bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case of isolated dystextia due to subcortical infarction: A novel condition of digital device era
Authors: Hatakeyama Masahiro , Kanayama Takeshi , Tokunaga Saori , Kizaki Toshiya , Tsuboguchi Shintaro , Kanazawa Masato , Onodera Osamu
Published: March 2024

Background: In recent years, cases of dystextia (texting disabilities) and dystypia (typing disabilities) have been reported. However, reports describing isolated dystextia without aphasia or other cognitive impairments are rare, and the detailed pathophysiology is not fully understood. Most Japanese people use the alphabetical spelling system (Romaji) for texting and typing. Herein, we report the case of a man with isolated dystextia and dystypia resulting from Romaji conversion difficulties.
Case Presentation: A 48-year-old, right-handed Japanese man developed texting and typing difficulties. The standard neuropsychological tests showed no signs of aphasia or other cognitive impairments, except for slight executive dysfunction. Thus, isolated dystextia and dystypia were diagnosed. Furthermore, the patient experienced Romaji conversion difficulties. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a subcortical infarction in the left cerebral hemisphere. Single photon emission tomography revealed hypoperfusion, including in the left dorsolateral frontal cortex.
Conclusion: The left dorsolateral frontal cortex may be related to Romaji conversion in Japanese individuals. Therefore, diaschisis of the left dorsolateral frontal cortex due to subcortical lesions may have impaired Romaji conversion, leading to dystextia and dystypia, in this patient.
Dialogue Sentiment Analysis Based on Dialogue Structure Pre-training
Authors: Yang Liang , Yang Qi , Zeng Jingjie , Peng Tao , Yang Zhihao , Lin Hongfei
Published: March 2024

The task of dialogue sentiment analysis aims to identify the sentiment polarity of utterances in the context of a dialogue. Pre-trained models often struggle to capture the logical structure of a dialogue, making this task challenging. To address this issue, we propose a dialogue sentiment analysis framework that leverages pre-training on dialogue structure. Our proposed framework includes three sub-tasks for pre-training: utterance order sorting, sentence backbone regularization, and sentiment shift detection. These tasks are designed to improve the model's ability to mine dialogue logical relationships and sentiment interactions. By focusing on learning the logical structure of dialogues and the perception of sentiment interactions, our framework is able to improve the performance of pre-trained models on recognizing the sentiment polarity of dialogues. This is demonstrated by the convincing results obtained on the public MEISD dataset.
Ice Age apparel – changing prey patterns towards the Last Glacial Maximum and the role of reindeer fur for clothing at Kammern-Grubgraben
Authors: Pasda Kerstin , Mayr Christoph , Pfeifer Sebastian , Reiss Lilian , Einwögerer Thomas , Händel Marc , Buchinger Norbert , Schwab William , Maier Andreas
Published: March 2024

Isotope analyses on bone collagen from hunted animals at the Upper Palaeolithic sites Krems-Hundssteig, Krems-Wachtberg and Langenlois A (33 − 29 ka), and Kammern-Grubgraben (23 ka) indicate a strong reduction of ecological herbivore niches towards the Last Glacial Maximum. This change is accompanied by a clear shift in human prey pattern from a more diverse and balanced spectrum of hunted species in the earlier period to a clear focus on reindeer at Kammern-Grubgraben, particularly on young individuals. Moreover, new analyses of the osteological material show that the site with its massive stone constructions and high amount of lithic and faunal material was occupied exclusively in winter. In this paper, we present new results on the age and sex distribution of reindeer at Kammern-Grubgraben. We argue that winter-hunting of young reindeer, in addition to its role in providing energy-rich nutrition and raw material for organic tools, is also indicative of a focus on obtaining high-quality raw material for clothing. The fur of young reindeer in winter is particularly valuable and convenient for the production of clothing for cold environments. Together with the recovered large number of eyed needles, a tool for tight and regular seams, our findings suggest that the production of clothing and other goods made of fur and skin was an important activity at Kammern-Grubgraben.
Who is the culprit of persistent unimproved central nervous system infection? Brain abscess caused by Mycoplasma hominis:case report and review of literatures
Authors: Wang YuHui
Published: March 2024

Background
Mycoplasma hominis is slow growing organism lacking a cell wall,thus they have no positive results of Gram staining.Their bacterial colonies are small,thus they are easy to miss out on culture medium.So Mycoplasma hominis infection is difficult to identify.When the central nervous system infection caused by Mycoplasma hominis occurs,because it is difficult to identify and is resistant to empirical anti-infective drugs,treatments may be failed.Mycoplasma hominis has a tendency of purulent aggregation,so the central nervous system infection is easy to develop to brain abscess,which cause fatal complications.
Case Presentation:
The article describes a 69-year-old male who suffered from central nervous infection after head trauma,but the cerebrospinal fluid Gram staining and culture continued to be negative,the empirical anti-infection program did not achieve effects,the patient continued to have fever,and then developed with brain abscess.The patient was given brain abscess debridement,and the debridement secreta was sent to mNGS(Metallic next generation sequencing) examination.The pathogenic bacterium definitely confirmed Mycoplasma hominis.The anti-infection program was adjusted,and finally he recovered.mNGS can detect all microbial genome in the sample,allowing clinicians detect pathogens through a single test making accurately diagnose and selecting the correct anti-infection program.Mycoplasma hominis was sensitive to chloramphenicol,tetracycline,and fluoroquinolones,so these drugs were used for its infection.We explore the characteristics of central nervous infection which caused by mycoplasma hominis and review of the literatures.
Conclusions
Clinicians should pay attention to the early identification and mNGS examination of central nervous system infection caused by Mycoplasma hominis,and selecting the correct anti-infection program and treatments early to save lives.
Extensive and Progressive Cerebral Infarction Associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection. A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ni Shijia , Che Siyi , Cai Jinhua
Published: March 2024

BackgroundsMycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the most common respiratory pathogens causing respiratory infection in children, especially in those above 5 years old. Although rare, cerebral infarction is the most severe neurological complication of MP infection and could be fatal.Case presentationHere, we report a case of extensive and progressive acute cerebral infarction associated with MP infection, which not only received medical treatment but also underwent a decompressive craniectomy. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed occlusion of the left internal carotid artery, left anterior cerebral artery, and middle cerebral artery. In order to better understand the relationships between MP infection and cerebral infarction both on clinical and radiological perspectives, literature of cerebral infarction associated with MP infection were searched and reviewed.ConclusionsCerebral infarction is a rare complication of MP infection, which can result in neurological sequelae or even death. Clinicians should pay attention to neurological signs or symptoms after MP infection. CT or MR even CTA or MRA should be considered to make timely assessment and diagnosis, especially in severe and refractory cases.
Machine Learning-based Approach for Ex-post Assessment of Community Risk and Resilience Based on Coupled Human- infrastructure Systems Performance
Authors: Li Xiangpeng , Mostafavi Ali
Published: March 2024

While current approaches primarily focus on anticipatory or predictive resilience assessments of natural events, there is a limitation in the literature of data-driven analyses for the ex-post evaluation of community risk and resilience, particularly using features related to the performance of coupled human-infrastructure systems. To address this gap, in this study we created a machine learning-based method for the ex-post assessment of community risk and resilience and their interplay based on features related to the coupled human-infrastructure systems performance. Utilizing feature groups related to population protective actions, infrastructure/building performance features, and recovery features, we examined the risk and resilience performance of communities in the context of the 2017 Hurricane Harvey in Harris County, Texas. These features related to the coupled human-infrastructure systems performance were processed using the K-means clustering method to classify census block groups into four distinct clusters then, based on feature analysis, these clusters were labeled and designated into four quadrants of risk-resilience archetypes. Finally, we analyzed the disparities in risk-resilience status of spatial areas across different clusters as well as different income groups. The findings unveil the risk-resilience status of spatial areas shaped by their coupled human-infrastructure systems performance and their interactions. The results also inform about features that contribute to high resilience in high-risk areas. For example, the results indicate that in high-risk areas, evacuation rates contributed to a greater resilience, while in low-risk areas, preparedness contributed to greater resilience. In addition, the findings reveal disparities in the risk and resilience status of spatial areas where low-income residents reside. The outcomes of this study provide researchers and practitioners with new data-driven and machine intelligence-based methods and insights to better evaluate the risk and resilience status of communities during a disaster to inform future plans and policies.
Acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of the culturally adapted version of Unplugged (“Yo Se Lo Que Quiero”), a substance use preventive program among adolescents in Chile: a pilot randomized controlled study
Authors: Salgado Gabriel , Gaete Jorge , Gana Sofía , Valenzuela Daniela , Araya Ricardo
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana is a public health problem that impacts the cognitive, social, and emotional development of adolescents. Prevention strategies such as the "Unplugged" program are effective in delaying the progression of daily smoking and episodes of drunkenness among adolescents. "Yo Se Lo Que Quiero" (YSLQQ) corresponds to the adaptation of this program to the Chilean context. This study assesses the acceptability and feasibility of implementing this program to the local reality.
Material and methods. This was a cluster-randomized controlled pilot study conducted on six public schools. All consented students attending 6th, 7th, and 8th grades (n = 1,180) participated in the study. The schools were randomly assigned to one of two conditions in a 1:1 ratio: 1) the "YSLQQ" intervention group (n = 526), and 2) the Control group (n = 654). The program consisted of a 12-hour class-based curriculum based on a comprehensive social-inﬂuence approach delivered by a trained facilitator. The acceptability and feasibility were assessed in the intervention group at the end of the intervention using questionnaires answered by students and facilitators. The quality and fidelity of the program were evaluated during the implementation using self-ported surveys answered by the facilitators and the assessment of video-recorded sessions rated by external observers. Finally, a pre-test and a post-test survey assessing past and current substance use and risk and protective factors were conducted before and immediately after the program's implementation.
Results. A high proportion of students (49.6%) liked the sessions. 79.2% reported that the YSLQQ helped them learn about the dangers of drugs, while 65.8% reported having more skills to avoid drug use in the future. Regarding students' satisfaction with YSLQQ, 62.9% reported being happy or very happy with the program. Facilitators reported implementing the intervention according to the manual in 73.9% of sessions. Regarding drug use, students who participated in the intervention groups reported a significant reduction in drunkenness in the last year and last 30-day prevalence and also a significant reduction in a lifetime and 30-day prevalence of cannabis use when compared with those students in the control group.
Conclusions. Our results suggest that YSLQQ has adequate acceptability and feasibility to be implemented in the Chilean context, and there were promising results in reducing drunkenness and cannabis use. Future research should confirm these results in a larger RCT study.
Trial registration: NCT04566627
Prevalence and Determinants of Contraceptive Use Among Men in Tanzania: Analysis of Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2022
Authors: Luoga Pankras , Adam Jovinary , Abihudi Siri A.
Published: March 2024

Background
Globally, contraceptive use is an important strategy in fighting maternal and neonatal deaths. The spacing and avoiding unplanned pregnancies while providing woman with enough time recovering her health and newborns growing. However, the contraception use in developing countries including Tanzania is low and is worse among men, culturally regarded as the dominant decision makers in sexual relationships.
Objective
To assess prevalence and determinants of the contraceptive use among Tanzanian men using the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) 2022.
Methods
The secondary study analyzed the data collected using cross-sectional study design of weighted 5763 men obtained from the TDHS 2022. A dependent variable was contraceptive use and independent variables were man’s demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Bivariate and multivariable analysis were conducted and p-value < 0.05 determined a significant factor.
Results
The prevalence of contraceptive use among Tanzanian men is 26%. The logistic regression showed men aged 45–49 years (aOR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.90–5.01) had higher odds to use contraceptive compared to men aged 15–19. Men with higher education (aOR = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.79–4.84) had higher odds to use contraceptive compared to those with informal education, from rich quantile (aOR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.92–1.46) had higher odds compared to poor. Men with five and above children (aOR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.08–2.43) had higher odds to use contraceptive compared to those with no child. Those desired no more child had odds of 1.4 times higher to use contraceptive (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.05–1.88), men who heard family planning on radio (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.16–1.66) had higher odds of using contraceptive to those who did not.
Conclusion
The contraceptive use among Tanzanian men is generally low 26% and was associated with man’s age, education level, wealth index, number of children, and occupation. More tailored programs targeting men to increase their education level particularly health education are crucial in increasing men’s contraceptive use in Tanzania.
Influence of nursing time and staffing on medical errors: A cross-sectional analysis of administrative data
Authors: Moriwaki Mutsuko , Tanaka Michiko , Kakehashi Masayuki , Koizumi Masato , Horiguchi Hiromasa , Hayashida Kenshi
Published: March 2024

Background
Medical errors cause adverse events; however, no studies have examined medical errors related to nursing hours considering unit characteristics in Japan. We investigated medical errors mainly caused by nurses to quantitatively assess ward activity as busyness in nursing duties.
Methods
This study considered patients hospitalized in general wards of 10 National Hospital Organization institutions between April 2019 and March 2020. Study data were obtained from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination system, incident reports system, and the format to report nursing staffing and time. Data for 27,629 unit-days with 88,475 patients were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine effect of factors on medical errors.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 71.43 years (SD = 15.08). The medical error rate in the units was 13.71%. The mean nursing time per patient during day shift was 1.95 hours (SD = 0.58) in the non-medical error group and 2.06 hours (SD = 0.58) in the medical error group (p < 0.01). Nursing time per patient in the medical error group compared to that in the non-medical error group had an odds ratio of 1.31 (p < 0.01) during day shift.
Conclusions
Contrary to the evidence, the results showed that medical errors caused by nurses were related to increased nurse time with patients in day shifts. Further investigation is needed on the relationship of busyness with nursing duties to ensure the adequate nurse-patient ratio and nursing time to improve patient safety.
Adolescents’ school experiences: Understanding the needs of young people post COVID-19
Authors: Patrick Pamela Marie , Pamflett Sarah
Published: March 2024

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Victorian students completed two years of virtual schooling, which has been reported to contribute to many academic, social, and mental health impacts. Thus, it is important to capture the voices of students as they adjust to schooling in a post-pandemic era.
Method
The current study utilised focus groups to explore the experiences and needs of eight Victorian secondary school students. Participants’ lived realities formed four main themes, namely: (i) social interactions, (ii) academic pressure and classroom dynamics, (iii) mixed views about school wellbeing efforts and (iv) re-learning school routines and expectations.
Results
A diverse range of experiences were captured across these four themes that are further categorised into sub-themes. It was found that some participants struggled to adapt to socialising in person again, whilst others indicated that their social networks broadened after forming unlikely friendships online. Participants reported that school wellbeing approaches felt ingenuine and tokenistic. Participants also discussed their challenges with having to stick to routines and timetables and missed the flexibility of home-based learning during lockdowns.
Conclusions
The implications of these findings are discussed, and student-identified strategies are outlined to facilitate student engagement and wellbeing in a post-pandemic era.
Multiple sclerosis and self-alienation: A study based on self and others representations
Authors: Ziaie Leila , Mazaheri Mohammad Ali , Zabihzadeh Abbas , Etemadifar Masoud , Shokri Omid , Contrada Richard J.
Published: March 2024

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. MS causes many changes in the lives of its patients, forcing them to renegotiate their lives. Part of these changes are related to patients' self- and others- mental representations. Despite the importance of mental representations in changes caused by or adaptation to MS, limited research has been conducted to examine the mental representations of patients with MS.
Methods
This study examines the mental representations that Healthy Controls (HC) and Patients with MS (PWMS) have of themselves and others, including childhood and current self-images, as well as those of their mothers, love partners, and close friends. In both groups (HC (n = 82) and PWMS (n = 82)), participants completed demographic variables as well as a modified version of the comfortable interpersonal distance (CID) task in both passive (when protagonists approached them) and active modes (when participants approach protagonists). Participants estimated the point at which they felt discomforted.
Results
The PWMS group preferred a significantly larger interpersonal distance than the HC group for both current self-image and love partner. There is no difference between the two groups in preferring interpersonal distance from their childhood self-image, mother, and friends.
Conclusions
Based on the research results, it seems that PWMS experience a kind of alienation at the level of self-mental representations. This research can be helpful in modifying MS interventions and increasing the engagement of support systems.
Investigating the impact of gut microbiota on venous thromboembolism through a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Jia , Fei Bojian , Wang Chao
Published: March 2024

Background
Recent studies have suggested an association between gut microbiota (GM) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, observational studies cannot indicate causality and population-level studies with a higher evidence level for causality are lacking. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the causal association of GM and VTE.
Methods
This study utilized the summary-level data of respective genome-wide association study for 196 gut microbial taxa and VTE. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was deployed and comprehensively sensitive analyses were followed to validate the robustness of results. We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, the weighted median method, weighted mode method, simple mode method, MR-Egger regression, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochrane’s Q-test, outlier test, and leave-one-out analysis as the primary analysis.
Results
We identified suggestive associations between 17 bacterial traits and the risk of VTE. Porphyromonadaceae (IVW odds ratio (OR): 1.3729, p = 0.0035) and Cyanobacteria (IVW OR: 1.2151, p = 0.0048) were associated with increased risk of VTE. Three gut microbiota taxa (Eubacteriumrectalegroup (IVW OR: 1.0038, p = 0.0278), Coprococcus2 (IVW OR: 1.0041, p = 0.0063), and LachnospiraceaeUCG001 (IVW OR: 1.0041, p = 0.0009) were predicted to play a causal role in enhancing the risk of encompassing deep vein thrombosis. And three gut microbiota taxa (Christensenellaceae (IVW OR: 1.0023, p = 0.0497), Streptococcaceae (IVW OR: 1.0031, p = 0.0279), Victivallaceae (IVW OR: 1.0014, p = 0.0493) were positively associated with pulmonary embolism.
Conclusions
This study suggested the role of the specific GM on the risk for VTE, which may provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of VTE in the future.
Hypoglycemia and leg weakness in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): a case report
Authors: Tsai Meng-Chen , Bai Geng-Hao , Hsieh Li-Chun , Chuang Han-Chuan
Published: March 2024

Background:
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), stemming from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, persists as a global concern, despite decreased prevalence due to enhanced therapy and preventive measures. Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), a non-Hodgkin lymphoma, necessitates prompt brain imaging. However, nonspecific symptoms can lead to delayed diagnosis. Herein, we present a case of HIV-associated primary CNS lymphoma (HIV-PCNSL) characterized by atypical clinical presentation and laboratory findings.
Case presentation:
We report a case of a 36-year-old male with no medical history presenting with symptoms including fatigue, left leg weakness, hypoglycemia, and loss of consciousness. Diagnostic evaluations revealed multifocal low-density brain changes and the presence of nontyphoidal Salmonella in blood cultures. Subsequent investigations confirmed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Clinical manifestations and laboratory results suggested panhypopituitarism. A stereotactic brain biopsy confirmed primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). The patient underwent a comprehensive treatment regimen involving Rituximab and high-dose methotrexate for lymphoma, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV, and hormone replacement therapy for secondary adrenal insufficiency. This integrated approach resulted in tumor size reduction and overall clinical improvement.
Conclusions:
AIDS may manifest with diverse symptoms, particularly when neurological deficits are evident, prompting consideration of opportunistic brain infections or malignancies. Our case presentation elucidates the clinical rationale and diagnostic trajectory for detecting AIDS in a young man with hypoglycemia and left leg weakness. This underscores not only the atypical manifestations and differential diagnosis of brain lesions in AIDS patients but also advocates for a comprehensive approach.
Place-based household vouchers for locally supplied fruit and vegetables: The Fresh Street Pilot Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Relton Clare , Blake Megan , Bridge Gemma , Umney Darren , Taylor Stephanie , Adams Jean , Mihaylova Borislava , Griffiths Chris , Hooper Richard , Phillips Rachel , Palmer Louis , Gamston Annette , Williamson Kevin
Published: March 2024

Background: Households in areas of socio-economic deprivation are more likely to consume diets low in fruit and vegetables. Fresh Street is a place-based fruit and vegetable voucher scheme with vouchers redeemable with local independent (non-supermarket) suppliers. Paper vouchers are offered to all households in a geographical area regardless of household type, size, or income with no requirement to demonstrate need. The regular shareable vouchers are combined with recipes and dietary information to increase exposure to healthy food prompts, reduce food insecurity, increase consumption of FV, improve dietary quality, and support healthy dietary habits.
This study aimed to inform a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to assess the impact of Fresh Street on a range of public health outcomes.
Methods: The pilot cluster RCT took place in three inner city areas of high socioeconomic deprivation in England (Tower Hamlets, Bradford, and Doncaster). New systems for managing vouchers and doorstep delivering weekly envelopes to households were developed. Weekly envelopes containing vouchers (5 x £1), a healthy seasonal recipe and brief nutritional information were offered to all households in nine intervention streets. Nine control streets received no intervention. Household surveys collected information on fruit and vegetable consumption, diet quality, and household characteristics.
Results: The household survey response rate was below the 50% target for progression to the main trial. Most local fruit and vegetable vendors accepted vouchers. Three quarters or more of households regularly accepted the envelopes. The scheme was well received by households, local vendors and local public health teams. Household uptake of the scheme was highest in Tower Hamlets (75%) and Bradford (83%). The mean weekly voucher redemption was highest in Tower Hamlets (£3.26) and Bradford (£2.82), where the scheme ran longest, and where vendors were nearby.
Conclusions: This was the first pilot RCT of a place-based, household voucher approach. The newly developed system for securely printing and redeeming the vouchers worked well and is potentially scalable.
Future trials should address low household survey response rates and explore more efficient ways to deliver the intervention e.g. through collaborative working with local resources such as community centres.
Comprehensive genomic analysis reveals molecular heterogeneity in pediatric ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Authors: Leventaki Vasiliki , Shaw Timothy , Pounds Stanley , Cao Xueyuan , Ma Jing , Palacios Gustavo , Mason John , Perkins Sherrie , Wu Gang , Fan Yiping , Wang Jian , Zhou Xin , Obermayer Alyssa , Kinney Marsha , Kraveka Jacqueline , Gross Thomas , Sandlund John , Zhang Jinghui , Mullighan Charles , Lim Megan
Published: March 2024

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a mature T-cell lymphoma that accounts for for 10–15% of childhood lymphomas. Despite the observation that more than 90% of pediatric cases harbor the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement resulting in aberrant ALK kinase expression, there is significant clinical, morphologic, and biological heterogeneity. To gain insights into the genomic aberrations and molecular heterogeneity within ALK-positive ALCL(ALK+ ALCL), we analyzed 46 pediatric ALK+ ALCLs by whole-exome sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and DNA methylation profiling. Whole-exome sequencing found on average 25 SNV/Indel events per sample with recurring genetic events in regulators of DNA damage (TP53, MDM4), transcription (JUNB), and epigenetic regulators (TET1, KMT2B, KMT2A, KMT2C, KMT2E). Gene expression and methylation profiling consistently subclassified ALK+ ALCLs into two groups characterized by diferential ALK expression levels. The ALK-low group showed enrichment of pathways associated with immune response, cytokine signaling, and a hypermethylated predominant pattern compared to the ALK- high group, which had more frequent copy number changes, and was enriched with pathways associated with cell growth, proliferation, metabolic pathways, and. Taken together, these findings suggest that there is molecular heterogeneity within pediatric ALK+ALCL, predicting distinct biological mechanisms that may provide novel insights into disease pathogenesis and represent prognostic markers
Biomechanical analysis of the effect of aligner overtreatment on molar distalization with clear aligners: a finite-element study
Authors: Li Jialun , yang yi , Tang Ziwei , Fan qi , Ghaleb Omar M. , He Xian , Lai Wenli , Long hu
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze the biomechanical effects of aligner overtreatment on molar distalization with clear aligners.
Methods: Various models comprising maxillary dentition, maxilla, periodontal ligaments, attachments, and aligners were meticulously crafted and integrated into finite-element software. Six distinct study models were devised for analysis. The first three models examined second molar distalization with clear aligner, with different configurations of attachments, i.e., no attachment, horizontal attachment or vertical attachment on the second molar. For the fourth and fifth models, class II elastic traction, either implemented via precision cut or button on canines, was applied. Lastly, aligner overtreatment with varying degrees of root distal tipping (0°, 2°, 4°, 6°, 8°, 10°, 12°) for the second molar was designed in the last study model.
Results: Distalization of the second molar produced buccal tipping, distal tipping and intrusion of the second molar, and labial proclination and intrusion of the central incisor. These displacement tendencies were enhanced by adding attachments on the second molar, especially the vertical attachment. Class II elastic tractions enhanced molar distalization and diminish anchorage loss of the anterior anchorage teeth, with the precision-cut configuration being biomechanically superior to the button design. Aligner overtreatment produced bodily molar distalization and mitigated adverse biomechanical effects on anterior anchorage teeth.
Conclusion: We suggest that class II elastic traction via the precision-cut configuration and the design of vertical attachment on the second molar be applied for molar distalization with clear aligner. Appropriate aligner overtreatment helps achieve bodily molar distalization and minimize adverse biomechanical effects on anterior anchorage teeth.
Clinical Relevance: These findings provide valuable insights for orthodontists in optimizing molar distalization outcomes with clear aligners. Integration of overtreatment can enhance treatment efficacy and predictability, ultimately improving patient care and satisfaction.
The Effect of Subjective Socioeconomic Status on Future Orientation: The Protective Role of Non-Fatalistic Beliefs
Authors: Shu Lingling , Gong Tianzi , Wang Yuting , Li Qinggong , Xie Zhiwen
Published: March 2024

Background
Subjective socioeconomic status (SES), an individual’s beliefs about his or her social class, is anticipated to be related to future orientation. Based on the theory of endogenous power for poverty elimination, we proposed a moderation model to examine the relationship between subjective SES on future orientation and the moderating effect of fatalism.
Methods
We conducted two studies to test the proposed model. Specifically, in Study 1, 217 Chinese participants were recruited to complete a booklet of questionnaires to measure their subjective SES, future orientation, and fatalism. In Study 2, the data were collected from 244 Chinese participants. Their subjective SES and fatalism were measured by questionnaires, and future orientation was measured by an Imaginative Scenario Test.
Results
The results revealed two primary findings: (1) Fatalism moderated the relationship between subjective SES and future orientation. Specifically, the low levels of fatalism (i.e., non-fatalistic beliefs) protected against the negative effects of low SES on future orientation. (2) The moderating effect was primarily attributed to the luck dimension of fatalism, which was the belief that luck played a key role in determining one’s fate.
Conclusions
The findings contribute to enriching the current understanding of the negative effect of low subjective SES on future orientation and the protective role of non-fatalistic beliefs.
Clinical diagnostic value of circ-ARHGER28 for breast cancer and its effect on MCF-7 cell proliferation and apoptosis
Authors: Tao Xiang , Na Li , Hu En-xi , Wang Jia , Wu Li-gang , Zhang Xu , Wang Li-bin
Published: March 2024

Objective
To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of circ-ARHGER28 in breast cancer (BC), and the biological functiona of circ-ARHGER28 on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 cells.
Methods
Human circRNA microarray was performed to analysis the expression of circRNAs in BC patients. RT-qPCR combined with bioinformatic analysis was applied to verify the candidate circRNAs in BC tissues and peripheral blood. Circ-ARHGER28 was chosen as the candidate gene for further research. The clinical diagnostic value and biological functions of circ-ARHGER28 were analyzed. The over-expression and inhibit vector of circ-ARHGER28 were constructed and transfected to MCF-7 cells, the CCK-8 assay and clone formation experiments were applied to detect the cells proliferative and migratory abilities. Flow cytometry analyzed cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. RTqPCR and western blot were performed to detect the expression of apoptosis and PI3K/AKT/mTOR associated genes and proteins.
Results
Over-expression of circ-ARHGER28 inhibited the proliferation, colony formation and migration of the MCF-7 cells, as well as increased the population of the cells G2/M phase and apoptotic rate. The apoptosis associated genes and proteins were significantly increased, whereas the gene and protein of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were decreased in the cells.
Conclusion
circ-ARHGER28 has a good correlation with BC. Circ-ARHGER28 inhibited MCF-7 cells proliferation and increased its apoptotic rate. The function of circ-ARHGER28 was associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Circ-ARHGER28 proved to be an ideal biomarker for BC diagnostic and a novel target for BC therapy.
A hybrid multi-strategy SCSO algorithm for robot path planning
Authors: Lou Tai-shan , Yue Zhe-peng , Chen Zhi-wu , Qi Ren-long , Li Guang
Published: March 2024

To address the problems of low convergence efficiency and easy to fall into local extremes in the sand cat swarm optimization algorithm for solving the path planning problem of mobile robots. A hybrid multi-strategy based sand cat swarm optimization (HMSCSO) algorithm is proposed to solve the path planning problem of mobile robots. First, the nonlinear adjustment strategy is used to increase the convergence accuracy of the algorithm; Then, the logarithmic weight strategy is introduced into the position update to balance the exploration and exploitation ability of the algorithm; Next, the alternate selection strategy is used to improve the ability of the algorithm to jump out of local extremes; Finally, the position update formula of Lévy flight is introduced into the algorithm to alleviate the situation that the algorithm falls into stagnation. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed HMSCSO algorithm, 23 benchmark test functions and CEC2022 test functions are selected for comparison with other advanced optimizers. In addition, the HMSCSO algorithm is subjected to ablation experiments in three groups of environments with different obstacles. The experimental results show that the HMSCSO algorithm can effectively improve the solution accuracy.
Rich 3D Experience Digital Gallery for Heritage Museums –Enhancement Approach
Authors: K Akila
Published: March 2024

With the massive progression of information technologies, the digitization method has emanated to be more advanced and diversified. Presently, a few well-known museums have created virtual environments in the form of digitized information on their web pages or pre-recording their visit escort through portable devices, which provides faster and at ease access without any time and space limitation and makes the visitors more convenient. Thus, the versatile analysis of virtual museums has the likely to facilitate a better recognize of the values of resources to depot cultural heritage. To bridge a gap between visitors and monuments, we have to reinforce the importance of interactive activities at a greater level of engagement and sense of presence. It could be achieved through the implementation of Augmented Reality. Fortunately, the expectation of museum exhibitions is enhanced by blending the visit experience with more appropriate interaction with real objects and embodiment of personalization. By fusing emotionally engaging stories, a remarkable blend of historical artifacts, characters, activities to offer a fair experience while the cultural site is remote. Our intention is to describe various approaches that aid to boost a visitor’s virtual experience in a museum and art galleries over digital technology. Our work focuses on improvising the virtual medium to offer effective engagement for visitors with multiple delights in museums and art galleries using advanced technologies.
Enhancing Stroke Rehabilitation with Whole-Hand Haptic Rendering: Development and Clinical Usability Evaluation of a Novel Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Device
Authors: Rätz Raphael , Conti François , Thaler Irène , Müri René M. , Marchal-Crespo Laura
Published: March 2024

Introduction: There is currently a lack of easy-to-use and effective robotic devices for upper-limb rehabilitation after stroke. Importantly, most current systems lack the provision of somatosensory information that is congruent with the virtual training task. This paper introduces a novel haptic robotic system designed for upper-limb rehabilitation, focusing on enhancing sensorimotor rehabilitation through comprehensive haptic rendering.
Methods: We developed a novel haptic rehabilitation device with a unique combination of degrees of freedom that allows the virtual training of functional reach and grasp tasks. Thereby, we use a physics engine-based haptic rendering method to render whole-hand interactions between the patients' hands and virtual tangible objects. To evaluate the feasibility of our system, we performed a clinical mixed-method usability study with seven patients and seven therapists working in neurorehabilitation. We employed standardized questionnaires to gather quantitative data and performed semi-structured interviews with all participants to gain qualitative insights into the perceived usability and usefulness of our technological solution.
Results: The device demonstrated ease of use and adaptability to various hand sizes without extensive setup. Therapists and patients reported high satisfaction levels, with the system facilitating engaging and meaningful rehabilitation exercises. Participants provided notably positive feedback, particularly emphasizing the system's available degrees of freedom and its haptic rendering capabilities. Therapists expressed confidence in the transferability of sensorimotor skills learned with our system to activities of daily living, although further investigation is needed to confirm this.
Conclusion: The novel haptic robotic system effectively supports upper-limb rehabilitation post-stroke, offering high-fidelity haptic feedback and engaging training tasks. Its clinical usability, combined with positive feedback from both therapists and patients, underscores its potential to enhance robotic neurorehabilitation.
Genetic Diversity Analysis in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)] by Using SSR Markers
Authors: Kale Sonam S. , Borde Gaurav , Ansari Mushtaq Ahmad , Ahmad Sheikh Fayaz , Malik Abdul , Shahid Mudassar
Published: March 2024

Sorghum bicolor is one of the most important cereal crops around the world where the availability of water is limited. The study of genetic variability among the sorghum accessions will enable accurate results in breeding programs and in mapping studies. Using SSR markers that were spread out evenly on the sorghum genome, it was found that all 23 accessions from the Maharashtra region could be put into three main classes. These classes were linked to the biological status and other traits and characteristics of the accessions. The gene diversity measured in terms of polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.00 to 0.24, with the average PIC value found to be 0.067, where a 0.24 PIC value indicated the presence of two alleles per locus. Expected heterozygosity, or gene diversity, was computed according to Nei (1973) and varied from 0.00 to 0.28 with an average of 0.07. A total of 9 SSR marker alleles were detected, with an average of 1.5 alleles per marker. The number of alleles per marker ranged from 1 (msbCIR329, Xtxp021, and Xtxp278) to 2 (Xtxp321, msbCIR306, and Xisep0310). The fragment size of the allele ranged from 109 (msbCIR329) to 252 (Xtxp321 and Xtxp278).
The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) as a Predictor of Incident diabetes: A Longitudinal Study among Chinese without Diabetes
Authors: Lin Yajuan , Liu Zexin , Li Ziwen , Li Jiatian , Bao Xiaoyan , Xia Yunlong , Zhang Bo
Published: March 2024

Background: As the prevalence of diabetes rises and the disease burden increases, it will be extremely beneficial to identify high-risk groups who are susceptible to diabetes early on using simple and effective diagnostic tools. Recently, it was discovered that T2DM is strongly correlated with METS-IR. However, it is unclear whether the relationship between T2DM and METS-IR is affected by time progression.
Methods
This study included 114,827 subjects (62186 men and 52641 women) who underwent a physical examination with a 7-years follow-up. The subjects were divided into five equal groups based on their METS-IR quintile, with the outcome of interest being the occurrence of diabetic events.
Results
Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis for the prediction of diabetes according to the METS-IR shows that METS-IR was strongly positively correlated with the risk of future diabetes (HR 1.11 per SD increase, 95% CI: 1.10-1.11), and the risk of diabetes corresponding to METS-IR was gradually increased compared with the lowest quintile group (P for trend < 0.001). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that METS-IR in females outperformed the prediction for T2DM compared to that in males. Among people with different phenotypes, it can be observed that younger individuals had a significantly higher risk of METS-IR-related diabetes than middle-aged and older individuals.
Conclusions
In summary, the present study demonstrated that METS-IR is an important independent predictor of new-onset diabetes in the Chinese general population, independent of traditional diabetes risk factors, especially in younger individuals.
Growth evaluation in Silver Russel Syndrome and Small Gestational Age patients : A Statistical Model
Authors: Migliaretti Giuseppe , Stura I. , Brondino F. , Matarazzo P. , Sanctis L.
Published: March 2024

Objective
The study proposes a description and a mathematical model of growth of both Silver Russell Syndrome (SRS) and Small for Gestational Age (SGA) patients, with and without Growth Hormone (GH) treatment.
Design and Methods
Thirteen patients with molecular diagnosis of SRS were compared with 13 sex-paired SGA subjects. For each patient, neonatal and follow up auxological data were collected. A predictive growth model based on the Gompertzian function and optimization method, already tested and validated on a cohort of GH-deficient children, was used.
Results
Baselines anthropometric values do not significantly differ between the presented SRS and SGA populations. The applied mathematical model showed same natural growth hope for SGA and SRS subjects. In SRS patients under GH treatment a significant increase in growth hope seems to emerge from the prediction model, while an improvement in growth velocity was assessed in the counterpart of SGA subjects, which exhibit early response to the treatment.
Conclusions
The proposed mathematical prediction model indicates a benefit from GH treatment for both the SRS and SGA conditions; while SGA patients showed an earlier response, SRS patients have a longer term gain. These data suggest the need to anticipate the SRS diagnosis for starting with earlier therapy.
Impact of aluminium doping on structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Donta Paramesh
Published: March 2024

Aluminium substituted nanoferrites Fe(3−x)AlxO4 with (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0) samples were routed through auto-combustion. X-ray diffraction established the spinel cubic structure with no marking of impurities and the lattice constant were in between 8.398 Å to 8.359 Å. Crystallite size specifies the nano size formation and it varies from 32.15 nm to 21.38 nm with aluminium substitution. The field emission scanning electron microscope images shown the particles are in nano sized with uniform distribution. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis established the all basic elemental composition. FTIR spectra remarked two basic characteristic absorption bands, ν1 and ν2 between 600 cm− 1 and 404 cm− 1. VSM studies at room temperature remarked that the saturation magnetization (Ms), coercivity (Hc) and remanent magnetization (Mr) was decreased with aluminium substitution. Impedance spectroscopy studies were analysed with applied frequency and temperature to explore the dielectric nature of samples and evidenced that grain boundaries have more influence on the resistivity than grains. A clear deviation was observed in dielectric loss, dielectric permittivity and AC conductivity with temperature and frequency. This elucidated by the Maxwell-Wagner polarization and supports the hopping of Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions at the B-sites.
The previously undescribed variant of the thyrohyoid muscle and its potential impact on surgical procedures
Authors: Maślanka Krystian , Zielinska Nicol , Karauda Piotr , Węgiel Andrzej , Niemiec Małgorzata , Olewnik Łukasz
Published: March 2024

The thyrohyoid muscle belongs to the infrahyoid group located in the carotid triangle. It normally originates from thyroid cartilage and inserts into hyoid bone. Quite often, it is continuous with the sternohyoid muscle. Furthermore, there are variants that have their origin in the cricoid cartilage only, however, this occurs very rarely. During anatomical dissection, a two-headed variant of this muscle was found. One head had its origin in the cricoid cartilage and the other in the thyroid cartilage. This variant of thyrohyoid had not been previously described in the available literature. Therefore, we believe that it may be referred to as the cricothyrohyoid muscle. As the thyrohyoideus is often used as a landmark during surgical procedures in the prelaryngeal area and as a muscle graft, a thorough knowledge of its anatomy and variation is extremely important. We speculate that the two-headed version of this muscle may be problematic during surgical procedures in this region, however, it may also provide more options as a muscular graft.