bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advances and outlook of horticultural bioengineering
Authors: Guzeeva A. A. , Kapitova I. A. , Dolgov S. V. , Burmenko Yu. V.
Published: December 2021

A Branch of modern biotechnology for creating unique relevant genotypes is bioengineering that harnesses a spectrum of plant genome modification technologies. The study aimed to analyse the current state of the art in genome modification of fruit and berry crops for more significant (vs. premium pure breeding varieties) deviations of norm in the traits and properties of biotic and abiotic resistance, productivity, fruit quality, etc. First horticultural crop transformation studies aimed at developing protocols based on selectable enzyme marker genes of phosphorylationmediated aminoglycoside antibiotics detoxification. Neomycin phosphotransferase nptII constitutes the most common system of transgenic fruit and berry crop selection. In pome crops, the transgenic selection priorities were resistance to scab (Venturia inaequalis (Wint.) Cke), rust (Gymnosporangium juniper-virginianae Schwein.) and bacterial blight (Erwinia amylovora Burrill, Winslow et al.), higher fruit quality, including bright colouring, and reduced enzymatic browning. In stone crops, it was tolerance to plum pox (PPV), papaya ringspot (PRSV) and Prunus necrotic ringspot (PNRSV) viruses. In berry crops — resistance to Sphaerotheca humuli (DC.) Burrill fungus, grey mould (Botrytis cinerea Pers.), root rot (Phytophthora cactorum (Lebert & Cohn) J.Schrot.) and powdery mildew (Oidium tuckeri Berkeley), as well as higher fruit quality. In citruses — resistance to bacterial canker (Xanthomonas citri sub sp.), citrus ulcer (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri), greening disease (Huanglongbing (HLB)) and fungi (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai). In tropical crops — resistance to papaya ringspot (PRSV) and banana streak (eBSV) viruses. Unique FT-phenotype transgenic fruit lines are leveraged in the new FasTrack breeding strategy. Nine fruit and berry transgenic crop lines have now been registered worldwide. Transgenic Arctic apples (Golden, Granny, Fuji), plums (Honey Sweet) and papaya (Rainbow, SunUp, Laie Gold) are industry-approved in fresh and processed form. The transgenic list regulated in the Russian Federation does not include fruit or berry crops.
Frontenac Gris as colour-mutant Frontenac grape variety
Authors: Krasokhina S. I. , Matveeva N. V.
Published: December 2021

The work aimed to assess the cultivation and breeding prospects of the new Frontenac Gris technical grape variety obtained in 2003 by clonal selection as a colour-mutant Frontenac red technical grape originated by the University of Minnesota, USA. The variety is a complex cross-species hybrid with early maturity in the zone of Novocherkassk, Rostov Region. The variety was studied in 2018-2020 following the common viticulture and winemaking protocols at an experimental plot of the Novocherkassk trial field of All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko — Branch of the Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Centre. Vineyards were uncovered, unirrigated, grafted, Berlandieri×Riparia Kober 5BB rootstock, 3×1.5 m planting scheme. Formation as medium-standard double-shouldered horizontal cordon. By combination of economic value and agrobiological traits (cold and winter hardiness, yield, anti-phytopathogen resistance, high wine material quality), the Frontenac Gris variety holds promise in industrial viticulture. It can be recommended for gardening in sufficiently humid cool climates avoiding winter bush sheltering, as well as for breeding. The variety is low-hardy to drought and summer heat, which hinders its growing in the southern country. The variety’s disadvantages are in early maturity and slight berries wilting on bush in dry and windy air, which can pose an issue in juice production from pressed berries.
Nomenclature standards and DNA barcoding of apple varieties originated by VIR Crimean Experimental Breeding Station
Authors: Bagmet L. V. , Chepinoga I. S. , Trifonova A. A. , Boris K. V. , Shlyavas A. V.
Published: December 2021

Current pace of breeding technologies relies on a tighter control of quality and identity of breeding achievements. Thereby, standardised variety nomenclature becomes of particular relevance to store original genetic information and warrant authenticity of the breeding product. A nomenclature standard regulates the variety’s name and habitus. A herbarium specimen is most appropriate for standardisation, since it defines a set of strongly inherited morphological characters for a variety. Nomenclature standards must be permanently stored in a scientific herbarium collection. The N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in alliance with national plant breeders initiated a first nomenclature standard collection of national-breeding cultivars. Aside to classical herbarising, the collection utilises molecular genetic techniques, particularly genotyping, to enable extended variety verification. The VIR team has developed the nomenclature standards of six apple varieties originated by the Crimean Experimental Breeding Station, a VIR Branch (Beloe Solntse, Zolotoy Potok, Kubanochka, Leto Krasnoe, Luchistoe and Shchedrost). The standards are supplemented with DNA barcodes obtained jointly with the N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics. Fifteen microsatellite markers were used for barcoding. The herbarium nomenclature specimens adhered to the VIR-developed protocol in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). The specimens are registered in the VIR Herbarium database and deposited in the World Crop Wild and Weed Relatives (WIR) Herbarium type collection.
The lexicon of multirod constructs in adult spinal deformity: a concise description of when, why, and how
Authors: Ramey Wyatt L. , Jack Andrew S. , Chapman Jens R.
Published: December 2021

The use of multirod constructs in the setting of adult spinal deformity (ASD) began to prevent rod fracture and pseudarthrosis near the site of pedicle subtraction osteotomies (PSOs) and 3-column osteotomies (3COs). However, there has been unclear and inconsistent nomenclature, both clinically and in the literature, for the various techniques of supplemental rod implantation. In this review the authors aim to provide the first succinct lexicon of multirod constructs available for the treatment of ASD, providing a universal nomenclature and definition for each type of supplementary rod. The primary rod of ASD constructs is the longest rod that typically spans from the bottom of the construct to the upper instrumented vertebrae. The secondary rod is shorter than the primary rod, but is connected directly to pedicle screws, albeit fewer of them, and connects to the primary rod via lateral connectors or cross-linkers. Satellite rods are a 4-rod technique in which 2 rods span only the site of a 3CO via pedicle screws at the levels above and below, and are not connected to the primary rod (hence the term “satellite”). Accessory rods are connected to the primary rods via side connectors and buttress the primary rod in areas of high rod strain, such as at a 3CO or the lumbosacral junction. Delta rods span the site of a 3CO, typically a PSO, and are not contoured to the newly restored lordosis of the spine, thus buttressing the primary rod above and below a 3CO. The kickstand rod itself functions as an additional means of restoring coronal balance and is secured to a newly placed iliac screw on the side of truncal shift and connected to the primary rod; distracting against the kickstand then helps to correct the concavity of a coronal curve. The use of multirod constructs has dramatically increased over the last several years in parallel with the increasing prevalence of ASD correction surgery. However, ambiguity persists both clinically and in the literature regarding the nomenclature of each supplemental rod. This nomenclature of supplemental rods should help unify the lexicon of multirod constructs and generalize their usage in a variety of scientific and clinical scenarios.
Surgical anatomy of minimally invasive lateral approaches to the thoracolumbar junction
Authors: Xu David S. , Walker Corey T. , Farber S. Harrison , Godzik Jakub , Gandhi Shashank V. , Koffie Robert M. , Turner Jay D. , Uribe Juan S.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

The thoracolumbar (TL) junction spanning T11 to L2 is difficult to access because of the convergence of multiple anatomical structures and tissue planes. Earlier studies have described different approaches and anatomical structures relevant to the TL junction. This anatomical study aims to build a conceptual framework for selecting and executing a minimally invasive lateral approach to the spine for interbody fusion at any level of the TL junction with appropriate adjustments for local anatomical variations.

METHODS

The authors reviewed anatomical dissections from 9 fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens as well as clinical case examples to denote key anatomical relationships and considerations for approach selection.

RESULTS

The retroperitoneal and retropleural spaces reside within the same extracoelomic cavity and are separated from each other by the lateral attachments of the diaphragm to the rib and the L1 transverse process. If the lateral diaphragmatic attachments are dissected and the diaphragm is retracted anteriorly, the retroperitoneal and retropleural spaces will be in direct continuity, allowing full access to the TL junction. The T12–L2 disc spaces can be reached by a conventional lateral retroperitoneal exposure with the rostral displacement of the 11th and 12th ribs. With caudally displaced ribs, or to expose T12–L1 disc spaces, the diaphragm can be freed from its lateral attachments to perform a retrodiaphragmatic approach. The T11–12 disc space can be accessed purely through a retropleural approach without significant mobilization of the diaphragm.

CONCLUSIONS

The entirety of the TL junction can be accessed through a minimally invasive extracoelomic approach, with or without manipulation of the diaphragm. Approach selection is determined by the region of interest, degree of diaphragmatic mobilization required, and rib anatomy.
Ivy sign: a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pediatric moyamoya
Authors: Montaser Alaa S. , Lalgudi Srinivasan Harishchandra , Staffa Steven J. , Zurakowski David , Slingerland Anna L. , Orbach Darren B. , Hausman-Kedem Moran , Roth Jonathan , Smith Edward R.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

Ivy sign is a radiographic finding on FLAIR MRI sequences and is associated with slow cortical blood flow in moyamoya. Limited data exist on the utility of the ivy sign as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in pediatric patients, particularly outside of Asian populations. The authors aimed to investigate a modified grading scale with which to characterize the prevalence and extent of the ivy sign in children with moyamoya and evaluate its efficacy as a biomarker in predicting postoperative outcomes, including stroke risk.

METHODS

Pre- and postoperative clinical and radiographic data of all pediatric patients (21 years of age or younger) who underwent surgery for moyamoya disease or moyamoya syndrome at two major tertiary referral centers in the US and Israel, between July 2009 and August 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. Ivy sign scores were correlated to Suzuki stage, Matsushima grade, and postoperative stroke rate to quantify the diagnostic and prognostic utility of ivy sign.

RESULTS

A total of 171 hemispheres in 107 patients were included. The median age at the time of surgery was 9 years (range 3 months–21 years). The ivy sign was most frequently encountered in association with Suzuki stage III or IV disease in all vascular territories, including the anterior cerebral artery (53.7%), middle cerebral artery (56.3%), and posterior cerebral artery (47.5%) territories. Following surgical revascularization, 85% of hemispheres with Matsushima grade A demonstrated a concomitant, statistically significant reduction in ivy sign scores (OR 5.3, 95% CI 1.4–20.0; p = 0.013). Postoperatively, revascularized hemispheres that exhibited ivy sign score decreases had significantly lower rates of postoperative stroke (3.4%) compared with hemispheres that demonstrated no reversal of the ivy sign (16.1%) (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.5–21.0; p = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the largest study to date that focuses on the role of the ivy sign in pediatric moyamoya. These data demonstrate that the ivy sign was present in approximately half the pediatric patients with moyamoya with Suzuki stage III or IV disease, when blood flow was most unstable. The authors found that reversal of the ivy sign provided both radiographic and clinical utility as a prognostic biomarker postoperatively, given the statistically significant association with both better Matsushima grades and a fivefold reduction in postoperative stroke rates. These findings can help inform clinical decision-making, and they have particular value in the pediatric population, as the ability to minimize additional radiographic evaluations and tailor radiographic surveillance is requisite.
Risk factors for postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pettersson Samuel D. , Kitlinski Michael , Miękisiak Grzegorz , Ali Shan , Krakowiak Michał , Szmuda Tomasz
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

A review article assessing all the risk factors reported in the literature for postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome (pCMS) among children remains absent. The authors sought to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate this issue.

METHODS

PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were queried to systematically extract potential references. The articles relating to pCMS were required to be written in the English language, involve pediatric patients (≤ 18 years of age), and provide extractable data, which included a comparison group of patients who did not develop pCMS. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data were pooled using RevMan 5.4, and publication bias was assessed by visual inspection for funnel plot asymmetry. The study protocol was registered through PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021256177).

RESULTS

Overall, 28 studies involving 2276 patients were included. Statistically significant risk factors identified from univariate analysis were brainstem invasion (OR 4.28, 95% CI 2.23–8.23; p < 0.0001), fourth ventricle invasion (OR 12.84, 95% CI 4.29–38.44; p < 0.00001), superior cerebellar peduncle invasion (OR 6.77, 95% CI 2.35–19.48; p = 0.0004), diagnosis of medulloblastoma (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.93–5.52; p < 0.0001), medulloblastoma > 50 mm (OR 8.85, 95% CI 1.30–60.16; p = 0.03), left-handedness (OR 6.57, 95% CI 1.25–34.44; p = 0.03), and a vermis incision (OR 5.44, 95% CI 2.09–14.16; p = 0.0005). On the other hand, a tumor located in the cerebellar hemisphere (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.06–0.92; p = 0.04), cerebellar hemisphere compression (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.11–0.45; p < 0.0001), and intraoperative imaging (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.18–0.72; p = 0.004) reduced the risk of pCMS.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides the largest and most reliable review of risk factors associated with pCMS. Although some risk factors may be dependent on one another, the data may be used by surgeons to better identify patients at risk for pCMS and for intervention planning.
Role of the parietooccipital fissure and its implications in the pathophysiology of posterior medial temporal gliomas
Authors: Shibahara Ichiyo , Saito Ryuta , Kanamori Masayuki , Sonoda Yukihiko , Sato Sumito , Hide Takuichiro , Tominaga Teiji , Kumabe Toshihiro
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

The parietooccipital fissure is an anatomical landmark that divides the temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes. More than 40% of gliomas are located in these three lobes, and the temporal lobe is the most common location. The parietooccipital fissure is located just posterior to the medial temporal lobe, but little is known about the clinical significance of this fissure in gliomas. The authors investigated the anatomical correlations between the parietooccipital fissure and posterior medial temporal gliomas to reveal the radiological features and unique invasion patterns of these gliomas.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed records of all posterior medial temporal glioma patients treated at their institutions and examined the parietooccipital fissure. To clarify how the surrounding structures were invaded in each case, the authors categorized tumor invasion as being toward the parietal lobe, occipital lobe, isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, insula/basal ganglia, or splenium of the corpus callosum. DSI Studio was used to visualize the fiber tractography running through the posterior medial temporal lobe.

RESULTS

Twenty-four patients with posterior medial temporal gliomas were identified. All patients presented with a parietooccipital fissure as an uninterrupted straight sulcus and as the posterior border of the tumor. Invasion direction was toward the parietal lobe in 13 patients, the occipital lobe in 4 patients, the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus in 19 patients, the insula/basal ganglia in 3 patients, and the splenium of the corpus callosum in 8 patients. Although the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus and the occipital lobe are located just posterior to the posterior medial temporal lobe, there was a significantly greater preponderance of invasion toward the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus than toward the occipital lobe (p = 0.00030, McNemar test). Based on Schramm’s classification for the medial temporal tumors, 4 patients had type A and 20 patients had type D tumors. The parietooccipital fissure determined the posterior border of the tumors, resulting in a unique and identical radiological feature. Diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) tractography indicated that the fibers running through the posterior medial temporal lobe toward the occipital lobe had to detour laterally around the bottom of the parietooccipital fissure.

CONCLUSIONS

Posterior medial temporal gliomas present identical invasion patterns, resulting in unique radiological features that are strongly affected by the parietooccipital fissure. The parietooccipital fissure is a key anatomical landmark for understanding the complex infiltrating architecture of posterior medial temporal gliomas.
The influence of social determinants of health on single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion outcomes
Authors: Khalid Syed I. , Eldridge Cody , Singh Ravinderjit , Chilakapati Sai , Thomson Kyle B. , Shanker Rachyl M. , Mehta Ankit I. , Adogwa Owoicho
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

Methods of reducing complications in individuals electing to undergo anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) rely upon understanding at-risk patient populations, among other factors. This study aims to investigate the interplay between social determinants of health (SDOH) and postoperative complication rates, length of stay, revision surgery, and rates of postoperative readmission at 30 and 90 days in individuals electing to have single-level ACDF.

METHODS

Using MARINER30, a database that contains claims information from all payers, patients were identified who underwent single-level ACDF between 2010 and 2019. Identification of patients experiencing disparities in 1 of 6 categories of SDOH was completed using ICD-9 and ICD-10 (International Classifications of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions) codes. The population was propensity matched into 2 cohorts based on comorbidity status: those with SDOH versus those without.

RESULTS

A total of 10,030 patients were analyzed; there were 5015 (50.0%) in each cohort. The rates of any postoperative complication (12.0% vs 4.6%, p < 0.001); pseudarthrosis (3.4% vs 2.6%, p = 0.017); instrumentation removal (1.8% vs 1.2%, p = 0.033); length of stay (2.54 ± 5.9 days vs 2.08 ± 5.07 days, p < 0.001 [mean ± SD]); and revision surgery (9.7% vs 4.2%, p < 0.001) were higher in the SDOH group compared to patients without SDOH, respectively. Patients with any SDOH had higher odds of perioperative complications (OR 2.8, 95% CI 2.43–3.33), pseudarthrosis (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.06–1.68), revision surgery (OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.04–2.85), and instrumentation removal (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.04–2.00).

CONCLUSIONS

In patients who underwent single-level ACDF, there is an association between SDOH and higher complication rates, longer stay, increased need for instrumentation removal, and likelihood of revision surgery.
Proizvodnja svinjskog mesa od nekastriranih muških svinja i imunokastrata
Authors: Karolyi Danijel
Published: December 2021

Aus der Produktion von nicht kastrierten männlichen Schweinen (Ebermast) und Immunokasatraten als einer Alternative zur chirurgischen Kastration von männlichen Ferkeln haben zahlreiche neue Herausforderungen in der Schweinezuchtproduktion resultiert. Neue Momente in der Produktion hängen vorrangig mit der Feststellung und Reduktion des unangenehmen Ebergeruchs und Fleischgeschmacks, der bei einigen nicht kastrierten männlichen Schweinen (sog. Ebereigenschaft) vorkommt, mit dem Abbau von Aggression und der Frage des Wohlbefindens der Tiere, mit spezifischen Futterbedürfnissen und Haltebedingungen, mit der Qualität von Rümpfen und Fleisch und mit der Verbraucherakzeptanz zusammen. In der Arbeit sind die wichtigsten Vorteile und Nachteile bei der Produktion von Schweinefleisch aus nicht kastrierten männlichen Schweinen und Immunokastraten dargestellt.
Opinion of Croatian consumers on traditional Dalmatian lamb in the process of obtaining a PDO label
Authors: Martić Kuran Linda , Đugum Jelena , Krvavica Marina , Drinovac Topalović Marijana
Published: December 2021

The protection of Dalmatian lamb ("Dalmatinska janjetina") with a protected designation of origin label (PDO) is based on the specific quality of meat of Dalmatian pramenka lamb and the traditional lamb breeding method in the geographic area that coincides with the breeding area of Dalmatian pramenka (indigenous Croatian sheep breed). Under the name of "Dalmatinska janjetina", only the meat of lambs of Dalmatian pramenka, bred exclusively in Dalmatia, can be placed on the market. In the process of obtaining a PDO label, which has recently been completed at the Croatian national level and is currently in the process at the EU level, a survey among Croatian consumers (a sample of 1,034 consumers from all over Croatia) was conducted to determine the recognition of this product on the Croatian market, as well as consumer preferences considering similar products from other Croatian regions. The research has shown that Croatian consumers recognize Dalmatian lamb as a traditional, high-quality product. Thus, almost 75 % of the respondents recognize it as a particular type of lamb of better quality than others on the Croatian market. Almost 85 % of the respondents use lamb regardless of type in their diet, but more than 58 % always on special occasions (folk festivals and family celebrations), especially if prepared in the traditional way (lamb on a spit) by which Dalmatia as a region is recognized by more than 85 % of the respondents. The market reputation and connection with the geographic production area are why Croatian consumers rather buy Dalmatian lamb over others.
Eksperimentalni pristup negaciji
Authors: Ćoso Bojana , Bogunović Irena
Published: December 2021

Negacija se može naći u svim svjetskim jezicima, a njezina je pojavnost u lingvistici dobro istražena. Psiholingvistička su istraživanja pokušala otkriti mehanizme kognitivne obrade negacije. Većina je eksperimentalnih istraživanja za ispitivanje koristila bihevioralne mjere te zadatak slaganja rečenice i slike u raznim oblicima. Prva istraživanja provedena sedamdesetih godina prošlog stoljeća otkrila su kako se jesna rečenica bolje pamti te brže i točnije obrađuje u odnosu na negaciju. Početkom novog stoljeća druga linija istraživanja pokušala je odgonetnuti koji se kognitivni procesi nalaze u podlozi takvih razlika te je predstavljeno nekoliko modela obrade negacije. Novija istraživanja, koja uspoređuju obradu različitih vrsta negacije, upućuju na potrebu za doradom/dopunom postojećih modela. Tu pretpostavku potvrdila su i nedavna istraživanja u hrvatskome jeziku, koja su pokazala da postoje razlike u obradi negacije ovisno o jezičnim ključevima, poput broja i vrste negacijskih elemenata u rečenici. S obzirom na specifičnosti hrvatskoga jezika koji dopušta dvostruku negaciju i niječni slijed, čini se važnim nastaviti istraživanje negacije u hrvatskome jeziku. Nove metode iz područja kognitivne neuroznanosti uvelike bi doprinijele postojećem znanju o neurološkoj podlozi obrade negacije, što bi potencijalno predstavljalo i značajan doprinos daljnjem razvoju postojećih modela. Stoga je cilj ovoga rada prikazati rezultate dosadašnjih eksperimentalnih istraživanja negacije u hrvatskome i drugim jezicima, sagledati i usporediti osnovne modele kognitivne obrade negacije, razmotriti prikladnost eksperimentalnih zadataka kojima se ispituje negacija te predložiti smjernice za daljnja istraživanja negacije u hrvatskome jeziku.
Anarkiste u Viencu: literarni opus Vladimira Mažuranića
Authors: Zima Dubravka
Published: December 2021

U članku se interpretira literarni opus Vladimira Mažuranića, koji je tijekom 1870-ih i 1880-ih godina surađivao u Viencu književnim prilozima i esejima, a 1883. napisao dramu Grof Ivan, nagrađenu na natječaju Matice hrvatske. U književnom se radu Mažuranić bavio tzv. ženskim pitanjem (o čemu je objavio tri članka u Viencu) i ruskom književnošću (članak o Turgenjevu i nihilizmu), napisao je nekoliko prigodnih i sentimentalnih pjesama te komediju o anarhizmu. U članku se njegov književni opus kontekstualizira s obzirom na aktualnost njegovih književnih i društvenih interesa, uključujući i činjenicu da komediju o anarhistima Mažuranić piše u vrijeme zagrebačkog suđenja anarhistima koje je privuklo veliku javnu pozornost.
Erschtens kann i sie net überreda a kalt a ovo a ono. Prebacivanje na hrvatski u razgovorima na lokalnom varijetetu njemačkog jezika austrijskog grada Bludenza druge generacije tamošnjih govornika hrvatskog jezika
Authors: Marić Dario , Kujundžić Mari
Published: December 2021

U ovome članku predstavljaju se rezultati istraživanja prebacivanja na hrvatski jezik u svakodnevici druge generacije govornika hrvatskog jezika čiji su roditelji u posljednja četiri desetljeća prošlog stoljeća iz SFRJ odnosno Republike Hrvatske došli na privremeni rad u grad Bludenz u austrijskoj saveznoj državi Vorarlberg. Teorijski i metodološki okviri ovoga istraživanja preuzeti su od interpretativne sociolingvistike. Korpus istraživanja čine tonski snimci autentičnih razgovora licem u lice odnosno snimci autentičnih telefonskih razgovora. Analitički postupak predstavlja kvalitativna analiza sekvencija u razgovoru koja se znatnim dijelom oslanja na njihovu momentalnu interpretaciju od strane samih sudionika zabilježenu u transkriptima njihovog govornog i okogovornog okruženja. Cilj ovog istraživanja je sagledati pojavnost hrvatskoga u razgovorima dvojezičnih ispitanika na lokalnom, bludenškom varijetetu njemačkog jezika i odrediti koje okolnosti aktiviraju hrvatskojezičnu kompetenciju. Analiza podataka je pokazala da se prebacivanje na hrvatski u korpusu pojavljuje u postupku pripovijedanja doživljaja s karakterizacijom sudionika u doživljaju, u ponavljanoj vezi riječi koja je aktualna ispitanicima, u sporednim sekvencijama razgovora te da služi imenovanju referenta za koje u njemačkom ne postoji riječ.
Tri pojma za jedan: eksempl, pelda i prilika
Authors: Radošević Andrea , Dürrigl Marija-Ana
Published: December 2021

U radu se analizira odnos prema višeznačnosti latinskoga leksema exemplum. Problematika žanrovskog pitanja exemplum-a i njegove uporabe još i danas predstavlja izazov raznim istraživačima. Riječ je o pojmu kojim su se u srednjemu vijeku najčešće označavali kratki narativni oblici (egzempl u užem značenju) i retoričke figure. Autori srednjovjekovnih tekstova, uključujući i Johannesa Herolta kao autora zbirke propovijedi prema kojoj su nastali glagoljski Disipuli, njime su označavali ona mjesta u tekstu koja su bila obuhvaćena egzemplifikacijom. U glagoljskim Disipulima na mjestu lat. exemplum-a pojavljuju se leksemi iz triju idioma: eksempl, pelda, prilika. Istraživanje podznačenjskih valera navedenih triju bliskoznačnica pokazalo je postojanje određene dosljednosti u njihovoj uporabi. Exemplum se prevodi kao pelda kada se odnosi na paradigmatski primjer, znatno rjeđe na retoričku figuru. Prilika se pojavljuje na mjestima na kojima je exemplum označavao retoričku figuru, biblijsku parabolu, samo katkad paradigmatski primjer. Srednjovjekovni exemplum kao kratki narativni oblik prevodi se isključivo atinizmom eksempl. U radu se istražuje pokušaj razlikovnoga terminološkoga obilježavanja latinskoga pojma u glagoljskom rukopisu s ciljem utvrđivanja načela na temelju kojih se provodio izbor triju bliskoznačnica.
Diverticulosis de intestino delgado, hallazgo intraoperatorio
Authors: Salada Rocío , Tasende Laura , Gómez del Valle María José
Published: December 2021

La diverticulosis puede presentarse en cualquier sector del tubo digestivo. La topografía de intestino delgado es infrecuente, se presenta sobre todo a nivel del yeyuno y en un 35% de los casos se asocia con diverticulosis colónica.

Es más frecuente en mayores de 40 años. Los divertículos van disminuyendo de tamaño y número hacia el sector distal.

Habitualmente el diagnóstico es incidental, sin embargo, pueden presentar complicaciones de las cuales se destacan por frecuencia el sangrado gastrointestinal y la diverticulitis.

Se plantea que la deficiencia de fibra dietética generaría anomalías en el peristaltismo intestinal, lo que junto con fenómenos pseudo-obstructivos y alta presión intraluminal, actuaría en áreas de debilidad focal provocando la lesión.

Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 88 años con una oclusión de colon a la cual se le realizó una cirugía de Hartmann, en el intraoperatorio se identificó divertículos de yeyuno sin elementos complicaciones.
Primer reporte nacional de técnica de puestow modificada para el tratamiento de la pancreatitis aguda recidivante en pediatría
Authors: Sienra Celina , Pereira-Núñez Diego , Juambeltz Carlos
Published: December 2021

Se comunica el primer reporte nacional del tratamiento de pancreatitis aguda recidivante mediante derivación Wirsung-yeyunal en pediatría. Se trata de un paciente con múltiples ingresos hospitalarios por episodios de pancreatitis, con complicaciones evolutivas de pseudoquistes pancreáticos, estenosis y litiasis del conducto de Wirsung. Se realiza derivación Wirsung-yeyunal por vía convencional con buena evolución posterior.
Pupuk Organik Cair Berbahan Dasar Limbah Ternak untuk Tanaman Sayuran
Authors: Saragih Evi Warintan  , Purwanigsih Purwaningsih , Noviyanti  , Angelina Tethool
Published: December 2021

Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) merupakan pupuk berbentuk cair hasil fermentasi berbagai bahan organik. Keunggulan POC dari segi aplikasi yang mudah, dibutuhkan dalam jumlah sedikit dan unsur hara yang langsung tersedia sehingga cepat dimanfaatkan tanaman. Kegiatan pengabdian meliputi penyuluhan, demonstrasi pembuatan POC berbahan kotoran kambing dan daun gamal serta aplikasi POC.  Metode participatory rural approach (PRA) digunakan dalam kegiatan peserta peternak kambing di Kampung Prafi Mulya dan Matoa di distrik Prafi Kabupaten Manokwari.  Partisipasi masyarakat pada kegiatan cukup tinggi diindikasikan dengan keaktifan dan kehadiran peserta yang 100% dalam semua kegiatan. Keunggulan POC berbahan dasar kotoran kambing, dosis penggunaan dan aplikasinya adalah hal-hal yang ditnayakan peserta kegiatan. POC yang dihasilkan sebanyak ± 100 liter. Apabila asumsi penggunaan pupuk cair per ha sebanyak 20 liter, maka produksi POC yang dihasilkan pada kegiatan ini dapat digunakan untuk 5 hektar lahan. Asumsi penjualan POC dengan harga Rp. 10.000/botol (1500 ml) dapat menghasilkan lebih dari Rp 6,5 juta. Aplikasi POC pada tanaman sawi dengan dosis 15 cc/liter air menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang cukup baik.
Pelatihan Mendeley Bagi Para Peneliti Muda Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Anggraini Muthia , Alfian Saleh
Published: December 2021

Penggunaan referensi atau citation manager seperti mendeley yang sudah mulai digalakkan bagi mahasiswa yang sedang menyusun Tugas Akhir, dapat mempermudah mahasiswa merevisi proposal atau Tugas Akhirnya dan dapat memahami lebih dalam lagi revisi Tugas Akhir. Dalam pengerjaan Tugas Akhir mahasiswa terbatas dalam mengakses referensi populer. Mahasiswa yang tergabung dalam grup research Tugas Akhir  masih banyak yang kewalahan dan bahkan ada sebagian yang belum mengetahui tentang aplikasi Mendeley. Pada kegiatan pengabdian yang akan dilaksanakan pada Young Reasearcher  Kota Pekanbaru, maka kami selaku tim pengabdian memberikan solusi yaitu memberikan pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi mendeley. Hasil yang didapat dari pelatihan ini adalah kegiatan pengabdian ini berlangsung dengan lancar, sesuai dengan waktu yang ditentukan serta  mendapatkan perhatian yang baik serta respon positif dari seluruh peserta pelatihan. Peserta bisa menggunakan aplikasi mendeley dengan baik yaitu mulai dari menginstal software mendeley pada laptop, bisa melakukan pendaftaran atau pembuatan akun pada laman mendeley, bisa mensinkronisasikan mendeley dengan mocrosoft word melalui fitur Install MS Word Plugin, bisa melakukan penelusuran pustaka yang dilakukan secara daring, dan terakhir bisa membuat daftar pustaka secara otomatis dengan gaya sitasi yang disesuaikan. Kesimpulannya kuisoner sebelum pelatihan dimana jawaban yang paling dominan adalah 46,47% peserta pernah mendengar tentang mendeley. Untuk kuisoner setelah pelatihan 100% peserta memahami penggunaan aplikasi dan bisa menggunaan aplikasi mendeley
Peningkatan Kemampuan Apoteker sebagai Peneliti dalam Upaya Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness
Authors: Sari Kartika Citra Dewi Permata , Puspita Nanda , Purwonugroho Tunggul Adi , Muslim Zamharira , Mustikaningtias Ika , Hidayah Fitria Nur
Published: December 2021

Hingga saat ini, resistensi antimikroba masih menjadi masalah akibat ketidakrasionalan penggunaan antimikroba. Diperlukan minat dan pemahaman dari praktisi Apoteker untuk meneliti terkait antimikroba sehingga dapat berkontribusi terhadap penyelesaian masalah tersebut. Akan tetapi, penelitian lebih umum dilakukan oleh para akademisi dibandingkan dengan praktisi. Oleh sebab itu, dirancang sebuah kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang bertujuan meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman praktisi Apoteker terkait penelitian antimikroba. Bentuk kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah Focus Group Discussion (FGD) yang diawali dengan paparan ilmiah oleh narasumber. Peserta di setiap kelompok diatur terdiri dari gabungan akademisi dan praktisi Apoteker. Pada sesi FGD, praktisi Apoteker memaparkan permasalahan terkait antimikroba berdasarkan pengalaman kerjanya. Para akademisi berkontribusi untuk menyusun permasalahan menjadi sebuah kerangka penelitian yang dapat diaplikasikan. Berdasarkan post-assessment, kegiatan FGD antara akademisi dan praktisi terbukti meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman peserta terkait penelitian antimikroba. Kolaborasi antara akademisi dan praktisi perlu ditingkatkan untuk mengatasi masalah praktikal termasuk resistensi antimikroba.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Literasi dan Numerasi Peserta Didik Melalui Program Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 2
Authors: Rachman Bagus Ali Rachman , Firyalita Sarah Fidaus  , Nurul Lailatul Mufidah  , Halimatus Sadiyah  , Ifit Novita Sari
Published: December 2021

This service is motivated by the activities of Campus Teaching 2 which is a form of implementation of the Merdeka Learning Campus Merdeka (MBKM) program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology. This program is based on the ineffectiveness of the implementation of learning carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic. This can be seen from the decline in students' interest in learning, the level of understanding of students when learning, and the literacy and numeracy abilities of students. Based on these problems affect the effectiveness of the learning process, one of which is in SMP Negeri 2 Tanggulangin. One of the methods used in the service is literacy and numeracy habituation activities. The final result of this activity is the habituation of literacy and numeracy for students at SMP Negeri 2 Tanggulangin and increasing the real role and contribution of higher education institutions and students in national development
The Effectiveness of Lore Traditional Games Towards The Ability to Recognize The Concept of Numbers on Early Childhood
Authors: Warmansyah Jhoni , Zulhendri Zulhendri , Amalina Amalina
Published: December 2021

This study aims at finding out the effectiveness of traditional Lore games on the ability to recognize the concept of numbers in kindergarten. This research used a quantitative approach implemented in the form of the quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest design. The population of this study is all early childhood students of group B in South Pariaman District, Pariaman City. Sample withdrawal technique using simple random sampling. Data collection techniques use a test of the ability to recognize the concept of numbers that self-designed, refer to aspects and indicators.  Hypothetical testing using data analysis techniques is a paired t-test by looking at each difference from the average score comparison. The result shows that traditional Lore games are effective in developing the ability to recognize the concept of numbers in early childhood. Therefore, the use of traditional games can be a strategy for teachers to teach math, particularly about the concept of numbers.
Counteracting Hoax in Social Media Through Tabayyun By Islamic Student Community
Authors: Reza Iredho Fani
Published: December 2021

This study aims to find out hoaxes on social media and how the form of tabayyun and its implementation can be a method of preventing hoaxes spread on social media. Using this type of research mixed methods with the design of the Sequential Exploratory Strategy. The subjects in this study N Total = 514 who were Muslim students at universities in Palembang City which were determined using purposive sampling technique. The data collection method used an online survey. Data analysis using coding techniques (open coding, axial coding and selective coding) version 9 of the Atlas.ti program and product moment analysis and testing for level categorization of the IBM SPSS version 24 program. This study found, first, the form of hoaxes on social media: 1) News lie; 2) False information; 3) Does not match the facts. Second, students have not implemented tabayyun optimally in responding to news on social media. The form of the application of tabayyun is to seek the truth by thinking critically, observing and confirming the news and information obtained.
Pemahaman Masyarakat Mengenai Perbedaan Antara Zakat, Infak, Sedekah dan Wakaf (ZISWAF) (Studi Kasus Di Nagari Tanjung Barulak Kecamatan Tanjung Emas)
Authors: Effendi Amri , Mory Friyan Kha
Published: December 2021

: Fokus masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah pemahaman mengenai perbedaan antara zakat, infak, sedekah dan wakaf oleh masyarakat di Nagari Tanjung Barulak Kecamatan Tanjung Emas.Tujuan pembahasan ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemahaman masyarakat Tanjung Barulak mengenai zakat, infak, sedekah dan wakaf dan faktor- faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi pemahaman masyarakat terkait zakat, infak, sedekah dan wakaf. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah (field research) penelitian lapangan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif.Teknik pengumpulan data yang penulis lakukan adalah observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan masyarakat Tanjung Barulak dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengolahan data secara deskriptif kualitatif yaitu menghimpun data yang berhubungan dengan masalah, kemudian membaca dan menelaah, selanjutnya menganalisis data-data yang diperlukan dengan berbagai landasan teori dan terakhir menarik kesimpulan. Adapun hasil penelitian yang penulis temukan bahwa pemahaman masyarakat mengenai perbedaan antara zakat, infak, sedekah dan wakaf setelah dilakukan penelitian ternyata pemahaman mengenai ZISWAF oleh masyarakat terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok, yaitu dari 15 orang yang penulis wawancarai ada sebanyak 3 orang yang belum memahami terkait ZISWAF, ada 9 orang yang memahami ZISWAF secara garis besar saja disebut dengan pemahaman translasi  dan ada 3 orang yang sudah bisa memahami dan dapat membedakan antara zakat, infak, sedekah dan wakaf disebut dengan pemahaman interpretasi
Pengumpulan Zakat Pada Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Tanah Datar
Authors: Saputra Alges Wahyuni , Rahmi Fajrur , Afrimaigus Riko , Bahri Efri Syamsul
Published: December 2021

Zakat merupakan rukun Islam yang wajib ditunaikan umat Islam yang telah memenuhi nisab. Salah satu entitas pengelola zakat di Indonesia adalah Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas) Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Pengumpulan zakat tertinggi tahun 2020 mencapai Rp 10 milyar. Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan strategi pengumpulan zakat oleh Baznas Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan literatur. Data primer berasal dari Baznas Kabupaten Tanah Datar yang diperoleh melalui wawancara. Data sekunder diperoleh dari literatur dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Baznas Kabupaten Tanah Datar mempunyai dua strategi pengumuplan zakat, yaitu: strategi langsung, strategi tidak langsung, dan strategi sinergi pemerintahan daerah.  Strategi langsung dalam bentuk sosialisasi zakat melalui seminar, ceramah radio, dan kerjasama dengan pihak-pihak yang terkait. Strategi tidak langsung dalam bentuk kerjasama pengumpulan zakat dengan sekolah-sekolah dan perguruan tinggi yang ada di Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Strategi sinergi pemerintahan daerah dilakukan dengan adanya kerjasama pengumpulan zakat dengan instansi diantaranya adalah Dinas Pendidikan dan Kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Tanah Datar.
Penerapan Audit Syariah Dalam Peningkatan Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Dana Zakat, Infaq Dan Sedekah Pada Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Rochmantika Ridwana , Pravitasari Dyah
Published: December 2021

Zakat adalah salah satu dari Rukun Islam. Kewajiban untuk membayar zakat bukan hanya untuk menunjukkan ketakwaan  kepada Allah SWT akan tetapi juga dapat menjadi solusi untuk masalah sosial ekonomi seperti mengurangi kemiskinan. Potensi zakat dan wakaf di Indonesia berkembang pesat. Pemerintah dan masyarakat, dewasa ini telah mmberikan perhatian tinggi atas lembaga pengelola zakat. Pengelolaan yang optimal dari kedua pihak didukung dengan diselenggarakan program pembangunan di bidang kesehatan, pengentasaan kemiskinan, kelaparan, kesehatan  dan pelayanan pendidikan umat. Setelah ditetapkan aturan kewajiban bagi lembaga pengelola zakat menyusun laporan keuangan dan selanjutnya agar diaudit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan tentang implementasi penerapan audit syariah pada Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Tulungagung. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan jika BAZNAS Kabupaten Tulungagung laporan keuanganya telah diaudit. Tahun 2019 laporan keuangan telah diaudit oleh Kantor Akuntan Publik Suprihadi & Rekan dan diaudit oleh Kantor Wilayah  Kementerian Agama Provinsi Jawa Timur Bidang Penerangan  Agama  Islam, Zakat dan Wakaf.
Legalitas Tanah Wakaf Di Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Yarmunida Miti , Hak Nurul , Oktara Loka
Published: December 2021

Tanah wakaf di Kelurahan Pematang Gubernur Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu Kota Bengkulu 92% tidak mempunyai sertfikat sebagai bentuk legalitas tanah wakaf. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Wakaf Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 dan PP Nomor 42 Tahun 2006 bahwa harta wakaf wajib dilakukan pencatatan dan diterbitkan sertifikasinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguraikan proses ligalitas tanah wakaf di Kelurahan Pematang Gubernur Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu Kota Bengkulu dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam melakukan legalitas tanah wakaf. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah deskriftif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, sumber data primer berasal dari hasil wawancara langsung kepada Nazir, sumber data sekunder berasal dari artikel, buku, undang-undang, berita online yang relevan dengan legalitas tanah wakaf. Tehnik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data dilakukan sejak melakukan reduksi data, display data dan menarik kesimpulan penelitian. Hasil penelitian bahwa proses legalitas tanah wakaf di Kelurahan Pematang Gubernur Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu Kota Bengkulu sesuai dengan peraturan yang telah ditetapkan. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh nazir dalam melakukan legalitas tanah wakaf di Kelurahan Pematang Gubernur Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu adalah karena surat menyurat hak milik wakif terhadap tanah wakaf  tidak lengkap, dan tidak ada catatan proses mewakafkan tanah wakaf.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Excretory Function of the Liver
Authors: Oyakhire Fidelis , M.A Emokpae , Ogie Enehizena , Valentine Egho E
Published: December 2021

Diabetes mellitus is an internationally recognized health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. However, the most significant increase in prevalence is expected to occur in Asia and Africa, where most patients will be found by 2030. Diabetic Mellitus is a clinical and metabolic syndrome characterized by abnormal carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism resulting in hyperglycemia, increased protein breakdown, Ketosis or acidosis due to absolute or relative deficiency, and insulin resistance, thereby leading to vascular complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. This study evaluated the levels of plasma bilirubin, ALP, and GGT among diabetic patients. A total of eighty (80) individuals were recruited for the study comprising of forty (40) diabetes patients with age range 25-80 years and forty (40) control subjects with the age range of 20-30 years in Irrua/Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. The study was carried out within six months (December 2018 - May 2019). All patients were diabetes. The serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total and conjugated bilirubin were assayed by spectrophotometric method, and the data obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software. Serum levels of ALP, GGT, Total and unconjugated bilirubin were significantly elevated (P<0.05) among diabetes patients than control subjects except for conjugated bilirubin which was lower (P>0.05)  when compared with that of the control subjects. The mean serum levels of  ALP, GGT, total, unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin of male diabetes patients were non statistically significant (P>0.05) when compared with female diabetes subjects except the age (P<0.05). These findings indicate that hepatic injury was more likely among diabetes, and liver enzymes (ALP, GGT) are critical for monitoring glucose control concomitant with hepatic injury. Bilirubin is a potentially important biomarker for the assessment of the hepatic excretory system in diabetes mellitus.
A tool for merging extensions of abstract argumentation frameworks
Authors: Delobelle Jérôme , Mailly Jean-Guy
Published: December 2021

We describe a tool that allows the merging of extensions of argumentation frameworks, following the approach defined by (In Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR’16) ( 2016 ) 33–42). The tool is implemented in Java, and is highly modular thanks to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) principles. We describe a short experimental study that assesses the scalability of the approach, as well as the impact on runtime of using an integrity constraint.