bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Silver(I)‐Mediated Three‐Component Annulation Reaction of [60]Fullerene, Sulfonylhydrazones, and Nitriles: Leading to Diverse Disubstituted [60]Fullerene‐Fused Dihydropyrroles.
Authors: Chao Di , Liu Tong‐Xin , Ma Nana , Zhang Pengling , Fu Zheng , Ma Jinliang , Liu Qingfeng , Zhang Fengjin , Zhang Zhiguo , Zhang Guisheng
Published: February 2016

A novel Ag(I)‐induced three‐component annulation reaction of C60‐fullerene with sulfonylhydrazones and nitriles is developed for the efficient synthesis of diverse disubstituted C60‐fullerene‐fused dihydropyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: Site‐Selective Arene C—H Amination via Photoredox Catalysis.
Authors: Romero Nathan A. , Margrey Kaila A. , Tay Nicholas E. , Nicewicz David A.
Published: February 2016

Acridinium salts catalyze the TEMPO‐mediated amination of arenes under light irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of 2‐Amino‐N′‐arylbenzamidines with Tetracyanoethene Reinvestigated: Routes to Imidazoles, Quinazolines and Quinolino[2′,3′:4,5]imidazo[1,2‐c]quinazoline‐8‐carbonitrile.
Authors: Mirallai Styliana I. , Manoli Maria , Koutentis Panayiotis A.
Published: February 2016

The reaction of 2‐amino‐N‐arylbenzamidines with tetracyanoethene is investigated under different reaction conditions to provide either imidazoline of type (III), quinazolines (IV) or (V) as sole or main products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Route to γ‐Carbolines and Indolizino[7,6‐b]indoles.
Authors: Pilipenko Arkady S. , Uchuskin Maxim G. , Trushkov Igor V. , Butin Alexander V.
Published: February 2016

The route is based on the Leuckart—Wallach reaction followed by the Bischler—Napieralski cyclization to give carbolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of 11‐Amino‐2,8‐substituted‐2,3,8,9‐tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno [2,3‐b]quinolinone Derivatives.
Authors: Wang Zhong‐Xia , Chen Li‐Zhuang , Li Bei , Han Guang‐Fan
Published: February 2016

The starting materials are readily prepared by Gewald reaction of cyclohexanediones, malononitrile, and sulfur followed by reaction of the resulting benzothiophenes with cyclohexanediones.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Regioselective Route to Functionalized Quinazolines.
Authors: Maiden Tracy M. M. , Swanson Stephen , Procopiou Panayiotis A. , Harrity Joseph P. A.
Published: February 2016

Starting with aryloxazolines (I) derived from benzoic acids a new route for the synthesis of quinazolines is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Base Induced Synthesis of 4H‐1,4‐Benzothiazines and Their Computational Studies.
Authors: Preet Simer , Cannoo Damanjt Singh
Published: February 2016

The title thiazines are obtained in one‐pot from benzothiazolium cations and α‐haloketones by ring expansion under ultrasonication.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Oxadiazepines via Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Tandem 1,5‐Hydride Shift/Cyclization.
Authors: Chang Yong‐Zhi , Li Ming‐Lei , Zhao Wen‐Feng , Wen Xiaoan , Sun Hongbin , Xu Qing‐Long
Published: February 2016

Lewis acid‐promoted reactions of pyrrolidine‐ or tetrahydroisoquinoline‐containing nitrones afford oxadiazepines in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient N‐Arylation Route for Electron‐Deficient Pyridines: The Case of π‐Extended Electrochromic Phosphaviologens.
Authors: Reus Christian , Stolar Monika , Vanderkley Jeffrey , Nebauer Johannes , Baumgartner Thomas
Published: February 2016

Phosphaviologens are prepared in one step by N‐arylation with diaryliodonium salts under elevated temperatures.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Reductive Multicomponent Coupling Reactions Between Isatins and Aldehydes.
Authors: Horwitz Matthew A. , Tanaka Naoya , Yokosaka Takuya , Uraguchi Daisuke , Johnson Jeffrey S. , Ooi Takashi
Published: February 2016

A new highly stereoselective and metal‐free multicomponent coupling reaction between isatins and aldehydes with dialkyl phosphite as an economical reductant is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Stannyl‐Lithium: A Facile and Efficient Synthesis Facilitating Further Applications.
Authors: Wang Dong‐Yu , Wang Chao , Uchiyama Masanobu
Published: February 2016

An efficient method for generation of stannyl‐lithium compounds is established.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Transformation of Furano‐Hydroxychalcones to Furanoflavones via Base Mediated Intramolecular Tandem O‐Arylation and C—O Bond Cleavage: A New Approach for the Synthesis of Furanoflavones.
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Bharate Sandip B.
Published: February 2016

A new approach for the synthesis of the natural furanoflavones lanceolatin B (IIa) and pongaglabrone (IIb) from corresponding furano‐hydroxychalcones (I) under mild, metal‐free conditions is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in Cobalt‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysts for Electrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Jiahai , Cui Wei , Liu Qian , Xing Zhicai , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sun Xuping
Published: February 2016

Review: 124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Carbene Chemistry from Diazo Compounds
Authors: Wei Fang , Song Chuanling , Ma Yudao , Zhou Ling , Tung Chen‐Ho , Xu Zhenghu
Published: February 2016

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Development of Multitasking Directing Groups for Carbon—Hydrogen Activation Reactions
Authors: Sun Huan , Huang Yong
Published: February 2016

Review: [22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Hydride Catalyzed Hydroamination of Alkenes and Alkynes
Authors: Pirnot Michael T. , Wang Yi‐Ming , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: February 2016

Review: [43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Profile to Various Thiazoloquinolines
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F.
Published: February 2016

Review: 37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Development of Solid Catalysts for Biomass Conversion into High Value‐Added Chemicals
Authors: Hara Michikazu , Nakajima Kiyotaka , Kamata Keigo
Published: February 2016

Review: 211 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomass Pyrolysis‐ A Review of Modelling, Process Parameters and Catalytic Studies
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Pareek Vishnu , Zhang Dongke
Published: February 2016

Review: 162 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Reduction of CO2 by Renewable Organohydrides
Authors: Lim Chern‐Hooi , Holder Aaron M. , Hynes James T. , Musgrave Charles B.
Published: February 2016

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Methods of α‐D‐Glucose Pentaacetate
Authors: Huang Gangliang , Tang Qilin , Li Delin , Huang Ying , Zhang Dan
Published: February 2016

Review: 41 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkaloid Synthesis Using Chiral Secondary Amine Organocatalysts
Authors: Ishikawa Hayato , Shiomi Shinya
Published: February 2016

Review: [36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biased Agonism: An Emerging Paradigm in GPCR Drug Discovery
Authors: Rankovic Zoran , Brust Tarsis F. , Bohn Laura M.
Published: February 2016

Review: 124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Upconversion Nanoparticles‐Based Multifunctional Nanocomposites for Combined Cancer Therapy
Authors: Tian Gan , Zhang Xiao , Gu Zhanjun , Zhao Yuliang
Published: February 2016

Review: [85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: State of the Art of Biodiesel Production Processes: A Review of the Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Ruhul A. M. , Kalam M. A. , Masjuki H. H. , Fattah I. M. Rizwanul , Reham S. S. , Rashed M. M.
Published: February 2016

Review: 183 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Effective Parameters on Selective Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenolic Compounds of Pyrolysis Bio‐Oil to High‐Value Hydrocarbons
Authors: Shafaghat Hoda , Rezaei Pouya Sirous , Ashri Wan Daud Wan Mohd
Published: February 2016

Review: 180 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogels Based on Cellulose and Chitin: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Shen Xiaoping , Shamshina Julia L. , Berton Paula , Gurau Gabriela , Rogers Robin D.
Published: February 2016

Review: 314 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Types, Principle, and Characteristics of Tandem High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Its Applications
Authors: Lin Longfei , Lin Hongmei , Zhang Miao , Dong Xiaoxv , Yin Xingbin , Qu Changhai , Ni Jian
Published: February 2016

Review: 132 refs.
Chiral separation on various modified amino alcohol‐derived HPLC chiral stationary phases
Authors: Yu Jeongjae , Lee Jung Mi , Ryoo Jae Jeong
Published: February 2016

3,5‐Dinitrobenzoyl chloride was previously used for the preparation of (R)‐phenylglycinol‐ and (S)‐leucinol‐derived chiral stationary phases. In this study, 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride, 2‐furoyl chloride, 2‐theonyl chloride, 10,11‐dihydro‐5H‐dibenzo[b,f]azepine‐5‐carbonyl chloride, diphenylcarbamoyl chloride, and 1‐adamantanecarbonyl chloride were used to prepare six new phenylglycinol‐derived chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and five new leucinol‐derived CSPs. Using these 11 CSPs, chiral separation of nine π‐acidic amino acid derivatives and five π‐basic compounds was performed, and the separation results were compared. An adamantyl‐derived CSP showed good separation. Chirality 28:276–281, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Current Experimental Methods for Characterizing Protein–Protein Interactions
Authors: Zhou Mi , Li Qing , Wang Renxiao
Published: February 2016

Protein molecules often interact with other partner protein molecules in order to execute their vital functions in living organisms. Characterization of protein–protein interactions thus plays a central role in understanding the molecular mechanism of relevant protein molecules, elucidating the cellular processes and pathways relevant to health or disease for drug discovery, and charting large‐scale interaction networks in systems biology research. A whole spectrum of methods, based on biophysical, biochemical, or genetic principles, have been developed to detect the time, space, and functional relevance of protein–protein interactions at various degrees of affinity and specificity. This article presents an overview of these experimental methods, outlining the principles, strengths and limitations, and recent developments of each type of method.
Randomized trial of a physical activity intervention in women with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Ligibel Jennifer A. , Giobbie‐Hurder Anita , Shockro Laura , Campbell Nancy , Partridge Ann H. , Tolaney Sara M. , Lin Nancy U. , Winer Eric P.
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUND

Exercise interventions improve fitness, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with early‐stage breast cancer, but to the authors' knowledge there are few data regarding the feasibility or potential benefits of exercise in women with metastatic breast cancer.

METHODS

Individuals with metastatic breast cancer were randomized 1:1 to a 16‐week moderate‐intensity exercise intervention or wait‐list control group. Intervention goals included 150 minutes of moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise per week. The baseline and 16‐week evaluations included a modified Bruce Ramp treadmill test, 7‐day Physical Activity Recall interview, and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ C‐30) questionnaire.

RESULTS

A total of 101 participants were randomized (48 to the intervention group and 53 to the control group). The median age of the participants was 49 years, the median time since the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer was 1.1 years, and approximately 42% of participants were undergoing chemotherapy at the time of enrollment. Study attrition was higher in the intervention arm (14 participants vs 8 participants; P = .15). Women randomized to the exercise intervention experienced a nonsignificant increase with regard to minutes of weekly exercise (62.4 minutes vs 46.0 minutes; P = .17) and physical functioning (EORTC QLQ C30: 4.79 vs 0.93 [P = .23] and Bruce Ramp Treadmill test: 0.61 minutes vs 0.37 minutes [P = .35]) compared with control participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Participation in an exercise intervention did not appear to result in significant improvements in physical functioning in a heterogeneous group of women living with advanced breast cancer. Given the significant benefits of exercise in women with early‐stage breast cancer, more work is needed to explore alternative interventions to determine whether exercise could help women with metastatic disease live more fully with fewer symptoms from disease and treatment. Cancer 2016;122:1169–77. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Dynamical Dimension to the Hofmeister Series: Insights from First‐Principles Simulations
Authors: Bekçioğlu‐Neff Gül , Allolio Christoph , Desmukh Yogesh S. , Hansen Michael Ryan , Sebastiani Daniel
Published: February 2016

A systematic characterization of the competing kosmotropic and chaotropic effects of a series of divalent salts on the aqueous H‐bonding structure by means of first‐principles molecular dynamics simulations is presented. The structural properties are quantified by means of experimental and computed 1H NMR chemical shifts, whereby the local environments of cations and anions can be discriminated. Complementary to the well‐established structural features, a dynamical aspect is added to the concept of kosmotropes and chaotropes. The H‐bond dynamics, quantified in terms of the H‐bonding autocorrelation functions, shows a good correlation with the structural kosmotropic and chaotropic modifications, which are commonly referred to as the Hofmeister series. The considerably enhanced (reduced) fluctuations of the H‐bonding network in the hydration shells around the anions (cations) are a complementary dynamical dimension to the concept of kosmotropic/chaotropic behavior of solvated ions.
Using Time‐Dependent Density Functional Theory to Probe the Nature of Donor–Acceptor Stenhouse Adduct Photochromes
Authors: Laurent Adèle D. , Medveď Miroslav , Jacquemin Denis
Published: February 2016

We present the first theoretical investigation of a recently proposed class of photochromes, namely donor–acceptor Stenhouse adduct (DASA) switches [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 8169–8172]. By using density functional theory and its time‐dependent counterpart, we investigate the ground‐ and excited‐state structures, electronic transition energies, and several properties of the two isomeric forms. In addition to demonstrating that the selected level of theory is able to reproduce the main experimental facts, we show that 1) the two forms of the DASA photochromes are close to isoenergetic; 2) the two isomers possess similar total dipole moments, in spite of their very different sizes; 3) both isomers have a zwitterionic nature; 4) the nature of the dipole‐allowed electronic excited state is vastly different in the two forms; and 5) the specific band shape of the extended DASA can be reproduced by vibronic calculations.
Investigation of the Hydrogenation of 5‐Methylfurfural by Noble Metal Nanoparticles in a Microcapillary Reactor
Authors: Gmeiner Julia , Seibicke Max , Behrens Silke , Spliethoff Bernd , Trapp Oliver
Published: February 2016

On‐column reaction gas chromatography (ocRGC) was successfully utilized as high‐throughput platform for monitoring of the conversion and selectivity of hydrogenation of 5‐methylfurfural catalyzed by polymer‐stabilized Ru and Pd nanoparticles. We were able to elucidate the effect of various reaction conditions, mainly together with the catalyst loading on the conversion rate and the selectivity of the reaction. Our strategy yields significant improvements in reaction analysis times and cost effectiveness in comparison to standard methods. We are able to demonstrate that ocRGC approach provides valuable information about the reaction system that gives scientists a tool to design suitable catalytic systems for enhanced sustainable chemistry in the future.
Research Progress on the Indirect Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol
Authors: Du Xian‐Long , Jiang Zheng , Su Dang Sheng , Wang Jian‐Qiang
Published: February 2016

Invited for this month′s cover are the groups of Jian‐Qiang Wang at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Dang Sheng Su at the Institute of Metal Research (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences. The image shows the indirect conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol through hydrogenation of the easily available CO2 derivatives. The Minireview itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201501013.
Analysis and realization of a switched fractional‐order‐capacitor integrator
Authors: Psychalinos Costas , Elwakil Ahmed , Maundy Brent , Allagui Anis
Published: February 2016

Using fractional calculus, we analyze a classical switched‐capacitor integrator when a fractional‐order capacitor is employed in the feed‐forward path. We show that using of a fractional‐order capacitor, significantly large time constants can be realized with capacitances in the feedback path much smaller in value when compared with a conventional switched‐capacitor integrator. Simulations and experimental results using a commercial super‐capacitor with fractional‐order characteristics confirmed via impedance spectroscopy are provided. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Provide extensive support to students with learning differences
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: February 2016

Students with learning differences often benefit from extra support as they transition to college, where they are expected to be independent and self‐directed. Michelle Meyer, director of the Disability Services Office at Centenary College of New Jersey, discussed how Project ABLE helps them make the transition. ABLE stands for Academic Bridges to Learning Effectiveness.
School sued for admitting and then rejecting student
Authors: Charmatz Marc
Published: February 2016

Yet again, a university has admitted a deaf student only to rescind the admission after the student requested auxiliary aids and services, as alleged in a complaint filed by Katherine Daniel‐Rivera against Everglades College (Keiser University) claiming violations of Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act (42 U.S.C. 12181) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (29 U.S.C. 794).
Website offers resources, webinars and community for black disabled students
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: February 2016

The website http://www.blackdisabledandproud.org is now available to students looking for information, resources, and a supportive community for their multiple identities. A group of colleagues working in disability services from historically black colleges and universities and predominantly black colleges and universities, in partnership with the University of the District of Columbia, Howard University, Syracuse University, and the Association on Higher Education And Disability, launched the website to increase the number of black students with disabilities going to college, staying in college and graduating. The group seeks to “provide culturally responsive disability services and classroom instruction to Black and African American college students with disabilities on all campuses in the U.S.” The website was funded by a grant from the Department of Education's Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Resources, and the original Web project still exists at http://www.hbcudisabilityconsortium.org.
Use of evidence‐based therapy and survival in heart failure in Sweden 2003–2012
Authors: Thorvaldsen Tonje , Benson Lina , Dahlström Ulf , Edner Magnus , Lund Lars H.
Published: February 2016

Aims

In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, drug and device therapy improve survival. We studied contemporary trends in utilization of evidence‐based therapy and associated survival.

Methods and results

We studied 5908 patients with NYHA class II–IV heart failure, EF <30%, and duration of heart failure ≥6 months registered in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry between 2003 and 2012. Regression using generalized estimation equations was used to examine temporal trends in crude and risk‐adjusted rates of utilization of evidence‐based heart failure therapy and 30‐day, 1‐year, and 3‐year survival. In 2003 vs. 2012, the risk‐adjusted use of therapy and P‐values for trends were as follows: renin–angiotensin system antagonists, 88% vs. 86% (P = 0.091); beta‐blockers, 85% vs. 93% (P = 0.008); mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, 53% vs. 42% (P < 0.001); CRT, 2.4% vs. 8.2% (P = 0.074); and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators, 4.0% vs. 10.7% (P = 0.004). During the same period, the risk‐adjusted 30‐day, 1‐year, and 3‐year survival was 92% vs. 94% (P = 0.532), 81% vs. 77% (P = 0.260), and 58% vs. 54% (P = 0.425), respectively.

Conclusions

In this large nationwide registry, over the last decade the use of evidence‐based drug therapy was high and remained stable over time, but, despite an increased use of device therapy, the absolute use was poor. This was associated with an absence of improvement in survival. The improvements in therapy and prognosis over the last generation may be levelling off, and efforts should be directed at improving implementation of evidence‐based therapy.
Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of ­Indoloquinoxalin‐6‐ones through Oxidative Mannich Reaction
Authors: Gogoi Anupal , Sau Prasenjit , Ali Wajid , Guin Srimanta , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: February 2016

A Cu‐catalyzed synthesis of indoloquinoxalin‐6‐one has been developed that starts from o‐indolyl‐N,N‐dialkylamines through sp3 C–H bond oxidation α to the nitrogen atom with di‐tert‐butyl peroxide as oxidant. Other heterocycles, such as pyrrole, imidazole and benzimidazole derivatives also reacted successfully to give their respective fused quinoxalin‐6‐one derivatives. In this process, one of the methyl groups is transformed into a carbonyl group.
Access to Imidazole Derivatives by Silver(I) Carbonate Mediated Coupling of Vinyl Azides with Secondary Amines
Authors: Adiyala Praveen Reddy , Borra Satheesh , Kamal Ahmed , Maurya Ram Awatar
Published: February 2016

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of structurally diverse imidazoles by Ag2CO3‐mediated coupling of vinyl azides with secondary amines was developed, and 22 different examples were synthesized in good to high yields. This operationally simple synthetic strategy allows the formation of three new C–N bonds by cascade reactions that involve sp3 C–H functionalization.
Differential contribution of orexin receptors within the ventral tegmental area to modulation of persistent inflammatory pain
Authors: Ezzatpanah S. , Babapour V. , Haghparast A.
Published: February 2016

Background

Orexinergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) play an important role in pain modulation. In addition, ventral tegmental area (VTA) is known as a part of descending pain modulatory circuitry. Little is known about the interaction between the LH and neural substrates involving in modulation of formalin‐induced nociception. Accordingly, we aimed to examine the pain modulatory role of VTA orexin receptors in the formalin test.

Methods

Seventy‐eight male Wistar rats were unilaterally implanted with two cannulae above the LH and VTA. Intra‐VTA administration of SB‐334867 (orexin‐1 receptor antagonist) or TCS OX2 29 (orexin‐2 receptor antagonist) was performed 5 min before intra‐LH microinjection of carbachol (a cholinergic receptor agonist). The procedure was followed by subcutaneous injection of formalin after 5‐min interval time.

Results

Carbachol attenuated formalin‐induced biphasic pain responses and SB‐334867 or TCS OX2 29 administration dose‐dependently antagonized the LH‐induced analgesia during both phases. Blockade of orexin‐1 and ‐2 receptors had more profound effects on the reduction of antinociception during the late phase compared to the early phase. Also, contribution of orexin‐1 receptors in mediation of LH‐induced analgesia was greater than orexin‐2 receptors during the late phase.

Conclusion

Formalin test, a model of persistent inflammatory pain, mimics the conditions encountered in clinical situations. Pain modulatory role of orexinergic system in the formalin test through a neural pathway from the LH to the VTA provides the evidence that orexins can be useful therapeutic targets for chronic pain treatment.

What does this study add?

There is a pathway from the lateral hypothalamus (LH) to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) which modulates biphasic formalin‐induced pain.

Blockade of VTA orexin receptors dose‐dependently reduces LH‐induced analgesia during both phases.

Anti‐analgesic effect of orexin receptor antagonists is more considerable during the late phase.

Contribution of orexin‐1 receptors to mediation of LH‐induced analgesia is more than orexin‐2 receptors during the late phase.
Rapid and Sensitive Determination of Dinotefuran Residue Based on Electrochemical Enhancement of β‐cyclodextrin‐Graphene Composite
Authors: Zhang M. , Zhai X. C. , Yang X. , Zhao H. T. , Dong A. J. , Zhang H. , Wang J. , Liu G. Y.
Published: February 2016

A rapid method for sensitive voltammetric determination of dinotefuran residue was reported. The proposed method was based on the electrocatalytic reduction of dinotefuran on β‐cyclodextrin‐graphene composite modified glassy carbon electrode (β‐CD‐rGO/GCE), giving rise to a higher reduction signal to dinotefuran relative to the bare (GCE) and graphene modified electrode (rGO/GCE). Moreover, a further signal enhancement was observed when the modified electrode incubated in solution at low temperature (0 °C) for a short time. The reduction mechanism and binding affinity were also discussed. The external standard calibration curve was obtained from linear sweep voltammetry in the range of 0.5 to 16.0 μM with a detection limit of 0.10 μM. In addition to optimization of pretreatment, this electrochemical method has been applied to the dinotefuran residue determination in millet samples with the detection limit of 0.01 mg kg−1 and compared with an high performance liquid chromatography method. The proposed electrode and analysis methods were proven to be sensitive, accurate and rapid under the used conditions.
Organic Acid and DNA Sensing with Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Black and Pillar[5]arene
Authors: Smolko Vladimir , Shurpik Dmitry , Evtugyn Vladimir , Stoikov Ivan , Evtugyn Gennady
Published: February 2016

Electrochemical sensor has been proposed on the base of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon black (CB) and pillar[5]arene (P[5]A). The characteristics of the peak currents were found to be sensitive to the incubation of the sensor in organic acid and DNA solution. The detection of n×(10−8–10−5) M of organic acid and down to (1–5)×10−18 g of DNA was attributed to the effect of the analytes on the aggregation and relative stability of oxidized and reduced forms of P[5]A. No signal interference with the alkali and alkali‐earth metal ions was found. The electrochemical sensor was tested in the detection of specific DNA interactions, i.e. reactive oxygen species damage and intercalating pharmaceuticals detection.
Independent Components Analysis of the Overlapping Voltammetric Signals
Authors: Górski Łukasz , Kubiak Władysław W. , Jakubowska Małgorzata
Published: February 2016

This paper introduces the Independent Components Analysis (ICA) to voltammetry and extends possibility of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of binary mixtures of similar oxidation/reduction potentials. It was demonstrated that even in the case of distance between peaks potentials equal to 10 mV, determinations may be realized according to typical validation criteria. The methodology was presented using the simulated data and capabilities and limitations of the method were described. Further, the usefulness of ICA was presented for voltammograms registered during simultaneous determination of copper and antimony, and thallium and indium. The results of high practical importance for chemical analysis were achieved and documented. In the quantitative analysis a property was extensively used, that ICA is an unsupervised method.
An Exfoliated Graphite Based Electrochemical Sensor for As(III) in Water
Authors: Mafa J. P. , Mabuba N. , Arotiba O. A.
Published: February 2016

In this work, we present the application of an exfoliated graphite electrode modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the detection of As(III) in acidic media. Gold nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of an exfoliated graphite electrode by electrodeposition at a potential window of −0.2 V to 1.2 V. This was followed by activation in 0.5 M H2SO4 with 10 cycles from 0.6 V to 1.4 V. The modification of exfoliated graphite (EG) showed an increased electroactive surface area of the electrode and improved peak current output in a Fe(CN)63−/4− redox probe. EG‐AuNPs electrode was used to detect As(III) in 1.0 M HNO3 using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) technique at optimum conditions of pH 3, deposition potential of −0.8 V, deposition time of 180 s, frequency of 5 Hz and pulse amplitude of 50 mV. The EG‐AuNPs electrode detected As(III) in solution to a limit of 0.58 ppb with regression of 0.9993. The method reported is simple, cheap and possesses good reproducibility. The developed electrochemical sensor was applied in the detection of As (III) in an industrial real water sample. The results of the real water sample analysis from the developed method are comparable with the inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES) results.
Glycomics and glycoproteomics of membrane proteins and cell‐surface receptors: Present trends and future opportunities
Authors: Chandler Kevin Brown , Costello Catherine E.
Published: February 2016

Membrane proteins mediate cell–cell interactions and adhesion, the transfer of ions and metabolites, and the transmission of signals from the extracellular environment to the cell interior. The extracellular domains of most cell membrane proteins are glycosylated, often at multiple sites. There is a growing awareness that glycosylation impacts the structure, interaction, and function of membrane proteins. The application of glycoproteomics and glycomics methods to membrane proteins has great potential. However, challenges also arise from the unique physical properties of membrane proteins. Successful analytical workflows must be developed and disseminated to advance functional glycoproteomics and glycomics studies of membrane proteins. This review explores the opportunities and challenges related to glycomic and glycoproteomic analysis of membrane proteins, including discussion of sample preparation, enrichment, and MS/MS analyses, with a focus on recent successful workflows for analysis of N‐ and O‐linked glycosylation of mammalian membrane proteins.
The effects of river restoration on catchment scale flood risk and flood hydrology
Authors: Dixon Simon J. , Sear David A. , Odoni Nicholas A. , Sykes Tim , Lane Stuart N.
Published: February 2016

A rising exposure to flood risk is a predicted consequence of increased development in vulnerable areas and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events due to climate change. In the face of this challenge, a continued reliance on engineered at‐a‐point flood defences is seen as both unrealistic and undesirable. The contribution of ‘soft engineering’ solutions (e.g. riparian forests, wood in rivers) to integrated, catchment scale flood risk management has been demonstrated at small scales but not larger ones. In this study we use reduced complexity hydrological modelling to analyse the effects of land use and channel changes resulting from river restoration upon flood flows at the catchment scale. Results show short sections of river‐floodplain restoration using engineered logjams, typical of many current restoration schemes, have highly variable impacts on catchment‐scale flood peak magnitude and so need to be used with caution as a flood management solution. Forested floodplains have a more general impact upon flood hydrology, with areas in the middle and upper catchment tending to show reductions in peak magnitude at the catchment outflow. The most promising restoration scenarios for flood risk management are for riparian forest restoration at the sub‐catchment scale, representing 20–40% of the total catchment area, where reductions in peak magnitude of up to 19% are observed through de‐synchronization of the timings of sub‐catchment flood waves. Sub‐catchment floodplain forest restoration over 10–15% of total catchment area can lead to reductions in peak magnitude of 6% at 25 years post‐restoration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Alkaloids from Hippeastrum papilio (Ravenna) Van Scheepen
Authors: Guo Ying , de Andrade Jean P. , Pigni Natalia B. , Torras‐Claveria Laura , Tallini Luciana R. , de S. Borges Warley , Viladomat Francesc , Nair Jerald J. , Zuanazzi José A. S. , Bastida Jaume
Published: February 2016

A new phytochemical study of the indigenous Brazilian species Hippeastrum papilio is reported herein. Three novel Amaryllidaceae alkaloids were isolated, including hippapiline (1), papiline (2), and 3‐O‐demethyl‐3‐O‐(3‐hydroxybutanoyl)haemanthamine (3). Their structures were determined by physical and spectroscopic methods. In addition, the known alkaloids, haemanthamine (4), galanthamine (5), narwedine (6), 11β‐hydroxygalanthamine (7), apogalanthamine (8), and 9‐O‐demethyllycosinine B (9) were identified. The unusual cis‐B/C‐ring fusion for the new homolycorine representative hippapiline was ratified by NMR and CD spectroscopy.
Two New 3,4‐seco‐Cycloartane Triterpenes from Gardenia sootepensis
Authors: Song Wei‐Wu , Wang Xue‐Qin , Li Bo
Published: February 2016

Two new 3,4‐seco‐cycloartane triterpenes, named sootepin F (1) and sootepin G (2), together with two known compounds, coronalolide methyl ester (3) and sootepin D (4), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Gardenia sootepensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments, including HMBC, HSQC, 1H,1H‐COSY, and ROESY, as well as HR‐MS.
A Convenient Synthesis of 1‐Alkoxy‐2‐alkyl‐1,2‐dihydroisoquinoline‐3,4‐diones Utilizing the Reaction of 2‐(Dialkoxymethyl)phenyllithiums with Dimethyl Oxalate
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Honda Yuuya , Kuroda Minami
Published: February 2016

A new and convenient method for the preparation of 1,2‐dihydroisoquinoline‐3,4‐diones with alkoxy and alkyl groups at the 4‐ and 3‐positions, respectively, using an easily operated three‐step sequence starting from 2‐(dialkoxymethyl)phenyl bromides has been developed. Thus, the starting materials are treated with BuLi to generate 2‐(dialkoxymethyl)phenyllithiums, which are allowed to react with (COOMe)2 to give methyl 2‐(dialkoxymethyl)phenyl‐2‐oxoacetates. These are then transformed into the corresponding secondary amides by the reaction with primary amines. Treatment of these keto amides with a catalytic amount of TsOH⋅H2O affords the desired products. In order to demonstrate the synthetic utility of these products, transformation of one of them into the corresponding isoquinoline‐1,3,4(2H)‐trione derivative by the oxidation with PCC was achieved.
The Diffusible Signal Factor Family of Bacterial CellCell Signals
Authors: Dow J. Maxwell , Naughton Lynn M. , Hollmann Birte , An Shi‐Qi , Ryan Robert P.
Published: February 2016

Bacterial cell‐to‐cell signals of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family are cis‐2‐unsaturated fatty acids that differ in their chain length and branching patterns. Signaling involving DSF family members occurs in diverse bacteria to include plant and human pathogens. In the majority of these organisms, the perception of DSF is linked to turnover of the second messenger cyclic di‐GMP by one of two “core” pathways. Additional “accessory” signal transduction pathways can also be found, but are not widely conserved. DSF signaling acts to regulate diverse functions to include biofilm formation and architecture, antibiotic resistance, and the production of virulence factors in pathogens. DSF family signals can also participate in interspecies signaling with other bacteria and interkingdom signaling with the yeast Candida albicans. Such interactions may have importance in modifying microbial behavior during polymicrobial infections.
3, 3′, 5‐triiodo‐L‐thyronine Increases In Vitro Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Human Umbilical Cord Stroma Through SRC2
Authors: Fernández‐Pernas Pablo , Fafián‐Labora Juan , Lesende‐Rodriguez Iván , Mateos Jesús , De la Fuente Alexandre , Fuentes Isaac , De Toro Santos Javier , Blanco García Fco. , Arufe María C.
Published: February 2016

Our group focuses on the study of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human umbilical cord stroma or Warthońs jelly and their directed differentiation toward chondrocyte‐like cells capable of regenerating damaged cartilage when transplanted into an injured joint. This study aimed to determine whether lactogenic hormone prolactin (PRL) or 3, 3′, 5‐triiodo‐L‐thyronine (T3), the active thyroid hormone, modulates chondrogenesis in our in vitro model of directed chondrogenic differentiation, and whether Wnt signalling is involved in this modulation. MSCs from human umbilical cord stroma underwent directed differentiation toward chondrocyte‐like cells by spheroid formation. The addition of T3 to the chondrogenic medium increased the expression of genes linked to chondrogenesis like collagen type 2, integrin alpha 10 beta 1, and Sox9 measured by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis. Levels of collagen type 2 and aggrecane analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and staining by Safranin O were increased after 14 days in spheroid culture with T3 compared to those without T3 or only with PRL. B‐catenin, Frizzled, and GSK‐3β gene expressions were significantly higher in spheroids cultured with chondrogenic medium (CM) plus T3 compared to CM alone after 14 days in culture. The increase of chondrogenic differentiation was inhibited when the cells were treated with T3 plus ML151, an inhibitor of the T3 steroid receptor. This work demonstrates, for first time, that T3 promotes differentiation towards chondrocytes‐like cells in our in vitro model, that this differentiation is mediated by steroid receptor co‐activator 2 (SRC2) and does not induce hypertrophy. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2097–2108, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Grb7 and Hax1 may colocalize partially to mitochondria in EGF‐treated SKBR3 cells and their interaction can affect Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1
Authors: Qian Lei , Bradford Andrew M. , Cooke Peter H. , Lyons Barbara A.
Published: February 2016

Growth factor receptor bound protein 7 (Grb7) is a signal‐transducing adaptor protein that mediates specific protein–protein interactions in multiple signaling pathways. Grb7, with Grb10 and Grb14, is members of the Grb7 protein family. The topology of the Grb7 family members contains several protein‐binding domains that facilitate the formation of protein complexes, and high signal transduction efficiency. Grb7 has been found overexpressed in several types of cancers and cancer cell lines and is presumed involved in cancer progression through promotion of cell proliferation and migration via interactions with the erythroblastosis oncogene B 2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) receptor, focal adhesion kinase, Ras‐GTPases, and other signaling partners. We previously reported Grb7 binds to Hax1 (HS1 associated protein X1) isoform 1, an anti‐apoptotic protein also involved in cell proliferation and calcium homeostasis. In this study, we confirm that thein vitroGrb7/Hax1 interaction is exclusive to these two proteins and their interaction does not depend on Grb7 dimerization state. In addition, we report Grb7 and Hax1 isoform 1 may colocalize partially to mitochondria in epidermal growth factor‐treated SKBR3 cells and growth conditions can affect this colocalization. Moreover, Grb7 can affect Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1 isoform 1in vitro, and Grb7 expression may slow Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1 isoform 1 in apoptotic HeLa cells. Finally, Grb7 is shown to increase cell viability in apoptotic HeLa cells in a time‐dependent manner. Taken together, these discoveries provide clues for the role of a Grb7/Hax1 protein interaction in apoptosis pathways involving Hax1. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diffusion tensor imaging of the human kidney: Does image registration permit scanning without respiratory triggering?
Authors: Seif Maryam , Mani Laila Yasmin , Lu Huanxiang , Boesch Chris , Reyes Mauricio , Vogt Bruno , Vermathen Peter
Published: February 2016

Purpose

To investigate if image registration of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) allows omitting respiratory triggering for both transplanted and native kidneys

Materials and Methods

Nine kidney transplant recipients and eight healthy volunteers underwent renal DTI on a 3T scanner with and without respiratory triggering. DTI images were registered using a multimodal nonrigid registration algorithm. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), the contribution of perfusion (FP), and the fractional anisotropy (FA) were determined. Relative root mean square errors (RMSE) of the fitting and the standard deviations of the derived parameters within the regions of interest (SDROI) were evaluated as quality criteria.

Results

Registration significantly reduced RMSE in all DTI‐derived parameters of triggered and nontriggered measurements in cortex and medulla of both transplanted and native kidneys (P < 0.05 for all). In addition, SDROI values were lower with registration for all 16 parameters in transplanted kidneys (14 of 16 SDROI values were significantly reduced, P < 0.04) and for 15 of 16 parameters in native kidneys (9 of 16 SDROI values were significantly reduced, P < 0.05). Comparing triggered versus nontriggered DTI in transplanted kidneys revealed no significant difference for RMSE (P > 0.14) and for SDROI (P > 0.13) of all parameters. In contrast, in native kidneys relative RMSE from triggered scans were significantly lower than those from nontriggered scans (P < 0.02), while SDROI was slightly higher in triggered compared to nontriggered measurements in 15 out of 16 comparisons (significantly for two, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Registration improves the quality of DTI in native and transplanted kidneys. Diffusion parameters in renal allografts can be measured without respiratory triggering. In native kidneys, respiratory triggering appears advantageous. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:327–334.
Actinophage R4 integrase‐based site‐specific chromosomal integration of non‐replicative closed circular DNA
Authors: Miura Takamasa , Nishizawa Akito , Nishizawa Tomoyasu , Asayama Munehiko , Shirai Makoto
Published: February 2016

The actinophage R4 integrase (Sre)‐based molecular genetic engineering system was developed for the chromosomal integration of multiple genes in Escherichia coli. A cloned DNA fragment containing two attP sites, green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a first transgene, and an antibiotic resistance gene as a selection marker was self‐ligated to generate non‐replicative closed circular DNA (nrccDNA) for integration. nrccDNA was introduced into attB‐inserted E. coli cells harboring the plasmid expressing Sre by electroporation. The expressed Sre catalyzed site‐specific integration between one of the two attP sites on nrccDNA and the attB site on the E. coli chromosome. The integration frequency was affected by the chromosomal location of the target site. A second nrccDNA containing two attB sites, lacZα encoding the alpha fragment of β‐galactosidase as a transgene, and another antibiotic resistance gene was integrated into the residual attP site on the gfp‐integrated E. coli chromosome via one of the two attB sites according to reiterating site‐specific recombination. The integrants clearly exhibited β‐galactosidase activity and green fluorescence, suggesting the simultaneous expression of multiple recombinant proteins in E. coli. The results of the present study showed that a step‐by‐step integration procedure using nrccDNA achieved the chromosomal integration of multiple genes.
Amylose Stereoselectively Includes Poly(d‐alanine) to Form Inclusion Complex in Vine‐Twining Polymerization: A Novel Saccharide–Peptide Supramolecular Conjugate
Authors: Gotanda Ryuya , Yamamoto Kazuya , Kadokawa Jun‐ichi
Published: February 2016

In this study, it is found that amylose stereoselectively includes poly(d‐alanine) in the polyalanine stereoisomers in vine‐twining polymerization to form the corresponding inclusion complex, a novel saccharide–peptide supramolecular conjugate. The vine‐twining polymerization is performed by thermostable phosphorylase‐catalyzed enzymatic polymerization, which produces amylose, in the presence of poly(d‐alanine), poly(l‐alanine), or poly(dl‐alanine) dispersed in aqueous buffer solvent. The X‐ray diffraction and 1H NMR measurements of the products indicate that the inclusion complex is formed from poly(d‐alanine), whereas the systems using the other stereoisomers do not induce the inclusion complexation. The analytical results and the guest exchange experiment suggest the that average molecular ratio of amylose to poly(d‐alanine) is 1:1, and the host cavity is partially occupied by the guest.

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Mitochondrial Respiratory Function in Peripheral Blood Cells from Huntington's Disease Patients
Authors: Ehinger Johannes K. , Morota Saori , Hansson Magnus J. , Paul Gesine , Elmér Eskil
Published: February 2016

Background

Patients with Huntington's disease display symptoms from both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated as part of the pathogenesis of the disease and has been reported in brain tissue and extracerebral tissues, such as muscle and blood cells, but the results are inconsistent. Therefore, the authors performed a refined evaluation of mitochondrial function in 2 types of peripheral blood cells from 14 patients with Huntington's disease and 21 control subjects. Several hypotheses were predefined, including impaired mitochondrial complex II function (primary), complex I function (secondary), and maximum oxidative phosphorylation capacity (secondary) in patient cells.

Methods

High‐resolution respirometry was applied to viable platelets and mononuclear cells. Data were normalized to cell counts, citrate synthase activity, and mitochondrial DNA copy numbers.

Results

Normalized to citrate synthase activity, platelets from patients with Huntington's disease displayed respiratory dysfunction linked to complex I, complex II, and lower maximum oxidative phosphorylation capacity. No difference was seen in mononuclear cells or when platelet data were normalized to cell counts or mitochondrial DNA. The ratio of complex I respiration through maximum oxidative phosphorylation was significantly decreased in patients compared with controls. The corresponding ratio for complex II was unaffected.

Conclusions

The data indicate decreased function of mitochondrial complex I in peripheral blood cells from patients with Huntington's disease, although this could not be uniformly confirmed. The results do not confirm a systemic complex II dysfunction and do not currently support the use of mitochondrial function in blood cells as a biomarker for the disease.