bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collective Empowerment in Online Health Communities: Scale Development and Empirical Validation
Authors: Atanasova Sara , Petric Gregor
Published: September 2019

Background

The role of online health communities (OHCs) in patient empowerment is growing and has been increasingly studied in recent years. Research has focused primarily on individualistic conception of patients’ empowerment, with much less attention paid to the role of OHCs in the development of patients’ collective empowerment. Although OHCs have immense potential for empowerment that goes beyond the individual, the concept and scale of collective empowerment in OHCs have not yet been developed or validated.

Objective

This study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring collective empowerment in online health communities (CE-OHC) and to test its quality by investigating its factorial structure, reliability, construct validity, and predictive validity.

Methods

The CE-OHC scale was developed according to a strict methodology for developing valid and reliable scales. An initial set of 20 items was first tested in the pilot study conducted in 2016 using a sample of 280 registered users of Slovenia’s largest OHC. A refined version with 11 items was tested in the main study conducted in 2018 on a random sample of 30,000 registered users of the same OHC. The final sample comprised 784 users. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to investigate the factorial structure, discriminant validity, and convergent validity of the scale. Cronbach alpha coefficient was used to determine the CE-OHC scale’s internal consistency. To establish the predictive validity, ordinary least squares regression was performed to test the role of CE-OHC in users’ civic participation.

Results

The EFA resulted in a two-factor solution, and the two factors—knowledge of resources and resource mobilization for collective action—together explain 63.8% of the variance. The second-order CFA demonstrated a good fit to the data (root mean square error of approximation=0.07) and the scale had a good internal consistency (alpha=.86). Although evidence of the scale’s convergent validity was partially provided, discriminant validity of the scale remained unconfirmed. Overall, CE-OHC was confirmed to be a predictor of users’ civic participation, but the influence was somewhat weak and inconsistent across two subscales.

Conclusions

The proposed CE-OHC scale is a reliable and relatively valid instrument and serves as a good baseline to advance the measurement of collective empowerment in OHC contexts. This is the first scale developed for this purpose, and future research should focus on the development of a clear nomological network of the collective empowerment construct in relation to the OHC settings.
The Impact of War in Yemen on Immunization Coverage of Children Under One Year of Age: Descriptive Study
Authors: Torbosh Amr , Al Amad Mohammed Abdulla , Al Serouri Abdulwahed , Khader Yousef
Published: September 2019

Background

After 2 years of war that crippled the capacity of the Yemeni National Health System and left only 45% of health facilities functioning, Yemen faced increasing vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) outbreaks and may be at high risk of polio importation.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the 2015 war on the immunization coverage of children under 1 year.

Methods

Data on vaccination coverage for 2012-2015 were obtained from the national Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). The vaccination coverage was calculated at the national and governorate levels by dividing the number of actually vaccinated children by the estimated population of children under 1 year.

Results

Although there was an increase from 2012 to 2014 in the national coverage for penta-3 vaccine (82% in 2012 vs 88% in 2014) and measles vaccine (70% in 2012 vs 75% in 2014), the coverage was still below the national target (≥95%). Furthermore, the year 2015 witnessed a marked drop in the national coverage compared with 2014 for the measles vaccine (66% in 2015 vs 75% in 2014), but a slight drop in penta-3 vaccine coverage (84% in 2015 vs 88% in 2014). Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine also showed a marked drop from 73% in 2014 to 49% in 2015. These reductions were more marked in governorates that witnessed armed confrontations (eg, Taiz, Lahj, and Sa’dah governorates). On the other hand, governorates that did not witness armed confrontations showed an increase in coverage (eg, Raymah and Ibb), owing to an increase in their population because of displacement from less secure and confrontation-prone governorates.

Conclusions

This analysis demonstrated the marked negative impact of the 2015 war on immunization coverage, especially in the governorates that witnessed armed confrontations. This could put Yemen at more risk of VPD outbreaks and polio importation. Besides the ongoing efforts to stop the Yemeni war, strategies for more innovative vaccine delivery or provision and fulfilling the increasing demands are needed, especially in governorates with confrontations. Enhancing EPI performance through supportable investments in infrastructure that was destroyed by the war and providing decentralized funds are a prerequisite.
Effectiveness of Upper Limb Wearable Technology for Improving Activity and Participation in Adult Stroke Survivors: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Parker Jack , Powell Lauren , Mawson Susan
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

With advances in technology, the adoption of wearable devices has become a viable adjunct in poststroke rehabilitation. Upper limb (UL) impairment affects up to 77% of stroke survivors impacting on their ability to carry out everyday activities. However, despite an increase in research exploring these devices for UL rehabilitation, little is known of their effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

This review aimed to assess the effectiveness of UL wearable technology for improving activity and participation in adult stroke survivors.

METHODS

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and randomized comparable trials of UL wearable technology for poststroke rehabilitation were included. Primary outcome measures were validated measures of activity and participation as defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Databases searched were MEDLINE, Web of Science (Core collection), CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs and the Downs and Black Instrument for the quality of non RCTs.

RESULTS

In the review, we included 11 studies with collectively 354 participants at baseline and 323 participants at final follow-up including control groups and participants poststroke. Participants’ stroke type and severity varied. Only 1 study found significant between-group differences for systems functioning and activity (P≤.02). The 11 included studies in this review had small sample sizes ranging from 5 to 99 participants at an average (mean) age of 57 years.

CONCLUSIONS

This review has highlighted a number of reasons for insignificant findings in this area including low sample sizes and the appropriateness of the methodology for complex interventions. However, technology has the potential to measure outcomes, provide feedback, and engage users outside of clinical sessions. This could provide a platform for motivating stroke survivors to carry out more rehabilitation in the absence of a therapist, which could maximize recovery.
Twelve tips for teaching neuroanatomy, from the medical students’ perspective (Preprint)
Authors: Sravanam Sanskrithi , Jacklin Chloë , McNelis Eoghan
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Neuroanatomy is a complex and fascinating subject that is often a daunting prospect for medical students. In fact, the fear of learning neuroanatomy has gained its own name – “neurophobia”.

OBJECTIVE

To tackle “neurophobia” by summarising twelve tips for dynamic and engaging neuroanatomy teaching.

METHODS

Tips were formulated based on our experiences as three senior medical students and evidence-based techniques.

RESULTS

The 12 tips are (1) Big concepts before fine detail, (2) Draw an annotated diagram, (3) Teach form and function together, (4) Group anatomy into systems, (5) Teach the vasculature, (6) Familiarise students with neuroimaging, (7) Use dissections for haptic learning, (8) Teach from clinical cases, (9) Build from first principles, (10) Try working in reverse, (11) Let the student become the teacher, (12) Let the student become the examiner.

CONCLUSIONS

These 12 tips can be used by teachers and students alike to provide a high-yield learning experience.
An engagement-facilitation intervention (EFI) for increasing uptake and engagement for self-guided online mental health interventions: Consumer-guided development (Preprint)
Authors: Gulliver Amelia , Calear Alison L , Sunderland Matthew , Kay-Lambkin Frances , Farrer Louise M , Banfield Michelle , Batterham Philip J
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Self-guided online mental health programs are effective in treating and preventing mental health problems. However, both the uptake and engagement with these programs in the community is suboptimal, and there is limited current evidence indicating how to increase the use of existing evidence-based programs.

OBJECTIVE

The current study aims to investigate the views of people with lived experience of depression and anxiety on the barriers and facilitators to using e-mental health interventions and to use these perspectives to help develop an engagement-facilitation intervention (EFI) to increase uptake and engagement with self-guided online mental health programs.

METHODS

A total of 24 community members (female = 21; male = 3) with lived experience of depression and/or anxiety participated in four focus groups that discussed: 1) barriers and facilitators to self-guided e-mental health programs, 2) specific details needed to help them decide to use an online program, and 3) the appearance, delivery mode, and functionality of content for the proposed EFI. A total of 14 of the focus group attendees participated in a subsequent follow-up survey to evaluate the resultant draft EFI. Data were thematically analysed using both inductive and deductive methods.

RESULTS

Participants suggested that the critical component of an EFI was information that would challenge personal barriers to engagement with psychosocial interventions. These were providing personalised feedback about symptoms, information about the content and effectiveness of the e-mental health program, normalisation of participation in e-mental health programs including testimonials, and brief information on data security. Reminders, rewards, feedback about their progress, and coaching were all mentioned as being useful in assisting people to continue to engage with a program once they had started. Feedback on the developed EFI was positive; with participants reporting satisfaction with the content of the EFI and that it would likely positively affect their use of an e-mental health program.

CONCLUSIONS

EFIs have the potential to improve the uptake of e-mental health programs in the community and should focus on providing information on the content and effectiveness of e-mental health programs, as well as normalising their use. There is strong value in involving people with a lived experience in the design and development of EFIs to maximise their effectiveness.
Mobile App Support for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Müller Sune Dueholm , Lauridsen Kasper Glerup , Palic Amra Hadrovic , Frederiksen Lotte Nygaard , Mathiasen Morten , Løfgren Bo
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

The user requirements for in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) support apps are understudied. To study usability, functionality, and design based on user requirements, we applied a mixed methods research design using interviews, observations, and a Kano questionnaire to survey perspectives of both physicians and nurses.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify what an in-hospital CPR support app should include to meet the requirements and expectations of health care professionals by evaluating the CprPrototype app.

METHODS

We used a mixed methods research design. The qualitative methods consisted of semistructured interviews and observations from an advanced life support (ALS) course; both provided input to the subsequent questionnaire development. The quantitative method is a questionnaire based on the Kano model classifying user requirements as must-be, one-dimensional (attributes causing satisfaction when present and dissatisfaction when absent), attractive, indifferent, and reverse (attributes causing dissatisfaction when present and satisfaction when absent). The questionnaire was supplemented with comment fields. All respondents were physicians and nurses providing ALS at hospitals in the Central Denmark Region.

RESULTS

A total of 83 physicians and nurses responded to the questionnaire, 15 physicians and nurses were observed during ALS training, and 5 physicians were interviewed. On the basis of the Kano questionnaire, 53% (9/17) of requirements were classified as indifferent, 29% (5/17) as attractive, and 18% (3/17) as one-dimensional. The comments revealed 7 different categories of user requirements with noticeable differences between those of physicians and nurses: technological challenges, keep track of time, documentation and history, disturbing element, improvement areas: functions, improvement areas: design, and better guidance.

CONCLUSIONS

The study provides recommendations to developers on the user requirements that need to be addressed when developing CPR support apps. Three features (one-dimensional attributes) must be incorporated in an in-hospital CPR support app: reminder of rhythm check, reminder of resuscitation drugs, and differentiate between adults and children. In addition, 5 features (attractive attributes) would result in higher user satisfaction: all functions on one side, access to the patient journal in the app, automatic time recording when cardiac arrest is called, sound to guide the chest compression rate (metronome), and send CPR history to the DANARREST (Danish in-hospital cardiac arrest registry) database.
The Crown and Government Formation: Conventions, Practices, Customs, and Norms
Authors: Lagassé Philippe
Published: September 2019

The Crown’s role in government formation is poorly understood in Canada. As demonstrated by the confusion surrounding the Lieutenant Governor’s duties in the aftermath of recent elections in British Columbia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador, the functions of the Crown are misrepresented by politicians vying for power and misconstrued by commentators. These cases also suggest a degree of uncertainty about the Crown’s powers within the vice-regal office themselves. There has been a regrettable tendency to exaggerate the Crown’s involvement in government formation, which risks dragging the vice-regal representatives into the political arena or creating unrealistic expectations about the personal discretion they are able to exercise.

Misunderstandings about the Crown’s place in government formation can be traced to three gaps in knowledge. The first is a vague comprehension of the foundational conventions of responsible government as they pertain to the Crown. While the conventions that surround the government’s need to secure and hold the confidence of the elected house of the legislature are widely recognized, the conventions that frame the relationship between a first minister and the Crown are not. Second, there is confusion about what counts as a veritable constitutional convention. Conventions are too often conflated with other types of rules, notably practices, customs, and norms. Differentiating between these concepts helps us identify which constitutional rules firmly bind the Crown and which are more fluid and evolving. Thirdly, the lack of official explanations and transparency about the Crown’s functions and constitutional activities makes it difficult to appreciate the rules that surround the institution. While some vice-regal offices have made efforts to better articulate their constitutional roles, there is a need for greater openness and explanation.

My aim in this article is to offer an analysis of the types of rules that surround the Crown and government formation in Canada. I begin the article with a discussion of the difference between constitutional convention, practice, custom, and norms. I then examine how the Crown’s role in government formation are guided by these four types of rules. I conclude by recommending ways that vice-regal offices can better explain their functions and avoid confusion and controversy about their powers and personal discretion.
Metodología para el análisis de vulnerabilidad ante inundaciones. Un ejercicio emergente ante el cambio climático
Authors: Cajigal Molina Erick , Maldonado González Ana Lucía
Published: September 2019

Los desastres por ciclones tropicales y sus consecuentes inundaciones se han posicionado como los fenómenos que provocan mayores pérdidas humanas y económicas en el mundo. Las proyecciones indican que se agravarán por lo que los desastres serán aún mayores. Algunos ciclones tropicales pueden estar relacionados con el cambio climático, de ahí la importancia de identificar en las poblaciones afectadas cuáles son los elementos que están permitiendo que los ciclones tropicales deriven en inundaciones, para ello se propone una metodología con el fin de analizar la vulnerabilidad ante éstas. Los resultados permiten ofrecer sugerencias que contribuyen a la disminución de la problemática con la participación de docentes de bachillerato.
“Cartas da zona de guerra”: formações de identidades e representações ideológicas no livro de Michael Moore (“Letters from the war zone”: identities formations and ideological representations in michael moore’s book)
Authors: Marra Daniel , Garbelini Juscéia Aparecida Veiga
Published: September 2019

Esta reflexão tem como objetivo buscar a(s) identidade(s) psicossocial(is) de Bush construída pelos soldados estadunidenses em cartas reunidas no livro Cartas da Zona de Guerra de Michael Moore. Para tanto, serão observados: (i) os processos discursivos utilizados, (ii) os itens lexicais através de seus aspectos valorativos, (iii) a posição enunciativa dos sujeitos enunciadores, através da mobilização de conceitos da ADF, marco teórico desse estudo. Assim, a identidade psicossocial que emergiu das famílias parafrásticas analisadas mostra um ethos negativo de Bush, tecido por palavras depreciativas, com um posicionamento ideológico desvelador dos temas obscuros da guerra no Iraque.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ADF. Bush. Cartas. Famílias parafrásticas. Identidade.ABSTRACT This discussion aims at to seek the psychosocial identities of Bush built by U.S. soldiers in letters collected in the book Letters from the War Zone by Michael Moore. To do so, shall be observed: (i) the discursive processes used, (ii) the lexical items through its evaluative aspects, (iii) the enunciative position of the enunciators subjects, by mobilizing concepts of FDA, theoretical framework of this study. Thus, the psychosocial identity that emerged from the analyzed famílias parafrásticas shows a negative ethos of Bush, woven by disparaging words, with an unveiling ideological positioning of the obscure themes of the war in Iraq.KEYWORDS: FDA. Bush. Letters. Famílias parafrásticas. Identities.
Uma abordagem unificada para a posição de clíticos em português brasileiro e em francês (A unified analysis for clitic positionin brazilian portuguese and french)
Authors: Andrade Aroldo Leal de
Published: September 2019

O presente texto tem por objetivo propor uma abordagem unificada para a posição de clíticos em predicados complexos em português brasileiro e em francês, a partir da noção de extensão de fases apresentada em Den Dikken (2007). A principal motivação para essa escolha consiste numa correlação entre perda do movimento do verbo e perda da morfologia de tempo, que seria um fator explicativo para a mudança nos clíticos dessas línguas. Nesse sentido, o artigo questiona uma proposta alternativa, segundo a qual a inclusão de uma projeção temporal encaixada seria a razão principal para a mudança para a não-subida de clíticos.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Clítico; fases sintáticas; movimento de núcleo; português brasileiro; francês.
ABSTRACTThis text aims at proposing a unified analysis for clitic position in complex predicates in Brazilian Portuguese and French, developing the notion of phase extension put forward in Den Dikken (2007). The main motivation for this choice consists in a correlation between loss of verb movement and loss of tense morphology, an explanatory factor for the change in clitics in these languages. In this sense, the paper questions an alternative approach according to which the inclusion of an embedded temporal projection would be the main reason for the change to clitic non-climbing.KEYWORDs: Clitic; syntactic phases; head movement; Brazilian Portuguese; French.
Efeitos sentido, descrição/interpretação e Veja como lugar de memória discursiva (Effets de sens, description/interpretation et de Veja comme lieu de mémoire discursive)
Authors: Vieira Ricardo Pereira , Fonseca-Silva Maria da Conceição
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo, discutimos o sentido como efeito e apresentamos resultados do um gesto de descrição/interpretação de formulações linguísticas e imagéticas, selecionadas do corpus constituído de edições da revista Veja, que circularam na primeira década do século 21 e discursivizam sobre Hugo Chávez, enquanto presidente da Venezuela. A análise é sustentada pelo aporte teórico da Análise de Discurso.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Memória. Mídia. Política. Hugo Chávez. Efeito de sentido.
RESUMÉDans cet article, nous présentons les résultats de un acte du 'interprétation/interprétation de formulations linguistiques et de image, sélectionnez du corpus composée d'éditions du magazine Veja, qui circulait dans la première décennie du 21e siècle et discursivizam sur Chavez comme président du Venezuela. L'analyse est soutenue par le cadre théorique de l'analyse du discours.MOTS-CLÉS: Mémoire. Médias. Politique. Hugo Chávez.
Padrões de duração de seis vogais do inglês produzidas por alunos brasileiros (Duration patterns of six english vowels produced by brazilian learners)
Authors: Lima Jr. Ronaldo
Published: September 2019

Este artigo apresenta as principais características dos padrões de duração dos pares de vogais [i: I] [E æ] [u: U] produzidos por alunos brasileiros que começaram a estudar inglês-L2 em idades diferentes, que estavam cursando o último semestre de seus cursos de inglês como língua estrangeira, e que adquiriram a língua exclusivamente em salas de aula no Brasil.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Aquisição de língua estrangeira, fonética acústica, fonologia, inglês como língua estrangeira, vogais.
ABSTRACT This paper presents the main characteristics in durational patterns of the pairs of vowels [i: I] [E æ] [u: U] as produced by Brazilian learners who started learning English as a Foreign Language at different ages. The students were in the last semester of their EFL courses and have acquired English exclusively in Brazilian classrooms.KEYWORDS: Second Language Acquisition. Acoustic Phonetics. Phonology. English as a Foreign Language. Vowels.
Diálogos entre a flexão verbal do Português e do Francês (Dialogues entre la flexion verbale du Portugais et du Français)
Authors: Estivalet Gustavo Lopez , Margotti Felício Wessling
Published: September 2019

As línguas latinas, como o português e o francês, compartilham uma série de características morfológicas em seus paradigmas de flexão verbal. Assim, podem-se estabelecer associações e operações morfológicas específicas a cada língua. Mas existem também regras gerais e morfemas equivalentes nos dois sistemas em relação às desinências modo-temporal e número-pessoal. Este artigo a) apresenta o funcionamento morfológico da flexão verbal do português e do francês através de uma metodologia descritiva e comparativa da formação e utilização do verbo e b) discute as semelhanças e diferenças entre os dois sistemas a partir de uma abordagem teórica lexical baseada no morfema. Argumenta-se a favor de um modelo comum e geral subjacente às estruturas morfológicas da flexão verbal do português e do francês.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Morfologia. Flexão Verbal. Línguas Latinas.
RÉSUMÉLes langues romanes, comme le portugais et le français, partagent plusieurs caractéristiques morphologiques dans leurs paradigmes de flexion verbale. Ainsi, il est possible d’établir une série d’associations et opérations morphologiques spécifiques à chaque langue. Mais il y a aussi des règles générales et des morphèmes équivalents dans ces deux systèmes en ce qui concerne la flexion verbale, les désinences de mode, temps, nombre et personne. Cet article a) présente le fonctionnement morphologique de la flexion verbale du portugais et du français à travers une méthodologie descriptive et comparative de la formation et de l’utilisation du verbe et b) discute les similitudes et les différences entre les deux systèmes à partir d’une approche théorique lexicale basée dans le morphème. Nous argumentons en faveur d’un modèle commun et général sous-jacent aux structures morphologiques de la flexion verbale du portugais et du français.MOTS-CLÉS: Morphologie. Flexion Verbale. Langues Romanes.
O ser-autor: deslocamentos entre a escrita científica e a escritura de si ( The being-author: shifts between scientific writing and self-writing)
Authors: Biazus Camilla Baldicera
Published: September 2019

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão, sustentada na teoria da Análise de Discurso, sobre a escrita científica e o seu imaginário de objetividade, a fim de pensar se há um espaço para o singular do pesquisador-autor na produção científica. A partir disso, discute-se a possibilidade de tomar a escrita científica como uma escritura de si, mostrando os elementos que estão em jogo no processo de escritura e suas relações com a subjetividade e com a constituição do ser-autor.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Escrita Científica. Escrita de Si. Autoria. Análise de Discurso.
ABSTRACT This article proposes a reflection, sustained on the theory of Discourse Analysis, on scientific writing and its objectivity imaginary in order to think if there is a space for the singularity of the researcher-author in scientific production. From this, we discuss the possibility of taking scientific writing as self-writing, showing the elements that are at play in the writing process and its relation to subjectivity and to the constitution of the being-author.KEYWORDS: Scientific Writing. Self-Writing. Authorship. Discourse Analysis.
A representação da indisciplina escolar em revistas brasileiras: uma análise discursiva crítica (The school indiscipline representation in brazilian magazines: a critical discursive analysis)
Authors: Resende Ottoni Maria Aparecida , Estevão de Moura Monithelli Aparecida
Published: September 2019

Apresentamos resultados parciais de uma pesquisa, na qual analisamos a representação discursiva da indisciplina escolar em gêneros publicados em duas revistas de circulação nacional, voltadas para professores, e em duas voltadas para leitores em geral. Para isso, apoiamo-nos nos pressupostos teóricos da Análise de Discurso Crítica. Os resultados mostram que as vozes dos alunos e de seus responsáveis não são incluídas nos textos. Quanto à voz dos professores, ela é incluída apenas nas revistas voltadas para leitores em geral. Contudo, na maioria das ocorrências, colabora para a construção de uma representação identitária enfraquecida desses atores sociais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Indisciplina Escolar. Representação. Intertextualidade. Interdiscursividade. Análise de Discurso Crítica.
ABSTRACT We present the partial results of a study, in which we examine the discursive representation of school indiscipline in two genres published in two national magazines for teachers, and in two magazines made for readers in general. For this, we apply the theoretical assumptions of Critical Discourse Analysis. The results show that the voices of students and their parents are not included in the texts. In relation to the voice of teachers, it is included only in magazines made for readers in general. However, in most instances, it collaborates to construct a weakened identity representation for these social actors.KEYWORDS: School Indiscipline. Representation. Intertextuality. Interdiscursivity. Critical Discourse Analysis.
Ponto de vista: o ponto cego das teorias da polifonia (Point of view: the blind spot of the theories of polyphony)
Authors: Fontana Monica G. Zoppi
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo vamos discutir algumas questões sobre a subjetividade e a polifonia nos estudos enunciativos da linguagem. Para isso, percorremos um certo caminho, apresentando como Anscombre e Ducrot trazem o conceito da polifonia para os estudos linguísticos e a reconfiguração dada a este conceito por Carel e Ducrot. Após, mostraremos como a questão do ponto de vista vem sendo tratada em estudos desenvolvidos no Brasil, a partir do funcionamento do agenciamento enunciativo proposto por Guimarães.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Polifonia. Subjetividade. Enunciação.
ABSTRACTIn this article, we discuss some issues about the subjectivity and polyphony studies set out from the language. At first, introducing the concept of polyphony that Anscombre and Paige established in their linguistic studies and the reconfiguration of this concept by Carel and Duprot. Secondly, we discussed how the point of view is treated in studies developed in Brazil, from the operation enunciative forwarding information proposed by Guimaraes. KEYWORDS: Polyphony. Subjectivity. enunciation
O resumo como atividade de significação (Le résumé comme activité de signification)
Authors: Cortivo-Lebler Cristiane Dall
Published: September 2019

A produção de textos acadêmicos, especialmente resumos, é uma das atividades a que os docentes recorrem com muita frequência para avaliar o entendimento que um aluno teve de determinado texto cuja leitura lhe foi solicitada. Essa atividade, entretanto, requer, além da habilidade de leitura e escrita – especialmente da escrita acadêmica –, também o conhecimento a respeito do modo como se constroem resumos. Neste trabalho, propomos algumas reflexões a respeito da escrita do gênero resumo, especialmente com relação a um dos mais importantes aspectos envolvidos nessa atividade de escrita: a seleção do conteúdo semântico do texto base que deverá constar no resumo. Como suporte teórico, para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, escolhemos a Teoria da Argumentação na Língua, desenvolvida por Marion Carel e Oswald Ducrot.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Argumentação. Sentido. Resumo acadêmico.
RÉSUMÉLa production de textes académiques, spécialement les résumés, est une des activités que les professeures utilisent avec fréquence pour évaluer la compréhension que un élève a eu à propos d’un texte dont la lecture lui a été demandé. Cette activité nécessite la capacité de lire et d’écrire – spécialement la capacité d’écrire des textes académiques – et aussi la connaissance de la façon comment les résumés doivent être construits. Dans cette travail, nous nous proposons à faire quelques réflexions à propos de l’écriture de textes du genre discursif résumé, spécialement en relation a un des plus importants aspects impliqués dans cette activité d’écriture : la sélection du contenu sémantique du texte de base qui aura lieu dans le résumé. Pour réaliser cette réflexion, nous adopterons la Théorie de L’argumentation dans la Langue, développée par Marion Carel et Oswald Ducrot.MOTS-CLÉS: Argumentation. Sens. Résumé Académique.
Texto/discurso no/pelo corpo como espaço de resistência, de protesto e de reivindicação (Text/discourse in/by the body as resistance, protest and claim space)
Authors: Venturini Maria Cleci
Published: September 2019

Nos movimentos de rua de 2013, o corpo é um objeto mais que discursivo: ele funciona pelo simbólico e constitui o corpo-memória de movimentos em (dis)curso. Objetivamos mostrar como o corpo constitui discurso e instaura efeitos de sentidos pelo que retorna como memória e significa pela língua na história e por práticas sócio-históricas em que os sujeitos em suas filiações são o centro, o fio que tece discursividades. A rua constitui-se em espaço de disputa de sentidos e a mídia dá visibilidade a manifestantes e diferencia-os daqueles que protestam e mostram no/pelo corpo a resistência e o desejo de confronto.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Discurso. Memória. Corpo-memória. Sentidos. Língua.
ABSTRACTIn street movements and 2013, the body is more than a discursive object: it works by symbolic and constitutes the body-memory of movements in course and discourse. We intends to show how the body constitutes discourses and installs sense effects by what returns as memory and makes sense by the langue in the history and by socio-historical practices, in which the subjects, in their filiation, are the center, the guideline of discursiveness. Street constitutes spaces of senses dispute and the media gives visibility to protesters and differentiates them from those who protest and show in/by the body the resistance and of the confrontation desire.KEYWORDS: Discourse. Memory. Body-memory. Senses. Langue.
Michel Pêcheux e a História Epistemológica da Lingüística (Michel Pêcheux y la Historia Epistemologica de la Lingüística).
Authors: Gregolin Maria do Rosário Valencise
Published: September 2019

Interessado em entender a história da ciência da linguagem, Michel Pêcheux produziu uma série de textos nos quais traça o percurso das idéias saussureanas e recompõe a história das teorias lingüísticas no século XX. Com base nas sínteses realizadas por Pêcheux, este artigo propõe acompanhar o trajeto epistemológico que produziu um lugar para a Análise de Discurso no interior da ciência da linguagem. Trata-se de visualizar um entre-lugar em que se recortam grandes debates entre teorias lingüísticas e onde se desenha o espaço da Análise de Discurso como um entrecruzamento da língua, do sujeito, da sociedade e da história.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Lingüística. História. Língua. Análise de Discurso. Epistemologia.
RESUMENMichel Pêcheux, interesado en entender la historia de la ciencia del lenguaje, produjo una serie de textos en los que manifiesta el transcurso de las ideas saussureanas y recompone la historia de las teorías lingüísticas del siglo XX. Este articulo propone un recorrido epistemológico a partir de las síntesis realizadas por Pêcheux, con el objeto de acompañar el trayecto que dio lugar al Análisis de Discurso dentro de la ciencia del lenguaje. Propone porlo tanto la mirada desde un “entre-lugar” en el que se producen grandes debates entre teorías lingüísticas y en dónde se ubica el espacio del Análisis de Discurso como un entrecruzamiento de la lengua, del sujeto, de la sociedad y de la historia.PALABRAS-CLAVE: Lingüística. Historia. Lengua. Análisis de Discurso. Epistemología.
Sobre a Natureza Fonológica da Ortografia Portuguesa (À propos de la Nature Phonologique de l’Orthographe Portugaise )
Authors: Mateus Maria Helena Mira
Published: September 2019

O presente texto tem como objectivo argumentar sobre a natureza fonológica da ortografia portuguesa e, com base nesta afirmação, discutir a simplificação dessa ortografia, simplificação que tem sido a finalidade de várias reformas e de algumas tentativas de acordo entre Portugal e o Brasil. A discussão das questões fonológicas é precedida a) de uma referência aos problemas suscitados pela proposta de acordo datada de 1986, e b) de um resumido excurso histórico baseado em gramáticas portuguesas, com início nas gramáticas quinhentistas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ortografia. Fonologia. Letra. Vogal. Consoante.RÉSUMÉCe texte a pour but de présenter une argumentation sur la nature phonologique de l’orthographe portugaise et, ancré sur cette affirmation, d’en discuter la simplification. Cette simplification a été la finalité de maintes réformes et de quelques tentatives d’obtenir un accord entre le Portugal et le Brésil à ce sujet. La discussion des questions phonologiques est précédée a) par une référence aux problèmes soulevés par une proposition d’accord présentée en 1986, et b) par un rapport historique résumé, basé sur des grammaires portugaises à partir du seizième siècle. MOTS-CLÉS: Orthographe. Phonologie. Lettre. Voyelle. Consonne.
Evidências Lingüísticas para a Reconstrução de um Nominalizador de Objeto **-Mi- Em Proto-Tupí (Linguistic Evidences for the Reconstruction of a Proto-Tupí Object Nominalizer **-Mi-)
Authors: Rodrigues Aryon Dall’Igna , Cabral Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara , Corrêa-da-Silva Beatriz Carretta
Published: September 2019

Apresentamos uma proposta de reconstrução para o Proto-Tupí de um processo derivacional que teria formado nomes de objeto a partir de verbos transitivos, por meio de um prefixo **-mi-, cujo resultado teria sido combinado com um mediador de posse indireta **-e(p)-. A proposta, desenvolvida mediante o Método Histórico-Comparativo, é fundamentada por vários dados de sete das dez famílias que constituem o tronco lingüístico Tupí.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Lingüística Histórica. Reconstrução lingüística. Nominalização. Posse mediada. Morfossintaxe. Tronco Tupí.ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the reconstruction of a Proto-Tupí derivation process by which names of object would be derived from transitive verbs by means of a prefix **-mi-, whose resulting form would have been combined with a marker for mediated possession **-e(p)-. This proposal, developed according to the Historical Comparative Method, is supported by data from seven of the ten families which constitute the Tupí linguistic stock. KEYWORDS: Historical Linguistics. Linguistic reconstruction. Nominalization. Mediated possession. Morphosyntax . Tupí linguistic stock.
Harmonia Vocálica como Processo Desencadeador de Mudanças Estruturais na Língua Guajá. (Vocalic Harmony as a Trigger to Structural Changes in Guajá.)
Authors: Magalhães Marina Maria Silva
Published: September 2019

A língua Guajá é falada por aproximadamente 250 índios que vivem atualmente nas Terras Indígenas Awá, Caru e Alto Turiaçú, situadas no noroeste do estado do Maranhão. Pertence ao subgrupo VIII da família lingüística Tupí-Guaraní, que inclui também o Takunyapé, o Urubu-Ka’apor, o Wayampí, o Wayampipukú, o Emérillon, e o Zo’é (Rodrigues, 1984, 1985 e Cabral, 1996). Neste trabalho, descrevo mudanças estruturais em processo na fala das gerações mais novas, contrastando esses dados com os das gerações mais velhas e ressaltando possíveis conseqüências do processo de harmonia vocálica, produtivo na fala dos mais jovens, para a estabilidade do sistema de morfemas relacionais, que é um dos traços estruturais mais conservadores nas línguas da família Tupí-Guaraní.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Línguas indígenas. Tupí-Guaraní. Guajá. Descrição lingüísticaABSTRACTThe Guajá language is spoken by about 250 individuals who live in the Awá, Caru and Alto Turiaçú Indigenous Areas on the northeast of the state of Maranhão, Brazil. It is a Tupí-Guaraní language of the branch VIII, with Takunyapé, Urubú-Ka’apór, Wayampí, Wayampipukú, Emérillon, and Zo’é (Rodrigues and Cabral, 2002). This paper deals with on-going speech structural changes in youngsters, contrasting these data to older generation ones, emphasizing possible consequences of the vocalic harmony process in youngsters’ speech production to the stability of the relational morphemes system, which is one of the most conservative structural feature of the Tupí-Guaraní family. KEYWORDS: Indigenous languages. Tupí-Guaraní. Guajá. Linguistic description.
Alguns Aspectos da Ergatividade em Bakairi (Karib) (Somes Aspects about Ergativity in The Bakairi Language (Karibean Family).)
Authors: Souza Tania Conceição Clemente de
Published: September 2019

O propósito deste trabalho é o de arrolar aspectos de diferentes naturezas que reafirmam o Bakairi como língua ergativa. Buscamos sustentar nossa análise em dados de base morfológica e sintática, considerando que a natureza da ergatividade em Bakairi não se expressa em marcas nominais de Caso. Dado recorrente em nossa análise, está, assim, o argumento em favor de um funcionamento morfossintático que se institui em função de um padrão de ergatividade estrutural, e não apenas morfológica. Nesse padrão estrutural, registramos a presença de um núcleo funcional (v-zinho) relacionado à transitividade de sentenças na língua.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ergatividade. Morfossintaxe. Língua Bakairi. Família Karib.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to bring out aspects of different kinds which reaffirm the Bakairi language as an ergative one. Our analysis is based on morphological and syntactic examples, since the Bakairi nature does not express the ergativity through nominal case marks. Therefore, a recurrent fact in our analysis is to reinforce a structural pattern of ergativity, and not only a morphological one. In this structural pattern, we register the presence of a functional head (light v) related to the transitivity of the sentences in the language. KEYWORDS: Ergativity. Morphosyntax. Bakairi language; Karibean family.
Aspectos da Variação Sintática e Línguas Pano (Aspects of Syntactic Variation and Panoan Languages)
Authors: Peixoto Jaqueline Dos Santos
Published: September 2019

O tema de nosso trabalho é a variação sintática, considerada em termos intra e interlingüísticos. O estudo da variação interna a uma língua e sua comparação com outras línguas podem fornecer evidências para as propriedades da estrutura das sentenças nas línguas naturais. A descoberta dessas propriedades pode explicar as diferenças e semelhanças existentes entre as línguas relacionadas à arquitetura da sentença. Para tanto, examinamos as características de projeção dos núcleos funcionais das línguas amazônicas Marubo e do Matsés (família Pano).PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Variação Lingüística. Sintaxe. Gramática. Línguas Pano.ABSTRACTThe theme of this paper is the syntactic variation, considered in intra and interlinguistic terms. Studies on internal variation of a language and languages comparison can give evidence for the properties of the sentence structure in natural languages. The discovery of these properties can explain the differencesand similarities related to sentence structure in these languages. Such as, we examine the characteristics of the projection of functional heads in two Amazonian languages: Marubo and Matsés (Panoan family).KEYWORDS: Linguistic variation. Syntax. Grammar. Panoan languages.
Para uma abordagem dialetológica “estruturalista” do latim vulgar: Vänäänen e o método comparatista (To a dialectology approach "structuralist" Vulgar Latin: Vänäänen and the comparative method)
Authors: Jesus Carlos Renato Rosário de
Published: September 2019

Nosso trabalho consiste em fazer uma breve análise crítica do método comparatista utilizado por diversos autores no estudo das relações entre as línguas românicas e o latim vulgar. Partindo das variações dialetológicas da língua latina ao longo de seu período de utilização, procuraremos mostrar a necessidade de um método que se preocupe em abarcar os fenômenos linguísticos do latim pós-clássico que, eventualmente, recrudesçam nos romances, mas que também leve em conta os fatos do latim vulgar anteriores ao chamado latim clássico. Para isso, as idéias de Vänäänen nos serão bastante esclarecedoras.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comparatistas. Latim vulgar. Dialetologia

ABSTRACTThis work consists in doing a brief critic analysis of the comparatist method used by several authors in the study of the relationships between the Romanian languages and the vulgar latin. Starting from the dialectologist variations of the latin language along its period of usage, we aim at showing the need of a method that must be concerned in involving all the linguistic phenomenons of the early latin that, eventually, appears in the medieval latin languages. This method must consider the previous facts of the vulgar latin regarding to so called classic latin. The ideas of Väänanen will be very clarifying for that.KEYWORDS: Comparatists. Vulgar latim. Dialectology
Em torno de sujeitos e de olhares (The relationship between aphasic subjects' linguistic interchanges and children in the process of acquiring written language)
Authors: Abaurre Maria Bernadete Marques , Coudry Maria Irma Hadler
Published: September 2019

Discutem-se, neste texto, alguns episódios significativos para a compreensão da relação que estabelecem com a linguagem tanto os afásicos em situação de reconstrução dessa linguagem, como as crianças em fase de aquisição da sua representação escrita. Argumenta-se que nessas produções, para além do estilo “telegráfico” que parece caracterizar algumas delas, devem-se reconhecer indícios de procedimentos de significação intermediários que constituem momentos cruciais do processo de (re)elaboração lingüística tanto dos afásicos como das crianças.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Linguagem de afásicos. Primeiras escritas de crianças. Estilo “telegráfico”. Linguagem interna. Operações epilingüísticas. Processos intermediários de significação.ABSTRACT This paper discusses meaningful events that can help understand the relationship between the linguistic behavior of aphasic subjects in the process of recovering language and of children in the process of acquiring written language. We argue that both kinds of linguistic productions reveal more than what, at first sight, might be considered a "telegraphic style". What these kinds of productions exemplify are in fact intermediate signifying procedures that represent crucial moments of linguistic (re)elaboration in aphasic and in children language as well. KEYWORDS: Aphasic language. Children writings. “Telegraph style”. Internal language. Epilinguistic operations. Intermediate signification procedures.
El “discurso” como punto de intersección de la imagen cinematográfica y de la memoria histórica (O “discurso” como ponto de intersecção da imagem cinematográfica e da memória histórica)
Authors: Carretero Maria Pilar Amador
Published: September 2019

En el origen de este trabajo se encuentra el término discurso que responde a significaciones diversas y se ha convertido en el punto de intersección de las preocupaciones de una amplia variedad de disciplinas. A partir de este concepto nuestra propuesta se diversifica en tres escenarios en los que imagen cinematográfica y la historia se unen en un contacto interdisciplinar: el historiográfico, el investigador-productor de discursos históricos y el docente. El resultado, más que un modelo acabado, signado por las bondades y las rigideces de una última palabra, pretende sugerir un horizonte de trabajo que pueda ser compartido por aquellos que creen en la utilidad de la relación interdisciplinar entre la Historia y el Cine.PALABRAS-CLAVE: Historia. Cine. Historia del Tiempo Presente.
RESUMO Na origem deste trabalho, encontra-se o termo discurso que tem significados diferentes e que se tornou ponto de intersecção das preocupações de uma ampla variedade de disciplinas. A partir deste conceito, nossa proposta se diversifica em três cenários em que a imagem cinematográfica e a história se reúnem em um contato interdisciplinar: a historiografia, o pesquisador-produtor de discursos históricos e o professor. O resultado, mais que um modelo acabado, marcado pela bondade e pela rigidez de uma palavra final, pretende sugerir um horizonte de trabalho que pode ser compartilhado por aqueles que crêem na utiliddae da relação interdisciplinar entre História e Cinema.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Historia. Cinema. Historia do Tempo Presente.