bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Intersection Between Health Professionals’ Learning and eHealth Data: Protocol for a Comprehensive Research Program in Practice Analytics in Health Care
Authors: Janssen Anna , Talic Stella , Gasevic Dragan , Kay Judy , Shaw Tim
Published: September 2021

Background

There is an increasing amount of electronic data sitting within the health system. These data have untapped potential to improve clinical practice if extracted efficiently and harnessed to change the behavior of health professionals. Furthermore, there is an increasing expectation from the government and peak bodies that both individual health professionals and health care organizations will use electronic data for a range of applications, including improving health service delivery and informing clinical practice and professional accreditation.

Objective

The aim of this research program is to make eHealth data captured within tertiary health care organizations more actionable to health professionals for use in practice reflection, professional development, and other quality improvement activities.

Methods

A multidisciplinary approach was used to connect academic experts from core disciplines of health and medicine, education and learning sciences, and engineering and information communication technology with government and health service partners to identify key problems preventing the health care industry from using electronic data to support health professional learning. This multidisciplinary approach was used to design a large-scale research program to solve the problem of making eHealth data more accessible to health professionals for practice reflection. The program will be delivered over 5 years by doctoral candidates undertaking research projects with discrete aims that run in parallel to achieving this program’s objectives.

Results

The process used to develop the research program identified 7 doctoral research projects to answer the program objectives, split across 3 streams.

Conclusions

This research program has the potential to successfully unpack electronic data siloed within clinical sites and enable health professionals to use them to reflect on their practice and deliver informed and improved care. The program will contribute to current practices by fostering stronger connections between industry and academia, interlinking doctoral research projects to solve complex problems, and creating new knowledge for clinical sites on how data can be used to understand and improve performance. Furthermore, the program aims to affect policy by developing insights on how professional development programs may be strengthened to enhance their alignment with clinical practice. The key contributions of this paper include the introduction of a new conceptualized research program, Practice Analytics in Health care, by describing the foundational academic disciplines that the program is formed of and presenting scientific methods for its design and development.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/27984
Impact of a Mobile Telerehabilitation Solution on Metabolic Health Outcomes and Rehabilitation Adherence in Patients With Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bughin François , Bui Gaspard , Ayoub Bronia , Blervaque Leo , Saey Didier , Avignon Antoine , Brun Jean Frédéric , Molinari Nicolas , Pomies Pascal , Mercier Jacques , Gouzi Fares , Hayot Maurice
Published: September 2021

Background

Obesity is a major public health issue. Combining exercise training, nutrition, and therapeutic education in metabolic rehabilitation (MR) is recommended for obesity management. However, evidence from randomized controlled studies is lacking. In addition, MR is associated with poor patient adherence. Mobile health devices improve access to MR components.

Objective

The aim of this study is to compare the changes in body composition, anthropometric parameters, exercise capacity, and quality of life (QOL) within 12 weeks of patients in the telerehabilitation (TR) program to those of usual care patients with obesity.

Methods

This was a parallel-design randomized controlled study. In total, 50 patients with obesity (BMI>30 kg/m²) were included in a TR group (TRG) or a usual care group (UCG) for 12 weeks. Patients underwent biometric impedance analyses, metabolic exercise tests, actimetry, and QOL and satisfaction questionnaires. The primary outcome was the change in fat mass at 12 weeks from baseline. Secondary outcomes were changes in body weight, metabolic parameters, exercise capacity, QOL, patients’ adhesion, and satisfaction.

Results

A total of 49 patients completed the study. No significant group × time interaction was found for fat mass (TRG: mean 1.7 kg, SD 2.6 kg; UCG: mean 1.2 kg, SD 2.4 kg; P=.48). Compared with the UCG, TRG patients tended to significantly improve their waist to hip ratios (TRG: −0.01 kg, SD 0.04; UCG: +0.01 kg, SD 0.06; P=.07) and improved QOL physical impact (TRG: +21.8, SD 43.6; UCG: −1.2, SD 15.4; P=.005). Significant time effects were observed for body composition, 6-minute walk test distance, exercise metabolism, sedentary time, and QOL. Adherence (95%) and satisfaction in the TRG were good.

Conclusions

In adults with obesity, the TR program was not superior to usual care for improving body composition. However, TR was able to deliver full multidisciplinary rehabilitation to patients with obesity and improve some health outcomes. Given the patients’ adherence and satisfaction, pragmatic programs should consider mobile health devices to improve access to MR. Further studies are warranted to further establish the benefits that TR has over usual care.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03396666; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03396666
Digital Technologies for Monitoring and Improving Treatment Adherence in Children and Adolescents With Asthma: Scoping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Lam Ching , Meinert Edward
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Inadequate pediatric asthma care has resulted in potentially avoidable unplanned hospital admissions and morbidity. A wide variety of digital technologies have been developed to monitor and support treatment adherence in children and adolescents with asthma. However, existing reviews need to be updated and expanded to provide an overview of the current state of research on these technologies and how they are being integrated into existing health care services and care pathways.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to provide an overview of the current research landscape and knowledge gaps regarding the use of digital technologies to support the care of children and adolescents with asthma.

METHODS

This study was structured according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) and Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study frameworks. Five databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched for studies published in English from 2014 onward. Two reviewers independently screened the references and selected studies for inclusion based on the eligibility criteria. Data were systematically extracted per research question, which were synthesized in a descriptive analysis.

RESULTS

A wide variety of study characteristics, including the number and age of participants, study duration, and type of digital intervention, were identified. There was mixed evidence for the effectiveness of the interventions. Of the 10 studies that evaluated treatment adherence, 7 (70%) found improvements, but the evidence was inconsistent for asthma control (6/9, 67% of studies reported improvement or maintenance, but only 1 was significantly different between groups) and health outcome variables (5/9, 56% of studies found no evidence of effectiveness). The 6 studies that examined patient perceptions and assessments of acceptability and usability generally had positive findings.

CONCLUSIONS

A wide range of digital interventions are being developed and evaluated to support the monitoring and treatment adherence of children and adolescents with asthma. Meta-analyses are inhibited by the use of samples with a variety of overlapping age ranges; a theoretical framework for evaluating specific age groups would aid comparison between studies. Most studies found significant evidence for improved adherence to treatment or medications, but there was mixed evidence of the impact of the digital interventions on asthma control and other health outcomes. There are gaps in the literature relating to cost-effectiveness and integration with existing clinical care pathways. This study will be necessary to determine which digital interventions for children and young people with asthma are worth supporting and adopting in the clinical care pathways.

CLINICALTRIAL
Workarounds in Electronic Health Record Systems and the Revised Sociotechnical Electronic Health Record Workaround Analysis Framework: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Blijleven Vincent , Hoxha Florian , Jaspers Monique
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Electronic health record (EHR) system users devise workarounds to cope with mismatches between workflows designed in the EHR and preferred workflows in practice. Although workarounds appear beneficial at first sight, they frequently jeopardize patient safety, the quality of care, and the efficiency of care.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to aid in identifying, analyzing, and resolving EHR workarounds; the Sociotechnical EHR Workaround Analysis (SEWA) framework was published in 2019. Although the framework was based on a large case study, the framework still required theoretical validation, refinement, and enrichment.

METHODS

A scoping literature review was performed on studies related to EHR workarounds published between 2010 and 2021 in the MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, or IEEE databases. A total of 737 studies were retrieved, of which 62 (8.4%) were included in the final analysis. Using an analytic framework, the included studies were investigated to uncover the rationales that EHR users have for workarounds, attributes characterizing workarounds, possible scopes, and types of perceived impacts of workarounds.

RESULTS

The SEWA framework was theoretically validated and extended based on the scoping review. Extensive support for the pre-existing rationales, attributes, possible scopes, and types of impact was found in the included studies. Moreover, 7 new rationales, 4 new attributes, and 3 new types of impact were incorporated. Similarly, the descriptions of multiple pre-existing rationales for workarounds were refined to describe each rationale more accurately.

CONCLUSIONS

SEWA is now grounded in the existing body of peer-reviewed empirical evidence on EHR workarounds and, as such, provides a theoretically validated and more complete synthesis of EHR workaround rationales, attributes, possible scopes, and types of impact. The revised SEWA framework can aid researchers and practitioners in a wider range of health care settings to identify, analyze, and resolve workarounds. This will improve user-centered EHR design and redesign, ultimately leading to improved patient safety, quality of care, and efficiency of care.
Features of statographic indicators of patients with coxarthrosis before and after arthroplasty
Authors: Bondarenko S.E. , Badnaui A. , Karpinskaya O.D.
Published: September 2021

Background. Degenerative diseases of the hip joints are accompanied not only by pain, but also by changes in the anatomical proportions of the joint. Hip replacement eliminates pain syndrome, in most patients the anatomical proportions of the joints are restored, but if the clinical outcome of arthroplasty can be assessed radiologically, the result of functional recovery is difficult to assess, especially in dynamics. Statographic research today is one of the main diagnostic methods to monitor the recovery of patients after orthopedic surgeries. Purpose: according to statographic studies to determine the parameters that reflect the functional ability of patients to maintain an upright posture and monitor their changes in the recovery process after hip replacement surgery. Materials and methods. We examined 50 patients with degenerative diseases of the hip joint before and after arthroplasty. Data from standard study protocols were analyzed. Results. Before the operation, the oscillation coefficient differs markedly from the norm for all types of stance. Six months after surgery, normalization of swing is observed at single and double leg stance on a healthy extremity, but for the prosthetic limb, the oscillation coefficient does not improve significantly. Before the operation in double leg stance, there was a shift of the center of mass towards a healthy limb, after 6 months the deviation is significantly reduced. At single leg stance, there is a noticeable shift of the body towards a healthy limb, which decreases after arthroplasty. After surgery, patients have a decrease in the deviation of the body backwards in all types of stance, as well as a decrease in the rotation of the body in single leg stance, the load on the operated limb increases. Conclusions. In patients with coxarthrosis, the support ability of the damaged limb is impaired, which is confirmed by the displacement of the center of mass towards a healthy limb, the load on the foot of the affected limb decreases, the ability to maintain balance is reduced in both double and leg single stance. Monitoring these parameters is a mean to control the restoration of the function of maintaining the balance in patients after hip arthroplasty.
Features of physical and sexual development in school-aged children with psychosomatic disorders
Authors: Lebets I.S. , Turchina S.I. , Matkovska T.M. , Novokhatska S.V. , Nikonova V.V. , Kostenko T.O. , Shushlyapina O.V.
Published: September 2021

Background. Monitoring of physical and sexual development indicators using standards appropriate to age and sex, especially in children with chronic diseases is the most important element of management of children and adolescents with various pathologies because it allows managing the treatment process and improving it timely. Unfortunately, these issues have not been studied enough today. The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of somatic and mental diseases on the physical and sexual development impairments in school-age children. Materials and methods. Nine hundred and thirty-five patients aged 10–17 years (boys — 441, girls — 494) with the following pathology were examined: diabetes mellitus type 1, diffuse nontoxic goiter (DNG) with various menstrual disorders (girls with abnormal uterine bleeding), and girls with hypomenorrhea syndrome (HMS), mental disorders (functional and organic), systemic connective tissue dysplasia, secondary cardiomyopathy, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The comparison group enrolled healthy children of the same age. Results. The presence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, diffuse nontoxic goiter were proved to negatively affect the somatosexual development of school-age children and contribute to the formation of disharmonious physical development (in 32.4 % of patients with diabetes mellitus 1 and 56.6 % of adolescents with DNG) and sexual maturation. It was established that 52.4 % of girls with gynecological pathology presented with harmonious physical development. Against the background of disharmony of physical development, girls are more likely to develop menstrual irregularities such as HMS. Harmonious physical development is registered in 50.8 % of patients with JIA. 67.25 % of people with JIA have normal growth rates. Exceedance of normal and lower values are observed in girls (p < 0.05). At the stages of puberty, the most common deviations in growth and body weight were observed in early puberty (100 %), the least often — in late puberty (42.8 %). In 56.8 % of patients with SLE, harmonious physical development was registered. The most common were as follows: overweight (33.3 %), decreased growth rate (17.6 %), and weight deficit (11.7 %). Based on the frequency of SLE, it was determined that the most vulnerable were puberty (91.0 %) and prepuberty (87.5 %). The onset of SLE in late puberty occurred in 26.3 % of cases. In patients with secondary cardiomyopathies and systemic connective tissue dysplasia, no significant statistical differences in age-related parameters were found. Most patients with mental disorders had a harmonious physical development (93.6 %). Among the violations of the latter, the deficit of body weight was most often determined (19.5 %).
Characteristics of the diet of school-age children and the incidence of gastrointestinal pathology
Authors: Sorokman T.V. , Moldovan P.M. , Makarova O.V.
Published: September 2021

Background. It is known that malnutrition significantly affects human life expectancy and leads to the emergence and development of non-communicable diseases. A balanced diet is a leading factor in the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases. The purpose was to investigate the state of actual nutrition, indicators of nutritional status and gastrointestinal morbidity in school-age children. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of secondary schools in Chernivtsi and MNPE “Chernivtsi Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital”. A questionnaire method was used with the compilation of individual menus and subsequent analysis of the chemical composition of diets in 162 students. Depending on the state of health, children were divided into groups: I (n = 90) — those with chronic gastrointestinal diseases, II (n = 44) — with functional gastrointestinal disorders, III (n = 28) — individuals without gastrointestinal pathology. Results. Chronic gastrointestinal pathology was diagnosed in 55.5 % of the examined children, functional gastrointestinal diseases — in 27.2 %. The most common chronic pathology is chronic gastroduodenitis. The majority of the surveyed children did not follow the diet, namely 56.5 % of children violated the frequency of intake, 69.2 % did not adhere to the intervals between meals. Most of patients (59.2 %) eat 3–5 times a day, 29.1 % of them eat 3–4 times a day, 30.1 % eat 4–5 times, and 11.7 % less than three times a day. One third of children do not have breakfast at home, and 19.5 % do not have a second breakfast at school. The caloric value of daily diets is lower than the normative indicators, it averages 2,337.64 ± 65.16 kcal and is insufficiently provided by the main components: proteins by 12 %, fats by 25 % and carbohydrates by 63 %. Macro- and micronutrient deficiency is also registered in 53.1 % of children, especially of calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, and iodine. Children of groups II and III are less likely to eat fast food compared to those of group I (34.1 and 32.1 vs. 53.3 %, p < 0.05). Conclusions. The diet and nutrition of school-age children with gastrointestinal pathology does not meet hygienic requirements and not only does not provide primary prevention of non-communicable diseases, but, on the contrary, is a risk factor for the latter.
The current state of the problem with the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis in pediatric practice
Authors: Kruchko T.O. , Tkachenko O.Ya. , Sherbak V.V. , Kolenko I.O. , Bubyr L.M.
Published: September 2021

Among all allergic diseases in pediatric practice, allergic rhinitis is one of the most common pathologies of the upper respiratory tract. This review deals with the problem of modern principles for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children based on the analysis of literature sources using electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, MedLine, the Cochrane Library. Allergic rhinitis is an important medical and social problem of our time the importance of which has increased significantly in recent years. The growing number of people sensitized to pollen, the variety of symptoms and the negative impact on the quality of life of patients make pollen allergy one of the major problems in pediatrics. Despite the development of international national protocols and clinical guidelines, in many countries the control of allergic rhinitis in children remains insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of patients, pay attention to both nasal and extranasal symptoms, consider all pathognomonic diagnostic aspects, because the underdiagnosis of this allergic disease leads to inadequate therapy, complications, more severe atopy and reduced quality of children’s life in general. Recently, there is growing evidence of the need for personalized selection of the most effective therapy for allergic rhinitis in children. In-depth study of the pathogenetic role of circadian molecular clock in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis using informative molecular genetic methods may allow characterizing in detail the mechanism of regulation of allergic inflammation of the upper airway mucosa and evaluating the role of circadian genes in the development of allergic diseases, in particular allergic rhinitis. In the future, these studies may become an alternative to improve control over the course of allergy and the organization of a comprehensive monitoring system, development of new strategies for the treatment and prevention of allergic rhinitis in children.
Future of Solid Organ Transplantation: Organ-Specific Tolerance
Authors: Sonmez Yusuf Ercin
Published: September 2021

A transplant between two people who are not genetically identical is called an allotransplant and the process is called allotransplantation. Donor organs and tissues can be from people who are living, or people who have died because of a significant brain injury or lack of circulation. Allotransplantation can create a rejection process where the immune system of the recipient attacks the foreign donor organ or tissue and destroys it. The recipient may need to take immunosuppressive medication for the rest of their life to reduce the risk of rejection of the donated organ. In general, deliberately induced immunosuppression is performed to prevent the body from rejecting an organ transplant. The adverse effects associated with these agents and the risks of long-term immunosuppression present a number of challenges for the clinician. Immune tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immunotolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in a given organism.
Acute renal failure secondary to EBV in a 21-year-old healthy male: a case report
Authors: Saliba Tom , Huard Albert
Published: September 2021

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) affects 9 out of 10 people at some point in their lives. Though generally a benign infection, it can present with a plethora of symptoms and complications. We present the case of a 21-year-old previously healthy male suffering from EBV who presented with an 8-day history of odynophagia, pharyngitis, cough, abdominal pain and fatigue, previously he also had a fever which reached a maximum of 38.5°C. The patient’s clinical exam was positive only for abdominal tenderness. During his hospitalisation for EBV, our patient suffered sudden renal failure over the course of 4 days, with a glomerular filtration rate dropping to 33 mL/min/1.73 m2, before spontaneously recovering to normal levels. This occurred with supportive treatment only and without the use of corticosteroids. This case illustrates an atypical presentation of EBV infection and provides a further example of spontaneous recovery of renal function.
Roll of Spices in Controlling Microbial Infection and in Modulation of the Immune System
Authors: Ghosh Sahana
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Nature provided us with different products like fruits, flowers, vegetables, spices, herbs and so on. People utilize them since ancient times. Among them spices play key role in the lives of people and are used in rituals and in traditional medicines, beside using as food additives, preservatives and flavoring agents. People use spices to cure various infectious diseases like cancer, diabetes, viral infection, bacterial infection, fungal infection. At present, entire world is combating the coronavirus disease by utilizing different means. Scientific communities are trying to develop vaccines. Numerous evidences suggested that some common spices have the ability to reduce the severity of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome – coronavirus). One of the main factor to prevent the infection is to boost the immunity power, which is possible by using the spices in our diet chart. Spices also possess potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study discusses how the spices and their components act as anti-inflammatory agents and prevent infection. The review work is done to find out different beneficial activities of spices, identify the phytochemicals that are responsible for their activities. Aim of this review is to acquaint researchers and international communities with the functions of spices and their bioactive components which are responsible in minimizing the infectivity rate and how the spices are controlling the immune system in combating the diseases. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, spices, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, Nrf2
Efficacy of Situation Specific Need-Based Micro Approaches of Post Method Pedagogy Application in L2 Learning
Authors: Devi Dr. B. Umaa
Published: September 2021

Abstract: In the field of language teaching and learning the theories of chaos and complexity may well be applicable to where various studies and experimentations are growing offshoots in different parts of India. The world of pedagogy falls within the span of the obstinate human desire to excel, to make things significantly superior than before. To realize and harmonize with the needs and culture of an ever-changing world, Man is constantly endeavoring to achieve greater efficacy by capturing the everelusive ultimate ideal in all conceivable spheres. However, in the field of second language teaching and learning process searching for innovative approaches, methods, techniques and pedagogical tools is in a continuous state of fluctuation. The deep investigation and scrutiny of the history of English Language Teaching (ELT) reveals a challenging need to clear the conceptual cobwebs and terminological bedbugs prevalent in the amalgamations, harmonies and discordances between layers of theoretical principles, pedagogic practices and political ideologies (Kumaravadivelu, 1994).
Non-heroic heroes: Two approaches to the analysis of media images
Authors: Subbotina M. V.
Published: September 2021

In the contemporary society, media heroes are one of the most influential reference groups, which determines our perception of our own life in terms of happiness, success, justice, well-being, or, on the contrary, in opposite terms. The article is a review of two books: Salakhieva-Talal T. Psychology in Cinema: How to Make Heroes and Stories . Moscow: Alpina non-fiction; 2019. 349 p.; and Lilti A. The Invention of Celebrity. Transl. from French by P.S. Kashtanova. Saint Petersburg: Ivan Limbakh Publishing House; 2018. 496 p. The author believes that such works are necessary to broaden the horizons of the sociologist focusing on the development of social representations of happiness, justice and well-being: these works explain psychological and visual (the first book) and historical and media (the second book) prerequisites and tools for creating heroes as role models.
VII international scientific conference “Digitalization of society and the future of Christianity. On the transformation of the value-regulatory system of society”
Authors: Ryazantsev I. P. , Plyusnin R. M. , Kargin E. A.
Published: September 2021

On February 18-19, 2021, the St. Tikhons Orthodox University for the Humanities hosted the VII international scientific conference Digitalization of society and the future of Christianity. On the transformation of the value-normative system of society. At this scientific event, prominent scientists from Russia, Italy, Germany, France, Taiwan, China, India, Nigeria, Ukraine and Belarus made their presentations. They considered in the Christian perspective the challenges and benefits of digitalization for the contemporary society. A special emphasis was made on the changes in values and norms under digitalization.
The basic principles of the cadastral methodology
Authors: Atamanov S.A.
Published: September 2021

Cadastral activities, in addition to describing a property for the purpose of cadastral- and rights registration, include an algorithmically complex determination of the sequence of actions necessary to solve the matter. Their result is not only some prepared documentation, but the fact of bringing the description of the real estate and rights to it in accordance with reality, provided that the task of the interested person is completed. The subtype of real estate includes objects that possess certain basic characteristic features and can have definite situational ones. The classification of real estate on the basis of these features provides an opportunity to compare and formalize the requirements for implementation of cadastral works of disparate regulatory legal acts. The field regulating land-and-property relations is modeled as a directed graph, the arcs of which are assigned a direction depending on the type of the initial and final vertices
Investigation on reduction of dross height by analyzing beam intensity distribution in fiber laser cutting
Authors: Kai Naoto , Okamoto Yasuhiro , Okada Akira , Ishiguro Hiroaki , Ito Ryohei , Sugiyama Akihiko , Okawa Hiroshi , Fujita Rio
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, fiber lasers have become a main energy source in laser cutting because of their highly electro-optical conversion efficiency and high beam quality. However, the amount of dross produced by fiber laser cutting is larger than that by CO2 laser cutting, and postprocessing is required to obtain a flat surface without dross, which leads to increasing the processing cost. If fiber laser achieves dross-free cutting of a steel plate, further expansion of cutting applications can be expected. Therefore, in order to achieve further reduction of dross, the influence of beam intensity distribution on dross height was investigated by fiber laser cutting experiments and ray tracing analysis. The laser cutting experiment of steel plate cold commercial with 3.2 mm thickness was carried out by a 3 kW fiber laser with nitrogen assist gas, and a round Gaussian mode of 114 μm spot diameter and a square top-hat mode of 132 μm were used. The square top-hat mode can achieve smaller dross height below 12 μm, which is approximately half of the round Gaussian mode. Ray tracing analysis revealed that the square top-hat mode increased the uniformity of absorbed energy on the cutting front surface, and the more uniform intensity distribution contributed to a small ellipticity of the cutting front shape of the kerf. It was clarified that the shape of the cutting front with a small ellipticity reduced the amount of molten metal ejected from the side of the kerf, which resulted in the reduction of dross height by the fiber laser cutting.
Forskning for fremtiden? En oversiktsstudie av empirisk forskning på det norske skolefaget kroppsøving i perioden 2010–2019
Authors: Løndal Knut , Borgen Jorunn Spord , Moen Kjersti Mordal , Hallås Bjørg Oddrun , Gjølme Egil Galaaen
Published: September 2021

Artikkelen rapporterer fra en oversiktsstudie av empirisk forskning på skolefaget kroppsøving i perioden 2010–2019. Hovedmålet er å kartlegge hvilke tema forskningen har belyst, samt om – og eventuelt hvordan – forskningstemaene er innrettet mot anvendelse i kroppsøving i grunnopplæringen. Analyse av 116 publikasjoner avdekket fire grupper av forskningstema: læring i faget, undervisning i faget, forskning om faget og andre forskningstema med relevans for kroppsøving. Studiene innenfor de tre første gruppene undersøker tema med innretning mot anvendelse i kroppsøving. Forskning på læring i faget har undersøkt læringsprosesser, motivasjonsforhold og fysisk utvikling, og teoretiske perspektiv innen psykologi og fysiologi dominerer. Forskning på undervisning i faget og om faget er tydelig innrettet mot anvendelse i praksisfeltet, og er oftest studert fra utdanningsvitenskapelige perspektiv. Studier innen andre forskningstema med relevans for kroppsøving undersøker andre samfunnsfenomen enn kroppsøvingsfaglige, og har svak innretning mot skolefaglig anvendelse. Oversiktsstudien viser at forskningen oftest er gjennomført med klare skiller mellom forskere og aktører i praksisfeltet. En overvekt av studiene har hentet data fra de øverste trinnene i grunnopplæringen, mens barnetrinnet i mindre grad er studert. Basert på resultatene anbefaler vi å stimulere til praksisorientert forskning i samspill med praksisfeltet, samt økt bevissthet om å inkludere forskningstema ut fra kunnskapsbehov på barnetrinnet.
Migration and Hybrid Political Regimes: Navigating the Legal Landscape in Russia
Authors: Heusala Anna-Liisa
Published: September 2021

Migration and Hybrid Political Regimes: Navigating the Legal Landscape in Russia by Rustram Urinboyev (University of California Press 2021) is reviewed by Anna-Liisa Heusala, of the University of Helsinki, Aleksanteri Institute - Finnish Centre for Russian and East European Studies.
Tratamentos figurais vinculados a conceitos de Geometria Espacial de Posição, mobilizados por futuros professores de matemática
Authors: Fernandes Dienifer Ferner , Soares Maria Arlita da Silveira , Mariani Rita de Cássia Pistóia
Published: September 2021

Este texto objetiva apresentar uma análise de tratamentos figurais, vinculados a conceitos/conteúdos de geometria espacial de posição, mobilizados por licenciandos em matemática. Para tanto, explorou-se a teoria dos registros de representação semiótica, em particular, as apreensões de uma figura (sequencial, perceptiva, discursiva e operatória). Recorreu-se a uma abordagem qualitativa com produção de dados, orientada pela análise de conteúdo. Constatou-se, durante as atividades, a mobilização das apreensões perceptiva, discursiva e operatória de posição. Destaca-se que, em alguns momentos, a apreensão perceptiva sobressaiu-se em relação à apreensão discursiva, vista a limitação exposta nas justificativas organizadas pelos acadêmicos. A apreensão operatória de posição foi intensamente explorada, pois se verificou sua mobilização em todos os itens propostos. A partir da ação realizada e dos resultados obtidos, pode-se afirmar a importância da visualização em geometria, isto é, a necessidade que há em realizar a harmonização entre os registros figural e discursivo.
Vertentes sobre a Modelagem Matemática e o letramento matemático a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Gonzales Jolandek Emilly , Akemi Kato Lilian
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática realizada em bases de buscas nacionais e internacionais, possíveis vertentes sobre a modelagem matemática e o letramento matemático. Norteados pela questão “Como o letramento matemático aparece em pesquisas envolvendo a modelagem matemática?”, o mapeamento realizado apontou para 20 trabalhos que atendem nossa interrogação. A pesquisa possui natureza qualitativa e para tratamento e análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise textual discursiva, que possibilitou a emergência de três categorias que atendem a questão norteadora: i) Competências matemáticas e competências do letramento são desenvolvidas e/ou requeridas por meio de atividades de modelagem matemática; ii) o letramento matemático tem a modelagem matemática como uma de suas competências; iii) As competências do letramento matemático e as competências matemáticas são analisadas/avaliadas em provas por meio da modelagem matemática. Com base nessas categorias, conclui-se a presença da modelagem matemática no letramento matemático, indicando que o desenvolvimento de atividades de modelagem promove as competências do letramento matemático.
Olhar para as Pesquisas sobre o Uso de Vídeo no Ensino de Matemática
Authors: De Souza Marília Franceschinelli , De Oliveira Samuel Rocha
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um panorama das pesquisas que tratam do uso de vídeos no ensino de matemática entre 2015 e 2020, e discutir o papel da formação de professores na viabilização desse uso. Os trabalhos encontrados foram divididos em três vertentes: gravação de aula, produção de vídeo e vídeo como recurso didático. A partir dessa organização, percebemos o potencial dos vídeos para os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de matemática, principalmente quando a prática com essas mídias é feita de forma intencional e reflexiva. Destacamos também a escassez de estudos sobre formações de professores que oportunizem o uso de vídeos e apresentamos uma proposta de curso de formação, à luz da cyberformação. Os professores participantes dessa formação revelaram mudanças em suas concepções sobre o uso de vídeos e posturas em sala de aula, evidenciadas pelas atividades produzidas, em que o vídeo atua como um partícipe na produção de conhecimento. Com esta apresentação e discussão, pretendemos estimular o desenvolvimento de ações de formação, bem como de mais pesquisas nessa temática.
A Critical Analysis of The Existence of Da’if Hadith (Weak Hadith) in Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari
Authors: Rizapoor Habiburrahman , Zafari Mohammad Anwar
Published: September 2021

This research aims to find out whether all the hadiths narrated in Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari are valid and correct or there are also ḍa’if and weak hadiths. In this article, the researcher has used the descriptive and content analysis method by referring to scientific articles, books of principles of hadith. Hadith annotation books and other books in which the subject has been discussed. In this article, the writer discusses the views and arguments of the scholars who claim that there are consensuses that the book of Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari is the most correct book after the Qur’an and there is no ḍa’if hadith in it. Similarly, the writer discusses the views of the scholars who argue that all the hadiths of Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari are not authentic and there are hadiths in Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari which are not authentic and are ḍa’if. By considering the arguments of both sides, the writer concludes that Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari is the most correct book after the Holy Qur’an, nevertheless, this does not mean that there are no ḍa’if hadiths in Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari and there are many hadiths that are called ḍa’if by the scholars of hadith. Also, the existence of ḍa’if hadiths in the book of Ṣaḥiḥ al-Bukhari does not decrease the scientific ranking and status and level of acceptance of the book and prophetic hadith among the ummah and scholars of Hadith
Analysis of indicators of short recording of heart rate variability in comorbid patients with non-communicable diseases
Authors: Nevoit G. , Potiazhenko M.
Published: September 2021

The issues of clinical significance and possibilities of assessing the indicators of variation pulsometry measurement and spectral analysis of a short recording of heart rate variability are highlighted in the article. This is necessary as an objective justification for the subsequent assessment of the functional state of the body and a comprehensive examination of comorbid patients for non-communicable diseases.The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and diagnostic value of a short recording of heart rate variability in comorbid patients with non-communicable diseases in order to increase the effectiveness of measures for their prevention and treatment in Ukraine by improving their diagnosis and prevention through the introduction of modern science-intensive technologies into medical practice.Material and methods. 174 comorbid patients with non-communicable diseases were examined by registering a short record of variability on the hardware-soft-ware complex Poly-Spectrum (Neurosoft, Russia) and the analysis of the results was done. The patients were divided into three groups depending on the degree of comorbidity.Results. Significant differences in spectral analysis and variation pulsometry measurements were established in patients with non-communicable diseases, depending on the degree of comorbidity.Conclusions. The expediency of using the method of short recording of heart rate variability in a comprehensive examination of comorbid patients has been established. The indicator of the total spectral power of the heart rate can be recommended for use as an additional independent predictor of the severity of comorbid pathology and assessment of the functional state.
Method of diagnostics of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia
Authors: Usenko O. , Voitiv Ya. , Shcherbyna S.
Published: September 2021

Objective – to develop a method for diagnosing undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) in patients with surgical pathology.Material and methods. The object of the study comprises 96 patients with surgical pathology who were treated in the department of thoracoabdominal surgery of the Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology during 2017-2020 and 20 practically healthy people (comparison group). Laboratory, instrumental, histological, immunohistochemical studies and statistical analysis were performed.Results. The developed method contains an assessment of the most informative phenotypic and visceral signs of connective tissue pathology. The main attention is paid to the features that characterize the visceral manifestations of UDCT, especially functional and morphological changes of the digestive organs, which is extremely important in abdominal surgery. Ultrasonography is used to analyze the width of the white line of the abdomen and the condition of the abdominal and retroperitoneal organs, determining the presence of diastase of the rectus abdominis and splanchnoptosis. Studies of the effectiveness of the proposed method have shown that it can be used to diagnose UDCT in patients with surgical pathology, which is necessary to select effective treatment tactics and prevent complications in such patients.Conclusions. A method for diagnosing undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia has been developed, which evaluates the most informative phenotypic signs of connective tissue pathology and considers the peculiarities of pathology in patients of a surgical hospital.
Anatomy of eyelids muscles
Authors: Proniaiev D. , Kuchuk O. , Riabyi S. , Voloshyn V. , Yakoviets K.
Published: September 2021

Objective of the research was to study up-to-date literary data concerning anatomical peculiarities of palpebral muscles and their supporting and retaining apparatus. Eye diseases have become common nowadays. Very fast development of computer technology and deterioration of ecological conditions are one of the most important factors affecting visual organ impairment. Age physiological changes of the eye and adjacent tissues aggravate the quality of human life as well. Meanwhile, the majority of changes can be corrected. Modern ophthalmology possesses a plenty of surgical techniques, and development of skills in cosmetology and new pharmacological agents ensure a desirable delay of aging and deterioration of the visual organ functions. All the above factors are unlikely to become achievements in medicine without comprehensive awareness of the visual organ anatomy and its auxiliary apparatus. A lot of diseases are associated with eyelids, and ectropion and ptosis of the lower or upper eyelid are the commonest of them. Hypertrophy of the upper part of the orbicular muscle causes ectropion. It is a condition in which the upper eyelid is turned outwards. Isolation of the upper tarsal muscle from the tarsal plate leads to the development of aponeurotic ptosis. Strain of the lower retaining ligament, palpebral fissure septum and capsular-palpebral ligament result in ectropion of the lower eyelid. The presented literary review contains up-to-date information concerning the structure of the muscles of the eyelids and adjacent and auxiliary structures, their functions and possible functional disorders are described. Conclusions. Еhe review of scientific literature dealing with anatomical studies of palpebral muscles and their main adjacent structures is indicative of great interest of scientists in this issue. Though our study has found certain disembodied data and unsystematized fragments in the literature available. In our opinion, compiling an appropriate handbook dealing with the data base available concerning anatomy of the eyelids will considerably improve the quality of numerous surgical operations in cosmetology and ophthalmology.
Anticoagulant therapy in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in real clinical practice: the problem of therapy safety and treatment adherence
Authors: Khaniukov O. , Smolianova O.
Published: September 2021

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the adult population, and the number of patients with this arrhythmia will increase in the future. As a result, the number of patients taking anticoagulants (ACs), which are considered "high alert medication" is constantly increasing.

The aim. To highlight the problems of ACs use in patients with non-valvular AF in real clinical practice, to consider the therapy safety and treatment adherence.

The main body. Approval of new oral ACs has provided more options to clinicians and patients, but even with their use, errors are possible that increase the risk of bleeding. Mistakes can be made by both patients and doctors. The introduction of training as a mandatory element in the complex therapy of AF helps to reduce the number of errors that the patient could make. The clinical condition, the availability of monitoring and the patient's wishes for treatment may change over time, and this may lead to the need to switch the AC, which is potentially dangerous in terms of side effects. The risk of bleeding increases regardless of the direction of change of AC - the very fact of transition is important. Doctor`s errors play a significant role in the risk increase at this stage, and it is important to raise their awareness of the rules for the ACs switch to avoid bleeding. The article presents the rules of transition from one oral AC to another, following which doctors will minimize the risk of side effects in clinical practice.

Conclusion. The use of AC for patients with AF is life-saving, but if used improperly, life-threatening side effects can occur. According to research, in many cases, the development of the latter could be prevented primarily through patient education and the proper doctor training.
Scientific, pedagogical and clinical heritage of professor O. I. Samson (to the 100th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Voloshyn O. , Fediv O. , Patratii M.
Published: September 2021

The article provides main information about the creative path in science and clinical medicine of a famous scientist in the USSR, Ukraine, Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy in Chernivtsi State Medical University, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine, Doctor of Medicine, Professor Olena Samson, who worked fruitfully in mentioned university from 1950 to 1995. Samson O.I. made a significant contribution to the development of domestic gastroenterology, created a powerful scientific therapeutic institution (6 doctors and 22 candidates of medical sciences). Her creative work has been awarded by numerous prizes of the USSR and Ukraine and by the Bukovynian authorities, and she is a good example for Bukovinian doctors and scientists to follow. Today, her grateful disciples carry the “relay” of their Teacher with dignity.