bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مستوى تضمين مهارات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة في مناهج العلوم للصفوف (1-4) من وجهة نظر المعلمات في سلطنة عُمان
Authors: Al-Sulaitni Aisha Ali , Mai Mohammed. Y. M.
Published: July 2024

الأهداف: الكشف عن مدى تضمين مهارات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة في مناهج العلوم لصفوف الحلقة الأولى (من الصف الأول إلى الرابع الأساسي) في محافظة شمال الباطنة بسلطنة عمان من وجهة نظر المعلمات الأوائل القائمات على تدريس المنهج، والإشراف على تدريسه.
المنهجية: اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، عبر بناء استبانة إلكترونية مكونة من أربعة مجالات لمهارات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة لتحقيق هدف الدراسة، وتمثلت المجالات الأربعة في (مجال المهارات الرقمية، ومجال مهارات التعلم والإبداع، ومجال المهارات الشخصية، ومجال المهارات الحياتية والوظيفية). وتم تطبيق الاستبانة -بعد التـأكد من صدقها وثباتها-على عينة مكونة من (143) معلمة في العام الدراسي 2022.
النتائج: إن مجالات مهارات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة تم تضمينها تضمينا منخفضا، حيث كان المتوسط العام للمجالات الأربعة (1.563)، وكان مجال المهارات الرقمية هو أقل المجالات تضمينا، تبعها مجال مهارات التعلم والإبداع، ثم مجال المهارات الشخصية ثم مجال المهارات الوظيفية، وقد انحصر المتوسط في المجالات الأربعة بين (المتوسط =1.527-1.595).
الخلاصة: جاءت درجة تضمين مهارات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة في مجالات أداة الدراسة منخفضا. ولذا، توصي الدراسة بإعادة النظر في مناهج العلوم في الصفوف الأساسية في المراحل الأولى (1-4)، والعمل على تضمين مهارات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة فيها ضمن الأهداف التي تتضمنها. كما توصي بتدريب المعلمات على كيفية اكساب الطلبة لهذه المهارات.
معوقات استخدام اللغة الإنجليزية في تعلم المساقات الدراسية العلمية في كليات التربية الرياضية الأردنية
Authors: Dabayebeh Omar Ibrahim , Abdel Fattah Osama Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى مستوى معوقات تطبيق اللغة الإنجليزية في تعلم المساقات العلمية بكليات التربية الرياضية في الجامعات الأردنية من وجهة نظر الطلبة، كذلك الفروق في مستوى تلك المعوقات تبعًا للمتغيرات (النوع الاجتماعي، العمر، المرحلة الدراسية، نوع المدرسة التي تخرج منها الطالب، المناطق الأقل حظًا وتخصص الثانوية العامة).
المنهجية: اتبع البحث المنهج الوصفي على عينة مكونة من (240) طالبا وطالبة (108 ذكور، 132 إناث).  وتم استخدام طريقة (دلفي) في بناء أداة الدراسة بواسطة Google Form))، والتي تكونت بصورتها النهائية من أربعة مجالات و(25) فقرة. ولمعالجة بيانات الدراسة اُستخدمت التكرارات، النسب المئوية، المتوسطات الحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية، ومعامل ألفا كرونباخ، اختبار "t" للعينات المستقلة وتحليل التباين الأحادي.
النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن مستوى معوقات تطبيق اللغة الإنجليزية في تعلم المساقات العلمية بكليات التربية الرياضية في الجامعات الأردنية من وجهة نظر الطلبة كان متوسطًا (3.55)، كذلك حصل مجال التحديات المرتبطة بالطالب في المرحلة الدراسية التي تسبق مرحلة الدراسة الجامعية على أعلى متوسط حسابي (3.79) وبدرجة مرتفعة، بينما حصل المجال المرتبط بعضو الهيئة التدريسية على أقل متوسط حسابي (3.38). كذلك أظهرت الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى تلك المعوقات تبعًا لمتغيرات الدراسة.
الخلاصة: يواجه الطلبة العديد من المعوقات عند استخدام اللغة الإنجليزية في تعلم المساقات العلمية بكليات التربية الرياضية، حيث تعتبر المعوقات المرتبطة بالطلبة في المراحل الدراسية التي تسبق مرحلة الدراسة الجامعية من أكثر تلك المعوقات. كذلك هناك معوقات واضحة ومرتبطة بالمؤسسات التعليمية الجامعية.
واقع ممارسة مبادئ الحوكمة وعلاقتها بتجويد إدارة المؤسسات التربوية في الجزائر
Authors: Imane Zitouni , Djahid Boutaleb
Published: July 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة إلى تعرف واقع ممارسة مبادئ الحوكمة المتمثلة في (الشفافية، العدالة والمساواة، المسؤولية، المشاركة) وعلاقتها بجودة إدارة المؤسسات التربوية في الجزائر.
المنهجية: اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي، حيث تم تصميم استبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات، تكونت من محورين: الأول: يتعلق بواقع ممارسة مبادئ الحوكمة وتضمنت (27) فقرة، الثاني يتعلق بجودة إدارة المؤسسات التربوية وتضمن (5) فقرات، تم توزيعها على عينة عشوائية مكونة من (215) مدير مؤسسة تربوية.
النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة ممارسة مبادئ الحوكمة في المؤسسات التربوية الجزائرية مرتفعة من وجهة نظر أفراد عينة الدراسة، يأتي في مقدمتها مبدأ العدالة والمساواة، يليها مبدأ الشفافية، ثم مبدأ المسؤولية متبوعا بمبدأ المشاركة، كما تبين وجود علاقة موجبة دالة إحصائيا بين درجة ممارسة مبادئ الحوكمة (الشفافية، العدالة والمساواة، المسؤولية، المشاركة) وجودة إدارة المؤسسات التربوية بالجزائر.
الخلاصة: أوصت الدراسة الى تعزيز آليات تطبيق الرقابة والمساءلة على إدارة المؤسسات التربوية من خلال إقرار لجان مختصة من جهة، ومن جهة أخرى تعزيز تطبيق القوانين والتشريعات المتعلقة بالإدارة التربوية بشكل مستمر بما يتماشى ومبادئ الحوكمة.
CORRELATION BETWEEN PEOPLE-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP, PROACTIVE BEHAVIOR, AND CAREER SATISFACTION
Authors: Ismail Azman , Nowalid Wan Aishah Wan Mohd , Mokhtar Aminudin , Mohamad Nur Izzaty , Asha’ari Maryam Jamilah , Ramli Erna Masfiza Mohamed , Azmi Ilhaamie Abdul Ghani
Published: July 2024

People-oriented leadership is well recognized as a nontoxic leadership genre that can create a conducive working environment and foster employees to realize organizational strategies and objectives. Extant published studies have revealed that the effect of people-oriented leadership on career satisfaction is indirectly affected by proactive behavior. Although many studies have been examined, the mediating role of proactive behavior has been rarely discussed in organizational leadership research. By focusing on these factors, this study aims to examine the relationship between people-oriented leadership, proactive behavior, and career satisfaction. A survey method is used as the research strategy, which allows the researchers to use a cross-sectional research design to collect data from employees at Islamic state agencies in Klang Valley, Peninsular Malaysia. SmartPLS was employed to assess the quality of the measurement model and test the structural model. The confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed that the measurement model met the validity and reliability standards. The structural equation modeling results indicate that worker proactive behavior acts as a significant mediating variable between people-oriented leadership and worker career satisfaction. Hence, this study offers important implications for practitioners, theory, and practice. In terms of theoretical contribution, the mediating effect of proactive behavior between people-oriented leadership and career satisfaction is consistent with the notion of Model of Proactive Motivation. The notion of this theory has been supported by previous studies, which revealed that the effect of people-oriented leadership on career satisfaction is mediated by proactive behavior in Western and Asian countries. Regarding the robustness of the research methodology, the measurement scale met the validity and reliability criteria. This may lead to accurate and reliable research results. Further, the findings can be used to guide employers, senior management, managers, and supervisors to understand diverse perspectives on proactive behavior construct and consider proactive behavior in developing, organizing, and leading employees to improve career well-being. These efforts may lead to higher organizational competitiveness and performance in the 21st century of global competition.
DEVELOPMENT OF DETECHOL: INNOVATIVE SMARTPHONE APPLICATION THAT ANALYZES DIGITAL IMAGES TO MONITOR BLOOD CHOLESTEROL LEVELS
Authors: Umar Usman , Tristiantoro Roby , Alyah Risnawaty
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop a non-invasive method for identifying and monitoring cholesterol levels. This research introduces an innovative method and Detechol application for Android-based smartphones to track blood cholesterol levels. The proposed method identifies cholesterol levels using image processing based on hand skin images. The research involved taking samples of hand-skin images and corresponding laboratory blood cholesterol levels. These samples were obtained from both female and male patients aged 20–65, and a total of 56 sample images were evaluated using a gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) for accuracy and simple analysis. Artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to train and test hand texture for cholesterol level detection. The application was then implemented on smartphones using the Application Programing Interface (API). The research resulted in the development of the Detechol application, which can be installed on Android-based smartphones to enable non-invasive monitoring of blood cholesterol levels at any time. The effectiveness of the proposed evaluation method was confirmed by confusion matrix analysis, yielding an F-1 score of 80%. These findings provide valuable insights for the early monitoring of health parameters, allowing individuals to better understand their health conditions from an early age and contributing to the advancement of science.
INVESTIGATION OF TARGETED ENERGY TRANSFER USING NONLINEAR ENERGY SINK
Authors: Salem Mahmoud H. , Saad Mina A. , Seddik Essam H. , Atteya Inji I.
Published: July 2024

This study examines the theoretical application of targeted energy transfer and nonlinear attachment analysis, with associated notions. This research aims to examine the redistribution of energy within a system that exhibits a significant degree of asymmetry. This system is composed of interconnected linear and highly nonlinear damped oscillators. The findings of this study show the necessary conditions for the successful implementation of energy transition to Nonlinear Normal Mode (NNM) and provide a novel design advice for such systems. One approach to mitigate vibrations involves the use of nonlinear components, such as a unidirectional irreversible nonlinear energy localization mechanism that does not require prior calibration. The analysis of the simulation of the nonlinear model dynamics was performed using Matlab® and Simulink®. The results indicate that the use of a nonlinear spring reduces vibration and energy dispersion in the system, thereby improving the design. By analyzing the results, it can be concluded that the Single-degree-of-freedom nonlinear energy sink (SDOF NES) has superior capabilities in attenuating transient disturbances throughout a wide spectrum of frequencies. On the other hand, the inherent frequency of the primary system limits the performance of the Tuned Mass Damper. Because of its intrinsic nonlinearity in stiffness, the NES is exceptionally flexible and does not have a particular resonance frequency. The NES possesses various characteristics that make it a versatile and efficient passive absorber, making it suitable for mitigating vibrations in many technical contexts. The data show energy absorption from a range of 30% at the lowest frequency and reaches a maximum of 90% energy dissipation at the optimum frequency point.
Analisis Ketersediaan Air Bersih di Desa Tumbang Datu Kecamatan Sangalla Utara Kabupaten Tana Toraja
Authors: Luaran Padang Darius Darwantri
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Living creatures need water to survive. Water is a very vital need for every individual, because it is useful in supporting life processes on earth. The process of meeting the community's need for clean water is not only oriented to quantity or quantity but also to quality and availability. This research aims to determine the availability of clean water in Tumbang Datu Village, North Sangalla District, Tana Toraja Regency and determine the efforts that can be made to fulfill the availability of clean water. This research uses qualitative methods. The availability of clean water in Tumbang Datu Village, North Sangalla District, Tana Toraja Regency is sufficient to support the daily life needs of the community. Fulfilling the availability of clean water uses springs available in Tumbang Datu Village. Efforts that can be made to fulfill water availability in the future can be done in various ways, such as: building infiltration wells, looking for other sources of water, working together to renovate water networks and storage tanks, building drilled wells, collecting and storing rainwater.
 
Abstrak. Makhluk hidup membutuhkan air dalam kelangsungan hidupnya. Air merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat vital bagi setiap individu, karena berguna dalam menopang proses kehidupan di bumi. Proses pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih bagi masyarakat tidak hanya berorientasi pada jumlah atau kuantitas tetapi juga pada kualitas dan ketersediaanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mngetahui ketersediaan air bersih di Desa Tumbang Datu Kecamatan Sangalla Utara Kabupaten Tana Toraja serta mengetahui upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk pemenuhan ketersediaan air bersih. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Ketersediaan air bersih di desa Tumbang Datu Kecamatan Sangalla Utara Kabupaten Tana Toraja cukup memadai untuk menunjang kebutuhan kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat. Pemenuhan ketersediaan air bersih menggunakan sumber mata air yang tersedia di Desa Tumbang Datu. Upaya–upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk pemenuhuhan ketersediaan air di masa yang akan datang dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara seperti: membuat sumur resapan, mencari sumber mata air lain, gotong royong merenovasi jaringan air dan bak penampungan, pembangunan sumur bor, pengumpulanan dan penyimpanan air hujan.
Upaya Eradikasi Stunting Berbasis Social-Ecological Approach di Kelurahan Untia Kota Makassar
Authors: Harisa Akbar , Hastuti Hastuti , Majid Abdul , Malasari Silvia , Permana Andi Fajrin , Abdullah Meutiah Mutmainnah , Hardianty Nita , Dzauqy Amrun , Sari Dewi Novita , Yodang Yodang
Published: July 2024

Kampung Nelayan Untia as a Family Planning (KB) village. It  was established in 2016, with most of its residents working as fishermen. Based on the data collected, this village has several cases of stunting. The solution offered is to provide education and counseling in the form of stunting material. The implementation of the Community Service Activity "Efforts to Eradicate Stunting Based on a Social-Ecological Approach in Untia Village, Makassar City" aims to provide knowledge and skills to the Untia community about stunting prevention. The results of this activity showed enthusiasm from the participants, which also proved an increase in participants' knowledge. The Community Service Team hopes that the local government can continue to follow up on the stunting prevention program to reduce the number of stunting cases in the Untia community.
Penguatan Kapabilitas Kader Posyandu melalui Pelatihan Antropometri untuk Deteksi Dini Masalah Gizi Stunting
Authors: Monikasari Monikasari - , Mangalik Gelora , Davidson Sarah Melati , Renyoet Brigitte Sarah , Nugroho Kristiawan Prasetyo Agung
Published: July 2024

Stunting is a condition where a child’s body is too short for age. Stunting can occur due to insufficiency of most of the necessary nutrients and/or due to recurrent infections in the first 1000 days of a child’s life. Handling and preventing stunting requires the role and cooperation of parents, the community and the government. The community can play a role in handling and preventing stunting through involvement as posyandu cadres. Posyandu cadres as health workers accompany puskesmas health workers in carrying out early detection, treatment and prevention of stunting. The aim of this community service is to improve the skills of posyandu cadres regarding anthropometric measurements. The method of community service carried out is a pre-test, presenting the subject matter, cadres practicing anthropometric measurements and post-tests carried out on posyandu cadres in nine villages in Boyolali Regency, namely Selodoko Village, Sidomulyo Village, Repaking Village, Gilirejo Village, Semawung Village, Pranggong Village, Sambeng Village, Kalimati Village, Juwangi Village. The result of this community service was an increase in the knowledge and skills of posyandu cadres, before the community service activities were carried out the average pre-test score was 58.1 and after the community service activities were carried out the average post-test score was 67.8. Increased knowledge of 9.6. It was concluded that after education and training, posyandu cadres could understand how to carry out good and correct anthropometric measurements. It is hoped that the government can play a role in providing regular education and training to refresh knowledge and anthropometric measurements.
Anatomo-morphological structure features of Chimaphila umbellata leaf on industrial dumps (Middle Ural)
Authors: Chukina Nadezhda V. , Glazyrina Margarita A. , Lukina Natalia V.
Published: July 2024

Global anthropogenic transformation of natural ecosystems leads to a decrease in the stability of plant communities, partial or complete destruction of vegetation over large areas. In the Middle Urals, significant areas are occupied by dumps of mining and processing industry enterprises. After dumps conservation the process of self-overgrowth of forest phytocenoses is take place by the typical forest species, among which are Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W.P.C. Barton. The internal structure of the leaf, as the main organ of photosynthesis, reflects the adaptability of the species to environment. Leaf is also capable to adaptive changes under stressful conditions. In this regard, the structural changes of the photosynthetic apparatus are usfull in bioindication and biomonitoring. The purpose of the study was to compare the leaf anatomical and morphological features of Ch. umbellata, growing on the dumps of mining industry (Shabrovsky talc-magnesite deposit), ash dumps (Verkhnetagil’skaya Thermal Power Station) and in the natural forest phytocenosis in the Middle Urals (subzone of the southern Taiga). Leaf anatomical and morphological parameters were studed using the program of the digital image analysis Simagis Mesoplant. The plants of Ch. umbellata from anthropogenic habitates were characterized by a higher thickness of leaves, spongy mesophyll and upper cuticle, as well as a decrease in the density of stomata with an increase in their size. These structural changes are associated with strengthening the barrier function of epidermis, as well as the optimization of gas exchange and transpiration processes under technogenesis conditions. The plasticity of the photosynthetic apparatus of Ch. umbellata contributes to the successful survival of this species in unfavorable environmental conditions of transformed ecosystems.
Comparative analysis of the efficiency of methods for DNA extraction from animal tissues
Authors: Filippova Asya V. , Ryabukhina Maria V. , Odinokov Georgy N. , Karpova Natalya G.
Published: July 2024

For the first time, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of DNA extraction methods used in expert forensic practice from various animal tissues – bone antlers and hooves of reindeer Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus, 1758); skeletal muscle, cartilage tissue and mucus of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykkis (Walbaum, 1792); skeletal muscles and ribs of the domestic pig Sus scrofa domesticus (Erxleben, 1777). DNA extraction was carried out according to the manufacturers' protocols using six commercial reagent kits, domestically produced, based on the alcohol precipitation method: "GM Tissue" (Raissol), “Amex” (Raissol); sorption onto magnetic particles: “GM Tissue M” (“Raissol”), “M-Sorb-bone” (“Synthol”); sorption on silica gel: “D-Tissues” (“Biolabmix”), “D-blood” (“Biolabmix”). The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the obtained DNA were assessed by measuring the concentration of double-stranded DNA on a Qubit 2.0 fluorometer (Life Technologies, USA) using the Qubit DNA HS Assay Kit. The highest concentration of double-stranded DNA of all types of animal tissue was obtained by sorption onto magnetic particles. Using this method, the most stable and reproducible DNA concentrations were obtained (average values – 474.00 μg/ml, 268.00 μg/ml, 83.20 μg/ml and 69.70 μg/ml, respectively). Using the method of DNA extraction based on precipitation with alcohol, lower concentrations of DNA were obtained from all types of animal tissues in comparison with the method of sorption onto magnetic particles. However, the use of this method has shown a fairly high stability and reproducibility of the obtained DNA concentrations (average values – 120.00 µg/ml, 110.00 µg/ml and 99.90 µg/ml, respectively), from all types of biological tissues, in all series (repetitions) of the extraction step. The use of a DNA extraction method based on sorption on silica gel showed, on average, lower concentrations of target DNA from all types of animal tissues, in comparison with the methods of sorption on magnetic particles and precipitation with alcohol. This method was characterized by the lowest stability and reproducibility of the obtained DNA concentrations (average values – 74.10 μg/ml and 41.60 μg/ml, respectively). Thus, the team of authors assessed the effectiveness of methodological approaches to DNA extraction in relation to various types of animal tissue, as well as assessed the stability and reproducibility of the results obtained. The effectiveness of these methodological approaches has not been previously assessed.
Hemodynamic indicators of North residents engaged in winter swimming
Authors: Ragozin Oleg N. , Pogonysheva Irina A. , Shalamova Elena Yu. , Pogonyshev Denis A. , Postnikova Victoria V. , Kuchumov Mihail S.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to assess changes in hemodynamic parameters in areas of the northern city (Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra) under the influence of extreme cold temperature. Determination of hemodynamic parameters was carried out by compression oscillometry method using the APKO-8-RITS-M circulatory parameters analyzer. Results: under the influence of extreme cold water, all subjects showed an increase in the values of systolic and mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure. There was an increase in cardiac output, stroke volume of blood, cardiac index and stroke index; significant differences in the dynamics of these indicators were revealed. For the majority of surveyed people (77.7%), engaged in winter swimming, a tendency to increase arterial stiffness under conditions of general cold stress was revealed. Conclusion: in general, the tolerance of extreme cold stress in men can be assessed as satisfactory, since on average there is an increase in cardiac output, largely due to stroke output; there is a correspondence between the actual resistance of peripheral vessels and the working specific peripheral resistance. Since there were no significant changes in the diameter of the brachial artery with an increase of pulse wave velocity after swimming in cold water, this suggests the preservation of the observed elastic properties of the vascular wall. Data obtained from a limited number of examined people indicate the possibility of identifying the initial stages of disorders of the elastic properties of the aorta using compression oscillometry and expanding the capabilities of early diagnosis of signs of aortic stiffness.
Impacts of Power Transmission and Distribution on Trace Metals Loads in Soils, Telfairia Occidentalis and Related Human Health Problems in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Ebong Godwin Asukwo , Idongesit Bassey Anweting  , Inemesit Ndarake Bassey  , Edidiong  Emmanuel Ikpe
Published: July 2024

The generation, transmission, and distribution of power have both positive and negative effects. However, this has not been effectively assessed and documented in the study area. Hence, this research was conducted to assess the impact of power transmission and distribution activities on the levels of trace metals in soil, including Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis). In this research, topsoil and T. occidentalis were obtained from the vicinity with high tension copper cables at Ikono, Ibiono Ibom, Itu, Uyo, and Uruan in Akwa Ibom State. Similar samples were obtained 100 m away from areas with high-tension copper cables and used as controls. The mean values (mg kg-1) of cadmium(Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and lead (Pb) obtained in soil were 2.13 ± 1.24, 43.52 ± 9.28, 1,265.84 ± 287.33, and 27.39± 5.66, respectively. Whereas, the mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of these metals in T. occidentalis were 0.17 ± 0.10, 12.98 ± 2.50, 217.81 ± 62.56, and 1.47 ± 1.40, respectively. The results obtained revealed that the mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Fe in soil were higher than their recommended safe limits, while the mean concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Pb in T. occidentalis exceeded the limits. The results indicated that the mean concentrations of all metals in the impacted soils were higher than in the control plot for both soil and T. occidentalis. Pollution models employed showed that soils and T. occidentalis from the studied locations were highly impacted by metals originating mainly from power transmission and distribution activities. The estimated daily intake rate of all the metals through soils and T. occidentalis was investigated for the children and adult groups within their recommended oral reference doses except for Cd. The non-cancerous risks for the children and adult groups for both soil and T. occidentalis were less than than 1 mg kg-1 day-1. However, the children’s class was more susceptible. Cancer risks for both the children and adult groups via soil and T. occidentalis were within the acceptable limit, but the entire cancer risk for the children via T. occidentalis from the Uyo vicinity was higher than the safe limit. This study revealed the effects of power transmission and distribution activities on the metal loads in soil and T. occidentalis and the related human health problems. Consequently, consistent exposure to soil particles impacted by high-tension cables and the cultivation of edible plants under high-tension cables should be avoided.
THE EPISTOLARY OF O. KOBYLIANSKA: UPDATE OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS TERMS AS KEY DISCUSSIONAL WORDS
Authors: KOSMEDA Tetyana
Published: July 2024

An analysis of the epistolary discursive practice of O. Kobylianska was carried out regarding the peculiarity of the functioning of the sociolinguistics terms which were significant at the end of the 19th – at the beginning of the 20th century and remain so in modern Ukrainian linguistics. We consider the investigated terms to be key ones regarding the discourse of the writer’s letters, as they are frequent and important for the presentation of her linguistic consciousness. The term competence of the writer regarding the use and understanding of terms with components український (українська мова, українська література, українська патріотка), руський (руський язик, руська мова, руський світ, руська книжка, руська пословиця, руська приповідка, руська натура, руська інтелігенція, руська пані, руський вечірок), малоруський (малоруська мова, малоруська новела, малоруська душа, малоруський тип), as well as the term материнська мова (in the writer’s presentation, a variant матірна мова is used, that is мова матері, рідна мова), as well as ethnonym terms українець, русин / русинка (тутешній русин, буковинський русин, австрійський русин) and малорос were monitored. It is demonstrated that O. Kobylianska is in solidarity with modern linguists that the term русин is a synonym for українець. She calls herself русинка (буковинська русинка), українка, in particular українська патріотка. The writer unequivocally considers українська to be her рідна, материнська мова, using the synonymous terms руська мова or руський язик, which is characteristic of the scientific discourse of that era. In the discourse of her letters, the writer reflects on the interpretation of the term рідна мова. In her understanding, it is not the one that is the language of everyday communication, which its speaker has an impeccable command of, but the one that is recognized as native, taking into account speaker’s origin and conscious choice. The term малоруська мова is synonymous with українська мова, руська мова or руський язик. However, like other terms with component малоруський, O. Kobylianska uses it less often.
LEXEM “SHOW” IN NEWSPAPER PUBLICATIONS
Authors: RIPEI Mariia
Published: July 2024

In this article authors take into consideration usage of the verb “show” in journalistic materials on the basis of reference literature and their own editorial experience. The article focuses on explanation of the meaning of these word in “A great Ukraine dictionary of the modern usage” (compiler and main editor V.T. Busel). Materials for analysis are selected from the Ukrainian national daily newspaper “The Day”. “Russian-Ukrainian dictionary in three tomes”, “Dictionary of synonyms of the Ukrainian language”, “Dictionary of Shevchenko’s language” and “A great Ukraine dictionary of the modern usage” (executives of the publishing project P.M. Movchan, V.V. Nimchuk, V.Y. Klichak) were used for analysis. Examples are provided with Ukrainian dictionary in eleven tomes and Dictionary of the Ukrainian language (emphasis. with add. vlas. material B. Hrinchenko).
It is stated that it is correct to use the verb “show” in the meanings “to give the opportunity to see, consider, look at someone or something”; “Show someone your ability to do something”; “Show a movie, give a play”; “To do something to teach someone; to teach visually”; “Give for review, review, verification, evaluation, etc.”; “Make visible someone, something, opening, illuminating, etc.”; “Movement, gesture, gaze, etc. to point at someone or something, attracting someone’s attention, explaining something”.
However, to use “show” in the sense of “to establish something (inspection, research, survey, etc.) … To testify about something, to be proof of something; give grounds for any conclusion” is considered a lexical error.
It is noted that the designation “to detect something (inspection, research, survey)”; “To testify about something, to be proof of something”; “Give grounds for any conclusion” to use correctly “discover”, “determine”, “find out”, “testify”, “confirm”, “demonstrate”, etc., and not the lexem “show”.
METAPHORICAL PARADIGM MAN IN THE UKRAINIAN POETRY FROM THE LATE 20TH TO THE EARLY 21ST CENTURY
Authors: DIADCHENKO Hanna , RUD Olha
Published: July 2024

The paradigm of images united by the archiseme ‘man’ in the analysed corpus of poetic texts is represented by stylistically diverse nominations. These nominations include both functionally desemanticized terms and units having powerful associative-imagistic potential.
Epithetic and metaphorical combinations, which are components of the mentioned paradigm, encompass various external portrait and internal psychological characteristics. Within the semantic level of the “external portrait”, they provide indications of age, outline physical traits such as strength, height, eye colour and shape, describe clothing and mannerisms.
The semantic level of the “internal portrait of a man” represents the linguistic description of moods and feelings of contemporary man. The strongest among them is the feeling of love. It includes moral evaluations of individuals, characterization of their thinking and speech, activation of folklore motifs, as well as the incorporation of the “signifying” motifs of alcohol consumption and solitude, typical for 1990s poetry.
The analysis of the textual segment with the meaning of “social life” reveals a significant development of imagery related to “military concepts” and “profession and occupation”. Among other semantic-imagistic vectors observed within the paradigm of a man, there is an active development of the lexico-thematic line of person → nature and the presence of a considerable number of contexts saturated with obscene vocabulary.
In general, the modelling of the image of a man corresponds to the linguistic and worldview orientations of authors in the stylistic construction of the image of a contemporary person. The particular features of the paradigm of a man include the significant development of the semantic level of “military concepts” and the thematic group of “profession and occupation”. In our opinion, this indicates a connection with Ukrainian folk and literary traditions. Thus, semantic associations and stylistic evaluations of the image of a man in contemporary Ukrainian poetry are determined by the organic combination of tradition and innovation in national postmodern linguistic thinking.
LANGUAGE GAME AND MODAL GAME: CORRELATION OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS
Authors: HORHOLIUK Nina
Published: July 2024

The article characterizes the correlation between the concepts of language game and modal game. The mechanisms that make language play possible and its creative character, and language game tools are analyzed. The term modal game is interpreted as a manipulative tactic of the speaker’s strategy of informational influence on the reader / listener, a conscious and planned linguistic manipulation carried out by the speaker, resulting in the recipient’s mental perspective of reality changes. The study focuses on the correlation of the basic differentiating features of language and modal games – language manipulation and the speaker’s linguistic creativity. It emphasizes the obligatory participation of the addressee in such games.
It is determined that, in contrast to language game, the speaker’s linguistic creativity in a modal game consists in the creative selection of such linguistic means or the choice of such modal game techniques that will not attract the recipient’s attention since the manipulation should be hidden, without “breaking the rules”, which will make it possible to achieve the desired effect of influence on the recipient’s consciousness.
The rules, mechanisms and techniques of the modal game in the media are defined and described, in particular, the truncation of the mode sentence component in media headlines (change of the explicit status of the modality to the implicit one, which predicts the modality of knowledge) and the substitution of the modal predicates with other predicates, which results in the transformation or modification of the modal meaning of the sentence-utterance.
Given the proposed analysis of the correlation of the concepts of “language game” and “modal game”, including the lack of a single generally accepted definition of the language game term, the article identifies a problematic and controversial issue of the status of modal game as a linguistic antigame that requires further research.
FEMINITIVIZATION OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS PRACTICE AND PROBLEMS OF MODERN UKRAINIAN GRAPHICS, MORPHOLOGY, PUNCTUATION
Authors: BYBYK Svitlana
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of practical implementation of lexical, grammatical, orthographic and punctuation norms in connection with the strengthening of tendencies towards the feminization of language practice, particularly in the business and educational spheres. Attention was drawn to the dynamics of changes in the “Ukrainian orthography” of 2019 regarding the implementation of the norm of formation of names of persons of the female gender by profession and type of occupation. On the material of the texts of educational projects, platforms that became the basis for the organization of training or professional development in real time, such as “On the lesson”, “Vseosvita”, “Prometheus”, “Umity”, the peculiarities of the implementation of the specified trend were observed. Deviations from the lexical, punctuation and orthographic norms regarding the writing of the latest complex abbreviated names of persons by profession, field of activity, position, nationality, etc. were noted. Systematic deviations from the norm in the practice of using round brackets and slashes in the official and business sphere of communication, in particular in the texts of informational messages, in educational materials, were revealed.
LANGUAGE IMAGE OF THE DEFENDER OF UKRAINE IN THE TEXTS OF THE WAR PERIOD
Authors: SІUTA Halyna
Published: July 2024

The article presents a textual analysis of the linguistic image of the defender of Ukraine, outlined in Ukrainian media and fiction texts of 2022–2023.
The phenomenon of glorification of the image of Ukraine’s defenders is documented. This is an absolutely justified information strategy aimed at actively countering the propaganda of the aggressor country, in particular fake and discrediting materials that undermine the credibility of the Ukrainian army.
It is noted that important for the linguistic description of the defenders of Ukraine are: a) names of military formations, military organisations, military units – army, Armed Forces of Ukraine / AFU, national guard, territorial defence, assault brigade, etc; b) names of persons – members of military formations, military organisations, military units – fighters of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, soldiers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, soldiers, national guardsmen, Azov soldiers, assault troops, etc; c) names of persons with the meaning of ‘one who protects from the enemy’, ‘one who fights the enemy’ – defenders, fighters, warriors, brothers-in-arms; d) metaphorical nominations – cyborgs, warriors of Light, knights of Freedom, Ukrainian angels of sky.
The epithets are predictably dominated by intimating meanings (ours, dear, dear, native), positive evaluations (the best, stubborn, stubborn, faithful, unbreakable, proud, true) and glorification (superpowerful, holy, sacred).
In accordance with the glorification strategy, nominations and images with the semes ‘heroism’, ‘victory’, ‘patriotism’, ‘honour’, ‘glory’, ‘dignity’, ‘invincibility’, ‘resilience’, ‘strength’, ‘power’, ‘courage’, ‘bravery’, ‘courage’, ‘bravery’, ‘goodness’, ‘love’, ‘light’, ‘salvation’ dominate in the linguistic descriptions of Ukraine’s defenders.
The significance of the image of the hero is demonstrated.
The article reveals and illustrates the productivity of lexical, syntactic, stylistic structures – wartime language signs and identifiers of Ukrainian’s attitudes towards the defenders of Ukraine.
TOI-1173 A b: The First Inflated Super-Neptune in a Wide Binary System
Authors: Galarza Jhon Yana , Ferreira Thiago , Lorenzo-Oliveira Diego , Simon Joshua D. , Reggiani Henrique , Piro Anthony L. , Butler R. Paul , Netto Yuri , Valio Adriana , Ciardi David R. , Safonov Boris
Published: July 2024

Among Neptunian mass exoplanets (20−50 M
⊕), puffy hot Neptunes are extremely rare, and their unique combination of low mass and extended radii implies very low density (ρ < 0.3 g cm−3). Over the last decade, only a few puffy planets have been detected and precisely characterized with both transit and radial velocity observations, most notably including WASP-107 b, TOI-1420 b, and WASP-193 b. In this paper, we report the discovery of TOI-1173 A b, a low-density (

ρ
=

0.195

−
0.017

+
0.018

g cm−3) super-Neptune with P = 7.06 days in a nearly circular orbit around the primary G-dwarf star in the wide binary system TOI-1173 A/B. Using radial velocity observations with the MAROON-X and HIRES spectrographs and transit photometry from TESS, we determine a planet mass of M
p = 27.4 ± 1.7 M
⊕ and radius of R
p = 9.19 ± 0.18 R
⊕. TOI-1173 A b is the first puffy super-Neptune planet detected in a wide binary system (projected separation ∼11,400 au). We explore several mechanisms to understand the puffy nature of TOI-1173 A b and show that tidal heating is the most promising explanation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that TOI-1173 A b likely has maintained its orbital stability over time and may have undergone von-Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai migration followed by tidal circularization, given its present-day architecture, with important implications for planet migration theory and induced engulfment into the host star. Further investigation of the atmosphere of TOI-1173 A b will shed light on the origin of close-in low-density Neptunian planets in field and binary systems, while spin–orbit analyses may elucidate the dynamical evolution of the system.
The Mass Density of Merging Binary Black Holes over Cosmic Time
Authors: Schiebelbein-Zwack Aryanna , Fishbach Maya
Published: July 2024

The connection between the binary black hole (BBH) mergers observed by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA and their stellar progenitors remains uncertain. Specifically, the fraction ϵ of stellar mass that ends up in BBH mergers and the delay time τ between star formation and merger carry information about the astrophysical processes that produce merging BBHs. We model the merger rate in terms of cosmic star formation, coupled with a metallicity-dependent efficiency ϵ and a distribution of delay times τ, and infer these parameters with data from the Third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog. The progenitors to merging BBHs preferentially form in low-metallicity environments with a low-metallicity efficiency of

log

10

ϵ

<

Z

t

=
−

3.99

−
0.87

+
0.68

and a high-metallicity efficiency of

log

10

ϵ

<

Z

t

=
−

4.60

−
0.34

+
0.30

at 90% credibility. The data also prefer short delay times. For a power-law distribution p(τ) ∝ τ

α
, we find

τ

min

<
1.9

Gyr

and α < −1.32 at 90% credibility. Our model allows us to extrapolate the mass density in BBHs to high redshifts. We cumulatively integrate our density rate over time to get the total density of merging stellar-mass BBHs as a function of redshift. Today, BBH mergers are only ∼0.01% of the total stellar-mass density created by >10 M
⊙ progenitors. However, because massive stars are short lived, there may be more mass in merging BBHs than in living massive stars as early as ∼2.5 Gyr ago. We also compare to the mass in supermassive black holes, finding that the densities were comparable ∼12.5 Gyr ago, but their densities quickly increased to ∼75 times the density in merging stellar-mass BBHs by z ∼ 1.
The NuSTAR Serendipitous Survey: The 80 Month Catalog and Source Properties of the High-energy Emitting Active Galactic Nucleus and Quasar Population
Authors: Greenwell Claire L. , Klindt Lizelke , Lansbury George B. , Rosario David J. , Alexander David M. , Aird James , Stern Daniel , Forster Karl , Koss Michael J. , Bauer Franz E. , Ricci Claudio , Tomsick John , Brandt William N. , Connor Thomas , Boorman Peter G. , Annuar Adlyka , Ballantyne David R. , Chen Chien-Ting , Civano Francesca , Comastri Andrea , Fawcett Victoria A. , Fornasini Francesca M. , Gandhi Poshak , Harrison Fiona , Heida Marianne , Hickox Ryan , Kammoun Elias S. , Lanz Lauranne , Marchesi Stefano , Noirot Gaël , Romero-Colmenero Encarni , Treister Ezequiel , Urry C. Megan , Väisänen Petri , van Soelen Brian
Published: July 2024

We present a catalog of hard X-ray serendipitous sources detected in the first 80 months of observations by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). The NuSTAR serendipitous survey 80 month (NSS80) catalog has an unprecedented ∼62 Ms of effective exposure time over 894 unique fields (a factor of 3 increase over the 40 month catalog, NSS40), with an areal coverage of ∼36 deg2, larger than all NuSTAR extragalactic surveys. NSS80 provides 1274 hard X-ray sources in the 3−24 keV band (822 new detections compared to the previous NSS40). Approximately 76% of the NuSTAR sources have lower-energy (<10 keV) X-ray counterparts from Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Swift-XRT. We have undertaken an extensive campaign of ground-based spectroscopic follow-up to obtain new source redshifts and classifications for 427 sources. Combining these with existing archival spectroscopy provides redshifts for 550 NSS80 sources, of which 547 are classified. The sample is primarily composed of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), detected over a large range in redshift (z = 0.012–3.43), but also includes 58 spectroscopically confirmed Galactic sources. In addition, five AGN–galaxy pairs, one dual AGN system, one BL Lac candidate, and a hotspot of 4C 74.26 (radio quasar) have been identified. The median rest-frame 10−40 keV luminosity and redshift of NSS80 are 〈L
10−40 keV〉 = 1.2 × 1044 erg s−1 and 〈z〉 = 0.56. We investigate the optical properties and construct composite optical spectra to search for subtle signatures not present in the individual spectra, finding an excess of redder BL AGNs compared to optical quasar surveys, predominantly due to the presence of the host galaxy and, at least in part, due to dust obscuration.
A Timing View of the Additional High-energy Spectral Component Discovered in the Black Hole Candidate Swift J1727.8-1613
Authors: Yang Zi-Xu , Zhang Liang , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Tao Lian , Zhang Shu , Ma Ruican , Bu Qing-Cui , Huang Yue , Liu He-Xin , Yu Wei , Xiao Guangcheng , Wang Peng-Ju , Feng Hua , Song Li-Ming , Ma Xiang , Ge Mingyu , Zhao Qing-Chang , Qu Jin-Lu
Published: July 2024

We present an energy-dependent analysis for the type-C quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) observed in the black hole X-ray binary Swift J1727.8–1613 using Insight-HXMT observations. We find that the QPO fractional rms at energies above 40 keV is significantly higher than that below 20 keV. This is the first report of a high energy (HE) rms excess in the rms spectrum of a black hole X-ray binary. In the high energy band, an extra hard component is observed in addition to the standard thermal Comptonization component at a similar energy band. The value of the QPO HE rms excess is not only correlated with the disk parameters and the photon index of the standard Comptonization component but also exhibits a moderate positive correlation with the flux of the additional hard spectral component. No features in the QPO phase-lag spectra are seen corresponding to the additional hard component. We propose that the additional hard component in the spectrum may originate from jet emission and the associated QPO HE rms excess can be explained by the precession of the jet base.
Large-scale Linear Magnetic Holes with Magnetic Mirror Properties in Hybrid Simulations of Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Arrò Giuseppe , Califano Francesco , Pucci Francesco , Karlsson Tomas , Li Hui
Published: July 2024

Magnetic holes (MHs) are coherent magnetic field dips whose size ranges from fluid to kinetic scale, ubiquitously observed in the heliosphere and in planetary environments. Despite the long-standing effort in interpreting the abundance of observations, the origin and properties of MHs are still debated. In this Letter, we investigate the interplay between plasma turbulence and MHs, using a 2D hybrid simulation initialized with solar wind parameters. We show that fully developed turbulence exhibits localized elongated magnetic depressions, whose properties are consistent with linear MHs frequently encountered in space. The observed MHs develop self-consistently from the initial magnetic field perturbations by trapping hot ions with large pitch angles. Ion trapping produces an enhanced perpendicular temperature anisotropy that makes MHs stable for hundreds of ion gyroperiods, despite the surrounding turbulence. We introduce a new quantity, based on local magnetic field and ion temperature values, to measure the efficiency of ion trapping, with potential applications to the detection of MHs in satellite measurements. We complement this method by analyzing the ion velocity distribution functions inside MHs. Our diagnostics reveal the presence of trapped gyrotropic ion populations, whose velocity distribution is consistent with a loss cone, as expected for the motion of particles inside a magnetic mirror. Our results have potential implications for the theoretical and numerical modeling of MHs.
Miquelon : un village qui se déplace pour faire face aux risques de submersion
Authors: Andre Bruno
Published: July 2024

L’archipel de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon, collectivité d’outre-mer régie par l’article 74 de la Constitution, se compose de plusieurs îles totalisant 242 km² et se situe au sud de Terre-Neuve (Canada). Il possède un littoral d’environ 200 km soumis à des dépressions subarctiques et à des cyclones, générant des phénomènes dangereux dans les zones basses où est implantée la population. Le village de Miquelon (600 habitants), construit au niveau de la mer, est ainsi fortement exposé au risque de submersion marine, aux remontées de nappe et au recul du trait de côte. Le changement climatique, avec la hausse du niveau de la mer et la multiplication des évènements extrêmes, va amplifier ces aléas. Face à ces risques, une démarche concertée sur l’évolution du village a été engagée en 2022 au travers d’un « atelier des territoires » financé par la Direction générale de l’aménagement, du logement et de la nature (DGALN). Soutenue par l’État, elle a abouti à un projet de relocalisation du village sur un secteur plus en hauteur, à l’abri du risque. Ce projet de territoire, construit en continu avec la population, est soutenu par l’ensemble des élus locaux. En organisant une véritable recomposition du village, Miquelon se positionne comme précurseur dans la prise en compte des risques naturels majeurs et l’anticipation des conséquences du changement climatique.