bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the power of words to facilitate emotion category learning
Authors: Hoemann Katie , Gendron Maria , Barrett Lisa Feldman
Published: June 2023

Previous research suggests that labels shape the categorization of emotional stimuli such as facial configurations, yet the strongest evidence of labels’ influence on category learning comes from work on object categories. In particular, Lupyan and colleagues (2007) found that novel categories of aliens were learned faster by participants provided with nonsense labels during feedback. We summarize a series of five studies in which we examined whether this word-enhancement effect on learning would extend to novel categories of emotion. These studies were conceptual replications of the paradigm used by Lupyan et al. (2007) designed so that participants would associate novel expressive behaviors with situated experiences. We hypothesized that participants would learn to categorize exemplars of novel emotion categories over the duration of the task, and that categorization would be facilitated for participants who were presented with category labels during learning. We simultaneously analyzed data from all five studies in an integrative data analysis, allowing us to test the effects of learning over time and label condition with increased statistical power. Across all five studies, we found that, while participant performance did improve over time, in no case was it facilitated by including emotion labels at feedback. These results join others in suggesting that the effect of labels on emotion categorization may be more context-dependent than previously supposed – varying by the type of category learning task as well as the specific categories being learned and their relationship to previously acquired knowledge – such that there may be multiple pathways for emotion category learning.
Teleological thinking is driven by aberrant associations, not by failure of reasoning
Authors: Ongchoco Joan Danielle K. , de Obeso Santiago Castiello , Corlett Philip R.
Published: June 2023

Teleological thought — the tendency to ascribe purpose to objects and events — is useful in some cases (encouraging explanation-seeking), but harmful in others (fueling delusions and conspiracy theories). What drives maladaptive teleological thinking? A fundamental distinction in how we learn causal relationships between events is whether it can be best explained via associations versus via propositional thought. Here, we propose that directly contrasting the contributions of these two pathways can elucidate where teleological thinking goes wrong. We modified a causal learning task such that we could encourage one pathway over another in different instances. Across experiments (total N=600), teleological tendencies were correlated with delusion-like ideas and uniquely explained by aberrant associative learning, but not by learning via propositional rules. Computational modeling suggested that the relationship between associative learning and teleological thinking can be explained by spurious prediction errors that imbue random events with more significance — providing a new understanding for how humans make meaning of lived events.
Regression Discontinuity Designs in Education: A Practitioner's Guide
Authors: Suk Youmi
Published: June 2023

Regression discontinuity (RD) designs have gained significant popularity as a quasi-experimental device for evaluating education programs and policies. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of RD designs, focusing on the continuity-based framework, the most widely adopted RD framework. We first review the fundamental aspects of RD designs, drawing on potential outcomes and causal graphs. We then discuss the validity threats in RD designs, including manipulation, discreteness of the running variable, statistical power, and generalizability. Additionally, we provide an overview of the existing extensions to RD designs. To exemplify the application of RD methods, we analyze the effect of New Jersey's pre-kindergarten program on children's vocabulary test scores, using an educational dataset. Finally, we offer practical guidelines in the conclusion to promote the appropriate use of RD methods in educational research.
An object’s categorizability impacts whether infants encode surface features into their object representations
Authors: Kibbe Melissa M. , Stahl Aimee E.
Published: June 2023

Infants encode the surface features of simple, unfamiliar objects (e.g., red triangle) and the categorical identities of familiar, categorizable objects (e.g., car) into their representations of these objects. We asked whether 17-month-olds ignore non-diagnostic surface features (e.g., color) in favor of encoding an object’s categorical identity (e.g., car) when objects are from familiar categories. In Experiment 1 (n=18), we hid a categorizable object inside an opaque box. In No Switch trials, infants retrieved the object that was hidden. In Switch trials, infants retrieved a different object: an object from a different category (Between-Category-Switch trials) or a different object from the same category (Within-Category-Switch trials). We measured infants’ subsequent searching in the box. Infants’ pattern of searching suggested that only infants who completed a Within-Category-Switch trial as their first Switch trial encoded objects’ surface features, and an exploratory analysis suggested that infants who completed a Between-Category-Switch trial as their first Switch trial only encoded objects’ categories. In Experiment 2 (n=18), we confirmed that these results were due to objects’ categorizability. These results suggest infants may tailor the way they encode categorizable objects depending on which object dimensions are perceived to be task relevant.
Teleological thinking is driven by aberrant associations
Authors: Corlett Philip R.
Published: June 2023

Teleological thought — the tendency to ascribe purpose to objects and events — is useful in some cases (encouraging explanation-seeking), but harmful in others (fueling delusions and conspiracy theories). What drives maladaptive teleological thinking? A fundamental distinction in how we learn causal relationships between events is whether it can be best explained via associations versus via propositional thought. Here, we propose that directly contrasting the contributions of these two pathways can elucidate where teleological thinking goes wrong. We modified a causal learning task such that we could encourage one pathway over another in different instances. Across experiments (total N=600), teleological tendencies were correlated with delusion-like ideas and uniquely explained by aberrant associative learning, but not by learning via propositional rules. Computational modeling suggested that the relationship between associative learning and teleological thinking can be explained by spurious prediction errors that imbue random events with more significance — providing a new understanding for how humans make meaning of lived events.
Mapping Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in Everyday Life
Authors: Tran Anh , Greenaway Katharine Helen , Kostopoulos Joanne , O'Brien Sarah Taylor , Kalokerinos Elise Katherine
Published: June 2023

The growing literature on interpersonal emotion regulation has largely focused on the strategies people use to regulate. As such, researchers have little understanding of how often people regulate in the first place, what emotion regulation goals they have when they regulate, and how much effort they invest in regulation. To better characterize features of the regulation process, we conducted two studies using daily diary (N = 171) and experience sampling methods (N = 239), exploring interpersonal emotion regulation in the context of everyday social interactions. We found people regulated others’ emotions nearly twice a day, regulated their own emotions through others around once a day, and regulated both their own and others’ emotions in the same interaction roughly every other day. Further, not only did people regulate others’ emotions more often than regulating their own emotions through others, but they also put in more effort to do so. The goals of regulation were primarily to make themselves or others feel better, most often through increasing positive emotions, rather than decreasing negative emotions. Together, these findings provide a foundational picture of the interpersonal emotion regulation landscape, and lay the groundwork for future exploration into this emerging subfield of affective science.
A conflict of visions: Ideas shaping wildlife trade policy toward African megafauna
Authors: ’t Sas-Rolfes Michael , Gooden Jennifer Lynn
Published: June 2023

1. Among factors that threaten wild populations of African megafauna, wildlife trade has gained prominence as a global policy issue, with concerted international campaigns aiming to influence the trade of species such as elephants, rhinos, and lions. Trade policy is strongly contested, confounding attempts to develop coherent approaches across jurisdictions and through international mechanisms such as CITES. This undermines conservation efforts. Understanding the drivers of such conflict may help to address this problem.2. Scholars of political science increasingly recognize the power of ideas as drivers within policy processes. Guided by this literature, we developed an analytical framework and conducted a thematic analysis to examine the ideas driving wildlife trade policy conflict. Our nested case study approach examined debates over trade policy toward African elephants, rhinos, and lions, at two levels: the international policy arena of CITES and within a single country, South Africa. Informed by earlier literature, we tracked the evolution of international trade policy debates over a four-year period (2016–2019) and analysed submissions to a national policy review process in South Africa that took place during 2020.3. During the study period, state and non-state actors contributed to vigorous trade policy debates within seven key thematic issues across the case study species. Arguments were driven by both cognitive ideas, which specify cause-and-effect relationships, and normative ideas, which are values-based and especially salient elements of anti-trade stances.4. Fusing these cognitive and normative ideational elements, we identified three distinct over-arching narratives relating to wildlife trade policy. These three narratives align with broader environmental policy and political narratives and elucidate inherent tensions within the CITES arena. They also reveal differing ethical interpretations and perceptions of risk, precaution, and the role of property rights.5. Policy implications: Wildlife trade policy conflict is driven at least in part by competing ideological visions, which may be entrenched by the CITES Appendix listing system. The structural role of CITES in perpetuating this polarization—and the consequences thereof—warrants further research.
Epistemologia serviciilor de informaţii
Authors: Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: June 2023

Despre analogia existentă între aspectele epistemologice şi metodologice ale activităţii serviciilor de informaţii şi unele discipline ştiinţifice, pledând pentru o abordare mai ştiinţifică a procesului de culegere şi analiză de informaţii din cadrul ciclului de informaţii. Afirm că în prezent aspectele teoretice, ontologice şi epistemologice, în activitatea multor servicii de informaţii, sunt subestimate, determinând înţelegere incompletă a fenomenelor actuale şi creând confuzie în colaborarea inter-instituţională. După o scurtă Introducere, care include o istorie a evoluţiei conceptului de serviciu de informaţii după al doilea război mondial, în Activitatea de informaţii definesc obiectivele şi organizarea serviciilor de informaţii, modelul de bază al acestor organizaţii (ciclul informaţional), şi aspectele relevante ale culegerii de informaţii şi analizei de informaţii. În secţiunea Ontologia evidenţiez aspectele ontologice şi entităţile care ameninţă şi sunt ameninţate. Secţiunea Epistemologie include aspecte specifice activităţii de informaţii, cu analiza principalului model (Singer) folosit în mod tradiţional, şi expun o posibilă abordare epistemologică prin prisma conceptului de cunoaştere tacită dezvoltat de omul de ştiinţă Michael Polanyi. În secţiunea Metodologii prezint diverse teorii metodologice cu accent pe tehnicile analitice structurale, şi câteva analogii, cu ştiinţa, arheologia, afacerile şi medicina. Lucrarea se încheie cu Concluziile privind posibilitatea unei abordări mai ştiinţifice a metodelor de culegere şi analiză a informaţiilor din cadrul serviciilor de informaţii.
Quantifying Hierarchy and Prestige in US Ballet Academies as Social Predictors of Career Success
Authors: Herrera-Guzmán Yessica , Gates Alexander , Candia Cristian , Barabasi Albert Laszlo
Published: June 2023

In the recent decade, we have seen major progress in quantifying the behaviors and the impact of scientists, resulting in a quantitative toolset capable of monitoring and predicting the career patterns of the profession.It is unclear, however, if this toolset applies to other creative domains beyond the sciences. In particular, while performance in the arts has long been difficult to quantify objectively, research suggests that professional networks and prestige of affiliations play a similar role to those observed in science, hence they can reveal patterns underlying successful careers. To test this hypothesis, here we focus on ballet, as it allows us to investigate in a quantitative fashion the interplay of individual performance, institutional prestige, and network effects. We analyze data on competition outcomes from 6,363 ballet students affiliated with 1,603 schools in the United States, who participated in the Youth America Grand Prix (YAGP) between 2000 and 2021.Through multiple logit models and matching experiments, we provide evidence that schools' strategic network position bridging between communities captures social prestige and predicts the placement of students into jobs in ballet companies. This work reveals the importance of institutional prestige on career success in ballet and showcases the potential of network science approaches to provide quantitative viewpoints for the professional development of careers beyond science.
Enhancing Service Robotics through Multimodal Affective Computing
Authors: Kumar Dheeraj , Rajamani Nandini
Published: June 2023

Affective computing techniques, such as deep learning, have enabled remote measurement of important signals such as heart rate. As a result, developing accessible and natural human-robot interaction schemes has become increasingly important. To enable successful interactions with users who may be unfamiliar with robots, robust and interactive user interfaces are crucial. This paper focuses on the significance of multimodal affective computing techniques in improving human-robot interaction. The remote measurement of vital signals, such as heart rate, through deep learning has paved the way for more accessible and natural interaction with robots. This study emphasizes the importance of combining different modalities in human-computer interaction to create a comprehensive and immersive interaction experience. Given the increasing significance of service robotics and its potential societal impact, the development of intuitive and user-friendly interfaces for human-robot interaction is crucial. The research findings are presented within the context of an interactive clean-up task, wherein the robot receives directives from a person to clean specific locations and collect trash.
Personalized Timing Strategies to Optimize Learning in Robot-Child Tutoring
Authors: Singh shalini , Subramaniam Aditya , Bhatta Ramesh , Dixit Pankaj
Published: June 2023

In the field of education, it is customary to incorporate non-task breaks to accommodate children's limited attention spans and promote cognitive rejuvenation. Robots have emerged as a valuable resource for delivering customized breaks tailored to the unique needs of individual students, thereby supporting their learning experiences. This study delves into the investigation of personalized timing strategies for providing breaks to young learners during robot tutoring sessions. We develop an autonomous robot tutoring system that assesses students' performance and administers breaks based on personalized schedules that align with their individual progress. To analyze the impact of different break strategies on tutoring outcomes, we conduct a field study. By comparing a fixed timing strategy with two personalized approaches - a reward strategy (aligning break timing with performance improvements) and a refocus strategy (aligning break timing with performance declines) - we substantiate that the personalized strategies effectively enhance children's learning outcomes in comparison to the fixed strategy. Additionally, our findings highlight immediate benefits, such as improved efficiency and accuracy in completing educational tasks, following personalized breaks. These results underscore the restorative effects of breaks when administered at optimal moments.
Affective Computing for Improved Human Robot Interaction Applications
Authors: Taufiq  , singh Neeraj , Abdullah Shahabudin
Published: June 2023

To enable successful interactions with users who may be unfamiliar with robots, robust and interactive user interfaces are crucial. This paper focuses on the significance of multimodal affective computing techniques in improving human-robot interaction. The remote measurement of vital signals, such as heart rate, through deep learning has paved the way for more accessible and natural interaction with robots. This study emphasizes the importance of combining different modalities in human-computer interaction to create a comprehensive and immersive interaction experience. The research findings are presented within the context of an interactive clean-up task, wherein the robot receives directives from a person to clean specific locations and collect trash. Given the increasing significance of service robotics and its potential societal impact, the development of intuitive and user-friendly interfaces for human-robot interaction is crucial.
Fishermen's Satisfaction with Fisheries Extension Activities in Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra Province
Authors: Metalisa Rindi , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Mahrunnisa Mahrunnisa , Yanti Chicka Willy
Published: June 2023

Fisheries counseling activities are an asset in realizing independent, competitive, and resilient fishermen in Padang Pariaman regency. Fishermen have hopes and goals to develop their businesses, so they participate in fisheries extension activities. This study examines fishermen's satisfaction with fisheries extension activities in Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra. The research implementation starts from June to October 2022. The research uses a survey method with an explanatory research approach. Respondents were taken based on the accidental sampling technique using the Slovin Formula, so the number of respondents used was 68 fishermen. This study uses descriptive analysis data. Fishermen's satisfaction in fisheries counseling activities is still felt to have yet to satisfy fishermen. Fishermen's satisfaction in fisheries extension activities consists of three stages of activity, namely: 1) Fishermen feel dissatisfied at the extension planning stage;  2) the implementation of fisheries counseling activities are in the dissatisfied category; 3) the evaluation of fisheries extension activities is in the dissatisfied category
Early Development Of Catfish Larvae Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) From Feed With The Addition Of Curcumin
Authors: Ramadhani Febry , Sipahutar Annisyah Putri Amalia , Wangi Sari Sekar
Published: June 2023

This study aims to identify the quality of spawning eggs and body length in the early development of catfish larvae from broodstock fed with the addition of curcumin. This research was conducted on October 22 2022 for 2 weeks on Jl. Great Aluminum No. 37, Tj. Mulia Hilir, Kec. Medan Deli, Medan City, North Sumatra 20241. The method used in this research is an experimental method. The sample used is sangkuriang catfish seeds (Clarias gariepinus) obtained from catfish breeding/cultivation. There are 2 pairs in total. Each pair consists of male and female catfish which are placed in the same pond but have been partitioned off. One pair of sangkuriang catfish will be given feed in the form of pellets with the addition of curcumin while the other pair will only be given pellets. The treatment in giving curcumin is 50% of the feed weight once a day the average body length of larvae has a body length and body weight that is higher than curcumin was not given so that the 0% curcumin treatment had the lowest body length. The increase in the diameter of the spawning larvae in the supplemented treatment group curcumin can be caused due to the bioactivity of curcumin as a hepatoprotector, and antioxidants. Curcumin supplementation is 50% of the total feed given to the parent showed more optimal results than the treatment other.
Effect of Different Salinity on Osmolarity and Survival of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) with Fed Fermented Herbs
Authors: Putra Rizki , Syawal Henni , Riauwaty Morina
Published: June 2023

Giving fermented herbs feed can increase appetite, feed digestibility, growth, and fish health. Rearing fish in salinity media aims to find the best salinity levels for osmolarity and survival, so that fresh water fish can also be reared in saline waters. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD), 5 treatment levels 3 replications, namely P0(0 ppt), P1(3 ppt), P2(6 ppt), P3(9 ppt), and P4(12 ppt). Salinity treatment was made by diluting seawater (35‰) with fresh water. The test fish used were common carp measuring 6-8 cm, kept in an aquarium measuring 60x40x40cm with a stocking density of 1 fish/3 liters of water. The feed given was in the form of commercial pellets plus fermented herbs at a dose of 200 mL/kg of feed dissolved in 500 mL of clean water. This research was conducted for 60 days. The results showed that the osmolarity of carp for 60 days of rearing ranged from 135-332 mOsm/kg H2O The highest absolute weight growth in P2 with a value (10.52 g) and lowest at P4 (8.36 g). The highest survival rate of carp was in the P0, P1 and P2 with a value (100%), while in P3(95%) and P4(75%). Common carp are able to tolerate salinity levels up to 12 ppt.
Microbiological Quality Status Of Dried Squid (Loligo Sp.) Marketed In Pasar Pagi Arengka Market Of Pekanbaru
Authors: Alvianti Rika Sepia , Hasan Bustari , Iriani Dian
Published: June 2023

This study aims to evaluate the microbiological quality status of dried salted squid marketed in Pasar Pagi Arengka Market of Pekanbaru. Dried salted squid from different regional origin and storage times were sampled from the market. The samples were taken randomly from three traders and analized for moisture, microbiological and sensory quality. The moisture, microbiological and sensory quality of the dried salted squid varies between product origins and storage time. The dried salted squid from Tanjung Pinang and Sibolga contains moisture 28,02% and 29,21%, Aw 0,71 and 0,72 , salt 14,35% and 13,57%, ALT 2,9 x 104 and  3,3 x 104 CFU/gram, total Halophilic 1,9 x 104 and 2,2 x 104 CFU/gram, Coliform 17 and 6,1 MPN/g, total Staphylococcus aureus 2,4 x 102 and 5,6 x 102 CFU/gram, Listeria monocytogenes negative. Overall, moisture, salt, ALT, total Halophilic, total Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes of the products were within the value recommended by SNI. In order to minimize the health risks to consumers, it is recommended that dried salted squid be consumed with minimal delay and cooked properly before consumption.
Analysis of Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Waste Management (Case Study of Mandau District, Bengkalis)
Authors: Pangerani Meuthia , Siregar Yusni Ikhwan , Putra Ridwan Manda
Published: June 2023

In recent years, the waste problem that has occurred in Indonesia has increased, including in Mandau District. One of the problems that occurred in Mandau District was the accumulation of waste due to the unavailability of temporary disposal sites around the community's residential areas, causing the community to dispose of waste indiscriminately. This study aims to determine the socio-economic factors that influence waste management in Mandau District. Obtaining data in this study is by direct observation in the field and in-depth interviews with stakeholders involved in waste management in Mandau. The results of the study show that the social factors that influence waste management in Mandau District are influenced by human resources who are less supportive of waste management. There needs to be a contribution from the community and the private sector, the majority of the local community's last education is high school, there are no training programs provided to the community, there are no conflicts that occur around the TPA and Pemda regulations and policies that are quite effective in waste management. While the economic factors that affect waste management in Mandau include: local government budgets for waste management, incentives for waste workers and businesses obtained from waste management.
Population and Suitable Environmental Conditions for the Life of Gadih Fish (Tor Tambroides Bleeker, 1854) in Kampar Kanan Hulu River Riau Province
Authors: Mulyani Isma , Putra Ridwan Manda , Sumiarsih Eni , Lesmana Indra , Syahrian Windi
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelimpahan populasi dan kondisi lingkungan yang sesuai sebagai habitat bagi ikan Tor tambroides (juga dikenal sebagai ikan gadih) di Sungai Kampar Kanan Hulu Provinsi Riau. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2022, menggunakan metode Purposive Random Sampling di tiga stasiun: Stasiun 1 yang terletak di Desa Bandur Picak, Stasiun 2 di Desa Siberuang, dan Stasiun 3 di Desa Tanjung. Stasiun-stasiun ini terletak secara administratif di sepanjang bagian hulu Sungai Kampar. Sampel ikan ditangkap menggunakan jaring dan diidentifikasi di laboratorium. Pengamatan langsung dilakukan pada habitat ikan gadih. Parameter kualitas air diukur baik di lapangan maupun di laboratorium. Metode tangkap per unit usaha digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya 50 ikan gadih yang tertangkap, terdiri dari 24 jantan, 15 betina, dan 6 yang tidak teridentifikasi. Populasi spesies ikan ini ditemukan sangat jarang. Ikan gadih lebih memilih air dangkal untuk ikan remaja dan air yang lebih dalam untuk ikan dewasa, dan kualitas air ditemukan sesuai untuk kelangsungan hidup ikan gadih.
बहुभाषिक कक्षामा भाषिक परीक्षण तथा मूल्याङ्कन {Linguistic Testing and Assessment in the Multilingual Classroom}
Authors: बोहरा Bohara गणेशबहादुर Ganeshbahadur
Published: June 2023

प्रस्तुत लेख बहुभाषिक कक्षामा भाषिक परीक्षण र मूल्याङ्कनलाई कसरी प्रभावकारी बनाउन सकिन्छ भन्ने कुरामा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । दुईभन्दा बढी भाषा बोल्ने विद्यार्थीको उपस्थिति भएको कक्षाकोठा बहुभाषिक कक्षा हो । बहुभाषाको प्रयोगले शिक्षण सिकाइमा सहजता हुनुका साथै सिकारुको सिकाइ दर पनि बढ्ने हुनाले वर्तमान समयमा बहुभाषी शिक्षणको प्रचलन बढ्दै गएको पाइन्छ । बहुभाषिक कक्षामा भाषिक परीक्षण तथा मूल्याङ्कन सम्पन्न गर्नका लागि पाठ्यक्रमका उद्देश्य, परीक्षणीय विषय, भाषिक सिपको छनोट, भाषिक एक निष्ठता, योजनाबद्ध परीक्षण, विश्वसनीयता र वैधता आदि कुरामा ध्यान दिनुपर्ने हुन्छ । बहुभाषिक कक्षामा परीक्षण तथा मूल्याङ्कन सम्पन्न गर्नका लागि लिखित, मौखिक, अवलोकन तथा प्रयोगात्मक आदि धेरै युक्तिहरूको प्रयोग गर्नु आवश्यक हुन्छ । बहुभाषिक कक्षामा शिक्षकले परीक्षण र मूल्याङ्कनलाई व्यवस्थित बनाउन विद्यार्थीका कक्षाकार्य, गृहकार्य, परीक्षा, उत्तरपुस्तिका आदिलाई समेटी पोर्टफोलियो निर्माण गर्ने र त्यसलाई भाषा सिकाइका क्रममा उपयोग गर्ने कार्य गर्नुपर्दछ । त्यस्तै परीक्षणमा कमजोर देखिएका विद्यार्थीलाई निराकरणमूलक, प्रोत्साहनमूलक र सवलीकरणयुक्त कार्यहरू गरेर पुनः परीक्षणका लागि तयार गर्ने, निरन्तर प्रेरणा, हौसला, मार्गदर्शन र परामर्श सेवा प्रदान गर्ने आदि कार्य गरी वहुभाषिक कक्षाका विद्यार्थीहरूको उपलब्धि स्तर बढाउन सकिने देखिन्छ ।
Factors Affecting School Participation of Visually Impaired Children
Authors: Neupane Devi Kumari
Published: June 2023

Factors Affecting School Participation of Visually impaired children is a narrative inquiry on the affecting factors that hinders the visually impaired children at school and home from learning. This research aims at exploring the current scenario of the participation of visual impaired children in school education and its affecting factors. I used qualitative research design with a narrative approach. The site of this study was one of the community schools in the Parsa district. The population of this research was two students and a teacher from the school. I used a purposive sampling procedure. I conducted an in-depth interview using interview guidelines as a data collection tool, developed themes based on the information provided by the participants, and linked them with theories. It was found that the participation of visually impaired children seemed very poor being affected by the factors like-poverty, pedagogical preparation, required materials for visually impaired children, peer behavior, lack of self-efficacy, decreased ability to perform physical tasks, traditional perceptions towards disability, violence and defending capability. This research will support the policymakers, teachers, related stakeholders, and duty bearers for policy making and implementation to increase the participation of visual impairment students in school education and reduce the factors that influence them to place them in educational opportunities.
The Learning Practices of the Students with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Bhatt Bal Dev
Published: June 2023

In this research article the current learning practices to the students with physical disabilities are discussed. It is a qualitative study. The main objective of the study is to analyze current learning practices used for students with physical disabilities in Kailali district. Interview schedule and classed observation were the major tools for the collection of data in the study. The researcher chose case study as a research design. In this study, the organization is a case where physically disabled students stay and study. Among eight teachers three teachers were selected through Purposive sampling method. The data were collected from teachers who were teaching physically disabled students in school teaching. The findings of the study showed that the practice of teaching physically disabled students seemed to be difficult and challenging. The foremost reason behind this is the lack of disability-assistive infrastructure, parental support, social stigma, teachers training and awareness. Moreover, the findings revealed that teachers’ professionalism, engagement with students, planning for the lesson, inculcating the spirit of a creative and critical thinking and setting goals can prove instrumental to maximize students’ outcomes. The implication of the study is that the teachers should enhance special skills to deal with physically disabled students for their better performance.
‘परालको आगो’ कथामा रस विधान {Rasa Vidhan in the story 'Paralko Aago'}
Authors: बडू Badu भुवेश्वरी Bhuweshwori
Published: June 2023

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन कथाकार गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीद्वारा लिखित ‘नासो’ कथासङ्ग्रहभित्र राखिएको ‘परालको आगो’ कथामा रसविधानको अध्ययन विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित छ । गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीको ‘परालको आगो’ कथामा रसको प्रयोग रस सिद्धान्तका आधारमा केलाउनु यसको मूल उद्देश्य रहेको छ । पूर्वीय साहित्य सिद्धान्तमा आधारित भएर यस अध्ययनलाई भरतको रससिद्धान्तका कोणबाट विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । कथामा प्रयुक्त भनाइको गाम्भीर्यता र रसको सङ्गठनलाई उक्ति वैचित्यका आाधारमा अध्ययनको केन्दविन्दु बनाइएको छ । नेपाली ग्रामीण समाजका निम्न वर्गीय मानिसहरुको जीवन भोगाइलाई चामे र गौथलीका माध्यमबाट दैखाउँदै लोग्नेस्वास्नीको झगडा ‘परालको आगो’ भन्ने उक्ति चरितार्थ गरेको छ । यसकथामा शृङ्गार रस र रौद्र रसको प्रयोगको अवस्थाको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यो लेख गुणात्मक अध्ययनमा आधारित छ । पुस्तकालयीय कार्यबाट सामग्रीको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको यस लेखमा विशेष गरी ‘परालको आगो’ कथामा रस विधानको पहिचानलाई मूल आधार बनाइएको छ । समग्रमा यस अध्ययनमा परालको आगो कथामा रस विधानका दृष्टिकोणले शृङ्गारिक र रौद्र रसको प्रयोगको अवस्था के कस्तो रहेको छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
प्रभावकारी शिक्षणः नेपाली शिक्षामा अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थीका विचार {Effective Teaching: Students' views on Nepali Education}
Authors: न्यौपाने Nyaupane भागीरथा Bhagiratha
Published: June 2023

यस लेखमा कस्तो शिक्षण भयो भने नेपाली शिक्षा विषयका विद्यार्थीमा रुचि बढाउन सकिन्छ र उनीहरूले अपेक्षित सिकाइउपलब्धि हासिल गर्दछन् भन्ने प्रश्नको जवाफ खोजिएको छ। विद्यार्थीहरू के चाहन्छन्, उनीहरूको विचारमा शिक्षकले कस्तो विधि र प्रक्रिया अपनाउँदा शिक्षण उपलब्धिमूलक हुन्छ भन्ने बारेमा उनीहरूलाई नै सोधेर, उनीहरूका विचारपहिचान गरी उनीहरूकै अनुभवका आधारमा प्रभावकारी शिक्षणका उपायहरू खोजी गर्न‘ यस लेखको मूल उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यहाँ गुणात्मक अनुसन्धानको घटना प्रतिक्रिया अध्य (फेनोमेनोलोजी) विधिको प्रयोग गरी अन्तर्वार्ताका माध्यमबाट सूचना सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । सहभागीहरूबाट आएका सूचनालाई छोटा–छोटा बुँदा बनाई (कोडिङ गरी त्यसलाई समूह विभाजनगरेर मुख्य शीर्षकमा पुगी विश्लेषण गरिएको छ यस अनुसन्धानले शिक्षकमा पर्याप्त विषयवस्तुको ज्ञान हुनुपर्ने, अन्तरक्रियात्मक कक्षामा विद्यार्थीको रुचि बढ्ने, अध्यापन गर्दा एकोहोरो विषयवस्तुका बारेमा मात्र बताउनु भन्दा समसामयिक, व्यावहारिक, तात्कालिक र स्थानीय प्रसङ्गका कुराहरू जोडेर विद्यार्थीमा अभिरुचि जगाउनु उपयुक्त हुन्छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालेको छ यसका साथै शिक्षकले बेला–बेलामा आफ्नो शिक्षण क्रियाकलापको बारेमा पृष्ठपोषण लिंदै सुधारात्मक शिक्षण गर्न‘ पर्ने जस्ता महत्त्वपूर्ण कुराहरू सहभागीको तर्फबाट आएका छन् त्यसैले यस लेखले शिक्षण कार्यमा संलग्न शिक्षकहरूका साथै सरोकारवालाहरू सबैलाई सहयोग पुग्न सक्छ भन्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ l
EVALUASI DIMENSI TOLERANSI KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Mulyana Mulyana
Published: June 2023

Kerukunan umat beragama di Indonesia kerap mendapat sorotan dari banyak akademisi. Kerukunan umat beragama bahkan menjadi sasaran penting kinerja Kementerian Agama yang diukur melalui survey indeks kerukunan umat beragama, yang telah dilakukan setidaknya sejak tahun 2016. Tulisan ini bertujuan membahas gambaran kerukunan umat beragama di Provinsi Lampung, salah satu provinsi tempat penyelenggaraan survei kerukunan umat beragama. Pembahasan difokuskan pada dimensi toleransi yang menjadi salah satu dari tiga indicator utama pengukuran dalam survey tersebut. Pertanyaan utama yang dijawab dalam makalah ini adalah seberapa tinggi tingkat toleransi di Provinsi Lampung jika dibandingkan tingkat toleransi secara nasional maupun provinsi lainnya? Berdasarkan hasil survei Indeks Kerukunan Umat Beragama Tahun 2022, kondisi toleransi di Provinsi Lampung terbilang cukup baik, dibandingkan kondisi nasional maupun provinsi lainnya. Dibandingkan tren secara nasional, angka Indeks Toleransi Provinsi Lampung hanya sedikit di bawah angka Indeks Toleransi Nasional. Pada tahun 2022, angka Indeks Toleransi Provinsi Lampung menempati urutan ke-25. Posisi itu turun tiga peringkat dibandingkan tahun 2021 ketika Provinsi Lampung menempati urutan ke-22. Hal itu tentu perlu menjadi introspeksi bagi seluruh pemangku kerukunan di Provinsi Lampung. Perlu dilakukan kajian lebih lanjut untuk menggali faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan angka Indeks Toleransi di Provinsi Lampung.
UNTAIAN DAMAI MERAJUT KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Salman Ibnu
Published: June 2023

Tulisan ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi dan memberikan berbagai gambaran tentang kondisi kerukunan umat beragama di Provinsi Lampung. Secara khusus, tulisan ini berupaya menyoroti indikator utama, yakni keberadaan Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB) sumsel dalam menjaga dan mengharmonisasikan kerukunan umat beragama serta bagaimana kebijakan kerukunan umat beragama dapat menjadi contoh ideal yang dapat diimplementasikan oleh masyarakat sehingga menjadi landasan penting terwujudnya kerukunan dan toleransi sebuah wilayah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan systematic literature review terhadap hasil survey Kerukunan Umat Beragama (KUB) yang dikeluarkan oleh Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama sejak tahun 2017 hingga 2022. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan indeks KUB di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, dengan zero conflict nya, namun demikian, menurut survei Badan Litbang Kementerian Agama justru Sumatera Selatan mengalami penurunan indeks KUB dari 68,79 di tahun 2021 menjadi 67,05 di tahun 2022. Walaupun masih berada pada katagori tinggi hal ini justru menjadi potensi bagi Sumatera Selatan agar bisa mempertahankan atau justru meningkatkan indeks KUB di tahun-tahun berikutnya. Penurunan angka persentase jika dielaborasi lebih lanjut bisa saja dikarenakan ada faktor yang menjadi pemicu, missal kebijakan kerukunan yang kurang tersosialisasikan dengan baik, atau justru karena peran serta pemerintah dalam menjaga harmonisasi kerukunan umat beragama terpengaruh iklim politik imbas pergantian atau pemilihan kepala daerah.
PIIL PESENGGIRI SEBAGAI MODAL SOSIAL: MENINGKATKAN KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Noorbani Muhammad Agus
Published: June 2023

Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis dan memberikan berbagai opsi kebijakan bagi peningkatan kondisi kerukunan umat beragama di Provinsi Lampung. Secara khusus, tulisan ini berupaya menyoroti dua indikator utama, yakni kesetaraan dan kerjasama, yang menjadi landasan penting terwujudnya kerukunan dan toleransi sebuah wilayah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan systematic literature review terhadap hasil survey Kerukunan Umat Beragama (KUB) yang dikeluarkan oleh Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama sejak tahun 2017 hingga 2022. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan indeks KUB secara nasional pada kurun tiga tahun terakhir. Namun demikian, pada skala lokal, terjadi tren penurunan indeks KUB di beberapa wilayah, seperti Provinsi Lampung dalam kurun tiga tahun belakangan. Indikator kesetaraan adalah indikator yang mengalami penurunan cukup tajam dari tahun lalu, sementara indikator kerjasama mengalami peningkatan meski tidak terlalu tajam. Rekomendasi kebijakan pada kajian ini berkisar pada upaya peningkatan modal sosial yang ada dalam nilai-nilai dan norma lokal.
SCOTS PINE NATURAL RENEWAL AS AN OBJECT FOR THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT CONDITION MONITORING NEAR THE TOWN OF SVOBODNY (AMUR REGION)
Authors: Velikiy R.S.
Published: June 2023

In the vicinity of Svobodny in the Amur Region, there are the world’s largest natural gas processing and helium production enterprises. In this regard, the relevance of an objective assessment of the environmental situation is especially important. In the work, the author defines indicator properties of the Scots pine natural regeneration. He gives the analysis of undergrowth parameters in areas with different degrees of anthropogenic load. It is established that the indicators of the number of specimens per unit area, age structure, growth and vitality of Scots pine in the vicinity of Svobodny can have an indicative value for environmental monitoring of the territory.
IMPORTANCE OF THE ARBORETUM PARK FOR PRESERVING THE BIROBIDZHAN NATURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Kalinin A.Yu. , Rubtsova T.A.
Published: June 2023

The article describes the Arboretum park as a specially protected natural territory in the Jewish Autonomous region providing information about its natural conditions, the arboretum history, stages of its development and scientific research of flora and vegetation. Particular attention is paid to the introduction of woody plants and their preservation in the area natural and climatic conditions. It is presented the list of woody plants from the Russian Federation and the Jewish Autonomous region Red Books. The authors show the Bastak state nature reserve importance in improving the activities for a specially protected natural area. The emphasis is placed on the target function of the arboretum associated with ecological and educational work with the Birobidzhan and Jewish Autonomous region population.
BIROBIDZHAN TOWN: FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Gurevich V.S.
Published: June 2023

On March 2, 1937, the town of Birobidzhan appeared on the map of the Soviet Union, transformed from the workers' settlement of the same name. At that time, for the Jewish Autonomous region, created three years before, it was already the administrative and cultural center. Soon Birobidzhan became one of the industrial centers of the Far East with a developed mechanical engineering, represented by factories for the production of rice-grain and forage harvesters on caterpillar tracks, transformers and complete transformer substations.Light industry products – outerwear, upper knitwear and underwear, winter and summer shoes – were supplied to all settlements of the Far East region. At present, after the deep crisis of the nineties, the town's economy has seen trends in sustainable development, growth in investment, production volume and shipment of products.
VOLATILE AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE KHABAROVSK SMALL RIVERS WATER IN THE WINTER MEZEN
Authors: Shesterkin V.P. , Filippova G.M.
Published: June 2023

The work gives estimation of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons content in the water of small rivers in Khabarovsk in December 2021. The maximum concentrations of benzene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and pseudocumol were noted in the Kurcha-Murcha river water draining the refinery area.
Metasubject approach to teaching geography on the example of studying the life of the Eskimos
Authors: Samigullina Galina Savelevna
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the work is to substantiate the meta-subject approach to teaching geography on the example of studying the life of ethnic groups. Based on the methods of analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature and technological maps of lessons taken from teachers' websites; designing the meta-subject content of educational tasks in the course of school geography, the need to use the subject and meta-subject approach in their totality was identified and justified. The author's assignments for the development of basic logical actions among students and the formation of interdisciplinary concepts were developed with the involvement of knowledge, methods of activity and concepts of related disciplines on the example of studying the life and life of the Eskimos in the subarctic tundra. The meta-subject approach made it possible to realize the pedagogical potential of geography in the educational process using the knowledge of history, biology, physics, and chemistry. Interdisciplinary concepts were revealed in the study of the dwellings of the Eskimos. The results of the study were tested in the system of advanced training for teachers of geography, biology, chemistry, physics; in the system of training future teachers of geography and ecology. The developed complex integrated tasks, in which universal learning activities require a logical continuation using interdisciplinary concepts, can be used in the study of disciplines at the bachelor’s-lauric level “Project activity in education”, the master’s program “Formation of meta-subject learning outcomes in geography”.
Linguistic-stylistic and literary interpretation of S. Zweig’s short story "Governess" at the plot and character level
Authors: Akinshina Inna Bronislavovna , Sleptsova Svetlana Vladimirovna , Kuzmina Oxana Vladimirovna
Published: June 2023

The interaction of literary and linguistic approaches in the process of analyzing a literary text makes it possible to penetrate into the depth of the artistic work. This is the relevance of the study. The authors conducted a philological analysis of the ethical S. Zweig’s short story “The Governess” using these approaches. The following means were identified to characterize the psychological tension of the characters: climax and introspection. The analysis of linguistic-stylistic means in the description of the presented images of characters and their interactions is carried out. The analysis revealed the following tropes: direct nominations amplified by the epithets; repetitions of verbs and nouns; artistic comparisons; metaphors; metonymies; paraphrases; hyperboles; personifications; internal parallelisms; figures of “default”; internal monologues; rhetorical questions and exclamations. Three stages of dynamization of the emotional experiences of the main characters are identified with the help of linguistic-stylistic means: 1) slight suspicion, vague contradiction, caution; 2) distrust, suspicion, nervousness, agitation; 3) open protest, experience, grief, despair, disappointment, tears, silence, darkness. The conclusion states that S. Zweig made the best presentation of linguistic and stylistic means to characterize the main characters and the growth of their emotional tension.
Ontological Models of Proverbs as Precedent Texts (on the Material of Different Structural Models in the Russian and Chuvash Languages)
Authors: Gubanov Aleksei Rafailovich , Kozhemiakova Ekaterina Arkadevna , Gubanova Galina Fedorovna
Published: June 2023

This article presents an analysis of proverbs as precedent texts and their ontological (conceptual) models in the Russian and Chuvash languages as having different structures. The relevance of the work is due to the cognitive-pragmatic approach to the linguistic picture of the world of proverbs, as well as the need to determine the status of the ontological model of precedent texts of proverbs as a special structure of knowledge that characterizes the features of ethno-linguistic consciousness. Based on the material of Russian and Chuvash proverbs, a conceptual analysis of the precedent texts of proverbs is carried out. The basic models of the subject's cognitive decision-making strategy are distinguished: 1) cognitive setting for a low / high degree of argumentative impact: a) with the axiological dominant “gradation”; b) with a stereotypical dominant; c) with adaptive dominant; 2) cognitive attitude with the axiological component “positive – negative”. The identified types of axiological components of conceptual objects act as factors, grounds that ensure the use of proverbs as an argument, reflecting the values and traditions of the Russian and Chuvash cultural communities. Characteristic for acts of argumentation in which proverbs are used are such basic structures as one-sided argumentation and two-sided argumentation. In the discourse in the relationship of communicants in the languages under consideration, simple and complex speech acts with proverbs are used, which have the same pragmatic features, but differ in quantitative terms and communicative conditions of functioning. The structure of the precedent text of proverbs is presented as an ontology in the Protégé ontology editor system, since in modern research ontology is considered the leading paradigm of information content structuring.