bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and in silico and in vivo anticonvulsant activities of substituted 2-phenyl indole derivatives
Authors: Khan Md. Lateef , Singh Shobha , Singh Divyash
Published: October 2024

In this study, a series of indole-based derivatives (2a to 2f) were synthesized, followed by a main base reaction from the starting material, phenylhydrazine, and substituted acetophenone in glacial acetic acid, and all the synthesized structures were characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. The anticonvulsant activities of the synthesized derivatives were subsequently screened using a maximal electroshock model. Compounds 2b, 2c and 2e exhibited moderate activity against the extensor seizure phase compared with the standard drug phenytoin sodium. To determine the mechanism of action of the synthesized compounds, a docking study was performed against gamma-butyric acid (a GABAA receptor), and the AMPA-sensitive glutamate receptor was shown to have good binding interactions. 2b, 2c, and 2c exhibited good binding energies for AMPA. Among the six synthesized compounds, 2b, 2c, and 2e were found to possess optimum to excellent in silico ADME properties. Substituted 2-phenylindole derivatives also increase the therapeutic value of 2-phenylindole cores for the discovery of potent anticonvulsive agents. Thus, we observed that 2-phenylindole in combination with other heterocycles might be used as a lead compound for further study and for developing such compounds as suitable lead molecules with improved pharmacological profiles.
Translation-transcription coupled regulation of erm(T) MLSB sub-phenotype expression in the emergent emm92-type group A Streptococcus
Authors: Powell Lillie M. , Choi Soo Jeon , Grund Megan E. , Demkowicz Ryan , Berisio Rita , LaSala P. Rocco , Lukomski Slawomir
Published: October 2024

In the last decade, invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections have doubled in the U.S., with equivalent increases in MLSB (macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B)-resistance. The emm92-type isolates carrying the erm(T) gene have been associated with an alarming emergence of iGAS infections in people who inject drugs or experiencing homelessness. Our goal was to elucidate the mechanisms behind inducible (iMLSB) and constitutive (cMLSB) resistance in emm92 isolates. Sequence analysis identified polymorphisms in the erm(T) regulatory region associated with cMLSB resistance. RT-qPCR and RNAseq revealed increased erm(T) mRNA levels in iMLSB isolates in response to erythromycin exposure, while cMLSB isolates exhibited high erm(T) expression independent from antibiotic exposure. Transcription results were coupled with shifting levels of ribosomal methylation. A homology model of the ErmT enzyme identified structural elements and residues conserved in methyltransferases. Delayed growth of iMLSB isolates cultured with erythromycin and increased clindamycin resistance in cMLSB isolates were observed.
Statistical Investigation of the Mineralogical Effect on Blastability in Granitic Rocks
Authors: Kantarcı Orkun , Kesimal Ayhan
Published: October 2024

In this study, the effect of physico-mechanical and mineralogical properties of core samples taken from granite rocks obtained from different locations on blastability was statistically analyzed. The relationship between the mineral content of the rocks and rock mechanics parameters was evaluated. The best regression equations with strong relationships (R2>0.700) involving the parameters used in the blastability formulas were then obtained. These equations were analyzed for five different blastability indices and the results of the forecasting accuracy analyses (RMSE= 0.000-0.085 and MAPE= 0.06-1.82) showed that the models were quite successful. According to the results of the best forecasting accuracy analysis, the parameters to be considered in the specific charge calculation were mineral content, uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, apparent porosity, density and ultrasonic P-wave velocity. As a result of the studies, it was concluded that the mineralogical composition of the rocks had a significant effect on the blastability parameters and lower specific charge values were achieved if the minerals are taken into account.
Bir Fotovoltaik Güneş Enerjisi Santralinin Enerji ve Ekserji Analizi
Authors: Özel Selçuk , Çamdalı Ünal
Published: October 2024

Ekserji analizi, enerji kalitesinin ve tersinmezliklere bağlı olarak bir sistemde oluşan kayıpların belirlenmesi noktasında önemlidir. Ekserji iş üretebilme kabiliyetidir. Başlangıç halinden ölü hale ulaşıncaya kadar, sistemden elde edilebilecek maksimum teorik yararlı iş olarak tanımlanabilir. Enerjiyi dönüştüren tüm sistemler için ekserji analizi gerçekleştirmek mümkündür. Zira ekserji miktarla beraber niteliğin de bir ölçüsüdür. Fotovoltaik sistemlerde güneş paneli tarafından üretilen (dönüştürülen) elektrik, sistemin ürettiği ekserji değerini vermektedir. Elektrik üretimi sırasında ısı da oluşmaktadır. Oluşan ısı, tersinmezliklerden kaynaklı olarak ekserji kayıplarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada pik gücü 1,21 MW olan ve Kayseri’de kurulan fotovoltaik güneş santralinin gerçek üretim değerleri kullanılarak güneş enerjisinin yoğun olduğu, Haziran-Ağustos dönemlerindeki (2017 yılı), enerji ve ekserji verimleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Değerler aylık olarak 5’er günlük test günlerindeki 08:00-20:00 zaman diliminde elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen gerçek değerler: tesisin ürettiği elektrik (gücü), güneş ışınımı ve ortalama çevre sıcaklığıdır. Sonrasında bunlara bağlı olarak tesisin enerji ve ekserji analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Enerji verimi Haziran ve Temmuz aylarında %25’in üzerine olduğu halde aynı aylardaki ekserji verim değerleri en yüksek % 27,7 ve % 28,7, Ağustos ayında ise en yüksek % 25,7 olarak elde edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla fotovoltaik sistemlerdeki tersinmezliklerden dolayı oluşan kayıpların, ekserji veriminin en yüksek olduğu sabah saatlerinde bile % 70’ in üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Cathodoluminescence textures and trace elements in quartz: Constraints on Ag mineralization in adularia–sericite epithermal systems
Authors: Gao Shen , Zou Xinyu , Hofstra Albert H. , Huang Liangliang , Yang Haijun , Qin Kezhang , Marsh Erin E. , Hui Kaixuan , Xu Jing , Wang Le , Li Zhenzhen , Zhao Junxing , Han Ri , Li Guangming
Published: October 2024

Quartz chemistry is important for revealing fluid sources and evolution in hydrothermal deposits, but such information is lacking for many epithermal systems and deposit types. To investigate quartz chemistry in this system further, we collected representative samples of quartz from adularia-sericite epithermal Ag deposits in China and determined their chemical compositions. In adularia-sericite epithermal Ag-bearing systems, magmatic quartz from porphyry intrusions and host subvolcanic rocks is SEM-CL spectral peaks at 360 and 415 nm and exhibits homogenous CL or weak zonal textures (alternating growth zones within individual quartz crystal). Trace elements in magmatic quartz have the lowest Sb concentrations (median = 0.1 ppm; n = 80). Hydrothermal quartz can be classified into type I and type II by CL false color and CL spectral peaks. Hydrothermal type I quartz has spectral peaks at 360 and 415 nm, exhibits zonal or sector textures, and is associated with base metal sulfides and minor Ag mineralization. Such hydrothermal type I quartz has low Sb concentrations (median = 4.5 ppm; n = 839), contains liquid-rich fluid inclusions and formed by cooling. The cooling trend is indicated by a positive correlation between the concentrations of Sb and Al, as well as between Li and Al. Hydrothermal type I quartz has an Fe center by electron spin resonance, whereas other centers are missing or weak at room temperature. In general, hydrothermal type II quartz mantles type I quartz. Hydrothermal type II quartz has a very high intensity peak (by several orders of magnitude) at 580 nm, zonal textures, and is associated with abundant Ag mineralization. Hydrothermal type II quartz has the highest Sb concentrations (median = 71 ppm; n = 185), which remain constant as Al decreases on an Sb vs. Al plot. This quartz has colloform, bladed or zonal textures and contains coexisting liquid- and vapor-rich fluid inclusions, indicative of boiling. Additionally, this quartz has a significantly higher E'1 center intensity, suggesting a high concentration of oxygen vacancies associated with rapid crystallization. The mineral paragenesis, analytical results, and geochemical models show that in these Ag-bearing epithermal systems hydrothermal type I quartz associated with base metal sulfides precipitated during cooling whereas subsequent growth zoned hydrothermal type II quartz with high Sb concentrations and Ag-minerals precipitated during boiling. These results suggest that the CL texture and spectra, trace elements, and electron spin resonance data of quartz could identify veins with potential for Ag mineralization in epithermal systems.
Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Citronellyl Esters by Different Acylating Agents: A Kinetic Comparison Study
Authors: Staudt Amanda , R. A. Malafaia Camila , D. N. P. Georgii Ana , Itabaiana Jr. Ivaldo , C. R. Leal Ivana
Published: October 2024

Citronellyl esters present broad applications in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries due to their organoleptic and biological properties. Lipase-catalyzed acylation of citronellol has been a suitable way to obtain these natural esters on a high scale. This work describes the lipase-catalyzed acylation of citronellol through esterification and transesterification with linear acylating agents (C3-C18) using Novozym®435 as a biocatalyst. The results show that all esters achieved not less than 91% conversion from an esterification model, showing a good reaction profile. Citronellyl propionate and laurate were selected for study in a transesterification reaction model, and it resulted in a lower reaction time for ester conversions. As an example, we highlight citronellyl propionate production, which approximately 10 g L-1 of the product was obtained after 1.5 h of esterification compared to 2 min by transesterification. The final esters were purified with high purity (≥ 90%) and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and their structures were elucidated by 1 H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Enzyme recycling was evaluated and Novozym®435 was able to be applied for at least 20 cycles. Results demonstrated the efficiency of acylation reactions catalyzed by this enzyme and showed the potential of the methodology for the production and purification of flavor esters.
The “Occupation/Employment” Concept in the Epic Tale Picture of the World
Authors:   Lipetsk State Pedagogical P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky University, Chernousova Irina P.
Published: October 2024

The article explores the concept “occupation/employment” embracing occupations that existed in Ancient Rus’ and which are presented in the epic picture of the world in a re-coded form. The epic tale is characterized by social stratification (the prince, the boyars, bogatyrs, merchants, priests, plowmen, moneylenders, servants) and a wide variety of military and economic positions, as well as an abundance of servants. The main characters of the epics are bogatyrs who serve the prince and are part of the epic druzhina (the prince’s military retinue). Among the numerous occupations and positions, there are gatekeepers, doorkeepers, stolniks, cup bearers serving the prince, boyars and bogatyrs, as well as skomorokhs (minstrel-entertainers), gusli players, and singers providing entertainment during feasts. Young bogatyrs at the beginning of their career can serve at the court and fight in a war if need be. In accordance with the laws of the epic tale world, bogatyrs are endowed with superhuman strength and fantastic powers irrespective of their occupation (a warrior-defender of the Motherland like Ilya Muromets, a plowman like Mikula Selyaninovich, or a merchant and gusli player like Sadko). The major means of representing the concept “occupation/employment” in the epic tale picture of the world is folklore formulas — fixed verbal constructions that contain of traditional cultural meanings embodying the nation’s worldview and principles, which testifies to the importance of this information. The names of occupations and positions in folklore formulas have largely become historicisms and archaisms.
Intermedial Connections: Literature and Photography (The Phenomenon of Photography in the Novel “In Memory of Memory. Romance” by Maria M. Stepanova)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Wang Zixuan
Published: October 2024

The author argues that visual media, including photography, converted into textual form, are increasingly intertwined with non-fiction. Among the examples is the philosophical and documentary novel by Maria M. Stepanova “In Memory of Memory. Romance” (2017). Thе article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of photography in the novel “In Memory of Memory”, in which photographic images receive a verbal description (i. e. the textualization of photography). This type of text is defined both as ekphrasis (Nina V. Braginskaya, James Heffernan, Alina Banea, etc.) and meta-photographic text (Marianne Hirsch). For analysis, hermeneutic, typological, cultural and historical research methods, as well as the method of analysis and synthesis, are used. The theoretical basis of the article is the concept of postmemory by M. Hirsch, the concept of places of memory by Pierre Nora, the theory of photography by Susan Sontag and the concept of “punctum” by Roland Barthes. The novelty of the approach lies in the analysis of the phenomenon of photography in the novel in the aspect of textualization of the photographic image. The author comes to the conclusion that textual presentation has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages are that textualization of the photographic image ensures compliance with the laws of space-time and gives an idea of the context of photographs. The main drawback is rooted in the subjectivity of the author’s description and, as a consequence, its one-sidedness. It seems that the aesthetic specificity of spontaneous and staged photography is manifested in their verbal description. Thus, meta-photographic text, like photography, plays an important role in the recording and transmission of memory and postmemory.
Association of Alkaline Phosphatase Level with Futile Recanalization
in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated with Endovascular
Thrombectomy
Authors: Jia Milan , Yu Wantong , Jin Feiyang , Xu Jiali , Guo Wenting , Zhang Mengke , Li Sijie , Ren Changhong , Ding Yuchuan , Zhao Wenbo , Lan Jing , Ji Xunming
Published: October 2024

Objective:

Nearly half of Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients failed to achieve favorable
outcomes despite successful reperfusion treatment. This phenomenon is referred to as Futile
Recanalization (FR). Screening patients at risk of FR is vital for stroke management. Previous
studies reported the diagnostic value of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in certain aspects of
stroke prognosis. However, the association between serum ALP level and FR among AIS patients
treated with thrombectomy remained unclear.

Methods:

We screened stroke patients who underwent thrombectomy at our center from January
2017 to June 2021, and those who achieved successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in
Cerebral Infarction score=3) were ultimately analyzed. Demographic information, vascular risk
factors, and laboratory test results were collected at admission. The 3-month unfavorable outcome
was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 3 to 6. The effect of ALP levels on FR was investigated
with a logistic regression model.

Results:

Of 788 patients who underwent thrombectomy, 277 achieved successful reperfusion.
Among them, 142 patients (51.3%) failed to realize favorable outcomes at 3 months. After adjusting
for confounding variables, higher ALP levels (p =0.002) at admission were independently associated
with unfavorable outcomes at three months. Adding ALP values to conventional risk factors
improved the performance of prediction models for FR.

Conclusion:

The current study found that the serum ALP levels at admission emerged as a potential
biomarker for futile reperfusion in stroke patients undergoing thrombectomy. Further studies
are warranted to confirm the clinical applicability of ALP level for futile recanalization prediction.
Automatic Kidney Stone Detection System using Guided Bilateral Feature Detector for CT Images
Authors: R Manoranjitham , S Punitha , Ravi Vinayakumar , Stephan Thompson , Al Mazroa Alanoud , Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj , Gupta Indrajeet
Published: October 2024

Background

Kidney stones, common urological diseases worldwide, are formed from hard urine minerals in the kidneys. Early detection is essential to prevent kidney damage and manage recurring stones. CT imaging has made significant progress in providing detailed information for disease diagnosis.

Aim

This study aimed to enhance kidney stone detection through advanced imaging and machine learning techniques.

Objective

The Guided Bilateral Feature Detector was proposed to identify and extract features for kidney stone detection in CT images. Unlike traditional filters like Gaussian and Bilateral filters, the Guided Bilateral Filter Detector prevented halo artifacts and preserved image edges by employing a guide weight. The extracted features were combined with the SVM algorithm to accurately detect kidney stones in CT images.

Methods

The proposed detector used the Guided Bilateral Filter to reduce the halo artifacts in the images and enhance the feature detection process. The detector operated in four stages to extract important features from CT images, and a 128-feature point generator provided a more detailed representation in aiding kidney stone detection and classification. The proposed detector combined with the Support Vector Machine algorithm to improve reliability and reduce computational requirements.

Results

Experimental results showed that the proposed Guided Bilateral Feature Detector with SVM outperformed existing models, including SIFT+SVM, SURF+SVM, PCA+KNN, EANet, Inception v3, VGG16, and Resnet50. The key performance metrics achieved included an accuracy of 98.56%, precision of 98.9%, recall of 99.2%, and an F1 score of 99%.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that the Guided Bilateral Feature Detector with SVM significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of kidney stone detection, providing valuable implications for clinical practice and future research in medical imaging.
DETERMINAN VOLATILITAS HARGA SAHAM PADA INDEKS IDX30 (STUDI PADA TAHUN 2018-2021)
Authors: Atalia Putri Ramadhan  , Ferry Prasetyia
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that  influence the volatility of the IDX30 company’s stock prices. Independent variable used are Stock Trading Volume, dividend policy, leverage, firms size, and asset growth. This study using the report data  from companies listed in IDX in the Index IDX30 between 2018-2021. Data analyzed using data panel regression analysis. The result from the analysis found out if variable dividend yield, firm size, and growth asset has no significant effects on Stock Price Volatility. Meanwhile, trading volume and leverage have a significant effect on stock price volatility.
The Effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model in the Context of Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) on Critical Thinking Ability on Digestive System Material
Authors: Aisy Maitsaa Rihhadatul , Trisnowati Eli , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: October 2024

Science education emphasizes direct experience to develop competence in exploring and understanding nature to foster the ability to think critically, collaborate, be scientific, and communicate as important aspects of life skills. This research aims to analyze the effect of learning using the problem-based learning (PBL) model in the context of socio-scientific issues (SSI) on critical thinking skills on digestive system material. This research is quantitative research using a quasi-experimental design. The population is class VIII students of State Junior High School 2 Subah for the 2023/2024 academic year. The sample was class VIIIA as the experimental class and class VIIIC as the control class, established using the purposive sampling technique, namely sampling based on certain considerations.  The research instrument was a test (pretest and posttest). The research results are as follows. (1) The results of the T-test analysis using the Independent Sample t-test are 0.00 0.05, which shows that there is a difference in the average value of critical thinking abilities of the two classes. (2) The results of the N-Gain test for the experimental class obtained a higher value, namely 0.628, indicating that the experimental class using the PBL model with the SSI context experienced a greater increase in critical thinking abilities. (3) The effect size test result is 1.1659 in the high category. This research concludes that the PBL model in the context of socio-scientific issues (SSI) affects critical problem-based learning thinking skills.
Can Web-Based AI Be Implemented in the Middle School Science Classroom? A Critical Review
Authors: Azari Anetta Mutiara , Rochintaniawati Diana , Agustin Rika Rafikah
Published: October 2024

This literature review examines the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) on science education, particularly in middle schools, and addresses both its limitations and future directions. This review critically assesses the potential implications of AI on science learning in middle school. It does so by examining 17 Scopus-indexed studies. The review reveals significant positive outcomes regarding how web-based AI-powered education affects students' learning outcomes, technological skills, and better decision-making. Despite these promising results, this article recognizes the possible dangers and difficulties associated with implementing AI in the classroom, such as limited access to technology in the region, reliance on AI, and ethical considerations when using AI-generated content. Solutions such as expanding technological knowledge and encouraging critical thinking are proposed to address these issues, anticipating the danger of bias and ethics toward AI. The conclusion of this review indicates that AI implementation in science learning has significant potential benefits despite limitations and challenges. In addition, this review also guides students, educators, and AI developers on optimizing AI's educational benefits.
Effect of Digital Financial Literacy on Future Orientation: Financial Management, Spending and Saving Decision
Authors: Putri Cinta Qiraniah , Junaidi Junaidi , Riyanti Riyanti
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThrough a case study of Gen Z in Palopo City, this study seeks to investigate how digital financial literacy affects future orientation, which in turn influences financial management decisions about saving and spending. Gen Z is the source of data for this study; 100 respondents were gathered online. This reasearch used Structural equation modelling (SEM) methodology. The study found substantial impact of digital financial literacy on financial management, future orientation, spending, and saving decisions. Implication of this research is the urge to cultivating digital financial literacy that can influence financial orientation and management. The higher digital financial literacy of Gen Z of Palopo City leads to positive impacts of Palopo City’s ecomony.Keywords: Digital Financial Literacy, Financial Management, Saving Decision, Spending Decision, Financial BehaviorABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh literasi keuangan digital terhadap orientasi masa depan yang kemudian memengaruhi manajemen keuangan berupa keputusan membelanjakan dan keputusan menabung (studi kasus Gen Z di  Kota Palopo). Sumber data penetian ini adalah Gen Z yang diperoleh secara online berupa 100 orang responden. Metode penelitian ini adalah structural equation modelling (SEM). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan digital berpengaruh signifikan terhadap orientasi masa depan, manajemen keuangan, keputusan membelanjakan, dan keputusan menabung. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah pentingnya menumbuhkan literasi keuangan digital yang memengaruhi pandangan dan manajemen keuangan seseorang. Tingginya literasi keuangan digital pada Gen Z di Kota Palopo akan memberikan pengaruh positif pada ekonomi khususnya di Kota Palopo.Kata kunci: Literasi Keuangan Digital, Manajemen Keuangan, Keputusan Menabung, Keputusan Membelanjakan, Perilaku Keuangan
Pengaruh Intensitas Persediaan, Intensitas Modal, Leverage, Rasio Lancar, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Penentuan Metode Penilaian Persediaan
Authors: Digoeliandini Natasya Putri , Cahyaningdyah Permatasari
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate the factors that influence of inventory methods. In the management inventory, it is necessary to determine the right accounting. The inventory method in this study uses the FIFO and average methods, while the determining factors include capital intensity, inventory intensity, current ratio, company size, and leverage. This study uses a quantitative method, with samples of large and retail trading companies listed on the IDX. The sample selection uses purposive sampling, so that a sample of 33 companies was obtained for the period 2017-2022. Hypothesis testing uses SPSS with logistic regression techniques. The results of the study indicate that the level of leverage has significant influence of inventory valuation methods. Meanwhile, capital intensity, inventory intensity, current ratio, and company size do not influence of inventory valuation methods. Keywords: Inventory Intensity, Capital Intensity, Leverage, Current Ratio, Firm Size, Inventory Valuation MethodsABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada penentuan metode persediaan.  Dalam pengelolaan persediaan, dibutuhkan penentuan kebijakan akuntansi yang tepat. Metode persediaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode FIFO dan average, sedangkan faktor penentu meliputi intensitas modal, intensitas persediaan, rasio lancar, ukuran perusahaan, dan leverage. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dengan sampel perusahaan dagang besar dan eceran yang terdaftar di BEI. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, sehingga didapatkan sampel sejumlah 33 perusahaan periode 2017-2022. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan SPSS dengan teknik regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat leverage memiliki pengaruh terhadap penentuan metode penilaian persediaan. Adapun intensitas modal, intensitas persediaan, rasio lancar, dan ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap penentuan metode penilaian persediaan.Kata kunci: Intensitas Persediaan, Intensitas Modal, Leverage, Rasio Lancar, Ukuran Perusahaan, Metode Penilaian Persediaan
“Sinto Esperança!”
Authors: Assis Eliasaf de , Doi Doroth de Assis Schimidt
Published: October 2024

Apresentando uma pesquisa de opinião com participantes não identificados realizada em Minas Gerais, este artigo objetiva analisar como pessoas jovens matriculadas no  Ensino Médio da EJA representam sua própria juventude, seus marcadores sociais, as interrupções dos estudos e as expectativas sobre seus futuros percursos educativos e profissionais. A metodologia adotada utilizou formulários digitais e problematizou as respostas em uma análise crítica que dialogou com pesquisadoras e pesquisadores como Freire da Mota (2022), Ribeiro (2001), Di Pierro (2009), Arroyo (2003), Freire (1996) e Dayrell (2003). Dentre os resultados, constatou-se que as pessoas jovens consultadas interromperam o ensino regular por vulnerabilidades como  ingresso precoce no mundo do trabalho, necessidades familiares ou maternidade não planejada. As representações sobre juventude foram diversas e concluiu-se que as expectativas quanto ao futuro dos percursos formativos e profissionais são esperançosas.
Analisis Model Pembelajaran Memirsa Pada Siswa Kelas 1 di SD Muhammadiyah Payaman
Authors: Amaldi Fitra , Purnanto Arif Wiyat , Pradana Agrissto Bintang Aji
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang model pembelajaran memirsa. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan model pembelajaran memirsa di kelas 1 (satu) SD Muhammadiyah Payaman. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan observasi alami. Teknik penelitian menggunakan observasi non-partisipan yakni peneliti terlibat dalam pembelajaran dengan sistem shadow teacher. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pencatatan lapangan, perekaman video atau audio, wawancara singkat dan analisis dokumentasi relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran memirsa ditemukan pada beberapa mata pelajaran diantaranya Matematika, Pendidikan Pancasila dan Bahasa Jawa. Ditemukan sebanyak 30% aktivitas pembelajaran memirsa dari ketentuan yang ditetapkan pemerintah yaitu 25%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran memirsa yang diterapkan sudah baik dan memenuhi ketentuan yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini menekankan bahwa model pembelajaran memirsa penting untuk diterapkan di kelas guna meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dengan konteks visual (literasi visual) siswa. Melalui pendekatan yang tepat dilakukan oleh guru, keterampilan tersebut dapat dikembangkan oleh siswa dengan baik.
Patient Safety Incident Reporting and Learning Guidelines Implemented by Health Care Professionals in Specialized Care Units: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Gqaleni Tusiwe Mabel , Mkhize Sipho Wellington , Chironda Geldine
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Implementing Patient Safety Incident Reporting and Learning (PSIRL) guidelines is critical in guiding clinical practice and improving clinical outcomes in specialized care units (SCUs). There is limited research on the evidence of the implemented PSIRL guidelines in SCUs at the global level.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to map the evidence of PSIRL guidelines implemented by health care professionals in specialized care units globally.

METHODS

A scoping review methodology, according to Joanna Briggs Institute, was adopted. The eligibility criteria were guided by the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, with the Population including health care professionals, the Concept including PSIRL guidelines, and the Context including specialized units globally. Papers written in English were searched from relevant databases and search engines. The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist for used.

RESULTS

The 13 selected studies were published from 2003 to 2023. Most articles are from the Netherlands and Switzerland (n=3), followed by South Africa (n=2). The nature of implemented PSIRL guidelines was computer-based (n=11) and paper-based incident reporting (n=2). The reporting system was intended for all the health care professionals within the specialized units, focusing on patients, staff members, and families. The outcomes of implemented incident reporting guidelines were positive, as evidenced by improved reporting of incidents, including medication errors (n=8) and decreased rate of incidents and errors (n=4). Furthermore, 1 study showed no change (n=1) in implementing the incident reporting guidelines.

CONCLUSIONS

The implementation of reporting of patient safety incidents (PSIs) in specialized units started to be reported around 2002; however, the frequency of yearly publications remains very low. Although some specialized units are still using multifaceted interventions and paper reporting systems in reporting PSIs, the implementation of electronic and computer-based reporting systems is gaining momentum. The effective implementation of an electronic-based reporting system should extend into other units beyond critical care units, as it increases the reporting of PSIs, reducing time to make an informed reporting of PSIs and immediate accessibility to information when needed for analysis. The evidence on the implementation of PSI reporting guidelines in SCUs comes from 5 different continents (Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, and North America). However, the number identified for certain countries within each continent is very minimal.
Acoustic emission biomarkers for the detection and monitoring of early knee osteoarthritis. Protocol for a prospective, single-center, exploratory study. (Preprint)
Authors: Leuthard Louis , Thevenot Jérôme , Teijeiro Tomás , Atienza David , Stadelmann Vincent A.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent and disabling condition. In early stages, patients are asymptomatic or only experience activity-related pain. When pain intensifies, the disease has often progressed, with few treatment options besides knee arthroplasty. Recently, there has been a growing interest in acoustic emissions generated by poorly lubricated and/or damaged moving joint surfaces, as seen in OA. Non-invasive analysis of knee sound could help identify patients with early-stage OA at a low cost, without radiation exposure. Thus, preventive measures could be implemented earlier and delay the progression of osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE

This project aims to identify acoustic biomarkers with prognostic value for the early detection of OA. To achieve this, a preliminary reference database will be developed using a subpopulation at risk of developing OA, incorporating acoustic signals and gold-standard clinical measures for validation.

METHODS

100 patients with previous reconstructive knee surgery and 20 healthy controls will be examined twice at a nine-month interval for both knees. Acoustic emissions (AE) will be recorded with the inmodi knee brace during four functional tests (unloaded flexion-extension, sit-to-stand test, one-step test, and walk test). Gold-standard OA diagnostics will be assessed and evaluated by an experienced radiologist for (1) the MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) and (2) the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading scores. Feature analysis and multivariate modeling will be used to study the association between the extracted sound parameters and OA (MOAKS and KL). In addition, thermal images will be taken to investigate the state of inflammation. Participants will fill out five health-related questionnaires (Oxford Knee Score, Core Outcome Measures Index, University of California at Los Angeles activity scale, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Forgotten Joint Knee Score-12) at both time points.

RESULTS

Recruitment and data collection started in December 2022. In November 2023, data collection of all 120 participants (female: n = 49, 41%) was completed for the first visit. The data collection for the second visit will end in 2024. Preliminary data processing and analysis are currently ongoing.

CONCLUSIONS

This exploratory study will contribute to a better understanding of the disease progression of OA and the use of acoustic biomarkers for predicting OA.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06351059
The Mental Health Implications of Social Media Use in Saudi Arabian Youth: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Alamoudi Aymn , Jenkins David
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

The rapid proliferation of social media platforms has reshaped communication and social interaction, particularly among adolescents and young adults. While these platforms offer numerous advantages, their excessive use is increasingly linked to damaging mental health outcomes. This systematic review examines the impact of social media on the mental well-being of Saudi Arabian youth.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the existing literature on the relationship between social media usage and mental health, focusing on indicators such as depression, anxiety, and stress among Saudi university students.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search was conducted across several academic databases to identify relevant studies. Articles were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirteen studies met the criteria and were included in the review, emphasizing outcomes related to depression, anxiety and stress.

RESULTS

The review revealed a high prevalence of social media addiction among Saudi university students, particularly among females. Extended daily use of social media correlated with negative mental health outcomes, including increased levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness. Significant mediating factors included social isolation, disrupted sleep patterns, fear of missing out, and the pressure to maintain an idealized online persona. The pervasive influence of social media on the mental well-being of Saudi youth demands immediate and focused attention. This review highlights the necessity for digital literacy initiatives, public responsiveness campaigns, and policy regulations to encourage balanced social media usage. The findings also emphasize the urgent need for longitudinal studies and targeted interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of social media and enhance mental resilience among Saudi youth.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review elucidates the multifaceted relationship between social media use and the mental health of Saudi Arabian youth, highlighting both beneficial and detrimental outcomes. Future research should focus on examining the effects of algorithmic changes, the psychological impact of digital detoxes, and optimizing platform designs to mitigate mental health risks while encouraging positive social interactions.
Interventions to reduce serum per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) levels, improve cardiovascular risk profiles, and improve epigenetic age acceleration in U.S. firefighters: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Conner Reagan , Porter Cynthia , Lutrick Karen , Beitel Shawn C. , Hollister James , Healy Olivia , Kern Krystal J. , Wardnaar Floris C. , Gulotta John J. , Jack Kepra , Huentelman Matt , Burgess Jefferey L. , Furlong Melissa
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Occupational cancer and acute cardiac events are the leading causes of death among firefighters. Increased exposure to toxicants on the fireground, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), has been linked to certain cancers, cardiovascular disease, accelerated epigenetic aging, and other adverse health effects. PFAS are a major concern because they are persistent, can bioaccumulate, and are present in several firefighting tools. Compared to the general population, firefighters have elevated levels of serum PFAS. A randomized clinical trial in Australian firefighters found that routine blood and plasma donation for one year led to decreased serum PFAS levels, although health outcomes were not directly measured in that study.

OBJECTIVE

In collaboration with fire service leadership in Arizona, the Firefighter Collaborative Research Project (FCRP) was established to evaluate the effectiveness of three interventions in a randomized control trial design to reduce serum PFAS levels, reduce cancer and cardiovascular risk and improve overall health and wellness in United States firefighters.

METHODS

Active firefighters are recruited and randomized into a study arm based on their eligibility, including serum PFOS levels, for the specific arms. The trial arms include 1) blood and plasma donation, 2) zone 2 physical activity, and 3) intermittent fasting. FCRP outcomes include serum PFAS reduction (arm 1), epigenetic age acceleration (all arms), cardiovascular conditioning (arm 2) and cognitive outcomes (all arms), mental health (all arms), and overall disease risk (all arms). Each study arm includes an intervention and a control group. At enrollment and end of study, participants provide blood and urine samples and complete a comprehensive questionnaire on their occupational and health history, exposures, and lifestyle behaviors. At the end of study, participants also participate in a cognitive evaluation. Depending on the study arm, participants may additionally complete a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) at baseline and follow-up, a mid-study survey, and/or mid-study blood and urine collection.

RESULTS

NA

CONCLUSIONS

This study aims to recruit and enroll up to 1,500 active firefighters between August 2023 and October 2024.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05869747
Registration Date: 04/24/2023
First submitted that met QC criteria: 2023-05-17
¿Qué es un infarto cerebral, cómo detectarlo a tiempo y cómo prevenirlo?
Authors: Gasca-García Alejandro G. , Zapata-Ortega Rodolfo N.
Published: October 2024

Comunicación con el paciente
Importancia de un modelo enfocado en el paciente con hipertensión arterial
Authors: Monsalvo-Soler Dira Basemat , Morales-Segundo Alondra Monserrat
Published: October 2024

Journal Club
Mapeamento de jornada em bibliotecas universitárias: uma abordagem metodológica a partir do Design Thinking
Authors: Holanda Rebeca Josiane Alves de , Barbalho Célia Regina Simonetti , Nascimento Mateus Rebouças
Published: October 2024

Apresenta a construção de uma metodologia para o mapeamento da jornada em bibliotecas universitárias, a partir da trajetória do usuário nos serviços de informação oferecidos por esses ambientes de disseminação de saberes, como uma importante contribuição para o planejamento dessas bibliotecas. Os procedimentos metodológicos caracterizam-se pela abordagem do Design Thinking como um enfoque inovador capaz de configurar de modo mais significativo as ações da biblioteca, baseando-se em seus preceitos e em uma adaptação de estratégias aplicadas ao ambiente sistematizado das bibliotecas universitárias, configurado em cinco etapas: composição dos fundamentos teóricos, seleção do modelo a ser aplicado, definição do perfil das personas, elaboração e aplicação do instrumento, e análise. Os resultados descrevem aspectos metodológicos capazes de mapear a jornada de serviços em bibliotecas universitárias, caracterizando os processos de atendimento no chat e mídias sociais da biblioteca, autodepósito de documentos, emissão de nada consta e empréstimo de livros em duas bibliotecas universitárias. Conclui-se que o Design Thinking aplicado em bibliotecas universitárias corrobora para compreender sua função, seu papel organizacional e a perspectiva do usuário em relação aos serviços melhorando os seus processos e a prototipação oriunda de ideias no viés da inovação.
Machine Learning for Real-Time Portfolio Rebalancing: A Novel Approach to Financial Optimization
Authors: Gadde Nishant
Published: October 2024

Portfolio rebalancing is an important practice in finance, which keeps the asset allocations of an investor's portfolio in conformance with his or her risk tolerance and financial goals. Traditional rebalancing strategies are largely of a static nature, with rebalancing being periodically performed or when the portfolio valuations exceed fixed thresholds. Obviously, these methods do not take into consideration the dynamic and rapidly changing nature of financial markets, wherein the prices of various assets can change drastically due to macroeconomic events, market sentiments, and other factors. The paper now presents a novel approach in real-time portfolio rebalancing, incorporating machine learning. This model will combine reinforcement learning with neural networks and real-world market data, continuous monitoring of portfolio performance, and dynamic reallocations to optimize returns while minimizing risk. This approach will be more adaptive and responsive than traditional methods. We validate the model through extensive backtesting and simulations that show its superior performance under various market conditions: high volatility and bear markets. The results would therefore indicate that ML-driven real-time rebalancing can be the game-changing factor in modern portfolio management, and a high-end tool for investors when it comes to optimizing financial performance.
Enhancing creativity through PjBL-STEAM equipped biogeochemical cycle educational kit on ecosystem materials in junior high school
Authors: Febrianti Dina , Hamimi Erti
Published: October 2024

The 21st Century learning requires students to have innovative and creative abilities. In supporting the learning process, the project-based learning model is used through the STEAM approach. This study aimed to develop PjBL-STEAM-based aquascape biogechemical cycle edukit on ecosystem material that are valid, practical, and effective to practice creative thinking skills. This development research used the ADDIE model including: 1) analyze; 2) design; 3) develop; 4) implement; 5) evaluate. Quantitative data was obtained from the value given by the validator, the results of the practicality tests of teachers and students, as well as the results of effectiveness through pretest and posttest questions. Meanwhile, qualitative data was obtained from teacher interview, comments, and suggestions provided by the validator and the teacher on each indicator in the instrument. Data collection techniques was conducted through interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The data analysis was carried out using percentage analysis and qualitative descriptive. The results of the material validation were 98% while the media validation were 94.25%. The results of the teacher's practicality test were 100% while students were 89%. The results of pretest and posttest showed a difference. The mean results of the N-Gain score for each indicator were categorized as medium with the highest increase results, namely the elaboration indicator and the lowest increase in the flexibility indicator. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the PjBL-STEAM-based aquascape biogeochemical cycle education is very valid, practical, and effective to be use in 7th graders in ecosystem material to train the creative thinking skills.
¿Silenciar, problematizar o condenar? Análisis de noticias digitales sobre situaciones sociosanitarias en el interior de Santiago del Estero, Argentina
Authors: Silveti Laurencia , Pereyra Horacio , Hoyos Nadia Patricia , Santillán Selene Danahe
Published: October 2024

En el presente artículo analizamos los abordajes de los medios digitales sobre las necesidades y demandas sociosanitarias de comunidades residentes en zonas rurales, remotas y desatendidas de Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Desde un diseño cualitativo y una perspectiva teórica que vincula comunicación en salud y pensamiento crítico en salud, construimos un corpus de 27 noticias publicadas entre 2016 y 2023, que clasificamos en tres dimensiones, y analizamos su contenido. Los resultados permiten identificar acciones de resistencia y organización frente a la ausencia de respuestas institucionales sociosanitarias, particularmente ante los efectos en salud de la exposición a pesticidas y disciplinamientos sobre la salud sexual y (no) reproductiva. Concluimos que la construcción de relatos periodísticos refleja procesos de subalternización y resistencia y disputas de sentidos relativos a los posicionamientos de diferentes actores sociales. Sobre estos registros, visibilizamos los modos en que los medios ponen en agenda problemas sociosanitarios de comunidades vulneradas.
When Was Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos Born?
Authors: Kovács István
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the  birth date of Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos, analyzing conflicting accounts of historical sources. The sources provide two primary narratives: the eulogies of Theodore Prodromos and Michael Italikos, which align Manuel's birth with his father John II Komnenos’ ascension in 1118, and the account of John Kinnamos, who suggests a birth year around 1122, based on Manuel's age during the Battle of Neokaisareia. This analysis is further enriched by examining the feast days of several saints named Stephen, as referenced by Prodromos. The paper seeks to reconcile these divergent perspectives, exploring the implications of each for our understanding of Manuel's life and reign. The study underscores the challenges in Byzantine historiography, where historical facts intertwine with literary motifs.