bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Twenty Interesting Points: An Analysis of Bone Artefacts from Platypus Rockshelter
Authors: Francis Victoria
Published: August 2017

While bone artefacts have been largely ignored in Australian archaeology, a wide range of functions for this artefact type are noted ethnographically. Twenty bone artefacts from Platypus Rockshelter, southeast Queensland, were used to test the applicability of residue analysis for functional assessment of archaeological bone artefacts. Analysis produced both predicted and unexpected results when compared with the known range of functions and results from other studies at this site. Plant and animal residues were observed on the artefacts, ranging from blood and collagen to starch raphides and the mineral, vivianite. These results have implications for site occupation as well as more general ones for the study of bone artefacts.
The Genetic Speciation of Archaeological Fish Bone: A Feasibility Study from Southeast Queensland
Authors: Hlinka Vojtech , Ulm Sean , Loy Tom , Hall Jay
Published: August 2017

Current genetic methods enable highly specific identification of DNA from modern fish bone. The applicability of these methods to the identification of archaeological fish bone was investigated through a study of a sample from late Holocene southeast Queensland sites. The resultant overall success rate of 2% indicates that DNA analysis is, as yet, not feasible for identifying fish bone from any given site. Taphonomic issues influencing the potential of genetic identification methods are raised and discussed in light of this result.
Reassessing Marine Fishery Intensification in Southeast Queensland
Authors: Ulm Sean
Published: August 2017

A review of the archaeological evidence underlying a model by Walters of late Holocene Aboriginal marine fishery intensification in southeast Queensland is undertaken. The results of a regional review of the available fish bone neither support an argument for a general pattern of increase in fish discard at coastal sites nor the claim for an exponential increase through time in the number of sites exhibiting fish remains. Major taphonomic issues and research biases are considered to have played a role in structuring the archaeological database of the region.
EKSPLORASI TINGKAT EFISIENSI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA STUDI KASUS DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Ady Sri Utami
Published: August 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan menganalisis perilaku para investor individu dan melihat pemahaman mereka tentang efisiensi pasar modal dan penyesuaian perilaku mereka. Target khusus yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah dihasilkannya sebuah model konstruksi perilaku investor dalam memahami dan berperilaku sesuai dengan tingkat efisiensi pasar modal yang dipahami oleh investor dan bagaimana mereka menyesuaikan diri terhadap segala perubahan yang terjadi secara dinamis. Menggunakan paradigma post positivis kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, dan metode pengumpulan data melalui indepth interview, observasi partisipan dan dokumentasi, diharapkan menghasilkan sebuah teori yang berdasarkan data langsung dari lapang di bidang pasar modal di Indonesia.Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa(1)Pasar modal Indonesia belum berfungsi secara maksimal untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat indonesia karena sebagian besar investor adalah investor luar negeri (Foreign investor) yang merasakan manfaat keberadaannya.(2 Pasar modal Indonesia saat ini berada pada tingkat efisiensi lemah, sehingga investor kesulitan mendapatkan return berdasarkan informasi data historis dan pergerakan harga saham cenderung acak(random walk) sehingga penggunaan analisis teknikal kurang bermanfaat. (3) Hipotesis pasar efisien mengasumsikan Rational Economic Man (REM) yang sangat sulit untuk diaplikasikan karena pada kenyataannya perilaku investor tidak rasional sehingga asumsi yang cocok adalah Behaviorally Bias Men (BBM)
ANALISIS KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT PADA KANTOR PELAYANAN PERIZINAN TERPADU (KPPT) KOTA MOJOKERTO
Authors: Sukesi Sukesi
Published: August 2017

The significance of quality is valuable to the satisfaction of society is the company's capital in selling service products. Without exception public companies are improving both service quality and products. Service quality should be done consistently, KPPT Mojokerto City as the providers of public service, whose populated with UMKM business areas. It’s required to provide quality services not only value, but the convenience of service. In order to know (1)The level of community satisfaction the service of KPPT Mojokerto City;(2)And Analyze the results of the assessment of SKM. Qualitative descriptive and 9 elementsanalysis tools and 18 indicators of assessment are developing, based on Peraturan Menteri PAN-RB No.16 2014 about SKM guidelines for Public Service Providers. Research using random sampling accidental proportional gain 100 respondents. The result of all variables, the level of user service satisfaction, has score category B (good). The result of index score 76.35 means that, generally satisfaction society in a good category. With index of service quality as the expectations from willingness to give positive response for each type of product service. For advice, it’s should be able to provide transparency of services related to applicant for permits regarding provisions/rules/standards costs on each type of license. Keywords:Qualitative,Research,service quality, public service,satisfaction society
Metacritic Practice: A Configuration of New Journalistic Narratives
Authors: Maia Marta Regina , Drumond Rafael Fonseca , Aniceto Caio Macedo Rodrigues
Published: August 2017

An ongoing effort is being made in the communication field to map the possibilities of media criticism, since there are several modalities of study in this area. In this case, we propose a glance at the journalistic metacriticism that emerges from work cultures financed by alternative models - an organizational redesign that has made the circulation of new narratives about social life possible. Starting from the counter-hegemonic place that vitalizes this other journalism, methodologically, we resort to case study in consonance with the analysis of narratives produced in the context of the project: Ponte: Direitos humanos, justiça e segurança pública (Ponte: Human rights, justice and public safety).Está em andamento, no campo da comunicação, um esforço para o mapeamento das possibilidades de crítica de mídia, já que são várias as modalidades de estudo nessa área. Nesse caso, propomos um olhar sobre a metacrítica jornalística que emerge a partir de culturas de trabalho financiadas por modelos alternativos – redesenho organizacional que vem possibilitando a circulação de novas narrativas sobre o social. Partindo do lugar contra-hegemônico que vitaliza esse outro jornalismo, recorremos, metodologicamente, ao estudo de caso em consonância com a análise de narrativas produzidas no contexto do projeto Ponte: Direitos humanos, justiça e segurança pública.Está en proceso, en el campo de la comunicación, un esfuerzo para el mapeamiento de las posibilidades de crítica de los medios, ya que son diversas modalidades de estudio en esa área. En este caso, proponemos un exámen sobre la metacrítica que emerge a partir de culturas de trabajo financiadas por modelos alternativos – otro dibujo organizacional que viene posibilitando una circulación de nuevas narrativas sobre la vida social. A partir del lugar contra-hegemónico que vitaliza ese otro periodismo, emprendemos,   metodológicamente, un análisis y estudio de caso de las narrativas producidas en el contexto del proyecto del proyecto Ponte: Direitos humanos, justiça e segurança pública (Ponte: Derechos humanos, justicia y seguridad pública).
中国某企业科研经费核算与管理探析
Authors: 曹 云芳
Published: August 2017

科学技术是第一生产力，近年来赞比亚中资企业在面对国际铜价疲软、能源成本不断攀升、汇率及税收政策不稳定的背景下，大力缩减资本投资，积极研发新技术、新工艺，提高企业生产力，增强核心竞争力，突破当前企业发展瓶颈。针对如何有效管理与核算科研经费是值得深入研究探析的一个课题，本文依据中国某企业科研经费核算与管理所面对的环境，结合自身特点，分析其存在的问题，并提出可行性对策。
关于工程地质勘察中水文地质问题研究
Authors: 张 秋宝
Published: August 2017

水文地质问题是工程地质勘察工作中的一项重点内容，它与工程整体施工质量有着非常密切的关系。随着社会经济的不断发展，人们对建筑工程的施工质量也提出了更高的要求。为保障人们的生命财产安全，在进行工程地质勘察工作时必须加强对水文地质的勘察工作。本文从水文地质的危害入手，进一步论述了应对措施。
科技型企业人力资源管理探微
Authors: 杨 溢
Published: August 2017

本文首先对现代科技型企业的特点进行了简单的介绍，其次针对目前科技型企业人力资源管理过程中存在的问题进行了细致的分析，最后提出几点提高科技型企业人力资源管理的措施，希望能够为中国科技型企业的发展做出一定的贡献，同时为相关行业人员提供一定的资料参考。
优化失业人员档案管理以推进劳动就业服务思考
Authors: 宋 国凤 , 陈 大为
Published: August 2017

随着中国就业形势的变化与及国有企业改革的推进，许多企业职工因不符合社会发展对人才的需求等各种原因与原企业解除了劳动关系，这些失业人员在一定程度上给社会埋下了不安全隐患。因此，为保护好失业人员再就业的工作凭证以及维护社会稳定，加强失业人员档案的管理显得尤为重要。文章重点就优化失业人员档案管理以推进劳动就业服务进行研究分析，以供参考和借鉴。
浅析中国国有建筑施工企业政工干部队伍建设
Authors: 宋 宝国
Published: August 2017

随着社会经济的发展，中国建筑企业的经营模式发生了变化，而党建工作对于国有企业来说是很重要的。在中国国有建筑施工企业当中，政工干部的作用被逐渐的弱化，其职业规划也受到了影响，企业应该加强政工干部队伍的建设。本文分析了中国国有建筑施工企业建设政工干部队伍时的问题并提出了相应的措施，希望对国有建筑施工企业政工干部队伍的建设有所帮助。
O uso da Modelagem Matemática na sala de aula
Authors: Lutz Mauricio Ramos , Bona Aline Silva de , Fonseca Jussara Aparecida da
Published: August 2017

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma atividade desenvolvida utilizando a Modelagem Matemática na sala de aula como uma metodologia de ensino. Para tanto, realizamos uma atividade com os acadêmicos do sexto semestre do Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática do Instituto Federal Farroupilha – Campus Alegrete/RS. Utilizar a Modelagem Matemática, como uma metodologia de ensino, permitiu estabelecer relação entre a Matemática da sala de aula e o cotidiano dos estudantes. O tema proposto consistia em como poderíamos constituir um Modelo Matemático para a construção de um muro. Para isso, os alunos tiverem que realizar pesquisas prévias, buscando conhecer mais sobre o assunto e elencar o que seria necessário para a construção desse muro. Após a elaboração e a validação dos Modelo Matemático, os alunos puderam chegar à conclusão de qual tipo de material seria economicamente mais vantajoso na construção do muro. Além disso, enquanto futuros professsores de Matemática, também observaram que a Modelagem Matemática apresenta-se como uma oportunidade do professor oferecer aos seus alunos um ambiente de estudo mais dinâmico, participativo e interessante.
Cooperation Between Science and Aviation-Sector Service Providers in Europe for Risk Management of Volcanic Ash
Authors: Reichardt Uta , Ulfarsson Gudmundur F. , Petursdottir Gudrun
Published: August 2017

The eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in April–May 2010 (hereafter E2010) revealed the fragility of air traffic in the case of an ash-producing volcanic eruption. This study examines developments since E2010 of cooperation between science and aviation-sector service providers toward efforts for improved resilience against a new volcanic eruption. The research builds on literature and interviews with representatives from research and regulatory institutes, air traffic managers, aircraft operators, and engine manufacturers across Europe. The article describes how scientific advice was requested to revise the regulatory precautionary approach and reopen airspace during E2010. The paper depicts the increased effort of scientific advancement in the understanding of ash characterization, modeling of the volcanic ash plume, and atmospheric environment. Furthermore, cross-disciplinary workshops and the memorandum of understanding between Icelandic and British institutions are examined to document increased cooperation between scientists and aviation-sector service providers to provide support to decision makers. However, the science needed for improved risk management is complex and depends on the effects of volcanic ash on jet engines. The concentration levels decided on over the course of a few days in 2010 have not been revised, and the aviation industry does not seem to prioritize research into these issues. A dialogue is needed between science, governance, and engine manufacturers, as well as more collective research funding to test jet engines to improve informed decision making, rather than leaving such research only to the manufacturers and internal political agendas.
From the Desk of Executive Editor Vol.7(3)
Authors: Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: August 2017

Abstract not availableBirdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 248
Comparative activity pattern and feeding behaviour of Capped Langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) and Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) in Madhupur National Park of Bangladesh
Authors: Monirujjaman - , Khan M Monirul H
Published: August 2017

Comparative activity pattern and feeding behaviour of Capped Langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) and Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) were studied in Madhupur National Park of Bangladesh from September 2015 to September 2016. Scan sampling method with 5 minutes interval was followed in the field. The Capped Langur spent 42% of the day time in feeding, 45% in resting, 6% in moving, 4% in playing, 2% in grooming and 1% in breeding, whereas the Rhesus Macaque spent 24% of the day time in feeding, 26% in resting, 30% in moving, 15% in playing, 4% in grooming and 1% in breeding. The Capped Langur spent comparatively more (7.25%) time in feeding than the Rhesus Macaque. Seasonal variation in feeding of the Capped Langur is more obvious than that in the Rhesus Macaque. Both species started their feeding activities early in the morning and stopped at late afternoon. Diet of the Capped Langur comprises of plant food (94%), animal food (3%), water (1%) and food offered by men (2%), and diet of the Rhesus Macaque comprises of plant food (79%), animal food (4%), soil (1%), water (2%) and food offered by men (14%). Both are mainly vegetarian but fed on varieties of food. It was found that the Capped Langur is primarily folivorous (48%) and the Rhesus Macaque is primarily frugivorous (55%). The Capped Langur fed on a total of 51 species of plant under 28 families and Rhesus Macaque fed on 38 species of plant under 18 families. The Capped Langur consumed more natural food (98%) than that of Rhesus Macaque (86%); the rest were food offered by men. The day ranges of Capped Langur and Rhesus Macaque were 400 metres and 550 metres, respectively. No notable conflict between Capped Langur and Rhesus Macaque was observed while feeding.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 1-12, 2017 (June)
Occupational health hazards and safety practices among the workers of tannery industry in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Rabiul , Hossain Md Shakhaoat , Siddique Md Abu Bakkar
Published: August 2017

In Bangladesh, workers of the tannery industries are commonly affected with several health hazards. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of health problems of the tannery workers, and to find out the factors associated with those health problems. A cross sectional studywas conducted on 316 general tannery workers (who work with raw hides and chemicals only) from 22 different tanneries in Hazaribagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A standardized, structured face to face interviewer-administered close ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression models and chi-square test. Around 63.3% of workers were affected with at least one health problems. Majority of the workers were suffering from skin problem (25.3%), gastrointestinal problem (8.5%), chronic headache (8.2%), allergies (5.7%), respiratory system problem (6.3%), cardiovascular problem (6.3%) and eye problem (3.5%). Only 36.7% respondents used personal protective equipment (PPE). The tanneries did not have any effluents or wastes treatment facilities. Smoking and monthly low household income were significantly associated with the morbidity of the tannery workers. The government should take adequate measures to mitigate the health hazards in the tannery industry.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 13-22, 2017 (June)
Development of an effective in vitro Regeneration protocol for BARI Mash 2 (Vigna mungo L.) an important legume crop in Bangladesh
Authors: Saha P , Afrin M , Mohiuddin AKM , Shohael AM
Published: August 2017

Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.), widely known as Mashkalai in Bangladesh is an important protein source used as human food as well as fodder. BARI Mash 2 is a popular black gram variety released by Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI) which is cultivated throughout the country and very popular especially in the char areas. Establishment of a reliable regeneration system for BARI Mash 2 has been tried for further genetic improvement. A rapid, reproducible and efficient in vitro regeneration method was developed using hypocotyl and young leaf explants through callus formation. The frequency of callus formation was highest (75%) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a high concentration (31.66 ?M) of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) using the young leaf as explants source. Callus induction rate was less in hypocotyls in the same medium. No further progress was observed from those calluses. MS medium containing 16.11?M of ?- Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) showed the 70% calli induction from hypocotyls segment. These calli were amenable to produce multiple shoots (5-6 shoot) in the medium containing 17.75 ?M of 6 Benzyl aminopurine (BAP) alone and the combination of BAP (17.75 ?M ) and NAA (2.68 ?M). Shoots were rooted most effectively (55%) in half strength MS basal medium containing 7.38 ?M of Indole-butyric Acid (IBA). Well rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized, transferred to the soil and found to produce flowers and fruits. The efficient and reproducible regeneration protocol described here allows for successful in vitro regeneration of BARI Mash 2 that is vital for future genetic manipulation.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 23-33, 2017 (June)
Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: crambidae) using some selected insecticides in field condition, Bangladesh
Authors: Awal A , Rahman MM , Alam MZ , Khan MMH
Published: August 2017

Experiments were carried out in two consecutive cropping seasons to evaluate the effectiveness of seven insecticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) in the experimental farm of the department of Entomology, BSMRAU, Bangladesh. Tracer-45 SC was found to be highly effective in reducing 88.22 % and 84.41 % shoot infestation over control during summer and winter, respectively followed by Proclaim-5 SG (74.12 % in summer and 64.36 % in winter). The highest number of healthy fruits per plant (22.38 in summer and 35.69 in winter, respectively) and the highest yield of eggplant per hectare (19.94 t/ha in summer and 24.79 t/ha in winter) were obtained from Tracer-45 SC treated plots. Therefore, it may be concluded that Tracer-45 SC (Spinosad) @ 0.4 ml/liter could be the most effective insecticide in controlling brinjal shoot and fruit borer and also in getting highest yield of eggplant.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 35-43, 2017 (June)
Occurrence of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) during 2014-2016 in cattle of Sirajganj district, Bangladesh
Authors: Giasuddin Md , Mahmud MS , Asari Md Abu Musa Al , Akter S
Published: August 2017

Abstract not availableJahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 45-49, 2017 (June)
Phytochemical contents, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extracts of Centella asiatica(L.) Urb.leaf and stem
Authors: Polash Shakil Ahmed , Saha Tanushree , Hossain Md Sharif , Sarker Satya Ranjan
Published: August 2017

Abstract not availableJahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 51-57, 2017 (June)
Biochemical compositions of black carpenter ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus (Hymenoptedra : Formicidae)
Authors: Abulude Francis Olawale , Fagbayide Samuel Dare
Published: August 2017

Abstract not availableJahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 59-62, 2017 (June)
Phosphorus use efficiency and critical P content of stevia grown in acid and non-calcareous soils of Bangladesh
Authors: Maniruzzaman Md , Chowdhury Tanzin , Rahman Md Arifur , Chowdhury Md Akhter Hossain
Published: August 2017

Knowledge of phosphorus (P) uptake and its use efficiency by crop plants is essential for adequate management of the plant nutrients to sustain food production with a minimal environmental impact. To study the effects of P on the growth, leaf biomass production, P content and uptake and to estimate P use efficiency (PUE), minimum P requirement and critical leaf P content of stevia, a pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications in acid and non-calcareous soils of Bangladesh. The applied treatments was six viz. 0 (P0), 25 (P25), 50 (P50), 75 (P75), 100 (P100) and 150 (P150) kg P ha-1. Plant samples were collected at 15 days interval to obtain different parameters. Collective results indicated that significantly highest values of different parameters were obtained with P @ 100 kg ha-1 and the lowest from P control. Phosphorus application increased leaf dry yield at harvest by 55 to 510% in acid soil and 70 to 488% in non-calcareous soil over control. The rapid growth of the plant was recorded at the later stages (30 to 60 days after planting). Phosphorus content and uptake was directly proportional with the increased levels of P except the treatment P150 in both soils. Maximum PUE and fertilizer P use efficiency (FPUE) was observed at P100 treatment. Critical P content was estimated to be ca 0.19 and 0.30% in the leaves of stevia plants grown in acid and non-calcareous soils, respectively. For maximum leaf biomass production of stevia grown in acid and non-calcareous soils, the minimum requirement of P was also estimated to be ca 109 and 104 kg ha-1, respectively. The information of this finding would contribute to optimize the soil P use and improve fertilizer management for stevia cultivation.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 55-68, August 2017
Smartphone based automatic price determination of agricultural products
Authors: Hassan Md Rakib
Published: August 2017

Smartphones are increasingly becoming an integral part of our life. We carry it every time with us and use it to do various tasks including browsing internet, emails, social websites and others. We also perform online shopping with our smartphones. In this paper, a new automatic price determination algorithm for agricultural products is proposed that can be used by both the sellers and buyers using their smartphones. The buyers will place their demands for their required agricultural products to the sellers of a particular market and the sellers will also place their supplies. The algorithm will then automatically calculate the market equilibrium price using learning rate based iterative distributed price determination algorithm. As a result, both the sellers and buyers can save their time in finding the suitable prices of the agricultural products. The performance results show that the algorithm is stable and reaches the market equilibrium price within a few milliseconds.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 69-75, August 2017
Problems and prospects of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) production in Bangladesh
Authors: Asaduzzaman Mohammad , Salma Ummay , Ali Hussein Suleiman , Hamid Md Abdul , Miah Abdul Gaffar
Published: August 2017

The study investigated the production status, problems and prospects of turkey production in Bangladesh following survey and multistage sampling procedure. Average flock size, weight of a tom and hen were 15.34±2.38, 6.58±0.15 and 2.39±0.06 kg, respectively. Commercial, homemade, and both homemade and commercial feed were used by 21.74, 30.43 and 47.83% farmers, respectively. Both tom and hen attained puberty at 7.22±0.06 months, a hen laid 69.46±0.78 eggs per annum and weight of each egg was 66.13±0.63 g. Fertility and hatchability of eggs were 50±3 and 32±1%, respectively. Male and female ratio maintained 1:4.60±0.17. Main reasons of lower hatchability were low egg fertility, faulty incubation, and both low egg fertility and faulty incubation as per 50.0, 21.7 and 28.3% farmers, respectively. None of the farmers used artificial insemination (AI) except natural breeding. Main advantages of turkey rearing over other poultry species were low disease, high market price, low feeding cost and low mortality according to 41.3, 28.3, 17.4 and 13.1% farmers, respectively. While 36.9% farmers had encountered disease, 80.4% had not used vaccine. An egg, a poult and an adult turkey were sold at BDT 76.2±1.79, 838.5±22.8 and 2587.2±74.8, respectively. In fact, turkey production is still at primitive stage which is characterized by poor housing, feeding, breeding and healthcare practices, so vigorous public extension service, training, research and marketing strategies are immediately needed to improve this sector in Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 77-90, August 2017
Milk production performances of crossbred cattle at the villages of Jamalpur district in Bangladesh
Authors: Begum Maksuda , Begum Jahura , Majumder Md Kamrul Hasan , Hasan Mohammad Monzurul , Hossain Md Shamsul , Islam Farukul
Published: August 2017

Data on body measurements like BL (body length), CG (chest girth), WH (wither height) TM (test day milk production), PM (peak milk production), LP (lactation period), CFDC (cost for concentrate feed before test day milk production per cow), GGU (green grass used before test day milk production per cow) and husbandry practices, were collected from a total of 100 dairy cattle at the villages of Islampur upazila under the district of Jamalpur in Bangladesh from January to February 2017. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. The highest BL, CG, WH, CFDC and GGU were 175.71±0.42 cm, 161.74±0.24 cm,123.82±0.11 cm 125.54±0.24 bdt/cow/day and 27.29±0.89 kg/cow/day, respectively. The highest amounts of TM, PM and LP were 9.36±0.60 liter/cow, 13.11±0.54 liter/cow and 247.14±1.47 days/cow, respectively. BL, CG and WH increased with increased of the age of crossbred cattle up to 150 months of old. Similarly, CFDC and GGU increased with the increased of the age of crossbred cattle up to 150 months of old. Farmers in the study area were not interested to keep breeding bulls for breeding purpose but they were using artificial insemination system to inseminate their cows and aware about production performance record of the inseminating bull. Farmers took health services from milk vita and sold milk to the same. They believed that dairy cattle rearing a profitable livelihood. TM, PM and LP increased with the increased of the age of crossbred cattle up to 150 months of old. However, increase of CFDC will increase TM, LP and PM but increase of GGU will increase only LP. On the other hand increase of CG will increase TM and increase of BL will increase LP and PM.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 91-98, August 2017
Physico-chemical analysis and detection of adulteration in raw milk collected from Goalas of different places of sadar upazila in Mymensingh district
Authors: Rahman Atikur , Habib Md Rezwanul , Ali Md Younus , Islam Mohammad Ashiqul , Rashid Md Harun Ur
Published: August 2017

This research work was carried out to assess the physical, chemical quality and detection of adulteration in raw milk collected from goals of five different places of Mymensingh sadar upazila (BAU Sheshmore, BAU KR market, train going vendor, sweetmeat shop and Dhudmohol) in Bangladesh. Results shows that milk from sweet meat shop had 100% yellowish white colour, normal (milky) flavor and free flowing liquid whereas other sources milk varies with their percentage in terms of physical parameters. Specific gravity of milk from various sources differed significantly (p<0.01) and all the chemical parameters of milk sample collected from different sources differed significantly (p<0.01). Significantly higher percentage of total solids (12.67±0.10) and fat content (4.36±0.07) was found in milk from goala of sweet meat shop than others. All of the adulteration tests showed negative result that means no adulterant materials was found in the collected milk samples. Considering the results, it could be inferred that there was an ample fluctuation present on qualities of milk samples collected from the goalas of different places of Mymensingh sadar regarding the standard of the parameters and the raw milk samples from sweetmeat shop were of good quality. The results suggested that milk purchase from reliable sources is very much important for consumers due to its quality.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 99-106, August 2017
Species availability, culture technique, reproduction of prawn and shrimp in Bangladesh: A review
Authors: Shampa Sharmin Akter , Nasrin Nusrat , Khatun Marufa , Akter Salma
Published: August 2017

Bangladesh is considered one of the most suitable countries in the world for freshwater prawn farming because of its favorable agro climatic condition. The expansion of shrimp farming is triggered by the increased international market demand, seed production and intensive shrimp culture. Shrimp farming is having a positive impact on the livelihoods of many people in Bangladesh, especially the poorer farmers. Prawn and shrimp farming offer a reliable source of revenue that is often more profitable than other kinds of farming, or other non-farming employment. The objective of this paper was to review species availability, culture technique and artificial breeding of prawn and shrimp in Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 107-116, August 2017
Optimization of doses of Megavit and Aquaboost on the growth performance of Thai pangas (Pangasius sutchi) in aquarium conditions
Authors: Sku Sonia , Riar Md Golam Sajed , Paul Sumit Kumer , Raushon Nur A , Kamal Md
Published: August 2017

The present study was conducted to optimize doses of Megavit and Aquaboost on the growth performance of Thai pangas (Pangasius sutchi) in aquarium conditions. Six treatment with three replications were used (i) control; (ii) with less than recommended dose (LD) of aqua drugs (0.66 g/kg of the feed); (iii) recommended dose (RD) of aqua drugs (1 g/kg of the feed) and (iv), (v) and (vi) more than recommended doses (MRD) of aqua drugs (1.33g/ kg, 1.40 g/kg and 1.50g/kg of the feed) for 28 days in aquarium condition. In each aquarium 10 fingerlings of average initial weight 9.35 g were stocked. Feed containing either Aquaboost or Megavit, fed at 10% body weight of fish two times daily. The body weight was determined with time interval. Mortality rate also recorded. In case control feed, body weight increased slightly from initial 9.35 to 10.75g in 28 days but a positive trend in growth performance of pangas was observed after feeding different doses of aquaboost medicated diets. The highest increased body weight of 13.28±0.08g was observed in the treatment (iv) containing 1.33g/kg aquaboost in the diet of more than recommended doses where in recommended dose (iii) of 1 g/kg, the body weight of pangas increased to 11.52±0.09g. However, with the more recommended doses (MRD), (iv), (v) and (vi) in the diets, growth performance was declined. Similar results were also observed when feeding Megavit to pangas in 28 days in aquarium.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 117-122, August 2017
Present status of carp hatchery and breeding operations in Bangladesh: A review
Authors: Khatun Nafisa , Islam Mostt Tajnova , Sultana Nishat , Mrong Sonya , Huq Md Azizul
Published: August 2017

Carps are the main species for the aquaculture system in Bangladesh, and the production of these species completely depends on timely and adequate supply of quality seeds. In hatcheries, since middle of nineties, stock deterioration was reported because of poor brood stock management and inbreeding depression and still though both public and private hatcheries and nurseries are producing fish seeds, but there has been a growing concern over the availability of good quality seeds for sustainable fish production. For that reason, the production of quality carp spawns and fingerlings are essential for desired production of fish in Bangladesh. We reviewed the present status of carp hatcheries along with ongoing practices of breeding in different carp hatcheries for sustainable production strategies in this region.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 123-129, August 2017
Shore to landward transect burrow diversity of fiddler crab in a tropical intertidal coast of Chittagong in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Mst Mansura , Khan Mohammad Sadequr Rahman
Published: August 2017

Burrows indicate the abundance and distribution of fiddler crab in an intertidal coast that varies with structure and morphology within intertidal habitats. We observed fiddler crab burrow density and characters (burrow length, depth, diameter and volume) within randomly selected six 1m2 quadrate from three intertidal habitats: higher saltmarsh, mangrove pool (a small ditch distributed within mangrove) and mangrove land through field surveys in a coast of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Burrows were observed and counted for density estimation, and burrow characteristics were studied through excavating 10 representative burrows from each quadrate of each habitat. Spearman correlation was used to relate between the distances (from shore towards land) and burrow characters. Transect starting from saltmarsh as base towards mangrove land showed burrow density decreased from shore to higher intertidal habitat. Simultaneously, higher burrow length and diameter were observed landward and contrariwise shoreward. Burrow prevalence in mangrove pools represents fiddler crabs are abundant within land and shore interface presumably due to the dual privilege of easy burrowing and moist condition required for gill ventilation.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 131-140, August 2017
Analyses of the Extensible Blade in Improving Wind Energy Production at Sites with Low-Class Wind Resource
Authors: Li Jiale , Yu Xiong
Published: August 2017

This paper describes the feasibility analysis of an innovative, extensible blade technology. The blade aims to significantly improve the energy production of a wind turbine, particularly at locations with unfavorable wind conditions. The innovative ‘smart’ blade will be extended at low wind speed to harvest more wind energy; on the other hand, it will be retracted to its original shape when the wind speed is above the rated wind speed to protect the blade from damages by high wind loads. An established aerodynamic model is implemented in this paper to evaluate and compare the power output of extensible blades versus a baseline conventional blade. The model was first validated with a monitored power production curve based on the wind energy production data of a conventional turbine blade, which is subsequently used to estimate the power production curve of extended blades. The load-on-blade structures are incorporated as the mechanical criteria to design the extension strategies. Wind speed monitoring data at three different onshore and offshore sites around Lake Erie are used to predict the annual wind energy output with different blades. The effects of extension on the dynamic characteristics of blade are analyzed. The results show that the extensive blade significantly increases the annual wind energy production (up to 20% to 30%) with different blade extension strategies. It, therefore, has the potential to significantly boost wind energy production for utility-scale wind turbines located at sites with low-class wind resource.
Modeling and Simulating Long-Timescale Cascading Faults in Power Systems Caused by Line-Galloping Events
Authors: Chen Lizheng , Zhang Hengxu , Li Changgang , Sun Huadong
Published: August 2017

With the increasing occurrence of extreme weather events, the short circuit and line-breaking faults in transmission lines caused by line galloping have been threatening the security operation of power systems. These faults are also hard to be simulated with current simulation tools. A numerical simulation approach of power systems is presented to simulate the clustered, cascading faults of long-timescale caused by line-galloping events. A simulation framework is constructed in which large numbers of fault scenarios are simulated to reflect the randomness of line galloping. The interaction mechanism between power system operation states and line galloping processes is revealed and simulated by the solution of differences of timescales and parameters. Based on Power System Simulator/Engineering (PSS/E), an extended software package for line galloping simulation is developed with Python, which extends the functionalities of the PSS/E in power system simulation. An example is given to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed simulation method.
A Simulation-Based Optimization Method for Hybrid Frequency Regulation System Configuration
Authors: Song Jie , Pan Xin , Lu Chao , Xu Hanchen
Published: August 2017

Frequency regulation is essential for the stability of a power grid with high load fluctuation and integration of new energies. Constrained by the large ramping, a generator alone is not capable of conducting load frequency controls effectively and economically. In this paper, an energy storage system (ESS) is introduced to coordinate with generators in automatic generation control (AGC), where ESS and the generator respectively deal with high-frequency load fluctuation and low-portion. We develop a system configuration framework for such a hybrid system, including the operation strategy and capacity optimization. Due to the complexity of the hybrid system, the operation process is captured by a simulation model which considers practical constraints as well as remaining energy management of ESS. Taking advantage of the gradient-based approximation algorithm, we are then able to optimize the capacity of a hybrid system. According to the numerical experiments with real historical AGC data, the hybrid system is shown to perform well in cost reduction and to achieve the regulation tasks.
Recognition and Distribution of Two North Atlantic Gadiculus Species, G. argenteus and G. thori (Gadidae), Based on Otolith Morphology, Larval Pigmentation, Molecular Evidence, Morphometrics and Meristics
Authors: Gaemers Pieter , Poulsen Jan
Published: August 2017

The silvery pout genus Gadiculus consists of small aberrant codfishes with several extinct and currently only one recognized extant species. The oldest representatives of a Gadiculus lineage known from otoliths are Early Miocene in age. Fossil evidence has showed Gadiculus to originate from older genera diverging early from other true cods of the family Gadidae. As adult specimens of different species have been found to be highly similar and difficult to distinguish based on meristic and morphometric data, the number of species in this gadid genus has been controversial since different larval morphotypes were first discovered some 100 years ago. For almost 70 years, Gadiculus thori and Gadiculus argenteus have been considered subspecies only, with a distribution in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean including the Mediterranean. In this study, we resolve the long-standing issue of extant Gadiculus not being monotypic. New results in the form of distinct adult otoliths and molecular data unambiguously show two species of Gadiculus present—in agreement with larval morphotypes. Morphometric, meristic and molecular characters, as well as larval pigmentation are discussed in addition to present and past geographic distributions of the two taxa from distributions of fossil otoliths. At present, the cold-water species Gadiculus thori (northern silvery pout) is distributed in cold-temperate and subarctic latitudes in the Northeast Atlantic, including a new range extension off Southeast Greenland. Gadiculus argenteus (southern silvery pout) occurs in warmer waters and is distributed in the warm-temperate East Atlantic and Mediterranean. Fossil otoliths show that both species often co-existed in the Mediterranean from the Late Pliocene to the Middle Pleistocene.
An Adaptive Sweep-Circle Spatial Clustering Algorithm Based on Gestalt
Authors: Zhan Qingming , Deng Shuguang , Zheng Zhihua
Published: August 2017

An adaptive spatial clustering (ASC) algorithm is proposed in this present study, which employs sweep-circle techniques and a dynamic threshold setting based on the Gestalt theory to detect spatial clusters. The proposed algorithm can automatically discover clusters in one pass, rather than through the modification of the initial model (for example, a minimal spanning tree, Delaunay triangulation, or Voronoi diagram). It can quickly identify arbitrarily-shaped clusters while adapting efficiently to non-homogeneous density characteristics of spatial data, without the need for prior knowledge or parameters. The proposed algorithm is also ideal for use in data streaming technology with dynamic characteristics flowing in the form of spatial clustering in large data sets.
Utilization of Fishery Processing By-Product Squid Pens for α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Production by Paenibacillus sp.
Authors: Nguyen Van , Nguyen Anh , Wang San-Lang
Published: August 2017

The supernatants (the solution part received after centrifugation) of squid pens fermented by four species of Paenibacillus showed potent inhibitory activity against α-glucosidases derived from yeast (79–98%) and rats (76–83%). The inhibition of acarbose—a commercial antidiabetic drug, used against yeast and rat α-glucosidases—was tested for comparison; it showed inhibitory activity of 64% and 88%, respectively. Other chitinolytic or proteolytic enzyme-producing bacterial strains were also used to ferment squid pens, but no inhibition activity was detected from the supernatants. Paenibacillus sp. TKU042, the most active α-glucosidase inhibitor (aGI)-producing strain, was selected to determine the optimal cultivation parameters. This bacterium achieved the highest aGI productivity (527 µg/mL) when 1% squid pens were used as the sole carbon/nitrogen source with a medium volume of 130 mL (initial pH 6.85) in a 250 mL flask (48% of air head space), at 30 °C for 3–4 d. The aGI productivity increased 3.1-fold after optimization of the culture conditions. Some valuable characteristics of Paenibacillus aGIs were also studied, including pH and thermal stability and specific inhibitory activity. These microbial aGIs showed efficient inhibition against α-glucosidases from rat, yeast, and bacteria, but weak inhibition against rice α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 362, 252, 189, and 773 µg/mL, respectively. In particular, these aGIs showed highly stable activity over a large pH (2–13) and temperature range (40–100 °C). Various techniques, including: Diaoin, Octadecylsilane opened columns, and preparative HPLC coupled with testing bioactivity resulted in isolating a main active compound; this major inhibitor was identified as homogentisic acid (HGA). Notably, HGA was confirmed as a new inhibitor, a non-sugar-based aGI, and as possessing stronger activity than acarbose with IC50, and maximum inhibition values of 220 μg/mL, 95%, and 1510 μg/mL, 65%, respectively. These results suggest that squid pens, an abundant and low-cost fishery processing by-product, constitute a viable source for the production of antidiabetic materials via fermentation by strains of Paenibacillus. This fermented product shows promising applications in diabetes or diabetes related to obesity treatment due to their stability, potent bioactivity, and efficient inhibition against mammalian enzymes.
Palladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling: An Efficient Synthetic Strategy for the Construction of the Quinoline Core
Authors: Carral-Menoyo Asier , Ortiz-de-Elguea Verónica , Martinez-Nunes Mikel , Sotomayor Nuria , Lete Esther
Published: August 2017

Palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling is an efficient synthetic strategy for the construction of quinoline scaffolds, a privileged structure and prevalent motif in many natural and biologically active products, in particular in marine alkaloids. Thus, quinolines and 1,2-dihydroquinolines can be selectively obtained in moderate-to-good yields via intramolecular C–H alkenylation reactions, by choosing the reaction conditions. This methodology provides a direct method for the construction of this type of quinoline through an efficient and atom economical procedure, and constitutes significant advance over the existing procedures that require preactivated reaction partners.
Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK
Authors: Turner Andrew , Dhanji-Rapkova Monika , Coates Lewis , Bickerstaff Lesley , Milligan Steve , O’Neill Alison , Faulkner Dermot , McEneny Hugh , Baker-Austin Craig , Lees David N. , Algoet Myriam
Published: August 2017

Tetrodotoxins (TTXs) are traditionally associated with the occurrence of tropical Pufferfish Poisoning. In recent years, however, TTXs have been identified in European bivalve mollusc shellfish, resulting in the need to assess prevalence and risk to shellfish consumers. Following the previous identification of TTXs in shellfish from southern England, this study was designed to assess the wider prevalence of TTXs in shellfish from around the coast of the UK. Samples were collected between 2014 and 2016 and subjected to analysis using HILIC-MS/MS. Results showed the continued presence of toxins in shellfish harvested along the coast of southern England, with the maximum concentration of total TTXs reaching 253 µg/kg. TTX accumulation was detected in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), native oysters (Ostrea edulis) common mussels (Mytilus edulis) and hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), but not found in cockles (Cerastoderma edule), razors (Ensis species) or scallops (Pecten maximus). Whilst the highest concentrations were quantified in samples harvested during the warmer summer months, TTXs were still evident during the winter. An assessment of the potential causative factors did not reveal any links with the phytoplankton species Prorocentrum cordatum, instead highlighting a greater level of risk in areas of shallow, estuarine waters with temperatures above 15 °C.
In Vitro Innervation as an Experimental Model to Study the Expression and Functions of Acetylcholinesterase and Agrin in Human Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Mis Katarina , Grubic Zoran , Lorenzon Paola , Sciancalepore Marina , Mars Tomaz , Pirkmajer Sergej
Published: August 2017

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and agrin, a heparan-sulfate proteoglycan, reside in the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and play key roles in cholinergic transmission and synaptogenesis. Unlike most NMJ components, AChE and agrin are expressed in skeletal muscle and α-motor neurons. AChE and agrin are also expressed in various other types of cells, where they have important alternative functions that are not related to their classical roles in NMJ. In this review, we first focus on co-cultures of embryonic rat spinal cord explants with human skeletal muscle cells as an experimental model to study functional innervation in vitro. We describe how this heterologous rat-human model, which enables experimentation on highly developed contracting human myotubes, offers unique opportunities for AChE and agrin research. We then highlight innovative approaches that were used to address salient questions regarding expression and alternative functions of AChE and agrin in developing human skeletal muscle. Results obtained in co-cultures are compared with those obtained in other models in the context of general advances in the field of AChE and agrin neurobiology.