bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing approaches to converting large high schools into smaller units
Authors: Levine Thomas H
Published: July 2011

Scholars and reformers in the United States have called for converting large high schools into smaller units to provide a more effective, personal, and culturally responsive education for all students. Current literature argues that such ‘conversion high schools’ should break into fully autonomous small schools rather than more interdependent smaller learning communities (SLCs). In contrast to existing recommendations, this comparative case study identifies four potential advantages of interdependent SLCs. A longitudinal study of teacher collaboration and teaching practices conducted over two years at two conversion high schools suggests that retaining a degree of interdependence among sub-units in conversion high schools may: support teaching and learning of specific academic subjects; promote more learning from other subunits on the campus of the high school; reduce the stress and chaos that accompany high school conversion; and offer more support for new teachers.
Politics and principals: Beginning black teachers’ perceptions of relationships with administrators in 21st-century schools
Authors: Williams Ereka , Johnson Melanie
Published: July 2011

Historically, African American teachers have been the foundation of effective teaching for African American learners and for others in public schools before and after the landmark Brown versus Board decision. The ability of these teachers to do the work necessary to continue this legacy in the post-Brown era appears to be difficult in current teaching environments across the country. While this struggle persists, the profession at large maintains a stated interest in increasing the number of ‘diverse’ teachers in the general population. The consistently declining numbers of African American teachers coupled with high stakes testing, and the subsequent demanding nature of 21st-century classrooms point to a challenging work environment for most, especially the novice or beginning African American teacher. This article reports the findings of a three-year qualitative study of first year African American teachers in the 21st century. Overall findings emphasize the impact of school administrative practices on the performance of beginning black teachers. The necessity of those responsible for leading schools to be responsive to the needs of these teachers is highlighted.
The Supplementary Pension Fund Register
Authors: Hansen Johnni , Lassen Christina Funch
Published: July 2011

Introduction: Information on individual long-term work history is often required in occupational studies of diseases. Content: The Supplementary Pension Fund Register has kept individual information on all employments, including start and end, on a company level backdating to 1964 for all wage earners in Denmark. Based on the computerised information, which also includes the unique personal identification number, it is possible to link information on employment history to information on individuals in nationwide registers of diseases. Validity and coverage: Membership is compulsory and controlled by the Danish authorities, therefore information is considered to be accurate and complete. Conclusion: This register is unique and of high value in occupational epidemiology.
The Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register
Authors: Mors Ole , Perto Gurli P. , Mortensen Preben Bo
Published: July 2011

Introduction: The Psychiatric Central Research Register (PCRR) has continued since 1970 with electronic registration of patients treated at psychiatric departments in Denmark. Content: The register contains dates of onset and end of any treatment; all diagnoses; type of referral; place of treatment; municipality of residence; mode of admission. Validity and coverage: Systematic studies validating the clinical diagnoses do not exist. However, several studies have validated specific diagnoses. The nationwide registration of severe mental disorders is almost complete. However, most cases with mild to moderate mental disorders are diagnosed and treated by general practitioners or specialists in psychiatry working in private practice and are thus not registered in the PCRR. Conclusion: The PCRR is a valuable tool in national health planning and in epidemiological research.
Research on the Danish Longitudinal Survey of Children (DALSC) at the Danish National Centre for Social Research
Authors: Ottosen Mai Heide
Published: July 2011

Introduction: This article reviews research results obtained using the Danish Longitudinal Survey of Children born in 1995 (DALSC), which is placed at SFI, the Danish National Centre for Social Research. DALSC aims to gain insight into children’s growing-up conditions in contemporary society. DALSC consists of three subsamples: (1) children of Danish mothers; (2) children of ethnic minority mothers; and (3) children in out-of-home care. Four waves of data collections have been carried out since 1996. Being designed with the purpose of obtaining rich and detailed information about children’s development and family life, register data was not connected to DALSC before 2006. Research topics: By using three categories of children as examples (ethnic minority children, vulnerable children, and children in out-of-home care), the article shows how register data gradually has gained ground in research upon children’s health conditions. Conclusion: We expect to see a more extensive use of administrative registers as basis for the analyses in future research.
Occupation and cancer risk by use of Danish registers
Authors: Hansen Johnni , Lassen Christina Funch
Published: July 2011

Introduction: Based on evidence from animal experiments and case reports, certain occupational exposures may contribute to yet undetected cancer risk in humans. Since traditional epiemiological studies are time consuming, the use of existing information from registers may facilitate the research process. Due to the existence of a unique personal identification number (CPR-number), a national cancer register operating since 1943, a nationwide pension fund scheme with compulsory membership for all employees covering long-term individual employment history, and sometimes with addition of information from external sources, e.g. interviews or job exposure matrices, it is possible to conduct large nationwide studies of occupational exposures and cancer risk in Denmark. Research topics: In this review we give three examples of cancer studies of widespread occupational exposures: formaldehyde, night shift work, and bitumen. Conclusion: Results from register-based studies have contributed to the now-existing evidence on occupational exposures and risk of cancer.
Database on Danish population-based registers for public health and welfare research
Authors: Sortsø Camilla , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Brønnum-Hansen Henrik
Published: July 2011

Population-based studies with information from registers can take place in Denmark due to linkage between registers at the individual level by means of a unique personal identification number (CPR-number), which all persons with residence in Denmark have. Registers with information on health can be linked to other population registers containing information on, for example, transfer payments, education, housing, income, and socioeconomic position. This article introduces a database and search engine, which is available for public health and welfare researchers as an aid to seek information on the content of important Danish registers.
Introduction to Danish (nationwide) registers on health and social issues: Structure, access, legislation, and archiving
Authors: Thygesen Lau Caspar , Daasnes Camilla , Thaulow Ivan , Brønnum-Hansen Henrik
Published: July 2011

Danish registers contain information on many important health and social issues. Because all Danish citizens have a unique personal identification number, linkage at the individual level between these nationwide registers and other data sources is possible and feasible. In this paper we briefly introduce selected Danish registers and the data structure and requirements for getting access to data at Statistics Denmark, which is the main provider of register data. We introduce the Danish Data Archive and briefly present the Act on Processing of Personal Data, which is the legal foundation for analyses of register-based data in Denmark.
Danish registers on aspects of reproduction
Authors: Tølbøll Blenstrup Lene , Knudsen Lisbeth B.
Published: July 2011

Introduction: The establishing of three Danish population-based registers, namely the Fertility Database, the Register of Legally Induced Abortions, and the In Vitro Fertilisation register, aimed at providing data for surveying of reproductive outcome. Content: The registers include information on births, abortions, and assisted reproduction as well as selected characteristics of the women (and men) involved. Validity and coverage: Both the validity and coverage of each register are considered of high quality. Conclusion: These registers provide, both individually and in combination, unique opportunities for undertaking detailed and comprehensive research in the field of reproduction.
Danish registers on personal labour market affiliation
Authors: Petersson Flemming , Baadsgaard Mikkel , Thygesen Lau Caspar
Published: July 2011

Introduction: Statistics Denmark has a number of registers about labour market affiliation, which includes information on employees, establishments and the relation between employees and establishments. Content: The registers describe a person’s attachment to the labour market, information on the establishments and information on the relations between persons and establishments. The registers presented either include information at one specific point in time each year (end of November) or during the year. Validity and coverage: Both the validity and coverage of the registers are considered to be high. Conclusion: These registers provide valuable information on personal labour market affiliation and can be used to study determinants and consequences of labour market affiliation.
Enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin and gemcitabine in Brca1-deficient murine mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Alli Elizabeth , Sharma Vandana B , Hartman Anne-Renee , Lin Patrick S , McPherson Lisa , Ford James M
Published: July 2011

Background

Breast cancers due to germline mutations or altered expression of the BRCA1 gene associate with an aggressive clinical course and frequently exhibit a "triple-negative" phenotype, i.e. lack of expression of the estrogen and progesterone hormone receptors and lack of overexpression of the HER2/NEU oncogene, thereby rendering them relatively insensitive to hormonal manipulation and targeted HER2 therapy, respectively. BRCA1 plays a role in multiple DNA repair pathways, and thus, when mutated, results in sensitivity to certain DNA damaging drugs.

Results

Here, we used a Brca1 murine mammary epithelial cell (MMEC) model to examine the effect of loss of Brca1 on cellular sensitivity to various chemotherapy drugs. To explore novel therapeutic strategies, we included DNA damaging and non-DNA damaging drugs whose mechanisms are dependent and independent of DNA repair, respectively, and drugs that are used in standard and non-standard lines of therapy for breast cancer. To understand the cellular mechanism, we also determined the role that DNA repair plays in sensitivity to these drugs. We found that cisplatin and gemcitabine had the greatest specific therapeutic benefit to Brca1-deficient MMECs, and that when used in combination produced a synergistic effect. This sensitivity may be attributed in part to defective NER, which is one of the DNA repair pathways normally responsible for repairing DNA adducts produced by cisplatin and is shown in this study to be defective in Brca1-deficient MMECs. Brca1-deficient MMECs were not differentially sensitive to the standard breast cancer chemotherapy drugs doxorubicin, docetaxel or 5-FU.

Conclusions

Both cisplatin and gemcitabine should be explored in clinical trials for first line regimens for BRCA1-associated and triple-negative breast cancer.
Interplay between Wnt2 and Wnt2bb controls multiple steps of early foregut-derived organ development
Authors: Poulain Morgane , Ober Elke A.
Published: July 2011

The vertebrate liver, pancreas and lung arise in close proximity from the multipotent foregut endoderm. Tissue-explant experiments uncovered instructive signals emanating from the neighbouring lateral plate mesoderm, directing the endoderm towards specific organ fates. This suggested that an intricate network of signals is required to control the specification and differentiation of each organ. Here, we show that sequential functions of Wnt2bb and Wnt2 control liver specification and proliferation in zebrafish. Their combined specific activities are essential for liver specification, as their loss of function causes liver agenesis. Conversely, excess wnt2bb or wnt2 induces ectopic liver tissue at the expense of pancreatic and anterior intestinal tissues, revealing the competence of intestinal endoderm to respond to hepatogenic signals. Epistasis experiments revealed that the receptor frizzled homolog 5 (fzd5) mediates part of the broader hepatic competence of the alimentary canal. fzd5 is required for early liver formation and interacts genetically with wnt2 as well as wnt2bb. In addition, lack of both ligands causes agenesis of the swim bladder, the structural homolog of the mammalian lung. Thus, tightly regulated spatiotemporal expression of wnt2bb, wnt2 and fzd5 is central to coordinating early liver, pancreas and swim bladder development from a multipotent foregut endoderm.
Ascl1 expression defines a subpopulation of lineage-restricted progenitors in the mammalian retina
Authors: Brzezinski Joseph A. , Kim Euiseok J. , Johnson Jane E. , Reh Thomas A.
Published: July 2011

The mechanisms of cell fate diversification in the retina are not fully understood. The seven principal cell types of the neural retina derive from a population of multipotent progenitors during development. These progenitors give rise to multiple cell types concurrently, suggesting that progenitors are a heterogeneous population. It is thought that differences in progenitor gene expression are responsible for differences in progenitor competence (i.e. potential) and, subsequently, fate diversification. To elucidate further the mechanisms of fate diversification, we assayed the expression of three transcription factors made by retinal progenitors: Ascl1 (Mash1), Ngn2 (Neurog2) and Olig2. We observed that progenitors were heterogeneous, expressing every possible combination of these transcription factors. To determine whether this progenitor heterogeneity correlated with different cell fate outcomes, we conducted Ascl1- and Ngn2-inducible expression fate mapping using the CreER™/LoxP system. We found that these two factors gave rise to markedly different distributions of cells. The Ngn2 lineage comprised all cell types, but retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were exceedingly rare in the Ascl1 lineage. We next determined whether Ascl1 prevented RGC development. Ascl1-null mice had normal numbers of RGCs and, interestingly, we observed that a subset of Ascl1+ cells could give rise to cells expressing Math5 (Atoh7), a transcription factor required for RGC competence. Our results link progenitor heterogeneity to different fate outcomes. We show that Ascl1 expression defines a competence-restricted progenitor lineage in the retina, providing a new mechanism to explain fate diversification.
Multiple O-glucosylation sites on Notch function as a buffer against temperature-dependent loss of signaling
Authors: Leonardi Jessica , Fernandez-Valdivia Rodrigo , Li Yi-Dong , Simcox Amanda A. , Jafar-Nejad Hamed
Published: July 2011

Mutations in Drosophila rumi result in a temperature-sensitive loss of Notch signaling. Rumi is a protein O-glucosyltransferase that adds glucose to EGF repeats with a C-X-S-X-P-C consensus sequence. Eighteen of the 36 EGF repeats in the Drosophila Notch receptor contain the consensus O-glucosylation motif. However, the contribution of individual O-glucose residues on Notch to the regulation of Notch signaling is not known. To address this issue, we carried out a mutational analysis of these glucosylation sites and determined their effects on Notch activity in vivo. Our results indicate that even though no single O-glucose mutation causes a significant decrease in Notch activity, all of the glucose residues on Notch contribute in additive and/or redundant fashions to maintain robust signaling, especially at higher temperatures. O-glucose motifs in and around the ligand-binding EGF repeats play a more important role than those in other EGF repeats of Notch. However, a single O-glucose mutation in EGF12 can be compensated by other O-glucose residues in neighboring EGF repeats. Moreover, timecourse cell aggregation experiments using a rumi null cell line indicate that a complete lack of Rumi does not affect Notch-Delta binding at high temperature. In addition, rumi fully suppresses the gain-of-function phenotype of a ligand-independent mutant form of Notch. Our data suggest that, at physiological levels of Notch, the combined effects of multiple O-glucose residues on this receptor allow productive S2 cleavage at high temperatures and thereby serve as a buffer against temperature-dependent loss of Notch signaling.
Recovery of gastric evacuation rate in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L surgically implanted with a dummy telemetry device
Authors: Behrens J W , Gräns A , Andersen N G , Neuenfeldt S , Axelsson M
Published: July 2011

The current study investigated how the gastric evacuation rate (GER) was affected after surgically introducing dummies of a blood flow biotelemetry system into the abdominal cavity of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Gastric evacuation experiments were performed two and 10 days postsurgery on surgically implanted and control G. morhua force-fed sandeel, Ammodytes tobianus. The results were compared with previously obtained estimates from unstressed conspecifics voluntarily feeding on a similar diet. After two days, GER was significantly lower in the group of fish with the dummy implants compared with the control group, but following 10 days of recovery no significant difference was seen between the two groups. The difference between implanted and control fish observed two days postsurgery may have resulted either from surgery, postsurgical stress and/or the presence of the implant. The conclusion is that 10 days of postsurgical recovery will stabilize GER in G. morhua, thus indicating that at this point the implant per se did not affect GER. Both the fish with surgical implants and controls in this study evacuated their stomachs much slower and with much higher interindividual variation compared with G. morhua feeding voluntarily on similar prey items. The lower GER and higher interindividual variation for force-fed fish indicate that handling, anaesthetization and force-feeding impair GER and that individual fish respond differently to the suppressing effects.
Cross-Selling the Right Product to the Right Customer at the Right Time
Authors: Li Shibo , Sun Baohong , Montgomery Alan L
Published: July 2011

Firms are challenged to improve the effectiveness of cross-selling campaigns. The authors propose a customer-response model that recognizes the evolvement of customer demand for various products; the possible multifaceted roles of cross-selling solicitations for promotion, advertising, and education; and customer heterogeneous preference for communication channels. They formulate cross-selling campaigns as solutions to a stochastic dynamic programming problem in which the firm's goal is to maximize the long-term profit of its existing customers while taking into account the development of customer demand over time and the multistage role of cross-selling promotion. The model yields optimal cross-selling strategies for how to introduce the right product to the right customer at the right time using the right communication channel. Applying the model to panel data with cross-selling solicitations provided by a national bank, the authors demonstrate that households have different preferences and responsiveness to cross-selling solicitations. In addition to generating immediate sales, cross-selling solicitations also help households move faster along the financial continuum (educational role) and build up goodwill (advertising role). A decomposition analysis shows that the educational effect (83%) largely dominates the advertising effect (15%) and instantaneous promotional effect (2%). The cross-selling solicitations resulting from the proposed framework are more customized and dynamic and improve immediate response rate by 56%, long-term response rate by 149%, and long-term profit by 177%.
The Influence of Friends on Consumer Spending: The Role of Agency–Communion Orientation and Self-Monitoring
Authors: Kurt Didem , Inman J. Jeffrey , Argo Jennifer J.
Published: July 2011

Four studies investigate the interactive influence of the presence of an accompanying friend and a consumer's agency–communion orientation on the consumer's spending behaviors. In general, the authors find that shopping with a friend can be expensive for agency-oriented consumers (e.g., males) but not for communion-oriented consumers (e.g., females). That is, consumers who are agency oriented spend significantly more when they shop with a friend (vs. when they shop alone), whereas this effect is attenuated for consumers who are communion oriented. The results also show that this interactive effect is moderated by individual differences in self-monitoring such that friends are especially influential for consumers who are high in self-monitoring, but the effects occur in opposite directions for agency- and communion-oriented consumers (i.e., agentic consumers spend more with a friend, while communal consumers spend less when accompanied by a friend). Finally, the authors test the underlying process and document that the interaction of agency–communion orientation, the presence of a friend, and self-monitoring is reversed when the focal context is changed from “spending for the self” to “donating to a charity.” They conclude with a discussion of implications for research and practice.
Elevated Oxidative Damage in Kitchen Workers in Chinese Restaurants
Authors: Wang Jiajia , Luo Xiaolin , Xu Bin , Wei June , Zhang Zhenzhen , Zhu Huilian
Published: July 2011

Elevated Oxidative Damage in Kitchen Workers in Chinese Restaurants: Jiajia Wang, et al. School of Public Health, Sun Yat‐Sen University, China—

Objectives

To investigate associations between occupational exposure to cooking oil fumes (COFs) and potential oxidative and genotoxic effects in kitchen workers.

Methods

Sixty‐seven male kitchen workers and 43 male controls from Chinese restaurants in Guangzhou were recruited. For all the participants, the levels of 1‐hydroxypyrene (1‐OHP) and 8‐hydroxy2‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxodG) in urine, binucleated micronucleus (BNMN) frequency, comet tail length and tail DNA% in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were measured. The inhalable particulates (PM10) in their workplaces were also monitored.

Results

Our results showed that the exposed group had a significantly higher median level of urinary 1‐OHP than that of the control group (p<0.01). In addition, the median levels of 8‐oxodG, BNMNs, tail length and MDA in the exposed group were markedly higher than those of the controls (p<0.01). These differences, except that of MDA, appeared not to be modified by the potential confounders: age, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption. A univariate regression analysis showed that greater 1‐OHP, 8‐oxodG, BNMNs, tail length and MDA were associated with years working in a kitchen and cooking time per day. All these positive associations remained after adjusting for the four confounders in a subsequent multivariate linear regression analysis.

Conclusions

Occupational exposure to COFs led to increased oxidative damage in Chinese kitchen workers. The health consequences of these oxidative changes need further investgation. Urinary 1‐OHP and 8‐oxodG are noninvasive and effective biomarkers for assessment of oxidative damage in restaurants workers.
‘What You Do is Important But How You Do it is More Important’
Authors: Neville Isaacs Anton , Pepper Hugh , Pyett Priscilla , Gruis Hilton A. , Waples‐Crowe Peter , Oakley‐Browne Mark A.
Published: July 2011

Evidence on the methods followed by non‐Indigenous researchers for conducting research that involves Indigenous people in Australia is sparse. This paper describes the methodology and steps followed by a non‐Indigenous researcher for engaging with men from an Aboriginal community in rural Victoria in conducting mental health services research. It describes the process adopted to initiate research and build research capacity within an Indigenous community where Indigenous researchers were unavailable and the local communities were ill‐equipped to conduct research themselves. The methodology followed was informed by the values and ethics guidelines of the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, the decolonising methodology of Linda Tuhiwai Smith as well as methods suggested by other authors. Lessons learnt included providing for a long time frame, which is necessary to develop relationships and trust with individuals and their Communities, adopting a flexible approach and engaging cultural advisers who represent different sections of the Community.
Challenges of Globalization: How Bangladesh Can Adapt Itself to Reap the Best Benefits in the 21st Century
Authors: Hussain Sharif Md Abul
Published: July 2011

The study investigates specific information regarding the challenges of globalization faced by Bangladesh and how it should prepare itself to coup with the challenges. The result suggest that Bangladesh is not in comfort in coping with the winds of globalization, as it has less access to and use of different opportunities living at the margin in the hierarchies of global order with low technological base, poor infrastructures and governance in most arenas. The study also suggest that Bangladesh needs to be engaged with all its development partners in a healthy and constructive process of interaction on stabilization, reform programme and other critical issues like national capacity building, competitiveness, political stability, cross border terrorism, arms and drug trafficking, climate change and environmental degradation. The policy implication is that various economic policy orientation and utilization of resources should be as such that they can supplement economic growth in a sustainable manner and create avenues for employment. KEY WORDS: Benefit; Environment; Globalization; Governance; Infrastructure; Poverty; Population; Policy; Political stability; Resource DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mist.v3i0.8052
Modeling of Photoelastic Constant Dependent on Arbitrary Crystal Orientation
Authors: Pinky Lubna Jahan Rashid , Ahmed Abu Naim Rakib
Published: July 2011

A mathematical model is proposed to determine the photoelastic constants in arbitrary crystal orientation of Zincblende crystal structure. Tensor rotation technique is applied using Euler’s rotation theorem to develop the model. The model is applicable to evaluate photoelastic constants in terms of P11-P12 and P44 in any crystal plane by controlling the rotation angle using the model. P11-P12 and P44 are calculated for Silicon crystal and found that the values of these constants are strongly dependent on crystal orientations. The outcome of this research enables us to evaluate quantitative amount of strain in polycrystalline silicon material (solar cell material) using Scanning Infrared Polariscope. KEY WORDS - . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mist.v3i0.8055
Diffuser and Nozzle Design Optimization by Entropy Generation Minimization
Authors: Schmandt Bastian , Herwig Heinz
Published: July 2011

Diffusers and nozzles within a flow system are optimized with respect to their wall shapes for a given change in cross sections. The optimization target is a low value of the head loss coefficient K, which can be linked to the overall entropy generation due to the conduit component. First, a polynomial shape of the wall with two degrees of freedom is assumed. As a second approach six equally spaced diameters in a diffuser are determined by a genetic algorithm such that the entropy generation and thus the head loss is minimized. It turns out that a visualization of cross section averaged entropy generation rates along the flow path should be used to identify sources of high entropy generation before and during the optimization. Thus it will be possible to decide whether a given parametric representation of a component’s shape only leads to a redistribution of losses or (in the most-favored case) to minimal values for K.
Le puits de la Maison de Vénus et autres puits de Mactar (Tunisie)
Authors: Bourgeois Claude
Published: July 2011

The Mactar site consists presently often wells including the House of Venus one rummaged in September 1980. These wells have a remarkable variety, however less by their types than by the buildings they provide for. Only two, indeed, are self-governing and public, the eight others belong to a private house, a sanctuary, some public baths, a schola and some military buildings. With respect to the architecture, if it shows several kinds of curbstones, they are always erected on the same laying of big height which opens on the same chimney of irregular average height with stairs of putlog-holes : in these useful constructions, geology compels, level of the ground water and quality of the building material. Besides for this reason, dating them is not easy : the oldest one can be from the numide time, the two latest ones are byzantine ; as for the other ones, we cannot always precise in which condition of the monument they depend of which, we must connect them.
Successions et héritiers à travers les données fiscales
Authors: Arrondel Luc , Laferrère Anne
Published: July 2011

Successions et héritiers à travers les données fiscales,

par Luc Arrondel, Anne Laferrère.

L'article décrit les comportements des Français en matière d'héritage à partir d'un échantillon de 3 200 déclarations de successions enregistrées par les services fiscaux en 1987, qui correspondent à la transmission de 125 millions de francs par 263 000 personnes, soit la moitié des défunts de l'année. La succession augmente avec le revenu du foyer fiscal du défunt. Son élasticité par rapport au revenu est inférieure à 1 chez les 80% les plus pauvres en revenu et supérieure à l'unité chez les plus riches. Le montant global de la succession est supérieur en présence d'enfants. Il n'y a pas substitution entre l'héritage matériel et l'héritage en capital humain tel qu'il est approché par la catégorie sociale ou par le revenu de l'enfant héritier (anti-compensation des ressources). Au contraire, les héritages les plus élevés vont aux enfants les mieux dotés. Cette absence de compensation s'observe aussi dans les cas où la succession est effectivement partagée inégalement entre les enfants (7% des cas).
Coïntégration et modèles dynamiques
Authors: d'Autume Antoine
Published: July 2011

Cointegración y modelos dinámicos,

por Antoine d'Autume.

Las propiedades de integración y de cointegración reflejan las propiedades dinámicas importantes de los modelos macroeconómicos, que se trata de explicar detalladamente en este artículo, hatiendo resaltar la estrecha correspondentia que existe entre propiedades deterministas, relativas a las tasas de crecimiento, y propiedades estocásticas. Este análisis va seguido de una reflexión general acerca de las causas de aparición de raíces unitarias en los modelos macroeconómicos.
Structure par terme des taux d'intérêt et reprise économique
Authors: Artus Patrick , Kaabi Moncef
Published: July 2011

The Term-by-Term Structure of Interest Rates and Economic Recovery,

by Patrick Artus and Moncef Kaabi.

We examine the validity of the theory by which economic recovery is always preceded by an upturn in the term-by-term interest-rate structure curve. We study the data for the leading countries and compare them with information derived from a simple theoretical model, which introduces a number of possibilities for shocks leading to an increase in real activity.
Taux de sortie du chômage à l'approche de la fin des droits à l'indemnisation. Une étude de périodes atypiques durant l'épisode de chômage
Authors: Joutard Xavier , Ruggiero Michèle
Published: July 2011

The Rate of Exits from Unemployment Towards the End of Unemployment Benefits A Study of Atypical Periods During the Unemployment Episode,

by Xavier Joutard and Michèle Ruggiero.

This article looks at the imminence of benefit-scheme changes, using the June 1989 Fichier national des allocataires (French national file of welfare recipients). It is considered that the period around a scheme change is an atypical period in the unemployment episode. Duration models are estimated over these particular time intervals. The aim is to identify the characteristics of individuals whose rate of exit from unemployment increases as a drop in replacement income draws near.
La méthode d'évaluation contingente : application à la qualité des eaux littorales
Authors: Bonnieux François , Le Goffe Philippe , Vermersch Dominique
Published: July 2011

Die Methode der Kontingenzanalyse: eine Anwendung auf die Qualität der Küstengewässer,

von François Bonnieux, Philippe Le Goffe, Dominique Vermesch.

Es wird an den historischen Kontext erinnert, in dem die Méthode der Kontingenzanalyse entwickelt wurde, wobei die treibende Kraft der Nachfrage durch die Behörden sowie der Aktionen gegen die Verantwortlichen von Umweltschäden hervorgehoben wird. Die Anwendung dieser Méthode wird zunächst in einem allgemeinen Rahmen diskutiert, wobei das Interesse dem Begriff des hypothetischen Szenarios mit den sich daraus ergebenden Verzerrungen und den Techniken der Präferenzoffenbarungen gilt. Danach wird die Méthode anhand einer Fallstudie, und zwar über die Verbesserung der Qualität der Küstengewässer veranschaulicht. Hierbei stützt man sich auf das Beispiel der Reede von Brest und auf die Ergebnisse einer Erhebung, die bei 607 Personen im Sommer 1993 durchgeführt wurde. Zwei Szenarien werden untersucht; das erste betrifft die Verbesserung der Gewässerqualität und das zweite den Schutz des Ökosystems in der Reede vor der Eutrophierung. Mit der Zahlung eines Beitrages für die Gewässerqualität wären 75% der befragten Personen und für das Ökosystem 49% einverstanden. Für jedes Gut ist ein Tobit-Modell über die Zahlungsbereitschaft erstellt worden. Die bedeutendsten erklärenden Variablen sind das Geschlecht, das Einkommen, der Ausbildungsgrad oder der Beruf, die Sensibilität für Umweltfragen, die Einstellung gegenüber der Wasserqualität und das Betreiben von Freizeittätigkeiten.
Un enclos funéraire gallo-romain à Bagnols-en-Forêt (Var)
Authors: Béraud Isabelle , Brun Jean-Pierre , Gébara Chérine
Published: July 2011

Construction work carried out in the locality known as La Bégude in the district of Bagnols-en-Forêt has revealed the existence of a burial ground containing 5 cremations and inhumations. The enclosure, whih can be dated back to the second half of the first century A.D., is not associated with any particular site, but several villae have been identified in the vicinity.
Marseille et la fides de Rome
Authors: Roman Danièle
Published: July 2011

In 125 B.C., the Greek city of Marseilles which was too weak to fight alone against the barbarians called Rome, its long lasting allied for military aid. Rome then was to settle permanently in southern Gaul. For several reasons, this widely admitted interpretation of the events should be doubted. For the Romans, people of the fides, respectful of their alliances and of the gods, found there a moral means of conquering a territory which they had coveted for a long time. Such a mechanism of triggering the war had proved to be very useful in the past and was to be used again in other places.
Répertoire topo-bibliographique des centuriations de Narbonnaise
Authors: Chouquer Gérard
Published: July 2011

This article aims at listing the centuriations in the Narbonnaise by mentioning the name of its inventor, the module (size), the location and surface of each of them; an introduction explains the methods, results but also the deficiencies, difficulties and the future prospects.
Un lot céramique du Bas-Empire sur le site du Bivan (L'Albenc - Isère)
Authors: Ayala Grégoire
Published: July 2011

L'analyse d'un lot céramique, provenant d'une fosse de rejet en marge d'un secteur de bâtiments du site du Bivan (Isère), a

permis d'offrir un «bon instantané» de la consommation d'un habitat au milieu du TV s. De cette analyse exhaustive du matériel (avec

traitement par fluorescence X d'échantillons de sigillée claire B et luisante en laboratoire), il ressort que l'approvisionnement s'effectuait

principalement à moyenne distance (Vallée du Rhône et Savoie).

Etablie sur des critères morphologiques et techniques, la méthode de traitement appliquée de manière expérimentale aux céramiques

communes a donné l'occasion d'aborder cette catégorie de mobilier, souvent largement majoritaire dans les lots céramiques mais cependant

mal connue et donc mal datée.

On espère ainsi amoindrir les lacunes relatives aux productions céramiques régionales durant la période tardive de l'Empire.
Les peintures murales de « Villa Roma » à Nimes (Gard)
Authors: Sabrié Maryse , Sabrié Raymond , Piskorz Michel
Published: July 2011

A rescue archaeological operation on the site of « Villa Roma » at Nîmes brought to light, in 1994, the vestiges of a district of the ancient town in the vicinity of the Augusteum. Large areas of paintings, dating from the 1st and 2nd cent. A. D., were found in position on the walls of 14 houses and a public building. Their chronological evolution, in which it is possible to distinguish three phases, reflects the changes in the social level of the inhabitants, a strong decrease in quality being typical of the murals preceding the abandonment of the district. Among the most remarkable works, the painting with « Grotesque figures » (circa 35-45 A. D.) comprises a predella where comical dwarfs are engaged in parodying the heroes of mythology.
La faune tardive du port de Marseille (Ve au VIIe s. ap. J.-C.). D'après les fouilles de La Bourse (1980-1981)
Authors: Leguilloux Martine
Published: July 2011

A la suite de travaux consacrés aux époques récentes de la Bourse à Marseille, ceux de L. Jourdan sur la faune des IIIe - Ve s. ap. J.-C. et ceux qui ont fait connaître, notamment dans la Revue Archéologique de Narbonnaise, un matériel archéologique de lAntiquité tardive (Ve- VIIe s. ap. J.-C), le présent article publie les vestiges de faune du même site datables des Ve -VIIe s. ap. J.- C. et attestant des usages alimentaires ou artisanaux (pelleterie, tannerie).
Signes de la romanisation
Authors: Feugère Michel , Passelac Michel , Pellecuer Christophe , Garmy Pierre , Mauné Stéphane , Fiches Jean-Luc , Monteil Martial , Bessac Jean-Claude , Roth-Congès Anne , De Chazelles Claire-Anne , Sabrié Maryse , Sabrié Raymond , Bel Valérie
Published: July 2011

Cette chronique, qui résulte d'un travail d'équipe, rassemble les analyses d'une douzaine de chercheurs sur le regard que portent les archéologues sur les « signes de la romanisation » en Gaule du Sud. Il s'agit moins, ici, de s'interroger sur le processus lui- même, dans ses différentes acceptions culturelle, politique. . . etc. — que de rechercher, dans la documentation disponible aujourd'hui et, plus largement, dans les travaux de la dernière décennie, quelles sont les sources mises à la disposition de l'historien par l'archéologie. De l'occupation du sol aux rites funéraires, les auteurs ont donc pris l'exemple de leur démarche particulière pour faire le point des acquis, des limites documentaires et des problématiques en cours.
Une nouvelle dédicace de T(itus) Carisius, praetor Volcarum, près d'Ugernum (Beaucaire, Gard)
Authors: Christol Michel , Fiches Jean-Luc , Gascó Jean , Michelozzi André
Published: July 2011

La préture chez les Volques n'était connue que par une inscription d'Avignon. Or, une base portant un texte identique a été trouvée récemment près de Beaueaire dans un secteur proche du Rhône où la présence de plusieurs documents à caractère cultuel fait supposer l'existence d'un sanctuaire. L'analyse des deux inscriptions, qui doivent dater du troisième quart du Ier s. av. J.-C, permet de les situer par rapport aux territoires arécomique et cavare. Elle est également l'occasion d'approfondir la réflexion sur ce qu'était la préture chez les Volques avant la réforme augustéenne, une charge qui, d'après le nom du dédicant, T. Carisius, incombait peut-être plutôt à un homme de Rome qu'à un notable indigène.
Les signacula de bronze en Gaule Narbonnaise
Authors: Feugère Michel , Mauné Stéphane
Published: July 2011

La découverte, dans l'établissement de l'Auribelle-Basse (Pézenas), dans un dépotoir daté des alentours du milieu du IIe s., d'un signaculum en bronze au nom de T. Iulius Paternus a conduit les auteurs du présent article à s'intéresser à la diffusion et à la chronologie de ce type d'objet si particulier. Une fois soulignées les incertitudes qui pèsent sur l'usage précis de ces cachets, ils ont dressé la liste d'une soixantaine d'objets dont la provenance est assurée. Leur carte de distribution montre qu'ils se répartissent dans les territoires des colonies romaines de Gaule Narbonnaise (à l'exclusion des cités latines) et proviennent soit d'agglomérations, soit de villae, à l'exclusion des sites mineurs. Après avoir discuté les différentes hypothèses envisagées pour leur usage, et les avoir surtout confrontées aux données géographiques et onomastiques, ils proposent prudemment deux hypothèses distinctes quant à leur fonction : la première, en relation avec une production artisanale et sa diffusion, postule une utilisation en relation avec des taxes commerciales. La seconde propose que ces objets soient liés à la fiscalité d'une partie des terres des colonies romaines. Mais quel que soit cet usage, les citoyens romains, affranchis ou ingénus d'origine orientale qui composent cette population méritent de rejoindre les bases de données existantes sur les hommes qui composent la société gallo-romaine.
Familles transnationales et parents vieillissants à Chennai (Inde) : organisation des solidarités intergénérationnelles dans un espace intrafamilial mondialisé
Authors: Plard Mathilde
Published: July 2011

Dans le contexte démographique actuel, le sud de l’Inde est marqué par un allongement de la durée de la vie et une augmentation significative des formes de mobilités internationales ; dans ces conditions, les relations intergénérationnelles évoluent. Si les migrations induisent des changements dans les mécanismes de transmission entre générations, elles modifient dans leurs formes les échanges familiaux et les solidarités intergénérationnelles. Une étude de terrain de type sociogéographique, effectuée dans la ville de Chennai en 2010 auprès de parents (de haute caste brahmane) dont les enfants ont migré vers des pays occidentaux, a permis d’étudier l’organisation des solidarités et de saisir les conséquences de la décohabitation entre génération, dans une nouvelle géographie familiale. Ces familles transnationales interrogent les modèles organisationnels de prise en charge et de solidarité concernant les personnes âgées vivant en dehors de l’idéal type de la joint family  – la famille indivise .
Kafâla transnationale. Modalités de formation des familles kafilates de France
Authors: Barraud Émilie
Published: July 2011

Cet article propose d’explorer un aspect méconnu de l’adoption internationale entre la France et les pays du Maghreb, et l’émergence en France d’une nouvelle catégorie de famille, dite « kafilate », dont l’origine est une famille élargie transnationale. Les familles kafilates de France se répartissent en deux grandes catégories. La première s’inscrit dans une logique d’adoption : un couple confronté à la stérilité, ou une femme seule, recueille légalement sous «  kafâla  » judiciaire un enfant abandonné au Maroc ou en Algérie. La seconde est basée sur le regroupement familial : des immigrés de France recueillent légalement sous «  kafâla  » notariale (au Maroc) ou judiciaire (en Algérie) un enfant de la famille. Après avoir présenté cette institution récente qu’est le recueil légal kafâla , l’article expose les causes et modalités de formation de ces nouveaux foyers, avant de se pencher sur les obstacles administratifs et juridiques que rencontrent ces familles, doublement marquées par le principe de « transnationalité ».
Dynamic response of masonry minarets strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites
Authors: Altunişik A. C.
Published: July 2011

Abstract. Engineering structures strengthened with FRP composites are gaining popularity, and there is a growing need to understand and compare the behavior of these structures before/after FRP composite strengthening. In this paper, it is aimed to determine the dynamic response of masonry minarets before/after FRP composite strengthening. An Iskenderpaşa historical masonry minaret dating back to XVI century with a height of 21 m located in Trabzon, Turkey was selected as an application. Firstly, 3-D finite element model of the minaret was constituted using ANSYS software. Then, an analytical model of the minaret was analyzed using the 1992 Erzincan earthquake record, which occurred near the area, to determine the dynamic behavior. After this, the cylindrical body of the minaret was strengthened with FRP composite using different configurations and dynamic analyses were performed. Finally, dynamic responses of the minaret before and after FRP composite strengthening, such as displacements and maximum-minimum principal stresses, were compared. At the end of the study, it is seen that displacements had increased along the height of the minaret, maximum and minimum principal stresses occur at the region of transition segment and cylindrical body for all analyses. Also, it is seen from the earthquake analyses that FRP strengthening is very effective on the dynamic responses of the minaret.
Medical Management of Osteonecrosis of the Hip: A Review
Authors: Rajpura Asim , Wright Andrew C. , Board Timothy N.
Published: July 2011

Osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis (AVN) of the hip is a progressive disease mainly affecting adults in their third, fourth or fifth decade of life. Studies into the natural history of the disease suggest that femoral head collapse occurs within 2–3yrs with associated degenerative changes and at that stage arthroplasty is the most reliable treatment option. Therefore prevention of femoral head collapse is highly desirable in this young patient group. In early stage disease, before femoral head collapse (Ficat and Arlet stage 1–3) core decompression of the femoral head is currently the most widely used procedure to try to relieve intraosseous pressure in the femoral head and restore blood supply.

Greater understanding of the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis has led to research into non-surgical management of early stages of the disease, including pharmacological and biophysical treatments. There may be a reduction in symptoms and evidence of prevention of disease progression following some non-surgical treatments. Further studies are needed, including trials comparing medical management with surgical intervention.