bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study on the diversity of Orthoptera from Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo
Authors: Tan Ming Kai , Abdul Wahab Rodzay bin Haji
Published: June 2018

The Orthoptera, comprising grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids, is diverse and species rich in tropical Southeast Asia, including the island of Borneo. However, not every part of Southeast Asia is equally well sampled and studied. This includes Brunei Darussalam, specifically at the Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre (KBFSC) within the Ulu Temburong National Park. We present here an annotated and illustrated checklist of Orthoptera from the primary dipterocarp forest around Kuala Belalong based on three field trips in 2016 and 2017. We provide notes on their taxonomy (including how each species was identified) and natural history of species. In total, 72 species were recorded, representing eight of the 16 monophyletic orthopteran superfamilies. In total, 73.6% of all species recorded were singletons and doubletons, indicating that many species are probably rare. The collection led to the discovery of ten species new to science already published separately, with more expected to be described from pending material and confirmation. More species, including undescribed ones (at least four new species), are expected with continued sampling effort. Despite the 21 day-long surveying efforts from three trips around KBFSC, we believe that the species list provided here is non-exhaustive and only a preliminary one.
Les corridors centrasiatiques des nouvelles routes de la soie : un nouveau destin continental pour la Chine
Authors: Cariou Alain
Published: June 2018

Après avoir donné la priorité au développement de sa façade littorale, la Chine fait son retour dans son hinterland continental. Dans le cadre des nouvelles routes de la soie, l’essor des réseaux de transport et l’ouverture des frontières font du Xinjiang une nouvelle fenêtre à l’origine d’un processus de régionalisation transnationale en Asie centrale. Mais le Xinjiang est aussi un territoire stratégique pour la diffusion de l’influence chinoise à l’échelle de l’Eurasie grâce à la construction de corridors transcontinentaux.
Géographie de la pauvreté et de la précarité dans les zones rurales de moyenne montagne
Authors: Reynès Jean
Published: June 2018

Si la pauvreté rurale est un objet qui a retenu l’attention des sciences humaines et sociales, elle n’a que rarement été explicitement travaillée comme telle par les géographes. Cette position de recherche entend préciser comment les caractéristiques des espaces ruraux et les contraintes de la moyenne montagne spécifient les situations de pauvreté et de précarité qui s’y déploient ; ces interactions entre contexte géographique et condition sociale sont loin d’avoir toujours la même allure.
L’art-thérapie en soutien et complément… à l’accompagnement éducatif et psychologique de mineurs étrangers en situation de précarité
Authors: Gourmelon Marie
Published: June 2018

Hors la rue est une association qui accueille des enfants étrangers les plus éloignés de toute protection sur le territoire francilien. Ces jeunes peuvent être isolés ou mal accompagnés, en situation de rue, d’errance, d’exploitation. L’expérience de la précarité et de l’exclusion engendre une souffrance psychosociale et nuit à leur bon développement. L’absence de reconnaissance sociale, la stigmatisation, et le vécu migratoire, bouleversent profondément ces adolescents dans leur construction identitaire. La dévalorisation de l’estime de soi et l’altération de la confiance en soi perturbent l’acquisition de nouvelles compétences ou connaissances. Freinés dans leur épanouissement, ces enfants se désinvestissent également de leur corps. Les ateliers d’art-thérapie mis en place auprès de ces jeunes leur ont permis de retrouver du plaisir à ressentir et une image d’eux-mêmes positive. La proposition d’art-thérapie, outre le soin, consiste en une aide complémentaire au travail éducatif en permettant de soutenir le travail d’accroche, de médiation et d’évaluation. Ainsi, le rôle de l’art-thérapeute dans une équipe pluridisciplinaire est transversal. Propice à créer du lien social, l’art-thérapie peut jouer un rôle dans l’intégration sociale de personnes dites « exclues ».
Le jeu, le groupe, la scène… : prise de risques et/ou planche(s) de salut ? Un dispositif de médiation théâtrale pour adolescents et jeunes adultes
Authors: Sevilla Nathalie , Mahyeux Dominique
Published: June 2018

Cet entretien propose, au fil d’une conversation fructueuse, de questionner la dimension thérapeutique de la médiation théâtrale, au regard du libre parcours d’une metteure en scène et professeure d’art dramatique, laquelle a développé ce médium en direction d’adolescents et de jeunes adultes en difficulté. Tissage minutieux et regard expert qui, au cours de la rencontre singulière et foisonnante avec ce public, exhaussent le potentiel structurel du théâtre à mettre en mouvement corps et psyché. Une échappée belle à laquelle l’auteur, psychologue clinicienne nous convie, au vif de ce qui se joue pour le sujet entre fiction et réel, identifications et création, désir et émotions. Ce faire-semblant sur les planches deviendrait-il par la grâce du jeu (je), de la rencontre de l’autre et de l’adresse au public conjuguées, la scène de tous les possibles ?
La délicate conjugaison de l’éducatif et du psychiatrique… en Maison d’enfant à caractère social ( mecs )
Authors: Bourcier Gérard
Published: June 2018

Faisant le constat d’une assez grande méconnaissance mutuelle des institutions éducatives et pédopsychiatriques, l’auteur brosse le tableau d’une collaboration « augmentée », fructueuse pour les uns et les autres, permettant en particulier aux équipes éducatives des mecs de prendre confiance dans leurs propres capacités soignantes.
Einstein et l’univers-bloc
Authors: Dolbeault Joël
Published: June 2018

Tout au long de sa vie scientifique, Albert Einstein réfléchit aux conséquences philosophiques de ses propres travaux sur le temps. Dès 1918, il opère un lien entre la théorie de la relativité et la conception de l’univers-bloc, d’après laquelle tous les moments du temps coexistent. Par la suite, il clarifie ce lien en expliquant que la conception de l’univers-bloc est l’interprétation la plus commode et la plus objective de la théorie. Einstein développe aussi l’idée que, du fait de son engagement déterministe, la physique dans son ensemble permet de soutenir l’univers-bloc. Avec divers interlocuteurs, il discute certaines objections contre cette conception.
Constructing Writing Practices in Nursing
Authors: Mitchell Kim M.
Published: June 2018

Background:

Although the quality of student writing is often lamented by faculty, writing instruction is an area of nursing education that has received little attention. Nursing programs rarely teach writing from a disciplinary perspective, and promoting the drilling of basic skills, such as grammar, has failed to engage student writers.

Method:

A critical examination of the history of writing research, the nursing academic context, and the epistemology of writing as meaning making will provide the rationale behind a need for a new perspective on nurses' writing.

Results:

A model to support socially constructed writing is proposed, which explores the writer's identity, relational aspects of writing, creative and emotional knowing, and the writing context.

Conclusion:

This article continues the conversation about re-visioning and enhancing the value of writing within the nursing profession. The knowledge created while writing can contribute to stimulating thinking, decision making in practice, and identity formation of nurses. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(7):399–407.]
Exploring the Student Peer Mentor's Experience in a Nursing Peer Mentorship Program
Authors: Vandal Nadine , Leung Katerina , Sanzone Lia , Filion Françoise , Tsimicalis Argerie , Lang Ariella
Published: June 2018

Background:

The mentor's role is often underreported in the literature. Given the pivotal role peer mentors play in mentorship efforts, the current study sought to explore the experiences and perceptions of peer mentors enrolled in a university-affiliated, nursing student, peer mentorship program.

Method:

A qualitative descriptive design was conducted using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. A one-time interview was conducted with participants using a semistructured interview guide. Inductive thematic content analysis occurred concurrently with data collection.

Results:

Eight mentors participated revealing four major themes: Doing What I Wish Someone Had Done for Me, Initial Face-to-Face Contact Is Key, Being Thrown to the Wind, and Practicing What I Will Use as a Nurse.

Conclusion:

Aspects of self-directed learning may benefit future careers for student peer mentors. Opportunities for program enhancement include coping and communication skills for peer mentors. Future “scaled-up” evaluations are needed for ongoing quality improvements using multimethod approaches. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(7):422–425.]
Development and Assessment of an Interprofessional Education Simulation to Promote Collaborative Learning and Practice
Authors: Iverson Lindsay , Bredenkamp Nancy , Carrico Cathy , Connelly Susan , Hawkins Kim , Monaghan Michael S. , Malesker Mark
Published: June 2018

Background:

We designed an interprofessional education (IPE) clinical simulation that paired nurse practitioner and pharmacy students. The objective was to evaluate the effect on attitudes of interprofessional collaborative learning and practice.

Method:

Perceptions were assessed using the Student Perceptions of Interprofessional Clinical Education-Revised instrument and reflection questions that assessed the simulation's effectiveness in requiring team knowledge and experience from each profession whether the experience improved individual student clinical performance, and how this team approach influenced patient outcomes.

Results:

Students believed that working with another health profession was educationally beneficial and should be a required experience; they also believed that this collaboration improved patient outcomes and satisfaction. Responses also indicated student ambiguity about their role in interprofessional care, and that clinical rotations were not the ideal setting for first professional interactions with others.

Conclusion:

Students expressed satisfaction and increased awareness of the importance of collaboration to ensure patient safety. Increasing interprofessional education experiences prior to clinical rotations should be considered. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(7):426–429.]
Las sociedades paleohispánicas del área no indoeuropea y la escritura
Authors: De Hoz Javier
Published: June 2018

Disponemos de poca información, pero se pueden establecer algunas hipótesis sobre el uso que de la escritura hicieron distintos grupos sociales en el área no indoeuropea de la Península. En el mundo tartesio la escritura alcanzó escasa difusión, y además la aristocracia no desarrolló usos simbólicos, a diferencia de otras aristocracias mediterráneas. El S.O. depende de las prácticas tartesias, pero innova al desarrollar una epigrafía sepulcral propia. El mundo ibérico presenta una gran complejidad; algunas áreas no van más allá que los tartesios, pero existe un estamento básicamente dedicado al comercio que desarrolla un uso activo y variado de la escritura.
El yacimiento de Mas Castellar de Pontós y el comercio del cereal ibérico en la zona de Emporion y Rhode (SS.IV-II a.C.)
Authors: Adroher A Mª , Pons i Brun E , Ruiz de Arbulo J
Published: June 2018

Se presentan nuevos hallazgos en el yacimiento que permiten identificar en su última fase (siglos IV-II a. C.) un posible santuario de Deméter y Core rodeado de un campo de silos. Apuntan en este sentido el hallazgo de una estructura de culto incluyendo un altar helenístico en mármol pentélico y un gran depósito votivo localizado en el interior de un silo. Este depósito permite identificar el significado ritual de otros hallazgos anteriores en el interior de silos.
Terracotas arquitectónicas del Santuario de La Encarnación (Caravaca de la Cruz, Murcia)
Authors: Ramallo Asensio Sebastián F.
Published: June 2018

En este trabajo se analiza un conjunto de 61 placas arquitectónicas y 9 antefijas procedentes del santuario de La Encarnación (Caravaca. Murcia). Las placas presentan decoración en un doble registro con palmetas circunscritas en la parte superior y un doble friso de palmetas de siete pétalos alternando con flores de loto, opuesto por su base, y separado por una fila de espirales en horizontal. Las antefijas reproducen los bustos de sátiros y ménades. Se trata de un material importado que tiene en la Península Itálica sus paralelos más inmediatos. Se fechan en el siglo 11 a. C. y documentan un proceso de monumentalización precoz de un viejo santuario ibérico, impulsado seguramente por la propia Roma.
El pasaje del Pseudo-Fredegario sobre el Dux Francio de Cantabria y otros indicios de naturaleza textual y onomástica sobre presencia franca tardoantigua al sur de los Pirineos
Authors: Larrañaga Elorza K.
Published: June 2018

Los sorprendentes hallazgos de Aldaieta (Álava) y Buzaga (Navarra), que han revelado la presencia -al Sur de la cadena pirenaica- de comunidades humanas de -al parecer- fuerte componente militar y con elementos de civilización material a referir inequívocamente a un mundo de influencias norpirenaico (del área aquitano-novempopulana, más concretamente), han hecho que el autor vuelva a preguntarse sobre la credibilidad de un célebre y discutido texto - el del Pseudo-Fredegario-, que hablaba de un enclave cispirenaico que pagaba tributos a los reyes francos allá por los finales del siglo VI y/o comienzos del VII. Un detenido examen de la cuestión lleva al autor a pensar que, a la luz de los referidos hallazgos de orden arqueológico, lo que en dicho pasaje resultaba de más chocante y llamativo se vuelve ahora menos incongruente o inverosímil, y que otra serie de indicios de naturaleza textual y onomástica, que antes venían siendo preteridos a falta de referentes hermenéuticos mínimamente aceptables, cobran hoy, a la luz de esos mismos hallazgos, una nueva dimensión interpretativa, enigmática y turbadora.
Las realizaciones de lo «arcaico» en el mundo ibérico
Authors: Cabrera P. , Croissant F. , Chapa T. , Olmos R. , Perea A. , Prados L. , Rouillard P. , Rouveret A. , Schnapp A. , Tortosa T.
Published: June 2018

Se presenta el informe preliminar elaborado por un equipo hispanofrancés sobre las implicaciones de lo llamado «arcaico» en la cultura ibérica: su concepto, su historiografia y su relación con otras columnas mediterráneas. Se tratan aspectos particulares: bronces griegos e ibéricos, joycria orientalizante, escultura local, cerámica, problemas iconográficos, etc. Se analizan también diferentes formas de comercio en época temprana con las áreas mediterráneas. El trabajo en equipo se desarrollará en el futuro.
Una nueva ciudad púnica en Hispania: TGLYT - Res Publica Taglitana, Tíjola (Almería)
Authors: Alfaro Asins Carmen
Published: June 2018

Entre los materiales arqueológicos que ingresaron en el M.A.N. de las antiguas excavaciones de L. Siret en Villaricos (Almeria), cabe destacar unas monedas de cobre con topónimo neopúnico, desconocidas hasta ahora, que evidencian la existencia de una nueva ceca púnica. La transcripción de dicho topónimo neopúnico en THLYT nos lleva a identificar esta ciudad emisora de moneda con la res publica Tagilitana, citada en una lápida del siglo II d. C. hallada en el término municipal de Tijola (Almeria). El extraordinario parecido fonético entre el nombre púnico, el latino y el de la localidad actual, facilita esta atribución. La factoría púnica podría estar emplazada en la Muela del Ajo de Tíjola, importante yacimiento en el que se han documentado materiales arqueológicos que muestran una ocupación entre
los siglos V y II a. C.
Primer avance sobre el gran bronce celtibérico de Contrebia Belaisca (Botorrita, Zaragoza)
Authors: Díaz Sanz María Antonia , Medrano Marqués Manuel M
Published: June 2018

Se presenta en este trabajo una breve descripción arqueológica y cronológica del yacimiento de Contrebia Belaisca, incidiendo especialmente en los datos proporcionados por las campañas más recientes de excavaciones. Se ofrece una visión global del entorno histórico en que se encuadran los tres documentos escritos sobre bronce hallados en la ciudad, aportando nuevos datos arqueológicos sobre el hallazgo del primer texto celtibérico. El objetivo primordial es dar un avance sobre el gran bronce de Botorrita, aparecido en la campaña de excavaciones de 1992, comentando los datos que proporcionan las circunstancias de su descubrimiento y la lectura de algunos signos que se observaban a simple vista, antes de su limpieza.
Tipos cerámicos y Geoquímica: el Castrelín de San Juan de Paluezas (León)
Authors: Galván V. , Fernández-Posse M. D. , Sánchez-Palencia F. J. , Galván J.
Published: June 2018

Se discuten algunos métodos de caracterización mineralógica de cerámicas, buscando el establecimiento de tipos que permitan combinar los datos morfométricos y la funcionalidad de las vasijas con su estructura físico-química. Para ello se utilizan varias categorías cerámicas, análisis de fluorescencia de rayos X y un tratamiento de los datos con análisis multivariante de los óxidos mayoritarios y minoritarios en la composición de la cerámica. Los materiales analizados proceden de castros prerromanos de la Zona Arqueológica de Las Médulas, caracterizados por unas producciones a mano que se engloban dentro de la Cultura Castreña del Noroeste.
El mosaico polícromo con decoración geométrica de círculos intersecantes de la villa romana de Barrugat (Bítem, Tarragona)
Authors: Járrega Domínguez Ramón
Published: June 2018

Presentamos aquí un nuevo mosaico polícromo hallado en una villa romana situada en el lugar llamado Barrugat (Bitem, Tarragona), en Cataluña, cerca de la ciudad de Tortosa. Este mosaico (que fue destruido después de su descubrimiento) se conoce gracias a un dibujo hecho en el año 1911, que había sido olvidado hasta tiempos recientes.
Behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete under combined compression and shear stresses
Authors: Liu K. , Yan J. , Zou C.
Published: June 2018

To investigate the behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) under combined compression and shear stresses, 75 hollow cylinder specimens prepared with various replacement ratios of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) were tested with a self-designed loading device. The results showed that the failure pattern was similar for RAC with different replacement ratios of RCA. The ultimate shear stress improved with an increasing axial compression ratio of less than 0.6 and declined after exceeding 0.6. A modified failure criterion for RAC with normal strength under combined compression and shear stresses was proposed. A new procedure to predict the shear strength for RAC beams without stirrups was developed based on the proposed failure criterion, showing a better correlation with the experimental results than the predictions calculated by GB50010, Eurocode 2, fib Model Code 2010 and ACI 318-11.
Mean curvature flow with surgery of mean convex surfaces in three-manifolds
Authors: Brendle Simon , Huisken Gerhard
Published: June 2018

In a previous paper, we introduced a notion of mean curvature flow with surgery for embedded, mean convex surfaces in

\mathbb{R}^3

. In this paper, we extend this construction to embedded, mean convex surfaces in a Riemannian three-manifold. Moreover, by combining our results with earlier work of Brian White, we are able to give a precise description of the longtime behavior of the surgically modified flow.
Estimación del grado de severidad de incendios en el sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, usando Sentinel-2 y su comparación con Landsat-8
Authors: Delegido J. , Pezzola A. , Casella A. , Winschel C. , Urrego E. P. , Jimenez J. C. , Sobrino J. A. , Soria G. , Moreno J.
Published: June 2018

Assessment of rural fire severity is fundamental to evaluate fire damages and to analyze recovery processes in a low-cost and efficient way. Burnt areas covering shrubs and grasslands were estimated in more than 30,000 km2  in Argentina from December 2016 to January 2017. The study area presented in this work is located in the South of the Buenos Aires province, and it covers a semiarid area with the presence of xerophilous shrubs and grasslands. This is one of the most abundant ecosystem in Central and Southern Argentina. Field campaigns were carried out over the area affected by the fire in order to georreference the burnt plots and characterized the fire severity in 5 levels. The objective of this work is to analyze the feasibility of new satellites Sentinel-2 for fire studies, as well as provide a comparison to Landsat-8 derived results, because this mission has been one of the most used in it. Pre-fire and postfire Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 imagery were used to analyze different band combinations to compute a Normalized Difference Spectral Index (NDSI), as well as the difference of this index before and after the fire (dNDSI). Results show a significant correlation (R2 =0.72 and estimation error of 0.77) between dNDSI derived from Sentinel-2 and the severity levels obtained in the field campaign using bands 8a and 12 (NIR and SWIR), the same bands as used in the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR). Moreover, results derived from Sentinel-2 are better than results derived from Landsat-8 (R2 =0.63 and estimation error of 0.92). Furthermore, it is observed that the correlation is improved when Sentinel-2 bands 6 and 5 (located in the Red-Edge region) are considered (R2 =0.74 and estimation error of 0.76). An inverse correlation has been observed between the recovery of vegetation four months after the fire and the fire severity level.
Material Particulado en Suspensión en el Río de la Plata: importancia del río Bermejo en su variabilidad espacio-temporal
Authors: Camiolo M. D. , Cozzolino E. , Jaureguizar A.J.
Published: June 2018

Spatio-temporal variability of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) in the Río de la Plata (RdlP) is analyzed from 2002-2014 of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data and explained in terms of its main tributaries flows. The monthly mean showed maximum during late summer to mid-autumn, and minimum in mid-winter to early summer. The Bermejo river (BeR), is the tributary that more sediment in suspension brings. This situation was reflected in the significant relationship between the mean monthly concentrations of SPM with the average monthly flow of BeR. Seasonal variation in SPM concentration, showed maximum values in fall, followed by summer, and minimum values in winter and spring, reflecting the monthly pattern of discharge of the BeR with one and two months of delay. The pattern of spatial variation differentiated threes regions: the inner, central and outer. The annual variability evidenced a marked seasonality in the spatial coverage pattern of the waters with the highest SPM. The pattern of the anomalies, appeared to be related to the influence of river discharge, what it showed the temporal pattern of SPM anomalies did not related to the ENSO (El Niño – Sourthen Oscillation) cycle. These results allowed us to denote the importance of BeR (not ENSO dependent) to explain the pattern of observed SPM anomaly in the RdlP region.
Recursos tecnológicos y educativos destinados al enfoque pedagógico Flipped Learning
Authors: Serrano Pastor R.M. , Casanova López O.
Published: June 2018

La incursión de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) sobre la docencia ha aportado múltiples beneficios en la educación en general y la universitaria en particular, facilitando y mejorando el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se presenta un proyecto en equipo docente universitario cuya finalidad era integrar diversos recursos educativos y herramientas TIC en el proceso formativo de las diferentes asignaturas, evaluando su capacidad para favorecer la aplicación del enfoque pedagógico Flipped Learning. Se explica brevemente la metodología Flipped utilizada y se muestran los diferentes recursos herramientas tecnológicas agrupadas según su funcionalidad, describiendo sus posibilidades de aplicación didáctica. Los resultados obtenidos tras el análisis del proyecto muestran la gran cantidad y variedad de TIC que favorecen el Flipped Learning, siendo numerosas sus aplicaciones didácticas tanto dentro como fuera de las sesiones presenciales. El uso de estas TIC ha supuesto un impacto positivo en los estudiantes, mejorando su participación y percepción de las tareas académica y aumentando la cantidad y calidad de conocimientos adquiridos. También ha tenido un efecto positivo en la labor del profesorado y en la relación docente-alumnado. Han favorecido la puesta en práctica de dinámicas activas como el trabajo colaborativo y la discusión, constatándose los beneficios que ofrece el binomio tecnología y enfoque Flipped. Su aplicación en muy variadas asignaturas evidencia su posibilidad de extrapolación a otras materias y disciplinas de conocimiento.
Competencia digital en los planes de estudios de universidades públicas españolas
Authors: Peirats Chacón J. , Marín Suelves D. , Granados Saiz J. , Morote Blanco D.
Published: June 2018

La incorporación masiva de los recursos tecnológicos en las aulas de los centros de  infantil  y primaria  es una  realidad evidente desde hace unos años, gracias a planes estatales como Escuela 2.0 o autonómicos como EducaMadrid o los Centros  Educativos  Inteligentes  en  la Comunidad Valenciana. Y aunque mucho se  ha  escrito  en  los  últimos  tiempos acerca  de  la  competencia  digital  y  la formación inicial del profesorado en las universidades públicas, es necesario seguir indagando y reflexionando sobre su adecuación e implementación en una sociedad en continuo cambio tecnológico. Sobre este tema se pretende analizar, en estas líneas, los planes de estudio de los Grados de Magisterio de varias universidades públicas, tanto de España como de la Comunidad Valenciana. El fin último es conocer, describir y reflexionar sobre la formación inicial del profesorado en  competencia  digital,  ya  que  serán próximamente los docentes que se ocupen de un alumnado nativo en tecnología. Los resultados del estudio muestran ciertas limitaciones en cuanto al total de créditos específicos sobre tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) y, por otra parte, la escasa presencia como transversal, en un número muy reducido de materias; exceptuando, obviamente, el alumnado de la mención en TIC. Por tanto, y a modo de conclusión, las posibilidades reales  de  mejorar  la  enseñanza  y  la adaptación a la nueva realidad social a través de las TIC quedan pendiente, en gran medida, de la voluntad de cada futuro docente, que deberá buscar una mayor formación fuera de las titulaciones oficiales analizadas.
La narrativa audiovisual como método de enseñanza de la filosofía
Authors: Medina Vicent Maria
Published: June 2018

Resumen: en el presente escrito se presenta una experiencia educativa concreta en la enseñanza de la filosofía moderna y contemporánea a alumnado de tercer curso de los grados en Humanidades: Estudios Interculturales, e Historia y Patrimonio de la Universitat Jaume I (Castelló de la Plana). El objetivo central de este artículo es mostrar cómo las competencias genéricas y específicas de esta asignatura pueden ejercitarse a través de los recursos cinematográficos y audiovisuales. Se argumenta que las series de televisión y el cine son una herramienta útil para generar espacios de reflexión en el aula, lugares desde los que el alumnado puede ejercitar el diálogo filosófico y conectar las diferentes propuestas filosóficas con referentes visuales que le son familiares y fáciles de reconocer.
Estudo experimental de pilares curtos de concreto armado reforçados com PRFC
Authors: Silveira Muniz Mara Bruna , Silva Carvalho Ricardo José
Published: June 2018

Segundo a NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014), uma estrutura, ou parte dela, atinge um estado limite quando se torna inutilizável ou quando deixa de atender os requisitos para a qual foi projetada. As exigências fundamentais para que uma edificação seja considerada adequada para o seu uso engloba segurança, funcionalidade e durabilidade. Justamente nesse viés encontra-se o objetivo do presente trabalho, reforçar pilares de concreto armado através de polímero de fibra de carbono a fim de comparar sua eficiência em relação à peça que não foi reforçada. Foram produzidos seis pilares com dimensões de 50 cm de altura por 10 cm de largura, onde foram separados em dois grupos, o primeiro contendo três pilares com excentricidade igual a zero, dos quais dois receberam reforço e um pilar de referência, ou seja, não recebeu reforço; o segundo grupo também é composto de três pilares, porém com excentricidade igual a 2 cm, onde dois foram reforçados com polímero de fibra de carbono e um pilar de referência. Conclui-se que o reforço se mostrou eficiente em ambas as situações, tanto na aplicação de carga concêntrica quanto na aplicação de carga excêntrica. Sendo o uso das fibras a 90º do eixo vertical mais apropriada para cargas concêntricas e o uso de fibras a 45º do eixo vertical para cargas excêntricas.
Avaliação de desempenho de empresas especializadas em construção de plantas industriais: gestão de indicadores ambientais.
Authors: Sousa Leite Adriana De Oliveira , Dutra Matheus Gonçalves
Published: June 2018

O aumento da conscientização ambiental no fim do século XX, proporciona cada vez mais empresas incorporar o Sistema de Gestão Ambiental (SGA). No entanto, a implantação de um SGA não assegura por si só um nível de gerenciamento satisfatório. Esse trabalho busca avaliar o desempenho ambiental de empresas especializadas na construção de plantas industriais através da comparação de indicadores ambientais de 3 empresas contratadas para implantação de um empreendimento localizado em São Gonçalo do Amarante (CE). Para o estabelecimento de critérios de avaliação de desempenho ambiental foram consultados documentos técnicos utilizados pelas empresas. Os resultados obtidos para os indicadores auto monitoramento de resíduos e monitoramento do índice de fumaça emitida por equipamentos a diesel demonstram comprometimento das empresas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento das atividades e mitigação de impactos ambientais. Sobre o tratamento de não conformidades pode-se observar que foi realizada uma gestão eficiente dos desvios encontrados no empreendimento, porém houve falha na análise dos critérios para abertura de não conformidades. Os resultados indicam que a empresa B obteve o melhor desempenho entre as três, seguidos pelas empresas C e A, respectivamente. O modelo de gestão ambiental aplicado pode ser considerado referência para outros empreendimentos, pois acarretou no controle e redução dos impactos ambientais associados. Pode-se destacar: aumento da conscientização ambiental dos trabalhadores; geração de empregos e renda ao longo do ciclo de vida dos resíduos; prevenção de impactos ambientais; redução do consumo de recursos naturais através da reciclagem de resíduos.
The Green Ocean: precipitation insights from the GoAmazon2014/5 experiment
Authors: Wang Die , Giangrande Scott E. , Bartholomew Mary Jane , Hardin Joseph , Feng Zhe , Thalman Ryan , Machado Luiz A. T.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. This study summarizes the precipitation properties collected during the GoAmazon2014/5 campaign near Manaus in central Amazonia, Brazil. Precipitation breakdowns, summary radar rainfall relationships and self-consistency concepts from a coupled disdrometer and radar wind profiler measurements are presented. The properties of Amazon cumulus and associated stratiform precipitation are discussed, including segregations according to seasonal (wet or dry regime) variability, cloud echo-top height and possible aerosol influences on the apparent oceanic characteristics of the precipitation drop size distributions. Overall, we observe that the Amazon precipitation straddles behaviors found during previous U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program tropical deployments, with distributions favoring higher concentrations of smaller drops than ARM continental examples. Oceanic-type precipitation characteristics are predominantly observed during the Amazon wet seasons. An exploration of the controls on wet season precipitation properties reveals that wind direction, compared with other standard radiosonde thermodynamic parameters or aerosol count/regime classifications performed at the ARM site, provides a good indicator for those wet season Amazon events having an oceanic character for their precipitation drop size distributions.
Effects of brown coatings on the absorption enhancement of black carbon: a numerical investigation
Authors: Luo Jie , Zhang Yongming , Wang Feng , Zhang Qixing
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Using the numerically exact multiple sphere T-matrix (MSTM) method, we explored the effects of brown coatings on absorption enhancement (Eabs) and the lensing effects (Eabs_lensing) of black carbon (BC) at different wavelengths (λ). Eabs increases with the absorption of coatings, while an opposite trend is observed for Eabs_lensing. A much wider range of Eabs is observed for BC with brown coatings compared to that with non-absorbing coatings. Eabs can reach approximately 5.4 for λ = 0.35 μm given a typical size distribution. In addition, previous studies have focused on the lensing effects of coatings but neglected the blocking effects of absorbing coatings. Eabs_lensing can be below 0.5 at ultraviolet spectral region for BC with brown coatings, which indicates that the absorption of internal BC is diluted by approximately 0.5 times due to the blocking effects of outer coatings, and we named the blocking effect of absorbing coatings "sunglasses effect". Hence, it is imperative to take the blocking effects of outer coatings into consideration for estimation of total aerosol absorption. Cabs of thickly-coated BC is underestimated by core-shell sphere model for all wavelengths while the underestimation becomes negligible as kBrC turns very large. Eabs and Eabs_lensing are insensitive to the size distribution for thinly-coated BC, and the uncertainties caused by the size distribution have differences of less than 2.6 % and 6 %, respectively. However, the effects of size distribution on Eabs and Eabs_lensing are rather obvious for thickly-coated BC. In addition, the uncertainties in Eabs and Eabs_lensing caused by Df are less than 9 %. Eabs seems to be essentially wavelength-independent for thickly-coated BC with non-absorbing coatings but rather wavelength-dependent for thickly-coated BC with brown coatings.
Leaf wax n-alkanes in modern plants and topsoils from eastern Georgia (Caucasus) – implications for reconstructing regional paleovegetation
Authors: Bliedtner Marcel , Schäfer Imke K. , Zech Roland , von Suchodoletz Hans
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Long-chain n-alkanes originate from leaf waxes of higher terrestrial plants, they are relatively resistant against physical and chemical degradation and are preserved in sediment archives for at least millennial timescales. Since their homologue patterns discriminate between vegetation forms, they were increasingly used for paleovegetation reconstructions during the last years. However, before any robust interpretation of the long-chain n-alkane patterns in sediment archives, reference samples from modern vegetation and topsoil material should be investigated at a regional scale. Apart from some temperate and tropical regions, such systematic regional studies on modern plant and topsoil material are still largely lacking.To test the potential of leaf wax-derived n-alkane patterns for paleoenvironmental studies in the semi-humid to semi-arid central southern Caucasus region, we investigated the influence of different vegetation forms on the leaf wax n-alkane signal in modern plants and topsoil material (0–5 cm) from eastern Georgia. We sampled (i) sites with grassland/herbs that included steppe, cultivated grassland and meadows, and (ii) sites that are dominated by deciduous hornbeam forests.The results show that long-chain n-alkanes originate from leaf waxes of higher terrestrial plants and that their homologue pattern allow to discriminate between different vegetation forms: n-Alkanes derived from sites with grassland/herbs are mainly dominated by C31, while n-alkanes derived from sites with deciduous trees/shrubs show high abundances of C29. Thus, long-chain n-alkanes have a great potential when used for regional paleovegetation reconstructions. Moreover, the n-alkane distributions of the topsoils do not show correlations with mean annual temperatures and precipitation along the investigated transect. As degradation of organic matter can affect the leaf wax n-alkane distribution, we further present an updated end-member model that includes our results, accounts for degradation effects and enables semi-quantitative reconstructions of past vegetation changes in the central southern Caucasus region.
Potential of global land water recycling to mitigate local temperature extremes
Authors: Hauser Mathias , Thiery Wim , Seneviratne Sonia Isabelle
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Soil moisture is projected to decrease in many regions in the 21st century, exacerbating local temperature extremes. Here, we assess the potential of keeping soil moisture conditions at historical levels in the 21st century by recycling local water sources (runoff and a reservoir). To this end, we develop a land water recycling (LWR) scheme which applies locally available water to the soil if soil moisture drops below a predefined threshold (a historical climatology), and assess its influence on the hydrology and extreme temperature indices. We run ensemble simulations with the Community Earth System Model for the 21st century and show that our LWR scheme is able to drastically reduce the land area with decreasing soil moisture. Precipitation responds to the LWR with increases in mid-latitudes, but decreases in monsoon regions. While effects on global temperature are minimal, there are very substantial regional impacts on climate. Higher evapotranspiration and cloud cover in the simulations both contribute to a substantial decrease in hot temperature extremes. These reach up to about 1 °C regionally, and are of similar magnitude as the regional climate changes induced by a 0.5 °C difference in the global mean temperature, e.g. at 1.5 °C vs. 2 °C global warming).
Artifacts from manganese reduction in rock samples prepared by focused ion beam (FIB) slicing for X-ray microspectroscopic analysis
Authors: Macholdt Dorothea S. , Pöhlker Christopher , Förster Jan-David , Müller Maren , Weber Bettina , Kappl Michael , Kilcoyne A. L. David , Weigand Markus , Jochum Klaus Peter , Andreae Meinrat O.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Manganese (Mn)-rich natural rock coatings, so-called rock varnishes, are discussed controversially regarding their genesis. Biogenic and abiogenic mechanisms, as well as a combination of both, have been proposed to be responsible for the Mn oxidation and deposition process. We conducted scanning transmission X-ray microscopy - near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (STXM-NEXAFS) measurements to examine the abundance and spatial distribution of the different oxidation states of Mn within these nano- to micrometer thick crusts. Such microanalytical measurements of thin and hard rock crusts require sample preparation with minimal contamination risk. Focused ion beam (FIB) slicing, a well-established technique in geosciences, was used in this study to obtain 100–200 nm thin slices of the samples for X-ray transmission spectroscopy. However, even though this preparation is suitable to investigate element distributions and structures in rock samples, we observed that, using standard parameters, modifications of the Mn oxidation states occur in the surfaces of the FIB slices. Based on our results, the preparation technique likely causes the reduction of Mn4+ to Mn2+/3+. We draw attention to this issue, since FIB slicing, SEM imaging, and other preparation and visualization techniques operating in the keV range are well-established in geosciences, but researchers are often unaware of the potential for reduction of Mn and possibly other elements in the samples’ surface layers.
Geodynamic diagnostics, scientific visualisation and StagLab 3.0
Authors: Crameri Fabio
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Today's geodynamic models can, often do and sometimes have to become very complex. Their underlying, increasingly elaborate numerical codes produce a growing amount of raw data. Post-processing such data is therefore becoming more and more important, but also more challenging and time-consuming. In addition, visualising processed data and results has, in times of coloured figures and a wealth of half-scientific software, become one of the weakest pillars of science, widely mistreated and ignored. Efficient and automated geodynamic diagnostics and sensible scientific visualisation preventing common pitfalls is thus more important than ever. Here, a collection of numerous diagnostics for plate tectonics and mantle dynamics is provided and a case for truly scientific visualisation is made. Amongst other diagnostics are a most accurate and robust plate-boundary identification, slab-polarity recognition, plate-bending derivation, surface-topography component splitting and mantle-plume detection. Thanks to powerful image processing tools and other elaborate algorithms, these and many other insightful diagnostics are conveniently derived from only a subset of the most basic parameter fields. A brand new set of scientific quality, perceptually uniform colour maps including devon, davos, oslo and broc is introduced and made freely available (http://www.fabiocrameri.ch/colourmaps, last access: 25 June 2018). These novel colour maps bring a significant advantage over misleading, non-scientific colour maps like rainbow, which is shown to introduce a visual error to the underlying data of up to 7.5 %. Finally, StagLab (http://www.fabiocrameri.ch/StagLab, last access: 25 June 2018) is introduced, a software package that incorporates the whole suite of automated geodynamic diagnostics and, on top of that, applies state-of-the-art scientific visualisation to produce publication-ready figures and movies, all in the blink of an eye and all fully reproducible. StagLab, a simple, flexible, efficient and reliable tool made freely available to everyone, is written in MATLAB and adjustable for use with geodynamic mantle convection codes.
The effects of gravel cushion particle size and thickness on the coefficient of restitution in rockfall impacts
Authors: Zhu Chun , Wang Dongsheng , Xia Xing , Tao Zhigang , He Manchao , Cao Chen
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Gravel cushions are widely used to absorb the impact energy of falling rocks
in open-pit mines. A particularly important application is to enhance the
energy-absorbing capacity of rockfall sheds. In this paper, we study how
varying the thickness and particle size of a gravel cushion influences its
energy-consumption and buffering effects. We performed a series of laboratory
drop tests by dropping blocks from a fixed height onto cushions of different
thicknesses and particle sizes. The results indicate that, for a given impact
energy, the cushion thickness has a strong influence on the measured
coefficient of restitution (COR) and therefore impact pressure. Additional
tests were performed to study how the radius of the block and the height it
is dropped from affect the measured COR. This showed that as the movement
height of the block is increased the COR also increases, and blocks with
larger radii exhibit a larger variability in measured COR. Finally, we
investigated the influence of rockfall block radius, r, movement height,
H, cushion thickness, h, and particle size, d, on the COR and the
damage depth, L, of the cushion. The test results reveal that the cushion
thickness is the primary design parameter, controlling not only COR, but also
the stability of the cushion material. The results provide a theoretical and
practical basis for the design of gravel cushions for rockfall protection.
Flood depth estimation by means of high-resolution SAR images and LiDAR data
Authors: Cian Fabio , Marconcini Mattia , Ceccato Pietro , Giupponi Carlo
Published: June 2018

Abstract. When floods hit inhabited areas, great losses are usually registered both in terms of impacts on people (i.e., fatalities and injuries) as well as economic impacts on urban areas, commercial and productive sites, infrastructures and agriculture. To properly assess these, several parameters are needed among which flood depth is one of the most important as it governs the models used to compute damages in economic terms. This paper presents a simple yet effective semi-automatic approach for deriving very precise inundation depth. First, precise flood extent is derived employing a change detection approach based on the Normalized Difference Flood Index computed from high resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery. Second, by means of a high-resolution Light Detection And Ranging Digital Elevation Model, water surface elevation is estimated through a statistical analysis of terrain elevation along the boundary lines of the identified flooded areas. Experimental results and quality assessment are given for the flood occurred in the Veneto region, North-Eastern Italy, in 2010. In particular, the method proved fast and robust and, compared to hydrodynamic models, it requires sensibly less input information.
Stratified Kelvin–Helmholtz turbulence of compressible shear flows
Authors: San Omer , Maulik Romit
Published: June 2018

Abstract. We study scaling laws of stratified shear flows by performing
high-resolution numerical simulations of inviscid compressible turbulence
induced by Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. An implicit large eddy simulation
approach is adapted to solve our conservation laws for both two-dimensional
(with a spatial resolution of 16 3842) and three-dimensional (with a
spatial resolution of 5123) configurations utilizing different
compressibility characteristics such as shocks. For three-dimensional
turbulence, we find that both the kinetic energy and density-weighted energy
spectra follow the classical Kolmogorov k-5/3 inertial scaling. This
phenomenon is observed due to the fact that the power density spectrum of
three-dimensional turbulence yields the same k-5/3 scaling. However, we
demonstrate that there is a significant difference between these two spectra
in two-dimensional turbulence since the power density spectrum yields a
k-5/3 scaling. This difference may be assumed to be a reason for the
k-7/3 scaling observed in the two-dimensional density-weight kinetic
every spectra for high compressibility as compared to the k−3 scaling
traditionally assumed with incompressible flows. Further inquiries are made
to validate the statistical behavior of the various configurations studied
through the use of the Helmholtz decomposition of both the kinetic velocity
and density-weighted velocity fields. We observe that the scaling results are
invariant with respect to the compressibility parameter when the
density-weighted definition is used. Our two-dimensional results also confirm
that a large inertial range of the solenoidal component with the k−3
scaling can be obtained when we simulate with a lower compressibility
parameter; however, the compressive spectrum converges to k−2 for a
larger compressibility parameter.