bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Brief Review of Endemic Fluorosis in Dromedary Camels (Camelus Dromedarius) and Focus on Their FluorideSusceptibility
Authors:   Department of Advanced Science and Technology, National Institute of Medical Science and Research, NIMS University Rajasthan, India, SL Choubisa
Published: April 2024

Chronic fluoride poisoning in the form of fluorosis in diverse species of domestic animals, viz. cattle (Bos taurus), water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hircus), horses (Equus caballus), donkeys (Equus asinus), and dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) is the resultant of prolonged consumption or exposure of high fluoride through drinking water, food, and air. In general, fluorosis can be recognised by the presence of dental mottling (dental fluorosis) and bone deformities (skeletal fluorosis). In animals, skeletal fluorosis often results in reduced mobility as a result of bone damages or changes due to exostosis, osteosclerosis, osteoporosis, and osteophytosis. In addition, fluoride-induced non-skeletal disorders like gastro-intestinal disturbances, neurological disorders, reproductive dysfunctions, apoptosis, excitotoxicity, genotoxicosis, and teratogenic effects have also been observed in fluorosed domestic and experimental animals. The maximum prevalence, 19.4% and 17.9% of dental and skeletal fluorosis at >3.0 ppm fluoride concentration in drinking water has been observed in domesticated dromedary camels in India, respectively. The prevalence and severity of fluorosis varies from one fluoride endemic region to another and depends on a number of determinants or factors. However, the major determinants are fluoride concentration and its frequency and duration of exposure, rate and density of bio-accumulation of fluoride, and food nutrients. Among different species of domestic animals, camels are found to be less susceptible to fluoride or have a relatively higher fluoride tolerance. In present communication, fluorosis in camels, determinants of fluoride toxicity, and fluoride susceptibility in camels are briefly and critically reviewed. Simultaneously, research gapes have also been highlighted for further research work on chronic fluoride intoxication in diverse species of animals. This review is significant for researchers in understanding of chronic fluoride toxicity in grazers (cattle and buffalo) and browsers (equines, flocks, and camels).
Review on Discriminatory Tests of Immune Reaction due to Infection and Vaccination (DIVA Test)
Authors:   Sebeta, Oromia, Ethiopia Animal Health Institute, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Ethiopia, B Tsion , T Fanose ,   Bishofitu, Oromia Addis Ababa University College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Ethiopia
Published: April 2024

In concern for animal diseases, the goal of vaccination is to prevent or reduce clinical diseases associated with the infectious agent, but it can also be used as a means of managing or eradicating a disease from a particular region. Therefore it is essential to differentiate immune responses due to vaccination compared to natural infection. It was to satisfy this requirement that the term Differentiation of Infected from Vaccinated Animals (DIVA) was coined in 1999 by Jan T van Oirschot. DIVA principle is based on a DIVA vaccine producing an antibody response that is different from the antibody response produced by the wild-type virus. The DIVA approach has been applied and proposed successfully to various diseases. Although considerable progress has been made to evaluate which different DIVA strategies are most likely to be applicable in the field, considerably more work needs to be done. If properly applied, DIVA vaccination strategies promise to provide new tools for the control and eradication of diseases.
Review on African Horse Sickness
Authors:   Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia, K Emiyu
Published: April 2024

African Horse Sickness (AHS) is a disease that commonly affects equines. The disease is known to be spread by insect vectors (insect-borne) caused by African Horse Sickness Virus (AHSV) in the family Reoviridae genus Orbivirus. The genome of an AHSV comprises 10 segments of linear dsRNA, encoding seven structural (four major and three minor) and five non-structural proteins. The most common hosts of the diseases are horses, mules, donkeys, and zebras where zebras are natural reservoir host and play vital role in the persistence of the virus. There are four known clinical forms of African horse sickness: pulmonary, cardiac, mixed, and horse sickness fever (mild) forms. The clinical signs and lesions aligned with previous epidemiological information might be enough for clinical diagnoses of African horse sickness virus. But, the clinical signs and lesions showed for AHS can be confused with other disease, Equine Encephalosis Virus (EEV) as both viruses are similar, have a similar geographical distribution, host range and the same vector species. Thus diagnosis of AHSV can be confirmed from whole blood collected in anticoagulant in the febrile stage of infection and other tissues using RT-PCR, cell culture and sandwich ELISA. There is no an exact and specific treatment for animals suffering from AHS. Secondary infections must be treated during the recovery period with antibiotic. The disease is non-contagious and can only be spread through the bites of infected vector species of Culicoides. Control may therefore be effective by: animal movement restrictions, Slaughter of viraemic animals, Husbandry modification, Vector control and Vaccination.
Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, Detection and Isolation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus from Sheep
Authors:   Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bako Agricultural Research Center, Animal Health Researcher, Bako, Ethiopia, Gelana Milkessa
Published: April 2024

Cross-sectional study, which combined multistage cluster sampling and simple random sampling, was employed with the objectives of investigating seroprevalence, associated risk factors, molecular detection and isolation of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) in sheep from October 2019 to August 2019 in selected districts of Horo Guduru Wollega Zone. A total of 387 serum samples were collected from 58 flocks comprised of 387 sheep population. Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (cELISA) was used to detect the presence of PPRV specific antibodies in the sera of animals. Pearson’s Chi-Square and logistic regression analyses were used to see the association of PPR seroprevalence with potential risk factors. The flock-level overall seroprevalence of PPR was found to be 25.86%. An overall seroprevalence of 6.98% (95% CI: 4.65, 10.00) was recorded in the study areas. The seroprevalence of PPR in sheep was significantly higher in mid-highland than highland and lowland (P=0.029). Though the overall seroprevalence of PPR in this study was low, the seropositivity of sheep was due to natural infection indicating the PPRV infection has been circulating in the study areas. Therefore, regular vaccination should be given for sheep to control and prevent its further distribution and awareness should be created for farmers on identified potential risk factors.
Systematic Review on Herbal Plants Having Veterinary Ectoparasitic Importance in Ethiopia
Authors:   Department Livestock and Fishery, Damot Sore district, Wolaita Ethiopia, Biramo Efeson Yasin , Kalacho Natinael Dawit ,   Jinka University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Jinka Ethiopia, Abota Akeko Abriham ,   Department Offa District Livestock and Fishery, Wolaita Ethiopia
Published: April 2024

Parasitic skin disease in domestic ruminants caused by ticks, lice, fleas, and ticks is one of the serious diseases causing great economic losses to smallholder farmers, the industry tanning and the country in general. Invasion of ectoparasites causes blood loss, irritation leading to skin degeneration and rejection, poor growth, reduced production, reproduction and death. Although ruminant parasites can be controlled using commercial synthetic insecticides, their accessibility and affordability to poor farmers, the development of Their resistance status and profound environmental impact make them less desirable than other alternatives such as medicinal plants. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an activity to evaluate the mite-killing efficacy of medicinal plants traditionally used against parasitic skin diseases in ruminants and domestic chickens in Ethiopia. The study was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021 using the different search engines. For this study, various ethno botanical and ethno medical survey reports on the ectoparasitic importance of medicinal plants, in veterinary practice conducted in Ethiopia were used. Out of a total of 102 studies, 20 were used in a systematic review. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data collected. Among the parts of ectoparasitic plants, the leaves are the most frequently used. Sharpening and grinding are the main processing methods for preparation. Phytochemicals were not detected during the search. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the dosage, concentration of the preparation, side effects and phytochemicals present in medicinal plants.
Epidemiology of Neuromuscular Manifestations in Patients Carrying the Hiv Virus in Brazil
Authors:   Professor of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Coordinator of the Rare Neuromuscular Diseases Ambulatory at HUGG, Brazil, Pires Karina Lebeis , Nascimento Oswaldo JM ,   Full Professor of Neurology at the Fluminense Federal University, Brazil, Lewandrowski kai-Uwe ,   Professor Honoris Causa, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Coordinator of the Spine Care Center and Surgery Institute of Tucson, Arizona, USA, Ramos Max ,   Full Professor and Head of Orthopedics, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Published: April 2024

The present study aims to present and discuss epidemiological aspects of the distribution of neurological signs and symptoms in HIV-positive patients treated with Anti Retro Viral ARV therapy in Brazil. HIV infection has been challenging health authorities since the 1980s. In Brazil, 1,045,355 cases of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) were identified from 1980 to June 2021. According to the Ministry of Health (MS), there has been a 35.7% reduction in the AIDS detection rate since 2012. Even so, 32,701 new cases were detected in 2 020. The most frequent neurological manifestations can be divided into: Inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, Mononeuropathy and mononeuropathy multiplex, Radiculopathy, Myopathy and diseases of the neuromuscular junction,Motor neuron disease, HIV-associated sensory neuropathy, HIV-associated sensory neuropathy. Many advances have been observed in recent years regarding the diagnosis and treatment of infection by this virus, however, it remains an important public health problem.
A Bioinspired Non-heme FeIII−(O22−)−CuII Complex with a St = 1 Ground State
Authors: Kass Dustin , Lohmiller Thomas , Katz Sagi , Mebs Stefan , Haumann Michael , Garcia-Serres Ricardo , Dau Holger , Hildebrandt Peter , Ray Kallol
Published: April 2024

Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is a heme−copper oxidase (HCO) that catalyzes the natural reduction of oxygen to water. A pro-found understanding of some of the elementary steps leading to the intricate 4e−/4H+ reduction of O2 is presently lacking. A St = 1 FeIII−(O22−)−CuII (IP) intermediate is proposed to reduce the overpotentials associated with the reductive O−O bond rupture by allowing electron transfer from a tyrosine moiety without the necessity of any spin-surface crossing. Direct evidence of the in-volvement of IP in the HCO catalytic cycle is, however, missing. A number of heme-copper peroxido complexes have been pre-pared as synthetic models of IP; but all of them possess the catalytically non-relevant St = 0 ground state resulting from antiferro-magnetic coupling between the S = 1/2 FeIII and CuII centers. In a complete non-heme approach, we now report the spectroscopic characterization and reactivity of the FeIII−(O22−)−CuII intermediates 1 and 2, which differ only by a single −CH3 versus −H sub-stituent on the central amine of the tridentate ligands binding to copper. Complex 1 with an end-on peroxido core, and ferromag-netically (St=1) coupled FeIII and CuII centers performs H-bonding mediated O−O bond cleavage in presence of phenol to generate oxoiron(IV), copper(II) and PhO•. In contrast, the side-on peroxide complex 2, with a St = 0 ground-state is unreactive towards phenol. Thus, the implications for spin topology contributions to O−O bond cleavage, as proposed for the heme FeIII−(O22−)−CuII intermediate in CcO, can be extended to non-heme chemistry.
Highly Enantiomerically Enriched Secondary Alcohols via Epoxide Hydrogenolysis
Authors: Borden Olivia J. , Joseph Benjamin T. , Head Marianna C. , Ammons Obsidian , Kim Diane Eun , Bonino Abigail C. , Keith Jason M. , Chianese Anthony
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we report the development of ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of epoxides to selectively give the branched (Markovnikov) alcohol products. In contrast to previously reported catalysts, the use of Milstein’s PNN-pincer-ruthenium complex at room temperature allows the conversion of enantiomerically enriched epoxides to secondary alcohols without racemization of the product. The catalyst is effective for a range of aryl epoxides, alkyl epoxides and glycidyl ethers, and is the first homogenous system to selectively promote hydrogenolysis of glycidol to 1,2-propanediol without loss of enantiomeric purity. A detailed mechanistic study was conducted, including experimental observations of catalyst speciation under catalytically relevant conditions, comprehensive kinetic characterization of the catalytic reaction, and computational analysis via density functional theory. Heterolytic hydrogen cleavage is mediated by the ruthenium center and exogenous alkoxide base. Epoxide ring-opening occurs through opposite-side attack of the ruthenium hydride on the less-hindered epoxide carbon, giving the branched alcohol product selectively.
supercooled region and no man’s land in the phase diagram of water
Authors: Pourasad Saeed , Kim Kwang S.
Published: April 2024

In the perplexing domain of supercooled water, scientists have dedicated decades to unraveling its mysteries. Using advanced sampling methods within the TIP4P/2005 water model, this study pinpoints the second critical point at temperature Tc= 238±2 K and pressure Pc= 288±30 bar, signifying an abrupt first-order to a gradual continuous phase transition. It also reveals a transition temperature Tt=172±1 K at which a pivotal transformation unfolds marking the stability switching of a two-step nucleation process, unveiling a previously unnoticed mid-density state bridging high- and low-density liquid states. These findings redefine our understanding of liquid-liquid phase transition, contributing to a comprehensive phase diagram for supercooled water including the elusive "no man’s land, unravelling its intricate complexity.
Myelin surfactant assemblies shaping the electrodeposition of copper dendrites.
Authors: Ferreira José , Michiels Jeroen , Herregraven Marty , Korevaar Peter A.
Published: April 2024

Self-organization of inorganic matter enables bottom-up construction of materials with targetted shapes suited to their function. Positioning the building blocks in the growth process involves a well-balanced interplay of reaction and diffusion. Whereas (supra)molecular structures have been used to template such growth processes, we reasoned that molecular assemblies can be employed to actively create concentration gradients which shape the deposition of solid, wire-like structures. The core of our approach comprises the interaction between myelin assemblies that deliver copper(II) ions to the tips of copper dendrites, which in turn grow along the Cu2+-gradient upon electrodeposition. First, we successfully include Cu2+ ions amongst amphiphile bilayers in myelin filaments, which grow from C12E3-based source droplets over air-water interfaces. Second, we characterize the growth of dendritic copper structures upon electrodeposition from a negative electrode at the sub-mM Cu2+ concentrations that are anticipated upon release from the copper loaded myelins. Third, we assess the intricate growth of copper dendrites upon electrodeposition, when combined with copper loaded myelins. The myelins deliver Cu2+ at a negative electrode, feeding copper dendrite growth upon electrodeposition. Intriguingly, the copper dendrites follow the Cu2+ gradient towards the myelins, and grow along them towards the source droplet. We demonstrate the growth of dynamic connections amongst electrodes and surfactant droplets in reconfigurabe setups – featuring a unique interplay between molecular assemblies and inorganic, solid structures. With the growing interest in neuromorphic circuitry, we envision such a self-organizing system opening entirely new pathways for interconnected networks of (semi)conductive wires that are integrated with soft-matter based systems.
“Soft Power” in China-Russia Relations: Directions and Implementation Mechanisms
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Zhang Yuyun , Kerimov A. A. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
Published: April 2024

The article explores the concept of “soft power” in the context of China-Russia relations. Various directions and mechanisms through which countries implement their “soft power” towards each other are examined: export of cultural products and international education with cultural exchanges. Various initiatives and organizations created to promote cultural exchange and cooperation in the fields of music, cinema, literature, media, sports, and tourism between the two countries are described. The purpose of writing the article is to study the directions and mechanisms of implementing “soft power” in China-Russia relations. The research tasks include: defining the role of “soft power” in these relations; analyzing the mechanisms of implementing “soft power” implies studying specific strategies, tools, and practices that China and Russia use to implement their “soft power”; evaluating the effectiveness of these mechanisms in strengthening bilateral relations. The research sources contain official government documents of China and Russia, reports of international organizations, news articles.
Qualitative Characteristics of School Education: Relationship with the Level of Development and Geographical Location of Countries
Authors:   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Popov P. L. , Cherenev A. A. ,   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Saraev V. G. ,   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Kuznetsov D. A. ,   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS
Published: April 2024

The correlations between the qualitative characteristics of school education and the human development index and its components, according to UN data, are examined using sets of countries. They take into account educational characteristics, indicators of schoolchildren’s performance, identified in various countries by the international programs TIMSS, PISA, PIRLS and the number of gold medals at international olympiads in various academic disciplines. Components of human development – life expectancy, gross national income, average and expected years of schooling. Positive correlations, in most cases significant, between the phenomena under consideration have been established. The distribution of educational indicators taken into account by region of the world is considered. Using the world-system analysis, it was found that there is no complete correlation between the country's place in the international system and the level of schoolchildren's academic performance and medalists in school discipline Olympiads. It is noted that the Russian Federation and many countries geographically close to it are characterized by a gap between the quality indicators of school education and the level of development. It is suggested that the quality of school education is a strong and insufficiently implemented prerequisite for the development of the Russian Federation.
Narratives Related to the Myrrh-Streaming of Icons in the Russian Empire in the 18th–19th Centuries (Based on the Materials of the RSHA)
Authors:   Center for Research of Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Butov I. S. , Tomin N. V. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: April 2024

Based on the data of the Russian State Historical Archive, an attempt is made to identify stable narratives about myrrh-streaming in the folk tradition of the population of the Russian Empire in the 18th–19th centuries, as well as to trace the influence of these narratives on the formation of the concept of a miracle in the everyday religious consciousness of the region under consideration. Initially, tear-stained icons could manifest themselves by glowing or lightning-like brilliance, fragrant fragrance, mysterious voice, the appearance of new inscriptions on them, some of them designated themselves in a dream or were involved in poltergeist-like events. In the 19th century, the range of motives expanded: now an increasing number of icons can flow myrrh in one house, new ritual practices arise around such “centers of attraction”, and these narratives themselves are increasingly beginning to penetrate into various ethno-confessional environments. The myrrh or other liquid that appeared on the icon was perceived as a manifestation of hierophany and was self-sufficient for believers to believe in a miracle. The very outflow of liquid from the icon not only visually confirmed the possibilities of the image to create a miracle, but also through these signs allowed the believer to be personally involved in this sacred action.
State-Confessional Relations in the Republic of Belarus: On the Way to an Identification Model
Authors:   Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after I. D. Putilin, Dolin V. A.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of specifics of the relations development of between the state and religious organizations in the Republic of Belarus. The content of the research suggests identification of main stages of development and conceptual understanding of evolution of stateconfessional relations in the Republic of Belarus. Based on the analysis of legislation of the Republic of Belarus, four stages of evolution of state-confessional relations are identified: the adoption of the Constitution in 1994; the constitutional consolidation in 1996 of the principle of differentiation of the status of traditional religions; the consolidation in 2002 in the profile law preamble of the gradation list of traditional religions according to their significance for the history and culture of the country; the conclusion in 2003 the year of the agreement of the Republic of Belarus with the Belarusian Orthodox Church. A conceptual understanding of the evolution of state-confessional relations in the Republic of Belarus allows us to consider the second, third and fourth stages of this evolution as three stages in the formation of an actual model of relations between the state and religious associations. The author concludes that the Republic of Belarus has made a transition to the identification model of a secular state, in the genetic aspect corresponding to the formula "from secularism to secularity". The results of the research are relevant in the context of search and justification of optimal model parameters of state-confessional relations in Russia.
Egoism as a Manifestation of Man's Antipathy to God
Authors:   Kemerovo State Universit, Kazakov E. F. , Gritskevich T. I. ,   Kemerovo State Universit, Logunova L. Y. ,   Kemerovo State Universit
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that in modern culture, contrary to centuriesold tradition, the concept of “egoism” often has a neutral or even positive meaning. There is a substitution of concepts when individualism, or hedonism, is called egoism. The purpose of the article is to give a stricter definition of the concept of “egoism”. For this purpose, the tasks of comparative analysis of the meanings of single-order concepts bearing synonymy (“I want”, “egoism”, “individualism”, “self-will”, “narcissism”), as well as antonymous (“altruism”, “love”, “self-sacrifice”, “obedience”, “conciliarity”) meanings are solved. The authors proceed from Christian ideas that are most adequate to the national culture. The theoretical and methodological basis was the ideas of Russian (primarily religious) philosophy: the concepts of conciliarity, love, God-humanity, solidarity as the driving force of evolution. Methods of comparative analysis and content-semantic interpretation were used. The material for the study was the texts of Holy Scripture, as well as works of literature and art, which provided illustrative material to substantiate the formulated provisions. It is concluded that in the modern era of the triumph of individualism, growing egoistic intentions lead to the emergence of egoism, which turns a person into an antipode Creator.
Features of Family and Marriage Relations in Late Medieval Transoxiana (Maverannahr) Sufism
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Ismoilov L. E.
Published: April 2024

The article highlights the issue of the institution of the family and family and marriage relations in the late medieval Transoxiana (Maverannahr) narrative sources in the Lives of Muslim saints (manakibs) of the 16th century. In the late medieval period, despite the relative predominance of asceticism, in most cases, family ties began to play an important role in the life of the Sufis. However, strict adherence to the family spiritual heritage was not always respected by successors. Due to the peculiarities of the perception of life by Sufis, the death of one of the children of a Sufi could be perceived as an insignificant event, especially if the deceased during his lifetime did not show much zeal for Sufi ideals. During this period, polygamy spread among the Sufis, so there could be many heirs claiming some part of the spiritual or material heritage of the sheikh. Many women associated physically or spiritually with Sufi circles dedicate their lives to sincere service to the ideals of Sufism. On the other hand, women, especially young ones, are the most vulnerable group of society, including among the Sufis. They could easily become the subject of an offering (niyyaz) to some famous Sufi sheikh, regardless of the age of the latter. Often such "live gifts" sadly ended their lives. Judging by the manakibs that have come down to us, some famous Sufis made obscene remarks about women. These statements in the context of the moral atmosphere of that time were perceived as ordinary and did not cause any condemnation.
TikTok as a Means of Politicizing Youth: The Case of Modern Russia
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Zakharov S. M.
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes how TikTok has become a platform for political content due to ongoing sociopolitical processes in Russia. The study uses behavioral and conflictological methods to understand the influence of TikTok on youth behavior and protest potential. The research aims to evaluate TikTok's role in politicizing youth in modern Russia. The study highlights TikTok's potential as a platform for young people to express their political views, participate in political life, and form their political identity. The author concludes that TikTok's algorithms adapt to the characteristics of contemporary youth, leading to the spread of protest discourse. The authorities are aware of these processes and aim to prevent the development of protest sentiments.
Prerequisites for Ideological Transformations in Modern Post-Industrial Society in the Context of the Development of Industry 4.0
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service EMERCOM Russia, Furs V. A.
Published: April 2024

This article examines the impact of scientific and technological achievements of Industry 4.0 on the perception of political reality in modern society. Using the example of the evolution of classical and modern ideologies, a complex multilevel relationship between industrial revolutions and socio-economic processes that cause qualitative changes in the structure of public consciousness is revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that the intensive development of Industry 4.0 and its uncontrolled integration into the system of public relations can lead to an unprecedented differentiation of society and serve as an impetus for the actualization of reactionary political and ideological trends.
“Respeito muito minhas lágrimas, e muito mais minhas risadas”: artefatos de moda, processos de identificação e construção de Estilo da comunidade Homoerótica Urso/ Bear recifense
Authors: Oliveira Tatalina
Published: April 2024

Em meio à vasta possibilidade de ser evidenciadas no universo gay, uma comunidade, em especial, chama a atenção: Bears ou Ursos. Oriunda dos anos 1980, na cidade de São Francisco (Califórnia), esta comunidade tem como característica mais forte a ressignificação, com consequente valorização da gordura corporal, dos pelos e da homossexualidade masculina a partir de um estilo de vida hipermasculino (Domingos, 2010; Hennen, 2008). A reivindicação daquela que seria a imagem do “macho rústico original” vem acompanhada do consumo de artefatos de moda específicos, que os proporciona uma imagem “heterossexual” e uma circulação em espaços gays ou heteronormativos. Por meio do uso da etnografia e entrevista compreensiva, associadas à uma ampla investigação bibliográfica, com posterior análise de conteúdo, e tendo a cidade do Recife-PE como marco geográfico de estudo, foi possível chegar ao conceito de transitabilidade; à relação de causalidade entre a processos de identificação ursina e às violências de ordem física e simbólica sofridas pelos entrevistados ainda na infância; aos processos rituais de consumo e fruição de artefatos de moda e à ansiedade/medo do escrutínio de seus pares quando da escolha de uma peça “errada” para eventos ursinos.
Lindinhas como sempre: as moças Karajá, suas indumentárias e cuidados com o corpo
Authors: Calçavara Lilian Brandt
Published: April 2024

Apresento neste artigo um pouco do pluriverso das moças Karajá, as ijadòkòma/ ijadòma, a partir de um horizonte colaborativo. Destaco dois rituais que marcam o início e o fim desta fase da juventude: a passagem de “menina grande” para moça, dada a partir da menarca, e o casamento, que marca a saída do período em que se é moça. Em ambas celebrações, falo das indumentárias, pinturas e cuidados com os corpos. Apresento também outros temas que as moças trouxeram à tona, como o uso do celular e os namoros, buscando contextualizar em quais pessoas aquelas indumentárias são utilizadas. Trata-se de um recorte da dissertação “Ijadòkòma itxỹtè: as moças Karajá ‘doidinhas’ e ‘lindas como sempre’” (2019), produzida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Sustentabilidade junto a Povos e Territórios Tradicionais (MESPT), na Universidade de Brasília (UnB), acrescida de novos apontamentos. A metodologia utilizada no trabalho foi a pesquisa-ação, processo no qual elas assumiram o protagonismo das atividades. Além da dissertação, a pesquisa resultou em dois filmes produzidos pelas moças.
Caminhos decoloniais nos estudos de moda: raça, gênero e um conceito em revisão
Authors: Epaminondas Natalia
Published: April 2024

Este artigo examina o surgimento do debate sobre decolonialidade no campo de es- tudos da moda no Brasil. Para tanto, promove uma discussão teórica colocando textos sobre moda em diálogo com outros produzidos a partir do pensamento decolonial. Inicialmente, é feita uma contextualização dos estudos pós-coloniais e decoloniais com base em artigos de Luciana Ballestrin (2013, 2017). Em seguida, são colocados em diálogo a dissertação da pesquisadora em moda Jamile Souza (2021) com textos de pesquisadoras que produzem pensamento decolonial no Brasil, Viviane Vergueiro (2018) e Geni Núñez (2018). Em seguida, analisa-se a primeira publicação acadêmica brasileira a questionar conceitos da moda a partir de teorias advindas de estudos da decolonialidade, de autoria de Heloisa Santos (2020), colocando-a em diálogo com dois artigos da edição Decoloniality and Fashion do jornal acadêmico britânico Fashion Theory; um escrito por Sandra Niessen (2020) e outro por Angela Jansen (2020). As categorias raça e gênero foram identificadas como eixos de intersecção entre os estudos decoloniais e os estudos de moda no Brasil. O tema da revisão do próprio conceito de moda se mostrou importante em alguns textos citados e é analisado neste artigo, bem como seus pontos críticos.
Quadriceps and Hamstrings Activation Peaks Earlier as Athletes Repeatedly Hop, but There are Differences Depending on ACL Reconstruction Technique.
Authors: Einarsson Einar , Barbosa Olivia , Gislason Magnus Kjartan , Briem Kristin , Kotsifaki Argyro , Whiteley Rodney
Published: April 2024

Background

After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) athletes face the challenge of regaining their previous competitive level while avoiding re-injury and early knee joint cartilage degeneration. Quadriceps and hamstrings strength reductions and neuromuscular alterations potentially related to risk of re-injury are present after ACLR and relate to deficits in muscle activation.

Design

Cross-sectional laboratory study

Purpose

To examine quadriceps and hamstrings muscle activation during repeated hops in healthy pivoting-sport athletes and those who had undergone ACLR (bone-tendon-bone and semitendinosus graft) who had met functional criteria allowing return to training.

Methods

Surface electromyography (SEMG) was recorded from vastus medialis and lateralis and medial and lateral hamstrings bilaterally during 30 seconds’ repeated hopping in male athletes on average eight months after ACLR surgery (5-12 months). All patients underwent hamstring (HS) (n=24) or bone-tendon-bone (BTB) reconstruction (n=20) and were compared to healthy controls (n=31). The SEMG signals were normalized to those obtained during maximal voluntary isometric contraction.

Results

A significant time shift in peak muscle activation (earlier) was seen for: vastus medialis and vastus lateralis activation in the control group, in the BTB group’s healthy (but not injured) leg and both legs of the HS group. A significant time shift in peak muscle activation was seen for lateral hamstrings (earlier) in all but the BTB group’s injured leg and the medial hamstrings in the control group only. Lower peak activation levels of the vastus lateralis (p<0.001) and vastus medialis (p<0.001) were observed in the injured compared to healthy legs and lower peak lateral hamstrings activity (p<0.009) in the injured leg compared to control leg. Decline in medial hamstring peak activation (p<0.022) was observed between 1st and 3rd phase of the hop cycle in all groups.

Conclusion

Repeated hop testing revealed quadriceps and hamstring activation differences within ACLR athletes, and compared to healthy controls, that would be missed with single hop tests.

Level of evidence

3
Combined Effects of Glenohumeral Mobilization, Stretching, and Thoracic Manipulation on Shoulder Internal Rotation Range of Motion
Authors: Swanson Brian T , Hagenbruch Marissa , Lapaan Bernardine , Skipalskiy Kirill
Published: April 2024

Background/purpose

Interventions including posterior glenohumeral mobilizations (PGM), sleeper stretches, and thoracic manipulation are commonly used to address posterior shoulder tightness. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of adding thoracic manipulation to PGM and sleeper stretches on passive range of motion (PROM), joint mobility, and infraspinatus electromyographic (EMG) activity in shoulders with decreased internal rotation (IR) PROM.

Design

Randomized Sequential Intervention Laboratory Study

Methods

Forty individuals with clinically significant IR loss attended two study sessions. Participants were randomized to receive five 30 seconds bouts of either grade III PGM or sleeper stretching. Following a seven-day washout period, all participants attended a second session and received a prescriptive supine HVLA manipulation targeting the T3-4 segment, followed by the previously randomized intervention. Outcome measures included internal rotation PROM, horizontal adduction PROM, posterior glenohumeral joint translation assessed via ultrasound imaging, and EMG activity of the infraspinatus during a PGM. All outcome measures were assessed pre- and immediately post-intervention and compared statistically.

Results

There were significant within-group, but not between-group, differences for IR and horizontal adduction PROM following a single session of PGM or sleeper stretch. When combined with thoracic manipulation, significantly smaller within session changes of IR PROM were observed for both PGM (mean difference 4.4, p=0.017) and sleeper stretches (mean difference 6.4, p=0.0005). There were no significant between group differences for horizontal adduction PROM, humeral head translation, or EMG activity across all time points.

Discussion

Both GH posterior mobilizations and sleeper stretches improved IR and horizontal adduction PROM in a single session. The addition of thoracic manipulation prior to local shoulder interventions resulted in smaller gains of both IR and horizontal adduction ROM.

Level of evidence

Level 2
Theories, Principles, and Game Elements that Support Digital Game-Based Language Learning (DGBLL): A Systematic Review
Authors: Esteban Allan Jay
Published: April 2024

The potential of Digital Game-Based Language Learning (DGBLL) in enhancing language learning outcomes has been demonstrated in previous studies. However, some scholars and educators maintain a skeptical perspective regarding its integration into language classrooms. Thus, this paper presents a systematic review examining the integration of DGBLL and its impact on language learning outcomes. This study examines 18 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2023 from Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and ERIC research databases. The review explores relevant theories, principles, and game elements supporting DGBLL. It also investigates the types of digital games developed by both researchers and game developers that have already been studied, the most popular of which is serious games (83%). While the examined studies did not explicitly focus on digital game elements, they acknowledged the pivotal role of certain aspects, such as narrative, goals, rewards, and feedback, in enhancing language learning experiences. Notably, this paper affirms the positive impact of digital games on contextualized vocabulary acquisition, oral communication skills, and grammar learning, compared to conventional language teaching methods. These findings underscore the benefits of DGBLL in language education. Hence, this systematic review looks to reveal the multifaceted dimensions of DGBLL, emphasizing the theories, principles, and game elements of digital games that support the transformative potential of DGBLL for language instruction. Lastly, this paper advocates for an ongoing inquiry into the diversity of game genres and the continual refinement of frameworks to meet the evolving needs of language learners.
Exploring the Challenges and Strategies for Enhancing Biotechnology Instruction in a Modularized Context at University of Rwanda-College of Science and Technology
Authors: Ndikumana Yvonne , Mugabo Leon Rugema , Nsabimana Antoine
Published: April 2024

The globalization of higher education, spearheaded by initiatives like the Bologna Process, has transformed traditional teaching methods, fostering collaboration and interconnectedness among institutions globally. This transformation is evident in Rwanda's higher learning sector, where teaching and learning paradigms have evolved in line with Bologna Process principles. This study delves into the challenges faced by students and lecturers in teaching and learning biotechnology within this framework, and proposes enhancement strategies. Utilising a mixed-method approach, the study examines responses from 111 participants from the University of Rwanda-College of Science and Technology (UR-CST). Data collection involved questionnaires analysed using SPSS, supplemented by insights from focus group interviews and classroom observations. Key findings reveal hurdles that include inadequate facilities, limited connectivity, and weak coordination between academic and administrative bodies. Large class sizes and a lack of awareness regarding diverse learning styles exacerbate challenges. Additionally, time constraints and infrequent assessments hinder effective teaching and learning. To address these issues, the study suggests solutions such as continuous professional development for teachers, optimised time management, and improved laboratory facilities with dedicated personnel. These recommendations aim to enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning in biotechnology, ensuring students receive quality education despite prevailing challenges.
Development of Alternative Thinking Strategy Curriculum Design to Improve Academic, Social and Emotional Competence
Authors: Nirmalasari Nirmalasari , Wahyudin Dinn , Darmawan Deni
Published: April 2024

The majority of curriculum designs focus on academic competencies, and only very few curricular are designed that not only improve academic abilities but also improve students' social emotional and psychological competencies. In this research, the researcher designed an alternative thinking strategy curriculum and investigated its impact in improving students' social emotional competence, psychological health and academic competence. Quasi-experiment design was used involving 30 secondary schools who participated in the study. The research sample was divided into two groups, a control and experimental group, from a random cluster. The experimental group received the alternative thinking strategy curriculum (15 schools) and the control group followed the regular national curriculum (15 schools). The subjects investigated are science and language. Two-level hierarchical linear model analysis was used to investigate the impact of an alternative thinking strategies curriculum. Findings of this research show that alternative thinking strategy curriculum design is not only able to improve students’ social and emotional competence, but is also able to increase students' academic achievements. This can be seen in the average increase in student academic achievement and better student attitudes compared to students in the control group who received the national curriculum intervention. The most superior in providing an impact on each aspect is the cluster with medium frequency or the second cluster (C2). Another cluster shows that the implementation of the alternative thinking strategy curriculum is less than optimal regarding aspects of suitability, quality, responsiveness and reach of the curriculum. This is due to differences in the duration of implementation time. This alternative thinking strategy curriculum design also needs to consider students' cultural aspects related to geographic location. This is important to do as content for intervention in improving students' social and emotional competence.
Artefatos de contabilidade gerencial no setor público: análise dos mecanismos isomórficos à luz da teoria institucional
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Silva Dayvson Ricardo Rufino da
Published: April 2024

A controladoria tem representado um papel de destaque na gestão estratégica das organizações. Nesse aspecto, existem diferentes agentes internos e externos que exercem influência sobre órgãos de controladoria do setor público no sentido de adotarem determinados artefatos e práticas contábeis mais evoluídas. Sendo assim, este artigo teve como objetivo investigar, nas controladorias das prefeituras da Região Metropolitana do Recife (RMR), que artefatos de contabilidade gerencial são predominantes quanto à adoção e uso decorrentes de mecanismos isomórficos encontrados na literatura da teoria institucional. Para tanto se realizou um estudo de cunho exploratório e descritivo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, que se deu por meio de um survey com aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado, das quais se obteve retorno de 40% dos órgãos de controle das prefeituras da RMR abordados na pesquisa. Os dados coletados foram analisados com base em técnicas de estatística descritiva, de modo que os resultados obtidos revelam que, dos artefatos investigados, quanto ao uso predominam: orçamento; custeio padrão; planejamento estratégico; e custeio baseado em atividades, dentre os tradicionais e modernos, cujas escolhas foram mais associadas aos mecanismos isomórficos do tipo coercitivo e normativo do que ao mimético, segundo a visão dos respondentes das controladorias municipais da RMR.
O impacto da pandemia de Covid-19 no capital de giro e a previsão de insolvência das companhias brasileiras do subsetor de hotéis e restaurantes
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Silva Lorena Melo Martins da , Santos Sergio Gouveia ,   Fucape Business School, Santos Raidan Iago dos ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Silva Valdemir da ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas
Published: April 2024

Este estudo busca analisar a gestão financeira de curto prazo das empresas do setor de hotéis e restaurantes listados na B3 através do modelo Fleuriet e sua capacidade para analisar a possibilidade de insolvência das entidades. A pesquisa classifica-se como descritiva, documental e quantitativa, uma vez que foram coletados dados secundários das empresas do subsetor de hotéis e restaurantes entre o 1° trimestre de 2018 e o 1° trimestre de 2021 na base de dados da Economática®. Dessa forma, com o uso de análises descritivas e gráficas, utilizaram-se as variáveis do modelo Fleuriet, que são a Necessidade de Capital de Giro (NCG), o Capital de Giro (CDG) e o Saldo de Tesouraria (ST), além do modelo de previsão de insolvência proposto por Prado et al. (2018). Os resultados evidenciados demonstram que, por meio do modelo dinâmico de Fleuriet, todas as empresas, em divergentes trimestres, apresentaram uma situação financeira indesejada no ano de 2020, ratificando o impacto da Covid-19 em suas operações. Portanto, a importância de a sociedade conhecer o impacto que esses segmentos tiveram no momento pandêmico é eminente, pois essas informações são de bastante relevância para os usuários externos às organizações, fortalecendo o poder de tomada de decisões destes.
Análise dos setores da economia em meio a pandemia sob a perspectiva da bolsa de valores
Authors:   Fatec Osasco, Medeiros Marcos Vinicius , Murakami Larissa Ribeiro ,   Fatec Osasco, Santos Fernando de Almeida ,   PUC-SP e FATEC_Osasco
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar os setores da economia que mais se sobressaíram em meio à pandemia da Covid-19 de 2020, doença causada pelo vírus Sars-Cov-2. Foi realizada análise da variação dos preços das ações das companhias listadas na bolsa de valores de São Paulo, a B3. A pesquisa abordou 193 empresas no período de janeiro de 2016 até dezembro de 2020 e selecionados os segmentos com maior número de empresas que obtiveram as maiores valorizações. O período inicial da análise deste trabalho foi determinado com o intuito de que se tivesse um amplo período, anos antes da pandemia, a fim de verificar a variação do mercado. As análises das variações se deram a partir de um material extraído da própria B3 e consolidado por setor e subsetor, utilizando a rentabilidade das cotações. Ao final, foi possível identificar que no segmento de Materiais Básicos, se sobressaiu dentre todos os demais analisados no período indicado com uma variação positiva de 159,51%, além de uma variação positiva de 50,21% entre o segundo trimestre de 2020 e o quarto trimestre de 2020. Outra importante constatação foi a apresentação da variação positiva do subsetor Agropecuária, sendo o único que obteve um resultado positivo durante o anúncio de situação pandêmica no mundo, com uma variação positiva de 6,11% entre o primeiro trimestre de 2020 e segundo trimestre de 2020.