bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YATROGENIC BILE DUCT INJURIES (BASED OF THE TVER REGION DATA)
Authors: Yeremeyev A GI , Volkov S VI , Golubev A AI , Voronov S NI
Published: July 2021

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the most frequent operations. The significance of the problem with iatrogenic unwitting bile duct injuries (BDI) remains extremely actual up to the present. Our aim was to analyze the situation in the Tver region associated with this complication. From 1994 to 2017, 11280 cholecystectomies were performed in the surgical department of the regional hospital in Tver, while LC was performed in 10396 (92.9%) patients. Patients with "severe" unwitting BDI (42) from the whole region were concentrated in this clinic; we analyzed their treatment. Intraoperatively unwitting BDI were diagnosed only in 8 (19.0%) patients. The most frequent mechanism of trauma was “carving out” of bile duct fragment. In some cases, the cause of iatrogenic was the unjustifiably hasty intersection of tubular structures in the zone of the Calot triangle without their proper identification. In 15 (35.7%) patients, surgical correction of this complication was carried out in two stages. All patients eventually formed an end-to-side hepatico-, hepato- or bihepato- jejuno Roux-en-Y anastomosis, while in 36 (85.7%) patients - with replaceable transhepatic drains according to Saypol-Kurian. All patients recovered, there was no hospital mortality. In our opinion, the problem of continuous training and improvement of operational techniques (including simulation ones) for both young and “mature” surgeons remains relevant. It is necessary to use a typical tactic for the management of patients with unwitting BDI and concentrate them in a specialized hospital.
QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF INSULIN-PRODUCTION TUMORS OF THE PANCREAS
Authors: Lejinskiy D V , Egorov A V , Vasilyev I A , Ivashov I V , Mironova A V
Published: July 2021

Background: insulinoma is a neuroendocrine tumor characterized by hyperproduction of insulin and hypoglycemia that decrease patient's quality of life. The only curative method of treatment is surgery. Aim: studying the quality of life of patients after various options for surgical treatment of insulin-producing pancreatic tumors. Materials and methods: 48 patients operated in the First Moscow State Medical University were included in the quality of life study. Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent tumor enucleation (n 28), and patients who underwent resection of the pancreas (n 20). The study was performed using the questionnaire SF-36, not earlier than 3 months after surgery. Results: in the study of quality of life, a significant difference was only in a scale of role-physical functioning, which was higher in patients that underwent tumor enucleation, as opposed to patients after resection procedures. Conclusion: the quality of life in both groups remained at a high level; the differences were noted only in the scale of role-physical functioning, which was higher in patients after tumor enucleation.
LOW-INVASIVE PARATHYRЕOIDECTOMY UNDER ULTRASOUND-GUIDED WITH THE USE OF PERCUTANEOUS LASER ABLATION
Authors: Pamputis S N , Kolobanov A A , Lopatnikova E N , Pamputis D S
Published: July 2021

Assessment of efficiency of low-invasive parathyroidectomy executed by us under ultrasonic navigation with use of the percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) at 49 patients with laboratory proved PHPT is carried out. Assessment of efficiency was carried out by ultrasonic criteria to which decrease of volume of PTG belongs. At patients essential decrease of volume of the enlarged PTG and lack of signs of a cicatrical tissue on the place of earlier existing PTG in 1 year after completion of treatment is taped. The decrease of volume of PTG calculated according to ultrasonography indicates efficiency of the applied low-invasive option of a parathyrеoidectomy. Ultrasonic criteria of efficiency were fundamental in definition of further tactics of maintaining the patient in the postoperative period.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF PARATHYROID CANCER IN 29 YEARS OLD MAN
Authors: Romanchishen A F , Gostimsky A V , Matveeva Z S , Karpatsky I V
Published: July 2021

Parathyroid cancer is an extremely rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, accounting less than 1% of cases. The neoplasm is detected in people 40-50 years old. Ratio of men and women is 1: 1, in contrast to hyperparathyroidism caused by adenoma of epithelial bodies, when there are 3-4 times more women than men among the patients. Due to the rarity of this disease, surgeons and morphologists may have difficulties in verification of the tumor. Distinctive features of the course of the disease include the extremely rapid progression of bone changes, the development of hypercalcemic crises with a high level of blood calcium and serum parathyroid hormone. Radical surgery involves the removal of malignant parathyroid tumor in a single block with the ipsilateral thyroid gland, as well as paratracheal lymph nodes. The aim of investigation is to show a rare observation of bone manifestations of parathyroid cancer. Material and methods. Parathyroid cancer was diagnosed in 2 (0.7%) of 283 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, operated in the Center of Endocrine Surgery. Male 29 years old was operated on in January 2016. Disease duration was about 2 years. The clinical picture was characterized by multiple bone fractures, generalized cystic osteodistorofy, renal failure, severe electrolyte disorders, cachexia. The diagnosis was confirmed by high values of total calcium and blood parathyroid hormone. The patient underwent removal of the parathyroid tumor, during the histological and immunohistochemical study of which parathyroid cancer was verified. The patient was able to sit on his own after 3 months, get up with support after 6 months and walk with the help 10 months later after the operation. In May 2017 an increase of parathyroid hormone to 1900 pg / ml was detected with a normal value of blood calcium, which indicates recurrence of parathyroid cancer. Findings. The high grade of the disease is due to both the aggressive course of parathyroid cancer and the late diagnosis.
MODERN DIAGNOSTIC AND MINIMALLY INVASIVE TECHNOLOGY IN THYROID SURGERY
Authors: Romashchenko P N , Maistrenko N A , Krivolapov D S , Vshivtsev D O , Zherebtsov E S
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: to evaluate the role of the main instrumental methods of diagnostics and to determine the criteria for selecting patients with surgical diseases of the thyroid gland (TG) for the reasonable implementation of optimal minimally invasive surgical interventions. Materials and methods: the results of the examination and treatment of 340 patients with surgical diseases of the TG, who underwent variety of minimally invasive techniques were analyzed. Results: we compared the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of the multiparametric neck ultrasonography, 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy TG and fine-needle cytology. Minimally invasive video-assisted procedure was performed in 29,4% patients, nonendoscopic - in 38,2%, endoscopic - in 32,4%. Postoperative specific complications were revealed in 4,4% who underwent surgery: transitory recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy - in 1,5%, transient hypoparathyroidism - in 1,6%, hematoma - in 0,8%. It was stated that the main criteria that determine the rationale for minimally invasive interventions on the TG are: the nodule size and the TG volume; hyperfunctioning thyroid and clinical thyroiditis; substernal extension; extrathyroid extension and the necessity of implementation of central neck dissection due to central and laterocervical lymph node metastases. Conclusion: the application of the determined criteria based on the integrated use of modern diagnostic techniques for patients with surgical diseases of the TG can justify the selection of optimal minimally invasive surgical interventions, avoid unreasonable operations, to avoid increasing of the frequency of specific complications, reduces surgical trauma and duration of stay in hospital, improves cosmetic outcome and enhances the quality of life of the patients.
CT-PLANNING ACCESS FOR ADRENALECTOMY
Authors: Romashchenko P N , Zheleznyak I S , Blyumina S G , Dovganyuk V S
Published: July 2021

Aim: to determine the possibilities of modern multislice computed tomography in the preoperative planning of a rational variant of surgical access to the adrenal gland with a tumor. Materials and methods: the results of the examination and treatment of 1196 patients with surgical diseases of the adrenal glands (AG) were studied. The virtual-figurative design of a rational variant of surgical access to AG with a tumor was carried out in 362 patients after evaluating the features of their topographic-anatomical location according to CT-scan. The criterion for the inclusion of patients in the study was the ability to perform after 2013 multislice computed tomography (MSCT) with intravenous contrast on the modern installation Aquillion 64 (Toshiba, Japan) and subsequent post-processing of images with the construction of multiplane and 3D reconstructions. Results: studying the features of the topographic-anatomical location of AGs with a tumor using MSCT allowed us to form a virtual-figurative perception of their syntopy in 362 patients and to design options for access to perform adrenalectomy (AE): retroperitoneoscopic (n = 303), laparoscopic (n = 25), thoracophrenotomy ( n = 30), thoracophrenolaparotomic (n = 5). 363 surgical interventions were performed for 362 patients. A single-sided retroperitoneoscopic AE for pheochromocytoma was performed in 1 patient. Reliable CT criteria were determined that affect the duration and safety of the above-mentioned accesses performed by AEs. It has been established that when designing access to the right AG, it is necessary to consider: the diameter of the neoplasm; the location of the AG with a tumor relative to the inferior vena cava and the lower right hepatic vein; contact with vessels in the gate of the kidney, as well as the presence of additional central veins AG. The determining factors in planning access to the left AG are: neoplasm diameter, contact with vessels in the gate of the kidney and splenic vessels, location in the aorto-renal vascular triangle. It was established that retroperitoneoscopic AE, performed in 83.7% of patients with AG tumors with a diameter of ≤ 8 cm, is an operation of choice. Laparoscopic access remains relevant only when the right-sided localization of an AG tumor with a diameter of up to 8 cm and planning simultaneous surgical interventions on the abdominal organs in individuals of a brachymorphic physique (8.3%). Open approaches are shown in benign lesions of the AG more than 8 cm in diameter, generalized forms of adrenocortical cancer (ACC) (T3-4N0-2M0-1), malignant paragangliomas with signs of invasion or distant metastasis (n = 9.7%). Conclusions: multispiral computed tomography allows, before the operation, to carry out adequate planning of the safest surgical access for adrenalectomy, avoiding the development of intra- and postoperative complications, minimizing operative trauma, shortening the operating time, and speeding up the medical and social rehabilitation of patients.
ANALYSIS OF OUTCOMES SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS
Authors: Romashchenko P N , Maistrenko N A , Lysyuk V M
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study: evaluate the possibility of surgical method in the treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 283 patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GI NET) and pancreas (PNET) were studied. Women were 60.8 %, the average age - 55.8 years. Examination of patients was carried out using laboratory (chromogranin-A, serotonin, 5-GIUK, insulin, gastrin), instrumental (ultrasound, CT, MRI, EGD, FCS, PET 68Ga-DOTATOC) and morphological (histology, immunohistochemistry) diagnostic methods. Results. Surgical treatment was performed in 233 (82.3 %) cases. Endoscopic tumor removal was performed in 56.7% of patients with localized GI NET. Postoperative complications in localized and locally advanced GI NET developed in 8.1 % and 9.5% of cases. Patients localized PNET enucleation was performed in 54.7 % of cases, median resection - 3.1 %, head resection - 4.7%, distal resection - 26.6%, pancreatoduodenal resection (PD) - 10.9 %. In cases of locally advanced PNET surgical treatment was performed distal resection in 58.3 % of patients, PD - 16.7 %, head resection - 25 %. There were no significant differences in the frequency of postoperative complications in patients with localized (37.9 %) and locally advanced (41.7 %) PNET (p 0.05). In generalized NET cytoreduction was performed in 13.7 % of patients, removal of the primary tumor - 32.6 %. Median survival of patients after cytoreduction, primary tumor removal, drug therapy in an isolated version was 43.4 months., 38.9 months. and 24 months. (p 0.05). The 5-year survival rate of patients with localized NET was 81.9%, locally advanced - 57.1%, generalized - 27.6%. Conclusion. The surgical method is the main in the treatment of patients with localized and locally advanced NET. In cases of generalized NET, multidisciplinary assessment of the possibility of surgical treatment of patients is necessary in all cases.
EXTRAPERITONEOSCOPIC PROSTATEСTOMY: SURGICAL TECHNIQUES PRESERVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE PATIENT
Authors: Parshin V V , Gvasalia B R , Stegantsev D I , Esipov A S , Kochetov A D
Published: July 2021

Objective.Radical prostatectomy (RPE) performed without preserving the neurovascular bundles and the pubovesical complex has a great risk of developing urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction, which significantly impairs the quality of life of patients with prostate cancer in the postoperative period. Methods. The effectiveness of surgical treatment was assessed in 22 patients (mean age 57.6 ± 6.4 years) with a diagnosis of prostate cancer, who underwent extraperitoneoscopic intrafascial nerve-saving radical prostatectomy with preservation of the pubovesical complex. The criteria for the effectiveness of this technique of surgical treatment were considered the preservation of erectile function and the absence of urinary incontinence in the early and late postoperative period. Results. In the postoperative period, all patients were continent; in 3-4 months, erectile function was restored without additional stimulation by phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Conclusions.The described technique demands detailed understanding by the surgeon of the surgical anatomy of the prostate and the basic surgical principles of nerve preservation in order to significantly improve the quality of life of patients in the postoperative period.
IMPLEMENTATION OF LAPAROSCOPIC APPROACH IN A KIDNEY CANCER SURGERY - A SINGLE CANCER’S CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Unguryan V M , Pobedintseva Yu A , Kruglov E A , Filimonov E V , Goncharov A N , Babich A I , Shakhmatov Ya A , Ilin A A
Published: July 2021

Renal cell cancer or renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. In Russia (2017 year) it accounts for approximately 3.7% of adult malignancies.Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) now is a gold standard in treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the world. In Russia laparoscopic nephrectomy (radical and partial) have been commonly performed at a large multicenter hospitals with the large number of patients and relatively rare at single regional cancer centers. Implementation of laparoscopic approach in a renal cell cancer surgery in a safe and timely manner will improve quality and accessibility of minimally invasive surgery in a regional cancer centers. Aims: evaluate complication rate, surgical operation time, mortality rate implementing minimally invasive surgical technique in renal cell cancer surgery - a single cancer’s center experience. Summary: 174 patients underwent surgery using laparoscopic technique for renal cell cancer. All patients were divided on 2 equal groups, depending on the time required to master laparoscopic technique. Outcome measures included operation time, conversion rate, blood loss, mortality rate, readmission and postoperative complication rates and time of impatient care. Result: Main outcome variables(operation time, conversion rate, time of impatient care, mortality rates, postoperative complication rates) reach a plateau in the learning curve after 94 operation. It is important to mention that during the whole period of implementing laparoscopic technique for renal cell cancer postoperative complication rates, mortality rates and operation time were comparable with the data available in the literature. Conclusion: It is shown that the introduction of minimally invasive technologies into a renal cell cancer surgery is relatively safe and possible under the given conditions, while the time of mastering laparoscopic technique in regional cancer center is comparable with the data available in the literature.
Use of ultraviolet radiation in modern medicine (Literature review).
Authors: Markevich P S , Alekhnovich A V , Kislenko A M , Esipov A A
Published: July 2021

The article describes the main directions and areas of application of ultraviolet radiation in clinical practice. A special place is given to the mechanisms of biological effects of ultraviolet radiation, therapeutic effects, as well as the main indications, contraindications, equipment for the use of this method of treatment at the present time. Ultraviolet radiation in all possible methods and methods of delivery to biological tissues is of high importance in modern practice, effectively used in most sections of medicine - surgery, urology, gynecology, dermatology, pulmonology, cardiology, otorhinolaryngology, hematology, immunology and many others. This forms the basis for a wider introduction of UV radiation, further improvement of equipment and methods of its application in practical medicine.
Algorithm for diagnosing bronchial asthma in citizens of military age.
Authors: Zakrevskii Yu N , Arkhangelskii D A , Balakhnov D O , Lemeshko P N
Published: July 2021

Despite the presence of various international and Russian documents regulating the diagnosis of bronchial asthma, in everyday practice, doctors are constantey face a significant problem when confirming or excluding this disease in people of military age during their medical examination. This is due to the peculiarity of the natural course of the disease in military age: frequent long-term remissions, the predominance of mild or asymptomatic, normal indicators of respiratory function in the remission phase. It was necessary to revise the algorithm for diagnosing asthma in this category of persons in order to avoid making the wrong expert decisions. It has been taken into account that service in the army, with increased physical and emotional loads, exposure to various adverse environmental conditions can be a factor in both debut and exacerbation of the disease. Attention is drawn to the need for an integrated approach in conducting a survey before making a decision on the final rendering of a medical opinion. At the same time, a specific allergological examination, evaluation of spirographic studies, testing aimed at confirming the preserved bronchial hyperreactivity, and in controversial cases, inhalation tests with a clinically significant allergen are mandatory.
Revascularization of the lower limb in multisegmental atherosclerotic lesions.
Authors: Pinchuk O V , Obraztsov A V , Yamenskov V V , Rakov A A , Abrosimov A A
Published: July 2021

The issues of surgical treatment of multisegmental atherosclerotic lesions of lower limb arteries are considered. Data and analysis of own observations are given. The experience of 9 rare shunt operations of «long» shunts is summarized. Such operations, as an alternative to amputation, can be performed with an adequate assessment of the state of the arterial vascular bed and a strictly individual approach. In some cases, such methods of revascularization provide direct compensation for the blood circulation of the limb with a long-term positive result.
To the 100th anniversary of the opening of the State Higher Medical School in the Moscow Military Hospital.
Authors: Kryukov E V , Kostyuchenko O M , Bobylev V A , Ovchinnikova M B
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the State Higher Medical School, opened in March 1919 in the Moscow Military Hospital, which was due to the need of the new Soviet state for highly educated medical personnel. The Higher Medical School was a kind of continuation of the traditions of training medical personnel at the Moscow Hospital after the medical-surgical school and the Moscow Medical-Surgical Academy.
Opening of main medical building in the Branch N 1 of the A.A.Vishnevsky 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
Authors: Meshkov A V , Nezhivov R N , Galik V P , Musailov V A
Published: July 2021

In the Branch N 1 of the A.A.Vishnevsky 3rd Central Military Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in December 2018, the ceremonial opening of the newly created operating unit, the intensive care unit and the main medical building after the repair took place. Presentations were made by the Head of the Main Military Medical Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation Dmitry Trishkin and the head of the branch, Colonel of Medical Service Andrei Meshkov. The commissioning of new units after repair will allow for a short period to realize a new stage in the development of the hospital.
Multipattern botulinum toxin therapy of post-comatose long-term consciousness disorders: central effects
Authors: Vainshenker Yu I , Zinserling V A , Melucheva L A , Bobrova V V , Korotkov A D , Ivchenko I M , Tsygan N V , Odinak M M , Litvinenko I V
Published: July 2021

The data of electroencephalography, evoked potentials of the brain and positron emission tomography are analyzed before and 3 weeks after the multipattern botulinum toxin therapy of spasticity in 25 patients with post-comatose long-term consciousness disorders, including one patient who died against the backdrop gradual improvement of consciousness from acute heart failure four months after the end of second course of multipattern botulinum toxin therapy. Found that improvements of the brain functional state against the backdrop of reduced spasticity were observed regardless of primary brain damage origin, level of consciousness and of multipattern botulinum toxin therapy course repeatability. The observed dynamics of neurophysiological indicators had a normalizing direction, some differences associated with the initial level of consciousness. Electrophysiological changes during the improvement of consciousness against the background of multipattern botulinum toxin therapy were not specific. Features of improving energy metabolism in the certain areas of the brain could be caused by just such treatment, and reflected the contribution of pathological sensorimotor integration in maintaining impaired consciousness. Postmortem neuromorphological study of the patient brain identified progenitor stem and proliferating cells and newly formed neurons in brain areas whose in-life functional state was continuously improving, newly formed neurons migrating flow through the corpus callosum and diffuse activation of axonogenesis. We assume that the central effect of multipattern botulinum toxin therapy associated with improvement of consciousness, may be a double. The first is immediate, due to a decrease in pathological afferentation from the muscles, the second - apparently deferred and prolonged, manifested in the activation of functional neurogenesis and axonogenesis in the brain. The continuation of complex multimodal research on the study of post-comatose long-term consciousness disorders seems promising.
Experience in consulting with the use of telemedicine technologies in psychiatry and narcology
Authors: Skripov V S , Semenova N V , Kochorova L V , Shvedova A A , Chekhonadsky I I
Published: July 2021

The results of the telemedicine advisory center, organized on the basis of the Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute, for the semi-annual period (from October 2018 to March 2019). The center provides scheduled consultations on the profiles of «psychiatry» and «psychiatry - narcology». Consultations are organized through the circulation of documents in the system developed by the Ministry of Health of Russia and the All-Russian Center for Disaster Medicine «Protection». For half a year of work of the telemedicine center from the subordinate regions (Southern, North-Western, North-Caucasian and Volga federal districts) 76 requests for consultations were received. More than half (57,9%) of patients requiring telemedicine consultation were women. The largest number of requests for telemedicine consultations came in February 2019. It has been established that the Southern Federal District showed the greatest interest in consultations with the use of telemedicine technologies, the number of their requests was 35,5%, and the smallest number of requests came from the North-West Federal District. 88,2% of all complaints were in the «psychiatry» profile, 11,8% - «psychiatry - narcology». 90,9% of women and84.4% of men received counseling on the «psychiatry» profile. 30,2% of requests were returned to doctors for revision, due to the lack of completeness of the documents provided. At the end of the consultation, a medical report is sent to the attending physician, which indicates recommendations for the further management of the patient. Recommendations on the need for additional examinations and the appointment of drug therapy received 52,8% of patients, respectively.
In memory of Academician Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (on the 170th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Apchel V Ya , Morgoshiia T Sh
Published: July 2021

The main years of the life and scientific creativity of I.P. Pavlova. Illuminated little-known facts from the life of a scientist. It is noted that IP Pavlov is one of the most prominent representatives of modern natural science, the creator of the materialistic theory of higher nervous activity of humans and animals, the founder of the largest physiological school of modernity and new approaches and methods of research in physiology. Pavlov I.P, studied many topical problems of physiology and medicine, but his most systematic and thorough research relates to the physiology of the circulatory and digestive systems, as well as the higher parts of the central nervous system: they are rightfully considered classic, which opened new pages in the relevant sections of physiology and medicine. New and valuable were the results of his research also on individual issues of the physiology of the endocrine system, comparative physiology, physiology of labor and pharmacology. Being deeply convinced that “for a natural scientist, everything is in a method,” IP Pavlov elaborated and introduced the practice of physiological research into the method of a chronic experiment, based on the need for a multilateral and detailed study of the body’s functions in natural conditions, in inseparable communication and interaction with the environment. This method brought the physiology out of the impasse created by a one-sided, analytical method of acute vivisection experiment that prevailed for a long time. Used in the early works of Pavlov on the physiology of blood circulation, the method of chronic experiment was elevated to the rank of a new scientific experimental principle in basic research on the physiology of digestion and then perfected when studying the functions of the higher parts of the central nervous system. Pavlov I.P comprehensively researched and studied the dynamics of the secretory process of the gastric and salivary glands, pancreatic glands, the work of the liver in the use of food of different quality, proved their ability to adapt to the nature of the causative agents of secretion. Created by Pavlov’s theory of higher nervous activity is one of the greatest achievements of natural science in the 20th century. It is a system of the most reliable, complete, accurate and deep knowledge of brain functions and is of great practical importance for medicine, psychology, pedagogy, and scientific organization of complex labor processes.
About some genetic terms, their content and education
Authors: Daev Eugene V.
Published: July 2021

Ambiguity of genetic terms usage leads to their misinterpretation and learning difficulties. The content of some concepts is analyzed as well as haziness and mistakes in usage of corresponding terms such as gene, allele, genotype, phenotype, polymorphism, heritability, variability and few others. Limitations of the model dividing separately impact of the environment and genotype in a feature formation are explored. The interaction of the environment and hereditary material is suggested as basic factor of genetic and phonetic variability.
Genetic polymorphism of ToxB+ Pyrenophora tritici-repentis strains
Authors: Mironenko Nina V. , Orina Aleksandra S. , Kovalenko Nadezhda M.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: The phytotoxin Ptr ToxB as well as Ptr ToxA is one of the pathogenic factors of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, that cause leaf chlorosis on susceptible wheat varieties, and is encoded by ToxB gene. P. tritici-repentis strains with ToxB gene are rather rare worldwide.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The object of the study was 37 strains isolated from the leaves of wheat grown in Greece. The virulence of the strains was analyzed and the presence of effector genes as well as the average copy number of ToxB was determined.
RESULTS: The race composition of P. tritici-repentis population turned out to be mainly represented by the avirulent race 4 (50% of the strains). Strains of race 1 were not found, while strains of other races were found with a low frequency in the population. All analyzed P. tritici-repentis strains had ToxB gene in the genome, while its homologues and ToxA gene were not detected. The average copy number (R) of ToxB in three P. tritici-repentis strains varied from 0.24 to 1.22. The average copy number of ToxB in the mitotic generation of P. tritici-repentis Gr8 strain, which was characterized by the lowest value of R = 0.24, varied from 0.01 to 0.74 and, on average, turned out to be 2 times higher than in the original strain Gr8.
CONCLUSION: Presumably, P. tritici-repentis has a mechanism that gives ToxB+ nuclei an advantage in the division rate over ToxB nuclei. This mechanism indicates the existence of an additional function of this gene that is not associated with pathogenicity.
Genotoxic markers in patients with diabetes mellitus (Literature review)
Authors: Eremina Natalya V. , Zhanataev Aliy K. , Lisitsyn Artem A. , Durnev Andrey D.
Published: July 2021

This paper considers studies aimed at identifying markers of genotoxicity (chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, and DNA damage assessed by the DNA comet assay) in patients with both gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and diabetes type 1 and 2 (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), as well as possible changes in the levels of these genotoxic markers under the influence of medicines and nutritions. Patients with T2DM are characterized by an increased level of genotoxicity markers. The results of genotoxicity markers in patients with T1DM and GDM studies are contradictory, however, they indicate the presence of an increased genotoxic load rather than its absence. The levels of genotoxic damage in diabetic patients may be reduced by physical exercises, diet, and/or hypoglycemic drugs. Metformin, Afobazole and Noopept are recommended for experimental and clinical studies as possible drug candidates that reduce the levels of genotoxic biomarkers in diabetic patients.
Genotoxic effect of restraint and stress pheromone on somatic and germ cells of mouse males Mus musculus L.
Authors: Shcherbinina Veronika D. , Petrova Marina V. , Glinin Timofey S. , Daev Eugene V.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Different stressors affect the genome integrity, but the mechanisms of such action are underexplored.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bone marrow and testicular cells of CBA and CD-1 mouse males were used to estimate their genome integrity after stressor action by the comet assay.
RESULTS: It is shown here that restraint and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine both increase damaged cell frequency in bone marrow as well as in testes of mouse males. For the first time the effect of immobilization and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine in testicular cells is demonstrated using the comet assay. Both stressors have similar effects in cells of both tissues analyzed.
CONCLUSION: Mechanisms of the effects and possible role in microevolution are under discussion.
Tibetan blockprint from Khara-Khoto preserved in the Collection of the IOM, RAS
Authors: Turanskaya Anna A.
Published: July 2021

Fragments of Tibetan manuscripts and block prints from Khara-Khoto that were transferred to the Asiatic Museum after the P.K. Kozlovs Mongolia and Sichuan Expedition, have been insufficiently studied. As the result of the cataloguing project initiated by the researchers of the IOM, RAS in 2018, an unknown Tibetan block print was discovered. The preserved fragment includes two texts dedicated to Buddhist Deity Majuśrī. This paper presents the brief archaeographic description of the block print, transliteration and translation of the preserved parts of texts.
Pengaruh Kajian Praktik Lapangan (KPL) dan Pembelajaran Microteaching Terhadap Kesiapan Mengajar Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Universitas Negeri Malang
Authors: Galangrendika Ahmad Habib
Published: July 2021

KPL and mictroteaching study are course programs of education as an effort to equip and give an experience of real teaching to education students. This study used ex post facto research method with quantitative approach. Population and sample of this study were Mechanical Engineering Education students of 2015 generation. Instrument used in this study as data collecting technique was an questionnaire. Results of study: 1) Analysis result of hypothesis test of KPL showed significance (0,001 < 0,05). 2) Analysis result of hypothesis test of microteaching study showed significance (0,000 > 0,05). 3) Analysis result of F test (simultaneity test) KPL and microteaching study showed significance (0,000 < 0,05) and Fcount  > Ftable (57,642 > 3,11).Keywords: Kajian Praktik Lapangan (KPL), Microteaching Study, Readiness in Teaching
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BEARING CAMSHAFT TERHADAP PERFORMA MESIN PADA MOTOR BENSIN 4 LANGKAH 150 CC
Authors: Al Banjari Muhammad Arsad
Published: July 2021

Abstract: This study aims to determine the effect of modification camshaft with addition needle roller bearing on the left and right side. After that compare the engine performance with the standard camshaft on the motorbike Suzuki Satria F150. The method used is an experiment. The test is carried out on the dyno test by paying attention to the value of engine speed, engine power, and the highest torque produced without limiting the gas valve opening. The results showed that after modification with the addition of a needle roller bearing the highest engine power was 18.70 HP and 12.23 N.m of torque at an engine speed of 10,888 RPM. With the addition of a needle roller bearing to the camshaft, the engine power was increased by 2.08 HP and the torque value was increased to 2 N.m Keywords: camshaft, needle roller bearing, engine performance
Evaluasi Peningkatan Practical Skills Siswa SMK Melalui Pelaksanaan Pelajaran Pekerjaan Dasar Teknik Mesin Berbasis Work-Based Learning
Authors: Hardianto Putro Sabbihisma Fattah
Published: July 2021

Abstract: work-based learning is work-based learning that is being developed in various vocational high schools to improve the practical skills that are owned by learners. Increasing practical skills can be maximally able to make it easier for learners to compete for work when passing the study of PDTM. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the learning outcomes using the work-based learning method with the CIPP method. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach, with the type of poll instruments and performed on the PDTM subjects in SMK Turen. The subjects were reached by a tpm class of 10. 180 students and conducted research into 60 learners as sample trials and 120 learners as research samples. The data analysis techniques use descriptive and grouped the percentages of likert scales. Improved practical skills evaluated using cipp methods namely context, input, process, and product. The results showed that the study of pdtm in smk turen, which uses work-based learning method, can improve the practical skills of students well even though there are still some indicators that have to be improved. The expectation is in order to improve the skills of practical skills to maximum students. Keyword: work based learning, practical skills
Analisis perawatan mesin batching plant menggunakan metode reliability centered maintenance (RCM)
Authors: Al Farisi Muhammad Naufal
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Mesin batching plant adalah mesin yang besar dan kompleks untuk membuat beton cair maupun padat. Pada perusahaan beton masih terjadi banyak downtime. Penelitian saya akan memberikan rekomendasi berupa penerapan preventive maintenance terhadap mesin batching plant. Reliability Centered Maintenance adalah metode untuk mendapatkan preventive maintenance dengan berdasar pada nilai keandalan mesin. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan nilai availability pada komponen gearbox sebesar 99.33%, untuk komponen bucket mixer sebesar 99.88%, komponen seal sebesar 99.78% dan komponen pillow block dengan nilai availability sebesar 99.88% maka didapatkan nilai rata rata availability setelah dilakukan penerapan metode RCM adalah 99.71% . Kata kunci: Availability, Downtime, Reliability Centered Maintenance.
Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Aliran Gas Pelindung dan Kuat Arus Pengelasan GMAW pada Baja ASTM A36 terhadap Kekuatan Uji Tarik
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad , Marsono Marsono , Edy Duwi Leksono
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi kecepatan aliran gas pelindung terhadap kekuatan uji tarik dan pengaruh variasi kuat arus terhadap kekuatan uji tarik. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan eksperimen dengan desain rancangan pre experimental design. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh hasil, nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi pada kecepatan aliran gas pelindung 15 liter/menit dan kuat arus 180 A yaitu sebesar 441,97 MPa, sedangkan nilai kekuatan tarik terendah pada kecepatan aliran gas pelindung 25 liter/menit pada kuat arus 120 A yaitu sebesar 427,70 MPa. Kata kunci: GMAW, Kuat Arus, Kecepatan Aliran Gas Pelindung, Kekuatan uji tarik
Rancang Bangun Kacamata Pengubah Suara Menjadi Teks
Authors: Suryadi Ridwan Maulana
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Kacamata pengubah suara menjadi teks merupakan alat yang di rancang menggunakan program yang telah di setting untuk dapat menangkap suara melalui aplikasi voice recorder selanjutnya di proses hingga di rubah menjadi teks dan muncul pada bagian LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), yang di nilai lebih efisien untuk penyandang tuna rungu. Alat yang dibuat mempunyai bentuk ergonomis dengan program arduino uno yang sudah dicoding dengan bantuan sensor bluetooth. Hasil dari pengujian alat ini dapat memudahkan penyandang tuna rungu dalam komunikasi.  Kata kunci: Kacamata, Tunarungu, Komunikasi, Sistem koding, Arduino uno.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Sekolah dan Efikasi Diri Guru terhadap Etos Kerja Guru
Authors: Rahmawati Diyah Rieka , Sobri Ahmad Yusuf
Published: July 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to: (1) describe the school's organizational culture, teacher's self-efficacy, and work ethic for public high school teachers in Pasuruan City; (2) describe the influence of school organizational culture, self-efficacy on work ethics both partially and simultaneously; (3) knowing the differences in characteristics between high school and vocational school. The research method used is a quantitative approach with descriptive data analysis and multiple linear regression. The results of the study showed: school organizational culture, teacher self-efficacy, and work ethic of state senior high school teachers in Pasuruan in a fairly good category; there are significant effects both partially and simultaneously each with a significance value of 0.000 less than 0.05; there are differences in characteristics between high school and vocational school with the acquisition of Fcount is 10.4 greater than Ftable is 1.39 at the 0.05 significance level.

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan budaya organisasi sekolah, efikasi diri guru, dan etos kerja guru SLTA Negeri di Kota Pasuruan; (2) mendeskripsikan pengaruh budaya organisasi sekolah, efikasi diri terhadap etos kerja baik secara parsial maupun simultan; (3) mengetahui adanya perbedaan karakteristik antara SMA dengan SMK. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis data deskriptif dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: budaya organisasi sekolah, efikasi diri guru, dan etos kerja guru SLTA Negeri di Kota Pasuruan dalam kategori cukup baik; terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan budaya organisasi sekolah, efikasi diri guru, dan etos kerja baik secara parsial maupun simultan masing-masing dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 kurang dari 0,05; adanya perbedaan karakteristik antara SMA dengan SMK dengan perolehan nilai Fhitung sama dengan 10,4 lebih dari Ftabel sama dengan 1,39 pada taraf signifikansi 0,05.
Existe associação entre colonização por Candida spp. e doença periodontal – resultados de uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Santos Bruna Michalski dos , Rocha Lilian Santos , Dias Eliane Pedra
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o nível da evidência científica disponível que associa Candida spp. com a periodontite. Material e Métodos: Para tal, foi realizada uma busca eletrônica nas principais bases eletrônicas de dados (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Grey literature) sem restrição ao idioma ou data de publicação sobre estudos caso-controle, revisões sistemáticas e metanálises que avaliavam a associação entre a presença de Candida spp. em pacientes com periodontite e pacientes saudáveis. O risco de viés dos estudos foi avaliado por meio do critério Newcastle-Ottawa para estudos caso-controle e os dados relacionados aos parâmetros estatísticos de interesse (p.ex.: razão de chances, intervalo de confiança e p-valor) foram extraídos dos estudos. Resultados: Foram identificados inicialmente 1553 artigos, contudo apenas 04 preencheram os critérios de inclusão e foram incluídos para análise. O alto risco de viés foi considerado apenas para um estudo. Dentre os estudos selecionados, dois demonstraram que pacientes com periodontite apresentam maior concentração de Candida sp. em sítios subgengivais quando comparados a pacientes sadios. Conclusão: Com base nos resultados, foi possível estabelecer a associação entre a presença de Candida spp. em sítios subgengivais com a periodontite. No entanto, o número de estudos sobre o tema ainda é pequeno. Recomenda-se a realização de mais estudos caso-controle para que um melhor consenso possa ser definido.
A New Efficient Agent to Chemo-mechanical Caries Removal
Authors: Meyfarth Sandra , Cassano Karen , Warol Flavio , Santos Marcia De Deus , Scarparo Angela
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma breve revisão da literatura sobre remoção químico-mecânica da cárie e descrever um caso clínico com a utilização de um novo produto. De acordo com o diagnóstico clínico e radiográfico, o dente apresentava lesão de cárie em dentina sem comprometimento pulpar. Foi utilizado um novo produto químico-mecânico, BRIX 3000®, para remoção da cárie com 1 aplicação de gel por 2 minutos. Posteriormente, a cavidade foi restaurada usando um compósito bulk fill flow e uma resina composta convencional para estratificação final. Levando em consideração o caso clínico apresentado, a aplicação do gel BRIX 3000® parece ser uma boa alternativa para a remoção da cárie seguida de um tratamento restaurador, uma vez que o desconforto da criança diminuiu, resultando em um comportamento positivo. BRIX 3000 é um método eficiente de remoção químico-mecânica da cárie.
Prevalence of Oral Lesions in Dermatological Diseases: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Souza Thays Teixeira de , Pêssoa Thiago Moreira , Ramos Ruth Tramontani , Cantisano Marilia Heffer , Silva-Junior Geraldo Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer a prevalência das lesões orais nas doenças dermatológicas. Material e Métodos: A população do estudo consistiu de 119 pacientes com dermatoses (conforme prontuário). Os dados demográficos e clínicos coletados incluem sexo, cor da pele, idade do diagnóstico e localização anatômica de lesão. Resultados: Prevalência significativa do sexo feminino (n = 74; 63%; p = 0,01) e cor de pele branca (n=7; 65%; p<0,001). A idade do diagnóstico variou de 10 a 86 anos, com alta prevalência de indivíduos >20 anos (n= 6; 73%; p=0,05). A lesão mais frequente foi o pênfigo vulgar (38%), seguido de líquen plano oral (30%); Penfigóide (17%); Lúpus Eritematoso (10%); Eritema multiforme e Epidermólise bolhosa (3%); Estomatite Ulcerativa Crônica e Pioestomatite vegetante (1%). Conclusão: As doenças dermatológicas podem afetar a mucosa oral, causando impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, o que compreendeu principalmente a população jovem em nosso estudo. O pênfigo vulgar foi a doença mais prevalente. O monitoramento contínuo por uma equipe multidisciplinar é essencial, uma vez que esse grupo de doenças não tem cura e/ou prognóstico variável.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ КОРОНАКРИЗИ НА ЕКОНОМІКУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Шевчук Тетяна , Сідельник Олена , Кравчук Галина
Published: July 2021

Розглянуто особливості та характер економічної кризи, спричиненої пандемією COVID-19; оцінки, зроблені науковцями-аналітиками стосовно прогнозів перебігу коронакризи і факторів, які несуть загрозу світовій економіці. Україна опинилася в новій системі ризиків, пов’язаних зі світовою економічною рецесією, що спонукало сповільнення економічної динаміки. Проведено аналіз впливу введення суворих карантинних умов на різні сфери економічної діяльності в Україні. Зменшення ділової активності, спровоковане пандемією, погіршенням кон’юнктури на світових ринках низки промислових товарів, послабленням інвестиційної діяльності тощо спричинило зниження показників усіх секторів економіки. Аналіз реального ВВП показав, що 2020 року економіка повернулася до показників 2012 року. Відповідно значно знизилися показники виконання державного бюджету України. Банківська система країни також перебуває у складних умовах. Однак ситуація на грошово-кредитному ринку залишається стабільною і банківська система має досить високий рівень ліквідності. Банки володіють достатніми ресурсами для безперебійної діяльності навіть в умовах погіршення настроїв населення і бізнесу під впливом негативних новин зі світових ринків. Уперше в історії під час кризи банківські установи не стали фактором посилення економічної нестабільності.