bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Sex Education Program on Sex-related Knowledge and Attitude of the Pers야is with Chronic Mental Disorder
Authors: Sim Kyung Won , Lee Chung Sook
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of sex education programs on sex-related knowledge and attitude in the persons with chronic mental disorder. This study was a quasi-experimental study using nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. The subjects were 74 patients(39 experimental group, 35 control group) with chronic mental disorder in a rehabilitation ward and a closed ward in K hospital located in N city. The data were collected from Nov. 17 to Dec. 10，2003. Research instrument were 25 items measuring sexrelated knowledge and attitude 25 items used by Kwak Noh-jin(2001). This sex education program was conducted in a hospital education room for 4 weeks( 12 hours) by researcher and four mental health nurses. The data were analysed by percentage, mean score, standard deviation, x 2 -test, and t-test using SPSS 11.0 program. The results were as follows. 1. The experimental group received the sex education program showed a significantly higher sex-related knowledge score than the control group (t=9.41, p C001). 2. The experimental group received the sex education program showed a significantly higher sex-related attitudes score than the control group (t=7.14, p C001). This study concluded that the sex education program was changed effectively the sex-related knowledge and attitude for the persons with chronic mental disorder. Although the chronic mentally ill are in difficulty in the development of social intimacy due to the limitation of social ability, the continuous and further performance of sex education program will improve their sex-related knowledge and allow them to have a desirable attitudes.Thus, for them to have correct knowledge and desirable attitudes for sex, a community mental health center should incorporate a sex education program into psychosocial rehabilitation programs and conduct systematic and continuous sex education programs to improve social function of the persons with chronic mental disorder.
Autism and the HCA: working alongside neurodivergent colleagues
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: September 2024

This series of articles will explore the neurodivergent condition of autism from a range of different perspectives. This article, the ninth in the series, will look at the experiences and support needs of colleagues within health and social care services who are living with autism.
The care certificate 4: equality and diversity
Authors: Ellis Peter
Published: September 2024

This article provides an overview of what healthcare assistants need to understand about equality and diversity, the fourth standard of the care certificate.
Outcomes of osteoarticular ulna allograft for the reconstruction of proximal ulna tumour
Authors: Hajialiloo Sami Sam , Kargar Shooroki Khalil , Ammar Wael , Nahvizadeh Shimasadat , Mohammadi Mohammad , Dehghani Raza , Toloue Babak
Published: September 2024

Aims

The ulna is an extremely rare location for primary bone tumours of the elbow in paediatrics. Although several reconstruction options are available, the optimal reconstruction method is still unknown due to the rarity of proximal ulna tumours. In this study, we report the outcomes of osteoarticular ulna allograft for the reconstruction of proximal ulna tumours.

Methods

Medical profiles of 13 patients, who between March 2004 and November 2021 underwent osteoarticular ulna allograft reconstruction after the resection of the proximal ulna tumour, were retrospectively reviewed. The outcomes were measured clinically by the assessment of elbow range of motion (ROM), stability, and function, and radiologically by the assessment of allograft-host junction union, recurrence, and joint degeneration. The elbow function was assessed objectively by the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score and subjectively by the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) questionnaire.

Results

The mean follow-up of patients was 60.3 months (SD 28.5). The mean elbow flexion-extension ROM was 95.8° (SD 21). The mean MSTS of the patients was 84.4 (SD 8.2), the mean TESS was 83.8 (SD 6.7), and the mean MEPS was 79.2 (SD 11.5). All the patients had radiological union at the osteotomy site. Symptomatic osteoarthritic change was observed in three patients (23%), one of whom ended up with elbow joint fusion. Two patients (15.4%) had recurrence during the follow-up period. Surgical complications included two allograft fractures, two plate fractures, three medial instabilities, and two infections.

Conclusion

Osteoarticular ulna allograft reconstruction provides acceptable functional outcomes. Despite a high rate of complications, it is still a valuable reconstruction method, particularly in skeletally immature patients who need their distal humerus physis for the rest of hand growth.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(9):749–757.
Caregiver identity in health research: mothers of children with disabilities share their experiences with partnering on health research studies
Authors: Pozniak Kinga , Gorter Jan Willem
Published: September 2024

Engaging healthcare users and families in health research studies as partners – rather than as ‘research subjects’ in the traditional sense – is a growing trend in healthcare. This article is based on interviews with mothers of children with disabilities who partner in research studies on behalf of their children. For these mothers, participating in research is an identity-building activity that (1) builds on and validates their caregiving roles and (2) introduces new personal and professional possibilities for the future.
SOA-based reservoir computing using upsampling
Authors: Manuylovich E. , Bednyakova A. E. , Ivoilov D. A. , Terekhov I. S. , Turitsyn S. K.
Published: September 2024

We introduce a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach to reservoir computing based on upsampling and modulation, utilizing a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and photodetector as nonlinear elements without conventionally used delay loop. We demonstrated the 400-step prediction capability of the proposed scheme for the Mackey–Glass (MG) time series test.
Extending the coherence time limit of a single-alkali-atom qubit by suppressing phonon-jumping-induced decoherence
Authors: Tian Zhuangzhuang , Chang Haobo , Lv Xin , Yang Mengna , Wang Zhihui , Yang Pengfei , Zhang Pengfei , Li Gang , Zhang Tiancai
Published: September 2024

In the fields of quantum metrology and quantum information processing
with the system of optically trapped single neutral atoms, the
coherence time of a qubit encoded in the electronic states is regarded
as one of the most important parameters. A longer coherence time is
always pursued for higher precision of measurement and quantum
manipulation. The coherence time is usually assumed to be merely
determined by the relative stability of the energy between the
electronic states, and the analysis of the decoherence was conducted
by treating the atom motion classically. We proposed a complete
description of the decoherence of a qubit encoded in two ground
electronic states of an optically trapped alkali atom by adopting a
full description of the atomic wavefunction. The motional state,
i.e., the phonon state, is taken into account. In addition to
decoherence due to the variance of the differential light shift (DLS),
a new, to our knowledge, decoherence mechanism, phonon-jumping-induced
decoherence (PJID), was discovered and verified experimentally. The
coherence time of a single-cesium-atom qubit can be extended to T2≈20s by suppressing both the variances of
DLS and PJID by trapping the atom in a blue-detuned bottle beam trap
(BBT) and preparing the atom in its three-dimensional motional ground
states. The coherence time is the longest for a qubit encoded in an
optically trapped single alkali atom. Our work provides a deep
understanding of the decoherence mechanism for single atom qubits and
thus provides a new way to extend the coherence time limit. The method
can be applied for other atoms and molecules, opening up new prospects
for high-precision control of the quantum states of optically trapped
atoms or molecules.
Design and implementation of an asynchronous online course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) in computational genomics
Authors: Plaisier Seema B. , Alarid Danielle O. , Denning Joelle A. , Brownell Sara E. , Buetow Kenneth H. , Cooper Katelyn M. , Wilson Melissa A.
Published: September 2024

As genomics technologies advance, there is a growing demand for computational biologists trained for genomics analysis but instructors face significant hurdles in providing formal training in computer programming, statistics, and genomics to biology students. Fully online learners represent a significant and growing community that can contribute to meet this need, but they are frequently excluded from valuable research opportunities which mostly do not offer the flexibility they need. To address these opportunity gaps, we developed an asynchronous course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) for computational genomics specifically for fully online biology students. We generated custom learning materials and leveraged remotely accessible computational tools to address 2 novel research questions over 2 iterations of the genomics CURE, one testing bioinformatics approaches and one mining cancer genomics data. Here, we present how the instructional team distributed analysis needed to address these questions between students over a 7.5-week CURE and provided concurrent training in biology and statistics, computer programming, and professional development. Scores from identical learning assessments administered before and after completion of each CURE showed significant learning gains across biology and coding course objectives. Open-response progress reports were submitted weekly and identified self-reported adaptive coping strategies for challenges encountered throughout the course. Progress reports identified problems that could be resolved through collaboration with instructors and peers via messaging platforms and virtual meetings. We implemented asynchronous communication using the Slack messaging platform and an asynchronous journal club where students discussed relevant publications using the Perusall social annotation platform. The online genomics CURE resulted in unanticipated positive outcomes, including students voluntarily discussing plans to continue research after the course. These outcomes underscore the effectiveness of this genomics CURE for scientific training, recruitment and student-mentor relationships, and student successes. Asynchronous genomics CUREs can contribute to a more skilled, diverse, and inclusive workforce for the advancement of biomedical science.
Artificial intelligence and social accountability in the Canadian health care landscape: A rapid literature review
Authors: Anawati Alex , Fleming Holly , Mertz Megan , Bertrand Jillian , Dumond Jennifer , Myles Sophia , Leblanc Joseph , Ross Brian , Lamoureux Daniel , Patel Div , Carrier Renald , Cameron Erin
Published: September 2024

Background

Situated within a larger project entitled “Exploring the Need for a Uniquely Different Approach in Northern Ontario: A Study of Socially Accountable Artificial Intelligence,” this rapid review provides a broad look into how social accountability as an equity-oriented health policy strategy is guiding artificial intelligence (AI) across the Canadian health care landscape, particularly for marginalized regions and populations. This review synthesizes existing literature to answer the question: How is AI present and impacted by social accountability across the health care landscape in Canada?

Methodology

A multidisciplinary expert panel with experience in diverse health care roles and computer sciences was assembled from multiple institutions in Northern Ontario to guide the study design and research team. A search strategy was developed that broadly reflected the concepts of social accountability, AI and health care in Canada. EMBASE and Medline databases were searched for articles, which were reviewed for inclusion by 2 independent reviewers. Search results, a description of the studies, and a thematic analysis of the included studies were reported as the primary outcome.

Principal findings

The search strategy yielded 679 articles of which 36 relevant studies were included. There were no studies identified that were guided by a comprehensive, equity-oriented social accountability strategy. Three major themes emerged from the thematic analysis: (1) designing equity into AI; (2) policies and regulations for AI; and (3) the inclusion of community voices in the implementation of AI in health care. Across the 3 main themes, equity, marginalized populations, and the need for community and partner engagement were frequently referenced, which are key concepts of a social accountability strategy.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that unless there is a course correction, AI in the Canadian health care landscape will worsen the digital divide and health inequity. Social accountability as an equity-oriented strategy for AI could catalyze many of the changes required to prevent a worsening of the digital divide caused by the AI revolution in health care in Canada and should raise concerns for other global contexts.
Computer-aided discovery of novel SmDHODH inhibitors for schistosomiasis therapy: Ligand-based drug design, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, drug-likeness, and ADMET studies
Authors: Ja’afaru Saudatu Chinade , Uzairu Adamu , Hossain Sharika , Ullah Mohammad Hamid , Sallau Muhammed Sani , Ndukwe George Iloegbulam , Ibrahim Muhammad Tukur , Bayil Imren , Moin Abu Tayab
Published: September 2024

Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia or snail fever, is a tropical parasitic disease resulting from flatworms of the Schistosoma genus. This often overlooked disease has significant impacts in affected regions, causing enduring morbidity, hindering child development, reducing productivity, and creating economic burdens. Praziquantel (PZQ) is currently the only treatment option for schistosomiasis. Given the potential rise of drug resistance and the limited treatment choices available, there is a need to develop more effective inhibitors for this neglected tropical disease (NTD). In view of this, quantitative structure-activity relationship studies (QSAR), molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, drug-likeness, and ADMET predictions were applied to 31 inhibitors of Schistosoma mansoni Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (SmDHODH). The designed QSAR model demonstrated robust statistical parameters including an R2 of 0.911, R2adj of 0.890, Q2cv of 0.686, R2pred of 0.807, and cR2p of 0.825, confirming its robustness. Compound 26, identified as the most active derivative, emerged as a lead candidate for new potential inhibitors through ligand-based drug design. Subsequently, 12 novel compounds (26A-26L) were designed with enhanced inhibition activity and binding affinity. Molecular docking studies revealed strong and stable interactions, including hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, between the designed compounds and the target receptor. Molecular dynamics simulations over 100 nanoseconds and MM-PBSA free binding energy (ΔGbind) calculations validated the stability of the two best-designed molecules (26A and 26L). Furthermore, drug-likeness and ADMET prediction analyses affirmed the potential of these designed compounds, suggesting their promise as innovative agents for treating schistosomiasis.
Development of a Lipid-encapsulated TGFβRI-siRNA Drug for Liver Fibrosis Induced by Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Chen Ying-Chou , Lee Yueh-Lun , Lee Ching-An , Lin Tzu-Yuan , Hwu Edwin En-Te , Cheng Po-Ching
Published: September 2024

Schistosoma mansoni infection leads to chronic schistosomiasis and severe hepatic fibrosis. We designed a liver-targeted lipid nanoparticle (LNP) carrying siRNA against type I TGF-β receptor (TGFβRI) mRNA to treat schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in BALB/c mice. Knockdown of TGFβRI by LNP-siTGFβRI reduced LX-2 cell activation in vitro and alleviated liver fibrosis in S. mansoni-infected mice. αSMA and Col1a1 fibrotic markers in the liver tissues of infected mice were significantly suppressed in the treatment groups. In the serum of the LNP-siTGFβRI-treated groups, cytokines IFNγ, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12, RANTES (CCL5), and TNFα increased, while GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and KC (CXCL1) decreased compared to the control. Cell proportions were significantly altered in S. mansoni-infected mice, with increased CD56d NK cells and decreased CD19+ B cells and CD4+ T cells compared to naïve mice. Following LNP-siTGFβRI treatment, CD56d NK cells were downregulated, while B and memory Th cell populations were upregulated. The density of fibrotic regions significantly decreased with LNP-siTGFβRI treatment in a dose-dependent manner, and no systemic toxicity was observed in the major organs. This targeted siRNA delivery strategy effectively reduced granulomatous lesions in schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis without detectable side effects.
Advancements in FR4 dielectric analysis: Free space approach and measurement validation
Authors: Ali Syed Zeeshan , Ahsan Kamran , ul Khairi Danish , Alhalabi Wadee , Anwar Muhammad Shahid
Published: September 2024

In this study, the free space approach is utilized to calculate the relative permittivity of FR4 by utilizing the Nicholson-Ross-Weir Conversion. By examining the scattering characteristics, the free space technique offers a practical tool for describing dielectric materials. The simulations were run on CST-2019, and the frequency range of 8.5 GHz to 11.5 GHz was chosen. Experimental measurements were carried out utilizing a Vector Network Analyzer, To further reduce outside influences and assure accurate measurements in a controlled setting, an anechoic chamber was used. The outcomes of the simulations and actual measurements show the significance of the Nicholson- Ross-Weir Conversion and free space approach in calculating the relative permittivity of FR4. The correctness and dependability of the suggested technique are confirmed by the good agreement between the simulated and measured outcomes. This study makes a contribution to the field of electromagnetic characterization and offers a useful method for figuring out FR4’s dielectric characteristics. The results of this study have substantial effects on PCB design and optimization as well as other high-frequency electronic devices that operate in the frequency band under consideration.
DLGRAFE-Net: A double loss guided residual attention and feature enhancement network for polyp segmentation
Authors: Liu Jianuo , Mu Juncheng , Sun Haoran , Dai Chenxu , Ji Zhanlin , Ganchev Ivan
Published: September 2024

Colon polyps represent a common gastrointestinal form. In order to effectively treat and prevent complications arising from colon polyps, colon polypectomy has become a commonly used therapeutic approach. Accurately segmenting polyps from colonoscopy images can provide valuable information for early diagnosis and treatment. Due to challenges posed by illumination and contrast variations, noise and artifacts, as well as variations in polyp size and blurred boundaries in polyp images, the robustness of segmentation algorithms is a significant concern. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Double Loss Guided Residual Attention and Feature Enhancement Network (DLGRAFE-Net) for polyp segmentation. Firstly, a newly designed Semantic and Spatial Information Aggregation (SSIA) module is used to extract and fuse edge information from low-level feature graphs and semantic information from high-level feature graphs, generating local loss-guided training for the segmentation network. Secondly, newly designed Deep Supervision Feature Fusion (DSFF) modules are utilized to fuse local loss feature graphs with multi-level features from the encoder, addressing the negative impact of background imbalance caused by varying polyp sizes. Finally, Efficient Feature Extraction (EFE) decoding modules are used to extract spatial information at different scales, establishing longer-distance spatial channel dependencies to enhance the overall network performance. Extensive experiments conducted on the CVC-ClinicDB and Kvasir-SEG datasets demonstrate that the proposed network outperforms all mainstream networks and state-of-the-art networks, exhibiting superior performance and stronger generalization capabilities.
Chromatic processing and receptive-field structure in neurons of the anterior optic tract of the honeybee brain
Authors: Mota Theo , Paffhausen Benjamin , Menzel Randolf
Published: September 2024

Color vision in honeybees is a well-documented perceptual phenomenon including multiple behavioral tests of trichromaticity and color opponency. Data on the combined color/space properties of high order visual neurons in the bee brain is however limited. Here we fill this gap by analyzing the activity of neurons in the anterior optic tract (AOT), a high order brain region suggested to be involved in chromatic processing. The spectral response properties of 72 units were measured using UV, blue and green light stimuli presented in 266 positions of the visual field. The majority of these units comprise combined chromatic-spatial processing properties. We found eight different neuron categories in terms of their spectral, spatial and temporal response properties. Color-opponent neurons, the most abundant neural category in the AOT, present large receptive fields and activity patterns that were typically opponent between UV and blue or green, particularly during the on-tonic response phase. Receptive field shapes and activity patterns of these color processing neurons are more similar between blue and green, than between UV and blue or green. We also identified intricate spatial antagonism and double spectral opponency in some receptive fields of color-opponent units. Stimulation protocols with different color combinations applied to 21 AOT units allowed us to uncover additional levels of spectral antagonism and hidden inhibitory inputs, even in some units that were initially classified as broad-band neurons based in their responses to single spectral lights. The results are discussed in the context of floral color discrimination and celestial spectral gradients.
Association between various cathepsins and uterine leiomyoma: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Liu Tingxiu , Ren Yuehan , Zhang Junning , Yin Hechun , Zheng Zheng , Zhang Mingyue , Liao Yan , Yang Liangliang , Liu Chang , Liu Xinmin , Yan Peiyu
Published: September 2024

Emerging evidence suggests a tentative association between cathepsins and uterine leiomyoma (UL). Previous investigations have predominantly focused on the role of cathepsins in the metastasis and colonization of gynecological malignancies. Still, observational studies may lead to confounding and biases. We employed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the causative links between various cathepsins and UL. Instrumental variables (IVs) of cathepsins and UL within the European cohort were from extant genome-wide association study datasets. Sensitivity assessments was executed, and the heterogeneity of the findings was meticulously dissected to affirm the solidity of the outcomes. Our findings reveal the association between cathepsin B (CTSB) and an elevated risk of developing UL (all cancers excluded) [Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method]: OR = 1.06, 95%CI [1.02, 1.11], P = 0.008895711. Although the association does not persist after multiple testing or Steiger filtering, this finding adds to our understanding of the causal relationship between CTSB of various cathepsins and UL (all cancers excluded) and may herald new therapeutic avenues for individuals affected by this condition.
Diabetes self-management education programs: Results from a nationwide population-based study on characteristics of participants, rating of programs and reasons for non-participation
Authors: Weise Solveig , Du Yong , Heidemann Christin , Baumert Jens , Frese Thomas , Heise Marcus
Published: September 2024

Objective

Population-based studies of reasons for not participating in diabetes self-management education (DSME) are scarce. Therefore, we investigated what sociodemographic and disease-related factors are associated with participation in DSME, the reasons for not participating in DSME and how participants evaluate DSME.

Research design and methods

We used data from the nationwide survey “Disease knowledge and information needs–Diabetes mellitus 2017”, which included a total of 1396 participants diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (diabetes; n = 394 DSME-participants, n = 1002 DSME-never-participants). Analyses used weighted logistic or multinominal regression analyses with bivariate and multivariable approaches.

Results

Participants were more likely to attend DSME if they had a medium (OR 1.82 [95%CI 1.21–2.73]),or high (OR 2.04 [95%CI 1.30–3.21]) level of education, had type 1 diabetes (OR 2.46 [1.24–4.90]) and insulin treatment (OR 1.96 [95%CI 1.33–2.90]). Participants were less likely to attend DSME if they lived in East Germany (OR 0.57 [95%CI 0.39–0.83]), had diabetes for >2 to 5 years (OR 0.52 [95%CI 0.31–0.88] compared to >5 years), did not agree that diabetes is a lifelong disease (OR 0.30 [95%CI 0.15–0.62], had never been encouraged by their physician to attend DSME (OR 0.19 [95%CI 0.13–0.27]) and were not familiar with disease management programs (OR 0.67 [95%CI 0.47–0.96]). The main reasons for non-participation were participant’s personal perception that DSME was not necessary (26.6%), followed by lack of recommendation from treating physician (25.7%) and lack of information on DSME (20.7%). DSME-participants found DSME more helpful if they had a medium educational level (OR 2.06 [95%CI 1.10–3.89] ref: low level of education) and less helpful if they were never encouraged by their treatment team (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.26–0.82]).

Discussion

Professionals treating persons with diabetes should encourage their patients to attend DSME and underline that diabetes is a lifelong disease. Overall, the majority of DSME participants rated DSME as helpful.
Price prediction of polyester yarn based on multiple linear regression model
Authors: Qiu Wenyi , Mao Qingjun , Liu Chen
Published: September 2024

China’s polyester textile industry is one of the notable contributors to national economy. This paper takes polyester yarn, core raw material in polyester textile industry chain, as research object, and deeply explores its price indicators and risk hedging mechanisms through multiple linear regression models and Holt-Winters approaches. It is worth mentioning that with continuous development of digital technology, digital transformation of production lines and warehouses has become an important development feature in various industries. This study also actively complies with this trend, and innovatively incorporates the upstream and downstream production line start-up rates into price prediction model. Through this initiative, we can more comprehensively consider the impact of supply and demand changes on price of polyester yarn, thus making prediction results more closely reflect the actual market situation. This quantitative analysis method undoubtedly provides new ideas for enterprises to better grasp market dynamics in digital era.
Urban gardening education: User reflections on mobile application designs
Authors: Duda Ewa
Published: September 2024

Mobile gardening applications offer a wide range of opportunities to shape the environmental behaviour of city dwellers, while stimulating action for greater access and contact with nature. Despite this, their educational potential is not sufficiently recognised and exploited. The aim of this qualitative research is to gain an in-depth understanding of the extent to which existing mobile apps can facilitate digital education for the development of green cities. For this purpose, the user insight approach has been applied. The study analyses 7 980 reviews of fourteen apps applications from Google Play Store. The results reveal the motivations behind users’ decision to download urban gardening apps and the features that facilitate or hinder their use. The obtained results are relevant not only for green information systems research but also for app developers, and those involved in the urban education process: city authorities, urban educators, pro-environmental associations, and grassroots activists, among others.
Computational screening and molecular docking of compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) by targeting DNA topoisomerase I to design potential anticancer drugs
Authors: Shimu Mst. Sharmin Sultana
Published: September 2024

Each year thousands of people suffer across the globe due to higher cancer incidence and mortality rates. Additionally, the treatment option for cancer patients is also costly, and often cancer drugs suffer from lower efficacy with more side effects. The DNA topoisomerase can function as an established cancer target because Human Topoisomerase (Top1) regulates genetic transcription during the post-mitotic phase and plays a critical role in DNA supercoiling during replication and repair. Therefore, during drug therapy, blocking the Top1 may be crucial for inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. Here, the TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) compounds have been screened through the virtual screening. The Chinese medicine library’s virtual screening process made it possible to narrow down the compound list to 29 compounds based on binding energy (-7.1 to -9.3Kcal/mol), while following Lipniski filtering, MM/PB (GB) SA filtering was used to screen the remaining 22 compounds and the top four compounds were chosen based on binding free energy. Here, the four compounds; CID-65752 (T2972: Rutaecarpine), CID-5271805 (T4S2126: Ginkgetin), CID-9817839 (T2S2335: Dehydroevodiamine) and CID-51106 (T3054: Daurisoline) had comparatively higher binding energy of -8.2, -8.5, -8.3 and -8.2 respectively during molecular docking than other compounds. Among these four compounds, no toxic profile of the two screened compounds; CID-5271805 and CID-9817839 was found in ADMET filtering. Moreover, the SASA (solvent accessible surface area), Rg (radius of gyrations), RMSD (root mean square deviation), and RMSF (root mean square fluctuation) profile of the drug-protein complex reveals the stability and rigidity of the compounds in molecular dynamics simulation study. However, these studies need to be validated in experimental approaches to develop more potent and effective cancer drugs.
Maternal dietary antioxidant supplementation regulates weaned piglets’ adipose tissue transcriptome and morphology
Authors: Laviano Hernán D. , Gómez Gerardo , Núñez Yolanda , García-Casco Juan M. , Benítez Rita M. , de las Heras-Molina Ana , Gómez Fernando , Sánchez-Esquiliche Fernando , Martínez-Fernández Beatriz , González-Bulnes Antonio , Rey Ana I. , López-Bote Clemente J. , Muñoz María , Óvilo Cristina
Published: September 2024

Antioxidant supplementation in critical periods may be useful for improvement of piglet early viability and development. We have evaluated the effects of maternal perinatal diet inclusion of a high vitamin E level (VE, 100 mg all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate /kg), hydroxytyrosol (HT, 1.5 mg/kg), or their combination (VEHT), in comparison to a control diet (C, 30 mg all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate /kg), on the offspring homeostasis and metabolism, analysing the weaned piglets’ adipose tissue transcriptome and adipocyte morphology. Diets were provided to pregnant Iberian sows (n = 48, 12 per treatment) from gestation day 85 to weaning (28 days postpartum) and 48 piglets (n = 12 per treatment) were sampled 5 days postweaning for dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue analyses. RNA obtained from 6 animals for each diet was used for paired-end RNA sequencing. Results show that supplementation of sows’ diet with either vitamin E or hydroxytyrosol had substantial effects on weaned piglet adipose transcriptome, with 664 and 587 genes being differentially expressed, in comparison to C, respectively (q-value<0.10, Fold Change>1.5). Genes upregulated in C were mainly involved in inflammatory and immune response, as well as oxidative stress, and relevant canonical pathways and upstream regulators involved in these processes were predicted as activated, such as TNF, IFNB or NFKB. Vitamin E, when supplemented alone at high dose, activated lipid biosynthesis functions, pathways and regulators, this finding being accompanied by increased adipocyte size. Results suggest an improved metabolic and antioxidant status of adipose tissue in animals born from sows supplemented with individual antioxidants, while the combined supplementation barely affected gene expression, with VEHT showing a prooxidant/proinflamatory functional profile similar to C animals. Different hypothesis are proposed to explain this unexpected result. Findings allow a deeper understanding of the processes taking place in adipose tissue of genetically fat animals and the role of antioxidants in the regulation of fat cells function.
Turning the needle into the haystack: Culture-independent amplification of complex microbial genomes directly from their native environment
Authors: Pilling Olivia A. , Sundararaman Sesh A. , Brisson Dustin , Beiting Daniel P.
Published: September 2024

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has revolutionized microbiology, but many microbes exist at low abundance in their natural environment and/or are difficult, if not impossible, to culture in the laboratory. This makes it challenging to use HTS to study the genomes of many important microbes and pathogens. In this review, we discuss the development and application of selective whole genome amplification (SWGA) to allow whole or partial genomes to be sequenced for low abundance microbes directly from complex biological samples. We highlight ways in which genomic data generated by SWGA have been used to elucidate the population dynamics of important human pathogens and monitor development of antimicrobial resistance and the emergence of potential outbreaks. We also describe the limitations of this method and propose some potential innovations that could be used to improve the quality of SWGA and lower the barriers to using this method across a wider range of infectious pathogens.
COMO SOBREVIVER À GOVERNAMENTALIDADE NEOLIBERAL?
Authors: Lira José Matheus , Helal Diogo Henrique , Mello Sérgio Carvalho Benício de
Published: September 2024

Dilema: O que a família Ki-taek pode fazer para sobreviver diante das dificuldades causadas pela governamentalidade neoliberal?
Objetivo educacional: O caso foi elaborado com o intuito de avaliar as implicações da governamentalidade neoliberal nas condições de vida dos indivíduos e analisar as possibilidades que os indivíduos possuem para superar essas implicações, bem como o papel do Estado nesse quesito.
Contextualização: A família Ki-taek vive em uma situação de penúria em um porão insalubre na periferia de Seul, na Coreia do Sul, graças ao desemprego. Submetendo-se a subempregos para obter o mínimo, a situação da família começa a melhorar quando Ki-woo começa a trabalhar como tutor de inglês da filha mais velha de um casal abastado da cidade. Deslumbrados com a opulência da vida do casal, a família Ki-taek inicia um plano para se infiltrar naquele lar privilegiado. A fresta que foi aberta por Ki-woo é suficiente para que todos os seus familiares vejam uma oportunidade de ascensão social, mesmo que às custas de uma sucessão de artimanhas que revelarão ter um alto custo.
Tema principal: Governamentalidade neoliberal.
Público: O caso pode ser explorado por discentes de pós-graduação em Administração (lato e/ou stricto sensu).
Originalidade/valor: Através deste caso, os discentes podem desenvolver o conceito foucaultiano de governamentalidade neoliberal, construindo um olhar crítico sobre o papel exercido pelo Estado no fomento da justiça social. Além disso, espera-se que os discentes ponderem acerca das implicações éticas das decisões e ações empreendidas pela família Ki-taek.
Transforming Rural Education
Authors: Gönder Hasan
Published: September 2024

Törökország évszázados modernizációs útja 1839-ben a Tanzimat Rendelettel, más megközelítések szerint 1923-ban a modern török állam létrehozásával kezdődött, ám ez a folyamat állandó kihívásokba ütközött. A fentről irányított egypárti politikát a tradicionalisták és a reformisták közötti küzdelem, a katonai beavatkozások, az iszlamista mozgalmak felemelkedése és a kemalista reformok kísérték. A vidéki tényező gyakran elhanyagolt hatásai fellelhetők a török modernizációban. Ezeken a területeken a vidéki tanárok új generációjának kinevelésére létrehozott oktatási intézmények, a Falusi Intézetek (FI) létfontosságú szerepét. Az FI-k 1940 és 1954 között működtek és jelentősen hozzájárultak a vidék körülményeinek javításához és az ország modernizációjához. Az FI-k jól mutatják, milyen jelentős szerepe van a vidéki szempontok értelmezésének a török modernizáció megvalósításában és későbbi megértésében is. A dolgozat célja olyan alternatív elméletek keresése, amelyek újragondolják a török oktatási rendszer és modernizáció befejezetlen folyamatainak összefüggéseit értelmező korábbi nézőpontokat. Az érvelés hangsúlyosan foglalkozik a hagyományos madarissal és a modern iskolák szerepével az Oszmán Birodalomban és a köztársasági rendszerben, valamint, hogy az FI-k milyen egyedi módon hatottak a török modernizációra, s mik voltak az FI-kre adott társadalmi válaszok. A tanulmány megállapítja: 1) Törökországban a társadalmi megosztottság akadályozta a modernizációt 2) a Falusi Intézetek egy sajátos, különálló vidéki értelmiségi csoportot neveltek 3) az FI-k gyorsan meghonosították a demokratikus értékeket és 4) a politikai törések megváltoztatták Törökország modernizációs irányultságát. Összefoglalva, a disszertáció bemutatja a török modernizációs dilemmákat, hangsúlyozza a vidéki területek sajátos körülményeinek jelentőségét és a FI-k átalakító erejét a modernizációs folyamatban.
Sigmoid Colon Angiomyolipoma as a Culprit for Intermittent Constipation and Hematochezia
Authors: Tabet Aoul Amel , Achiamah Ama , Leavitt Nathaniel , He Chun , Kandal Pujan , Patel Varun
Published: September 2024

Colonic angiomyolipomas (CA) are very rare benign tumors arising from perivascular epithelioid cells. CA are most often found either during screening colonoscopies or as an incidental finding during abdominal imaging. However, some rare cases of CA are found to present with abdominal pain and hematochezia. In this article, we report a case of a 62-year-old man who presented with intermittent hematochezia and constipation who was found to have an angiomyolipoma in the sigmoid colon. The lesion was successfully removed endoscopically with no recurrence of bleeding and no complications within the first 30 days after the procedure.
Beyond the Norm: Acute Multifocal Diverticulitis
Authors: Thakkar Bianca , Tidwell Jasmine , Nguyen Minh Thu T. , Yu Gengsheng , Parikh Neil
Published: September 2024

Colonic diverticulitis is inflammation of diverticula, which are sac-like protrusions in the colonic wall. It is thought that increased intraluminal pressure and trapped food leads to inflammation. Newer theories suggest that alterations in the gut microbiome and chronic inflammation play a role as well. Diverticulitis commonly affects discrete sections of colon. Acute multifocal diverticulitis is defined as diverticulitis in at least 2 different sites of the colon separated by at least 10 cm, which is very rare. Ideal management is unclear; however, our patient improved with supportive measures and antibiotics without complications of abscess, perforation, or need for surgery.
Post-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation After 23 Months of Entecavir Prophylaxis
Authors: McKinney Caleb J.C. , Bigelow William , Venkat Preethi G. , Shah Neeral L.
Published: September 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can occur in immunosuppressed patients. Specifically, HBV reactivation after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy is a known complication with few case reports and specific treatment guidelines. Our patient experienced HBV reactivation 27 months after CAR T-cell therapy even with 23 months of entecavir prophylaxis. This unique case highlights the need for further investigation into the risk of HBV reactivation after CAR T-cell therapy and the proper HBV prophylaxis during and after CAR T-cell therapy.
PERCEPÇÕES DA EQUIPE SOBRE A PRÁTICA INTERPROFISSIONAL NA ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE DE SERVIDORES FEDERAIS
Authors: Tavares de Oliveira Priscila , Azevedo Cristina Camelo de , Júnior Waldemar Antônio das Neves
Published: September 2024

A interprofissionalidade vem ganhando cada vez mais destaque entre as equipes de saúde, com profissionais de diversas formações atuando juntos, integrando saberes, ampliando repertórios de práticas e, assim, fortalecendo o trabalho em saúde e a integralidade da atenção. Neste estudo, objetivou-se realizar uma análise propositiva dos discursos produzidos pelos profissionais de uma equipe de atenção à saúde de servidores federais, sobre a prática interprofissional na referida equipe. Foi desenvolvido um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, baseado na perspectiva teórico-metodológica das práticas discursivas e produção de sentidos. Após a aprovação pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa, duas rodas de conversa virtuais ocorreram entre os meses de novembro e dezembro de 2021, por meio de plataforma de videoconferência. A pesquisa contou com a participação de onze integrantes da equipe, os quais foram esclarecidos previamente, e tiveram o anonimato garantido. As informações produzidas, após transcritas integralmente, possibilitaram a construção de mapas dialógicos, por meio dos quais foram visualizadas quatro categorias temáticas que surgiram a partir da interação dialógica proporcionada pelas rodas de conversa. Ressaltaram-se as falas dos profissionais sobre as principais características da interprofissionalidade, e sobre as práticas realizadas pela equipe que se enquadram no conceito de interprofissionalidade. Dentre os desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais na implementação dessa prática, encontraram-se a formação tradicional individualista, as falhas na comunicação, resistências por parte dos pares e o recente estado de pandemia vivenciado.
ANÁLISE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA HANSENÍASE EM MUNICÍPIO HIPERENDÊMCIO DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO: ESTUDO ECOLÓGICO, 2013-2018
Authors: Elbrena Puatie , Pinheiro Ingrid Geovanna Bezerra , Andrade Thaíse Vieira de , Andrade Acácio William Faustino de , Silva David Souza , Marcos Eliene Aparecida Cerqueira , Matos Diogo Uester Silva , Matos Thaís Silva , Souza Carlos Dornels Freire de , Carmo Rodrigo Feliciano do
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal da hanseníase no município de Petrolina, estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico envolvendo todos os casos de hanseníase notificados em residentes no período de 2013 a 2018. Para a análise do comportamento temporal, foi utilizado um modelo de regressão por pontos de inflexão. Foram utilizadas abordagens de varredura espacial e espaço-temporal para a identificação de aglomerados espaciais de alto risco no município. Foram notificados 1.458 casos de hanseníase no período, expressando uma média anual de 243 casos e uma taxa de detecção de 71,96 por 100 mil habitantes. A tendência foi considerada estacionária (APC -3,2; p=0,5). Ao examinar a evolução espaço-temporal da doença, observou-se um aumento no número de bairros com registro da doença entre 2013 e 2018. A análise de varredura espaço-temporal identificou dois aglomerados significativos. Um deles entre 2014 e 2016, com um risco relativo de 2,63 (p<0,001), englobando 10 bairros, e o segundo aglomerado no período de 2013 a 2015, sendo composto por um bairro (RR=3,15; p<0,001). Foram detectados aglomerados de alto risco e taxas de prevalência de alta endemicidade a hiperendemicidade na área urbana de Petrolina, atrelados às características de vulnerabilidade social desses espaços.
ACESSO DE MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA AOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Alves Keyse Christine , Mendes Paulo Cezar , Santos Flávia de Oliveira , Moura Gerusa Gonçalves
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O acesso de pessoas em situação de rua aos serviços de saúde constitui um verdadeiro desafio para gestores e usuários. Neste grupo merece destaque as mulheres em situação de rua (MSR), cujo grau de vulnerabilidade é acrescido pelo acometimento de violências de diferentes tipos e as particularidades inerentes ao sexo feminino. Objetivo: Este estudo busca entender o cenário do acesso de mulheres em situação de rua aos serviços de saúde. Material e métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa, nas  bases de dados LILACS, MedLine, SciELO e Pubmed. Foram selecionados artigos originais, completos, nacionais, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, publicados entre Janeiro de 2009 a Agosto/2023. Resultados: Foram incluídos nesta RI um total de 10 artigos encontrados através da seleção realizada nas bases de dados. A literatura evidenciou que MSR não costumam procurar atendimento médico, a não ser em caso de grande necessidade ou urgência, além de enfrentar diversos desafios para garantir sua saúde. Conclusão: As MSR procuram por serviços de saúde apenas em situações de urgência, desejam mudanças no estilo e na qualidade de vida, porém frequentemente sofrem discriminações pelos próprios profissionais da saúde. As equipes de Consultório na Rua são os serviços de saúde mais procurados por estas mulheres. Por fim, há uma necessidade de desenvolvimento de políticas públicas no âmbito da saúde voltadas para as MSR, considerando seus modos de vida, suas vivências e suas particularidades.
Lenguas extranjeras en la escuela primaria: una oportunidad en construcción
Authors: Bonadeo Flavia , Postiglioni María Cecilia
Published: September 2024

Entre diciembre de 2022 y setiembre de 2023, el Colectivo de Docentes de Lenguas Extranjeras de Santa Fe participó de la escritura del Diseño Curricular Jurisdiccional para la Educación Primaria. Se describe aquí el proceso de escritura, las consultas realizadas a la docencia santafesina y las definiciones curriculares tomadas en consecuencia. Se resalta la urgente necesidad de ampliar la presencia de las lenguas extranjeras en la escuela primaria, cuestión que depende en este momento de la evaluación de las autoridades educativas actuales.
In Vitro Effects of Imatinib on Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase and Glutathione Reductase
Authors: Tandogan B. , Sengezer C. , Ulusu Nuryie Nuray
Published: September 2024

Imatinib (Gleevec, STI571) is a drug used to treat certain types of cancer. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase are enzymes important for redox homeostasis and play key roles in many cellular processes. The purpose of the present work is to evaluate the in vitro effects of imatinib on sheep brain cortex glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and on bovine kidney cortex, bovine liver and yeast glutathione reductase. Kinetic studies on the inhibition of enzymes by imatinib have been investigated by using Lineweaver-Burk double reciprocal plot and values summarized with graphs by plotting the data using Linewear-Burk diagrams of 1/v against 1/[S] at each [I]. Imatinib inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase with an IC50 value of 0.7 mM. It inhibits bovine kidney cortex, liver and yeast glutathione reductase in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 0.8, 0.92, 1 mM, respectively. We have investigated the kinetic characteristics, inhibition types and constants (Ki). Inhibition of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase represents an attractive approach to the development of anticancer agents. This study shows the molecular effectiveness of the drug on purified enzymes of various sources. Understanding the kinetic mechanism of the drug and enzyme relationship may be a powerful approach to the future drug studies concerning new cancer drugs, drug resistance and new aspects in cancer therapy.