bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIGURE 1 from Whole-genome CpG-resolution DNA Methylation Profiling of HNSCC Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis for Fine-scale HPV+ Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Qin Tingting , Li Shiting , Henry Leanne E. , Chou Elysia , Cavalcante Raymond G. , Garb Bailey F. , D'Silva Nisha J. , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A.
Published: August 2023

Overview of methylation in the 36 HNSCC samples shows distinct patterns and hypermethylation in the IMU HPV(+) subtype. A, UMAP based on methylation levels. B, Consensus clustering (k = 5) using the top 5,000 variable CpG regions based on median absolute deviation values, along with the heat map visualization. C, SVD analysis based on the eight PCs of methylation in the cohort. Average methylation across gene body (D), promoter (E), and CpG islands (F) in normal epithelial cell lines, IMU, KRT subtypes and HPV(−) tumors. G, Genomic locations of the identified hyper-DMRs (hypermethylated in first group compared with second; dark red) and hypo-DMRs (hypomethylated in first group compared with second; dark blue) from each comparison. A comparable number of regions were randomly generated (in light grey) and their genomic locations were compared with the DMR locations. The regions significantly enriched in DMRs as compared with random regions are denoted by red asterisks (Fisher exact test, Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted P value < 0.05 and OR > 1.5). H, Average methylation at cis-eQTM regions grouped by HPV(+) HNSCC subtypes (IMU and KRT) and HPV(−) HNSCC. I, Correlation between the average methylation at cis-eQTM regions and HNSCC-related pathway scores, including EMT, keratinocyte differentiation, T-cell activation, and respiratory ETC.
Hypoxia Promotes Atrial Tachyarrhythmias via Opening of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels
Authors: Specterman Mark J. , Aziz Qadeer , Li Yiwen , Anderson Naomi A. , Ojake Leona , Ng Keat-Eng , Thomas Alison M. , Finlay Malcolm C. , Schilling Richard J. , Lambiase Pier D. , Tinker Andrew
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Hypoxia-ischemia predisposes to atrial arrhythmia. Atrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K
ATP
) modulation during hypoxia has not been explored. We investigated the effects of hypoxia on atrial electrophysiology in mice with global deletion of K
ATP
pore-forming subunits.

METHODS:

Whole heart K
ATP
RNA expression was probed. Whole-cell K
ATP
current and action potentials were recorded in isolated wild-type (WT), Kir6.1 global knockout (6.1-gKO), and Kir6.2 global knockout (6.2-gKO) murine atrial myocytes. Langendorff-perfused hearts were assessed for atrial effective refractory period (ERP), conduction velocity, wavefront path length (WFPL), and arrhymogenicity under normoxia/hypoxia using a microelectrode array and programmed electrical stimulation. Heart histology was assessed.

RESULTS:

Expression patterns were essentially identical for all K
ATP
subunit RNA across human heart, whereas in mouse, Kir6.1 and SUR2 (sulphonylurea receptor subunit) were higher in ventricle than atrium, and Kir6.2 and SUR1 were higher in atrium. Compared with WT, 6.2-gKO atrial myocytes had reduced tolbutamide-sensitive current and action potentials were more depolarized with slower upstroke and reduced peak amplitude. Action potential duration was prolonged in 6.1-gKO atrial myocytes, absent of changes in other ion channel gene expression or atrial myocyte hypertrophy. In Langendorff-perfused hearts, baseline atrial ERP was prolonged and conduction velocity reduced in both K
ATP
knockout mice compared with WT, without histological fibrosis. Compared with baseline, hypoxia led to conduction velocity slowing, stable ERP, and WFPL shortening in WT and 6.1-gKO hearts, whereas WFPL was stable in 6.2-gKO hearts due to ERP prolongation with conduction velocity slowing. Tolbutamide reversed hypoxia-induced WFPL shortening in WT and 6.1-gKO hearts through ERP prolongation. Atrial tachyarrhythmias inducible with programmed electrical stimulation during hypoxia in WT and 6.1-gKO mice correlated with WFPL shortening. Spontaneous arrhythmia was not seen.

CONCLUSIONS:

K
ATP
block/absence leads to cellular and tissue level atrial electrophysiological modification. Kir6.2 global knockout prevents hypoxia-induced atrial WFPL shortening and atrial arrhythmogenicity to programmed electrical stimulation. This mechanism could be explored translationally to treat ischemically driven atrial arrhythmia.
Better Life's Essential 8 Is Associated With Lower Risk of Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Community‐Based Study
Authors: Gao Jingli , Liu Yang , Ning Ning , Wang Jing , Li Xiaolan , Wang Aitian , Chen Shuohua , Guo Liang , Wu Zhaogui , Qin Xueying , Ma Yanan , Wu Shouling
Published: August 2023

Background

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common diabetic complication and increases the complexity of diabetes management. No prospective study has focused on the association between DKD and Life's Essential 8 (LE8). Our study aims to examine the association between LE8 and DKD risk.

Methods and Results

A total of 7605 participants, aged 54.32±9.77 years, and 4688 participants, aged 56.11±10.38 years, were included in the longitudinal and trajectory analyses, respectively, from 2006 to 2020. The DKD was confirmed using data collected during each follow‐up. LE8 was based on 4 health behaviors and 4 health factors. The range of each metric was 0 to 100, and the overall LE8 score was calculated as the unweighted average of all 8 component metric scores. The trajectories of LE8 during 2006 to 2010 were classified using latent mixture models. Cox models and restricted cubic splines were applied. After a median follow‐up of 12.41 and 6.71 years in longitudinal and trajectory analyses, respectively, the DKD incidence decreased, with the LE8 level increasing (
P
‐trend<0.05), and the linearity assumption for this relationship (
P
‐nonlinear=0.685) had been satisfied. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest tertile were 0.77 (95% CI, 0.69–0.87) and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.62–0.78) in baseline and time‐updated LE8 scores, respectively, compared with the lowest tertile. Adjusted HR was 0.53 (95% CI, 0.41–0.69) for the stable‐high pattern compared with the stable‐low pattern.

Conclusions

Although LE8 is an indicator of cardiovascular health, the beneficial impact of a high LE8 score is also evident in the protection of renal health among patients with diabetes.
The Shortcomings of Video Conferencing Technology, Methods for Revealing Them, and Emerging XR Solutions
Authors: Hove Dani Paul , Watson Benjamin
Published: August 2023

Video conferencing has become a central part of our daily lives, thanks to the COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, so have its many limitations, resulting in poor support for communicative and social behavior and ultimately, “Zoom fatigue.” New technologies will be required to address these limitations, including many drawn from mixed reality (XR). In this paper, our goals are to equip and encourage future researchers to develop and test such technologies. Toward this end, we first survey research on the shortcomings of video conferencing systems, as defined before and after the pandemic. We then consider the methods that research uses to evaluate support for communicative behavior, and argue that those same methods should be employed in identifying, improving, and validating promising video conferencing technologies. Next, we survey emerging XR solutions to video conferencing's limitations, most of which do not employ head-mounted displays. We conclude by identifying several opportunities for video conferencing research in a post-pandemic, hybrid working environment.
Concept-Based Language Instruction Effects for Second and Heritage Language Learners: The Case of Korean Speech Level
Authors: Yoon Hye Min , Bond Kaylen , Walter Daniel R.
Published: August 2023

Concept-Based Language Instruction (C-BLI) has been shown to be an effective approach for teaching second language (L2) learners complex grammatical features. However, it is unclear whether C-BLI is equally effective for heritage language (HL) learners. 30 L2 and 27 HL learners of Korean completed a series of tasks designed in a pre-intervention-post-test model that focused on speech level through verbal morphology of honorific second-person address forms. The positive change seen in self-reported understanding of speech level from pre- to post-test in both groups was not significantly different, indicating equal self-reported gains in understanding, regardless of group. However, the qualitative analysis showed differences in the ways that L2 and HL learners verbalized their understanding and appropriateness judgments of speech level. The findings provide evidence that HL learners benefit equally in overall growth, although slightly differently in how they develop, from C-BLI.
Giving Spoilers the Space: How Transparency Efforts Doomed the Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (ttip)
Authors: Noteboom Vincent J. W.
Published: August 2023

The Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (ttip) underwent three years of negotiations by the EU and US, both experienced and capable negotiators, yet the negotiations failed, raising questions. This article delves into the factors that caused ttip’s demise by examining the negotiation structure, the impact of secrecy versus transparency, and the disruptive influence of spoilers. The change in negotiation structure caused a cascading effect, enabling disruptive actors to flourish, and causing the negotiators to switch from an integrative negotiation strategy into a distributive strategy. To enhance the chances of success and avoid similar pitfalls, this article presents recommendations: (1) maintaining a consistent negotiation structure, (2) coordinating any structural changes with the negotiation partner, (3) expanding the agreement’s scope to garner more internal political support, and (4) establishing political backing before commencing negotiations. By addressing these issues, future negotiations can mitigate risks and improve their chances of achieving desired outcomes.
Children Vicariously Bearing the Future of the Faiths
Authors: Darmanin Mary
Published: August 2023

This article assesses the role of children in perpetuating the chain of memory of the faiths in Europe. Drawing on indepth interviews with parents/guardians and fifty-two children on the religious socialization of Roman Catholic, Muslim, and non-religious children in Malta, it argues that Roman Catholic children are now the bearers of “vicarious religion” of communities that have become “unchurched,” while Muslim children steady the “precarious” memory of Islam in Europe. The article explores how children propel adults’ religious practices, keeping parents and grandparents connected to the faiths, churches, and mosques. Given the moral panic regarding voluntary childlessness as a threat to the perpetuation of the faiths, the vital role children play in the chain of religious memory is acknowledged.
Is Secularization a Pervasive Trend in Europe?
Authors: Meulemann Heiner , Schmidt-Catran Alexander W.
Published: August 2023

Between 2002 and 2016, church attendance and self-attributed religiosity declines linearly, if all countries included in the European Social Survey are taken together. This analysis differentiates within Europe between two ideological and three denominational divides. Two questions are examined. First, is secularization pervasive across these groups? Second, how pervasive does secularization remain as a macro-level trend, when cohort membership and other individual-level qualities are controlled for? We find that the trend in secularization is well-explained by cohort succession in Western as well as in Catholic and Protestant countries. In Eastern Orthodox countries, however, an increase in religiosity is observed, which cannot be explained by individual-level properties. We speculate that it is triggered by a coalition of national churches and political elites.
4. PHYLA: ‘Shared Innovations’ among the Reading Traditions
Authors: Kantor Benjamin Paul
Published: August 2023

In recent decades, the field of Biblical Hebrew philology and linguistics has been witness to a growing interest in the diverse traditions of Biblical Hebrew. Indeed, while there is a tendency for many students and scholars to conceive of Biblical Hebrew as equivalent with the Tiberian pointing of the Leningrad Codex as it appears in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS), there are many other important reading traditions attested throughout history.
5. WAVES: Influence, Contact, and Convergence
Authors: Kantor Benjamin Paul
Published: August 2023

In recent decades, the field of Biblical Hebrew philology and linguistics has been witness to a growing interest in the diverse traditions of Biblical Hebrew. Indeed, while there is a tendency for many students and scholars to conceive of Biblical Hebrew as equivalent with the Tiberian pointing of the Leningrad Codex as it appears in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS), there are many other important reading traditions attested throughout history.
Spatially Explicit Correction of Simulated Urban Air Temperatures Using Crowdsourced Data
Authors: Brousse Oscar , Simpson Charles , Kenway Owain , Martilli Alberto , Krayenhoff E. Scott , Zonato Andrea , Heaviside Clare
Published: August 2023

Urban climate model evaluation often remains limited by a lack of trusted urban weather observations. The increasing density of personal weather sensors (PWSs) make them a potential rich source of data for urban climate studies that address the lack of representative urban weather observations. In our study, we demonstrate that carefully quality-checked PWS data not only improve urban climate models’ evaluation but can also serve for bias correcting their output prior to any urban climate impact studies. After simulating near-surface air temperatures over London and southeast England during the hot summer of 2018 with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model and its building Effect parameterization with the building energy model (BEP–BEM) activated, we evaluated the modeled temperatures against 402 urban PWSs and showcased a heterogeneous spatial distribution of the model’s cool bias that was not captured using official weather stations only. This finding indicated a need for spatially explicit urban bias corrections of air temperatures, which we performed using an innovative method using machine learning to predict the models’ biases in each urban grid cell. This bias-correction technique is the first to consider that modeled urban temperatures follow a nonlinear spatially heterogeneous bias that is decorrelated from urban fraction. Our results showed that the bias correction was beneficial to bias correct daily minimum, daily mean, and daily maximum temperatures in the cities. We recommend that urban climate modelers further investigate the use of quality-checked PWSs for model evaluation and derive a framework for bias correction of urban climate simulations that can serve urban climate impact studies.

Significance Statement

Urban climate simulations are subject to spatially heterogeneous biases in urban air temperatures. Common validation methods using official weather stations do not suffice for detecting these biases. Using a dense set of personal weather sensors in London, we detect these biases before proposing an innovative way to correct them with machine learning techniques. We argue that any urban climate impact study should use such a technique if possible and that urban climate scientists should continue investigating paths to improve our methods.
Moored Observations of the West Greenland Coastal Current along the Southwest Greenland Shelf
Authors: Foukal Nicholas P. , Pickart Robert S.
Published: August 2023

We present the first continuous mooring records of the West Greenland Coastal Current (WGCC), a conduit of fresh, buoyant outflow from the Arctic Ocean and the Greenland Ice Sheet. Nearly two years of temperature, salinity, and velocity data from 2018 to 2020 demonstrate that the WGCC on the southwest Greenland shelf is a well-formed current distinct from the shelfbreak jet but exhibits strong chaotic variability in its lateral position on the shelf, ranging from the coastline to the shelf break (50 km offshore). We calculate the WGCC volume and freshwater transports during the 35% of the time when the mooring array fully bracketed the current. During these periods, the WGCC remains as strong (0.83 ± 0.02 Sverdrups; 1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) as the East Greenland Coastal Current (EGCC) on the southeast Greenland shelf (0.86 ± 0.05 Sv) but is saltier than the EGCC and thus transports less liquid freshwater (30 × 10−3 Sv in the WGCC vs 42 × 10−3 Sv in the EGCC). These results indicate that a significant portion of the liquid freshwater in the EGCC is diverted from the coastal current as it rounds Cape Farewell. We interpret the dominant spatial variability of the WGCC as an adjustment to upwelling-favorable wind forcing on the West Greenland shelf and a separation from the coastal bathymetric gradient. An analysis of the winds near southern Greenland supports this interpretation, with nonlocal winds on the southeast Greenland shelf impacting the WGCC volume transport more strongly than local winds over the southwest Greenland shelf.
The Victim–Offender Overlap in Intimate Partner Violence: A Within-Individual Approach
Authors: Tanskanen Maiju
Published: August 2023

The aim of the current study is to contribute to the understanding on whether the victim–offender overlap in intimate partner violence (IPV) is a product of population heterogeneity or state dependency between victimization and offending. The study uses a large data set of Finnish police-recorded IPV victims ( N = 13,452) and offenders ( N = 13,061) to assess whether IPV victimization and offending are temporally associated over and above stable individual differences. The results indicate that the associations between IPV victimization and offending are not fully explained by population heterogeneity, as they persist in the within-individual analyses for both directions and genders. Gender, however, seems to affect the magnitude and robustness of the associations. Further research is needed on the mechanisms driving these results.
Comparative Efficacy of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate and Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate for Acute Hyperkalemia: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Gonzalez Jimmy , Nayyar Deepika
Published: August 2023

Background: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) is a nonselective sodium-potassium exchange resin commonly used along with intravenous (IV) insulin, albuterol, furosemide, and/or calcium for the treatment of acute hyperkalemia. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) is a newer non-absorbed exchange resin that preferentially increases fecal potassium excretion from the gastrointestinal tract. Limited data exists on the efficacy of SZC for the treatment of acute hyperkalemia. Objectives: To assess the achievement of normokalemia (serum potassium level [K+] 3.5-5.2 mmol/L) within 24 hours after administration of SZC or SPS in combination with insulin regular IV push. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective chart review (2020-2021) using electronic medical records at an academic health system. The study population included adult patients receiving one or more doses of SZC or SPS in combination with IV insulin for acute hyperkalemia (K+ >5.2 mmol/L). Patients receiving dialysis were excluded. Serum chemistries were assessed at baseline and an additional 2 values within 24 hours to determine normokalemia and hypokalemia at each follow-up. Results: Of 141 patients included, 51 received SZC and 90 received SPS. Normokalemia at the first follow-up was achieved in 51.0% of patients receiving SZC and 46.7% of patients receiving SPS ( P = .622) and was sustained in 35.3%versus 44.4% ( P = .289) of patients within 24 hours. Mean serum potassium differences from baseline to first follow-up were similar between SZC and SPS groups (0.9 mmol/L vs 1.0 mmol/L). Hypokalemia within 24 hours of administration occurred in 4 patients—1 in SZC, 3 in SPS. Conclusion: Both SZC and SPS yielded similar rates of normokalemia achievement with IV insulin for the treatment of acute hyperkalemia. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Differential flat & PSO based photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control under partial shading condition
Authors: Li Duo , Wang Xu , Wang Juan , Zhou Zhenxiong
Published: August 2023

The use of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology has significantly increased the conversion efficiency of PV modules. However, the presence of partial shading in PV arrays can lead to multi-peaked output curves, which traditional MPPT methods struggle to track due to falling into local maximum power points. The paper proposes a MPPT control algorithm based on the combination of differential flat control (DFBC) and adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm. The PSO output value is used as the feed-forward feedback input of differential flat, and a second-order controller is used to track the reference flat trajectory, achieving global MPPT through differential flat control. The algorithm can overcome the system oscillation caused by the randomness of the PSO algorithm with the initialized particle position and the existence of control lag misjudgment. Simulation and experimental results show that the algorithm not only solves the problem that the traditional MPPT algorithm cannot find the global maximum power point, but also solves the problems that the traditional particle swarm algorithm has large randomness, slow convergence speed, and easy to produce large oscillations. The algorithm has greatly improved the tracking accuracy, tracking speed and response speed, realizing fast and accurate response to external changes, reducing energy loss, and improving the dynamic tracking performance of the system.
The design of underwater tactile force sensor with differential pressure structure and backpropagation neural network calibration
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Han Pengyang , Liu Qunpo , Li Shasha , Li Bin
Published: August 2023

The underwater tactile force measurement was prone to cross-sensitivity, causing the difficulty in distinguishing tactile force signal with the underwater complex environment of water pressure influence. For this problem, an underwater tactile force sensor whose sensing core was based on Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) was designed with differential pressure typed structure. The hollow hemispherical flexible contacts located at the upper and lower end, and the hollow cylindrical shell in the middle part composed the structure of the capsule-shaped sensor. The upper flexible contact could sense the compound signal composed of water pressure and tactile force, at the same time, the lower flexible contact could measure the water pressure information. The deformation signal of the upper and lower flexible contacts could be transformed to the force sensor core’s upper and lower surfaces with silicon oil filled in the inner hollow part of the sensor. The tactile force signal could be obtained with water pressure eliminated through vector superposition method under the influence of static pressure of water. The structure and manufacture technology were introduced, and the Backpropagation (BP) neural network data regression algorithm was designed for the cross sensitivity. The experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the differential pressure structure in eliminating the influence of water static pressure. The results indicated that the BP neural network data regression algorithm successfully produced real tactile force signals, which is highly beneficial for the intelligent operation of underwater dexterous hand. Additionally, the sensor has an accuracy of 5%.
Bound to Lead: US-Taiwan Relations, Security Networks, and The Future of AUKUS
Authors: Lai Christina
Published: August 2023

In 2021 the US, UK, and Australia established a trilateral security partnership known as AUKUS. This new security arrangement carries strategic implications for Taiwan's national security and prospects for regional order in Asia. It also leads to empirical puzzles: how will members of multiple alliances respond to rising threats? Under what conditions can a patron state avoid unwanted entrapment and imperial overstretch?

This article contributes to existing scholarship in US foreign policy and alliance management in Asia. It offers concrete thoughts on how a US policy of strategic clarity toward Taiwan and its contingency would enhance AUKUS's resilience, while US allies in Asia and Europe could maintain a collective stance of strategic ambiguity that would lessen internal tensions among the member states. Such an arrangement could not only help stabilize Asia's regional order, but also secure Taiwan's autonomy against Beijing's forced reunification.
Using a systems thinking approach to explore the complex relationships between schizophrenia and premature mortality
Authors: Ali Suhailah , Wright Eryn , Charlson Fiona
Published: August 2023

Background:

People with schizophrenia have a higher risk of mortality compared to the general population, which has not improved over time. The majority of premature deaths are due to comorbid physical diseases, driven by interrelated factors operating at the individual level, through health systems and influenced by social determinants of health. A holistic understanding of this problem and the causal pathways linking these factors together is lacking.

Aims:

This study aims to understand why the mortality gap between people with schizophrenia and the general population is not improving by developing a causal loop diagram (CLD), a systems thinking approach which enables empirical research and theoretical knowledge to be combined into a visual representation of causal relationships and feedback loops.

Method:

The CLD was constructed using published literature, including both quantitative and qualitative studies, to identify key variables and relationships, and refined through consultation with experts in the topic area.

Results:

A total of 21 variables and 68 connections were included in the CLD, with 23 distinct feedback loops identified. Stigma and social support had the most connections, while unemployment was involved in the greatest number of feedback loops. Most feedback mechanisms served to reinforce behavioural risk factors, inadequate healthcare and social disadvantage.

Conclusions:

The CLD has created a holistic and dynamic understanding of the causal pathways driving the mortality gap between people with schizophrenia and the general population, providing insights into why it has persisted over time. One of the key findings was the critical role of social determinants in shaping health outcomes, highlighting the need for person-centred models of care and multisectoral government action.
Suicidal behaviour among adults in Cabo Verde in 2020
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl
Published: August 2023

Background:

The aim of the investigation was to evaluate past 12-month suicidal behaviour (PSB) among adults in Cabo Verde.

Methods:

Data from 4,563 adults (mean age 41.4 years) that participated in the 2020 Cabo Verde STEPS survey were analysed.

Results:

Results indicate that the proportion of PSB (attempt 0.6%, plan 1.5% and ideation 3.3%) was 3.7% (2.4% men/5.0% women). In adjusted logistic regression analysis, younger age, female sex, unemployed, widowed or divorced, alcohol family problem, heart attack, angina or stroke, current smokeless tobacco use and low fruit/vegetable intake were associated with PSB.

Conclusion:

Almost 4% of participants had PSB and several associated factors were identified that can guide public health interventions.
Researching Green Process Innovation Across Borders and Boundaries Through Collaborative Inquiry
Authors: Coughlan Paul , Bellini Roberta , Bello-Dambatta Aisha , Dallison Richard , Dreyer-Gibney Katrin , Gallagher John , Harris Ian , McNabola Aonghus , Mitrovic Djordje , Murali Madhu , Novara Daniele , Patil Sopan , Rigby Alex , Ritsos Panagiotis , Schestak Isabel , Singh Ajeet , Walker Nathan , Williams Prysor
Published: August 2023

Research involving multistakeholder collaborative partnerships is growing, as both academia and funding agencies align their objectives with societal challenges and undertake research in the context of application. In particular, the UN sustainable development goals mandate green process innovation research that transcends disciplinary boundaries. Responding to this opportunity, this article explores the question: how can researchers, as societal stakeholders, collaborate in the design and implementation of a green process innovation research initiative and produce actionable research-based contributions to knowledge? Drawing upon our shared experience of realizing green process innovation, we describe and conceptualize the collaborative inquiry process, reflecting on the interplay of modes of knowledge production and the complementarity of researchers’ roles. We conclude by noting how researchers collaborating in a green process innovation initiative can shape the environment in which Transdisciplinary research (TDR) develops and play different roles enabling breadth and diversity of interaction, depth of disciplinary integration, and production of different types of knowledge.
A Turkish Mayor Goes to Moscow: Vedat Dalokay and Development Politics in the 1970s
Authors: Hirst Samuel J. , Khajei Aydın , Kaptan Deniz
Published: August 2023

In 1975, the mayor of Ankara requested Soviet assistance to build a public transportation system and affordable housing in the Turkish capital. This article uses Vedat Dalokay's appeal as a window into international development politics during a transformative decade. The 1970s saw growing leftism in Turkey, and Dalokay hoped that progressive urban planning would solidify voting trends among rural-to-urban migrants. He sought to introduce a new ideological element into Soviet–Turkish exchange, but politicians and academics in Moscow dismissed Dalokay's class-oriented projects. Instead, they increased their investments in the steel mills and electricity plants that were hallmarks of Soviet economic exchanges with the Third World. Whereas Dalokay's aspirations emerged from a Turkish intellectual climate that was being reshaped by dependency theory and by disillusionment in the possibilities for growth within boundaries defined by the political borders of nation-states, Soviet economists and bureaucrats remained wedded to the idea of development defined in terms of the territorial economy. The Ankara municipality eventually turned to Western Europe, but the Turkish government continued to negotiate gas pipelines and nuclear power plants with the Soviet and post-Soviet Russian governments. This article explores the ideological assumptions that have shaped economic exchange across the Black Sea.
Nationalist Interests in the Intellectual Cooperation Work of the League of Nations: The Case of Portugal
Authors: Bermejo Roldán Jesús Manuel
Published: August 2023

How did Portugal confirm its national interests while integrated into an institution that promoted visions of an international community? This article addresses the central question of this peripheral country's response to two proposals put forward by the Organisation for Intellectual Cooperation in the 1930s inter-war period: the revision of textbooks and the use of broadcasting for peace. After a brief analysis of the institutional aspects and Portugal's integration into the system of intellectual cooperation, the article examines how Portugal addressed two issues of national relevance in a transnational context. Based on extensive archival research, this article starts from the premise of whether Portugal's nationalist stance prevented it from adhering to two resolutions that sought moral disarmament. More broadly, this article aims to contribute to the renewed interest in revisiting the history of the League of Nations by focusing on projects devised by the technical organs of intellectual cooperation.
Cause-Related Marketing as Sales Promotion
Authors: Schamp Christina , Heitmann Mark , Peers Yuri , Leeflang Peter S.H.
Published: August 2023

This study presents the first field investigation of the sales impact of cause-related marketing promotions (CMPs) in retail settings. Whereas prior work primarily studies CMPs in simplified experimental settings, actual fast-moving consumer goods markets are considerably more complex; ergo, consumers are unlikely to consider and evaluate all brands and CMPs in detail. In this analysis based on 63 CMPs across 20 categories, the authors therefore investigate the short-term sales impact of CMPs as a function of the brand and category context in which they are executed. On average, CMPs run 11 weeks and donate 3.2% of product price, resulting in an average sales lift of 4.9% per week. The findings suggest that a necessary precondition for CMP success is that consumers notice it at the point of sale and hence have considered the CMP brand for reasons other than the CMP itself. Accordingly, the sales impact of CMP can more than double when the category assortment is smaller, the category has less price dispersion, the brand is a category leader, or the brand is priced below the category average. Brands operating in less favorable market conditions can still achieve above-average CMP impact by combining CMPs with price promotions to ensure consumer consideration.
Catholic Health Care and the Mission Leader: A Religious Exercise
Authors: Santos Andrew
Published: August 2023

Inspired by the Divine Healer Jesus of Nazareth, Catholic healthcare has been a religious exercise since its inception. First practiced in the setting of the monastery in the earliest centuries AD and incarnated over two millennia by a variety of religious orders of consecrated men and women, Catholic healthcare today faces a crisis of identity. The role of the mission leader, envisioned by the religious brothers and sisters who founded various Catholic healthcare organizations, was a primary conduit to preserve the charisms of the founders and ensure the identity of Catholic healthcare as a religious exercise and ministry of the Church. With data from a recent survey of Catholic healthcare mission leaders, a number of critical challenges currently confront the role of mission leader and will potentially inhibit that role from fulfilling its original mandate. This article will present the findings of this survey, analyze the resulting challenges and present specific recommendations to strengthen the role of the mission leader and ensure Catholic healthcare will remain true to its ethos as a ministry of the Church and religious exercise.
Survey of the Relationship Between Online Committee of Friends Meetings, Burials, and Coping With Bereavement Among Nigerians in Ebonyi State
Authors: Ekpechu Ogbonnaya Alo Joseph , Nwosu Ahamefule Innocent , Okoro Ngozi Favour , Onuoha Onuoha Ogobuchi , Ololo Kennedy Okechukwu , Eyisi Emmanuel Chimezie , Orakwe Emmanuel Chukwuebuka , Ukah Jonathan , Aro Gilbert , Njemanze Vivian Chizoma , Okoronkwo Ethelbert , Bukola Popoola Tabitha , Durueke Nwabugo Chima , Seh Takob Clementine
Published: August 2023

Online committee of friends meeting is a new trend in Nigeria. There is a continuous online interaction that goes on among the group members. The qualitative research design was used to carry out the study. The unstructured interview method was used to get information from the study participants. It was found among other things that the bereaved read, digest and accept the online condolence messages which serve as a coping tool to the loss of the loved one. Online COF is also a veritable tool in soliciting for and raising funds from online to facilitate the burial of loved ones owing to rising cost of conducting burials in Nigeria. It was concluded that coping with death is achieved in online COF through formation of whatsapp group, condolence messaging, friends digestion of information and acceptance of the pieces of advice raised and as divine will which comes when it will.
Free Movement versus European Welfare States? Variations of the Fiscal Effects of EU Migrants across Welfare State Regimes
Authors: Österman Marcus , Palme Joakim , Ruhs Martin
Published: August 2023

Strong claims have been made about the incompatibility between large-scale migration and advanced welfare states. The free movement of workers within the European Union (EU) offers an interesting case for the study of the fiscal effects of unrestricted labor migration in different types of welfare states This article therefore investigates the alleged tension between advanced welfare states and liberal migration policies by analyzing how the fiscal effects of EU migrants vary across European welfare state regimes. In contrast to arguments commonly made in public debates, we argue and explain why theoretical reasoning should lead us to expect limited differences in fiscal effects of EU migrants in different welfare states. The empirical analysis, covering twenty-nine countries during 2004–15, shows that the net fiscal impact of EU migrants in the different welfare state regimes of West European countries is positive, and we find no major differences in the fiscal impacts of EU migrants across Western regimes. These results from the EU case cast doubts on the claim that advanced welfare states are incompatible with large-scale immigration because of adverse fiscal effects, and on the idea that broad institutional characteristics of welfare states have substantial consequences for the fiscal impact of migration.
“The Fierce Urgency of Now”: The Example of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Authors: Copeland M. Shawn
Published: August 2023

The year 2023 marks the sixtieth anniversary of the March on Washington that featured civil rights leader, the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. This article focuses on King’s critique of racism, poverty, and militarism, and his commitment to justice, love, and hope.
Youth in Transition: Exploring a Life Course Perspective on Leaving care in Africa
Authors: Kelly Berni , van Breda Adrian D , Pinkerton John , Frimpong-Manso Kwabena , Chereni Admire , Bukuluki Paul
Published: August 2023

While there is a substantial body of leaving care research, the theorization of care leaving has been more limited. Only a few studies have incorporated a life course perspective, mainly in Global North contexts where life course perspectives may differ significantly from those in the Global South, including Africa. Drawing on findings from a feasibility research study, this paper contributes to the emerging international literature on theorizing care leaving by applying a life course perspective to the experiences of youth leaving care in four African countries. The paper highlights how life course can be a useful conceptual framework for understanding the experiences of care leavers with an emphasis on four core concepts: biography, linked lives, waithood, and agency. Implications for policy and practice are outlined with a focus on interdependence, participatory practice, biography, and cultural transition planning alongside efforts to redress systemic, oppressive barriers facing care leavers in society.
Race, nation, empire? Historicising outward and inward-facing British nationalism
Authors: Foley James
Published: August 2023

Brexit has continued to capture the attention of International Relations (IR) scholars, where it has been linked to the burgeoning debate on race and postcolonialism. This article adds to this scholarship by historicising the question of imperial nostalgia, which has been central to these intersecting literatures. It re-examines how influential theorists Hall and Gilroy linked the peculiarities of British national consciousness to traumas issuing from the loss of great power status. It emphasises two themes often lacking in recent accounts of Brexit nationalism: namely, the centrality of military mobilisation to national consciousness; and the unevenness between popular and elite sentiment with regards to the imperial dimension. In historicising themes of extroversion and introversion, it reconsiders the significant metamorphoses in post-Thatcherite British nationalism, which had centred on proclaiming a national renaissance founded in foreign policy successes, international moral leadership and a state-led consensus for rolling out globalisation worldwide. The research shows that revisionism about the British Empire played a significant role in foreign policy discourse across this period, as did pro-EU sentiment among the governing and ruling elite. It highlights the mechanisms which allowed UK foreign policy intellectuals to link the military roll-out of ‘postmodern’ social norms with the European project’s end goals. These findings help historically situate Brexit amid a succession of crises for the liberal global order. The research finds that, whereas Brexit appeared initially as a retreat or break from the UK’s post-Thatcherite ‘globalising’ nationalism, subsequent developments highlight significant continuities.
An alarming surge of scrub typhus cases presenting as acute encephalitis in children
Authors: Husain Uneza , Arpita  , Kalyan Raj Kumar
Published: August 2023

Scrub typhus, which is prevalent in the Asia Pacific region is most feared owing to its life-threatening neurological complications. We present four cases of scrub typhus with acute encephalitis, including one with multiorgan failure and another serologically proven co-infection with Hepatitis C. Treatment of scrub typhus is not, however, so difficult, so its early diagnosis is paramount.
Popular Planners: Newspaper Writers, Neighborhood Activists, and the Struggles against Housing Demolition in Lagos, Nigeria, 1951-1956
Authors: Somotan Titilola Halimat
Published: August 2023

As Nigeria prepared for independence in the 1950s, British planners and Nigerian politicians sought to improve Nigeria’s international image by dismantling what they called the “slums” of Central Lagos. This article examines how a loose coalition of residents—including female traders, homeowners, and tenants—challenged the idea that Central Lagos was a slum and pushed for alternative planning proposals that would suit residents’ interests. I propose “popular planners” to describe the residents who drew on their lived experiences and knowledge of colonial planning laws to critique building demolition and demand the Development Board amend its slum clearance plan. Their competing visions, articulated in newspapers, during street demonstrations, and in petitions, demonstrate everyday people’s investment in transforming the city’s future during the end of colonial rule and their opposition to exclusionary planning processes that continue to shape urban policies in Nigeria.
The study of vertical-axis wind turbine based on immersed boundary method
Authors: Yang Bo , Cheng Qian , Song Moru
Published: August 2023

In this article, a modified immersed boundary method (IBM) with a ghost-cells strategy is introduced to study a kind of vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT). In order to improve the accuracy of the numerical calculation and enhance its adaptability, some treatments on the IBM for the VAWT especially are carried out. The method is testified by the numerical simulation of an Eppler387 airfoil. With the help of the method, some flowing characteristics of the wind turbine have been thoroughly observed and understood. Furthermore, the effects of blade shape, tip vortex and secondary flowing on the turbine performance are discussed in detail based on the numerical results.
Earnings Announcement Content as a Signal of Reliability
Authors: Seavey Scott E. , Snow Neal M. , Whitworth James D.
Published: August 2023

We extend literature on the timing and quantitative content of earnings announcements (EAs), and consider whether managers use qualitative characteristics to relate the reliability of earnings information, relative to audit completion. We also examine if qualitative differences in EAs moderate investor reactions to the EA. Assessing the linguistic content of EA disclosures for uncertainty and readability on a sample of firms from 2004 to 2020, we hypothesize and find that EAs released early relative to audit completion convey lower reliability, measured by more uncertain and less readable language. For firms that do release early, the more uncertain and less readable the EA is the earlier they release. We also predict that such information is a more reliable, optimistic signal of future operations, and that a prior accounting restatement will increase uncertainty in EAs. We find that firms that restate financial reports from the prior year use more uncertain and less readable language in current year announcements. Finally, we examine the relevance of more or less certainty and readability through investor responses to EAs. When earnings news is unexpectedly good, there is a larger positive market response to earnings when those EAs use more certain and readable language. When the news is unexpectedly bad, there is a more negative market response to earnings when those EAs use more certain and readable language.
Recruitment of Young Adults: Lessons Learned From Research on Rural E-Cigarette Use and Cessation
Authors: Gwon Seok Hyun , Lee Han-Joo , Cho Young Ik , Noonan Devon
Published: August 2023

Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use continues to grow in rural areas of the United States. In particular, young adults (18-24 years) in rural areas are a hard-to-reach population in regard to understanding the growing ENDS use trend. The purpose of this article was to describe recruitment strategies that were used for a series of ENDS-relevant projects for young adults in rural areas, report recruitment yields from these strategies, and provide methodological considerations to aid researchers in improving recruitment. We used descriptive statistical methods to characterize recruitment yields (responses to screening vs initial invites, and number of individuals who fully met eligibility criteria vs responses to screening) from 2 ENDS studies that focused on 3 main recruitment strategies, including student directories, leadership offices (eg, Student Affairs), and regional tobacco control support networks (eg, Area Health Education Centers) for reaching young adults in rural communities. The recruitment yield rates varied and ranged from 2% to 14% depending on strategy with leadership offices resulting in the highest recruitment yield. Methodological considerations by strategy are described in detail. Results of this study can be used to inform tailored recruitment strategies to increase the representation of rural young adults in ENDS or other tobacco research.
A rare case of giant mediastino-pleural lipoma
Authors: Kummari Madhusudhan , Narahari Narendra Kumar , Kapoor Anu , Avala Ravi charan , Paramjyothi GK
Published: August 2023

Lipomas are common benign neoplastic mesenchymal tumours arising from adipose tissue anywhere in the body. Giant intra-thoracic lipoma extending across the anterior mediastinum into bilateral pleural spaces causing compression of the underlying lung resulting in respiratory embarrassment is rarely seen and reported. Giant lipomas of thorax require surgical excision as they continue to grow and cause compressive symptoms.