bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retraduire un classique: Dépoussiérer Alice ?
Authors: Nières-Chevrel Isabelle
Published: July 2022

L’histoire des traductions françaises d’Alice au pays des merveilles témoigne d’une convergence croissante des normes de la traduction pour enfants et de la traduction pour adultes, au point que les éditeurs pour la jeunesse ont abondamment fait appel depuis les années 1970 à des traductions initialement destinées aux adultes. La traduction d’Anne Herbauts et de sa sœur Isabelle, publiée chez Casterman en 2002, vient rompre avec cette pratique et suggère qu’il y aurait des normes traductionnelles propres aux textes destinés à de jeunes lecteurs. Mais est-il possible de gommer toutes les aspérités du récit, d’entreprendre une nouvelle traduction d’Alice dans une totale ignorance des visées esthétiques et du contexte historique de l’œuvre, de la glose qui lui a été consacrée et des choix faits par les traducteurs antérieurs? Traduire un classique, c’est nécessairement prendre en charge l’héritage—quitte à venir, en toute connaissance de cause, bousculer celui-ci.
The Role of Borders in the Lives of Greek–Cypriot Enclaved Children in Ira Genakritou’s Beyond the Barbed Wire
Authors: Chatzianastasi Maria
Published: July 2022

A dramatic increase in Cypriot juvenile literature appeared in the decades following the traumatic events of the coup d’etat and subsequent Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974. A crucial aspect of the political-national situation arising from those events—which affected the political geography of Cyprus, defined its contemporary history, and had an impact on several areas, including writing for the young—was the creation of a 180 km border dividing the island. The focus of this paper is on literary representations of enclavement and the strong impact borders and barbed wire played in the lives of young enclaved—those who chose to stay in their place of origin rather than be displaced. The discussion focuses on the book Πέρα από το συρματόπλεγμα (Beyond the Barbed Wire) and the traumatic separations of young children from their families arising from enclavement. Τhe story offers important insights into a situation that is not so well known or represented in juvenile literature and highlights the threating, violating, and traumatic role borders can play in young people’s lives.
“I See Nothing but a Fence of Tears”: The Impact of Australia’s Immigration Detention and Border Protection Policies on the Asylum Seeker Child’s Geographies of Hope and Hopelessness
Authors: McAlister Dani , Beazley Harriot , Raha Wynonna
Published: July 2022

As a signatory to both the United Nation Refugee Convention and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, Australia’s border protection policy to detain offshore asylum seekers who reach Australian borders by boat, including accompanied and unaccompanied minors, is under intense international scrutiny. In the context of Australia’s “Operation Sovereign Borders,” however, the asylum seeker child’s perspectives and their geographies of hope and hopelessness have not yet been fully explored. Drawing on recent literature within children’s geographies, which emphasizes the “emotional” matters within policy development and professional practice, and how they affect children, this paper seeks to contribute to emerging debates exploring borders, asylum seeker children, and children’s emotional geographies. Utilizing drawings, letters, and poems produced by children for an Australian Human Rights Commission’s National Inquiry into Children in Immigration Detention on Nauru, a child-centred approach was applied to privilege children’s own perspective of their indefinite internment. The primary focus of the paper is to emphasize the ways in which “the asylum seeker child” constructs their own emotional geographies within the inherently complex and restrictive context of Australia’s border protection policy.
Mille Pompons! Fantômette, the Famous, Unknown, Schoolgirl Superhero of France
Authors: Still Julie M.
Published: July 2022

One significant character in French and Francophone literature aimed at young girls is completely absent from English language culture. The books and other media about crime fighting schoolgirl Françoise Dupont / Fantômette have not been translated into English and are very sparsely represented in American and British libraries. She is ubiquitous enough in Francophone culture to be referred to without any explanation (much as English publications would reference a detective named Nancy or Hermione the witch). Who is this heroine and why have we never heard of her?
Shakespeare Criticism and Performance in Children’s Literature: In Summer Light and Becca Fair and Foul
Authors: Smith Philip
Published: July 2022

In this article, I seek to place Zibby Oneal’s In Summer Light and Diedre Baker’s Becca Fair and Foul in dialogue with the body of texts that adapt Shakespeare’s works into literature for children. In each of these novels, young women interpret and adapt Shakespeare’s The Tempest. Both texts are self-reflexive adaptations; the stories themselves resonate thematically and geographically with The Tempest, and yet both are overtly conscious of the process and politics of adaptation containing, as they do, characters who interpret and critique Shakespeare’s text.
“You Were Born with a Giant Silver Spoon in Your Mouth”: Geography, the Young, and Social Class in Finnish Films in the 2000s
Authors: Römpötti Tommi
Published: July 2022

In several Finnish films of the 2000s, Finland is portrayed as divided geographically into two parts: the small urban area around Finland’s capital, Helsinki, in the south and the rural areas in the country’s north. This polarization frames conceptualizations of social class, particularly in films that depict young people leaving their homes. Forbidden Fruit (Kielletty hedelmä) and August (Elokuu) are examples of Finnish cinema in the 2000s that negotiate ideas about class and circulate this polarized imagination through geography. Both films depict the young leaving their homes and then clashing with a geographically marked border. The films are analyzed in the context of the neo-liberal success story which defines the ideal subject of contemporary society. The article argues that the cinematic journeys of the young show the power of geography in reproducing class structures.
Infanticide and Spectral Survival at the London Foundling Hospital
Authors: Mann Natalie L.
Published: July 2022

Focusing on the work of the London Foundling Hospital between 1741 and the mid-1860s, this article will explore the significance of infanticide, futurity, and “fraud” in understanding the status and condition of the foundling and the complex history of the hospital. This article will build on other contemporary critical studies of the hospital but will highlight that within the context of the hospital and its work, loss, and preservation become inseparable and, at times, indistinguishable. Drawing on the concept of “hauntology” it will therefore emphasize both the role of infanticide and fraud in the hospital’s history, and the conceptual figure of “living spectres” that are inextricably linked to that history.
Picture Book as Personal Journey: A Kristevan Reading of Peter Sís’s Tibet: Through the Red Box
Authors: Gollapudi Aparna
Published: July 2022

Peter Sís’s semi-autobiographical picture book, Tibet: Through the Red Box, is about a father’s inexplicable disappearance many years ago. The father, lost in Tibet, had many serendipitous adventures, and the book celebrates that extraordinary journey. But Sís’s book is also about the crippling pain of loss felt by a child when his father disappeared. Through an innovative use of word-picture interactions, Sís conveys the pleasure and poignancy of the experience. This essay considers text-image relations in Tibet through a Kristevan lens and concludes that Sís’s picture book is a psychologically therapeutic artistic journey from childhood trauma to self-healing. The analysis not only sheds light on Sís’s remarkable work, but also explores the potentiality of the picture-book genre as a vehicle for psychological processes.
Panorama du corpus chansonnier en contexte scolaire et de l’éducation à la jeunesse au Québec: quelques jalons pédagogiques et idéologiques
Authors: De Surmont Jean-Nicolas
Published: July 2022

Depuis quelques années les études littéraires, linguistiques et musicologiques se sont ouvertes à l’apprentissage de la langue et de la musique chez les enfants et à l’étude de « littérature orale » pour la jeunesse, dont le conte en particulier. Bien que les aspects pédagogiques de l’apprentissage musical aient soulevé l’intérêt de nombreux chercheurs, les objets-chansons semblent avoir suscité peu d’intérêt du moins sur le plan historique. Dans la présente contribution, nous tenterons de combler ces lacunes en expliquant le développement historique et institutionnel d’un ensemble de phénomènes chansonniers et de pratiques vocales destinées principalement à la jeunesse en contexte familial ou scolaire. Nous montrerons en quoi la sélection des oeuvres présentées dans les recueils de chansons depuis le milieu du dix-neuvième siècle jusqu’au milieu du vingtième siècle répond à des critères non seulement musicologiques mais aussi idéologiques. De plus, nous indiquerons le lien unissant la jeunesse québécoise à l’activité chansonnière par les procédés de légitimation et de diffusion du corpus que sont notamment les remises de recueil comme livre de récompense et l’obtention du cautionnement de l’Instruction publique.
From Christian Conversion to Children’s Crusade: The Left Behind Series for Kids and the Changing Nature of Evangelical Juvenile Fiction
Authors: Ann Abate Michelle
Published: July 2022

This essay builds on the author’s previous work on the Left Behind novels for kids, arguing that while current socio-political conditions have certainly contributed to the success of the series, an earlier phenomenon informs its literary structure: the many novels and stories produced by the American Sunday School Union (ASSU). The numerous literary, cultural, religious, and historical details that connect ASSU fiction and the Left Behind: The Kids series demonstrate significant continuities in the projects of US evangelical Christianity over more than a century. The closing section discusses how the differences between the current crop of evangelical narratives and the historical ones are just as instructive as their similarities, for they demonstrate changing conceptions of children and childhood in the United States, and the place and purpose of religious-themed narratives for young readers on the eve of the new millennium and in the opening decade of the twenty-first century.
“Please, sir, I want some more . . . . Please, sir . . . I want some more”: Unhooding Richler’s Fang to Find Justice for Oliver Twist and Jacob Two-Two
Authors: Gibson Brian
Published: July 2022

This comparison of the treatment of Oliver Twist by the magistrate Mr. Fang and other adults in Dickens’ 1837 novel with the treatment of Jacob by Justice Rough and other adults in Richler’s 1975 book, along with a comparison of some of George Cruikshank’s illustrations with some of Fritz Wegner’s illustrations, reveals stylistic echoes and riffs on the early-Victorian work by the late-20th century work and a deep shift in social, cultural, and legal attitudes to the child. Oliver is helpless and powerless on his own in a harsh, adult world, while Jacob is a “little person” with his own rights, his powerlessness coming from within. Dickens and Cruikshank trap the non-adult in a pre-Marxist, materially threatening society, whereas Richler and Wegner move the pre-adult through a post-Freudian society where Jacob is psychologically belittled by adults threatened by “Child Power.”
Too Good to Be True: The Fall of the Ideal Youth, from Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm to The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants
Authors: Lesley Naomi
Published: July 2022

Within half a century of the publication of G. Stanley Hall’s Adolescence, the qualities of ideal and dangerous adolescents flip: ideal adolescents actually behave in a disturbed fashion, while seemingly well-adjusted youth are understood to be courting danger later in life. A comparison of seemingly ideal characters in adolescent novels from two periods—the first decade of the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty-first—helps to illuminate how and why these desires and fears for youth shift. In Kate Douglas Wiggin’s 1903 novel Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm, Rebecca represents the ideal youth common before Hall’s publication and the subsequent spread of anxiety about the psychological health of adolescents. Ann Brashares’s The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants and its sequels, published from 2001 to 2007, reflect a distinct change in thinking, given the books’ focus on a potentially ideal teen, Bridget, who is undermined and written off as too good to be truly authentic. In these examples, it is not only apparent that the conception of the ideal shifts, but it is also evident that the “squeaky-clean” ideal adolescents are in fact the ones who are less controllable and more dangerous to the existing social order.
“Out by Sixteen”: Queer(ed) Girls in Ginger Snaps
Authors: MacDonald Tanis
Published: July 2022

The Canadian cult-horror film Ginger Snaps (2000) was marketed as a wry and wrenching adolescent female version of B-movie transformation narratives, conflating puberty with monstrosity while exposing how excesses of representation alter the effect of gender as a technology of feminine identity. Ginger Snaps complicates horror-film convention by emphasizing the intense relationship between the Fitzgerald sisters, suggesting that lesbian desire is part of the sisters’ resistance to normativity, best revealed by their blood pact to be “out by sixteen or dead in the scene.” By matching the heterosexual male werewolf’s appetite for the female body, Ginger’s teen-lesbian werewolf poses a visual and sexual conundrum in the contemporary Gothic horror film.
“Where Happily Ever After Happens Every Day”: Disney’s Official Princess Website and the Commodification of Play
Authors: Sweeney Meghan M.
Published: July 2022

This article interrogates Disney’s web presence as manifested in its official Princess website, http://disney.go.com/princess, arguing that this new media platform is one way that Disney commodifies play. While the site is only one part of a complex web of texts that forms Disney Princess, it serves a crucial cultural function. As a legitimate Disney site, it has an aura of authenticity; as a site with a dual implied audience of young children and their parents, it is a key way to shape consumers and track online habits. This article argues that despite a persistent emphasis on individual choice, this site works to control and regulate play, substituting Disney-inflected notions of “specialness” for actual user agency.
(Global) Capitalism and Immigrant Workers in Gary Paulsen’s Lawn Boy: Naturalization of Exploitation
Authors: Burcar Lilijana
Published: July 2022

Exploitable migrant labour is one of the key organizational features of contemporary capital accumulation. Migrants’ underpaid work makes a significant contribution to the affluence of Western receiving societies, keeping them economically prosperous. The article addresses the mechanisms of representation by means of which mainstream children’s literature mystifies exploitative socio-economic relations affecting immigrant workers, which in turn leads to the naturalization of structural inequalities and hierarchically organized constructs of identity. Specifically, the article examines the ways in which exploitative labour practices in relation to migrant workers are effectively papered over and justified in Gary Paulsen’s novel Lawn Boy.
Kevin Major's Hold Fast and the Critical Reception of a Milestone Canadian Novel for Young Adults
Authors: Rothbauer Paulette
Published: July 2022

This paper examines the critical reception of Kevin Major’s Hold Fast, published in 1978, as a hinge event in the field of production of Canadian children’s literature. It is argued that this novel represents a Canadian version of the social realism narrative that was well established in the United States by the mid-1970s and that recognizable conventions of this type of literature augmented its positive reception. Equally important for its continued celebration as a notable work, however, were its uniquely Canadian themes and motifs. These themes are explored through a close examination of reviews and commentary published between 1978 and 2006. Questions are raised about reviewers’ refusal to situate the title against earlier publishing for young people in Canada and about the role that the professionalization of young adult literature and librarianship played in the reception of the title.
The Girls Who Do Not Eat: Food, Hunger, and Thinness in Meg Rosoff’s How I Live Now and Laurie Halse Anderson’s Wintergirls
Authors: Tsai Hsin-Chun (Jamie)
Published: July 2022

Critics have suggested that anorexia occurs frequently among middle-class and upper-middle-class adolescent girls. Going through a crucial stage of their development, they starve themselves voluntarily in times of plenty amid societal pressures to be thin. Published in the last decade, the two novels examined here serve as a locus for an analysis of this increasingly prevailing phenomenon and its connection to current social conditions. Drawing on food studies and on existing research on anorexia, this paper explores the significance of food, hunger, and thinness in both novels. Through its depiction of the protagonist’s experiences of genuine hunger and wartime scarcity, Meg Rosoff’s How I Live Now urges a re-evaluation of familiar experiences of food and the prevailing views of thinness that are broadly accepted in societies of abundance. Laurie Halse Anderson’s Wintergirls presents a remarkable insight into a culture that encourages consumption and praises weight loss, revealing a pressing need for reform of both notions.
Gazing Forward, Not Looking Back: Comfort Food without Nostalgia in the Novels of Polly Horvath
Authors: Keeling Kara K. , Pollard Scott
Published: July 2022

Conventionally, children are depicted finding comfort in the sensory appeal of food, as part of experiences that eventually will become sources of adult nostalgia. Polly Horvath’s novels provide narratives that depict the creation of such moments without the accompanying nostalgia. This essay analyzes two of Horvath’s most successful and food-focused novels, Everything on a Waffle and The Canning Season, using the disciplinary and theoretical frames of children’s literature, food studies, social science research on comfort food as well as literary scholarship on nostalgia and on Proust’s À la recherche du temps perdu, pursuing a counter-argument to the conventional view of children’s literature as a locus of nostalgia.
Zygmunt Bauman, Postmodern Ethics, and Utopia as Process in Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games: “It’s the First Gift That’s Always the Hardest to Pay Back”
Authors: Jansen Brian
Published: July 2022

Beginning with the observation that young adult literature has been the subject of ethical criticism from multiple sides of the ideological spectrum and drawing on Roberta Seelinger Trites’s argument that this body of work is a postmodern phenomenon, this article interrogates whether young adult literature is a morally compromised genre from the start or whether there is not a morally constructive framework through which young adult novels might be viewed productively. Using the first novel of Suzanne Collins’s Hunger Games trilogy as a case study, this paper proposes a heuristic that borrows from the postmodern (or “liquid modern”) ethics of sociologist Zygmunt Bauman. Bauman, who interprets Emmanuel Levinas’s “ethics of ethics” as a descriptive, phenomenological, existential exercise, rejects absolutes in favour of process and an emphasis on the urge to “be-for” the Other. Through the lens of Bauman’s ethics, this paper analyzes Katniss Everdeen’s journey as a processual one, toward the end of an active moral urge.
Se déplacer sans adultes en ville : récits d’autonomie de jeunes barcelonais
Authors: Monnet Nadja , Arias Diana
Published: July 2022

Dans cet article, nous cherchons à analyser les pratiques de la ville des enfants et adolescents pour comprendre comment ils agissent dans l’espace urbain contemporain et comment celui-ci les agit. Comment habitent-ils la ville ? Habiter non pas dans le sens d’ « avoir un toit » mais en tant qu’être localisé dans un espace physique à un moment donné. C’est-à-dire, comment se situent les jeunes dans l’espace urbain ? Comment reconnaissent-ils l’espace physique de la ville et comment l’utilisent-ils ? C’est en entrecroisant les témoignages des jeunes avec parfois ceux de leurs parents et surtout en les suivant dans leurs déplacements que nous avons essayé de comprendre comment se déroule l’apprentissage de leur autonomie en ville.
Kinship and the Queer Perversions of Six-Dinner Sid and Else-Marie and Her Seven Little Daddies: Imagine (Un)Doing Family
Authors: Forrester Kathleen
Published: July 2022

In recent years scholars such as Natasha Hurley and Kenneth Kidd have been calling for a broadening of queer-theorizing within the field of children’s literature beyond questions of identity and same-sex desire. In this paper, I draw upon Judith Butler, Michael Warner, and others to offer a queer reading of two picture books: Six-Dinner Sid and Else-Marie and Her Seven Little Daddies. Through an exploration of family and kinship within these texts, I show how reading perversely is a discursive tool that can destabilize dominant narratives and bring into play the potential for more inclusive and just processes of meaning-making.
Pinocchio migrant et postcolonial : parcours de subjectivation entre Europe centrale, Italie, et Afrique
Authors: Mengozzi Chiara
Published: July 2022

L’article porte sur deux récentes adaptations des Aventures de Pinocchio du célèbre écrivain italien Carlo Collodi : le roman Occhio a Pinocchio (2006) de Jarmila Očkayová, auteure italophone d’origine slovaque, et la pièce Pinocchio nero (2005), dirigée par Marco Baliani et interprétée par un groupe d’enfants des rues de Nairobi. Nous nous proposons de démontrer que ces deux auteurs, malgré les différences indéniables entre leurs œuvres (lieu de production et de réception, destinataire et genre littéraire), partagent la même stratégie postcoloniale à l’égard du « texte source » : ils s’approprient une œuvre du canon littéraire occidental en la transformant en une allégorie des procès de subjectivation/assujettissement des marginaux, qu’il s’agisse des (écrivains) immigrés en Italie ou des garçons de rue des bidonvilles kenyans. Notre approche des adaptations souhaite valoriser l’effet rétroactif que celles-ci peuvent avoir sur le texte de départ, notamment la capacité de dégager ou mettre en relief des significations négligées ou restées en marge des lectures précédentes du texte adapté. Nous aboutirons ainsi à une nouvelle interprétation du chef-d’œuvre de Collodi.
Jessie Willcox Smith’s Critique of Teleological Girlhood in The Seven Ages of Childhood: “Sans Everything”
Authors: Greenwell Amanda M.
Published: July 2022

This article examines the intertextuality of verbal and visual elements in “The Seven Ages of Childhood,” a series of seven paintings by Jessie Willcox Smith reproduced in The Ladies’ Home Journal in 1908–09, and then bound in book form. Drawing on sources including Smith’s biography, The Ladies’ Home Journal, the captions for each piece (modelled on lines from Shakespeare’s As You Like It), and Carolyn Well’s verse contributions to the book form, this article argues that “Seven Ages” contains a subversive critique of the traditional teleological arc of girlhood, the aim of which was marriageability.
A Rhizomatic Exploration of Adolescent Girls’ Rough-and-Tumble Play as Embodied Literacy
Authors: Work-Slivka Julie Anne
Published: July 2022

As a teacher-researcher in a public charter middle school in the northeast United States, I simultaneously led a sixteen-month qualitative study and hosted an after-school beading class to investigate a group of adolescent girls’ self-selected, spontaneous intersections of literacy, play, and art. Between two and eight eleven- to thirteen-year-old girls agreed to participate in each meeting. Drawing on case study methods, I worked flexibly through participant observation to support adolescents with their self-selected projects, I video recorded this activity, and then I analyzed the resulting data using a rhizomatic approach in order to identify intense moments of affect. While play continuance seemed to be the girls’ main objective, they also voluntarily engaged in academic literacy activities that supported play. Further, rough-and-tumble play offered the girls opportunities to engage in low-risk heterosexual/heteronormative role play, unintentionally rupturing expectations of female passivity and pursuing positive affects as additional rewards of play. This study demonstrates how youth-centered play can provide access points to child-driven academic and embodied literacies.
A Novel Canine Otoscopy Teaching Model for Veterinary Students
Authors: Tham Heng L. , Elnady Fawzy A. , Byrnes Meghan K.
Published: July 2022

Otoscopic evaluation using an otoscope is an important tool among the diagnostic modalities for otitis externa and is considered a core component of a canine patient’s complete physical examination. Traditionally, otoscopic training in veterinary school involves using live dogs (i.e., laboratory dogs or dogs that are patients of the veterinary teaching hospital). While this approach has its advantages, performing otoscopic examination on live dogs presents several challenges: it requires adequate patient restraint, can cause stress to the dog, and can potentially cause trauma and/or injury to the dog’s ear canal when performed by an inexperienced individual. Using an alternative teaching tool for otoscopic evaluation could overcome these challenges and improve veterinary students’ learning experience. In this study, we investigated student perceptions of a novel canine teaching model for otoscopic evaluation in first-year veterinary students. The Elnady preservation technique was employed to create a realistic, durable, and flexible model for otoscopic training in a dermatology laboratory session in a first-year veterinary course. Student feedback was assessed on a Likert scale, and overall feedback indicated that students felt that the model was beneficial for skill building and removed many of the stressors incurred with using live animals when training in clinical skills. Most students stated that they would like to have additional similar models incorporated into training and would recommend these models to other students.
Using a Card Sort Technique to Determine the Perceptions of First-Year Veterinary Students on Veterinary Professionalism Attributes Important to Future Success in Clinical Practice
Authors: Gordon Stuart J.G. , Bolwell Charlotte F. , Weston Jenny F. , Benschop Jackie , Gardner Dianne H. , Parkinson Tim J.
Published: July 2022

First-year veterinary students’ perceptions on the veterinary professionalism attributes important to future success in clinical practice were explored using a card sort technique. The key findings were that self-oriented attributes (overall mean: 3.20; 42% of responses rated essential) and people-oriented attributes (overall mean: 3.13; 39% essential) were rated more highly than task-oriented attributes (overall mean: 2.98; 31% essential) (1–4 scale: 1 = irrelevant, 4 = essential). Within these overall ratings, the establishment/maintenance of effective client relationships (people-oriented attribute; mean: 3.84) and the ability to be composed under pressure and recover quickly (self-oriented attribute; mean: 3.82) received the highest scores. The highest task-oriented score was the ability to work to a high standard and achieve results (mean: 3.57). There was no difference between ethnicities or between men and women, but respondents < 20 years of age gave higher scores to people-oriented attributes than did older respondents (≥ 20 years). The use of the card sort technique has not been widely reported in veterinary educational literature, and so this study represents a novel approach to garnering opinions from newly enrolled veterinary students—a group of stakeholders whose views on this subject are seldom sought. The results show that first-year veterinary students have well-developed opinions on the key attributes of veterinary professionalism and indicate that the early development of students’ opinions needs to be taken into consideration in the design of professionalism curricula within veterinary programs.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; Review of Mutations and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Dave Dhara , Dave Dhara , Mohammed Basheer , Dharmarpandi Janakikeerthika , Dave Darshit , Saralaya Rohit , Tumula Praveen
Published: July 2022

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and the incidence of this in never smokers is about 15-20% in males and about 50% in females. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) constitutes about 75% to 80% of these cancers and is more common than small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) in never smokers. Treatment of NSCLC has been rapidly evolving with the discovery of targetable mutations like EGFR, and ALK. Despite this, prognosis of NSCLC remains guarded given diagnosis at an advanced stage as well as patient factors like age and comorbidities. The standard of care should include therapy customized to suit the patient. In this review article we report the first known case of checkpoint mutation seen in a patient with NSCLC and summarize the common mutations along with targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among Cancer Patients at Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation
Authors: Vallacha Anita , Vallacha Anita , Asghar Rasheed Afshan , Muzaffar Narjis , Niamatullah Najeeb , Malik Babar , Mal Chandu , Gul Lubna
Published: July 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared as pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) on 30th January 2020. Cancer patients are a vulnerable population with increased risk for mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. In this study, we report the impact of education for acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in our cancer patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study between 1st August 2021 and 31st October 2021. All patients with diagnosis of cancer who presented to the oncology clinic were asked whether they received COVID-19 vaccine or planning to get vaccinated. Patients, who had refused the vaccine, were educated to get vaccinated. Post counseling, they were again asked if they would agree to get vaccinated.
Results: Out of 512 cancer patients, 274 (53.5%) were male. Of total, 456 (89.1%) were diagnosed cases of solid malignancy. Patients who were on active oncological treatment were 406 (79.3%). Of total 512, 396 (77.3%) patients agreed for the COVID-19 vaccine while 116 (22.7%) had refused to get vaccinated. Of those 116, 75 (64.7%) patients accepted to get vaccinated post counseling.
Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance is higher among cancer patients at our institute compared to reported data. Oncologists should play a key role in encouraging their patients to get vaccine in order to reduce COVID-19 related mortality.
The Role of Diabetes-Related Self-Management in Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Impact on HbA1c
Authors: Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Abdollahi Burhan , Ghaffari Mohtasham , Dorosteh Ameneh Pooresmaeil , Rakhshanderou Sakineh
Published: July 2022

Background: The most important factor in controlling diabetes is self-management behaviour and its development is the first step toward helping the patients to successfully control their disease. The current study was conducted so as to investigate self-management behaviour and its Impact on HbA1c.
Methods: This study was carried out on 220 type-2 diabetic patients in 2020. The data was gathered through demographic and diabetes self-management questionnaire (DSMQ) and it included 16 items at four dimensions. The data analysed by independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Multiple Linear Regression and Logistic Regression.
Results: There was a significant relationship between gender and physical activity, diet, and diabetic self-management (P-value> 0/001). Also, there was a significant relationship between economic status and glycemic control, diet, and diabetic self-management (P-value>0/05). In addition, family history of the disease and glycemic control, diet, and diabetic self-management were found to be meaningfully related (P-value> 0/05). Smoking and glycemic control on the one hand and diabetic self-management and BMI, on the other, experienced meaningful relationship (P-value >0/05). The most adverse effects were among patients who had unfavourable or minimum self-management: 10.7% kidney complications and 17.9% visual impairment (P-value>0/05). Dietary control is the strongest predictor of HbA1c in all diabetics and people with borderline self-management and diabetics without complications (P-value> 0/000).
Conclusion: Diabetes-related self-management predicted HbA1c levels and type-2 diabetic complications and intervention programmes crucial in increasing patients’ awareness, learning, and participation.
Infant Predictors of Childhood Overweight
Authors: Worobey John , Worobey John
Published: July 2022

Previous studies have identified numerous risk factors to be associated with early obesity, among them high birth weight and energy intake, low activity or energy expenditure, high maternal body mass index, rapid early infant growth, short duration of sleep, and overly controlling feeding styles. The aim of the present study was to examine these various factors as predictors of overweight in early childhood. Ninety-one mothers were observed feeding their infants at 12-months, with infants weighed and measured again at 36-months. Motor activity, sleep duration, and difficultness were also assessed. The results revealed that nearly all the factors showed some associations with higher BMI percentiles, such that multiple factors are at work in promoting early excess weight gain in the early years of development.
Census of Cardiac Uptake on Routine Bone Scintigraphy, a Methodology to Assess the Prevalence of the TTR Amyloidosis
Authors: Chehade Feras , Khoury Antoine El , Nasr Samer , Chehade Feras
Published: July 2022

Objective: Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis is a rapidly progressive disease, remains underdiagnosed, and has long been considered a rare disease. Diagnosis decision making cannot be based on echography and MRI findings alone because they lack accuracy. However, it requires invasive test of myocardial or fat pad biopsies. Thus, the diagnosis is challenging, and the non-invasive scintigraphic technique using bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals has become a cornerstone in the workup revealing a myocardial uptake. Our work consists of a single institution retrospective study aiming to estimate the bone scintigraphies, and the prevalence of the transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in our population.
Methods: We have carried out a census of the incidental cardiac uptake on routine bone scintigraphy in 2211 consecutive patients enrolled between 2009 and 2020, mostly performed for oncologic purposes. The visual analysis of the scintigraphic images classifies the cardiac uptake into 3 levels of gradation and evokes the diagnosis of the TTR cardiac amyloidosis in grades 2 and 3.
Results: Different grades of myocardial uptake were observed in 1.37 % of all patients. Prevalence of uptake was 0.37% in the 50th, increased dramatically at the 60th (2.49%), and reached 4% above the age of 80. The diagnostic grades 2 and 3 cardiac uptakes were identified in 5 patients (0.23% of overall patients) ranging between 56- and 91-y-old. Our results concord with the trend of disease increases with age.
Conclusion: The careful analysis of the bone scintigraphy of all incoming adult patients should allow to make the diagnosis of the TTR cardiac amyloidosis at a preclinical stage and establish new effective treatments. Our results provide an estimate of the number of patients that could be diagnosed and improve the awareness of the corresponding prevalence in our population. In this way, multicentric studies should be implemented by enrolling large cohorts of bone scintigraphy cases.
Hemorrhage Hypotension Influences on Plasma Glucose Concentration: A New Approach for Evaluating Baroreflex Effects on Metabolic Adjustments
Authors: Coimbra Cândido Celso , Carvalho de Lima Daniel , Campos Helton Oliveira , Rios Drummond Lucas , Andrade Silveira Simonton , Siqueira Haibara Andrea , Coimbra Cândido Celso
Published: July 2022

The present study shows that hyperglycemic response to hemorrhage is an easy method for evaluating metabolic adjustments in normal rats and in other models that show autonomic and metabolic imbalances. In this regard, the baroreflex control of hyperglycemic response induced by hemorrhage hypotension was evaluated by removing blood through the jugular catheter (1.2 mL/100g b.w./ 2 min). Blood samples (0.2mL) were collected immediately before hemorrhage and at 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes after hemorrhage [1, 2]. In addition, the baroreflex control of heart rate was assessed by pharmacological test, using intravenous doses of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE, 10 μg/mL) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10 μg/mL) in random order. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured through the insertion of a polyethylene catheter inserted into the abdominal aorta through the left femoral artery. The derived variables of baroreflex control to heart rate and hemorrhage hyperglycemia response were measured according to the following equation: Y = A1/{1+ exp[A2(X - A3)]} + A4. The evaluation of a new approach for studying the baroreflex effects on metabolic adjustments was done with animals fed with a hypercaloric diet. Hypercaloric diet induced an upward shift in the baroreflex curve to heart rate (p<0.05) and an increased heart rate reflex due to the change in MAP during the operating range (p<0.05). It also shifted the baroreflex curve to a higher level of hyperglycemic response to hemorrhage (p<0.05), as well as, increased maximal gain (p<0.05) and augmented hyperglycemic response to hemorrhage hypotension during the operating range (p<0.05). Therefore, we propose that the baroreflex control of hyperglycemic response should be a useful tool for evaluating metabolic dysfunction related to hemorrhage in models of animals that show autonomic imbalance, such as malnutrition, hypertension, diabetes and obesity.
Spontaneous and Indentation Subretinal Hemorrhage from Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Fernandes Arthur Gustavo , A Rebello Pedro , C Morales Melina , HS Mascato Juliana , B Fernandes Rodrigo , Fernandes Arthur Gustavo
Published: July 2022

Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. Herein, the authors report two cases of subretinal hemorrhage associated with it. The first case presented with a large choroidal mass associated with subretinal hemorrhage, no history of trauma and choroidal melanoma diagnosis on ultrasound. The second case was initially diagnosed with retinal detachment but during the surgery a pigmented subretinal mass was observed, starting to bleed after scleral depression. Subretinal hemorrhage can occur due to ruptures in Bruch's membrane spontaneously or precipitated by inadvertent trauma. Despite an unusual manifestation, it should always be considered avoiding misdiagnosis.
Cognitive Function in Cystic Fibrosis and CFTR Modulator Therapy
Authors: Allen-Graham Judy , Allen-Graham Judy , Williams Elyssa , Rang Catherine , Button Brenda , Edgeworth Deirdre , Finlayson Felicity , Winton-Brown Toby , Kotsimbos Tom , Keating Dominic , Wilson John
Published: July 2022

Background: Cystic fibrosis is not typically associated with cognitive dysfunction that is easily discernible. Whether having a CFTR mutation has a direct effect on the CNS function is yet to be elucidated, despite widespread expression of the CFTR protein throughout the human nervous system.
Methods: We aimed to study the effects of CFTR modulators ivacaftor and lumacaftor/ivacaftor on cognition in two separate CF cohorts. These were ivacaftor, in CF patients with at least one copy of the G551D mutation, and lumacaftor/ivacaftor in homozygous F508del subjects. Using a panel of cognitive testing tools (MOCA, TMT, Cogstate™) targeting various domains that included executive function, memory and attention.
Results: The two cohorts improved significantly on CFTR modulator treatment when measured by the MOCA, TMT and by a combined cognitive score. Most prominently, these represent improvements in executive function.
Conclusion: Suggested CNS effect of CFTR mutation in CF and the impact of CFTR modulators on this.
Autologous Micro Fragmented Adipose Cells Therapy for Subtalar Joint Osteoarthritis – Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Niazi Noman Shakeel , Niazi Noman Shakeel , Wong Jason , Pillai Anand
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Post-traumatic subtalar joint arthritis is uncommon and the majority results as a consequence of either an intra-articular calcaneal or talar fracture. A unique case of management of subtalar joint arthritis is described using autologous microfragmented adipose cells therapy.
Case Report: We presented a 48-year-old male with symptomatic left subtalar joint arthritis, which was managed conservatively with analgesia and multiple steroid injections. During surgery, fat cells were aspirated from the abdomen and transferred to the Lipogems kit for mechanical breakdown of adipose tissue for around 20 minutes. Final 10ml of the product was injected into the subtalar joint. Patient was followed up at regular intervals and Visual analogue score (VAS), Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure scores (FAM-ADL) were collected.
Results: No perioperative complications were noted relating to abdominal liposuction and intra-articular injection of lipoaspirate and during the follow-up period. Improvement in VAS, MOX FQ and FAM-ADL scores was noted up to 6 months of follow-up.
Discussion: The subtalar joint plays a central role in load transmission and movement at the hindfoot and its malalignment and arthritis lead to impaired function and pain. Intra articular injections of fat cells and their regenerative potential in degenerative joint diseases have been well documented in literature. Lipogem technique has been used in knee, hip and ankle arthritis, but it is not documented to use in the subtalar joint.
Conclusion: This unique case report demonstrated the successful use of a single-dose autologous micro fragmented fat cells therapy leading to functional improvement in subtalar joint arthritis with no complications.
Viable Heterotopic Pregnancy in a 41-Year-Old Woman with Spontaneous Conception and a History of Ectopic Pregnancy: An Unusual Case Complicated by Postoperative Ileus
Authors: Xenophon Bazoukis , Xenophon Bazoukis , Lepoura Nancy , Hatziangeli Elena , Argyridis Savvas
Published: July 2022

Heterotopic pregnancy is defined by the coexistence of intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy. In our case report, a 41-year-old woman with a positive pregnancy test visited our hospital outpatient department for the first time. She was diagnosed with a viable heterotopic pregnancy, for which she underwent laparotomy and uterine curettage. Our clinical case has a prevalence of one in every 30.000 pregnancies, since it was a spontaneous conception and there was no family history of multiple pregnancies. Risk factors were medical history of a previous ectopic pregnancy, pelvic operations and her age being over forty. Despite her good recovery from the first operation, she underwent a second laparotomy with the aim to treat an obstructive ileus due to adhesions.
Infarcted Fibroadenoma of the Breast: Difficulties in Diagnosis
Authors: Bosquet Eduardo González , Bosquet Eduardo González , Sousa Paulino , Rovira Carlota
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Infarction is a very rare complication of fibroadenoma. Diagnosis of such a situation is not easy.
Case Presentation: 23-year-old woman with a painful tumor of the right breast with mild erythema at the periareolar region. Breast ultrasound shows a heterogeneous lesion of 31×30 mm, in the retroareolar right breast with well-defined borders, and does not present vascular flow inside. Antibiotic treatment was administered without improvement. The breast ultrasound was repeated with no significant changes. Surgical removal of a well-encapsulated cystic lesion was performed. The patient was discharged the same day of surgery, and her postoperative evolution was correct. Histopathologic evaluation revealed an infarcted fibroadenoma.
Conclusion: Breast ultrasound could be very useful in the diagnosis of infarcted fibroadenoma; treatment consists of local excision of the lesion.
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Breast: A Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Aiello Paige , Aiello Paige , Kim Steve , Baek Lisa , Choi Lydia
Published: July 2022

Two female patients were diagnosed with primary small cell carcinoma of the breast that was estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Her-2 Neu negative. Diagnosis was made by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy. They both underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The first patient had negative sentinel lymph node biopsy and underwent postoperative whole breast radiation. She has remained disease-free. The second patient underwent preoperative radiation only, had one positive sentinel lymph node, and declined postoperative radiation. The second patient had metastasis to the axillary lymph nodes as well as recurrence. She was treated with chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation, but ultimately developed more diffuse metastasis. We discuss current literature regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in small cell carcinoma of the breast.
Draping for Minimally-Invasive Hypopharyngeal Sleep Surgery using a Nasotracheal Tube: Surgical Technique
Authors: Patel Ankit , Patel Ankit , Hassan Amro , Wickrama Thusith , Kotecha Bhik
Published: July 2022

Nasotracheal intubation is widely used for elective maxillofacial and ENT surgery and allows a superior visual field during sleep surgery. Traditional draping methods can result in nasal injury. We describe an alternative method of draping during nasotracheal intubation which avoids this risk.
A new dwarf green anole (Squamata: Dactyloidae) of the Anolis carolinensis
species group, from western Cuba
Authors: Díaz Luis M. , Cádiz Antonio , Velazco Karina , Kawata Masakado
Published: July 2022

Green anoles of the Anolis carolinensis group are divided into the carolinensis and isolepis subgroups according to a consensus of
molecular phylogenies. Species in the Anolis isolepis subgroup (A. altitudinalis, A. isolepis, A. oporinus, and A. toldo) are endemic to Cuba
and the highest diversity is concentrated in forested areas of eastern Cuba. Here, we describe a new species of this subgroup from western
Cuba based on genetic and morphological differences from other species. Our phylogenetic analysis, based on DNA sequences,
includes all of the known species and suggests that the new species is more closely related to A. altitudinalis, A. oporinus, and A. toldo
than to the widespread A. isolepis. In addition, we provide a new hypothesis on the taxonomic status of A. incredulus and recommend
that it no longer be considered as a species in the A. carolinensis group. Due to the lack of a diagnosis, and poor condition, of the only
available specimen, we consider A. incredulus as a species inquirenda. New morphological and genetic data of recently collected specimens
of A. oporinus and A. toldo will provide complementary information about these species known from one or a few specimens.