bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Short‐Circuit Discharge Characteristics of Capacitive Circuits Based on Safety Spark Test Apparatus
Authors: Liu Shulin , Zhao Yongxiu
Published: May 2014

Based on the safety spark test apparatus, the short‐circuit spark discharge (SCSD) characteristics of the simple capacitive circuit and switching converter are studied. It is pointed out that their SCSD process can be divided into four stages, that is, dielectric‐breakdown stage, spark‐generated stage, spark‐maintenance stage, and spark‐extinguish stage; moreover, there is different equivalent spark resistance in each stage. For the simple capacitive circuit, its spark resistance is larger and maintaining voltage is almost unchanged in the spark‐maintenance stage. For the switching converter, its output short‐circuit characteristics depend strongly on the load resistance and its maintaining voltage reduces rapidly with the decrease of the load resistance. The circuit model is proposed, which can simulate the output SCSD process of the switching converter. By using the least‐squares method, the relationship expressions between the discharge duration and capacitance in each time‐stage are derived and the corresponding equivalent resistance is obtained. The mathematical models are established, and the expressions of the discharge current and voltage are deduced. Experiment and simulation results are positive in the analysis showing the feasibility of the proposed models.
Research on Trust Propagation Models in Reputation Management Systems
Authors: Su Zhiyuan , Li Mingchu , Fan Xinxin , Jin Xing , Wang Zhen
Published: May 2014

Feedback based reputation systems continue to gain popularity in eCommerce and social media systems today and reputation management in large social networks needs to manage cold start and sparseness in terms of feedback. Trust propagation has been widely recognized as an effective mechanism to handle these problems. In this paper we study the characterization of trust propagation models in the context of attack resilience. We characterize trust propagation models along three dimensions: (i) uniform propagation and conditional propagation, (ii) jump strategies for breaking unwanted cliques, and (iii) decay factors for differentiating recent trust history from remote past history. We formally and experimentally show that feedback similarity is a critical measure for countering colluding attacks in reputation systems. Without feedback similarity guided control, trust propagations are vulnerable to different types of colluding attacks.
Some New Difference Sequence Spaces of Invariant Means Defined by Ideal and Modulus Function
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Kumar Vijay , Bhatia S. S.
Published: May 2014

The main objective of this paper is to introduce a new kind of sequence spaces by combining the concepts of modulus function, invariant means, difference sequences, and ideal convergence. We also examine some topological properties of the resulting sequence spaces. Further, we introduce a new concept of SθσΔm(I)-convergence and obtain a condition under which this convergence coincides with above-mentioned sequence spaces.
Underwater Sonar Signals Recognition by Incremental Data Stream Mining with Conflict Analysis
Authors: Fong Simon , Deb Suash , Wong Raymond , Sun Guangmin
Published: May 2014

Sonar signals recognition is an important task in detecting the presence of some significant objects under the sea. In military, sonar signals are used in lieu of visuals to navigate underwater and/or locate enemy submarines in proximity. In particular, classification algorithm in data mining has been applied in sonar signal recognition for recognizing the type of surfaces from which the sonar waves are bounced. Classification algorithms in traditional data mining approach offer fair accuracy by training a classification model with the full dataset, in batches. It is well known that sonar signals are continuous and they are collected as data streams. Although the earlier classification algorithms are effective in traditional batch training, it may not be practical for incremental classifier learning. Since sonar signal data streams can amount to infinity, the data preprocessing time must be kept to a minimum to fulfill the need for high speed. This paper presents an alternative data mining strategy suitable for the progressive purging of noisy data via fast conflict analysis from the data stream without the need to learn from the whole dataset at one time. Simulation experiments are conducted and superior results are observed in supporting the efficacy of the methodology.
Formation and Mechanical Properties of Pd-Si Binary Bulk Metallic Glasses
Authors: Chen Na , Zhang Hongxia , Yao Ke-Fu
Published: May 2014

Glassy spherical samples in the diameters up to 10 mm were produced in a binary Pd-Si alloy system. These Pd-Si bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) combine high strength of about 1600 MPa and superplasticity of over 70% together. In addition to abundant micrometer-scale shear bands, 10–20 nanometer-sized shear bands were also observed on the side surface of the deformed sample. The excellent ductility shown by the Pd-Si BMGs is suggested to arise from the nanoscale structural inhomogeneity.
Legendre Transform‐Dual Solution for a Class of Investment and Consumption Problems with HARA Utility
Authors: Chang Hao , Rong Xi-min
Published: May 2014

This paper provides a Legendre transform method to deal with a class of investment and consumption problems, whose objective function is to maximize the expected discount utility of intermediate consumption and terminal wealth in the finite horizon. Assume that risk preference of the investor is described by hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility function, which includes power utility, exponential utility, and logarithm utility as special cases. The optimal investment and consumption strategy for HARA utility is explicitly obtained by applying dynamic programming
principle and Legendre transform technique. Some special cases are also discussed.
Design of Logic Controllers Thanks to Symbolic Computation of Simultaneously Asserted Boolean Equations
Authors: Roussel Jean-Marc , Lesage Jean-Jacques
Published: May 2014

Formal methods can strongly contribute to improve dependability of controllers during design, by providing means to avoid flaws due to designers′ omissions or specifications misinterpretations. This paper presents a synthesis method dedicated to logic controllers. Its goal is to obtain the control laws from specifications given in natural language by symbolic computation. The formal framework that underlies this method is the Boolean algebra of n‐variable switching functions. In this algebra, thanks to relations and theorems presented in this paper, it is possible to formally express logical controllers specifications, to automatically detect inconsistencies in specifications, and to obtain automatically the set of solutions or to choose an optimal solution according to given optimization criteria. The application of this synthesis method to an example allows illustrating its main advantages.
Study on the Departure Process of Discrete-TimeGeo/G/1Queue with Randomized Vacations
Authors: Luo Chuanyi , Huang Xiaoying , Ding Chuan
Published: May 2014

This paper presents an analysis of the departure process of a discrete-timeGeo/G/1queue with randomized vacations. By using probability decomposition techniques and renewal process, the expression of expected number of departures during time interval(0+,n+]is derived. The relation among departure process, server state process, and service renewal process is obtained. The relation displays the decomposition characteristic of the departure process. Furthermore, the approximate expansion of the expected number of departures is gained. Since the departure process also often corresponds to an arrival process for a downstream queue in queueing network, it is hoped that the results obtained in this paper may provide useful information for queueing network.
Feasibility and Safety of Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery in Gastric Benign and Malignant Diseases
Authors: Jing Kong , Shuo-dong Wu , Ying Fan , Yu Wang
Published: May 2014

We systematically searched Medline and Cochrane Library and the related references occurred in the citations until February 2013 and included all the cases who suffered from gastric benign and malignant diseases where single incision laparoscopic surgery was performed. A total of 69 cases with gastric diseases undergoing SILS surgery were reviewed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and potential benefits of SILS for the gastric diseases. Demographic data, morphologic characterisation of the lesion, and perioperative parameters were analyzed retrospectively. The initial experience with SILS for benign gastric diseases and early gastric cancer showed that it is feasible and safe when performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons. Despite the limited number and technical difficulties it can be proposed in selected patients.
Multifault Diagnosis for Rolling Element Bearings Based on Intrinsic Mode Permutation Entropy and Ensemble Optimal Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Zhou Jianzhong , Xiao Jian , Xiao Han , Zhang Weibo , Zhu Wenlong , Li Chaoshun
Published: May 2014

This paper presented a novel procedure based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition and extreme learning machine. Firstly, EEMD was utilized to decompose the vibration signals into a number of IMFs adaptively and the permutation entropy of each IMF was calculated to generate the fault feature matrix. Secondly, a new extreme learning machine was proposed by combining ensemble extreme learning machine and the evolutionary extreme learning machine which used an artificial bee colony algorithm to optimize the input weights and hidden bias. The proposed diagnosis algorithm was applied on the three rolling bearing fault diagnosis experiments. The numerical experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method had an improved generalization performance than traditional extreme and other variants.
An Unusual Complication Seen in a Six-Year-Old Girl Treated with Open Reduction and Pemberton Osteotomy for Neglected Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Femoral Neck Fracture Sustained during Passive Motion under General Anesthesia
Authors: Uruc Vedat , Karabulut Samet
Published: May 2014

Despite the screening programs for newborn children with hip ultrasonography, neglected developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is still continuing to be a problem in the east and southeast parts of our country. The main complications are redislocation, avascular necrosis, and joint stiffness. We present an unusual complication, femoral neck fracture during passive motion under general anesthesia, of a six-year-old girl with neglected DDH treated by open reduction and Pemberton osteotomy without femoral shortening. The fracture was treated by open reduction and internal fixation combined with proximal femoral shortening. After 5 years the patient had excellent clinical results, no avascular necrosis was seen, and the radiologic appearance was type IA according to modified Severin classification. In conclusion older children with neglected DDH are more likely to have joint stiffness after open reduction. If there is even a little doubt about joint stiffness after open reduction, one should not refrain from femoral shortening. Also passive motion under general anesthesia should be applied very carefully with fluoroscopic control.
Compressive Fracture of Brittle Geomaterial: Fractal Features of Compression-Induced Fracture Surfaces and Failure Mechanism
Authors: Ren L. , Xie L. Z. , Li C. B. , Wang J.
Published: May 2014

Compressive fracture is one of the most common failure patterns in geotechnical engineering. For better understanding of the local failure mechanism of compressive fractures of brittle geomaterials, three compressive fracture tests were conducted on sandstone. Edge cracked semicircular bend specimens were used and, consequently, fresh and unfilled compressive fracture surfaces were obtained. A laser profilometer was employed to measure the topography of each rough fracture surface, followed by fractal analysis of the irregularities of the obtained compression-induced fracture surfaces using the cubic cover method. To carry out a contrastive analysis with the results of compressive fracture tests, three tension mode fracture tests were also conducted and the fractal features of the obtained fracture surfaces were determined. The obtained average result of the fractal dimensions of the compression-induced surfaces was 2.070, whereas the average result was 2.067 for the tension-induced fracture surfaces. No remarkable differences between the fractal dimensions of the compression-induced and tension-induced fracture surfaces may indicate that compressive fracture may occur, at least on the investigative scale of this work, in a similar manner to tension fracture.
Lightlike Hypersurfaces and Canal Hypersurfaces of Lorentzian Surfaces
Authors: Sun Jianguo , Pei Donghe
Published: May 2014

The lightlike hypersurfaces in semi-Euclidean space are of special interest in Relativity Theory. In particular, the singularities of these lightlike hypersurfaces provide good models for the study of different horizon types. And we obtain some geometrical propositions of the canal hypersurfaces of Lorentzian surfaces. We introduce the notions of flatness for these hypersurfaces and study their singularities.
Signature Scheme Using the Root Extraction Problem on Quaternions
Authors: Wang Baocang , Hu Yupu
Published: May 2014

The root extraction problem over quaternion rings modulo an RSA integer is defined, and the intractability of the problem is examined. A signature scheme is constructed based on the root extraction problem. It is proven that an adversary can forge a signature on a message if and only if he can extract the roots for some quaternion integers. The performance and other security related issues are also discussed.
Semisupervised Particle Swarm Optimization for Classification
Authors: Zhang Xiangrong , Jiao Licheng , Paul Anand , Yuan Yongfu , Wei Zhengli , Song Qiang
Published: May 2014

A semisupervised classification method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The semisupervised PSO simultaneously uses limited labeled samples and large amounts of unlabeled samples to find a collection of prototypes (or centroids) that are considered to precisely represent the patterns of the whole data, and then, in principle of the “nearest neighborhood,” the unlabeled data can be classified with the obtained prototypes. In order to validate the performance of the proposed method, we compare the classification accuracy of PSO classifier, k‐nearest neighbor algorithm, and support vector machine on six UCI datasets, four typical artificial datasets, and the USPS handwritten dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has good performance even with very limited labeled samples due to the usage of both discriminant information provided by labeled samples and the structure information provided by unlabeled samples.
Automatic Characterization of the Physiological Condition of the Carotid Artery in 2D Ultrasound Image Sequences Using Spatiotemporal and Spatiospectral 2D Maps
Authors: Hamid Muhammed Hamed , Azar Jimmy C.
Published: May 2014

A novel method for characterizing and visualizing the progression of waves along the walls of the carotid artery is presented. The new approach is noninvasive and able to simultaneously capture the spatial and the temporal propagation of wavy patterns along the walls of the carotid artery in a completely automated manner. Spatiotemporal and spatiospectral 2D maps describing these patterns (in both the spatial and the frequency domains, resp.) were generated and analyzed by visual inspection as well as automatic feature extraction and classification. Three categories of cases were considered: pathological elderly, healthy elderly, and healthy young cases. Automatic differentiation, between cases of these three categories, was achieved with a sensitivity of 97.1% and a specificity of 74.5%. Two features were proposed and computed to measure the homogeneity of the spatiospectral 2D map which presents the spectral characteristics of the carotid artery wall’s wavy motion pattern which are related to the physical, mechanical (e.g., elasticity), and physiological properties and conditions along the artery. These results are promising and confirm the potential of the proposed method in providing useful information which can help in revealing the physiological condition of the cardiovascular system.
Iterative Algorithms for the Split Problem and Its Convergence Analysis
Authors: Yao Zhangsong , Rafiq Arif , Kang Shin Min , Zhu Li-Jun
Published: May 2014

Now, it is known that the split common fixed point problem is a generalization of the split feasibility problem and of the convex feasibility problem. In this paper, the split common fixed point problem associated with the pseudocontractions is studied. An iterative algorithm has been presented for solving the split common fixed point problem. Strong convergence result is obtained.
Dynamics of a Predator-Prey System with Beddington-DeAngelis Functional Response and Delays
Authors: Liu Nai-Wei , Kong Ting-Ting
Published: May 2014

We consider a predator-prey system with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response and delays, in which not only the stage structure on prey but also the delay due to digestion is considered. First, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of a unique positive equilibrium by analyzing the corresponding locations of a hyperbolic curve and a line. Then, by constructing an appropriate Lyapunov function, we prove that the positive equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable under a sufficient condition. Finally, by using comparison theorem and theω-limit set theory, we study the global asymptotic stability of the boundary equilibrium and the positive equilibrium, respectively. Also, we obtain a sufficient condition to assure the global asymptotic stability.
Modeling and Analysis of New Products Diffusion on Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Li Shuping , Jin Zhen
Published: May 2014

We present a heterogeneous networks model with the awareness stage and the decision-making stage to explain the process of new products diffusion. If mass media is neglected in the decision-making stage, there is a threshold whether the innovation diffusion is successful or not, or else it is proved that the network model has at least one positive equilibrium. For networks with the power-law degree distribution, numerical simulations confirm analytical results, and also at the same time, by numerical analysis of the influence of the network structure and persuasive advertisements on the density of adopters, we give two different products propagation strategies for two classes of nodes in scale-free networks.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Victims of Intimate Partner Abuse: A Systematic Review of Use and Efficacy
Authors: Duffy Luke , Adams Jon , Sibbritt David , Loxton Deborah
Published: May 2014

Objectives. To examine: (i) the extent to which victims of intimate partner abuse (IPA) use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and (ii) the effects of CAM on their mental health. Methods. Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies measuring the extent of CAM use amongst victims of IPA and trials assessing the impact of CAM on mental health amongst this population. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool. Results. No studies measuring the level of CAM use amongst IPA victims, and only three studies assessing the effect of CAM on the mental health of this population were identified. Two studies looked at yogic breathing, while one assessed the effect of music therapy. All three studies showed some beneficial effects; however, each had a small sample, brief intervention period, and no follow‐up measurement and were considered to be at high risk of bias. Conclusions. The review found little evidence for the benefits of CAM for IPA victims. Findings suggest positive effects of music therapy and yogic breathing; however, methodological limitations mean that these results should be interpreted with caution. It is important that more research into the use and effects of CAM amongst this population are undertaken.
Nonlinear Behaviors of Tail Dependence and Cross-Correlation of Financial Time Series Model
Authors: Deng Wei , Wang Jun
Published: May 2014

Nonlinear behaviors of tail dependence and cross-correlation of financial time series are reproduced and investigated by stochastic voter dynamic system. The voter process is a continuous-time Markov process and is one of the interacting dynamic systems. The tail dependence of return time series for pairs of Chinese stock markets and the proposed financial models is studied by copula analysis, in an attempt to detect and illustrate the existence of relevant correlation relationships. Further, the multifractality of cross-correlations for return series is studied by multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis, which indicates the analogous cross-correlations and some fractal characters for both actual data and simulative data and provides an intuitive evidence for market inefficiency.
Use and Performance of the Melody Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve in Native and Postsurgical, Nonconduit Right Ventricular Outflow Tracts
Authors: Meadows Jeffery J. , Moore Phillip M. , Berman Darren P. , Cheatham John P. , Cheatham Sharon L. , Porras Diego , Gillespie Matthew J. , Rome Jonathan J. , Zahn Evan M. , McElhinney Doff B.
Published: May 2014

Background—

Melody Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve (TPV) replacement therapy represents an important advance in congenital cardiovascular interventions. The off-label extension of the Melody TPV to patients with nonconduit outflow tracts (right ventricular outflow tract [RVOT]) has the potential to vastly expand the population of patients eligible to benefit from nonsurgical restoration of RVOT function. However, knowledge on the performance of the Melody TPV in this setting is limited.

Methods and Results—

This is a multicenter, retrospective review of the Melody TPV when placed in nonconduit RVOTs, in which at least a portion of the circumference was composed of native tissue. Five centers contributed data on 31 patients. The median age at implantation was 24 years (range, 7–66). At a median follow-up of 15 months, all patients were alive. No patient had greater than mild TPV insufficiency, and the median maximum instantaneous gradients across the RVOT was 23 mm Hg. Stent fracture occurred in 32%. Eight patients developed more than mild TPV obstruction, of whom 6 were associated with identified stent fracture. Three patients developed blood stream infections. There were 5 reinterventions in 3 patients, including 3 repeat TPV implantations and 2 TPV explantations.

Conclusions—

Melody TPV implantation is feasible in selected patients with RVOTs comprised solely or predominantly native tissue and has the potential to expand the population of patients eligible to benefit from nonsurgical restoration of RVOT function. In early follow-up, valve competency seems preserved. The dominant mechanism of valve dysfunction seems to be related to stent fracture with recurrent obstruction. Additional data are necessary to better understand how to safely expand TPV therapy to this population.
Endothelial Sodium Channels Trigger Endothelial Salt Sensitivity With Aging
Authors: Paar Moritz , Pavenstädt Hermann , Kusche-Vihrog Kristina , Drüppel Verena , Oberleithner Hans , Kliche Katrin
Published: May 2014

The epithelial sodium channel is also expressed in vascular endothelium (endothelial sodium channel [EnNaC]). Depending on ambient sodium concentration, EnNaC is associated with mechanical stiffening of the endothelial cell cortex, leading to endothelial dysfunction. Because the incidence of both salt sensitivity and endothelial dysfunction increases with age, we investigated the abundance of EnNaC in aging mice. To assess EnNaC functionality and endothelial salt sensitivity, stiffness was measured while ambient sodium was varied. Aortae of young (3 months) and old (15 months) C57BL/6J wild-type mice were kept ex vivo on a physiological concentration of aldosterone (0.45 nmol/L). Spironolactone (10 nmol/L) and amiloride (1 μmol/L) were applied for aldosterone antagonism and EnNaC blockage, respectively. EnNaC at the endothelial cell surface was quantified by immunofluorescence staining. Cortical stiffness was monitored by atomic force microscopy when ambient sodium was raised from 135 to 150 mmol/L. In ex vivo aortae of older mice, endothelial cells had significantly higher EnNaC numbers than those of younger mice (+23%). In parallel, cortical stiffness was found increased (+8.5%). Acute application of high sodium led to an immediate rise in stiffness in both groups but was pronounced in endothelium of older mice (+18% versus +26%). Spironolactone and amiloride lowered EnNaC abundance and prevented endothelial stiffening under all conditions. We conclude that EnNaC mediates endothelial salt sensitivity in the aging process. This mechanism might contribute to the development of age-related cardiovascular disease and suggests the usage of spironolactone and amiloride specifically in the elderly.
Loss of Venous Integrity in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: De Guio François , Vignaud Alexandre , Ropele Stefan , Duering Marco , Duchesnay Edouard , Chabriat Hugues , Jouvent Eric
Published: May 2014

Background and Purpose—

Previous pathological studies in humans or in animal models have shown alterations of small arteries and veins within white matter lesions in cerebral small vessel disease. We aimed to evaluate in vivo, the integrity of the cerebral venous network using high-resolution MRI both within and outside white matter hyperintensities in cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).

Methods—

High-resolution T
2
*-weighted images were obtained at 7-T in 13 CADASIL patients with no or only mild symptoms and 13 age- and sex-matched controls. Macroscopic veins were automatically counted in the centrum semiovale and compared between patients and controls. In addition, T
2
* was compared between groups in the normal-appearing white matter.

Results—

Vein density was found lower in CADASIL patients compared with that in controls (−14.6% in patients,
P
<0.001). This was detected both within and outside white matter hyperintensities. Mean T
2
*, that is presumably inversely related to the venous density, was also found increased in normal-appearing white matter of patients (+7.2%,
P
=0.006). All results were independent from the extent of white matter hyperintensities.

Conclusions—

A significant reduction in the number of visible veins was observed in the centrum semiovale of CADASIL patients both within and outside white matter hyperintensities, together with an increase of T
2
* in the normal-appearing white matter. Additional studies are needed to decipher the exact implication of such vasculature changes in the appearance of white matter lesions.
Five new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Hengduan Mountains region, southwestern China
Authors: CHEN YOU-SHENG
Published: May 2014

Based on both herbarium and field observations, five new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Hengduan Mountains region, southwest China, namely S. fuscipappa, S. liangshanensis, S. pseudorockii, S. qamdoensis, and S. xiaojinensis, are described and illustrated.
Allium kuhrangense (Amaryllidaceae) a new species of Allium sect. Acanthoprason from Iran
Authors: AKHAVAN AZADEH , SAEIDI HOJJATOLLAH , FRITSCH REINHARD M.
Published: May 2014

Allium kuhrangense, an endemic to Chaharmahal Bakhtiari province (Iran) is described here as a new species. This species grows on gravelly and rocky slopes of a mountainous region. It is morphologically most similar to A. austroiranicum and can be recognized as a member of the A. austroiranicum alliance. Allium kuhrangense is a diploid species with chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 16. Diagnostic characters, description, taxonomic comments, photographs and a distribution map of the new species as well as an identification key for the related taxa are provided. According to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, A. kuhrangense is assessed here as a “Critically Endangered” species.
Mixibius parvus sp. nov. and Diphascon (Diphascon) ziliense sp. nov., two new species of Eutardigrada from Sicily
Authors: LISI OSCAR , SABELLA GIORGIO , PILATO GIOVANNI
Published: May 2014

Two new species, Mixibius parvus sp. nov. and Diphascon (Diphascon) ziliense sp. nov. are described from Sicily. Mixibius parvus sp. nov. has three macroplacoids and a microplacoid and differs from M. tibetanus, the only other known species of the genus with those characteristics, in having a wrinkled cuticle without true small tubercles, a shorter microplacoid, smaller claw pt index values, and in lacking a cuticular bar on the first three pairs of the legs.Diphascon (Diphascon) ziliense sp. nov. lacks eye spots, has a pharyngeal bulb with two macroplacoids and a septulum, and possesses lunules and cuticular bars on the legs. It is similar to D. (D.) ramazzottii and D. (D.) procerum but differs from them in characters of the cuticular ornamentation and, in addition, from D. (D.) ramazzottii in having lunules and slightly longer claws in proportion to the body size and to the buccal tube. The new species differs from D. (D.) procerum in having stouter claws with a wider common portion and with the main branches shorter in proportion to the total length of the respective claws.
Review of Baeolidia, the largest genus of Aeolidiidae (Mollusca: Nudibranchia), with the description of five new species
Authors: CARMONA LEILA , POLA MARTA , GOSLINER TERRENCE M. , CERVERA JUAN LUCAS
Published: May 2014

This paper discusses the systematics of the aeolid genus Baeolidia Bergh, 1888. To date, this monophyletic genus is the most diverse within Aeolidiidae with sixteen valid species. Excluding Baeolidia cryoporos Bouchet, 1977, the genus is restricted to the Indo-Pacific and Eastern Pacific. Species of Baeolidia show a huge intrageneric variability in several morphological characters. Only oral glands, if present, may distinguish Baeolidia from other aeolidiids genera. Aeolidiella occidentalis Bergh, 1875, Aeolidiella faustina Bergh, 1900 and Spurilla orientalis Bergh, 1905 are transferred to Baeolidia but they are considered nomina dubia. Five new species, Baeolidia rieae sp. nov., Baeolidia variabilis sp. nov., Baeolidia lunaris sp. nov., Baeolidia gracilis sp. nov. and Baeolidia scottjohnsoni sp. nov. are described.
Eight new species of Australian stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from South East Queensland
Authors: FERGUSON DAVID J. , LAMBKIN CHRISTINE L. , YEATES DAVID K.
Published: May 2014

We describe, diagnose and illustrate eight new species in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart, 1848 as follows: Anabarhynchus cretatus sp. n., Anabarhynchus darembal sp. n., Anabarhynchus iancommoni sp. n., Anabarhynchus longiseta sp. n. Anabarhynchus lyncurium sp. n., Anabarhynchus moretonensis sp. n., Anabarhynchus neboensis sp. n. and Anabarhynchus wintertoni sp. n. These represent all new species in collections from south east Queensland. These new species bring the total number of described Australian species in the genus to 112.
“Voting With Their Feet”
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Gropas Ruby
Published: May 2014

In this article, the authors present new empirical data on highly skilled emigrants from two southern European countries, Italy and Greece, which have been particularly hit by the global financial and Eurozone crisis. The data have been generated by an e-survey conducted in late spring and summer 2013. Through analyzing the responses of Greek and Italian citizens who have chosen to emigrate, the authors present new insights on their educational backgrounds, the conditions that have motivated their decision to emigrate, and the way in which they have defined their migration project. It is argued that the decision to migrate is driven by a sense of severe relative deprivation as a result of the crisis and a deep frustration with the conditions in the home country. The crisis seems to have magnified the “push” factors that already existed in Italy and Greece and that now nurture this migration wave. At the same time, however, this migration is also framed within a more general perspective of a vision of life in which mobility and new experiences are valued positively and also seen as part of one’s professional identity.
Corporate control, location and complexity of ICT R&D: A network analysis at the city level
Authors: Nepelski Daniel , De Prato Giuditta
Published: May 2014

We study the global system of information and communication technology (ICT) research and development (R&D) locations at city level by applying network analysis and profiling R&D locations with respect to technological complexity. We analyse how the position of a city in the network interacts with the level of its technological complexity. The results show that the ownership and location of R&D activities are concentrated. However, cities with high levels of R&D-centre ownership are not necessarily the most important locations of R&D activity. Instead, cities where the corporate control of R&D activities is concentrated play the role of the network hubs. We find that there is a clear relationship between the level of technological complexity and the choice of a city as a location for R&D activity and its role as a network hub. Along with the already established global cities, Chinese cities now occupy key positions in the ICT R&D network.
Check It!
Authors: Jaser Sarah S. , Patel Niral , Rothman Russell L. , Choi Leena , Whittemore Robin
Published: May 2014

Purpose

The purpose of the current study was to pilot-test a positive psychology intervention to improve adherence to diabetes management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

A total of 39 adolescents (ages, 13-17 years) with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers were randomized to a positive psychology intervention (n = 20) or an attention control (education) intervention (n = 19). The intervention condition used positive psychology exercises (eg, gratitude, self-affirmation), small gifts, and parent affirmations to boost positive affect. Outcomes included frequency of blood glucose monitoring, quality of life, and glycemic control.

Results

No main effects for treatment were observed at the 6-month follow-up. However, there was a significant association between adolescents’ levels of positive affect and measures of adherence, including self-report and meter downloads of glucose monitoring.

Conclusions

The results from the current study support the assertion that positive affect in the context of diabetes education is an important factor to consider in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Just Looking Around
Authors: Greene John O.
Published: May 2014

Information Manipulation Theory 2 (IMT2) is an example of the broad class of cognitive functionalist theories of message production. That is, IMT2 seeks to explicate message production (and in particular, deceptive message production) by recourse to the functional (rather than material) architecture of the system(s) that give rise to such messages. IMT2 is a welcome addition to theorizing in this area and certainly merits careful consideration and discussion. This essay examines the theory’s underlying architecture (particularly with respect to functionalist concerns of parsimony/elegance), formalisms that may not be sufficiently explicated, and aspects of deceptive-message production not explicitly addressed in the current version of IMT2. A final section of this essay invites a contrast between IMT2 and second-generation Action Assembly Theory.
Diagnostic value of 3D fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequence in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gramsch Carolin , Nensa Felix , Kastrup Oliver , Maderwald Stefan , Deuschl Cornelius , Ringelstein Adrian , Schelhorn Juliane , Forsting Michael , Schlamann Marc
Published: May 2014

Background

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable tool in the diagnostic work-up of multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, guidelines suggest MRI protocols containing axial dual-echo, unenhanced and post-contrast T1-weighted sequences. Especially the usage of dual-echo sequences has markedly improved the ability of MRI to detect cortical and infratentorial lesions. Newer 3D FLAIR sequences are supposed to provide even more positive imaging features such as improved detection of white matter lesions and a better resolution due to smaller slice thickness.

Purpose

To evaluate the diagnostic impact of 3D FLAIR sequences in comparison to conventional T2 and PD sequences.

Material and Methods

Examinations of 20 MS patients (10 women, 10 men) were reviewed retrospectively. All patients received MRI standard protocol containing PD and T2 sequences and a mid-sagittal T2 sequence. Additionally an isotropic 3D FLAIR sequence was performed. Whole-brain lesion load and number of lesions in juxtacortical, infratentorial, and midcallosal localizations were assessed by two observers independently and compared.

Results

Whole lesion load and the count of detectable lesions at the 3D FLAIR sequence were significantly higher in the juxtacortical and infratentorial regions compared to the PD/T2 sequence. Detection rate of midcallosal lesions did not differ significantly in sagittal T2 and 3D FLAIR sequence.

Conclusion

3D FLAIR sequences can improve the detection of brain lesions in patients with MS and are even more sensitive in depicting lesions in cortical and infratentorial locations than current dual-echo sequences. The sequence can replace both PD/T2 sequences and mid-sagittal T2 sequences of the corpus callosum.
A Comparative Political History: Israel, Geshur and the ‘Amurrite Age’
Authors: Miglio Adam E.
Published: May 2014

This article offers a comparative approach to political history in ancient Israel. It focuses on political refugees and prétendants to thrones ( kaltū) documented in the cuneiform tablet collection from Mari and demonstrates how the careers of kaltū transpired at the nexus of domestic and international politics. Thereafter, it treats the Absalom narrative and argues that Absalom's political aspirations, which led him to become a political refugee in Geshur, precipitated a waning in the relations between Israel and Geshur. The clearest evidence of the deteriorating relations between Israel and Geshur, it is argued, comes from the narrative concerning Absalom's revolt against David.
Using the Pe–Ayin Order of the Abecedaries of Ancient Israel to Date the Book of Psalms
Authors: First Mitchell
Published: May 2014

Various abecedaries with the unusual order of the letter pe preceding the letter ayin have been discovered in ancient Israel. These abecedaries date from 1200–600 bce. The pe–ayin order was already known from the acrostics of Lamentations 2–4, and from the Septuagint text of the acrostic of Proverbs 31. Scholars have not appreciated the significance of the pe–ayin order as an aid to dating the Psalms. The acrostic of Psalm 34 makes much more sense under the assumption that the pe verse preceded the ayin verse, and it seems that all the acrostics in the first book of Psalms (9–10; 25; 34; and 37) originally reflected the pe–ayin order. The acrostics in the fifth book of Psalms (111; 112; 119; and 145) reflect the ayin–pe order, an order that seems only to have arisen in Israel in the post-exilic period. The differing orders in the first and fifth books help to confirm an early date for the first book and a late date for the fifth book.
Image decomposition and uncertainty quantification for the assessment of manufacturing tolerances in stress analysis
Authors: Marcuccio Gabriele , Bonisoli Elvio , Tornincasa Stefano , Mottershead John E , Patelli Edoardo , Wang Weizhuo
Published: May 2014

This article presents a methodology for the treatment of uncertainty in nonlinear, interference-fit, stress analysis problems arising from manufacturing tolerances. Image decomposition is applied to the uncertain stress field to produce a small number of shape descriptors that allow for variability in the location of high-stress points when geometric parameters (dimensions) are changed within tolerance ranges. A meta-model, in this case based on the polynomial chaos expansion, is trained using a full finite element model to provide a mapping from input geometric parameters to output shape descriptors. Global sensitivity analysis using Sobol’s indices provides a design tool that enables the influence of each input parameter on the observed variances of the outputs to be quantified. The methodology is illustrated by a simplified practical design problem in the manufacture of automotive wheels.
Synthesis and characterization of novel polyimides derived from 2,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)pyrimidine
Authors: Wang Ying
Published: May 2014

A novel heterocyclic diamine monomer based on pyrimidine ring, 2,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)pyrimidine, was successfully synthesized. The obtained heterocyclic diamine was fully characterized and employed to synthesize a series of polyimides (PIs) by polycondensation with commercially available aromatic dianhydrides via the conventional two-step method. The effects of the pyrimidine rings into the main chain of the PIs were evaluated through the study of their solubility, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. The inherent viscosities of the resulting poly(amic acid)s were in the range of 0.58–1.45 dL g−1. Meanwhile, the PIs had good thermal stability with the 5% weight loss temperatures of 445–475°C under nitrogen atmosphere as well as outstanding mechanical properties with tensile strength of 93–105 MPa and elongation at break of 3.6–4.2%. The cutoff wavelength of the PI films were in the range of 348–413 nm.
Incorporation of elastomer into poly(ether ether ketone): an attempt to improve the damping factor
Authors: Parpaite Thibault , Sosson Franck , Sonnier Rodolphe , Clerc Laurent , Bergeret Anne
Published: May 2014

The incorporation of an elastomer phase into a poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) matrix was carried out using two different processing methods (melt blending (MB) and dry blending) to improve the damping factor (tan δ) of the composite with a minimal change in the PEEK stiffness. A cross-linked fluoroelastomer (CFE) was carefully chosen according to its high glass transition temperature ( Tα), high thermal stability and high modulus. The blends were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), modified Oberst test, flexural test and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter. According to SEM micrographs, an original well-dispersed PEEK-elastomer composite was obtained. The tan δ of the materials was evaluated using DMTA and modified Oberst test. Both techniques indicate that the incorporation of 5–20 wt% of CFE fine powders only slightly increased the tan δ of the material. Moreover, a decrease in flexural modulus and thermal stability of the blends was detected when there was an increase in the CFE content. Even if the properties are not yet significantly improved, it was well ascribed that the MB method was suitable to mix elastomer particles within a PEEK matrix. Poor interfacial adhesion has been identified as the main key parameter, which should be improved in further work.
Meta-Emotion Philosophy Among Asian Indian Immigrant Mothers in the United States
Authors: Fishman Jonathan L. , Raval Vaishali V. , Daga Suchi S. , Raj Stacey P.
Published: May 2014

We explored the meta-emotion philosophies of Indian immigrant mothers living in the Midwest region of the United States to expand the scarce literature on emotion socialization in diverse families. A total of 15 mothers of teen and preteen children participated in a meta-emotion interview, in which they were asked about their own and their children’s experiences of anger, sadness, and fear. We analyzed interview responses through an open-ended phenomenological approach and found the following major themes: familial context of emotions, subtle communication of emotions, and an overarching philosophy centering on inevitability of negative emotions and the importance of moving on. Mothers differed in how well they believed that they could move on. Overall, the present findings demonstrate the role culture plays in emotional experiences of immigrant mothers and serve as a reminder that theories based on European American families might have limited applicability to other cultural and ethnic groups.
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase–Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Zanelli Magda , Valli Riccardo , Capodanno Isabella , Ragazzi Moira , Ascani Stefano
Published: May 2014

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase–positive (ALK-positive) large B-cell lymphoma is a rare and aggressive variant of large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), first reported by Delsol et al in 1997, showing distinctive morphologic, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features. The latest 2008 World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid tissues recognizes ALK-positive LBCL as a separate entity. Here, we report a case of ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma in a 53-year-old man with diffuse abdominal and mediastinal lymph-nodes involvement. According to the Ann Arbor staging system, the patient had a stage IIIB lymphoma. The age-adjusted International Prognostic Index was 2 (stage III and elevated lactate dehydrogenase), so the disease was considered high risk. The patient underwent chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and an autologous stem cell transplantation. The patient is alive and free of disease 35 months after diagnosis.
Feasibility of a randomized controlled intervention with physical activity in participants with impaired glucose tolerance recruited by FINDRISC: A pilot study
Authors: Hellgren Margareta I , Petzold Max , Beteus-Forslund Heléne , Wedel Hans , Jansson Per-Anders , Lindblad Ulf
Published: May 2014

Background: This study aimed to explore the feasibility and effect of an intervention in clinical practice with isolated physical activity in individuals with IGT, recruited by the FINDRISC questionnaire. Methods: The questionnaire was sent to a population of 9734 individuals, 35–75 years old, in Sweden. Those with a risk score ≥15 were encouraged to perform an oral glucose tolerance test. Individuals with IGT were invited to participate in a randomized controlled trial with a focus on physical activity. The participants were allocated to one of three arms; basic intervention, intensive intervention or to care as usual. A total of 52 individuals were carefully examined and questionnaires about diet and lifestyle were completed at baseline and after one year. All analyses were adjusted for differences in age and sex, and calorie intake when relevant. Results :The prevalence of chronic diseases in the study population was high, creating considerable difficulties in conducting a standardized test for fitness. Waist circumference ( p=0.020), sagittal diameter ( p=0.035), body weight ( p=0.038) and BMI ( p=0.043) decreased significantly more in the intensive care group than in care as usual and the basic care group. However, the significance was abolished when differences in energy intake were accounted for. Conclusions: In an intention to treat, prospective lifestyle interventions with physical activity are feasible, but a high prevalence of comorbidities needs to be considered. Also, an intervention focused on isolated physical activity inevitably led to changes in diet with weight loss and significant improvement of essential risk factors in spite of the participants’ burden of chronic diseases.