bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atık LFP Bataryaların Geri Dönüşümü
Authors: AVCI Gizem , ÖZDEMİR Alp
Published: November 2023

Son yıllarda, atık lityum iyon bataryalardan (LIB'ler) değerli metallerin geri kazanımı, yüksek çevresel etki potansiyelleri ve metalik kaynakların sürdürülebilir şekilde kullanılamaması nedeniyle önemli hale gelmiştir. Düşük maliyet ve yüksek güvenlik avantajları nedeniyle farklı LIB türlerinden biri olan lityum demir fosfat (LFP) bataryalarının kullanımı artmakta ve bununla birlikte atık LFP bataryaların oluşum miktarı da her geçen gün artmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak, atık LFP bataryalardaki değerli metallerin geri kazanılması, üretim ve otomotiv şirketlerinin çoğu LFP malzemelerine yöneldiği için çok önemlidir. Atık LFP bataryalar, içerdikleri az sayıda değerli metal nedeniyle daha az ilgi görmüştür, ancak atık batarya geri dönüşüm yöntemleri ekonomi, çevre ve insan sağlığını iyileştirmiştir. Ekonomik Li geri kazanım teknolojilerinin geliştirilmesi, elektrikli araç ve atık LFP batarya endüstrilerinin uzun vadeli büyümesi ve faydaları için çok önemlidir. Mevcut derleme makalesi, bataryaların geri dönüşüm süreciyle ilgili sorunları, değerli metallerin çıkarılması ihtiyacını ve batarya geri dönüşümü için olası yöntemleri irdelemektedir. Hücrelerin mekanik ön arıtımı, aktif katot malzemesinin hidrometalurjik işlemi gibi yöntemler, atık LFP batarya geri dönüşümü için en verimli yöntem seçeneği olarak görülmektedir. Buna ek olarak, deşarj yöntemlerinden sonra aktif malzemelerden bileşenlerin ve metallerin geri kazanılması, güvenli bir şekilde uzaklaştırılması ve ön işlemden geçirilmesi ağırlıklı olarak hidrometalurjik yöntemlerle gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu teknolojilerin daha fazla ölçeklendirilmesi ihtiyacı ve temel zorluklar bu çalışmada sunulmakta ve tartışılmaktadır. Önerilen incelemenin, atık LFP batarya geri dönüşüm süreçlerinin anlaşılmasına yardımcı olacağına inanılmaktadır
AISI 1050 çeliğinin tornalanmasında minimum miktarda yağlamanın (MMY) kesme kuvvetleri ve yüzey pürüzlüğü üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması
Authors: YAĞMUR Selçuk
Published: November 2023

Geleneksel soğutma yöntemlerinin gerek insan sağlığına gerekse çevreye vermiş olduğu zararlardan dolayı kullanımı son yıllarda oldukça azalmıştır. Bu soğutma yönteminin yerine daha çevreci, ekonomik ve geleneksel soğutma yöntemlerine göre insan sağlığı açısında olumsuzluk yaratmayacak olan soğutma yöntemi kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada AISI 1050 çeliği üç farklı kesme hızı (340, 400 ve 460 m/dak) ve iki farklı ilerleme miktarında (0,2 ve 0,3 mm/dev) tornalanmasında kesme şartlarının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Deneyler kuru kesme koşulunda ve 90, 150 ve 200 ml/saat minimum miktarda yağlama (MMY) akış hızında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler sonrasında kesme parametrelerinin ve kesme şartlarının ortalama yüzey pürüzlüğü ve kesme kuvvetleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen değerler doğrultusunda minimum miktarda yağlama uygulamasının ve akış hızı artışının kesme kuvvetlerini ve ortalama yüzey pürüzlüğü değerlerini olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. En düşük ortalama yüzey pürüzlüğü değeri 1,42 µm olarak elde edilmiştir. En düşük kesme kuvveti ise 1084 N olarak ölçülmüştür.
Valor del agua en la producción agrícola bajo riego en México
Authors: Montesillo-Cedillo José Luis
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de la investigación fue cuantificar el aporte que el agua hizo al valor de la producción agrícola bajo la modalidad de riego en México durante el periodo 1980-2017. Para tal fin, con base en la metodología econométrica, se estimó un modelo logarítmico hiperbólico o recíproco logarítmico, pertinente para una función producción cuando se considera solo un insumo mientras los demás permanecen constantes. La variable explicada fue el logaritmo natural del valor de la producción agrícola bajo riego al nivel nacional en pesos constantes de 2013, la variable explicativa fue la inversa del agua suministrada para riego en hectómetros cúbicos; ambas variables fueron I(0). Se comprobó que las regiones hidrológico-administrativas I, II, III, IV, VI, VII y VIII -estados del norte y del bajío del país- concentran el 89.4% del total de la superficie de riego nacional, regiones hidrológico-administrativas, que fueron altamente beneficiadas con las inversiones federales en los distritos y las unidades de riego. Durante el periodo analizado se detectaron dos cambios estructurales: 1) de 1980-1987; y 2) de 2009-2017. Se concluyó que el aporte del agua al valor de la producción bajo riego registró tendencia positiva, en 1980 fue de $0.39 m-3 y para 2017 de $1.92 m-3, para el periodo 1980-1987 de $0.39 m-3, para 1988-2008 de $1.11 m-3, para 2009-2017 de $1.74 m-3. Finalmente, el aporte promedio, del periodo considerado, del agua al valor de la producción bajo riego en México fue de $1.11 m-3.
DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO E OS IMPACTOS NO VÍNCULO MATERNO-INFANTIL
Authors: Araújo Gabriele Teixeira , Corezzolla Aline Cristina , Oliveira Maria Luiza Pinheiro de , Viegas Maria Eduarda de Oliveira , Antunes Eliza Maria Souza , Souza Gustavo Cordeiro Candote de , Oliveira Francisco Ariclene , Lima Jessane Thifanny de , Oliveira Iranildo Lopes de , Paiva Jocilene da Silva
Published: November 2023

A depressão pós-parto é uma forma específica de depressão que ocorre após o parto e pode
persistir por semanas, meses ou até mesmo anos. Estima-se que afete cerca de 10 a 15% das
mulheres no período pós-parto (Gavin et al., 2020). Essa condição é caracterizada por sintomas
como tristeza intensa, sentimentos de culpa, baixa autoestima, perda de interesse nas atividades
cotidianas e distúrbios do sono e do apetite (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Pesquisas
têm mostrado que a depressão pós-parto está associada a uma série de desafios para a mãe, mas
também pode ter consequências negativas para o bebê.
URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA
Authors: Freitas Fernanda Flávia Barreto de
Published: November 2023

A gestão de situações de urgência e emergência nas escolas é crucial para garantir a segurança e o bem-estar de alunos, professores e funcionários. Dessa forma, é fundamental abordar esse tema na educação e a importância da preparação para professores e funcionários, uma vez que o conhecimento em primeiros socorros é imprescindível para segurança dos alunos em emergências, como incêndios, parada cardiorrespiratória, atentados, entre outros, a segurança dos alunos é a prioridade máxima. Professores e funcionários devem estar preparados para agir rapidamente, seguindo os procedimentos adequados para garantir a evacuação segura dos estudantes ou a reanimação cardiopulmonar.
Ademais, professores e funcionários devem ser treinados em técnicas de primeiros socorros. Em casos de acidentes ou incidentes médicos, uma resposta rápida e eficaz pode fazer a diferença até a chegada dos profissionais de saúde. A capacidade de comunicação eficaz durante uma emergência é crucial. Professores e funcionários precisam saber como informar às autoridades, aos pais e aos responsáveis sobre a situação em andamento. A educação sobre segurança também inclui a prevenção de situações de risco. Isso pode envolver práticas regulares de simulações de evacuação, inspeções de segurança e conscientização sobre ameaças potenciais.
Emergências podem ter um impacto emocional significativo em alunos, professores e funcionários. A preparação também inclui o suporte emocional e psicológico para lidar com o estresse e o trauma associados a essas situações. As escolas, portanto, são parte integrante das comunidades locais. Professores e funcionários desempenham um papel essencial na cooperação com serviços de emergência locais e na colaboração com a comunidade para garantir uma resposta eficiente e eficaz. A preparação para emergências não se limita a treinamentos práticos, é importante promover uma cultura de segurança na escola, incentivando a vigilância, a comunicação aberta sobre questões de segurança e a participação ativa na implementação.
Influxos das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) no novo Plano Pedagógico do Curso de Direito da UFC
Authors: Marques Junior William Paiva
Published: November 2023

A nova matriz curricular da Faculdade de Direito da UFC foi delineada a partir das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) dos Cursos de Graduação em Direito, por meio da Resolução nº 05/2018 do Conselho Nacional de Educação (CNE). No modelo tradicional, o aluno tem o dever de conhecer as normas jurídicas e a doutrina a elas concernente em uma sociedade educada para o acúmulo de informações. Na contemporaneidade, o paradigma do acúmulo de informações foi rompido, pois essas são armazenadas sobretudo em banco de dados, e a comunicação se realiza com mais velocidade, por vários canais. Requer-se do profissional principalmente senso pós-crítico, visão propositiva e ética para lidar com problemas inesperados, conforme modelo prospectivo do Plano Pedagógico do Curso de Direito da UFC. Utiliza-se, como metodologia, de pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica por meio da análise de livros, artigos jurídicos, documentos pedagógico-educacionais, da legislação e da jurisprudência. A pesquisa é pura, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, com finalidade descritiva e exploratória.
A democracia representativa brasileira e seus matizes participativos
Authors: Aguiar Carlos Eduardo Ferreira
Published: November 2023

A democracia demonstra-se como o sistema mais propício à realização de direitos, promovendo a limitação da interferência do Estado na autonomia da vida privada bem como oportuniza a realização de condições mínimas de existência. Os paradigmas do Estado Liberal e do Estado Social são corroborados com a participação do povo na tomada de decisões, e a partir disso, objetiva-se compreender o regime democrático sob a ótica de pensadores clássicos, tais como Bobbio, Dahl e Tocqueville, com fito no esclarecimento da realização da incipiente democracia brasileira de molde representativa com tópicos participativos, fazendo uso do escrutínio de uma potencial decisão paradigmática acerca da realização da democracia participativa no Brasil. A decisão em comento se refere à Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade n° 244-9 do Rio de Janeiro, em que se discutiu a possibilidade da realização de um tópico de democracia participativa censitária na Constituição Estadual. Nessa perspectiva, é adotada a seguinte pergunta de partida: como a ADI n° 244-9/RJ possibilita uma melhor compreensão da democracia representativa brasileira e seus matizes participativos? Foi utilizado o método hipotético dedutivo na construção a pergunta de partida, intermediado por uma pesquisa qualitativa na interface da filosofia do direito e o direito constitucional, realizando-se na sequência uma revisão teórico-bibliográfica bem como por meio do método documental, sendo um estudo de natureza pura, descritivo e exploratório quanto aos objetivos. O estudo aponta que a promoção de mecanismos participativos não pode inferir uma não simetria com as normas constitucionais bem como deve ser deferente ao regime democrático vigente.
PENETAPAN JENIS KELAMIN ENTOK (Cairina moschata) UMUR YANG BERBEDA BERDASARKAN MORFOMETRIK LEHER, LINGKAR DADA DAN PANJANG TUBUH
Authors: Astuti Dwi Puji
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data morfometrik untuk mengetahui jenis kelamin entok (Cairina moschata) sedini mungkin dengan menggunakan variabel lingkar leher, panjang leher, lingkar dada dan panjang tubuh. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah entok jantan dan betina dengan umur sehari (DOD), 2 minggu, 4 minggu, 6 minggu, dan 8 minggu. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 10 ekor jantan dan 10 ekor betina dengan total sampel sebanyak 20 ekor entok. Bagian tubuh entok diukur menggunakan pita pengukur dengan akurasi 0,5 mm. Hasil pengukuran diolah dengan menggunakan uji Manova Repeated Measure pada SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang dan diameter tubuh jantan lebih besar dari betina setiap kelompok umur. Tingkat pertumbuhan yang berbeda dipengaruhi oleh faktor endogen (genetik dan hormonal) dan faktor eksogen (pakan dan lingkungan). Hormon yang berperan dalam pertumbuhan antara lain hormon testosteron. Hormon testosteron bekerja sama dengan hormon pertumbuhan yang memainkan peran penting dalam periode pertumbuhan, sehingga jantan tumbuh lebih cepat, serta konsumsi pakan dan tingginya agresivitas pada hewan jantan menjadi salah satu penyebab ukuran morfometrik jantan menjadi lebih besar dari betina.
COURAGE IN R. J. PALACIO’S NOVEL WONDER
Authors: Assyifa Tita , Suhadi Muhammad Fatih
Published: November 2023

This research is entitled Courage in R. J. Palacio's Novel Wonder. This study focuses on the types of courage and the factors behind the courageous actions taken by August Pullman as a protagonist in the novel. It examines what actions are considered courageous actions and what factors affect the courageous actions. This study used the qualitative method as the research method because the data is not numerical. The type of data in the study is the text from two data sources, i.e., primary data and secondary data. The primary data source is the novel, and the secondary data source is the related information. The aim of this study is to find out what types of courage are given by the protagonist and what factors cause him to be courageous in the novel. The writers used Dungate’s theory of the six types of courage to classify the types. The study also applied the study conducted by Rate et al. in implicit theories of courage to classify the factors of courageous actions. The result of the study shows that first, the types of courage found in the protagonist are physical courage, social courage, intellectual courage, and emotional courage; second, the factors that can be found in the protagonist are external circumstances, affective, and motivational factors.
INJUSTICE IN EKA KURNIWAN’S NOVEL BEAUTY IS A WOUND
Authors: Harahap Fatmaliza , Asnani Asnani
Published: November 2023

This study entitled Injustice in Eka Kurniawan’s Novel Beauty is a Wound focuses on the injustice experienced by some women, Dewi Ayu and her four daughters. The main purpose of this study is to determine the types of injustice experienced by some women. In analyzing the novel Beauty is a Wound, descriptive research method was used to identify, classify and analyze the data. The collected data are divided into two categories: primary data and secondary data. The primary data is the novel Beauty is a Wound (2002) itself. The secondary data are some books and literatures related to the analysis such as from books or journals of injustice issues, from the internet and other relevant information to the analysis. The data are collected through library research. The result of the study shows that there are three types of injustice found in the novel. They are discrimination, subordination and violence.
Online Feedback in Interactive Blogging: Cultivating Students’ Writing Performance and Learning Engagement
Authors: Sulistyo Teguh , Widiastuti Oktavia , Mafulah Siti , Puspitasari Yunita , Holland Tim
Published: November 2023

Integrating Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into language learning has shifted how English classes are administered. The shift in teaching instruction from pen and paper-based activities to online-based approaches has led to interactive blogging to make the classes more authentic, motivating, and communicative. Thus, this paper mainly examines two significant issues: 1) how interactive blogging benefited the writing class when online feedback took place and 2) how the EFL students actively participated in the interactive blogging atmospheres. This study employed school-based action research involving 30 students majoring in the English Language Program of a university in Malang, Indonesia, who actively participated in the study. The data were taken from interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and writing tests. The findings revealed that online feedback in interactive blogging increases students’ writing performance covering CAF (complexity, accuracy, and fluency), and it enables students to interact more frequently with their teacher and classmates inside and outside the classroom. This indicates that teachers must empower students with technologies and more student-student and student-teacher interactions in writing classes. However, it is not as easy as paper and pen-based writing activities when giving and understanding online feedback.
Analysis of medical preferences in the treatment of allergic diseases using over-the-counter medications
Authors: Izrafilova V.A. , Skorohodkina O.V. , Valeeva A.R. , Delayn V.Yu. , Garifullina G.Kh. , Umarova N.N. , Egorova S.N.
Published: November 2023

About 30% of the population of the planet Earth suffers from allergic diseases (AD). Allergic conditions involve multiple body organs and systems and their presentation may vary. This variable presentation makes it difficult for a pharmacist to choose and offer a patient the most effective and safe medication while also explaining the patient why the offered over the counter medication (OTC medication) is the most appropriate for them. A pharmacist may greatly benefit from knowing what OTC medicines are preferred by physicians - allergists when treating certain types of allergic diseases (AD). The goal of the study: analysis of physician’s preferences when treating certain types of AD using different pharmacologic groups of OTC allergy medications and comparison of the obtained data with clinical recommendations (CR) with a goal of using the results for clinical consultations of the patients at the pharmacy. METHODS: a group expert opinion method using a questionnaire was used to collect expert opinions of 16 physicians-allergists. This questionnaire contained comparison OTC allergy medications that are used for treatment of certain AD. A Method of Main Components (MMC) model was used for creating of matrix «Effectiveness of OTC allergy medications». RESULTS: the study found that the main sources of knowledge about allergy medications for physicians-allergists are clinical recommendations and standards of treatment (56,25%), and the effectiveness serves as the most important factor when choosing between allergy medications (4.96 points out of 6). Graphically represented MMC model revealed 2 main trends concerning symptoms of AD: 1) symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and 2) skin symptoms of allergic dermatitis (Al D). MMC model allowed for interpretation of data allowing comparison of OTC allergy medications effectiveness in relieving of AD symptoms. This made possible grouping of OTC allergy medications into clusters: 1) the most effective in relieving systemic and local symptoms of AR and AC, 2) the most effective in relieving systemic and local symptoms of Al D, and 3) oral OTC allergy medications equally effective in relieving of both symptoms of AR/AC and Al D. CONCLUSION: study results allowed to reveal OTC allergy medications preferences of physicians-allergists for relieving symptoms of certain allergic conditions. A database of OTC allergy medications was created to facilitate pharmacy consulting for a responsive self-treatment of allergy with consideration of an individual patient’s symptoms. Theoretical knowledge about different groups of OTC allergy medications, their properties and characteristics, combined with new insights about their effectiveness and safety based on practical knowledge of physicians-allergists, will allow a pharmacist to provide consulting better suited to individual patient’s needs.
Open Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection as Validation of the Results of Preoperative Multiparametric Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Detection of Lymph Node Metastases in Intermediate- and High-risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Golovko Serhii , Klymenko Yaroslav
Published: November 2023

The objective: to evaluate the prognostic significance of the use of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) with the analysis of such indicators as sensitivity and specificity in patients with prostate cancer (PC) of intermediate and high risk during open extended pelvic lymph node dissection (EPLND) with subsequent histological control.
Materials and methods. In a retrospective comparative study, which was conducted during 2011–2021, the medical histories of 517 men who had preoperative mpMRI examination in one highly specialized diagnostic center before the puncture biopsy were analyzed. Intermediate or high-risk prostate cancer was first diagnosed and histologically confirmed in the patients, and open radical prostatectomy (RPE) was performed in two other medical institutions.
During the study, MRI parameters such as sensitivity and specificity were analyzed, cases of positive MRI were compared with the results of a pathomorphological examination of lymph nodes (LN) to reveal the relationship between the PSA level, Gleason index, location of the lesion and size of the LN, and the feasibility of radical treatment was also analyzed.
Results. During the study, metastases in lymph nodes (LN+) were detected in 31 (5.9%) patients. At the same time, MRI results were positive in 49 (9.4%) patients. Individual sensitivity of mpMRI was 30.4%, specificity - 90.6%. MRI-positive cases were significantly more often detected with an increased number of LN (on average, 5.4 vs. 2.3; p˂0.001) and with larger diameter LN (14.4 vs. 5.3 mm; p<0.05).
The results of the study show that the prognostic model using preoperative MRI and risk stratification according to the program of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network of the USA (NCCN) increases the diagnostic accuracy of detecting LN lesions.
Conclusions. MRI has a rather limited sensitivity for routine staging of LN. MRI-positive cases are mostly found with significant damage to the LN. In combination with NCCN risk nomograms, preoperative mpMRI may improve the predictive value of studies.
Heart Failure Clinic: A Practical Guide for Health Practitioners in Hospitals
Authors: Laksono Sidhi
Published: November 2023

Heart failure is still the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in healthcare in the world. Although the development of the latest drugs and therapeutic devices for heart failure is growing, the life expectancy of patients with heart failure is still low. This is because the hospital has not developed a special heart failure clinic consisting of cross-sectional experts. This heart failure clinic will provide therapy according to heart failure guidelines and will discuss with the patient what therapy is suitable for his condition. This clinic is expected to be a link with advances in technology and medical therapy to improve the quality of life of heart failure patients.
Yoga Pranayama Reduce Anxiety Facing Labor In Pregnant Women Trimester III at PMB in the work area of the Abiansemal I Health Center
Authors: Widiastini Luh Putu , Manik Karuniadi I Gusti Agung
Published: November 2023

Women during pregnancy will experience physiological changes and psychological changes. Changes that occur can cause feelings of fear, anxiety, so that it affects pregnancy and childbirth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pranayama yoga on the anxiety of pregnant women in dealing with childbirth at PMB in the work area of the Abiansemal I Health Center. This study used a quantitative research method with a Quasy experimental type of research. The design used in this study is a nonequivalent control group design, the sample is carried out by non-probability sampling, namely total sampling. The sample in this study was 70 pregnant women who would be divided into two groups, namely 35 for the treatment group who would be given yoga pranayama and 35 people for the control group who would be given leaflets. The data were analyzed using analysis using the Mann-Whitney test with a confidence level of p≤0.05. The results show significance for the experimental group given the yoga pranayama technique, namely p value = 0.000, so it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of pranayama yoga technique on anxiety facing labor in third trimester pregnant women
Relationship between Stress Level and Tension Type Headache among Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University
Authors: Bilahmar Saphira Qayyum , Hutahaean Yetty Octavia , Nugroho Hary
Published: November 2023

Background: Tension Type Headache (TTH) is the most common type of primary headache. TTH has a major impact on the productivity and social activities of the sufferers, especially students. The most common risk factor for TTH is stress, risk of getting TTH increased along with the stress level. Aims: This study aims to determine the relationship between stress levels and TTH among students of the Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University. Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University. The stress levels in this study were measured with the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) questionnaire. The incidence of TTH was assessed with the Headache Screening Questionnaire-Dutch Version (HSQ-DV). 217 respondents from the academic year 2018-2021 carried out with stratified random sampling technique.Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced moderate stress (82.5%) and TTH was 54.4%. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square obtained p-value 0,565. Conclusions: There was no relationship between stress level and the incidence of TTH among students of the Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University.
Increasing the accuracy of the stabilization complex
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Bezvesilna Ylena , Kyrychuk Yuriy ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Tolochko Tetiana ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: November 2023

The monograph presents a scientific study in which an important scientific and technical problem is solved, which consists in determining the methods and means of improving the accuracy characteristics of the instrument system for measuring mechanical parameters and stabilization, improving the main characteristics of stabilizers, improving methods of measuring mechanical quantities that affect the functioning of stabilizers ( angle of installation of sensors of angular speed, stiffness, backlash, moments of resistance to rotation of the stabilizer guidance channels, etc.) in extreme operating conditions (a wide range of external vibration and temperature disturbances) by using the proposed new precision methods and means. The monograph contains relevant programs and algorithms. It is intended for master's students, postgraduate students, doctoral students, teachers of higher educational institutions and specialists of scientific divisions and institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and other scientific organizations.
Перспективы развития мясного скотоводства России в условиях кооперации
Authors: Федотова Гилян Васильевна , Джанчарова Гульнара Каримхановна , Капустина Юлия Александровна , Болаев Баатр Канурович
Published: November 2023

Оценено современное состояние мясного скотоводства в России в новых геополитических условиях и трансформации устоявшихся мирохозяйственных связей. Возрождение аграрного сектора РФ происходит неравномерно, так как все еще остаются недостигнутыми некоторые индикаторы продовольственной безопасности по молоку, овощам и бахчевым культурам. В структуре мясных продуктов важную роль играют свинина и мясо птицы, так как именно данными видами мяса достигается индикатор по мясу. Говядина производится в стране в недостаточном объеме, что требует дополнительного импорта для внутреннего потребления и доказывает наличие системных проблем в отрасли мясного скотоводства. Для выявления хронических проблем в отрасли изучена статистика производства говядины и динамика поголовья мясных пород КРС в стране за период с 1990 по 2022 г. Сравнены хозяйственные характеристики основных наиболее распространенных пород мясного скота в хозяйствах России, что позволило установить особенности каждой породы, сделать выводы об их достоинствах и недостатках. Установлено, что основная проблема отрасли — отсутствие крупных инвестиций из-за длительного производственного цикла животноводческих предприятий. Выход из данной ситуации предложен мировой практикой организации кластерного производства в животноводческой отрасли, в котором присутствует тесная кооперация и узкая специализация сельхозтоваропроизводителей.
Sample Size Calculation and Optimal Design for Multivariate Regression-Based Norming
Authors: Innocenti Francesco , Candel Math J. J. M. , Tan Frans E. S. , van Breukelen Gerard J. P.
Published: November 2023

Normative studies are needed to obtain norms for comparing individuals with the reference population on relevant clinical or educational measures. Norms can be obtained in an efficient way by regressing the test score on relevant predictors, such as age and sex. When several measures are normed with the same sample, a multivariate regression-based approach must be adopted for at least two reasons: (1) to take into account the correlations between the measures of the same subject, in order to test certain scientific hypotheses and to reduce misclassification of subjects in clinical practice, and (2) to reduce the number of significance tests involved in selecting predictors for the purpose of norming, thus preventing the inflation of the type I error rate. A new multivariate regression-based approach is proposed that combines all measures for an individual through the Mahalanobis distance, thus providing an indicator of the individual’s overall performance. Furthermore, optimal designs for the normative study are derived under five multivariate polynomial regression models, assuming multivariate normality and homoscedasticity of the residuals, and efficient robust designs are presented in case of uncertainty about the correct model for the analysis of the normative sample. Sample size calculation formulas are provided for the new Mahalanobis distance-based approach. The results are illustrated with data from the Maastricht Aging Study (MAAS).
A phylogenetic assessment of a fungicolous lineage in Coniocybomycetes: Chaenotricha, a new genus of Trichaptum-inhabiting species
Authors: Suija A. , McMullin R.T. , Lõhmus P.
Published: November 2023

The globally distributed genus Trichaptum is one of the most species-rich among polypores in terms of hosting other fungi. Among Trichaptum-associates, there is a group of mazaediate lichenized fungi (Coniocybomycetes, Ascomycota) that previously had an uncertain
phylogenetic position. DNA sequences – mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), nuclear large subunit rDNA (nuLSU), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) – were obtained from 29 specimens collected from Europe and North America. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of
these three gene loci were used to infer phylogenetic position and relationships among lineages. Statistical tests were used to find which phenotypical characteristics distinguish species. The molecular sequence data provide evidence that the fungicolous specimens form a distinct lineage within
Coniocybomycetes sister to the combined clade of Chaenotheca s. lat. and Sclerophora. Considering its phylogenetic placement and strict specialization, we describe a new genus – Chaenotricha. This fungicolous lineage contains three species based on molecular
characteristics. Morphological characters mostly overlap except for spore size and stalk length of apothecia. We provide a new combination, Chaenotricha obscura, for the only previously described species for which we designate an epitype, and introduce a new species – Chaenotricha
cilians. The third lineage remains undescribed because of a small sample size, which did not allow us to clearly delineate species boundaries.
Questionable research methods: One-sample tests have no power
Authors: Witte Erich H.
Published: November 2023

For savings in data collection, Cohen (1977) proposed that instead of a full Neyman-Pearson test (NPTT), only one sample should be collected, and this sample value could be compared to a constant, error-free value. This saves considerable resources around the 75% of the general sample but allows all the information of an NPTT to be used, including the planning of the sample size and the calculation of the power. On closer inspection, this is an epistemological contradiction because you cannot measure error-free. In fact, all these tests are only Fisher tests (NHST). Therefore, nothing can be said about the quality of the experimental condition (α,β,d,n) but only about the probability of the constant´s deviation from the mean of empirical observations under a random distribution (p).
Open Research as an Imperative for Institutions: Boosting Research, Revenue, and Reputation
Authors: Henderson Emma Louise , Jacobs Neil , Farran Emily Kate
Published: November 2023

In an era characterised by unprecedented global challenges, Open Research practices have emerged as a powerful catalyst for research quality, transparency, and collaboration. Open Research need not be in tension with other drivers such as commercialisation, privacy, or national security, and it can boost institutional reputation and income. This briefing note sets out why Open Research should be a strategic imperative for institutions seeking to thrive in a dynamic academic landscape. Note: for a PDF of the document see V1, for a Word version see V2.
Folk Psychological Attributions of Consciousness to Large Language Models
Authors: Colombatto Clara , Fleming Stephen M
Published: November 2023

Technological advances raise new puzzles and challenges for cognitive science and thestudy of how humans think about and interact with artificial intelligence (AI). For example, theadvent of Large Language Models and their human-like linguistic abilities has raised substantialdebate regarding whether or not AI could be conscious. Here we consider the question ofwhether AI could have subjective experiences such as feelings and sensations(“phenomenological consciousness”). While experts from many fields have weighed in on thisissue in academic and public discourse, it remains unknown how the general populationattributes phenomenology to AI. We surveyed a sample of US residents (N=300) and found thata majority of participants were willing to attribute phenomenological consciousness to LLMs.These attributions were robust, as they predicted attributions of mental states typically associatedwith phenomenology – but also flexible, as they were sensitive to individual differences such asusage frequency. Overall, these results show how folk intuitions about AI consciousness candiverge from expert intuitions – with important implications for the legal and ethical status of AI.
Toward the Emergence of Intelligent Control: Episodic Generalization and Optimization
Authors: Giallanza Tyler , Campbell Declan , Cohen Jonathan D.
Published: November 2023

Human cognition is unique in its ability to perform a wide range of tasks and to learn new tasks quickly. Both abilities have long been associated with the acquisition of knowledge that can generalize across tasks and the flexible use of that knowledge to execute goal-directed behavior. We investigate how this emerges in a neural network by describing and testing the Episodic Generalization and Optimization (EGO) framework. The framework consists of an episodic memory module, which rapidly learns relationships between stimuli; a semantic pathway, which more slowly learns how stimuli map to responses; and a recurrent context module, which maintains a representation of task-relevant context information, integrates this over time, and uses it both to recall context-relevant memories (in episodic memory) and to bias processing in favor of context-relevant features and responses (in the semantic pathway). We use the framework to address empirical phenomena across reinforcement learning, event segmentation, and category learning, showing in simulations that the same set of underlying mechanisms accounts for human performance in all three domains. The results demonstrate how the components of the EGO framework can efficiently learn knowledge that can be flexibly generalized across tasks, furthering our understanding of how humans can quickly learn how to perform a wide range of tasks — a capability that is fundamental to human intelligence.
Overcoming learning traps with summative feedback
Authors: Lee Jaimie , Hayes Brett , Li Amy Xiangjin
Published: November 2023

Learning traps arise when early experience leads to a false belief about the reward structure of the environment which, in turn, leads to avoidance of rewarding options. Previous work on the negative effects of such traps have focused on static learning environments. The current work examines an additional negative effect of learning traps in dynamic environments – blindness to change in the features that predict decision outcomes. In two experiments (N = 416), participants had to decide whether to approach members of two different categories, respectively associated with either gains or losses. Early in learning, a category rule involving two feature dimensions predicted category membership. Subsequently, there was a change in the feature composition of this rule. When outcome feedback was only provided when an item was approached, a substantial proportion of participants fell into the trap of using a simple one-dimensional rule to guide approach decisions. Most of these participants did not notice the subsequent rule change and never learned the new rule. Signaling the possibility of rule change (Experiment 2) had no effect on change blindness for those in the learning trap, but did improve learning of the new rule for those who initially avoided the trap.
Musical chills induce psychological insight
Authors: Schoeller Felix , Jain Abhinandan , Christov-Moore Leonardo , Reggente Nicco
Published: November 2023

Aesthetic chills involve pleasurable bodily sensations co-occurring with self-transcendent emotions. In this study, 94 participants were exposed to pre-validated musical stimuli with chills-inducing potential. Participants experiencing chills reported significantly greater psychological insight and emotional awareness compared to non-chills controls. Chills intensity positively correlated with insight and emotional awareness. These results suggest that interoceptive signals may precipitate cognitive-emotional shifts. Further research should explore the role of bodily manipulations across altered states.
PrePrint_Independent_effects_bilingualism_ageing_R2
Authors: Fernandes Eunice G.
Published: November 2023

To examine the combined effects of ageing and bilingualism in language processing, we tested young and older mono- and bilingual speakers in L1 comprehension and production. In Experiment 1, bilinguals detected words slower than monolinguals in sentences with a low-constraint context, but not when a high-constraint context was provided. Older adults tended to outperform younger adults in high-constraint sentences. In Experiment 2, older speakers were slower than younger speakers to produce small-scope prepositional phrases (e.g., ‘the cone above the grape), suggesting more extensive planning. Bilingual disadvantages were observed in larger-scope complex phrases (e.g., ‘the cone and the pink grape’). The results overall support bilingual disadvantages in syntactic processing and age-preserved syntax, alongside semantic processing unaffected by either bilingualism or age. We found no interactions between age and bilingualism, suggesting that these two factors independently impact on language processing.
Collaborative Mentoring for In-service Teachers’ Well-being in the Nepalese Context
Authors: Dahal Gyanu
Published: November 2023

Teachers experience challenges in their teaching careers these days. The challenges sometimes may affect their personal and professional well-being. Therefore, to address these issues, teachers need to develop collaborative relationships with other teachers and engage in self–reflection activities. This study aims to explore the usefulness of building collaborative relationships through collaborative mentoring for teachers’ emotional and mental well-being. A review of selected literature examines collaborative mentoring as beneficial for teachers’ well-being as it enables teachers to reflect on their classroom practices and provide and receive support and feedback from their colleagues. I used a qualitative research paradigm to study the impact of collaborative mentoring on the emotional and mental well-being of six private school teachers. The data was collected from teachers' reflective journals and semi-structured interviews. The results seem to indicate collaborative mentoring is useful for teachers' mental and emotional well-being as well as professional development. This study is useful for those who are planning to research mentoring and collaborative mentoring, teachers' well-being, and teacher education.
Financial stabilization directions of the national economy in the marital law conditions .
Authors: Makohon Valentyna , Adamenko Iryna
Published: November 2023

Actuality of the research topic. Financial stabilization of the national economy is a strategic task of state institutions in the martial law conditions. Formulation of the problem. Military actions on the territory of Ukraine update the issues of implementing a sound financial and budgetary policy for the stabilization of the national economy. Analysis of recent research and publications. The formation and implementation challenges of the financial and budgetary policy of national economy stabilization are revealed in the scientific studies of: J. Keynes, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, V. Tanzi, L. Lysiak, I. Lukianenko, A. Mazaraki, A. Nikitishina, M. Pasichny, Yu. Radionov, I. Chugunov and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The current status of the research on the problem requires a clear foundation of the national economy financial stabilization directions. Financial and budgetary policy adaptation to the changes in macroeconomic conditions. Setting the task, the goal of the research. The purpose of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of the financial and budgetary policy of Ukraine implementation and to substantiate the national economy financial stabilization directions in the martial law conditions. Method or methodology of research. General scientific and special methods based on the systematic study of financial and economic phenomena and processes are used, namely: dialectical, complex analysis, scientific generalization, concretization, generalization of theoretical and practical material, sampling, scientific abstraction, economic and statistical. Presentation of the main material (work results). The role of financial and budgetary policy as a tool for stabilizing the national economy is defined. The peculiarities of the implementation of the financial and budgetary policy of Ukraine are revealed. The assessments of the main macroeconomic and financial and budgetary indicators are carried out. Reasoned directions of financial stabilization of the national economy in the conditions of martial law. Field of application of results. The results of the research can be applied in the field of public finance and public administration. Conclusions according to the article. Financial and budgetary policy is a powerful tool for regulating socio-economic processes that in the martial law conditions faces obstacles that make it necessary to strengthen its validity. The strategic areas of the national economy financial stabilization in the martial law conditions should include: ensuring a balance between financing the most state budget critical items, supporting the most vulnerable sections of the population and stimulating of the economy recovery, improving the mechanism for mobilizing budget revenues and increasing the public resources efficiency, ensuring conditions to minimize financial risks and maintain price stability.
Activities of banking institutions on the financial market of Ukraine
Authors: Nechyporenko Alina
Published: November 2023

The subject of the research is the theoretical, methodological and practical principles of the activity of banking institutions in the financial market of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study of the peculiarities of the activity of banking institutions on the financial market of Ukraine in modern conditions. Method or methodology of research. In order to solve the set tasks in the article, a set of methods of scientific knowledge was used, which made it possible to realize the conceptual unity of scientific research. The system method, the method of comparison, analysis, scientific abstraction and generalization is applied. Results of the article. The article examines the peculiarities of banking institutions in the financial market of Ukraine. Factors influencing the development and activity of banking institutions are systematized. The need for prompt response and adaptation of banking institutions to changes in the dynamic external environment for their successful activity was determined. The dynamics of the main activity indicators of Ukrainian banks for 2013–2022 were studied and analyzed. The dynamics of revenues, expenses, and financial results of Ukrainian banks were considered. It is noted that the profitability of assets and the profitability of banks' capital are important indicators that testify to the effectiveness of banking institutions in the financial market of Ukraine, their dynamics during the analyzed period were considered and relevant conclusions were drawn. Field of application of results. The results of the research can be used by banking institutions in order to optimize their activities. Conclusions. Banking institutions occupy an important place in the financial market of Ukraine. The study of the latest trends in indicators of the activity of banking institutions in Ukraine shows that during the analyzed period the number of banks is constantly decreasing. In addition, the banking crisis, which was observed in the period 2014–2017, was noticeable on the activity of banks. Also, the trend towards a decrease in the share of bank assets in GDP is characteristic of the modern banking system. Therefore, taking into account the difficult times of functioning of banks in Ukraine, it is necessary to take a set of measures to increase the efficiency of their activities on the financial market.