bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BLOOD PREVIEW OF TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) GIVEN FORTIFIED FEED OF SALAM LEAF (Syzygium polyanthum) LIQUID EXTRACT
Authors: Putranto Wahyu Dwi , Syaputra Denny , Prasetiyono Eva
Published: March 2021

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is populer as resistant fish to environmental changes. Cultivating fish with a high stocking density can cause a decrease in water quality. It has an impact on susceptibility to disease due to decreased water quality. Immunostimulants from Phyto-pharmacy are needed to improve the non-specific immune system of fish from natural ingredients. Bay leaves (Syzigium polyanthum) have the potential to be used as an immunostimulant in fish. This study aimed to evaluate the extract of Salam leaves fortified in feed against the blood profile of Tilapia. The research was carried out in April - May 2018 using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Salam leaf extract through feed affects the increase of leucocytes and blood erythrocytes of tilapia but does not affect hemoglobin levels and hematocrit levels. Doses of 2x10-2 g mL-1 increased fish blood leukocytes on day 21st to be the best treatment in this study.
Regularities in the distribution of granulometric composition of tuff while crushing
Authors: Malanchuk Yevhenii , Moshynskyi Viktor , Denisyuk Petro , Malanchuk Zinovii , Khrystyuk Andriy , Korniienko Valerii , Martyniuk Petro
Published: March 2021

Purpose is to analyze distribution of granulometric composition of tuff as well as ultimate composition and identify dependence of its softening in the process of water saturation based upon a set of experiments to assess raw materials importance of the mineral. Methods. Laboratory experiments were carried out to determine ultimate composition of tuff extracted from different open pits of the region. Methods of mathematical statistics were applied to derive analytical dependences describing the tuff softening in the process of water saturation. The dependences denote logarithmic nature of the saturation increase along with the increase in the sample weight. Findings. It has been determined that tuff is a valuable mineral rather than basalt extraction waste. Thus, tuff needs both mining and complex approaches for processing and extracting of useful metals and silicates. Analytical dependences of tuff softening during water saturation have been defined. The dependences denote logarithmic nature of the saturation increase based upon a sample weight increment. Magnetic susceptibility of tuff, turned on magnetic field induction, has been identified. Dependences of distribution of technological indices (i.e. product yield, copper content and yield) in terms of granulometric-size class have been identified; the basic factors for crushing process have been determined; and regression dependences of grinder efficiency upon the input factors have been derived. Regression model of a crushing process of a general technological scheme of ore processing has been obtained involving the initial fragmentation using a jaw crusher, and additional fragmentation (i.e. reduction) using a sizer. Originality.It has been determined that magnetic susceptible tuff share is 49% of the sample weight; the remaining part is a silicate share. Logarithmic nature of the analytical softening dependences while water saturating has been identified. The above-mentioned denotes the increased saturation along with the increase in a sample weight. Practical implications. The definition of tuff ultimate composition as well as analytical softening dependences in the process of water saturation makes it possible to calculate the required water consumption. Keywords: tuff, basalt, softening, water saturation, silicate, magnetic susceptibility, ultimate composition, crushing
Preoperative predictors of Ossicular Discontinuity in non-Cholesteatoma Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Saha Kanu Lal , Ghosh Nibash Chandra , Akhtar Nasima , Talukder Debesh Chandra
Published: March 2021

Background: Though ossicular discontinuity is more common in cases of cholesteatoma, it may happen in non-cholesteatoma COM. The long process of incus is more frequently involved ossicle. Peroperative assessment of ossicular integrity is the gold standard way. But the discontinuity of the ossicular chain can be assumed before surgery by analyzing perforation edge adherent to medial wall and wide air-bone gap The purpose of the study was to find out the preoperative findings which can predict the ossicular discontinuity in non-cholesteatoma cases.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from January 2013 to June 2014. 81 patients of COM without cholesteatoma were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data were collected in a predesigned data collection sheet and analyzed with standard statistical method. Statistically significant inferred for P value <0.05. No groups whose ability to give voluntary informed consent questionable was not included. No potential risks exist in designed this study.

Results: Air-bone gap > 40 dB was found in 60% cases of ossicular discontinuity, followed by air bone gap 31-40 dB(20%), 21-30 dB(13.33%) and 11-20 dB( 6.67%) respectively. So ossicular discontinuity was more in higher air-bone gap group and it was statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Perforation edge attached to medial wall where ossicular discontinuity was 93.3% and perforation edge free from medial wall was 6.7%.Ossicular discontinuity was higher when perforation edge was found attached to medial wall which was highly statistically significant (p<0.001). Out of 25 granulation tissue cases ossicular discontinuity was found 21(84%) and ossicular chain intact was found 4(16%). That was statistically significant (p<0.01).

Conclusion: Non-cholesteatoma COM may cause ossicular disconnection. Majority ossicular discontinuity found when average air bone gap > 40 dB. Ossicular discontinuity was also found more in cases where there is attachment of perforation edge to medial wall, and presence of granulation tissue. If preoperative information can be gathered to determine whether or not the ossicular chain is intact, the patient can be better informed, counseled for ossiculoplasty before surgery.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.1, April, 2020, Page 47-52
FACTORS TO MOTIVATE CHILDREN IN FAMILY PARENTING TOWARDS ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Cahyani Aula Gita
Published: March 2021

The research objective was to determine the parenting styles applied by parents in the motivation of children to learn online in the Village of Kalipucang Wetan Jepara which explains the problems of the factors that can motivate children in family parenting in Kalipucang Wetan Jepara Village and the form of children’s motivation in family parenting in the Village of Kalipucang Wetan Jepara.The research method of study shuold discuss parenting styles and its implications for children’s motivation in online learning in the Village of Kalipucang Wetan Jepara. Parenting styles in parental control in providing care for children, in this case the parents educate and guide the child’s personality and build knowledge so that the child can develop according to his developmental age. There are four types of parenting, which include permissive, democratic, authoritative and neglect parenting. Family laerning environment is a learning environment that greatly affects the pattern of lif in children. While motivation to learn is encouragement from inside and outside to keep learning so that someone or especially elementary school students can get maximum learning outcomes because of high enthusiasm or motivation to learn. Positive parenting will provide a high motivation for learning in children.
INFLUÊNCIA DO METAL DE ADIÇÃO NAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DO METAL DEPOSITADO DE UM AÇO ESTRUTURAL DE ALTA RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: Colucci Douglas Leonardo Camargo , Ventura Junior Antonio Carlos Muniz , Bovério Maria Aparecida
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho visa avaliar a influência do Nb nas propriedades mecânicas e microestrutural do metal de solda do aço Strenx 700, obtidos com o processo Gas-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW-G). Foi realizada soldagem multipasse, com pré-aquecimento de 120°C e interpasse 200°C, na posição plana com energia de soldagem entre 0,70, 0,90 e 1,20 kJ/mm. O material de adição a ser usado é um eletrodo de alma metálica E81T1 Nb G, no diâmetro de 1,2 mm, associado à proteção gasosa de CO2.  Após a soldagem, foram realizados ensaios de tração, Charpy-V, dureza e metalográficos por microscopia ótica, microanálise por EDS e análise química para caracterização mecânica e microestrutural do metal de solda. Os resultados foram correlacionados com as microestruturas desenvolvidas tanto no metal de solda (MS) quanto na zona afetada termicamente (ZTA).
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE BACHELORS IN CONSTRUCTION AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
Authors: Nakonechna M. V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the coverage of priority basic pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional and vocational competencies of future bachelors of construction and civil engineering. The requirements for a modern specialist focused on the current labor market, scientific and technological progress, innovation and international cooperation are highlighted. The modern specialist must be ready for new challenges, be able to adapt quickly to scientific and technological progress and have innovative technologies in his/her professional activity. The article analyzes the pedagogical, psychological and philosophical literature and reveals the meaning of the concept "condition" and "pedagogical conditions". The term "conditions" is interpreted as certain circumstances, condition or environment, and "pedagogical conditions" – as circumstances, as components of the pedagogical system: content, methods, forms, tools, technologies that ensure the successful achievement of the goal and effectiveness of the educational process. The vision of leading teachers on pedagogical conditions in the field of vocational education is highlighted. The basic pedagogical conditions such as: formation of motivation, introduction of effective methods and technologies of training, integrative approach to formation of the maintenance of professional and professionally-oriented disciplines, modernization of educational process are singled out. The article offers its own vision of the basic pedagogical conditions for the training of future bachelors of construction and civil engineering and highlights the priorities. Taking into account such pedagogical conditions as motivation, providing professional competence through the content of professionally-oriented and fundamental disciplines, application of innovative pedagogical teaching technologies, introduction of effective methods, techniques and innovations in the educational process is the basis of fundamental professional training of future competitive specialists.
How Behavioral Finance during Pandemic COVID-19?
Authors: Solihat Asri , Nugraha Nugraha
Published: March 2021

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has created dramatic and unprecedented challenges for individuals, the economy, financial markets, financial institutions and governments. The purpose of this study was to determine how much change in financial behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a literature review method by comparing several previous research findings that are relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic problem. The results of this study reveal changes in financial behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in urban areas that are in the red zone and many financial transactions.
Pemertahanan Bahasa Tontemboan pada Remaja di Desa Poopo Kecamatan Passi Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow
Authors: Tampanguma Nikita , Wengkang Thelma I. M. , Palar Wimsje
Published: March 2021

Abstrak.   Tujuan   penelitian   ini   diarahkan   memerihkan   upaya   pemertahanan   bahasa Tontemboan di kalangan remaja yang tinggal di desa Poopo Kecamatan Passi Timur serta m faktor-faktor yang mendukung upaya pemertahanan bahasa Tontemboan kalangan remaja di desa Poopo Kecamatan Passi Timur. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah anak remaja usia 12-21 tahun di desa Poopo Kecamatan Passi Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adalah: (1) Keluarga sangat berpengaruh akan bertahanya bahasa daerah Tontemboan oleh para remaja di Desa Poopo Kecamatan Passi Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow. Penggunaan bahasa Tontemboan pada remaja akan membuat bahasa Tontemboan akan terpertahankan dan tidak mudah tergeser dengan bahasa lain. (2) Penggunaan bahasa Tontemboan di lingkungan rumah, lingkungan sekolah dan lingkungan masyarakat oleh remaja di desa Poopo Kecamatan Passi Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow menunjukkan bahwa remaja yang dapat menggunakan bahasa Tontemboan sebanyak 17 orang (37,50%); Sedikit menggunakan bahasa Tontemboan sebanyak  13  orang (32, 50 %); Kadang-kadang  pernah menggunakan  bahasa Tontemboan sebanyak 21 orang (30,88); Tidak dapat menggunakan bahasa Tontemboan sebanyak 12 orang (30,00  %)  (3)  Penggunaan  bahasa  Tontemboan  oleh  remaja  desa  Poopo  memiliki  fungsi sebagai : 1) Lambang kebanggaan daerah; 2) Lambang identitas/ jati diri daerah; 3) Alat penghubung di dalam keluarga masyarakat daerah pada suatu komunitas tertentu.Kata Kunci: Pemertahanan, Bahasa Tontemboan, Remaja
Pengaruh Terapi Bermain Mewarnai Gambar terhadap Kecemasan Hospitaslisasi pada Anak Prasekolah
Authors: Aryani Dwi , Zaly Nedra Wati
Published: March 2021

Hospitalization is a state of crisis in children, when the child is sick and hospitalized. The hospital care environment can cause fear and anxiety in the child. Play activity therapy is one of the good activities to overcome the anxiety of children who are hospitalized, so that it can accelerate the healing process of pain in children. This study aims to find out the effect of play therapy coloring pictures on anxiety due to hospitalization in preschool age children in the pavilion of Gatot Soebroto Hospital. This research applies pre-experimental method with one group pre test post test design approach. The sample of this study was 35 respondents with purpose sampling techniques. T test results obtained p = 0.000 value if α = 0.05 then p<α and Ha are accepted. The results of this study showed that there is an influence of play therapy coloring pictures on the decrease in anxiety due to hospitalization in preschool-age children in the Pavilion of Gatot Soebroto Hospital in 2019. This research is expected to increase play therapy activities as one of the interventions to help reduce anxiety, especially preschool-age children who are experiencing hospitalization
Determinan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pekauman Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Norfai Norfai , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: March 2021

This research is an analytic survey with a Case Control approach with a ratio of 1:1. The sample size was 92 respondents with Purposive Sampling technique. Data collection on stunting events in infants was obtained from secondary data captured at Pekauman Public Health Services, while data on maternal age, maternal education level, maternal height, history of birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, completeness of basic immunizations, parity, family income and history of pregnancy KEK (chronic energy deficiency) were obtained with the interview method using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariate maternal statistics, bivariate statistical Chi Square test statistically there was no relationship between using age, maternal height, history of birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, completeness of basic immunizations, parity, family income, and history of  pregnancy KEK (chronic energy deficiency) with stunting in children under five years. Statistically there is a significant relationship between mother's education level and the incidence of stunting in children under five years in Banjarmasin Pekauman Public Health Services working area. The mother's education level variable is the dominant variable with Odds Ratio of 2.072. Odds Ratio 2.072 means that the low level of education of mothers has the risk of stunting and multivariate statistical tests using the enter method using a computer program with a 95% confidence level. Based on the results of the study it was found that in infants by 2,072 times greater than the mother's high level of education. It is recommended that comprehensive and intensive education about parenting during the First 1,000 Days of Life is needed, in order to be able to change the mindset of mother who have children under five years about the importance of nutrition in children under five years to health
Hubungan Penggunaan Media Sosial Whatsapp Berkonten Pornografi dengan Perilaku Seksual Berisiko pada Remaja di SMKN X Jakarta Timur
Authors: Rettob Nurwati , Murtiningsih Murtiningsih
Published: March 2021

WhatsApp is social media which very popular in the society. Using social media such as WhatsApp has a  positives and negatives impacts. The negative impact of WhatsApp is the teenager which access and share the link of pornographies. The aim of this research is to know the relation between the users of WhatsApp as social media which has content of pornographies and sexual behaviors toward teenagers at SMKN X East Jakarta. The methodology  in this research is using correlation study. The instrument which is using questionnaire of user WhatsApp as social media and questionnaire which for the people who has big risk to sexual behaviors. Population which uses in this research is students at SMKN X East Jakarta which took 104 respondents as sample. The result from univariate analyses in this research is showing us that most of the respondents which using WhatsApp as social media has 58 respondents (55,8%) that got negative impacts. And for sexual behaviors 58 respondent (55,8%) which categorize to have big risk. The result of analyses of chi square, that shows us that there is signification relation between the users of WhatsApp as social media which has content of pornographies and sexual behaviors towardteenagers at SMKN X East Jakarta with value p-value (0,040), and value OR=2,470 which means that if the users of social media such WhatsApp that has contents of pornographies (negative) then teenagers have big opportunity to do sexual behaviors
Evaluation of the Effect of Platelet Rich Fibrin Membrane on the Neurosensory Function Following Inferior Alveolar Nerve Lateralization for Implant Placement
Authors: Eman S. Shalaby  , Salah Yassin  , Ann Ali Abd-Alkader  , Abdelmoez Elsharkawy
Published: March 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PRF membrane on the neurosensory disturbance ofthe inferior alveolar nerve following IAN lateralization surgery for immediate implant placement.Methodology: The study was conducted on six patients underwent IAN lateralization surgery for immediateimplant placement and the nerve was surrounded by PRF membrane. The neurosensory disturbance wasevaluated using visual analogue scale preoperatively and postoperative at 1 week, 2 weeks,1 month,3 monthand 6 month.Results: At 1 week post-operative 100% of the patients had recorded complete absence of sensations in thelip and chin region. At 6 month post-operative (66.6%) of the patients has recorded score 4 and (33.3 %) ofthe patients have recorded score 5.The mean and median value significantly decreased at one week post-operatively, then gradually increased inthe subsequent observations. Friedman test revealed a significant difference between observations (p=0.00).Conclusions: The PRF membrane resulted in no immediate postoperative improvement of the neurosensorydisturbance of the inferior alveolar nerve following IAN lateralization surgery for immediate implantplacement and the nerve recovery followed the normal course.
Changes of Hemodynamic Parameters at the Preparatory Stage of Periodization Training among the Male and Female Athletes Involved in Different Running Events
Authors: Fissehatsion G.yohannes  , Soumitra Mondal  , Abraha Hailu  , Mathivanan
Published: March 2021

The present study was conducted to determine the changes occurs in hemodynamic variables of (HR, LVSD,LVESD, Stroke volume, Cardiac output) at different training phases of periodization in athletic events suchas, middle distance and long-distance running between the male and female novice athletes in athletictraining center at maychew, Ethiopia.Materials and Method: In this qazi-experimental study, 18 athletes selected from different phases of trainingat maychew athletic training center in Ethiopia. The novice athletes of male and female were selected by theirperformance in the regional wise, as they are novice athletes in the training center they used to go for morethan a year training however the researcher wanted to know the hemodynamic parameters changes occursbefore the athletes used to engage in specific period of training. To analyze the hemodynamic parameterthe subjects were taken to the comprehensive specialized regional hospital then, "Echocardiography  was performed by VIVID E-19(General Electric) undertaken using a 2.5MHz probe "are used to calculate several hemodynamic parameters the values of hemodynamic parameters were recorded at intervals. The recorded data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using independent t-test, it is concluded that while comparing the male and female novice athletes male athletes are dominating in longdistance then female athletes are dominating in middle distance running events.
Assessment of coagulation and fibrinolytic factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Toyosi Abolarin Ademola , Oluwayemisi Olawumi Hannah , Adenike Durotoye Idayat , Kola Olarinoye John , Joyce Olufemi-Aworinde Kehinde
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by major changes in the coagulation and fibrinolytic system. The study was aimed at assessing the degree of changes in the coagulation and fibrinolytic system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North-central Nigeria. This was a hospital based comparative Cross-sectional study involving 78 type 2 diabetics and 78 healthy controls. Full blood count was performed using Sysmex XP 300 according to manufacturer’s instructions. Prothrombin time was determined using one stage test of Owren. Activated partial thromboplastin time was determined by method of Proctor and Rapaport. Fibrinogen assay was determined using AssayMax Human Fibrinogen ELISA. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor type-1 was determined using the AssayMax Human PAI-1 ELISA kit. The mean age of the subjects and controls were 60.73 ± 10.8 and 59.65 ± 12.7 years respectively. The mean diastolic blood pressure of subjects with Diabetes was significantly higher than that of the controls (91.84 ± 11.02 vs 87.58 ± 11.3: p-value =0.002). The mean Prothrombin time, Fibrinogen concentration and PAI- 1 level were significantly higher in the subjects than the controls (p = 0.047, 0.031 & 0.020). No significant differences were observed in Platelet count, APTT and INR (P=0.938, 0.664 & 0.059 respectively). This study confirms that diabetes mellitus is a cause of hypercoagulable state as evidenced by the significant alteration in the coagulation and fibrinolytic system. There is need for proper glycaemic control in patients with diabetes.
COVID-19: the difference between the nose and the lung
Authors: Gelardi Matteo , Notargiacomo Mario , Trecca Eleonora Maria Consiglia , Cassano Michele , Ciprandi Giorgio
Published: March 2021

To the Editor

An elegant study reported dysmorphic cells and syncytia in the deceased's lungs for COVID-19. The authors reasonably considered that most of these syncytia-forming cells were pneumocytes, as identified by specific biomarkers. However, cellular dysmorphism and syncytia are pathological features common in other respiratory infections caused by different viruses, including the human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as correctly documented...
Electronic intensive care unit
Authors: Iyengar Karthikeyan P , Garg Rakesh , Jain Vijay Kumar , Malhotra Nipun , Ish Pranav
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has awakened the need for telemedicine and teleconsultation to continue medical care while maintaining social distancing for safety against infection. The concept of the electronic intensive care unit (e-ICU) is evolving rapidly in developed nations. e-ICU in developing countries like India not only has great potential but also has many roadblocks. This article showcases the concept, advantages, and challenges of e-ICU in India, with a glimpse of the future.
Conventional flexible bronchoscopy during the COVID pandemic
Authors: Chhajed Prashant N. , Nene Amita , Abhyankar Nitin , Akkaraju Jayachandra , Agarwal Ritesh , Arora Surinder , Bhat Rajani , Chawla Rakesh , Christopher DJ , Chowdhary Sushmita Roy , Dhar Raja , Dhooria Sahajal , Goyal Rajiv , Gupta Richa , James Prince , Koul Parvaiz A , Khader A K Abdul , Madan Karan , Marwah Vikas , Mehta Ravindra , Mohan Anant , Nangia Vivek , Patel Dharmesh , Pattabhiraman V R , Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Singh Sheetu , Srinivasan Arjun , Swarnakar Rajesh , Tampi Shyamsunder
Published: March 2021

During the times of the ongoing COVID pandemic, aerosol-generating procedures such as bronchoscopy have the potential of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to the healthcare workers. The decision to perform bronchoscopy during the COVID pandemic should be taken judiciously. Over the years, the indications for bronchoscopy in the clinical practice have expanded. Experts at the Indian Association for Bronchology perceived the need to develop a concise statement that would assist a bronchoscopist in performing bronchoscopy during the COVID pandemic safely. The current Indian Association for Bronchology Consensus Statement provides specific guidelines including triaging, indications, bronchoscopy area, use of personal protective equipment, patient preparation, sedation and anesthesia, patient monitoring, bronchoscopy technique, sample collection and handling, bronchoscope disinfection, and environmental disinfection concerning the coronavirus disease-2019 situation. The suggestions provided herewith should be adopted in addition to the national bronchoscopy guidelines that were published recently. This statement summarizes the essential aspects to be considered for the performance of bronchoscopy in COVID pandemic, to ensure safety for both for patients and healthcare personnel.
European approaches to sustainable work: introductory remarks
Authors: Abrahamsson Kenneth
Published: March 2021

Introductory comment on background to the issue and the Swedish platform for sustainable work in EU Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe and short presentation of the content and title of articles and contributors.
High and rising senior employment in the Nordic countries
Authors: Halvorsen Bjørn
Published: March 2021

The employment of older workers is high and rising in the Nordic countries, and most seniors have flexible access to emloyment or retirement from their early sixties. There is still potential for further improvements even in the Nordic countries, however.  This article describes and analyses this development and the main policies and reforms behind it. The article ends up with some preliminary impacts on senior employment  from the Covid 19 pandemic this year
Talent and Talent Management: Definition and Issues
Authors: Ansar Novera
Published: March 2021

Talent' has become a popular term amongst academicians and practitioners during the last two decades. A general problem, despite this increased interest on “Talent”, is that the construct of Talent and Talent Management lack theoretical vigor and standardized definition. The aim of this paper is to make a contribution to the literature on “Talent” and “Talent Management” by a critical review of the construct of “Talent”. The evolution of the definition of the term “Talent” was traced through different time periods starting from the Biblical Times when talent was used for a very large sum of money to the present times when it is considered as a cognitive ability. A philological perspective was also taken to identify the roots of different approaches towards “Talent” in speakers of different languages and terms, that are interchangeably used in lieu of Talent were also explored. Different definitions of the term “Talent Management” were analyzed to understand the different approaches taken by the authors. The dominant approach used in the definitions of Talent Management was found to be exclusive. The study concluded that it is important to develop a uniform definition of Talent and Talent Management for a shared understanding for both academic work on the topic and its practical implication for the corporate world.
Pinning in the Play Fighting of Rats: A Comparative Perspective With Methodological Recommendations
Authors: Himmler Stephanie M. , Himmler Brett T. , Stryjek Rafał , Modlińska Klaudia , Pisula Wojciech , Pellis Sergio M.
Published: March 2021

During play fighting, rats attack and defend the nape and during the course of this competitive interaction, they may adopt a configuration in which one animal stands over its supine partner (i.e., pin). Because the pin configuration is typically frequent and relatively easy to identify, it has been widely used as a marker to detect the effects of experimental treatments. In the present study, the frequency of pinning during standardized, 10min trials in three strains of rats, Long Evans hooded (LE), Sprague-Dawley (SD) and wild (WWCPS), was compared. LE and SD had higher rates than WWCPS rats (#/min: 6.5, 5.5, 1.5, respectively). When adjusted for strain differences in the frequency of attacks, SD as well as WWCPS rats had lower rates of pinning compared to LE rats. Both SD and WWCPS rats were less likely to use tactics of defense that promote pinning. Moreover, while the majority of the pins achieved in LE rats arose from the defender actively rolling over onto its back, the majority of pins in WWCPS rats arose because one partner pushed the other onto its back. SD rats were intermediate in this regard. Finally, once they do adopt the pin configuration, SD rats are less likely to remain supine than LE and WWCPS rats. That is, both SD and WWCPS rats have significantly fewer pins than LE rats, but a different combination of factors account for this. These data highlight the need to use a battery of measures for ascertaining the effects of experimental manipulations on play. Some suggested guidelines are provided.
Spatial Overshadowing in Pigeons: Evidence for an Acquisition Deficit
Authors: Wong Jared , Leising Kenneth J. , Blaisdell Aaron P.
Published: March 2021

We investigated theoretical accounts of spatial overshadowing using a landmark-based spatial-search task in a touchscreen preparation with pigeons. Pigeons first learned to find a hidden target on a screen using a compound of two visual cues as landmarks. Landmark A was proximal to the target while landmark X was distal to the target. Experiment 1 replicated our prior spatial overshadowing effect whereby landmark A overshadowed the development of spatial control by X. Spatial control by X was also poorer than by landmark Y which had been paired with the target alone but with the same absolute distance to the target as X had. Thus, the poor spatial control by X was not merely due to the greater X-target distance (relative to the A-target distance). Experiments 2a and 2b failed to find recovery from spatial overshadowing of X through either post-training extinction or counterconditioning of overshadowing landmark A, respectively. We interpret our results as being consistent with acquisition-focused models of elementary associative learning, but not with performance-focused models.
Investigating the Effects of Applied Learning Principles on the “Create” Response in Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Lawrence Mary K. , Borger-Turner Jill L. , Turner Ted N. , Eskelinen Holli C.
Published: March 2021

When analyzing animal behavior, it is important to consider the influence of learning principles. The create response of bottlenose dolphins, elicited by a discriminative stimulus, or an SD (visual cue presented to an animal by a trainer), has been described as an elective, often novel response based on arbitrary preferences of individual animals. The goal of this study was to identify the potential influence of reinforcement theory, response class, and primacy and recency on the create responses of bottlenose dolphins. Three, male subjects with an established mastery of the create paradigm, identified in this study as a non-specific, non-repeat contingency, were assessed over the course of two months while under stimulus control (pre-assessment), followed by evaluations of the create response (create assessment) using a double-blind sampling model. During the pre- and create assessments, each response was quantified regarding response class, frequency of request, and reinforcement type, frequency, and magnitude. When presented with the create SD, the dolphins elected to produce behaviors predominantly associated with the more recent training context (create assessment) versus behaviors associated with training that occurred months prior (pre-assessment), which may demonstrate the effects of primacy versus recency. Additionally, the create trials were associated with reinforcement on a high frequency and magnitude, fixed, low ratio schedule, and the subjects most often performed the behaviors associated with the greatest magnitude of primary reinforcement, which highlights the influence of reinforcement and the law of effects. Lastly, two subjects never responded with high energy behaviors in the create contingency, and one subject performed significantly more low and medium energy responses when compared to high energy behaviors, capturing the effects of a response class characterized by intensity under a fixed ratio reinforcement schedule. Thus, the create response was not represented by arbitrary elective preferences but rather, partially driven by the learning theories examined.
Chickadee Behavioural Response to Varying Threat Levels of Predator and Conspecific Calls
Authors: Congdon Jenna V. , Hahn Allison H. , McMillan Neil , Avey Marc T. , Sturdy Christopher B.
Published: March 2021

Chickadees produce many vocalizations, including chick-a-dee calls which they use as a mobbing call in the presence of predators. Previous research has shown that chickadees produce more D notes in their mobbing calls in response to high-threat predators compared to low-threat predators, and may perceive predator and corresponding mobbing vocalizations as similar. We presented black-capped chickadees with playback of high- and low-threat predator calls and conspecific mobbing calls, and non-threat heterospecific and reversed mobbing calls, to examine vocal and movement behavioural responses. Chickadees produced more chick-a-dee calls in response to playback of calls produced by a high-threat predator compared to calls produced by a low-threat predator, and to reversed high-threat mobbing calls compared to normal (i.e., non-reversed) high-threat mobbing calls. Chickadees also vocalized more in response to all playback conditions consisting of conspecific mobbing calls compared to a silent baseline period. The number of D notes that the subjects produced was similar to previous findings; chickadees produced approximately one to three D notes per call in response to low-threat mobbing calls, and produced more calls containing four to five D notes in response to high-threat mobbing calls, although this difference in the number of D notes per call was not significant. The difference in chickadees’ production of tseet calls across playback conditions approached significance as chickadees called more in response to conspecific mobbing calls, but not in response to heterospecific calls. General movement activity decreased in response to playback of conspecific-produced vocalizations, but increased in response to heterospecific-produced vocalizations, suggesting that chickadees may mobilize more in response to predator playback in preparation for a “fight or flight” situation. These results also suggest that chickadees may produce more mobbing calls in response to high-threat predator vocalizations as an attempt to initiate mobbing with conspecifics, while they produce fewer mobbing calls in response to a low-threat predator that a chickadee could outmaneuver.
Behavioral Lateralization in the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)
Authors: Tyler-Julian Kara , Chapman Kate M. , Frances Candice , Bauer Gordon B.
Published: March 2021

We examined side preferences in the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) through observations of limb use (right and left flipper) in 123 wild and 16 captive individuals. We also analyzed archival data on wild manatees to develop an index of boat-caused body scars to determine lateralization of evasive action. Wild and captive manatees displayed flipper lateralization at the individual, but not the population level for several behaviors including substrate touches, sculling, and feeding. In contrast, manatees were lateralized at the population level for boat-scar biases with more manatees showing a left scar bias (45%) versus right (34%) or dorsal (21%).
Relational and Analogical Reasoning in Comparative Cognition
Authors: Dymond Simon , Stewart Ian
Published: March 2021

Several nonhuman animal species have been claimed to successfully pass tests indicative of relational matching and to therefore engage in analogical reasoning. Here, we address these claims by focusing on one recent case study. We illustrate several potential methodological limitations that make it uncertain as to whether the subjects in this particular study were indeed showing relational matching. To the extent that similar or analogous limitations apply in other studies, this undermines the claim of relational matching. Apart from this, however, even if relational matching was to be conclusively demonstrated in non-humans, this behavior alone is profoundly different from analogical reasoning as performed by humans. Substantial converging evidence now suggests a critically important difference between humans and nonhumans at the level of behavioral process that explains why nonhumans do not engage in complex language and therefore do not engage in processes that require complex language, including analogy. In accordance with both these arguments, we suggest that caution is needed in the comparative cognition literature when extrapolating from nonhuman to human cognitive capacity.
Certain Investigations on Military Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Pragadeswaran Mr. S. , Madhumitha Ms. S. , Gopinath Dr. S.
Published: March 2021

Now a day’s Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) tends to attracts scientific community and its applications become the topic for many studies. This has been made possible by availability; especially in sensors have gotten smaller, cheaper and smarter in recent years. In order to form a network, these sensors are equipped with wireless interfaces by which they can communicate with each other. The use of and the ability to organise these sensors into networks have revealed several research challenges and have highlighted new approaches to deal with those problems. The goal of this article is to provide an up-to-date overview of both traditional and most modern WSN military applications and, hopefully, not only to allow this scientific field to be understood, but also to encourage the perception of new applications. The key categories of Wireless Sensor Networks applications are identified and characteristic examples of the applications are identified in order to achieve this objective.
Lineamientos para Laboratorios de Cateterismo Pediátrico en tiempos de COVID-19: Ecuador
Authors: Ríos Méndez Raúl , Vásquez Rodríguez Verónica , Duque Solórzano Simón , Arauz Martínez María
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo general del presente lineamiento es proponer una normativa para realización de cateterismos programados o de emergencia en pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19 confirmado o sospechoso.

Pregunta de salud cubierta por la Guía: ¿Cómo deben ser atendidos los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico o sospecha de COVID-19 que requieren un cateterismo cardíaco programado o por emergencia?

Población: La población objetivo es pacientes en edad pediátrica con enfermedades cardiovasculares que requieren cateterismo cardíaco programada o por emergencia y en quienes se sospecha el diagnóstico de COVID-19.

Guías: se hacen recomendaciones de bioseguridad en la atención de este grupo específico de pacientes.
Sensibilidad y Especificidad de los Índices SNAP II Y SNAPPE II como predictores de Mortalidad Neonatal en pacientes ingresados en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales
Authors: Abril Silva Martha Beatriz , Medina Poma Sandra Liliana , Lalangui Campoverde Ana Lucía
Published: March 2021

Introducción: Los sistemas de puntuación fisiológica neonatal SNAP-II y SNAPPE-II (puntaje extendido) desempeñan un papel importante en la predicción de mortalidad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue contrastar estas escalas en pacientes ingresados a una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) y realizar un test diagnóstico para predicción de mortalidad.

Métodos: Este estudio observacional analítico fue realizado en la UCIN del Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Isidro Ayora, Quito-Ecuador en diciembre 2014 a noviembre 2015. Se incluyeron todos los posibles casos analizables. Las variables edad gestacional, sexo, variables clínicas del puntaje SNAP II, SNAPPE-II y mortalidad. El Grupo 1 (G1): Neonatos con fallecimiento, Grupo 2 (G2): Neonatos vivos. Se calculó Sensibilidad (S), Especificidad (E), Valor Predictivo Positivo (VPP), Valor Predictivo Negativo (VPN) de cada Puntaje.

Resultados: 200 casos fueron incluidos. Componentes del Puntaje SNAP II: Tensión arterial media, temperatura Corporal y PaO2/FiO2 no tuvieron diferencias entre grupos. El pH en G1: n=48 fue de 7.25 ±0.16 en G2: n=152 fue de 7.32 ±0.13 (P=0.005). Flujo Urinario en G1: 1 ±1.27 en G2: 2.7 ±2.2 (P<0.001). En SNAPPE II, el APGAR al 5to minuto, y “pequeño para edad gestacional”, sin diferencias estadísticas. Puntaje SNAP II: S:79.2%, E:60.5%, VPP:38.8%, VPN:90.2%. Puntaje SNAPPE-II: S:93.8%, E:45.4%, VPP:35.2%, VPN:95.8%.

Conclusión: El puntaje SNAPPE-II es el mejor predictor de mortalidad, y se recomienda su uso al ingreso de los pacientes en las UCIN.
The Relationship of Health Consciousness and Obesity Perception with Purchase Intention for Coca Cola Pakistan
Authors: Sultan Hina , Ahmad Azeem , Hashmi Arshia
Published: March 2021

In the vilest competitive market, the purchaser goods manufacturing industries pay devotion to purchasing intention to continue their market status and boost their goodwill. This research study was agreed out to clarify the factors affecting the purchase intention of Coca Cola. This study aims to observe the effect of the independent variable (Health Consciousness and Obesity perception) on the dependent variable (purchase intention). The study describes that the relation between the dependent variable has an insignificant relationship with Health Consciousness and Obesity Perception. This study is based on quantitative estimates, and the sample size of this study is 384. And 550 questionnaires were used for the collection of data. This study shows that health consciousness and obesity perception have an insignificant relationship with purchase intention. The results revealed from SPSS and PLS-SEM showed two out of two insignificant hypotheses, and the remaining are insignificant. Moreover, this study's results have key implications for the beverage sector as they strain the beverage industry's vital role.
Communication and Its Impact on Customer Satisfaction in Hospitality Industry
Authors: Walelign Andualem
Published: March 2021

The main aim of this study was to assess the influence of communication on customer satisfaction. Descriptive statistics (mean score and standard deviation) were used to examine the customers’ perceptions and current status of customer satisfaction. The least performance was obtained from the mean score of communication dimension. Correlation and regression analysis were used to see the relationship between dependent and independent variables as well as to investigate cause and effect relationships. The key finding showed that there was a positive and significant effect of communication on customer satisfaction.
Pelayanan Pihak Rumah Sakit Swasta Terhadap Pasien Miskin di Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Keumala Cut Muftia , Zanzibar Zanzibar
Published: March 2021

The hospital as a health service facility has a very strategic role in an effort to accelerate the improvement of the health status of the Indonesian citizens - both public and private hospitals. This is because hospitals have the capacity of affording quality health services that are affordable to the poor community. Based on the research results, it shows that the health services provided by the Bunda Lhokseumawe Hospital have been carried out optimally according to the applicable procedures. Patient satisfaction with the health services. There are those who give satisfying responses to a friendly doctor's attitude and there are also the patient's responses that are not satisfactory. The lack of ability of IT operators to computer applications is a very fatal obstacle in online administration services. To overcome this predicament, intensive socialization and training are required for the IT operators so that they will be able to overcome various obstacles in the event of technical errors during data entry. Another obstacle to health services carried out by the Bunda Lhokseumawe Hospital for patients is the lack of specialist doctors. To overwhelm this matter, the management must recruit more specialist doctors to the hospital.
Higher Education in China, a Paradigm Shift from Conventional to Online Teaching
Authors: He Wang , Wei Gao
Published: March 2021

The entire education system, from elementary school to higher education, distorted during the lockdown period. The latest 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is not only recorded in China, but also globally. This research is an account of the online teaching paradigm assumed in the teaching method by most of universities in China and subsequent tests over the course. It looks forward to offering resources rich in knowledge for future academic decision-making in any adversity. The aim of this research paper is to explain the prerequisites for online education and teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic and how to effectively turn formal education into online education through the use of virtual classrooms and other main online instruments in an ever-changing educational setting by leveraging existing educational tools. The paper uses both quantitative and qualitative research approaches to analyses the views of online teachers and students on the learning regime, with specific attention to the online learning regime implementation process. In the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak, the purpose of this article is to provide an in-depth overview of online learning. These activities took place during a time of isolation, including the creation of a link between the process of change management and the online learning process in the education system to tackle current issues of academic interference and, however, the re-establishment of educational practice and debate as a normal system of procedural education.