bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of international marketing capabilities in dynamic capabilities view – calibrating research on international dynamic marketing capabilities
Authors: Pfajfar Gregor , Mitręga Maciej , Shoham Aviv
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study aims to conduct a thorough literature review to map current studies on international marketing capabilities (IMCs) applying dynamic capabilities view (DCV). The aim of this study is to increase the chances for more conceptual and terminological rigor in future research in this particular research area.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a systematic literature review following the established review process of reviews in leading (international) marketing journals. A multilevel analytical approach was adopted, combining inductive coding with deductive coding and following the logic of antecedents-phenomena-consequences.

Findings

Synthesis of 20 rigorously selected previous empirical studies on IMCs applying DCV reveals that academic interest in these capabilities is well justified and growing and there are some well researched antecedents to focal capabilities (e.g. inter-organizational capabilities, outside-in market orientation) as well as their prevalent consequences (e.g. export and innovation performance). There is little knowledge of moderators to these links, especially with regard to consequences. This review illustrates that the current research lacks consistency in how key constructs are defined and measured, provides the guide to future conceptualization and measurement of so-called International Dynamic Marketing Capabilities (IDMCs) and proposes some concrete research directions.

Originality/value

The authors extend prior research in the investigated topic by critically evaluating prior works, providing improved conceptualization of IDMCs as well as concrete research agenda for IDMCs structured along recommendations for Theory, Context and Methods (TCM framework).
Understanding the implications of value co-creation in eco-hotels: the antecedents and consequences
Authors: Esawe Ahmed Taher , Esawe Karim Taher , Esawe Narges Taher
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study aims to investigate value co-creation, its antecedents (i.e. customer delight and place identity) and the consequences (i.e. satisfaction and revisit intention) at eco-hotels concerning sustainable practices.

Design/methodology/approach

Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze the data collected from 562 guests surveyed online who had stayed and contributed to sustainable practices through interaction and collaboration with eco-hotels.

Findings

The results revealed that customer delight and place identity are critical antecedents of value co-creation, significantly influencing guests' intention to revisit. Further, value co-creation significantly influences satisfaction and revisits intention. Satisfaction significantly influenced revisit intentions. Moreover, customer delight was the most critical factor affecting value co-creation, followed by the path between value co-creation and satisfaction. Finally, the results confirmed the mediating role of value co-creation and satisfaction.

Practical implications

This research can support hotel managers in comprehending the motivating factors and outcomes of value co-creation among guests, allowing efficient hotel strategies to be planned and implemented. Managers should prioritize customer delight and place identity to maintain guests' involvement in value co-creation, resulting in satisfaction and a willingness to return.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature by tackling the scarcity of research on the significance of value co-creation, its drivers and outcomes at eco-hotels concerning sustainable practices within an emerging market context.
Corruption at country and corporate levels: impacts on environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance of Chinese listed firms
Authors: Wei Haitian , Mohd-Rashid Rasidah , Ooi Chai-Aun
Published: September 2023

Purpose

As a consequence of the proposal of the Carbon Neutral and Carbon Peak policy in 2020, the Chinese Government is paying more attention to developing sustainability performance. This study aims to assess the direct influence of country-level and corporate anti-corruption measures on environmental, social and governance (ESG) and its three dimensions, besides ascertaining the moderating role of firm size.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used the system generalized method of moments on a sample of 820 Chinese listed firms from 2012 to 2021.

Findings

The findings show that country-level and corporate corruption negatively affect ESG performance. Corporate anti-corruption measures have a more pronounced positive influence on the sustainability performance of small firms than large firms due to the limited resources, lower political position and weaker refusal power of small firms.

Research limitations/implications

The study has great implications for governments, corporate boards and ESG rating agencies. Government and corporate boards should mitigate the risks of country-level and corporate corruption to attain sustainable development goals. Rating agencies should add country-level and corporate corruption into the ESG evaluation system.

Originality/value

Some empirical results have proven that anti-corruption measures help reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, but few evidence shows how country-level and corporate corruption affect ESG and its three dimensions.
The legal-criminal aspects of Iran’s anti-money laundering law in light of the FATF recommendations
Authors: Malakouti Khah Zeynab , Khalili Paji Aref
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine Iran’s anti-money laundering (AML) system from a legal and criminal perspective and to understand the obstacles for international cooperation and the extent to which it aligns with financial action task force (FATF) standards. In this regard, three aspects are examined, namely, enforcement and guarantees of preventive measures, penalty for ML offences and the burden of proof.

Design/methodology/approach

This subject is examined through the legal–criminal perspective, which concentrates on the effectiveness of legal measures in tackling criminal issues by focusing on criminal law. The legal–criminal viewpoint considers criminal behaviour as a breach of societal norms and strives to combat it through legal channels.

Findings

Iran’s AML laws and regulations are partially compliant with the financial action task force (FATF) recommendations. However, the main obstacle is not the lack of sufficient laws, rather the lack of proper implementation of these laws. In addition, there are foundational shortages, such as the absence of a national risk document to guide an action based on current risks.

Originality/value

No comprehensive study has analysed Iran’s AML laws, referring to the three main aspects of enforcement and guarantees of preventive measures, penalties for ML offenses and the burden of proof. In general, there are few research papers on Iran’s AML laws owing to Iran’s high ranking in ML/TF. However, analysing Iran’s regulations can be helpful in taking a step towards effective international AML practices.
The effect of prosocial orientation on CSR scope: the moderating role of the CSR department
Authors: Youm Yoo Na , Lee Jin Young , Lee Chong Kyoon
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Considering that corporate social responsibility (CSR) addresses a wide range of claims from multiple stakeholders, companies must determine their CSR scope. This paper aims to examine what factors influence a firm’s decision in its scope of CSR. In exploring what factors influence CSR scope, the authors examine the relationship between a firm’s prosocial orientation and CSR and further examine its boundary conditions by the existence of CSR department.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a data set – the Social Value Survey – administered by the Center for Social Value Enhancement Studies based in the context of Korean firms. Based on 86 firm responses, statistical models were performed to test hypotheses.

Findings

The findings show that a firm’s prosocial orientation is positively associated with CSR scope. Further, this study shows that there is a negative moderating effect of the CSR department for the relationship between the prosocial orientation and CSR scope.

Originality/value

This study attempts to contribute to the extensive line of work on the antecedents of CSR by exploring the simultaneous existence of various drivers of CSR and the interplay between the drivers. And this study enhances the understanding on what factors influence the decision of CSR scope within a complex system of diverse stakeholder relationships. Additionally, this study has potentially shed light on the role of CSR departments to determine CSR scope.
Linking physiology and climate to infer species distributions in Australian skinks
Authors: Anderson Rodolfo O. , Tingley Reid , Hoskin Conrad J. , White Craig R. , Chapple David G.
Published: September 2023

Climate has a key impact on animal physiology, which in turn can have a profound influence on geographic distributions. Yet, the mechanisms linking climate, physiology and distribution are not fully resolved.

Using an integrative framework, we tested the predictions of the climatic variability hypothesis (CVH), which states that species with broader distributions have broader physiological tolerance than range‐restricted species, in a group ofLampropholisskinks (8 species, 196 individuals) along a latitudinal gradient in eastern Australia. We investigated several physiological aspects including metabolism, water balance, thermal physiology, thermoregulatory behaviour and ecological performance.

Additionally, to test whether organismal information (e.g. behaviour and physiology) can enhance distribution models, hence providing evidence that physiology and climate interact to shape range sizes, we tested whether species distribution models incorporating physiology better predict the range sizes than models using solely climatic layers.

In agreement with the CVH, our results confirm that widespread species can tolerate and perform better at broader temperature ranges than range‐restricted species. We also found differences in field body temperatures, but not thermal preference, between widespread and range‐restricted species. However, metabolism and water balance did not correlate with range size.

Biophysical modelling revealed that the incorporation of physiological and behavioural data improves predictions ofLampropholisdistributions compared with models based solely on macroclimatic inputs, but mainly for range‐restricted species.

By integrating several aspects of the physiology and niche modelling of a group of ectothermic animals, our study provides evidence that physiology correlates with species distributions. Physiological responses to climate are central in establishing geographic ranges of skinks, and the incorporation of processes occurring at local scales (e.g. behaviour) can improve species distribution models.
Dyslexia as ‘paradox’
Authors: Collinson Craig
Published: September 2023

This article is written by a dyslexic scholar in opposition to the psychological discourse on dyslexia. The methodological approach adopted is ordinary language philosophy; I argue that dyslexia is a paradoxical concept. As such, dyslexia as a concept lacks clarity and cohesion. The alternative concept of Lexism (the Othering of and discrimination against dyslexics by normative practices and assumptions of literacy) is a more helpful concept for those who wish to understand the nature of a dyslexic's existence.
BLOCOS URBANISM: Capitalism and Modularity in the Making of Contemporary Luanda
Authors: Cardoso Ricardo , Chen Jia‐Ching , Ernstson Henrik
Published: September 2023

In this article we portray and unpack the fabric of urban expansion in contemporary Luanda. In doing so, we examine interdependencies and complementarities between the organization of oil extraction off the coast of Angola, the emergence of particular modalities of modernist city planning for the expansion of its capital city, and the proliferation of cement blocks in the making of new urban forms throughout its burgeoning peripheries. By showing how urban development has unfolded through the interconnected realization of multiple kinds of systematizing blocks—namely oil blocks, city blocks and cement blocks—we analyse key material components in the production of new markets and urban spaces in the Angolan capital. By tracing forms of capitalism and modularity in the making of contemporary Luanda, we develop the concept of blocos urbanism to draw attention to modes of standardization and the production of legibility in contemporary processes of urbanization. Through this study, we aim to contribute to the conceptual apparatus for deciphering our global urban condition.
Mother's age at menarche is associated with odds of preterm delivery: A case–control study
Authors: Chen Yingan , Zhang Mingyu , Wang Guoying , Hong Xiumei , Wang Xiaobin , Mueller Noel T.
Published: September 2023

Objective

There is a secular trend towards earlier age of menarche in the US and globally. Earlier age at menarche (AAM) has been associated with metabolic disorders that increase risk for preterm delivery (PTD), yet no studies in the US have investigated whether AAM influences risk of PTD. This study tested the hypothesis that AAM is associated with PTD.

Design

A case–control study.

Setting

The Boston Medical Center (BMC) in Boston, Massachusetts.

Population or Sample

8264 mother‐newborn dyads enrolled at birth at BMC between 1998 and 2019, of which 2242 mothers had PTD (cases) and 6022 did not have PTD (controls).

Methods

Multivariable‐adjusted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to examine the association between AAM and risk of PTD. The combined impact of AAM and age at delivery on the risk of PTD was also examined.

Main Outcome Measures

Preterm delivery and gestational age (GA) was defined by maternal last menstrual period and early ultrasound documented in medical records.

Results

Maternal age at delivery was 28.1 ± 6.5 years and AAM was 12.85 ± 1.86 years. Multivariable‐adjusted cubic spline suggested an inverse dose–response association of AAM with odds of PTD and, consistently, a positive association with GA. A 1‐year earlier AAM was associated with 5% (95% CI 2%–8%) higher odds of PTD, after adjustment for maternal year of birth, parity, maternal place of birth, education, smoking status and Mediterranean‐style diet score. The association between AAM and PTD was stronger among older mothers whose age at delivery was ≥35 years.

Conclusions

Earlier AAM is associated with higher odds for PTD, and this association is stronger among women at advanced reproductive age.
Where does the gadolinium go? A review into the excretion and retention of intravenous gadolinium
Authors: Sharma Pranav , Cheng Jeffrey , Coulthard Alan
Published: September 2023

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) are commonly used in medical imaging. Most intravenously (IV) administered gadolinium is excreted via the kidneys, and pathological retention in renal failure leading to nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is well described. More recently, retention of gadolinium in the body in the absence of renal disease has been identified, with unknown clinical consequences. Many patients are aware of this, either through the media or via comprehensive consent documentation. Some internet sites, without hard evidence, have suggested a constellation of possible symptoms associated with GBCA retention. Recent experience with patients ascribing symptoms to a contrast‐enhanced MRI examination prompted this review of the fate of injected GBCA after MRI study, and of information available to patients online regarding gadolinium retention.
Cost‐effectiveness of alginic acid in combination with proton pump inhibitor for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis patients
Authors: Foocharoen Chingching , Kingkaew Pritaporn , Teerawattananon Yot , Mahakkanukrauh Ajanee , Suwannaroj Siraphop , Manasirisuk Witsarut , Chaiyarit Jitjira , Sangchan Apichat
Published: September 2023

Background

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients often become refractory to proton pump inhibitors (PPI)—a standard treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)—and intolerant to PPI in combination with domperidone. PPI with alginic acid is an alternative treatment option, but alginic acid is costly.

Objectives

We compared the costs and effectiveness of alginic acid plus PPI versus standard treatments (PPI with/without antacids as needed and lifestyle modifications) for GERD in SSc patients unsuitable for, or intolerant to, domperidone.

Methods

An economic evaluation using the Markov model was conducted among SSc patients aged between 40 and 65 years with GERD, having a partial or non‐response to 4 weeks of standard‐dose omeprazole (40 mg/day) and being unsuitable for or intolerant to domperidone. Using a societal perspective, we computed the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs) in terms of Thai baht (THB) per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY) between a combination of alginic acid plus PPI and standard treatment for GERD. The lifetime time horizon was used.

Results

The ICER for alginic acid plus PPI versus standard treatments was 377 101 THB/QALY. According to the one‐way sensitivity analysis, the cost of alginic acid was the most impactful parameter. If the market prices of alginic acid plus PPI were reduced by 61%, this treatment option would become cost‐effective at the willingness‐to‐pay threshold of 160 000 THB/QALY (34.68 THB/USD data on 25 May 2023). Furthermore, if alginic acid were included in the public health insurance program, the national budget would be increased by 66 313 THB per patient, resulting in an overall budget increase of 5 106 101 to 8 885 942 THB compared with the standard treatment.

Conclusions

Alginic acid plus PPI does not represent good value for money compared with the standard treatment among such SSc patients in Thailand unless its price is reduced significantly.
Blind shots: non‐natural mortality counteracts conservation efforts of a threatened waterbird
Authors: Pérez‐García J. M. , Sebastián‐González E. , Rodríguez‐Caro R. , Sanz‐Aguilar A. , Botella F.
Published: September 2023

Waterbirds are particularly affected by the high hunting pressure they face in many regions, which in some cases is compromising conservation actions for threatened species. The marbled teal Marmaronetta angustirostris is one of the most endangered waterbirds in Europe. In order to restore its population, several conservation actions have recently been undertaken, including a population reinforcement programme in Spain using captive‐bred birds. With the aim of assessing the success of the reinforcement programme to establish a long‐term self‐sustaining population, we identified mortality causes of marbled teal, evaluated the survival of individual birds of the reinforcement programme and estimated the viability of the population under different management scenarios. We used data from wild and captive‐bred individuals tracked by GPS since 2018 (n = 42) and from a mark–recapture programme initiated in 2015 (n = 297). We recovered 15 dead birds or transmitters: 20% died of natural causes, 60% of non‐natural causes (including all anthropic causes) and 20% of unknown causes. Furthermore, the GPS tags of 24 birds unexpectedly stopped transmitting without any indication of malfunction, and for 66.7% of these disappeared birds, the cessation was suspected to be caused by illegal shooting. Survival during the hunting season was higher for males (31.3%) than for females (12.5%), and for the wild (50%) than for the captive‐bred birds (9.4%), probably due to differences in migration patterns to North Africa. Population viability models revealed that maintaining the breeding population at the current mortality rates is only possible with a permanent release programme of captive‐bred individuals, and that in order to establish a self‐sustaining population, non‐natural mortality would have to be reduced by at least 40%. We recommend management measures to reduce marbled teal mortality, such as limiting legal hunting to hours with clear visibility, prosecuting illegal shootings, controlling exotic predators and improving water management to reduce disease outbreaks. Some improvements can be implemented in captive‐breeding programmes, such as earlier release times and incorporating anti‐predator training.
Threat analysis of modelled potential migratory routes forMiniopterus natalensisin South Africa
Authors: Pretorius Mariëtte , Broders Hugh , Keith Mark
Published: September 2023

Migrant cave‐dwelling insectivores that rely on specific caves for maternity and hibernation, like the Natal long‐fingered batsMiniopterus natalensisin South Africa, may be at particular risk of population decline in an urbanising world. As a step towards the conservation of caves and cave‐dwelling bats in South Africa, this study aimed to (i) broadly identify the number of caves used by bats (any species) and specificallyM. natalensis, throughout South Africa, (ii) investigate the number of maternity and hibernacula roosts currently known forM. natalensis, (iii) assess the number of caves located in formal protected areas, (iv) determine potential migration paths/corridors between hibernacula and maternity sites and (v) evaluate the potential threats (like onshore wind facilities) along potential migratory routes. A meta‐analysis of scientific literature and websites was conducted to identify caves throughout South Africa and locations of maternity and hibernacula roosts forM. natalensis. Roosts were assessed to determine whether (i) they were located in protected areas, (ii) they were used for eco‐tourism and (iii) the distance to primary roads and onshore wind energy facilities. Next, likely migratory paths were modelled between maternity and hibernacula sites using least‐cost path analysis and the threats along potential routes were investigated. A total of 92 caves were identified, 50 were reported to contain bats.M. natalensiswere recorded in 37 caves, and of those, only 9% are currently located inside protected areas. A total of 12 least‐cost paths were modelled, and various paths intersected potential threat risk elements. Our analysis provides the first description of the potential migration corridors forM. natalensisin South Africa, as well as the current conservation status of bat‐inhabited caves. For a developing country set to experience increased urbanisation pressures, this study highlights the need for conservation measures for South African caves and the dependent bats.
Morphometric relationships in mesio‐buccal roots of maxillary first molars in Saudi subpopulation: A CBCT study
Authors: Srivastava Swati , Aldakhail Noura Suliman , Javed Muhammad Qasim
Published: September 2023

This CBCT‐based study analysed morphometric relationships in Mesio‐Buccal (MB) roots of maxillary first molars (MFM). 133 MFM with two MB canals were assessed and classified using Vertucci's classification. MB roots' length and MB1‐MB2 canals inter‐orifice distances (IOD) were noted. The data were analysed using SPSS software. The most frequently present canal was type IV (59.4%) followed by type II (40.6%). Mean MB roots' length for canals exhibiting type IV was 9.26 ± 0.21 mm and of those exhibiting type II was 12.8 ± 0.42 mm. Statistically significant relationship was found between MB root length and canal type. Mean IOD for type II and type IV canals was 2.4 ± 0.47 and 3.8 ± 0.21 mm, respectively. Statistically significant relationship was found between IOD and canal type. Length of MB root and IOD had a significant association with canal type present in MFM. This knowledge can enhance clinicians' understanding of canal morphology which can increase predictability and success rate of endodontic treatment.
Contesting educational imaginaries at the intersection of migration and transnational development in Guatemala
Authors: Nichols Briana
Published: September 2023

Drawing on 18 months of ethnographic engagement in Guatemala with Indigenous youth, local community organizations, and transnational nongovernmental organizations, this article examines how young people imagine and work toward alternative futures at the intersection of extensive migration and a developmentalist push for educational attainment. I show how, within the development infrastructures generated by migration, contrasting futures are rendered, with concerns over education being a key site for this imaginative and future‐oriented work.
Seasonal variations of testis anatomy and of G‐coupled oestrogen receptor 1 expression in Gerbillus gerbillus
Authors: Fernini Meriem , Menad Rafik , Belhocine Mansouria , Lakabi Lynda , Smaï Souaâd , Gernigon‐Spychalowicz Thérèse , Khammar Farida , Bonnet Xavier , Exbrayat Jean‐Marie , Moudilou Elara
Published: September 2023

The gerbil, Gerbillus gerbillus, a nocturnal desert rodent of northern Africa, exhibits a seasonal reproductive cycle with marked anatomical and behavioural shifts between breeding season and resting season. The aim of this study is to investigate key elements involved in these seasonal changes, specifically in males: the histology of the testis as well as the expression of the G‐protein‐coupled oestrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in the testis. During the breeding season, the seminiferous tubules were full of spermatozoa, and their epithelium contained germinal cells embedded in Sertoli cells. Amidst tubules, well‐developed Leydig cells were observed around blood vessels, with peritubular myoid cells providing structural and dynamic support to the tubules. GPER1 was largely expressed throughout the testis. Notably, Leydig cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes showed strong immunohistochemical signals. Sertoli cells, spermatozoa and peritubular myoid cells were moderately stained. During the resting season, spermatogenesis was blocked at the spermatocyte stage, spermatids and spermatozoa were absent and the interstitial space was reduced. The weight of the testis decreased significantly. At this stage, GPER1 was found in Leydig cells, spermatocytes and peritubular myoid cells. Sertoli cells and spermatogonia were not marked. Overall, the testis of the gerbil, Gerbillus gerbillus, has undergone noticeable histological, cellular and weight changes between seasons. In addition, the seasonal expression pattern of GPER1, with pronounced differences between resting season and breeding season, indicates that this receptor is involved in the regulation of the reproductive cycle.
Challenge‐verified thresholds for allergens mandatory for labeling: How little is too much for the most sensitive patient?
Authors: Mortz Charlotte G. , Eller Esben , Garvik Olav Sivertsen , Kjaer Henrik Fomsgaard , Zuberbier Torsten , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten
Published: September 2023

Background

It is mandatory to label food products with the 14 main allergens in the EU. Reasonable allergen labeling requires knowledge of population‐based thresholds derived from food challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the threshold‐distribution in clinically verified food allergic patients for allergens mandatory for labeling.

Methods

All positive open oral food challenges and double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) performed at the Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Denmark (2000–2022) were included. For each included challenge, the cumulative threshold (LOAEL) was obtained and NOAEL estimated. Data were modelled as an interval censored log‐normal distribution.

Results

Overall, 38 of all 2612 challenges (1.5%) in 1229 patients (717 male, 986 children) reacted to <5 mg protein. The majority of the most sensitive patients reacted with a Sampson severity score of 2–3. Using interval censored log‐normal models only five groups (hens´ egg, fish, peanut, milk, tree‐nuts) elicited reactions after ingestion of 0.5 mg protein and in low frequencies of the population. Hen's egg was the most potent allergen, with reactivity to <0.5 mg protein in 0.24% [0.13–0.44%] of egg allergic patients while the estimated fraction of allergic patients reacting to a eliciting dose on 0.5 mg protein for most other allergens were below 0.04%.

Conclusion

Our data demonstrates that the majority of food allergic patients as expected tolerating traces of allergenic foods without developing severe allergic symptoms and signs. Hen's egg appears to be the food most likely to elicit reactions in the most sensitive individuals at very low doses.
Letter: placebo run‐in for IBS clinical trials ‐ is it useful? Authors' reply
Authors: Hamatani Tatsuto , Fukudo Shin , Nakada Yosuke , Inada Hiroshi , Kazumori Kiyoyasu , Miwa Hiroto
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Hamatani et al and Bosman and Keszthelyi papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15907 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16027
Letter: liver involvement and mortality in COVID‐19 patients – authors' reply
Authors: Ponziani Francesca Romana , Del Zompo Fabio , Nesci Antonio , Santopaolo Francesco , Ianiro Gianluca , Gasbarrini Antonio , Pompili Maurizio ,   “Gemelli against COVID‐19” group
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Ponziani et al and Lv et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15996 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16052
Letter: sex disparity in prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after resection
Authors: Deng Zhu‐Jian , Liu Hao‐Tian , Gong Wen‐Feng , Xiang Bang‐De , Zhong Jian‐Hong
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Rich et al paper. To view these article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15917
Letter: synergistic role of gut flora with aspirin to prevent colorectal cancers
Authors: Li Shuling , Peng Fei , Hua Li , Xue Lei
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Prizment et al and papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16013 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16141
Editorial: is age just a number when it comes to treatment of inflammatory bowel disease?
Authors: Ma Christopher , Singh Siddharth , Heatherington Joan , Panaccione Remo
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Asscher et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16073 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16106
Editorial: is age just a number when it comes to treatment of inflammatory bowel disease? Authors' reply
Authors: Asscher Vera E. R. , Biemans Vince B. C. , Hoentjen Frank , Maljaars P. W. Jeroen ,   the Dutch Initiative on Crohn and Colitis (ICC)
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Asscher et al and Ma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16073 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16098
Letter: intestinal microbiota transfer—updating the nomenclature to increase acceptability
Authors: Craven Laura J. , McIlroy James R. , Mullish Benjamin H. , Marchesi Julian R.
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Lai et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15116
Pharmacodynamics of tegoprazan and revaprazan after single and multiple oral doses in healthy subjects
Authors: Sunwoo Jung , Ji Sang Chun , Oh Jaeseong , Ban Mu Seong , Nam Ji Yeon , Kim Bongtae , Song Geun Seog , Yu Kyung‐Sang , Jang In‐Jin , Lee SeungHwan
Published: September 2023

Background

Potassium‐competitive acid blockers (P‐CABs) are emerging as novel treatments for acid‐related disorders including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Tegoprazan and revaprazan are approved P‐CABs in South Korea, but the pharmacodynamics and safety/tolerability of the two drugs have never been compared.

Aims

To evaluate the pharmacodynamics and safety/tolerability of tegoprazan and revaprazan after single and multiple oral doses

Methods

A randomised, open‐label, active‐controlled study was conducted in Helicobacter pylori‐negative healthy Korean male subjects. Tegoprazan 50 mg or revaprazan 200 mg was administered orally, once daily for 7 days; 24‐h intragastric pH monitoring and serum gastrin were measured for pharmacodynamic evaluation. Safety parameters including serum microRNA‐122 (miR‐122) level were also collected.

Results

After a single dose, the %Time pH ≥4 for tegoprazan was greater than that for revaprazan (54.5% vs 25.1%). After multiple doses, the %Time pH ≥4 for tegoprazan was also greater than that for revaprazan (68.2% vs 25.3%). %Time pH ≥4 during 12 hours at nighttime for tegoprazan was greater than that for revaprazan (71.8% vs 31.9%). The changes in the serum gastrin were not clinically significant for either drug. Despite the slight increases of serum miR‐122 for each drug, tegoprazan and revaprazan were well tolerated considering other safety parameters including AST and ALT levels.

Conclusion

Tegoprazan 50 mg showed stronger gastric acid suppression than revaorazan 200 mg. Both drugs were well tolerated.
Letter: faecal microbiota transplantation for irritable bowel syndrome—which improvements are required? Authors' reply
Authors: Perttu Lahtinen , Jonna Jalanka , Anna Hartikainen , Eero Mattila , Markku Hillilä , Jari Punkkinen , Jari Koskenpato , Veli‐Jukka Anttila , Jyrki Tillonen , Reetta Satokari , Perttu Arkkila
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Lahtinen et al and El‐Salhy et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15942 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16112
NUDT15 C415T variant compared with TPMT genotyping in predicting azathioprine‐induced leucopenia: prospective analysis of 1014 inflammatory bowel disease patients in India
Authors: Banerjee Rupa , Ravikanth Vishnubhotla Venkata , Pal Partha , Bale Govardhan , Avanthi Urmila Steffie , Goren Idan , Girish B. Ganesh , Mitnala Sasikala , Reddy D. Nageshwar
Published: September 2023

Background

Recent studies reported that Nudix Hydrolase 15(NUDT 15) gene variant (C415T) can better predict thiopurine induced leucopenia in Asian patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than thiopurine S‐methyl transferase (TPMT).

Aim

To evaluate the role of the NUDT variant compared with TPMT in predicting azathioprine induced leucopenia in Indian IBD patients.

Methods

Prospectively collected data of consecutive patients treated with azathioprine from a large IBD registry were analysed for side effects, discontinuation time, and initial and maximum dose tolerated. Genotyping of NUDT15 C415T (rs116855232; p.R139C) was carried out retrieving blood samples from bio‐repository employing real time polymerase chain reaction with age and sex‐matched healthy volunteers. The association of NUDT15 C415T with leucopenia (<3 × 109/L) and neutropenia (<1.5 × 109/L) was evaluated. TPMT genotyping was done in patients who developed leucopenia.

Results

Among 1014 patients (mean age 35.84 ± 12.74 years; 61% males; 54% ulcerative colitis, 44% Crohn's disease and 2% IBD‐unclassified), 79 were excluded due to inadequate blood samples. Of the remaining 935, 81 (9%) developed leucopenia and 70 (7.5%) developed neutropenia. The variant “T” allele [heterozygous (CT) and homozygous (TT) versus wild type (CC)] was associated with a 19‐fold higher odds (OR19.35, 95% CI11.55‐32.42; P < 0.0001) of leucopenia and 21‐fold higher odds of neutropenia (OR21.41, 95% CI12.25‐37.41). There was significant difference in median dose tolerated between CC, CT and TT (1.35, 1.38 and 0.92 mg/kg body weight, respectively) (P = 0.037) and median duration of therapy (18, 15 and 10 months for CC/CT/TT) (P = 0.003). NUDT15 genotype was an independent risk factor for leucopenia (hazard ratio (HR): CT 11.31, 95% CI6.85‐18.03, P < 0.0001 and TT 31.283, 95% CI14.76‐66.30 compared to CC) and neutropenia (HR: CT 13.04, 95% CI7.65‐22.22, P < 0.0001 and TT 43.39, 95% CI20.21‐92.68 compared to CC). The sensitivities for predicting leucopenia and neutropenia by number of mutant NUDT 15 alleles based on additive predictive model were 66.67% and 70% with a receptor operator characteristic curve area under curve value of 0.791 and 0.807, respectively. Among patients with leucopenia, only 6.2% were heterozygous and none were homozygous for TPMT variants.

Conclusion

NUDT15 variant genotyping appears to be a better predictor for azathioprine‐induced leucopenia in an Indian population than TPMT with high accuracy and can be useful in optimizing azathioprine dosage.
Latent Factor Model for Multivariate Functional Data
Authors: Li Ruonan , Xiao Luo
Published: September 2023

For multivariate functional data, a functional latent factor model is proposed, extending the traditional latent factor model for multivariate data. The proposed model uses unobserved stochastic processes to induce the dependence among the different functions, and thus, for a large number of functions, may provide a more parsimonious and interpretable characterization of the otherwise complex dependencies between the functions. Sufficient conditions are provided to establish the identifiability of the proposed model. The performance of the proposed model is assessed through simulation studies and an application to electroencephalography data.
How do self‐advocates use community development to change attitudes to disability?
Authors: Robinson Sally , Idle Jan , Fisher Karen R. , Reedy Kathleen , Newman Christy , Purcal Christiane , Giuntoli Gianfranco , Byrne Sarah , Nankivell Ruby , Burner Gavin , Touzeau Rebeka , Adam Tim , Armstrong Paige
Published: September 2023

Background

Negative attitudes remain a major barrier to the equality of people with disability, especially when coupled with the lack of autonomy imposed on many people. This paper analyses how disability self‐advocacy groups seek to change community attitudes and work towards systemic change by mobilising knowledge from their lived experience.

Methods

The paper applies a cycle of praxis community development approach (a cycle of experience, learning and reflection, synthesis and planning, and implementation and review) to conceptualise and analyse their activities. The methods were a desktop document search, focus groups and reflective analysis with members of two self‐advocacy groups.

Findings

A synthesised data analysis found that applying the four‐part community development framework was useful to understand the practice and the purpose of work by self‐advocacy groups to change attitudes. The analysis also demonstrates the benefits for advocates and codesigned activities to intentionally apply the cycle of praxis model to guide their future efforts to change attitudes.

Conclusions

The research provides evidence that self‐advocacy groups achieve sustained impacts on attitudes in the community, beyond the direct benefit to their members. Government investment in self‐advocacy has potential to leverage wider system change in attitudes to achieve policy goals for the rights of people with disability. Methodologically, the research also has implications for the benefit of inclusive roles in reflective analysis to understand the lived experience of how practices contribute to system change. The design is an opportunity for inclusive researchers to intentionally incorporate reflective analysis into research processes.
Efficacy and safety of cetagliptin as monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase 3 trial
Authors: Ji Linong , Lu Jinmiao , Gao Leili , Ying Changjiang , Sun Jiao , Han Jie , Zhao Wenhua , Gao Yunming , Wang Kun , Zheng Xin , Xie Daosheng , Ding Juping , Zhao Jiahong , Yu Qiang , Wang Tong
Published: September 2023

Aim

To assess the efficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor, cetagliptin, as monotherapy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inadequate glycaemic control.

Materials and Methods

In total, 504 eligible patients with T2D were enrolled and randomized to cetagliptin 50 mg once daily, cetagliptin 100 mg once daily or placebo at a ratio of 2:2:1 for 24 weeks of double‐blind treatment, then all patients received cetagliptin 100 mg once daily for 28 weeks of open‐label treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in HbA1c level from baseline at week 24.

Results

After 24 weeks, HbA1c from baseline was significantly reduced with cetagliptin 50 mg (−1.08%) and cetagliptin 100 mg (−1.07%) compared with placebo (−0.35%). The placebo‐subtracted HbA1c reduction was −0.72% with cetagliptin 50 mg and 100 mg. Patients with a baseline HbA1c of 8.5% or higher had a greater HbA1c reduction with cetagliptin than those patients with a baseline HbA1c of less than 8.5%. Both doses studied led to a significantly higher proportion of patients (42.3% with 100 mg and 45.0% with 50 mg) achieving an HbA1c of less than 7.0% compared with placebo (12.9%). Cetagliptin also significantly lowered fasting plasma glucose and 2‐hour postmeal plasma glucose relative to placebo. The incidence of adverse experiences was similar between cetagliptin and placebo. No drug‐related hypoglycaemia was reported.

Conclusions

Cetagliptin monotherapy was effective and well tolerated in Chinese patients with T2D who had inadequate glycaemic control on exercise and diet.
Busulfan induces steatosis in HepaRG cells but not in primary human hepatocytes: Possible explanations and implication for the prediction of drug‐induced liver injury
Authors: Allard Julien , Bucher Simon , Ferron Pierre‐Jean , Launay Youenn , Fromenty Bernard
Published: September 2023

Background

The antineoplastic drug busulfan can induce different hepatic lesions including cholestasis and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. However, hepatic steatosis has never been reported in patients.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine whether busulfan could induce steatosis in primary human hepatocytes (PHH) and differentiated HepaRG cells.

Methods

Neutral lipids were determined in PHH and HepaRG cells. Mechanistic investigations were performed in HepaRG cells by measuring metabolic fluxes linked to lipid homeostasis, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Analysis of two previous transcriptomic datasets was carried out.

Results

Busulfan induced lipid accumulation in HepaRG cells but not in six different batches of PHH. In HepaRG cells, busulfan impaired VLDL secretion, increased fatty acid uptake, and induced ER stress. Transcriptomic data analysis and decreased GSH levels suggested that busulfan‐induced steatosis might be linked to the high expression of glutathione S‐transferase (GST) isoenzyme A1, which is responsible for the formation of the hepatotoxic sulfonium cation conjugate. In keeping with this, the GST inhibitor ethacrynic acid and the chemical chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid alleviated busulfan‐induced lipid accumulation in HepaRG cells supporting the role of the sulfonium cation conjugate and ER stress in steatosis.

Conclusion

While the HepaRG cell line is an invaluable tool for pharmacotoxicological studies, it might not be always an appropriate model to predict and mechanistically investigate drug‐induced liver injury. Hence, we recommend carrying out toxicological investigations in both HepaRG cells and PHH to avoid drawing wrong conclusions on the potential hepatotoxicity of drugs and other xenobiotics.
Motivation to learn Czech as L4+: Erasmus students' perspective
Authors: Převrátilová Silvie
Published: September 2023

The Challenge

Motivation in language learning is an extensively discussed topic, but little has been said about learning a small language and the primary sources of motivation to learn it as L4+. How is learning Czech different from learning a large world language? What are the classroom implications?
Colour‐blind racial attitudes in entry‐level dental hygiene students in Virginia
Authors: Ludwig Emily , Suedbeck Jessica
Published: September 2023

Objective

Subscribing to colour‐blind racial attitudes may contribute to inequities in the delivery of oral care and affect treatment of diverse patients. The purpose of this study was to survey all entry‐level dental hygiene students in one state to determine colour‐blind racial attitudes.

Methods

After IRB approval, a convenience sample of 220 dental hygiene students in all entry‐level programmes in Virginia were invited to participate in this cross‐sectional study. The Colour‐Blind Racial Attitudes Scale (CoBRAS), an effective, validated measuring instrument, was used to quantify unawareness of contemporary racist ideals. Three subscales (Racial Privilege, Institutional Discrimination and Blatant Racial Issues) were also measured by the survey. Descriptive statistics, separate one‐way between‐subjects ANOVA and independent samples t‐tests were used to analyse the data.

Results

One‐hundred and sixty (n = 160) dental hygiene students completed the survey. Independent samples t‐tests revealed statistically significant differences when comparing year in programme and programme type. Participants in their second year of dental hygiene education had significantly lower overall CoBRAS scores compared to those in their first year of education (M = 50.76, M = 59.13, respectively; p = 0.004). Participants enrolled in a baccalaureate dental hygiene (B.S.) programme had significantly lower overall CoBRAS scores compared to those enrolled in an associate (A.S.) programme (M = 50.53, M = 59.54, respectively; p = 0.002).

Conclusions

Participants possessed moderate levels of colour‐blindness, suggesting a need for more awareness and training early in dental hygiene education to increase delivery of culturally competent oral healthcare.
Serum vitamin B12, distal symmetrical polyneuropathy and anaemia in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase 2
Authors: Davis Timothy M. E. , Chubb Stephen A. P. , Peters Kirsten E. , Davis Wendy A.
Published: September 2023

Background

There are limited data relating to the effects of metformin‐associated vitamin B12 deficiency on the risk of distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN) and megaloblastic anaemia in well‐characterised community‐based cohorts.

Aims

To assess inter‐relationships between metformin therapy, vitamin B12 deficiency assessed using serum active B12 concentrations, and DSPN and anaemia in 1492 Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase 2 (FDS2) participants with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Prevalence rates of vitamin B12 deficiency (total <80 pmol/L, active <23 pmol/L) and borderline deficiency (total ≥80 and ≤200 pmol/L, active ≥23 and ≤35 pmol/L) were determined using baseline sera. The relationship between vitamin B12 status and both DSPN and anaemia was assessed using multivariable analyses.

Results

Most FDS2 participants (94.4%) were vitamin B12 replete (total serum concentration >200 pmol/L, active >35 pmol/L), 2.0% were deficient (total <80 pmol/L, active <23 pmol/L) and the remainder (3.6%) borderline. Although metformin treatment increased the odds of deficiency (4.2%, 3.1% borderline) in a dose‐dependent fashion (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 39.4 (4.90–316) for >2000 mg daily compared with no treatment; P < 0.001), there was no significant association between vitamin B12 status and DSPN, anaemia (haemoglobin ≤130 g/L males, ≤120 g/L females), haemoglobin concentration or mean corpuscular volume (P ≥ 0.147). Metformin increased the likelihood of anaemia, especially at high doses, independent of vitamin B12 deficiency.

Conclusions

Since nutritional sources likely attenuate metformin‐associated vitamin B12 malabsorption and its clinical sequelae in developed countries such as Australia, there is no need for routine/opportunistic serum vitamin B12 screening in metformin‐treated patients.