bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Stratification on Wind‐Driven Upwelling Over a Coastal Valley
Authors: Chen Zhaoyun , Li Chaohan , Zhang Shuwen , Jiang Yuwu , Wang Aijun
Published: October 2024

In‐situ observations indicate variations in stratified conditions over the coastal valley off the Sansha Bay in the northwestern Taiwan Strait across different years. However, dynamic processes and mechanisms governing the upwelling process over the valley, as influenced by stratification, are still unknown. By employing idealized numerical simulations, we demonstrate that compared to the unstratified case, the surface offshore flow intensifies, upwelling flux and net cross‐shore transport are enhanced, upwelling area expands, and the cross‐shore velocity structure is modified over the valley under stratified conditions. The primary factor controlling the vertical velocity within the valley is the relative vorticity change along a streamline (RVC). Further decomposition of the RVC reveals that the depth‐averaged alongshore velocity () and the depth‐averaged alongshore gradient of vorticity () primarily modulate the magnitude and spatial distribution of the vertical velocity. The negative zone of the expands in the valley, resulting in a larger upwelling area. The magnitude of the in the upper layer is slightly enhanced. The combined influence of these two factors leads to increased upwelling flux in the valley under stratified conditions. The net upslope motion over the valley is intensified under stratified conditions. The augmented advection of relative potential vorticity, originating from the increased amplitude of coastal trapped lee waves, primarily contributes to the enhanced net cross‐shore transport in the valley.
Hydrodynamics Mediates Biogeochemical Dynamics of Particulate Organic Matter in the Shelf of the Northern South China Sea During Summer
Authors: Jiang Zhiqin , Shi Zhen , Chen Dawei , Li Xiangfu , Li Ruihuan , Xu Jie
Published: October 2024

Environmental conditions, physiology and community composition of phytoplankton and the carbon and nitrogen isotope signature (δ13CPOC and δ15NPN) of particulate organic matter (POM) often covary across marine environments. However, little was known on the link of δ13CPOC and δ15NPN and the community and biochemical composition of phytoplankton. In this study, particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PN), δ13CPOC, δ15NPN, phytoplankton community composition and biomass were determined during summer, along with environmental variables, in the shelf of the northern South China Sea influenced by the Pearl River plume, upwelling and anticyclonic eddy. Our results show that variability in δ13CPOC and δ15NPN along an environmental gradient is coupled with shifts in phytoplankton community composition and carbon to chlorophyll a (C:Chl a) ratio of phytoplankton. Low δ13CPOC values (−28.4 to −27.0‰) at nearshore stations (salinity <21) were primarily due to terrestrial POM input. High δ13CPOC (>−21.0‰) and δ15NPN (>5.6‰) values are most likely attributed to high abundance of diatoms induced by riverine nutrients in the plume‐impacted waters with intermediate salinity (21< salinity <33). Low δ13CPOC (<−22.0‰) and δ15NPN (−1.1–3.7‰) values are associated with high abundance of slow‐growing cyanobacteria in the oligotrophic area (salinity >33), where the lowest δ15NPN is most likely attributed to high abundance of N2‐fixing Trichodesmium spp., due to the influence of the anticyclonic eddy. Therefore, hydrodynamics modulates the biochemical composition and community composition of phytoplankton, leading to changes in δ13CPOC and δ15NPN. Our findings advance our understanding of the coupling of physical and biogeochemical processes in marginal seas.
Generation of the Quasi‐Biweekly Oscillation in the Surface Potential Vorticity Over the Tibetan Plateau During Boreal Summer: A Case Study of 2014
Authors: Guo Danni , Liu Yimin , Wu Guoxiong , Mao Jiangyu , Jiang Jilan , Yang Yaoxian
Published: October 2024

The atmospheric circulation around the Tibetan Plateau (TP) exhibits a substantial 10–20‐day quasi–biweekly oscillation (QBWO), profoundly impacting weather and climate locally and remotely. Understanding the factors influencing the generation of QBWO over the TP (QBWOTP) and its physical mechanism is crucial. This study has investigated the influence of multi–timescale and land–atmosphere interactions on the generation of the QBWOTP in surface potential vorticity (SPV), a valuable tool for characterizing the mechanical and thermal variabilities in mountain forcing, based on a 2014 case study. Results indicate that in the free atmosphere, the summer monsoon onset over the Bay of Bengal induces a northward shift in the westerly jet toward the TP, manifested as an increase in low‐frequency zonal winds. This shift facilitates the propagation of wave trains, leading to atmospheric quasi–biweekly potential temperature anomalies (θa) over the TP through a multi‐timescale interaction. Additionally, the TP's surface thermal forcing and arrival of wave trains trigger anomalous upward motion and increase cloud cover. The resultant decrease in net short‐wave radiations and increase in net long‐wave radiations contribute to variations in surface potential temperature (θs) over the TP. As θa and θs evolve, the difference between them enlarges, resulting in the generation of the SPV QBWOTP. Given the relationship between the QBWOTP and downstream rainfall, this study could provide novel insights into understanding and predicting downstream rainfall QBWO.
Perceptions and decision-making of dental professionals to adopting sustainable waste management behaviour: a Theory of Planned Behaviour analysis
Authors: Lakhani Bhanu , Givati Assaf
Published: October 2024

Background High carbon emissions associated with clinical waste disposal in dentistry pose an environmental and public health concern. Current NHS guidelines do not mandate sustainable waste management resulting in recyclable dental waste being incinerated. In the absence of such policies, decision to implement sustainable waste management practices falls upon dental professionals who rely on their own knowledge and beliefs about the environmental impact of dentistry. Literature exploring barriers to sustainable waste management by dental professionals require further insight on dental professionals' decision-making processes. Therefore, this study uses a behavioural decision-making model - the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) - to explore sustainable waste segregation behaviour of dental professionals based on their attitudes and beliefs about sustainable dentistry and climate change.

Methods Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with dental professionals between October and November 2022 in dental practices in Fife, Scotland. Interviews were analysed using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic data analysis.

Findings Following thematic analysis, eight themes were identified around the participants' attitudes, perceived subjective norms and perceived behavioural control, pointing at the way knowledge gaps and lack of awareness were often linked with attitudes which are associated with low intention to execute sustainable waste management.

Conclusions TPB offers a useful framework to understand waste segregation behaviour of dental professionals. Further studies are required to further establish sustainable waste management behaviour.
Active-type piezoelectric smart textiles with antifouling performance for pathogenic control
Authors: Lee Su Eon , Lee Hanna , Kim Jang Hwan , Park Jae Chul , Kyung Sooah , Choi Hayoung , Baek Su Hyun , Park Jun Hyun , Park Sohyun , Kim Jeong-Min , Jo Hye-Jun , Cho Seung Hyeon , Kim Jiwoong , Kim Hojun , Han Seung Ho , Oh Jun Kyun , Kim Bong Hoon
Published: October 2024

Recently, an investigation into preventive measures for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has garnered considerable attention. Consequently, strategies for the proactive prevention of viral pathogens have also attracted significant interest in the field of wearable devices and electronic textiles research, particularly due to their potential applications in personal protective equipment. In this study, we introduce smart textiles designed with optimized piezoelectric devices that exhibit antifouling performance against microorganisms and actively inactivate viruses. These active-type smart textiles, which incorporate advanced lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics, a stretchable interconnector array, and polymeric fabric, demonstrate effective antifouling capabilities, detaching approximately 90% of Escherichia coli and 75% of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, they inactivate viruses, releasing ~26.8 ng of N protein from ruptured SARS-CoV-2, using ultrasonic waves within the wearable platform. Experimental results show that piezoelectric smart textiles significantly reduce the spread of COVID-19 by leveraging the electrical and acoustic properties of PZT ceramics.
Using machine learning to understand social isolation and loneliness in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and the community
Authors: Abplanalp Samuel J. , Green Michael F. , Wynn Jonathan K. , Eisenberger Naomi I. , Horan William P. , Lee Junghee , McCleery Amanda , Miklowitz David J. , Reddy L. Felice , Reavis Eric A.
Published: October 2024

Social disconnection, including objective social isolation and subjective loneliness, is linked to substantial health risks. Yet, little is known about the predictors of social disconnection in individuals with mental illness. Here, we used machine learning to identify predictors of social isolation and loneliness in schizophrenia (N = 72), a psychiatric condition associated with social disconnection. For comparison, we also included two other groups: a psychiatric comparison sample of bipolar disorder (N = 48) and a community sample enriched for social isolation (N = 151). We fitted statistical models of social isolation and loneliness within and across groups. Each model included five candidate predictors: social avoidance motivation, depression, nonsocial cognition, social anhedonia, and social cognition. The results showed that social anhedonia explained unique variance in social isolation and loneliness in all samples, suggesting that it contributes to social isolation and loneliness broadly. However, nonsocial cognition explained unique variance in social isolation only within schizophrenia. Thus, social anhedonia could be a potential intervention target across populations, whereas nonsocial cognition may play a unique role in determining social disconnection in schizophrenia.
Evaluation of mrkD, pgaC and wcaJ as biomarkers for rapid identification of K. pneumoniae biofilm infections from endotracheal aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavage
Authors: Devanga Ragupathi Naveen Kumar , Muthuirulandi Sethuvel Dhiviya Prabaa , Ganesan Anju , Murugan Dhivya , Baskaran Ashtawarthani , Wannigama Dhammika Leshan , Monk Peter N. , Karunakaran Esther , Veeraraghavan Balaji
Published: October 2024

Klebsiella pneumoniaehas been identified as one of the most important opportunistic pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections. Antibiotic resistance and the ability to form biofilms are the two main factors involved in the persistence of infections. Conventional detection methods involve culture isolation and identification followed by biofilm assay that takes 48–72 h. Timely detection of biofilm-forming resistant pathogens is essential to appropriately treat the infection with the right dose and combinations. The present study focuses on evaluating an RT-PCR panel usingmrkD,pgaC, andwcaJ genes to screen for biofilm-formingK. pneumoniaefrom ETA/BAL specimens. The assay accurately identifiedK. pneumoniaeharboring samples with a limit of detection of 1 ng/µl total RNA. Representative culture-negative-PCR-positive samples were subjected to metagenomics which identifiedK. pneumoniaereads in these samples confirming the specificity of RT-PCR.mrkD andpgaC act asK. pneumoniaespecific identification whereaswcaJ acts as a negative marker for biofilm-formingK. pneumoniae. In addition, RT-PCR results correlated well with the phenotypic biofilm-forming assay. This RT-PCR assay is the first of its kind for rapid identification of biofilm-formingK. pneumoniae. The result of this study highlights that the rapid detection ofK. pneumoniaebiofilms based on the RT-PCR results coupled with clinical conditions would be appropriate to treat emerging infections or to prevent re-infections in clinical settings.
Magnetic resonance microscopy for submillimeter samples in a horizontal MR scanner
Authors: Hüfken Thomas , Lobmeyer Tobias , Gahr Bernd , Bschorr Fabian , Speidel Tobias , Just Steffen , Rasche Volker
Published: October 2024

The spatial resolution in magnetic resonance imaging is mainly limited by low SNR, which is commonly addressed by long measurement times or dedicated hardware. In single digit micron resolutions, diffusion becomes a further limiting factor since depending on the gradient strength, the diffusion length of particles may approach the target resolutions. Spatial resolution improvement has been addressed by microscopy inserts comprising dedicated gradient systems and RF-coils, usually designed for NMR spectrometers that are often equipped with a deuterium lock for field drift compensations. The presented microscopy insert has been designed to provide single-digit micron resolutions on horizontal preclinical imaging systems utilizing their full imaging and user interface capabilities. The incorporated gradient provides an efficiency of 0.135 T/(m∙A) which in combination with the system’s gradient amplifiers yields a maximum of 27 T/m. With the additional low noise amplifier added to the RF-path a three-fold SNR improvement could be achieved for small samples. Furthermore, a modified constant time imaging sequence was introduced to improve the capability of the setup for ultra‐high-resolution imaging demonstrated on zebrafish embryos at different development stages with (9 μm)³ resolution.
Multicellular ovarian cancer spheroids: novel 3D model to mimic tumour complexity
Authors: Flörkemeier Inken , Antons Lisa K. , Weimer Jörg P. , Hedemann Nina , Rogmans Christoph , Krüger Sandra , Scherließ Regina , Dempfle Astrid , Arnold Norbert , Maass Nicolai , Bauerschlag Dirk O.
Published: October 2024

In vitro, spheroid models have become well established in cancer research because they can better mimic certain characteristics of in vivo tumours. However, interaction with the tumour microenvironment, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, plays a key role in tumour progression. We initially focused on the interaction of tumour cells with fibroblasts. To model this interaction, we developed a spheroid model of ovarian cancer and fibroblasts. To this end, ovarian cancer cell lines and ex vivo primary cells were simultaneously and sequentially seeded with fibroblasts in a scaffold-free system at different ratios and subsequently characterized with respect to changes in morphology, proliferation, and viability. We demonstrated that co-cultures are able to form by far more compact spheroids, especially in cells that form aggregates in mono-culture. In addition, the co-cultures were able to increase proliferation and sensitivity to cisplatin. Simultaneous seeding led fibroblasts invade the core in both cell lines and primary cells. These results show differences in formation, firmness, and size between co-culture and mono-culture. Our model is designed to better represent and characterize the mutual influencing factors of fibroblasts and tumour cells. Fibroblast-supplemented multicellular spheroids are a valuable tool for tumour microenvironment interaction and new drug discovery.
Integrating Kalman filter noise residue into U-Net for robust image denoising: the KU-Net model
Authors: Soniya S. , Sriharipriya K. C.
Published: October 2024

In low-level image processing, where the main goal is to reconstruct a clean image from a noise-corrupted version, image denoising continues to be a critical challenge. Although recent developments have led to the introduction of complex architectures to improve denoising performance, these models frequently have more parameters and higher computational demands. Here, we propose a new, simplified architecture called KU-Net, which is intended to achieve better denoising performance while requiring less complexity. KU-Net is an extension of the basic U-Net architecture that incorporates gradient information and noise residue from a Kalman filter. The network’s ability to learn is improved by this deliberate incorporation, which also helps it better preserve minute details in the denoised images. Without using Image augmentation, the proposed model is trained on a limited dataset to show its resilience in restricted training settings. Three essential inputs are processed by the architecture: gradient estimations, the predicted noisy image, and the original noisy grey image. These inputs work together to steer the U-Net’s encoding and decoding stages to generate high-quality denoised outputs. According to our experimental results, KU-Net performs better than traditional models, as demonstrated by its superiority on common metrics like the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). KU-Net notably attains a PSNR of 26.60 dB at a noise level of 50, highlighting its efficacy and potential for more widespread use in image denoising.
The European Green Deal and turbulence for non-member states
Authors: Leiren Merethe Dotterud , Farstad Fay
Published: October 2024

The European Green Deal (EGD) has had a significant impact on EU member states. In this article, we examine the extent to which it can also have large consequences for non-members. Based on a qualitative approach comparing Norway and the UK, and drawing on a burgeoning literature on ‘turbulence’, we ask whether the EGD creates turbulence in non-member states, what the nature of this turbulence is, and whether the extent and nature of turbulence varies with how closely affiliated a non-member is with the EU. Despite the ambitious climate policies of both countries, we identify a significant amount of turbulence generated by the EGD. Interestingly, we also find that turbulence increases with a closer EU-affiliation. However, our analysis also reveals an impressive capacity in both countries to adapt to their turbulent conditions, and a surprising durability of climate and energy policy in the face of turbulence.
Polyuniverse: generation of a large-scale polymer library using rule-based polymerization reactions for polymer informatics
Authors: Yue Tianle , He Jianxin , Li Ying
Published: October 2024

We collected extensive small molecule compounds from GDB-17, GDB-13, and PubChem and selected polymerization reaction pathways for eight types of polymers, to generate hundreds of quadrillions of hypothetical polymer structures.
Exploring the interactions of glyphosate in soil: the sorption scenario upon soil depletion and effect on waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) growth
Authors: Diagboya Paul N. , Olu-Owolabi Bamidele I. , Düring Rolf-Alexander
Published: October 2024

Glyphosate translocation in soil and plants, and its effect on waterleaf growth.
A single-column and efficient procedure for separating Fe and Mg from geological materials for isotopic analyses using MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Zhu Guanhong , Ge Zhenmin , Zhang Le , Wei Gangjian , Ma Jinlong
Published: October 2024

We developed a single-column and efficient procedure for separating Fe and Mg from geological materials for isotope measurements.
On the characterization and performance of highly dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles onto BEA zeolite in the continuous gas-phase photooxidation of ethylene
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo , Morales-Torres Sergio , Pastrana-Martinez Luisa M. , Maldonado-Hódar Francisco J. , Lourenço João Paulo , Silva João Miguel , João Isabel M. , Ribeiro Maria Filipa , Fernandes Auguste
Published: October 2024

A synergetic effect between photoactive TiO2 and a BEA zeolite support in the efficient photooxidation of ethylene in a gas-phase system.
Climate warming disturbances periodicity of Siberian stone pine seed production (Pinus sibirica Du Tour)
Authors: Velisevich Svetlana , Popov Alexander
Published: October 2024

Siberian stone pine is one of the main edificator plants of taiga forests of Western Siberia. Sustainable functioning of forest ecosystems depends on its successful cone crops, as its seeds are the basis for the diet of many forest animals. A cone crop in this species is characterized by pronounced interannual variability, manifested in the formation of high seed yields once in 3-4 years. However, in the last 20 years, high yields have been rare, replaced by years with average and low yields. To establish the reasons for these changes, the dynamics of seeding in the period from 1990 to 2023 and weather conditions in spring in the pollination year during the same period were analyzed. It was found that the number of mature cones in the crown largely depended on spring weather in the year of pollination and was negatively correlated with the sum of active temperatures above +5°C accumulated before the late spring frost. If frost occurred at SAT above 300°C, the following year’s crop was minimized. Analysis of weather conditions showed that, on average, there is a tendency to shift the dates of the last frosts to later dates, and even a short-term decrease in temperature to -1 °C leads to complete death of the future crop of cones. Despite the growth of heat availability in the spring period due to active temperature increase in April, the expected shift of frosts to earlier dates is not observed in the south of Western Siberia. For Siberian stone pine, such situation is fraught with strengthening of negative trend in seeding dynamics. It is supposed that at further climate warming the beginning of spring development of reproductive structures will occur at earlier dates, so reproductive structures will be more damaged by late spring frosts, since the latter remain within the same time frames.
Simulation model of crop yield on individual land plot
Authors: Beresneva Yana , Kulibaba Irina
Published: October 2024

The modern stage of development of society is characterized by active use of software solutions in almost all spheres of life. The last decade has seen an active digital transformation of the processes of human professional, economic and household activities. In order to effectively implement such processes, tools are being developed that, for example, support decision-making, monitoring and quality management. In addition, routine technological operations are being robotized and automated. The agricultural industry is no exception. When developing software solutions for such industry, it is necessary to take into account the interests and resources of citizens who are engaged in growing products on individual plots of land. The paper defines the relevance of the development of a simulation model corresponding to the dynamics of yields on an individual plot of land. The key aspects of the issue are identified, to which the method of system dynamics is applied. As a result, a simulation model reflecting the changes in the states of plants on the plot, the speed of their transition from one state to another, as well as the parameters influencing them is created.
Species diversity and abundance of aphids in triticale crops in North-West Russia
Authors: Shpanev Alexander , Smuk Vasily
Published: October 2024

The aphid complex of triticale crops in the Leningrad region was characterized by a large species diversity (20 species), but low abundance (1.6 specimens/trap), which, under the influence of weather conditions, varied 2.4–3.8 times depending on the crop. Winter triticale crops were inferior to spring triticale in terms of species diversity (9 vs. 18 species) and abundance of aphids (1.2 vs. 1.9 specimens/trap). The numerical majority were species whose food specialization is related to cereal vegetation (53.8%-71.4% of individuals). The mass species were Rhopalosiphum padi L. and Sitobion avenae F., which accounted for 25.7% and 23.0% of the total number of individuals. The presence of other aphid species in grain crops is due to the presence of weeds (25.7%-26.9% of individuals), the growth of other crops nearby (2.9%-10.3%), woody and shrubby vegetation (0%9.0%). The greatest species diversity and abundance of aphids in crops of both winter and spring triticale was noted in the second decade of June, when the stage development of the former corresponded to the earing phase, and the latter to the tube exit phase.
Phytocenoses of dolomite quarries in the neighbourhood of the Ruba town, Belarus
Authors: Evdokimov Alexander , Derzhinsky Yevgeniy , Latyshev Sergey , Latysheva Vladislava
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the structure of phytocenoses covering the slopes of dolomite quarries located in the vicinity of Ruba, Vitebsky District, Belarus. Operated for a rather long period and abandoned at different times, the quarries in question have become home to plant communities in various stages of recovery. Descriptions of these communities have been fed into datasets outlining the key patterns of primary and then secondary succession. These findings are of practical as much as of theoretical value.
Application of machine learning methods to predict soil moisture based on meteorological and atmospheric data
Authors: Tynchenko Vadim , Kukartseva Oksana , Degtyareva Ksenia , Khrapunova Yesenia , Anisimov Pavel
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate models for predicting soil moisture based on data from meteorological conditions and particle concentrations in the air. Two machine learning methods were used in the work: random forest and linear regression. The results of the study showed that the random forest model achieved 94% accuracy, while the linear regression model showed 92% accuracy. Air temperature, air humidity and the concentration of particles in the air turned out to be important factors affecting soil moisture. Both models offered good predictive capabilities, with an emphasis on the ability of a random forest to adapt to complex nonlinear dependencies, and linear regression to interpret the results. The developed models can be useful for optimizing agricultural processes, managing land resources and environmental monitoring.
Soil-like substrate fertility restoration method in bioregenerative life support systems
Authors: Velichko Vladimir , Tikhomirov Alexander , Ushakova Sofija , Anishchenko Olesya
Published: October 2024

The research focused on chard plants grown in a vegetation chamber under irradiation of 600 μmol/(m2s-1) FAR and elevated CO2 concentration in the range of 1500-2000 ppm. The objective is to determine the feasibility of incorporating gaseous nitrogen-containing products of physicochemical mineralization of human exometabolites into the cycling process in relation to the conditions of bioregenerative systems of human life support. To replenish the Impoverished soil-like substrate with available forms of nitrogen, we introduced NH4NO3 into the irrigation solution. This can be obtained from NH3, which is a part of gaseous intrasystem mass exchange products. The incorporation of NH3 into the intrasystem cycle comprised three main steps. 1) Some of the NH3 was oxidized to nitrogen oxides, which dissolved in water and formed acid solutions; 2) Another part of the NH3 was barbotaged through a nitric acid solution to obtain NH4NO3; 3) The obtained ammonium salts were used as fertilizer and added to the irrigation solution for the cultivation of chard plants, which represent the phototrophic link in the bioregenerative life support system. The results clearly demonstrated that replenishing the available nitrogen forms in the Impoverished soil-like substrate to match the original substrate levels resulted in plant mass comparable to that of plants grown on freshly prepared substrate. The research results prove the potential of the developed technologies for involving dead-end gaseous nitrogen-containing waste from human activity in the intrasystem mass exchange of the life-support system.
Soil quality analysis using statistical methods
Authors: Glinscaya Anna , Kukartsev Vladislav , Stepantsevich Marina , Pchelintseva Svetlana , Nikanorov Mikhail
Published: October 2024

This paper presents an analysis of soil quality using statistical methods. The study includes correlation analysis to identify key relationships between various soil and environmental parameters, and regression analysis to quantify the influence of these factors. The findings demonstrate how various factors such as geographical and climatic conditions affect soil quality parameters. The findings of the study highlight the effectiveness of integrating statistical methods for more accurate and reliable analysis of soil quality related data. These results can be useful for developing land management strategies and improving agricultural practices.
A comprehensive review of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Abdullayeva Maya , Ehedov Elisa
Published: October 2024

This study is a review of microplastic pollution removal methods, which are the most current pollution problems in today’s world, and which have been tried to be clarified with the studies done in the recent years on their behavior, source, and removal. Used in microplastic removal; dynamic membranes have low filtration resistance low transmembrane pressure, easy to use and purification without the use of chemicals, combined use of membrane bioreactors and advanced purification methods with porous membranes, combined treatment of wastewater treatment plants by sorption-biological processes, low maintenance costs, simple use, classical coagulation and sedimentation methods, microparticles removal with a simple mechanism, and working conditions can be controlled, the flexibility of the electrocoagulation method in terms of removal of the smallest particles, minimum sludge production, energy efficiency, cost effectiveness and automation, biodegradation has advantages such as simplicity and safety in large-scale use, low operating costs, practical applicability in different environments, and flexibility to manage a wide variety of wastewater properties and flows. Key words. microplastic, treatment, coagulation, flotation, DAF system, biological treatment, flocculation.
Simulation of CMOS technology microcircuit elements with eco-friendly practices in agro-industrial production
Authors: Zolnikov Konstantin , Grosheva Ekaterina , Donuykov Igor , Rymarov Andrey
Published: October 2024

The paper explores contemporary design technologies for CMOS LSIs and examines challenges encountered during the modelling of LSIs at various hierarchical levels within the design process. The analysis underscores the pressing need for developing software tools for fault modelling while minimizing computational expenses. In addition to addressing the technical aspects, this study sheds light on the influence of ecology and agro-industrial practices on the microcircuit modelling process. Emphasis is placed on resource efficiency and mitigating adverse environmental impacts, particularly in the context of agro-industrial production. The paper discusses the requirements for creating and utilizing SF block libraries, aiming at establishing databases facilitating swift identification, environmental monitoring, and evaluation of the ecological footprint resulting from agro-industrial activities. Moreover, the paper presents principles for constructing VLSI CAD centres that navigate the delicate balance between advanced technologies and environmental sustainability. These principles provide a foundation for developing a unified hardware and software complex tailored for designing radio- electronic equipment while taking into consideration the specific needs and challenges of the agricultural sector.
Boundaries of sanitary protection zones for “Elizavetinsky” and “Novo-zapadny” water intakes
Authors: Mamas N. N. , Radchenko S. S.
Published: October 2024

The Elizavetinsky water intake is the primary source of water for the city of Krasnodar, responsible for its extraction and purification. The system consists of several wells located in the microdistrict of Elizavetinskaya Sloboda. The water from the wells is purified in a system that filters it, removes harmful impurities, and disinfects it. We will develop and implement a set of measures to reconstruct this water intake. The reconstruction will include the construction of new facilities and the repair of existing ones to provide for future development in the area of the Western Bypass. This article presents a definitive approach to determining sanitary protection zones using the “circle” formula. This is the simplest method of calculation. The second method is the analytical method of sanitary protection zone calculation. This is the most accurate method because it takes into account the water flow. It is essential to comply with environmental protection measures to ensure the environmentally friendly operation of the water intake during the extraction of water from artesian wells. These measures are regulated by the norms of sanitary regulations and standards. It was therefore decided that regular inspections and testing of wells for leaks or other problems were necessary. If unsafe wells are found, they must be abandoned or rehabilitated immediately, in accordance with environmental safety requirements. To prevent new groundwater problems from occurring, new wells must be closely monitored and all groundwater safety and protection regulations and requirements must be strictly enforced. Facility planning and design will prevent potential threats to aquifers. Zones 2 and 3 were defined by clearly delineating the sanitary protection zone boundaries using both volumetric and analytical methods. We developed a remediation plan that includes protective measures to eliminate and prevent the possibility of groundwater contamination.
Design of functional clothing for patients through modeling the joints biomechanics
Authors: Akhmedova Z.M. , Shin I.G. , Tyurin I.N. , Tashpulatov S.Sh.
Published: October 2024

The article contains materials on analyzing the functioning of biokinematic pairs and chains in the human body from the position of the classical theory of mechanisms and machines to determine analogs of connections in the design of functional hospital clothing for people with temporarily limited motor ability. It is shown that the basis of a systematic approach to the design of hospital clothing is a quantitative characteristic of movement limitation through the degree of mobility of the biokinematic chain, which is associated with the introduced concept of the transformation coefficient of adaptive clothing and characterizes the degree of its adaptability (ergonomics).
Financial aspects of assistance to voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad to rural areas
Authors: Guz Natalya
Published: October 2024

The indicators of the migration movement of population in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the period 2019-2022 indicate the persistence of a difficult demographic situation. One of the mechanisms for solving demographic problems, compensating for natural population decline and building up Russia’s labor potential by attracting able-bodied population, young people and qualified specialists is the State program to assist voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad to the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to analyze regional programs of resettlement of compatriots (in particular, the experience of the Voronezh region). It assesses the provided state guarantees and social support measures. Against the background of other subjects of the federation - the Voronezh region offers an “extended package” of financial support measures for the participants of the state program and their family members. In the author’s opinion, the existing mechanism of voluntary resettlement of compatriots from abroad needs to be “finalized”. It is necessary to work out the issue of improving the quality of selection of potential resettlers in terms of their compliance with the condition of mandatory knowledge of the Russian language. The possibility of granting Russian citizenship to citizens who returned to Russia due to the revocation of residence permits in the state of permanent residence should be considered as a priority.
Analysis of the environmental safety of the biosystem in the integrated reporting of agricultural corporations
Authors: Shokhnekh Anna , Skiter Natalya , Boriskina Tatyana , Ketko Natalia , Simonov Alekskey
Published: October 2024

The article discusses approaches to organizing the process of integrating public reports of a corporation to form an information resource for sustainable development. The article identifies and reveals the main methodological procedures in the integrated report preparation system; identifies and characterizes the cycles of the integrated corporate reporting algorithm; determines the role of corporate profits in the formation of long-term value of sustainable development.
The effectiveness of bacterial contamination of beetles during their transfer to wheat bran
Authors: Zhurlov Oleg , Zhurlova Maria
Published: October 2024

The study of the mechanisms of transfer of bacteria during contamination of insect surfaces during food invasion is of current interest. Additionally, the increasing antibiotic resistance of clinical bacterial strains over the past decade has highlighted the importance of understanding the mechanisms of bacterial circulation among insects, especially antibiotic-resistant strains. Our modeling study demonstrates that the transfer of the Escherichia coli Rif (+) marker strain on the surface and inside the intestine of adult beetles Tenebrio molitor contributes to bacterial contamination of wheat bran. The isolation of E. coli Rif (+) in high titers from the beetle’s surface and feces continued for three days. The ability of beetles to carry allochthonous bacteria on their surface and inside their intestines can contribute to contamination of grains, flour, and wheat bran with antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. In the future, the use of the Escherichia coli Rif (+) strain may help to better understand the mechanisms of how insects transfer antibiotic-resistant bacteria from one place to another during their invasion of food sources.
Perfusion filtration technology for the cultivation of VNK-21/13-13 cells for the manufacture of rabies vaccine
Authors: Sokol Olga , Matveeva Irina , Sokol Ivan , Gryn Svetlana , Nikitin Nikolay , Zaberezhny Alexey
Published: October 2024

The possibility of practical use of perfusion cell culture technology VNK-21/13-13 was evaluated in the manufacture of rabies vaccine using bioreactors with a working volume of 5 liters and 100 liters. The purpose of this study is to develop a highly effective technology for perfusion continuous suspension cultivation of the transplanted BHK– 21/13-13 cell line, suitable for use as a cellular substrate in the manufacture of rabies vaccine. Using Cytiva filter elements made of PES membrane material with a retention rating of 0.65 microns, a cell density above 7× 106 cells/ml was achieved for the subsequent production of a viral suspension. The glycoprotein content measured by the ELISA method reached a maximum on the 4th day after infection, was 5 IU/ml. The maximum cell accumulation and glycoprotein content in the 5 L bioreactor was more than 2-3 times higher than for the serial production of rabies vaccine. When reproducing the rabies virus in a 100 l bioreactor after perfusion cultivation, the cell concentration was 16-20 million/ml with a viability of 95.4%. The highest content of the virus glycoprotein was also achieved in a bioreactor with a working volume of 100 liters 4 days after infection and amounted to 8 IU/ ml. Sequencing of the glycoprotein gene revealed the genetic stability of the main immunogenicity protein, which is an important indicator for controlling the stability of the virus during many passages in vaccine production using a perfusion system.
The main directions of improving the activities of agricultural educational organizations
Authors: Zakirova Alsou , Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirova Sabina , Ermakov Dmitry , Nekrasova Elena , Sakhapov Bulat
Published: October 2024

In modern socio-economic conditions there is a need to improve the quality of higher agricultural education and improve the activities of educational organizations. There is a need to improve the qualification of teaching staff, to introduce innovative technologies in the educational process, to apply modern organizational and communicative forms of education of students in order to achieve pedagogical goals, to provide the educational process with a sufficient number of premises adapted for educational activities, including inclusive education. In the course of the study the activity of the organization providing services in the field of higher agricultural education was evaluated. To assess the quality of education the accreditation monitoring indicators characterizing personnel, material and technical, socio-cultural support of the educational process were used. The article found that the quality of education of the studied organization meets the requirements set by the standards. At the same time, certain shortcomings in research activities were identified and recommendations for their elimination were developed.
“Green” public procurement mechanism formation: International and domestic experience
Authors: Kovalenko Y.N. , Kovalenko S.N. , Sivkova A.E. , Golubeva G.F.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the scope of green public procurement based on foreign and domestic experience. Authors note that the main feature of such procurement is the existence of a larger number of criteria amongst which is the environmental criteria which is used in the goods and services suppliers’ assessment process. The purpose of the study is to develop domestic and foreign experience in relation to “green” public procurement. The study predetermines the regulatory framework analysis, as well as different researchers’ opinions on the problems of “green” public procurement from the perspective of Russian and foreign practice. Techniques of analysis, induction, deduction, and abstraction in public sector organizations served as the methodological basis of the study. This study pays considerable attention to the basics of the “green” public procurement system, which are structured and meaningful, but at the same time has flexible points of interaction when organizing procurement activities. Also, more attention was paid to the environmental criteria for products and services procurement. The authors consider the experience of foreign countries, namely the USA and Germany, and also determine the level of development of national “green” public procurement in 2023. The authors emphasize that in the past year, the Government of the Russian Federation adopted a regulatory document that makes it possible to implement the basic principles of resource management when organizing and conducting procurement at both the federal and municipal levels, as well as to effectively use secondary raw materials in certain types of new products. This research made a conclusion that international and domestic experience in implementing “green” public procurement helps to solve a number of problems common in each country.
Data model for an intelligent fish farm management system
Authors: Krasnikov Aleksandr , Smirnova Yuliya
Published: October 2024

The article defines the importance of artificial cultivation of hydrobionts. The article analyzes the state of fish farming in Russia. The main trend of the industry is the need for digital transformation of processes that provide management, control and monitoring of hydrobiont farming processes. This requires the development and implementation of “smart” digital solutions based on data. The analysis of the subject area has shown that there is a large amount of heterogeneous data related to, for example, the microclimate of water bodies, the state of hydrobionts, the works performed, the sanitary condition, and so on. All this requires the creation of a unified data model that meets the requirements of integrity, consistency, redundancy and normalization. This defines the purpose of the work to be performed. The application of methods that allow to obtain a description of the key aspects of the subject area, provided the opportunity to use the methodology of relational database design. With its help, key entities, their key and non-key attributes, as well as relationships between them are developed. The developed data model provides the principles of data storage and management, scalability of the model and its integration with other specialized software solutions.
La tétine pour réduire le risque de mort inattendue du nourrisson : pourquoi, quand, comment ?
Authors: Soyer Yves , Amat Philippe
Published: October 2024

L’expression « Mort inattendue du nourrisson » (MIN) a été retenue par le groupe de travail de la Haute autorité de santé (HAS) pour désigner tout « décès survenant brutalement chez un nourrisson de moins de deux ans alors que rien, dans ses antécédents connus, ne pouvait le laisser prévoir ». Malgré un contexte de baisse générale, les taux de décès par MIN demeurent encore élevés notamment en France, avec de grandes disparités interrégionales. L’ harmonisation de la prévention et de la prise en charge doit être recherchée et soutenue. L’ utilisation de la tétine est une des pistes possibles. Elle serait associée à une réduction du risque de MIN. Les auteurs proposent un arbre de prise de décision. Il synthétise les informations à donner aux parents sur quand commencer, comment gérer et quand arrêter le port d’une tétine pour réduire le risque de MIN.
La gingivite induite par la plaque chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Pourquoi il est fondamental de ne pas la sous-estimer et comment la prendre en charge
Authors: Joseph Clara , Lamberts Johanna , Dridi Sophie-Myriam
Published: October 2024

La gingivite induite par la plaque (GIP) est la maladie parodontale la plus fréquente chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Il s’agit d’une maladie inflammatoire résultant de la rupture de l’équilibre entre le biofilm et le parodonte de l’hôte. On parlera de dysbiose bactérienne due à l’accumulation et l’organisation des bactéries en biofilm parodontopathogène. Elle se caractérise cliniquement par une modification de couleur (rouge/rouge violacé), de consistance (molle) et de texture (lisse et vernissée) de la gencive. L’évaluation du saignement au sondage est le seul test diagnostic validé de la GIP. Il est révélateur de son étendue et de sa sévérité. Un examen clinique et une anamnèse ciblée permettront d’identifier les facteurs de risque généraux et locaux responsables de l’étendue et la sévérité de l’inflammation gingivale. La prise en charge commencera par une phase comportementale d’éducation à la santé orale (éducation à l’hygiène buccodentaire, conseils alimentaires, gestion des parafonctions), suivie d’une phase de traitement non chirurgical (débridement) parallèlement à l’élimination des facteurs de risques locaux (traitement des lésions carieuses…) et se terminera par la phase de maintenance avec un suivi régulier, essentiel pour contrôler et éviter toute récidive de la maladie.
Une fin de vie à l’hôpital psychiatrique
Authors: Le Bras Catherine
Published: October 2024

En psychiatrie, nous sommes régulièrement confrontés au refus des soins psychiques de nos patients, moins à celui des soins du corps. L’auteur relate le cas d’un sujet psychotique atteint d‘un cancer, hospitalisé dans une unité de géronto-psychiatrie. Le refus de la patiente de certains soins, dominé par celui d’être soulagée de sa douleur s’est affirmé jusqu’aux derniers instants de sa vie. Cet accompagnement de fin de vie a constitué une épreuve pour tous les professionnels impliqués, a provoqué clivage et dilemme éthique mis au travail au sein du collectif. Le questionnement a porté sur le respect de la demande du patient, sur l’idéal d’accompagnement de fin de vie et sur les limites de notre mission de soignants.