bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A retrospective chart review of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty functional outcome and the incidence of medial meniscus posterior root tear in spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee
Authors: WU PO-JU , Lin TsungYu , Lu YungChang
Published: April 2020

Background :
Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) can lead to severe knee osteoarthritis predominantly localized to the medial compartment. We aimed to determine whether unicompartmental knee arthroplasty was an effective treatment for primary SONK.
Methods: We analyzed the functional outcomes in 23 patients with SONK (with a magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]-confirmed diagnosis) who underwent UKA at a single center. The mean follow-up time was 67 months post-UKA.
Results: Significant improvements in function were indicated by reduced Oxford Knee and Visual Analogue Scale scores after UKA, and there were no specific complications after the procedures. The incidence of MRI-identified medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) was 69.6% (16/23).
Conclusion: Unicompartment arthroplasty for SONK is less destructive to the native knee structure than total knee arthroplasty, but can achieve comparable prognosis with strict patient selection.While the precise etiology of SONK is unknown, one theory posits that a MMPRT may change the biomechanical circumstances of the knee joint, leading to osteonecrosis. Although not confirmatory, the high prevalence rate suggests that MMPRT may have a key role in the development of SONK. UKA is an effective treatment option for SONK, resulting in significant functional improvement. Long-term (>10 years) outcomes should be investigated.
Discrepant expression and prognostic role of epidermal growth factor receptor and icotinib radiosensitization for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wu Bo , Xiong Hua-cai , Wang Yong , Lu Hong-sheng , Chen Qi , Ying Shen-peng
Published: April 2020

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression was observed in many tumors. Icotinib (IH), an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, could enhance the radiosensitivity, but few studies have focused on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Materials and Methods : One hundred fifteen NPC lesions and 30 nasopharyngitis lesions were enrolled for EGFR expression evaluation with immunohistochemical staining. The correlation of EGFR expression and clinical parameters was analyzed. Survival analysis was calculated using univariate and multivariate analysis. A radioresistant NPC cell line, CNE-2R, was established with a gradient irradiation schedule of 60 Gy from CNE-2. Cell viability of CNE-2/2R was detected using microculture tetrazolium assay and colony-forming assay. The IH radiosensitization effect and EGFR expression were also evaluated in CNE-2/2R. Results: High EGFR expression was more frequently detected in NPC lesions (73/115) than chronic nasopharyngitis lesions (5/30, p =0.000). EGFR expression was correlated with tumor stage ( p =0.000) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage ( p =0.006). EGFR expression was an independent prognostic factor of disease-free survival ( p =0.047) and overall survival ( p =0.016). The optical density value of CNE-2R was higher than CNE-2 on days 1, 2, 4, and 6 after radiation of 4 Gy ( p <0.005). CNE-2 colony numbers clearly decreased compared with CNE-2R ( p <0.05), and IH enhanced the radiosensitizing effect of CNE-2R with an apparently lower survival fraction (1.414 times, p <0.05). Higher EGFR expression was observed in CNE-2R cells and decreased accordingly when exposed to IH. Conclusion: High EGFR expression was more frequently detected as a poor prognostic factor in NPC patients. Higher radioresistance and EGFR expression were observed in CNE-2R, and IH could reduce it. These results provided a new theoretical basis for clinical application of icotinib radiosensitization in NPC radiotherapy.
The Financial Viability of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Technology: A case of Sheep Feedlots
Authors: Wet Pieter-Steyn De , Lombard WA , bahta Yonas T.
Published: April 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to author disagreement.
Analysis on Diagnosis of Family Clustering Infection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Qiu Rong , Liu Ming-wei , Zhao Chuan , Li Wei-min
Published: April 2020

Background: Novel coronavirus (nCoV, SARS-CoV-2) infection has complicated and diversified symptoms, but no special treatment. In this study, diagnosis and treatment of family clustering nCoV infection were analyzed. Methods: The Sichuan Suining Central Hospital received 11 patients with confirmed nCoV virus infection from 4 families during January 23rd, 2020 to February 20th, 2020. Their clinical symptoms, treatment conditions and changes of disease state were reviewed in the present study. Results: In all 4 families, there were 1-2 members in each family who had contact with epidemic disease. Clinical manifestations were: 3 cases had debilitation only, 1 case had cough only, 1 case had diarrhea, 5 cases had fever and cough, and 1 case had blood-stained sputum. According to image changes, no image change was observed in 1 child patient. Multiple focal ground-glass opacities were detected from 2 patients and multiple patchy shadows were observed from 8 patients, especially in lung periphery. Complications: there were hypertension in 3 cases, diabetes in 2 cases, depression in 1 cases and hypertension and diabetes in 1 case. Moreover, there’s one patient who had rheumatic heart disease and received mitral and aortic valve replacement 2 years ago. All 11 cases divided into mild type (1 child patient), moderate type (8 patients), severe type (1 patient) and critical type (1 patient). Treatment: 11 patients were treated with intravenous drip of ribavirin injection (adult 0.5g/time; child15mg/kg.time,twice per day) and lopinavir/ritonavior (adult: 2 tablets/ time; child: 1/2 tablets/times, twice per day) for 6-12 days, accompanied with appropriate amount of intravenous drip of antibiotics. Discharge: After treatment, 11 patients met the discharge criteria and were allowed to discharge. Adverse reactions: 4 patients had loose stools and abdominal discomfort, and another 2 cases had diarrhea. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection have complicated and diversified symptoms, which shall be identified according to epidemic history and novel coronavirus nucleic acid test. In particular, the whole family in which there’s a patient with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 shall be isolated for screening in addition to the patient. The lopinavir/ritonavior administration combined with ribavirin or recombinant Human Interferon (RHI) α2b is effective, accompanied with mild adverse reaction.
Piercing the corporate veil: A critical analysis of section 20(9) of the South African Companies Act 71 of 2008
Authors: Phiri Siphethile
Published: April 2020

When a company is incorporated it becomes a juristic entity with rights and obligations of its own and is distinct from its shareholders and directors. Hence, company liabilities are not those of its shareholders and directors. However, section 20(9) of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 grants the court the discretion to disregard the corporate veil where there is an unconscionable abuse of the juristic personality so as to impose personal liability upon directors or any other person involved in that transaction. However, the section fails to define what constitutes “unconscionable abuse” which is the key to the application of that provision. This research thus seeks to discover what constitutes unconscionable abuse of the juristic personality. Simply put, this research aims to identify the circumstances under which the corporate veil may be pierced. The results from this extensive inquiry are that the term ‘unconscionable abuse’ is a legislative derivate from the various terms used by the courts at common law to justify the disregarding of the separate legal personality of the corporate entity. Therefore, the inescapable conclusion reached is that just as those terms used at common law are confounding, so shall this rather legislative innovation remain to be confounding until a specific meaning is assigned to it by the parliament
REALIDADE AUMENTADA COMO APOIO À APRENDIZAGEM DE POLIEDROS
Authors: Delmas da Silva Roberto Carlos , Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2020

As Tecnologias Digitais (TD), como smartphones, tablets e outros dispositivos, são usadas por variados setores da sociedade para informar, comunicar e disseminar conhecimentos. No ambiente escolar, as TD, por meio do uso de aplicativos, estão começando a conquistar espaços como recursos didáticos para apoio à aprendizagem de conteúdos. Dentre as TD, temos a Realidade Aumentada (RA), um sistema computacional que se apresenta como a sobreposição de ambientes e objetos virtuais (textos, imagens, sons, figuras tridimensionais) sobre um ambiente real. A experiência docente na área de Matemática, bem como pesquisas acadêmicas, revelam algumas dificuldades dos alunos ao estudarem assuntos referentes à geometria espacial, principalmente quanto às representações das formas tridimensionais usualmente representadas nos livros e lousas no formato bidimensional, dificultando o melhor entendimento das características da forma geométrica visualizada. Desta forma, a RA, disponível em plataformas móveis por meio de aplicativos, que contém em suas especificidades a representação de objetos tridimensionais, pode amenizar ou sanar os obstáculos enfrentados pelos discentes na visualização e interpretação das formas geométricas espaciais. Este artigo - recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado acadêmico, cujo objetivo foi compreender a utilização da RA para a aprendizagem de Poliedros do tipo Prismas - discorre sobre uma experiência com alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de um Colégio Estadual em (Autor), no ano letivo de (autor), fazendo um comparativo de aprendizado dos poliedros do tipo prismas, antes e depois da aplicação da tecnologia Realidade Aumentada. Pela natureza dos dados este recorte se configurou numa abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso. Para tratamento e discussão dos dados, dispôs-se de gráficos estatísticos e da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados da pesquisa que originaram este artigo foram: um percentual significativo dos alunos nunca tinha estudado conceitos elementares da geometria espacial; atividades experimentais despertam maior interesse nos alunos para o estudo da geometria espacial; grande parte do alunado considerou relevante o uso da RA para a aprendizagem de Poliedros, bem como a aplicação das TD em outras disciplinas.
Consultorio empresarial: un espacio para el apoyo a las mipymes del Valle de Aburrá
Authors: Bolaño Amaris Ariza
Published: April 2020

Na Colômbia o setor empresarial desenvolve em um ritmo cada vez mais acelerado, em Medellín a criação de empresas ocorre em ritmo contínuo, contudo, é difícil que se mantenha no tempo, pois ao longo dos anos se encerram por diferentes razões. Esse fenômeno, de acordo com um estudo apresentado pela Revista Antioqueña de Economia e Desenvolvimento (RAED), se deve a deficiências na estrutura organizacional e de marketing no momento de sua criação, que afetam a sustentabilidade em um mercado cada vez mais competitivo. Instituições como a Confederação Colombiana de Câmaras de Comércio (Confecámaras) e a Fundação Bavaria fazem uma análise das principais causas que fecham certas empresas, concordando que a afetação ocorre entre outras, a partir de fatores relacionados ao meio ambiente que são quase sempre imprevisíveis, portanto, pode haver falhas. Há uma combinação de fatores, sendo que a principal ameaça é a questão financeira. Um dos projetos da Base de Pesquisa de Pesquisa em Negócios e Seguros (SIDINS), do Center for Business Services and Management consiste em implementar um escritório de negócios com o objetivo de gerar um espaço que potencialize o conhecimento, promovendo projetos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento como solução a problemas específicos relacionados à gestão de negócios, promovendo alternativas estratégicas aos cenários globais, enfatizando o fortalecimento das habilidades, conhecimentos e aptidões de empreendedores, aprendizes e instrutores. O perfil do Centro de Gestão e Serviços Empresariais do SENA Regional Antioquia é adequado para esse tipo de intervenção, pois desde a sua criação foi concebido como um espaço para ajudar as empresas a serem mais competitivas, daí o Business Office destinado Alinhado à missão do centro e do SENA em geral, também se torna uma ferramenta que favorece a aprendizagem baseada em projetos dos aprendizes de Tecnologia em Gestão de Negócios, Gestão de Riscos e Seguros, Especialização em Marketing Online e outros tecnologias que, devido ao diagnóstico inicial feito às empresas, são necessárias. A metodologia para construir o escritório de negócios é baseada nos resultados de pesquisas realizadas por entidades públicas e privadas que mostram como as MPEs desaparecem logo após a criação, por outro lado, houve um rastreamento de universidades e instituições que possuem escritórios de negócios para entender seu funcionamento e contextualizá-lo às características particulares do treinamento no SENA.
Analyzing non-financial risks during the sustainable development of a trading company through the stakeholder approach
Authors: Basova M.M.
Published: April 2020

Subject. The article discusses the sustainable development of a trading company.
Objectives. I analyze non-financial risks through the stakeholder approach.
Methods. The study relies upon the comprehensive and systems approach to analyzing non-financial risks from perspectives of various groups of stakeholders.
Results. Trading companies pay much attention to non-financial risks. They refer to non-financial reports that inform various groups of stakeholders, verifying that the entity is economically, socially and environmentally responsible, thus reducing risks. The non-financial risk is analyzed in three steps, i.e. identification, description, measurement. To identify the non-financial risk, public reports of an entity shall provide stakeholders with the information they need. However, stakeholders may diverge in their interests and sometimes be far from productive cooperation, thus triggering some non-financial risks. The elimination of the conflict of interests is an important step to reduce the probability of the non-financial risk.
Conclusions and Relevance. The entity evolves sustainably and contributes to the sustainable development of local communities and consequently reduces the non-financial risk if it cooperates effectively with various groups of stakeholders, invest in personnel advancement, satisfy consumers’ demand and retain them and find ways to beneficially cooperate with suppliers.
QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Pappas Georgios
Published: April 2020

The internationalization of the market coincided with the opening of state borders for the benefit of free movement of capital, goods, labor, services and information. With the dominance of the ideological realm of economic pragmatism, educational discourse is overwhelmed and dominated by conceptual loans from the business world: choice, competition, efficiency, speech, management, productivity, consumer. Thus, a successful criterion of international economic competition emerges as a key quality criterion. The Communication from the Commission of the European Communities (2008) on an updated strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training raises the need for upgrading the skills of the population and the need to implement skills development policies that better respond to current and future needs of the labor market. However, the entrepreneurial spirit promoted at all levels of education and training rather establishes a more modern surveillance mechanism by establishing a cultural arbitrary accord with the market economy (Foucault, 2005). Consequently, it is necessary to find an alternative way of teaching that welcomes the questioning and manifestation of both the genetic cause and the prospects behind the formal education policy.
CHARACTERISTIC OF A STUDENT IN EXPERIMENTAL PEDAGOGY BY O. NECHAEV AND G. ROSSOLIMO
Authors: Mikhno Oleksandr
Published: April 2020

In the article, based on the analysis of the works of scientists – the representatives of experimental pedagogy Olexandr Nechaev (1870–1947) and Grigory Rossolimo (1860–1928), their contribution to the development of the problem of the pupil’s profile is highlighted. It has been proved that both scientists paid special attention to this issue, developing it in the following aspects: substantiation of the necessity of studying a pupil by the teacher and improvement of psychological knowledge of the teacher (O. Nechaev); creation of plans for studying the pupil in the form of special questionnaires with detailed recommendations on their use (O. Nechaev, G. Rossolimo), filling out the results of studying the pupil in the form of «psychological profile», which was a graphic representation of the profile (G. Rossolimo). It has been substantiated that, developing a problem of the pupil’s profile, O. Nechaev proceeded from the need to take into account the individual abilities and inclinations of the pupil in the educational process, which could be effectively carried out on the basis of studying the pupil with the subsequent compilation of the pupil’s profile. It has been well-reasoned that relations between scientists were significant in the development of scientific ideas: G. Rossolimo linked the emergence of his method of «psychological profile» directly with the ideas of O. Nechaev. It has been emphasized that the psychological characteristics of various types given by Rossolimo were his contribution to the typology of childhood, along with the typology of P.
Lesgaft. These typologies are a significant help to the teacher in the process of learning the pupil and compilation of his profile. It has been emphasized that experimental pedagogy is a scientific phenomenon, the name of which reflects the main method of obtaining empirical knowledge — an experiment that was supposed to guarantee the objectivity of the data obtained, bringing pedagogy to the level of exact sciences; the concept of «experimental pedagogy» is established within the limits of historical–pedagogical discourse as a definition of the scientific phenomenon, characteristic only for the beginning of the XX century.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEMS OF IMPROVEMENT OF QUALIFICATION OF TEACHERS OF NATURAL AND MATHEMATICAL SUBJECTS IN POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION OF UKRAINE AND THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND
Authors: Evtushenko Natalia
Published: April 2020

The proposed article analyzes the peculiarities of the basic structural elements of the training systems of teachers of natural and mathematical subjects in postgraduate education of Ukraine and the Republic of Poland. The notion of professional development of specialists in the educational space of the countries is defined — intentional, planned and continuous process, which results in the expansion of teachers’ professional competences, improvement of their professional level, re-qualification of specialists, and development of universal personality.
The principles on which the systems of professional development of specialists of Ukraine and Poland are built and developed are considered: humanization, differentiation, interactivity, unity of socialization and professionalization of personality, modularity and continuity of training. Also it is recognized among the principles of educational activities that are taken into account in the process of training of the Polish colleagues there are such as: the interrelation of theory and practice, variability, diversity of forms, continuity, multidimensionality, multilevelness, and openness.
Important functions (socio-cultural, developmental, educational, compensatory and adaptive) that the systems of teacher training fulfill as for continuous professional development and improvement of specialists are analyzed.
The author pays special attention to the analysis of functioning of the training systems of teachers of natural and mathematical subjects as multidimensional entities in postgraduate pedagogical education of the countries which are characterized by socio-state character, variability, flexibility, and construction considering different needs of teachers in their professional development.
The article analyzes the level structures of advanced training systems of postgraduate education of teachers of natural and mathematical subjects of Ukraine and the Republic of Poland, which have their own subjects at each level of regulation (national, regional, local, and institutional), and use certain principles, tools and institutions for achievement of the overall goal.
It is noted that the systems of advanced training of teachers of natural and mathematical subjects in the postgraduate education of Ukraine and the Republic of Poland have a lot in common at the stage of formation of goals and tasks, defining principles and functions, choosing the directions of development of educational activity.
Differences are observed in the structure of education systems and teacher training financing.
A detailed study of the quality criteria for the improvement of specialists in accordance with the international standards is proposed for further research, which will improve the evaluation of the results of the educational process and enhance the motivation of teachers for their personal and professional development and self-improvement.
REMOTE SPECIAL COURSE «LATIN. BOTANY TERMINOLOGY» AS A MEANS OF BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL AND TERMINOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF BIOLOGY TEACHER
Authors: Pererva Victoria
Published: April 2020

The essence and advantages of distance learning as a form of organization of independent work in the professional training of future specialists are revealed. Formation of a professional term system is considered as a prerequisite for the formation of professional-terminological competence of a future teacher.
Independent work Outside the classroom process is expanding the amount of material to be absorbed (both theoretical and applied), assisting in preparing for the tests and examinations in professional disciplines. Today, integration of modern pedagogical and information technologies, their wide introduction into the educational process is very important. In the system of vocational education, issues of the culture of professional communication, are of particular importance. Imperfect knowledge of the professional terminology leads to the appearance of a significant number of typical errors, reducing the level of the culture of speech. An important role in mastering students’ knowledge of the special course «Latina. Botany terminology» is given to independent work, which gradually becomes one of the leading forms. Application of new information and telecommunication technologies in the educational process, creation, and use of modern electronic teaching aids and distance courses solve complex tasks of forming a single educational information environment. Distance learning course «Latina. Botany Terminology» for future biology teacher is allows each student to work in an individual mode under the guidance of teachers. The content and structure of the distance e-learning course «Latin. Botany Terminology» for students of the Natural Department of Pedagogical Institutions of Higher Education is shown. The purpose of the distance special course, is to enrich the personality language culture, understanding the semantics and etymologies of biological terms.
POLA PENGASUHAN ANAK DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PERILAKU YANG ISLAMI PADA KELUARGA BERCERAI
Authors: Santoso David Budi , Amirudin Noor
Published: April 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keadaan orang tua yang mengalami percerai di Desa Bulurejo Kecamatan Benjeng Gresik serta untuk mengetahui pentingnya pendidikan Islami dengan menggunakan pola pendidikan yang tepat terhadap anak dalam keluarga bercerai di Desa Bulurejo Kecamatan Benjeng Gresik. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pelajaran yang baik bagi orang tua bercerai dalam mendidik anaknya secara baik, serta memberikan tambahan keilmuan terhadap para praktisi pendidikan agar memperhatikan tumbuh kembang kepribadian anak keluarga bercerai. Pola pengasuhan (pola asuh) Adalah bagaimana usaha orang tua serta keluarga besar dalam berinteraksi dalam memberikan teladan yang baik, baik itu menggunakan perhatian, pengarahan, dan contoh-contoh karakter kebijaksanaan, demi mempersiapkan skill, akhlak, serta kepribadian anak, ke arah yang lebih positif. Dalam mengemban amanat dari Allah yang mulia ini, berupa anak yang fitrah beragama tauhidnya harus dibina dan dikembangkan, maka orang tua harus menjadikan agama Islam, sebagai dasar untuk pembinaan dan pendidikan anak. Pendekatan yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun sasaran penelitian adalah keadaan serta pola asuh dalam keluarga bercerai desa Bulurejo Benjeng Gresik.
PERKEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI NUSANTARA: MALAYSIA DAN INDONESIA
Authors: Embong Rahimah
Published: April 2020

Abstrak: Penjajahan Barat telah banyak mempengaruhi pendidikan Islam di kebanyakan negara Islam di dunia. Modenisasi dan sekularisme adalah dua nilai barat yang membawa perubahan kepada model asas, konsep, dan prinsip pendidikan Islam. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk meneroka perkembangan pendidikan Islam dalam menghadapi kedua-dua nilai tersebut, bermula dari kemunculan Islam sehingga masa kini di Nusantara, dengan berfokus hanya kepada Malaysia dan Indonesia. Kajian ini mendapati perkembangan pendidikan bagi umat Islam di Malaysia dan Indonesia telah menunjukkan perubahan yang progesif serta penerapan nilai-nilai modenisasi dan sekularisme dalam sistem pendidikan sehingga terwujudnya dualisme. Walau bagaimanapun, kedua-dua aliran pendidikan (agama dan sekular) masih kekal terpisah di kebanyakan negara Islam sehingga kini. Justeru, perlunya kepada perancangan dan perlaksanaan kurikulum bersepadu yang bersifat Islamik yang sebenar. Usaha penyepaduan kurikulum dalam sistem pendidikan Islam bukan tugas yang mudah kerana memerlukan komitmen dan usahasama daripada pelbagai pihak.
Geospatial Distribution of Public Secondary in Gombe Local Government Area, Gombe State of Nigeria
Authors: Caiaphas Makadi Yila , Stephen Sati Abecca , Dankaka Ismail
Published: April 2020

The paper reviews research tradition of accessibility level and spatial distribution of student in public secondary school in gombe local government area, Gombe state. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. Primary data was collected using questionnaire and a hand-held GPS receiver to capture the coordinate points of schools and other relevant data. Secondary data include administrative map, population figures of both students and Teachers, Names and addresses of the secondary schools in the study area. The data were analyzed using geographic information techniques. From the data survey carried out, the result of the analysis showed the accessibility level and spatial distribution of school in Gombe were seventeen (17) public senior secondary and total number of students were nineteen thousand and eleven (19,011). The nearest neighbor analysis (NNA) for the spatial pattern of school were carried out based on each ward in study area which as ten (10) wards in each ward revealed two major spatial distributions. The spatial pattern of the Gombe LGA has Nearest Neighbour Ratio (NNR): 3.385087, Bolari East ward with NNR: 3.385087 and Shamaki wards NNR: 1.600148, which showed dispersed pattern, while Jekada Fari ward with NNR: 0.214890, Pantami ward with NNR: 0.226863, and Herwo Gana wards with NNR: 0.185239, were showed clustered pattern. The nearest neighbor index shows clustered pattern for all the wards in the local government area except Bolari East and Shamaki wards that has dispersed pattern of distribution. The implication of these two patterns means that accessibility is poor in the study area. Students travel than normal to overcome the function of distance.
Revisi Proposal Kuantitatif Lisna Nuraida
Authors: Nuraida Lisna
Published: April 2020

Sekolah merupakan lembaga pendidikan yang menampung peserta didik dan dibina agar mereka memiliki kemampuan, kecerdasan dan keterampilan. Dalam proses pendidikan diperlukan pembinaan secara terkoordinasi dan terarah. Dengan demikian siswa diharapkan dapat mencapai prestasi belajar yang maksimal sehingga tercapainya tujuan pendidikan. Pada pasal 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional menyebutkan bahwa dalam pendidikan nasional yang bertujuan untuk berkembangnya potensi siswa agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab. Selanjutnya dalam pengembangan potensi siswa sebagaimana dimaksud dalam tujuan pendidikan nasional tersebut dapat diwujudkan melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler oleh sekolah yang merupakan salah satu kegiatan dalam program kurikuler. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler adalah program kurikuler yang alokasi waktunya tidak ditetapkan dalam kurikulum akan tetapi ditetapkan oleh masing-masing sekolah.
PEER REVIEW PENILAIAN PENILAIAN SEJAWAT SEBIDANG - BATIK SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA BANGSA DAN NASION BRAND INDONESIA
Authors: Maulana Lutfi
Published: April 2020

PEER REVIEW PENILAIAN PENILAIAN SEJAWAT SEBIDANG - BATIK SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA BANGSA DAN NASION BRAND INDONESIA
Threats and Conservation of Paris polyphylla: Vulnerable Medicinal Plant in Panchase Protected Forest, Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Geeta , Upadhyaya Anju , Thapa Mahendra Singh
Published: April 2020

Government of Nepal has enlisted Paris polyphylla as the priority medicinal and aromatic plant (MAPs) for the economic development of the country due to its high market price and demand. But in Panchase Protected Forest (PPF) its value is not well recognized. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the distribution of the plant, assess threats and interventions for conservation and promotion in Bhadaure Tamagi area of Kaski district. Participatory resource mapping, semi-structured questionnaire and key informant survey were carried out for data collection. The plant was distributed at nine different patches of the forest at moist, fertile, and sloppy sites in Northern and Eastern aspects, and spotted only at two patches. Among 10 threat factors, illegal collection with Relative Threat Factor Severity Index (RTFSI) value of 0.90 was the major threat to the plant, and forest fire with value of 0.25 was the least impacting threat. Poor management and institutional factors were not understood by local people directly. Though the plant has high market value, only 6% of the locals used the plant for direct income whereas the rest used for the household purpose as they have no idea of the market. It is recommended to empower and support local people for commercial cultivation and trade, sustainable harvesting techniques, and to bring all the concerned stakeholders of PPF together to work effectively to conserve and promote this wonder herb.
Residents' Attitudes towards the Residential Urban Forest in Metropolitan City: A Case Study from Bharatpur City in Nepal
Authors: K.C. Yam Bahadur , Sedhai Sagarika
Published: April 2020

Urban forests are critical element in ameliorating urban habitats and building sustainable cities. Local residents are the key players in maintaining greenery of the city as they collectively own majority of land in most cities. Therefore, they need to engage in planting and retaining trees on their properties in order to reach canopy cover in urban areas. The project surveyed 200 local residents in Bharatpur Metropolitan City to examine their attitude towards trees on their property on the basis of 'Affective', 'Behavioral' and 'Cognitive' ABC model of attitude. Results show that majority of the residents have positive attitude towards trees as they have high cognitive intention towards trees, and showed willingness to retain the existing trees and add more in future. However, very few are cognizant of the environmental values of trees. The most common positive effects of trees on their property are food, shade, and clean and fresh air. The most common negative effects are increase in bushes and weeds, wildlife hazards and risk of fall due to wind. Urban planners interested in influencing residents' decisions about urban trees need to work on public outreach. Residents need to be motivated and made aware of the long term and multifunctional benefits of trees for retaining the existing trees and planting more in their property. They should also, be made aware of the type of trees that are suitable for plantation on residential property in order to avoid the problems that can be created due to trees.
Tradisi Pemindahan Perempuan dalam Perkawinan Adat Masyarakat Nyura Lele Suku Wee Leo Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya
Authors: Muttaqin Zedi , Hafsah Hafsah , Malo Yuan Aristo
Published: April 2020

Perkawinan adat Sumba, suatu hal yang masih melekat hingga saat ini yaitu tradisi pemindahan perempuan sebagai salah satu tahapan yang harus di lalui agar perkawinan dikatakan sah dan dapat dijemput oleh keluarga laki-laki. Perkembangan zaman dan peradaban yang semakin maju, akhirnya tradisi ini tidak berjalan sesuai dengan kebiasaan yang telah disepakati. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomologi. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan sumber data primer di peroleh melalui hasil wawancara sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumen-dokumen dan informasi lain yang terkait dengan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses Tradisi pemindahan perempuan (Padikina Minne Pala Koro Burru Nauta) pada perkawinan adat masyarakat desa Nyura Lele suku Wee Leo kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya meliputi tahapan perkenalan, tahapan perkenalan adat, tahapan ikat adat dan tahapan pindah dinding turun tangga/ikat pindah. Dalam proses pelaksanan tradisi pemindahan perempuan dalam istilah masyarakat Sumba disebut  padikkina mine pala koro burru nauta (pemindahan perempuan/ mempelai wanita pindah dinding turun tangga) meliputi yaitu membuka/memulai pembicaraan, pemberian Tagu Loka (bagian om/paman), pemberian Tagu Umma Kalada (Belis untuk rumah besar), pemberian Imbalan Air Susu Ibu (Itta Kere Puaro Mata), dan urusan Belis. The traditional wedding of Sumba, a thing that is still inherent to the present is the tradition of Padikkina Minne mone nutmeg Velvet (the transfer of women/brides moved the wall down the stairs) as one of the stages that must be passed so that the marriage is said to be valid and can be picked up by the male family. The development of the time and civilization is progressing, eventually this tradition does not go according to the agreed habit. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a phenyomological approach. In this research researchers use primary data sources in obtaining through the results of interviews while secondary data is obtained through documents and other information related to the study. The data collection techniques used are observations, interviews and documentation. The results of the study showed the process of women's removal tradition (Padikina Minne Pala Koro Burru Nauta) on the indigenous marriage of the villagers Nyura Lele tribe Wee the West Sumba Regency Power includes the introductory stage, the stage of customary introduction, the stage of customary ikat and the stage of moving the wall down stairs  In the process of the tradition of the removal of women in the community term Sumba called Padikkina mine pala Koro burru Nauta (Transfer of women/bride moving Wall down stairs) covering the opening/starting talks, giving Tagu Loka (part om/uncle), giving Tagu Umma Kalada (Belis for Big House), giving breast milk (Itta Kere Puaro Mata), and Belis affairs.
Pembelajaran PPKn Berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Melalui Problem Based Learning Kelas VIII D SMP Negeri 17 Mataram
Authors: Ratnawati NI Komang
Published: April 2020

Kondisi kualitas pendidikan kita saat ini secara nasional nampaknya masih cukup memprihatinkan, belum sesuai dengan harapan. tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan pembelajaran PPKn berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) melalui model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif menjelaskan hasil kegiatan Best Practice PKP 2019. Sasaran penelitian 30 orang, instrument penelitian yakni observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pembelajaran PPKn berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)  melalui Model Problem Based Learning Peserta Didik Kelas VIII D SMP Negeri 17 Mataram, menyebabkan: 1) peserta didik menjadi lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, terutama dalam bertanya, menjawab maupun mengemukakan pendapat, sehingga meskipun belum maksimal, namun sudah dapat untuk melatih peserta didik dalam memiliki ketrampilan berfikir kritis. 2) meningkatnya kemampuan peserta didik dalam melakukan transfer knowledge, critical thinking, creativity, problem solving. 3) peserta didik menjadi lebih bersemangat dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran, karena bagi mereka ada keleluasaan untuk berkreasi dan berinovasi. 4) peserta didik dapat lebih fokus dalam mengikuti pembelajaran, karena proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik, menyenangkan, dan tidak monoton, sehingga tidak membosankan.The quality condition of our education today nationally seems still quite a concern, not yet following expectations. The purpose of this study to explain the study of the Income-oriented Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through the model of Problem Based Learning. This research uses qualitative research. The research approach uses a descriptive approach explaining the results of activities PKP 2019 Best Practice. Research objectives of 30 people, research instruments are observations, polls, and documentation. Analyze data using interactive analysis. The results showed that the study was oriented Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through Model Problem Based Learning Learners class VIII D SMP State 17 Mataram, Cause: 1) Learners become more active in the learning process, Especially in asking, answering or expressing opinions, so that despite not being maximal, but already able to train learners in having critical thinking skills. 2) The increasing ability of learners in the transfer of knowledge, critical thinking, creativity, problem-solving. 3) Learners become more excited in following the learning process, because they have the freedom to create and innovate. 4) Learners can focus more on following learning, because the learning process becomes more interesting, fun, and not monotonous, so it is not boring.
Encounters with Sexuality: The Management of Inappropriate
Body Behaviour in Late-Nineteenth-Century British Columbia
Schools
Authors: Barman Jean
Published: April 2020

Of all the issues that students, parents, teachers, and
schools encounter, few are so difficult to manage as sexuality.
We persist in believing that the body does not belong in the
classroom except as an object of study or improvement.
Inappropriate body behaviour with a sexual edge intimidates us,
so much so that accounts tend to be oblique or non-existent.
Their scarcity makes particularly valuable a set of records that
survive from British Columbia in the late nineteenth century.
Even though public education was becoming centralized, a general
unwillingness to face up to issues of sexuality caused almost
all of the thirty allegations that were located in the
Superintendent of Education’s correspondence to be resolved at
the local level. The most frequent tactic was parental boycott
of the school. The allegations divide between those against
teachers and those against students. Regardless of who was
implicated, the teacher was almost always caught in the middle
and ended up resigning.
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Some Novel benzamide derivatives and it's Pharmacological Screening
Authors: Yadav Akshay R. , Mohite Shrinivas K.
Published: April 2020

The new series of substituted N-(phenylcarbamothioyl)benzamide derivatives (2a-2f) was designed, development and synthesized by using conventional and microwave method. In present work 6 different N-(phenylcarbamothioyl)benzamide were synthesized. Substituted benzoyl chloride is converted into benzoyl isothiocyanate by esterification. Benzoyl isothiocyanate is converted into Substituted (phenylcarbamothioyl)benzamide by treating with different types of substituted aniline. Confirmation of the chemical structure of the synthesized was substantiated by TLC, IR, 1H NMR, MS spectroscopy.Novel synthesized compounds screened for their in vivo and in-vitro anti-inflammatory studies and compound 2f shows promising anti-inflammatory activity.
Heterogeneity in Voter List Maintenance Practices: A Study of Florida Counties
Authors: Cao Jian , Kim Seo-young Silvia , Alvarez R. Michael
Published: April 2020

How do we ensure the accuracy and integrity of a statewide voter registration database, which often depends on aggregating decentralized, sub-state data with different list maintenance practices? We present Bayesian multivariate multilevel model to account for common patterns in local data while detecting anomalous patterns, using Florida as our example. We use monthly snapshots of state's voter database to estimate countywide change rates for multiple response variables (e.g., changes in voter's partisan affiliation), and then jointly model their changes. We show that there is much heterogeneity in how counties manage voter lists, resulting in very different patterns in additions, deletions, or changes of records. Our method identifies several Florida counties with anomalous rates of changes in the 2016 election.
DEA Performance Measurements in Cotton Production of Harran Plain, Turkey: A Single and Double Bootstrap Truncated Regression Approaches
Authors: Işgın Tamer , Özel Remziye , Bilgiç Abdulbaki , Florkowski Wojciech J. , Sevinç Mehmet Reşit
Published: April 2020

A single and a double bootstrap of data envelopment analysis examines Harran Plain cotton farming in Turkey. The single bootstrap technique was employed to derive the bias-corrected efficiency values under both constant returns to scale (CRS) and versus variable returns to scale (VRS) technologies while discriminating between the two technologies using a smoothed bootstrap test statistic. Results indicated that the farms operated under VRS technology. Given that VRS technology prevailed across Harran Plain cotton farmers sampled, we then determined factors affecting the bias-corrected technical efficiencies using the double bootstrap technique. Another important finding in the single bootstrap analysis is that cotton farmers in the region have a U-shaped technical efficiency based on the input and output scale. Thus, small-scale farmers tend to use their resources more efficiently in cotton farming than that of both medium- and large-scale farmers. Interestingly, the medium-scale farmers with resource inefficiency are at the forefront of the other two types of farmers (i.e., small-scale and large-scale) on the Harran Plain in Turkey. The results also showed that most of the farm and farmer specific as well as economic factors play a significant role in explaining the technical efficiency values.
Effects of Wound-Healing Management on Potato Post-Harvest Storability
Authors: Wang Yi , Naber Mack R. , Crosby Trevor W.
Published: April 2020

A critical step in profitable post-harvest potato storage management is to cure tubers at appropriate temperatures long enough for rapid wound-healing to prevent disease and defect development, but not too long to jeopardize storage quality. A two-year storage study was conducted in macro-storage totes at the University of Wisconsin Hancock storage research facility to evaluate the effects of higher wound-healing temperatures (15.6 °C, 18.3 °C) imposed for different durations, and compare them to the U.S. potato industry’s standard practice (12.8 °C), on weight loss and frying quality of multiple processing potato varieties during long-term storage. It was found that in the experimental setting of this study, warmer wound-healing temperatures resulted in (1) less weight loss, particularly during the early storage season across varieties; (2) ameliorated senescent sweetening of the Snowden variety; (3) improved fry quality of the Russet Burbank variety; (4) and no apparent disease spread during long-term storage if tubers were harvested healthy out of fields. Overall, no significant difference was found between 15.6 °C and 18.3 °C regarding their treatment effects. Our conclusion is that compared to the current standard practice, higher wound-healing temperatures may have the potential benefits of improving potato storage quality while reducing the economic penalty associated with weight loss for specific varieties, but tubers should be healthy at harvest in order to gain the benefits. Further research is needed to test if those benefits of higher wound-healing temperatures hold true in large-scale commercial storage facilities.
Molecular Genetic Analysis of Drought Stress Response Traits in Brachypodium spp.
Authors: González Juan M. , Redondo-Pedraza Jaime , Loarce Yolanda , Hammami Rifka , Friero Eva , Jouve Nicolás
Published: April 2020

The root is the organ responsible for the uptake of water and therefore has a very important role in drought tolerance. The aims of the present work were to characterize nine traits of the root system architecture (RSA) and the shoot dry weight (W) of twelve genotypes of Brachypodium spp. under water stress and to establish the relationship between RSA phenotyping traits and SSRs. Two culture media, one standard (SM) and one (PEG) to induced water stress have been used. In SM medium, B. stacei had the highest values of W and all the RSA traits, except the mean diameter of the seminal roots, followed by B. hybridum and B. distachyon. In the PEG medium, root length increased in B. distachyon, decreased in B. hybridum and remained the same in B. stacei. A two-way hierarchical cluster analysis from 117 polymorphic SSRs and the traits of the RSA of the Brachypodium spp. genotypes, was performed. Brachypodium genotypes were separated into three groups corresponding to each species. In the second way of the hierarchical clustering association were observed between five RSA variables and SSR markers, which could be useful in the search for genes or QTLs related to RSA characters.
Modify Leave-One-Out Cross Validation by Moving Validation Samples around Random Normal Distributions: Move-One-Away Cross Validation
Authors: Lv Liye , Song Xueguan , Sun Wei
Published: April 2020

The leave-one-out cross validation (LOO-CV), which is a model-independent evaluate method, cannot always select the best of several models when the sample size is small. We modify the LOO-CV method by moving a validation point around random normal distributions—rather than leaving it out—naming it the move-one-away cross validation (MOA-CV), which is a model-dependent method. The key point of this method is to improve the accuracy rate of model selection that is unreliable in LOO-CV without enough samples. Errors from LOO-CV and MOA-CV, i.e., LOO-CVerror and MOA-CVerror, respectively, are employed to select the best one of four typical surrogate models through four standard mathematical functions and one engineering problem. The coefficient of determination (R-square, R2) is used to be a calibration of MOA-CVerror and LOO-CVerror. Results show that: (i) in terms of selecting the best models, MOA-CV and LOO-CV become better as sample size increases; (ii) MOA-CV has a better performance in selecting best models than LOO-CV; (iii) in the engineering problem, both the MOA-CV and LOO-CV can choose the worst models, and in most cases, MOA-CV has a higher probability to select the best model than LOO-CV.