bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment and Prediction of Hydrometeorological Drought in Corong River Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Affandy* Nur Azizah , Iranata Data , Anwar Nadjadji , Maulana Mahendra Andiek , Prastyo Dedy Dwi , Yusop Zulkifli , Wardoyo Wasis
Published: February 2024

Hydrological drought analysis in a river basin is crucial because it impacts water resource management, agriculture, drinking water supply, industry, ecology, and disaster risk mitigation. It plays a key role in water usage planning, safeguarding agricultural yields, and ensuring a stable drinking water supply. In the context of this research, the Corong River basin is used as a case study. This study aims to determine the level of hydrological drought (deficit) using the Threshold Level Method (TLM) and predict hydrological drought using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. This model understands the characteristics of drought and predicts drought in the Corong River basin for early mitigation and anticipation of drought in the region. The results of this research indicate a strong relationship between the Hydrological Drought Index (HDI) and streamflow and Precipitation (PRCP), which can be used to forecast future droughts. This model is highly robust and accurate in observing the level of hydrological drought (deficit, duration, and sharpness) and predicting drought events in the Corong River basin. These findings have significant practical implications for water management and disaster risk mitigation in this river basin while also advancing the scientific understanding of hydrological drought.
Potential Use of Natural Zeolite and Green Shells in Biodiesel Production
Authors: Siswanto* Anggun Puspitarini , Damayani Intan Ardina
Published: February 2024

As energy needs continue to rise in line with the use of fossil energy, which is difficult to renew, other alternative energy is needed to continue to meet current and future energy needs. One alternative energy that is easy to produce is biodiesel. One of the raw materials that is quite widely used and developed in making biodiesel is waste cooking oil. According to statistical data, Indonesia can produce waste cooking oil of 5.06 tons per year. Waste cooking oil contains free fatty acids that can be processed into biodiesel using the help of heterogeneous catalysts. One source of heterogeneous catalysts that can be used is CaO, which can be found in green shells, where the CaO contained can be taken through the calcination process of green shells. To maximize the waste cooking oil processing process, an adsorption pretreatment process can be carried out. The adsorption process is carried out to reduce the FFA levels and acid numbers contained in waste cooking oil so that the transesterification reaction process can run optimally. Natural zeolite can be used as a good adsorbent to purify and lower the acid number of waste cooking oil. This study aims to find the best operating conditions in producing biodiesel made from waste cooking oil with a pretreatment adsorption process using natural zeolite and green shell catalyst through the factorial design method, where from the results of the research carried out, it was found that the density and viscosity met the SNI, the biodiesel yield produced was 45-65% and the cetane number test on samples 3 and 7 was 34,7 and 34,2 which did not meet the SNI. The operating temperature and amount of catalyst used in the biodiesel manufacturing process produce biodiesel with good density, viscosity, and yield, namely at a temperature of 60°C and a catalyst content of 6 grams. The operating temperature of 65°C produces a smaller density because the boiling point of alcohol is 64.7°C, so the reaction process is not perfect.
Inorganic Solid Catalyst Derived From Fishbone Waste (Katsuwonus pelamis) for Transesterification of Palm Oil to Biodiesel
Authors: Maisarah Siti , Ramli* Muliadi , Maisarah Minnati Rana , Satrina Dini , Lubis Surya , Mitaphonna Rara , Novita Desi
Published: February 2024

This research has utilized fish bone wastes of tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) collected at the Lampulo fish market in Banda Aceh. Inorganic oxides have been derived from those fish bone wastes through the decomposition method at high temperatures, namely the calcination process in air atmosphere at 900ᴼC for 4 hours. The physicochemical properties of obtained inorganic oxides were characterized using XRD and SEM-EDS techniques. The characterization results indicated that the composition of the calcined fish bone contained hydroxyapatite, CaCO3, and CaO, in which the hydroxyapatite phase has been the major component. Furthermore, the calcination process positively impacts improving the physical morphology and crystalline phase of inorganic oxides. Finally, those obtained inorganic catalysts based on fish bone waste have been applied for transesterifying Coconut oil with methanol, resulting in three main compounds: trimethyl borate, methyl laurate, and methyl octanoate.
Optimization of Injection Moulding Parameters of Processing Footstep Cover from Ironwood Powder-Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene Composite
Authors: Rifai Muhammad Fajar , Widiastuti* Indah , Saputra Taufik Wisnu
Published: February 2024

Agra-forestry waste and recycled polypropylene have been combined to create sustainable composite materials for use in automotive applications in response to increased environmental concern over the depletion of petroleum-based resources. In this study, an injection molded motorcycle footstep cover was manufactured from recycled polypropylene (r-PP) composite reinforced with ironwood powder. It aims to optimize the manufacturing process parameters of barrel temperature, mould temperature, and holding time in minimizing shrinkage and maximizing product weight. This current research employed the Taguchi L4 orthogonal array experimental design followed by the multi-objective grey relation analysis (GRA). In this study, the composite material consisted of 30% ironwood powder, 65% r-PP, and 5% coupling agent. The specimens were processed using injection molding with two different levels for each parameter of barrel temperature, moulding temperature, and holding time. The injection moulded products were then tested for shrinkage and product weight. The results showed that moulding temperature was the most influential parameter in getting a minimum shrinkage percentage, contributing 60.89%. Meanwhile, holding time contributes the most to achieving a maximum product weight (90.65%). After conducting a grey relation analysis and a confirmation test, the optimal parameters for shrinkage minimization and product weight maximization of motorcycle footstep cover are 210℃ of barrel temperature, 45℃ of moulding temperature, and 5 seconds of holding time. This research highlights the prospective applications of recycled polypropylene composite reinforced with ironwood powder for application as automotive parts.
‘There’s a huge hole left in the middle of the family’: locating family practices within the context of (sibling) bereavement
Authors: Towers Laura
Published: February 2024

Family life is permanently and irrevocably changed by death, requiring those bereaved to adopt new ways of ‘doing’ family. Drawing on data from a qualitative study of sibling bereavement experiences, this article demonstrates that death can retain a powerful presence for the living, shaping the way that family members relate to one another. It is argued that bereavement can influence the establishment, and enactment, of family practices, thus highlighting that family practices can be subtly couched in the context of bereavement. This article expands Morgan’s concept of family practices in a direction that has yet to be explored. It will conclude that sociologists can learn more about the dynamic intricacies of family life by recognising the potential influence of death and bereavement on the way that relationships are navigated and negotiated over time.
Editorial
Authors: Dudakova Ekaterina
Published: February 2024

Editorial for Slovo's Autumn 2023 issue.
Interview with Thomas F. Broden on Greimas’ semiotics
Authors: Dos Santos Valdenildo , Broden Thomas F.
Published: February 2024

This interview is the result of a research with twelve “disciples” of Greimas about the possible “black boxes” in his semiotics and seeks to answer the following questions: Did “the black boxes” exist? If they did, what were they? What do Greimas followers have to say? Initiated in 2014, the research project ““Black boxes” and the importance of French semiotics in the analysis of verbal, non-verbal and syncretic discourse lasted seven years and approached the survey through readings of articles and books, the contributions of semioticians such as José Luiz Fiorin, Luís Hébert, Silvio de Santana Jr, Nícia Ribas D'Ávila, Ignácio de Assis Silva, Edward Lopes, Arnaldo Cortina, Edna Fernandes, Ronald Schleifer and Louis Hébert, among others, with interviews regarding the development of Greimas' semiotic theory. Here we interview one of those responsibles for spreading Greimas' semiotics in the United States, the semiotician Thomas F. Broden.
Antimicrobial and enzymatic properties of Bacillus subtilis 3H and Bacillus subtilis 1719 probiotic strain metabolites
Authors: Lazarev S , Mikhailova N
Published: February 2024

Bacillus subtilis produce a wide range of bioactive compounds rendered promising for the creation of a new generation of probiotic preparations known as metabiotics. Aim of the work was to study the antimicrobial and enzymatic properties of metabolites obtained by deep cultivation of B. subtilis 3H and B. subtilis 1719 strains. Antimicrobial activity against test strains of opportunistic microorganisms was studied using the agar diffusion method. Proteolytic and amylolytic properties were evaluated by the ability to hydrolyze casein and starch. Protein composition of the metabolites was analyzed via polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis according to the Laemmli method. It was found that the studied metabolites' antimicrobial activity is concentrated in the fraction with a molecular weight of <5 kDa and has strain-specific features. B. subtilis 3H metabolites are most active against S. aureus FDA 209P (26±2.1 mm) and C. albicans 927 (21.7±1.7 mm). B. subtilis 1719 metabolites are most active against P. mirabilis 24a (20.7±1.7 mm) and E. coli ATCC 25922 (14±1.1 mm) test strains. Enzymatic activity was manifested in the fraction with a molecular weight >30 kDa. B. subtilis 1719 metabolites had a higher activity, as evidenced by hydrolysis zones on milk (31.7±0.9 mm) and potato (27±0.6 mm) agars. The revealed properties of metabolites open the prospect for further research in order to develop new probiotic preparations.
A case of West Nile fever in the Kursk region of Russia
Authors: Yudina  , Kiseleva  , Rusanova  , Ivanova
Published: February 2024

Aim: to analyze the features of the clinical course of a case of West Nile fever (WNF) first detected in the Kursk region. Materials and methods. The article presents the first case of WNF detected in the Kursk region, confirmed by detection of pathogen RNA in the PCR test. Results. Patient Ch., 68 years old, was hospitalized to the intensive care unit of the Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital with severe intoxication, fever up to 39°C, positive meningeal symptoms of Kernig, Brudzinsky, severe neck stiffness. Upon admission, the analysis of peripheral blood showed leukocytosis up to 13.6×109, lymphopenia up to 5%, ESR acceleration up to 20 mm/h. Biochemical analysis revealed a significant increase in CRP, an increase in transaminase activity. In the cerebrospinal fluid, cytosis was noted up to 71 cells per mm3, an increase in protein up to 872 mg/l, the number of neutrophils up to 60%, lymphocytes - up to 40%, and the loss of a delicate plaque. The results of the study revealed high titers of Ig M and Ig G to the antigens of the virus, as well as the detection of WNF virus RNA in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. Taking into account the data of the epidemiological anamnesis, clinical symptoms, positive results of ELISA and PCR of blood and cerebrospinal fluid for the causative agent of WNF, the diagnosis was made: West Nile fever with CNS damage, meningeal form (serous meningitis), severe course. Dyscirculatory encephalopathy of complex (dyscirculatory, dysmetabolic) genesis with scattered microsymptomatics. Conclusion. The described clinical case indicates that the WNF causative agent circulates in the Kursk region, which justifies the need for blood and cerebrospinal fluid testing in all patients with hyperthermia of unknown origin, combined with neurological symptoms for the WNF virus.
Immunological indicators of risk of purulent and septic complications after caesarean section
Authors: Bogacheva N , Starikova D
Published: February 2024

The present review presents possible changes in immunological parameters that arise under the influence of surgery as a whole and individual special cases of immunological disorders after cesarean section surgery in various pathological conditions. The role of Th1- and Th2 lymphocytes acting as markers of purulent and septic complications for various infectious agents is considered; Th17- and Treg lymphocytes regulating inflammatory activity; mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT - mucosal associated invariant T) and NKT cells (Natural Killer T) capable of assuming Th17 function in the absence of adaptive immunity activity in sepsis patients. Based on the results of scientific papers, possible immunological indicators of the risk of developing purulent and septic complications after cesarean section are justified, which can be used to develop a program of personalized immune therapy.
A monetary business-cycle model with an augmented cash-inadvance constraint, investment tax credit and a government sector: the case of Bulgaria (1999-2022)
Authors: Vasilev Aleksandar
Published: February 2024

We modify an otherwise standard business cycle model with a richer government sector, and add an augmented cash-in-advance (CIA) considerations. In particular, the cash in advance constraint of Cole (2020) is extended to include private investment and government consumption, and allows a proportion of total expenditure to be done using credit. Additionally, we allow for the presence of an investment subsidy (“investment tax credit”). This specification is then calibrated to Bulgarian data after the introduction of the currency board (1999-2022), gives a role to money in accentuating economic fluctuations. In particular, the modified CIA constraint pro- duces a mechanism that allows the framework to reproduce better observed variability and correlations among model variables, and those characterizing the labor market in particular.
A Real-Business-Cycle model with energy use: Lessons for Bulgaria (1999-2018)
Authors: Vasilev Aleksandar
Published: February 2024

We introduce energy as a productive input into a real-business-cycle model with government sector. We calibrate the model to Bulgarian data for the period following the introduction of the currency board arrangement (1999-2018). We investigate the quantitative importance of the presence of energy, and the potential relevance of energy price shocks as driving forces behind the observed business cycle fluctuations in Bulgaria. In particular, a positive shock to energy prices in the model works like a negative technological shock. Allowing for the presence of energy as a factor of production does not substantially improves the model performance against data, and is thus an unlikely driver of business cycle fluctuations in Bulgaria.
Probabilistic puzzle: toward a solution of Goldbach’s conjecture?
Authors: D’Amico Rosario
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to provide a set of considerations that allow us to see a possible solution to the problematic issue of Goldbach’s “strong” conjecture, which amounts to asserting that any even natural number greater than 2 can be written as the sum of two prime numbers that are not necessarily distinct. This is by adopting a probabilistic method by far easier attempts than the classical ones already present in literature.
Competition of Memories? The Memory of the Łódź/Litzmannstadt Ghetto in Contemporary Museums in Łódź
Authors: Taczyńska Katarzyna
Published: February 2024

There is no individual museum dedicated to the Łódź Ghetto in which 200,000 Jews were confined. However, there are institutions actively working to preserve the memory of the Jewish community in Łódź. This article focuses on two recently established museums in the city: the Radegast Station, founded in 2009, and the Museum of Polish Children, established in 2021. The aim is to analyze the mechanisms that led to the creation of these historical museums and explore their specific functions. I am interested not only in how these institutions shape and present the Jewish heritage, but also in the conceptualisation of the social role of these institutions and the analysis of their presence in the public space. To achieve this, I examine local micro-interactions within the current framework of Poland’s politics of history. Given that nationalism is the predominant ideology of modernity, my text demonstrates how nationalist discourses impact the commemoration of the Łódź/Litzmannstadt Ghetto and influence the remembrance of Second World War.
The effect of GnRH analog treatment on BMI in children treated for precocious puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxiao , Qin Jiajia , Xue Weirong , Li Shengli , Zhao Meng , Yingliang Jin
Published: February 2024

Introduction

The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate the effect of GnRHa treatment on the BMI of children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before, and to analyze the effect of GnRHa treatment on the body composition of children with precocious puberty at different BMIs by classifying into normal body mass, overweight, and obese groups according to BMI at the time of initial diagnosis.

Content

A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database), and Wan fang database for relevant literature on standard deviation score of body mass index (BMI-SDS) after GnRHa treatment as compared to before in children with precocious puberty.

A total of eight studies were included with a total sample size of 715 cases, and the results of meta-analysis showed that BMI-SDS increased in children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before starting [(weighted mean difference (WMD)=0.23, 95 % CI: 0.14–0.33, p=0.000)] and also increased in children with normal body mass [(WMD=0.37, 95 % CI: 0.28–0.46, p=0.000)], and there was no significant change in BMI-SDS in children in the overweight or obese group [(WMD=0.01, 95 % CI: −0.08–0.10, p=0.775)].

Outlook

Overall, there was an observed increase in BMI-SDS at the conclusion of GnRHa treatment in children with precocious puberty. Additionally, it was found that the effect of GnRHa treatment on body composition varied among children with different BMI status. Clinicians should emphasize the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and personalized dietary management for children.
The Cossacks of Southern Russia in 21st-Century Memory Politics
Authors: Miller Alexey , Kamentsev Alexander
Published: February 2024

In modern Russia, the memory of the Cossacks is perpetuated in monuments and museum exhibitions; their culture and history are described in school textbooks, including specialized ones; some regions open special Cossack classes; and hundreds of social media groups discuss the history of the Cossacks. Central and regional authorities as well as Cossack organizations, both official and unofficial, take an active part in the politics of remembering the Cossacks. However, there are practically no specialized studies exploring memory politics regarding the Cossacks. Nevertheless, this topic deserves attention and careful analysis not only because a variety of intensive processes are taking place in this area, but also because this case has a number of specific features and allows one to take a fresh look at some dichotomies widely used in memory studies such as victim and heroic narratives, official and unofficial memory, and local and national memory politics.
Controllability of psi-Hilfer fractional differential equations with infinite delay via measure of noncompactness
Authors: Haque Inzamamul , Ali Javid , Nieto Juan J.
Published: February 2024

In this article, we study the controllability of ψ-Hilfer fractional differential equations with infinite delay. Sufficient conditions for controllability results are obtained by using the notion of the measure of noncompactness and the Mönch fixed point theorem. The novel feature of this study is to inquire into the controllability notion by using ψ-Hilfer fractional derivative, the generalized variant of the Hilfer derivative. Finally, we provide a numerical example to illustrate our main result.
Features of hemodynamics in the mother-placenta-fetus system in women who had complications from the group of major obstetric syndromes, clinically manifested by placental insufficiency
Authors:   SHEI Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine, Lemish N.Y.
Published: February 2024

Purpose - to study the features of hemodynamics in the mother-placenta-fetus system during pregnancy in women who had complications from the group of major obstetric syndromes (MOS), clinically manifested by placental insufficiency. Materials and methods. A prospective analysis of ultrasound examination of blood circulation in the mother-placenta-fetus system during pregnancy in 99 pregnant women with complications from the group of MOS - placental insufficiency - was performed. These women constituted the Main group (MG). The Control group (CG) included 50 practically healthy pregnant women with a good reproductive history and an uncomplicated pregnancy. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using standard Microsoft Excel 5.0 and Statistica 6.0 programs. Results. The study revealed an increase in all vascular resistance indices. An increase in the vascular resistance index is associated with an increase in peripheral vascular resistance and a decrease in diastolic blood flow, which, in turn, is due to a decrease in vascularisation of the terminal villi as a morphological and functional manifestation of placental insufficiency after 35 weeks of pregnancy: the resistance index in the umbilical cord artery was 0.71±0.02 in the MG versus 0.48±0.07 in the CG (p>0.05).In the study, the indices of vascular resistance in the fetal aorta increased: the resistance index was 0.74±0.05 in the MG vs. 0.44±0.55 in the CG (p<0.05) and at 22-27 weeks of pregnancy 0.98±0.06 in the MG vs. 0.50±0.40 in the CG (p<0.05). It was found that 69 (69.7%) pregnant women in the MG had hemodynamic disorders: 39 (39.4%) patients had uteroplacental circulation disorders with preserved fetal-placental circulation; 23 (23.2%) pregnant women had fetal-placental circulation disorders with preserved uteroplacental circulation; 7 (7.1%) pregnant women had simultaneous uteroplacental and fetal-placental circulation disorders. Conclusions. Dynamic ultrasound monitoring of the functional state of the fetoplacental complex in women with MOS revealed that from the early stages of gestation, there is a violation of placentogenesis, which is accompanied by functional failure of the fetoplacental complex and leads to early exhaustion of the compensatory capabilities of the fetoplacental system. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the paper. Women's informed consent was obtained for the study. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Analysis of the use of regional techniques for analgesia during childbirth
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Sulimenko Ye.M. ,   Leleka Multidisciplinary Medical Centre, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Purpose - to analyze and compare regional analgesia methods: dural puncture epidural (DPE), combined spinal-epidural (CSE) and epidural analgesia (EA), assessing the quality and effectiveness of analgesia, the effect of the methods on hemodynamics, the effect on the fetus, the frequency of occurrence complications. Materials and methods. 120 women in labor who underwent analgesia during childbirth were examined. The women were divided into three groups (40 people in each): 1 - DPE, 2 - CSE, 3 - EA. An analysis of the effectiveness and quality of analgesia, the effect on the woman’s systemic and central hemodynamics, and the effect on the fetus was performed by evaluating the cardiotocogram (CTG). Assessment of the condition of the newborn was carried out according to the Apgar scale, determination of lactate and pH of umbilical cord blood. An analysis of complications from the mother and child was performed. Results. There was a significant difference in the time of reaching pain with a visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score <1 between the groups DPE (11.4±3.3 min), CSE (4.4±2.1 min), EA (21.5±7.2 min) (p<0.01). In the EA group, the frequency of insufficient analgesia (17.5%) and unilateral blockade up to 30 min (25.0%) was significantly higher than in the DPE (0%) and CSE (0%) groups (p<0.01). Hypotension was in the CSE group at the level of 20%, which is 12.5% (p<0.05) more often than in the EA and DPE groups. A significant decrease in cardiac output was found in the CSE group by 9.6% (p<0.01) and 15.4% (p<0.01) compared to EA and DPE. The need to determine lactate from the anterior head to verify the condition of the fetus in the CSE group (12.5% of cases, which is 10% higher compared to the EA and DPE groups; p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the condition of children after birth. Itching and nausea are more common in the CSE group. Post dural puncture headache was not detected in any group. Conclusions. The data analysis showed that the DPE technique showed a high efficiency of labor analgesia with a low incidence of unilateral block. CSE is associated with a higher incidence of hypotension and pathological changes in fetal heart rate on CTG compared to DPE and EA methods. The use of the DPE method does not increase the frequency of complications for the mother and child. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics and features of hysteroscopic intervention in cases of infertility and intrauterine pathology
Authors:   Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Yarmola I.M.
Published: February 2024

This article examines the features of microbiocenosis of the vagina and endometrium in women with infertility and intrauterine pathology. Purpose - to study the peculiarities of the spectrum of microorganisms of the vagina and endometrium in women with infertility and intrauterine pathology in order to increase the effectiveness and prevention of complications of hysteroscopic interventions in such women. Materials and methods. An examination and dynamic observation of women was carried out for 6 months. The results of clinical-morphological, ultrasound, immunohistochemical and bacteriological monitoring are included. All patients underwent diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy followed by bacteriological, morphological and immunohistochemical examination. Results. The study of quantitative indicators and species composition of the microbial flora of the uterine endothelium in women with infertility and intrauterine pathology showed a much wider spectrum of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. Among the detected microorganisms are Esherichia coli (4%), Staphylococcus aureus (6%), Streptococcus B (2%), Lactobacillus spp. (2%). In a much larger number of women, pathogens of sexually transmitted infections were noted - Chlamydia trachomatis (12%), Mycoplasma hominis (14%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (10%). Obviously, one of the causes of the inflammatory process in the endometrium of the uterus is the imbalance of the microbiocenosis. Bacteriological research data showed a significant proportion of deviations in the vaginal biocenosis in the presence of intrauterine pathology, which is manifested by a significant decrease in the frequency of excretion of the main acid-forming lactobacilli compared to healthy patients. Thus, lactobacilli (21 strains) were detected in only 23 (46%) patients of the study group at a concentration of 6.2±1.1 lg CFU/ml, while in the control group - in 17 (85%) women at an average concentration of 6.8±1.2 lg CFU/ml. Conclusions. The obtained research results make it possible to determine the scientific position regarding the important role of an infectious factor in the development of intrauterine pathology, and the normalization of the microbiota of the genital tract is not only an important component of the treatment of hyperplastic processes, but also contributes to the prevention of possible relapses, the treatment of morphofunctional disorders in the endometrium of women with infertility. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the women was obtained for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Discrepancies between preoperative diagnosis of tumors and the right uterine appendage and intraoperative data. Appendiculare mucocele, which manifests itself in the form of an appendage formation. Clinical case
Authors:   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Sklyarovа V.О. ,   Lviv Regional Hospital of War Veterans and Repressed named after Y. Lypa, Ukraine, Chajkivskyj R.A. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Prykupenko O.V. ,   Lviv Regional Hospital of War Veterans and Repressed named after Y. Lypa, Ukraine, Sklyarov P.O. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Chajkivska V.R. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Tumor formations of the tubes, hydrosalpinxes, pyosalpixes have a number of discrepancies in outpatient service examinations and intraoperative clinical diagnosis. Purpose - to report a unique case with discrepancies between the preoperative diagnosis (pyosalpinx, hydrosalpinx) and the intraoperative and postoperative definitive findings (appendicular tumor, mucocele). Clinical case. A 50-year-old woman, a 3-year-old Mirena IUD wearer, applied for examination for pain in the right iliac region and a slight rise in temperature to 37-37.5 over the past 10 days. The examination showed the movement of the tumor on the right up to 7-4 cm, sensitive on palpation, uterine fibroids, and appendices on the left without features. Other history, physical examination, and laboratory tests were not remarkable, and there was no leukocytosis as in inflammatory processes. Ultrasound and MRI showed neoplasms of the right appendages of 7-5-4 cm, avascular and uterine fibroids - 3 subserosal nodes of 10-5 mm each. Intraoperatively Intact 2 fallopian tubes were detected, a tumor formation of the appendix 3-2-3 cm without adhesions was isolated. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed along with conservative myomectomy and bilateral salpingectomy. Histopathology showed mucocele without atypia, myomas nodules, and fallopian tubes without features. Conclusions. In the formation of the right appendages of the uterus, a thorough preoperative diagnosis is required, which does not always give a definitive answer to the clinical diagnosis. Diagnostic laparoscopy, visual and operational clinical experience of the surgeon, cytological and histological examination of intra- and postoperative results make it possible to carry out adequate surgical treatment. Patients should be informed about doubts between outpatient and intraoperative diagnosis, possible changes in the intraoperative surgical plan. Prompt care should be provided in institutions with appropriate teams and equipment. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Psychoemotional disorders in pregnant women and women in childbirth. Analytical review and practical aspects of the problem in Ukraine
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ischenko G.I.
Published: February 2024

Psychoemotional disorders during pregnancy significantly affect the health of the mother and fetus. Purpose - to provide an analytical review of available sources on the impact of psycho-emotional stress disorders in pregnant women on the health of the mother and fetus to improve the provision of medical care to this population category. Among the negative consequences, the consequences in the mental and medical spheres should be divided. In the medical field, gestational complications are noted, for example, premature birth, obstetric complications, the most common of which are preeclampsia, eclampsia, anemia, gestational diabetes, placenta previa, vaginal bleeding, and consequences for the fetus, most often low weight and developmental delay in cardiovascular, nervous system, organs of vision. Among the psycho-emotional effects on the mental sphere, groups are divided: exacerbation of an existing disease, the appearance of new disorders, most often post-traumatic stress disorder, and negative consequences due to changes in behavior, for example, child care and the use of psychoactive substances. It has been proven that negative perinatal consequences occur precisely in the presence of stress disorders, and are less pronounced, for example, in depression. During the war in Ukraine, Ukrainians were exposed to excessive stress. This is especially noticeable among vulnerable sections of the population, such as pregnant women. This category of persons is in the field of action of obstetrician medical workers, who often lack time to properly assess mental disorders and refer patients to psychiatric specialists. Another problem is stigma - a prejudiced attitude towards specialists in the field of health care. Currently, there is quite limited data on psychoemotional disorders in pregnant women and women in labor. This literature review provides data from world literature and describes the peculiarities of the organization of assistance in the field of health care in Ukraine during the war. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Modern approaches to vaccination in children with different types of primary and secondary immunodeficiencies (literature review)
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Lesovskaya A.N.
Published: February 2024

Chronic disease and immunosuppression increase the risk of vaccine-preventable infections, complications, and mortality from infectious diseases. Safe vaccination and achieving an adequate serological response to vaccination are crucial aspects of the management of such patients. Purpose - to analyze data from domestic and foreign medical literature regarding modern approaches to vaccination of children with various primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases. The majority of children with primary immunodeficiency who have preserved antibody production can demonstrate an immune response to vaccination, but this response can be rapidly lost over time. Limitations to vaccinating children with primary immunodeficiency are related to the use of live vaccines in conditions where the cellular immune system is compromised. Patients with primary antibody deficiency are treated with immunoglobulin preparations and depend on the presence of specific antibodies at a protective level against infectious pathogens, including vaccine-preventable infections. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in reducing the number and severity of infections in patients with humoral deficiency. The majority of children with rheumatic diseases vaccinated according to the Schedule of Routine Immunisations before starting immunosuppressive therapy have protective antibody levels against vaccine-preventable infections. All non-live vaccines can be administered without restrictions, but should be administered two weeks before immunosuppressive therapy to increase immunogenicity. Children receiving high doses of immunosuppressive therapy should avoid receiving live attenuated vaccines. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Erythema infectiosum and Raynaud’s phenomenon in a child after a coronavirus disease: description of a clinical case
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Lembryk I.S. , Dutchak H.M. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Zhyliak O.V. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Tsytsiura O.O. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Kostyrko N.I. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Purpose - to analyze practice cases with an atypical course associated with comorbid pathology; to acquaint pediatricians and family physicians with the diagnostic search algorithm. The article summarizes literature data, and describes a clinical case of erythema infectiousum in combination with Raynaud's phenomenon, which occurred in a 9-year-old child І. with coronavirus disease in anamnesis. It was established that the nature of the pathological changes: periodic hyperemia of the cheeks and auricles, “slapped cheeks”, and, at the same time, palleness of the nasolabial triangle, a pronounced change in color, marbling of the skin on the limbs and on the buttocks, with a lacy pattern of vessels, which are provoked by exposure to cold air or psycho-emotional excitement, clearly indicate both the manifestations of parvovirus infection, and the Raynaud's phenomenon mentioned above. On the other hand, post-covid syndrome is also often accompanied by non-specific changes in the skin and its derivatives (up to 20.4% of cases) in the form of urticaria, erythema, and frostbite. In the same group of patients, there are maculopapular rashes and livedo reticularis, those could be Conclusions. During the pandemic of coronavirus infection, the issues of comorbid pathological conditions in pediatrics, which have a blurred clinical picture, an atypical course, common links of pathogenesis, in particular microcirculation disorders, and require an interdisciplinary approach to the management of these diseases, rehabilitation measures, are becoming more and more relevant. interpreted both as a manifestation of systemic vasculitis, and as independent disease. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with infectious erythema caused by parvovirus B19 in combination with Raynaud's phenomenon, probably caused by a history of coronavirus disease. The multicomponent nature of the patient's symptoms is highlighted, and the diagnostic search algorithm is shown. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. An informed parental consent was obtained for the study in children. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Thyroid function in pregnant women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies
Authors:   SHEI Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine, Tsmur O.V. , Getsko N.V. ,   SHEI Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Purpose - to study the function of the thyroid gland (TG) in pregnant women with antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AB-TPO) during pregnancy. Materials and methods. The clinical group included 158 patients. The Group I - 69 pregnant women with a level of AB-TPO<350 IU/ml, the Group II - 59 pregnant women with a level of AB-TPO>350 IU/ml, the Control group - 30 conditionally healthy women without an elevated level of AB-TPO and with a physiological course of pregnancy. To determine the volume of TG the J. Brunn formula was used during ultrasound examination. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using standard Microsoft Excel 5.0 and Statistica 6.0 programs. Results. It was established that the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the I trimester has a physiologically low value - 1.2 (0.9; 1.4) mIU/l; during pregnancy its level increased to 1.6 (1.3; 1.8) mIU/l; p<0.001. The median indicator of free thyroxine (FT4) at 7-8 weeks was at the level of 18.2 (16.2; 20.7) pmol/l; by the II trimester, it increased by 12.00% from the baseline, was 20.1 (16.2; 22.8) pmol/l; p<0.001; by the end of pregnancy - 19.6 (17.6; 20.1) pmol/l; p=0.17. The median indicator of free triiodothyronine (FT3) in the II trimester was higher by 13.6% than in the early stages of pregnancy, p=0.01. It was established that 27.5% of patients of the Group I and 30.5% of pregnant women of the Group II had laboratory signs of subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH>3.5 mIU/l) before the III trimester; p<0.05. A decrease in the production of FT3 and FT4 reflects the exhaustion of the compensatory capabilities of TG in pregnant women carriers of AB-TPO at a concentration above 350 IU/ml. Before the end of pregnancy, 17.4% of patients of the Group I and 20.3% of pregnant women of the Group II were diagnosed with manifest hypothyroidism. Conclusions. In pregnant women with a normal level of AB-TPO in the early stages of pregnancy, a physiological decrease in the level of TSH with subsequent normalization in the II and III trimesters is determined; FT4 and FT3 levels increase with increasing gestational age; the volume of TG physiologically increased by 15.2% from the indicators of the early periods, which requires regular monitoring of the thyroid status in the dynamics of pregnancy and timely correction. Тhe research was conducted according to principles of Declaration of Helsinki. Protocol of research was proved by local ethical committee, mentioned in institution’s work. A informed sonsennt was collected in order to carry out the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Features of physical and sexual development and the state of bone tissue in adolescent girls
Authors:   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Liakhovska T.Yu. , Hromova A.M. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Ketova O.M. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Smagliuk L.V. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Liakhovska A.V. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

In the period of puberty the reproductive system formation takes place, the physical development of adolescents body, the mineralization of bone tissue, and the accumulation of bone mass come to an end. Purpose - to assess the physical, sexual development and state of the bone tissue in adolescent girls with violation of the reproductive system formation. Materials and methods. A clinical examination of 87 girls of pubertal age was carried out, the study group included 47 girls with violation of the reproductive system formation. The comparison group consisted of 40 girls without such violation. Anthropometry was used to assess physical and sexual development, сonstitutional type, body mass index, sexual development, and mineral density of bone tissue were determined. Results. Secondary sexual characteristics were found to appear later and have a lower degree of expression in girls of the study group compared to the comparison group (10.2±1.0 points vs. 12.3±1.4 points, p<0.05). Asthenic type of body structure was found 4 times more often, normosthenic type - 2.2 times less often than in girls of the comparison group (р<0.01). Severe disorders of menstrual function occurred 2 times more often in girls with an asthenic body structure compared to girls with a normosthenic body structure. Deficit body weight in girls of the study group was determined 4.2 times more often in girls of the study group than in the comparison group (p<0.01). In 80.8% of adolescent girls with a violation of the reproductive system formation, the mineral density of bone tissue was significantly lower than in the comparison group. In 55.3% of subjects of the main group, osteopenia of various degrees of severity was determined. Conclusions. Adolescent girls with disorders of the reproductive system formation were found a delay in physical development and puberty. The mineral density of bone tissue was significantly lower than in adolescents with a physiological puberty. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committees of the institutions mentioned in the paper. An informed parental consent was obtained for the study in children. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.
Tradition Amidst Modernization: The Rise and Fall of the Tradition of Pesta Tebu in Cirebon District, West Java
Authors: Meliani Wini , Iqbal Asep Muhamad
Published: February 2024

This article examines tradition amidst modernization focusing on the rise and fall of the Pesta Tebu tradition and its relationship with the technological advancement of sugar factories in Cirebon district, West Java. Two villages were selected for this study as they represent sites where the Pesta Tebu tradition experienced the rise and fall in the face of modernization. This article uses a comparative method with a qualitative approach and the techniques of non-participant observation and interviews for data collection. Employing the narrative method as a data analysis technique, this study argues that modernization in the form of industrialization of sugar production resulted in the rise and fall of the Pesta Tebu tradition. When the management of the sugar factories renewed the technology of sugar production, the Pesta Tebu tradition survived and continued, but when this was not the case, the Pesta Tebu tradition died out. All this shows that modernization did not destroy tradition, but rather contributed to the rise and survival of tradition within communities. Comparing two cases of the Pesta Tebu tradition, this article contributes to a better understanding of the impact of modernization on tradition in that industrialisation resulted in a varied impact on tradition.
Enhancing Political Participation: A Comparative Study of Political Systems in China and Malaysia
Authors: Al Giffari Haekal Adha , Aziz Nik Muhammad Azimuddin bin , Syifa Syafitri , Johari Muhammad Syahzan bin
Published: February 2024

This article compares the political systems of China and Malaysia, focusing on political participation enhancement. It seeks to identify the strengths and weaknesses of their political systems and propose appropriate approaches to enhance political participation in both countries. By examining the structure of government and the effectiveness of political participation, this study expands the current understanding of these political systems in China and Malaysia. It also explores the factors that influence political participation in China and Malaysia. The study finds that political participation in Malaysia is more democratic than in China, considering factors such as party diversity, the electoral process, and the role of local government in accommodating minority voices. However, China's political system demonstrates strength through its centralized control, allowing for the efficient execution of policies and regulations. The study acknowledges similarities between the two countries in terms of their three branches of government but also highlights differences in the type of politically unengaged communities. The findings from this research can be considered by the governments of both countries to improve political participation, particularly among the younger generation. This article, therefore, contributes to the studies on political systems in Asian countries from a comparative perspective.