bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use logistic regression to classify gifted school students: استخدام الانحدار اللوجستي لتصنيف طلاب مدارس الموهوبين
Authors: Tasneem kamaleldin Mohamed
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to use Logistic Regression to categorize the binary variables which don't follow the natural distribution national corporation data were used at the gifted and distinguished schools affiliated to the Ministry of Education in Sudan, The study used the descriptive, deductive and analytic methods, that through analyzing the study data, besides using the Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20) to treat data. The study concluded to where the authentic categorize rate of the logistic declension about (92%), and that the most important that effects the acceptance is the Wechsler test for measuring the intelligence   talented, outstanding has no significant impact on the model, out of eleven variables and the rest of the variables have no significant on the model.
Degree of job satisfaction among faculty members in special education departments in the southern region of Saudi Arabia: درجة الرضا الوظيفي لدى أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية بأقسام التربية الخاصة في المنطقة الجنوبية من المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: Wael Amin Al Ali
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to reveal the degree of job satisfaction among faculty members in special education departments in the southern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its relation to some variables. The study society is composed of faculty members in special education departments in the universities of the southern region of the Kingdom in the first semester of the year 2016/2017 and the sample reached (32) members. The researcher prepared a questionnaire consisting of (29) paragraphs distributed over (4) dimensions. The results of the study showed that the degree of job satisfaction of the faculty members on the tool as a whole was medium, and the degree was medium on the four dimensions of the tool. The results showed that there were no differences in the degree of job satisfaction according to the gender variable and the university variable. While there were differences in the degree of job satisfaction according to the variable years of experience.
The impact of the External Auditor's commitment to the ethics of the profession in reducing the manipulation of financial statements: أثر التزام مراجع الحسابات الخارجي بأخلاقيات المهنة في الحد من التلاعب بالقوائم المالية
Authors: Dr . Abdul Wahab Mousa Al - Jaali Mohammed Dr . Abdel Rahman
Published: May 2021

The aim of the research was to identify the impact of the external auditor's commitment to the ethics of the profession in reducing the manipulation of the financial statements. To achieve this goal, the descriptive analytical approach was followed for its compatibility and the nature of the research. A total of 75 questionnaires were distributed to the members of the community. A total of 58 questionnaires were obtained with a recovery rate of 77.3%. For the purpose of analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses, the statistical packages were used for social studies. One of the findings of the research is that the external auditor's adherence to the basic principles of professional ethics reduces the manipulation of the financial statements. The results of the statistical analysis have confirmed that the compatibility in the practice of auditing and scientific qualification of the auditor leads to adherence to the ethics of the profession. The study recommended conducting more future studies related to the ethics of the accounting and auditing profession, developing the performance of legal accountants regarding the ethics of the auditing profession, and the need to organize specialized workshops and conferences that deal with the ethics of the profession which contributes to enhancing the auditors' compliance with professional ethics and professional rules of conduct.
The Reasons of low achievement for the High schools ' students in English Language at Tafila Governorate in Jordan from Teachers ' Point of View
Authors: Wafa' Abdulrahim AlQuabe'h
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to identify the reasons for the low achievement of high school students in the subject of English in Tafila, Jordan from the point of view of teachers. The study used the descriptive method, and the tool consisted of a questionnaire of (36) items; it was distributed to a sample of (25) teachers of English in Tafila governorate.  The data were analyzed in the study using SPSS, and finding arithmetic averages, standard deviations and ranks, and T-test. The tool's overall score was average (3.59 out of 5), rated (large). On the field level, the field of reasons related to students received the highest average; (4.04) followed by the area of reasons related to the teacher with an average (3.62), both with a verbal (large) and thirdly the field of reasons related to the textbook with an average (3.37) and finally the reasons for the evaluation with an average (3.34) Both are rated (medium). The results showed that the reasons for the low level of achievement for the students in the English language are not affected at the level of significance (0.05 = α) by gender variables, and years of experience. the results indicated no significant differences Statistics among teachers' estimates due to their gender, The study also showed that there were no apparent differences between teachers' estimates in the light of variable years of experience, In light of the results, a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented to overcome the causes of the decline and improve the achievement of high school students in the English language in Tafila and the Kingdom.
The Impact of Using Smart board in Teaching Mathematics on the Achievement of Eighth Grade Primary Students in Gulf of Aqaba in Jordan
Authors: Wafa' Abdulrahim AlQuabe'h
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to find out the effect of employing smart board while teaching mathematics for the eighth grade in the students' achievement in the Directorate of Aqaba Education. To this end, the researcher used the semi-experimental method, and the study tools in the achievement test. The sample of the study consisted of 52 students from the eighth grade in the King Abdullah II School of Excellence, Gulf of Aqaba in Jordan, distributed equally over two groups: a control group and an experimental group. The results showed that there was a statistically significant effect at the level of significance (α = 05, 0) for using the smart board in the achievement of the eighth grade students in mathematics. The differences were in favor of the experimental group that taught the educational material using the smart board, compared to the control group, which taught the educational material in the traditional way. The study recommended working on the generalization of the use of the Smart board and its activation in all schools, for all levels of study, and in all subjects, especially mathematics
The impact of the discussion strategy on the level of achievement in science subject among the Seventh Students in Jordan: أثر استراتيجية المناقشة على مستوى التحصيل في مبحث العلوم لدى طلاب السابع الأساسي في الأردن
Authors: Wael Salama Al Maaytah
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to identify the impact of the discussion strategy on the level of achievement in science subjects among the Seventh Students in Jordan School in Faisal I Elementary School for Boys, affiliated to the Directorate of Education of the Governorate of Aqaba during the academic year 2018/2019, where Division (B) represented the experimental group, and consisted of (20) students, and Division (C) represented the control group, and consisted of (20) students. The results of (t-test) for two independent samples showed that there were statistically significant differences between the average scores of students on the achievement test in science due to the variable of the teaching method. Where the control group received an overall average (11.96) versus the experimental group with an overall average (18.02), and for the benefit of the experimental group In light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended that teachers be trained to use the discussion strategy in teaching science to its effectiveness in teaching. It also recommended studies on the introduction of other teaching methods.
The reality of administrative transparency among male and female principals of the intellectual education institutes in Riyadh from the point of view of male and female teachers: واقع الشفافية الإدارية لدى مديري ومديرات معاهد التربية الفكرية بمدينة الرياض من وجهة نظر المعلمين والمعلمات
Authors: Wafa Turki Al-Ghmiz
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to identify the degree of administrative transparency and its impediments among male and female principals of intellectual education institutes in Riyadh and to determine if there were statistically significant differences between the responses of the study sample according to the following variables (gender, qualification, and experience). The study was based on the analytical descriptive approach, and the Questionnaire as a tool. Questionnaire consisted of (48) paragraphs, which were distributed to the study population composed of all the teachers of intellectual education institutes in Riyadh with a total number of 269.The results of the study showed that the degree of practicing administrative transparency among principals of intellectual education institutes in Riyadh is low with an average of (2.57 of 5) and that the obstacles of practicing administrative transparency are very high with an average of 4.32 of 5. The study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of 0.05 and less in the trends of the study items on the dimensions of administrative transparency according to the following variables (gender, qualification and experience).The study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the study items trends regarding the obstacles of administrative transparency according to the variables (experience, qualification) while the results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences in the study items trends regarding the obstacles of administrative transparency (gender). The test showed differences in favor of male teachers. In the light of the results, the study presents a set of recommendations that emphasize the involvement of both teachers and principals in decision making and proposals.
Effect of personal characteristics on the rate of using a sick leave: field study on female employees of the general directorate of education in Jeddah: الخصائص الشخصية (يقظة الضمير، الطيبة، العصابية، الانفتاح على الخبرة، الانبساط)، وعلاقتها بمعدل استخدام موظفات إدارة التعليم بمحافظة جدة للإجازة المرضية
Authors: Wejdan Soud Alharthi ,  Mohammed Faleh Alhonaity
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to identify the effect of personal characteristics on the rate of use of sick leave among the employees of the Department of Education in Jeddah. The descriptive approach was used and a questionnaire was prepared to collect field data from the sample of the study which included 260 employees. The data were analyzed using the SPSS. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The average age was 4.50- the average was 4.13- the average extinction was 3.80 in the sample. The study also found that there were statistically significant differences at (α≤0.05) according to the age variable in the two dimensions of conscience and goodness. According to the age of the sample There is also a statistically significant difference between the educational levels of the sample members in the postpartum dimension at the level of statistical significance (α≤0.05), which means that the answer to the axes of the study instrument is affected by educational levels from level to level. In the light of the results, a number of recommendations were made to give attention to issues related to the work of working women and to increase their average utilization for sick leave, to raise awareness of the risks of sick leave and their impact on the performance and productivity of the Department.
The Academic Freedom among the Students at the Hashemite University: الحرية الأكاديمية لدى طلبة الجامعة الهاشمية
Authors: Abd AlKhaleq Muhammad Al-Zyoud
Published: May 2021

This study aimed at exploring the level of academic freedom at the Hashemite University in Jordan from the perspective of the undergraduate students, and whether there are impacts of the students’ gender, academic level, or specialization. The sample consisted of (376) undergraduate students (111 male, 265 female), who are registered at the university for the first semester of the academic year 2019/2020, from all faculties of the Hashemite University. The results showed that 25.5% of participants perceived a high level of academic freedom, 57.2% of participants perceived a moderate level, and 17.3% of them perceived a low level. Significant differences were found due to academic level; academic freedom perceived level among senior students was higher than all other years (freshmen, sophomores and juniors), but no significant differences were found due to students’ gender, or specialization. In light of the study results, the researcher recommends a number of recommendations such as: raising the awareness about the academic freedom among the students, faculty members, and the staff the Jordanian universities, conducting survey studies that measure the level of academic freedom among the students at various Jordanian universities, Supporting the academic freedom of the students at the institutions of higher education through deliberate and planned initiatives.
Perceptions and Self- efficacy towards the Integration of Science and Mathematics among the Teachers in Jazan and Najran (Saudi Arabia): التصورات والفاعلية الذاتية نحو التكامل بين العلوم والرياضيات لدى المعلمين بمنطقتي نجران وجازان في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: Yahya Ali Ahmed Faqihi
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to investigate the perceptions and self- efficacy level of teachers towards the integration of Science and Mathematics based on gender, specialization, and years of experience. It utilized the descriptive (survey) method and applied a questionnaire to (270) teachers of Science and Mathematics in Najran and Jazan. The results showed that the response of the study sample to the instrument in general was significantly with an average of (3.84), and all major areas also came largely, The values of the arithmetic average (3.82) for the justification of integration, (3.49) for the optimal method of integration, (3.81) for self- efficacy and (4.04) for requirements and problems as well as proposed procedures, It turns out that integration was highly motivated by the participants because it enhanced the student's relation to everyday problems with an average (3.82), and that most of the teachers preferred a comprehensive application of the mathematical methods in teaching science with an average of (3.79). Additionally, lack of providing specialized training programs was a big obstacle to integration with an average of (4.11). Teacher's self- efficacy towards the application of integration of science and mathematics in teaching was low with an average of (3.87). Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences in the participants' responses due to gender favoring males, and to years of experience favoring more than 10 years, while there were no statistically significant differences due to specialization.
Identify the most prevalent behavioral problems among orphaned children from the point of view of supervisors in the light of some variables in the center of child care in Muscat Governorate
Authors: Yousef Mohammed Abdullah Al Attar
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to identify the most prevalent behavioral problems among orphaned children from the point of view of supervisors in the light of some variables in the center of child care in Muscat Governorate, and the number of the sample (44) supervisor and supervisor. The researcher used the measure of behavioral problems in children deprived of the family environment by the preparation of Hoywa (2016). The research followed the descriptive approach, and the research found that the most common behavioral problems in orphaned children is the problem of lying and then the problem of hyperactivity followed by the problem of aggressive behavior and in the latter came the problem of aggressive behavior. The study also showed no statistically significant differences between males and females in behavioral problems.
The Ethical climate at Workplace Environment and its Impact on Job InsecurityApplied Study for the Public Energy Production Management Office at Al- Furat Al- Awsat Region: المناخ الأخلاقي في بيئة العمل وأثره على عدم الأمان الوظيفيدراسة تطبيقية على المديرية العامة لإنتاج الطاقة الكهربائية/ الفرات الأوسط/ العاملين بالعقود
Authors: Yamama Mudhher Azawi Al- salami
Published: May 2021

The ethical climate impacts the workers’ behavior and the performance effectiveness. It establishes the values that dominate the woke environment. The research aims to identify the importance of the moral atmosphere which dominates the public energy production management office at Al- Furat Al- Awsat Region for under contract workers. The research measures the job insecurity which could be affected by this atmosphere. The results of this research proofed that the moral atmosphere has a major impact on job insecurity workers’ feelings at both the quantitive and the qualitative on an unequal rate.
Attitudes of students with learning disability towards the use of distance learning in the presence of the Coronavirus pandemic in Kuwait: اتجاهات طلبة صعوبات التعلم بالمرحلة الثانوية نحو استخدام نظام التعلُّم عن بعد في ظل انتشار جائحة كورونا (COVID-19) بدولة الكويت
Authors: Ahmad Mohsen Al-Saeedi
Published: May 2021

The current study aimed to identify the level of attitudes of secondary students with learning disability towards the use of the distance learning system in light of the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) in Kuwait, the sample of the study consisted of (32) male and female students with learning disabilities at the secondary level. A questionnaire consisting of(23) paragraph and distributed on(3) axes, the results found that the attitudes of students with learning disabilities at the secondary level towards the use of distance learning were positive, with a moderate degree, where the general average was (2.32), with a percentage of (77%). The axis (feelings towards distance learning) ranked first, with an average of (2.37) and a percentage of (79%), followed by the axis (advantages towards distance learning), with an arithmetic average of (2.31), percentage of(77%) while the axis(turnout towards the distance learning) last rank in average (2.29) with a percentage of (76%). The results did not reveal any statistical differences in the level of students' attitudes of learning disability towards distance learning by holding courses, improving the learning environment and distributing brochures that show the importance of using distance learning in teaching.
Impact of the strategy of the six thinking hats in the achievement and decision-making in the teaching methods for third year students in the faculties of education: أثر إستراتيجية القبعات الست في التحصيل واتخاذ القرار في مادة طرائق التدريس لطلبة السنة الثالثة في كليات التربية
Authors: Yasser Khalaf Rashid AlShujairi - Haidar Abdul Karim Mohsen
Published: May 2021

The objective of the research was to identify the impact of the strategy of the six hats in the achievement and decision-making in the teaching methods for the third year students in the faculties of education. The researchers followed the experimental method in their research, and the number of members of the research sample (70) (35) students studied the strategy of the six hats, the control group and the number of its members (35) students studied in the usual way, and then the researchers between the two groups statistically computed in the variables: In order to achieve the goal of the research, the researchers formulated a set of behavioral objectives for the scientific material that will be studied in the experiment. They then prepared experimental plans for the experimental group in accordance with the strategy of the six hats and according to the usual method of the control group, (50), and a decision-making scale consisting of (41) paragraphs with three alternatives. The net has shown There was a statistically significant difference at the mean level (0.05) among the average scores of the experimental group that studied the strategy of the six hats. It obtained an average of (41,78), compared to the control group studied in the normal manner; In the test of achievement, as well as in the decision-making scale, the experiment obtained an average of (78,30). The control group, which was studied in the usual way, obtained an average of 61,45. The difference in the achievement test and the decision- In the light of the results of the research, the researchers recommended, among other things, the adoption of the strategy of the six hats in the Dries to its impact on the collection and decision-making.
Spatial variation of human development indicators in Saudi Arabia: التباين المكاني لمؤشرات التنمية البشرية في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: Mohammed bin Ibrahim Ramadan Ahmed -     Zohor Bint Omar Abd
Published: May 2021

This study is concerned about the human development in Saudi Arabia from a geographical perspective. It focused on analyzing and explaining the spatial variation of human development indicators on the level of the administration areas of the kingdom. It classified the indicators developmentally according to the value of human development indexes. Further، the study attempted to evaluate the core dimensions included in the human development indexes – health، knowledge and appropriate standard of living – showing their points of strength and weakness. To achieve the objectives of this study، some statistical methods have been used، e.g.  Cluster Analysis and Moran's Index.          The study revealed that human development is randomly distributed over the administration areas of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Further the quantitative analysis revealed that the dimension of standard of living is the most diversified and varied factor of Human development over the administrative areas of Saudi Arabia.        In addition، cluster analysis showed five geographical patterns for human development: very high human development pattern in AL-Riyadh and Makkah Al-Mokarramah areas، with very high standard of living and knowledge، high human development represented in Al Madinah Al-Monawarah، The Eastern Region، Aseer with high health dimension of human development، medium human development pattern represented in Qaseem، Tabuk، Hail، Najran، Al-Baha and Al-Jouf which showed lower living conditions in these areas، low human development pattern in The Northern Borders in which all dimensions are low، and very low human development pattern in Jazan area where all indicators are very low.          Based on the result achieved the study proposed some remedial solutions for these problems, which are as follows: work towards integration of health system in all kingdom areas, develop the system of higher education to building a knowledgeable society, enhance the standard of living for all community members, and focus on achieving very high human development in all parts of the Kingdom administrative areas.
The extent of the effect of saudization on the employment of local labor in private hospitals from the point view of the owner of private hospitals: مدى تأثير السعودة على توظيف العمالة المحلية بالمستشفيات الخاصة في محافظة جدة من وجهة نظر أصحاب المستشفيات الخاصة
Authors: Abdulaziz Mohammed Alshuhri
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to reveal the main factors that obstruct the employment of local Saudi workers in private hospitals instead of foreign worker, and to determine the extent of application of the Saudization process in the Saudi private hospital sector, and to clarify the extent of the impact of the following variables: legal systems, expertise and competence, availability of specialities, and wages on the Saudization process from the viewpoint of owners of private hospitals. The descriptive-analytical method was used to achieve the aims of the study, and the questionnaire was the tool of the study, which distributed among (179) workers from the researched hospitals. The research reached a number of results, the most important of them were: there is a high degree of importance for the Saudization axis in appointing employees in hospitals, and there is a high degree of importance for the following axes: wages, the availability of rare medical specialities, the experience of the medical staff, and the skills of using modern technology. Based on the results the researcher proposed a number of suggestions, among them: The necessity of working on establishing a minimum wage, as the low wages have no effects on employing foreign workers instead of local labor, and the need to work on qualifying the Saudi citizens with the rare and the few specializations in the labor market.
Effectiveness of the use of Quart program on educational achievement and creative thinking in modern subjects for sixth grade pupils: فاعلية استخدام برنامج الكورت على التحصيل الدراسي والتفكير الابداعي في مادة الحديث لتلاميذ الصف السادس الابتدائي
Authors: Abdul Aziz Jaber Al-Salami
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research was to uncover the effectiveness of using the skills of the Quart program to improve academic achievement and to develop creative thinking in modern subjects for the sixth graders. The researcher used the experimental method, and applied the research to two samples, one of them experimental and experimental, of the sixth grade students in Jeddah, the number of (56) students, divided equally. The two groups were subjected to the test sample to test the creative thinking of Figure (B) By the researcher, where it was applied after the seizure and to verify its sincerity and stability. Using the SPSS test system, the results showed that the experimental group students outperformed their counterparts in the control group in the average of the degrees of creative thinking and post-academic achievement, and that this superiority was statistically significant at the level of α (00,05). The results also showed the effectiveness of the skills of the courteous program in improving academic achievement and developing the creative thinking of the experimental sample students. (10.89) compared to (7.57) for the control, with a difference of (3.32). For the pilot. In light of the results of the research, the researcher recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the employment and use of thinking programs such as the curriculum in teaching Islamic education courses at all levels of study.
The Impact of Managerial Ethics on Job Performance - A Field Study in the Industrial Companies in Dhofar Region, Sultanate of Oman: أثر الأخلاقيات الإدارية على الأداء الوظيفي - دراسة ميدانية في الشركات الصناعية بمحافظة ظفار بسلطنة عمان
Authors: Zaroug Osman Bilal, Ahamed Suhail Kashoob
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to identify the impact of managerial ethics on job performance in the industrial companies in Dhofar region. The sample of the study consists of 120 employees who have administrative positions as per 40 questinnares per company, in Raysut Cement Company, Dhofar Power Company and Dhofar Feed Company. A total of 116 of them were valid for statistical analysis. The researchers used the analytical descriptive method since it is appropriate fot this type of the study. The most important results of the study are: There is statistically significant correlation between managerial ethics and job performance in the industrial companies in Dhofar region. In addition, the impact of organizational systems is the most managerial ethics that affects job performance, followed by organizational culture, while the effect of an individual's ethics came last. The most important recommendations of the study are: To spread and apply the culture of managerial ethics in these institutions among all employees and striving to accelerate the adoption of ethical codes as a fundamental pillar that is considered as the main objectives of the departments of the institutions.
Economic Corruption: Lebanon's Central Bug: الفساد الاقتصادي: علَّة لبنان المركزية
Authors: Mohamed Zureik
Published: May 2021

“Economic Corruption” is one of the most serious problems facing Lebanon, which led to an increase in the economic deficit and in the ratio of public debt. This phenomenon is due to historic, religious and favoritism reasons. This paper will address the issue of economic corruption in Lebanon based on historical facts and scientific data. This study suggests options to end economic corruption in Lebanon, which include "controlling the finances of associations and parties, adoption of the law of the right of access to information, activating the illicit enrichment law, election monitoring, adoption of the protection of whistleblowers corruption law, development of the judiciary, amendment of the central inspection law, amendment in the tax procedure code, amendment of the law of the audit bureau, strengthening financial decentralization, and the creation of e-government; in addition to the important role of youth and means of social media.
– Creative ability and its relationship to some demographic and academic variables– Field study among students of the University of Khartoum
Authors: Zhakiah Ahmed Amer
Published: May 2021

The objective of the current study was to detect the relationship between the qualitative differences between the creativity and the age of the student and the age of the parents at birth، family size، birth order، economic and cultural level، loss of parents and their habitat (environment) using the descriptive approach. A total of 953 students، from the first level (males and females) and from the scientific and literary colleges in Khartoum University، Sudan. The results showed no significant differences in creativity، no correlative between the age of the parents and the students' ages in creativity، but there are: - a negative correlative relationship with maternal age at level (0. 01) and a positive correlative relationship with the age of the students at the level (0. 01)، but in both flexibility and fluency، there is a negative correlation relationship statistically significant with the age of students at the level of (0. 01). There is no correlation between the creativity and birth order of the student، creativity and family size، negative correlative relation with family size at (0. 01). The differences in creativity could be attributed to the place of residence at a significant level (0. 01).
Beliefs about Critical Thinking among English Teachers in Qasabet Al- Mafraq, Jordan: معتقدات عن التفكير الناقد بين معلمي اللغة الانجليزية في قصبة المفرق، الأردن
Authors: Zainab Salem Ahmad
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between teachers' knowledge, beliefs and activities about critical thinking. . The study followed the descriptive approach. This research was based on a questionnaire designed to investigate English teachers' points of view about critical thinking for primary and secondary schools in Qasabet Al Mafraq which is a city in the north of Jordan The population of the study is 280 female and male teachers distributed through 160 primary and secondary school. The study sample was randomly selected and it represents 46% of all English teachers in Qasbet Al Mafraq. They are 40 male and 88 female teachers during the second semester 2018/2019. The results of the study indicate that most of the teachers know the higher and lower –order of critical thinking skills. Also, they are inclined to use the critical thinking strategy to achieve certain outcomes in the curriculum. According to the teachers' beliefs, they think critical thinking is an important and effective strategy for problem solving and decision making. On one hand, there is a positive correlation between teacher's knowledge, teachers' belief and critical thinking activitie such as role- playing, asking questions, problem- solving, conceptual maps, debate and game playing. But on the other hand, there are no statistically significant differences at (a= 0.05) due to the variables of gender, experience, number of students, and the stage they are teaching. The researcher recommends that more research should be done on the effect of critical thinking on the four skills reading, writing, speaking and listening.
The importance of taking into consideration the integration between the components of human resources development system and the demographic dimension in Sudan: أهمية مراعاة التكامل بين مكونات منظومة تنمية الموارد البشرية والبعد السكاني فى السودان
Authors: Mu'tasim Hussein Abu Zeid
Published: May 2021

This study attempted to identify the importance of integration and interdependence in human resources development programs and taking into account the importance of the population dimension when establishing the aspects of the intellectual aspect in the development of human resources, which means the system from which the psychological and behavioral aspects and economic aspects can be built. A model of human resources development programs, highlighting the demographic factors and identifying the views of a group of professional actors in the fields related to the field of human resources development, and through the descriptive approach, the study reached many The results and recommendations that contribute to the addition and search for solutions to many issues both at the community level and at the level of organizations related to human resources development.
Steric effects vs electron delocalization: a new look into stability of diastereomers, conformers and constitutional Isomers
Authors: Datta Sopanant , Limpanuparb Taweetham
Published: May 2021

A quantum chemical investigation of the stability of compounds with identical formulas was carried out on 23 classes of compounds made of C, N, P, O, S atoms as core structures and halogens H, F, Cl, Br, I as substituents. All possible structures were generated and investigated by quantum mechanical methods. The prevalence of formula in which its Z configuration, gauche conformation and meta isomer are the most stable forms is calculated and discussed. Quantitative and qualitative models to explain the stability of the 23 classes of halogenated compounds were also proposed.
A perspective review of phytochemistry and pharmacology of the Syzygium genus
Authors: Yuniarni U  , Sukandar E Y  , Fidrianny I
Published: May 2021

Syzygium is a genus of the Myrtaceae family consisting of large and widespread species from Africa, Asia, Australia, and throughout Oceania and the Pacific region. Some have been cultivated for bearing fruit, ornamental plants and used as traditional medicine. This article excavated Syzygium genus which was focused on traditional uses, chemical compounds and biological activities related to treatment of syndrome metabolic. All information was obtained from the scientific literature such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed. Several species were known to have therapeutic potential and used in traditional Chinese medicine, Ayurveda, and herbal medicine in Indonesia. Traditionally, Syzygium is known for its therapeutic purposes such as coughing, diarrhea, colds, dysentery, inflammation, pain, skin, and mouth infections. Only a few species have been scientifically studied to verify their usage as traditional medicine. There were many reports on the traditional uses and medicinal effects of Syzygium plants, but only a few review articles mainly about phytochemical constituents and their role in pharmacological activities. The present reviews highlight the phytochemical and pharmacological activity of various species of the Syzygium genus. The pharmacological activities were discussed in this article focused to metabolic syndrome treatment, such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Chemical components isolated mainly flavonoid, terpenoids/sesquiterpenoid, sterols, and lignan. Several bioactive compounds have been identified correlated with pharmacological activity, but the chemical compounds were different for each species.
Association of bullying behaviour with smoking, alcohol use and drug use among school students in Erbil City, Iraq
Authors: Shawki Beena , Al-Hadithi Tariq , Shabila Nazar
Published: May 2021

Background: Substance use and bullying are prevalent among adolescents and have a wide range of adverse outcomes. The association of bullying with substance use has not been examined in Kurdistan and Iraq, which have suffered from the effects of long-term conflict and economic hardship. Aims: To examine the association between each form of bullying among adolescents and substance use. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of public schools in Erbil City, Iraq in 2017. The study involved 1070 adolescents selected from 35 schools using a multistage cluster sampling method. A self-reported close-ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Male and female students attending grades 7–12 and aged 13–18 years were included. Results: The overall prevalence of bullying behaviour was 60.0%; 30.8% were victims, 26.2% were bully-victims, and 3.0% were bullies. There was a significant association between different forms and categories of bullying and substance use. The strongest association was with the students involved in sexual bullying, followed by racial and cyber bullying. The strongest association between bullying and substance use was found in the bully-victim category, followed by victims and bullies. Conclusions: Substance use and bullying behaviour seem to be widespread problems among adolescents in Erbil schools. Substance use is significantly associated with different categories of bullying behaviour. There is a need for effective school-based preventive interventions to tackle these problems. Future research needs to examine the likely direction of the association between bullying and substance use.
Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of medication intake adherence among primary health-care users in Albania
Authors: Roshi Dajana , Burazeri Genc , Italia Salvatore , Schröder-Bäck Peter , Ylli Alban , Brand Helmut
Published: May 2021

Background: Evidence about the magnitude and determinants of medication intake adherence among patients and the general population in Southeastern Europe is scant. Aims: To assess the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of medication intake adherence among adult primary health-care (PHC) users in Albania. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018–2019 in a representative sample of 1553 adult PHC users (response: 94%) selected probabilistically from 5 major regions of Albania. There were 849 (55%) women and 704 (45%) men, with a mean age 54.6 (16.4) years. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire inquired about medication intake adherence prescribed by family physicians, and sociodemographic characteristics. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the sociodemographic correlates of medication intake adherence. Results: Three hundred (19.8%) participants did not take the prescribed medication. In multivariable-adjusted logistic model, significant correlates of nonintake of medication included rural residence, low educational level, unemployment and low economic level. Among these 300 participants, 273 (91%) considered the high cost of the drugs as a reason for not taking the medication. Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of nonintake of medication prescribed by family physicians. Decision-makers and policy-makers in Albania and elsewhere should consider the provision of essential drugs free of charge or at low cost to low socioeconomic groups and other vulnerable and marginalized population categories, because the costs of noncompliance will eventually be higher.
Extremely drug-resistant NDM-9-producing ST147 Klebsiella pneumoniae causing infections in Italy, May 2020
Authors: Falcone Marco , Giordano Cesira , Barnini Simona , Tiseo Giusy , Leonildi Alessandro , Malacarne Paolo , Menichetti Francesco , Carattoli Alessandra
Published: May 2021

A large outbreak of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type (ST) 147 occurred in Tuscany, Italy in 2018–2019. In 2020, ST147 NDM-9-producing K. pneumoniae were detected at the University Hospital of Pisa, Tuscany, in two critically ill patients; one developed bacteraemia. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses suggest relatedness of 2018–2019 and 2020 strains, with a change from NDM-1 to NDM-9 in the latter and evolution by colistin, tigecycline and fosfomycin resistance acquisition.
Using Waterfall Method to Design Information System of SPMI STIMIK Sepuluh Nopember Jayapura
Authors: Pawan Elvis , Thamrin Rosiyati H.H , Hasan Patmawati , Bei Sariyati H.Y. , Matu Paulisen
Published: May 2021

Abstract - Conventional filing of SPMI documents is a problem experienced by STIMIK Sepuluh Nopember Jayapura, archiving in this way can result in documents being lost or scattered, in addition to causing difficulties in finding documents during internal and external audits. This study aims to assist institutions in improving their filing systems, so that SPMI data or documents can be stored properly and easily obtained when needed. In designing the information system SPMI STIMIK Sepuluh Nopember Jayapura, using the waterfall method and data modeling using data flow diagrams, while in system testing using the blackbox method and user acceptance test. This research produces an SPMI information system that can be used to archive all types of documents owned by the internal quality assurance agency Based on table 2, as many as 86% of the answers of respondents who answered were very correct (SB), as many as 12% of respondents who answered correctly (B) and 2% answered doubtful or neutral.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Baca Tulis Pegon bagi Guru dan Santri Di TPQ dan Madin Baiturrohman Sugihan Duren Sawahan Nganjuk
Authors: Iswanto Juni , In'am Asichul
Published: May 2021

Based on the problems, potentials, and assets of the Sugihan Duren Sawahan hamlet, the dedication was focused on the teacher and student assistance program in writing pegon (meaning gandul). This activity aims to develop the potential of human resources related to teacher and student training in pegon writing at TPA and Madin Baiturrohman. This program is applied to assisted objects due to the lack of personnel and training and learning related to the improvement of similar competencies, besides that it is also asked by the Board of Pesantren to provide direction and input related to pegon writing training. Various obstacles are faced by the assisted objects, starting from the lack of teachers, low student enthusiasm, the unorganized curriculum being taught, and various other problems, especially in understanding the contents of the Yellow Book and learning to write the Koran at TPA Baitur Rohman Sugihan Duren Sawahan Nganjuk. The existence of this program is expected to improve the ability of students in writing pegon so that they can easily study and deepen religious materials based on the yellow book.
Otonom Araçların Teknolojik Gelişim Süreci ve Trafik Seyir Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARASAHİN Mustafa , KIZILTAŞ Mehmet Çağrı
Published: May 2021

Otonom araçlar gelecek ulaştırması ve kentinin en önemli unsurlarından bir tanesini teşkil etmektedir. İçinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılda kentleşme, sürdürülebilirlik ve dijitalleşme en temel unsurlar olacaktır. Bunun merkezinde ise otonom araçlar etkin ve belirleyici bir konuma sahiptir. Otonom araçların trafikte ağırlığı arttıkça ulaştırma ve kentleşme de yeniden şekillenecektir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, öncelikle otonom araç özelliklerinin kent ve ulaşımla ilişkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Ardından ise otonom araçların gelişim süreci detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır. Akabinde otonom araçlarda güvenlik ve emniyet konusu değerlendirilmiş bu olup sonrasında otonom araç teknolojileri çok yönlü olarak paylaşılmıştır. Son olarak da bu kapsamda sonuçlar verilmiştir.
Immunogenetic Epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis in 14 Continental Western European Countries
Authors: James Lisa M. , Georgopoulos Apostolos P.
Published: May 2021

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA), a system involved in immune response to foreign antigens and in autoimmunity, has been strongly implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS). Prior research has shown that HLA DRB1*15:01 exerts the strongest susceptibility effect, although other HLA alleles have been implicated in both susceptibility to, and protection against, MS. Here we utilized an immunogenetic epidemiological approach to evaluate correlations between the population frequencies of 127 HLA Class I and II alleles and the population prevalence of MS in 14 Continental Western European countries to identify an HLA profile for MS. The results of these analyses, which largely corroborated prior findings and revealed several novel and highly robust HLA associations with MS, revealed a larger number of protective HLA alleles than susceptibility alleles, particularly for HLA Class I. Given the role of HLA in pathogen elimination and autoimmunity, these findings point to a contributory role of exposure to pathogens in the absence of protective HLA in underlying the inflammation and autoimmunity associated with MS.
Day Time Sleepiness and Quality of Life Predicts Perceived Stress among Youth
Authors: Panchal Sandeep , Yadav Monika
Published: May 2021

The study examined the predictor of perceived stress among youth. The variables used in the current study were day time sleepiness, quality of life and perceived stress. The sample consists of 150 youth (81Male & 69 Female) with in the age range of 18-24 years. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHO-BRIEF), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used. The data were interpreted after obtaining the descriptive statistics i.e. Mean and SD, Pearson’s Product Moment correlation and step wise multiple regression analysis. The findings indicated that day time sleepiness and quality of life have a significant positive relation with perceived stress among youth. The step wise regression analysis found day time sleepiness and psychological health related quality of life are the predictors of perceived stress. Both the variable accounts for 39% of total variance in perceived stress among youth.
A Synoptic Review of Mineralogical and Chemical Characteristics of Clays in the Southern Part of Nigeria
Authors: Eyankware Moses Oghenenyoreme , Ogwah Christopher , Ike Joy Chiaka
Published: May 2021

This paper reviews the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of clays found in southern part of Nigeria, with a view to determine its usability. The usability of clays, depends on its chemical and mineralogical charactertics, the end product of clay after it is been processed is also based on it’s charactertics. From reviewed literature, it was observed that sampled clay within the study area were analyzed using the XRD, XRF and ICPMS method. Further findings also revealed that the dominant clay minerals within the study area include montmorillonite, illite, and kaolinite. On the other hand, it was observed that non-clay minerals such as feldspar, quartz, dickite and many others were found with clay as revealed by several scholars. While chemical charactertics of clay consists mainly of Al2O3, K2O, CaO and SiO2, with other major oxides such as P2O5, MgO, Fe2O3, TiO2, MnO and Na2O. Some trace elements such Be, Ba, Sc, Sr, Zr, V and Y were reported to be present in clays deposit found in selected part of Ogun state. From reviewed articles, it was observed that mineralogical and chemical charactertics of clay make it suitable for pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetic and polymer industries, but considered to be fairly suitable for oil and gas industry.