bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reason's Enemy Is Not Emotion: Engagement of Cognitive Control Networks Explains Biases in Gain/Loss Framing
Authors: Li Rosa , Smith David V. , Clithero John A. , Venkatraman Vinod , Carter R. McKell , Huettel Scott A.
Published: March 2017

In the classic gain/loss framing effect, describing a gamble as a potential gain or loss biases people to make risk-averse or risk-seeking decisions, respectively. The canonical explanation for this effect is that frames differentially modulate emotional processes, which in turn leads to irrational choice behavior. Here, we evaluate the source of framing biases by integrating functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 143 human participants performing a gain/loss framing task with meta-analytic data from >8000 neuroimaging studies. We found that activation during choices consistent with the framing effect were most correlated with activation associated with the resting or default brain, while activation during choices inconsistent with the framing effect was most correlated with the task-engaged brain. Our findings argue against the common interpretation of gain/loss framing as a competition between emotion and control. Instead, our study indicates that this effect results from differential cognitive engagement across decision frames.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe biases frequently exhibited by human decision makers have often been attributed to the presence of emotion. Using a large fMRI sample and analysis of whole-brain networks defined with the meta-analytic tool Neurosynth, we find that neural activity during frame-biased decisions was more significantly associated with default behaviors (and the absence of executive control) than with emotion. These findings point to a role for neuroscience in shaping long-standing psychological theories in decision science.
Nuclear retention of the lncRNA SNHG1 by doxorubicin attenuates hnRNPC–p53 protein interactions
Authors: Shen Yuan , Liu Shanshan , Fan Jiao , Jin Yinghua , Tian Baolei , Zheng Xiaofei , Fu Hanjiang
Published: March 2017

The protein p53 plays a crucial role in the regulation of cellular responses to diverse stresses. Thus, a major priority in cell biology is to define the mechanisms that regulate p53 activity in response to stresses or maintain it at basal levels under normal conditions. Moreover, further investigation is required to establish whether RNA participates in regulating p53's interaction with other proteins. Here, by conducting systematic experiments, we discovered a p53 interactor—hnRNPC—that directly binds to p53, destabilizes it, and prevents its activation under normal conditions. Upon doxorubicin treatment, the lncRNA SNHG1 is retained in the nucleus through its binding with nucleolin and it competes with p53 for hnRNPC binding, which upregulates p53 levels and promotes p53‐dependent apoptosis by impairing hnRNPC regulation of p53 activity. Our results indicate that a balance between lncRNA SNHG1 and hnRNPC regulates p53 activity and p53‐dependent apoptosis upon doxorubicin treatment, and further indicate that a change in lncRNA subcellular localization under specific circumstances is biologically significant.
Art and design as linked data
Authors: Prongue Nicolas , Ricci Fabio , Schneider Rene , Schurte Rene
Published: March 2017

The project LODZ (Linked Open Data Zurich) adopts an experimental approach to merge data and develop a semantic web infrastructure to enable its discovery. For this purpose, three institutions in the field of art and design provided their metadata. The project cycle followed six steps: team building, gathering and cleaning of the original data, modelling, transforming, interlinking and exploration of the Linked Data set. The resulting pilot application offers innovative and attractive features based on the capability of the Linked Data, with the aim to provide a better user experience.The major challenge of this project was the creation of links between the internal datasets, and with external sources. An important lesson learnt is therefore to focus more on the interoperability of data at the time of cataloguing in the original databases, for example by integrating external identifiers rather than just terms in the form of strings.
Digitization of older Croatian dictionaries
Authors: Živić Tihomir , Vinaj Marina , Koprolčec Dina
Published: March 2017

Considering that the present-day Croatian still frequently fails to have the exact translational equivalents for the novel ideas developed and disseminated via metalinguistic Eurospeak, the paper adopts and employs an unorthodox scientific method to refer to an articulated correlation between a conceptual framework theorized (i.e., the noninvasive library digitization projects pertaining to the select Croatian bi- and trilingual lexicography from the 17th to the 20th century) and the hypothetical questions addressed (i.e., their applicability to the coinage of Croatian neologisms that formationally imitate the previous paragons), with a pronounced tendency to signify a progressive replacement of the perplexingly anglicized language registers by the more decipherable formality levels. Consequently, such a succinct analysis results in a revalorization of the computerized conversion efforts and a permanent appraisal of the Croatian thesauri, which are neither antiquated nor obsolescent but may be incentively put into service for further similar studies in the subject matter.
Understanding roles and responsibilities of data curators
Authors: Tammaro Anna Maria , Matusiak Krystyna K , Sposito Frank Andreas , Pervan Ana , Casarosa Vittore
Published: March 2017

Data curation has emerged as a new area of responsibility for researchers, librarians, and information professionals in the digital library environment. This paper presents the preliminary findings of a large research project sponsored by the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA), under the auspices of its Library Theory and Research (LTR) Section. The primary objective of the project is to identify the characteristic tasks and responsibilities of data curators in both international and interdisciplinary contexts. The ultimate objective, however, is to develop a “data curation ontology” that will better define the profession and support the development of educational curricula to train future data curators.
From pituitary adenoma to pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET): an International Pituitary Pathology Club proposal
Authors: Asa S L , Casar-Borota O , Chanson P , Delgrange E , Earls P , Ezzat S , Grossman A , Ikeda H , Inoshita N , Karavitaki N , Korbonits M , Laws E R , Lopes M B , Maartens N , McCutcheon I E , Mete O , Nishioka H , Raverot G , Roncaroli F , Saeger W , Syro L V , Vasiljevic A , Villa C , Wierinckx A , Trouillas J , _ _
Published: March 2017

The classification of neoplasms of adenohypophysial cells is misleading because of the simplistic distinction between adenoma and carcinoma, based solely on metastatic spread and the poor reproducibility and predictive value of the definition of atypical adenomas based on the detection of mitoses or expression of Ki-67 or p53. In addition, the current classification of neoplasms of the anterior pituitary does not accurately reflect the clinical spectrum of behavior. Invasion and regrowth of proliferative lesions and persistence of hormone hypersecretion cause significant morbidity and mortality. We propose a new terminology, pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET), which is consistent with that used for other neuroendocrine neoplasms and which recognizes the highly variable impact of these tumors on patients.
Resveratrol Supplementation in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Elgebaly Ahmed , Radwan Ibrahim A. I. , AboElnas Mohamed M. , Ibrahim Hamza H. , Eltoomy Moutaz F. M. , Atta Ahmed A. , Mesalam Hend A. , Sayed Alaa A. , Othman Amr A.
Published: March 2017

Background: Resveratrol is a potential treatment option for management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, and calorie restriction-like effects. We aimed to synthesise evidence from published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) about the efficacy of resveratrol in the management of NAFLD.Methods: A computer literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central was conducted using relevant keywords. Records were screened for eligible studies and data were extracted and synthesized using Review Manager Version 5.3 for windows. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted.Results: Four RCTs (n=158 patients) were included in the final analysis. The overall effect estimates did not favor resveratrol group in terms of: serum ALT (MD -2.89, 95%CI [-15.66, 9.88], p=0.66), serum AST (MD -3.59, 95%CI [-13.82, 6.63], p=0.49), weight (MD -0.18, 95%CI [-0.92, 0.55], p=0.63), BMI (MD -0.10, 95 %CI [-0.43, 0.24], p=0.57), blood glucose level (MD -0.27, 95%CI [-0.55, 0.01], p=0.05), insulin level (MD -0.12, 95%CI [-0.69, 0.46], p=0.69), triglyceride level (MD 0.04, 95%CI [-0.45, 0.53], p=0.87), and LDL level (MD 0.21, 95%CI [-0.41, 0.83], p=0.51). Pooled studies were heterogeneous.Conclusion: Current evidence is insufficient to support the efficacy of resveratrol in the management of NAFLD. Resveratrol does not attenuate the degree of liver fibrosis or show a significant decrease in any of its parameters.Abbreviations: ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; CK-18: Cytokeratin-18; CRP: C-reactive protein; HC: Head circumference; HDL: High density lipoprotein; IL-6: Interleukin-6; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; MD: Mean difference; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; RCT: Randomized Controlled Trial; RR: Relative risk; SIRT1: Silent information regulation 2 homologue 1; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; WC: Waist circumference; WHR: Waist hip ratio.
Dual-focus magnification, high-definition endoscopy improves pathology detection in direct-to-test diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: Bond Ashley , Burkitt Michael D , Cox Trevor , Smart Howard L. , Probert Chris , Haslam Neil , Sarkar Sanchoy
Published: March 2017

Background: In the UK, the majority of diagnostic upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopies are a result of direct-to-test referral from the primary care physician. The diagnostic yield of these tests is relatively low, and the burden high on endoscopy services. Dual-focus magnification, high-definition endoscopy is expected to improve detection and classification of UGI mucosal lesions and also help minimize biopsies by allowing better targeting.Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients attending for direct-to-test UGI endoscopy from January 2015 to June 2015. The primary outcome of interest was the identification of significant pathology. Detection of significant pathology was modelled using logistic regression.Results: 500 procedures were included. The mean age of patients was 61.5 (±15.6) years; 60.8% of patients were female. Ninety-four gastroscopies were performed using dual-focus magnification high-definition endoscopy. Increasing age, male gender, type of endoscope, and type of operator were all identified as significant factors influencing the odds of detecting significant mucosal pathology. Use of dual-focus magnification, high-definition endoscopy was associated with an odds ratio of 1.87 (95%CI 1.11-3.12) favouring the detection of significant pathology. Subsequent analysis suggested that the increased detection of pathology during dual-focus magnification, high-definition endoscopy also influenced patient follow-up and led to a 3.0 fold (p=0.04) increase in the proportion of patients entered into an UGI endoscopic surveillance program.Conclusion: Dual-focus magnification, high-definition endoscopy improved the diagnostic yield for significant mucosal pathology in patients referred for direct-to-test endoscopy. If this finding is recapitulated elsewhere it will have substantial impact on the provision of UGI endoscopic services.
How to Diagnose and Treat a Cancer of Unknown Primary Site
Authors: Tomuleasa Ciprian , Zaharie Florin , Muresan Mihai Stefan , Muresan Mihai Stefan , Pop Laura
Published: March 2017

Almost one in every three patients with advanced tumors have distant metastasis at the time of clinical diagnosis. In most cases, the primary tumor site is identified immediately, within a few days. But for some patients, the primary lesion cannot be found after the initial clinical assessment. These cases are called cancers of unknown primary origin (CUPs), a clinical diagnosis very difficult to manage by physicians due to the absence of a standard-of-care for the initial therapeutic regimen, as well as due to the impossibility to include these cases in randomized clinical trials. A cancer of unknown primary site is often associated with a poor prognosis as patients are usually treated with a non-selective empirical therapy. In the current paper, we summarize both the diagnostic challenges for patients with a cancer of unknown primary site as well as the current available therapeutic options, with emphasis on the management of this unique disease entity.
Endovascular Treatment for Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia in a Young Woman with Polyarterial Disease
Authors: Ober Mihai C. , Homorodean Călin , Tătaru Dan A. , Macarie Antonia E. , Ober Camelia D. , Olinic Dan M.
Published: March 2017

Background: Acute mesenteric ischaemia is a condition with a grim prognosis on conservative treatment. Endovascular revascularisation is a promising approach for some of these patients.Case report: We present the case of a 44-year-old woman with a history of severe arterial hypertension, left leg claudication, and overlooked symptoms of chronic mesenteric ischaemia for one year, who was admitted for severe abdominal pain for one week. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) showed acute mesenteric ischaemia by occlusion of the coeliac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), without bowel perforation. In addition, CTA showed tight left renal stenosis and left external iliac stenosis. We performed angioplasty with a stent of the SMA, followed by revascularisation of the left renal artery. On control injection, the SMA appeared re-occluded, requiring a second stent implantation and a loading dose of dual antiplatelet therapy, with a good final result. Subsequently, the clinical course was uneventful, with no need of surgical exploration; a second procedure was planned, aiming at iliac revascularisation. At one month, the patient was asymptomatic, with normal Doppler flow in the SMA. Angiographic control during iliac revascularisation procedure showed a permeable SMA with a good filling of the coeliac trunk territory. Because of the suspicion of fibro-muscular dysplasia as aetiology, coronary angiography and cerebral CTA were performed, in order to exclude other potential lesions.Conclusions: Endovascular revascularisation in AMI is a promising alternative to the surgical approach in patients presenting without bowel perforation. Nevertheless, its safety and many tactical details remain to be clarified. Existing networks for revascularisation in acute myocardial infarction may be useful for the implementation of this approach.Abbreviations: AMI: Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia; CTA: Computed Tomographic Angiography; ICU: Intensive Care Unit; SMA: Superior Mesenteric Artery; STEMI: ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.
VKORC1-1639 G>A Polymorphism and the Risk of Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Groza Ioana , Matei Dana , Tanţău Marcel , Trifa Adrian P , Crişan Sorin , Vesa Ştefan C , Bocşan Corina , Buzoianu Anca D , Acalovschi Monica
Published: March 2017

Background & Aims: The mutations in the gene that encodes vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) enzyme are responsible for low levels of vitamin K. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of the VKORC1 -1639 G> A polymorphism is a risk factor for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in patients without concomitant therapy with vitamin K antagonists.Methods: This case-control study comprised 163 consecutive patients diagnosed with UGIB and 178 controls, in whom the diagnosis of UGIB was excluded. The following data were recorded: age, gender, alcohol consumption, smoking, history of UGIB, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or low-dose aspirin consumption. Genetic analysis included genotyping for the VKORC1 -1639 G>A polymorphism.Results: History of UGIB (OR 3.463, CI95% 1.463-8.198, p=0.005), smoking (OR 2.498, CI95% 1.358-4.597, p=0.003), alcohol consumption (OR 3.283, CI95% 1.796-6.000, p<0.001), use of NSAIDs (OR 4.542, CI95% 2.502-8.247, p<0.001) or of low-dose aspirin (OR 2.390, CI95% 1.326-4.310), and the VKORC1 -1639 G> A AA genotype (OR 1.364, CI95% 0.998-1.863, p=0.05) were associated with an increased risk of UGIB. The risk of UGIB was analyzed in patients with genotype AA who used aspirin or NSAIDs. The genotype AA has not kept its status of independent risk factor (p=0.3). In subjects with NSAIDs/aspirin therapy and genotype AA there was a two times higher chance of UGIB compared to those under NSAIDs/aspirin therapy alone (OR 7.6 vs. 3.6, p<0.001).Conclusion: Patients with non-variceal UGIB caused by the use of NSAIDs or low-dose aspirin are more frequent carriers of the VKORC1 -1639 G>A AA genotype, as compared to those without UGIB.
Crosslinking kezelés hatása a szaruhártya hámosodására
Authors: Gyenes Andrea , Szentmáry Nóra , Tóth Gábor , Kiss Huba , Szekrényesi Csaba , Langenbucher Achim , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt
Published: March 2017

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: To analyse the effect of crosslinking (CXL) on corneal epithelial healing. Patients and method: 39 keratoconus patients following CXL and 11 patients following PRK were enrolled in this study. 21, 45 and 69 hours after CXL and 16, 37 and 61 hours following PRK slitlamp photographs were taken using fluorescein staining and the size of the epithelial defect and the time of epithelial closure was determined. As the observation time-points differed in both groups, the size of the epithelial defect following PRK was calculated for the time points used for analysis of CXL patients. These data were compared using chi-quadrat test. Results: Following crosslinking, epithelial closure occured within 3, following PRK within 4 days. In the area of epithelial erosion 45 and 69 hours after CXL or PRK treatment statistically significant difference (p = 0.005 and p<0.001) was verified. Conclusion: Our results show beneficial effect of crosslinking on corneal epithelial healing. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(10), 376–379.
IDENTIFIKASI KELAYAKAN LOKASI LAHAN BUDI DAYA LAUT DI PERAIRAN TELUK SALEH, KABUPATEN DOMPU, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Utojo Utojo , Mansyur Abdul , Pirzan Andi Marsambuana , Tarunamulia Tarunamulia , Pantjara Brata
Published: March 2017

Nusa Tenggara Barat memiliki sumber daya lahan perikanan pesisir yang cukup potensial untuk pengembangan budi daya laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelayakan lokasi bagi pengembangan budi daya di perairan Teluk Saleh, Kecamatan Empang, Kabupaten Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode survai.
PEMETAAN KELAYAKAN LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BUDI DAYA LAUT DI TELUK SALEH, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Radiarta I Nyoman , Saputra Adang , Priono Bambang
Published: March 2017

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan inventarisasi kelayakan lahan budi daya laut yang disajikan dalam bentuk peta tematik (data spasial). Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di TelukSaleh, Kabupaten Dompu pada bulan Juli dan Oktober 2003. Penentuan stasiun pengamatan dilakukan secara acak dengan teknik sistematik
KELENTURAN FENOTIPIK UDANG GALAH (Macrobrachium rosenbergrr) STRAIN MUSI, BARITO , Glffiacro, DAN PERSILANGAN NYA PADA LINGKUNGAN BERSALINITAS
Authors: Hadie Wartono , Sumantadinata Komar , Noor Ronny Rachman , Subandriyo Subandriyo , Carman Odang , Hadie Lies Emmawati
Published: March 2017

Penefitian kelenturan fenotipik udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergir) dilakukan pada salinitas 0%, 10%, dan '15%. Tiga strain yaitu Barito (BB), Musi(MM), dan GlMacro (GG) digunakanuntuk membentuk dan mengevaluasi populasi dasar tersebut pada salinitas yang berbeda. Perkawinan secara fullsib dan dialelle crosses dilakukan di dalam dan di antara strain. Larva hasil dari persilangan tersebut dipelihara pada bak kerucut dengan menggunakan sistem air jernih pada salinitas 12% - 15%. Pasca larva yang dihasilkan dari masing-masing persilangan dibesarkan di tambak pada tiga salinitas media yang berbeda selama lima bulan.
Transdisciplinaridade e Saúde Coletiva
Authors: Almeida Filho Naomar de
Published: March 2017

Este texto apresenta inicialmente uma revisão de alguns aspectos históricos, epistemológicos e etimológicos associados à construção das noções de análise, método e, principalmente, disciplina. Em seguida, avalia criticamente alguns aspectos lógicos e epistemológicos do esquema de Jantsch-Vasconcelos-Bibeau para uma definição da disciplinaridade e correlates (multidisciplinaridade, pluridisciplinaridade, interdisciplinaridade, metadisciplinaridade, transdisciplinaridade). Por último, discute uma contribuição pessoal do autor no sentido de definir mais precisamente o conceito de transdisciplinaridade, em uma perspectiva pragmática, explorando suas possibilidades de aplicação no campo da Saúde Coletiva.
Sistemas de polonização de duas espécies simpátricas de Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae) no Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Armbruster W. Scott , Webster G. L.
Published: March 2017

Resumo Dalechampia affinis (Euphorbiaceae) e D. scandens crescem simpaticamente nos arredores de Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. Durante uma pesquisa, realizada em setembro de 1978, observou-se que as duas espécies diferiam uma da outra no tamanho da glândula floral que secreta resina (o atrativo do polinizador), na disposição das flores estaminadas e pistiladas na inflorescência, e no periodo do dia que as brácteas da inflorescência se abrem. Tais diferenças resultam de ser D. affinis polinizada principalmente por Euglossa (Apidae) e D. scandens principalmente por Hypanthidium (Megachilidae). Como uma conseqüência dessas diferenças há. provavelmente, pouco fluxo de pólen entre as duas espécies observadas.
Hidroquímica da Amazônia Central III. Química da água de lavagem da floresta no ecossistema Campina Amazônica (Stemflow)
Authors: Santos Antonio dos , Ribeiro Maria de Nazaré Góes , Ribeiro Jorge Salomão B. , Bringel Sérgio Roberto B.
Published: March 2017

Resumo No periodo de junho de 1974 a maio de 1975, foi estudada, através de análises químicas, a água de lavagem da floresta em três agrupamentos florísticos na Reserva Biológica de Campina. Esta abordagem procurou quantificar a entrada de íons e compostos orgânicos nutritivos usados por macro e micropopulações como fonte de energia e alimento, lixiviados através das precipitações do dossel da floresta. Os resultados das determinações químicas e físico-químicas (médias mensais) mostraram que nos três agrupamentos existem pequenas diferenças individuais nas quantidades carreadas de P-total N-NO-3 e Ca2+, enquanto que N-NH2+4, N-Orgânico, N-total e Mg2* apresentaram diferenças quantitativas apreciáveis. Entretanto as maiores quantidades lixiviadas foram de material orgânico. Os compostos nitrogenados mostraram ser mais facilmente carreados, seguidos em ordem decrescente do cálcio, magnésio e fósforo total em todo o sistema, exceção feita à campina onde a concentração de magnésio superou a do cálcio. As variações sazonais observadas com a liberação e transporte de nutrientes do dossel da floresta para o solo, estão intimamente ligadas à duração, à intensidade e à distribuição da precipitação pluvial, na área estudada.
Investigações limnológicas e ictiológicas em Curuá-Una, a primeira represa hidrelétrica na Amazônia Central
Authors: Junk Wolfgang J. , Robertson Bárbara A. , Darwich Assad José , Vieira Ivanzir
Published: March 2017

Resumo No presente trabalho, são apresentados os resultados limnológicos elaborados durante o período de abril e maio de 1978, em Curuá-Una, a primeira represa hidrelétrica da bacia Amazônica. Foram estudadas as condições hidroquímicas, as macrófitas aquáticas, o zooplâncton (Cladocera), e a ictiofauna. A água dos afluentes da represa, de um modo geral, é extremamente pobre em sais minerais. Mesmo assim, observaram-se nítidas diferenças químicas entre os afluentes principais, A redução no teor de oxigênio, dentro da represa, foi bem pronunciada. Grandes quantidades de macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes ocorreram na represa, sendo que as principais espécies foram: Eichhorrhia crassipes, Scirpus cubensis, Pistia stratiotes e Paspalum repens. A abundância das plantas e sua ocorrência mostram nítidas relações com as condições hidroquímicas. As 34 espécies de Cladocera, representantes de 6 famílias, foram identificadas. O número de indivíduos, no entanto, foi relativamente baixo. Três espécies, Bosminopsis deitersi, Ceriodaphnia cornuta e Ceriodaphnia reticulata representaram entre 53 - 99% dos espécimens coletados. Sessenta e duas espécies de peixes, pertencendo a 14 famílias, foram coletadas. Observou-se uma preferência de algumas espécies pela área do reservatório, enquanto outras foram encontradas principalmente acima ou abaixo da represa. A freqüência de piranhas foi duas vezes maior na represa, do que nos locais acima ou abaixo da mesma.
Brazilian Portuguese version of the Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS-R-BR): semantic adaptation and validity
Authors: Zimmermann Nicolle , Pereira Ana Paula Almeida de , Fonseca Rochele Paz
Published: March 2017

This study describes the adaptation of a revised Brazilian version of the Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS-R-BR), which focuses on executive, mnemonic, and attention functions. Evidence of content-based and external validity is also reported. The cross-cultural adaptation was conducted in five phases: 1) translations and back translations; 2) item analysis by authors; 3) classification by experts; 4) revisions and reformulations by authors; 5) pilot study with a sample of patients with mild and moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were analyzed descriptively, and the PCRS-R-BR scores of groups with mild vs. moderate/severe TBI were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. Patients and their relatives were divided into groups and compared using repeated-measures analysis. The results of the PCRS-R-BR questionnaire for relatives and discrepancy scores of patients with moderate/severe TBI revealed significantly more impairment than that found in the group of patients with mild TBI. There were significant differences between item and total scores of both groups of patients and relatives. Results indicated a high level of item content agreement between experts. This study found initial evidence of PCRS-R-BR content-based and external validity when the questionnaire was applied to patients with mild and moderate/severe TBI and their relatives.
Comparison phenotypic and genotypic identification of Staphylococcus species isolated from bovine mastitis
Authors: Guimarães Felipe Freitas , Joaquim Samea Fernandes , Manzi Marcela Pinho , Silva Rodrigo Costa da , Bruder-Nascimento Ariane Cristina Mendes de Oliveira , Costa Elizabeth Oliveira , Langoni Hélio
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: In addition to Staphylococcus aureus nowadays other coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), earlier considered of minor importance, are now accepted as relevant pathogens for humans and animals. The involvement of these microorganisms in bovine mastitis etiology and the possibility their transmission through milk to humans justify the requirement of developing reliable methods for identification of the most frequent species among them. The purpose of this study was to compare the phenotypic techniques with the genotypic method carried out by sequencing of the rpoB gene in identification of several species of the genus Staphylococcus isolated from bovine mastitis. A total of 300 staphylococci isolates of bovine mastitis cases from several Brazilian dairy herds were studied by phenotypic and genotypic techniques, respectively: 150 CoPS and 150 CoNS strains. A total of 18 CoNS different species and 4 CoPS species were identified. Among the CoNS the following species were recognized: 48 (32%) Staphylococcus warneri, 22(15%) S. epidermidis, 20(13%) S. hyicus, 10(7%) S. xylosus, 7(5%) S. haemolyticus, 6(4%) S. simulans, 6(4%) S. schleiferi subsp schleiferi, 6(4%) S. hominis, 5(3%) S. pasteuri, 4(2.7%) S. cohnii, 3(2%) S. saprophyticus subsp. saprophyticus 3(2%) S. chromogenes 3(2%) S. sciuri, 2(1%) S. saccharolyticus, 2(1%) S. lugdunensi, 1(0,7%) S. auricularis, 1(70%) S. saprophyticus subsp. bovis, 1(0.7%) S. capitis. And among the 150 CoPS were identified respectively: 105 (70%) S. aureus, 21(14%), S. hyicus, 19(13%) S. intermedius e 5(3%) S. schleiferi subsp coagulans. Considering the 150 CoNS isolates, the identifications performed by phenotypic and genotypic tests presented 96.7% of concordance, kappa coefficient of agreement = 0.933, SE (standard error) of kappa=0.021 (95% confidence interval: 0.893 to 0.974), Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) = 0.9977, (confidence interval 95%: 0.9938 a 0.9992) and in relation to 150 CPS isolates it was detected an agreement of 98.7%, kappa = 0.960, SE of kappa = 0.016, (95% confidence interval: 0.929 to 0.992) Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) = 0.9994 (95% confidence interval: 0.9681 to 1.0000). The verified agreement strength between the identification methods can be considered as excellent. These results assure that according to laboratory resources any of them will be suitable to perform the staphylococci identification.
Extremes of maternal age and child mortality: analysis between 2000 and 2009
Authors: Ribeiro Fanciele Dinis , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta , Sant'Anna Flávia Lopes , Dalmas José Carlos , Girotto Edmarlon
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of infant mortality at the extremes of maternal age.METHOD: Retrospective, cross-sectional quantitative study using data from Live Birth Certificates, Death Certificates and from Child Death Investigation records in Londrina, Paraná, in the years of 2000-2009.RESULTS: During the 10-year study period,there were 176 infant deaths among mothers up to 19 years of age, and 113 deaths among mothers aged 35 years or more. The infant mortality rate among young mothers was 14.4 deaths per thousand births, compared to 12.9 deaths in the other age group. For adolescent mothers, the following conditions prevailed: lack of a stable partner (p<0.001), lack of a paid job (p<0.001), late start of prenatal care in the second trimester of pregnancy (p<0.001), fewer prenatal visits (p<0.001) and urinary tract infections (p<0.001). On the other hand, women aged 35 or more had a higher occurrence of hypertension during pregnancy (p<0.001), and of surgical delivery (p<0.001). Regarding the underlying cause of infant death, congenital anomalies prevailed in the group of older mothers (p=0.002), and external causes were predominant in the group of young mothers (p=0.019).CONCLUSION: Both age groups deserve the attention of social services for maternal and child health, especially adolescent mothers, who presented a higher combination of factors deemed hazardous to the child's health.
A avaliação no Ensino de Ciências Naturais nos documentos oficiais e na literatura acadêmica: uma temática com muitas questões em aberto
Authors: Dantas Claudio Rejane da Silva , Massoni Neusa Teresinha , Santos Flávia Maria Teixeira dos
Published: March 2017

Resumo Este trabalho consiste em uma revisão da literatura e da legislação sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem focalizando o Ensino de Ciências Naturais. Foram examinadas criticamente a legislação do Brasil e do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e artigos de revistas da área da Educação e do Ensino de Ciências. O estudo1revela que há certo consenso na literatura sobre o predomínio da avaliação tradicional, centrada em provas escritas, atrelada ao modelo de busca de resultados. A legislação reconhece que a avaliação da aprendizagem utilizada na escola distancia-se das orientações oficiais, que enfatizam os aspectos qualitativos e formativos sobre os quantitativos. Literatura e legislação convergem com a orientação de que os professores precisam diversificar seus instrumentos visando alcançar uma avaliação formativa. Reflete-se também o debate acerca das possibilidades e limitações das avaliações externas e proposta do Plano Nacional da Educação de 2014 para englobar o Ensino de Ciências no Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB), mas percebe-se que muito pouco desse debate chega efetivamente nas salas de aula.
Tecnicas de fisioterapia respiratoria: efeito nos parametros cardiorrespiratorios e na dor do neonato estavel em UTIN
Authors: Martins Renata , Silva Maria Eduarda Merlin da , Honorio Gesilani Julia da Silva , Paulin Elaine , Schivinski Camila Isabel Santos
Published: March 2017

OBJETIVOS: verificar os efeitos de técnicas de fisioterapia respiratória (TFR) na dor e na função cardiorrespiratória de recém-nascidos (RN) clinicamente estáveis com prescrição de TFR, internados em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. MÉTODOS: ensaio clínico randomizado cego. Os RN foram alocados em três grupos: G1-controle; G2- fisioterapia convencional; G3-reequilíbrio tóracoabdominal. Neonatos do G2 e G3 receberam intervenção em atendimento único. Todos foram avaliados antes, imediatamente após e 15 minutos após o término da intervenção/repouso quanto aos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios (saturação periférica de oxigênio/SpO2, frequências cardíaca/fc e respiratória/fr) e dor (escalas específicas: NIPS, NFCS e PIPP). Para análise dos dados foram aplicados: testes qui-quadrado, Friedman, Kruskal- Wallis e, posteriormente, análise de comparações múltiplas, com p<0,05 significativo. RESULTADOS: participaram do estudo 60 RN, dos quais 56,7% eram do sexo feminino, 68,3% prétermo/ muito baixo peso, com média de idade gestacional corrigida de 38,88 ± 2,03 semanas, idade de 13,22 ± 7,37 dias e peso de 1603,42 ± 439,16 gramas. Antes da intervenção, os grupos eram equivalentes quanto à presença de dor e parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios basais. Comparando os efeitos de cada um dos procedimentos, entre os grupos e no decorrer das três avaliações, não houve alterações significativas em nenhum dos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios avaliados (p>0,05) e em relação à dor houve mudanças significativas nas escalas NIPS (G1 e G2, p=0,037 e p=0,011, respectivamente) e PIPP (G2, p=0,005). CONCLUSÕES: técnicas de fisioterapia respiratória não desencadearam dor, nem instabilidade cardiorrespiratória nos RN estudados.
Cancer survival among children and adolescents at a state referral hospital in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Zouain-Figueiredo Glaucia Perini , Zandonade Eliana , Amorim Maria Helena Costa
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the patient characteristics and evaluate overall survival, survival according to demographic variables, the most common tumor groups and subgroups, the stages of disease, and risk factors after at least 5 years among children and adolescents with cancer who were admitted to a state referral hospital between 2000 and 2005. METHODS: the Kaplan-Meier method was employed to estimate survival. The survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. The Cox regression model was used to estimate the effect of independent variables. RESULTS: a total of 571 new cases were registered. The most frequent cancer groups were leukemia (34%), lymphoma (18%), and central nervous system (CNS) tumors (15%).The overall survival rate was 59%. The risk factors associated with lower survival were an age of more than 4 years or less than 1 year, the presence of CNS tumors, and non-localized disease. CONCLUSION: although this was not a populationbased study, it provides important epidemiological information about a state where population data on childhood and adolescent cancer are scarce and where hospital-based data do not exist. The survival rate found here should serve as a framework for future improvements, helping to guide policymakers focused on pediatric oncology in the state.
Extrato de tingui na conservação da tilápia-do-Nilo
Authors: MIRANDA Aline Dayane Lopes ,   Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros,  Brasil, DELVAUX JÚNIOR Nelson Abreu , AIURA Felipe Shindy , AIURA Auriclécia Lopes de Oliveira , MACIEL Mônica Patrícia , AROUCA Cláudio Luiz Corrêa
Published: March 2017

RESUMO O objetivo foi avaliar o extrato de tingui aplicado previamente ao abate nas alterações post mortem da tilápia-do-Nilo. Utilizou-se 72 exemplares de tilápia-do-Nilo com peso médio de 527 ± 53g. Os peixes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 12 caixas com capacidade de 50 litros cada, às quais foram adicionadas três soluções de acordo com os tratamentos, extrato de tingui hidroalcoólico; extrato de tingui aquoso e cloro, formando um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os peixes permaneceram nas caixas durante 40 minutos e após esse período eles foram colocados em caixas isotérmicas contendo água e gelo (1:1) para a insensibilização e abate. Posteriormente, os peixes foram acondicionados em bandejas plásticas, contendo gelo em camadas. O período de armazenamento foi de 21 dias. Foram avaliados, o rigor mortis, pH, bases nitrogenadas voláteis totais (BNVT) e a análise sensorial. O rigor mortis dos peixes atingiu plenitude após 14 horas de armazenamento em todos os tratamentos. O tratamento com extrato de tingui aquoso se mostrou mais eficiente, evitando que o pescado sofresse alterações de pH e BNVT durante 21 dias de armazenamento, além de ser melhor aceito sensorialmente.
Analysis of Occupational Tuberculosis in the Brazilian National Recording System, 2007–2011
Authors: Souza Fernanda Mattos de , Prado Thiago Nascimento do , Nunes Gabriela Ferreira , Possuelo Lia Gonçalves , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia
Published: March 2017

Justificativa e objetivos: O Brasil está entre os 22 países com alta prevalência de tuberculose (TB) e um dos cinco países que juntos contém 48% dos casos de TB do mundo. Os profissionais de saúde (PS) estão entre os grupos vulneráveis para adquirir a infecção. Contudo, outras categorias profissionais também são expostas a esse risco, como: mineiros e trabalhadores que manipulam amianto. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e comparar as características epidemiológicas da tuberculose ocupacional (TB) entre os profissionais de saúde (PS) e não profissionais de saúde (N-PS). Métodos: Estudo transversal utilizando o banco de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Brasil. Resultados: A proporção de casos de tuberculose ocupacional com base em dados de 2007-2011 foi de 1,6%. Analisamos 3.049 indivíduos, dos quais 298 (10%) eram PS e 2.751 (90%) foram N-PS. PS foram menos prováveis de serem do sexo masculino (OR = 0,24: IC 95%: 0,18-0,32), etilista (OR = 0,17; IC 95%: 0,05-0,54), cobertos pelo programa DOTS (OR = 0,58; IC 95%: 0,43-0,77) e de serem transferidos (OR = 0,34; IC 95%: 0,16-0,70). Por outro lado, os PS são mais prováveis de terem mais de 8 anos de estudo (OR = 27,47; IC 95%: 16,64-45,34), 43 anos ou mais de idade (OR = 1,96; IC 95%: 1,37-2,79) e de terem TB extrapulmonar (OR = 1,60; IC 95%: 1,12-2,28). Conclusões: Os resultados do nosso estudo destacam a tuberculose como uma doença ocupacional, fortalecendo as discussões em torno da saúde do trabalhador e revelando a necessidade de medidas em saúde pública para prevenção e controle da TB em N-PS.
The Effect of the Teachers' Training Model "Academy- Class" on the Teacher Students' Professional Development from Students' Perspectives
Authors: Assadi Nabil , Murad Tareq
Published: March 2017

this study attempts to examine the effect of a new model in teacher education or training, Academy-Class, on teacher students' professional development according to their point of view. The research examines the influence of the new training model on the pre-service teachers' relations with their, training teachers, pedagogical instructors and the students of the school. The participants of the study were 32 third year students who study at Sakhnin College and do their training at nearby schools `for three days. The instrument of the study was a questionnaire and an interview. The validity and reliability of the study instrument was obtained. The findings of the study were: 1. The student teachers' level of knowledge, skills and qualifications of teaching and learning is higher after the program than before. 2. The teacher students experienced the training more effectively and efficiently after the program. 3. The student teachers are more convinced that they made more professional and correct choice of career after the program than before 4. The student teachers' attitude towards the pedagogical instructor, the training teacher, the school students and the contribution of the training by the program towards strengthening the relationship with the school and its students was higher after the program than before.
Metaphors for Educators: A Cultural Cognitive Approach
Authors: Tao Mei
Published: March 2017

Cognitive Linguistics maintains that metaphor is one of the basic ways of thinking and the cognitive tool for talking about and understanding abstract concepts. The present research focuses on metaphors for educators and attempts to uncover the underlying cognitive mechanism for the metaphorical construe or conceptions of educators. This research is committed to the investigation of the cognitive function of metaphors and attempts to explore and explain the cross-cultural variation and universality between metaphors for educators in Chinese and English through cultural models and cognitive models. This research not only broadens the research perspectives of conceptual metaphor, but also enriches the contents of cross-cultural metaphorical research.
The Effect of Using SMS as a Post Task Activity on Iranian EFL Learners’ Grammar Knowledge
Authors: Farangi Mohamad Reza , Kamyab Jamileh , Izanlu Majid , Ghodrat Nazanin
Published: March 2017

The current study aimed at investigating the effect of using SMS on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ grammar learning. Moreover, the effect of using SMS on the Iranian EFL students’ autonomy and their perception of it as an educational tool was investigated. The participants of the present study consisted of 60 upper-intermediate Iranian EFL learners. Different instrumentations including the Oxford Placement Test (OPT), grammar test, and Autonomy Questionnaire were used in this study. Through adopting a quasi-experimental design with a pretest- treatment-posttest sequence, participants were divided into Experimental and Control group. The data was analyzed and inferentially compared using independent sample and paired sample t-test. The results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest means of experimental and control group regarding their performance in grammar test. The results showed that experimental group learners outperformed the learners in control group. Therefore, using SMS had a significant effect on Iranian EFL learners’ effective learning of grammatical structures; in addition, it helped students to increase their autonomy towards learning. As an implication of this study, it is proposed that SMS usage can be incorporated into language classroom effectively to enhance learners’ learning of different language skills.
INFECÇÃO DO SÍTIO CIRÚRGICO EM PACIENTES NO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE CIRURGIAS ORTOPÉDICAS ELETIVAS
Authors: Santos Paulo Vitor Ferreira , Jesus Karoline Bispo de , Santana Kamilla Ismerim Santos Pereira de , Nogueira Emília Cervino , Cariri Luciana Santos , Brito Fabiana Pereira Guimarães
Published: March 2017

A Infecção do Sítio Cirúrgico (ISC) é definida como um processo infeccioso inflamatório da ferida ou cavidade operatória. O estudo teve como objetivo identificar a incidência de infecção do sitio cirúrgico no período pós-operatório em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas ortopédicas, classificar o tipo de cirurgia quanto ao potencial de contaminação e caracterizar a ferida operatória quanto ao grau de infecção. Estudo descritivo de caráter exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 140 pacientes durante consulta em pós-operatório de cirurgia ortopédica no ambulatório de retorno localizado em um Hospital Geral do estado de Sergipe. Dos 140 pacientes que compareceram ao retorno no pós-operatório de cirurgia ortopédica, 122 (80%) foram do sexo masculino e 28 (20%) do sexo feminino. Quanto a faixa etária, 131 (93,6%) pacientes encontravam-se entre 18-59 anos, e 9 (6,4%) acima dos 60 anos. A maior parte das cirurgias ortopédicas foram classificadas como cirurgias limpas 129 (92,10%), e apenas 11 (7,90%) foram classificadas como infectadas. Foram detectadas 78 ISC (55,8%), sendo que 60 dessas infecções (42,9%) foram classificadas como infecção do sítio cirúrgico incisional superficial e 18 infecções (12,9%) classificadas como infecção do sítio cirúrgico incisional profunda. Na relação entre a classificação cirúrgica e a classificação da infecção do sítio cirúrgico, o estudo mostrou que entre as cirurgias limpas, 62 procedimentos (48,1%) não apresentaram sinais de infecção. A diabetes mellitus, a hipertensão, a cirurgia prolongada, o uso de fixador externo, o tempo pré-operatório prolongado e o uso de material de implante foram identificados como fatores de risco para ISC.
Psychophysiological and molecular genetic correlates of fatigue
Authors: Polikanova I.S. , Leonov S.V.
Published: March 2017

The article is devoted to a theoretical overview in the field of fatigue, and in particular to recent data on psychophysiological and molecular-genetic correlates of fatigue. Nowadays there exist many methods used to assess fatigue and other functional states: subjective, behavioral and physiological methods. Earlier the studies in the area of fatigue were mainly focused on looking for an objective indicator. The current research focuses on an integral approach. Over recent years the significant progress in molecular biology has been achieved, which provided a significant impact on quality and scope of investigations. Now we can find numerous researches which reflect the link between the presence of certain polymorphisms and expression of behavioral patterns or physiological reactions. Thus, in the present study we make an attempt to reflect the existing psycho-physiological and molecular-genetic correlates of fatigue.
Neurocognitive mechanisms of decision making in Iowa Gambling Task
Authors: Zinchenko O.O.
Published: March 2017

The article is devoted to the problem of understanding the decision making under uncertainty. The promising way of investigating the mechanisms of decision making is to use ecologically valid empirical models of decision-making situations. Iowa Gambling Task has been developed to allow research in ecological approach. One of the most prominent questions is to determine neural basis involved in holistic decision making. The article provides an overview of foreign publications and studies on the issue of decision making under uncertainty in case of Iowa Gambling Task.