bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinary collaboration: addressing global challenges through innovative learning strategies
Authors: Nugraha Restu Adi , Budimansyah Dasim , Ruyadi Yadi , Nurdin Encep Syarif , Hidayat Mufid
Published: September 2024

In this era of globalization, students in Indonesia face increasingly complex challenges in understanding, addressing, and contributing to global issues. However, the existing curriculum often fails to provide adequate perspectives and skills to tackle these global problems. Therefore, this research aims to provide students with a holistic, practical, and relevant learning experience to address global challenges through a Team-Based Project strategy that integrates compulsory courses in higher education with a global citizenship education approach. Cross-curricular collaboration helps students see the interconnectedness of various disciplines, which is essential in addressing complex global issues. Survey results indicate a variation of views among student groups regarding their understanding of global issues. This innovative learning strategy utilizes principles of behaviorist theory, such as stimulus-response, positive reinforcement, and social interaction, to create an engaging, relevant, and responsive learning environment tailored to students' needs. Through involvement in joint projects focused on global issues, students are stimulated to contribute and take concrete actions in seeking solutions and bringing about positive change on a larger scale. Thus, this learning strategy is expected to enhance students' understanding, skills, and commitment to addressing global challenges in the contemporary era.
Teacher retention in crisis: Informing policy to keep Ghanaian educators in classrooms
Authors: Gorni Richard Lionel , Nurdin Diding , Permana Johar , Satori Djaman
Published: September 2024

Ghana's schools face a severe teacher retention crisis, with only 36 percent of teachers in a district survey planning to stay in their roles. Researchers conducted a comprehensive survey of 138 teachers to investigate their reasons for wanting to leave the profession. Common themes emerged, including low pay, poor working conditions, and overwhelming workloads. Additionally, concerns about teacher well-being and the declining status of the teaching profession were highlighted as significant issues. The study sought to identify strategies to keep teachers engaged, employing a theory about employee turnover to guide the analysis. Researchers carefully examined the survey responses and pinpointed key strategies to address the crisis. These included reducing teacher workloads, improving working conditions, and enhancing the prestige and status of the teaching profession. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers seeking effective solutions to Ghana's teacher retention problems. The findings underscore the urgent need to address the factors driving teachers away and implement strategies to maintain a stable, motivated, and highly skilled teaching workforce, which is crucial for advancing Ghana's educational system. AbstrakSekolah-sekolah di Ghana sedang menghadapi krisis retensi guru yang parah, dengan hanya 36 persen guru dalam survei distrik yang berencana untuk tetap menjabat. Peneliti melakukan survei komprehensif terhadap 138 guru untuk mendalami alasan mereka ingin meninggalkan profesinya. Tema-tema umum muncul, termasuk gaji rendah, kondisi kerja yang buruk, dan beban kerja yang sangat berat. Selain itu, kekhawatiran mengenai kesejahteraan guru dan menurunnya status profesi guru juga disoroti sebagai permasalahan yang signifikan. Studi ini berusaha mengidentifikasi strategi untuk menjaga keterlibatan guru, dengan menggunakan teori tentang pergantian karyawan untuk memandu analisis. Melalui pemeriksaan yang cermat terhadap respons survei, para peneliti menunjukkan strategi utama untuk mengatasi krisis ini. Hal ini termasuk mengurangi beban kerja guru, memperbaiki kondisi kerja, dan meningkatkan prestise dan status profesi guru. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga bagi para pembuat kebijakan yang mencari solusi efektif terhadap masalah retensi guru di Ghana. Temuan-temuan ini menggarisbawahi kebutuhan mendesak untuk mengatasi faktor-faktor yang mendorong guru menjauh dan menerapkan strategi yang dapat mempertahankan tenaga pengajar yang stabil, termotivasi, dan berketerampilan tinggi, yang sangat penting bagi kemajuan sistem pendidikan Ghana.Kata Kunci: pergantian karyawan; pengurangan guru; retensi guru
IMPLEMENTATION OF LITERACY CULTURE IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS TO INCREASE STUDENTS' LEARNING MOTIVATION
Authors: Sumarni Ai
Published: September 2024

This research aims to describe how literacy culture is implemented in vocational schools to increase student learning motivation. The research method uses participatory observation, where researchers directly observe daily activities in vocational schools related to the implementation of literacy culture. Respondents consisted of three teachers and 90 students from Computer Network and Telecommunications Engineering (TJKT) at SMKN 1 Gunungguruh Sukabumi. The research results show that by using a classical and independent approach, the school creates a learning environment that supports the development of students' literacy skills. The classical approach involves teachers in direct teaching and intensive guidance on reading, writing and text analysis techniques, while the independent approach provides opportunities for students for independent exploration in reading and writing. This combination not only improves students' literacy skills but also stimulates their creativity and increases motivation towards the learning process.
Comparison Of Postpartum Hemoglobin Decrease Levels In Patients Who Had Normal Vaginal Delivery Versus Cesarean Section
Authors: Senturk Senol , Kağıtcı Mehmet , Doğan Polat Sibel , Ayazoğlu İlknur Merve , Kuruca Nalan , Yılmaz Bülent
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Cesarean section is an operation that carries a higher risk compared to normal vaginal delivery in terms of bleeding. In this study, we aimed to compare hemoglobin decreases in pregnant women who had normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section.
Material and methods: In this study, pregnant women who had normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section between 01.01.2021 and 30.06.2022 in a university hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The pregnant women included in the study were standardized as those between the ages of 18-45, who did not have any systemic disease, and who gave birth to a baby between 2000-4000 gr at 37-41 weeks of gestation. The patients included in the study were divided into two groups as those who had normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section, and those who delivered by cesarean section were divided into two groups as primary cesarean section and previous cesarean section, and the decreases in hemoglobin levels taken before and at the 6th hour after delivery were statistically evaluated.
Results: It was determined that 199 of the 473 pregnant women included in the study had normal delivery and 274 had a cesarean section (119 had a previous cesarean section and 155 had a primary cesarean section). Among the pregnant women included in the study, the mean postpartum Hb decrease was 0.73 ± 0.90 g/dl in the pregnant women who had normal delivery, and 1.41 ± 0.93 g/dl in those who delivered by cesarean section, the difference was found to be statistically significant (p=0.000). The mean postpartum Hb decrease in those who underwent cesarean section with a previous cesarean indication was 1.30 ± 0.73 g/dl, and 1.49 ±0.9 g/dl in primary cesarean sections, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.045).
Conclusion: With these results determined in accordance with the literature, it would be appropriate to take the necessary precautions by taking these findings into account when making a cesarean section decision.
Astenopi Şikayeti İle Gelen Emetropik Genç Popülasyonda + 0.50 Diyoptri Gözlük Verilmesinin Astenopik Şikayetlerin Düzeltilmesine Etkisi
Authors: Bilgin Burak , Güler Mete , Bulut Mübeccel
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, astenopik şikayetleri olan fakat herhangi bir refraksiyon kusuru ya da astenopiye yol açabilecek organik bir bozukluğu olmayan, emetropik ve genç popülasyonda düşük güçte artı (plus) sferik camların bu şikayetler üzerine olan etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.
Gereçler ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 42 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara 9 soruluk bir anket uygulandı. Uygulanan ankette, hastaların başvuru anında yakındıkları kaşıntı, sulanma, yabancı cisim hissi, kızarıklık, kuruluk hissi, harfleri çift görme, sayfayı bulanık görme ve baş ağrısı şikayetlerini ‘0’ ile ‘3’ arasında skorlamaları istendi (‘0’ hiç şikayet yok, ‘3’çok belirgin şikayeti var). Anketteki sorular astenopide en sık görülen oftalmik semptomları içerecek şekilde hazırlandı. Bu şikayetlerden yakınan hastalara +0.50 diyoptri gücünde, sferik camlı gözlük reçete edildi. Olgulara bu gözlükleri sadece yakın uğraşlar ile meşgul olurken takmaları önerildi. Bir aylık düzenli gözlük kullanımının ardından kontrol muayenesinde, aynı sorulardan oluşan anket hastalara tekrar uygulandı. Hastaların aynı 9 soruya verdikleri yeni skorlar kaydedildi. Hastaların ilk anket sorularına verdikleri skorlar ile son anket sorularına verdikleri skorlar arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Bir aylık süre boyunca +0.50 diyoptri gücünde, sferik camlı gözlük kullanımı sonrasında hastaların ankette yer alan 9 şikayete verdikleri skor ortalamalarının hepsinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde bir azalma görüldü.
Sonuç: Astenopik şikayetler tarifleyen hastalarda, düşük güçte artı sferik camların reçete edilmesi, bu yakınmaları gidermek açısından faydalı olabilir.
The Relationship Between the Budget Allocated to Health and the Density of Health Workers and Communicable Diseases in the Context of Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Kurt Burak , Koçak Cemal
Published: September 2024

Objective: The United Nations has set 17 goals under the title of "Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)", and aimed to end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, and combat hepatitis. Healthcare budgets and the number of health workers play an important role in preventing and treating these diseases. We aimed to examine the relationship between the budget allocated to health services (indicator SDG 1. a) the number of health workers per population (indicator SDG 3. c) and the prevalence of HIV, tuberculosis, and hepatitis B (indicator SDG 3.3).
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. SDG indicator data were obtained from WHO's World Health Statistics 2022 report. Data from 194 countries were included. The relationships between SDG indicators were evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis and p<0.05 was accepted as statistical significance value.
Results: SDG 1. a and SDG 3. c indicators had a moderate negative correlation with New HIV infections and a strong negative correlation with Tuberculosis incidence and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence under 5 years. Most of the countries with the worst indicators were in the African region.
Conclusion: Raising the level of welfare, the budget allocated to health, and the number of health professionals to an adequate level should be among the main tasks of all governments.
Protection of soybean by orange peel extract and its nanocapsules against ethyl methanesulfonate damages
Authors: Ramadan Khaled , Nader Souhail , Mokrani Loubna
Published: September 2024

Citrus fruits are one of the most important sources of phenolic substances, known as antioxidants and protector agents against ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Orange peels were used to extract bioactive compounds such as phenols, in addition to evaluate antioxidant activity of the extracts. Soybean plant was used to study the effect of several concentrations (0.01, 0.1 and 1%) of orange peel water extract as protector material to which EMS (0.7%) was added, as well as nanoencapsulated extract at 0.1%. Several parameters were measured to evaluate the effect of these concentrations on soybean as germination rate, plant height, number of leaves, leaves characteristics, total number of flowers after 40 days from germination, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod and weight of 100 seeds. The results showed that 1% of orange peel water extract had the highest protective effect, however no positive effect was detected when it was used without EMS. Using 0.01% of orange peels extract was indeed advantageous for plant growth. On the other hand, pectin-calcium nanoencapsulated extract at 0.1% showed better effectiveness when compared to non-encapsulated extract at the same concentration. These results revealed that using plant extracts could be a promising approach to protect plants from harmful substances existing in some mediums (tissue culture) and environments.
Sympathy for the Devil: Serial Mediation Models for Toxicity, Community, and Retention
Authors: Liu Mingxuan , Tang Jack Lipei , Williams Dmitri
Published: September 2024

Disruptive behaviors in online gaming communities are a growing concern, affecting player experience, retention, and well-being. While previous research has primarily focused on the victims’ experiences, this study examines the psychological mechanisms underlying the attitudinal and behavioral responses to both encountering disruptive behaviors and being flagged for such behaviors, as well as the effects on retention. The study retrieved longitudinal telemetry records of player reporting and gameplay data from the North American server of a popular competitive player vs. player multiplayer online game, coupled with a psychometric survey of a randomly selected sample of 1,217 players. Based on the rejection-disidentification model, this research identifies a shared pathway for both reporting and being reported for disruptive behavior. Our findings support a serial mediation model where both experiences are linked to decreased player engagement. This reduced engagement, reflected in diminished participation in game battles over time, is mediated by perceived discrimination and a reduced sense of community. Moreover, drawing on the concept of procedural justice from the group engagement model, the study delineates unique pathways for the disengagement process for reporters and those reported. Being flagged for disruptive behavior leads to a significant drop in sustained engagement through a decreased sense of community, which is not the case for reporting disruptive behavior. The article concludes with a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
UTILIZING DEEP LEARNING AND PERSUASIVE TECHNOLOGY TO INCREASE USER TRUST IN DIGITAL PAYMENTS
Authors: Altammami Osamah A.
Published: September 2024

The paper examines the foundations of user trust in digital payments, using quantitative analysis of data from 277 participants. The study focuses on the associations between perceived security, convenience, privacy protection, and user trust in digital payments. Our findings suggest that all three attributes, safety, security, and privacy, are powerful positive correlates of trust. Furthermore, past experience with digital payments (PEDP) modifies these relationships, suggesting that the impact of these attributes on trust can have significant implications for engaged user digital payments are greatly enhanced We can use persuasive design principles and advanced deep learning to enhance user trust. The study proposes a hybrid deep learning model combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs) for enhanced feature extraction and temporal sequence analysis of user interactions and preferences within digital payment environments. This model is complemented by a hybrid optimization algorithm merging the Zebra Optimization Algorithm (ZOA) and Seagull Optimization Algorithm (SOA), aimed at refining system performance and user engagement through iterative enhancement of persuasive elements. This paper lays the groundwork for further research on other factors affecting the use of trust and cultural diversity in digital payment channels. Combining mind-blowing technologies with sophisticated deep learning techniques, it seeks to develop digital payment systems that not only secure transactions but also provide lasting user trust, satisfaction planning and implementation improvements.
A AMAMENTAÇÃO COMO INSTRUMENTO DE PREVENÇÃO DA UROLITÍASE EM CRIANÇAS MENORES DE 24 MESES
Authors: Lira de Araújo Maria Jayne , Alves de Queiroga Vilar Suyane , Rosa Martins Maria Helanne , Alves de Oliveira Késsia Karina , Maciel Pinto Millena Maria , Alves de Morais Mayone Millangela
Published: September 2024

A urolitíase é uma doença extremamente comum, conhecida popularmente como “pedras nos rins” ou “cálculo renal”. Os litos são massas duras que se formam no trato urinário e podem provocar dor, hemorragia, infecção ou bloqueio do fluxo urinário. A ocorrência desta doença vem aumentando ao longo dos anos. É uma patologia multifatorial que sofre influência de fatores com origem genética, ambiental, nutricional e ocupacional. Ocorre, principalmente, no sexo masculino, tendo seu pico de incidência na 3ª ou 4ª década de vida, sendo um problema de saúde pública devido ao alto risco de ocasionar doença renal crônica. As crianças representam um grupo de grande vulnerabilidade devido ao crescimento rápido e à imaturidade fisiológica e imunológica. Em vista disso, este estudo destina-se a investigar como o aleitamento materno interfere na litogênese urinária em crianças menores de 24 meses, descritas como lactentes. Desde o primeiro ano de vida os humanos, podem desenvolver urolitíase, que, relaciona-se com fatores não modificáveis como a genética e modificáveis, como a dieta alimentar, sendo o desmame precoce um dos indutores à formação desta patologia. Isto se justifica pela elevada permeabilidade do tubo digestivo e imaturidade do sistema renal para eliminar altas concentrações de solutos da alimentação das crianças com até vinte e quatro meses de vida. Nos artigos analisados foram encontrados maiores níveis urinários de substâncias como o fósforo em crianças cuja alimentação era acrescida de fórmula láctea, sendo o aleitamento materno exclusivo fator impeditivo da supersaturação e agregação dos cristais, reduzindo significativamente os casos de urolitíase. Ao fim, restou evidenciado que, a transferência de nutrientes, anticorpos e fatores de crescimento por meio do aleitamento materno, demonstra um efeito protetor na formação de cálculos urinários em lactentes, fortalecendo o sistema imunológico e contribuindo para um crescimento ideal.
Lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous limestones of Bjelopavlići (Montenegro): contribution to evolution and paleogeography of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform
Authors: Božović Darko , Toljić Marinko , Đaković Martin , Glavaš-Trbić Bojan , Milić Mileva
Published: September 2024

The Upper Cretaceous limestones of Bjelopavlići (Montenegro) represent a megasequence of facies reflecting a transition from shallow- to deep-water depositional environments, succeeded by re-establishing shallow-water conditions again. The studied carbonate sequences are exposed on the south-eastern edge of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform (AdCP) in central Montenegro. Based on coupled sedimentological and biostratigraphical studies, the associations of eight spatially and temporally related facies were identified. The lower part of the megasequence comprises shallow-water carbonates originating in the inner-platform area, while the middle part is composed of pelagic and allodapic limestones. Shallow-water platform limestones occupy the upper part of the megasequence. The shallow-water carbonates of Bjelopavlići show a good correlation with the shallow-water Upper Cretaceous sediments in the AdCP. Deep-water limestones of Bjelopavlići are regarded as facies correlative to the spatially distinct deep-water limestones of Brač and as temporary and spatially correlative with slope-to-basin facies derived along the north-eastern margin of the AdCP. The drowning of the platform periphery and the evolution of a deep-water basin where the pelagic and allodapic carbonates of Bjelopavlići were deposited, as well as the subsequent exhumation of the platform are predominantly attributed to tectonics. The uppermost Cretaceous dynamics of the basin were controlled by tectonic mobilization of the foreland in front of regional fold-thrust belts that developed north-eastern from the AdCP.
Qualidade de vida e sintomas de depressão: influências da COVID-19 e atividade física
Authors: Monteiro dos Santos Marcos , Rocha Costa Rochelle , Borges dos Santos Karini
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Verificar a influência do diagnóstico de Covid-19 e da prática de atividade física na qualidade de vida e nos sintomas depressivos de estudantes universitários. Metodologia: A amostra foi de 238 graduandos (22,4 ± 4,1 anos, 170,3 ± 9,4 cm e 67,4 ± 15,04 Kg). Para avaliar a QV, utilizou-se o WHOQOL-Bref, enquanto os sintomas de depressão foram avaliados pelo Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Os participantes responderam a um questionamento se já haviam ou não sido diagnosticados com a COVID-19 e se praticavam exercícios físicos regularmente. Resultados: A prática de atividade física influenciou em aumentos significativos na QV nos domínios psicológico (4,28%), ambiental (8,01%), físico (3,13%) e redução dos sintomas depressivos (2,22%). Conclusão: Ter sido acometido e ter se recuperado da covid, incitou uma supervalorização na autopercepção de aspectos físicos e sociais e que a prática de exercício físico influenciou positivamente a QV e a redução dos sintomas depressivos.
Encroachment on a Non-Existing Object or an Object Obviously Unsuitable for Implementation of Intent and the Consequences of such an Act under the Criminal Code of 1903
Authors: Skoblikov P. A.
Published: September 2024

One of the innovations of the Criminal Code of 1903 was that it provided for the possibility to consider an object that did not exist or was unsuitable for achieving the desired criminal result as a circumstance entailing the non-criminality of the act. The paper explains theoretical and practical prerequisites for this innovation. The paper analyzes the practice of the Governing Senate (the Supreme Court of the Russian Empire) regarding encroachments on an imaginary or unusable object (object) of a crime during the period of validity of the Code on Criminal and Correctional Punishments – the predecessor of the Criminal Code of 1903. The author argues that the studied judicial practice was inconsistent and it was not necessary for law enforcement officers of that time for clear and reasonable criteria on this issue. The author analyzed the ideas and intent of the drafters of the Criminal Code of 1903 regarding the circumstance in question, as well as the corresponding provision of the law. It is concluded that the ideas and judgments expressed during the development and evaluation of the relevant normative regulation may be in demand when improving the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which does not directly regulate liability for an attempt on an unusable object.
Theoretical and Legal Characteristics of Machine-Readable Law
Authors: Perevozkin A. A.
Published: September 2024

The idea of automating law and legal activity has become increasingly popular in the scientific legal environment in recent years. One of the ways of such automation is to transform legislation into a machine-readable form. This could provide the possibility of automatic application of the law, increase legal certainty, and make the law accessible to the user. The adoption in 2021 of the Concept for the Development of Machine-Readable Law Technologies became one of important steps towards the introduction of machine-readable law in Russia. It seems that for the successful development of this area, we need a comprehensive theoretical and legal understanding of a new phenomenon for the domestic legal theory, namely: machine-readable law. Using formal logical methods, the author gives a definition of machine-readable law based on the essential and necessary features of the phenomenon under consideration. The paper provides a list of mandatory and optional features of machine-readable law. Special attention is paid to the issues of algorithmization of law and the use of legal ontologies. The paper highlights the main consequences of machine-readable law relating both to the law-making stage and to the stage of using machine-readable law. Such consequences include various types of testability of machine-readable law, the possibility of automatic interpretation, enforcement and direct implementation of machine-readable legal regulations. The author provides the concept of machine-readable law in the broadest sense of the word, covering not only legal regulations, but also the content of smart contracts, machine-readable powers of attorney. The paper also deals with the issues of machine-executable law and the related transition from legal normativity to technological normativity. This work contributes to the theoretical and legal understanding of machine-readable law and can contribute to its successful development in Russia.
Municipal Entities Stimulation: The Concept and Essence
Authors: Nigmetzyanov A. A.
Published: September 2024

The paper draws attention to the lack of a holistic theory of encouraging municipal entities, which makes it difficult to develop an effective incentive policy in relation to them. The paper examines doctrinal approaches to understanding legal stimulation, and expresses the author’s position on this issue. The difficulty of creating a unified theory of legal encouragement is noted due to the presence of incentive norms in legislation with different industry affiliation. Attention is paid to incentive legal relations, which made it possible to consider municipalities as their participants. The paper describes the features of the public-incentive relationship, gives the characteristic of municipalities as a subject of public-incentive legal relations. It is noted that the object of incentive relations with the participation of municipalities is based on public relations aimed to stimulate municipalities, represented by their bodies, and the local community to effective managerial activities. For this purpose, funds are to be allocated through inter-budgetary transfers and grants. The basis for encouraging municipalities is formed by the performance indicators of their activities, expressed in quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The content of the legal structure "municipal entities stimulation" is defined as the activity of authorized entities aimed at establishing conditions and criteria for encouraging municipalities and stimulating them to effective management activities through the use of incentive measures.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in the Provision of Services: A Civilist’ s View of the Problem
Authors: Poduzova E. B.
Published: September 2024

Based on the civil law methodology, the author analyzed the concept, the legal nature, as well as the legal regime for the provision of services using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The legal regime of AI technologies used for the provision of paid services has been defined. The subject of the study includes: legal doctrine; norms of Russian legislation; norms of subordinate normative legal acts; law enforcement practice. The purpose of the study is to provide a doctrinal justification of the legal nature and legal regime of the provision of services using artificial intelligence technologies. Comparative legal, systemic and structural methods of scientific cognition, as well as the modeling method were used in the preparation of the paper. The methodological feature of this study is the combination of theoretical and empirical levels of cognition. The use of the above-mentioned set of methods made it possible to consider the issues of legal qualification and the legal regime for the provision of services using artificial intelligence technologies and artificial intelligence technologies in the light of ambiguous doctrinal and practical approaches to their solution.
Legal Barriers to the Application of the Doctrine of Substantive Consolidation in Bankruptcy Cases
Authors: Slonov D. S.
Published: September 2024

The paper examines the relationship between the principles of property isolation of a legal entity and limited liability with the institution of material consolidation in cases of bankruptcy of corporate groups. The purpose of the paper is to formulate grounds for derogation from the basic principles of corporate law in the bankruptcy of a group of companies, based on the arguments of opponents of the application of the doctrine of material consolidation. The paper concludes that for the Russian legal system, the application of the material consolidation regime is permissible only in exceptional cases. Such include cases when there is an obvious abuse of rights on the part of the debtor, controlling persons and affiliated creditors as well as free movement of assets within the business group, the transit nature of the movement of funds through the accounts of persons included in the corporate group, the complexity of intra-group relations resulting in that it is almost impossible to understand which legal entity owns the assets.
Participation of the Prosecutor’s Office in the Protection of Socio-economic Rights of Citizens in Bankruptcy Cases: the Problem of Procedural Interaction with Arbitration Courts
Authors: Dzhioev S. Kh.
Published: September 2024

The analysis of the legal basis for the participation of the prosecutor’s office in court proceedings in order to protect the most important socio-economic rights of citizens, such as labor and housing rights, in bankruptcy cases. The research focuses on the Russian and Chinese practice of procedural interaction between the prosecutor’s office and the courts in bankruptcy cases. Based on a comparative legal analysis, the author assesses the trend towards increasing the activity of the Russian prosecutor’s office to participate in arbitration proceedings as promising, but requiring regulatory legalization in order to increase the effectiveness of protecting the socio-economic rights of citizens. In order to effectively ensure legality in the field of bankruptcy, it is necessary to legislate the participation of the prosecutor in part 5 of Article 52 of the Arbitration Procedural Code of the Russian Federation for cases when bankruptcy arbitration cases affect not only housing, but also the labor rights of citizens.
Current State and Prospects for the Introduction of Digital Technologies in the Activities of Prosecutors
Authors: Evloev T. Ya.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the current state and prospects for the introduction of digital technologies into the activities of the prosecutor’s office. The main trends and challenges facing the prosecutor’s office in the field of digitalization are shown, the role of digital technologies in law enforcement is also explored, their impact on the effectiveness of prosecutors and interaction with other government agencies. The degree of legal regulation of the activities of the prosecutor’s office using digital technologies is assessed. The issues of security and protection of personal data in the context of the use of digital tools are also touched upon and the existing digital elements in the activities of the prosecutor’s office are analyzed. Examples of successful implementation of a number of existing information systems in the activities of the prosecutor’s offices of the subjects of the Russian Federation are given and foreign experience in this direction is evaluated.
Determining the attitudes of university and high school students towards sports by structural equation modelling
Authors: Yücel Ali Serdar , Korkmaz Murat , Hergüner Gülten , Yaman Çetin , Bal Fatih , Kuyucu Mihalis Michael
Published: September 2024

Sport is considered as an important service sector with its protective features for personal and public health, and developed countries regard sport as an indispensable part of their social life. The main purpose of this study is to assess factors affecting views of high school and university students towards sports. Within the scope of the study, the sample of the study is composed of 8546 students chosen with random method throughout Turkey. 5-point Likert scale consisting of 19 questions was used in order to determine views of the participants towards sports within the framework of the research. For analysing data, frequency analysis, reliability analysis and explanatory factor analysis were used in order to determine attitudes of students towards sports while structural equation model analyses were used in order to determine the relationship among the said factors regarding views towards sports. According to significance values of test statistics, all measured questions were statistically found significant for social- psychological attitude factor and physical mental attitude factor. According to the result of the model, there is a same-oriented and statistically significant relationship between social- psychological attitudes of students and their physical-mental attitudes. According to this result, when the views of students tend to be positive socially-psychologically towards sports, their physical-mental attitudes also become positive in parallel with this change. In line with the acquired result, it is necessary to demonstrate positive effects of sports on individuals socially, psychologically, physically and mentally in order to enable students to become more inclined to sports.
Lapso de coactivación paravertebral como referencia para la prevención del dolor lumbar inespecífico. Estudio piloto
Authors: Martín-Ruiz Julio , Ruiz-Sanchis Laura , Tamarit-Grancha Ignacio , Baraja-Vegas Luis , Blanco-Giménez Paula , Vicente-Mampel Juan
Published: September 2024

El dolor lumbar inespecífico, que afecta al 70% de la población, está vinculado a conductas sedentarias y presenta una desconexión entre anomalías estructurales y la experiencia dolorosa. Actualmente el ejercicio es considerado la primera línea de tratamiento, mejorando la biomecánica y la autogestión del dolor. El objetivo principal de este estudio piloto fue medir antes, y tras un programa de ejercicios, la activación de la musculatura central encargada de la estabilización global y local del tronco, empleando electromiografía de superficie en una hiperflexión de tronco. Se realizó un diseño de estudio prospectivo, cuasi-experimental, incluyendo un grupo de intervención con dos momentos de evaluación (pre-intervención y 4 semanas post-intervención). Se observó un descenso significativo del lapso de activación en todos los músculos estudiados tras la finalización del programa: CL derecho e izquierdo con carga (p= .015 y p= .0003 respectivamente) y MT derecho e izquierdo sin carga (p= .028 y p= .036 respectivamente), y una alta correlación de este valor con el descenso del dolor lumbar (rho= .07). El descenso del lapso de coactivación, como indicador de mayor y mejor respuesta muscular ante perturbaciones, podría ser una alternativa en la prevención del dolor lumbar inespecífico.
Investigation of the effects of some demographic characteristics of female athletes on emotional intelligence and life satisfaction
Authors: Yücel Ali Serdar , Korkmaz Murat , Bal Fatih , Özpınar Saliha , Yaman Çetin , Hergüner Gülten , Kuyucu Mihalis Michael
Published: September 2024

In many subjects and fields, emotional intelligence refers to the ability of individuals to understand, express and manage their own emotions and the emotions of others. Especially sport is known to have a significant effect on emotional intelligence. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effects of some demographic characteristics of female athletes on emotional intelligence and life satisfaction.  The participants were all women and analyses were performed by taking into account age groups, sports branches and education departments. Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction scales were evaluated by factor analysis and the suitability of the data was confirmed by Bartlett's test. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Anova, Kruskal Wallis and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests were used to analyse the data. All analyses were performed with SPSS v22.0. 34% of the participants were 18-21 years old, 45% were 22-25 years old and 21% were over 26 years old. 31% were interested in team sports and 69% were interested in individual sports. The fields of education are 37% coaching, 32% physical education and sports teaching, 31% sports management. According to the factor analysis results, Bartlett's test p<0.001 and KMO coefficient 0.896 were found. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged between 0.583 and 0.924. While some factors differed according to age, no difference was found according to sport branch. While evaluation of own emotions and social skills differed according to departments, other factors did not differ. Participants over 26 years of age had low scores in the use of emotions and life satisfaction factors. These findings provide important clues for developing strategies for improving emotional intelligence and increasing life satisfaction.
Impact of Ultra-widefield Imaging on Understanding the Pathophysiology of Peripheral Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Brown Kristen , Keane Dana , Turner Lauren , Peto Tunde
Published: September 2024

Ultra-widefield imaging has revolutionized the understanding of the retinal periphery in clinical practice. Since the publication of the study “Comparison of image-assisted versus traditional fundus examination,” the practice of using fundus imaging to guide retinal examination has become ubiquitous, not only by experienced doctors in practice, but in the training of new clinicians.1 Quick capture and review of micron-level views with various wavelengths allows clinicians to plan their fundus exam, focus their time on areas of suspicion and better understand the health of the entire retina more effectively and efficiently. Image-assisted ophthalmoscopy has excellent agreement for a variety of lesion types but confers an advantage in optic nerve assessment, review of small lesions in the mid and far periphery and in visualization of vitreous lesions. Increasing resolution, integration of new wavelengths, auto-montage, optical coherence tomography and artificial intelligence have improved the sensitivity of this tool - thus improving the overall efficiency of a fundus exam, improving outcomes and leading to more accurate assessment of risk. Advances in ultra-widefield imaging technology have allowed us to better understand the anatomy and physiology of the peripheral retina and its relation to sight threatening disease; making this an invaluable tool to educate our students in training as well as our patients with and without retinal pathology in the clinic. When an image or lesion of concern can be viewed simultaneously by student and instructor or by doctor and patient, the learning and understanding from this ultra-widefield perspective are invaluable. In this review, we explore the technological advances and the impact on detection, diagnosis and prognostic potential in a variety of retinal degenerations. In addition, we examine remaining challenges of the technology.
Prevalence of secondary infections, antimicrobial susceptibility and predictors for mortality among critically ill COVID 19 patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit in India
Authors: K BabySailaja , MK Renuka , Manimohan Rathish , NVSN Prasanth
Published: September 2024

Background: Critically ill COVID 19 patients requiring intensive care unit admission are at an increased risk of secondary infections owing to the need for invasive or non invasive oxygen therapy, prolonged indwelling catheters and long stay in intensive care unit. Secondary infections can further alter the clinical course and outcomes of these patients Aims: In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence, characteristics and factors associated with mortality in critically ill COVID 19 patients with secondary infections. Methods: This was a single centre retrospective cohort study of adult critically ill COVID 19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in India during one year period from May 2020 to April 2021. Results: Among the 285 patients admitted to the intensive care unit 124 patients were identified with secondary infection. Out of the 250 isolates, 72.3% were gram negative bacilli with highest number of isolates recognised from blood (n=112, 44.8%). The most common organisms identified in our cohort were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Candida species and Enterococcus faecalis. Anti-microbial resistance was detected in 58.8% (n=147) of the isolates and majority of the patients received Carbapenem and Polymyxin. Patients with secondary infections were at increased risk of developing septic shock, acute kidney injury and also experienced higher mortality (50%, P-value <0.001). In our study cohort, increasing cumulative dose of steroids [OR 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001-1.004)] and increasing length of intensive care unit stay [OR 1.071, (95% CI: 1.030-1.113)] were found to be predictive of mortality among patients with secondary infection. Conclusion: Secondary infections were high among the critically ill COVID 19 patients with high antimicrobial resistance and lead to high mortality. This being a single centre retrospective study, prospective evaluation with proper anti-microbial stewardship is needed for more precise results.
T Cell Repertoire in Lupus: Autoreactive T Cells in Central and Peripheral Selection
Authors: Kim Sun , Diamond Betty
Published: September 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an immune disorder characterized by the presence of T and B cells which drive a pathogenic autoimmune response. Autoreactive T effector cells naturally arise during the process of development in the thymus, but most are removed by several self-tolerance mechanisms. Self-antigen recognizing T cells emigrating from the thymus are normally prevented from causing cellular or tissue damage by peripheral tolerance mechanisms. While we understand much about how self-antigens are presented to T cells and the mechanisms to remove those T cells or convert them into regulatory T cells in thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs, we understand much less about the derivation of potentially pathogenic self-reactive T cells in autoimmune disease. It is not clear whether individuals with autoreactive T cell activation have an altered T cell receptor repertoire of naïve T cells that have matured to immunocompetence as effector cells or whether the pathogenic process involves altered activation of immunocompetent T cells in the periphery. There is increasing evidence that the autoantibodies that characterize SLE result from an interaction of B cells with self-reactive T cells. Here we summarize the evidence for autoreactive T cells in both lupus mouse models and in patients with SLE and discuss the evidence for either altered T cell selection or altered T cell activation in SLE, which has implications for both pathogenesis and treatment
Co-occurring trauma- and stressor-related and substance-related disorders in youth: A narrative review
Authors: Hinckley Jesse , Adams Zachary , Dellucci Trey , Berkowitz Steven
Published: September 2024

Adolescence is characterized by ongoing neurodevelopment and psychosocial development, resulting in a unique window to the adverse effects of traumatic events and substance use. In addition, trauma- and stressor-related disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs) commonly co-occur in adolescents. Youth with interpersonal violence and who have experienced multiple past traumas, or poly-victimization, are at the highest risk of developing these co-occurring disorders. There is a strong bidirectional relationship between traumatic events and substance use that predisposes youth to developing post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and SUDs. PTSD and states of substance intoxication and withdrawal also exhibit overlap in symptomatology. High rates of comorbidity may be explained in part by the self-medication hypothesis, that posits that individuals use substances to temporarily alleviate trauma-related symptoms. However, this results in negative reinforcement, often with increasing patterns of substance use and worsening symptoms of hyperarousal, dysphoria, and anxiety. In addition, PTSS and substance use problems share common risk factors and neurobiologic etiology, conceptualized as the susceptibility hypothesis. Youth who experience traumatic events and/or have substance use problems access the healthcare system at multiple levels, including through acute care and crisis services. Notably, substance use in adolescence increases the likelihood of experiencing a traumatic event, and youth presenting to the emergency department for substance-related problems are at higher risk of having a PTSD. Youth presenting for mental health, behavioral, or substance-related problems should be screened for PTSS and substance use problems. Given the strong clinical overlap and bidirectional relationship, evidence-based treatment integrates management of both disorders. An interdisciplinary approach with psychotherapy, psychopharmacologic therapy, and case management is often vital to engaging and maintaining youth in treatment.
Semaglutide and Tirzepatide Use and Reduction of Cardiovascular Risks in Adults with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Baser Onur , Mohamed Munira , Samayoa Gabriela , Sarioglu Selin
Published: September 2024

Background: Obesity is a prevalent, growing health concern in the United States, affecting over 42% of adults and contributing significantly to the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recently, approved anti-obesity medications (AOMs) such as semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Zepbound) have emerged as potential interventions to reduce weight and potentially lower cardiovascular risk among individuals with obesity. Aim: To analyze the impact of AOM on cardiovascular risk among US patients with obesity. Methods: Utilizing Kythera data, we conducted a retrospective cohort study from November 2022 to June 2024. Patients with obesity and AOM use were identified based on diagnosis claims and prescription claims for tirzepatide or semaglutide (identification period: Nov. 1, 2023–Dec. 31, 2023) with 6 months of follow-up to measure CVD risk. Exclusions included patients with pre-existing CVD and prior AOM use. Cox regression and multivariable analyses adjusted for comorbidities and sociodemographic factors were employed to assess the risk of cardiovascular events, with additional analyses comparing outcomes between tirzepatide and semaglutide users. Results: We identified 22,620 patients with obesity and AOM use and 84,427 patients with obesity without AOM use. Significant differences were observed in the proportion of patients with an Elixhauser Index Score ≥2, comprising 61.97% in the AOM cohort versus 13.50% in the non-AOM cohort (standardized difference = 1.2868). The AOM cohort demonstrated significantly lower incidence of cardiovascular events (1.77%) than non-AOM users (12.17%, p<0.0001). Adjusted analyses confirmed that AOM use was associated with a substantially reduced risk of CVD (hazard ratio=0.37, p<0.0001). Differences in specific cardiovascular outcomes between tirzepatide and semaglutide users were observed, with semaglutide users showing a higher hazard of CVD than tirzepatide users (hazard ratio=1.53, p=0.0215). Conclusions: Use of AOM was associated with a significantly lower risk-adjusted likelihood of cardiovascular events than non-use, highlighting these medications as promising interventions in obesity management.