bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Жесткокрылые (Insecta, Coleoptera), собранные в светоловушку на Куршской косе: материалы шестого сезона
Authors: Alekseev V.I. , Shapoval A.P.
Published: June 2019

В течение полевого сезона 2018 г. на территории национального парка «Куршская коса» светоловушкой, установленной на полевом стационаре «Фрингилла» Биологической станции Зоологического института РАН, собран богатый материал по жесткокрылым насекомым. Всего в экотонной зоне между белыми дюнами и средневозрастным сосняком было отловлено 10719 особей имаго Coleoptera, причисленных к 173 видам, 118 родам, 30 семейств отряда. Семь видов указывается впервые для Калининградской области: Hygrotus polonicus (Aubé, 1842), Berosus spinosus (Steven, 1808), Bledius tricornis (Herbst, 1784), Platystethus arenarius (Geoffroy, 1785), Atheta boletophila (Thomson, 1856), Euplectus piceus Motschulsky, 1835 и Telmatophilus schoenherrii (Gyllenhal, 1808). Рассчитаны экологические индексы биоразнообразия. Приведено сравнение результатов с методически и локально аналогичным отловом 2011 года. Отдельно проанализированы материалы по мраморному хрущу (Polyphylla fullo). Установлено, что количество самцов, прилетающих на свет значительно больше, чем самок. Самцы демонстрируют резкое различие частот двух вариантов окраски с явным и стабильным преобладанием темной вариации над светлой (2:1), частота окрасок самок одинакова.
Флора заказника регионального значения «Таволжанский» (Тюменская область)
Authors: Kapitonova O.A.
Published: June 2019

По материалам исследований 2016 и 2018 гг. обновлен список флоры сосудистых растений заказника регионального значения «Таволжанский» (Сладковский район, Тюменская область), входящего в состав водно-болотного угодья международного значения «Тоболо-Ишимская лесостепь». Выявленная флора включает 228 видов сосудистых растений из 154 родов и 47 семейств. В составе флоры 101 вид является новым для территории заказника, 37 видов являются новыми для Сладковского района. Приводится конспект выявленной флоры с указанием обилия и встречаемости видов. В пределах исследованной территории выявлено произрастание 8 охраняемых в Тюменской области видов растений, дана оценка состояния их популяций. Предложено расширить территорию заказника с включением в него всей акватории оз. Соленое, в пределах которой расположен остров Таволжан, что будет способствовать сохранению популяций не только охраняемых видов растений, но и водоплавающих и околоводных птиц.
Глобальные данные о биоразнообразии Алтайской горной страны, представленные в мировых научных депозитариях
Authors: Vaganov A.V. , Shmakov A.I. , Gudkova P.D.
Published: June 2019

Алтайская горная страна (АГС) является самым высоким поднятием Северной Азии, уровень её биоразнообразия в три раза богаче Западно-Сибирской равнины. Биоразнообразие АГС исследуется на протяжении 200 лет. При этом, наибольший объем собранного материала по АГС приходится на последние 30 лет с момента начала детального изучения флоры и фауны Алтайской горной страны специалистами Алтайского государственного университета (Барнаул) В данном исследовании произведено ботанико-географическое районирование открытыми ГИС-системами (GeoJSON) территории АГС и выявлен список из 42 мировых научных депозитариев, содержащих информацию о находках животных, растений и грибов АГС, размещенных в глобальной информационной системе по биоразнообразию GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility). Полученная информация служит основой для систематиков-исследователей флоры и фауны территории АГС для поиска фондов хранения материалов по изучаемым объектам, а также знакомством с их цифровой копией дистанционным способом. Описанный алгоритм является эффективным и может быть применен для других территорий.
Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases among patients with diabetes mellitus according to the federal diabetes register of the Russian Federation (2013–2016)
Authors: Kalashnikov Viktor Y. , Vikulova Olga K. , Zheleznyakova Anna V. , Isakov Mikhail А. , Bondarenko Irina Z. , Shestakova Marina V. , Dedov Ivan I.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death for patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).
AIMS: To evaluate the CVD epidemiology: coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI) and cerebrovascular diseases in adult patients with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes, compare dynamics with data of implementation of the Federal Program Diabetes mellitus in 20072012 and over the online period 20132016.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The database of the Federal Diabetes register (81 regions at 12.2017). We estimated prevalence and incidence rates/10 thousand (th) adult DM patients over 18 years.
RESULTS: The prevalence of CVD for the period 2007 2016 significant decreased in CHD for T1DM from 14,9% to 3,5%, for T2DM from 20,1% to 11,7%; MI for T1DM from 5,7% to 1,3%, for T2DM from 7,6% to 3,5%; cerebrovascular diseases for T1DM from 4,9% to 1,7%, for T2DM from 7,6% to 4,3%, respectively. In 20132016 positive trends continued: MI for T1DM 8,25,9/10th patients, for T2DM 19,214,7/10th patients, respectively; CVD for T1DM 11,310,5, for T2DM 29,425,4/10th patients, respectively. There was a large heterogeneity of the prevalence of CVD in the regions. MI varied in patients for T1DM from 319/10 th patients to absence, for T2DM from 800 to 7/10 th patients; the development of cerebrovascular diseases for T2DM from 900 to less than 100/10 th patients, which is largely due to differences in their registration. A small number of cases may be due to insufficient filling of the database, the facts of a huge number require further analysis. The average age of development of MI had increased: for T1DM 51,253 years, for T2DM 63,565 years, cerebrovascular diseases for T1DM 52,352.5 years, for T2DM 65,266,5, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CVD significantly decreased in the Russian Federation compared to 20072012, as well as for the period 20132016: the prevalence of CHD and cerebrovascular diseases declined, the number of new cases of MI decreased, the average age and duration of DM before the development of CVD significantly increased. These data reflect the results of the program for improvement medical care and prevention measures for patients with diabetes.
Review of the results of the EASYDia international observational study. The effect of dose titration of diabeton MR on the effectiveness of treatment of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Trubitsyna Natalia Р. , Shestakova Marina V.
Published: June 2019

Although the number of antihyperglycemic agents has expanded significantly, sulfonylureas (in particular gliclazide MR) remain an important option in the treatment algorithms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). A large observational international study EASYDia in real clinical practice, assessing effectiveness of gliclazide MR 60 mg in patients with long-term DM2 on standard glucose-lowering therapy, showed that step-by-step intensification of therapy with gliclazide MR 60mg allows to achieve and maintain the target values of glycemia, with good tolerability even in maximum doses, low risk of hypoglycemia and no weight gain.
A inserção da música na escola: processos e resultados de uma pesquisa
Authors: Lopardo Carla Eugenia
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo apresento minha tese de doutorado a qual teve como propósito observar, analisar e discutir os caminhos que uma escola particular na região sul do Brasil percorre ao implementar a Lei 11.769/08, a qual tornava obrigatório o ensino da música nas escolas, em todos os seus níveis de ensino. O método escolhido, desde uma abordagem qualitativa, foi o estudo de caso e as técnicas de produção de dados foram a entrevista semiestruturada, a observação participante, os diários de campo e as discussões com grupos focais. Na realização desta pesquisa procurei compreender os processos e as linhas de ação colocadas em prática desde os primeiros passos da inserção da música na escola e, posteriormente, analisar os impactos dessa inserção no contexto escolar. A partir dos achados desta investigação observei determinados elementos vinculados à inovação escolar: a disposição para a mudança, o envolvimento de/com cada uma das dimensões da escola e a presença de uma gestão democrática participativa, atravessando por situações de adaptação, ajuste, reflexão e avaliação sobre os reflexos da presença da música no dia a dia dessa escola.
Vestígios, ruínas e fotografias... ou sobre alguns acontecimentos da imagem
Authors: Venâncio Rubens
Published: June 2019

Este artigo traz algumas reflexões sobre o trabalho com a memória em suas manifestações poéticas por meio da fotografia, a partir da criação do ensaio fotográfico "iminências", realizado em três locais do Ceará e composto por duas coleções: "lugar-ruína" e "lugar-memória". Para tanto, adotei a ideia de "memória-montagem" que, junto a um fazer conceitual e artístico, possibilitou o entrelaçamento entre memória, esquecimento e ruína.
Violentar o Corpo da Imagem: uma estratégia para representar e resistir à barbárie
Authors: Schenkel Camila Monteiro
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre a representação e a problematização da violência em trabalhos de arte contemporânea, tomando como fio condutor "Postais para Charles Lynch", do coletivo Garapa. Na obra, o grupo provoca falhas e ruídos em frames extraídos de vídeos de linchamentos para velar sua reprodução explícita e, simultaneamente, violar o corpo da imagem. Por meio da análise desse trabalho, da realização de entrevistas com os artistas e do diálogo com reflexões desenvolvidas por Joan Fontcuberta, Hito Steyerl e Jacques Rancière, procura-se investigar a presença e a circulação de imagens de suplício público do corpo no contexto da cultura digital, assim como o potencial da arte para ressignificá-las.
“Dois Momentos Nordestinos” de Calimério Soares: estruturas composicionais e propostas interpretativas
Authors: Vianna Rosiane Lemos
Published: June 2019

Este texto apresenta meu roteiro interpretativo para os “Dois Momentos Nordestinos” de Calimério Soares (1944-2011), indicando uma condução para a construção da performance com base na reflexão estrutural e imagética do texto musical.  As descrições de imagens foram inspiradas nos rituais do nordeste brasileiro, em especial aos que acontecem na Chapada Diamantina. Segundo a proposta analítica, o compositor apresenta uma estrutura orgânica ao equilibrar a estrutura rítmico-melódica, densidade, efeitos harmônicos, consonâncias e dissonâncias e efeitos de dinâmica. O discurso musical se dinamiza através de tratamentos motívicos contrastantes e bem dimensionados nos “Dois Momentos Nordestinos”, “Lamento e Dança”
A palhaçaria hospitalar como conjunto de técnicas e sensibilidades : entrevista com Luciana Viacava
Authors: Brum Daiani Cezimbra
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho trata-se da transcrição de uma entrevista cedida pela atriz e palhaça Luciana Viacava, bem como de uma apresentação de sua pessoa artística e sobre sua instituição de trabalho, a Organização Não Governamental (ONG) Doutores da Alegria. Na entrevista a artista reflete sobre seu processo como palhaça que atua em contextos hospitalares. Quais são os desafios desta contemporânea e crescente manifestação cênica? Quais são as diferenças e semelhanças entre a atuação das palhaças e dos palhaços no contexto hospitalar e em outros espaços da sociedade? Essas e outras questões são abordadas por Luciana Viacava, que ao tecer estas palavras, teve como pano de fundo as suas experiências pessoais enquanto palhaça e artista da comicidade, o seu mundo vivido.
Saberes Docentes relacionados às Tecnologias na formação de professores de Música
Authors: Da Fonseca Barros Matheus Henrique , Galdino de Almeida Cristiane Maria
Published: June 2019

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado cujo objetivo foi compreender como os saberes relacionados às tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) são construídos pelos professores da licenciatura em música. Os participantes da pesquisa foram três docentes indicados pelos estudantes. Os dados analisados qualitativamente indicaram que os saberes docentes relacionados às TDIC são construídos por professores Imigrantes Digitais, propiciando uma visão e prática instrumentalistas da tecnologia, que reconhecem sua importância no processo de formação inicial docente em música. Os saberes construídos, em sua maioria, podem ser considerados experienciais e resultam da formação inicial dos docentes, das demandas do corpo discente, constituído por Nativos Digitais, e da documentação que fundamenta suas práticas.
A queda do céu: representação e mímesis em uma "arte índia"
Authors: Lima Pedro ernesto freitas
Published: June 2019

Pelo menos desde 2010, Moacir dos Anjos tem realizado curadorias de exposições de artes visuais nas quais, partindo de motes literários, discute com produções artísticas a situação de determinados discursos subalternos sob uma perspectiva pós-colonial. Entre elas, A queda do céu, realizada no Paço das Artes em São Paulo no ano de 2015 parte de obra homônima escrita pelo yanomami Davi Kopenawa junto ao antropólogo francês Bruce Albert para tratar da "questão indígena" e reivindicar o reconhecimento de uma produção artística no Brasil comprometida em trazer essa questão para o campo do sensível como "arte índia". Pretendemos discutir aqui como a curadoria aciona procedimentos de representação e mímesis, recorrentes em muitas obras, de modo a construir seu argumento político a partir de diálogos com a obra de difícil classificação de Kopenawa e Albert.
PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM CORPORATE SOSIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) DAN KOMUNIKASI CSR
Authors: Nurjanah Adhianty , Nurnisya Frizki Yulianti
Published: June 2019

Saat ini kesadaran perusahaan akan keharusan bertanggungjawab secara sosial, berlaku etis dan transparan dalam menjalankan bisnisnya melalui implementasi program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) semakin meningkat. Mengkomunikasikan program CSR kepada  stakeholder menjadi tahapan penting dalam implementasi program CSR. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi program CSR dan komunikasi CSR perusahaan di dua negara yaitu PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk Cilacap Plant Indonesia dan Delegation of the European Union to Malaysia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dan termasuk kedalam jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program CSR PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk Cilacap Plant Indonesia dan Delegation of the European Union to Malaysia dilakukan dengan cara memberikan dukungan dalam kegiatan pengembangan masyarakat (community development) melalui capacity building berupa pemberian pelatihan dan pendampingan di bidang pendidikan, kesehatan dan lingkungan serta pemberian bantuan modal usaha di bidang ekonomi / UMKM. Dalam implementasi program CSR, kegiatan komunikasi menjadi hal penting untuk dilakukan. PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk Cilacap Plant Indonesia dan Delegation of the European Union to Malaysia mengkomunikasikan program CSR kepada masyarakat penerima manfaat program dengan komunikasi dua arah (two way communication) dengan komunikasi dialogis antar perusahaan dan masyarakat. Dengan demikian bagi  PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk Cilacap Plant Indonesia CSR merupakan kontribusi perusahaan mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan meningkatkan reputasi positif perusahaan di mata stakeholdernya. Bagi Delegation of the European Union to Malaysia CSR merupakan upaya perusahaan membangun masyarakat dan menciptakan visibilitas perusahaan.
RELASI BONDING DALAM MASYARAKAT BINAAN CSR (Studi Deskriptif Interpretif Relasi Sosial Masyarakat Binaan CSR PT Pertamina RU II Sungai Pakning di Kabupaten Bengkalis)
Authors: Widhagdha Miftah Faridl
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini beranjak dari terbatasnya kajian CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) yang berorientasi pada masyarakat penerima manfaat yang ada di Indonesia. Teori yang diadaptasi dalam penelitian ini adalah teori modal sosial yang dikemukakan oleh Woolcock & Narayan. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif interpretif model Neuman. Penelitian ini menelaah bentuk modal sosial dalam bentuk relasi sosial bonding yang ada di masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa relasi bonding terdapat dalam pola-pola relasi dalam masyarakat binaan yang menunjukkan bahwa ikatan intra kelompok penting untuk diperhatikan guna menjaga kekompakan kelompok. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk relasi sosial bonding memiliki dampak yang penting terhadap pelaksanaan CSR di suatu perusahaan. Relasi ini penting untuk dijaga melalui kegiatan komunikasi dialogis yang bertujuan untuk pembangunan yang dilakukan melalui cara-cara yang lebih intensif, terbuka dan partisipatif guna melahirkan relasi sosial yang sehat dan berkelanjutan.
Komunikasi Fatik Komunitas Public speaking dalam Persuasi Kompetensi Komunikasi
Authors: Rakhmawati Yuliana
Published: June 2019

Inadequate communication competence among some participants in communication might perform as an obstacle in delivering and receiving messages. This physiological problem was the reason underlying the establishment of public speaking community in Trunojoyo University of Madura. The community educates and enhances members’ interests and talents related to their communication competence. This study aims to gain an understanding of the methods used by the public speaking community in initiating members' communication competences. This research approaches phenomena in the perspective of a constructivist paradigm. The research method uses qualitative descriptive approach. Primary data collection is done by interviewing management and community members. Secondary data is obtained by using intertextuality from the literatures. Triangulation methods are carried out by observing community activities. The results showed that phatic communication was used in the public speaking community to persuade the affective dimensions of developing communication competencies among members. It is in addition to the context of delivering educational and intellectual material as well as for developing emotional closeness between members in the community. The discussion used perspective of the theory of interpersonal communication, phatic communication, and communication competence. This research could be the initial literature in the study of communication competencies and phatic communication. Further research can examine the dimensions of communication competence in contributing to the effectiveness of communication in the positivistic paradigm
Pengaruh Iklan Web Series SPace # "Kenapa Belum Nikah?" Terhadap Brand Awareness JD.ID
Authors: Dewi Yaasmiin Larasati
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh iklan web series Space #  “Kenapa Belum Nikah?” terhadap brand awareness JD.ID. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel independent yaitu iklan web series, dengan dimensi multimedia, pictures, dan content. Dan variabel dependent yaitu brand awareness, dengan dimensi unaware of brand, brand recognition, brand recall, dan top of mind. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dengan teknik analisis data deksriptif, uji normalitas, uji regresi linier sederhana, koefisien determinasi, dan uji hipotesis. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Probability Sampling, yaitu Simple Random Sampling, dan menggunakan rumus unknown populations, dengan jumlah 100 responden. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukan bahwa iklan web series Space # “Kenapa Belum Nikah?” memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap brand awareness JD.ID, hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan t hitung (6.168) > t tabel (1.290), dan hasil koefisien determinasi menunjukan bahwa iklan web series Space # “Kenapa Belum Nikah?” memiliki pengaruh sebesar 27.98% terhadap brand awareness JD.ID. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa iklan web series tidak bisa berdiri sendiri dalam meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap suatu merek, tetapi membutuhkan faktor lainnya, seperti slogan dan jingle sebagai elemen pendukungnya.
PRESENTASI DIRI BEAUTY INFLUENCER ABEL CANTIKA MELALUI YOUTUBE CHANNEL
Authors: Putri Dhita Widya
Published: June 2019

Youtube sebagai media sosial telah menjadi sarana untuk mendapatkan informasi dan referensi. Seiring dengan meningkatnya kesadaran wanita akan penampilan, maka salah satu dari beragam konten media yang diminati di Youtube adalah konten tentang kecantikan. Abel Cantika, seorang pengisi konten kecantikan di Youtube atau bisa disebut beauty influencer, dalam waktu relatif singkat yaitu satu tahun, sudah bisa meraih jumlah pelanggan sebesar 150 ribu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan Abel Cantika sebagai beauty influencer dalam memanfaatkan kanal Youtube untuk mempresentasikan diri, sehingga bisa diminati banyak orang. Dengan teori Dramaturgi oleh Erving Goffman, maka penelitian ini difokuskan pada panggung depan yang ditampilkan Abel Cantika di Youtube. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan kualitatif secara deskriptif melalui wawancara mendalam, dan dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Abel Cantika menampilkan jati dirinya yang asli, dan tidak menjadi diri orang lain, sehingga hasil presentasi diri yang muncul di Youtube bisa maksimal.
Ownership (Lost) and Corporate Control: An Enterprise Entity Perspective
Authors: Biondi Yuri
Published: June 2019

In recent decades, advocates of the shareholder value perspective regarding corporations have depicted the shareholding investor as the owner of the corporation and the entrepreneur proprietor of corporate activity. Political discourse and regulatory frameworks keep imagining that one single subject or legal person holds the whole bundle of rights and responsibilities related to corporate investment, management and control. This subject would be the shareholding investor (acting as the owner of the corporation), while the bundle would be embodied in the one kind of security issued by the corporation, that is, the share.

As a matter of fact, corporate practice shows fundamental disconnection between equity investment, enterprise management and corporate control. Over time, three main legal-economic innovations have featured this disconnection: (i) the very introduction of the corporate legal form; (ii) the working of corporate groups and financial intermediaries; and (iii) the overwhelming web of contractual arrangements and financial derivatives which characterise business affairs of listed companies and equity markets nowadays.

In this context, this article argues that an ownership view of corporate activity misleads understanding and undermines efforts to enforce corporate sustainability, responsibility and accountability. Ownership and market are insufficient to assure this enforcement, while ownership sovereignty is irremediably lost. Insisting on such misunderstanding would result in facilitating if not favouring structuring opportunities to circumvent control and responsibility, including through regulatory avoidance.

Instead, an enterprise entity view may comprehend the corporate activity (of which the corporation is one possible legal form, often embedded in a more complex legal structure involving an enterprise group) as an organisation and an institution which responds to and must submit to a variety of inside and outside checks and balances, with a view to assuring its consistent and continued role in business and society. From this systemic perspective, consolidated accounting and disclosure may represent a fundamental element of the institutional system of protection. In particular, a comprehensive accounting system – based upon economic substance (rather than legal form) – may make enterprise groups accountable for their ongoing activities to stakeholders (including shareholders), human community and nature.
On the Economic Value of Signals
Authors: Bagh Adib , Kusunose Yoko
Published: June 2019

We provide sufficient conditions for the economic value of a signal to be a convex function, either locally or globally, of the input required to produce the signal. We also provide conditions under which this input can be interpreted as a measure of the information contained in this signal. We demonstrate that, under certain conditions, information is a very peculiar good that can—globally—show increasing marginal utility. In contrast to the earlier approach used to obtain the classic results on the local lack of concavity of the value of information, our approach allows permits the investigation of concavity (or lack) of the function representing the value of information, without imposing any conditions of differentiability on this function. Our approach also allows us to show that the marginal value of information can be zero even at an informative signal. Finally, we discuss some of the difficulties that can arise in designing price discrimination schemes for selling signals with various levels of quality.
Procurement management in construction: study of Czech municipalities
Authors: Hanak Tomas , Korytarova Jana
Published: June 2019

Efficient spending of public money is a crucial requirement of public procurement. This requirement is even more important in the case of public works contracts since construction projects are usually very costly. Accordingly, public authorities should manage the procurement process in an efficient way. The aim of this paper is to analyse municipal procurement practices focusing on small-scale public contracts for construction works. The Czech Republic is the study area for this analysis. Data concerning procurement practices were collected through a questionnaire survey and on the basis of available internal municipal directives that govern the procurement process. The results show that a majority of municipalities use internal directives and specify financial categories for small-scale public contracts. It has also been found that the majority of municipalities contract external consulting companies for specific contracts or subsidised public contracts. Directives usually concern the issue of responsibility and the approval procedure related to the public contract. Based on the research findings, general recommendations for awarding public contracts have been formulated. These findings can potentially contribute to the dissemination of best practices among contracting authorities in the Czech Republic.
Generational and Intergenerational Care and Mobility Networks in Kosovo
Authors: Latifi Tahir
Published: June 2019

Generational and intergenerational relations are established according to family patterns, sociocultural, economic, and institutional backgrounds. In the case of Kosovo, where welfare is poor, and economic activity rates are low, kinship ties are very strong. Under these conditions, the state and the market are failing to provide social security to Kosovo’s citizens. In such a situation, solidarity and intergenerational relations play a vital role in keeping families intact and maintaining social cohesion. In this article, however, I point out that strong kinship ties may also have a negative effect—creating a form of distrust of state institutions, and thus weakening the state and the market. Or this could make the state ‘lazy’. The research outlined here is mainly based on data collected during fieldwork conducted in the years 2011-2015 in a village in western Kosovo.
Precarious Retirement for Ageing Albanian (Return) Migrants
Authors: Duci Veronika , Dhembo Elona , Vathi Zana
Published: June 2019

Return migration and pension benefits are crucial for ageing migrants whose migration project takes a significant turn due to circumstances in the receiving country. A significant number of migrants have recently returned to Albania from Greece due to the financial crisis and are struggling to start a new life. A number of those remaining in Greece wish to retire upon return to Albania, or prefer to remain in Greece if they manage to retire there. Problems arise because of the lack of portability of social security benefits from Greece to Albania. This article looks at the policy and legal frameworks of migration and the national social security system, aiming to identify the existing gaps in the policy and legislative configurations of the two countries. It appears that significant policy inconsistencies and gaps have serious implications for ageing returned migrants and also for those remaining in the host country (Greece), indicating an urgent need to address these difficulties at a transnational policy level.
Starting Early with Language Learning. Enhancing Human Capital and Improving the Integration of Migrant Families in the Danube Region. Examples from Bavaria
Authors: Skoglund Ekaterina , Bretthauer Astrid
Published: June 2019

Germany is an important destination for migrants from other European countries. That is particularly true of the Danube region, a European Union (EU) macroregion with deep economic and historical interconnections. Immigrants tend to be younger than the average of the German population, with children accounting for 15% of all migrants. The authors start with a short overview of the theoretical and empirical literature on preschool and early education as a tool for acquisition by immigrant children of the host country’s language. The focus is then shifted to the policy sphere, with the example of Germany and in particular the federal state of Bavaria, in the context of the challenges and best practices used to tackle the integration of such children. The article considers Regensburg, the fourth-largest city in the State of Bavaria, and the Landkreis (district) Kelheim to the southwest of Regensburg as case studies to illustrate the similarities and differences of their municipal approaches to the promotion of German language acquisition by immigrant children and their parents.
Az ösztrogénmetabolizmus várandósság alatt
Authors: Kovács Krisztián , Vásárhelyi Barna , Gyarmati Béla , Karvaly Gellért
Published: June 2019

Abstract:

The extensive metabolism of estrogen hormones, where oxidized forms, structural isomers and conjugated products appear in many tissues locally as well as in systemic circulation, is believed to be associated with a number of diseases. Targeted estrogen metabolomic studies have been largely associated with postmenopausal, malignant advert immune conditions. Although the role of estriol in maintaining pregnancy and the biological activity of estrogen metabolites is known, a relatively small number of publications have addressed the formation and transformation of these compounds during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to present in detail the formation and progression of estrogen metabolites during pregnancy and to summarize the knowledge of their role in undesirable processes occurring during gestation. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(26): 1007–1014.
Ellenőrző lista hatása a légútbiztosítás korai szövődményeire felnőttekben
Authors: Szűcs Zoltán Pál , Farkas János , Schimert Péter , Baranyai Zsolt , Dinya Elek
Published: June 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Airway management is an integral part of general anaesthesia, which may lead to severe short- and long-term complications. Aim: We assessed whether the application of a checklist for the steps of airway management reduces the number of complications in our institute. Method: In our observational, prospective, controlled study we made a checklist and a data collection sheet. Each airway management was performed for one month without the checklist and then for one month in the possession of the checklist. We evaluated the outcome of airway maneuvers and the occurrence of related early complications before and after the introduction of the checklist. The primary endpoint was the incidence of unexpected difficult airway. The secondary endpoints were difficult intubation, successful first intubation, aspiration, cardiac arrest, post-induction hypotension and desaturation, soft tissues/teeth injuries. Our results were also corrected for factors that affect the risk of complications (urgency of interventions, medical experience). Results: We did not find any difference in the frequency of acute complications before the introduction of the checklist (n = 439) and during the subsequent period (n = 423). At the primary endpoint (7.29% and 6.14%), there was no substantive difference (1.15%, 95% CI: –2.26%–4.56%, p = 0.5). No differences were found regarding the secondary and other endpoints. Following the correction of risk factors, there was no impact of the checklist on the incidence of complications. Conclusion: The introduction of the checklist in itself did not result in a significant change in the risk of short-term complications of airway management in our institution. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(26): 1025–1035.
Emlőrák miatti szervmegtartó műtétek reszekciós széleinek vizsgálata. Multicentrikus retrospektív elemzés
Authors: Fakan Bernadett , Baranyi Eszter , Horváth Réka , Kálmán Endre , Kulka Janina , Tölgyesi Katalin , Török Miklós , Udvarhelyi Nóra , Zombori Tamás , Cserni Gábor
Published: June 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Breast conserving surgery for breast cancer requires the analysis of surgical margins. If the tumor is not removed completely, additional treatments (reoperation, boost irradiation) are generally recommended. Aim: To analyze the information content of histopathology reports on surgical margins in consecutive cases of breast conservation for invasive female breast cancer, to evaluate the frequency of incompletely removed tumors and to estimate the rate of further treatments after incomplete removal. Method: Analysis of margin related data of consecutive histopathology reports from 8 Hungarian pathology units with locoregional treatment related data in case of unsafe margins. Results: 386 reports were analyzed after exclusions. 200 and 32 cases were identified as having unsafe margins according to the previous (<5 mm) and the new (0 mm) definition of unclear margin, respectively. Unsafe margins were more common with lobular carcinomas. Specimens with clear margins weighed more. Reoperations for unsafe margins were performed in 43/180 and 12/22 cases according to the previous and the new definitions, respectively. Only 75/137 patients without reoperation received boost irradiation of the tumor bed; information on boost radiotherapy was often missing. Residual cancer was identified in 15/43 reoperated patients, of whom 9 had >0 mm margin distance. Conclusions: Some pathology reports lack information on surgical margins. Unsafe margin rates decreased with the new definition. Residual cancer may be left behind in case of clear margins with no ink on tumor. Neither reoperation, nor boost radiotherapy is given to some patients with unclear surgical margins. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(26): 1036–1044.
Determination of Cocaine by Square Wave Voltammetry with Carbon Paste Electrodes
Authors: Pedro Henrique Barros Oliva  , Juliana Midori Toia Katayama  , Érica Naomi Oiye  , Bruno Ferreira  , Maria Fernanda Ribeiro  , Antônio José Ipólito  , José Fernando de Andrade  , Marcelo Firmino de Oliveira
Published: June 2019

We compare the electrochemical behavior of cocaine hydrochloride (in acidic medium) and its free base form (in acetonitrile) by a simple, cheap, and fast square wave voltammetry method for cocaine analysis based on carbon paste electrodes without chemical modification. The electrodes performed better than the electrodes obtained for analysis on commercial screen-printed electrodes, which we also tested here. We conducted the analyses in aqueous solution containing 0.1 mol/L NH4ClO4 as supporting electrolyte. For cocaine in acidic medium, the linear correlation coefficient, the LOD, and the LOQ were 0.996, 4.66 10^(-6) mol/L, and 1.55 10^(-5) mol/L, respectively. For cocaine in acetonitrile medium, the linear correlation coefficient, the LOD, and the LOQ were 0.994, 9.77 10^(-6) mol/L, and 3.26 10^(-5) mol/L, respectively. The specificity of the methodology is advantageous when the response of different interfering substances analyzed in this work (lidocaine, procaine, caffeine and phenacetine) is concerned.
О книге Л. Грэхэма и тульских оружейниках
Authors: Герасимов Григорий Иванович
Published: June 2019

Цитирование: Герасимов Г.И. (2019) О книге Л. Грэхэма и тульских оружейниках // Мир России. Т. 28. № 3. С. 176–186. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-3-176-186

В статье рассматриваются отдельные (в известной мере ошибочные) положения работы Лорена Грэхэма «Сможет ли Россия конкурировать? История инноваций в царской, советской и современной России», которые широко используются отечественными авторами. Также критическому анализу подвергается «“скачкообразная” российская модель технологического развития», обоснованная Л. Грэхэмом, в частности, на примере Тульского оружейного завода. Автор статьи на основе исследований, посвященных истории тульского оружейного производства, приводит примеры неправомерных манипуляций Л. Грэхэма историческим материалом, а также прямых фальсификаций с целью скорректировать события и приходит к выводу, что реальная история Тульского оружейного завода не подтверждает ни теорию Л. Грэхэма, ни его предположения о техническом и технологическом отставании Тульского оружейного завода, приведшего к поражению в Крымской войне 1853–1856 гг. Многие факты из истории тульского оружейного производства, которыми Л. Грэхэм обосновывает свою модернизационную теорию и ее необходимость для России, на поверку оказываются искаженными. Предложения Л. Грэхэма, направленные на ликвидацию технического и технологического отставания России от Запада, сводятся к необходимости принятия западного либерально-демократического пути развития. Однако история России свидетельствует, что каждый раз, когда в нашей стране побеждал либерализм, она вместо ожидаемого движения вперед либо скатывалась в пучину диктатуры (период сталинского правления), либо распадалась, а ее экономика деградировала, как это случилось в 1990-е годы. Автор статьи делает вывод, что «модернизационный транзит» непригоден для России и ее народов: нашей стране нужна своя оригинальная теория развития, базирующаяся на достоверных фактах и собственном мировоззренческом фундаменте.
О полимотивации врачей: уроки реформ
Authors: Чирикова Алла Евгеньевна
Published: June 2019

Цитирование: Чирикова А.Е. (2019) О полимотивации врачей: уроки реформ // Мир России. Т. 28. № 3. С. 6–26. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-3-6-26

Настоящая статья базируется на материалах эмпирического исследования мотивации врачей и векторах ее изменений в условиях реформирования системы российского здравоохранения. Исследование проводилось методом интервью. В качестве эмпирической базы исследования выступили главные и рядовые врачи из нескольких медицинских организаций Москвы. Всего нами было проведено 37 интервью с руководителями и врачами медицинских организаций трех разных типов: в Федеральном институте, в двух городских клинических больницах скоровспомощного профиля и двух городских поликлиниках (центральной и ее филиале). Анализ мотивационной иерархии, характерной для врачебного сообщества, убедительно показал, что мотивация врачей представляет собой сложное и подвижное образование, и это свидетельствует о выраженности феномена полимотивации у врачей.  Важно, что в мотивационной иерархии врачей материальные стимулы имеют большое, но не единственное значение, которое выражается врачами весьма точно – «не только деньги». Реформы, которые сейчас проводятся в московской медицине, частично учитывают этот факт. Однако чтобы эти результаты имели больший эффект, необходимо не просто повышать заработную плату, но контролировать оснащенность аппаратурой, организационную перестройку работы врачей, перейти от системы хаотичной организации системы профессионального развития к ее целенаправленной реализации. Именно профессиональный рост, согласно полученным результатам, может оказаться тем долгосрочным мотивационным фактором, в отношении которого (в отличие от денег) нет привыкания.
Conformity of Higher Education with Requirements of Digital Natives
Authors: Bazylevych V. , Osetskyi V. , Tatomur I.
Published: June 2019

The paper explores stages that teaching followed in its revolutionizing transitions from Education 1.0 to Education 4.0. The study presents a detailed analysis of the scientific approaches, which economists used in examining the influence of digital technologies on the behaviour of young people and on identifying a generation of children as “digital natives” who grew up in the era of informational changes. An assessment of traits inherent in the new generation of young people has been used as a basis for carrying out a comparative analysis of the features of “digital natives” with the distinctiveness of “digital immigrants.” The study identified factors that contributed to a growing number of “digital immigrants” in developing and least developed countries. The notions of “digital cowboys” and “digital nomads” are considered in terms of their recent appearance in the academic market. Countries with the highest share of “digital natives” comprise the high-income and above-average income countries, the countries with very high levels of general Internet penetration, the countries with top ICT Development Index (IDI), and the countries with a relatively high proportion of young people. Solutions are proposed to support “digital natives” in their educational aspirations and narrow the gap between them and “digital immigrants”.
Indicators of Evaluating Productivity and Frugality of Usage of Budget Funds by Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Didyk A. , Pogorelov Y.
Published: June 2019

There are existing approaches to evaluate the results of higher education institutions activity described in the article. Legislative basis of the task of evaluating productivity and frugality of using budget funds by higher education institutions is built. Content of notions “productivity” and “frugality” concerning usage of budget funds is specified. To evaluate productivity and frugality of usage of budget funds by higher education institutions necessary instrumental tools are formed. They contain requirements for indicators, descriptive and phenomenological approaches, structural and matrix methods. Some requirements for indicators to evaluate productivity and frugality of usage of budget funds by higher education institutions are suggested. They are informational adequacy, content stability, coherence, quantitative form, simplicity of calculation, unambiguousness of calculation, ability to find primary data for calculation etc. There are main kinds of activity of higher education institutions considered to evaluate productivity and frugality of usage of budget funds. They are educational, innovative, scientific, and methodical activities. There are some quantitative indicators suggested for every considered kind of activity of higher education institutions in the article. To find risks of unproductive and non-frugal usage of budget funds by higher institutions necessary facts and signals are suggested. Existence of such facts and signals in activity of any higher education institution can be considered as evidence of additional risks including risks of corruption.
Implementation of Statistical Indicators to Analysis of Effectiveness of Cash-Flows of the Enterprise
Authors: Rohanova H.
Published: June 2019

The contemporary methods of corporate cash flow analysis are the object of this study. One of the most problematic points is how to provide proper cash flow analysis on a formation simultaneity basis over time. The classical methods of corporate cash flow management efficiency analysis are considered and the basic parameters of its indicators are determined during the study. Unstable operating conditions of domestic companies, as well as the existing inconsistency of the corporate reporting with International Financial Reporting Standards, make it difficult to generate timely and adequate information about cash flows of a company. The main phases of cash flow management effectiveness analysis are defined herein. They include collecting and processing the data, identifying the factors and risks, analyzing the cash flows of the previous period, determining the financial resources and cash needs, budgeting the investments and monitoring the cash flows. Throughout this study, it is proposed to improve the quality of cash flow analysis by introducing certain statistical cash flow analysis indicators. Due to this, it is possible to obtain a high-quality and comprehensive assessment of the formation of simultaneity and expenditure of cash flows over time. The drawbacks of the classical (horizontal, vertical, comparative and ratio) methods of analysis are also described herein. Thus, certain classical statistical indicators are proposed to apply while evaluating the cash flows. Compared to other classical methods, statistical analysis has certain advantages as it allows to identify the relationships between cash flows, the closeness of such relationships and their volatility, thereby making the mechanism for evaluating cash flows more holistic.
Potential Tax Reforms and Kuwait Economic Growth
Authors: Lawler K. , Ali Al-Sayegh F.
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study is to identify whether tax reforms are viable in Kuwait in order to create more government income from sources other than oil. The study examines the relationship between the changes in tax revenues, changes in oil revenue and changes in GDP in Kuwait using time series data from 1998 to 2015. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) is used to check for the existence of a unit root. The cointegration test is applied to test for long term relationships between variables using the General Least Square (GLS) method of estimation. The results of the tests find that the impact of changes in tax revenues on changes in the GDP of Kuwait is insignificant. Therefore, Kuwait’s government could rationally implement tax reforms to have incremental sources of income other than oil revenue. Moreover, it is argued that the government might consider implementing broad based consumption taxes and value added taxes into the tax structure Kuwait, and to invest the revenues from those taxes in productive policies, to induce long term economic growth.
Gastronomic Tourism, an Opportunity for Diversifying the Tourist Offer in the Sibiu Area
Authors: Nicula V. , Spanu S. , Kharlamova G.
Published: June 2019

In the tourists’ motivation to choose a holiday destination, gastronomy is gaining important insights, which has led to an increasing supply of quality-based local products and a stronger market growth. Gastronomy has become one of the most dynamic segments on the international tourism scene. Gastronomic tourism begins to be viewed as a phenomenon as a new tourist product itself, due to the fact that more than one third of the expenses in the tourist offer of the destination are made food. This shows the importance of gastronomy in the quality of leisure experience. Gastronomic tourism gains more and more importance as motivating the future in choosing the holiday destination. Proof of this is that, according to recent research (Euromonitor, 2018), eating in restaurants is the second favourite activity for international athletes visiting the US and occupying the first place for tourists from North America in their recreational trips to other countries. for these reasons, we developed a questionnaire that was applied to a total of 234 respondents, but randomly among the visitors at the Tourism Fair, which was dashed in November 2017 in Bucharest. The survey aimed at identifying the position of the fish and the gastronomy occupied in the motivation of the tourists to visit Sibiu and the surrounding areas. The results revealed that the traditional gastronomy, through its multicultural aspect, represents the second or third op visiting Sibiu. Certainly, this will become even more visible, given the designation for 2019 of Sibiu as a European gastronomic region.