bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mondays With Mac
Authors: Dorn-Medeiros Cort M. , Christensen Jeffrey K. , Lertora Ian
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to “paint a picture of the counseling process” through rich description of how the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC) can be applied through a model and stance of cultural humility, rather than a blanket state of achieving “cultural competence” in cross-cultural counseling. The mission of this chapter to convey the critical nature of accounting for the first author's (“counselor”) positions of privilege, including positions of racial, age, socioeconomic status, and legal status privileges, over the client (“Mac”), and recognizing how cultural humility needs to be evoked within the counselor in order to apply tenants of the MSJCC as well as the counselor's interpersonal and relational-cultural approach to counseling and facilitating client growth and healing.
Rural Agriculture, Technological Innovation, Sustainable Food Production, and Consumption in Kebbi State, Nigeria, 1991-2018
Authors: Udulu Atiku Abubakar
Published: August 2019

Agriculture has been the mainstay of Nigeria's rural economy. Food production and consumption started as a routine human activity. At a later stage, government got involved through provision of new agricultural inputs, collection, and redistribution of agricultural outputs, especially the staple foods such as grains, mainly millet, corn, and rice. The chapter explores various interventions in the areas of cultivation, processing, and distribution of food in the state. Historical method of enquiry is applied in the process of collection of materials and documenting this chapter. The findings of the chapter show that the state government has some degree of control on the production and distribution of food in the state. Technology boosts output and creates employment. Food products from Kebbi State are transported to many states in Nigeria, including a collaboration with a particular state in the southern part of the country. Thus, food production and distribution in the state is contributing to the national economy.
Politics of Food Distribution
Authors: Anyanwu Charles Anozie
Published: August 2019

The chapter discusses politics of food distribution (Acts 6: 1-6) and the role of the church in Africa. The work contends that the church in Africa has not done enough in ameliorating or solving the food crisis resulting from inadequate food production and distribution systems. The purpose of the work is to explicate the politics of food distribution as represented in Acts 6:1-6 and make recommendations to the church in Africa. The methods of investigation are exegesis of the Acts of the Apostles 6: 1-6 and review of existing works. Major findings from the study suggest that politics of food distribution was caused by many factors namely: population growth, racism, ethnocentrism, and discrimination. The chapter recommends that the church should mobilize her human and material resources to enhance food production and distribution for her members and nonmembers. Policies and mechanisms to improve food distribution were suggested.
Communicating across the Generations
Authors: Stevenson Carolyn N.
Published: August 2019

Today's workplace is composed of four generational groups of employees, each with varying degrees of technological expertise, career expectations, and professional experience. As such, higher education administrators need to identify differences among generations of workers and develop a strategic plan for managing and motivating across the generations. This case study addresses the following question: “How do higher education administrators lead and motivate multi-generational employees and online students?” An understanding of the common characteristics of each generational group is the first step for developing a strategy for motivating all employees and students in higher education. Communication, mentoring programs, training, respect, and opportunities for career advancement are components valued by all. It is important for higher education administrators to understand the values, work ethic, and communication style of the different generations. The implications for higher education administrators lie in establishing an organizational culture that promotes satisfaction for all individuals in the higher education setting.
Developing an Intergroup Communication Intervention Curriculum
Authors: Magsamen-Conrad Kate , Dillon Jeanette M. , Hanasono Lisa K. , Valdez Paul Anthony
Published: August 2019

This chapter describes a community-based participatory research project that embraces opportunities to augment the skills necessary to excel in an increasingly diverse workforce, especially in terms of proficiency in communication, social interaction, and technology. The Intergroup Communication Intervention (ICI) provides needed technology skills training to older adults in a community setting to improve intergroup relationships, foster positive civic attitudes and skills, and reduce ageist attitudes of younger adults. Participants build workforce skills necessary for future success as the project advances group and interpersonal communication skills across generations using technology pedagogy to bridge the divide. The ICI approach is systematic and grounded in theory. Analyses across the project's last three years demonstrate how communication processes ignite the powerful bonding that can occur over technology. This chapter encourages future research with similar goals of using longitudinal, communication studies to enhance community, competencies, and the future workforce.
Application of ANFIS for the Selection of Optimal Wire-EDM Parameters While Machining Ti-6Al-4V Alloy and Multi-Parametric Optimization Using GRA Method
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Dhanabalan S. , Narayanan C. S.
Published: August 2019

The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) are becoming more popular and relevant research have been conducted in every field of engineering and science by using these AI techniques. Therefore, this research aims to examine the influence of wire electric-discharge machining (WEDM) parameters on performance parameters to improve the productivity with a higher surface finish of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) by using the artificial intelligent technique. In this experimental analysis, the Adaptive Network Based fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model has been highly-developed and the multi-parametric optimization has been done to find the optimal solution for the machining of the titanium superalloy. The peak current (Ip), taper angle, pulse on time (Ton), pulse of time (Toff) and the dielectric fluid flow rate were selected as operation constraints to conduct experimental trials. The surface roughness (SR) and MRR were considered as output responses. The influence on machining performance has been analyzed by an ANFIS model and the developed model was validated with the full factorial regression models. The developed models showed the minimum mean percentage error and the optimized parameters by the GRA method showed the considerable improvement in the process.
Social Media for Business Purposes
Authors: Nunez-Zabaleta Aitziber
Published: August 2019

This article analyses the specific work tasks that 302 professional workers from the Basque region in Spain perform on social media (SM) for attaining their objectives, together with the work satisfaction they gain. The target population consisted of 23,000 professional workers in the Spanish Basque Country region, both employees and self-employed, with a particular interest in the use of new technologies. A sample of 302 professional workers were surveyed. The author found that professional workers are using SM applications to accomplish a wide range of objectives. Employees themselves are using SM for business purposes with their own strategy and on behalf of the company they work for. In addition to the SM strategy of the employees being integrated within the overall business strategy, managers should encourage them to use SM as this all contributes to the better performance of the company.
Cellular Automata Based Model for E-Healthcare Data Analysis
Authors: Singh Hakam , Kumar Yugal
Published: August 2019

E-healthcare is warm area of research and a number of algorithms have been applied to classify healthcare data. In the healthcare field, a large amount of clinical data is generated through MRI, CT scans, and other diagnostic tools. Healthcare analytics are used to analyze the clinical data of patient records, disease diagnosis, cost, hospital management, etc. Analytical techniques and data visualization are used to get the real time information. Further, this information can be used for decision making. Also, this information is useful for the better treatment of patients. In this work, an improved big bang-big crunch (BB-BC) based clustering algorithm is applied to analyze healthcare data. Cluster analysis is an important task in the field of data analysis and can be used to understand the organization of data. In this work, two healthcare datasets, CMC and cancer, are used and the proposed algorithm obtains better results when compared to MEBB-BC, BB-BC, GA, PSO and K-means algorithms. The performance of the improved BB-BC algorithm is also examined against benchmark clustering datasets. The simulation results showed that proposed algorithm improves the clustering results significantly when compared to other algorithms.
Predicting Crude Oil Price Using Fuzzy Rough Set and Bio-Inspired Negative Selection Algorithm
Authors: Lasisi Ayodele , Tairan Nasser , Ghazali Rozaida , Mashwani Wali Khan , Qasem Sultan Noman , Harish Kumar G R  , Arora Anuja
Published: August 2019

The need to accurately predict and make right decisions regarding crude oil price motivates the proposition of an alternative algorithmic method based on real-valued negative selection with variable-sized detectors (V-Detectors), by incorporating with fuzzy-rough set feature selection (FRFS) for predicting the most appropriate choices. The objective of this study is enhancing the performance of V-Detectors using FRFS for prices of crude oil. Applying FRFS serves to prune the number of features by retaining the most informative and critical features. The V-Detectors then trains and tests the features. Different radius values are applied for V-Detectors. Experimental outcome in comparison with established algorithms such as support vector machine, naïve bayes, multi-layer perceptron, J48, non-nested generalized exemplars, IBk, fuzzy-roughNN, and vaguely quantified nearest neighbor demonstrates that FRFS-V-Detectors is proficient and valuable for insightful knowledge on crude oil price. Thus, it can assist in establishing oil price market policies on the international scale.
An Adaptive Intrusion Detection Scheme for Cloud Computing
Authors: Ibrahim Nurudeen Mahmud , Zainal Anazida
Published: August 2019

To provide dynamic resource management, live virtual machine migration is used to move a virtual machine from one host to another. However, virtual machine migration poses challenges to cloud intrusion detection systems because movement of VMs from one host to another makes it difficult to create a consistent normal profile for anomaly detection. Hence, there is a need to provide an adaptive anomaly detection system capable of adapting to changes that occur in the cloud data during VM migration. To achieve this, the authors proposed a scheme for adaptive IDS for Cloud computing. The proposed adaptive scheme is comprised of four components: an ant colony optimization-based feature selection component, a statistical time series change point detection component, adaptive classification, and model update component, and a detection component. The proposed adaptive scheme was evaluated using simulated datasets collected from vSphere and performance comparison shows improved performance over existing techniques.
Effect of Fiber Orientation and Modification on the Behavior of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced UPE/ESOA Hybrid Composite
Authors: Panda Shivkumari , Behera Dibakar , Rath Prasant
Published: August 2019

In this chapter, bamboo fiber with parallel and anti parallel orientation has been introduced in the Unsaturated polyester (UPE)/ Epoxidized Soybean Oil Acrylate (ESOA) blend. The reinforced fiber mats were treated with NaOH and NaOH-silane to improve the stiffness and strength of the composites. Parallelly oriented fiber reinforced composite showed improved glass transition temperature. The mechanical, thermal, storage modulus and tribological properties are highly improved for parallel fiber oriented composite. Also alkali-silane treated fiber reinforced composite show optimum properties than alkali treated and raw fiber based composites. Anti parallelly oriented composites show reduced performance due to pull out of fibers. The FTIR analysis of all the composites was observed for the first time with valid reaction mechanism. So this new partially biodegradable composite can open a new door for potential application in various fields. This composite may be used as an alternating material to wood for various indoor and outdoor applications.
Effect of Organoclay on the Properties of Vulcanized Siloxane Rubber of the Brand SKTFV-803
Authors: Gadelshin R.N. , Ponomarev P.V. , Kurbangaleeva A.R. , Khakimullin Yu.N. , Volfson Svetoslav Isaakovich
Published: August 2019

The effectiveness of the use of the organoclay of the Cloisite 30B brand of the Southern Clay Products company (USA), which is a Na+-montmorillonit, modified by methylalkyldi (2-hydroxyethyl) ammoniumchloride, and of the organoclay of the Katamin AB, produced by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise CNIIgeolnerud (Russia), modified by alkylbenzyldimethylammoniumchloride on the properties of vulcanized dimethylphenylvinylsiloxane rubber of the brand SKTFV-803 was studied. It was established that the adding of organoclay in the amount of 5 parts by weight in siloxane rubber increased heat resistance, slightly reduced the swelling index in toluene, and, most importantly, was not impair the frost resistance of obtained siloxane HYPERLINK "https://www.multitran.ru/c/m.exe?t=598817_1_2&s1=%F0%E5%E7%E8%ED%E0" vulcanizates.
Effect of Heavy Filler on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites
Authors: Tarasova Olga I. , Yurkin Yuriy V. , Avdonin V.V.
Published: August 2019

Experimental studies on the effect of frequency and temperature on the dynamic mechanical properties of filled composites are studied poorly and require further research. The purpose of theresearch is to study the effect of heavy fillerbarite (BaSO4), on the dynamic characteristics of a highly filled composite based on butyl rubber, and to compare the efficiency of barite in the composite with similar light filler. The conclusions are made on the basis of a comparative analysis of the temperature-frequency dependences of the loss tangent and the storage modulusat various percentages of filler, obtained by the DMA method. It has been established that while increasing barite concentration the elasticity of the composite material decreases, the glass transition temperature shifts upwards, and the reverse occurs in the zone of highly elastic state of the composite: the higher the barite concentration, the higher the damping properties. The authors provided a rationale that the heavy filler shows the effect only in the highly elastic zone if compared with the light one. The article is of practical value for the development of new vibration insulation materials.
Effect of Lubricants on Fiber Length Distribution and Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites Based on Polyamide 1010
Authors: Nikiforov Anton A. , Volfson Svetoslav Isaakovich , Rinberg R. , Okhotina N.A. , Fayzullin Ilnur Z.
Published: August 2019

Influence of lubricants such as montan waxes and fatty acid esters, on properties of glass fiber reinforced composites based on polyamide 1010. Composites with 40 % wt. glass fibers were obtained on twin-screw extruder, while the fiber breakage occur. Fiber length distribution were measured. It is shown, that adding of 0.5 % wt. of lubricants increase content of glass fibers longer than 2 critical length and improve mechanical properties.
Chitosan-Based Porous Materials Biocompatible with Fibroblasts
Authors: Lednev Ivan R. , Apryatina K.V. , Smirnova L.A.
Published: August 2019

A novel method to obtain porous three-dimensional chitosan-based matrices has been developed. The structure is characterized by an interconnected system of pores, with controlled diameter by varying the concentration of chitosan and the nature of the solvent. The material is biodegradable, biocompatible, with high adhesion to fibroblasts and promotes its proliferation.
Membranes Based on Polyalkylmethylsiloxanes for Selective Removal of C5 and C6 Alcohol from Water
Authors: Grushevenko E.A. , Podtynnikov I.A. , Knyazeva A.A. , Sharova O.A. , Anokhina Tatyana S. , Borisov Ilya L.
Published: August 2019

Removal oxygenates from wastewater is an important problem of lots of chemical industry. At last decade pervaporation makes a good competitive ability to traditional water-oxygenates separation methods. The goal of this work is to find a new generation of membrane material that can provide increased selectivity oxygenate separation in an example of 1-pentanol and 1-hexanol from the water. In this work were studied following polymers: polyhexylmethylsiloxane, polyheptylmethylsiloxane, and polyoctylmethylsiloxane in comparison with the material, which is wildly used in hydrophobic pervaporation – polydimethylsiloxane. The sorption properties of these polymers were studied and direct correlation sorption and pervaporation properties were demonstrated. It was found that polyheptylmethylsiloxane has higher selectivity than other study polymers: 22 – hexanol/water, 7.3 – pentanol/water.
IR-Spectroscopic Investigations Оil-Bitumen Rocks
Authors: Abdikarimov Malik N. , Turgumbayeva R.Kh. , Sagintaeva S.S. , Mussabekov R. , Adilbekov A.A.
Published: August 2019

The processes of pyrolysis of bitumene-oil rocks of various deposits of Kazakhstan are studied. IR spectra were removed and the decomposition mechanism was shown
Imaging strategy for South African children with their first proven UTI in a tertiary hospital setting
Authors: Andronikou S. , Welman C. , Kader E. , McCulloch M.
Published: August 2019

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common invasive childhood bacterial infection. While it has a benign course in most children, there is a risk that some will develop renal scarring, hypertension and chronic renal failure. There are no simple clinical means to identify those at risk and who would benefit from treatment and so all children with first proven UTI are subjected to imaging. Imaging is directed at detecting vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), obstruction from pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction or posterior urethral valves (PUV) and kidneys that are scarred or at a risk for scarring. Unfortunately, no single imaging method is able to detect all of the above. Also, the advantages and limitations of many of the imaging methods are not clearly appreciated. This article presents the uses, advantages and disadvantages of current imaging methods and outlines a strategy that attempts to limit the radiation dose and invasiveness of the procedure.
A practical approach to the chest x-ray of a child with known or suspected congenital heart disease
Authors: Dahya V. , Andronikou S.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Melorheostosis in a 12-year-old child
Authors: Andronikou S. , Smith B.
Published: August 2019

Melorheostosis (of Leriand Joanny) is a rare, non-genetic sclerotic dysplatic bone disorder presenting at any age, usually from late childhood to adulthood. Its aetiology is unknown. It affects mainly the long bones of the upper and lower limbs, but also the short bones of the hand and foot and, rarely, the axial skeleton. Onset is usually insidious, with pain, deformity of the extremity, limb stiffness and limitation of joint motion, as well as thickening and fibrosis of the overlying skin and muscle atrophy being the common clinical features found on presentation. In adults the characteristic radiographic appearance consists of irregular hyperostotic changes of the cortex, generally on one side of the bone, resembling melted wax dripping down one side of a candle, from which melorheostosis derives its name. This, however, is not a feature of the radiographic appearance in children, where the external cortical margin retains its regular outline. Children more often present with a discrepancy in limb size rather than with pain (as is seen in adults). We present our case of melorheostosis in a 12-year-old child to highlight the main clinical and radiological differences found between children and adults.
Is the skull x-ray a useful tool in paediatric blunt head injury and are we familiar with an abnormal finding?
Authors: Andronikou S. , Welman C. , Kader E. , Venter J. , Kilborn T.
Published: August 2019

Skull X-ray (SXR) has been, and still is, used in some institutions to detect skull fractures in paediatric head injuries. When no clinical/neurological indication for computed tomography (CT) scanning exists, the presence of a skull fracture may be used as an indication for this. This case report demonstrates an unusual SXR finding of oval lucencies in a neurologically normal child who had sustained a head injury. The subsequent CT scan demonstrated a subacute subdural haemorrhage with air pockets, highlighting the need to recognise intracranial air. The literature is reviewed regarding the usefulness of SXR in childhood head injury.
Dosimetry of paediatric radiological and scintigraphic studies of the foregut
Authors: Wynchank S. , Mann M. D.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
A pictorial review of diseases causing meningeal enhancement in paediatric practice
Authors: McIvor B. , Andronikou S.
Published: August 2019

Meningeal enhancement on contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scans can occur in normal or diseased meninges. Any process that causes meningeal irritation can cause abnormal meningeal enhancement. In certain clinical settings, abnormal meningeal enhancement can add weight to a suspected clinical diagnosis, e.g. tuberculous meningitis. However, in the setting of neoplastic disease, the presence of abnormal meningeal enhancement can imply metastatic involvement of the meninges, which alters patient management, and implies a worse prognosis. With previous surgery for brain parenchymal neoplasm, previous lumbar puncture, previous intrathecal chemotherapy, or craniospinal radiotherapy it is critical to distinguish between iatrogenic meningeal enhancement and metastatic involvement of the meninges. There are characteristics of the enhancement, which can be of assistance in making this differentiation. When abnormal meningeal enhancement is encountered unexpectedly, a differential diagnosis is provided to help elicit the cause.
Do you know the radiation dose your patients receive from your CT scanner?
Authors: Welman Chris , Andronikou Savvas , Kader Ebrahim
Published: August 2019

The number of computed tomography (CT) examinations and new indications for CT are increasing in frequency worldwide. While CT makes up only 4% of medical examinations, it might contribute as much as 40% of the total collective radiation dose to the population. Radiologists and referring clinicians should make sure that the CT examination is indicated. Doses can often approach or exceed levels known to increase the probability of cancer. This is especially relevant in children where dose reductions of up to 80% can be obtained by adjusting the exposure factors. The most important factors are decreased milliampere seconds (mAs) and increased pitch.
Radiology exam survival guide
Authors: Godinho Sheldon
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Boerhaave's syndrome
Authors: Godinho Sheldon
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Tips for the Radiologist: Looking for the 'pea in a pod' among the 'Swiss cheese' to diagnose neurocysticercosis
Authors: Andronikou Savvas , McIvor Bruce , Smith Bruce
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of neurocysticercosis
Authors: Bruna J.
Published: August 2019

The typical radiological appearance of neurocysticercosis (NC) includes: small solitary or multiple non-enhancing lesions, small enhancing nodules, non-enhancing cysts without and at a later stage with perifocal oedema, racemose cysts in the subarachnoid space, cysts with ring enhancement and perifocal oedema, cysts with eccentric scolex (target sign, bull's eye sign) and nodular calcifications. MRI is more sensitive than CT (Figs 1 - 5) in the diagnosis of subarachnoid and ventricular forms of NC. CT is very sensitive in diagnosing cerebral forms and is more sensitive than MRI in the late stage of NC characterised by nodular calcifications. In patients with seizures, neurological deficit and mental deterioration CT remains the imaging method of choice. If the result of CT is negative or dubious MRI has to be considered. On CT small lesions are not visible especially if investigation is performed only with 10mm slices.
We are in this together
Authors: Tsatsi L. D.R.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Hepatocerebral degeneration: A case report
Authors: Sher B. J. , Duncan Ian C.
Published: August 2019

Acquired hepatocerebral degeneration is a subtype of chronic recurrent hepatic encephalopathy and is characterised by movement disorders and increased signal intensity in the basal ganglia on Tl-weighted MRI images.
Future Prospective of Soft Computing Techniques in Psychiatric Disorder Diagnosis
Authors: Sharma Manik , Romero Natalia
Published: August 2019

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Fashion Entrepreneurship
Authors: Granger ,   EdD, ITAA Michele M. , Sterling Tina M. , Cantrell Ann
Published: August 2019

“This is a useful step-by-step guide for starting your own apparel boutique or online business.” Marissa Zorola, University of North Texas, US

Written by entrepreneurs, for entrepreneurs, the book explains management, market segmentation, financial statements, cash flow, accessing capital, e-commerce, and omni-channel retailing. A hypothetical business plan that builds with each chapter and examples of business models from Warby Parker, Birchbox, and Etsy, give you a framework for building a successful fashion company. Profiles of entrepreneurs and exercises in a book illustrated with 130 images show you how to apply the process to your own ideas.
Sustainability and Social Change in Fashion
Authors: Burns Leslie Davis
Published: August 2019

“This is a primer for future fashion game changers.” Kelly Cobb, University of Delaware, US

Learn how to be sustainable and work for social change in the fashion industry. The book explains concepts, applications, legal and regulatory issues, and tools available to professionals throughout the fashion industry. Call to Action Activities, case studies, Conversations with industry professionals, and Company Highlights in every chapter will help you practice sustainability in your career. Some of the featured companies include ABL Denim, Eileen Fisher, Patagonia, Alabama Chanin, Everlane, thredUP, Krochet Kids intl, Loomstate, and Conscious Step. Industry professionals interviewed include Treana Peake, Caryn Franklin, Annie Gullingsrud, Katherine Soucie, and Elizabeth Shorrock, among others. Online STUDIO resources include case studies, self-quizzes, and glossary flashcards.
One Year After the 2011 Triennial Surveillance Review - Progress Report
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: August 2019

This progress report provides a short update on the first year of implementation of the 2011 Triennial Surveillance Review (TSR) in line with the Managing Director’s Statement on Strengthening Surveillance of October 2011. The report does not provide a comprehensive review of surveillance—which will be done in the 2014 TSR. Instead, its purpose is to establish, at an early stage, whether the new operational priorities are being implemented, set out key areas of progress, and discuss the challenges raised in their implementation. The report also identifies areas where further efforts may need to be directed—particularly following the change to the legal framework—to ensure even implementation and delivery of effective surveillance. The report recognizes that, while some measures have been implemented over the past year, others will take more time to come to fruition.
The emergence of ungoverned space in the British countryside
Authors: Smith Kreseda
Published: August 2019

Police and farmers in Britain have differing views on the effectiveness and measures of effectiveness of the policing of rural and farm crime. Farmers are increasingly feeling abandoned by the police while the police are trying to resource rural policing against a backdrop of budget cuts, inadequate strategic guidance and a lack of understanding of the impact of rural and farm crime.

To obtain information on issues about farm crime, interviews were conducted with Police and Crime Commissioners and Crime Prevention Advisors across four rural police forces in England. Interviews and focus groups were also conducted with farmers.

The research found that farmers have low levels of confidence in the police, which resulted from the police providing poor response and feedback on incidents. This in turn results in low levels of reporting of crimes by farmers. The police are dealing with increased demands with much lower budgets and few opportunities for specialist training. Combined with ineffective strategic responses and a lack of understanding of farmers’ situations regarding the impact of farm crime, the police are perceived as ineffective in deterring rural criminals.

This paper explores these policing issues and suggests the need to improve confidence among farming communities to encourage the reporting of farm crime, enabling a better understanding of the extent of farm crime in Britain.
Interannual variations of water vapor in the tropical upper troposphere and the lower and middle stratosphere and their connections to ENSO and QBO
Authors: Tian Edward W. , Su Hui , Tian Baijun , Jiang Jonathan H.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In this study, we analyze the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
water vapor data in the tropical upper troposphere and the lower and middle
stratosphere (UTLMS) (from 215 to 6 hPa) for the period from August 2004
to September 2017 using time-lag regression analysis and composite analysis
to explore the interannual variations of tropical UTLMS water vapor and
their connections to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and quasi-biennial
oscillation (QBO). Our analysis shows that the interannual tropical UTLMS
water vapor anomalies are strongly related to ENSO and QBO which together
can explain more than half (∼ 50 %–60 %) but not all variance
of the interannual tropical water vapor anomalies. We find that ENSO's
impact is strong in the upper troposphere (∼ 215–∼ 120 hPa) and near the tropopause (∼ 110–∼ 90 hPa), with a ∼ 3-month lag but weak in the
lower and middle stratosphere (∼ 80 to ∼ 6 hPa).
In contrast, QBO's role is large in the lower and middle stratosphere, with
an upward-propagating signal starting at the tropopause (100 hPa) with a
∼ 2-month lag, peaking in the middle stratosphere near 15 hPa
with a ∼ 21-month lag. The phase lag is based on the 50 hPa
QBO index used by many previous studies. This observational evidence
supports that the QBO's impact on the tropical stratospheric water vapor is
from its modulation on the tropical tropopause temperature and then
transported upward with the tape recorder as suggested by many previous
studies. In the upper troposphere, ENSO is more important than QBO for the
interannual tropical water vapor anomalies that are positive during the warm
ENSO phases but negative during the cold ENSO phases. Near the tropopause,
both ENSO and QBO are important for the interannual tropical water vapor
anomalies. Warm ENSO phase and westerly QBO phase tend to cause positive
water vapor anomalies, while cold ENSO phase and easterly QBO phase tend to
cause negative water vapor anomalies. As a result, the interannual tropical
water vapor anomalies near the tropopause are different depending on
different ENSO and QBO phase combinations. In the lower and middle
stratosphere, QBO is more important than ENSO for the interannual tropical
water vapor anomalies. For the westerly QBO phases, interannual tropical
water vapor anomalies are positive near the tropopause and in the lower
stratosphere but negative in the middle stratosphere and positive again
above. Vice versa for the easterly QBO phases.
Modeling dust sources, transport, and radiative effects at different altitudes over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Hu Zhiyuan , Huang Jianping , Zhao Chun , Jin Qinjian , Ma Yuanyuan , Yang Ben
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Mineral dust plays an important role in the climate of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) by modifying the radiation budget, cloud macro- and microphysics, precipitation, and snow albedo. Meanwhile, the TP with the highest topography in the word can affect intercontinental transport of dust plumes and induce typical distribution characteristics of dust at different altitudes. In this study, we conduct a quasi-global simulation to investigate the characteristics of dust source contribution and transport over the TP at different altitude by using a fully coupled meteorology–chemistry model (WRF–Chem) with a tracer-tagging technique. Generally, the simulation reasonably captures the spatial distribution of satellite retrieved dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) at different altitudes. Model results show that dust particles are emitted into atmosphere through updrafts over major desert regions, and then transported to the TP. The East Asian dust is transported and lifted up to the TP, contributing a mass loading of 50 mg/m2 at 3 km height and 5 mg/m2 at 12 km height over the northern slop of the TP. Dust from North Africa and Middle East are concentrated over both northern and southern slopes below 6 km, where mass loadings range from 10 to 100 mg/m2 and 1 to 10 mg/m2 below 3 km and above 9 km, respectively. As the dust is transported to the north and over the TP, mass loadings are 5–10 mg/m2 above 6 km. The imported dust mass flux from East Asia to the TP is 7.9 Tg/year mostly occuring at the heights of 3–6 km. The North African and Middle East dust particles are transported eastward following the westerly jet, and then imported into the TP at West side with the dust mass flux of 7.8 and 26.6 Tg/year, respectively. The maximum mass flux of the North African dust mainly occurs in 0–3 km (3.9 Tg/year), while the Middle East within 6–9 km (12.3 Tg/year). The dust outflow occurs at East side (−17.89 Tg/year) and South side (−11.22 Tg/year) of the TP with a peak value (8.7 Tg/year) in 6–9 km. Moreover, the dust mass is within the size range of 1.25~5.0 μm and dust number is concentrated in the size range of 0.156~1.25 μm. Compared with other aerosols, the dust contributes more than 50 % to the total AOD over the TP. The direct radiative forcing induced by the dust is −1.28 W/m2 at the top of the atmosphere (cooling), 0.41 W/m2 in the atmosphere (warming) and −1.68 W/m2 at the surface (cooling). Our quantitative analyses of the dust contribution from different source regions and the associated radiative forcing can help better understand the role of dust on the climate over the TP and surrounding regions.
Spatial variations in sedimentary N-transformation rates in the North Sea (German Bight)
Authors: Bratek Alexander , van Beusekom Justus , Neumann Andreas , Sanders Tina , Friedrich Jana , Emeis Kay-Christian , Dähnke Kirstin
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In this study, we investigate the role of sedimentary N cycling in the Southern North Sea. We present a budget of ammonification, nitrification and sedimentary NO3− consumption/denitrification in contrasting sediment types of the German Bight (Southern North Sea), including novel net ammonification rates. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration (nitrate, nitrite and ammonium) in the water column showed low levels between 0.2 to 3.2 µmol L−1. We incubated sediment cores with labeled nitrate and ammonium to calculate net and gross N transformation rates. The results show that impermeable sediments are the main site of ammonification (on average 10.2 ± 1.2 mmol m−2 d−1) and that they are an important source for primary producers in the water column, contributing ~ 17 to 61 % of reactive nitrogen in the water column. Ammonification and oxygen penetration depth are the main drivers of sedimentary nitrification. One third of freshly produced nitrate in impermeable sediment and two-thirds in permeable sediment were reduced to N2. The semi-permeable and permeable sediments are responsible for ~ 80 % of the total benthic N2 production rates (~ 890 t N d−1) in the southern North Sea. We conclude that impermeable sediments are important sources of reactive N and that semi-permeable and permeable sediments are the main sinks of reactive N, counteracting eutrophication in the southern North Sea (German Bight).
Improved estimate of global gross primary production for reproducing its long-term variation, 1982–2017
Authors: Zheng Yi , Shen Ruoque , Wang Yawen , Li Xiangqian , Liu Shuguang , Liang Shunlin , Chen Jing M. , Ju Weimin , Zhang Li , Yuan Wenping
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Satellite-based models have been widely used to simulate vegetation gross primary production (GPP) at site, regional, or global scales in recent years. However, accurately reproducing the interannual variations in GPP remains a major challenge, and the long-term changes in GPP remain highly uncertain. In this study, we generated a long-term global GPP dataset at 0.05° latitude by 0.05° longitude at 8-day interval by revising a light use efficiency model (i.e. EC-LUE). In the revised EC-LUE model, we integrated the regulations of several major environmental variables: atmospheric CO2 concentration, radiation components, and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD). These environmental variables showed substantial long-term changes, which could greatly impact the global vegetation productivity. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements at 84 towers from the FLUXNET2015 dataset, covering nine major ecosystem types of the globe, were used to calibrate and validate the model. The revised EC-LUE model could explain 83 % and 68 % of the spatial variations in the annual GPP at 42 calibration and 43 validation sites, respectively. In particular, the revised EC-LUE model could very well reproduce (~ 74 % sites R2 > 0.5; averaged R2 = 0.65) the interannual variations in GPP at 51 sites with observations greater than 5-years. At global scale, sensitivity analysis indicated that the long-term changes of environmental variables could be well reflected in the global GPP dataset. The CO2 fertilization effect on the global GPP (0.14 ± 0.001 Pg C yr−1) could be offset by the increased VPD (−0.16 ± 0.02 Pg C yr−1). The global GPP derived from different datasets exist substantial uncertainty in magnitude and interannual variations. The magnitude of global summed GPP simulated by the revised EC-LUE model was comparable to other global models. While the revised EC-LUE model has a unique superiority in simulating the interannual variations in GPP at both site level and global scales. The revised EC-LUE model provides a reliable long-term estimate of global GPP because of integrating the important environmental variables. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8942336.v1 (Zheng et al., 2019).
La "Odisea" en la casilla de salida del Juego de la Oca
Authors: Almodóvar García Javier , Del Canto Nieto José Ramón
Published: August 2019

La huella que ha dejado en el imaginario occidental la Odisea resulta inagotable. De ella se sigue una tradición literaria, pero también icónica. En el artículo se rastrea el origen de los "juegos de mesa" en la Antigüedad grecorromana y su procedencia mítica; se analiza su estructura y componentes simbólicos para acabar estableciendo una relación entre la Odisea y el Juego de la Oca. Se utiliza como método, principalmente, el análisis de las funciones del cuento popular propugnada por V. Propp.
Sumisas y perversas: los mitos sobre la mujer en «Las impuras» (1919), novela de Miguel de Carrión
Authors: Ramírez Ronald Antonio
Published: August 2019

En este artículo examino el sustrato mitológico asociado a la mujer en la novela Las impuras (1919), del escritor cubano Miguel de Carrión. Los mitos de la fragilidad, la pasividad y la virginidad femeninas, y el de la mujer fatal, conforman la matriz intertextual en el componente mítico de esta novela que visibiliza, como parte de su mensaje estético, las problemáticas de la mujer cubana durante los primeros años del siglo XX. Desde una perspectiva mitocrítica con enfoque de género, valoro en esta obra cómo los aspectos simbólicos en la conformación antitética de la imago mujer están relacionados con el pensamiento sociocultural de la época.
Towards a correlation of form, use and meaning of German ge-prefixed predicative participles
Authors: Pross Tillmann , Roßdeutscher Antje
Published: August 2019

We argue for a split semantics of German predicative participle constructions, depending on whether or not the formation of the participle involves prefixation with the dedicated morpheme ge-. Against the background of the analysis of participles of German be-prefixed verbs proposed in Pross (2019), and using the licensing of superlative constructions and ung-nominalizations as tests, we show that ge-prefixed participles denote a result relation between a property of an event and an individual. In contrast, be-prefixed participles, like adjectives, denote properties of individuals. We cast the distinction between event properties and individual properties in a compositional semantics of ge-and be-prefixed participles and show how the resulting semantic distinction allows to predict the distinction between target and resultant state participles drawn in Kratzer (2000) without using the questionable immer noch ‘still’ test.
A Educação Física Escolar e a Prevenção da Obesidade nas Pessoas com Síndrome de Down
Authors: Rodrigues Antonio Carlos Mazzerocchi , Nyari Nádia Ligianara Dewes , Böhm Geverson Tobias , Bohm Sandra Ines Horn , Juliani Moacir
Published: August 2019

A partir de experiência obtida na Escola Especial que possui atendimento a pessoas com necessidades especiais em Lucas do Rio Verde MT, concomitantemente com a realização da disciplina em Educação Infantil do Curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física percebeu-se uma certa característica comum entre os estudantes com Síndrome de Down, os mesmos possuíam algum grau de obesidade. A partir desta percepção o objetivo do presente estudo visa contribuir, identificar e analisar a importância da Educação Física Escolar na prevenção da Obesidade em pessoas com Síndrome de Down. Nesse sentido buscou conhecer as especificidades da Síndrome de Down em relação ao metabolismo, observando a ocorrência de obesidade em estudantes e identificando as causas da obesidade nos estudantes. Para tanto o método de estudo empregue foi de abordagem indutiva e classificada como uma pesquisa qualitativa. O grupo de pesquisa foi composto de 01 nutricionista, 08 professores de Educação Física que atendem ou já atenderam estudantes com Síndrome de Down e 10 estudantes com Síndrome de Down. Foram empregues 03 instrumentos de pesquisa sendo a primeira composta de uma entrevista, a segunda por um questionário misto aplicado aos professores e a verificação do índice de Massa Corporal nos estudantes. O intuito foi verificar as especificidades nutricionais e metabólicas dos estudantes com Síndrome de Down constatou-se através do IMC dos estudantes avaliados que os mesmos apresentam variados graus de obesidade e desta forma as aulas de Educação Física escolar não estão alcançando o objetivo de prevenir a obesidade nesses estudantes.
Minicurso com roda de conversa como estratégia didática sobre opioides: relato de experiência
Authors: Gouvêa Cibele Marli Cação Paiva
Published: August 2019

O uso e a dependência de drogas ilícitas constituem importante problema social e de saúde pública em todo o mundo, inclusive no Brasil. Dentre as substâncias utilizadas como medicamentos e de abuso destacam-se os opioides. Apesar de estudado pelos cursos da área de saúde, este assunto é pouco abordado nos cursos de graduação da área biológica. O grupo PET-X da Universidade X ministrou minicurso, com roda de conversa sobre a atuação e consequências do uso de opioides nas diferentes fases da vida, como forma de contribuir para o conhecimento do assunto fora da sala de aula. Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria dos participantes não leu o material de apoio didático antes da realização do minicurso, tendo em vista que houve aumento significativo (p < 0,05) de respostas corretas para o questionário aplicado após o minicurso, quando comparado ao aplicado antes da realização deste. A roda de conversa se mostrou muito eficiente para discussão do tema. Todos participaram do diálogo disparado pelas questões-tema e foi um momento único para sanar dúvidas, conhecer mais sobre o assunto e inclusive partilhar experiências próprias com o uso de opioides. No ensino superior as rodas de conversa encontram pouco espaço, contudo os resultados deste trabalho sugerem que seja uma estratégia didática concorre para a aquisição de conhecimento, valorizando aspectos importantes como a compreensão do tema, a escuta, o respeito, a construção e a reconstrução do conhecimento, o que contribui para a autonomia estudantil na construção do conhecimento.
Turning to Poetry for Help—Some Desultory Remarks
Authors: Jolley Kelly Dean
Published: August 2019

The ancient quarrel between philosophy and poetry? I chip away at the quarrel, asking why we should think that poets do not aim at truth or why philosophers do not aim at beauty. Why shouldn’t poetry have a place in the philosophy seminar and vice-versa? Crucial to my chipping-away is the idea that there is an expanded but still meaningful sense of “logic” in which poetry is a logical exercise.
Chinese Calligraphy as “Force-Form”
Authors: Shi Xiongbo
Published: August 2019

This article explains the xing (form) of Chinese calligraphy, proposing that calligraphic xing is inseparable from shi (force), a key aesthetic concept in Chinese calligraphy criticism and Chinese aesthetics at large. The first part of this article starts with a discussion of xing in early Chinese aesthetic discourses before turning to the term’s usages in texts on calligraphy. The second and the third parts discuss shi as it is used in classical calligraphic theory, clarifying how calligraphic shi, as a kind of directional force, persists through the three aspects of calligraphic form: brushstrokes, characters, and compositional structure. This article explicates how calligraphic xing and shi are mutually dependent. On the one hand, calligraphic shi, as an aesthetic effect, is attached to the visible xing. On the other, the forms of successful calligraphic works are never static; rather, they should be filled with internal force (shi). I conclude that understanding Chinese calligraphy as “force-form” has clear implications for calligraphic education and appreciation. The abstract quality of Chinese calligraphy in large measure consists of the aesthetic effect of shi actualized in calligraphic form. Thus, to appreciate this art, we must retrace the visible force-form of a piece of calligraphy.