bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Absence of Certain Island Effects in Mende
Authors: Smith Jason D.
Published: April 2024

The distinction between weak and strong islands has been extensively explored in the literature from both a descriptive and analytical perspective. In this paper, I document and analyze island constructions and constraints in Mende, an understudied Mande language spoken in Sierra Leone. Mende has both weak islands (left branch and wh-islands) and strong islands (adjunct clauses, sentential subjects, and coordinate structures). Intriguingly, it has a third class of islands, that I call mixed islands which show a subject–non-subject asymmetry in allowing for movement out of relative clauses, only when they modify the subject. As such, subject-modifying RCs cannot be classified as (strong/weak) islands in Mende. This is the first systematic work on islands and island constraints in the Mande language family, and, as such, it brings novel data from an understudied language family to bear on our understanding of A-bar dependencies and the study of island escape in African languages. It also calls into question a neat paradigm of cross-linguistic island constraints. Importantly, this work also lays down a baseline for future research on island constraints in the broader Mande language family. In order to discuss island constraints, this paper also lays out the first analysis of relative clauses in Mende, while integrating new research on the left periphery, focus constructions, and wh-constructions.
Blood Concentration of Macro- and Microelements in Women Who Are Overweight/Obesity and Their Associations with Serum Biochemistry
Authors: Knazicka Zuzana , Bihari Maros , Janco Ivona , Harangozo Lubos , Arvay Julius , Kovacik Anton , Massanyi Peter , Galik Branislav , Saraiva Jorge M. A. , Habanova Marta
Published: April 2024

Risk elements in blood matrices can affect human health status through associations with biomarkers at multiple levels. The aim of this study was to analyze 15 macro- and microelements in the blood serum of women with overweight (BMI of ≥25 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI of ≥30 kg/m2) and to examine possible associations with biochemical, liver enzymatic parameters, and markers of oxidative stress. Based on the power calculation, the study involved women (in the postmenopausal stage) with overweight (n = 26) and obesity (n = 22), aged between 50–65 years. Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure body composition parameters. Concentrations of elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and Hg was measured using cold-vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. Individuals with obesity, as indicated by a higher BMI, percentage of body fat, and visceral fat area, had elevated serum levels of Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Sr, Pb, and Hg. Concentrations of Al, Cu, K, Sb, Zn, and Pb significantly affected biochemical and liver function markers in women with overweight or obesity. Elements such as Cu and Al were associated with increased total cholesterol. The correlation analysis between total antioxidant status and Cu, Al, and Ni confirmed associations in both groups. Our findings underscore the importance of addressing excess body weight and obesity in relation to risk elements. The results of the research could be beneficial in identifying potential targets for the treatment or prevention of comorbidities in people with obesity.
Engineering Heterostructured Fe-Co-P Arrays for Robust Sodium Storage
Authors: Xiao Zidi , Gao Lin , Li Shaohui
Published: April 2024

Transition metal phosphides attract extensive concerns thanks to their high theoretical capacity in sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Nevertheless, the substantial volume fluctuation of metal phosphides during cycling leads to severe capacity decay, which largely hinders their large-scale deployment. In this regard, heterostructured Fe-Co-P (FeP/Co2P) arrays are firstly constructed in this work for SIBs. The novel self-supported construction without insulated binders favors fast charge migration and Na+ ion diffusion. In addition, the special heterostructure with abundant heterointerfaces could considerably mitigate the volume change during (de)sodiation and provide increased active sites for Na+ ions. Density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations confirm the built-in electric field in the heterointerfaces, which greatly hastens charge transfer and Na+ ion transportation, thereafter bringing about enhanced electrochemical performance. Most importantly, the FeP/Co2P heterostructure discloses higher electrical conductivity than that of bare FeP and Co2P based on the theoretical calculations. As anticipated, the heterostructured Fe-Co-P arrays demonstrate superior performance to that of Fe-P or Co-P anode, delivering high reversible capacities of 634 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and 239 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 300 cycles.
Method for Human Ear Localization in Controlled and Uncontrolled Environments
Authors: Lopez-Hernandez Eydi , Magadan-Salazar Andrea , Pinto-Elías Raúl , González-Franco Nimrod , Zuniga-Garcia Miguel A.
Published: April 2024

One of the fundamental stages in recognizing people by their ears, which most works omit, is locating the area of interest. The sets of images used for experiments generally contain only the ear, which is not appropriate for application in a real environment, where the visual field may contain part of or the entire face, a human body, or objects other than the ear. Therefore, determining the exact area where the ear is located is complicated, mainly in uncontrolled environments. This paper proposes a method for ear localization in controlled and uncontrolled environments using MediaPipe, a tool for face localization, and YOLOv5s architecture for detecting the ear. The proposed method first determines whether there are cues that indicate that a face exists in an image, and then, using the MediaPipe facial mesh, the points where an ear potentially exists are obtained. The extracted points are employed to determine the ear length based on the proportions of the human body proposed by Leonardo Da Vinci. Once the dimensions of the ear are obtained, the delimitation of the area of interest is carried out. If the required elements are not found, the model uses the YOLOv5s architecture module, trained to recognize ears in controlled environments. We employed four datasets for testing (i) In-the-wild Ear Database, (ii) IIT Delhi Ear Database, (iii) AMI Ear Database, and (iv) EarVN1.0. Also, we used images from the Internet and some acquired using a Redmi Note 11 cell phone camera. An accuracy of 97% with an error of 3% was obtained with the proposed method, which is a competitive measure considering that tests were conducted in controlled and uncontrolled environments, unlike state-of-the-art methods.
A Designed Thresholding Operator for Low-Rank Matrix Completion
Authors: Cui Angang , He Haizhen , Yang Hong
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a new thresholding operator, namely, designed thresholding operator, is designed to recover the low-rank matrices. With the change of parameter in designed thresholding operator, the designed thresholding operator can apply less bias to the larger singular values of a matrix compared with the classical soft thresholding operator. Based on the designed thresholding operator, an iterative thresholding algorithm for recovering the low-rank matrices is proposed. Numerical experiments on some image inpainting problems show that the proposed thresholding algorithm performs effectively in recovering the low-rank matrices.
Farmers’ and Experts’ Knowledge Coping with Sheep Health, Control and Anthelmintic Resistance of Their Gastrointestinal Nematodes
Authors: Cabaret Jacques , Nicourt Christian
Published: April 2024

Gastrointestinal nematodes are common in grazing sheep, but the intensity of the infection is not easily appreciated by farmers. For decades, they have relied on anthelmintic treatments to control these gastrointestinal nematodes. This has led to anthelmintic resistance and poor control of infection in most regions of the world. Using face-to-face semidirective interviews with farmers, we recorded their views on gastrointestinal nematode infection and its control. Ten organic and nine conventional meat sheep farmers from central France and 20 milk sheep farmers from the Basque region were interviewed and the data were analysed using a health model based on the importance of the disease and the barriers to implementing control. It was found that gastrointestinal nematodes were not the main health concern, and therefore farmers were not willing to invest too much time and money in their control. The conventional farmers relied on their veterinarians (the experts) to organise and select the anthelmintics, although they complained about the limited investment of their veterinarians in this matter. Organic farmers complained about their lack of knowledge about complementary and alternative medicines. Farmers rarely used faecal egg counts to build control of gastrointestinal nematodes and were unaware of the intensity of their infection. Knowledge of anthelmintic resistance was general (it exists) but farmers did not know if it existed on their farm. Resistance was often considered to have come from elsewhere, so the farmer did not feel at fault and did not take measures to prevent resistance. There is a need for all stakeholders to use faecal egg counts to assess the intensity of infection as well as the level of anthelmintic resistance to establish individual farm control programmes rather than standard blanket treatments.
Updated Progress on Polysaccharides with Anti-Diabetic Effects through the Regulation of Gut Microbiota: Sources, Mechanisms, and Structure–Activity Relationships
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Jia , Zhang Tingting , Li Shuqin , Liu Junyu , Li Mingyue , Lu Jingyang , Zhang Min , Chen Haixia
Published: April 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease worldwide. The disturbance of the gut microbiota has a complex influence on the development of DM. Polysaccharides are one type of the most important natural components with anti-diabetic effects. Gut microbiota can participate in the fermentation of polysaccharides, and through this, polysaccharides regulate the gut microbiota and improve DM. This review begins by a summary of the sources, anti-diabetic effects and the gut microbiota regulation functions of natural polysaccharides. Then, the mechanisms of polysaccharides in regulating the gut microbiota to exert anti-diabetic effects and the structure–activity relationship are summarized. It is found that polysaccharides from plants, fungi, and marine organisms show great hypoglycemic activities and the gut microbiota regulation functions. The mechanisms mainly include repairing the gut burrier, reshaping gut microbiota composition, changing the metabolites, regulating anti-inflammatory activity and immune function, and regulating the signal pathways. Structural characteristics of polysaccharides, such as monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and type of glycosidic linkage, show great influence on the anti-diabetic activity of polysaccharides. This review provides a reference for the exploration and development of the anti-diabetic effects of polysaccharides.
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of the Dwarf Soybean MiniMax
Authors: Shao Min , McCue Kent F. , Thomson James G.
Published: April 2024

This study aims to establish an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for use with the ‘MiniMax’soybean cultivar. MiniMax is a mutant soybean whose growth cycle is around 90 days, half that of most other soybean varieties, making it an optimal model cultivar to test genes of interest before investing in modification of elite lines. We describe an efficient protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using MiniMax seeds. It uses a modified ‘half seed’ regeneration protocol for transgenic soybean production, utilizing the rapid generation MiniMax variety to obtain T1 seeds in approximately 145 days. Addition of phloroglucinol (PG) to the regeneration protocol was key to obtaining high-efficiency rooting of the regenerated shoots. Transfer to soil was accomplished using an organic soil amendment containing nutrients and mycorrhiza for plants to thrive in the greenhouse. This combination of genotype and stimulants provides a transformation protocol to genetically engineer MiniMax seeds with a transgenic lab-to-greenhouse production efficiency of 4.0%. This is the first report of MiniMax soybean whole plant transformation and heritable T1 transmission. This protocol provides an ideal resource for enhancing the genetic transformation of any soybean cultivar.
Spectral-Spatial-Sensorial Attention Network with Controllable Factors for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Authors: Li Sheng , Wang Mingwei , Cheng Chong , Gao Xianjun , Ye Zhiwei , Liu Wei
Published: April 2024

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification aims to recognize categories of objects based on spectral–spatial features and has been used in a wide range of real-world application areas. Attention mechanisms are widely used in HSI classification for their ability to focus on important information in images automatically. However, due to the approximate spectral–spatial features in HSI, mainstream attention mechanisms are difficult to accurately distinguish the small difference, which limits the classification accuracy. To overcome this problem, a spectral–spatial-sensorial attention network (S3AN) with controllable factors is proposed to efficiently recognize different objects. Specifically, two controllable factors, dynamic exponential pooling (DE-Pooling) and adaptive convolution (Adapt-Conv), are designed to enlarge the difference in approximate features and enhance the attention weight interaction. Then, attention mechanisms with controllable factors are utilized to build the redundancy reduction module (RRM), feature learning module (FLM), and label prediction module (LPM) to process HSI spectral–spatial features. The RRM utilizes the spectral attention mechanism to select representative band combinations, and the FLM introduces the spatial attention mechanism to highlight important objects. Furthermore, the sensorial attention mechanism extracts location and category information in a pseudo label to guide the LPM for label prediction and avoid details from being ignored. Experimental results on three public HSI datasets show that the proposed method is able to accurately recognize different objects with an overall accuracy (OA) of 98.69%, 98.89%, and 97.56%, respectively.
Victim Care or Defendant Rights? Assessing Public Attitudes towards Special Measures Designed to Support Vulnerable Witnesses at Trial
Authors: Metson Jessica , Willmott Dominic
Published: April 2024

The introduction of ‘special measures’ within England and Wales (i.e., provisions for vulnerable and intimidated witnesses at court) marked a significant change in legal tradition and trial procedures such that victim and witness care was repositioned as a primary concern alongside the longstanding rights afforded to defendants. As public perceptions towards the legitimacy of criminal justice procedure remain a key concern among legal scholars and social scientists, this study aimed to examine individual differences in attitudes held towards the rights afforded to complainants and defendants within English courts. Adopting a cross-sectional study design, 114 UK adults were recruited to take part in an online survey. Questions centered around the importance of providing adequate witness care whilst protecting defendants’ rights to a fair trial. A new measurement tool was developed to allow these attitudes to be systematically assessed and understood, termed the Attitudes Towards Vulnerable Victims Scale (ATVVS). Results indicate that respondent age, gender, level of education, and belief in a just world are important determinants of public support for the use of special measures at trial as well as perceptions towards complainant and defendants’ rights. Taken together, findings indicate that misconceptions about vulnerable victims appear to underlie a lack of support for the use of special measures.
You Can Knock on the Doors and Windows of the University, but Nobody Will Care: How Universities Benefit from Network Silence around Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Pilinkaite Sotirovic Vilana , Lipinsky Anke , Struzińska Katarzyna , Ranea-Triviño Beatriz
Published: April 2024

This paper exposes the role of universities in creating silence around gender-based violence in higher education, drawing on narratives from 39 qualitative interviews with victims/survivors and bystanders about reporting incidents and experiences. In this paper, we extend concept of ‘network silence’ around sexual harassment to other forms of gender-based violence. Our research applies three components of the theoretical model of network silence, namely, self-silencing by victims/survivors, silencing, and not hearing by others, and analyses their contextual manifestations through the reporting experiences of victims/survivors and bystanders. This helps to identify the traits of the informal organisational structures and power dynamics, gendered attitudes, actors, and factors which facilitate silencing. The intersectional approach in our analysis of organisational contextual traits contributes to the research on inequality regimes in universities. The findings suggest that universities are making limited efforts to address silence around gender-based violence. We conclude that shared beliefs among the leadership about the reputation and prestige of the university facilitate the endurance of silence in universities. Our findings indicate reasons why universities fail to create spaces that are safe from gender-based violence.
In-Formality?: Two Cases of Temporary Uses in Urban Regeneration of South Korea
Authors: Kim Jihyun
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to explore how we can utilize temporary and tactical urbanism in urban regeneration, focusing on its ability to redistribute power relations and foster inclusive processes. The research analysis compares two urban regeneration projects that were implemented under the concept of temporary urbanism in South Korea. The first case involves the transformation of a declining shipbuilding yard area into a cultural and small retail sector, while the second case is a regeneration project of an abandoned municipal cultural center. To identify detailed differences and similarities, this research tracked the project processes and changes in relationships through in-depth interviews and the analysis of related documents. The significance of these cases lies in illustrating two distinct paths of urban transition, from informal to formal and legitimate territory. This research suggests temporary urbanism as a means of introducing new ideas and functions into urban space, especially within the context of formal and informal relations.
Sustainable Development of the Rural Labor Market in China from the Perspective of Occupation Structure Transformation
Authors: Ma Zhiyuan , Bai Yunli , Zhang Linxiu
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes the structural transformations of the occupations of all off-farm rural laborers in China over the period 2007–2022. The changes in the rural labor market are mainly reflected in the decrease in the share of routine manual laborers from 66.59 percent to 52.77 percent, and the increases in the shares of non-routine cognitive and non-working laborers by 4.48 and 10.73 percentage points from 2007 to 2022, respectively. By adopting decomposition analysis, which improves the definition of occupational classification based on information on sub-sectors in industries and job contents using a dataset with a nationally representative sample covering 2000 rural households, the results show that both composition effect and propensity effect play important roles in the decrease in routine manual occupations; the composition effect dominates the changes in the non-routine cognitive occupation category, while the propensity effect is the main driver of the increasing trend in the non-working group. The economic model further illustrates the results of decomposition analysis. These findings imply that the government should further improve education in rural areas and pay greater attention to female and low-education-attainment groups among rural laborers. This study provides a reference for policies aimed at promoting the sustainable development of the rural labor market.
Fuzzy-Set QCA on Performance and Sustainability Determinants of Ports Supporting Floating Offshore Wind Farms
Authors: Caldeirinha Vítor , Felício J. Augusto , Pinho Tiago , Rodrigues Ricardo
Published: April 2024

The present study explores the relationship between the characteristics, performance, and sustainability of ports that will, in the future, support the logistical chains of new floating offshore wind farms, considering the crucial advancement and expansion of the offshore wind energy sector for the transition to a low-carbon economy. Through a detailed analysis, which includes international case studies in America and Europe utilizing expert interviews and quantitative methods through surveys, the importance of the location, new types of infrastructure and superstructure, and new planning and governance models for the performance and sustainability of ports that will be involved in this new energy industry is highlighted. Also, the context in which ports associated with floating wind turbines are located influences the performance and sustainability. This research employs Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), based on a survey of 22 European sector company experts, to emphasize the critical port characteristics for the performance and sustainability. This study reveals the significant contribution of supporting ports for the future floating offshore wind sector for the gross added value and the expansion of regional employment, and the need for new planning, construction, operation, and management models for ports instead of the traditional models applied to simple cargo loading and unloading ports, offering valuable new insights for port managers, policymakers, and academics. However, a future research trajectory with a more geographically diverse sample is suggested to enhance the applicability and generalizability of the results.
Evaluating the Effects and Mechanisms of the Eco–Substrate in Aquaculture Environment Restoration from an Ecosystem Perspective via the Ecopath Model
Authors: Zhang Kai , Jiang Junxian , Li Zhifei , Yu Ermeng , Gong Wangbao , Xia Yun , Tian Jingjing , Li Hongyan , Xie Wenping , Xie Jun , Wang Guangjun
Published: April 2024

Aquaculture supplies high-quality and healthy proteins. With the increasing human demand for aquaculture production, intensive pond aquaculture developed rapidly and results in environmental deterioration. To solve this problem, the eco-substrate (ES), which is the biofilm carrier, has been utilized in aquaculture ponds. Studying the ecological mechanisms of ES from the perspective of the ecosystem may be conducive to the sustainable development of aquaculture. In this study, it was evaluated how ES makes a difference to the trophic structure, energy flow, and system characteristics of two different aquaculture pond ecosystems via the ecopath model. Three aquaculture ponds with ES were designed as the treatment ecosystem and three aquaculture ponds without ES were designed as the control ecosystem. There were 13 and 14 functional groups in the control and treatment ecosystems, respectively. The results showed that (1) the macrozooplankton and microzooplankton showed strong effects on the ecosystem in the keystoneness index; (2) energy transfer pathways in the treatment system with ES increased by 26.23% compared to the control system; (3) the ES improved the utilization rate of detritus, which was 14.91% higher than that of the control ecosystem; (4) the material and energy flow index and network information characteristics demonstrated the ES enhanced the complexity and stability of the treatment system. To improve the energy utilization efficiency, filter feeders can be introduced to ES ponds. Overall, the ES can alter the trophic structure, improve the energy utilization efficiency, and enhance the stability and maturity of aquaculture ecosystems, representing a sustainable practice. Considering the total area of aquaculture ponds on the earth reaching more than 5 million hectares, the application prospect of ES is broad.
Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) Toxicity in Larval Estuarine Organisms
Authors: Chung Katy W. , Key Peter B. , Tanabe Philip , DeLorenzo Marie E.
Published: April 2024

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent contaminant that has been found globally within the environment. Key data gaps exist in the toxicity of PFOS to marine organisms, especially estuarine species that are crucial to the food web: fish, shrimp, and mollusks. This study developed toxicity thresholds for larval estuarine species, including grass shrimp (Palaemon pugio), sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus), mysids (Americamysis bahia), and Eastern mud snails (Tritia obsoleta). Multiple abiotic stressors (salinity and temperature) were included as variables in testing the toxicity of PFOS. Acute 96 h toxicity testing under standard test conditions of 25 °C and 20 ppt seawater yielded LC50 values of 0.919 mg/L for C. variegatus, 1.375 mg/L for A. bahia, 1.559 mg/L for T. obsoleta, and 2.011 mg/L for P. pugio. The effects of increased temperature (32 °C) and decreased salinity (10 ppt) varied with test species. PFOS toxicity for the sheepshead minnows increased with temperature but was not altered by decreased salinity. For grass shrimp and mud snails, PFOS toxicity was greater under lower salinity. The combination of higher temperature and lower salinity was observed to lower the toxicity thresholds for all species. These data demonstrate that expanding toxicity testing to include a wider range of parameters will improve the environmental risk assessment of chemical contaminants, especially for species inhabiting dynamic estuarine ecosystems.
Calidad de vida laboral y competencias digitales en docentes peruanos durante el segundo año de pandemia
Authors: Alejo Nina Corina , Vilca Muñoz Valentina
Published: April 2024

El cambio repentino hacia la enseñanza virtual ha impactado significativamente en la calidad de vida laboral de los docentes. Este estudio investigó la relación entre la calidad de vida laboral y las competencias digitales en docentes peruanos durante el segundo año de la pandemia. Participaron 96 docentes, quienes completaron encuestas diseñadas para este fin. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, correlacional y de corte transversal, revelando una relación directa y significativa entre ambas variables. Además, se exploró el posible papel moderador de la preparación académica en esta relación, aunque no se encontraron evidencias de asociación. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de una gestión académica adecuada para mejorar la calidad de vida laboral de los docentes en un contexto desafiante como el actual.
DIGITAL CAPITAL RAISING: OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND GLOBAL TRENDS
Authors:   Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Kolinets L. , Homotiuk A. ,   Agrosem LLC
Published: April 2024

The article examines the formation and development of the global digital capital raising market, elucidating the historical emergence and evolution of the market. It identifies that the transition from traditional financial intermediation to digital forms was bolstered by rapid technological progress, notably the widespread adoption of the Internet and the proliferation of digital technologies. These advances collectively facilitated the creation of a new ecosystem for capital mobilization. The essence and structure of the digital capital raising market are defined, encompassing crowdfunding, crowd investing, crowd lending, and marketplace lending. Digital capital raising encompasses digital financial services for business clients and private borrowers. The development of the digital capital raising market globally is analyzed, revealing significant growth in recent years. A substantial regional development disparity is observed, with the highest transaction volumes in the USA and the lowest in African countries. There are also notable differences in the average amounts of funding per campaign in digital capital raising, with the highest in America and the lowest in Asian countries. Differences in the regulatory policies of countries regarding digital capital raising are examined. Challenges that need to be overcome for effective digital capital attraction are identified. Regulatory uncertainty remains a significant barrier as policymakers grapple with the need to protect investors while fostering innovation. Volatility and security issues associated with digital assets, such as cryptocurrencies, also pose risks to investors and could hinder their broader application. The article outlines prospective development vectors for the digital capital raising market. The interaction between technological innovations, regulatory adaptation, and market dynamics will determine the growth trajectory in this sector. The global and decentralized nature of digital capital markets requires international cooperation and the harmonization of regulatory standards to mitigate risks and promote a stable and inclusive financial ecosystem. Keywords: digital capital raising, innovation, financial technologies, digitalization, global financial market, online platforms, crowdfunding, blockchain, cybersecurity.
Abordagem terapêutica da Síndrome Hepatorrenal a partir de ensaios clínicos randomizados: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Nery Daniela Luiz , Kudo Kin Alexia da Rocha , Souza Rafaela Florencio de , Gonçalves Neto Geraldo , Gama Marcos Vinícius , Berge Renan Scopel , Santos Johny William dos , Almeida Calebe Perdigão Cota de , Silva Everton Kleyton Oliveira da , Campos Yasmin Mendonça Carvalho , Toledo Lucas dos Reis , Carvalho Andressa Barros Tenório Nunes de , Silva Andrew Pereira da
Published: April 2024

A síndrome hepatorrenal (SHR) é uma condição multiorgânica que afeta o sistema renal e hepático, sendo uma causa de lesão renal aguda que pode ser observada em pacientes com doença hepática aguda ou crônica. O presente estudo de revisão buscou avaliar a eficácia de abordagens terapêuticas na síndrome hepatorrenal (SHR), documentadas por meio de ensaios clínicos randomizados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa realizada por meio da base de dados PubMed, que levou em consideração os seguintes critérios de inclusão: testes controlados e randomizados; artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos (2014-2024); que possuíam texto completo disponível e que abordassem acerca do manejo da síndrome hepatorrenal. Ficou constatado que a terlipressina juntamente com a albumina se mostrou mais eficaz que o tratamento padrão de midodrina e octreotida mais albumina na resolução da função renal em pacientes com síndrome hepatorrenal. Além disso, verificou-se a segurança e eficácia do manejo ao ser adicionada a pentoxifilina ao tratamento padrão de midodrina e octreotida, no manejo da síndrome hepatorrenal tipo 1.
Evidências sobre infrações éticas na área de enfermagem
Authors: Mello Karina Xavier da Silva Correia , Sauthier Marta
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Negligência, imperícia e imprudência são frequentes, interferindo na ética do ensino, da pesquisa e do cuidado de enfermagem. Objetivos: Identificar as infrações éticas e sua interferência na prática de Enfermagem e analisar problemas éticos e as possibilidades de evitá-los na pesquisa, no ensino e na assistência. Método: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura, qualitativa, sistematizada em seis etapas, apresentando síntese das produções. Questão formulada, quais são as infrações éticas emergentes em Enfermagem e as estratégias para dirimi-las, referidas nas publicações de 2013 a 2017? Os descritores em ciências da saúde (DECs) foram ética, enfermagem, negligência, imperícia e imprudência, tendo como critérios de inclusão artigos na íntegra, nas línguas portuguesa, espanhola e inglesa, como padrão ouro, os últimos cinco anos e critérios de exclusão, teses, dissertações, blogs e artigos repetidos. Aplicados os filtros e boleano and, para refinar a busca, leu-se resumos e, dos 30 artigos resultantes, 9 eram repetidos, 3 não abordavam o tema e 1 era incompleto, restando 17 artigos, inseridos em quadro sinóptico para síntese das produções.      Análise do conteúdo levantou duas temáticas: Principais problemas e infrações éticas divulgadas em Enfermagem; Soluções apresentadas nas publicações para dirimir infrações éticas. Resultados: A formação, aspectos políticos e sociais, falta de recursos para a segurança no trabalho, falta de aperfeiçoamento e capacitação profissional, de vontade política para a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem[1] e má conduta em pesquisas interferiram em infrações éticas profissionais na área. Conclusão: Necessita-se projetos de pesquisa, que divulguem e sensibilizem dirigentes das instituições de saúde e profissionais para ações que possam dirimir resultados negativos de infrações éticas, integrando disciplinas e incorporando nas grades curriculares a humanização, valores e princípios da disciplina Enfermagem.
A hiperinflamação pela linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica e o desenvolvimento da Covid-19: uma revisão na literatura
Authors: Branco Maria Eduarda Mintzfels , Marques Andréa Morais , Marques Leonardo Morais , Sousa Rosangela Mesquita dos Santos , Ribeiro Ana Luiza Melo , Silva Renilda Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

O SARS - Cov-2 é um beta coronavírus, cujo potencial mutacional e transmissional o fez protagonizar a pandemia da COVID-19. Apesar de ocasionar predominantemente quadros assintomáticos ou com sintomas leves, surgem exceções em que a doença progride requisitando maiores medidas de intervenção. Nessas circunstâncias, a dificuldade de recuperação provém da incapacidade do sistema imune eliminar as células infectadas, além da sua estimulação desregulada, o que culmina em uma reação inflamatória exacerbada, a linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica. O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever a correlação do agravamento sistêmico da COVID- 19 devido a linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica e  as suas implicações. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa da literatura, a qual é embasada em artigos indexados produzidos entre os anos de 2019 a 2024, nos idiomas de inglês e espanhol, com o booleano AND para o cruzamento de descritores na plataforma Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). A linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica, manifestação clínica da tempestade de citocinas, apresenta-se tanto na forma primária quanto na secundária (adquirida). Está  ligada à proliferação disruptiva dos leucócitos, de forma singular os linfócitos e macrófagos, acarretando a liberação de citocinas e mediadores químicos. Assim, delineia-se uma cascata de ações da defesa do sistema imune que, quando em excesso e desregulada, influenciam favorecendo o agravo do quadro de COVID, desdobrando um panorama de possibilidades de tratamentos imunomoduladores e de entendimentos do funcionamento da resposta inflamatória.
Aspectos gerais da dengue, apresentações clínicas e seus diferentes tipos de manifestações
Authors: Caires Laryssa Thompson Vieira , Cabús Alice Alcântara de Andrade , Buriti Aliny Cristhina da Silva Souza , Paiva Ana Carolina Roseno , Leitão Bruna Dornellas Camara , Tavares Eduarda Cruz , Oliveira Evandro Delmondez , Ribeiro Fernanda Moreira , Loiola Ingrid Fernandes , Sá Isabela Ferraz Jardim de , Barros Isabelle Burity Macêdo , Souto Isadora Tavares , Rabelo Lara de Castro , Lima Maída Kelly Fonseca Tavares de , Amorim Rafaela Tomazini Rodrigues Pereira , Assunção Raphaell Magalhães Lyra de
Published: April 2024

A dengue é conhecida como uma doença não contagiosa e infecciosa, que é transmitida pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti principalmente no Brasil. A transmissão é feita a partir da fêmea do mosquito que se contamina no momento que pica um indivíduo contaminado gerando uma replicação viral intestinal no organismo do inseto. O vírus do tipo flavivírus pode causar inúmeras doenças aos seres humanos e seu vetor, ou seja, o mosquito transmissor, surgiu na África, na região Nordeste. Desde então, a dengue tornou-se uma das doenças mais comuns em todo o mundo representando um problema de saúde pública de grande relevância. A dengue está distribuída nacionalmente em todo o território brasileiro, e seu impacto pode ser variável a depender do sucesso em seus diagnósticos, notificações e sistematizações. Visto que a dengue trata-se de uma doença sistêmica e pode levar a complicações graves ou até mesmo ao óbito, este vírus possui uma alta prevalência com consideráveis números epidemiológicos. Ao analisar a fisiopatogenia a partir de uma resposta imunológica numa infecção aguda, esta pode se manifestar de maneira primária ou secundária, em que na primária, pessoas antes não expostas, os anticorpos se elevam lentamente. E na secundária os anticorpos elevam-se de maneira ágil.
Associação entre e a pandemia de Covid-19 e a incidência de miopia: uma análise acerca do comprometimento infantil
Authors: Fenato Mariana Parra , Balieiro Fernanda Campaneli , Santello Amanda Parra , Rigobello Camila
Published: April 2024

A miopia, um problema mundial de saúde, pode ser originado pela exposição excessiva de telas. Em crianças, os casos de miopia aumentaram devido ao confinamento domiciliar decorrente do COVID-19; as principais alterações observadas foram o desconforto ocular, cefaléia e visão turva, foram os principais, além da dificuldade para dormir. Buscando um completo desenvolvimento visual com menores riscos, o correto é a realização de exame oftálmico infantil, de prevenção e diagnóstico precoce, lentes de proteção a luz e diminuição de utilização de telas no período noturno. Com essa associação de ações, o impacto do COVID-19 na visão infantil pode ser diminuído e tratada adequadamente, visando o não avanço dos fatores de risco de miopia.
Princípios do atendimento ao trauma penetrante em gestantes: avaliando os efeitos na evolução clínica materno - fetal
Authors: Corassa Ana Claudia Pera , Gonçalves Thayná Canovas , Pipolo Luca Santana Rammert , Molinar Felipe Faria , Rodrigues Marina Catharino
Published: April 2024

Objetivos: Identificar o impacto dos princípios do atendimento ao trauma penetrante em gestantes e sua evolução clínica materno-fetal. Metodologia: Empregando a metodologia PRISMA para garantir transparência e consistência na revisão, e a estratégia PICO para formulação da pergunta de pesquisa, conduziu-se uma busca abrangente nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), SciELO e PubMed. Resultados: O atendimento ao trauma penetrante em gestantes é um desafio complexo que requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar e especializada. Em termos de incidência, embora o trauma grave em gestantes seja relativamente raro, sua gravidade e impacto na morbidade materno-fetal são significativos, de modo a afetar 1 em cada 12 gestantes. Estudos indicam que aproximadamente 7% de todas as gestações são afetadas por traumas, com uma taxa de hospitalização de 4 em cada 1000 gestações, especialmente no terceiro trimestre, quando o risco de trauma é mais elevado devido ao tamanho do útero e às alterações fisiológicas. A prevalência de traumas penetrantes em gestantes varia dependendo da região e das circunstâncias, sendo mais comuns em áreas urbanas e associados a acidentes de veículos motorizados, violência doméstica e quedas. Esses eventos têm um impacto significativo na morbidade, com taxas de mortalidade fetal variando de 3,4% a 38% em casos de trauma materno contuso, aumentando para até 61% em traumas mais graves e chegando a 80% em casos com choque materno. Quanto à idade mais acometida, mulheres em idade reprodutiva são mais suscetíveis a traumas penetrantes, especialmente aquelas entre 20 e 40 anos, representando a faixa etária mais comum de gestações afetadas por traumas. A taxa de morbidade em gestantes vítimas de trauma penetrante também é significativa, com complicações como descolamento prematuro de placenta (DPP), hemorragia feto-materna e lesões uterinas representando riscos graves para a mãe e o feto. Essas complicações podem resultar em perda fetal, parto prematuro, restrição de crescimento intrauterino e até mesmo morte materna. Em resumo, o atendimento ao trauma penetrante em gestantes requer uma abordagem cuidadosa e especializada devido à sua baixa incidência, mas alta morbidade e mortalidade associadas. O conhecimento dos princípios de manejo e a aplicação de diretrizes baseadas em evidências são essenciais para garantir os melhores resultados clínicos para mãe e feto nessas situações desafiadoras. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que avanços na pesquisa e práticas clínicas são cruciais para melhorar os desfechos em gestantes vítimas de trauma penetrante, evidenciando a importância de estudos futuros para o desenvolvimento de diretrizes baseadas em evidências.
A importância do exame ultrassonográfico como complementação do BIRADS 0 na mamografia
Authors: Cavalcante Ana Patrícia da Silva Arruda , Santarem Amanda Sanctis , Guimarães Ana Claudia , Antonio Renata Angélica Gonçalves Resende , Castro Thais Abreu de
Published: April 2024

Introdução: O câncer de mama é uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade entre as mulheres em todo o mundo. Diante desse cenário, estratégias eficazes de rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce tornam-se fundamentais. Objetivo: Explorar de maneira mais aprofundada a importância do exame ultrassonográfico como complementação do BIRADS 0 na mamografia. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Adotou-se como pergunta norteadora: "Como o exame ultrassonográfico se destaca como uma ferramenta crucial na complementação do BIRADS 0 na mamografia?" Para construção da pesquisa, a coleta e análise de dados foi realizada através do Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e das bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via PubMed e Periódico Capes através dos seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Mamografia, “Neoplasias da Mama” e “Ultrassonografia Mamária” combinados entre si pelo operador booleano AND com seus respectivos correspondentes no Mesh Terms. Resultados e Discussão: Após o cumprimento dos procedimentos metodológicos, 13 artigos disponíveis no Portal da BVS, na base de dados PubMed e no Periódicos Capes foram selecionados, os quais retratam que a detecção precoce do câncer de mama desempenha um papel crucial na redução da mortalidade e no sucesso do tratamento. No entanto, quando a mamografia apresenta resultados inconclusivos, categorizados como BIRADS 0, é necessário recorrer a métodos complementares. Considerações Finais: A integração do exame ultrassonográfico como complemento ao BIRADS 0 na mamografia representa um avanço significativo no diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama.
Atualizações e abordagens clínicas da neuropatia diabética dolorosa no âmbito atual
Authors: Costa Kalliny vitória de Assis , Pinheiro Fernanda Evelyn Rocha , Barradas Junior Ricardo da Silva , Costa Maria Vitória de Assis , Trabulsi Rhamid Kalil , Costa Kalliny vitória de Assis , Prezzotto Eveline Cozac , Cicarelli Ana Luiza Salinas , Moisés Marilia Figueiredo , Oka Salomão Cury-Rad , Barbosa Paolla Sousa , Vasconcelos Marilia Mendes , Brígido Maria Cecília Silva , Ferreira Larissa Mendes Rodrigues , Farias Laysa Mendes , Evangelista Mateus Salomão Ferro Gomes , Rodrigues Bruna de Alencar Nepomuceno , Vasconcelos Maria Eduarda Mendes , Soares Neto Cláudio Nunes , Sousa Marina Felinto Borges de , Mendes Eloha Clara
Published: April 2024

A Neuropatia Diabética (ND) representa um grupo heterogêneo de manifestações clínicas ou subclínicas mais prevalentes em que há o comprometimento do Sistema Nervoso Periférico (SNP), sendo uma das formas de complicações. Sendo assim, estima-se que pelo menos metade dos pacientes com Diabetes irá desenvolver a neuropatia em alguma fase da evolução clínica da doença. Dessa forma, este estudo configura-se como uma revisão integrativa realizada por meio do levantamento bibliográfico nos diretórios: Google Scholare Scientific Eletronic LibraryOn-line (SciELO), com uso dos descritores DeCs (Descritores em Saúde) e o Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), nos idiomas português e inglês, com os seguintes termos:  Diabetes”(diabetes), “neuropatia” (neuropathy), “tratamento” (treatment). Desta busca, foram encontrados 150 artigos, posteriormente submetidos aos critérios de seleção. A seleção resultou em 8 artigos que foram submetidos à análise seletiva, exploratória e interpretativa no contexto do presente estudo. A partir da revisão bibliográfica dos estudos analisados, conclui-se que, de fato, a neuropatia diabética é complexa e precisa ser estudada constantemente.
Incidência de transtornos alimentares em estudantes do ensino superior: revisão integrativa
Authors: Cintra Gabriela Rotella de Ulhoa , Moraes Jennifer Toledo Carvalho de , Cassoni Cynthia
Published: April 2024

Os transtornos alimentares são caracterizados como desordens persistentes nos comportamentos relacionados à alimentação que, consequentemente, resultam em uma ingestão e absorção inapropriada de alimentos. A Associação Americana de Psiquiatria classifica a existência de oito tipos distintos de transtornos alimentares. No que se refere a idade de início para as primeiras manifestações de transtornos alimentares, a adolescência e o início da vida adulta se configuram como períodos críticos para a ocorrência dos sintomas. Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo investigar o que tem sido pesquisado sobre Transtorno Alimentar em estudantes universitários da área da saúde. Para tanto, optou-se por uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Utilizando-se a plataforma Periódicos Capes, no campo assunto, a partir dos descritores “transtornos alimentares”, “estudantes universitários” e “área da saúde”, foram encontrados 44 resultados, aplicando-se os critérios de inclusão: artigos em língua portuguesa, texto completo, acesso aberto, publicação nos últimos cinco anos e exclusão dos trabalhos repetidos totalizou-se 7 artigos para serem analisados. Dentre os principais resultados destaca-se o consenso da literatura apontando como grupo de risco para o desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares, estudantes da área da saúde.  Esse fato pode ser explicado devido às mudanças de rotina, acúmulo de responsabilidades, omissão de refeições, o alto consumo de comidas industrializadas, elevado consumo de bebidas alcoólicas representam hábitos alimentares comuns e prejudiciais. Os trabalhos apontam ainda a importância do desenvolvimento de intervenções com esses estudantes para prevenção dos transtornos alimentares, principalmente em universidades que formam profissionais da área da saúde.