it is found that the construction of female subjectivity in Disney’s Mulan is a double layer articulation structure after a detailed analysis of the film text from the perspective of Stuart Hall’s articulation theory. The purpose of the first layer of articulation is to construct the field of struggle for the construction of female subjectivity in the film, and the second layer aims to reveal the connotation of emancipation of Disney’s Mulan figure through an analysis of the constructive process of Mulan’s female subjectivity. Finally, it is concluded that the female subjectivity constructed in the film is based on the recognition of gender differences, integrating masculinity and femininity, and mobilizing all individuals in the society to achieve women’s emancipation and gender equality. This feminist discourse provides an alternative logic for society with women’s life experiences.
A Life in Full Bloom: The Feminist Narration in The Awakening
Authors: ZHOU Tianyue
Published: April 2022

The Awakening is a story about women awakening, and it is also a story about extramarital affairs. By using feminist narration theory to analyze the relationship between Edna and the four men, namely Mr. Pontellier, Edna’s father, Arobin and Robert, we can have a deeper understanding of Edna’s emotional attitudes and values, and reflect on the relationship between people and the choice of life path.
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Interaction with Medicago sativa Plants: Study of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Pedranzani Hilda E. , Gutiérrez Mariano H. , Molina Arias Sonia , Zapico Martín G. , Ruiz-Lozano Juan Manuel
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Investigar los efectos de la inoculación con Rhizophagus intraradices sobre parámetros fisiológicos y defensa antioxidante en plantas de Medicago sativa bajo estrés salino, sequía y frio. Materiales y métodos: Semillas de M. sativa, var. Dekalb (DK166), fueron desinfectadas y sembradas en una mezcla de tierra y arena esterilizada; 10 g de R. intraradices fue adicionado a la mitad de las macetas y todas ellas recibieron 5 ml de un cultivo de Shinorhizobium meliloti. Crecieron en un invernáculo a 25/20 °C (día/noche), con 16 h luz, 50-60% humedad relativa y riego normal durante 45 días. Después de ese tiempo se realizaron los tratamientos de control, sequía, salinidad y frio. La colonización de R. intraradices fue calculada en todos los tratamientos. La conductancia estomática fue medida usando un porómetro y la eficiencia del fotosistema II (PE) fue medida con Fluor Pen FP100. El peso seco de tallos y raíces, el contenido de prolina, el daño oxidativo de lípidos y la actividad enzimática de SOD, CAT, APX fueron determinadas en todos los tratamientos después del estrés. Resultados: Todos los parámetros fisiológicos y enzimáticos medidos fueron significativamente (t-Student) mejores en plantas inoculadas, mostrando una interacción positiva entre micorrización-estándar fisiológico. La conductancia estomática, en plantas inoculadas, incrementó bajo sequía y salinidad, mostrando protección frente a estos estreses abióticos. La eficiencia fotosintética en plantas no micorrizadas disminuyó bajo todos los estreses, pero en plantas micorrizadas se mantuvo similar en todos los tratamientos de estrés, mostrando su mitigación. El peso seco aéreo y de raíces fue similar bajo diferentes estreses abióticos en plantas no micorrizadas, pero en plantas micorrizadas fueron mayores y mostraron diferencias entre ellos. La peroxidación lipídica en plantas no micorrizadas aumentó en condiciones de sequía y salinidad, mientras que en plantas inoculadas se mantuvo constante, mostrando mitigación. Las plantas inoculadas incrementaron las actividades de superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y ascorbato peroxidasa (APX) en tallos y raíces bajo todos los estreses, mostrando defensa antioxidante. Catalasa tuvo un comportamiento variable. Conclusión: La micorrización tuvo una interacción positiva con diferentes parámetros fisiológicos y defensa antioxidante en M. sativa, y promovió mitigación ante el estrés abiótico.
Las elasticidades de corto y largo plazos de la demanda del frijol grano, 1980-2020
Authors: Guzmán-Soria Eugenio , Rebollar-Rebollar Samuel , Hernández-Martínez Juvencio , Callejas-Juárez Nicolás
Published: April 2022

Objetivo. Para medir el efecto del cambio de algunos factores que inciden sobre la demanda del frijol grano mexicano y el nivel de impacto del precio de importación sobre el de mayoreo. Materiales y métodos. Se estimó, con información anual de 1980 a 2020 y mediante la técnica de mínimos cuadrados en dos etapas (MC2E), un modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas, cuyos resultados permitieron calcular elasticidades económicas de corto y largo plazos. Resultados. En el corto y largo plazos, el consumo de frijol en México responde inelásticamente a un nivel de -0.305 y -0.376% por un incremento de 1% en el precio al consumidor. Conclusión. El factor que más afecta su consumo es el ingreso nacional disponible per cápita (-0.905%) seguido del precio del huevo (-0.826%). El efecto del precio de importación sobre el precio al mayoreo del frijol en México es de 0.27% por cada cambio porcentual unitario en el primero.