bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Agama Islam Berwawasan Lingkungan Hidup Menuju Program Adiwiyata di SMP Plus Nurul Wafa
Authors: Hidayah Anis Rofi
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : : 1. Untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan pendidikan agama islam berwawasan lingkungan hidup menuju program adiwiyata di MTs Nurul Wafa Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2019/2020 2. Untuk Mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pendidikan agama islam berwawasan lingkungan hidup menuju program adiwiyata di MTs Nurul Wafa Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2019/2020 3. Untuk mendeskripsikan evaluasi pendidikan agama islam berwawasan lingkungan hidup menuju program adiwiyata di MTs Nurul Wafa Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2019/2020. Untuk mempermudahkan proses penelitian ini, maka peneliti membuat rumusan masalah yang diantaranya : 1. Bagaimana perencanaan pendidikan agama islam berwawasan lingkungan hidup menuju program adiwiyata di MTs Nurul Wafa Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2019/2020 2. Bagaimana pelaksanaan pendidikan agama islam berwawasan lingkungan hidup menuju program adiwiyata di MTs Nurul Wafa Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2019/2020 3. Bagaimana evaluasi pendidikan agama islam berwawasan lingkungan hidup menuju program adiwiyata di MTs Nurul Wafa Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2019/2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode : jenis penelitian field research, pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program Adiwiyata yang di Implementasikan di SMP Plus Nurul Wafa dalam perencanaan yang dilakukakan guru PAI harus menyiapkan perangkat pembelajaran seperti RPP, Silabus, Prota dan Prosem, sebagai langkah awal sekolah menyiapkan 5P, pengelolaan sampah, penghijauan, pengendalian pencemaran, perubahan iklim, partisipasi aktif. Sedangkan dalam pelaksanaan program guru PAI mengikuti program yang sudah direncanakan oleh sekolah dalam pelaksanaan 5P. Untuk evaluasi, sekolah dan dewan guru lebih menitik beratkan terhadap capaian dalam aspek kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik.
Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Agama, Program Adiwiyata
Peranan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Aktifitas Belajar Siswa
Authors: Pamungkas Teguh Karya
Published: April 2022

Motivasi memiliki peranan yang penting dalam suatu proses belajar mengajar, terutama dalam peningkatan kualitas hasil belajar, dan dalam rangka meningkatkan kemauan dan keinginan belajar bagi peserta didik. Motivasi merupakan factor penentu apakah peserta didik akan berhasil dalam proses belajar mengajarnya ataupun akan menemukan kegagalan tergantung dari motivasi yang dimilikinya. Demikian juga dalam hal aktifitas belajar, karena aktifitas belajar adalah merupakan aktifitas yang memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar atau kualitas pembelajaran. Aktifitas belajar siswa dan motivasi siswa merupakan satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan, dalam rangka kelangsungan proses belajar mengajar, motivasi bertujuan untuk memberikan semangat dan dorongan kepada peserta didik agar mampu dan mau menjalankan aktifitasnya sebagai seorang pelajar. Dalam penelitian ini dibagi dua bagian, bagian pertama tentang kajian teori, bagian yang kedua membahas hasil empiris. Pembahasan teoritis merupakan pembahasan melalui studi kepustakaan, sedangkan pembahasan empiris diperoleh dari pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode angket, observasi, interview, dan dokumenter. Sedangkan penentuan sampel dengan tehnik proporsional random sampling dari data yang diperoleh, diuji dengan menggunakan analisa data statistik dengan menggunakan rumus  prosentase. Adapun kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah Peranan motivasi terhadap aktifitas belajar siswa dalam penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Dengan perolehan angka prosentasi Motivasi ekstrinsik 74.8% dan motivasi instrinsik 85 % maka sama dengan 79.9 % dan aktifitas belajar di sekolah 76.4% dan aktifitas dirumah 80.8%, maka  sama dengan 78.6 % sehingga 79.25 yang berarti baik.

 

Kata Kunci: Motivasi; Aktivitas; Belajar Siswa;
Investigation of acute kidney injury and related factors in hospital patients; single center experience
Authors: BİRİCİK Mehmet , BOSTAN Feyzi
Published: April 2022

Objectives: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a very common clinical problem. This picture is seen in 5-7% of hospitalized patients and in 25-30% of patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, etiology, clinical features, prognosis and complications in adult patients hospitalized with of AKI.

Methods: This study was organized as an observation study in which the files of the patients admitted to internal medicine and nephrology clinics between September 2012 and September 2017 were examined. All patients admitted to the internal medicine and nephrology clinics with the diagnosis of AKI were included in the study. But those under the age of 18, patients with chronic kidney damage, ex-patients after hospitalization, patients who were sent to the intensive care unit after hospitalization, patients who voluntarily refused treatment or left the service and who were hospitalized for more than 48 hours, but those who did not have biochemical analysis during their stay were excluded. RIFLE creatinine criteria were used for AKI identification.

Results: The study included 354 patients. 177 (50%) patients were male and 177 (50%) patients were female. The incidence of prerenal AKI in the internal medicine and nephrology clinics was 53.39%, renal AKI was 36.44% and postrenal AKI was 10.17%. When the causes of AKI were examined, 33.9% hypovolemia, 15.5% UTI and 13.5% gastroenteritis were detected. The dialysis rate was 23.7%.

Conclusion: Inconclusion, although the incidence of AKI is acceptable in our hospital. It is found to be compatible with the literature and it is possible to catch the early stage of injury by decreasing the frequency especially with better management of elderly patients and more closely monitoring renal functions in this group of patients.
clínica ampliada e a formação médica
Authors: Taveira Maria das Graças Monte Melo , Correia Divanise  Suruagy , Farias Maria Stella Jakeline Alves , Coelho Jorge Artur Peçanha de Miranda , Souza Carlos Dornels Freire de
Published: April 2022

Introdução: A Clínica Ampliada busca a integração e a construção de vínculos entre profissionais e usuários do sistema de saúde, expandindo os recursos de intervenção sobre o processo saúde-doença. Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou analisar o conhecimento sobre Clínica Ampliada entre estudantes do internato de um curso de Medicina no Nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado em 2017, que envolveu 25 acadêmicos de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário sobre o tema estudado e analisados pelo programa Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ). Resultados: Foram observadas cinco classes de conhecimento sobre Clínica Ampliada: “aplicação”, “conhecimento”, “espaço de uso no internato”, “vivência” e “desafios da formação”. Os estudantes conhecem-na, e a formação médica por eles vivenciada apoia-se na perspectiva do cuidado ampliado, principalmente na atenção básica. Nos demais níveis de atenção ela é pouco trabalhada. Conclusões: Conclui-se que, embora avanços sejam notados no percurso formativo do curso em questão, ainda persiste a necessidade de melhor articulação no que se refere à aplicação da Clínica Ampliada em todos os níveis de atenção.
Atividade das Unidades de Saúde Familiares da Área Metropolitana do Porto no Facebook em ano de COVID-19
Authors: Correia André Fernandes
Published: April 2022

Introdução: As redes sociais têm possibilitado, nos últimos anos, novas formas de interação entre pessoas e entidades e a partilha escalável de conteúdos de diversas áreas, embora nem sempre de forma criteriosa. Objetivos: Caracterizar a presença de páginas das Unidades de Saúde Familiar da Área Metropolitana do Porto (Portugal) na plataforma Facebook à data de dezembro de 2020, suas métricas de idade, seguidores, publicações e interações num dado intervalo de tempo e sua distribuição por modelo organizacional (Unidades de Saúde Familiar–A/B) e Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde; verificar a tendência de criação de páginas em 2020 – ano de pandemia por COVID-19 – e aferir as temáticas abordadas pelas 50 publicações dos últimos 60 dias que obtiveram mais interações. Métodos: Estudo exploratório transversal, descritivo e analítico, com verificação individual das páginas das Unidades de Saúde Familiar da Área Metropolitana do Porto a 30 de dezembro de 2020 e obtenção de métricas relativas a um intervalo de 60 dias de atividade por meio da página Fanpage Karma. Foram calculadas frequências, intervalos, médias e medianas e aplicados testes paramétricos e não paramétricos. Resultados: Das 135 Unidades de Saúde Familiar funcionantes (64% Unidades de Saúde Familiar–B), 53% tinham página ativa (61% Unidades de Saúde Familiar–B, p<0,05), variando entre 0 e 81,3% das Unidades de Saúde Familiar em cada Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde, criadas nos últimos dez anos (mediana 4,6 anos, Unidades de Saúde Familiar–A 1,5 versus Unidades de Saúde Familiar–B 5,3, p<0,05), com crescimento de 44% no ano de 2020. O número de seguidores distribui-se heterogeneamente entre diferentes Unidades de Saúde Familiar e Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde, contudo sem diferenças entre modelos de Unidades de Saúde Familiar, não ultrapassando o milhar em 69% das páginas, e com apenas cinco páginas alcançando mais de 2 mil seguidores. Das páginas ativas, 75% (54/72) publicaram em média 0,3 vez por dia nos últimos 60 dias. Não se verificam associações significativas entre o número de seguidores ou entre modelos Unidades de Saúde Familiar–A/B e o tempo da última publicação ou o número de publicações a 60 dias. Durante esse tempo, foram geradas 15.913 interações (média de 18,8 por publicação). Analisadas as 50 publicações com mais interações dos últimos 60 dias, verifica-se o predomínio de temas relacionados com a COVID-19 e com questões organizacionais e burocráticas, efemérides relativas às Unidades de Saúde Familiar e informação/promoção da vacina contra a COVID-19. Discussão: Admite-se haver aplicação reduzida pelas Unidades de Saúde Familiar (embora crescente em ano de pandemia) do potencial comunicacional e colaborativo das redes sociais. Havendo margem de progressão, estas podem constituir uma ferramenta complementar e interativa para a promoção do acesso e a melhoria da qualidade dos serviços, o combate à desinformação, a capacitação para a saúde dos cidadãos e a melhoria de resultados em saúde.
Avaliação dos produtos alimentícios adquiridos por adultos com obesidade e o grau de processamento dos alimentos
Authors: Sugizaki Clara Sandra de Araújo , Freitas Ana Tereza Vaz de Souza , Sagno Adriana Luz Martins , Schincaglia Raquel Machado , Menezes Ida Helena Carvalho Francescantonio , Sousa Lucilene Maria de
Published: April 2022

Introdução: O aumento da obesidade está relacionado a mudanças no padrão de aquisição e de consumo de produtos alimentícios ultraprocessados em detrimento de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a prevalência de obesidade em um território adstrito à Unidade Básica de Saúde, em município de pequeno porte, e avaliar os produtos alimentícios adquiridos pelos indivíduos com obesidade de acordo com o grau de processamento. Métodos: Estudo analítico transversal dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira, foi investigado o índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 533 indivíduos da cidade de pequeno porte. Selecionou-se 60 indivíduos para a segunda etapa, em que foram investigados determinantes do perfil nutricional, tais como aquisição de alimentos e gasto com alimentação. Resultados: Na primeira etapa, foi encontrada a prevalência de 30,39% de obesidade. Na segunda, não houve diferença significativa na aquisição de alimentos por grau de processamento. No entanto, chama atenção a quantidade adquirida de processados e ultraprocessados. Mais de 18% dos entrevistados relataram omitir o café da manhã e quase 22% disseram almoçar no trabalho. Não houve diferenças nos gastos totais, por local de compra e na proporção de gastos com alimentação em relação à renda familiar e às categorias de obesidade. Conclusões: A prevalência de obesidade no distrito estudado é alta, tendo em vista sua população. Sugerimos que essa prevalência possa ser influenciada pela aquisição de ultraprocessados, pela alimentação fora do lar e pela omissão do café da manhã.
Encarando a finitude
Authors: Conzatti Maiara
Published: April 2022

O livro de Kathryn Mannix intitulado Precisamos falar sobre a morte é transformador pessoal e profissionalmente. A autora aborda, por meio de experiências vivenciadas com seus pacientes em final de vida, os padrões e o jeito único de cada indivíduo vivenciar a finitude; além disso, discorre sobre a importância de falar sobre a imortalidade e a capacidade humana de ressignificar os momentos dolorosos, o legado de cada indivíduo e a preocupação com a transcendência. Não é um livro sobre morrer, mas sobre como viver na perspectiva de que não somos imortais.
Fatores de risco e prevenção do suicídio na Atenção Primária à Saúde em tempos de pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Silva Eder Paulo Reis Ornelas , Santos Hebert Luan Pereira Campos dos , Maciel Fernanda Beatriz Melo , Manfroi Edi Cristina , Prado Nília Maria de Brito Lima
Published: April 2022

Introdução: O suicídio constitui-se em uma das principais causas de morte evitáveis. A pandemia da COVID-19 pode contribuir para reforçar os fatores de risco e a ideação suicida em razão da diminuição da capacidade de enfrentamento emocional ante a crise sanitária mundial. Ao mesmo tempo, os serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) foram demandados a construir uma resposta rápida a questões relacionadas à saúde mental. Objetivo: Refletir sobre os fatores de risco e as possíveis intervenções para a prevenção do suicídio na atenção primária no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa pautada na construção de uma análise crítica da literatura internacional sobre os fatores de risco e a prevenção do suicídio na APS durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus. Esta revisão foi construída por meio do levantamento de evidências na literatura internacional, feito pelo acesso às bases de dados científicas Web of Science, Science Direct e Scopus usando os descritores suicide AND prevention AND COVID-19 AND Primary Health Care. Foram incluídos artigos científicos disponibilizados entre dezembro de 2019 e setembro de 2020 e publicados em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: O corpus de análise foi composto de 15 artigos, com predominância da descrição de fatores de risco, da implementação e das adaptações de estratégias de intervenções específicas mediadas por recursos de tecnologia da informação e comunicação para oferecer cuidados de saúde mental. Conclusões: Os cuidados colaborativos pautados pelos atributos essenciais da APS destacaram-se como estratégias prioritárias para ofertar cuidados contínuos e longitudinais no contexto da pandemia.
A Note on Horizontal Equity
Authors: Kaplow Louis
Published: May 2022

Richard Musgrave has recently offered a new defense of the concept of horizontal equity (HE)-the requirement of equal treatment of equals-as an independent norm in assessing tax policy. This defense is significantly more elaborate than the brief sketch he offered in his pioneering treatise or in his subsequent work on the subject. Musgrave's latest contribution is important because prior literature developing and applying HE measures gives little justification for this norm. The gap in the literature remains, however, because Musgrave assumes what must be demonstrated and suggests an index of HE that is implausible.
Digital Health Commercialization: Considerations and Case Study
Authors: Ortigas-Wedekind Marga
Published: April 2022

Digital Health companies have captured the interest of many stakeholders in the medical and technology communities, not least of which is investors. Other stakeholders include government regulators, clinicians, health care administrators, patients, and payors, all of whom have differing expectations of the digital health sector. The unconstrained term “digital health” covers a “Wild West” landscape of non-traditional solutions and services and encompasses multiple areas ranging from clinical workflow enhancement systems to digital therapeutics. With only a handful of long-term success stories in this nascent industry, the following discussion examines some considerations for the effective commercialization of a digital health product and presents a case study on a successful pioneering company, iRhythm® Technologies Inc. The reader will 1) understand how the complexity of traditional medical technology sales extends into digital health, 2) learn from a practical case study and 3) be exposed to emerging commercialization models in this new space.
Formation and evolution of striation plasma in high-pressure argon glow discharge
Authors: Zhu Hai-Long , Shi Yu-Jun , Wang Jia-Wei , Zhang Zhi-Ling , Gao Yi-Ning , Zhang Feng-Bo ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: April 2022

The self-organized striation phenomenon in the positive column region of glow discharge plasma is a basic problem in gas discharge physics, which involves rich physics such as electron dynamics, transport process, discharge instability and nonlinear phenomenon. It is an important topic in basic physics and practical application. In this work an argon glow discharge striation plasma at high pressure is reported. The electrical, optical and ionization wave propagation characteristics of the striation plasma, and the evolution of the striation plasma with pressure and impurity gas are investigated experimentally. The generation and quenching mechanism of argon striation plasma are analyzed. The results show that the striation length is about 1.5 mm, and decreases with pressure increasing, and the velocity and frequency of the ionization wave are estimated at 1.87 m/s and 1.25 kHz, respectively. The measurement of optical emission spectrum shows that the generation of striation plasma is probably related to the argon metastable atoms. The stepwise ionization process caused by metastable atoms triggers off an ionization instability. The instability propagates in the form of ionization wave, which leads the plasma parameters to be modulated longitudinally, thus, forming an alternating bright and dark striation plasma. The adding of nitrogen can effectively quench metastable argon atoms and change the electron energy distribution function, which destroys the instability conditions of the plasma, therefore, the striation plasma disappears. This work provides a new insight into the understanding of the formation and annihilation mechanism of glow discharge striation plasma at high pressure.
Construction strategy of quantum air communication network of imitation goose swarm array
Authors: Yao Ming-Hui , Nie Min , Yang Guang , Zhang Mei-Ling , Sun Ai-Jing , Pei Chang-Xing ,   School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunication, Xi’an 710121, China,   State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xi’an University of Electronic Science and Technology, Xi’an 710071, China
Published: April 2022

Quantum satellite communication is a research hotspot in the field of quantum communication, which has the characteristics of wide coverage, high communication efficiency and strong security. The construction strategy of the quantum communication network is an essential part of quantum communication. However, the construction strategy of quantum air communication network has not been studied yet so far. In this paper, according to the characteristics of flying goose array and principle of bionics, a simulated wild goose group Λ quantum air communication network topology is proposed, which can be divided into single-head node Λ type and multi-head node Λ type. Based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state particles, a certifiable QSDC inter-network communication system and a GHZ-EPR quantum teleportation communication system are established. The bit error rate, energy consumption, throughput, and other parameters are studied. After theoretical analysis and experimental measurement, for the single-head node Λ network structure in the environment where the average power spectral density of noise is 2 dB/m, when the communication distance between the head node and the child node is less than 400 m, the bit error rate is less than 0.094; if the communication distance increases from 400 m to 1000 m, the bit error rate increases rapidly, reaching 0.585; when the number of child nodes on one side increases from 2 to 7, the throughput decreases from 110.6 kb/s to 46.45 kb/s. For example, when the total number of nodes is 21, the single-head node Λ network structure saves 32.6% energy but reduces the throughput to 23.9 kb/s. By comparison, the multi-head node Λ network structure with 21 nodes saves 29.3% energy and achieves throughput of 163.4 kb/s. The above studies show that the quantum air network with the structure of imitation goose group array has good network scalability, excellent information security and flexible network structure.
Steady-state micro-bunching accelerator light source
Authors: Tang Chuan-Xiang , Deng Xiu-Jie ,   Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: April 2022

Based on the laser manipulation of electron beam, the steady-state micro-bunching (SSMB) mechanism promises an electron bunch length six orders of magnitude smaller than that in a conventional storage ring. With the combination of the strong coherent characteristic of the radiation from micro-bunching and the high repetition rate of a storage ring, high-average-power, narrow-band coherent radiation with wavelengths ranging from THz to soft X-ray can be expected from an SSMB ring. Such a novel light source can provide unprecedented opportunities for accelerator photon science and industry applications like extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. In this paper, the SSMB concept and its potential, the progress of SSMB proof-of-principle experiment, the key physics issues and technical challenges of an SSMB ring, the Tsinghua SSMB-EUV light source and its potential revolutionary influence on scientific research and EUV lithography are all reviewed. Some important results of the SSMB research achieved by us are also presented.
On the equation f(n^2 − Dnm + m^2) = f^2(n) − Df(n)f(m) + f^2(m)
Authors:   Department of Computer Algebra, University of Eötvös Loránd, Phong B. M. , Szeidl R. B. ,   Department of Computer Algebra, University of Eötvös Loránd
Published: April 2022

We give all solutions $f:\Bbb N \to \Bbb C$ of the functional equation $$f(n^2-Dnm+m^2)=f^2(n)-Df(n)f(m)+f^2(m),$$ where $D\in\{1,2\}$.
Stress coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sierakowska Matylda , Doroszkiewicz Halina
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The risk of getting SARS-CoV-2 infection, worries about exposing loved ones, anxiety and frustration, emotional and physical exhaustion, burn out, a feeling of being overwhelmed, and struggles and challenges with parenting are a few among many factors that affect nurses’ personal lives and professional functioning. The aim of the research is to assess nurses’ level of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and their sense of self-efficacy, and to learn what coping strategies they use.

Methodology/Methods

The study was carried out online and based on the diagnostic poll method, using an original survey questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES 10–40), the Mini-COPE questionnaire (0–3), and the Perceived Stress Scale PSS-10 (0–40). The respondent group was made up of nurses (n = 220) who provide health services in inpatient and outpatient health care institutions in the northeastern region of Poland. The statistical analysis was performed using the STATISTICA 13.0 package (StatSoft). The distribution of variables was checked with Shapiro-Wilk tests. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare two independent samples, while the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare more samples. The adopted statistical significance level was p < 0.05. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to determine which factors were related to the level of stress.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 43.3 years. The vast majority were women (96.4). The mean work experience of the nurses was over 20 years (58.2%). A total of 62.3% worked directly with patients in hospitals, including 11.8% respondents working at COVID-19 units and 37.7% working at primary care institutions. The analyses show that the respondents represented a high level of stress (PSS-10 – 20.9), related to their work experience as a nurse (β −0.250, p = 0.014), the number of hours worked a month (β 0.156, p = 0.015), and self-assessed health status (β −0.145, p = 0.037). They declared an average sense of self-efficacy (GSES – 29.1), which significantly depended on the nurses’ places of employment (p = 0.044). Out of stress coping strategies (Mini-COPE), the younger nurses mentioned venting (p = 0.010), instrumental support (p = 0.011), sense of humour (p = 0.013) and self-blame (0.031). Practice nurses also chose the strategy of behavioral disengagement (p = 0.032), and nurse managers chose the strategy of planning (p = 0.018).

Conclusions

The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need to implement some strategies to protect nurses’ mental health and to take extensive prevention measures in critical situations. Special attention should be given to nurses who are younger and have shorter work experience. It is also important to monitor nurses’ working time and health status, and those who work at outpatient health care institutions should be given more support and information.
Root transcriptome of Allium mongolicum Regel under drought stress conditions
Authors: Tang Ning , Chen Quan-Zhan , Yang Ping , Wang Li-Ke , Zhang Bian-Jiang
Published: May 2022

Allium mongolicum Regel is a desert plant that shows great resistance to wind erosion, drought, and low temperatures and is widely distributed in the desert lands of China. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying its drought resistance is essential for uncovering drought resistance genes and improving its beneficial traits. Here, a de novo RNA-Seq assembly analysis was conducted using the roots of 1-month-old seedlings under drought stress. Using pairwise comparisons of untreated plants (CK), 48-hour drought plants (G48h), and 96- hour drought plants (G96h), in total, 2,211 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) were obtained. Furthermore, using functional annotation, these DEGs were mainly involved in the plasma membrane, photosynthesis, and secondary carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, genes involved in the ABA-mediated signaling pathway and secondary metabolism were upregulated in the roots. These results suggest that desert plants may use signaling and secondary metabolic pathways as adaptive responses to drought stress. Collectively, this work could help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of A. mongolicum Regel to respond to drought stress and aid in the selection of novel drought tolerance genes.
Information and Communication Technologies for Marketing of Horticultural Crops in India
Authors: Anoop R. L. , Kameswari V. L. V.
Published: April 2022

In most developing countries, including India, agriculture is moving away from traditional self sufficiency goals (subsistence) to commercialization. In this changing scenario, an efficient marketing system is central to future growth of the sector. Horticultural crops are highly vulnerable to market fluctuations. Problems due to perishable nature of the crop are compounded by lack of storage facilities, weak infrastructure, and poor transport. This often leads to market glut and distress sale at low paying outlets. In the context of developing countries, it has been suggested that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can play a significant positive role by improving arbitrage and reducing information asymmetries. The Market Information Centre (MIC) in Kerala was established to provide vital market information to the state’s fruit and vegetable cultivators. This paper describes the use of price information provided by MIC to banana cultivators for making market transactions. The study was conducted in Wayanad district of Kerala, India. Data was collected using structured schedule and in depth interviews. Information on price realized by the farmers was collected from both users and non users of information provided by MIC centres.
Pycnodysostose Associated with Stridor: Case Report
Authors: Mebrouk Nadia , Abilkassem Rachid , Agadr Aomar
Published: April 2022

Pycnodysostosis is a rare genetic disease, caused by a mutation of the cathepsin K gene which is involved in bone renewal. It is associated with dwarfism and bone fragility, but the association with a stridor is exceptional. We report the case of a child treated for stridor with sleep apnea syndrome confirmed by sleep recording. His clinical examination showed stridor with laryngomalacia, the characteristic dysmorphism of pycnodysostosis and failure to thrive. The patient was put under non-invasive ventilation during evenings, and underwent ablation of adenoids, which resulted in a stable blood oxygen saturation. A surgery to lengthen the patient’s mandibular is being considered, depending on her evolution. Practitioners should overlook this rare disease when faced with atypical stridor associated with high obstruction, failure to thrive and dysmorphism.
Revisit the Hydrogen Molecular Ion
Authors: Xu Wei-Xing
Published: April 2022

In this paper we demonstrate how the concept of electron orbital compressing factor works in quantum calculation. By the quantum calculation of hydrogen molecular ion, the compressing factor method proposed in our previous work indeed reveal the true movement state of electron in atom/molecule. Based on the result we obtained in this work, the advantage/disadvantage among the different strategies in quantum calculation is discussed.
Screening for the Probiotic Activities of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Traditional Poultry in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kéhi Tanguy B. , N’guessan Florent K. , Sika-Kadji Emmanuelle A. , Koffi-Nevry Rose A.
Published: April 2022

In the view to overcome the problem of antibiotic multi-resistance of pathogens encountered in poultry farming, the most appropriate strategy was suggested to be the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the probiotic properties of LAB isolated from gastrointestinal tract of Ivorian traditional chickens for potential application as probiotic in broiler production. So, after a preliminary screening for pH 2.0 tolerance, the probiotic characters like tolerance to bile salt, hydrophobicity, auto and co-aggregation properties, antimicrobial activity and antibiotic susceptibility were evaluated. The results showed that amongst the 90 LAB investigated, a total of 15 isolates were able to grow after 90 min exposed to pH 2.0. The resistance of these 15 isolates to 0.3% bile salt was more than 50%. A test of their adhesion ability to host epithelial cells using cell surface hydrophobicity produced a range of 50.25% to 92.57%. The isolates had weak auto-aggregation ability and high coaggregation with the pathogens Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli. They had wide spectrum inhibitory activity against challenging zoonotic and foodborne pathogens. Furthermore, all the five selected strains showed resistance to Colistin while 60-80% resistance was demonstrated against Oxacillin, Gentamicin and Kanamycin. Based on above characteristics, the LAB strains Pediococcus acidilactici JK148 and Lactobacillus pentosus JK151 which showed excellent probiotic potentials were selected as chicken probiotic candidates.
4D Ultrasound of Fetal Facial Expressions in Low and High-Risk Pregnancies as an Indicator of Fetal Neuro-Behavior in Last Trimester
Authors: Soliman Eman Mohamed , Saleh Rasha Ali , Elsaed Haytham Haroun , Elmaboud Noha Mohamed Abd
Published: April 2022

Background: The advancement of four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound allows for not only greater observation of foetal anatomy but also real-time analysis of foetal behaviour. The goal of this study was to use 4D ultrasonography of foetal facial expressions in the last trimester to assess foetal neuro-behavior in low and high-risk pregnancies.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 50 pregnant females at their last trimester with high-risk pregnancies and with intrauterine growth restriction. Pregnant females were divided into two equal groups, one was pregnant females with low-risk pregnancy and the other group was pregnant females with high-risk pregnancy. All patients were subjected to full history taking and 2D and 4D ultrasound examination.

Results: Cranial sutures and head circumference, post-partum follow up and total KANET score were significantly different between two groups (P<0.001). Post-partum follow-up and total KANET score of high-risk subgroups were significantly different (P<0.001).

Conclusions: 4D ultrasound is considered now a great tool to evaluate foetal neuro-behaviour in low and high-risk pregnancies and to predict the neurological outcomes through foetal facial expressions in the last trimester.
Recent Advances of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation of Recurrent Perianal Fistula
Authors: Hamada Lubna Abd Elaziz , Dawoud Mohammed Mahmoud , Abdallah Hamdy Sedqy , Hefeda Mohamed Mohamed
Published: April 2022

Background: Evaluation of recurrent perianal fistulae can be challenging; knowledge of relevant pelvic anatomy and fistula classification remains crucial in the diagnosis of recurrent perianal fistula. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been shown to demonstrate accurately the anatomy of the perianal region. In addition to showing the anal–sphincter mechanism, MRI clearly showed the relationship of fistulae to the pelvic diaphragm and the ischiorectal fossae, especially for patients with complex and recurrent fistulae.

Objective: The aim of this study is to discuss the usefulness of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging with contrast and/or local gel or saline injection in evaluation of recurrent perianal fistula.

Methods: This prospective study included 30 symptomatic cases with suspected recurrent perianal fistula referred to Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging Department at Tanta University Hospitals through period extending from May 2017 to December 2019. MRI had been done for all selected patients. Perianal fistulas were classified according to the St James’s University Hospital classification.

Results: Contrast enhanced MRI and local gel or saline injection showed 93.3% accuracy in detecting grade I, grade II and 100% accuracy with grade III, grade IV fistulae, ischeoanal abscesses and fibrotic tracts.

Conclusion: Contrast enhanced MRI with local gel or saline injection in selective cases with external oozing opening is a very useful procedure for successful management of recurrent peri-anal fistula by correct assessment of the extent of fisulae, relationship to sphincter complex, detection of secondary tracts and abscesses, aiming to reduce complications and recurrences.
Knowledge and Practices of Oral Health Status among Pregnant Women Attending Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro
Authors: Balouch Ifat , Jahan Erum , Kandhro Rehmatullah , Bhutto Zubeda , Bibi Batool , Akhtiar Reema , Shams Salman
Published: April 2022

Background: Pregnant women's oral health behaviors and attitudes are infrequently studied in low-income countries, but they should be taken into account when developing preventive or therapeutic research to lessen the load of oral illnesses.

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practices of oral health in pregnant women attending Oral diagnosis outpatient department OPD of Liaquat university hospital Jamshoro.

Subject and Methods: A total of 150 patients were included in the study. Data was collected by providing questionnaire to pregnant women who attended OPD for their antenatal check up. Socidemographic findings, questions related to participant’s knowledge regarding oral health and practices adopted were recorded.

Results: Most of the patients, 49.3% were in age range of 26 to 35 years with the majority of them being housewives. A total of 48% were illiterate followed by 24.6% who had only just primary education. Around 51.3% have the good habit of brushing twice a day. Only 37.3% had knowledge about nutritional implications in pregnancy, and 34% visit dentist once in six months.

Conclusion: The majority of patients has little or average knowledge regarding oral health in pregnancy.
Contemporary Technologies in Chronopharmaceutic Drug Delivery System
Authors: James Apollo , Palanisamy Mohanraj , Radhakrishnan Arun , Khanam Jasmina
Published: April 2022

Traditional drug delivery methods aimed for a consistent or sustained medication output to maximize treatment efficacy while minimizing side effects. These dosage forms release medications in a controlled or varied manner. Illnesses are treated by administering drugs to patients in a variety of traditional dose patterns. All these dosage patterns should always be administered monotonously for retaining the drug concentration in a therapeutically effective spectrum. Chronotherapeutics, a type of drug delivery system, has become increasingly important in the treatment of chronic diseases in recent years. Today's environment necessitates chronopharmaceutical formulations that increase patient compliance, optimize medicine distribution at the target site, and minimize side effects to reduce mortality rates. A mechanism in which a medicament has been distributed rapidly after a specified lag interval or time gap in compliance with the circadian rhythm of sickness conditions is known as pulsative drug release. Pulsatile medication delivery is becoming more prevalent these days. The main benefit of this method of the medication delivery system is that the substance is only aired when it is required. Because of this, the risk of developing drug resistance, which is common in both preparations for both conventional and sustained release, is minimized. In addition, certain anticancer medications are quite hazardous. In both traditional and sustained release therapy, these medicines cause serious complications. There are now a plethora of FDA-approved chronotherapeutic medications on the market. This treatment is most useful when a long-term effect is just not necessary and medications are harmful. The most important aspect of this formulation's development is determining the circadian rhythm or an appropriate criterion that would set off the drug's release.
Instrumentos de Dilemas Morais Utilizados para Avaliar Julgamento Moral: Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Ponzoni Aline , Souza Giovana G. , Sampaio Lucas R. , Argimon Irani Iracema L,
Published: April 2022

Morality is an essential element of the human being, who, on many occasions, needs to face complex and stressful decisions. Techniques with moral dilemmas are considered a standard methodology in moral judgment studies. One of the traditional dilemmas is the “Trolley Problem”; using it as a model, sets of moral dilemmas were developed and adapted to diff erent research objectives, but there is no consensus regarding its psychometric properties. Similarly, assessment instruments with moral dilemmas have been developed: the Moral Judgment Interview and the Moral Competence Test are some of the best known. The aim of this study was to investigate the assessment instruments with moral dilemmas, used to assess moral judgment, in surveys conducted between 2010 and 2020, period with a signifi cant increase in publications on this topic. For this, a systematic review of literature was carried out using the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycInfo databases, following the PRISMA protocol. 354 studies were found, of which 8 were selected, containing the following instruments: Moral Competence Test (MCT), Moral Judgment Test (MJT), Moral Sense Test (MST), Moral Thinking and Communication (MTC) and Moral Judgments of Sport Managers Instrument (MJSMI). It is also important to consider that 90 of the excluded studies contained varied sets of dilemmas. In conclusion, in this analysis, few studies using assessment instruments were found and the predominant use was of sets adapted to the objectives of each research.
Porous Polymers as Universal Reversal Agents for Heparin Anticoagulants through an Inclusion–Sequestration Mechanism
Authors: Lin Furong , Yu Shang‐Bo , Liu Yue‐Yang , Liu Chuan‐Zhi , Lu Shuai , Cao Jin , Qi Qiao‐Yan , Zhou Wei , Li Xiaopeng , Liu Yi , Tian Jia , Li Zhan‐Ting
Published: May 2022

Heparins are widely used anticoagulants for surgical procedures and extracorporeal therapies. However, all of them have bleeding risks. Protamine sulfate, the only clinically approved antidote for unfractionated heparin (UFH), has adverse effects. Moreover, protamine can only partially neutralize low‐molecular‐weight heparins (LMWHs) and is not effective for fondaparinux. Here, an inclusion–sequestration strategy for efficient neutralization of heparin anticoagulants by cationic porous supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) and porous organic polymers (POPs) is reported. Isothermal titration calorimetric and fluorescence experiments show strong binding affinities of these porous polymers toward heparins, whereas dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analysis confirm that the heparin sequences are adsorbed into the interior of the porous hosts. Activated partial thromboplastin time, anti‐FXa, and thromboelastography assays indicate that their neutralization efficacies are higher than or as high as that of protamine for UFH and generally superior to protamine for LMWHs and fondaparinux, which is further confirmed by tail‐transection model in mice and ex vivo aPTT or anti‐FXa analysis in rats. Acute toxicity evaluations reveal that one of the SOFs displays outstanding biocompatibility. This work suggests that porous polymers can supply safe and rapid reversal of clinically used heparins, as protamine surrogates, providing an improved approach for their neutralization.
Magnetic Doping Induced Strong Circularly Polarized Light Emission and Detection in 2D Layered Halide Perovskite
Authors: Liu Ying , Jiang Ying , Xu Zheyuan , Li Lihui , Zhang Danliang , Zheng Weihao , Liang Delang , Zheng Biyuan , Liu Huawei , Sun Xingxia , Zhu Chenguang , Lin Lu , Zhu Xiaoli , Duan Huigao , Yuan Quan , Wang Xiao , Wang Shuangyin , Li Dong , Pan Anlian
Published: May 2022

The generation, manipulation, and detection of polarized light are the foundations of spin optoelectronics. Polarized light has a wide range of applications in new‐generation information transmission, storage, and quantum communications. Hybrid organic–inorganic halide perovskites have attracted extensive attention recently because of their strong spin–orbit coupling, Rashba splitting, spin‐dependent optical selection, and have been regarded as promising candidates for application in spin optoelectronic devices. Herein, the authors report the successful synthesis of 2D layered lead halide perovskites (PEA)2PbI4 (PEI) doped with magnetic metal Co2+ and the observation of strong circularly polarized photoluminescence and photoresponse. The introduction of magnetic metals in perovskites can induce an analogous Zeeman effect in the system, which can increase its energy degeneracy, giving rise to an imbalanced population of electronic spin states, thereby enhancing the spin polarization in doped samples. Thus, a maximum circularly polarized PL of 35% is observed at room temperature. Moreover, the achieved Co2+‐doped (PEA)2PbI4 also exhibits a selective photoresponse with circularly polarized light (CPL) emission, and an outstanding anisotropy factor of 0.41 for photocurrent is achieved. The experimental results lay the foundation for the controlled synthesis of magnetically doped perovskites as well as applications for direct CPL detection in spin optoelectronics.
Formation of van der Waals Stacked p–n Homojunction Optoelectronic Device of Multilayered ReSe2 by Cr Doping
Authors: Rosyadi Adzilah Shahna , Chan Alvin Hsien‐Yi , Li Jia‐Xin , Liu Chang‐Hua , Ho Ching‐Hwa
Published: May 2022

The formation of p‐ or n‐type material via impurity doping should be crucial and essentially prior to the establishment of junction devices in semiconductor processing. Especially in a 2D transition‐metal dichalcogenide (TMD), dopant selection for growing p‐ and n‐type TMD semiconductors may suffer much higher difficulty and complexity than conventional Si and III–V compounds owing to the complicated valences occurred in transition metals. Different amount of chromium doped in ReSe2 interestingly showing dissimilar carrier types of p‐ReSe2 with Cr 10% and 20% doping and n‐ReSe2 with Cr 0%, 1%, and 5% doping, respectively, is presented here. According to structural and optical characterization, the crystal structure and bandgap of the Cr‐doped ReSe2 remain unchanged in which a deeper donor of Cr6+ can exist in n‐ReSe2 (1% and 5%) while a shallow acceptor of Cr3+ may appear in p‐ReSe2 multilayer (10% and 20%). A p–n homojunction light‐emitting diode made by stacking multilayered n‐ReSe2 (Cr 0%) and p‐ReSe2 (Cr 20%) is first fabricated, and it emits an electroluminescence of ≈946 nm from the band edge. Another p–n homojunction solar cell is also manufactured to exhibit a maximum axial conversion efficiency of η ≈ 1.05% along with the b‐axis polarization of ReSe2.
Bandgap Engineering in Novel Fluorite‐Type Rare Earth High‐Entropy Oxides (RE‐HEOs) with Computational and Experimental Validation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Applications
Authors: Nundy Srijita , Tatar Dalibor , Kojčinović Jelena , Ullah Habib , Ghosh Aritra , Mallick Tapas K. , Meinusch Rafael , Smarsly Bernd M. , Tahir Asif Ali , Djerdj Igor
Published: May 2022

Five different rare‐earth‐based nanocrystalline high entropy oxides (HEOs) with fluorite structure and average crystallite sizes between 6 and 8 nm are prepared and their photocatalytic behavior toward azo dye degradation and photoelectrochemical water splitting for hydrogen generation is examined. The cationic site in the fluorite lattice consists of five equimolar elements selected from the group of rare‐earth elements including La, Ce, Pr, Eu, and Gd and second‐row transition metals, Y and Zr. The studied HEOs exhibit bandgaps in the range from 1.91 to 3.0 eV and appropriate valence and conduction bands for water splitting. They reveal high photocatalytic activity that is mostly attributed to the accessibility of more photocatalytic active sites, which provide radicals responsible for the azo dye degradation. The materials successfully produce hydrogen by photocatalytic water splitting, suggesting the potential of HEOs as new photocatalysts. The photocatalytic performances of all studied HEOs outperform the single fluorite oxides or equivalent mixed oxides. The Ce0.2Zr0.2La0.2Pr0.2Y0.2O2 (CZLPY) engender hydrogen in 9.2 µmol mg−1 per hour that is much higher content than for pristine CeO2 material which amounts to 0.8 µmol mg−1 per hour.