bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Βελτίωση της συμπεριφοράς φθοράς επικαλυμμένων κοπτικών εργαλειών μέσω κατάλληλης επιλογής των τεχνολογικών και γεωμετρικών παραμέτρων τους με τη χρήση πειραματικών και αναλυτικών πεπερασμένων στοιχείων
Authors: Μπουμπάκης Απόστολος
Published: June 2022

Στόχος της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η διερεύνηση, πειραματικά και αναλυτικά, της εξάρτησης της απόδοσης κοπής επικαλυμμένων κοπτικών εργαλείων, αλλά και ενός ιατρικού εργαλείου, από τα χαρακτηριστικά του υλικού, όπως η δομή, από τις διαφορετικές θερμοκρασιακές συνθήκες κατά και μετά την εναπόθεση της επικάλυψης και τις συνεπαγόμενες εναπομένουσες τάσεις, και από το ρυθμό καταπόνησης. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, πραγματοποιούνται διάφορες πειραματικές διαδικασίες για τον προσδιορισμό των ιδιοτήτων της αντοχής και της απόδοσης κοπής των εργαλείων. Επιπλέον, αναπτύσσονται αριθμητικά μοντέλα με τη χρήση της μεθόδου των πεπερασμένων στοιχείων για τον υπολογισμό και την επαλήθευση των παραπάνω ιδιοτήτων του υποστρώματος και της επικάλυψης και της κατανομής των πεδίων τάσεων και παραμορφώσεων κατά τη διάρκεια των πειραμάτων κρούσης και της κατεργασίας του φραιζαρίσματος.
Η λειτουργία των βιβλιοθηκών στην προώθηση της φιλαναγνωσίας και της δημιουργικής γραφής
Authors: Βαϊτσάκης Αθανάσιος
Published: June 2022

Η θέση της βιβλιοθήκης στην εποχή μας έχει προσλάβει μεγάλη σημασία και διαδραματίζει αποφασιστικό ρόλο στη διάδοση της γνώσης και της επιστήμης. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή από τον τίτλο ακόμη περιγράφει με σαφήνεια ότι η προώθηση της φιλαναγνωσίας-δημιουργικής γραφής ανήκει πρωτίστως στις βιβλιοθήκες. Προκειμένου να επιτευχθεί η σύζευξη μεταξύ των βιβλιοθηκών και της φιλαναγνωσίας-δημιουργικής γραφής δημιουργήσαμε πρωτότυπες δραστηριότητες για τα παιδιά της Προσχολικής και της Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης. Πιστεύουμε ότι η εφαρμογή τους μέσα στον χώρο της βιβλιοθήκης με τη συνδρομή του βιβλιοθηκονόμου-εκπαιδευτικού θα δημιουργήσουν αναγνώστες-συγγραφείς ενεργητικούς και δημιουργικούς. Εξάλλου με την πρώιμη επαφή των παιδιών με το βιβλίο, τη συγγραφή και τις βιβλιοθήκες, δημιουργούνται οι προϋποθέσεις για να αγαπήσουν την ανάγνωση και τη συγγραφή και να αποκτήσουν ουσιαστική σχέση με αυτές.
Time series forecasting under distribution shift in environmental applications
Authors: Μαμμάς Κωνσταντίνος
Published: June 2022

Η κλιματική αλλαγή είναι ίσως η μεγαλύτερη απειλή που αντιμετωπίζει ο πλανήτης μας. Σε αρκετές περιοχές, παρατηρούνται ακραία καιρικά φαινόμενα που εμφανίζονται όλο και πιο συχνά, ενώ σε άλλες περιοχές παρατηρείται αύξηση της θερμοκρασίας και των γεγονότων ξηρασίας. Τα γεγονότα έντονης ή και ακραίας βροχόπτωσης γίνονται όλο και πιο συχνά, προκαλώντας πλημμύρες ενώ συχνά επηρεάζουν και την ποιότητα του νερού και κατά συνέπεια τη διαθεσιμότητα υδάτινων πόρων. Η Μεσόγειος θεωρείται ως μια από τις περιοχές του πλανήτη με τη μεγαλύτερη έκθεση στην κλιματική αλλαγή. Τα επόμενα χρόνια, αναμένεται ότι η θερμοκρασία θα αυξηθεί περισσότερο στην Ευρώπη και ειδικότερα στην περιοχή της Μεσογείου, σε σύγκριση με άλλες περιοχές του κόσμου [2]. Σύμφωνα με την έκθεση του IPCC (AR6 Climate Change 2021) [3] , προβλέπεται μείωση της βροχόπτωσης κατά τη διάρκεια των καλοκαιριών στη Μεσόγειο αλλά και σε περιοχές που βρίσκονται πιο βόρεια. Οι περιοχές στη βόρεια Ευρώπη θα γίνουν πιο υγρές, ενώ στη νότια Ευρώπη εκτιμάται ότι η κλιματική αλλαγή θα οδηγήσει σε πιο ξηρές κλιματικές συνθήκες. Η αυξανόμενη διαθεσιμότητα νερού στο βορά και η μειωμένη διαθεσιμότητα στο νότο, θα έχουν τεράστιο αντίκτυπο στην ένταση και διάρκεια της διαθεσιμότητας του νερού σε περιοχές με μεγάλη λειψυδρία. Παράλληλα, οι ξηρασίες θα έχουν μεγαλύτερη διάρκεια και θα γίνουν πιο έντονες στη νότια και δυτική Ευρώπη και λιγότερο στη βόρεια και ανατολική Ευρώπη [4]. Οι επιπτώσεις της κλιματικής αλλαγής οδηγούν σε ραγδαίες οικονομικές προκλήσεις. Μια αύξηση της τάξης των 3°C , θα οδηγούσε ετήσιες οικονομικές απώλειες 175 δισεκατομμυρίων ευρώ. Στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας διατριβής διερευνήθηκε η δυνατότητα πρόβλεψης της ξηρασίας με μεθόδους βασισμένες σε δεδομένα. Αρχικά διερευνήθηκε η μεταβλητότητα της βροχόπτωσης σε περιοχές που παρατηρούνται έντονα φαινόμενα ξηρασίας και δημιουργήθηκαν μοντέλα για την περιγραφή της μετεωρολογικής ξηρασίας. Αναπτύχθηκε μια μεθοδολογία και ένα πλαίσιο για την πρόγνωση της ξηρασίας λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τη μεροληψία κατά τον προσδιορισμό τόσο του μοντέλου όσο και τη διαδικασία συλλογής και διαχείρισης της πληροφορίας. Για την εκτέλεση των πειραμάτων που περιγράφονται στη παρούσα διατριβή, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τεχνικές στατιστικής μοντελοποίησης και μηχανικής μάθησης.
Etiological factors and treatment of chylothorax in paediatric patients - a systematic review
Authors: Knop Kinga , Kochanowska Anna , Piasecka Zuzanna , Kosieradzka Karolina , Drozd Małgorzata , Bodajko-Grochowska Anna
Published: June 2022

Chylothorax is an accumulation of chyle in the pleural cavity. It is a relatively rare cause of pleural effusion in children and its annual incidence is 14 cases per 100 000 children in Europe. 

The pleural fluid triglyceride level greater than 110 mg/dl with a cholesterol level lower than 200 mg/dl confirms the diagnosis of chylothorax. Medical imaging are also necessary such as a non-invasive and easily accessible lung ultrasound. Symptoms of this disease are tachypnea, dyspnea, and in some cases dry cough.

This review aims to summarize the current literature regarding chylothorax in children, analyze its possible etiologies and treatments.

The causes of chylothorax are varied. It may appear after surgical interventions, traumas, infections and also be congenital. Iatrogenic factors are the most common cause of chylothorax in children with cardiothoracic surgeries. Management of chylothorax can be quite complex and highly variable, depending on patient’s condition and their response to the introduced treatment. Conservative treatment consisting of nutrition therapy, chest drain, and pharmacotherapy is typically a first-line of treatment. Diet modification consist in dietary supplements enriched with medium chain triglycerides (MCT) or starting the patient on a total parenteral nutrition (TPN). In most of the analyzed cases the conservative treatment alone proved sufficient in the management of chylothorax. In case of its failure, surgical treatment was a secondary therapy choice. One of the most common surgical procedures for pleural effusion is a thoracic duct ligation (TDL) or pleurodesis and both of these methods are highly effective therapy for chylothorax.

This review of the literature reveals a wide variety of causes and methods of treatment of chylothorax. There are no clear standards of management and the therapy is adjusted to the clinical condition of the patient.
História da mídia: comparar ou conectar?
Authors: Barbosa Marialva , Gutiérrez Eduardo
Published: June 2022

O artigo apresenta a proposta de estudar a história da mídia da perspectiva teórica e metodológica das histórias conectadas, sobretudo quando se trata da América Latina, espacialidade em que sobressai o encontro de vários universos e trânsitos culturais que se revelam em modos e práticas comunicacionais. Descreve ainda os caminhos que vêm sendo conduzidos pela Rede Latino-Americana de História da Mídia (Relahm), que reúne mais de 50 pesquisadores de diversos países da América Latina
Cooperativas de prensa: un modelo de organización periodística en las crisis económicas y las transiciones políticas
Authors: Camps-Durban Eloi
Published: June 2022

La cooperativa despierta un interés creciente como modelo de organización de la empresa periodística. Sin embargo, este modelo existe desde hace décadas, y ha sido ensayado especialmente en situaciones de crisis económica o procesos de transición a la democracia. El objetivo del artículo es describir y analizar el papel de las cooperativas de prensa en estos escenarios. Se selecciona una muestra de cinco casos y se examina la bibliografía disponible sobre cada uno mediante análisis de contenido. Se infieren características particulares de las cooperativas de prensa a la hora de encarar crisis y/o transiciones. Los resultados apuntan a que la cooperativa facilita el mantenimiento o creación de empleo y permite un control democrático de la organización periodística. Esta gobernanza posibilita la práctica de un periodismo más autónomo y plural, pese a los condicionantes sobre los medios en períodos de turbulencias económicas y políticas.
Feeding the Nation—Dynamic Customer Contacting for E-Fulfillment in Times of Crisis
Authors: Schwamberger Jonas , Fleischmann Moritz , Strauss Arne
Published: June 2022

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led demand for online grocery orders for both click & collect (C&C) and attended home delivery (AHD) to outstrip delivery capacity by a wide margin. In the United Kingdom, the booking systems of some e-retailers could not handle the flood of incoming requests, forcing the retailers to proactively reach out to certain priority customer segments with the aim of serving as many high-priority customers as possible. To determine when to contact each customer segment in this extraordinary demand environment, we investigate the new demand management concept of proactively contacting customers. We first develop a decision policy for the C&C fulfillment method to address the problem of when to contact customers. We then extend this approach to the AHD setting. To cope with increased problem complexity, we propose a three-step procedure to solve this problem. First, we subdivide the delivery area into smaller subareas; second, we select the most promising subareas; and third, we determine which customers to contact within the chosen subareas. To gain managerial insights and to show the practical benefits of our approaches, we apply both approaches to realistic data from the London area. Our results show that proactive customer contacting allows for a tailored allocation of scarce capacity in e-groceries. We conclude with a discussion on how these contacting techniques can be valuable in postcrisis times.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Service Science Special Issue on Innovation in Transportation-Enabled Urban Services.
The electrical productivity of Arabica coffee grounds battery based on electrode distance and dryness level
Authors: Pawarangan Ishak , Pineng Martina , Anum Saiful Achmad
Published: June 2022

Bio-battery is an alternative natural energy source that utilizes organic compounds to generate electricity. This research uses coffee grounds as an environmentally friendly electrolyte paste. This study aims to identify and analyze the current and voltage produced by the bio batteries with the durability of bio batteries made from Arabica coffee grounds based on electrode distance and dryness level. The method used is a direct measurement of coffee grounds using copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) as electrodes, further testing of the output current and voltage is carried out every 24 hours. The results showed that Arabica coffee grounds produce a maximum voltage of 1.01 V, a current of 0.49 mA and a power of 0.42 W. Based on these results, Arabica coffee grounds have the potential to be used as bio batteries.
Discursos de ódio no contexto da desordem informacional: como resolver?
Authors: Forster Renê , Monteiro de Carvalho Rodrigo
Published: June 2022

A era do informacionalismo trouxe novas dinâmicas para os discursos de ódio. Se faz necessário, portanto, entender como fenômenos do mundo digital impactam esse tipo de manifestação. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sobre os discursos de ódio no contexto da chamada desordem informacional, entendida como a produção e circulação de informações maliciosas ou falas particularmente em ambiente digital. Por meio dessa pesquisa bibliográfica, temos o objetivo de oferecer um material introdutório elencando possíveis soluções para esses problemas. Nesse sentido, detalhamos quatro eixos de medidas de enfrentamento aos discursos de ódio e à desordem informacional: o educativo (no qual consideramos medidas de letramento), o classificatório (no qual consideramos iniciativas de checagem de fatos e também soluções algorítmicas para a detecção de conteúdos maliciosos ou falsos), o normativo (no qual tratamos da regulação interna e pública das mídias sociais) e o econômico (no qual consideramos a mobilização social pelo desfinanciamento de produtores ou divulgadores de conteúdo malicioso ou falso). Na análise de cada um deles, refletimos sobre suas potencialidades e também sobre suas limitações, defendendo a tese de que a complexidade dos problemas em questão exige uma combinação de diferentes ações.
Can we eat to treat—and even beat—hypertension?
Authors: Webster Brian
Published: June 2022

While hypertension is classed as a long-term condition—implying that it is incurable—it can be prevented, managed and even reversed through lifestyle changes, argues Brian Webster.
Nurses' knowledge of and attitude to nursing information systems
Authors: Sinha Rajesh Kumar , Joy Jinu
Published: June 2022

Background:

The use of a nursing information system (NIS) provides significant benefit to the nurses in the management of real-time patient data and contributes to improving the operational effectiveness of nursing services.

Aim:

To assess the knowledge of, attitude towards and use of an NIS.

Methods:

A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among 230 hospital nurses in India, using a validated questionnaire including demographic characteristics, and questions on knowledge of, attitude towards and use of an NIS.

Findings:

The study found that more than 70% of nurses had good computer skills and knowledge about the information system. About 75% of the nurses reported that the NIS could be a tool to support them in improving patient care, and medical documentation, although 42% claimed that the use of NIS depersonalises nursing care. Seventy-one per cent of the nurses expressed the need for formal education and training on using an NIS during and after their nursing education.

Conclusion:

Training and demonstration of NISs during nurse education would improve nurses' knowledge, build confidence and positive attitudes, and enhance the acceptability and sustainability of NISs in healthcare settings.
A person, not a statistic
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: June 2022

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, considers the importance of listening to patients and taking a person-centred approach in reviews of adverse events
The state of wound assessment tools in Singapore: an evaluation study
Authors: Goh Hongli Sam , Lee Chen Na , Tan Vivian , Tang Mun Leong , Zhang Hui
Published: June 2022

Objective:

Variations in wound assessment and documentation remain an issue for clinicians despite efforts to standardise practices using national guidelines such as the Wound Care Assessment Minimum Data Set (WCA-MDS). As little is known about the quality of the wound assessment tools (WATs) used in Singapore, this study aimed to determine whether the existing WATs used meet the WCA-MDS criteria and clinicians' needs.

Method:

The study adopted an action evaluation methodology to evaluate seven well-established WATs, such as the Applied Wound Management (AWM) and National Wound Assessment Form (NWAF), and eight locally-designed WATs against the 34-item WCA-MDS criteria. Two clinicians reviewed the WATs using a self-developed audit form between June and July 2020.

Results:

The results show that only five WATs met at least 50% of the 34 criteria indicators, with the MEASURE assessment framework achieving the most at 68%, followed by TIME-CDST at 65%, Hospital C WAT at 56%, NWAF at 53%, and AWM form at 50%. The five most common criteria indicators included wound type/classification, date and time of wound, wound size, wound bed tissue type, and exudate information. Most criteria indicators under the ‘patient information’ and ‘specialist's referral’ subdomains were omitted, reflecting the lack of focus on these areas in the local WATs.

Conclusion:

Despite advances in WAT development in the literature, the current state of wound assessment and documentation across healthcare institutions remains inconsistent. There is a need to focus on clinician training and establishing a nationally-validated WAT in Singapore.
Analyzing the Public Private Sector Wage Gap Using Difference-in-Differences
Authors: Ólafsdóttir Katrín , Ólafsson Vilhjálmur Forberg
Published: June 2022

This paper estimates the differential between wages in the private and the public sectors using the difference-in-differences method. The method relies on estimating the wage changes of those that move from one sector to the other, that is, from the public sector to the private sector or from the private sector to the public sector. We find that the wages fall by 6-12% between years for those that move from the private sector to the public sector in either 2015 or 2016, while wages increase by 7-10% between years when moving from the public sector to the private sector in either 2015 or 2016.
Image-based parameter inference for epithelial mechanics
Authors: Ogita Goshi , Kondo Takefumi , Ikawa Keisuke , Uemura Tadashi , Ishihara Shuji , Sugimura Kaoru
Published: June 2022

Measuring mechanical parameters in tissues, such as the elastic modulus of cell-cell junctions, is essential to decipher the mechanical control of morphogenesis. However, their in vivo measurement is technically challenging. Here, we formulated an image-based statistical approach to estimate the mechanical parameters of epithelial cells. Candidate mechanical models are constructed based on force-cell shape correlations obtained from image data. Substitution of the model functions into force-balance equations at the cell vertex leads to an equation with respect to the parameters of the model, by which one can estimate the parameter values using a least-squares method. A test using synthetic data confirmed the accuracy of parameter estimation and model selection. By applying this method to Drosophila epithelial tissues, we found that the magnitude and orientation of feedback between the junction tension and shrinkage, which are determined by the spring constant of the junction, were correlated with the elevation of tension and myosin-II on shrinking junctions during cell rearrangement. Further, this method clarified how alterations in tissue polarity and stretching affect the anisotropy in tension parameters. Thus, our method provides a novel approach to uncovering the mechanisms governing epithelial morphogenesis.
Emerging hantavirus infection in wild rodents captured in suburbs of Gwangju Metropolitan City, South Korea
Authors: Seo Mi hee , Kim Choon-Mee , Kim Dong-Min , Yun Na Ra , Park Jung Wook , Chung Jae Keun
Published: June 2022

Background

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by hantaviruses is a frequently reported acute hemorrhagic fever in South Korea. These viruses are transmitted by various rodent species such as Apodemus agrarius.

Methodology/Principal findings

To investigate hantavirus infection and seroprevalence in rodents, wild rodents were captured from two districts in the suburbs of Gwangju Metropolitan City from January 2016 to December 2018. Nested reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the hantavirus-specific L segment and indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay using Hantaan virus antigen slides were performed. A total of 585 wild rodents were captured—512 A. agrarius, 49 Crocidura lasiura, and 24 Myodes regulus. Nested RT-PCR was performed to examine the rate of hantavirus infection in wild rodents, and 1.88% (11/585) of all rodents, 1.17% (6/512) of A. agrarius, 6.12% (3/49) of C. lasiura, and 8.33% (2/24) of M. regulus tested positive. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the eleven PCR-positive products revealed that six PCR products showed over 85% sequence similarity with the Jeju virus, four showed over 99.7% similarity with the Hantaan virus, and one showed over 95.3% homology with the Imjin virus. Moreover, IgG antibodies against the Hantaan virus were detected in 6.15% (36/585) of all rodents, 6.8% (35/512) of A. agrarius, and 4.17% (1/24) of M. regulus. IgG antibodies were not detected in C. lasiura.

Conclusions/Significance

Hantaviruses were detected in all three wild rodent species of A. agrarius, C. lasiura, and M. regulus captured in the suburbs of Gwangju Metropolitan City, South Korea, and it was demonstrated that they were various strains of hantaviruses such as the Hantaan, Jeju, and Imjin viruses.
Intense pulsed light improves signs and symptoms of dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Toyos Rolando , Desai Neel R. , Toyos Melissa , Dell Steven J.
Published: June 2022

Purpose

To compare the safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) followed by meibomian gland expression (MGX), against monotherapy of MGX.

Methods

Patients with moderate to severe meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) were 1:1 randomized to 4 sessions of intense pulse light + MGX at 2-week intervals, or 4 sessions of Sham + MGX at 2-week intervals. Both patients and examiners were blinded to the allocation. Outcome measures, evaluated at the baseline (BL) and at a follow-up (FU) conducted 4 weeks after the last IPL session, included fluorescein tear breakup time (TBUT) as the primary outcome measure, OSDI (Ocular Surface Disease Index) questionnaire, Eye Dryness Score (EDS, a visual analog scale (VAS)-based questionnaire), Meibomian gland score (MGS, a score of meibum expressibility and quality in 15 glands on the lower eyelid), daily use of artificial tears, and daily use of warm compresses. In addition, during each treatment session, the number of expressible glands was counted in both eyelids, the predominant quality of meibum was estimated in both eyelids, and the level of pain/discomfort due to MGX and IPL was recorded.

Results

TBUT increased from 3.8±0.2 (μ±standard error of mean (SEM)) to 4.5±0.3 seconds in the control arm, and from 4.0±0.2 to 6.0±0.3 in the study arm. The difference between arms was statistically significant (P < .01). Other signs/symptoms which improved in both arms but were greater in the study arm included MGS (P < .001), EDS (P < .01), the number of expressible glands in the lower eyelids (P < .0001) and upper eyelid (P < .0001), the predominant meibum quality in the lower eyelid (P < .0001) and upper eyelid (P < .0001), and the level of pain due to MGX (P < .0001). Outcome measures which improved in both arms with no significant differences between the two were OSDI (P = .9984), and the daily use of artificial tears (P = .8216). Meibography, daily use of warm compresses, and severity of skin rosacea did not show statistically significant changes in either arm. No serious adverse events were observed. There was a slight tendency for more adverse events in the control group (P = 0.06).

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that, in patients with moderate to severe symptoms, combination therapy of intense pulse light (IPL) and meibomian gland expression (MGX) could be a safe and useful approach for improving signs of dry eye disease (DED) due to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Future studies are needed to elucidate if and how such improvements can be generalized to different severity levels of MGD.
Exploring EEG spectral and temporal dynamics underlying a hand grasp movement
Authors: Bodda Sandeep , Diwakar Shyam
Published: June 2022

For brain-computer interfaces, resolving the differences between pre-movement and movement requires decoding neural ensemble activity in the motor cortex’s functional regions and behavioural patterns. Here, we explored the underlying neural activity and mechanisms concerning a grasped motor task by recording electroencephalography (EEG) signals during the execution of hand movements in healthy subjects. The grasped movement included different tasks; reaching the target, grasping the target, lifting the object upwards, and moving the object in the left or right directions. 163 trials of EEG data were acquired from 30 healthy participants who performed the grasped movement tasks. Rhythmic EEG activity was analysed during the premovement (alert task) condition and compared against grasped movement tasks while the arm was moved towards the left or right directions. The short positive to negative deflection that initiated around -0.5ms as a wave before the onset of movement cue can be used as a potential biomarker to differentiate movement initiation and movement. A rebound increment of 14% of beta oscillations and 26% gamma oscillations in the central regions was observed and could be used to distinguish pre-movement and grasped movement tasks. Comparing movement initiation to grasp showed a decrease of 10% in beta oscillations and 13% in gamma oscillations, and there was a rebound increment 4% beta and 3% gamma from grasp to grasped movement. We also investigated the combination MRCPs and spectral estimates of α, β, and γ oscillations as features for machine learning classifiers that could categorize movement conditions. Support vector machines with 3rdorder polynomial kernel yielded 70% accuracy. Pruning the ranked features to 5 leaf nodes reduced the error rate by 16%. For decoding grasped movement and in the context of BCI applications, this study identifies potential biomarkers, including the spatio-temporal characteristics of MRCPs, spectral information, and choice of classifiers for optimally distinguishing initiation and grasped movement.
Defining the region of interest of the knee for perioperative volumetric assessment with a portable 3D scanner in orthopedic and trauma surgery
Authors: Latz David , Oezel Lisa , Taday Roman , Gehrmann Sebastian Viktor , Windolf Joachim , Schiffner Erik
Published: June 2022

Background

The aim of this study was to characterize three regions of interest (ROI) around the knee with a portable 3D scanner (Artec 3D scanner EVA). Soft tissue topography assessment with an optimized, precise, and reproducible method may assist surgeons when managing soft tissue swelling in the post traumatic setting.

Methods

12 healthy volunteers (24 legs, 7 women, 5 man) were included in this study. The patient cohort showed a mean age of 27.1 years (SD±3), a mean weight of 70 kg (SD±13) and a mean height of 171 cm (SD±8.8). All scans were recorded by the same examiner in the same room and with the same scanner (Artec, 3 D scanner EVA). Three volume regions of interest (ROI) were defined: the distal femur (circumference measured between the of superior extent of the patella to 10 cm proximal), the knee joint (measured from the top of the patella to the tibial tuberosity) and the proximal tibia (tibial tuberosity to 10 cm distal).

Results

The mean volume of the right leg was 3.901 l (I. distal femur: 1.63 l, knee joint: 1.33 l, proximal tibia: 1.10 l) and mean volume of the left leg was 3.910 l (I. distal femur: 1.66 l, knee joint: 1.34 l, proximal tibia: 1.12 l). The volume difference between the right and left leg was 0.094 l (SD ± 0.083 l) The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test showed no significant differences of the volumes between the right and left leg.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that portable 3D scanning could be an accurate and reliable tool for orthopedics and trauma surgeons. Based on the ROIs of this pilot study, further studies are needed to test the significance for clinical applications for patients with an injured knee.
Vowel speech recognition from rat electroencephalography using long short-term memory neural network
Authors: Ham Jinsil , Yoo Hyun-Joon , Kim Jongin , Lee Boreom
Published: June 2022

Over the years, considerable research has been conducted to investigate the mechanisms of speech perception and recognition. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a powerful tool for identifying brain activity; therefore, it has been widely used to determine the neural basis of speech recognition. In particular, for the classification of speech recognition, deep learning-based approaches are in the spotlight because they can automatically learn and extract representative features through end-to-end learning. This study aimed to identify particular components that are potentially related to phoneme representation in the rat brain and to discriminate brain activity for each vowel stimulus on a single-trial basis using a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network and classical machine learning methods. Nineteen male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to microelectrode implantation surgery to record EEG signals from the bilateral anterior auditory fields were used. Five different vowel speech stimuli were chosen, /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, and /u/, which have highly different formant frequencies. EEG recorded under randomly given vowel stimuli was minimally preprocessed and normalized by a z-score transformation to be used as input for the classification of speech recognition. The BiLSTM network showed the best performance among the classifiers by achieving an overall accuracy, f1-score, and Cohen’s κ values of 75.18%, 0.75, and 0.68, respectively, using a 10-fold cross-validation approach. These results indicate that LSTM layers can effectively model sequential data, such as EEG; hence, informative features can be derived through BiLSTM trained with end-to-end learning without any additional hand-crafted feature extraction methods.
A Heart on the Sand
Authors: Warner Sylvia Townsend
Published: June 2022

A sequence of five poems by Sylvia Townsend Warner dedicated to Valentine Ackland and dated Easter 1952.
Letter to the Editor
Authors: Williams Ruth
Published: June 2022

A letter clarifying two points in Lynn Mutti’s article on Sylvia Townsend Warner and Peter Pears, ‘Sylvia Townsend Warner and Peter Pears: Loss and Friendship’, The Journal of the Sylvia Townsend Warner Society 21(1): 62–85. https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.stw.2021.7.
Effect of Static Magnetic Field on Bone Marrow Cellular Density
Authors: Mustafa Bestoon T. , Yaba Sardar P. , Ismail Asaad H.
Published: June 2022

This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of static magnetic field (SMF) on bone marrow cellular density (BMCD) variation proportionally to bone trabeculae. Female albino Wistar rats exposed with 2.4 ± 0.2 millitesla for 1–4 weeks duration continuously versus 1 h, 2 h, 6 h, and 8 h/day. Trephine biopsy of femurs bone was examined under optical microscope. Data analyzed with ImageJ software. Results showed that short time exposure per day did not enhance the BMCD compare to high exposure period/ day. Six hours/day exposure during 1 week increased the marrow cellular density (hypercellularity) significantly (P ≤ 0.05) compares to bone trabeculae. Contrarily, 8 h/day exposure reduced the BMCD slightly and significantly (hypocellularity, about 50% reduction) due to 1 week and 4 weeks exposure duration, respectively. The SMF has associated bone marrow cellularity tendency of rat’s femur.
La práctica escolar en Menorca durante el franquismo
Authors: Barceló Bauzà Gabriel , Sureda Garcia Bernat , Comas Rubí Francisca , Moll Bagur Sergi
Published: June 2022

The historical study of the school practice requires the location and analysis of a whole series of testimonies so far rarely used in historical interpretation –teaching practice reports, notebooks, photographs, etcetera–. Through the historical method, we have approached some of the practices implemented in Minorca (Spain) during the Franco’s dictatorship (1939-1975), which has allowed us to detect some of the changes and continuities that occurred in the day-to-day of school. By this analysis we have been able to verify how the practice of the teachers is more determined by their formation and experience than by the norms approved in the political field. The main conclusion of the study is that while the educational legislation wants to break with the school culture of past times, some of the practices implemented during the Dictatorship continue to demonstrate the persistence of an entire series of teaching methodologies and strategies from pedagogical renewal movements. Therefore, we can see how changes in teacher practice do not always have a direct connection to the ruptures that occur at the political level and, on the other hand, we see how these are slow processes in time. This study shows us that, as is the case today, there were historically a whole series of continuities, at the level of school practice, that resisted the political will to impose change.
Desarrollo de Herramientas de Educación Convivencial en el Siglo XXI
Authors: Jofre Ana , Boylan Kristina , Yucel Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

Ivan Illich famously coined the term «tools for conviviality» in which he refers to tools that encourage individual creativity and expression, and that can be adapted to people’s needs and situations. This paper describes the design of an interactive adaptable tool, whose applications include education and game play, and contextualizes it within Illich’s framework. The Collaborative Interactive Tabletop for Education (CITE), currently being developed at SUNY Polytechnic, allows users to manipulate digital information through the manipulation of hand-held tabletop objects. Such interfaces, known as Tangible User Interfaces (TUI), are believed to have significant advantages over traditional screen-based interfaces. For example, they have been shown to measurably increase collaborative behavior among users. However, TUIs have not been widely adopted, perhaps because most current TUI designs require some kind of specialized hardware. Our approach is to instead create a system, a set of verified instructions along with open-license software packages, for adapting any combination of standard computer hardware into a highly customizable interactive tabletop.
Bangladesh: An Analysis of BRAC’s Shift from Freire’s Critical «Conscientization» to a Neoliberal Self-Optimization Approach of Development
Authors: Fateh Mohammad Abul
Published: June 2022

This article provides a critical analysis of a Bangladeshi development-NGO BRAC’s shift from Paulo Freire’s «conscientizing» education to a neoliberal self-optimization approach of development. Focusing on BRAC’s founder Fazle Hasan Abed’s intentionality and BRAC’s adult literacy programs, I examine why BRAC abandoned Freire’s conscientizing education rooted in Catholic-Marxist social movements in Brazil, and embraced a market-driven development strategy based on market capitalism. In the analysis I place BRAC at the intersection of the international context of the early 1980s, examine BRAC’s relationship with the Bangladeshi regimes, and investigate the ramifications for BRAC and the people to whom this institution offered programs. My findings suggest that, although Freirean philosophy was foundational to BRAC’s organizing principles and the design of its adult education curriculum (Smillie, 2009; BRAC, 1977), BRAC deserted Freirean philosophy to submit to the local power structure and hegemony of the international aid industry. At the dawn of neoliberalism (1980–1995), BRAC adopted microfinance, microfinance literacy and profit-driven development initiatives to capitalize on the struggle of the poor in favour of its organizational growth and sustainability. In the process of evolving into the largest and most business-like NGO in the world (Economist, 2010), BRAC modified and depoliticized Freire’s radical conscientization in its curriculum and development strategy to align itself with the local power structure, the Bangladesh state, and international donors.
BREAST CANCER IN PREGNANCY AT DR. KARIADI GENERAL HOSPITAL: A SERIAL CASE
Authors: Martono Ireneus Vanessa , Pramono M. Besari Adi , Kristanto Herman , Adrianto Albertus Ari
Published: June 2022

Background Each year 2.1 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer, being the most common type of cancer found and cancer-related cause of death in women worldwide. In Indonesia, especially in Middle Java, more than 80% women diagnosed were already in the late stage. Physiological changes in pregnancy contributes to the delay in diagnosis in pregnant women and pregnancy also resulted in a more complicated approach of therapy. Regarding only few studies were done involving pregnancy with breast cancer, the aim of the study is to provide further knowledge associated with it.Methods Medical records of pregnant women with breast cancer in year 2014-2018 at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital were studied.Results Based on the 3 cases be studied, patients were referred from class B and C hospitals outside of Semarang city showing stage III (33.33%) and IV (66.67%) breast cancers. Two-third of the patients underwent mastectomy previously and one of them also underwent chemotherapy program prior her pregnancy. Comorbidities varied between patients and therapies were adjusted individually and multidisciplinary. Two of the cases went through transperitoneal caesarean section for delivery and one patient with twin pregnancy died by complications and intrauterine foetal death was also determined.Conclusion Overall, all patients were > 35 years old and the breast cancers were diagnosed at late stage. Complications by comorbidities such as anaemia, severe malnutrition, and infection, were found. Two pregnancies which were already in third trimester was terminated and a case of maternal mortality was found.Keywords Breast cancer, pregnancy
THE DIFFERENCE OF MEAN PLATELET VOLUME AND PLATELET COUNT IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND NON ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Sikumbang Aditya Paelo Rizki , Samsuria Indranila Kustarini , Anggriyani Novi , Limantoro Charles
Published: June 2022

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is currently one of main causes and the first death in developed and developing countries, including Indonesia. CHD appeared with the clinical appearance of asymptomatic, stable angina pectoris until acute coronary syndrome. ACS is a progressively CHD and takes parameters that describe the process pathogenesis. MPV and platelet count are two parameters in the complete blood count which reflect the activity of platelets in CHD.Objective: This study is to investigate the differences Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Count in CHD with ACS compared to non ACS.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with collecting data from the medical records of patients with CHD who underwent treatment in the dr. Kariadi General Hospital Medical Center Semarang, the period of January - December 2019. Eighty subjects of 20 non-ACS patients and 60 ACS patients were included in this study which is Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Count in hematology laboratory were analyzed. The Independent T-test were used for comparing the group means.Results: MPV was found to be higher significantly among ACS patients as compared to non ACS, 9,43 ± 0,3868 fl vs 9,43 ± 0,3868 fl (p-value<0.01) while Platelet Count was lower significantly among ACS patients as compared to non ACS, 282,63 ± 75,084 109/L  vs 322,30 ± 41,980 109/L.Conclusion: There were significantly differences in Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet count between patients with ACS and non ACS.
THE EFFECT OF “PERMATA-KU” EXERCISES ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME SCORE
Authors: Dewi Made Ayu Kusuma , Rahmi Fifin Luthfia , Saubig Arnila Novitasari , Julianti Hari Peni
Published: June 2022

Background : Most human activities cannot be separated from the use of computers. Long-term and uncontrolled use of computers can lead to Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (KEMENKES) CVS can be handled with ergonomics use of computers resultantly reducing the impact of computer exposure. Education on ergonomics use of computer and PERMATA-KU exercise is expected to improve CVS scores.Research Purpose : Proving the effect of PERMATA-KU exercises toward CVS score improvementMethod : Research subjects are divided into treatment group and control group, each group consists of 15 people. The treatment group received education about the ergonomics use of computer and PERMATA-KU exercises while the control group received education on the ergonomics use of computers. The measurement’s instrument is the CVS questionnaire. The dependent variable of the study was the CVS score and the independent variable of the study was the type of treatment. Statistical test with Wilcoxon, paired t test, unpaired t test, Mann whitney and chi square. Meaning value p <0.05.Result : There was a significant difference in CVS scores before and after the intervention in the treatment group (p = 0.001) and the control group (p = 0.006). There was a significant difference in delta CVS scores between the treatment group and the control group (p=0,008). There was a significant difference in CVS scores after the intervention in the treatment group and the control group (p=0,017). There was no significant difference in the incidence of CVS after the intervention between the treatment group and the control group (p = 0.259).Conclusion : There is an effect of "PERMATA-KU" exercise on the improvement of CVS scores.
The Correlation between Mean Aterial Pressure and Bleeding Volume with The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) Score for Intracerebral Hemmorhage Patients
Authors: Rosaline Shonia Syvafiftyan , Sukmaningtyas Hermina , Wati Arinta Puspita , Imawati Sukma
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage refers to primary, spontaneous, and non-traumatic bleeding that occurs in the brain parenchyma. Intracerebral hemorrhage accounts for approximately 10-20% of all stroke. The most common risk factor for non-traumatic hemorrhagic stroke is hypertension. The increase in Mean Arterial Pressure leads to the incidence of intracerebral hemmorhage. The NIHSS is a systematic assessment tool that quantitatively measures stroke associated with neurologic deficits. Neurological deficits that occur in intracerebral hemorrhage occur because blood enters the brain parenchyma. The incoming blood was measured by the Automatic Volume Method (software volume evaluation), namely the calculation of volume by computer software on the CT Scan tool.Aim: To determine the correlation between Mean Arterial Pressure and bleeding volume with NIHSS score in intracerebral hemorrhage patients.Methods: The research design used in this study was cross sectional. The sample of this study was 40 research subjects using purposive sampling, this study has independent variables, namely Mean Arterial Pressure and bleeding volume, while the dependent variable is the NIHSS score (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale). This study conducted an analysis using Spearman's.Results: : The results of this study indicate that there is no significant relationship between bleeding volume and NIHSS score (p = 0,157, r = 0,228) and there is no significant relationship between MAP and NIHSS score (p = 0,268, r = -0,179)Conclusion: There is no statistically significant relationship between Mean Arterial Pressure and bleeding volume with the NIHSS scoreKeywords: Mean Arterial Pressure, Bleeding Volume, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, Intracerebral Hemorrhage
The Relationship between Body Image with Eating Disorder in Medical Student
Authors: Natarijadi Devina Nahama , Hadiati Titis
Published: June 2022

Background: Adolescence is a critical stage when a person experiences a fast and significant changes in their physic, cognitive, emotion and social. This changes affect their body image. Body image dissatisfaction leads them to do anything, even by changing their eating behaviour, to have a body goal. This behaviour can leads to an eating disorder.Objective: To know the relationship between body image perception with the incidence of eating disorders in medical students.Methods: An observational study with a cross sectional design on 240 students of the Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University 2019 using the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scale (MBSRQ-AS) test for scoring the body image and Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26) for scoring the eating disorder.Results : Body image perception, Negative evaluation appearance 148 persons (61,67%). Negative appearance orientation 199 persons (82.91%). Negative body area satisfaction 167 persons (69,58%). Negative overweight preoccupation 137 persons (57,08%). Negative self-classified weight 102 persons (42,50%). Eating disorders, 19 persons (7,9%) had risk of eating disorders. Positive appearance orientation had a significant effect on the incidence of eating disorders. p < 0,05, OR = 3, dan CI95% = 0.115 – 0.848. Positive overweight preoccupation had a significant effect on the incident of eating disorders. p < 0,05, OR = 4 , dan CI95% = 0.084 - 0.692.Conclusion: There is relation between body image on appearance orientation subscale and overweight preoccupation subscale with eating disorders.Keywords : adolescence, body image, eating disorder
DIFFERENCES IN EMPATHY LEVEL BETWEEN JUNIOR AND SENIOR RESIDENTS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY, DR. KARIADI HOSPITAL, SEMARANG
Authors: Santosa Tatyana , Bhima Sigid Kirana Lintang , Haryanto Julia Ike , Hadiati Titis
Published: June 2022

Background: The doctor-patient relationship has an important role in determining the diagnosis and patient management. In communicating with patients, as a doctor must show high empathy for patients. Therefore, it is important to assess the level of empathy for patients with Junior and Senior residents for patients. Aim: Understand the differences in the level of empathy towards patients with junior and senior residents at the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang. Method: Observational study with cross sectional design. The total sample size was 99 consisting of 35 junior residents and 64 senior residents. Nominal scale data, namely 35 junior residents and 64 senior residents were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, while the interval scale data, namely the level of empathy, was analyzed using the unpaired t test. Results: Based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. data distribution is normal (p = 0.091). In the unpaired t test, there was no significant difference (p = 0.501) between the level of resident education and the value of empathy. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the education level of residents at the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang with the value of empathy, but from the value there is a decrease. Keywords: level of empathy; Junior residents; Senior residents; The Jefferson's Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE).